bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of vitamin and mineral complexes in improving dental and physical health of adolescents
Authors: Timofeeva A A
Published: June 2016

Aim. To study the effect of vitamin and mineral complex intake on dental and physical health of adolescents.Methods. 64 adolescents aged 14 years were examined. The dental caries intensity, oral hygiene index, periodontal tissues state and oral local immunity, the salivary calcium content, the number of respiratory infections during the year were evaluated. All patients were trained in oral hygiene. The main group included 30 adolescents who were prescribed vitamin and mineral complex containing coenzyme Q10, coral calcium, green tea extract, vitamins C, D3, A, B6, B9, B3, 2 courses during the year. 34 patient of comparison group did not receive any medications.Results. It was found that adolescents, who were followed up, did not differ in clinical and immunological parameters before performing preventive measures. After 12 months, significant differences in oral hygiene, periodontal tissues state and all immunological parameters were registered between groups. Additionally, in saliva of children of the main group a significant increase in calcium content was revealed. An analysis of medical records data of adolescents showed that in the second group acute respiratory infections were registered 1.6 times less than in the comparison group. In addition, in the main group the number of missed school days due to the disease was 1.5 times less than in the group of children who did not receive vitamin and mineral complex.Conclusion. Vitamin and mineral complex intake contribute to the improvement of local immunity and oral hygiene, periodontal tissues status, increase in the salivary calcium level and has a favorable effect on the adolescents overall health.
The effect of fluoridated and iodized salt consumption by schoolchildren on acid solubility of permanent teeth enamel
Authors: Ahmedbeyli R M
Published: June 2016

Aim. To study the acid solubility of enamel based on calcium and phosphorus from the enamel surface layer to the acid biopsy and test of enamel resistance indicators in school-age children in the presence of biogeochemical fluoride and iodide deficiency, as well as the changes in these parameters amid the 3-year fluoridated and iodized salt consumption.Methods. Enamel solubility on calcium and phosphorus was evaluated based on calcium and phosphorus release from surface layer of permanent teeth enamel into acid biopsy. Test of enamel resistance was determined by V.R. Okushko method. The color intensity was assessed using standard 10-point blue color scale.Results.. The effect of 3-year consumption of fluoridated and iodized (300±50 mg/kg fluoride, 40±10 mg/kg iodide) salt on the acid solubility of permanent teeth enamel in 155 schoolchildren, born and living in conditions of biogeochemical deficiency of fluoride (fluoride content in water 0.02-0.08 mg/l) and iodide (iodide content in water 3.38±5.07 g/l) was studied. Consumption of fluoridated and iodized salt during 36 months contributed to the maximal calcium and phosphorus release from the enamel surface layer to acid biopsy during the study period. At the end of the follow-up period in the main group of schoolchildren in relation to the control group, the calcium release from the enamel surface layer to acid biopsy was higher by 131.3%, phosphorus - by 114.5%.Conclusion. The presence of fluoridated and iodized salt in the children diet leads to a decrease in the solubility of permanent teeth enamel and, consequently, to increase in resistance to acids.
Spectrum of produced GAG gene viral proteins in lymphocytes infected HIV-1 NL4-3 strains in vitro
Authors: Koksin V P , Mustafin I G , Boichuk S V
Published: June 2016

Aim. To study spectrum of viral proteins secreted into the culture medium by the healthy donor peripheral blood lymphocytes infected by HIV-1 NL4-3 strain in vitro.Methods. We used a primary lymphocytes culture obtained from healthy donors. For synchronous infection of primary lymphocytes culture in vitro NL4-3 strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (NIH AIDS Research & Reference Reagents Program, USA) was used. The HIV-1 titer in the supernatants was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA p24gag Coulter). In addition, electrophoresis of clarified culture medium proteins in 12.5% polyacrylamide gel under denaturing conditions followed by electron transport onto a nitrocellulose membrane; immunoblotting for detection of virus-specific proteins using positive control serum to HIV-1 («Bio-Rad») were performed; protein markers kits LMW 94-14.4 kD, HMW 212-53 kD («Pharmacia Biotech») were used to determine the seroactive fractions molecular weight.Results.. HIV antigens spectrum in the culture medium was studied on the 4th, 9th and 13th days after lymphocyte culture infection with HIV. Within 13 days of virus reproduction both non-structural and structural proteins of HIV-1 gag gene are detected in the culture medium, spectrum and quantitative range of which varies with time. After 4 hours of HIV reproduction in primary lymphocytes culture in vitro large number of gag gene nonstructural proteins (p40, p55) are exported from cells into culture medium. Further, gag gene non-structural proteins may be cleaved into the structural proteins (p24/25, R18) under the cellular proteases action, which is caused by the proteolytic enzymes accumulation in the culture medium.Conclusion. In HIV reproduction in primary lymphocytes cultures soluble forms of the HIV-1 gag gene proteins are secreted into culture medium; in the initial stages of the infection HIV proteins spectrum in the culture medium of lymphocytes activated with phytohemagglutinin in vitro consists of only the HIV-1 precursor proteins (p55, p40) and at a later stages - also of the gag gene viral capsid proteins (p24/25, R18).
Combination of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: features of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, pharmacotherapy
Authors: Uryasev O M , Faletrova S V , Korshunova L V
Published: June 2016

Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are the most common obstructive diseases of the respiratory system. 230 million people suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, from bronchial asthma - 300 million people worldwide. Annually 200-300 people in Europe and 2.74 million of world population die from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, from asthma - 250 thousand people a year. The social and economic significance of these diseases determine the need for in-depth study of their combination in the same patient. Each disease has its own phenotypes, but in 10-20% of patients, there are symptoms of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. In spite of clear diagnostic criteria, in some cases it is difficult to distinguish these diseases. Morphological basis of these diseases is a chronic inflammation in the bronchial tree that causes damage to the epithelial continuity that initiates bronchoconstrictive reaction and leads to irreversible airway obstruction attributable for both severe bronchial obstruction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the treatment strategy of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has significant differences, it is important to have a clear diagnostic criteria to distinguish different phenotypes, including those of combined phenotype of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Rational starting therapy of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome includes drugs acting on the pathogenic mechanisms of both diseases, and is a combination of inhaled corticosteroids with combined bronchodilator therapy - long-acting β2-agonists and long-acting anticholinergics.
Scrotal and penile epidermoid cysts
Authors: Prokhorov A V
Published: June 2016

In the present literature review, modern view on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of scrotal and penile epidermoid cysts is described. Such cysts are rare, refer to benign cystic tumors with slow growth and low malignant potential. Epidermoid cysts develop in different races representatives, mostly in the age range of 30-40 years. Causes of epidermoid cysts remain unclear. Their relationship with different chromosomal aberrations, vulgar acne, post-pubertal age hyperandrogenism, human papillomavirus infection, excessive sun exposure, external genital organs injury are discussed. Epidermoid cysts histogenesis is not completely understood. Preference is given to disembriogenetic theory of the cysts origin. Epidermoid cysts have a characteristic clinical and ultrasound picture, and in the absence of complications have latent and favorable course. Epidermoid cysts diagnosis usually is not difficult and based on cysts characteristic visual picture. In controversial cases, epidermoid cysts must be differentiated from the inguinal-scrotal hernia, lipoma, hematoma, primary malignant or metastatic tumors of the genital organs. In these cases, high resolution ultrasound examination and high-field magnetic resonance imaging are used. Epidermoid cysts complications occur rare. Among them, cases of cysts traumatic rupture with the scrotal hematoma and infection development are the most frequent. Isolated cases of epidermoid cysts blastomatous transformation in various types of skin cancer, T-cell lymphoma, carcinoid tumor, melanoma in situ are described. As the treatment of epidermoid cysts active follow-up in uncomplicated cysts, medication and surgical treatment are offered. Medication treatment is used for inflamed cysts. Surgical treatment is absolutely indicated for abscess formation and suspected malignancy in epidermoid cyst. The prognosis for epidermoid cysts surgical treatment is generally favorable. Cases of epidermoid cyst recurrence in case of their total excision were not observed.
Riboflavin use as photoprotector in laser corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Sultanova A I
Published: June 2016

The works of different authors on the role of riboflavin in the oxidative stress suppression in tissues and organs were analyzed. Experimental and clinical studies showed that the riboflavin (vitamin B2) has antioxidant properties and acts as a coenzyme for redox enzymes affecting the glutathione reduction. Russian scientists studies established a significant negative linear correlation between the level of malondialdehyde in blood serum and riboflavin consumption. Several studies showed that riboflavin deficiency affects the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including glucose peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, which leads to a reduction in tissue cells antioxidant potential. The riboflavin feasibility in laser refractive surgery is due to the development of oxidative stress in the cornea in response to the intervention and the need for its correction. In photorefractive corneal surgery, it is worsened by secondary ablation induced by ultraviolet radiation. Works of the last few years show that the oxidative effect of the radiation is attenuated when performing the excimer laser refractive ablation after presaturation of the stroma with riboflavin solution. Experimental studies showed that both drip and aerosol corneal saturation with 0.25% isotonic riboflavin solution does not affect the accuracy of excimer laser ablation of the corneal stroma. In the clinic, performing transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy with riboflavin photoprotection for myopia with astigmatism of varying degrees and without astigmatism minimized corneal syndrome, sterile inflammatory response. It accelerated epithelialization and was accompanied by early optometric indicators stabilization, which confirmed the feasibility of riboflavin use as photoprotector in laser corneal refractive surgery.
Heart rate variability in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical parallels
Authors: Gazizianova V M , Bulashova O V , Khazova E V , Nasybullina A A , Malkova M I
Published: June 2016

Diseases comorbidity issues are of concern of many researchers, in recent decades, there are attempts to understand the hierarchy of diseases cause-and-effect relationships. Integrative approach to the patient’s condition assessment, whose comorbidity index increases with aging, is of great practical importance, since it allows the practitioner to choose the best drug therapy strategy and to objectively assess the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Cardiovascular diseases, including those associated with bronchopulmonary system diseases, occupy leading position in mortality rate. One of the most common combinations in clinical practice is a combination of heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Their pathogenetic relationship may be due to common for diseases neurohumoral imbalance. The review presents data on the prevalence and mortality of patients with congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, describes the importance of autonomic nervous system dysfunction assessment in cardiovascular and bronchopulmonary diseases combination. Data on the heart rate variability assessment informativeness from the perspective of the clinical characteristics determination relevance and prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are presented. The main assessed time-domain and spectral parameters are narrated. The results of the heart rate variability parameters study in multicenter clinical trials in patients groups with heart failure and bronchopulmonary obstruction, which define the clinical and prognostic predictors among the heart rate variability parameters, are presented. In general, information on heart rate variability in congestive heart failure in comorbidity with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is scantily presented in the available literature.
Fatal case with fish bone: syncope causes and deontological aspects of patient management
Authors: Oslopov V N , Oslopova Yu V , Bogoyavlenskaya O V , Ganeeva K I
Published: June 2016

A clinical case of a patient G., 30 years old, who choked on a fish bone on the last day of being in prison, is described. The prison doctor and then the local doctor did not conduct special investigations and esophagus damage by the fish bone was virtually dismissed. Then, the patient presented with fever (39 °C) and chills. Diagnosis of «influenza» was made. A few days later, tonic-clonic seizures with loss of consciousness appeared. Diagnosis of «Epilepsy?» was made. The patient was admitted to the therapeutic hospital via ambulance on the 7th day of the disease. In 60 minutes after admission the patient died of profuse arterial esophageal bleeding. At autopsy there was purulent lesion of the thoracic esophagus posterior wall, purulent mediastinitis, purulent fusion of the anterior wall of the aorta, aortoesophageal fistula. Tonic-clonic seizures with the syncope development in a patient G. emerged as a manifestation of the condition such as the Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome due to hemodynamically induced cerebral ischemia, which occurred because of the blood leakage from the aorta into the esophagus through the festering aortoesophageal fistula. Fatal case could be avoided, when following deontological principles of treating and the presence of doctors’ professionalism.
Method to increase sensitivity and specificity of computer-aided detection system for mammographic images in dense breast parenchyma
Authors: Pasynkov D V , Kliouchkine I V , Busygina O V
Published: June 2016

Aim. To search ways to increase the diagnostic value of computer-aided detection of pathological lesions for mammography based on the principle of comparing the images of contralateral breasts.Methods. Analysis of the diagnostic value of computer-aided detection of pathological lesions for mammography MammCheck 1.15 of our own design, which included asymmetric regions and the brightness transformation search algorithms, was performed. To test this system standard digital mammograms in craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique views of 117 patients with morphologically verified breast cancer (visualized as focal lesions with or without microcalcifications) and 114 patients who did not have malignant tumors, which was confirmed by the results of a 3-year follow-up, were used. All mammograms had a density 3-4 (C-D) according to the ACR classification. In 23 of the 117 patients, visualized changes corresponded to breast cancer were blur or generally not visible with unaided eye on standard mammograms.Results.Method overall sensitivity was 80.3%, false positive rate - 13.2%. Sensitivity in identifying lesions with microcalcifications was higher (100%) compared to the lesions without microcalcifications (78.1%, pConclusion. The breast parenchyma density remains a problem for the computer-aided detection of pathological lesions in cancer diagnosis, especially when not accompanied by the microcalcifications, however, these systems can detect malignant lesions, which are invisible or barely visible in the standard study, and therefore their use is advisable as an option for a second or third mammograms reading.
Using axillary region myoplasty with the pectoralis minor muscle flap for seroma prevention after radical mastectomy
Authors: Ismagilov A Kh , Shakirova G I
Published: June 2016

Aim. To assess clinical effectiveness of axillary region myoplasty using pectoralis minor muscle flap as an achievable and easy in technical performance method for seroma prevention after radical mastectomy.Methods. 545 patients aged 45 to 65 years (mean age 42.34±0.62 years) with stage I-II breast cancer, who were followed up from 2006 to 2014, were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: the main group included 256 women who underwent Patey’s mastectomy combined with axillary region myoplasty using pectoralis minor muscle flap (using the method developed by the authors in 2005-2006, and patented in 2010) and the control group consisted of 289 patients with Patey’s mastectomy.Results.The total seroma volume for 14 days in patients of the main group was 76.3% less than that in patients without myoplasty (pConclusion. Axillary region myoplasty with pectoralis minor muscle is an effective method of prevention, leading to a decrease in the seromas volume and duration in the postoperative period, as well as hospitalization period reduction.
Temporary transvenous endocardial pacing: method of endocardial electrode reposition in the right ventricular cavity of the heart
Authors: Osmolovsky A N
Published: June 2016

Aim. To justify and develop method of endocardial electrode reposition in the right ventricular cavity of the heart in the spontaneous termination of temporary pacing in patients with recurrent myocardial infarction.Methods. A method of endocardial electrode reposition was used in 23 patients with myocardial infarction complicated by acute bradyarrhythmias. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients, and in the absence of contact with the patient, decision to insert temporary artificial pacemaker was made by medical consultation.Results. A method of endocardial electrode reposition that provides threading the electrode from the venous bed to the right ventricular cavity of the heart, cardiac stimulation by electrical impulses and creation the new contacts between electrode and right ventricular endocardium of the heart using the same electrode, both in the presence and in absence of the heart conduction and excitation function, was developed. At the same time, it excludes the electrode dislocation from the right ventricular cavity of the heart, provides the electrode fixation with endocardium, and at the same time allows to impose a stable artificial heart rhythm in the shortest time. During the spontaneous termination of the effective artificial pacemaker, endocardial electrodes reposition enabled to promptly regain the heart rhythm control in all 23 patients with acute bradyarrhythmia of infarction genesis.Conclusion. Effective and safe method of endocardial electrode reposition in the right ventricular cavity of the heart in the spontaneous termination of temporary pacing in patients with recurrent myocardial infarction was developed and introduced into clinical practice.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes – The Epigenetic Model for Drug Development?
Authors: Montalban-Bravo Guillermo ,   Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, Texas, US, Garcia-Manero Guillermo ,   Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, Texas, US
Published: June 2016

Application of sequencing technology has advanced our understanding of the molecular landscape of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Recurrent driver mutations in genes implicated in epigenetic regulation, and functional modelling of the disease has proven the importance of epigenetic dysregulation in MDS pathogenesis. Although available therapies such as azacitidine and decitabine are thought to exert their effect by epigenetic modulation, deep understanding of disease biology and development of specific epigenetically targeted therapies is still an area under active research. In this editorial we will focus on the molecular basis of MDS with particular focus on epigenetic dysregulation and new agents under development targeting this group of biological processes.
To Hyperfractionate or not to Hyperfractionate – Is it Really a Question?
Authors: Eriksen Jesper Grau ,   Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, Merlano Marco C ,   Department of Medical Oncology, S Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
Published: June 2016

Despite technical advances the last decade, patients with HPV/p16 negative head and neck cancer (being smokers and having affected performance and co-morbidities), still have a poor outcome after treatment. Hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin might be a reasonable way to pursue for improving their outcome. This strategy requires that adequate supportive care is available.
Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer – Current Evidence and Next Steps
Authors: Oaknin Ana ,   Medical Oncology Department, Gynecologic Oncology Cancer Division, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d’Hebron Insitute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain, Rodriguez-Freixinos Victor ,   Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
Published: June 2016

Despite the introduction of screening and, latterly, vaccination programmes in the developed world, cervical cancer remains a significant global health problem. For those diagnosed with advanced or recurrent disease, even within resource-rich communities, prognosis remains poor with an overall survival (OS) of just over 12 months. New therapeutic interventions are urgently required. Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tumour growth and the downstream effects of human papilloma virus infection identified angiogenesis as a rational target for therapeutic intervention in cervical cancer. Anti-angiogenic agents showed promising activity in early-phase clinical trials culminating in a randomised phase III study of the humanised monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, in combination with chemotherapy. This pivotal study, the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) protocol 240, met its primary endpoint, demonstrating a significant improvement in OS. Bevacizumab became the first targeted agent to be granted regulatory approval by the US Food and Drug Administration for use alongside chemotherapy in adults with persistent, recurrent or metastatic carcinoma of the cervix. This review outlines the rationale for targeting angiogenesis in cervical cancer focusing on the current indications for the use of bevacizumab in this disease and future directions.
Therapeutic Place of Fulvestrant in the Management of Hormone-receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Belagali Yogesh R ,   Department of Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, India, Barkate Hanmant V ,   Department of Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, India, Sejpal Jaykumar J ,   Department of Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, India, Parekh Bhavesh B ,   HCG Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
Published: June 2016

Fulvestrant is an oestrogen-receptor antagonist that exerts selective oestrogen receptor downregulation, antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis. It is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal women with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer for disease relapse or progression on or after adjuvant anti-oestrogen therapy. Fulvestrant was initially approved at a dose of 250 mg, however, the results of the CONFIRM trial led to approval of 500 mg dose (i.e. 500 mg on days 0, 14 and 28, then 500 mg every 28 days). Fulvestrant has also shown superiority over anastrozole as first-line therapy in the phase II trial. There are contrasting data for its efficacy when used in combination with anastrozole. It is well tolerated, with no significant difference with respect to the toxicity profile of other hormonal therapies. Treatment with fulvestrant is not associated with any clinically significant effects on sex hormone levels, bone-specific turnover markers or endometrial thickening. Fulvestrant has been recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the European School of Oncology guidelines as a treatment option in first- and second-line management of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer.
Libertad de conciencia y convivencia en pareja
Authors: Llamazares Fernández Dionisio
Published: June 2016

Uno de los mayores actos de realización personal es aquel por el que la persona «dispone» de sí misma, entregando a otro su propio poder de decisión, sin que ello suponga una «enajenación» y una desrealización como «libertad», porque encuentra en el otro miembro de la pareja una respuesta similar. Por tanto, puede afirmarse que el derecho a convivir en pareja es un derecho constitucionalmente protegido en cuanto contenido esencial de la dignidad de la persona misma y de su derecho al libre desarrollo de la personalidad (artículo 10.1 CE), aunque sean legítimas las diferencias de trato en la medida en que las uniones no sean realidades equivalentes.

Individual right to live together it’s an essential part of individual dignity and free development of personality. All kinds of relationships deserve to be treated equally, unless these relations don’t be equivalents realities.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT IN THE POLISH SUPREME LAW -- A QUEIXA CONSTITUCIONAL NA LEI FUNDAMENTAL DA POLÔNIA
Authors: Szmulik Bogumil , Poglodek Andrzej
Published: June 2016

Abstract: The article presents the institution of the constitutional complaint in the 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland. For the first time in the history of Polish constitutionalism the current supreme law made it possible for the citizens to directly appeal to the Constitutional Tribunal in order to protect their laws and liberties guaranteed by the supreme law. The article describes the origin of the institution of the constitutional complaint in Europe and in Poland. The main focus, though, is on the extended analysis of the scope and coverage of the constitutional complaint, together with the conditions set by the legislators that must be met for the complaint to be filed. The paper is concluded with the observations on the constitutional regulations and the practice of their applications in the work of the Constitutional Tribunal.Keywords: Constitutional Complaint. Constitutional Tribunal. Human Rights. Constitution Poland.
DIRETRIZES PARA AUTORES
Authors: Diersmann Admin Débora
Published: June 2016

Diretrizes para Autores
FOLHA DE ROSTO
Authors: Diersmann Admin Débora
Published: June 2016

Folha de Rosto
ALIMENTAÇÃO ADEQUADA NO BRASIL: ATIVO ECONÔMICO OU DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL SOCIAL? -- THE ADEQUATE FOOD IN BRASIL: IS IT ECONOMIC ASSET OR SOCIAL FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT?
Authors: Ribeiro Pereira Nunes Cláudia
Published: June 2016

Resumo: Diante do impasse causado pelo comportamento do homem, a História, a Sociologia, a Antropologia e o Direito passaram a estudar os impactos das práticas humanas no âmbito social, econômico, ambiental, entre outros. No contexto da pós modernidade,  os direitos fundamentais, ano a ano, desenvolvem-se nas interseções das disciplinas antes aludidas e o direito. Dentro desse contexto, com este estudo, tem-se o objetivo geral de analisar os rumos da institucionalização do direito humano à alimentação adequada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro como categoria dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais, em contraposição ao seu estudo na qualidade de commodities. Os objetivos específicos são: delinear resumidamente as características gerais dos Direitos Fundamentais e apresentar algumas notas sobre o tema, corroborar com a reflexão sobre os alimentos no seu duplo aspecto (direito e instrumento econômico) e identificar como ocorreu a evolução do direito à alimentação adequada como categoria de Direito Fundamental Social. A metodologia empregada para atingir os objetivos pretendidos na pesquisa é o “estado da arte”; para isso se empregam duas abordagens: teórica e dados secundários.Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar. Dignidade da pessoa humana. Ativo econômico. Globalização.
DE BOWERS A WINDSOR: O LONGO TRAJETO CONSTITUCIONAL DA LIBERDADE AO ENCONTRO COM A IGUALDADE E A DIFERENÇA -- FROM BOWERS TO WINDSOR: THE LONG CONSTITUTIONAL PATH OF FREEDOM TO FIND THE EQUALITY AND DIFFERENCE
Authors: Salcedo Repolês Maria Fernanda , De Castilho Prates Francisco
Published: June 2016

Resumo: Neste artigo lida-se com uma das mais importantes questões do pensamento constitucional: o relacionamento entre a denominada regra da maioria e os direitos das minorias. Nele, procura-se demonstrar a importância da noção de não discriminação para o crescente reconhecimento de direitos à comunidade homossexual pela Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos da América, em que o sentido constitucional de igualdade e liberdade tem, paulatinamente e em meio a muitas disputas, confluído com o “direito à diferença”. Além disso, busca-se mostrar que a maioria da Suprema Corte tem procurado decidir os casos sem recorrer a posturas “moralistas” que partam, explicitamente, “desta ou daquela” visão de mundo, trabalhando as pretensões como temas de direito, não de preferência axiológica ou ética. Finalmente, faz-se necessário dizer que a abordagem empregada neste trabalho parte da perspectiva histórica e comparativa (método diacrônico), pois esta abre a possibilidade de se questionarem decisões passadas da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos, realizando uma conversa entre gerações. Palavras-chave: Discriminação. Liberdade. Igualdade. Diferença.
A AUTONOMIA DECISÓRIA E OS BENEFÍCIOS DA CLONAGEM TERAPÊUTICA COM CÉLULAS-TRONCO EMBRIONÁRIAS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO – ADI N. 3.150 -- DECISIONAL AUTONOMY AND THE BENEFITS OF THE THERAPEUTIC CLONING WITH EMBRYONIC STEM CELL: A CASE STUDY – ADI N. 3.150
Authors: Reckziegel Janaína , Sobrado de Freitas Riva
Published: June 2016

Resumo: No presente trabalho procurou-se demonstrar a importância da Autonomia Privada Decisória e do Direito ao Próprio Corpo em uma perspectiva de poder fazer uso, em benefício próprio, das atividades relacionadas à utilização das células-tronco embrionárias, sob o prisma do ordenamento jurídico. Também é objetivo neste trabalho analisar o debate acerca da (in)constitucionalidade das pesquisas com células-tronco embrionárias no Brasil, verificando os principais argumentos que nortearam a decisão proferida pelo STF no julgamento da ADI n. 3.510, que questionou a constitucionalidade do artigo 5º da Lei de Biossegurança. As células-tronco embrionárias são capazes de regenerar inúmeros tecidos do corpo humano, sendo, assim, capazes de curar inúmeras doenças até então sem solução médica, como a paralisia espinhal, o Mal de Parkinson, o Mal de Alzheimer e outras. Para tais pesquisas, faz-se necessária a destruição do embrião a fim de se extrairem essas células, pois se localizam em seu núcleo. Assim, surge a tese sobre a possível licitude da Autonomia Privada Decisória diante da utilização de embriões humanos em pesquisas científicas, considerando-se que o embrião criado em laboratório tem vida e buscando-se estabelecer quando realmente a vida se inicia, bem como sua adequação ao princípio constitucional da dignidade humana. Este estudo propiciou entender mais sobre o tema abordado, identificando como o direito age quando deparado com determinadas situações como essa, abordando os benefícios que essas pesquisas podem trazer em prol da humanidade.Palavras-chave: Autonomia decisória. Células-tronco. Clonagem terapêutica. Direitos humanos fundamentais
Przekształcenia własnościowe i funkcjonalne nieruchomości dworskich i pałacowych w powiecie sieradzkim w latach 1945–2006
Authors: Kubiak Alina
Published: June 2016

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie przemian struktury własnościowej i funkcjonalnej założeń dworskich i pałacowych zlokalizowanych na terenie powiatu sieradzkiego. Na potrzeby pracy przyjęto, iż badaniem objęty zostanie powiat sieradzki wraz z 35 miejscowościami, w których zlokalizowane są dwory i pałace. Badania w mikroskali umożliwiają dokładniejszą analizę danego zagadnienia, pozwalają na zebranie szczegółowych i kompletnych danych zarówno obiektywnych (karta inwentaryzacyjna), jak i subiektywnych (ocena stanu technicznego).
Zadaniem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na wartość dworów i pałaców znajdujących się w obrębie powiatu sieradzkiego, gdyż niewłaściwe ich użytkowanie spowodowało ogromne straty dla dziedzictwa kulturowego regionu. Brakuje nie tylko w powiecie sieradzkim, ale i w całej Polsce świadomości o wartości krajobrazu kulturowego i potrzebie jego utrzymania. Brakuje również środków finansowych na ich utrzymanie, właściwych przepisów prawnych oraz respektowania już istniejących. W obliczu zachodzących przemian funkcjonalnych, niech będzie również ostrzeżeniem przed zagrożeniami i apelem o podjęcie wszystkich możliwych działań ochronnych, dopóki jest jeszcze co chronić.
Śladami bursztynowego górnictwa w województwie pomorskim
Authors: Małka Anna
Published: June 2016

W artykule przedstawiono na podstawie analizy archiwalnych materiałów kartograficznych oraz literatury polsko- i niemieckojęzycznej z okresu XVI–XXI wieku rozmieszczenie dawnych kopalni bursztynu w województwie pomorskim. Rejestr dawnych wyrobisk opracowano w oparciu o technologię GIS. W efekcie wyznaczono 32 nieznane do tej pory historyczne miejsca wydobywania bursztynu. Na podstawie badania źródeł kartograficznych: XIX i XX-wiecznych pruskich map topograficznych w skali 1:25 000 (Urmesstischblätter, Messtischblätter) i arkuszy mapy geologicznej Prowincji Prusy w skali 1:100 000 (Geologische Karte der Provinz Preußen) uszczegółowiono lokalizację 11 historycznych stanowisk górniczych. W wielu przypadkach z jednym miejscem skojarzonych było więcej kopalni bursztynu. W rezultacie badanie archiwalnych pruskich map topograficznych umożliwiło dokładną lokalizację 35 dawnych kopalni bursztynu. Dodatkowo XIX-wieczne pruskie mapy geologiczne w skali 1:100 000 wizualizują lokalizację 9 kopalni. Analiza materiałów historycznych i przeprowadzone w terenie rozpoznanie wskazuje na relikty dawnego górnictwa bursztynowego szczególnie cenne z punktu widzenia dziedzictwa kulturowego, mało znane, a przy tym dobrze zachowane w terenie. Kompleksy te po zagospodarowaniu mogą stanowić wybitnie cenne zasoby geoturystyczne województwa pomorskiego.
Odtworzenie przebiegu linii okopów z II wojny światowej (OKH Stellung b1) w Paśmie Jałowieckim i Grupie Mędralowej na podstawie numerycznego modelu terenu z danych LiDAR i badań terenowych
Authors: Franczak Paweł , Jucha Witold
Published: June 2016

Artykuł prezentuje możliwość wykorzystania modeli terenu pochodzących z danych LiDAR do odtworzenia elementów historycznych fortyfikacji polowych. Podczas badań odtworzono przebieg linii okopów pochodzących z II wojny światowej na obszarze Pasma Jałowieckiego i Grupy Mędralowej. W celu weryfikacji dokładności danych pozyskanych z LiDAR i identyfikacji form punktowych oprócz interpretacji modelu przeprowadzono kartowanie terenowe z użyciem GPS. Zaprezentowana w artykule metoda badań pozwala na zidentyfikowanie linii okopów rozmieszczonych na rozległym, często trudno dostępnym obszarze, przez co wskazana jest do stosowania podczas prowadzonych badań na obszarze Karpat.
Wykorzystanie numerycznych modeli terenu w badaniach zmian środowiska geograficznego miasta Mysłowice
Authors: Manowska Małgorzata , Szuba Maciej
Published: June 2016

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest wykazanie przydatności metod analizy w oprogramowaniu GIS, w szeroko pojętych badaniach nad zmianami środowiska geograficznego miasta Mysłowice. Środowisko geograficzne tworzą elementy przyrodnicze oraz antropogeniczne, przedstawiane na mapach od stuleci. Przyjęta metoda badawcza wykazała bardzo duże możliwości zastosowania oprogramowania GIS do przeanalizowania zmian zachodzących na terenie miasta Mysłowice w latach 1883–1993. W tym celu wygenerowano dwa numeryczne modele terenu (NMT), przez zwektoryzowanie izohips oraz punktów wysokościowych. Pierwszy model wygenerowano na bazie starych niemieckich map topograficznych Messtischblatt w skali 1:25 000 z lat 1883–1942. Drugi model powstał z map topograficznych Polski w skali 1:10 000 z roku 1993. Wszystkie wyżej wymienione mapy zostały skalibrowane (zarejestrowane) do wspólnego układu współrzędnych Polska 1992. Wygenerowanie różnowiekowych NMT dało także możliwość śledzenia zmiany morfologii na wybranych liniach przekrojów. Mysłowice są miastem Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego, w którym aktywność eksploatacyjna trwa już od ponad dwustu lat. Jednak ze względu na problem dostępności map, praca pokazuje jedynie 110-letnie skutki eksploatacji. Przydatność metody potwierdziła się w precyzyjnym określaniu rejonów miasta najmocniej dotkniętych skutkami eksploatacji górniczej, co zweryfikowano w terenie. Skutki podziemnej działalności górniczej są zatarte przez ślady eksploatacji powierzchniowej w kilku dużych kamieniołomach, jednak przy dokładnej analizie można je od siebie odróżnić. Dzięki oprogramowaniu GIS i precyzyjnej kalibracji starych map możliwym stanie się prześledzenie zmian zachodzących w elementach środowiska geograficznego, takich jak rzeki, zbiorniki wodne, drogi, rozwój zabudowy, zalesienie. Ponadto oprogramowanie umożliwi dokładną lokalizację niektórych nieistniejących już elementów środowiska, w tym starych wyrobisk surowców piasku, gliny i wapieni oraz śladów po dawnych hutach żelaza.
The development and use of characterisation-based approaches to manage historic landscapes
Authors: May Daniel E.
Published: June 2016

The anthropogenic effect on the landscape is a well known phenomenon. This effect not only can be identified from archaeological remains, but also from old and modern maps showing changes in the landscape character in terms of historical attributes and remains. In order to study and manage the historical dimension of these changes, characterisation-based approaches have been developed. This article describes the main characteristics and principles of these approaches and their possible evolution in the future. The article also shows some applications that have been made in England with the purpose of illustrating the potential of characterisation-based approaches to manage historic landscapes in other countries.
Oil Resource Curse Syndrome: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: SA’AD Suleiman , YAU Muhammed Hamisu
Published: June 2016

The paper investigates the natural resource curse hypotheses in oil – rich Nigeria. The study used time series data on real GDP, contribution of oil rents, contribution of agriculture and manufacturing in real GDP as well as exchange rates and FDI. The VAR models are employed to estimate the relationships, the result of the study is consistent with previous studies for Nigeria. However, empirical evidence suggests that   the was an elements of  Dutch disease syndrome in the Nigerian economy during the last four decades which can be attributed to  internal factors such as policy failure and corruption rather than the happenings in the international oil markets.  We conclude that surge in oil revenues led to distortions in growth path of the Nigerian economy, before the discovery of oil, Nigeria was at par with some middle income OECD and high income developing countries, but four decades after the discovery of oil, Nigeria was pushed back behind all those countries; therefore, the study did not out rightly conclude that oil did contribute positively to growth of Nigerian economy, but it distorted the workings of the economy by encouraging non-coherent policies and unsustainable spending  as well as large scale corruption and struggle for oil rents among the political class which cast a big question as to whether oil is a blessing or a curse in Nigeria. 
Obstáculos para expansão do uso dos e-books na sociedade brasileira
Authors: Martins Robson Dias
Published: June 2016

As bibliotecas universitárias participam da transformação nos processos de gestão da informação impulsionados pelos avanços tecnológicos. As mudanças na forma de produzir, comercializar, acessar e difundir o conhecimento humano provoca nas bibliotecas a necessidade de se adaptarem as mutações do mercado editorial. Nesse contexto, surgem obstáculos para o gerenciamento dos livros digitais. O presente estudo enfoca os problemas enfrentados pelas unidades de informação na seleção, aquisição, gestão e formação de acervos dos e-books. Considerando que os recursos digitais compreendem uma gama de questões especificas que necessitam de estudos para proporcionar facilidades na aquisição, gerenciamento, difusão e acesso. Esta pesquisa objetiva apresentar um diagnóstico dos obstáculos enfrentados para expansão do uso dos e-books, busca-se democratizar seu acesso, bem como, simplificar os processos que envolvem a administração de coleções; a redução dos recursos financeiros e humanos utilizados pelas bibliotecas; o aumento da competitividade do mercado editorial; a maximização do acesso, da acessibilidade e o aperfeiçoamento dos produtos e serviços oferecidos para a comunidade acadêmica. Nesse sentido, este trabalho representa uma pesquisa relevante para os profissionais da Biblioteconomia e da Ciência da Informação. A metodologia aplicada foi a revisão de literatura acerca do tema nos campos das Ciências da Informação, mais especificamente, da Biblioteconomia. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram o mapeamento dos obstáculos encontrados na gestão dos e-books.
As competências, os perfis e os aspectos sociais do bibliotecário na educação
Authors: Castro Filho Claudio Marcondes de
Published: June 2016

A biblioteca escolar deve ser reconhecida como um equipamento cultural, como uma instituição social, com o intuito de integrar a sociedade da informação, estabelecendo novos conceitos e se adequando às realidades sociais, culturais, educativas e tecnológicas da sociedade. Com a explosão informacional, a sociedade contemporânea necessita de profissionais bibliotecários atuando em biblioteca escolar com competências que atendam às novas demandas de produtos e serviços de informação. Sendo assim: qual é o papel e as competências desses profissionais? Estão preparados para a demanda social de nossos leitores? Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é apontar os perfis, as competências e os aspectos sociais do bibliotecário no espaço contemporâneo, tendo como escopo a biblioteca escolar. Para nossa investigação, utilizamos como método científico a pesquisa exploratória, que tem como finalidade desenvolver e elucidar conceitos e ideias e que normalmente envolvem a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Com relação ao bibliotecário escolar, apontamos que este deve ter como práticas de atuação: a intermediação entre a biblioteca, o leitor e o contexto, a técnica e a promoção da leitura; deve estar atento para ajudar a amenizar, a exclusão digital e a falta de acesso à informação; não deve prescindir de conjunto de atitudes, habilidades e competências que o certifiquem a trabalhar e contribuir de forma positiva; deve ser flexível, saber administrar a unidade de informação escolar, gerando recursos e serviços de informação, trabalhar com as ferramentas disponibilizadas pelas tecnologias da informação e comunicação e aproximar a comunidade escolar com o espaço da biblioteca.
An exploratory study of olive tourism consumers
Authors: López-Guzmán Tomás , Cañero Morales Pablo M. , Moral Cuadra Salvador , Orgaz-Agüera Francisco
Published: June 2016

The Purpose – The production of olive oil is one of the most important agricultural activities in Mediterranean countries. As such, and given the importance of wine and food tourism in recent years, there is a potential commitment to the development of olive tourism. Design – This paper aims to analyse the kind of the tourist for whom one of the reasons for travelling to a certain destination is to get to know the production of olive oil. Methodology – The methodology for conducting this research was based on fieldwork to learn about different aspects of tourists interested in learning about olive oil production. Approach – In this paper we present the results of fieldwork in Andalusia (Spain), the most important olive oil producing area in the world, to understand the relationship between olive oil and tourism. This paper also tries to create a profile of this kind of tourist. Findings – The results show the significant judgement that respondent tourists make of this agricultural activity, their satisfaction with the experience and also their relationship with rural activities and culture. Originality of the research – This paper is one of the first studies to be carried out in an important destination for olive tourism in Europe.
Restaurant quality: the case of Central Slovenian region
Authors: Uran Maravić Maja
Published: June 2016

The purpose – This study has two key goals. The first part presents and compares different expert systems for assessing quality in the restaurants alongside the Ljubljana Quality Selection assessment methodology - LQS. In the second part, this study presents the results of a restaurant assessment in the Central Slovenian region using the LQS methodology. Design/methodology – In the first part of the study, we compare restaurant assessment systems through different criteria. In the second part, the research focuses on a restaurant assessment system in the Central Slovenian region. Anonymous experts collected data based on the LQS methodology. The main research questions are on how experts assess restaurants, and whether there are statistically significant differences in the quality of offers between urban and rural restaurants in the Central Slovenian region, as assessed by the LQS methodology. Findings – The results of the comparison show that in the expert restaurant assessment systems, restaurants are assessed anonymously, at least twice a year, with results published in printed form and online, the most respectable do not disclose their criteria of assessment and mainly select the best restaurants to be assessed. The second part is a quantitative study. The survey covered 64 urban and 26 rural restaurants. The results indicated no statistically significant differences in the quality offers between urban and rural restaurants. No significant differences were found between the four key groups of quality elements (food quality, service quality, ambience quality and value for money), nor the of overall restaurant quality. This study has shown, that according to an independent evaluation process, restaurant quality in the Central Slovenian region is high and there are no differences in the quality of offers between restaurants operating in rural and urban settings. There results also showed that food is the key element for restaurant to be assessed high. Originality of the research – This is the first study to investigate differences between expert restaurant assessment systems. The key contribution of this research lies in the fact that an independent new methodology for assessing restaurant quality was developed and implemented for the purpose of regional restaurant quality assessment.