bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN MELALUI DANA DESA
Authors: Samsul Kristianus , Adiwidjaja Ignatius
Published: May 2021

Abstrak: Undang-undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa merupakan sebagai salah satu bentuk kebijakan pembangunan dari pemerintah dalam rangka mempercepat proses pembangunan yang di atur secara teknis dalam Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 20 Tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan informan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah Desa, Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dan Masyarakat. pengambilan sampel secara Purposife Sampling. Untuk menguji keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Melalui Dana Desa” di Desa Waturejo, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang menunjukkan pada kriteria baik. implementasi kebijakan pembangunan diatas sudah bisa memaksimalkan pelayanan pemerintah Desa kepada masyarakat, Namun belum terlalu berpengaruh terhadap taraf hidup masyarakat secara berkeadilan. Dalam implementasi kebijakan pembangunan bidang pemberdayaan masyarakat mengenai pelatihan perangkat Desa dan keterampilan masyarakat terdapat kendala sebagai bagian dari faktor penghambat yakni: Sumber daya manusia, sikap apatis, serta jarang ada kondisi komunikasi dan kordinasi yang sempurna antara stake holder di Desa.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi; Kebijakan Pembangunan; Dana Desa

Abstract: Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages is one form of development policy from the government in order to accelerate the development process that is technically set in the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 20 of 2018. The type of research used is the type of qualitative research using data collection techniques. through interviews, observations, and documentation. While the informants in this study are the Village Government, the Village Consultative Body and the Community. Purposife Sampling sampling. To test the validity of the data, researchers used triangulation techniques. Data analysis was performed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. "Implementation of Development Policy Through Village Funds" in Waturejo Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency shows good criteria. The implementation of the development policy above has been able to maximize the services of the village government to the community, but it has not been too influential on the standard of living of the community in a just manner. In implementing development policies in the field of community empowerment regarding training of village officials and community skills there are obstacles as part of the inhibiting factors namely: human resources, apathy, and rarely have perfect communication and coordination conditions between stake holders in the village.

Keywords: Implementation; Development Policy; Village Fund
KOMUNIKASI SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19: BELAJAR DARI KEGAGALAN KOMUNIKASI RISIKO KESEHATAN YANG EFEKTIF
Authors: Najih Aizun
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Governments around the world can learn many important lessons from examining instances of ineffective communication with the public during the global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) panic. Ineffective government communication has resulted in much confusion and misunderstanding of the public, as well as severe errors in responding to growing health threats, causing catastrophic health and social repercussions for society and prolonging the pandemic. This article uses systems theory as a framework for analyzing government communication during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing recommendations for the government to establish an effective health risk communication strategy. The communication strategy encourages the delivery of relevant, accurate and sensitive information to key public groups, minimizing communication disruptions to guide desired coordinated action. The communication strategy can be applied locally, nationally and internationally.Keywords: health risk communication, government communication, pandemic, strategic communication, systems theory.Abstrak. Pemerintah di seluruh dunia dapat mempelajari banyak pelajaran penting dari memeriksa contoh komunikasi yang tidak efektif dengan publik selama kepanikan penyakit virus corona global (COVID-19). Komunikasi pemerintah yang tidak efektif telah mengakibatkan banyak kebingungan dan kesalahpahaman publik, serta kesalahan serius dalam menanggapi ancaman kesehatan yang terus berkembang, dan menyebabkan bencana kesehatan dan dampak sosial bagi masyarakat dan memperpanjang pandemi. Artikel ini menggunakan teori sistem sebagai kerangka untuk menganalisis komunikasi pemerintah selama pandemi COVID-19, memberikan rekomendasi kepada pemerintah untuk menetapkan strategi komunikasi risiko kesehatan yang efektif. Strategi komunikasi mendorong penyampaian informasi yang relevan, akurat, dan sensitif kepada kelompok-kelompok publik utama, meminimalkan gangguan komunikasi untuk memandu tindakan terkoordinasi yang diinginkan. Strategi komunikasi dapat diterapkan secara lokal, nasional, dan internasional.Kata kunci: komunikasi risiko kesehatan, komunikasi pemerintah, pandemi, komunikasi strategis, teori sistem.
LIPID METABOLISM AND METABOLIC DISORDERS IN THE YAKUT POPULATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Sivtseva T. M. , Klimova T. M. , Ammosova E. P. , Zakharova R. N. , Osakovsky V. L.
Published: May 2021

Extreme climatic conditions of the North with low temperatures and the traditional diet are responsible for development of a specific mechanisms of lipid metabolism among the indigenous peoples of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. The evolutionary patterns of lipid metabolism fixed in the genome in the form of polymorphic genetic markers are important for the development of regional healthcare programs for prevention of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristic features of lipid metabolism and metabolic disorders in the Yakut population. A systematic review of the results of studies of lipid profile parameters and key candidate genes involved in lipid metabolism among the indigenous inhabitants of Yakutia over the past 10 years was performed. The available evidence suggests that in indigenous inhabitants of Yakutia, the indicators of lipid metabolism are not a matter for concern. Participants of the most studies have a high concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low concentrations of triglycerides and low plasma atherogenic index, which are associated with physiological adaptation to environmental conditions. However, changes in dietary patterns including increased consumption of carbohydrates and lifestyle changes including reduced physical activity and abandonment of traditional activities have led to the spread of metabolic disorders in recent decades. Prevalence estimates for the metabolic syndrome in the indigenous inhabitants of Yakutia aged 20 years or older vary from 4.9 % in men to 49.4 % in women in the Arctic regions. We also discuss the mechanisms of lipid metabolism and the role of LepR, LPL, CETP, IL6, PON1 genes in the development of metabolic disorders in the Yakut population.
SECULAR TRENDS IN ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS IN EASTERN SIBERIAN RURAL BURYAT ADOLESCENTS FROM 2003 TO 2018
Authors: Rychkova L. V. , Astakhova T. A. , Klimkina Yu. N. , Dolgikh O. A. , Pogodina A. V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Monitoring of physical development in children and adolescents is an important public health routine. Recent decades have been characterized by a substantial increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents, although little evidence from Eastern Siberia is available in international literature. Aim: To study anthropometric characteristics of rural Buryat adolescents in Eastern Siberia over a 15-years period using WH0-2007 reference population to ensure international comparability of the data. Methods: Altogether, 344 Buryat adolescents aged 14-17 years took part in cross-sectional studies in 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2018 in Bayandai, Irkutsk region, Eastern Siberia. Height and weight were measured. The Anthro Plus software was used to calculate Height-for-Age and BMI-for-age Z-scores. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, overweight and obesity was calculated. Numeric data were analyzed using unpaired t-tests while categorical variables were compared using chi-squared tests. Results: The prevalence of stunting increased from 5.1 % in 2003 to 13.5 % in 2018. The girls were the most affected. The overall prevalence of overweight increased from 7.7 % in 2003 to 17.7 % in 2018. While no associations between overweight and gender were observed, only 2.0 % of girls were overweight compared to 9.1 % of boys (p < 0.001). Conclusion. An increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity is in line with the global trend, although an increase in stunting among girls warrants further research. Urgent public health measures are warranted to reduce the prevalence of stunting and to prevent development of obesity in Buryat adolescents.
Огнестойкость центрифугированных железобетонных колонн
Authors: Palevoda Ivan I. , Nekhan' Denis S.
Published: May 2021

Цель. На основании экспериментальных и теоретических исследований изучить огнестойкость железобетонных колонн, изготовленных методом центрифугирования.

Методы. Экспериментально-теоретические исследования физико-механических и теплофизических характеристик центрифугированного бетона в нормальных условиях и при высокотемпературном нагреве. Натурные испытания центрифугированных железобетонных колонн под совместной температурно-силовой нагрузкой. Аналитическое решение теплотехнической и статической задач огнестойкости центрифугированных железобетонных колонн. Компьютерное моделирование на базе платформ Ansys Workbench и ЛИРА-САПР.

Результаты. Выявлено различие физико-механических характеристик центрифугированного бетона в поперечном сечении конструкций заданной толщины в нормальных условиях, а также различие в их относительном изменении при высокотемпературном нагреве. Установлены экспериментальные зависимости коэффициента условий работы центрифугированного бетона при пожаре. Экспериментальным путем установлена схема разрушения центрифугированных железобетонных колонн при пожаре, а также изучено их поведение при пожаре. Выявлена сниженная склонность центрифугированного бетона к хрупкому взрывообразному разрушению при пожаре по отношению к вибрированному бетону. Установлено влияние неоднородности центрифугированного бетона в поперечном сечении изделий, тонкостенности и воздушной полости изделий на их огнестойкость. Разработана методика расчета пределов огнестойкости центрифугированных железобетонных колонн. Разработан табличный метод оценки пределов огнестойкости серии центрифугированных железобетонных колонн.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при оценке пределов огнестойкости центрифугированных железобетонных колонн, а также при разработке изменений в технические нормативные правовые акты в области оценки огнестойкости железобетонных конструкций.
O ensino de Ciências Naturais na educação básica por meio de atividades lúdicas: Uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Jacinto Junior Silvio Gentil , Lucena Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de , Alves Daniela Ribeiro , Morais Selene Maia de
Published: May 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho é discorrer sobre as principais estratégias de ensino que vêm sendo utilizadas atualmente para promover uma melhora no rendimento de aprendizagem das ciências naturais (química, física e biologia), em alunos da educação básica: ensino fundamental e médio, em substituição a metodologia tradicional de ensino. Dessa forma, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica tratando das principais técnicas de ensino envolvendo as atividades lúdicas. Essas têm promovido uma melhora no aprendizado dos discentes, desenvolvendo a motivação para estudar, a inovação, a sociabilidade e permitindo que o aluno consiga internalizar as inter-relações entre essas disciplinas. Realizou-se ainda uma pesquisa bibliográfica considerando as contribuições de vários autores nas bases: Base Nacional Comum Curricular, Google Acadêmico, SciELO, Youtube, dentre outras, buscando a partir da argumentação destas evidenciar os benefícios dessas estratégias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos discentes. Os resultados demonstram que a utilização de músicas, jogos e peças teatrais promovem uma melhoria na aprendizagem discente e estimulam habilidades cognitivas que favorecem a sociabilidade, a motivação e despertam o interesse do aluno em relação ao conteúdo abordado em sala de aula. A partir dessa revisão, concluiu-se que é bastante efetiva a utilização da ludicidade em sala de aula no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem.
From Scampia to Rione Luzzatti: Marginality and its Language in the Age of Convergence
Authors: Segnini Elisa
Published: May 2021

In the age of convergence, bestselling novels have become parts of the phenomenon known as ‘branding’, and cultural production is highly conditioned by the mechanisms that regulate global markets. This article argues that if the contemporary global novel tends to render the plurilingual experience implicitly to ensure translatability, the use of dialect has become crucial for the construction of marginality on screen for products designed to travel internationally. By focusing on a case study grounded in the Italian context, a comparison between Roberto Saviano's Gomorra (2006), with its extensions in theatre, cinema, TV and fandom, and Elena Ferrante's tetralogy L'amica geniale (2011–2014), with its dramatized versions for radio, stage and television, it compares the intersection of language, space and power in recent examples of transmedia storytelling. Drawing on studies of multilingualism and marginality, the author addresses the following questions: how do linguistic strategies influence the portrayal of the urban periphery as a marginal, subaltern space? How does transmedia transposition relate to interlingual translation? Does the relation between fiction and the socio-linguistic reality represented change in the translation process? To what ends is dialect deployed in transnational productions designed for global reach, and what characterizes the reception by Italian and international audiences? A focus on transmedia adaptations, this article suggests, leads us to reconsider the paradigm of multilingualism in translation.
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET ROLLERİNE İLİŞKİN ALGILARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: NİTEL ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ÜNAL TOPRAK Filiz , TURAN Zekiye
Published: May 2021

Bu araştırma hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin görüşleri, tutumları ve bu tutumlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kalitatif yöntemin kullanıldığı tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki bir ilde yer alan bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören 82 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler kişisel bilgi formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.82 ±1.08 olup, %65.9’u kadın, %63.4’ü 3 ve üzeri kardeşe sahiptir. Öğrencilerin %68.3’ünün annesinin, %92.7’sinin babasının lise ve üzeri eğitime sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İçerik analizi sonucunda toplumsal cinsiyet algısı ile ilgili iki tema belirlenmiştir. İlk tema cinsiyet farklılıkları olup, bu tema altında kadın olma rolü ve erkek olma rolü alt temaları yer almaktadır. İkinci tema atasözü ve deyimlerde toplumsal cinsiyet algısıdır. Öğrenciler çoğunlukla kadın cinsiyeti için zor, yetersiz ve şiddet ifadelerini; erkek cinsiyeti için ise güç, otorite ve sorumluluk ifadelerini kullanmışlardır. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet algılarının olumlu olduğu ancak cinsiyet farklılıkları göz önüne alındığında erkek öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet algılarının kadın öğrencilere göre daha olumlu olduğu bulunmuştur.
The Use of Zebrafish Xenotransplant Assays to Analyze the Role of lncRNAs in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zampedri Cecilia , Martínez-Flores Williams Arony , Melendez-Zajgla Jorge
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer represents a great challenge since it is the first cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. LncRNAs are a newly described class of non-coding RNAs that participate in cancer progression. Their use as cancer markers and possible therapeutic targets has recently gained strength. Animal xenotransplants allows for in vivo monitoring of disease development, molecular elucidation of pathogenesis and the design of new therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, the cost and complexities of mice husbandry makes medium to high throughput assays difficult. Zebrafishes (Danio rerio) represent a novel model for these assays, given the ease with which xenotransplantation trials can be performed and the economic and experimental advantages it offers. In this review we propose the use of xenotransplants in zebrafish to study the role of breast cancer lncRNAs using low to medium high throughput assays.
Single-Cell Biochemical Multiplexing by Multidimensional Phasor Demixing and Spectral Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Authors: Haas Kalina T. , Fries Maximilian W. , Venkitaraman Ashok R. , Esposito Alessandro
Published: May 2021

Revealing mechanisms underpinning cell function requires understanding the relationship between different biochemical reactions in living cells. However, our capabilities to monitor more than two biochemical reactions in living cells are limited. Therefore, the development of methods for real-time biochemical multiplexing is of fundamental importance. Here, we show that data acquired with multicolor (mcFLIM) or spectrally resolved (sFLIM) fluorescence lifetime imaging can be conveniently described with multidimensional phasor transforms. We demonstrate a computational framework capable of demixing three Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes and quantifying multiplexed biochemical activities in single living cells. We provide a comparison between mcFLIM and sFLIM suggesting that sFLIM might be advantageous for the future development of heavily multiplexed assays. However, mcFLIM—more readily available with commercial systems—can be applied for the concomitant monitoring of three enzymes in living cells without significant losses.
Fast and Reliable Multiresidue Analysis of Aromas in Wine by Means of Gas Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Guerriero Ettore , Iorizzo Massimo , Cerasa Marina , Notardonato Ivan , Testa Bruno , Letizia Francesco , Di Fiore Cristina , Russo Mario Vincenzo , Avino Pasquale
Published: May 2021

The paper would like to show a direct injection into GC-MS/QqQ for the determination of secondary aromas in white wine samples fermented in two different ways. The procedure has been compared with more traditional methods used in this field, i.e., headspace analysis and liquid–liquid extraction. The application of such direct injection, for the first time in the literature, allows us to analyze Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the range 0.1–100 µg mL−1, with Limits of Detection (LODs) and Limits of Quantification (LOQs) between 0.01–0.05 µg mL−1 and 0.03–0.09 µg mL−1, respectively, intraday and interday below 5.6% and 8.5%, respectively, and recoveries above 92% at two different fortification levels. The procedure has been applied to real wine samples: it evidences how the fermentation in wood (cherry) barrel yields higher VOC levels than ones in wine fermented in steel tank, causing production of different secondary aromas and different relative flavors.
3D Reticulated Actuator Inspired by Plant Up-Righting Movement Through a Cortical Fiber Network
Authors: Masselter Tom , Speck Olga , Speck Thomas
Published: May 2021

Since most plant movements take place through an interplay of elastic deformation and strengthening tissues, they are thus ideal concept generators for biomimetic hingeless actuators. In the framework of a biomimetic biology push process, we present the transfer of the functional movement principles of hollow tubular geometries that are surrounded by a net-like structure. Our plant models are the recent genera Ochroma (balsa) and Carica (papaya) as well as the fossil seed fern Lyginopteris oldhamia, which hold a net of macroscopic fiber structures enveloping the whole trunk. Asymmetries in these fiber nets, which are specifically caused by asymmetric growth of the secondary wood, enable the up-righting of inclined Ochroma and Carica stems. In a tubular net-like structure, the fiber angles play a crucial role in stress–strain relationships. When braided tubes are subjected to internal pressure, they become shorter and thicker if the fiber angle is greater than 54.7°. However, if the fiber angle is less than 54.7°, they become longer and thinner. In this article, we use straightforward functional demonstrators to show how insights into functional principles from living nature can be transferred into plant-inspired actuators with linear or asymmetric deformation.
Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing the Therapeutic Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Aspergillus niger
Authors: Es-haghi Ali , Taghavizadeh Yazdi Mohammad Ehsan , Sharifalhoseini Mohammad , Baghani Mohsen , Yousefi Ehsan , Rahdar Abbas , Baino Francesco
Published: May 2021

In this study, the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Aspergillus niger (A/ZnO-NPs) is described. These particles have been characterized by UV–Vis spectrum analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. To use this biosynthesized nanoparticle as an antiproliferative and antimicrobial agent, the IC50 value against the breast cancer cell line and inhibition zone against Escherichia coli were used to optimize the effect of two processing factors including dose of filtrate fungi cell and temperature. The biosynthesized A/ZnO-NPs had an absorbance band at 320 nm and spherical shapes. The mean particles size was 35 nm. RSM (response surface methodology) was utilized to investigate the outcome responses. The Model F-value of 12.21 and 7.29 implies that the model was significant for both responses. The contour plot against inhibition zone for temperature and dose showed that if the dose increases from 3.8 to 17.2 µg/mL, the inhibition zone increases up to 35 mm. As an alternative to chemical and/or physical methods, biosynthesizing zinc oxide NPs through fungi extracts can serve as a more facile and eco-friendly strategy. Additionally, for optimization of the processes, the outcome responses in the biomedical available test can be used in the synthesis of ZnO-NPs that are utilized for large-scale production in various medical applications.
Quality Control in Fiore Sardo PDO Cheese: Detection of Heat Treatment Application and Production Chain by MRI Relaxometry and Image Analysis
Authors: Anedda Roberto , Melis Riccardo , Curti Elena
Published: May 2021

Fiore Sardo (FS), a traditional Italian cheese, is present in the market as a heterogeneous variety of products. The use of heat-treated (HT) milk is forbidden by the official production protocol, but no official analytical method able to detect heat application is yet available. Here, a combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxometry and image analysis approach to recognize FS made from raw milk is presented. Artisanal FS cheeses were produced from raw milk (RC) by five shepherds in accordance with the official protocol. They were compared to HT-milk counterparts (HTC). Additionally, industrially manufactured commercial FS cheeses (I) were also purchased and compared to RC and HTC. Relaxometry data of FS indicated the presence of two water populations; the ratio of characteristic relaxation time constant T2 and area fraction (Score, Ṩ) of the fastest relaxing population was used to compare RC, HTC and I samples. RC from HTC were successfully discriminated, the latter exhibiting lower Ṩ (enhanced protein hydration). I cheeses exhibited the lowest Ṩ values, sometimes comparable to HTC. Since visual appearance of RC and HTC is appreciably different, an image analysis deep learning approach using MRI and photographic pictures was adopted to discriminate the two productions, with promising percentages (>93%).
Healthy Garden Plots? Harvesting Stories of Social Connectedness from Community Gardens
Authors: Glover Troy D.
Published: May 2021

Because of their profound effects on health and wellbeing, particularly their sense of social connectedness, community garden stories warrant the close attention of public health professionals. Efforts to tell these stories, if and when told, often smooth over, intentionally ignore or fail to appreciate vital subplots of social experiences that deserve our collective consideration. Put simply, this article advocates for public health to pay greater attention to the subplots—those secondary strands of the main plotline—of community garden stories. To demonstrate, the plot and subplots associated with the Queen Anne Memorial Garden, a community garden located in a diverse urban neighborhood in a Midwestern American city, are examined. The resultant narrative provides a more complex understanding of the social relationships that formed in and around the community garden under examination. Ultimately, the article shows how sublots weave together alternative interpretations of a story based on different constituents’ experiences silenced by main plotlines and encourage audiences to critically reflect upon their own behaviours.
A Parametric Study on the LES Numerical Setup to Investigate Fan/OGV Broadband Noise
Authors: Al-Am Jean , Clair Vincent , Giauque Alexis , Boudet Jérôme , Gea-Aguilera Fernando
Published: May 2021

In the present paper, large eddy simulations are performed to study two different mechanisms of Fan/OGV broadband noise: airfoil self-noise and turbulence interaction noise. Firstly, the current study focuses on the prediction of airfoil self-noise from a thin plate with a sharp trailing edge and a chord-based Reynolds number of the order of 106. The boundary layer is tripped to trigger transition to turbulence, and a parameter study is performed to study the influence of the near-wall modeling, grid topology and refinement in the near-wall and wake regions, the spanwise domain extent, and the tripping method. Empirical and analytical models, as well as available DNS data are used for validation purposes. Secondly, the interaction noise from a thin plate impinged by an incoming synthetic turbulent flow is studied. For both cases, far-field acoustic spectra are compared to Amiet’s models for leading and trailing edge noise showing a good agreement.
Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Cationic Type on the Diffusion Behavior of Chloride in Concrete
Authors: Liu Huanqiang , Jiang Linhua
Published: May 2021

The durability of the concrete in underground and marine engineering is affected by the underground and ocean environment. Chloride diffusion coefficient under hydrostatic pressure is a key parameter of concrete durability design under corresponding conditions. Therefore, this paper studies the diffusion behavior of chloride in different diffusion source solutions by experiment and simulation. Based on the experimental results, this paper proposes a new chloride diffusion model under the coupling effect of diffusion and convection. The interaction of ions and compounds in the diffusion source solutions, concrete pore fluid, and concrete material are considered in the new chloride diffusion model. The experimental results show that chloride diffusion rate is significantly affected by hydrostatic pressure, which increases with the increase of hydrostatic pressure. The chloride diffusion coefficient shows a certain difference in difference diffusion source solutions. The chloride diffusion coefficient in divalent cationic diffusion source solutions is the largest, the chloride diffusion coefficient in the divalent and monovalent cationic compound ones is in the middle, and the chloride diffusion coefficient in the monovalent cationic ones is the smallest. There is a linear relationship between the chloride diffusion coefficient and the hydrostatic pressure whether in single or combined cationic diffusion source solutions.
Comparison of Mechanical and End-Use Properties of Grey and Dyed Cellulose and Cellulose/Protein Woven Fabrics
Authors: Kumpikaitė Eglė , Varnaitė-Žuravliova Sandra , Tautkutė-Stankuvienė Indrė , Laureckienė Ginta
Published: May 2021

The behaviour of textile products made from different fibres during finishing has been investigated by many scientists, but these investigations have usually been performed with cotton or synthetic yarns and fabrics. However, the properties of raw materials such as linen and hemp (other cellulose fibres) and linen/silk (cellulose/protein fibres) have rarely been investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the mechanical (breaking force and elongation at break) and end-use (colour fastness to artificial light, area density, and abrasion resistance) properties of cellulose and cellulose/protein woven fabrics. For all fabrics, ΔE was smaller than three, which is generally imperceptible to the human eye. Flax demonstrated the best dyeability, and hemp demonstrated the poorest dyeability, comparing all the tested fabrics. The colour properties of fabrics were greatly influenced by the washing procedure, and even different fabric components of different weaves lost their colours in different ways. Flax fibres were more crystalline than hemp, and those fibres were more amorphous, which decreased the crystallinity index of flax in flax/silk blended fabric. Unwashed flax fabric was more resistant to artificial light than flax/silk or hemp fabrics. Finishing had a great influence on the abrasion resistance of fabrics. The yarn fibre composition and the finishing process for fabrics both influenced the mechanical (breaking force and elongation at break) and end-use (area density and abrasion resistance) properties of grey and finished fabrics woven from yarns made of different fibres.
DABCO Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) and Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Contaminated Water
Authors: Sridhar Vadahanambi , Park Hyun
Published: May 2021

Though chemically-derived reduced graphene oxide (CDG) from graphite oxide (GO) precursors is a widely practiced procedure for the large-scale production of graphene, the quality and quantity of thus obtained CDG is dependent on the reduction strategy used. In this work, we report an all-solid-state, residue-free, microwave process for the reduction of graphene oxide and subsequent growth of carbon nanotube ‘separators’ from a single precursor, namely DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). The utility of our newly developed technique in efficiently and effectively reducing graphene oxide and in growing nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes via catalysts like palladium and iron into unique mesoporous, 3-D hierarchical carbon nanostructures is demonstrated. The applicability of the thus obtained palladium embedded in Pd@NCNT-rGO nanoarchitectures for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is investigated. When carbon fiber (CF) was used as the substrate, three-dimensional Fe@NCNT-CF were obtained, whose capability as versatile adsorbents for hexavalent chromium ion removal from contaminated waters was also demonstrated.
The Impact of and Adaptations Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Histopathological Diagnosis of Skin Pathologies, Including Non-Melanocyte and Melanoma Skin Cancers—A Single-Center Study in Romania
Authors: Cocuz Iuliu-Gabriel , Cocuz Maria-Elena , Niculescu Raluca , Șincu Mihaela Cornelia , Tinca Andreea Cătălina , Sabău Adrian-Horațiu , Chiorean Diana Maria , Morariu Silviu Horia , Cotoi Ovidiu Simion
Published: May 2021

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has globally affected health systems and services. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignancies around the world. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the benign and malignant histopathological diagnoses performed on radical excision skin tumors and skin biopsies in the dermatopathology ward in Mures Clinical County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania, 1 year prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to emphasize the changes in the diagnostic process as per the new regulations. Materials and Methods: A total of 1168 histopathological diagnoses were included in the study—302 from the COVID-19 period and 866 from the non-COVID-19 period—considering the number, type, and frequency of the histopathological diagnoses as variables to be analyzed. Results: In the COVID-19 period, out of the 55 NMSC and melanoma histopathological diagnoses, 50.9% (n = 28) were BCCs, 20% (n = 11) were SCCs, 10.9% (n = 6) were basosquamous cell carcinomas, and 18.18% (n = 10) were melanoma cases. Regarding the non-COVID-19 period, out of the 173 NMSC and melanoma histopathological diagnoses, 46.82% (n = 81) were BCCs, 22.54% (n = 39) were SCCs, 7.51% (n = 13) were basosquamous cell carcinomas, and 23.12% (n = 40) were melanoma cases. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in histopathological diagnoses at the dermatopathology ward in our hospital was observed, for both benign and malignant pathologies, especially for NMSCs and melanomas, compared to the same period 1 year prior to the pandemic.
Modelling of Anisotropic Electrical Conduction in Layered Structures 3D-Printed with Fused Deposition Modelling
Authors: Dijkshoorn Alexander , Schouten Martijn , Stramigioli Stefano , Krijnen Gijs
Published: May 2021

3D-printing conductive structures have recently been receiving increased attention, especially in the field of 3D-printed sensors. However, the printing processes introduce anisotropic electrical properties due to the infill and bonding conditions. Insights into the electrical conduction that results from the anisotropic electrical properties are currently limited. Therefore, this research focuses on analytically modeling the electrical conduction. The electrical properties are described as an electrical network with bulk and contact properties in and between neighbouring printed track elements or traxels. The model studies both meandering and open-ended traxels through the application of the corresponding boundary conditions. The model equations are solved as an eigenvalue problem, yielding the voltage, current density, and power dissipation density for every position in every traxel. A simplified analytical example and Finite Element Method simulations verify the model, which depict good correspondence. The main errors found are due to the limitations of the model with regards to 2D-conduction in traxels and neglecting the resistance of meandering ends. Three dimensionless numbers are introduced for the verification and analysis: the anisotropy ratio, the aspect ratio, and the number of traxels. Conductive behavior between completely isotropic and completely anisotropic can be modeled, depending on the dimensionless properties. Furthermore, this model can be used to explain the properties of certain 3D-printed sensor structures, like constriction-resistive strain sensors.
On-CMOS Image Sensor Processing for Lane Detection
Authors: Lee Soyeon , Jeong Bohyeok , Park Keunyeol , Song Minkyu , Kim Soo Youn
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with built-in lane detection computing circuits for automotive applications. We propose on-CIS processing with an edge detection mask used in the readout circuit of the conventional CIS structure for high-speed lane detection. Furthermore, the edge detection mask can detect the edges of slanting lanes to improve accuracy. A prototype of the proposed CIS was fabricated using a 110 nm CIS process. It has an image resolution of 160 (H) × 120 (V) and a frame rate of 113, and it occupies an area of 5900 μm × 5240 μm. A comparison of its lane detection accuracy with that of existing edge detection algorithms shows that it achieves an acceptable accuracy. Moreover, the total power consumption of the proposed CIS is 9.7 mW at pixel, analog, and digital supply voltages of 3.3, 3.3, and 1.5 V, respectively.
Software Architecture of a Fog Computing Node for Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Ungurean Ioan , Gaitan Nicoleta Cristina
Published: May 2021

In the design and development process of fog computing solutions for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), we need to take into consideration the characteristics of the industrial environment that must be met. These include low latency, predictability, response time, and operating with hard real-time compiling. A starting point may be the reference fog architecture released by the OpenFog Consortium (now part of the Industrial Internet Consortium), but it has a high abstraction level and does not define how to integrate the fieldbuses and devices into the fog system. Therefore, the biggest challenges in the design and implementation of fog solutions for IIoT is the diversity of fieldbuses and devices used in the industrial field and ensuring compliance with all constraints in terms of real-time compiling, low latency, and predictability. Thus, this paper proposes a solution for a fog node that addresses these issues and integrates industrial fieldbuses. For practical implementation, there are specialized systems on chips (SoCs) that provides support for real-time communication with the fieldbuses through specialized coprocessors and peripherals. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the fog node on a system based on Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC ZU3EG A484 SoC.
Performance Analysis of Underlay Cognitive Radio System with Self-Sustainable Relay and Statistical CSI
Authors: Kozić Nadica , Blagojević Vesna , Ivaniš Predrag
Published: May 2021

The relentlessly increasing number of small-sized devices with limited powering and computational capabilities requires the adoption of new approaches to spectrum access. In this paper, we analyze an underlay cooperative cognitive wireless system based on available statistical channel state information (CSI) that is applicable to the cognitive system with limited computational resources due to its low complexity. We considered the scenario where the primary and the cognitive network coexist in the same spectrum band, under the constraints of interference threshold and maximal tolerable outage permitted by the primary user. The communication in the secondary decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system is established via a self-sustainable relay, which harvests energy from both cognitive and primary transmitters. The closed-form expressions for the outage probability of the cognitive network are derived, which are valid for both time-switching relaying (TSR) and power-splitting relaying (PSR) protocols. We analyze the influence of both cognitive and primary systems as well as the impact of channel parameters on the cognitive system outage performance. The derived analytical results are corroborated by an independent simulation method.
Ultrafine Aerosol Particle Sizer Based on Piezoresistive Microcantilever Resonators with Integrated Air-Flow Channel
Authors: Bertke Maik , Kirsch Ina , Uhde Erik , Peiner Erwin
Published: May 2021

To monitor airborne nano-sized particles (NPs), a single-chip differential mobility particle sizer (DMPS) based on resonant micro cantilevers in defined micro-fluidic channels (µFCs) is introduced. A size bin of the positive-charged fraction of particles herein is separated from the air stream by aligning their trajectories onto the cantilever under the action of a perpendicular electrostatic field of variable strength. We use previously described µFCs and piezoresistive micro cantilevers (PMCs) of 16 ng mass fabricated using micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, which offer a limit of detection of captured particle mass of 0.26 pg and a minimum detectable particulate mass concentration in air of 0.75 µg/m3. Mobility sizing in 4 bins of a nebulized carbon aerosol NPs is demonstrated based on finite element modelling (FEM) combined with a-priori knowledge of particle charge state. Good agreement of better than 14% of mass concentration is observed in a chamber test for the novel MEMS-DMPS vs. a simultaneously operated standard fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS) as reference instrument. Refreshing of polluted cantilevers is feasible without de-mounting the sensor chip from its package by multiply purging them alternately in acetone steam and clean air.
Characterization of Six-Degree-of-Freedom Sensors for Building Health Monitoring
Authors: Murray-Bergquist Louisa , Bernauer Felix , Igel Heiner
Published: May 2021

Six-degree-of-freedom (6DoF) sensors measure translation along three axes and rotation around three axes. These collocated measurements make it possible to fully describe building motion without the need for an external reference point. This is an advantage for building health monitoring, which uses interstory drift and building eigenfrequencies to monitor stability. In this paper, IMU50 6DoF sensors are characterized to determine their suitability for building health monitoring. The sensors are calibrated using step table methods and by comparison with earth’s rotation and gravity. These methods are found to be comparable. The sensor’s self-noise is examined through the power spectral density and the Allan deviation of data recorded in a quiet environment. The effect of temperature variation is tested between 14 and 50 °C. It appears that the self-noise of the rotation components increases while the self-noise of the acceleration components decreases with temperature. The comparison of the sensor self-noise with ambient building signal and higher amplitude shaking shows that these sensors are in general not sensitive enough for ambient signal building health monitoring in the frequency domain, but could be useful for monitoring interstory drift and building motion during, for example, strong earthquake shaking in buildings similar to those examined here.
On-Line Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Power Connectors Focused on Predictive Maintenance
Authors: Riba Jordi-Roger , Gómez-Pau Álvaro , Martínez Jimmy , Moreno-Eguilaz Manuel
Published: May 2021

Connections are critical elements in power systems, exhibiting higher failure probability. Power connectors are considered secondary simple devices in power systems despite their key role, since a failure in one such element can lead to major issues. Thus, it is of vital interest to develop predictive maintenance approaches to minimize these issues. This paper proposes an on-line method to determine the remaining useful life (RUL) of power connectors. It is based on a simple and accurate model of the degradation with time of the electrical resistance of the connector, which only has two parameters, whose values are identified from on-line acquired data (voltage drop across the connector, electric current and temperature). The accuracy of the model presented in this paper is compared with the widely applied autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA), showing enhanced performance. Next, a criterion to determine the RUL is proposed, which is based on the inflection point of the expression describing the electrical resistance degradation. This strategy allows determination of when the connector must be replaced, thus easing predictive maintenance tasks. Experimental results from seven connectors show the potential and viability of the suggested method, which can be applied to many other devices.
Integrated Social Value at Universities: A Guarantee for Public Subsidies
Authors: Arimany-Serrat Núria , Tarrats-Pons Elisenda
Published: May 2021

The objective of this work was to monetize the integrated social value generated by a university during an academic year to justify the use of public grants received and determine their relationship with the institution’s stakeholders. Monetization allows us to analyze the efficiency in the use of received subsidies. The methodology used herein was the polyhedral model, which was applied to a university during the 2017–2018 academic year in order to reflect the financial and social accounting of the institution, its relationship with stakeholders, and its efficiency in economic and social management. The results of the study highlighted the monetization of the activity of the UVic-UCC over the course of 2017–2018, guaranteeing the economic and social efficiency and dynamization of the University, as well as information regarding the return to the Public Administration by the institution and the good use of the grants it received. The monetization of economic transactions and the value variables of stakeholders allowed us to assess the impact of the institution and the added value it created. The findings indicated that the integrated social value of the UVic-UCC in the 2017–2018 academic year was EUR 64,268,260, and this guaranteed the good economic and social management of the institution and the good use of the grants it received.
ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS DE LA PRUEBA PISA 2018 EN MATEMÁTICAS PARA AMÉRICA
Authors: Díaz-Pinzón Jorge Enrique
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo comparar si hay diferencias en el promedio de los puntajes obtenidos en las pruebas Pisa 2018, para los diferentes países evaluados de América en matemáticas. Se realizó una comparación múltiple entre medias independientes, a partir del análisis estadístico de los datos aplicando la prueba ANOVA, se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS v. 25. Se pudo observar que hay evidencia para rechazar la hipótesis nula, por tanto, las medias son diferentes. Se evidenció que Canadá es el único país que está por encima de la media del conjunto de países de la OCDE (489) en América con 512 puntos ubicándose en el nivel 3 de la escala de matemáticas, de 482 y 544 puntos. Estados Unidos con 478 puntos, Uruguay con 418, y Chile con 417 puntos, se ubicaron en el nivel 2 de la escala de matemáticas, de 420 y 481 puntos, ahora, México con 409 puntos, Costa Rica con 402 puntos, Perú con 400 puntos, Colombia 391 puntos, Brasil 389 puntos, y Argentina con 379 puntos, se ubicaron en el nivel 2 de la escala de matemáticas, de 358 y 419 puntos. Y muy preocupante el caso de Panamá con 353 puntos, y República Dominicana con 325 puntos que no alcanzan ningún nivel en la escala de matemáticas.
Kolaborasi Integrasi Inkubator Bersama Perguruan Tinggi Sebagai Bentuk Pengabdian Terhadap Masyarakat Dalam Perkembangan Iptek
Authors: Saraswati Maria , Lutfiani Ninda , Ramadhan Tarisya
Published: May 2021

Tunjangan Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk membentuk energi kerjasama keilmuanantara narasumber perguruan tinggi dengan jajaran TNI di Tangerang. Menyinggungpemahaman yang mendalam tentang arti penipuan dan Kampanye Gelap mungkinmerupakan keajaiban asli yang harus diharapkan, sehingga dapat mendukung penggunaanantisipasi dan meminimalkan pengaruh keduanya. Strategi implementasi ditengahpenyelidikan ini adalah dengan melihat-lihat dan pergi ke perguruan tinggi di Tangerangserta mampu menyuplai bahan dan mempersiapkan disana. Bahwa lahirnya PKM inimerupakan pengembangan dari kesadaran hampir energi kooperatif dari latihaninstruksional para guru Perguruan Tinggi dan TNI Tangerang sehubungan dengan artipenipuan dan kampanye gelap serta karena pokok-pokok upaya pengurusan terkait denganini. Karenanya, dalam masyarakat, ia mencipta dan berkreasi dalam masyarakat dan tertipusecara transparan yang tidak langsung tertangkap atau dikenal sebagai yang terjadibelakangan ini di masyarakat atau tanpa bukti yang jelas.