bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problems of Russia’s Integration into the Global Financial System
Authors: Kuznetsov A.
Published: February 2021

The author examines problems of Russia’s integration into the global financial system since early 1990s. During this short period of time Russia has turned from a net debtor into a net creditor. This is evidenced by its current net international investment position, as well as by active participation in the formation of credit resources of the key international financial institutions, particularly IMF. Still, the net investment income of Russia is negative. Such a disadvantage is explained by the difference in interest rates between payments of Russia on its external obligations and receipts as income from investments in foreign assets, mainly low-income bonds of developed countries, which form Russian international reserves. For three centuries the United Kingdom and the United States have been playing key role in the development of the global financial system. Today London and New York still operate nearly two thirds of the volume of global flows of capital in the international financial markets. Thus, as one of major economies in terms of GDP and as a resource-richest country of the world, Russia, as author argues, can rightfully claim for a more adequate share of income from the global financial intermediation. Obstacles include the lack of development of the domestic financial market and insufficient international demand for financial instruments denominated in Rubles. Russian Ruble remains a purely internal currency which practically is not used in the international trading and financial operations. At this stage, Russia’s inability to influence the basic conditions of refinancing on international capital markets, as well as the recent Western sanctions make impossible the full-scale participation of Russia in the processes of financial globalization. The author concludes that alternative way of Russia’s entry into the global financial system lays in playing the key role in the creation of the regional financial market of the Eurasian Economic Space.
Political Ambitions of European “Pirates”
Authors: Rovinskaya T.
Published: February 2021

The paper thoroughly examines the ideological essence, political goals, structure, electoral achievements and international protest activities of the Pirate Movement, consisting of national Pirate Parties worldwide and the Pirate Parties International. The Pirate ideology arose in mid-2000s in response to information society biases, and is paying special attention to the freedom of non-commercial information exchange in the Internet, individual privacy, transparency of state politics and direct citizens' involvement with flexible Internet-tools (Liquid Democracy concept). This relatively new political force has made a vivid progress in electoral field within a short time (since 2006 till present). The representatives of the most successful Pirate Parties (in Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Switzerland, France, Spain, Croatia and Iceland) hold deputy's seats in municipal, regional, national and supranational state agencies, including the European Parliament. In many other countries of the world the "Pirates" are also registered officially and participate in elections; in some countries the Pirate Parties are active, though not yet registered. Except for electoral activity, the Pirate Parties organize joint protest campaigns against national laws/state programs and international agreements that violate the information freedom and civil rights (i.e. PRISM, ACTA). These campaigns also serve for unification and growth of the international Pirate Movement. The Pirate Parties have quickly transformed from populist groups into a political force aspiring to equitable participation in political process along with traditional political parties, challenging them in a certain way. The Pirate ideology will be in demand as long as it will give a resultative solution for specific problems of a post-industrial society in the context of democracy.
International Dimension of Population Policy
Authors: Klupt M.
Published: February 2021

Change in political, cultural and financial dimensions of international population agenda over the last half century is considered. Cross-country comparisons reveal path dependence phenomenon. France, where “Malthusian spirit” was long castigated, contributed a lower share of its GDP to international family planning programs than did the US and UK, where Malthusianism always found political support. The controversies over the usage of Kemp–Kasten amendment influenced the structure of the US international population assistance rather than its total volume. Religious NGOs went on international population arena in the 2000s and polarized its non-governmental segment. These NGOs defend the traditional family and declare full respect for national religious and ethical values; their position has some coincidence points with Russia’s standpoint in the UN population debates. The reasons for increasing disagreements between Russia and the West over the key items of both international and Russian domestic population agenda are reviewed. At least 80 per cent of Russians, as the surveys show, believe that the government must strive for fertility growth. Russia’s state-run demographic policy, underlain by this vox populi and aimed at fertility increase, discords with the Western international agenda, which prioritizes the global governance, sexual rights and sexual education of youth. Despite the gloomy UN projection (the 2000 Revision) which predicted shrinking of Russia’s population size to 133.0 million in 2015, it achieved 146.3 Million (including 2.3 Million in Crimea). Nevertheless, most of Western experts argue that the “wrong” Russian demographic policy cannot give positive effect. Given this values’ divide, it would be reasonable to intensify coordination between Russia and other BRICS countries in international population debates and to move cooperation with the West to the issues which are not overloaded by the conflicts of values.
PELATIHAN EMPATI UNTUK MENURUNKAN PERILAKU BULLYING PADA PELAKU BULLYING DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Izzah Lailatul , Sukarti Sukarti , Gusniarti Uly
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of empathy training to reduce bullying behavior on the offender bullying in primary school. Subjects in this study were 10-11 years old who have low and medium empathy scores nor high and medium bullying behavior. There were eight students who become participants in this study. The data were collected by using interview, observation, peer relations questionaires, bullying scales, and empathy scales. This study was using one group pretest-posttest design. The data were analyzed by using quantitative analysis of two related sample test by Wilcoxon. The results showed that empathy scores (Z=-2.52, p=0.012 (p<0.05)) and bullying scores (Z=-2.207, p=0.027 (p<0.05)) underwent a significant change pretest-posttest. Meanwhile, empathy scores Z=-1.452, p=0.146 (p>0.05)) and bullying scores (Z=-1.897, p=0.058 (p>0.05)) had no significant changes posttest- follow up. Furthermore, empathy scores (Z=-2.530, p=0.011 (p<0.05)) and bullying scores (Z=-2.533, p=0.011 (p<0.05)) underwent a significant change pretest- follow-up.
EFEKTIVITAS COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY UNTUK MENURUNKAN BODY SHAME
Authors: Regita Cahyani Riananda , Lubabin Nuqul Fathul
Published: February 2021

Individuals who are unable to comply with the standards of ideal physical conditions found in the community are vulnerable to criticism or scorn. Criticism of the individual's physical appearance performed by other people and themselves tend to make individuals experience feelings of shame about their bodies. One of the factors that influence body shame is the thoughts individuals have about their physical condition. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce the level of body shame. This research method uses quasi-experiments. The research subjects were 17 people. The experimental group was given Cognitive behavior therapy while the control group was given makeup skills training or Beauty Class. Data analysis used by using One-way ANOVA. The results showed that effective Cognitive Behavior Therapy to reduce the body shame level of research subjects compared to Beauty Class
TERAPI RUQYAH SYAR’IYYAH MENINGKATKAN KEBAHAGIAAN PEREMPUAN KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Mifti Jayanti Arini , Nashori Fuad , Rumiani Rumiani
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to explore ruqyah Syar’iyyah therapy effectiveness as a therapy to increase the happiness of domestic violence women. The assumption is the ruqyahsyar’iyyahbe able to increase the happiness. The subjects of the research are the age of on 18 years, who are victims of violence having average or low happiness scale. There scale used in the research is scale that arranged based on aspects of Seligman (2005). The data is analyzed by Mann Whitney. The results of the hypothesis done by using analysis Mann Whitney, obtained value U of 10.500 with p = 0.225 (p > 0.05) while on pascatest obtained by 0.000 with p = 0.004 (p<0.01). On a followup obtained value of 0.000 with p = 0.004 (p<0.01). The result of the hypothesis show that there is a difference level of happiness significant before and after given ruqyahsyar’iyyah therapy in of abused women.
Basic Properties of the Polygonal Sequence
Authors: Adegoke Kunle
Published: February 2021

We study various properties of the polygonal numbers; such as their recurrence relations; fundamental identities; weighted binomial and ordinary sums; partial sums and generating functions of their powers; and a continued fraction representation for them. A feature of our results is that they are presented naturally in terms of the polygonal numbers themselves and not in terms of arbitrary integers; unlike what obtains in most literature.
Prediction of Dimensional Changes of Low-cost Metal Material Extrusion Fabricated Parts Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Zhang Zhicheng , Femi-Oyetoro James , Fidan Ismail , Ismail Muhammad , Allen Michael
Published: February 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerged layer-by-layer manufacturing process. However, its broad adoption is still hindered by limited material options, different fabrication defects, and inconsistent part quality. Material extrusion (ME) is one of the most widely used AM technologies, and, hence, is adopted in this research. Low-cost metal ME is a new and AM technology used to fabricate metal composite parts using sintered metal infused filament material. Since the involved materials and process are relatively new, there is a need to investigate the dimensional accuracy of ME fabricated metal parts for real-world applications. Each step of the manufacturing process, from the material extrusion to sintering, might significantly affect the dimensional accuracy. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of dimensional changes of metal samples fabricated by the ME and sintering process, using statistical and machine learning algorithms. Machine learning (ML) methods can be used to assist researchers in sophisticated pre-manufacturing planning and product quality assessment and control. This study compares linear regression to neural networks in assessing and predicting the dimensional changes of ME made components after 3D printing and sintering process. The prediction outcomes using a neural network performed the best with the highest accuracy as compared to regression. The findings of this study can help researchers and engineers to predict the dimensional variations and optimize the printing and sintering process parameters to obtain high quality metal parts fabricated by the low-cost ME process.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion – Flexible Enabling Technology for Variable Renewable Energy Integration in the Caribbean
Authors: Brecha R. J. , Schoenenberger Katherine , Ashtine Masaō , Koon Koon Randy
Published: February 2021

Many Caribbean island nations have historically been heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels for both power and transportation, while at the same time being at an enhanced risk from the impacts of climate change, although their emissions represent a very tiny fraction of the global total responsible for climate change. Small island developing states (SIDS) are among the leaders in advocating for the ambitious 1.5°C Paris Agreement target and the transition to 100% sustainable, renewable energy systems. In this work we present three central results. First, we show through GIS mapping of all Caribbean islands the potential for near-coastal deep-water as a resource for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) and couple these results with an estimate of the countries for which OTEC would be most advantageous due to a lack of other dispatchable renewable power options. Second, hourly data have been utilized to explicitly show the trade-offs between battery storage needs and dispatchable renewable sources such as OTEC in 100% renewable electricity systems, both in technological and economic terms. Finally, the utility of near-shore, open-cycle OTEC with accompanying desalination is shown to enable a higher penetration of renewable energy and lead to lower system levelized costs than those of a conventional fossil fuel system.
Living With Legacy Risk – the Limits of Practicalities?
Authors: ALE BEN J.M. , Hartford Des N.D. , Slater David H.
Published: February 2021

Legacy risks from infrastructures and industrial installations often reveal themselves when a potential for failure has been discovered much later than at the stage of the design and construction of a structure. In which case, there might already be a problem with the legacy installation, or even a crisis, without having had an accident. When the hazard cannot be taken away, the question arises as to how much effort, if any, should be spent on improving the situation. The usefulness of the three archetypical approaches to this problem: setting a standard, the As Low As Reasonably Practicable approach and a case-by-case discourse approach are discussed for their applicability for these legacy risks. Although it would be desirable to retrofit legacy risks to previously set legal requirements as is the case when acceptability limits are set in law or demonstration of ALARP is demanded, it may be impossible to reduce the residual risk to an otherwise acceptable level without taking away or replacing the infrastructure, which is not acceptable either. Therefor in conclusion the only available solution to persistent legacy risk problems seems to be to have a thorough discussion with all relevant stakeholders until an agreement is in some way found.
Paediatric Type1 Diabetes Management and Mothers’ Emotional Intelligence Interactions
Authors: Žilinskienė Jolanta , Šumskas Linas , Antinienė Dalia
Published: February 2021

The functioning of the parents’ emotional sphere is very important to a child’s mental and physical health. This study focused on investigating the association between mothers’ emotional intelligence (EI) and paediatric type I diabetes (T1DM) disease management in their children. We hypothesized that mothers’ EI is associated with T1DM outcomes. Mothers of children with T1DM aged 6-12 years were surveyed. One hundred and thirty-four mothers, the main caregivers of their diabetic children, provided measures of EI and completed a demographic questionnaire. The primary indicator of diabetes management was haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; the main form of glycosylated haemoglobin). EI scales and subscales were associated with glycaemic management indices. Logistic regression analysis was applied for the assessment of the association between parents’ EI and their paediatric with T1DM disease management. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between T1DM management and mothers’ ability to understand and control own emotions, to transform their own negative emotions into positive and to control own negative emotions. Mothers’ EI scales and subscales of understanding and regulating their own emotions, subscales of transforming their own negative emotions into positive ones and controlling their own negative emotions were statistically reliable predictors of glycaemic control in children with T1DM.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantu Media Quiziz Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Islam Al Azhar 7 Solo Baru Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Fitria Fitria
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti PJJ sosiologi materi diferensiasi dan stratifikasi sosial melalui media game edukasi quiziz. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek murid kelas XI IPS 1 sebanyak 20 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tingkat keaktifan siswa pada siklus 1 yaitu 70% dan siklus 2 yaitu 90%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media game edukasi quiziz dapat meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti PJJ sosiologi kelas XI IPS 1 materi diferensiasi dan stratifikasi sosial
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING MELALUI GOOGLE CLASSROOM DI SMA NEGERI 1 BAYAT
Authors: Ambarsari Tyas
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar sosiologi materi globalisasi  melalui model discovery learning  pada google classroom. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan subjek penelitian kepada peserta didik kelas XII IPS 1 di  SMAN 1 Bayat berlokasi Kabupaten Klaten semester I Tahun Pelajaran  2020/2021 sebanyak 22 peserta didik, terdiri dari 8 laki-laki, 14 perempuan. Metode yang digunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan desain penelitian menggunakan Kemmis dan Mac Taggart yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan tes. Dari hasil penelitian pra siklus  melalui hasil Penilaian Tengah Semester menunjukkan ketuntasan 41%. Kemudian meningkat di siklus I dan siklus II yaitu siklus I ( 63,6%) dan siklus II (86,6%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan penerapan discovery learning melalui google classroom dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Bayat Klaten.
MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SOSIOLOGI MELALUI VIDEO NARASI CERITA KARYA SISWA DENGAN PLATFORM GOOGLE CLASSROOM
Authors: Mustaufan Ahmad
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana model pembelajaran project based learning video narasi cerita dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sosiologi pada pokok bahasan masalah social dalam arus globalisasi di kelas XII IPS 2 SMA N 1 Mayong Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning video narasi cerita. Pada setiap siklus peneliti melakukan pengamatan dan survey untuk mengetahui tingkat minat belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil observasi siswa mengalami perkembangan pengondisian pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil survey yang dilakukan penulis terhadap 32 siswa terdapat 36,7% siswa memiliki minat belajar yang cukup tinggi pada tahap pra siklus. Kemudian pada siklus I memiliki nilai 54,9% dan pada siklus II memiliki nilai 70,2%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran model pembelajaran project based learning video narasi cerita dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sosiologi pokok bahasan masalah social dalam arus globalisasi kelas XII IPS 2 SMA N 1 Mayong Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021.
PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA BAHARI (Studi Deskriptif Pada Pelaku Pengembangan Pariwisata Bahari Pantai Watukarung Desa Watukarung Kecamatan Pringkuku Kabupaten Pacitan)
Authors: Sayogi Karina Wulan , Demartoto Argyo
Published: February 2021

Abstract :  Tourism has become one of the world's largest industry after oil and gas. Tourism in Indonesia is very complex to be developed into a marine tourism including Watukarung in Pacitan Regency. This research aims to know the marine tourism potential, supporting and restricting factors, strategies, as well as the impact of tourism development on the coast of Watukarung in the village of Watukarng sub-district of Pacitan Regency East Java Pringkuku using a theory of Pierre Bourdieu F Practices. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The technique of sampling with the purposive sampling. The technique of data collection by observation, interview and documentation. The results of this research show that the tourism potential of the natural potential of the particular form of coastal marine coast Watukarung; social potential that is the attitude of the pillars and royong community; the economic potential that is people's livelihoods as fishermen and tourism businesses in the form of food stalls, homestay, laundry cleaning, and manufacture souvenirs; and potential of culture is karawitan, ketoprak, rontek, and the hadrah.

 

Keywords: Marine tourism, beach, development, supporting and restricting factors, the impact

 

Abstrak: Pariwisata telah menjadi salah satu industri terbesar di dunia setelah minyak dan gas. Pariwisata di Indonesia sangat kompleks untuk dikembangkan menjadi wisata bahari termasuk Watukarung di Kabupaten Pacitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi wisata bahari, faktor pendukung dan pembatas, strategi, serta dampak pengembangan pariwisata di pesisir Watukarung di Desa Watukarang Kecamatan Prapuku Kabupaten Pacitan Jawa Timur menggunakan teori Pierre Bourdieu F Praktik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa potensi wisata potensi alam berupa bentuk pantai pesisir laut tertentu Watukarung; potensi sosial yaitu sikap pilar dan komunitas royong; potensi ekonomi yang merupakan mata pencaharian masyarakat sebagai nelayan dan usaha pariwisata dalam bentuk warung makan, homestay, laundry, dan pembuatan souvenir; dan potensi budaya adalah karawitan, ketoprak, rontek, dan hadrah.

 

Kata kunci: Wisata bahari, pantai, pengembangan, faktor pendukung dan pembatasan, dampaknya
PERILAKU SOSIAL PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Widyawati Defi Putri , Sudarsana Sudarsana
Published: February 2021

This study was designed to describe the social conversations of callous women in Surakarta. As well as describing the factors that cause women to behave as callous women in Surakarta. This research is a case study using qualitative research. The subjects of the study were prostitutes, adolescent women as college students and single citizens in the Surakarta area as informants. Data collection using the method of observation and interviews in. Researchers are the main research instruments that provide observation guidelines and interview guidelines. Data analysis techniques used are data display, data reduction, and conclusions are drawn. Triangulation used is source triangulation. The results showed that the average informant who was a prostitute woman was still a girl. Regarding the work of the average informant has a main job Although small businesses, because the status as a prostitute woman calls only side. As parents, the average daughter does not know if she has worked as a prostitute. Informant's motivation in working as a prostitute woman on average wants to get more income to meet her needs. In choosing a job as a prostitute woman the average call informant has never had a plan towards being a prostitute woman, and never the status of prostitute women looking for work goals. Actions taken at work, as a tuna woman, and this information is only doubled, within 2 hours can be done to meet their needs for several months. In conducting discussions with coworkers in supermarkets and colleagues in entertainment venues, information on average is not difficult, they can work together, help each other, and foster good relations with one another. The average informant who has fear of the dangers of HIV that befell him. Make them always check their female health to the doctor. The thought of quitting work as immoral women asks all of them to stop because they also understand that this is not good to continue until old age. Factors that can cause informants to plunge into the world of prostitutes are high economic factors.
DINAMIKA PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PARRIWISATA DI DAERAH PESISIR KABUPATEN REMBANG (Studi Deskriptif Obyek Wisata Pantai Karang Jahe Desa Punjulharjo Kecamatan Rembang, Kabupaten Rembang)
Authors: Yuanita Rizka Adhe , Gutama Thomas Aquinas
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran perempuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata di daerah pesisir Kabupaten Rembang dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peran perempuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata di daerah pesisir Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran perempuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata di daerah pesisir Pantai Karang Jahe Desa Punjulharjo Kabupaten Rembang sangat berperan dalam atraksi dan penyediaan fasilitas di kawasan wisata Pantai Karang Jahe. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dari keterlibatan peran perempuan dalam kegiatan pelatihan-pelatihan yang diadakan oleh pihak-pihak terkait dan menyediaakan fasilitas wisata dengan membuka kegiatan usaha seperti berdagang di kawasan wisata untuk menyediakan kebutuhan-kebutuhan pengunjung. Akan tetapi dalam aksesbilitasi dan tourism organization, peran perempuan dirasa masih kurang karena hanya sedikit yang terlibat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi peran perempuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata Pantai Karang Jahe ini berupa : kurangnya koordinasi, kurangnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan, masih menganut sistem patriarki dan masih adanya budaya nenek moyang yang dianut.
TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL EKOMNOMI MASYARAKAT DESA PANDES ATAS PERAN KOMUNITAS PEDULI SUNGAI UJUNG HILIR (KPSUH)
Authors: Darmawan Niko , Santosa Bambang
Published: February 2021

Komunitas Peduli Sungai Ujung Hilir (KPSUH) is a river community located in Pandes Village, Klaten Regency with its background was formed because it considers the environment in the region.The research aims to understand how the role of the community in transforming the socio-economy community, understanding the supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the benefits and thoughts of the community. The subject in this qualitative study is Komunitas Peduli Sungai Ujung Hilir using the functional structural of the Talcott Parsons. Sampling is naturalistic inquiry with observations, interviews and documentation. Data validity with source triangulation. KPSUH has a work program in completing the program named Pandawa. The purpose of the community is to reduce the waste that has become an old problem, to restore and restore the function of the river to restore in propely. In this study, the communities that participated in the transformation that occurred in the Ujung Hilir River area both in terms of ecology and society. KPSUH received support from both the community and the village administration of Pandes. The barriers needed by the community are the time required and considerable energy in the process of chane, factors from outside of Pandes area and misinformation. The benefit of this community role is the transformation in the socio-economic field received by residents who can now utilize the river area for positive activities.
Carriers and Amphibs: Shibboleths of Sea Power
Authors: Kuehn John
Published: February 2021

This article argues that American naval force packages built around aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships no longer serve maritime security interests as effectively as in the past. It further claims that the current commitment in the published maritime strategy of the United States to the twin shibboleths of “carriers and amphibs” comes from a variety of attitudes held by senior decision makers and military leaders. This commitment betrays both cultural misunderstanding or even ignorance of seapower—“sea blindness”—as well as less than rational attachments to two operational capabilities that served the United States well in the past, but in doing so engendered emotional commitments that are little grounded in the facts.
The Problems Facing United States Marine Corps Amphibious Assaults
Authors: Yeadon Steven
Published: February 2021

There are calls by some experts to accept that an amphibious assault of coastline is simply too risky to attempt due to current threats. So, what are the challenges facing amphibious assaults? Is the amphibious assault still a viable type of military operation in the current threat environment? These questions are at the heart of the mission and role of the United States Marine Corps. This analysis delves deep into the problems facing amphibious assaults, and it serves as a primer for future discussions pertaining to improving amphibious assault capabilities.
Tren Model Bisnis Kolaborasi Antar Perusahaan Startup Perspektif Bisnis Islam
Authors: Tazkiyyaturrohmah Rifqy
Published: February 2021

Memasuki era industri 4.0 membuka peluang besar bagi bisnis digital di Indonesia. Para pelaku bisnis yang mayoritas berasal dari generasi milenial tentu turut meramaikan gaung ini. Perusahaan rintisan (startup) yang biasanya bergerak di bidang teknologi dan aplikasi secara perlahan namun pasti turut mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan. Dibuktikan dengan beberapa data yang menyebutkan bahwa Indonesia menempati peringkat ke empat dunia dalam jumlah perusahaan startup. Bahkan Indonesia sendiri setidaknya  memiliki 4 unicorn dari jumlah total 8 unicorn di ASEAN. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan startup di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah model bisnis kolaorasi antar beberapa startup untuk mengembangkan perusahaan. Disini peneliti ingin memaparkan bagaimana bisnis kolaborasi itu jika dilihat melalui perspekttif Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, yang mana memfokuskan kepada studi fenomenologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bisnis kolaborasi antar perusahaan startup dianggap sudah memenuhi unsur-unsur etika bisnis dalam Islam, yang memuat kesatuan, kejujuran, keadilan, kebenaran, kebajikan, kehendak bebas dan tanggung jawab. Pola bisnis kolaborasi pun dirasa cukup menguntungkan bagi semua pihak, baik antar perusahaan startup yang melakukan kolaborasi dan juga bagi masyarakat yang menjadi konsumen. [Entering the fourth industrial era, it opens up a great opportunities for digital businesses in Indonesia. The majority of business people who come from millennial generation certainly helped enliven this phenomenon. Startups which are usually engaged in technology and applications are slowly but surely also experiencing the significant developments. Evidenced by some data that says that Indonesia ranks fourth in the world in the number of startup companies. Indonesia also has at least 4 unicorns out of a total of 8 unicorns in ASEAN. There are several factors that influence the development of startups in Indonesia, one of which is the business model of collaboration between several startups to develop a company. Through this study, the researcher explains the collaboration of business that viewed by the perspective of Islam. This research is a qualitative research with the descriptive method, which focuses on the study of phenomenology. The results of this study are the business collaboration between startup companies considered to have fulfilled the elements of business ethics in Islam, which contain unity, fair, equilimbrium, truth, wisdom, free will and responsibility. The business collaboration pattern is also considered quite beneficial for all parties, both startup companies that collaborate and also for people who are the consumers.]
HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM RAMAH GENDER: ELABORASI HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DENGAN KONSEP MUBADALAH
Authors: Imtihanah Anis Hidayatul
Published: February 2021

Artikel ini mengelaborasi hukum keluarga Islam dengan prinsip mubadalah yang bertujuan untuk meminimalisir praktik dominasi, subordinasi dan bahkan kekerasan dalam keluarga. Sehingga sangat perlu mengangkat topik tentang relasi gender suami istri dalam keluarga untuk “membuka mata” akan pentingnya relasi yang sadar gender. Melalui kajian ini, diharapkan mampu mempertahankan akar hukum keluarga Islam yang ramah gender sehingga tidak akan ada lagi praktik dominasi dan subordinasi dalam kehidupan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan (library research) dengan mengkaji berbagai macam sumber literatur yang berkaitan dengan topik relasi gender dalam keluarga sekaligus memadukannya dengan pendekatan feminis. Berdasarkan hasil penulusuran dari berbagai sumber referensi dijelaskan bahwa pola relasi suami istri yang baik itu adalah berdasar pada prinsip Al- Mu’asyarah bi Al- Ma’ruf. Hal tersebut akan terwujud jika kedua belah pihak yaitu suami istri saling memahami sekaligus menjalankan hak-hak dan kewajibannya secara resiprokal dan proposional, sehingga akan tercipta keselarasan. Tidak ada dominasi antara suami istri karena keduanya adalah saling melengkapi. Selain itu, keberadaan prinsip mubadalah dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam merupakan sebuah keniscayaan untuk mewujudkan tatanan hukum yang ramah gender dalam keluarga Islam. [This study elaborates on Islamic family law with the principle of mubadalah which aims to minimize the practice of domination, subordination and even violence in the family. Moreover, the discussion also reveals the importance of gender-awareness relations in the family life. Through this study, it is expected to be able to maintain the root of Islamic family law in the gender-friendly relation point of view. So, there will be no more practices of domination and subordination in the domestic life. This research uses the library research method by examining various sources of literature related to the topic of gender relations in the family and also involves the feminist approach. The results show that the pattern of an ideal relationship between husband and wife is based on the principle of Al-Mu'asyarah bi Al-Ma’ruf. It can be realized if the husband and wife can understand each other and at the same time carry out their rights and obligations proportionally and reciprocally, thereby the harmony can be realized. There is no domination between husband and wife because both are complementary. In addition, the existence of the principle of mubadalah in Islamic Family Law is a necessity to realize and optimize a gender-friendly legal order in the Islamic family.]
Smartphone Based Alerting of First Responders During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ganter Julian , Damjanovic Domagoj , Trummer Georg , Busch Hans-Jörg , Baldas Klemens , Hänsel Mike , Müller Michael Patrick
Published: February 2021

Background

Smartphone Alerting Systems (SAS) for first responders potentially shorten the resuscitation-free interval of patients with acute cardiac arrest. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many systems were suspended due to potential risks for the responders. Therefore, a COVID-19 concept for the SAS in Freiburg/Germany was established and evaluated.
Methods

Due to the pandemic, SAS was stopped in March 2020. A concept for a safe restart was elaborated with provision of a set with ventilation bag/mask, airway filter and personal protective equipment (PPE) for every volunteer. A standard operating procedure followed the COVID-19 guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC). Willingness of the participants to respond alarms during the pandemic was investigated using an online survey.
Results

The system was restarted in May 2020. The willingness to respond to alarms was lower during the pandemic without PPE. It remained lower than before the pandemic when the volunteers had been equipped with PPE, but the alarm response rate remained at approximately 50% during the ongoing pandemic.
Conclusions

When volunteers are equipped with PPE, the operation of a SAS does not need to be paused, and the willingness to respond remains high among first responders.
Comprehensive single-cell gene and isoform expression analysis reveals signatures of ageing in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Mincarelli Laura , Uzun Vladimir , Wright David , Rushworth Stuart , Haerty Wilfried , Macaulay Iain
Published: February 2021

Single-cell approaches have revealed that the haematopoietic hierarchy is a continuum of differentiation, from stem cell to committed progenitor, marked by changes in gene expression. However, many of these approaches neglect isoform level information, and thus do not capture the extent and effect of alternative splicing within the system. Here, we present the first integrated short- and long-read single-cell RNA-seq of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We demonstrate that over half of genes detected in standard short-read single-cell analyses are expressed as multiple, often functionally distinct, isoforms. This includes many transcription factors and key cytokine receptors, and in particular the Thrombopoietin receptor Mpl, which displays complex isoform expression patterns between individual hematopoietic stem cells. The dataset further reveals novel signatures of hematopoietic ageing, including a global increase in lncRNA expression. Strikingly, the long-read sequencing enables us to observe aberrant expression of full-length VJ-rearranged immunoglobulin kappa transcripts in aged haematopoietic stem cells, prior to lymphoid commitment. Integrating single cell and cell-type specific isoform landscape in normal and aged hematopoiesis provides a new reference for accurate molecular profiling of heterogeneous tissues, as well as novel insights into transcriptional complexity, cell-type specific splicing events and effects of ageing.
Safety and Efficacy of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy with Anlotinib Targeted Therapy for Glioblastoma at First Recurrence: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Guan Yun , Li Jing , Gong Xiu , Zhu Huaguang , Li Chao , Mei Guanghai , Liu Xiaoxia , Pan Li , Dai Jiazhong , Wang Yang , Wang Enmin , Wang Xin , Liu Ying
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe optimal treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) remains uncertain. Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies (e.g., bevacizumab) have been reported to have a promising survival benefit and acceptable toxicity in recent studies. Anlotinib is a new orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and c-kit. It has dual anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour growth effects. This preliminary study describes our initial experience with HSRT and anlotinib as a salvage treatment for rGBM.MethodsBetween December 2019 and June 2020, rGBM patients treated with HSRT using CyberKnife concurrently with anlotinib were retrospectively analysed. Anlotinib was prescribed at 12 mg daily during HSRT. Adjuvant anlotinib was administered at 12 mg d1-14 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) determined by the treating investigators using the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria, and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) after salvage treatment, and toxicity. Toxicity was assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) 5.0.ResultsWe retrospectively reviewed five patients who received salvage HSRT and anlotinib for recurrent GBM.The median planning target volume (PTV) was 26.94 cm3 (5.53–54.41 cm3). The prescribed dose was 25.0 Gy in 5 fractions. The median number of cycles of anlotinib was 9 (4–15) cycles. The median baseline Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) was 80 (70–90). The follow-up ranged from 4 to 10 months. The ORR was 100%. Three (60%) patients had a best outcome of a partial response (PR), and 2 (40%) achieved a complete response (CR). No patients died or had progressive disease (PD) at the last follow-up. Two patients had grade 2 hand-foot syndrome, which was relieved after dermatologic treatments, and no other grade 3 or higher toxicities were recorded.ConclusionsSalvage HSRT combined with anlotinib showed a favourable outcome and acceptable toxicity for rGBM patients in this preliminary report. A prospective phase II study (NCT04197492) is ongoing to further investigate the value of HSRT combined with anlotinib in rGBM.
Low-dose nanotherapy-mediated site-specific inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps for immunoregulatory treatment of asthma
Authors: Ma Yongchang , Li Lanlan , Hu Yi , Han Songling , Yang Qinghua , Pu Wendan , Zhang Xiangjun , Zhang Jianxiang
Published: February 2021

Asthma, one of the most common lung diseases, remains a serious global healthy problem. Currently there is still an urgent need for effective and safe therapies against severe asthma. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have emerged as a new therapeutic target for different diseases, while precision regulation of NETs is highly challenging. Here, we report site-specific attenuation of oxidative stress in lung neutrophils via a cyclic oligosaccharide-derived nanotherapy (termed as TPCN) effectively inhibited the development of mouse neutrophilic asthma, a typical phenotype of severe asthma. Therapeutically, TPCN delivered via either intravenous injection or inhalation can distribute in lung neutrophils of asthmatic mice, thereby significantly mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, reversing airway remodelling, and improving pulmonary function. Notably, TPCN is effective even at an actual inhalation dose as low as 0.063 mg/kg. Mechanistically, therapeutic benefits of TPCN are achieved by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced formation of NETs, which further promotes immune homeostasis via regulating balance between regulatory T (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Thus, TPCN holds great promise for precision therapy of neutrophilic asthma, while the ROS-NETs-Treg/Th17 pathway can function as intriguing therapeutic targets for the treatment of severe asthma and other neutrophil-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Explosion as a phase transition due to the change of the gradient symmetry of the distortion tensor.
Authors: Braginsky Alexander
Published: February 2021

It is shown that the destruction of a continuous elastic medium is a phase transition associated with a change in the gradient symmetry of the equations of state for the distortion tensor. The equations of state for the distortion tensor, as a compensating field of the minimal fundamental interaction, are derived from the action minimum. In a continuous elastic medium, the distortion tensor is proportional to the conjugate stress tensor. The continuous medium is destroyed at critical stresses or pressures. At the same time, the vortex tension of the distortion tensor penetrates into it and the elasticity disappears. As a result of this phase transition, linear defects and cracks are formed in solids state, and high-temperature plasma occurs in the gas and an explosion occurs. It is shown that the explosion and lightning are the same phase transition, which is caused by the occurrence of a critical vortex tension of the distortion tensor.
The minimal interaction induced by the translation subgroup has a gap and possible relates to the strong fundamental interaction.
Authors: Braginsky Alexander
Published: February 2021

The paper investigates the low-symmetric state of the compensating field of the distortion tensor and proves that there is a gap in this state. It is shown that the distortion tensor is the compensating field of the minimal interaction induced by the translation subgroup. On the example of electron pairing in a Cooper pair it was proved that the distortion tensor is responsible for the electron-phonon interaction. In this paper, for the first time, an exact wave solution for sound pressure in a continuous medium is obtained from the equations of state for the distortion tensor. It is shown that the sound is described as "massive" wave of the distortion tensor, the spectrum of which has the minimal frequency, which corresponds to a gap. The presence of a gap in the low-symmetric state gives grounds to believe that the distortion tensor, as a compensating interaction field, describes a strong fundamental interaction. As it is known, the description of the gap in the strong fundamental interaction is declared a Millennium problem by the Clay Mathematical Institute (CMI).
Unveiling the third dimension in morphometry with automated quantitative volumetric computations
Authors: Frank Lawrence R. , Rowe Timothy B. , Boyer Doug M. , Witmer Lawrence M. , Galinsky Vitaly L.
Published: February 2021

As computed tomography and related technologies have become mainstream tools across a broad range of scientific applications, each new generation of instrumentation produces larger volumes of more-complex 3D data. Lagging behind are step-wise improvements in computational methods to rapidly analyze these new large, complex datasets. Here we describe novel computational methods to capture and quantify volumetric information, and to efficiently characterize and compare shape volumes. It is based on innovative theoretical and computational reformulation of volumetric computing. It consists of two theoretical constructs and their numerical implementation: the spherical wave decomposition (SWD), that provides fast, accurate automated characterization of shapes embedded within complex 3D datasets; and symplectomorphic registration with phase space regularization by entropy spectrum pathways (SYMREG), that is a non-linear volumetric registration method that allows homologous structures to be correctly warped to each other or a common template for comparison. Together, these constitute the Shape Analysis for Phenomics from Imaging Data (SAPID) method. We demonstrate its ability to automatically provide rapid quantitative segmentation and characterization of single unique datasets, and both inter-and intra-specific comparative analyses. We go beyond pairwise comparisons and analyze collections of samples from 3D data repositories, highlighting the magnified potential our method has when applied to data collections. We discuss the potential of SAPID in the broader context of generating normative morphologies required for meaningfully quantifying and comparing variations in complex 3D anatomical structures and systems.