bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional crosstalk between the cohesin loader and chromatin remodelers
Authors: Muñoz Sofía , Jones Andrew , Bouchoux Céline , Gilmore Tegan , Patel Harshil , Uhlmann Frank
Published: December 2022

The cohesin complex participates in many structural and functional aspects of genome organization. Cohesin recruitment onto chromosomes requires nucleosome-free DNA and the Scc2-Scc4 cohesin loader complex that catalyzes topological cohesin loading. Additionally, the cohesin loader facilitates promoter nucleosome clearance in a yet unknown way, and it recognizes chromatin receptors such as the RSC chromatin remodeler. Here, we explore the cohesin loader-RSC interaction. Amongst multi-pronged contacts by Scc2 and Scc4, we find that Scc4 contacts a conserved patch on the RSC ATPase motor module. The cohesin loader directly stimulates in vitro nucleosome sliding by RSC, providing an explanation how it facilitates promoter nucleosome clearance. Furthermore, we observe cohesin loader interactions with a wide range of chromatin remodelers. Our results provide mechanistic insight into how the cohesin loader recognizes, as well as influences, the chromatin landscape, with implications for our understanding of human developmental disorders including Cornelia de Lange and Coffin-Siris syndromes.
Finger-palm synergistic soft gripper for dynamic capture via energy harvesting and dissipation
Authors: Zhang Yin , Zhang Wang , Gao Pan , Zhong Xiaoqing , Pu Wei
Published: December 2022

Robotic grippers, inspired by human hands, show an extraordinary ability to manipulate objects of various shapes, sizes, or materials. However, capturing objects with varying kinetic energy remains challenging, regardless of the classical rigid-bodied or frontier soft-bodied grippers. Here, we demonstrate a rapid energy harvesting and dissipation mechanism for the soft grippers leveraging the finger-palm synergy. Theoretically and experimentally, this mechanism enables a soft gripper to reliably capture high-speed targets by dissipating and harvesting almost all the target’s kinetic energy within 30 milliseconds. The energy harvesting and dissipating capability are adjustable and can be enhanced by inflating pressure. Additionally, the harvested energy is autonomously transferred into fingers to enhance their grasping force and reduce the response time. To highlight, the grippers we developed are integrated into a six-rotor drone and successfully capture flying objects in an outdoor experiment. These results significantly advance robotics development in achieving dynamic capture of dynamic targets.
The MetroPT dataset for predictive maintenance
Authors: Veloso Bruno , Ribeiro Rita P. , Gama João , Pereira Pedro Mota
Published: December 2022

The paper describes the MetroPT data set, an outcome of a Predictive Maintenance project with an urban metro public transportation service in Porto, Portugal. The data was collected in 2022 to develop machine learning methods for online anomaly detection and failure prediction. Several analog sensor signals (pressure, temperature, current consumption), digital signals (control signals, discrete signals), and GPS information (latitude, longitude, and speed) provide a framework that can be easily used and help the development of new machine learning methods. This dataset contains some interesting characteristics and can be a good benchmark for predictive maintenance models.
Analysis of second grade hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching flat plate in the presence of activation energy
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Saeed Anwar , Suttiarporn Panawan , Khan Waris , Kumam Poom , Watthayu Wiboonsak
Published: December 2022

The research of fluid containing nanoparticles for the heat transport characteristics is very famous because of its variety of real-life applications in various thermal systems. Although the thermal efficiency of the nanofluid was effective but still the nano scientists were trying to introduce some new advance class of fluid. Therefore, an advance class of fluid is developed by the dispersion of two different nano sized particles in the conventional base fluid known as “Hybrid nanofluid” which is more effective compared to simple nanofluids in many engineering and industrial applications. Therefore, motivated from the hybrid type of nanofluids in the current research we have taken two-dimensional laminar and steady flow of second grade fluid passing through porous plate. The engine oil base fluid is widely used fluid in the engineering and industrial problems. Keeping these applications in mind the engine oil is considered and two different nanoparticles Copper and aluminum oxide are added in ordered to get the required thermal characteristics. In addition to this the thermal radiation, chemical reaction, activation energy, Brownian motion and thermophoresis are also addressed during the current research. The present proposed higher-order PDE’s is transformed to the non-linear system of ODE’s. For the solution of the proposed high non-linear model HAM method is employed. As the hybrid nanofluid are highlighted on the second-grade fluid flow over a horizontal porous flat plate. During the present analysis and experimental study, it has been proved that the performance of hybrid nanofluid is efficient in many situations compared to nanofluid and regular fluid. For physical interpretation all the flow parameters are discussed through graphs. The impact of volume fraction is also addressed through graphs. Moreover, the comparative analysis between hybrid and nanofluid is carried out and found that hybrid nanofluid performed well as compared to nanofluid and regular fluid. The engineering quantities obtained from the present research have been presented in tables.
Ultrashort spin–orbit torque generated by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Janda T. , Ostatnický T. , Němec P. , Schmoranzerová E. , Campion R. , Hills V. , Novák V. , Šobáň Z. , Wunderlich J.
Published: December 2022

To realize the very objective of spintronics, namely the development of ultra-high frequency and energy-efficient electronic devices, an ultrafast and scalable approach to switch magnetic bits is required. Magnetization switching with spin currents generated by the spin–orbit interaction at ferromagnetic/non-magnetic interfaces is one of such scalable approaches, where the ultimate switching speed is limited by the Larmor precession frequency. Understanding the magnetization precession dynamics induced by spin–orbit torques (SOTs) is therefore of great importance. Here we demonstrate generation of ultrashort SOT pulses that excite Larmor precession at an epitaxial Fe/GaAs interface by converting femtosecond laser pulses into high-amplitude current pulses in an electrically biased p-i-n photodiode. We control the polarity, amplitude, and duration of the current pulses and, most importantly, also their propagation direction with respect to the crystal orientation. The SOT origin of the excited Larmor precession was revealed by a detailed analysis of the precession phase and amplitude at different experimental conditions.
Forecasting sub-national trends in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the UK before vaccine rollout
Authors: de Figueiredo A.
Published: December 2022

Vaccines have reduced the burden of COVID-19 disease in the UK since their introduction in December 2020. At the time of their introduction, it was unclear the extent to which COVID-19 vaccines would be accepted and how spatial variations in uptake would emerge, driven by socio-demographic characteristics. In this study, data from a large-scale cross-sectional study of over 17,000 adults, surveyed in September and October 2020, was used to provide sub-national forecasts of COVID-19 vaccine uptake across the UK. Bayesian multilevel regression and poststratification was deployed to forecast COVID-19 vaccine acceptance before vaccine rollout across 174 regions of the UK. Although it was found that a majority of the UK adult population would likely take the vaccine, there were substantial heterogeneities in uptake intent across the UK. Large urban areas, including London and North West England, females, Black or Black British ethnicities, and Polish speakers were among the least likely to state an intent to vaccinate. These predicted spatial trends were validated by comparison to observed observed COVID-19 vaccine uptake in late 2021. The methodological approaches deployed in this validated forecasting study may be replicable for the prediction of routine childhood immunisation uptake. Given recent pandemic-induced disruptions to routine immunisation systems, reliable sub-national forecasts of vaccine uptake may provide policymakers and stakeholders early warning signals of potential vaccine confidence issues.
Conventional and synchronous spectrofluorometric determination of the recently administered drugs for treatment of COVID-19 favipiravir and apixaban
Authors: Elama Heba Samir , Zeid Abdallah M. , Shalan Shereen M. , El-Shabrawy Yasser , Eid Manal I.
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 is a fast-spreading pandemic that is caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogen. Combination therapy of the antiviral favipiravir and the anticoagulant apixaban is one of the efficient treatment regimens. Therefore, development of novel and sensitive methods for simultaneous analysis of such combination is highly advantageous. Herein, two eco-friendly, simple, rapid, and cost-effective spectrofluorometric methods were evolved for the estimation of favipiravir and apixaban in pharmaceutical and biological matrices. Method I was based on analysis of favipiravir and apixaban by the first-order derivative of the conventional fluorescence spectra obtained after excitation at 300 nm, where favipiravir and apixaban were detected at 468.8 and 432.0 nm, respectively. Method II relied on dual scan synchronous spectrofluorometry, in which favipiravir was determined at 364 nm using Δλ = 60 nm while apixaban was analyzed at 274 nm using Δλ = 200 nm. Method optimization was performed for selecting the optimum conditions at which maximum sensitivity and selectivity were obtained. This report is the first one that describes simultaneous analysis of favipiravir and apixaban by synchronous spectrofluorometry. The developed methods were successfully applied to evaluate favipiravir and apixaban in spiked human plasma and in pharmaceutical dosages with high %recoveries and low RSD.
Robust meal delivery service for the elderly: a case study in Hong Kong
Authors: Lin Shaochong , Bakker Monique , Leung Eman
Published: December 2022

Service providers in a community center in Hong Kong deliver meals to community-dwelling elderly, first from a central kitchen to intermediate depots by a van and then to the homes of the elderly via walking. We propose a modified two-echelon vehicle routing model with concerns of both delivery efficiency and workload fairness among workers, incorporating important practical aspects, such as continuity of care and unique features of buildings and served elderly. Notably, we employ robust optimization to address service time uncertainties that differentiate between frail and ordinary elderly. The robust model can be transformed into a mixed integer program, for which we provide two decomposition-based approaches to accelerate computation. Through a real-data case study, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed models. We show that robust solutions can protect against service time variations and achieve better performance while incurring a small additional cost over deterministic ones. We provide insights into choosing the level of conservatism and human resource planning for practitioners.
Juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) are able to recover from lordosis
Authors: Printzi A. , Mazurais D. , Witten P. E. , Madec L. , Gonzalez A.-A. , Mialhe X. , Zambonino-Infante J.-L. , Koumoundouros G.
Published: December 2022

Haemal lordosis, a frequent skeletal deformity in teleost fish, has long been correlated with increased mechanical loads induced by swimming activity. In the present study, we examine whether juvenile zebrafish can recover from haemal lordosis and explore the musculoskeletal mechanisms involved. Juveniles were subjected to a swimming challenge test (SCT) that induced severe haemal lordosis in 49% of the animals and then immediately transferred them to 0.0 total body lengths (TL) per second of water velocity for a week. The recovery from lordosis was examined by means of whole mount staining, histology and gene expression analysis. Results demonstrate that 80% of the lordotic zebrafish are capable of internal and external recovery within a week after the SCT. Recovered individuals presented normal shape of the vertebral centra, maintaining though distorted internal tissue organization. Through the transcriptomic analysis of the affected haemal regions, several processes related to chromosome organization, DNA replication, circadian clock and transcription regulation were enriched within genes significantly regulated behind this musculoskeletal recovery procedure. Genes especially involved in adipogenesis, bone remodeling and muscular regeneration were regulated. A remodeling tissue-repair hypothesis behind haemal lordosis recovery is raised. Limitations and future possibilities for zebrafish as a model organism to clarify mechanically driven musculoskeletal changes are discussed.
Efficient method of arsenic removal from water based on photocatalytic oxidation by a plasmonic–magnetic nanosystem
Authors: Paredes María Y. , Martinez Luciana P. , Barja Beatriz C. , Marchi M. Claudia , Herran Matías , Grinblat Gustavo , Bragas Andrea V. , Cortés Emiliano , Scarpettini Alberto F.
Published: December 2022

Arsenic is one of the most toxic elements in natural waters since prolonged exposure to this metalloid can cause chronic damage to health.
In situcharacterisation for nanoscale structure–performance studies in electrocatalysis
Authors: Xia Tianlai , Yang Yu , Song Qiang , Luo Mingchuan , Xue Mianqi , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Zhao Yong , Li Fengwang
Published: December 2022

We focus on the new horizons inoperando/in situcharacterisation techniques in electrocatalysis, providing a critical analysis of how advancedin situtechniques help us to deepen our understanding of reaction mechanisms and material evolution.
Aromaticity controls the excited-state properties of host–guest complexes of nanohoops
Authors: George G. , Stasyuk O. A. , Voityuk A. A. , Stasyuk A. J. , Solà M.
Published: December 2022

C60-based complex of nanohoop with antiaromatic fragments is a rare example of complexes with photooxidation of fullerene. Ultrafast charge separation coupled with slow charge recombination implies a long lifetime of charge transfer state.
Revealing the stochastic kinetics evolution of photocatalytic CO2reduction
Authors: Zhu Zhonghui , Xuan Yimin , Liu Xianglei , Zhu Qibin
Published: December 2022

The stochastic evolution in photocatalytic CO2reduction is unveiled by the stochastic model which is established based on probability statistics.
Divergent synthesis of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives through photoinduced C–H functionalization without a photocatalyst
Authors: Liang Chenfeng , Guo Yirui , Zhang Yuru , Wang Zhihao , Li Lin , Li Wanmei
Published: December 2022

Photo-induced C–H functionalization for divergent synthesis of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives using H2O2 as an oxidant without a photocatalyst.
Enantioselective inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease with rhenium(i) picolinic acid complexes
Authors: Karges Johannes , Giardini Miriam A. , Blacque Olivier , Woodworth Brendon , Siqueira-Neto Jair L. , Cohen Seth M.
Published: December 2022

This study reports on the synthesis and biological evaluation of Re(i) picolinic acid complexes as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
Metamaterials simulation for thermal diffusers
Authors: Nuñez-Betancourt Luis Alfonso , Matutes-Aquino José Andrés
Published: December 2022

The heat extraction efficiency of a cylindrical diffuser can be optimized by applying differential geometry [J.-P. Huang, Theoretical Thermotics: Transformation Thermotics and Extended Theories for Thermal Metamaterials (Springer, 2020)], in order to find a metamaterial design. That can be done by coupling a thermally insulating material (polytetrafluoroethylene) with a high thermal conductivity material (copper) where the heat flow is directed. By controlling the distance between the isothermal contours, to extract the heat while maintaining a constant temperature gradient along the diffuser avoiding heat accumulation.
The acquisition of L2 Hungariangrammar rules and the implicit-explicit debate
Authors: Gerits Hedwig , Branden Kris Van den
Published: December 2022

This study contributes to the explicit implicit debate by investigating to which extent adult learners of Hungarian develop knowledge of new grammar rules, and the proficiency to use them, through listening activities complemented with explicit grammar instruction or not.

In a quasi-experimental study, we compared the acquisition of three specific rules of Hungarian grammar by 80 Flemish adult students in two conditions. Both methods involved listening activities, but in one condition explicit rule explanation and practice was given and in the other one, meaningful activities were created without grammar explanation. The findings indicate that for teaching simple rules, compared to more complex grammar features, listening activities and exposure to comprehensible input have a significantly positive effect on grammar acquisition at the basic level. The explicit condition did not have an added beneficial effect. Exposure to L2 is the main driver of language development.
Social Justice in the Hospitality Industry – Better Pay Equals Better Employees and a Better Hotel
Authors: Dodds Rachel
Published: December 2022

It was July 2 and Trina White, the General Manager (GM) of the Parkside Hotel in Victoria, Canada was sitting in her office. She had just reviewed her occupancy figures and realized her costs for labour in her hotel needed to change in order to address the 89% turnover in staffing. In the past year, turnover had cost the hotel CA$202,000 in annual costs, which was close to what was spent on the overall marketing of the business. Victoria is a relatively small city with lots of hotels so it was hard to find staff but the cost to constantly train new staff was not feasible and something needed to change. Later that week, Trina would have a meeting with the shareholders of the hotel but what was she going to suggest?
Exploration of high-quality wood-producing trees on the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan campus’s green space
Authors: Iswanto A H , Ginting I M , Rachmat H H , Hakim L , Sucipto T
Published: December 2022

Urban green space has various benefits, including as a conservation area for different plant species. As a green open space in Medan, the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) campus plays an important role. It performs a dual function as a means of conserving various types of trees that have multiple benefits, including as a producer of wood. Until now, information about the diversity of wood-producing tree species in the green space of the USU campus has not been found. This research was conducted to fill in the gaps in information regarding the diversity of wood-producing species in the green space of the USU campus, Medan. This research was conducted using a comprehensive tree inventory method by investigating the types, uses, and levels of wood strength found in various growing trees. The results showed that 19 tree species had durable class I to II (very durable and durable), 83 tree species had strength class I-III, 38 did not have durable class information, and 36 did not have strength class information. Two tree species that have an endangered status are Shorea parvifolia and Pterocarpus indicus.
Growth and exploitation rate of Dwarf Whipray (Brevitrygon heterura) landed from Tanjung Beringin, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Manurung V R , Nababan M , Nasution S F P , Desrita  , Hasibuan J S , Husaini H
Published: December 2022

Stingrays are a group of fish that have high economic potential landed at TPI Tanjung Beringin. The dominant type of stingray landed at TPI Tanjung Beringin is the Dwarf Whipray (Brevitrygon heterura) or commonly called Tuka-Tuka by the local community. This research wa carried out during July and September of 2021 at TPI Tanjung Beringin, survey method with a census technique, namely a method by seeking various information and various facts regarding the biological aspects. This study aims to determine the growth and exploitation rate of the dwarf whipray. There were 82 dwarf whipray, which were then measured for length and weight. The results of the study concluded that dwarf whipray (Brevitrygon heterura) which landed in TPI Tanjung Beringin had a negative allometric growth pattern, namely length growth was greater than weight growth. The exploitation status of the dwarf whipray (Brevitrygon heterura) in the waters of the Malacca Strait is classified as overfishing.
Diversity of Hymenoptera in the Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) Aek Nauli, North Sumatra
Authors: Siahaan D A S , Berliani K , Pangaribuan R Y , Agustin D , Yulinar  , Mutiara F , Tarigan T S U B
Published: December 2022

As one of the four largest insect orders, Hymenoptera are important pollinators, parasitoids, and predators in the agricultural sector. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of hymenoptera in the Forest Area with Special Purpose/KHDTK Aek Nauli, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The insect sampling was conducted during the day and night using yellow and light trap technique. The results obtained a total of 13 species of Hymenoptera consisting of 45 ind. The relative abundance was recorded from 2.22 to 22.22 with the highest abundance fromVespulasp (Vespidae) andSceliphron curvatum(Spechidae). The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) of Hymenoptera species was documented fromBrachymyrmexsp. (Formicidae) at 115.56 andPolybia fastidiosuscula(Vespidae) at 106.67. The Shannon’s diversity (H’) of Hymenoptera ranged between 0.89 and 1.83 among sites or categorized as low-to-medium level of biodiversity with an evenness index (E) from 0.64 to 1.00. This finding may be noted as our first attempt in documenting the beta diversity of insects in the forest region.
Forest fire analysis in Habinsaran Sector PT Toba Pulp Lestari industrial forest plantation area 2014 to 2021
Authors: Sidabukke S H , Rasyid Fahmi , Sianipar M , Panjaitan R H M , Aulin F R
Published: December 2022

Forest fires are one of the impacts of the increasing level of pressure on forest resources. Impacts related to forest or land fires are environmental damage and pollution, such as damage to flora and fauna, soil and water. Forest fires impact on the environment and biological ecosystems. The aim of becoming a reference for forest managers in their efforts to prevent forest fires at PT Toba Pulp Lestari. The analysis tested in this study is an analysis of a descriptive quantitative. The interview data contained in the questionnaire will be analyzed to determine the level of forest fires. The results obtained from this study are the age of plants that burn the most are 2-3 years old plants as much as 96 times. And the age of the plant that rarely burns is the plant that is 1-2 years old as much as 16 times. The most common factor causing forest fires from 2014 to 2021 was due to being burned by unknown people 187 times, followed by community farming activities for 31 times. The number of incidents and the area of forest fires occurred 221 times and an area of 163.23 ha. The highest period of fires occurred in February and June while the lowest occurred in December and January.
The carbon storage capacity of plantation forests and agroforestry pattern in South Sulawesi in the context of mitigating climate change
Authors: Paembonan S A , Soma A S , Rampisela D A
Published: December 2022

Comparison between the ability of carbon storage for various types of land use, both inside and outside forest areas, needs to be done in order to predict its ability to deal with climate change mitigation and adaptation programs in Indonesia. Local baseline data need to be known because each vegetation growth is strongly influenced by local environmental conditions. This study was conducted to compare the ability of carbon storage in pine plantations and agroforestry patterns at high altitudes. The research method was carried out purposively by determining sample plots that were considered representative of the type of land use. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the ability to store aboveground carbon between pine plantations of 86.80 tons/ha and agroforestry patterns of 56.14 tons/ha. Similarly, the comparison of the aboveground and underground carbon storage capacity, there was a significant difference, namely for pine stands 78.99% to 21.01%, while agroforestry pattern was 53.58% to 46.42%. Overall, both types of land use can be relied on to address climate change mitigation programs in Indonesia.
Analysis of the species and derived bamboo (Bambuceae) product in Berastagi, Kabanjahe and Tiga Panah of Karo District, North Sumatra
Authors: Samsuri  , Tampubolon Margaretta , Zaitunah Anita
Published: December 2022

Bamboo forests have ecological and economic functions. Bamboo is a commodity with bright prospects if it is widely developed in forestry. Bamboo standing stock and its derived product are important to be measured. The research aimed to identify bamboo species and analyze the benefit type of bamboo in North Sumatra Province. The sample analysis was carried out by analyzing the existing bamboo growing stock. The stratification interview technique with bamboo garden owners regarding the use of bamboo is based on local wisdom. A square plot of 50 m x 50 m was measured to get a standing stock of bamboo. The research found Gigantochloa sp. dominates the bamboo forest. The bamboo products are on a large scale, but they have not been sent out of town because they are very cheap and expensive in transportation. Many bamboo farmers have switched professions because of the low price of bamboo.
Identifying management strategies for the development of wildlife-based ecotourism: A study case of Sulawesi bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) inhabited the Educational Forest of Hasanuddin University, Maros
Authors: Putri A U B , Maulany R I , Achmad A
Published: December 2022

The educational forest of Hasanuddin University is intended to be developed as ecotourism spot with various physical and biological tourism attractions including bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus). However, the concrete management strategies required have not been fully explored and examined. This research aimed to identify and formulate management strategies of wildlife-based tourism for bear cuscus in the area by examining bio-ecological of the species and analyzing community’s perceptions and attitudes towards bear cuscus and its conservation in the area. Data on the biology and ecology of A. ursinus and its habitat were gained from literatures while the perceptions were obtained directly from questionnaire distribution to all relevant stakeholders as respondents. SWOT analysis was used and further analyzed by using AHP (Analysis Hierarchy Process) to determine quadrants and priority levels. There were 11 strengths and 4 weaknesses found as internal factors and 5 opportunities and 3 threats for the external. The IFAS matrix score were 1.82 with the weighted total value of 3.29 and the weakness’ score of 1.47. For the EFAS matrix, the total opportunities score was 2.95 and the total threats score of 1.00. The high priority strategy to be implemented in the context of ecotourism management was located in Quadrant I which indicates that the opportunity for the bear cuscus' ecotourism is favorable.
Dynamics of environmental change and affecting factors in the Malili lake complex, South Sulawesi
Authors: Rahmawati  , Jompa J , Budimawan  , Arief A A
Published: December 2022

The exploitation of the Malili Lake Complex in South Sulawesi as a natural resource that is not accompanied by wisdom has caused various major problems, such as damage to natural resources, loss of resources and the emergence of various wastes, which result in a decrease in the quality of the environment.The objectives of this research are: to examine in depth the dynamics of the quality of the aquatic environment and the influencing factors. Testing of environmental parameters measured in the field using a tool, namely the Water Quality Checker. Parameter measurements carried out in the field during June-August 2021 by taking six observation stations, namely: Salonsa Beach, Dream Beach, Malili River, Karebbe River, Sorowako Pier and Timampu Pier. The condition of the waters in has been polluted by the presence of domestic and industrial waste and the activities of the people who live in the vicinity.
Potential analysis of Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans) in Singkil
Authors: Ibrahim T M , Julianti E , Supriana T , Delvian
Published: December 2022

Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) is the plant that grouped in mangrove forest ecosystems which has a great economic potential when developed with a good strategy. The potential of nipa palm in Singkil has not been mapped properly, so that the objective of this research was to analyze the potential of nipa palm in Singkil. Data in this research were obtained directly from observations in the form of ground checks at several research locations and aerial photo data taken directly in the field using UAV vehicles. The results of data obtained through observation and documentation are then processed before being used to validate the results of image data processing. The use of UAV data provides a solution for mapping and monitoring nipa palm with high accuracy as well as a solution to the limited availability of nipa palm data in Singkil. Nipa palm was found spread along the estuary of the Lae Singkil River with total area 768.08 Ha. In the aerial photo taken in Kampong Pulosarok covering an area of 37.01 Ha, it was found that the land covering of nipa palm was 20.12 Ha or 54%. Whereas, in the aerial photo taken in Kampong Kilangan covering an area of 34.41 ha, it was found that the land covering of nipa palm was 22.16 ha or 64%. From the data, it can conclude that the nipa palm potential in Singkil is large.
Study of Vitality Change in Teak Community Forest Management (Case Study on Teak Community Forest in Natar Sub-district, South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province)
Authors: Nurcahyani Arum , Safe’i Rahmat , Bintoro Afif , Kaskoyo Hari
Published: December 2022

Community forests are forests that are owned, built and managed by the people. Community forests can provide direct and indirect benefits. So that the health of community forests has various cropping patterns that can be assessed from the parameters of forest health, namely vitality. One of the plants that is in great demand in the timber industry is teak (Tectona grandis) because of its very high quality. This study aims to determine the changes in the value of vitality indicators and health value status of teak community forests in Rulung Helok Village, Natar District to better understand the importance of forest health in realizing sustainable forest management. The method used in this research is Forest Health Monitoring (FHM). This research was conducted twice in June 2020 and January 2022. The results shows that the change in the value of vitality indicators in the value of measurement 1 and measurement 2 experienced changes in vitality indicators which tended to increase. The assessment of each teak forest health indicator with an average measurement of 1 is 2.44 in the good category (cluster plots 2, 6, 7, and 8) the medium category is absent and the bad category (cluster plots 1, 3, 4, and 5) and the average of the 2nd measurement is 1.75 in the good category (cluster plots 2, 4, and 6), the medium category (cluster plot 8), and the bad category (cluster plots 1, 3, 5, and 7 ). The status of changes in the 1st and 2nd measurements of the health of teak community forests obtained an average category of medium. This is due to the occurrence of tree damage in each cluster-plot.
Agent-based modelling application for social forestry policy evaluation
Authors: Abdulah L , Subarudi  , Lestari N S , Qirom M A , Yulianti M , Wicaksono D , Krisnawati H , Lisnawati Y , Astana S
Published: December 2022

Social forestry (SF) as a community involvement program in forest areas needs to be frequently evaluated, particularly on policy aspects considering the dynamics of program implementation. Policy issues related to SF program have not been well identified. As a result, the implementation of SF policies may not achieve the target and recurrently lead to new problems. This research aims to develop the best scenario to support the achievement of SF target but is limited to SF areas adjacent to oil palm plantations. The actor-based modelling was developed using Netlogo 6.2 analytical tool. The results showed that the implementation of SF program should include the economic welfare improvement of local communities as a main consideration. The best scenario to achieve SF target is providing full access for local communities to manage forest areas and developing a mechanism to market the commodities by considering domestic wood consumption. The model simulation indicates that this management approach would be able to maintain forest cover as well as increase the community’s income. Therefore, information on wood consumption level needs to be promoted as an investment opportunity in the forestry sector, which has not been well considered previously in SF program. This strategy can be used to increase the participation of local communities in SF program by providing sufficient economic benefit as well as improving the inclusion of local communities in sustainable forest management.
Tensile properties of edible films from various types of starch with the addition of glycerol as plasticizer: a review
Authors: Sartika M , Rambe F R , Parinduri S Z D M , Harahap H , Nasution H , Lubis M , Taslim  , Manurung R
Published: December 2022

The tensile properties of edible films are very important from their application as packaging for food products. Edible films are made from natural materials so that they are safe for the environment and can be consumed directly with packaged products. Starch used in the preparation of edible films can come from different sources to produce films with different characteristics. It is known that starch-based edible films have several weaknesses, such as being brittle, which causes the film to easily crack. Efforts should be made to improve the mechanical properties, elasticity, and hydrophobicity of edible films by mixing them with other additives such as glycerol as a plasticizer. The use of different starch sources and glycerol concentrations will affect the properties and characteristics of the edible film formed. Different starch sources significantly affect the properties of the thickness and strength of the film. Meanwhile, the addition of glycerol affects the tensile strength and flexibility of the film. Therefore, this review aims to examine the effect of different types of starch with the addition of glycerol on the tensile properties of the resulting film. Studies from various literature were carried out and several research results were compared and analysed regarding the tensile properties of edible films.
Occurrence of microbial community on plastic wastes in Terjun Landfill, North Sumatra
Authors: Munir E , Suryanto D , Pasaribu Y , Mubtasima S , Hartanto A , Lutfia A , Nasution A F
Published: December 2022

Plastisphere is a term for any microbial community that grow and develop on the surface of plastic. There was still a lot of plastics that was readily disposed in landfills, which would makes it feasible to discover bacteria that could decompose plastic and be used in bioremediation. The present study aims to determine the number of microbial density (colonies) and obtainining a number of microbial (bacteria, fungi) isolates from four different types of plastics namely low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP). The density of bacterial population was the highest in LDPE, followed by LLDPE, PP, and HDPE. Meanwhile, the density and number of fungal population was exceptionally low in this study. A greater portion of gram-negative bacteria was larger than gram-positive bacteria with some filamentous fungi obtained from the isolation. The visual appearance using SEM analysis reveal the presence of mixed community between bacteria, fungi and yeast population.
Soil amelioration using several types of humic substances extracted from andisol, spodosol, peat and lignite to increase the growth of corn plants (Zea mays)
Authors: Rahmi E , Ernawita  , Satriawan H , Suwardi
Published: December 2022

Humic substances are products formed during the decomposition process of organic maerials which can be found in aquatic, sedimentary and soil environments. Humic substances can be used as an ameliorant due to its important roles in improving soil fertility and plant growth. The aim of the study was to determine the mechanism of humic substances in increase the growth of maize plants; to obtain the optimum types and doses of humic in increasing plant growth. The research was conducted in a greenhouse of IPB. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of two treatments, namely humic types (Andisol, Spodosol, peat and lignite) and humic doses (15 and 30 liters/ha). The results showed that the administration of humic acid from lignite at a dose of 30 liters/ha was the best treatment to increase the growth of corn plants, which was characterized by better stimulation of leaf width, number of leaves, plant biomass weight, and root dry weight. Thus, humic substances are useful in improving the growth and productivity of corn plants.
The Cost of Mental Health Comorbid Conditions in Burn Patients: A Single-site Experience
Authors: Nam Jason , Sljivic Sanja , Matthews Robert , Pak Joyce , Agala Chris , Salamah Hanaan , Hatch Erica , Nizamani Rabia , King Booker , Laughon Sarah L , Williams Felicia N
Published: December 2022

Many burn survivors suffer from psychiatric sequelae long after their physical injuries have healed. This may even be more pronounced in individuals who have a history of mental health disorders prior to admission. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical outcomes of patients with previously diagnosed mental health disorders who were admitted to our Burn Center. This was a single-site, retrospective review using our institutional Burn Center registry. All adult patients (18 years or older) admitted to our Burn Center between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2021 with burn injury or inhalation injury were included in this study. Variables of interest included demographics and burn mechanism. Outcomes of interests were length of stay, cost of hospitalization, and mortality. A P-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses. There were 4958 patients included in this study, with 35% of these patients having a previous diagnosis of mental health disorders. Patients with mental health disorders were younger, with larger burns, P < .05. They had significantly longer lengths of stay and significantly higher costs (P < .00001). Mortality for those with a mental health disorder history was 2% and 3% for those without (P = .04). Patients with pre-existing mental health disorders had decreased odds of mortality. However, they do have extended lengths of stay, which may exhaust current sparse staff and burn bed resources.
Farmers’ Knowledge and Perception on Kersting’s Groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum) Diseases and Pests in Benin
Authors: Touré Omar Yacouba , Sanni Worogo Judicael S. B. , Tchemadon Gildas Codjo , Nebie Baloua , Afouda Léonard A. C. , Achigan Dako Enoch G.
Published: December 2022

Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum) is a neglected and underutilized legume crop in Benin and is subject to several constraints, including diseases and pests, which constitute a bottleneck to its production. A randomized semistructured interview and participant observation survey were conducted in September 2020 to identify the perception and knowledge of farmers regarding diseases and pests affecting Kersting’s groundnut. Thus, 84 farmers were surveyed in three agroecological zones where Kersting’s groundnut is produced in Benin. After observation of disease symptoms through photographs, about 62% of the respondents stated that they observed diseases with low to medium incidence, but nearly 93% of the respondents did not recognize these symptoms as due to diseases. However, although 83% of the respondents recognize diseases as a constraint, all respondents (100%) do not adopt any control strategy against these diseases, due to the lack of knowledge about management practices, and are linking the symptoms to mystical phenomena, heavy rainfall, or strong sunlight. As for pests, about 69% of the respondents observe them in their fields but 80% of the respondents do not consider them as a constraint in Kersting’s groundnut production, although 17 and 26% of the respondents claim to observe locusts and caterpillars, respectively, in their fields. No control methods are applied against these pests. Extensive extension work is needed to raise awareness of the diseases and pests of this crop while seeking effective control strategies.
Prevalence, Identity, Pathogenicity, and Infection Dynamics of Botryosphaeriaceae Causing Avocado Branch Canker in California
Authors: Avenot Herve F. , Vega Dee , Arpaia Mary Lu , Michailides Themis J.
Published: December 2022

Botryosphaeria branch canker and dieback of avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) has expanded in avocado-growing areas in recent years. Twenty-one avocado groves in the major producing regions of California were surveyed in 2018 and 2019. Monthly inoculations of wounded, green, and lignified branches of ‘Hass’ and ‘Lamb Hass’ were conducted. Botryosphaeriaceae were the predominant fungi recovered from cankered tissues collected across the surveyed traditional and high-density orchards and caused symptoms on all six sampled cultivars. These fungi were also recovered in asymptomatic twigs and other organs and thus exist as a potential reservoir for future infections. Molecular analyses of 173 isolates showed that Neofusicoccum luteum had the greatest incidences across sites and cultivars, with 83 and 29% recovered from Hass and Lamb Hass, respectively. Pathogenicity tests on excised (Hass, GEM, and Hass mutants) and attached shoots from potted (Hass) and mature avocado trees (Hass and Lamb Hass) showed that all species were pathogenic on wounded, green, and mature branches of the specified cultivars. Monthly inoculations of wounded, green, and lignified branches of Hass and Lamb Hass showed that both stem types were susceptible throughout the inoculation periods, regardless of the avocado phenological stage. In temperature-dependent growth and infection studies, growth of three points could vary during the growing season. Botryosphaeriaceae grown was higher between 20 and 30°C, but only Lasiodiplodia theobromae significantly grew and caused external lesions at 35°C. Lasiodiplodia theobromae also grew more on perseitol-amended media, all indicating its adaptation to warmer temperatures and capacity in metabolizing the avocado-produced sugar. Overall, this study extended our knowledge of the prevalence, identity, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae on avocado cultivars, which will be useful to tailor management strategies.
Healthcare Disparities in Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Fishkin Tzvi , Wang Andy , Frishman William H. , Aronow Wilbert S.
Published: December 2022

There are significant healthcare disparities in cardiovascular medicine that represent a challenge for cardiologists and healthcare policy-makers who wish to provide equitable care. Disparities exist in both the management and outcomes of hypertension, coronary artery disease and its sequelae, and heart failure. These disparities are present along the lines of race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Despite recent efforts to reduce disparity, there are knowledge and research gaps among cardiologists with regards to both the scope of the problem and how to solve it. Solutions include increasing awareness of disparities in cardiovascular health, increasing research for optimal treatment of underserved communities, and public policy changes that reduce disparities in social determinants of health.
Electrical Determinants of Tinnitus Extinction in a Cochlear Implant Patient
Authors: Muller Leah , Gilbert Melanie , Jiam Nicole T. , Limb Charles J. , Tward Aaron D.
Published: December 2022

Hypothesis

Electrical tinnitus suppression by cochlear implants requires stimulation of a subset of neural elements in the cochlea.

Background

Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sound in the ears and is a known correlate of hearing loss. Cochlear implants restore hearing and are known to lessen or extinguish tinnitus. The amount of electrical charge required and the number and location of electrodes required to extinguish tinnitus with a cochlear implant are factors that remain poorly understood.

Methods

In a subject with single-sided deafness, with tinnitus in the deaf ear, we enabled single electrodes and groups of electrodes along the cochlea and increased the current until tinnitus was diminished or extinguished. We recorded the subject's perception of these changes using loudness scaling of both the electrical stimuli and the tinnitus.

Results

Tinnitus could be extinguished with individual electrodes and more effectively extinguished by activating a greater number of electrodes. Tinnitus suppression and loudness growth of the electrical stimuli were imperfectly correlated.

Conclusion

Tinnitus suppression in this cochlear implant patient was achieved by electrically stimulating multiple distinct portions of the cochlea, and the cochlear neural substrate for tinnitus suppression may be distinct from that for auditory perception.
Hearing Preservation and Spatial Hearing Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation in Children With TMPRSS3 Mutations
Authors: Peng Z. Ellen , Garcia Alejandro , Godar Shelly P. , Holt Jeffrey R. , Lee Daniel J. , Litovsky Ruth Y.
Published: December 2022

Objective

Investigate hearing preservation and spatial hearing outcomes in children with TMPRSS3 mutations who received bilateral cochlear implantation.

Study Design and Methods

Longitudinal case series report. Two siblings (ages, 7 and 4 yr) with TMPRSS3 mutations with down-sloping audiograms received sequential bilateral cochlear implantation with hearing preservation with low-frequency acoustic amplification and high-frequency electrical stimulation. Spatial hearing, including speech perception and localization, was assessed at three time points: preoperative, postoperative of first and second cochlear implant (CI).

Results

Both children showed low-frequency hearing preservation in unaided, acoustic-only audiograms. Both children demonstrated improvements in speech perception in both quiet and noise after CI activations. The emergence of spatial hearing was observed. Each child's overall speech perception and spatial hearing when listening with bilateral CIs were within the range or better than published group data from children with bilateral CIs of other etiology.

Conclusion

Bilateral cochlear implantation with hearing preservation is a viable option for managing hearing loss for pediatric patients with TMPRSS3 mutations.