bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrashort-laser electron–hole plasma and intragap states in diamond
Authors: Krasin G. K. , Kudryashov S. I. , Danilov P. A. , Smirnov N. A. , Levchenko A. O. , Kovalev M. S.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the implementation of ultrafast broadband excitation of A-band luminescence of natural diamond by femtosecond-laser pulses with low-energy near-IR photons. Such regime provides A-band luminescence yield with the fourth-power nonlinearity at low laser intensities and second-power nonlinearity at higher laser intensities. These nonlinear dependences of A-band intensity on laser intensity can be related to quasi-resonant four-photon excitation at lower laser intensities and impact excitation of corresponding optical centers at higher intensities, or to similar nonlinear processes in electron–hole plasma relaxing to trapping donor-acceptor centers.

Graphic abstract
Li2NiO2F a New Oxyfluoride Disordered Rocksalt Cathode Material
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Pi Liquan , Marie John-Joseph , Rees Gregory J. , Gong Chen , Pu Shengda , House Robert A. , Robertson Alexander W. , Bruce Peter G.
Published: August 2021

Lithium-rich disordered rocksalts such as Li1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2 and Li2MnO2F are being investigated as high energy density cathodes for next generation Li-ion batteries. They can support the (de) lithiation of lithium ions over large compositional ranges while preserving the same overall structure. Here, we present a new Ni-rich oxyfluoride cathode, Li2NiO2F, with a disordered rocksalt structure. Li2NiO2F and can deliver a discharge capacity of 200 mAh g−1 at an average voltage of 3.2 V.
Mito-Mendelian interactions alter in vivo glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in healthy mice
Authors: Sammy Melissa J. , Connelly Ashley W. , Brown Jamelle A. , Holleman Cassie , Habegger Kirk M. , Ballinger Scott W.
Published: August 2021

Different mitochondrial DNAs on the same nuclear genetic background can significantly impact body composition, glucose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in healthy mice.
Central GLP-1 contributes to improved cognitive function and brain glucose uptake after duodenum-jejunum bypass on obese and diabetic rats
Authors: Ruze Rexiati , Xu Qian , Liu Guoqin , Li Yuekai , Chen Weijie , Cheng Zhiqiang , Xiong Yacheng , Liu Shaozhuang , Zhang Guangyong , Hu Sanyuan , Yan Zhibo
Published: August 2021

The improvement of cognitive function following bariatric surgery has been highlighted while its mechanisms remain elusive. The brain glucose uptake of patients was improved after RYGB, and the DJB and sham surgery performed on obese and diabetic Wistar rats revealed that the elevated central GLP-1 contributes to the dramatic improvement of cognitive function, brain glucose uptake, transport, glucose sensing, and neuronal activation.
Plasma GDF15 levels are similar between subjects after bariatric surgery and matched controls and are unaffected by meals
Authors: Martinussen Christoffer , Svane Maria Saur , Bojsen-Møller Kirstine N. , Jensen Christian Zinck , Kristiansen Viggo B. , Bookout Angie Lynn , Jørgensen Sebastian Beck , Holst Jens Juul , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J. , Madsbad Sten , Kuhre Rune Ehrenreich
Published: August 2021

Our combined data show that GDF15 does not increase in response to a liquid meal. Moreover, we show for the first time that ingestion of sucrose, isomaltose, glucose, fat, or protein also does not increase plasma GDF15 concentrations, questioning the role of GDF15 in regulation of food source preference. Finally, we find that neither fasting nor postprandial plasma GDF15 concentrations are increased in individuals with previous bariatric surgery compared with unoperated body mass index (BMI)-matched controls.
Obesity protects against sepsis-induced and norepinephrine-induced white adipose tissue browning
Authors: Li Cheryl , Davis Xenia , Lahni Patrick , Stuck Joanna , Williamson Lauren , Kaplan Jennifer
Published: August 2021

White adipose tissue browning is detrimental in patients with burn injury and cancer. WAT browning occurs in nonobese mice and can be induced by β receptor norepinephrine infusion, but obese mice are resistant to sepsis-induced and norepinephrine-induced WAT browning. We propose that the lack of WAT browning and unchanged inflammatory cytokine response may contribute to the protection of obese mice from sepsis.
Liquiritin from Radix Glycyrrhizae Protects Cardiac Mitochondria from Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Damage
Authors: Thu Vu Thi , Yen Ngo Thi Hai , Ly Nguyen Thi Ha
Published: August 2021

Aims. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of liquiritin (LIQ) from Radix Glycyrrhizae on cardiac mitochondria against hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) injury. Methods. H9C2 cells were subject to the HR model. LIQ purified from Radix Glycyrrhizae (purity > 95%) was administrated to reoxygenation period. Cell viability, mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial Ca2⁺ level were then assessed by using Cell Counting kit-8 and suitable fluorescence probe kits. Results. LIQ administration remarkably reduced the rate of HR damage via increasing H9C2 cell viability level and preserving mitochondria after HR. Particularly, 60 μM of LIQ posthypoxic treatment markedly reduced cell death in HR-subjected H9C2 cell groups (

p
<
0.05

). Interestingly, posthypoxic treatment of LIQ significantly prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the decrease in mitochondrial mass, the increase in reactive oxygen species production, and the elevation of mitochondrial Ca2⁺ level in HR-treated H9C2 cells. Conclusion. The present study provides for the first time the cardioprotective of LIQ posthypoxic treatment via reducing H9C2 cell death and protecting cardiac mitochondria against HR damage.
Application of Double Strength Reduction Factor Method in the Stability Analysis of Rock Slopes
Authors: Lu Jiawei , Zhang Jixun , Ren Xuhua , Deng Yunrui
Published: August 2021

The cohesion c and internal friction angle φ play different roles in the progressive failure process of the slope, which indicates that the reduction factors kc and kφ should be different in the calculation. Based on this, the program of double strength reduction factor method was compiled with FISH language, in order to study its application in the rock slopes under different distributions of weak interlayer, and the following conclusions were drawn: (1) the plastic zone calculated by double strength reduction factor method is generally distributed in the weak interlayer, which is basically consistent with the calculation result of the traditional method; (2) the degree to which c and φ play a role is related to the inclination angle of the bottom sliding surface of the unstable block θ. If θ < 45°, φ will play a greater role. If θ ≥ 45°, c will play a greater role; (3) according to the “Pan’s principle,” the matching reduction principle of “kc > kφ” can be adopted when θ < 45°, and the matching reduction principle of “kc < kφ” can be adopted when θ ≥ 45°; (4) the definition of the comprehensive safety factor “K2” in the text is more suitable for the application of double strength reduction factor method in the stability analysis of rock slopes. The applicability of the above conclusions is verified by an actual engineering.
Properties and Bounds of Jensen-Type Functionals via Harmonic Convex Functions
Authors: Mughal Aqeel Ahmad , Almusawa Hassan , Haq Absar Ul , Baloch Imran Abbas
Published: August 2021

Dragomir introduced the Jensen-type inequality for harmonic convex functions (HCF) and Baloch et al. studied its different variants, such as Jensen-type inequality for harmonic

h

-convex functions. In this paper, we aim to establish the functional form of inequalities presented by Baloch et al. and prove the superadditivity and monotonicity properties of these functionals. Furthermore, we derive the bound for these functionals under certain conditions. Furthermore, we define more generalized functionals involving monotonic nondecreasing concave function as well as evince superadditivity and monotonicity properties of these generalized functionals.
Curcumin Inhibits HGF-Induced EMT by Regulating c-MET-Dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Meningioma
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , Tian Fen , Lun Peng , Feng Yugong
Published: August 2021

Meningiomas, which are the most common primary intracranial tumors, have highly aggressive cells in malignant cases. Due to its extensive antitumor effects, curcumin is widely used in experimental and clinical studies. However, the role of curcumin during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in meningioma has not been established. We found that curcumin blocks hepatocyte growth factor- (HGF-) induced proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of human malignant meningioma cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, treatment of human malignant meningioma cells with the tyrosine protein kinase (c-MET) inhibitor (SU11274) or the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (LY294002) suppressed HGF-induced migration and EMT. Furthermore, we found that curcumin inhibited tumor growth and HGF-induced EMT in mice subjected to subcutaneous xenotransplantation. These findings indicate that HGF regulates EMT in human malignant meningioma cells through c-MET/PI3K/Akt/mTOR modulation. In conclusion, curcumin inhibits HGF-induced EMT by targeting c-MET and subsequently blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Development of Hybrid Methods for Prediction of Principal Mineral Resources
Authors: Qurban Maria , Zhang Xiang , Nazir Hafiza Mamona , Hussain Ijaz , Faisal Muhammad , Elashkar Elsayed Elsherbini , Khader Jameel Ahmad , Soudagar Sadaf Shamshoddin , Shoukry Alaa Mohamd , Al-Deek Fares Fawzi
Published: August 2021

Accurate estimation of the mining process is vital for the optimal allocation of mineral resources. The development of any country is precisely connected with the management of mineral resources. Therefore, the forecasting of mineral resources contributed much to management, planning, and a maximum allocation of mineral resources. However, it is challenging because of its multiscale variability, nonlinearity, nonstationarity, and high irregularity. In this paper, we proposed two revised hybrid methods to address these issues to predict mineral resources. Our methods are based on denoising, decomposition, prediction, and ensemble principles that are applied to the production of mineral resource time-series data. The performance of the proposed methods is compared with the existing traditional one-stage model (without denoised and decomposition strategies) and two-stage hybrid models (based on denoised strategy), and three-stage hybrid models (with denoised and decomposition strategies). The performance of these methods is evaluated using mean relative error (MRE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean square error (MSE) as evaluation measures for the production of four principle mineral resources of Pakistan. It is concluded that the proposed framework for the prediction of mineral resources indicated better performance as compared to other existing one-stage, two-stage, and three-stage models. Furthermore, the prediction accuracy of the revised hybrid model is improved by reducing the complexity of the production of mineral resource time-series data.
Distributed Event‐Triggered Circle Formation Control for Multiagent Systems with Nonuniform Quantization
Authors: Wen Jiayan , Zhang Haijiang , Tan Guangxing , Cai Ning , Xie Guangming
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on circle formation control problem of multiagent systems based on event‐triggered strategy under limited communication bandwidth. In such system, each agent can only perceive the angular distance of its nearest neighbor in the counterclockwise direction, and the angular distance of the nearest neighbor in the clockwise direction needs to be obtained by communicating with each other. In order to address the aforementioned problem, a novel distributed algorithm based on the combination of nonuniform quantitative communication technology and event‐triggered control is proposed. Sufficient conditions on circle formation control are derived under which the states of all agents can be confirmed to converge to some desired equilibrium point. Different from the traditional uniform quantization communication framework, nonuniform quantization can be beneficial for handling small signals and improving the performance of multiagent systems concerned. Furthermore, under the proposed policy, all the designed quantizers do not emerge saturated. Numerical simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Forecasting of Energy Production for Photovoltaic Systems Based on ARIMA and ANN Advanced Models
Authors: Fara Laurentiu , Diaconu Alexandru , Craciunescu Dan , Fara Silvian
Published: August 2021

Accurate forecasting of solar energy is essential for photovoltaic (PV) plants, to facilitate their participation in the energy market and for efficient resource planning. This article is dedicated to two forecasting models: (1) ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) statistical approach to time series forecasting, using measured historical data, and (2) ANN (Artificial Neural Network) using machine learning techniques. The main contributions of the authors could be synthetized as follows: (1) analysis and discussion of the experimental and simulated results regarding solar radiation forecast, as well as energy production prediction and forecasting based on ARIMA and ANN models for two case studies: (a) laboratory BIPV system developed at the Polytechnic University of Bucharest and (b) large PV park placed in a specific site of the south of Romania. A variability index of solar radiation was introduced for the model improvement; (2) comparison between the ARIMA and ANN results to highlight the ARIMA model which is more efficient than the ANN one; (3) optimized method defined by the GMDH model (Group Method of Data Handling) proposed to provide a software program for calculation of the PV energy production.
ECLP: Friend Recommendation Using Ensemble Approach for Detecting Communities Performing Link Prediction
Authors: Saeidinezhad Hasan , Parvinnia Elham , Boostani Reza
Published: August 2021

Social networks provide a variety of online services that play an important role in new connections among members to share their favorite media, document, and opinions. For each member, these networks should precisely recommend (predict) the link of members with the highest common interests. Because of the huge volume of users with different types of information, these networks encounter challenges such as dispersion and accuracy of link prediction. Moreover, networks with numerous users have the problem of computational and time complexity. These problems are caused because all the network nodes contribute to calculations of link prediction and friend suggestions. In order to overcome these drawbacks, this paper presents a new link prediction scheme containing three phases to combine local and global network information. In the proposed manner, dense communities with overlap are first detected based on the ensemble node perception method which leads to more relevant nodes and contributes to the link prediction and speeds up the algorithm. Then, these communities are optimized by applying the binary particle swarm optimization method for merging the close clusters. It maximizes the average clustering coefficient (ACC) of the whole network which results in an accurate and precise prediction. In the last phase, relative links are predicted by Adamic/Adar similarity index for each node. The proposed method is applied to Astro-ph, Blogs, CiteSeer, Cora, and WebKB datasets, and its performance is compared to state-of-the-art schemes in terms of several criteria. The results imply that the proposed scheme has a significant accuracy improvement on these datasets.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in a Pregnant Population, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Emiru Yohannes Kelifa , Adamu Betelhem Anteneh , Erara Melak , Chanie Tigist , Gurmu Abyot Endale
Published: August 2021

Background. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) appears to be the source of healthcare particularly in the majority of pregnant communities of Africa due to its intrinsic qualities as well as its accessibility and affordability. Despite acknowledged benefits of CAM use in pregnancy, majority of users are unaware of its safety and effects on fetal development. The present study was aimed at examining CAM use among pregnant women in Northwest Ethiopia to provide an opportunity for future investigations on the effectiveness of CAM modalities in the management of pregnancy-related complications across the country. Methods. This was an institution-based cross-sectional study which was conducted at Poly Clinic Health Center in the Northwest part of Ethiopia between March and May 2018. Two hundred and eighty two Ethiopian women were conveniently recruited to take part in the study. Structured questioners were used for the survey. Descriptive statistics of sociodemographic and CAM use characteristics were expressed in frequencies and proportions. Chi-square test was performed to determine the difference between CAM user and nonuser. Besides, binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine predictors of CAM use in the study population. The result was considered statistically significant if

P

value ≤ 0.05. Results. The prevalence rate of CAM use in pregnant women was 89.36% with the commonest practice of spiritual healing (65.2%) and herbal supplement (51.8%) CAM therapies. Use of CAM positively associated with marital status and previous number of children. The odds of using CAM among single/not married women were 3.22 times higher (COR: 3.22, CI: 1.07-9.64) as compared to married women. Pregnant women with no children were 3.30 times more likely (COR: 3.30, CI: 0.92-11.84) to use CAM than those women having ≥3 children. Lower odds of using CAM significantly associated with educational level (COR: 0.20, CI: 0.046-0.93) and antenatal care (COR: 0.45, CI: 0.18-1.13) in a binary logistic regression model. Conclusions. A considerable number of pregnant women were utilizing CAM including herbal products as part of their maternity care. This finding provides a reference on the use of CAM for policy-makers, health professionals, and parents. Further studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of specific CAM modalities with particular focus on herbal medicinal products.
An Effective NTRU-Based Fully Homomorphic Encryption Scheme
Authors: Qin Xiaoyue , Huang Ruwei , Fan Huifeng
Published: August 2021

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) supports arbitrary computations on ciphertexts without decryption to protect users’ privacy. However, currently, there are still some shortcomings in research studies on FHE. For example, the NTRU-based FHE scheme constructed using the approximate eigenvector method requires complex matrix multiplications, and the power-of-two cyclotomic ring cannot prevent subfield attacks. To address these problems, this paper proposed a NTRU-based FHE scheme constructed based on the power-of-prime cyclotomic ring and made the following improvements: (1) the power-of-prime cyclotomic ring is immune to subfield attacks; (2) complex matrix multiplications are replaced with matrix-vector multiplications to modify the ciphertext forms and decryption structures, so as to gain advantages in storage, transportation, and computations; (3) the single instruction multiple data (SIMD) technology is introduced, and homomorphic operations are executed through the Chinese remainder theorem, further improving the scheme computation and storage efficiency. The ciphertext of the scheme is in a form of a vector, and no key exchange is required for homomorphic operations. In addition, this scheme can eliminate the decisional small polynomial ratio (DSPR) assumption under certain conditions and only relies on the ring learning with errors (RLWE) assumption. The standard security model can prove that this scheme is secure against chosen-plaintext (IND-CPA) attacks. Compared with similar schemes, the proposed scheme improves the efficiency at least by a factor of

l
φ

x

/
d
+
 
1

and quadratically decreases the noise growth rate.
Influence of Intragastric Administration of Traditional Japanese Medicine, Ninjin’Yoeito, on Cerebral Blood Flow via Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Authors: Watanabe Nobuhiro , Iimura Kaori , Hotta Harumi
Published: August 2021

Ninjin’yoeito (NYT) is a traditional medicine that has been used for mitigating physical frailty, such as fatigue and anorexia, as well as for cognitive dysfunction. Maintenance of adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) is important for preventing cognitive dysfunction. The present study aimed to examine the effect of NYT on CBF. Male C57BL/6 J mice were anesthetized with urethane and were artificially ventilated. We measured CBF in the neocortex with laser-speckle contrast imaging for 10 min before administration and 60 min after administration. We administered NYT solution (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg) or vehicle (distilled water; DW) over 5 min via an intragastric catheter. We surgically transected the vagus nerve to investigate its contribution as a neural pathway and intraperitoneally injected atropine to block muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Finally, we tested the CBF response to cutaneous brushing stimulation applied to the left hind paw (30 sec). CBF decreased after DW administration, starting from 30 min onward, whereas CBF did not change after NYT. The averaged CBF change following DW administration differed from that following NYT (1 g/kg) but not from those following the other doses of NYT. Arterial pressure was not affected by either solution. CBF after NYT (1 g/kg) was not affected by vagotomy but was lower following additional atropine. In response to brushing stimulation, CBF in the right (contralateral) parietal cortex increased. The magnitude of CBF increase following NYT was greater than that following DW. These results suggest that NYT prevents CBF decrease via cholinergic activation independent of vagal activity and enhances the CBF response to somatosensory stimulation.
Primes and Their Connection to Certain Polyhedral Number Sequences
Authors: Warren Benjamin Lee
Published: August 2021

A collection of results is given regarding whether a prime can be the sum or difference of two polyhedral numbers, as well as some primality restrictions on several sequences.
Selection and Ranking of Fog Computing‐Based IoT for Monitoring of Health Using the Analytic Network Approach
Authors: Xue Dong , Nazir Shah , Peng Zhiqiang , Khattak Hizbullah
Published: August 2021

Numerous raised areas are established in the field of fog computing (FC), applied for various purposes, and are evaluated for running analytics on various devices including devices of internet of things and many others in a disseminated way. FC progresses the prototype of cloud computing to network edge leading various possibilities and services. FC improves processing, decision, and intervention to take place through devices of IoT and communicate essential details. The idea of FC in healthcare based on frameworks of IoT is exploited by determining dispersed delegate layer of comprehension between the cloud and sensor hubs. The clouds suggested systems improved to overcome several challenges in ubiquitous frameworks of medical services such as energy efficiency, portability, adaptableness, and quality issues by accommodating right to take care of definite weights of the distant medical services group and sensor networks. The proposed research work has considered the analytic network process (ANP) for selection and ranking of FC‐based IoT for health monitoring systems. The approach works in situation when complexity arises for health monitoring. Results of the study show the success of the research for facilitating healthcare.
Emotion Recognition Based on Type-2 Recurrent Wavelet Fuzzy Brain Emotion Learning Network Model
Authors: Li Di , Chen Xiangjian
Published: August 2021

Emotion recognition plays a crucial role in human-robot emotional interaction applications, and the brain emotional learning model is one of several emotion recognition methods, but the learning rules of original brain emotional learning model play poor adaptation and do not work very well. In fact, existing facial emotion recognition methods do not have high accuracy and are not sufficiently practical in real-time applications. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces an optimal model, which merges interval type-2 recurrent wavelet fuzzy system and brain emotional learning network for emotion recognition. The proposed model takes advantage of type-2 recurrent wavelet fuzzy theory and brain emotional neural network. There are no rules initially, and then the structure and parameters of model are tuning online simultaneously by the gradient approach and Lyapunov function. The system input data streams are directly imported into the neural network through a type-2 recurrent wavelet fuzzy inference system; then, the results are subsequently piped into sensory and emotional channels which jointly produce the final outputs of the network. The proposed model could reduce the uncertainty in terms of vagueness by using type-2 recurrent wavelet fuzzy theory and removing noise samples. Finally, the superior performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by its comparison with some emotion recognition methods on five emotion databases.
Sympathetic Neural Mechanisms Underlying Attended and Unattended Blood Pressure Measurement
Authors: Grassi Guido , Quarti-Trevano Fosca , Seravalle Gino , Dell’Oro Raffaella , Vanoli Jennifer , Perseghin Gianluca , Mancia Giuseppe
Published: August 2021

Whether blood pressure (BP) values differ when BP is measured with or without the presence of a doctor (attended and unattended BP measurements) is controversial, and no information exists on whether and to what extent neurogenic mechanisms participate at the possible BP differences between these measurements. In this study, we assessed continuous beat-to-beat finger systolic BP and diastolic BP, heart rate, muscle, and skin sympathetic nerve traffic (microneurography) before and during BP measurement by an automatic device in the presence or absence of a doctor. This was done in 18 untreated mild-to-moderate essential hypertensive patients (age, 40.2±2.8 years, mean±SEM). During attended BP measurement, there was an increase in systolic BP, diastolic BP, heart rate, and skin sympathetic nerve traffic and a muscle sympathetic nerve traffic decrease, the peak changes being +5.3%,+8.4%,+9.4%,+30.9%, and −15.2%, respectively (
P
<0.05 for all). In contrast, during unattended BP measurement, systolic BP, diastolic BP, heart rate, and skin sympathetic nerve traffic were modestly, albeit in most instances significantly, reduced, whereas muscle sympathetic nerve traffic remained almost unchanged. During unattended BP measurement, peak systolic BP was 14.1 mm Hg lower, peak heart rate was 10.6 bpm lower, and peak skin sympathetic nerve traffic was 8.5 bursts/min lower than the peak values detected during attended BP measurement. Thus the cardiovascular and neural sympathetic responses to the alerting reaction elicited by BP measurement in the presence of a doctor are almost absent during unattended BP measurement, during which, if anything, a modest cardiovascular sympathoinhibition occurs. This has important implications for comparison of studies using these different BP measurement approaches as well as for decision concerning threshold and target BP values for treatment.
Taxonomic and phylogenetic insights into novel Ascomycota from contaminated soils in Yunnan, China
Authors: YASANTHIKA ERANDI , WANASINGHE DHANUSHKA N. , REN GUANG-CONG , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA C. , TENNAKOON DANUSHKA S. , MONKAI JUTAMART , GUI HENG , MORTIMER PETER E. , LUMYONG SAISAMORN , HYDE KEVIN D.
Published: August 2021

Industrial soil contamination negatively affects flora and fauna in the soil. Nevertheless, some fungi have the ability to survive in such polluted soils. In this study, we isolated fungal strains from polluted soils in industrialized areas of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China. Fungal strains underwent morphological observations, subjected to phylogenetic analyses and subsequently described using morphological characterizations and multigene phylogenetic inferences. The molecular data of partial nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (LSU, SSU and ITS) and protein-coding genes (tef1-α, rpb2 and btub) were used to resolve the phylogeny of newly generated sequences. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses were constructed to clarify phylogenetic affinities. Based on the biphasic approach of incorporating morphology and molecular data, we introduce one new species, Juxtiphoma yunnanensis sp. nov. (Didymellaceae, Pleosporales), two new records viz. Lecanicillium dimorphum (J.D. Chen) Zare & W. Gams (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (Sacc.) Bainier (Microascaceae, Microascales) inhabit polluted soils in China.
Taxonomic resurrection of Muscari wallii (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae)
Authors: EKER İSMA İL
Published: August 2021

In this study, the taxonomic status of Muscari wallii, considered as a synonym of Muscari tenuiflorum in previous studies, is re-evaluated based on morphological and chorological studies. Muscari wallii is morphologically similar to M. tenuiflorum and M. babachii. However, it is discussed that M. wallii differs mainly by its seed characteristics, posture of pedicels of sterile flowers at maturity and bulb shape from both taxa. It is also distinguished from M. tenuiflorum by the colour of shoulders of fertile flowers and colour of young intermediate flowers, and from M. babachii by the fruit shape, colour of sterile and young intermediate flowers, shape and length of fertile flowers and scabrid leaf margin. A comprehensive description, diagnostic characters, original photographs, geographical distribution, identification key, observations, and taxonomic comments on the resurrected species are presented.
Magnolia zotictla (Magnolia sect. Macrophylla, Magnoliaceae): a new species from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental, México
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ ARTURO , GUTIÉRREZ-LOZANO MARISOL , YESCAS REYNA DOMÍNGUEZ , HERNÁNDEZ-ÁLVAREZ ADRIANA GISELA , ORTEGA-PEÑA A. SALOMÉ , VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA J. ANTONIO
Published: August 2021

A new species of Magnolia from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico, is described and illustrated, providing information about its habitat distribution, ecology, biogeography and conservation status. After 12 fieldwork expeditions near the border of the states of Hidalgo and Puebla, we have developed morphological, ecological and biogeographic data to support recognition of populations from Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo and Pahuatlán, Puebla as a distinct species of Magnolia sect. Macrophylla. A key to species of this section and a distribution map for Mexican taxa are provided. The species was assessed as critically endangered (CR).
No Implementation Without Representation: Real-Time Pharmacist Intervention Optimizes Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Bacteremia at a Small Community Hospital
Authors: Tritle Brandon J. , Watteyne Robert , Hickman Abby , Vento Todd J. , Lopansri Bert K. , Collingridge Dave S. , Veillette John J.
Published: August 2021

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for bacteremia allow for early antimicrobial therapy modification based on organism and resistance gene identification. Studies suggest patient outcomes are optimized when infectious disease (ID)-trained antimicrobial stewardship personnel intervene on RDT results. However, data are limited regarding RDT implementation at small community hospitals, which often lack access to on-site ID clinicians. Methods: This study evaluated the impact of RDTs with and without real-time pharmacist intervention (RTPI) at a small community hospital with local pharmacist training and asynchronous support from a remote ID Telehealth pharmacist. Time to targeted therapy (TTT) in patients with bacteremia was compared retrospectively across 3 different time periods: a control without RDT, RDT-only, and RDT with RTPI. Results: Median TTT was significantly faster in both the RDT with RTPI and RDT-only groups compared with the control group (2 vs 25 vs 51 hours respectively; P < .001). TTT was numerically faster for RDT with RTPI compared with RDT-only but did not reach statistical significance ( P = .078). Median time to any de-escalation was significantly shorter for RDT with RTPI compared with both RDT-only (14 vs 33 hours; P = .012) and the control group (14 vs 45 hours; P < .001). Median length of stay was also significantly shorter in both RDT groups compared with the control group (4.0 vs 4.1 vs 5.5 hours; P = .013). Conclusion: This study supports RDT use for bacteremia in a small community hospital with ID Telehealth support, suggesting additional benefit with RTPI.
Atypical scrotal masses: Surgical surprise
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Sengar Mamta , Mohta Anup
Published: August 2021

We present three unusual cases of atypical scrotal lesions in children. The first was a firm left scrotal mass with the testis indistinguishable. The second with apparently a large hydrocoele, which was a cyst, and the third with multiple nodular lesions, pushing the left testis into the right hemiscrotum. These turned out to be a pigmented neuroectodermal tumour, a lymphatic malformation and neurofibromas respectively. Paediatric surgeons should be aware of such surgical surprises.
Give Thanks in All Circumstances? Gratitude Toward God and Health in Later Life after Major Life Stressors
Authors: Upenieks Laura , Ford-Robertson Joanne
Published: August 2021

Gratitude is foundational to well-being throughout the life course, and an emerging body of work suggests that older adults may be more inclined to attribute gratitude to a non-human target (God). Drawing on life course theory and Erikson’s lifespan development framework, we use data from a national sample of Christian older adults from the United States (N = 1,005) to examine whether gratitude toward God buffers the noxious health effects of the death of a loved one or personal illness. Results suggest that gratitude toward God tends to predict better age-comparative and global self-rated physical health in the aftermath of stress, a moderation effect which is partially mediated by stronger beliefs in God-mediated control (that God is a collaborative partner in dealing with problems). We conclude by proposing some interventions for clinicians and counselors centered around gratitude and religiosity that may assist older adults in coping with major life stressors.
Gender Inequality in Housework: Persistence and Change by Partnership and Parenthood Status in the Early 2000s
Authors: Chao Shih-Yi
Published: August 2021

Heterosexual unions and parenthood are key contributors to gender inequality in housework. Over the last two decades, the social meaning of partnership and parenthood has changed. This study investigated whether this change in the narrative of partnership and parenthood status influenced changes in the housework gender gap. Using the American Time Use Survey 2003–2005 and 2013–2015, the findings show that housework gender gap was larger for people in a couple relationship than for singles. For nonparents, the gender gap in housework was no difference between those married and those cohabiting. Gender inequality in housework persisted among married parents but decreased among cohabiting parents, mainly because of the increase in cohabiting fathers’ housework time. These findings suggest a heterosexual union, particularly marriage, reproduces conventional gender roles. Men’s gendered behaviors were not uniform but diverse across partnership and parenthood status.
Exploratory Study of Determinants of the Spread of COVID-19 before Shelter-in-Place Orders
Authors: Yoo Chisun , Ross Catherine
Published: August 2021

This study explores the impact of relevant characteristics of counties and their relationship with increases in COVID-19 cases before shelter-in-place (SIP) orders in the U.S. The recent emergence of COVID-19 occurs when there is little understanding of the related factors affecting the growth and spread of the disease. These relationships are examined through an analysis of 672 counties before SIP orders were issued. Areas that experienced the most significant transmission of disease are identified, and their characteristics are analyzed. A meaningful relationship was found between the increase of COVID-19 cases and several factors. Average commute time and the proportion of commuters using transit had a positive relationship. Along with other socio-economic factors, such as median house value and proportion of the Black population, several transportation-related factors had a significant association with the transmission of the disease. The decrease rate of total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) before and after SIP orders also had a solid and positive relationship with the expansion of the disease. The findings suggest that planners and transportation service providers must integrate evolving public health considerations into transportation services which affect the increase in the transmission of infectious diseases.
Looking on the bright side: Positivity discourse, affective practices and new femininities
Authors: Calder-Dawe Octavia , Wetherell Margaret , Martinussen Maree , Tant Alex
Published: August 2021

From policy to personal practice, injunctions to harness the positive effects of positive affects are pulsing through global emotion regimes. Scholarship tracing this phenomenon links the push for positivity – and other seemingly “entrepreneurial” affects – to neoliberal cultural formations. Within and beyond psychology, feminist analyses are highlighting the gendered address of these formations and their imbrication with contemporary femininities. While this raises important questions about the gendered implications of positivity imperatives, an absence of fine-grained empirical work means little is known regarding how positivity discourse is taken up and lived out. We draw from interviews with 24 women facing distinctive emotional management demands (influencers, mothers and service workers) to investigate how positivity inflects everyday living. Our analysis presents two affective–discursive repertoires that participants drew on to explain positivity: positivity as attractive relationality and positivity as agentic cognitive style. We also identified four figures who are central to positivity talk, and three affective– discursive practices linked to positivity: keeping emotions in check, virtuously declining negativity and triumphant positivity. We conclude that, while offering new and appealing feeling positions, positivity discourse may also reaffirm profoundly unequal patterns of emotional practice and regulation.
Trading One Risk for Another: Consequences of the Unauthenticated Treatment and Prevention of Silicosis in Ontario Miners in the McIntyre Powder Aluminum Inhalation Program
Authors: Martell Janice , Guidotti Tee L.
Published: August 2021

From 1943 to 1979, miners and factory workers in more than two hundred work sites globally were subjected to mandatory medical treatments by their employers as an unproven, and ultimately ineffective, treatment to prevent the lung disease silicosis. The treatments involved inhaling finely ground aluminum dust known as McIntyre Powder, blown into miners’ change rooms each shift using compressed air systems. Tens of thousands of industrial laborers were exposed to McIntyre Powder, yet their story is scarcely known, and the possible health impacts of their aluminum treatments were rarely studied. This paper integrates the history of the aluminum prophylaxis program and its control by the northern Ontario mining industry with the lived experience of one of the affected miners, whose daughter created a voluntary registry which documents health issues in exposed miners, and stimulated research that found a link to her father’s Parkinson disease.
Dignity and Predictors of Its Change Among Inpatients in Long-Term Care
Authors: Kisvetrová Helena , Tomanová Jitka , Hanáčková Romana , Greaves Peta Jane , Steven Alison
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify any differences in the dignity evaluation of geriatric inpatients after 1 month of hospitalization in a long-term care wards (LTC) and predictors of this change. This follow-up study included 125 geriatric inpatients who filled the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI-CZ), Geriatric Depression Scale, Barthel Index, and Mini-Mental State Examination. In the initial measurement, the patients rated of PDI-CZ item “Not able to perform tasks of daily living” the worst. One month after, the items “Not able to perform tasks of daily living,” “Not able to attend to bodily functions,” and “Not feeling worthwhile or valued” were improved. Patients with higher education, for whom self-sufficiency improved and depression decreased, rated their dignity more positively 1 month after the hospitalization in LTC. Our findings suggest that these factors are important for the maintenance of the dignity of older adults hospitalized in LTC.
Resilience in Organizations: An Integrative Multilevel Review and Editorial Introduction
Authors: Raetze Sebastian , Duchek Stephanie , Maynard M. Travis , Kirkman Bradley L.
Published: August 2021

The interest of organization and management researchers in the resilience concept has steadily grown in recent years. Although there is consensus about the importance of resilience in organizational contexts, many important research questions remain. For example, it is still largely unclear how resilience functions at different levels of analysis in organizations and how these various levels interact. In this special issue, we seek to advance knowledge about the complex resilience construct. For laying a foundation, in this editorial introduction we offer an integrative literature review of previous resilience research at three different levels of analysis (i.e., individual, team, and organization). Furthermore, we demonstrate what is already known about resilience as a multilevel construct and interactions among different resilience levels. Based on the results of our literature review, we identify salient research gaps and highlight some of the more promising areas for future research on resilience. Finally, we present an overview of the articles in this special issue and highlight their contributions in light of the gaps identified herein.
Vibration analysis of an axially functionally graded material non-prismatic beam under axial thermal variation in humid environment
Authors: Singh Rahul , Sharma Pankaj
Published: August 2021

The vibration analysis of an axially functionally graded material non-prismatic Timoshenko beam under axial thermal variation in humid environment is carried out using the harmonic differential quadrature method. In this modeling, the length and width of the beam remains constant whereas thickness of the beam is linearly varied along the axis of the beam. The material properties are temperature dependent and are assumed to be varied continuously along the axial direction according to power law distribution. Three types of temperature variations are considered in this study, that is, uniform temperature rise, linear temperature rise, and non-linear temperature rise. The temperature of the beam remains constant under uniform temperature rise condition and it is varied linearly and nonlinearly along the length of beam for rest of the conditions. The beam is subjected to uniform moisture concentration to impose humidity. Hamiltonian’s approach is used to derive the governing equations of motion. The resultant governing equations are then solved using the harmonic differential quadrature method to obtain the natural frequencies of the axially functionally graded material non-prismatic beam. The results obtained using the harmonic differential quadrature method are compared with results obtained for special cases. The effects of thermal variation, humidity, non-homogeneity parameter, and end conditions on natural frequencies of the non-prismatic beam are reported.
A Validation of the Chinese Motivation for Reading Questionnaire
Authors: Wang Xiaocheng , Jin Yuanying
Published: August 2021

This study addressed the cross-cultural validation of the Chinese Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (CMRQ) in a sample of 522 seventh to ninth graders from two public schools in eastern China. Confirmatory factor analyses, item-total correlation analyses, and reliability analyses were conducted to assess the psychometric quality of the CMRQ. The results indicated that the three-factor model for the competence beliefs scale, the six-factor model for the goals for reading scale, and the two-factor model for the social motivation scale fit the data properly. All subscales showed good levels of internal consistency reliabilities, ranging from .71 to .86. The concurrent validity of the CMRQ was supported by significant correlations among subscales with reading attitudes. Students scored the highest on intrinsic motivation, followed by social motivation, competence beliefs, and then extrinsic motivation. The findings further confirmed the existence of several distinguishable dimensions of reading motivation. Finally, implications for literacy research and instruction were discussed.
Vertical Transmission of Trypanosoma Cruzi in a Non-Endemic Country: Histology of the Infected Placenta
Authors: Keogh Anna , Ferguson Wendy , Nolder Debbie , Doyle Emma , McEntagart Noel
Published: August 2021

Chagas disease, once confined to rural Latin America is an increasing public health concern in non-endemic countries due to population movements. Here we present an unexpected finding of a placenta infected with T. cruzi from a Brazilian woman residing in Ireland. Histology of the placenta showed a lymphocytic chorioamnionitis with multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) as well as cord vasculitis and funisitis. Amastigotes of trypanosomiasis were found in both cord and membranes. The placenta parenchyma, however, had no villitis or amastigotes and maturation was appropriate for gestation. To date, there have been few reported cases of vertical transmission in non-endemic countries. We discuss the histological findings and review the literature on potential modes of transmission from mother to fetus.