bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employment duration of Polish Ekstraklasa Managers, and its impact on or-ganizations sport success
Authors: Karwiński Marcin
Published: July 2017

Sports team as a integral part of the organization, plays an important part in building its success and its effectiveness impacts the perception of the whole organization. Proper team management plays a key role in building sports success, which leads to a conclusion that a position of a manager in football is a position of a high importance. The duration of the employment on that position varies and often is shorter than a year. That raises a question about the impact of manager’s employment stability on sports team’s performance. The author compared the duration of manager’s employment in polish Ekstraklasa teams over last eleven seasons with the performance of the teams, that comparison led to a conclusion that there is no evident connection between the two, but it can be observed that higher stability often leads to better results. The research is going to be widened and continued to achieve deeper insight on the problem.
Personality footballers AMP Futbol
Authors: Kalinowski Paweł , Lischka Ołpińska Marta
Published: July 2017

Personality traits are the variables significantly related to the functioning of sporting activities. Today, most research in sport refers to the trait approach to personality. Hence, in the first place, selected constructs in this field will be briefly characterized. It is often the case that people with disabilities have to fight with themselves. Perhaps, selected personality traits might be of an influence. The aim of this study was to compare the level of personality traits of athletes with disabilities with the average value in the normative group.The study was conducted on a group of 16 players representing the team of unilateral amputee footballers. The study was conducted using a personality questionnaire NEO-FFI in the month of March 2015.
Student-Athletes in american model of sport – characteristic of university sport in USA
Authors: Owsianny Marek
Published: July 2017

This article concerns the continously actual issue of deeming student-athletes in United States of America employees of their universities, where they study and which they represent in various sports competitions. This text is not an attempt to take a stand on an aforementioned issue, however it does present the most important factors creating that dispute. Moreover it adduces the most representative and significant judicial cases and other from federal level which are connected with this issue, i.e.: the Northwestern University petition, the Ed O’Bannon’s lawsuit or the lawsuit of Samantha Sackos. What is more, the author tries to identify the essential frames where bylaws sholud be altered in order to improve the situation of student-athletes, which does not necessarily result in granting them an employee status on the other hand.The author based his characteristic and analysis of this issue on a representative collection of publications by american authors, various documents and other materials issued by organizations which function in the American sports environment (e.g. NCAA) and the most significant rulings connected with academic sport. In order to exemplify the above-mantioned issues, the author used several times chosen press materials.This article presents major features of the American academic sport. It brings closer the most important matters linked with practinig sport by students at universities in the United States and relationships between student-athletes, univesities, agents, different types of organizations and professional leagues. Description of the system established in academic sport in the United States gives also the opportunity to identify and evaluate its advantages and disadvantages.
Association of Stress Biomarkers With 30‐Day Unplanned Readmission and Death
Authors: Aubert Carole E. , Folly Antoine , Mancinetti Marco , Hayoz Daniel , Donzé Jacques D.
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND

The theory that posthospitalization stress might increase the risk of postdischarge complications has never been investigated.

OBJECTIVE

To assess whether serum levels of stress bio‐markers at discharge are associated with readmission and death after an acute‐care hospitalization.

DESIGN

We prospectively included 346 patients aged ≥50 years admitted to the department of general internal medicine at a large community hospital between April 8, 2013 and September 23, 2013. We measured the serum levels of several biomarkers at discharge: midregional pro‐adrenomedullin, copeptin, cortisol, and prolactin. All patients were followed for up to 90 days after discharge (none was lost to follow‐up). The main outcome was first unplanned readmission or death within 30 days after hospital discharge. We assessed the additional value of biomarkers to 2 validated readmission prediction scores: the LACE index (Length of stay, Admission Acuity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and number of Emergency department visits within preceding 6 months) and the HOSPITAL score (Hemoglobin level at discharge, discharge from Oncology service, Sodium level at discharge, any Procedure performed during index hospitalization, Index admission Type, number of Admissions within preceding 12 months, and Length of stay).

RESULTS

Forty patients (11.6%) had a 30‐day unplanned readmission or death. High serum copeptin and cortisol levels were associated with an increase in the odds of unplanned readmission or death (odds ratios [95% confidence interval] 2.69 [1.29‐5.64] and 3.43 [1.36, 8.65], respectively). We found no significant association with midregional pro‐adrenomedullin or prolactin. Furthermore, these stress biomarkers increased the performance of two readmission prediction scores (LACE index and HOSPITAL score).

CONCLUSION

High serum levels of copeptin and cortisol at discharge were independently associated with 30‐day unplanned readmission or death, supporting a possible negative effect of hospitalization stress during the post‐discharge period. Stress biomarkers improved the performance of prediction models and therefore could help better identify high‐risk patients.
Diversity and pattern of nest preference of bat species at bat-dwelling caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: WIJAYANTI FAHMA , MARYANTO IBNU
Published: July 2017

Wijayanti F, Maryanto I. 2017 Diversity and pattern of nest preference of bat species at bat-dwelling caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java, Indonesia Biodiversitas 18: 864-874. A study on the diversity of bat species, their community structure and pattern of roosting preference, has been conducted in twelve caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java. Bats were caught at the roosting place during the day. Length, width, and height of cave passage were measured, as well as a number of entrances and caveâ€™s ventilation were also calculated. In addition, microclimate parameters were measured under the bat roosts. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Fifteen species (eleven species of insectivorous bats and four species of fruit bats) were recorded. The result also shows that the length, height, and width of the cave passage influenced the community structure of bats. While the other physical factors, i.e. sound intensity, distance from the cave entrance, temperature, humidity, and light intensity influence the bat nesting preference. Furthermore, there were five groups of bats which have a specific pattern of roosting preference.
Housekeeping gene as a source of calibrator candidate for HER-2 scoring in frozen tissue breast cancer study based on qPCR
Authors: RISMAYA RISMAYA , AZAMRIS AZAMRIS , BUDIARTI SRI , DESRIANI DESRIANI
Published: July 2017

Rismaya, Azamris, Budiarti S, Desriani. 2017. Housekeeping gene as a source of calibrator candidate for HER-2 scoring in frozen tissue breast cancer study based on qPCR. Biodiversitas 18: 1041-1046. HER-2 amplification in breast cancer gives an implication in therapy and prognosis. FDA have been approved Fluorescence In situ hybridization (FISH) for HER-2 amplification and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for protein expression measurement. In this recently times, quantitative PCR techniques have been reported as an alternative method for HER-2 amplification determination. Here in this report, we investigated new reference gene coming from housekeeping gene as an alternative calibrator for HER-2 amplification scoring based on qPCR methods. We compared two recommended housekeeping gene, 18S rRNA and β-Actin, as a candidate for a HER-2 calibrator. For methods development, optimization and comparison study between 18S rRNA and β-Actin, we used non-invasive samples (DNA buccal cells). Selected candidate reference further was tested to eighteen breast cancer sample, validated with qPCR methods refer to Mendoza et al. 2013. β- Actin is shown as the best candidate for HER-2 scoring status determination. qPCR concordance result with other qPCR methods refers to Mendoza et al. 2013 shown 94.4%. The qPCR efficiency and % CV value shown as a requirement as a theory. qPCR efficiency was 103.8-105.3% for β-Actin and HER-2 respectively while CV value was around 1.2%. Our result showed a significant correlation with reported methods, which could potentially complement with FDA approved methods.
The diversity of diurnal bird species on western slope of Mount Lawu, Java, Indonesia
Authors: KRISANTI A.A. , CHOIRUNNAFI A. , SEPTIANA N.O. , PRATAMA F.W. , AMELIA F. , MANJASWARI A. , SEPTININGTYAS P.A. , WATI A.S. , SATRIA J.Y. , ANI I.L. , WIBOWO T. , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO
Published: July 2017

Krisanti AA, Choirunnafi’ A, Septiana NO, Pratama FW, Amelia F, Manjaswari A, Septiningtyas PA, Wati AS, Satria JY, Ani IL, Wibowo T, Sugiyarto. 2017. The diversity of diurnal bird species on western slope of Mount Lawu, Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1077-1083. Mount Lawu is one of the highest inactive volcanoes in Java Island, Indonesia. Mount Lawu attracts people to cultivate its area for agriculture, but without proper management, the biodiversity in Mount Lawu is in threat. This research aimed to get information about diurnal bird diversity on the western slope of Mount Lawu which includes a forest area (FA), an agroforestry area (AA), and a residential area (RA). Data collection was performed through point count method in 5 to 6 point per sites within certain time intervals after dawn and before sunset. There were 61 bird species from 26 families with a total number of 1416 birds being observed. The diversity index of the western slope was 2.480, and the highest Hmax among observed areas was the forest area (3.714). Collocalia linchi (Di 37.92) and Pycnonotus aurigaster (Di 19.42) were very common almost in all observation areas. The most similar ecosystem was FA and AA (J 0.176), followed by AA and RA (J 0.24), and FA and RA (J 0.393). A better management of Mount Lawu is necessary to improve human and biodiversity wellness. The result of this study could be used as additional data to consider a stronger protection for the biodiversity in Mount Lawu.
Variability of upland rice genotypes response to low light intensity
Authors: HAIRMANSIS ARIS , YULLIANIDA YULLIANIDA , SUPARTOPO SUPARTOPO , JAMIL ALI , SUWARNO SUWARNO
Published: July 2017

Hairmansis A, Yullianida, Supartopo, Jamil A, Suwarno. 2017. Variability of upland rice genotypes response to low light intensity. Biodiversitas 18: 1122-1129. Plantation areas have a great potential to be utilized for upland rice production through intercropping. One of major constraints in the cultivation of upland rice as intercropping is low light intensity caused by shading. Improvement of rice varieties for shading tolerance is therefore important to increase rice production in upland areas. The objective of this study was to investigate the variability of upland rice genotypes responses to shading and identify the best genotypes for intercropping rice cultivation. Thirty-eight upland rice breeding lines, the shading tolerant rice variety Jatiluhur, and the shading susceptible rice variety IR64 were evaluated for their response to low light intensity in the greenhouse and the field. Greenhouse screening was conducted to determine their shading tolerance in vegetative stage while evaluation in the field was performed to evaluate their agronomic performance under 55% shading and normal conditions. Variation in upland rice genotypes on low light stress was revealed both in greenhouse and field trials. In the greenhouse trial, 12 genotypes showed higher survival rate compared to tolerant rice variety Jatiluhur. Field evaluation demonstrated that 55% shading increased plant height, reduced productive tiller number, delayed flowering time, increased spikelet sterility and reduced grain yield. Upland rice breeding line B11908F-TB-3-WN-1 showed high yield relative in shading condition compared to normal condition and had high-stress tolerance index (STI) which indicated the genotype was tolerant to shading.
Short Communication: Some additions to powdery mildews (Erysiphales: Fungi) of Northwestern Himalayas
Authors: GAUTAM AJAY KUMAR , AVASTHI SHUBHI
Published: July 2017

Gautam AK, Avasthi S. 2017. Short Communication: Some additions to powdery mildews (Erysiphales: Fungi) of Northwestern Himalayas. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 52-56. During the regular mycological collections, between October to December 2015 in North-West Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh, four powdery mildews parasitic on higher plants were gathered. After study they were found to be Pseudoidium cryptolepidis on Cryptolepis buchanani, Erysiphe trifoliorum on Trifolium repentis, Podosphaera xanthii on Coreopsis lanceolata and Podosphaera euphorbiae-hirtae on Euphorbia hirta. All the powdery mildew fungi are additions to Himachal Pradesh as well as north-west Himalayas.
Overproduction, characterization and preliminary antiproliferative activity determination of non-tagged recombinant human interferon alpha-2a produced in Pichia pastoris
Authors: HERAWATI NENG , WARDIANA ANDRI , NINGRUM RATIH ASMANA
Published: July 2017

Herawati N, Wardiana A, Ningrum RA. 2017. Overproduction, characterization and antiproliferative activity determination of non-tagged recombinant human interferon alpha-2a produced in Pichia pastoris. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 97-101. Recombinant human interferon alpha-2a (rhIFNÎ±-2a) has been widely used for antiviral, anticancer as well as immunomodulatory clinical therapy. In our previous research, we constructed the Open Reading Frame (ORF) encoding synthetic rhIFNÎ±-2a to be in framed with N-terminal alpha factor secretion system in pPICZÎ±B shuttle vector. This research covered overproduction, characterization of the protein and preliminary determination of biological potency assay by using the estrogen positive cell line MCF-7. To overproduce the protein, cultivation was performed in Buffered complex medium containing glycerol (BMGY) for 24 h and production was performed in Buffered complex medium containing methanol (BMMY) during 48 hours at 30Â°C. The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography using blue sepharose resin. Analysis of amino acid sequence by using MS/MS2 mass spectrometry covered 21% of the total amino acid residues. To determine the initial biological activity, the effect of rhIFNÎ±-2a on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was studied in vitro. The anti-proliferative activity of hIFNÎ±-2a was performed by 3-[4.5-dimethyltiazol-2il]-2.5 diphenylltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The result showed that the protein is able to inhibit MCF-7 proliferation and the reduction of cell growth was dose-dependently. To monitor the protein production, we performed stability expression assay as well. The result informed that the expression of ORF still stable until 60th generation
Short Communication: The clay nanoparticle impregnation for increasing the strength and quality of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and white meranti (Shorea bracteolata) timber
Authors: ALEX TAMAN , WINARNI BUDI , KUSUMA IRAWAN WIJAYA , ARUNG ENOS TANGKE , BUDIARSO EDY
Published: July 2017

Alex T, Winarni B, Kusuma IW, Arung ET, Budiarso E. 2017. Short Communication: The clay nanoparticle impregnation for increasing the strength and quality of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and white meranti (Shorea bracteolata) timber. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 107-110. The clay nanoparticle impregnation for increasing the strength and quality of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and white meranti (Shorea bracteolata) timber. The clay nanoparticles as a fine particle material dissolved in water was impregnated into the sengon and white meranti timber in order to improve its strength properties. Impregnation is the process of inserting the material dissolved in specific water or liquid in the timber using vacuum tube and air pressure. Materials used in this study were clay nanoparticles and the sample test of sengon (P. falcataria) and white meranti (S.bracteolata) timbers with a size of 2 cm x 2 cm x 40 cm. A total of 30 samples for each type of dried timber were impregnated using clay nanoparticles with a pressure of 60 psi for 2 hours. The results showed that impregnation with clay nanoparticles at concentrations of 5% gave the retention value of sengon and white meranti timber of 22.73 kg.m3 and 24.89 kg.m3, respectively. Wood strength is indicated by the voltage value at the boundary proportion (SPL), modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). sengon timber shows the value of SPL, MOR, MOE by 296.57 kg.cm2, 376.36 kg.cm2, and 38027.663 kg.cm2, while the white meranti timber had the value of SPL, MOR, MOE as follows: 623, 32 kg.cm2, 729.69 kg.cm2 and 160.187 kg.cm2. The strength of sengon timber was increased from class V (very low) to class IV (low), whereas white meranti was increased from class IV (low) into class II (strong).
The increase of Ultisol productivity based on intercropping cassava with peanut and soybean
Authors: HARSONO ARIEF , PRATIWI HERDINA
Published: July 2017

Harsono A, Pratiwi H. 2017. The increase of Ultisol productivity based on intercropping cassava with peanut and soybean. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 157-163. The research aimed to determine the productivity and economic benefits of intercropping cassava with peanut and soybean on Ultisol dryland. Field experiment covering 2 ha land was conducted at Ultisol in East Lampung during 2011 growing season. A split plot design was used in this research involving four farmers as replications. Each farmer applied two fertilizer packages for the main plot, i.e., (A) Â½ dose of recommended NPK + organic fertilizer + biofertilizer, and (B) the recommended dose of NPK. The sub-plot was intercropping system, i.e., (i) the farmerâ€™s monoculture cassava technological package, (ii) the improved farmerâ€™s monoculture cassava technological package, (iii) intercropping cassava + peanut, and (iv) intercropping cassava + peanut +/ soybean. The results indicated that improvement of plant spacing and NPK fertilization could increase the productivity of the farmerâ€™s monoculture cassava technological model by 54-85% of fresh roots. The productivity could be further increased by intercropping cassava with peanut, or intercropping cassava + peanut/+ soybean. The LER of intercropping cassava + peanut was 3.30 when the technological farmerâ€™s monoculture cassava was used as the control in the LER calculation and was 1.78 when the improved technological monoculture cassava was used as the control in the LER calculation. In addition, the LER of intercropping cassava + peanut +/soybean was 3.70 and 1.98, respectively, when the calculation of LER considered, respectively, the farmerâ€™s monoculture cassava and improved monoculture cassava as the control. The intercropping system significantly increased the net income of monoculture system up to 210% and the higher income was generated by intercropping cassava + peanut +/soybean. The use of organic and biological fertilizer reduced the NPK fertilizer requirement by 50% and significantly increased the benefit-cost ratio.
Limnological profile of Kamal Sagar Wetland of Burdwan Town, West Bengal, India
Authors: BADSHA S.K. ALAMGIR , JANA N.C.
Published: July 2017

Badsha SKA, Jana NC. 2017. Limnological profile of Kamal Sagar Wetland of Burdwan Town, West Bengal, India. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 195-201. Wetlands, valuable ecosystems that occur extensively throughout the world in all climatic zones, are estimated to cover about 6% of the earth surface. The Kamal Sagar Wetland (KASW) is one of the important perennial wetlands of Burdwan, India. The documentary, field survey with questionnaires and laboratory analysis methods have been used from 2009 to 2013 to access to information, for identifying capabilities and limiting factors of the Wetland. Itâ€™s physical, chemical and biological parameters have been considered to know the potentialities of wetlands. The results are showing that BOD5 is high in pre-monsoon season for the presence of hydrocarbon of automobile shops and garbage mixing by the stakeholders. pH is alkaline in all time. Transparency & euphotic limit values are half in summer season than other seasons because of low water depth, turbidity ranges from 60 to 75 NTU, organic carbon ranges from 0.55% to 0.79%. Surface runoff, hydrocarbon, and development activities of Burdwan Town have increased pollution load in this Wetland. It can be considered as important threats for the wetland. It is recommended to make a necessary study on physicochemical and biological parameters of wetland and also the current threats and opportunities.
The appearance of rabbit skin tissue (Oryctolagus cuniculus) after supplementation of Aloe vera and Spirulina fusiformis
Authors: KUNTANA YASMI PURNAMASARI , YURMIATI HUSMY , WULANDARI ASRI PENI , SYAFITRI FARIDA , PARTASASMITA RUHYAT
Published: July 2017

Kuntana YP, Yurmiati H, Wulandari AP, Syafitri F, Partasasmita R. 2017. The appearance of rabbit skin tissue (Oryctolagus cuniculus) after supplementation of Aloe vera and Spirulina fusiformis. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 268-274. The research is about the appearance of rabbit skin tissue (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) after supplementation of Aloe vera L. and Spirulina fusiformis Vor. has been done. This study was carried out to find the most effective formulation ofsupplement of A. vera and S. fusiformis as a natural supplement that can generate the best appearance of rabbit skin tissue. The method in this research was a single Complete Random Design (CRD) on 28 male New Zealand White strains rabbits with the age of 16 weeks. The treatments were divided into seven groups with four replications, namely, P0 (negative control ), P1(positive control, vitamin C19 mg/kg BW), P2 (A. vera 74 mg/kg BW), P3 (S. fusiformis 296 mg/kg BW), P4 (A. vera: S. fusiformis, 74: 148 mg/kg BW), P5 (A. vera: S. fusiformis, 74: 296 mg/kg BW), and P6 (A. vera: S. fusiformis, 74: 593 mg/kg BW). The parameters observed were production aspect (hair texture, slaughter weight, skin width, and skin weight percentage) and histological aspect (thickness of skin tissue and the amount of hair follicle). All of the data was analyzed using ANOVA test (P Ëƒ 95%) and Duncan test (P Ëƒ 95%). The result showed that the giving of supplement with the basis of the formulation of A. vera 74 mg/kg bw and S. fusiformis 296 mg/kg bw was effective in generating the best appearance of rabbit skin tissue.
Present Cardiologic Problems in Indonesia
Authors: Ranti I. S.F.
Published: July 2017

The steady increase of the numberof Cardiovascular diseases and theprogresses made in the diagnostic andsurgical procedures intensified theactivities in the field of Cardiology.At the present time these activitieshave grown beyond medical and tech-nicaI aspects, creating a variety ofsocio-economic problems, requiringactive private and governmental par-ticipation and cooperation.
Organization of Mother and Infant Care Services (Urban) in Indonesia
Authors: Sutedjo R.
Published: July 2017

In Jakarta, being the capital of Indo-nesia, mother and infant care startedin the hospitals long before the se-cond world war, mainly in the cura-tive sense.
Uses and Limitations of Gammaglobulin Therapy
Authors: Sumarmo Sumarmo
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses the enormous advances in gammaglobulin therapy, its uses and limitations.
Iron Deficiency in Children in Sydney
Authors: Lovric V.A.
Published: July 2017

Results of prospective studies of over 2,000 children with nutritional iron deficiency anaemia in Sydney are presented. The epidemiological aspects were also investigated in a study of 1500 well children, aged 6 — 36 months, attending Baby Health Centres in Sydney and the incidence of iron deficiency anaemia was found to be low (3%). Iron deficiency anaemia was common in children admitted to hospital with acute infections and diarrhoea (20%) and was clinically unsuspected in two-thirds. Because of inadequate iron prophylaxis the incidence in prematures was high (30%). Another groups recently arrived migrant children, also had a high incidence of anaemia (25%). There was circumstantial evidence linking anaemia and childhood morbidity. Matched patients awaiting elective minor surgery had a low incidence (3%) of iron deficiency anaemia, similar to the data published in out patients in Surabaya.
Effect of Low Lactose Milk Eiwit Melk (E.M.) on Protein Calorie Malnutrition
Authors: Suharjono Suharjono , Wirya I.G.N. Wila , Samsudin Samsudin , Sunoto Sunoto , Sulaiman Z. , Sutedjo Sutedjo
Published: July 2017

During 1½ years, from January 1972 until July 1973, 55 P.C.M. children hospitalised in the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia/Dr. Tjipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, were involved to this study. Self-prepared "Eiwit Melk (E.M.)" containing protein 2.7%, carbohydrate (lactose) 1.4%, fat 2.2% and calories 600, was used. Thirty children were treated with E.M. and 25 children as controlled, i.e. treated with E.M. + lactose 3.4% (E.M.L.). The results of the clinical trial as expressed with the increase of body weight, were excellent in 85.7% and good in 14.3%, whereas the results in the controlled group were excellent in only 9.1%, good in 36.4% and poor in 54.5%. From these excellent results, low lactose milk formula might be recommended in treating children with P.C.M.
The Effect of Endotoxin on General and Coronary Haemodynamics and Metabolism, and its Relation in Certain Infectious Diseases
Authors: Maxwell G.M.
Published: July 2017

Shock occurs in gram-negative septicaemia, dengue, and other infections: to understand the situation better, a study was made of the effects of endotoxin on the general and coronary circulation of intact animals. Cardiac output (Fick), coronary flow (N2O Fick), vascular pressures, glucose lactate, pyruvate, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and C14 palmitate levels, were measured before and after the injection of Serratia marcescens endotoxin into healthy anaesthetized dogs.Cardiac output, vascular pressures, and cardiac work fell precipitously. Coronary blood flow, myocardial O2 consumption, and cardiac efficiency decreased by 50%.Whole-body glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and NEFA increased, but no change occurred in the myocardial extraction of these substances. The myocardial oxidation of C14 palmitate increased.The general haemodynamic changes are similar to those occurring in patients; it is suggested that the changes in the coronary circulation seen in animals may also occur in the clinical situation. Other animal studies with a histamine releaser (Tween 20), gave results similar to those of endotoxin. Anaphylotoxins may then also be relevant to the "shock" state of certain infections.
Renogram in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Wirya I.G.N. Wila , Alatas H. , Tambunan T. , Sadeli R. , Budiman S. , Wijaya E.
Published: July 2017

Fifty children with nephrotic syndrome, aged 3 to 13 years, were studied for renogram patterns. Twenty-one cases had normal renograms; one case with bilateral and one with unilateral renal function. Seven cases showed bilateral renal impairment in both secretion and excretion phases. Impairment of excretion phase was found in 12 cases bilaterally and 8 unilaterally. None of them showed abnormality in the secretion phase alone. Eighteen out of 29 cases with abnormal renograms were studied further in remission states. The second renogram of these cases showed improvement to normal in 13 cases, two other cases still had impairment in the secretion and excretion phases, and the remaining 3 cases showed only impairment in the excretion phase. Ten healthy children as control had normal renograms. The correlation of clinical/laboratory findings and abnormal renograms patterns was discussed. Further studies on the use and limitation of the renograms in nephrotic syndrome in children are needed.
Pulmonary Hypertension, Hypereosinophilia and Filariasis
Authors: Madiyono Bambang , Kusmana Dede , Sonityo Otty W. , Rachman O.J.
Published: July 2017

Reports have been made on three cases of pulmonary hypertension, hypereosinophilia with filariasis as the possible cause. Considering the Indonesian geographical location, it would be reasonable enough to perform further studies on hypereosinophilia cases. The possibity of filarial infestation is to be taken also into consideration. This condition should be treated as soon as possible to prevent or to slow down the consequences of continuing cardiovascular changes.
The "Rose System" in Overcoming the Second Cholera Outbreak in Jakarta from May 25-30, 1976
Authors: Wiharta Adnan S. , Sutejo R.
Published: July 2017

1.a. During a short cholena outbreak in Jakarta frnom 25th May to 30th May, 1976, 70 children aged from 6 months to 13 years suffering from acute diarrhoea and dehydration, shock or pre-shock were admitted to the provisional Rehydnation Cetntre in the outpatient section of the Departmernt of Child Heatth, University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.b. None died.c. 71.9% of the stool specimens from 32 patients revealed Vibrio Cholera El Tor Ogawa type.2. The methodology used was the so-called "ROSE" system :a. Rehydration with ringer's lactate solution.b. Oralyte in boiled water given ad libi·tum.c. Oralyte solution and intravenous solution given Simultaneously.d. Education to the parents on the importance of giving oralyte solution ad libitum.3. This paper dealt with the second success of the Rose system in facing a cholera outbreak.
Death Due to Diarrhea: Before and After National Rehydration Program
Authors: Tumbelaka W.A.F.J. , Sunoto Sunoto
Published: July 2017

Diarrheal diseases still constitute one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesian children. The ertiology is multi-complex as in other developing countries. In 1974 a National Seminar on Rehydration was held in Jakarta and a rehydration program started with a standardized treatment of Ringer's Lactate and oral rehydration (ROSE SYSTEM). As a result the case fatality rate of diarrheal diseases has been dramatically reduced for for gastroenteritis and cholera.
Diarrhoeal Disease of Children in Indonesia
Authors: Sunoto Sunoto , Wiharta Adnan S. , Saroso J. Sulianti
Published: July 2017

Diarrhoeal disease in infants and children up till now is still becoming a major problem with its high morbidity and mortality. There are too many factors which can play a role in causing this disease. But by giving Oral-glucose electrolyte Solution as soon as possible the case fatality rate can be reduced as low as possible. Whereas decreasing the morbidity still needs a very long time, since it has very multi-complex factors i.e. socio-economic condition, environmental and personal hygiene and sanitation, life style of people, belief, etc. The study on epidemiology, the influence of improvement of environmental sanitation and socio-anthropology is still very few, besides there is no satisfactory vaccin produced to prevent this disease. Meanwhile the worse of the case is that there is a tendency of decreasing breast-feeding in the big cities and to substiotute it with bottle-feeding.
The Use of Icterometer in Assessing Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: Ruskandi M. , Garna H. , Alisjahbana A.
Published: July 2017

A study was made to assess neonatal jaundice by icterometer compared with serum bilirubin concentration, which was determined by Mercko photometric test, on 98 newborns with jaundice born in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, throughout October 1975 until March 1976. A good correlation between bilirubin concentration as determined by the icterometer and actual serum bilirubin concentration was found, so that the icterometer could be used in Indonesian newborns. None of the icterometer values grade 3 or less had actual serum bilirubin concentrations more than 15 mg.%, so that grade 3 or less did not necessarily require additional serum bilirubin determination. On the contrary 46.7% and 81.8% of newborns with icterometer values of grades 3½ and 4 respectively have bilirubin concentrations more than 15 mg.%. Therefore, grade 3½ or more required further photometric bilirubin determination with a view to possible treatment.
The Micro Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Among Chiidren of the Tobacco Plantation Laborers in North Sumatra
Authors: Napitupulu Anwar , Sembiring Rehmamana , Lubis Chairuddin P. , Manoeroen S.M. , Siregar Helena
Published: July 2017

Ninety-four children of the Tobacco Plantation Laborers of the PTP IX, aged between 2 months and 12 years, were investigated on erythrocyte sedimentation rate with the micro ESR method.
Risk Factors for the Development of Hyaline Membrane Disease in Preterm Infants
Authors: Sastroasmoro Sudigdo
Published: July 2017

Hyaline membrane disease (HMO) is a respiratory disease commonly found in preterm infants. While this disease occurs as the result of surfactant deficiency which is a function of gestational age, certain maternal and neonatal factors play a role in the development of the disorder. Preterm infants born at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, between, March 1997 and May 1998 were studied for the development of HMO. It was concluded that antepartum hemorrhage, gestational age, sex, mod of birth, and the first minute Apgar score were associated with the development of HMD, while the use of contraceptives, early rupture of the membrane, maternal morbidity, and passive cigarette smoking were not.
Approaches to active tourism in the Urals and in Perm Krai
Authors: Ziryanov Aleksander I. , Korolev Andriej Y. , Mishlavtceva Swietlana E. , Safarian Azat A.
Published: July 2017

Located in the south of Ural, Perm Krai, apart from mineral resources and well-developed industry, can boast vast areas that lend themselves to active and qualified tourism, with the quality of an amateur sport. The development of these forms of tourism often requires large expenditure needed for adjusting the space to various types of activity. It also requires a correlation between a given character of the space and the preferred form of tourism, which often leads to environmental conflicts between the development of tourism and nature protection. The article presents the most important elements of the tourism potential in Perm Krai, as well as the sports tourism development perspectives in the context of real and potential environmental conflicts.
Persisting inequality: A case of probabilistic drive towards divergence
Authors: Maialeh Robin
Published: July 2017

The aim of the study is to prove that agents organised by market forces tend to create and even more so deepen economic disparities over time. Empirical studies do not reliably describe the trend and causes of interpersonal global inequality in recent decades. Hence, the attention is turned to general economic theory with inspiration from Schumpeterian and neoclassical theories. The results indicate that pure market economy logic will tend to lead to multi-level divergence.
Geochemistry of Natural Gas Seepages in Boto Area, Bancak, Semarang, Central Java
Authors: Amijaya Hendra , Pameco Pracoyo Adi
Published: July 2017

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.2.61-70Three seepage gas samples collected from Boto Area, Bancak, Semarang, Central Java, were studied to determine their chemical characteristics using GC and GC-IRMS methods. They are composed 53 - 85% of methane predominantly. However, gas seep Site 3 sample has the highest N2 compound and the lesser extent to the samples Site 2 and Site 1 respectively. The two hydrocarbon gas seeps (Site 1, 2, and Site 3 samples) that are characterized by δ13C methane of -35.61‰ and -27.97‰, and values of δD methane of -112‰ and -109‰ respectively, are each isotopically distinct from all others suggesting, at least, they are derived from different maturity level. The Site 3 gas sample is suggested to be more mature than the others.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis Incorporating Monte Carlo Method in the Case of Adelaide Region
Authors: Setiawan Bambang
Published: July 2017

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.2.81-96A topic of seismic hazard analysis (SHA) is briefly elaborated. A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is commonly used to assess the ground motion level expected with different likelihood at a rock site during a future seismic event. The Incorporating Monte Carlo method into PSHA in an intraplate region (i.e. Adelaide region) is an interesting topic to explore. The result of the analysis using this method is able to characterize the likelihood of seismicity in a targeted region. Furthermore, the results clearly display the seismic ground motions in term of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity in Adelaide region. The de-aggregation of the analysis suggests two expected severe events for the Adelaide City. The first expected event is an earthquake M5.2 from a distance of 15 km and 25 km from the city. The second expected one corresponds to an earthquake M6.6 occurring 85 km away from the Adelaide City. However, the results of this analysis must be treated carefully due to dubious seismic data catalogue for a relatively large seismic event in Adelaide region.
Estudio y aplicación del biodiesel. El biodisel como alternativa para reducir las emisiones contaminantes en la ciudad de Cuenca
Authors: Chica Fernando , Espinoza Fernando
Published: July 2017

Estudio y aplicación del biodiesel. El biodisel como alternativa para reducir las emisiones contaminantes en la ciudad de Cuenca
REMLED I Robot escalador para mantenimiento y limpieza de edificios
Authors: Calle Eduardo , Ávila Israel , Zambrano Julio
Published: July 2017

Actualmente, el diseño de sistemas de locomoción de robots caminantes se ha derivado del estudio de sistemas biológicos, especialmente de animales terrestres comunes, en los cuales se observa un sistema de locomoción basado en eslabones y articulaciones denominadas patas.
What is EAP? — From Multiple Literacies to a Humanistic Paradigm Shift
Authors: Li Yulong
Published: July 2017

EAP researchers have proffered definitions of EAP; however, some of these are contradictory. Therefore, effectively defining the scope, aims, and pedagogy of EAP can prove problematic. This essay will extract the shared aspects from popular EAP approaches and then place them into the broader context of EAP development, language teaching and literacy history, and the changing history of the educational landscape. This will make it possible to thematise current EAP theories critically, to further defined the nature of EAP as a combination of multiple literacies, including academic literacy, disciplinary cultural literacy, critical literacy, and digital literacy. Without opportunities to experience the research process directly, the multiple literacies of EAP remain in the domain of classroom knowledge, failing to include preparation for the realities students will encounter when doing research. However, if EAP students, future academics, are well equipped with techniques for doing research and writing papers, but perform research to benefit themselves only, who will speak out for the needs of society? Therefore, in a Neo-liberalism influenced higher education society, EAP should not only be viewed as a utility but should stress the humanistic goals of academic research and the moral responsibilities of those who become academics. Current study suggests a theoretical and pedagogical shift bending towards humanistic EAP.
Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners' Vocabulary Inferencing Strategies: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yousefi Mohammad Hossein , Ahadzadeh Maryam
Published: July 2017

The present qualitative and interpretative study aims to investigate Iranian EFL learners' L2 vocabulary strategies. The distribution of strategy types and what factors contribute to the success of the inferencing strategies are the two main purposes of the study. Using think-aloud procedures with 15 Iranian EFL learners, the present study explored L2 learners' inferencing strategies and the relationship with their success. Sixteen types of inferential strategies were revealed to be employed by the participants and two types of inferences were identified: successful and less successful inferences. The results of the study are discussed in the light of the similar studies and the suggestions for future research are made. The study has a number of pedagogical implications for L2 research and practice, L2 teachers, syllabus designers, and educational psychology.
Translation of Persian Mystic Terms into English: A Case Study of Conference of the Birds by Attar
Authors: Khosroshahi Sadaf , Sedighi Ahmad
Published: July 2017

Translation of mystic terms or metaphors is a very important portion of rendering a text from a source language to a target language, because some of mystic terms do not exist in the target language and this point makes the translation harder. This paper aimed at identifying the translation strategies and procedures used by Darbandi and Davis (1984) in The Conference of the Birds of Attar Neishabouri. To achieve the objectives, Attar’s Persian original work (Shafiei Kadkani, 2010) was read carefully to extract mystical terms.  Then, the translated text by Darbandi, and Davis (1984) was carefully read and the corresponding English translations of Persian mystical term were found.  The original mystical terms and their Persian translation were analyzed based on Van Doorslaer’s (2007) map to find out translation strategies and procedures used by the translators on the one hand and indicate the dominant strategy and procedure in the whole work of translation on the other. The result showed that literal translation strategy (72.41%) was the most frequently used strategy and direct transfer procedure (68.96%) was the most frequently used procedure.  This paper may have some implications in literary translation and help translation instructors and translation trainees as well in translation classes.
An Investigation into the Effect of Individual Differences on Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions Concerning Professional Development Obstacles
Authors: Rahimi Sara
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study is to examine Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions of the professional development obstacles they face during their teaching career. A total of 50 Iranian EFL teachers at different language academy within a small city of Kangan, participated in this study. The following items were found to be most highly frequent among the participants of the current study: [“Observers’ visits are rare” for institutional professional development obstacles; (M= 3.91)], [“Some teachers cannot afford pursuing postgraduate studies” for self-directed professional development obstacles; (M= 4.76)], [“English language conferences in Iran are rare” for professional development obstacles related to the nature of the work; (M= 3.74)]. On the contrary, the following problems were found to be the least highly frequent ones the participants were facing during their professional development: [“Institute administration considers English less important than other languages”; (M= 3.04)], [“Some teachers always feel frustrated with most students”, (M= 2.97)], [“Teaching is a type of work that rapidly becomes routine” for professional development obstacles related to the nature of the work; (M= 2.85)]. Finally, no significant difference was found in teachers’ perceptions of professional development obstacles with regard to their academic qualification, ELT experience, gender, and age.
A Study on Chinese EFL Learning of English Pronunciation from the Perspective of Aesthetic Linguistics
Authors: Hu Fanghui
Published: July 2017

English phonetic learning, as the beginning of learning a foreign language, is of great importance in EFL learning. However, the present Chinese EFL learners’ phonetic learning is not satisfactory. Based on theories of aesthetic linguistics, this paper analyzes the aesthetic attributes of English pronunciation and intonation, including the beauty of sonority, rhyme, rhythm, intonation, and succession. And then pedagogical implications are proposed about how to raise EFL learners’ aesthetic consciousness and creation of English pronunciation.
The Application of Vague Language in International Business Negotiations from a Cross-cultural Perspective
Authors: Zhang Jing , Shi Yeli
Published: July 2017

in the environment of economic globalization, business negotiation becomes more and more frequent than ever. International business negotiation has a significant role in international business trade. There are many factors that can affect the negotiation, including language, culture, negotiators, and negotiation strategies. Language as an important tool plays a great role in the negotiation strategies. It is commonly held that precise language should be used in business negotiations in order to avoid misunderstanding. However, people ignore the fact that language itself is vague in essence. Negotiators unavoidably use vague language in business negotiations, for vague language can be used as a kind of politeness strategy. Appropriate use of vague language will make the negotiation go smoothly, and avoid the conflict of business negotiation so as to achieve the purpose of cooperation.
Reading Comprehension Questions in EFL Textbooks and Learners’ Levels
Authors: Adli Nayer , Mahmoudi Asgar
Published: July 2017

This study investigated the reading comprehension questions in EFL textbooks and their appropriateness to learners' levels. The data for the study were collected from four elementary and advanced level EFL textbooks containing 44 chapters altogether. A checklist was designed based on Bloom’s Taxonomy of reading comprehension questions to record the cognitive levels of the questions collected from the reading comprehension sections of the mentioned textbooks. To assess the significance of difference between each kind of the comprehension questions in elementary and advanced level textbooks, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. Results indicated that there are significant differences between the two proficiency levels in terms of question types in all categories except analysis and synthesis. To assess the overall proportions of question types in the textbooks and to see if they are different from each other, a Kruskal-Wallis and the follow up Mann-Whitney U tests were used which revealed significant differences between some pairs of categories of question types. It is believed that the results of this study can be useful to textbook writers and EFL teachers.