bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformaciones y aspectos socioculturales presentes en el Programa de Restaurantes Escolares de Medellín desde 1961 a 2010
Authors: Arboleda Montoya Luz Marina
Published: November 2016

Introducción: La alimentación es un acto sociocultural complejo, que contempla dimensiones biológicas, nutricionales, políticas y sociales, y su imbricación hace que se presenten inequidades, como las situaciones de escasez y accesos a la alimentación por medio de programas sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las transformaciones del programa de restaurantes escolares de Medellín (Colombia) e interpretar la percepción que tienen los beneficiarios de este programa.Material y Métodos: Perspectivas cualitativa e histórica; etnografía e historia del tiempo presente. La etnografía se realizó con escolares beneficiarios y sus madres y padres, concejales, coordinadores del programa, manipuladoras y nutricionistas. Para recolectar la información histórica, se revisaron informes y correspondencia del Archivo Histórico de Medellín y actas del Archivo del Concejo Municipal de Medellín.Resultados: El programa ha tenido diferentes modelos en la prestación del servicio y diferente cobertura; ha conservado la simpatía de los ediles y funcionarios de las diferentes secretarías. Este se configuró en los inicios, 1935, desde una visión de caridad, instituido por mujeres de la élite social, luego pasó por una visión higienista, nutricional, de derecho a la alimentación y por último, de seguridad alimentaria y nutricional. En los discursos y en las preparaciones suministradas se identifica la ausencia de referentes socioculturales.Conclusiones: Los programas de restaurantes escolares contribuyen a disminuir el sufrimiento generado por el hambre en escolares, pero no siempre son diseñados pensando en los aspectos culturales que comporta la alimentación.
Hábitos alimentarios y actividad física en relación con el sobrepeso y la obesidad en España
Authors: Marqueta de Salas María , Martín-Ramiro José Javier , Rodríguez Gómez Lorena , Enjuto Martínez Diego , Juárez Soto José Juan
Published: November 2016

Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los hábitos de alimentación y ejercicio físico de la población española en el año 2012 y su relación con el sobrepeso y la obesidad.Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de España del año 2012. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los hábitos alimentarios y actividad física en la población general y por sexos con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 90 años y un análisis de regresión logística multinomial calculando las RRR crudas y ajustadas a una serie de variables sociodemográficas para valorar el riesgo de presentar sobrepeso y obesidad según la adherencia a las recomendaciones nutricionales dadas por la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Comunitaria (SENC), el consumo o no de alcohol y la realización de actividad física regular.Resultados: Menos del 50% de la población española siguió las recomendaciones dadas por la SENC en el consumo de pasta y arroz, verduras, embutidos y dulces. Las mujeres siguieron más las recomendaciones de frutas, verduras, lácteos, pescado, embutidos, refrescos, comida rápida y aperitivos y los hombres las de pasta y arroz, pan y cereales y legumbres, en ambos casos con significación estadística. Más de la mitad de los encuestados (81,4%) no realizó actividad física durante su tiempo libre siendo los hombres los que la realizaban con mayor frecuencia. El consumo diario de fruta se asoció a un mayor riesgo de presentar sobrepeso (RRR ajustada=0,77; p=,008) y el consumo ocasional de dulces frente al diario se asoció a un mayor riesgo de tener sobrepeso (RRR ajustada=0,83; p=,005) y obesidad (RRR ajustada=0,73; p<,001). La realización de actividad física varias veces en semana está directamente relacionada con la disminución significativa del exceso de peso (p<,001).Conclusiones: La población española realiza poca actividad física en su tiempo libre. La asociación de determinados hábitos alimentarios y la presencia de exceso de peso no está clara, y este trabajo se suma a las contradicciones encontradas en la literatura al respecto.
A numerical method based on explicit finite difference for solving fractional hyperbolic PDEâ€™s
Authors: Saeed Abdulkafi
Published: November 2016

In this paper, a new numerical scheme based on explicit finite difference approximation for solving fractional hyperbolic partial differential equations (FHPDEâ€™s) is formulated. Numerical studies for the model problems are presented to confirm the accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results of proposed system are compared with exact solutions and the original system to show the efficient of the new method.
Analysis of candidate teachers’ opinions on how to benefit from history of science in science education according to decision-making strategies
Öğretmen adaylarının fen eğitiminde bilim tarihinden nasıl yararlanılacağına yönelik görüşlerinin karar verme stratejilerine göre incelenmesi
Authors: Kandil İngeç Şebnem , Erdemir Mustafa , Tekfidan Kamile
Published: November 2016

This study aims to determine candidate science teachers’ opinions on how to utilize history of science and whether their opinions display difference in terms of decision-making strategy variables and also to develop recommendations by means of acquired data. The research is a descriptive research based on screening model. Study group consists of 105 candidate teachers who are studying in Primary School Science Teaching Department.“Decision-making styles” four (4) point likert scale and five point likert type “how to benefit from History of Science in Science classes” five (5) point likert scale were used in order to obtain data. The findings shows that candidate teachers stated that they agree on use of History of Science in science classes with an average of 3,96±0,47. In their decision making strategies, they expressed that made logical decisions by 2,84±0,48, impulsive decisions by 2,56±0,41, dependent decisions by 2,25±0,32 and indecisive decisions by 2,35±0,50.A significant relation was found between candidate teachers’ opinions on utilizing History of Science in Science classes and their decision making strategies. It was observed that there is a relation between candidates’ situation of decision making and positive contribution of History of Science in classes in terms of conceptual and processual dimension. It was seen that opinions of candidates on utilizing History of Science in science education do not change depending on their decision making strategies. ÖzetÇalışmanın amacı, fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının bilim tarihinden nasıl yararlanacaklarına ilişkin görüşlerinin karar verme strateji değişkeni açısından farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemektir. Araştırma tarama modeline dayalı betimsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışma grubu grubu Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Bölümü Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Ana Bilim dalında öğrenim gören 105 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır.Verilerin elde edilmesinde “karar verme stratejileri” dörtlü (4) likert ölçeği ve “fen derslerinde bilim tarihinden nasıl yararlanılır” beşli (5) likert ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adayları fen derslerinde bilim tarihinin kullanılmasına 3.96±0.47 ortalama ile katıldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Karar verme stratejilerinde 2.84±0.48 mantıksal, 2.56±0.41 ile içtepisel, 2.25±0.32 bağımlı ve 2.35±0.50 kararsız karar verdiklerini belirtmişlerdir.Fen Bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının mantıklı karar verme stratejilerini kullanma düzeyleri ile bilim tarihinden kavramsal ve süreçsel anlamada yararlanmaya yönelik görüşleri arasında düşük düzeyde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının fen eğitiminde bilim tarihinden yararlanmaya yönelik görüşlerinin karar verme stratejilerine bağlı olarak farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Causes of failure from students’ point of view
Öğrenci gözüyle başarısızlığının nedenleri
Authors: Sezer Fahri
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to identify how   factors related students, their families and school (the teachers) have an effect on the failure of the students in primary and secondary schools. The study sample composed of a total of 755 students from 10 primary schools and 8 secondary schools in province of Balıkesir. Of 755 students, 358 students are from primary schools whereas 397 students are from secondary schools. Findings of this research showed that students are more likey to see themselves as the cause of their failures. Students have also indicated some other factors caused by their families, schools and teachers as the causes of failure although these factors have less effect than those caused by the students themselves. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul ve liselerde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin başarısızlık durumlarına etki eden (kendisinden, ailesinden ve okuldan-öğretmenden kaynaklı) faktörlerin neler olduğunun belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Balıkesir il merkezinde bulunan 10 ortaokul ve 8 lisede okuyan toplam 755 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu öğrencilerin 358’i ortaokul, 397’si de liselerde öğrenim görmektedir.  Bu araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde öğrencilerin yaşadıkları başarısızlıklara neden olarak daha çok kendisinden kaynaklı durumları görme eğiliminde oldukları saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin aileden, okul ve öğretmenden kaynaklı birçok durumu da kendisinden kaynaklı nedenler kadar olmasa da başarısızlık nedeni olarak gösterdikleri görülmüştür.
Investigando a prática pedagógica dos professores de ciências no município de Barra dos Coqueiros/SE: abordagem do tema manguezal
Authors: Santos Aldeci Dos , Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2016

­­­­­­­­­­­O referido artigo objetivou investigar a prática pedagógica dos professores de ciências em escolas do município de Barra dos Coqueiros/SE, quanto à abordagem do tema manguezais. A metodologia foi baseada na aplicação de questionários para professores que ministram aulas de Ciências nas turmas do 6º ano, de escolas das redes pública e particular, visando analisar de que forma o tema manguezal é abordado durante suas aulas de Ciências. Segundo os professores entrevistados, a principal fonte de referência utilizada continua sendo o livro didático; de acordo com os professores entrevistados, o livro didático não é o único recurso utilizado, tendo os mesmos a preocupação em buscar outros recursos para o planejamento de suas aulas; além disso, a maioria relaciona os conteúdos ministrados em suas aulas ao que os alunos vivenciam em seu cotidiano.
Educar para a Saúde no Século XXI: Fala de Professores
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto , Santos José Wildson
Published: November 2016

Educar em tempos de alta tecnologia é certamente um dos mais instigantes desafios para os profissionais da educação no século XXI. O presente trabalho procurou investigar como os profissionais da educação da rede de ensino estadual de Sergipe, especificamente professores de educação física, desenvolvem suas ações pedagógicas voltadas à educação para saúde.  Analisamos formação acadêmica, planos de curso e como estes concebem a saúde e a educação para saúde. Optamos por conceber a saúde a partir de uma visão holística, a qual é compreendida como um conjunto composto por diferentes esferas, e a partir de então discutiu-se com os entrevistados sobre a intervenção deste no meio escolar onde atuam. Estamos certos de que ações para o desenvolvimento da educação para a saúde no âmbito escolar não apenas são pertinentes como são institucionalmente orientados para sua efetivação, os quais, certamente, promoverão mudanças qualitativas e quantitativas frente a adoção de um estilo de vida mais saudável por parte dos educandos
A didática da resolução de problemas nas séries iniciais: um problema para o aluno ou para o professor?
Authors: Souza Campos Vanessa Graciela , Do Nascimento Souza Divanizia , Da Silva Veleida Anahí
Published: November 2016

Este artigo é fruto da análise das concepções que se têm acerca da resolução de problemas matemáticos, por professores que lecionam o terceiro ano do ensino fundamental. Participaram da pesquisa que subsidiou o artigo quatro professoras que atuam na rede pública e privada no município de Aracaju. Através de entrevistas, as professoras expuseram a forma como trabalham com a resolução de problemas e suas principais dificuldades. Os relatos das professoras evidenciaram que muitos professores pedagogos sabem que há uma importância em se trabalhar com a resolução de problemas no ensino da Matemática, mas não possuem embasamento teórico que oriente essa prática e, por isso, agem de acordo com o que vão aprendendo no dia a dia, em sala de aula. Desta forma, foi possível perceber que a resolução de problemas não é vista como tarefa fácil, nem para o aluno, nem para o professor.
Recursos midiáticos no Ensino de Ciências e Biologia
Authors: Almeida Ismael De , Carvalho Laís Jesus , Guimarães Carmen Regina Parisotto
Published: November 2016

A mídia vem conquistando, cada vez mais, seu espaço na educação, sendo utilizada como suporte na aprendizagem, facilitando a vida dos estudantes e os atraindo para o processo educativo. Este trabalho visa destacar as contribuições que a tecnologia pode trazer para a escola e problematizar esses recursos, além de identificar o uso de recursos tecnológicos, pelos alunos, no Ensino de Ciências ou Biologia. Para tal, foi aplicado um questionário em uma turma do 2º ano do Ensino Médio do Colégio Estadual Governador Valadares (Aracaju/SE), buscando respostas e opiniões relacionadas à utilização dos recursos midiáticos no universo escolar. Foi identificado que o recurso mais amplamente utilizado é o projetor multimídia. Com relação à utilização de recursos de mídia/informática nas aulas de Ciências e Biologia, 70% dos discentes informaram que já tiveram aulas que faziam uso desses recursos. E todos afirmaram que a mesma é importante no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, reconhecendo-a como uma ferramenta na educação. Porém, ficou clara, também, a necessidade de promoção de uma alfabetização tecnológica para os professores que não detêm essas habilidades.
Recursos midiáticos no Ensino de Ciências e Biologia
Authors: Almeida Ismael De , Carvalho Laís Jesus , Guimarães Carmen Regina Parisotto
Published: November 2016

A mídia vem conquistando, cada vez mais, seu espaço na educação, sendo utilizada como suporte na aprendizagem, facilitando a vida dos estudantes e os atraindo para o processo educativo. Este trabalho visa destacar as contribuições que a tecnologia pode trazer para a escola e problematizar esses recursos, além de identificar o uso de recursos tecnológicos, pelos alunos, no Ensino de Ciências ou Biologia. Para tal, foi aplicado um questionário em uma turma do 2º ano do Ensino Médio do Colégio Estadual Governador Valadares (Aracaju/SE), buscando respostas e opiniões relacionadas à utilização dos recursos midiáticos no universo escolar. Foi identificado que o recurso mais amplamente utilizado é o projetor multimídia. Com relação à utilização de recursos de mídia/informática nas aulas de Ciências e Biologia, 70% dos discentes informaram que já tiveram aulas que faziam uso desses recursos. E todos  afirmaram que a mesma é importante no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, reconhecendo-a como uma ferramenta na educação. Porém, ficou clara, também, a necessidade de promoção de uma alfabetização tecnológica para os professores que não detêm essas habilidades.
The Marginalisation of Finely Tuned Semiotic Practices and Misunderstandings in Relation to (Signed) Languages and Deafness
Authors: Tapio Elina
Published: November 2016

When people draw on the available modal resources (e.g. gestures) in specific contexts over time, those resources come to display regularities. The more a community uses and regulates those resources, the more fully and finely articulated their regularities and patterns become. Modes, organised by regular means of representation, are constantly transformed by users, depending on what the community needs. This paper discusses the way semiotic resources and practices, i.e. social actions with a history, used by sign language signers in visually oriented communities, as well as the research in such domains, have been marginalised. The paper reflects some of the main reasons for such marginalisation and argues how marginalisation is a result of some crucial misunderstandings in relation to (signed) languages, language learning, deafness, and disability. Research into human interaction, in general, has taken a multimodal turn. This paper suggests, through practical examples, how multimodally oriented research could enrich its view by recognising communication-practices inside visually oriented domains, as well as research in the area, instead of considering D/deaf and sign language related research as a specialised area of research.
The Impact of Literacy-Based Schooling on Learning a Creative Practice: Modal Configurations, Practices and Discourses
Authors: Norris Sigrid
Published: November 2016

Building on the argument that practices between teacher and learners in classrooms may differ (
Multimodal Thought Presentation in Chris Ware’s Building Stories
Authors: Morini Massimiliano
Published: November 2016

In their combination of visual and linguistic resources, comic books are perfectly suited, as objects of study, for the relatively novel inter-discipline of multimodal stylistics. Many graphic novels, in particular, have reached such a level of stylistic sophistication that it is only through a multimodal analysis of their techniques that their authors’ aims can be fully appreciated. The author of this article looks at the various techniques through which thought is bodied forth in Chris Ware’s experimental “comic box”,
A Procedure for Identifying Potential Multimodal Metaphors in TV Commercials
Authors: Bobrova Larysa
Published: November 2016

In the article, Forceville’s (
Matt Kish’s “Every Page of Moby-Dick, Illustrated”: A Multimodal Approach
Authors: Campobasso Maria Giovanna
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this essay is to address the multimodal nature of Matt Kish’s project Every Page of Moby-Dick, Illustrated, where Herman Melville’s 1851 masterpiece is set as paratext. Particular focus is set on the portrayals of Captain Achab, specifically “Page 153”, “Page 465” and “Page 469”. The basic theoretical framework has been offered by Alice Gibbons’ theorization of multimodal cognitive poetics and Sigrid Norris’ systematization of multimodal (inter)action. Useful insight has been lent by Sharon Cameron’s work on allegories of the body in Melville’s writing. The given analysis aims to pinpoint the elements of innovation in Kish’s work with respect to the canonical formal features of illustrated book and renewing of literary classics in multimodal terms.
Delphi4Delphi: first results of the digital archaeology initiative for ancient Delphi, Greece
Authors: Liritzis Ioannis , Pavlidis George , Vosynakis Spyros , Koutsoudis Anestis , Volonakis Pantelis , Petrochilos Nikos , Howland Matthew D. , Liss Brady , Levy Thomas E.
Published: November 2016

Digital media and learning initiatives for virtual collaborative environments are contributing to the definition of new (sub-)disciplines in archaeological and heritage sciences. New nomenclature and terminology is emerging such as cyber archaeology, cyber archaeometry, virtual worlds and augmented and immersive realities; and all of them are related to museums and cultural heritage—tangible, intangible or natural (Forte 2010; Liritziset al. 2015).
Between mountain and plain: new evidence for the Middle Palaeolithic in
the northern Susiana Plain, Khuzestan, Iran
Authors: Bahramiyan Saeid , Shouhani Loghman Ahmadzadeh
Published: November 2016

The Middle East generally (Bar-Yosef 1994)
and Iran specifically (Vahdati Nasab et al. 2013) have become a focus for the study of human migration
between South-west Asia and Central and Eastern Asia during the Pleistocene (Asgari
Khaneghah et al.2005; Biglari & Shidrang 2006; Heydari Guran 2012). In Iran, studies of the Palaeolithic have concentrated
on the Zagros and Alborz areas, but recent work in the sub-montane areas, desert
margins and lowland plains have also revealed interesting results regarding the
activities of hunter-gatherer societies (Biglari et al. 2000; Dashtizadeh 2009; Vahdati Nasab et al. 2009, 2010, 2013; Darabi et
al. 2012).
Improving our understanding of Londinium
Authors: Millett Martin
Published: November 2016

Our extensive knowledge of Roman London is the result of over four decades of large-scale excavation. In the UK, the establishment and growth of professional archaeology since the 1970s, coupled with the funding provided by property developers since 1990 (Fulford & Holbrook 2015), has transformed our understanding of both urban and rural sites—and nowhere more so than London. A combination of intensive building development in the City of London and the world-leading technical quality of many of the excavations means that Londinium is now probably both the most extensively and best-excavated major town of the Roman world. Knowledge generated by these excavations, however, has not always been made available through publications as it should have been. Although there is an important archive in which the records of past projects are curated, how and where to publish results has been a long-running problem, especially for the excavations of the 1970s and 1980s where post-excavation work was often not properly funded or supported. One major project to publish a synthesis of work on such sites in Southwark, south of the Thames, did result in a series of important volumes (Sidell et al. 2002; Cowan 2003; Hammer 2003; Yule 2005; Cowan et al. 2009), but a programme designed to provide systematic coverage of such projects in the City of London, to the north of the river (Maloney 1990; Perring & Roskams 1991; Williams 1993; Davis et al. 1994), failed to produce one of the five volumes promised—that concerning the archaeology of the key eastern hill. We also lack any up-to-date synthesis, a problem only partly compensated for by Dominic Perring's (1991) popular overview and Wallace's (2014) in-depth analysis of the evidence for the period down to the Boudiccan revolt in AD 60/61.
Al-Ashoosh: a third-millennium BC desert settlement in the United Arab
Emirates
Authors: Contreras F. , Carcacer N. , Thomas J. , Koljic D. , Murray M. , Bukhash R.M. , Al Abbar S.O. , Boraik M. , Zein H.M.
Published: November 2016

The archaeological site of Al-Ashoosh is a third-millennium BC settlement located in
the Rub al-Khali Desert (or Empty Quarter), 70km south of Dubai in the United Arab
Emirates (UAE) (Figure 1). This site
provides an excellent example of the type of occupation of the inland deserts of the
Oman peninsula during the period following the Holocene Climatic Optimum. Between
November 2015 and May 2016, the Dubai Municipality and the Sanisera Archaeology
Institute conducted excavations at the site of Al-Ashoosh. This site was discovered
during two seasons of survey in 2002–2003. This survey work, undertaken by the Dubai
Municipality and the Department of Antiquities of Jordan, identified 33
archaeological sites ranging in date from prehistory to the late Islamic period. In
2006–2007, more-detailed archaeological investigations of the area of Al-Ashoosh were
conducted, including survey, excavation and geological sampling (Casana et
al.2009; Herrmann 2012; Contreras & Carcacer 2016).
Growth of a progesterone receptor-positive meningioma in a female patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: O’Shea T , Crowley R K , Farrell M , MacNally S , Govender P , Feeney J , Gibney J , Sherlock M
Published: November 2016

Meningioma growth has been previously described in patients receiving oestrogen/progestogen therapy. We describe the clinical, radiological, biochemical and pathologic findings in a 45-year-old woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia secondary to a defect in the 21-hydroxylase enzyme who had chronic poor adherence to glucocorticoid therapy with consequent virilisation. The patient presented with a frontal headache and marked right-sided proptosis. Laboratory findings demonstrated androgen excess with a testosterone of 18.1 nmol/L (0–1.5 nmol) and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone >180 nmol/L (<6.5 nmol/L). CT abdomen was performed as the patient complained of rapid-onset increasing abdominal girth and revealed bilateral large adrenal myelolipomata. MRI brain revealed a large meningioma involving the right sphenoid wing with anterior displacement of the right eye and associated bony destruction. Surgical debulking of the meningioma was performed and histology demonstrated a meningioma, which stained positive for the progesterone receptor. Growth of meningioma has been described in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy, in women receiving contraceptive therapy and in transsexual patients undergoing therapy with high-dose oestrogen and progestogens. Progesterone receptor positivity has been described previously in meningiomas. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is elevated in CAH and has affinity and biological activity at the progesterone receptor. Therefore, we hypothesise that patients who have long-standing increased adrenal androgen precursor concentrations may be at risk of meningioma growth.

Learning points:

Patients with long-standing CAH (particularly if not optimally controlled) may present with other complications, which may be related to long-standing elevated androgen or decreased glucocorticoid levels.

Chronic poor control of CAH is associated with adrenal myelolipoma and adrenal rest tissue tumours.

Meningiomas are sensitive to endocrine stimuli including progesterone, oestrogen and androgens as they express the relevant receptors.
The association between subjective socioeconomic status and health inequity in victims of occupational accidents in Korea
Authors: Seok Hongdeok , Yoon Jin-Ha , Roh Jaehoon , Kim Jihyun , Kim Yeong-Kwang , Lee Wanhyung , Rhie Jeongbae , Won Jong-Uk
Published: November 2016

Objectives

We aimed to investigate the health inequity of victims of occupational accidents through the association between socioeconomic status and unmet healthcare need.

Methods

Data from the first and second Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance were used, which included 1,803 participants. The odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for the unmet healthcare needs of participants with a lower socioeconomic status and other socioeconomic statuses were investigated using multivariate regression analysis.

Results

Among all participants, 103 had unmet healthcare needs, whereas 1,700 did not. After adjusting for sex, age, smoking, alcohol, chronic disease, recuperation duration, accident type, disability, and economic participation, the odds ratio of unmet healthcare needs in participants with a lower socioeconomic status was 2.04 (95% confidence interval 1.32-3.15) compared to participants with other socioeconomic statuses.

Conclusions

The victims of occupational accidents who have a lower socioeconomic status are more likely to have unmet healthcare needs in comparison to those with other socioeconomic statuses.
Addressing Early Childhood Emotional and Behavioral Problems
Authors: Gleason Mary Margaret , Goldson Edward , Yogman Michael W. ,   COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD,   COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH,   SECTION ON DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS, Lieser Dina , DelConte Beth , Donoghue Elaine , Earls Marian , Glassy Danette , McFadden Terri , Mendelsohn Alan , Scholer Seth , Takagishi Jennifer , Vanderbilt Douglas , Williams Patricia Gail , Yogman Michael , Bauer Nerissa , Gambon Thresia B , Lavin Arthur , Lemmon Keith M. , Mattson Gerri , Rafferty Jason Richard , Wissow Lawrence Sagin , Weitzman Carol Cohen , Bauer Nerissa S. , Childers David Omer , Levine Jack M. , Peralta-Carcelen Ada Myriam , Smith Peter Joseph , Blum Nathan J. , Contompasis Stephen H. , Korb Damon Russell , McGuinn Laura Joan , Voigt Robert G.
Published: November 2016

More than 10% of young children experience clinically significant mental health problems, with rates of impairment and persistence comparable to those seen in older children. For many of these clinical disorders, effective treatments supported by rigorous data are available. On the other hand, rigorous support for psychopharmacologic interventions is limited to 2 large randomized controlled trials. Access to psychotherapeutic interventions is limited. The pediatrician has a critical role as the leader of the medical home to promote well-being that includes emotional, behavioral, and relationship health. To be effective in this role, pediatricians promote the use of safe and effective treatments and recognize the limitations of psychopharmacologic interventions. This technical report reviews the data supporting treatments for young children with emotional, behavioral, and relationship problems and supports the policy statement of the same name.
Evaluation and Referral for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants
Authors: Shaw Brian A. , Segal Lee S. ,   SECTION ON ORTHOPAEDICS, Otsuka Norman Y. , Schwend Richard M. , Ganley Theodore John , Herman Martin Joseph , Hyman Joshua E. , Shaw Brian A. , Smith Brian G.
Published: November 2016

This Clinical Report was reaffirmed June 2021.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical severity, from mild developmental abnormalities to frank dislocation. Clinical hip instability occurs in 1% to 2% of full-term infants, and up to 15% have hip instability or hip immaturity detectable by imaging studies. Hip dysplasia is the most common cause of hip arthritis in women younger than 40 years and accounts for 5% to 10% of all total hip replacements in the United States. Newborn and periodic screening have been practiced for decades, because DDH is clinically silent during the first year of life, can be treated more effectively if detected early, and can have severe consequences if left untreated. However, screening programs and techniques are not uniform, and there is little evidence-based literature to support current practice, leading to controversy. Recent literature shows that many mild forms of DDH resolve without treatment, and there is a lack of agreement on ultrasonographic diagnostic criteria for DDH as a disease versus developmental variations. The American Academy of Pediatrics has not published any policy statements on DDH since its 2000 clinical practice guideline and accompanying technical report. Developments since then include a controversial US Preventive Services Task Force “inconclusive” determination regarding usefulness of DDH screening, several prospective studies supporting observation over treatment of minor ultrasonographic hip variations, and a recent evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons on the detection and management of DDH in infants 0 to 6 months of age. The purpose of this clinical report was to provide literature-based updated direction for the clinician in screening and referral for DDH, with the primary goal of preventing and/or detecting a dislocated hip by 6 to 12 months of age in an otherwise healthy child, understanding that no screening program has eliminated late development or presentation of a dislocated hip and that the diagnosis and treatment of milder forms of hip dysplasia remain controversial.
Disclosure of Adverse Events in Pediatrics
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON MEDICAL LIABILITY AND RISK MANAGEMENT,   COUNCIL ON QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND PATIENT SAFETY, McDonnell William M. , Altman Robin L. , Bondi Steven A. , Fanaroff Jon Mark , Narang Sandeep K. , Oken Richard L. , Rusher John W. , Santucci Karen A. , Scibilia James P. , Scott Susan M. , Franklin Wayne H. , Adirim Terry , Bundy David Gordon , Ferguson Laura Elizabeth , Gleeson Sean Patrick , Leu Michael , Mueller Brigitta U. , Neuspiel Daniel Robert , Rinke Michael Lawrence , Shiffman Richard N. , Tieder Joel Sanford
Published: November 2016

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed November 2021.

Despite increasing attention to issues of patient safety, preventable adverse events (AEs) continue to occur, causing direct and consequential injuries to patients, families, and health care providers. Pediatricians generally agree that there is an ethical obligation to inform patients and families about preventable AEs and medical errors. Nonetheless, barriers, such as fear of liability, interfere with disclosure regarding preventable AEs. Changes to the legal system, improved communications skills, and carefully developed disclosure policies and programs can improve the quality and frequency of appropriate AE disclosure communications.
Um franciscano no Novo Mundo: frei Bernardino de Sahagún e sua Historia General de las cosas de Nueva España
Authors: Alvim Márcia Helena
Published: November 2016

Bernardino de Sahagún chegou à Nova Espanha em 1529 e permaneceu na América até sua morte, em 1590. O principal objetivo do frade era a conversão dos antigos mexicanos, e para o sucesso desta escreveu um manual no qual pretendia descrever o universo cultural pré-hispânico da Mesoamérica, para que os demais missionários pudessem averiguar a permanência da antiga religião, podendo predicar contra ela, quando necessário. Abstract Bernardino de Sahagún came to New Spain in 1529 and remained in America until his death, in 1590. Bernardino de Sahagun’s goal in New Spain was the conversion of the natives to the Christian religion. He wrote a book describing the indigenous cultural universe in order to help other missionaries to recognize the permanence of ancient religion, trying to eliminate it. Palavras-chave: Frei Bernardino de Sahagún. Historia General de las cosas de Nueva España. Missionários espanhóis. Key words: Friar Bernardino de Sahagún. Historia General de las cosas de Nueva España. Spanish missionaries.
O “milagre da onipotência” e a dispersão dos vadios: política urbanizadora e civilizadora em São Paulo na administração do morgado de Mateus (1765-1775)
Authors: Torrão Filho Amilcar
Published: November 2016

O morgado de Mateus foi o primeiro governador da Capitania de São Paulo após sua restauração em 1765. Uma das principais ações de seu governo foi a urbanização da capitania, com a ereção de novas vilas, e a sua reorganização espacial, de acordo com as novas diretrizes ilustradas do governo pombalino. Sua intenção era civilizar os habitantes, fixando-os em povoações civis, submetendo-os à autoridade real. Abstract Morgado de Mateus was the first governor of São Paulo Captaincy after the restauration of 1765. One of the first actions of his government was the urbanization of captaincy, with the erection of new villages, and the spacial reorganization, according with the new enlightened norms of Pombaline government. His goal was to civilize the inhabitants, to settle them in civil villages, and to submit them to the Royal authority. Palavras-chave: São Paulo. Morgado de Mateus. Urbanização. Key-words: São Paulo. Morgado de Mateus. Urbanization.
El tropero y el origen de la burguesía en el Cono Sur (Mendoza, siglo XVIII)
Authors: Lacoste Pablo
Published: November 2016

Este artigo aprofunda a análise sobre a carreta e o tropeiro, para definir em que medida contribuíram para o processo de construção de uma cultura empresarial na América Colonial, levando ao surgimento de uma burguesia. Atenta-se, em especial, para temas como mobilidade social, riscos empresariais, fomento do crédito em confiança ou por hipoteca de carretas, circulação de idéias e configuração de um ethos capitalista. Este trabalho constitui a continuação e a conclusão de um anterior intitulado “Carretas y transporte terrestre bioceánico: la ruta Buenos Aires-Mendoza en el siglo XVIII” (Estudos Ibero-Americanos, vol. XXXI, nº 1, 2005). Abstract This paper deepens the study on the wagon and wagon drivers as socioeconomic actors. The aims of the present work is to determine their contribution to the process of building of an entrepreneurial culture in colonial America South Cone. It focuses on the wagon drivers’ social mobility, entrepreneurial risks, credit networks, circulation of ideas, and the rise of a capitalistic ethos. This article is the conclusion of the previous paper “Wagon and Atlantic-Pacific terrestrial transportation: the Buenos Aires-Mendoza route, in 18th century” (Estudos Ibero-Americanos, vol. XXXI, n. 1, 2005). Palavras-chave: Carreta. Mobilidade social. Cultura empresarial. Key words: Wagon. Social mobility. Entrepreneurial culture.
Tradição e modernidade: a imagem e a questão da representação
Authors: Kern Maria Lúcia Bastos
Published: November 2016

O presente ensaio tem o fim de refletir sobre a imagem artística a partir de suas primeiras funções sociais e concepções até a modernidade, quando o artista estabeleceu a sua autonomia e tratou as questões internas à própria arte. Esta passou, assim, por um processo de mudança de paradigma, ao não se direcionar mais à representação e se tornar a expressão de idéias teóricas. É de interesse questionar os métodos de interpretação da imagem que os historiadores utilizam, bem como evidenciar na arte moderna as potencialidades para fornecer subsídios, apesar de sua simbologia mais hermética. Abstract In this essay the artistic image is thought of from its first social functions and conceptions up to modernity, when the artist established his autonomy and dealt with the internal issues. The latter has gone through a process of paradigm change, since it did not aim at representations any longer but became an expression of theoretical ideas. It is worth to revisit some methods of image interpretation that the historians have been using and suggest some reflexions. Palavras-chave: Modernidade. Imagem. Métodos de interpretação. Key words: Modernity. Image. Interpretation Methods.
Portinari e a arte social
Authors: Fabris Annateresa
Published: November 2016

O interesse pela pintura mural suscitou várias tomadas de posição no século XX, dentre elas, a defesa da difusão em ampla escala de imagens eivadas do compromisso do artista para com o próprio tempo e o próprio povo. No conjunto dos “ciclos econômicos”, Portinari demonstra que é possível “narrar uma história” sem aderir à versão oficial, apresentando uma visão crítica da sociedade brasileira a partir do tema nuclear do trabalho. Abstract The interest in mural painting has resulted in many decision-makings in the 20th Century, among them the defense of large scale broadcasting of images shot through with the commitment of the artist with his own time and people. In the set of “economical cycles”, Portinari demonstrates that it is possible to “narrate a story” without the attachment to the official version, presenting a critical view of the Brazilian society from the nuclear theme of work. Palavras-chave: Portinari. Arte social. Muralismo. Key words: Portinari. Social art. Muralism.
Santos Dumont e a conquista do ar: uma nova forma de ver o mundo
Authors: Fay Claudia Musa
Published: November 2016

No início do século XX Santos Dumont realizou a conquista o ar. Entre tantas invenções nenhuma teve tanto impacto e despertou tanto a imaginação como a aviação. As máquinas voadoras foram associadas à idéia de modernidade. O artigo analisa algumas imagens produzidas entre (1906-1930) buscando compreender as mudanças culturais provocadas pela nova forma de ver o mundo. Abstract In the beginning of the 20th Century Santos Dumont conquered space. Among a number of inventions none of them has had so much impact and has triggered so much imagination as aviation. The flying machines were associated with the Idea of modernity. The article analyses some images produced between (1906-1930) with the aim of understanding the cultural changes that resulted from this new way of seeing the world. Palavras-chave: Imagem. Arte. Aviação. Key words: Image. Art. Aviation.
Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and termites (Termitidae: Isoptera), Moron River basin, Carabobo, Venezuela: preliminary data
Authors: Riera-Valera Miguel A. , Pérez-Sánchez Antonio J. , Perozo José
Published: November 2016

Nineteen ant species of six subfamilies (Dolichoderinae, Ecitoninae, Ectatomminae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae) and two termite species (Termitidae) from Morón River basin (Carabobo, Venezuela) are listed here as part of a preliminary arthropod research. Despite of reporting a low number of taxa, this work constitutes the first record of ants from Morón, Carabobo state, Venezuela.
Amphibia, Anura, São Desidério, western Bahia uplands, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Valdujo Paula Hanna , Recoder Renato Sousa , Vasconcellos Mariana Mira , Portella Alexandre De Souza
Published: November 2016

The contact zone between Cerrado and Caatinga is among the least known areas in the Cerrado biome, and no information is available about the anuran species occurring in this area and their ecology. Along this area, seasonally dry tropical forests are common on the lowlands with some enclaves inside the Cerrado core area. Here, we present for the first time a list of species on this zone recognized as a priority area for conservation inside the Cerrado. We sampled anuran species within 30 km of São Desidério, a city in western Bahia, from habitats including temporary and permanent ponds in Cerrado and seasonally dry tropical forests, as well as veredas and marshes. We recorded 32 anuran species, belonging to 12 genera in five families. Hylidae was the richest family (ten species) followed by Leiuperidae and Leptodactylidae (eight species each), Bufonidae (five species), and Microhylidae (two species). The heterogeneity of this site could be demonstrated by the presence of species with different dispersal/colonization history with eight species (25 %) endemic to Cerrado, three (9 %) shared with Caatinga biome, two (6 %) shared with Atlantic Forest, and eighteen (56 %) widespread through adjacent biomes.
Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae, Pleurodema thaul (Lesson, 1827): Altitudinal distribution extension and new records from its northern range
Authors: Quezada Claudio Correa , Riveros Edvin , Lobos Gabriel , Velásquez Nelson
Published: November 2016

The current study reports five new localities of the four-eyed frog Pleurodema thaul (Lesson, 1827) in the extreme north of its distribution (27° to 30° S) in the desertic and semidesertic ravines of Chile, including an increase in its altitudinal range up to 3125 m.
Herpetofauna of the Bilsa Biological Station, province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador
Authors: Ortega-Andrade H. Mauricio , Bermingham Juliet , Aulestia Carlos , Paucar Christian
Published: November 2016

The Bilsa Biological Station is located on the Mache-Chindul mountains and protects some of the last rainforest remnants in the province of Esmeraldas, northwestern Ecuador. Since 2004, we have been inventorying the amphibians and reptiles of Bilsa. We found 109 species of herpetofauna (37 amphibians and 72 reptiles), representing 8 % and 18 % of the known species from Ecuador, respectively. We report distribution extensions for Sachatamia albomaculata, Hyalinobatrachium valerioi, Pristimantis muricatus, and P. rosadoi, and report the presence of several putatively undescribed species. We propose the Mache–Chindul mountains as a Key Biodiversity Area within the West Ecuadorian Endemic Area.
Reptilia, Squamata, Iguanidae, Anolis heterodermus Duméril, 1851: distribution extension, first record for Ecuador and notes on color variation
Authors: Torres-Carvajal Omar , Ayala Fernando , Carvajal-Campos Amaranta
Published: November 2016

We report the first record of A. heterodermus for Ecuador based on four specimens from Chilmá Bajo, province of Carchi, ca. 120 km NE from the nearest record (departamento Putumayo, municipio de Santiago, Colombia) reported in the literature. Two additional records for Ecuador are listed in the Herpnet database, from specimens deposited at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History and collected 18 km SE from Maldonado (ca. 8 km NW from Chilmá Bajo). We also present information about color variation in the recently collected specimens.
Amphibia, Anura, Dendrobatidae, Allobates femoralis (Boulenger, 1884): First confirmed country records, Venezuela
Authors: Barrio-Amorós César L. , Santos Juan Carlos
Published: November 2016

The presence of the dendrobatid frog Allobates femoralis in Venezuela is herein confirmed though recorded and analized advertisement calls taken at two Venezuelan localities.
Mesozooplankton and Ichthyoplankton composition in two tropical estuaries of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Marcolin Catarina Da Rocha , Conceição Bárbara Luciana da , Nogueira Marcos Moura , Mafalda Júnior Paulo , Johnsson Rodrigo
Published: November 2016

The objective of this study was to describe the composition of two mesozooplankton and ichthyoplankton estuarine communities in Jandaíra, Bahia (Tabatinga River), impacted by a shrimp farm; and in Conde, Bahia (Itapicuru River), a pristine estuary. Samples were collected through horizontal hauls using a net (200 μm mesh size), coupled to a flowmeter, during the ebbing and flooding tides in April, August and December, 2007. In the Tabatinga and Itapicuru Rivers 76 and 92 taxa were registered. The most abundant groups were Pseudodiaptomus richardii and Disco sp. Acartia lilljeborgi was also dominant at Tabatinga, while Temora sp. and decapod larvae were predominant in Itapicuru River, which also presented higher densities for most planktonic taxa, particularly fish larvae. A descriptive analysis of the main taxa´s spatial distribution and new geographical records of Disco sp., P. richardi, Pontellopsis villosa, Macrosetella gracilis, Microsetella rosea, Gonyiopsillus brasiliensis, Agetus flaccus and Ergasilus caraguatatubensis were presented.
Mammalia, Chiroptera, Thyropteridae, Thyroptera tricolor Spix, 1823: distribution extension in Ecuador
Authors: Boada Carlos E. , Tirira Diego G. , Camacho M. Alejandra , Burneo Santiago F.
Published: November 2016

In Ecuador, Thyroptera tricolor is distributed on the northern coastal region, in Amazonia, and in the foothills of the Andes between 50 to 1,800 m of altitude. We reported a capture of a non-breeding female at El Descanso, Los Ríos Province, in the central coastal region of Ecuador. With this record, we have extended the geographical distribution of T. tricolor in Ecuador 55 km further south. Using the available data for Ecuador, a predictive distribution model was generated using a Maximum Entropy approach.
Scorpions, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Porto Tiago Jordão , Brazil Tania Kobler , Lira-da-Silva Rejâne Maria
Published: November 2016

We report herein an updated and commented list of scorpions occurring in state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Data comprising a period of 100 years (1908-2008) were obtained from seven major Brazilian collections. Twenty eight species were identified and grouped in seven genera (Bothriurus Peters, 1861, Ananteris Thorell, 1891, Isometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, Physoctonus Mello-Leitão, 1934, Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876, Tityus C.L.Koch, 1836 and Troglorhopalurus Lourenço, Baptista and Giupponi, 2004) and two families (Bothriuridae Simon, 1880 and Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837). This new list increases in 50 % the known scorpiofauna of Bahia, which now represents approximately 22 % of the Brazilian species, recorded in all biomes and phytophysiognomies from the coastal zone to high altitude areas (3-1,268 m). Seven species are endemic to Bahia and three of them could be included in the Brazilian National Red List, which would promote action plans towards their conservation.
Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Heliconius sara apseudes (Hübner, 1813): distribution extension
Authors: Iserhard Cristiano Agra , Silva Ana Kristina , Quadros Marina Todeschini de , Castro Daniel Souza , Romanowski Helena Piccoli
Published: November 2016

This work presents new records and extends the geographic distribution of Heliconius sara apseudes in the Atlantic Forest of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Five new records were taken along butterfly inventories carried out between 2005 and 2010 in distinct phytophysiognomies at Rio Grande do Sul northeast region: Swamp Forest, Atlantic Forest stricto sensu and Araucaria Moist Forest. The fact that all registers occurred in well preserved habitats of the Atlantic Forest emphasizes the need of conservation of this biome in Rio Grande do Sul.