bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using modelling to make culturally responsive pedagogy explicit in preservice teacher education in Finland
Authors: Acquah Emmanuel O. , Szelei Nikolett , Katz Heidi T.
Published: August 2019

Despite multiculturalism being discussed in teacher education, teachers still often feel insecure in the classroom around developing meaningful practices. This might be due to several issues about how preservice teachers are taught. In this article, modelling culturally responsive pedagogy is demonstrated as a promising strategy in shaping preservice teachers’ learning experiences and facilitating the finding of pedagogical responses in their future work. The article examines preservice teachers’ awareness of modelling as a teaching strategy in a multicultural education course in Finland, and the ways in which they connected the modelled strategy to their own learning and intentions for future teaching. A total of 246 reflective learning journals were analysed qualitatively, using a constant comparison approach. The results indicate that preservice teachers recognised and reflected on modelling culturally responsive pedagogy. They highlighted several aspects of the culturally responsive activities, environment and teacher educator behaviours modelled for them. For some preservice teachers, this recognition stayed at the level of personal awareness of own learning on the course, but for others these revelations were springboards to start forming ideas about future teaching practice. Preservice teachers articulated their intentions about the kind of teachers they would like to become, their principles in teaching, as well as specific teaching/learning activities. We present how the modelling of culturally responsive pedagogy strategies allowed preservice teachers to self‐reflect, critique and connect their own learning experiences to future practice. Therefore, modelling culturally responsive pedagogy is argued to be a fruitful strategy in teacher education.
Oral supplementation with ginseng polysaccharide promotes food intake in mice
Authors: Wang Jiawen , Li Yongxiang , Luo Pei , Chen Yuhuang , Xi Qianyun , Wu Hanyu , Zhao Weijie , Shu Gang , Wang Songbo , Gao Ping , Zhu Xiaotong , Zhang Yongliang , Jiang Qingyan , Wang Lina
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Ginseng polysaccharide (GPS, same as Panax polysaccharide) is a kind of polysaccharide extracted from ginseng. It has been reported that GPS has the ability to activate innate immunity, regulates blood sugar balance, and improves antioxidant capacity, but the effect on feeding behavior and its mechanism remains unclear.

Method

To investigate the possible effect of GPS on feeding behavior of animals, mice were supplied with GPS in water, and food intake, hedonic feeding behavior, anxiety‐like behavior, expression of appetite‐regulation peptides in the central nervous system and glucose‐related hormone levels in the serum of mice were measured.

Results

Ginseng polysaccharide significantly increased the average daily food intake in mice and promoted hedonic eating behavior. Meanwhile, the levels of serum glucose and glucagon were significantly reduced by GPS, and GPS promoted hypothalamic neuropeptide Y expression, inhibited proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression, and reduced dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) levels in the midbrain. We also found that the anxiety level of mice was significantly lower after GPS intake. In conclusion, oral supplementation with GPS promoted food intake in mice, most likely through the regulation of circulating glucose levels.
Field‐programmable gate array‐based laboratory oriented to control theory courses
Authors: Cruz‐Miguel Edson E. , Rodríguez‐Reséndiz Juvenal , García‐Martínez José R. , Camarillo‐Gómez Karla A. , Pérez‐Soto Gerardo I.
Published: August 2019

This article presents a methodology to improve the performance of learning of students in the major of Automation Engineering, through the development of a multidisciplinary project that involves the use of contemporary technological tools and knowledge of previous subjects. It is sought to add in their educational training, theory and practice for the student, learning, new knowledge, and skills within their training as an engineer. Despite advances in teaching methods and the inclusion of contemporary tools in the learning process, the success rate is low. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of student learning is made by integrating a multidisciplinary project based on contemporary tools compared with other reviewed works. This laboratory based on a field‐programmable gate array helps the student to acquire skills related to the implementation of reconfigurable logic and instrumentation applied to control theory. The development of the final project involves the design of a graphic user interface, hardware description, communication protocols, and implementation of motion control, it is looking for is that the student can relate theory to practice in order to motivate and increase skills and knowledge, as well as solving both didactic and industrial problems. The results obtained show that the students are satisfied with the course and that the experience with the integration of this type of multidisciplinary projects directly impacts the motivation and learning of the student, considerably increased developed based on the specific indicators that the Querétaro State University has accredited by Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology since 2016.
Clinical outcomes of BRAF plus MEK inhibition in melanoma: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Yu Qingliang , Xie Jiayi , Li Jiangmiao , Lu Yunxin , Liao Liang
Published: August 2019

Background

Melanoma is a potentially fatal malignancy with poor prognosis. Several recent studies have demonstrated that combination therapy of BRAF and MEK inhibition achieved better curative effect and appeared less toxic effects. We conducted a meta‐analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety between BRAF inhibition plus MEK inhibition combination therapy and BRAF inhibition monotherapy in melanoma patients.

Methods

We performed the search in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from January 2010 to January 2019. Inclusion and exclusion of studies, assessment of quality, outcome measures, data extraction, and synthesis were independently accomplished by two reviewers. Revman 5.3 software was used for the meta‐analysis.

Results

Totally, seven randomized controlled trials involving 3146 patients met our inclusion criteria. Comparing the results of combination therapy and monotherapy, combination therapy significantly improved OS (RR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.19; P < 0.00001), ORR (RR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.28, 1.45; P < 0.00001), PFS (RR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.52, 0.63; P < 0.00001) and reduced deaths (RR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69, 0.88; P < 0.0001). Skin‐related adverse events such as hyperkeratosis, cutaneous squamous‐cell carcinoma were less compared with monotherapy. However, gastrointestinal events like nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting were at a higher frequency.

Conclusion

Doublet BRAF and MEK inhibition achieved better survival outcomes over single‐agent BRAF inhibition and occurred less skin‐related events, but gastrointestinal events were more in combination therapy.
Electrochemical Characterization of Isolated Nitrogenase Cofactors from Azotobacter vinelandii
Authors: Lydon Brian R. , Lee Chi Chung , Tanifuji Kazuki , Sickerman Nathaniel S. , Newcomb Megan P. , Hu Yilin , Ribbe Markus W. , Yang Jenny Y.
Published: August 2019

The nitrogenase cofactors are structurally and functionally unique in biological chemistry. Despite a substantial amount of spectroscopic characterization of protein‐bound and isolated nitrogenase cofactors, electrochemical characterization of these cofactors and their related species is far from complete. Herein we present voltammetric studies of three isolated nitrogenase cofactor species: the iron–molybdenum cofactor (M‐cluster), iron–vanadium cofactor (V‐cluster), and a homologue to the iron–iron cofactor (L‐cluster). We observe two reductive events in the redox profiles of all three cofactors. Of the three, the V‐cluster is the most reducing. The reduction potentials of the isolated cofactors are significantly more negative than previously measured values within the molybdenum–iron and vanadium–iron proteins. The outcome of this study provides insight into the importance of the heterometal identity, the overall ligation of the cluster, and the impact of the protein scaffolds on the overall electronic structures of the cofactors.
Up‐regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and HIF‐1α expression during neural progenitor cell induction following glutamate treatment in rat ex vivo retina
Authors: Tokuda Kazuhiro , Baron Byron , Yamashiro Chiemi , Kuramitsu Yasuhiro , Kitagawa Takao , Kobayashi Masaaki , Sonoda Koh‐Hei , Kimura Kazuhiro
Published: August 2019

The metabolic state influences the regulation of neural stem/progenitor cells. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), an alternative metabolic pathway that operates parallel to glycolysis, not only provides key intermediates for biosynthetic reactions but also controls the fate of neural stem/progenitor cells. We have previously shown that glutamate application leads to the induction of neural progenitor cells in mature ex vivo rat retina. In this study, we investigated whether regulation of the PPP might be changed following glutamate treatment of the retina. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the amount of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate‐limiting enzyme of the PPP as well as that of 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), another enzyme in this pathway, increased in the glutamate‐treated retina. Consistent with the fact that both these enzymes generate reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), the amount of NAPDH in the treated retina was significantly higher compared with that in the untreated retina. We also found that both DNA synthesis as well as the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) increased significantly in the glutamate‐treated retina. Furthermore, hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐α (HIF‐1α), a positive transcriptional regulator of PPP enzymes, was up‐regulated at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Finally, we found the interaction of HIF‐1α with the M2 isozyme of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), with this interaction having been shown to contribute to a positive feedback loop in the control of glycolysis. Our results thus show that specific metabolic change in the PPP occurs in the process of neural progenitor cell induction in the mature rat retina.
km23‐1/DYNLRB1 regulation of MEK/ERK signaling and R‐Ras in invasive human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Raza Asif , Pandey Madhu S. , Jin Qunyan , Mulder Kathleen M.
Published: August 2019

We previously found that km23‐1/DYNLRB1 is required for transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) production through Ras/ERK pathways in TGFβ‐sensitive epithelial cells and in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Here we demonstrate that km23‐1/DYNLRB1 is required for mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) activation in human CRC cells, detected by km23‐1/DYNLRB1‐siRNA inhibition of phospho‐(p)‐MEK immunostaining in RKO cells. Furthermore, we show that CRISPR‐Cas9 knock‐out (KO) of km23‐1/DYNLRB1 reduced cell migration in two additional CRC models, HCT116 and DLD‐1. Of interest, in contrast to our previous work showing that dynein motor activity was required for TGFβ‐mediated nuclear translocation of Smad2, in the current report, we demonstrate for the first time that disruption of dynein motor activity did not reduce TGFβ‐mediated activation of MEK1/2 or c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, size exclusion chromatography of RKO cell lysates revealed that B‐Raf, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), and p‐ERK were not present in the large molecular weight fractions containing dynein holocomplex components. Furthermore, sucrose gradient fractionation of cell lysates from both HCT116 and CBS CRC cells demonstrated that km23‐1/DYNLRB1 co‐sedimented with Ras, p‐ERK, and ERK in fractions that did not contain components of holo‐dynein. Thus, km23‐1/DYNLRB1 may be associated with activated Ras/ERK signaling complexes in cell compartments that do not contain the dynein holoprotein complex, suggesting dynein‐independent km23‐1/DYNLRB1 functions in Ras/ERK signaling. Finally, of the Ras isoforms, R‐Ras is most often associated with cell migration, adhesion, and protrusive activity. Here, we show that a significant fraction of km23‐1/DYNLRB1 and RRas wase co‐localized at the protruding edges of migrating HCT116 cells, suggesting an important role for the km23‐1/DYNLRB1‐R‐Ras complex in CRC invasion.
RNA‐binding protein SFPQ cooperates with HDAC1 to suppress CD40 transcription in pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts
Authors: Pan Yan‐Yun , Yang Jin‐Xiu , Mao Wei , Wang Xing‐Xiang
Published: August 2019

Pulmonary artery adventitial fibroblasts, the most abundant cellular constituent of adventitia, are often the first to be activated and reprogrammed to then influence the tone and structure of the vessel wall in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Our previous study found that interruption of CD40 ligand (CD40L)‐CD40 signaling improves the efficacy of transplanted endothelial progenitor cells in monocrotaline induced‐PAH. However, whether CD40L‐CD40 signaling is involved in the activation of adventitial fibroblasts in PAH and whether Drosophila behavior human splicing (DBHS) protein family members have any roles during adventitial fibroblasts activation are completely unclear. Here, we show that soluble CD40L (sCD40L) stimulation progressively increases pro‐inflammatory activity, proliferation, and migration of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts. Besides, sCD40L stimulation decreases splicing factor proline‐ and glutamine‐rich protein (SFPQ) protein (one member of DBHS protein family) expression, while SFPQ overexpression suppresses sCD40L stimulation‐induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts by repressing CD40 transcription. Moreover, ChIP assays found that sCD40L stimulation promotes histone H3 tri‐methylation at lysine 4 (H3K4me3), H3K36me3, and H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) modifications on CD40 promoter region in pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts, while SFPQ overexpression decreases H3K36me3 modification and increases H3K36ac on CD40 promoter region by interacting with histone deacetylase‐1 (HDAC1) to inhibit CD40 transcription. This in‐depth study shows that CD40L‐CD40 signaling promotes activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts by increasing proliferation, migration, and pro‐inﬂammatory activity of adventitial fibroblasts, and SFPQ could inhibit CD40 transcription though switching H3K36me3 to H3K36ac modifications on its promoter by interacting with HDAC1. This study, first, uncovers the roles of SFPQ on CD40L‐CD40 signaling‐mediated activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts.
Cardamonin induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis via activation of the JNK–FOXO3a pathway in breast cancer cells
Authors: Kong Weiwei , Li Chuang , Qi Qiaofang , Shen Jiahui , Chang Kaiwen
Published: August 2019

Cardamonin (CD), a naturally occurring chalcone isolated from large black cardamom, was previously reported to suppress the proliferation of breast cancer cells. However, its precise molecular anti‐tumor mechanisms have not been well elucidated. In this study, we found that CD markedly inhibited the proliferation of MDA‐MB 231 and MCF‐7 breast cancer cells through the induction of G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a pivotal role in the inhibition of CD‐induced cell proliferation. Treatment withN‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, blocked CD‐induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis in this study. Quenching of ROS by overexpression of catalase also blocked CD‐induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We showed that CD enhanced the expression and nuclear translocation of Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) via upstream c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, inducing the expression of FOXO3a and its target genes, including p21, p27, and Bim. This process led to the reduction of cyclin D1 and enhancement of activated caspase‐3 expression. The addition of NAC markedly reversed these effects, knockdown of FOXO3a using small interfering RNA also decreased CD‐induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. In vivo, CD efficiently suppressed the growth of MDA‐MB 231 breast cancer xenograft tumors. Taken together, our data provide a molecular mechanistic rationale for CD‐induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
Photoactive Polyoxometalate/DASA Covalent Hybrids for Photopolymerization in the Visible Range
Authors: Boulmier Amandine , Haouas Mohamed , Tomane Somia , Michely Laurent , Dolbecq Anne , Vallée Anne , Brezová Vlasta , Versace Davy‐Louis , Mialane Pierre , Oms Olivier
Published: August 2019

The synthesis of TBA‐DASA‐POM‐DASA, the first photoactive covalent hybrid polyoxometalate (POM) incorporating a donor–acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA) reverse photochrome, is presented. It has been evidenced that in solution the equilibrium between the colorless cyclopentenone and the highly colored triene conformers is strongly dependent not only on the nature of the solvent but also the countercations, allowing to tune its optical properties. This complex has been further associated to photochromic spironaphtoxazine cations, resulting in a material which can be activated by two distinct optical stimuli. Moreover, when combined with N‐methyldiethanolamine, TBA‐DASA‐POM‐DASA constitutes a performing photoinitiating system for polyethylene glycol diacrylate polymerization and under visible light irradiation, a promising result in a domain scarcely developed in POM chemistry.
A Multi‐crosslinking Nanocapsule‐Based Serial‐Stimuli‐Responsive Leakage‐Free Drug‐Delivery System In Vitro
Authors: Liu Yazhou , Shen Tianjiao , Gao Congcong , Abdulhadi El‐Ali H. A. , Gao Na , Yang Chunlei , Zhang Rubo , Jing Jing , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: August 2019

As some stimuli utilized in conventional drug delivery systems can also be found in normal cells, it is inevitable that encapsulated drugs escape from carriers into normal cells. Based on mutual interactions among proteins, polyphenol compounds, and metal ions, we developed a serial‐stimuli‐responsive drug delivery system. With multi‐crosslinking structure, nanocapsules can maintain the integrity of the framework, even with a certain amount of stimuli present, and eventually reach tumor cells to initiate apoptosis, and protect normal cells from being damaged. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of DOX will be quenched when encapsulated in nanocapsules. This property means that the DOX that is released from nanocapsules can be monitored in real‐time based on the recovery of fluorescence. These versatile nanocapsules exhibit great potentials to treat cancer.
Phosphole‐Fused Dehydropurpurins via Titanium‐Mediated [2+2+1] Cyclization Strategy
Authors: Higashino Tomohiro , Nishimura Issei , Imahori Hiroshi
Published: August 2019

A [2+2+1] cyclization strategy of bis(alkynyl)porphyrin using low‐valent titanium species, generated in situ, afforded phosphole‐fused dehydropurpurins for the first time. The systematic investigations on the electronic properties of the dehydropurpurins revealed their unique features owing to the oxidation states of the phosphorus atom on the fused phosphole ring. The phosphole P=O and P=S derivatives were found to possess high electron‐accepting character derived from phosphorus(V) centers without the contribution of 24π antiaromatic character, suggesting their potential utility as electron‐accepting materials. In contrast, the phosphorus(III) derivatives revealed different optical and electrochemical properties arising from both 18π aromatic and 24π antiaromatic networks including the lone pair of the phosphorus(III) atom. Overall, the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom has a clear impact on the whole electronic properties, demonstrating the advantages of chemical modifications of the phosphorus center for creating an exotic π‐system. The application of titanium‐mediated [2+2+1] cyclization to porphyrins is highly promising for expanding a world of heterole‐fused porphyrinoids.
Pentafluoroethylation of Arenediazonium Tetrafluoroborates Using On‐Site Generated Tetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Xing Bo , Li Lingchun , Ni Chuanfa , Hu Jinbo
Published: August 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusion

Copper‐mediated pentafluoroethylation of arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates with tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) on‐site generated from TMSCF3 has been developed as a new method to prepare pentafluoroethyl arenes. The active pentafluoroethylation reagent “CuC2F5” is pre‐generated from CuSCN, TFE and CsF, and its generation and further reaction are strongly solvent‐dependent. This pentafluoroethylation reaction represents the first example of Sandmeyer‐type pentafluoroethylation, which exhibits good functional group tolerance and potential applications for the synthesis of complicated bioactive compounds.
Assessment of Sertoli Cell Proliferation by 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide and Sulforhodamine B Assays
Authors: Martins Ana D. , Oliveira Pedro F. , Alves Marco G.
Published: August 2019

The correct functioning of Sertoli cells (SCs) is pivotal for successful spermatogenesis. They are major targets for hormones, endocrine disruptors, and other substances that men are subjected to every day. One of the main SC functions that quickly responds to a deleterious stimulus is proliferation. This is directly related to the in vivo capacity of these cells to sustain a good number of developing germ cells. The protocols in this article can be tested on SCs of different origin. For the case of human SCs from small human testicular biopsies, a short and simple protocol to isolate and culture these cells is provided. The other protocols discussed herein represent two different procedures, somewhat complementary, to assess SC proliferation. In brief, the sulforhodamine B assay allows the investigator to dye healthy fixed SCs maintained in culture. In the MTT assay, on the other hand, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) is reduced by live SCs. These methods are mostly used to evaluate how SC proliferative activity responds to exposure to compounds such as toxicants or hormones. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A holistic approach to manage environmental quality by using the Kano model and social cognitive theory
Authors: Dace Elina , Stibe Agnis , Timma Lelde
Published: August 2019

Since its first proposition in 1984, the Kano model has been used extensively in a variety of contexts within industries and academic research demonstrating its wide applicability. The Kano model allows for describing the relationship between an objective aspect and a subjective aspect. Yet is this relevant for environmental quality as well? In this study, we explore the cases where the Kano model is used for assessing environmental quality and its perception by consumers and identify the potential influencing factors for its application with this respect. We find that the Kano model can serve as an effective tool for converging towards environmental quality and sustainability by indicating the direction from a social and behavioral choice perspective. We propose an integration of the Kano model with Bandura's triangle (a concept of the social cognitive theory) to create an instrument for driving change of customer attitude and behavior via changing the perception of environmental quality.
Corporate financial performance due to sustainable development in Vietnam
Authors: Tien Nguyen Hoang , Anh Dinh Ba Hung , Ngoc Nguyen Minh
Published: August 2019

Social responsibility and environmental sustainability issues began to be paid attention in Vietnam due to the impressive economic development in recent years. However, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is still quite a new management concept, especially for small and medium enterprises. Managers are facing multiple obstacles in executing CSR programs in accordance with international standards. Regarding corporate environmental sustainability (CES), the idea of sustainable development is a rising trend in today's business reality. Essentially, CSR is regarded as a part of the overall sustainability issues. For the purpose of studying the impact of CSR and CES on corporate financial performance (CFP), quantitative method has been used to examine the relation between CSR and CFP. Qualitative method has been applied to verify the relation between CSR, CES, and CFP. On the basis of findings, several useful suggestions are made for managers to improve business performance and sustainable development in Vietnam.
RAD‐EI: A routing attack detection scheme for edge‐based Internet of Things environment
Authors: Wazid Mohammad , Reshma Dsouza Poonam , Das Ashok Kumar , Bhat K Vivekananda , Kumar Neeraj , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C.
Published: August 2019

Internet of Things (IoT) offers various types of application services in different domains, such as “smart infrastructure, health‐care, critical infrastructure, and intelligent transportation system.” The name edge computing signifies a corner or edge in a network at which traffic enters or exits from the network. In edge computing, the data analysis task happens very close to the IoT smart sensors and devices. Edge computing can also speed up the analysis process, which allows decision makers to take action within a short duration of time. However, edge‐based IoT environment has several security and privacy issues similar to those for the cloud‐based IoT environment. Various types of attacks, such as “replay, man‐in‐the middle, impersonation, password guessing, routing attack, and other denial of service attacks” may be possible in edge‐based IoT environment. The routing attacker nodes have the capability to deviate and disrupt the normal flow of traffic. These malicious nodes do not send packets (messages) to the edge node and only send packets to its neighbor collaborator attacker nodes. Therefore, in the presence of such kind of routing attack, edge node does not get the information or sometimes it gets the partial information. This further affects the overall performance of communication of edge‐based IoT environment. In the presence of such an attack, the “throughput of the network” decreases, “end‐to‐end delay” increases, “packet delivery ratio” decreases, and other parameters also get affected. Consequently, it is important to provide solution for such kind of attack. In this paper, we design an intrusion detection scheme for the detection of routing attack in edge‐based IoT environment called as RAD‐EI. We simulate RAD‐EI using the widely used “NS2 simulator” to measure different network parameters. Furthermore, we provide the security analysis of RAD‐EI to prove its resilience against routing attacks. RAD‐EI accomplishes around 95.0% “detection rate” and 1.23% “false positive rate” that are notably better than other related existing schemes. In addition, RAD‐EI is efficient in terms of computation and communication costs. As a result, RAD‐EI is a good match for some critical and sensitive applications, such as smart security and surveillance system.
The independent and interacting effects of weight suppression and admission body mass index on treatment weight change in patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa
Authors: Piers Amani D. , Espel‐Huynh Hallie M. , Lowe Michael R.
Published: August 2019

Objective

Weight suppression (WS) and body mass index (BMI) have predicted weight change in individuals with eating disorders, but the interaction between these variables is understudied. Furthermore, WS is usually measured as absolute WS—the numeric difference between current weight and highest past weight—overlooking the potentially important influence of how much a person weighed at their highest historical weight.

Method

The current study investigated the independent and interacting effects of BMI and two measures of WS at admission on residential treatment weight change. WS measures included absolute WS and the relative WS index, the percentage of total body weight lost from highest past weight. Participants were women with anorexia nervosa (n = 357) or bulimia nervosa (n = 293) who provided complete data, 87% of the eligible treatment sample.

Results

In both diagnostic subsamples, BMI, absolute WS, and the relative WS index all significantly predicted weight change. The interaction between BMI and WS predicted weight change, but only when the relative WS index was used.

Discussion

Results highlight the potential importance of considering an individual's weight and weight history when predicting their treatment weight change and support the importance of utilizing both methods of calculating WS in future research.
B–N Cleavage in (9‐BBN)bis(pyrazolyl)borate NiII Complexes
Authors: Zhao Qianyi , Dou Ting , Guan Xin‐Ting , Xu Ting , Chen Ming‐Jing , Zhang Jie , Chen Xuenian
Published: August 2019

Three kinds of NiII complexes, the singly hydroxo‐bridged complex 2, doubly hydroxo‐bridged complexes 3a and 3b, and dinuclear Ni complex 4, were readily prepared from reactions of the salt K[(BBN)BpR] {(BBN)BpR = (9‐BBN)bis(pyrazolyl)borate} and the NiCl2(PPh3)2 precursor via B–N bond cleavage process in dichloromethane or toluene. Complex 2 is a rare example of partial hydrolysis of the coordinated pyrazolylborate ligand, while complexes 3a and 3b demonstrate the unreported new form that complete hydrolyses of the coordinated pyrazolylborate ligand produced. Different mechanisms for the formation of complexes 2–4 are proposed.
A Mild Synthesis of Bicyclic Alkoxyoxazolium Salts from Proline and Pipecolic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Spinozzi Eleonora , Bauer Adriano , Maulide Nuno
Published: August 2019

A regio‐ and chemoselective preparation of bicyclic alkoxyoxazolium salts from amide derivatives of proline and pipecolic acid by electrophilic amide activation is reported. Mechanistic NMR experiments suggest an unusual role for the base and highlight the effect of substitution pattern of the substrates.
Self‐assembly of p‐Aminothiophenol on Gold Surface: Application for Impedimetric and Potentiometric Sensing of Cobalt (II) Ions – A Comparative Study
Authors: Kaur Sarbjeet , Kaur Inderpreet
Published: August 2019

Cobalt, despite an essential biological element, imposes threat to humans when exposed to high concentration or even to low concentration for long term which demands the development of highly sensitive and selective analytical methods for its trace analysis. In the present work, self‐assembly of p‐aminothiophenol (p‐ATP) on gold surface (Au−ATP SAM) was carried out and for the first time, applied as a platform for impedimetric and potentiometric sensing of Co2+. Au−ATP SAM was characterized using electrochemical techniques: cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), in the presence of two redox probes: [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− and [Ru(NH3)6]2+/3+ to evaluate associated passivating behaviour. Au−ATP SAM completely blocked [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− as compared to [Ru(NH3)6]2+/3+ which may be attributed to inner‐sphere and outer‐sphere ET mechanisms, respectively. Au−ATP SAM was found to exhibit excellent sensitivity towards Co2+ in a wider concentration range from 1.0×10−12 M to 1.0×10−5 M (r2=0.963) at pH 5.5 with a detection limit of 6.0×10−13 M and superior selectivity. Further, carbon paste electrode (CPE) was prepared by incorporating p‐ATP bound gold nanoparticles and explored for potentiometric sensing of Co2+ which exhibited Nernstian slope of 29.2±0.2 mV/dec in linear concentration range of 1.0×10−6 M–1.0×10−1 M (r2=0.971) with a detection limit of 8.0×10−7 M. The proposed sensors were successfully applied for estimation of Co2+ content in water samples.
Experimental study on the seepage characteristics of bituminous coal under the conditions of liquid nitrogen fracturing
Authors: Chen Shuai , Zhang Lei , Zhang Cun , Huang Mengqian
Published: August 2019

In coalbed methane (CBM) exploitation, liquid nitrogen (LN2) fracturing has attracted much attention as a promising and effective means to enhance coal seam permeability. Considering the bituminous coal in the Xutuan coal mine of Anhui Province, China, the permeability characteristics of coal samples under different pressure and stress conditions, and a single LN2 treatment and cyclic fracturing conditions were studied. Additionally, an evaluation of the macroscopic cracking behavior of coal was carried out. LN2 treatment can be very effective in promoting the generation of macroscopic fissures in the coal, and the degree of damage increases with the number of fracturing cycles. The results of a single LN2 treatment showed that under a constant confining pressure, the permeability increased exponentially with the increase in gas pressure. The cyclic LN2 treatment showed that permeability first decreased and then increased with increasing gas pressure, which is consistent with the quadratic function distribution. The permeability of the coal sample increases exponentially with the number of cycles, but the growth rate gradually slows down. For the same absolute fracturing time, cyclic fracturing had a better fracturing effect than a single cycle, and the ratio of the permeability increment is 126.3%‐213.8%. The research results provide some guidance for the development of the LN2 freeze fracturing technology.
Adverse effects induced by chronic gamma irradiation in progeny of adult fish not affecting parental reproductive performance
Authors: Guirandy Noémie , Gagnaire Béatrice , Frelon Sandrine , Munch Thomas , Dubourg Nicolas , Camilleri Virginie , Cavalié Isabelle , Floriani Magali , Arcanjo Caroline , Murat El Houdigui Sophia , Armant Olivier , Adam-Guillermin Christelle , Gonzalez Patrice , Simon Olivier
Published: August 2019

Multigenerational studies have become of great interest in ecotoxicology since the consequence of parental exposure to contaminants on offspring generations was established in situ or in laboratory conditions. The present study mainly examined the chronic effects of external Cs-137 gamma irradiation exposure at 4 dose rates (control, 0.5, 5, and 50 mGy h–1) on adult zebrafish (F0) exposed for 10 d and their progeny (F1) exposed or unexposed for 4 to 5 d. The main endpoints investigated included parental reproductive performance, embryo-larval survival, DNA alterations, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in F0 and F1. No effects on reproductive success, fecundity, or egg fertilization rate were observed. However, drastic effects were observed on F1 exposed to 50 mGy h–1, resulting in a mortality rate of 100%. The drastic effects were also observed when the progeny was not irradiated. It was demonstrated that the sensitivity of the embryos was mainly attributable to parental irradiation. Moreover, these drastic effects induced by adult irradiation disappeared over time when 10 d–irradiated adults were placed in a nonirradiated condition. Alterations in larval DNA were observed for the 3 dose rates, and an increase of ROS production was also shown for the 2 lowest dose rates. The present study improves our understanding of the consequences of parental exposure conditions to the progeny. Furthermore, it provides an incentive to take transmitted generational effects into account in ecological risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2556–2567. © 2019 SETAC
Promoting Effect of Tin on Binder‐Free CoSnx‐B/Ni‐foam Catalysts for Fuel Conversion Efficiency in Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell
Authors: Ma J. , Gao X. , Li J. , Li H.
Published: August 2019

The anodic activity of anodic catalyst for borohydride oxidation reaction (BOR) and inhibiting the borohydride hydrolysis reaction (BHR) are crucial to development for direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFC). In this paper, binder free CoSnx‐B/Ni‐foam (x = 0, 0.33, 0.5, 1) anode catalysts for BOR were prepared by chemical reduction method. It is found that the tin (Sn) is favor for improving the catalytic activity of cobalt (Co) for BOR, meanwhile, the catalytic activity is in relation to Co/Sn atom ratios. A maximum power density of 158 mW cm−2 of DBFC anodic catalytic is achieved at 293 K using CoSn0.33‐B/Ni‐foam which is 1.58 times that of Co‐B/Ni‐foam (100 mW cm−2). The constant discharge test of DBFCs showed that the specific capacity or fuel conversion efficiency decrease with the catalytic activity increasing. However, for the same electrocatalyst, the fuel conversion efficiency increased with the discharge current grown, indicating that there is a BHR which was independent of electrocatalyst in the discharge process. The results showed that CoSnx‐B/Ni‐foam had superior activity for BOR, suggesting their potential application as anodes in DBFC.
Pricing executive stock options with averaging features under the Heston–Nandi GARCH model
Authors: Su Zhiwei , Wang Xingchun
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we focus on the pricing issue of four types of executive stock options (ESOs) in the Heston–Nandi generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity option pricing model. Based on the derived benchmark strike prices in the proposed framework, we obtain the closed‐form pricing formulae for four types of ESOs. In the numerical part, we investigate the sensitivity and cost efficiency of ESOs and suggest that systematic risk (stock β) and the fraction of wealth invested in restricted stock could impede the cost efficiency of ESOs.
The effects of high‐involvement work systems and shared leadership on team creativity: A multilevel investigation
Authors: Song Zhigang , Gu Qinxuan , Cooke Fang Lee
Published: August 2019

Understanding how to effectively stimulate creative potential in the workplace through strategic human resource management (HRM) practices is critical to enhancing organizational competitiveness. This study investigates the effects of high‐involvement work systems (HIWS) on team creativity in terms of ability–motivation–opportunity theory and a team input–process–output model. It draws on a data set consisting of 668 employees from 112 teams in 41 organizations in China. The results reveal that HIWS are positively related to team creativity, not only directly, but also indirectly through a sequential mediating mechanism of involvement climate and shared leadership. We argue that when employees are placed in an autonomous work environment underpinned by HIWS, they will be more likely to be involved in creative activities and engage in mutual influence behaviors in their work teams, and lead each other to achieve a higher level of creativity. Our study extends the knowledge on strategic HRM/HIWS, shared leadership, and creativity.
Assessing the Sustainability of Advanced Materials Using Multicriteria Decision Analysis and the Triple Bottom Line
Authors: Rycroft Taylor , Wood Matthew , Zemba Valerie , Kennedy Alan , Weiss Charles , Desmet David , Ali Rahim , Linkov Igor
Published: August 2019

Although advanced materials (AdMs) are beneficial in many applications, questions remain as to whether they are more or less sustainable than the conventional materials that they may replace. Currently, there is no available tool to provide clarity to these questions. Traditional approaches for evaluating the sustainability of a chemical or material are usually not standardized, and as a result, the metrics used in sustainability measurements are subjective and often vary from assessor to assessor. Additionally, sustainability characterizations resulting from these approaches are typically presented qualitatively and are often vaguely drawn, making it difficult to confidently and transparently conclude that 1 material is more sustainable than another. This paper aims to address these gaps by enabling stakeholders involved in the production, use, or governance of AdMs to assess the sustainability of AdMs in a consistent, objective, and quantitative way using a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA)–based model. The model proposed herein adapts a triple-bottom-line (TBL) framework from the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) and incorporates criteria weights identified through a stakeholder values assessment conducted by surveying AdM practitioners. Results from the stakeholder values assessment show that the perceived importance of the economic component of the TBL varies the most across stakeholders, and that practitioners providing responses from the perspective of a nongovernmental environmental advocacy group or a regulator of AdMs such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency were more likely to score and weigh economic indicators lower and environmental indicators higher compared to when responding from a business owner perspective. The resulting MCDA-based model allows stakeholders to assess the sustainability of an AdM or AdM-enabled product and compare it to product alternatives, predict how other stakeholders might score a product by identifying the extent to which components of the TBL are valued by other stakeholders, and identify which subcriteria contribute most to an improvement in a product's sustainability score. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–8. © 2019 SETAC
Influence of maternal reflective functioning on mothers’ and children's weight: A follow‐up study
Authors: de Campora Gaia , Giromini Luciano , Guerriero Viviana , Chiodo Carina , Zavattini Giulio Cesare , Larciprete Giovanni
Published: August 2019

Based on cross‐sectional research linking poor reflective functionining (RF) to eating disorders, the current follow‐up study tested whether maternal RF would explain the variance of mothers’ and children's weight beyond the effects of maternal emotional dysregulation. During pregnancy (Time 1 [T1]), 51 women were administered the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and interviewed using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Seven months after delivery (Time 2 [T2]), mother–baby dyads who remained in the study (n = 44) were videotaped (Feeding Scale) during their feeding interaction. Last (Time 3 [T3]), the weight of the 34 children who were still in the study was collected at 3 years of age. Maternal AAI‐RF at T1 did not correlate with the DERS at T1 nor with the quality of the feeding interacions at T2. However, it correlated, significantly, with maternal body mass index (BMI) at T1, r = −.298, P = .034, and marginally significantly with baby's BMI at T3, r = −.296, P = .089. Moreover, multiple regression models showed a trend indicating that maternal AAI‐RF might explain the variance of mothers’ and children's weight beyond the effects of maternal emotional dysregulation. These findings suggest that working on maternal mentalization might contribute to helping prevent childhood obesity from pregnancy.
Oxygen‐releasing polycaprolactone/calcium peroxide composite microspheres
Authors: Zhang Mengen , Kiratiwongwan Tawan , Shen Wei
Published: August 2019

Oxygen‐releasing polycaprolactone/calcium peroxide (PCL/CaO2) composite microspheres were fabricated via homogenization, electrospray with a single nozzle, and electrospray with a co‐axial nozzle, resulting in homogenized, single‐walled, and double‐walled microspheres, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that homogenized microspheres had pores, while electrosprayed microspheres did not. Alizarin Red S staining showed a core‐shell structure for double‐walled microspheres. In a hypoxia incubator, single‐walled, double‐walled, and homogenized microspheres could maintain oxygen tension in PBS at or above 10% for approximately 5, 4, and 3 days, respectively. All the PCL/CaO2 microspheres could support viability of pancreatic β‐cell line MIN6 cells in 2D cultures in a hypoxia incubator for 1 week, with the cells supported by double‐walled and homogenized microspheres exhibiting the highest and the lowest metabolic activity, respectively. For 3D MIN6 cell cultures in a hypoxia incubator, single‐walled and homogenized PCL/CaO2 microspheres led to the highest and the lowest live cell densities, respectively. Double‐walled and single‐walled microspheres provided the best support for 2D and 3D cultures, respectively, suggesting that they are suitable for different applications.
Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a scaffold containing wollastonite/β‐TCP for bone repair in a rabbit tibial defect model
Authors: Barbosa Willams T. , de Almeida Katilayne V. , de Lima Gabriel G. , Rodriguez Miguel A. , Lia Fook Marcos V. , García‐Carrodeguas Raul , Amaro da Silva Junior Valdemiro , de Sousa Segundo Francisco A. , de Sá Marcelo J. C.
Published: August 2019

Scaffolds are models designed to aid the interaction between cells and extracellular bone matrix, providing structural support for newly formed bone tissue. In this work, wollastonite with β‐TCP porous ceramic scaffolds was developed by the polymer sponge replication. Their microstructure, cell viability and bioactivity were tested. in vivo was performed to evaluate the use of a calcium silicate‐based implant in the repair of rabbit tibias. Holes were made in the both proximal and distal tibial metaphysis of each animal and filled with calcium silicate‐based implant, and in the left tibia, no implant were used, serving as control group. Animals underwent euthanasia after 30 and 60 days of study. The animals were submitted to clinical‐radiographic evaluations and their histology was analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscope. The studied calcium silicate implant provided biocompatibility and promoted bone formation, stimulating the process of bone repair in rabbits, features observed by gradual radiopacity shown in the radiographic evaluations.
Microporous 3D aluminum MOF doped into chitosan‐based mixed matrix membranes for ethanol/water separation
Authors: Vinu Madhan , Pal Souvik , Chen Jia‐Dian , Lin Yi‐Feng , Lai Yu‐Lun , Lee Cheng‐Shiuan , Lin Chia‐Her
Published: August 2019

An aluminum metal–organic framework (Al‐MOF), [Al(OH)(BPDC)] (DUT‐5; BPDC = Biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylate), was synthesized using solvothermal reactions. The high surface area and micropores (approximately 1.2 nm) of DUT‐5 were characterized using N2 gas sorption measurements. The thermal stability of DUT‐5 and its phase purity were also investigated. The different amounts of DUT‐5 (0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 wt%) were successfully incorporated into the chitosan (CS) polymer to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for the pervaporation of water/ethanol at 25°C. In particular, when 0.15 wt% of DUT‐5 was loaded, the DUT‐5@CS MMMs displayed excellent permeability and selectivity in ethanol/water separation. The results indicated that compared with pristine chitosan membranes, the flux of DUT‐5@CS membranes with 0.15 wt% loading significantly increased from 315 to 378 (g/m2 h−1) and the separation factor from 347 to 3,429. These promising results of the microporous Al‐MOF doped into chitosan MMMs reveal its good application potential for the bio‐ethanol separation processes.