bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interventions for Cognitive Frailty: developing a Delphi consensus with multidisciplinary and multisectoral experts
Authors: Holland Carol , Dravecz Nikolett , Broughton Susan , Barker Lynne , Bature Fidelia , Clarke Charlotte , Danat Isaac , Das Sayani , Dias Irundika , Dawson Annabel , Dixon Mandy , Ellison Amanda , Facal David , Finch Roland , Gaffney Christopher , Gow Alan J. , Kelaiditi Eirini , Klimczuk Andrzej , Navarro Esperanza , Sharratt Phoebe , Sixsmith Andrew , Suemoto Claudia , Suprawesta Lalu , Watermeyer Tamlyn , Fowler-Davis Sally
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The conjunction of physical frailty and cognitive impairment without dementia is described as Cognitive Frailty (CF). Indications that CF is potentially reversible have led to proposals that risk factors, symptoms or mechanisms of CF would be appropriate targets for interventions for prevention, delay or reversal. However, no study has brought experts together across sectors to determine targets, content or mode of interventions, and most resources on interventions are from the perspective of academic or clinical researchers only. This international Delphi consensus study brings together experts from academic and clinical research, lay people with lived experience of CF, informal carers, and professional care practitioners/clinicians.Methods: Three rounds of Delphi study were held to discern which factors and statements were agreed upon by the whole sample and which generated different views in those with differing expertise. A scoping review and Round 1 (29 participants) were used to gather initial statements. In Round 2, 58 people responded to statements and open text items, comprising 7 lab-based researchers, 27 researchers working with people, 14 people with lived experience or informal family carers, and 10 professional carers/clinicians. Percent agreement and qualitative responses were analysed to provide a final set of statements which were checked by 38 respondents in Round 3.Results: Analysis of Round 2 quantitative data provided 74 statements on which there was at least 70% agreement and qualitative data produced a further 24 statements. These were combined to provide 90 statements for Round 3. There was Consensus for 89 of the statements. A few differences between the groups were observed at both stages.Discussion and Conclusion: The consensus for statements associated with CF interventions provides a useful first step in defining health promotion activities and interventions. Given the prevalence and potential disability caused by CF in older populations, the consensus statements represent expert opinion that is inter-sectoral and will inform public health policies to support implementation of evidence-based prevention and intervention plans. This study is an important step towards changing current approaches, by including all stakeholders from the outset. Outcomes can be used to feed into co-creation of interventions for cognitive frailty.
Dyslexia in Bilinguals: a PRISMA Systematic Review
Authors: Balboni Irene , Kepinska Olga , Berthele Raphael , Golestani Narly
Published: December 2024

Research on dyslexia and bilingualism has largely been conducted separately (Cline, 2000). This systematic review explores the interaction between bilingualism and dyslexia by summarising and synthesising studies that include bilingual dyslexic readers (DRs). The goal is to identify aspects of dyslexia that are independent of multilingual experience and to determine the most appropriate diagnostic tests for bilingual populations. We include 40 studies, categorised into three groups: studies involving only bilingual dyslexic and typical readers (TRs), studies comparing monolingual and bilingual DRs and TRs, and studies predicting poor reading in bilingual populations. Our findings indicate that rapid naming and reading impairments remain prevalent in bilingual dyslexic populations. Phonological awareness, a common deficit in dyslexia, appears to be less impaired in bilingual readers. Notably, language experience is associated with more differences in DRs than TRs, suggesting that bilingualism may interact with relevant skills more markedly in dyslexic than in typically reading individuals. In predictive studies, the high variability across studies does not allow for evidence-based recommendations for reliable diagnostic measures. Future research should focus on clearly defining the language profiles of participants and should ensure that assessments account for linguistic experience in the language of testing. Additionally, evaluations should adopt a more comprehensive and individualised approach to accurately assess bilingual readers.
Family therapy in the treatment of child and adolescent eating disorders
Authors: McGrath Aisling , Jewell Tom
Published: December 2024

Family therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in adolescents. There is also emerging evidence for family therapy as a treatment for avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). The aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date overview of the family therapy approach to treating adolescent eating disorders. Family therapy emerged in the 1980s as an evidence-based approach to treating adolescent eating disorders. A core aspect of the treatment is an early emphasis on parents supporting their child to achieve behavioural change, whilst later helping the child to take responsibility for their eating. The treatment is supported by evidence from randomized controlled trials, but there have been relatively few trials comparing family therapy with individual treatments. To improve the evidence base for family therapy, we recommend greater involvement of people with lived experience of eating disorders in research; the development of ‘modular’ treatment manuals; a focus on improving the validity and reliability of measures; and greater use of alternatives to randomised controlled trials, including experimental studies and use of real-world data.
Writing Against Essentialization. Cultural Appropriation as a Problem
Authors: Tauschek Markus
Published: December 2024

In recent years, certain cultural forms of expression as well as certain practices, artefacts or phenomena have been problematized and scandalized as cultural appropriation. This contribution argues that the accusation of cultural appropriation is based on essentializing and therefore problematic concepts of culture. Claiming a phenomenon or a thing to have been subjected to cultural appropriation assumes that such elements belong
Soft Power- Track Two Diplomacy: Insights into Nepal-Japan Relations
Authors: Adhikari Jyoti
Published: December 2024

The study delves into the cultural exchanges and historical context that have shaped these ties, particularly emphasizing the role of Buddhist Sanskrit scriptures. A key figure in this narrative is Rev. Ekai Kawaguchi, a Japanese Buddhist monk whose efforts in the late 19th and early 20th centuries exemplify the principles of scripture diplomacy and soft power. The primary aim is to analyze how Kawaguchi's activities contributed to enhancing Nepal-Japan relations and to draw broader implications for soft power diplomacy in contemporary international relations. The article employs qualitative analysis, examining historical documents, cultural exchanges, and the impact of educational initiatives on diplomatic relations. The results underscore the significance of cultural and educational interactions in fostering and sustaining diplomatic relations. Kawaguchi's contributions highlight the potential of soft power as a diplomatic tool, suggesting that cultural diplomacy can effectively strengthen bilateral ties. This study provides valuable insights into the role of soft power diplomacy in modern international relations, particularly through the lens of Japan and Nepal's historical connections. It emphasizes the importance of educational and cultural exchanges in building and maintaining diplomatic relationships.
Sociological Analysis of Local Support Practices Contribute into Strengthening Entrepreneurs Capacity
Authors: Adhikari Shukra Raj , Chongbang Nirmal , Bhandari Manoj
Published: December 2024

Local support practices and community-based supporting systems are the socio-cultural initiatives. This paper aims to explore how social support practices contributed to the sustainability of local enterprises during the local crises, a period marked by weak informal support systems, inadequate risk transfer measures, and insufficient state recovery policies and budgets. To gain the objective both qualitative and quantitative data has been collected under the qual-quan research design. The research area has been located in Kaski, Tanahu and Gorkha district. Using convenience sampling of thirty-six micro and small entrepreneurs across Kaski, Tanahu, and Gorkha districts in Nepal. The research employed case study method, observation and closed-ended questionnaires methods to gathered the data. The findings indicate that while local self-saving efforts and community support significantly strengthened resilience among entrepreneurs, informal support practices and state support policies need to be reshaped. The study concludes that enhancing both local support mechanisms and state engagement is essential for improving entrepreneurial sustainability in future crises.
बैतडी जिल्लाको पाटनमा गाइने सांस्कारिक गीतको विधातात्विक अध्ययन
Authors: पन्त Panta रमेशप्रसाद Ramesh Prasad
Published: December 2024

यस अध्ययनको मुख्य उद्देश्य बैतडी जिल्लाको पाटन क्षेत्रमा ब्रतबन्ध गर्दा गाइने संस्कारिक गीतको तत्वगत विश्लेषण गर्नु रहेको छ साथै त्यस्ता कार्यमध्ये जन्म, न्वारन, छैँटी, अन्नप्रासन, करणवेद, व्रतबन्ध, विवाहका क्रममा लोप हुन लागेका यस्ता जीवनसँग सम्बन्धित सांस्कारिक गीतलाई सबैले बचाउने काम गर्दछ भन्ने उद्देश्य रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा बैतडी जिल्लाको पाटन क्षेत्रमा गरिएको छ । यहाँ ब्रतवन्ध संस्कार कार्य गर्दा गाइने संस्कारिक गीतलाई सम्बन्धित ठाउँमा प्रत्यक्ष रुपमा सहभागी ३० वर्षकी मानमती पन्त र ७० वर्षका कृति पन्तलाई सूचक छनौट गरी कार्य सम्पन्न गर्न सामग्री सङकलन गरिएको छ साथै यसमा गीत सङ्कलन गर्न क्षेत्रीय अध्ययन कार्यको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यसमा वर्णनात्मक विधि र विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यसमा तथ्यहरू खाजेर विश्लेषण गरिएको हुनाले गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान मान्न सकिन्छ । यसले विदेशी संस्कृतिले प्रभावित भएका युवायुवतीले सांस्कारिक लोकगीतको बारेमा जानेमा र बुझेमा यस्ता गीतहरू भावी पुस्तावका लागि एक दस्तावेजको रुपमा रहनेछ । यो गीत गायनको लोकलयका बारेमा बोधगम्य हुनेछ । भावी शोधार्थीका लागि प्रस्तुत कार्य मार्गदर्शक अवश्य बन्नेछ । बैतडी जिल्लामा प्रचलित गीतलाई सङ्कलन गरेर यसलाई सिद्धान्तनिष्ठ पारेर विश्लेषण गरी विशुद्ध सांस्कारिक गीत हो भनेर प्रमाणित गरिएको छ । यसको गायन गरिने समयावधिको बोध भएको छ । यसमा प्रयोग भएको भाषा स्थानीय र मौलिकतामा आधारित रहेको छ । कथ्य रुपमा रहेका गीतलाई लेख्य रुपको माध्यमबाट जीवित राखने काम गरिएको छ यी सबैलाई उक्त गीत गायनको उपलब्धिलाई मानिएको छ ।
चुली उपन्यासमा सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरण
Authors: सोती Soti जगतमणि Jagatmani
Published: December 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख उपन्यासकार सरुभक्तद्वारा लिखित चुली उपन्यासमा प्रयुक्त पर्यावरणीय संस्कृतिको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । पर्यावरणीय अध्ययन खासगरी उत्तरआधुनिक युगमा विकसित अन्तर्विषयक समालोचना पद्धति हो । पर्यावरणीय अध्ययनका विविध क्षेत्रहरुमध्ये संस्कृति पनि एक हो । चुली उपन्यासमा विश्वको सर्वाेच्च शिखर सगरमाथा आरोहणमा संलग्न आरोहीको अनुभवलाई मुख्य विषयवस्तु बनाइएको छ । यस उपन्यासमा हिमाली सभ्यता, संस्कृति, सौन्दर्य, पर्यावरण र सार्वभौमिकता जस्ता कुराहरुलाई विशेष महत्व प्रदान गरिएको छ । हिमाली सभ्यता र संस्कृति तथा धार्मिक आस्था र विश्वासलाई सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणका रुपमा स्थापित गरिएको यस उपन्यासमा पर्यावरणीय सौन्दर्य चेतनालाई समेत विशेष महत्व प्रदान गरिएको छ । चुली उपन्यासमा प्रयुक्त सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणको पहिचान कसरी गर्न सकिन्छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक जिज्ञासाको समाधान गर्नु नै यस लेखको मुख्य उद्देश्य हो । यस लेखलाई पर्यावरणीय समालोचनाका विविध विषय क्षेत्रहरुमध्ये सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणको अध्ययनमा सीमित गरिएको छ । निगमनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरी तयार पारिएको यस लेखमा प्राथमिक र दितीयक दुबै स्रोतका सामग्रीहरुको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । पर्यावरणीय समालोचनाको सैद्धान्तिक मान्यतामा आधारित भएर तयार पारिएको यस लेखमा पर्यावरणीय संस्कृतिलाई अध्ययनको केन्द्रक बनाइएको छ । चोमोलोङ्मा देवी, भोटे चिया, जुङ्ता र अन्य मानवीय सम्बन्धका सन्दर्भहरुलाई आधार मानेर विश्लेषण गर्दा चुली उपन्यास सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणका दृष्टिले उपयुक्त रहेको निष्कर्ष प्राप्त भएको छ ।
कम्युनिस्ट लिगको वैज्ञानिक समाजवादी चिन्तनमा आधारित राजनीतिक तथा साङ्गठनिक कार्यक्रमको दस्तावेज: कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्र
Authors: मैनाली Mainali गोविन्दप्रसाद Govinda Prasad
Published: December 2024

कम्युनिस्ट लिगको राजनीतिक कार्यक्रमको रूपमा रहेको कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्रको अध्ययन गर्नु यस आलेखको प्रमुख उद्देश्य हो । माक्र्स र एंगेल्सले सन् १८४८ मा कम्युनिस्ट लिगको राजनीतिक कार्यक्रमको रूपमा कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्र लेखेका थिए । यस घोषणापत्र लेखेपछि विश्व राजनीतिमा विधिवत रूपमा वैज्ञानिक समाजवादी चिन्तनको उद्भव भएको थियो । यसैलाई मिहिन, सूक्ष्म र प्रस्टसँग अध्ययन गर्नु यस आलखेको प्रमुख उद्देश्य हो । यस आलेखको अध्ययन विधि आगनात्मक विधि हो । यस आलखेको अध्ययन ढाँचा ऐ्तिहासिक, वर्णनात्मक र विवरणात्मक ढाँचा हो । सङ्कलन गरिएको उक्त सामाग्रीलाई गुणात्मक विश्लेषण विधि मार्फत विश्लेषण गरी अध्ययनको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । यस आलेखको अध्ययन गर्दा कम्युनिस्ट लिग र कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्रलाई प्रमुख आधार मानिएको छ । यिस आलेखको अध्ययनले कम्युनिस्ट लिगको वैज्ञानिक समाजवादी चिन्तनमा आधारित राजनीतिक तथा साङ्गठनिक कार्यक्रम कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्र हो भन्ने ज्ञान प्राप्त हुन्छ । विश्व समाजवादी आन्दोलनमा मजदुर तथा सर्वहारावर्गले पनि त्यस समयमा आनो राजनीतिक मुक्तिका निम्ति ठोस राजनीतिक कार्यक्रम नपाउँदा त्यस समयका काल्पनिक समाजवादी चिन्तकका अमूर्त समाजवादी चिन्तनमा अल्मलिन पुगेका थिए । जसका कारण मजदुर तथा सर्वहारावर्गको आन्दोलनले कुनै पनि गति लिन सकेको थिएन । यस आलेखमा यही कम्युनिस्ट लिग र कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्रको बारेमा अध्ययन गरिएको हुँदा यस आलेखको विशेष महत्व छ ।
सिंहदरबारको अधिकार गाउँगाउँमा
Authors: रिमाल Rimal छत्रप्रसाद Chatra Prasad
Published: December 2024

नेपालको राजनैतिक इतिहास, राणाकाल, पञ्चायती शासन व्यवस्था, बहुदलीय ब्यवस्था र गणतन्त्र प्राप्त पछि नयाँ संबिधान २०७२ प्राप्त भएपछि तीन तहको राज्यको पुर्न संरचनाले गाउँलाई स्थानीय निकायबाट स्थानीयतहमा परिवर्तन गरीदिएको छ । ७ सय ५३ स्थानीय तहमा तत्काल विभिन्न तहका गरी ३६ हजार कर्मचारी आवश्यक भए पनि ती निकायमा मुस्किलले करिव २२ हजार कर्मचारी मात्रै कार्यरत छन् । निर्वाचन मार्फत स्थानीय तहमा जनप्रतिनीधि दोश्रो पटक समेत आइसके पनि स्थानीय तहले प्रभावकारी ढंगले काम गर्न नसक्दा सिंहदरबारको अधिकार गाउँगाउँमा पुगेको जनताले महसुस गर्न पाएका छैनन् । अझै केन्द्रीकृत शासन प्रणाली कायमै रहेको सरकारकै उच्च अधिकारीले स्विकारेका छन् । स्थानीय तहमा सिंहदरबारका सबै अधिकार पुगेको नेताहरूले अभिव्यक्ति दिन थालेको पनि ७ वर्ष बितिसकेको छ ।
Motivators and Hygiene Factors Affecting Academics in Nepalese Higher Education Institutions: Applying Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Authors: Ghimire Binod , Dahal Rewan Kumar , Karki Dipendra , Joshi Surendra Prasad
Published: December 2024

This study examines the influence of Herzberg’s two-factor theory on faculty motivation in Nepal’s higher education institutions (HEIs). It administered a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale to 276 academics in the Kathmandu Valley from April to July 2024. It employed multiple regression analysis to identify the most significant predictors of motivation. The results show that opportunities for professional growth and recognition did not significantly influence faculty motivation. On the other hand, the study identified compensation and increased responsibility as potent positive motivators, highlighting the importance of extrinsic rewards in promoting academic engagement. Nevertheless, it also highlights the potential adverse consequences of misaligning recognition and growth opportunities with faculty expectations, which may result in decreased morale and frustration. In conclusion, the research emphasises the necessity of a balanced approach that considers both extrinsic factors (such as remuneration) and intrinsic elements (such as personal development) to sustain a motivated workforce in Nepal’s higher education institutions.
Analysing the Key Causes of Road Accidents in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Keya Rani , Adhikary Bishnu Kumar , Barman Linnet Riya , Khatun Fatima , Burman Preetilata
Published: December 2024

Bangladesh has experienced a concerning rise in traffic accidents over time, leading to numerous unintentional deaths and injuries. To address road safety effectively, it is crucial to first focus on the factors that contribute to these crashes. The primary purpose of this article is to systematically compile and analyse the contributing factors to road traffic accidents within the geographical boundaries of Bangladesh, with a particular emphasis on finding the key determinants. To carry out this objective, the study applied fishbone diagrams and Pareto charts as analytical tools, thereby facilitating a comprehensive examination of the underlying root causes associated with road accidents in the country. According to research, untrained drivers are the leading cause of road accidents in Bangladesh, as shown by the primary data we have gathered. Furthermore, data shows that six primary factors account for 80 percent of Bangladesh’s traffic accidents. Through the enhanced consideration of these fundamental causes, the frequency of traffic accidents can be feasibly diminished, so preventing further injuries and fatalities. To reduce the frequency of road accidents, policymakers should address the major factors that cause accidents on the road.
Antecedents of Green Purchasing Behaviour and Selection Criteria among Generation Y and Z Consumers
Authors: Aryal Dipesh , Tamang Govinda
Published: December 2024

The research explores how factors influencing green purchasing behaviour and selection attributes shape the green purchasing patterns of Gen Y and Gen Z consumers. Data was collected from 384 respondents aged 19-43 through a self-administered, close-ended questionnaire on Google Forms. A 30-item questionnaire measured seven key variables in the study. Results indicate that environmental concern, government influence, social influence, environmental attitude, and environmental responsibility have significant impacts on green purchasing behaviour within these generational groups and selection attribute moderate the relationship between green purchasing behaviour and its antecedents. Grounded in the theories of planned behaviour, reasoned action, and consumption values, this study enriches the understanding of factors driving sustainable purchasing among younger consumers, especially in developing countries like Nepal. These insights can help businesses and policymakers create targeted strategies to inspire Gen Y and Gen Z consumers toward more sustainable choices.
Ecofeminist Appeal in Shreedhar Lohani's Gaia
Authors: Tharu Raj Kumar
Published: December 2024

This research article examines Shreedhar Lohani's poem "Gaia" through the lens of ecofeminism, a literary theory that blends feminist ideology with ecological concerns, emphasizing the interconnectedness of the oppression of women and nature. Lohani's use of the term "Gaia," derived from Greek mythology, symbolically represents the Earth as a living, self-regulating organism. The poem reflects Gaia's maternal and nurturing qualities, yet highlights the consequences of human interference with her natural balance. Through an ecofeminist perspective, this study delves into how Lohani personifies the Earth as a female figure and how her suffering parallels that of women marginalized by patriarchal systems. The poem suggests that Gaia, despite being deeply wounded by environmental exploitation, still holds out hope that humanity will heed her warnings and take steps toward restoration. This study primarily employs a qualitative and descriptive research methodology, which involves close reading and textual analysis of Lohani's poem. It also relies on secondary sources, including books, journal articles, and online materials that explore both ecofeminist theory and Lohani's body of work. The methodology further includes a comparative approach, examining the symbolic relationship between nature and gender in the context of ecofeminism. This paper underscores the importance of respecting both the environment and women's rights to sustain a harmonious ecological balance, highlighting the relevance of ecofeminist ideas in contemporary ecological and gender discourses.
Socio-Economic Empowerment of Women Through Microfinance: A Case Study of Baijnath Rural Municipality, Banke
Authors: Gautam Subas
Published: December 2024

Highlighting women's socioeconomic empowerment through microfinance is the aim of this research paper. The design of the study is descriptive. Although society does a lot of developmental activities and programs, microfinance programs are particularly effective in rural areas, focusing on disadvantaged women and the underprivileged population. Microfinance is a potent and successful tool for empowering women. By increasing their income through small initiatives, women who were able to access microfinance services have been able to empower themselves both economically and socially and generate prospects for self-employment. The impact of microfinance services on the empowerment of Nepali women residing in the Baijanath Rural Municipality Banke was investigated in this thesis. The economic standing, decision-making ability, knowledge, and self-worth of women, as well as community activities and self-help group programs, are all significantly impacted by microfinance. Decision-making in the family, social and political involvement, how society views them, social awareness, health and sanitation awareness, and improved livelihood were all factors in social empowerment. The ladies of Baijanath Rural Municipality completed a standardized questionnaire that provided the primary data for this study. In addition to being described by tables and figures, data are examined using percentage analysis. Using a straightforward random sample technique, descriptive research design has been utilized to gather respondents' thoughts and learn about their behavior. This study examines how women's decision-making abilities and social participation increase following their participation in MFPs. All variables have a beneficial impact, according to the results. Of women, 58.18 percent own their own land, 53.64 percent work in retail, and 45.45 percent make up to Rs 10,000 a month. Similarly, 48.64 percent of women own a television, and 23.64 percent have access to the internet. With a 62.73 percent success rate, MFP training has a very beneficial effect. After joining MFP, 49.10 percent of women report much better family relationships. 53.64 percent of women make decisions about their children's education, and 74.45 percent make decisions about their medical care. According to the study's findings, microfinance institutions benefit women by enhancing their social well-being, access to and control over their resources, investment and consumption, self-confidence, and capacity for making decisions both within and outside of the family.
‘खरबुजा’ कथामा अन्तर्विधात्मक प्रभाव
Authors: ज्ञवाली प्रदिपप्रसाद
Published: December 2024

'खरबुजा' प्रयोगशील र बौद्धिक कथाकार कुमार नगरकोटीद्वारा लिखित प्रयोगवादी कथा हो । । यो कथा कल्पग्रन्थ कथासङग्रहमा सङ्गृहीत छ । यसका लेखक हुन् । उनी मूलतः हुन् । विधागत रूपमा यो कथा विधाअन्तर्गत पर्छ तर यसमा कथाका विशुद्ध संरचक घटकहरूको पूर्ण उपस्थिति, व्यवस्थित संरचना र कथानकको आरम्भदेखि अन्त्यसम्मको शृङ्खला जस्ता विधागत स्वरूपको पूर्ण परिपालना गरिएको देखिन्न । यस कथामा निबन्ध, कविता र नाटकजस्ता आख्यानेतर विधाका विधातत्वको प्रभाव रहेको पाइन्छ । अन्तर्विधात्मक उपस्थितिले गर्दा यस कथाको कथात्मक परिचयलाई विस्थापन गरेर पृथक स्वरूप निर्माण भएको पाइन्छ । यस कथामा विचार र दृष्टिकोण प्रधान भएर आएको देखिन्छ । यसमा भाव, विचार र वा अनुभूतिलाई आख्यानीकरण गरेर प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । विचार र कथानक दुवैलाई प्रस्तुत गर्न पात्र र परिवेश उपस्थित गराइए तापनि झिनो आख्यान र कथानकको विशृङ्खलताले कथाभन्दा पनि निबन्धात्मक झल्को दिएको पाइन्छ । यसमा निजात्मकता, विश्लेषणात्मक शैलीको प्रयोग, सुसंगठित एवं कसिलो संरचना विचारको प्रबलता आदिका कारणले निबन्धको अन्तर्विधात्मक प्रभाव रहेको कुरा पुष्टि हुन्छ । यसैगरी संरचना, पङ्क्तिविन्यास, मूर्त एवम् अमूर्त कलाको प्रस्तुति, विचारको सघनता, पदक्रम विचलन, बिम्ब संयोजन, अनुप्रास र लयात्मकता जस्ता अभिलक्षणहरूका कारणले यस कथामा कविता विधाको अन्तर्विधात्मक उपस्थिति र प्रभाव छ भन्ने कुरा पुष्टि हुन्छ भने स्वैरकल्पनाको प्रयोग, मञ्चविधान, दृश्यविधान, सम्वाद योजना आदि नाटकीय अभिलक्षणहरू पनि स्पष्ट रूपमा प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । त्यसैले यस कथामा अन्तर्विधात्मक प्रभाव रहेको पुष्टि हुन्छ ।
Forest Resources Potential for Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Khanal Rajesh Keshar
Published: December 2024

Forest resources are the second largest natural resource in Nepal after water and play a crucial role in the country's economic development. It has a high degree of potential to accelerate economic growth by creating employment opportunities for a large number of people and generating government revenue significantly. In addition to this, it contributes significantly to soil fertility, climate regulation, and the preservation of biodiversity. Forests provide essential resources such as fuel, raw materials, and fodder, and offer recreational benefits. Despite their importance, Nepal faces challenges in sustainable forest management due to political instability, corruption, and heavy dependency on forests for livelihoods. This paper has adopted descriptive and analytical research design. Secondary sources of data have been used to carry out this study. Descriptive statistical tools have been used to interpret results. This paper highlights the need for policy reforms, community participation, and anti-corruption measures to ensure sustainable forest management. It concludes that without these measures, the potential of Nepal's forest resources for economic growth cannot be fully realised.
Bhupi’s Selected Poems: A Portrayal of the Nation
Authors: Paudel Bhagabat
Published: December 2024

This article examines the role of literature in the creation, articulation, and rejection of national identities in Nepal, as inspired by Bhupi's poem that highlights the relationship between literature and nation-building. This article explores Bhupi Sherchan's overall viewpoint on the formation of a nation and the notion of a country. It will analyze the manner in which Bhupi Sherchan's poetry influences the nation. It examines his efforts in nation-building through the theoretical lenses of nationalistic philosophers in Nepal, as well as the viewpoints of Renan, Gellner, and Anderson. The topic of country is extensively debated, and the researcher is enthusiastic about conducting research on this subject within the framework of Nepali literature. The researcher's covering area includes the definition of the nation and the author's use of it in their writing. The primary objective of my inquiry is to ascertain the correlation between literature and poets, specifically in connection to their perception of nationhood.
Challenges in Teaching English Speaking and Listening Skills in Rural Nepal
Authors: Kadel Purna Bahadur
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the challenges faced by secondary level English teachers in teaching speaking and listening skills in rural areas of Nepal. The research was carried out in Geruwa Rural Municipality, Bardiya District. A phenomenological research design was used and data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 English teachers. The findings revealed six main challenges: inadequate lesson planning, low teacher language proficiency, limited awareness of the curriculum, lack of resources and infrastructure, limited professional development opportunities and lack of collaborative support. Teachers reported struggling with time management due to administrative tasks which affected their ability to plan effective lessons. Many teachers lacked confidence in their English speaking skills. This impacted their teaching. Moreover, inadequate teaching resources and poor infrastructure hindered effective learning. The study suggests the need for more resources, better curriculum training and professional development programs to support teachers. This research highlights the systemic issues that affect English teaching in rural areas.
तामाङ लोक संस्कृति र सेलो गीतको सूक्ष्म विश्लेषण
Authors: शर्मा बालकृष्ण
Published: December 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख काठमाडौँ वरिपरिका डाँडाकाडा र त्यहाँबाट वसाइसराई गरी नेपालगन्ज तराई प्रदेशमा झरेका केही तामाङ जातिको ऐतिहासिक–सामाजिक र सांरकृतिक विशिष्टता र नेपालको गौरवपूर्ण लोकसंस्कृतिमित्र रहेको ‘तामाङ्सेलो’ जस्तो लोकसंस्कृति झल्काउने लोकगीतको अर्थ, संरचनागत ढाँचा र यसले समाज र राष्ट्रप्रति देखाएको राष्ट्रभाव, प्रकृतिप्रेम र पयविरणको सुरक्षणमा कस्तो भूमिका खेलेको छ भन्ने विषयलाई केन्द्रित गरी शोध विवेचना गरिएको छ । भातवशास्त्री र पुरातत्वशास्त्रीहरुका अध्ययनले समेत तामाङ जातिको लोककला र लोकव्यवहारको स्थल काठमाडौँ उपत्यकाको वरिपरि भएपनि यसको प्रभाव अन्य स्थानमा सम्म पनि देखाइएको छ । तामाङ समाज र संस्कृतिमा देखिएका अनेकौँ लोक संस्कृति र लोकसभ्यताहरु आजको पश्चिमी संस्कृतिको प्रभावका कारण लोपोन्मुख अवस्थामा गइरहेका छन् । जसको संरक्षण र सम्बद्ध गर्नु मूल हेतुका साथ प्रस्तुत आलेख लेखिएको छ । यसमा अध्ययनको स्थलगत विधि प्रयोग गरी तयार पारिएको छ । यस आलेखमा अन्तर्वार्ता र उपत्यकाबाहिर रहेका सम्बन्धित विषयका सरोकार वालासँग गरिएको संवादबाट तयार पारिएको छ ।
Wariant Gombrowicza (repetycje, marginesy, dygresje)
Authors: Łęcki Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The study attempts to present a mosaic of sociological problems on the borderline between sociology and fiction. A specific variant of the ‘game with Gombrowicz’ is involved, with the hermeneutics he proposed and the methodological framework offered by Walter Benjamin. They provide a basis for discussing such diverse issues as, among others, the interpretation of the text, the composition/construction of the study, issues of the represented world of a literary work, the social framework of literary interpretation, the ways of presenting sociology on the pages of the university novel or the particularities of recording (and publishing) conversations with the writer, and, last but not least, the relationship between sociological writing and fiction.
Ewolucja czy rewolucja? Kilka uwag o kolejnych nowelizacjach znamion przestępstwa płatnej protekcji
Authors: Dalecka-Werpachowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

Płatna protekcja jest niezwykle szkodliwym przestępstwem, podważającym zaufanie obywateli do instytucji państwowych. W niniejszym artykule omówione zostały historyczne regulacje, ich ewolucja oraz aktualnie obowiązujące rozwiązania prawne. Przedstawiono wnioski de lege lata i postulaty de lege ferenda, także w kontekście ostatniej nowelizacji art. 230 kk i art. 230a kk, która weszła w życie 1 października 2023 r.
Sąd przysięgłych według Kodeksu postępowania karnego z 1928 r. – analiza historyczno-prawna
Authors: Łukowiak Bartosz
Published: December 2024

Artykuł przedstawia model funkcjonowania sądów przysięgłych działających na podstawie kodeksu postępowania karnego z 1928 r., będących jak dotąd najpełniejszą i bez wątpienia najbardziej interesującą formy realizacji przez prawodawcę zasady udziału czynnika społecznego w sprawowaniu wymiaru sprawiedliwości w sprawach karnych.  W tekście omówiono kolejno właściwość i skład sądu przysięgłych, procedurę wyboru przysięgłych, przewód sądowy w postępowaniu przed sądem przysięgłych, naradę, głosowanie i wyrokowanie w oparciu o uchwałę przysięgłych oraz zaskarżalność wyroku sądu przysięgłych.
Roditeljske atribucije uzroka djetetovog razvojnog jezičnog poremećaja i njihov odnos s mentalnim zdravljem roditelja
Authors: Kramarić Matea
Published: December 2024

Prethodna istraživanja pokazala su da su uzročne atribucije, odnosno zaključci koje ljudi donose o uzrocima nekog ishoda (Hewstone i Fincham, 2001), povezane s prilagodbom roditelja na djetetovu bolest ili razvojne poremećaje, no rezultati nisu jednoznačni. Provedeno istraživanje imalo je dva cilja: 1) opisati kojim uzrocima roditelji objašnjavaju razvojni jezični poremećaj (RJP) kod svoga djeteta i kako te uzroke procjenjuju na dimenzijama mjesta uzročnosti, podložnosti osobnoj kontroli i stabilnosti te 2) ispitati odnos atribucija uzroka djetetovog RJP-a i mentalnog zdravlja roditelja te provjeriti razlikuju li se odnosi ovisno o vremenu koje je prošlo od dijagnoze. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 319 bioloških roditelja (94.2 % majki, prosječne dobi M = 39.71 godina, SD = 5.09) čijoj je djeci dijagnosticiran RJP kao primarna dijagnoza. Sudionici su ispunili online anketni upitnik koji se sastojao od demografskih pitanja, Revidirane skale uzročnih dimenzija (CDS-II; McAuley i sur., 1992) i Skale depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS-21; Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995). Rezultati su pokazali da roditelji djetetov RJP u najvećoj mjeri pripisuju genetskim čimbenicima te različitim prenatalnim i perinatalnim rizičnim čimbenicima. Za sve kategorije uzroka mjesto uzročnosti u prosjeku su procjenjivali vanjskim. Izloženost ekranima te neadekvatan jezični unos i reakcije roditelja procijenjeni su kao uzroci koji su najpodložniji osobnoj kontroli, a najstabilnijima su procijenjeni genetski čimbenici. Provedbom linearnog strukturalnog modeliranja dobiveni su značajni učinci percipiranog mjesta uzročnosti i podložnosti uzroka osobnoj kontroli na negativna emocionalna stanja roditelja, ali samo na nižim razinama vremena proteklog od djetetove dijagnoze, pri čemu je za mjesto uzročnosti dobiven negativan učinak, a za osobnu kontrolu pozitivan. Za percipiranu stabilnost uzroka djetetova poremećaja dobiven je pozitivan učinak koji je bio značajan i na višim razinama vremena proteklog od postavljanja djetetove dijagnoze. Raspravljene su teorijske i praktične implikacije dobivenih rezultata.
Digitalni vigilantizam
Authors: Doležal Dalibor
Published: December 2024

Kriminalitet se u povijesti javljao u različitim oblicima i opsezima, a jedan od posebnijih oblika je tzv., vigilantizam. U tradicionalnom smislu vigilantizam označava prisvajanje odluke pojedinaca i/ili grupa o izvršavanju pravde u situacijama kada se percipira kako formalne institucije zadužene za te aktivnosti nisu reagirale kako treba ili nisu reagirale uopće (Brown, 1975). S pojavom novih tehnologija, posebice interneta, vigilantizam je poprimio i svoj digitalni oblik – digitalni vigilantizam. Iako se osnovna osobina ovih pojava, izvršavanje pravde kada ona nije percipirano zadovoljena, uzroci, motivi, metodologije i pojavni oblici digitalnog vigilantizma se zbog mogućnosti digitalnih tehnologija sve više razlikuju od vigilantizma. Stoga je svrha ovog rada dati pregled dosadašnjih saznanja o osobitostima digitalnog vigilantizma te problematici koja se veže uz ovu pojavu.
School climate and internalised problems in adolescents with learning disabilities
Authors: Jerković Marija , Žic Ralić Anamarija
Published: December 2024

Adolescents with learning disabilities (LD) tend to experience more internalised problems than their typically developing (TD) peers. There is a lack of research that provides insight into the perception of the school climate and its connection with internalised problems in adolescents with LD. The aims of this research study were to analyse the existence of internalised problems, the perception of the school climate, and the connection between the school climate and internalised problems in adolescents with LD and their TD peers. A total of 208 adolescents, aged 12 to15 years, participated in the research, of which 104 of them had LD. Internalised problems in adolescents were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), while the effect of school climate was evaluated with the Croatian School Climate Survey for Students (HUŠK-U). The research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that 20.2% of adolescents with LD and 13.5% of TD adolescents reported experiencing severe to extremely severe symptoms of depression, while 37.5% of adolescents with LD and 31.8% of TD adolescents reported experiencing severe to extremely severe symptoms of anxiety. Symptoms related to similar levels of stress were present in 19.1% of adolescents with LD and 6.7% of TD adolescents. There were no significant differences between adolescents with LD and TD peers in symptoms of depression and anxiety, while adolescents with LD showed significantly more symptoms of stress. Both groups of respondents perceived a moderately positive school climate, but adolescents with LD reported significantly lower levels of interest among teachers in their academic success, significantly lower safety at school, and significantly less pride shown by their parents. Finally, this study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between school climate and internalised problems in both groups of students. The results indicate the need to implement mental health programmes in schools and to inform teachers, parents, and peers about the challenges faced by adolescents with LD.
Gender differences in repetitive behaviours in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Behin Matea , Stošić Jasmina , Šimleša Sanja
Published: December 2024

Repetitive behaviours are one of the main criteria contributing to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), along with deficits in social communication and interaction. They refer to predictable actions that the child displays repeatedly and/or performs similarly or identically. These actions include a wide range of behaviours such as motor stereotypies, preoccupation with parts of objects, insistence on sameness, limited interests, ritualised behaviours, and sensory hypo- and hyper-reactivity. The prevalence of ASD is steadily increasing, and it is a disorder that has been diagnosed more frequently in boys than girls since its inception. Numerous studies have reported contradictory findings regarding gender differences in the quantity and quality of repetitive behaviours. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there are gender differences in repetitive behaviours in children with ASD between the ages of 6 and 9 years, as well as to describe these differences. The participants included 50 parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (30 boys and 20 girls), who were between 6 and 9 years old and had (above) average intellectual abilities. All participants completed the Revised Scale of Repetitive Behaviours and the data obtained were statistically analysed using non-parametric methods. The results indicate that girls exhibit more self-injurious behaviours and less restricted behaviours than boys. No statistically significant gender differences were found for the other subscales of the questionnaire, suggesting that other behaviours occur equally in boys and girls. Overall, repetitive behaviours can be considered as an equally moderate problem for both parents of boys and girls.
Primjena mindfulnessa u području edukacijske rehabilitacije
Authors: Martinec Renata , Domić Dora , Miholić Damir
Published: December 2024

Mindfulness (usredotočena svjesnost) se odnosi na proces usmjeravanja pažnje, odnosno svjesnost o onome što se događa u našem umu, tijelu i vanjskoj okolini u sadašnjem trenutku, sa stavom prihvaćanja, neprosuđivanja, prijateljstva i otvorenosti. Različita istraživanja iz područja medicine, psihologije, neuroznanosti i drugih srodnih disciplina ukazuju na to da provođenje mindfulness programa i tehnika može imati brojne dobrobiti kod različite populacije korisnika u području poticanja psihofizičke homeostaze, emocionalne samoregulacije i uspješnijih socijalnih odnosa. Na temelju ovih spoznaja definiran je cilj ovoga rada koji se odnosio na pregled i analizu rezultata dosadašnjih istraživanja u svrhu razmatranja načina i učinkovitosti primjene mindfulnessa u području edukacijske rehabilitacije, u sljedećim skupinama korisnika: 1) djeca s teškoćama u razvoju / osobe s invaliditetom, 2) roditelji, 3) stručnjaci uključeni u edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski proces. Rezultati recentnih istraživanja, obuhvaćenih pregledom literature u ovom radu, upućuju na pozitivne utjecaje mindfulnessa, na tjelesne, psihoemocionalne i socijalne dimenzije temeljene na promjenama u neurološkom i endokrinološkome statusu te aktivnostima autonomnog živčanog sustava. Promjene se također očituju u doživljaju sebe, kvaliteti međuljudskih odnosa, razini percipiranog stresa te usvojenim tehnikama i strategijama suočavanja s nepovoljnim životnim situacijama. Također, uočena je potreba provođenja daljnjih znanstvenih i primijenjenih istraživanja koja bi doprinijela brojnijoj i učinkovitijoj primjeni mindfulnessa u području edukacijske rehabilitacije.
The relationship between corruption and labour mobility
Authors: Yaroshenko Oleg Mykolaiovych , Kostohryz Yaroslav Olehovych , Tykhonovych Oleksii Yuriiovych , Protsiuk Ihor Valeriiovych , Tarasov Oleh Volodymyrovych
Published: December 2024

In today's world of global challenges and threats, the relationship between corruption and labour mobility plays a crucial role in shaping economic development, social stability, and political dynamics within countries. Understanding this relationship offers opportunities to develop effective strategies for combating corruption and facilitating labour mobility, which, in turn, contributes to more competitive and stable societies. Such an approach helps avoid the negative consequences of poor management of these phenomena and promotes sustainable economic and social development.
The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between corruption and labour mobility in Ukraine and to propose solutions for addressing the existing challenges in this area. The application of methods such as generalization, modelling, functional analysis, and system-analytical approaches has proven highly effective in examining corruption within the context of labour law and labour mobility in Ukraine. These methods have enabled us to define the essence of the phenomenon, assess its impact, and develop specific recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of anti-corruption mechanisms in these domains.
Djeca roditelja s poremećajem uzrokovanim uporabom alkohola
Authors: Strmečki Vedrana , Ferić Martina
Published: December 2024

Ciljevi ovog rada su sistematično prikazati (1) prevalenciju djece koja odrastaju u obiteljima u kojima je roditelj razvio poremećaj uzrokovan uporabom alkohola, (2) moguće razvojne ishode te djece te (3) čimbenike koji djecu koja odrastaju u takvom okruženju mogu zaštititi od negativnih razvojnih ishoda. Istraživanja pokazuju kako je prevalencija djece koja odrastaju s roditeljem s poremećajem uzrokovanim uporabom alkohola, visoka. Posljedice su vidljive u gotovo svim sferama života djeteta: od problema s mentalnim zdravljem i akademskim neuspjehom do upuštanja u različita rizična ponašanja te razvoja problema u ponašanju. Također je u radu prikazan pregled istraživanja koja su se bavila identifikacijom čimbenika koji mogu smanjiti razvoj negativnih ishoda kod djece, a rezultati pokazuju da ti čimbenici postoje na individualnoj razini, kao i u različitim okruženjima u kojima dijete odrasta (obitelj, škola, šire okruženje). U radu se razmatraju i izazovi u istraživanjima ovog fenomena kao i mogućnosti prevencije.
SEED TREATMENT BETWEEN STORAGE PERIOD FOR INCREASING THE STORABILITY OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.) SEED
Authors:   Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Sari Maryati
Published: December 2024

Chilli seed is rather expensive, so it should be saved in controlled storage. In marketing, seeds may be exposed in the ambient room that is optimum for fungi activities. Between storage periods seed treatment is expected can increase chilli seed vigor and seed storability in ambient storage. This research aimed to obtain the proper between-storage period seed treatment that can increase chili seed vigor and seed storability. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Quality Testing and Storage, and Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB, from February to August 2023. Bogor. The study used a completely randomized split-plot design. Seed lots were the main plot, consisting of two levels, namely (1) lot 2017 and (2) lot 2021. The between-storage period seed treatment was as subplots consisting of five levels, namely (1) control, (2) rinsing, (3) sun-drying, (4) oven, and (5) fungicide. The results showed that chili seeds without between storage periods seed treatments were still able to maintain viability until the end of storage (germination rate of 80% in a 0-month storage period to 73.3% in a 6-month storage after treatments). Washing, sun-drying, and oven treatments have the potential to maintain chili seed vigor better than controls based on the radicle emergence (RE).
Pineapple and green mustard are fruits and vegetables that have the potential to be processed into jam sheets. Sweetener is one of the components used in jam making. This study aims to obtain the best sweetener formulation on the physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic properties of pineapple-cabbage jam. The research was conducted using the Randomized Group Design (RAK) method with 1 (one) research factor, namely the concentration of sucrose, honey, and stevia sweeteners. The variables observed were water content, total acid, color, reducing sugar and organoleptic test. The resulting data were analyzed by ANOVA test and if the data had a significant effect, the BNJ further test was carried out at the 5% level. The best treatment in the research of pineapple-cabbage sheet jam was found in the sweetener treatment 120 g sucrose, 45 g honey, and 0,015 g stevia. Pineapple mustard sheet jam with various formulations of sucrose, honey, and stevia sweeteners influenced the moisture content, total acid, reducing sugar, color, and sensory properties in the form of color, texture, and sweetness.
Authors: Rezqia Sahid Emif
Published: December 2024

Semprong is one of Indonesia's signature cookies with a crunchy texture and roll-like shape. The main raw material commonly used in kue semprong is white rice flour. Brown rice is an alternative to rice flour for making kue semprong because its utilization in the food industry sector is still very limited. Rice, which is included in the cereal group, is low in the amino acid lysine, so it would be better if it is paired with other raw materials, such as beans such as green beans. The objective of this study was to obtain the right ratio of brown rice flour and mung bean flour to produce the best abacus cake formulation based on physicochemical and sensory characteristics. Based on the results of the research, the best abacus formulation with the highest score is P3, which is a ratio of 60% brown rice flour and 40% mung bean flour with a moisture content of 3.30%, protein content of 16.80%, ash content of 1.56%, color L* 23.26, color a* 6.62, color b* 7.54, has a yellow color, distinctive aroma of brown rice, crunchy texture, and savory taste.