bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Visual Narratives in Fashion Magazines: The Role and Impact of Iconic Signifiers
Authors: Seferoğlu Tuğba , Yıldız Şerife
Published: October 2024

Design is a phenomenon that has a communicative or functional purpose in the process of transforming images into form by acquiring meaning in the human mind. Fashion magazines are one of the areas in which the visual significance of design is most clearly recognisable. The aim of this study is to identify the visual signs on the covers of fashion magazines and to analyse how these signs convey the meanings they are intended to convey. Also in this direction, the aim is to determine how the signs on the front covers of the French magazines, which is the subject of the study, differ from each other through the signs. The sample group of the study includes a total of 985 front covers covering the fashion magazines Vogue, Elle, Marie Claire and Cosmopolitan from 2000 to 2020. In the research in which the quantitative research method was used, the visual semiotic analysis of the Groupe μ was chosen as the data collection method. Iconic values were used in this analysis to classify the visual elements on magazine covers. A relational survey design was used to analyse the data collected as part of the quantitative research method. A table of iconic signs was created, which form the structure of the visual semiotic analysis of the Groupe μ. In this way, an attempt was made to find out which visual signs were used to transfer the meaning conveyed by the visual messages on the magazine covers to the cover designs. To arrive at the research results, the SPSS package program was used. The research results show that there are significant differences in the visual expression strategies of the various fashion magazines and how each magazine reflects its own unique visual language and brand identity. We believe that this study contributes greatly to our understanding of diversity in the visual design of fashion magazines and its impact on the fashion industry.
Decoding Prolonged COVID-19: From Cluster Analysis to Pathway Mapping v1
Authors: R Kulkarni Spoorthi , C Lavanya , Niranjan Vidya
Published: October 2024

This protocol outlines a comprehensive approach to decoding prolonged COVID by integrating population genetics and pathway analysis, providing a framework for predicting geographic regions, identifying key genes, and uncovering pathways that can inform targeted treatments. Initially, sequences obtained from NCBI are subjected to phylogenetic and clustering analysis using CLC Genomics Workbench, followed by multiple sequence alignment with MAFFT. The reference genome is indexed, and sequences are aligned to produce SAM and BAM files, leading to variant calling through Freebayes. Consensus sequences are generated using tools like bcftools, and subsequent BLAST analysis is performed to compare clusters against the reference genome. Python scripts further analyze SNP variations, generating Excel reports that highlight significant differences. The workflow offers insights into geographic-specific genetic variations, helping to reveal pathways involved in prolonged COVID, which could ultimately aid in the development of more effective, regionally-tailored treatments.
The presence of risk factors in the home environment that influences the fall of people of the third age
Authors: Zlatičanin Ratko , Jaganjac Amila , Pašalić Arzija , Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Aging is a natural, irreversible physiological process that depends on genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Many physiological, biological, psychological, and other factors play a major role. According to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury death in the world and represent a major global public health problem. Falls are most commonly caused by intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. A comprehensive assessment of fall risk is critical to the development of effective fall prevention programs. The screening protocol is brief, easy to use, and multifactorial and allows the identification of risk factors for falls. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of the presence of risk factors in the home environment and the impact on increasing the risk of falls in people in the third age.
Methods: The study was conducted in the municipality of Podgorica. 109 elderly people from urban and rural areas were included in the study using the snowball method. The instruments used in our study are a standardized checklist for assessing risk factors in the home environment, inside and outside the home (HASSAT), and a self-assessment scale of one’s own concern about a possible falls efficacy scale international. The survey was conducted from the end of October to the end of November 2023.
Results: There is a statistically significant difference in social and physical activities of daily living in the area of concern about falling. When analyzing the overall result of the fear of falling scale in relation to gender, a significant statistical difference is found. The analysis of the individual rooms in relation to the age of the respondents shows that there is a significant statistical difference.
Conclusion: The results obtained show that the high risk of falling is present in all rooms of the home environment for people in their 3rd year of life and that fear of falling increases with age.
The prevalence and distribution of hypodontia inorthodontic patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Jelešković Azra , Mujić Jahić Indira , Selmanagić Aida , Mujić Sara , Redžepagić Vražalica Lejla
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The need for this study on the prevalence of hypodontia in a sample of orthodontic patients from Bosnia and Herzegovina arises from the fact that in the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is a lack of data on the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia as a previously defined, growing global problem and that it could emphasize the importance of its early diagnosis, as this is still the best standard for preventing the occurrence of complications due to a lack of teeth. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in orthodontic patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Orthodontic Department of the University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Dentistry, with the Center for Clinical Dentistry. The study included all patients who presented to the Orthodontic Department in the period from January 2020 to March 2023 and whose diagnostic protocol included panoramic radiographs, which were analyzed for the purposes of this study. The sample consisted of the orthopantomography radiographs of 5084 patients (2031 males and 3053 females).
Results: Hypodontia was found in 6.77% of orthodontic patients, of which 38.4% were male patients and 61.6% were female. The teeth most frequently affected by hypodontia were the second premolars (68.15%). After stratifying the sample by jaw, the most common hypodontic tooth was the second premolar in the mandible and the lateral incisor in the maxilla.
Conclusion: We can conclude that the prevalence of hypodontia in orthodontic patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its distribution are very similar to the general population. The results of this study may help to improve the early diagnosis of hypodontia as a growing problem, which may reduce the complications that may arise from missing a tooth.
Bringing the Ocean to the Stage: Performing Coastal Values and Marine Management
Authors: McKinley Emma , Hughes Erika , Georgia Stephenie , Bowyer Cressida , Fradera Kathryn , Fairbrass Alison , Potts Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Recent years have witnessed a seemingly constant call for improved understanding of human–ocean relationships, resulting in a “boom” of marine social science research, sometimes framed through the lens of ocean literacy. Defined as having an understanding of your influence on the ocean, and its influence on you, ocean literacy has gained traction in recent years as a way of better understanding the complexities of human–ocean relationships. However, despite this interest in the human dimensions of the ocean, coasts and seas, and a corresponding increase in broader marine social sciences research, qualitative and arts‐based research approaches continue to remain on the periphery of ocean research. This article explores the role of two ocean research “outliers,” intersecting arts‐based practice and marine social sciences through the lens of interconnected performances designed to explore the diverse values held by communities about their marine and coastal environment. Undertaken as part of the Diverse Marine Values project, the performances brought together ocean scientists, coastal and marine managers, and community members to create original performance pieces in Lerwick, Shetland, Scotland, and Portsmouth, England. Drawing heavily on applied theatre practice and scholarship, these distinct but interrelated performances utilised elements of forum theatre, devised theatre, and storytelling to address marine issues important to each respective community, with a view to understanding and fostering ocean literacy. In each location, the performance work illustrated ways in which theatre can serve as not only a tool for science communication, but also a research method to explore a range of ocean literacy dimensions. The performances helped the research team, comprised jointly of specialist theatre practitioners and experts in ocean literacy, coastal management, and plastics pollution to reshape data collection and stakeholder engagement. This collaborative theatre‐making process led to deeper conversations and embedded engagement within each coastal community. It also led to a fundamental reshaping of the questions and approaches that the marine managers and scientists asked of the communities in question. The article presents a discussion of the challenges of bridging these related, but often distant, disciplines, and highlights the role of arts‐based research practice in broader ocean literacy research and discourse.
The Phenomenon of War in the Reimagining of World Art: Current Accents
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Petasyuk Olena
Published: October 2024

The article studies the interpretations of war in the artistic space, where they demonstrate humanistic positions and the presence of moral principles. The author analyzes the most notable examples of the phenomenon of war in the refraction of world art in the historical context and reveals what messages permeate the canvases, where the theme of deaths due to wars is emphasized. Such works serve as one of the most powerful condemnations of the war through the power of art. Article shows which key features in the experience of understanding past wars with the help of art coincide with the time of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. The war situation radically transforms the background of artistic creativity, where everything is embroidered with symbols, because the basis of creativity is represented by a symbol as a profound idea. The gallery of images dedicated to the understanding of war as an anti-human phenomenon is represented by the works of Rubens, Goya, Picasso, Dali and also modern world artists who artistically responded to the Russian aggression in Ukraine (Banksy, Driscoll, Melnychuk, mydogsights). The image of suffering mother, presented in most iconic works at different times, is consistent with Ukrainian reality. These are not separate human images, they are the quintessence of the general image of war and accompanying images of suffering, grief, and torment. In each work from the given gallery of images, an expressive desperately crying figure with hands raised to the sky was visibly present as an archetype of a martyr during the war. By demonstrating the horrors of war in visible symbols of culture, the artists utter their own humanist manifesto, while at the same time they warn about the catastrophic nature of the attitude towards war for the history of civilization, and thus the destruction of the main subjects of both history and culture. Did generations understand these powerful messages of artistic geniuses, framed in no less powerful symbols, metaphors and allegories? We will receive an answer in the near future.
Federal Territory: Constitutional and Legal Regulation Development
Authors: Semenov Ilya A.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the legal status of federal territories as public law entities in the Russian Federation, which emerged as a result of the 2020 constitutional reform. This article discusses issues related to constitutional terminology, the constitutional-legal status, and legal regulation of federal territories, along with an analysis of the practice implementation of the constitutional provisions governing these territories. The specific features of existing federal territories in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries are also reviewed. The necessity for further development of the novelty introduced by the Constitution of the Russian Federation regarding federal territories is underscored, including a discussion on the unique tax regime applicable to these territories.
The article employs several scientific methods, including the comparative-legal method and the formal legal method, with additional methods such as analysis and synthesis also utilized.
Conclusion: Despite the short period between the establishment of the first federal territory and the development of its legal framework, several distinctive characteristics have also emerged in Russian legislation. An analysis of Russian constitutional law reveals key features in the exercise of public authority in this new public law entity. When comparing approaches to public authority in other countries, the models of India, Brazil, and Canada were chosen for comparison. It was found that Russia’s form of public authority within federal territories is unique and does not fully align with any of the models seen in these foreign states.
However, Russian legislation currently lacks a comprehensive law that regulates federal territories as a whole. At present, the only federal territory established in the Russian Federation is the Sirius federal territory, and its legal status is governed by the federal law “On the Federal Territory ‘Sirius’”. This highlights the need for further development of a broader normative framework that regulates the status of the federal territory. Such a framework would not only solidify the legal status of the Sirius federal territory but also provide for future federal territories yet to be formed
State Protection of the Family, Motherhood, Paternity, and Childhood: Examining Jurisdictional Challenges in Divorce Cases
Authors: Shemeneva Olga N.
Published: October 2024

The author argues that, currently, courts lack the procedural tools, specialized professional training, and sufficient time to adequately protect the rights of minor children during divorce proceedings. This situation highlights the urgent need for the development of a more effective extrajudicial mechanism to ensure state oversight of parental compliance with the rights and interests of minor children in divorce cases. The proposed procedure is based on the concept that, in addition to courts, other authorities within their respective competencies should oversee the legality of decisions related to divorce proceedings. Specifically, courts should handle legal disputes; registry offices should manage the registration of civil status acts, and guardianship authorities should monitor the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of minors and disabled family members in contentious situations
International Legal Guiding Principles for State Activity in Cyberspace
Authors: Garkusha-Bozhko Sergei Yu.
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of information technologies and the emergence of cyberspace as a new domain of state activity raises critical questions regarding the regulation of state actions within this space under international law. It is evident that international law applies to cyberspace; any contrary approach would create a legal vacuum, implying that states lack international legal obligations related to cyberspace and undermining state sovereignty in this new realm. Given that states are the primary subjects of international law, denying their applicability to cyberspace is existentially untenable. Despite the clear applicability of international legal principles to cyberspace, international law, like law in general, is often rigid and fails to keep pace with rapid technological advancements. Consequently, a key challenge in the international legal regulation of cyberspace is the specific application of international law in these contexts. This leads to several fundamental questions: How do the fundamental principles of international law apply to cyberspace? What is the effect of sovereignty in cyberspace? How are cyber operations attributed to the state? How is cyber-armed conflict regulated? This article addresses these fundamental issues of international legal regulation in cyberspace. Based on the findings of this research, draft guiding principles for state activity in cyberspace were proposed, which could serve as the foundation for an international methodological document, offering an alternative to the unrepresentative Tallinn Manual and potentially paving the way for a future universal international treaty in this area.
Expanding the Role of Molecular Genetic Expertise in Crime Detection and Investigation
Authors: Bokov Sergey N. , Matasova Larissa V.
Published: October 2024

Molecular genetic testing using DNA plays a crucial role in the field of justice. Beyond the analysis of genomic DNA sequences, advanced methods such as mitochondrial DNA analysis, epigenetic marker identification, and RNA profiling are being developed. A particularly promising approach is forensic phenotyping, which involves predicting human characteristics from DNA samples, including appearance, biogeographic origin, and age.
Impact of International Law Fragmentation on the Development of Integration Processes
Authors: Galushko Dmitriy V.
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes the relationship between the phenomenon of fragmentation of international law and integration processes aimed the modern global transformations. Various approaches to understanding the fragmentation of international law are considered, including its causes, forms, and consequences. The article examines how fragmentation impacts the functioning of international integration entities, the development of interstate relations, and the effectiveness of international legal regulation. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of fragmentation as a conducive factor for the advancement of international integration and the establishment of specialized legal regimes within integration associations. Consequently, the degree of fragmentation in international law within established regions correlates with the level and depth of integration. In the current context, the fragmentation serves as a favorable element for participating states in fostering their integration interactions. In addition, international law functions as a crucial instrument for regulating these integration processes. The methodological foundation of this article comprises well-established general and specific methods of scientific research. The article’s purpose and objectives are to investigate the degree of influence and the nature of the interaction between the fragmentation of international law and modern international integration processes.
The Testimony of Suspect and Accused Individuals as Evidence in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Ponomarev Sergey E.
Published: October 2024

Recently, the issue of providing evidence in criminal proceedings has gained significant relevance. The outcome of a criminal case heavily relies on the accuracy and clarity with which evidence is presented. This article examines a specific type of evidence: the testimony of a suspect or accused, highlighting its unique features. Notably, the legal definition of the subject of such testimony is not explicitly outlined in the law. Furthermore, it is important to recognize that the legislative regulation of testimony differs from the procedural status of the individual being interrogated. Interestingly, the legislator assigns less legal weight to the confession of the accused compared to other forms of evidence. Three levels of the subject of proof in criminal cases were identified. In conclusion, it is emphasized that a clear distinction must be made between the content of testimony subject to proof in a criminal case and the information required to substantiate only the procedural circumstances of the case.
Legal Status of the Military Police in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shabanov Pavel N.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the legal status and main functions of the military police within the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The article supports the argument for classifying the military police as law enforcement agencies.
Acts of Entities Involved in Disciplinary Charges Against Civil Servants
Authors: Nosova Yulia B.
Published: October 2024

This article presents a legal analysis of external methods for limiting discretion in the process of holding civil servants accountable for disciplinary violations. This article addresses the application of acts by various entities involved in disciplinary proceedings, such as prosecutor’s submissions, and decisions issued by control and accounting bodies, authorized officials, and other relevant authorities. The findings suggest that the scope of entities involved in disciplinary charges must be clearly defined under disciplinary service legislation. Additionally, the authority of these entities to issue and transmit acts mandating the consideration of disciplinary liability should be codified into sectoral laws.
La aplicación de los acuerdos laborales internacionales: El paradigma del Acuerdo de Bangladesh 2013
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla, Ojeda Avilés Antonio
Published: October 2024

Apenas hay estudios sobre la importante cuestión de la aplicación de los acuerdos laborales internacionales, pues se tiene la idea de que lo importante consiste en negociarlos y firmarlos, y así puede ser todavía hoy, cuando son pocos los convenios y acuerdos laborales que consiguen firmarse a nivel internacional. No obstante se trata del problema principal, pues tales instrumentos se elaboran para ser aplicados. Cuando además se trata de un acuerdo laboral de tipo distinto al de los convenios colectivos, como es el Acuerdo de Bangladesh sobre prevención de riesgos laborales, la cuestión asume un relieve aun más especial, porque hablamos de un país que está a la cabeza del trabajo miserable por elección consciente de su Parlamento.
A CURRENT OVERVIEW OF TAKOTSUBO SYNDROME
Authors: Kılıccalan Ibrahim , Gül Sedat
Published: October 2024

Takotsubo syndrome is an acute, reversible disease characterized by transient dysfunction of the left ventricle of the heart. The pathogenesis of Takotsubo syndrome is not known precisely. However, various hypotheses regarding pathogenesis have been put forward. These hypotheses; coronary microvascular dysfunction, coronary artery spasm, catecholamine-induced myocardial stunning, reperfusion injury after acute coronary syndrome, myocardial microinfarction, endothelial dysfunction and estrogen deficiency, and abnormalities in cardiac fatty acid metabolism. Among these hypotheses and theories, catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity and coronary microvascular dysfunction are most frequently emphasized. Takotsubo syndrome manifests itself with some clinical symptoms and signs. In Takotsubo syndrome, symptoms seen at presentation are chest pain, shortness of breath, and syncope, from the most common to the least. Clinically, it can be confused with acute myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome because it causes complaints such as acute chest pain and shortness of breath. Therefore, it is important to differentiate from these diseases. Anamnesis, physical examination, cardiac troponin, creatine kinase, troponin, electrocardiography (ECG), coronary angiography are used in the differential diagnosis. The presence of physical or emotional stress plays an important role in the differential diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome. There is no specific treatment for Takotsubo syndrome. However, treatment can be divided into two parts as acute and chronic phases. While treatments for complications arising due to Takotsubo syndrome are applied in the acute phase, drugs such as beta blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers are used in the chronic phase. Takotsubo syndrome can also be seen in intensive care patients. In intensive care patients, it often manifests itself with hemodynamic disturbances and respiratory failure. Therefore, Takotsubo syndrome should be considered in intensive care patients when hemodynamic and respiratory changes are observed and patients should be followed up in this direction.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF DL-PHENYLALANINE AND DL-ALANINE WİTH THE HEDGEHOG PATHWAY IN THE PROSTATE CANCER CELL LINE (PC-3)
Authors: Duran Tuğçe , Tuncer Zeliha , Karalezli İlknur
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of DL-Phenylalanine and DL-Alanine on the Hedgehog signaling pathway on the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effects of DL-Phenylalanine and DL-Alanine on cell viability in PC-3 cancer cells were determined by the MTT method. The IC50 value determined for DL-Phenylalanine was applied to PC-3 and HEK-293 cells. Total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis were performed. Gene expression of key genes related to the Hedgehog pathway (SHH, PTCH, SMO, GLI-1) was determined by qPCR (Quantitative PCR).
RESULTS: DL-Alanine showed no cytotoxic effect on PC-3 cells. DL-Phenylalanine decreased cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value for DL-Phenylalanine was determined to be 500 μg/mL at 48 hours. After DL-Phenylalanine application in PC-3 cells, down-regulation in the expression of all genes was detected, while up-regulation was detected in HEK-293 cells (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: DL-Phenylalanine inhibited the Hedgehog pathway in prostate cancer cells. This inhibition was not observed in the control group HEK-293 cells. While DL-Phenylalanine may be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer, DL-Alanine was not found to have such an effect.
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THORACIC SURGERY: A 10 - YEAR STUDY
Authors: Gencer Adem , Aydın Suphi , Dumanlı Ahmet , Öz Gürhan
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: The multidisciplinary approach is extremely important in the thoracic surgery department, as it is in every medical department. The aim of this study was to reveal the place of the department of thoracic surgery in the multidisciplinary approach and its relations with other departments through consultation records.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Consultations requested from the other departments (inbound) and by the thoracic surgery department (outbound) in a period of 10 years (January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2022) were obtained from the hospital information management system and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods.
RESULTS: In the 10-year period, the department that requested the most consultations from thoracic surgeons was the emergency department, with 2793 (38.78%) consultations. In this period, thoracic surgery mostly requested consultation from the anesthesiology and infectious diseases departments (n = 1638 (29.97%) and 1104 (17.42%), respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Thoracic surgery is a part of the trauma team and is also the department that treats surgical diseases of the lung. Therefore, thoracic surgery consultation is requested especially by emergency services and chest diseases departments. The thoracic surgery department is in close contact with the anesthesiology, pulmonology, and cardiology departments and frequently requests consultation from these departments, especially for preoperative evaluation. With COVID-19, infectious diseases were also added to this preoperative team.
Una ética de los cuidados en la docencia del proyecto de vivienda colectiva urbana
Authors: Reus Patricia , Blancafort Jaume
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this research was to demonstrate that it is both possible and has value to apply the findings of gendered research on collective housing to the teaching of architectural projects. The methodology developed for this purpose began with experiential learning dynamics aimed at raising students' awareness of spatial imbalances regarding care. This was followed by a creative process supported by criteria selected from the scientific literature and systematized by the teaching staff. An analysis of projects, academic outcomes, and student feedback contributed to the experience and enabled opportunities for improvement to be identified.
Constructing A New Japanese Development Design Model - NJ-DDM - Intellectual Evolution of an Automobile Product Design
Authors: Amasaka Kakuro
Published: October 2024

The author constructs a New Japanese Development Design Model “NJ-DDM” utilizing CAE to realize “simultaneous achievement of QCD” (quality, cost and delivery) in automobile development design by evolving the super-short-term development design process. Based on this, the author verifies the validity of this model in intellectual evolution of an automobileproduct design.
Stiffness Analysis of the Sarafix External Fixator based on Stainless Steel and Composite Material
Authors: Pervan Nedim , Mesic Elmedin , Colic Mirsad , Avdic Vahid
Published: October 2024

This paper describes a structural analysis of the CAD model three versions fixators Sarafix which is to explore the possibility of introducing composite materials in the construction of the connecting rod fixators comparing values of displacement and stiffness at characteristic structure points. Namely, we have investigated the constructional performance of fixators Sarafix with a connecting rod formed from three different composite materials, the same matrix (epoxy resin) with three different types of fibers (E glass, kevlar 49 and carbonM55J). The results of the structural analysis fixators Sarafix with a connecting rod made of composite materials are compared with the results of tubular connecting rod fixators made of stainless steel. After comparing the results, from the aspect of stiffness, we gave the final considerations about composite material which provides an adequate substitution for the existing material.
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease with Signal Peptide Peptidase-like 2A (SPPL2A) Deficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Gholami Mohammad Amin , Mohtadi Hasan
Published: October 2024

Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, leading to increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. Studies have identified several genes that are associated with MSMD in the interferon-gamma/interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 signaling pathway.
One of these genes is signal peptide peptidase-like 2A (SPPL2A), which is very rare, and defects in this gene have been reported only in 3 patients with MSMD. This case report presents the rare SPPL2A deficiency with an abnormal presentation, which adds to the limited number of these genetic defects.
This report presents the case of a 1-year-old boy who developed Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infection (BCGitis), lymphadenopathy, and an arm abscess that required surgical drainage following BCG vaccination. The patient had hypogammaglobulinemia, normal B-cell counts, normal CD4 counts, low CD8 counts, and SPPL2A deficiency, which is related to MSMD. The patient received a second line of anti-tuberculosis agents.
SPPL2A deficiency is associated with MSMD and can cause severe BCGitis and disruption of immunoglobulin production.
Nephrotic Syndrome and Recurrent Infection
Authors: Ghadimi Zahra Shahraki , Bojd Simin Sadeghi , Parvaneh Nima , Atabaki Mehdi , Alijani Ebrahim
Published: October 2024

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the leakage of protein from the blood into the urine along with the triad of proteinuria, albuminuria, and peripheral edema. Loss of protein leads to the loss of immunoglobulin and complements. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), or Bruton disease, is a primary immunodeficiency disease caused by a defect in the development of B cells in the bone marrow and a low serum level of immunoglobulins. The present case involves a 12-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome, osteomyelitis, and recurrent infections. We discovered that he had XLA. This report underscores the importance of considering inborn errors of immunity in cases of protein loss, such as nephrotic syndrome.
Research Progress of Immune Mechanisms Related to Persistent HPV Infection in CIN after Cervical Conization
Authors: Yang Jingyi , Xue Fengxia
Published: October 2024

Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the grading of cervicalintraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), high-risk HPV infection, multiple HPV infections, high HPV load,HPV infection of surgical margin, and age in CIN after conization. The immune mechanism iscomplex and is primarily related to vaginal microecology disorders, immune escape, immuneresponse impairment, and the release of regulatory cytokines. Currently, the treatment methods forpostoperative persistent HPV infection include surgical treatment, antiviral treatment, vaccination,and other approaches.
Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Cancer Patients with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Arian Yasaman , Faranoush Pooya , Ehsanipour Fahime , Sadighnia Negin , Elahinia Ali , Faranoush Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Background: Considering the widespread COVID-19 pandemic and its impact, especially on children, particularly those with cancer, in terms of transmission risk, mortality, and the occurrence of the disease based on various studies in different countries, we decided to conduct this study to improve the care of children with cancer regarding COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 consisted of obtaining 20 mL of blood samples from the participants in a random manner. Diagnostic examinations, including CT scans, chest X-rays, and a range of hematologic and blood tests, such as complete blood count, ESR, CRP, and D-Dimer, were performed on all patients.
Results: This study contains 26 males and 12 females. The mean age of the patients was 3.81 ± 6.35 years. The majority of cancer patients with COVID-19 were diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) (47.7%). The most common symptoms of COVID-19 in the patients were fever (73.7%), cough (39.5%), and nausea/vomiting (21.1%). 40.4% of the patients had pathological findings suggestive of COVID-19 on their chest CT scans. 60.52% of the patients had an elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and 73.68% had an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level.
Conclusion: Despite the outcomes of COVID-19 in most children with cancer in this study, children with cancer still experience risks from COVID-19, and it is unclear how delays and interruptions in cancer treatment and direct damage from the virus may impact long-term outcomes in these patients.
Scientometrics Analysis of Global Researches on Anemia
Authors: Khaledi Hedye , Makkizadeh Fatemeh , Hazeri Afsaneh
Published: October 2024

Background: Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the hemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal. This study aims to show the intellectual structure of knowledge regarding anemia and gives a comprehensive and up-to-date image of research in this area.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study with a scientometric approach. The PubMed database was searched for research publications indexed under "anemia" including 8484 records between 2011 and 2020. Data were analyzed using Co-word analysis, clustering methods, and strategic diagrams with the help of SPSS and Ucinet 6 software. 
Results: The keyword “Anemia Sickle Cell” and two pairs of frequently used keywords, namely “Anemia, Iron *Iron” were the most frequent in the research area. The results shaped the concepts of anemia in 9 clusters. The clusters "Hydroxyurea and sickle cell anemia", "Fetus transfusion", "Management of Thalassemia Major", "Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome", "Management and Control of Anemia", "Chronic Kidney Failure and Anemia", "Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation" are topics that may be emerging or disappearing. The “Thalassemia and blood transfusion" are immature clusters.
Conclusion: This study uses co-word networks that indicate important links between keywords of the research areas. Most research approaches are in the therapeutic aspects. Despite the importance of the effect of anemia on all levels of society, including economics, education, and other types of anemia, as well as its impact on learning and mental disorders, these subjects have not been given sufficient consideration.
Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions and Performed Monitoring Laboratory-Tests in Patients Receiving Anti Tuberculosis Treatment in an Endemic Region, Zabol
Authors: Moradi Mandana , Khazayee Marziyeh , Sepehri Zahra
Published: October 2024

Background: Efficient anti TB treatment considered crucial globally. Anti TB drugs can cause various adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Clinical and laboratory monitoring will decrease rate of these ADRs, improve patient safety as well as drug adherence and treatment outcome.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study total of 136 newly diagnosed TB patients were included. All patients received standard anti-TB 4 drug regimen.  Predesigned data collection forms were used to gather patient’s lab data as well as clinical symptoms they experienced during treatment course. Monthly follow up visits or phone calls were also performed by investigators and all health issues were recorded.
Results: The majority of our patients aged over 70-year-old. About 54% of them were female. We recorded at least one ADR in 80.8% of patients, and hepatic-gastrointestinal (GI) ADRs ranked first (64.7%). Although ADRs were more common in women and patients over 70-year-old, but there was no statistically significant relationship between sex or age and rate of ADRs (P> 0.05). We also observed that recommended baseline laboratory tests for monitoring anti TB treatment was not performed in any of our patients, except complete blood count (CBC) that was performed in 11 cases. This led to diagnoses of anemia and thrombocytopenia in one case.
Conclusion: The majority of our patients experienced ADR. Recommended drug monitoring tests that could guarantee safe and effective treatment were not performed routinely in our TB management centres. These facts highlighted the importance of improving surveillance system for TB management based on national standards.
A Report on the Tabanus Species Tabanus rufofrater in Mithun (Bos frontalis)
Authors: Borkotoky D. , Mukhopadhaya S.K. , Chamuah J.K. , Devi R.
Published: October 2024

Background: Mithun (Bos frontalis) experience infestations from various ectoparasites, including several types of flies that cause painful bites, stress, blood loss and transmit a range of microorganisms. In the Mithun-inhabited forested regions of Phek, Nagaland, the Tabanus fly is particularly prevalent. Methods: Researchers studied Tabanus flies infesting free-range mithun in Phek District, Nagaland. The flies were collected and processed at the ICAR-NRC on Mithun in Nagaland. Both morphological (using stereoscopic microscopes) and molecular methods (employing ribosomal and mitochondrial gene markers) were utilized for identification. Additionally, DNA barcoding was done at Eurofins Genomics India Pvt. Ltd. to further ascertain the flies’ identities. Climate attributes (Temperature, Rainfall and Humidity) was recorded during the study. Result: Through morphological and molecular investigations, it was conclusively determined to be Tabanus rufofrater. The highest occurrence of Tabanus rufofrater encounters takes place between May and August, aligning with the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, before gradually declining thereafter. The prevalence of Tabanus rufofrater attacks peaks from May to August, coinciding with the pre-monsoon and monsoon periods and subsequently decreases.
Molecular Characterization and Sequencing of Interleukin-15 (IL15Rα) in Poonchi Chicken from Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Azad Mandeep Singh , Chakraborty Dibyendu , Kour Kawardeep , Kumar Dhirendra , Lal Aditi
Published: October 2024

Background: Conservation and promotion of native breeds is important for developing disease resistant and resilient genotypes. Present study is the first study on molecular characterization of immune related genes in Poonchi chicken population of Jammu, India. Interleukin-15 (IL-15Rα) is involved in generating immune response by acting as a growth factor in recruiting T and NK cells. Methods: RNA isolation followed by cDNA synthesis from freshly collected blood samples of Poonchi was done. PCR amplification with specific primers was carried out for IL-15Rα gene of 243 bp size. Sanger sequencing was followed by analysis with BioEdit and MEGA X softwares. Variation was observed within the Poonchi chicken population under study and also with other breeds like Kadaknath and Leghorn. Result: Result showed a single nucleotide polymorphism change of T→C. The amino acid compositions showed that GC content was higher than AT content. The within population genetic distance was 0.0078. Sustainable variation was observed through multiple alignment and genetic distance studies which suggest further association studies should be carried with larger Poonchi chicken population to identify presence and absence of resistant genotypes.
Efficacy of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides against Complex Weed Flora, Yield and Economics of Blackgram under High Hills Wet Temperate Zone of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Kaur Puneet , Guleria Niraj , Hetta Gaytri , . Meenakshi
Published: October 2024

Background: Implementing integrated strategies for weed management is essential in maximizing blackgram yield. Unchecked weed proliferation leads to substantial decrease in crop productivity. Methods: The current field experiment was conducted at Salooni, Himachal Pradesh, to evaluate the efficacy of different integrated weed management practices during Kharif 2022 and 2023. Eleven treatments targeting weed control were evaluated both at pre and post - emergence stages. Result: The predominant weeds were Echinochloa colona, Galinsoga parviflora, Cyperus species and other broad leaf weeds were Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens, Trianthema species, Ageratum conyzoides. Data on weed dynamics revealed that; after weed-free treatment, the application of Imazethapyr 75 g/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS; Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS and Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE) recorded a significantly lower total weed count as compared to other treatments. Parameters related to blackgram growth and yield, including plant height, number of branches per plant, pods per plant, grain yield and haulm yield were significantly higher with weed-free treatment followed by application of imazethapyr 75 g/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS, remaining at par with application of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE) and pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS. The most economically efficient weed control method was the combination of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE), as it resulted in the highest net returns and marginal benefit-cost ratio.
Exploring Factors Affecting Breastfeeding: Insights From Hispanic and Black Mothers and Healthcare Providers in El Paso, Texas
Authors: O’Neil Dara , Santana Adela , Enderle Joan , King Laura
Published: October 2024

Objective:Breastfeeding has been shown to have many health benefits to both the infant and the mother. However, there are racial and ethnic disparities in breastfeeding rates across all U.S. states and territories. This study sought to understand the support needed to improve breastfeeding rates and address disparities in El Paso County, Texas using the socioecological model framework for analysis.

Methods:We conducted focus groups involving 16 Hispanic and Black mothers. During these sessions, we asked them about the environmental and social factors that influenced their decisions to either start or stop breastfeeding. Additionally, we interviewed six health professionals to gain insights into the support activities they provide to breastfeeding women and identify potential gaps in care.

Results:The study found several themes that align with prior research on breastfeeding support: (a) Breastfeeding is recognized as being healthy, but misconceptions exist about formula. (b) Some mothers find public breastfeeding or pumping inappropriate, but opinions vary. (c) Family members significantly influence the decision to breastfeed; their support varies. (d) Although aid from healthcare professionals (HCPs) in breastfeeding is appreciated and valued, it is not always available. (e) HCPs are not uniformly perceived as knowledgeable or helpful, occasionally providing conflicting information. (f) Prenatal classes featuring breastfeeding are appreciated, but the depth of information provided varies. (g) Women seek increased postdischarge support from hospitals. (h) The transition back to work introduces various challenges. (i) Community norms and attitudes toward breastfeeding can be unsupportive. (j) Demand exists for updated, accessible local breastfeeding resources. (k) The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children is valued, but there is confusion about services and eligibility requirements. (l) Undocumented immigrants might hesitate to access public services due to concerns about their status.

Conclusions:Breastfeeding support programs should take into account the cultural context, the influence of healthcare providers, and the availability of community support. Addressing these aspects can be key to promoting breastfeeding and reducing disparities in breastfeeding rates.
The Artists’ Association branches of Revolutionary Russia: experience of interaction with regions
Authors: Bakaryagin S. S.
Published: October 2024

Importance. The activities of the Artists’ Association branches of Revolutionary Russia (1922–1932) are considered. During this period, the organization had a significant and sometimes decisive place in the artistic life of the country. The subject of the study relates to the culture of the country as a whole and touches on local history issues. The purpose of the work is to assess the influence of the central organization on the local branches development and analyze their importance in the Association work.

Materials and Methods. The research is based on materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, the State Archive of the Yaroslavl Region and published memoirs of participants in the events. In the course of the work, the biographical method is used, as well as historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods traditional for historical science.

Results and Discussion. It is noted that the Association participants paid great attention to the creation of representative offices at the local level. The presence of artistic traditions in a particular region played an important role in the development of local branches of the AARR. At the same time, established traditions are not the determining factor. The presence of a bright creative personality in it, who set a certain pace of work, could be of significant importance in the development of a particular branch.

Conclusion. It is revealed that some of the regional branches ceased their activities even before the liquidation of the AARR. Despite this, the work of branches of the Artists’ Association of Revolutionary Russia contributed to the accessibility of art for the local population, attracting regional residents to artistic life and preserving cultural monuments. Museums and creative studios are created, and active exhibitions and lectures are carried out.