bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GNB4 is a differentially expressed gene in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4, encoded by GNB4, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. GNB4 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of GNB4 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of GNB4 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.
Takotsubo Syndrome: A Review on The Relationship Between The Heart and The Brain
Authors: Wulandari Prima Hapsari
Published: February 2021

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), also known as stress cardiomyopathy, causes severe heart syndrome in humans due to extreme physiological and psychological stress events in life. Takotsubo syndrome's critical manifestations of acute chest pain and syncope or dyspnea often imitate an episode of severe myocardial infarction that does not entail coronary artery obstruction. Recent scientific data reveals that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulation contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of TTS. In detail, emotional stress events in an individual cause SNS activation, leading to an excessive release of catecholamine that inflicts toxicity to myocardial tissues when present at superfluous concentrations. However, the central nervous system (CNS) alterations and the relationship between heart and brain among TTS patients remain vague. Of late, several published studies disclosed the importance of the aforesaid heart-brain relationship in the pathogenesis of TTS. This review examines studies focused on the excessive release of catecholamine, the activation of SNS, and the heart-brain relationship in TTS cases from concurrent systemic and pathophysiological attributes.
TIPE NEGARA ROMAWI KUNO
Authors: Mahdi Farhan Hajiratun
Published: February 2021

Tipe negara Romawi Kuno:1.Romawi Kuno adalah sebutan bagi peradaban bangsa Romawi.2.Ada 3 fase pemerintahan, yaitu :a.Fase Kerajaan (753-509 SM)b.Fase Republik (509-27 SM)c.Fase Kekaisaran (27 SM-476 M)3.Pemimpin dipilih langsung oleh masyarakat4.Adanya pemimpin yang absolut5.Adanya kodifikasi hukum
Ngồi văn phòng có cần thiết phải đeo thẻ nhân viên?
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Công việc của tôi ít khi phải gặp gỡ khách hàng, thường chỉ ngồi làm việc tại văn phòng. Nhưng công ty yêu cầu 100% nhân viên đi làm phải đeo thẻ nhân viên và mặc đồng phục. Nhân viên nào quên đeo thẻ thì bị khiển trách. Việc mặc đồng phục thì rõ rồi, tuy nhiên tôi muốn việc đeo thẻ nhân viên khi làm việc quan trọng như thế nào trong vấn đề phát triển văn hóa doanh nghiệp.
On the working of the mindsponge concept and the bayesvl R package
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang , Ho Manh-Toan , Le Tri Tam , Huyen Nguyen Thanh Thanh , Nguyen Hong-Kong T.
Published: February 2021

The usefulness of the mindsponge notion has been aided by the philosophical reasoning nature inherent in the Bayesian belief updating process.
Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Methods for Predicting Air Demand in Dam Bottom Outlet
Authors: Narimani Aliakbar , Moghimi  , Mosavi Amir
Published: February 2021

In large infrastructures such as dams, which have a relatively high economic value, ensuring the proper operation of the associated hydraulic facilities in different operating conditions is of utmost importance. To ensure the correct and successful operation of the dam's hydraulic equipment and prevent possible damages, including gates and downstream tunnel, to build laboratory models and perform some tests are essential (the advancement of the smart sensors based on artificial intelligence is essential). One of the causes of damage to dam bottom outlets is cavitation in downstream and between the gates, which can impact on dam facilities, and air aeration can be a solution to improve it. In the present study, six dams in different provinces in Iran has been chosen to evaluate the air entrainment in the downstream tunnel experimentally. Three artificial neural networks (ANN) based machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to model and predict the air aeration in the bottom outlet. The proposed models are trained with genetic algorithms (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), i.e., ANN-GA, ANN-PSO, and ANFIS-PSO. Two hydrodynamic variables, namely volume rate and opening percentage of the gate, are used as inputs into all bottom outlet models. The results showed that the most optimal model is ANFIS-PSO to predict the dependent value compared with ANN-GA and ANN-PSO. The importance of the volume rate and opening percentage of the dams' gate parameters is more effective for suitable air aeration.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Senam di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Berbasis e-Learning Eldiru
Authors: Budi Didik Rilastiyo
Published: February 2021

Dampak Covid 19 pada bidang pendidikan membuat proses dan evaluasi pembelajaran di tingkat Perguruan Tinggi tidak dapat terlaksana sebagaimana mestinya. Evaluasi pembelajaran merupakan langkah krusial untuk mengukur prestasi dan tingkat keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar. Adaptasi kondisi pandemi Covid 19 yang membatasi mobilitas menumbuhkan inovasi pembelajaran dan evaluasi menggunakan media daring. Sistem e-Learning ELDIRU yang dikembangkan oleh Universitas Jenderal Soedirman hadir sebagai alternatif penilaian prestasi belajar mahasiswa di mata kuliah pembelajaran senam.
Pengaruh Kecanduan Media Sosial Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswi Asrama Di Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Jaffray Makassar
Authors: Jani Sari , Weismann Ivan Thorstein
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penulisan dari skripsi ini adalah, untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecanduan media sosialdalam asrama dan memberikan hasil penelitian pengaruh kecanduan media sosial terhadapprestasi belajar. Adapu metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalahdengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Dan untuk melakukan penelitian tersebut hal yangdilakukan, yaitu: Pertama, pengambilan dan pengumpulan data melalui buku, jurnal, danskripsi online yang berkaitan dengan judul yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini. Kedua, observasilapangan dan menyebarkan angket tertutup kepada mahasiswi sebagai responden. Ketiga,wawancara langsung kepada mahasiwi. Kesimpulan dari penulisan ini, ialah: Pertama,Seseorang yang sudah kecanduan media sosial akan sulit untuk lepas karena sudah menjadisutu kegemaran dan tidak nyaman jika tidak bermain media sosial. Kedua, prestasi belajaradalah sesuatu yang telah dicapai, dan diperoleh dalam mengikuti proses belajar. Ketiga,dari hasil koefisien korelasi antara kecanduan media sosial terhadap prestasi belajar adalah0,661 berarti kedua variabel tersebut memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat. Dan konstribusikecanduan media sosial memberikan pengaruh pada prestasi belajar sebesar 65% yaitusangat kuat.
Hemoglobin catalyzes ATP-synthesis in human erythrocytes: A murburn model
Authors: Manoj Kelath Murali , Parashar Abhinav , Jacob Vivian David , Gideon Daniel Andrew
Published: February 2021

Blood hemoglobin (Hb) is the most abundant globular protein in humans, known to transport oxygen. Erythrocytes have ~10-3 M concentration levels of ATP in steady-state and we estimate that this high cannot be formed from 10-4 - 10-7 M levels of precursors via substrate-level phosphorylation of glycolysis. To account for this discrepancy, we propose that Hb serves as a ‘murzyme’ (a redox enzyme working along the principles of murburn concept), catalyzing the synthesis of the major amounts of ATP found in erythrocytes. This proposal is along the lines of our earlier works demonstrating DROS (diffusible reactive oxygen species) mediated ATP-synthesis as a thermodynamically and kinetically viable mechanism for physiological oxidative phosphorylation. We support the new hypothesis for Hb with theoretical arguments, experimental findings of reputed peers and in silico explorations. Using in silico methods, we demonstrate that adenoside nucleotide and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) binding sites are located suitably on the monomer/tetramer, thereby availing facile access to the superoxide emanating from the heme center. Our proposal explains earlier reported in situ experimental findings/suggestions of 2,3-BPG and ADP binding at the same locus on Hb. The binding energy is in the order of 2,3-BPG > NADH > ATP > ADP > AMP and agrees with earlier reports, potentially explaining the bioenergetic physiology of erythrocytes. Also, the newly discovered site for 2,3-BPG shows lower affinity in fetal Hb (as compared to adults) explaining oxygen transfer from mother to embryo. The findings pose significant implications in routine physiology and pathologies like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia.
Suicidal Thoughts
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: February 2021

Here, we need a dynamic model to help explain the complexity of suicidal ideation. The explanation needs to consider both what is going on inside a person's mind, as well as the outside influence, such as culture or incoming information. The mindsponge mechanism, which was initially proposed to understand how a person deals with new cultural values, can be a viable option for psychologists. Regarding the problems with data, Bayesian statistics, with its ability to update belief as well as the feasibility in dealing with a low number of observations, can help to understand the issue.
ARSK is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that arylsulfatase family member K, encoded by ARSK, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. ARSK mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of ARSK in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival. Modulation of ARSK expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Scientific Autobiography
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: February 2021

I present the references of my scientific publications divided into categories.
Two-sided turbulent surface layer parameterizations for computing air-sea fluxes
Authors: Pelletier Charles , Lemarié Florian , Blayo Eric , Bouin Marie-Noelle , Redelsperger Jean-Luc
Published: February 2021

Standard methods for determining air – sea fluxes typically rely on bulk algorithms set in the frame of Monin-Obukhov stability theory (MOST), using ocean surface fields and atmosphere near-surface fields. In the context of coupled ocean – atmosphere simulations, the shallowest ocean vertical level is usually used as bulk input and by default, the turbulent closure is one-sided: it extrapolates atmosphere near-surface solution profiles (for wind speed, temperature and humidity) to the prescribed ocean surface values. Using near-surface ocean fields as surface ones is equivalent to considering that in the ocean surface layer, solution profiles are constant instead of also being determined by a turbulent closure. Here we introduce a method for extending existing turbulent parameterizations to a two-sided framework by explicitly including the ocean surface layer within the aforementioned parameterizations. The formalism we use for this method is derived from that of classical turbulent closures, so that our novelties can easily be implemented within existing formulations. Special care is taken to ensure the smoothness of resulting solution profiles. Other physical phenomena, such as the penetration of radiative fluxes in the ocean and the formation of waves, are then included within our formalism, and their effects are assessed. We also investigate the impact of such two-sided bulk formulations on air - sea fluxes evaluated from a setting similar to those of coupled ocean - atmosphere simulations.
Competing Motives in a Pandemic: Interplays Between Fundamental Social Motives and Technology Use in Predicting (Non)Compliance with Social Distancing Guidelines
Authors: Brown Mitch , Young Steven , Sacco Donald F.
Published: February 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals were advised to adhere to various social distancing guidelines to limit physical interpersonal contact. Humans have a suite of adaptations to effectively satisfy belonging needs while avoiding diseased conspecifics, and competition between these motivational systems may explain adherence and resistance to contemporary social distancing guidelines. The current study is a preregistered analysis of data collected during the pandemic investing how individual differences in affiliative and pathogen-avoidant motives differentially predict interest in physical interactions (N=2,409). Heightened germ aversion was predictably associated with less interest in physical interactions during the pandemic with chronic need to belong conversely predicting more interest. Additional analyses revealed utilization of technology satisfied belonging motives that further reduced interest in physical contact. We frame results through a framework of competing fundamental social motives and how this knowledge could inform work on future pandemics.
Five-Month-Old Infants Attribute Inferences Based on General Knowledge to Agents
Authors: Ting Fransisca , He Zijing , Baillargeon Renée
Published: February 2021

To make sense of others’ actions, we generally consider what information is available to them. This information may come from different sources, including perception and inference. Like adults, young infants track what information agents can obtain through perception: If an agent directly observes an event, for example, they expect her to have information about it. However, no investigation has yet examined whether young infants also track what information agents can obtain through inference, by bringing to bear relevant general knowledge. Building on the finding that by 4 months of age, most infants have acquired the physical rule that wide objects can fit into wide but not narrow containers, we asked whether 5-month-olds would expect an agent who was searching for a wide toy hidden in her absence to reach for a wide as opposed to a narrow box. Infants looked significantly longer when the agent selected the narrow box, suggesting that they expected her (a) to share the physical knowledge that wide objects can fit only into wide containers and (b) to infer that the wide toy must be hidden in the wide box. Three additional conditions supported this interpretation. Together, these results cast doubt on two-system accounts of early psychological reasoning, which claim that infants’ early-developing system is too inflexible and encapsulated to integrate inputs from other cognitive processes, such as physical reasoning. Instead, the results support one-system accounts and provide new evidence that young infants’ burgeoning psychological-reasoning system is qualitatively similar to that of older children and adults.
Cognition in Context: Validating Group-Based Executive Function Assessments in Young Children
Authors: Ahmed Sammy F. , Grammer Jennie K , Morrison Frederick J.
Published: February 2021

The current study describes and validates a set of group-based executive function (EF) assessments for use with young children. These situational tasks involve instructing groups of young students to march to music while completing tasks that place demands on their EF abilities. These efforts were motivated by providing researchers with a set measures that assess EF subcomponents while also accounting for the dynamic social processes present in group settings. These assessments take place in schools, are relatively simple to administer, and include multiple EF indicators. Drawing on a diverse sample of 283 Kindergarten students (Mage = 5.8 years; SD = 0.38 years), we found that group-based EF assessments were significantly related to individually-assessed EF measures, and differentially predicted children’s performance on standardized tests of math and reading achievement. Overall, this study represents a first step towards developing a set of group-based EF measures that are appropriate for use with young children.
Exploring common therapeutic elements in providing support services to parents whose children are in public care: A qualitative study
Authors: Israel Pravin , Steffensen Cathrine , Hadland Hege Helliesen
Published: February 2021

Parents whose children are in public care are a vulnerable, hard-to-reach and under-focused group. Their needs are numerous, complex, and range from acute to long-term. The Family Counselling Services have recently assumed particular responsibility to provide emotional and support services to this parent group. The study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of family therapists currently working with the parent group. A national sample of 21 therapists participated in the study. Data was collected based on focus-group interviews and analysed using themes from the Contextual Model presented by Wampold (2015). Responses covered the initial bond and the three therapeutic pathways offered by the model. Further, therapists had a positive attitude but also expressed their concerns. Providing supplemental services to the parent group had an excellent fit with the Family Counseling Services.
Conceptual Approaches to the Study of the Thyroid Gland at Different Levels of Its Integration into the Body
Authors: Ryabukha Olha
Published: February 2021

The body is a complex self-regulating biological system. Its organizational structure can be simplified to three levels: organellocellular (basic), organic and systematically somatic. The activity of each element in the system occurs within the competence of the level which it belongs to. It causes different levels of hierarchical subordination in the body.
Preferred screening test for Cushing’s syndrome screening
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed
Published: February 2021

Background: In our practice 24 hours urine collection for free cortisol (24Hr UFC) and overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ONDST) are initial investigations to screen patients for hyper-cortisolism. I audited our practice to find our clinicians’ and patients’ choice of first screening investigation for hyper-cortisolism. Method & material: Electronic and paper medical records of patients who underwent 24Hr UFC and/or ONDST at our hospital over previous consecutive twenty four months were examined. 62 such patients were identified but 12 patients were excluded from analysis. We tried to contact 30 patients over consecutive 48 hours over the phone who underwent both 24Hr UFC and ONDST. We managed to contact 18 patients and asked them two study questions. Data & results: 33 (66%) patients were female and 17 (33%) were male. 20 (40%) had 24Hr UFC alone and 30 (60%) patients had both. In total 80 such investigations completed 30 being ONDST and 50 24hr UFC. 53 (66%) of the investigations were requested by Endocrinologists, 21 (26%) by Hospital General Physicians and 6 (8%) by General practitioners (GP). For UFC 10 (20%) were true positive, 31 (62%) were false positive, 6 (12%) were true negative and 0% false negative. 3 (6%) 24Hr UFC samples were not collected properly and were not processed for results. Out of the total false positives (31 patients), 6 (19.3%) cases were of alcohol excess, 4 (13%) of dépression, 3 (9.7%) of inhaled steroids and 1 (3.2%) of sleep apnea. For the ONDST 7 (23.3%) true positive, 4 (13.3%) false positive 19 (63.4%) true negative and 0% false negative. All 18 patients contacted over the phone answered both questions. 16 preferred ONDST over 24Hr UFC, 1 patient had no preference and 1 patient preferred 24Hr UFC over ONDST. Conclusion: Patients overwhelmingly preferred ONDST as first screening test in contrast to physician’s choice of 24Hr UFC.
Etiology & Outcome of Acute kidney Injury in Intensive Care Unit Settings of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Mumtaz Hassan
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a rapid loss of kidney function occurring over few hours or days. In intensive care unit settings, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very prevalent condition as most of the patients who are admitted in intensive care units are critically ill. The incidence of acute kidney injury is increasing throughout the world mainly because of aging population and co morbidities which are associated with aging. In intensive care unit settings, the incidence of AKI may reach up to 67%. Though AKI effects depend on clinical situation yet associated with high morbidity and mortality. The rationale of this study is that, as acute kidney is one of major factors contributing in mortality and morbidity of ICU patients, this study will be helpful in identifying important risk factor for development of acute kidney injury in ICU settings, leading to its early detection and thus decreasing associated morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the frequency of etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury in medical intensive care unit of KRL Hospital. Setting: Medical ICU, KRL Hospital, Islamabad. Duration: six months from 17th May 2017 to 17th November 2017. Study design: Descriptive case series. Material and method: In this study 118 patients were observed. After screening and application of exclusion criteria, a total of 118 patients who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected as the study sample and were included in the final analysis regarding prevalence of risk factors associated with AKI and the outcome associated with AKI. AKI was further classified using acute kidney injury network (AKIN) classification system. Patient age, gender, serum creatinine, etiology and outcome in form of recovery or mortality was recorded. Results: Overall incidence of AKI in ICU settings in this study was 37.8% (n=118). Out of 118 patients who had AKI, 59.3% (n=70) were male, whereas 40.7% (n=48) were females. Most common risk factor associated with development of AKI was sepsis secondary to infectious illnesses and 39% (n=46) of the patients who developed AKI were suffering from infectious illnesses. Gastrointestinal, drugs and cardiac causes constitutes the 32.2 % (n=38), 18.6% (n=22) and 10.2% (n=12) respectively of the AKI in ICU settings. In terms of outcome, mortality rate in patients with AKI was significantly higher as compared to patients without AKI(P =<0.001) and 56.8%(n=67) of the patients who had AKI died during their ICU stay as compared to 30.4%(n=59) in patients without AKI. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of etiology including infectious causes was 39%, cardiac pathology 10%, GI causes 32%, drugs was 19% and mortality was 56.8% in patients with acute kidney injury.
The Frequency and Significance of Portopulmonary Venous Anastomosis (PPVA) and Transvenous Obliteration for Gastric Varices
Authors: Bontha Laxmisamhitha
Published: February 2021

A Portopulmonary Venous Anastomosis (PPVA) is a direct vascular connection between the portal venous system and the pulmonary veins, close to the left atrium. We describe a patient with advanced cirrhosis and moderately severe Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in whom (PPVA) was demonstrated by a high resolution computed tomographic scan. In order to reduce the symptoms of hypoxia in our patient, we sequentially performed Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) followed by a catheter based obliteration of the PPVA. The case raised three questions which were addressed through an extensive literature review. Among patients with advanced cirrhosis, what is the frequency of PPVA? Our literature review suggests that the frequency of finding a PPVA in patients with portal hypertension depends on the imaging technique used. Transhepatic or transvenous portal venography may demonstrate PPVA in about 20% of patients with cirrhosis and varices. Limited published experience with contrast enhanced (bubble) echocardiography suggests that PPVA may be present in about 30% of such patients. An increasing number of case reports of PPVA have been published in recent years. This observation indicates that routine use of High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging is able to identify PPVA in cirrhotic patients. The visualization of PPVA with HRCT depends on the timing of the contrast injection and the expertise of the viewer. The present report describes three patients with portopulmonary venous anastomosis (PPVA) in whom balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) of gastric varices was attempted. No patients had a gastrorenal shunt. In one patient, after an approach from the inferior phrenic vein (IPV), the PPVA was embolized with the use of microcoils. Portopulmonary Venous Anastomosis Detected at Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration for Gastric Varices among cirrhotic patients with PPVA, what is the clinical significance of the PPVA? There are multiple causes of clinically significant hypoxia in patients with cirrhosis. A PPVA is a right to left shunt that, theoretically, could be associated with clinically significant systemic arterial hypoxemia or emboli. There is not definitive evidence in the published literature that PPVA alone causes clinically significant hypoxia in cirrhotic patients. PPVA is, however, a documented important risk factor for systemic emboli when needle or catheter techniques are used to treat or prevent bleeding from gastroesophageal varices.
Gastric Bypass Reversion with Henley-Longmire Intestinal Loop, Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Marginal Ulcer - A Case Report
Authors: Mainero Pablo
Published: February 2021

Bariatric surgery complications are associated with the nature of the procedure, reaching an incidence of 40%. One of them is the marginal ulcer, which is defined as a peptic ulcer produced over the jejunal mucosa, distal from the gastro-jejunal anastomosis. Its reported frequency ranges from 0.6 to 25% in gastric bypass patients. Associated risk factors are bad tissue perfusion by increased tension of the anastomosis, foreign bodies as stiches or staples, acidic exposure from gastric fistula, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, tobacco and infection by Helicobacter Pylori. Female patient operated with Roux en “Y” Gastric bypass for obesity, 7 months after the first surgery she required emergency surgery with laparotomy due to postsurgical complications. 3 months after this event she was diagnosed with malnutrition and almost 1 year after the initial GB she presented to the ER with abdominal pain, distension and involuntary muscle resistance. She was admitted to the ER with tachycardia, bilateral hypoventilation and abdominal pain. A CT-scan revealed hollow viscera perforation. Pouch gastrectomy and anastomosis of the gastric remnant with the Henley-Longmire jejunal loop technique for reverse bypass procedure was performed successfully. The gastric bypass reversion is essential for long term complications that do not respond to initial treatment, such as the recurrent marginal ulcers, dumping syndrome, hiatal hernias, refractory hypoglycemia’s, nesidioblastosis, and hypocalcemia.
Amphetamine use Associated with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Gilles Macaigne
Published: February 2021

The MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) is a synthetic psychotropic molecule of the amphetamine class. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system which possesses particular psychotropic characteristics, of a powerful serotoninergic which provides it in high doses or in case of regular use a neurotoxic power [1]. The MDMA is a consumable drug in the form of crystals or pills, more commonly known under the name of ecstasy.
Scientific interpretation of the concept “principles of operational-search activities of criminal police units”
Authors: Shendryk Vladyslav , Stashchak Anzhela
Published: February 2021

The article deals with theoretical problems of determining the content of the definition of "principles of operational and search activity of criminal police units". The conducted analysis revealed, first, the existing diversity of approaches and opinions, formulated as a result of discussing the most painful and acute aspects, which accordingly requires a comprehensive approach to the consideration and definition of the content of the concept of "operational and search activities". Secondly, it is determined that in recent years there has been an ongoing debate among legal professionals on the subject of limitation of the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person in the course of operational search activities. This, on the one hand, is caused by a large number of violations in the said field by practitioners, and, on the other, by a lack of understanding of the basic provisions in terms of conducting operational-search measures in the form of uncertainty about the use of PRD princes in the process of combating crime. In order to achieve this goal, the author examines the semantics of the concept under study, the existing opinions of domestic and foreign scientists, presents fundamentally different views and critically analyzes them. As a result of the conducted research, it is stated that the definition of "principles of operational and search activity of criminal police units" should be understood to be guided by the current legislation guiding and fundamental ideas that are not violated and generally define the paradigm, fundamental course, boundaries and boundaries investigative measures, the use of operative-search forces and means in the day-to-day activities of criminal police units aimed at investigative counteraction to crime.
Departmental control and procedural guidance – guarantees of legality observance in pre-trial investigation
Authors: Yurchyshyn Vasyl
Published: February 2021

The article deals with clarifying the concept, nature, departmental control and procedural guidance of pre-trial investigation in minimal offenses. The authorizations of the head of the pre-trial investigation body and the constitutional function of the procedural head (prosecutor) in organizing and managing the pre-trial investigation have been studied. The author has concluded that the prosecutor's powers are to prevent, detect and correct violations. Ways to prevent violations are: 1) consenting to the investigator's submission to the court about the conduct of individual investigative actions and the application of coercive measures; 2) authorizing individual investigative actions; 3) extension of the investigation period; 4) giving consent to the referral of the case to court; 5) approval or refusal to approve indictments. The methods of detecting violations are the right of the prosecutor: 1) to request criminal cases, documents, materials and other information about the crimes committed and the course of the pre-trial investigation to be checked; 2) participate in the investigation, in the conduct of individual investigative actions; 3) review complaints against actions and decisions of bodies and officials conducting investiga-tions; 4) to instruct the head of the investigation body to carry out inspections of the activities of subordi-nates. And the ways of correcting the detected violations are: 1) abolition of illegal and unjustified de-cisions of the investigation bodies; 2) transferring the case from one investigator to another; 3) transferring the case from one investigative body to another; 4) removal of the investigator from the investigation; 5) the release of anyone illegally detained; 6) change of preventive measure; 7) closure of criminal proceedings; 8) initiation of disciplinary proceedings against the investigator and the like.
Problematics of regulatory definition of categories of persons and relevant services for medical support of police
Authors: Andrush Liliya
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the legal framework for the health care of police officers and their families. Three main models of providing police officers with health services (health insurance, budgetary, mixed) are outlined, and it is noted that Ukraine finances departmental health care institutions at the expense of budgetary funds and provides basic services that are free of charge. It is emphasized that the fundamental rules governing the relevant issues are contained in the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”. Article 95 of this Law is analyzed, according to it the main categories of persons who are entitled to free medical care in the health care institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (police officers, their families - children 18 or 23 years of age in the study in higher education institutions, husband or wife) main forms, family members of the dead or missing police officers, police officers with disabilities in service). It is stated that such services are eligible for some categories of former police officers and their families. It is also about the legal provision of rehabilitation, sanitary and health resorts, wellness as well as recreation measures in departmental medical rehabilitation centers, sanatoriums, rest homes, boarding houses and health institutions of different categories of police officers, their families. Various instructions and regulations are being analyzed to clarify the categories of persons applying for medical care, rehabilitation and recreation in departmental health care facilities, conditions for free rest, etc. The study also reveals a list of institutions that are part of the departmental health care system.
Situation of crime as an element of forensic description of pimping committed by organized group
Authors: Buzhdyhanchuk Yevdokiya
Published: February 2021

The article deals with some aspects of the pimping investigation by an organized group. The crime situation as the element of the criminalistic characteristic of this offence is examined, and its relation with other elements is examined too. The author emphasizes that the crime scene is a broad concept that includes a number of elements that characterize the environment in which a socially dangerous act is committed. They must always identify the time, place and conditions of the crime that are relevant to his full investigation. The crime scene should be investigated from different directions. In particular, on the one hand, as the geographical spread of the investigated criminal offense, on the other - the specific place of its commission. The location of the pimping is part of the event. It contains a large amount of information about the mode of commission of a criminal offense, certain data about the identity of the offender. On the basis of the investigation of materials of criminal proceedings the author has identified the following places of committing pimping by an organized group: 1) recreation establishments (of which: night clubs, cafes, bars, restaurants); 2) weekend or vacation establishments (of which: recreation centers, hotels, "rental" apartments); 3) facilities for sports and wellness (of which: spas, massage rooms, wellness centers); 4) the place of residence of the "client" (of which: apartments, houses, holiday cooperatives); 5) vehicles; 6) other places. It has been noted that the frequency of pimping by an organized group depends on the time of day as follows: about 7% are done in the morning (from 6 to 12 hours); 14% - in the afternoon (from 12 to 18 hours); 42% - in the evening (from 18 to 24 hours); 37% - at night (1 to 6 hours). And according to the criterion of the season, these actions are performed in the summer in 22% of cases; in the fall - 25%; in winter - 21%; in the spring - 32%. Also important are the conditions of the criminal offense under inves-tigation.
Legal nature and features of retirement legal relations of Ukraine in terms of reforming
Authors: Mozhechuk Lyusya
Published: February 2021

The article deals with study of the legal nature and specifics of pension legal relations in Ukraine in the context of pension reform. In the scientific article the definition of such concepts as «pension insurance», «pension» and «pension legal relations» is formed. The main features of pension legal relations are highlighted, in particular, the attention is paid to their redistributive and social-alimentary nature. The specific features of the subjects and the object of the pension legal relationship are disclosed. In particular, the legal status of general and special pension legal entities is provided. The features of the pension that distinguish it from other payments of a social nature are identified. The scientific article describes the relation between the concepts of «pension legal relations» and «legal relations in the field of pension provision». The attention is focused on the directions of reforming the sphere of pension provision of Ukraine and the measures taken at the first stage of reforming. The definition of pension provision of Ukraine is given. This is the kind of material security provided for by the legislation, granted that there are grounds specified by the current legislation of Ukraine. The organization-legal form of pension provision is a pension legal relationship that enables it not only to exist, but to function as a whole. By their legal nature, retirement relationships are complex and characterized by the presence of certain features, including a special subject and an object. Pension law relations have undergone significant changes today due to the first stage of Ukraine's pension reform.
. Essence of forensic description of citizens’ luggage thefts committed at the airport
Authors: Senko Anastasiya
Published: February 2021

. The article deals with some aspects of investigating theft of citizens' luggage at the airport. The features of forensic characteristics for faster investigation of the investigated category of criminal offenses are considered. The author emphasizes that the creation of a stable system is a prerequisite for the effectiveness of any activity. The process of pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses is not an exception. An important element of the methodology of investigation of a particular criminal offense is its forensic characteristics. This element allows law enforcement officials to build versions and determine the direction of criminal proceedings at its initial stage. At the same time, when investigating theft of citizens' luggage at the airport, the initial stage is in many cases crucial. It provides an opportunity to gather sufficient evidence that will be lost over time without being able to recover it. Therefore, the issue of research and development of the cur-rent forensic characteristics of the offense is important for the investigation as a whole. It is also noted that the forensic characteristics of the citizens' luggage theft committed at the airport is a system of generalized evidence of the studied materials of the forensic practice, which reflect the connection and correlation of individual forensically significant elements that can be used in the pre-trial investigation of a specific criminal offense. The system of the designated category consists of the following elements: method of preparation, commission and concealment of a criminal offense; the subject of the assault; the situation of committing a criminal offense; a trace picture; the person of the offender; the identity of the victim.
Diocletian and the Third Republic
Authors: Khalapsis Oleksiy
Published: February 2021

In 212 AD, Emperor Caracalla issued an edict granting Roman citizenship to the entire free population of the Roman Empire. The non-indigenous the Romans edict opened the way to the army, which allowed an increase in number of legions, but made them less loyal. All this contributed to revision of Augustus’ model and formation of a new political reality, which was called by historians the name “dominate”, the first version of which was Diocletian’s tetrarchy. For the tetrarchy system to work effectively, too many conditions were necessary, and the Romans were no longer ready for such a great responsibility. In addition, Diocletian’s model, solving some problems, created others, causing confusion and starting the process of the gradual division of the empire into the Eastern and the Western parts. If the principate system can be called as “The Second Republic”, then the system following it, under which “masters” began to govern free citizens, it would be logical to call “The Third Republic”. The Emperor is one of the titles of the republican ruler of Rome, along with the titles “Augustus”, “Caesar”, “princeps senatus”, “pontifex maximus”, etc. The legal and factual significance of each of these titles has undergone evolution, but the Romans themselves would never have agreed that a monarchy had been established in their empire; they quite sincerely considered their state to be a republic. This republic was led by a person who has a whole set of temporary and lifelong titles, including the title of emperor, which complemented other the highest ranking magistrates. At the same time, there was a transition from representations of power as a civil (and, as a result, military and religious) to power as a military (and only then – civil and religious) function. If the princeps themselves could not have been military leaders, then for the dominus it became a necessity, the logical expression of which was the institution of tetrarchy.
Role of the European Court of Human Rights in realization of social security right
Authors: Mozhechuk Lyusya , Samotuha Andriy
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the role of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in protecting the right to social security. There is the analysis of the case law of the ECtHR on the violation of the right to social security, namely the right to receive a pension, which the ECtHR classifies as property rights. The authors have outlined the ways to improve the practice of the ECtHR in this area in modern national and world socio-economic conditions. According to available estimates, around 50 per cent of the global population has access to some form of social security, while only 20 per cent enjoy adequate social security coverage. Ensuring an ap-propriate mechanism for the protection of human and civil rights is a priority for every country. However, according to case law, the number of complaints of violations or non-recognition of their rights is growing every year. An important role in the protection of human rights in today's conditions is played by an international judicial body - the European Court of Human Rights. In Ukraine, where socio-economic rights are recognized at the constitutional level, their guarantee content in the current laws is still not clearly defined, and therefore, as evidenced by the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, legal mechanisms their protection, in particular the means of judicial control remain ineffective. The right to social security is the right to access and retention of benefits, both in cash and in kind, without discrimination in order to protect, in particular, against (a) lack of income from work caused by illness, disability, maternity, occupational injuries , unemployment, old age or death of a family member; (b) inaccessible access to medical care; (c) insufficient family support, especially for children and adult dependents. It is well known that the European Convention does not contain many socio-economic rights as such (with a few exceptions - protection of property and the right to education). Thus , the former president of the ECtHR Jean-Paul Costa specifically pointed to another important European human rights treaty – the European Social Charter. Human rights are a universal value, and their protection is the task of every state. The European Court of Human Rights plays an important role in protecting human rights in modern conditions. The functioning of such an international judicial institution can not only solve a problem of protection of violated rights, but also affect the development of the judicial system of each state. The main principle of realization and judicial protection of social rights is non-discrimination on the grounds of sex, age, race, national and social origin of the individual, and the role of auxiliary institutions of the Council of Europe in generalizing and improving the ECtHR’s activity has been emphasized.
Analisis Kesiapan Belajar Anak di TK Islami An-Nur Bastari Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru Selama Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Fadhillah Ummi , Novianti Ria , Solfiah Yeni , Puspitasari Enda
Published: February 2021

Kesiapan belajar anak adanya pemberlakuan sistem pembelajaran daring sangatlah penting karena adanya perubahan yang sangat spontan terjadi dari sistem luring menjadi daring. Kesiapan belajar anak usia dini yang kurang akan mempengaruhi proses interaksi dan kegiatan belajar. Sehingga, semakin siap anak dalam belajar akan semakin baik proses pembelajaran yang berlangsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapan belajar belajar anak TK Islam An-Nur Bastari Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru selama pembelajaran daring. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan di TK Islam An-Nur Bastari Pekanbaru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 orang tua anak TK Islam An-Nur Bastari Pekanbaru dengan teknik pengambilan sampel sensus sehingga semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner kesiapan belajar anak dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan belajar anak selama pembelajaran daring di TK Islam An-Nur Bastari Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru sebanyak 45% berada pada kategori “sedang”. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kepada orang tua untuk meningkatkan perhatian dan  pengawasan serta pendampingan dalam kebutuhan anak khususnya dalam proses belajar mengajar, baik saat pembelajaran daring maupun tidak.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Sekolah Kejuruan dengan Menggunakan Metode Waterfall (Studi Kasus SMK PGRI 1 Kota Serang-Banten)
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto
Published: February 2021

Pengembangan sistem informasi ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan suatu sistem layanan informasi di SMK PGRI 1 Kota Serang sebagai sistem dan sumber informasi yang layak. Teknologi informasi digunakan sebagai sarana, baik kegiatan non akademis maupun akademis. Pemanfaatan internet untuk penyampaian informasi belum di terapkan di SMK PGR1 Kota Serang. Sistem informasi sekolah berbasis website merupakan solusi dan objek dari penelitian ini.Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research and Deveopment (R&D) dengan  model pengembangannya waterfall yang terdiri dari 4 (empat) tahap yaitu Analisis, Desain, Pengodean dan Pengujian. Model pengembangan menggunakan waterfall atau juga disebut (air terjun) ini sering juga disebut model sekuensial linier (sequential linear) atau disebut juga alur hidup klasik (classic life cycle). Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara dengan wakil bidang kurikulum SMK PGRI 1 Kota Serang, observasi, uji coba ke 30 responden serta 2 orang ahli media. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah nilai skor rata-rata validasi ahli media yang didapatkan sebesar 72,5 dengan kategori sangat layak. Adapun  hasil dari pengguna didapatkan skor nilai sebesar 71,96 dengan kategori sangat layak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa perancangan sistem informasi sekolah kejuruan dapat dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan, dengan model waterfall dengan tahapan-tahapan penelitian diantaranya yaitu analisis, desain, pemrograman dan pengujian. Proses pembuatan sistem informasi sekolah diantaranya membuat flowchart dan storyboard, menetapkan dan menyusun konten, merancang proses alur sistem informasi sekolah berdasarkan dengan susunan konten yang sudah dibuat dengan bantuan aplikasi sublime text editor.