bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO FINANCEIRA E EMPRESARIAL: REVISÃO E PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICA
Authors: Queiroz Andreza Costa de , Araújo Marcos Paulo Mendes
Published: October 2024

A gestão financeira é um dos pilares fundamentais para a sustentabilidade e o sucesso das organizações  em um mercado cada vez mais complexo e competitivo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal  analisar as principais práticas de gestão financeira empresarial e suas implicações para a eficiência e  sustentabilidade dos negócios. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, baseada em  uma extensa revisão da literatura, para identificar e discutir diferentes abordagens teóricas e práticas de  gestão financeira, avaliando suas vantagens e desafios. Através da análise de teorias e práticas de gestão  financeira, este estudo busca compreender como essas abordagens impactam a eficiência operacional e  a sustentabilidade financeira das empresas. O problema central investigado é como as diferentes  abordagens teóricas e práticas de gestão financeira empresarial impactam a eficiência e sustentabilidade  das empresas, e quais são os principais desafios enfrentados na implementação dessas práticas. Os resultados apontam que a gestão financeira eficaz não apenas melhora o controle de custos e a  maximização de lucros, mas também envolve planejamento estratégico e gestão de riscos, sendo crucial  para a competitividade das empresas. As principais dificuldades enfrentadas incluem a volatilidade do  mercado, a rápida evolução tecnológica e a necessidade de compliance com regulamentações rigorosas.  No entanto, as perspectivas futuras são promissoras, com a digitalização e a automação transformando  profundamente a gestão financeira. Conclui-se que a gestão financeira empresarial é essencial para o  sucesso e a sustentabilidade das organizações. Este estudo contribui para a compreensão das diferentes  abordagens teóricas e práticas de gestão financeira, oferecendo uma análise crítica e integrada das  melhores práticas, estratégias e teorias disponíveis. Espera-se que os insights fornecidos possam orientar  gestores e acadêmicos na busca por estratégias financeiras mais eficientes e sustentáveis, promovendo o  crescimento e a competitividade das empresas.
INVESTIGAÇÃO FORENSE: MÉTODOS E FERRAMENTAS UTILIZADAS PARA RESOLVER CRIMEs
Authors: Barcelos Cristiano Duarte , Cardozo Eduardo Lopes , Reyes Grasiane Pinto , Fernandes Gustavo Pinheiro , Mezzomo Jessé Caletti , Czerwinski Lincoln , Costa Lucas Bortoluzzi da , Andriollo Marcos Antônio , Reis Marcelo da Silva , Santos Romário Odil da Rocha , Flôres Thaís Costa , Silva Vanderson da
Published: October 2024

Forensic investigation plays a crucial role in solving crimes by providing a scientific approach to collecting, analyzing and interpreting evidence. This article presents an overview of the methods and tools used by forensic investigators in the criminal investigation process. First, the initial stages of the investigation are addressed, including isolation and adequate preservation of the crime scene. The importance of ensuring the integrity of evidence is explored in order to avoid contamination and ensure its admissibility in a court of law. Next, methods of collecting physical evidence, such as fingerprints, DNA samples, fibers, shoe prints, among others, are discussed. It explores how this evidence is obtained in a systematic and scientific way, ensuring its authenticity and reliability. The article also addresses the laboratory techniques used in the analysis of evidence, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, microscopy and chemical tests. These tools allow investigators to identify and compare materials, analyze chemicals, and gain valuable research information. In addition, technological advances that have revolutionized forensic investigation are presented, such as DNA analysis, facial recognition, analysis of computers and electronic devices. These technologies provide new perspectives and insights for investigators, helping solve cases that were previously more challenging. Finally, the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in forensic investigation is highlighted, involving specialists in different areas, such as ballistics, forensic anthropology, forensic dentistry, forensic psychology, among others. This integrated approach maximizes the potential of the evidence and contributes to a complete and accurate investigation. This article provides an overview of the methods and tools used in forensic investigation, highlighting the importance of science, technology and collaboration in solving crimes. Understanding these processes strengthens confidence in criminal justice and highlights the essential role of forensic investigation in the search for truth and the quest for a safer society.
مدى امتلاك طلاب الصف الثامن الأساسي بالمحافظات الجنوبية لمهارات الذات الرياضياتية
Authors: ضاهر محمد
Published: October 2024

هدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة مدى امتلاك طلاب الصف الثامن الأساسي بالمحافظات الجنوبية لمهارات الذات الرياضياتية، واتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي وتكونت عينة الدراسة للمنهج  الوصفي من (221) طالباً وطالبة من مديرية التربية والتعليم شرق غزة، واشتملت أداة الدراسة على: مقياس مفهوم الذات الرياضياتية، وقد استخدم الباحث الأساليب الإحصائية التالية: التكرارات والمتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية والنسب المئوية واختبار "ت" لعينتين مستقلتين.
وأظهرت الدراسة العديد من النتائج أهمها: يوجد اختلاف في مفهوم الذات الرياضياتية بين الطلاب والطالبات، وقد أوصى الباحث بتعزيز مفهوم الذات الرياضياتية لدى المراحل المختلفة من خلال طريقة الشرح وحل تمارين الكتاب المدرسي وتزويد المتعلمين بالتغذية الراجعة المناسبة.
دور وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية في الحد من ظاهرة العنف ضد المرأة الفلسطينية وسبل تفعيله
Authors: القططي محمد , أبو ليلة حسين
Published: October 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن دور وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية في الحد من ظاهرة العنف ضد المرأة الفلسطينية وسبل تفعيله، واستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وطبقت أدوات الدراسة على عينة الدعاة والخطباء العاملين بوزارة الأوقاف والشئون الدينية، والبالغ عددهم (254) داعياً وخطيباً، واستخدم الباحثون الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات اللازمة، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة: أن دور وزارة الأوقاف والشئون الدينية في الحد من ظاهرة العنف ضد المرأة الفلسطينية جاء بوزن نسبي (60.18%)، أي متوسط، كما وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في متوسط استجابات أفراد العينة لمتغيري سنوات الخدمة والمديرية لصالح أقل من 5سنوات، ومديرية رفح، تشكيل لجان نسوية متخصصة لحل قضايا العنف ومشاكل المرأة، وزيادة التواصل بين الوزارة واللجان النسوية بها ووزارتي المرأة والشئون الاجتماعية، والجهات الغير رسمية للعمل على حل جميع القضايا التي قد تواجه المعنفات من مجتمعنا الفلسطيني.
درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة لأبعاد القيادة التبادلية وعلاقتها بالتماثل التنظيمي لدى المعلمين
Authors: العقاد حافظ , سلمان محمد
Published: October 2024

الملخص: هدفت الدراسة التعرف على العلاقة بين درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة لأبعاد القيادة التبادلية والتماثل التنظيمي لدى المعلمين، وقد اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وبلغت عينة الدراسة (312) معلماً ومعلمة من معلمي المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة من كلا الجنسين، يمثلون نسبة (18.8%) من مجتمع الدراسة، وقد تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية الطبقية، ومثلت الاستبانة أداة جمع البيانات. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة لأبعاد القيادة التبادلية كانت مرتفعة من وجهة نظر المعلمين، أي بوزن نسبي (72.22%)، كما بينت النتائج أن مستوى التماثل التنظيمي لدى معلمي المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة كان بدرجة مرتفعة جداً، حيث كان بوزن نسبي (85.60%)، كما كشفت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة دالة إحصائياً بين ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة القيادة التبادلية والتماثل التنظيمي لدى المعلمين، بينما وجدت علاقة ارتباطية سالبة دالة إحصائياً في ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظات غزة للإدارة بالاستثناء الساكنة، ومستوى التماثل التنظيمي لدى المعلمين. وكانت أهم التوصيات عقد مديري المدارس اجتماعات دورية مع المعلمين؛ من أجل الاتفاق على معايير التعزيز والمكافأة والتقييم مقابل مستوى الجهود المبذولة في العمل، وتوجيه مديري التربية والتعليم والقيادات التربوية بالوزارة للمديرين بانتهاج أسلوبي المكافأة المشروطة، والإدارة بالاستثناء النشطة؛ لما لهما من إيجابيات وتحفيز دافعية المعلمين للعطاء.
أثر استخدام استراتيجيات إبداعية لمواءمة التعليم عن بعد في مواجهة الأزمات
Authors: السرطاوي عادل , شهاب محمود , صبرة رنا
Published: October 2024

هدفت الدراسة بحث استراتيجيات تدريس إبداعية في مواجهة الأزمات من خلال الإجابة على مجموعة من الأسئلة النوعية، حيث اعتمد الباحثون على المنهج النوعي التحليلي في الدراسة من خلال إجراء مقابلات واستطلاعات رأي مع الطالبات وأولياء أمورهن فيما يتعلق بالتعلم عن بعد واستراتيجيات تفعيله، ومقترحات لمواءمة خطة التعليم في الطوارئ خلال أزمة COVID 19. وبينت أهم النتائج فعالية الاستراتيجيات التعلمية المستخدمة فيتعلم الطالبات وتعزيز اتجاهاتهن نحو التعلم عن بعد، وفعاليتها في مواجهة التحديات المرافقة للتعلم، وأوصى الباحثون بضرورة اعتماد منصة تعليمية واحدة لجميع المدارس للتعلم عن بعد في حالات الطوارئ، والعمل على استمرار تدريب المعلمين على استخدام تطبيقات التعلم عن بعد.
دور الكلية الجامعية للعلوم التطبيقية في تنمية الإبداع لدى طلبتها من وجهة نظر أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية وسبل تطويره في ضوء التحول الرقمي
Authors: الللي سماهر , نصار وردة , علوان حنان
Published: October 2024

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف إلى دور الكلية الجامعية للعلوم التطبيقية في تنمية الابداع لدى طلبتها من وجهة نظر أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في ضوء التحول الرقمي، واستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وبلغت عينة الدراسة (76) فرداً من مجتمع الدراسة المكون من جميع أفراد الهيئة التدريسية في الكلية الجامعية والبالغ عددهم (600) فردا، وتكونت أداة الدراسة الاستبانة من (34) فقرة. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: أن درجة ممارسة الكلية الجامعية للعلوم التطبيقية لدورها في تنمية الإبداع لدى طلبتها من وجهة نظر أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية كانت مرتفعة بوزن نسبي (76.38%). كما اظهرت الدراسة أنه لا يوجد فروق دالة في دور الكلية الجامعية للعلوم التطبيقية في تنمية الإبداع لدى طلبتها بحسب المتغيرات الجنس، سنوات الخبرة والمؤهل العلمي بسبب أن القيمة الاحتمالية (sig.) اكبر من مستوى دلالة (0.05). وأوصت الدراسة بأهمية مواكبة التطورات التكنولوجية من خلال توفير المعدات الحديثة التي تمكنهم من خلق الأفكار والمعلومات والاحتفاظ بها وتوزيعها بطرق يمكنهم من استغلالها بطريقة مثلى وازدهار العمل. والاهتمام بالصفات الإيجابية لذوي القدرات الإبداعية وتوفير الظروف المناسبة لهم كونهم يلعبون الدور الأكبر في حل المشكلات
فعالية برنامج تدريبي مقترح في تنمية مهارات البحث العلمي والتفكير الإبداعي لدى طالبات الحادي عشر العلمي
Authors: قنيبي عبير
Published: October 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التّعرف على مدى فعالية برنامج تدريبي مقترح في تنمية مهارات البحث العلميّ والتفكير الإبداعي لدى عينة من طالبات الحادي عشر العلمي في مدرسة وداد ناصر الدّين الثّانوية للبنات في فلسطين للعام الدّراسي 2021/2022، تكونتْ عينة الدّراسة القصدية من(48) طالبة موزعة على مجموعتين؛ المجموعة التّجريبية وتكونت من (24) طالبة، والمجموعة الضابطة وتكونت من (24) طالبة، تمّ تطبيق البرنامج التّدريبي الذي أعدته الباحثة على عينة البحث (المجموعة التجريبية) على أربعة مراحل رئيسية وبواقع (20) ساعة تدريبية ما بين لقاءات وجاهية وأخرى عن بعد، بالإضافة الى استخدام أداتي البحث مقياس مهارات البحث العلمي ومقياس التفكير الإبداعي. وتم استخدام المنهج شبه التّجريبي لملاءمته لموضوع البحث. وبينتْ نتائج التّحليل الإحصائي أنّ حجم أثر البرنامج التّدريبي المقترح كان) كبيرًا جدًا (في تنمية مهارات البحث العلمي و) متوسطًا (في تنمية التفكير الإبداعي. كما بينت النّتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعة التّجريبية والمجموعة الضّابطة في تنمية مهارات البحث العلمي وفي التّفكير الإبداعي لصالح المجموعة التّجريبية، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة إحصائية متوسطة بين تنمية مهارات البحث العلمي والتفكير الإبداعي. وفي ضوء تفسير النتائج ودراستها توصي الباحثة بضرورة إعداد برامج تدريبية لتنميه مهارات البحث العلميّ للطلبة في المرحلة الدّراسية (التّعليم العام) خصوصًا للمرحلة الثانوية، وتطوير المناهج الدراسية بالاهتمام بإقرار مادة تدريسية متخصصة في البحث العلمي. بالإضافة الى التشارك مع المؤسسات التعليمية والجامعات والمراكز البحثية لاحتضان أفكار الطلبة الباحثين والمساهمة في بناء قدراتهم البحثية لحل المشكلات المجتمعية.
Sound-sensitive Molecules
Authors: Myjkowski Jan
Published: October 2024

Humanity has been wondering about the mechanisms of hearing for over 2,000 years. Many theories have been developed trying to solve this problem. The organ of hearing is still the only sense organ that is not fully understood. There is no doubt that the truth about hearing is different from the one proclaimed by the orthodox theory of hearing under the name of Bekesy’s traveling wave. In order to change the seemingly erroneous status quo in explaining the mechanisms of hearing, I propose to start an analysis of all the circumstances that appeared after the announcement of the traveling wave theory. A new picture of hearing is emerging, significantly different from that described in textbooks and numerous publications. Censorship by orthodox reviewers can no longer inhibit new knowledge about hearing. This paper indicates the gaps in the current hearing theory and presents a new philosophy of hearing.
Physico-mechanical Properties of Soil during the Treatment Period
Authors: Mustafaevich Muradov Shukhrat
Published: October 2024

Results of research work on physical and mechanical properties of soil during is main cultivation are presented in this article. It is established that physical and mechanical properties of soil act as defining factors in design development of working elements and justification of operating modes of soil-cultivating machines. They mainly depend on the type and texture of soil.
A Novel Therapy for Polymyalgia Rheumatica Dopaminergic Drugs
Authors: Check Jerome H
Published: October 2024

There is good anecdotal support for the concept that most chronic disorders involve increased cellular permeability allowing irritants to infuse into various organs either causing pain or physiological disruption of organ function. There is support for the concept that the large majority of these disorders, despite recalcitrance to standard therapy for that disorder, will demonstrate impressive relief of these various pathological symptoms following treatment with drugs that release dopamine from sympathetic nerve fibers, especially, but not exclusively limited to dextroamphetamine sulfate. Dopamine is known to decrease cellular permeability. The various disorders effecting almost every organ system of the human body fall under the umbrella term of the increased cellular permeability syndrome. Presented here in the first case of polymyalgia rheumatica in a male who was unable to tolerate the dosage of glucocorticoids that may have provided significant pain relief because of psychogenic side effects, who quickly responded to dextroamphetamine sulfate without any side effects.
Increased Runx-2 Expression In The Y-TZP Biomaterial Osteointegration Process With hADMSC Seeding
Authors: Rachman Arif , Permatasari Novita Indah , Arfiyanti
Published: October 2024

Introduction:. Peri-implantitis, overload, and poor prosthetic construction result in dental implant failure. The success factor of the implant is osteointegration, the formation of tissue between the implant surface and the bone without fibrous tissue. Human Mesenchymal bone marrow (hBMSC) is difficult and risky. Biomarkers associated with increased osteogenesis for osseointegration of biomaterials. This research was conducted to analyze biomarkers that can occur osteogenesis, to increase osteointegration of biomaterials that have high biocompatibility using mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: The research carried out is a true experimental study on Wistar rat test animals totaling 6 treatment groups consisting of 3 groups at the 1st week and 8th week. Each tissue sample was made into a slice preparation with a thickness of 4um, then detected by immunohistochemical examination for Runx2 expression and data in analysis. Results: An increase in Runx-2 expression occurred significantly at week 8 in the Y-TZP biomaterial treatment group seeded with hADMSC (P4). Disscusion: Through increased expression of Runx-2 is a biomarker as a marker on hADMSC which can increase osteogenesis and osteointegration of Y-TZP biomaterial. The use of Y-TZP biomaterial in tissue engineering can be used in other fields of medicine, due to its good biocompatibility as an implant biomaterial so that implant failure can be prevented. Conclusion: Dental implant failure prevented by hADMSC seeding in Y-TZP via increased Runx-2 extrusion. Runx-2 in osteogenesis and fibroblast migration are influenced by various genes in the bone healing process. The benefits of this research can reduce the stiffness of dental implants.
The Health Impacts of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Climate Change on Children
Authors: Ulfat Wali Imam , Yousafzai Mati Ur Rehman
Published: October 2024

Throughout the past 20 years, there have been numerous ecological, economic, and public health crises that have rocked the world, frequently exposing low levels of self-sufficiency and extreme unpreparedness on the side of both European and non-European nations. Adverse events have demonstrated their effects and direct detrimental impact mostly on the population aged 0–18 years, with important repercussions for families and communities. Generally, the most vulnerable suffer the consequences. Environmental pollution and climate change rank highly among the natural disasters that have an effect on children's health. Particularly, there has been a growing correlation between environmental pollution events and many health disorders, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, diabetes, and allergic diseases linked to elevated allergen production. Data from the literature have demonstrated the detrimental effects of chemicals on children's health, with endocrine disruptors receiving particular attention due to the potential harm they may bring to a variety of endocrine and non-endocrine systems. In order to further increase pediatricians and public health authorities' understanding of this crucial issue for the future of children's health, this brief overview examines the significant effects of environmental pollution and climate change on children's health.
Assessment of Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices Toward Climate Change and it’s Effects on Health Among University Students in Jalalabd, Afghanistan
Authors: Sherzad Abdul Ghafar , Azimmee Mohammad Azim , Zalmai Ahmad Shakib , Adil Ali Jan , Danish Lutfullah
Published: October 2024

Climate change (CC) is a complex global environmental challenge that has a worldwide effect on public health, development, agriculture, water supplies, and energy production. In addition to international efforts, youth engagement is vital to environmental conservation and climate action support. Therefore, the study aimed to assess knowledge, perceptions, and practices toward CC and its effects on health among university students in Jalalabd, Afghanistan. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on 471 public and private university students in Jalalabad, Afghanistan, from September 2023 to December 2023. A non-probability-convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 28. In this study, a total of 471 students were enrolled. 87.3% were male and 12.7% were female. Majority of them (95.5%) had heard of CC and believed that it affected their communities. The main sources of information about CC were television and radio (77.5%). Water-borne diseases, disruption of health services, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, malnutrition, vector-borne disease, were identified by students as CC related health impacts. Among the students, (72.8%) had adequate knowledge, and (27.2%) were having inadequate knowledge regarding CC and its effects on health. Raising public awareness, adopting environmentally friendly technologies, increasing tree planting, and proper waste disposal were mentioned by over 90% of the students as ways to reduce CC. Most common eco-friendly practices among the students were using recyclable products (77.2%), using public transportation (77.1%), and using energy-efficient lightbulbs (75.2%). There was a significant association between the students’ knowledge and their practices. In addition, university type, academic year level, and information sources were significantly related to their knowledge. The study concluded that the majority of the participants were aware of CC and agreed that CC is a serious problem, but they had inadequate practices compared to their knowledge.  It is crucial to translate students' knowledge into deliberate practices. In order to implement eco-friendly practices, students must be inspired to care for the environment through various activities on important environmental days, like world environment day.
The Relationship between Climate Change Anxiety and Mental Health among Students at Nangarhar University, Afghanistan
Authors: Haqyar Hakim Khan , Shaheed Zooy Mohammad Ishaq , Zaky Nasibullah
Published: October 2024

Climate change is progressively having stronger and longer-lasting impacts on societies, which can directly and indirectly affect people's mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between climate anxiety and mental health (in terms of depression, general anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder) among students of Nangarhar University, Afghanistan. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on 350 participants who are currently studying at Nangarhar University from December 1 to December 21, 2023. A non-probability-convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected using an online Google form that was shared with 13 faculties’ student groups for three weeks with the help of Nangarhar University lecturers. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24. The findings of this study show that there is a positive and significant relationship between climate change anxiety and depression (Beta = 52; P<0.001), a positive and significant relationship between climate change anxiety and general anxiety (Beta = 48; P <0.001), and a positive and significant relationship between climate change anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (Beta = 47; p <0.001). Climate change anxiety was the main source of mental health problems for Nangarhar University male students, as it has a positive and significant relationship with mental health in terms of depression, general anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. So it is suggested to incorporate climate change anxiety into governmental policies and plans for the mental health of students, including mental health psychological supports, to better prepare and respond to climate change anxiety.
Climate Change and its Impact on Human Health: A Focus on Vetcor Borne Diseases
Authors: Atish Shafiqullah , Shinwari Ihsanullah , Haidary Asgharkhan , Hemat Muhabat Shah , Shaheen Hifz Ur Rahman
Published: October 2024

Human activities are blamed for climate change, for instance, cutting trees, deforestation, desertification, arable lands abuse, increasing consumption of fossil fuels in industries and transportation have increased greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide in the earths atmospheres that resulted in increased average temperature. Accumulation of green house gases  in lower atmospheres is the main reason for global warming. The overall health effects of climate change are likely to be extremely negative. Climate change affects social and environmental factors related to health such as  contaminating drinking water, less access to water, having adverse effects on food security, and ruining shelter. It also imposes new diseases and mortality on human population. Climate change specially extreme high temperature increases deaths due to complication from cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, diabetes, mental disorder, respiratory and renal diseases. Weather related natural disasters result in more deaths. Intense rainfall and floods cause direct trauma, ruin agricultural land, contaminate fresh water, increase the  risk of  water borne disease and create suitable breeding grounds for vector borne disease like malaria, leshmaniasis, CCHF, and others. Climate change also increases the rate of communicable and non-communicable diseases. All papulation is affected by climate change but elders, pregnant women and children are more vulnerable than others.  Climate change is challenging all human societies, but areas with  weak health infrastructure and low socioeconomic status are more affected.
The Impact of Climate Change on Household Food Security (Afghanistan): A Review
Authors: Zaman Hayat , Khalil Marastyal , Zaki Shir Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Climate change is predicted to adversely affect agricultural yields, particularly in Asian countries, where crop production heavely relies on environmental factors such as rainfall and temperature. However, there have been limited studies on the effects of climate change dynamics on food security in Asia, particularly at the household level. Consequently We conducte analysis of local climatic changes, the status of household food security, climate-related causes of food insecurity, food security determinants and the adaptation strategies employed by local farmers. The research revealed that the Climate change over the last three decades negitively impacted  the food security status of households. Crop production faced constraints due to inadequate rainfall, severe erosion and rising temperatures. Additionaly factors such as unpredictability of rainfall, pests and diseases further contributed to the challenges. Using the calorie intake approach, 60.5% of sampled respondents were food insecure. Further analysis utalizing  the logistic regression model showed that age and family size, as well as the amount of cultivated land and rainfall, were the significant (p < 0.05) factors influencing household food security status. A substantial proportion (69.8%) of farmers incorporated adapting strategies into farm management parctice. These strategies included improved use of crop varieties and livestock production, in addition to income diversification. Taken together, these findings show that improving climate change awareness, facilitating the participation of female-led households in income generation and strengthening existing adaptation measures have positive impacts on food security.
Investigating the Effects of Climate Change on the Humans Health
Authors: Ayazi Haseebullah , Kochi Khodaidad , Ulfat Waliimam
Published: October 2024

Climate change, which is the main cause of air and environmental pollution, is a major global challenge that significantly affects human health and causes the premature death of seven million people annually. Environmental changes in the frequency, intensity, type of rainfall and extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, lightning, sandstorms and hurricanes have occurred and are real and daunting challenges for human health and the biosphere that affect Water and food resources. Urbanization, with high levels of greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles and western lifestyles, is associated with increased levels of particulate matter in the air and food sources, soil, fresh water, and oceans. These environmental changes are associated with an increase in the frequency of allergic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular, cancer, heat-related mortality, diseases caused by food and nutrition, stress-related disorders, and bronchial asthma, which have been observed in most industrialized countries in recent decades and are continuously increasing in developing countries. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the recent evidence on the effects of climate change on air and environmental pollution and pollution-related health effects and to identify avenues of knowledge for future research.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Herat University Medical Students Towards Climate Change
Authors: Joya Shafiq Ahmad , Seddiqi Abdul Subhan , Niazi Aziz-ur-Rahman
Published: October 2024

Climate change, a major global problem, threatens the health of humans, animals and environment. It is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases that results from human activities on earth surface. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of medical students of Herat University towards climate change. This cross-sectional university-based KAP survey was conducted between October and December, 2023, among students of the Faculty of Medicine at Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan. A total of 190 students with a median age of 22.0 years, selected via a simple random sampling technique were included in the study. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and KAP of participants were collected using a paper-based 69-item questionnaire, including three questions for sociodemographic characteristics, six questions for evaluating knowledge, 42 questions for attitude, and 18 questions for practice. Statistical analyses were performed in IBM SPSS Statistics (version 27.0). Of the 190 participants, 185 (97.4%) heard about climate change, 126 (66.3%) noticed unpredictable rainfalls, and 62 (32.6%) experienced hotter days and nights. Of all participants, 134 (70.5%) stated that climate change was very important to them, while 53 (27.9%) felt sad, and 42 (22.1%) felt that they could do something to tackle climate change. Three-fourth (74.7%) of students thought that industry- and vehicle-related air pollution was the cause of climate change, while 131 (68.9%) and 130 (68.4%) thought that deforestation and greenhouse gases were the most considerable causes, respectively. To help tackle climate change, 173 (91.1%) participants turned off lights when they were not in use, 153 (80.5%) used energy-saving equipment, and 133 (70.0%) used energy-saving lights. Results obtained in this study, along with the findings of similar studies, highlight the need to raise public KAP regarding climate change.
Effects of Surkh-Rod District Brick Kilns Emissions on Human Health
Authors: Haidari Uzair , Himat Hikmatullah , Waheed Abdul Waheed , Hamid Ihsanullah , Haidari Mohammad Tariq
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we tried to find the effects of brick kiln emissions on human health at Surkh-Rod district of Nangarhar province, Afghanistan and which live in a circle of one kilometer of brick kilns. Establishing the facts, both quantitative and qualitative data were simultaneously collected, the area was sampled based on non-random convenience sampling, (20) brick kilns selected based on random stratified sampling and the respondents were selected based on sample random sampling. Microsoft excel descriptive analysis, percentage analysis was performed for data analysis of close-ended statements and thematic analysis was used to analyze non-quantifiable data from the open-ended items (textual).  After analyzing the data, it concludes that a wide range of individuals, including men, women, kids, adolescents, and senior citizens, work in brick kilns. The majority of these workers lack access to modern education, and their religious education is also at a low level. The toxic gases in the kiln causes more suffer to those employed there. Furthermore, those families who live near kilns for at least five years at a distance of almost one kilometer have shortness of breath, headaches, different types of lung diseases, Eye Irritation, Hearth and skin diseases. These disease is caused by the harmful gases produced by the burning of coal, coal, wood, garbage and various types of fuel. Also, our finding shows that they don't wear any of the protective equipment that should be worn at work to protect themselves from the potentially harmful impacts of these hazardous gasses.
Effects of Human Activities on Climate Change: A Narrative Review
Authors: Adil Ali Jan , Hemmat Jamaat Khan , Sherzad Abdul Ghafar
Published: October 2024

The sun supplies the energy which runs the earth’s climate system. Changes and modifications in the configuration and intensity of incident solar radiation which hits the Earth may produce changes in global and regional Climate. Since 1950, most of the warming has been caused by human activities, human activities which create the emissions of greenhouse gases. The energy balance of the climate system has been significantly disturbed by Human activities not only by burning fuels but also by the usage of various components of carbon. Greenhouse gas concentrations increase and global temperatures rise, the total amount of water vapor in the atmosphere also increases, further amplifying the warming effect. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the effects of human activities on climate change.
Assessing Households’ Food Insecurity Affected by Climate Change in Koshk e Robat Sangi District, Herat Province
Authors: Masoumi Abdullah , Foshanji Ahmad Shafiq , Hamidi Abdul Fatah , Rahimi Basir Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Physically and economically, access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food for an active and healthy life is a basic human right. We assessed the households’ food insecurity in Koshk e Robat Sangi district using the household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS). In this research, 383 standard questionnaires were distributed to the households in different villages of the districts, and the results were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The level of food insecurity was varied among the participants. Seventy-seven percent of the participants expressed concern about food insecurity in their households during the last 30 days. Most participants (91.9%) were not able to consume desired food, had limited variety of food and ate food that they did not desire due to lack of resources. The insufficient food intake by the investigated population shows that 27% are classified as moderately food insecure, and 37.9 % are severely food insecure. The findings of the research indicate that participants live with food insecure condition, which 75.4 % of participants live in a food insecure condition. Climate changes, rapid population growth and technological barriers are known as leading causes of food insecurity. Providing financial support to low-income households and management of natural resources could improve food security.
Amelioration of Heat Stress-Induced Alterations in Immune indices, Serum Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Ability and Gene Expression in Wistar Rats through Nutritional Strategies
Authors: Rahmani Mohammad Malyar , Nasim Maazullah , Shinwari Abdul Waris , Darmel Mohammad Bayer
Published: October 2024

High ambient temperature and humidity have a negative impact on livestock health and can lead to heat stress in animals. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of SeP, ZnP, P and SeZnP on the growth performance, serum enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immune function, and mRNA expression of Wistar rats exposed to high ambient temperature. Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to six groups: Control (CON), high temperature (HT), high temperature plus probiotics (HT+P, CFU, L. acidophilus 1011/mL and S. cerevisiae 109/mL), high temperature plus zinc-fortified probiotics (HT+ZnP, 100mg/L), high temperature plus selenium-fortified probiotics (HT+SeP, 0.3mg/L), and high temperature plus selenium/zinc-fortified probiotics (HT+SeZnP, 0.3mg/L + 100mg/L). The feeding period lasted forty days, and blood and tissue samples were collected on the final day. The results demonstrated that all supplemented groups (P, SeP, ZnP, and SeZnP) significantly enhanced growth performance compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Notably, SeZnP supplementation significantly increased GSH content, SOD activity, GSH-Px activity, while reduced MDA content, creatinine, LDH, CK, ALP, AST, ALT, and blood urea nitrogen levels in the serum of Wistar rats. The concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-2 (p < 0.05) increased with all supplemented treatments, while IL-10 decreased. Moreover, SeP, ZnP, and SeZnP significantly upregulated the expression of GPx1 and SOD1 genes (p < 0.05), while downregulated Hsp90 and Hsp70 heat shock genes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this product shows potential as a nutritive supplement for animals exposed to high ambient temperatures. Implementing this strategy can help producers maintain the health, comfort, and productivity of their animals during the summer season.
A Aposentadoria Programada do Transgênero
Authors: Zanin Vanessa Carina
Published: October 2024

This article promotes the debate about the age to be considered in the retirement requirements of people who change their gender throughout their lives because they do not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth. It starts from the analysis of the reasons for the inequality of the minimum retirement age of men and women in Social Security, identifies whether this distinction is evaluated on contemporary issues related to sex, which would imply the use of retirement ages taking into account biological sex policyholders. However, if the age distinction is linked to gender-related reasons, the most appropriate solution will be to use the self-perceived gender by the insured as a basic criterion for defining the retirement age. The analysis departed from the decision issued by the STF in ADI 4275, which recognized the right to substitute first names and sex directly in the civil registry to transgender people who so wish, regardless of transgenitalization surgery, or to perform hormonal or pathological shutdowns, inaugurating a new paradigm regarding identity recognition, with repercussions throughout the Brazilian legal system, including in the social security sphere.
Quality of Life of Children Ages 4-16 Years Old with Atopic Dermatitis using the Filipino Translation of Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index Questionnaire (CDLQI) [Indeks ng Kalidad ng Buhay ng Pang-Dermatolohiya ng mga Bata (IKPaB)]
Authors: Reburiano Rhia Adrienne , Kwong-Buizon Shirley Lam
Published: October 2024

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing skin condition known to have detrimental psychosocial impact in the pediatric population as well as a negative effect on their quality of life (QoL). This study determined the effect of AD on the QoL of patients ages 4-16 years old using the Filipino translation of Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index Questionnaire [Indeks ng Kalidad ng Buhay ng Pang-Dermatolohiya ng mga Bata (IKPaB)].Methodology: This investigation used a cross-sectional analytic study design. The IKPaB was administered to 50 patients with AD diagnosed within the context of a baseline medical history, physical examination and United Kingdom Working Party’s diagnostic criteria. Ten questions, covering 6 areas of daily activities (symptoms/feelings, leisure, school or holidays, personal relationships, sleep and treatment), were answered using a 4-point Likert scale score from 0 to 3. The total score yielded a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 30. Higher IKPaB score indicated a greater degree of QoL impairment. Statistical analysis was done using Z score and Mann Whitney U test.Results: In the 6 variables measured, a small effect of AD on the symptoms and feeling and school holiday, while no effect on leisure, personal relationship, sleep and treatment were noted. No statistical variations were noted between life quality index of children when patients were grouped according to age, sex, body mass index, co-morbid conditions, parental education, employment, residence and family history of AD. Compounding all variables, mean ± SD score of 10.48 ± 5.05 showed a moderate effect on QoL.Conclusions: AD of patients ages 4-16 years old had moderate effect on QoL as predicted by the IKPaB.
The role of Imp and Syp RNA-binding proteins in precise neuronal elimination by apoptosis through the regulation of transcription factors
Authors: Guan Wenyue , Nie Ziyan , Laurençon Anne , Bouchet Mathilde , Godin Christophe , Kabir Chérif , Darnas Aurelien , Enriquez Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Neuronal stem cells generate a limited and consistent number of neuronal progenies, each possessing distinct morphologies and functions, which are crucial for optimal brain function. Our study focused on a neuroblast (NB) lineage in Drosophila known as Lin A/15, which generates motoneurons (MNs) and glia. Intriguingly, Lin A/15 NB dedicates 40% of its time to producing immature MNs (iMNs) that are subsequently eliminated through apoptosis. Two RNA-binding proteins, Imp and Syp, play crucial roles in this process. Imp+ MNs survive, while Imp−, Syp+ MNs undergo apoptosis. Genetic experiments show that Imp promotes survival, whereas Syp promotes cell death in iMNs. Late-born MNs, which fail to express a functional code of transcription factors (mTFs) that control their morphological fate, are subject to elimination. Manipulating the expression of Imp and Syp in Lin A/15 NB and progeny leads to a shift of TF code in late-born MNs toward that of early-born MNs, and their survival. Additionally, introducing the TF code of early-born MNs into late-born MNs also promoted their survival. These findings demonstrate that the differential expression of Imp and Syp in iMNs links precise neuronal generation and distinct identities through the regulation of mTFs. Both Imp and Syp are conserved in vertebrates, suggesting that they play a fundamental role in precise neurogenesis across species.
Cyclic di-GMP as an antitoxin regulates bacterial genome stability and antibiotic persistence in biofilms
Authors: Liao Hebin , Yan Xiaodan , Wang Chenyi , Huang Chun , Zhang Wei , Xiao Leyi , Jiang Jun , Bao Yongjia , Huang Tao , Zhang Hanbo , Guo Chunming , Zhang Yufeng , Pu Yingying
Published: October 2024

Biofilms are complex bacterial communities characterized by a high persister prevalence, which contributes to chronic and relapsing infections. Historically, persister formation in biofilms has been linked to constraints imposed by their dense structures. However, we observed an elevated persister frequency accompanying the stage of cell adhesion, marking the onset of biofilm development. Subsequent mechanistic studies uncovered a comparable type of toxin-antitoxin (TA) module (TA-like system) triggered by cell adhesion, which is responsible for this elevation. In this module, the toxin HipH acts as a genotoxic deoxyribonuclease, inducing DNA double strand breaks and genome instability. While the second messenger c-di-GMP functions as the antitoxin, exerting control over HipH expression and activity. The dynamic interplay between c-di-GMP and HipH levels emerges as a crucial determinant governing genome stability and persister generation within biofilms. These findings unveil a unique TA system, where small molecules act as the antitoxin, outlining a biofilm-specific molecular mechanism influencing genome stability and antibiotic persistence, with potential implications for treating biofilm infections.
Quick mining in dense data: applying probabilistic support prediction in depth-first order
Authors: Sadeequllah Muhammad , Rauf Azhar , Rehman Saif Ur , Alnazzawi Noha
Published: October 2024

Frequent itemset mining (FIM) is a major component in association rule mining, significantly influencing its performance. FIM is a computationally intensive nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard problem. At the core of FIM is the task of computing support of candidate itemsets. This problem becomes more severe when the dataset is dense as the support is computed for millions, or even billions, of candidate itemsets. The rapid growth of data further exacerbates this problem. To achieve high scalability and efficiency, recently, researchers have proposed various approaches to approximate the support of an itemset using as small a subset of transaction data as possible. In addition to efficiency, accuracy is another important metric for these algorithms. They strive to increase true positives and reduce false negatives and false positives. One such recently proposed approximate FIM algorithm is Probabilistic Breadth-First (ProbBF), which is highly efficient for dense data due to its unique approach of not using transactional data beyond 2-size itemsets. Unlike other counterparts, this algorithm requires no additional input parameters beyond the traditional support threshold. However, ProbBF is a breadth-first algorithm, and it is well-established that breadth-first FIM algorithms consume significantly more memory than depth-first algorithms on dense datasets. It is also worth noting that significantly high memory consumption slows run-time performance of an algorithm due to low utilization of locality of reference, thrashing, and aggressive garbage collection etc. This article proposes a FIM algorithm, ProbDF, that discards transaction data after determining all frequent itemsets of sizes one and two. For frequent itemsets of size three or more, it employs a probabilistic support prediction model (PSPM) to predict their support probabilistically. PSPM, first proposed with ProbBF, uses lightweight calculations that exclude transaction data. Our experiments demonstrate that ProbDF, with its depth-first search strategy tailored to PSPM and other optimizations, is efficient in terms of time and space, and successfully generates the majority of frequent itemsets on real-world benchmark datasets. However, due to the probabilistic nature of ProbDF, some compromise in quality is inevitable.
A call to further understand the role of carrion in food webs: a case study of the Australian Alps
Authors: Newsome T. , Spencer E. , Cairncross R. , Fust C. , Vandersteen J. , Barton P.
Published: October 2024

Carcasses are integral to the structure and function of ecosystems, providing a food source for a variety of scavenger species that recycle nutrients back into the biosphere. However, in many systems globally there is limited information on the extent of carcass use by scavengers and the length of carcass persistence. This prevents land managers from making well-informed decisions on whether carcasses should be removed if produced in excessive numbers following activities such as culling, or extreme weather and disease outbreaks, or when to undertake management operations that add to the overall carcass biomass in ecosystems. In this paper, we focus on the Australian Alps and highlight results from recent studies to show that carcasses persist in this bioregion for long periods in winter when insects are less active. We show that vertebrate scavenging rates are relatively low in the Australian Alps compared to other bioregions in Australia, and that carcasses in this system can become hotspots for introduced species like European wasps (Vespula germanica), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and feral pigs (Sus scrofa). We advocate that further carcass monitoring in the Australian Alps should focus on scavenger use and persistence rates for different carcasses species, including across different elevations, seasons, and following culling operations. This will ultimately help to guide understanding around when native scavenger guilds can effectively accelerate carcass biomass loss, which is a key indicator of a healthy, functioning ecosystem.
Study of Effect of Water Harvesting Techniques (Holes and Crescents) on Growth of Sidr (Ziziphus Spina-Christi) in South Omdurman Area, Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: AHMED Shaker Babiker , SAEED Amir Bakheit , HASHIM Mohaned Abd Elgadir E.
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted at south west Omdurman area, Khartoum state, Sudan, following a complete randomized block design. The objective of the present investigation is to study the effect of two water harvesting techniques (Holes- T1 and Crescents- T2) in comparison with the control (C) on the growth parameters of Ziziphus spina-christi and soil moisture content. The growth parameters of Ziziphus spina-christi were measured at three weeks interval, the soil moisture content was measured before and after rains through the rain season from June to October. The results indicated that the both water harvesting techniques have a positive influence on the plant (Sidr) growth parameters compared to the control (C). The T1 showed better improvement on plant (Sidr) growth parameters compared to the T2 water harvesting technique wtich resulted in increase of 15.1% in soil moisture content, 3.3% in plant length, 9.1% in number of leaves per plant and 5.1% in plant stem diameter. Holes type of water harvesting technique were recorded higher values of moisture content, Ziziphus spina-christi tree species is highly recommended in the west Omdurman area.