bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: focus on nutritional risk factors and nutritional approaches
Authors: Ovsepian M. A. , Barkalova E. V. , Andreev D. N. , Maev I. V.
Published: May 2023

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common upper gastrointestinal disease characterized by occurrence of typical symptoms associated with an increase in esophageal acid exposure. The transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) and hypotension is the key pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of reflux disease. For a long time, it was assumed that certain nutritional and lifestyle factors affect the mechanisms of the onset and progress of GERD. However, the accumulated scientific findings show contradicting results regarding contribution of these factors to the development of reflux disease. The treatment of GERD requires lifestyle modifications, diet therapy, pharmacotherapy, and, if necessary, surgery. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) form the basis of pharmacotherapy. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary therapy, is also part of the treatment plan for patients with reflux symptoms, however no clear guidelines in this regard are determined due to the lack of good evidence base. Yet, while the problems associated with the long-term use of PPIs are explored, patients and physicians are increasingly interested in the role of diet in the treatment of GERD. The article provides an overview of the dietary aspects in GERD with a focus on nutritional components and their impact on the pathophysiology and treatment of this disease. Although sequential food-group elimination in GERD is common in clinical practice, literature data demonstrate a broader approach, including reduction of sugar intake, increase of dietary fibres in the diet, and changes in patterns of eating habits as a general principle.
The role of clarithromycin in modern Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy regimens
Authors: Serebrova S. Yu. , Kareva E. N. , Kurguzova D. O. , Demchenkova E. Yu. , Eremenko N. N. , Mazerkina I. A. , Krasnуkh L. M. , Vasilenko G. F. , Prokofiev A. B.
Published: May 2023

Helicobacter pylori infection can serve as one of indications to clarithromycin prescription. H. pylori eradication is performed commonly as a treatment for diseases caused by this pathogen and conditions with an increased risk of complications (precancerous changes of the gastric mucosa, unspecified iron deficiency anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, long-term NSAIDs use, anti-platelet drugs use etc). A number of H. pylori functional characteristics determines specific requirements for eradication schemes: high sensitivity of the pathogen, the ability of antibacterial drugs to penetrate and accumulate in gastric tissue and mucous,a stimulation of microorganism’s reproduction and protection of acid-resistant drugs by reducing gastric acid production as well. If the latter is provided by the use of proton pump inhibitors, then clarithromycin fully provides the other issues above. In Russia, standard triple therapy is used as the first-line treatment of H. pylori infection due to current clarithromycin resistance less than 15%. The article gives detailed reasoning and factual evidence of commitment to the first-line therapy under the increasing prevalence of the most recent antibiotic resistance (local resistance to levofloxacin has reached 20%), the high potential for multi-drug resistant H. pylori strains appearing, low ensuring medical facilities with relevant resistance test-systems, a role of generic drugs (clarithromycin and proton pump inhibitors) with compromised pharmaceutical characteristics in creation and erroneous interpretation of a pseudoresistance to clarithromycin.
Risk stratification in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver: a case study
Authors: Polunina T. E.
Published: May 2023

Liver cirrhosis (LC) is an advanced stage of liver disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue and the liver is irreversibly damaged. The clinical course of LC is mostly determined by the progressive increase of portal hypertension, hyperdynamic circulation, bacterial translocation, and activation of systemic inflammation. Different degrees of disease severity in patients, including compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, are related to the progression of these mechanisms and may be recognized by hemodynamic or clinical characteristics. A multi-state approach has been considered to describe the clinical course of the disease. An acute exacerbation of a chronic liver failure may occur either in decompensated or in compensated cirrhosis and is always associated with a high short-term mortality. The increasing severity of disease states prompted the assessment of the LC states using different diagnostic and prognostic scales accounting for competing risks for prognosis and LC treatment efficacy. When choosing the disease management in patients with LC, it is required to assess the severity of their condition, taking into account the results of various liver function tests. The Child-Turcotte-Pugh score is most often used for this purpose. The diagnosis of LC includes evaluation of patients for alcohol disorder and signs of advanced liver disease. The degree of liver fibrosis is determined using ultrasound imaging, transient elastography, MRI, measurements of serum biomarkers, and liver biopsy histology. Alcohol abstinence achieved through psychosomatic intervention is the best non-drug treatment for all stages of the disease. The concept of pharmacotherapy of alcoholic LC and their complications is based on the influence on the pathogenetic components of this pathology. If the disease progresses to decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation may be required. The clinical case discusses the management of a patient with LC of alcoholic origin using modern methods of differential diagnosis and treatment of this pathology
The effectiveness of specialized medical dietary food product in the complex therapy of patients with pancreatitis in the acute stage
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Pilate T. L. , Maslovskii L. V. , Frolova A. A. , Bulanova M. I. , Skibina Ju. S. , Inevatova V. S. , Zverkov I. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Dietary nutrition is a physiological therapeutic and prophylactic approach for chronic pancreatitis during an exacerbation. Given the acute reaction of patients to various foods, specialized dietary products designed specifically for this pathology are of great importance. Aim. Evaluation of the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of the use of specialized therapeutic nutrition – jelly “Pancreatic” in chronic pancreatitis in the acute stage. Materials and methods. 20 patients of the main group with pancreatitis, along with standard therapy, received a dietary food product twice a day. The dynamics of pain, dyspeptic syndromes and intestinal dysfunction syndrome was studied; dynamics of the ultrasound picture of the pancreas; intestinal motility according to carbolene test; safety and tolerability of therapy by registering side effects and assessing the quality of life according to the SF-36 questionnaire, assessing well-being according to the  visual analogue scale, and the  organoleptic properties of  the medicinal product. The comparison group consisted of 20 patients who received only standard pharmacotherapy. Results. The use of a dietary therapeutic food product is accompanied by a significant decrease in the frequency of nausea, belching, heaviness and flatulence in patients of the main group. The terms of relief or reduction in the intensity of symptoms of bitterness, nausea, heaviness in the abdomen, feelings of rapid satiety, flatulence were significantly lower in the main group (5–8 days compared to the control group (10–14 days). A significant normalization of GGT and CRP levels was established in the main group, while in the comparison group there was only a decrease in CRP. The ongoing complex therapy was accompanied by an improvement in the ultrasound picture of the pancreas, potentiation of the effects of pharmacotherapy and a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients. Conclusions. The conducted studies have shown high efficiency, good tolerability and safety of the therapeutic product “Pancreatic jelly” in the treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Kissel “Pancreas” is recommended by the authors for active use in patients with pancreatitis as a therapeutic diet.
Predictors of urgent complications of peptic ulcer
Authors: Shtygasheva O. V. , Ageeva E. S.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a decrease in the prevalence of peptic ulcer (PU), but this trend does not correlate with the frequency of bleeding and mortality from PU: the disease remains the main cause of bleeding with a high mortality rate.Aim. To study the predictors of urgent complications of PU, using endoscopic, laboratory and clinical signs of gastric bleeding.Materials and methods. Observational cross-sectional (one-stage) study of 181 hospital patients diagnosed with ulcerative disease (84 men, 97 women), mean age 53 ± 27.6 (18–89) years. The stratification of endoscopic characteristics of ulcerative defects of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum (DU) was carried out according to the Clinical guidelines “Diagnosis and treatment of PU in adults (2020)”, bleeding assessment – according to the Forrest classification (1974), selection of patients’ age by periods: 18–35 years (young age); 36–59 years (average age); 60–74 years old (old age); 75–89 years old (old age).Results. The results of studies have shown that the potential for ulcer bleeding is increased in the presence of the following factors. An increase in the patient’s age (the proportion of middle age is 44.2%, the elderly – 35.4%) and male gender. Duration of ulcer history (46.9%), H. pylori-positivity (74.6%); comorbidities requiring anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (70.1%), the presence of two or more risk factors (20.4%).Conclusion. Not only predictors of urgent complications of PU have been established, but also a dissonance indicating a high frequency of occult bleeding in the disease. The frequency of laboratory symptoms of anemia – 55.8%; endoscopic signs – 19.3%, including stigmata of a high risk of rebleeding – 14.3%; clinical symptoms of gastric blood loss – 14.4%. The risk of complications and mortality is associated with both frequent latent course and escalation of NSAID consumption.
New achievements of pharmacology for practical medicine in prevention and therapy of acid-dependent diseases
Authors: Tikhonov S. V. , Kareva E. N. , Serebrova S. Yu. , Vasilenko G. F. , Vasilyeva M. K. , Makhortova S. A. , Pavlova N. V.
Published: May 2023

The prevalence of GERD in most European countries and the Russian Federation is at the level of 15–20%. Hydrochloric acid plays a significant and sometimes major role in damage to the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in patients with various acid-related diseases. Despite the presence of various classes of drugs that reduce the damaging effect of hydro-chloric acid on the mucous membrane of the upper gastrointestinal tract, acid-related diseases continues to be an urgent medical problem. The review article discusses the issues of pharmacological treatment of acid-related diseases. Such classes of drugs as antacids, H2-histamine blockers, gastroprotectors, potassium-competitive blockers of hydrochloric acid secretion are described in detail. Particular attention is paid to the group of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The paper evaluates the merits of each class of drugs, their significance in the treatment of acid-related diseases. One of the most popular PPIs in the Russian Federation is omeprazole. The effectiveness of the drug is determined by pharmacokinetic parameters, in particular bioavailability. The bioavailability of omeprazole of various trade names varies widely. To increase the rate and completeness of dissolution, and hence the bioavailability of poorly soluble molecules in the modern pharmaceutical industry, various disintegrants are used as excipients. The addition of sodium superdisintegrant carboxymethyl starch to the new Omez® dosage form with MiniCaps technology promotes an accelerated and more complete intake of omeprazole into the systemic circulation, helping to increase bioavailability. In addition, the innovative dosage form has a volume that is 30% smaller than the classic capsule, which improves ease of use and adherence to treatment.
Current trends in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy
Authors: Andreev D. N. , Bordin D. S. , Nikolskaya K. А. , Dzhafarova A. R. , Cherenkova V. V.
Published: May 2023

According to the Maastricht VI consensus, the triple therapy (PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin) and bismuth-based quadruple therapy (PPI + bismuth + tetracycline + metronidazole) are considered and may be proscribed empirically as first-line regimens in the regions with low clarithromycin resistance rates (<15%). In the regions with high clarithromycin resistance rates (> 15%), as well as in the regions with unknown resistance to this antibacterial agent, it is recommended to use classical quadruple therapy with bismuth drugs as the main choice and quadruple therapy without bismuth drugs (“simultaneous” or “concomitant”) as an alternative. The second-line regimens of empiric choice (when antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not available) include fluoroquinolone-based quadruple therapy (PPI + levofloxacin + amoxicillin + bismuth) or fluoroquinolone-based triple therapy (PPI + levofloxacin + amoxicillin) and bismuth-based quadruple therapy. The Maastricht VI consensus regulates the use of rifabutin-based triple therapy (PPI + amoxicillin + rifabutin) as a “rescue” therapy, if the above ET schemes are ineffective and there is no possibility to conduct an antimicrobial susceptibility test. In its latest clinical guidelines, the Russian Gastroenterological Association (RGA) recommends with a view to achieving maximum treatment efficiency during classic triple ET and levelling the risk of further progression of clarithromycin resistance in Russia to take additional measures to increase its effectiveness (detailed instruction of a patient and control over strict adherence to the prescribed regimen, prolonging the course up to 14 days; prescribing PPI at increased dose twice a day; the latest generation PPIs (rabeprazole and esomeprazole); adding bismuth tripotassium dicitrate (240 mg 2 times a day) to the standard triple therapy; adding cytoprotector rebamipide (100 mg 3 times a day) to the standard triple therapy; adding a probiotic with proven efficacy to the standard triple therapy within controlled studies).
Hyperferritinemia, chronic hepatitis C and COVID-19: what do they have in common?
Authors: Gonik M. I. , Bueverova E. L. , Bueverov A. O.
Published: May 2023

Ferritin is one of the key proteins, which has involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis in the body. Ferritin reduced values are often associated with changes in the total iron supply in the body. In addition, ferritin is involved in immune processes and can have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Ferritin changes in laboratory values is a rather nonspecific sign that occurs with immunoinflammatory and infectious diseases, as well as the development of iron overload. It can, among other things, accompany the  course of  new coronavirus infection  (COVID-19) and chronic viral hepatitis C  (CHC) in  patients. Hyperferritinemia in these two diseases may be a marker of a more severe course and adverse patient outcome, making the study of ferritin levels an extremely important task for the practitioner. Therefore, the purpose of this review of the scientific literature was to investigate the possible relationship between Hyperferritinemia, COVID-19 and CHC. It has been reported that hyperferritinemia is quite often associated with a more severe form of both COVID-19 and CHC. Several studies have suggested that the risk of mortality may be increased if they are combined. In this regard, an important conclusion was made about measuring baseline ferritin levels with subsequent dynamic monitoring in this group of patients.
Nutritional correction after extensive combined bowel resections: new approaches to rehabilitation
Authors: Kostyuchenko L. N. , Lychkova A. E. , Kostyuchenko M. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Metabolic correction of the consequences of extensive (especially combined) intestinal resections requires enormous efforts due to weight loss, a decrease in plasma albumin concentration of less than 30 g/l, electrolyte disorders, organ failure, etc. There are consequences in the form of short small intestine syndrome, postcolectomy syndrome and the combined consequences of resections of the small and large intestine. The most severe changes are after combined thin-thick-intestinal resections, the  prevalence of  which continues to increase. Nevertheless, the  data on the  occurrence of  combined resections (thin-colon) are very contradictory. Aim. To analyze the effectiveness of nutritional correction programs in SBS syndrome due to extensive combined small-colonic resections and to characterize possible ways of correcting metabolic complications with the help of nutritional correction, taking into account the optimization of absorption in the intestine. Materials and methods. We examined 208 patients with combined extensive resection of the small intestine with right-sided hemicolectomy (65% of men and 35% of women). Metabolic changes, nutritional characteristics and reparation under the influence of nutritional correction in this category of patients are described. Results. Data on the restoration of lost functions are presented, which is based on the analysis of the mechanisms of adaptation and cellular regeneration. Regenerative aspects of hormonal (enteroglucagon) regulation of intestinal functions after its extensive resection and artificial alimentation are closely related. Conclusion. It is advisable to introduce teduglutide into the treatment structure to stimulate rehabilitation absorption processes after extensive combined intestinal resections.
Hydrophobic modification of a PVDF hollow fiber membrane by plasma activation and silane grafting for membrane distillation
Authors: Jin Qiaoru , Zhang Xue , Li Fuzhi , Zhao Xuan
Published: May 2023

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fibers were hydrophobically modified using a simple and scalable method of plasma activation and silane grafting. The effects of plasma gas, applied voltage, activation time, silane type, and concentration were investigated according to the membrane hydrophobicity and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) performance. Two kinds of silane were used, including methyl trichloroalkyl silane (MTCS) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane trichlorosilane silanes (PTCS). The membranes were characterized by techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle. The contact angle of the pristine membrane was 88°, which increased to 112°–116° after modification. Meanwhile, the pore size and porosity decreased. In DCMD, the maximum rejection reached 99.95% by the MTCS-grafted membrane, while the flux decreased by 35% and 65% for the MTCS- and PTCS-grafted membranes, respectively. Treating humic acid-contained solution, the modified membrane showed steadier water flux and higher salt rejection than the pristine membrane, and 100% flux recovery was achieved by simple water flushing. This two-step method of plasma activation and silane grafting is very simple and effective to improve the hydrophobicity and DCMD performance of PVDF hollow fibers. However, further study on improving the water flux should be carried out.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Sabahattin Ali’nin ‘Hasan Boğuldu’ Hikâyesinin A2 Seviyesine Uyarlanması
Authors: Başkapan Ayşe , Aytan Talat
Published: May 2023

Dil seviyesinin başlangıç ve orta düzey olduğu gruplarda metinleri özgün hâlleriyle kullanmak öğrencinin kendine güvenini olumsuz etkileyip öğrencinin o dile karşı öğrenme hevesini kırabilir. Bu bağlamda metinleri olduğu gibi kullanmak yerine öğrencilerin dil seviyelerine göre düzenlemek yararlı olabilir. Uyarlanmış metinleri okuyan öğrenciler o dilin estetik zevkine varabilir. Dildeki estetiği keşfeden öğrenci, o dili daha çok sever dolayısıyla öğrenme şevki artar. Dilin bu fonksiyonlarının ikinci dil öğrenicilerine de aktarılabilmesi için edebî eserlerin sadeleştirilmesi ve öğrenci seviyelerine uyarlanması ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Bu anlamda özgün metne en yakın sadeleştirmeyi yapmak ve metnin vermek istediği mesajı korumak hem öğrencinin metni daha iyi kavramasını sağlayacak hem de dildeki estetik zevkini geliştirecektir. Araştırmanın konusu, Sabahattin Ali’nin ‘Hasan Boğuldu’ adlı hikâyesinin, Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen A2 düzeyindeki öğrencilere yönelik olarak Avrupa Ortak Bildiri Metni çerçevesinde metindilbilimsel ölçütlerden bağdaşıklık ve bağlaşıklık çerçevesindeki sadeleştirilmesidir. Bu çalışmanın edebî eser sadeleştirmesine ve Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretimi’ndeki metin ihtiyacına katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir. Çalışma, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenicileri için okuma- anlama becerisinin gelişimini desteklemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın uygulaması, İstanbul’daki bir dil merkezinde A2 seviyesindeki iki sınıfta uygulanmıştır. Bir sınıfta sadeleştirilmiş metin, diğer sınıfta orijinal metin okutulup iki sınıf arasındaki farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin önce uygulamanın demografik sorulardan oluşan ilk bölümünü doldurması istenmiştir. Bu sorularla öğrenci profilini belirlemek ve profillerle metin anlama çalışmaları arasında bir ilişkinin olup olmadığı saptanmak istenmiştir. Metin okutulmadan önce metin hakkında kısa bir bilgilendirme yapıldıktan sonra metne ait görsellerle kelimelerin eşleştirilmesinden oluşan hazırlık sorularının cevaplandırılması istenmiştir. Son bölümde metin okutulup metin sorularının cevaplandırılması istenerek uygulama bitirilmiştir. Uygulama, yapılan sadeleştirmenin başarılı olup olmadığını öğrencilerin okuma anlama becerisine etkisini ölçmektedir. Elde edilen veriler, istatistik programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre uyarlanmış metnin okutulduğu deney grubunun başarı puanının orijinal metnin okutulduğu kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Karanlık Liderlik Ölçeği Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Özten İlke , Çiçek Sağlam Aycan
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul müdürlerinin karanlık liderlik davranışlarına yönelik öğretmen algılarının belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu İzmir ili 11 merkez ilçedeki kamu liselerinde görev yapan öğretmenlerden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğinin belirlenmesi için açımlayıcı (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı (DFA) faktör analizi yapılmıştır. AFA sonucunda, “İtibar Kırıcı Davranışlar”, “Narsist Davranışlar” ile “Çıkarcı ve Kayırmacı Davranışlar” olmak üzere 21 maddeli ve üç faktörlü bir yapı ortaya çıkmıştır. Üç faktörün açıkladığı varyans oranı %76.61’dir. Bu yapı DFA ile doğrulanmıştır. DFA sonucunda χ2/sd oranı 2.99 bulunmuştur. DFA ile hesaplanan diğer uyum iyiliği değerleri şu şekildedir: RMSEA = .09, RMR = .06, SRMR = .06, CFI = .95, GFI = .84, IFI = 95, NFI = .93, NNFI = .95. Ölçeğin faktörleri açısından, Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları .82 ve .92 aralığındadır. Sonuç olarak, okul müdürlerinin karanlık liderlik davranışlarına yönelik öğretmen algılarının belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir veri toplama aracı geliştirilmiştir.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Current Guidelines and Recent Advances
Beyond Drug Treatment
Authors: Butter Christian , Seifert Martin , Georgi Christian , Iliodromitis Konstantinos , Bogossian Harilaos
Published: May 2023

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is the therapy of choice for patients with symptomatic systolic
heart failure (HF) and left bundle branch block (LBBB), despite optimal medical therapy (OMT). The recently
published 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac
resynchronization therapy highlight the importance of CRT on top of OMT in HF patients with left ventricular
ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35%, sinus rhythm and typical LBBB with QRS duration ≥ 150 ms. In the presence
of medically intractable or recurrent after catheter ablation atrial fibrillation (AF), AV nodal ablation as an adjuvant
therapy becomes more relevant in patients qualifying for the implantation of a biventricular system. Furthermore,
CRT may be considered in cases when increased pacing of the right ventricle is not desirable. However,
alternative pacing sites and strategies are currently available, if the CRT is not feasible and effective in patients.
However, strategies targeting “multi-sides” or using “multi-leads” have shown superiority over classic
CRT. On the other hand, conduction system pacing seems to be a promising technique. Although early results
are positive, consistency during the long term is pending. The indication for additional defibrillation therapy
(ICD) may occasionally be unnecessary and has to be considered individually. Due to the great development
and success of heart failure drug therapy, its positive effect on LV function can lead to enormous improvement.
Physicians must await these effects and findings, which hopefully could lead to a relevant LV improvement resulting
in a definitive decision against an ICD.
Antiviral Application of Carbohydrate Polymers: A Review
Authors: Kar Biswakanth , Pradhan Deepak , Halder Jitu , Rai Vineet Kumar , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam
Published: May 2023

Viral disease is a well-known cause of a significant impact on economic losses and threatens developed
and developing societies. High mutation rates and the lack of ability of conventional formulations to target
specific cells pose substantial hurdles to the successful treatment of viral diseases. We conducted a preliminary
search by a standard procedure. With hand searching, we conducted an advanced search across several electronic
databases. After defining the selection criteria, two writers independently reviewed and evaluated the first
500 abstracts before screening the remaining 300. Since there was 97% agreement on the screening decisions,
only one reviewer conducted the screening. The pre-planned data extraction process was accomplished, and the
thoroughness of the description of participation techniques was assessed. Additional data extraction was carried
out for articles with the most detailed illustrations. Four stakeholder representatives co-authored this systematic
review. Incorporating selective carbohydrate polymers into the antiviral pharmaceutical compositions could
help to manage biological complications associated with viral infections. We included 172 papers in which authors
were involved in a systematic review. The present review explains the role of carbohydrate polymers (chitosan,
carrageenan, alginate, cyclodextrin, dextran, and heparin) in the prevention and treatment of viral infections
in terms of their source, molecular weight, surface charge, chemical composition, and structure. Additionally,
the review describes the primary mechanism of drug delivery performance of carbohydrate polymers to
improve the antiviral properties and pharmacokinetic behaviour of lamivudine, zidovudine, acyclovir, etc. The
article discussed the role of carbohydrate polymers in mitigating virus-induced associated complications like
bacterial infection, cardiovascular disorder, oxidative stress, and metabolic disorder. As a result, this work will
provide valuable information to scientists, researchers, and clinicians for suitable carbohydrate polymer-based
pharmaceutical development.
Histone Methylation Regulation as a Potential Target for Non-alcoholic
Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Liu Yuanbin , Chen Mingkai
Published: May 2023

Epigenetic modulations are currently emerging as promising targets in metabolic diseases,
including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), for their roles in pathogenesis and therapeutic
potential. The molecular mechanisms and modulation potential of histone methylation as a histone
post-transcriptional modification in NAFLD have been recently addressed. However, a detailed overview
of the histone methylation regulation in NAFLD is lacking. In this review, we comprehensively
summarize the mechanisms of histone methylation regulation in NAFLD. We conducted a comprehensive
database search in the PubMed database with the keywords 'histone', 'histone methylation',
'NAFLD', and 'metabolism' without time restriction. Reference lists of key documents were also reviewed
to include potentially omitted articles. It has been reported that these enzymes can interact
with other transcription factors or receptors under pro-NAFLD conditions, such as nutritional stress,
which lead to recruitment to the promoters or transcriptional regions of key genes involved in glycolipid
metabolism, ultimately regulating gene transcriptional activity to influence the expression. Histone
methylation regulation has been implicated in mediating metabolic crosstalk between tissues or
organs in NAFLD and serves a critical role in NAFLD development and progression. Some dietary
interventions or agents targeting histone methylation have been suggested to improve NAFLD; however,
there is still a lack of additional research and clinical translational relevance. In conclusion, histone
methylation/demethylation has demonstrated an important regulatory role in NAFLD by mediating
the expression of key glycolipid metabolism-related genes, and more research is needed in the future
to explore its potential as a therapeutic target.
Impact of Microfluidic Chip Electrophoresis in Modern Analysis: An
Update on Recent Trends
Authors: Kumar Bhupinder , Pasricha Sumit , Bhatia Rohit , Patel Preeti
Published: May 2023

The recent development of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technology has substantially raised
interest in analytical chemistry. Since, they have demonstrated to be extraordinarily adept at precise fluid
control, cell manipulation, and signal output, microfluidic chips are a useful tool for quick and in-depth
single-cell investigation. This technique is cost-effective, less time-consuming, automatic, high mobility,
and fast separation technique. Due to the internal chip sizes, which range from micrometers to millimeters,
consumption of the samples and reagents occurs at the nanoliter and picoliter levels. The microfluidic
device can fit a variety of functions onto a few centimeter-long chips. In this article, we discussed numerous
preparations of microfluidic chip electrophoresis and its recent advancements. This method is
useful for the detection of various small amounts of content with less time and greater efficacy. It is also
useful in cancer studies, 3D inkjet printing, immunoassay investigation in cell-cell interactions, analysis
of nanoparticles, dielectrophoretic particle separation, plant alkaloids, and forensic science applications.
This review, therefore, examines the use of various microfluidic chips in electrophoretic separation during
2017–2022. There are various papers found by search, indicating continuous activity in the research area
along with studies to explain its material, method, and its efficacy.
Accelerating Healing of Excisional Wound with a Hydrogel Containing
Hyacinth Bean (Dolichos lablab) Extract in a Rat Model
Authors: Singh Neelam , Gupta Puneet , Goel Radha , Narayan Chaitanya Vinayak , Sagar Deepak , Gupta Aanchal
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Medicinal plants are essential in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses.
Dolichos lablab, also known as Hyacinth Bean, is a popular legume crop in India that is rich in natural
bioactive compounds. In recognition of its importance in many skin therapies, a hydrogel was prepared.
The primary goal of topical formulations is to provide drug contact with the skin while reducing
overall absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing effect of Dolichos lablab extract
hydrogel on full-thickness wounds in rats.

Method:

Wounds were created on the dorsal surface of Male Albino Wistar rats. Next, the animals
were divided into four groups (n = 12). Each group was treated with 200 mg of the allotted topical
treatment of blank gel, Dolichos hydrogel and marketed betadine gel. The treatments were applied
immediately after the injury and twice daily for up to 14 days. Animals were euthanized on day 14 and
some parameters were analyzed such as wound closure rate, Inflammatory cytokines level, oxidative
stress profile, collagen hydroxyproline and hexosamine concentration, macroscopic and histopathological
evidence.

Results:

The findings indicate that Dolichos lablab extract has potent wound healing ability, as evidenced
by improved wound closure and tissue regeneration, as well as histopathological parameters.
Dolichos hydrogel increased the skin's hydroxyproline level, antioxidant potential, wound contraction,
and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the production of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
This affirms the potency of the wound-healing properties of Dolichos lablab extract.

Conclusion:

Dolichos lablab hydrogel is a low-cost herbal medicine which can aid in tissue repair.
Mechanism of Procyanidin B2 in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Based
on Integrating Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Li Hong-Xing , Jing Yuan-Xue , Chai Yi-Hong , Sun Xiao-Hong , He Xiao-Xia , Xue Shi-Long , Xi Ya-Ming , Ma Xiao-Ling
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

To study the pharmacological mechanism of procyanidin B2 (PCB2) on chronic myeloid leukemia
(CML) by integrating network pharmacological methods systematically.

Methods:

Firstly, the potential target genes of PCB2 were predicted by the pharmacological database and analysis
platform (TCMSP and Pharmmapper). Meanwhile, the relevant target genes of CML were collected from GeneCards
and DisGene. Pooled data were collected to screen for common target genes. Furthermore, the above intersection genes
were imported into the String website to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Gene Ontology
(GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were further analyzed.
Besides, molecular docking was performed to verify the possible binding conformation between PCB2 and candidate
targets. Finally, MTT and RT-PCR experiments of K562 cells were performed to verify the above results of network
pharmacology.

Results:

A total of 229 PCB2 target genes were retrieved, among which 186 target genes had interaction with CML.
The pharmacological effects of PCB2 on CML were related to some important oncogenes and signaling pathways. The
top ten core targets predicted by Network Analysis were as follows: AKT1, EGFR, ESR1, CASP3, SRC, VEGFA,
HIF1A, ERBB2, MTOR, and IGF1. Molecular docking studies confirmed that hydrogen bonding was the main interaction
force of PCB2 binding targets. According to the molecular docking score, the following three target proteins were
most likely to bind to PCB2: VEGFA (-5.5 kcal/mol), SRC (-5.1 kcal/mol), and EGFR (-4.6 kcal/mol). After treatment
of PCB2 for 24h, mRNA expression levels of VEGFA and HIF1A decreased significantly in K562 cells.

Conclusion:

Through integrating network pharmacology combined with molecular docking, the study revealed the
potential mechanism of PCB2 anti-chronic myeloid leukemia.
Identification of Phytochemicals and Assessment of Hypoglycemic and
Haematological Potentials of Terminalia catappa Linn leaf Extract in
Alloxan-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors: Ben Ezekiel E. , Beshel Justin A. , Owu Daniel U. , Palacios Javier , Nwokocha Magdalene , Bórquez Jorge , Simirgiotis Mario J. , Nwokocha Chukwuemeka R.
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Hypoglycemia and anemia are associated with diabetes mellitus. Medicinal
plants and orthodox drugs have been used for the management of this disease. This study
aimed to validate the ethnomedical claims of Terminalia catappa Linn. leaf extract in reducing
hyperglycemia and hematological potentials in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and to identify likely
antidiabetic compounds.

Materials and Methods:

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify the
various phytochemical constituents. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups containing
6 rats per group. Group 1 (control) received 0.2 ml/kg of distilled water, group 2 received
130 mg/kg of T. catappa aqueous extract, groups 3-5 were diabetic and received 0.2 ml/g distilled
water, 130 mg/kg T. catappa extract and 0.75 IU/kg insulin respectively for 14 days. Hematological
parameters were measured and an oral glucose tolerance test was carried out using 2 g/kg body
weight glucose. A histological analysis of the pancreas was done.

Results:

Twenty-five compounds identified as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and triterpenoids
were detected. The blood glucose levels were significantly (p <0.05) elevated in DM groups
but were significantly (p <0.05) reduced following Terminalia catappa leaves extract to DM
groups. There was s significant (p <0.05) increase in insulin levels improved hematological parameters
(RBC, WBC, and platelets), and increased islet population.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that T. catappa extract has hypoglycemic, insulinogenic, and
hematopoietic potentials in diabetic condition and offer protection to the pancreas which could be
attributed to the phytochemical constituents thereby justifying its use in traditional therapy.
Synthesis of Novel Cationic Photosensitizers Derived from Chlorin for
Application in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Ranjbari Faride , Rashidi Mohammad R. , Hemmati Salar , Safari Ebrahim , Tajalli Habib
Published: May 2023

Background:

Chlorins (dihydroporphyrins) are tetrapyrrole-based compounds that are
more effective in photodynamic therapy than porphyrins. The instability of the compounds and
their oxidation to porphyrin limits the use of these compounds. However, the design and synthesis
of new stable chlorin-based cationic photosensitizers with the potential for use in cancer photodynamic
therapy can be interesting.

Methods:

In this research, new tetracationic meso substituted chlorins were designed, synthesized,
and characterized. After determining the chemical structure and spectroscopic properties of five
new photosensitizers, their phototoxicity on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) was investigated under
optimized conditions in terms of factors such as photosensitizer concentrations and light intensity.

Results:

The results of cytotoxicity assayed by the MTT method showed that the synthesized
compounds, even up to the concentration of 50 μM had very low toxicity in the absence of light,
which indicates their safety under dark conditions. Compounds A1 and A3 with the best physicochemical
properties such as solubility, high absorption intensity in the effective range of photodynamic
therapy, and the high quantum yield of singlet oxygen, had a good toxic effect (IC50 = 0.5
μM) on the cancer cells (MCF-7) in the presence of laser light.

Conclusion:

According to the obtained results, compounds A1 and A3 have the potential to continue
research on PDT for confirmation and use in treatment.
Hrudaya Chetana Sthanam - What Modern Science Says?
Authors: Anju B. Uppin
Published: May 2023

Hrudaya is one of the Kostanga. Hrudaya, which resembles like Adhomukha Pundarika is situated between two Stana and is the Sthana of Satwa, Raja and Tama. Mahat and Artha are the synonyms of Hrudaya. Also, Hrudaya is the Vishesha Sthana for Chetana i.e., Atma, Shareera experiences Shukha Dhukhadi feelings because of this Chetana. Medical science says that heart and mind work together. Recent scientific research says that Consciousness emerges from the brain and heart acting together. In this paper an effort is made to explain the scientific truth regarding Hrudaya as Chetana Sthana.
Classical review of Haridra (Curcuma longa)
Authors: Shreedevi H. Huddar  , Anupkumar E.  , Anil Jadhav
Published: May 2023

Haridra (Curcuma Longa Linn.) is one of the patent drug of India and the most valuable drug which is used by the Indians in all the ways for the rituals (in marriages & poojas); for preparing food preparation and as usual as home remedy medicine since ancient days. Till today Haridra is considered to be the most important drug. The aim of this study is to collect and evaluate the information on Haridra an important valuable medicinal plant and is mentioned in different Ayurvedic treatises like Brihadtrayee, Lagutrayee, and Nigantus. It is a drug which is having high therapeutic value as the root is available both in dried and wet form and this is used in so many preparations and used as Ekamuliya Prayoga (single drug therapy) also and is having highly antimicrobial and anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activity.
A case study of Shukra Kshaya w.s.r. to Oligospermia
Authors: Mukul Panwar  , Jitendra Sankhala  , Manoj Meena  , Shailendra Singh Mandloi
Published: May 2023

Male infertility is primarily caused by low sperm count (oligospermia) and reduced sperm motility (asthenospermia), which can be linked to Shukravaha Srotas Dushti and is an issue of global dimensions. Around the world, 8–12% of spouses struggle with infertility. Ten kinds of Shukra Dushti that cannot produce offspring have been described by Acharya Sushrut. The function of Shukra Dhatu according to modern aspects can be explained as reproductive strength of the person, in this Shukra means semen only. Factors affecting decrease of Shukra Dhatu leads to Shukra Kshaya can be co-related with oligospermia in males. Ayurvedic management was used to successfully treat a 36-year-old man who had been diagnosed with oligo-asthenospermia, a condition marked by low sperm count and non-motile spermatozoa. The man had been married for three years and his wife had a regular menstrual cycle. After Aamapachana, the aim of this case report is to evaluate the effect of Ayurvedic treatment in Shukra Kshaya which leads to male infertility. And its outcome reveals that the oligospermia associated with male infertility can be effectively managed by Ayurvedic treatments.
Effective Ayurvedic management of Infertility due to low AMH in Elderly Women - Case Study
Authors: Maheshwari Danappagoudar  , Savita S. Patil
Published: May 2023

Pregnancy or the motherhood beyond the edge of reproductive age is referred as Pregnancy in “Elder gravida”. In the developing and developed countries age of marriage and there by child bearing are relatively late in life. Chances of pregnancy for healthy couples in their 20s and early 30s are around 1 in 4 women, 40s around 1 in 10women. Generally reproductive potential decreases as women get older, one of the common reasons is due to low AMH. Age is the single biggest factor affecting a women’s chance to conceive and to have a healthy baby and fertility can be expected to end 5 to 10 years before menopause. Risk of pregnancy complications increases with age. The risk of miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus increases from the age of 35years. Complications such as GDM, Placenta previa, Caesarian section and still birth are common among older women than younger women. According to Ayurveda, Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of women to contribute to conception and also who is unable to carry pregnancy to full term. Ayurvedic management gives a new hope in women by strengthening body’s own self-healing and balancing mechanism without any intervention by outside or foreign substance to replace or correct the hormones in the body. Case Study: A female patient aged 38 years diagnosed as Primary Infertility due to low AMH treated with Virechana followed by Matrabasti and Shaman Chikitsa, after 3 months of treatment her AMH level increased and also patient got Conceived.
Ayurvedic management of Klaibya - Case Study
Authors: Jaykrishan Barman  , Suvendu Rout  , Pradeep Kumar Moharana
Published: May 2023

Impotency means a man who is unable to perform sexual intercourse, being powerless and unable to carry out sexual activities. The male sexual dysfunctions have been elaborately described as Klaibya in Ayurvedic classics. In clinical practices Klaibya is the most common psychosexual disorders. It refers to a problem during any phase of the sexual cycle that restricted the man from experiencing satisfaction from the activity. Now days the incidence of sexual dysfunction is increases due of age, sedentary life style, unhealthy foods etc. About 5% of 35 years old men and between 15% and 25% of 50 years old men experience sexual dysfunctions. Vajikarana, branch of Ashtanga Ayurveda is deals with fertility, potency and healthy progeny. In this branch diagnosis and management of infertility and Sexual dysfunction are dealt in detail.
Analytical study of different samples of Aloe Vera Juice
Authors: Hari Krishna Shriwas  , Sudhanshu Pratap Singh
Published: May 2023

Aloe vera juice (Kumari Sawarasa) is a herbal formulation used extensively in Ayurvedic system of Indian Medicine, as Anti-ageing, Prevent skin aging, Anti-microbial, Anti-oxidant and Healing agent. In last few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of doctors, dentists, vets, other health professionals and therapists who have come regard using of Aloe vera abundance of products available in market of different agencies and people are enhancing the use of the Aloe vera in different ways i.e., Juices, Gel in Cosmetics and Beauty products. But on the till date the parameters of active principles have been devoid of search.
Importance, techniques, benefits, safety and adverse effect associated with Shatkarma mentioned in traditional Hatha Yoga texts (HYP & GS) along with comparison: A Review on Shatkarma
Authors: Pankaj Patidar  , Kanchan Yadav
Published: May 2023

Shatkarma has contained six cleansing techniques mentioned in Hathayoga texts. These are the most effective techniques to cure and prevent disease. The Hatha Yoga Pradipika (HYP) and Gherand Samhita (GS) (written between the 15th and 17th centuries) are the two most prominent and relevant foundational literature on Shatkarma, and are still relevant now. Previously published literature on Hatha Yoga covers book review, overview and comparative study on Hathayoga texts, comparative study on Asanas, concept of Kundalini and concept of Ghata and Ghata Sudhhi. The purpose of this review was to systematically review: (1) the importance of Shatkarma practises; (2) the types of Shatkarma practises; (3) techniques of Shatkarma; (4) the benefits of Shatkarma practises; (5) the safety and adverse effects associated with Shatkarma practises mentioned in HYP and GS; and (6) a comparison of Shatkarma between HYP and GS. The verses on Shatkarma are systematically reviewed, collected, and presented under the six specified aspects in this review.
PENGARUH CLEARANCE DAN PEMBEBANAN RADIAL TERHADAP PERPINDAHAN, DISTRIBUSI BEBAN KONTAK, DAN KEKAKUAN ELEMEN ROL PADA SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARING
Authors: Dahlan Hendery , Safitri Rahmi , Rusli Meifal , Bur Mulyadi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of clearance and loading regarding to the displacement, distribution of contact loads and stiffness of spherical roller bearings at rest. The displacement formulation of the inner ring of the bearing was developed by defining the angle of inclination of the roller element to the axis of shaft. The comparison between exact calculations using the Matlab program and numerical modeling with MSC Marc for the displacement has an error value of less than 10%. Therefore, the displacement formulation of the inner ring of the bearing is used to calculate the exact distribution of contact load and stiffness of the spherical roller bearing and numerical modeling. The results revealed that the effect of clearance and loading on the displacement of the inner ring of the spherical roller bearing is directly proportional. The contact load of the bearing roller element is distributed over the part of the roller element that is in contact with its path, where the largest contact load occurs at the position of the roller element parallel to the axis of the shaft at rest. Meanwhile, bearing stiffness will decreases with increasing the value of clearance.