bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA DEL AROMA DE TALLOS Y FRUTOS DE Rhipsalis baccifera (J. Miller) Stearn
Authors: Bautista-San Juan Adriana , Cibrián-Tovar Juan , Salomé-Abarca Luis F. , Soto-Hernández R. Marcos , De la Cruz-De la Cruz Emigdio
Published: April 2020

Rhipsalis baccifera es una planta epífita que pertenece a la familia de las cactáceas. En México se usa para tratar problemas de salud como pérdida de cabello, diabetes y fracturas. No existen investigaciones sobre su actividad biológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la fracción aromática de R. baccifera. Los compuestos no volátiles y volátiles de R. baccifera se aislaron por extracción en disolvente orgánico, hidrodestilación, aireación dinámica y microextracción en fase sólida, y se analizaron por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas. Se encontraron metabolitos secundarios como taninos, alcaloides y saponinas los cuales presentaron diferentes ubicaciones entre órganos. El análisis del extracto obtenido por hidrodestilación mostró la presencia de aldehídos, alcoholes, cetonas, monoterpenos, ácidos y alcanos. La aireación dinámica demostró que la composición volátil de tallos y frutos es diferente entre ambos órganos. Con esta técnica se detectaron metabolitos tales como cetonas, alcoholes, alcanos, monoterpenos, compuestos aromáticos y un éster. Incluso con variaciones en sus composiciones específicas, en ambos órganos, el D-limoneno fue el componente principal de la composición de ambos órganos, con 47.34 y 18.8 %, respectivamente. R. baccifera tiene metabolitos secundarios que pueden sustentar su gama de actividades biológicas.
INDICADORES PRELIMINARES DE MADUREZ FISIOLÓGICA Y COMPORTAMIENTO POSTCOSECHA DEL FRUTO DE AGUACATE MÉNDEZ
Authors: Herrera-González Juan A. , Salazar-García Samuel , Martínez-Flores Héctor E. , Ruiz-García Jessica E.
Published: April 2020

El aguacate (Persea americana) Méndez tiene gran importancia económica en México, porque gran parte de su cosecha anual se realiza entre junio y septiembre, periodo de poca disponibilidad de fruto de Hass. Aunque la producción y exportación de Méndez se ha incrementado en los últimos años, se desconocen los requisitos mínimos de calidad, como los existentes en Hass. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar algunos parámetros de calidad, a la cosecha y en postcosecha, de frutos producidos por la floración de verano-otoño de los aguacates Hass y Méndez en Michoacán. La madurez fisiológica se determinó mediante el comportamiento postcosecha de frutos cosechados en muestreos quincenales de mayo a agosto. En madurez fisiológica se cuantificó la respiración y producción de etileno en frutos refrigerados (5.5 ± 2 ºC y 90 ± 5 % HR) por 0, 7, 14 y 28 d. La madurez fisiológica fue diferente (P ≤ 0.05) entre los dos cultivares y se alcanzó 10 meses después de floración, Hass mostró 21.1 % de materia seca en la pulpa (MS) y Méndez con 22.7 %. Aunque la longitud de los frutos de ambos cultivares fue similar, el diámetro ecuatorial fue mayor en Méndez (6.72 cm) que en Hass (6.42 cm). El comportamiento postcosecha de Méndez en términos de cambio de color de la piel, producción de etileno, velocidad de respiración, días a madurez de consumo y pérdida de peso del fruto; así como en color, olor, sabor y textura de la pulpa fue similar al de Hass cuando los frutos de ambos cultivares fueron cosechados en madurez fisiológica
VARIABILIDAD INDUCIDA EN CARACTERES FISIOLÓGICOS DE Physalis peruviana L. MEDIANTE RAYOS GAMMA 60Co APLICADOS A LA SEMILLA
Authors: Antúnez-Ocampo Oscar M. , Cruz-Izquierdo Serafín , Sandoval-Villa Manuel , Santacruz-Varela Amalio , Mendoza-Onofre Leopoldo E. , De la Cruz-Torres Eulogio , Peña-Lomelí Aureliano
Published: April 2020

La inducción de mutaciones es una alternativa para generar variabilidad genética en la naturaleza, o para incrementar la variabilidad genética en una población y obtener genotipos que pueden emplearse como progenitores en programas de fitomejoramiento. La uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) es una Solanacea cuyo fruto es una baya de sabor agridulce; cuyas semillas presentan germinación tardía. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los rayos gamma 60Co sobre características de germinación de la semilla y vigor de plantas de P. peruviana. El estudio se realizó en invernadero con cubierta de plástico UVII720, de agosto a octubre de 2015. Los tratamientos fueron 16 dosis de rayos gamma 60Co (Gy): 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300 y 350. El experimento se realizó en un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La radiación no afectó el porcentaje de germinación, ni el número de hojas, pero las plántulas de semillas irradiadas emergieron 8 d antes que el testigo; con 300 y 350 Gy la supervivencia fue menor a 50 %. Las plantas de semillas irradiadas con 125, 150, 200 y 225 Gy presentaron la mayor altura y diámetro de tallo. La mayor lectura SPAD y longitud de la raíz se observaron en las plantas testigo. La mayor longitud de entrenudo se tuvo con 125, 150, 175 y 200 Gy. Mediante la aplicación de rayos gamma 60Co pueden modificarse las características de la velocidad de germinación y algunas variables relacionadas con el establecimiento y vigor de las plantas de uchuva.
CARACTERÍSTICAS POMOLÓGICAS, CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y ÁCIDO ELÁGICO EN FRAMBUESA (Rubus idaeus L.)
Authors: Trujano-Fragoso Diana E. , Trinidad-Santos Antonio , López-Romero Rosa Ma. , Velasco-Cruz Ciro , Becerril-Román Alberto E. , Cortés-Penagos Consuelo de J.
Published: April 2020

El consumo de frutas y vegetales reduce el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, por su alto contenido de sustancias bioactivas. Durante 2013-2014 se cosecharon frutos de frambuesa (Rubus idaeus L.) cvs. Adelita, Erika, Lupita y Polka, en Michoacán y Jalisco, México, para determinar color (L*, a*, b*, C* y h*), firmeza, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), pH del jugo, capacidad antioxidante (CA) y concentración de ácido elágico (AE). Como resultado se encontró que todas las variables físicas y químicas, excepto CA, presentaron diferencias significativas para distintas épocas de cosecha. Se realizó un análisis de regresión para evaluar el efecto del promedio mensual de la temperatura (T) y la humedad relativa (HR) de los sitios, y se encontró que existe una relación positiva significativa entre la T promedio y SST, pH, AE y CA, pero negativa y significativa con AT. La HR sólo tuvo efecto negativo sobre las variables firmeza y SST. Se observaron diferencias significativas en la concentración de AE entre cultivares. Las frutas cosechadas en junio y octubre presentaron mayor concentración de AE. La mayor concentración de AE se encontró en Erika (3.69 μg g-1 de peso fresco de la fruta) y la menor concentración en Adelita (2.26 μg g-1). La capacidad antioxidante de todos los cultivares fue mayor a 60 %, que es aceptable en la neutralización de los radicales libres.
ESTIMULACIÓN DE LA GERMINACIÓN Y DESARROLLO in vitro DE Laelia autumnalis CON RAYOS GAMMA
Authors: Hernández-Muñoz Selene , Pedraza-Santos Martha E. , López Pedro A. , De La Cruz-Torres Eulogio , Martínez-Palacios Alejandro , Fernández-Pavía Sylvia P. , Chávez-Bárcenas Ana T.
Published: April 2020

La germinación natural de las semillas de la orquídea L. autumnalis es baja, porque requiere condiciones específicas del árbol hospedero y factores ambientales favorables. La germinación asimbiótica in vitro es un método de propagación eficiente; sin embargo, el desarrollo de las plántulas requiere de uno a dos años. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la radiación gamma 60Co para estimular la germinación de semillas y el desarrollo in vitro de plántulas de L. autumnalis. Se irradiaron 22 frutos a diferentes dosis (3 a 30 Gy, con intervalos de 3 Gy), además de un tratamiento sin irradiar utilizado como testigo. Las semillas se cultivaron en medio Murashige y Skoog sin fitohormonas. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con 16 a 32 repeticiones; la unidad experimental fue un frasco con 20 mg de semillas. A los cinco días y posteriormente cada 10 días se cuantificó el número de semillas en las etapas de imbibición, formación de protocormos fotosintéticos, protocormos en diferenciación, desarrollo de promeristemos, hojas y plántulas. Se realizó un análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey (α = 0.05). Las semillas irradiadas entre 3 y 15 Gy formaron 61 % más protocormos fotosintéticos que las semillas sin tratar. Las semillas irradiadas con 3, 15 y 18 Gy formaron 73 % más promeristemos. Todos los protocormos tratados con 3 Gy formaron hojas 60 días después de la siembra (dds); en contraste, sólo 12.5 % de las semillas no tratadas formaron hojas. El 66.5 % de las semillas tratadas con 15 Gy desarrollaron plántulas a los 80 dds. Se confirmó el efecto radioestimulante de la radiación gamma a dosis bajas; con 3 Gy se formaron promeristemos, hojas y plántulas completas 20, 20 y 10 días, respectivamente, antes que en el tratamiento control. La radiación a dosis superiores fue negativa al retrasar la germinación y el desarrollo de plántulas.
ECOLOGICAL AND GENETIC ADVANCES IN THE CULTIVATION OF TUBER SPP.
Authors: Zambonelli Alessandra , Leonardi Pamela , Iotti Mirco , Hall Ian
Published: April 2020

Recent advances on the ecology and genetics of true truffles (Tuber spp.) are reported and their impact on truffle cultivation is discussed. New insights have been gained on truffle soil ecology and interrelationships of truffles with associated microorganisms in the soil. For instance, some bacteria seem to play a key role in truffle fruiting body formation and maturation. However, the most important advance in truffle genetics over the past 20 years has been the sequencing of the Tuber melanosporum genome and the discovery that truffles, like other Pezizalean fungi, are heterothallic. This finding has had a significant impact on research on truffles and many studies have been devoted to better understanding the distribution of the mating types in soil in natural and cultivated truffières. The characterization of the mating type idiomorphs of several Tuber species has led to the possibility of selecting mycelial strains for truffle cultivation in particular sites.
EDIBLE WILD MUSHROOMS OF ETHIOPIA: NEGLECTED NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS
Authors: Dejene Tatek , Oria-de-Rueda Juan Andrés , Martín-Pinto Pablo
Published: April 2020

This review summarizes existing ethnomycological work in Ethiopia. Although the literature to which we had access were scanty and limited in their scope, comprehensive issues such as the culture of collection and use of edible wild mushrooms in the country are summarized. In this review, moreover, a check list of available wild edible and medicinal mushrooms and their niches are also documented. The review reveals that wild mushrooms are the most neglected non-timber forest products (NTFPs). They are poorly studied and undocumented in Ethiopia as compared to other NTFPs and their importance for the livelihood of the local communities is also overlooked. Recognition of this resource is also hampered by the lack of taxonomic studies; most of the species are simply known locally by the shared common name “Enguday”. Thus, this document can serve as baseline information and indicator for further studies to facilitate the wider use, promotion and conservation of wild mushrooms in Ethiopia.
ASPECTOS ETNOBOTÁNICOS, NUTRICIONALES Y ACTIVIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE EXTRACTOS DE FRUTOS DEL GÉNERO Bromelia
Authors: Meza-Espinoza Libier , García-Magaña Ma. de Lourdes , Vivar-Vera Ma. de los Ángeles , Sáyago-Ayerdi Sonia G. , Chacón-lópez Alejandra , Becerra-Verdín Eduardo M. , Muy-Rangel Ma. Dolores , Montalvo-González Efigenia
Published: April 2020

Las plantas del género Bromelia se distribuyen en América Latina, especialmente en las regiones del pacífico y Golfo de México; tienen usos diversos ya sea como plantas de ornato, plantas medicinales o alimento. Los frutos de estas especies son de tipo baya y se desarrollan constituyendo una infrutescencia de color amarillo o rosado de forma alargada u ovalada. Desde el punto de vista nutricional estos frutos tienen gran potencial ya que son buena fuente de minerales como calcio, potasio y fósforo; además, contienen vitamina C y son ricos en cisteína proteasas. Desde tiempos prehispánicos los frutos de estas especies se utilizaban en la medicina tradicional para tratar enfermedades respiratorias y trastornos del sistema urinario, entre otras. Hoy en día, las investigaciones demuestran que los extractos de la pulpa de frutos tienen actividad antimicrobiana, antihelmíntica, antitumoral y anti-inflamatoria, cuyos efectos son atribuidos a metabolitos secundarios (fenoles, saponinas terpenoides, etc.) y cisteína proteasas. Las enzimas proteolíticas caracterizadas en estos frutos son similares a las proteasas vegetales comerciales y pueden ser una alternativa potencial en la industria alimentaria y farmacéutica. En esta revisión se dan a conocer los usos etnobotánicos, características nutricionales, actividad biológica y estudios tecnológicos reportados en extractos de frutos del género Bromelia.
CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR Y PATOGÉNESIS DE Fusarium ASOCIADO AL AMARILLAMIENTO DEL TRIGO
Authors: Rangel-Castillo A. Eugenia , Valadez-Moctezuma Ernestina , Lozoya-Saldaña Héctor
Published: April 2020

El amarillamiento o madurez prematura del trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) es una enfermedad causada por un complejo de especies del género Fusarium que ataca cualquier parte de la planta. Este problema se ha reportado en diversos municipios del estado de Guanajuato, México desde el año 2000. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue aislar, caracterizar e identificar especies de Fusarium asociadas al amarillamiento del cultivo de trigo en ocho localidades de Guanajuato y cuantificar su patogenicidad. Se obtuvieron 116 aislamientos de diferentes órganos de plantas con síntomas que fueron caracterizados molecularmente con ITS-RFLP, ISSR e identificados con las secuencias del gen EF1-α. Los fragmentos RFLP de la región ITS y la técnica ISSR conformaron distintos agrupamientos. Las secuencias del gen EF1-α identificaron cercanamente a los aislamientos con las especies F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. oxysporum, F. thapsinum y F. andiyazi. Se observó gran amplitud de severidad en las pruebas de patogenicidad (de 2.2 a 39.7 %). La mayor agresividad se identificó en la cepa T5.10 (F. proliferatum), así como en efecto conjunto de las cepas R8.5 (F. proliferatum) y E5.3 (no identificada).
CULTUR RONGO-RONGO DISTRICK NAMLEA
Authors: HARZIKO
Published: April 2020

Rongorongo culture plays an important role in the economic life of the people of the island of hurry. This is what helps the community's economic wheels, especially in the traditional Namlea market. This study aims to examine the cultural characteristics of Rongongo in Namlea Village. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. A qualitative approach is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of people's written or spoken words and observable behavior. Qualitative approach has natural characteristics (Natural serfing) as a source of direct data, descriptive, process is more important than the results. Analysis in qualitative research tends to be done by inductive analysis and meanings are essential. The data of this study are the people who work as rongorongo in the Namlea market. The data source is the Rongongo workers. The results of the research show that the culture of rongo-rongo existed before the Kabuapaten hurry to bloom, this was influenced by the large number of people from outside the island of hurry inhabiting the island of hunt. Furthermore, in the development of this work, not all Rongongo workers can adapt to the environment. This is influenced by several factors, namely culture and income. Keywords: Rongo-Rongo, Buru Island
Is Newtonian gravitational constant – a quantized constant of microscopic quantum gravity?
Authors: UVS Seshavatharam , S Lakshminarayana
Published: April 2020

Considering the Newtonian gravitational constant as a quantized constant of microscopic quantum gravity, an attempt is made to fit its value in a verifiable approach with reference to three large atomic gravitational constants pertaining to weak, strong and electromagnetic interactions linked with a quantum relation, $G_x\approx \left(\frac{\hbar c}{m_x^2}\right)$. Estimated value seems to be 865 ppm higher than the recommended value.
ОСОБИСТІСНІ ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ КОНФЛІКТНОСТІ В ПІДЛІТКОВОМУ ВІЦІ
Authors: Камінська Ольга
Published: April 2020

Метою роботи є виявлення особистісних детермінант конфліктності в підлітковому віці. Постановка мети зумовлена актуальністю проблеми високої конфліктності в підлітковому віці, що вимагає здійснення подальших досліджень, завданням яких є аналіз чинників, що зумовлюють формування високої конфліктності та розробка рекомендацій щодо вироблення особистістю конструктивних форм поведінки в конфліктній ситуації. При проведені емпіричного дослідження було використано методику діагностики рівня конфліктності особистості(Ложкін, Пов’якель) та шістнадцятифакторний особистісний опитувальник Кеттелла. Встановлено, що особистісними детермінантами високої конфліктності є напруженість, низький самоконтроль, емоційна нестабільність, низька нормативність поведінки, підозрілість.Середній рівень конфліктності супроводжується домінуванням таких характеристик як сміливість, прямолінійність, нонконформізм. Разом з цим респондентів з низькою конфліктністю переважають такі риси як підпорядкованість, висока нормативність поведінки, несміливість, конформізм. При виникненні високої конфліктності, що супроводжуєтьсядеструктивними формами побудови взаємодії з оточуючими, провідним особистісним фактором є низька нормативність поведінки, що призводить до демонстрації індивідом жорстокості щодоінших.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ДІТЕЙ ПІДЛІТКОВОГО ВІКУ З ВАДАМИ ПСИХОФІЗИЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Коць Михайло , Давидюк Карина
Published: April 2020

У статті здійснено теоретичний аналіз та емпіричне дослідження соціального інтелекту дітей підліткового віку з вадами психофізичного розвитку. Соціальний інтелект вважається важливим процесом життєдіяльності людини, визначає розуміння і пізнання особистістю своїх та вчинків інших і діяльності в цілому. Саме соціальний інтелект дає змогу людині прогнозувати міжособистісні стосунки. У осіб з високорозвиненим соціальним інтелектом рівень стресостійкості та психологічної витривалості є значно вищим, тому їм легше приймати самостійні рішення в будь – яких ситуаціях, не боячись зазнати поразки. Рівень розвитку соціального інтелекту впливає на ефективність різноманітних систем та взаємозв’язків між людьми. Особливо актуальним це питання є для дітей з вадами психофізичного розвитку. Важливо зрозуміти – у чому полягають особливості їхнього соціального інтелекту з метою більш ефективної адаптації та соціалізації у суспільстві.

Кількісний і якісний аналіз результатів емпіричного дослідження соціального інтелекту дітей підліткового віку з психофізичними вадами розвитку показав, що у 77% показник соціального інтелекту нижче середнього рівня. У 3% показник соціального інтелекту низький, ще у 3% показник сягає середнього рівня та у 19% – вище середнього показника. Високого рівня інтелекту у діагностованих не виявлено.

Перспективами подальших розвідок вважаємо розширення засобів діагностики та апробації корекційних програм розвитку соціального інтелекту дітей з вадами психофізичного розвитку.
ВІКОВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОЯВУ ОСОБИСТІСНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ
Authors: Хомич Іванна
Published: April 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблеми вікових особливостей прояву моральних характеристик молодших школярів. В ході здійснення експериментальної роботи підтвердилася гіпотеза про ймовірний вплив означеної групуючої змінної (віку) на рівень вираженості інтегральних особистісних факторів молодших школярів, а саме факторів«морально-ціннісного відношення» та «ціннісного відношення до справ, обов’язків та інших людей». Емпіричне дослідження вікових особливостей прояву особистісних характеристик молодших школярів дає змогу констатувати факт накопичення досвіду моральної поведінки з віком. Вікова динаміка зміни середніх значень вираженості у молодших школярів особистісних факторів «ціннісного відношення до справ, обов’язків та інших людей» та «морально-ціннісного відношення» має лінійний характер. У період від 6-ти до 9-ти років особистісні характеристики молодших школярів виходять на якісно новий рівень.
الطائفية وسبل مواجهتها
Authors: الكيلاني عبد الله إبراهيم
Published: April 2020

يتناول هذا البحث بيان وجهة النظر الإسلامية في مسألة اختلاف الملل والنحل، وأهمية بناء الفكرة الجامعة لمجتمع متنوع الأعراق والأديان ، والتمييز بين حرية الفكر التي تخدم نهضة الأُمة، والحرية المنفلتة التي تُهدِّد أساس وجود الجماعة، وتجلية سياسة الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم في بناء الأمة الجامعة  في دولته الأولى باختلاف شعوبها وقبائلها ومللها وطوائفها، وأخيراً إمكانية بناء فكرة للمواطنة في العصر الحديث تقوم على مرجعية دينية.

وتعرض الدراسة لبعض النماذج التراثية والمعاصرة للتعامل مع الاختلاف الفكري والسياسي وتناقش إمكانية الإفادة من تجارب الأمم في بناء فكرة جامعة.

This study deals with the Islamic viewpoint on issue of differences among various sects and denominations, the importance of building the universal idea of a society of different races and religions, and the distinction between freedom of thought that serves the nation's progress and the uncontrolled freedom that threatens the foundation of the group existence. The Study also reveals the policy of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in building the universal Ummah of its first state composed of different nations, tribes, sects and denominations. Finally, it discusses the possibility of building a contemporary idea of citizenship based on religious authority.

The study presents some traditional and contemporary models that deal with intellectual and political differences and discusses the possibility of benefiting from the experiences of various nations in building an inclusive idea.
O OLHAR DAS ÍNDIAS DA ALDEIA TUPINAMBÁ IGALHA SOBRE AS PLANTAS MEDICINAIS
Authors: Soares Rilvaynia Dantas , Oliveira Ariana Reis Messias Fernandes de , Anjos Gabrielle Bahia dos , Santos Cosmira Vieira dos , Reis Fabiana Barbosa
Published: April 2020

“O olhar das mulheres indígenas sobre as plantas medicinais” foi um Projeto de extensão que aconteceu no ano de 2018, financiado pelo Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano. Nesse projeto foram realizadas rodas de conversa com as índias das aldeias para saber o olhar delas sobre as plantas medicinais que elas utilizavam. Foi possível observar que elas possuem um vasto conhecimento sobre as plantas medicinais, no entanto, acreditam que esse conhecimento está sendo perdido, pois os mais jovens não valorizam. Elas utilizam além das plantas medicinais na cura de doença, o serviço de saúde com medicamentos alopáticos, principalmente para controle de doenças como hipertensão e diabetes. Após a realização das rodas e coletas de dados, as bolsistas retornaram para montar uma horta na escola infantil. Esse projeto possibilitou a formação de extensionistas mais conscientes da importância do conhecimento indígena e de se preservar esse conhecimento, respeitando-o.
Determination of the distribution of different filling materials in SBR matrix compounds by image processing
Authors: BULBUL Saban , SERDAR Hasan
Published: April 2020

In this study, the distribution of walnut shell ash and cone ash, which were used in different proportions as the filling materials of SBR rubber compounds, in the matrix were investigated by the developed image processing program. Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR 1502) was employed as the main matrix material. Adhering to the same compound in the experiments, in addition to the carbon black in the compound, 5 different and 10% by mass of Walnut Shell Ash (WSA) was added to the dough, and the Cone Ash (CA) by 5% and 10% by mass, creating a total of 5 different compounds. SEM images of the rupture surfaces were taken and transferred to the developed image processing program, in which the areas covered by walnut shell ash and cone ash in the images were determined. The number of designated surface areas and the area it covers on the image were removed.
RESPONSE OF OAT CULTIVARS TO ETHEPHON AND BORON
Authors: & Abood Addaheri
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to reduce the lodging and improve grain yield by evaluation the performance of some oat cultivars introduced into Iraq. A field experiment was conducted during two seasons of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019, included four cultivars (Genzania, Shafa, Carrolup and Hamel) under the influence of foliar spraying of ethephon at concentrations of 0, 500 and 1000 ppm, and foliar application of boron with concentrations of 0, 50 and 100 ppm. Using RCBD within split–split arrangement and three replicates. The results were revealed that Genzania was recorded the highest number of grains head-1 and grain yield 6.512 and 5.565 t ha-1 in the two seasons respectively. Shafa had the highest number of active tillers m-2 in both seasons and the highest single grain weight in the second season. Carrolup was produced the highest single grain weight in the first season. Spraying ethephon with concentrations of 500 and 1000 ppm increased stem diameter and number of active tillers m-2 for both seasons. Spraying 500 ppm of ethephon increased grain yield in the first season and reduced lodging rate in the second season. Ethephon with 1000 ppm reduced lodging rate in both seasons. Foliar application of boron with concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm increased plant height and grain yield in both seasons.
DEVELOPMENT EXTENSION SERVICE TO MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF BUFFALO BREEDERS IN IRAQ
Authors: & et al. Al-Taiy
Published: April 2020

The  aim of this research is to development the effectiveness of extension service  to meeting  the requirements of buffalo breeders in Iraq. The research was concluded in four fields: the first field: Development and adopting an appropriate orientation. It included four axes: Diversifying sources of extension services, comprehensiveness, decentralization, modernization of the work method. Second Field: Organizational Development. It included two axes: strengthening specialized organization (formation of specialized guidance units), capacity development.  Third Field: Service Feasibility Development. It includes five axes: service based on the requirements of breeders and the characteristics of their projects, the quality of the content of the service, the use of modern means of communication, appropriate allocations, follow-up, evaluation, and continuous improvement. Four Field: Provide an appropriate external environment. It includes three axes: an enabling environment. The Implementation of a national program for developing buffalo  in Iraq.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL PROPOLIS LEBAH TRIGONA (Trigona itama) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH
Authors: Wardaniati Isna , Yanti Rahma
Published: April 2020

Propolis lebah trigona (Trigona itama) merupakan bahan alami dari resin atau getah berbagai tanaman yang dikumpulkan lebah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol propolis lebah trigona (Trigona itama). Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan asam askorbat sebagai pembanding. Alat yang digunakan adalah microplate reader dengan panjang gelombang maksimum pengukuran adalah 520 nm. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan adalah (Inhibition Concentration). Berdasarkan penelitian ini, sampel ekstrak etanol propolis lebah trigona (Trigona itama) memiliki nilai lebih besar dibandingkan asam askorbat sehingga sampel menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan kategori sedang dengan nilai sampel sebesar 105,11 ppm dan nilai pembanding sebesar 7,24 ppm sebagai aktivitas antioksidan kategori sangat aktif.
PENETAPAN KADAR NITRIT PADA SOSIS BERMERK DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Hersa Resty Widya , Pratiwi Denia
Published: April 2020

Nitrit merupakan salah satu bahan tambahan pangan yang diizinkan dan banyak digunakan dalam pengawetan daging olahan, salah satunya ialah sosis. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk menentukan kadar nitrit dalam sosis bermerk yang dijual di supermarket yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif untuk menentukan kadar nitrit dalam sosis yang memiliki izin BPOM, tetapi tidak mencantumkan kadar nitrit dalam komposisinya. Didapatkan kadar nitrit yang diuji terhadap 5 sampel sosis daging A 14,134 mg/kg, B 15,266 mg/kg, C 27,252 mg/kg, D 15,729 mg/kg, dan E 18,356 mg/kg. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut sampel yang diuji memenuhi syarat menkes RI No.033 tahun 2012 yaitu 125 mg/kg.
Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah, Musyarakah, dan Murabahah terhadap Return On Asset melalui Non Performing Financing sebagai Variabel Intervening (pada Bank Umum Syariah yang Terdaftar diotoritas Jasa Keuangan)
Authors: Fazriani Anisya Dwi , Mais Rimi Gusliana
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah, dan murabahah terhadap Return on Assets melalui Non Performing Financing sebagai variable intervening pada Bank Umum Syariah yang terdaftar di OJK Periode 2013-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di OJK sebanyak 11 bank dengan periode 2013-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Purposive Sampling dan dianalisis menggunakan Software Eviews versi 10.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah dan murabahah berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA. Pembiayaan mudharabah dan murabahah berpengaruh negatif terhadap NPF. Sementara pembiayaan musyarakah berpengaruh positif terhadap NPF. NPF tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Pembiayaan mudharabah berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA melalui NPF sebagai variabel intervening. Pembiayaan musyarakah  dan murabahah berpengaruh positif  terhadap ROA melalui NPF sebagai variabel intervening.
Tribunal Monsanto: um estudo de caso
Authors: Afonso Vitória , Belaidi Rabah
Published: April 2020

Trata-se de um estudo de caso sobre o Tribunal Monsanto. Este “Tribunal” nasceu de uma mobilização de militantes ambientalistas oriundos da sociedade civil com o objetivo de “julgar” os crimes contra direitos humanos e “condenar” a multinacional Monsanto pelo cometimento do crime de ecocídio. Este artigo, por meio da pesquisa analítica, descreve o funcionamento do Tribunal Monsanto e o examina em relação ao Direito Internacional Público, com enfoque no Direito do Meio Ambiente e no Direito Internacional de cooperação e solidariedade, enfrentando sua pertinência como contrainte sobre os sujeitos globais.
Direitos humanos e sociedades indígenas na Amazônia: o lado recôndito nas barragens hidrelétricas do Tapajós em face ao povo Munduruku em Itaituba – Pará
Authors: Xavier Ellen , Ferreira Kallyop
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise da relação existente entre os povos indígenas e o Estado, acerca da legalização de suas terras, dando ênfase aos projetos de barragens hidrelétricas no Tapajós. Nesse sentido, iniciaremos nosso estudo, com metodologia bibliográfica e documental, conceituando no que abrange os Direito Humanos apresentando as principais características de evolução no âmbito internacional e brasileiro, além de informar sobre a importância da Convenção 169 da OIT seus conceitos básicos e, também, certificar sobre os recônditos por de trás de tal empreendimento.
CHALLENGING HEGEMONIC CULTURAL TRADITION OF GHURCHARI IN HARYANA
Authors: Singh Gaur Bhup
Published: April 2020

Kathopinishad describe the meaning of chariot and in marriage bridegroom riding female horse. The use of female horse not only suggests patriarchal intention to domesticate the wife but also control the women. On the commencement of the Indian constitution, they have become equal citizens in all aspects of life. They become aware of self respects, dignity and their rights enshrined in the Indian constitution. The upper castes or greater Indians still trest them as lesser Indians and expect them to stay at the bottom of the society. Recent caste conflicts on marriage ritual of ghurchari i.e dalit groom and family members seriously injured during ghurchari (jatu luhari, 2002), upper caste people prevented a dalit groom from riding an elephant (2011), killed in 2013, Devsar, upper caste men beat dalit groom and stopped him to perform ghurchari(2013, Ratera), upper caste youth barred dalit groom from carrying the ritual of ghurchari (sanjharwas, charki Dadri) violence broke out in the village sangha, karnal after upper caste youth prevented dalit youth from performing, ghurchari (2017) etc... clearly reflects the social position of the lesser Indians in India.
This was an exploratory study based on secondary sources such as newspapers and magazines. focussing on the hegemonic power, protest ideology, role of police and social relationship
KEYWORDS:- scheduled caste, Ghurchuri, hegemony, protest ideology
Root-end restoration using MTA against the intractable cases of root canal treatment
Authors: KITAJIMA Kayoko  , ARAI Kyoko  , YOKOSUKA Takashi  , SATOH Tomonori  , KITANO Yoshie  , ASAHINA Takeo  , MIYOSHI Toshiroh  , IGARASHI Masaru
Published: April 2020

Root-end restoration using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was performed on two patients who received root canal treatment but had poor progress. In one case, a large amount of Calcium hydroxide(Ca (OH)2), a intracanal medicament, escaped from a wide-open apex, stagnated around the tooth root, and the apical lesion did not disappear. The other case is a case where the root canal at the apical part has a complicated anatomical form, the root canal cannot be tightly packed, and the apical lesion has not disappeared. Root-end restoration using MTA was performed on these two cases, and improvement of the lesion was confirmed. From these results, it was shown that Root-end restoration using MTA is effective for patients with poor prognosis of root canal treatment for which the apical portion cannot be tightly packed for various reasons.

Keywords: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; MTA; Root-end restoration
Practical applications of atomic force microscopy in biomedicine
Authors: Galvanetto Nicola
Published: April 2020

The last thirty years of progress of atomic force microscopy (AFM) applied to living matter is reviewed

with a focus on potential uses in drug discovery or screening of patient samples. AFM-based technologies

are still at Proof of Concept level - or below, however, they are particularly promising for i) live imaging

of unlabeled membrane proteins and ii) nanomechanical screening of biological samples, e.g. cancer

biopsies.
Vasyl Bezkorovayny’s vocal works in Ukrainian music of the first half of the XX century
Authors: Kosaniak Nataliia
Published: April 2020

Vasyl Bezkorovayny (1880–1966) was a talented artist, an active figure in the musical life of Galicia and a representative of post-war Ukrainian emigrants in the United States of America. He wrote more than 350 works of various genres. Among them are compositions for symphony orchestra; vocal works — for chorus, ensembles or solo singing; chamber and instrumental music — for piano, violin, zither, cello; music for dramatic performances.
The article deals with the archival and musicological analysis of expressive and stylistic features of V. Bezkorovayny’s vocal works, based on the materials of Stefanyk Lviv National Library of Ukraine. Attention is paid to the place of the composer’s vocal masterpieces in the context of Ukrainian vocal music of the first half of the XX century. The most important achievements of the composer related to the genres of choral and chamber vocal music. In style, the composer’s works combine the influences of M. Lysenko, composers of the «Peremyshl school» and Western European romantic and post-romantic models. The original secular choral music of V. Bezkorovayny covers genres of songs, plays, and large-form choirs. In his solo songs the influences of romantic western European music and Ukrainian folk songs affected the formation and approval of the composer’s style.

Keywords: vocal music, chorus, solos, melodic-intonation means, harmony, rhythm.
Local bookwork of Ukrainian publishing houses of Galicia in 1930s: repertoire, publishing series, fact-based content
Authors: Movna Marianna
Published: April 2020

Problems of historical local studies, in particular diachronic research of local-history area, become especially significant at this point. This is due to the process of national and cultural revival, started over in 90s of the 20th century, the necessity of entrenchment in human consciousness of the idea of value of the native land, the birthplace, local patriotism where the sources of general Ukrainian identity are hidden.

Real benefits of tireless work of the generations of the domestic intellectuals before us in the form of increase of the national Ukrainian self-consciousness, raised interest to the native language, culture, history of cities and villages, tourism development and visiting preserved heritage assets became obvious in the 30s of the 20th century. All these factors resulted in the increased demand for local-history publications that started increasingly appearing in the Ukrainian book market. That is the reason why local bookwork of Galician publishing houses of 1930s, its repertoire, publishing series and fact-based content became the subject of consideration in the present article. Here we apply a selective approach to the study of bookwork of Galician publishing houses, focusing research attention on little-known and sometimes forgotten publications.

Local-history subject matter is widespread in the bookwork of Galician publishing houses and publishing societies of 1930s. The mainstream of this period was lack of specialized local-history publishing houses due to insufficient publishing base and lack of professional authors as well as non-competitive conditions on part of Polish publications in the market of travel literature. That is why local-history literature was mostly published in localhistory series of overall profile publishing houses or in special or separate books, published by publishing centers of Lviv and the county cities and towns of Galicia. As far as the content was concerned, the publications containing regional/local historical issues were mostly scientific and popular ones. In general, there were 29 books containing local studies, and 14 books of ten series and out-of-series editions have been considered in this article using selective approach. Local bookwork of Galician publishing houses of 1930s significantly facilitated the development of the Ukrainian local studies and preservation of our people’s historical memory..

Keywords: history, regional production, publishing houses, series, Ukrainian, Halychyna.
The influence of Lemkos and Boykos legends and myths on the development of mass communication of Eastern Slavs (frontier territories of Poland, Ukraine and Slovakis)
Authors: Ertanowska Delfina
Published: April 2020

This article is devoted to the questions of legends, myths as the first mass communication and their influence on the development of primary mass communication, in the border areas of Poland, Ukraine and Slovakia, inhabited by: Lemkos, Boykos and Huculs. In addition, an important element will be the beginning of media development, its effects and the comparison of the impact of the first mass media on society in confrontation with their modern counterparts.

The article is based on sources of the formation of the first mass media and specific ethnic «journalism» on the native Slavic lands. Their influence on the Rusyns society and the formation of the media in the national consciousness in society. Description of the medium which educates the social masses, sometimes manipulates them in reference to their current substitutes.

Keywords: Lemkos, mass communication, ethnic journalism, legends, myths.
Facilitating a Face-To-Face Tandem Language Exchange on a University Campus
Authors: Batardière Marie-Thérèse , Jeanneau Catherine
Published: April 2020

As the 21st century progresses and the internationalisation of higher education is gaining momentum, encouraging students’ intercultural communication has become of paramount significance. A Tandem Language Exchange (TLE) is among a number of initiatives taken by the Language Learning Hub (LLH) at the University of Limerick (UL) to bring together foreign and home students. The TLE takes place in both semesters of the academic year, attracting over two hundred students including UL undergraduates and some postgraduates as well as international students of many nationalities. It is offered across faculties (Humanities, Business, Education, and Engineering) to students with levels of second language competence ranging from elementary to advanced. Drawing on the empirical data collected at various stages of the TLE, this study first looks at some of the organisational and pedagogical challenges encountered during 15-years of experience of pairing foreign and home students. It then presents the various means of support that the LLH has put into place to raise cultural awareness and encourage linguistic diversity among students. Finally, it puts forward some recommendations for implementing this type of peer-to-peer language exchange in university settings.
Synthesis of Methods and Measures for Determining Value of Transportation Research
Authors: Shahandashti Mohsen , Ashuri Bbabak , Tavakolan Mehdi
Published: April 2020

Transportation agencies and most notably State Departments of Transportation (State DOTs) sponsor various research projects to enhance the state of transportation in a wide range of impact areas, such as safety, environmental sustainability, and congestion reduction. Determining the value of transportation research projects is a critical step towards promoting high value research projects and assuring that research funds are not misappropriated. Although a variety of methods and measures have been proposed to determine the value of transportation research, there has not been a study to synthesize these methods and measures and exemplify their actual applications under various impact areas. The overall objective of this paper is to synthesize existing methods and measures for determining the value of transportation research. Through data gathering and analysis, it is found out that most State DOTs (84%) that responded to the survey have future plans to quantify the value of research projects. However, the lack of knowledge about existing methods and measures is a significant barrier for assessing the benefits of research projects across various benefit areas. The results of content analysis conducted on the documents that represent the state of practice in determining the value of research showed that, regardless of the difference in benefit areas, all the managers of transportation research agencies strive to answer 2 critical questions when it comes to determine the value of research: what method and what measure could be used to determine the value of research? This research determines how these critical questions are answered in the current state of practice. The results were presented to research program managers of transportation agencies for validation. These subject matter experts rated the results highly useful to their current practices. The major contribution of this paper is to identify and exemplify various methods and measures that have been successfully used for determining the value of transportation research in a variety of impact areas.
Major Delay Factors for Construction Projects in Ghana
Authors: KOG Yue Choong
Published: April 2020

A literature research was conducted and identified ten studies reporting major delay factors for construction projects in Ghana. All these studies are based on self-administered questionnaire survey of views and perception of project participants. Over forty construction delay factors were reported in the literature, and have identified as one of the major construction delay factors by one out of the ten studies on Ghana. A thorough review of these ten studies was undertaken to identify major delay factors for construction projects in Ghana. With respect to the major construction delay factors identified, remedial measures to improve the schedule performance of construction projects in Ghana are presented.
SENSATION SEEKING AND STRESS COPING STRATEGIES OF PARTICIPANTS IN MILITARY MISSIONS IN AFGHANISTAN AND ANTARCTIC EXPEDITIONS
Authors: Iancheva Tatiana , Rogleva Galina , Kuleva Milena
Published: April 2020

The activities performed by people who go on military missions or on Antarctic expeditions to Livingston Island often arise various questions and interpretations. On the one hand, they suppose a tendency toward risky acts; on the other hand, they require discipline and balance in one’s behavior. The aim of our study was to examine the peculiarities of the need of security and the need of sensation seeking as basic personal variables of participants in military missions in Afghanistan and Bulgarian Antarctic expeditions and to examine their relation to the coping strategies applied. The research was done among 141 individuals (107 participants in Bulgarian military contingent which took part in an international NATO mission in Afghanistan in 2017 and 34 participants in two Bulgarian Antarctic expedition on Livingston Island in 2014/2015 and 2016/2017. All the individuals researched were divided into groups according to their age, gender and rank. We used: 1) Need of security assessment test (A. Velichkov, M. Radoslavova, S. Vassileva, V. Todorov, 1998). 2) Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced Scale – COPE – 1 (Carver et al., 1989), adapted for Bulgarian conditions (M. Georgiev et al., 2003) and 3) Research methods of psychic instability and sensation seeking, adapted by A. Velichkov and M. Radoslavova (2005). It is based on M. Zuckerman’s methods (1979, 1994). The researched participants in military missions and the explorers from Antarctic expeditions showed significant differences along the indexes between the two groups. The participants in military mission have lower values along all scales of the need of sensation seeking in comparison with the established norms for the Bulgarian sample and higher values of the need of security. The results of the participants in the Antarctic expeditions are particularly interesting. Regardless of their pronounced inclination to adventurous experiences and risky behavior, to hasty and impulsive actions, when subjected to tension, uncertainty and stress they revert to cognitive engaged coping strategies, which suppose active coping, planning, mobilization and a sense of control over the situation. The established regularities are a valuable reference point both for the selection of the participants in military missions and expeditions and for the insurance of their safety.