bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MapReduce for Graphs Processing: New Big Data Algorithm for 2-Edge Connected Components and Future Ideas
Authors: Dahiphale Devendra
Published: May 2023

Finding connectivity in graphs has numerous applications, such as social network analysis, data mining, intra-city or inter-cities connectivity, neural network, and many more. The deluge of graph applications makes graph connectivity problems extremely important and worthwhile to explore. Currently, there are many single-node algorithms for graph mining and analysis; however, those algorithms primarily apply to small graphs and are implemented on a single machine node. Finding 2-edge connected components (2-ECCs) in massive graphs (billions of edges and vertices) is impractical and time-consuming, even with the best-known single-node algorithms. Processing a big graph in a parallel and distributed fashion saves considerable time to finish processing. Moreover, it enables stream data processing by allowing quick results for vast and continuous nature data sets. This research proposes a distributed and parallel algorithm for finding 2-ECCs in big undirected graphs (subsequently called ”BiECCA”) and presents its time complexity analysis. The proposed algorithm is implemented on a MapReduce framework and uses an existing algorithm to find connected components (CCs) in a graph as a sub-step. Finally, we suggest a few novel ideas and approaches as extensions to our work.
Electron tunneling in ferritin and associated biosystems
Authors: Diez Perez Ismael , Lim Sierin , Nijhuis Christian , Pluchery Olivier , Rourk Christopher
Published: May 2023

Ferritin is a 12 nanometer (nm) diameter iron storage protein complex that is found in most plants and animals. A substantial body of evidence has established that electrons can tunnel through and between ferritin protein nanoparticles and that it exhibits Coulomb blockade behavior, similar to quantum dots and nanoparticles. This evidence can be used to understand the behavior of these particles for use in nanoelectronic devices, for biomedical applications and for investigation of quantum biological phenomena. Ferritin also has magnetic properties that make it useful for applications such as memristors and as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. This article provides a short overview of this evidence, as well as evidence of ferritin structures in vivo and of tunneling in those structures, with an emphasis on ferritin structures in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) neurons. Potential biomedical applications that could utilize these ferritin protein nanoparticles are also discussed.
Beyond the Track II: A Biomechanical Perspective on Roller Coaster Injury Risks and Recommendations for Improvement
Authors: Cataldo Ryan
Published: May 2023

Understanding how and where roller coaster-related injuries occur within the human body are crucial to prevention. In turn, this paper begins by analyzing the relationship between forces that roller coasters exert on riders and related injury biomechanics research. This paper then proceeds to assess the respective risks of brain injury and spinal injury that can impact riders. Recommendations for improvement are then offered in the form of biomechanically-enhanced anthropomorphic test devices. Roller coaster manufacturers can ultimately use the data supplied by such devices in their designs to reduce rider injuries.
Lung Segment Anything Model (LuSAM): A Prompt-integrated Framework for Automated Lung Segmentation on ICU Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Iytha Sridhar Rishika , Kamaleswaran Rishikesan
Published: May 2023

Abstract — The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a state-of-the-art deep learning architecture for image seg- mentation that allows users to segment arbitrary objects in images using points, or bounding boxes. SAM uses a novel two-stage approach that first encodes the input image into a high-dimensional embedding, and then generates object masks using the embedding and the input prompt. This ap- proach allows SAM to produce high-quality segmentation even for objects that were not seen during training, and to handle complex input prompts with multiple objects and attributes. We evaluate SAM on the open source Chest X- ray dataset known as Japanese Society of Radiological Technology (JSRT) dataset and another dataset obtained from Emory Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia,USA and show that it achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of Stability Score and Jaccard Index including the perfor- mance across different demographic data such as age and gender. Overall, SAM provides a powerful tool for image segmentation, enabling efficient and accurate object detec- tion and segmentation for a wide range of applications. It also represents a significant advance in the field of image segmentation and opens up new opportunities for interactive and multi-modal image analysis.
Promotion of high-quality textiles by prize competitions during the Enlightenment in Saxony. From raw material to finished product manufacturing
Authors: Horii Seiji
Published: May 2023

Preisaufgabe, or «prize competitions» were implemented in Saxony in 1764 to promote industry after the Seven Years’ War. We investigated the purpose of them and by whom, by analysing primary historical texts to uncover four criteria: (1) the best quality prototypes; (2) equivalent quality to foreign products; (3) establishment of training facilities, and (4) manufacture of new products. The competitions promoted high-quality products and disseminated knowledge. Numerous prototypes were submitted and prizes awarded. Most participants were already engaged in textile or related industries and the strategy relied on this intellectual foundation. Assessment of Saxony’s situation and enlightenment principles informed the competitions.
The economic revolution in book design that went unnoticed. The case of the Southern Netherlands, 1473–c. 1550
Authors: Proot Joran
Published: May 2023

This contribution discusses the evolution of paper thickness of books produced in the Southern Netherlands in the period 1473 until the middle of the sixteenth century. Changing paper thickness is one of the key elements which in all likelihood helped coping with the problem of the rapidly increasing demand for paper by the press. After a description of relevant aspects of the production of hand laid paper and of the resulting morphology of sheets, a methodology is proposed to deal with the problem of establishing paper thickness in bound volumes and further problems dealing with the compression effect and of binding and rebinding are discussed.
Market assessment and risk prediction: resources and know-how of a seventeenth-century bookseller of Venice coping with competition
Authors: Ottone Andrea
Published: May 2023

this article explores the likelihood that early modern printers had de-veloped rudimentary practices aimed at assessing their market of refer-ence to pursue strategic commercial planning. It surreys the inner evi-dence of a single manuscript bibliographic compiled by a minor mem-ber of the Giunta publishing house active in Venice in order to pro-pose the hypothesis that said catalogue may have been instrumental to commercial bibliometrics aimed to avoid harmful competition between redundant editions within the same market area.
Management and governance of the kingdom’s finances. Financial literacy as useful knowledge in late-medieval Aragon (1365-1515)
Authors: de la Torre Gonzalo Sandra
Published: May 2023

This paper’s primary research question is to what extent change in mechanisms and instruments of financial management proceeding from trading knowledge improved the efficiency of late-medieval poli-ties. To do so, we have examined a territorial state experience in medie-val Iberia. In the mid-14th century, Aragon designed its autonomous fiscal system managed by a kingdom’s finance. The new supra-local pol-ity made use of financial accounts to keep track of revenues and to ac-cess credit, which led to the refinement of documentary practice and monitoring methods. The analysis brings up the agency of a group of merchants that shaped the functioning of the Aragonese treasury from budgeting to tax collecting. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the increasing prominence of financial numeracy on institutional ac-countability and governance.
Round Table comment: From «useful knowledge» to a «culture of growth»
Authors: Denzel Markus A.
Published: May 2023

we can state that economically useful knowledge could induce innovations which further deepened and widened this economically useful knowledge; and this cycle was at least one of the decisive factors of raising profitability and, as a final con-sequence, of economic growth becoming obvious in the industrial evolutions in different European and later also non-European countries. To say it more clearly: Innovations did influence economic growth. Cultural and institutional processes, which generated knowledge and human capital, could influence the development of labour productivity. Knowledge did contribute to reduce risks in pre-industrial societies through information, communication, and resilience
AUTOPERCEPÇÃO DA SAÚDE BUCAL DE PACIENTES COM DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA E PERIODONTITE
Authors: Paseto Caroline Vidal , Izumi Gabriela Keiko , Mendes Reila Tainá , Sviercowski Janaina Marielen Bandeira , Hauser Aline Borsato , Dirshnabel Acir José , Costa Rafael Fiorese , Machado Maria Ângela Naval
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar por meio do Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) a autopercepção da condição de saúde bucal e a condição periodontal dos pacientes renais crônicos em diálise. Metodologia: O estudo foi transversal, caso-controle. Os participantes eram maiores de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos e responderam a questionários sobre os dados sociodemográficos, comorbidades, hábitos de higiene bucal e ao OHIP-14. Os parâmetros periodontais foram mensurados para calcular a Área de Superfície Periodontal Inflamada (PISA) e a Área de Superfície Periodontal Epitelial (PESA). Os testes utilizados foram: qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher; Shapiro-Wilk e Mann-Whitney; teste t; para comparar grupos. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 90 pacientes, 40 do grupo experimental e 50 do controle, dos quais 54 eram homens e 36 mulheres. A média de idade no grupo experimental foi de 47.88 ± 14.45 e no grupo controle foi de 43.38 ± 15.56 (p=0.015). O escore total do Ohip-14 foi de 8.51±6.24 (DRC) e 7.94 ± 7.40 (controle) (p=0.32). Não houve correlação entre PISA e os domínios do OHIP para ambos os grupos. O grupo DRC apresentou pior condição periodontal em comparação ao controle quanto à presença e severidade (estágio) da periodontite (p<0.0001), índice de placa visível (p=0.0002), número de dentes perdidos (p<0.0001) e o PISA (p=0.0003). Conclusão: A autopercepção da saúde bucal de doentes renais crônicos não diferiu de indivíduos sem complicações renais. No entanto, a condição periodontal de pacientes em dialise foi consideravelmente pior.
EVALUATION OF HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND CARDIOPULMONARY PARAMETERS IN GOATS UNDERGOING ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY USING TOTAL INTRAVENOUS ANAESTHESIA
Authors: Farooq A.A. , Khan M.A. , Akbar H , Ashraf M , Murtaza S , Shah M.H. , Saleem M.U. , Javaid M.A.
Published: May 2023

This research was done to identify the usefulness of clinico-physiological and haematobiochemical effects of total intravenous anaesthesia affected by combination of diazepam-propofol-ketamine with constant rate of infusion in goats undergoing orthopedic surgery (bone plating). Five goats having metatarsal and metacarpal fracture were included in the study. The animals were sedated with diazepam @ 0.25 mg/kg inducted with ketamine and propofol at the dose rate of 2.0 mg/kg each and maintained with diazepam, ketamine and propofol at the dose rate of 0.02 mg/kg/hr, 2.40 mg/kg/hr and 0.96 mg/kg/hr, respectively after using volumetric syringe driving pump. The clinico-physiological and haematobiochemical parameters of above said animals were recorded at 0 min before sedation (baseline), 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after induction of anaesthesia (Indoor Surgery Clinic, Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan). A score of (1.00±0.00) for the anesthetic parameters was observed, indicating a smooth induction, good muscular relaxation, and easy recovery at various time intervals following therapy compared to baseline before induction: the heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen haemoglobin saturation were substantially different (p<0.05). Throughout the observation period, there were non-significant differences in the packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, leukocyte, granulocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts (p>0.05). At various points during the observation period: the levels of serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and cortisol varied considerably (p>0.05) in comparison to 0 minutes (the baseline) prior to the induction of anesthesia. It was determined that goats underwent complete intravenous anaesthesia caused by a mixture of diazepam, propofol, and ketamine.
Key Words: Anaesthesia, small ruminants, constant rate infusion, bone platting
ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE AND BIOCONTROL AGENTS OF FALL ARMYWORM SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (JE SMITH, 1797) (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) ON MAIZE IN SOUTHERN OF BENIN REPUBLIC
Authors: M.Adjaoke Abissi , Yotto G.T. , Adandodon A
Published: May 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797) prefer maize over a diverse range of host plants threatening food security in West Africa. Since the invasion of S. frugiperda in Africa in 2016, farmers have developed different pest management strategies including the use of pesticides from various sources which may prove dangerous to humans’ health and environment. In order to devise integrated pest management knowledge of damage incidence in ecological zones and respectively associated natural enemies is needed. Survey was carried out in different agroecological zones including "lar land zone (ZAE 6), depression zone (ZAE 7) and fisheries zone (ZAE 8) of maize production in southern Benin during June to October, 2019. A total of 1350 larvae and 26 egg masses of S. frugiperda were collected by sampling 60 untreated fields of maize crops from 20 locations. An average of 120 eggs were counted in total or each egg mass. The results showed different levels of pest damage upto 100% plants devastated by the attack of the pest. Natural enemies were brought in the laboratory for identification. The parasitism rate was 3.35 %. The parasitoids identified from Hymenoptera were Cotesia icipe Fernandez-Triana & Fiaboe, Chelonus bifoveolatus (Szépligeti), Telenomus remus Nixon, Charops Sp., Pristomerus pallidus (Kriechbaumer) with overall parasitism of 3.33. The predators belonged to the families-Coccinellidae [Coccinella septempunctata], Forficulidae [Forficula senegalensis (Serville)] and Formicidae [Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius), Lasius niger (Linnaaeus)]. The most abundant predators were from Formicidae (94%), followed by Coccinellidae (3.67%) and Forficulidae (1.84%). Minor predators (0.57%) of different such other families as Mantidae, Reduviidae (Rhynocoris sp.) and Pentatomidae were also collected from the fields. The higher damage level and the abundance natural enemies were observed in the depression zone 7.
Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda, damage, parasitoids, predators, biological control
Role of Local Sago Food in Realizing Food Security of Sago Farmers in Lasolo District North Konawe Regency in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Limi Muhammad Aswar , Fyka Samsul Alam
Published: May 2023

This study seeks to determine the food security status of sago farmers in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency, during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the function of Sago in achieving food security for sago farmers in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency, during the Covid-19 pandemic. From August to September 2021, this research was conducted in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency. This study's population consisted of 20 sago producers. Using the census technique, the researchers sampled the entire population of sago producers in the Lasolo District. The household food security survey instrument developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) was utilized for this study's analysis. The results indicated that 50% of sago producers in the Lasolo District had a marginal food security status, 30% had a low food security status, and 30% were deficient. At the same time, there were no food-secure households—high-calorie foods. Upon categorization into two categories, each sago farmer falls at the 50 percentile for food security and food insecurity. The previous year, sago producers in the Lasolo District consumed Sago as a staple diet. In the past week, 80 percent of Sago local foods were finished with a frequency of three to four days. This demonstrates that Sago plays a crucial role in ensuring the food security of sago producers in the Lasolo District, particularly those who are food insecure.
Aplikasi Virtual Tour 360° Sebagai Media Pengenalan Desa Wisata Edukasi Kopi Cupunagara, Subang
Authors: Rani Sherinatasha Firmansyah , Vanessa Vanessa , Rhapsodio Syifa Younna , Noor Any Ariani
Published: May 2023

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic problem which indirectly limits people's physical activities, this has resulted in a drastic decrease in the volume of people and goods. The use of the Virtual Tour 360 ° application technology can be used to overcome promotional problems due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as be a positive value and alternative for the field of work. The Virtual Tour 360 ° application itself is a simulation of a real location consisting of several videos and photographic media, to provide the experience of visiting a location just by looking at the monitor screen. The design of this virtual tour application idea requires support from various parties, especially local governments, managers and application developers so that it can be implemented and released properly. With this idea, it is hoped that it can become an additional means of traveling for tourists and introduce desa wisata edukasi Kopi Cupunagara easily, quickly, and relevant.

Keywords: Virtual Tour 360°, Educational Tourism Village Kopi Cupunagara, Promotion
Evaluasi Kinerja Konsultan terhadap Manajemen pada Pekerjaan Ruas Jalan Lambaro - Pidie
Authors: Fatimah Aldina , Habibie Teuku , Hayati Kemala , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: May 2023

The development project on the Lambaroe-Pidie national road is expected to be carried out according to plan. This can be realized with the role of a team of Project Management Consultants within the Aceh National Road Implementation Center who carry out construction management including implementation and control in program preparation, technical planning, construction implementation and supervision, quality control, service and supply of materials and equipment. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the factors that determine the effective performance of consultants and evaluate the performance indicators of consultants on management on the Lambaroe-Pidie national road section. The research method is a mixed method, which is a method that combines qualitative and quantitative methods. The sampling technique used is quotas. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to the owner, project officer, PT. Citra Diecona, Contractors and Technical Assistance Team (Bantek) with a total of 13 respondents. Questionnaire tests include validity tests and reliability tests. Based on the results of the study, the validity test obtained a value of Rcount > Rtable with a value of 0.552, this indicates that the question item is valid. In the reliability test, a value of 0.694 was obtained, this indicated that the respondents' answers were reliable. Based on the results of the descriptive analysis the initiative variable (X5) has the highest value of 4.692, this explains that the respondents are very satisfied with the consultant's performance on the initiative aspect. The ability to communicate (X2) has the lowest value with a mean value of 4.369. although this variable has the lowest mean, the results of the study show that respondents are satisfied with the consultant's performance on the communication aspect. The evaluation of the consultant's performance on management on the Lambaro - Pidie road section has met the road performance indicators in accordance with the 2017 Public Works Regulations concerning road performance indicators on management on the Lambaro - Pidie National Road section.
DECAPITACIONES MAZORQUERAS: UNA INTERPRETACIÓN LACANIANA
Authors: Sorbille Martin
Published: May 2023

En base a Freud y Lacan, se analiza cómo el efecto siniestro producido por la amenaza al ‘degollamiento’ en “El matadero” (1871) de Esteban Echeverría y Amalia (1851-55) de José Mármol es la causa ontológica del horror gótico que atraviesa las narrativas. Ello ocurre porque la decapitación evoca la “castración simbólica” qua trauma (funda)mental del sujeto (la pérdida del goce corporal-libidinal causada por el lenguaje). El descabezamiento indica que algo secreto de la condición humana, que debió permanecer oculto, al ser revelado, invade la existencia psíquica. Esta emoción, que descentra el cogito cartesiano, apuntala la configuración de la estética del horror gótico.
PARADOJAS DEL ANTIESCLAVISMO ILUSTRADO:
CANCROS SOCIAS
(1866) Y LA INTERVENCIÓN DE LA MUJER EN EL DEBATE ABOLICIONISTA BRASILEÑO
Authors: Dornelles Alejandra Aguilar
Published: May 2023

Este ensayo ubica
Cancros socias
(1866), de Maria Angélica Ribeiro (1829-1880) en el contexto del debate antiesclavista brasileño sugiriendo que la autora entrelaza hábilmente una prédica nacionalista con un cuestionamiento a la trata esclavista feminizando la figura del “señor benevolente”. Al poner en escena a una mujer ilegalmente esclavizada que expone libremente sus ideas y toma decisiones de manera autónoma, la pieza de Ribeiro espectaculariza una ciudadanía femenina “en acción” planteando la integración de los afrodescendientes a la conformación de una nación fraterna. Concluyo proponiendo que
Cancros sociais
constituye una valiosa reflexión sobre la estigmatización social asociada a la racialización y feminización de la subordinación a través de un cuestionamiento a los límites y significados de la libertad en una sociedad esclavista.
Measuring the Vortex−Nucleus Pinning Force from Pulsar Glitch Rates
Authors: Melatos A. , Millhouse M.
Published: May 2023

Superfluid vortex avalanches are one plausible cause of pulsar glitch activity. If they occur according to a state-dependent Poisson process, the measured long-term glitch rate is determined by the spin-down rate of the stellar crust,

Ω
̇

c

, and two phenomenological parameters quantifying the vortex−nucleus pinning force: a crust−superfluid angular velocity lag threshold, X
cr, and a reference unpinning rate, λ
0. A Bayesian analysis of 541 glitches in 177 pulsars, with N

g
≥ 1 events per pulsar, yields

X

cr

=

0.15

−
0.04

+
0.09

rad

s

−
1

,

λ

ref

=

7.6

−
2.6

+
3.7

×

10

−
8

s

−
1

, and

a
=
−

0.27

−
0.03

+
0.04

assuming the phenomenological rate law λ
0 = λ
ref[τ/(1 yr)]
a
, where τ denotes the characteristic spin-down age. The results are broadly similar, whether one includes or excludes quasiperiodic glitch activity, giant glitches, or pulsars with N

g
= 0, up to uncertainties about the completeness of the sample and the total observation time per pulsar. The X
cr and λ
0 estimates are consistent with first-principles calculations based on nuclear theory, e.g., in the semiclassical local density approximation.
Insect fauna including unrecorded species in Ulleungdo, South Korea
Authors: Won Min Hyeok , Choi Jae Won , Bang WooJun , Lee DongYeol , Moon Min Ki , Kim Young-Kun , Kim Donguk , Kim Dooyoung , Suh Sang Jae , Choi Kwang Shik
Published: May 2023

Ulleungdo harbours a unique ecosystem owing to its isolation from the mainland alongside its maritime climate. The island, formed via volcanic activity, is the largest island in the East Sea of Korea and retains a primeval forest. The ecosystems are being destroyed owing to increasing human activity on the island. Therefore, through the investigation of the insect fauna of Ulleungdo, we tried to provide information that can be the basis for understanding the island ecology of Ulleungdo. This survey was conducted four times between April and October in 2020 at Seonginbong.

The findings of the survey regarding insect fauna at Seonginbong, Ulleungdo included 10 orders, 105 families, 216 genera and 212 species, of which 12 families, two subfamilies, 13 genera and 74 species were previously unrecorded. The data have been registered in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF; www.GBIF.org).
Design, docking, MD simulation and in-silco ADMET prediction studies of novel indole-based benzamides targeting estrogen receptor alfa positive for effective breast cancer therapy
Authors: Warude Bhagyashri J. , Wagh Sandip N. , Chatpalliwar Vivekanda A. , Yildirim Merve , Celik Ismail , Rudrapal Mithun , Khan Johra , Chinnam Sampath , Garud Aniket A. , Neharkar Vishnu S.
Published: May 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women, afflicting millions of lives each year. Our current study suggests that the development of the most promising 7-substituted -1-(4-(piperidine-1-yl methoxy)benzyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide derivatives results in potent anticancer agents through in-silico investigations. The molecular docking was performed against estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) positive (PDB ID: 3UUD) of breast cancer cells to anticipate the binding modes of the designed compounds and the likely mode of action. The interactions between the ligands and amino acid residues were thoroughly elucidated. The stability of the docked protein-ligand complexes was further confirmed by 100 ns molecular simulations methods. From in-silico studies, indole-based benzamides exhibited satisfactory physicochemical, drug-likeness and toxicity properties. To conclude, the most promising substituted benzamide analogs on the indole ring could serve as a possible modulator against ER-α positive breast cancer.
Quand les bailleurs de fonds doivent se positionner face aux États-Unis : le cas de l’aide au planning familial
Authors: Ferrière Nathalie
Published: May 2023

L’aide internationale au planning familial est dominée par un bailleur de fonds, les États-Unis, dont l’allocation dépend de débats nationaux autour de l’avortement. Cet article examine comment les autres donateurs ajustent leur financement en réaction. Codes JEL : C26, F35, I15, I18, J13, O15.
Résistance et abolition de l’esclavage au Brésil
Authors: Seyler François , Silve Arthur
Published: May 2023

Les intérêts de l’élite propriétaire et des populations en situation d’esclavage ont tous deux joué un rôle dans l’abolition de l’esclavage au Brésil en 1888. Une nouvelle base de données des votes au Parlement nous permet de quantifier ce phénomène. Codes JEL : J47, O54.
Guerres indirectes : pourquoi les États soutiennent-ils des rébellions à l’étranger ?
Authors: Mercier Marion , Silve Arthur , Tremblay-Auger Benjamin
Published: May 2023

De nombreux conflits civils voient un ou plusieurs État(s) tiers soutenir un groupe rebelle belligérant. Nous montrons que ces soutiens peuvent s’expliquer par un mécanisme de construction de réputation de l’État interventionniste sur la scène internationale. Codes JEL : F51, D74.
Concilier vie professionnelle et aide à un proche dépendant : les dispositifs publics et conventionnels de soutien aux aidants en emploi
Authors: Trenta Arnaud
Published: May 2023

Si des congés et d’autres mesures favorisant la conciliation entre vie professionnelle et aide font partie de l’éventail des mesures publiques pour soutenir les proches aidants, ces dernières sont souvent considérées comme relativement embryonnaires. Les régulations conventionnelles (accords de branche ou d’entreprise) ont, dans certains cas, prévu des accords plus ambitieux permettant l’extension des droits communs et la mise en place de dispositifs innovants. Après avoir souligné les contraintes et les besoins qui pèsent sur les aidants en activité professionnelle, cet article rappelle les dispositifs légaux du droit du travail et rend compte des grandes tendances en matière de régulation conventionnelle en lien avec les régulations légales. Les innovations réelles mais isolées mettent en évidence l’évolution des besoins et des termes du débat, et la capacité des parties prenantes à formuler des accords.
Place des proches aidants dans les systèmes de protection sociale : le cas français au regard des autres pays européens
Authors: Le Bihan Blanche
Published: May 2023

Longtemps considéré comme une affaire strictement familiale relevant de la sphère privée, l’investissement des proches auprès des personnes âgées ou en situation de handicap est aujourd’hui une priorité de l’agenda politique. Dans un contexte budgétaire contraint, on constate en effet, en France comme dans l’ensemble des pays européens, une (re)mobilisation des familles dans les politiques sociales et le développement de politiques dites « d’aide aux aidantes et aux aidants » qui s’adressent directement aux proches qui accompagnent leur(s) parent(s) ou enfant(s) vulnérable(s). Ces politiques s’organisent autour de trois types de mesures – mesures de compensation, de conciliation et d’accompagnement au rôle d’aidant – dont la combinaison spécifique et l’inscription dans un contexte politique préexistant nourrissent les formes du familialisme dans le pays concerné. Comment situer la France dans le contexte européen de ce point de vue ?
Risk aversion in share auctions: Estimating import rents from TRQs in Switzerland
Authors: Häfner Samuel
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzes risk aversion in discriminatory share auctions. I generalize the
k‐step share auction model of Kastl (2011, 2012) and establish that marginal profits are set‐identified for any given coefficient of constant absolute risk aversion. I also derive necessary conditions for best‐response behavior, which allows determining risk preferences from bidding data. Further, I show how the bidders' optimality conditions allow computing bounds on the marginal profits that are tighter than those currently available. I use my results to estimate import rents from Swiss tariff‐rate quotas on high‐quality beef. Rents are overestimated when ignoring risk aversion, and rent extraction is underestimated. Small bidders (small, privately owned butcheries) are more risk averse than large bidders (general retailers). Best response violations are few and uniform across bidder sizes.
Torsion of a huge subserosal uterine leiomyoma: A challenging case of acute abdomen
Authors: Dhillon Mankirat S. , Garg Anju , Sehgal Apoorva , Bhasin Sangeeta
Published: May 2023

Torsion of a uterine leiomyoma is an extremely rare, albeit life-threatening surgical emergency. A 28-year-old woman presented with acute abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a torsed subserosal uterine leiomyoma which was managed surgically and the diagnosis confirmed intraoperatively as well as on histopathology.Contribution: While intraoperative findings remain the primary means of diagnosis, radiologists should be familiar with the potential imaging findings of leiomyoma torsion as timely intervention can greatly improve patient outcome.
Fulminant Paraquat Poisoning Leading to Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum: A Rare but Catastrophic Complication
Authors: Aggarwal Jyoti , Lamba Amtoj Singh , Gaba Saurabh , Gupta Monica , Jindal Mohit
Published: May 2023

Paraquat (PQ) is a liquid herbicide commercially traded under the name “Gramoxone.” Human ingestion is uncommon but often fatal. Toxicity of PQ is mediated by the generation of reactive oxygen species which damages cell membranes. Apart from local corrosive damage to the gastrointestinal system, the lungs, liver, and kidneys bear the maximum damage. Rarely, PQ may present as spontaneous pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum or both. Herein, we present a case of fatal PQ poisoning where the patient developed pneumomediastinum on the 9th day with multiorgan dysfunction leading to his demise on 12th day. We also take this opportunity to briefly describe the pathogenesis of lung toxicity, the clinical manifestations, and various treatment strategies being explored in the different parts of the world, as no specific antidote is available till date.
A Case Series: Artery of Percheron Syndrome Revisited
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Sohail , Omojowolo Olubunmi , Shrourou Ahmad Mohamed Walid , Ribeiro Nuno Pedro Lobato , Ghosh Kaushik
Published: May 2023

The artery of Percheron is an uncommon anatomical variant that was first described in 1973 by a French neurologist called Gerard Percheron. Stroke due to occlusion of this anatomical variant artery may present with diagnostic challenges. Here, we are sharing our experience in four cases with variable outcomes. This may add our knowledge to existing literature.
Uncommon Cause of Pain Abdomen in an End-Stage Renal Disease Patient on Hemodialysis
Authors: Akal Ramanjit Singh , Jha Vijoy Kumar , Yadav Deep , Sikarwar Ramendra Singh
Published: May 2023

Pain abdomen is an unusual symptom in an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient, and the causes of the same have not been clearly defined. The causes may be related to advanced azotemia causing esophagitis, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease or pressure-related pain due to polycystic kidney disease. The causes may be totally unrelated to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may present due to surgical causes such as cholelithiasis, appendicitis, diverticulitis, acute mesenteric ischemia, and others. We report an unusual case of pain abdomen in an 11-year-old child of CKD on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) who presented with recent onset left-sided hypochondriac pain and swelling. His contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showed a large hydatid cyst in the spleen, and the patient underwent partial cystectomy for the same. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful. There are only a few case reports of isolated splenic hydatid cyst reported from India, but to the best of our knowledge, the same has never been reported in a child with CKD on MHD making it an unusual cause of pain abdomen in ESRD patients.
Exploring the Role of WhatsApp in Strengthening the Delivery of Medical Education and Clinical Teaching
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: May 2023

The training imparted to medical students during their undergraduation period has to be multifaceted to ensure that upon the completion of the training, we succeed in producing competent medical graduates. The purpose of the current review was to explore the utility of WhatsApp in the delivery of medical education and clinical teaching. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed search engine, and a total of 14 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include social media, WhatsApp, and medical education in the title alone only. WhatsApp is the instant messaging applications, and with time, it has been observed that it has become an integral part of the community of medical students worldwide. Utilizing the medium of WhatsApp can prove to be an effective approach to bridge the existing gap between teachers and students predominantly because of the flexibility, instant messaging, and sharing additional information with the students for additional reading. To conclude, the delivery of medical education has shown significant transformation over the years to meet the needs of learners. Acknowledging the potential of WhatsApp, its user-friendly nature, and its popularity among medical students, it is very much necessary to utilize the medium for the delivery of the curriculum beyond college hours and at their time of convenience.
Sulfasalazine-Induced Reaction Cascade
Authors: Saha Kaustav , Mukherjee Shatavisa
Published: May 2023

Sulfasalazine, a relatively well-tolerated, disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drug has been reported to be associated with hepatic and cutaneous adverse events, in addition to its common adverse effect profile. The present case reports a reaction cascade involving hepatic, ocular, and cutaneous reaction in a female patient secondary to her sulfasalazine use. The report highlights the importance of multidisciplinary teamwork in the treatment and adverse event management in these cases, to help patients with better and safer treatment outcomes.
Erythematous ulcero-proliferative exophytic lesion in an oral squamous cell carcinoma patient- An unusual case of Trichosporonosis
Authors: Kesavachandran Umamaheswari , Kumar C Arun
Published: May 2023

The emergence of non-Candida yeast infections in humans has been increasingly recognized over the last decades. Trichosporon is the third most isolated non-candidal yeast in patients with an impaired immune system. We report a rare case of Trichosporon asahii causing erythematous oral lesion in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma. Our case highlights the occurrence of unusual yeast pathogens in patients with cancer with typical clinical presentations and warrants suspicion of fungal etiology to prevent misdiagnosis of trichosporonosis.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of green tea mouth rinse on oral halitosis, tongue coating, and plaque accumulation in comparison with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse – A double-blind randomized control trial
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Chandrashekar Byalakere Rudraiah , Mruthunjaya Kenganura , Bhaskar Vivek
Published: May 2023

Background:

Green tea (Camellia
sinensis) mouth rinse is found effective in reducing periodontitis. However, studies evaluating the effectiveness of green tea extracts in reducing oral halitosis and tongue coating on Indian population were scanty.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of green tea-based mouth rinse in comparison with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse in reducing dental plaque, tongue coating, and halitosis among human volunteers.

Materials and Methods:

This was a parallel-arm double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in two residential hostels in Mysuru city over 21 days. 90 adult participants were recruited and randomized into three groups: Group A: mouth rinse containing saline, Group B: 5% C. sinensis mouth rinse, and Group C: 0.2% chlorhexidine diluted to with equal quantity of water. Preintervention prophylaxis was done; tongue coating and oral halitosis scores were recorded and compared between the groups at baseline and after 21 days.

Results:

The mean plaque buildup at postintervention was highest in Group 1 (2.45 ± 0.38) followed by Group 3 (1.18 ± 0.12) and Group 2 (1.08 ± 0.11) in the descending order. The mean oral halitosis score was highest in Group 1 (3.00 ± 0.79) followed by Group 3 (1.53 ± 0.50) and Group 2 (1.50 ± 0.50) in the descending order. The mean tongue coating score was highest in Group 1 (1.17 ± 0.47) followed by Group 2 (0.75 ± 0.36) and Group 3 (0.69 ± 0.34) in the descending order.

Conclusion:

Five percent C. sinensis mouth rinse is as effective as commercially available 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing plaque deposition, tongue coating, and oral halitosis.
The Potential Use of ChatGPT for Debugging and Bug Fixing
Authors: Haque Md. Asraful , Li Shuai
Published: May 2023

ChatGPT is a cutting-edge language model that has been making waves in the field of natural language processing. However, its capabilities extend far beyond language-based applications. ChatGPT can also be used as a powerful tool for debugging software code. As software applications become increasingly complex, the need for efficient and accurate debugging tools has become more pressing. ChatGPT's ability to analyze and understand code makes it a promising solution to this challenge. Debugging is a critical part of the software development process. Bugs, or errors in code, can have serious consequences for the functionality and security of software applications. Identifying and fixing bugs can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, requiring the expertise of experienced developers. ChatGPT has the potential to streamline this process and make it more accessible to a wider range of developers, regardless of their experience level. In this article, we will explore the capabilities of ChatGPT as a debugging tool, the advantages and limitations of using it, and best practices for integrating it into the software development workflow.
Design of Spoken English Teaching Based on Artificial Intelligence Educational Robots and Wireless Network Technology
Authors: Binbin Liu  , Zhen Lu
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The use of AI in education can give students a more engaging learning environment and boost their motivation, and it also represents a continuation of research into the problem of human individuality in the modern era.Objectives: This paper examines the challenge of human individuality in Artificial intelligence with the Capsule network (CapsNet) scheme from two vantage points: the practical need to address issues that have arisen with the latest wave of AI advancements and a philosophical examination of how AI has already been put to use in a variety of industries.Methodology: This article investigates the new Internet spoken English teaching method, describing its benefits and providing solutions to its drawbacks, and it describes in detail how wireless technology will be implemented into online spoken English teaching. The technology provides visual representations of each stage of the gesture recognition process to aid learning. The interactive interface guides students through the gesture recognition system using computer vision applications, allowing them to encounter it firsthand; then, the sophisticated and abstract action recognition method is described with a representational illustration, which is helpful for students in elementary and secondary school to gain a more thorough understanding of and develop their capacity for logical reasoning. This will benefit students at elementary and secondary levels because it will help them think more critically and thoroughly. As a final step, we devise an experiment to compare the results of using our CapsNet method to acquire AI knowledge with those of more conventional learning strategies. Results: Experimental findings were analyzed to demonstrate that this approach is useful for acquiring CapsNet and AI and that it increases users' motivation to study and their practical competence.
Land Cover Change as a Proxy of Changes in Wildlife Distribution and Abundance in Tarangire-Simanjiro-Lolkisale-Mto wa Mbu Ecosystem
Authors: Anthony Thobias , Shaban Nyimvua , Nahonyo Cuthbert
Published: May 2023

This study analyzed the land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 2000 to 2020 and examined its influence on wildlife distribution and abundance. LULC from satellite imagery for 2000, 2012 and 2020 were acquired from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Supervised classification along with a maximum likelihood algorithm was used to classify satellite imagery into eight LULC classes: bareland, woodland, wetland, shrubland, grassland, waterbodies, cropland and built-up land. The results showed that grassland, wetland and woodland had declined, while shrubland, cropland and built-up land increased from 2000 to 2020. Grassland, wetland and woodland decreased from 48.1%, 14.1% and 4.4% in 2000 to 19.5%, 10.3% and 2.5% in 2020, respectively. Shrubland, cropland and built-up land expanded from 14.8%, 1.9% and 0.0% in 2000 to 39.0%, 17.2% and 1.9% in 2020, respectively. The findings suggest that the decline in grassland, wetland and woodland had affected terrestrial vertebrate species and their habitats through wildlife habitat destruction and land degradation leading to the changes in the wild animals’ abundance and distribution. The research highlights the need for continuous monitoring and reporting of land use and land cover changes and its effects on wildlife distribution and abundance.

Keywords:    Biodiversity change, Land use and land cover change, Wildlife habitat, Tarangire-Simanjiro
First data about movements and threats of Rüppell's Vultures (Gyps rueppellii) tagged in Morocco: an international and multi-institutional study.
Authors: Garrido Jose Rafael , El Khamlichi Rachid , Amhaouch Zouhair , Martín Justo , Iglesias-Lebrija Juan Jose , Álvarez Ernesto , Moraleda Virginia , Ferrer Miguel , Florencio Carlos , Fajardo Iñigo , Benitez Jose Ramón , Bautista Jesús , Clavero Helena , Numa Catherine
Published: May 2023

The Rüppell's Vulture (Gyps rueppelli) is listed as ‘Critically Endangered’ at the global and regional levels in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. A multi-institutional collaboration to fit 13 vultures with GPS transmitters in northern Morocco was launched to get information on their movements and threats along the flyway, both to the north and the south of the Sahara. Preliminary results from individuals released in November 2021 indicate a low survival rate during the wintering period in Morocco and on the return journey to the Sahel, which is usually attempted by Rüppell's Vultures with large groups of migratory birds, especially Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus). Of the group of tagged individuals, only four birds travelled definitely in a southwards direction, apparently migrating. Two of those have died, with one presumed to have starved in the Algerian desert, and another one presumed to have been killed by human persecution in The Gambia. A third individual was captured by local people in Mauritania and it is unknown what happened thereafter. One bird remains alive in Senegal at the time of writing. For the birds that did not disperse far after being fitted with transmitters, a relatively high number of fatalities seems to confirm that threats to the species are prevalent in Morocco: one bird died after being struck by a wind turbine; one was electrocuted by a power line; and two suffered from starvation and weakness. Birds remaining close to the release area fed mainly at a vulture feeding station or at rubbish dumps, which may indicate that there is a lack of food available in the wider surroundings. Five vultures originally fitted with transmitters are still alive in North Africa at the time of writing.
The pursuit of ‘net-zero by 2060’: a ‘silver bullet’ for China’s energy security dilemma?
Authors: Yuan Cynthia
Published: May 2023

As a rapidly emerging economy that has developed an increasing reliance on fossil fuel imports due to energy demand outstripping its ability to generate supply, the People’s Republic of China’s (hereinafter, ‘China’) energy security challenges have been persistent and ongoing. Over the years, China has sought to address these energy security risks through various strategies, from diversification to self-sufficiency, and energy conservation. None of these strategies have proven to be a panacea to solving China’s energy security dilemma. The key issue examined in this article is how China’s pursuit of carbon neutrality, bolstered through its recent announcement of a target of net-zero emissions by 2060, will have impacts on the ongoing energy security challenges faced by China’s energy systems. By analysing the true relationship between the two objectives of ‘energy security’ and ‘emissions reductions’, this article seeks to test whether energy security is in fact a ‘bottleneck restricting sustainable economic and social development’. Through an in-depth examination of the legislative and policy instruments which govern the transformation of China’s energy grid, this article posits that the characterization of the energy security and emissions reduction as dichotomous is antiquated. The pursuit of net-zero by 2060, through decreasing China’s overreliance on fossil fuel imports and increasing the diversity of energy sources within the energy mix to encompass more non-fossil fuel sources, has the potential to be the ‘silver bullet’ to China’s energy security challenges.