bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DIFFIE-HELLMAN PROTOCOL IN A CHANNEL UNLESS PROTECTED FROM INTERCEPT
Authors:   associate  professor  of  Department  «Information  Technology  and Information Security» of the Ural State University of  Railway Transport., Zyryanova T. Yu. , Raspopov N. A. ,   2-yearstudentof  Department  «Information  Technology  and  Information  Security» of the Ural State University of   Railway  Transport
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the implementation of the Diffie-Hellman protocol in an unprotected channel. The essence of this method is to use steganography to transmit the public key in an unsecured channel. The public key is encrypted using a block cipher and encoded into the pic-ture using the LSB method. The uniqueness of the picture and the impossibility of changing the key is ensured by the avalanche effect. The implementation of the Diffie-Hellman protocol in an insecure channel has long remained relevant, although there is a solution in the form of public key infrastructure, but in this article a new solution to this problem was proposed.
IDENTIFICATION OF HIDDEN VULNERABILITIES IN THE SOURCE CODE MULTI-THREAD PROGRAMS BY ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL TRANSITIONS
Authors:   Head   of   Department,   Interregional   Public   Institution   “Institute   of   Engineering Physics”, Morgunov D. A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents a new set-theoretic model and procedures that reduce the time required to detect hidden vulnerabilities in the source code of multi-threaded computer programs, as well as the results of mathematical modeling. Hidden vulnerabilities in the article are under-stood as vulnerabilities leading to data races and deadlocks, since they have a stochastic nature of manifestation during testing, which greatly complicates their identification. The presented model describes the state of each thread of a multi-threaded computer program currently exe-cuting a function and the contents of the function call stack. At the same time, it remains pos-sible to use the model in verification by the Model Checking method, and also eliminates the need to solve the problem of searching for the model invariant. The presented procedures make it possible to formulate specifications for the verification method on models, the implementa-tion of which makes it possible to identify vulnerabilities leading to data races and deadlocks in the source code of multithreaded programs
CYBERSECURITY MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS: PRINCIPLES OF RELIABILITY MODEL BUILDING
Authors:   Senior  lecturer  at  theDepartment  of  Computer  Science  and  Cyber  security,  Nosov  Magnitogorsk  State  Technical  University., Afanaseva M. V. , Abzalutdinov D. R., ,   second-year student at the Power Engineering and Automated Systems Institute, Department of Computer Science and Cyber security, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University., Barakov K. Y. ,   second-year student at the Power Engineering and Automated Systems Institute, Department of Computer Science and Cyber security, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the possibility of applying the reliability engineering theory for the quantification of cyber security level of industrial automation and control systems security. The reliability model was built and the reliability function for each component of the subsystem was determined. Analytical expressions for the cybersecurity management system uptime probabil-ity calculation are also given, and a system reliability model was built taking into account its subsystems.
INFLUENCE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF THE RADAR ANTENNA–FEEDER NETWORK ON THE NOISE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RECEPTION CHANNEL
Authors:   Leading Engineer of the Department of radio electronics and communications,  Ural  Federal  University., Plohov S.N. , Shabunin S.N. ,   Doctor  of  Technical  Sciences,  Associate  Professor,  Head  of  the  Department  of  radio  electronics  and  telecommunications,  Ural  Federal  University.
Published: February 2021

The influence of the interaction effects of the transmitting and receiving antennas of a mil-limeter-range radar, as well as the direct transmission of the transmitter signal to the receiver input via the internal circuits of the microwave chip on the level of the decorrelated phase noise is under consideration. It is shown that for a certain amount of interaction between the anten-nas, the delay time of signal propagation along the paths of additional reception, the receiver noise factor and the level of phase noise of the carrier frequency of the transmitter at the detun-ing frequency equal to the frequency of the useful signal, the output noise power of the receiver converter by the additional receiving channel and the receiver’s own noise become comparable. Due to the additional noise reception channel, the signal-to-noise ratio decreases and the range of the radar action decreases as well. The calculation uses data for the noise factor of the re-ceiver and the spectral density of the phase noise of the synthesizer of the AWR1243 millimeter–wave transceiver chip from Texas Instruments in the frequency range from 77 till 81 GHz. The effect of a dielectric antenna shelter on the coupling between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and on the spectral noise power density at the receiver input, is considered. The de-pendences of the spectral density of the decorrelated phase noise due to additional communi-cation channels in comparison with the receiver’s own noise are show
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ELECTIVE MULTIBIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION
Authors:   PhD in Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Head of the Department  of  Computer  Security  and  Applied  Algebr,  Chelyabinsk  State  University., Ruchay A. N.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this work is the development of elective multibiometric authentication. The novelty of the work is to develop a new approach to multibiometric authentication. Depending on the availability and usability of sensors, from resistance to attacks, from diseases or injuries of users, any biometric characteristics can be selected, such as password rhythm, voice, dynam-ic signature, graphic password, etc. The paper presents the results of the development of elective multibiometric authentication based on a new approac
TRAINING METHODS FOR NEURAL NETWORKS USED IN THE DECISIONMAKING BLOCK OF SIGNALING DETECTION TOOLS
Authors:   doctor  of  technical  Sciences,  associate  Professor,  Professor  Of  the  educational and scientific center ", Dukhan E. I. ,   Information security",   of the URAL Federal University named after the  first  President  of  Russia  B.  N.  Yeltsin., Zakharkin G. F. ,   engineer  of  the  Department  of  Radioelectronics  and  communications, URAL Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Dukhan A. E. ,   graduate  student  of  Ural  Federal  University  named  after  first  President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the issue of training a neural network when building algorithms for detecting violators in the decision-making block of modern detection tools. The feature of train-ing neural networks in modern detection tools is to change the loss function under consider-ation, which takes into account the possible damage from the implementation of errors of the first and second kind in alarm systems. Based on the criterion of minimum average risk, it is advisable to minimize the probability of a false alarm (error of the first kind) with a fixed value of the probability of missing the target (error of the second kind). A new expression is obtained for updating the weights of the neural network during training, based on minimizing the new loss function. The process of training a neural network on a representative dataset of calculated information signal realizations and interference modeling is shown on the example of distrib-uted magnetometric systems. It is proved that the recurrent neural network has high character-istics of detecting violators: for a given value of correct detection of 0,95, the probability of a false alarm was 5,9∙10–4.
NUMERICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING TEMPERATURE FIELD OF A LINEAR OBJECT UNDER EXTERNAL THERMAL INFLUENCE
Authors:   Ph.D. in math, Associate Professor, Head of Deparetment of Computational   Mathematics   and   High-Performance   Computing,   Federal   State   Autonomous   Educational   Institution   of   Higher   Education   “South   Ural   State   University   (national   research   university)”, Yaparova N.M. , Gavrilova T.P. ,   Senior Lecturer of  Deparetment of  Computational  Mathematics and  High-Performance  Computing,    Federal  State  Autonomous  Educational  Institution  of  Higher  Education “South Ural State University (national research university)
Published: February 2021

The use of data analysis technologies for processing the temperature measurement results is aimed at solving the problems of controlling the parameters of controlling thermal modes, monitoring the thermal state of the main industrial equipment, as well as issues of integrity and availability of data circulating in automated control systems for technological processes.The article is devoted to the problem of determining non-stationary temperature fields in-side an object from the noisy results of surface temperature measurements and the parameters of external thermal effect on its surface. Mathematically, the heat transfer process is represent-ed by a parabolic equation, includes initial conditions, as well as boundary conditions formed from temperature measurements on the object’s surface and in accordance with the character-istics of the external thermal regime.
RESEARCH OF PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS FROM THREATS OF INFORMATION THEFT
Authors:   Candidate of technical sciences, Associate professor of the department   «Information   Technologies   in   Legal   Activity   and   Documentation   Support   of   Management»,  Professor  of  the  Russian  Academy  of  natural  Sciences  (ANS),  Russian  University  of  Transport., Gruzdeva L.M.
Published: February 2021

he article notes that the faster the digitalization of the transport industry takes place, and, consequently, the emergence of new vulnerabilities and risks, the more acute is the question of developing new and improving the already used means to ensure information security of trans-port infrastructure, protect information of limited access. The author gives examples of in mation security incidents in transport in Russia and worldwide since 2018. Statistical analysis made it possible to conclude that the main motive of cybercriminals in carrying out information attacks is information theft, mostly personal data, including from cloud storage. Social engi-neering and cyber-attacks using malicious software are likely to remain the most popular and successful methods of infiltrating corporate information systems.
The Networks of Consecration: The Journey of Magda Szabó and László Krasznahorkai’s International Reputation One
Authors: Varga Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2021

This chapter focuses on the international reputation of the work of two Hungarian novelists the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries: the reception of the novels of Magda Szabó and László Kraszahorkai in German, French and English literary cultures. Though different in novelistic approach, genre and aesthetics, they belong to a small group of Hungarian writers whose work found resonance with the international readership. The chapter argues that their international circulation, reception and popularity are much entwined with very tangible processes of mediation through networks of translators and other cultural agents active in the international economy of letters.
On Fields of Bones, Headsmen and Madonnas: The Symbols and Figures of Central Europe in the Past 25 Years of Jáchym Topol’s Writing
Authors: Kudlová Klára
Published: February 2021

In the Czech literary scene, it is Jáchym Topol who may justly be labelled the author most consumed with Central Europe, one who is constantly attempting to decrypt the message encoded in its scars and wrinkles. His fictional treatment of Central-European themes is preceded by thorough knowledge of both the history and present state of the region. However, Topol is not merely a historian; in his fictionalising he uses a poetic, complex perspective, and arrives thus at a unique expression. Particular recurring figures in his literary work seem to answer in a riddle the questions of present-day Central Europe. First one of those is the biblical image of the field or of the pile of bones. In Topol’s writing, it represents both the systematic violence in Central-European history, and universal onus. The second recurring figure is the figure of a good-hearted headsman. In Topol’s prosaic and dramatic texts, the headsman embodies the ambivalence of the Czech national character, but also its survival strategies. It is intertextually linked to the works of Jaroslav Hašek, and brings the notion “Czechs are a Švejk-like nation” to its absurd, augmented consequences. The third figure which keeps returning in Topol’s work combines the features of a character and of a symbol. It is the figure of Madonna, representing the spiritual dimension of Central European tradition, bound to Christianity. The various Madonnas—the Polish Madonna of Częstochowa, the War Madonna in fictionalised modern-day Russia and eventually the Czech Madonna of Poříčí create the Christian counterworld in Topol’s novels, and signalize the persistent role and presence of spirituality in the region. In Topol’s novel Citlivý člověk it is actually thanks to this Madonna that the whole discourse opens to a new type of perspective.
Temporalities—Technologies—Transgressions: Notes On Contemporary Slovak Poetry
Authors: Hostová Ivana
Published: February 2021

In the course of the past three decades, marked in post-communist Central European countries by their sudden repositioning on the geopolitical map, Slovak social and cultural spaces, in great haste and chaos, got to locale-specific grips with postmodernism and, more or less simultaneously, entered contemporaneity. The leap to the present has created inherently transcultural modes of existence, in which global news, fashions and tastes form a relevant part of individuals’ identities. Through the prism of Peter Osborne’s (2013, 2018) concept of historical contemporaneity, this essay briefly outlines modifications that the segment of Slovak poetry marked by Osbornian contemporaneity has undergone in the past three decades.
Returning to the Past: The Germans as a Historical Trauma in Contemporary Czech Prose
Authors: Šidáková Fialová Alena
Published: February 2021

This study describes reflections of wartime and postwar historical trauma in contemporary Czech prose, taking into account the issues surrounding Central Europe, which entirely overlap with the traditional confrontation between the Czechs and Germans. It also includes the changing reflections on Germany and the Germans, the Second World War and the subsequent expulsion found in the prose work of the new millennium, the unifying topic being deemed to be the issue of the ambiguous national identification of the protagonists, the detabooization of previously hushed-up subjects and the subject of the Holocaust, particularly in the family saga genre. It also takes into account groups of texts focusing on reflections of anti-German resistance activities, both in the genre of the novel (with detective elements) and in output on the boundaries between fiction and factographic prose.
Hungarian Stories of the Regime Change: Voices and Perspectives
Authors: Balázs Imre József
Published: February 2021

Regime change narratives in Hungarian literature gained a new type of consistency around 2010, after two decades of postcommunism. The article analyses narrative strategies of novels written about the regime change, showing their tendency towards a microhistorical approach. The discussed novels include works by such minority authors as Ádám Bodor, Andrea Tompa, Sándor Zsigmond Papp, Zsolt Láng, who represent in their novels the dramatic regime change that took place in Romania in 1989.
The Postulate of Grounded Theory in the Perception of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk in Terms of Political Science
Authors: Lorenc Magdalena
Published: February 2021

This article aims to demonstrate the applicability of grounded theory in the analysis of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk in terms of political science. The fundamental question is how to examine the sources which exhibit the ideological character of the space of public museums? In order to answer this question, the concepts by Kathy Charmaz and Adela Clarke are referred to, which have been noticed to offer unused potential for qualitative research conducted in the field of political science. This meant departing from the “classical” versions of grounded theory, created by Barney G. Glaser and Anselm L. Strauss, in favor of what is called “a postmodern turn,” and approaches which synthesize constructivism and social constructionism. Data obtained from primary and secondary sources concerning the main axis of the core exhibition were analyzed. The starting point was my own field research, the results of which were compared with the data from an interview with the museum’s architects and the transcription of a photograph. Inspired by procedures compliant with the non-classical versions of grounded theory, it was demonstrated that the main axis of the core exhibition was designed as a liberal manifesto of freedom. This determined the subject of analysis to be a part of the research field of political science. The spatial solutions applied testified to their designers’ intention to provide visitors with freedom of movement and assembly. They were considered as conceptual categories, related to the absence of a dedicated sightseeing route and the vastness of the space left for visitors. A comparative analysis of codes and categories, however, made it possible to identify yet another interpretative trope, related to the identification of freedom with alienation. In this way, “liberty” has become problematized.
Demanding the Impossible: the Precariat, Social Outrage and Anti-austerity Movements
Authors: Kania Eliza
Published: February 2021

The article analyses major legacies of anti-austerity movements since 2011: Indignados/as and Occupy Wall Street (known also as the movements of the precariat). Based on the author’s research developed in her book: The precariat and the process of precarisation of labour - new directions of global socio-economic changes (original title: Prekariat i proces prekaryzacji pracy – nowe kierunki zmian społeczno ekonomicznych w świecie), the article summarises the most significant outcomes of these movements’ activities and demands, in four primary dimensions: identity, social awareness, organisation and politics. The author also answers the question of whether, in the course of anti-austerity movements’ activities, a new social group – the precariat – gained political subjectivity.
The Functional Relevance of Task-State Functional Connectivity
Authors: Cole Michael W. , Ito Takuya , Cocuzza Carrisa , Sanchez-Romero Ruben
Published: February 2021

Resting-state functional connectivity has provided substantial insight into intrinsic brain network organization, yet the functional importance of task-related change from that intrinsic network organization remains unclear. Indeed, such task-related changes are known to be small, suggesting they may have only minimal functional relevance. Alternatively, despite their small amplitude, these task-related changes may be essential for the ability of the human brain to adaptively alter its functionality via rapid changes in inter-regional relationships. We used activity flow mapping—an approach for building empirically derived network models—to quantify the functional importance of task-state functional connectivity (above and beyond resting-state functional connectivity) in shaping cognitive task activations in the (female and male) human brain. We found that task-state functional connectivity could be used to better predict independent fMRI activations across all 24 task conditions and all 360 cortical regions tested. Further, we found that prediction accuracy was strongly driven by individual-specific functional connectivity patterns, while functional connectivity patterns from other tasks (task-general functional connectivity) still improved predictions beyond resting-state functional connectivity. Additionally, since activity flow models simulate how task-evoked activations (which underlie behavior) are generated, these results may provide mechanistic insight into why prior studies found correlations between task-state functional connectivity and individual differences in behavior. These findings suggest that task-related changes to functional connections play an important role in dynamically reshaping brain network organization, shifting the flow of neural activity during task performance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman cognition is highly dynamic, yet the functional network organization of the human brain is highly similar across rest and task states. We hypothesized that, despite this overall network stability, task-related changes from the intrinsic (resting-state) network organization of the brain strongly contribute to brain activations during cognitive task performance. Given that cognitive task activations emerge through network interactions, we leveraged connectivity-based models to predict independent cognitive task activations using resting-state versus task-state functional connectivity. This revealed that task-related changes in functional network organization increased prediction accuracy of cognitive task activations substantially, demonstrating their likely functional relevance for dynamic cognitive processes despite the small size of these task-related network changes.
Homotopy Simulation of Dissipative Micropolar Flow and Heat Transfer from a Two-Dimensional Body with Heat Sink Effect
Authors: Bég O. Anwar , Ray Atul Kumar , Gorla Rama S.R. , Leonard Henry J. , Kadir Ali , Bég T.A. , Vasu B.
Published: February 2021

Non-Newtonian flow from a wedge constitutes a fundamental problem in chemical

engineering systems and is relevant to processing of polymers, coating systems, etc. Motivated by such applications, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) was employed to

obtain semi-analytical solutions for thermal convection boundary layer flow of incompressible micropolar fluid from a two-dimensional body (wedge). Viscous dissipation

and heat sink effects were included. The non-dimensional boundary value problem

emerges as a system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations, by virtue of

suitable coordinate transformations. The so-called Falkner-Skan flow cases are elaborated. Validation of the HAM solutions was achieved with earlier simpler models, as well as with a Nakamura finite difference method for the general model. The micropolar model employed simulates certain polymeric solutions quite accurately, and features rotary motions of micro-elements. Primary and secondary shear stress, wall couple stress, Nusselt number, microrotation velocity, and temperature were computed for the effect of

vortex viscosity parameter (micropolar rheological), Eckert number (viscous dissipation),

Falkner-Skan (pressure gradient) parameter, micro-inertia density, and heat sink parameter. The special cases of Blasius and stagnation flow were also addressed. It was observed from the study that the temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness are both suppressed with increasing wedge parameter and wall heat sink effect, which is beneficial to temperature regulation in polymer coating dynamics. Further, strong reverse spin was generated in the microrotation with increasing vortex viscosity, which resulted in

increase in angular momentum boundary layer thickness. Also, both primary and secondary skin friction components were reduced with increasing wedge parameter. Nusselt number was also enhanced substantially with greater wedge parameter.
Dzielnica jako miejsca afektywne – Cwaniary Sylwii Chutnik i Królowa Salwatora Emmy Popik
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Szalewska Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes two urban novels Cwaniary by Sylwia Chutnik and Królowa Salwatora by Emma Popik. Both present the vision of city as an affective place. Their strongest similarity is in the way they project emotions upon the city and the transformations of public space which they document. The author of the article proposes to concentrate on a number of questions. These include the affective experience of urban space, polis as the space of ideological tensions, relationship between the centre and periphery, postmodern understanding of locality, and finally, the status of a district as the site of settling in, which allows one to claim “the right to the city”.
„Jaki demon pchnął mnie do Afryki?” O podróży Andre Gide’a do Konga (1925–1926)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Kamecka Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze Andre Gide’s views on the situation ´ in the Congo, where the writer went as an official envoy of the Minister of the Colonies in 1926. His stay in Africa resulted in Voyage au Congo (1927). Gide’s observations of native inhabitants prompted him to take a critical attitude towards the policy of France in the colony. Gide perceived the manifestations of pathology and inhumane treatment of the Africans by the colonizers, but he by no means undermined the system based on exploitation and the dominance of the white man. He saw the healing of the situation in enhancing the administration and increasing the educated staff of the colonial power.
Od narcystycznej identyfikacji do zdystansowanej uważności: refokalizacja w apokryficznych ekfrazach i ekfrastycznych apokryfach Rembrandtowskiej Lekcji anatomii doktora Tulpa
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Dynkowska Julia
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the strategy of refocalization in apocryphal ekphrases and ekphrastic apocrypha, and more specifically, the shift from the perspective that dominates the original painting into the perspective and narrative that are valid in the literary text(s) inspired by this painting. The precise subject of this study are works related to Rembrandt’s The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp – Jacek Dehnel’s Po wyjściu malarza, Jacek Kaczmarski’s Lekcja anatomii (według Rembrandta), Nina Siegal’s Anatomy Lesson and a fragment of W.G. Seblad’s novel The Rings of Saturn.
Biografie miast. Zarys problematyki genologicznej w perspektywie hermeneutycznej teorii gatunku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Gałecki Wojciech
Published: February 2021

The article addresses the most important problems related to the biography of a city, including its generic category. It appears that the best way to approach these difficulties is through the hermeneutic theory of genre. In order to define the key interpretative methodologies of the genre, the author draws on the geocritical concepts developed by Elżbieta Rybicka (the theory of auto/bio/geo/graphy) and Bertrand Westphal.
Wyobraźnia zorganizowana. Poetyka wiersza kolory Jana Brzękowskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Smaruj Alicja
Published: February 2021

The article interprets Jan Brzękowski’s poem kolory [couleurs]. Accepting the assumption that the reading of the Cracow avant-garde poetry, including Brzękowski’s works, requires the textual approach, the author of the article gives an in-depth discussion of rhetorical figures (especially metaphors) and symbolic motifs (metals, colours, weather phenomena). Such reading of kolory turns the poem into a statement about the unique psychological (or even spiritual) experience of the lyrical self, who, after a crisis of darkness, has an insight “in the breaking dawn”.
Paryż Kossaków. Śladami wspomnień rodzinnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Adamik Ewelina
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the ties of the Kossak family with the nineteenthand twentieth-century Paris, tracing the facts in the existing artistic works and memoirs. The author concentrates on the artistic connections, especially concerning Juliusz, the progenitor of the Kossak family, with the Parisian artists and Polish modernist bohemia. The author shows the strong connections between Wojciech Kossak, Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska and Magdalena Samozwaniec and Paris, and she proves that the city was the source of creative inspiration.
Проблемы правового регулирования административных услуг в Украине
Authors:   Одесский региональный институт государственного управления Национальной академии государственного управления при Президенте Украины, Ющенко Маргарита , Лесик Елена ,   Одесский региональный институт государственного управления Национальной академии государственного управления при Президенте Украины
Published: February 2021

Goal – to analyze and summarize the normative legal acts that regulate the procedure for the provision of administrative services in Ukraine and identify the main problematic issues of legal regulation of administrative services in Ukraine and ways to solve them. The analysis includes a set of guidelines for improving the quality of the provision of administrative services by the executive authorities and local self‑government bodies, and identifies certain gaps in the legal framework on these issues. Research methodology – the paper uses the analysis of regulatory documents on the organization of the provision of administrative services in Ukraine, mechanisms and theoretical foundations of their organizations. Score/results – the goal identification of the main problematic issues of legal regulation of the provision of administrative services in Ukraine and ways to solve them. Recommendations for solving these problems have been developed. Originality/value – the paper is done by the authors independently without any help and assistance of others. The paper provides links to researches, as well as links to legislation. The nature of the paper is a review report.
Sustainable Development Modelling of Regional Agritourism Clusters (Case of Belarus)
Authors:   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Kazlovski Vital , Ganski Uladzimir ,   Institute of Entrepreneurial Activity, Andreichyk Katsiaryna ,   Polotsk State University
Published: February 2021

Goal – construction of models that describe the social, environmental, and economic sustainability of rural areas in the context of the development of agritourism, which would make it possible to determine the leading factors for their sustainable development. Research methodology – the research applied the procedures of goal setting, measurement, establishing criteria, forming and choosing alternatives, algorithms, methods of PLS‑PM modeling, and methods of qualitative modeling. Score/results – a systematic solution to the numerous environmental, social, and economic problems of the development of agritourism cluster is not achievable without appropriate economic and mathematical models and tools for their support, which would make it possible to accurately predict the main indicators of the sustainable development of agritourism, identify the main factors of sustainable development, determine the degree of the effectiveness of certain management decisions. Originality/value – based on the applied software products developed in this way, support systems for making complex management decisions can be formed that make it possible to identify all potential scenarios for the development of any complex systems and transitions between them, as well as provide a predictive function for evaluating key blocks. In the future, the proposed toolkit can be used to model and optimize the sustainable development of specific tourism investment projects in rural regions, as well as to select investment areas at the regional agritourism cluster level.
Improving the Relationship between Public Authorities and Local Governments in the Process of Decentralization
Authors:   ORIPA NAPA under the President of Ukraine, Kovtun Yuliya
Published: February 2021

Goal – to analyze the activities of public authorities and local governments in the context of decentralization, to identify the main problems of the relationship between public authorities and local governments in order to improve their work. Research methodology – in the article the author applied general (system analysis method, method of argumentation theory) and private scientific methods of cognition (legal: formal‑legal and comparative‑legal methods). Score/results – the article analyzes the process of decentralization of public administration, on the basis of domestic experience, offers ways of functional and structural optimization of relations between public authorities, explores the principles of improving the relationship between public authorities and local governments in the decentralization process. Originality/value – the work is done by the author independently without any help and assistance of others. The article provides links to citations, as well as links to legislation. The nature of the article is a review report.
Уклонение от погашения кредиторской задолженности: анализ объективной стороны
Authors:   Полоцкий государственный университет, Кукштель Виктория
Published: February 2021

Goal – the aim is a comprehensive analysis of certain features of the objective side of Article 242 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus “Evasion from repayment of accounts payable”. The article discusses ways to avoid paying off accounts payable; a court order that has entered into legal force, obliging to repay accounts payable, has been investigated; as well as the stage of enforcement of a court order that has entered into legal force; large amount of damage to accounts payable; reasonable risk of agricultural enterprises. Research methodology – comparison, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, ascent from the abstract to the concrete. Score/results – the results of the article are used in the educational process within the framework of the discipline “Fundamentals of countering economic crime”. They can also be used in law enforcement practice when investigating the elements of crimes “Evasion from repayment of accounts payable”. Originality/value – the article substantiates the need to create a unified database of court decisions of economic courts of the Republic of Belarus in order to increase the efficiency of preliminary investigation in cases of this category; criticism highlighted in the doctrine as an obligatory sign of the objective side of evasion from repayment of accounts payable the stage of enforcement of an enforceable judgment, offers a reasonable change in the structure of the objective side of article 242 of the Criminal code of Belarus “Evasion from repayment of accounts payable».
Антропоморфизм в современном рекламном дискурсе
Authors:   Гродненский государственный университет, Ли Чон Ку , Алексей Косик ,   Гродненский государственный университет
Published: February 2021

Goal – the main goal of this study is to identify the role and possible ways of using anthropomorphism to improve the effectiveness of advertising. Research methodology – the article provides a comparative analysis of terminology systematizes the conceptual apparatus of anthropomorphism in the works of domestic and foreign authors, analyzes the experience of using anthropomorphism in the advertising activities of the European dairy companies “Mlekovita” and “Valio”. Score/results – as a conclusion, the authors formulated the main criteria for character images for the advertising discourse of the Belorussian company “Molochnyj Mir”. Originality/value – for the first time in the domestic literature the problem of anthropomorphism in contemporary advertising discourse is considered. The article has scientific and practical significance and contains the author’s ideas and conclusions.
Improving the Quality of Education by Integrating Network Universities and Business
Authors:   Polotsk State University, Serada Tatsiana , Varanko Elvira
Published: February 2021

Goal – this article’s main goal is to show the need for the integration of universities on the basis of the processes of network interaction between business and education as one of the conditions for improving the quality of education in the country, and accordingly the index of education and the human development index of the country. Research methodology – the authors used analytical, economic, statistical methods of data analysis, conceptual and empirical research. Score/results – the article reveals the essence and substantiates the need to implement of the practice‑oriented education system by using the dual training system and creating of network interaction between universities in different countries. The advantages of such a model are revealed in comparison with the traditional form of training for the employer, educational institution, future specialist and the state. The instruments and forms of development of trilateral integration are described. Originality/value – the article presents the results of a comparative study of the human development of Belarus and its four neighbouring countries (Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine), has theoretical and practical significance, contains the author’s generalizations and conclusions.
Женское предпринимательство в Республике Беларусь как основа развития малого и среднего предпринимательства
Authors:   Гродненский государственный университет, Витун Светлана , Денищик Дмитрий ,   Гродненский государственный университет
Published: February 2021

Goal – the purpose of this article is to generalize theoretical approaches to determining the specifics of women’s entrepreneurship, to form a portrait of a modern woman in business, to identify barriers to the development of women’s entrepreneurship and ways of its development. Research methodology – in the main part, the analysis of economic sectors, which modern women prefer when choosing a field of activity, is carried out. A comparative analysis was carried out and the distinctive features of enterprises run by men and women were identified. Score/results – the positive experience of conducting women’s business in Poland, which can be successfully used to improve and develop women’s entrepreneurship in Belarus, is revealed. Options for improving the current situation, aimed at the development of women’s entrepreneurship, are proposed. Originality/value – the article deals with the formation and development of women’s business as a basis for the activation of small and medium‑sized businesses in the Republic of Belarus. The features of the activities of enterprises run by women are revealed, and the strengths and weaknesses in their work are highlighted.
Effects of ChREBP deficiency on adrenal lipogenesis and steroidogenesis
Authors: Takao Ken , Iizuka Katsumi , Liu Yanyan , Sakurai Teruaki , Kubota Sodai , Kubota-Okamoto Saki , Imaizumi Toshinori , Takahashi Yoshihiro , Rakhat Yermek , Komori Satoko , Hirose Tokuyuki , Nonomura Kenta , Kato Takehiro , Mizuno Masami , Suwa Tetsuya , Horikawa Yukio , Sone Masakatsu , Yabe Daisuke
Published: February 2021

Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is critical in the regulation of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis in the liver. Interestingly, Chrebp−/− mice show reduced levels of plasma cholesterol, which is critical for steroid hormone synthesis in adrenal glands. Furthermore, Chrebp mRNA expression was previously reported in human adrenal glands. Thus, it remains to be investigated whether ChREBP plays a role directly or indirectly in steroid hormone synthesis and release in adrenal glands. In the present study, we find that Chrebp mRNA is expressed in mouse adrenal glands and that ChREBP binds to carbohydrate response elements. Histological analysis of Chrebp−/− mice shows no adrenal hyperplasia and less oil red O staining compared with that in WT mice. In adrenal glands of Chrebp−/− mice, expression of Fasn and Scd1, two enzymes critical for fatty acid synthesis, was substantially lower and triglyceride content was reduced. Expression of Srebf2, a key transcription factor controlling synthesis and uptake of cholesterol and the target genes, was upregulated, while cholesterol content was not significantly altered in the adrenal glands of Chrebp−/− mice. Adrenal corticosterone content and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels were not significantly altered in Chrebp−/− mice. Consistently, expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis was not altered. Corticosterone secretion in response to two different stimuli, namely 24-h starvation and cosyntropin administration, was also not altered in Chrebp−/− mice. Taking these results together, corticosterone synthesis and release were not affected in Chrebp−/− mice despite reduced plasma cholesterol levels.
Balanced Notch-Wnt signaling interplay is required for mouse embryo and fetal development
Authors: Batista Mariana R , Diniz Patrícia , Murta Daniel , Torres Ana , Lopes-da-Costa Luís , Silva Elisabete
Published: February 2021

This study investigated the role of Notch and Wnt cell signaling interplay in the mouse early embryo, and its effects on fetal development. Developmental kinetics was evaluated in embryos in vitro cultured from the 8-16-cell to the hatched blastocyst stage in the presence of signaling inhibitors of Notch (DAPT) and/or Wnt (DKK1). An embryo subset was evaluated for differential cell count and gene transcription of Notch (receptors Notch1-4, ligands Dll1, Dll4, Jagged1-2, effectors Hes1-2) and Wnt (Wnt3a, Lrp6, Gsk3β, C-myc, Tcf4, β-catenin) components, E-cadherin and pluripotency and differentiation markers (Sox2, Oct4, Klf4, Cdx2), whereas a second subset was evaluated for implantation ability and development to term following transfer into recipients. Notch and Wnt blockades had significant opposing effects on developmental kinetics – Notch blockade retarded while Wnt blockade fastened development. This evidences that Notch and Wnt regulate the pace of embryo kinetics by respectively speeding and braking development. Blockades significantly changed the transcription profile of Sox2, Oct4, Klf4 and Cdx2, and Notch and double blockades significantly changed embryonic cell numbers and cell ratio. The double blockade induced more severe phenotypes than those expected from the cumulative effects of single blockades. Implantation ability was unaffected, but Notch and double blockades significantly decreased fetal development to term. Compared to control embryos, Notch blockade and Wnt blockade embryos originated, respectively, significantly lighter and heavier fetuses. In conclusion, Notch and Wnt signaling interplay in the regulation of the pace of early embryo kinetics, and their actions at this stage have significant carry-over effects on later fetal development to term.
Equine maternal aging affects oocyte lipid content, metabolic function and developmental potential
Authors: Catandi Giovana D , Obeidat Yusra M , Broeckling Corey D , Chen Thomas W , Chicco Adam J , Carnevale Elaine M
Published: February 2021

Advanced maternal age is associated with a decline in fertility and oocyte quality. We used novel metabolic microsensors to assess effects of mare age on single oocyte and embryo metabolic function, which has not yet been similarly investigated in mammalian species. We hypothesized that equine maternal aging affects the metabolic function of oocytes and in vitro-produced early embryos, oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, and relative abundance of metabolites involved in energy metabolism in oocytes and cumulus cells. Samples were collected from preovulatory follicles from young (≤14 years) and old (≥20 years) mares. Relative abundance of metabolites in metaphase II oocytes (MII) and their respective cumulus cells, detected by liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, revealed that free fatty acids were less abundant in oocytes and more abundant in cumulus cells from old vs young mares. Quantification of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, respectively measured as oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in a microchamber containing oxygen and pH microsensors, demonstrated reduced metabolic function and capacity in oocytes and day-2 embryos originating from oocytes of old when compared to young mares. In mature oocytes, mtDNA was quantified by real-time PCR and was not different between the age groups and not indicative of mitochondrial function. Significantly more sperm-injected oocytes from young than old mares resulted in blastocysts. Our results demonstrate a decline in oocyte and embryo metabolic activity that potentially contributes to the impaired developmental competence and fertility in aged females.
TRIM28 maintains genome imprints and regulates development of porcine SCNT embryos
Authors: Zhai Yanhui , Zhang Meng , An Xinglan , Zhang Sheng , Kong Xiangjie , Li Qi , Yu Hao , Dai Xiangpeng , Li Ziyi
Published: February 2021

Pre-implantation embryos undergo genome-wide DNA demethylation, however certain regions, like imprinted loci remain methylated. Further, the mechanisms ensuring demethylation resistance by TRIM28 in epigenetic reprogramming remain poorly understood. Here, TRIM28 was knocked down in oocytes, and its effects on porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development was examined. Our results showed that SCNT embryos constructed from TRIM28 knockdown oocytes had significantly lower cleavage (53.9 ± 3.4% vs 64.8 ± 2.7%) and blastocyst rates (12.1 ± 4.3% vs 19.8 ± 1.9%) than control-SCNT embryos. The DNA methylation levels at the promoter regions of the imprinting gene IGF2 and H19 were significantly decreased in the 4-cell stage, and the transcript abundance of other imprinting gene was substantially increased. We also identified an aberrant two-fold decrease in the expression of CXXC1and H3K4me3 methyltransferase (ASH2L and MLL2), and the signal intensity of H3K4me3 had a transient drop in SCNT 2-cell embryos. Our results indicated that maternal TRIM28 knockdown disrupted the genome imprints and caused epigenetic variability in H3K4me3 levels, which blocked the transcription activity of zygote genes and affected the normal developmental progression of porcine SCNT embryos.
“МУЖИЦЬКИЙ” АДВОКАТ З ГУЦУЛЬЩИНИ ІВАН СЕМАНЮК (МАРКО ЧЕРЕМШИНА) (1874–1927)
Authors: Світлана Кобута Cтепан Кобута
Published: February 2021

Стаття присвячена професійній правничій діяльності Івана Семанюка, українського адвоката, громадського діяча, письменника-новеліста, знаного як Марко Черемшина. Досліджено життєвий шлях, причини вибору правничого фаху, роки навчання на юридичному факультеті Віденського університету, участь у студентському громадському житті. Проаналізовано його фахову роботу під час прохо­дження адвокатської практики у канцелярії адвоката Миколи Лагодинського у Делятині, самостійну юридичну діяльність у власній канцелярії у м. Снятин. Дано оцінки професійних навиків і знань І. Се­ма­нюка його близькими, товаришами, знайомими. З’ясовано, що саме правнича професія була основним родом діяльності, засобом матеріального забезпечення родини, способом надання допомоги та захисту прав українського селянства.

Ключові слова: адвокат, Віденський університет, І. Семанюк, М. Черемшина, правнича діяль­ність, Снятин
“[…] И ПОЛОВЕЦЬ МНОЖЕСТВО”, АБО ЯК НЕ ВАРТО ДОСЛІДЖУВАТИ ІСТОРІЮ НОМАДІВ (рец.: Пилипчук Я. В. Соціальна історія кипчаків у IX–XIII ст. Київ ; Вінниця : Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Драгом
Authors: Анета ҐОЛЕМБЬОВСЬКА-ТОБІАШ Мирослав Волощук
Published: February 2021

“[…] И ПОЛОВЕЦЬ МНОЖЕСТВО”, АБО ЯК НЕ ВАРТО ДОСЛІДЖУВАТИ ІСТОРІЮ НОМАДІВ (рец.: Пилипчук Я. В. Соціальна історія кипчаків у IX–XIII ст. Київ ; Вінниця : Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Дра­гоманова, ТОВ “ТВОРИ”, 2018. 340 с.