bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENRE SPECIFICITY OF PATENT DOCUMENTATION
Authors: Kolomiiets Valeriia , Kolomiiets Svitlana
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the actual problem of genre features of patent documentation. The relevance of the issue is related not only to the importance of further accumulation of knowledge in the field of functional stylistics and text linguistics but also to the tasks of improving inventive and patent-licensing work. Patent documentation is considered as a type of scientific and technical literature that combines the properties of two functional styles: scientific and technical and official and business.
The article analyzes the directions of linguistic studies of patent documentation, in particular, the comparison of the patent genre with other genres of scientific literature. The article provides a comparative analysis of the description of the invention as a structural component of a patent and a scientific article. It is noted that with the scientific style, the description of the invention and the entire text of the patent combine such socio-cultural functions as the fixation of technical knowledge, which is objectified in the form of texts and the implementation of the exchange of knowledge with the help of patent documents; the patent combines the common function of intellectual property protection with the official business style. Special attention is paid to the description of the invention, which is a text with a dual functional and stylistic function, and the formula of invention, which is a part of the description, a short verbal expression of the essence of the invention. The main function of the formula is legal. Based on the intentional-functional approach, the article represents the linguistic features of the patent not as a set of separately taken components in the form of archaisms, clericalisms, and terms, but as a model consisting of interdependent elements.
РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ ГУМОРУ В ЖАРТАХ ПРО СЕКС (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВИ)
Authors: Lazebna Olena
Published: August 2023

The article is focused on the comprehensive study of the representation of humor in jokes about sex in the modern German language. The methodological basis of this scientific paper is an integrative anthropocentric approach to language. Their quantitative-qualitative distribution was carried out according to samples from works «1000 Witze zum Schlapplachen», «Kenn’ Se den schon? Die köstlichen Witze und Anekdötchen», «Rentner-Witze. Witze für den Ruhestand: Wie nennt man Menschen, die auch montags gute Laune haben? Rentner!» and https://witze.net/, https://www.wir-lieben-es-lustig.de/. These works served as a source of data for the analytical part of the study. 277 jokes about sex were interpreted and grouped into 8 conceptual classes, formed on the basis of combining humorous content according to a feature common to each class, which was established on the basis of contextual situations. According to the data of the analysis of the actual material, the fixation of the identified substantive conceptual classes shows the uneven distribution of their volumes. It was established that, according to the analyzed empirical material, jokes belonging to the conceptual class of polygamy and changing partners and sexual depravity prevail in the German language society, while the class of commercialization of sex is represented by a small number of jokes. It should be noted that the article analyzes only those jokes about sex, if the subject position in the specified humorous texts is replaced by a person. Jokes with spicy content with animals as subjects / objects of the comic, such as: “Trifft ein blinder Hase ein blindes Krokodil. Sie begrüßen sich und das Krokodil befühlt den Hasen: “Weiches Fell, lange Ohren, du musst ein Hase sein.“Der Hase: “Ja richtig“. Dann befühlt der Hase das Krokodil:“Hm ... kurze Beine, großes Maul, langer Schwanz, du musst ein Italiener sein” were not analyzed.
MACHINE TRANSLATION: COMPARISON OF WORKS AND ANALYSIS OF ERRORS MADE BY DEEPL AND GOOGLE TRANSLATE.
Authors: Moisieieva Nataliia , Dzykovych Olga , Shtanko Alina
Published: August 2023

The article is focused on the study of machine translation errors on the example of the results of DeepL and Google Translate. The aim of the study is to compare the results of these services on the basis of literary and journalistic texts. The following methods were used to achieve this goal: theoretical analysis, descriptive, comparative, contextual, deductive, and quantitative methods. The results of this study make an important contribution to further detailed research on machine translation services and provide a basis for improving the algorithms of these services. The article will also be useful for researchers who want to deepen their knowledge in the field of translation. The discussion of the results shows that there is currently no firm opinion in favor of one of the above-mentioned competitor services, as the quality of translations by machine translation services varies from year to year. The conclusions of the study present the results of the analysis of the services, namely: DeepL made fewer errors in general than Google Translate. Therefore,translations from DeepL are considered to be of higher quality than translations from Google Translate on the basis that post-editors need more time to process and edit translations from Google Translate. The study is of great novelty, as the constant updating and improvement of machine translation systems makes previous studies obsolete today. It is also one of the first studies for the German-Ukrainian language pair. The results are of great practical importance for practical, lecture and seminar courses in translation-related disciplines. The results can also be used as a basis for a more detailed study of the process of each individual stage of translation or translation programs.
THEORETICAL ASPECT OF EMOTIONAL COMPREHENSION OF THE WORLD BY PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Demydova Yulia
Published: August 2023

The article highlights the problem of the theoretical aspect of emotional understanding of the world by preschool children. Emotional understanding of the world in preschool children is considered as an integrated process that determines the child's holistic view of the world and himself in it through emotional connections and experiences. It has been proven that early age is sensitive in terms of mastering the world, forming worldviews, and value attitudes towards oneself and other people. Primitive and complex, positive and negative, primary and secondary, sthenic and asthenic types of emotions are characterized. Common models and structural components of emotions are analyzed. It has been proven that the emotional understanding of the world in preschool children is carried out through emotional images, experiences and states, feelings that arise in certain life situations and are fixed in emotional reactions. It has been investigated that there are four phases of emotion development: cumulation (accumulation, summation), explosion, reduction of tension and extinction. The mechanisms of emotions are revealed: verbal/non-verbal, physiological, behavioral and neural. It has been established that emotions have certain properties in understanding the world, common to everyone, in particular, they are universal, dynamic, polar, ambivalent, intense, subjective, contagion, switching, recall, irradiation, plastic, transfer. The functions of emotional understanding of the world (signal, evaluative, motivational, adaptive, compensatory) are characterized.
SHAPING CADETS’ MORAL RESISTANCE TO THE MANIPULATIVE INFLUENCE OF ENEMY PROPAGANDA IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Zinyak Ihor
Published: August 2023

The article highlights the current problems of raising the moral stability of cadets to the manipulative influence of enemy propaganda in modern conditions. It has been proven that the moral resistance of cadets to the manipulative influence of enemy propaganda is an integrated quality of the individual, which consists in preserving and observing moral values in the conditions of an aggressive environment, misinformation, manipulation of enemy propaganda, influence on the psyche and determines the ability of the individual to actively oppose and protect freedom, democracy and Ukraine's sovereignty from external and internal threats. Moral self-awareness, critical thinking, volitional motivation, moral assessment, self-control are the psychological mechanisms of training cadets' moral resistance to the manipulative influences of enemy propaganda. The basic moral values of the education of moral stability are (patriotism defines a valuable attitude towards Ukraine, devotion and loyalty to the military oath, service to the Ukrainian people and readiness to protect the territorial integrity of the state.), responsibility (the perceived freedom of a specific individual in making moral decisions, choosing goals and adequate means of achieving them), dignity (reflects a moral attitude towards oneself, towards society, towards one's mission to protect Ukraine and is associated with a sense of military duty). Ways of forming cadets' moral resistance to the manipulative influence of enemy propaganda have been determined, which involve mastery of etiquette, information hygiene, and media literacy.
MULTICULTURAL BASES OF STUDENTS CIVIC IDENTITY FORMATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Bezkorovaina Olha
Published: August 2023

The article substantiates the main priority and innovative ideas of this problem in theory and practice, examines the semantic meaning of the concepts of "multicultural education", "multicultural upbringing", "civic identity", "tolerance", and identifies effective forms and interactive methods of education and training with school and university students in the context of reforming the education system. Three levels of multicultural education are highlighted, including ethnic, civic and global (planetary). It is noted that multicultural education synthesizes knowledge about culture, which is the property of the civilized world, about ethnic culture, about national culture as a product of historical mutual enrichment and interpenetration of ethnic cultures. It is emphasized that the very concept of "multicultural education" is inextricably linked with the concept of "civic identity" in the meaning that the latter as a form of social life of a person encompasses "the feeling of being a part of society and the desire to be an active member of it in the present and future. The author characterizes the technology of education of the culture of personal self-affirmation, which actualizes the multicultural focus, active civic position of the student's personality. The described innovative program on English language teaching methods developed by the British Council in cooperation with the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine within the framework of the project "New Generation School Teacher" focuses on the formation of students' professional and pedagogical competences of future teachers, the development of critical thinking, initiative, creativity, independent thinking, and active citizenship in the socio-cultural reality. The author summarizes that the analysis of domestic and foreign experience makes it possible to comprehensively study the problems of civic identity and tolerance in the context of multiculturalism of the modern educational space. Therefore, it is undoubtedly especially valuable to clearly define and substantiate a conceptually oriented perspective which would contribute to the development of active civic position of pupils and student youth, the formation of national consciousness, the formation of high moral feelings and habits, would ensure the creation of a positive system of pupils' and students' attitudes towards reality, and establish tolerant intercultural relations in various activities.
 
Key words: multicultural education, multicultural upbringing, tolerance, intercultural communication, civic identity, culture of personal self-affirmation, interactive methods, personality-oriented approach.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF CIVIC IDENTITY OF STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN GREAT BRITAIN
Authors: Kravchenko Tetiana
Published: August 2023

The article characterizes four main organizational and pedagogical conditions, manifested in a complex combination, which ensure the formation of the civic identity of British students: 1) actualization of the student-centered approach to the educational process; 2) public engagement of student youth in socially significant activities; 3) introduction of socio-pedagogical cooperation between universities and local communities through the mediation of public organizations at the local and national levels; 4) interdisciplinary integration of English as a state language. It is outlined that a student-centered approach to the organization of the educational process in the universities of Great Britain contributes to the involvement of students in active educational and cognitive, and socially significant activities based on the cooperation of all participants in the educational process and reflection of the acquired knowledge and experience, in general, effectively influencing the formation of the civic identity of students. It is emphasized that today in the universities of Great Britain, civic engagement is integrated into three spheres – educational process, research activity and extracurricular socially significant activity. It is noted that educational activities of the universities with the involvement of the community add value to the experience of students during their higher education, providing them with a wide range of opportunities for learning in general and forming their civic identity in general. It was found that the English language plays an important role in the state differentiation of the British, as it covers with its influence not only the spiritual being of this multinational community, but also provides a sense of mutual complementarity and difference from other states. The construction and maintenance of interpersonal relations, which form the social landscape of the state, takes place in the language, which is why the English language, taking into account the subject of our research, carries out the main coordination of social actions. After all, it is common knowledge that language is the main medium for defining, preserving and transmitting socio-cultural experience, as well as a tool for objectifying the subjective meanings of the development of society. In this way, the formation of the civic identity of student youth in Great Britain is considered in close interaction with the interdisciplinary integration of the English language, since the language itself is one of the most important conditions for the existence of any social community.
A Corporate Mentoring Program Cross-Cultural Experience and the Impact on Self-Identity for Students From an Urban Community
Authors: Ross Sonseeahray D.
Published: August 2023

Cross-cultural mentoring can lead to personal development through experiencing cultural differences that cultivate individual virtues and values. Culture is an aspect of self-identity. Self-identity for adolescents is important for their long-term development. This study examines a corporate mentoring program that offers a cross-cultural experience for participants. It aimed to determine if the mentoring program influenced participants’ self-identity and if there was a correlation between culture and their self-identity. The study was guided by identity control theory. A 10-question Likert scale survey was administered to the 20 urban high school students at the completion of their mentoring program for the academic year, which included nine sessions. The study found that the corporate mentoring program did impact the self-identity of urban youth; however, there was no correlation between the cross-cultural experience and their self-identity. This finding adds to the research on youth identity formation. Further research is needed on how different cultural influences may contribute to youth identity formation.
Exosomes: Potential Next-Generation Nanocarriers for the Therapy of Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Mori Tosca , Giovannelli Lisa , Bilia Anna Rita , Margheri Francesca
Published: August 2023

Inflammatory diseases are common pathological processes caused by various acute and chronic factors and some of them are autoimmune diseases. Exosomes are fundamental extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cells, which contain a series of constituents, i.e. cytoskeletal and cytosolic proteins (actin, tubulin, histones), nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, DNA), lipids (diacylglycerophosphates, cholesterol, sphingomyelin, ceramide), and other bioactive components (cytokines, signal transduction proteins, enzymes, antigen presentation and membrane transport/fusion molecules, adhesion molecules). This review would be a synopsis of the actual knowledge on the contribution of exosomes from different cell sources as possible therapeutic agents against inflammation, focusing on several inflammatory diseases, neurological diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, intestinal bowel disease, asthma, liver and kidney injuries. Current knowledge indicates that the role of exosomes in therapy of inflammation and in inflammatory diseases could be distinctive. Main limitations to their clinical translation are still production, isolation, and storage. Additionally, there is an urgent need to personalize the treatments in terms of selection of exosomes, their dosages and routes of administration, and a deeper knowledge about their biodistribution, type and incidence of adverse events and long-term effects of exosomes. In conclusion, exosomes can very promising next generation therapeutic option, superior to synthetic nanocarriers and cell therapy, and can represent a new strategy of effective, safe, versatile and selective delivery systems in the future.
What General Neurologists Should Know about Autoinflammatory Syndromes?
Authors: Moraes Marianna Pinheiro Moraes de , Nascimento Renan Rodrigues Neves Ribeiro do , Abrantes Fabiano Ferreira , Pedroso José Luiz , Perazzio Sandro Félix , Barsottini Orlando G. P.
Published: August 2023

Autoinflammatory disorders encompass a wide range of conditions with systemic and neuro-logical symptoms, which can be acquired or inherited. These diseases are characterized by an abnormal response of the innate immune system, leading to an excessive inflammatory reac-tion. On the other hand, autoimmune diseases result from dysregulation of the adaptive im-mune response. Disease flares are characterized by systemic inflammation affecting the skin, muscles, joints, serosa, and eyes, accompanied by unexplained fever and elevated acute phase reactants. Autoinflammatory syndromes can present with various neurological manifestations, such as aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, sensorineural hearing loss, and others. Early recognition of these manifestations by general neurologists can have a significant impact on the prognosis of patients. Timely and targeted therapy can prevent long-term disability by reducing chronic inflammation. This review provides an overview of recently reported neuroinflam-matory phenotypes, with a specific focus on genetic factors, clinical manifestations, and treatment options. General neurologists should have a good understanding of these important diseases.
The Impact of Microplastics on the Global Food Industry: A Brief Overview of This Extremely Diverse and Complex Sector
Authors: Fonseca Estefan Monteiro , Correa Thulio Rigeti , Gaylarde Christine C. , Neto José Antônio Baptista , Delgado Jessica d F , Lima Leonardo da Silva , Cunha Daniele L
Published: August 2023

Environmental pollution management combined with food safety represent two of the main important challenges of the last decades. Soil and water contamination. have historically threatened food safety. As ubiquitous pollutants, microplastics (MPs) have attracted increasing attention over the last few years, due to their impact on the socio-ecological system. These particles can affect the balance of terrestrial, aquatic and aerial ecosystems. Their negative impacts are intensified when they adsorb and carry toxic chemicals. They can circulate through organisms and accumulate in the human food chain. Physiological dysfunctions in living beings continue to be reported, both in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The question that remains is on what scale this might be affecting the global production of food. The present article addresses issues related to the food industry, including agriculture, livestock, and fish farming. In doing so it seeks to provide subsidies for the evaluation of the real impact of MP dispersion through the different world environments and the resulting effects on global food production.
Analysis of European Medicines Agency’s COVID-19 Vaccine Information Materials in EU and Regional Context
Authors: Castro Indiana , Van Tricht Marie , Bonaccorso Nicole , Sciortino Martina , Garcia Burgos Juan , Costantino Claudio , Gonzalez-Quevedo Rosa
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic made it harder to communicate accurate information about vaccines because of the spread of misinformation. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) tried to reas-sure the public by communicating about the development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines. They surveyed patients/consumers, healthcare professional organizations, and individual stake-holders to see if their core information materials were informative and well understood. They also asked about the public's preferred communication channels. The surveys showed that indi-vidual patients/consumers generally prefer to get information about COVID-19 vaccines from the internet or mass media. Organizations and individual healthcare professionals prefer to get in-formation from national and international health authorities' sources. This supports EMA's ap-proach of using media, stakeholder engagement, and web-based formats to communicate about COVID-19 vaccines. Both at the EU and local levels, participants had a good understanding of the key messages from regulators and found the materials useful and relevant. However, some im-provements were recommended to the visuals, texts, and dissemination formats. These recom-mendations were generally consistent in both contexts. User-testing of proactive communication materials aimed at prebunking misinformation during a public health crisis helps to ensure that users understand the development and safety safeguards of novel vaccine technologies. This in-formation can then be used as a basis for evidence-based communication activities by regulators and public health bodies in an emergency context.
Kidney-Specific Membrane-Bound Serine Proteases CAP1/Prss8 and CAP3/St14 Affect ENaC Subunit Abundances but Not Its Activity
Authors: Ehret Elodie , Stroh Sévan , Auberson Muriel , Ino Frédérique , Jäger Yannick , Maillard Marc , Szabo Roman , Bugge Thomas H , Frateschi Simona , Hummler Edith
Published: August 2023

The serine proteases CAP1/Prss8 (prostasin) and CAP3/St14 (matriptase) are identified as ENaC channel-activating proteases in vitro highly suggesting that they are required for proteolytic activation of ENaC in vivo. The present study tested whether CAP3 is relevant for renal proteolytic ENaC activation and affects ENaC-mediated Na+ absorption following Na+-deprivation conditions. CAP3 knockout mice exhibit significant decrease in CAP1 protein expression with altered ENaC subunit and decreased pNCC protein abundances, but overall maintain sodium balance. RNAscope-based analyses reveal co-expression of CAP3 and CAP1 with alpha ENaC in distal tubules of the cortex from wildtype mice. Double CAP1/CAP3-deficiency maintained Na+ and K+ balance on Na+-deprived diet, restored ENaC subunit protein abundances but showed reduced NCC activity under Na+-deprivation. Overall, our data clearly show that CAP3 is not required for direct proteolytic activation of ENaC, but for its protein abundances. Our study reveal a complex regulation of ENaC by these serine proteases on the expression level rather than on its proteolytic activation.
The Mitochondrial Genome of Littoraria melanostoma Reveals Phylogenetic Relationship of Littorinimorpha
Authors: Chen Kun , Yang Mingliu , Duan Haisheng , Liao Xin
Published: August 2023

Littoraria melanostoma (Gray, 1839) is a most common species of gastropods in mangroves. They quickly respond during the early stage of mangrove restoration and usually form a dominant community within a certain period. We characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of the species. The whole mitogenome of L. melanostoma was 16,149 bp in length and its nucleotide composition showed high AT-content of 64.16%. It had 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes, one control region between tRNA-Phe and COX3. The A/T compositions in the control region is 74.7%, respectively, and are much higher than the overall A/T composition of the mitochondrial genomes. The amino acid composition and codon usage of the mitochondrial genomes of from eight superfamilies of Littorinimorpha were analyzed, and the results showed that CUU (Leu), GCU (Ala), AUU (Ile), UCU (Ser), UUA (Leu), GUU (Gly) and UUU (Phe) are the commonly used codons in this order. The results of phylogenetic analysis were roughly consistent with morphological classification, which showed that L. melanostoma is closely related to L. sinensis, a rock-dwelling species that is widespread in the coastal intertidal zone of China. These results may provide a basis to understand the phylogeny and evolution of the Littorinimorpha.
H(N3)dap (Hdap = 2,6-diaminopurine) Recognition by Cu2(EGTA): Structure, Physical Properties and DFT-Calculations of [Cu4(μ-EGTA)2(μ-H(N3)dap)2(H2O)2]·7H2O
Authors: Mousavi Homa , García-Rubiño María Eugenia , Choquesillo-Lazarte Duane , Castiñeiras Alfonso , Frontera Antonio , Niclós-Gutiérrez Juan
Published: August 2023

Reactions in water between the Cu2(µ-EGTA) chelate (EGTA = ethylene-bis(oxyethyleneimino)tetraacetate(4-) ion) and 2,6-diaminopurine (Hdap) in molar ratios 1:1 and 1:2 yield only blue crystals of the ternary compound [Cu4(μ-EGTA)2(μ-H(N3)dap)2(H2O)2]·7H2O (1) that has been studied by single crystal X-ray diffractometry, various physical methods (thermal stability, spectral and magnetic properties), as well as DFT theoretical calculations. In the crystal, uncoordinated water is disordered. The tetranuclear complex molecule also has some irrelevant disorder in an EGTA-ethylene moiety. In the complex molecule, both bridging organic molecules act as binucleating ligands. There are two distorted five- (type 4+1) and two six- (type 4+1+1) Cu(II) centres. Each half EGTA acts as a tripodal tetradentate Cu(II) chelator, with mer-NO2+O(ether, distal) conformation. Hdap exhibits the tautomer H(N3)dap, with the dissociable H-atom on its less basic N-heterocyclic atom. These features favour the efficient cooperation between Cu-N7 or Cu-N9 bonds with appropriate O-EGTA atoms, as N6-H···O or N3-H···O interligand interactions respectively. Bridging role of both organics determines the tetranuclear dimensionality of the complex in 1. In this crystal, such molecules associate in zig-zag chains, built by alternating ,-interactions between the five- or six-atom rings of Hdap ligands of adjacent molecules. DFT theoretical calculations (using two different theoretical models and characterized by the quantum theory of “atoms in molecules”) reveal the importance of these ,-interactions between Hdap ligands, as well as that corresponding to the referred hydrogen bonds in the contributed tetranuclear molecule.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Decorated Zinc-Cadmium Sulfide Type-II Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Yousaf Ammar Bin , Imran Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad , Kausar Samaira , Yasmeen Samina , Kasak Peter
Published: August 2023

Herein, we have fabricated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets with embedded ZnCdS nanoparticles to form a type II heterojunction using a facile synthesis approach and used for photocatalytic H2 production. The morphologies, chemical structure and optical properties of the obtained g-C3N4‒ZnCdS samples were characterized by a battery of techniques such as, TEM, XRD, XPS and UV-Vis DRS. The as-synthesized g-C3N4‒ZnCdS, photocatalyst exhibits the highest hydrogen production rate of 108.9 μmol·g-1·h-1 compared to individual components (g-C3N4: 13.5 μmol·g-1·h-1, ZnCdS: 45.3 μmol·g-1·h-1). The improvement of its photocatalytic activity is mainly attributed to the heterojunction formation and resulting synergistic effect, which provide more channels for charge carrier migration and reduce the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. Meanwhile, the g-C3N4‒ZnCdS heterojunction catalyst also showed higher stability over a number of repeated cycles. Our work sheds insight of using g-C3N4 and metal sulfide combination to develop low-cost, efficient, visible-light active hydrogen production photocatalysts.
Accuracy of Patient-Specific Implants in Virtually Planned Segmental Le Fort I Osteotomies
Authors: Kuehle Reinald , Scheurer Mats , Bouffleur Frederic , Fuchs Jennifer , Engel Michael , Hoffmann Jürgen , Freudlsperger Christian
Published: August 2023

(1) Background: In orthognathic surgery, segmental Le Fort I osteotomies are a valuable method to correct maxillary deformities or transversal discrepancies. However, these procedures are technically challenging, and osteosynthesis can be prone to error. (2) Methods: In this retrospective, monocentric cohort study, patients were enrolled who underwent a virtually planned segmental maxillary osteotomy during their combined treatment. Positioning and osteosynthesis were achieved by either a 3D-printed splint and conventional mini plates or Patient-Specific Implants (PSI). The preoperative CT data, virtual planning data, and postoperative CBCT data were segmented. The deviation of all segments from the desired virtually planned position was measured using the analysis function of the IPS Case Designer. (3) Results: 28 Patients in the PSI Group and 22 in the conventional groups could be included. The PSI group showed significantly lower deviation from the planned position anteroposteriorly (-0.63±1.62mm vs. -1.3±2.54mm) and craniocaudally (-1.39±1.59mm vs. -2.7±3.1mm). For rotational deviations, the Pitch (0.64±2.59° vs. 2.91±4.08°) as well as the inward rotation of the lateral segments was positively influenced by PSI. (4). Conclusions: The presented data show that patient-specific osteosynthesis significantly reduces deviations from the preoperative plan in virtually planned cases. Especially transversal expansions and vertical positioning can be addressed better.
Sarcosine May Induce EGF Production or Inhibit the Decline in EGF Concentrations in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia (Results of the PULSAR Study)
Authors: Pawlak Agnieszka , Kaczmarek Bartosz , Wysokiński Adam , Strzelecki Dominik
Published: August 2023

Sarcosine (N-methylglycine), a glutamatergic modulator, reduces the primary negative symp-toms of schizophrenia. These beneficial changes might be mediated by trophic factors such as ep-idermal growth factor (EGF). We assessed associations between initial serum EGF levels or changes in serum EGF levels and symptom severity during the addition of sarcosine to stable an-tipsychotic treatment and thereby evaluate the associations between glutamatergic modulation, clinical changes and peripheral EGF concentrations. 58 subjects with a diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia with dominant negative symptoms, stably treated with antipsychotics completed a prospective 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects received orally 2 grams of sarcosine (n=28) or placebo (n=30) daily. Serum EGF levels and symptom se-verity (using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - PANSS and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia - CDSS) were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months follow-up. Augmenta-tion antipsychotic treatment with sarcosine had no effect on EGF serum levels at any time-points. Only the sarcosine group showed a significant improvement in negative symptoms, general psy-chopathology subscales, and the overall PANSS score. We found reduction of serum EGF levels in the placebo group, but levels in the sarcosine remained stable during the study. Our data indicate that improvement in negative symptoms due to sarcosine augmentation is not mediated by EGF, but effective treatment may induce the production or block the decrease in EGF concentrations, which indicates the neuroprotective effect of treatment and confirms the relationship between neuroprotection and EGF levels.
Study to Determine the Effectiveness of Unilateral Total Lobectomy Plus Isthmectomy and Bilateral Total Lobectomy in Treating Thyroid Micropapillary Carcinoma Treated with Euthyrox
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Cao Zhimin , Zhang Kai
Published: August 2023

Objective: To examine the effect of bilateral total lobectomy and unilateral total lobectomy on improving thyroid function in patients with thyroid micropapillary carcinoma treated with euthyrox. Methods: The study was conducted on 68 patients with thyroid micro papillary carcinoma treated with euthyroxwho had been surgically treated with euthyrox in our hospital between January 2018 and December 2019. On the basis of random number grouping, they were divided into control groups (n = 34, bilateral total lobectomy) and observation groups (n = 34, unilateral total lobectomy plus isthmectomy). Thyroid function, free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid hormone (TSH), and voice function (VHI score) of the two groups were compared.Results: In comparison to the control group, the observation group had shorter incision lengths, shorter operation times, and shorter hospital stays, as well as less intraoperative bleeding and drainage volume, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); As compared with the control group, the observation group had higher FT4 and FT3 levels as well as lower TSH levels, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).VHI scores of emotions, function, physiology, and other voice functions were significantly lower among the observation group than those of the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: A unilateral total lobectomy with adjacent isthmus resection in patients with thyroid micro papillary carcinoma can yield ideal results, accelerate the time taken for surgical rehabilitation, improve thyroid function, thereby improving voice quality, as well as improve the overall prognosis of the patient.
Vertebral Fractures in Pediatric Suicidal Jumpers: Epidemiological and Clinical Analysis before and after Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Crostelli Marco , Mazza Osvaldo , Manfroni Francesca , Tundo Federico , Calogero Valeria , Mazza Marianna , Averna Roberto , Vicari Stefano
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among 15 to 19-years-olds in Europe. From the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, literature confirms a significant increase in mental health disease in children and adolescents. At Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital emergency department (Rome, Italy) there was a dramatic increase of suicidal attempts, and particularly a rise of suicidal jumpers. Many of these patients presented vertebral fractures.

Material and Methods:

This retrospective study includes all suicidal jumpers with vertebral fractures treated at our Pediatric Hospital from April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2023. We collected and compared data from three years before to three years after pandemic spreading analyzing vertebral fractures.

Results:

From April 1 2019 to March 31, 2020 141 cases of suicide attempt arrived at Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital emergency department. Five of these patients were suicidal jumpers but none had a vertebral fracture. From April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023, 362 cases of suicide attempts arrived in the same emergency department and 19 were suicidal jumpers; 12 reported vertebral fractures and were included in this study.

Mean age was 14 years. Most common level of fracture was L1.

Four patients presented with preoperative neurologic impairment and two cases recovered completely. There was a transforaminal sacral fracture, a spinopelvic dissociation and an Anderson-D’Alonso C2 type II fracture. Two cases with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures were conservatively treated. Seven patients were treated by percutaneous pedicle fixation to achieve an indirect decompression and to restore a better sagittal balance. Only three patients needed an open spinal surgery by posterior approach and in two cases a posterior decompression was performed. One case with cervical fractures was treated by Halo-Vest.

Conclusions: Recent literature highlights concern about the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric population mental health. This is the first report that shows a significant increase in vertebral body fractures due to suicide jumping attempt. The comparison between three years pre and post pandemic is sufficient to demonstrate a sharp increase of these cases.

This could be a new epidemiological phenomenon that could persist or even increase over time because of COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring Optimal Charging Strategies for off-Grid Solar PV Systems: A Comparative Study on Battery Storage Techniques
Authors: Dorel Stoica , Gmal  Osman Mohammed , Cristian-Valentin Strejoiu , Gheorghe Lazaroiu
Published: August 2023

The paper concludes that the choice of charging strategy depends on the specific requirements and limitations of the off-grid solar PV system, and that a careful analysis of the factors that affect performance is necessary to identify the most appropriate approach. Also provides valuable insights for designing and optimizing off-grid solar PV systems, which can help to improve the efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of these systems.
Synergizing Expertise and Technology: The AI Revolution in Radiotherapy for Personalized and Precise Cancer Treatment
Authors: Kouhen Fadila , El gouach Hanae , Saidi Kamal , Errafiy Nadia , Dahbi Zineb
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the field of radiotherapy has witnessed remarkable advancements with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into clinical practice.

Traditionally, radiotherapy treatment planning has been a labor-intensive process, requiring meticulous manual segmentation and optimization. With the advent of AI, particularly deep learning algorithms, the accuracy and efficiency of target delineation and organ-at-risk segmentation have significantly improved. AI-driven algorithms analyze voluminous medical imaging data, enabling rapid and precise contouring, thus expediting the planning phase and reducing inter-observer variability.

Furthermore, AI's role extends to treatment plan optimization, where it intelligently explores vast parameter spaces to generate optimal plans tailored to individual patients. This not only saves dosimetrists' time but also enhances plan quality by accounting for complex anatomical variations and personalized clinical goals.

In the realm of treatment delivery, AI-powered real-time image guidance enhances the accuracy of patient positioning, ensuring precise radiation targeting. Adaptive radiotherapy, enabled by AI, allows on-the-fly plan modifications in response to anatomical changes, significantly improving treatment accuracy in scenarios like tumor shrinkage or weight loss.

Beyond planning and delivery, AI algorithms contribute to outcome prediction by analyzing historical patient data and treatment responses. This predictive capability aids clinicians in making informed decisions and refining treatment strategies for better prognoses.

Despite the revolutionary potential, challenges remain in seamlessly integrating AI into clinical workflows. Ethical considerations, data privacy, and algorithm interpretability necessitate cautious implementation. Additionally, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between AI experts and radiation oncologists is imperative to harness the technology's full potential.

This paper explores the impact of AI in four key areas of radiotherapy: automated segmentation, dosimetric and machine quality assurance, adaptive radiation therapy, and clinical outcome prediction.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of N'-Phenylhydrazides as Potential Antifungal Agents
Authors: Zhu Panpan , Zheng Jinshuo , Yan Jin , Li Zhaoxia , Li Xinyi , Geng Huiling
Published: August 2023

Fifty-two kinds of N’-phenylhydrazides were successfully designed and synthesized. Their anti-fungal activity in vitro against five strains of C. alb. was evaluated. All prepared compounds owned varying degrees of activity and their MIC80, TAI, and TSI values were calculated. The in-hibitory activities of 27/52 compounds against fluconazole-resistant fungi C. alb. 4395 and C. alb. 5272 were much higher than those of fluconazole. The MIC80 values of 14/52 compounds against fluconazole-resistant fungus C. alb. 5122 were less than 4 μg/mL, so it was the most sensitive fungus (TSIB = 12.0). A11 showed the highest inhibitory activity against C. alb. SC5314, 4395, and 5272. The antifungal activities of B14 and D5 against four strains of fluconazole-resistant fungi were higher than those of fluconazole. The TAI values of A11 (2.71), B14 (2.13), and D5 (2.25) are the highest. Further exploring the antifungal mechanism revealed that the fungus treated with compound A11 produced free radicals and reactive oxygen species, and their mycelium mor-phology was damaged. In conclusion, the hydrazide scaffold showed potential in the develop-ment of antifungal lead compounds. Among them, A11, B14, and D5 demonstrated particularly promising antifungal activity and hold potential as novel antifungal agents.
Palliative Care: The Italian State of the Art and a Worldwide Overview
Authors: Volonnino Gianpietro , D’Antonio Gianpiero , Federica Cuomo , Fazio Nicola Di , Russa Raffaele La , Arcangeli Mauro , Frati Paola
Published: August 2023

The right to live with dignity during the final stages of existence, enshrined in national and supranational Charters of Rights, represents a significant step towards humanizing medicine and is integral to the right to health. Palliative Care, rooted in health, dignity, and therapeutic self-determination, has emerged as a fundamental human right and a moral imperative within health systems. It seeks to alleviate suffering, emphasizing the holistic well-being of patients with life-limiting illnesses. This paper provides a comprehensive global perspective on Palliative Care, with special attention to its implementation in Italy. Palliative Care is a crucial dimension of care, designed to enhance the quality of life for patients suffering from progressive and incurable diseases. Despite its growing need due to an aging population and increased prevalence of chronic illnesses, still remains a significant disparity in access to these essential services worldwide. Insufficient resources, legislative constraints, and limited training for healthcare providers pose challenges to the widespread adoption of Palliative Care. In Italy, although laws have been enacted to ensure the provision of Palliative Care, its availability remains inconsistent across different regions. Financial constraints and insufficient support hinder the comprehensive dissemination of these services. Recognizing the significance of Palliative Care, the Catholic Church also endorses its implementation as a response to human suffering and an approach to end-of-life care. Efforts to strengthen Palliative Care are critical to meeting the rising demand and ensuring access to compassionate and dignified care for all individuals in need. Through legislative advancements and adequate resources, Italy can make significant strides in advancing the provision of Palliative Care.
3D Body Center of Mass at the Workplace under Hypogravity
Authors: Maillard Tatiana
Published: August 2023

The center of mass dynamics of human seated posture in a work environment under hypogravity (0<g<1) have rarely been investigated and it remains to be accomplished. The present study determined the difference in the body system of 32 participants working under simulated 1/6g (Moon) and 1g (Earth) for comparison reason using static and dynamic action measurements. This was based on analyzing the participant's center of mass before, during, and after the task when they started to get fatigued. According to this analysis, there is a positive relation (p<0.01) with a positive coefficient of correlation between CoM body shift down along the Y axis and gravity level for males and females. At the same time, the same positive relationship (p<0.01) between the tilt of the body back along the Z axis and the level of gravity was found only in females. This offers fresh perspectives for comprehending hypogravity. It can also improve workplace ergonomics, body stability, equipment design, and biomechanics.
Are Emotions Conveyed Across Machine Translations? Establishing an Analytical Process for the Effectiveness of Multilingual Sentiment Analysis with Italian Text
Authors: Anderson Richard , Scala Carmela , Samuel Jim , Kumar Vivek , Jain Parth
Published: August 2023

Natural language processing (NLP) is being widely used globally for a variety of value-creation tasks ranging from chat-bots and machine translations to sentiment and topic analysis and multilingual large language models (LLMs). However, most of the advances are initially implemented within the English language framework, and it takes time and resources to develop comparable resources in other languages. The advances in machine translations have enabled the rapid and effective conversion of content in global languages into English and vice-versa. This creates potential opportunities to apply English language NLP methods and tools to other languages via machine translations. However, although this idea is powerful, it needs to be validated and processes and best practices need to be developed and kept updated. The present research is an effort to contribute to the development of best practices and an evaluation framework. We present a systematic and repeatable state-of-the-art process to evaluate the viability of applying English language sentiment analysis tools to Italian text by using multiple English language machine translation mechanisms such that it can be easily extended to other languages. hor[RU,RA]{\large Richard Anderson} \address[RU]{\large Rutgers University, USA} \address[RA]{\large rick.anderson@rutgers.edu} \author[RU]{\large Carmela Scala} \author[RU]{\large Jim Samuel} \author[UC]{\large Vivek Kumar} \address[UC]{\large University of Cagliari, Italy} \author[RU]{\large Parth Jain}
Cervical Cystic Hygroma in Adults: A Case Report
Authors: Askarpour Shahnam , Arabi Milad , Ghaedamini Hossein , Salmanpour Fardis
Published: August 2023

Manifestation of cystic hygroma in adulthood is very rare. In this study, we reported a rare case of Cervical Cystic Hygroma in Adults. We report 20 years old male with a diagnosis of left-side neck cystic Hygroma and discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and clinical, radiological, and operative aspects of it.