bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: Li Hui-Yuan , Huang Li-Feng , Huang Xiao-Rong , Wu Dan , Chen Xiao-Cui , Tang Ji-Xin , An Ning , Liu Hua-Feng , Yang Chen
Published: August 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. Approximately one-third to two-thirds of the patients with SLE progress to lupus nephritis (LN). The pathogenesis of SLE and LN has not yet been fully elucidated, and effective treatment for both conditions is lacking. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular organelle and is a site of protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and calcium storage. Under stress, the function of ER is disrupted, and the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins occurs in ER, resulting in an ER stress (ERS) response. ERS is involved in the dysfunction of B cells, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and other immune cells, causing immune system disorders, such as SLE. In addition, ERS is also involved in renal resident cell injury and contributes to the progression of LN. The molecular chaperones, autophagy, and proteasome degradation pathways inhibit ERS and restore ER homeostasis to improve the dysfunction of immune cells and renal resident cell injury. This may be a therapeutic strategy for SLE and LN. In this review, we summarize advances in this field.
FOXO1 Inhibition Generates Potent Nonactivated CAR T Cells against Solid Tumors
Authors: Marchais Maude , Simula Luca , Phayanouvong Mélanie , Mami-Chouaib Fathia , Bismuth Georges , Decroocq Justine , Bouscary Didier , Dutrieux Jacques , Mangeney Marianne
Published: August 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promising results in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Despite the successes, challenges remain. One of them directly involves the CAR T-cell manufacturing process and especially the ex vivo activation phase. While this is required to allow infection and expansion, ex vivo activation dampens the antitumor potential of CAR T cells. Optimizing the nature of the T cells harboring the CAR is a strategy to address this obstacle and has the potential to improve CAR T-cell therapy, including for solid tumors. Here, we describe a protocol to create CAR T cells without ex vivo preactivation by inhibiting the transcription factor FOXO1 (CAR TAS cells). This approach made T cells directly permissive to lentiviral infection, allowing CAR expression, with enhanced antitumor functions. FOXO1 inhibition in primary T cells (TAS cells) correlated with acquisition of a stem cell memory phenotype, high levels of granzyme B, and increased production of TNFα. TAS cells displayed enhanced proliferative and cytotoxic capacities as well as improved migratory properties. In vivo experiments showed that CAR TAS cells were more efficient at controlling solid tumor growth than classical CAR T cells. The production of CAR TAS from patients’ cells confirmed the feasibility of the protocol in clinic.
GAMBARAN KEPATUHAN BEROBAT PASIEN RETINOPATI DIABETIK DI PMN RS MATA CICENDO 2021–2022
Authors: Naqiya Wafa , Virgana Rova , Kartasasmita Arief Sjamsulaksan
Published: August 2023

Pendahuluan: Retinopati diabetik (RD) merupakan komplikasi mikrovaskular penyakit diabetes melitus dengan angka pertumbuhan tinggi. Kepatuhan melakukan pemeriksaan rutin dan menjalankan tindakan khusus dapat mencegah progresivitas penyakit ini. Namun, penelitian mengenai gambaran kepatuhan berobat pasien retinopati diabetik belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kepatuhan berobat pasien retinopati diabetik di PMN RS Mata Cicendo. 
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan metode cross sectional, menggunakan data sekunder dari EMR, dan dilakukan pada periode 1 Januari 2021–31 Desember 2022 di PMN RS Mata Cicendo. Kepatuhan dinilai berdasarkan kepatuhan menjalankan masa awal pengobatan dan diukur melalui data tanggal registrasi, tindakan, dan perencanaan. Hasil penilaian kepatuhan kemudian dikelompokkan berdasarkan derajat retinopati diabetik, tipe diabetes melitus, jenis tindakan, jenis kelamin, usia, pekerjaan, pendidikan terakhir, dan domisili. 
Hasil: Penelitian ini melibatkan 887 rekam medis dan 533 (60,1%) di antaranya dikategorikan patuh. Data menunjukkan persentase kepatuhan >60% pada pasien derajat berat seperti Proliverative Diabetic Retinopathy (61,6%); berjenis kelamin perempuan (60,2%); berusia muda kelompok 25–34 tahun (77,4%); berdomisili di Bandung Raya (64,4%) atau luar Jawa Barat (63,5%); berpendidikan terakhir tinggi sarjana muda (68,9%); bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta (67,1%), pengajar (72,7%), wiraswasta (61,3%), atau pensiunan (66,7%); memiliki tipe diabetes melitus terspesifikasi non-insulin dependent (64,2%) atau insulin dependent (80,9%); serta mendapat rekomendasi tindakan laser (64,1%). 
Kesimpulan: Secara umum kepatuhan berobat pasien retinopati diabetik di PMN RS Mata Cicendo sudah mencapai >60%. Kepatuhan pasien kontrol dengan jangka waktu menengah (1–3 bulan), panjang (>6 bulan) masih harus ditingkatkan.
O tecer narrativas nas séries de desenhos “Tramas de baralhos” e “Reminiscências”
Authors: Paim Ivana Soares
Published: August 2023

Este texto fala sobre minhas recentes séries de desenhos, “Tramas de baralhos” e “Reminiscências”, que têm por fio condutor a necessidade humana de construir narrativas para situar-se no mundo, apontada por Paul Ricoeur (1994) em um de seus estudos sobre o narrar. Ambas as séries evocam o narrar como ponto de partida para construir ou reconstruir narrativas na instância da memória e da imaginação.
A generic monograph of the Hyacinthaceae subfamily Urgineoideae
Authors: MARTÍNEZ-AZORÍN MARIO , CRESPO MANUEL B. , VARGAS MARÍA ÁNGELES ALONSO- , PINTER MICHAEL , CROUCH NEIL R. , DOLD ANTHONY P. , MUCINA LADISLAV , PFOSSER MARTIN , WETSCHNIG WOLFGANG
Published: August 2023

Taxonomy and systematics and specifically the generic circumscription of the Hyacinthaceae subfamily Urgineoideae have been a matter of controversy in recent decades. Widely contrasting taxonomic treatments have been proposed, ranging from systems comprising only two genera (including a morphologically very variable Drimia covering nearly the whole subfamily) to about 20 genera based mainly on preliminary phylogenetic studies supporting recognition of traditionally accepted and morphologically distinct genera such as Litanthus, Schizobasis, Tenicroa, and Thuranthos. All previous studies covered only a limited diversity and distribution of the subfamily, precluding comprehensive insight into the evolution of the diversity within the subfamily. Based on detailed morphological, phylogenetic, and biogeographic studies in Urgineoideae, covering its whole distribution range and most of the currently known species, we present a new taxomic treatment of the subfamily focusing on the circumscription of genera. Our analyses revealed 31 phylogenetic lineages corroborating unique syndromes of morphological characters linked to well-defined biogeographic patterns. These lineages are interpreted as well-defined genera. An identification key to the genera is provided to facilitate further taxonomic work in Urgineoideae and morphological descriptions of the accepted genera are presented. Two new genera, Spirophyllos gen. nov. and Zulusia gen. nov., are described to accommodate newly revealed phylogenetic lineages from northwestern and southeastern Africa, respectively. Further, a complete list of taxa included in the accepted genera is presented, providing details on typification, and the 50 new combinations, and one new name required to appropriately accomodate taxa in the new taxonomic treatment.
Two new chironomid species of the genus Pseudokiefferiella Zavřel (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from the Amur River basin of Russia
Authors: MAKARCHENKO EUGENYI A. , SEMENCHENKO ALEXANDER A.
Published: August 2023

The adult male, pupa, larva with DNA barcoding of Ps. matafonovi sp. nov. and the adult male of Ps. silinka sp. nov. from Amur River basin of Russia are described and illustrated. Ps. matafonovi sp. nov. is genetically distant from other Pseudokiefferiella showing uncorrected p-distances of >6.8 %. The results of species delimitation show that genus Pseudokiefferiella includes 10 (mPTP), 13 (ASAP, GMYC) or 14 (BOLD) distinct molecular taxonomic units (mOTUs) that requires a revision of this genus using both morphological and molecular approaches.
1. 1897–1900: The Making of a Potter
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This chapter looks at Moorcroft’s training as a potter at the firm of E.J.D. Bodley where his father had worked as Artistic Director, and his education both at the innovative Burslem School of Art and at the National Art Training School (soon to be renamed the Royal College of Art). His appointment as a designer at James Macintyre & Co., Ltd. put him in a firm at the very centre of enlightened art education in the Potteries, its Directors including the forward-looking M.P. Wm Woodall (who had served on the Royal Commission on Technical Instruction), the philanthropist Th. Hulme, and the gifted ceramic chemist, H. Watkin. It was a firm developing its production of electrical porcelain, but keen also to invest in the manufacture of high-quality art pottery. The firm’s Minutes reveal the great benefit it soon derived from Moorcroft’s appointment. After just four years, Moorcroft had acquired an international reputation as a ceramic artist, and his Florian ware was stocked by exclusive retailers the world over, bringing widespread commercial success. It was the ideal collaboration of manufacturer and designer, of commerce and art, very much in the spirit of the Arts and Crafts. The chapter also considers Moorcroft’s distinctive integration of ornament and form, a quality often singled out in early reviews and quite different from the ‘applied’ decoration of much contemporary pottery. No less distinctive was his technique of slip decoration, his unusually rich colours achieved by staining the unfired clay with metallic oxides, and his unique practice of signing every pot by hand.
4. 1910–12: Approaching a Crossroads
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

The accession of George V marked the dawn of a new age, and immediate high-profile interest in the pottery industry from Queen Mary. These years saw the launch of some of Moorcroft’s most ambitious designs, displaying a new palette of rich colours and particularly sophisticated decoration. A highly regarded exhibit at the Brussels International Exhibition of 1910 consolidated his international reputation, and brought renewed prestige (and increasing trade success) for Macintyre’s. His popularity continued to grow in North America, even as the UK’s pottery exports were in steady decline. Diary entries reveal Moorcroft’s tireless promotion of his work in both artistic and commercial circles; this was a highly unusual combination of roles. Contemporary reviews continued to identify Moorcroft as an individual artist (as opposed to an industrial designer). This is all the more significant as the future of ceramic art was increasingly associated with the work of individual potters rather than that of industrial studios. But against this background of artistic and commercial success, the tensions with Watkin continued to grow; surviving documents suggest that this was not simply a clash of priorities, but a more personal antagonism. As Moorcroft’s reputation grew and his working conditions deteriorated, separation from Macintyre’s was becoming inevitable.
5. 1912–13: Breaking with Macintyre’s
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This chapter gives the first detailed account of the closure of Moorcroft’s department and its consequences, drawing on the firm’s Minutes and on Moorcroft’s own notebooks, diary entries, and correspondence. As the rift deepened between Moorcroft and Watkin, the attitude of the Macintyre Directors to Moorcroft’s treatment was clearly ambivalent. Moorcroft’s decision to set up his own pottery (rather than to work as a designer in another firm) is a sign of his independent spirit and sense of vocation. In little more than six months, he developed a coherent business model, secured financial backing from Liberty’s, found a suitable site for his new works, and oversaw its design and construction. He also agreed a contract with Liberty’s which gave him the freedom to pursue his work as a potter, but which left Liberty’s free to withdraw their support after ten years if the enterprise was not commercially viable. It was a lifeline, but with strings attached. For all the challenges of this period, Moorcroft exhibited to great acclaim at the Ghent International Exhibition of 1913; the end of one phase of his career marked the beginning of another.
6. 1913–14: A New Beginning
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

We consider the practical difficulties faced by Moorcroft in his first year at the new factory, built to a tight budget and at high speed. The move to full production was inevitably slow, and the consequential financial pressures were compounded by continuing disputes with Watkin about the market value of stock which Moorcroft bought from Macintyre’s. Drawing on contemporary documents and ledgers, we examine the design of the new works and its informed compliance with the ‘Regulations for the Manufacture and Decoration of Pottery’, enacted in 1913. Its distinctiveness, though, lay not just its compliance, but in its working environment, quite different from both industrial manufactories and smaller-scale art potteries. Closer to a studio, it was defined and energised by Moorcroft himself, who played an active role in all aspects of design and production, management and marketing, supported in this by his wife, Florence Lovibond, one of the first Women Factory Inspectors. This unique atmosphere was immediately noticed by reviewers, and written about in terms which implicitly linked it to the Arts and Crafts movement. We contrast it with Fry’s Omega Workshops, another variant on the Morris legacy, established at the same time. Moorcroft’s enterprise is seen to be both more personal and less exclusive, with a mission to create an ‘everyday art’ for more than a select few.
11. 1929–31: No Ordinary Potter
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

The Wall Street Crash of October 1929 caused havoc in the industry as a whole. Moorcroft’s trading figures declined progressively, and he was obliged, for the first time, to sell pieces at reduced prices. It is clear from his accounts, however, that losses were attributable not simply to reduced sales, but also to an increase in unpaid invoices, and Moorcroft’s continued reluctance to put his staff on part time. Significantly, even as he began to struggle commercially, his reputation as a designer continued to grow. He responded defiantly to the bleak economic climate with a series of new designs which celebrated the beauty and vitality of the natural world: Landscape, Leaf and Berry, and Fish. His exhibits at British Industries Fairs were reviewed as if they were artworks in a gallery rather than samples on a trade stand, and whose quality was never compromised by their affordability; as one critic noted, even the most modest object was, for its owner, a ‘collector’s piece’. This was the epitome of ‘everyday art’. Moorcroft’s art is examined, too, in the context of continued discussion about the improvement of industrial design. As leading manufacturers turned either to fine artists, or to Art School trained designers, Moorcroft’s commitment to his own designs became increasingly significant. Even more outspoken in his criticism of industrial production than Leach had been in 1928, he explicitly positioned himself as a craft potter, not least in an article written in 1930 on the occasion of the bicentenary of Josiah Wedgwood’s birth. He wrote as one who has the outreach of a manufacturer, but the creative principles of an artist. Letters written to his daughter during these years provide a unique insight into his aesthetic outlook and his ambition to combat the bleakness of the times with ceramic objects, both functional and decorative, characterised by their integrity of design and humanity of craft production. And this is how his work was received. One critic identified a quality of ‘soulfulness’ in his pottery, and private correspondence from individual owners attests to its inspirational effect.
13. 1936–39: Pottery for a Troubled World
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

Moorcroft’s reputation as a designer continued to grow in these years. His newly launched SunRay tea ware attracted the attention of the influential Council for Art and Industry, and was selected for exhibition both at home and abroad as a model of progressive design. But Moorcroft was openly critical of what he saw as the CAI’s narrow appreciation of his work. He asserted his independence in a letter to The Times, criticising the CAI’s selection criteria for the British display at the International Exhibition of Art and Technology in Paris, 1937, and provocatively exhibited his own selection of decorative pieces in the International Pavilion. His exhibit inspired an article in La Revue moderne which identified in his work a timeless moral value, a particularly significant response at a time when culture was becoming increasingly politicised in Europe. Not coincidentally, he publicised the prominent display of his work in the culturally tolerant Deutsches Museum in Munich, a gesture all the more eloquent as politically motivated exhibitions of National Socialist and of Degenerate Art were taking place less than a mile away at just this time. Moorcroft’s work was appreciated for what one critic called its ‘real truth’; his international reputation as a ceramic artist had never been higher. This double success as designer and artist was unparalleled at a time when the gulf between industrial and studio production was at its deepest. And it doubtless inspired Blackie to invite Moorcroft to write a book on his work; it would have followed publications by two of the most influential potters and instructors of the time, Gordon Forsyth and Dora Billington, who had each recently examined from different perspectives the future relationship of studio pottery and industrial design. The project, though, was barely begun, and only jottings survive which sketch out some of his guiding principles, not least his commitment to integrity in design. Moorcroft’s exhibition at the New York World’s Fair of 1939 again drew the attention of the national press. Ledgers indicate that his sales income was also steadily rising, although not by enough to completely offset the relentless increase in costs. The declaration of war would bring its own problems.
14. 1939–45: Adversity and Resolution
Authors: Mallinson Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This chapter examines Moorcroft’s resourceful defence of his independence during the war, when most factories were either absorbed into so-called ‘nucleus’ firms under the Concentration of Industry scheme, or closed down entirely. With a steadily dwindling staff, and the ever-present threat of losing his premises, he held fast to his principles. Correspondence reveals that he was widely regarded as an inspiring example of dogged individuality, and that the sensitivity of his designs was appreciated all the more at this time of upheaval and uncertainty. We consider Moorcroft’s response to the restrictions of wartime legislation which prohibited the production of decorated pottery (except for export to North America). His Austerity ware was hailed as another model of design for the modern age, noticed by The Times and praised by both Read and Pevsner. But for all this acclaim, rising costs and an acute shortage of labour inevitably created exceptional commercial pressure. It was a period of particular tension, too, in his relationship with Liberty’s, who were no less vulnerable than Moorcroft to the economic consequences of war. At his death, just five months after VE Day, obituaries both national and international celebrated his distinction, highlighting to different extents his achievements as a potter, manufacturer and artist.
Rapid Detection of Norovirus GII by Fluorescent Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) and Nanomagnetic Bead Separation
Authors: Li Zhengkang , Di Yuwei , Song Xiaoyan , Wu Yanqi , Feng Yingye , Zhang Xinqiang , Gong Caiping , Li Guanghua
Published: August 2023

Noroviruses (NoVs) is the main cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, mainly affecting school-age children and adults. NoVs are transmitted through feces and vomitus, including human contact, food, and water. Presently, NoVs are detected using molecular biological methods. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), specifically, requires little detection equipment, a short detection time, and low technical skills. Here, we established our own NoV reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantitative detection system and a NoV GII RT-LAMP detection system. We collected 40 clinical samples, extracted RNAs, and used RT-PCR and RT-LAMP to detect NoV GII. The qualitative results of RT-LAMP were consistent with those of RT-PCR. However, a significant difference was observed between RT-LAMP and RT-PCR quantitative detection results. The NoV GII RT-LAMP detection system showed good sensitivity, up to 101, as well as good specificity. Furthermore, GI and GII did not interfere with each other. No false-positive responses were obtained for other gastrointestinal RNA viruses, such as Coxsackie virus A16 or enterovirus 71. Our results showed that the RT-LAMP detection system for NoV GII is suitable for the quantitative determination of NoV.
Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation/Microwave Ablation Technology for Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease Complicated with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Liu Xueping , Zhou Yuwang , Liu Chunya , Liu Xianglan
Published: August 2023

It aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety (EAS) of radiofrequency ablation (RFA)/microwave ablation (MWA) in treating patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). PubMed, EMbase, Medline, CBM, CNKI, Cochrane Online Library, and Web of Science
were searched for randomized controlled or cohort studies of parathyroidectomy (PTX), RFA, or MWA for CKD with SHPT. After quality assessment, RevMan 5.3 was employed for meta-analysis. Results revealed that seven articles were retrieved and included, including 842 patients, with 435 in the
RFA/MWA group and 407 in the PTX group. Based on the PTX group, intact parathyroid hormone (IPTH) at 1 day (MD = 145.87, 95% CI = 49.20–242.54, Z = 2.96, P = 0.003) and iPTH at 3 months (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.38–2.25, Z=2.75, P =0.006) in the RFA/MWA group were markedly
increased, the length of hospital stay (LOS) (MD=−3.24, 95% CI=−4.55–1.92, Z = 4.83, P <0.00001) was remarkably shorter, and the hematoma rate (OD = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.08–0.91, Z = 2.10, P = 0.04) and hypocalcemia rate (OD = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22–0.85,
Z = 2.43, P = 0.02) were markedly decreased. However, no great difference was observed in serum calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels or hoarseness rate between the PTX group and the RFA/MWA group at three months after the operation. In short, the blood iPTH level of patients after
RFA or MWA treatment was markedly increased, the rate of adverse events (AEs) was lower, and the length of LOS was shortened.
Secretory Carcinoma of Breast: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Sanli Ahmet Necati , Tekcan Sanli Deniz Esin , Altundag M. Kadri , Aydogan Fatih
Published: August 2023

Aim

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the characteristic features and survival of secretory carcinoma of the breast (SCB), which is one of the rare malignant tumors of the breast.

Methods

Data of patients with histopathological diagnosis of SCB between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the SEER database. These patients were evaluated in terms of age, race, molecular subtype, grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 receptor, TNM stage, surgical status, chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment. Overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the whole population and subgroups [in terms of surgery procedure (mastectomy/breast-conserving surgery), and hormone receptor status (positive/negative)] were analyzed.

Results

70 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 57 years (range 2-82). 32.9% of the patients were diagnosed under the age of 50. 97.1% of the patients were female; 2.9% were male. The vast majority of patients were white race (81.4%). Although the rates of localization were higher in the upper outer quadrant (31.4%), centrally located tumors (18.5%) were also quite common. The most frequently detected molecular subtype was hormone positive/HER2 negative. All patients were non-metastatic, 81.4% of patients did not have lymph node metastases, and most of the patients were stage IA. Median follow-up was 37 months (range 0-118 months). Considering all patients, OS was 76.3%, 5-year OS was 91.8%, and BCSS was 88%, 5-year BCSS was 97.8%. There was no statistically significant difference in OS and BCSS according to subgroups ( P > .01).

Conclusion

SCB, a rare histopathologic type, has high OS and BCSS rates.
Perinatal depression: The use of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to derive clinical subtypes
Authors: Galbally Megan , Watson Stuart J , Boyce Philip , Howard Louise , Herrman Helen
Published: August 2023

Background:

Predicting the course and complications of perinatal depression through the identification of clinical subtypes has been previously undertaken using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and has the potential to improve the precision of care and improve outcomes for women and their children.

Methods:

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores were collected twice in pregnancy and twice in the postpartum in a sample of 360 women who met diagnostic criteria for perinatal depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorder. These data were used to compare with previous, though conflicting, evidence from cross-sectional studies and extend this by undertaking longitudinal measurement invariance modelling to test the structural validity across the perinatal period. Latent profile and transition modelling was used to identify distinct subtypes of women and assess the utility of these subtypes and transition profiles to predict clinically meaningful outcomes.

Results:

Although our data supported one of the previously reported three-factor Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale structures used to compute subfactor totals for depressed mood, anxiety and anhedonia at both early pregnancy and 6 months postpartum, there was little value in using these Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale subfactor scores to identify subtypes predictive of clinically meaningful postpartum symptom subtypes, or of general health, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Conclusion:

Our study does not support the use of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to distinguish perinatal depressive subtypes for the purposes of predicting course and complications associated with perinatal depression. However, the results give guidance on alternative ways to study the value of personalised management in improved outcomes for women living with or at risk for perinatal depression.
Morphometric Shape Analysis of Corpus Callosum in Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Erdemli Gürsel Başak , Ercan İlker , Şahin İbrahim , Öngen Gökhan
Published: August 2023

Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation and delay in neurocognitive functions. Herein, we analyzed the morphometric shape of the corpus callosum (CC) in children with DS. Twenty-three DS cases underwent magnetic resonance imaging and have grossly normal CC, and 23 control group cases were included in this retrospective study (2012-2020). The CC was obtained from T2-weighted mid-sagittal images, and certain anatomical points were marked on the CC. Statistical geometric shapes and deformations of CC were evaluated for both groups. The age range of patients with DS and control group was 6 to 42 months. A statistically significant difference was found in the shape of CC between the groups ( P < .001). Deformation was most evident in the splenium in the DS group.
Extended Time Accommodation and the Academic, Behavioral, and Psychological Outcomes of Students With Learning Disabilities
Authors: Wei Xin , Zhang Susu
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed performance, process, and survey data of eighth graders with learning disabilities (LDs) who took the 2017 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) digital math test. Compared with students with LDs who did not receive extended time accommodations (ETAs), students with LDs who received and used ETA scored significantly higher on the test, whereas students with LDs who received but did not use ETA scored significantly lower on the test. In addition, students with LDs in the two ETA groups reported a lower level of perceived time pressure and a higher level of math interest and enjoyment than their peers who did not receive ETA. For students with LDs who received ETA, optimal performance was achieved with 50% additional time, while their peers who did not receive ETA typically performed best when utilizing most of their allotted time. The analysis of process data revealed that students with LDs who used ETA performed more actions, had a higher number of revisits, used universal design digital tools more frequently, and performed better on time-consuming items than their peers who did not receive ETA at the same level of math performance.
Not Bowling Alone: Revisiting Partisan Types and Participatory Behaviors Using the Communication Mediated Model
Authors: Chen Hsuan-Ting , Guo Jing
Published: August 2023

Drawing on the two-wave 2020 American National Election Studies (ANES) survey, this study revisits partisan types by categorizing individuals’ party identification and positions on party-divided issues. A Latent Class Analysis reveals six types of partisans, which were further clustered into three types: polarized partisans (i.e., polarized Democrats and polarized Republicans, 47.85%), incongruent partisans (i.e., conservative Democrats and liberal Republicans, 28.23%), and floating citizens (i.e., hesitant citizens and apathetic citizens, 23.92%) based on the partisan typology proposed in this study. Employing the O-S-R-O-R model, this study found that polarized partisans (O), who are the most politically active citizens, are more likely than incongruent partisans and floating citizens to seek pro-attitudinal news on multi-platforms (S), then to discuss politics (R), then to be politically knowledgeable (O), which finally leads to higher levels of political participation. The results highlight a worrisome tendency in US politics as participation is largely by biased polarized partisans. Nevertheless, incongruent partisans also have the potential to make contributions to both deliberative and participatory democracy because they are also politically active. Their discussion and participatory behaviors can be attributed to their mixed issue positions and counter-attitudinal news consumption on multi-platforms.
Massive Hemorrhage and Mortality Following Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Song Seulki , Kim Jin Pyeong
Published: August 2023

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) provides a relatively safe and noninvasive option for treating benign thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer that is cosmetically superior to surgery. Following a loss of consciousness 1 h after thyroid RFA, a 56-year-old patient was transferred to the emergency room. Despite undergoing coronary angiography due to 3 cardiac arrests, the results were normal. Although brain, chest, and abdominal computed tomography scans were performed, the emergency physician failed to detect any hematoma formation. Despite the use of mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the patient exhibited persistent hypoventilation. It was later discovered that an aggravated massive hemorrhage had occurred, due to which inferior thyroid artery embolization and surgical hematoma evacuation were performed. Unfortunately, prolonged brain hypoperfusion resulting from airway compromise and common carotid artery occlusion resulted in brain death and, ultimately, the patient’s demise. In conclusion, massive hemorrhages caused by RFA require immediate diagnosis and hemostasis.
Being Betrayed: The Psalmist’s Approach to Dealing with “Emotions of Exclusion”
Authors: Dickie June
Published: August 2023

The psalmist describes betrayal by a close companion in Psalms 41 and 55. His response aligns with Betrayal Trauma Theory, but his strong relationship with God prevents a negative impact on his “self.” The structure of these Hebrew lament-poems reveals how the psalmist coped with emotional distress. Laments offer a way for burdened individuals to express pain, frustration, anger, fear, and disillusionment to God, seeking eventual relief. In Pss 41 and 55, this approach brings solace. However, in Pss 44 and 88, where YHWH appears as the “betrayer,” the psalmist’s hope remains unfulfilled, yet he relies on the covenant for eventual resolution.
Jesus As an Apocalyptic Prophet: The Meaning of the Theory for Systematic Theology
Authors: Walczak Marcin
Published: August 2023

In contemporary research on the figure of historical Jesus, the dominant theory is that he was an apocalyptic prophet, heralding the imminent coming of the end of the present world and the coming of the eschatological kingdom of God. Beginning with the work of Albert Schweitzer, this theory is considered the most probable according to most researchers of the origins of Christianity. This article examines the assumptions of this theory to show how challenging it is to contemporary systematic theology. The first part presents the history and status of the theory in contemporary scientific research. The second part briefly presents the basic assumptions of the theory itself. Finally, the third part presents the problems that the theory raises for systematic theology.
Listen and Learn: Equity, Embodied Pedagogies, and Engaging Asian American Buddhists
Authors: Han Chenxing , Housiaux Andrew
Published: August 2023

In this article, we consider the intersection of experiential learning and equity work through the lens of a 10-week project: “Listening to the Buddhists in Our Backyard” (L2BB), undertaken in collaboration with a group of six high school seniors at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, in the spring of 2022. L2BB was part of a broader undertaking known as The Workshop, an experimental school-within-a-school that seeks to reimagine education beyond the restrictive norms or “grammar” of schooling. Mirroring the emergent and adaptive methods of L2BB, this article incorporates student voices, narrative interviews, and methodological reflections to advance our claim that an embodied, listening-first model of learning avoids common pitfalls of community-based learning while enabling students to develop a more accurate picture of racial and religious minorities in the United States.
Is ESG Data Financially Viable? A Case of Stock Price Synchronicity
Authors: Potharla Srikanth , Kumar Neeraj , Choudhary Pooja , Turubilli Surya Kumari
Published: August 2023

According to the information efficiency view, stock price synchronicity reflects the degree of integration of firm-specific information with market-level information. Stock price synchronicity is higher (lower) when there is a higher (lower) level of integration between the firm and the overall market information. As the disclosure of environmental, social and governance data provides more firm-specific, non-financial, value-relevant information to the market, stock prices reflect such information efficiently. It leads to more information efficiency and lower synchronicity of stock prices. Against this backdrop, the present study examines the relationship between ESG and its component scores and stock price synchronicity using a sample of 163 Indian companies reporting their ESG scores through the Thomson Reuters database from 2011 to 2021. The findings of the study confirmed that the ESG score and the scores of its components (except the governance score) have a significant negative impact on stock price synchronicity and a significant positive impact on idiosyncratic volatility. This is consistent with the information efficiency viewpoint, implying that ESG disclosure has value relevance in the capital market and that investors in the Indian market consider ESG information when making investment decisions.
Book review: Ruby Maloni, The Route to European Hegemony. India’s Intra-Asian Trade in the Early Modern Period (Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries)
Authors: Hassan Basharat
Published: August 2023

Ruby Maloni, The Route to European Hegemony. India’s Intra-Asian Trade in the Early Modern Period (Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries) (New Delhi: Manohar, 2021), 301 pp.
The Woman from Tekoa (2 Sam. 14) and the Character of Judicial Wisdom in Ancient Israel
Authors: Johnson Dylan R.
Published: August 2023

Through the lens of comparative legal history, this study re-examines the story of the Wise Woman of Tekoa (2 Sam. 14.2–24) as a narrativized legal petition—an ancient Near Eastern epistolary sub-genre known from cuneiform and alphabetic inscriptions. This brief juridical parable offers a unique account of justice and adjudication largely independent of its ideological depiction in the Pentateuchal law codes, making it a critical text in the study of biblical law. In particular, it evokes two distinct forms of judicial wisdom in the context of legal self-help and royal adjudication. By comparing and contrasting this parable with other texts dealing with similar themes, I outline the diverse ways biblical writers explained the intersections of law, wisdom, and justice.
Management of cluster headache: Treatments and their mechanisms
Authors: Peng Kuan-Po , Burish Mark J.
Published: August 2023

Background

The management of cluster headache is similar to that of other primary headache disorders and can be broadly divided into acute and preventive treatments. Acute treatments for cluster headache are primarily delivered via rapid, non-oral routes (such as inhalation, nasal, or subcutaneous) while preventives include a variety of unrelated treatments such as corticosteroids, verapamil, and galcanezumab. Neuromodulation is becoming an increasingly popular option, both non-invasively such as vagus nerve stimulation when medical treatment is contraindicated or side effects are intolerable, and invasively such as occipital nerve stimulation when medical treatment is ineffective. Clinically, this collection of treatment types provides a range of options for the informed clinician. Scientifically, this collection provides important insights into disease mechanisms.

Methods

Two authors performed independent narrative reviews of the literature on guideline recommendations, clinical trials, real-world data, and mechanistic studies.

Results

Cluster headache is treated with acute treatments, bridge treatments, and preventive treatments. Common first-line treatments include subcutaneous sumatriptan and high-flow oxygen as acute treatments, corticosteroids (oral or suboccipital injections) as bridge treatments, and verapamil as a preventive treatment. Some newer acute (non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation) and preventive (galcanezumab) treatments have excellent clinical trial data for episodic cluster headache, while other newer treatments (occipital nerve stimulation) have been specifically tested in treatment-refractory chronic cluster headache. Most treatments are suspected to act on the trigeminovascular system, the autonomic system, or the hypothalamus.

Conclusions

The first-line treatments have not changed in recent years, but new treatments have provided additional options for patients.
The Particular and the Provincial: Thinking with Dorothy Smith’s Phenomenology
Authors: Sweet Paige L.
Published: August 2023

I focus on Smith’s phenomenological insights related to the concepts of “bifurcation” and “consciousness” to explore the persistent tension in her work between particularity and abstraction. For Smith, because marginalized groups’ experiences are excluded from dominant ways of knowing, we must begin inquiry from the embodied activity of everyday life, never from the abstracted categories of accepted knowledge. Smith’s concept of bifurcation is essential to understanding this. When people experience the world as bifurcated, we should ask how that split illuminates the ongoing production of marginality as constituted by historically specific relations of ruling. “Consciousness” is likewise essential for Smith because it reflects her concern with how forms of domination get incorporated. For Smith, consciousness is not “micro” but reflects the temporal organization of social power. Starting from the particular seems “small” but is actually incredibly ambitious: The most shrouded aspects of social power are visible there.
No Child Left Behind and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: Examining Special Educators’ Outcomes
Authors: Nguyen Tuan D. , Redding Christopher , Gilmour Allison F. , Bettini Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

Drawing on eight waves of the Schools and Staffing Survey and the National Teacher and Principal Survey, we used a difference-in-differences research design to examine special education teachers’ (SETs) responses to No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the subsequent reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA was associated with decreases in the proportion of SETs with special education as a field of study and graduate degrees, an increase in co-teaching, and a decrease in the proportion of SETs working in a resource delivery model, with no evidence that NCLB influenced these outcomes. Little consistent evidence was found to indicate these federal policies influenced SETs’ job attitudes (e.g., job satisfaction). We identified differences in these associations based on school poverty status and grade level. These findings help to better understand the status and challenges of the current SET workforce and the unintended consequences of federal reform policies.
Using Data to Intensify Math Instruction: An Evaluation of the Instructional Hierarchy
Authors: Codding Robin S. , VanDerHeyden Amanda , Chehayeb Reina
Published: August 2023

This study extends prior research by manipulating both intervention and skill difficulty using a multiple baseline across participants design with changing phases in a virtual tutoring environment. Participants were four U.S. students from third and fifth grades for whom appropriate and challenging instructional targets were selected following diagnostic assessment using curriculum-based measurement. Instructional strategies were selected to align or misalign with those instructional targets. The multiple baseline design was used to determine the functional relationship between the instructional strategies (acquisition or fluency-building) with appropriate and challenging skills. Results suggested that indicated intervention strategies aligned with students’ skill proficiency resulted in improvements but that contraindicated intervention strategies that were misaligned with students’ skill proficiency did not. Furthermore, most students rated the contraindicated intervention strategies as less acceptable or reported higher levels of math anxiety.
Association Between Sexual Harassment Intervention Strategies and the Sexual Harassment Perception and Attitude of University Students in Beijing, China
Authors: He Hong , Wang Xin , Wang Pan , Liu Siyuan
Published: August 2023

Sexual harassment in universities harms the physical and psychological health and development of students. Although Chinese universities are required to implement sexual harassment interventions, few studies have estimated how well interventions are perceived by students and the association with their perceptions and attitudes toward sexual harassment. This study aims to examine the perceptions and attitudes toward sexual harassment and perceived sexual harassment interventions among university students. Further, it evaluated the association between sexual harassment interventions and sexual harassment perceptions and attitudes among university students and explored potential gender differences in the observed associations. We categorized sexual harassment interventions into three types of strategies (informal education activities, prevention mechanisms, and multiformat publicity) and designed an 8-item scale for sexual harassment perception and a 10-item scale for sexual harassment attitude. A total of 872 students were recruited from six universities in Beijing, China. Association between intervention strategies and sexual harassment perceptions and attitudes was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that 78.56% of the university students recognized all sexual harassment behaviors, and 11.58% felt angry about all sexual harassment behaviors. Male students felt angrier at same-sex harassment than female students ( p < .001). Overall, the students were aware of approximately 3 of the 13 sexual harassment interventions. None of the three intervention strategies was significantly associated with perceptions of sexual harassment ( p > .050). The attitude toward sexual harassment was positively associated with informal education activities (coeff = 0.055, p = .015) and multiformat publicity (coeff = 0.077, p = .030) among female students, and negatively associated with prevention mechanisms (coeff = −0.123, p = .033) among male students. Our findings imply that sexual harassment interventions are not well known among university students. Universities should develop and propagate more sexual harassment informal education activities and multiformat publicity intervention strategies and pay more attention to gender differences in intervention strategies.
Measuring Electronically Shared Rape Myths: Scale Creation and Correlates
Authors: Thulin Elyse J. , Florimbio Autumn Rae , Philyaw-Kotov Meredith L. , Walton Maureen A. , Bonar Erin E.
Published: August 2023

Increased access to information online (e.g., social media) provides opportunities for exposure to rape myths (i.e., false beliefs about incidents of sexual assault). Social media, in particular, may serve a critical role in shaping rape culture. Thus, it is important to identify ways to assess online exposure to rape myths, especially given the influence online exposure may have on offline behaviors. Data were analyzed from 2,609 18–25-year-old participants (mean age = 20.9 years; 46.1% male; 71.6% White) recruited in 2017 through social media to complete an online survey on experiences and perceptions of sexual violence. We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA) to evaluate the relatedness of nine items adapted to reflect rape myths posted by friends on social media. We split the sample into training (50%) and testing (50%) sets for the EFA and CFA, respectively, then evaluated the correlation between experiences of sexual violence, substance use, and social media use and exposure to online rape myths. Eigenvalues (1-factor: 5.509; 2-factor: 0.803; 3-factor: 0.704; 4-factor: 0.482), factor loadings, fit statistics (RMSEA: 0.03; CFI: 0.99; TLI: 0.99; SRMR: 0.057), interpretability, and existing theory supported a 1-factor solution, which was supported by CFA fit statistics (RMSEA: 0.021; CFI: 0.99; TLI: 0.99; SRMR: 0.038). Cronbach’s alpha of the nine items was .77. Greater exposure to online rape myths was associated with greater likelihood of attempted rape perpetration ( β = .052, SE = .016, p < .005), rape victimization ( β = .045, SE = .009, p < .005), use of illicit drugs ( β = .021, SE = 0.008, p < .05), being male ( β = .017, SE = .008, p < .05), and being younger ( β = −.008, SE = .002, p < .005). Our findings support assessing exposure to online rape myths, which may be important for informing sexual violence prevention and intervention efforts.