bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of multisource noise in airborne electromagnetic data based on deep learning
Authors: Wu Xin , Xue Guoqiang , He Yiming , Xue Junjie
Published: August 2020

Existing noise removal processes for airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data generally consist of several steps, with each using a specific method to remove a specific type of noise. To improve the efficiency of AEM denoising and reduce the impact of the subjective judgment of the operators on the processing results, we have adopted a deep learning method based on a denoising autoencoder (DAE), which enables in one single processing step the removal of multisource noise. The most common noise sources in AEM data, including motion-induced noise, nearby or moderately distant sferics noise, power-line noise, and background electromagnetic noise, will be combined with a large number of simulation responses to build a training set. The data in the training set will be used to train the deep learning DAE neural network so that the neural network could fully learn the respective characteristics of the signal and noise and further effectively distinguish the AEM response signal (useful signal) from the above noise. The field data were processed using this method, and the processing results were compared with those obtained using traditional methods. The comparison test revealed that this method is helpful to reduce the influence of subjective factors on the quality of data results and compress the entire AEM data processing time.
Regularized elastic passive equivalent source inversion with full-waveform inversion: Application to a field monitoring microseismic data set
Authors: Wang Hanchen , Guo Qiang , Alkhalifah Tariq , Wu Zedong
Published: August 2020

One of the key goals of microseismic processing is accurate estimation of the source location. Using full-waveform information in passive-source data sets can potentially delineate microseismic sources. The accuracy of the compressional-wave and shear-wave velocities has a strong influence on the estimation of source locations and hence the reliability of the fracture detection. We have adopted a methodology for passive source and velocity inversion, in which the conventional source term of the elastic wave equation is represented by an equivalent source. The equivalent source term is composed of source images and source functions because it is inspired by elastic reflection waveform inversion. Thus, we update the source locations, source functions, and velocities simultaneously by using a waveform inversion scheme. In the 2D isotropic case, the source terms are defined by two source image components and three source function components. They provide an alternative representation of the source mechanism, usually defined by the moment tensor. Waveform inversion of passive events has severe nonlinearity due to the unknown source locations in space and their functions in time. We have thus used a source-independent objective function, based on convolving reference traces with modeled and observed data, to avoid cycle skipping caused by the unknown sources. We first synthetically examined our method on a modified Marmousi model. Then, by applying a nested inversion for these variables, our method also produces good estimation of the source and background velocity for real microseismic monitoring data. We use a ball-drop event to test the accuracy because the inverted source location should match the ball-seat location. For the uncontrolled events, the estimated source distribution using waveform inversion agrees with the local stress potential information. Although our method has a higher computational cost than traveltime- or migration-based methods, the estimated event locations have significantly improved accuracy.
Adaptive multiple subtraction using a hybrid ℓ2-ℓ1 pattern-learning approach
Authors: Jiang Bowu , Deng Yong , Lu Wenkai
Published: August 2020

Adaptive multiple subtraction (AMS) is a critical and challenging task for multiple attenuation. Recently, pattern-learning-based AMS approaches, including pattern coding and decoding steps based on the [Formula: see text] norm, have achieved impressive results. However, the traditional pattern-learning approach might hurt the primaries under the minimum energy condition of the [Formula: see text]-norm-based decoding. Thus, we adopt a hybrid [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] pattern-learning-based AMS approach, which includes the [Formula: see text]-norm-based multiband coding and the [Formula: see text]-norm-based decoding steps. In the coding stage, the pattern dictionary is obtained by using the [Formula: see text]-norm-based principal component analysis, which has been proven to be an effective feature extraction method. Subsequently, in the decoding stage, the learned patterns from the predicted multiple are used to estimate the multiples in the recorded data, whereas the primaries are treated as additive noise. In general, the primaries are better represented by a Laplacian than by a Gaussian distribution. Consequently, the proposed method uses the [Formula: see text] norm to decode the multiples contained in the recorded data and then uses an alternating split Bregman algorithm to solve the decoding problem. We validate the approach on synthetic and field data sets, and our method yields better results compared with the [Formula: see text]-norm-based matching filter and the traditional pattern-learning approach.
Q-interface imaging using accumulative attenuation estimation
Authors: Li Bei , Li Yunyue Elita , Yang Jizhong
Published: August 2020

A high-resolution Q model is beneficial for more accurate attenuation compensation and preferable for gas-related interpretation. Given an accurate velocity model, viscoacoustic/viscoelastic full-waveform inversion ( Q-FWI) could reconstruct a high-resolution Q model, but it requires significant computational cost due to the iterative process of solving viscoacoustic/viscoelastic wave equations. We have proposed an efficient high-resolution Q-interface imaging method through the following steps. First, we estimate the attenuated traveltime via inversion of the dynamic match filter between synthetic acoustic and observed viscoacoustic prestack records. Second, we derive virtual Q reflectivities via piecewise linear regression on the attenuated traveltime estimation. Finally, by convolving a source wavelet on the virtual Q reflectivities, we generate the virtual Q reflection gathers and migrate them through reverse time migration (RTM) to image the Q interfaces. The Q-interface information is essentially derived by comparing the accumulative attenuation effects estimated from near-offset primary reflections arriving at the same receiver successively in time, and the high resolution is assured by the piecewise linear regression based on prior knowledge of the Q-interface number along the depth. The key insight of our method is to use accumulative attenuation effects to derive immediate effects of Q interfaces (virtual Q reflections) in the prestack data domain, which are readily applicable for Q-interface imaging through simple acoustic RTM. Numerical examples demonstrate that our method produces unprecedented high-resolution images of Q interfaces along the vertical direction with satisfying positioning and interpretable polarity.
3D finite-volume time-domain modeling of geophysical electromagnetic data on unstructured grids using potentials
Authors: Lu Xushan , Farquharson Colin G.
Published: August 2020

Unstructured grids are capable of faithfully representing real-life geologic models and topography with relatively few mesh cells. We have developed a finite-volume solution to the 3D time-domain electromagnetic forward modeling problems using unstructured Delaunay-Voronoï dual meshes. We consider the Helmholtz equation for the electric field and a combination of the Helmholtz equation and the conservation of charge equation for the magnetic vector (A) and electric scalar ([Formula: see text]) potentials. The [Formula: see text] formulation requires initial values for A that can be obtained by solving the magnetostatic problem. We use backward Euler time stepping to advance the electric field and the potentials in the time domain. When using the potential method, the electric and magnetic fields are calculated from [Formula: see text] solutions. To obtain consistent potential solutions at different time steps, we enforce the Coulomb gauge condition, using implicit and explicit methods. We validate the proposed method with a simple 3D conductive block model and with a comparison with other numerical methods. By using [Formula: see text] potentials, it is possible to decompose the electric field into galvanic and inductive parts, which is helpful in understanding the physics behind the behavior of the electromagnetic fields in the ground. We use vector plots to visualize the decomposed electric fields for horizontal and vertical thin conductor models with inductive loop sources. This allows the interplay between inductive and galvanic parts as the electric field and current density develop with time to be visualized.
Data-driven low-frequency signal recovery using deep-learning predictions in full-waveform inversion
Authors: Fang Jinwei , Zhou Hui , Elita Li Yunyue , Zhang Qingchen , Wang Lingqian , Sun Pengyuan , Zhang Jianlei
Published: August 2020

The lack of low-frequency signals in seismic data makes the full-waveform inversion (FWI) procedure easily fall into local minima leading to unreliable results. To reconstruct the missing low-frequency signals more accurately and effectively, we have developed a data-driven low-frequency recovery method based on deep learning from high-frequency signals. In our method, we develop the idea of using a basic data patch of seismic data to build a local data-driven mapping in low-frequency recovery. Energy balancing and data patches are used to prepare high- and low-frequency data for training a convolutional neural network (CNN) to establish the relationship between the high- and low-frequency data pairs. The trained CNN then can be used to predict low-frequency data from high-frequency data. Our CNN was trained on the Marmousi model and tested on the overthrust model, as well as field data. The synthetic experimental results reveal that the predicted low-frequency data match the true low-frequency data very well in the time and frequency domains, and the field results show the successfully extended low-frequency spectra. Furthermore, two FWI tests using the predicted data demonstrate that our approach can reliably recover the low-frequency data.
Multiparameter seismic elastic full-waveform inversion with combined geophone and shaped fiber-optic cable data
Authors: Eaid Matthew V. , Keating Scott D. , Innanen Kristopher A.
Published: August 2020

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a rapidly growing technology for seismic acquisition, with the potential to sample rarely available wavefield components in reservoir settings. How to best use the information that DAS supplies to estimate reservoir properties is an open question. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) of DAS data, alone or in combination with geophone data, is a natural possibility to pursue. A mixed formulation must accommodate particle velocity data and 1C measurements of strain or strain rate in the direction tangent to a fiber-optic cable, which itself may take on some characteristic shape. Expecting that these amplitude and directionality properties of DAS data will impact parameter resolution in FWI, especially when incorporating finite gauge lengths, we have developed two appraisal methods. The first is an analytic description of the relationship between the spatial period and the elastic-wave sensitivity within a helical-wound fiber (which builds on a symmetry class of fibers insensitive to shear strains). The second is an extension of scattering radiation pattern analysis to DAS sensors of arbitrary geometry. We then numerically analyze the FWI response. Using 2D simulations and several simple models including the Marmousi2, we analyze the effect that shaping of the DAS fiber has on parameter estimations, by comparing inversion results derived from straight and various coiled fibers in a horizontal well. Fiber geometry is observed to have important implications for the accuracy and fidelity of DAS-FWI parameter estimates. It is also clear that the complementary features of DAS and standard geophone data impact FWI. Simultaneous inversions of surface geophone and DAS data from horizontal wells convincingly outperform inversions from either data set alone.
Is Subacute Thyroiditis an Underestimated Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Insights From a Case Series
Authors: Brancatella Alessandro , Ricci Debora , Cappellani Daniele , Viola Nicola , Sgrò Daniele , Santini Ferruccio , Latrofa Francesco
Published: August 2020

Context

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 18 million people worldwide and the pandemic is still spreading. After the first case we reported, we observed 4 additional cases of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objectives

The objective of this work is to describe additional cases of SAT associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection to alert physicians that SAT may be a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods

We describe clinical, biochemical, and imaging features of 4 patients with SAT related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

All patients were female (age, 29-46 years). SAT developed 16 to 36 days after the resolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Neck pain radiated to the jaw and palpitations were the main presenting symptoms and were associated with fever and asthenia. One patient was hospitalized because of atrial fibrillation. Thyroid function tests (available for 3 individuals) were suggestive of destructive thyroiditis, and inflammatory markers were high. At neck ultrasound the thyroid was enlarged, with diffuse and bilateral hypoechoic areas and (in 3 patients) absent vascularization at color Doppler. Symptoms disappeared a few days after commencement of treatment (prednisone in 3 patients and ibuprofen in 1). Six weeks after the onset of SAT, all patients were asymptomatic and inflammatory markers had returned to normal range. Two patients were euthyroid, whereas 2 were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism.

Conclusions

SAT may be an underestimated manifestation of COVID-19. Clinicians should keep in mind the possible occurrence of SAT during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
MDCT angiography of emergent, non-traumatic, upper extremity vascular lesions
Authors: Ahmed Sameer , Lee Megan H , Ahn Hannah , Fishman Elliot K.
Published: August 2020

Timely, accurate diagnosis of upper extremity vascular pathology is critical for successful clinical and surgical management. Although the vast majority of upper extremity vascular injury is due to trauma, physicians in the emergency setting, including radiologists, must be familiar with vascular lesions from iatrogenic injury, thromboembolic disease, vascular malformations, and vasculitis. Non-invasive diagnostic imaging with multidetector CT (MDCT) angiography is often employed in the emergency department to evaluate patients with suspected vascular pathology of the upper extremity. Maximum intensity projection and volume rendering technique are two methods that are useful for evaluating vasculature. In addition, dual-energy MDCT is useful in that it allows for the generation of iodine-selective images and bone subtracted images. These techniques can be used to create images that simulate catheter angiograms. In this article, we will discuss the role of MDCT angiography in the diagnosis and management of emergent non-traumatic vascular lesions of the upper extremity.
Caminhos para as empresas contribuírem com a sociedade
Authors: Tonelli Maria José , Wilner Adriana
Published: August 2020

O Caderno Especial desta edição traz uma discussão frutífera sobre o impacto social dos negócios e das escolas de administração. As empresas têm cada vez mais percebido a importância de atuarem em harmonia com a sociedade. Os artigos escritos specialmente para esta edição sobre o tema podem ajudá-las a, de fato, concretizarem esse objetivo.
Como permanecer relevante?
Authors: Wilner Adriana , Dos Santos Aline Lilian
Published: August 2020

Nos anos 1950, a Fundação Getulio Vargas foi pioneira na criação de cursos de administração pública e de empresas no Brasil. Formou gerações que transformaram a gestão no país. Hoje, as escolas de administração, em conjunto, têm mais alunos do que qualquer outra faculdade. Luiz Artur Ledur Brito, diretor da Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo da Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV EAESP), ao refletir sobre a trajetória da escola, levanta a seguinte questão: “Como podemos ambicionar um impacto para a comunidade que relembre a relevância histórica que tivemos?”.Brito aponta, nesta entrevista à GV-executivo, dois caminhos para a FGV EAESP  ermanecer influenciando as organizações e, de forma mais ampla, a sociedade brasileira. O primeiro é formar alunos que tenham, além de habilidades técnicas, a capacidade de interpretar, de forma ampla e estratégica, um mundo que se transforma rapidamente. O outro é não só gerar conhecimento, mas transformar esse conhecimento em recomendações que possam ser aplicadas em organizações públicas e privadas.
Bem-vindo ao território
Authors: Monzoni Mario
Published: August 2020

Cresce a importância do investimento social privado territorial, que almeja a harmonização da inserção de projetos empresariais com as aspirações locais de desenvolvimento.
HR Techs e suas implicações Vanessa
Authors: Cepellos Vanessa
Published: August 2020

Ainda que se fale sobre a importância e valorização do ser humano nas organizações, não estaria a tecnologia nos distanciando de tais projetos?
Liderança 360 graus
Authors: Wilner Adriana , Dos Santos Aline Lilian
Published: August 2020

Growth and comfort do not coexist”. A frase, em inglês, está escrita na parede da sede da International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) para a América Latina, em um moderno prédio da Avenida Juscelino Kubitschek, em São Paulo. De autoria da chief executive officer (CEO) mundial da empresa, Ginni Rometty, a afirmaçãode que não é possível ficar em uma posição confortável para conseguir crescimento ilustra os desafios de quem atua no mercado de tecnologia.Primeira mulher a liderar a operação na América Latina, Ana Paula Assis está na IBM há 24 anos, desde que conseguiu entrar em um programa de estágio da companhia em sua cidade natal, Goiânia. Ter construído carreira na mesma empresa, no entanto, não foi nada monótono. A executiva viveu enormes transformações ao longo de sua trajetória profissional, como a IBM passar de uma empresa de infraestrutura e hardware para um negócio de serviços e software, inserindo-se em mercados como o de computadores pessoais e, mais recentemente, despontando em inteligência artificial, blockchain e quantum computing. “É um constante processo de reinvenção e transformação. Na nossa indústria, não tem perdão; se você parar, vai morrer”, diz Ana Paula nesta entrevista exclusiva à GV-executivo.
Desafios da inovação
Authors: Campana Carla
Published: August 2020

Implantar novos projetos na educação traz riscos. Explicitá-los e geri-los adequadamente é fundamental, como revela a experiência da FGV EAESP com o Intent.
Uma nova visão para as avaliações de aprendizado
Authors: Pignanelli Alexandre
Published: August 2020

Com um instrumental abrangente, integrador e flexível, o sistema de assurance of learning procura vencer as limitações dos modelos tradicionais de avaliação.
Como filtrar modismos
Authors: Sganzerla Clau
Published: August 2020

As soluções propostas são voluntaristas, abrangentes e urgentes? Cuidado! Essas três lentes podem auxiliar os gestores a desemaranhar o novelo dos novos figurinos da administração.
Como adaptar as operações para o comércio online
Authors: De Souza Miguel Priscila Laczynski
Published: August 2020

Quais são as mudanças necessárias nos transportes, na gestão de estoque, nos sistemas de informação e na logística de devolução dos produtos?
Razões para abrir o jogo
Authors: Girão Mel , Brito Eliane Zamith
Published: August 2020

Estudos mostram que, diante da iminência de uma crise de imagem, é mais vantajoso a organização vir a público anunciar o problema, e assim tomar o controle da narrativa, do que correr o risco de o escândalo ser divulgado por terceiros.
Escolhas certas?
Authors: Braga Beatriz Maria
Published: August 2020

Sacrifícios até podem ser feitos pelos jovens, mas desde que sejam recompensados com um trabalho desafiador e desenvolvido em uma cultura organizacional que tenha FIT com seus valores.
Bruxaria, oráculos e magia entre os gestores e suas planilhas
Authors: Andrade Daniel Pereira , Vieira Filho Antonio Gracias
Published: August 2020

Métodos de gestão que depositam todo o risco sobre os indivíduos os fazem sentir pressionados, de modo que não dispõem de tempo nem de subsídios para fundamentar uma escolha responsável.
Expandindo Horizontes
Authors: Tonelli Maria José , Wilner Adriana
Published: August 2020

A primeira edição deste ano traz um caderno especial com quatro artigos que mostram o potencial de cooperação ainda inexplorado nas relações Brasil-Índia. No primeiro artigo, Umesh Mukhi apresenta caminhos inovadores para a colaboração governamental, educacional e cultural entre os dois países como forma de o Brasil ampliar outro grande mercado além da China. Tales Andreassi e Umesh Mukhi tratam de um tema pouco debatido nas corporações, o amor nas organizações, e mostram, com base em pesquisas científicas e estudos de casos da Índia, como uma cultura de coesão pode trazer vantagem competitiva. O artigo de Sanjay Lanka discute os benefícios de uma agricultura sustentável, por meio da experiência de uma cooperativa de café na Índia. Finalmente, o artigo de Luiz Carlos Catirse descreve como a ioga, uma prática indiana milenar, faz diferença em presídios em São Paulo e no mundo todo.
Oportunidade inexplorada
Authors: Mukhi Umesh
Published: August 2020

As relações entre Brasil e Índia podem se fortalecer com cooperação governamental para temáticas específicas, iniciativas educacionais conjuntas, inserção de suas marcas nos dois mercados emergentes e maior intercâmbio cultural.
O amor nas organizações
Authors: Andreassi Tales , Mukhi Umesh
Published: August 2020

É importante que gestores e líderes comecem a refletir sobre como construir uma cultura de coesão, em vez de se concentrarem apenas em métricas de desempenho.
Ioga no cárcere
Authors: Catirse Luiz Carlos
Published: August 2020

Posturas, respirações e meditações da prática indiana ajudam detentos e funcionários a lidarem melhor com questões emocionais nos presídios paulistas e auxiliam no caminho da ressocialização.
Ano de Clarice
Authors: Ferreira Renato Guimarães
Published: August 2020

Vale a pena retomar a leitura dessa escritora nascida há 100 anos como inspiração para o caminho do autoconhecimento, tão urgente nos dias de hoje.
Como ideias viram (prósperas) ações
Authors: Bittar Alexandre de Vicente , Di Serio Luiz Carlos
Published: August 2020

Estudos sugerem que faz diferença ter um conjunto de práticas que envolvem desde a cocriação com fornecedores, consumidores, universidades e startups até o envolvimento da alta gestão nas atividades de inovação.
Chegou a hora de uma nova visão de negócios
Authors: Barki Edgard , Arcuri Adriana
Published: August 2020

Deve-se pensar de forma diferente em como fazer cooperações entre empresas, governos, ongs e sociedade.
Trabalho e labor no mundo digital
Authors: Fleury Maria Tereza Leme
Published: August 2020

Ao mesmo tempo em que cresce a demanda pelo trabalho dos profissionais tecnológicos, a pandemia do coronavírus joga luz à nossa dependência do labor dos “uberizados”.
Gestão da saúde de agora em diante
Authors: Malik Ana Maria , Vecina Neto Gonzalo , Ferreira Junior Walter Cintra
Published: August 2020

O mundo não será o mesmo depois da pandemia. O normal será outro, mas o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) ajuda o país a enfrentar o momento e a se preparar para o que virá.
Decisões financeiras em momentos de crise
Authors: Yoshinaga Claudia , Castro F. Henrique
Published: August 2020

Como a pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe à tona a discussão sobre o comportamento de investidores em situações de pânico.
Lições não aprendidas e sinais para o futuro
Authors: Teixeira Marco Antonio Carvalho
Published: August 2020

Governos, organizações e mídia falharam ao não tirarem aprendizados prévios da experiência chinesa para enfrentarmos a pandemia no Brasil, mas a valorização das evidências científicas e das ações governamentais pode nos preparar melhor para o futuro.
Pós-Covid-19: reconstruir para melhor
Authors: Monzoni Mario , Carvalho André
Published: August 2020

Faz-se necessário considerar a variável ambiental na análise do cenário da pandemia, para a construção de um modelo mais resiliente e sustentável à nova realidade que se apresenta.
Risco de uma crise prolongada
Authors: Da Silva Marcos Fernandes Gonçalves
Published: August 2020

Se o governo não for capaz de apresentar um plano de recuperação do investimento e do consumo e, pior, se não conter a epidemia, cairemos no redemoinho da depressão.
Pandemia e a recuperação da economia
Authors: Sandroni Paulo
Published: August 2020

O retorno do equilíbrio das contas públicas dependerá da capacidade do governo de encontrar fontes de financiamento complementares às receitas tributárias.
O Brasil na era das megadoações
Authors: Nogueira Fernando do Amaral
Published: August 2020

Quando filantropos e empresas fazem megadoações, isso provoca megaimpactos.
DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV Mutations and their effect on Quinolones Resistant Proteus mirabilis among UTIs Patients
Authors: Abdelkreem Randa Hassan , Yousuf Amjad Mohammed , Elmekki Miskelyemen Abdelatti , Elhassan Mogahid Mohammed
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aimed to highlight the importance of mutations within Proteus mirabilis genome that are related to fluoroquinolone resistance.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study performed in different teaching hospitals in Khartoum State from June 2016 to May 2017. A total of (120) P mirabilis isolates from patients with symptoms of UTIs attending different hospitals in Khartoum State were examined. First, modified Kurby Bauer method was performed for phenotypical detection of resistant isolates. Then polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) followed by sequencing were applied for detection of mutations in GyrA, GyrB, ParC and ParE genes of isolates.

Results: P. mirabilis showed 30% resistance to ciprofloxacin. All samples revealed mutation at (serine 83) of GyrA and (serine 84) of ParC by Hinf1 restriction endonuclease digestion. Sequencing was performed for 12 samples. For each gene, two resistant and one susceptible strains were randomly selected. The mutations associated with ciprofloxacin resistant P. mirabilis were as follows; (1/3) GyrA (Ser 83 to Ile) and (2/3) ParC (Ser 81 to Ile). Also it revealed silent mutations at codons of GyrB 474 leucine (3/3), 585 valine (2/3), 612 histidine (1/3) and 639 asparagine (1/3) and ParE 469 isoleucine (2/3), 531 aspartic (2/3) and 533 glycine (1/3).

Conclusions: Ciprofloxacin resistance in P. mirabilis could be monitored through detection of mutations within DNA gyrase (encoded by gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (encoded by parC and parE).

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2207

How to cite this:Abdelkreem RH, Yousuf AM, Elmekki MA, Elhassan MM. DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV Mutations and their effect on Quinolones Resistant Proteus mirabilis among UTIs Patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1234-1240. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2207

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case Report: Cryptococcal meningitis in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma patient receiving brentuximab-vedotin therapy
Authors: Cunha Pereira Tatiana , Rb-Silva Rita , Félix Soares Rita , Domingues Nelson , Mariz José
Published: August 2020

Cryptococcus neoformans infections occur mostly in immunodeficient individuals, being the most common opportunistic fungal central nervous system (CNS) infection in HIV seropositive patients. Moreover, other conditions affecting host immunity, such as hematologic malignancies, organ transplantation and immunosuppressive drugs are implicated as risk factors.

The authors present a case of a 48-year-old male with Hodgkin Lymphoma for 26 years and submitted to several lines of treatment, diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis while on therapy with brentuximab. The patient presented with positive cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) cryptococcal antigen plus positive blood cultures. He was put under induction antifungal treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine, as well as corticosteroid therapy with dexamethasone with headache improvement and a favorable clinical evolution.

There are no reported cases of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis under CD30-directed monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, this case illustrates the risk of Cryptococcus neoformans infection in immunocompromising conditions other than HIV, underlining the need of considering this differential diagnosis when physicians face an opportunistic neuroinfection.
Twist-Valued Models for Three-Valued Paraconsistent Set Theory
Authors: Carnielli Walter A. , Coniglio Marcelo E.
Published: August 2020

We propose in this paper a family of algebraic models of ZFC based on the three-valued paraconsistent logic LPT0, a linguistic variant of da Costa and D’Ottaviano’s logic J3. The semantics is given by twist structures defined over complete Boolean agebras. The Boolean-valued models of ZFC are adapted to twist-valued models of an expansion of ZFC by adding a paraconsistent negation. This allows for inconsistent sets w satisfying ‘not (w = w)’, where ‘not’ stands for the paraconsistent negation. Finally, our framework is adapted to provide a class of twist-valued models generalizing Löwe and Tarafder’s model based on logic (PS 3,∗), showing that they are paraconsistent models of ZFC. The present approach offers more options for investigating independence results in paraconsistent set theory.
ALGUMAS INFLUÊNCIAS TEÓRICAS DETERMINANTES DO CONCEITO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO EM JOSUÉ DE CASTRO: UM PRELÚDIO
Authors: Ribeiro Junior José Arnaldo Dos Santos
Published: August 2020

Investiga algumas influências teóricas determinantes do conceito de desenvolvimento em Josué de Castro (1908-1973), caracterizando sua origem histórica, suas principais influências teóricas, hipóteses básicas e proposições fundamentais. Particularmente, procura-se reconstituir historicamente e dialeticamente a trajetória teórica do escrito: Crise social e desenvolvimento econômico do mundo. Os aspectos do subdesenvolvimento em Josué foram primeiramente estudados por Giuseppe Di Taranto (1993 [1978]) que apontou a dupla influência do dualismo econômico – através da obra do economista William Arthur Lewis (1915-1991) e da Comissão Econômica para América Latina e Caribe (CEPAL) – e do neomarxismo do também economista André Gunder Frank (1929-2005) na obra de Castro. Embora Di Taranto conheça o texto Crise social e desenvolvimento econômico do mundo ele não se debruça sob o mesmo. Esta lacuna na importante obra de Giuseppe anuvia as insignes contribuições teóricas advindas do economista Ragnar Nurkse (1907-1959), Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov – Lênin – (1870-1924) e Karl Marx (1818-1883). Por conseguinte, aponta-se a contradição entre as citadas influências teóricas que resultarão num desenlace no mínimo inesperado:  Josué de Castro – defensor dos camponeses e operários, crítico do colonialismo/imperialismo – acaba por suster o capitalismo enquanto saída para os problemas dos países subdesenvolvidos.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O TRABALHO DOS CATADORES DE MATERIAIS RECICLÁVEIS DA REDE DE RECICLAGEM DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO E A MANUTENÇÃO DA INDÚSTRIA DE RECICLAGEM
Authors: Xavier da Cruz Uilmer Rodrigues
Published: August 2020

O espaço capitalista é constituído a partir das relações sociais que, traduzidas segundo uma lógica de produção, circulação e acúmulo de capital, do consumo e da exploração de força de trabalho, instituem-se em relações de trabalho que centralizam ou marginalizam os sujeitos, fragmentando a sociedade em classes. Esta reflexão corresponde a um olhar específico acerca de uma das categorias de trabalho que compõe a lógica capitalista; a catação de materiais recicláveis, como os sujeitos que compõem esta prática: os catadores. Para tanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é o de compreender qual a relação entre o trabalho de catação realizado pelos catadores de material reciclável da rede de reciclagem do Rio de Janeiro e a manutenção da indústria de reciclagem do Estado. Neste sentido, buscamos destacar os conceitos de espaço e rede e a correspondência destes conceitos com este fenômeno, em que os trabalhadores envolvidos são pilares fundamentais com seus papéis e práticas laborais. Embora não se possa afirmar que a presente proposta concentra-se em uma ‘única’ verdade a respeito deste fenômeno, busca-se colaborar enquanto uma das possíveis análises a respeito do trabalho de catação intrínseco à Indústria de Reciclagem e, por sua vez, à lógica capitalista, a partir de uma abordagem Geográfica.
Management of COPD exacerbations: pharmacotherapeutics of medications
Authors: Moore David
Published: August 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is widely established as a health challenge, with predictions that it will be the third leading cause of global mortality and reduced health status within the next 10 years. Exacerbations of COPD are now the second largest cause of emergency hospitalisation in the UK. The respiratory clinical nurse specialist has an active role in the acute management of COPD exacerbations in the hospital setting, and it is essential that prescribing decisions are made based on the best available evidence. This article critically evaluates the pharmacotherapeutics and evidence base for the use of two medications, salbutamol and amoxicillin, in treating unstable COPD, and discusses implications for clinical practice.
High-performance electron-blocking-layer-free deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes implementing a strip-in-a-barrier structure
Authors: Velpula Ravi Teja , Jain Barsha , Velpula Swetha , Nguyen Hoang-Duy , Nguyen Hieu Pham Trung
Published: August 2020

In this Letter, the electron-blocking-layer (EBL)-free AlGaN ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using a strip-in-a-barrier structure have been proposed. The quantum barrier (QB) structures are systematically engineered by integrating a 1 nm intrinsic

A
l

x

G
a

(
1
−
x
)

N

strip into the middle of QBs. The resulted structures exhibit significantly reduced electron leakage and improved hole injection into the active region, thus generating higher carrier radiative recombination. Our study shows that the proposed structure improves radiative recombination by

∼

220

%

, reduces electron leakage by

∼

11

times, and enhances optical power by

∼

225

%

at 60 mA current injection compared to a conventional AlGaN EBL LED structure. Moreover, the EBL-free strip-in-a-barrier UV LED records the maximum internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of

∼

61.5

%

which is

∼

72

%

higher, and IQE droop is

∼

12.4

%

, which is

∼

333

%

less compared to the conventional AlGaN EBL LED structure at

∼

284.5

n
m

wavelength. Hence, the proposed EBL-free AlGaN LED is the potential solution to enhance the optical power and produce highly efficient UV emitters.
Dual-wavelength complementary grayscale imaging by an ultrathin metasurface
Authors: Cao Yue , Tang Lili , Li Jiaqi , Wang Jin , Dong Zheng-Gao
Published: August 2020

It is important to arbitrarily manipulate optical intensity, an important degree of freedom to light, on microscales, which is a fundamental requirement for integration and miniaturization of optical devices. Metasurfaces have shown unprecedented capabilities for manipulating light in terms of phase, intensity, and polarization. Here, an ultrathin metasurface composed of silver nanorods illuminated by linearly polarized light is demonstrated to manipulate optical intensity in subwavelength scales. By modulating rod orientations, gradient reflectance of light can be achieved on dual-wavelength regimes with contrast reflection intensities. Further, a nanorod metasurface, embedded with a picture of a panda profile, is experimentally designed for grayscale imaging, and the measurements demonstrate that two complementary grayscale images can be displayed at 633 and 900 nm. The grayscale imaging by a proposed ultrathin metasurface with dual-wavelength, complementary, and subwavelength-resolution characteristics provides a simple but efficient way for tailoring optical intensity on subwavelength scales, which is promising for a variety of applications such as encryption and decryption, display, information security, and optical communication.
Watt-level, ultrafast, tunable yellow source based on single-pass, fourth-harmonic generation of Cr2+:ZnS laser at 2360  nm
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Ghosh Anirban , Saripalli Ravi K. , Samanta G. K.
Published: August 2020

We report a compact source of high power, tunable, ultrafast yellow radiation using fourth-harmonic generation of a mid-IR laser in two-stage frequency-doubling processes. Using

C

r

2
+

:

Z
n
S

laser at 2360 nm frequency-doubled in a multi-grating MgO:PPLN crystal, we have generated near-IR radiation tunable across 1137–1200 nm with average output power as high as 2.4 W and pulse width of

∼

60

f
s

. Subsequently, the near-IR radiation is frequency-doubled using a bismuth triborate (BIBO) crystal to produce coherent yellow radiation tunable across 570–596 nm with a maximum average power of

∼

1

W

. The source has a maximum mid-IR to yellow (near-IR to yellow) single-pass conversion efficiency as high as

∼

29.4
%

(

∼

47
%

). Without any pulse compression, the yellow source has output pulses at a repetition rate of 80 MHz with a pulse width of

∼

130

f
s

in Gaussian-shaped and a spectral width of

∼

4

n
m

corresponding to a time-bandwidth product of 0.45. The generated output beam has a Gaussian transverse beam profile with measured

M
2

values of

M
x
2

∼
1.07

and

M
y
2

∼
1.01

.
Sub-bandgap pulsed laser patterning of planar chalcogenide microphotonics
Authors: Mao Dun , Chen Mingkun , Ma Xiangyu , Soman Anishkumar , Xing Huadan , Kananen Thomas , Augenbraun Nathan , Cheng Chen , Doty Matthew , Gu Tingyi
Published: August 2020

Chalcogenide based micro-devices, including integrated photonic waveguides and metasurfaces, have broad applications from mid-infrared nonlinear optical signal processing to reconfigurable photonic metasurfaces. Laser machining is a flexible and cost-effective method for lithography-free patterning and postprocessing of large scale microphotonics. In the past, patterning of chalcogenide thin film materials has been focused on dosage studies with single-point laser exposure, or laser inscription of waveguides. Little effort has been made to find how to reduce feature size or improve the optical qualities of the pattern. In this work, we use a nanosecond laser to create linear features with high refractive index contrast in chalcogenide glass thin film and compare the feature size and surface roughness to other dielectric and metal thin films. By tuning laser power and burst pulse numbers, a minimal feature size of 6 µm and edge roughness of 3 nm can be achieved in chalcogenide phase change material thin film. Non-volatile tunabilities are demonstrated in those laser-patterned microphotonic gratings.
Nanoporous SiO2 based on annealed artificial opals as a favorable material platform of terahertz optics
Authors: Ulitko V. E. , Zotov A. K. , Gavdush A. A. , Katyba G. M. , Komandin G. A. , Spektor I. E. , Shmytko I. M. , Emelchenko G. A. , Dolganova I. N. , Skorobogatiy M. , Kurlov V. N. , Masalov V. M. , Zaytsev K. I.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, artificial opals, made of 300-nm-diameter nanoporous SiO2 globules by sedimentation of a colloidal suspension and annealing at different temperatures in the range of 200–1500 °C, are studied as a promising material platform for terahertz (THz) optics. Our findings reveal that THz optical properties of such materials can be predictably varied in a wide range by annealing, while being a deterministic function of the material porosity. Thus, when increasing annealing temperature, the resultant material refractive index increases from 1.65 to 1.95 at 1.0 THz, while the material absorption coefficient (by field) reduces from 10 to 1 cm−1. The Bruggeman effective medium theory was then successfully applied to model optical properties of the nanoporous SiO2 at THz frequencies as a function of the material porosity and the annealing temperature. Finally, bulk nanoporous SiO2 were shaped using conventional grinding techniques into plates and cylindrical lenses to demonstrate robustness of the novel THz optical materials. A wide range of the nanoporous SiO2 refractive indices, their low-to-moderate THz-wave absorption, as well as their mechanical robustness make such materials a promising platform for THz optics.
Group key agreement over free-space optical links
Authors: Endo Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Mikio , Kitamura Mitsuo , Tsuzuki Orie , Shimizu Ryosuke , Takeoka Masahiro , Sasaki Masahide
Published: August 2020

Free-space optical (FSO) communications can offer secure connectivity thanks to the high directionality of the laser beam and the line-of-sight configuration. These security advantages are employed to realize high-speed key establishment between two distant parties, which is provably secure against an eavesdropper with unlimited computational resources. Besides, a well-maintained laser beam divergence allows group key agreement (GKA) among multiple parties. Here, we propose a novel method of GKA over FSO link—FSO-GKA. After numerically characterizing fundamental behaviors, we present a proof-of-concept demonstration of FSO-GKA using a 7.8-km terrestrial link. We achieve a group key rate of roughly 8 Mbps over a 58dB-loss channel based on 10-MHz on-off keying. We also investigate information leakage risks under several atmospheric conditions, which provides the basis for security certification of FSO-GKA. Our proposed scheme shows a new way to construct high-speed key exchange platforms.
The nexus of journalism and political activism in post-2000 Zimbabwe: A field theory critique
Authors: Chibuwe Albert
Published: August 2020

The post-2000 political-economic crisis in Zimbabwe saw the migration of journalists as political and economic refugees. Many, if not all, of these claimed persecution at home and some amongst them established online publications with an interest on Zimbabwe. But some of the journalists that remained in Zimbabwe became activists in support of either the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) regime or the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). Another group joined civil society whilst others joined either the ruling ZANU-PF party or the opposition political parties, mainly MDC. In the same context, some activists joined newsrooms. In this context, the distinction between journalism and political activism became increasingly blurred. The article, deploying Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, explores how and why this morphing of journalists into activists and vice versa unfolded and its impact on the journalistic field. The findings demonstrate that on one hand journalists morphed into activists through: switching into civil society; active involvement in party politics either as members or election candidates; openly campaigning for or against certain political parties and candidates; and writing political campaign material disguised as news. On the other hand, activists entered the journalistic field as columnists, correspondents or stringers, editors and, in one high profile case, a Ministry of Information official. The metamorphosis happened openly and underground, and it was caused by poverty, greed, the desire to migrate, disenchantment with economic challenges, state-sponsored repression of the media and the desire to secure one’s privileged position in the journalistic social field.
A home on the floor: The musical expression of a DJ in a queer place
Authors: Schaller Jonathan G.
Published: August 2020

Existing studies about DJ learning and experience hint at the importance of place and music in the development of DJ musicianship. An exploration of the experiences of a queer DJ performing electronic dance music in a queer place might broaden our understanding of how musical expression and identity intermingle with musical places. I sought to understand how the monthly queer event Bronco functioned as a place for musical expression for an electronic dance music DJ named Greg. Using the remix as a methodological framework, I layered samples from interviews and field texts to depict Greg’s experiences alongside my own at Bronco. Findings illuminate the role of place in Greg’s musical development, performances and expression of musical and sexual identity. The resonance of Greg’s experiences with my experience as a queer music educator is discussed as well as considerations for music educators who may seek to include electronic dance music in classroom settings.
Contemporary Punk Rock Communities: Scenes of Inclusion and Dedication, Ellen M. Bernhard (2019)
Authors: Way Laura
Published: August 2020

Review of: Contemporary Punk Rock Communities: Scenes of Inclusion and Dedication, Ellen M. Bernhard (2019)

Lanham, MA: The Rowman and Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 190 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-49859-967-2, h/bk, £60.00
Christian Punk: Identity and Performance, Ibrahim Abraham (ed.) (2020)
Authors: Dines Mike
Published: August 2020

Review of: Christian Punk: Identity and Performance, Ibrahim Abraham (ed.) (2020)

London: Bloomsbury, 227 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35009-479-6, h/bk, £60
Sex Pistols: The End is Near, 25.12.77, Kevin Cummins (2020)
Authors: Hollins Paul
Published: August 2020

Review of: Sex Pistols: The End is Near 25.12.77, Kevin Cummins (2020)

New York: ACC Art Books, 176 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78884-061-3, h/bk, £30
Influence of antitox and Vitamin E-selenium on meat quality and safety in rabbits after 1,1-experimental dimethylhydrazine toxicosis
Authors: Maikanov Balgabay S. , Zabolotnykh Mikhail V. , Auteleyeva Laura T. , Seidenova Symbat P.
Published: August 2020

Aim: This study investigated the effects of antitox and Vitamin E-selenium on meat quality and safety in rabbits after experimental 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (1,1-DMH) toxicosis.

Materials and Methods: Experimental groups of rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg each were kept in a vivarium under same controlled conditions (temperature 16-21°C, humidity 60-80%, 12/12 h light/dark cycle, noise level <85 dB) with free access to standard food containing 22.0% protein, 4.5% fat, and 4% fiber. The effect of a detoxifying mixture of antitox and Vitamin E-selenium on safety indicators (residual amount of 1,1-DMH) and quality indicators pre- and post-detoxification of the rabbits from 1,1-DMH was determined.

Results: After detoxification, the residual 1,1-DMH level decreased in all organs and tissues to <0.1 mg/kg. The nutritional value of meat increased by improving organoleptic, physical, and chemical parameters and the amino acid composition of protein.

Conclusion: The antitox+Vitamin E-selenium detoxifying mixture significantly decreases the residual 1,1-DMH level in organs and tissues of animals and increases the nutritional value of rabbit meat in subacute poisoning. The detoxifying mixture can also be used on animals grazing in territories adjacent to Proton-M launch sites for preventive and therapeutic purposes.