bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indonesia's Economic Growth Rate
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Adnan Nazeli , Teguh Muhammad ,   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Asngari Imam ,   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Apriani Deassy ,   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia
Published: November 2022

Economic growth can be a benchmark for a country's welfare and play a role as a determinant and direction for future development. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the economic growth of 6 islands in Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara, Borneo, Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua). The following factors were selected for analysis: government expenditure, non-oil and gas exports, investment, population, and the number of workers. This study used secondary data from publications by Bank Indonesia, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Investment Coordinating Board, the World Bank, and other relevant institutions. The collected data covers the period from 2011 to 2020. This study used quantitative descriptive analysis methods with panel data regression analysis. The results of the regression of panel data show that variables of government spending, investment, and non-oil and gas exports did not have a significant influence on economic growth. In contrast, the number of people and the number of workers significantly influenced the economic growth of 6 islands in Indonesia during the analyzed period. The island with the highest economic growth rate is Sulawesi Island, while Borneo Island has the lowest economic growth rate among the six islands in Indonesia. The development of government spending and the highest value of non-oil and gas exports were led by Jawa Island, while the lowest value came from Bali and Nusa Tenggara islands. In addition, due to the rapid development of the population and becoming an industrial centre area, Jawa Island also has the highest investment development, a dense population and the most labour compared to other islands. Meanwhile, the opposite condition occurs in Maluku Island and Papua.
Implementation of Digital Economy Tools in Statistical Analysis, Accounting and Audit
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kravchenko Iryna
Published: November 2022

Changes in the global economic paradigm motivate governments and private companies to implement the innovations of the fourth industrial revolution. The COVID-2019 pandemic also became a powerful catalyst for the digitization of management processes, which forced businesses and governments to look for remote opportunities to continue their professional activities and maintain the socio-economic well-being of the population. This article is devoted to revealing the prospects of introducing digital technologies into the statistical analysis, accounting and auditing system in the conditions of modern techno-globalism. A retrospective analysis of the development of the digital economy was carried out. The prerequisites for the digitization of management processes were considered. Global trends in the field of implementation of digital economy tools have been determined. The three most popular digital technologies in analysis, accounting and auditing are analyzed. It was revealed that many successful cases of digital technology implementation in accounting, analysis and auditing have already been implemented. The Big Four auditing companies are the leaders in such performance, and the top three technologies are artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and blockchain. Digital technologies provide: increasing the efficiency and speed of identifying and evaluating facts, their registration and generalization; a multipurpose grouping of data; reducing the probability of errors in the calculation process; accumulation and storage of large volumes of data; faster analysis of collected data and forecasting; better consistency of information; automation of online audits. In this regard, it is worth paying more attention to the qualification training of specialists in accounting, auditing and statistical analysis following the global conditions of techno-globalism. Along with traditional knowledge of accounting basics, future professionals will need skills to work with digital technologies.
Viral Hepatitis in Hemodialysis: An update
Authors: Mahmood Nazneen , Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman , Giasuddin Rubayat Sheik
Published: November 2022

Hepatitis outbreaks in hemodialysis (HD) patients and staff were reported in the late 1960s, and a number of hepatotropic viruses transmitted by blood and other body fluids have been identified. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the first significant hepatotropic virus to be identified in HD centers. HBV infection has been effectively controlled by active vaccination, screening of blood donors, the use of erythropoietin and segregation of HBV carriers. Hepatitis delta virus is a defective virus that can only infect HBV-positive individuals. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most significant cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis and is mainly transmitted by blood transfusion. The introduction in 1990 of routine screening of blood donors for HCV contributed significantly to the control of HCV transmission. An effective HCV vaccine remains an unsolved challenge; however, pegylation of interferon-alfa has made it possible to treat HCV-positive dialysis patients. Unexplained sporadic outbreaks of hepatitis by the mid-1990s prompted the discovery of hepatitis G virus, hepatitis GB virus C and the TT virus. The vigilant observation of guidelines on universal precaution and regular virologic testing are the cornerstones of the effective control of chronic hepatitis in the setting of HD. Major recent advances in the viral diagnosis technology and the development of new oral, direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) allow early diagnosis and better therapeutic response. The current update will review the recent developments, controversies and new treatment of viral hepatitis in HD patients.

AKMMC J 2020; 11(2) : 128-136
Prediction of COVID-19 Spreading using LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks in Southeast Asia
Authors: Rahman Md Moshiur , Kabir Sumaiya
Published: November 2022

The world has come to a standstill due to the coronavirus. The number of confrmed cases and the number of deaths are increasing day by day. Now accurate and real-time predictions are very important. Currently, a lot of work is being done on the spread prediction of coronavirus. If we can predict the number of corona patients in a country in advance, then it will be benefcial for the government of that country to take action in advance. In this paper, we experiment with Bangladesh and India data using the deep learning method. We have used LSTM (LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY) neural network which is a type of recurrent neural network. The LSTM method can work very well even with very little data. Since we do not currently have much data on covid19, LSTM neural networks may be a suitable model. We have got very good prediction results using this method even with very little data. The prediction of various parameters (number of confrmed cases per day, number of deaths per day, number of total confrmed cases, and number of total deaths). We also calculate MAPE, MAE, and RMSE values and compare them among different models. Our modeloutperforms others’ models. We think this research will be a benefcial tool for administrators and health offcials.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 8, Dec 2021 P 1-6
Atmospheric CO2 Capture by Microalgae Culturing: A Critical Review
Authors: Hasan Md Shamim , Mahmud Md
Published: November 2022

With rising fuel demands, the carbon which is avowed as inefficient energy sources is continually declining. This method is a promiscuous way not of lowering CO2 emissions but of producing economic benefits. The physiochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into chemical (energy) goods without contamination. The production of microalgae will thus help to repair CO2 and biofuels sources. In this present work, we have done a comprehensive reviewed in this paper that carbon dioxide capture mechanism, contribution of microalgae for biomass production. As a result of using microalgae (S. platensis, Salmeriensis, and Scenedesmus dimorphus are capture maximum CO2 respectively of 1.00 and 0.81gL−1 d−1, 1.0gL−1day−1-2.8gL−1day−1 and 0.8g CO2 L−1d−1 with the production of microalgae biomass (<0.4g L-1day-1, 129.24 mg−1d−1, and 0.44gcel L−1d−1) in wastewater. The overall cost of the process is considerably reduced when these light conversion and chemical processes are combined, making carbon dioxide collection even more economically viable. Microalgae was used on extensively for biodiesel production and carbon dioxide reduction, and the processes were significantly enhanced with the use of microalgae. To conclude microalgae holds a strong promise in the 21st-century biofuel industry and environmentally friendly by capturing CO2.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 8, Dec 2021 P 29-35
Approximate Shortest Distance and Direction between two Places on the Spherical Earth and the Oblate Spherical Earth
Authors: Kabir Md Humayun , Ruman Umme , Alam Sharmin , Islam Shamima , Sultana Jakia , Islam Md Monirul
Published: November 2022

Differential geometry is an important aspect of current physics and the study of any planar surface. Quantum mechanics and modern science are developing with the help of differential Geometry in daily life. In this paper, we discuss two mathematical formulas named Haversine formula for spherical earth and Lambert’s formula for oblate spherical earth. These formulas are used to determine the shortest distance between two points on Earth, as well as the sine formula for determining the direction of various locations towards the North Pole. Some examples of different locations are illustrated in this literature which gives a better overview.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 8, Dec 2021 P 49-56
Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP BP Tahfidz At-Taubah batam Tahun pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Rakhmawati Desti , Husna Asmaul , Gusmania Yesi
Published: November 2022

Abstrak. Berpikir kreatif sangatlah penting untuk siswa, berpikir kreatif dibutuhkan siswa ketika mendapatkan sebuah masalah yang belum pernah dihadapi sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas VIII dalam menyelesaikan soal persamaan linear dua variabel. Adapun indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang diukur meliputi kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII C SMP BP Tahfidz At-Taubah Batam yang berjumlah 18 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan prosedur menurut Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Tes berupa soal uraian kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang berjumlah 4 soal dengan reliabilitas sebesar 0,67. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh 77,78 % subjek yang memenuhi  indikator kelancaran, 16,67 % subjek yang memenuhi indikator keluwesan, 72,22 % subjek memenuhi pada indikator elaborasi dan 83,33 %  subjek yang memenuhi indikator keaslian. Dari hasil yang sudah dipaparkan masih perlu ditingkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada indikator keluwesan.Kata kunci: Berpikir Kreatif Matematis, Kemampuan Berpikir, Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel  Abstract. Creative thinking is very important for students, creative thinking is needed when students get a problem that has never been faced before. The purpose of this study was to describe the mathematical creative thinking ability of class VIII students in solving linear equations of two variables. The indicators of mathematical creative thinking skills measured include fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research with the research subjects are students of class VIII C SMP BP Tahfidz At-Taubah Batam, totaling 18 students. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. The data collected were analyzed by Miles and Huberman's procedures which include data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The test is in the form of a description of mathematical creative thinking skills, totaling 4 questions with a reliability of 0.67. Based on the results of the analysis, obtained 77.78% of the subjects who met the fluency indicator, 16.67% of the subjects who met the flexibility indicator, 72.22% of the subjects met the elaboration indicator and 83.33% of the subjects who met the authenticity indicator. From the results that have been presented, it is still necessary to improve students' creative thinking skills on the indicators of flexibility.Keywords: Mathematical Creative Thinking, Thinking Ability, Two Variable Linear Equations
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Powerpoint Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Tiga Variabel Kelas X Di SMA
Authors: Rildayani Rildayani , Qudsi Rahma , Zetriuslita Zetriuslita , Suripah Suripah
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kevalidan serta kepraktisan dari pengembangan media pembelajaran matematika berbasis powerpoint pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel kelas X di SMA. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X di SMAN 1 Siak Kecil. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE yaitu dari tahapan analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluate. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah wawancara dan angket. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi dan lembar angket respon peserta didik. Hasil penilaian validitas media pembelajaran yang diperoleh berdasarkan lembar validasi yaitu dengan nilai 82,67% maka media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan sangat valid. Uji coba dilapangan berdasarkan angket respon peserta didik diperoleh nilai 78,08% maka dapat dikategorikan media pembelajaran praktis. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis powerpoint ini sangat valid dan praktis digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.This study aims to test the validity and practicality of the development of powerpoint-based mathematics learning media on the material of a three-variable system of linear equations in class X. The subjects of this study were students in class X at SMAN 1 Siak Kecil. The type of research is development research using the ADDIE model, namely from the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluate. The methods used in data collection are interviews and questionnaires. The instruments used in this study were validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The results of the assessment of the validity of the learning media were obtained based on the validation sheet, namely with a value of 82.67%, the learning media developed was very valid. Field trials based on student response questionnaires obtained a value of 78,08%, so it can be concluding that the learning media is practical. So it can be concluded that this powerpoint-based learning media is very valid and practical to use as a learning medium.
Newest Approaches in Immunotherapy for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Ayers Emily C. , Nasta Sunita D.
Published: November 2022

Immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment of haematologic malignancies. Patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma have poor response rates and short survival times when conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies are used. Immunotherapy offers a novel way to harness the host immune system to target malignant cells in patients whose disease may no longer respond to cytotoxic therapy. The increased and refined use of immunotherapy in this patient population has recently shown promise in a group with previously poor outcomes. In this paper, the authors describe the available data for immunotherapy use in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, including checkpoint inhibition, T cell engager antibodies, and adoptive immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.
Expectations and Experience: Optimising Efficacy and Maintaining Quality of Life in Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Fricker Janet
Published: November 2022

Prof Salles provided an update on the ongoing first-line follicular lymphoma (FL) studies, demonstrating how analysis of the GALLIUM study data regarding the use of different chemotherapy backbones consistently showed the benefits of obinutuzumab (G) chemotherapy (G-chemo) versus rituximab (R) chemotherapy (R-chemo) in FL patients. An update from the PRIMA study showed that 10-year progression-free survival (PFS) was improved following the use of R maintenance compared with observation following induction. Prof Salles also provided an overview of the RELEVANCE study data, which showed that R plus lenalidomide was not superior to standard R-chemo for the treatment of first-line FL.

Prof Seymour presented data showing that two-thirds of premature FL deaths occur in patients experiencing disease progression within 2 years of treatment, highlighting the need to identify patients at early risk of progression. Prof Seymour explored various prognostic and predictive tools that could be used to identify patients at high risk of death, but he noted that until these prognostic tools are available in the clinic, the high-risk population remains unidentifiable. Furthermore, the accuracy of these prognostic indices needs to be improved. Data analysis from the GALLIUM study showed that G-chemo decreased the risk of a disease progression event in the first 2 years by 46% compared to R-chemo.

Prof Trotman explored the use of PET imaging and detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) to assess treatment outcomes. Prof Trotman showed that PET status at the end of induction is highly prognostic of the outcome. An exploratory analysis of the GALLIUM data showed that the application of the Lugano 2014 response criteria showed a rapid, deep separation of the PFS curves of patients achieving a complete metabolic response (CMR) versus those who did not. There was almost a 5-fold increase in risk of progression and in risk of death in patients failing to achieve CMR. An exploratory analysis of the MRD status of GALLIUM patients showed that a greater proportion of patients in the G-chemo arm achieved MRD-negative status at the end of induction (EOI). Interestingly, patients achieved similar MRD outcomes with G-chemo, regardless of chemotherapy backbone. Both PET and MRD status after induction were independently predictive of PFS.

Dr Pettengell and Mr Bouguet discussed FL from both the clinician’s and the patient’s perspective, with a focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). They demonstrated how a marked decrease in HRQoL at progression highlights the importance of extending remission for FL patients. Dr Pettengell presented data from GALLIUM showing comparable quality of life for patients treated with either G-chemo or R-chemo. They also presented patient surveys showing that FL has a substantial physical and psychological impact on patients that both lasts beyond treatment and persists even during long-term remission.
Spunti d’innovazione didattica. La metodologia del debate alla scuola dell’infanzia
Authors: Fantin Serena
Published: November 2022

Il presente contributo è volto a proporre alcuni spunti didattici tratti da un lavoro di ricerca-azione svolto con alunni di quattro e cinque anni, relativamente all’utilizzo della metodologia didattica innovativa del dibattito regolamentato nella scuola dell’infanzia. In particolare, vengono messi in luce i principali riferimenti teorici a supporto della metodologia e vengono esplicitate le modalità di lavoro messe in atto all’interno del contesto sezione, delineando una struttura di debate adeguata ad alunne e alunni in età prescolare. Grazie ad un adattamento del protocollo di dibattito maggiormente diffuso e alla sua applicazione concreta si è potuto verificarne i benefici messi in luce dalla letteratura e ancora poco sperimentati nella scuola dell’infanzia.
ОБЗОР АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ПО ФИЗИЧЕСКОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ БЕЛОРУССКИХ ДЕТЕЙ И МОЛОДЕЖИ (КОНЕЦ ХIХ – 20-Е ГГ. ХХ ВЕКА)
Authors: Марфина Ольга
Published: November 2022

REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF BELARUSIAN CHILDREN AND YOUTH (LATE 19TH - 20S OF THE 20TH CENTURY)
ДИНАМИКА ВО ВРЕМЕНИ ПРОЦЕССОВ РОСТА И РАЗВИТИЯ БЕЛОРУССКИХ ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВЫХ ТРЕХ ЛЕТ ЖИЗНИ (1993–2013 ГОДЫ)
Authors: Боом Юлия
Published: November 2022

In the city of Baranovichi (Brest Region), from 2008 to 2016, the author of the present article conducted a longitudinal study on the physical development of children from birth to three years, born in 1993–1994, 2003–2004 and 2013. The purpose of the study is to identify the nature of changes over a 20-year period (from 1993 to 2013) of the main indicators of the physical development of children in the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis. The object of the study consists of 599 children of both sexes (303 boys and 296 girls). The indicators of body length and weight (from birth to 3 years), as well as the head and chest circumference (up to 1 year) were assessed. Anthropometric data were taken from the medical records of the children’s city polyclinic No.1 in Baranovichi (Brest Region, Belarus). With a gradual improvement in the economic status of the country from 1993 to 2013, an increase in body length was observed in children of both sexes (p<0,01) with a relatively stable body weight. The head and chest circumferences became smaller, and in some age periods (from 3 to 9 months) the changes reached a statistically significant level (p<0,001–0,05). Children born in 2003–2004 differ from the others in lower indicators of physical development, especially of the head and chest circumference. It can be assumed that the economic, social and environmental troubles of the country in the 1990s. negatively affected the formation of the organism of children not only at the most ecosensitive early stage of ontogenesis, but also in adolescence, and a decade later, in the next generation, this was accompanied by a significant reduction in girth body dimensions due to the gracilization of the skeleton.
МОРФОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ГОРОДСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДЕВУШЕК ДВУХ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ ГРУПП Г. САРАНСКА)
Authors: Синева Ирина , Юдина Анастасия
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The ongoing urbanization, on the one hand, promotes the unification of people of different ethnic and social groups and cultures, enriching them. On the other hand, it smoothes and even destroys cultural differences, creating multicultural communities. Questions about the similarities or differences in the morphophysiological status of the ethnically diverse population living in the same territory are of interest. The aim of the study is to analyze the morphophysiological and psychological characteristics of students of various ethnicities living in the city of Saransk (on the example of girls).Materials and methods. The work is based on the materials of a comprehensive anthropological survey of students of higher educational institutions in Saransk. Morphological (body height and weight, waist and hip girths, body components), physiological (indicators of cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems, level of adaptive potential) and psychological (level of anxiety, depression, stress resistance, aggressiveness) characteristics of girls of different ethnicity (East Slavic ethnic groups, Mordovains and mixed origin) were evaluated. The total number of participants – 107, aged 17 – 21.Results. According to the average values of morphological signs, the girls of Saransk do not differ from their peers from Europe and North America, and according to physiological indicators they correspond to the established norms. The value of the adaptive potential corresponds to the functional stress. The level of anxiety, depression and aggressiveness can be assessed as average, and according to the indicator of stress resistance, the girls of Saransk belong to the category «propensity to type A» (instability to stress is often manifested). There were no statistically significant differences in morphofunctional and psychological indicators between groups of girls of different ethnic origin.Conclusion. Due to the absence of statistically significant differences in the studied characteristics between groups of girls of different ethnic origin, the identified features can be considered as regional. To exclude the possible influence of the socio-economic heterogeneity of the group on morphophysiological features, it is necessary to expand the research program with a detailed questionnaire.
Bacteriophage-based decontamination to control environmental colonization by Staphylococcus capitis in neonatal intensive care units: An in vitro proof-of-concept
Authors: Chavignon Marie , Kolenda Camille , Medina Mathieu , Bonhomme Mélanie , Blazere Leslie , Legendre Tiphaine , Tristan Anne , Laurent Frédéric , Butin Marine
Published: November 2022

Introduction

In neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), the standard chemical-based disinfection procedures do not allow a complete eradication of pathogens from environmental surfaces. In particular, the clone Staphylococcus capitis NRCS-A, a significant pathogen in neonates, was shown to colonize neonatal incubators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of a bacteriophage cocktail on NRCS-A eradication.

Methods

Three bacteriophages were isolated, genetically characterized and assessed for their host range using a collection of representative clinical strains (n=31) belonging to the clone NRCS-A. The efficacy of a cocktail including these three bacteriophages to eradicate the reference strain S. capitis NRCS-A CR01 was determined in comparison or in combination with the chemical disinfectant Surfanios Premium on either dry inoculum or biofilm-embedded bacteria. The emergence of bacterial resistance against the bacteriophages alone or in cocktail was evaluated by growth kinetics.

Results

The three bacteriophages belonged to two families and genera, namely Herelleviridae/Kayvirus for V1SC01 and V1SC04 and Rountreeviridae/Andhravirus for V1SC05. They were active against 17, 25 and 16 of the 31 tested strains respectively. Bacteriophage cocktails decreased the bacterial inoculum of both dry spots and biofilms, with a dose dependent effect. The sequential treatment with bacteriophages then Surfanios Premium did not show enhanced efficacy. No bacterial resistance was observed when using the bacteriophage cocktail.

Discussion

This study established a proof-of-concept for the use of bacteriophages to fight against S. capitis NRCS-A. Further investigations are needed using a larger bacterial collection and in real-life conditions before being able to use such technology in NICUs
Pseudohypoparathyroidism during pregnancy and the postpartum period: A case series of five patients
Authors: Wang Jia-Jia , Yang Yi , Wang Ya-Bing , Song An , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xia Wei-Bo , Liu Yan-Ping , Wang Ou , Xing Xiao-Ping
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare disease, especially when combined with pregnancy. We aimed to explore the changes in serum calcium/parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and medical treatment in a case series of PHP during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Methods

A total of five PHP patients with six pregnancies were enrolled. The classification of PHP was based on (epi)genetic analysis. Clinical characteristics, biochemical indices, and treatment strategies before, during, and after pregnancy were retrospectively collected.

Results

All patients received calcium and vitamin D agents with nearly normal serum calcium before pregnancy except patient 2 who was found hypocalcemic during gestation. All patients chose Cesarean section, and one suffered preterm delivery due to oligoamnios. The neonatal birth weight ranged from 2,250 to 4,300 g, and all neonates were free of hypocalcemia-related symptoms. The change in calcium metabolism was inconsistent including stable, improved, or worsened during pregnancy. Serum PTH level remained low in the first two trimesters in patients with stable and improved conditions while increased in the last two trimesters in patients with a worsened condition. Serum calcium changed inconsistently while PTH increased consistently during lactation. For patients who did not breastfeed, calcium homeostasis improved after delivery.

Conclusion

Calcium homeostasis and medicine dosage changed differently in PHP patients during pregnancy and lactation. However, most patients had good pregnancy outcomes. Serum PTH levels might predict changes in calcium metabolism during pregnancy.
Infill well placement optimization for secondary development of waterflooding oilfields with SPSA algorithm
Authors: Li Congcong , Fang Chaoqiang , Huang Yougen , Zuo Hailong , Zhang Zhang , Wang Shuoliang
Published: November 2022

A significant amount of bypassed oil resources often remain in a mature waterflooding reservoir because of non-uniform sweep caused by natural complexities of a subsurface reservoir and improper management of the reservoir. Infill drilling is one of the most attractive options for increasing oil recovery in consequence of its operational simplicity, low risk and promising results. Determining optimal infill well placements in heterogeneous mature reservoirs is a critical and challenging task that has a significant impact on the recovery performance and economic revenue of subsurface remaining oil resources. An integrated framework is constructed to attain best-obtained optimal location and completion of infill wells in multi-layer mature oil reservoirs. The placement of an infill vertical well is parameterized in terms of two sets of variables that define the location and completion respectively. A variant of SPSA algorithm is used to solve the defined optimization problem. The performance of the proposed algorithm is first tested for the joint optimization of well location and completion of an injection well using a synthetic model. The results show that the algorithm with average SPSA gradients outperforms the single SPSA gradient method both in solution and convergence rate. Besides, there are two plateaus on the performance curve of all algorithms: on the first plateau, each algorithm is approaching to its optimal well location with relatively little change on the completion parameters, while on the second plateau, each algorithm obtains the corresponding optimal completions. A complex heterogeneous reservoir model is then constructed by using the data of a mature oil reservoir in Shengli Oilfield in China to design an optimal 10 years’ infill drilling program. Four vertical production wells are placed in the oil-rich regions and both simultaneous and sequential algorithms are tried to obtain their optimal locations and completions. The performances of simultaneous joint optimization and sequential joint optimization are compared and as a result it is recommended to use sequential joint optimization as the optimization algorithm in the integrated framework.
Changes in the morphology of widgeon grass (Ruppia maritima) with the onset of reproduction and impacts on fish assemblages at the Chandeleur Islands, LA
Authors: Byrnes Matthew A. , Darnell Kelly M. , Darnell M. Zachary
Published: November 2022

Seagrass beds are important submerged coastal habitats that support nearshore communities. Ruppia maritima (widgeon grass) is a widespread seagrass species that undergoes dramatic changes in morphology at the onset of reproduction. The goal of this study was to compare fish assemblages associated with reproductive and non-reproductive R. maritima, recognizing the morphological change undergone by the plant when flowering. During the peak reproductive season in August and September 2021, R. maritima meadows at the northern extent of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana were sampled to describe the spatial distribution and morphology of reproductive plants and investigate habitat use by fish assemblages. We assessed spatial trends in R. maritima presence and occurrence of reproductive plants and evaluated differences in shoot morphology. We calculated total fish density, Shannon diversity, and species richness to describe fish assemblages in reproductive and non-reproductive meadows. Additionally, general additive models were used to predict drivers of fish assemblage metrics. Results indicate that R. maritima was distributed along the entire length of the sampled area, but reproductive plants were only located in the central, protected portion of the island. Reproductive plants were more morphologically complex with longer shoots, greater surface area, and more leaves, but this did not impact fish assemblages. Rather, fish abundance was related to R. maritima biomass. This study provides information on patterns and drivers of habitat use by fish in R. maritima-dominated ecosystems that can be used to inform management and restoration.
The mechanism of lncRNAs in the crosstalk between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor microenvironment for early colon adenocarcinoma based on molecular subtyping
Authors: Liang Hanlin , Zhao Yi , Liu Kai , Xiao Yajie , Chen Kexu , Li Delan , Zhong Shupeng , Zhao Zhikun , Wu Dongfang , Peng Yu
Published: November 2022

A large number of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients are already advanced when diagnosed. In this study, we aimed to further understand the mechanism of tumor development in early COAD by focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Expression profiles of early COAD patients were obtained from public databases. EMT-related lncRNAs were used as a basis for constructing molecular subtypes through unsupervised consensus clustering. Genomic features, pathways and tumor microenvironment (TME) were compared between two subtypes. LncATLAS database was applied to analyze the relation between lncRNAs and transcription factors (TFs). First order partial correlation analysis was conducted to identify key EMT-related lncRNAs.C1 and C2 subtypes with distinct prognosis were constructed. Oncogenic pathways such as EMT, KRAS signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, and TGF-β signaling were significantly enriched in C2 subtype. Higher immune infiltration and expression of immune checkpoints were also observed in C2 subtype, suggesting the key EMT-related lncRNAs may play a critical role in the modulation of TME. In addition, JAK-STAT signaling pathway was obviously enriched in upregulated TFs in C2 subtype, which indicated a link between key lncRNAs and JAK-STAT signaling that may regulate TME. The study further expanded the research on the role of EMT-related lncRNAs in the early COAD. The six identified EMT-related lncRNAs could serve as biomarkers for early screening COAD.
Genetic dominance of transforming growth factor-β1 polymorphisms in chronic liver disease
Authors: Cai Xuanyan , Zha Huiyan , Yang Zhaoxu , Du Yiwen , Dai Xiaoyang , Yang Bo , Wang Jiajia , He Qiaojun , Weng Qinjie
Published: November 2022

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is an extremely common clinical condition accompanied by sustained inflammatory response leading to tissue damage. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is known as a master immune regulator in CLDs, but the association between TGF-β1 polymorphisms and CLD risk is controversial and inconclusive, and the genetic dominance of CLDs remains unknown. In this study, the relationship between TGF-β1 polymorphisms and CLD susceptibility is systematically analyzed based on 35 eligible studies. Individuals with the TGF-β1-509 allele (TT or CT) or codon 10 allele (Pro/Pro) show an increased risk of CLDs. Subgroup analyses indicate TGF-β1-509C/T has a significant correlation with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis C, codon 10 is associated with chronic hepatitis B occurrence, and codon 25 exhibits a relationship with autoimmune hepatitis risk. Missense mutations in G29E, A105S, D191N, and F321L of TGF-β1 are the genetic factors of HCC susceptibility. Furthermore, the TGF-β1 gene expression is significantly elevated in CLD patients, and the TGF-β1 codon 263 is located close to the region where the TGF-β1 dimerization interacts, indicating the TGF-β1 codon 263 variant may affect the secretion of TGF-β1 by altering its dimerization. Together, our findings provide new insights into the immune regulator gene TGF-β1 polymorphisms as susceptibility factors for CLD occurrence and regulators for TGF-β1 expression, which have implications for the regulation of immune factors during CLD development.
CNS and CNS diseases in relation to their immune system
Authors: Xu Jianhao , Ma Canyu , Hua Menglu , Li Jiarui , Xiang Ze , Wu Jian
Published: November 2022

The central nervous system is the most important nervous system in vertebrates, which is responsible for transmitting information to the peripheral nervous system and controlling the body’s activities. It mainly consists of the brain and spinal cord, which contains rich of neurons, the precision of the neural structures susceptible to damage from the outside world and from the internal factors of inflammation infection, leading to a series of central nervous system diseases, such as traumatic brain injury, nerve inflammation, etc., these diseases may cause irreversible damage on the central nervous or lead to subsequent chronic lesions. After disease or injury, the immune system of the central nervous system will play a role, releasing cytokines to recruit immune cells to enter, and the immune cells will differentiate according to the location and degree of the lesion, and become specific immune cells with different functions, recognize and phagocytose inflammatory factors, and repair the damaged neural structure. However, if the response of these immune cells is not suppressed, the overexpression of some genes can cause further damage to the central nervous system. There is a need to understand the molecular mechanisms by which these immune cells work, and this information may lead to immunotherapies that target certain diseases and avoid over-activation of immune cells. In this review, we summarized several immune cells that mainly play a role in the central nervous system and their roles, and also explained the response process of the immune system in the process of some common neurological diseases, which may provide new insights into the central nervous system.
The published trend of studies on COVID-19 and dietary supplements: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Hu Wenzhong , Xu Yun
Published: November 2022

Background

There are no guidelines on dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, we would like to analyze and discuss the above confusion through the bibliometric analysis

Methods

On 3 September 2022, we conducted a search of all relevant literature retrieved from the WOS core collection database from 2019 to 2022. CiteSpace software is used to build the visual co-occurrence network

Results

In the study of “COVID-19 and Dietary Supplements”, the total of 170 authors published 855 articles in 451 journals. Several distinct core author groups were formed by Wang, Grant, Singh, Zhu, and other authors with numerous publications. The majority of the publications came from the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The United States of America had the highest number of publications. By analyzing keyword clusters, we found that the research focus was dietary supplements (vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin C), mechanisms (ferritin, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), oxidative stress), research methods (clinical trials), and the prevention and treatment strategies (lockdown) of COVID-19

Conclusions

vitamin D is the mainstream dietary supplement for COVID-19. There are still numerous controversies that deserve further discussion. Such as whether the use of vitamin D or TCM offers benefits, and whether the addition of dietary supplements during the lockdown measures can help prevent COVID-19 infection.
Unspecific reactivity must be excluded in COVID-19 epidemiological analyses or virus tracing based on serologic testing: Analysis of 46,777 post-pandemic samples and 1,114 pre-pandemic samples
Authors: Cai Min-Jing , Lin Jie , Zhu Jian-Hui , Dai Zhang , Lin Yi-Qiang , Liang Xian-Ming
Published: November 2022

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Serologic testing is complementary to nucleic acid screening to identify SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to evaluate unspecific reactivity in SARS-CoV-2 serologic tests.

Materials and methods

Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from 46,777 subjects who were screened for SARS-CoV-2 were retrospectively studied to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of the unspecific reactivity. A total of 1,114 pre-pandemic samples were also analysed to compare unspecific reactivity.

Results

The incidence of unspecific reactivity in anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibody testing was 0.361% in 46,777 post-pandemic samples, similar to the incidence of 0.359% (4/1,114) in 1,114 pre-pandemic samples (p = 0.990). Subjects ≥ 19 years old had a 2.753-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.130–6.706] higher probability of unspecific reactivity than subjects < 19 years old (p = 0.026). There was no significant difference between the sexes. The unspecific reactivity was associated with 14 categories within the disease spectrum, with three tops being the skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (0.93%), respiratory system diseases (0.78%) and neoplasms diseases (0.76%). The percentage of patients with a titer ≥ 13.87 cut-off index (COI) in the unspecific reactivity was 7.69%.

Conclusion

Our results suggest a unspecific reactivity incidence rate of 0.361% involving 14 categories on the disease spectrum. Unspecific reactivity needs to be excluded when performing serologic antibody testing in COVID-19 epidemiological analyses or virus tracing.
Positive association between plasmatic levels of orexin A and the endocannabinoid-derived 2-arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Forte Nicola , Fernández-Rilo Alba Clara , Palomba Letizia , Marfella Brenda , Piscitelli Fabiana , De Girolamo Paolo , Di Costanzo Alfonso , Di Marzo Vincenzo , Cristino Luigia
Published: November 2022

A regular sleep-wake cycle plays a positive function that preserves synaptic plasticity and brain activity from neuropathological injuries. The hypothalamic neuropeptide orexin-A (OX-A) is central in sleep-wake regulation and has been found to be over-expressed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) suffering from sleep disturbances. OX-A promotes the biosynthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), which, in turn, could be phosphorylated to 2-arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid (2-AGP). The reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during neurite retraction is one of the best-characterized effects of lysophosphatidic acids. However, less information is available regarding the reorganization of the neuronal microtubule network in response to OX-A-induced 2-AG and, possibly consequent, 2-AGP production in AD patients. This is of special relevance also considering that higher 2-AG levels are reported in the CSF of AD patients. Here, we found a positive correlation between OX-A and 2-AGP concentrations in the plasma, and an increase of 2-AGP levels in the CSF of AD patients. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the plasmatic 2-AGP levels and the mini-mental state examination score is also revealed in AD patients. By moving from the human patients to in vitro and in vivo models of AD we investigated the molecular pathway linking OX-A, 2-AG and 2-AGP to the phosphorylation of pT231-Tau, which is a specific early plasma biomarker of this disorder. By LC-MS analysis we show that OX-A, via OX-1R, induces 2-AG biosynthesis via DAGLα, and in turn 2-AG is converted to 2-AGP in primary hippocampal neurons. By confocal microscopy and western blotting assay we found an OX-A- or 2-AGP-mediated phosphorylation of Tau at threonine 231 residue, in a manner prevented by LPA1R (2-AGP receptor) or OX1R (OX-A receptor) antagonism with AM095 or SB334867, respectively. Finally, by patch-clamp recording we documented that 2-AGP-mediated pT231-Tau phosphorylation impairs glutamatergic transmission in the mouse hippocampus. Although further additional research is still required to clarify the potential role of orexin signaling in neurodegeneration, this study provides evidence that counteraction of aberrant OX-A signaling, also via LPA-1R antagonism, may be beneficial in the mild-to-moderate age-related cognitive decline associated with sleep disturbances.
Sparse measures with swarm-based pliable hidden Markov model and deep learning for EEG classification
Authors: Prabhakar Sunil Kumar , Ju Young-Gi , Rajaguru Harikumar , Won Dong-Ok
Published: November 2022

In comparison to other biomedical signals, electroencephalography (EEG) signals are quite complex in nature, so it requires a versatile model for feature extraction and classification. The structural information that prevails in the originally featured matrix is usually lost when dealing with standard feature extraction and conventional classification techniques. The main intention of this work is to propose a very novel and versatile approach for EEG signal modeling and classification. In this work, a sparse representation model along with the analysis of sparseness measures is done initially for the EEG signals and then a novel convergence of utilizing these sparse representation measures with Swarm Intelligence (SI) techniques based Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is utilized for the classification. The SI techniques utilized to compute the hidden states of the HMM are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and Backtracking Search Algorithm (BSA), thereby making the HMM more pliable. Later, a deep learning methodology with the help of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was also developed with it and the results are compared to the standard pattern recognition classifiers. To validate the efficacy of the proposed methodology, a comprehensive experimental analysis is done over publicly available EEG datasets. The method is supported by strong statistical tests and theoretical analysis and results show that when sparse representation is implemented with deep learning, the highest classification accuracy of 98.94% is obtained and when sparse representation is implemented with SI-based HMM method, a high classification accuracy of 95.70% is obtained.
Radial glia and radial glia-like cells: Their role in neurogenesis and regeneration
Authors: Miranda-Negrón Yamil , García-Arrarás José E.
Published: November 2022

Radial glia is a cell type traditionally associated with the developing nervous system, particularly with the formation of cortical layers in the mammalian brain. Nonetheless, some of these cells, or closely related types, called radial glia-like cells are found in adult central nervous system structures, functioning as neurogenic progenitors in normal homeostatic maintenance and in response to injury. The heterogeneity of radial glia-like cells is nowadays being probed with molecular tools, primarily by the expression of specific genes that define cell types. Similar markers have identified radial glia-like cells in the nervous system of non-vertebrate organisms. In this review, we focus on adult radial glia-like cells in neurogenic processes during homeostasis and in response to injury. We highlight our results using a non-vertebrate model system, the echinoderm Holothuria glaberrima where we have described a radial glia-like cell that plays a prominent role in the regeneration of the holothurian central nervous system.