bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Animal source food consumption and anaemia among school adolescent girls in Silti District, Central Ethiopia: a public health perspective
Authors: Kedir Shemsu , Hassen Abate Kalkidan , Mohammed Bekri , Lemnuro Kemal , Kemal Abdurezak , Khelil Geda Sherif , Yassin Zeyne , Jemal Musa , Ademe Beyene Wondafrash
Published: December 2024

Animal source foods (ASFs) are diverse and heterogeneous, including unprocessed red meat, processed meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, milk, cheese, and yoghurt. It is essential for preventing malnutrition and its consequences among vulnerable populations, including infants, young children, adolescents, women of reproductive age, and pregnant and lactating women. Understanding the intakes of ASF among adolescents and associated factors is critical for establishing priorities to promote its consumption and enhance growth and development during this period. Consequently, the purpose of the current study is to examine the current levels of not consuming ASF among school-aged adolescent girls and the relationship between anaemia and not consuming ASF. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 516 school adolescent girls in Silti District, Central Ethiopia, spanning from October 2 to 20, 2023. Data were entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Adjusted odds ratios, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals, were calculated to examine the association between not consuming ASF and anaemia status after adjusting for age, residence, menstrual status, and morbidity. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value less than 0.05 in the final model. In this study, the prevalence of not consuming any form of ASF was 51.1% (95 CI: 44.6%–53.2%) and the prevalence of anaemia was 29% (95% CI: 25.2, 33.3). Moreover, unlikely consumption of ASF was significantly associated with anaemia (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI:2, 5.1) after adjusting for age, place of residence, experience of morbidity symptoms and menstrual status. The current study found a significant prevalence of adolescent girls in the area not consuming ASF while attending school. Moreover, the prevalence of anaemia was moderate. Unlikely consumption of ASF was significantly associated with anaemia. Hence, enhancing ASF consumption is one of the key actions to fight against anaemia.
Atomic molecular dynamics simulation advances of de novo-designed proteins
Authors: Wang Moye , Ma Anqi , Wang Hongjiang , Lou Xiaotong
Published: December 2024

Proteins are vital biological macromolecules that execute biological functions and form the core of synthetic biological systems. The history of de novo protein has evolved from initial successes in subordinate structural design to more intricate protein creation, challenging the complexities of natural proteins. Recent strides in protein design have leveraged computational methods to craft proteins for functions beyond their natural capabilities. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have emerged as a crucial tool for comprehending the structural and dynamic properties of de novo-designed proteins. In this study, we examined the pivotal role of MD simulations in elucidating the sampling methods, force field, water models, stability, and dynamics of de novo-designed proteins, highlighting their potential applications in diverse fields. The synergy between computational modeling and experimental validation continued to play a crucial role in the creation of novel proteins tailored for specific functions and applications.
Expanding access to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in the Ministry of Health Malaysia – a multiple HTA approach
Authors: Choo Coleen Siew Bee , Yong Yee Vern , Chandriah Haarathi , Ahmad Nur Sufiza
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia stakeholders seek primary care access to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). Addressing this required a complex decision, selecting among three SGLT2i for two different indications and two practice settings. The options include expanding the existing SGLT2i (empagliflozin) in the MOH Medicines Formulary to primary care and/or having dapagliflozin and/or luseogliflozin as alternatives. This study aimed to conduct a multiple health technology assessment (HTA) to determine the SGLT2i of choice for the MOH setting.

Methods

The clinical benefits of SGLT2i were assessed through a systematic literature review and affordability was assessed through the development of three budget impact analysis models simulating seventy scenarios. Each model varied by prescribing indications, restrictions, and SGLT2i involved (M1: glycemic control, HbA1c between 6.5 percent and 10 percent, empagliflozin–dapagliflozin–luseogliflozin; M2: cardiovascular benefits, HbA1c less than 10 percent, empagliflozin-dapagliflozin; M3: a composite of M1 and M2). The outcome of the HTA was presented to the MOH decision-makers.

Results

Although there was no significant difference in glycemic control between the SGLT2i, differences exist in cardiovascular benefits conferred. Despite having scenarios with lower net budget impact (NBI) in the M1, M2, and M3 models, decision-makers decided to expand empagliflozin use to primary care setting and add dapagliflozin for hospital-only setting for both indications [NBI of $4.38 mil] due to empagliflozin’s advantage in reducing risk for cardiovascular death and prior experience of its use in MOH.

Conclusions

The multiple HTA approach guided the complex decision-making process by providing a holistic understanding of the decision’s impact.
In–situ strain control in epitaxial silicon carbide compound semiconductor
Authors: Jazizadeh Behzad , Myronov Maksym
Published: December 2024

Residual strain in an epilayer grown on a foreign wafer induces epiwafer’s bow, that is often considered undesirable. Wafer bow however, can be advantageous because both the direction and magnitude of strain are vital for the fabrication of various Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), such as resonators. Here strain control is reported for highly mismatched heteroepitaxy of cubic silicon carbide (3C–SiC) compound semiconductor on silicon (Si), a prized functional material, dependent solely on carbon to silicon ratio (C/Si) during growth. While Si–rich condition enhances growth and generates positive curvature i.e. tensile strain, C–rich condition suppresses growth and produces negative curvature i.e. compressive strain. An optimum region emerges with virtually no strain and superior crystallinity. Our findings are significant for the knowledge of heteroepitaxy of 3C–SiC and may be broadened to heteroepitaxy of other compound semiconductors.
Monitoring individualized glucose levels predicts risk for bradycardia in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease: a pilot study
Authors: Farhadi Ghalati Pejman , E. Samadi Moein , Verket Marlo , Balfanz Paul , Müller-Wieland Dirk , Jonas Stephan , Napp Andreas , Wanner Christoph , Ketteler Markus , Vassiliadou Athina , Heidenreich Stefan , Deserno Thomas , Hetzel Gudrun , Fliser Danilo , Kelm Malte , Floege Jürgen , Marx Nikolaus , Schuppert Andreas
Published: December 2024

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated risk for cardiac arrhythmias, such as bradycardia, which may potentially lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). While hypoglycemia, defined as a critical drop in glucose levels below the normal range, has long been associated with adverse cardiovascular events, recent studies have highlighted the need for a comprehensive reevaluation of its direct impact on cardiovascular outcomes, particularly in high-risk populations such as those with DM and CKD. In this study, we investigated the association between glucose levels and bradycardia by simultaneously monitoring interstitial glucose (IG) and ECG for 7 days in insulin-treated patients with DM and CKD. We identified bradycardia episodes in 19 of 85 patients (22%) and associated these episodes with personalized low, medium, and high relative glucose levels. Our analysis revealed a significant increase in bradycardia frequency during periods of lowest relative glucose, particularly between 06:00-09:00 and 12:00-15:00. Furthermore, leveraging a Random Forests classifier, we achieved a promising area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 for predicting bradyarrhythmias using glucose levels and heart rate variability features. Contrary to previous findings, only 4% of bradycardia episodes in our study population occurred at glucose levels of 70 mg/dL or lower, with 28% observed at levels exceeding 180 mg/dL. Our findings not only highlight the strong correlation between relative glucose levels, heart rate parameters, and bradycardia onset but also emphasize the need for a more personalized definition of hypoglycemia to understand its relationship with bradyarrhythmias in high-risk DM and CKD patient populations.
Constructing LiF-rich cathode electrolyte interphase to enhance the cyclic stability of lithium-rich manganese-based oxide cathode
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Yajun , Song Junjie , Yu Xiqian , Li Hong
Published: December 2024

A facile ball-milling and in situ electrochemical strategy is proposed to decorate the surface of an LRMO cathode with carbon and LiF, which exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance.
Are spodium bonds directional?
Authors: Boro Velina R. , Saha Binoy K. , Rangazhvar Gurudosguptha
Published: December 2024

The geometry corrected statistical analyses suggest that the preferred geometries of spodium bonds with four- and five-coordinated metals are linear.
Reactive carbon capture using electrochemical reactors
Authors: Namdari Marzieh , Kim Yongwook , Pimlott Douglas J. D. , Jewlal Andrew M. L. , Berlinguette Curtis P.
Published: December 2024

Reactive carbon capture enables CO2 capture to be integrated with CO2 conversion using electrolysis to form valuable carbon products such as CO.
Retraction: The protective effect of propofol on ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic system damage in mice
Authors: Han Xiaoliang , Sun Fengtao , Zhang Ying , Wang Jinyan , Liu Qingguo , Gao Ping , Zhang Shubo
Published: December 2024

Retraction of ‘The protective effect of propofol on ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic system damage in mice’ by Xiaoliang Han et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 36366–36373, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA07262D.
Die equine Piroplasmose: Fallberichte und epidemiologische Situation
in Europa mit Fokus auf Deutschland
Authors: Axt Carla Wiebke , Springer Andrea , von Luckner Jennifer , Naucke Torsten J. , Müller Elisabeth , Strube Christina , Schäfer Ingo
Published: December 2024

Die equine Piroplasmose (EP) wird durch die Erreger Babesia (B.)
caballi und Theileria (T.) equi ausgelöst und
durch Schildzecken übertragen. Innerhalb Europas sind die Erreger vor allem in
den Mittelmeerländern endemisch. Autochthone Infektionen können in Deutschland
aufgrund einzelner Fallberichte über Infektionen ohne Auslandsaufenthalt und der
geographischen Ausbreitung verschiedener Zeckenarten nicht mehr ausgeschlossen
werden. Die beiden vorgestellten Fälle verdeutlichen das Risiko einer Infektion
bei Auslandsreisen in endemische Regionen sowie beim Import von Pferden aus
endemischen Regionen nach Deutschland. Die klinischen Symptome sind oft
unspezifisch, vor allem treten Fieber, Ikterus, Lethargie, Inappetenz,
Gewichtsverlust und Leistungsminderung auf. Hämatologisch sind Anämien typisch.
Auch Thrombozytopenien sind beschrieben. Die Schweregrade der Zytopenien
variieren von gering- bis hochgradig. Zur Diagnosestellung einer Infektion bzw.
eines Erregerkontaktes sind direkte (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion, Mikroskopie von
Blutausstrichen) und indirekte Nachweisverfahren (Antikörpernachweis) verfügbar.
Imidocarb-Dipropionat gilt als Mittel der Wahl zur Therapie der EP. Bei
Infektionen mit B. caballi scheint eine Erregerelimination möglich,
wohingegen Infektionen mit T. equi trotz Therapie oft in einem
lebenslangen Trägerstatus resultieren. Die Prävention beschränkt sich auf die
Kontrolle bzw. Vermeidung von Zeckenkontakt. Neben möglichen schwerwiegenden
klinischen Auswirkungen hat die EP auch weltweit signifikante wirtschaftliche
Folgen auf den Pferdehandel. Nach den Richtlinien der WOAH wird sie als
meldepflichtige Erkrankung eingestuft und die Empfehlung ausgesprochen, jedes
Pferd bei grenzüberschreitenden Reisen nach den jeweiligen nationalen
Bestimmungen serologisch auf die EP zu testen. In Deutschland ist die Erkrankung
aktuell weder melde- noch anzeigepflichtig.
European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology: Written Part of the Exam
Authors: Weber Marc-André , Adriaensen Miraude , Drakonaki Elena , Martinoli Carlo , Vanhoenacker Filip , Robinson Philip , Rupreht Mitja
Published: December 2024

The European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology (EDiMSK) is a recognized European qualification of excellence for musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists. The EDiMSK confirms proof of knowledge of MSK radiology, in addition to any national qualifications certifying competency. The examination is conducted in English and consists of both a written and an oral part. This article guides candidates taking the EDiMSK examination on how to prepare for the written exam that consists of 40 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Information is provided on how the questions are structured and the candidate is scored. Ten MCQs representative of the written section of the EDiMSK are also presented.
Disruption of oscillations and excitation recombination in small size superconductors
Authors: Strizhko L. P.
Published: December 2024

Singularities of the initial section of the current-voltage characteristics of thin-film tin bridges are investigated. In the low-temperature domain these singularities correspond to disruption of oscillations and the appearance of hysteresis. It is shown that an excess quasiparticle density being generated in each cycle of oscillations may be the reason for oscillation disruption. Their influence is taken into account by using the Rothwarf-Taylor equations which have an additional diffusion term. The quasiparticle recombination time is estimated by means of the singularities in the initial section of the current-voltage characteristic in the 0.6 > T/Tc > 0.4 temperature range.
Effects of viscosity on quantum motion of dislocation segments
Authors: Natsik V. D. , Roshchupkin A. M.
Published: December 2024

The generalized susceptibility of a dislocation segment which is pinned at its ends and experiences electronic drag during motion is found in the paper. Using the value, we find the dispersion of the equilibrium oscillations of the segment by applying the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in the quantum and classical limits. The effect of viscosity on the fluctuational unpinning of the dislocation from the defects is analyzed.
Low temperature phase transition in RbDy(MoO4)2
Authors: Skorobogatova I. V. , Savchenko E. M.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that the anomalous temperature dependence observed for the lowest doublet splitting in the 6H15/2 ground manifold of the Dy3+ ion in monocrystalline RbDy(MoO4)2 in the temperature range 10–20 K may be understood on the basis of a structural phase transition arising due to the interaction of the Dy3+ electronic states with lattice vibrations. A group theoretical analysis of the allowed zone-center second order transitions suggests that the space group of the low symmetry phase is C2h5.
Magnetic ordering in superconductors
Authors: Burmistrov S. N.
Published: December 2024

Spin wave dispersion and possible states of a superconducting ferromagnet are discussed using a phenomenological approach.
Fluctuations of mass and spin currents and the superfluidity of 3He
Authors: Itskovich I. F. , Kulik I. O.
Published: December 2024

We use the equations of Landau’s theory extended to the case of arbitrary momentum transfer to derive an effective hamiltonian of a Fermi liquid. As applied to 3He the exchange of fluctuations in the particle and spin current densities is responsible for the effective attraction and formation of Cooper pairs with l = 1. We show that in the local response approximation fluctuations in the spin current can be the origin of the preference for the A phase over the B phase. We calculate the pressure dependence of the Landau parameter Z1.
Electromagnetic excitation of weakly damped collective oscillations in superconductors
Authors: Bezuglyi E. V.
Published: December 2024

The excitation mechanism of longitudinal collective oscillations in a superconductor, due to relaxation of a nonequilibrium charge induced by an electromagnetic wave incident on its surface, is considered theoretically. The electric field distribution inside the superconductor and its relation with the field amplitude in vacuum are found. The contribution of collective oscillations to the surface impedance of the superconductor and to the transparency of a superconducting film, associated with successive transformations of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum into collective oscillations in the superconductor, and vice versa, is calculated.
Nonequilibrium condensation of argon flowing from a supersonic nozzle
Authors: Bondarenko E. A. , Verkhovtseva É. T. , Kupko A. V. , Chebanova T. S.
Published: December 2024

Theoretical and experimental studies have been performed on the nonequilibrium condensation of argon flowing from a supersonic nozzle; it is shown that classical nucleation theory is applicable if this incorporates the dependence of the surface tension of the drops on their radius in the description of nonequilibrium condensation in the jet. Similarity laws are derived that relate the mean cluster size to the pressure and temperature of the gas at the inlet to the nozzle.
Echoing dolphin movement in water robotics
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: December 2024

Emulating how real dolphins turn will enhance the maneuverability of dolphin robots operating at the water's surface.
Simulation of the charged particle deflection from the sweeping magnet array in the Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray imager
Authors: Paw U Catriana K. , Walsh Brian M. , Qudsi Ramiz , Busk Sam , Connor Cadin , Chornay Dennis , Connor Hyunju K. , Kuntz Kip D. , Nutter Rousseau , Porter F. Scott
Published: December 2024

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager (LEXI) is an instrument built to image x-rays from solar wind charge exchange in Earth’s magnetosheath. Monitoring the position of the magnetopause at the inner boundary of the magnetosheath allows us to understand how magnetic reconnection regulates how energy from the solar wind is deposited into Earth’s magnetosphere. LEXI is part of an upcoming lunar lander mission set to land in Mare Crisium. To repel unwanted charged particles, the instrument carries a permanent magnet array composed of 48 neodymium magnets. The array was designed to maximize charged particle deflection while minimizing stray magnetic fields, which could impact other instruments or spacecraft operation. A Runge–Kutta-based fully kinetic particle tracing model was created to evaluate the effectiveness of LEXI’s unique charged particle deflector array. Combined with the other particle suppression measures of the instrument, including physical structures and filters, the simulations show proton and electron transmission to the LEXI detector is expected to be sufficiently reduced to allow successful imaging. The flexible simulation model can be generalized to be used in examining the magnetic deflector array effectiveness of other instruments whose signals could be compromised by unwanted charged particle contamination.
Changes in guanaco distribution from Late Holocene to present times in Northwest Patagonia: connecting archaeological, ethnohistoric and current data
Authors: Moscardi Bruno F. , Vilariño Martín , D’Abramo Sergio L. , Sosa Pfatschbacher Luis , Bernal Valeria , Rindel Diego D. , Perez S. Ivan
Published: December 2024

Context The guanaco (Lama guanicoe) is one of the four species of South American camels, and is the largest native mammal inhabiting arid and semi-arid environments in South America. Although the guanaco was abundant and widely distributed in the past, currently its density and distribution range are substantially reduced, inhabiting mainly Southern Patagonia in small isolated groups. The decline in guanaco populations is most likely related to the Anthropocene defaunation process that is affecting large mammals in developing countries worldwide, but the extent and causes of these changes are not well understood. Aims To explore both the changes in the distribution of guanaco populations in Northwest Patagonia and the environmental and anthropic factors that shaped the distribution patterns, by employing a long-term perspective spanning from the end of the Late Holocene to present times (i.e. the last 2500 years). Methods We combine archaeological information, ethnohistorical records and current observations and apply Species Distribution Models using bioclimatic and anthropic factors as explanatory variables. Key results Guanaco spatial distribution in Northwest Patagonia changed significantly throughout time. This change consisted in the displacement of the species towards the east of the region and its disappearance from northwest Neuquén and southwest Mendoza in the last 30 years. In particular, the high-density urban settlements and roads, and secondly, competition with ovicaprine livestock (goats and sheep) for forage are the main factors explaining the change in guanaco distribution. Conclusions Guanaco and human populations co-existed in the same areas during the Late Holocene and historic times (16th to 19th centuries), but during the 20th century the modern anthropic impact generated a spatial dissociation between both species, pushing guanaco populations to drier and more unproductive areas that were previously peripheral in its distribution. Implications As with many other large mammal species in developing countries, Northwest Patagonia guanaco populations are undergoing significant changes in their range due to modern anthropic activities. Considering that these events are directly related to population declines and extirpations, together with the striking low density recorded for Northwest Patagonia guanaco populations, urgent management actions are needed to mitigate current human impacts.
Preliminary liquefaction potential investigation of North Lombok sand based on grain size and particle shape
Authors: Taruna R M , Sungkono  , Mase L Z , Mashuri
Published: December 2024

Liquefaction resistance investigation is an essential geotechnical aspect of development plans, particularly in areas with a history of liquefaction, such as North Lombok. This study aims to understand the liquefaction potential of sand at the liquefaction sites in North Lombok using laboratory testing. The physical properties and microstructure analyses of sand samples from the two liquefaction sites of Pemenang and Beraringan were examined, including grain size, mineralogy, and particle shape parameters. Our results show that the grain size of both sands is within the liquefiable soil criteria. Both sand types are composed of quartz and have a high convexity, illustrating weak inter-grain locking. The overall regularity of the Beraringan sand is also high, which generally correlates with low liquefaction resistance. Thus, it can be concluded that both sands have liquefaction potential based on preliminary laboratory investigations, and therefore, need to be considered in engineering reconnaissance and structural design.
Experiential learning model for physics virtual reality design: A case study of pre-service elementary school teachers
Authors: Thohir M A , Dina H R , April Y F , Habibi
Published: December 2024

Three-dimensional media design is a challenge for pre-service teachers in realizing real learning of abstract physics concepts. Virtual reality (VR) is one of the popular three-dimensional media for design by pre-service teachers. However, the perception of the design is still little revealed. This research explores pre-service teachers’ perception factors when designing using experiential learning to design virtual reality. This study involved 5 pre-service teachers by documenting the design results and interviews. These results are grouped problem problem-oriented and design oriented. The results show differences in the characteristics of problem solving, which are student characteristics and material characteristics. At the same time, the design is oriented to the features of the application used. The implications of technology courses for future teachers are geared toward mature problem-solving and interactive design in VR.
Exploration of Seebeck coefficient in NiBr2 monolayer based on magnetic configurations
Authors: Prayitno T B , Fitriyani V , Budi E , Jonuarti R
Published: December 2024

Some magnetic configurations utilized the Seebeck coefficient in the NiBr2 monolayer. To create some magnetic configurations, the magnetic moments of the Ni atoms were arranged. Once the self-consistent calculations were finished, the Boltzmann transport was used to compute the Seebeck coefficient. The high Seebeck coefficients were observed where the peak of Seebeck coefficients depends on the magnetic configuration near the critical temperature of the NiBr2 monolayer. Based on the plot, the NiBr2 monolayer is foremost for the thermoelectric devices implied.
Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using garlic (allium sativum l.) Bulb extract as a photocatalyst for congo red dye
Authors: Lestari P P , Fitriana F , Faaizatunnisa N , Munasir M
Published: December 2024

The Green synthesis method is an attractive approach to producing nanoparticles due to its environmentally friendly nature and its ability to provide the same quality as conventional ZnO. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were successfully synthesized using garlic (Allium sativum) bulb extract as a reducing agent using the green synthesis method. XRD results showed that the ZnO crystals formed were hexagonal wurtzite, with crystallite sizes of 30.84 and 42.5 nm for ZnO-G10 and ZnO-G20 samples. FTIR results showed the presence of typical ZnO absorption in the region around 440-480 cm−1. The photodegradation of congo red dye was further studied, and the maximum degradation efficiency reached 99.0% for 120 minutes. These results indicate the potential of ZnO material synthesized by the green synthesis method for photocatalyst applications.
Landslide mapping using K-Means cluster by NDVI data in Garut, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Iryanti M , Nurjanah R , Waslaluddin  , Arifin M
Published: December 2024

Landslide mitigation is a primary concern in areas with significant elevation gradients. In addition to elevation, vegetation and hydrological factors also influence landslide potential. Therefore, this study analyzes landslide risk using satellite-derived vegetation data (NDVI). The results will be mapped to show relative susceptibility to landslides. The clustering method used is K-Means. NDVI data was obtained from NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites, and the analysis is based on vegetation levels. The study identifies six areas in Garut where landslides frequently occur. The K-Means clustering process categorizes gridcodes 3 and 4 in the NDVI data as potential landslide zones due to sparse vegetation. The clusters are divided into three groups, with cluster 1 having a silhouette coefficient close to 1, indicating robust clustering. The mapping results highlight the North Garut area as having a high potential for landslides.
Optimizing the ferris wheel physics e-book with video tracking method to enhance student learning motivation
Authors: Utami P L , Hariyono E , Hidaayatullaah H N , Suprapto N
Published: December 2024

This research aims to (1) analyze the validity of the physics E-book based on the Ferris Wheel game assisted by Tracker Video Analysis to increase student learning motivation (2) analyze the practicality of the physics E-book based on the Ferris Wheel game assisted by Tracker Video Analysis to increase student learning motivation (3) analyze the effectiveness of a physics e-book based on the Ferris Wheel game assisted by Tracker Video Analysis to increase student learning motivation. Previously, edutainment e-books based on the Ferris Wheel and video tracking analysis in physics learning were not widely developed. Therefore, this study develops them by using the ADDIE method. Experts for feasibility testing have validated the Ferris Wheel Physics E-book result and show a percentage of 85% in the very category proper to use. The results of student responses to the use of the Ferris Wheel Physics E-book were a percentage of 88%, getting an excellent response from students in learning. Based on the student learning motivation analysis, the average N-gain value was 0.78 in the “High” category, and students received an excellent response in learning physics, increasing their learning motivation.
Effect of variations in tool offset friction stir welding aluminum 5083 on tensile strength and hardness
Authors: Kriswanto  , Winarso V N I , Darsono F B , Firmansyah H N , Mulyono T
Published: December 2024

With the use of aluminum in the transportation sector in Indonesia, reducing the weight of transportation equipment has become one of the most critical issues for manufacturers, who are still trying to reduce the weight of transportation equipment to optimize fuel. 5083 aluminum alloy is a suitable material for making transportation equipment lighter because of its many benefits, such as an excellent strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. It is ideal for application in the field of marine equipment. This research aims to determine the effect of tool offset variations of 0 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.4 mm on the tensile strength and hardness of 5083 series aluminum friction stir welding joints. Based on the research that has been carried out, the specimens produce the highest tensile strength values with a tool offset variation of 0.2 mm and a tensile strength value of 218.6 MPa, and the specimens produce the lowest tensile strength values with a tool offset variation of 0.4 mm and a tensile strength value of 127.35 MPa. Meanwhile, the hardness values for each tool offset variation were 92 VHN, 66.75 VHN, and 108.87 VHN, with the fracture of each test specimen being in the weld metal area due to its hardness.
Numeracy literacy ability in atomic wave physics spectrum practicum activities among prospective physics teachers
Authors: Sunarti T , Wasis  , Jauhariyah M N R , Setyarsih W , Zainuddin A , Zakaria A , Hakim S R , Wandhira R
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the level of numeracy literacy skills of prospective physics teachers. This research uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this research were prospective physics teachers who took part in waves courses and electromagnetic wave spectrum practicums in the physics education study program at Surabaya State University in 2 classes, with 23 people in each class. The instruments used are 3 test questions that measure literacy skills (finding information, interpreting, evaluating) and 8 questions that measure numeracy skills, namely, numeracy, reasoning, and application. The research data was analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The results of the research showed that variations in the level of numeracy literacy skills before the atomic spectrum practicum activity were in the basic category, with an average of 49.5% of students having answered correctly as many as 46 students, then they were given treatment by carrying out EM wave practicum, the numeracy literacy abilities of students after being given the treatment were in the category requiring special intervention, there were 5 people, in the basic category there were 10 people, in the advanced category there were 18 people. In the very advanced category, there were 7 people. Overall, students have quite good abilities in finding information, interpreting information, evaluating information, and understanding information, which is in the advanced category with a percentage of correct answers of 74.12%, 72.98%, 72.70%, and 71, respectively. At the same time, the indicators of applying information and reasoning are still in the basic category at 32.46%. So, it can be concluded that students’ numeracy literacy skills are quite good. However, several other treatments are still needed to improve literacy and numeracy skills.
Implementation of the project-based learning model on the subject of renewable energy to enhance students’ cooperation capabilities
Authors: Serevina V , Maulana D , Oktaviara O , Riana E , Nainggolan R
Published: December 2024

This study aims to enhance students’ collaborative abilities in the field of renewable energy by utilizing the Project Based Learning (PBL) model. The benefit of this research is to analyze and solve learning problems in the classroom. This research was conducted at class XI of public high school 109 Jakarta, Indonesia. Triangulation was used to collect data: tests, interviews, and observations. This research method used classroom action research plan, do, act, and reflection (Kemmis). There are two cycles with 36 students. In the implementation of the PBL model, in cycle I, 5 students (13.89%) were unable to collaborate, 6 students (16.67%) were quite capable, 11 students (30.56%) were able, and 14 students (38.89%) were very capable, collaborating. In cycle II, 3 students (8.33%) were unable, 4 students (11.11%) were quite capable, 12 students (33.33%) were able, and 17 students (47.22%) were very capable of collaborating—student collaboration skills enhanced from the first cycle and second cycle. The implementation of the PBL model on the topic of renewable energy can enhance students’ collaboration skills, with an N-gain score of 0.55 in the average category.
Measuring pre-service physics teachers’ ability to create renewable energy learning media through project-based learning
Authors: Satriawan M , Anggaryani M , Kholiq A , Sucahyo I , Effendi P M
Published: December 2024

This research aims to measure the ability of pre-service physics teachers to create project-based physics learning media that focuses on renewable energy materials based on several leading indicators, namely understanding of the material, safety and affordability, creativity and innovation, technical skills, implementation skills, communication, evaluation skills, and adaptation. This research uses a quantitative descriptive research design with a case study approach with the subject of 27 pre-service physics teacher students at a university in East Java, Indonesia. Research data was collected through project portfolio assessments through products produced, tests, and interviews. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research results show that for indicators of material understanding, the majority of pre-service physics teachers are at the intermediate level (44.44%), followed by the basic level (29.63%), professional (18.52%), and novice (7.41%). This indicates that pre-service physics teachers have a fairly good understanding of renewable energy and the learning objectives using teaching aids. Regarding safety and affordability indicators, most pre-service physics teachers are at the intermediate level (48.15%), showing adequate ability to ensure that teaching aids are safe and affordable. Pre-service physics teachers dominate indicators of creativity innovation and technical skills at basic (40.74%) and intermediate (29.63%) levels. This shows that pre-service physics teachers still need to improve their abilities in creating interesting, relevant, environmentally friendly, and interactive teaching aids. This improvement is important so pre-service physics teachers can be more effective in designing teaching aids with functional and aesthetic designs and using simple technology such as paper, cardboard, recycled materials, or essential digital tools.
Correlation between air pollutants (CO and NO2) and land surface temperature in Semarang city 2023
Authors: Tjahjono H , Maulana R I , Aji A , Sidiq W A B N , Miftahurridlo M
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the condition of air pollutants and land surface temperature (LST) on land cover in Semarang City in 2023 and their correlations. Semarang City, as a metropolitan city with a dense population, faces challenges such as dominant built-up land cover, high concentrations of pollutants CO and NO2, and variations in land surface temperature. The research utilized a spatial and quantitative approach with guided land cover data classification, Sentinel-5P images for air pollutant data (CO and NO2) interpretation, and a single-channel algorithm for obtaining LST data from Landsat 8 images. The findings reveal that vegetation (44%) and built-up land cover (43%) dominate Semarang City, and the highest pollutant concentrations are found in various land cover types. The average LST in Semarang City is 41.53°C, with the highest temperature recorded in built-up areas (44.62°C) and the lowest in water bodies (39.61°C). Pearson correlation analysis indicates a significant positive relationship between CO and NO2 with LST. This research provides a spatial understanding of air pollutants and land surface temperature conditions in Semarang City in 2023 and its contribution to identifying the factors influencing these phenomena.
Solar photovoltaic as a potential renewable energy in environmentally friendly project-based physics learning
Authors: Jauhari A , Puspita F D , Lestari N A , Deta U A , Sujito
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the implementation of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) as a potential renewable energy in environmentally friendly project-based physics learning to improve understanding of the principles of physics in solar photovoltaic and awareness of environmental issues and climate change. The project-based learning (PjBL) learning model is applied to provide a deep and meaningful learning experience because students are required to be actively involved in designing, developing, and evaluating Solar Photovoltaic projects. This research was conducted using the literature review method on several articles related to project-based physics learning and solar photovoltaic as renewable energy. From several articles obtained, identification, evaluation, and synthesis were carried out related to the research results and thoughts from previous researchers. The results show that project-based learning focusing on Solar Photovoltaic effectively improves students’ understanding of physics concepts related to renewable energy and improves 21st-century skills, namely creativity, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills. In addition, students also showed increased awareness and responsibility for environmental issues.
Design of folded dipole antenna with stub feed line at 3.5 Ghz operating frequency for 5G cellular network
Authors: Firdaus R A , Khoiro M , Rahmawati E , Dzulkiflih  , Yantidewi M
Published: December 2024

This study examines the design of a folded dipole antenna equipped with a Stub Feed Line (SFL) to achieve a 3.5GHz resonant frequency operating on a 5G cellular network. Microstrip antennas, which are known for their advantages, such as being lightweight, easy to print, affordable production cost, and relatively small size, also have disadvantages, such as narrow bandwidth, low gain, and directivity, as well as low efficiency. In order to overcome these disadvantages, this study proposes the integration of SFL as a frequency shifter, which is expected to improve antenna performance. The proposed antenna design was tested through simulations using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method and optimized with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) theory to achieve the expected radiation characteristics. The simulation results indicate that the stub integration is able to significantly improve the impedance matching, gain, and bandwidth of the antenna. The use of geometric structures, such as a U-Shape on the stub, is also proven to be effective in improving signal transmission efficiency and reducing reflection. This study provides an important contribution to the development of antenna technology, especially in supporting the deployment of more efficient and effective 5G cellular networks.
Ensuring sustainable development through the use of digital educational hubs for teaching civic education at school
Authors: Hrytsenchuk O O , Leshchenko M P , Ovcharuk O V , Trubachev S I , Trykoz S V
Published: December 2024

The article highlights the practical experience of implementing digital educational hubs to support civic education (CE) to ensure sustainable development. The role of the digital educational hub as a modern tool of the digital educational environment was determined. The digital educational hub is a multi-functional digital educational environment with electronic resources, tools, technologies and educational materials where organisational and pedagogical conditions are created for the acquisition of knowledge, the development of students’ competencies and the effective accumulation of intellectual potential, which contributes to professional development and the implementation of innovations in practice. The purpose of this article is to investigate how digital educational hubs support civic education at school, how teachers and school leaders can use the resources of the hubs, and how teachers in Ukraine and other countries are supported in using digital tools for teaching civic education subjects, which are important for the professional development of teachers, including the development of their digital skills. The experience of using digital educational hubs supporting CE at schools in Ukraine and European countries (Belgium, Canada, Netherlands) is described. The practical significance of the digital educational hub, as a component of the digital educational environment, is to support and implement innovations in school education that contribute to the development of the personality of a modern citizen, an active member of the digital society. The novelty of the research: online learning and remote forms of communication are the most popular in education today. For teaching civic education, there is a combination of active forms of learning with the use of digital means and resources, which are actively offered by digital educational hubs. Highlighting the best practices of such use is important both for the professional development of teachers and for the diversification and activation of students’ civic education. The practical significance based on the experience of European countries, forms and approaches to the use of digital educational tools for teaching civic education has been identified. Methods of using digital hubs to support civic education at school need further research.
Application of geometrization to estimate mineral deposit reserves
Authors: Peremetchyk A , Chukharev S , Dmytrenko V , Pysmennyi S , Fedorenko S , Mutambo V
Published: December 2024

The article discusses aspects of geometrization of mineral deposits. Particular attention is paid to the geometrization of mineral reserves. Various geometrization methods allow one to obtain ambiguous results, depending on the geological structure and spatial location of mineral deposits. Various options for estimating mineral reserves are considered and the method for optimal estimate is described. The method makes it possible to estimate reserves of mineral deposits of a complex configuration, find the most probable strike line of such deposits and clarify their contour. The method is based on choosing the optimal direction of vertical cross-sections and the distance between them. The influence of the shape of a mineral deposit on the accuracy and completeness of reserve estimate was considered. The experiments were carried out theoretically and practically in various mining and geological conditions. A more accurate estimate of mineral reserves is made using geostatistical and heuristic methods developed by the authors of the study. The described methodology for geometrization and estimate of mineral reserves was applied at mining enterprises in Ukraine and gave effective and accurate results. This made it possible to increase the efficiency of mining planning and the rationality of the mining enterprise.
The degree indicators of coal metamorphism for predicting the coal seams hazardous properties during the mining
Authors: Rudniev Y , Tarasov V , Antoshchenko M , Popovich V
Published: December 2024

Metamorphic processes in natural conditions reached a certain stage of the original organic matter transformation at temperatures no more than 650 °C. Analyzes of the coal physical and chemical characteristics are carried out at higher temperatures. Thermal decomposition processes determine the properties of coals during their further transformation, which is important for establishing their consumer properties. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the formed volatiles is not directly related to the fluids, previously removed from coal seams in natural conditions. The thermal decomposition products of coals are the result of a new stage in the initial organic matter transformation. It is shown that the method for determining the yield of volatile substances on a ash-free dry mass when establishing technological properties does not reflect the state of coal seams in natural conditions. Analysis of the results indicates that at present there are no methods for complete the coal sample demineralization. Obtaining an accurate value for the yield of volatile substances per ash-free dry organic mass leads to an overestimation of this indicator. Significant differences in the balances between the metamorphic processes occurring in coal seams and during the thermal decomposition of coal are caused by different conditions for their determination. The products assignment of thermal decomposition processes to a ash-free dry organic mass according to industrial classifications doesn’t allow to use of their consumer properties indicators to characterize the hazardous properties of coal seams in natural conditions. It is proposed to develop the basic principles of the methodology for predicting the hazardous properties of coal seams based on the deviation of the content of organic matter main components, including moisture and sulfur, from their average indicators.
The usage of GIS in the retrospective analysis of the territorial organization of Kryvyi Rih settlement
Authors: Kholoshyn I V , Bondarenko O V , Hanchuk O V , Mantulenko S V , Pakhomova O V
Published: December 2024

The article presents the retrospective analysis of the territorial organization of the settlement of Kryvyi Rih territory on the basis of a detailed study of topographic maps of various historical periods, namely, the Map of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Special Map of the Western Part of the Russian Empire by F. Schubert, Three-mile military topographic map of the Russian Empire, the Maps of the Office of Military Topographers of the Red Army, the Maps of the German Army, Topo maps of the US Army and Maps of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces. The research is based on the authors’ method of retrospective modeling of the historical settlement of the region using historical topographic maps of various time periods and their complex analysis by means of GIS. The results of the research constitute the model of the territorial organization of the settlement process in Kryvyi Rih region. The model represents the historical population resettlement in the studied region and indicates the spatiotemporal changes of the following indexes: the nature and number of settlement locations, the size of settlements, number and density of the population, the ratio of rural and urban populations, etc. The obtained cartographic materials and demographic indicators of resettlement at various times make a significant contribution to the historical and geographical research of the region.