bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling Use of Space from Social Media Data Using a Biased Random Walker
Authors: Prager Steven D. , Wiegand R. Paul
Published: November 2013

Individuals and other entities move through space as a function of local characteristics of place, their internal behavioral models, and the topological structure of the underlying space. When a collection of locations (i.e. geotagged photos or other geotagged social media information) from a large number of individuals is assembled, it becomes possible to understand the interrelationship between the individuals and the space they occupy. This research systematically considers this interrelationship through an examination of the effect of the intersection of behavioral and spatial characteristics on individuals moving on street networks. The research illustrates how social media data, in combination with a biased random walker, can be used to understand and model the interaction of spatial structure and social‐environmental factors on influencing individuals' use of their environment. The biased walker offers a flexible approach to incorporate consideration of both social‐environmental and structural factors into a model and we demonstrate this through a case study wherein we are able to use the random walker to model the characteristics of Flickr users in New York City.
Hyperbolicity related problems for complete intersection varieties
Authors: Brotbek Damian
Published: November 2013

In this paper we examine different problems regarding complete intersection varieties of high multidegree in a smooth complex projective variety. First we prove an existence theorem for jet differential equations that generalizes a theorem of Diverio. Then we show how one can deduce hyperbolicity for generic complete intersections of high multidegree and high codimension from the known results on hypersurfaces. Finally, motivated by a conjecture of Debarre, we focus on the positivity of the cotangent bundle of complete intersections, and prove some results towards this conjecture; among other things, we prove that a generic complete intersection surface of high multidegree in a projective space of dimension at least four has an ample cotangent bundle.
Adaptive Consensus Tracking for Fractional-Order Linear Time Invariant Swarm Systems
Authors: Naderi Soorki Mojtaba , Saleh Tavazoei Mohammad
Published: November 2013

This paper presents an adaptive controller to achieve consensus tracking for the fractional-order linear time invariant swarm systems in which the matrices describing the agent dynamics and the interactive dynamics between agents are unknown. This controller consists of two parts: an adaptive stabilizer and an adaptive tracker. The adaptive stabilizer guarantees the asymptotic swarm stability of the considered swarm system. Also, the adaptive tracker enforces the system agents to track a desired trajectory while achieving consensus. Numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum: Feasible Study on Causes of Bulging
Authors: Ohata Mitsuru , Kawai Nana , Tagawa Tetsuya , Minami Fumiyoshi , Yamamoto Toshiya , Arii Kazuaki , Niimoto Shinta
Published: November 2013

Coke drums undergo cyclic operations typically in the temperature range from ambient temperature to about 500 °C (930 °F). During quenching, the coke drum is inevitably subjected to a rapid drop in temperature because cooling water is injected directly into the coke drum through the bottom inlet nozzle. The temperature profile on the shell surface is no more uneven in quenching, and can vary in each cycle of quenching operation. Such complicate thermal profile induces large strains in the shell portion of the coke drum, and eventually causes damage like bulging or cracking. This study makes investigations into the bulging behavior of the coke drum by the thermal elastic-plastic FE-analysis. In this work, a feasible study is conducted on potential causes of bulging. As factors inducing a heterogeneous plasticity in the shell structure of the coke drum, the strength overmatch of welds and the uneven temperature field in quenching as well as quenching conditions are focused. The analytical result shows that strength overmatch in girth seam welds can be one of the causes of plastic distortion under one operating cycle. The lower rising rate of cooling source can induce plastic straining over the whole shell wall, which tends to induce more remarkable plastic distortion.
Evaluation of Cumulative Damage in a Series of Sequential Load Events
Authors: Choi Woo-Seok , Seo Ki-Seog
Published: November 2013

During the safety assessments of transport packages, cumulative damages are naturally accumulated for assessments performed using physical tests specimens. However, such cumulative damages are not as easily accounted for when assessments are made through numerical simulations. While analysts are comfortable with simulating packages for single events, it is not yet common practice to incorporate the effect handed over from a former event to the next, in a series of sequential load events. Thus, many numerical simulations in a safety analysis report (SAR) represent just a single event in a series of sequential events comprising the required accident conditions. These single event numerical simulations are then based on the initial conditions that differ from the analogous physical test specimen, which could contribute to a growing disparity in the results between assessments through physical testing compared to a numerical simulation. The reason why analyses do not consider the cumulative damage is difficulties in delivering the final results of the previous analysis to the current analysis. The hypothetical accident conditions described in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) regulations include drop, puncture, fire, and water immersion conditions, which should be sequentially simulated. There can be cumulative damage between two accident conditions, such as drop and puncture, puncture and fire, and so forth. In this study, as the first step to consider cumulative damage, an analysis technology to perform a puncture analysis incorporating the final response field from a prior drop analysis is proposed. The necessity and validity of the proposed analysis technology are evaluated through a comparison with the results obtained by performing each analysis independently.
A Compact Modeling Approach to Enhance Collaborative Design of Thermal-Fluid Systems
Authors: Stafford Jason , Newport David , Grimes Ronan
Published: November 2013

This paper presents an approach for reducing detailed numerical models of electronic equipment into compact thermal-fluid models. These compact models have been created using network analogies representing mass, momentum and energy transport to reduce computational demand, preserve manufacturer intellectual property, and enable software independent exchange of information between supplier and integrator. A strategic approach is demonstrated for a steady state case from reduction to model integration within a global environment. The compact model is robust to boundary condition variation by developing a boundary condition response matrix for the network layout. A practical example of electronic equipment cooled naturally in air is presented. Solution times were reduced from ∼100 to ∼10−3 CPU hours when using the compact model. Nodal information was predicted with O(10%) accuracy compared to detailed solutions. For parametric design studies, the reduced model can provide 1800 solutions in the same time required to run a single detailed numerical simulation. The information generated by the reduction process also enhances collaborative design by providing the equipment integrator with ordered initial conditions for the equipment in the optimization of the global design. Sensitivity of the compact model to spatial variations on the boundary node faces has also been assessed. Overall, the compact modeling approach developed extends the use of compact models beyond preliminary design and into detailed phases of the product design lifecycle.
Modeling Wear for Heterogeneous Bi-Phasic Materials Using Discrete Elements Approach
Authors: Champagne Matthieu , Renouf Mathieu , Berthier Yves
Published: November 2013

A proper understanding of the processes of friction and wear can only be reached through a detailed study of the contact interface. Empirical laws, such as Archard's, are often used in numerical models. They give good results over a limited range of conditions when their coefficients are correctly set, but they cannot be predicted: any significant change of conditions requires a new set of experimental coefficients. In this paper, a new method, the use of discrete element models (DEMs), is proposed in order to tend to predictable models. As an example, a generic biphasic friction material is modeled, of the type used in aeronautical or automotive brake systems. Micro-scale models are built in order to study material damage and wear under tribological stress. The models show what could be achieved by these numerical methods in tribological studies and how they can reproduce the behavior and mechanisms seen with real-life friction materials without any empirical law or parameter.
Numerical Analysis of the Internal Flow in an Annular Flow Channel Type Oil Damper
Authors: Asami Toshihiko , Honda Itsuro , Ueyama Atsushi
Published: November 2013

The purpose of the present study is to clarify the fluid flow of an oil damper through numerical analysis in order to obtain an exact value of the damping coefficient of an oil damper. The finite difference method (FDM) was used to solve the governing equation of the fluid flow generated by a moving piston. Time steps evolved according to the fractional step method, and the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method was adopted for the moving boundary. In order to stabilize the computation in the moving boundary problem, a masking method with a single block grid system was used. In other words, algebraic grid generation using a stretching function was used for the moving piston in the cylinder of the oil damper. The time-dependent coordinate system in the physical domain, which coincides with the contour of the moving boundary, is transformed into a fixed rectangular coordinate system in the computational domain. The computational results were compared with experimentally obtained results and the approximate analytical solution. The results of the present analysis exhibit good agreement with the experimental results over various widths of the annular flow channel between the piston and cylinder.
A rare aetiology of respiratory failure in a 10-year-old boy: inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour
Authors: Khawaja Ali , Maheshwari Prem Kumar , Haque Anwarul , Zubairi Ali Bin Sarwar
Published: November 2013

Primary neoplasms of the respiratory tract are rarely encountered in the paediatric population. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a rare soft tissue mesenchymal tumour but a distinct disease entity accounting for less than 1% of all primary lung tumours. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with respiratory failure and left lung collapse. On flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy, a pedunculated mass in the lower part of the trachea originating from the left main stem bronchus was identified. The patient subsequently underwent a left-sided pneumonectomy with complete resection of the mass. The histopathological analysis was consistent with IMT. Two years of follow-up and the patient remains well.
Early diagnosis and treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Mosquera Ricardo Alberto , Estrada Lila , Clements Roya Mohebpour , Jon Cindy K
Published: November 2013

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare and fatal complication in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who lack concomitant risk factors. The few documented cases in children have all resulted in deaths during hospitalisation. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with CF who was admitted for an exacerbation which was unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The findings on imaging raised concerns about a possible fungal infection. As a result, voriconazole therapy was started prior to his respiratory deterioration. He was later found to be β-D glucan andAspergillusAg galactomannan positive confirming the suspicion for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Three months after diagnosis, he was discharged home under stable condition. Voriconazole was continued beyond discharge and resulted in improvement of respiratory symptoms. This underscores the importance of early treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with CF. Unfortunately, the patient died 6 months after diagnosis from a CF exacerbation.
Dislocated ankle fracture complicated by near total distal ischaemia
Authors: Duygun Fatih , Sertkaya Omer , Aldemir Cengiz , Dogan Ali
Published: November 2013

Total arterial ischaemia is rarely seen following a dislocated ankle fracture but if it does and intervention is not made, it can lead to serious morbidity. We present a 39-year-old woman with almost total occlusion in the arteria tibialis and arteria dorsalis pedis following a dislocated ankle fracture as a result of a bicycle fall.
STUDY OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTONS USING INTERACTIONS OF LIGHT NUCLEI
Authors: AJAZ M. , SULEYMANOV M. K. , KHAN K. H. , ZAMAN A. , YOUNIS H. , RAHMAN A.
Published: November 2013

Behavior of some average characteristics of protons are studied in protons and deuterons induced interactions with carbon nuclei at 4.2 A GeV /c. The emitted particles are divided into two groups depending on their polar angle in the lab. frame using half angle technique. Results of the experimental data are compared with Dubna version of cascade model. Analysis of the results show that the inner cone protons are leading particles.
DESIGN OF LOW-VOLTAGE LOW-POWER COMPLEX ACTIVE-RC FILTERS
Authors: UPATHAMKUEKOOL CHAIRAT , JIRASEREE-AMORNKUN AMORN , MAHATTANAKUL JIRAYUTH
Published: November 2013

In this paper, novel realization of low-voltage low-power active-RC complex filters is presented. The previously proposed method to compensate for opamp non-idealities in real active-RC filter design, which is suitable for low-power low-voltage application, is extended such that it can be used in the case of complex filter design. Subsequently, fifth-order Chebyshev complex filter with 1-MHz center frequency, bandwidth and 0.5-dB bandpass ripple has been designed for Bluetooth application. Simulation results show that the designed complex filter consumes about 1 mW under 1-V single supply. Its image rejection ratio (IRR) and out-of-band third-order input intercept point (IIP3) are about 80 dB and 37.5 dBV p respectively.
A CAPACITIVE INTERFACE CIRCUIT WITH CAPACITOR MISMATCH AUTO-COMPENSATION FOR MEMS GYROSCOPE
Authors: FANG RAN , LU WENGAO , WANG GUANNAN , TAO TINGTING , ZHANG YACONG , CHEN ZHONGJIAN , YU DUNSHAN
Published: November 2013

In this paper, a capacitive interface circuit with capacitor mismatch auto-compensation has been designed and implemented for MEMS gyroscope. An on-chip capacitor array controlled by an 8-bit SAR logic circuit is selected to be connected in parallel with the minor one of the two differential gyroscope capacitors, making the two capacitors equal. The compensation progress takes eight periods of the clock at power-on and then will be turned off automatically. The chip is fabricated in a 0.35 μm CMOS process. The test of the chip is performed with a vibratory gyroscope on the condition of a closed-loop control in the drive mode, and the measurement shows that the minimum capacitive compensation is 3.5 fF. Within -300°/s to 300°/s of rotation rate input range, the nonlinearity is less than 0.1%.
ANALYTIC SOLUTION FOR THE POTENTIAL BARRIERS IN ALPHA-DECAY PROCESS FOR Po ISOTOPES
Authors: HASSANABADI H. , JAVADIMANESH E. , ZARRINKAMAR S.
Published: November 2013

We study the half-lives of some nuclei via the alpha-decay process in ground-state to ground-state ( g.s. → g.s. ) transitions. To go through the problem, we consider the parabola and WKB approximations to fin the penetration probability. This new formula is used to evaluate alpha-decay half-lives and a good agreement with the experiment is obtained.
MOBILE R&D PROTOTYPES — WHAT IS HAMPERING MARKET IMPLEMENTATION?
Authors: BOUWMAN HARRY , DE REUVER MARK , HAMPE FELIX , CARLSSON CHRISTER , WALDEN PIRKKO
Published: November 2013

In this paper, we examine why mobile R&D prototypes are not being implemented. To do so, we formulated propositions, moving from a macro-economic view on innovation, via innovation strategies to explanations that focus on artifact design and the underlying business models. We concluded that in the design process the focus is on technology and user acceptance, at the expense of the relationship with potential providers of the mobile service. In our view, although design approaches should focus on the artifact and the underlying business models, managing the relationship with potential service providers has to be included from the outset.
SYMPLECTIC METHOD FOR DYNAMIC BUCKLING OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER COMBINED LOADINGS
Authors: SUN JIABIN , XU XINSHENG , LIM C. W.
Published: November 2013

A symplectic system is developed for dynamic buckling of cylindrical shells subjected to the combined action of axial impact load, torsion and pressure. By introducing the dual variables, higher-order stability governing equations are transformed into the lower-order Hamiltonian canonical equations. Critical loads and buckling modes are converted to solving for the symplectic eigenvalues and eigensolutions, respectively. Analytical solutions are presented under various combinations of the in-plane and transverse boundary conditions. The results indicated that in-plane boundary conditions have a significant influence on this problem, especially for the simply supported shells. For the shell with a free impact end, buckling loads should become much lower than others. And the corresponding buckling modes appear as a "bell" shape at the free end. In addition, it is much easier to lose stability for the external pressurized shell. The effect of the shell thickness on buckling results is also discussed in detail.
RECENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS IN DUCTILE FRACTURE OF STEEL BRIDGE STRUCTURES
Authors: GE HANBIN , KANG LAN , HAYAMI KEI
Published: November 2013

Results from 23 cyclic tests, including 18 cantilever-typed steel bridge piers and five beam-to-column connections, are presented to investigate their ductile fracture behavior as related to the seismic design of steel bridge structures, and based on shell and fiber models, two evaluation methods of ductile crack initiation are proposed. The effect of various parameters, including plate width-thickness and column slenderness ratios, cross-section shape, loading history, repeated earthquakes and initial weld defect is investigated experimentally. Among these parameters, width-thickness ratio, loading history and initial weld defect are shown to have significant influence on ductile fracture behavior. The test data suggest that for unstiffened box specimens, current seismic design provision limits on ultimate strain may not provide sufficient ductility for seismic design. On the other hand, based on the experimental results, two damage index-based evaluation methods respectively using shell model and fiber model are successfully employed to predict ductile fracture of steel bridge structures. Comparisons between experimental and analytical results show that they can predict ductile fracture behavior with good accuracy across the specimen geometries, steel types, loading histories and initial weld defects.
ON COHOMOLOGY OF THE HIGSON COMPACTIFICATION OF HYPERBOLIC SPACES
Authors: DRANISHNIKOV ALEXANDER , GENTIMIS THANOS
Published: November 2013

We show that in dimensions > 1 the cohomology groups of the Higson compactification of the hyperbolic space ℍn with respect to the C0 coarse structure are trivial.

Also we prove that the cohomology groups of the Higson compactification of ℍn for the bounded coarse structure are trivial in all even dimensions.
Pathogenesis and Molecular Biology of a Transmissible Tumor in the Tasmanian Devil
Authors: Bender Hannah S. , Marshall Graves Jennifer A. , Deakin Janine E.
Published: November 2013

The emergence of a fatal transmissible cancer known as devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is threatening the iconic Tasmanian devil with extinction in the wild within the next few decades. Since the first report of the disease in 1996, DFTD has spread to over 85% of the devils’ distribution and dramatically reduced devil numbers. Research into DFTD has focused on gaining a deeper understanding of the disease on multiple levels, including an accurate assessment of the tissue origin of the tumor, elucidation of how the tumor evades immune detection, and determination of how the tumor is transmitted between individuals and how it is evolving as it spreads through the population. Knowledge gained from these studies has important implications for DFTD management and devil conservation.
From Germ Cell Preservation to Regenerative Medicine: An Exciting Research Career in Biotechnology
Authors: Wilmut Ian
Published: November 2013

Collection, manipulation, assessment, and storage of mammalian gametes, embryos, and stem cells are providing important opportunities in agriculture, research, and medicine. Semen and embryo freezing in livestock are used in breeding schemes, especially in cattle and for international trade, with no risk of spreading disease. In human medicine, they are used in treatment of infertility. Usually, knowledge gained in one species is applicable in the others. In one exception, some ruminant embryos cultured according to protocols used in human in vitro fertilization become unusually large offspring. This is due to disturbances in expression of imprinted genes. The nuclear transfer procedure developed at the Roslin Institute is being used to make genetic modifications in livestock to either direct production of biomedical proteins, create animal models of human disease, or enhance animal health and productivity. Human pluripotent cells are being used in Edinburgh to identify drugs to treat degenerative diseases.
Serotonin: A Local Regulator in the Mammary Gland Epithelium
Authors: Horseman Nelson D. , Collier Robert J.
Published: November 2013

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a very simple molecule that plays key roles in complex communication mechanisms within the animal body. In the mammary glands, serotonin biosynthesis and secretion are induced in response to dilation of the alveolar spaces. Since its discovery several years ago, mammary 5-HT has been demonstrated to perform two homeostatic functions. First, serotonin regulates lactation and initiates the transition into the earliest phases of involution. Second, serotonin is a local signal that induces parathyroid hormone–related peptide (PTHrP), which allows the mammary gland to drive the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. These processes use different receptor types, 5-HT7 and 5-HT2, respectively. In this review, we provide synthetic perspectives on the fundamental processes of lactation homeostasis and the adaptation of calcium homeostasis for lactation. We analyze the role of the intrinsic serotonin system in the physiological regulation of the mammary glands. We also consider the importance of the mammary serotonin system in pathologies and therapies associated with lactation and breast cancer.
Chemistry of Atmospheric Nucleation: On the Recent Advances on Precursor Characterization and Atmospheric Cluster Composition in Connection with Atmospheric New Particle Formation
Authors: Kulmala M. , Petäjä T. , Ehn M. , Thornton J. , Sipilä M. , Worsnop D.R. , Kerminen V.-M.
Published: November 2013

The recent development in measurement techniques and theoretical understanding has enabled us to study atmospheric vapor, cluster and nanoparticle concentrations, dynamics, and their connection to atmospheric nucleation. Here we present a summary of the chemistry of atmospheric clustering, growing nanoparticles, and their precursors. In this work, we focus particularly on atmospheric gas-to-particle conversion and recent progress in its understanding.
Multidimensional Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Vibrational Coherence in Biopolyenes
Authors: Buckup Tiago , Motzkus Marcus
Published: November 2013

Multidimensional femtosecond time-resolved vibrational coherence spectroscopy allows one to investigate the evolution of vibrational coherence in electronic excited states. Methods such as pump-degenerate four-wave mixing and pump-impulsive vibrational spectroscopy combine an initial ultrashort laser pulse with a nonlinear probing sequence to reinduce vibrational coherence exclusively in the excited states. By carefully exploiting specific electronic resonances, one can detect vibrational coherence from 0 cm−1 to over 2,000 cm−1 and map its evolution. This review focuses on the observation and mapping of high-frequency vibrational coherence for all-trans biological polyenes such as β-carotene, lycopene, retinal, and retinal Schiff base. We discuss the role of molecular symmetry in vibrational coherence activity in the S1 electronic state and the interplay of coupling between electronic states and vibrational coherence.
A Hyperbolic Tangent Adaptive PID + LQR Control Applied to a Step-Down Converter Using Poles Placement Design Implemented in FPGA
Authors: Pedroso Marcelo Dias , Nascimento Claudinor Bitencourt , Tusset Angelo Marcelo , Kaster Maurício dos Santos
Published: November 2013

This work presents an adaptive control that integrates two linear control strategies applied to a step-down converter: Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controls. Considering the converter open loop transfer function and using the poles placement technique, the designs of the two controllers are set so that the operating point of the closed loop system presents the same natural frequency. With poles placement design, the overshoot problems of the LQR controller are avoided. To achieve the best performance of each controller, a hyperbolic tangent weight function is applied. The limits of the hyperbolic tangent function are defined based on the system error range. Simulation results using the Altera DSP Builder software in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment of the proposed control schemes are presented.
Effects of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface in Storm Sewer
Authors: Li Haiyan , Liu Liang , Li Mingyi , Zhang Xiaoran
Published: November 2013

The effects of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and flow rate on the phosphorus (P) release processes at the sediment and water interface in rainwater pipes were investigated. The sampling was conducted in a residential storm sewer of North Li Shi Road in Xi Cheng District of Beijing on August 3, 2011. The release rate of P increased with the increase of pH from 8 to 10. High temperature is favorable for the release of P. The concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in the overlying water increased as the concentration of DO decreased. With the increase of flow rate from 0.7 m s−1to 1.1 m s−1, the concentration of TP in the overlying water increased and then tends to be stable. Among all the factors examined in the present study, the flow rate is the primary influence factor on P release. The cumulative amount of P release increased with the process of pipeline runoff in the rainfall events with high intensities and shorter durations. Feasible measures such as best management practices and low-impact development can be conducted to control the P release on urban sediments by slowing down the flow rate.
A Compact Single-Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with Symmetric and Wide-Beamwidth Radiation Pattern
Authors: Ye Xihong , He Mang , Zhou Pingyuan , Sun Houjun
Published: November 2013

A compact single-feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna is proposed to achieve symmetric radiation pattern over a wide range of observation angles. In order to reduce the radiation aperture and consequently broaden the circular polarization (CP) and the half power beamwidth (HPBW) of the antenna, a partially etched superstrate and a conducting cavity are employed in the design. Further, reasonable axial ratio (AR) and impedance bandwidths are realized within the compact structure by using a simple series crossed-slot aperture coupled feeding. As a consequence, the overall dimension of the fabricated prototype is 0.32λ0× 0.32λ0× 0.12λ0at the center operating frequency of 1.56 GHz, and a 3.0% overlapped bandwidth of 10 dB return loss (RL) and 3 dB AR is obtained. Within the bandwidth, symmetric CP radiation pattern over almost the entire upper hemisphere is observed and the HPBW is also increased from 60° to 106°.
Strategic Bidding Behaviors in Nondecreasing Sponsored Search Auctions
Authors: Tsung Chen-Kun , Ho Hann-Jang , Lee Sing-Ling
Published: November 2013

To realize the specific results in the sponsored search auctions, most advertisers submit particular bid prices. The bidding behaviors with specific purposes are called as the strategic bidding. However, some strategic bidding behaviors will result in negative effects, such as the elimination of the equilibrium and the payment increase for some advertisers. The bidding behaviors with negative results are termed as the vindictive bidding. We survey four strategic bidding behaviors which include a rational bidding and three vindictive bidding strategies. In this paper, we study the relationship between the effects resulted by the vindictive bidding and the valuations of the vindictive advertisers. In our experiments, the search engine provider (SEP) is benefited by all vindictive bidding behaviors, and the increment of the SEP's revenue is proportional to the degree of the vindictiveness. Bidding vindictively without sacrificing the own utility improves the advertiser's utility with high probability. Moreover, we observe that the SEP's revenue is improved by the following situations. First, the vindictive advertiser with low valuation in the keywords with high market value results in more SEP's revenue than that in the keywords with low market value. The second case is to raise the bidding competition between advertisers.
A Sharper Global Error Bound for the Generalized Nonlinear Complementarity Problem over a Polyhedral Cone
Authors: Sun Hongchun , Wang Yiju
Published: November 2013

We revisit the global error bound for the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem over a polyhedral cone (GNCP). By establishing a new equivalent formulation of the GNCP, we establish a sharper global error bound for the GNCP under weaker conditions, which improves the existing error bound estimation for the problem.
Effect of Jeju Water on Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Koh Gwanpyo , Lee Dae Ho , Lee Sang Ah , Kang Eun-Kyung , Hwang Okkyeong , Han Hyun-Jung , Kim Sok Young , Yang Eun-Jin , Kim Min-Kyoung , Chin Hyoun-Jung
Published: November 2013

Jeju water is the groundwater of Jeju Island, a volcanic island located in Republic of Korea. We investigated whether Jeju water improved glycemic control in patients with diabetes. This was a 12-week single-center, double-blind, randomized, and controlled trial. The subjects daily drank a liter of one of three kinds of water: two Jeju waters (S1 and S2) and Seoul tap water (SS). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients in the per-protocol (PP) population achieving glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)<7.0% at week 12. In total, 196 patients were randomized and analyzed in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population (66 consuming S1, 63 consuming S2, and 67 consuming SS); 146 patients were considered in the PP population. There were no significant differences in the primary outcomes of the groups consuming S1, S2, or SS. However, the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c<8% was significantly higher in the S2 group than in the SS group. In the ITT population, the 12-week HbA1c and fructosamine levels were lower in the S1 group than in the SS group and the 4-, 8-, and 12-week fructosamine levels were lower in the S2 group than in the SS group. Although we failed to achieve the primary outcome, it is possible that the Jeju waters improve glycemic control compared with the Seoul tap water in diabetic patients.
Implementation of Fall Detection and Localized Caring System
Authors: Chen Ming-Chih , Chiu Yi-Wen , Chen Chien-Hsing , Chen Ei-Jo
Published: November 2013

We propose the fall detection and localized caring system to effectively detect the postures of a human and provide a service of remote connection with health care center. Especially, when elderly people fall down, they often need to be hospitalized. The system can inform the care center automatically through the wireless sensor network and send the rapid information of the incident for their family through the mobile phone. It also provides the location of incident for immediate rescue by dispatching medical staff from the center. The experimental results show that our system achieves the accurate rate of 99.9% for detecting a human fall and provides the care services effectively.
Plasma Levels of IL-17, VEGF, and Adrenomedullin and S-Cone Dysfunction of the Retina in Children and Adolescents without Signs of Retinopathy and with Varied Duration of Diabetes
Authors: Semeran Kornel , Pawłowski Przemysław , Lisowski Łukasz , Szczepaniak Izabela , Wójtowicz Jerzy , Ławicki Sławomir , Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk Alina , Bossowski Artur
Published: November 2013

The study objective was to assess chosen biochemical parameters of blood and bioelectric function of the retina in patients with T1DM. The study group consisted of 41 patients with T1DM with no signs of diabetic retinopathy. The control group included 21 pediatric patients. We performed (1) S-cone ERG testing with retina response stimulation in both eyes at the luminance of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 (cd × s/m2) with the 440 nm blue flash and light application of the amber background (300 ph cd/m2, 495 nm wavelength), (2) anthropometric measurements, (3) biochemical investigations: IL-17, VEGF, and ADM by the ELISA method. A comparison of the ERG results with biochemical investigations indicates a likely correlation between the worsening of retinal bioelectric function and VEGF levels growing with diabetes duration. We showed a negative correlation between ADM and HbA1c and described possible causes of ADM reduction observed in subgroup I. We demonstrated the presence of bioelectric retinal dysfunction already before the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, which provides new possibilities in the diagnosis of preclinical chronic complications of diabetes. The changes observed in the levels of IL-17, ADM, and VEGF suggest their involvement in the diabetic pathogenesis of eye diseases.
Low-Grazing Angle Detection in Compound-Gaussian Clutter with Hybrid MIMO Radar
Authors: Ding Jincan , Chen Haowen , Wang Hongqiang , Li Xiang , Zhuang Zhaowen
Published: November 2013

This paper focuses on the target detection in low-grazing angle using a hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems in compound-Gaussian clutter, where the multipath effects are very abundant. The performance of detection can be improved via utilizing the multipath echoes. First, the reflection coefficient considering the curved earth effect is derived. Then, the general signal model for MIMO radar is introduced in low-grazing angle; also, the generalized likelihood test (GLRT) and generalized likelihood ratio test-linear quadratic (GLRT-LQ) are derived with known covariance matrix. Via the numerical examples, it is shown that the derived GLRT-LQ detector outperforms the GLRT detector in low-grazing angle, and both performances can be enhanced markedly when the multipath effects are considered.
Learning Rates for -Regularized Kernel Classifiers
Authors: Tong Hongzhi , Chen Di-Rong , Yang Fenghong
Published: November 2013

We consider a family of classification algorithms generated from a regularization kernel scheme associated with -regularizer and convex loss function. Our main purpose is to provide an explicit convergence rate for the excess misclassification error of the produced classifiers. The error decomposition includes approximation error, hypothesis error, and sample error. We apply some novel techniques to estimate the hypothesis error and sample error. Learning rates are eventually derived under some assumptions on the kernel, the input space, the marginal distribution, and the approximation error.
Numerical Solution of the Fractional Partial Differential Equations by the Two-Dimensional Fractional-Order Legendre Functions
Authors: Yin Fukang , Song Junqiang , Wu Yongwen , Zhang Lilun
Published: November 2013

A numerical method is presented to obtain the approximate solutions of the fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs). The basic idea of this method is to achieve the approximate solutions in a generalized expansion form of two-dimensional fractional-order Legendre functions (2D-FLFs). The operational matrices of integration and derivative for 2D-FLFs are first derived. Then, by these matrices, a system of algebraic equations is obtained from FPDEs. Hence, by solving this system, the unknown 2D-FLFs coefficients can be computed. Three examples are discussed to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method.
H∞Consensus for Multiagent Systems with Heterogeneous Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Wang Beibei , Sun Yuangong
Published: November 2013

We apply the linear matrix inequality method to consensus andH∞consensus problems of the single integrator multiagent system with heterogeneous delays in directed networks. To overcome the difficulty caused by heterogeneous time-varying delays, we rewrite the multiagent system into a partially reduced-order system and an integral system. As a result, a particular Lyapunov function is constructed to derive sufficient conditions for consensus of multiagent systems with fixed (switched) topologies. We also apply this method to theH∞consensus of multiagent systems with disturbances and heterogeneous delays. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results.
Electroacupuncture Regulates Apoptosis/Proliferation of Intramuscular Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Restores Colonic Motility in Diabetic Constipation Rats
Authors: Xu Juanjuan , Chen Yan , Liu Shi , Hou Xiaohua
Published: November 2013

Injury of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) is associated with gut dysmotility in diabetic rats. We have shown an acceleration of the colonic contractility by electroacupuncture stimulation (EAS). However, little is known about potential roles of EAS on colonic transit and ICC. In this study, we evaluate the effect of EAS on colonic transit and investigate whether apoptosis/proliferation of ICC was involved in regulative effect of EAS on colonic transit. Rats were randomly assigned to normal, diabetic, diabetic-plus-sham stimulation, diabetic-plus-low-frequency stimulation, and diabetic-plus-high-frequency stimulation groups. Bead expulsion test was used for measuring the distal colonic transit. The Kit (ICC marker) was detected by western blot. Apoptotic ICC was detected by terminal dUTP nucleotide end labeling. Proliferating ICC was identified by Kit/Ki67 double immunofluorescent staining on whole mount preparations. Ultrastructure changes of ICC were studied using electron microscopy. Results showed that high-frequency stimulation significantly promoted colonic transit. Low- and high-frequency stimulation markedly rescued intramuscular ICC from apoptosis. Abundant proliferating intramuscular ICC was found in low- and high-frequency stimulation groups. Our results indicate that high-frequency EAS has stimulatory effect on the distal colonic transit, which may be mediated by downregulation of the apoptosis and upregulation of the proliferation of intramuscular ICC.
Dynamic Intelligent Feedback Scheduling in Networked Control Systems
Authors: Chen Hui-ying , Li Zu-xin , Wang Pei-liang
Published: November 2013

For the networked control system with limited bandwidth and flexible workload, a dynamic intelligent feedback scheduling strategy is proposed. Firstly, a monitor is used to acquire the current available network bandwidth. Then, the new available bandwidth in the next interval is predicted by using LS_SVM approach. At the same time, the dynamic performance indices of all control loops are obtained with a two-dimensional fuzzy logic modulator. Finally, the predicted network bandwidth is dynamically allocated by the bandwidth manager and the priority allocator in terms of the loops' dynamic performance indices. Simulation results show that the sampling periods and priorities of control loops are adjusted timely according to the network workload condition and the dynamic performance of control loops, which make the system running in the optimal state all the time.
Preliminary Computational Hemodynamics Study of Double Aortic Aneurysms under Multistage Surgical Procedures: An Idealised Model Study
Authors: Otsuki Yosuke , Bui Minh Nhat , Ohtake Hiroshi , Watanabe Go , Matsuzawa Teruo
Published: November 2013

Double aortic aneurysm (DAA) falls under the category of multiple aortic aneurysms. Repair is generally done through staged surgery due to low invasiveness. In this approach, one aneurysm is cured per operation. Therefore, two operations are required for DAA. However, post‐first‐surgery rupture cases have been reported. Although the problems involved with managing staged surgery have been discussed for more than 30 years, investigation from a hemodynamic perspective has not been attempted. Hence, this is the first computational fluid dynamics approach to the DAA problem. Three idealized geometries were prepared: presurgery, thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) cured, and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) cured.
By applying identical boundary conditions for flow rate and pressure, the Navier‐Stokes equation and continuity equations were solved under the Newtonian fluid assumption. Average pressure in TAA was increased by AAA repair. On the other hand, average pressure in AAA was decreased after TAA repair. Average wall shear stress was decreased at the peak in post‐first‐surgery models. However, the wave profile of TAA average wall shear stress was changed in the late systole phase after AAA repair. Since the average wall shear stress in the post‐first‐surgery models decreased and pressure at TAA after AAA repair increased, the TAA might be treated first to prevent rupture.
Removal of a Broken Cannulated Femoral Nail: A Novel Retrograde Impaction Technique
Authors: Riansuwan Kongkhet , Tantigate Direk , Mahaisavariya Banchong
Published: November 2013

This report presents a surgical technique to remove a broken cannulated nail from the femur. A Harrington rod was modified for retrograde impaction of the retained fragment. The broken implant was finally removed without complication. This particular procedure was safe, simple, and promising.
Exact Peakon, Compacton, Solitary Wave, and Periodic Wave Solutions for a Generalized KdV Equation
Authors: Meng Qing , He Bin
Published: November 2013

We employ the approaches of both dynamical system and numerical simulation to investigate a generalized KdV equation, which is presented by Yin (2012). Some peakon, compacton, solitary wave, smooth periodic wave, and periodic cusp wave solutions are obtained, and the planar graphs of the compactons and the periodic cusp waves are simulated.
Bifurcations and Periodic Solutions for an Algae-Fish Semicontinuous System
Authors: Dai Chuanjun , Zhao Min , Chen Lansun
Published: November 2013

We propose an algae-fish semicontinuous system for the Zeya Reservoir to study the control of algae, including biological and chemical controls. The bifurcation and periodic solutions of the system were studied using a Poincaré map and a geometric method. The existence of order-1 periodic solution of the system is discussed. Based on previous analysis, we investigated the change in the location of the order-1 periodic solution with variable parameters and we described the transcritical bifurcation of the system. Finally, we provided a series of numerical results to illustrate the feasibility of the theoretical results. These results may help to facilitate a better understanding of algal control in the Zeya Reservoir.
Spatiotemporal Super-Resolution Reconstruction Based on Robust Optical Flow and Zernike Moment for Video Sequences
Authors: Liang Meiyu , Du Junping , Liu Honggang
Published: November 2013

In order to improve the spatiotemporal resolution of the video sequences, a novel spatiotemporal super-resolution reconstruction model (STSR) based on robust optical flow and Zernike moment is proposed in this paper, which integrates the spatial resolution reconstruction and temporal resolution reconstruction into a unified framework. The model does not rely on accurate estimation of subpixel motion and is robust to noise and rotation. Moreover, it can effectively overcome the problems of hole and block artifacts. First we propose an efficient robust optical flow motion estimation model based on motion details preserving, then we introduce the biweighted fusion strategy to implement the spatiotemporal motion compensation. Next, combining the self-adaptive region correlation judgment strategy, we construct a fast fuzzy registration scheme based on Zernike moment for better STSR with higher efficiency, and then the final video sequences with high spatiotemporal resolution can be obtained by fusion of the complementary and redundant information with nonlocal self-similarity between the adjacent video frames. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of both subjective visual and objective quantitative evaluations.
A Possible Role for CD8+ T Lymphocytes in the Cell-Mediated Pathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Giurdanella Federica , Fania Luca , Gnarra Maria , Toto Paola , Di Rollo Daniela , Sauder Daniel N. , Feliciani Claudio
Published: November 2013

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease whose pathogenesis involves both humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Though the pathogenetic role of autoantibodies directed against desmoglein 3 is certain, a number of other factors have been suggested to determine acantholysis in PV. In this study we examined the possible role of CD8+ T cells in the development of acantholysis by a passive transfer of PV autoantibodies using CD8 deficient mice, and we also studied the inflammatory infiltrate of PV skin lesions by immunohistochemical staining. The results of the immunohistochemical staining to study the expression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 in PV skin lesions showed that CD4+ are more expressed than CD8+ in the inflammatory infiltrate of PV lesions, confirming the data of the previous literature. The passive transfer study showed a lower incidence of pemphigus in the group of CD8 deficient mice compared to the control one of wild-type mice. These results suggest that CD8+ T cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of PV, perhaps through the Fas/FasL pathway.
Local Observability of Systems on Time Scales
Authors: Bartosiewicz Zbigniew
Published: November 2013

Analytic systems on an arbitrary time-scale are studied. As particular cases they include continuous-time and discrete-time systems. Several local observability properties are considered. They are characterized in a unified way using the language of real analytic geometry, ideals of germs of analytic functions, and their real radicals. It is shown that some properties related to observability are preserved under various discretizations of continuous-time systems.