bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Doctrine of Memory in Origen of Alexandria: Intersecting the Theory of Divine Names, Platonic Recollection, and Feminine Perspectives
Authors: Hermanin de Reichenfeld Giovanni
Published: October 2024

Posing as the first attempt to study systematically Origen’s doctrine of memory, this article pieces together the sparse references to memory in the Origenian literature. While no systematic attempt to investigate memory is traceable in Origen’s thought, the psychological function of memory does present itself as a minor but significant element in his theology. First, I clear the way from unnecessary connections to the Platonic doctrine of recollection suggested by the few scholars who have tackled the issue. Then, I frame Origen’s understanding of memory within his “doctrines of names.” Memory is shown as the result of the nature of names and their ontological capacity to evoke the power of the named object and make it present in the mind of the utterer even before reaching a full intellectual understanding of it. Secondly I analyse biblical characters, especially Zechariah, Mary, and Elizabeth, showing how Origen turned the function of memory into a step of the human ascensive path toward God. The act of seeking God in one’s memory is overcome when his presence occurs in contemplation, shifting from an economy of memory/imagination/manifestation to one of presence/contemplation. In the doctrines of divine names, the “memory” is opposed to the “voice,” which is the distinctive trait of the new economy. Thirdly I show that, not only men, but also women are presented by Origen as examples of how to overcome the economy of memory, thus becoming “voice” of God. In fact, women represent the shift from memory to voice even better than men. They embody literally the path from “memory” to “voice,” as the image that Origen uses to represent this shift is pregnancy, which thus metaphorically expresses the whole history of salvation as a process of spiritual transformation towards God.
MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN THE USA AND WESTERN EUROPE: PATTERNS OF ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR
Authors:   Georgy Arbatov Institute for U.S. and Canada Studies RAS, Shumilina Inna
Published: October 2024

The year 2024 will see electoral events of particular importance: not only will they, like those that preceded them, determine the direction of development of socio-political life in the United States and Western Europe for at least the next four years, but they will also most likely influence the political situation in the world as a whole, especially in Europe (the conflict around Ukraine) and the Middle East (the Palestinian-Israeli confrontation, tensions around Iran). Due to demographic and other factors, Muslim communities on both sides of the Atlantic play an increasingly important role in these electoral processes. The article examines the models of their electoral behavior under the influence of various concepts and mechanisms of their adaptation in the respective societies – the «melting pot» in the United States and «multiculturalism» in Western Europe. Today, Kamala Harris appears to be a consensus figure for most American Muslims, which increases her chances in the November 2024 elections.
EVOLUTION AND PROSPECTS OF THE «ALTERNATIVE FOR GERMANY»
Authors:   Linguistics University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Sorokin Аlexander , Korovin Yuri ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the populist Alternative for Germany (AfG) party, which systematically opposes the ruling mainstream parties, has become active on the German political scene. In contrast to the approach of the mainstream parties, the AfG’s views on governance and engagement with the European Union now pose a threat to the coalition of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Alliance 90 / The Greens because of the increasing popularity of right-wing populists among the German electorate. In autumn 2025, Germany will hold federal elections to the Bundestag, which will determine the political course of the country for the next 5 years. The purpose of this article is to assess the prospects of the Alternative for Germany party in the Bundestag elections in 2025.A significant part of the article is devoted to reviewing the ideological evolution of the party, which has gone from a minor moderate party to the leading opposition force in the country. This is essential in order to understand the implications of the current rise in social tensions and scandals around Alternative and how this may affect its future political sustainability. Authors provide a forecast of the party’s chances of success in the parliamentary elections and assess the risks that the AfG may face during the electoral struggle. The conclusion is made that the chances of the Alternative for Germany party to enter the government in 2025 will depend on its capacity to timely eliminate the accumulated internal contradictions, such as the excessive radicalisation of the party and the lack of a unified ideological component among its leaders.
The Neural Correlates of Spontaneous Beat Processing and Its Relationship with Music-Related Characteristics of the Individual
Authors: Scartozzi Alyssa C. , Wang Youjia , Bush Catherine T. , Kasdan Anna V. , Fram Noah R. , Woynaroski Tiffany , Lense Miriam D. , Gordon Reyna L. , Ladányi Enikő
Published: October 2024

In the presence of temporally organized stimuli, there is a tendency to entrain to the beat, even at the neurological level. Previous research has shown that when adults listen to rhythmic stimuli and are asked to imagine the beat, their neural responses are the same as when the beat is physically accented. The current study explores the neural processing of simple beat structures where the beat is physically accented or inferred from a previously presented physically accented beat structure in a passive listening context. We further explore the associations of these neural correlates with behavioral and self-reported measures of musicality. Fifty-seven participants completed a passive listening EEG paradigm, a behavioral rhythm discrimination task, and a self-reported musicality questionnaire. Our findings suggest that when the beat is physically accented, individuals demonstrate distinct neural responses to the beat in the beta (13–23 Hz) and gamma (24–50 Hz) frequency bands. We further find that the neural marker in the beta band is associated with individuals’ self-reported musical perceptual abilities. Overall, this study provides insights into the neural correlates of spontaneous beat processing and its connections with musicality.
Exploring controls on the timing of the phytoplankton bloom in western Baffin Bay, Canadian Arctic
Authors: Benoît-Gagné Maxime , Dutkiewicz Stephanie , Deschepper Inge , Dufresne Christiane , Dumont Dany , Larouche Raphaël , Mémery Laurent , Olivier Gaëtan , Maps Frédéric
Published: October 2024

In the Arctic Ocean the peak of the phytoplankton bloom occurs around the period of sea ice break-up. Climate change is likely to impact the bloom phenology and its crucial contribution to the production dynamics of Arctic marine ecosystems. Here we explore and quantify controls on the timing of the spring bloom using a one-dimensional biogeochemical/ecosystem model configured for coastal western Baffin Bay. The model reproduces the observations made on the phenology and the assemblage of the phytoplankton community from an ice camp in the region. Using sensitivity experiments, we found that two essential controls on the timing of the spring bloom were the biomass of phytoplankton before bloom initiation and the light under sea ice before sea ice break-up. The level of nitrate before bloom initiation was less important. The bloom peak was delayed up to 20 days if the overwintering phytoplankton biomass was too low. This result highlights the importance of phytoplankton survival mechanisms during polar winter to the pelagic ecosystem of the Arctic Ocean and the spring bloom dynamics.
Translating Yoani
Authors: Negrón-Muntaner Frances
Published: October 2024

In 2013, the young philologist Yoani Sánchez was “possibly the most famous living Cuban not named Castro” and one of the world’s most famous bloggers. Although, at the time, very few people in Cuba had access to the internet, a legion of volunteers worldwide translated her Generation Y blog into eighteen languages, reaching millions of internauts globally every month. In many parts of the world, the press and political figures viewed Sánchez with awe, describing her as a “girl genius” and a “rock star.” This view was not unreasonable—a thirty-four-year-old woman who built her computer from scratch in a country ruled undemocratically by old military men—Sánchez’s writing constituted a daily defiance of the Cuban state. Yet, questions remained: What made Sánchez different? Why did so much attention flow to Sánchez rather than the numerous hunger strikers in and out of Cuban jails during this period? Why did global media pick Sánchez to speak for and translate Cuba to the world and with what effects? Here, Frances Negrón-Muntaner investigates how multiple forms of translation, of language but also of form, education, ideology, color, and gender, in a context of capitalist and technological change allowed Sánchez to play a pivotal and mediating role that changed her, Cuba, and beyond.
PROGRESS OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHITOSAN FORMULATIONS WITH INSULIN TO PROMOTE SKIN WOUND HEALING
Authors: Przybyła Marcin , Dolińska Barbara , Ostróżka-Cieślik Aneta
Published: October 2024

The treatment of difficult-to-heal wounds is a major problem in modern medicine. The search for new materials and ways to treat wounds is important and timely. Insulin stimulates proliferation, differentiation and migration of skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Chitosan has beneficial biological properties and can be an effective carrier of insulin. This review discusses research into the development of chitosan formulations with insulin to aid local treatment of chronic wounds. The PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for studies on chitosan preparations with insulin in terms of their efficacy in wound healing. Twelve original English-language articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals were included in the analysis. Insulin preparations in a chitosan matrix in the form of gel, hydrogel, injection and non-woven dressing are highly effective at all stages of the wound-healing process. They show anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Insulin from the formulations is released in a prolonged or controlled manner. However, it seems necessary to learn more about the mechanisms of insulin action within lesions. Of note, the data are mainly from basic and preclinical studies. Only one clinical study has been conducted.
SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN COMPOSITES WITH METHYLENE BLUE, MALACHITE GREEN AND ACID FUCHSIN DYES FOR ENHANCEMENT OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
Authors: Antonyuk Volodymyr , Manko Nazar , Panchak Lidiia , Khomyak Semen , Gromyko Oleksandr , Stoika Rostyslav
Published: October 2024

The effect of chitosan oxidation with sodium periodate on the ability to form complexes with the dyes methylene blue, malachite green and acid fuchsin, which have an antiseptic effect, was investigated. A non-covalent interaction occurred for methylene blue and malachite green, while a covalent interaction occurred for acid fuchsin. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of chitosan composites with these dyes. The antimicrobial effect of these dyes complexed with oxidised chitosan against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was investigated. The non-covalent attachment of malachite green and methylene blue to chitosan preserved their antimicrobial effect; hence, complexes of these dyes with oxidised chitosan provide a more convenient form that is less staining. However, the covalent conjugation of acid fuchsin with oxidised chitosan caused a significant loss of the antimicrobial activity. The developed method of conjugation of specific dyes with chitosan can be used to create complexes of this biopolymer with a wide range of biologically active organic substances.
THE COMBINATION OF WASTE PRODUCTS FROM CHITIN AND SAWDUST TO REMOVE ANIONIC AND CATIONIC DYES
Authors: Filipkowska Urszula , Jóźwiak Tomasz
Published: October 2024

The application of the immobilisation method – which consists of immobilising modified sawdust in a carrier, a chitosan gel – enabled the development of a new sorbent. By combining waste products from chitin and sawdust, the properties of both adsorbents were utilised. This paper evaluated the adsorption efficiency of four dyes – Reactive Yellow 84, Reactive Black 8, Basic Violet 10 and Basic Green 4 – on four adsorbents – chitin flakes, chitosan flakes, chitosan beads and sawdust immobilised in chitosan beads. The latter adsorbent showed good adsorption properties for both anionic and cationic dyes. The experimental results showed a relationship between the amount of adsorbed and desorbed dye and the type of adsorbent. Chitin flakes showed the lowest adsorption capacity, regardless of the type of dye. The immobilisation of modified sawdust in chitosan had a particularly positive effect on the binding efficiency of cationic dyes.
FOLIAR APPLICATION OF DEPOLYMERISED CHITOSAN ENHANCES THE GROWTH AND CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLS AND L-ASCORBIC ACID IN Eucomis autumnalis, AN ORNAMENTAL AND MEDICINAL PLANT
Authors: Salachna Piotr , Zawadzińska Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Chitosan and its derivatives are promising plant biostimulants with potentially broad applications in agriculture and horticulture. In this study, we determined the effect of the application method and dose of depolymerised chitosan on morphological characteristics and metabolite levels in Eucomis autumnalis, a medicinal and ornamental plant. Depolymerised chitosan (molecular weight ~154,500 g/mol, number average molecular weight ~22,800 g/mol and degree of deacetylation ~85%) was used at 50 and 100 mg/l by drenching plants or spraying. In general, depolymerised chitosan increased the length of plant leaves and roots, especially at the dose of 100 mg/l, and also increased the fresh weight of leaves, bulbs and roots, with a more potent effect found when depolymerised chitosan was applied as a foliar spray. In addition, spraying the plants with chitosan solution at 50 and 100 mg/l caused a significant increase in the total chlorophyll content, by 55.4% and 42.0%, respectively, and the total polyphenol content, by 77.7% and 59.0%, respectively, compared with the control. On the other hand, the biosynthesis of carotenoids was most favourably affected by the application of 100 mg/l depolymerised chitosan by drenching and 50 mg/l depolymerised chitosan by spraying. Foliar application of depolymerised chitosan led to an increase in leaf L-ascorbic acid content by an average of 36.4%, regardless of the dose. The results suggest that depolymerised chitosan applied as a foliar spray promoted the growth of E. autumnalis and contributed to increased biosynthesis of polyphenols, which may be a future means of obtaining metabolites in this species.
La educación femenina en la Guerra Civil española. Un análisis desde las voces de la infancia de clase popular
Authors: Sonlleva Velasco Miriam , Sanz Simón Carlos , Maroto Sáez Ana
Published: October 2024

El artículo parte de un proyecto llevado a cabo en la Facultad de Educación de Segovia que trata de acercar a los estudiantes de Grado de Educación Infantil a la historia de la Guerra Civil española a través de relatos de vida. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las experiencias infantiles de mujeres segovianas nacidas en el contexto rural de finales de 1920 y principios de 1930 y que vivieron su escolaridad durante la contienda. El análisis de los testimonios revela la represión a la que fue sometida la mujer durante este periodo y cómo la educación fue el arma de la ideología dominante para que las menores asumieran el papel subordinado que les fue asignado por su condición de clase y de género.
El Derecho al Trabajo y la Resocialización: Superando la Discriminación Laboral a favor de los Reos Libres
Authors: Pillpe Yaranga Rudy Augusto
Published: October 2024

En resumen, el artículo analiza la problemática de la discriminación laboral que afecta a los reos liberados en el Perú, destaca la importancia del trabajo como factor clave en el proceso de resocialización y desarrollo personal, y critica la falta de políticas públicas efectivas que promuevan la inclusión laboral de este grupo poblacional. Las principales ideas que abarca el texto son la problemática de la discriminación laboral hacia los reos libres en el Perú, la importancia del trabajo en la resocialización y el papel del Estado en la promoción de la inclusión laboral de este grupo poblacional. Se concluye que es necesario un enfoque multidisciplinario, que incluya la educación, para abordar de manera efectiva este problema. El artículo tiene por objetivo explicar que los reos libres son discriminados por tener antecedentes penales. El artículo se elaboró mediante una revisión bibliográfica amplia, con un estudio explicativo. El artículo presenta alternativas de solución que permitan acceder a los reos liberados al mercado laboral previo a una educación para el trabajo. Como resultado del análisis, propone acciones afirmativas en favor de los reos para lograr el acceso al mercado laboral respetando los Derechos Humanos.
Limitación probatoria del ejecutado en el proceso único de ejecución de títulos valores incompletos en Perú
Authors: Mosquera Lagos María Carmela
Published: October 2024

La importancia de los títulos valores en el desarrollo comercial dentro de la sociedad es indiscutible porque posibilita un rápido y seguro movimiento de los derechos de crédito; así como su circulación, por cuanto los derechos de patrimonio que incorpora el título valor se encuentran unidos con el derecho de crédito. Por ello, el título valor debe cumplir con requerimientos y las puntualidades previstas en la Ley N° 27287 para que sea calificado como válido, sin embargo, los procesos únicos de ejecución de los títulos valores incompletos conllevan a la limitación probatoria del ejecutado en los procesos judiciales.En este sentido, se desarrolla el presente trabajo de investigación con enfoque cualitativo con el objetivo principal de conocer los alcances y casos controversiales sobre limitaciones para las contradicciones probatorias en los procesos únicos en aplicación de los artículos 10 y 19 de la Ley N° 27287, en los Juzgados Especializados de San Martín, Tarapoto, Corte Superior de Justicia de San Martín, siendo principal preocupación jurídica la ubicación probatoria en la que se encuentra la parte ejecutada frente al posible abuso del derecho en que puede incurrir el acreedor, y resulta difícil para el ejecutado probar cuáles fueron los acuerdos si la legislación de la ley de títulos valores, no protege al ejecutado (deudor) en cuanto al derecho a probar.
Incidental emergency vascular pathologies on [18F]FDG-PET/CT and their metabolic patterns: a case series
Authors: Li Wai Ip , NG Koon Kiu , KUNG Boom Ting
Published: October 2024

Purpose: We aim to review the image patterns of incidental vascular diseases on 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT). Material and methods: A retrospective review of [18F]FDG PET/CT examinations at the Nuclear Medicine Unit of Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong was performed, focusing on detections of emergency vascular pathologies, in correlation with the clinical history and other radiologic modalities and we analyzed the unique metabolic patterns observed in these cases. Results: Our analysis demonstrated that [18F]FDG PET/CT scans exhibited distinctive metabolic patterns associated with emergency vascular pathologies, including intracranial hemorrhage, portal venous thrombosis and deep venous thrombosis. These patterns provided valuable insights not evident in plain CT of PET/CT, enhancing the detection and characterization of the critical conditions. Conclusion: Our study highlights the significance of recognizing the metabolic patterns associated with unexpected vascular pathologies, thereby enhancing diagnostic capabilities and patient outcomes.
Using Exponential Complex Polynomials for Constructing Closed Curves with Given Properties
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ausheva Natalia M. , Kaleniuk Oleksandr S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Sydorenko Iuliya V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a method to compute the coefficients of a complex exponential polynomial of real argument that, while being decomposed into real and imaginary parts by Euler’s formula, obtains required interpolating and differential properties at any given points of its real graph. Moreover, imaginary components in their nodes of interpolation and differentiation serve as additional control tools that shape the polynomial appearance. Although the impact of these components is not yet studied extensively, we can still use them to achieve useful properties, e. g. we can minimize the total height of the polynomial graph. From the geometry standpoint, having these properties implies that the parametric curves constructed with such polynomials can go through given points, have predetermined tangent vectors in those or other points, and retain enough variability to have additional useful properties, for instance, the total length of these curves, or their maximal curvature can also be minimized within limits.
An Automated Method for Checking and Debugging Test Scenarios Based on Formal Models
Authors:   V.M. Glushkov Institute of cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kolchyn Oleksandr V. , Potiyenko Stepan V. ,   V.M. Glushkov Institute of cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Model-based test cases generation is a popular strategy for test automation. It helps to reduce time spent on the development of a test suite and can improve level of coverage. However, many reports show shortage of such test cases in poor quality and doubtable efficiency. Purpose. The main goal of the proposed method is cost-effective validation, assessment, debugging and concretization of generated test cases. The method helps improve quality and efficiency of the test cases, make their scenario meaningful and goal-oriented. The method also develops debugging facilities and simplifies data dependency analysis and test scenario editing. Methods. We propose an automated post-processing method which allows to evaluate path that is examined by the test case, and to make safe changes to the path which will eliminate the shortcomings while leaving the coverage targets of the test case unharmed. The method is based on visualization of the path along the control flow graph of the model with additional information about factual evaluation history of all variables and possible alternative variants of behavior. For consistent substitution of certain values in the signal parameters, which would determine the artifacts of the test environment (such as, for example, files, databases, etc.) and check boundary cases (in predicates of conditions, indexing of arrays, etc.), a method of interactive specification of symbolic traces has been developed. Results. The role of the user in deciding whether to add a test case to the project test suite and make changes to it remains crucial, but to reduce labor intensity, the following processes are automated: evaluation of test scenarios according to certain objective characteristics (level of coverage, ability to detect defects, data cohesion, etc.); highlighting of possible alternatives for making corrections; consistent updating of computations for the corresponding corrections. A prototype was developed based on the proposed methods. The empirical results demonstrated a positive impact on the overall efficiency (ability to detect defects and reduce resource consumption) and quality (meaningfulness, readability, maintenance, usefulness for debugging, etc) of the generated test suites. The method allows to make automatically generated test cases trustable and usable. Conclusion. The proposed toolkit significantly reduces the time spent on researching the results of test generation and validation of the obtained tests and their editing. Unlike existing simulation methods, the proposed method not only informs about the values of variables, but also explores the history of their computations and additionally provides information about admissible alternatives. Further we plan to improve the process of localizing the causes of test failure at execution phase to speed up the search for defects.
The Universal Module for Integration of an Intelligent Assistant into iOS Applications
Authors:   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Levchuk Volodymyr Yu.
Published: October 2024

Investigated current implementations of the integration of intelligent assistants into mobile applications. Identified key disadvantages of existing implementations and formed the criteria for a universal intelligent assistant. Developed a proprietary software module for integrating an intelligent assistant into iOS application, which provides autonomy, minimal resource requirements, and simplifies the development process. Created a photo editor application to test the operation of the software module. The test results were presented and further development prospects were described.
ANALISIS OVERBURDEN PELEDAKAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADA PT PUTRA PERKASA ABADI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Reksadipo Luthfi Adnantio , Razak Supardi , Djamil Agus Sulaiman
Published: October 2024

Ukuran fragmentasi hasil peledakan yang relatif besar (boulder) menyebabkan waktu penggalian menjadi semakin lama sehingga menurunkan produktivitas alat gali muat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan rancangan geometri pemboran dan peledakan serta jumlah powder factor yang berkaitan dengan distribusi fragmentasi batuan, sehingga tercapai produktivitas alat gali muat dan penghematan total biaya. Metode yang digunakan berupa prediksi fragmentasi batuan dengan pendekatan teoritis Kuznetsov dan Rosin-Ramler serta hasil pengukuran langsung dengan metode fotografi dengan analisis menggunakan software wipfrag. Pada geometri usulan didapatkan distribusi fragmentasi oversize 8,97% dengan digging time yang dihasilkan sebesar 7 detik dan produktivitas alat gali muat menjadi 270,34 bcm/jam menghasilkan total cost sebesar Rp 7.566,83/bcm. Sehingga target persentase fragmentasi oversize sebesar <15% dan produktivitas alat gali muat >270 bcm/jam dapat tercapai dengan total penghematan biaya sebesar  Rp 649,59/bcm atau penghematan biaya sebesar 8%. Kata kunci: fragmentasi batuan, geometri peledakan, powder factor, digging time, produktivitas.
PENGARUH GEOLOGICAL STRENGTH INDEKS (GSI) TERHADAP KESTABILAN LERENG TAMBANG BATU GAMPING PT CICATIH PUTRA SUKABUMI
Authors: Nugroho Alfian Adhi , Kusumaningsih Dewi Ayu
Published: October 2024

Dalam proses penambangan kestabilan lereng merupakan suatu hal yang penting. Jika lereng penambangan tidak stabil, akan mengakibatkan kondisi yang berbahaya bagi alat dan pekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai GSI terhadap kestabilan lereng pada pit penambangan batu gamping PT Cicatih Putra Sukabumi. Penelitian dilakukan di pit penambangan Barat-Selatan. Analisis kestabilan lereng dilakukan menggunakan metode kesetimbangan batas (limit equilibrium method), sedangkan nilai GSI berdasarkan Hoek (1994). Nilai faktor keamanan yang digunakan yaitu FK ≥1,25 (Bowles,1984). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan nilai GSI sebesar 47 dan 55. Nilai GSI tersebut berdasarkan klasifikasi massa batuan (Bieniawski, 1973), memiliki kualitas massa batuan di kelas 3 (36-55) dimana masuk kedalam kelas sedang. Geometri lereng tunggal yang direkomendasikan yaitu dengan tinggi 6 m, berm widht 3 m dan single slope 35° dengan FK 2,604. Sementara untuk lereng keseluruhan overall slope 28° dengan 10 jenjang serta nilai Faktor Keamanan 1,256. Hubungan nilai GSI dengan faktor keamanan menunjukkan bahwasanya semakin besar nilai GSI maka akan diikuti dengan naiknya nilai Faktor Keamanan. GSI yang bernilai tinggi menunjukkan bahwa batuan semakin mendekati keadaan awalnya (intact).
Persaudaraan dalam Al-Qur'an: Analisis Ayat-Ayat tentang Persaudaraan Perspektif Teori Double Movement Fazlur Rahman
Authors: Mallo Muhammad Ghifary Ramadani , A'raaf Muhammad , Arif Basyir
Published: October 2024

Salah satu ajaran dalam Islam yang sangat ditekankan untuk dijaga dan dipertahankan yaitu mengenai persaudaraan. Pada tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang membicarakan tentang persaudaraan dengan menggunakan metode penafsiran double movement dari Fazlur Rahman. Penelitian-penelitian terdahulu telah menjelaskan konsep persaudaraan dalam al-Qur’an, namun tidak menggunakan suatu pendekatan atau metodologi. Sedangkan lainnya tidak memfokuskan pendekatan double movement untuk menganalisis ayat-ayat tentang persaudaraan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan berfokus pada library research. Ada banyak ayat yang membicarakan tentang persaudaraan, antara lain di dalam Q.S. al-Hasyr ayat 9. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kisah serta konsep persaudaraan yang telah dipaparkan di dalam al-Qur’an dengan menggunakan metode penafsiran double movement dari Fazlur Rahman.Persaudaraan, Double Movement, Tafsir, Fazlur Rahman
مآلات الأفعال عند الإمام السالمي من خلال كتابه الجوابات: دراسة تطبيقية في باب السياسة الشرعية
Authors: Al-Awaidi Mahmoud bin Saeed bin Khalfan , Almujahed Muhammad Said
Published: October 2024

The research aims to study the consequences of actions as the objective framework that guarantees the integrity of the work of the mujtahid in downloading rulings on the actions of those who are responsible. This study came to answer the following questions: What is the reality of the concept of consequences of actions? Is it legally valid? What is the effect of the consequences of the actions in the answers of Al-Salmi in Sharia politics? What is the extent of the presence of the consequences of actions in the answers of Imam Al-Salmi and his fatwas related to Sharia politics? The research has reached results, perhaps the most important of which are: the consequences of actions derive their legitimacy from the Qur’an and Sunnah, and it is not possible to download judgment on the actions of the taxpayers and their actions by simply looking at the incident without looking at its expected results in the future, and that Al-Salmi employed the origin of the consequences of actions in his answers in directing some of the sayings of scholars And in explaining his sayings, the presence of the origin of the consequences of actions and its fundamentalist, jurisprudential, and intentional rules is noted in his various answers related to Sharia politics.
من المكاتب إلى الفضائات السيبرانية: فعالية برنامج الإرشاد ما قبل الزواج عبر منصات التواصل الاجتماعية
Authors: Jamal Fauzun , Sujoko Imam , Hamna Waleed Obaid Adam
Published: October 2024

The progress of communication technologies, especially post-Covid-19, has changed general behavior patterns and premarital rehabilitation programs. Traditionally held at religious affairs offices (KUA), these programs are now frequently found on social media platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook with various type. This research was presented to answer a valid question about premarital guidance program chapters via social media, how they were applied and whether they demonstrated good effectiveness. By employing qualitative study, the research found that the premarital guidance program through the social network provide sufficient and innovative materials for their followers and conducting in an appropriate manner and advanced way. As for the effectiveness of the pre-marriage guidance program classes through social media platforms, the result showed that they have good effectiveness, either in terms of the participants’ assimilation of the materials, or in terms of organizing the programs, both in terms of the method of delivering and developing affection and the experience of the mentors. However, there is still a weakness in terms of the lack of dialogue between the counsellors and the participants, the lack of discussion of experiences and facts about family life, and case studies.
Numerical investigation of thermal influence on debonding behavior in composite structures through a friction and cohesive coupled model
Authors: Benchekkour Abdellah , Terfaya Nazihe , Mohamad Barhm Abdullah , Elmir Mohammed , Jálics Károly
Published: October 2024

This study conducts an in-depth numerical analysis of debonding behavior in composite structures, with a particular focus on the critical role of thermal effects. Utilizing a frictional contact cohesive zone model, the research characterizes the debonding process while sequentially integrating thermal analysis to assess the impact of thermal loading. A thermomechanical coupled model is developed and implemented using the finite element software ABAQUS. The model's accuracy is validated through the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test, ensuring reliable results. The methodology involves a detailed finite element analysis, where thermal loads are applied to composite specimens, followed by mechanical loading to simulate debonding. The frictional contact cohesive zone model accurately captures the interface behavior under varying thermal conditions. Quantitative results indicate that thermal loading significantly affects the debonding process, with a noticeable increase in debonding initiation and propagation rates, highlighting the critical influence of thermal effects on structural integrity.
Badania nad historią polskiej inteligencji w okresie zaborów
Authors: Molik Witold
Published: October 2024

Prezentowany tekst to próba charakterystyki badań nad historią polskiej inteligencji w okresie zaborów, które prowadzono od lat sześćdziesiątych XX w. w ramach dwóch nurtów, traktujących inteligencję jako warstwę społeczno-zawodową i warstwę opiniotwórczą, wywierającą wielostronny wpływ na polskie społeczeństwo. Niniejszy artykuł nie rości sobie pretensji do wyczerpania poruszonego bardzo obszernego tematu ani w aspekcie metodologicznym, ani w aspekcie praktycznych postulatów badawczych. Wyraża przede wszystkim stanowisko autora i jest zaproszeniem do dyskusji o przyszłości badań, także w zakresie historii społecznej, nad dziejami inteligencji polskiej w okresie zaborów, zwłaszcza w Galicji.
W kręgu mistrza. Studia historyczne wydane ku czci prof. Wincentego Zakrzewskiego. Problemy i dyskusje
Authors: Kobak Andrzej
Published: October 2024

Tekst przypomina sylwetkę profesora Wincentego Zakrzewskiego (1844–1918), badacza dziejów XVI w., profesora, dziekana Wydziału Filozoficznego i rektora Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Główny nacisk położono na analizę księgi pamiątkowej podarowanej Zakrzewskiemu w roku 1908, zawierającej szereg studiów historycznych, których autorami byli uczniowie, wychowankowie i przyjaciele jubilata. Wśród nich wymienić można: Ludwika Boratyńskiego, Wacława Sobieskiego, Abdona Kłodzińskiego, Stanisława Zachorowskiego, Franciszka Bujaka, Jana Ptaśnika czy Stanisława Krzyżanowskiego.
Elity miast i miasteczek Galicji Wschodniej w końcu XVIII wieku w świetle austriackich źródeł podatkowych
Authors: Jewuła Łukasz
Published: October 2024

W artykule przedstawiono kilka uwag na temat elit miejskich i małomiasteczkowych w osadach miejskich Galicji Wschodniej pod koniec XVIII w. Na podstawie zachowanych dokumentów podatkowych, tj. metryki józefińskiej i opisań urbarialnych, starano się wskazać, kogo można uznać za przedstawicieli miejskich elit. Za takich uznano szlacheckich właścicieli cząstek w miastach, szlachtę miejską posiadającą w miastach grunty wolne, bez powinności feudalnych, duchownych obydwu obrządków, tj. rzymskokatolickiego i unickiego. Poza tym do elity zaliczono urzędników prywatnych (plenipotentów, leśniczych, justycjariuszy, mandatariuszy) oraz urzędników państwowych (poczmajstrów, urzędników cyrkularnych). Ponadto do lokalnych elit zaliczono ludzi pełniących funkcje w miejskich magistratach.
Sekretarz jako urzędnik magistratu w większych miastach galicyjskich w dobie autonomii
Authors: Rejman Sabina
Published: October 2024

Sekretarz był jednym z najważniejszych urzędników miejskiego magistratu. Jako osobę wykształconą i wpływową zaliczano go do elity miejskiej inteligencji. Przeważnie brał żywy udział w życiu społecznym i kulturalnym miasta, a często je animował jako członek różnego rodzaju organizacji i stowarzyszeń. Zagadnienia podjęte w artykule dotyczą: wymogów stawianych przez prawo wobec kandydatów na urząd sekretarza, konkursów rozpisywanych na to stanowisko, zakresu obowiązków, uposażenia, czasu pełnienia służby, udziału w życiu społeczności lokalnej.
Środowisko archiwistów krakowskich na przełomie XIX i XX wieku i jego rola w życiu naukowym Galicji. Wprowadzenie do zagadnienia
Authors: Więch Arkadiusz Stanisław
Published: October 2024

Kraków na przełomie XIX i XX w. był obok Lwowa najważniejszym polskim ośrodkiem archiwalnym. Istniejące w nim instytucje archiwalne: Krajowe Archiwum Aktów Grodzkich i Ziemskich oraz Archiwum Aktów Dawnych Miasta Krakowa oraz skupione wokół Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego i Akademii Umiejętności środowisko archiwistów starało się brać aktywny udział w życiu naukowym Galicji, a poprzez podejmowane działania wpływało na rozwój polskiej historiografii.
Środowisko inteligencji żydowskiej w Tarnowie w latach 1772–1918 (wybrani przedstawiciele)
Authors: Pachowicz Anna
Published: October 2024

Celem artykułu jest omówienie kilku szczegółowych zagadnień odnoszących się do inteligencji żydowskiej w Tarnowie, przede wszystkim ukazanie wybranych przedstawicieli (m.in. rabinów, historyków, muzyków, rzeźbiarzy, adwokatów, lekarzy) związanych z miastem w różnych epokach historycznych, a także zwrócenie uwagi na strukturę tej grupy społecznej i na jej znaczenie w środowisku lokalnym. Mimo że społeczność ta była obecna przez wiele wieków w mieście, to w literaturze przedmiotu w większości można odnaleźć publikacje odnoszące się jedynie do ogólnej charakterystyki tej grupy (zwłaszcza w okresie II wojny światowej), a nie do poszczególnych osób tworzących ją w różnych okresach historii.
Rola inteligencji w kształtowaniu kultury ekonomicznej w Galicji w drugiej połowie XIX wieku – zarys problematyki
Authors: Broński Krzysztof
Published: October 2024

Celem szkicu jest próba otwarcia dyskusji nad rolą inteligencji w kształtowaniu kultury ekonomicznej kapitalizmu w Galicji w drugiej połowie XIX w., zwłaszcza w tworzeniu instytucjonalnych uwarunkowań rozwoju gospodarki liberalnej. W niniejszym tekście przez inteligencję rozumie się niejednorodną warstwę społeczną stanowiącą zbiór różnych kategorii zawodowych zajmujących się twórczością kulturalną w szerokim znaczeniu, organizowaniem pracy i współżycia zbiorowego oraz rozwiązywaniem zagadnień praktycznych wymagających wykształcenia specjalistycznego i stosowania wiedzy teoretycznej.
Język i polityka. Inteligencja galicyjska w sporze o kształt języka ukraińskiego w XIX wieku
Authors: Moklak Jarosław
Published: October 2024

Artykuł przedstawia wybrane etapy formowania się literackiego języka ukraińskiego w Galicji na tle relacji polsko-ukraińskich oraz rosyjsko-galicyjskich. Punktem wyjścia debaty językowej było odniesienie do alfabetu łacińskiego i języka cerkiewnosłowiańskiego. Alfabet łaciński Ukraińcy szybko odrzucili z obawy przed polonizacją, ale w przypadku cyrylicy problemem był wybór między historycznym alfabetem cerkiewnym a grażdanką (pismo cywilne) używaną w Rosji. Elity polskie poparły alfabet cerkiewny w przekonaniu, że będzie stanowił zaporę przed wpływem języka rosyjskiego na tożsamość narodową Rusinów (Ukraińców).
Józef Białynia-Chołodecki (1852–1934) – pamiętnikarz i miłośnik przeszłości Lwowa. Próba portretu
Authors: Kozłowski Damian
Published: October 2024

Artykuł jest próbą ukazania wkładu Józefa Białynia-Chołodeckiego w kształtowanie i rozwój środowiska miłośników dziejów Lwowa. W mieście tym działało mocno zróżnicowane grono badaczy historii grodu nad Pełtwią. Większość z nich skupiona była wokół Towarzystwa Miłośników Przeszłości Lwowa. Chołodecki był jednym z najaktywniejszych członków Towarzystwa. Należał do niego od momentu założenia w roku 1906. Po latach kryzysu, spowodowanych I wojną światową, odegrał również kluczową rolę w jego reaktywacji w 1926 r.
Podróże koleją inteligencji galicyjskiej w drugiej połowie XIX wieku we wspomnieniach, pamiętnikach i listach
Authors: Opaliński Dariusz
Published: October 2024

Kwestia, którą podejmuję w artykule, nie została szerzej omówiona w innych pracach. Wątki „kolejowe” przedstawiane są jako zagadnienia poboczne, pojawiają się przy okazji referowania innych problemów. W moim przekonaniu zupełnie niesłusznie. Podróż koleją do celu wyjazdu stanowiła w XIX w. element kluczowy całego zamierzenia, i choćby z tego powodu zasługuje na uwagę. Praca składa się z kilku części. W pierwszej omówiłem sieć kolejową zaboru austriackiego i najważniejsze fazy kolejowego otwierania się Galicji na Europę. W kolejnym fragmencie zestawiłem ceny biletów oraz zarobki inteligencji, co pozwoliło nie tylko hipotetycznie, ale bardziej realistycznie ocenić stopień wykorzystania klas pasażerskich przez analizowaną warstwę. W ostatniej próbuję ustalić katalog kolejowych zachowań podróżnych właściwych inteligencji.
Los powracających do Galicji niektórych członków Legionu Polskiego, uczestników Wiosny Ludów na Węgrzech
Authors: Kovács István
Published: October 2024

W latach 1848/49 około 4 tys. Polaków walczyło w szeregach legionów polskich i armii honwedów „za naszą i waszą wolność”. Po upadku powstania ponad tysiąc spośród nich przedostało się do Imperium Osmańskiego. Na początku lat 50. XIX w. rozproszyli się po całym świecie, tworząc tzw. Młodą Emigrację, o której zapomnieliśmy w cieniu Wielkiej Emigracji, mimo że należały do niej takie osobistości, jak Zygmunt Miłkowski (T.T. Jeż), Seweryn Korzeliński, Jan Aleksander Fredro, Edmund Matejko, Felicjan Szybalski, Franciszek Zima i inni, którzy w swoich czasach odegrali ważną rolę zarówno na emigracji, jak i w pozostałych zaborach polskich. Studium śledzi z uwagą losy powracających do Galicji – w jaki sposób przyczynili się oni do rozwoju gospodarczego, oświatowego i kulturalnego Galicji, zwanej polskim Piemontem.
Trudne początki polskiej inteligencji w I połowie XIX wieku (na przykładzie młodzieży galicyjskiej)
Authors: Kawalec Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Celem niniejszego tekstu jest ukazanie walki o zachowanie świadomości narodowej polskiej młodzieży z terenu Galicji w początkowych dekadach XIX w. wbrew polityce germanizacyjnej zaborcy. Główną formą niezgody na panującą sytuację społeczno-kulturalną była edukacja w duchu polskim. Kształcenie to skupiało się na samodzielnej nauce języka polskiego, poznawaniu literatury polskiej, historii narodowej, kultury, tradycji słowiańskiej, a konsekwencją tej działalności była oryginalna twórczość literacka i naukowa. Omówione zostaną warunki, metody i poziom austriackiego szkolnictwa, sposoby realizacji indywidualnych pasji młodzieży polskiej w okresie poprzedzającym powstanie listopadowe. Uczestnictwo młodzieży galicyjskiej w tym zrywie narodowym, a następnie zaangażowanie w ruchach politycznych o charakterze niepodległościowym z lat 30. XIX w. otwiera nową cezurę w utrwaleniu świadomości narodowej Polaków i Rusinów/Ukraińców.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIRECT SPINAL CANAL DECOMPRESSION IN THE TREATMENT OF BURST FRACTURES AT THE THORACOLUMBAR JUNCTION
Authors: Nekhlopochyn Oleksii , Verbov Vadim , Cheshuk Ievgen , Vorodi Milan
Published: October 2024

Indirect decompression of the spinal canal through ligamentotaxis is one of the methods for remodeling the spinal canal in traumatic stenosis. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of indirect decompression of the spinal canal for different morphological types of burst fractures of vertebral bodies at the thoracolumbar junction. Methods. A preoperative and postoperative analysis of computed tomography scans was performed on 59 patients who were treated at the«Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» for burst fractures at the thoracolumbar junction. The criterion for the effectiveness of indirect decompression was the area of the spinal canal, measured at the level of injury in the zone of maximum compression. The grading of burst fractures was performed using the classification by F. Magerl et al. (1994). Results. In the preoperative period, the median degree of stenosis in the group of patients was 43.47 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 37.53–46.22 %). For damage type A3.1, it was 36.9 % (95 % CI: 28.1‒40.5 %), for type A3.2 — 46.1 % (95 % CI: 32.1‒54.5 %), and for type A3.3 — 47.6 % (95 % CI: 37.5‒56.5 %). After surgical treatment, the degree of stenosis decreased by 20.14 % (95 % CI: 15.93‒21.56 %). For type A3.1, the effectiveness was 20.1 % (95 % CI: 9.5‒22.7 %), for type A3.2 — 15.2 % (95 % CI: 7.51‒17.3 %), and for type A3.3 — 21.7 % (95 % CI: 20.8‒26.4 %). The difference between types A3.2 and A3.3 was statistically significant (p = 0.0018). It was found that indirect decompression is most effective with higher degrees of stenosis. For Grade I by D. Wolter (1988), the canalexpansion achieved was 7.07 % (95 % CI: 5.69‒8.65 %), for Grade II — 21.6 % (95 % CI: 20.4‒22.7 %), and for Grade III — 30.3 % (95 % CI: 27.0‒33.6 %). Conclusions. Closed remodeling of the spinal canal with transpedicular fixation and the effect of ligamentotaxis is an effective method for correcting traumatic spinal canal stenosis at the thoracolumbar junction. The effectiveness of the technique is determined by many factors, including the type of burst fracture, the initial degree of stenosis, and the level of injury.
Mesolithic Burials of the Volga-Urals
Authors: Vybornov Aleksandr , Khokhlov Aleksandr , Borodulin Kirill
Published: October 2024

For the Mesolithic era, experts have identified two zones of ritualism: the northern with an elongated posture of skeleton and the southern with a crouched posture. Until recently on the territory of the Volga-Urals, Mesolithic burials were almost unknown. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the complexes for their attribution to the Middle Stone Age. The paper relevance is due to the low degree of the Mesolithic burials study in the territory under consideration. Methods and materials. The objects of the study were the materials of the monuments Mayak I, Syezhe I, Chekalino IV and Davlekanovo. In order to achieve the goal, the archaeological context of each monument was analyzed. To identify several objects of study, planigraphic and stratigraphic methods were used. The typological analysis was applied when structuring the funeral rite and the inventory. Lack of inventory in some burials made cultural and chronological attribution difficult. The radiocarbon method was aimed at establishing the chronological framework of the burials. Anthropological analyses were aimed at identifying morphological characteristics of the buried. Outcomes. Based on the results of the study, two traditions of the burial rite were revealed. The Mayak I and Syezhee I monuments depict the pose of the buried stretched out on their backs, while the Chekalino IV and Davlekanovo monuments show a crouched position on the right side. Radiocarbon values record the chronological differences between these groups. Anthropological characteristics are included in a wide range of variants of the proto-Uraloid or the Old Ural type. These differences can be explained both by the territorial peculiarity of the Volga-Ural region and by the fact that the monuments belong to different periods of the Mesolithic.