bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“A Comprehensive Concept for Modernization of the Bundeswehr”
Authors: Lomakin A.
Published: May 2023

As a key regional player, Germany can make a significant contribution to the defense of NATO and the EU. By employing militarily and politically the essential ground forces, which can form the basis when organizing the defense of other members of the Alliance, in the context of the application of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty, Germany’s policy on Bundeswehr reform and the costs of this reform deserve special attention. Whereas in the second track, the vector of work as well as the amount of military aid is very clear, in the case of the armed forces reform there are certain peculiarities. After a long period of stagnation and underfunding of the German Army, the trend is reversed. Today, the German politico-military leadership is striving to achieve more sovereignty and autonomy in the military sphere. As of 2022, the Bundeswehr is an active participant in NATO’s international missions and operations. It forms the backbone of the Alliance’s rapid reaction force in Eastern Europe, cooperating with other Eastern European states on the intergovernmental level. There is also an active partnership through Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) in the context of the Common Security and Defense Policy within the European Union. The prospect of implementing the set of reforms opens a window of opportunity for Germany to increase its national politico-military capabilities in Europe, which could be realized in the field of consolidating the country as one of the regional hegemons. Besides, within the framework of the new NATO Concept, there is a provision of building up the rapid reaction force on the eastern border of the Alliance, which is actively supported by the Bundeswehr. This could lead to an even greater escalation of the conflict between NATO and the Russian Federation.
Efektivitas Terapi Swedish Massage sebagai Upaya Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi: Kajian Literatur
Authors: Raditya Anindya Petra Bagas , Anggraini Stefani Vista Ayu , Kusumawati Vinda Dolorosana , Juhdeliena Juhdeliena
Published: May 2023

Hypertension is one of the causes of the highest morbidity in the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence rate of hypertension in 2018 reached 34.1% for the population over 18 years of age. There are various efforts that can be made to lower the blood pressure in hypertensive patients, one of which is Swedish massage therapy. Swedish massage therapy is an act of doing massage through effleurage, petrissage, friction, tapotement, and vibration techniques on certain parts of the body for a relaxing effect to lower blood pressure through the release of the hormones adrenaline in the parasympathetic system. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Swedish massage therapy as an effort to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.  This study uses a literature review design. The data used were taken from two databases, Google Scholar and Research Gate, using boolean AND, and were searched based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Article search results is presented in the PRISMA diagram. The articles obtained are then performed Critical Appraisal and due diligence using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools, then analysed using the simplified thematic approach.  The search results obtained as many as 555 articles on Google Scholar and 36 articles on Research Gate, bringing a total of 591 articles and a total of six articles were researched. In conclusion, Swedish massage therapy is effective in lowering blood pressure in hipertensive patients
EKSTRAK DAUN PILADANG (Solenostemon scutellarioides (l.) codd) MENURUNKAN KADAR PROCALCITONIN DAN FGF-2 SALIVA PADA TIKUS WISTAR MODEL PERIODONTITIS KRONIS
Authors: Prihastuti Christiana Cahyani , Primandaru Ario Ditto , Widodo A Haris Budi , Suhesti Tuti Sri , Djati Fanni Kusuma , Ramadhani Amilia , Satrio Rinawati
Published: May 2023

Periodontitis kronis merupakan inflamasi jaringan periodontal yang disebabkan oleh biofilm bakteri plak dan ditandai dengan pembentukan poket periodontal, resesi gingiva, resorpsi tulang alveolar yang berakibat pada kegoyangan gigi. Perawatan utama periodontitis kronis adalah scaling root planing (SRP) untuk menghilangkan bakteri sebagai etiologi utama namun seringkali membutuhkan terapi adjuvant. Pengembangan terapi adjuvant dari bahan alami diharapkan dapat mengurangi efek samping, salah satunya daun piladang yang diketahui mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, saponin, serta tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun piladang terhadap kadar procalcitonin dan fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) saliva pada tikus model periodontitis kronis. Dua puluh lima tikus Wistar jantan 2-3 bulan, berat badan 150-200 gram dan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok periodontitis kronis dengan perlakuan ekstrak daun piladang dosis 150 mg/kg BB, 300 mg/kg BB, dan 600 mg/kg BB (P1, P2, P3), kelompok periodontitis kronis dengan perlakuan Na-CMC 1% (kontrol negatif/ KN), serta kontrol sehat (KS). Perlakuan selama tiga hari dilanjutkan pengambilan sampel saliva pada hari ke-empat. Kadar procalcitonin dan FGF-2 saliva diukur dengan uji ELISA. Analisis statistic menggunakan uji One-Way Anova dilanjutkan Post hoc LSD. Hasil menunjukkan penurunan kadar procalcitonin dan FGF-2 saliva pada kelompok perlakuan ekstrak daun piladang (P1, P2, P3) seiring peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak, berbeda signifikan daripada kontrol negatif (p≤0,05), dan menyamai kondisi sehat (p>0,05). Hal ini mengindikasikan ekstrak daun piladang dapat mempercepat fase inflamasi dan proliferasi pada tikus model periodontitis kronis.
Forecasting The Search Trends of The Keyword “Sarung Wadimor” In Indonesia on Google Trends Data Using Time Series Regression with Calender Variation and Arima Box-Jenkins
Authors: Dani Andrea Tri , Fauziyah Meirinda , Sandariria Hardina
Published: May 2023

The impact of this 4.0 era is that data is growing and can be collected very easily and then reprocessed to obtain information. One of the search engines for various data and information that is often used is Google, causing a high search intensity and will further impact on increasing the amount of data generated by search engines. Google Trends is one of the official websites from Google that reflects or takes pictures of events in society based on search keywords. The search keyword that will be studied in this article is “Sarung Wadimor”. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to forecast the search trend for the keyword "Sarung Wadimor" which is interesting because the resulting time series data pattern shows a recurring pattern due to the effect of calendar variations which are thought to be related to the month of Ramadan. Forecasting modeling uses Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Time Series Regression (TSR). The goodness of the model used in this article is the Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). Based on the results of the analysis, using three goodness-of-fit measures shows that the TSR model with the Calendar Variation of Ramadan + Month Periods has smaller MSE, RMSE, and SMAPE values than the other models with goodness-of-fit values of 88.602, 9.413, and 26.950, respectively. Forecasting results for the next 6 periods show that the search trend for the keyword "Sarung Wadimor" tends to decrease, this is because the month of Ramadan is still quite far in 2023.
Dual Inhibition of the Wnt Inhibitors DKK1 and Sclerostin Promotes Fracture Healing and Increases the Density and Strength of Uninjured Bone
Authors: Florio Monica , Kostenuik Paul J. , Stolina Marina , Asuncion Franklin J. , Grisanti Mario , Ke Hua Zhu , Ominsky Michael S.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Fracture repair involves the reactivation of developmental signaling cascades, including Wnt signaling that stimulates bone formation and bone regeneration. Rodent data indicate that dual inhibition of the Wnt signaling antagonists sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) increases callus bone volume and strength while increasing bone mass systemically.

Methods:

We evaluated the effects of 16 weeks of subcutaneously administered carrier solution (vehicle, VEH), anti-sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab), anti-DKK1 antibody (DKK1-Ab), or Scl-Ab plus DKK1-Ab combination therapy (COMBO) on ulnar osteotomy healing in nonhuman primates (cynomolgus monkeys; 20 to 22 per group).

Results:

Scl-Ab and COMBO therapy increased systemic markers of bone formation versus VEH, with COMBO leading to synergistic increases versus Scl-Ab or DKK1-Ab monotherapies. The COMBO and Scl-Ab groups showed reduced serum markers of bone resorption versus VEH. The COMBO and DKK1-Ab groups exhibited greater callus bone mineral density (BMD), torsional stiffness, and torsional rigidity versus VEH. Lumbar vertebrae from the Scl-Ab and COMBO groups showed greater BMD and bone formation rate versus VEH, and the femoral mid-diaphysis of the Scl-Ab and COMBO groups showed greater periosteal and endocortical bone formation rates versus VEH.

Conclusions:

DKK1-Ab increased BMD and strength at the ulnar osteotomy site, Scl-Ab increased bone formation and BMD at uninjured skeletal sites, and Scl-Ab plus DKK1-Ab combination therapy induced all of these effects, in some cases to a greater degree versus 1 or both monotherapies. These results in nonhuman primates suggest that DKK1 preferentially regulates bone healing while sclerostin preferentially regulates systemic bone mass.

Clinical Relevance:

Combination therapy with antibodies against sclerostin and DKK1 may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for both fracture treatment and fracture prevention.
Memperkuat Konsep Pendidikan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional: Analisis terhadap Kajian Literatur dan Best Practices
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Rosita Rosita
Published: May 2023

This study aims to strengthen the PSBI concept through an analysis of literature and best practices. This study collects and analyzes journal articles related to the concept of international school education. The design used is a literature review. Journal articles were collected using the Harzing's Publish or Perish application (windows GUI edition). The journal articles used are published in 2018-2022. Based on the journal articles collected, the results show that: (1) International Standard Schools are also based on the Rencana Strategis Departemen Pendidikan Nasional in 2005-2009; (2) Leadership management plays a very important role in determining the success of SBI implementation in order to meet domestic/abroad quality reference and quality assurance criteria; (3) Not all agree that fees at RSBI/SBI are expensive because expensive fees are considered relative and commensurate with the facilities provided; (4) The existence of madrasas that are able to compete at the regional, national and international levels; (5) The principal's leadership influences the quality and quality of the school; (6) A number of SBI teachers from foreign countries explained that there are "culture problems" when meeting different cultures; (7) There is an important (significant) influence between the facilities and infrastructure at SBI on the quality of education; (8) There is a government policy that provides room for the use of existing funds and the central government does not socialize the SBI program; (9) The application of an international standard curriculum in public schools is not enough with the existing strategy.
Analisis Butir Soal Tipe Multiple Choice Questions pada Penilaian Harian Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ramadhan Wandri , Malahati Fildza , Romadhon Kharisma , Ramadhan Syahrul
Published: May 2023

Daily assessment is an important educational instrument because it can assist teachers in measuring student learning progress. One of the most commonly used types of evaluation is Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). This study aims to reveal the quality of daily assessment items in the form of MCQs based on effectiveness, reliability coefficient, and item deception. This quantitative descriptive research uses statistical data analysis, which is then processed into a description. The assessment instrument grid used theme 4 elementary school material. The instrument was tested on 20 class V MIN 3 Padang students. The results of this study found that the items in the test instrument were good enough to use because they had an average score of 11,367, a moderate difficulty level with a score of 0.568, and element values were quite reliable. They had good discriminating power with a score of 0.070. Even so, there are still a number of items that are not of high quality in terms of difficulty level, discriminating power, and question distraction, so they need to be revised or replaced with other items.
Desain Level Berbasis Storyboard Pada Perancangan Game Edukasi Augmented Reality Tap The Trash
Authors: Nendya Matahari Bhakti , Susanto Budi , Tamtama Gabriel Indra Widi , Wijaya Timotius Johan
Published: May 2023

Abstrak
Desain level merupakan sebuah proses dimana membuat pengalaman bermain yang menarik bagi pemain. Desain level mengkombinasikan berbagai macam elemen yang berupa level, mekanik, grafik dan suara. berbagai macam teknik desain level telah dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan dalam game baik 2D maupun 3D. Penelitian ini mencoba mengimplementasikan desain level pada game berbasis augmented reality. Dalam penyusunan level digunakan teknik storyboard yang umumnya dipakai dalam industri film dan televisi. Desain storyboard mengacu pada model storyboard experimental dimana model ini digunakan untuk memberikan perintah pada obyek tertentu. Hasil yang didapatkan model storyboard dapat diimplementasikan pada game dengan menggunakan flutter dan ARCore. Hasil pengujiannya menandakan adanya dinamika level dimana semakin tinggi levelnya maka player akan mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan objective game.
Kata kunci: level desain, storyboard, game, augmented reality, fluter, ARCore
 
Abstract
[An approach to level design based on storyboards in augmented reality educational games: Tap The Trash]. The level design aims to provide players with an engaging gaming experience. Designing levels involves combining various elements, such as mechanics, graphics, and sounds. There are a variety of level design techniques that can be applied both in 2D and 3D games. A study of level design for augmented reality-based games is presented in this paper. The levels are prepared using storyboarding techniques, commonly employed in the film and television industries. An experimental storyboard model uses a storyboard to give orders to various objects within a story. With Flutter and ARCore, games can be developed based on the results obtained by the storyboard model. Test results indicate that completing the objective game becomes more difficult as the level is raised.
Keywords: design level, storyboard, game, augmented reality, fluter, ARCore
Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Aplikasi Siaga Bencana Kebakaran Pada Civitas Akademika Universitas X
Authors: Rudyarti Edwina
Published: May 2023

Penilaian kesiapsiagaan bencana kebakaran yang diukur melalui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan sangat penting agar dapat meminimalisir risiko jika terjadi kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapsiagaan civitas akademika dalam menghadapi ancaman bencana kebakaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan analisis data secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Program SPSS. Sampel penelitian ini adalah civitas akademika Universitas X diantaranya diambil sampel penelitian dengan jumlah  55 orang mahasiswa, 30 orang dosen dan 15 orang staff. Hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan seluruh civitas akademika mengenai kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana kebakaran menunjukkan hasil dengan frequensi paling tinggi kategori sedang dengan prosentase 63,3% untuk dosen, dan  66,7% untuk mahasiswa, dan di 72,7% untuk staff, jadi dapat dikatakan bahwa civitas akademika memiliki tingkat pengetahuan mayoritas adalah sedang, dan pengetahuan tentang aplikasi bencana juga tergolong sedang, sedangkan sikap dan kepedulian seluruh civitas akademika terhadap risiko kebakaran menyatakan sangat setuju dengan kebijakan, peraturan yang akan dibuat, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesiapsiagaan bencana kebakaran pada civitas akademika masih kurang. Diperlukan komitmen bersama antara manajemen dan anggota institusi untuk memperkuat pengetahuan dan penerapan kesiapsiagaan bencana kebakaran
Implementación de un sistema de mesa de ayuda para gestión de incidencias de la empresa Resemin, 2022	Andrew Mayers Marcapura Campos
Authors:   , Marcapura Campos Andrew Mayers
Published: May 2023

El propósito de este estudio es determinar si el establecimiento de un sistema de mesa de ayuda mejora en la gestión de incidencias de la organización Resemin. Se realizó el estudio mediante un diseño pre experimental, se empleó una muestra de 169 registros de incidentes antes de la implementación en el mes de marzo del 2022 y 169 registros de incidentes después de la implementación en el mes de mayo del 2022 a los cuales se les aplico mediante el registro de observación la medición de los tiempos de ejecución en minutos. Los resultados muestran que respecto a la variable gestión de incidencias, donde el tiempo del post test es mucho menor al pre test respecto a las dimensiones registro y categorización, diagnóstico y escala, resolución y cierre. Se llevó a cabo la demostración de U. de Mann Whitney en las tres dimensiones, donde para todas resulto significativa con un Sig. < 0.05, de tal manera que se rechaza las hipótesis nulas y se aceptan las alternantes. Por lo tanto, la implementación del sistema GLPI mejora en gestión de incidencias, ya que es una herramienta completa que permite administrar los tickets generados por usuarios, permitiendo generar perfiles, reportes y estadísticas dependiendo de la categoría que se elija.
Severidad de sarcopenia y riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes adultos mayores
Authors:   , Tarazona Infanzon Rosa Luisa , Tineo Simon Silvia Sofia
Published: May 2023

Introducción y objetivo: La sarcopenia es una enfermedad caracterizada por una reducción generalizada de la masa y fuerza muscular, siendo los adultos mayores la población más afectada, puesto que predispone a fragilidad y a su vez a caídas, discapacidad, dependencia y mortalidad. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la asociación entre la severidad de la sarcopenia y el riesgo de mortalidad en adultos mayores. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, de tipo cohorte, secundario a un análisis de base de datos del “CEMENA Frailty Study”. Se incluyó un total 1651 pacientes > 60 años del “Servicio de Geriatría del Centro Médico Naval” en los años 2010-2015. Utilizamos un análisis bivariado y de regresión de Poisson, calculándose el riesgo relativo entre sarcopenia, mortalidad y sus covariables. Resultados: El análisis bivariado, mostró diferencias significativas entre las covariables y el riesgo de mortalidad: estado civil, dependencia funcional, dos o más comorbilidades, sarcopenia confirmada y sarcopenia severa. La regresión de Poisson evidenció que la sarcopenia confirmada [RR: 3,72 (IC 95%: 2,66-5,21)] y sarcopenia severa [RR: 4,82 (IC 95%: 3,47-6,70)] aumentan el riesgo de mortalidad. Conclusiones: El riesgo de mortalidad aumentó significativamente en los adultos mayores que estuvieron expuestos a sarcopenia confirmada y severa. Lo que podría permitir al personal de salud intervenir de manera precoz para el manejo de estos pacientes.
Titulación de anticuerpos de rabia en perros destinados a exportación de veterinaria ubicada en distrito de Jesús María durante el año 2019
Authors:   , Malpartida Galdo Samanta Andrea
Published: May 2023

La rabia es una enfermedad zoonótica viral y cosmopolita, en el contexto de viajes de perros al extranjero se requiere una evidencia serológica protectora para prevenir la introducción del virus a diferentes países. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la titulación de anticuerpos de rabia en perros destinados a exportación durante el año 2019. Las historias clínicas de 185 perros con destino al extranjero que se atendieron en un Centro Veterinario ubicado en el distrito de Jesús María fueron recolectadas, se analizó información demográfica: sexo (macho/hembra), edad (≤1 año, 2-4 años, 5-7 años, ≥8 años), raza (mestizo/puro) y tamaño (pequeño, mediano, grande), así como resultados serológicos (Aceptable/No Aceptable) según la Prueba de Neutralización de Anticuerpos Fluorescentes (FAVN), a un punto de corte 0.5UI/mL. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva (tablas y gráficos de frecuencia), y estadística inferencial (prueba de correlación de Spearman). La titulación de anticuerpos en perros destinados a exportación durante el año 2019 fue ≥ 0.5UI/mL en el 98.9% de animales evaluados, la titulación promedio evidenció menores niveles en perros ≤ 1 año y entre 5 – 7 años, asimismo, presentaron niveles de protección no aceptables (< 0.5UI/mL), el 2.2% de perros de raza pura presentó niveles inadecuados de anticuerpos. Por otro lado, el 49.2% de canes presentó títulos de 4 a 6 UI/mL y el 17.3%, niveles de 2 a 4 UI/mL, con un promedio aceptable de 3.92UI/mL y no aceptable de 0.2UI/mL. Finalmente, la dispersión de títulos de anticuerpos disminuyó con el transcurso de los meses.
Photo-elasticity of silk fibroin harnessing whispering gallery modes
Authors: Korakas Nikolaos , Vurro Davide , Tsilipakos Odysseas , Vasileiadis Thomas , Graczykowski Bartlomiej , Cucinotta Annamaria , Selleri Stefano , Fytas George , Iannotta Salvatore , Pissadakis Stavros
Published: May 2023

Silk fibroin is an important biomaterial for photonic devices in wearable systems. The functionality of such devices is inherently influenced by the stimulation from elastic deformations, which are mutually coupled through photo-elasticity. Here, we investigate the photo-elasticity of silk fibroin employing optical whispering gallery mode resonation of light at the wavelength of 1550 nm. The fabricated amorphous (Silk I) and thermally-annealed semi-crystalline structure (Silk II) silk fibroin thin film cavities display typical Q-factors of about 1.6x104. Photo-elastic experiments are performed tracing the TE and TM shifts of the whispering gallery mode resonances upon application of an axial strain. The strain optical coefficient K’ for Silk I fibroin is found to be 0.059±0.004, with the corresponding value for Silk II being 0.129±0.004. Remarkably, the elastic Young’s modulus, measured by Brillouin light spectroscopy, is only about 4% higher in the Silk II phase. However, differences between the two structures are pronounced regarding the photo-elastic properties due to the onset of β-sheets that dominates the Silk II structure.
No significant effect of mortality salience on unconscious ethnic bias among the Japanese
Authors: Otsubo Kai , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki
Published: May 2023

Objective
Terror management theory posits that when mortality is salient, individuals attempt to defend their cultural worldviews. Although numerous studies have confirmed this hypothesis, some recent studies have suggested that East Asians do not engage in worldview defense. We conducted a pre-registered experiment with 895 Japanese adults to investigate whether they exhibited worldview defense at an unconscious level. Participants performed the Implicit Association Test using Japanese and Korean surnames as stimuli after being primed with thoughts about mortality.
Results
The results revealed that mortality salience had no influence on implicit ethnic bias. These findings support the notion that East Asians do not engage in worldview defense, in accord with recent criticism of the validity of terror management theory. We discuss the limitations and implications of our findings.
Continuous and repeat metabolic measurements compared between post-cardiothoracic surgery and critical care patients
Authors: Shinozaki Koichiro , Yu Pey-Jen , Zhou Qiuping , Cassiere Hugh A. , John Stanley , Rolston Daniel M. , Garg Nidhi , Li Timmy , Johnson Jennifer , Saeki Kota , Goto Taiki , Okuma Yu , Miyara Santiago J. , Hayashida Kei , Aoki Tomoaki , Wong Vanessa K. , Molmenti Ernesto P. , Lampe Joshua W. , Becker Lance B.
Published: May 2023

Objective: Using a system, which accuracy is equivalent to the gold standard Douglas Bag (DB) technique for measuring oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide generation (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ), we aimed to continuously measure these metabolic indicators and compare the values between post-cardiothoracic surgery and critical care patients.
Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted at a suburban, quaternary care teaching hospital. Age 18 years or older healthy volunteers and patients who underwent mechanical ventilation were enrolled.
Results: We included 4 post-surgery and 6 critical care patients. Of those, 3 critical care patients died. The longest measurement reached to 12 hrs and 15 minutes and 50 cycles of repeat measurements were performed. VO2 of the post-surgery patients were 234 +/- 14, 262 +/- 27, 212 +/- 16, and 192 +/- 20 mL/min, and those of critical care patients were 122 +/- 20, 189 +/- 9, 191 +/- 7, 191 +/- 24, 212 +/- 12, and 135 +/- 21 mL/min, respectively. The value of VO2 was more variable in the post-surgery patients and the range of each patient was 44, 126, 71, and 67, respectively. Generalized linear mixed-effect model identified that the post-surgery patients had higher VO2 than the critical care patients (p<0.01). The post-surgery patients also had higher VCO2 than critical care patients (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in RQ between the two groups.
Conclusions: We developed an accurate system that enables continuous and repeat measurements of VO2, VCO2, and RQ. Critical care patients may have less activity in metabolism represented by lower values of VO2 and VCO2, which were less variable over time as compared to those of post-cardiothoracic surgery patients.
Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging fundus camera
Authors: Zhao Ruixuan , Yang Chengshuai , Gao Liang
Published: May 2023

Spectral imaging holds great promise for the non-invasive diagnosis of retinal diseases. However, to acquire a spectral datacube, conventional spectral cameras require extensive scanning, leading to a prolonged acquisition. Therefore, they are inapplicable to retinal imaging because of the rapid eye movement. To address this problem, we built a coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging fundus camera, which captures a large-sized spectral datacube in a single exposure. Moreover, to reconstruct a high-resolution image, we developed a robust deep unfolding algorithm using a state-of-the-art spectral transformer in the denoising network. We demonstrated the system performance on both standard targets and an eye phantom.
Mental health and psychosocial situation of children and adolescents in Jordan before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review
Authors: Tanaka Eizaburo , Khader Yousef , Izutsu Takashi , Hamawi Rana Al , Al-Faouri Taimaa , Tsutsumi Atsuro
Published: May 2023

BackgroundJordan has been developing its mental health systems in collaboration with the World Health Organization since 2008. In 2018, child and adolescent mental health was included in the Jordanian National Mental Health and Substance Use Action Plan. In addition, a joint effort between Japan and Jordan is ongoing since 2021 to strengthen the mental health care for children and adolescents. This review aims to summarise the existing literature for better comprehension of the current mental health situation of children and adolescents in Jordan.MethodsA scoping review was conducted to map the mental health and psychosocial issues of children and adolescents in Jordan. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2016 and 2022 were systematically searched in PubMed, PsychINFO, Global Health, and Embase databases. The data were summarised thematically. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety. The study protocol was registered prospectively at the University Hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trials Registry (registration number UMIN000046513) on 31st December, 2021.ResultsA total of 53 studies were identified. Depression was the most examined mental health problem. The prevalence of depression varied greatly, from 9.5–73.8%. The meta-analysis showed that the overall pooled prevalence of depression was 34.0%, with 95% confidence intervals of 27.4–40.6. The subgroup analysis of depression prevalence (general population before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: 31.7% and 48.3%, respectively) implied a possible deterioration of mental health of the youth. In addition to depression, mental health issues such as emotional/behavioural symptoms, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), eating disorders, and substance use have been discussed in the literature. Although three studies addressed mental health and psychosocial interventions, none demonstrated efficacy.ConclusionsThis scoping review highlights the potentially high prevalence of mental health issues among children and adolescents in Jordan despite the huge heterogeneity among the selected studies. In addition, it shows a probable deterioration in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic; there is limited evidence of mental health and psychosocial interventions for this population. Further large-scale epidemiological studies are required to understand the current mental health situation of children and adolescents in Jordan.
Weighted Spin Torque Nano-Oscillator System for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Böhnert Tim , Rezaeiyan Yasser , Claro Marcel , Benetti Luana , Jenkins Alex , Farkhani Hooman , Moradi Farshad , Ferreira Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Here we show the weighted spin torque nano-oscillator (WSTNO) as a programmable building block for the next-generation neuromorphic computing systems. The WSTNO is a spintronic circuit composed of two spintronic devices made of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs): non-volatile magnetic memories acting as synapses and non-linear spin torque nano-oscillator (STNO) acting as a neuron. Both MTJ types are fabricated from a multifunctional MTJ stack in a single fabrication process, which allows close proximity of the devices, reduces the footprint and is compatible with monolithic integration on top of CMOS technology. The non-linear output based on the weighted sum of the inputs is demonstrated in a proof-of-principle implementation of the WSTNO using three MTJs. The oscillator shows an output power above 3 µW and frequencies of 240 MHz. Multidisciplinary: physics, material science, electrical engineering, spintronics, neuromorphic computation
Insufficient SIRT1 in macrophages promotes oxidative stress and inflammation during scarring
Authors: He Ting , Bai Xiaozhi , Li Yan , Zhang Dongliang , Xu Zhigang , Yang Xuekang , Hu Dahai , Han Juntao
Published: May 2023

Background Macrophage is a critical regulator in wound healing and scar formation, and SIRT1 is related to macrophage activation and polarization, while the specific mechanism is still unclear.Methods To explore the specific effects of SIRT1 in scarring, we established skin incision mice model and LPS induced inflammation cell model. The expression of SIRT1 in tissue and macrophage was detected, and level of SIRT1 was changed to observe the downstream effects. LPS-induced macrophages with or without SIRT1 deficiency were used for TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis.Results SIRT1 was suppressed in scar while increased in macrophages of scar tissue. And macrophages were proven to be necessary for wound healing. In the early stage of wound healing, knockout of SIRT1 in macrophage could greatly strengthen inflammation and finally promote scarring. NADH-related activities and oxidoreductase activities were differentially expressed in TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis. We confirmed that ROS production and NOX2 level were elevated after LPS stimulation while the Nrf2 pathway and the downstream proteins, such as Nqo-1 and HO-1, were suppressed. In contrast, the suppression of SIRT1 strengthened this trend. The NF-κB pathway was remarkably activated compared with the control group.Conclusions Insufficient increase of SIRT1 in macrophage leads to over activated oxidative stress and activates NF-κB pathways, which then promotes inflammation in wound healing and scarring. Further increasing SIRT1 in macrophages could be a promising method to alleviate scarring.
Injury-experienced satellite cells retain long-term enhanced regenerative capacity
Authors: Morroni Jacopo , Benedetti Anna , Riera Carles Sanchez , Giordani Lorenzo , Bouche Marina , Lozanoska-Ochser Biliana
Published: May 2023

Background
Inflammatory memory or trained immunity is a recently described process in immune and non-immune tissue resident cells, whereby previous exposure to inflammation mediators leads to a faster and stronger responses upon secondary challenge. Whether previous muscle injury is associated with altered responses to subsequent injury by satellite cells (SCs), the muscle stem cells, is not known.
Methods
we used a mouse model of repeated muscle injury, in which intramuscular cardiotoxin (CTX) injections were administered 50 days apart in order to allow for full recovery of the injured muscle before the second injury. The effect of prior injury on the phenotype, proliferation and regenerative potential of satellite cells following a second injury was examined in vitro and in vivo by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, WB, and histological analysis.
Results
We show that SCs isolated from muscle at 50 days post- injury (‘injury-experienced SCs (ieSCs)) enter the cell cycle faster and form bigger myotubes when cultured in vitro, compared to control SCs isolated from uninjured contralateral muscle. Injury-experienced SCs were characterised by the activation of the mTORC 1 signalling pathway, suggesting they are poised to activate sooner following a second injury. Consequently, upon second injury, SCs accumulate in greater numbers in muscle at 3 and 10 days after injury. These changes in SC phenotype and behaviour were associated with accelerated muscle regeneration, as evidenced by an earlier appearance of bigger fibers and increased number of myonuclei per fiber at day 10 after the second injury.
Conclusions
Overall, we show that skeletal muscle injury has a lasting effect on SC function priming them to respond faster to a subsequent injury. The ieSCs have long-term enhanced regenerative properties that contribute to accelerated regeneration following a secondary challenge.
Evaluation of the protective efficacy of Olyset®Plus ceiling net on reducing malaria prevalence in children in Lake Victoria basin, Kenya: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kagaya Wataru , Chan Chim Wai , Kongere James , Kanoi Bernard N , Ngara Mtakai , Omondi Protus , Osborne Asley , Barbieri Laura , Kc Achyut , Minakawa Noboru , Gitaka Jesse , Kaneko Akira
Published: May 2023

Background
In the Lake Victoria basin of western Kenya, malaria remains highly endemic despite high coverage of interventions such as insecticide-impregnated long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN). The malaria-protective effect of LLINs is hampered by insecticide resistance in Anopheles vectors and its repurposing by the community. Ceiling nets and LLIN with synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO-LLIN) are novel tools that can overcome the problems of behavioral variation of net use and metabolic resistance to insecticide, respectively. The two have been shown to reduce malaria prevalence when used independently. Integration of these two tools (i.e., ceiling nets made with PBO-LLIN or Olyset®Plus ceiling nets) appears promising in further reducing the malaria burden.
Methods
A cluster-randomized controlled trial is designed to assess the effect of Olyset®Plus ceiling nets on reducing malaria prevalence in children on Mfangano Island in Homa Bay County, where malaria transmission is moderate. Olyset®Plus ceiling nets will be installed in 1,315 residential structures. Malaria parasitological, entomological, and serological indicators will be measured for 12 months to compare the effectiveness of this new intervention against conventional LLIN in the control arm.
Discussion
Wider adoption of Olyset®Plus ceiling nets to complement existing interventions may benefit other malaria endemic counties and be incorporated as part of Kenya's national malaria elimination strategy.
Trial registration
UMIN000045079, registered on 4th August 2021.
Altered Insulin Secretion Dynamics Relates to Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Activation in Children with Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Authors: González-Domínguez Álvaro , Belmonte Thalía , Domínguez-Riscart Jesús , Ruiz-Ocaña Pablo , Muela-Zarzuela Inés , Saez-Benito Ana , Montañez-Martínez Raúl , Mateos Rosa M. , Lechuga-Sancho Alfonso M
Published: May 2023

Background Insulin resistance (IR) is considered the main driver of obesity related metabolic complications, and is related with oxidative stress and inflammation which in turn promote each other. However, there is still no specific definition of IR in children. Altered insulin secretion dynamics are also related with worse metabolic profiles and type 2 diabetes mellitus development, thus we aimed to test whether if insulin response relates with oxidative stress and inflammation.Methods We conducted a case-control study, including 132 children (33 controls; 42 with obesity but no IR; 25 with obesity and IR and an early insulin response to OGTT; 32 with obesity, IR, and a late insulin peak), and studied variables related with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and inflammasome activationResults Children with obesity and IR with an early insulin response, behaved much like those without IR an almost every parameter. It was late responders who presented an impaired antioxidant system and elevated oxidative damage in erythrocytes and plasma, and inflammasome activation at their white blood cells, despite lower classical inflammation markers. Increased uric acid levels seems to be one of the underlying mechanisms for inflammasome activation.Conclusions It is insulin response to an OGTT what better identifies children with obesity suffering oxidative stress and inflammasome activation. Uric acid could be mediating this pathological inflammatory response by activating NLRP3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Difficulty Analysis of Question Sets Using Supervised Learning
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Adeem Mir , Mathias Saharsh Justin , S Ayyasamy
Published: May 2023

The Naive Bayes classifier is one of the most basic techniques to classification that may nevertheless provide good accuracy. Bayesian reasoning, of which the naive Bayes classifier is an example, is based on the Bayes rule, which relates probabilities that are conditional and marginal. The strategy that we utilized in this project was to implement such a Naive Bayes Algorithm to classify based on a decision attribute that is produced by mining the answer dataset from numerous participants and assigning a class based on this procedure. We successfully solved our problem statement of Difficulty Analysis of a Question Paper Using a Classification Algorithm and learned about Opinion Mining and Naive Bayes Classifiers along the way
Preoperative Prediction Model for Microvascular Invasion in HBV- related Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Liang , Dai Mu-Gen , Lu Wen-Feng , Wang Dong-Dong , Ye Tai-Wei , Xu Fei-Qi , Liu Si-Yu , Liang Lei , Feng Du-Jin
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) using a noninvasive method remain unresolved, especially in HBV-related in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study aimed to build and validate a preoperative prediction model for MVI in HBV-related ICC.Methods Patients with HBV-associated ICC undergoing curative surgical resection were identified. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent risk factors of MVI in the training cohort. Then, a prediction model was built by enrolling the independent risk factors. The predictive performance was validated by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) and calibration in the validation cohort.Results Consecutive 626 patients were identified and randomly divided into the training (418, 67%) and validation (208, 33%) cohorts. Multivariate analysis showed that TBIL, CA19-9, tumor size, tumor number, and preoperative image lymph node metastasis were independently associated with MVI. Then, a model was built by enrolling former fiver risk factors. In the validation cohort, the performance of this model showed good calibration. The area under the curve was 0.874 (95% CI: 0.765–0.894) and 0.729 (95%CI: 0.706–0.751) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. Decision curve analysis showed an obvious net benefit from the model.Conclusion Based on clinical data, an easy model was built for the preoperative prediction of MVI, which can assist clinicians in surgical decision-making and adjuvant therapy.
Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different soil types following manure application
Authors: Song Tingting , Sardar Muhammad Fahad , Wang XueRong , Li Binxu , Zhang Zhuoyi , Wu Dimei , Zhu Changxiong , Li Hongna
Published: May 2023

Swine manure, commonly applied as organic composts in agricultural fields, is often considered as an important reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). We hypothesized that differences in soil types would affect the fate of ARB following manure application. Thus, the distribution of ARB after manure application was further investigated using black, fluvo-aquic and red soils. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of chlortetracycline (CTC)-resistant bacteria (CRB) was fluvo-aquic>red>black soils in control treatment. Additionally, it was affected by manure in black soil, and CTC-manure in both fluvo-aquic and red soils. For the CTC-manure treatment, a higher shift in the number of operational taxonomic units and the community composition of CRB was observed in fluvo-aquic soil than in black and red soils. Thus, it induced resistance development or an increase in soil indigenous microorganisms (Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Enterobacter), which was most evident in fluvo-aquic soil. Furthermore, LEfSe analysis specified the key different bacterial genera that changed significantly between treatments. They were Microbacteriaceaein black soil, Lactobacillus, unclassified_c__Bacilli and Paenibacillus in fluvo-aquic soil, and Dyella, Ralstonia and Bacillusin red soil. Moreover, great and negative influence of soil electric conductivity, total phosphorus and organic matter was observed on Ralstoniaand Bacillus. Streptomyces were significantly positively correlated with pH and organic matter. Overall, CTC-manure would pose a greater influence on soil’s CRB. Therefore, taking measures to control antibiotic residues in manure and to conduct proper return methods according to soil types are important ways to reduce the risk of soil resistant bacteria.
Large-scale Natural Disaster and Rising Costs Overtime—Heterogeneous Evolvement from Spatiotemporal Correlation Analysis on Tropical Cyclone Impacts in China during 2003-2018
Authors: Mao Yihua , Zhang Ruoxue , Hu Yuchen , Ma Jiayue , Zhang Zhao
Published: May 2023

Researchers discovered that the direct costs associated with meteorological hazards were on the rise across the nation, but there were few investigations into the internal mechanisms. On the basis of 16 years of data from 2003 to 2018, the patterns of tropical cyclone disasters in China were analyzed using a linear regression model, innovative trend, coupling degree, and geo-science analysis. Against the backdrop of rising direct economic losses over time, it has been discovered that large-scale disasters costing more than 30 billion yuan in recent years are the primary causes of the upward trend. Although tropical cyclones have moved northward since 2011, this phenomenon cannot explain the above pattern. Furthermore, this paper conducts a spatiotemporal correlation analysis of tropical cyclones and their impacts in an effort to reveal the evolvement of losses at smaller spatial units, as opposed to previous studies that conducted relatively independent analyses of space or time. It is found that the periodicity in disaster loss variables emerges at provincial level, whereas the national aggregation omits these specifics. Given that the association between frequency and losses lessens, particularly in provinces with medium/low levels of a predetermined disaster intensity index, this paper closes with recommendations for local risk preparation.
CCUS development in China and forecast its contribution to emission reduction
Authors: WANG Pengchen , SHI Beibei , LI Nan , KANG Rong , LI Yan , WANG Guiwen , YANG Long
Published: May 2023

Nowadays environmental issues have been of great concern to the world, among which the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions is particularly prominent. All countries in the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement have committed to control greenhouse gas emissions, and China, as the largest carbon emitter, has assumed a heavier burden. China has been striving to develop low-carbon technologies such as hydrogen, nuclear, wind, and solar energy, but the most attention should be paid to CCUS, which many scholars have high expectations that CCUS can help China reduce emissions to some extent. Therefore, this paper presents a prediction that CCUS can reduce 3.8% of carbon emissions for China in 2040 when CCUS emission reductions increase at a rate of 30%. The power and chemical industries could reduce carbon emissions by 2.3% and 17.3%, respectively.
Femtosecond Optical Kerr Gates in Cancerous Breast Tissue for a New Optical Biopsy Method
Authors: Meyer Henry , Mamani Sandra , Li Zhi , Shi Lingyan , Alfano Robert
Published: May 2023

The Optical Kerr Effect was demonstrated for the first time as a new optical biopsy method to detect normal and grades of cancer of human breast tissues. The technique works by temporally tracking the various electronic and molecular processes that give rise to the nonlinear index of refraction (n2). The rate at which these processes populate and dissipate varies depending on the internal properties of the sample. It is shown here that in tissues, the variances in the ultrafast plasma Kerr responses that relates to the dielectric relaxation can be used as a biomarker for cancer. The relaxation of this response changes significantly between healthy and different grades of triple negative breast cancer tissues. This change can be attributed to a doubling or tripling of the tissue’s conductivity depending on the cancer grade.