bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the current state and forecasts of the development of the residential real estate market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Sikhimbayev M. R. , Srailova G. N. , Flek A. A.
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the study – describe the state of the Kazakhstan residential real estate market, identify the features and trends of its development.

   The authors of the study pay special attention to the analysis of the main indicators characterizing the residential real estate market, as well as the processes taking place in the mortgage lending market.

   Methodology – the study was conducted using methods of economic and statistical analysis, graphic method, method of description and generalization. The research sources were offi cial statistical materials of the National Bank of Kazakhstan, analytical reviews of consulting companies and fi nancial organizations, the «Krisha.kz» real estate platform and the «Kn.kz» real estate information portal, scientifi c research by Kazakh and foreign authors, as well as materials of scientifi c and practical conferences.

   Originality / value of the study – the authors carried out a detailed analysis of the state and problems of the residential real estate market of the Republic of Kazakhstan in recent years and gave forecasts for its future development.

   Findings. According to the results of research and analysis of the current state of the Kazakh residential real estate market in recent years, the authors identifi ed problems and identifi ed current trends in the development of the housing market, as well as forecasts of its future development. The results of the scientifi c article can be useful for real estate agencies, industry experts, as well as the scientifi c community involved in studying the real estate market.
Dust in the (Solar) Wind: Investigations of Orbital Debris and Asteroid Evolution
Authors: Hartzell Christine
Published: July 2024

The interaction of charged particles with the local plasma environment is of interest in a variety of space applications. This talk will focus on two specific applications: 1. the design of new technologies to detect orbital debris and 2. the evolution of asteroid surfaces. Small (sub-cm) orbital debris poses a serious hazard to functional spacecraft, but is very difficult detect (and impossible to track) using conventional technologies. Our simulations predict that many of these debris objects will produce solitons in the ionospheric plasma environment. We will present the characteristics of the debris that are predicted to produce solitons and the characteristics of the resulting solitons. Detection of debris-produced solitons may provide a new technique to monitor the highly uncertain sub-cm debris environment.

Our second topic concerns the removal of small particles from the surfaces of asteroids. The regolith of many small asteroids is coarse compared to other solar system bodies like the Moon. It has been hypothesized that small regolith particles may be removed from asteroids due to the interaction of the charged particles with the local plasma environment. We will present predictions of the sizes of particles that can be lofted from the asteroid Bennu and the subsequent trajectories (including escape) of those particles. We will also show experimental observations of the electrostatic lofting of clumps of regolith particles. Electrostatic lofting, combined with solar radiation pressure, may be an active loss mechanism on asteroids.
Brand Image and Consumer Perceived Values on Purchase Intention of Organic Food: A Conceptual Study
Authors: DingGe Ji , Hee Ong Choon
Published: July 2024

Organic food is quickly developing in China as consumer wealth and consumption levels have grown in recent years; the Chinese government's "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" promotes a balanced diet and works to raise the standard of agricultural output and food safety. Even though China has Asia's largest organic food market, organic food has a small market share and low consumer expenditure. As a result, decisive steps to boost the growth of China's organic food market are urgently needed. This study aims to explore the factors related to Chinese people’s purchase intention of organic food using the S-O-R model. Brand image and consumer perceived values are crucial because they influence customer purchase behavior. This study emphasizes brand image, perceived functional, emotional and social values on consumer purchase intention. Epistemic value and conditional value were excluded because they have detrimental impacts on consumer choice behavior. The contribution of this study is to enrich the existing literature by providing a deeper understanding of organic food consumer purchase intention in China through the application of brand image and consumer perceived values using the S-O-R model. It also provides Chinese policymakers and organic food suppliers with solutions to increase organic food sales to expand the Chinese organic food market.
Neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer: Where we are and where we are going
Authors: González Del Portillo Elísabet , Couñago Felipe , López-Campos Fernando
Published: July 2024

Locally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach based on total neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (ChT), followed by deferred surgery. Currently, alternatives to the standard total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) are being explored, such as new ChT regimens or the introduction of immunotherapy. With standard TNT, up to a third of patients may achieve a complete pathological response (CPR), potentially avoiding surgery. However, as of now, we lack predictive markers of response that would allow us to define criteria for a conservative organ strategy. The presence of mutations, genes, or new imaging tests is helping to define these criteria. An example of this is the diffusion coefficient in the diffusion-weighted sequence of magnetic resonance imaging and the integration of this imaging technique into RT treatment. This allows for the monitoring of the evolution of this coefficient over successive RT sessions, helping to determine which patients will achieve CPR or those who may require intensification of neoadjuvant therapy.
Screening of colorectal cancer: Methods and strategies
Authors: Liao Zhen , Guo Jin-Tao , Yang Fan , Wang Shu-Peng , Sun Si-Yu
Published: July 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high incidence and mortality rates, and the emergence and application of CRC screening have helped us effectively control the occurrence and development of CRC. Currently, common international screening methods include tests based on feces and blood, and examination methods that allow for visualization, such as sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Some methods have been widely used, whereas others such as multi-target stool RNA test are still being explored and developed, and are expected to become front-line screening methods for CRC in the future. The choice of screening method is affected by external conditions and the patients' situation, and the clinician must choose an appropriate strategy according to the actual situation and the patient's wishes. This article introduces various CRC screening methods and analyzes the factors relevant to the screening strategy.
Histologic subtypes of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Giudici Nicola , Seiler Roland
Published: July 2024

The majority of bladder cancers (BCs) are non-muscle invasive BCs (NMIBCs) and show the morphology of a conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC). Aberrant morphology is rare but can be observed. The classification and characterization of histologic subtypes (HS) in UC in BC have mainly been described in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the currently used classification is applied for invasive urothelial neoplasm and therefore, also valid for a subset of NMIBC. The standard transurethral diagnostic work-up misses the presence of HS in NMIBC in a considerable percentage of patients and the real prevalence is not known. HS in NMIBC are associated with an aggressive phenotype. Consequently, clinical guidelines categorize HS of NMIBC as ”(very) high-risk” tumors and recommend offering radical cystectomy to these patients. Alternative strategies for bladder preservation can only be offered to highly selected patients and ideally within clinical trials. Novel treatment strategies and biomarkers have been established MIBC and NMIBC but have not been comprehensively investigated in the context of HS in NMIBC. Further evaluation prior to implementation into clinical practice is needed.
Impact of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on gastric cancer survival: Peritoneal metastasis and cytology perspectives
Authors: Methasate Asada , Parakonthun Thammawat , Intralawan Thita , Nampoolsuksan Chawisa , Swangsri Jirawat
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer presenting with peritoneal metastasis is notably associated with diminished survival prospects. The use of cytoreductive surgery in conjunction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been shown to increase survival rates in these patients. Despite these advancements, debates persist regarding the magnitude of survival improvement attributed to this treatment modality. The present investigation examined survival outcomes following HIPEC in individuals diagnosed with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis, and it took a comparative analysis of patients exhibiting positive and negative cytological findings.

AIM

To compare the impact of HIPEC on survival in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis and positive or negative cytology.

METHODS

Between April 2013 and March 2020, 84 patients with advanced gastric cancer treated at our institution were categorized into three cohorts: HIPEC (20 patients with peritoneal metastasis), cytology-positive (23 patients without peritoneal nodules but with positive wash cytology), and cytology-negative (41 patients with advanced gastric cancer, no peritoneal nodules, and negative wash cytology). The HIPEC cohort underwent gastrectomy with HIPEC, while the cytology-positive and cytology-negative groups received gastrectomy alone. The demographic, pathological, and survival data of the groups were compared.

RESULTS

The HIPEC cohort-predominantly younger females-exhibited relatively extended surgical durations and high blood loss. Nevertheless, the complication rates were consistent across all three groups. Median survival in the HIPEC group was 20.00 ± 4.89 months, with 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year overall survival rates of 73.90%, 28.70%, and 9.60%, respectively. These figures paralleled the survival rates of the cytology-positive group (52.20% at 1 year, 28.50% at 2 years, and 19.00% at 3 years). Notably, 47% of patients experienced peritoneal recurrence.

CONCLUSION

HIPEC may offer a modest improvement in short-term survival for patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis, mirroring the outcomes in cytology-positive patients. However, peritoneal recurrence remained high.
Parthenolide enhances the metronomic chemotherapy effect of cyclophosphamide in lung cancer by inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway
Authors: Cai Zheng , Gao Lang , Hu Kai , Wang Qi-Ming
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the medicinal herb Chrysanthemum parthenium, exhibits various biological effects by targeting NF-kB, STAT3, and other pathways. It has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for multiple malignancies.

AIM

To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effect of PTL on cyclophosphamide (CTX) metronomic chemotherapy.

METHODS

The cytotoxicity of PTL and CTX on Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC cells) was assessed by measuring cell activity and apoptosis. The anti-tumor efficiency was evaluated using a tumor xenograft mice model, and the survival of mice and tumor volume were monitored. Additionally, the collected tumor tissues were analyzed for tumor microenvironment indicators and inflammatory factors.

RESULTS

In vitro , PTL demonstrated a synergistic effect with CTX in inhibiting the growth of LLC cells and promoting apoptosis. In vivo , metronomic chemotherapy combined with PTL and CTX improved the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and reduced tumor growth rate. Furthermore, metronomic chemotherapy combined with PTL and CTX reduced NF-κB activation and improved the tumor immune microenvironment by decreasing tumor angiogenesis, reducing Transforming growth factor β, and α-SMA positive cells.

CONCLUSION

PTL is an efficient compound that enhances the metronomic chemotherapy effects of CTX both in vitro and in vivo , suggesting its potential as a supplementary therapeutic strategy in metronomic chemotherapy to improve the chemotherapy effects.
Predictive value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for neoadjuvant therapy response in triple-negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Hai-Kuan , Jiang Wen-Long , Zhang Shi-Lei , Xu Peng-Cheng , Wei Li-Min , Liu Jiang-Bo
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels and the response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear.

AIM

To investigate the predictive potential of TIL levels for the response to NAT in TNBC patients.

METHODS

A systematic search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information PubMed database was performed to collect relevant published literature prior to August 31, 2023. The correlation between TIL levels and the NAT pathologic complete response (pCR) in TNBC patients was assessed using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis were also conducted.

RESULTS

A total of 32 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall meta-analysis results indicated that the pCR rate after NAT treatment in TNBC patients in the high TIL subgroup was significantly greater than that in patients in the low TIL subgroup (48.0% vs 27.7%) (risk ratio 2.01; 95% confidence interval 1.77-2.29; P < 0.001, I 2 = 56%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the between-study heterogeneity originated from differences in study design, TIL level cutoffs, and study populations. Publication bias could have existed in the included studies. The meta-analysis based on different NAT protocols revealed that all TNBC patients with high levels of TILs had a greater rate of pCR after NAT treatment in all protocols (all P ≤ 0.01), and there was no significant between-protocol difference in the statistics among the different NAT protocols (P = 0.29). Additionally, sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the overall results of the meta-analysis remained consistent when the included studies were individually excluded.

CONCLUSION

TILs can serve as a predictor of the response to NAT treatment in TNBC patients. TNBC patients with high levels of TILs exhibit a greater NAT pCR rate than those with low levels of TILs, and this predictive capability is consistent across different NAT regimens.
Rare primary squamous cell carcinoma of the intrahepatic bile duct: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ma Qing-Jun , Wang Fu-Hai , Yang Ning-Ning , Wei Hong-Long , Liu Feng
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the biliary tree and has a poor prognosis. Adenocarcinoma is the most common pathological type of cholangiocarcinomas, but rare squamous, adenosquamous, and mucinous variants have been reported without adequate clinical data.

CASE SUMMARY

This report describes a rare case of primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the intrahepatic bile duct. The patient was admitted with a tumor in the hepatic caudate lobe with no obvious clinical symptoms. Examination revealed hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, a slight increase in alfa-fetoprotein to 16.34 ng/mL, and an irregular slightly heterogeneous enhancing lesion in the hepatic caudate lobe, which was initially thought to be hepatocellular carcinoma. Laparoscopic resection was performed, and the final pathology suggested a rare primary SCC of the intrahepatic bile duct. Immunohistochemistry indicated positivity for villin, partial positivity for p63, and negativity for hepatocyte, CK7, CK8, CK19, and CK20. The Ki-67 index was approximately 60%. The patient received six cycles of Tegio chemotherapy. A new lesion was detected in the liver after 15 months. The surgery was performed, and the patient was followed-up at a local hospital. To date, no new lesions have been observed.

CONCLUSION

Surgery is the first choice for resectable lesions, and combined chemotherapy based on pathology is essential for increasing overall survival.
Concomitant epidermal growth factor receptor mutation/c-ros oncogene 1 rearrangement in non-small cell lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Peng Gui-Qin , Song Hai-Chi , Chen Wan-Yi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR ) mutation and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1 ) rearrangement are key genetic alterations and predictive tumor markers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are typically considered to be mutually exclusive. EGFR/ROS1 co-mutation is a rare event, and the standard treatment approach for such cases is still equivocal.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma, with concomitant EGFR L858R mutation and ROS1 rearrangement. The patient received two cycles of chemotherapy after surgery, but the disease progressed. Following 1-month treatment with gefitinib, the disease progressed again. However, after switching to crizotinib, the lesion became stable. Currently, crizotinib has been administered for over 53 months with a remarkable treatment effect.

CONCLUSION

The efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and crizotinib was vastly different in this NSCLC patient with EGFR /ROS1 co-mutation. This report will aid future treatment of such patients.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA MANTAR YÖNETİM ALGISI: SİSTEMATİK BİR LİTERATÜR TARAMASI
Authors: Söyler Sait
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık kurumlarında mantar yönetim yaklaşımının ele alındığı araştırmaların sistematik olarak incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın yürütülmesinde PRISMA raporlama kuralları ve akış diyagramı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaların taranmasında ulusal ve uluslararası tanınırlığı yüksek olan altı veri tabanından faydalanılmıştır. Tarama “mushroom management” OR (YA DA) “mantar yönetim” anahtar kelimeleri ile gerçekleştirilmiş, herhangi bir dil veya süre sınırlaması konulmamıştır. Elde edilen tüm araştırmalar başlık ve özet, ardından da tam metin incelemesine ve STROBE bildirimine göre kalite değerlendirmesine tabi tutulmuş, süreç sonunda beş araştırma çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular mantar yönetim yaklaşımının yönetim literatüründe oldukça yeni bir kavram olarak ön plana çıktığını, araştırmaların özellikle son yıllarda yoğunlaştığını ve sağlık sektöründe gerçekleştirilen araştırmaların oldukça az sayıda olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca mantar yönetim yaklaşımının olumsuz bir takım örgütsel sonuçlarla ilişkili olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çerçevede sağlık kurumlarında olumsuz örgütsel sonuçların önlenmesi için şeffaf bir yönetim anlayışının ve çalışanlara yönelik yeterli düzeyde ve sürekli bilgi akışının sağlanması önerilmektedir.
MEVLÂNÂ’NIN MEKTUBÂT ADLI ESERİNDE DEVLET BÜYÜKLERİNE NASİHATLER
Authors: Cereyan Sinan
Published: July 2024

Günlük yaşamımızda en sık karşılaştığımız ve üzerinde düşündüğümüz konular arasında yöneticiler, halk ve adalet konuları öne çıkmaktadır. Bu unsurların uyumu, bir devletin düzenini, huzurunu ve sürdürülebilirliğini etkileyen temel faktörlerdir. Yöneticilerin adaletli olması, halkla olan ilişkilerinin doğru yönetilmesi ve adaletin herkese eşit bir şekilde uygulanması, toplumsal uyum ve barışın sağlanması açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Birçok alim, düşünür ve sûfî şahsiyetler eserlerinde yoğun olarak bu konu üzerinde durmuştur. Mevlâna da yöneticileri yeryüzünde Allah’ın gölgesi olarak tanımlayarak, onlara tabi olmayı önemli kılar; çünkü onları ilahi adaletin temsilcileri olarak kabul eder. Bu sebeple, yöneticilerin halka karşı adil olmaları gerektiğini vurgular. İslam âleminin büyük sûfîlerinden olan Mevlânâ Celâleddin Muhammed, hayatına birçok kıymetli eser sığdırmıştır. Bu eserlerinden birisi de Mevlânâ’nın çeşitli devlet adamlarına, âlimlere, bazı şahsiyetlere ve oğullarına yazdığı mektuplardan oluşan Mektubât adlı eseridir. Mevlânâ bu eserinde yer alan bazı mektuplarında öğretici ve bilgilendirici bir üslup kullanarak, ayet ve hadislerle mektuplarını daha etkili bir hale getirmekte ve dönemin devlet adamlarına nasihatler vermektedir. Mevlânâ Celâleddin’in “Mektubât” eseri, çeşitli vesilelerle devlet adamları ve dönemin önemli kişilerine yazdığı mektuplardan oluşmaktadır. Mevlânâ bu mektuplar vasıtasıyla devlet erkânına ve üst düzey yöneticilere nasihatlerde bulunarak onları ikaz ve hayırlı işlere teşvik etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu eser; Mevlânâ’nın şahsi hayatını ve yaşadığı dönemin toplumsal ve siyasal durumunu anlamak açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Mevlânâ Celâleddin Muhammed’in ilim yolunda geçirdiği hayatına ve Mektubât adlı eserine değinildikten sonra bu eserde yer alan dönemin yöneticilerine yazılan mektuplar irdelenecektir.
Penerapan Media Video Interaktif pada Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Pecahan Kelas V SD
Authors: Octaviani Emy Masfufah , Humairah Humairah , Khasanah Linaria Arofatul Ilmi Uswatun
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan teknologi mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat saat ini. Dengan latar belakang era digital dan globalisasi, pendidikan harus senantiasa beradaptasi dengan perkembangan teknologi. Guru dapat menggunakan sumber daya pendidikan pada kegiatan pembelajaran, akan tetapi banyak guru tidak menindak lanjuti sehingga tetap menerapkan metode ceramah yang mengakibatkan murid cenderung  tidak memperhatikan guru pada saat kegiatan belajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati bagaimana guru dan siswa berinteraksi serta mengetahui peningkatkan hasil belajar pada pendidikan matematika dengan media video interaktif. Siklus I dan II dari penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) ini terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa: (1) Guru melihat aktivitas siswa pada siklus I rata-rata 54,16% dan siklus II 88,54%, peningkatan siklus I dan II 34,8%; (2) Siswa melihat aktivitas guru pada siklus I rata-rata 48% dan siklus II 84%, peningkatan siklus I dan II 36%; dan (3) Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I rata-rata 48% dan siklus II 84%, peningkatan siklus I dan II 36%.
Harnessing marketing analytics for enhanced decision-making and performance in SMEs
Authors: Tochukwu Ignatius Ijomah  , Courage Idemudia  , Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo  , Kikelomo Fadilat Anjorin
Published: July 2024

In the contemporary business landscape, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly leveraging marketing analytics to enhance decision-making and improve performance. This paper explores the transformative impact of marketing analytics on SMEs, emphasizing its role in driving data-driven decisions that optimize marketing strategies, enhance customer engagement, and boost overall business performance. Through the systematic collection and analysis of data, SMEs can gain deeper insights into customer behaviors, preferences, and trends, enabling more targeted and effective marketing campaigns. The implementation of marketing analytics facilitates the measurement of key performance indicators (KPIs) such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and return on investment (ROI), providing a robust framework for evaluating the effectiveness of marketing initiatives. By utilizing various types of analytics, including descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics, SMEs can make informed decisions that not only respond to current market conditions but also anticipate future trends and opportunities. Moreover, the adoption of marketing analytics supports the personalization of customer experiences, allowing SMEs to deliver tailored content and offers that resonate with specific audience segments. This level of personalization fosters deeper customer relationships and increases the likelihood of conversions and customer loyalty. The continuous monitoring and analysis of marketing data enable SMEs to remain agile and responsive to changing market dynamics, ensuring that their marketing strategies remain relevant and effective. By embracing a data-driven approach, SMEs can minimize the risk of ineffective marketing efforts and allocate resources more efficiently, ultimately driving sustainable growth and competitive advantage. In conclusion, harnessing marketing analytics is crucial for SMEs aiming to enhance decision-making and performance. The ability to derive actionable insights from data empowers SMEs to optimize their marketing strategies, improve customer engagement, and achieve better business outcomes. As SMEs continue to navigate an increasingly data-driven world, the strategic use of marketing analytics will be pivotal in securing long-term success and growth.
The role of big data analytics in customer relationship management: Strategies for improving customer engagement and retention
Authors: Tochukwu Ignatius Ijomah  , Courage Idemudia  , Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo  , Kikelomo Fadilat Anjorin
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the transformative impact of Big Data Analytics on Customer Relationship Management (CRM), focusing on its role in enhancing customer engagement and retention. The study highlights how Big Data enables businesses to create personalized customer experiences, anticipate customer needs through predictive analytics, and respond promptly with real-time data analysis. Additionally, the paper discusses using sentiment analysis to refine engagement strategies and applying predictive models to prevent customer churn. The effectiveness of loyalty programs is also examined, demonstrating how Big Data can tailor incentives to boost customer loyalty. The conclusion emphasizes the need for future research into advanced machine learning techniques, ethical considerations, and developing more sophisticated real-time analytics tools. The findings underscore the pivotal role of Big Data in transforming CRM strategies, driving customer satisfaction, and ensuring long-term business success.
Influence of Electrolyte Concentration on Metal Removal Rate and Surface Finish Quality in Electrochemical Machining Masking
Authors: Elawadi Gaber A. , Alshoaibi Abdulnaser M. , Hadidi Haitham M.
Published: July 2024

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a specialized and precise manufacturing technique involving selective metal removal to achieve the desired shape or form. This article’s primary focus is examining the technical facets associated with the procedure. The elements mentioned encompass the system’s design and optimization, the electrolyte solution’s careful selection, and the precise control of the etching parameters. When considering the overall framework, it is essential to consider important factors such as the concentration of electrolytes, the operational voltage, and the value of the current flowing through the system. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of sodium chloride electrolyte on the metal removal rate (MRR). This will be achieved by utilizing a direct current power supply. The present investigation used aluminum, steel, and stainless steel materials as the substrate for experimentation. These materials were selected to have identical dimensions for the anode and cathode. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of varying concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mole/liter) of sodium chloride electrolyte on the material removal rate and surface roughness. The findings have been disclosed, revealing the utmost removal rate for aluminum, steel, and stainless-steel materials across all levels of electrolyte concentration. The experimental information is currently presented, related to the rates of metal removal at various electrolyte concentrations of 2 moles per liter. The rates of mass loss observed in aluminum are comparatively higher when compared to those surveyed in steel and stainless steel. The roughness of a machined surface is inversely proportional to the concentration of the electrolyte.
Rabindranath Tagore : A Profile Of His Eventful Life
Authors: Chakraborty Rituparna
Published: July 2024

This paper seeks to situate Rabindranath Tagore in the context of a larger discussion involving his family and its colonial transactions. This paper focuses on Tagore’s childhood, his youth, his international exposure, interactions, his journey from nationalism to universalism. His rich cultural lineage which played a great role in shaping his thoughts and planting in him the everlasting passion for art and literature is also emphasized.
Do the Imagination and Self-efficacy of Animation Majors Unlock the Gateway to Employment Kingdom?
Authors: Xu Tongfeng , Deeprasert Jirawan , Kanchanapoom Kessara , Li Lina , Duan Ninggui
Published: July 2024

Although university students' imagination is a critical factor in improving employability, few researchers in previous studies have used empirical research methods to demonstrate the relationship between university students' imagination and employability. This study investigated the effects of three factors measuring imagination—initiating imagination, conceiving imagination, and transforming imagination—as well as self-efficacy on employability. An empirical study was conducted with 391 animation university students, and the results found that initiating imagination, conceiving imagination, and transforming imagination can affect employability directly or indirectly through self-efficacy, respectively.
Perception and Evaluation of Text from an Interview with a Real Person and an Interview with an Artificial Intelligence]
Authors: Vasileva Despina
Published: July 2024

The article presents a study of perception, understanding and evaluation of two interviews, the first one is performed with a real person (from an expert source), and the second is generated by the ChatGPT artificial intelligence (AI). The study covers 84 participants between the ages of 20 and 23, students in “Psychology”, “Bulgarian Philology”, “Slavic Philology”, and “Russian Philology” from the Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The research design is of the “between-group” type (in this case, two-group). The first experimental group consisted of 40 subjects evaluates the interview with a real celebrity. The second experimental group consisted of 44 subjects evaluates the interview taken by an artificial intelligence. Both interviews consisted of ten identical questions and ten corresponding answers. Each of the ten answers is evaluated by the participants using a Likert Scale composed of 5-point score scales, each of which is “continuous” with 11 possible answer positions (from “0” to “10”), as follows: [1] inadequate / fully adequate; [2] non-specific (general) / completely specific; [3] non-exhaustive / fully exhaustive; [4] questionable / completely realistic; and [5] unsatisfactory / 10-completely satisfactory. A statistical analysis was made by a two-group test (Two Sample T-Test Unequal Variance). It was established that: consolidated answers (series of maximum ratings) when working with the “artificial” interview; in two of the ten questions asked, a statistically significant difference was observed in favor of the artificial text; in one of the questions, a statistically significant difference is observed in favor of the real interview; no difference in emotional impact and interest in summary assessment of the both pieces of text.
Theory of Cognition and Practical Interest in Kant: on the Distinction Between Appearance and Thing in Itslef
Authors: Lavranu Aliki
Published: July 2024

The article examines the significance of the distinction between phenomena and things in themselves for the foundation of Kantian practical reason. It holds that this distinction acquires its full meaning and the entire gamut of its validity only in the sphere of practical reason. In this way, it attempts to show that the Kantian epistemological distinctions and the fundamental steps in the construction of the Critique of Pure Reason are at the same time strategies to support practical reason, thus driven by an emphatically “practical interest”.
Comparative Efficiency Analysis of Tourist Destinations in Selected Countries of Southern and South East Europe
Authors: Ivanova Desislava , Genchev Evgeni
Published: July 2024

Our aim was to measure the efficiency of tourist destinations of selected countries from Southern and Southeast Europe. In order to assess the impact of the Covid pandemic on the efficiency of separate destinations we evaluated two year-long timeframes – 2019 and 2021. However, we remained quite cautious in our final assessment, due to the specifics of the tourism sector’s recovery. The study object included 19 countries in Southern and Southeast Europe. In order to complete the set tasks, we went through two stages: first, we formed two separate groups of countries with relatively homogenous indicators (K-cluster), and then we evaluated their relative efficiency, by using the tourism revenue (DEA) as an outcome variable.
Increasing Regional Competitiveness through Project Financing
Authors: Delchev Daniel
Published: July 2024

The notion that regional competitiveness can be fostered and controlled to enhance national competitiveness has gained increasing acceptance in the scientific community in recent years. Based on this, several initiatives have been developed and implemented to enhance the company’s competitiveness in specific target regions of Europe and Bulgaria through targeted project financing. This article aims to investigate and evaluate the concept of the “white field” in the competitiveness literature, as well as the influence of project financing on businesses’ competitiveness. The competitiveness of nations is a major topic in many publications. For many years, the World Economic Forum and other international organizations have developed and published country rankings based on the competitiveness index. However, the focus is on the macroeconomic (national) competitiveness context. Over the course of the last two EU program periods (2007 – 2013 and 2014 – 2020), several projects amounting to over BGN 2 billion were approved for funding under the Competitiveness Operational Program. The program is part of the EU cohesion funds and involves partial national financing. Regrettably, there is a lack of social and economic studies regarding the effects of these programs. In summarizing the author’s argument, it can be claimed that project financing in Bulgaria in recent years has failed to establish the conditions necessary to enhance business and regional competitiveness. The following sections of the article’s structure will serve to validate the thesis: The theoretical foundations explain the characteristics of various levels of competitiveness; regional competitiveness is defined, and data on the competitiveness of the municipality of Kardzhali is presented; project financing and regional competitiveness are analyzed based on project financing data in the municipality of Kardzhali. The introduction sets the stage for a discussion of the key definitions related to competitiveness and its dimensions.
Training of Personnel for Industry 5.0 through University Clubs Following the Example of the University of Ruse
Authors: Kirova Milena , Yordanova Daniela
Published: July 2024

Industry 5.0 requires an innovative approach in every area of life, requiring us to think about protecting the environment, creating quality of life and increasing efficiency in industry. Despite the conflicting feelings it arouses in the discussions about the new place of man in the labor market, all experts agree that a qualitatively new approach is needed in the training of personnel who can quickly adapt to emerging changes. The presented research discusses the changes that occur as a result of Industry 5.0 and provides guidance for the training of personnel in higher education institutions through the creation of university clubs, where a direct connection between students, employers and teachers/researchers is made. As a result, a synergistic effect should be obtained from the accumulation of knowledge, skills and competences, which will increase the employability of young people, encourage the development of scientific products dictated by the needs of the industry and increase the competitiveness of partner companies.
Dynamic Determinated Factors Analysis of Labour Productivity in the Bulgarian Energy Subsector
Authors: Mitev Veselin
Published: July 2024

This article presents a dynamic determined factor analysis of labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector for the period 2013 – 2022. The purpose of this article is to reveal the quantitative influences of the factors operating revenues and number of employed persons on the development of the indicator labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector through the averaged chain substitution method. The quantitative influences of operating revenues and number of employed persons on the deviation of the labour productivity indicator in the energy subsector are outlined. The results of the deterministic factor analysis make it possible to draw reasonable conclusions and to reveal the trends in the development of the factors operating revenues and number of employed persons, as well as the indicator of labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector.
Student and faculty perceptions of summative assessment methods in a Block and Blend mode of delivery
Authors: Braga Paulo Ricardo Vieira , Granero Carmen Mario Ortiz , Buck Ellen
Published: July 2024

The recent increase in the number of higher education institutions adopting block teaching has prompted questions about the appropriateness of assessment methods that were commonly used in a semesterised delivery model. This paper explores student and faculty perceptions of summative assessment methods in a block and blend mode of delivery at a higher education institution in the United Kingdom. In this study, we used a convergent mixed methods approach to explore student and faculty perceptions of different assessment methods as accurate evaluations of learning using surveys, combining Likert-type and open-ended questions. The findings highlight how traditional, single assessment methods occurring at the end of a block were perceived as less accurate in evaluating learning when compared to multiple smaller assessments that occur throughout a block. The thematic analysis revealed the latter was perceived as allowing for a broader range of skills to be evaluated while simultaneously facilitating effective workload management and timely feedback. These outcomes indicate the need for assessment redesign that considers the characteristics of a block and blend mode of delivery and illuminates the shared perception of students and faculty that multiple smaller assessments are more accurate evaluations of learning. Further research with larger, more diverse samples, accommodating for different fields of study, could further our understanding of effective assessment methods and inform our practice in a block and blend mode of delivery.
“Can we not do group stuff?”: Student insights on implementing co-creation in online intensive programs
Authors: Newell Samantha J. , Van Antwerpen Natasha
Published: July 2024

The demand for intensive educational experiences is increasing, necessitating a focus on ensuring quality and providing adequate student support. Increasing opportunities for student collaboration, including teacher/student co-creation of learning materials, has strong potential to increase engagement and support. Given increased interest in co-creation within education and research more broadly, we explored student perspectives on this novel approach within online intensive modes of teaching with a focus on feasibility and implementation. Two focus groups were conducted with students (N = 16), including discussion of their preferences and barriers for implementing co-creation initiatives in an intensive program. Thematic analysis was then conducted, generating five themes. Students see co-creation as beneficial for self-development and connections (Theme 1), but also identify barriers such as its perception as another group assignment (Theme 2). Students believe successful co-creation requires a “type” of student who is intrinsically motivated and career-driven (Theme 3). Concerns exist about co-creation being an additional workload, emphasising the need for clear roles (Theme 4). Students’ views on co-creation vary, with differing opinions on its practicality (Theme 5). The findings suggest that successful implementation of co-creation initiatives requires careful consideration of barriers while addressing student concerns and leveraging their intrinsic motivation. For educators in intensive programs, it is crucial to provide incentives, collaborate on feasible time slots, establish clear objectives and timelines, offer guidance and support, and celebrate student achievements to effectively incorporate co-creation activities. By understanding students’ perceptions and preferences, educators can better support student collaboration, which is crucial for students’ development in intensive programs.
CONSTITUTIVE MODELLING OF SANDS UNDER MONOTONIC LOADING
Authors: Safdar Muhammad , Shah Syed Haseeb , Qureshi Hamza Ahmad , Waseem Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the drained and undrained behavior of soils using a modified version of the original cam clay constitutive model. The strain hardening behavior of soils is one of the major challenges in geotechnical engineering. The constitutive equations are numerically integrated over fixed time steps to apply effective stress to the derived elastoplastic soil model. Convergence of solution is controlled by a constitutive relation, namely the associated flow rule. This study provides step by step Python and octave programs to solve for q"-" p by solving the associated non-linear system. The problem is formulated by assuming small strains in the elastic region and large strains in the plastic region. The transition from over-consolidated to normally consolidated states is predicted to be smooth by this elastoplastic model. The model is recognized and solved as a boundary value problem with only two effective stress variables namely q"-" p which is an approximation of three-dimensional invariants.
MATHEMATICAL APPROACH TO FORECAST THE ELECTRICITY CRISES IN PAKISTAN AND ITS MITIGATION
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Ali Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Electricity is widely recognized as the backbone of economic success and progress, playing a vital role in driving socioeconomic development. This comprehensive study conducted an in-depth analysis of Pakistan's electricity consumption and aimed to develop a suitable model for forecasting the country's future electricity consumption (E.C.). Due to the strong positive correlation between E.C. of different sectors with Population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), multiple linear regressions were employed for the analysis of electricity consumption. To predict population and GDP different mathematical model such as linear, Exponential, Polynomial and logarithmic models were applied on population and GDP data. In order to get the best fitted model a number of goodness-of-fit tests Coefficient of Determination, Sum of Square Errors, Sums of Square Regression, Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, And F- Statistics (Adj-R2, SSE, SSR, MSE, RMSE and F Statistics) applied and got the polynomial model to be the most effective one for population and GDP. According to the goodness-of-fit test-based models, Pakistan's population is on track for steady growth, with projections reaching approximately 244428310 in 2025 and further increasing to 319825879 in 2040. This indicates significant demographic changes on the horizon. At the same time, Pakistan's GDP per capita is expected to rise, starting at 1958.3 $ in 2025 and potentially reaching 3,210.9 $ in 2040, signifying a positive trajectory towards economic development and prosperity in the country. Based on the selected models suggested by goodness of fit tests, the study throws light on the expected future electricity consumption in Pakistan. According to these projections, the expected electricity consumption of Pakistan may reach 121,121.1 GWh in 2025, 138,861.8 GWh in 2030, 157,716.8 GWh in 2035, and 177,686.3 GWh in 2040 respectively.
ASSESSING THE CUMULATIVE EFFECTS OF HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE FROM COSMETIC PRODUCTS ON LOCAL CONSUMERS
Authors: Habib Umair , Pervaiz Azka , Murtaza Aliza , Hussain Amjad , Sarwar Hina , Ullah Munzer , Ayub Muhammad Adnan , Ahmad Naveed , Bashir Maria
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the comprehensive impact of heavy metals (HMs) on individuals who use cosmetic products daily compared to non-users (controlled group), encompassing both male and female subjects. Utilizing Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, concentrations of HMs in diverse cosmetic products were determined, with results from samples of both user and controlled groups analyzed and compared. The range of HM concentrations in blood samples was assessed, revealing varied levels across Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As). Results revealed a wide range of HM concentrations, including Cd (0.4-5.1 µg/l in males, 1.8-8.1µg/l in females), Hg (60.7-85.5 µg/l in males, 78.5-99.3 µg/l in females), Pb (48.7-99.5 µg/l in males, 83.3-99.5 µg/l in females), and As. Some samples exceeded safety limits, emphasizing the need for stringent regulation and improved manufacturing practices to ensure safer cosmetic products and protect consumer health. The incorporation of survey methodologies enhances the study's depth, providing comprehensive insights into the potential health risks associated with HM exposure from cosmetic use.
IN VIVO EVALUATION OF CURCUMIN REVEALS BIPHASIC ANGIOGENESIS ACTIVITY IN ZEBRAFISH EXPERIMENTAL MODEL
Authors: Nigade Priyanka P. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune - 411 048, Maharashtra, India, Gurav Ketaki V. , Pawar Utkarsha , Nikam Vandana S. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune - 411 048, Maharashtra, India,   Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune - 411 048, Maharashtra, India,   Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune - 411 048, Maharashtra, India
Published: July 2024

Curcumin, a prominent polyphenol compound present in Curcumin longa L., exhibits diverse pharmacological and biological effects. Its hydrophobic nature and poor bioavailability necessitate its solubilization in an amphiphilic solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for research purpose. The present study aims to characterize a DMSO-solubilized curcumin and assess the angiogenesis potential of curcumin in zebrafish and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Curcumin was characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the angiogenesis effect was evaluated using CAM and zebrafish embryos. The DMSO-solubilized curcumin’s UV-Vis spectrum revealed hypsochromatic shift in wavelength maximum from 425 to 347 nm, indicating solvent-curcumin interaction. Evaluation of angiogenesis activity in the CAM and zebrafish demonstrated dose-dependent promotion of angiogenesis. Curcumin’s biphasic, dose-dependent angiogenesis feature was validated in CAM and zebrafish models, affirming utility of zebrafish model for angiogenesis efficacy study. The solvent-curcumin interactions, molecular properties, and their therapeutic consequences need further investigation.