bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
French Feminisms, 1848-1949
Authors: Pedersen Jean Elisabeth
Published: September 2014

This review article considers the history and historiography of French feminism by discussing eight recent English- and French-language books that collectively analyze this important topic over the key period from the Revolution of 1848 and the political exclusion of women at the foundation of the Second Republic through the Second World War and the political inclusion of women at the foundation of the Fourth Republic. The books under review consider French feminisms not only on their own but also in comparison with the feminisms of other countries, especially England and Germany; not only with reference to the European continent but also with consideration of the French colonies, especially those in Africa and the Antilles; not only as a development in the history of gender but also as a development in the histories of race, class, religion, region, nation, and empire. Special topics include women’s suffrage; women’s honor; feminism and neo-Malthusianism; feminism and syndicalism; feminisms in France, Germany, and Alsace-Lorraine; feminism, colonialism, and anticolonialism; and women, feminism, and photography. The review both assesses the current state of the field and raises a series of new questions for further research.

Ce compte-rendu collectif adresse l’histoire et l’historiographie du féminisme français par la discussion de huit ouvrages anglophones et francophones parus entre 2009 et 2012. Lus dans leur ensemble, ces livres analysent les féminismes français pendant la période clef qui durait des Révolutions de 1848 jusqu’à la fin de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, une période qui s’ouvrait avec l’exclusion politique des femmes à la fondation de la Deuxième République et se terminait avec l’inclusion politique des femmes à la fondation de la Quatrième République. Ces ouvrages approchent l’histoire des féminismes français non seulement dans leur cadre national mais aussi en comparaison avec les féminismes d’autres pays, surtout l’Angleterre et l’Allemagne ; non seulement par rapport à l’Europe mais aussi aux colonies françaises, surtout celles de l’Afrique et des Antilles ; non seulement comme un développement qui fait partie de l’histoire du genre, mais aussi comme un développement qui fait partie des histoires de la race, des classes, des religions, des régions, de la nation, et de l’empire. Leurs sujets comprennent le suffrage des femmes ; l’honneur des femmes ; le féminisme et le néo-malthusianisme ; le féminisme et le syndicalisme ; les féminismes en France, en Allemagne, et en Alsace-Lorraine ; le féminisme, le colonialisme, et l’anticolonialisme ; et les femmes, le féminisme, et la photographie. Le compte-rendu offre non seulement un bilan de l’état des recherches contemporaines sur l’histoire des féminismes français mais également une série de nouvelles questions pour inspirer des recherches additionnelles sur ce riche sujet.
The preferred walk to run transition speed in actual lunar gravity
Authors: De Witt John K. , Edwards W. Brent , Scott-Pandorf Melissa M. , Norcross Jason R. , Gernhardt Michael L.
Published: September 2014

Quantifying the preferred transition speed (PTS) from walking to running has provided insight into the underlying mechanics of locomotion. The dynamic similarity hypothesis suggests that the PTS should occur at the same Froude number across gravitational environments. In normal Earth gravity, the PTS occurs at a Froude number of 0.5 in adult humans, but previous reports found the PTS occurred at Froude numbers greater than 0.5 in simulated lunar gravity. Our purpose was to (1) determine the Froude number at the PTS in actual lunar gravity during parabolic flight and (2) compare it with the Froude number at the PTS in simulated lunar gravity during overhead suspension. We observed that Froude numbers at the PTS in actual lunar gravity (1.39±0.45) and simulated lunar gravity (1.11±0.26) were much greater than 0.5. Froude numbers at the PTS above 1.0 suggest that the use of the inverted pendulum model may not necessarily be valid in actual lunar gravity and that earlier findings in simulated reduced gravity are more accurate than previously thought.
The elaborate plumage in peacocks is not such a drag
Authors: Askew Graham N.
Published: September 2014

One of the classic examples of an exaggerated sexually selected trait is the elaborate plumage that forms the train in male peafowl Pavo cristatus (peacock). Such ornaments are thought to reduce locomotor performance as a result of their weight and aerodynamic drag, but this cost is unknown. Here, the effect that the train has on take-off flight in peacocks was quantified as the sum of the rates of change of the potential and kinetic energies of the body (PCoM) in birds with trains and following the train's removal. There was no significant difference between PCoM in birds with and without a train. The train incurs drag during take-off; however, while this produces a twofold increase in parasite drag, parasite power only accounts for 0.1% of the total aerodynamic power. The train represented 6.9% of body weight and is expected to increase induced power. The absence of a detectable effect on take-off performance does not necessarily mean that there is no cost associated with possessing such ornate plumage; rather, it suggests that given the variation in take-off performance per se, the magnitude of any effect of the train has little meaningful functional relevance.
A Drastic Difference in Photoluminescent Behavior between Cysteinato and Penicillaminato Gold(III) Complexes with a Phenylpyridinato Ligand
Authors: Kuwamura Naoto , Hayashida Kouhei , Tsuge Kiyoshi , Yoshinari Nobuto , Konno Takumi
Published: September 2014

The reactions of [Au(ppy)Cl2] (Hppy: 2-phenylpyridine) with d-penicillamine (d-H2pen) and l-cysteine (l-H2cys) in a 1:1 ratio gave mononuclear gold(III) complexes, [Au(ppy)(d-pen-N,S)] and [Au(ppy)(l-cys-N,S)], respectively, which were both structurally characterized to have a square-planar cis(N)-CN2S geometry. While the l-cys complex was nonemissive, the d-pen complex was found to exhibit orange emission in the solid state.
What Do We Learn from the Weather? The New Climate-Economy Literature
Authors: Dell Melissa , Jones Benjamin F. , Olken Benjamin A.
Published: September 2014

A rapidly growing body of research applies panel methods to examine how temperature, precipitation, and windstorms influence economic outcomes. These studies focus on changes in weather realizations over time within a given spatial area and demonstrate impacts on agricultural output, industrial output, labor productivity, energy demand, health, conflict, and economic growth, among other outcomes. By harnessing exogenous variation over time within a given spatial unit, these studies help credibly identify (i) the breadth of channels linking weather and the economy, (ii) heterogeneous treatment effects across different types of locations, and (iii) nonlinear effects of weather variables. This paper reviews the new literature with two purposes. First, we summarize recent work, providing a guide to its methodologies, datasets, and findings. Second, we consider applications of the new literature, including insights for the “damage function” within models that seek to assess the potential economic effects of future climate change. (JEL C51, D72, O13, Q51, Q54)
Encountering learning disability in general health settings
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: September 2014

Those with a learning disability are at least as likely to experience illnesses and health needs that require admittance to hospital or use of other generalized settings as others. As a result, they will need to receive nursing care and support from accident and emergency departments, GP practices, surgical or medical wards, health centres, outpatients’ departments and other health services. At some point in their careers, many support workers will meet and be involved in providing health services to those with a learning disability. This article will highlight how support workers can support people with a learning disability in a general, non-learning disability environment.
Navigating contested terrain—AP stories from the frontline
Authors: Jackson Carolyn , Thurgate Claire
Published: September 2014

In the rapidly changing and contested terrain of health practice, assistant practitioners (APs) and health care assistants have a vital role to play in delivering high quality, person-centered, safe and effective care. This article explores the experiences of APs working on the frontline of care at a time of increasing financial pressures and government drive for reform,. It examines the lessons that can be learned about the tensions they are facing and the benefits of their role in delivering a high quality service for all. It presents narratives from several APs to highlight both the benefits and issues associated with their roles in practice and tease out core themes to consider for future development.
Transorbent hydrocellular wound dressing from Maersk Medical
Authors: Trudgian Julie
Published: September 2014

This article describes the healing process and explores the role of wound dressings in promoting the formation of granulation tissue. With so many products available it is important that nurses base their decisions on known clinical effectiveness and the best available evidence. Transorbent hydrocellular dressing from Maersk Medical is reviewed along with research into its efficacy. To determine the value of Transorbent in today's dynamic wound care arena, the literature will be examined and the product's ability to fulfil the criteria for the ideal wound dressing will be considered.
Natural history of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly
Authors: Gower-Rousseau Corinne , Savoye Guillaume , Fumery Mathurin
Published: September 2014

In the West in the past 50 years, the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have increased from 8–14/105 and 120–200/105 persons, respectively, for ulcerative colitis (UC) and 6–15/105 and 50–200/105 persons, respectively, for Crohn's disease (CD). In addition, the ageing of the population makes elderly-onset IBD a rising problem. Most natural history data on elderly-onset IBD patients and their therapeutic management are from tertiary referral centres. A better understanding of the epidemiology and natural history of elderly-onset IBD patients is strongly needed as the first step in improving the quality of care delivered to elderly patients. This review focuses on the natural history, clinical course and therapeutic outcomes of elderly-onset IBD patients from EPIMAD—a large French population-based registry.
Recognition, treatment and management of hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: Gipson Anna
Published: September 2014

The following article is the second of a two-part series focusing on hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Continuing on from exploring the pathophysiology of this severe consequence of liver disease, this article considers the management and treatment options available. Treatment should attempt to reverse the pathophysiology of intense renal vasoconstriction, although side effects and contraindications invariably exist. The precipitating factors and signs of HRS have been highlighted along with the possible complications to consider when providing patient care. Moreover, practical nursing interventions to assist the monitoring and early diagnosis in practice have been detailed, for this preventable and reversible condition.
Improving reproductive outcomes in the modern dairy cow — getting it right part 1
Authors: Whitfield Lisa
Published: September 2014

Introduction:

Lisa Whitfield reports back in two parts on the Ceva 2014 reprodAction BRED Workshop presented by R Pursley, P Fricke and A Valenza in May. Part 1 looks at the physiology of the reproductive cycle, anovulatory conditions, heat detection systems.
Cattle Review
Authors: Barrett David C
Published: September 2014

Introduction:

This Cattle Review focuses on the feeding of waste milk to dairy calves and two parasites that have attracted significant interest over recent years.
Equine Review
Authors: Parker Russell
Published: September 2014

Introduction:

This edition of Equine Review considers papers on distal limb desensitisation, complications of transcutaneous caecal decompression, treatment of osteoarthritis and transendosopic laser surgery to correct nasopharyngeal obstruction.
Male incontinence: using the urinary sheath
Authors: Smart Clare
Published: September 2014

Urinary incontinence is a condition that can affect many people as they get older. Clare Smart offers an insight into the option of urinary sheaths, which, if used correctly, can have a positive impact on a man's quality of life
Stimulating memories to improve quality of life
Authors: Lloyd-Yeates Tim
Published: September 2014

It is important to find new and innovative ways of interaction and stimulation. Alive! founder Tim Lloyd-Yeates recommends the use of tablet technology to reunite residents with their memories, ultimately improving their quality of life
Helping elderly individuals address substance use
Authors: Green Danielle
Published: September 2014

This competence-based optional unit assesses the care worker's ability to support individuals with drug or alcohol problems in developing and reviewing their action plans
Remote Quantitative Analysis of Minerals Based on Multispectral Line-Calibrated Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Wan Xiong , Wang Peng
Published: September 2014

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a feasible remote sensing technique used for mineral analysis in some unapproachable places where in situ probing is needed, such as analysis of radioactive elements in a nuclear leak or the detection of elemental compositions and contents of minerals on planetary and lunar surfaces. Here a compact custom 15 m focus optical component, combining a six times beam expander with a telescope, has been built, with which the laser beam of a 1064 nm Nd; YAG laser is focused on remote minerals. The excited LIBS signals that reveal the elemental compositions of minerals are collected by another compact single lens-based signal acquisition system. In our remote LIBS investigations, the LIBS spectra of an unknown ore have been detected, from which the metal compositions are obtained. In addition, a multi-spectral line calibration (MSLC) method is proposed for the quantitative analysis of elements. The feasibility of the MSLC and its superiority over a single-wavelength determination have been confirmed by comparison with traditional chemical analysis of the copper content in the ore.
A New Dual-Channel Optical Signal Probe for Cu2+ Detection Based on Morin and Boric Acid
Authors: Wang Peng , Yuan Bin Fang , Li Nian Bing , Luo Hong Qun
Published: September 2014

In this work we utilized the common analytical reagent morin to develop a new a dual-channel, cost-effective, and sensitive method for determination of Cu2+. It is found that morin is only weakly fluorescent by itself, but forms highly fluorescent complexes with boric acid. Moreover, the fluorescence of complexes of morin with boric acid is quenched linearly by Cu2+ in a certain concentration range. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescence quenching efficiency was linearly proportional to the concentration of cupric ions in the range of 0.5-25 μM with high sensitivity, and the detection limit for Cu2+ was 0.38 μM. The linear range was 1-25 μM determined by spectrophotometry, and the detection limit for cupric ions was 0.8 μM. Furthermore, the mechanism of sensitive fluorescence quenching response of morin to Cu2+ is discussed.
Effects of sale-specific factors on stumpage prices in Finland
Authors: Kolis Karin , Hiironen Juhana , Ärölä Esa , Vitikainen Arvo
Published: September 2014

Buyers of standing timber take not only the market situation but also the harvest costs into consideration when making purchase offers. In Finland, 85% of all timber is sold as standing timber, but there is little information for forest owners and third parties regarding how differences in harvest costs are reflected in the stumpage prices. This article analyses the relationship between sale-specific factors and stumpage prices in Finland. Data on 4824 standing timber sales between 2008 and 2012 were gathered from five local Forest Management Associations. Regression analyses were run on the stumpage prices (euros m) paid for sawlogs and pulpwood. Seasonal harvest restrictions, the volume of the sale and the timber assortment influenced stumpage prices, as did the presence of forest damages. Prices also differed over time and between locations. Furthermore, the forest haulage distance was statistically significant for pulpwood. The results suggest that the size of the individual sales and the composition of assortments affect the income owners earn from their forest. The results can be used to estimate stumpage prices and the monetary impacts on forest owners of procedures such as forest road network planning and land consolidation, as well as for valuation of forests.â3
Der kosmische Christus bei Rudolf Steiner und Teilhard de Chardin
Authors: Thiede Werner
Published: September 2014

Der vor 150 Jahren geborene Rudolf Steiner, promovierter Philosoph, wurde 1902 zur führenden Gestalt der Theosophie in Deutschland und begann sich in den Folgejahren von der internationalen Theosophischen Gesellschaft mit ihrer eher östlich geprägten Perspektive durch seine Betonung der Christus-Gestalt innerlich und schließlich auch äußerlich abzusetzen. Das führte zum Bruch mit der Zentrale in Adyar und zur Entstehung der Anthroposophischen Gesellschaft. Dass der französische Priester und Naturwissenschaftler Pierre Teilhard de Chardin mit seinem Konzept des »kosmischen Christus« sowohl begrifflich als auch inhaltlich an Steiner anknüpfte, lässt sich auf Grund starker Indizien annehmen. Diese Bezüge auf eine nicht-kirchlich geprägte kosmische Christologie erklären zum Teil die Probleme, mit denen sich Teilhard im kirchlichen Raum konfrontiert sah, und nicht zuletzt die Akzeptanz, die er gerade im esoterischen Raum fand.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS MARCADORES DE LESÃO MIOCÁRDICA SOLICITADOS EM HOSPITAL PAULISTA
Authors: Lima Olympia de Sousa , Vismari Luciana
Published: September 2014

A mensuração dos marcadores bioquímicos de necrose miocárdica é essencial para diagnosticar precocemente o Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio e garantir um melhor prognóstico ao paciente. No entanto, cada marcador possui um perfil, que deve se adequar às características do quadro clínico que está sendo avaliado. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar o perfil de solicitações de marcadores cardíacos séricos junto ao laboratório clínico do Hospital Heliópolis, e discutir as implicações de tais escolhas. Por meio da verificação dos mapas de resultados do laboratório, foi feito um levantamento dos marcadores bioquímicos de lesão miocárdica solicitados, em um período de três meses, de pacientes admitidos no pronto socorro com sintomas sugestivos de um evento cardíaco isquêmico. Do total de 2242 exames provenientes de 1084 pacientes, 47% eram para CK total, 43% para CK-MB e 10% para troponinas, não havendo solicitações de dosagem de mioglobina durante o período estudado. Do total de exames solicitados e alterados, a maioria referiu-se a pacientes do gênero masculino. O presente artigo sugere que no momento da admissão do paciente no serviço de emergência, haja a solicitação combinada da mioglobina e um marcador mais específico de necrose miocárdica (CK-MB) para a exclusão precoce de um infarto do miocárdio. Isto seria, além de eficaz para o diagnóstico, uma maneira mais viável financeiramente. Neste contexto, uma atenção especial deveria ser dada às mulheres atendidas com sintomas isquêmicos, tendo em vista a alta taxa de mortalidade a elas associada.
Generalizing figural patterns with students of 8 and 9 years old: an interpretation of the semiotic means of objectification mobilized
Authors: Lasprilla Herrera Adriana , Camelo Bustos Francisco Javier
Published: September 2014

Abstract:This paper reports the semiotic objectification means that arose among 7 and 8 year-old children from a school in Bogota D.C., Colombia ina math class, when they addressed a generalization task of figural patterns as a process of meaning production. The analysis was conductedaccording to the cultural theory of objectification (Radford, 2008), particularly the layers of generality and the semiotic means of objectificationdeveloped by the student it. Found that students in this study identified the semiotic means employed by Radford (2010) and were located ina layer of factual generality.
The forbidden fruit: using the mother tongue in a Bogota university EFL programme
Authors: Fortune Jill
Published: September 2014

The current debate on the use of the mother tongue in the foreign language classroom has led to a wide array of literature being written onthe subject. While this can be enlightening, it can also cause confusion and anxiety among teachers when faced with the question of whetheror not it is acceptable to use the L1 in class. This paper analyses current perceptions and practices in terms of L1 use among teachers andstudents in the EFL and ESL settings, based on the hypothesis that the use of the L1 to some degree could be beneficial to EFL learners.Teacher and student activity and opinions are analysed through surveys and interviews before being compared and contrasted with classroomreality through live observation. The findings confirm that L1 use could indeed be beneficial to EFL learners, particularly at the lower levels oflanguage proficiency, but that teachers may need to revisit their reasons for using the L1, as well as their repertoire of pro-L2-use strategies.
Non-native english speaking elementary ell teachers’ culturally responsive leadership profile in an ESL context
Authors: Ekiaka Nzai Valentin , Gómez, Patricia , Reyna Concepción , Jen Kang-Fan
Published: September 2014

Culturally responsive instruction has been suggested as quality education (Edwards, 2003) for minority students in subtractive and additivebilingualism settings. However, analytical curriculum development of several official English programs revealed that the gender-centric (malecentric)and Ethno-centric (Euro/Western-centric) approaches were deeply embedded in most English textbooks of curriculum development.The intent of partial mixed methods paper consisted of exploring some non-native English speaking teachers English teachers’ culturallyresponsive leadership profile in order to further the discussion on not only how to promote English curriculum transformation in English assecond language (ESL) and English as foreign language (EFL) settings, but also to effectively train culturally responsive non-native Englishspeaking (NNES) English pre-service teachers. Comparative data analysis suggested that there were no causal relationship between NNESEnglish teachers’ culturally responsive leadership styles and their abilities to perform multicultural transformation of English curriculums. To behighly effective in transforming English curriculum, NNES English teachers needed to be systematically trained on how to do so. Implicationsfor NNES English pre-service teacher education are framed from the culturally responsive and anti-oppressive education approaches.
The Role of Situational Context and Linguistic Context when Testing EFL Vocabulary Knowledgde in a Language Teacher Education Program: A Preliminary Approach
Authors: Franco Claudia Patricia , Galvis Hector Alejandro
Published: September 2014

This research aims to provide a preliminary approach on to what extent linguistic and situational contexts are conducive to successfulvocabulary recognition in discrete-item testing in the context of a language teacher education program in Bogotá. This study resorted to the useof four different types of vocabulary tests administered during a one-semester period to two different classes. The data collected revealed thatstudents had more success in a test of productive vocabulary (L2 to L1 translation) than in other types of tests, namely, productive vocabulary(L2 to L1 translation/multiple choice), L2 to L1 translation provided with linguistic context and cued situational context. The findings of thisresearch suggest that the participating pre-service teachers had not reached the basic vocabulary knowledge of the English Language at thetime of this study. It was also found that vocabulary items devoid of contextual cues are more accurately identified than those embedded withina linguistic context and a cued situational context.
English as an International Language: A Review of the Literature
Authors: García Raúl Enrique
Published: September 2014

This article critically reviews and discusses English as an International Language (EIL) as an alternative to the traditional models of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL). The author suggests that the model of EIL is an alternative worthdiscussing in the Colombian context. The article is divided into four different sections: a) EIL, ownership of English and native-speakerism, b) attitudes towards EIL, c) EIL described: What does it look like? and d) EIL and English teaching. The review of the literature evidences that there are still many heated debates on the sociocultural aspect of EIL, that one of the greatest challenges of EIL is the attitudes of English teachers and speakers towards the use and legitimization of non-standard varieties, that there is still much to be done in terms of the description of EIL and that adopting an EIL perspective would imply transforming the ways English is taught. The article concludes with an invitation to the ELT community to initiate the discussion of the potential application of EIL in the Colombian context.
A contrastive analysis of rhetorical patterns in English and Spanish expository journal writing: A study for contrastive rhetoricians, teachers of second language composition, and translators
Authors: Moreno Hilda
Published: September 2014

Sanchez-Escobar, A. (2012). A contrastive analysis of rhetorical patterns in English and Spanish expositoryjournal writing: A study for contrastive rhetoricians, teachers of second language composition, and translators(2nd ed.). Jaén, Spain: Lengua Española Aplicada a la Enseñanza.186 pages ISBN: 9781479382118
The Conceptualisation of Pro Bono in Singapore
Authors: Whalen-Bridge Helena
Published: September 2014

“Pro bono” is a familiar phrase in North American jurisdictions that generally refers to a lawyer’s provision of free legal services to indigent persons. The phrase “pro bono” has also come to imply a particular approach to a lawyer’s relationship to indigent persons, one that stresses the obligatory as opposed to the charitable nature of the services provided. To what extent has this phrase, and its conceptualisation of a lawyer’s role, been used in Asian jurisdictions? This article examines how one Asian jurisdiction, Singapore, conceptualises a lawyer’s relationship to indigent persons by examining newspaper usage of phrases describing legal services for indigent persons. The article argues that changes in usage over time, from free legal services and legal aid to inclusion of pro bono, coupled with increased discussions of access to justice, represent a shift to a more obligatory concept of indigent legal services. An obligatory conceptualisation potentially exerts greater pressure on lawyers to provide indigent legal services, but can also exert pressure to revise the historical lack of broad-based government funded criminal legal aid in Singapore.
Intensification of waste cooking oil transformation by transesterification and esterification reactions in oscillatory baffled and microstructured reactors for biodiesel production
Authors: Mazubert Alex , Aubin Joelle , Elgue Sébastien , Poux Martine
Published: September 2014

The transformation of waste cooking oils for fatty acid methyl ester production is investigated in two intensified technologies: microstructured Corning® and oscillatory baffled NiTech® reactors, compared to a reference batch reactor to quantify the process intensification provided by each technology. Both reactors achieve high conversions in shorter times. For transesterification, 96 wt.% of esters are obtained in 1.4 min at 97°C in the Corning® reactor and 92.1 wt.% of esters in 6 min at 44°C in the NiTech® reactor, compared with 94.8 wt.% of esters in 10 min at 60°C in the batch reactor. For esterification, 92% conversion is obtained in 2.5 min in the Corning® reactor at 75°C compared with 20–30 min in the batch reactor at 60°C, and at 40°C, 96.8% conversion is achieved in 13.3 min in the NiTech® reactor, compared with 30 min in the batch reactor. The advantage of the Corning® reactor is that it can operate at higher pressures (1–20 bar) and temperatures (100°C), thereby providing faster kinetics than the NiTech® reactor. However, oils with a high free fatty acid level (73%) cause the Corning® reactor channels to be blocked. A wider range of operating conditions could be obtained in NiTech® with a pressure-resistant material.
Experimental study on the mechanical behavior and microstructural assessment of Kevlar/epoxy composites at liquid nitrogen temperature
Authors: Sethi Sanghamitra , Ray Bankim Chandra
Published: September 2014

The present investigation emphasized the understanding of the mechanical behavior and progressive failure modes of Kevlar/epoxy-reinforced laminated composites subjected to a three-point bend test at liquid nitrogen (LN2) temperature (77 K). The tests were conducted on the woven fabric laminates with different loading speeds and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of LN2 temperature on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of Kevlar/epoxy composites with various loading speeds was observed. The results indicate that the values of ILSS were increased at higher crosshead speeds compared to ambient temperature. The fibrillation progression and matrix failure (riverline marking) was observed by SEM. A change in crosshead speed may result in the variation of failure modes.
Systematic position and taxonomy of Pipistrellus deserti (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Benda Petr , Andriollo Tommy , Ruedi Manuel
Published: September 2014

is a small, pale-coloured bat occurring in the most arid parts of the Sahara, in Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Egypt, and the Sudan, and marginally also in sub-Saharan Africa. Although most authors consider
A monoclinic polymorph of 2,6-Mes2 C6 H3 SiF3
Authors: Schröder Artem , Lork Enno , Beckmann Jens
Published: September 2014

Monoclinic 2,6-Mes
Synthesis and structure of diarylhalotelluronium hexahalotellurates [(8-Me2 NC10 H6)2 TeX]2 TeX6 (X=Cl, Br)
Authors: Bolsinger Jens , Beckmann Jens
Published: September 2014

The title compounds [(8-Me
The synthesis of styrene acrylate emulsion and its application in xerographic paper
Authors: Chen Yunzhi , Zheng Jin’an , Li Hu , Zhang Zheng Jian
Published: September 2014

During xerographic printing processes, the electric charge properties of the paper surface are essential to obtain effective toner transfer and high image quality. Surface and volume resistance are indispensable to the accumulation of the surface charge and different resistance values generate different electrical fields with optical drum, and have a significant effect on toner transfer efficiency. In this paper, surface sizing was investigated to improve the surface properties for better toner transfer and image quality. Styrene acrylate emulsion (SAE) latex was successfully synthesized and fully characterized with a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, a laser particle analyzer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that under the conditions of emulsifier dosage at 3 wt%, initiator concentration at 0.5 wt% and the reaction temperature at 80°C, the monomer conversion can reach 80%. The effects of various factors including initiator dosage, emulsifier dosage and monomer ratio on the sizing performance were studied. The effects of different ratios of SAE to starch on surface and volume resistance of paper were also systematically investigated. The differences in electric properties of various paper samples were quantified and their influence on paper-toner adhesion and print quality was clarified. Relationships between electrical properties of paper and paper-toner adhesion force, and thus print quality were established. Strategies to improve printing performance through effective control of paper electrical properties were also developed. It is concluded that the best printing quality and toner adhesion were achieved when the ratio of SAE to starch is between 1:10 and 2:10.
Designing, characterization, and thermal behavior of triazine-based dendrimers
Authors: Gajjar Dhaval G. , Patel Rinkesh M. , Patel Hema N. , Patel Pravinkumar M.
Published: September 2014

Different generations of dendritic architecture with piperazine in core moiety and hydroxyl groups on the periphery were designed by divergent method. 1,4-biz(4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)piperazine was synthesized as a core for dendrimer synthesis. Dendrimer was then grown to G3 from core compound using diethanolamine and cyanuric chloride as branching units. Dendrimer generations were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy [Fourier transform IR (FTIR)], 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and elemental analysis. The thermal behavior of both full- and half-generation dendrimers was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TGA study revealed that dendrimer generations had a moderate thermal stability. Chlorine-terminated half-generation dendrimers were thermally more stable than hydroxyl-terminated full-generation dendrimers. The DSC technique was employed to determine the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of dendrimer generations. It was observed that the glass transition temperatures of synthesized dendrimer generations were of low value, which is similar to the values reported for the polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer of the same generation. It was also observed that, with the increase in the molecular weight or generation number of dendrimer, the glass transition temperature was also increased.
IDENTIFICATION OF PARAMECIUM BURSARIA SYNGENS THROUGH MOLECULAR MARKERS – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE SUBUNIT I (COI)
Authors: Zagata Patrycja , Kopańska Marta , Greczek-Stachura Magdalena , Tarcz Sebastian , Rautian Maria
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study is an identification of Paramecium bursaria syngens originating from different geographical locations and proving the correlation between distributions and belonging to any of five syngens. Ten strains of Paramecium bursaria belonging to five different syngens and strain of Paramecium multimicronucleatum were investigated using molecular marker — mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). According to results, obtained in this study, using phylogenetic methods like Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML), relationship between analyzing strains through their clustering in clusters and correlation between strains belonging to any syngen and syngen’s distribution was confirmed. Phylograms constructed using NJ and ML methods revealed strains’ grouping in five clusters. Results which were obtained revealed usefulness of COI as a biomarker, which is important in identification of Paramecium bursaria syngens. This reports to a great potential of COI as a molecular marker and obtaining dependable results through combination of molecular methods with classical ones.
IN-VITRO BIOREDUCTION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM BY VIABLE WHOLE CELLS OF Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201
Authors: Dey Satarupa , Paul A.K.
Published: September 2014

A chromium resistant and reducing bacterium Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 was isolated from chromite mine overburden dumps of Orissa, India. Viable whole cells of this isolate was capable of completely reducing 100 µM Cr(VI) in chemically defined MS medium within 28 h of incubation under batch cultivation. Reduction of chromate increased with increased cell density and was maximum at a density of 1010 cells/ml, but the reduction potential of the suspended cells decreased with increase in Cr(VI) concentration in the medium. Chromate reducing efficiency was promoted when glycerol and glucose was used as electron donors, while the optimum pH and temperature of Cr(VI) reduction was found to be 7.0 and 35°C respectively. The reduction process was inhibited by divalent cations Ni, Co and Cd, but not by Cu and Fe. Similarly, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), N,N,-Di cyclohexyl carboiimide (DCC), sodium azide and sodium fluoride were inhibitory to chromate reduction, while in presence of 2,4 dinitrophenol (2,4 DNP) chromate reduction by SUK 1201 cells remained unaffected.
ROLE OF PLANTS FOUND IN NORTH EAST INDIA AND BANGLADESH IN CONTROLLING POPULATION GROWTH
Authors: Das Jhimly , Akther Hasina , Stawarz Robert , Dutta Choudhury Manabendra , Roychoudhury Shubhadeep
Published: September 2014

Being part of the Indian subcontinent both the North Eastern region of India and the Bangladesh share a long common cultural, economic and political history. One of the most critical problems of developing countries like India as well as Bangladesh is their enormous increase in human population. Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) of India is 48.3 and that of Bangladesh is 53.8. As the large majority of population of both the countries belong to rural area, the family planning programmes have largely remained unsuccessful because of many factors including lack of availability of contraceptive drugs in rural markets, lack of accessibility of rural people to medical personnel as well as the lack of acceptability of synthetic drugs due to various socio-cultural and religious perceptions prevailing among many ethnic communities. These contributed to a growing interest among researchers in developing contraceptives of natural origin and at present natural herbal contraception have become one of the major focuses of modern contraceptive research. Since time immemorial herbal drugs are being practiced by various rural communities and ethnic tribes in North East India as well as in Bangladesh, and hence the acceptability of herbal contraceptives is expected to be much higher among rural folk. In different parts of North East India and Bangladesh, ethnic communities are using plant based medicinal products till today. This study aims at highlighting the contraceptive property of some plants found in North-Eastern India as well as in Bangladesh.
La Escala de Identidad Etnica Multigrupo (EIEM) en el contexto costarricense 1
Authors: Smith-Castro Vanessa
Published: September 2014

El presente  artículo describe las propiedades psicométricas de  un instrumento  para la medición de  la identidad  étnica  y sus componentes en jóvenes  costarricenses: la “Escala  de Identidad Etnica Multigrupo” (EIEM) desarrollada por Phinney (1992). En el estudio participaron 287 jóvenes afrocostarricenses,  768 jóvenes “blancos” o mestizos y 120 jóvenes  de procedencia étnica mixta. Análisis factoriales confirmatorios demuestran que la escala mide dos componentes de la identidad étnica  altamente relacionados en  todos los grupos  estudiados: afirmación e identificación étnica y exploración étnica. Análisis de confiabilidad revelan índices de consistencia interna (Alfas de Cronbach) satisfactorios para todos los grupos. La escala muestra relaciones moderadas con  mediciones de orientaciones  hacia los colectivos de referencia y  conductas intergrupales como las actitudes hacia la aculturación y está positivamente  relacionada con índices de autoestima e identidad del yo.
Bosquejos de niñez y proyectos de vida en la novela de Dickens “David Copperfield”
Authors: Sanabria León Jorge
Published: September 2014

La interpretación de la novela de Charles Dickens David Copperfield se propone destacar las formas en que la literatura somete a debate bosquejos de subjetividad e interacción. El interés central es la asignación cultural de atributos individuales que derivan de esquemas predeterminados sobre valores personales y de formas de vida. A la construcción social del prejuicio se le brinda especial atención. El hilo del análisis lo lleva la interacción entre la figuras narrativas de David Copperfield y Urias Heep, pues conforman antípodas reflejo de antagonismos sociales. La configuración de contrastes entre las características de los personajes –los proyectos que encarnan y sus destinos– ofrece un campo para el estudio de las orientaciones para la acción en la vida cotidiana. Tal configuración prevé ordenamientos de la experiencia. Se hace énfasis en los elementos fundadores de una jerarquía de estilos y mundos de vida, que a su vez muestran cómo diferentes niveles simbólicos están comprometidos en la asignación de roles sociales y sus significados para un colectivo.
Análisis epistémico del modelo biológico para explicar el origen de la esquizofrenia
Authors: Bolaños Salvatierra Silvio
Published: September 2014

En este artículo se revisa el estado actual de los estudios que tratan de explicar genéticamente el comportamiento esquizofrénico. Entre éstos, se destacan dos tipos de investigaciones, las que tratan de correlacionar estadísticamente a algunos genes con la enfermedad y los meta-análisis de adopción que han generado el descubrimiento de la esquizotaxia, la cual consiste en una combinación de síntomas negativos y trastornos neuropsicológicos que afecta a todos los parientes del esquizofrénico. Se propone un modelo alternativo, que integra lamarquistamente los factores genéticos, para comprender dialécticamente la enfermedad. Se analizan los modelos de investigación del comportamiento desde una perspectiva epistemológica. Se reconocen los méritos biologistas: la resolución del dualismo mente-cuerpo y sus aportes para la disolución del problema salud-enfermedad. Se señalan sus limitaciones (oposición mente-ambiente y materia-información), las cuáles, se proponen también, como los retos que deberán enfrentar y superar las ciencias biológicas y sociales.
Genética de la esperanza
Authors: Bolaños Salvatierra Silvio
Published: September 2014

En este documento se rebaten críticas hechas por Raventós y Jensen al artículo “Genética y comportamiento”. Cuatro temas fueron seleccionados: 1) se determina que los antipsicóticos aparecieron veinte años después de la concepción hereditaria de la esquizofrenia; 2) se considera que la discusión es altamente pertinente, para nada bizantina o irrelevante, debido que persisten prácticas epistémicas riesgosas en los investigadores genético-conductuales; 3) aunque ninguna conducta humana está exenta de influencia constitucional, el enfoque biologicista se ha propasado al pretender explicar genéticamente casi todo, desconfirmando solapadamente la importancia de la historia personal; y, 4) se plantea que la investigación biológica sobrevalora el peso de las anomalías genéticas frente a la historia social, por lo que solo aparenta cautela. Se propone investigar genéticamente la esperanza con el objetivo de saturar a la humanidad con ese tipo de explicaciones, para alcanzar más rápido una convivencia basada en la tolerancia y el respeto.
Indicadores de enfermedades mentales en pacientes mexicanos con VIH/SIDA y su relación con la adherencia terapéutica
Authors: García-Cedillo Ismael , Alfaro-Castro Fabiola , Rodríguez-Delgado Mónica , Sánchez-Armáss Cappello Omar
Published: September 2014

Objetivo. Se analiza la relación entre algunos indicadores de enfermedades mentales y la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con VIH/SIDA. Participantes. Muestra de 76 pacientes mexicanos infectados por VIH/SIDA. Procedimiento. Entrevista a profundidad a pacientes de un hospital público de la ciudad de San Luis Potosí, México. Resultados. 80% de los participantes presentó indicadores de enfermedades mentales correspondientes a: 28% conducta antisocial; 20% depresión clínica; 13% síndrome de estrés postraumático, 12% psicosis orgánica y 8% discapacidad intelectual. El porcentaje de pacientes infectados con VIH/SIDA con indicadores de enfermedad mental concuerda con los resultados de investigaciones realizadas en otros países. Solamente 7% de los participantes mostró un nivel de adherencia apropiado. La adherencia no guarda una relación lineal con la presencia de indicadores de enfermedad mental. La adherencia se relaciona con la escolaridad, la utilización de estrategias para recordar la toma del medicamento, confiar el estatus a los familiares y apoyo familiar.
Dibujo infantil y comprensión escénica: análisis crítico hermenéutico desde un enfoque psicoanalítico
Authors: Sanabria León Jorge
Published: September 2014

El artículo indaga sobre el desarrollo de la capacidad para dibujar y las representaciones simbólicas prelingüísticas ante el advenimiento del lenguaje. Se examina cómo los y las infantes logran dibujar y hablar sobre experiencias de la vida cotidiana, al focalizarse en  detalles de los modelos interactivos en sus propias creaciones espontáneas. A partir de la teoría de la socialización y del desarrollo del símbolo de Lorenzer, este estudio reflexiona sobre la comprensión escénica que favorece la labor analítica. Asimismo, una combinación particularmente importante de habilidades emocionales, cognitivas y simbólicas está involucrada tanto en los procesos de la individuación como en la adquisición de referentes culturales. Por tanto, el análisis contrasta también investigaciones y críticas comparativas.
Efecto agudo de dos intensidades de tango (baja y moderada) sobre el estado de ánimo de adultos mayores/The acute effect of two intensities of tango (low and moderate) on mood states and perceived exertion in older adults
Authors: Sánchez Gutiérrez Ginette , Hernández Elizondo Jessenia , Moncada José
Published: September 2014

Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio cuasi experimental fue comparar el efecto agudo de dos intensidades de tango (baja y moderada) sobre el estado de ánimo y esfuerzo físico percibido en adultos mayores. Se conformaron dos grupos no aleatorizados, según la intensidad de la clase de tango, definida mediante equivalentes metabólicos (METS). En el grupo de baja intensidad participaron 22 adultos mayores, y en el de moderada intensidad 18 adultos mayores, quienes completaron el cuestionario de Perfil de Estados de Ánimo y la Escala de Esfuerzo Percibido de Borg antes y después de la clase de tango. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos como efecto de la intensidad de la clase en los cinco estados de ánimo medidos ni en el esfuerzo físico percibido. Hubo un aumento significativo para el estado de ánimo de tensión y en el esfuerzo percibido por efecto de las mediciones en el postest (p ≤ 0.001). La novedad y dificultad de la técnica de tango pudieron afectar el estado de ánimo de tensión en ambos grupos. El estado de ánimo de vigor se mantuvo en niveles altos aunque no aumentó de manera significativa. Se requieren estudios más rigurosos para conocer otros efectos fisiológicos, entre ellos la intensidad de esta actividad física, así como efectos psicológicos no estudiados aún en relación al tango.