bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and study of oligobenzotriazolylimides
Authors: Farion I. A. , Mognonov D. M. , Khakhinov V. V. , Litvinova M. A. , Il’ina O. V. , Ayurova O. Zh.
Published: October 2020

Three-dimensional heterocyclic polymers can be obtained by the migration copolymerization of bis-imides of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and such nucleophiles as diamines, bisphenols and bismercaptans. As-obtained nitrogen-containing heat-resistant polymers are of practical interest due to their high performance and the availability of the feedstock. In this work, we propose to obtain heat-resistant polymeric materials through the synthesis of oligobenzotriazolylimides by interaction of bis-maleimides with benzotriazoles. One-stage melt synthesis producing no by-products and requiring no organic solvents seems to be the most suitable method from the technological and environmental standpoint. Optimal conditions for the synthesis of polymers were determined using the method of compositional orthogonal planning. Reduced viscosity was chosen as the optimization parameter; the initial concentration of monomers, as well the duration and temperature of synthesis, were the variable factors affecting the optimization parameter. The structure, properties and mechanical characteristics of the obtained polymers were studied. The structure of oligomers and polymers was confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy data. A series of experiments was carried out to investigate the potential of extrusion-rolling casting technology for obtaining composite materials based on oligobenzotriazolylimides. This technology maintains initial substances in a fluid state for an extended period of time. The slower curing rate of oligomers facilitates the dissipation of the heat released during structuring, thus causing no local overheating of the material and resulting mechanical stresses. This improves the technological and physical-mechanical characteristics of the composites based on these oligomers. Optimal conditions for the production of polymer composites were identified, and their physical and mechanical properties were studied. A technology was proposed for obtaining materials resistant to aggressive media and temperature drops.
Banking soundness-financial stability nexus: empirical evidence from Jordan
Authors: Ahmad Almahadin Hamed , Kaddumi Thair , AL-Kilani Qais
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial stability and banking soundness in Jordan. For this purpose, the study mainly uses the FMOLS approach in addition to other analysis techniques and tools. The outcomes of the descriptive analysis show that the Jordanian financial system seems stable, and the indicators of banking soundness signal a steady and solid banking sector. The cointegration tests indicate that the considered variables have a long-term equilibrium relationship; the variables move together in the long term. The empirical results reveal that the majority of the banking soundness indicators have a positive impact on financial stability. This asserts that a sound banking sector plays a vital role in maintaining a stable financial system. However, the findings also indicate that a steady interest rate policy is one of the significant requirements for sustaining the stability of financial systems. Moreover, the response of financial stability with respect to economic growth changes is found to be positive and relatively high. On the fact of the importance of the topic under study, since financial stability is one of the major concerns of the authority bodies, the empirical findings can have very important policy implications for decision-makers.
Biochemical Composition of Tea and its Changes under Different Factors
Authors: Platonova Nataliia , Belous Oksana
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The present research featured the antioxidant complex of Russian tea varieties. The research objective was to study the formation patterns of the components responsible for the quality characteristics of tea as a raw material and finished product. The paper describes the changes that the biochemical composition of tea undergoes during the growing season and during processing. The study focused on pigments, vitamins, caffeine, and amino acids.

Study objects and methods. The research featured the following varieties of tea grown in the Krasnodar region of Russia: “Kolkhida” (control) and “Sochi”; forms – No. 582, 3823, 855, and 2264. The research was performed on the foundation plantation of collection tea in the village of Uch-Dere (Lazarevsky district of Sochi, Krasnodar region, Russia) and in the laboratory of plant physiology and biochemistry. The study involved traditional and advanced research methods.

Results and discussion. The paper introduces some results of a comprehensive analysis of the biochemical composition of various tea sorts. Shoots No. 2264, 3823, and the “Sochi” variety demonstrated high values of ascorbic acid. Form No. 3823 and the “Sochi” variety proved to have a relatively stable content of ascorbic acid. All experimental plants had the highest caffeine synthesis in July (from 24.633 to 28.614 μg/100 g). Processing destroyed caffeine and reduced its amount. The experimental samples of raw materials had eleven amino acids, the largest number being synthesized in May. Processing triggered both general changes in their quantity and varietal differences in the metabolic reactions of amino acid conversion.

Conclusion. The tea flushes and finished products differed in all biologically active substances, which is associated with both varietal characteristics and the effect of weather conditions during vegetation.
Physicochemical properties and biological activity of extracts of dried biomass of callus and suspension cells and in vitro root cultures
Authors: Yang Yong , Asyakina Lyudmila , Babich Olga , Dyshluk Lyubov , Sukhikh Stanislav , Popov Alexander , Kostyushina Nina
Published: October 2020

Introduction. One of the urgent problems of medicine and biology is the use of plant objects as industrial producers of target metabolites in vitro. In vitro cells can be used as pharmaceutical preparations. Study objects and methods. The present research featured medicinal plants that grow in the Siberian Federal district and are a popular source of medicinal raw materials. The physicochemical properties, e.g. total ash content in extracts, the content of heavy metals, the content of organic solvents in the extracts, and the mass loss upon drying was determined by standard methods. The antimicrobial properties of in vitro extracts were determined by the diffusion method and the method based on optical density measurement. The list of opportunistic and pathogenic test strains included the following microorganisms: E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. vulgaris ATCC 63, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and C. albicans EMTC 34. The number of viable cancer cells was determined using the MTT colorimetric method. Results and discussion. The paper describes the physicochemical properties, safety indicators, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and antitumor properties of extracts of a complex of biologically active substances obtained in vitro from the dried biomass of callus and suspension cell cultures and root cultures. The root extracts proved to have the maximum antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. They could reduce the survival rate of cancer cells to 24.8–36.8 %. Conclusion. The research featured extracts obtained from the dried biomass of callus and suspension cell cultures and root cultures in vitro of safflower leuzea (Leuzea carthamoides L.), Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola rosea L.), various sorts of skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis L., Scutellaria andrachnoides L., Scutellaria galericulata L.), Potentilla alba (Potentilla alba L.) and ginseng (Panax L.). The results showed that the extracts can be used for the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active additives with antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
Dietary Supplements Market Research
Authors: Antonova Irina , Vesnina Anna , Shadrin Vladislav
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The market of dietary supplements is actively developing due to the general deterioration of public health and the fact degenerative diseases affect younger population. Functional foods and biologically active additives can prevent and treat various pathological processes. Unlike pharmaceuticals, they provoke neither addiction nor allergic reactions and do not accumulate in the human body. Therefore, consumer interest in dietary supplements is a relevant research issue. The research objective was to conduct marketing research in order to study the current state of the market of dietary supplements. Study objects and methods. This research was based on a systematic approach and abstract-logical, statistical-economic, and graphical methods. Results and discussion. The marketing research made it possible to classify biologically active additives on the pharmaceutical market of Kemerovo (Russia). The market included 45 organizations and 15 brands. A sociological survey of 100 respondents revealed that the younger participants were familiar with the concept of dietary supplements. All respondents monitored the state of their health; however, their attitude to functional food additives was quite neutral. They used supplements for general health promotion and to solve particular problems, e.g. acne. On average, they took one course of administration per year based on medical prescriptions and recommendations of close relatives. The survey identified the most popular brands and producers of dietary supplements in Kemerovo. Most supplements were purchased in pharmacies and specialized stores. Packaging appeared to be the least important factor that affected the consumer behavior. The paper introduces some recommendations on attractive packaging. Conclusion. Biologically active additives replenish the necessary amount of nutrients to maintain health, which makes them a popular product on Kemerovo market. Further study is required, despite the obvious benefits of functional additives.
Potential Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Environmental and Pharmaceutical Sectors
Authors: Ul-Islam Mazhar , Ul-Islam Salman , Yasir Sumayia , Fatima Atiya , Ahmed Md. Wasi , Lee Young Sup , Manan Sehrish , Ullah Muhammad Wajid
Published: October 2020

Biopolymers and their composites have been extensively investigated in recent years for multiple applications,
especially in environmental, medical, and pharmaceutical fields. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has
emerged as a novel biomaterial owing to its nontoxic, high-liquid absorbing and holding capacity, drug-carrying
ability, and pollutant absorbing features. Additionally, its web-shaped three-dimensional (3D) structure and
hydrogen bonding sites have incited a combination of various nanoparticles, polymers, and other materials with
BC in the form of composites. Such BC-based composites have been developed through in-situ, ex-situ, and solution
casting methods for targeted applications, such as air and water filters, controlled drug delivery systems,
wound dressing materials, and tissue regeneration. This review details the production and development of BCbased
composites with different materials and by various methods. It further describes various applications of
BC-based composites in the environmental and pharmaceutical sectors, with specific examples from the recent
literature. This review could potentially appeal a wide readership in these two emerging fields, where novel and
advanced materials for different applications have been developed on a regular basis using BC as the base material.
Automatic Assessment of Cognitive Tests for Differentiating Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Proof of Concept Study of the Digit Span Task
Authors: Asgari Meysam , Gale Robert , Wild Katherine , Dodge Hiroko , Kaye Jeffrey
Published: October 2020

Background:

Current conventional cognitive assessments are limited in their efficiency and
sensitivity, often relying on a single score such as the total correct items. Typically, multiple features of
response go uncaptured.

Objectives:

We aim to explore a new set of automatically derived features from the Digit Span (DS)
task that address some of the drawbacks in the conventional scoring and are also useful for distinguishing
subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from those with intact cognition.

Methods:

Audio-recordings of the DS tests administered to 85 subjects (22 MCI and 63 healthy controls,
mean age 90.2 years) were transcribed using an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system.
Next, five correctness measures were generated from Levenshtein distance analysis of responses: number
correct, incorrect, deleted, inserted, and substituted words compared to the test item. These per-item
features were aggregated across all test items for both Forward Digit Span (FDS) and Backward Digit
Span (BDS) tasks using summary statistical functions, constructing a global feature vector representing
the detailed assessment of each subject’s response. A support vector machine classifier distinguished
MCI from cognitively intact participants.

Results:

Conventional DS scores did not differentiate MCI participants from controls. The automated
multi-feature DS-derived metric achieved 73% on AUC-ROC of the SVM classifier, independent of
additional clinical features (77% when combined with demographic features of subjects); well above
chance, 50%.

Conclusion:

Our analysis verifies the effectiveness of introduced measures, solely derived from the DS
task, in the context of differentiating subjects with MCI from those with intact cognition.
The Neuroprotective Role of Neuroserpin in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke
Authors: Ding Shanshan , Chen Qiliang , Chen Huaqin , Luo Bangshui , Li Candong , Wang Liang , Asakawa Tetsuya
Published: October 2020

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is commonly used to treat acute ischemic stroke
within an appropriate therapeutic window. Its inhibitor, neuroserpin (NSP), is reported to exhibit
neuroprotective effects on stroke. This review aims to summarize, from literature, the available
evidence, potential mechanisms, and knowledge limitations regarding the neuroprotective role of
NSP in stroke. All the available evidence indicates that the regulation of the inflammatory response
may play a key role in the mechanisms of NSP, which involve all the constituents of the neuroimmune
axis. The neuroinflammatory response triggered by stroke can be reversed by NSP, with
complicated mechanisms such as maintenance and reconstruction of the structure and function of
the blood-brain barrier (BBB), protection of the cells in the central nervous system, and suppression
of cell death in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Moreover, available evidence strongly suggests
a tPA-independent mechanism is involved in NSP. However, there are many important issues
that are still unclear and need further investigation, such as the effects of NSP on hemorrhagic
stroke, the role of the tPA-independent neuroprotective mechanisms, and the clinical application
prospects of NSP. We believe our work will be helpful to further understand the neuroprotective
role of NSP.
Динамика цепочек углеродных нанотрубок, расположенных на плоских подложках
Authors: Савин А.В. , Савина О.И.
Published: October 2020

The stationary states of an array of single-walled carbon nanotubes lying on a flat substrate formed by a surface of molecular crystal are studied. Numerical simulations has shown that when the interaction with the substrate is weak, it is energetically more favorable for nanotubes to form a multi-layer package, and when the interaction is strong (when the interaction with the crystal surface h-BN), it is more favorable for nanotubes to form a single layer package (i.e. the chain on the surface of the substrate). The dynamics of the nanotube chain has been imulated. It is shown that supersonic acoustic solitons can exist only in chains of nanotubes of small diameter D<0.8~nm, and the motion of the soliton is always accompanied by a loss of energy needed to excite internal vibrations of the nanotubes. Low-amplitude fluctuations have been analyzed. It is shown that in the finite chain of nanotubes lying on a flat substrate the localization of vibrations is possible only on the end nanotubes or on the nanotube forming a structural defect in the chain.

The reported study was funded by RFBR and DST according to the research project 19-58-45036. The research was carried out using supercomputers at the Joint Supercomputer Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (JSCC RAS).
Epidemiological Parameters of COVID-19: Case Series Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ma Shujuan , Zhang Jiayue , Zeng Minyan , Yun Qingping , Guo Wei , Zheng Yixiang , Zhao Shi , Wang Maggie H , Yang Zuyao
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The estimates of several key epidemiological parameters of the COVID-19 pandemic are often based on small sample sizes or are inaccurate for various reasons.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to obtain more robust estimates of the incubation period, serial interval, frequency of presymptomatic transmission, and basic reproduction number (R0) of COVID-19 based on a large case series.

METHODS

We systematically retrieved and screened 20,658 reports of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases released by the health authorities of China, Japan, and Singapore. In addition, 9942 publications were retrieved from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) through April 8, 2020. To be eligible, a report had to contain individual data that allowed for accurate estimation of at least one parameter. Widely used models such as gamma distributions were fitted to the data sets and the results with the best-fitting values were presented.

RESULTS

In total, 1591 cases were included for the final analysis. The mean incubation period (n=687) and mean serial interval (n=1015 pairs) were estimated to be 7.04 (SD 4.27) days and 6.49 (SD 4.90) days, respectively. In 40 cases (5.82%), the incubation period was longer than 14 days. In 32 infector-infectee pairs (3.15%), infectees’ symptom onsets occurred before those of infectors. Presymptomatic transmission occurred in 129 of 296 infector-infectee pairs (43.58%). R0 was estimated to be 1.85 (95% CI 1.37-2.60).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides robust estimates of several epidemiological parameters of COVID-19. The findings support the current practice of 14-day quarantine of persons with potential exposure, but also suggest the need for additional measures. Presymptomatic transmission together with the asymptomatic transmission reported by previous studies highlight the importance of adequate testing, strict quarantine, and social distancing.
Optimizing Engagement in an Online Dietary Intervention for Depression (My Food & Mood Version 3.0): Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Young Claire Louise , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Staudacher Heidi M , Kay-Lambkin Frances , Berk Michael , Jacka Felice Nellie , O'Neil Adrienne
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Online interventions can be a cost-effective and efficient way to deliver programs to large numbers of people regardless of geographic location. However, attrition in web-based interventions is often an issue. Developing ways to keep participants engaged is important for ensuring validity and limiting potential biases. We developed a web-based dietary intervention as part of The My Food & Mood study which aimed to optimize ways to engage participants with low mood or depressive symptoms to promote dietary behavior change. Different versions of the My Food & Mood program were tested during optimization. Iterations were developed based on user feedback and usage analysis.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to compare engagement and nonusage attrition across 4 program iterations—which differed by platform format, delivery mode, and activity type—to create an optimized version.

METHODS

Each program version contained modular videos with key activities with respect to implementing behavior change techniques of equivalent levels of required participation and length: version 1.0, desktop program and smartphone app; version 2.1, desktop or smartphone program; version 2.2, desktop program; and version 3.0, smartphone app. Adults with PHQ-8 scores of 5 or greater were recruited online and assigned to 1 of the 4 versions. Participants were asked to use the program for 8 weeks and complete measures at weeks 4 and 8. Engagement data were collected from the web-based platform system logs and customized reports. Cox regression survival analysis examined nonusage attrition and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared engagement across each cohort.

RESULTS

A total of 614 adults participated. Kruskal-Wallis tests showed significant differences across the 4 cohorts in all engagement measures. The smartphone app (version 3.0) had the greatest engagement as measured by weeks engaged, total usage time, total time key activities, number of active sessions, percentage of activities completed against protocol, goals completed, and percentage of videos watched. Cox regression multivariate survival analysis showed referral from a health practitioner (hazard ratio [HR] 0.344, P=.001) and greater proficiency with computers (HR 0.796, P=.049) reduced the risk of nonusage attrition. Computer confidence was associated with an increased risk of nonusage attrition.

CONCLUSIONS

My Food & Mood version 3.0, a dietary intervention delivered via smartphone app with self-monitoring tools for diet quality and mood monitoring, was the version with greatest engagement in a population with low mood or depression. The iterative design techniques employed and analysis of feedback from participants resulted in a program that achieved lower rates of nonusage attrition and higher rates of intensity of use.
Trends in Mineral Metabolism Treatment Strategies in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis in the United States
Authors: Hall Rasheeda , Platt Alyssa , Wilson Jonathan , Ephraim Patti L. , Hwang Angelina S. , Chen Angel , Weiner Daniel E. , Boulware L. Ebony , Pendergast Jane , Scialla Julia J. ,   on behalf of The Comparative Effectiveness Studies in Dialysis Patients Group
Published: October 2020

Background and objectives

With multiple medications indicated for mineral metabolism, dialysis providers can apply various strategies to achieve target phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. We describe common prescribing patterns and practice variation in mineral metabolism treatment strategies over the last decade.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In a cohort of adults initiating hemodialysis at Dialysis Clinic, Inc. facilities, we assessed prescriptions of vitamin D sterols, phosphate binders, and cinacalcet longitudinally. To identify the influence of secular trends in clinical practice, we stratified the cohort by dialysis initiation year (2006–2008, 2009–2011, and 2012–2015). To measure practice variation, we estimated the median odds ratio for prescribing different mineral metabolism treatment strategies at 12 months post–dialysis initiation across facilities using mixed effects multinomial logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses evaluated strategies used after detection of first elevated PTH.

Results

Among 23,549 incident patients on hemodialysis, there was a decline in vitamin D sterol–based strategies and a corresponding increase in strategies without PTH-modifying agents (i.e., phosphate binders alone or no mineral metabolism medications) and cinacalcet-containing treatment strategies between 2006 and 2015. The proportion with active vitamin D sterol–based strategies at dialysis initiation decreased across cohorts: 15% (2006–2008) to 5% (2012–2015). The proportion with active vitamin D sterol–based strategies after 18 months of dialysis decreased across cohorts: 52% (2006–2008) to 34% (2012–2015). The odds of using individual strategies compared with reference (active vitamin D sterol with phosphate binder) varied from 1.5- to two-fold across facilities in 2006–2008 and 2009–2011 cohorts, and increased to two- to three-fold in the 2012–2015 cohort. Findings were similar in sensitivity analyses starting from first elevated PTH measurement.

Conclusions

Over time, mineral metabolism management involved less use of vitamin D sterol–based strategies, greater use of both more conservative and cinacalcet-containing strategies, and increased practice variation, suggesting growing equipoise.
Humidity Degradation Study of Mesa-type Avalanche Photodiodes under Harsh Environmental Stresses
Authors: Huang Jack Jia-Sheng , Chang H.S. , Chou Emin , Jan Yu-Heng , Shi Jin-Wei
Published: October 2020

Avalanche photodiode is a widely used receiver component due to its high sensitivity and low noise performance. For many applications, the APD chips are required to maintain stable performance against harsh environmental stresses such as high heat and humidity. In this paper, we study the APD moisture degradation behavior under the harsh environment of high humidity (60-75%), high temperature (85°C), and high bias (-32 V). We present empirical acceleration factor form functions of temperature and humidity based on experimental data and provide quantitative analysis on the humidity dependence. The humidity coefficient of the mesa-type APD from exponential fit is estimated to be -0.00137.
Urinary Tract Infection in Children after Voiding Cystourethrogram
Authors: Al-Taher Raed , Mahseeri Mohamad , Abu Jame' Doa'a , Sahouri Jamel , Hudali Hiba , Haddadin Rund , Qutifan Ahed , Khresha Obada
Published: October 2020

Objective: Voiding cystourethrogram is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to visualize the urinary tract and bladder and diagnose vesicoureteral reflux disease. We aim to determine the likelihood of developing a UTI after the VCUG.Study design: A total sample of 125 children from the Jordan University Hospital who underwent 191 voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) were retrospectively studied between 2002 and 2018, ages four days till 13 years old. Urine analysis and Culture were sent from selected patients, for post-VCUG-UTI.Methodology: Electronic records were retrospectively reviewed in 125 pediatric patients at Jordan University Hospital.Results: 60.7% of VCUG’s were abnormal (i.e., vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or hydronephrosis). 5.24% had a negative urine analysis, 4.71% had a negative culture; 6.28% had a positive urine analysis, post-procedural urinary tract infection (ppUTI) was documented in 5.76% of the patients. The most common organism was Escherichia coli.Conclusions: Voiding cystourethrogram is a significant risk factor for urinary tract infection in the pediatric age group; it is still debated whether ascending infection due to catheterization or the presence of a urinary tract abnormality is the cause of infection. Further studies on a larger scale must be considered to study other contributing factors.
Problems and Countermeasures: Professional Cognition of Ideological and Political Education Major Students
Authors: Yang HaiQuan , Dian JuGao
Published: October 2020

The cognitive level of students majoring in ideological and political education directly reflects the construction of ideological and political education and the quality of personnel training, which is an important basis for further promoting the development of ideological and political education. From the dimensions of channel, degree, and behavior of cognition of ideological and political education major, we know that students of ideological and political education major have some problems in professional cognition, such as low starting point of cognition, low degree of cognition, single-channel of cognition, etc. We also try to strengthen the professional cognition of students of ideological and political education major from the aspects of correcting professional attitude, improving professional interest, strengthening professional cognition education, strengthening professional construction, personnel training and ideological guidance, etc., and further enhance professional identity, so as to better promote the construction and development of ideological and political education major.
Reformas electorales y representación política de las mujeres en Honduras (1980-2019)
Authors: Freidenberg Flavia
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se describen y analizan las razones institucionales de la baja representación de las mujeres en Honduras. A pesar de las reformas electorales aprobadas en relación con las medidas de acción afirmativa (cuotas) y al principio de paridad de género en el registro de las candidaturas en las últimas décadas, los niveles de representación política femenina continúan siendo muy bajos. Este artículo presenta diversas propuestas de reformas electorales que pudieran contribuir en fortalecer el régimen electoral de género en el país centroamericano y con ello generar mejores condiciones para una democracia paritaria
Tesis para la Era Atómica
Authors: Anders Günther
Published: October 2020

N. E. En febrero de 1959, en la Universidad Libre de Berlín (Freien Universität Berlin) , Günther Anders impartió un seminario de dos días sobre “Los Problemas Morales de la Era Atómica”. Al concluir el seminario, los estudiantes solicitaron a Anders que les dejara un “documento de discusión”. Anders les proporcionó sus “Tesis” expresando su deseo de que fueran usadas sólo para debatirse. En 1960, con el propósito de que sus “Tesis” fueran discutidas por un público más amplio, Anders publicó “Thesen zum Atomzeitalter”, en Berliner Hefte. Dos años más tarde (1962), su esposa Charlotte Lois Zelka tradujo el escrito al inglés y se publicaroncomo “Theses for the Atomic Age”, en The Massachusetts Review, vol. 3, núm. 3, primavera. En 1993, Anders publicó nuevamente este trabajo en su libro Die atomare Drohung.
Efectos de la escolaridad en el consumo de calorías y nutrientes de las familias mexicanas
Authors: Ceballos Mina Owen Eli , Guadarrama Gómez Humberto
Published: October 2020

Este artículo describe el consumo de calorías y micronutrientes sobre la distribución de riqueza y los niveles de escolaridad en los hogares mexicanos. Empleando datos de la ENIGH-2018 se estiman regresiones semiparamétricas del consumo calórico, así como de cinco micronutrientes a lo largo de la distribución de gastos y de los años de educación del jefe de hogar. A mayor nivel económico se registra más consumo de calorías y de micronutrientes; cuando se controla por la escolaridad, los hogares con menor capital humano realizan consumos energéticos elevados en detrimento de la ingesta de nutrientes.
The Influence of the Occipital Chamfer Inclination Angle on the Wedge-Ripper Force Loading
Authors: Myalenko Victor I. , Rudakova Svetlana I. , Marinov Nikolay A.
Published: October 2020

The tillage implement plowshare acts on the soil similarly to a wedge-ripper. This is the most loaded and fast wearing part. The wedge-ripper blade when worn usually becomes dull quickly, and an occipital chamfer is formed on the back side. It creates additional traction resistance, prevents the blade introduction into the processed area, reduces the productivity and quality of agricultural implements work. (Research purpose) To determine the occipital chamfer inclination angle influence of the wedge-ripper in the range of 5-25 degrees on the resultant loading force characteristics. (Materials and methods) The authors conducted laboratory tests of wedge-ripper experimental samples made with different occipital chamfer inclination angle on the blades edges back sides. The authors used installation for accelerated testing of soil-cutting parts and strain gauging equipment. On all samples, the wedge-ripper front surface inclination was set to 30 degrees. They changed the occipital chamfer inclination angle from 5 to 25 degrees. (Results and discussion). The authors found out that a change in the occipital chamfer inclination angle was accompanied by a change in energy indices during its movement in a sandy area. It was determined that the lower layer of the sandy area in the zone of the occipital chamfer did not fully penetrate the lower layers, and with an increase in the occipital chamfer inclination angle, a part of the sandy layer was unloaded in front of the blade and hit the wedge-ripper front surface. (Conclusions) The authors found out that with an increase in the occipital chamfer inclination angle at the blade edge, the wedge-ripper resistance increased when it was moved in a granular area. It was found out that in the contact zone between the occipital chamfer and the lower layers of the processed area at small inclination angles up to 5 degrees, the layer was crushed, and when the angle was increased to 25 degrees, additional unloading of the area in front of the blade was observed, which increased the working body resistance and the total energy consumption of the work process. The authors showed that for a direct wedge-ripper, the vector inclination angle of the resultant force to the horizontal decreased from 20 to 17 degrees.
Beta, gamma and High-Frequency Oscillation characterization for targeting in Deep Brain Stimulation procedures
Authors: Valderrama-Hincapié Sarah , Roldán-Vasco Sebastián , Restrepo-Agudelo Sebastián , Sánchez-Restrepo Frank , Hutchison William D. , López-Ríos Adriana L. , Hernández Alher Mauricio
Published: October 2020

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been successfully used to treat patients with Parkinson’s Disease. DBS employs an electrode that regulates the oscillatory activity of the basal ganglia, such as the subthalamic nucleus (STN). A critical point during the surgical implantation of such electrode is the precise localization of the target. This is done using presurgical images, stereotactic frames, and microelectrode recordings (MER). The latter allows neurophysiologists to visualize the electrical activity of different structures along the surgical track, each of them with well-defined variations in the frequency pattern; however, this is far from an automatic or semi-automatic method to help these specialists make decisions concerning the surgical target. To pave the way to automation, we analyzed three frequency bands in MER signals acquired from 11 patients undergoing DBS: beta (13-40 Hz), gamma (40-200 Hz), and high-frequency oscillations (HFO – 201-400 Hz). In this study, we propose and assess five indexes in order to detect the STN: variations in autoregressive parameters and their derivative along the surgical track, the energy of each band calculated using the Yule-Walker power spectral density, the high-to-low (H/L) ratio, and its derivative. We found that the derivative of one parameter of the beta band and the H/L ratio of the HFO/gamma bands produced errors in STN targeting like those reported in the literature produced by image-based methods (<2 mm). Although the indexes introduced here are simple to compute and could be applied in real time, further studies must be conducted to be able to generalize their results.
Brazilian farmer perception of dynamic capability and performance over the adoption of enterprise resource planning technology
Authors: Júnior Caetano Haberli , Spers Eduardo Eugênio , Oliveira Tiago , Yanaze Mitsuru
Published: October 2020

The study investigates the perceptions of the effects and impacts on the performance of agricultural and livestock farms based on the view of obtaining dynamic capabilities by the adoption of enterprise resource planning (ERP) technology. The dimensions for measuring farmers’ perceptions of ERP adoption were technological, organizational and environmental and their diffusion and the impacts measured on dynamic capabilities were on internal operations, costs, sales and natural resources. A total of 502 farmers directly involved in managing the production, located in the main agricultural areas of Brazil were interviewed. The results indicated that the perception of obtaining dynamic capabilities in the farms by adopting the ERP was significant, but with lower levels in costs and natural resources. The influence of farm size on ERP adoption and its perception on farm performance was not significant. The proposed model proved to be adequate and can be validated and compared with other producing regions.
Kajian Tentang Uji Jalan Kendaraan Listrik Dengan Studi Kasus Perjalanan Bandung Jakarta
Authors: Dawami Maulana Dwi Nur , Heryanto Heryanto , Dani Akhmad Wahyu
Published: October 2020

Kendaraan bermotor listrik (KBL) berperan penting dalam peningkatan efisiensi energi, ketahanan energi, konservasi energi sektor transportasi, dan terwujudnya energi bersih, kualitas udara bersih dan ramah lingkungan, serta komitmen Indonesia menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut pemerintah telah menetapkan Peraturan Presiden No. 55 tahun 2019. Ketika melakukan perjalanan terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu dicatat untuk pengambilan data seperti jam berangkat, lokasi keberangkatan, kondisi baterai dan kWh pada saat berangkat, jam tiba di titik pemberhentian, sisa baterai, kWh ketika tiba, mode berkendara, jarak tempuh, kondisi jalan, rata-rata kecepatan, dan besar AC. Pada saat pengisian diantaranya jam mulai, lokasi pengisian, presentase baterai pada saat mulai dan selesai, jam selesai dan konsumsi kWh ketika 80% dan ketika 100% atau selesai pengisian, total kWh, serta jenis charger. Jarak yang telah ditempuh sekitar 180,6 km dengan total konsumsi baterai 154%. Total waktu pada saat melakukan pengecasan 173 menit, total konsumsi kWh untuk pengisian sebanyak 25,03 kWh dan ketika perjalanan sebesar 24,54 kWh dan ketika perjalanan di dapat nilai efisiensi 7,36 km/1 kWh, estimasi biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk kWh ketika perjalanan sebesar Rp. 36.007,05 atau setara dengan 4 liter pertamax, sedangkan untuk kWh pengisian sebesar Rp. 36.726,01 atau setara dengan 4,08 liter pertamax.
Sistem Hitung dan Klasifikasi Objek dengan Metode Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Romario M Hamsy , Ihsanto Eko , Kadarina Trie Maya
Published: October 2020

Sistem klasifikasi objek ini di rancang untuk melakukan klasifikasi dan perhitungan jumlah objek terdeteksi pada suatu gambar. menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network yang telah dilatih, Metode CNN merupakan salah satu metode deep learning yang mampu melakukan proses pembelajaran mandiri untuk pengenalan objek, ekstraksi objek dan klasifikasi serta dapat diterapkan pada citra resolusi tinggi yang memiliki model distribusi nonparametrik. Kemudian gambar yang telah diterima dijalankan menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman python pada laptop operasional menggunakan platform open source spyder3. Input system ini adalah citra 2 dimensi dengan skala minimal 400 x 400 pixel dan skala maksimal 1600 x 1600 pixel. Setelah program dijalankan maka outputnya adalah sebuah citra yang dengan keterangan jumlah wajah terdeteksi dan keterangan framing terhadap pola wajah pada gambar output. Penelitian menggunakan tiga kelompok gambar percobaan, gambar kelompok pertama berisikan gambar dengan objek manusia, kelompok gambar kedua berisikan objek manusia  asli yang di campur dengan karikatur, kelopok gambar ketiga berisi gambar kartun berperawakan manusia. Pada percobaan kelompok pertama hasil deteksi mencapai 80%, Dan kelopok kedua di dapat hasil deteksi mencapai 75%. Dan pada percobaan gambar kelompok ketiga system tidak mendeteksi adanya pola wajah manusia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode CNN berpotensi untuk pendekatan pengenalan objek secara otomatis dalam membedakan jenis pola wajah manusia sebagai bahan pertimbangan interpreter dalam menentukan objek pada citra.Kata kunci: Convolutional neural network, Python, Spyder 3
Rancang Bangun Alat Transportasi Vertikal Menggunakan Atmega328
Authors: Perdana Aditya Wahyu , Sirait Fadli
Published: October 2020

Abstrak—Semakin dibutuhkannya transportasi vertikal dengan biaya terjangkau tetapi tetap memenuhi standar keselamatan, diperlukan banyak inovasi yang sesuai dengan teknologi saat ini yaitu salah satunya menggunakan mikrokontroler sebagai kontrol basis utama mengoperasikan beberapa system kerja alat transportasi vertikal, salah satunya dirancang prototype  lift dengan media yang relatife kecil dan mudah didapatkan yaitu Arduino. Alat transportasi vertikal dirancang menggunakan sebuah mikrokontroler berbasis arduino sebagai kontrol operasi utama lift, motor gearbox sebagai pengungkit pergerakan arah timing belt antara bandul dan sangkar lift, akrilik dipilih sebagai bahan prototype lantai, longdrat sebagai tiang pancang utama, kanal U berbahan akrilik juga dipilih sebagai rail untuk membatasi pergerakan sangkar dan bandul supaya tetap pada jalurnya, push button spst dipilih sebagai tombol pemanggil sangkar lift, pengarah tujuan lift dan emergency stop sangkar lift ketika terjadi masalah pada system, lampu led sebagai indicator arah tujuan sangkar lift dan posisi sangkar lift, batangan tembaga sebagai media level lantai. Penelitian ini mampu menghasilkan prototype dari sebuah lift dan sesuai dengan cara kerja lift dikehidupan nyata. Waktu tempuh satu lantai 12 detik dengan tinggi lantai 20 cm maka kecepatan dirumuskan (jarak tempuh antar lantai)/(waktu tempuh)=(20 cm)/(12 detik) = 1.6666667cm/det. Dalam pengoperasian alat simulator ini dalam waktu 8 jam mampu melayani 170 kali perjalanan bolak balik
Percepciones del estudiantado argentino de nivel superior acerca del compromiso, clima del aula virtual y tendencias a futuro: entre posibilidades y limitaciones en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Rigo Daiana-Yamila
Published: October 2020

La investigación que se presenta tuvo por objetivo comprender las perspectivas construidas por los estudiantes remotos sobre compromiso académico asumido y clima del aula virtual en contexto de pandemia en el nivel superior de educación. Del estudio participaron 109 alumnos de educación superior, de tres instituciones argentinas, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Universidad de Mendoza e Instituto Superior María Inmaculada.  Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron dos cuestionarios con preguntas cerradas y uno con preguntas abiertas. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes tienden a percibirse comprometidos y valorar positivamente el clima del aula mediado por plataformas digitales como modelo de educación emergente en respuesta al virus responsable de la COVID-19. Lo encontrado, ilumina futuros estudios que buscarán expandir los escenarios educativos para extender el clima de la clase en pos del compromiso académico de los estudiantes y de la mano de las nuevas tecnologías.
El trabajo experimental en la enseñanza de la Física en tiempos de pandemia mediante el uso de la aplicación II Ley de Newton en la UNED de Costa Rica
Authors: Arias Navarro Eduardo , Arguedas-Matarrita Carlos
Published: October 2020

La sistematización presenta los resultados del uso del Laboratorio Virtual II Ley de Newton en dos asignaturas de Física de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica. Este laboratorio permitió realizar aprendizaje experimental sin la necesidad de tener que asistir presencialmente. Se realizó una investigación-acción siguiendo una mediación práctica en la que los participantes deben de realizar una guía de laboratorio por medio de una aplicación. Entre los principales resultados se resalta que los participantes muestran una gran aceptación del Laboratorio Virtual como recurso de aprendizaje del componente experimental, por medio de un dispositivo móvil, y rescatan el valor de este recurso para el logro de aprendizajes en tiempos de pandemia, cuando el aislamiento social ha obligado al cierre instalaciones de las instituciones educativas y se debe mediar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje por medios virtuales.
THE ROLE OF DERMOCOSMETIC PACKAGING IN CONSUMER BUYING DECISIONS
Authors: Malinowska Paulina
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to identify the role of packaging as a determining factor in the purchase of dermocosmetic products, and to assess the impact of various elements and features of dermocosmetic packaging on product perception and buying decisions made by consumers. A direct personal interview survey covered a group of female consumers making regular purchases of dermocosmetic products in pharmacies. The survey revealed that although dermocosmetic packaging is not seen as one of the major determinants to purchase, its close connection to the perception of a dermocosmetic’s safety cannot be ignored. While shopping, consumers tend to consider the following features of dermocosmetic packaging: its effectiveness in protecting the product; label information; and product security.
Results on initial value problems for random fuzzy fractional functional differential equations
Authors: Vu Ho , Hoa Ngo , Son Nguyen , O’Regane Donal
Published: October 2020

In this paper random fuzzy fractional functional differential equations
(RFFFDEs) with Caputo generalized Hukuhara differentiability are introduced.
We present existence and uniqueness results for RFFFDEs using the idea of
successive approximations. The behaviour of solutions when the data of the
equation are subjected to errors is discussed. Furthermore, the solution to
random fuzzy fractional functional initial value problem under Caputo-type
fuzzy fractional derivatives by a modified fractional Euler method (MFEM) is
presented. The results are illustrated with examples.
Antifungal activity of plant essential oils and selected pseudomonas strains against Phomopsis theicola
Authors: Starovic Mira , Ristic Danijela , Aleksic Goran , Pavlovic Snezana , Özcan Mehmet , Knezevic Magdalena , Josic Dragana
Published: October 2020

Development of natural plant protection products as an alternative to
synthetic fungicides is of significant importance regarding the environment.
This study was carried out with an objective to investigate in vitro
antifungal activities of several essential oils extracted from oregano,
basil, myrtle and Turkish pickling herb, and the plant growth-promoting
rhizobacteria in the genus Pseudomonas, against the phytopathogenic fungus
Phomopsis theicola. Microdilution methods were used to determine the minimum
inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of selected antimicrobial essential oils
(EOs). All EOs exhibited significant levels of antifungal activity against
the tested fungal isolates. The oregano EO was found the most potent one (MIC
- 5.5 ?g/mL), followed by basil (MIC - 75.0?g/mL), myrtle (MIC - 775 ?g/mL)
and Turkish pickling herb (MIC - 7750 ?g/mL). Inhibition of Ph. theicola
mycelial growth was observed for all tested Pseudomonas spp. strains. K113
and L1 strains were highly effective and achieved more than 60% of fungal
growth inhibition using the overnight culture and more than 57% inhibition by
applying cell-free supernatants of both strains. A future field trial with
K113 and L1 cultures and cell-free supernatants, containing extracellular
metabolites toward Ph. theicola, will estimate their effectiveness and
applicability as an alternative to chemical protection of apple trees.
Discussion of Do Female Directors on Corporate Boards Make a Difference in Family Owned Businesses?
Authors: Karuna Christo
Published: October 2020

Magnanelli, Nasta, and Raoli (2020) examine the relation between female director presence on corporate boards and firm performance in Italy. Using the mandatory gender quota law that was introduced in Italy as an exogenous shock to the appointment of female directors on corporate boards, they find evidence that female directors on the board are associated with better firm performance, especially for family owned firms. However, how this study is positioned within the literature is unclear. My discussion is centered on this ambiguity.

JEL Classifications: G3; M1.