bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the development of the cashless payment system: Comprehending the function of the involved participants
Authors: Tanha Moutusi , Dolon Md. Mohibul Alam , Al-Amin Al-Amin , Nadi Nusrat Afrin , Islam Md. Monirul , Ali Md. Hazrat
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The prevalence of cashless payments has increased globally owing to their myriad benefits. Furthermore, the use of cashless payments has also increased. Nevertheless, there is a need for more comprehensive research on the acceptance and current methodologies of cashless transactions. This study aims to gain a thorough understanding by identifying the entities involved and their pivotal functions in the payment ecosystem.
Research Methodology: This report seeks to answer two research questions: i) Which factors are involved in the cashless payment ecosystem? What key elements influence the players in adopting a cashless payment ecosystem? Six key ecosystem players and their influencing elements were identified by comprehensively evaluating 63 publications published between 2015 and 2021.
Results: Several benefits are associated with cashless payments, which have led to their growing popularity worldwide. Furthermore, during the COVID-19 epidemic, there was a significant increase in the use of cashless payment methods.
Limitations: On the other hand, more holistic studies on the widespread use of cashless payment methods and their respective modern behaviors are needed.
Contribution: In addition to providing a foundation for further empirical research, this study contributes to resolving adoption-related concerns.
Novelty: This study’s original approach to understanding the various elements driving cashless payment system development by focusing on participant roles and functions is unique. Unlike previous studies, this study examines human dynamics rather than technology or regulatory issues.
The impact of financial literacy on financial preparedness for retirement among formally employed individuals in Zimbabwe
Authors: Towo Tendai , Jonasi Knowledge
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Changes in global retirement systems have necessitated greater personal responsibility for making retirement financial decisions. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of financial literacy on the financial preparedness for retirement among the formally employed in Zimbabwe.
Research Methodology: The study adopted a positivist philosophy and an explanatory research design. Questionnaires were used to collect data from a target population of employees in Bindura, Zimbabwe. The final sample consisted of 384 participants. The independent variable, financial literacy, was measured using knowledge of financial instruments and computational capabilities of retirement benefits. Data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 25.
Results: The findings show a statistically significant relationship between knowledge of financial instruments and financial preparedness for retirement at the 5% significance level. The computational capabilities of retirement benefits are found to have no effect on financial preparedness for retirement.
Limitations: Other factors that affect financial preparedness, such as demographics and financial factors, were not included in the model.
Contribution: This study addresses retirement preparedness, which is one of the least-researched areas of personal finance in Zimbabwe. Therefore, the results are useful for policymakers to enhance the framework of retirement financial literacy.
HERBAL INTEGRATIVE TREATMENT APPROACH FOR DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE-2 IN INDIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Dhanraj C B , Babu G. , Vidyanath R , Kushalraj C. D. , Rani S Renuka
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efcacy and safety of the compound herbal drug
Guduchyadhi Choornam in managing Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). With a focus on blending
traditional Ayurvedic wisdom with modern clinical trial design, the research sought to provide evidence-based alternatives to
conventional oral hypoglycemic agents. Material and Methods: The methodology combined ancient Ayurvedic knowledge
retrieval with contemporary clinical trial principles. Medicinal herbs identied from Ayurvedic Sanskrit treatises underwent
standardization based on Indian pharmacopeia criteria. The clinical trial included polyherbal compound standardization,
patient selection, treatment protocols, education, followup, and robust statistical analyses using SPSS. Results: Among 200
participants, the compound herbal drug demonstrated signicant efcacy. Post-treatment, there was a 21.29% reduction in
fasting blood sugar levels and a 29.66% decrease in post-lunch blood sugar levels. Fasting blood insulin levels increased by
51.33%, and post-lunch blood insulin levels rose by 85.5%. HbA1c levels showed an average reduction of 19.11%, while blood
cholesterol exhibited a substantial average reduction of 27.73%. Statistical tools, including paired t-tests, correlation analyses,
and case distribution assessments, underscored the robustness of the ndings. Conclusion: This research, bridging ancient
wisdom and modern evidence, showcased the potential of Guduchyadhi Choornam in T2DM management. The
recommendation for future studies emphasized exploring nano-sized particles for enhanced therapeutic action, holding
promise for a paradigm shift in diabetes care. Beyond contributing to medical literature, this study exemplies the harmonious
integration of traditional and modern knowledge for improved healthcare outcomes in the realm of T2DM.
CORRELATION OF CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH RECEPTOR STATUS IN BREAST CARCINOMA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Soni Pramod , Narang Sanjeev , Kant Jain Vimal , Singh Anjali
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide in females and a primary cause of
mortality. It is a systemic disease with diverse biological subtypes, clinical presentation, pathological
types, and molecular features that impact prognosis and outcome. The molecular organization of breast cancer is a better
predictor for diagnosis and treatment. The study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological characterization and correlation of
breast tumors with progesterone (PR), estrogen (ER), and human epidermal receptor protein-2/neu status (HER-2/neu).
Material and Methods: After approval from the IEC, this prospective study was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with
breast carcinoma. The expression patterns of PR, ER and HER-2/NEU were studied. Clinical features, pathologic features such
as age of the patient, tumour size, grade, and lymph node status and their correlation with receptors were compared. Relevant
statistical analysis was done. Results: Of the 100 patients, ER positivity was seen in 42% cases, PR positivity in 32% and HER2/neu (3+) in 30% cases. Majority of grade I tumors were ER and PR positive and majority of grade III tumors were triple
negative. Triple negative prole was seen in secretory carcinoma. ER, PR and HER2 status was not signicantly associated with
age of the patients and tumour size. The immunohistochemical types ER/PR +ve Her2neu +ve and ER/PR -ve Her2neu -ve are
signicantly related to grading of tumours. Conclusions: From the results, it was concluded that ER, PR and HER-2 status
correlates well with histopathological grading. These results highlight the fact that molecular subtypes correlate with
diagnosis and aid in targeted therapy
ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Dhanraj C B , Tanishka Tanishka , Gupta Pranshu
Published: May 2024

Ayurveda, which means science of long life, is at least a 5,000-year-old system of Indian medicine
(1500–1000 BC) designed to promote good health and longevity rather than to ght disease and was
practiced by physicians and surgeons (called bheshaja or vaidya). Ayurveda, the holistic science has multi-targeted herbal
drugs , adjuvant therapy to offer in addition to the conventional medicine in the management of Breast cancer. [1] Breast cancer
is the most common malignancy among women globally and in India. The higher prevalence of advanced breast cancer (ABC)
in elderly women is attributable to delayed diagnosis, lack of sufcient health care resources, Variablity in disease presentation
and progression and high costs for conventional treatment[2].Cancer is a malignant growth or tumour resulting from an
uncontrolled division of cells. Cancers gure among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,with
approximately 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer related deaths (W.H.O)[3]. Many promising remedies for breast
cancer are included in Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine. The present review concentrates on the available literature
found in Ayurveda regarding plants and breast cancer.[4]
A NEGLECTED FOREIGN BODY (ARECA NUT) IN LEFT NASAL CAVITY IN AN ADULT WITH UNUSUAL HISTORY
Authors: Ul Ameen Syed Sadiq , D Ashwini.
Published: May 2024

Nasal foreign bodies (NFB) are commonly seen in the emergency department mostly in the pediatric population,
however, they might be seen in adults with psychiatric illness or developmental disabilities. Nasal foreign bodies are
usually benign and do not require urgent intervention, however, some objects can cause severe damage and need to be
removed urgently, these include things like batteries and magnets. The nasal foreign body may be obvious or may
require a high index of suspicion as they may present acutely but can be missed and remain for weeks, months, or even
years after insertion. Basically, foreign bodies are classified as animate and inanimate or organic and inorganic. In
general, the organic foreign bodies tend to be more irritating to the nasal mucosa and tend to cause symptoms much
earlier.
ORBITAL RHABDOMYOSARCOMA- A CASE REPORT
Authors: Devi Seema , Minakshi P
Published: May 2024

Introduction:Rhabdomyosarcoma is mesenchymal originated soft tissue tumours. It is commonest head and neck soft
time Ca in childhood malignancy (1,2). It Constituted about 5% of all paediatric malignancy about 40%
rhabdomyosarcoma occurs in head and neck area (3,4). Tumour arises from indifferent pluripotent Mesenchymal cells
that can differentiated during embryonic period between skeletal muscles. Rarely it is caused by trauma. Case
Presentation: 6-year female presented with proctoring Most in left eye for last 9 months, pain and watery discharge
from left eye for last 3-4 months. Biopsy has been done which shown spindle cell carcinoma Discussion: The current
European paediatric soft tissue sarcoma society recommended following treatment protocol. The treatment protocol
consists of Proton-therapy, Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy. Conclusion: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in life threeling
disease with high morbidity early diagnosis and treatment can save the life. Addition of radiotherapy improves survival
and prognosis.
EVALUATION OF INFLUENZA, SARS COV-2, AND ITS CO-INFECTION AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN COIMBATORE
Authors: Murali K Saravana , Shanmugam Karthick , Avinash S Divakaran , K. R Arunbalaji , R Surya , S.V Satish , Chidambaram Ashok , Santhose N Bharathi
Published: May 2024

Influenza and COVID-19 are highly contagious and threatening respiratory viruses that may cause acute respiratory
illness and have a high fatality rate. Despite the fact that the Influenza and COVID-19 epidemic was coming to an end,
occasional occurrences of new strains were documented across the world. However, throughout the pandemic, there was
no seasonal focus on micro-level influenza monitoring. To properly evaluate the threat of Influenza and COVID-19, we
conducted a study from April 2022 to June 2023 in a tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, which would allow us to
determine the sessional spread. From April 2022 to June 2023, 270 oropharyngeal swabs were collected and examined
for Influenza virus and COVID-19 using ICMR NIV Influenza and SARS CoV-2 Multiplex combo Real-time PCR. In
addition, epidemiological data for those clinical samples (ILI/SARI) was obtained. 270 samples tested for Influenza and
COVID-19, 5 [1.85%] were positive for influenza A H1N1 and 1 [0.37%] for influenza B Victoria. Influenza A H3N2 and
Influenza B Yamagata tested negative during 2022, however, COVID-19 tested positive 7 (3.8%). The study revealed a
peak in influenza AH1N1-positive cases in August, September, and October 2022, with males predominating in the 0-12
year age group. COVID-19 positive cases were reported in September, with A[H1N1] subtypes becoming prevalent in
2022-2023.
STUDY OF COMPLEX TIBIAL PLAFOND FRACTURES TREATED BY DELAYED SINGLE STAGE PROCEDURE - PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Mogileesh Mogileesh , Abdul Ashish , Chetan Chetan , Babu Chandra sekhar
Published: May 2024

Background: Tibial Pilon fractures are the most severe ankle joint injuries. Pilon injuries are relatively rare and
constitute only 5% to 10% of all tibial fractures. Most Pilon fractures are caused by high- energy trauma and are usually
associated with articular communication and severe soft tissue injury, making management extremely difficult for foot
and ankle surgeons. Delayed single stage procedure and two stage open reduction and internal Aims And Objectives:
fixation are the two commonly used surgical methods in management of tibial Plafond fracture. Surgery by Delayed
Single stage procedure shows better outcome compared to two stage Procedure. So we advice these modified surgical
procedure suitable to our hospital scenario. Source for this study: It is a prospective study done Methods- during the
period between May 2022 to August 2023 in department of orthopaedics at our teaching hospital . A total of 12 patients
who underwent delayed single stage procedure followed for a period of 18 months. Among which 10 patients are men
and two patients are women. Fractures with right leg in 8 people and left leg with 4 people .Mean age of patients was 20-
65 yrs of age. Trauma energy was defined as high velocity injury. Pilon fractures account for 1% of Results: all fractures.
There is debate in the literature about its treatment. In this study, we analysed important parameters in the surgical
treatment of these fractures to study possible correlations among them and how they correlate to functional results,
complications and sequelae. The quality of anatomic reduction is the most important parameter in the management of
these fractures. Anatomical reduction of these fractures are associated with better outcome. Pilon f Conclusion: ractures
are usually because of high velocity trauma associated with soft tissue injury hence we advised treatment by delayed
single stage procedure.Delayed single stage surgical procedure are convenient, acceptable to our low socio-economic
patients, reduced hospital stay, avoid repeated admissions, decreased morbidity, lower risk of anaesthesia
complications, post operative infections, less chances of non union and better bone healing for complex tibial Plafond
Fractures. As soft tissue coverage is very minimal in ankle region there is increased incidence of w Advice: ound
dehiscence, infection, implant failure so we wait till appearance of wrinkle over wound site, soft tissue healing and plan
for definite management.
RESECTION OF INFLAMMATORY PSEUDOTUMOR OF TRACHEA USING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Authors: Dal Avinash , Chandra Dronamraju Venkata Anil
Published: May 2024

Primary tracheal tumors are exceptionally uncommon, and the majority of them are cancerous. An inflammatory
pseudotumor is a noncancerous, tumor-like growth that is most likely caused by a reactive response. The primary
morphological feature is the proliferation of spindle-shaped cells, specifically myoblasts and fibroblasts, accompanied
by varying numbers and types of inflammatory cells. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) creates a field without blood for
heart surgery. The system utilizes an extracorporeal circuit to deliver physiological support by draining venous blood
into a reservoir, oxygenating it, and returning it to the body through a pump. The collaboration between the surgeon,
perfusionist, and anaesthesiologist is crucial for the effective utilization of CPB.
UNVEILING THE GENOMIC DIVERSITY OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS 4 BY BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS
Authors: Buragohain Lukumoni , Bharali Arpita , Barman Nagendra Nath
Published: May 2024

Porcine Circovirus 4 (PCV4) is the latest type of Porcine Circoviruses (PCVs) and found to be associated with several
clinical manifestations in pigs, although exact pathogenesis is still unclear. This study aims to reveal the genetic diversity
of different strains of PCV4 that were detected in different locations. Accordingly, seventy numbers of complete genome
of PCV4 and 13 genome sequences of other PCVs were retrieved from public database and phylogenetic analysis,
pairwise identity and intergenomic diversity analysis were done with different online and offline bioinformatics tools.
Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PCV4 sequences formed a separate clade and the genetic variation among
different PCV4 strains were between 0.0-2.3%. The genetic diversity analysis presented in this study will be helpful to
conduct future research in designing molecular diagnostics for detection of PCV4, however, more detailed study in
future is required for better genomic characterization of this virus.
A CASE SERIES ON SECONDARY HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS CAUSED BY INFECTIONS
Authors: Nallathambi Naveenkumar , B Priyadharshini , Kannan Bharathi , Jebamalar B Sharon
Published: May 2024

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially life-threatening syndrome of excessive immune activation
that is common in infant and young children, but it can affect any age. It can occur as familial or sporadically. Infection
being the most common trigger.Here we discuss three cases of infection triggering HLH,diagnosed and treated as HLH
in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital,Chennai. First case is a 53-year-old male with complaints of high-grade
intermittent fever with wet cough diagnosed as disseminated tuberculosis with secondary HLH and started on ATT.
Second case is a 32-year-old male presented with fever with chills and rigor diagnosed as leptospirosis and Brucellosis
with secondary HLH, Diagnosed and treated with antibiotics and steroids. Third case is a 56-year-old male presented
with pyrexia of unknown origin diagnosed as burkholderia fever with secondary HLH, diagnosed and treated with
antibiotic,steroid and splenic abscess drainage.
UNDERSTANDING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF RESERVATION FOR EWS (ECONOMIC WEAKER SECTION) IN INDIA
Authors: Rahi Ayush , Kachar Vineeta
Published: May 2024

The reservation system in India has evolved over decades to address socio-economic inequalities,expanding to include
various marginalized groups. The 103rd Constitutional Amendment introduced a 10% reservation for economically
weaker sections (EWS), sparking legal debates due to its exclusion of existing beneficiaries and breaching the 50%
reservation cap. Judicial interventions, like in the Indra Sawhney case, highlighted the complexity of determining
backwardness, emphasizing a holistic approach beyond economic criteria.The recent Supreme Court verdict upheld
the amendment,reflecting a nuanced understanding of reservation dynamics while balancing constitutional principles.
Overall,India's reservation policies reflect a continuous endeavor to reconcile social justice with legal frameworks in a
diverse society.This article deals with understanding the attempt by the government to classify and provide reservation
for Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBCs) and Economic Weaker Section (EWS) and the role of judiciary
in its interpretation,classification and adoption.
CANDIDA PARAPSILOSIS IN A CASE OF METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF GALL BLADDER WITH OBSTRUCTIVE BILIOPATHY
Authors: Yadav Chanchal , Sengupta Sharmila , Pandey Anubhav , Mehta Vibha
Published: May 2024

Isolation of candida species in bile is increasing in hospitalized immunocompromised patients. Use of therapeutic
hepatobiliary procedures and stents in cancer patients presenting with obstructive jaundice has been found associated
with infectious complications. Positive bile culture growing candida should not be ignored as a mere contaminant, rather
a thought should be given for its clinical significance especially while prescribing treatment for the immunosuppressed
patient with recurrent cholangitis or receiving long term antibiotic therapy. In this study, we report a case of metastatic
carcinoma of gallbladder with cholangitis where Candida parapsilosis was isolated along with other previous bacterial
infection in bile.
THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF ASCORBIC ACID AS AN ADJUNCT IN SEPSIS: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Kaur Rekhi Balwinder , Kumar Parmod , Diksha Diksha , Garg Lalit Kumar , Cathrine Priyaa
Published: May 2024

Vitamin C is focus of intense interest with respect to its role in treatment of critically ill pat Introduction- ients. It has vast
beneficial effects including the attenuation of lipid peroxidation, reduced vascular permeability, preservation of
endothelial function and microcirculatory flow. To assess the role of ascorbic acid as an adjunct b Aim- y comparing the
three different doses of ascorbic acid in terms of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)Score, acute inflammatory
markers- C-reactive protein (CRP), serum lactate levels, Red Cell Distribution width, dose and duration of
norepinephrine administration. Total of 233 patients having sepsis admitted to ICU of Rajindra hosp Methods- ital were
enrolled in study. Of these, 23 patients died before completing the study duration of 96 hours. Hence, data of 210 patients
(70 in each of the three groups) was analyzed using SPSS software and Microsoft excel. Patients received intravenous
ascorbic acid 50mg/kg/24hours, 100mg/kg/24 hours, 200 mg/kg/24 hours for 96 hours in group A, group B and group C
respectively. there was significant reduction in SOFA scores, CRP levels, red cell distribution wid Results- th, serum
lactate levels in all the three groups However, maximum reduction in SOFA scores, CRP levels and red cell distribution
width was in group C There was significant reduction in mean dose of noradrenaline in all the three groups and
statistically significant difference in mean duration of noradrenaline infusion in all the three groups. We Conclusionconclude that addition of ascorbic acid has improved mean arterial pressure and reduction in dose and duration of
noradrenaline in all the three groups indicating early reversal of shock. It also has led to marked reduction in Sofa score,
serum lactate levels, CRP and red cell distribution width.
The Season of Living Archives: a Generative Provenance
Authors: Valacchi Federico
Published: May 2024

The contribution, starting from consolidated archival concepts, introduces the theme of living archives by evaluating their potential political role and the impact they can have on cultural and social dynamics. It also evaluates what the tools for contextualized use of these resources could be, also in light of a cross-action of the principles of provenance and relevance.
Teaching cataloguing after RDA 3R project
Authors: Kyprianos Konstantinos , Efthymiou Foteini , Katsira Georgia
Published: May 2024

This paper describes how RDA 3R was incorporated into a two-semester cataloguing course syllabus for first-year students and investigates students’ perceptions and feelings about the courses taught. The information gathered will guide the further development and improvement of the course to fully meet the needs of students and the requirements of the market, especially with the emergence of new resource description standards. Following the course teacher’s approval, the researchers distributed questionnaires during class hours. This method ensured that all students participated. The questionnaire was completely anonymous. It included two demographic questions and the CEQ 23 instrument with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Besides that, a self-assessment questionnaire was employed to better understand their confidence in the knowledge gained. Quantitative analysis was carried out on the data related to 63 individual students. The quantitative analysis employed the statistical package SPSS. The findings revealed that students are reasonably confident in their new skills but prefer more practice over theory. Finally, they mentioned that they would like more precise goals and an extension of the courses to three semesters, as the workload is quite heavy. Overall, students feel relatively confident about the knowledge gained and believe they can catalogue in a library setting. The CEQ 23 instrument can be used in various knowledge organisation courses. It can provide a better understanding, with the ultimate goal of changing the curriculum or repurposing information organisation courses, allowing any Library and Information Science (LIS) school to judge the future of studies and their direction.
Measuring food insecurity: Food Affordability Index as a measure of territorial inequalities
Authors: Bernaschi Daniela , Marino Davide , Felici Francesca
Published: May 2024

The devastating economic and social impact of COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine has exacerbated poverty and food insecurity, making it harder for people to access food. Based on a multidimensional understanding of food insecurity, this study focuses on one of the most challenging dimensions for affluent societies, namely, the economic access to food. Therefore, the research aims to develop an innovative Food Affordability Index (FIA) that captures the inter-territorial inequalities and critical problems created by the economic disruptions in the local food system that prevent people from eating healthy. The index is based on a survey of the prices of products suitable for healthy eating in thirty shops in Rome, Italy. A distinction was made both by the type of distribution channel (e.g. discount and supermarket) and by the area in which the survey was conducted, i.e., the 15 municipalities of Rome. This study sheds light on the problem of food insecurity and highlights areas where households are far from an ideal healthy diet. Understanding the spatial distribution of economic inequalities in access to healthy food seems crucial for the implementation of targeted policies and programmes to address this problem, which is increasingly structural in affluent societies.
Socio-spatial analysis of food poverty: the case of Turin
Authors: Allegretti Veronica , Toldo Alessia
Published: May 2024

This contribution investigates the phenomenon of food poverty, focusing on the dimensions, forms and dynamics that this condition takes on in the urban context of the city of Turin. The general objective is to provide a theoretical advance in the scientific debate and to better contextualise the phenomenon at the local level to propose policy indications for the actors involved in forms of assistance/counteraction. In the last three years, mainly due to the socio-economic crisis triggered by the pandemic and the increase in the prices of necessities, the incidence and intensity of food poverty have changed, exacerbating the conditions of those who were already experiencing it and eroding the ability of a large segment of the population to protect themselves from material deprivation. Corresponding to this operational complexity there is a semantic polysemic – both in the scientific debate and in public discourse – due to a plurality of theoretical-disciplinary approaches that fragment the definitional framework with consequences on understanding and treatment of the phenomenon. In this framework, the contribution delves into this complexity, providing an operational and contextualised definition of the Italian case through the analysis of the results of the sample survey conducted at the end of 2021 on a group of 205 food assistance recipients in Turin.
Territorial food governance in the making: towards the Food Roundtable of Tuscany Region
Authors: Berti Giaime , Belletti Giovanni , Toccaceli Daniela , Arcuri Sabrina
Published: May 2024

Transition towards sustainable food systems demands a change to integrated or territorial policy approaches and boundary-spanning governance arrangements. Territorial approaches provide an effective framework to address food systems transformation at a scale where it can be tackled with the active participation of all stakeholders. The paper brings the territorial governance approach to the food governance debate and introduces the concept of participatory multi-stakeholder food platforms as arrangements to implement territorial food governance. The paper investigates the implementation of territorial food governance in Tuscany (Italy) at local level and explores the emerging attempt to scaling-up local food governance by developing a regional participatory multi-stakeholder food platform: the Regional Food Roundtable of Tuscany.
School Food Policy through a Project Financing
Authors: Torquati Biancamaria , Loce-Mandes Fabrizio , Martino Gaetano
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the scientific community has focused more on urban food policies adopted by big cities and less on the local food policies adopted by small municipalities. Furthermore, the empirical evidence on school food policy initiatives is quite fragmented, and the management of the canteen service is not directly addressed by the studies carried out. In this work, the school food policy implemented in a small municipality (Corciano in the province of Perugia, Centre Italy) of about 22,000 inhabitants, through the application of project financing with the participation of local social cooperatives is presented and discussed. This paper aims to reflect on the capability of the alternative food networks developed through the project financing mechanism to identify and implement the uses of the resources concerning the local food policy objectives and the project capacity of the network. The analysis is conducted using a methodological approach based on agricultural economics and anthropology. Results from economic data analysis, collective interviews, and participant observation show that: the financial balance of the project financing is positive but quite precarious and very sensitive to market variations, both regarding the overall demand for canteen meals, and the procurement of raw materials and workforce; the project’s organizational model through a local network not only can combine the environmental, social, and health dimensions of food, but it can also reshape the local concept of community, as well as new opportunities for the circulation of food products.
Ethics in Health Care
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: May 2024

Ethics has the task not only to acquaint people with the concept of morality, but also to take a critical view of existing moral practice. The purpose of ethics as a philosophical discipline is precisely to know and explain the essence of human action, human practice with regard to its moral quality, to know the action and shaping of moral consciousness. Medical ethics plays an important role in medical education and later in medical careers. It prepares students to be able to discern ethical problems and issues and to analyze and solve them in a logical way. The ability to make ethical decisions is a fundamental attribute for the education of medical and health professionals. Making quality decisions is often impossible without considering certain ethical issues.
Factors Associated with Chemical Composition of Camel Milk from Different Production Systems in Sudan
Authors: Elhassan Sarra M. B. Mohamed- , Zubeir Ibtisam E. M. El
Published: May 2024

In this study, the impact of different management systems, parity orders, stages of lactation and age of she camels on the chemical composition of milk were evaluated. The study was conducted during August to October 2018 to compare camel milk from three production systems that include the traditional nomadic in Kuma locality (North Darfur State) to the semi-nomadic (Red Valley in Eastern Nile and Hamid Well in Western Omdurman (Khartoum State) and the intensive in El Huda in Western Omdurman (Khartoum State). The milk samples investigated belong to three groups; parity orders, lactation stages and ages; of she-camels. The samples (n=120) were examined to determine the percent of fat, solids not fat, lactose, protein and density in camel milk. The results showed significant (P≤0.05) differences between milk samples obtained from camels reared in different management systems. The semi-nomadic system in Hamid Well area recorded high values for the chemical constituent in comparison to other systems and locations. Stages of lactation of she-camels kept in the intensive production system showed significant effect on the values of SNF, protein, lactose and the density of milk. However non-significant differences were recorded on milk chemical composition depending on parity orders and age of she-camels. In conclusion, the variations of the values of the chemical composition of camel milk from different locations is strongly correlated to the management systems that influenced by the availability of water and feed as well as other factors including lactation stages.
A Case Study on Orthodontic-Surgical Management of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion in Adults: Clinical Approach and Outcomes
Authors: Souad Meddah , Lotfi Hachemi
Published: May 2024

This article presents a case study illustrating the successful management of skeletal Class III malocclusion in an adult through an orthodontic-surgical approach. The clinical case outlines the entire process, from initial assessment to post-treatment outcomes, conducted within our service. Key steps include diagnostic planning using advanced tools such as 3D imaging and virtual surgery simulation. Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment was carefully planned to prepare dental and skeletal structures for surgical correction. Orthognathic surgery was performed precisely according to the established plan, followed by a post-surgical orthodontic phase to finalize occlusion. Short-term and long-term outcomes are evaluated, highlighting significant improvement in facial aesthetics, occlusal function, and post-treatment stability. This case study demonstrates the effectiveness of our integrated approach in managing skeletal Class III malocclusions in adults, underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for optimal outcomes
Social Grounds of Pickpocket in Metropolitan City: Attitude and Aftermath Effect among the Sufferer
Authors: Naskar Ankita , Chatterjee Soumita , Karmakar Chaitali , Choudhury Dr.Sutapa
Published: May 2024

The study delves into the complex phenomenon of pickpocketing, a global affliction that persists across nations like India, posing a familiar threat to individuals in crowded spaces. Despite its historical roots as an opportunistic crime, pickpocketing has evolved into an organized enterprise, often involving economically disadvantaged individuals forming groups. While prevalent in major cities worldwide, pickpocketing lacks explicit legal recognition in India's Penal Code, falling under broader theft laws. Leveraging data from automated fare collection systems and trajectory analysis, this research refines anomaly-detection applications to identify suspicious behaviors, shedding light on the environmental factors shaping pickpocketing trends. The study focuses on the social considerations of pickpocketing in Kolkata, India, exploring victim experiences and perceptions. Findings reveal the broader social impacts of pickpocketing, beyond just financial loss, with victims enduring significant social and psychological distress. Despite lacking specific legal penalties, pickpocketing remains a prevalent issue, highlighting the need for collective efforts from governments, law enforcement, and the public to combat it effectively.
Technological Innovations and Financial Markets Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Zabagai Ametissa , Nourou Mohammadou , Sézard Timbi
Published: May 2024

The aim of this article is to assess the effect of technological innovations on the development of financial markets in Sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1996-2021. The study was conducted in 48 sub-Saharan African countries. The theory of financial intermediation (McKinnon, 1973 and Shaw, 1973) was used for the entire analysis process. This evaluation was carried out using the ARDL model with the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator. In addition, we develop a composite index of financial development following the work of Čihák et al., (2012) and Svirydzenka (2016). The results from this analysis show that in the short term, all the variables of interest internet, landline and cell phone have no significant effect on the development of direct finance; although in the long term, internet and landline have positive and significant effects. These results argue in favor of investing in technological innovations that are capable of stimulating financial markets, and whose effects can have a positive impact ......
“Unravelling Colorectal Cancer: From Origin to Treatment”
Authors: Ramya Kake , Jayaraman Anbu , Gond Harshitha , Patel Vaishnavi
Published: May 2024

The colon and rectum are the primary organs affected by colorectal cancer (CRC), which is the primary cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Inflammation, particularly in disorders like inflammatory bowel diseases, increases the risk of colorectal cancer, with environmental factors playing a crucial role. The majority of adenocarcinomas typically develop from the epithelial cells that line the colon and rectum as a result of a complex series of genetic and epigenetic modifications. Benign precursor lesions such as adenomatous polyps trigger the slow progression of CRC over a period of ten years or longer. Its etiology is influenced by sporadic, familial, and hereditary forms; prominent hereditary syndromes include Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis. Chromosome instability and microsatellite instability are the two main tumorigenic pathways that underpin the pathophysiology of CRC, exhibiting regional differences in the global epidemiology. Approaches: TNM classification is the basis for diagnosis, and various treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy, are employed during treatment. Surgical treatments, from minimally invasive procedures to colectomy, are essential and highlight the importance of total excision of the mesocolic region. The standard therapeutic approach consists of chemotherapy and targeted agents; however, newer like gene therapy and immunotherapy show promise. In order to improve outcomes and lessen the burden of the disease, combating CRC requires comprehensive strategies that include early detection, prevention, and innovative therapeutic interventions.
Hormoanl and Semen Production Response to Oral Combination of Tigernut, Soybean, Datefruit Extract and Cod Liver Oil Administration in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: E Kiridi Emily G. , Uvoh Solomon M. , L Blessing Dum-Awara , David Odikeme Eyidenghabofa
Published: May 2024

Aim/objective: This study assess the effect of combined oral administration of tigernut, datefruit, soybean extract and liquid codliver oil on semen and hormonal indices such as sperm count, viability, ph., testosterone, FSH, LH, PSA etc using male wistar rats. Methods: The Tiet and Layman methods were used to determine the concerned hormones analyzed while the PSA and semen was calculated using calibrated curve method and hemocytometer Method. The animals were grouped into two phases. Hormonal (1) phase: This consist of 25 animals with group (1) serving as the control, (2) received 1000mg/kg soybean, (3) received 800mg/kg tigernut and datefruit, (4) 800mg/kg of combined extract of tigernut, datefruit, and soybean daily while group5 received a standard drug of 500mg/kg codliver oil daily. Phase (2) Semen analysis: This phase consist of 35 animals with group (1) also serving as control but group (2) receive 1400mg/kg tigernut, (3) receive 800mg/kg datefruit, (4) receive 1000mg/kg soybean, (5) receive 800mg/kg datefruit/tigernut, (6) receive 800mg/kg of tigernut, datefruit, and soybean extract each daily while group7 was administered 500mg/kg codliver oil daily for 35days. Results: The outcome of this study indicate an increase mean values for insulin, LH and testosterone among the test group compared with control. The FSH level was significantly higher in group2 (3.60m/u/ml) but decreases in group3 - group5 compared with the control (3.00m/u/ml) level. There was a significant positive correlation that exist between FSH and LH while the PSA levels are within normal range. Both active and sperm count were increased in percentage and in millions among group5 and group6 administered the combined extract of the fruits daily in comparison with control group. A significant increase level of testosterone and improved normal/active sperm count among the test group administered soybean extract and codliver oil daily was observed. Conclusion: This study is a break through on ..
Chronic Lead Exposure Impairment of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Adult Male Wistar Rats: Biochemical and Histomorphological Evidence
Authors: Adebola Adetunji Opeyemi , Marvellous Linus Chiamaka , Olufunso Adeoye Bayo , Phillips Akano Oyedayo , Tunde Ogunsanya Sanmi , Oluwole Oyewumi Samson , David Adeoye Ayodeji , Olawole Olayinka Olugbenga , Ezekiel Adeogun Adetomiwa
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The upsurge in male infertility has been associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. There is a dearth of conclusive empirical data as to the deleterious impacts of heavy metal intoxication on male reproductive functioning through the HPG axis. Objective: This study seeks to elucidate the possible effects of chronic lead exposure on HPG signalling activities via biochemical and histopathological assessment. Experimental Section/Material and Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats were randomised into four experimental groups (n=10). Group A, the control group received standard feed and water ad libitume. In Groups B, C and D, animals were orally administered lead acetate at concentrations of 2.5% 3.0% and 3.5%, respectively, using a stock solution of 150mg/kg once daily for 35 days. After the treatment period, all animals were fasted overnight and euthanized by cervical dislocation. Blood levels of anterior pituitary hormones (FSH and LH) were analysed using standard methods. Statistical analyses was done on graph pad prism. Testicular tissue was processed routinely for histopathological analyses using different stains. Results: Hormonal assays showed no significant changes in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (p>0.05) levels across groups. However, histological examination revealed alterations in testicular architecture, including disrupted spermatogonia cell arrangement and reduced Sertoli cell numbers, indicative of adverse effects on spermatogenesis. Conclusion: Chronic lead exposure adversely affects testicular histomorphology in adult male Wistar rats, potentially impacting reproductive function. While hormonal levels remain relatively unaffected, alterations in testicular structure suggest a direct impact on gonadal functions at a cellular level.
BEYOND REACTIONARY: SAGE PRACTICES FOR INTENTIONAL REFLEXIVITY IN ONLINE QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION
Authors: Emily Summers  , Armstrong Sonya , Mahdavivand Fard Sajjad , Garza Melissa
Published: May 2024

Introduction/Frame: Recent pandemic responsiveness has prompted increased online qualitative data collection. Few researchers have offered detailed discussions reflecting on how and/or why they maintained or adjusted in-person data collection techniques for online shifts. This paper pulled on lived experiences from researchers who reflected upon their online data collection practices, galvanized by evidence from peer-reviewed research. Research Question/Objectives: The following research questions guided this project: (1) How did qualitative data collection change when research rapidly shifted online? (2) What were essential elements to consider from in-person to online qualitative data collection practices? Goals and Methods: The goal was to inform qualitative researchers of key concepts to consider in adjusting to online data collection based on a fusion of the literature alongside professional experiences.  This applied methodological paper utilized field notebooks and notes from research discussion groups during the transition to online data collection to examine considerations toward responsively revising data collection procedures aligned to online contexts. Results: Our investigation identified eight essential Successfully Applied, Grounded-in-Experience (SAGE) practices to consider in reconceptualizing data collection approaches for online contexts: (1) (re)examining online data collection differences in proximity and amplification of facial-emphasis communication, (2) strengthening awareness of truncated corporal visuality in online contexts, (3) increasing fluency and agility with digital tools, (4) increasing mindfulness of temporal need for visual data over audio-only data, (5) increasing research-oriented professionalism to counterbalance casual social or classroom-styled video chat practices, (6) enhancing researcher reflexivity regarding transcription and field notes, (7) maintaining procedural flexibility and balance regarding potential hybrid data collection, and (8) increasing temporal accessibility vis-à-vis boundaries. Final Considerations: Building from reactionary experiences and guidance during the emergency transition to online data collection modes and approaches, there is a need to reflexively reconceptualize data collection for online contexts.
Avaliação Limnológica na Bacia do Rio Limoeiro no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Serraglio Rodolfo Durante , De Moura Marta Aparecida , Costa Sérgio Marques , Arana Alba Regina Azevedo , Uliana Maíra Rodrigues
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água na Bacia do Rio Limoeiro, no Oeste Paulista, Brasil, na perspectiva do Índice de Qualidade de Água para Proteção da Vida Aquática (IVA). O estudo foi conduzido por Pesquisa Bibliográfica, Trabalho de Campo e Laboratório. Foram realizadas avaliações para construção do IVA – clorofila, fósforo (P), oxigênio dissolvido (OD), pH, cádmio (Cd), cromo (Cr), cobre (Cu), chumbo (Pb), níquel, zinco (Zn), fenóis, surfactantes – por dois períodos (2019, períodos chuvoso e seco), em 5 pontos estratégicos da bacia. No período chuvoso 43% dos parâmetros avaliados estiveram acima do limite legal permitido pela resolução CONAMA 357; no período seco, aproximadamente 60%. No período chuvoso o Rio Limoeiro apresentou o IVA com coeficiente de ponderação de 4,1 (“Regular”) e no período seco 7,7 (“Péssimo”), essa classificação para os períodos chuvoso e seco, mostra cenários que podem estar estruturados principalmente por uma variedade de fatores, de origem natural ou antrópica. Foram observadas condições impróprias para manutenção da vida aquática. Segundo o IVA e as normas da Companhia Ambiental do Estado  de São Paulo (CETESB), tais condições evidenciam que atividades antrópicas causaram impactos ambientais nos pontos investigados.
Mapas e Espaço Concebido: um Olhar Crítico sobre a Representação Cartográfica de Edificações Religiosas no Mapeamento Oficial do Brasil
Authors: De Azevedo João Bosco , Duarte Adriene dos Santos , Silva Flávia Felix da , Giannella Letícia de Carvalho
Published: May 2024

A humanidade sempre retratou o espaço por meios de mapas, transformando-os em um importante instrumento de sua representação gráfica, proporcionando uma gamade interpretações e leituras. Dentre os diferentes elementos que compõem o espaço, as edificações religiosas são usualmente representadas nos mapas oficiais através de um olhar cristão do agente público detentor do poder legal, processo que não se tornou mais inclusivo mesmo com o advento de recursos viabilizados pelas novas tecnologias. Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a construção de um espaço concebido – mapa oficial normatizado pelo poder público – sem considerar a vida cotidiana e os espaços socialmente produzidos com um caráter sagrado ou de práticas de diferentes denominações religiosas e seu ocultamento/apagamento nas normativas cartográficas em vigor no país.