bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dermal Exposure Risk Management and Logic eTookit: Characterizing and managing dermal exposure during emergency management operations
Authors: Hudson, DrPH Naomi L. , Dotson, PhD G. Scott , Maier, PhD A.
Published: August 2018

Objective: Emergency management and operations (EMO) personnel require up-to-date information to make informed decisions during natural and manmade disasters. However, information gaps present challenges for accessing human health risk assessment and risk management strategies for dermal exposure. This article describes the development of a decision support system, the Dermal Exposure Risk Management and Logic (DERMaL) eToolkit. Design: The DERMaL eToolkit provides information on key resources used in emergency incidents. Resources were classified according to response phase, resource categories, and information category and evaluated on reliability, accessibility, and preference by subject matter experts in emergency management fields. These rankings were used to generate a value of information score, unique for each resource, which aids in developing reference lists for users during each incident phase.Results: This tool will identify and prioritize information resources on dermal risks, and can readily find the most relevant information to suit EMO needs.Conclusion: The DERMaL eToolkit can be used as an aid in finding information resources targeted to scenario-driven needs by providing well-vetted and prioritized resources related to dermal hazards, exposure, and risk assessments for EMO.
Potential contaminants in rainwater after a bushfire
Authors: Ross, PhD Kirstin E. , Whiley, PhD Harriet , Chubaka, MEnvSci, PhD Candidate Emmanuel , Steenkamp, PhD Malinda , Arbon, PhD Paul
Published: August 2018

Using roof harvested rainwater held in domestic rainwater tanks is a common practice in Australia, particularly in rural areas. This rainwater might become contaminated with ash and other contaminants during or after a bushfire. Current advice from Australian Health Departments can include the recommendation that landholders drain their tanks after a bushfire, which can cause additional distress to landholders who have already been through a traumatic event. This study created artificially contaminated water, spiked with chemicals likely to be associated with bushfires, including chromated copper arsenate-treated timber ash and firefighting foam to determine the possibility of contamination. The authors also tested two readily available filter systems and found that they removed some but not all contaminants. The artificially created contaminated water fell within guidelines for nonpotable uses such as irrigation and stock watering. This suggests that advice to landholders should be that tank water following a bushfire is likely to be safe for use for purposes apart from drinking. Landholders should be encouraged to retain and use their water for recovery purposes, but not for potable use.
Emergency preparedness collaboration on Twitter
Authors: Bennett, PhD DeeDee
Published: August 2018

Agency collaboration is an important function in the management of disasters and catastrophes. For effective emergency management, the need for intergovernmental collaboration grows as the scale of the disaster increases. Several researchers have examined the use of social media by emergency management (and other governmental agencies) during large-scale disasters; however, few have examined the use of social media for intergovernmental collaboration. This study explores the use of social media platforms as a means to establish and maintain intergovernmental collaboration for emergency management-related agencies. More salient is the focus on social media during the preparedness and planning stages of emergency management. Using qualitative observational and coding analysis, this study identifies the types of connections made by topic, level of governance, and established affiliation in the local emergency operations plan (LEOP). The findings show that more than 50 percent of the connections made were established on Twitter and not present in the current LEOP. Furthermore, the most popular topic to initiate online connections was related to public education information. The findings from this study can assist emergency management practitioners in developing social media strategies, which incorporate methods to connect with other agencies on Twitter.
Volume 16, Number 3 complete issue
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: August 2018

May/June 2018
International Conference on Opioids, June 10-12, 2018 - Photos
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: August 2018

The 2018 International Conference on Opioids (ICOO2018) was held in Boston, June 10-12, 2018, at the Joseph B. Martin Conference Center at Harvard Medical School. Attendees from around the world participated in this two plus day conference that featured renowned speakers from many countries presenting the latest research, ethics, legal and clinical applications of opioids.
International Conference on Opioids, June 10-12, 2018 - Posters
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: August 2018

The 2018 International Conference on Opioids (ICOO2018) was held in Boston, June 10-12, 2018, at the Joseph B. Martin Conference Center at Harvard Medical School. Attendees from around the world participated in this two plus day conference that featured renowned speakers from many countries presenting the latest research, ethics, legal and clinical applications of opioids.
Associations between pain coping and opioid use: One-month follow-up results of a prospective study in a cohort of traumatic injury patients
Authors: Smith, BS Jordan C. , Nicholas, PhD Christopher R. , Hetzel, MS Scott J. , Deyo, MPH Bri M. , Brown, MD, PhD Randall T.
Published: August 2018

Objective: To examine associations between Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) scores and daily opioid dosage in traumatic injury patients.Design: This was a prospective cohort study with patient assessments at baseline and 1-month following discharge.Setting: Study visits were conducted at a Regional Level I Trauma Center and by phone at follow-up.Patients: Forty-nine injured inpatients completed baseline PCS. A subsample of 23 patients continued to take prescribed opioid medication at 1-month postdischarge and were included in the current analyses.Main Outcome measured: Associations between baseline PCS and morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) at 1-month follow-up.Results: Controlling for baseline MEDD, baseline PCS score was positively associated with MEDD at 1-month postdischarge (β = 0.577 [0.399, 1.535]; p = 0.002; R2 of PCS = 0.395).Conclusions: In the current sample of traumatic injury inpatients, findings indicated that a baseline measure of pain catastrophizing predicts ongoing opioid medication use and dosage at 1-month postdischarge from an inpatient trauma unit.
Daily opioid analgesic use reduces blood insulin levels
Authors: Mueller, MS Christina , Chu, MD Larry F. , Lin, PhD Joanne C. , Ovalle, MD Fernando , Younger, PhD Jarred W.
Published: August 2018

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Opioid use disorder and homelessness in the Veterans Health Administration: The challenge of multimorbidity
Authors: Iheanacho, MD Theddeus , Stefanovics, PhD Elina , Rosenheck, MD Robert
Published: August 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates of opioid use disorder (OUD), a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, among homeless veterans nationally in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).Design: Administrative data on 256,404 veterans who were homeless and/or had OUD in fiscal year 2012 were analyzed to evaluate OUD as a risk factor for homelessness along with associated characteristics, comorbidities, and patterns of service use. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to compare homeless veterans with OUD to veterans with OUD but no homelessness and homeless veterans with no OUD.Results: Altogether 17.9 percent of homeless VHA users were diagnosed with OUD and 34.6 percent of veterans with OUD were homeless. The risk ratio (RR) for homelessness among veterans with OUD was 28.7. Homeless veterans with OUD, compared to nonhomeless veterans with OUD showed extensive multimorbidity with greater risk for HIV (RR = 1.57), schizophrenia (RR = 1.62), alcohol use disorder (RR = 1.67), and others. Homeless veterans with OUD also showed more multimorbidity and used more services than homeless veterans without OUD. Homeless and nonhomeless OUD veterans used opiate agonist therapy at similar, but very low rates (13 and 15 percent).Conclusions: OUD is a major risk factor for homelessness. Homeless veterans with OUD have high levels of multimorbidity and greater service use than veterans with either condition alone. Tailored, facilitated access to opioid agonist therapy may improve outcomes for these vulnerable veterans.
A qualitative study to develop materials educating patients about opioid use before and after total hip or total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Smith, PhD, RPh David H. , Kuntz, PhD Jennifer , DeBar, PhD Lynn , Mesa Jill , Yang, MS Xiuhai , Boardman, MD David , Schneider, MPH Jennifer
Published: August 2018

Objective: The authors undertook a qualitative study with open-ended, structured interviews to understand patient's educational needs for patients undergoing total hip and total knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA).Design: Provider interviews explored their approach with THA/TKA patients on: pain management; barriers to opioid tapering; and recommendations/changes on educational materials to support pain management and opioid reduction. Patient interviews explored their experience, understanding, beliefs surrounding opioids, and recommendations on important content. A qualitative methodologist conducted interviews and content analysis to identify key themes.Setting: Kaiser Permanente Northwest, community setting.Patients, Participants: A purposeful sampling method identified interviewees (surgeons, advice nurses, physical therapists, physician assistants, and patients). Patients were recent THA/TKA cases in the top third of opioid use after surgery.Interventions: N/A.Main Outcome Measure(s): Qualitative study.Results: Recommendations for patient educational content included: (1) clear descriptions of how opioids work in the body, how to taper, nonopioid pain management options, and problems from overuse; (2) messaging on how long to expect to use opioids and type of pain to expect; (3) visual timeline to illustrate opioid tapering and exercise expectations; (4) emphasize that pain management is multimodal, and stress the balance between opioids for recovery versus overuse; (5) provide educational messaging multiple times prior to and after surgery. Conclusions: Patients and providers agreed that clearly stated verbal and written messaging is needed beyond what has typically been done regarding opioid expectations.
Opioid use in the acute setting: A survey of providers at an academic medical center
Authors: Oyler, PharmD Douglas R. , Deep, MD Kristy S. , Chang, MD Phillip K.
Published: August 2018

Objective: To examine attitudes, beliefs, and influencing factors of inpatient healthcare providers regarding prescription of opioid analgesics.Design: Electronic cross-sectional survey.Setting: Academic medical center.Participants: Physicians, advanced practice providers, and pharmacists from a single academic medical center in the southeast United States.Main Outcome Measures: Respondents completed survey items addressing: (1) their practice demographics, (2) their opinions regarding overall use, safety, and efficacy of opioids compared to other analgesics, (3) specific clinical scenarios, (4) main pressures to prescribe opioids, and (5) confidence/comfort prescribing opioids or nonopioids in select situations.Results: The majority of the sample (n = 363) were physicians (60.4 percent), with 69.4 percent of physicians being attendings. Most respondents believed that opioids were overused at our institution (61.7 percent); nearly half thought opioids had similar efficacy to other analgesics (44.1 percent), and almost all believed opioids were more dangerous than other analgesics (88.1 percent). Many respondents indicated that they would modify a chronic regimen for a high-risk patient, and use of nonopioids in specific scenarios was high. However, this use was often in combination with opioids. Respondents identified patients (64 percent) and staff (43.1 percent) as the most significant sources of pressure to prescribe opioids during an admission; the most common sources of pressure to prescribe opioidson discharge were to facilitate discharge (44.8 percent) and to reduce follow-up requests, calls, or visits (36.3 percent). Resident physicians appear to experience more pressure to prescribe opioids than other providers. Managing pain in patients with substance use disorders and effectively using nonopioid analgesics were the most common educational needs identified by respondents.Conclusion: Most individuals believe opioid analgesics are overused in our specific setting, commonly to satisfy patient requests. In general, providers feel uncomfortable prescribing nonopioid analgesics to patients.
Efficacy and safety of naloxegol for opioid-induced constipation assessed by specific opioid medication, opioid dose, and duration of opioid use
Authors: Nalamachu, MD Srinivas , Gudin, MD Jeffrey , Datto, MD, MS Catherine , Coyne, PhD, MPH Karin , Poon, PhD Jiat-Ling , Hu, MD, PhD Yiqun
Published: August 2018

Objective: Efficacy and safety of naloxegol, a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist that significantly reduces opioid-induced constipation (OIC), were assessed for patient subgroups defined post hoc by baseline maintenance opioid characteristics.Design: Post hoc, pooled analysis of data from two 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies.Setting: Two hundred fifty-seven outpatient centers in the United States and Europe.Patients: Patients with noncancer pain and OIC.Interventions: Naloxegol (12.5 or 25 mg daily) or placebo.Main Outcomes Measures: The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients meeting response criteria at 12 weeks: at least three spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs)/wk and an increase from baseline of at least one SBM for ≥9 of 12 weeks and ≥3 of the last 4 weeks. No adjustments were made for multiplicity; all p values are descriptive.Results: This analysis included 1,337 patients. Increases in the proportion of patients who achieved response at 12 weeks were observed with naloxegol 25 mg versus placebo in patients taking maintenance oxycodone, hydrocodone, morphine, or fentanyl (p ≤ 0.038); patients taking either ≥120 or <120 morphine-equivalent units at baseline (p ≤ 0.032); and patients treated with their current opioid for >6 months (p ≤ 0.035). Efficacy results were less robust with naloxegol 12.5 mg versus placebo. Adverse event incidences were generally comparable across treatment groups, regardless of opioid dose or duration of therapy but were numerically higher with some specific baseline opioids.Conclusion: In this post hoc, exploratory analysis, naloxegol 25 mg showed similar efficacy in treating OIC regardless of maintenance opioid type, dose, or duration of opioid use at baseline.
Volume 14, Number 3 May/June 2018
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: August 2018

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History of Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz and Pav.) Standl.; Growth and Use in the Andes
Authors: Van Zant Miriam Kritzer
Published: August 2018

Several documents concerning the history and growth of Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz and Pav.) Standl. (Nyctaginaceae), were found to be available by 2012 on international library and agency websites from South America. These documents, written in Spanish, had previously been difficult for this author to find in North America. Information in these documents and from additional papers and reports referenced in them, made it possible to summarize here what had been known historically about M. expansa. Modern research in Andean universities and agencies, completed but not seen by us prior to doing our research on M. expansa in southern Illinois, is included in the summary. Several points are covered in this material, including ideas on the origin of the crop, a list of indigenous names for the crop, and general descriptions of the appearance of several unnamed crop morphotypes grown in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia. This information is considered relative to the appearance of and growth data from two crop morphotypes grown in southern Illinois. Additionally, there is information from the South American documents on ecological considerations for M. expansa in Latin America, germplasm information, how the crop has been grown traditionally, preparation of roots and stems for consumption including reduction of astringency and use in traditional dishes and for animal feed, and use of the leaves for fodder. Brief consideration is given here to invasive and rare Mirabilis spp. and how this relates to introduction of M. expansa into new locations, along with information on disease and pests known for the crop. Discussion includes our considerations for conservation of the crop, and comparison of Andean crop yields with published yield data for comparable crops grown in the United States.
Review of the Economic and Ethnobotany of the Family Nyctaginaceae
Authors: Van Zant Miriam Kritzer
Published: August 2018

In the course of work on the taxonomy and agronomy of Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz and Pav.) Standl. (Nyctaginaceae), it became clear that there is no thorough published review of the medicinal and other useful aspects of the family. This work illustrates the history and potential for use for Nyctaginaceae at the generic level world-wide. Several genera in this family have well documented potential as sources of medication, food, dye, lumber and adhesives. Abronia, Boerhavia, and Mirabilis are reported most often for positive laboratory assay results. Pisonia and Neea have both been used as sources of lumber in the tropics. In addition, Bougainvillea and Mirabilis have been utilized for floriculture. Included, is an updated analysis of the historical confusion between medicinal Mirabilis jalapa L. and medicinal Jalap in the Convolvulaceae, and the disagreements over taxonomic names in both families which have contributed to this error and detracted from its resolution. Known invasive issues for some Nyctaginaceae species are discussed, having economic impact on agriculture. A recommendation is made that highly variant expression in Nyctaginaceae taxa makes them strong candidates for investigation of polyploidy and epigenetic patterns, important for better understanding evolution and development in plants.
Influence of Drought Stress on Several Root Traits and their Correlation with Seed Protein and Oil Contents in Soybean
Authors: Zenis Ambrocio , Kantartzi Stella , Meksem Khalid , Kassem My Abdelmajid
Published: August 2018

The important crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is cultivated worldwide and the US is its number one exporter. However, farmers face many challenges in cultivating soybeans, including drought and diseases that reduce yields drastically. The root system is very important for plants, including crops, because it receives water and minerals from the soil so that the plant/crop can photosynthesize, grow, and increase its yield. The objective of this study was to grow the ‘MD 96-5722’ by ‘Spencer’ recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n=86) in the greenhouse under normal (Group I) and drought stress (Group II) conditions, and compare the root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), average root diameter (ARD), and average root volume (ARV) in the two groups of plants. WhinRhizo software was used to measure the root traits and SPSSTM was used to evaluate population performance under normal and drought conditions. JMPTM was used to compare the root traits under normal and drought conditions, and to analyze the correlation between root traits, protein and oil contents. The results showed that there is a huge variation in these traits among the parents ‘MD 96-5722’ and ‘Spencer’, and among their RILs. For Group I plants, the RL of parents and RILs ranged from 20.67 cm to 2,327.88 cm; the RSA ranged from 4.57 cm2 to 1,176.79 cm2; the ARD ranged from 0.38 mm to 4.04 mm; and the ARV ranged from 0.08 cm3 to 47.34 cm3. For Group II plants, the RL of parents and RILs ranged from 15.70 cm to 3,562.42 cm; the RSA ranged from 4.15 cm2 to 829.72 cm2; the ARD ranged from 0.24 mm to 5.74 mm; and the ARV ranged from 0.03 cm3 to 23.67 cm3. It is clear from the results that Group I plants have higher means of RL [572.58 cm vs. 537.33 cm], RSA [201.20 cm2 vs. 165.50 cm2], ARD [3.96 mm vs. 1.45 mm], and ARV [6.31 cm3 vs. 5.61 cm3] compared to Group II plants which demonstrates that drought-stressed plants have reduced overall plant growth and development. However, statistically, these differences were not significant; therefore, further studies with several replicates should be conducted both in the greenhouse and the field in order to determine the effects of drought stress on the ‘MD 96-5722’ by ‘Spencer’ RILs. Moreover, studies of quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of the root traits studied here are underway to genetically map QTL for these root traits in this soybean RIL population.
Nodulation and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in the Biofuel Legume Tree Pongamia pinnata
Authors: Nemenzo-Calica Phoebe , Indrasumunar Arief , Scott Paul , Dart Peter , Gresshoff Peter M.
Published: August 2018

The legume tree Pongamia pinnata (also called Millettia pinnata) is a non-food crop that can grow on marginal land not destined for the cultivation of food crops. It is an important candidate for the production of biofuel (bio-oil, biodiesel and aviation biofuel) from its oil-rich seeds. An important trait is its ability to grow in marginal, nitrogen-limited soils. This growth ability is attributed to the nitrogen-fixation activity of root nodules. Cutting both cotyledons in halves had little effect on shoot dry weight, nodule number and weight per plant at 8 weeks. These parameters were reduced when both cotyledons were removed; plants were visibly yellow. Surprisingly when no nutrients were supplied and with both cotyledons intact, plants grew as well as those with nutrients. To isolate rhizobial inoculants from soil, samples were collected from Meandu Mine, a coal-mining site near Kingaroy, Queensland (Australia), where pongamia is currently grown to rehabilitate the soil. Pongamia nodules were also collected from Mt. Coot-tha Botanic Gardens (Brisbane), where pongamia was introduced decades ago. Established ‘Baiting technique’ and ‘One-drop-one-nodule technique’ were applied to isolate potential rhizobia from the soil samples and nodules. All isolates were screened and characterised for symbiotic effectiveness and nitrogenase activity. A total of 21 putative rhizobial samples were isolated – five from soil samples and 16 from pongamia nodules. Out of these iso lates, seven were slow-growers while 14 were fast-growers. These isolates were coded as PR-UQ. Among the isolates, the fast-growers PR-UQ-03 and PR-UQ-05 were considered as the superior strains compared to the slow-growers PR-UQ-01 and PR-UQ-04, which were more effective than the rest of the isolates. The new isolates enhanced nodule number, shoot length and total plant dry weight and resulted in better plant growth than the available Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains CB1809, USDA110 and CB564. Acetylene reduction assay (short term) and Nitrogen Difference Analysis (long term) further confirmed that pongamia fixed more nitrogen upon inoculation with these rhizobia. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, PR-UQ-01 and PR-UQ-04 are closely related to Bradyrhizobium elkanii and Bradyrhizobium pachyrizi, while PR-UQ-03 and PR-UQ-05 are both related to Rhizobium mesoamericanum. Cotyledons supply the seedling with nutrients for a considerable period of early seedling growth. The newly isolated, fast-growing rhizobia PR-UQ-03 and PR-UQ-05 and the slow-growing PR-UQ-01 and PR-UQ-04 are related to Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species and aid in the nodulation, nitrogen fixation and seedling/sapling growth of Pongamia pinnata.
A Rapid Method for Cannabis Species Determination by DNA Sequencing
Authors: Lightfoot David A. , Throgmorton Winston C. , Johnson Colton
Published: August 2018

Determination of species within the genus Cannabis has important legal medical and social implications. Recent genome sequencing has shown that the genomes of C. sativa (recreational marijuana and hemp), C. indica (medical marijuana) and C. ruderalis (feral marijuana) can all be distinguished. However, hybridization among the species has occurred with widely varying outcomes in the percent of genome transmitted. The aim here was to determine if a simple assay based on the DNA sequence of ITS2 could be used to distinguish among species. Using sequences at GenBank as a reference eighteen plant samples were sequenced and shown to be identical to C. indica sequence and different from C. sativa and C. ruderalis at 4 positions within the 25S rRNA gene. This result and the geographic separation of the centers of genetic diversity argues strongly for polytypic origins of the 3 species. Analysis of interspecific hybrids sequences at GenBank suggested only the C. indica allele is transmitted preferentially. Finally, a SNP within the ITS could be used to distinguish two types within the eighteen plants. Therefore this simple genetic test can be used for rapid plant identification and to assist in strain identification.
A Constructional Study of Chinese Fictive Motion Expressions
Authors: Chen Shujun , Wei Zaijiang
Published: August 2018

Fictive motion is a linguistic phenomenon that depicts stationary entities with a sense of motion. It is popularly encountered in world languages. This study explores the network and semantics of the Chinese fictive motion construction within the framework of Cognitive Construction Grammar (CCxG). It is found that Chinese fictive motion constructions can be divided into four types, which fall on a spectrum from lower to higher level of subjectivity and abstraction, and can be related to distinct experiential motivations. In addition, the constructional approach provides us with a novel perspective to figure out the meaning construction, in which the whole is greater than the sum of parts. The comparison reveals that Chinese and English fictive motion, though having similarities due to the universality of bodies and environments, still have specificities which are rooted in different thinking patterns. Chinese underline synthetic and figurative thinking, while English speakers advocate analytic and abstract thinking. This study enriches the research into motion events by applying CCxG and contributes to linguistic typology with its comparison of Chinese and English.
A Descriptive Study of Tamil Language and Social Identity Among English-Tamils in Malaysia
Authors: Muthusamy Paramasivam , Farashaiyan Atieh
Published: August 2018

This research describes the status of the Tamil language in Malaysia. More specifically, it describes the reasons of Tamil Language decline in the Malaysian context. It is noted that the Tamil language is considered as an authorized language in the country, nonetheless it has shown indications of failure in latest years compared to three other widely spoken languages. The most important reason for the decline is its squat socio-economic rank in comparison with other three languages since the Tamil language is tranquil connected by scarcity and shortage of societal and dogmatic impacts. Additional reasons include language faithfulness and language approach, language and identity, ethnicity and diglossia. A prescriptive, language-based approach rules in the schools also causing the Tamil language progressively a ‘classroom language’ that has slight possibility of being used for daily interactions. The research maintains that it is needed to augment the utilization of the language amongst Tamil folk who are also Malaysian. In order to attain the end, it is vital to force people to utilize the language in the house, therefore filling the break amid the official and informal diversities of the language.
Usefulness of Culturing the Periprosthetic Membrane or Neosynovium for the Diagnosis of Infection During Hip and Knee Revision Arthroplasty
Authors: Muñoz-Mahamud Ernesto , Molinas Ignacio , Lozano Luis , Bosch Jordi , Morata Laura , Combalia Andrés , Soriano Álex , Bori Guillem
Published: August 2018

Introduction:

Identification of microorganisms is critical for correct management of an infected arthroplasty. Our hypothesis is that the culture yield depends on the location around the prosthesis from which samples are obtained.

Methods:

This prospective study included 298 revisions of the hip (123) and knee (175). We compared the yield of the intraoperative samples obtained, which included synovial fluid (two), neosynovium (two), and periprosthetic membrane (two).

Results:

Cultures were positive in 28 cases, in which 15 had the same diagnosis considering either the neosynovium or the membrane, and there were 3 cases in which the infection could have been diagnosed only by considering the combination of both. In all, there were 8 cases in which the infection might have been misdiagnosed unless considering a combination of both solid tissue samples (P = 0.004).

Conclusions:

The yields of the periprosthetic membrane and neosynovium do not differ significantly, and we recommend considering a combination of both.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level II
Exploration of Motives and Barriers on Indonesian Organic Products Consumption
Authors: Wijaya Tony , Purwoko Purwoko
Published: August 2018

This study aims to explore consumer motives and barriers related to the consumption of organic products. The research was conducted using survey method. Respondents in this study are fixed consumers of organic products incorporated as members of the Indonesian Organic Community. Data is collected incrementally. Initial data were collected through an open survey, then Focus Group Discussion was conducted to classify the stimulus from consumers. The next data is collected in a closed and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and descriptive. Based on the analysis indicates that the motives of consumers to consume organic based on the benefits of organic products is health, safety, naturalness, and the importance of maintaining environmental balance. External factors that determine the choice in the consumption of organic products is a life partner, family, friends or colleagues, while those used as a reference purchase is a media of information such as magazines and television in the form of talk shows and nutritionists. It is a barrier to consumption of organic products is the availability of sellers (ease in obtaining products), product prices, consumer income, knowledge and information of authenticity (validity) of organic products.
Impact of Internal Control on Audit Program Effectiveness: The Case of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Que , Tran Manh Dung , Ha Hoang Thi Viet
Published: August 2018

This research is conducted to examine the relationship between components of risk assessment, environmental control and control activities of internal control system and the effectiveness of the audit program in Vietnamese firms. Data were collected by sending questionnaires to management, internal auditors, and accountants of Vietnam firms and feedback of 87 responses. By testing Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Analysis of Variables (ANOVA), the results show that control environment, risk assessment and control activities contribute significantly to an effective audit program. These results indicate that Vietnamese firms lack required experiences to cope with the current instruments of internal control assessment.
Do Hedge Funds Arbitrage on Asset Growth, Earnings Momentum and Equity Financing Anomalies?
Authors: Lawson Daniel T. , Schwartz Robert L.
Published: August 2018

This paper analyzes the risk-adjusted performance of hedge funds and their overall ability to arbitrage on known market anomalies. This is done by testing three anomaly factors capturing total asset growth, equity financing, and earnings momentum in addition to the traditional Fama and French (1993) and Carhart (1997) four-factor model and Fung and Hsieh (2001) risk factors. Our results suggest that the average hedge fund employs a strategy consistent with the total asset growth and earnings momentum anomalies but contradictory to the equity financing anomaly of Hirshleifer and Jiang (2007). Multi-factor alpha generation does seem to persist over longer periods of time which suggests the use of other untested, return-generating arbitrage methods.
National Character and Economic Performance
Authors: Yang Bijou , Lester David
Published: August 2018

The present study explored whether the average scores on a personality test of the residents in 55 nations were associated with the gross domestic product per capita in the year 2000 and the growth in the GDP/capita from 2001-2005. Nations whose residents had higher score on a measure of neuroticism had a higher GDP/capita in 2000, and nations whose residents had higher scores on a measure of agreeableness had lower growth in the GDP/capita from 2001 to 2005. This supports Lynn’s hypothesis that national character might contribute to the prediction of the economic performance of nations.
A Petrov-Galerkin Finite Element Method for Solving the Time-fractional Diffusion Equation with Interface
Authors: Shi Liwei
Published: August 2018

Time-fractional partial differential equation is widely applied in a variety of disciplines, its numerical solution has attracted much attention from researchers in recent years. Time-fractional differential equations with interfaces is a more challenging problem because the governing equation has discontinuous coefficients at interfaces and sometimes singular source term exists. In this paper, we propose a Petrov-Galerkin finite element method for solving the two-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equation with interfaces. In this method, a finite difference scheme is employed in time and a Petrov-Galerkin finite element method is employed in space. Extensive numerical experiments show that for a fractional diffusion equation of order $\alpha$ with interfaces, our method gets to $(2-\alpha)$-order accurate in the $L^2$ and $L^{\infty}$ norm.
Existence and Uniqueness Fourth-order Differential Equations in Banach Space Having Fourier Type
Authors: Rachid Bahloul , Abdelouahed El Maroufi
Published: August 2018

The aim of this work is to study the existence of a periodic solutions of differential equations $\frac{d^{4} }{ dt^{4} }x(t) = Ax(t) + f(t)$. Our approach is based on the  M-boundedness of linear operators, Fourier type, $B^{s}_{p, q}$-multipliers and Besov spaces.
Estimates Related to the Extended Spectral Control of the Wave Equation
Authors: Seck Cheikh , Sène Abdoulaye , Niane Mary
Published: August 2018

In this work, we show through a numerical approach the extended spectral controllability of the wave equation over a portion of a regular domain, and that the spectrum obtained is quasi-symmetrical. Numerical simulations also verify the analytical estimates demonstrated in Niane and al. $[4]$ and the graphic illustrations relating to this spectral controllability were done.
Prosthodontics for the elderly patient – a Scandinavian approach
Authors: Berg Einar , Isidor Flemming Isidor , Öwall Bengt
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the need for replacing missing teeth in the elderly and indicate some of the special treatment dilemmas that may be present in this group. No incontrovertible definition exists as to what constitutes an adequate oral function. However, there seems to be a consensus in the dental literature that acceptable oral function can be obtained by means of «The Shortened Dental Arch Concept», even in severely reduced dentitions as is frequently found in the elderly. Among matters also discussed in this paper are: what is meant by “elderly”, how a patient’s true prosthodontic need is uncovered, possible obstacles to optimal treatment, the use of simplified methods and materials, prosthodontic treatment when oral diseases cannot be completely controlled, repair or renewal of prosthesis, the choice of fixed or removable restoration, implants for the elderly and future perspectives.
Digital impression in patients with limited mouth opening – a new approach for occlusal splint manufacturing
Authors: Munk Jakub , Nitecka-Buchta Aleksandra , Dudkowski Michał , Baron Stefan
Published: August 2018

Limited mouth opening is one of the primary symptoms of masticatory dysfunction. It may be due to muscular pathology or special alterations within the TMJ. If the therapy is not undertaken or abandoned, restricted mandibular movement may persist and the condition will become irreversible. The patient should receive the occlusal splint as soon as mandibular abduction restriction is diagnosed. Taking the impression if the range of opening is between 10-20 cm is not feasible since the impression tray cannot be placed in the patient’s mouth. The application of the TRIOS 3Shape intra-oral scanner enables digital recording of the prosthetic base in the patient’s mouth in the form of a 3-D image. The dimensions of the intra-oral part of the scanner make it possible to scan dental arches even if the range of abduction is very limited. Digital impression can be sent on-line to the dental lab within minutes. With modern CAD/CAM technology, preparation of an occlusal splint takes much shorter than the traditional approach.
Influence of polymerization procedure on marginal leakage of composite resin restorations – an in vitro study
Authors: Żuławnik Anastazja , Zielonka Małgorzata , Obroniecka Karolina , Zasada Dariusz , Mielczarek Agnieszka
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Composite materials are currently most commonly used to reconstruct tooth tissues. During the polymerization, it results in marginal leakage between filling and hard dental tissues. Marginal leakage causes bacterial microleakage which leads to the discoloration of restoration margin and secondary caries. Intensive development of new technologies focus on elaborate processes decreasing the risk of microleakage appearance. Aim. The purpose of this in vitro study was to estimate marginal leakage degree in composite restorations which were polymerized with different kinds of lamps. Material and methods. 35 extracted human permanent molars were used in the study. Calibrated cavities on interproximal surfaces (class 2.2 acc. Mount and Hume classification) were prepared. Teeth were divided into 5 groups. Cavities were filled with composite materialaccording to the manufacturer’s instructionsusing different kinds of polymerizationlamps: halogen (floodlight) lamp, high intensity LED lamp and LED lamp with three working modes. Marginal leakage was evaluated by estimating a dye penetration and SEM images registration. Quantitative analysis of marginal gap was also performed. Results. In samples analysis with optical microscope and stereo microscope the dye penetration and marginal gap was not observed. Only scanning electron microscope with back-scatter detector has revealed the marginal leakage. the largest marginal leakage was observed in case of high intensity led lamp– FlashMax(1.60 μm), and the smallest for LED lamp – pulse and increasing modes(0.96 μm and 0.98 μm, respectively). Marginal leakage was not observed in samples polymerized with continuous mode of LED lamp. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that the increase in light intensity of the polymerization lamp significantly shortens the exposure time, which is clinically advantageous, but excessive light intensity can cause severe systolic tensions leading to a marginal leakage.
Strength tests of fiber-reinforced composite with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
Authors: Brożek Rafał , Kubanek Szymon , Czarnecka Beata , Koczorowski Ryszard , Dorocka-Bobkowska Barbara
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers are inert, thus their adhesion to the organic polymer matrix of the composite material may not be rewarding. Therefore, these types of fibers have not yet come into widespread use in dentistry. Aim of the study. To evaluate selected strength characteristics of the UHMWPE fiber-reinforced composite whose surface was chemically activated and then impregnated with a mixture of dimethacrylate resins and coated with a microhybrid composite material. Material and method. Tests were carried out which allowed to evaluate selected mechanical properties of the material under static stretching and shearing. Results. Based on the experiments the following values were calculated: Young’s elastic modulus Et = 3583.97 ± 1325.75 MPa, tensile stress
σ = 59.73 ± 7.54 MPa, maximum tensile force Fmax = 121.23 ± 17.92 N, linear extension
εt = 0.03 ± 0.003 and tangential stress τt = 4.99 ± 1.19 MPa. The loss of adhesion of the material to the hard tissues of the tooth was typical of the mixed adhesive-cohesive breakthrough. Conclusions. The study revealed high and desired mechanical strength in both the tensile test and in the shear test, which may justify the effective use of this type of fibers in clinical practice. The phenomena of saturation and penetration of the resin into the space between the fiber bundles occurring in the oxidation process did not negatively affect the mechanical properties of the material tested.
Comparison of mechanical properties of different types of gypsum applied in dentistry
Authors: Krasińska-Mazur Magda , Ryniewicz Wojciech , Ryniewicz Joanna , Loster Jolanta E.
Published: August 2018

Regardless of the rapid development of various digital scanning techniques of oral tissues, gypsum remains the most widespread material used in the laboratory execution of almost all prosthetic restorations. The mechanical properties of different types of gypsum are affected by the amount and temperature of the water used to preparing the mass, as well as the method and speed of its mixing. The aim of the study was to compare the mechanical properties of type 2, 3 and 4 gypsum during crushing and breaking tests, depending on the way of preparing the mass. Material and methods. For each test, 60 plaster samples in the shape of a cylinder were prepared in two dimensions: 4x10 mm and 4x20 mm. The material used to make the samples were Stodent II (type 2) and Stodent III (type 3) from Zhermapol and Fuji Rock from GC (type 4). Gypsum was mixed by hand or by vacuum machine. Six groups of samples of 10 were obtained. After 1 week, when the samples were stored at room temperature, they were subjected to crushing and breaking tests on the INSTRON 3345 strength machine. Results. The results of compression tests and three-point fracture were analyzed statistically using the Statistica 13.1 software (StatSoft). The greatest strength both crushing and breaking showed samples of type 4 gypsum, the smallest - type 2 plaster cast. Significantly lower standard deviation was observed in the case of mixed gypsum with the use of a vacuum mixer. Conclusion. Gypsum models should be cast from vacuum mixed gypsum.
The influence of bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process of the mandible for difficult tracheal intubation
Authors: Chmielińska-Popiołek Katarzyna , Kucharski Zbigniew
Published: August 2018

Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process of the mandible is rare condition. Commonly there is only one mechanical symptom, limiting mouth opening. The aim of this article is to introduct medical history of a 38 year-old female with bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process of the mandible confirmed by examination and RTG diagnostic. There is also the question of difficulties during intubation due to bilateral hyperplasia in this case.
Interdyscyplinary treatment of the patient with inflamatory papillary hyperplasia stomatitis – case report
Authors: Kubicka Katarzyna , Godlewski Tomasz
Published: August 2018

Prosthetic treatment of the edentulous patients is often a big challenge for a clinician.
In many cases, it must be preceded by preparatory treatment before prosthetic treatment, becoming interdisciplinary. It should be remembered that the healing process does not end at the moment of hand over final prosthetic restorations. Equally important is patient education about the use of prostheses, the time of their use, hygienization and control visits. Lack of any elements or failure to folow medical recommendations may be associated with far-reaching adverse changes within the masticatory system and health. The article presents a description of prosthodontic treatment edentulous patient with third degree denture stomatitis according to the Newton’s classification. The rehabilitation process was preceded by surgical treatment of the prosthetic base. The publication describes not only the stages of clinical management, postoperative care but also highlights the special role of the prosthetics physician in oncological prevention.
The role of oncogenic viruses in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma – literature review
Authors: Sawczuk Magdalena , Sawczuk Beata , Miąsko Agnieszka , Szarmach Izabela
Published: August 2018

The most common kind of oral cancer is known to be the epithelial cells cancer. The disease develops under the influence of many factors. Extensive studies confirms relationship of the occurrence of cancer in the mouth area and infection with oncogenic virus. Papilloma virus (HPV) and Ebstein-Barr (EBV) are considerate to be the most potent oncogenic viruses. Aim. The aim of the studies was to present the role of the oncogenic virus in the development of squamous cell of oral cancer. Materials and methods. Literature was carried out from November 2014 to January 2018 period using „Pub-Med”, MEDLINE, SCOPUS with keywords: squamous cell carcinoma of the Oral Cavity, oncogenic factors in squamous cell in oral carcinoma, oncogenic virus, role of Ebstein-Barr virus in the development of squamous cell of oral carcinoma, role of human papillomavirus in the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Results. To the review 16 publications were qualified that meet certain criteria for good literature. Identification of comparative characteristics was aimed at finding a common denominator of research results. Discussion. In the review the focus point was on the role of factors which is oncogenic virus. Analysis of the available data has confirmed that more and more frequent cause of commonly known factors such as tobacco smoke, alcohol, neglect hygiene, and genetic factor became undoubtedly the role of virus factor. Summary. High incidence of cancers has led to the search for relevant etiological factors in the development carcinoma process, especially in and around oral cavity. Knowledge of the most cancerogenic factors is important in order to prevent, and the search of effective treatments. In addition, the cited publications, draws attention to the fact the use of saliva as research material. This throws a new light on the work of dentists and the possibility of their involvement in the process of tumor detection and the initiating factor of oncogenesis.
Precision magnetic attachments. A literature review
Authors: Białoskórska Karolina , Szczyrek Przemysław
Published: August 2018

Foregoing researches about precision attachments like magnets conclude in significant progress in this field. The aim of this study is cognition of direction of development and possibilities of using this type of precision attachments in overdentures supported by teeth or implants. Furthermore short characteristic of magnet and keeper, including advantages and disadvantages as well as the influence on patient health was introduced. Major advantages as the permanent attractive force, the maintainability of hygiene and easy usage for patients, as well as a wide range of indications cause that magnetic precision attachments are worthy recommendation in nowadays prosthodontics.