bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An overview of the potential risks, sources, and analytical methods for microplastics in soil
Authors: Mahidin  , Gani Asri , Saiful  , Irham Muhammad , Windari Wulan , Erdiwansyah
Published: April 2022

Contaminants from microplastics in the soil can pose a huge and potential risk to global ecological systems. Microplastic contaminants have become an issue since the source and potential risks have gained a point of great concern. This problem is due to the lack of a comprehensive and systematic analysis system for microplastics. Thus, a comprehensive review of microplastic knowledge is carried out to detect its potential risks, occurrences, sources, and characteristics. The study results show that microplastics have been found everywhere, as shown in the global matrix. However, with the advancement of increasingly sophisticated technology, the microplastics found in the soil can be reduced. The difficulties of analytical systems inherent in particles in even complex matrices can be overcome with technology. Research on the distribution and emergence of microplastics is still very slow in several countries, including Indonesia, the United States, and Africa. The composition and characteristics of microplastics in soil and the environment shows their consistency still indicates a change in source. Microplastics in the soil have extensive and diverse sources, leading to high accumulation. This study also discusses the potential risks and effects of microplastics on soil ecosystems. The interaction and combination of contaminants from adsorbed microplastics can lead to soil fertility and migration systems in the food chain. The impact of microplastics on soil depends on chemical components, natural factors, and morphology. Thus, regional quantification and estimation of emissions from microplastics have a huge gap. In addition, the concentration of microplastics and the masking of microplastics to store carbon in the soil can be influenced by natural factors and require various efforts.
Boundedness of a predator-prey model with density-dependent motilities and stage structure for the predator
Authors: Xiang Ailing , Wang Liangchen
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we consider a predator-prey model with density-dependent prey-taxis and stage structure for the predator. We establish the existence of classical solutions with uniform-in-time bound in a one-dimensional case. In addition, we prove that the solution stabilizes to the prey-only steady state under some conditions.
A study of Ralston's cubic convergence with the application of population growth model
Authors: Alzaid Sara S. , Shaw Pawan Kumar , Kumar Sunil
Published: April 2022

This paper deals a new numerical scheme to solve fractional differential equation (FDE) involving Caputo fractional derivative (CFD) of variable order $ \beta \in ]0, 1] $. Based on a few examples and application models, the main objective is to show that FDE works more effectively than ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The proposed scheme is fractional Ralston's cubic method (RCM). The convergence analysis and stability analysis of the scheme is proved. The numerical scheme has been found without considering linearisation, perturbations, or any such assumptions. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed scheme will justify by solving a few examples of linear and non-linear FDEs with one application of FDE, world population growth (WPG) model of variable order $ \beta \in ]0, 1] $. Also, the comparison of fractional RCM scheme has been shown with the existing fractional Euler method (EM) and fractional improved Euler method (IEM).
A genetic algorithm with two-step rank-based encoding for closed-loop supply chain network design
Authors: Ding Bowen , Ma Zhaobin , Ren Shuoyan , Gu Yi , Qian Pengjiang , Zhang Xin
Published: April 2022

The closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) plays an important role in sustainable development and can help to increase the economic benefits of enterprises. The optimization for the CLSC network is a complicated problem, since it often has a large problem scale and involves multiple constraints. This paper proposes a general CLSC model to maximize the profits of enterprises by determining the transportation route and delivery volume. Due to the complexity of the multi-constrained and large-scale model, a genetic algorithm with two-step rank-based encoding (GA-TRE) is developed to solve the problem. Firstly, a two-step rank-based encoding is designed to handle the constraints and increase the algorithm efficiency, and the encoding scheme is also used to improve the genetic operators, including crossover and mutation. The first step of encoding is to plan the routes and predict their feasibility according to relevant constraints, and the second step is to set the delivery volume based on the feasible routes using a rank-based method to achieve greedy solutions. Besides, a new mutation operator and an adaptive population disturbance mechanism are designed to increase the diversity of the population. To validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, six heuristic algorithms are compared with GA-TRE by using different instances with three problem scales. The results show that GA-TRE can obtain better solutions than the competitors, especially on large-scale instances.
Resource dependent scheduling with truncated learning effects
Authors: Wang Xuyin , Liu Weiguo , Li Lu , Zhao Peizhen , Zhang Ruifeng
Published: April 2022

In this article, we investigate the single-machine scheduling problem with truncated learning effect and resource allocation, where the actual processing time of a job is a general function of its additional resources and position in a sequence. The goal is to determine the optimal resource allocation and optimal sequence such that a weighted sum of scheduling cost and resource consumption cost is minimized. We show that the problem can be solved in $ O(n^3) $ time by using an assignment formulation, where $ n $ is the number of jobs.
Self-organizing map based differential evolution with dynamic selection strategy for multimodal optimization problems
Authors: Yuan Shihao , Zhao Hong , Liu Jing , Song Binjie
Published: April 2022

Many real-world problems can be classified as multimodal optimization problems (MMOPs), which require to locate global optima as more as possible and refine the accuracy of found optima as high as possible. When dealing with MMOPs, how to divide population and obtain effective niches is a key to balance population diversity and convergence during evolution. In this paper, a self-organizing map (SOM) based differential evolution with dynamic selection strategy (SOMDE-DS) is proposed to improve the performance of differential evolution (DE) in solving MMOPs. Firstly, a SOM based method is introduced as a niching technique to divide population reasonably by using the similarity information among different individuals. Secondly, a variable neighborhood search (VNS) strategy is proposed to locate more possible optimal regions by expanding the search space. Thirdly, a dynamic selection (DS) strategy is designed to balance exploration and exploitation of the population by taking advantages of both local search strategy and global search strategy. The proposed SOMDE-DS is compared with several widely used multimodal optimization algorithms on benchmark CEC'2013. The experimental results show that SOMDE-DS is superior or competitive with the compared algorithms.
On the low Mach number limit for 2D Navier–Stokes–Korteweg systems
Authors: Hientzsch Lars Eric
Published: April 2022

This paper addresses the low Mach number limit for two-dimensional Navier–Stokes–Korteweg systems. The primary purpose is to investigate the relevance of the capillarity tensor for the analysis. For the sake of a concise exposition, our considerations focus on the case of the quantum Navier-Stokes (QNS) equations. An outline for a subsequent generalization to general viscosity and capillarity tensors is provided. Our main result proves the convergence of finite energy weak solutions of QNS to the unique Leray-Hopf weak solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, for general initial data without additional smallness or regularity assumptions. We rely on the compactness properties stemming from energy and BD-entropy estimates. Strong convergence of acoustic waves is proven by means of refined Strichartz estimates that take into account the alteration of the dispersion relation due to the capillarity tensor. For both steps, the presence of a suitable capillarity tensor is pivotal.
Effects of cooling media on the formation of Martensite-Austenite microconstituent in a HSLA steel
Authors: Moreno-Fabian Zayra , Solís-Bravo Gregorio
Published: April 2022

The effect of different cooling conditions on the formation of Martensite-Austenite (MA) in a High - Strength Low - Alloy (HSLA) steel was assessed. The MA constituent is detrimental to impact toughness in pipeline applications, so the purpose of this research was to minimize its presence through the choice of effective cooling media and optimal parameters such as the cooling rate and final cooling temperature. The volume fraction, size and morphology of MA was evaluated by selective etching and corroborated trough SEM and EBSD. Vickers hardness testing agreed with the measured MA volume fractions. The sample cooled with helium gas and salt bath with the lowest final cooling temperature of 460 °C, exhibited a fine mixture of ferritic bainite, granular bainite and the lowest volume fraction of MA, along with MA smaller particle average size. A high cooling rate and a decrease in the final cooling temperature resulted in a decrease in the volume fraction and average particle size of MA.
University Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Quizlet in Learning Vocabulary
Authors: Pham Anh Tuan
Published: April 2022

Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) approaches have had positive effects on language education. Quizlet is an emerging tool which has helped many language learners to achieve their learning goals. The study aims to explore students’ perceptions on the use of Quizlet for their learning vocabulary. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to examine the frequency of use among students and their level of satisfaction toward Quizlet as well as its advantages and disadvantages it brought students. For data analysis, 148 students participated in the study through a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The results revealed that students sometimes used Quizlet for their learning vocabulary (M=3.073, SD=.6485) with the frequency of approximately 2 hours per week. In addition, students’ level of satisfaction was rated quite positive (M=3.515, SD=.8289). In particular, the feature Test was most noticeable and satisfactory since it helped students review vocabulary effectively. Many students preferred Quizlet because of its convenience and effectiveness while others were dissatisfied with some features such as Match as well as some spelling and definition errors, and unnatural pronunciation. It is to suggest that students would prefer Quizlet as a helpful tool for their vocabulary mastery. Besides, Quizlet developers could upgrade its features to make it an outstanding aid for language learners.
Design and Realization of Experiential Teaching Based on Knowledge Feature Transformation of Course Teaching
Authors: Shi Hongying , Meng Xuhong , Du Juan , Wang Lin
Published: April 2022

Experiential teaching, which combines real environment with virtual environment, helps students understand and internalize knowledge. To a certain extent, the organization and design of experiential teaching can promote the education reform in the new era. The existing studies on experiential teaching mostly emphasize theoretical applications, without paying much attention to teaching process and practical methods. Therefore, this paper designs and realizes experiential teaching based on knowledge feature transformation of course teaching. Firstly, node betweenness was selected as the reference metric for allocating the initial granularity importance to the knowledge points of physical education (PE) course teaching, and the macro-importance of the course was proportionally allocated to the known granularity of knowledge points. Next, a knowledge network was established for PE course teaching, and the named entities were identified based on course teaching knowledge features. The purpose is to extract the knowledge points of experiential PE teaching units, with class hour as the unit, and to determine their teaching sequence. After that, the design frameworks were established for experiential teaching scenarios and experiential learning activities, and the course evaluation strategy was provided for students majoring in sports dance, a professional PE course. Experimental results show that our approach achieves excellent effects on designing and implementing experiential learning activities.
Development of a Cost-Effective Intelligent Clinical Decision Support System for Breast Cancer Early Diagnosis and Triage
Authors: Tarousi Marilena , Bountris Panagiotis , Daskalakis Panagiotis , Koutsouris Dimitrios D.
Published: April 2022

Women population screening using mammography has dramatically reduced breast cancer rates worldwide. Nowadays, in many countries, the prevention of breast cancer policy is based on frequent and repeated mammographies, followed by breast ultrasound and if necessary, by histological examination in the biological material of the biopsy. However, evaluating mammography findings is considered as a difficult process which can properly performed only by a highly experienced and well-trained medical staff. Subsequently, the interpretation of those findings could be easily influenced by subjective factors and therefore can be prone to diagnostic errors as evidenced in the present study. Breast MRI, is a diagnostic practice indicated in cases of high breast density and at the same time, a high-cost examination for healthcare systems. Furthermore, genetic testing that is used to diagnose hereditary breast cancer, represents a small proportion of breast cancers and at the same time it is a high-cost specialized test. Even the most widely used biopsy, Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA), in some cases involves risks and provides false negative results. This study presents a novel intelligent Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS), which uses data from common practice, non-invasive and low-cost diagnostic tests, together with medical health record, in order to provide clinicians with a viable, cost-effective and accurate diagnostic solution. After implementing several algorithms, Random Forest classifier showed the highest values of sensitivity 96,2 %, specificity 94,6%, PPV 96,2% and NPV 94,6%, being thus an effective algorithm in the development of our innovative CDSS model aiming to constitute a very useful tool in clinical practice for breast cancer early diagnosis.
Le Libyen Mâtho : une difficile carrière de héros national
Authors: Alexandropoulos Jacques
Published: April 2022

Dans les romans nationaux du Maghreb post-indépendances, les héros de l’Antiquité tiennent des places différentes. Si Jugurtha en Algérie semble très bien ancré dans les identités locales, il n’en va pas de même pour Hannibal en Tunisie. Le héros y est fragilisé par un aspect moins «  national  » que pan-méditerranéen, et par la récupération politique qu’en fit la période du président Ben Ali. On s’intéresse ici au cas de l’Africain Mâtho, chef des révoltés berbères contre Carthage en 248 av. J.C., et l’un des héros du roman Salammbô de Flaubert. Les vicissitudes de son parcours de héros national reflètent les diverses relectures coloniales et postcoloniales de la révolte «  libyenne  » contre Carthage, illustrée par le récit de Polybe puis le roman de Flaubert.
Nouvelles hypothèses sur le propriétaire de la villa du Casale à Piazza Armerina
Authors: Ratti Stéphane
Published: April 2022

Les fouilles de la villa du Casale entreprises et publiées depuis une dizaine d’années ont permis de grands progrès dans la datation et par conséquent dans l’interprétation des mosaïques exceptionnelles qui couvrent le sol de ce palais sur près de 3 500 m2. On propose ici une réflexion qui, à la suite de la monographie de Brigitte Steger, parue à Paris en 2017, propose des prolongements inédits en mettant en lumière des rapprochements nouveaux entre les décors de la villa du Casale et certains passages de l’Histoire Auguste.
Une Anabase coloniale : La 317e section de Pierre Schoendoerffer
Authors: Cantier Jacques
Published: April 2022

Il est possible de trouver dans le film La 317e section de Pierre Schoendoerffer, évoquant les derniers temps de la Guerre d’Indochine, quelques échos de l’Anabase de Xénophon. Les portraits de combattants proposés par les deux œuvres évaluent ainsi l’aptitude au commandement des chefs et les capacités d’endurance des hommes dans un contexte de retraite. La traversée par les Dix-Mille au sein de l’Empire achéménide comme les pérégrinations des hommes du corps expéditionnaire au sein de la jungle cambodgienne témoignent également des ressources déployées par un groupe humain isolé face à un environnement fascinant et hostile.
L’oralità e la formazione della cultura romana. Un inizio
Authors: Bettini Maurizio
Published: April 2022

De nombreux témoignages montrent qu’à Rome les oreilles étaient considérées comme le siège de la mémoire. Cette croyance montre que les Romains étaient encore bien conscients du fait que les informations passaient à travers le canal auditif, et non seulement à travers celui des yeux. D’autres indices, comme l’absence de divinités de l’écriture à Rome (alors qu’il y avait de nombreuses divinités de la voix et de la parole) et l’absence de métaphores tirées du monde de l’écriture, soulignent l’importance que la « parole parlée » revêtait dans la culture et société romaine.
Commôtique, cosmétique, parfums antiques : de l’apparat au remède. État de la question
Authors: Declercq Amandine
Published: April 2022

L’art cosmétique (cosmêtikè téchnè), considéré par Galien comme une discipline médicale, recouvre des notions et des substances bien plus complexes, polyvalentes et signifiantes que ne le laisse transparaître son acception contemporaine. Cet état de la question concernant les liens étroits entre esthétique et médecine dans les sources gréco-latines s’interroge en particulier sur la place des fragrances huileuses, plus spécifiquement celle du Rhôdinon (onguent, huile ou parfum à la rose), dans la pensée, les mœurs et les rites des Anciens.
L’écriture de soi dans l’œuvre de Jean Starobinski. Une dialectique du subjectif et de l’objectif, du singulier et de l’universel
Authors: Cohen Cynthia Biron
Published: April 2022

Une lecture attentive de la rhétorique critico-philosophique de Starobinski révèle qu’il existe une subjectivité englobant une contemplation réflexive tant au niveau de son discours interprétatif que de son argumentation. Bien qu’il ne s’agisse jamais d’une écriture dans laquelle le critique se dépeint lui-même, on y retrouve les mêmes démarches, les prédilections et les convictions de Starobinski lui-même. Autrement dit, l’écriture de soi est présente dans ses réflexions tant sur les penseurs du XVIIIe que sur les écrivains du XXe siècle, voire dans une étude de l’art et la littérature du XIXe siècle ; comme si Starobinski liait inextricablement les sujets traités à son propre moi. L’écriture lui servirait donc non seulement de tremplin à la réflexion personnelle et à des commentaires critiques, mais aussi à l’édification de sa personnalité. Cependant la raison profonde qui le porte à fuir l’introspection, à exclure toute critique d’identification, fait elle aussi l’objet d’une interrogation.Ma démarche consiste à déceler les traces d’autobiographie que Starobinski a laissées dans son parcours herméneutique. M’inspirant de l’approche critique de Michel Beaujour, je me propose de cerner les analogies et les correspondances entre la pratique esthétique de Starobinski et son vécu contemporain, à travers l’articulation de son discours interprétatif et son orientation éthique. Une attention particulière est accordée aux procédés rhétoriques, fournissant un modèle structural révélateur de son mode de pensée. Mon objectif est de voir comment ses textes, tout en relevant des questions philosophiques ou esthétiques, laissent affleurer des identifications sous forme d’énoncés qui peuvent être appliquées à la personnalité et à la pensée starobinskiennes.
En quoi la « socialité esthétique » est-elle « post-moderne » ?
Authors: Peretti Pascale
Published: April 2022

Cet article propose de reconsidérer la notion de « socialité esthétique », sur la base d’une lecture philosophico-analytique des fondements du social. Il s’agit notamment de croiser les approches socio-anthropologique, psychanalytique et philosophique autour d’une relecture de la classique opposition communitas/societas de Tönnies, afin de ré-interroger la notion de « solidarité organique», en particulier dans son rapport à un type d’ordre socio-culturel qualifié de post-moderne.
Neoliberal Urbanism and the Assault Against Public Services and Workers in Toronto, 2006-2011
Authors: Fanelli Carlo
Published: April 2022

This article explores demands for concessions from public sector workers and new pressures to privatize public services at the city of Toronto. Situated in historical perspective, I argue that through the 2009 round of bargaining between the City of Toronto and its civic workers, the City sought to shift the burden of recession onto unionized workers by positing a trade-off between wage restraint and the protection of public services. Rather than retreat from the neoliberal project or present an alternative developmental path in the face of declining revenues, the ‘Third Way progressivism’ of the Miller regime employed the rationale that the recession demanded austerity. In the absence of an alternative political program and engaged membership, Local 79 was unable to counter the drumbeats of austerity and retrenchment. In the subsequent election a new conservative mayor and council vowed to radically restructure the city along increased competitive pressures, with efforts to lower the wages and benefits of its public sector workforce and privatize city services and assets. Indeed, since the 2009 civic workers’ strike, the Ford administration has implemented a number of reforms which has made work more precarious, reduced access to city services and intensified fiscal pressures. In the absence of a collective capacity to resist such attacks, trade union and community activists in Toronto have much to be concerned about.
Tentative d’épuisement d’une grammaire des multitudes
Authors: Lapeyre Stéphane
Published: April 2022

Comment un jeune écrivain français, animateur d’atelier d’écriture, demandeur d’emploi en fin de droits, achoppe sur sa propre langue en tentant de définir la culture dans laquelle il consomme / produit du signe. Analyse in vivo du corps social réduit à l’individu, et perspectives.
Socialisation à la marge : fragilités et résiliences des enfants et jeunes en situation de rue au couvre-feu à Bamako
Authors: Dembélé Moriké , Maiga Ahmadou
Published: April 2022

À l’instar de la longue fermeture et de perturbation des institutions d’éducation et de socialisation scolaire (écoles, universités et instituts), les mesures préventives de la Covid-19 ont ébranlé les espaces de socialisation non institués comme la rue, notamment avec l’établissement du couvre-feu. L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre l’impact du couvre-feu sur les enfants et les jeunes en situation de rue, notamment en termes de fragilité et de résilience. Des enquêtes de terrain structurées autour des focus group constitués selon le principe d’identité d’âge, de sexe et d’espace et conduites par les pairs, ont lieu au centre-ville et à la périphérie de Bamako. Les résultats des analyses effectuées montrent que le couvre-feu a désorganisé et affaibli les espaces et circuits de socialisation non instituée dans les rues de Bamako. Les enfants et jeunes en situation de rue ont témoigné de différents types de fragilités et de capacités de résilience, variables selon l’âge, le sexe et le milieu d’existence.
Power Pell Sequences, Some Periodic Relations of These Sequences, and a Cryptographic Application With Power Pell Sequences
Authors: Çelemoğlu Çağla , Özçevik Selime Beyza , Eren Şenol
Published: April 2022

Here, first of all, the authors investigated power Fibonacci sequence modulo k and formulas for the periods of these sequences, based on the period of the Fibonacci sequence modulo k. And then, the authors described a new power sequence for positive integer modulus. They named these sequences power Pell sequences modulo k. After that the authors determined those positive integer moduli for which this sequence exists and the number of such sequences for a given modulo k. In addition, the authors provide formulas for the periods of these sequences, based on the period of the Pell sequence modulo k, and they studied sequence/subsequence relationships between power Pell sequences. Finally, the authors examined ElGamal cryptosystem which is one of the asymmetric cryptographic systems and ElGamal cryptosystem which is obtained by using some power sequences. And they obtained asymmetric cryptographic applications by using power Pell sequences which the authors described.
Medical Data Analysis Using Feature Extraction and Classification Based on Machine Learning and Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm
Authors: B. Satheeshkumar , B. Sathiyaprasad
Published: April 2022

A metaheuristic-based data optimization algorithm with machine learning-based feature extraction and classification architectures is proposed. The medical data collected from hospital database and public health dataset are input to analyze abnormalities through IoT. The data optimization is carried out using metaheuristic-based gravitational search algorithm. When the data is optimized, the loss function during the feature extraction, classification will be minimized for ML architecture. The feature extraction has been carried out for the medical data using Bi-LSTM-based RNN architecture, and the extracted data has been classified using a deep belief network with CNN (DBN-CNN). Collected data have been classified for prediction of abnormal and normal data range. Experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed method when compared to existing techniques, namely accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Confusion matrix shows actual class and predicted class of normal and abnormal data predicted from input data.
Fracture Resistance and Failure Mode of Different Type of Ceramic Crowns
Authors: Zhang Li Xian , Liu Yu Xiao
Published: April 2022

Objective: To study the fracture resistance and failure modes of different type of ceramic crowns. Methods: Four groups of crown including zirconia-veneering porcelain crown (Group 1), whole zirconia crown (CAD/CAM, Group 2), cast ceramic crown (Group 3) and glass ceramic crown (CAD/CAM, chairside, Group 4) with the same thickness were manufactured, each group own 12 crowns. The fracture resistance test and failure modes analysis of the specimens were conducted, SPSS22.0 was used to analyze the difference among the groups. Results: The fracture strength of Group 2 is significantly higher than other three group (P<0.05), Statistical significance was found between group 3 and group 1, group 4. No Statistical significance was found between group 1 and group 4. The failure modes of the whole zirconia crown, the cast ceramic crown and the glass ceramic crown are complete crown fracture; 33% of the zirconia-veneering porcelain crown showed veneering layer fracture, the other 67% showed complete crown fracture. Conclusion: The fracture resistance of the whole zirconia crown are higher than the cast ceramic crown, the zirconia-veneering crown and the glass ceramic crown and the glass ceramic crown (CAD/CAM) is a very convenient prostheses. The failure modes are significantly influenced by the type of the crown.
Numerical Analysis of Nucleation and Growth of Stray Grain Formation during Laser Welding Nickel-Based Single-Crystal Superalloy Part II: Solidification Cracking Diminution through Single-Crystallinity Control
Authors: Gao Zhi Guo
Published: April 2022

The effect of thermo-metallurgical factors, such as heat input and welding configuration, on solidification cracking driving forces nearby dendrite tip, such as solidification temperature range and columnar/equiaxed transition (CET) was thermodynamically and kinetically discussed with aid of comprehensive numerical analysis for multicomponent melt-pool solidification during laser processing under non-equilibrium solidification conditions to better understand problematical solidification cracking phenomena. By using (001)/[100] welding configuration, axisymmetrical distributions of columnar/equiaxed transition and solidification temperature range alongside solidification interface are homogeneously produced on both sides of weld pool. By using (001)/[110] welding configuration, nonaxisymmetrical distributions are heterogeneously produced, and are able to bring about infelicitous microstructure degradation. Unidirectional region of [001] columnar dendrite is more prone to epitaxial growth without morphology transition to conservatively better crystallography-assisted single-crystal growth. Unidirectional epitaxial growth is collapsed, and onset of stray grain nucleation and solidification cracking eventuates in [100] region of equiaxed dendrite growth. Low heat input relatively broadens portion of unidirectional columnar dendrite, where stray grain is infrequently nucleated and grown, and thus morphology transition seldom happens, as long as undercooling and solidification temperature range alongside dendrite tip are sufficient low to challengingly develop crackless dendrite growth and high-quality weld by thermometallurgy-aided single-crystallinity control. Auspicious (001)/[100] welding configuration simultaneously abates overall stray grain nucleation and constricts solidification temperature range nearby fusion boundary to wane microstructure heterogeneity. Conversely, plenteous stray grain formation is kinetically attained and extensive solidification temperature range nearby fusion boundary is thermodynamically obtained by problematical (001)/[110] welding configuration to metallurgically induce pernicious equiaxed dendrite and disintegrate dendrite growth. Moreover, the mechanism of solidification cracking diminution as consequence of appropriate optimization of thermo-metallurgical determinants during multicomponent nickel-based single-crystal superalloy melt-pool non-equilibrium solidification is also proposed. The potent consistency between the predicted and experimented results is exceedingly tenable.
Effect of Rare Earth Ce on the Growth of Primary Al13Fe4 Phase in Al-5Fe Alloy
Authors: Liu Peng , Zeng Yi Dan , Zhang Jin
Published: April 2022

The solid-liquid mixture of Al-5Fe-xRE alloy is "frozen" through rapid cooling technology to prepare solid samples (the weight percentage of Rare Earth Ce added in x: 0%, 0.9%, and 5%). The effect of Ce on the growth of primary Al13Fe4 phase is studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and field emission transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results show that with the increase in the amount of Ce in the alloy, the transition temperature of the primary Al13Fe4 phase increases. The addition of Ce changes the crystallization process of the primary phase. When Al-5Fe-xRE alloy is rapidly cooled at 690°C, the primary phase interface of Al-5Fe-5Ce alloy has more Rare Earth enrichment than that of Al-5Fe-0.9Ce alloy. However, the primary phase of Al-5Fe-5Ce alloy is still relatively coarse. Obviously, excessive Ce does not play a role in modification, so the enrichment of Ce at the interface may not be the main reason for refining the primary iron-rich phase When the Al-5Fe-5Ce alloy is rapidly cooled at 750°C and 690°C, respectively, the Ce at the interface tends to increase. The enrichment area of Ce forms a "film" at the interface of the primary phase, and then it transform into Al8CeFe2 phase after solidification. The interface structure of the primary and Al8CeFe2 is semi-coherent.
Research Development on Separation and Extraction of Selenium and Mercury
Authors: Feng Qin , Li An Jing , An Yuan Fei , Zhang Bin , Zhao Ying Qian
Published: April 2022

The application of selenium and mercury and the raw materials for extracting selenium and mercury were introduced. The current separation and extraction processes of selenium and mercury were described in detail, including pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgyprocess, in addition to oxygen pressure leaching method and complexacid leaching method.
Failure Mechanism Analysis of Bonded Joint with Fiber Reinforce Plastic (FRP) Sucker Rod in Offshore Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Yan Wen , Wang Han Xiang , Che Jia Qi
Published: April 2022

At present, fiber reinforce plastic (FRP) sucker rod has the advantages of high tensile strength, light weight and strong corrosion resistance which gradually applied and popularized in offshore oil and gas field. However, the bonded joint of FRP sucker rod is particularly prone to break and fall off. Current research works mainly focus on the mechanical properties of FRP sucker rod and less consideration was given to adhesive performance. This paper proposed a finite element model (FEM) of bonded joint. The maximum predicted load of bonded joint was acquired and the axial distribution of adhesion stress and slip distance in the bonding interface was studied, which can provide theoretical basic of bonded joint and extend the service life of downhole pumping operation.
Study on Rubber-Pad Formation for Sheet Metal
Authors: Uyen Tran Minh The , Duong Thi Van Anh , Nguyen Huu Tri , Nguyen Van Phuc
Published: April 2022

This article introduces four rubber-pad formation techniques for the pressing and drawing of components from thin sheet metals. The Guerin process is the simplest technique of rubber formation, which enables the production of shallow sheet metal parts with complex contours and bends. Free formation is another technique used to draw near-hemispherical shells using a rubber medium. Different bending processes can also be conducted using a rubber pad as a flexible die. Multipoint formation is applied to form complex three-dimensional sheet metal parts with discrete dies and rubber cushions. The fundamentals of these techniques as well as the influence of process parameters on the results are investigated in this paper
Recent Progress in Research of Metal Melt Structure
Authors: Zhang Shang , Zeng Yi Dan
Published: April 2022

This article reviews the research methods and research progress of metal melt structures at home and abroad in recent years. Through liquid XRD, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction experiments, X-ray fine structure absorption spectroscopy, sensitive physical property testing and other experimental methods, as well as computer simulations, a lot of information about the structure of metal melts has been obtained. These studies are liquid-solid The structural transformation, the improvement of alloy structure and performance, and the preparation of amorphous provide theoretical guidance.
Clinical features predicting COVID-19 mortality risk
Authors: Kouhpayeh Hamidreza
Published: April 2022

Currently, the world is involved by a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), which has been responsible for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people so far. The consequences of infection with SARS-CoV-2 vary widely from asymptomatic to severe. Considering the increasing prevalence of different types of virus and acute infection with this disease, strategies to prevent mortality from COVID-19 should be seriously analyzed. In this study, the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with COVID-19 were investigated in order to identify risk factors for mortality. Chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), COPD, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, increased D-dimer, male gender, old age, smoking and obesity are among the deadly risk factors associated COVID-19. Furthermore, lymphopenia and neutrophilia are often present in patients with SARS-CoV-2, and the ratio of absolute neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR) was significantly increased in patients without bacterial infection. These findings could be used in the future to control and prevent disease, because timely identification of patients with risk of COVID-19 is important to provide better treatment strategies for reduction of mortality.
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, antimalarial, and antiproliferative activities of benzyloxy-4-oxopyridin benzoate derivatives
Authors: Mohebi Marjan , Fayazi Neda , Esmaeili Somayeh , Rostami Mahboubeh , Bagheri Fereshteh , Aliabadi Alireza , Asadi Parvin , Saghaie Lotfollah
Published: April 2022

Background and purpose:

Malaria and cancer are two major health issues affecting millions of lives annually. Maltol complexes and derivatives have been extensively investigated as chemotherapeutic and antimalarial activities. In this study, the design, synthesis, biological activities, and docking study of a novel series of pyridinones derivatives were reported.

Experimental approach:

The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were approved by FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and mass spectroscopies. The antimalarial activity was evaluated through β-hematin inhibition assay and the cytotoxicity activities were evaluated against PC12 and fibroblast cell lines via MTT and cell uptake assays. To theoretically investigate the ability of compounds to inhibit hemozoin formation, the synthesized compounds were docked in a heme sheet to explore their binding mode and possible interactions.

Findings/Results:

β-Hematin inhibition assay showed acceptable activity for 7f, 7c, and 7d compounds and the molecular docking study showed 7h and 7f had effective interactions with the heme sheet. The cytotoxic study revealed compound 4b (IC50 = 18 μM) was significantly more active against PC12 cells than docetaxel (IC50 = 280 μM). The observations of cell uptake images were also shown both cell penetration and monitoring potential of synthesized compounds.

Conclusion and implications:

The compounds showed a moderate ability to inhibition of heme polymerization and also good interaction with heme through molecular docking was observed. Additionally, some of them have a good cytotoxic effect on the study2 cell line. So further study on these compounds can lead to compounds that can be considered as anti-malarial and/or anticancer agents.
Beneficial effects of kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum klotzsch) ethanol extract to increase motor reflex and spatial memory in mice offspring (Mus musculus) from lactating mothers exposed to carbofuran
Authors: Luqman Epy Muhammad , Hestianah Eka Pramyrtha , Widjiati Widjiati , Kuncorojakti Suryo , Hendrawan Viski Fitri
Published: April 2022

Background and purpose:

This study aimed to determine the potency of kebar grass ethanol extract to overcome an increase in cerebellar neuronal cell necrosis, which has an impact on decreasing motor reflex function and spatial memory of mice from lactating mothers exposed to carbofuran.

Experimental approach:

Forty lactating mice were divided into four groups, 10 each; including control, T1 (carbofuran 0.0125 mg/day), T2 (vitamin C 5 mg + carbofuran 0.0125 mg/day), T3 (kebar grass extract 3.375 mg + carbofuran 0.0125 mg/day). The mice were orally administered with carbofuran, vitamin C, and kebar grass extract on days 0 to 14 postnatal. On the 15th day, brains of the mice were necropsied to measure the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), H&E staining; motor reflex tests were performed on 10-day-old mice, and the mice aged 30 days were tested on their swimming and spatial memory.

Findings / Results:

Carbofuran caused an increase in MDA, GSH, neuronal cell necrosis, surface righting reflex, a decrease in SOD, swimming ability, and spatial memory. Kebar grass extract and vitamin C administration decreased MDA, GSH, neuron necrosis, surface righting reflex, and increased SOD, swimming ability, and spatial memory.

Conclusion and implications:

Exposing to carbofuran in lactating mice caused brain oxidative stress, impaired motor reflexes, and spatial memory in mice offspring. Kebar grass extract and vitamin C administration prevented brain oxidative stress and inhibited disorders in motor reflexes, and spatial memory in mice offspring. Kebar grass extract administration was more effective than vitamin C.
Wide-field swept source optical coherence tomography angiography for peripheral polyps in peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy - A case report
Authors: Gupta Charu , Kumar Sandeep , Shroff Daraius , Astir Stuti , Shroff Cyrus
Published: April 2022

We depict the novel use of wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SSOCTA) to image and longitudinally follow peripheral polyps in peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR). A 65-year-old man with hemorrhagic mounds in the temporal mid-periphery of his left eye underwent wide-field en face and cross-sectional SSOCTA at the baseline and 3 monthly with a total follow-up of 10 months. We were able to image the peripheral polyps and branching vascular network (BVN) on wide-field SSOCTA and document its response to treatment. The SSOCTA findings correlated well to the gold standard indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).
Pigmented hypopyon – An approach to management
Authors: Agrawal Kushal Umeshbhai , Joshi Kashmira Limaye
Published: April 2022

A 60-year-old Indian male presented with diminution of vision in the right eye for 3 months duration. Subsequent evaluation showed signs of granulomatous anterior uveitis, scleral thinning and brown colored pigmented hypopyon in the right eye. Patient was thoroughly evaluated for all possible associations of pigmented hypopyon. He was found to have positive mantoux test, QTB Gold test, positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Middlebrook 7H9 medium and positive MPT64 antigen test confirming the diagnosis of intraocular tuberculosis. He was treated with anti-tubercular treatment and oral steroids and subsequently with dexamethasone intravitreal implant. He had complete resolution of pigmented hypopyon with improvement in visual acuity. This case highlights an approach to management in cases of pigmented hypopyon and also highlights that an aggressive management in such cases is pertinent to saving the eye and vision.
Diagnostic criteria for pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension – A tale of two cases
Authors: Maan Veenu , Agarwal Pradeep
Published: April 2022

There is a diagnostic dilemma for pediatric Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), presenting rarely. Most clinicians use the Friedman et al. criteria. However, it is not appropriate because of the variability in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure and other parameters between children less than 8 years and adults. We report two cases of IIH in children less than 8 years. Both indicate a chance of misdiagnosis using the Friedman et al. criteria in pediatric IIH. Based on our observation, a combination of Rangwala et al.'s recommendation and Friedman et al.'s criteria is suggested for diagnosing pediatric IIH in children less than 8 years of age.
Systemic sarcoidosis presenting as nasolacrimal duct obstruction – A rare presentation
Authors: Salim Shebin , Pauly Marian , Krishnakumar Subramanian
Published: April 2022

Lacrimal sac sarcoidosis is rare and reported in 7.7% of the cases of systemic sarcoidosis. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction, as the initial presentation of sarcoidosis, is very rare. A 50-year-old woman presented to us with complaints of watering and discharge from the right eye for the past 3 months. On examination, she was found to have a right-sided nasolacrimal duct obstruction and underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). Intraoperatively, a biopsy was done because of the abnormally thickened sac wall. The histopathology examination was suggestive of granulomatous inflammation. After ruling out tuberculosis and fungal infection with the appropriate investigation, a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis with lacrimal sac involvement was made because of the mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computed tomography. She was treated with a course of oral steroids along with immunosuppressants for 3 months. There was no evidence of recurrence at 8 months of follow-up.
Ocular changes after accidental exposure to distilled water
Authors: Karki Pooja , Gurung Chandra M , Sharma Archana , Joshi Ayush , Bajgai Priya
Published: April 2022

We report ocular changes following accidental injection of distilled water into the anterior chamber during cataract surgery. We have documented eight eyes that had an accidental distilled water exposure in the anterior chamber following which they developed corneal edema, raised intraocular pressure (IOP), and pigment dispersion into the anterior chamber. We treated all the patients with topical steriods and sodium chloride 5% solution and anti-glaucoma medications as required. All of them had pigment dispersion and deposition into the anterior chamber and onto the corneal endothelium and the intraocular lens surface. All the patients had resolution of edema and good vision postoperatively after a month. Thus, patients who were exposed to accidental injection of distilled water into the anterior chamber during cataract surgery had a toxic reaction in the postoperative period. However, the corneal transparency was restored completely without complications with adequate treatment. A strict protocol must be followed by the OT staff and the members at various stages of surgery to prevent such mishaps from happening.
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia as a result of cerebral metastatic disease
Authors: Patel Veshesh , Mehra Divy , Diaz-Martell Yanet , Saavedra Lino , Alvarado Javier , Barros Jose
Published: April 2022

This case demonstrates an acute case of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) caused by cerebral metastasis from a small cell lung cancer, the only such case documented in the literature. A 54-year-old male presented to the emergency department for worsening headache and diplopia, secondary to INO. On further examination, a CT scan of the chest revealed a 6.1 × 4.8 × 6.8 cm solid mass in the right lower lung consistent with small-cell lung cancer. T2-weighted MRI exhibited bilateral supratentorial and infratentorial lesions interpreted as metastatic cancer. The patient's symptoms, including INO, were caused by the mass effect from the metastatic brain lesions.
Intraocular eyelash-associated ocular inflammation and hypotony following open globe injury
Authors: Kasturi Nirupama , Chavhan Pratima , Natarajan Kaviyapriya
Published: April 2022

A 5-year-old girl presented with penetrating ocular trauma associated with severe intraocular inflammation and hypotony persisting after globe repair. On re-exploration, intraocular eyelashes were found in the posterior chamber causing fibrosis and ciliary body traction. The child underwent membranectomy with anterior vitrectomy. Postoperatively, the inflammation subsided with steroids and cycloplegic therapy and vision improved to 6/24. This report describes a unique case of intraocular eyelashes that caused severe inflammation along with hypotony that were not found by routine slit-lamp examination but identified during membranectomy.