bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Consultation-Liaison Services in General Hospitals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effects on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Stein Barbara , Müller Markus M. , Meyer Lisa K. , Söllner Wolfgang ,   the CL Guidelines Working Group
Published: October 2019

Background: Psychiatric and psychosomatic consultation-liaison services (CL) are important providers of diagnosis and treatment for hospital patients with mental comorbidities and psychological burdens. Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effects of CL on depression and anxiety. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted until 2017. Included were published randomized controlled trials using CL interventions with adults in general hospitals, treatment as usual as control groups, and depression and/or anxiety as outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Level of integration was assessed using the Standard Framework for Levels of Integrated Healthcare. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects models and meta-regression for moderator effects. Results: We included 38 studies (9,994 patients). Risk of bias was high in 17, unclear in 15, and low in 6 studies. Studies were grouped by type of intervention: brief interventions tailored to the patients (8), interventions based on specific treatment manuals (19), and integrated, collaborative care (11). Studies showed small to medium effects on depression and anxiety. Meta-analyses for depression yielded a small effect (d = –0.19, 95% CI: –0.30 to –0.09) in manual studies and a small effect (d = –0.33, 95% CI: –0.53 to –0.13) in integrated, collaborative care studies, the latter using mostly active control groups with the possibility of traditional consultation. Conclusions: CL can provide a helpful first treatment for symptoms of depression and anxiety. Given that especially depressive symptoms in medically ill patients are long-lasting, the results underline the benefit of integrative approaches that respect the complexity of the illness.
Frequency of Common Copy-Number Variations at 15q11.2q13 in Sperm of Healthy Men
Authors: Kinoshita Takahiro , Mikami Masashi , Ayabe Tadayuki , Matsubara Keiko , Ono Hiromi , Ohki Kentaro , Fukami Maki , Katoh-Fukui Yuko
Published: October 2019

The genomic region at 15q11.2q13 represents a hotspot for copy-number variations (CNVs) due to nonallelic homologous recombination. Previous studies have suggested that the development of 15q11.2q13 deletions in sperm may be affected by seasonal factors because patients with Prader-Willi syndrome resulting from 15q11.2q13 deletions on paternally derived chromosomes showed autumn-dominant birth seasonality. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of 15q11.2q13 CNVs in sperm of healthy men and clarify the effects of various environmental factors, i.e., age, smoking status, alcohol intake, and season, on the frequency. Thirty volunteers were asked to provide semen samples and clinical information once in each season of a year. The rates of 15q11.2q13 CNVs were examined using 2-color FISH. The results were statistically analyzed using a generalized estimating equation with negative binomial distribution and a log link function. Consequently, informative data were obtained from 83 samples of 26 individuals. The rates of deletions and duplications ranged from 0.04 to 0.48% and from 0.08 to 0.30%, respectively. The rates were not correlated with the age, smoking status, or alcohol intake. Sperm produced in winter showed 1.2 to 1.4-fold high rates for both deletions and duplications as compared with sperm produced in the other seasons; however, there was no significant difference. These results demonstrate high and variable CNV rates at 15q11.2q13 in sperm of healthy men. These CNVs appear to occur independent of the age, smoking status, or alcohol intake, while the effect of season remains inconclusive. Our results merit further validation.
Single versus Multiple Level Sectioning for the Subtyping of Basal-Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: van Delft Lieke C.J. , Nelemans Patty J. , Abdul Hamid Myrurgia , Kelleners-Smeets Nicole W.J.
Published: October 2019

Background: The histological subtype of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) is often based on a punch biopsy; only a small part is evaluated, possibly leading to misclassification. Consensus on the optimal approach to process punch biopsies is lacking, though accurate subtyping is important for appropriate treatment. Objective: The aim is to investigate whether evaluating 4 levels of a punch biopsy instead of 1 or 2 levels leads to more accurate subtyping of BCC. Methods: In a retrospective study we evaluated 87 punch biopsies of histologically confirmed BCCs. The primary outcome was the proportion of “more aggressive” BCCs (nonsuperficial vs. superficial, infiltrative vs. nodular subtype) that was missed by evaluation on 1 or 2 levels, using 4-level diagnosis as reference standard. Results: Eighty-five cases were available for analysis. Subtyping based on 1 level resulted in discrepancies with 4-level diagnosis in 16.5% of all cases. Underdiagnosis occurred in 14 of 58 nonsuperficial BCCs (24.1%, 95% CI: 13.9–37.2). Seven of 38 nodular BCCs (18.4%, 95% CI: 7.74–34.3) were diagnosed as superficial in 1 level, and 7 of 20 infiltrative BCCs (35%, 95% CI: 15.4–59.2) were diagnosed as superficial (n = 2) or nodular (n = 5) in 1 level. Conclusion: In order to maximize correct subtyping and plan appropriate treatment, we advise to evaluate at least 2, but preferably more, levels of a punch biopsy to determine the BCC subtype.
Effects of Glutathione Transferase-Targeting Nitrobenzoxadiazole Compounds in Relation to PD-L1 Status in Human Melanoma Cells
Authors: Sciarretta Francesca , Fulci Chiara , Palumbo Camilla , Rotili Dante , Tentori Lucio , Graziani Grazia , Caccuri Anna Maria
Published: October 2019

Background: PD-L1 is a membrane protein with inhibitory effects on immune responses, whose expression has been correlated with high aggressiveness and the propensity of melanoma to metastasize. The nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) NBDHEX and its analog MC3181 are endowed with strong antitumor activity towards melanoma and a significant ability to reduce its adhesion and invasiveness. Therefore, we investigated whether PD-L1 status could affect cell sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of NBDs. We then evaluated the effects of NBDHEX on PD-L1 expression and autophagy in melanoma cells. We used the BRAF-mutated A375 melanoma cell line and an A375 variant population enriched for PD-L1+ cells as a model. The cytotoxic effects of NBDs were evaluated in comparison to those of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Methods: The effect of NBDHEX on autophagy was determined by measuring LC3-II and p62 protein levels by Western blot. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay. PD-L1 expression and plasma membrane localization were analyzed by FACS and Western blot analysis. Results: NBDHEX behaves as a late-autophagy inhibitor in A375 melanoma cells, as previously found in other tumor cell lines. NBDHEX and MC3181 showed strong and comparable cytotoxic activity in both parental and PD-L1+ A375 cells, with IC50 values in the sub-micromolar range. Conversely, cells sorted for high PD-L1 expression had lower sensitivity to both the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. NBDHEX treatment did not change the total expression and cell surface localization of PD-L1 in both parental and PD-L1+ A375 cells. Conclusions: Our data suggest that NBDs may represent a promising treatment strategy for melanoma with elevated PD-L1 expression.
УРАХУВАННЯ КАР’ЄРНИХ ПРАГНЕНЬ ТА ІНШИХ МЕДИКО-СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ЧИННИКІВ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ІНТЕРЕСУ СТУДЕНТІВ-МЕДИКІВ ДО ГРОМАДСЬКОЇ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Kriachkova L. V. , Lekhan V. M. , Krotova L. V.
Published: October 2019

Мета: вивчити кар’єрні орієнтації студентів–медиків і чинників що на них впливають, для визначення шляхів підвищення інтересу майбутніх лікарів до громадської охорони здоров’я. Матеріали і методи. Проведено соціологічне та психодіагностичне обстеження серед 163 студентів-медиків I–IV курсів навчання ДЗ «Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України» із застосуванням методик: «Якір кар’єри» Е. Шейна в адаптації А. А. Жданович; багатофакторного опитувальника емпатії М. Davis, (1983) в адаптації Т. Д. Карягиної та Н. В. Кухтової, (2016) та методики Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров’я (ВООЗ) вивчення якості життя, пов’язаної зі здоров’ям (ЯЖ) за 8-ма запитаннями (ВООЗ ЯЖ-8). Конфіденційність інформації була захищена деперсоніфікацією ідентифікаторів студентів. Статистичний аналіз, що включав методи описової та аналітичної статистики, здійснювали за допомогою STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., серійний № AGAR909E415822FA). Результати. Дослідження показало, що питаннями планування власної кар’єри опікується половина з опитаних та їх частка закономірно зростає з віком  і курсом навчання. Серед кар’єрних орієнтацій студентів-медиків домінує націленість на інтеграцію стилів життя – спосіб життя, який гармонійно поєднує інтереси сім’ї, кар’єри та саморозвитку (24,5 %), за ним слідує стабільність місця роботи (23,9 %) та служіння на користь людям (22,7 %). Для третини обстежених характерною є орієнтація на вертикальну чи горизонтальну кар’єру. Не виявлено розбіжностей у кар’єрних прагненнях за віком та статтю. Одними із чинників, що впливають на формування кар’єрних прагнень, є емпатія студентів та їх якість життя, яка, у свою чергу, формується переважно за рахунок навколишнього середовища. Більшість опитаних оцінила власну якість життя як середню та добру (78,8 %). Меншою мірою студенти задоволені соціальними взаємозв’язками (49,1 % позитивних оцінок). Частка студентів із рівнем емпатії вище середнього становила для когнітивної складової 43,6 %, для емоційної – 41,7 %. Виявлено множинні кореляційні зв’язки між емпатичними характеристиками, сферами якості життя, кар’єрними якорями студентів та іншими чинниками. Висновки. Під час навчального процесу у вищих медичних навчальних закладах доцільно запроваджувати підходи, спрямовані на підвищення обізнаності та залучення студентів до громадської охорони здоров’я. Це вимагає стратегій активного навчання, на кшталт спеціальних груп інтересів (гуртків), текстових та фото есе, паралельної підготовки студентів як за програмою магістра медицини, так і за програмою магістра громадського здоров’я.
Planejamento estratégico situacional em uma instituição psiquiátrica
Authors: Lima Francisca Fabiana Fernandes , Alencar Nadyelle Elias Santos , Fernandes Márcia Astrês , Moura Elaine Cristina Carvalho , Silva-Júnior Fernando José Guedes da
Published: October 2019

OBJETIVO: aplicar o Planejamento Estratégico Situacional no serviço de enfermagem de uma instituição psiquiátrica.MÉTODO: pesquisa-ação em um hospital psiquiátrico do Nordeste Brasileiro, no período de dezembro/2015 a junho/2016, com a participação de 34 profissionais de enfermagem. Realizadas entrevistas e reuniões, as quais foram gravadas, transcritas e procedida análise de conteúdo.RESULTADOS: os problemas prioritários foram dimensionamento inadequado de pessoal, insegurança, falhas no gerenciamento de recursos materiais e déficit no cuidado integral prestado. Além disso, houve dificuldades para implementação - baixa governabilidade, comunicação deficiente e desmotivação profissional.CONCLUSÃO: o planejamento estratégico situacional é útil para o delineamento das ações em saúde mental e sua eficácia depende do comprometimento dos atores envolvidos.
Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas por estudantes de escolas públicas da cidade do Recife-PE
Authors: Aquino Jael Maria de , Teixeira Kenned Da Silva , Silva Darine Marie Rodrigues da , Xavier Raquel De Figueiredo , Medeiros Silvia Elizabeth Gomes de , Falcão Viviane Tannuri Ferreira Lima
Published: October 2019

OBJETIVO: analisar o consumo de álcool entre adolescentes das escolas públicas na cidade do Recife-PE.MÉTODO: trata-se de uma pesquissa descritiva, exploratória de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida em três escolas públicas estaduais da cidade do Recife-PE, com a população composta por escolares de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 12 a 17 anos.RESULTADOS: o estudo identificou fatores de risco que influenciam o consumo de álcool entre os escolares entrevistados, destacando-se as variáveis idade, reprovação escolar e número de pessoas com quem mora.CONCLUSÃO: sugere-se que haja o fortalecimento de práticas de educação em saúde através de parcerias entre escola e Unidade de Saúde da Família local por meio do Programa de Saúde na Escola (PSE), que estimulem práticas favoráveis à saúde.
Endothelial Response to Pathophysiological Stress
Authors: Peng Zekun , Shu Bingyan , Zhang Yurong , Wang Miao
Published: October 2019

Located in the innermost layer of the vasculature and directly interacting with blood flow, endothelium integrates various biochemical and biomechanical signals to maintain barrier function with selective permeability, vascular tone, blood fluidity, and vascular formation. Endothelial cells respond to laminar and disturbed flow by structural and functional adaption, which involves reprogramming gene expression, cell proliferation and migration, senescence, autophagy and cell death, as well as synthesizing signal molecules (nitric oxide and prostanoids, etc) that act in manners of autocrine, paracrine, or juxtacrine. Inflammation occurs after infection or tissue injury. Dysregulated inflammatory response participates in pathogenesis of many diseases. Endothelial cells exposed to inflammatory stimuli from the circulation or the microenvironment exhibit impaired vascular tone, increased permeability, elevated procoagulant activity, and dysregulated vascular formation, collectively contributing to the development of vascular diseases. Understanding the endothelial response to pathophysiological stress of hemodynamics and inflammation provides mechanistic insights into cardiovascular diseases, as well as therapeutic opportunities.
Pacemaker Implantation and Dependency After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in the REPRISE III Trial
Authors: Meduri Christopher U. , Kereiakes Dean J. , Rajagopal Vivek , Makkar Raj R. , O'Hair Daniel , Linke Axel , Waksman Ron , Babliaros Vasilis , Stoler Robert C. , Mishkel Gregory J. , Rizik David G. , Iyer Vijay S. , Schindler John , Allocco Dominic J. , Meredith Ian T. , Feldman Ted E. , Reardon Michael J.
Published: October 2019

Background

As transcatheter aortic valve replacement expands to younger and/or lower risk patients, the long‐term consequences of permanent pacemaker implantation are a concern. Pacemaker dependency and impact have not been methodically assessed in transcatheter aortic valve replacement trials. We report the incidence and predictors of pacemaker implantation and pacemaker dependency after transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the Lotus valve.

Methods and Results

A total of 912 patients with high/extreme surgical risk and symptomatic aortic stenosis were randomized 2:1 (Lotus:CoreValve) in
REPRISE III
(The Repositionable Percutaneous Replacement of Stenotic Aortic Valve through Implantation of Lotus Valve System—Randomized Clinical Evaluation) trial. Systematic assessment of pacemaker dependency was pre‐specified in the trial design. Pacemaker implantation within 30 days was more frequent with Lotus than CoreValve. By multivariable analysis, predictors of pacemaker implantation included baseline right bundle branch block and depth of implantation; diabetes mellitus was also a predictor with Lotus. No association between new pacemaker implantation and clinical outcomes was found. Pacemaker dependency was dynamic (30 days: 43%; 1 year: 50%) and not consistent for individual patients over time. Predictors of pacemaker dependency at 30 days included baseline right bundle branch block, female sex, and depth of implantation. No differences in mortality or stroke were found between patients who were pacemaker dependent or not at 30 days. Rehospitalization was higher in patients who were not pacemaker dependent versus patients without a pacemaker or those who were dependent.

Conclusions

Pacemaker implantation was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Most patients with a new pacemaker at 30 days were not dependent at 1 year. Mortality and stroke were similar between patients with or without pacemaker dependency and patients without a pacemaker.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/
. Unique identifier
NCT
02202434.
Die Rollenpsychologie als heutige Aufgabe der Religionspsychologie
Authors: Sundén Hjalmar
Published: October 2019

Die operationale Definitionsweise; Umsetzung nominell beschriebener Typenbegriffe in operational beschriebene und die Transformation von Typologien in Systeme von Faktoren.
Vitamin C Fast Action Tablets by Doctor's Formulas' Food Supplements: Evaluation of Matrix Properties
Authors: Vlachou Marilena , Siamidi Angeliki , Pippa Natassa , Fikioris Nikolaos
Published: October 2019

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a diet dependent vitamin that promotes antioxidation though free radical scavenging and electron donation, has anti-inflammatory properties, supports growth of healthy immune cells and enhances bioavailability of iron in hemoglobin. Vitamin C as a food supplement
is commercially available in many forms like immediate/extended release, effervescent and chewable tablets. Its absorption from a solid dosage form after oral administration depends on the release of the active ingredient from the product under physiological conditions and the permeability
across the gastrointestinal tract. Generally, immediate release formulations provide rapid drug absorption and consequently a quick onset of the therapeutic effect. The aim of this study was to examine whether the physicochemical properties of the excipients, present in the solid pharmaceutical
formulation under study, promote a synergistic interaction with the stereoelectronic features of ascorbic acid, so that the latter is released into the gastric-like dissolution environment in 30 minutes, thus ensuring fast onset of action. Vitamin C fast action tablets by Doctor's Formulas'
Food Supplements were evaluated regarding their tablets' properties. Uniformity of tablets regarding their weight, thickness, friability, hardness, disintegration and dissolution was achieved. The careful choice of the appropriate type and quantity of excipients (calcium phosphate, corn starch,
silicon dioxide, maltodextrin and magnesium stearate) in the tablet formulation, along with the application of the suitable compression force, ensures right handling/packaging and safe transportation. Moreover the disintegration time as well as the dissolution profile matched the requirements
needed for immediate release formulations.
Synthesis of Magnetic Hydrogels for Target Delivery of Doxorubicin
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Bisht Gunjan , Siddiqui Nazia , Masroor Sheerin , Mehtab Sameena , Zaidi M. G. H.
Published: October 2019

Magnetic hydrogels are the stimuli responsive polymeric networks with potential applications in protein purification, cell separation and target drug delivery. In the present investigation, efforts are made on synthesis and characterization of magnetic hydrogels from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
for onwards application in target delivery of an anticancer drug Doxorubicin. Formation of reaction products was ascertained through diversified spectral methods. Ultraviolet spectra reveal in vitro biocompatibility of Doxorubicin that imparts sustained delivery up to 72 hrs at pH 7.2
± 0.2 under ambient conditions. The present investigation provides an inexpensive method of synthesis of magnetic hydrogels suitable for magnetically derived delivery of anticancer drugs.
Quality Improvement Intervention for Universal Lipid Screening in Children Aged 9 to 11 Years
Authors: Stipelman Carole H. , Stoddard Gregory J. , Smith Elizabeth R. , Bell Jamie J. , Sivaloganathan Vasee , Liu Diane , Goldman-Luthy Jennifer A. , Nguyen Quang-Tuyen , Rivero Andrea , Burgi Jennifer R. , Young Paul C.
Published: October 2019

We performed a quality improvement intervention to increase universal lipid screening in well-child visits (age 9 to 11 years): 12-month preintervention; phase 1 (8 months) with provider education, group monthly chart review with feedback, and electronic health record cues to order lipids; and phase 2 (16 months) with electronic health record cues and examination room phlebotomy. Outcomes were compared with clinics having no intervention. In phase 1, immediate treatment effect on the regression line for provider behavior (proportion of visits with lipids ordered) showed 34% increase in intervention and 7% decrease in comparison clinics; patient behavior (phlebotomy completed) showed 19% increase in intervention and 5% decrease in comparison clinics. At the beginning of phase 2, the intervention clinic had average 44% orders entered and 33% phlebotomy completed per well-child visit, and these proportions were maintained. Provider education and chart review with feedback were associated with the greatest gains in outcomes.
Organizing the sensory: Ear-work, panauralism and sonic agency on a forensic psychiatric unit
Authors: Brown Steven D , Kanyeredzi Ava , McGrath Laura , Reavey Paula , Tucker Ian
Published: October 2019

How are relations of care and security between hospital staff and patients organized through sound? This article argues that a shifting distinction between meaningful sound and noise is fundamental to the lived experience of immersion in an organizational acoustic environment. Based around a qualitative study of listening practices and ‘ear-work’ at a medium-secure forensic psychiatric hospital, using interview and photo-production methods, the article positions the organizing of the sensory as central to formal organization. Analysis of empirical material demonstrates how the refinement of key listening practices is critical to the ways in which staff and patients orient to the hospital setting. It also details how the design process for the unit has undermined the capacity to manage and control through sound, or ‘panauralism’, rendering it as a reversible and contested struggle to make sense of the acoustic environment, and describes the attempts by patients to create alternative acoustic spaces and exercise ‘sonic agency’. We contend that ‘acoustic organizational research’ offers an experience-near means of mapping organizational space and power relations and invites a renewed questioning of the role of the sensory as form of organizing in itself.
Design and development of the optical control network active phased array radar
Authors: P Kamaraj , R Jagadeesh Kannan
Published: October 2019

Active phased array radars for the atmospheric research have various advantages such as full beam agility in 360°, improved signal-to-noise ratio and improved sensitivity. These radars have distributed transmit–receive modules feeding to the individual antenna system in the antenna array field. In order to control and monitor the field-located transmit–receive modules from centralized radar controller which will be located few hundred meters away from the field, control signals plays an important role in controlling the radar subsystems. Earlier generation radars used electrical cables to transfer such type of signals, where signal speed and bandwidth are limited. In addition, the electromagnetic interference also affects the transmit and receiving signals. To overcome these problems, a new technical approach has been developed over optical interface for active phased array radar. In this paper, we present the design and development of the optical control signal network for 53 MHz active phased array radar. The design details, component selection and the link budget calculations are explained in detail and the test results are provided.
Tensile properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene single yarns at different strain rates
Authors: Wang Hongxu , Hazell Paul J , Shankar Krishna , Morozov Evgeny V , Jovanoski Zlatko , Brown Andrew D , Li Zongjun , Escobedo-Diaz Juan P
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the details of experimental work on characterising the tensile properties of UHMWPE (Spectra® 1000) single yarns at different strain rates from 3.3 × 10−5 to 400/s. According to the measured stress–strain curves, there was a transition from ductile to brittle behaviour as the strain rate increased from 3.3 × 10−5 to 0.33/s; the tensile properties were highly sensitive to strain rate in this range. Specifically, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus increased distinctly with increasing strain rate while the failure strain and toughness decreased. However, these tensile properties were not dependent on strain rate over the range from 0.33 to 400/s. The results showed that the measured tensile strength, failure strain and Young’s modulus were independent of the tested gauge lengths (25 and 50 mm). Moreover, yarn type (warp and weft) had a noticeable effect on tensile strength, but the effect of yarn type on failure strain and Young’s modulus was negligible. The microscopic examination of fractured fibres’ ends revealed that fibrillation and axial splitting were the dominant fracture modes at low strain rates, while the fibres failed in a more brittle manner with little fibrillation at high strain rates.
Values Predict Willingness to Interact With Immigrants: The Role of Cultural Ideology and Multicultural Acquisition
Authors: See Ya Hui Michelle , Lim Aaron Wei Qiang , Pauketat Janet V. T.
Published: October 2019

As globalization advances, immigration has increasingly been contested. Psychological studies of immigration, which are frequently conducted in Western contexts, have established a link between attitudes toward immigrants and individual values. In two studies, the present research investigates this link between values and favorability toward immigrants in an Asian nation with a high proportion of immigrants, Singapore, and considers differences in cultural ideologies and multicultural acquisition, based on the assumption that cultural ideologies and multicultural acquisition share broader underlying motivations with self-transcendence (growth and anxiety-free) and conservation values (protection and anxiety-avoidance). In Study 1, the cultural ideologies of multiculturalism and color blindness, as reified in the Singapore context, explained how self-transcendence and conservation values predict willingness to interact with immigrants. Greater support for multiculturalism mediated the positive relationship between self-transcendence values and favorability toward immigrants. Lower support for color blindness mediated the negative relationship between conservation values and favorability toward immigrants. In Study 2, experimentally induced self-transcendence and conservation values interacted with multicultural acquisition to affect willingness to interact with immigrants. Self-transcendence increased favorability toward immigrants for people with greater multicultural acquisition. Conservation decreased favorability toward immigrants for people with less multicultural acquisition. This research has implications for demonstrating that the cultural context matters for addressing how and among whom to improve intercultural contact in diverse, globalized societies.
Sensitivity analysis of heat dissipation factors in a hot oil pipeline based on orthogonal experiments
Authors: Xu Ying , Nie Xin , Liu Xiao-Yan , Cheng Qinglin , Liu Yang , Dai Zhonghua
Published: October 2019

The study of phase-change heat-transfer characteristics of crude oil has been one of the hot issues in the field of gathering and transportation. The process of phase-change heat transfer of crude oil involves many complicated problems such as natural convection treatment, latent heat treatment, phase-change interface determination and fluid characteristic change. A mathematical model based on the additional capacity heat method is proposed in this article, and the momentum equations of crude oil liquid phase are presented for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different factors on the heat transfer performance during the shutdown process of an overhead pipe. Experiments were conducted to verify the model and the solution method; the experimental and model results showed good agreement with a maximum relative error of 4.57%. The temperature fields and solidification conditions of crude oil in pipelines under different shutdown conditions were determined, and the sensitivity of the main effect factors was determined through an orthogonal experiment. The results show that the order of influence was oil initial temperature >thickness of insulating layer >air temperature >thickness of wax layer. The results of the study have important guiding significance on the control of shutdown time and the determination of restarting schemes.
Development of fabrics by digital light processing three-dimensional printing technology and using a polyurethane acrylate photopolymer
Authors: Kim Seul Gi , Song Ji Eun , Kim Hye Rim
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to produce fabrics by the digital light processing (DLP) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and using a polyurethane acrylate photopolymer as the printing material. The effect of the acrylate oligomer concentration on printing was evaluated. The DLP 3D printing conditions, such as the curing time and layer thickness, were controlled considering the physical properties, such as the tensile strength, elongation, and crease recovery of the 3D printed material. The optimal printing conditions were as follows: concentration of acrylate oligomer in the photopolymer: 10% (v/v); curing time per layer: 14 s; and layer thickness: 100 µm. These results are expected to guide further studies on the development of fabrics using DLP 3D printing technology.
Youth Civic Action Across the United States: Projects, Priorities, and Approaches
Authors: Gustafson Elena , Cohen Alison K. , Andes Sarah
Published: October 2019

Youth civic engagement is relatively low in the United States. However, when students are involved in an action civics class (like Generation Citizen), they enthusiastically take action on a wide variety of topics. To systematically assess what issues youth are interested in, we analyzed administrative data from 1,651 action projects conducted by students in Generation Citizen classes across the United States from fall 2012 through fall 2017. We found that the most common issues of interest were related to safety and violence or schooling. Over one quarter of projects tackled issues of trauma, and a similar proportion tackled issues of equity. This exploratory study helps reveal what urban youth in Generation Citizen classes around the county view as of civic interest and important to them. We encourage future researchers and practitioners to further document youth voice regarding civic action as we seek to understand and lift up young people’s unique insights.
Personifying Destinations: A Personal Values Approach
Authors: Ye Sheng , Lee Julie A. , Sneddon Joanne N. , Soutar Geoffrey N.
Published: October 2019

In this article, we examine whether tourists ascribe value priorities to destinations in a way that is consistent with the structure of the Schwartz theory of human values. In study 1, we test a new measure of destination values to elicit tourists’ perceptions of the values of a recent memorable holiday destination and whether these values reflect their holiday experiences. In study 2, we use the same measure to elicit tourists’ perceptions of four popular international destinations (London, New York, Paris, and Bangkok) and examine whether person–destination values congruence influences visit intentions. Across both studies we show that tourists’ perceptions of a destination’s values share a common structure consistent with values theory, but they differ widely in the value priorities they ascribe to destinations. We also found that destination values reflect tourist’s value-expressive holiday experiences and that self-congruity was associated with intentions to visit a destination.
Tracking control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles incorporating disturbance observer and model predictive approach
Authors: Zhang Boyang , Sun Xiuxia , Liu Shuguang , Deng Xiongfeng
Published: October 2019

This paper studies the disturbance observer-based model predictive control approach to deal with the unmanned aerial vehicle formation flight with unknown disturbances. The distributed control problem for a class of multiple unmanned aerial vehicle systems with reference trajectory tracking and disturbance rejection is formulated. Firstly, a local distributed controller is designed by using the model predictive control method to achieve stable tracking, where the local optimization problem is solved by an adaptive differential evolution algorithm. Then, a feedforward compensation controller is introduced by using a disturbance observer to estimate and compensate disturbances, and improve the ability of anti-interference. Besides, the stability of the proposed composite controller is analyzed as well. Finally, the simulation examples are provided to illustrate the validity of proposed control structure.
Exploring the strategy of government: A statecraft assessment of Angela Merkel’s chancellorship from 2005 to 2017
Authors: Schnee Christian
Published: October 2019

As chancellor Angela Merkel is on course to tie with Helmut Kohl as the longest serving democratically elected German head of government, it is time to attempt an initial assessment of the first 12 years of her chancellorship from 2005 to 2017 which left its marks both on German politics and European affairs. Bulpitt’s statecraft model is applied to evaluate the chancellor’s performance and to judge both achievements and shortcomings of Merkel’s incumbency. The theoretical approach chosen provides a scaffolding to direct the research which casts particular attention on four descriptive categories that help condition judgements of a leader’s success and failure and take into consideration attitude and behaviour of elites within the system whose actions and degree of allegiance may have advanced or constrained Merkel’s leadership. The findings suggest a mixed record that portrays Merkel as an efficient operator whose clout hinged on a firm grip on the CDU (Christian Democratic Union) apparatus and effective management of the parliamentary party. Yet even at the apex of her power, Merkel did not achieve or seek argument hegemony in the public discourse.
AQUALOC: An underwater dataset for visual–inertial–pressure localization
Authors: Ferrera Maxime , Creuze Vincent , Moras Julien , Trouvé-Peloux Pauline
Published: October 2019

We present a new dataset, dedicated to the development of simultaneous localization and mapping methods for underwater vehicles navigating close to the seabed. The data sequences composing this dataset are recorded in three different environments: a harbor at a depth of a few meters, a first archeological site at a depth of 270 meters, and a second site at a depth of 380 meters. The data acquisition is performed using remotely operated vehicles equipped with a monocular monochromatic camera, a low-cost inertial measurement unit, a pressure sensor, and a computing unit, all embedded in a single enclosure. The sensors’ measurements are recorded synchronously on the computing unit and 17 sequences have been created from all the acquired data. These sequences are made available in the form of ROS bags and as raw data. For each sequence, a trajectory has also been computed offline using a structure-from-motion library in order to allow the comparison with real-time localization methods. With the release of this dataset, we wish to provide data difficult to acquire and to encourage the development of vision-based localization methods dedicated to the underwater environment. The dataset can be downloaded from: http://www.lirmm.fr/aqualoc/
Recent advances in myocardial regeneration strategy
Authors: Sheng Kai , Nie Yu , Gao Bingren
Published: October 2019

This review described the current status of research into the regeneration potential of myocardial cells after myocardial injury, focussing on possible mechanisms of regeneration and the application of animal models to human biology, all with the aim of evaluating any novel approaches to the regeneration of human cardiomyocytes. A literature review was undertaken of the PubMed® and The Cochrane Library databases using the search terms ‘regeneration’, ‘heart regeneration’, ‘cardiac regeneration’, ‘proliferation’, ‘animal model’, ‘repair’ and ‘myocardial cell injury’ in English language publications only. The search covered publications between 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2017. The cardiac regeneration capability significantly differed among different species. In lower vertebrates, such as zebrafish, cardiomyocytes possess a sustained regeneration capacity under specific conditions. In mammalian animals, such as mice, the cardiomyocytes retain a regeneration capability under specific conditions, which gradually declines. Inflammation, non-coding RNA, gene regulatory elements, signal transduction and cell phenotype transformation play pivotal roles in cardiomyocyte regeneration. Myocardial regeneration appears to be a viable repair strategy for cardiomyocyte loss, which deserves further research in order to validate its clinical applicability in humans.
Typical ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries: a case report
Authors: Rao Ying , Wang Yu , Sun Huang , Chen Wei , Song Wenjuan , Ma Xuejuan , Liu Liping , Gu Ying , Sun Yue , Zhao Yue
Published: October 2019

Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a potentially multipathogenic syndrome that affects a subgroup of patients who present with acute myocardial infarction yet have no significant coronary artery disease on angiography. We herein describe a 71-year-old man with typical angina who showed inferior ST-segment elevation on electrocardiography and an increased troponin-I level. Emergency coronary angiography showed no angiographic stenosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) were performed after coronary angiography. Good consistency was observed between the CMR findings and MCE with 2D-STI findings in identifying the potential causes of MINOCA. We explored an imaging method that is potentially more effective and accurate than CMR, namely MCE combined with 2D-STI, to identify myocardial abnormalities when angiography reveals no obstruction. This application of MCE with 2D-STI may optimize timely treatment. MINOCA has various causes, and the patient in this case was discharged with aspirin, verapamil, and atorvastatin on the presumption that the infarct had arisen from either plaque disruption or coronary spasm. In this study, we analyzed the etiology, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of MINOCA with reference to the relevant literature.
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 enhances the migration and chemotaxis of dental mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ma Huarui , Duan Shaoyu , Yan Fei , Yang Haoqing , Cao Yangyang , Ge Lihua , Gao Runtao
Published: October 2019

Objective

To investigate the function of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in the migration and chemotaxis of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Methods

The expression of EZH2, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11), CXCL16, and CXCR1 in stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) was determined by real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. The effects of EZH2 on the homing of SCAPs and the effects of EZH2-overexpressing SCAP culture supernatant on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were tested by scratch migration assays and transwell chemotaxis assays.

Results

EZH2 overexpression significantly enhanced the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and upregulated the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1 in SCAPs. EZH2 depletion had the opposite effect, impairing the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and downregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. The culture supernatant of EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs advanced the migration and chemotaxis of PDLSCs.

Conclusions

EZH2 evidently promoted the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs by upregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. Moreover, EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs enhanced the homing, migration, and chemotaxis of PDLSCs via paracrine signaling.
ErbB2 Copy Number Aberration in Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Detected by a Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay
Authors: Sakai Kosei , Maeda Shingo , Saeki Kohei , Yoshitake Ryohei , Goto-Koshino Yuko , Nakagawa Takayuki , Nishimura Ryohei , Yonezawa Tomohiro , Matsuki Naoaki
Published: October 2019

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common tumor affecting the urinary bladder of dogs. Protein overexpression of ErbB2 (the canine homolog of HER2) has been observed in dogs with UC. However, no study regarding ErbB2 copy number aberration (CNA) is reported in dogs with UC. In this study, a digital PCR assay for detecting CNA of canine ErbB2 was developed. DNA samples were isolated from 83 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded urinary bladder tissues (36 UC, 8 polypoid cystitis, and 39 normal) and 94 urinary sediments (54 UC, 30 nonneoplastic, and 10 normal). The copy number of canine chromosome 8 ( CFA8) was used as a control. In the urinary bladder tissues, ErbB2 CNA was detected in 12 of 36 (33%) UC, 2 of 8 (25%) polypoid cystitis, and 0 of 39 (0%) normal controls. In the urinary sediments, ErbB2 CNA was also detected in 19 of 54 (35%) UC; however, no ErbB2 CNA was detected in nonneoplastic diseases or normal controls. The sensitivity and specificity of ErbB2 CNA in urinary sediment for the detection of UC were 35% and 100%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the copy number ratios of ErbB2 to CFA8 in the urinary bladder tissues and urinary sediments. Our findings indicate that the digital PCR assay of urinary sediments may be a useful, noninvasive method for detecting ErbB2 CNA in dogs with UC.
Music-like stimuli affect the emotional processing of words and facial expressions
Authors: Ignacio Daniel Andre , Gerkens David R , Aguinaldo Erick Ryan , Arch Dina , Barajas Ruben
Published: October 2019

The present study used the affective priming paradigm to understand interference and facilitation effects of cross-modal emotional interactions; specifically, the ability for five-chord progressions to affect processing efficiency of visual targets. Twenty-five-chord progressions were selected based on the degree that they fulfilled participants’ automatically formulated expectations of how each musical sequence should sound. The current study is an extension of previous research that revealed the influence of music-like stimuli on the identification of valence in emotional words. The potential of music-like stimuli to affect emotional processing, as measured by the efficiency of valence categorization, was assessed across two experiments. Experiment 1 presented word-targets, whereas Experiment 2 presented facial expressions. The processing of words and faces primed with affectively congruent chord-progressions was facilitated, whereas the processing of words primed with affectively incongruent chord-progressions was not. Incongruent pairings with faces engendered interference effects and the second experiment revealed a predictive relationship between behavioral processing speed and self-ratings of anxiety. The processing of word-targets was compared to facial expressions in the presence and absence of music. The results suggest that short musical sequences influence individuals’ emotional processing, which could inform intervention research into how to attenuate potential attention biases.
PD-L1 and PD-1 expressed in trigeminal ganglia may inhibit pain in an acute migraine model
Authors: Shi Suming , Han Yuhang , Wang Dan , Guo Ping , Wang Jiali , Ren Tongli , Wang Wuqing
Published: October 2019

Background

Neurogenic inflammation, mediated by the activation of primary neurons, is thought to be an important factor in migraine pathophysiology. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can suppress the immune response through the Programmed cell death-1 receptor. However, the role of PD-L1/PD-1 in migraine remains unclear. In this study we evaluated the expression and role of PD-L1/PD-1 in the trigeminal ganglia in an animal model of acute migraine.

Methods

Acute nitroglycerin induces acute mechanical hyperalgesia that can be used as a readout of migraine-like pain. We investigated the expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 in the trigeminal ganglia in a mouse model by means of immunofluorescence labeling, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. We explored the effects of PD-1 in a migraine model by the von Frey test and by analyzing the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV4) after the intravenous injection of a PD-1 inhibitor.

Results

PD-L1 and PD-1 immunoreactivity were present in healthy trigeminal ganglia neurons. The mRNA levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 were significantly elevated 2 h, 4 h and 6 h after acute nitroglycerin treatment ( p < 0.05). The protein levels of PD-L1 were significantly increased 2 h, 4 h and 6 h after treatment, and PD-1 was significantly increased at 2 h and 6 h. The blockade of PD-1 increased acute nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia, and this effect was accompanied by a more significant increase in calcitonin gene-related peptide, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18 in the trigeminal ganglia.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that PD-L1 and PD-1 might inhibit migraine-like pain by downregulating CGRP and inflammatory factors in the trigeminal ganglia. The use of PD-L1 and PD-1 as analgesics should be further studied.