bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Goal Characteristics Questionnaire
Authors: Iwama Gabriela Yukari , Weber Felix , Prentice Mike , Lieder Falk
Published: December 2021

How motivated a person is to pursue a goal may depend on many different properties of the goal, such as how specific it is, how important it is to the person, and how actionable it is. Rigorously measuring all of the relevant goal characteristics is still very difficult. Existing measures are scattered across multiple research fields. Some goal characteristics are not yet covered, while others have been measured under ambiguous terminology. Other conceptually related characteristics have yet to be adapted to goals. Last but not least, the validity of most measures of goal characteristics has yet to be assessed. The aim of this study is to: a) integrate, refine, and extend previous measures into a more comprehensive battery of self-report measures, the Goal Characteristics Questionnaire (GCQ; https://osf.io/3gxk5/?view_only=1ff0e62127c64b82862a0fe7d73c4faf), and b) investigate its evidence of validity. In two empirical studies, this paper provides evidence for the validity of the measures regarding their internal structure, measurement invariance, and convergence and divergence with other relevant goal-related measures, such as the motivation, affect, and the dimensions of Personal Project Analysis. The results show that our goal characteristic dimensions have incremental validity for explaining important outcomes, such as goal commitment and well-being. It concludes with practical recommendations for using the GCQ in research on goal-setting and goal-pursuit, and a discussion about directions for future studies
A magia das portas quânticas
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira , da Silva João Marcos Costa
Published: December 2021

Apresentamos algumas portas quânticas e suas respectivas interpretações físicas.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN ASASMEN NASIONAL PENGGANTI UJIAN NASIONAL DALAM EVALUASI AKHIR PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Kurniawan Rizky
Published: December 2021

Munculnya Kebijakan Asasmen Nasional sebagai gantinya ujian nasional oleh Menteri PendidikanNadiem Makarim pada Tahun 2021, dimana nantinya ujian nasional bukan lagi hal yang menjadituntutan kelulusan peserta didik di kedepannya namun nantinya peserta didik diharapkan untukmenguasai Kebijakan system asasmen nasional dimana terdapat kemampuan bernalar dalammemahami suatu bacaan (literasi), kemampuan mengaplikasikan suatu metode hitung menghitungatau matematika (numerasi), dan survet karakter yaitu sebuah penilaian untuk peserta didikmengetahui keamanan, kerukunan, kondisi lingkungan rumah, kondisi lingkungan sekolah(terdapat bullying dsb), dan akhlak dari para peserta didik. Siswa dan siswi di sekolah akanditanyai hal yang mudah seperti gotong royong, Bhineka Tunggal Ika, bukan ditanyai mengenaiesensi dari asas Pancasila. Hal tersebut memberikan evaluasi bagi guru, wali murid, dan pesertadidik, serta pendapat dari penghapusannya ujian nasional yang diganti menjadi asasmen nasional.
On COP26, Indigenous futures, technological colonialism and liberatory technologies
Authors: 子 鬼谷
Published: December 2021

November readings: On COP26, Indigenous futures, technological colonialism and liberatory technologiesDecember 6, 2021 (Uneven Earth)
What governs attitudes toward artificial intelligence adoption and governance?
Authors: O'Shaughnessy Matthew , Schiff Daniel S. , Varshney Lav R. , Rozell Christopher , Davenport Mark
Published: December 2021

Designing effective and inclusive governance and public communication strategies for artificial intelligence (AI) requires understanding how stakeholders reason about its use and governance. We examine underlying factors and mechanisms that drive attitudes toward the use and governance of AI across six policy-relevant applications using structural equation modeling and surveys of both U.S. adults (N=3524) and technology workers enrolled in an online computer science master’s degree program (N=425). We find that the cultural values of individualism, egalitarianism, general risk aversion, and techno-skepticism are important drivers of AI attitudes. Perceived benefit drives attitudes toward AI use, but not its governance. Experts hold more nuanced views than the public, and are more supportive of AI use but not its regulation. Drawing on these findings, we discuss challenges and opportunities for participatory AI governance, and we recommend that trustworthy AI governance be emphasized as strongly as trustworthy AI.
Pengembangan Model Project Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Mutawally Anwar Firdaus
Published: December 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan model pembelajaran Project based learning (PjBL) dalam Pendidikan sejarah. Model pembelajaran PjBL sendiri sudah digunakan di negara-negara maju. Pembahasan yang akan dijelaskan pada artikel ini ialah pengertian Project Based Learning, landasan filosofis dan teoritis Project Based Learning, karakteristik model pembelajaran Project Based Learning, langkah-langkah pembelajaran Project Based Learning, peran-peran guru dan siswa dalam Project Based Learning, kelebihan dan kelemahan yang dimiliki Project Based Learning, dan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah.
Remotely provided open-label placebo reduces frequency of and impairment by allergic symptoms
Authors: Kube Tobias , Kirsch Irving , Glombiewski Julia , Witthöft Michael , Bräscher Anne-Kathrin
Published: December 2021

Background and Objective: Placebos being prescribed with full honesty and disclosure (i.e., open-label placebo = OLP) have been shown to reduce symptom burden in a variety of conditions. With regard to allergic rhinits, previous research provided inconclusive evidence for the effects of OLP, possibly related to a separate focus on either symptom severity or symptom frequency. Overcoming this limitation of previous research, the present study aimed to examine the effects of OLP on both the severity and frequency of allergic symptoms.Methods: In a randomized-controlled trial, patients with allergic rhinits (N=74) were randomized to OLP or treatment as usual (TAU). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, OLP was administered remotely in a virtual clinical encounter. Participants took placebo tablets for 14 days. The primary outcomes were the severity and frequency of allergic symptoms. The secondary endpoint was allergy-related impairment.Results: OLP did not significantly improve symptom severity over TAU, F(1, 71) = 3.280, p = .074, ɳ²p = .044, but did reduce symptom frequency, F(1, 71) = 7.272, p = .009, ɳ²p = .093, and allergy-related impairment more than TAU, F(1, 71) = 6.445, p = .013, ɳ²p = .083, reflecting medium to large effects. The use of other anti-allergic medication did not influence the results. Conclusions: While OLP was able to lower the frequency of allergic symptoms and allergy-related impairment substantially, its effects on symptom severity were weaker. The remote provision of OLP suggests that physical contact between patients and providers might not be necessary for OLP to work.
A Systematic Review of the Psychosocial Correlates of Academic Performance
Authors: Tindle Richard , Hamza Eid G. Abo , Helal Ahmed A. , Ayoub ALaa Eldin A. , Moustafa Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Understanding the psychosocial factors that positively and negatively impact on academic performance are important to help students succeed and persist within higher education. In this article, we conducted a systematic review to clarify and identify the psychosocial factors affecting university students’ academic performance. The initial search returned 1657 articles and 36 articles met the inclusion criteria. Inspection of the articles were conducted to identify the relationship between psychological and social variables on academic performance. We found that psychosocial factors were significantly related to university students’ academic performance. Specifically, academic performance was often correlated with social support, motivation, stress, satisfaction, self-efficacy, anxiety and depression, prior academic achievement, study effort, adjustment, family, and emotions.
Comparing findings from the random-intercept cross-lagged panel model and the monozygotic twin difference cross-lagged panel model: Maladaptive parenting and offspring emotional and behavioural problems
Authors: Kullberg Marie-Louise , van Schie Charlotte C , Allegrini Andrea , Ahmadzadeh Yasmin Iona , Wechsler Daniel , Elzinga Bernet M. , McAdams Tom
Published: December 2021

Objective. In this study we compare results obtained when applying the monozygotic twin difference cross-lagged panel model (MZD-CLPM) and a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to the same data. Each of these models is designed to strengthen researchers’ ability to draw causal inference from cross-lagged associations. We explore differences and similarities in how each model does this, and in the results each model produces. Specifically we examine associations between maladaptive parenting and child emotional and behavioural problems in identical twins aged 9, 12 and 16.Method. Child reports of 5,698 identical twins from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) were analysed. We ran a regular CLPM to anchor our findings within the current literature, then applied the MZD-CLPM and the RI-CLPM.Results. The RI-CLPM and MZD-CLPM each enable researchers to evaluate the direction of effects between correlated variables, after accounting for unmeasured sources of potential confounding. Our interpretation of these models therefore focusses primarily on the magnitude and significance of cross-lagged associations. In both the MZD-CLPM and the RI-CLPM behavioural problems at age 9 resulted in higher levels of maladaptive parenting at age 12. Other effects were not consistently significant across the 2 models, although the majority of estimates pointed in the same direction.Conclusion. In light of the triangulated methods, differences in the results obtained using the MZD-CLPM and the RI-CLPM underline the importance of careful consideration of what sources of unmeasured confounding different models control for and that nuance is required when interpreting findings using such models. We provide an overview of what the CLPM, RI-CLPM and MZD-CLPM can and cannot control for in this respect and the conclusions that can be drawn from each model.
Evidence against the "anomalous-is-bad" stereotype in Hadza hunter gatherers
Authors: Workman Clifford Ian , Smith Kristopher M , Apicella Coren Lee , Chatterjee Anjan
Published: December 2021

People have an “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype whereby they make negative inferences about the moral character of people with craniofacial anomalies like scars. This stereotype is hypothesized to be a byproduct of adaptations for avoiding pathogens. However, evidence for the anomalous-is-bad stereotype comes from studies of European and North American populations; the byproduct hypothesis would predict universality of the stereotype. We presented 123 Hadza across ten camps pairs of morphed Hadza faces—each with one face altered to include a scar—and asked who they expected to be more moral and a better forager. Hadza with minimal exposure to other cultures chose at chance for both questions. Hadza with greater exposure to other cultures, however, expected the scarred face to be less moral and a better forager. These results suggest the anomalous-is-bad stereotype may be culturally shared or learned erroneously through associations with population-level differences, providing evidence against a universal pathogen avoidance byproduct hypothesis.
The Project Implicit International Dataset: Measuring Implicit and Explicit Social Group Attitudes and Stereotypes Across 34 Countries (2009–2019)
Authors: Charlesworth Tessa , Navon Mayan , Rabinovich Yoav , Lofaro Nicole , Kurdi Benedek
Published: December 2021

For decades, researchers across the social sciences have sought to document and explain the worldwide variation in social group attitudes (evaluative representations, e.g., young–good/old–bad) and stereotypes (attribute representations, e.g., male–science/female–arts). Indeed, uncovering such country-level variation can provide key insights into questions ranging from how attitudes and stereotypes are clustered across places to why places vary in attitudes and stereotypes (including ecological and social correlates). Here, we introduce the Project Implicit:International (PI:International) dataset that has the potential to propel such research by offering the first cross-country dataset of both implicit (indirectly-measured) and explicit (directly-measured) attitudes and stereotypes across multiple topics and years. PI:International comprises 2.3 million tests for 7 topics (race, sexual orientation, age, body weight, nationality, and skin-tone attitudes, as well as men/women–science/arts stereotypes) using both indirect (Implicit Association Test; IAT) and direct (self-report) measures collected continuously from 2009 to 2019 from 34 countries in each country’s native language(s). We show that the IAT data from PI:International have adequate internal consistency (split-half reliability), convergent validity (implicit–explicit correlations), and known groups validity. Given such reliability and validity, we summarize basic descriptive statistics on the overall strength and variability of implicit and explicit attitudes and stereotypes around the world. The PI:International dataset, including both summary data and trial-level data from the IAT, is provided openly to facilitate wide access and novel discoveries on the global nature of implicit and explicit attitudes and stereotypes.
Why am I always late? Modeling the cognitive mechanisms underlying anticipatory timing under uncertainty
Authors: Kvam Peter D. , Hawkins Guy , Sokratous Konstantina
Published: December 2021

Responding to stimuli in a timely manner and anticipating the timing of future events both require us to internally track the passage of time. Models of timing on these tasks suggest that the subjective passage of time can be described as a noisy accumulation process driven by neural oscillations. In this paper, we show that the accuracy of these accumulators can be manipulated by occluding visual cues to the passage of time. Using a simple perceptual paradigm, we manipulate the total length of time that a stimulus must be tracked, the rate at which it moves, and the uncertainty that participants have about its position (length of occlusion). Participants consistently under-estimated the movement of the stimulus when it was occluded, corresponding to a drift rate in an accumulator model that was approximately half of what would be required to accurately track the passage of time. This results in consistently tardy anticipatory response times under uncertainty (Study 1) and an under-estimation of stimulus movement as it passes behind an occlusion (Study 2). Using a novel timing problems scale, we show that individual differences in model parameters representing subjective tracking of time under uncertainty predicted real-world difficulties managing time, tardiness, and procrastination.
Understanding Lay Counselor Perspectives on Mobile Phone Supervision in Kenya: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Triplett Noah S
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Mobile phones may present a low-tech opportunity to replace or decrease reliance on in-person supervision in task-shifting, but important technical and contextual limitations must be examined and considered. Guided by human-centered design methods, we aimed to understand how mobile phones are currently used when supervising lay counselors, determine the acceptability and feasibility of mobile phone supervision, and generate solutions to improve mobile phone supervision.Methods: Participants were recruited from a large hybrid effectiveness-implementation study in western Kenya, wherein teachers and community health volunteers have been trained to provide trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. Lay counselors (N=24) and supervisors (N=3) participated in semi-structured interviews in the language of the participants choosing (i.e., English or Kiswahili). The participants included high frequency, average frequency, and low frequency phone users in equal parts. Interviews were transcribed, translated when needed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes were compared across frequency of phone use following a mixed methods data transformation and integration approach. Results: Uses included: clinical updates, scheduling and coordinating, and supporting research procedures. Participants liked how mobile phones decreased burden, facilitated access to clinical and personal support, and enabled greater independence of lay counselors. Participants disliked how mobile phones limited information transmission, limited relationship building between supervisors and lay counselors, and disrupted communication flows. Mobile phone supervision was facilitated by access to working smartphones, ease and convenience of mobile phone supervision, mobile phone literacy, and positive supervisor-counselor relationships. Limited resources, technical difficulties, communication challenges, and limitations on which activities can effectively be performed via mobile phones were barriers to mobile phone supervision. Lay counselors and supervisors generated 27 distinct solutions to increase the acceptability and feasibility of mobile phone supervision. Differences emerged in specific themes pertaining to acceptability and feasibility by frequency of use.Conclusion: While mobile phone supervision was acceptable to both lay counselors and supervisors, there were also distinct challenges with feasibility. Researchers considering how digital technology can be used to increase mental and digital health equity must consider limitations to implementing digital health tools and design solutions alongside end-users to increase acceptability and feasibility.
Socio-Emotional Skills and the Socioeconomic Achievement Gap
Authors: Gruijters Rob J. , Raabe Isabel J. , Hübner Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Empirical evidence suggests that children's socio-emotional skills—an important determinant of school achievement—vary by socio-economic family background. In this study, we assessed the degree to which differences in socio-emotional skills contribute to the achievement gap between socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged children. We used data on 74 countries from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), which contains an extensive set of psychological measures, including growth mindset, self-efficacy, and work mastery. We developed three conceptual scenarios to analyze the role of socio-emotional skills in learning inequality: simple accumulation, multiplicative accumulation, and compensatory accumulation. Our findings are in line with the simple accumulation scenario: socioeconomically advantaged children have somewhat higher levels of socio-emotional skills than their disadvantaged peers, but the effect of these skills on academic performance is largely similar for both groups. Using a counterfactual decomposition method, we show that the measured socio-emotional skills explain no more than 8.8% of the socioeconomic achievement gap. Based on these findings, we argue that initiatives to promote social and emotional learning (SEL) are unlikely to substantially reduce educational inequalities.
Red Flags, Sob Stories & Scams: The contested meaning of governance on carework labor platforms
Authors: Ticona Julia
Published: December 2021

Labor platform scams are an opportunity to integrate scholarship about governance across social media and labor platforms. Labor platforms have borrowed governance mechanisms from social media to cultivate trust among users and remove problematic content. However, while these platforms may share governance strategies, labor platforms mediate employment relationships between workers and clients with different amounts of power. Based on a multi-stakeholder ethnography of carework labor platforms, online careworker forums, and interviews, this study describes scams on carework labor platforms. Labor platforms narrate workers into the role of technology consumers, constricting their own obligations to workers. Workers’ explanations of scams vary, with some contesting and others aligning with platform narratives. Some workers seek support in online forums, which remediate the harm of scams for some, but also enroll workers in unpaid labor. These scams challenge the assumption of antagonism between the interests of workers and platform companies and highlights the consumerization of work.
Awareness of Periodontal Diseases and its associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Pregnant Women attending a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Rajkarnikar Junima , Vaidya Samriddhi , Acharya Jemish
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are associated with high levels of gram-negative periodontal pathogens that apparently increase abundantly in the presence of pregnancy-associated hormones. Endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria enter the circulation at high levels to stimulate the production of inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators which are potent inducers of labor. The present study was conducted to assess oral health awareness and experience among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 167 pregnant women visiting a tertiary care center using self- administered structured questionnaire consisting of questions related to knowledge and awareness regarding periodontal diseases and its possible associated adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Results: Of the total participants, 55.7% said that they did not think gum disease can have adverse pregnancy outcomes. Only 35.9% had, at some point, consulted a dentist for bleeding gums and 36.5% of them had gingival enlargement during pregnancy but 46.1% said that they should wait for the delivery before they could do any dental treatment. Also, 40.1% did not know the safe trimester to undergo dental treatment and only 20.4% said the second trimester was the safest to undergo any dental procedure.
Conclusions: The study showed that awareness and knowledge of periodontal health among pregnant women was not satisfactory.
Keywords: Awareness; adverse pregnancy; periodontal disease; pregnancy outcomes.
Fish community structure along altitudinal gradients with relation to environmental variables in Ratuwa River of Eastern, Nepal
Authors: Rajbanshi Dipak , Limbu Jash Hang , Khadka Niraj , Kumar Prakash , Gurung Jeevan Kumar , Limbu Dil Kumar
Published: December 2021

Studies on fish community structure along altitudinal gradients of rivers are lacking in Nepal. This study was carried out to gauge the fish diversity and composition along elevational gradient in Ratuwa River. The altitudinal gradient varies between 70 m to 1300 m. Fish samples were collected based on habitat representativeness from April (spring) 10-18, July (summer) 10-18, October (autumn) 10-18, 2020 and January (winter) 10-18, 2021. A total of 3447 specimens representing 4 orders, 14 families and 36 species were identified. Both fish diversity and abundance of studied ichthyofauna vary with altitudinal gradient. The present study affirmed that fish species of Opsarius bendelisis, Schistura multifasciatus, Garra annandalei, Brachydanio rerio, Aspidoparia morar, and Schistura scaturigina are the major contributory species (>1%) for both space and time spectrums. Fish community structure testing for both to space and time showed significant difference in spatial spectrum (R=0.72, P<0.01) but no significant difference in temporal variation (R=-0.034, P>0.05). The present results hinted that fish assemblage structure varied significantly from low to high elevations, altitude, water temperature, water velocity, dissolved oxygen and pH was found as major influential factors (P<0.05) for species distribution.
INVESTASI JAMUR ENDOFIT DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT BLAS PADA PADI (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Sopialena Sopialena , Sofian Sofian , Tantiani Devi , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: December 2021

Penyakit blas merupakan salah satu penyakit utama pada tanaman padi yang mampu menimbulkan kerugian besar bagi para petani sehingga petani mengendalikan penyakit ini dengan menggunakan bahan kimia yang merusak lingkungan dan menimbulkan dampak negatif lain. Melihat pentingnya pengendalian penyakit ini maka dibutuhkan alternatif pengendalian dengan menggunakan agens pengendali hayati. Percobaan dilakukan di Kelurahan Sungai Kapih, Kecamatan Sambutan, Kota Samarinda, dari Desember 2020 hingga April 2021. Hasil percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial, yang terdiri dari tiga varietas, dengan lima perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak lima kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Ciherang merupakan varietas yang paling rentan dibandingkan varietas Kambang dan Pandan Ungu. Cendawan endofit yang diaplikasikan terhadap tanaman memberikan pengaruh yang baik untuk pengendalian penyakit Blas dan juga meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman, dalam hal ini cendawan yang memberikan efektivitas terbaik yaitu cendawan Trichoderma sp. yang mampu menekan intensitas serangan penyakit blas lebih dari 85% sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN AIR CUCIAN BERAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI SELEDRI (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.)
Authors: Saputra Junaidi Pangeran
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKAir cucian beras sering dibuang dan dianggap limbah rumah tangga padahal air cucian beras dapat dimanfaatkan dan memiliki potensi sebagai pupuk organik cair pada tanaman untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk kimia yang berlebihan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan efektivitas pemberian air cucian beras dan gula yang diperbanyak dengan air bersih terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman seledri. Metode menggunakan RAL satu faktor; 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, tiap ulangan terdapat 4 polybag sampel tanaman. Perlakuan A; 1 liter air cucian beras + 1 liter air bersih, B; 1 liter air cucian beras + 1 liter air bersih, C; 1 liter air cucian beras beras + 1 liter air bersih + 2 gr gula pasir, D; 1 liter air cucian beras + 2 liter air bersih + 2 gr gula pasir. Pengambilan data umur 6 MST dan parameter diamati: tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), jumlah batang (helai), bobot segar brangkasan tanaman (gr) dan bobot segar tanaman (gr). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis one-way MANOVA dan dilanjutkan Tukey. Hasil penelitian efektivitas pemberian air cucian beras dan gula berbeda nyata pada perlakuan A, B, C dan D terhadap jumlah batang tanaman tetapi tidak berbeda nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar brangkasan dan bobot segar tanaman. Perlakuan A lebih efektif pada tinggi tanaman (23 cm), bobot segar brangkasan (7,31 gr) dan bobot segar tanaman (6,38 gr). Perlakuan C lebih efektif pada jumlah daun (31,63 helai) dan jumlah batang (7,31 helai).
ПРО ПІДХОДИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МІСЦЕЗНАХОДЖЕННЯ ОБ'ЄКТІВ
Authors: Федій О.Д. , Божуха Л.М.
Published: December 2021

Останнім часом значно збільшився інтерес до систем контролю персоналу, визначення місця розташування об'єкта, визначення місця розташування людини для розрахунку дистанції між людьми. На перший план виходять системи позиціонування в режимі реального часу. Актуальним питанням при проєктуванні системи є обрання технологічних підходів пошуку відстані до об’єкту та методів пошуку та усунення завад при визначенні місцезнаходження об’єктів. У роботі виконаний аналіз сучасних технологій та програмних засобів щодо визначення місцезнаходження об’єкта, що рухається. Пропонуються підходи щодо формування стратегії обрання принципів архітектури мережі при проєктуванні системи для подальшого розроблення технології усунення всіх можливих факторів, які впливають на визначення місця розташування з максимальною точністю. Проведено експерименти і надані результати порівняння використання різних підходів.
Magnetic Properties
Authors: Fickett F. R. , Goldfarb R. B.
Published: December 2021

This chapter provides a view of magnetism in materials used at low temperatures. The discussion covers the concepts, definitions, and systems of units that are unique to the study of magnetic properties. The chapter provides a description of some of the techniques and devices used for determining magnetic properties.
Scientific-methodical and practical principles for assessment of the key territories of the Eastern Podillya's econetwork based on the main criteria of their formation
Authors: Mudrak О. V. , Mudrak G. V. , Shcherbliuk A. L.
Published: December 2021

The article presents scientific-methodical and practical principles for assessment of key territories of the ecological network of Eastern Podillya based on the main criteria of their formation. It offers the system of appropriate approaches and principles to be applied for formation of the key territories of the region's ecological network. The principle of representativeness should serve as a main criterion for selection of the key territories, however, we still advise to consider three types of such territories – biotic (botanical, zoological, mycological); geographical (landscape; biogeographical); geozoological (object; categorical; functional). Such aspects as area, size, configuration, state of internal ecological balance should play a significant role in creating the key territories, however, the qualitative and quantitative composition of protected objects, degree of anthropogenic impact on natural and man-made ecosystems and types of conservation regimes are also extremely important. Matrix representativeness, which is widely used in EU countries, should be also of great importance in forming a network of key territories. It is based on the landscape-zonal principle, where the systems of natural zoning units (biogeographical, geobotanical, floristic, forest typological, zoogeographical, physical-geographical) form the matrix of biodiversity species and landscapes. According to this principle, the basis for creation of key territories should by all means include typical (indicator) species of biodiversity, landscapes of all natural zones, subzones, regions, provinces, sub-provinces, districts. The field surveys of Eastern Podillya led us to a conclusion that a significant number of key territories do not perform a function of preserving biotic and landscape diversity. The conducted field researches allowed establishing the fact that there is a risk of losing such diversity under current ecological conditions of the region. Therefore, using the principle of representativeness, we presented a method of assessing the key territories of the Eastern Podillya's ecological network based on the main criteria of their formation. The main criteria include degree of naturalness of a certain key territory, its floristic and faunistic significance, landscape-coenotic and specific (relating to species) representativeness, purpose of a key territory, and its protected status (regime).
O PROFISSIONAL DE AUDITORIA
Authors: Krüger Cristiane , Santos Rafaelly Moraes dos , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias
Published: December 2021

Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se analisar a relação entre as escalas de intenção de escolha da carreira e engajamento no trabalho, para o profissional de auditoria. A metodologia é quantitativa, descritiva, adotando-se como procedimento técnico a pesquisa de levantamento. O referencial é fundamentado na Teoria do Comportamento Planejado e no Engajamento no Trabalho. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de questionário. Participaram da pesquisa 312 profissionais de auditoria brasileiros. A análise dos dados compreendeu estatística descritiva, confiabilidade, normalidade e correlação. Os resultados revelaram que os profissionais de auditoria estão felizes em seguir nessa área, se sentem confiantes e acreditam na sua capacidade profissional, pretendem crescer na carreira de auditoria nos próximos anos e consideram como referência os profissionais da área. Apontam ainda, que esses profissionais apresentam elevados níveis de vigor, dedicação e concentração, evidenciando que se encontram altamente engajados no trabalho. A correlação demonstrou associações significativas e positivas entre as dimensões de intenção em seguir a carreira e engajamento no trabalho. Além disso, variáveis do perfil como idade, estado civil, escolaridade, satisfação, renda e tempo de atuação podem contribuir para a intenção de escolha da carreira e o engajamento no trabalho dos profissionais de auditoria. O estudo apresenta contribuições teóricas e práticas sobre engajamento e comportamento planejado, amenizando a lacuna existente na literatura.
RESEARCH OF PROPENSITY TO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, I. V. Sopivnyk , O. V. Choban
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the influence of emergency factors on the tenden-cy to aggressive behaviour among students. We conducted a study in Ukraine during 2016-2020 in emergency situations. In 2016, for the third year in a row, a military emergency situation con-tinued in eastern Ukraine, which left its mark on all the country's youth. In 2020, young people were exposed to a medical and biological emergency due to the Covid-19 pandemic. We made two diagnostic sections, respectively, in 2016 and 2020 using the same method of "Aggressive behaviour" (according to E. Ilin and P. Kovaliov). The results of the study show that there is a direct connection between a young person's stay in an emergency situation and an increase in the level of aggressive behaviour, in particular direct, physical one. Therefore, in emergency situations, it is necessary to develop and implement programs for the socio-psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of young people.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIDACTIC PRINCIPLE OF SYSTEMATIZATION AND CONTINUITY IN ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, O. Yu. Balalaieva
Published: December 2021

The article deals with a relevant issue of studying the didactic potential of electronic textbooks, which has become particularly timely in the context of significant challenges to the education system caused by the pandemic. Contemporary scholars note that current educational practice is well ahead of the development of scientifically sound patterns and conditions for the formation and functioning of the components of the didactic system of e-learning. The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive and negative aspects of the implementation of the didactic principle of systematization and continuity in electronic textbooks. According to the research aim advantages and disadvantages of using electronic textbooks, in particular in of realization didactic principle of systematization and continuity are analyzed in the paper. It was found, that the expanded capacity of electronic textbooks will not only allow to implement that principle on the qualitatively new level but at the same time increase the didactic risks of their realization. The requirements for electronic textbooks, which will allow to minimize didactic risks and prevent potential negative impact on the educational process are formulated. While designing an e-textbook it is necessary to follow the sequence of presentation of educational material in a systematic and structured form and take into account the purpose, tasks, competencies to be formed and specific of a particular subject. Authors should take into account the retrospective and prospective relations of the educational material in order to ensure continuity in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. It is recommended to adhere to the general conceptual framework, use unified terminology, avoid duplication of educational material, methodically unsound hyperlinks, because the abuse both external and internal hyperlinks distracts from the main course of material presentation.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit pada Hewan Kucing Berbasis Web
Authors: Ramadhan Faiz Zaki , Aditya Gilang , Nainggolan Purnama Dileon Yamora , Adhinata Faisal Dharma
Published: December 2021

Tahun 2018 Rakuten Insight menyurvei hewan jinak di Asia. Survei diikuti 97.000 responden dari benua asia timur dan asia tenggara. bahwa 59% orang memiliki binatang peliharaan. Dari banyaknya peliharaan, kucing menjadi pilihan, terutama diIndonesia. sebanyak  47% orang memelihara kucing. Kucing  terkadang sering terkena penyakit, dan  kita suka bingung apa yang terjadi dengan hewan kita, dan bagaimana cara kita bisa mengobatinya, terutama kota yang tidak memiliki rumah perawatan hewan. Untuk mengetahui penyakit apa yang diderita kucing, diperlukan informasi medis untuk mengetahui itu, sedangkan yang kita tahu masih sangat terbatas. akibatnya dibutuhkan sistem guna menyampaikan pengetahuan seperti seseorang pakar, penulis membuat sistem dimana berisi pengetahuan seseorang ahli penyakit pada kucing, agar masyarakat  yang awam dapat mengetahui jenis penyakit serta penyembuhanya, rancangan sistem pakar menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes dimana pengklasifikasian probabilitasnya sederhana. keuntunganya naïve bayes hanya membutuhkan data kecil pelatihan untuk proses klasifikasi yang diperlukkan untuk parameter dalam membantu membuat sistem identifikasi penyakit. hasil contoh,  kita menginputkan gejala-gejala seperti bulu rontok, lingkaran merah pada kulit, serta bercak putih seperti ketombe,  dimana merupakan gejala pernyakit kadas seperti yang ada disystem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan diagnosa penyakit kucing menggunakan naïve bayes dapat menghasilkan akurasi 93%.
Penerapan Data Mining Association Rule Menggunakan Algoritma FP-Growth Untuk Persediaan Sparepart Pada Bengkel
Authors: Guntoro Guntoro , Hutabarat Charles Parmonangan
Published: December 2021

Many individuals are interested in starting a workshop. By responding to each customer's desires, the workshop company may continue to develop, and so the data mining technique can address this challenge. The FP-Growth algorithm is one of the methods that may be used to determine the stock availability of automotive spare components such as engine oil, spark plugs, oil filters, ac filters, batteries, tires, and so on. This research is divided into four stages: problem identification, data gathering, data processing, and data testing. Based on the results of the testing, AK (Battery), OM (Engine Oil), and BS (Spark plug) received support values of 33% and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the BN (Ban) and KR (Kampas Bram) values were found with 33% support and 80% confidence. Furthermore, we obtain AK (Battery) and OM (Engine Oil) with 33% support and 80% confidence, and BN (Tires) and OM (Engine Oil) with 33% support and 80% confidence. OM (Engineering Oil), AK (Battery), and BS (Battery Storage) are the abbreviations for the terms OM (Engineering Oil), AK (Battery), and BS (Battery (Spark plug)).
Otel işletmelerinin teknolojik yeniliklerinde COVID-19 salgın etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ARACI Serap , ERGEN Fatma Doğanay
Published: December 2021

Teknolojide yaşanan hızlı gelişmelerden önemli ölçüde turizm sektörü de etkilenmiştir. Özellikle otel işletmeleri, sundukları hizmetin kalitesini artırmak, misafir memnuniyeti yaratmak ve rekabet gücü elde etmek gibi bazı nedenlerle teknolojik yenilikler gerçekleştirmektedirler. Diğer yandan 2019 yılının sonlarına doğru COVID-19 salgının ortaya çıkmasıyla beraber otel işletmelerinin uyguladığı teknolojik yeniliklerin çeşitlenerek arttığı görülmekle birlikte salgın, otellerde teknolojik yeniliklerin hayata geçirilme sürecini hızlandırmıştır. Bu çalışmada turizm sektörünün önemli bir parçası olan otel işletmelerinin, gerçekleştirdikleri teknolojik yenilikleri belirlemek ve bu yeniliklerde COVID-19 salgın etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Mülakat formu için XXXX Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu tarafından 21.05.2021 tarihli 53 toplantı sayılı ve 03 karar no ile etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini Muğla ilinin Bodrum ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren beş yıldızlı otel işletme yöneticileri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada örneklem alma yoluna gidilmiş olup amaçlı örneklem yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Salgın dolayısıyla 9 katılımcı ile yüz yüze mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada otel işletmelerinin teknoloji kullanımının artışında büyük ölçüde salgının etkisi olduğu belirlenmiş olup ayrıca teknolojik yeniliklerin teması azalttığı, hizmet kalitesini arttırdığı, personellerin iş yükünü ve tesis içi kağıt kullanımını azalttığı görülmektedir Aynı zamanda uzaktan çalışma sistemi ile personel giderlerini yarıya indirdiği dolayısıyla genel maliyetlerin azalmasına katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Diğer yandan yeni teknolojileri edinmenin yüksek maliyet gerektirdiği ve emek yoğun olan turizm sektöründe misafirler ve çalışanlar arasındaki bağın zayıfladığı düşünülmektedir.
Usulan Pembaruan Tabel Faktor Langit pada SNI 03-2396-2001 tentang Pencahayaan Alami pada Bangunan
Authors: Hakim Fahmi Nur , Atthaillah Atthaillah , Mangkuto Rizki Armanto
Published: December 2021

Pencahayaan alami siang hari (PASH) ialah unsur krusial untuk dipertimbangkan pada desain bangunan karena dua manfaat besar yaitu efisiensi energi dan peningkatan kinerja dan kesehatan pengguna. Di Indonesia hanya terdapat satu regulasi yang mengatur tentang PASH dalam bangunan, yaitu Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) SNI 03-2396-2001. Selain belum pernah diperbarui kembali sejak dipublikasikan, terdapat sejumlah persoalan dalam SNI 03-2396-2001, antara lain penggunaan model langit seragam yang tidak lagi relevan serta adanya kesalahan nilai-nilai faktor langit (FL) pada tabel yang dicantumkan standar tersebut. Untuk itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan penggunaan model langit berawan standar CIE yang masih berlaku saat ini, serta mengamati nilai galat dari FL pada berbagai kasus uji dalam SNI 03-2396-2001 dan kasus uji 5.11 dalam dokumen CIE 171:2006. Metode analitik digunakan untuk menghitung nilai FL dan mengetahui nilai galat untuk model langit seragam pada SNI 03-2396-2001 terhadap langit berawan standar CIE. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan perbedaan nilai FL yang signifikan untuk kasus H/D < 1,0, dengan galat maksimum sebesar 163% untuk H/D = L/D = 0,1, serta 34% pada kasus uji 5.11 dalam dokumen CIE 171:2006, sehingga dapat menimbulkan kesalahan yang serius dalam praktik desain bangunan.
The Effectiveness of Crossword Puzzle in Improving Mufradat Skills
Authors: Khaira Mutia
Published: December 2021

Arabic mufradat is an element of various language elements, where the richness of vocabulary is part of the indicator of language proficiency. In reality, vocabulary learning often encounters obstacles, therefore choosing the right media is part of an effort to overcome the existing difficulties. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the puzzle in improving Arabic vocabulary skills. This study was conducted with a quasi-experimental approach where data were obtained through pre-test and post-test. Based on the results, the use of puzzle games as learning media was effective to improve mufradat skills.
Learning Arabic for Beginners: Role-Based Small Group Discussion Cooperative Learning
Authors: Maulani Hikmah , Faqih Ahmad
Published: December 2021

This study examines the innovation of learning strategies through Cooperative Learning by using Role-based Small Group Discussion. The purpose of this study is to reveal indicators that influence the success of learning through cooperative learning using Role-based Small Group Discussion. This study uses a qualitative method with the implementation of structured interviews and questionnaires, the use of this data collection method is carried out to reveal the views of the participants honestly. Respondents who became participants were students who came from public schools without any experience in learning Arabic. The results obtained were found indicators in the use of Role-based Small Group Discussion, namely attitudes, abilities, and usefulness of the method.
The threat of lingua globalization towards vernaculars in South Sulawesi
Authors: Ramli Ramli , Setyawan Farid Helmi , Rampeng Rampeng
Published: December 2021

Indonesia seems to face the crisis of local language, especially in urbanization. The emergence of English as a lingua franca is undeniable to decrease the existence of vernaculars. The research aims to reveal the reason for urbanization giving the biggest impact on the Indonesian’s local language in South Sulawesi and how to maintain the use of local language is facing extinction in this century. This study applied a descriptive qualitative design by interviewing three subjects. They are lecturers and students. The interview result showed that globalization is one of the plagues that had the impact on vernaculars becoming threatened in this present day, influenced people to obey their vernaculars, and also affected the youths’ psychological order and their perception. It is due to the significant use of international or national language and the less effort from the government in maintaining the vernaculars, particularly in South Sulawesi. One suggestion can be proposed that local content needs to be involved in the Education sector e.g., intensifying vernacular use in school and family, and sustainably promoting cultural heritage to attract the society.
Wager on Global Food Prices 2001–2020: Who Won and What Does it Mean?
Authors: Becker Stan , Lam David
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of a 2011 wager between Stan Becker and David Lam about the trajectory of world food prices for the period 2011–2020 versus the period 2002–2010. The wager was a response to Lam’s 2011 presidential address to the Population Association of America, which showed that many health and socio-demographic indicators had improved over the previous fifty years, in spite of the addition of four billion people to the world’s population. Lam lost the wager, with the Food and Agriculture Organization’s price index for five food groups averaging about twenty per cent higher for 2011–2020 than for 2001–2010. Becker and Lam discuss the background of the wager, give their differing interpretations of the outcome and discuss future trends in population, food production and food prices. Lam gives a more optimistic perspective on future trends, while Becker raises concerns about rapid degradation of planetary ecosystems, species loss and global warming.
Schwarzfeministische Perspektiven auf Künstliche Intelligenz: Erkenntnisse und neue Fragen zu KI-gestützter Gesichtserkennung und Überwachung
Authors: Schelenz Laura
Published: December 2021

Schwarzfeministische Perspektiven auf KI bieten eine Analyse und Kritik von Techniken wie Gesichtserkennung und Überwachung, die Mainstream-Debatten um AI Ethics ergänzen und herausfordern. Der Beitrag zieht drei Analyserahmen des US-amerikanischen Schwarzen Feminismus heran (Unterdrückung, Hypervisibility/Invisibility, Widerstand) und diskutiert in Anwendung auf den Fall von Gesichtserkennung und Überwachung den Mehrwert der mithilfe dieser Analyserahmen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse. Dabei zeigt sich, dass KI-gestützte Gesichtserkennung und Überwachung im historischen Kontext eingebettet und im Hinblick auf ihre zugrundeliegenden Werte betrachtet werden müssen. Der Beitrag diskutiert Schwarzfeministische Lösungsansätze für ethisch bedenkliche Technik von reformorientierten bis hin zu abolitionistischen Ansätzen, welche die Abschaffung unterdrückerischer Technik fordern.