bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI VIDEO EDITING SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA KULIAH PRAKTIK INSTRUMEN PERKUSI LANJUTAN DI PRODI PENDIDIKAN MUSIK
Authors: Syahfitra Muhammad Firza , Satria Tri Danu
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang penggunaan aplikasi video editing pada perkuliahan praktik pembelajaran instrumen perkusi lanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses produksi video dengan menggunakan aplikasi video editing dalam pembuatan tugas pembelajaran mata kuliah praktik instrumen perkusi lanjutan sebagai media pembelajaran di Prodi Pendidikan Musik Universitas Negeri Medan dan untuk mengetahui fungsi aplikasi video editing dalam pembuatan tugas pembelajaran mata kuliah praktik instrumen perkusi lanjutan di Prodi Pendidikan Musik Universitas Negeri Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu proses produksi video dengan menggunakan aplikasi video editing dalam pembuatan tugas pembelajaran mata kuliah Praktik Instrumen Perkusi Lanjutan di Prodi Pendidikan Musik Universitas Negeri Medan yakni dengan menggunakan aplikasi android Kine Master yang meliputi unsur gambar dan unsur suara yang melalui tahapan menentukan materi perkusi, latihan secara individu, perekaman dengan kamera ponsel, pengeditan video dengan aplikasi yang dapat menjadikan video tersebut kedalam satu frame video. Pemilihan aplikasi Kine Master sebagai tempat pengeditan video berdasarkan fitur-fitur yang dimiliki oleh aplikasi tersebut diantaranya: 1) dukungan media, 2) Audio, 3) Text, 4) Tema, dan 5) Tool Editing. Fungsi aplikasi Video Editing Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Dalam Pembuatan Tugas Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah Praktik Instrumen Perkusi Lanjutan di Prodi Pendidikan Musik Universitas Negeri Medan memiliki fungsi atensi untuk memperkuat kedalaman materi melalui konten sebagai media visual serta fungsi kognitif untuk memahami dan mengingat materi perkusi yang disajikan.
Concept of Balance in the Hindu-Balinese Community for Sustainable Tourist Park Spatial Planning
Authors: Jamaluddin Muh. Fakhri , Hadian Mohamad Sapari Dwi , Nugraha Awaludin
Published: December 2021

The rapid development of Bali tourism sector, especially in the tourist area of Lake Batur, lead to many changes in community cultural patterns. Several issues, such as the transition of space functions and the development of tourism designations, have not considered the environmental, economic, social and cultural conditions in the local area. Several regional policies were established in order to maintain the local wisdom of the Hindu-Balinese community and become the basis for organizing tourism in Bali. The availability of open space in a tourist attraction in an destination can be a supporting factor for tourists and local communities. This was a qualitative descriptive study. This method aims to obtain an in-depth description regarding the forms of local wisdom of the Hindu-Balinese community which contain the elements of balance which further be adjusted into spatial planning. A sustainable tourist park may be a site for the activities and interaction among local community, tourists, and also be able to become a forum for education regarding Balinese culture and the natural environment, both of which need to be preserved for the sustainability of Lake Batur tourist area which has a great potential in the development of tourism sector.
Laboratory investigations of herpes simplex virus-1 and -2 clinical samples in Korea
Authors: Oh Eun Ju , Yuk Young Sam , Kim Jae Kyung
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections have been reported in 60% to 95% of the adult population worldwide, making them one of the most common infectious conditions globally. HSV-1 and HSV-2 cause severe disease in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide information that could be used to reduce the incidence of genital herpes caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2.Methods: From September 2018 to December 2020, 59,381 specimens were collected from outpatients across primary and secondary hospitals in Korea who requested U2Bio (Seoul, Korea) to conduct molecular biological testing of their samples for sexually transmitted infections. In this study, the positivity rates of HSV-1 and HSV-2 were analyzed according to age, sex, and specimen type.Results: In the age-specific analysis of HSV-1, the highest positivity rate (0.58%) was observed in patients under 19 years of age, whereas the lowest positivity rate (0.08%) was observed in patients aged over 70 years. In the age-specific analysis of HSV-2, the highest positivity rate (2.53%) was likewise observed in patients under 19 years of age.Conclusion: Our study identified differences in the infection rates of HSV-1 and HSV-2 depending on patients’ sex and age. These differences will be useful for improving disease prevention and control measures for HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Reeze-Drying Impact on Hardness of Selected Soft Fruit Liophilisates
Authors: Domin Marek , Ćwiklińska Magdalena , Góral-Kowalczyk Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

The objective of the paper was to describe the impact of freeze-drying conditions on hardness of lyophilizates obtained based on soft fruit pomace. Raspberry, cherry, and grape pomace from the pressing process carried out with a low-speed rotary press constituted a research material. Immediately after the pressing process, pomaces were placed in forms, frozen, and after freezing they were freeze-dried in the pressure of 20, 42, 63, 85 and 110 Pa. The obtained lyophilizates were subjected to the measurement of hardness with the use of texture meter equipped with a penetrometer in the form of a cone with a vertical angle of 30°. The increase of pressure during freeze-drying of samples was accompanied by the increase of hardness of the obtained lyophilizates, which may affect the energy consumption of the grinding process and the nature of rehydration of the final product. Moreover, the water content of raw material, pomaces, and lyophilizates was determined. The obtained results of measurements were subjected to a statistical analysis which showed that the pressure of freeze-drying significantly diversifies the hardness of the obtained lyophilizates.
Tax Burden of Agricultural Enterprises in Ukraine
Authors: Kostornoi Serhii , Yatsukh Olena , Tsap Volodymyr , Demchenko Ivan , Zakharova Natalia , Klymenko Maksym , Labenko Oleksandr , Baranovska Victoriya , Daniel Zbigniew , Tomaszewska-Górecka Wioletta
Published: December 2021

Agriculture is one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, and the state pays special attention to its development. One of directions of the state’s support for agriculture is implementation of tax preferences due to which agricultural enterprises have a lower tax burden. The optimal level of the tax burden is an important factor in ensuring the positive dynamics of business activity in agriculture, as well as socio-political stability. The objective of the article is to determine the impact of recent changes in the Ukrainian tax legislation on the tax burden of agricultural enterprises, as well as the possible impact of current draft laws. The article examines features of the tax legislation in Ukrainewith regard to agricultural producers and its changes in recent years - increasing a single tax rate, introduction of indexation of land regulatory, monetary valuation, abolition of the special regime of a value added tax. The advantages and disadvantages of using a simplified taxation system by agricultural enterprises are considered. the study’s outcome comprises recommendations for agricultural enterprises to choose a tax system with the lowest tax burden, as well as recommendations for improving the tax legislation of Ukraine using preferential VAT rates for agricultural enterprises and a tax on withdrawn capital.
Chemical composition and biological activity of Salvia officinalis essential oil
Authors: Kačániová Miroslava , Galovičová Lucia , Valková Veronika , Ďuranová Hana , Borotová Petra , Štefániková Jana , Vukovic Nenad L. , Vukic Milena , Kunová Simona , Felsöciová Soňa , Miklášová Katarína , Savitskaya Tatsiana , Grinshpan Dmitrij
Published: December 2021

The study was aimed at analyzing chemical composition, and biological and antibiofilm activity of Salvia officinalis L. essential oil (EO) with MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper. The main compounds of S. officinalis EO were a-thujone 24.6%, camphor 20.6%, 1,8-cineole 12.1%, and a-humulene 5.8%. Free radical scavenging activity was medium high. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against Bacillus subtilis. Changes in the biofilm structure confirmed the inhibitory action of S. officinalis and the most pronounced effect was observed in B. subtilis biofilm. The highest inhibition in situ in antimicrobial activity was 78.45% at 125 µ.L−1 on apple for B. subtilis.
Antioxidant capacity of wild-growing bilberry, elderberry, and strawberry fruits
Authors: Kolarov Radenka , Tukuljac Marijana Peić , Kolbas Aliaksandr , Kolbas Natalia , Barać Goran , Ognjanov Vladislav , Ljubojević Mirjana , Prvulović Dejan
Published: December 2021

Chemical properties (L-ascorbic acid and total sugars content, pH, titratable acidity, and dry solid content), phenolic compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and flavan-3-ols) and antioxidant capacity were measured in ripe fruits of wild-growing strawberry, bilberry, and elderberry from eastern Serbia. All three selected fruits are rich sources of nutraceuticals: vitamin C, sugars, and different classes of phenolic compounds and their extracts expressed high antioxidant activity. Elderberry fruits possess highest concentration of all measured biomolecules.
Determination of some phenolic acids in Algerian propolis
Authors: Rebiai Abdelkrim , Ben Seghir Bachir , Hemmami Hadia , Zeghoud Soumeia , Belfar Mohamed Lakhder , Kouadri Imane
Published: December 2021

Propolis is a resinous material collected by bees from various plant exudates, rich in well-known phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids, that are important to health. Extracts of propolis are very complex matrices that are hard to test. The purpose of this study was to characterize some of the propolis phenolics that were collected from five different districts in Algeria. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), a modern quantitative method, has been adopted to identify the phenolic acids. Moreover, total phenolic content of four different phenolic acids were identified, with the most abundant being chlorogenic acid, followed by caffeic acid, gallic acid, and p-coumaric acid, the obtained ratios from phenolic acids being in the range of 52.193 to 148.151 μg/g, 0.043 to 7.128 mg/g, 0.328 to 0.440 mg/g and 0.328 to 0.440 mg/g, respectively. Overall, our analysis indicates that all the samples of propolis tested are healthy sources of phenolic acids and the significant differences in the concentrations of the acids were observed for propolis samples from north and south of Algeria. It is probably the effect of different conditions of the collection of the resin and secrets by bees.
United Nations Convention on the Rights of Child: Forced Conversion of Hindu Minor Girls in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Muhammad Imran
Published: December 2021

Pakistan has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Child expressing therein that the right to freedom of religion incorporates that nobody ought to be compelled to change his religion. Pakistan’s constitution guarantees religious freedom to all minority communities in Pakistan. Forced conversion to Islam has become another type of rough fanaticism in Pakistan. Constrained transformation is the point at which an individual who uses pressure, power, intimidation, or danger to drive someone else to acknowledge another religion. It influences almost all minority groups in Pakistan, but the biggest victims are Hindu minor girls in Sindh province. It should be forbidden to pursue a position of power to entice vulnerable Hindu minor girls to convert under duress. As the criminal justice system in Pakistan is not addressing this issue effectively, legislation is urgently needed to protect vulnerable children. This article focuses on the need to promulgate a law providing forcible conversion of Hindu minor girls as a criminal offense. A literature review method is adopted for this paper.
Advances in research on genetic relationships of waterfowl parvoviruses
Authors: Chen Yanhui , Afumba Ruth , Pang Fusheng , Yuan Rongxin , Dong Hao
Published: December 2021

Derzsy’s disease and Muscovy duck parvovirus disease have become common diseases in waterfowl culture in the world and their potential to cause harm has risen. The causative agents are goose parvovirus (GPV) and Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV), which can provoke similar clinical symptoms and high mortality and morbidity rates. In recent years, duck short beak and dwarfism syndrome has been prevalent in the Cherry Valley duck population in eastern China. It is characterised by the physical signs for which it is named. Although the mortality rate is low, it causes stunting and weight loss, which have caused serious economic losses to the waterfowl industry. The virus that causes this disease was named novel goose parvovirus (NGPV). This article summarises the latest research on the genetic relationships of the three parvoviruses, and reviews the aetiology, epidemiology, and necropsy characteristics in infected ducks, in order to facilitate further study.
Glibenclamide ameliorates the expression of neurotrophic factors in sevoflurane anaesthesia-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in hippocampal neurons of old rats
Authors: Ma Yan , Chen Xi
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Several antidiabetic medications have been proposed as prospective treatments for cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes patients, glibenclamide (GBC) among them. Our research aimed to evaluate the impact of GBC on hippocampal learning memory and inflammation due to enhanced neurotrophic signals induced by inhalation of sevoflurane.

Material and Methods

Rats (Sprague Dawley, both sexes) were assigned to four groups: a control (vehicle, p.o.), GBC (10 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.), low-dose sevoflurane and low-dose sevoflurane + GBC (10 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.) for 23 days. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining was performed to analyse the count of apoptotic cells and ELISA was conducted to assess the protein signals. A Western blot, a Y-maze test, and a Morris maze test were performed, and the results analysed. Blood and tissues were collected, and isolation of RNA was performed with qRT-PCR.

Results

The Morris maze test results revealed an improvement in the length of the escape latency on days 1 (P < 0.05), 2 (P < 0.01), 3, and 4 in the low-dose Sevo group. Time spent in the quadrant and crossing axis and the percentage of spontaneous alterations showed a substantial decrease in the low-dose Sevo group which received GBC at 10 mg/kg b.w. Significant increases were shown in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the low-dose Sevo group, whereas a decrease was evident in the GBC group.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that glibenclamide may be a novel drug to prevent sevoflurane inhalation-induced impaired learning and reduce brain-derived neurotrophic factor release, which may be a vital target for the development of potential therapies for cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration.
The markers of stress in swine oral fluid
Authors: Giergiel Marta , Olejnik Małgorzata , Jabłoński Artur , Posyniak Andrzej
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The study measured the hormonal and protein markers of acute stress, those of oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in swine oral fluid, determined which of these parameters would be the most appropriate for future livestock welfare assessment and established the time when the samples should be taken.

Material and Methods

Stress was induced in 7 out of 14 castrated six-week-old Danbred×Duroc pigs by immobilisation on a nasal snare at 8 a.m., 1 p.m., and 6 p.m. and samples were taken both directly after the stressor was applied and 30 min later. The remaining pigs were the control group, which were not immobilised; their samples were taken at the same times. The concentrations of hormones and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, while those of alpha-amylase and TAC were measured using spectrophotometry.

Results

The levels of cortisol and cortisone increased with statistical significance immediately after the acute stress response and 30 min later. A cut-off value set at 0.25 ng/mL cortisol concentration was capable of distinguishing between the stressed and control groups with 100% accuracy in evening samples and 95% accuracy overall. Prednisolone was not present, and the levels of testosterone and corticosterone were low and not distinctive. Alpha-amylase became significantly more concentrated during stress induction and 30 min later. The TAC and MDA levels rose after the stress but without statistical significance.

Conclusion

The most suitable markers of acute stress were cortisol, cortisone and alpha-amylase. Oral fluid is a reliable material for monitoring the level of pigs’ stress and should be collected in the evening.
Identification of histamine in fish and fish products in Poland during 2014–2018
Authors: Pawul-Gruba Marzena , Osek Jacek
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Histamine is one of the most important and toxic biogenic amines which may be present in food and may cause food poisoning in humans when contained at a high level. It is produced during bacterial decarboxylation of histidine in fish muscles. The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of histamine in fish and fish products available in Poland during 2014–2018.

Material and Methods

A total of 421 samples of raw (248), smoked (107), canned (50), and marinated fish (16) were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection.

Results

Histamine was detected in 14.1% samples of raw fish, 29% of smoked fish, 22% of canned fish and 93.8% of marinated fish in concentrations ranging from 3.4 to 156.4 mg/kg. Content of this amine above 100 mg/kg was found in four samples: raw Atlantic salmon, smoked European sprat and two samples of marinated Atlantic herring.

Conclusion

The study showed that fish and fish products on the Polish market generally meet the food safety criteria for histamine and are safe for consumers.
National Drivers of Management Consulting Use – A Note on New Research
Authors: Sturdy Andrew , O’Mahoney Joe
Published: December 2021

This research note introduces newly published research which sets out a basic framework for exploring and explaining national variations in the use of external management consulting. It is based on an extensive search of secondary sources on consulting and on differences in the use of management practices more generally. It concludes by setting up a research agenda and dialogue with practitioners to examine the use and non-use of external consulting empirically in different countries.
Opportunities and Barriers of Using Blockchain in Public Administration: The Case of Real Estate Registration in Kazakhstan
Authors: Akhmetbek Yerlan , Špaček David
Published: December 2021

Blockchain technology has a great potential for improving public administration – its transparency and efficiency. It is also discussed as an instrument for reducing corruption and transaction costs. This paper discusses the potential use of block-chain technology in public administration. It is based on a case-study approach focusing on real estate registration in Kazakhstan. Particular attention is paid to identifying factors hindering the development of the blockchain technology. The paper indicates that the main barriers to further use of blockchain technology in Kazakhstan are insufficient legislation and also the complexity of the technical implementation of blockchain projects and integration with existing systems.
Leadership Discourses on Bureaucracy: Continuity over a Century
Authors: Jäkel Tim , Borshchevskiy George Alexander
Published: December 2021

Politicians in all types of regimes require bureaucracy to extend their rule over society. To prevent administrators from becoming too powerful and publicly signal independence, they seemingly arbitrarily criticize public officials. But when and how do political leaders blame bureaucracy – and when do they praise it ? This study uses Russia as a case to illustrate the complex and ambiguous politics-administration relationship in non-Western regimes. We argue that public statements about bureaucracy accommodate two different legitimation strategies. We provide a content analysis of 311 public statements, from 1917 – 2017, on the role of administration in the country’s development. We find that attention to administrative affairs coincides with major political changes and periods of political instability in the history of Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. Over a century, the rhetoric of Russian leaders oscillated between blaming and praising bureaucracy to secure stability and overcome obstacles in implementing governing strategies. The strategic interplay between assertive rhetoric and praising bureaucracy is part of an effective political leadership survival strategy.
Performance Management and the Integrated Development Plan of the Msunduzi Municipality in South Africa
Authors: Khunoethe Halima , Reddy Purshottama S. , Mthuli Syanda A.
Published: December 2021

Poor local government performance has been detrimental to South Africa’s development. The study explores the challenge(s) the Msunduzi Local Municipality is facing in ensuring good performance necessary for achieving its planned development. The study argues that flaws in the management of performance lead to poor performance. This research was interpretivist, used a case-study strategy and adopted a qualitative design / approach. Secondary data in the form of municipal publications and primary data in the form of interview information was collected and analysed. The findings demonstrated that there is a lack of alignment between the planned development and the necessary performance to achieve it in the Msunduzi Local Municipality. The Key Performance Areas of top managers were not aligned to the Integrated Development Plan goals; Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were internally rather than externally focused; some of the KPIs were too vague to be measurable, and there was no agreement on the top five strategic objectives of the Municipality. This research investigation sought to contribute to the limited understanding of municipal performance and development policy alignment by improving municipal service delivery in developing countries. Lessons have been learnt on the need for policy alignment based on holistic thinking.
Unanticipated Consequences of Reforms in School Governance
Authors: Urbanovič Jolanta , de Vries Michiel S. , Stankevič Barbara
Published: December 2021

This article argues that policy development and evaluations should not only incorporate whether and to what extent the policies achieve the intended goals, but should also take the unintended consequences of the policies into account. Based on the classic work of the sociologist Robert Merton, this article addresses the side-effects of attempts that have been made by the Lithuanian national government to improve on the governance of basic and high-schools. The intended goals of the policies concerned the increase of autonomy of school governance through the decentralization of responsibilities; increasing autonomy of and control over school governance; increasing market-driven governance, inducing competition and collaboration between schools, and altering the relation between service providers and recipients.

An in-depth analysis shows that there were serious side-effects. Due to the limited knowledge and capabilities at the local level the policies resulted in sub-optimal decision-making at the school level. As the transfer went hand in hand with national laws and strict regulations, stipulating the financing and content of education, setting standards and uniform requirements this reduced the ability of schools to make autonomous decisions and rather turned them into bodies implementing national standards. A decrease in cost-efficiency is visible as every school has to make its own plans; administrative burdens increase, and insufficient funding results in a transfer of shortages instead of transferring the responsibility to find solutions for those shortages, and instead of becoming more collegiate, the relation between schools becomes competitive resulting in distrust with all the expected negative consequences.

The plans to increase the autonomy of school governance could have developed rather differently if these unintended consequences had been taken into account beforehand. If such side-effects would be anticipated, that could have resulted in more realism, less one-sided and unfounded optimism and in the end, less frustration and demotivation.
Brentano et la théorie réaliste de la vérité
Authors: Benoist Jocelyn
Published: December 2021

The author deals with the Brentanian theory of truth, as it is sketched in On the concept of truth (1889). He shows how, although entrenched in a deep sense of “real”, this theory moves away from the traditionally to realism assigned “correspondence theory”. Following Brentano and carrying out a systematic comparison of his views to Austin’s ones, he investigates how far, in fact, a strict realism is incompatible with any kind of”correspondence theory”. On the other side, he tries to make some sense of the idea of a truth as “adequacy”.
Percepção e Imagem: o exemplo do Cinema no Contexto da Meditação Fenomenológica de Merleau-Ponty sobre a Experiência Perceptiva
Authors: Umbelino Luís António
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to meditate the importance of cinematographic image in the development of Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception. It will also try to underline such a subject in the later works of the French philosopher. Therefore, we will try to base our considerations upon the ideas of body, space, Visible and flesh.
Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica das tradições
Authors: Blanc Mafalda Faria
Published: December 2021

This paper tries to analyse the historical and present contribution of phenomenology to the hermeneutics of traditions. This attempt is achieved by retracing, in main lines, the history of phenomenological movement, his birth, constitution and evolution. In this proposal, it is showed how, by his both internal and external critics, classic phenomenology is moved to open itself to other contemporary trends of thought, namely hermeneutics and philosophy of language, and, in dialogue with these and with the human sciences, to transform itself in a more fruitful way.

This is truth, first of all, in respect of Husserl’s·thought, which evolves from static phenomenology, centered in the analysis of the noetic-noematic intentional correlation from the point of view of a transcendental idealism, to genetic and historical phenomenology, based on the “Ur-Impression” of the living-present, as the founding phenomenon-event of all meaning’s constitution.

A decisive point is made by Heidegger in stressing the hermeneutic, discursive and historical character of all ontological understanding. This allows emphasizing the question of the sense formation (Sinnbildung), which precedes and enables all symbolic and signic institution of meaning (Sinnstiftung), therefore providing a guiding line for search on the topic of the historical constitution of language and traditions.
Об особенностях загрязнения поверхностных вод на территории Дальнего Востока России
Authors: Наумов Ю. А.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена изучению особенностей загрязнения поверхностных вод в каждом субъекте Дальнего Востока России. Автор акцентирует внимание на экологическом состоянии рек, озер, водохранилищ, увеличении степени загрязнения региона от всё возрастающей химизации со стороны бурно развивающегося Китая.
Республика Корея в Африке: "Мягкая сила" как базовый инструмент политики
Authors: Журавлева Н. С.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассматривается процесс становления и развития отношений Республики Корея со странами Африки. Анализируются основные инструменты и ресурсы "мягкой силы", применяемые Республикой Корея для закрепления в регионе и наращивания своего влияния. В ходе этого анализа изучаются ключевые современные стратегии, разрабатываемые корейским правительством и исследователями. Предпринимается попытка выделить главные отличительные особенности южнокорейских стратегий "мягкой силы" на африканском континенте.
От окулистических "летучих" отрядов до офтальмологических бригад по обследованию населения
Authors: Бикбов М. М. , Галимова Ю. Ш.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена истории становления и развития окулистических "летучих" отрядов под началом Попечительства императрицы Марии Александровны о слепых, положивших начало оказанию выездной офтальмологической помощи населению страны, в частности на территории Уфимской губернии. В статье представлены причины возникновения "летучих" отрядов в конце XIX в., способы реализации поставленных перед выездными отрядами задач, их достижения и проблемы в деятельности. Авторы показывают преемственность развития оказания выездной офтальмологической помощи на примере работы окулистических "летучих" отрядов в Уфимской губернии, трахомных (трахоматозных) отрядов в Башкирской АССР в 20–60-е гг. XX в. и офтальмологических отрядов, действующих в настоящее время на территории Башкортостана.
Вторая сессия Несоциалистического Съезда во Владивостоке (11–25 июня 1921 г.): основные проблемы Приморья после антибольшевистского переворота и дискуссии вокруг них
Authors: Попов Ф. А.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается история созыва второй (чрезвычайной) сессии Несоциалистического Съезда (Несоцсъезд) 11 – 25 июня 1921 г., ход его заседаний и основные дискуссии, развернувшиеся на нём. После переворота 26 мая 1921 г. к власти в Приморье пришло антибольшевистское Временное Приамурское правительство, сформированное из членов Совета Съезда несоциалистических организаций Дальнего Востока, созванного в марте 1921 г. В обстановке нестабильности новая власть нуждалась в общественной поддержке, которую должен был ей оказать Несоцсъезд, для чего он был созван на новую сессию. В работе Несоцсъезда приняли участие правые, монархические, антибольшевистские организации Владивостока, НикольскаУссурийского и Харбина. В ходе его работы возникли дискуссии вокруг переименования Съезда из "несоциалистического" в "антикоммунистический", по поводу отношения крестьянства к новой власти, а также из-за претензий атамана Семёнова на верховную власть в Приморье. На Съезде были затронуты и другие проблемные вопросы, например, восстановление монархии и стратегия антибольшевистской борьбы. Поведение членов Съезда отличалось высокой степенью агрессии, имели место драки между делегатами. В итоге, несмотря на имевшую место полемику по разным вопросам, Несоцсъезд выразил полную поддержку Временному Приамурскому правительству.
Von Todsünden und Hauptlastern - Rekonstruktionen und Neureflexionen
Authors: Merkl Alexander
Published: December 2021

Als anthropologische Grundphänomene sind die Hauptlaster unter dem populären Begriff der «Sieben Todsünden» hochaktuell. Stolz, Zorn, Habgier oder Neid betreffen das Sein und Handeln jedes Menschen. Was aber zeichnet ein Hauptlaster im Unterschied zur Emotion oder zur Todsünde aus? Lassen einzelne Hauptlaster wie Stolz oder Zorn nicht auch eine positive Deutung zu? Diesen und weiteren Fragen geht die Arbeit nach. Ihr Ziel ist es, gegen jede moralisierende Engführung ein theologisch-ethisch tragfähiges Verständnis der Hauptlaster zu entwickeln. Dieses nimmt die Handlungswirklichkeit des Individuums wahr und begreift Hauptlaster nicht nur als schematisch gebundene, negative Grundhaltungen, sondern auch als kontextualisierte Begriffe und Selbstentwicklungsaufgaben.
Psychisches Wachsen - Symbolisierung, Metapher und künstlerisches Schaffen aus psychoanalytischer Sicht
Authors: Andina-Kernen Annemarie
Published: December 2021

Wie kommt der Mensch zu neuen Erkenntnissen? Dieses Buch betrachtet innovatives Schaffen aus intrapsychischer Sicht: Was geschieht beim kreativen Vorgang in der menschlichen Psyche? Was begünstigt innovatives Denken psychodynamisch im Innern des Schöpfers?
Ausgangspunkt ist die Frage, wie innere Vorstellungen, Repräsentanzen und Symbole entstehen. Dabei wird die Bedeutung der zwischenmenschlichen Beziehung für Symbolisierungsprozesse aus psychoanalytischer Sicht und aus der Perspektive der Säuglingsforschung untersucht. Zudem beleuchten wichtige Aussagen von Philosophen, Künstlern und Dichtern die intrapsychische Dynamik während der Symbolisierung. Veranschaulicht mit Fallvignetten diskutiert die Autorin Symbolisierungsvorgänge in der psychoanalytischen Praxis, was verdeutlicht, wie bedeutsam sinnliches Erleben für Symbolisierungen ist: Innovatives Denken ist ohne sinnliches Wahrnehmen kaum möglich. Je körperlicher wir eine wirklich neue Erkenntnis erfahren, desto überzeugender ist sie.
Der gestische Ursprung der Sprache - Die Entstehung der menschlichen Sprachfähigkeit und die Bedeutung gestisch-visueller Kommunikation
Authors: Jäger Ludwig
Published: December 2021

In der Sprachursprungsforschung ist lange die Ansicht vertreten worden, es gebe eine vorrangige Verbindung zwischen Laut und Sprache. Im Lichte neuerer Befunde – etwa der Paläontologie, der Evolutionären Anthropologie sowie der Gesten- und Gebärdensprachforschung – spricht allerdings Einiges dafür, dass sich das lautsprachliche System der menschlichen Sprache erst am Ende einer langen evolutionären Beziehungsgeschichte gegen das gestisch-visuelle System durchsetzte: «Sprache entwickelte sich nicht aus der Stimmlichkeit, sondern von Handgesten und sie wechselte zur stimmlichen Modalität erst relativ spät in der Evolution der Hominiden» (Michael C. Corballis). Muss also nicht Stimmlichkeit, sondern sichtbares Gebärden als Basis für die Evolution der menschlichen Sprache angesehen werden? Diese Hypothese hat einige Plausibilität gewonnen, wie Ludwig Jäger einleuchtend zeigt.
Guadalupe Victoria tenía abuelo gachupín
Authors: Brick Aarón
Published: December 2021

El padre de Guadalupe Victoria nació en Salamanca, Michoacán (hoy Guanajuato) en 1750. Este artículo contiene los primeros datos publicados sobre sus orígenes, en la forma de tres partidas sacramentales. Lo suministrado nos ayuda para refinar el entendimiento del federalismo y republicanismo de su hijo, el eventual guerrilla y Presidente. De interés especial es el hecho que Guadalupe Victoria tenía un abuelo peninsular.
Pengaruh Minuman Berwarna dan Minuman Berwarna Berkarbonasi Terhadap Perubahan Warna Resin Komposit Nanohybrid
Authors: Hidayatsyah Imam , Lendrawati Lendrawati , Nofika Reni
Published: December 2021

Introduction: resin composites have solubility and water sorption properties.  Resin composites can get discoloration due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of colored drinks and carbonated colored drinks on nanohybrid resin composite discoloration. Material and Method: This research was true experimental research with post test only group design. The samples used were 32 pieces of resin composites nanohybrid in disc-shaped with 6mm in diameters and 2mm in thickness, lighted by LED for 20 seconds. Samples were divided into groups immersed in colored drinks and groups immersed in carbonated colored drinks. The discoloration measurement used spectrophotometer UV-Visible by assess absorbance value. Results: the results showed that the group immersed in colored drinks has average absorbance value as big as 0,109 and the group immersed in carbonated colored drinks has average absorbance value as big as 0,175. the results of independent sample test showed a significant difference with a p value 0,001. Conclusion: Carbonated colored drinks have a greater influence on the color change of nanohybrid resin composites than colored drinks because carbonated colored drinks have more acidic properties.
Analyzing the Vibration Exposure to the Safety and Health at Workplace: A Case in the Urea Granulation Unit of the Fertilizer Factory
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad , Hasanuddin Iskandar , Iqbal Mohd , Erwan Friesca
Published: December 2021

This study aims to evaluate the vibration exposure experienced by workers in the Urea Granulation Screen Unit (UGSU) at the fertilizer factory in Aceh, Indonesia. This study involved 30 labors in charge as operators, mechanical maintenance officers, electrical maintenance officers, instrument maintenance officers, and inspectors. The measurement of vibration was carried out using a Triaxial Accelerometer with Integral Magnet and shows that the vibration exposure on the factory floor of the urea granulation screen unit occurs vertically with a minimum value of 0.298 m/s2 and a maximum of 1.630 m/s2. According to ISO 2631-1:1997, the maximum vibration values that occur are categorized as a likely health risk zone and result in uncomfortable reactions to the workers. Furthermore, this study analyzes the effect of vibrations on musculoskeletal problems using a Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. It reveals that the average score of musculoskeletal complaints is 71.6, which defines a high degree of pain. The results of the NBM questionnaire also showed that the vulnerable part of the body which experienced musculoskeletal complaints is the knee. The result of vibration exposure on this body part shows the highest value of 3.437 m/s2. To minimize occupational diseases and accidents, it is necessary to manage a working system that takes into account legal standards, ideal working time, and working shifts in the work area.
Spare Parts Supplier Selection Design: A Case Study of A Railway Company
Authors: Asmara Robby Ady , Kusumah Lien Herliani
Published: December 2021

Spare parts support is essential for rolling stock maintenance management. The current supplier selection model determines the selected supplier based on evaluating one aspect of the criteria (product aspect). The selection of suppliers with poor performance occurred between 2018-2020 related to the delivery of goods that exceeded the deadline and goods that did not meet specifications. The first objective of this research is to analyze and determine the relevant priority criteria for selecting suppliers of rolling stock spare parts for railway companies. The second objective is to determine the rolling stock spare parts supplier by using the evaluation criteria determined in the previous process. The method used in this research is the integration of the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Technique for Others Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS). FDM is used to select important criteria for the selection of suppliers of rolling stock parts. AHP is used to assist in choosing various criteria through evaluation in determining the criteria's weight. TOPSIS is used to assess supplier ratings. A total of 13 criteria from 19 alternative criteria have been selected for railway companies, especially in selecting rolling stock spare parts suppliers. Furthermore, the selection becomes the basis for bidding. Finally, Supplier A is the supplier with the highest relative closeness value (0.591), followed by Supplier B (0.545), and the lowest is Supplier C (0.282).
Proposing Electric Motorcycle Adoption-Diffusion Model in Indonesia: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Sulistyono Dwi Setyo , Yuniaristanto Yuniaristanto , Sutopo Wahyudi , Hisjam Muhammad
Published: December 2021

In 2019, the number of conventional vehicles in Indonesia reached 133,617,012 units, dominated by motorcycles of 112,771,136 units and passenger cars of 15,592,419 units. The high number of conventional motorcycle users can increase the number of pollutants and combustion emissions in the environment. This condition has encouraged the transition to a sustainable transport system that will be needed for decades to come, especially for the electric motorcycle to resolve the issue. This research aims to predict and estimate the market share of electric motorcycles by considering life cycle cost per kilometer. System dynamics simulations are developed to model the adoption-diffusion of electric motorcycles in Indonesia. This model has four main modules: an electric motorcycle module, a conventional motorcycle module, an economy module, and a consumer market module. This model shows a positive trend of EM market share from 2021-2030, with the market share value of EM is 0,411 in 2030. The development of retail price subsidy and electricity price scenarios is also carried out to determine the right policies to accelerate the adoption-diffusion process. Based on the scenario, the provision of retail price subsidy and a decrease in electricity price can increase the value of the EM Market Share.
Radicalization of the rightwing in France: from the failure of the European constitution and “La Manif Pour Tous” to Éric Zemmour
Authors: Osipov Evgeny Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

The author of the article uses the newest French scientific literature, Mass Media materials and analytical research of social organizations to study the evolution of the process of polarization of political life in France and radicalization of the rightwing, in which moderate ideas give way to the rightist ones. The failure of the European constitution referendum in 2005, the legalization of same-sex marriage by the French Parliament in 2013, François Fillon’s victory in the primaries of the rightists and the centrists in 2016 - are the crucial steps in the process of radicalization of the rightwing in France. The author gives special attention to Éric Zemmour’s ideas and his role in the modern political system of the Fifth Republic. Zemmour intentionally puts the question of preservation of national and religious identity of France and the problem of the spread of Islam in the country to the centre of political discussion, adding the islamophobia issue to the Marine Le Pen’s arabophobia and trying to make a new core of France’s political life out of the confrontation of the moderate and the radical ideas, as it was with the struggle of the rightwing and the leftwing before 2017. Zemmour has no chances to win the 2022 election, and his participation is questionable, however the popularity of his ideas can lead to the formation of a new pole of France’s politics as a result of the 2022 election - Identitarian, conservative and Catholic.   
Impacto da pandemia COVID-19 no tratamento de pacientes oncológicos e suas consequências psicológicas
Authors: Mendes Tífanny Beatriz Brito , Araújo João Victor Santana , Botelho Thâmara Almeida , Nascimento Maria Rafaela Alves , Pessoa Iury Marcos da Silva , Viana Gustavo Santos , Sousa Yure Batista de , Oliveira Rinara Soares de , Assis Pedro Câmara de , Pinheiro Fillipe Dantas
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Compreender os principais aspectos relacionados a interrupção dos tratamentos oncológicos durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e os aspectos psicológicos envolvidos. Revisão bibliográfica: A pandemia COVID-19 impactou diretamente no tratamento de pacientes oncológicos. Além disso, esses pacientes possuem maior probabilidade do que a população geral de serem infectados, ou de desenvolverem fenótipos graves do COVID-19 devido seu estado imunodeprimido, somado a visitas frequentes aos hospitais como ponto de infecção e das terapias imunossupressoras para o tratamento do câncer, além de fatores de risco adicionais a depender da idade e tipo de câncer. Ademais, os paciente oncológicos tem níveis aumentados de estresse percebido e pós-traumático atenuado com a quarentena e o contexto vigente de instabilidades. Sendo evidenciado a coronofobia como causa da elevação dos níveis de depressão, ansiedade generalizada e tanafobia em comparação aos anteriores a pandemia. Considerações finais: Nesta perspectiva, torna-se necessário maiores pesquisas sobre o impacto da pandemia no tratamento de pacientes oncológicos, sobre a interação do câncer com o COVID-19 e fornecimento de suporte psicossocial a essa população.
Application of 7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging for pediatric neurological disorders: Early clinical experience
Authors: Yamada Kenichi , Yoshimura Junichi , Watanabe Masaki , Suzuki Kiyotaka
Published: December 2021

Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced for use in pediatric developmental neurology. While higher magnetic fields have certain advantages, optimized techniques with specific considerations are required to ensure rational and safe use in children and those with pediatric neurological disorders (PNDs). Here, we summarize our initial experience with clinical translational studies that utilized 7 tesla (T)-MRI in the fields of developmental neurology. T2-reversed images and three-dimensional anisotropy contrast imaging enabled the depiction of targeted pathological brain structures with better spatial resolution. Diffusion imaging and susceptibility-weighted imaging enabled visualization of intracortical, subcortical, and intratumoral microstructures in vivo within highly limited scan times appropriate for patients with PNDs. 7T-MRI appears to have significant potential to enhance the depiction of the structural and functional properties of the brain, particularly those associated with atypical brain development.
Prevalence of mental disorders by sex among Hera General Hospital patients over the past 10 years
Authors: Albokhari Ammar A. , Bresaly Rajab A. , Hassan Magdy M. , Khan Abrar A.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Mental disorders manifest as social, occupational, or emotional dysfunctions. Many countries struggle to recognize mental disorders and their effects on communities. Mental health awareness in Saudi Arabia has improved in recent years as psychiatric treatment has become more acceptable in Saudi society. The aim of this study was to determine the percentages of mental disorders among a hospital population at Hera General Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, using the diagnostic criteria of the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases. We aimed to determine sex differences and to identify the five most common disorders. Methods and Materials: We identified clusters of mental disorders seen at Hera General Hospital psychiatric clinic using the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 and it was a cross-sectional study of patients at a psychiatric outpatient department from July 2009 to June 2019 in Hera General Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Results: The most common mental disorders in patients attending the psychiatric clinic of Hera General Hospital were found to be major depressive disorder (41.3%), followed by anxiety disorders (22.1%), substance-induced psychotic disorder (11.4%), schizophrenia (8.9%), and Mental retardation (7.0%). Females were observed to have a higher risk for mood and anxiety disorders, whereas males had a higher risk for substance-induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia. Conclusion: Major depressive disorder was the most prevalent mental disorder at Hera General Hospital. Most patients with depressive disorder were female. This paper was published by Scientific Scholar and has been archived here.