bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repeat hydrography in the Mediterranean Sea, data from the Meteor cruise 84/3 in 2011
Authors: Tanhua T. , Hainbucher D. , Cardin V. , Álvarez M. , Civitarese G.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. Here we report on data from an oceanographic cruise on the German research vessel Meteor covering large parts of the Mediterranean Sea during spring of 2011. The main objectives of this cruise was to conduct measurements of physical, chemical and biological variables on a section across the Mediterranean Sea with the goal of producing a synoptic picture of the distribution of relevant physical and biogeochemical properties, in order to compare those to historic data sets. During the cruise, a comprehensive data set of relevant variables following the guide lines for repeat hydrography outlined by the GO-SHIP group (http://www.go-ship.org/) was collected. The measurements include; salinity and temperature (CTD), an over-determined carbonate system, inorganic nutrients, oxygen, transient tracers (CFC-12, SF6), Helium isotopes and tritium, and carbon isotopes. The cruise sampled all major basins of the Mediterranean Sea following roughly an east-to-west section from the coast of Lebanon to through the Strait of Gibraltar, and to the coast of Portugal. Also a south-to-north section from the Ionian Sea to the Adriatic Sea was carried out. Additionally, sampling in the Aegean, Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas were carried out. The sections roughly followed lines and positions that have been sampled previously during other programs, thus providing the opportunity for comparative investigations of the temporal development of various parameters.
Potential and limitations of multidecadal satellite soil moisture observations for climate model evaluation studies
Authors: Loew A. , Stacke T. , Dorigo W. , de Jeu R. , Hagemann S.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. Soil moisture is an essential climate variable of major importance for land-atmosphere interactions and global hydrology. An appropriate representation of soil moisture dynamics in global climate models is therefore important. Recently, a first multidecadal, observational based soil moisture data set has become available that provides information on soil moisture dynamics from satellite observations (ECVSM). The present study investigates the potential and limitations of this new dataset for several applications for climate model evaluation. We compare soil moisture data from satellite observations, reanalysis data and simulation results from a state-of-the-art climate model and analyze relationships between soil moisture and precipitation anomalies in the different datasets. In a detailed regional study, we show that ECVSM is capable to capture well interannual and intraannual soil moisture and precipitation dynamics in the Sahelian region. Current deficits of the new dataset are critically discussed and summarized at the end of the paper to provide guidance for an appropriate usage of the ECVSM dataset for climate studies.
Ionic Dialysance and Determination of Kt/V in on-line Hemodiafiltration with Simultaneous Pre- and Post-dilution
Authors: Créput Caroline , Toledano Daniel , Petitclerc Thierry
Published: March 2013

Purpose

A direct determination of Kt/V using ionic dialysance for estimating K and bio-impedancemetry for estimating V is compared with the usual indirect estimation based on the second generation Daugirdas equation during a new technique of hemodiafiltration with simultaneous pre- and postdilution (mixed-HDF).

Methods

In 31 informed consented patients, the urea distribution volume (V) is estimated by total body water (VBCM) measured by the Body Composition Monitor (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany) based on bio-impedance spectroscopy. The value (KOCM t)/VBCM is calculated during 114 mixed-HDF sessions (duration 4 hours) from the measurement of ionic dialysance KOCM by the OCM module, standard on the 5008 dialysis monitor (Fresenius Medical Care, Germany). The single pool (Kt/V)sp is determined from blood urea concentration measurements using the Daugirdas equation.

Results

Mixed-HDF is a very high-efficiency hemodialysis with a delivered dialysis dose Kt/V near from 2 per 4-hour session. (KOCM t)/VBCM (1.97 ± 0.28) is consistent with (Kt/V)sp (2.01 ± 0.34) with a correlation coefficient at 0.72.

Conclusions

Direct calculation of Kt/V from estimating K by OCM and V by BCM is consistent with the usual indirect estimation by the second generation Daugirdas equation. Therefore, the regular determination of V by BCM allows the estimation of single-pool Kt/V at each session without the need of blood sampling.
Prevalence and Morbidity Data on Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Two Rural Areas of Jequitinhonha and Rio Doce Valleys in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Conceição Maria José , Carlôto Aline Eduardo , de Melo Eric Vinaud , da Silva Iran Mendonça , Coura José Rodrigues
Published: March 2013

Objective. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and morbidity data on Schistosoma mansoni infection in two rural areas: the Jequitinhonha valley (area 1) and the Rio Doce valley (area 2) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, covering the period from 2007 to 2010. Material and Methods. The parasitological stool tests were based on the quantitative method of Kato modified by Katz et al. Three clinical forms were considered: type I—schistosomiasis infection, type II—hepatointestinal form, and type III—hepatosplenic form. Results. The prevalence of infection among inhabitants of area 1 was 22.9%, with 2.1% presenting the hepatosplenic form and two cases of schistosomal myeloradiculopathy. The infection prevalence rate in area 2 was 20.2%, with 3.3% presenting the hepatosplenic form. Conclusion and Recommendation. There was no difference in the prevalence and in the morbidity of Schistosoma mansoni infection between the two areas, but it was predominant in young men with a low intensity of infection. The cases of schistosomal myeloradiculopathy in area 1 can be highlighted: these emphasize that schistosomiasis should not be neglected in Brazil. The lack of infection control in both areas may be related to the poor sanitation system, the absence of previous treatment, and the reinfection process.
Mouse Colony Data Management
Authors: Donnelly Charles J. , Bult Carol J.
Published: March 2013

In this unit we discuss the importance of implementing a data management system for research animal colonies. We focus on drivers such as ethical considerations, cost, and data integrity. We also discuss keys to effective data management and important considerations for adopting or building a data management system, and present an overview of some of the currently available colony and laboratory data management systems. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 3:1‐8 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Acute Asthma Models to Ovalbumin in the Mouse
Authors: Daubeuf François , Frossard Nelly
Published: March 2013

Human asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Animal models are required to study asthma pathophysiology and identify and/or evaluate new therapeutic strategies. Several models of asthma have been developed in mice to mimic asthma symptoms, and can be divided in two groups as acute and chronic models. They are characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and remodeling. Several experimental procedures have been implemented, the one mostly used being acute asthma models to ovalbumin. It comprises a sensitization step in the presence of aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant, and a second step where mice are challenged with the allergen introduced directly into the airways to induce the modeled asthma features. This article describes procedures to efficiently and reproducibly obtain acute asthma features in mice, with ovalbumin as the allergen, which allow group comparisons and/or assessment of the activity of drug candidates. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 3:31‐37 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Realizing the Potential of ZnO with Alternative Non‐Metallic Co‐Dopants as Electrode Materials for Small Molecule Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Kim Yong Hyun , Kim Jin Soo , Kim Won Mok , Seong Tae‐Yeon , Lee Jonghee , Müller‐Meskamp Lars , Leo Karl
Published: March 2013

High performance indium tin oxide (ITO)‐free small molecule organic solar cells and organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are demonstrated using optimized ZnO electrodes with alternative non‐metallic co‐dopants. The co‐doping of hydrogen and fluorine reduces the metal content of ZnO thin films, resulting in a low absorption coefficient, a high transmittance, and a low refractive index as well as the high conductivity, which are needed for the application in organic solar cells and OLEDs. While the established metal‐doped ZnO films have good electrical and optical properties, their application in organic devices is not as efficient as other alternative electrode approaches. The optimized ZnO electrodes presented here are employed in organic solar cells as well as OLEDs and allow not only the replacement of ITO, but also significantly improve the efficiency compared to lab‐standard ITO. The enhanced performance is attributed to outstanding optical properties and spontaneously nanostructured surfaces of the ZnO films with non‐metallic co‐dopants and their straightforward integration with molecular doping technology, which avoids several common drawbacks of ZnO electrodes. The observations show that optimized ZnO films with non‐metallic co‐dopants are a promising and competitive electrode for low‐cost and high performance organic solar cells and OLEDs.
Acrylonitrile copolymers containing guanidine oligomer: Synthesis and use for the preparation of nonleaching antimicrobial acrylic fibers
Authors: Wei Da‐Fu , Zhou Ri‐Hui , Zhang You‐Wei , Guan Yong , Zheng An‐Na
Published: March 2013

Nonleaching acrylic fibers with permanent antibacterial activity were prepared via a combination of copolymerization and a wet‐blend‐spinning method. Specifically, poly[acrylonitrile‐co‐modified poly(hexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride)] [poly(AN‐co‐M‐PHMG)] copolymers containing a covalently connected antibacterial guanidine oligomer were first synthesized via the precipitation copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) with a modified poly(hexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride) (M‐PHMG) macromonomer in water. Then, modified acrylic fibers were prepared from a mixture of the copolymer and commercial fiber‐grade AN terpolymer via a wet‐spinning process with dimethyl sulfoxide as the solvent. The influences of the reaction time, temperature, pH value of the medium, and amount of initiator on the copolymerization and the effect of the copolymer content on the mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of the modified acrylic fibers were investigated in detail. The results show that the M‐PHMG macromonomer exhibited a lower reactivity than AN. The poly(AN‐co‐M‐PHMG) copolymer with a PHMG content of 5.49% and an intrinsic viscosity of 11.2 dL/g could be synthesized under optimized conditions. With increasing copolymer content, the tensile strength of the modified acrylic fibers decreased slightly, and the antibacterial activity increased. The modified acrylic fibers with a copolymer content of 50% (i.e., a PHMG content of 2.75%) exhibited both good mechanical properties and excellent antibacterial activity. The additional antibacterial function would surely enlarge the applications of the fiber. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of phosphorylated nata‐de‐coco for polymer electrolyte membrane applications
Authors: Radiman Cynthia Linaya , Rifathin Annisa
Published: March 2013

Fuel cells are being developed to overcome the global energy crisis. The objective of this research is to prepare an environmental‐friendly and cheap material as the polymer electrolyte membrane. Coconut water was fermented by Acetobacter xylinum to produce nata‐de‐coco and the phosphorylation was carried out by microwave‐assisted reaction. The resulting membranes are characterized by ion exchange capacity, contact angle, proton conductivity, swelling index, methanol permeability, mechanical properties measurement and morphological analysis. At the optimum phosphorylation condition using 17.35 mmol of phosphoric acid, membrane showed a proton conductivity of 1.2 × 10−2 S/cm and a methanol permeability of 2.3 × 10−6 cm2/s. The tensile strength of the produced membranes increases significantly and the arrangement of the cellulosic fibers are kept well‐aligned. It is concluded that a green and sustainable natural resources can be used for preparing electrolyte membrane. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
FTY720 Ameliorates Murine Sclerodermatous Chronic Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease by Promoting Expansion of Splenic Regulatory Cells and Inhibiting Immune Cell Infiltration Into Skin
Authors: Huu Doanh Le , Matsushita Takashi , Jin Guihua , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Hasegawa Minoru , Takehara Kazuhiko , Fujimoto Manabu
Published: March 2013

Objective

Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) exerts a variety of activities in immune, inflammatory, and vascular systems. S1P plays an important role in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis. Regulation of S1P in fibrotic diseases as well as in SSc was recently reported. FTY720, an oral S1P receptor modulator, has been shown to be a useful agent for the prevention of transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases. Murine sclerodermatous chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is a model for human sclerodermatous chronic GVHD and SSc. We undertook this study to investigate the effects of FTY720 in murine sclerodermatous chronic GVHD.

Methods

FTY720 was orally administered to allogeneic recipient mice from day 0 to day 20 (short‐term, early‐treatment group), from day 0 to day 42 (full‐term, early‐treatment group), or from day 22 to day 42 (delayed‐treatment group) after bone marrow transplantation.

Results

Delayed administration of FTY720 attenuated, and early administration of FTY720 inhibited, the severity and fibrosis in murine sclerodermatous chronic GVHD. With early treatment, FTY720 induced expansion of splenic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, Treg cells, and Breg cells. Vascular damage in chronic GVHD was inhibited by FTY720 through down‐regulating serum levels of S1P and soluble E‐selectin. FTY720 inhibited infiltration of immune cells into skin. Moreover, FTY720 diminished the expression of messenger RNA for monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, RANTES, tumor necrosis factor α, interferon‐γ, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐10, IL‐17A, and transforming growth factor β1 in the skin.

Conclusion

FTY720 suppressed the immune response by promoting the expansion of regulatory cells and reducing vascular damage and infiltration of immune cells into the skin. Taken together, these results have important implications for the potential use of FTY720 in the treatment of sclerodermatous chronic GVHD and SSc in humans.
Enhanced Rho‐Associated Protein Kinase Activation in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Isgro Josephine , Gupta Sanjay , Jacek Elzbieta , Pavri Tanya , Duculan Roland , Kim Mimi , Kirou Kyriakos A. , Salmon Jane E. , Pernis Alessandra B.
Published: March 2013

Objective

Rho‐associated protein kinases (ROCKs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disorders. We recently showed that ROCKs could regulate the differentiation of murine Th17 cells and the production of interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) and IL‐21, two cytokines associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal of this study was to assess ROCK activation in human Th17 cells and to evaluate ROCK activity in SLE patients.

Methods

An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)–based ROCK activity assay was used to evaluate ROCK activity in human cord blood CD4+ T cells differentiated under Th0 or Th17 conditions. We then performed a cross‐sectional analysis of 28 SLE patients and 25 healthy matched controls. ROCK activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates was determined by ELISA. Cytokine and chemokine profiles were analyzed by ELISA.

Results

Human cord blood CD4+ T cells differentiated under Th17 conditions expressed higher levels of ROCK activity than did CD4+ T cells stimulated under Th0 conditions. Production of IL‐17 and IL‐21 was inhibited by the addition of a ROCK inhibitor. SLE PBMCs expressed significantly higher levels of ROCK activity than did healthy control PBMCs (1.25 versus 0.56; P = 0.0015). Sixteen SLE patients (57%) expressed high levels of ROCK (optical density at 450 nm >1). Disease duration, lymphocyte count, and azathioprine use were shown to be significant independent predictors of ROCK activity in multivariable analyses.

Conclusion

Consistent with previous results in the murine system, increased ROCK activation was associated with Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, enhanced ROCK activity was observed in a subgroup of SLE patients. These data support the concept that the ROCK pathway could represent an important therapeutic target for SLE.
Familial Mediterranean Fever in Heterozygotes: Are We Able to Accurately Diagnose the Disease in Very Young Children?
Authors: Hentgen Véronique , Grateau Gilles , Stankovic‐Stojanovic Katia , Amselem Serge , Jéru Isabelle
Published: March 2013

Objective

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal‐recessive autoinflammatory disease due to mutations in MEFV. Descriptions of disease manifestations among patients carrying a single mutated MEFV allele are becoming more frequent, although no data are available on the long‐term outcome. We undertook this study to assess the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in children carrying a single mutated MEFV allele with symptoms of recurrent autoinflammatory disorder.

Methods

We performed a retrospective single‐center study of 33 patients with autoinflammatory disorders age <6 years at disease onset with 1 mutated MEFV allele. The phenotype of the patients was investigated in detail, and the clinical picture and outcome of 18 patients with an initial FMF diagnosis according to current clinical criteria were compared to those of 25 homozygous or compound heterozygous FMF patients.

Results

No major differences in presenting signs or initial response to colchicine were observed between patient groups. During followup, heterozygotes had a milder disease course compared to homozygotes and were less prone than homozygotes to experience new clinical signs of FMF. At puberty, clinical signs of FMF completely disappeared in 5 of 18 heterozygotes, allowing them to discontinue colchicine without recurrence of symptoms or increases in inflammatory marker levels.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that the clinical diagnosis of FMF in very young heterozygous children should be made with caution. At this young age they can present with an FMF‐like disease—similar to that seen in patients carrying 2 mutated alleles—that is not necessarily predictive of life‐long illness.
In Situ Analysis of Interleukin–23– and Interleukin‐12–Positive Cells in the Spine of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Appel Heiner , Maier Rene , Bleil Janine , Hempfing Axel , Loddenkemper Christoph , Schlichting Uwe , Syrbe Uta , Sieper Joachim
Published: March 2013

Objective

The interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) family of cytokines has been suggested to play a critical role in inflammatory autoimmune diseases, and recent studies analyzing peripheral blood and synovial fluid from patients with spondyloarthritides suggest that IL‐23 might be a proinflammatory factor in these disorders. This study was undertaken to investigate the presence and source of IL‐23 in the spines of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods

The frequency of IL‐23–positive and IL‐12–positive cells within the subchondral bone marrow and within fibrous tissue replacing normal bone marrow in facet joints of patients with AS was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The origin of IL‐23–positive cells was determined by double staining of CD163+ macrophages, CD68+ macrophages, CD1a+ dendritic cells, tryptase‐positive mast cells, myeloperoxidase‐positive cells, CD20+ B cells, and CD3+ T cells. Findings in 28 facet joints from 22 AS patients were compared with those in 20 facet joints from 13 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 10 normal control specimens.

Results

The frequency of IL‐23–positive cells in subchondral bone marrow from the joints of AS patients (mean ± SD 42.50 ± 32.81/high‐power field [hpf]) was significantly increased compared to that in subchondral bone marrow from OA patients (OA 15.63 ± 29.90/hpf) (P = 0.0017) or controls (19.36 ± 16.8/hpf) (P = 0.03). Myeloperoxidase‐positive cells and, to a lesser extent, macrophages and dendritic cells were found to be the origin of IL‐23 in the bone marrow. In AS and OA patients, the frequency of IL‐23–positive cells was significantly higher than that of IL‐12–positive cells (P < 0.001 in both patient groups). Within fibrous tissue from AS and OA facet joints, IL‐23 was predominantly produced by CD163+ macrophages (mean ± SD 0.64 ± 0.59/hpf and 4.36 ± 3.4/hpf, respectively) and CD68+ macrophages (2.3 ± 0.65/hpf and 6.54 ± 4.1/hpf, respectively).

Conclusion

IL‐23 is expressed in the subchondral bone marrow and in fibrous tissue replacing bone marrow in facet joints of patients with AS. It might have a role in inflammatory processes and in chronic changes in AS joints, which makes it an interesting potential therapeutic target in this disease.
The value of neurosurgical and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging tractography in clinically integrated neuroanatomy modules: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Familiari Giuseppe , Relucenti Michela , Heyn Rosemarie , Baldini Rossella , D'Andrea Giancarlo , Familiari Pietro , Bozzao Alessandro , Raco Antonino
Published: March 2013

Neuroanatomy is considered to be one of the most difficult anatomical subjects for students. To provide motivation and improve learning outcomes in this area, clinical cases and neurosurgical images from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractographies produced using an intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (MRI/DTI) were presented and discussed during integrated second‐year neuroanatomy, neuroradiology, and neurosurgery lectures over the 2008–2011 period. Anonymous questionnaires, evaluated according to the Likert scale, demonstrated that students appreciated this teaching procedure. Academic performance (examination grades for neuroanatomy) of the students who attended all integrated lectures of neuroanatomy, was slightly though significantly higher compared to that of students who attended these lectures only occasionally or not at all (P=0.04). Significantly better results were obtained during the national progress test (focusing on morphology) by students who attended the MRI/DTI‐assisted lectures, compared to those who did so only in part or not at all, compared to the average student participating in the national test. These results were obtained by students attending the second, third and, in particular, the fourth year (P≤0.0001) courses during the three academic years mentioned earlier. This integrated neuroanatomy model can positively direct students in the direction of their future professional careers without any extra expense to the university. In conclusion, interactive learning tools, such as lectures integrated with intraoperative MRI/DTI images, motivate students to study and enhance their neuroanatomy education. Anat Sci Educ 6: 294–306. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.
The relative effectiveness of computer‐based and traditional resources for education in anatomy
Authors: Khot Zaid , Quinlan Kaitlyn , Norman Geoffrey R. , Wainman Bruce
Published: March 2013

There is increasing use of computer–based resources to teach anatomy, although no study has compared computer‐based learning to traditional. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of three formats of anatomy learning: (1) a virtual reality (VR) computer‐based module, (2) a static computer‐based module providing Key Views (KV), (3) a plastic model. We conducted a controlled trial in which 60 undergraduate students had ten minutes to study the names of 20 different pelvic structures. The outcome measure was a 25 item short answer test consisting of 15 nominal and 10 functional questions, based on a cadaveric pelvis. All subjects also took a brief mental rotations test (MRT) as a measure of spatial ability, used as a covariate in the analysis. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. The group learning from the model performed significantly better than the other two groups on the nominal questions (Model 67%; KV 40%; VR 41%, Effect size 1.19 and 1.29, respectively). There was no difference between the KV and VR groups. There was no difference between the groups on the functional questions (Model 28%; KV, 23%, VR 25%). Computer‐based learning resources appear to have significant disadvantages compared to traditional specimens in learning nominal anatomy. Consistent with previous research, virtual reality shows no advantage over static presentation of key views. Anat Sci Educ 6: 211–215. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.
Use of individual feedback during human gross anatomy course for enhancing professional behaviors in doctor of physical therapy students
Authors: Youdas James W. , Krause David A. , Hellyer Nathan J. , Rindflesch Aaron B. , Hollman John H.
Published: March 2013

Medical professionals and public consumers expect that new physical therapy graduates possess cognitive, technical, and behavioral skills required to provide safe and high‐quality care to patients. The purpose of this study was to determine if a repertoire of ten professional behaviors assessed at the beginning of doctorate of physical therapy education and before the first significant clinical internship could be enhanced in a semester course in gross human anatomy using individual formative feedback. During the human anatomy course, 28 first‐year physical therapy students completed six biweekly, anonymous self‐ and peer assessment surveys that targeted ten professional behaviors important to physical therapists. All professional behaviors were assessed using a five‐point Likert scale. Feedback reports occurred at week eight (mid‐semester) and week 16 (end‐of‐semester) and comprised the direct intervention components of this study. At the midpoint of the semester, professional behavior scores and narrative comments from weeks two, four, and six were compiled and shared with each student by one of three faculty members in a feedback session. Students then submitted biweekly self‐and peer professional behavior assessments (weeks 10, 12, and 14) for the remainder of the human anatomy course. Differences between preintervention and postintervention scores for each of the ten professional behaviors were compared using the Wilcoxon signed‐ranks test. Upon receiving mid‐semester individual feedback, students demonstrated significant improvement in each of the ten professional behaviors. Results from this study indicated a gross anatomy laboratory dissection experience during the first academic semester provided an effective opportunity for teaching and assessing professional behaviors of doctoral students in physical therapy. Anat Sci Educ 6: 324–331. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.
Structural Tailoring Effects on the Magnetic Behavior of Symmetric and Asymmetric Cubane‐Type Ni complexes
Authors: Ponomaryov Alexey N. , Kim Namseok , Hwang Jaewon , Nojiri Hiroyuki , van Tol Johan , Ozarowski Andrew , Park Jena , Jang Zeehoon , Suh Byoungjin , Yoon Sungho , Choi Kwang‐Yong
Published: March 2013

Using two kinds of carboxylate ligands with small but significant differences in steric size, symmetric and asymmetric FeII and NiII cubanes have been synthesized in a controlled fashion. Fast sweeping pulsed field measurements showed magnetization hysteresis loops for two cubane‐type molecular complexes, [Ni4(μ‐OMe)4(O2CAr4F‐Ph)4(HOMe)8] and [Ni4(μ‐OMe)4(O2CArTol)4(HOMe)6], thus suggesting single‐molecule magnet behavior. To differentiate the magnetic properties between the symmetric and asymmetric cubanes, detailed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements were performed. From the EPR data, taken at various frequencies and temperatures, zero‐field splitting parameters D, E, and other higher‐order parameters for both cubane samples were extracted. Compared to the symmetric Ni‐cubane, the asymmetric one shows an increase in the D and E values by about 20 %, thereby suggesting structural engineering effects on the magnetic properties. By using the magnetic parameters determined by EPR, a static magnetization curve at 2 K and a temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility were simulated. A good agreement between theoretical and experimental data confirms the validity of the values obtained from EPR measurements.
Passivity Based Attitude Control of Rigid Bodies
Authors: Wang Hanlei , Xie Yongchun
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we present a tutorial on passivity based attitude control that has been investigated over the past two decades. Both regulation control and adaptive tracking control for the attitude motion of rigid bodies are discussed under a unified passivity framework. Our attention is mainly confined to the attitude control schemes that are based on the passivity notion. Output feedback attitude control, attitude synchronization, and some open problems are also discussed.
Transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs): A highly efficient and versatile tool for genome editing
Authors: Sun Ning , Zhao Huimin
Published: March 2013

Transcription activator‐like effector (TALE) nucleases (TALENs) have recently emerged as a revolutionary genome editing tool in many different organisms and cell types. The site‐specific chromosomal double‐strand breaks introduced by TALENs significantly increase the efficiency of genomic modification. The modular nature of the TALE central repeat domains enables researchers to tailor DNA recognition specificity with ease and target essentially any desired DNA sequence. Here, we comprehensively review the development of TALEN technology in terms of scaffold optimization, DNA recognition, and repeat array assembly. In addition, we provide some perspectives on the future development of this technology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1811–1821. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Predicted Lithium—Boron Compounds under High Pressure.
Authors: Peng Feng , Miao Maosheng , Wang Hui , Li Quan , Ma Yanming
Published: March 2013

The existence of Li3B2, Li2B, Li4B, and Li6B that might be experimentally synthesizable over a wide range of pressures is predicted by an unbiased structure search method based on particle‐swarm optimization algorithms in combination with DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: The Elusive Halides VCl5, MoCl6, and ReCl6.
Authors: Tamadon Farhad , Seppelt Konrad
Published: March 2013

The thermally unstable title compounds are prepared by metathesis reaction of the corresponding fluorides with BCl3 at ‐78°C.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutron Diffraction and Observation of Superconductivity for Tungsten Borides, WB and W2B4.
Authors: Kayhan Mehmet , Hildebrandt Erwin , Frotscher Michael , Senyshyn Anatoliy , Hofmann Kathrin , Alff Lambert , Albert Barbara
Published: March 2013

The title compounds are investigated by neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis of Nickel Ferrite for Photocatalytic Water Oxidation Using [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and S2O82‐.
Authors: Hong Dachao , Yamada Yusuke , Nagatomi Takaharu , Takai Yoshizo , Fukuzumi Shunichi
Published: March 2013

NiFe2O4 is an excellent catalyst for photocatalytic water oxidation with Na2S2O8 as a sacrificial oxidant and [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a photosensitizer.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Conformational Variability in Main Group Inorganic Chemistry: The Tetraazidoarsenite and ‐Antimonite Salts A+[M(N3)4]‐ (A: NMe4, PPh4, (Ph3P)2N; M: As, Sb), Five Similar Salts, Five Different Anion Structures.
Authors: Haiges Ralf , Rahm Martin , Christe Karl O.
Published: March 2013

Compounds (IVa—f) (syntheses yields given in g) are characterized by single crystal XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkaline‐Earth Hexaborides, MB6 (M: Ca, Ba, Sr), by a Solid State Metathesis (SSM) Reaction.
Authors: Aprea Alessia , Maspero Angelo , Albisetti Alessandro Figini , Giunchi Giovanni
Published: March 2013

The title compounds are prepared by solid state metathesis reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of MCl2 (M: Ca, Ba, Sr) and MgB2 (quartz tube, 850—900 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stoichiometric and Bulk CrN Through a Solid‐State Ion‐Exchange Reaction.
Authors: Chen Miao , Wang Shanmin , Zhang Jianzhong , He Duanwei , Zhao Yusheng
Published: March 2013

Phase‐pure, stoichiometric, and well‐crystallized bulk CrN is prepared from powders of Na2CrO4 and hexagonal BN in a molar ratio of 1:2 by a solid state ion‐exchange route under high pressure (5 GPa, 1200 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Layered Hybrid Selenoantimonates with Reduced Thermal Conductivity.
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chu , Yao Hongbin , Thiagarajan Suraj , Wu Min , Emge Thomas J. , Yang Ronggui , Yu Shuhong , Li Jing
Published: March 2013

The new compounds (III), (VI), and (VIII) are characterized by single crystal XRD, UV/VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermal property measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Hydrogenation Catalysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
Authors: Segawa Yasutomo , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: March 2013

The first metal‐free hydrogenation of anthracene derivatives (I) and (III), tetracene (VI) and tetraphene (VIII) using a combination of B(C6F5) and PPh2C6F5 as catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,5‐Migration of Rhodium via C—H Bond Activation in Catalytic Decyanative Silylation of Nitriles.
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Hasegawa Junya , Kita Yusuke , Kinuta Hirotaka , Chatani Naoto
Published: March 2013

The Rh‐catalyzed decyanative silylation of nitriles (I) and (V) leads to a mixture of two products as a result of a rhodium 1,5‐migration.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Hydrogenation and Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Various Organic Substrates Using a Reusable Polymer‐Anchored Palladium(II) Schiff Base Complex.
Authors: Islam Sk. Manirul , Roy Anupam Singha , Mondal Paramita , Salam Noor
Published: March 2013

The newly synthesized polymer‐anchored complex PPC is an efficient and highly recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for liquid‐phase hydrogenation reactions at atmospheric pressure and Suzuki cross coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanosynthesis of Amides in the Total Absence of Organic Solvent from Reaction to Product Recovery.
Authors: Metro Thomas‐Xavier , Bonnamour Julien , Reidon Thomas , Sarpoulet Jordi , Martinez Jean , Lamaty Frederic
Published: March 2013

A fast and efficient mechanochemical approach for the synthesis of carboxylic amides in the total absence of any organic solvent is realized and successfully applied to the preparation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient teriflunomide (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Coupling Reaction of Magnesium Alkylidene Carbenoids with α‐Sulfonylallyllithiums: An Efficient Route to Multi‐Substituted Vinylallenes.
Authors: Kimura Tsutomu , Kobayashi Gen , Ishigaki Masashi , Inumura Mio , Sakurada Jo , Satoh Tsuyoshi
Published: March 2013

The method allows a ready access to various highly unsaturated title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Ring‐Rearrangement Metathesis to Set the Stereochemistry of All‐Carbon Quaternary Centers.
Authors: Li Jingwei , Lee Daesung
Published: March 2013

Cyclohexene derivatives are synthesized mostly with excellent diastereoselectivities by ring‐rearrangement metathesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Monocyclic Eight‐Membered Rings: Intermolecular Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [6 + 2] Cycloaddition of 4‐Allenals with Alkynes.
Authors: Oonishi Yoshihiro , Hosotani Akihito , Sato Yoshihiro
Published: March 2013

The method allows the synthesis of a broad spectrum of the desired target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Controlled Regioselectivity in the Synthesis of Branched Conjugated Dienes via Aerobic Oxidative Heck Reactions.
Authors: Zheng Changwu , Wang Dian , Stahl Shannon S.
Published: March 2013

The present regioselectivity is opposite to that traditionally observed for Heck reactions between a vinyl bromide and an alkene.
ChemInform Abstract: Anomalous (Z)‐Isomer Content in Wittig Reaction Products from Keto‐Stabilized Ylides with ortho‐Heteroatom‐Substituted Benzaldehydes.
Authors: Byrne Peter A. , Higham Lee J. , McGovern Padraic , Gilheany Declan G.
Published: March 2013

The title reaction shows an anomalous increase of (Z)‐product compared to benzaldehyde (IIa) or 2‐methylbenzaldehyde (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Aluminum Triflate as a Powerful Catalyst for Direct Amination of Alcohols, Including Electron‐Withdrawing Group‐Substituted Benzhydrols.
Authors: Ohshima Takashi , Ipposhi Junji , Nakahara Yasuhito , Shibuya Ryozo , Mashima Kazushi
Published: March 2013

This method provides an efficient direct amination of allylic and benzylic alcohols as well as benzhydrols.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Tridentate P,N,N Ligands for Highly Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Propargylic Amination with both Primary and Secondary Amines as Nucleophiles.
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wang Ya‐Hui , Hu Xin‐Hu , Zheng Zhuo , Xu Jie , Hu Xiang‐Ping
Published: March 2013

This is the first example for catalytic systems which can be used for the enantioselective propargylic amination of both primary and secondary amines with aromatic as well as aliphatic propargylic acetates.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Tethered Ruthenium Catalysts to Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones, and the Selective Hydrogenation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Wills Martin , et al. et al.
Published: March 2013

Chiral catalyst (I) is effective for the asymmetric hydrogenation of a variety of ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Oxyarylation of Alkenes with Aryl Diazonium Salts and TEMPONa.
Authors: Hartmann Marcel , Li Yi , Studer Armido
Published: March 2013

The present new, mild, easy, and scalable title reaction using the readily available TEMPONa shows broad functional group compatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Michael Addition Induced by the Anion of an Imidazolium Salt.
Authors: Gauchot Vincent , Gravel Julien , Schmitzer Andreea R.
Published: March 2013

For the first time catalytic Michael addition using a catalyst involving the anion of an ionic liquid is disclosed.
ChemInform Abstract: Sc(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Thiosulfonates in Ionic Liquid—Water.
Authors: Liang Gaigai , Chen Jing , Chen Jiali , Li Wanmei , Chen Jiuxi , Wu Huayue
Published: March 2013

The method for the synthesis of various sulfenylating agents of type (III) and (VI) represents an interesting alternative to known procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: o‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid Mediated Oxidative Condensation: Synthesis of Guanidines Using 1,3‐Disubstituted Thiourea Precursors.
Authors: Dangate Prasad S. , Akamanchi Krishnacharya G.
Published: March 2013

Ammonia or amines can be used under mild conditions with IBX as the oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Stereoselective Hydromagnesiation of Diarylalkynes and Diynes.
Authors: Ilies Laurean , Yoshida Takumi , Nakamura Eiichi
Published: March 2013

An important feature of the title reaction is the tolerance of halides including bromide and iodide.
ChemInform Abstract: PEG‐4000‐Promoted Palladium‐Catalyzed N‐Allylation in Water: Aminonaphthalene as an Example.
Authors: Shih Chun‐Jen , Shue Yi‐Jen , Yang Shiang‐Yu , Yang Shyh‐Chyun
Published: March 2013

Addition of polyethylene glycol 4000 provides a significant improvement of the recently published protocol for N‐(mono)allylation of 1‐aminonaphthalene.
ChemInform Abstract: Calcium‐Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation.
Authors: Diba Anastasie Kena , Begouin Jeanne‐Marie , Niggemann Meike
Published: March 2013

The suitability of the mixed catalyst for the intramolecular hydroxyalkylation of a variety of structurally diverse substrates is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Cyclization of 1‐Bromoallyl Bromides with Anilines Leading to 1‐Aryl‐1H‐pyrrol‐2(5H)‐ones.
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Son Jong Ik , Yoon Nam Sik
Published: March 2013

The method is applied to the construction of the pyrroles fused to the rings containing up to 12 carbon atoms.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper‐Catalyzed Arylation of Tryptamines for the Direct Synthesis of Aryl Pyrroloindolines.
Authors: Kieffer Madeleine E. , Chuang Kangway V. , Reisman Sarah E.
Published: March 2013

An operationally simple, copper‐catalyzed arylation of N‐tosyltryptamines provides direct access to C3‐aryl pyrroloindolines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Organocatalyzed Michael Addition of Pyrazolines to α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Xie Chen , Lu Zhijin , Zhou Wei , Han Jianlin , Pan Yi
Published: March 2013

The DBU‐promoted cascade reaction with α,β‐unsaturated ketones or esters results in formation of mono‐and bis‐adducts which can be easily separated by column chromatography.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazoles by PIDA‐Promoted Direct C(sp2)—H Imidation of N‐Arylamidines.
Authors: Huang Jinbo , He Yimiao , Wang Yong , Zhu Qiang
Published: March 2013

This is an intramolecular method for the preparation of both 2‐arylbenzimidazoles and 2‐alkylbenzimidazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization—Cycloaddition Cascade Reactions of Allenyl Acetals with Nitrones.
Authors: Vasu Dhananjayan , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: March 2013

Under the present conditions allenyl acetals react as 1,2‐dipole equivalents and undergo [3+2]‐cycloadditions to nitrones.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient and Green Synthesis of Some Novel 4‐Thiazolidinones and New 2,4‐Disubstituted Thiazoles with Tetrahydro Carbazole Pendant.
Authors: Gautam Deepika , Gautam Poonam , Chaudhary Ram P.
Published: March 2013

Molten ionic liquid, used for the preparation of (III) and (V), can be reused for two more cycles without affecting the yield of the products.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient One‐Pot Two‐Step Synthesis of 1,3‐Thiazoles via Organocatalyzed Epoxidation of Nitroolefins.
Authors: Wei Shengwei , Weiss Katharina M. , Tsogoeva Svetlana B.
Published: March 2013

The DBU‐catalyzed epoxidation of nitroolefins is followed by reaction of the resulting epoxides with thioamides to produce thiazole derivatives in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Convenient Synthesis of Benzodithiazoles by Oxidative Cyclization of Bis(thiobenzanilides).
Authors: Hassan Zahid , Langer Peter
Published: March 2013

The use of BTD under the conditions shown is optimal for the preparation of the biologically important scaffold (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Pivalic Acid/Copper Chloride Jointly Promoted Chlorination of 1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Menendez Christophe , Saffon Nathalie , Lherbet Christian , Baltas Michel
Published: March 2013

1,4‐Disubstituted triazoles can be chlorinated at the 5‐position using copper chloride as the halogen source and pivalic acid as an additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of Methyl 3‐Acyl‐6‐amino‐4‐aryl‐5‐cyano‐4H‐pyran‐2‐carboxylates.
Authors: Sheverdov V. P. , Andreev A. Yu. , Ershov O. V. , Nasakin O. E. , Tafeenko V. A. , Gein V. L.
Published: March 2013

Base‐catalyzed reactions of arylidenemalononitriles with 2,4‐dioxobutanoates (I) offer a new and convenient access to the title pyrancarboxylates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxygenated 4‐Arylisoflavans and 4‐Arylflavans.
Authors: Deodhar Mandar , Wood Kasey , StC Black David , Kumar Naresh
Published: March 2013

A simple protocol allows the arylation of the isoflavon‐4‐ol mixture (I) to give 4‐arylated products (III) with trans diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Heterogeneous Catalysis for a Regioselective Three‐Component Synthesis of Bi‐ and Tri(hetero)arylpyridines.
Authors: Allais Christophe , Lieby‐Muller Frederic , Constantieux Thierry , Rodriguez Jean
Published: March 2013

The reaction of activated Michael acceptors, 1,3‐dicarbonyl derivatives and ammonium acetate allows for the preparation of a library of highly substituted bi‐ and tri(hetero)aryl pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed C6‐Propenylation Reactions of Substituted Pyridine Derivatives: Directed and Direct C—H Activation.
Authors: Goriya Yogesh , Ramana Chepuri V.
Published: March 2013

This provides a method to effect either C6‐propenylation of 2‐substituted pyridines, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidative Olefination and Arylation of 2‐Pyridones.
Authors: Chen Yuye , Wang Fen , Jia Aiqun , Li Xingwei
Published: March 2013

Oxidative olefination of N‐protected 2‐pyridones proceeds with high regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Benzylic‐Amination—Sonogashira—Heterocyclization Reaction: Direct Access to Dipyrido[1,2‐a:3′,4′‐d]imidazole Salts.
Authors: Henry Nicolas , Thiery Emilie , Petrignet Julien , Halouchi Hassan , Thibonnet Jerome , Abarbri Mohamed
Published: March 2013

The novel one‐pot multicomponent reaction takes place with total regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Step Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines in Basic Ionic Liquid [bmim]OH.
Authors: Zhao Ling‐ling , Wan Yu , Wang Hai‐ying , Wang Chao , Zhang Xiao‐xiao , Huang Shu‐ying , Liu Gui‐xiang , Chen Liang‐feng , Wu Hui
Published: March 2013

The reaction is conducted under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Thienopyridine Derivatives by [3 + 2]‐ and [2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition Reactons.
Authors: Milen Matyas , Abranyi‐Balogh Peter , Dancso Andras , Keglevich Gyoergy
Published: March 2013

Due to the biological significance of the thienopyridine skeleton, an access to fused conformationally constrained analogues is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Huang Yu‐Ying , Wang Li‐Ya , Chang Chun‐Hsi , Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung , Kaneko Kimiyoshi , Takayama Hiroyuki , Kimura Masayuki , Juang Shin‐Hun , Wong Fung Fuh
Published: March 2013

A reliable protocol for synthesis of title compounds (III) is provided.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Ultrasound Promoted One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Novel Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline‐4,6(3H,5H,7H,10H)‐dione Derivatives.
Authors: Jourshari Maryam S. , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Tabatabaeian Khalil , Shirini Farhad , Rassa Mehdi , Langhari Hadiss
Published: March 2013

The reaction of 6‐aminothiouracil with the heteroaromatic aldehydes and cyclohexanedione or dimedone affords the target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Mannich Reactions on Spiro‐s‐tetrazines and Their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities.
Authors: Pat Anita , Sahu Shankarshan , Patra Manabendra , Majumdar Poulomi , Behera Ajaya Kumar
Published: March 2013

A variety of novel Mannich bases (IV) are synthesized and transformed into corresponding thiazotetrazine derivatives (VI) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel anti‐Proliferative Pyrroloazepinone and Indoloazepinone Oximes Derived from Marine Natural Product Hymenialdisine.
Authors: White Alex W. , Carpenter Nicholas , Lottin Jerome R. P. , McClelland Richard A. , Nicholson Robert I.
Published: March 2013

For a novel series of indoloazepinone oximes, the synthesis and growth inhibition activity against four human cancer cell lines are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthetic Route to Diazepinone Derivatives via Ring Closing Metathesis and Its Application for Human Cytidine Deaminase Inhibitors.
Authors: Choi Yongseok , et al. et al.
Published: March 2013

A variety of novel diazepinone derivatives are synthesized from corresponding α‐amino acids and amino alcohols by a new and efficient methodology involving a ring closing metathesis as a key step.