bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contenido de marca en diarios españoles: concepto, organización y retos de los periodistas implicados
Authors: Carvajal Miguel , Barinagarrementeria Iker
Published: February 2021

La inversión publicitaria digital se des­tina de manera mayoritaria a platafor­mas tecnológicas y redes sociales que son más efectivas en la segmentación y tienen la escala que demandan los anunciantes. Como respuesta, los me­dios introducen nuevos formatos pu­blicitarios, como el contenido de mar­ca (branded content) y la publicidad nativa para competir aportando un va­lor diferencial a la publicidad display. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se configuran los equipos que ela­boran el contenido de marca en seis or­ganizaciones periodísticas españolas (El País, Prensa Ibérica, Vocento, El Con­fidencial, 20 minutos y El Español). Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis responsables de esta nueva mo­dalidad publicitaria, se analiza cómo conciben estos nuevos formatos, cómo se organizan y a qué retos éticos y pro­fesionales se enfrentan. Los resultados indican que el contenido de marca ha cobrado protagonismo en la estructu­ra interna de los medios mediante tres modelos (semiautónomo, autónomo, básico) y que los profesionales impli­cados han abrazado esta estrategia, que ha sido cuestionada en el ámbito académico. Los entrevistados seña­lan que, si estos formatos se advierten adecuadamente, no se pone en riesgo la credibilidad de la marca periodística. Para ellos el contenido de marca, como la publicidad nativa, será un pilar fun­damental en el modelo de negocio de sus organizaciones.   Branded Content in Spanish Newspapers: Concept, Organization and Challenges for the Journalists Involved Spending on digital advertising is currently being allocated primarily to social networks and technological platforms that are more effective at segmentation and offer the scalability that advertisers want. Media outlets have responded by introducing new advertising formats that are more qualitative, such as bran­ded content and native advertising, that differentiate them from the aforemen­tioned technological platforms and add more value than display advertising. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the teams that create branded content are structured at six journalistic organi­zations in Spain (El País, Prensa Ibérica, Vocento, El Confidencial, 20 minutos and El Español). Semi-structured inter­views with the individuals responsible for this new advertising alternative were used to analyze how they view this new format, how they are structured, and what ethical and professional challen­ges they face. The results indicate that branded content has gained importance in the internal structure of me­dia outlets in the form of three models (semi-autonomous, autonomous and basic), and that the professionals invol­ved have embraced this strategy, which has been questioned in the academic arena. Interviewees pointed out that by inserting an appropriate disclaimer in these formats, the credibility of the jour­nalistic brand is not endangered. They believe that branded content and nati­ve advertising will become fundamental pillars for their business models. ­
COVID-19 Media Coverage on Spanish Public TV
Authors: Villena-Alarcón Eduardo , Caballero-Galeote Lidia
Published: February 2021

The respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 has affected over 100 countries during the last weeks. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization de­clared the COVID-19 outbreak a pan­demic and since 31 December 2019, 201,315 deaths have been reported. The media has played a key role in providing information and making people aware of the situation during this emergency situation. This re­search seeks to examine the corona­virus media coverage on the Spanish public TV (TVE1). In order to achieve this goal, a content analysis based on the five stages of grief, an audience survey, and focus group interviews were conducted. The results have shown that coverage has undergone different phases. Accordingly, each of these stages has been perceived by the audience. Although both the au­dience and the experts appreciate the work of Spanish public television, the majority opinion is negative. In this re­gard, they state that it has not been impartial and there has been an ex­cess of information. For researchers, these results provide important guide­lines to increase the number of liter­ature reviews by considering not only the news but also the audience and experts’ perceptions. Keywords: COVID-19, coverage, audi­ence, perceptions, content analysis.
Recurrent Narratives Around the COVID-19 Crisis in Social Networks: A Case Study Analysis on Facebook
Authors: Papa Venetia , Maniou Theodora A.
Published: February 2021

In recent years, social networks have played a significant role during major crisis events as citizens use these net­works to seek information, discuss and share personal news stories, while in­teracting with other users regarding issues related to the perceived crisis. As a result, news content posted on social networks is of crucial importance since it can affect public opinion in various ways. The aim of this study is to as­sess dominant narratives generated through users’ reactions towards news content posted on Facebook so as to examine the role of Facebook during the global crisis of COVID-19. Drawing from different aspects of crisis commu­nication theory and audience-centered studies, this work seeks to investigate the constructed meanings related to this crisis and interpret users’ under­standing of news content posted on social networks. Content analysis is employed as a means to evaluate Face­book’s potential in (re)defining users’ narratives regarding issues related to COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, Facebook, crisis, users’ narratives, news stories.
The Health Crisis on Instagram: How the Media Are Building Their Agenda on the Visual Social Network During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Laferrara Valentina , Justel-Vázquez Santiago
Published: February 2021

Over the last decade social networks have become important channels for the media to publish information and communicate with their younger audi­ences, with Instagram recently becom­ing the most popular platform for this purpose. This article is an investigation into news production on this social net­work in the context of the international crisis generated by the COVID-19 pan­demic, by means of a content analysis of 552 posts published by the two most widely read Spanish newspapers. The results suggest that despite there being a large quantity of soft content and hu­man-interest stories, as found in previ­ous research, Instagram is also used as a platform to distribute information of public interest about the management of the crisis (such as political decisions and health content). Keywords: social networks, Instagram, journalism, COVID-19, agenda.
The Imaginary of an Invisible Enemy: The SARS-CoV-2 Virion on the Spanish TV News
Authors: Jiménez-Gómez Isidro , López-Díez Jaime , Bonales-Daimiel Gema
Published: February 2021

During epidemiological crises, tradi­tional media have played an essential informational role. In this paper we analyze the imaginary of COVID-19 and, specifically, of the representa­tion of the virion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through news reports from the main Spanish TV channels. This virion, represented as an “invisible enemy” that has confined half of the world population, is presented in the news using 3D illustrations that highlight its roughened surface and elongated spikes ending in tentacles, an image that does not cor-respond to scientific illustrations. These and other attributes suggest that the imaginary of COV­ID-19 has inherited the imaginary of other previous episodes of coronavirus­es being not scientifically accurate but motivated by the journalistic objective of representing the main characteris­tics of the virus and the severity of the danger. Keywords: visual communication, health risk communication, television news, COVID-19, pandemic.
US Nationwide Coronavirus Newspaper Coverage of Federal/National Government Responses: Community Structure Theory and a “Violated Buffer”
Authors: Pollock John C. , Govindarajan Suchir , Marta Alexis , Sparano James N.
Published: February 2021

Community structure analysis (Pollock, 2007, 2013a, 2015) compared city characteristics and newspaper coverage of federal/Trump administration coro­navirus responses in 18 major US cities, sampling all 250+ word articles from 01/28/20 to 04/03/20. The resulting 123 articles were coded for “promi­nence” and “direction” (favorable/un­favorable/balanced-neutral coverage), then combined into each newspaper’s composite “Media Vector” (range= 0.3850 to -0.6433, or 1.033). Fifteen of 18 newspapers (83%) displayed negative coverage of federal COVID-19 responses. Pearson correlations and regression analysis confirmed a robust “violated buffer” pattern (higher proportions of economically/socially “buffered” privi­leged groups are associated with neg­ative coverage of “biological threats or threats to a cherished way of life”: Pollock, 2007: 101), manifest in polit­ical and religious polarization and links between health access or generational privilege and negative coverage of feder­al COVID-19 actions. Higher proportions voting Democratic or Catholic member­ship in cities were associated strongly with negative coverage of federal efforts, while voting Republican and Evangelical membership accompanied positive feder­al coverage, evoking nationwide partisan “tribalism”. Privileged healthcare access (physicians/100,000, municipal health­care spending) and economically “privi­leged” age groups 45-64 and 65+ were all connected to negative coverage of federal COVID-19 responses, illuminat­ing overall “violated” expectations that the national government is responsible for nationwide disaster protection. Keywords: COVID-19, community struc­ture theory, newspapers, government, media.
Transmedia Context and Twitter As Conditioning the Ecuadorian Government’s Action. The Case of the “Guayaquil Emergency” During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Luque Arturo , Maniglio Francesco , Casado Fernando , García-Guerrero Jorge
Published: February 2021

Communication ecosystems have mul­tiplexed and increased their capacity to act, distort, and fight. COVID-19 pan­demic and the response of the Ecuado­rian Government to it are clear exam­ples of the power of media to erode, to influence, and also to produce fake news. In this context, Twitter has be­come more than just a social plat­form, as it helped spread catastrophic pictures of the country, especially of Guayaquil. This article analyzes the tweets posted by the main domestic and global media and by the Ecuadori­an government accounts since the out­break of the pandemic in Ecuador, as well as the interrelations among them and their polarity score. The aim is to show how the government changed its action plan by focusing on exogenous elements that had been excluded from its (pre)established strategy, which consisted in neglecting and deliberate­ly minimizing a situation that turned out to be more serious than officially deemed and that was exposed by un­official global media. Keywords: Twitter, social network, mass media, impact, COVID-19, Ecuador.
Fact-Checking, a Public Service Value in the Face of the Hoaxes of the Healthcare Crisis
Authors: Ufarte-Ruiz María José , Galletero-Campos Belén , López-Cepeda Ana María
Published: February 2021

The dissemination of fake news is an increasing issue in the media ecosys­tem, which has worsened with the current healthcare crisis. Pandemic-re­lated hoaxes challenge media, which have not hesitated to implement dif­ferent plans to combat these contents. The objective of this research is to ana­lyse the structure, make-up and proce­dures of fact-checking units that have been created in the newsrooms of the public service media (PSM) in Spain to refute false and unreliable information related to coronavirus. Two initiatives were studied: RTVE Verifica, belonging to the Spanish Radio and Television Corporation, and Coronabulos, from the public entity of the Basque govern­ment, EiTB. The method used is based on case studies, web content analysis and in-depth semi-structured inter­views with those responsible for these departments. Such a triangulation of techniques has allowed us to draw conclusions and provide interesting ex­amples to the research. The results re­veal that these sections use traditional techniques and technological applica­tions to verify content related mainly to healthcare and pseudoscientific infor­mation, which are published on corpo­rate websites and social media. Keywords: hoaxes, coronavirus, healthcare crisis, fact-checking, public service media.
New Crossroads in Managing Strategic Diplomacy to Advocate the UN-SDGs
Authors: Ordeix Enric , Gregory Payne James , Micó-Sanz Josep-Lluís
Published: February 2021

Introduction
Using Social Media to Motivate Anti-migration Sentiments. Political Implications in the United States and Beyond
Authors: Nicasio Varea Blanca , Pérez Gabaldón Marta , Chavez Manuel
Published: February 2021

The proliferation of nationalist and nativist movements all over the world has capitalized on the broad impact of social media, especially on Twitter. In the case of the United States, as candidate and then as President, Donald Trump initiated an active use of Twitter to disseminate his views on migration and migrants. This paper analyzes the themes and the political implications of his tweets from Trump’s electoral win to the end of the first year of his presidency. The authors’ assumptions are that Trump’s rhetoric untapped a collective sentiment against migration as well as one which supported views to protect migrant communities. The findings show that some topics were retweeted massively fueling the perceptions that most Americans were against migrant communities and their protectors.
We conducted content analysis of the tweets sent by President Trump during his first year in the White House. We used the personal account of Trump in Twitter @realDonaldTrump. Trump has used his personal account as a policy and political media instrument to convey his messages rather than to use the official account that all Presidents have traditionally used @POTUS. Since Trump ran on a nativist platform with strong negative sentiments against migrants and immigration in general, we examined the tweets that relate to these topics.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MODAL DAN UTANG TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (STUDI KASUS PT. MAULANA MITRA MEDIA)
Authors: Ferawati Ferawati , Pardila  , Kasirul Fadli
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh Modal dan Utang terhadap profitabilitas di PT. Maulana Mitra Media secara parsial dan simultan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sebanyak 36 sampel penelitian dalam rentang waktu 3 tahun (2016-2018). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode positifisme. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model analisis regresi linear berganda yang dilakukan dengan bantuan program komputer SPSS versi 25 for windows.

Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa modal berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 5,728 lebih besar dari t tabel 1,688 dan signifikan sebesar 0,00< dari tingkat yang diisyaratkan yaitu 0,05. Hasil uji  utang tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai  t hitung sebesar -3,207 lebih kecil dari t tabel sebesar 1,688 dan signifikan 0,003 < dari tingkat signifikan yang diisyaratkan yaitu 0,05. Secara simultan modal dan Utangsecara simultan berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dibuktikan dengan F hitung sebesar 17.097 lebih besar dari F tabel sebesar 3,259 dan signifikan sebesar 0,00 < dari tingkat signifikasi yang diisyaratkan yaitu 0,005

Kata Kunci : Modal, Utang dan Profitabilitas
ANALISIS PENGARUH REALISASI PENERIMAAN BEA MASUK TERHADAP TARGET PENERIMAAN BEA MASUK (PADA KANTOR PENGAWASAN DAN PELAYANAN BEA CUKAI TIPE MADYA B TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN PERIODE 2017-2019)
Authors: Haqiqi Fauzan , Santika Mira , Yusmalina
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui realisasi penerimanaan bea masuk terhadap target penerimaan bea masuk Pada Kantor Pengawasan dan Pelayanan Bea dan Cukai Tipe Madya B Tanjung Balai Karimun Tahun 2017-2019. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian adalah target penerimaan bea masuk  sedangkan dalam  variabel independen penelitian ini adalah realisasi penerimaaan bea masuk.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah data laporan realisasi 3 tahun penerimaan bea masuk dan target penerimaan bea masuk tahun 2017-2019 yang berjumlah 36 data, dengan sampel berjumlah 33 data sampel penelitian. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana, uji asumsi klasik (normalitas dan heteroskedastisitas), hipotesisuji t (uji signifikan secara parsial) dan uji koefisien determinasi R2.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel realisasi penerimaan bea masuk (X) mempunyai pengaruh yang tidak terlalu signifikan terhadap variabel target penerimaan bea masuk (Y) dimana diperoleh hasil uji t thitung 2,048 > ttabel 2.039 yang demikian H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.
METODOLOGI NORMATIF DAN EMPIRIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF ILMU HUKUM
Authors: Nurhayati Yati , Ifrani Ifrani , Said M. Yasir
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik metode penelitian hukum normatif serta empiris dan kapan penggunaanya dalam sebuah penelitian hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode penelitian normatif, metode ini dipilih karena obyek kajian penelitian adalah mengenai asas dan prinsip hukum, kaidah hukum, teori dan doktrin hukum dari para ahli hukum. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Penelitian normatif (doktrinal), yaitu penelitian terhadap hukum yang dikonsepkan dan dikembangkan atas dasar doktrin. Metode ini dimaknai sebagai penelitian hukum dalam tataran norma, kaidah, asas-asas, teori, filosofi, dan aturan hukum guna mencari solusi atau jawaban atas permasalahan baik dalam bentuk kekosongan hukum, konflik norma, atau kekaburan norma. Sedangkan Penelitian hukum empiris merupakan penelitian berkarakteristik non-doktrinal yang dilakukan melalui penelitian lapangan. Dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan data yang kemudian diolah sesuai dengan teknik analisis yang dipakai yang dituangkan dalam bentuk deskriptif guna memperoleh keadaan sebenarnya dari hukum sebagai kenyataan sosial.
HAK CIPTA DANCE CHALLENGE YANG DIUNGGAH KE APLIKASI TIKTOK
Authors: Saputra M. Febry
Published: February 2021

Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, pertama, bagaimana sistem perlindungan hukum bagi pemilik video Dance Challenge yang diunggah ke aplikasi TikTok. Kedua, bagaimana cara pembuktian pemilik Hak Cipta bagi pengunggah video Dance Challenge di aplikasi TikTok. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode penelitian normatif (Normative Legal Research), yaitu penelitian hukum kepustakaan yang mengacu pada norma hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dengan cara mengkaji masalah menggunakan literature baik Undang-Undang, doktrin, atau buku dan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pengguna yang membuat konten video Dance Challenge pada aplikasi TikTok sudah dipandang sebagai Pencipta dan sudah dilindungi sebagai pemegang Hak Cipta atas karya sinematografinya tersebut, dengan berpegang pada Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Apabila konten video Dance Challenge pada aplikasi TikTok diunggah pihak lain dengan maksud penggunaan secara komersial tanpa hak dan/atau izin pencipta atau pemegang hak cipta maka pelaku dapat dijerat dengan hukuman pidana yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Tidak ada yang berbeda dalam proses, prosedur dalam tata cara mengajukan gugatan pelanggaran Hak Cipta terkait video Dance Challenge pada aplikasi TikTok baik yang sudah dicatatkan di Direktorat Jenderal Hak Kekayaan Intelektual ataupun yang belum dicatatkan dan diselesaikan melalui Arbitrase atau Pengadilan Niaga
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI GURU YANG MEMBERIKAN SANKSI FISIK DALAM BATAS WAJAR TERHADAP PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Gazali Ahmad
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian hukum ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan hukum terhadap perlindungan hukum bagi guru dalam memberikan sanksi fisik dalam batas wajar terhadap peserta didik dan untuk mengetahui dampak dari kasus-kasus pidana yang menjerat profesi guru ketika melaksanakan tugas profesinya terhadap para guru dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yuridis sosiologis, dengan mengumpulkan data primer dan data sekunder terkait perlindungan hukum bagi guru dalam memberikan sanksi fisik dalam batas wajar, selanjutnya diidentifikasi, dianalisa dan diolah secara deskriptif kualitatif. Menurut hasil penelitian hukum ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, menegenai perlindungan hukum bagi guru dalam memberikan sanksi fisik dalam batas wajar terhadap peserta didik dalam pengaturannya sudah sangat baik terbukti dari banyaknya peraturan perundang-undangan serta aturan hukum lain yang telah disahkan, hanya saja dalam penerapannya dirasa masih sangat kurang mengingat masih banyak guru kasus-kasus hukum yang mendera guru. Kedua, kasus-kasus pidana yang menjerat profesi guru dalam melaksanakan tugas profesinya menimbulkan berbagai dampak terhadap guru dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya, diantaranya: rasa takut dan kekhawatiran akan dipolisikan manakala memberi tindakan kedisiplinan kepada peserta didik, sikap acuh terhadap perbuatan salah atau pelanggaran norma yang dilakukan peserta didik, serta kriminalisasi dan deskriminasi yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik maupun orang tua peserta didik yang mana menurunkan keprofesionalan dari guru sehingga kurang optimalnya kinerja guru dalam peran mendidik para penurus bangsa sehingga tidak tercapai dari tujuan pendidikan nasional.
Surface representation impacts on turbulent heat ﬂuxes in WRF
(v.4.1.3)
Authors: Román-Cascón Carlos , Lothon Marie , Lohou Fabienne , Hartogensis Oscar , Vila-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Pino David , Yagüe Carlos , Pardyjak Eric R.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The water and energy transfers at the interface between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere should be correctly simulated in numerical weather and climate models. This implies the need for a realistic and accurate representation of land cover (LC), including appropriate parameters for each vegetation type. In some cases, the lack of information and crude representation of the surface leads to errors in the simulation of soil and atmospheric variables. This work investigates the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to simulate surface heat fluxes in a heterogeneous area of southern France, using several possibilities for the surface representation. In the control experiments, we used the default LC database in WRF, which differed significantly from the actual LC. In addition, sub-grid variability was not taken into account since the model uses, by default, only the surface information from the dominant LC category in each pixel (dominant approach). To improve this surface simplification, we designed three new interconnected numerical experiments with four widely-used land-surface models (LSMs) in WRF. The first one consisted of using a more realistic and higher-resolution LC dataset over the area of analysis. The second experiment aimed at investigating the effect of using a mosaic approach, where 30-m sub-grid surface information was used to calculate the final grid fluxes, based on weighted averages from values obtained for each LC category. Finally, in the third experiment, we increased the model stomatal conductance for conifer forests, due to the large fluxes errors associated with this vegetation type in some LSMs. The simulations were evaluated with gridded area-averaged fluxes calculated from five tower measurements obtained during the Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence (BLLAST) field campaign. The results from the experiments differed depending on the LSM and displayed a high dependency of the simulated fluxes on the specific LC definition within the grid cell, an effect that was enhanced with the dominant approach. The simulation of the fluxes improved using the more realistic LC dataset except for the LSMs that included extreme surface parameters for the coniferous forest. The mosaic approach produced fluxes more similar to reality and served to improve, especially, the latent heat flux simulation of each grid cell. Therefore, our findings stress the need to include an accurate surface representation in the model, including soil and vegetation sub-grid information with updated surface parameters for some vegetation types, as well as seasonal and man-made changes. This will improve the modelled heat fluxes and ultimately yield more realistic atmospheric processes in the model.
Global contributions of mesoscale dynamics to meridional heat
transport
Authors: Delman Andrew , Lee Tong
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Mesoscale ocean processes are prevalent in many parts of the global oceans, and may contribute substantially to the meridional movement of heat. Yet earlier global surveys of meridional heat transport (MHT) have not formally distinguished between mesoscale and large-scale contributions, or have defined eddy contributions based on temporal rather than spatial characteristics. This work uses spatial filtering methods to separate large-scale (gyre and planetary wave) contributions from mesoscale (eddy, recirculation, and tropical instability wave) contributions to MHT by extending beyond a previous effort for the North Atlantic Ocean. Overall, mesoscale temperature fluxes produce a net poleward MHT at mid-latitudes and equatorward MHT in the tropics, thereby resulting in a net divergence of heat from the subtropics. Mesoscale temperature fluxes are often concentrated near the energetic currents at western boundaries, and the temperature difference between the boundary current and its recirculation determines the direction of the mesoscale temperature flux. The mesoscale contribution to MHT yields substantially different results from temporally-based eddy contributions to MHT, with the latter contributed substantially by gyre and planetary wave motions at low latitudes. Mesoscale temperature fluxes contribute the most to interannual and decadal variability of MHT in the Southern Ocean, the tropical Indo-Pacific, and the North Atlantic. Surface eddy kinetic energy (EKE) is not a good proxy for mesoscale temperature flux variability in regions with the highest time-mean EKE, though it does explain much of the temperature flux variability in regions of modest time-mean EKE. This approach to quantifying mesoscale fluxes can be used to improve parameterizations of mesoscale effects in coarse-resolution models, and assess regional impacts of mesoscale eddies and recirculations on tracer fluxes.
Arqueoloxía e procesos memoriais da guerrilla antifranquista nos montes de Casaio (Carballeda de Valdeorras, Ourense)
Authors: Tejerizo-García Carlos , Rodríguez Gutiérrez Alejandro , Álvarez Cobian Olalla
Published: February 2021

Os montes de Casaio, no noreste da provincia de Ourense, convertéronse nos anos 40 e 50 do pasado século nun dos centros fundamentais de articulación da guerrilla antifranquista. Desde o ano 2016 levamos a cabo un proxecto de análise histórica e arqueolóxica da coñecida como Cidade da Selva, un conxunto de campamentos que a guerrilla instalou nestes montes e un punto nodal da Federación de Guerrillas de León-Galicia. Paralelamente, desenvolveuse un proxecto antropolóxico co obxectivo de analizar os procesos de construción da memoria nas comunidades locais da zona en relación á violencia, represión e resistencia do fenómeno guerrilleiro. Neste traballo presentamos os primeiros resultados e reflexións deste proxecto. Preséntanse varios exemplos de procesos memoriais cuxa ligazón común é a vinculación entre memoria e materialidade. Ademais, desde esta proposta, confrontarase o concepto de memoria que se desenvolveu académica e socialmente desde a coñecida como Lei da Memoria Histórica.
La inserción laboral de los solicitantes de asilo en la Región de Murcia
Authors: Dricot Marine , Boussif Imad
Published: February 2021

La Ley española de derecho de asilo y protección subsidiaria garantiza el acceso al empleo y a los programas de formación profesional a todos los Solicitantes y Beneficiarios de Protección Internacional (SBPI) bajo las mismas condiciones que los nacionales. Este artículo ofrece un análisis documental cuantitativo, así como un trabajo de campo mediante entrevistas en profundidad a los principales protagonistas: SBPI procedentes de Siria, Venezuela y Camerún. Como resultado, se expone la situación de inserción laboral de este colectivo en la Región de Murcia. El estudio, asimismo, concluye proponiendo una mejora del procedimiento legal de inserción laboral, reforzando la idea de que la integración de los SBPI y refugiados en el mercado de trabajo es fundamental para generar una sociedad de acogida cada vez más inclusiva.
Hacia una individualización de la política en redes
Authors: Córdoba Ana María
Published: February 2021

Este editorial busca reflexionar sobre las posturas que se abren a propósito de lo político en la era de las redes sociales. Si bien esta es una discusión que ha estado sobre la mesa desde hace tiempo en el campo de la comunicación y la ciencia política, la reflexión ha tendido hacia un maniqueísmo que ha puesto el problema en los viejos términos de apocalípticos e integrados. Lo que tratamos de proponer aquí es la idea de que, si se quiere avanzar en la investigación social en ese maridaje entre la participación política y la cultura digital, es necesario dar un paso adelante y superar el debate que han sostenido por décadas los ciberoptimistas y los ciberpesimistas.
Picking the Right Arrow for the Target: Modelling the Economic Impact of Remittance on Agribusinesss Entreprenuership and Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Salifu Gamel Abdul-Nasser
Published: February 2021

The consequences of conflictual views on modelling the economic impact of remittances on agribusiness entrepreneurship and economic growth, has been present for a long time in the economic literature, albeit in a somewhat scattered way. This has attracted wide-spread criticism for agribusiness inititaives and its failure to address rural unemployment within the context of youth participation in the global food markets. This paper provides a summary of the global evidence published in the thematic area of international migration-remittance and sustainable development with emphasis on the financialisation impact of remittance on agribusiness entreprenuership and economic growth. The paper selectively reviews over 100 documented cases that offer insights into the methodological approaches for empirical modelling of remittance studies around the world. The paper bridges different stands of literature in economic and business management sciences and exemplifies the new complementaries between remittance, agribusiness and supply chain developments. Much as the paper advances no particular theory for modelling the economic impact of remittances on agribusiness entreprenuership and growth, it clearly offers insights into picking the appropriate methodological approaches for empirical estimation of the net effects of remittances on agribusiness entrepreneurship and rural youth employment in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The paper pinpoints ample evidence and brings a case for use of randomized experimentation approaches in Sub-Saharan Africa prone to the vagaries of weather- shocks and climate change. The paper further elaborates the nexus between remittance and contemporary development themes of poverty reduction and inequality, investment and savings, labour supply participation and economic growth. The experimental evidence reported around the globe showed that remittances have positive effects on poverty reduction but negative ramifications for labour supply, education, and economic growth. The analysis made a startling discovery which demonstrated that although, remittances reduced labour supply participation in developing economies; it significantly increased consumption of luxury goods in migrant households and made no positive contribution whatsoever to economic growth. This sorepoint courts new attention on resolution of the dilemma of remittance on economic welfare and advances an immediate redress of the emerging crises of methodological misuse in Development economics. Specifically the paper finds penalties with choice of methodological approaches for modelling the economic impacts of remitance on agribusiness entrepreneurship and economic welfare and advocated the inculcation of political economy perspectives in order to intergrate the multidimensionality of the complicated linkages of remittance to agribusiness entrepreneurship, rural youth employment and sustainable economic growth.
Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe: Determinants, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Barugahara Florence
Published: February 2021

Financial inclusion is a highly topical issue for policymakers since inclusive finance is viewed as a channel of social and economic development. Therefore, this paper seeks to ascertain and examine the determinants, challenges, and opportunities for financial inclusion in Zimbabwe. The research is done by examining existing literature and estimating Logit and Probit models. This paper finds that, the major determinants of financial inclusion in Zimbabwe are; gender, age, education, income levels, employment status, the cost of financial services, account opening requirements, and level of trust in the financial system. Challenges to financial inclusion in Zimbabwe include; financial illiteracy, lack of formal identification documents, lack of trust in the financial system, fragile economy, rural poor and gender inequality, and high transaction costs of financial services. However, mobile money services such as Eco-cash, Tel-cash, and One-money have proved an opportunity for inclusive finance in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the establishment of the women’s Bank of Zimbabwe is one of the strategies to enhance inclusive finance for women in Zimbabwe. The simplified KYC requirements for low-income groups and the financial inclusion strategy commissioned by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe are hoped to promote financial inclusion. This paper recommended that to make finance inclusive, the government should develop policies that target marginalized groups such as the elderly, rural population, low-income earners, females, and the unemployed. The government should also develop a strong consumer protection regulatory framework, promote financial literacy, reduce the transaction cost of financial services and encourage the use of accounts with simplified KYC requirements to ease documentation needs.
Electronic Educational Resources for Teaching Ukrainian as a Second Language
Authors: Marchenko Nataliia Viktorivna , Yuzkiv Halyna I. , Ivanenko Iryna M. , Khomova Olena M. , Yanchytska Kateryna M.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the effective electronic resources used in teaching Ukrainian as a second language. The authors highlight informational, educational, and controlling resources. Using electronic resources in the Ukrainian language teaching and learning process facilitates the development of an active vocabulary and critical thinking of the international students, lexical and linguistic competence, intensive study of phonetics, spelling, grammatical features of the language, and the diversity of the educational process. The significant effect of these resources in learning a foreign language is related to digitization and how it has affected the modern young generation, who cannot imagine their lives without varieties of gadgets. Mobile applications, which can be downloaded to any device, are designed for students to learn the lexical minimum, develop the correct pronunciation, improve their spelling and vocabulary, and practice making sentences. At the same time, the use of electronic resources when studying Ukrainian as a second language requires the students to be thoroughly self-organized and motivated. They are programmed only to reproduce a certain lexical or grammatical field, have no student-teacher or student-student feedback, aimed at checking the level of knowledge assimilation at a certain stage. Electronic resources should be used, under the control of a teacher, as a simulator for mastering the lexical minimum and grammar. These resources cannot replace communicative situations and speech cases, during which students actively use vocabulary and master speech constructions, and thus acquire lexical competence.
Symmetries of Sasakian Generalized Sasakian-Space-Form Admitting Generalized Tanaka–Webster Connection
Authors: Lalmalsawma Chawngthu , Singh Jay Prakash
Published: February 2021

The object of this paper is to study symmetric properties of Sasakian generalized Sasakian-space-form with respect to generalized Tanaka–Webster connection. We studied semisymmetry and Ricci semisymmetry of Sasakian generalized Sasakian-space-form with respect to generalized Tanaka–Webster connection. Further we obtain results for Ricci pseudosymmetric and Ricci-generalized pseudosymmetric Sasakian generalized Sasakian-space-form.
Characterization of a New Family of Distribution Through Upper Record Values
Authors: Khan Md. Izhar
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a new class of distribution has been characterized through the condi- tional expectations, conditioned on a non-adjacent upper record value. Also an equivalence between the unconditional and conditional expectation is used to characterize the new class of distribution.
P53-Mdm2 Loop Stability and Oscillatory Dynamics with Mdm2-Induced Delay Effect in P53
Authors: Baba Mohd Younus , Saleem Mohammad , Raheem Abdur
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we consider P53-Mdm2 negative feedback loop supposed to be the core circuit of genome. We study stability and the oscillatory dynamics of the loop. Many of the studies modeled this loop by delay-differential equations with P53-induced transcrip- tional delay in the production of Mdm2. We, however, highlight the importance of Mdm2- induced delay in the degradation of P53 protein. We consider two forms of P53 protein i.e., plain P53 and active P53 along with its principal antagonist protein Mdm2 to formulate a minimal model. Active P53 finds its inclusion in the loop in the presence of DNA damage represented by a Boolean variable ‘s’. The analysis of the model provides thresholds on delays using Nyquist criterion such that delays in the degradation of P53 lower than these thresholds guarantee stability of the loop in that all proteins plain P53, active P53 and Mdm2 approach to stable equilibrium state. The oscillatory dynamics in proteins, if any, would exist beyond these thresholds.
Natursti i naturfag på videregående skole: En studie av postene og elevenes erfaringer fra en natursti om radioaktivitet og stråling
Authors: Iversen Elisabeth
Published: February 2021

This article explores how a nature trail can be used as an approach in science education at an uppersecondarylevel in Norway. The topic of the trail is radioactivity and radiation. The article illuminatesobstacles and possibilities connected to the trail’s posts, how the students experience the posts, and whattakes place during the transport between posts. This inspires how the nature trail can be redesigned. Thefindings point to that the assignments given in the posts are typically closed questions that to a smalldegree are related to phenomena at the location. Video observations show that student groups meeteach other, and they help each other with the questions. The student group followed in this article, usesapproximately half of the time available for walking between posts. This is regarded as unused potentialfor learning. The redesign is based on didactical reconsiderations consisting of seven questions that canbe adapted to other contexts. The contributions of this article are knowledge and experiences concerninga nature trail in science, which is an unexplored area within the field of outdoor education pedagogy.
Barns frågor under en utforskande process kring träd
Authors: Halvars Bodil
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is to scrutinize children´s meaning-making in a tree-project during one year in apreschool class. The purpose with this article is to shed light on what happens in children’s encounterswith the trees and how an exploratory approach might encompass children’s own questions and workingtheories.By mapping the children´s explorative process from the Deluzian concept learning as a relational fieldof potentiality (Dahlberg & Elfström, 2014), the connections are identified and analyzed. The data hasbeen generated through ethnographical methods: participant observations, focus groups and stimulatedrecall. The children’s aesthetic works and the concluding exhibition with additional walks are also part ofthe data generating.The mapping of the tree-project makes the meaning-making visible, where the children’s questions centeron complex issues with further connections to ecological issues and sustainability. The driving force of theproject is the questions that the children pose, while the pedagogues support their explorations in orderto deepen and develop the learning possibilities.
‘The brain needs nutrition’: pupils’ connections between organizational levels
Authors: Jahic Pettersson Alma , A.E. Tibell Lena , Löfgren Ragnhild
Published: February 2021

Previous research suggests that connecting organizational levels of biological systems is challenging forpupils. In the present study we investigated 122 pupils’ written responses to a question in a national biologytest concerning how nutrient molecules are adsorbed by the small intestine and transported to thebrain. We aimed to investigate what awareness the pupils have of the connection between the digestiveand circulatory systems. We mapped the pupil’s expressed knowledge by using content analysis whichwas performed in five steps including connection between the systems, organizational levels and scientificexplanations. We found that the most correct descriptions contained the highest number of connectionsbetween the digestive and the circulatory systems and linking of the different organizational levels. Themost correct descriptions included the highest proportion of the meso level. Therefore, knowledge at themeso level seems to be essential for grasping connections between macro- and submicro-level processes,and connections of digestion and circulation systems.
Regional Coalescence or Further Regionalization?
Authors: Zavodny Emily
Published: February 2021

Prehistoric cultural and sociopolitical development in the mountainous region of Lika, Croatia, is still poorly understood, despite over a century of archaeological excavations. Traditional cultural-historical narratives based on grave good typologies suggest that a unified regional culture, the Iapodes, emerged at the end of the Bronze Age and rapidly expanded across the area. This interpretation, however, has yet to be systematically tested. To better identify and understand to the potential processes of identity formation during this period, this article analyzes mortuary contexts and assemblages as proxies for changing relationships between communities and possible materialization of a shared group identity. Results suggest clear but uneven momentum toward standardized burial practice among groups in neighboring valleys, implying that the creation of a true Iapodian group identity likely took longer than previously thought.

Unatoč više od stoljeća arheoloških iskopavanja, stupanj istraženosti kulturnog i društveno-političkog razvoja prapovijesnih zajednica u hrvatskoj planinskoj regiji Lici još uvijek je skroman. Po uvriježenom kulturno-povijesnom tumačenju, temeljenom na tipologijama nalaza iz grobova, Japodi su se, kao jedinstvena regionalna kulturna grupa, pojavili na kraju brončanog doba, te su se vrlo brzo proširili područjem Like. Ovakvu interpretaciju, međutim, tek treba sustavno preispitati. S ciljem boljeg utvrđivanja i razumijevanja potencijalnih procesa formiranja identiteta tijekom ovog razdoblja, u ovom su radu analizirani grobni konteksti i pripadajući skupovi nalaza koji su odraz promjenjivih odnosa među zajednicama, kao i moguće materijalizacije zajedničkog grupnog identiteta. Rezultati analize ukazuju na jasnu, premda neujednačenu težnju ka standardizaciji pogrebne prakse između zajednica susjednih dolina, što sugerira da je proces formiranja pravog japodskog grupnog identiteta vjerojatno trajao duže nego što se pretpostavljalo.
Duration Estimation Models for Open Source Software Projects
Authors:   Faculty of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, Maroua, P.O. Box 46, Cameroon, Moulla Donatien Koulla , Abran Alain , Kolyang
Published: February 2021

For software organizations that rely on Open Source Software (OSS) to develop customer solutions and products, it is essential to accurately estimate how long it will take to deliver the expected functionalities. While OSS is supported by government policies around the world, most of the research on software project estimation has focused on conventional projects with commercial licenses. OSS effort estimation is challenging since OSS participants do not record effort data in OSS repositories. However, OSS data repositories contain dates of the participants’ contributions and these can be used for duration estimation. This study analyses historical data on WordPress and Swift projects to estimate OSS project duration using either commits or lines of code (LOC) as the independent variable. This study proposes first an improved classification of contributors based on the number of active days for each contributor in the development period of a release. For the WordPress and Swift OSS projects environments the results indicate that duration estimation models using the number of commits as the independent variable perform better than those using LOC. The estimation model for full-time contributors gives an estimate of the total duration, while the models with part-time and occasional contributors lead to better estimates of projects duration with both for the commits data and the lines of data.
Snapshot: Gabrielle Suchon
Authors: Paine Rachel ,   TPM: The Philosophers' Magazine
Published: February 2021

Gabrielle Suchon lived a uniquely solitary life. She joined no salons, although her position as minor nobility would not have barred her; there is no evidence of correspondence with other intellectuals of the time, a practice engaged in as a means of disseminating and developing ideas, and, remaining single, she did not have access to the intellectually stimulating social life a husband might have provided, as did other women of her class in the seventeenth century. Despite this apparent isolation from the cultural community, she had access to libraries and her two 600-page treatises were masterpieces of philosophical erudition, reflecting not only an extensive appreciation of ancient philosophy but also the ability to produce a finely-detailed analysis of the social norms of her time.
Delivering Human Papillomavirus Testing to the Public: One Patient Advocate's Perspective
Authors: Roach Nancy
Published: February 2021

The availability of tests for human papillomavirus (HPV) will lead to increased use of HPV testing as part of cervical cancer screening. To reap the full benefit of HPV testing, that is, benefits both to the women being screened and to the medical system, a systematic public and provider education effort should be undertaken. Key elements of this effort are widely accepted guidelines, clear messages, development of partnerships, and strong leadership from the professional and patient communities. Lessons learned in other public health efforts, such as colorectal cancer screening and human immunodeficiency virus prevention, may be applicable to an HPV education effort.