bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOUCAULT E AS BACANTES: LEITURA DE UM EXEMPLO DE PACTO PARRESIÁSTICO
Authors: Andrade Moreira Rafael
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho foi pensado como uma breve reflexão sobre o que Michel Foucault demonstrou sendo um exemplo de pacto parresiástico em As Bacantes, peça de Eurípides (480-406 a.C). As reflexões aqui desenvolvidas foram resultados de um projeto desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Estudos do Discurso e do Corpo (Labedisco-CNPq) e compõem, também, um atual estágio de Pós-doutoramento em Literatura Brasileira na Universidade de São Paulo (USP). O pacto apontado por Foucault selaria um “aperto de mão” entre um mensageiro e Penteu. Isso permitiria a irrupção de um “dizer verdadeiro” diante do Rei. Fora perseguido, ao longo da reflexão, o comentário que Foucault fez dessa passagem de Eurípides.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Parresía; Bacantes; Dionísio; Verdade.
AS FENÍCIAS: UMA ANÁLISE DA PARRESÍA E DA LIBERDADE A PARTIR DE FOUCAULT
Authors: Santos e Santos Ana Lúcia
Published: March 2023

O presente texto busca problematizar a noção de parresía no âmbito da tragédia de Eurípides, As Fenícias, à luz do filósofo francês Michel Foucault. Para tanto, faremos um paralelo tomando a parresía como prática de liberdade. Trata-se de problematizar a produção de uma história dos diferentes processos de composição da subjetividade humana e da efetivação da prática de liberdade, ou seja, do sujeito moderno, que nos apresenta possibilidades para uma filosofia crítica – o momento em que o sujeito se dá o direito de interrogar os efeitos dos discursos de verdade pelo exercício do poder. Nessas condições, as técnicas de si se apresentam no formato de uma experiência de si que permite a construção de uma relação consigo a partir de exercícios regulares no governo de si e dos outros.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Parresía; Falar livremente; Foucault; Prática; Liberdade; Resistência; Poder; bell hooks.
EMBATE DISCURSIVO E QUEBRA DO CONTRATO PARRESIÁSTICO EM ELECTRA, DE EURÍPEDES
Authors: Gabriel Witzel Denise , Santos Camargo Nathalia
Published: March 2023

Na tragédia de Eurípides, Electra, ganha relevo um embate discursivo entre Electra e sua mãe Clitemnestra, no qual ocorre uma subversão do contrato parresiástico, segundo Foucault (2007). Focalizando precisamente essa subversão, propomo-nos retornar a uma história das mulheres na Grécia Antiga, a fim de compreendermos os atravessamentos que essas mulheres têm em suas relações com as verdades, rituais, preceitos e condutas que, por sua vez, são indicativos de suas construções enquanto sujeitos.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Discurso, História das Mulheres, Parresía.
PARRESÍA E ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO: UMA LEITURA DE ORESTES, DE EURÍPEDES
Authors: Carneiro Borges Carla Luzia
Published: March 2023

Considero, para entender a parresía de Orestes, a noção de leitura diagnóstica, numa perspectiva foucaultiana do discurso, neste caso, uma leitura da política no presente. Então, toda vez que se lê, se está de certa forma também pensando no presente e estabelecendo relações com esse tempo atual, acerca de várias questões que afetam a nossa constituição, enquanto sujeitos no mundo. As perguntas feitas acerca de que parresía fala Foucault, pressupõem que há outras possiblidades de pensá-la, para mostrar como essa parresía insurge hoje no campo da grande polis brasileira. Então, defendo que cabe a nós não pensarmos que estamos fazendo uma leitura apenas desse mito Orestes e de uma discussão de um conceito que é feito por Foucault, mas que estamos trazendo essa discussão para o presente com o objetivo de ampliar a discussão e reflexão de nossa atualidade. Faz-se pertinente perguntar que relação existe entre parresía e democracia? Que sentidos produzo toda vez que eu digo a verdade? Pressuponho que o mesmo se possa perguntar com relação à democracia e vice versa, é exatamente assim que acontece ou existem nuances? Se toda parresía é garantia de um Estado democrático, de que parresía trata, então, a tragédia de Orestes? É possível falar de uma má parresía? Este conjunto de questões são exatamente o que fundamenta as discussões que Foucault vai trazer a partir de Orestes. Temos, a partir desta leitura de Orestes, o Michael Foucault em seu anúncio de uma genealogia da política, o que é muito relevante para um diagnóstico da política na atualidade.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Parresía; Estado Democrático; Orestes.
A PARRESÍA EM FOUCAULT E A RELAÇÃO MESTRE-DISCÍPULO NO ESTOICISMO
Authors: Prata Vilmar , Milanez Nilton
Published: March 2023

Este artigo trata de dois eixos epistêmicos, a saber, a questão da parresía em Foucault e a questão da relação mestre-discípulo no estoicismo. Para tanto, propomos a problematização das dimensões históricofilosóficas que circundam a relação entre mestre e discípulo sustentada pelos conceitos gregos: conhecimento de si (gnôthhi seauton) e cuidado de si (epimeleisthai seauton). Mostramos como a coragem da verdade emerge dessa injunção, atravessando o governo do outro. Essa articulação nos lança a uma hermenêutica de si, o que nos permite refletir sobre modos parresiásticos de nosso tempo.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Parresía; Mestre-Discípulo; Conhecimento de Si; Cuidado de Si; Governo do Outro; Hermenêutica de Si, Verdade.
A PARRHESIA E O APOCALIPSE DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Kogawa João
Published: March 2023

Este artigo interpreta a quarta conferência de uma série de seis pronunciadas por Foucault em Berkeley (Universidade da Califórnia) de outubro a novembro de 1983. A problemática da parrhesia retomada pelo filósofo francês do diálogo Laques, de Platão, suscita uma discussão sobre os sentidos de democracia, sistema político em baixa na Atenas do final do século V a.C. Articulando os discursos cômico e filosófico, evidenciam-se, ao mesmo tempo, a força e as lacunas do texto de Foucault. Se, por um lado, o interesse foucaultiano pela verdade força um retorno ao “falar franco”, por outro, falta, nesta conferência, um olhar de conjunto mais amplo que dê conta da parrhesia como sintoma de uma falta e da decadência do espírito democrático ateniense nos termos propostos no Laques. Deriva dessa falta, por exemplo, a ideia de que, do ponto de vista conceitual, o Laques seria “um fracasso”.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Democracia; Discurso; Parrhesía; Verdade.
Correspondence between the Custody of the Holy Land and the authorities of the Republic of Poland between 1671 and 1699
Authors: Lenczewski Olgierd
Published: March 2023

In the second half of the 17th century, the Custodians of the Holy Land addressed directly the authorities of the Kingdom of Poland. The correspondence included requests for numerous interventions regarding the return of holy places to the Franciscan monks, from which they were removed by various means by schismatic people, but with the approval of the High Porte. About 45 from 235 writings refer to Poland. It should be noted that this collection is incomplete. In those letters the Custodians of the Holy Land presented to the Polish secular and clerical dignitaries the situation of the Custody of the Holy Land to a greater or lesser extent. The latter, in their response, expressed concern for the holy places and/or assured that they would try to return them to their former possession for the Franciscan monks. In addition to the above-mentioned issues, the letters also dealt with marginal topics, e.g. showing concern for the royal court or expressing cordiality with regard to the election of a new Polish king or informing about the election of the Custodian of the Holy Land. The Holy See, its envoys and royal legates to the High Porte also intervened in the restitution of holy places in Palestine. The Custody of the Holy Land also played an important role in this regard, sending two of its representatives to Poland. One of them, Fr. Grzegorz Babinkiewicz, even took part in Jan Gniński’s mission to the Turkish court, during which the question of the Holy Places in Palestine was discussed.
A Developmental Study of the Attitude Scale towards Teaching Arabic Language (ASTTAL): Reliability and Validity Analysis
Authors: Düzgün Gizem , Kırkıç Kamil Arif
Published: March 2023

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the attitudes of Arabic teachers toward Arabic language teaching. The population of this study consists of 171 teachers and teacher candidates for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 202 teachers for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), who teach Arabic in Turkey. The study population was reached through Google Forms in January and June 2022. Due to the difficulty and limitation of reaching Arabic language teachers, convenient sampling and snowball sampling methods were used in the selection of the study sample. The draft scale items created as a result of the literature review were evaluated by field experts for face and content validity, and the scale was finalized. EFA was used to test construct validity. The results of the analysis showed that the scale consisted of 23 items with two sub-dimensions. Sub-dimensions explain 56.95% of the variance. DFA was performed to validate the obtained results. The fitness values reached by DFA included CMIN/df=2.028, RMSEA=.072, CFI=.920, IFI=.921, and SRMR=.074. In general, it was determined that the CMIN/df fitness values, perfect fitness values, and other fitness coefficients were at an acceptable fitness level. The item discrimination level of the scale was found to be significant in favor of the upper group. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients were examined to determine the reliability of the scale. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients were 0.944 for the first sub-factor, 0.855 for the second sub-factor, and 0.944 for the whole scale. As a result of the analyses made, it was concluded that the two-factor scale consisting of 23 items was valid and reliable. All these findings revealed that the measurement tool has a structure that can measure the attitude of Arabic language teachers towards teaching Arabic.
ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CITRUS LIMETTA (PEEL, STEM AND LEAVES)
Authors: Mahmood Amna , Naeem Nida , Khan Lahrasb , Mahmood Rabia , Bakht Jawan
Published: March 2023

Citrus limetta plant has potent activities against different infectious diseases and globally consumed citrus fruit. Studies revealed this plant has several chemical constituents that are known to have anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties. This plant is a best source to boost immunity and fight against infections and common flu and cold. The plant Citrus limetta (leaves, peel, stem) used in this research were collected from various areas of Pakpattan (Green Town) and ethanolic extract was prepared as per standard protocols. Gram-positive bacteria i.e., Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Gram-negative bacteria i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosae (ATCC 27853) and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 33152) were used to check the anti bacterial activities. Both Disc diffusion and well diffusion methods were used for the anti-bacterial pursuits. The cytotoxic pursuit of plant abstraction was set on using an MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipenyltetrazolium bromide] analysis. Antioxidant activities were analyzed by performing a DPHH test. Different tests have been performed including the Molisch experiment, Ninhydrin experiment, alkaline reagent experiment, Wagner’s experiment, Froth experiment, Ferric reagent experiment and Salkowski experiment for the detection of phytochemical constituents. The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic abstrac of Citrus limetta (leaves, peel and stem) tested by agar diffusion opposed to various bacterial ATCC cultureswhich reveal topmost zone of hindrance against Enterococcus Faecalis (24 mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (34 mm), whereas the minimal sector of hindrance was shown by Bacillus subtilis (14 mm) after 24 and 48t hours of incubation at 37°C. The antioxidant activity results showed that it reduced the firm radical 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to yellow-tint DPPH-H outstretched 75.81% of DPPH rummage effect at its 100% attentiveness compared to vitamin c as testimonial standard being a secure antioxidant indicator. Cytotoxic activities of this plant revealed extraordinary viability of cells which is a novel property examined of this plant. Ethanolic extracts showed positive results against different test performed to check the phytochemical constituents. It was concluded that Citrus limetta ethanolic extract of (leaves peel and stem) possessed a potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity and the presence of phytochemical constituents of the plant make it an essential parameter in treatment of different pathological conditions.
PENYULUHAN ANEMIA DAN PEMBERIAN TABLET TAMBAH DARAH PADA REMAJA PUTRI (REMATRI) DI SMPN-11 PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Munthe Ervi Audina , Permatasari Silvani
Published: March 2023

Anemia pada remaja putri (rematri) dapat berdampak pada kesehatan dan prestasi disekolah dan nantinya berisiko anemia saat menjadi ibu hamil yang dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin yang tidak optimal serta berpotensi menyebabkan komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan serta kematian ibu dan anak. SMPN-11 Palangka Raya menjadi mitra pengabdian kali ini dengan jumlah siswa perempuan lebih banyak dari laki-laki sehingga dilakukan penyuluhan tentang anemia pada remaja putri di SMPN-11 Palngka Raya. Tujuan kegiatan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai anemia, skrining anemia serta pemberiaan Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) dalam upaya juga menjangkau cakupan pemberian TTD agar lebih merata dan mempersiapkan status gizi agar terhindar dari anemia. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diikuti oleh 34 peserta. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan tentang anemia dan tablet tambah darah terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan yaitu baik 61%, cukup 39% dan kurang 0%. Pada hasil skrining anemia terdapat anemia 5 orang (15%) dan normal 29 orang (85%). Untuk distribusi tablet tambah darah kepada remaja putri terdistribusi 100%.
Ekonomik Regülasyon Uygulamalarının Yeniden Tanımlanması: Bağımsız İdari Otoriteler ve Yönetişim
Authors: YARDIMCI Memiş Can
Published: March 2023

Bağımsız idari otoriteler, modern bir yönetim kavramı olarak iyi yönetişimin önemli ve açık bir örneğidir. Bağımsız düzenleyici otoritelerin kamu yönetimindeki önemi giderek artmaktadır. Bağımsız idari otoritelerin kamu yönetiminde özerk bir kurum olarak ortaya çıkması regülasyon politikaları ile bağlantılıdır. Çalışmada ekonomik etkiler yaratan bağımsız idari otorite yapılanması incelenmiştir. İlk olarak bağımsız idari otoriteler regülasyon kavramı çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Ardından, regülasyon süreçlerinin etkin yönetilmesi tartışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda bağımsız idari otorite ve yönetişim arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmuştur. Ekonomik regülasyonların uygulayıcısı konumundaki bağımsız idari otoriteler ideal yönetişimi sağladığı takdirde beklentilerle uyumlu sonuçlar ortaya koyacaklardır.
Kentsel Gelişim Sürecinde Diyarbakır Ofis Binaları
Authors: DEMİR KAYAN Hale
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma Diyarbakır kent merkezinde bulunan ve ofis binası olarak inşa edilen yapıların kentin gelişimi ile birlikte nasıl konumlandıkları, kent içindeki dağılımları, yapılma amaçları, gereksinimleri ve potansiyellerine yönelik bilgi vermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ticari mekânların geçmişten günümüze gelişimi ile ilgili çalışmalar mevcut olsa da günümüzde değişen ticari anlayışlara paralel artış gösteren Diyarbakır’daki ofis binaları ilgili çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Özellikle önemli bir yerleşim yeri olması, ticaret merkezi olma özelliği ve iki milyona yaklaşan nüfusu ile Diyarbakır kentinin ofis binalarının incelenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırma, kentsel gelişim sürecinde çok fazla sayıda inşa edilen ve inşası süren ofis binaları, konu daha önce bu yönüyle ele alınmadığından özgün bulunmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Diyarbakır ilinin dört merkez ilçesinde bulunan, özel girişimcilerin ofis binası olarak inşa ettiği, kamu kurum ve kuruluşları tarafından kullanılan binaların dışındaki, çok katlı (dört kat ve üzeri) ofis binaları değerlendirilmiştir. Kent içinde yerinde gözlem ile bina tespiti, fotoğraf ile belgeleme, ilgili mimarlar, kurum ve kuruluşlardan binalar ile ilgili bilgi alınması ve literatür taraması yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Diyarbakır kentinde 65 tane ofis binası tespit edilmiştir. Yoğunluk dağılımının kentin yeni gelişim ve kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarının yapıldığı alanlarda olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak yeni gelişim alanlarında sayıları hızla artan ofis binaları gittikçe daha özel tasarımlar ile kente entegre olmaktadır. Kentte yaşayan iş insanları artık otopark sorunu çözülmüş, peyzaj düzenlemesi yapılmış, lükse yönelik malzeme seçimi olan, aydınlatma, ısıtma, soğutma gibi konularda konforlu yaşam alanları sunan ofis binalarını tercih etmektedir.
Çevre Eğitiminin Güdüsel Satın Alma Ve Çevre Tutumu Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: ÖNİZ Caner , GEDİK Selda
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma, çevre eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerinin çevre eğitimi almayan üniversite öğrencilerine göre güdüsel satın alma ve çevre tutumu üzerindeki farklılıklarının anlamlandırılması ve ilgililerine fikir vermesi amacını taşımaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca üniversitelerde verilen çevre eğitiminin bireylerde pozitif davranışsal bir tepkiye yol açıp açmadığının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Uygulanan anket oluşturulurken Yücel ve Özkan tarafından (2014) geliştirilen Çevresel Tutum Ölçeği ve Verplanken ve Herabadi (2001) tarafından geliştirilen "Güdüsel Satın Alma Eğilim Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini oluşturan üniversite öğrenci veya mezunlarından olmak üzere 402 kişiden online veri toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılanlara demografik sorular ve çevre eğitimi alıp almadıklarına dair soru yönelttikten sonra üç aşamalı sorular yöneltilmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında bireylerin çevresel davranışlarını belirleyecek (çevresel davranış ölçeği) sorular sorulmuştur. İkinci aşamada katılımcıların çevreye yönelik düşünceleri ve duyguları hakkında sorular yöneltilmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada ise güdüsel satın alma davranışını ölçmeye yönelik sorular ile anket tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için “SPSS 28.0 for Windows” programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde Güvenilirlik Testi, Kruskal Wallis Testi, Lojistik Regresyon Analizi, Normallik Testi, Mann-Whitney U Testleri uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, demografik bulgular, frekans ve yüzde dağılımları ile sunulmuş olup, ölçek maddeleri ise yüzde dağılımların yanı sıra aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri ile tanımlanmıştır. Sonuçlara bakıldığında, çevre eğitimi alanların bilişsel güdü, davranış ve eylemde bulunmaya isteklilikleri çevre eğitimi almayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştirSonuçlara bakıldığında, çevre eğitimi alanların bilişsel güdü, davranış ve eylemde bulunmaya isteklilikleri çevre eğitimi almayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Treatment-Related Mortality in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Multan
Authors: Maqsood Muhammad Shahzad , Rana Zulfiqar Ali , Adil Muhammad Kamran , Zahid Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Background: The present study aimed to assess the frequency of treatment related mortality (TRM) among all ALL related mortalities recorded in the paediatric ward. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Department of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan between January 2021 and June 2022. The study enrolled all children under the age of 18 years who were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Data of individuals who died secondary to a relapsing or progressive disease or those who had not yet started chemotherapy were excluded. The main focus of the study was to measure TRM. All data were collected in pre-defined pro forma. Results: A total of 205 deaths among ALL patients were reported during the study. Of these, 120 (58.54%) cases were associated with TRM. The most common type of ALL immunophenotype was B-cell ALL in 100 patients. Majority of the patients who suffered from TRM were at the induction phase i.e. 69 (57.50%). The most common cause of TRM was sepsis i.e. 100 (83.33%) cases. The second most common cause of TRM was haemorrhagic complications. Conclusion: The results indicated that TRM was a significant contributor to treatment failure in this population. Out of a total of 205 deaths, more than half were attributed to TRM. Among the 100 patients evaluated, B-cell ALL was the most prevalent type. The majority of TRM cases occurred during the induction phase (57.50%), and sepsis was identified as the primary cause of TRM, followed by haemorrhagic complications. Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, ALL, chemotherapy, febrile neutropenia, paediatric cancer, sepsis, treatment-related mortality, TRM
Compare Mean Central Corneal Thickness with Ultrasound Pachymetry and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients Presenting with Glaucoma
Authors: Afzal Sohaib , Rehman Shujah Ur , Afzaal Jafar Muhammad M. , Javaid Usama , Akram Aqsa
Published: March 2023

Background: The optic nerve damage with the ultimate loss of vision resulting from a clutch of diseases named Glaucoma. In many conditions including, corneal dystrophies, corneal edema, and endothelial diseases of the cornea, the important biometric is Central corneal thickness (CCT). Objective: To find the difference in mean CCT with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and ultrasound pachymetry in patients presenting with Glaucoma. Material & Methods: The study design opted was the observational cross-section. The study was done in tertiary care hospital. A total of 180 patients were registered for the present study. Both techniques noted the CCT value of all patients. Once the data was collected, it was stored electronically and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Results: 40.00±11.50 years was the average age of all the patients. There were 89(49.44%) males and 91(50.56%) females. The mean CCT was 531.01±28.54µm on OCT and 530.01±29.74µm on USP. The mean difference in CCT was 3.93±3.13µm between OCT & USP. The difference was statistically insignificant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a statistically insignificant difference between the mean CCT with USP and spectral domain OCT patients presenting with Glaucoma. Keywords: Glaucoma, Optical Coherence Tomography, Central Corneal Thickness.
Impact of Smoking on High and Low-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Hussain Fida , Khan Muhammad Rahil , Laghari Parsa , Memon Riyasat Ahmed , Nohri Zahid Ali , Ali Azhar
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the role of smoking in high- and low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Study setting: This cross-sectional study was done at the Department of histopathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Methods: Total 165 cases of urothelial carcinoma were included in this study. The clinical history of patients was taken from computer storage data followed by review of microscopic slides by two histopathologists. Excel 2021 and SPSS 22 were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 165 cases were enrolled in the study. 55.15% (n=91) were smokers. Smoking history was positive in most cases of low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Follow up of patients was taken at 24 months after biopsy or resection of tumor. Patient with high grade urothelial carcinoma poor outcome i.e., 53.3% dead at the follow up taken at 24 months. Conclusion: In conclusion, urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy which has strong association with smoking. Patients with positive smoking history present with higher stage and grade of disease. Early intervention in form of strict follow up and smoking cessation should be done in patients to ensure prompt treatment. Keywords: High grade urothelial carcinoma, Low grade urothelial carcinoma, Smoking
Multimorbidity and Quality of Life among Geriatric Population of Karachi Pakistan
Authors: Danish Syed Hasan , Ahmad Farah , Fahad Daniyal , Memon Shaima Sultana , Parkash Oam , Shoaib Khushbakht
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine association of quality of life and multimorbidity among geriatric population of Karachi Pakistan Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in district of Karachi district using cluster sampling technique. Sample had greater than 60 years of age restricting those with mental disorders, speech disorders or language barriers. Sample size was n=362. Data was collected using WOHQOL-BREF with four domains, social relationships, psychological health, physical health and environment domain. Data was collected by face to face interviews after informed consent keeping information confidential. p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. For numerical data descriptive analysis was used and categorical data was expressed by frequency and percentages using SPSS version 24. Odds ratio was used to find association of multimorbidty and quality of life Results: Of total n=90 (25%) participants had none or single disease, with multimorbidity in n=272 (75%) participants. Most n=165 (46%) had hypertension, Diabetes was present in n=56 (16%). Bones and joints in n=133 (38%), Obesity in n=80(22%). Most n=144 (40%) rated their life quality as good, n=30 (8.3%) as very good, n=57 (15.5%) rated their quality of life as poor, n=3 (0.8%%) rated it very poor and remaining n=128(35.4%) were in between. Mean scores of Environmental domain had highest score then physical health, psychological domain and least for social domain. When association was seen in multimorbidity and life quality Environment domain displayed significant association with OR: 1.9 ( p value 0.009).In Environment and Social domain majority were found to be satisfied. Conclusion: Significant association was seen between Multimorbidity and Enviornmental domain in Quality of life. Keywords: Multimorbidity, Quality of life, Geriatrics
Bactericidal Effect of Antibiotics against Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection among Children
Authors: Iqbal Fatima , Nasreen Fariha , Iqbal Sidra , Naz Irum , Elahi Attiya , Rehman Faisal
Published: March 2023

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in children. Use of antibiotics according to updated sensitivity pattern is critical. Aim: To determine major bacteria causing UTI with drug sensitivity pattern to find best empirical therapy. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study was conducted at WAPDA hospital Rawalpindi from June 2022 to November 2022. A total of 71 urine culture positive children aged between 1 to 14 years were enrolled. The main variables for the study included age and sex of patient, isolated bacteria and the sensitivity pattern against different drugs. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. The variables are presented in the form of standard deviation and frequency of percentages. Results: The average age of enrolled children was 5.9 (SD ± 3.6) years. The common bacteria leading to UTI were E. coli 43 (60.6%) followed by Klebsiella 11 (15.5%) and Enterococcus 5 (7%). The most common organism isolated was E. coli. The most effective drugs against E. coli are Meropenem (97.2%), Fosfomycin (90.2%), and Amikacin (89.7%). The resistance pattern is Co-trimoxazole (86%), Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (69.8%) and Cefixime (70.7%). Conclusion: The most common isolate was E. coli. The sensitivity of nitrofurantoin, Fosfomycin and Amikacin to the pathogens’ causing UTI is high and can be used empirically. Other commonly used antibiotics are mostly resistant, therefore regular studies in every region are necessary to update the protocols for treatment of UTI. Keywords: Urinary tract infection, E. coli, Amikacin, Urine culture and sensitivity
Frequency of in-Stent Restenosis in patients having DES, with Stent Length Greater than 30mm Presenting to Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Raza Butt Muhammad Ahmad , Khan Bakht Umar , Afridi Muhammad Saeed , Khan Muhammad Suleman , Tareen Mujeebullah , , Hadi Abdul
Published: March 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to calculate the incidence of in-stent restenosis in patients with DES and stent lengths higher than 30mm who presented to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: A Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Cardiology, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore in the duration from February, 2022 to July, 2022. Methods: There were 83 patients of coronary artery disease (CAD)were included. After obtaining written consent from participants, researchers collected information about their participants' ages, sexes, body mass indexes, and co-morbidities. Atherosclerosis risk variables were collected with baseline investigations and an echocardiography for ejection fraction determination. Imaging studies were reviewed by board-certified interventional cardiologists, who found evidence of ISR. Past angioplasty information and stent details were recorded. Results: In our study mean age of the presented cases was 54.13±7.44 years and mean BMI 25.2±13.87 kg/m2. Most common comorbidity was diabetes found in 25 (30.1%) followed by hypertension in 23 (27.7%) and dyslipidemia in 20 (24.1%) cases. We found that 40 (48.2%) patients were smokers. Mean LDL cholesterol of the patients was 68.6±1.97 mg/dl and mean uric acid was 6.2±2.35 mg/dl. Majority of the cases 45 (54.2%) had poor socio-economic status. We found that frequency of ISR was higher among cases of biomatrix stent 24 (28.9%), followed by Xience stent in 22 (26.5%) cases, Ultimaster stent in 19 (22.9%) and Xlimus stent in 18 (21.7%) cases after coronary angiograpghy. Our results showed that the stents longer than 30mm were associated with a higher incidence of In-Stent Restenosis (p=0.03). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, we came to the conclusion that a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and a longer stent length are both significant risk factors for developing in-stent restenosis. In our research, we found that instances with biomatrix stents had a greater incidence of ISR. Keywords: CAD, Drug eluting stents (DES), Coronary angiography, In-Stent Restenosis
Frequency of Hepatitis a Virus as a Cause of Anicteric Hepatitis in Children Under 5 Years
Authors: Khan Irfan , Ullah Irfan , . Saeedullah , Marwat Zahid Irfan , Khan Arshad , Anwar Hamayun
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Globally, Acute viral hepatitis A is the widespread type of hepatitis particularly in developing countries. Children under 5 year of age are at greater risk of asymptomatic infections, and if they do develop symptoms, they are likely to experience anicteric illnesses. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of hepatitis A virus as anicteric hepatitis cause among children under 5 years. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 380 children (<5 years) in the Pediatric Medicine Department of Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex Nowshera for the duration from 1st July 2021 to 30th June 2022. Study protocol was approved by the institute ethical committee. Children with normal-colored urine, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, malaise, nausea, and low-grade fever (< 38.5 °C) were investigated. Demographic details and physical examination were recorded from children with elevated transaminase levels (ALT). Children with elevated transaminases were only enrolled and categorized into two groups: Group-I HAV-positive and Group-II HAV negative groups. Children with transaminases were the only ones who had IgM antibodies against HAV virus. ELISA was used to test for anti-HAV IgM. Results: Of the total 380 children, the incidence of elevated transaminases (ALT, AST) were 42.6% (n=162). The frequency of HAV positive and HAV negative was 13.6% (n=22) and 86.4% (n=140) respectively. Out of 162 children, there 84 (51.9%) male and 78 (48.1%) females. Age-wise distribution of patients were as follows: Age≥3 years 92 (56.8%) and age≤ 70 (43.2%). HAV infection rates were significantly higher among children over 2 years old (p <0.05). Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, Right hypochondrial tenderness, Arthralgia, and Hepatomegaly were different clinical manifestation of HAV negative and HAV positive found in 20.7% (n=29) versus 13.6% (n=3), 97.1% (n=136) versus 81.8% (n=18), 87.1% (n=122) vs 81.8% (n=18), 81.4% (n=114) versus 95.5% (n=21), 32.9% (n=46) versus 86.4% (n=19), 38.6% (n=54) versus 59.1% (n=13), 4.3% (n=6) versus 18.2% (n=4) respectively. Conclusion: Children with anicteric hepatitis under the age of 5 years were found to have 13.6% HAV infection. Diarrhea and vomiting were the most prevalent clinical manifestation of children < 5 years. A higher level of maternal education, older age, and poor sanitary conditions were various risk factors related to HAV infection. Keywords: Hepatitis A, Anicteric hepatitis, Children
A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence and Pattern of Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Haq Anwar Ul , Usman Khalid , Ullah Naqeeb , Hassan Tariq , Akhtar Junaid , Ullah Irfan
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and dyslipidemia are growing health issues. Multidimensional dyslipidemia is a characteristic of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are comorbid conditions associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 426 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Department of Family Medicine and General Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for the duration from May 2022 to October 2022. Prior to study conduction, ethical approval was taken from institute research and ethical committee. Patient’s demographic details, laboratory findings, medications, and clinical features were recorded. Dyslipidemia was analyzed as categorical variables described as frequency and percentages. Laboratory findings included Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC). SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 426 T2DM patients, there were 224 (52.6%) male and 202 (47.4%) females. The incidence of dyslipidemia was 92.6% among T2DM patients. Based on dyslipidemia patterns, the incidence of low HDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia, and high LDL-C were 72.4%, 62.6%, and 68.8% respectively. Diabetic dyslipidemia patterns were significantly associated with gender, hypertension, and obesity. Hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-C were significantly associated with poor glycemic control and duration of T2DM. Smoking and reduced glycemic control was related with hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion: It has been found that the incidence of dyslipidemia among T2DM patients was 92.6%. Patients with type 2 diabetes are most likely to have low HDL-C and high triglycerides. It is strongly recommended to provide educational programs emphasizing the significance of adopting a healthy routine. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Pattern, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Importance of Intermittent Cardiotocographic Monitoring Prior to Misoprostol-Assisted Induction of Labour
Authors: Yaseen Nidda , Saleem Uzma , Hafeez Sarah , Fatima Yasmin , Akram Umbreen , Rashid Tayyaba
Published: March 2023

Aim: To determine the importance of intermittent cardiotocographic monitoring during misoprostol-assisted induction of labour in pregnancies lasting weeks or more. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Cantt for the duration from January 2022 to August 2022 among 130 primigravida patients underwent CTG before receiving transvaginal dose of misoprostol. Neonatal admissions, the mode of delivery, the Apgar score, and indications of induction were the variables examined. Results: Forty-two (70%) of the C-section patients had reassuring CTG and significantly low Apgar scores at 1 minute. Seven (8.5%) of the patients with thick meconium had non-reassuring CTG. Twelve neonates (9.2%) in total required resuscitation, 9 (75%) of whom had reassuring CTGs while 3(25%) had non-reassuring CTGs. The overall admission rate in NICU was 10%, and 38.5% of neonates that required resuscitation had non-reassuring CTG. Neonatal mortality was nil during the study time. Conclusions: Patients who had their labour induced with misoprostol had non-reassuring CTG among 50% of cases and had thick meconium stained liquor. Therefore, we can lower neonatal morbidity and mortality by early foetal impairment detection. Neonatal mortality was nil during the study time. Keywords: cardiotocography, induction, resuscitation, Apgar score and caesarean section
Comparative Analysis of Intravenous Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin for the Treatment of Bacterial Peritonitis in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Zaidi Syed Asif Raza , Iqbal Wajid , Kumar Arjan , Jan Ibadullah , Faryal Sheeba , Ahmed Rizwan
Published: March 2023

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the relative benefits of intravenous ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone for the treatment of bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic liver patients. Study Design: Randomized control trial Place and Duration: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore in the period from March, 2022 to August, 2022. Methods: Total 130 patients of bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis were included. Patients were undergone for abdomen ultrasound to diagnose liver cirrhosis. Following the acquisition of written informed consent, participants' personal information (such as age, sex, and residence) was meticulously documented. Patients were equally divided in two groups. Group I received intravenous ceftriaxone 1g 12 hourly among 65 patients and 65 cases of group II received ciprofloxacin 200mg 12 hourly for 6 days. Effectiveness among both groups were assessed. Results: There were 44 (67.7%) males and 21 (32.3%) females in group I and in group II 52 (80%) males and 13 (20%) females. Patients mean age in group I was 39.10±6.29 years and in group II mean age was 41.7±3.50 years. We found that majority of the cases were from urban areas 37 (56.9%) in group I and 39 (60%) cases in group II. Frequency of effectiveness in group I was 49 (75.4%) and in group II efficacy found in 47 (72.3%) cases. Post-treatment complications in group I was 7 (10.8%) and in group II found in 6 (9.2%) cases. Satisfaction rate among patients was almost equal 46 (70.8%) and 45 (62.9%) in group I and II. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that the administration of ciprofloxacin intravenously is just as effective as the administration of ceftriaxone intravenously for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic cases.
Comparative Effectiveness of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique Along with Conventional Treatment Vs Conventional Treatment Alone in Patients of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ejaz Fajr , Safdar Maryam , Ejaz Hina
Published: March 2023

Background: Due to cartilage damage adduction movement increased at knee joint which alters biomechanics of knee joint. All muscles attached to knee joint get overstretched, tightened and trigger points formed in them produces pain and alters functioning of knee joint. Objective: To determine which treatment approach either integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique INIT combined with conventional treatment or conventional treatment alone was effective in reducing pain, improving ROM and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Material and Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on n=28 patients (23 females, 5 males) with age group of 45-70 years were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Group A received conventional treatment along with INIT technique and group B received conventional treatment alone, treatment was given for 2 weeks with 3 sessions / week. NPRS was used to measure pain at baseline, after 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th session of treatment. ROM through goniometer measured at baseline, after 1st and at end of 2nd week (6th session). WOMAC scale for quality of life improvement measured at baseline and at end of 2nd week (6th session). SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: In-Between group analysis showed significant difference exist in knee pain and WOMAC scale values. However no, significant difference exist between both groups for knee flexion and extension except for knee extension range, improved after 6th session. Conclusion: Reduction in knee pain and disability of patient along with improved knee ROM was remarkably noted in the patients who received INIT technique combined with conventional treatment. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, trigger points, INIT technique, conventional treatment, Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique Ethical Approval Number: TUF/IRB/178/2023
Association of Radial Artery Access with Reduced Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Uddin Imad , Khan Muhammad Ishaq , Younas Nabil , Hashmi Muhammad Omer , Shah Shireen , Mehmood Ayesha
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication that can occur after invasive cardiac procedures. This condition can cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in high-risk patients, such as those with preexisting renal dysfunction. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the association of radial artery access with reduced incidence of acute kidney injury. Material and methods: The study is conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. This is a tertiary care center that provides cardiac care services to a large population of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The center has state-of-the-art facilities and a team of experienced cardiologists and cardiac surgeons who perform a variety of cardiac procedures, including PCI and CABG. Results: Based on a study of 300 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, there was a significant association between the use of radial artery access and reduced incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). The study found that 20% of patients who underwent femoral artery access developed AKI, compared to only 10% of patients who underwent radial artery access. This indicates that radial artery access may be a safer option for cardiac catheterization procedures, as it may help reduce the risk of AKI in patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that radial artery access is associated with a lower incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Comparative Effects of Strain Counterstrain and Ischemic Compression Technique in Patients with Upper Trapezius Trigger Points
Authors: Saleem Samra , Chaudhry Sehar Zahid , Sohail Muhammad Usama , Saleem Ramish , Rafique Hira , Batool Farwa , Attar Atif Ali , Shah Sana
Published: March 2023

Background: The trigger points are hyperirritable spots found usually in the muscle fascia or within the taut bands of skeletal muscles that is painful on compression. Ischemic compression technique uses the application of sustained pressure with sufficient force and for long enough so as to slow down the flow of blood and releasing tension out of the muscle. Strain counterstrain (SCS), also known as positional release, is a passive positional treatment that relieves musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction by indirect hand manipulation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ischemic compression technique and strain counterstrain technique on pain, neck lateral flexion and disability in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. Methodology: The RCT was conducted on 36 male and female participants aging 25-45 having maximum of 5 trigger points in the upper trapezius bilaterally. The patients were divided equally to ischemic compression and strain counterstrain group by lottery method. The treatment was given for 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The NPRS, NDI and cervical lateral flexion were used as outcome measure. The assessment of the outcome measures was done on baseline, after 2nd week and after 4th week. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 26 using appropriate tests depending upon the normality by keeping the level of significance at 0.05. Results: Out of 36 participants (Mean age 32.96 ± 5.91), 20 were male and 16 were female, 3 participants lost to follow up. The within group analysis of NPRS and NDI done by Friedman test and that of cervical flexion done by repeated measures ANOVA showed that the both the interventions has produced significant (p<0.05) effects on pain, neck disability and range of motion, but the between group analysis of NPRS and NDI done by Mann-Whitney test and that of Cervical ROM done by Independent samples t-test showed that none of the two technique produced significant results (p>0.05) as compared to the other in subjects with upper trapezius trigger points. Conclusion: A 4-week intervention of the ischemic compression and strain counterstrain produced significant results in reducing the intensity of pain, the cervical disability and improving the cervical range of motion, but the intergroup comparison showed that both the ischemic compression and strain counterstrain were equally effective and none of them produced significant results as compared to others on patients with upper trapezius trigger points. Keywords: Ischemic Compression Technique; Strain Counterstrain; Upper Trapezius Trigger Points.
Typical Mental Disorders among Teens
Authors: Karim Imran , Shaikh Muhammed Kashif , Shah Syed Zulfiquar Ali , Bibi Ishrat , Bibi Noor Ul Ain Maham , . Iqra , Arain Sabiha
Published: March 2023

In the past 20 to 30 years, adolescent rates of psychological illnesses and mental health issues appear to have risen significantly. The increase is a result of societal change, such as the disintegration of family structure, the increase in youth unemployment, and the intensification of educational and occupational pressures.1 The estimated incidence of psychological disorders among 11 to 15-year-olds in the United Kingdom is 11%, with disruptive behaviors being more prevalent in males and anxiety and depression being more prevalent in girls while among school going children of Pakistan it is reported as 10-20%2,3. As a result of adolescent instability, educators and parents may dismiss difficulties. Due to their developmental desires to be "normal" at a period when they're addressing mental problems and trying to communicate with a peer group, adolescents are frequently hesitant to seek treatment4.