bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОДУКТОВОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ЯК ГОЛОВНОГО ЕЛЕМЕНТА МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ ТОВАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Лялюк Алла , Дригуля Микола
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Today, when the target market changes, competition increases or the marketing environment changes, the nature and pace of product development must also change. Different markets and competitive situations require different product development cycle lengths, degrees of standardization and support services. All of the above requires a rethinking of the role of marketing product policy, in particular marketing product strategy.
The purpose of the article.To investigate the essence of the product strategy, the peculiarities of product marketing, to analyze the foreign experience of forming a product strategy and to build a model of the company's product marketing strategy.
Metods. The use of the method of analysis and synthesis of foreign experience in the formation of product marketing made it possible to adapt the model of the company's product marketing strategy to domestic realities.
Results A product strategy sets the direction for the business, unites everyone around common goals and reduces waste. Product marketers spend a lot of time solving problems – many of which could be avoided if product goals, priorities and strategies were clear and aligned. In order to better understand who should do what, a model of the company's marketing product strategy is proposed, which includes three components: a strategy for determining product activity (initial activity); product manufacturing strategy (input activity) and sales strategy (output activity).
Conclusiоns The structure of product marketing and its functioning depends on the size of the enterprise, the markets in which it operates, as well as the skills and preferences of the people involved. However, in order to achieve success, it is necessary to realize three aspects: decide who and what should be done;  understand who is ultimately responsible for the success of each product;  a detailed understanding of existing and potential customers and markets. Knowing this helps ensure products are well positioned, customers want to buy them, and sales teams have what they need to sell.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОГО РИНКУ ПРАЦІ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Шматковська Тетяна , Гордійчук Антоніна , Хомюк Наталія
Published: November 2024

Introduction. In the conditions of war, Ukraine faces numerous challenges that affect the socio-economic situation and the functioning of the labor market. At the same time, the formation of an inclusive labor market, which is able to provide equal opportunities for all citizens, including vulnerable groups of the population, which will contribute to social cohesion and economic stability of the country, becomes particularly relevant. This requires the formation of conceptual approaches to the creation of an inclusive labor market in Ukraine, taking into account the peculiarities of wartime and the challenges facing the country.
The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to determine the conceptual foundations of the formation of an inclusive labor market in Ukraine in wartime conditions based on the identification of the main challenges for attracting vulnerable population groups to the labor market and the development of ways to overcome them in order to ensure the social and economic stability of the state.
Methods. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive approach, which includes the analysis of scientific literature, regulatory and legal framework and statistical data. The research uses methods of comparative analysis to determine barriers in the labor market, a systematic approach to determine the conceptual foundations of inclusiveness, and a method of logical generalization to determine practical ways to solve the identified problems.
Results. The article identifies the need for the formation of an inclusive labor market in Ukraine in the conditions of war, when socio-economic instability affects access to employment for various population groups. The main barriers to the participation of vulnerable population groups in the labor market, including veterans, internally displaced persons, people with disabilities, youth and women, have been identified. The analysis of the modern legal framework showed that there is currently a shortage of state support tools for their employment. The importance of cooperation between the state, business and the public sector to create equal employment opportunities has been proven. Conceptual approaches to the formation of an inclusive labor market are defined: implementation of professional retraining programs, development of social entrepreneurship and adaptation of workplaces. The need for the formation of a state policy aimed at ensuring equal access to the labor market for all population groups and strengthening the economic stability of Ukraine has been proven.
Conclusions. The importance of the formation of an inclusive labor market in Ukraine as a key element of socio-economic stability in the conditions of war has been proven. The proposed conceptual principles ensure the expansion of opportunities for vulnerable population groups, the reduction of unemployment and the increase of social cohesion.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО КОНТРОЛЮ РОЗРАХУНКІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Талах Тетяна
Published: November 2024

Introduction. In the conditions of martial law, enterprises face new challenges that affect all areas of their economic activity, including settlement operations. Internal control of settlements becomes critical for ensuring financial stability and supporting operational activities. This requires a study of the specifics of the organization of internal control of the company's calculations during the state of war, in particular the issue of ensuring the security of financial operations in conditions of instability and market uncertainty.
The purpose of the article.  The purpose of the study is to investigate the features and effective mechanisms of internal control of payments at enterprises operating under martial law to ensure their financial stability and competitiveness.
Methods. The research methodology includes a comprehensive approach that combines general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as specific financial and economic methods of evaluating the internal control system, including methods of risk analysis and auditing of financial operations.
Results. The article examines the main principles of ensuring effective internal control of the calculations of economic entities in the conditions of martial law. It was found that failures in the work of banking systems, interruptions in communications and logistics significantly complicate the timely execution of financial transactions. The need to strengthen control over payment discipline on the part of both the enterprise and its counterparties has been identified. The necessity of implementing additional measures to protect the payment system, including increased attention to the verification of counterparties and the use of digital monitoring tools, has been proven. The growing need for rapid adaptation of internal control procedures to new conditions, such as changes in legislation introduced in connection with military operations, or new requirements for financial reporting, which requires the involvement of qualified personnel capable of promptly responding to new challenges and risks, has been studied.
Conclusions. It has been proven that the internal control of the company's calculations in the conditions of martial law is an important element of maintaining stable operations and financial security. Therefore, to ensure its effectiveness, it is necessary to constantly update control methods, take into account new risks and challenges associated with war, and implement modern monitoring tools on the basis.
ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОЄКТАМИ ТА МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ: НОВІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ В НЕПРИБУТКОВИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯХ
Authors: Ліпич Любов
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to identify new trends in project management within nonprofit organizations. The spheres of project management and emerging trends in this field within civil society organizations have been identified. It has been established that considering the current limitation of budgetary resources directed towards meeting the needs of the security and defense sector, social protection, support for the population, and gradual economic recovery, the budget structure of Ukrainian nonprofit organizations should witness an increase in support from international donors through the implementation of social projects by them. It has been proven that civil society organizations should integrate project management with organizational management at the organizational level. The purpose of project management is not only to fulfill projects within specified timelines, without exceeding the budget, and ensuring the expected level of quality but also to create value. Therefore, projects are consolidated into portfolios. In nonprofit organizations, the project context often requires establishing a connection between projects, mission, and implementing mechanisms for integrating projects towards the adopted goals and providing resources for their implementation. Analyzing project maturity in nonprofit organizations is accomplished through the creation of a maturity map, illustrating the maturity levels of individual processes and allowing the identification of gaps in the researched areas. The use of project maturity maps allows for the improvement of project management systems and, in the long term, contributes to increasing the efficiency of implemented projects and better utilization of available resources. It is argued that projects contribute to the sustainable development of organizations. Sustainable management entails planning, monitoring, and controlling the processes of project implementation and support, taking into account the environmental, social, and economic aspects of the project lifecycle, processes, results, and consequences aimed at achieving advantages, which are carried out transparently, honestly, and ethically, involving stakeholders. This involves adopting the concept of holistic project realization, considering, in addition to classical parameters (time, cost, scope), new ones: benefits, values, risks, long-term effects for stakeholders.
सामान्य वर्ग व पिछडे वर्ग के किशोर वर्ग के विद्यार्थियों की अध्ययन आदतें, स्मृति एंव आकाक्षा स्तर का अध्ययन
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Sharma Dr. Manju
Published: November 2024

किसी राष्ट्र की उन्नति शिक्षा पर ही निर्भर करती है। शिक्षा मनुष्य को सभ्य, सुसंस्कृत एवं योग्य नागरिकों की श्रेणी में पहँुचाने में सहायक होती है परन्तु यह समाज विशेष की मान्यताओं एवं आकांक्षाओं पर निर्भर करती है। भारत वर्ष में आज भी पूरा समाज दो भागों में विभाजित है प्रथम उच्च वर्ग द्वितीय निम्न वर्ग इस प्रकार पूरा समाज दो वर्गों में ही सिमट कर रह गया है। निम्न वर्ग को कदम-कदम पर आर्थिक परेशानी का सामना करना पड़ता है जब की उच्च वर्ग आर्थिक परेशानी का सामना नहीं करता है। समान अधिकार की सरकार द्वारा शिक्षा की घोषणाये केवल सब्जबाग दिखायी देती है। किसी भी विद्यार्थी की स्कूल विषयांे में सफलता उसके आन्तरिक गुणों पर निर्भर करती है। माध्यमिक स्तर पर छात्रांे को कितनी भी भाषाये अथवा कितने विषय पढाये जाये, प्रधानाचार्य की समस्या हो सकती है कि अध्यापक गोष्ठी का आयोजन प्रत्येक सप्ताह में किया जाये, किसी अध्यापक की समस्या हो सकती है क्या उसकी अध्यापन शैली सन्तोष जनक है, छात्र कि समस्या हो सकती है। कि वह गणित में अधिक अंक कैसे प्राप्त करे। सामान्य वर्ग व पिछडे वर्ग के किशोर वर्ग के विद्यार्थियो की आकांक्षा स्तर अध्ययन आदते व स्मृति स्तर में विभिन्न स्तर पर सार्थक अन्तर की सम्भावना इसलिए अधिक होगी कि छात्रो का रहन सहन स्तर पारिवारिक पृष्ठ भूमि पारिवारिक मूल्य घर का वातावरण ये सभी कही न कही छात्रों के विभिन्न स्तरों को परिवर्तन करने वाले समर्थ कारक हैै।
BORDERS AT THE MARGINS: LIVED EXPERIENCES AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES OF BORDER COMMUNITIES IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR
Authors: Khan Samim Ahmad , Shameem Anjum Ara
Published: November 2024

This study re-envisions border studies by focussing on the lived experiences of communities in Jammu and Kashmir’s border regions, where borders transcend mere geopolitical lines and become vibrant socio-cultural landscapes. This research paper highlights the complex issues these communities face, such as security threats, economic exclusion, and restricted access to essential services like education and healthcare. These challenges are intensified by the region’s geographic isolation, intermittent military conflicts, and political volatility, which create an environment marked by instability and vulnerability. By examining historical conflicts, systemic neglect, and geopolitical tensions, the study reveals how these factors compound the hardships of border populations. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the effects of leadership measures, such as construction projects, health, schooling, and living characteristics in enhancing conditions in such deprived regions. Consequently, the analysis presented in the research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on effective and efficient policy implementation and governance in borderland regions, while questioning the dominant paradigms of development. Thus, this work contributes to the existing literature on border studies by providing a systematic understanding of borders, community resilience, and governance in their complex interrelationships.
A STUDY OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE MISING COMMUNITY AS REFLECTED IN RAJANIKANTA BORDOLOI`S MIRI JIYORI USING THE CONCEPT OF ASSAMOLOGY
Authors: Gogoi Malaya
Published: November 2024

The Concept of `Assamology` is a new concept. The popularisation of the concept can be credited to Maheshwar Neog. Assamology as a concept has been developed on the basis of concepts like Orientology and indology. The scope of the concept of `Assamology is very broad. The geographical, political, socio-economic and the cultural study of Assam and many other such areas of study can be included in Assamology.
AMBIVALENT AND NOSTALGIC ATMOSPHERE IN KIRAN DESAI’S THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS
Authors: Kumar Susheel
Published: November 2024

Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss is considered to be the best postcolonial novel, having multiple geographic settings as a backdrop, cross-cultural diasporic identities, multi-layered narration and representations, cultural conflicts, and deviations from moral values and ethics of the East and the West inextricably interlinked under the impact of ambivalence and nostalgia in her fictional Kalimpong town located in the western part of Darjeeling Hills in the Eastern Himalayas of India, where the local, colonial, postcolonial and global live, long and belong.
POLYCHROMATIC PARADIGMS: THE SEMIOTICS OF COLOUR IN TAMIL CINEMATIC NARRATIVES
Authors: Amaljith N. K.  , Shemin K.  , Ameer Salman O. M.
Published: November 2024

Colour plays an essential role in the visual narrative of Tamil cinema, not only enhancing the aesthetic appeal but also acting as a symbolic tool that conveys deeper emotional, cultural, and thematic meanings. Rooted in Tamil Nadu’s rich cultural traditions, the colours used in Tamil films often carry symbolic meanings derived from religion, folklore, and socio-political themes. This research paper explores the application of colour theory in Tamil cinema, examining how directors employ colour to evoke emotions, highlight socio-political contexts, and reflect cultural values unique to Tamil audiences. By studying specific colours and their repeated motifs across films, this paper investigates how Tamil cinema translates cultural symbolism into visual narratives that resonate deeply with audiences.Through case studies of iconic Tamil films such as Alaipayuthey, Paruthiveeran, Super Deluxe, Kaaka Muttai, Vada Chennai and Asuran, this paper decodes the language of colour in Tamil cinema, highlighting how directors like Mani Ratnam, Ameer Sultan, Thiagarajan Kumararaja and Vetrimaaran use colour palettes not only to define characters but also to convey underlying social commentary. The paper further explores the impact of digital technology in transforming colour grading and its effect on the stylistic choices available to filmmakers. By analyzing these films and colour usage, this study provides insights into how Tamil cinema integrates traditional cultural cues with modern filmmaking techniques, offering a visual language that enhances narrative depth and audience engagement.
Reproduction of Siberian shrimp Exopalаemon modestus (Heller) from the Kapchagai reservoir (Republic of Kazakhstan): reproductive performance and fecundity
Authors: Kulesh V. F. , Hihiniak Yu. G.
Published: November 2024

The elements of reproductive performance of Siberian shrimp Exopalaemon modestus (Heller) from Kapchagai reservoir (Republic of Kazakhstan) were studied. The value of reproductive performance was estimated in comparison with other shrimp species from the family Palaemonidae. Palaemonidae that in the middle of the growing season (July) was 0.24. The equations for the relationship between the oviposition weight and the weight of sexually mature females were calculated. The value of absolute fecundity averaged 68 ± 19 eggs (s. d.) to a female length of 35.8 ± 3.29 mm (s. d.). This relationship is described by the regression equation (determination coefficient R2 = 0.583). Reproductive performance should be evaluated and analysed taking into account the age structure and time of the growing season.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated site-directed mutagenesis of the PDS gene of Nicotiana tabacum L.
Authors: Shishlova-Sokolovskaya A. M. , Urbanovich O. Yu.
Published: November 2024

CRISPR/Cas9 system is one of the effective tools for editing plant genomes. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we have obtained different-type Nicotiana tabacum transformants carrying in their genome the mutational events of insertiondeletion type in the PDS gene, encoding15-cis-phytoene desaturase enzyme. The endogenous tobacco NtPDS gene was chosen as a target, since introducing mutations into its nucleotide sequence leads to appearing easily visualized characters. The tetraallelic knockout of the NtPDS gene led to complete albinism in plants. Albino transformants were characterized by a slower growth, dwarfism, and were not viable when cultivated in vitro. Mutants with variegated leaves in the in vitro culture formed roots and did not differ from the control in leaf size. A nucleotide sequence of the protospacer of the target NtPDSt gene was analyzed on a random sample, including 21 transgenic plants of the T0 generation with different phenotypes – from completely albino to wild type. Sequencing results showed that all transformants with visible phenotypic manifestations carried mutant sequences in the NtPDS gene with a frequency of 51.0–80.0 %, while the efficiency of site-directed mutagenesis was 33.33 %. In transformants of a wild-type phenotype, no mutated sequences were detected in the target gene.
Analysis of spectral characteristics of fluorine containing vanadium(III) β-diketonates
Authors: Kostyuk N. N. , Dick T. A. , Tsyhanau A. R.
Published: November 2024

Vanadium tris-trifluoroacetylacetonate and tris-pivaloyltrifluoroacetonate were obtained by electrochemical synthesis. Based on the analysis of the spectral characteristics in the IR range of the synthesized chelates, it was established that during electrolysis a quasi-aromatic metallocycle was formed that is the basic structural element of the complexes. The peripheral groups of ligands (tert-butyl and trifluoromethyl) remained unchanged when exposed to electric current.
Association of HLA class II genes with autoimmune thyroid diseases in children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Volkova N. V. , Aksenova E. A. , Yatskiu H. A. , Solntseva A. V. , Goncharova R. I.
Published: November 2024

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes are one of the main genetic susceptibility factors of the most common autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Distinct HLA alleles are associated with autoimmune endocrinopathies in different populations. This work was aimed to reveal the alleles associated with a predisposition to AITD in children with T1D in Belarus. 49 patients with a combination of T1D and AITD (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3a – APS type 3a), 95 patients with T1D and 24 healthy controls were included into the study. HLA typing for 3 genes (DRB1, DQB1, DQА1) was performed by SBT (sequence-based typing) in the children with T1D and APS type 3a and by high-performance sequencing of a new generation (Illumina) in the children of the control group. We identified a number of alleles and haplotypes DRB1, DQB1, DQA1 associated with a predisposition or resistance to both forms of autoimmune pathology (T1D and APS type 3a) in healthy children. These data indicate a common spectrum of polymorphic variants of HLA class II genes involved in the etiopathogenesis of T1D and APS type 3 in the Belarusian population. At the same time, the children with type 3a APS had a higher total frequency of certain HLA-DRB1*04 allele subtypes and one of the variants of the DRB4-DQ4.3 haplotype, compared with the patients with isolated T1D. These revealed genetic markers can be used to identify high-risk groups of AITD in children with T1D in the Belarusian population.
Strategy for ensuring national food security of the Republic of Belarus: monitoring results, objectives and mechanisms
Authors: Pilipuk A. V. , Kondratenko S. A. , Gusakova I. V. , Lobanova L. A.
Published: November 2024

The results of monitoring of national food security based on the results of 2023 are presented, potential external threats are identified (instability of the world market, the emergence of new barriers and restrictions in the international trading system), as well as key stabilizing internal factors (high level of domestic production, annual increase in the integral food security index, increase in physical and economic accessibility of food for the population). Strategic directions and measures to increase the sustainability of the national agri-food system are substantiated, including: development and implementation of indicators of technological sovereignty of the agro-industrial complex into the monitoring system, creation of an information and analytical system for monitoring and forecasting the food security, strengthening competitive positions and promoting domestic producers in the domestic and foreign markets, development of scientific and production cooperation and mechanisms for jointly ensuring food security within the Union State, EAEU, CIS and SCO.
Intensification of meat productivity of horses for production of new horse meat products
Authors: Sadykov E. V. , Herman Yu. I.
Published: November 2024

Prospective tasks for the development of cultural herd horse breeding in Belarus include raising horses of new quality, which are most in demand in the current conditions for use within the republic and for export, as well as intensification of their meat productivity. While bearing specific traits of Belarusian Harness and Russian Heavy Draft breeds, horses of these genotypes will be characterized by new features of non-traditional horse use (cultural herd keeping). It was determined that it would be more expedient to enter both the domestic and foreign markets not with raw materials for processing, but with finished products. This is evidenced by the constantly accumulated domestic experience of meat processing enterprises of the country, including the economic results of meat horse breeding at FE “Vasilek” (Dzerzhinsky district). The paper presents for the first time the information about the developed normative documentation for industrial production of new types of horse meat products (cooked and smoked sausage product, semi-smoked sausage product, dry-cured pastirma) (Collection of recipes, Specifications). In general, the research conducted to study the meat productivity of horses of the studied genotypes kept in cultural herds should be the subject of further scientific research aimed at the development of technology for the production of new high-quality products and semi-finished products from horse meat. The data obtained will be used to develop a system of selection and intensive rearing of young horses of the Belarusian Harness and Russian Heavy Draft breeds characterized by meat-type exterior to achieve optimal early maturity and meat productivity. This will improve the welfare of Belarusian horse breeding, increase the quality of herd horses, and become an export-oriented branch of productive horse breeding for the CIS countries.
Institutional foundations of the modern mechanism of digitalization of agroindustrial complex management
Authors: Takun A. , Gorbatovskaya О.
Published: November 2024

The regulatory and legal framework in the sphere of digitalization of agroindustrial complex management is analyzed. The system of republican public administration bodies in the context of digital development of agriculture was defined, including two blocks of subjects: public administration  in the field of digital development and sectoral management of digital development in the agroindustrial complex.

Within the framework of the modern institutional mechanism of digitalization of the agroindustrial complex management, the main subjects, their functions and infrastructural components that provide the necessary conditions for the introduction of information and communication technologies in the agricultural sphere, the implementation of state projects of sectoral digital development, the formation of a network system of interaction and digital technological base of industry management have been established.
Effects of Green Financing Drives on the Performance of DSE Listed Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Ashraful , Hossain Dr. Syed Zabid
Published: November 2024

All commercial banks must take green financing drives to promote environmental-friendly projects in their mainstream investment. The purpose of the study is to feed an inclusive overview of the green finance (GF) situation emphasis on bank performance in Bangladesh. The secondary data were collected from Bangladesh bank annual reports, sustainability reports, other commercial banks' reports etc. from 2014 to 2023. SPSS software was applied to interpret the data. The results of the data analysed show GF have a significant impact on bank profitability. Regression model 1 indicates that energy efficiency and the recycling and manufacturing of recycling goods have the most positive impact on bank performance. Regression model 2 identifies that renewable energy impacts the most on bank performance. The possible future essence of this study is to convince bankers and policy planners that GF can be the best solution for surviving in the competitive market and improving bank profitability.
STUDY OF ANTI-ULCER, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITIES OF FRUITS POLYEXTRACT OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA MIL L.
Authors: Lupanova I.A. , Ferubko E.V. , Kurmanova E.N. , Semkina O.A. , Asaturov Y.V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Plant-based drugs and medicines are used in medical practice for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases: chronic gastritis and/or gastroduodenitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers. The purpose of the work is to study and evaluate of anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of jujuba fruits (Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.) polyextract. Material and methods. Experimental samples of CO2 extract, alcoholic extract, thick extract, dry extract and polyextract of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill fruits were studied. Biological activity of the samples was evaluated using a specific enzyme biotest system based on inducible NO synthase in vitro. The acute toxicity affecting the exudative phase of the acute reaction was studied in a model of formaldehyde edema of the paw of mice, as a result of screening the polyextract of jujube fruits which has the most pronounced pharmacological activity, and also studied its antiulcer effect on an ethanol model of damage to the gastric mucosa in rats. Results. As a result of screening studies using a specific enzyme biotest system based on inducible NO synthase, immunomodulatory properties were discovered in all experimental jujube fruit extracts. Polyextract of jujube fruits demonstrated the most pronounced immunomodulatory therefore it was chosen for further pharmacological studies. In accordance with the classification of toxicity of chemical substances according to the standards of the Russian Federation, polyextract of jujube fruits is a low-toxic substance. The polyextract has an anti-inflammatory effect, it suppresses the development of the exudative phase of inflammation in a model of formaldehyde edema of mouse paws. A significant gastroprotective effect of the polyextract of the fruits of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill was revealed in an experimental model of rat gastric ulcer caused by the administration of ethanol. Conclusions. Polyextract of jujube fruits has a wide range of biological activity: immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and is also a low-toxic substance. This extract is promising for further in-depth study and the creation of a new effective herbal medicine based on it.
EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON THE EXTRACTION OF HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS FROM DANDELION ROOTS
Authors: Lukashou R.I. , Gurina N.S.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Ultrasonic extraction is widely used to accelerate the extraction of biologically active substances (BAS). Given the presence of free and bound moisture in medicinal plant raw materials (MPRM), it is rational to assume a positive effect of ultrasound on the MPRM itself in order to increase the yield of BAS. The aim of the work is to study the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment of dandelion roots on the yield of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) from them and to substantiate the feasibility of pre-treatment this MPRM to obtain tinctures. Material and methods. The object of the study was dandelion roots. The mass fraction and composition of HCA were determined by the spectro-photometric method according to the reaction with Arnov's reagent and by high-performance liquid chromatography using standard samples, respec-tively. Results. Preliminary ultrasound exposure of dandelion roots significantly increases the yield of HCA. The maximum content was determined when MPRM with a layer thickness of 2-4 cm and a particle size of 500 μm or less were exposed to ultrasound for 45 min with a frequency of 31 kHz. The highest amount of HCA in tinctures was determined when they were obtained by fourteen-day maceration and subsequent ultrasound extraction for 15 min using 50% ethanol in a volume of 50 ml per 1 g of MPRM with a particle size of 500 μm or less. Defatting, ultrasonic, thermal pre-treatment and their combination enrich dandelion tinctures with HCA; the greatest enrichment of tinctures with this group of BAS was observed with ultrasonic treatment and thermal treatment followed by defatting. Conclusions. The parameters of preliminary ultrasonic pre-treatment and technological parameters for obtaining tinctures of dandelion roots were ex-perimentally determined. It is recommended to use preliminary pre-treatment of raw materials as one of the stages of the technology for obtaining tinctures, ensuring an increase in the yield of HCA.
ENZYMES AND METABOLITES OF ENDOGENOUS CARBON MONOXIDE IN THE FETOPLACENTAL SYSTEM DURING PHYSIOLOGICAL GESTATION AND PLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Pogorelova T.N. , Sarkisyan O.G. , Letunovsky A.V. , Gunko V.O. , Krukier I.I. , Botasheva T.L. , Nikashina A.A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Prenatal ontogenesis largely depends on the functional and metabolic viability of the placenta and the entire fetoplacental complex. That is why the dysfunction of the placenta due to the changes in cellular regulation processes will lead to pregnancy complications and impaired fetal develop-ment. An important component of the system of intra- and intercellular regulators is the gas transmitter – carbon monoxide. Its role in cellular signaling and communication reactions, and at the same time, insufficient data of its metabolism, justifies the need to conduct research on this gas transmitter during complicated pregnancy. The aim of the work. To study the features of the metabolism of the active cellular mediator - the gas transmitter carbon monoxide in different objects of the fetoplacental system during physiological pregnancy and placental dysfunction. Material and methods. The research materials included placental tissue, amnion and amniotic fluid. The work uses spectrophotometric methods, enzyme immunoassay, and ion exchange chromatography. Results. Multidirectional changes in the activity of the studied enzymes (heme oxygenase and histidine decarboxylase), the content of the substrate of His-tidine reaction and the product of reaction of Histamine are established in case of placental disfunction. There is a certain correlation between the discov-ered studied components. Indicators of carbon monoxide metabolism can be markers for predicting postnatal damage – cerebral disorders in newborns. Conclusions. The identified injuries are obviously important links in the chain of disorders accompanied by the development of placental dysfunction.
SCREENING STUDY OF THE PSYCHOTROPIC ACTIVITY OF NEUROPEPTIDE COMPOUNDS IN CONDITIONS OF MERCAZOLYL HYPOTHYROIDISM
Authors: Sergalieva M.U. , Tsibizova A.A. , Samotrueva M.A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. To date, there has been an increase in thyroid diseases mediated by a violation of regulatory mechanisms on the part of the central structures of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system. Numerous scientific studies have revealed that the emerging thyroid imbalance in thyroid diseases causes the development of metabolic syndrome, disorders of the cardiovascular system, as well as neuropsychic changes, which are often the first clinical manifestations of thyroid pathology. The current direction today is the study and development of means of correction of possible neuropsychic disorders. Of interest are the compounds of the peptide structure, on the basis of which effective drugs with a wide variety of pharmacological properties are being synthesized today. It has been proven that peptide compounds have neurotropic, psychotropic, anxiolytic, and other pharmacological effects due to their effect on the functional activity of neurotransmitter systems. The aim of the study was a screening study of the psychotropic activity of peptide compounds in conditions of hypofunction of the thyroid gland. Material and methods. The study was conducted on male rats divided into groups: I-th – control animals; II-th – individuals with induced hypothyroidism; III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII-th – animals treated with hypothyroidism, respectively, Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro, ACTH(6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro-Leu, Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro-Val and Met-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro doses 87; 87; 89; 33; 44; 42; 42; 88 mcg/kg/day, which were 1/10 of the molecular weight of the studied substances. The psychotropic activity of the studied peptides was studied using the Open Field test. Results. It was found that in the conditions of experimental hypothyroidism, there is an inhibition of motor and exploratory activity against the background of an increase in anxiety levels (duration of freezing, grooming reactions and the number of defecations). The studied peptide compounds had a corrective effect to varying degrees on the psychoemotional state of laboratory animals in conditions of hypofunction of the thyroid gland. Conclusions. The results of a screening study in a number of regulatory peptides indicate that the compounds ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro and ACTH(6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro have the most pronounced psychotropic activity in relation to behavioral indicators in the Open Field test under conditions of experimental hypothyroidism.
THE EFFECT OF SODIUM DEOXYCHOLATE AND TWЕЕN-20 ON THE ACTIVITY AND PROPERTIES OF NA+/K+-ATPase IN THE MIXED MEMBRANE FRACTION OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF RATS
Authors: Aitmukhambetova I.R. , Abdurakhimov A.A. , Pokhaznikovа A.A.
Published: November 2024

Interoduction. The present work extends the understanding of the activity of ouabain-sensitive (α2 and α3) and ouabain-resistant (α1) Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms in the mixed membrane fraction of rat cerebral cortex in the presence of various detergents. The aim of the study: to determine the activity of ouabain-sensitive (α2 and α3) and ouabain-resistant (α1) Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms by changing the concentration of Mg+2 ions in the incubation medium and using the detergents sodium deoxycholate and Tween-20. Material and methods. To determine Na+/K+-ATPase activity, we used the method of A. Kazennova et al. The reaction was triggered by adding ho-mogenate of cerebral cortex incubated with detergents; the samples were incubated for 30 minutes in a water bath at 370 C. The activity of ouabain-sensitive isoforms was determined by adding 200 μmol of ouabain to the incubation mixture. The activity of ouabain-sensitive isoforms was deter-mined by adding 200 μmol ouabain to the incubation mixture, and the activity of ouabain-resistant isoforms was determined as the difference between the total Na+/K+-ATPase activity and the activity of ouabain-sensitive isoforms. ATPase activity was determined by inorganic phosphate (Pi) increment as the difference between total ATPase activity, magnesium ATPase activity, in reaction with ammonium molybdate and tin chloride in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Results. At optimal concentrations of detergents Dox-Na (1.25 mg/mL) and Tween-20 (6.5 mg/mL), both ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-resistant Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms are characterized by normal activity dynamics from the concentration of Mg2+ ions. Consequently, the use of detergents at given concentrations does not change the ability of enzymes to conformational rearrangements during the reaction cycle. It was found that both used detergents allow to reveal a significant percentage of latent activity of ouabain-sensitive (α2 and α3) and ouabain-resistant (α1) Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms in the mixed mebran fraction of the cerebral cortex of rats. Conclusion. The study of Mg2+-dependent properties revealed a similar character of the curves of dependence of enzyme activity on the concentra-tion of Mg2+ in the incubation medium for all Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms studied
TARGETED TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CYSTITIS USING INTRAVESICAL INSTILLATION OF AN ENCAPSULATED FORM OF HYALURONIC ACID
Authors: Shlyapkina V.I. , Kulikov O.A. , Saveleva M.S. , Mayorova O.A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. A new approach in the bladder diseases treatment is an intravesical instillation of drugs. However, the low therapeutic effectiveness and painfulness of the instillation procedure are significant limitations of this method. Often, therapy for chronic cystitis comes down to repeated drug instillation into the bladder, which can lead to irritation of the urethral canal and re-infection. Purpose of the study – an approach to the treatment of chronic cystitis by a combination of the local delivery  intravesical instillation, and advanced materials science technologies  emulsion microgels. Materials and methods. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was encapsulated in emulsion microgels based on whey protein isolate. To study the therapeutic effect, experimental animals were divided into 3 groups (5 pieces each): without therapy; with encapsulated HA therapy; with therapy of HA solution. Chronic cystitis modeling was carried out by intraperitoneal administration of a cyclophosphamide solution. For groups of the animals receiving therapy, intravesical instillation of HA in encapsulated and free forms was carried out four times on days 6, 10, 14 and 18 after the initiation of cystitis. The therapy effectiveness was assessed using classical histological analysis. Results. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of chronic cystitis therapy with hyaluronic acid immobilized in mucoadhesive carriers – emulsion microgels. Histological analysis confirmed a significant topical therapeutic effect in animals with intravesical administration of microgels with hyaluronic acid. Conclusions. The proposed strategy combines local delivery and the use of microcontainers containing a drug, which can be successfully used for local therapy of a wide range of bladder diseases.
IN VITRO CELL CULTURES OF GINKGO BILOBA L., INTRODUCED IN THE MOSCOW REGION ARE PROMISING SOURCES OF SUBSTANCES WITH HIGH BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Zaitseva S.M. , Kalashnikova E.A. , Kirakosyan R.N. , Balakina A.A.
Published: November 2024

Intoduction. Ginkgo biloba (L.) are relict plants characterized by a limited area of growth, the valuable biomass of which is able to accumulate unique secondary metabolites that do not have synthetic analogues. Based on extracts of the leaves of ginkgo biloba, which have a nootropic effect. biologically active additives and medicines are produced – Tanakan, Bilobil, Ginkor gel, etc.. Plants of the genus Ginkgo grow in specialized microecological niches that limit their natural distribution area. It is known that biotic stress is one of the main environmental factors limiting the introduction of valuable plant species – possible sources of production of unique metabolites. Limiting environmental factors have a direct impact on the growth, development and productivity of secondary plant metabolism. Stress-resistant and highly productive plants can be created using cell biotechnology methods, in particular, in vitro cell selection, which is carried out on a callus culture. Therefore, at the first stage, it is necessary to develop in vitro technology for the rapid production of well-proliferating callus tissue with an increased content of secondary metabolites. Purpose of the study. To study the effect of the vegetation and photoperiod, endogenous polyphenols on the formation of the callus tissue of sequoia (Ginkgo biloba (L.)) in vitro. Material and methods. The object of the study was Ginkgo biloba (L.) plants. Callus tissue was obtained from segments of leaf blades that were isolated from intact plants. Explants were cultured on WPM nutrient medium containing BAP 2.0 mg/l and 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D. The localization of phenolic compounds was studied in Ginkgo leaves, as well as in callus tissue obtained under different lighting conditions. To do this, histochemical methods were used: for the sum of phenolic compounds, the material was stained with 0.08% Fast Blue reagent raster, a reaction with vanillin reagent in hydrochloric acid vapor was used to study the localization of flavans (catechins and proanthocyanidins). Results. The intensity of callus tissue formation, its consistency and color were significantly influenced by the growing season and the applied lighting regime. A well-proliferating callus tissue of light yellow color was obtained by cultivation with no light source. At a 16-hour photoperiod, a dark brown callus tissue with green inclusions was formed, the growth of which was inhibited during cultivation. Explants collected in spring and summer had the best proliferative activity. As a rule, the formation of callus tissue occurred in places of minor localization of phenolic compounds. In initiated callus cultures grown in the dark, the content of cells with phenolic compounds was lower than that of callus obtained in the presence of lighting. Extracts of G. biloba L. callus cultures they exhibit low cytotoxicity and can be widely used as a safe raw material for phytopharmacognosy.
Peran Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) dan Keberlanjutan Pendidikan Peserta Didik di SMA Darul Hikmah Mataram
Authors: Sudaisy Firman
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Peran Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) dan Keberlanjutan Pendidikan Peserta Didik di SMA Darul Hikmah Mataram. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Adapun masalah yang di teliti adalah Mekanisme pelaksanaan Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) di SMA Darul Hikmah Mataram dan Peran Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) dan Keberlanjutan Pendidikan Peserta Didik di SMA Darul Hikmah Mataram. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) di SMA Darul Hikmah Mataram mendapat dukungan penuh dari seluruh warga sekolah. Guru BK/operator PIP bersama admin dan bendahara sekolah bertanggung jawab atas pelaksanaan program ini. Mereka memastikan pengusulan data siswa penerima PIP dilakukan dengan benar, serta mengelola dana yang cair untuk membantu siswa melunasi kekurangan biaya sekolah. PIP berperan penting dalam membantu siswa melanjutkan pendidikan dengan meringankan beban ekonomi orang tua, mencegah siswa putus sekolah, dan mengajak anak yang sebelumnya tidak bersekolah kembali mendapatkan layanan pendidikan. Program ini juga berfungsi meringankan biaya pendidikan personal bagi siswa.
Analisis Keaktifan dan Kolaborasi Melalui Pemberian Reward Penerapan Two Stay Two Stray
Authors: Wadi Hairil
Published: November 2024

Peneliitian ini dilatarbelakangi masih kurangnya pemberian reward oleh guru IPS yang dapat menarik perhatian siswa yang mengaktifkan sekaligus kolaborasi antar siswa sehingga menyebabkan siswa kurang respon dalam aktivitas pembelajaran.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalis keaktifan dan kolaborasi siswa dalam penerapan Two Stay two stray model melalui pemberian Reward oleh guru Pada mata pelajaran IPS. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif metode kasus, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian dengan teknik porposive sampling, yaitu guru IPS dan siswa kelas IX A. Analisa data mengikuti analisis kualitatif model Miles and Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:keaktifan dan kolaborasi siswa muncul seperti aktif visual, aktif mental, aktif mendengarkan, aktif lisan, aktif tulisan, kolaborasi tangung jawab, kerja sama, penyelesaian tugas bersama, interaksi sosial dikarenakan adanya reward lisan, tindakan, simbol, benda oleh guru IPS selama diterapkan Two stay two stray model pada mata pelajaran IPS. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini keaktifan dan kolaborasi siswa dalam penerapan Two Stay two stray model muncul karena adanya pemberian reward oleh guru IPS seperti rewad lisan, reward tindakan, reward simbol dan reward benda.
What Do Chemistry Teachers Say About Scientific Creativity and the Development of Rosella Flower Extract Indicators as a Learning Medium for Acid-Base Titration?
Authors: Safitri Meli , Fadiawati Noor , Diawati Chansyanah
Published: November 2024

The rapid development of industry 4.0 makes scientific creativity an important skill for every individual to be able to adapt and develop. Therefore, in the learning process, it is necessary to provide for the development of students' scientific creativity both as a professional skill and as a general life competency. This research aims to describe teachers' perceptions of learning acid-base titration using natural indicators from Rosella Flower extract to increase students' scientific creativity. The research method used was a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 21 high school chemistry teachers throughout Bandar Lampung City. The results of the research show that 100% of teachers have never developed an acid-base titration indicator from Rosella flower extract, and trained students' scientific creativity by providing a real problem. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that it is necessary to develop natural indicators from Rosella Flower extract as a learning medium for acid-base titration to increase students' scientific creativity.