bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOGAD following anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A case report
Authors: Nie Tian , Wei Wan
Published: July 2023

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody can coexist. Some patients have NMDAR encephalitis and MOG antibody disease successively. We report a rare case of MOGAD following anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Three years ago, a female of 44 years, our patient developed headache, mental disorder, and epilepsy. Cerebrospinal fluid was positive for NMDAR antibodies, and the patient’s symptoms improved after immunomodulatory treatment. Three months ago, the patient had a sudden loss of vision in the left eye. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging was supportive of left optic neuritis. Cerebrospinal fluid was positive for NMDAR and MOG antibodies. She was then diagnosed with MOGAD with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In conclusion, when patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis have demyelinating symptoms such as decreased vision, numbness or weakness of the limbs, it is necessary to consider whether they are combined with MOGAD.
Approach to epilepsy stigma: From reducing stigma to enhancing dignity
Authors: Tan Chong Tin , Lim Kheng Seang , Lim Stephanie , Baker Gus A , Li Shi Chuo
Published: July 2023

Psychosocial burden of epilepsy is crucial in the care of epilepsy. Traditionally the effort to overcome the psychosocial burden of people with epilepsy has been by reducing social stigma but less on self- perceived stigma. Self-perceived stigma is an aspect of self-esteem and dignity. Maslow has divided the self-esteem and dignity into the “lower” and “higher” version. The “lower” version is the respect from others. The “higher” version is from self-evaluation. Thus, the approach to reduce stigma works toward “lower” version of esteem. A comprehensive approach to increasing esteem and dignity should thus also include efforts toward the “higher” version, to improve self-evaluation. In fact, enhancing self-esteem by reducing stigma also exert its effect through self-evaluation. As self-evaluation is dependent on cultural values, dialogue with the traditional culture, to draw out the relevant elements in the culture is a neglected aspect of comprehensive epilepsy care.
Sleep disturbance and depressive tendency in bed partners of patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Huang Chih-Yu , Wu Shao-Yun , Yu Chung-Chieh , Chu Chien-Ming
Published: July 2023

Background: Snoring, apnea, and arousal are commonly observed during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and these nocturnal symptoms frequently disturb their bed partners. We aimed to evaluate the sleep disturbance and depressive tendency in the bed partners of patients with OSA.
Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted. A total of 136 patients with OSA and their bed partners were recruited. We analyzed the demographic data of both patients with OSA and bed partners and the polysomnography parameters of patients with OSA. The sleep quality of bed partners was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).
Results: The mean apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) was 43.5/h among all participants. Among bed partners, the mean PSQI score was 7.8 and the mean CES-D score was 15.4. The prevalence of chronic disease was significantly higher in bed partners with sleep disturbance (PSQI > 5) and depressive tendency (CES-D ≥ 16). The AHI and snore index of patients with OSA were not associated with bed partners’ sleep disturbance and depressive tendency respectively. The CES-D score was positively correlated with the PSQI score in the bed partners of patients with OSA (r = 0.426, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Bed partners tended to have sleep disturbance, which was unrelated to the severity of AHI and snoring in patients with OSA. Poor sleep quality may cause depressive tendency and chronic disease in the bed partners of patients with OSA.
Can cluster headache occur in the occipital region?
Authors: Mengi Alper , Türk Bengi Gül , Uygunoglu Ugur
Published: July 2023

Cluster headache is typically observed in the orbital, supraorbital or temporal regions, or in a combination of the above. The site of pain is one of the diagnostic criteria for cluster headache included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders. It has been reported that pain may also occur in the ear, nose, neck, shoulder, and other regions. In this report, we present a case who presented exclusively with occipital pain attributable to probable cluster headache. In the presence of other typical features of cluster headache, the diagnosis should still be considered even when headache pain occurs in extratrigeminal locations.
Malay translation and validation of the quality of life after brain injury (QOLIBRI) questionnaire for individuals with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Rafek Maisarah , Mazlan Mazlina , Manaf Haidzir
Published: July 2023

Background & Objectives: The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) is a health-related quality of life (QOL) questionnaire for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Malay version of QOLIBRI (M-QOLIBRI).
Methods: One hundred sixty-two individuals with TBI participated in this cross-sectional and validation study. Internal consistency, concurrent-criterion validity, construct validity, and test–retest reliability were assessed with Cronbach’s alpha, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results: M-QOLIBRI was proven reliable, with an overall alpha value of 0.911 and an ICC value of 1.00. The t-test result showed insignificant differences between the first and second administration of M-QOLIBRI (t = 1.897, p > 0.05). No significant correlation existed between the M-QOLIBRI score and patients’ age (r = −.111, p > 0.05) and time since injury (r = −.117, p > 0.05). Factor analysis was used to check for the validity of the instrument. The KMO value in this study was acceptable (0.786), which proved that the sample size was adequate.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that M-QOLIBRI is a valid and reliable tool to assess the health-related QOL after brain injury of Malaysian population.
Therapeutic Targeting of the Regulators of Cancer Epigenomes
Authors: Al-Janabi Ismail
Published: July 2023

Aim: To assess the value of targeting the various molecules that regulate the epigenome in the management of cancer. Method: Peer-reviewed articles were examined in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate search tools using keywords given in the manuscript. Main points: Three major epigenomic modifications, namely DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation, attracted the most research interest and led to a few globally approved drugs for the treatment of various malignancies. The DNA methylation profiles of cancer have been successfully employed in many aspects of the management of this disease. Conclusion: Epigenomic profiling of cancer specimens has already been successfully employed in the management of cancer in a handful of specialized clinics, and this application could be extended further following more in-depth investigations in this field.
Ethnomedicinal plants used as an antipyretic by the tribal people of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Naidu B.V.A. , Seetharami Reddi T. , Prasanthi S.
Published: July 2023

In the present paper 63 medicinal plant species belonging to 63 genera and 38 families, which are useful in treating common fever, intermittent fever, typhoid and malaria have been discussed along with their local names, method of preparation of the drug, mode of administration and dosage.
New plant records for Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Lal Krishan , Agrawala Dinesh
Published: July 2023

Two species, namely Leucomeris spectabilis D.Don (Asteraceae) and Sonerila tenera Royle (Melastomataceae) are reported for the first time from Himachal Pradesh. This is also the first report of these two genera from Himachal Pradesh.
Enhanced piezoelectric properties for potassium sodium niobate lead-free piezoelectric ceramics prepared by microwave technology
Authors: Li Haitao
Published: July 2023

Potassium-sodium niobate (Na, K)NbO3 (NKN) powder was synthesized at low temperature via microwave-assisted hydrothermal solovthermal method (MHSM). The resultant powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD results showed that pure (Na, K)NbO3 powder with a single perovskite structure was successfully synthesized when the concentration of mineralization exceeded 1 M. In order to reduce the volatilization of alkaline elements, NKN ceramics derived from 5M-powder were prepared in a microwave furnace. Microstructure, stoichiometry, and electrical properties of the obtained ceramics were investigated. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33), electromechanical coupling coefficient (kp) and remnant polarization (Pr) of the sample sintered at 1050 ℃ show optimal values of 132 pC/N, 38% and 26.3 µC/cm2, respectively. The results indicate that the microwave heating is a promising method for synthesizing and sintering NKN-based ceramics.
Study performance indicators covert channels of steganographic systems in telecommunication networks
Authors: Ibrahimov B.G. , Hasanov A.G. , Ismaylova S.R. , Tahirova K.M.
Published: July 2023

Composite performance indicators of steganographic systems are investigated, on the basis which a new approach to the construction covert channel models in telecommunication communication networks is proposed. Analytical expressions are obtained for estimating the maximum value covert channel bandwidth when introducing a counteraction method and when changing packet lengths, which allow determining the performance characteristics of the steganographic data hiding system.
Methods and ways for improving the exchange of information in the flight control system
Authors: Ismayilov I.M. , Garayev R.N.
Published: July 2023

Taking into account the shortcomings of the information exchange system through the ARINC 629 bus, which is widely used in new digital avionics systems (delay of information exchange, program errors, sensitivity to external influences, etc.), the fiber-optic information exchange system proposed in the article reduces the weight of aircraft in aviation systems, it allows solving many problems such as software errors, delays and maintenance problems. This system has a much higher transmission speed than traditional systems, significantly reduces the number of computers and wires, and the transition to modular avionics makes it more compact and easier to maintain.
Effects of melatonin in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Martins Marcelo Melo , Venturin Camila Motta , Castello Rhuam Carlos Rocha , Peres Jeanderson Prudenciano , Rangel Vinicius , Gioia Luciana Netto , Pontes Beatriz Brígido , Santos Amanda Pinheiro , Oliveira Fernanda Eleutério
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Obesity represents a multifactorial disease that causes major public health problems. There are about 2.0 billion overweight and obese people in the world, represented by 39.6% of adults. Melatonin may provide cardioprotection at low pharmacological doses. Melatonin's ability to improve cardiovascular function and its hypotensive effect because of its direct and receptor-dependent antioxidant actions suggest that melatonin may have some beneficial effects in controlling diabetic vascular complications. Objective: It was to carry out a systematic review of the main effects of melatonin in the treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The present study followed a concise systematic review model (PRISMA). The literary search process was carried out from April to May 2023 and was developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, using scientific articles until 2023. The low quality of evidence was attributed to case reports, editorials, and short communications, according to the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 168 studies were found for eligibility analysis, and so 46 of a total of 68 studies were selected for this systematic review. According to the GRADE instrument, most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =90.4%>50%. The Funnel Plot showed a symmetrical behavior, not suggesting a significant risk of bias in studies with smaller sample sizes. It was concluded that melatonin can reduce body weight and fat mass and regulate energy expenditure, glucose/lipid metabolism, and insulin secretion; therefore, it can play an effective role in weight management. There is a growing consensus that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of melatonin are of great importance in preserving the body's function and homeostasis. In adulthood, disturbances in melatonin production negatively impact the progression of cardiovascular risk factors and promote cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The consumption of melatonin supplements can be effective in controlling blood pressure and anthropometric indices (as predictors of obesity) in patients with T2DM. Furthermore, melatonin has significant effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial injury, pulmonary hypertension, hypertension, vascular diseases, valvular heart diseases, and lipid metabolism. As an inexpensive and well-tolerated drug, melatonin could be a new therapeutic option for cardiovascular diseases.
Secondary School Teachers’ Perceptions of the Qualities of Effective EFL Teachers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Altheyab Ahmad H
Published: July 2023

This study examined the perceptions of 138 Saudi secondary school male English teachers in Riyadh regarding the qualities of an effective EFL teacher. It aimed to investigate these qualities and explore the relationship between teachers’ experiences and perceptions. A survey research design was used, with data collected through a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and an independent t-test were conducted. The findings revealed that effective EFL teachers possess various qualities in personal quality, attitude, pedagogical knowledge, subject matter knowledge, and classroom practice. Teachers considered all these qualities essential. However, no significant relationship was found between teachers’ experience and their perceptions of effective EFL teacher characteristics.
Inclusión como diálogo de saberes ancestrales (andino - occidentales)
Authors: Cadena Juan Ramón , Machado Jorge Luis , Muso Marjorie Aracely
Published: July 2023

Se presenta un análisis sobre un tema de trascendencia para la educación matemática. La inclusión de conocimientos ancestrales como un eje transversal en la praxis docente visto desde las categorías: cultural, política y educativa. En el desarrollo del artículo se hace referencia a la inclusión educativa, con énfasis en las prácticas docentes que permitan la incorporación de saberes ancestrales, es decir, visibilizar la concepción antropológica y educativa mediante la Etnomatemática como una nueva mirada de la educación matemática. La necesidad de esta inclusión responde a varias problemáticas de la enseñanza actual de la matemática en el Ecuador, como su linealidad y acoplamiento a una tendencia operacional, memorística y descriptiva, alejada de dinámicas que incluyan el desarrollo de esta ciencia como un constructo humano, con dimensionalidad histórica, geográfica y axiológica. En América Latina y en especial en la región andina existen muchos artículos de investigación en el área de la Etnomatemática, sin embargo, es un trabajo en evolución continua. Se ha realizado un análisis teórico sobre la inclusión en su sentido más amplio y se añaden propuestas estratégicas para la integración de los elementos culturales hacia la consecución de una educación matemática inclusiva en lo cultural, ontológico e identitario.
Contact pseudo-slant submanifolds of a para-Sasakian manifold according to type 1, type 2, type 3 cases
Authors: DİRİK Süleyman , YİĞİT Hüseyin
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to present work on contact pseudo-slant submanifolds of para-Sasakian manifolds. The study includes the definitions and some results on type 1, type 2, and type 3 contact pseudo-slant submanifolds. The results were interpreted by taking into account the parallelism and geodesicity of the tensors reduced to the submanifold. Additionally, minimal anti-invariant and invariant submanifolds were evaluated for the type 1, type 2, and type 3 cases of the tensors reduced to the submanifold.
Integrated Supply Chain Risk Assessment Methodology Based on Modified FMEA
Authors: Kilic Huseyin S. , Canbakis Sena K. , Karabas Melike , Koseoglu Sedef , Unal Ezgi , Kalender Zeynep T.
Published: July 2023

Supply chains have rapidly developed and become more complex to increase productivity, reduce costs and meet demand. Moreover, globalization affected complexity and uncertainty, so many risks have arisen in surviving among rivals. Today, supply chain management became more difficult for recognizing the details and controlling the process. So, recognition and assessment of the risks in advance became vital to provide the continuity of the working processes of the company and not cause big losses. This study aims to minimize the damage that may occur by providing the risk assessment. For this purpose, a risk assessment methodology in which risks are determined via literature review and expert views is proposed. Afterwards, a new technique based on Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is utilized. Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Weighted Product are synergistically used within FMEA. Moreover, an application in a widely known fast-moving consumer goods company is performed to validate the proposed methodology.
Analysis of the Impact of Corporate Income Tax Incentives on Digital Economy Enterprises
Authors: Wang Shu-xian
Published: July 2023

This paper evaluates the effect of income tax preferences for digital economy enterprises based on the data of digital economy enterprises in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei regions from 2017-2021 (in line with the narrower caliber of the National Bureau of Statistics). The research results show that corporate income tax incentives have a significant impact on R&D investment of digital economy enterprises and provide a better incentive for digital economy enterprises to increase their R&D investment efforts. Tax incentives are heterogeneous in nature of property rights for digital economy enterprises, among which there is a greater promotion for private enterprises. Finally, this paper further expands the study on the factors influencing the innovative capability of enterprises and proposes policy recommendations on the relationship between tax preferences and innovation capability of enterprises based on the empirical results.
Does parental socio-economic status matter for the success of start-ups of first-time founders? Evidence from Germany
Authors:   Mendel University in Brno, Czechia, Roth Alexander , Blažková Ivana
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to establish the influence of parental socio-economic status on profitability and growth of first-time founders in Germany. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 first-time founders to establish their socio-economic status, parental influence on their success as founders, and the impact of parental socio-economic status on their financial success. The main findings showed that the majority of participants believed that high socio-economic status of parents had a significant positive effect on the financial success of new start-ups, although those from lower socio-economic backgrounds could also succeed. The characteristics of unequal social status were often expressed and the status of German as a nation with low social mobility confirmed. However, the extent to which financial support and context networks supported founders from high socio-economic status families was difficult to ascertain as founders were often unwilling to admit its actual influence. In contrast, the parental influences on values and positive attributes relating to their success were more freely discussed. Based on the revenues and valuation of the start-up companies, two trends for first time founder success were identified: the most successful founders had parents with high socio-economic status; some very successful founders demonstrated high social mobility, which is contrary to the existing data that social mobility in German is very low.
Democracy in Vietnam: a matter of class consciousness?
Authors:   Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore, Rappa Antonio L.
Published: July 2023

Democracy is a Western concept without roots in Asia in general and Vietnam in particular. There are several reasons why Vietnam might be a prospective democracy: (1) its capitalist economy is worth US$371 billion in 2022; (2) the number of civil society associations has risen in Vietnam since 1990. There are increasing signs that space for civil society is opening up; and (3) there are isolated cases where democratic actions have occurred in Vietnam. This article explains why democracy faces significant challenges in Vietnamese late modernity. It uses a seven-question democratic framework to determine the existence of democracy in Southeast Asia. Framework for analysis: The framework for analyzing democracy in Southeast Asia with seven questions is as follows: (1) Are there regularly held elections that are free and fair in the country? (2) Are there external or foreign observers of the elections? (3) Are the ballot boxes stuffed openly or secretly? (4) Are the voters bribed in any way before or during the elections? (5) Is the vote secret? (6) Are there secret police operating beyond the law? and (7) Are there opposition parties that can freely take part in elections with low barriers to entry?
An analysis of performance of South Asian nations in human development
Authors:   Nowgong College, Department of Economics, Nagaon, Assam, Dekaraja Dimpal
Published: July 2023

As per the Human Development Report 2021–2022, the nature of human development is different across various nations of the world. This study tries to analyze the status across nations of South Asia. To analyze the status, secondary data have been collected from the UNDP website for human development. The analysis is done using simple statistical tools such as percentages and mean, and the results are presented using tables and diagrams. It is observed that among the various nations, Afghanistan and Pakistan are underdeveloped as compared to the others, although the South Asian region is in a moderate state. Some countries such as Maldives and Sri Lanka are highly human-developed. However, the public expenditure on health and education in the South Asian region is less than in the other regions. Hence, the countries of this region are unable to perform well in human development. Therefore, it is recommended that countries of South Asia need to enhance investment in health, education, and food security so that countries can perform well in human development.
Monitoring and Control System of Parallel Loads Electricity Consumption Based on IOT
Authors: Adkhar M. Teguh , Afianti Hasti
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses the design of a power consumption monitoring using telegrams and LCDs. Monitoring of electrical energy consumption is carried out for overconsumption does not occur as well as safeguarding the electronic devices used. The relay will automatically disconnect the power source in every room when the power is overloaded and this condition is reported via the internet network with the Telegram application. To monitor power usage, it is necessary to measure it. Measurement in this study used a digital multi-meter and the PZEM-004T sensor. Measurements were made on ten electrical loads including Lights, fans, laptop chargers, cell phone chargers, soldering iron, grinders, iron hand drills, drill bits, and circular grinding wheels. The test to compare PZEM-004T and multimeter has been done, resulting in voltage error values of 0.048-1.347% and current error values of 0-35.484%. From the error value obtained in this test, it can be concluded that the PZEM004T is suitable for measuring current and voltage. Automatic control in the relay works when rooms 1, 2, 3, or 4 experience power readings that exceed the desired capacity. It will automatically cut off the voltage from the source so that excess power does not occur, the goal is to protect an electric circuit.
Role of gut microbiota in the 5-hydroxytryptamine signal transduction mechanism
Authors: Hu Gaofei , Zhu Yujie , Ding Shusi , Zheng Lemin
Published: July 2023

As a neurotransmitter, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays a variety of regulatory roles in the brain, including affecting mood, memory, circadian rhythm, and other aspects. However, the brain contains only approximately 10% of the 5-HT in humans. Ninety percent of the 5-HT is produced and stored in the gut. 5-HT in the gut is involved in the regulation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colitis, obesity, and other diseases. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the bioactivity of 5-HT is necessary. The gut microbiota has been reported to affect 5-HT synthesis and function, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. This review focuses on the production of 5-HT, its relationship with gut microbiota, its mechanism of action in different disease progression processes, and the biological effects of its derivative 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.
GENETIC PURITY AND DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF PARENTAL CORN INBRED LINES USING SSR MARKERS FOR PHILIPPINE HYBRID BREEDING
Authors: FERNANDEZ ECJ , NUÑEZ JPP , GARDOCE RR , MANOHAR ANC , BAJARO RM , LANTICAN DV
Published: July 2023

Accurate data and relevant insights on parental corn inbred lines' and hybrids’ genetic purity and diversity are essential for hybrid development and seed production. Here, the genetic purity and diversity of 19 parental yellow corn inbred lines were assessed using SSR markers. A total of 91 SSR markers were utilized, of which 61 were highly polymorphic and had high polymorphism information content value (PIC = 0.379). Genetic purity and diversity parameters were calculated from the generated SSR marker data. Observed pairwise genetic distances ranging from 0.257 to 0.808 implied high genetic dissimilarities among the accessions. Cluster analysis separated the parental lines into three distinct subclusters, which can potentially be a basis for generating heterotic groupings among the parental lines. Eight (8) out of the 19 parental lines showed considerable residual heterozygosity of ≤10%. Inbred line CML 431 displayed complete homozygosity across all 61 SSR markers. Inbred lines that have residual heterozygosity of >15% need purification through further breeding and selection. Out of the resultant F1 hybrids analyzed, only four (4) showed genetic impurity of ≤10%. It may be attributed to the intrinsic genetic impurity of parental line CML 452 (21.67%). In contrast, hybrids generated from two genetically pure parents (e.g., CML 431 and CML 575) showed low to no off-types. Overall, genetic purity and diversity determination of promising parental lines can be valuable for future yellow corn breeding programs in the Philippines.
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MOWING AND GRAZING PHYTOCENOSES DEPENDING ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF GRASSES
Authors: BAIDALINA S , BAIDALINA M , KHUSAINOV A , KAZYDUB N , BAIKEN A
Published: July 2023

Studies of the photosynthetic activity of perennial grass mixtures allow for describing the peculiarities of the formation of perennial grass species forage productivity in the dry steppe zone. The study aimed to evaluate the cumulative effect of perennial cereal and legume grasses as part of complex grass mixtures on photosynthetic activity, productivity, and nutritional value of mowing and grazing phytocenoses. Adapting multicomponent grass created from various species of perennial grasses to the continental climate of the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan commenced, capable of resisting biotic and abiotic stresses due to biological characteristics and positively influencing other species in the phytocenoses. The study determined photosynthetic activity, the yield of green and dry masses, dry matter content, crude protein, metabolizable energy of natural pasture, single-species sowing of awnless brome, and multicomponent grass mixtures. The communal herbage obtained as a result of the study contained a large amount of crude protein (20.6%–24.7%), crude fat (2.0%–4.2%), crude fiber (18.0%–22.7%), crude ash (7.1%–7.7%), and nitrogen-free extractive substances (35.0%– 44.1%). The results further enunciated that the perennial grass herbage in question had an average photosynthetic potential of 1,450,330 m2×day ha-1 in single-species awnless brome crops, while in grass mixtures the said potential was higher, ranging from 1,510,250 to 1,815,250 m2×day ha-1. The authors concluded that it was necessary to create mowing and grazing fields composed of productive and stable perennial grass mixtures on degraded pasture lands to increase available forage for farm animals and improve the system's resistance to adverse conditions.
PRODUCTIVITY ASSESSMENT OF VARIOUS PLANT COMMUNITIES AT URANIUM MINE SITES IN CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: BUGUBAEVA A , KUPRIJANOV A , CHASHKOV V , KUANYSHBAEV S , VALIEV K , MAMIKHIN S , SHCHEGLOV A , NUGMANOV A , BULAEV A , SULTANGAZINA G , KUNANBAYEV K , CHERNYAVSKAYA O , BAUBEKOVA G , RUCHKINA G , SAFRONOVA O , UXIKBAYEVA M , SOKHAREV Y
Published: July 2023

Examining the overgrowth of dumps, techno-soils, and areas containing waste products of uranium mines is vital for understanding the dynamic features of vegetation cover in technogenic landscapes. The main aim of this study was to investigate variations in the plant species composition and their productivity in dumps and technological areas and the intensity of soil ionizing radiations under varying environmental conditions based on the Shantobe Uranium Deposit, Kazakhstan. The vegetation at the waste dumps and technogenic sites is in the early stages of syngenesis and is representative of pioneer and group-thicket communities. Adverse ecological conditions associated with intense sulfate salinization formation thrive at the technological sites. However, the floristic composition is illustrative of highly resistant species (Calamagrostis epigejos and Phragmites australis) and secondary species. Typically the formation of steppe zone plant communities of Kazakhstan does not occur in these sites. The productivity of the recultivated dump and banks of the former uranium mine is quite high at 120–150 g/m2, which matches the meadow-ruderal communities of Northern Kazakhstan. However, the lowest productivity of 30–37 g/m2 emerged in the non-recultivated and partially processed sulfuric acid heap leaching stacks containing uranium ore, which create exceedingly unfavorable conditions for the establishment of crop plants. Several plant species identified as self-seeding live in partially processed piles of sulfuric acid heap-leaching uranium ores with a sufficient level of resistance to survive in soil with high levels of sulfate-containing salts and ionizing radiation of 1200–1400 μR/hr. These facts can authenticate to consider the possibility of growing these plant species in the artificial grassing of uranium-containing dumps to create herbage.
COMPARISON OF rbcL AND trnH-psbA DNA BARCODES IN DIVERSE CAMELLIA SPECIES COLLECTION IN VIETNAM
Authors: HO VT , NGUYEN TH , NGUYEN LBN , NGUYEN TTN , NGUYEN MP
Published: July 2023

Camellia is a large genus in the tea family of Theaceae. In this genus, several species serve different purposes, such as, medicinal and ornamental plants and beverage production. Thus, country-wide cultivation of various species of Camellia genus sought to alleviate poverty and promote economic development in many regions. However, studies on evaluating its genetic resources as a foundation for the conservation and development of this plant are yet to start. Currently, using DNA barcoding often serves as a highly reliable approach to identifying and characterizing numerous plants. In the presented study, a total of 10 Camellia accessions collected from Dong Bua village, Tam Quan commune, District Tam Dao, and Vinh Phuc province, Vietnam, underwent study during 2020–2022 at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Vietnam. Evaluation of two DNA barcoding regions, namely, rbcL and trnH-psbA, transpired for their ability to distinguish the Camellia accessions belonging to different species in Vietnam. The results revealed a significant difference in the DNA sequences of the rbcL and trnH-psbA regions among the Camellia species. In addition, the trnH-psbA barcode region also showed higher effectiveness versus the rbcL region in recognizing various species of Camellia. The results authenticated the potential of DNA barcoding in the management, conservation, and development of the genetic resources of Camellia in Vietnam.
STATE AND PROSPECTS OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS USE IN AGRICULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: KENENBAEV SB , RAMAZANOVA SB , GUSEV VN
Published: July 2023

The article is a dedicated analysis of the production and use of mineral fertilizers globally, focusing on the agriculture of Kazakhstan. From 1950 to 2020, the fertilizer use ranged between 3.6–29.0 kg of NPK per hectare in arable agricultural land of Kazakhstan. The maximum benefit of fertilizers happened in 1986 in Kazakhstan, with 1,039 t of mineral fertilizers (active substances) applied at an area of 47% of the total arable land, while in 1965, the fertilized area was only 6.6% of the entire sown field. In Kazakhstan, the annual recommended need for mineral fertilizers is one million tons (active ingredient). The paper also discussed the influence of the long-term application of fertilizers on the leading indicators of soil fertility and crop productivity. Employing regression analysis also explored a high degree of probability of a positive relationship among the four viable factors, i.e., fertilizer use intensity, agrochemical indicators of the soil, crop plants yields, and their quality.
QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND GENOMIC ANALYSIS OF WHEAT GENOTYPES IN IRAQ
Authors: ISMAIL EN , MAJEED DM , ALAGELY HS , ABED AS , HUSSEIN GA
Published: July 2023

The breeding material comprising 17 Iraqi wheat cultivars belongs to three different types, i.e., a) salinity-tolerant cultivars (Dajla, Furat, 1H, 2H, 2N, 3H, 3N, and 7H), b) drought-tolerant cultivars (Sham-6 and Orok), and c) local cultivars (Iraq, Iba99, Iba95, Abu Ghraib-3, Adnanin, Tamoze, and Alrashid) underwent qualitative characteristics and genomic analysis studies in 2021-2022, at the Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. Measuring the percentage of protein, wet and dry gluten, and molecular fingerprinting used the randomly amplified polymorphic of DNA (RAPD) technique with six primers, with traits estimation using a dendrogram. The highest percentage of protein (24.5%), wet (52.7%), and dry gluten (27.3%) emerged from the wheat genotype Dajla. However, the recorded lowest percentages of wet (32.52%) and dry gluten (7.62%) appeared in wheat genotype Iba99. The cultivars Aadnania, Abu Ghraib-3, and Tamoze gave the lowest protein content of 9.45, 10.34, and 10.54, respectively. The cluster analysis divided 17 wheat genotypes into two large cluster groups. Amplification of all 365 loci used six primers. Fragments‟ size ranged from 100 bp to 2000 kb. The highest number of bands (73) was amplified with primer Pr-5, while the lowest number (48) was with primer Pr-1.
SULFUR APPLICATION IMPROVES THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) HYBRIDS
Authors: ASIF M , SAFDAR ME , AKHTAR N , GUL S , JAVED MA , RAZA N , HAQ I , SALEEM U , ASLAM MN
Published: July 2023

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a globally prominent oil seed. Sulfur is a vital nutrient that plays a crucial role in the growth and development of crop plants. Compared with other crops, oilseed crops require more sulfur for their role in oil biosynthesis and as an essential constituent of amino acids, vitamins, proteins, and enzyme structure. Its deficiency results in poor utilization of NPK and, ultimately, crop reduction in yield and quality. Hence, the study investigated the effect of different levels of sulfur on the harvest and quality attributes of various sunflower hybrids. The experiment comprised four sulfur levels (0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg per ha) and four sunflower hybrids coded as C124 × RH344, C112 × RSIN82, C116 × RH344, and C208 × RH445. The recorded data underwent analysis statistically using Fisher’s analysis of variance technique, and treatment means comparison followed Tukey’s honest significant difference test (HSD) at a 5% probability level. The results showed maximum plant height at maturity (75.80 cm), head diameter (17.90 cm), leaf area per plant (2,309.21 mm2), 100-achene weight (10.60 g), achene yield (2,806.61 kg ha-1), harvest index (26.58%), and oil content (48.46%), while minimum days to flower initiation (40.33 days) were evident when sowing hybrid C124 × RH344 with an application of 20 kg per ha sulfur.
HYDROGENATION TECHNOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY OF COTTONSEED OIL AND FATS
Authors: SATTAROV KK
Published: July 2023

The presented research describes the hydrogenation technology and the chemistry of vegetable oils and fats using powder and stationary catalysts. The hydrogenation technology process includes various equipment and materials, i.e., equipment for hydrogenation, laboratory flow reactor, autoclave for hydrogenation on powder nickel-copper catalyst, hydrogenation catalysts, and selection of alloy stationary catalysts and their structure. The hydrogenation process includes selecting alloy nickelaluminum catalyst promoters, measuring the viscosity of hydrogenated fat, using static catalysts as forcontacts, kinetic regularities of cotton oil hydrogenation with new modifications of nickel-copperaluminum alloy promoted catalysts, and reception of food hydrogenated fat by consecutive hydrogenation of cotton oil on powder and stationary catalysts. Modifying immobile nickel-copperaluminum alloy catalysts also evolved with the addition of vanadium, rhodium, and palladium in the hydrogenation process. The cotton oil pre-contact hydrogenation on stationary and powder nickelcopper catalysts is a novel development. It ensures an increase in the physiological and nutritional value of margarine products based on hydrogenated food fat. Studying the influence of technological regimes of cotton oil hydrogenation on new modifications of stationary nickel-copper-aluminum promoted catalysts commenced. The obtained results established the technological parameters for acquiring food and confectionery salons by combining stationary and suspended catalysts. Likewise, a combination of stationary and suspended catalysts has instituted the industrial parameters for the production of food and confectionery salons based on the effects of technological regimes (temperature, pressure, oil, and hydrogen supply rates) of cottonseed oil hydrogenation on new modifications of stationary nickel-copper-aluminum promoted catalysts.
HETEROSIS AND LINE-BY-TESTER COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND PROVITAMIN A IN MAIZE
Authors: TABU I , LUBOBO K , MBUYA K , KIMUNI N
Published: July 2023

Developing a high-yielding and provitamin A-rich maize variety is one of the best approaches to reduce malnutrition and increase production, especially in regions where maize is a staple food, such as, the former Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, it requires a good knowledge of combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and provitamin A. Thus, evaluating grain yield, provitamin A content and other agronomic traits of eight lines, four testers, and their 32 hybrids occurred during the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 cropping seasons. The results showed that genetic parameters related to combining ability and heterosis among various F1 hybrids influenced all the studied traits except plant height. The parental genotypes P6 and P10 were suitable for improving 100-kernel weight, grain yield, stature at ear insertion, and provitamin A content. The parental genotypes P7, P4, and P2 were promising for provitamin A content, while the parental genotype P3 was leading for grain yield. Five hybrids (P10 × P5, P10 × P6, P10 × P7, P10 × P8, and P11 × P5) showed distinction as the best specific combinations for improving productivity and provitamin A content. The F1 hybrid P10 × P6 with desirable specific combining ability revealed that it is helpful as the best combination in producing double and triple hybrids with the highest yield and provitamin A potential. Crosses P10 × P5 and P11 × P5 can serve as the best cross combinations for grain yield, while hybrids P10 × P7 and P10 × P8 showed promising for provitamin A content. The presented results could benefit future breeding programs to develop maize genotypes with high yield and provitamin A elements, alleviating food insecurity and malnutrition.
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF SOME SPECIES OF CYPERACEAE BASED ON DNA INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS (ITS) IN IRAQ
Authors: HAMID BA , AL-RUFAYE ZTA , KHALEEL HA , ABIDUKADHIM AR
Published: July 2023

Cyperaceae is the third-largest monocot family and has ecological and commercial significance worldwide. It is also a perfect model family for evolutionary research due to species diversity and the wide range of variations in lineage diversity. Using a nuclear region internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the current study attempted to identify the three species (Carex otrubae, Bolboschoenus fluviatilis, and Eleocharis palustris) and examine their relationships within the Cyperaceae family. In 2021, gathering of samples transpired from various locations along the Al-Hussainiya River in Iraq and the National Herbarium. According to the findings, the length of the fragments sequenced ranged between 750 and 1000 bp. Results also showed the sequence alignments between the two species (Carex otrubae and Bolboschoenus fluviatilis) have similarities and differences with those deposited in the Genome Bank. However, the Eleocharis palustris showed complete similarity in all regions of the nitrogenous base sequences with species deposited in the Genome Bank.
THE CURRENT SITUATION OF DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING AND DEBATING COMPETENCIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION OF LITERARY TEXTS: A CASE STUDY OF SOME NORTHERN PROVINCES OF VIETNAM
Authors: Dieu Thuong Nguyen
Published: July 2023

Critical thinking and debating competencies are oriented in the 2018 general education program in Vietnam. These competencies are in the group of general competencies integrated into many subjects, including Philology and reading comprehension of literary texts. To ensure the effective implementation of the goals, it is necessary to conduct research in association with practice. Therefore, it is necessary to survey the current situation of teaching and developing reading comprehension of literary texts. This study was conducted with 10 experts (program trainers of the general education program), 215 teachers and 410 students (from 9 schools in the North of Vietnam). The survey results show that there are still many limitations in the perception of teachers and students about critical thinking. Actually organizing, evaluating and implementing activities to develop critical thinking competence in teaching reading comprehension of literary texts in their primitive form. It is necessary to propose measures to promote the development of critical thinking and debating competencies for secondary school students in accordance with the current situation in Vietnam.
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TÌNH TRẠNG STRESS, LO ÂU, TRẦM CẢM Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ DẠ DẦY SAU TRUYỀN HÓA CHẤT
Authors: Lưu Thị Trang Ngân , Trần Minh Hậu , Phạm Thị Thu Hằng
Published: July 2023

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 318 người bệnh ung thư dạ dầy đang điều trị tại Viện Ung thư thuộc Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Mục tiêu: Xác định một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng stress, lo âu và trầm cảm của bệnh nhân ung thư dạ dầy sau truyền hóa chất. Phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả qua cuộc điều tra cắt ngang có phân tích. Sử dụng bộ công cụ DASS-21 để đánh giá tình trạng stress, lo âu, trầm cảm đã được khuyến nghị bởi Viện Sức khỏe tâm thần Quốc gia về cách cách đánh giá. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: Cơ thể người bệnh càng có nhiều phản ứng trong quá trình điều trị thì càng dễ bị stress, lo âu và trầm cảm (với OR=9,34;  p<0,05); Sự hỗ trợ xã hội đối với người bệnh càng ít thì người bệnh càng dễ bị stress, lo âu và trầm cảm (với OR=9,87; p<0,05); Người bệnh có nhiều áp lực trong công việc gia đình và xã hội thì càng dễ bị stress, lo âu trầm cảm (với OR=5,87; p<0,05).

Kết luận: Các yếu tố có liên quan đến trạng thái stress, lo âu, trầm cảm ở người bệnh ung thư dạ dầy sau truyền hóa chất gồm: phản ứng của cơ thể trong điều trị; Sự quan tâm giúp đỡ của xã hội; Áp lực công việc gia đình và xã hội.
Аналіз діяльності закладів ресторанного бізнесу в Україні під час війни
Authors: Гузар У. Є. , Левчук А. В.
Published: July 2023

У статті проаналізовано діяльність закладів ресторанного бізнесу в Україні під час війни. З’ясовано, що на кінець травня 2022 року в Україні закрилися 37% закладів громадського харчування, відповідно ресторанний сектор втратив до 60% працівників, а прибутки скоротилися вполовину або й більше. Визначено, що український ресторанний бізнес зробив вибір на користь невеликих та гнучких форматів: пекарень, кав'ярень, кафе та фастфуду, тоді як найгіршу динаміку показали бари. Досліджено, що лідерами відновлення діяльності є кав'ярні, невеликі пекарні і ресторани класу «люкс». Розглянуто досвід релокованих закладів ресторанного бізнесу під час війни в Україні з метою удосконалення рекомендацій ведення бізнесу у кризовий період. На основі аналізу діяльності закладів ресторанного бізнесу, яким вдалося відновити свою діяльність, сформовано проблеми з якими зіткнулися підприємства. Визначено, що в майбутньому відновленню ресторанного бізнесу в Україні сприятиме активна інвестиційна політика, застосування інновацій та підтримка світової спільноти.
Pengenaan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Atas Sedan Dan Station Wagon Sebelum Dan Sesudah Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan
Authors: Hutajulu Dicky Pranata , Wijaya Suparna
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan mekanisme pengenaan pajak pertambahan nilai atas transaksi yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha kena pajak terhadap kendaraan jenis sedan dan station wagon sebelum dengan setelah berlakunya undang-undang harmonisasi peraturan perpajakan (HPP).  Untuk mendukung pencapaian tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pengenaan pajak pertambahan nilai atas kendaraan sedan dan station wagon setelah berlakunya undang-undang harmonisasi peraturan perpajakan mengalami perubahan jika dibandingkan sebelum berlakunya undang-undang harmonisasi peraturan perpajakan. Namun, aturan turunan yang mengatur mekanisme pengenaan pajak pertambahan nilai pada kendaraan sedan dan station wagon lebih lanjut belum dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah terutama Kementerian Keuangan.