bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF A RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH IN THE ACTIVITIES OF FEDERAL SERVICE FOR VETERINARY AND PHYTOSANITARY SURVEILLANCE FOR THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS BY RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors: Ledeneva O. Iu. , Senina M. A. , Juraeva L. V.
Published: January 2023

Federal Service controls export consignments for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance specialists in the assigned territory and the area of responsibility. Developing the export potential of the Novosibirsk region’s agro-industrial complex is one of the promising areas of business support programs. Enterprises engaged in export deliveries are liable to customers and regulatory authorities because they are subject to enhanced control. Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance acts as a guarantor of the quality of supplied products. The risk-based approach implies the definition of criteria and a set of evaluation methods in implementing the powers of control and oversight activities. Implementing this pre-assessment system allows specialists to identify the most critical enterprises and implement a plan of approach, which enables them to keep specialists manageable. Rosselkhoznadzor specialists carry out control and supervision activities, export deliveries, registration of business entities in the FSIS “Mercury” system, and other actions on the principles of a risk-based approach.
CHARACTERISTICS OF YAK MEAT AND DEVELOPED COOKED AND SMOKED PRODUCTS
Authors: Inerbayev B. O. , Khramtsova I. A. , Inerbayeva A. T.
Published: January 2023

In the article, the authors investigated the safety of yak carcasses and meat and gave them an organoleptic assessment. They also studied the biochemical composition of young and adult yak meat. The authors have developed a technology for obtaining processed products from yak meat, proposed technological schemes for producing cooked and smoked products, and conducted their commodity evaluation. The authors also studied the safety and biochemical composition and gave an organoleptic assessment of boiled-smoked pressed meat and ham. The authors confirmed the safety of both raw materials and developed cooked-smoked meat products due to the results obtained. In general, the study of the biochemical composition of yak meat, the study of its security, and the production of cooked and smoked products from it will contribute to saturation and increase the range of meat products on the market, improve the quality, rational use of unconventional regional meat raw materials in response to the various sanctions of foreign countries.
SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FLORA OF THE SANGLOK MOUNTAIN (TAJIKISTAN)
Authors: Sattarov D. S. , Saidov N. S. , Vyshegurov S. Kh.
Published: January 2023

The authors of the article found that on the territory of the observatory of the Institute of Astrophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan and its environs (Mount Sanglok) in the period from the second decade of May to the end of the first decade of June, mainly 132 plant species are in active vegetation. These plants belong to 37 families and 98 genera. Of this number, 12 species are used in traditional medicine; 26 are most often used in conventional medicine; 5 are as food plants; 2 are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Tajikistan; and 13 are endemic plants. Among these plants, plants with the life form of hemicryptophytes dominate - 39.4% and phanerophytes - 23.5%. Of the 132 species found, the most common are representatives of the families Fаbaceae and Asteraceae - 17, Rosaceae - 16, Poaceae - 11, Lamiaceae and Brassicaceae - 8, Ranunculaceae - 6 species, and the remaining families are represented by 4, 3, 2 and 1 species.
Iannis Xenakis, the Initiator of a New Phase in 20th Century Music: Aleatorism
Authors: Ripa Constantin
Published: January 2023

Observing the deadlock reached by serial music at the beginning of the 50's, especially in the music of Pierre Boulez - of an immense density - but obtained through an extremely exhausting compositional effort in order to respect the serial rules, Iannis Xenakis is realizing that these densities can be obtained through other techniques offered by mathematical approaches such as Markov chains and the calculation of probabilities. The idea itself can be compared to that of Schonberg, 50 years ago, when, noticing the huge coefficient of chromaticism and dissonance in Wagner's music, obtained (also with great effort) on the principle of tonal functionalism, he totally simplified the technique to obtain these chromatic melodies and dissonant chords on the principle of dodecaphonism. Relatively in the same way, Iannis Xenakis opens a new musical historical stage through these techniques by appealing to mathematical science for the calculation of the chances implied by the game of dice (alea). Xenakis's suggestion then inspired other ways for performing the game of chance, to composers who did not master the science of mathematics, unleashing the freedom of imagination, these composers being almost all in the generation 50s-80s till nowadays: John Cage, Krzysztof Penderecki, Gyorgy Ligeti, etc.
FACTORS AFFECTING EARNINGS GROWTH IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED IN IDX
Authors: Wiliasari Angelina Puspa , Harjanto Karina
Published: January 2023

Abstract— Earnings growth is a change of net income that increases compared to the net profit of the previous period. The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of the current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover, and managerial ownership on earnings growth. The dependent variable of this research is earnings growth. The independent variable of this research is the current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover, and managerial ownership. The data used in this research is secondary data. The samples are selected using purposive sampling. The samples of this study are public manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2017-2019 period, that has issued audited financial statements at the end of December 31st, using Rupiah as the financial report currency, showing earnings growth, owning and presenting the information of managerial ownership. The research method used in this research is the multiple regression linear method. The results of this study are (1) current ratio has a significant negative effect on earnings growth, (2) debt to equity ratio has a significant negative effect on earnings growth, (3) total asset turnover has no effect on earnings growth, and (4) managerial ownership has no effect on earnings growth. Implication of this study is that companies need to maintain low debt ratio in order to focus in expanding business and growing earnings.

Keywords: Current Ratio (CR); Debt To Equity Ratio (DER); Managerial Ownership (MO); Earnings Growth (EG); Total Asset Turnover (TATO)
PENGARUH BEBAN PAJAK TANGGUHAN, ASET PAJAK TANGGUHAN DAN PERENCANAAN PAJAK TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Gulo Meria Meriana , Mappadang Agoestina
Published: January 2023

Abstract— The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze the effect of earnings management variables in terms of taxation by using deferred tax expense, deferred tax assets and tax planning on consumer goods manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. 35 companies become research sample through the selection of purposive sampling method as a method of determining the sample with certain provisions and considerations. Panel data regression method with statistical software views is used in this study. The data collection needed is the published annual report of consumer goods manufacturing companies for the period 2016 to 2020. The researcher used the method of quantitative descriptive analysis of logistic regression. From the results of research that has been done, it is found that in terms of taxation, the burden of deferred tax, assets on deferred tax and tax planning is not significant on earnings management actions. Deferred tax assets show negative results, this is because earnings management is carried out to minimize company expenses. Meanwhile, tax planning shows negative results where tax planning is carried out in order to minimize profits to achieve shareholder goals

Keywords: Beban Pajak Tangguhan; Aset Pajak Tangguhan; Perencanaan Pajak; Manajemen Laba
PENGARUH BOARD INDEPENDENCE, AUDIT COMMITTEE, DAN MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP TERHADAP SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING PADA ASEAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SCORECARD
Authors: Idawati Wiwi , Hanifah Ayunda Novita
Published: January 2023

Abstract— This study aims to examine the influence of board independence, audit committee, and managerial ownership on sustainability reporting based on united nations sustainable development goals (un_sdgs). This study uses data from Public Companies in Indonesia based on the ASEAN Corporate Governance Scorecard listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The hypothesis in this study was tested with descriptive statistics and panel data regression anlysis.  The results of this study prove that board Independence has a negative effect on Sustainability Reporting. The results of the Audit Committee and Managerial Ownership have no correlation with Sustainability Reporting.

 

Keywords: Board Independence; Audit Committee; Managerial Ownership; Sustainability Reporting.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EMPLOYEES’ MOTIVATION AND TRAINING ON COMPANY PERFORMANCE IN A FAMILY BUSINESS
Authors: Kaban Lila Maria , Amanda Jacklyn
Published: January 2023

Abstract – Business nowadays has no boundaries of time, place, or information, so any firm must evaluate its performance regularly to ensure long-term viability. This study aims to determine the impact of employees’ motivation and job training on company performance in a family business called PT Anugrah Mandiri. It is an automotive spare parts distribution company in Medan, Indonesia established in 2010. As a family business run by many family members, PT Anugrah Mandiri tends to undervalue the importance of providing motivation and delivering practical training to its employees. This results in most employees being overwhelmed, and the business performance is decreasing. As this study's quantitative research method shows, motivated and skilled employees are the keys to a successful firm. The instruments used to collect data are questionnaires about employees’ motivation, job training, and company performance, and then processed using SPSS. Saturation sampling is used as the sampling method by administering the questionnaires to 50 employees of PT Anugrah Mandiri. The data analysis tool in this study is a multiple linear regression by carrying out a classic assumption test continued by testing the partial hypothesis or t-test, the simultaneous hypothesis test or the F test, and the calculation of the coefficient of determination. The statistical result shows that company performance increases by 0.422 and 0.384 when employees’ motivation and job training increase by 1 unit. All hypotheses in this research are accepted, and it can be concluded that employees’ motivation and job training influence company performance by as much as 68.9%. After conducting this research, PT Anugrah Mandiri is encouraged to improve its motivation and training for the employees to increase company performance.

Keywords: Company Performance; Employee Motivation; Family Business; Job Training
ANTESEDEN YANG MEMPENGARUHI REPURCHASE INTENTION PADA APLIKASI LAYANAN PESAN ANTAR MAKANAN (STUDI PADA GOFOOD)
Authors: Putri Thoe, Tamara Gita Pramana , Berlianto Margaretha Pink
Published: January 2023

The industrial revolution 4.0 which is supported by very rapid technological advances creates many opportunities to innovate and create many new business models, which has an impact on the emergence of new technology-based companies, one of which is the emergence of applications that offer online food delivery services such as GoFood. Along with the very rapid growth in the online food delivery service industry such as GoFood, many new competitors are starting to emerge, so it is important for GoFood to be able to retain existing customers and continue to develop its market share. The purpose of this study is to investigate the positive effect of effort expectancy, perceived usefulness, information quality, perceived risk, social influence, and trust toward repurchase intention in GoFood delivery app by distributing questionnaires to people who have used GoFood application services and there were 255 questionnaires that can be used. The technique used for distributing questionnaires is by distributing questionnaires online using 5 Likert scale and the data was processed using the SmartPLS program. There were six hypotheses was tested in this study. Based on the examination, concluded that effort expectancy, perceived usefulness, information quality, perceived risk, and social influence has no positive effect toward repurchase intention, trust has positive effect toward repurchase intention in GoFood delivery app.
Analisys of Using Gadget Analisys in Social Interraction Skills of Children
Authors: Fathimah Siti , Wantah Mario Erick
Published: January 2023

Gadget adalah media yang digunakan sebagai sarana komunikasi modern. Tidak hanya orang dewasa, anak usia dini juga telah akrab dengan gadge. Anak usia dini adalah sosok individu yang sedang menjalani suatu proses perkembangan dengan pesat dan fundamental untuk kehidupan selanjutnya. Pada masa ini terjadilah proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam berbagai aspek, salah satu diantaranya adalah aspek interaksi sosial. Namun hal yang ditemui dilapangan, mayoritas anak di Indonesia menghabiskan waktu bermain dengan gadget. Tentunya ini mempengaruhi perkembangan anak, terutama dalam pengembangan interaksi sosial. Menindak lanjuti kondisi sosial ini, adapun tujuan penelitian adalah menganlisis dampak dari penggunaan gadget bagi anak usia dini dalam kemampuan interaksi sosialnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan model penelitian mengacu pada teori Miles and Huberman. Temuan penelitian adalah seringnya anak usia dini berinteraksi dengan gadget mempengaruhi daya pikir anak terhadap sesuatu di luar hal tersebut. Gadget secara efektif dapat mempengaruhi pergaulan sosial anak terhadap lingkungan terdekatnya. Ia akan merasa asing dengan lingkungan sekitar karena kurangnya interaksi sosial. Anak juga kurang peka dan bahkan cenderung tidak perduli terhadap lingkungannya. Hal ini tentunya sangat membahayakan perkembangan sosial pada anak usia dini. Sebagai orang tua, sebaiknya membimbing, memantau serta memberikan pemahaman yang baik kepada anak untuk lebih selektif dalam menggunakan gadget.
Social Studies Orientation Learning through Build Social Behavior of Student
Authors: Ulum Nurdin Miptahul , Tetep Dr , Widyant Triani
Published: January 2023

Pembentukan sikap sosial merupakan salahsatu cara mewujudkan bangsa yang memiliki karakter. Masalah yang sering muncul di sekolah ahir-akhir ini seperti perilaku peserta didik yang kurang disiplin  misalnya dalam berpakaian tidak sesuai aturan, terlambat datang ke sekolah, dann terlambat masuk kelas. Kemudian masalah lain peserta didik yang kurang tanggungjawab dalam hal mengerjakan tugas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan besaran pengaruh dari pembelajaran IPS terhadap sikap sosial peserta didik di SMPN 1 Tarogong Kidul. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis deskriptif  pada kelas VIII. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 334 peserta didik yang kemduian dijadikan sampel 34 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan pembelajaran IPS dengan siakp sosial berada dalam kategori cukup yakni 0,569, dengan besaran pengaruh 32,4%. Penelitian menunjukan pengaruh positif dan signifikan sehingga pembelajaran IPS harus lebih optimal agar sikap sosial peserta didik dapat terbentuk.
Utilization of Mobile Learning Media as a Civics Learning Resource in Improving Understanding of Teaching Materials
Authors: Rosita Lilis , Maulana Ana , Melati Prima
Published: January 2023

Hasil analisis data uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t dengan (Ha) penelitian diterima, artinya jika nilai mata pelajaran PKn  lebih dari 70 maka tedapat peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap pengaruh pemanfaatan media mobile learning sebagai sumber pembelajaran PKn dalam meningkatkan pemahaman materi ajar. Uji koefisien korelasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan (r)  = 0.773 artinya tingkat hubungan kedua variabel “Kuat”, koefisen determasi (d) = 77% sisanya 23% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Hasil Penelitian tersebut memberikan kesimpulan bahwa media mobile learning sebagai sumber pembelajaran Pkn dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi ajar Adapun tempat penelitian dilakukanpada siswa kelas XII di SMAN 29 Garut. Reomendasi hasil penelitian diharapkan pada guru dapat memanfaatkan bebagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pemahaman materi ajar siswa.
MALIGNANT ADENOMYOEPITHELIOMA OF THE BREAST: A CASE REPORT AND THE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Oncology Dispensary of Mari El Republic, Mukhamatgaleeva L. Kh. , Pasynkov D. V. ,   Oncology Dispensary of Mari El Republic, Zuev А. Yu. ,   Clinical Hospital of Mari El Republic, Pavlikova O. A. ,   Oncology Dispensary of Mari El Republic, Klyushkin I. V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Fedorov A. L. ,   Mari State University
Published: January 2023

Aim ― to describe the case of malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast and to review the corresponding literature, as well as to identify the specific mammographic and ultrasound signs of this malignancy. Material and methods. We report the case of breast tumor witсh histologic phenotype transformed from benign fibroadenoma to the borderline phylloid tumor and finally to the malignant adenomyoepithelioma. Results. At final examination the malignant adenomyoepithelioma showed the multi-nodular structure. Each node represented at mammography and ultrasound (US) the solid internal structure, oval shape and smooth contour. In case of suspicious non-calcified lesion found at mammography that has the solid internal structure and round or oval shape at US it is necessary to consider the following conditions during the differential diagnosis: low-grade invasive ductal carcinoma, mucinous, medillary, clear-cells carcinomas, invasive ductal carcinoma with necrosis or hemorrhage, low-grade adenosquamose carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, malignant adenomyoepithelioma and papillary carcinoma, as well as the following rare benign tumors: phylloid tumor, tubular adenoma, fat necrosis, intraductal papilloma, adenoma of the nipple, papilloma-related metaplastic tumors, ductal adenoma, sclerosing adenosis, complex screrozing lesion, and hemangioma. Conclusion. We found no specific imaging signs that allowed to identify the adenomyoepithelioma. This makes necessary to consider both benign and malignant adenomyoepithelioma during the differential diagnosis of round or oval shape solid lesion detected in mammography and/or ultrasound.
Downregulation of MICA/B tumor surface expressions and augmented soluble MICA serum levels correlate with disease stage in breast cancer
Authors: Kshersagar Jeevitaa , Damle Mrunal N. , Bedge Poonam , Jagdale Rakhi , Tardalkar Kishor , Jadhav Dhanaji , Jagadale Swapnali , Toro Yashwant , Sharma Rakesh , Joshi Meghnad G.
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE: In this study, the profiling of the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related chain A and B (MICA/B) in human breast cancer tumor tissue, saliva, and urine samples of breast cancer patients and control is carried out. MICA/B is ligand of NKG2D receptor expressed on malignant cells. The release of MICA/B from tumor tissue comprises an immune escape mechanism that impairs antitumor immunity. Based on this literature we explored the potential of soluble MICA (sMICA) as a marker in breast cancer (BC). METHODS: The expression was profiled by using immunohistochemistry (MICA/B), western blot (MICA/B) and ELISA (MICA). RESULTS: The optical density of western blot of MICA/B in different stages of BC illustrated significant difference as per one way analysis of variance and significant difference with stage III and IV by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test respectively. Analysis of sMICA in serum, saliva and urine of BC patients revealed significantly higher levels (median 41.0 ± 4.1 pg/ml in pre-treatment sera, 181.9 ± 1.6 pg/ml in saliva and 90.7 ± 1.7 pg/ml in urine) than in control (median <1.2 pg/ml). The elevated levels of sMICA were related to the cancer stage. CONCLUSIONS: The elevated levels of sMICA were observed in patients with well differentiated cancer while the poor expression of sMICA was observed in patients with poorly differentiated tumors. Tumor immunity is impaired by the release of MICA in the biofluids and may be useful for detection and diagnosis of the stage of BC.
Prognostic factors in inflammatory breast cancer: A single-center study
Authors: Kridis Wala Ben , Feki Ameni , Khmiri Souhir , Toumi Nabil , Chaabene Kais , Daoud Jamel , Ayedi Ines , Khanfir Afef
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that poor prognostic indicators of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) include younger age at diagnosis, poorer tumor grade, negative estrogen receptor, lesser degree of pathological response in the breast and lymph nodes. METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 12 years between January 2008 and December 2019 at the medical oncology department at Habib Bourguiba University Hospital in Sfax. We included in this study women with confirmed IBC. We excluded patients with no histological evidence, those whose medical records were unusable. Data collection was done from patient files. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors of poor prognosis of this entity. RESULTS: During a period of 12 years (2008–2019), 2879 cases of breast cancer were treated at Habib Bourguiba hospital in Sfax. 81 IBC were included. The incidence of IBC was 3%. The average age was 52.4 years (26–87 years). Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequent histological type (85.7%). Hormone receptor were positive in 64%. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2) was overexpressed in 35.9% of cases. The proliferation index Ki-67 was analyzed in 34 cases. It was >20% in 24 cases. Luminal A, luminal B, HER2+++, triple negative were found in 13%, 50.7%, 16% and 20% respectively. Metastases at diagnosis were found in 38%. Poor prognostic factors significantly influencing overall survival in univariate analysis were metastatic stage, high SBR grade, lymph node involvement, in particular greater than 3 nodes, negative hormone receptors, triple-negative molecular profile and occurrence of relapse. CONCLUSION: Number of positive lymph nodes greater than 3 and the occurrence of relapse were independent prognostic factors in case of localized IBC. Metastatic stage was associated with a very poor prognosis.
Study of impact factor of arch bridge made with continuous composite concrete filled steel tube beams
Authors: Li Jie , Cui Hao , Ma Ziwei , Liu Haikuan , Hu Yuanhong
Published: January 2023

Impact factor is amplification factor of vertical dynamic effect produced by vehicles. It is a main parameter of bridge design and an important index of dynamic load effect evaluation. In order to study the influence of structure and excitation factors on the impact factor of highway bridges, and then obtain the real impact factor of the continuous beam arch composite bridge, taking a three-span arch bridge made with continuous composite concrete filled steel tube beams as an example, considering the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration effect, the spatial beam element model of the bridge and the half vehicle model with the three-axis are established by using ANSYS. The impact factor of different parts of the main beam and different responses affected by the deck surface roughness, the vehicle speed and the number of vehicles are analyzed. The binary regression formula of impact factor is obtained by taking the vehicle speed and the roughness of bridge deck as independent variables. Finally, the formula is verified by the measured data of two bridges with similar fundamental frequencies. The results show that the impact factor calculated by the current code is generally small for the bridge structure with complex structure and relatively low frequency, such as arch bridge made with continuous composite concrete filled steel tube beams. The impact factor is most affected by the roughness of bridge deck. When the roughness of bridge deck reaches grade B or above, the impact factor exceeds the specification value, and the maximum impact factor can reach 5.42 times of the specification value. For the main beam, the impact factors of different external excitation, different responses and different parts are not the same, and some impact factors exceed the specification value. The regression formula of impact factor given can be used to estimate the impact factor of main beams of similar structures.
Design Optimization of PCI Girders: A Parametric Study
Authors: Jahjouh Mahmoud , Erhan Semih
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the effect of superstructure configuration on the optimum design of slab on Precast I (PCI) girder bridges. For this purpose, more than 20,000 bridge cases of varying superstructure configurations are considered to investigate the effects of various superstructure parameters such as girder spacing, span length, slab thickness and girder types on the optimum design of slab on PCI girder bridges. PCI girders are designed conforming to the AASHTO LRFD for flexure using stress limits at the service limit state, then checked at ultimate for flexure and shear using factored loads at the strength limit state. A modified harmony search optimization algorithm is used to obtain optimum bridge design parameters using standard AASHTO PCI girders according to these AASHTO LRFD requirements. Those girders are designed taking into consideration geometrical constraints, stress constraints and constraints related to the conformity of the design with the AASHTO LRFD code. Various sensitivity analysis are performed to investigate the effect of different geometrical factors on the design of the girders, and easy-to-use design aids were developed. The outcomes of this study may facilitate the bridge engineers to choose optimum design parameters such as girder types and spacing as well as number strands for a certain span length before the design of slab on PCI girder bridges.
Interferon gamma, interleukin 6 and tissue necrosis factor alpha levels among asymptomatic HIV patients in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Aikpitanyi-Iduitua Godwin Aigbedo , Ibeh Isaiah Nnana , Idemudia Nosakhare Lawrence , Aikpitanyi-Iduitua Rosemary Osamede , Omoregie Richard
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection is immune-mediated, and an understanding of HIV immunology will be beneficial in the management of HIV infection OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ in asymptomatic HIV patients and non-HIV subjects, as well as their relationship with CD4 count. METHOD: Blood samples were collected from 173 subjects, consisting of 125 asymptomatic HIV patients (44 HAART-naïve and 81 on HAART) and 48 non-HIV subjects. The IFN-, IL-6, and TNF- levels in the blood were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and the CD4 count of all participants was determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Regardless of treatment status, the IFN-γ levels of non-HIV subjects were significantly higher than those of HIV patients (p< 0.001). The opposite was true for IL-6, as the levels of IL-6 in non-HIV subjects were significantly lower than those in HAART-naïve HIV patients (p< 0.001) and those on HAART (p< 0.01). TNF-α levels did not differ between HIV patients and their non-HIV counterparts. Generally, the levels of these cytokines was not affected (p> 0.05) by immunosuppression (measured by CD4 count < 200 cells/μL) and there was no significant correlation between CD4 count and these cytokines (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, asymptomatic HIV infection decreased IFN-γ, increased IL-6, and had no effect on TNF-α levels, regardless of treatment status. Immunosuppression had no impact on these cytokine levels, and there was no relationship between them and CD4 counts.
Gap analysis of future employee and employer on soft skills
Authors: Juhász Tímea , Horváth-Csikós Gabriella , Gáspár Tamás
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Soft skills have become more necessary than ever in today’s labour market, and their development has become an increasingly key area for companies’ HR departments. Employees with the soft skills required for a given job can perform the tasks assigned to them more efficiently and successfully, therefore all those involved in the process can consider the completion of the task as a positive experience. By strengthening the employees’ soft skills, companies can improve their corporate culture, their market performance and thus their competitiveness. METHODS: The authors conducted a multi-year research in Hungary, the first part of which was a quantitative study to analyse the soft skills of young people leaving school, their awareness of employers’ expectations and the opportunities and tools they consider useful for developing these skills. The second part of the research involved the other side, i.e. the employers, to assess their expectations of the prospective employees’ soft skills and to explore the development opportunities that employers provide to strengthen these skills. RESULTS: The results of the two questionnaire surveys confirmed that both sides are aware of the soft skills needed in the labour market, although the market participants are not always in agreement about these needs. However, the development of skills, even though they enhance the market competitiveness of the employee and the employer, is not really in line with market expectations.
Forgetting Rates of Prose Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Sacripante Riccardo , Girtler Nicola , Doglione Elisa , Nobili Flavio , Della Sala Sergio
Published: January 2023

Background: Some authors report steeper slopes of forgetting in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while others do not. Contrasting findings are thought to be due to methodological inconsistencies or variety of testing methods, yet they also emerge when people are assessed on the same testing procedure. Objective: We aimed to assess if forgetting slopes of people with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI-AD) are different from age-matched healthy controls (HC) by using a prose paradigm. Methods: Twenty-nine people with MCI-AD and twenty-six HC listened to a short prose passage and were asked to freely recall it after delays of 1 h and 24 h. Results: Generalized linear mixed modelling revealed that, compared to HC, people with MCI-AD showed poorer encoding at immediate recall and steeper forgetting up to 1 h in prose memory as assessed by free recall and with repeated testing of the same material. Forgetting rates between groups did not differ from 1 h to 24 h. Conclusion: The differences observed in MCI-AD could be due to a post-encoding deficit. These findings could be accounted either by a differential benefit from retrieval practice, whereby people with MCI-AD benefit less than HC, or by a working memory deficit in people with MCI-AD, which fails to support their memory performance from immediate recall to 1 h.
RETRACTED: Theory and method for evaluating the importance of college course teaching for future education: From virtual reality to metaverse
Authors: Fan Jiongjiong
Published: January 2023

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219329.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Kazakhstan: A Journey from Diagnosis to the Treatment, the Biases and Achievements
Authors: Jaxybayeva Altynshash , Chunkayeva Dana , Myrzaliyeva Bakhytkul , Ayaganov Dinmukhamed , Lepessova Marzhan , Bulekbayeva Sholpan , Idrissova Zhannat , Mukhambetova Gulnar , Bayanova Mirgul , Malfatti Edoardo , Urtizberea Andoni
Published: January 2023

Background: Neuro-muscular disorders constitutes a group of rare but heterogeneous conditions. The onset of these diseases ranges widely from birth to elderly. Many of them are life threatening and progressive. Neuromuscular science is a very specialised medical field for which specific knowledge and expertise are necessary. Such an expertise is available only partially in Kazakhstan where underdiagnosis, misdiagnosis and mismanagement of patients with muscle diseases are commonplace. Hopefully, times are changing. With the implementation of international guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), patients are now given better care including pharmacological interventions (including steroids in DMD), respiratory and nutritional support. Objectives: To report on clinical data and genetic variants in a nationwide cohort of DMD patients. To describe and analyse management strategies applied in Kazakhstan in these patients. Methods: The medical records of 84 patients recruited by the national expert-consulting board based at the national multidisciplinary centre of reference in neuro-muscular disorders in Astana, Kazakhstan, have been ascertained for the study. The national expert committee meets monthly to decide over the prescription of disease-modifying therapies in paediatric neuromuscular disorders. Data on the age of disease onset, the age at genetic testing, spectrum of genetic variants, the stage of disease and the serum CK levels have been collected. Results The mean age of 84 examined patients was 10 years. In Kazakhstan, the average age of disease manifestation was 3 years and 3 months. The vast majority of patients passed through genetic test due to the clinical manifestations. The average age of genetic confirmation was 7 years and 6 months. There were 58,33%of gross variations, of which 55,95%were deletions and 2,38%were duplications. Nonsense mutations were identified in 29,7%. Conclusion: The authors contend that strictly keeping the clinical guides in the diagnosis of DMD is essential, as the genetic variations may affect the stage and feasibility of novel therapies. The way of management of neuro-muscular diseases used in Kazakhstan is strictly recommended for implementation in developing countries.
Solubility of Mercaptopurine as an anti-cancer drug in green solvents by spectral studies and DFT
Authors: Karamjavan Mahsa Mahmoudi , Sefidan Alireza Monadi , Noei Maziar
Published: January 2023

Mercaptopurine with the scientific name of 1.7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione and brand name of Purinethol, is among cancer treatment drugs. Accordingly, it is used to prevent the formation and expansion of cancer cells, the high solubility of which is effective on their better performance. In this study, using the calculations of Density functional theory (DFT) at level PW91/6-31(d), the stability of the drug structure in green and aqueous solvents was investigated, and by performing both NBO (Natural band orbital) and NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance) calculations, the amount of molecular stability was calculated and no decay of the structure was found. Thereafter, in the laboratory section, the absorption spectrum of UV-Vis were investigated in both aqueous and alcoholic solvents and solubility of the drug. DFT calculations and laboratory results indicated the preservation of electronic properties of the drug structure in aqueous and alcoholic solvents as well as the increased solubility of the drug in alcoholic solvents compared with aqueous. Correspondingly, this is very important in the drug’s design and synthesis of similar drugs with less harm.
Sensory retraining for Central Post-Stroke Pain: A subgroup analysis within a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ofek Hadas , Alperin Mordechai , Laufer Yocheved
Published: January 2023

Background: Explicit Sensory Retraining (SR) has been suggested for pain management in several neuropathic pain syndromes. Objectives: To study the effectiveness of SR on Central Post Stroke Pain (CPSP) symptoms. Methods: A preplanned subgroup of 23 subjects post-stroke reporting central pain were randomized within a larger study, to receive either explicit sensory discrimination retraining (SR) (in subgroup n = 11) or implicit repeated exposure to stimuli (RE) (in subgroup n = 12), applied to the lower limb. Pain intensity measured by VAS, measures of sensory ability; balance and gait activities; and participation were assessed by a blinded assessor at four points in time. Results: A group*time interaction effect was demonstrated (p = 0.04) for VAS, as for the SR treatment group VAS decreased from 56/100 to 23/100. Nine out of eleven subjects in the SR group demonstrated positive response to treatment. Pain alleviation was maintained at follow-up. A similar interaction effect was found for tactile threshold (p = 0.03). Significant improvement was noted for all other variables with no group differences. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence to the clinically relevant positive effect of explicit sensory retraining for subjects with CPSP. The positive effect on tactile threshold detection could potentially indicate pain alleviation mechanisms.
Exaggerated pressor response to static squats in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy subjects is likely an individual trait, not influenced by whole body vibration (WBV)
Authors: Niewiadomski Wiktor , Gąsiorowska Anna , Żyliński Marek , Karbowniczek Aleksandra , Cebrat Justyna , Stępniewska Anna
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Reduced muscle strength is one symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Strength can be increased by strength training, which may cause exaggerated blood pressure (BP) rise. It is believed that exercises performed on vibrating platform can strengthen leg muscles without excessive BP increase. OBJECTIVE: To measure the pressor response to static exercises performed during whole body vibration in PD patients. METHODS: Twenty-four aged PD patients and twelve healthy young volunteers participated in the study. PD subjects performed six repetitions of deep-, semi-squat, and calves at vibration frequency of 30 Hz. Each 30 s exercise was followed by 30 s rest. The young volunteers performed two sessions of above-mentioned exercises with and without vibration. BP was measured continuously. RESULTS: In PD patients, the highest BP values were observed during deep squat; systolic blood pressure rose 10 mmHg in ‘weak responders’, and 50 mmHg in ‘strong responders’. This difference correlated with the rise in pulse pressure suggesting indirectly the role of stoke volume in individual response. In healthy subjects pressor response was also individually differentiated and not influenced by vibration. CONCLUSION: Deep and semi squat can evoke a strong cardiovascular response in some PD and healthy subjects. Low-magnitude vibrations likely did not affect pressor response.
Predictors of functional dependence at one year in acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion
Authors: Chen Liu-Zhu , Tu Yu-Jie , Huang Ye-Zhi , Qiu Li-Nan , Chen Jia-Hao , Xu Xue-Qian , Xu Min-Jie , Geng Dan-Dan , Lin Yi-Si , He Jin-Cai
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: In China, the current status of clinical treatment of eLVO and the factors affecting its long-term prognosis are unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the predictive factors of functional outcomes at one year in patients of acute ischemic stroke with emergent large vessel occlusion (eLVO). METHODS: We retrospectively collected 536 patients who underwent treatments for eLVO. Primary outcomes included one-year functional outcomes and delayed functional independence (DFI). The logistic regression was performed to predict the primary outcome. RESULTS: 431 (85%) survivors participated in the one-year follow-up. In the multivariate logistic analysis adjusted for baseline characteristics, the following factors were found to be significant predictors of functional dependence at one year: old age (aOR = 1.042, 95% CI=1.01-1.076, p = 0.011), low Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) (aOR = 0.791, 95% CI=0.671-0.933, p = 0.005), unsuccessful reperfusion (aOR = 0.168, 95% CI=0.048-0.586, p = 0.005), poor medication compliance (aOR = 0.022, 95% CI=0.007-0.072, p < 0.001), and complicated with stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) (aOR = 2.269, 95% CI=1.103-4.670, p = 0.026). We also found that men (aOR = 3.947, 95% CI=1.15-13.549, p = 0.029) had better medication adherence (aOR = 14.077, 95% CI=1.736-114.157, p = 0.013), and going to rehabilitation centers (aOR = 5.197, 95% CI=1.474-18.327, p = 0.010) were independent predictors of DFI. CONCLUSION: The significant predictors of functional dependence at one year were: old age, low ASPECTS, unsuccessful reperfusion, poor medication adherence, and combination with SAP. Men, good medication adherence, and going to rehabilitation centers contributed to getting delayed functional independence.
Examination of posture and balance in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis
Authors: Inal Busra , Ozengin Nuriye , Bakar Yesim , Ankaralı Handan , Ozturk Yusuf
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine symptom severity, posture, and balance of children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) and compare to a healthy control group. METHODS: Thirty-five children with PMNE and 34 healthy children were included in this study. Physical and sociodemographic characteristics of the children were recorded. Symptom severity was assessed with a Vancouver Non-Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction/Dysfunctional Elimination Syndrome Questionnaire (NLUTD/DES), a four-day bladder diary and a seven-day bowel diary. Standing postural alignment was assessed with the Spinal Mouse device, and the sensory integration of static balance and dynamic standing balance was assessed with the Biodex Balance System SD. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, children with PMNE demonstrated increased symptom severity (p = 0.001), increased upright lumbar lordosis (p = 0.018) and sacral-hip angles (p = 0.029), decreased static balance in the sensory condition of unstable surface with eyes closed (p = 0.001), and decreased mediolateral dynamic balance (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: Children with PMNE demonstrate altered postural alignment, static and dynamic postural instability, and greater symptom severity on the Vancouver NLUTD/DES than age-matched controls.
Supercomputing for healthtech innovation: An interview with Diem Bui, Solution Engineer at LuxProvide1
Authors: Lena Martensson
Published: January 2023

Luxembourg’s supercomputer MeluXina is open to cooperation with companies that need to process huge quantities of data. Diem Bui, Solution Engineer at LuxProvide that manages MeluXina, explains how healthtech companies can benefit from supercomputing to develop and implement innovative health technology applications.
Does employment status matter for job quality? A cross-national perspective
Authors: Gevaert Jessie , De Moortel Deborah , Eiffe Franz Ferdinand , Vanroelen Christophe
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Dual labour market theory raises questions about the relationship between non-standard employment and job quality. While scattered empirical evidence exists, there is a paucity of systematic evidence on the relationship between workers’ employment status and job quality. OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the relation between workers’ employment status (e.g., open-ended, long- and short-term fixed contracts, economically dependent and independent solo self-employment, and self-employment with employees) and important dimensions of job quality (JQ) (e.g., employment prospects, physical work environment, skills and discretion, and working times quality). Cross-national variation in that relation and causes of that variation (e.g., country-level unemployment rate and labour market efficiency) were also investigated. METHODS: Hierarchical regression modelling was applied using a sample of 34,094 workers from the European Working Conditions Survey 2015. RESULTS: The study highlighted a negative association between fixed-term contracts and JQ. For self-employed workers (except economically dependent self-employed workers) a generally positive association was observed. In this study, also positive associations were found between labour market efficiency at the country-level and some JQ indicators. National unemployment rates were negatively associated to most JQ indicators. CONCLUSION: Non-standard employment contracts exhibited poorer job quality than open-ended contracts. Stronger labour market organization centred around indicators of both flexibility and equity related to more beneficial job quality for all employment statuses, thereby promoting more labour market inclusivity.
Prevention and early intervention in South African disability claims management: The private insurer perspective
Authors: Howell Kerri-Lee , Naidoo Deshini , Govender Pragashnie
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Current available literature lacks a focus on the prevention and early intervention stages of the disability claims management process within the South African context. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify fundamental principles to be applied during the prevention and early intervention stages of the disability claims management process within South Africa. METHODS: A qualitative explorative design with a purposive sampling technique to identify stakeholders. Data were collected fromn = 26 stakeholders using virtual semi-structured interviews. Inductive analysis was used to establish fundamental principles for promoting success in applying a prevention and early intervention approach. RESULTS: Four fundamental principles were identified: stakeholder communication and education, stakeholder collaboration, support, and buy-in, early identification and early intervention. The literature, data and themes were used to inform development of a prevention and early intervention disability model as well as an employee health and productivity continuum. Analysis of the results showed that achieving and maintaining employee health and productivity is a complex goal. However, a prevention and early intervention approach is beneficial in decreasing the likelihood of ill-health progressing to short or long-term disability absence. CONCLUSION: This study has proposed a prevention and early intervention model for a disability that may be applied to the employee health and productivity continuum in an attempt to mitigate the risk of ill-health and disability occurring and if they do occur, to decrease the length of time that the symptoms impact an employee’s productivity at work.
The level of perceived stress, burnout, self-efficacy, and coping strategies among physiotherapy academicians during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Saxena Akanksha , Jangra Mandeep Kumar
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, academicians were juggling their personal and professional life amid lockdown while trying to deliver maximum knowledge through online classes. This chronic stress is emotionally draining and can eventually lead to burnout. OBJECTIVE: To examine the levels of perceived stress and burnout and examine the effects of self-efficacy and coping in reducing stress and preventing burnout in academicians during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: This survey included 63 physiotherapy academicians from various physiotherapy colleges in India. Assessments used to collect data were the Perceived Stress Scale, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale. The data was collected through Google Forms and sent through an online mode via various social media apps. RESULTS: This study revealed that the majority of the physiotherapy academicians were experiencing moderate levels of stress eventually leading to burnout. Stress levels were higher in academicians with more than 10 years of experience. Also, self-efficacy and resilient coping were negatively correlated with perceived stress and burnout. CONCLUSION: Academicians experienced increasing amounts of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, if not addressed on time, can lead to job burnout.