bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Science in the Study of Early Christianity: Why It Is Helpful – and How?
Authors: Uro Risto
Published: September 2017

In recent years, a number of New Testament and early Christian scholars have begun to use cognitive science approaches in their work. In this paper, I situate those efforts within the larger framework of the changing humanities, and the increased interest among humanistic scholars and social scientists in drawing on the growing body of knowledge on the cognitive and evolutionary roots of human thinking and behaviour. I also suggest how cognitive historiography can be helpful in shedding new light on issues discussed by New Testament scholars, by elaborating a case study: an analysis of the rite introduced by John the Baptist.
Maternal immune and affiliative biomarkers and sensitive parenting mediate the effects of chronic early trauma on child anxiety
Authors: Ulmer-Yaniv A. , Djalovski A. , Yirmiya K. , Halevi G. , Zagoory-Sharon O. , Feldman R.
Published: September 2017

Background

Chronic early trauma alters children's stress reactivity and increases the prevalence of anxiety disorders; yet the neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms underpinning this effect are not fully clear. Animal studies indicate that the mother's physiology and behavior mediate offspring stress in a system-specific manner, but few studies tested this external-regulatory maternal role in human children exposed to chronic stress.

Methods

We followed a unique cohort of children exposed to continuous wartime trauma (N= 177; exposed;N= 101, controls;N= 76). At 10 years, maternal and child's salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) and oxytocin (OT), biomarkers of the immune and affiliation systems, were assayed, maternal and child relational behaviors observed, mother and child underwent psychiatric diagnosis, and child anxiety symptoms assessed.

Results

War-exposed mothers had higher s-IgA, lower OT, more anxiety symptoms, and their parenting was characterized by reduced sensitivity. Exposed children showed higher s-IgA, more anxiety disorders and post traumatic stress disorder, and more anxiety symptoms. Path analysis model defined three pathways by which maternal physiology and behavior impacted child anxiety; (a) increasing maternal s-IgA, which led to increased child s-IgA, augmenting child anxiety; (b) reducing maternal OT, which linked with diminished child OT and social repertoire; and (c) increasing maternal anxiety, which directly impacted child anxiety.

Conclusions

Our findings, the first to measure immune and affiliation biomarkers in mothers and children, detail their unique and joint effects on children's anxiety in response to stress; highlight the relations between chronic stress, immune activation, and anxiety in children; and describe how processes of biobehavioral synchrony shape children's long-term adaptation.
Transcriptomics ofnine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6induction in imbibed seeds reveals feedback mechanisms and long non-coding RNAs
Authors: Sall Khadidiatou , Hendrix David , Sekine Taira , Katsuragawa Yoshihiko , Koyari Ryosuke , Nonogaki Hiroyuki
Published: September 2017

Inductionof nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6(NCED6), an abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis gene, alone is sufficient to suspend germination in testa-ruptured seeds, which are at the final step of germination. Molecular consequences ofNCED6induction in imbibed seeds were investigated by RNA sequencing. The analysis identified many unknown and uncharacterized genes that were up-regulated byNCED6induction, in addition to the major regulators of ABA signalling. Interestingly, otherNCEDs were up-regulated byNCED6induction, suggesting that the major rate-limiting enzymes in the ABA biosynthesis pathway are subject to positive-feedback regulation.ZEAXANTHIN EPOXIDASEandABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE3, which function upstream and downstream ofNCED, were also up-regulated in seeds byNCED6induction, which suggests that the distinct layers of positive feedback loops are coordinately operating in theNCED6-induced seeds.SOMNUS(SOM), which was also up-regulated byNCED6induction, was the major mediator of enhanced ABA signalling inNCED6-induced seeds.SOMexerted negative effects on GA biosynthesis, which also contributes to a high ABA–GA ratio and reinforces the suppressive state of germination. Besides these coding genes, long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) were also up-regulated uponNCED6induction (termedN6LINCRs). Conditional expression ofN6LINCR1altered gene expression profiles in seeds. Twenty-six genes were up-regulated and 66 genes were down-regulated by the induction ofN6LINCR1. These results suggest that some ofN6LINCRshave a regulatory role in gene expression in seeds, which potentially contributes to the regulation of germination by ABA.
The introduction of cashless wage payments and the spread of branch banking in post-war Germany
Authors: Krueger Malte
Published: September 2017

The period from the 1950s to the late 1970s saw an almost uniform decline of cash-to-GDP ratios in industrial countries. A closer look at the German payment system suggests that the factor causing such a change was a shift towards cashless wage payments. In this period, in Germany, the branch network of banks expanded significantly and at the end of the period almost all economically active individuals had a current account. This change was triggered by rising wages and income. Rising wages increased the burden of weekly wage payments in cash, and rising income made the average earner more attractive for banks. Moreover, regulation and deregulation, by triggering both price and non-price competition, may also have played a role. Technological change was not an independent driver. In the 1950s, the number of giro accounts per German adult was comparable to the current situation in many developing countries. Yet, I argue that the German post-war experience does not provide a blueprint for most of these countries.
Problematic internet use in gamblers: impact on clinical and cognitive measures
Authors: Chamberlain Samuel R. , Redden Sarah A. , Leppink Eric , Grant Jon E.
Published: September 2017

Objective

Gambling is a commonplace phenomenon, existing along a continuum from occasional gambling to functionally impairing gambling disorder. The internet may act as a conduit for some gambling behaviors. The impact of problematic internet use on clinical and cognitive features relevant to gambling has received little research attention.

Methods

A total of 206 adults aged 18–30 years who gamble at least five times per year were recruited from the general community and undertook detailed clinical and cognitive assessments. Problematic internet use was defined using a total score of 5 or more on Young’s Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ). Linear regression was employed to evaluate the relative contribution of addictive-related, impulsive-related, and compulsive-related measures in predicting YDQ total scores in gamblers.

Results

Gamblers with problematic internet use (18% of the sample) reported lower quality of life, lower self-esteem, elevated rates of intermittent explosive disorder, gambling disorder symptoms, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, antisocial personality disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as relative deficits in decision making and spatial working memory. In linear regression, the extent of problematic internet use was most significantly associated with increased gambling disorder symptoms and increased ADHD symptoms.

Conclusions

Problematic internet use in gamblers is associated with worse quality of life, more problem/pathological gambling symptoms, more psychiatric morbidities, and select cognitive impairment. Refinement of the definition of problematic internet use and exploration of its clinical and cognitive associations are likely to be highly relevant to the treatment of problematic gambling.
Was hilft, was wirkt?
Authors: Koch Sabine C.
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung. Was bewirkt Tanz- und Bewegungstherapie? Auf welche gesundheitsrelevanten Aspekte wirkt sie? Und vor allem: Wie wirkt sie? Was genau hilft? Auf der Grundlage eines Überblicks über Effektivitätsstudien der Tanz- und Bewegungstherapie (DMT), der deutlich macht, für welche Patientengruppen Tanztherapie bereits evidenzbasiert als wirksam getestet wurde, wendet sich der Artikel der Wirkweise der Tanztherapie zu, die noch weitgehend unerforscht ist. Zu dieser Wirkweise gehören generelle Wirkfaktoren, die für alle Psychotherapien gelten, Mechanismen, die für alle Künstlerischen Therapien gelten (von denen die Tanztherapie ein Teil ist), Mechanismen, die für alle Körperpsychotherapien gelten (von denen die Tanztherapie ebenfalls ein Teil ist); und spezifische Wirkfaktoren, die nur für die Tanztherapie gelten. Auf der Grundlage eines Überblicks differentieller Indikationen, und unter Einbezug existierender Theorien und der wenigen vorliegenden empirischen Ergebnisse werden Wirkfaktoren und Wirkweisen der Tanz- und Bewegungstherapie diskutiert und in ein Theoriemodell der Verkörperten Ästhetik eingebettet, das für alle Künstlerischen Therapien entwickelt wurde, und auch für die Körperpsychotherapien einen sinnvollen Rahmen bietet. Das Modell legt die Zirkularität von „Merken“ (Impression, Bewegt sein, Kinästhetik) und „Wirken“ (Expression, Bewegen, Kinetik) zugrunde, betont die aktive Seite des „Kunst-Schaffens“, und erlaubt die Ableitung und Überprüfung von Hypothesen zu angenommenen Wirkfaktoren. Schließlich werden die spezifischen Wirkfaktoren der Tanztherapie herausgearbeitet und diskutiert.
Tanztherapie in der Psychosomatik
Authors: Eberhard-Kaechele Marianne
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung. Sowohl die Tanztherapie, als auch die Embodiment-Forschung und die Psychosomatische Medizin stellen die Wechselwirkung von Körper, Psyche und Umwelt ins Zentrum ihrer Aufmerksamkeit. Ausgewählte Facetten des Embodiment werden in Bezug gesetzt zu tanztherapeutischen Interventionen bei psychosomatisch erkrankten Patientinnen und Patienten und durch Fallbeispiele veranschaulicht. Es werden zuträgliche und kritische Bedeutungen der Embodiment-Forschung für die Weiterentwicklung der Tanztherapie und mögliche Beiträge der Tanztherapie zur Embodiment-Forschung betrachtet.
Uncontrolled angiogenic precursor expansion causes coronary artery anomalies in mice lacking Pofut1
Authors: Wang Yidong , Wu Bingruo , Lu Pengfei , Zhang Donghong , Wu Brian , Varshney Shweta , del Monte-Nieto Gonzalo , Zhuang Zhenwu , Charafeddine Rabab , Kramer Adam H. , Sibinga Nicolas E. , Frangogiannis Nikolaos G. , Kitsis Richard N. , Adams Ralf H. , Alitalo Kari , Sharp David J. , Harvey Richard P. , Stanley Pamela , Zhou Bin
Published: September 2017

Coronary artery anomalies may cause life-threatening cardiac complications; however, developmental mechanisms underpinning coronary artery formation remain ill-defined. Here we identify an angiogenic cell population for coronary artery formation in mice. Regulated by a DLL4/NOTCH1/VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling axis, these angiogenic cells generate mature coronary arteries. The NOTCH modulator POFUT1 critically regulates this signaling axis. POFUT1 inactivation disrupts signaling events and results in excessive angiogenic cell proliferation and plexus formation, leading to anomalous coronary arteries, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Simultaneous VEGFR2 inactivation fully rescues these defects. These findings show that dysregulated angiogenic precursors link coronary anomalies to ischemic heart disease.
MANF regulates hypothalamic control of food intake and body weight
Authors: Yang Su , Yang Huiming , Chang Renbao , Yin Peng , Yang Yang , Yang Weili , Huang Shanshan , Gaertig Marta A. , Li Shihua , Li Xiao-Jiang
Published: September 2017

The hypothalamus has a vital role in controlling food intake and energy homeostasis; its activity is modulated by neuropeptides and endocrine factors. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a neurotrophic factor that is also localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in neurons. Here we show that MANF is highly enriched in distinct nuclei of the mouse hypothalamus, and that MANF expression in the hypothalamus is upregulated in response to fasting. Increasing or decreasing hypothalamic MANF protein levels causes hyperphagia or hypophagia, respectively. Moreover, MANF triggers hypothalamic insulin resistance by enhancing the ER localization and activity of PIP4k2b, a kinase known to regulate insulin signaling. Our findings indicate that MANF influences food intake and body weight by modulating hypothalamic insulin signaling.
Expression of brown-midrib in a spontaneous sorghum mutant is linked to a 5′-UTR deletion in lignin biosynthesis gene SbCAD2
Authors: Li Huang , Huang Yinghua
Published: September 2017

Brown midrib (bmr) mutants in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and several other C4 grasses are associated with reduced lignin concentration, altered lignin composition and improved cell wall digestibility, which are desirable properties in biomass development for the emerging lignocellulosic biofuel industry. Studying bmr mutants has considerably expanded our understanding of the molecular basis underlying lignin biosynthesis and perturbation in grasses. In this study, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, identified and cloned a novel cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase allele (SbCAD2) that has an 8-bp deletion in its 5′-untranslated region (UTR), conferring the spontaneous brown midrib trait and lignin reduction in the sorghum germplasm line PI 595743. Complementation test and gene expression analysis revealed that this non-coding region alteration is associated with the significantly reduced expression of the SbCAD2 in PI 595743 throughout its growth stages. Moreover, a promoter-GUS fusion study with transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants found that SbCAD2 promoter is functionally conserved, driving a specific expression pattern in lignifying vascular tissues. Taken together, our results revealed the genetic basis of bmr occurrence in this spontaneous sorghum mutant and suggested the regulatory region of the SbCAD2 can be a target site for optimizing lignin modification in sorghum and other bioenergy crops.
Analysis of VSV pseudotype virus infection mediated by rubella virus envelope proteins
Authors: Sakata Masafumi , Tani Hideki , Anraku Masaki , Kataoka Michiyo , Nagata Noriyo , Seki Fumio , Tahara Maino , Otsuki Noriyuki , Okamoto Kiyoko , Takeda Makoto , Mori Yoshio
Published: September 2017

Rubella virus (RV) generally causes a systemic infection in humans. Viral cell tropism is a key determinant of viral pathogenesis, but the tropism of RV is currently poorly understood. We analyzed various human cell lines and determined that RV only establishes an infection efficiently in particular non-immune cell lines. To establish an infection the host cells must be susceptible and permissible. To assess the susceptibility of individual cell lines, we generated a pseudotype vesicular stomatitis virus bearing RV envelope proteins (VSV-RV/CE2E1). VSV-RV/CE2E1 entered cells in an RV envelope protein-dependent manner, and thus the infection was neutralized completely by an RV-specific antibody. The infection was Ca2+-dependent and inhibited by endosomal acidification inhibitors, further confirming the dependency on RV envelope proteins for the VSV-RV/CE2E1 infection. Human non-immune cell lines were mostly susceptible to VSV-RV/CE2E1, while immune cell lines were much less susceptible than non-immune cell lines. However, susceptibility of immune cells to VSV-RV/CE2E1 was increased upon stimulation of these cells. Our data therefore suggest that immune cells are generally less susceptible to RV infection than non-immune cells, but the susceptibility of immune cells is enhanced upon stimulation.
Resilience of electricity grids against transmission line overloads under wind power injection at different nodes
Authors: Schiel Christoph , Lind Pedro G. , Maass Philipp
Published: September 2017

A steadily increasing fraction of renewable energy sources for electricity production requires a better understanding of how stochastic power generation affects the stability of electricity grids. Here, we assess the resilience of an IEEE test grid against single transmission line overloads under wind power injection based on the dc power flow equations and a quasi-static grid response to wind fluctuations. Thereby we focus on the mutual influence of wind power generation at different nodes. We find that overload probabilities vary strongly between different pairs of nodes and become highly affected by spatial correlations of wind fluctuations. An unexpected behaviour is uncovered: for a large number of node pairs, increasing wind power injection at one node can increase the power threshold at the other node with respect to line overloads in the grid. We find that this seemingly paradoxical behaviour is related to the topological distance of the overloaded line from the shortest path connecting the wind nodes. In the considered test grid, it occurs for all node pairs, where the overloaded line belongs to the shortest path.
Adaptive pixel-super-resolved lensfree in-line digital holography for wide-field on-chip microscopy
Authors: Zhang Jialin , Sun Jiasong , Chen Qian , Li Jiaji , Zuo Chao
Published: September 2017

High-resolution wide field-of-view (FOV) microscopic imaging plays an essential role in various fields of biomedicine, engineering, and physical sciences. As an alternative to conventional lens-based scanning techniques, lensfree holography provides a new way to effectively bypass the intrinsical trade-off between the spatial resolution and FOV of conventional microscopes. Unfortunately, due to the limited sensor pixel-size, unpredictable disturbance during image acquisition, and sub-optimum solution to the phase retrieval problem, typical lensfree microscopes only produce compromised imaging quality in terms of lateral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here, we propose an adaptive pixel-super-resolved lensfree imaging (APLI) method which can solve, or at least partially alleviate these limitations. Our approach addresses the pixel aliasing problem by Z-scanning only, without resorting to subpixel shifting or beam-angle manipulation. Automatic positional error correction algorithm and adaptive relaxation strategy are introduced to enhance the robustness and SNR of reconstruction significantly. Based on APLI, we perform full-FOV reconstruction of a USAF resolution target (~29.85 mm2) and achieve half-pitch lateral resolution of 770 nm, surpassing 2.17 times of the theoretical Nyquist–Shannon sampling resolution limit imposed by the sensor pixel-size (1.67µm). Full-FOV imaging result of a typical dicot root is also provided to demonstrate its promising potential applications in biologic imaging.
Outcomes of adjuvant epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment for EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a propensity-score analysis
Authors: Zhao Shufen , Ma Ge , Guo Jing , Ding Aiping , Wang Shasha , Yu Guohong , Chen Lei , Yuan Yonggang , Xiao Wenjing
Published: September 2017

Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have transformed the management of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, while the efficacy of TKIs in the adjuvant setting remains unclear. We collected the data of 209 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients receiving complete resection from 2010 to 2013. Study end points were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Among the eligible patients, 41 (19.6%) received EGFR TKIs in the adjuvant treatment. The 3-year DFS of adjuvant EGFR TKIs treatment group (70.5%, 95% CI, 54.6–86.4%) was significantly superior that control group (50.2%, 95% CI, 40–60.4%; log-rank P = 0.014). TKIs treatment (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.29–0.97; P = 0.04) was significantly associated with improved DFS in multivariate Cox analysis. No significant difference was observed in 3-year OS between two groups (73.1% [58.0–88.2%] vs 61.8% [52.2–71.4%], log-rank P = 0.21). Propensity-score matching further confirmed that adjuvant TKIs treatment extended the DFS (log-rank P = 0.024), but did not improve OS (log-rank P = 0.40). Our analysis revealed that adjuvant EGFR TKIs treatment was beneficial for early-stage NSCLC patients harboring activating EGFR mutations after complete resection.
Incoherent digital holograms acquired by interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography system without refractive lenses
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Vijayakumar A. , Rosen Joseph
Published: September 2017

We present a lensless, interferenceless incoherent digital holography technique based on the principle of coded aperture correlation holography. The acquired digital hologram by this technique contains a three-dimensional image of some observed scene. Light diffracted by a point object (pinhole) is modulated using a random-like coded phase mask (CPM) and the intensity pattern is recorded and composed as a point spread hologram (PSH). A library of PSHs is created using the same CPM by moving the pinhole to all possible axial locations. Intensity diffracted through the same CPM from an object placed within the axial limits of the PSH library is recorded by a digital camera. The recorded intensity this time is composed as the object hologram. The image of the object at any axial plane is reconstructed by cross-correlating the object hologram with the corresponding component of the PSH library. The reconstruction noise attached to the image is suppressed by various methods. The reconstruction results of multiplane and thick objects by this technique are compared with regular lens-based imaging.
Phylogenetic implications of nuclear rRNA IGS variation in Stipa L. (Poaceae)
Authors: Krawczyk Katarzyna , Nobis Marcin , Nowak Arkadiusz , Szczecińska Monika , Sawicki Jakub
Published: September 2017

The article takes up the problem of deficiency of molecular marker, which could illustrate molecular variability as well as phylogenetic relation within the genus of Stipa L. (Poaceae). Researches made so far hadn’t delivered sufficient information about relationships between particular taxa from the genus of Stipa. In the present study, we analyzed variability and phylogenetic informativeness of nuclear ribosomal DNA in six species from the genus against five other species from Poaceae including a division of this region into functional elements and domains. Our results showed that the intergenic spacer region, and especially its part adjacent to 26 S nrDNA, is a molecular marker giving a real chance for a phylogeny reconstruction of Stipa. The region seems to be the most phylogenetically informative for Stipa from all the chloroplast and nuclear markers tested so far. Comparative analysis of nrDNA repeat units from Stipa to other representatives of Poaceae showed that their structure does not deviate from the general scheme. However, the rate of evolution within the inter-repeats in the IGS region is extremely high and therefore it predestines the region for phylogenetic analyses of Stipa at genus level or in shallower taxonomic scale.
A Magnetometer Based on a Spin Wave Interferometer
Authors: Balynsky M. , Gutierrez D. , Chiang H. , Kozhevnikov A. , Dudko G. , Filimonov Y. , Balandin A. A. , Khitun A.
Published: September 2017

We describe a magnetic field sensor based on a spin wave interferometer. Its sensing element consists of a magnetic cross junction with four micro-antennas fabricated at the edges. Two of these antennas are used for spin wave excitation while two other antennas are used for detection of the inductive voltage produced by the interfering spin waves. Two waves propagating in the orthogonal arms of the cross may accumulate significantly different phase shifts depending on the magnitude and direction of the external magnetic field. This phenomenon is utilized for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity attains its maximum under the destructive interference condition, where a small change in the external magnetic field results in a drastic increase of the inductive voltage, as well as in the change of the output phase. We report experimental data obtained for a micrometer scale Y3Fe2(FeO4)3 cross structure. The change of the inductive voltage near the destructive interference point exceeds 40 dB per 1 Oe. The phase of the output signal exhibits a π-phase shift within 1 Oe. The data are collected at room temperature. Taking into account the low thermal noise in ferrite structures, we estimate that the maximum sensitivity of the spin wave magnetometer may exceed attotesla.
Inhomogeneous phases in coupled electron-hole bilayer graphene sheets: Charge Density Waves and Coupled Wigner Crystals
Authors: Zarenia M. , Neilson D. , Peeters F. M.
Published: September 2017

Recently proposed accurate correlation energies are used to determine the phase diagram of strongly coupled electron-hole graphene bilayers. The control parameters of the phase diagram are the charge carrier density and the insulating barrier thickness separating the bilayers. In addition to the electron-hole superfluid phase we find two new inhomogeneous ground states, a one dimensional charge density wave phase and a coupled electron-hole Wigner crystal. The elementary crystal structure of bilayer graphene plays no role in generating these new quantum phases, which are completely determined by the electrons and holes interacting through the Coulomb interaction. The experimental parameters for the new phases lie within attainable ranges and therefore coupled electron-hole bilayer graphene presents itself as an experimental system where novel emergent many-body phases can be realized.
Phosphorylation of Suppressor of Hairless impedes its DNA-binding activity
Authors: Nagel Anja C. , Auer Jasmin S. , Schulz Adriana , Pfannstiel Jens , Yuan Zhenyu , Collins Courtney E. , Kovall Rhett A. , Preiss Anette
Published: September 2017

Notch signalling activity governs cellular differentiation in higher metazoa, where Notch signals are transduced by the transcription factor CSL, called Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)] in Drosophila. Su(H) operates as molecular switch on Notch target genes: within activator complexes, including intracellular Notch, or within repressor complexes, including the antagonist Hairless. Mass spectrometry identified phosphorylation on Serine 269 in Su(H), potentially serving as a point of cross-regulation by other signalling pathways. To address the biological significance, we generated phospho-deficient [Su(H)S269A] and phospho-mimetic [Su(H)S269D] variants: the latter displayed reduced transcriptional activity despite unaltered protein interactions with co-activators and -repressors. Based on the Su(H) structure, Ser269 phosphorylation may interfere with DNA-binding, which we confirmed by electro-mobility shift assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. Overexpression of Su(H)S269D during fly development demonstrated reduced transcriptional regulatory activity, similar to the previously reported DNA-binding defective mutant Su(H)R266H. As both are able to bind Hairless and Notch proteins, Su(H)S269D and Su(H)R266H provoked dominant negative effects upon overexpression. Our data imply that Ser269 phosphorylation impacts Notch signalling activity by inhibiting DNA-binding of Su(H), potentially affecting both activation and repression. Ser269 is highly conserved in vertebrate CSL homologues, opening the possibility of a general and novel mechanism of modulating Notch signalling activity.
South Atlantic paleobathymetry since early Cretaceous
Authors: Pérez-Díaz Lucía , Eagles Graeme
Published: September 2017

We present early Cretaceous to present paleobathymetric reconstructions and quantitative uncertainty estimates for the South Atlantic, offering a strong basis for studies of paleocirculation, paleoclimate and paleobiogeography. Circulation in an initially salty and anoxic ocean, restricted by the topography of the Falkland Plateau, Rio Grande Ridge and Walvis Rise, favoured deposition of thick evaporites in shallow water of the Brazilian-Angolan margins. This ceased as seafloor spreading propagated northwards, opening an equatorial gateway to shallow and intermediate circulation. This gateway, together with subsiding volcano-tectonic barriers would have played a key role in Late Cretaceous climate changes. Later deepening and widening of the South Atlantic, together with gateway opening at Drake Passage would lead, by mid-Miocene (∼15 Ma) to the establishment of modern-style thermohaline circulation.
Bacteriological diagnosis of childhood TB: a prospective observational study
Authors: Brent Andrew J. , Mugo Daisy , Musyimi Robert , Mutiso Agnes , Morpeth Susan C. , Levin Michael , Scott J. Anthony G.
Published: September 2017

Childhood TB diagnosis is challenging. Studies in adults suggest Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility (MODS) culture or the Xpert MTB/RIF assay might be used to expand bacteriological diagnosis. However data from children are more limited. We prospectively compared MODS and Xpert MTB/RIF with standard microscopy and culture using the BD MGIT 960 system among 1442 Kenyan children with suspected TB. 97 specimens from 54 children were TB culture-positive: 91 (94%) by MGIT and 74 (76%) by MODS (p = 0.002). 72 (74%) culture-positive and 7 culture-negative specimens were Xpert MTB/RIF positive. Xpert MTB/RIF specificity was 100% (99.7–100%) among 1164 specimens from 892 children in whom TB was excluded, strongly suggesting all Xpert MTB/RIF positives are true positives. The sensitivity of MGIT, MODS and Xpert MTB/RIF was 88%, 71% and 76%, respectively, among all 104 true positive (culture and/or Xpert MTB/RIF positive) specimens. MGIT, MODS and Xpert MTB/RIF on the initial specimen identified 40/51 (78%), 33/51 (65%) and 33/51 (65%) culture-confirmed pulmonary TB cases, respectively; Xpert MTB/RIF detected 5 additional culture-negative cases. The high sensitivity and very high specificity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay supports its inclusion in the reference standard for bacteriological diagnosis of childhood TB in research and clinical practice.
Development of chloroplast genome resources for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and other species of Arachis
Authors: Yin Dongmei , Wang Yun , Zhang Xingguo , Ma Xingli , He Xiaoyan , Zhang Jianhang
Published: September 2017

Absract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed and cash crop worldwide. WildArachisspp. are potental sources of novel genes for the genetic improvement of cultivated peanut. Understanding the genetic relationships with cultivated peanut is important for the efficient use of wild species in breeding programmes. However, for this genus, only a few genetic resources have been explored so far. In this study, new chloroplast genomic resources have been developed for the genusArachisbased on whole chloroplast genomes from seven species that were sequenced using next-generation sequencing technologies. The chloroplast genomes ranged in length from 156,275 to 156,395 bp, and their gene contents, gene orders, and GC contents were similar to those for other Fabaceae species. Comparative analyses among the seven chloroplast genomes revealed 643 variable sites that included 212 singletons and 431 parsimony-informative sites. We also identified 101 SSR loci and 85 indel mutation events. Thirty-seven SSR loci were found to be polymorphic byin silicocomparative analyses. Eleven highly divergent DNA regions, suitable for phylogenetic and species identification, were detected in the seven chloroplast genomes. A molecular phylogeny based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences provided the best resolution of the sevenArachisspecies.
Validating a therapy-oriented complication grading system in lumbar spine surgery: a prospective population-based study
Authors: Bellut David , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Schultze Dania , Ginsberg Howard J , Regli Luca , Sarnthein Johannes
Published: September 2017

The aim of the present study was to validate a therapy-oriented complication grading system in a well-defined neurosurgical patient population in which complications may entrain neurological deficits, which are severe but not treated. The prospective patient registry of the Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zurich provides extensive population-based data. In this study we focused on complications after lumbar spine surgeries and rated their severity by Clavien-Dindo grade (CDG). Analyzing 138 consecutive surgeries we noted 44 complications. As to treatment, CDG correlated with the length of hospital stay and treatment cost. As to patient outcome, CDG correlated with performance and outcome (McCormick). The present study demonstrates the correlation between outcome scales and the CDG. While the high correlation of CDG with costs seems self-evident, the present study shows this correlation for the first time. Furthermore, the study validates the CDG for a surgical subspecialty. As a further advantage, CDG registers any deviation from the normal postoperative course and allows comparison between surgical specialties.
The ClpXP protease is dispensable for degradation of unfolded proteins in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Stahlhut Steen G. , Alqarzaee Abdulelah A. , Jensen Camilla , Fisker Niclas S. , Pereira Ana R. , Pinho Mariana G. , Thomas Vinai Chittezham , Frees Dorte
Published: September 2017

In living cells intracellular proteolysis is crucial for protein homeostasis, and ClpP proteases are conserved between eubacteria and the organelles of eukaryotic cells. In Staphylococcus aureus, ClpP associates to the substrate specificity factors, ClpX and ClpC forming two ClpP proteases, ClpXP and ClpCP. To address how individual ClpP proteases impact cell physiology, we constructed a S. aureus mutant expressing ClpX with an I265E substitution in the ClpP recognition tripeptide of ClpX. This mutant cannot degrade established ClpXP substrates confirming that the introduced amino acid substitution abolishes ClpXP activity. Phenotypic characterization of this mutant showed that ClpXP activity controls cell size and is required for growth at low temperature. Cells expressing the ClpXI265E variant, in contrast to cells lacking ClpP, are not sensitive to heat-stress and do not accumulate protein aggregates showing that ClpXP is dispensable for degradation of unfolded proteins in S. aureus. Consistent with this finding, transcriptomic profiling revealed strong induction of genes responding to protein folding stress in cells devoid of ClpP, but not in cells lacking only ClpXP. In the latter cells, highly upregulated loci include the urease operon, the pyrimidine biosynthesis operon, the betA-betB operon, and the pathogenicity island, SaPI5, while virulence genes were dramatically down-regulated.
Rapid alignment of nanotomography data using joint iterative reconstruction and reprojection
Authors: Gürsoy Doğa , Hong Young P. , He Kuan , Hujsak Karl , Yoo Seunghwan , Chen Si , Li Yue , Ge Mingyuan , Miller Lisa M. , Chu Yong S. , De Andrade Vincent , He Kai , Cossairt Oliver , Katsaggelos Aggelos K. , Jacobsen Chris
Published: September 2017

As x-ray and electron tomography is pushed further into the nanoscale, the limitations of rotation stages become more apparent, leading to challenges in the alignment of the acquired projection images. Here we present an approach for rapid post-acquisition alignment of these projections to obtain high quality three-dimensional images. Our approach is based on a joint estimation of alignment errors, and the object, using an iterative refinement procedure. With simulated data where we know the alignment error of each projection image, our approach shows a residual alignment error that is a factor of a thousand smaller, and it reaches the same error level in the reconstructed image in less than half the number of iterations. We then show its application to experimental data in x-ray and electron nanotomography.
Cyclic peptide production using a macrocyclase with enhanced substrate promiscuity and relaxed recognition determinants
Authors: Alexandru-Crivac Cristina N. , Umeobika Christian , Leikoski Niina , Jokela Jouni , Rickaby Kirstie A. , Grilo André M. , Sjö Peter , Plowright Alleyn T. , Idress Mohannad , Siebs Eike , Nneoyi-Egbe Ada , Wahlsten Matti , Sivonen Kaarina , Jaspars Marcel , Trembleau Laurent , Fewer David P. , Houssen Wael E.
Published: September 2017

The cyanobactin macrocyclase (OscGmac) has high substrate promiscuity and can be used for making libraries of highly diverse cyclic peptides.
A phosphorescent copper(i) coordination polymer with sodium 3,5-dimethyl-4-sulfonate pyrazolate
Authors: Attilio Ardizzoia G. , Brenna Stefano , Civati Francesco , Colombo Valentina , Sironi Angelo
Published: September 2017

A phosphorescent copper(i) coordination polymer has been synthesized and characterizedvia ab initioPXRD.
A topological study of chemical bonds under pressure: solid hydrogen as a model case
Authors: Riffet Vanessa , Labet Vanessa , Contreras-García Julia
Published: September 2017

Hydrogen being the “simplest” element as well as a central core to high pressure physics, we undertake a general study of the changes in the chemical bonding under pressure.
Interaction between H2O, N2, CO, NO, NO2 and N2O molecules and a defective WSe2 monolayer
Authors: Ma Dongwei , Ma Benyuan , Lu Zhiwen , He Chaozheng , Tang Yanan , Lu Zhansheng , Yang Zongxian
Published: September 2017

The interaction of various gas molecules with a defective WSe2 monolayer is theoretically studied. The defective WSe2 monolayer exhibits enhanced sensing ability toward H2O and N2 molecules. The doping of the WSe2 monolayer due to the interaction of CO, NO, NO2, and N2O molecules with Se vacancies is discussed.
Two-dimensional pattern formation in ionic liquids confined between graphene walls
Authors: Montes-Campos Hadrián , Otero-Mato José Manuel , Méndez-Morales Trinidad , Cabeza Oscar , Gallego Luis J. , Ciach Alina , Varela Luis M.
Published: September 2017

We perform molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations of ionic liquids confined between graphene walls under a large variety of conditions, proving the occurrence of structural pattern transitions that can be explained using the Landau–Brazovskii theory.
Multicomponent ionic liquid CMC prediction
Authors: Kłosowska-Chomiczewska I. E. , Artichowicz W. , Preiss U. , Jungnickel C.
Published: September 2017

We created a model to predict CMC of ILs based on 704 experimental values published in 43 publications since 2000.
Correction: Elucidation of transport mechanism and enhanced alkali ion transference numbers in mixed alkali metal–organic ionic molten salts
Authors: Chen Fangfang , Forsyth Maria
Published: September 2017

Correction for ‘Elucidation of transport mechanism and enhanced alkali ion transference numbers in mixed alkali metal–organic ionic molten salts’ by Fangfang Chen et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 19336–19344.
Pt–CeO2nanoporous spheres – an excellent catalyst for partial oxidation of methane: effect of the bimodal pore structure
Authors: Singha R. K. , Shukla A. , Yadav A. , Sasaki T. , Sandupatla A. , Deo G. , Bal R.
Published: September 2017

Bimodal pore size distribution played the most important role for the catalyst's superior activity during POM.
fat-1mice prevent high-fat plus high-sugar diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Guo Xiao-fei , Gao Jin-long , Li Jiao-mei , Li Duo
Published: September 2017

High-fat and high-sugar (HFS) diets have been suggested to play a causal role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Both end-on and end-to-end azide bridged tetranuclear ferromagnetic nickel(ii) Schiff base complexes
Authors: Bhattacharyya Anik , Das Mithun , Bauzá Antonio , Herrero Santiago , González-Prieto Rodrigo , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik
Published: September 2017

Variable temperature magnetic measurement of a tetranuclear nickel(ii) complex, consisting of two pseudo-dinuclear entities, indicates the presence of intra- and inter-dinuclear ferromagnetic interactions, corroborated by DFT calculations.
Alismanoid A, an unprecedented 1,2-seco bisabolene from Alisma orientale, and its protective activity against H2O2-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Yu Zhen-Long , Peng Yu-Lin , Wang Chao , Cao Fei , Huo Xiao-Kui , Tian Xiang-Ge , Feng Lei , Ning Jing , Zhang Bao-Jing , Sun Cheng-Peng , Ma Xiao-Chi
Published: September 2017

A pair of unprecedented 1,2-seco bisabolenes, (8R)-alismanoid A (1a) and (8S)-alismanoid A (1b), were isolated from A. orientale.
Insight into the chemical adsorption properties of CO molecules supported on Au or Cu and hybridized Au–CuO nanoparticles
Authors: Luo Jingjie , Liu Yuefeng , Niu Yiming , Jiang Qian , Huang Rui , Zhang Bingsen , Su Dangsheng
Published: September 2017

Au active sites (Au0–CO and Austep–CO) surrounded by Cu species activate CO molecules at lower temperature. Strong interactions between Au and Cu species suppress the CO adsorption/activation, resulting in dynamic adsorption equilibria at higher temperatures.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of glycopolymers by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) in an emulsion system
Authors: Fan Fei , Cai Chao , Gao Lei , Li Jun , Zhang Ping , Li Guoyun , Li Chunxia , Yu Guangli
Published: September 2017

Well-defined glycopolymers fabricated by microwave-accelerated emulsion polymerization offer promising prospects for deciphering glycan-dependent interactions.
miRNA-21 promotes renal carcinoma cell invasion in a microfluidic device
Authors: Wang Xiaogang , Jin Yiying , Wang Wei , Yu Na , Xiao Xue , Liu Tingjiao , Li Xiancheng
Published: September 2017

MicroRNAs (miR) play important roles in cancer invasion.
Multiphase TiO2nanostructures: a review of efficient synthesis, growth mechanism, probing capabilities, and applications in bio-safety and health
Authors: Verma Rajni , Gangwar Jitendra , Srivastava Avanish K.
Published: September 2017

This review article provides an exhaustive overview of efficient synthesis, growth mechanism and research activities of multiphase TiO2nanostructures to provide their structural, morphological, optical and biological properties co-relations.
NIR light-triggered shrinkable thermoresponsive PNVCL nanoshells for cancer theranostics
Authors: Chauhan Deepak S. , Indulekha S. , Gottipalli Rupesh , Reddy B. Pradeep K. , Chikate Tanmayee R. , Gupta Ramkrishn , Jahagirdar Dushyant N. , Prasad Rajendra , De Abhijit , Srivastava Rohit
Published: September 2017

NIR light-responsive gold coated shrinkable thermoresponsive nanoshells as preliminary step to ablate large and deep-seated tumors using combined chemo-photothermal therapy.
Optimized PAMAM coated magnetic nanoparticles for simultaneous hyperthermic treatment and contrast enhanced MRI diagnosis
Authors: Boni A. , Basini A. M. , Capolupo L. , Innocenti C. , Corti M. , Cobianchi M. , Orsini F. , Guerrini A. , Sangregorio C. , Lascialfari A.
Published: September 2017

We report the synthesis and characterization of multi-functional monodisperse superparamagnetic Magnetic NanoParticles, MNPs, able to act as contrast agents for magnetic resonance and Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia (MFH) mediators.
Spatially-resolved soft materials for controlled release – hybrid hydrogels combining a robust photo-activated polymer gel with an interactive supramolecular gel
Authors: Chivers Phillip R. A. , Smith David K.
Published: September 2017

Self-supporting photo-patterned hybrid gels achieve controlled directional release depending on their surrounding environment.
A new face of phenalenyl-based radicals in the transition metal-free C–H arylation of heteroarenes at room temperature: trapping the radical initiator via C–C σ-bond formation
Authors: Ahmed Jasimuddin , P Sreejyothi , Vijaykumar Gonela , Jose Anex , Raj Manthan , Mandal Swadhin K.
Published: September 2017

The first transition metal-free catalyzed direct C–H arylation of a variety of heteroarenes at room temperature has been reported using a phenalenyl-based radical without employing any photoactivation step.
Ladder-like polysilsesquioxane dielectrics for organic field-effect transistor applications
Authors: Pei Mingyuan , Lee Albert S. , Hwang Seung Sang , Yang Hoichang
Published: September 2017

Ladder-like polysilsesquioxanes with controlled side-substituents were synthesized and optimized as dielectric materials for flexible OFETs.
Double D–π–A branched dyes – a new class of metal-free organic dyes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Meier Herbert , Huang Zu-Sheng , Cao Derong
Published: September 2017

Advantages of the double branched dyes: better fixing, higher loading density, lower aggregation tendency, longer S1 lifetime on the TiO2 surface
Intrinsic magnetism and electronic structure of graphene-like Be3C2 nanoribbons and their Si, Ge analogues: a computational study
Authors: Ding Yi , Wang Yanli
Published: September 2017

Utilizing first-principles calculations, we perform a systematic study on the electronic and magnetic properties of recently proposed graphene-like Be3C2 nanostructures.
Addressing the Needs of Children With Complex Communication Needs and Their Partners in Areas of Poverty: To Haiti and Back
Authors: Gormley Jessica
Published: September 2017

An estimated 1 billion people (15% of the world's population) experience a disability, such as a communication disability. Individuals with disabilities have an increased likelihood of living in poverty and often experience decreased access to medical, educational, and rehabilitation services (Danquah et al., 2014; World Health Organization & The World Bank, 2011) with approximately two-thirds of the world's poor living in low-and middle-income nations such as Haiti (Rank & Yadama, 2007). The aim of this article is to describe augmentative and alternative (AAC) service delivery considerations for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with individuals who live in poverty. Case examples of AAC services within areas of poverty in Haiti and the United States are provided to illustrate practice recommendations. To achieve best-practice standards, SLPs who provide AAC services must consider how poverty might influence a family's socio-historic context, access to resources and services, and community participation goals. Furthermore, it is critical that SLPs recognize individuals' and families' strengths, evaluate the sustainability of AAC services, and work within a team to empower individuals with complex communication needs to participate in desired roles within the community.
Evaluation of high‐voltage AC cable grounding systems based on the real‐time monitoring and theoretical calculation of grounding currents
Authors: Li Zhonglei , Du Boxue , Li Wang
Published: September 2017

For high‐voltage (HV) AC cable transmission systems, the metal sheaths of three separate single‐core cables are cross‐bonded at each end of the cable section, to suppress the induced voltages in sheaths. The status of HV cable grounding systems is, therefore, an important consideration for power utilities. This study presents the status evaluations of 93 cable grounding systems in Beijing, obtained using the standards established by State Grid Corporation of China. As a result, 13 of these systems were classified as abnormal or defective. Additionally, a theoretical calculation of grounding currents was proposed and these 13 systems are re‐evaluated by comparing the calculated and measured values of certain parameters. Based on this work, the authors propose a modified evaluation standards. It is indicated that the absolute value of grounding current (|I|) during a given 24‐hr period has no relationship with the status of grounding system, and the ratio of grounding current to load current (K) at the time of maximum load current could be used as a status indicator instead of K at some other time, in order to avoid possible incorrect evaluations due to light load conditions.