bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenol Content and Peroxidase Enzyme Activity in Soybean Infected with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv glycines with the Application of Bacillus subtilis JB12 and Bacillus velezensis ST32
Authors: Nurcahyanti Suhartiningsih Dwi , Wahyuni Wiwiek Sri , Masnilah Rachmi , Nurdika Anggi Anwar Hendra
Published: March 2023

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv glycines (Xag) is a pathogen that causes pustule disease in soybeans. Many techniques for controlling this disease have been widely developed, one of which is the use of biological agents. Bacillus sp. from the soybean phyllosphere is a biological agent that has the potential to suppress the development of pustule disease. One of the biological control mechanisms is through biochemical induction of plant resistance which includes the accumulation of phenols, salicylic acid compounds, and peroxidase enzymes. Bacillus subtilis JB12 and Bacillus velezensis ST32 are two bacteria isolated from the soybean phyllosphere which have previously been known to suppress Xag through an antibiosis mechanism. This study aimed to determine the potential of Bacillus subtilis JB12 and Bacillus velezensis ST32 in inducing soybean resistance against Xag infection. This research was carried out in two stages, the induction of resistance tosoybean germination and an experiment in a greenhouse. This study consisted of 4 treatments and 5 replications, including P0 (Xag inoculation), P1 (Bacillus subtilis JB12 inoculation), P2 (Bacillus velezensisST32), and P3 (Bacillus subtilis JB12 + Bacillus velezensis ST32 inoculation). Observations were made on the content of phenolic compounds, peroxidase enzyme activity, and the development of soybean pustule disease. The results showed differences in phenol content and peroxidase activity at the two stages of the study.Seed treatment with both isolates of Bacillus sp was able to increase the phenol content of soybean sprouts up to 3 - 5 days after inoculation (dai). Phenol content then decreased and was followed by an increase in the peroxidase activity up to 7 dai. The application of Xag and two isolates of Bacillus sp. in soybean plants caused the phenol content to fluctuate and peroxidase activity to decrease. Bacillus subtilis JB12 in general played a better role in increasing phenol content and peroxidase enzyme activity in soybean than Bacillus velezensis ST32. The application of two isolates of Bacillus sp. was not able to prolong the incubation period and reduce the severity of the pustule disease 14 days after inoculation.
Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus Sp. Isolated from Air, Surface, Food and Clinical samples Collected from Baghdad Hospital
Authors: Sabbar Shahad R. , Talib Adel H. , Fakhry Saad S.
Published: March 2023

Staphylococcus Sp.is the most common type of bacteria found in contamination place, we design this study to compare the contamination accident between two hospitals in Baghdad.One of them isthe Burns Specialist Hospital in the Medical CityinRusafa and another one is Al-Karama Hospital in Karkh. The samples were collected fromOperativeWard No1 (OW1), Operative Ward No2 (OW2), Consulting Pharmacy (CP), Emergency Room (ER), Reception Room (RR), Women's Ward (WW) and Men's Ward (MW).The samples were taken from inside each clinical unit, surfaces, food, and air. The results showed that the number of samples containing Staphylococcus sp. bacteria is 81, including 45 belonging to Al-Karama Burns Ward Hospital and 36 belonging to the Medical City Hospital, Burns Special Hospital. The results of Medical City Hospital showed that Staphylococcus sp.isolates resist many antibiotics, 99.99% of the isolatesfrom patient samples were resistant to(CLR, P, AMP); 92.30% of the isolates from air samples were resistant to(P, MET) and 85.71%of isolates from surfaces and food samples were resist for (AMP, MET). Also the results of Al-KaramaHospital showed that the highest resistance in the staphylococcus sp.isolateswere in patient samplesfor (AMP, SXT), in surface samples for (E), in food samples for (E,P) and in air samples for (P) and the resistance rates were 100% to all these antibiotics.
Synthesis, Characterization of New Metal Complexes of Co (II), Cu (II), Cd (II) and Ru (III) from azo ligand 5-((2-(1H-indol-2-yl)ethyl) diazinyl)-2- aminophenol, Thermal and Antioxidant Studies
Authors: Al-Hamdani Abbas Ali Salih , Abdulridha Myasim Qasim
Published: March 2023

A novel metal complexes Cu (II), Co (II), Cd (II), Ru (III) from azo ligand 5-((2-(1H-indol-2-yl) ethyl) diazinyl)-2-aminophenol were synthesized by simple substitution of tryptamine with 2-aminophenol. Structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT IR, UV-Vis, Mass spectroscopyand elemental analysis. In addition measurements of magnetic moments, molar conductance and atomic absorption. Then study their thermal stability by using TGA and DSC curves. The DCS curve was used to calculate the thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS and Δ G. Analytical information showed that all complexes achieve a metal:ligand ratio of [1:1]. In all complex examinations, the Ligand performs as a tridentate ligand, connecting Cu (II), Co (II), Cd (II), and Ru (III) ions through the nitrogen atom of amine , azo groups and the oxygen phenolic group. Cu (II), Co (II), and Cd (II) complexes were characterized as having tetrahedral geometry, while Ru (III) complex was found to have octahedral geometry. The antioxidant activity of the metal complexes was assessed against the DPPH radical (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and compared to that of a common natural antioxidant Gallic acid to observe the produced compounds. The results demonstrated ligands have more antioxidant activity than metal complexes.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN A NOVEL DETERMINISTIC TEST FOR MERSENNE PRIMES AND THE WELL-KNOWN PRIMALITY TESTS
Authors: Awad Yahia , Hindi Ramiz , Chehade Haissam
Published: March 2023

In this article, a new deterministic primality test for Mersenne primes is presented. It also includes a comparative study between well-known primality tests in order to identify the best test. Moreover, new modiﬁcations are suggested in order to eliminate pseudoprimes. The study covers random primes such as Mersenne primes and Proth primes. Finally, these tests are arranged from the best to the worst according to strength, speed, and effectiveness based on the results obtained through programs prepared and operated by Mathematica, and the results are presented through tables and graphs.
Depressurization Methodology of Annular With High-Pressure Equipment in Unconventional Resources
Authors: Duran Rosmary , Villagra Fernando Martin
Published: March 2023

During the past year, YPF S.A, (the biggest E&P operator company in Argentina) is working very intensive to optimize operational processes that provide production cost reduction, increase the well productivity and safer well interventions in the Unconventional resources in Argentina. Therefore, the objective of increasing economic profitability brought the challenge of creating modifying current processes and searching for new technologies and methodologies in favor of reducing the cost of equipments, resources and well interventions.

In order to accomplish YPF previous objectives, perform of a statistical study about the well interventions with Pulling equipment during the years 2020 and 2021, and the impact of high increase in time and cost was identify specifically during well control process in the Pulling interventions related to pump mechanical installation in parent well or the hook-up to reinstall back the system lift after frac hit from child well.

The root cause identified for increasing time was the high pressure in the annular section C of the well and and secondly, the build up pressure generated in a short time due to the increase of energy at the bottom of the well because of to the received frac hit from child well.

This paper explains the importance of bleeding the annular pressure of the well before the entry of the extraction equipment, for the integrity of the well, as well as the evaluation of depressurization methodologies to obtain the reduction of time and costs in the well control process in the Pulling interventions. Consecuently, the methodologies proposed (Depressurization Equipment, Branch Valves and Flexible hose pipe) reduce the loss of production and improve the well efficiency in the use of resources for the depressurization of the annular space to preserve the integrity of the well by WIMS methodology, achieve safer interventions and OPEX reduction between 25-41% for each intervention where are applied in Oil reservoirs Unconventional (Vaca Muerta) in Argentina.

In addition, the rationalization of the economic resource will be facilitated according to the need by decision scheme, also, with the correct application of methodologies guarantees the effectiveness and efficiency use of the resources complying with the recommended management cycle as it can be used additionally, in other fields such as depressurization of the annular for integrity, to work the Slick line and HOU equipment.

The methodologies may be replicated to the rest of the areas with their respective chromatographic and risk analysis. Additionally, it will be necessary to comply with the recommended maintenance for each methodology.
Vaca Muerta Characterization in the Parva Negra Oeste Block, Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Nawratil Alejandro Enrique , Bustos Crescentino Gabriela Inés , Serra Fernando Adrián
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the development of the Vaca Muerta Formation in Parva Negra Oeste Block through horizontal wells. To perform this, two vertical wells drilled recently by Capex were characterized. All information obtained was integrated, including well logs, rock data such as cuttings, sidewall cores and core samples and also 2D/3D seismic.

The first step was oriented to classify the Vaca Muerta Formation into electrofacies using a commercial software. As a result of this, four electrofacies were defined. Later, a geological characterization of the electrofacies was performed using lab data such as geochemical, mineralogical, petrographic and geomechanical studies. A structural and stratigraphic framework was already available from seismic interpretation. Finally, all this information was integrated to the seismic data in order to further understand their vertical and areal distribution in the Block.

This study allowed us to define four electrofacies for the Vaca Muerta Formation in the Parva Negra Oeste Block from well logs and lab data obtained from two vertical wells drilled during the last two years by Capex. These electrofacies show the following vertical variation from base to top of the studied interval: a) organic mudstones, b) silty mudstones, c) radiolaritic mudstones with high porosity and high total organic content, and d) silty fossiliferous mudstones with low porosity and low total organic content. Ultimately, the integration of the geological characterization, a geomechanical model and the seismic interpretation allowed us to define a landing zone for future development of the Block based on hard data provided by well logs, rock information and geological – seismic interpretation.

Prior drilling and subsequent well characterization allowed us to extend the knowledge of the northwestern zone of the Neuquén Basin, which is not densely drilled, adding high quality data, and to evaluate the possibilities of a future development of the Block through horizontal wells.
From Exploration to Development: The Completion Evolution in Vaca Muerta
Authors: Bonapace Juan Carlos , Riolfo Luis Atilio , Zrain Rodrigo , Alric Facundo Gabriel , Moussi Mohamed Lamine , Santander Jorge Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Operators in the Neuquén basin have developed Vaca Muerta with different results. In our case, it has gone from vertical exploratory wells, almost ten years ago, to a current development phase with multi-horizontal well PADs targeting different landings. During this period, many lessons have been learned and applied. This paper explains how we have become more efficient and cost effective by increasing production and reducing well delivery cycle time, while fostering the long-term sustainability of the project by reducing the environmental impact of operations.

The implementation of different surveying technologies (ranging from initial vertical wells with simple and specialized logs, cores, XRD, proppant tracers and micro seismic interpretation, to multi-landing horizontal stimulated wells with more complex techniques such as 4D seismic, chemical tracers and fiber-optics studies) has guided the evolution of completion design, shifting stimulation jobs towards larger, more complex and more resource consuming scenarios.

In this regard, together with the increasing lateral length of the wells, operations have shifted towards technologies that foster time maximization in a cost-effective manner. Water transfer and sand logistics have been reformulated to a new scale. Also plug and perf, coiled tubing and fracturing jobs have boosted performance and reliability through the implementation of new technologies and optimization of the operations sequence.

Different field tests and studies have driven changes in completion design to maximize production at lower costs. Some fracture parameters evaluated have shown a positive impact on production. Product QC (e.g., proppant and fluids tests) and service reliability improvements have shown to be key to achieve completion objectives in a timely manner. Great efforts have been made to break paradigms regarding water and sand logistics. Only the combination of all these factors, coupled with the implementation of state-of-the-art technologies, can create a synergy that promotes the sustainable development of unconventional resources.

Over the last years, several studies and field tests have shifted the way of conceiving best stimulation practices for unconventional wells. This document describes how the increasingly demanding requirements of completion design were caught up by operations. The historical evolution described in this work shows both positive and negative experiences. Finally, we examine a possible stimulation strategy path for the challenging context that shale developments shall face.
2PSLAF: Privacy-Preserving Secure lightweight authentication framework for Vehicle to Vehicle communications in eHealth Environments
Authors: Rao P Muralidhara , Saraswathi Pedada
Published: March 2023

Internet of Vehicular Things (IoVT) intended to connect vehicles in urban and rural areas to provide communication among the vehicles. With the rapid development of eHealth, the autonomous and intelligent vehicles play a vital role. Now a days, millions of vehicles equipped with smart sensors, devices, and communication facilities for providing quality of service at emergency. Due to network openness, unfortunately, IoVT is subject to a large number of potential issues related to security and privacy. This paper proposes an efficient privacy-preserving secure vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Firstly, we propose a privacy-protected identity-based mutual authentication. Further, to enhance the security levels, the session key is derived from timestamps, a common key shared by the vehicles, privacy-protected identity and random nonce decided by both the vehicles. The security analysis shows our scheme withstands several potential attacks, including unknown key share attacks, replay attacks, and key-compromised impersonation attacks. The empirical results show the efficiency of the proposed scheme is computationally taking less time.
Remdesivir Treatment alters Circulating MicroRNA Profile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients
Authors: Fayyad-Kazan Mohammad , Makki Rawan , Homsi Mahmoud El , Samadi Ahmad , Chaaban Hilal , Majzoub Rania El , Hamade Eva , Fayyad-Kazan Hussein , Badran Bassam
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a serious infectious disease caused by the newly discovered Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents a significant global health crisis nowadays. Although no specific antiviral drug has been proven to be fully effective against COVID-19, Remdesivir (GS-5734), a nucleoside analogue prodrug, showed beneficial effects upon treating severe hospitalized COVID-19 cases. The molecular mechanism underlying this beneficial therapeutic effect is still vague. In this study, we assessed the effect of Remdesivir treatment on the signature of circulating miRNAs in the plasma of COVID-19 patients. MiRCURY LNA miRNome qPCR Panels were used to characterize the miRNA signature. Individual quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to confirm the outcome of miRCURY LNA miRNome qPCR Panels. Our results revealed that Remdesivir can restore the expression of a panel of miRNAs being upregulated in COVID-19 patients into levels comparable to those exhibited by healthy donors. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these miRNAs are involved in diverse biological processes such as Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling pathway, Hippo signaling, P53 signalling and Rap1 signaling pathway. On the other hand, 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-7-5p, hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-miR-130b-3p) were upregulated in patients only following Remdesivir treatment or in naturally remitted patients. These upregulated miRNAs could serve as biomarkers of COVID-19 remission. The output of this study highlights that Remedisivir therapeutic potential involves miRNA-regulated molecular mechanisms.
An Economic Low-profile Elliptical Microstrip Antenna-to-RWG Transition for Microwave Laboratory and X-Band Applications
Authors: Elfergani Issa , Varshney Atul , Sharma Vipul , Kannan S. Rajesh , Udaiyakumar R. , Zebiri Chemseddine , Desai Arpan , Rodriguez Jonathan , Abd-Alhameed Raed
Published: March 2023

The work presents a low-cost compact microstrip line (MSL)-to-rectangular waveguide (RWG) transition for space communication, satellite communication, RADAR, amateur radio; microwave laboratory X-band applications. A 90˚ MSL-to-RWG transition comprises a MSL and a RWG (WR-90). An elliptical microstrip antenna is used as an RF energy launcher in RWG which is fabricated on a low-cost lossy FR4 epoxy substrate with a loss tangent of 0.02 and a permittivity of 4.4. An impedance mismatch between the 50 Ω MSL and 500 Ω RWG is a challenging task and it has been achieved by changes in the probe geometry, microstrip line (width and length) and by adjusting the dimensions (height, width, and length) of the waveguide slot cut at the bottom end. The impedance matching results in an improved -10dB return loss (RL) with insertion loss (IL) of 2.1 dB at 10.12 GHz and a relative bandwidth of approximately 27% (9.84 GHz-10.38 GHz). An extremely unidirectional with directivity (9.97 dBi) and high gain microstrip antenna (8.24 dBi) has been utilized for electromagnetic energy launch into the WR-90. Therefore the designed MSL-to-RWG transition is a suitable candidate for X-band applications such as microwave laboratory experiment purposes, front end in transmitter/receiver of Space and Satellite applications, RADAR, amateur radio, as a connector for MMIC/MIC circuits and devices. The transition-measured results are also presented.
Comparative Analysis of Open and Short Defects in embedded SRAM using Parasitic Extraction Method for Deep Submicron Technology.
Authors: Maddela Venkatesham , Sinha Sanjeet Kumar , Parvathi Muddapu , Sharma Vinay
Published: March 2023

The technology advances from the micron level to the Nanometer level. This striking change in the technology with so many factors might influence the embedded device design and its performance. In the fast-growing technology, it is very difficult to find suitable algorithms to test embedded SRAM. It is noticed that while going to deep sub-nano technologies, the existing test methods may not fully satisfy the test results due to the increased number of faults and defects. Scale-down technologies have an impact on the parasitic effects, creating an additional source of faulty behavior, and making the existing test techniques less effective in detecting them. In this paper we propose a new method, taking the parasitic effect into the consideration, which gives the fault information along with its location. In the proposed method we have considered node-to-node open and short defects for different technologies (45nm, 32nm, and 7nm). It is observed that the proposed test method gives 100% fault coverage which is independent of technology variation.
Long noncoding RNA Malat1 inhibits Tead3-Nfatc1–mediated osteoclastogenesis to suppress osteoporosis and bone metastasis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Teng Hongqi , Deng Yalan , Sheldon Marisela , Martinez Consuelo , Zhang Jie , Tian Annie , Sun Yutong , Nakagawa Shinichi , Yao Fan , Wang Hai , Ma Li
Published: March 2023

MALAT1, one of the few highly conserved nuclear long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is abundantly expressed in normal tissues. Previously, targeted inactivation and genetic rescue experiments identified MALAT1 as a suppressor of breast cancer lung metastasis. On the other hand, Malat1-knockout mice are viable and develop normally. On a quest to discover new roles of MALAT1 in physiological and pathological processes, we found that this lncRNA is downregulated during osteoclastogenesis in humans and mice. Notably, Malat1 deficiency in mice promotes osteoporosis and bone metastasis, which can be rescued by genetic add-back of Malat1. Mechanistically, Malat1 binds to Tead3 protein, a macrophage-osteoclast–specific Tead family member, blocking Tead3 from binding and activating Nfatc1, a master regulator of osteoclastogenesis, which results in the inhibition of Nfatc1-mediated gene transcription and osteoclast differentiation. Altogether, these findings identify Malat1 as a lncRNA that suppresses osteoporosis and bone metastasis.
Lightweight Linguistic Algorithm with Key Exchange Method To Protect User Information In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)
Authors: Soni Ashish Kumar , Gupta Rajendra , Khare Ankur
Published: March 2023

Some information is more confidential for every user. The user doesn’t want any type of leakage of private information. The user requirements are the topmost priority of secure communication or information sharing confidentiality with high-tech devices and advanced security systems for protecting non-sharable information to authorized persons. These high-security requirements are open and the development of the best security system for securing user’s data. Nowadays telecommunication fields are advancing rapidly in wireless technology and Mobile Ad hoc Network is the most researched area in wireless technology, and this will be approached in terms of the light weight technology revolution. MANET has one thing of less infrastructure and dynamic behavior of the demanding network strategies which is implemented in provided efficient communication. Encrypted methods and key exchange protocols can be made sure for Man in middle attacks. These Linguistic algorithms with the key exchange method (DH-KELA) are added and work together. The key exchange protocol is working for Man in the middle attack and the Linguistic algorithm performs for information hiding according to the key exchange method with a different pattern. We aim to facilitate double security topology in communication channels before sending confidential user information. It is a piece of more secure and reliable information-hiding concept. This paper is described a Linguistic algorithm with a key exchange method of the Diffie-Hellman (DH), Security Attacks, and security challenges on Mobile Ad-hoc networks.
The Impact of Economic Growth, Population, and Energy Consumption on Environmental Degradation: Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: Golpîra Hêriş , Sadeghi Heibatolah , Magazzino Cosimo
Published: March 2023

This research aims to examine the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for the environmental degradation measured by Carbon dioxide emission with the role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the population in 37 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The research investigates the period from 1960 to 2019 using panel and individual data methodologies. The panel data analysis shows that the inverted N-shaped cubic polynomial model is preferable to the linear and quadratic models. Unlike the GDP, the positive impacts of the parameters fossil fuel use, renewable consumption, and population are affirmed. In the analysis of individual OECD countries, it is found that the pattern of 38% of the countries is consistent with the pattern resulting from the panel data analysis. While the inverted U-shaped EKC pattern is accepted only by 19% of the countries. Almost all countries with high GDP per capita follow inverse patterns (inverted U or inverted N). This pattern is true regarding the consumption of fossil fuels. Almost all the countries with higher renewable energy consumption follow the N-shaped pattern. This is while the countries with lower GDP per capita follow the U- or N-shaped patterns.
The Effect of Static Magnetic Field of Different Strength and Polarity on Cytokine Production of Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Turuntaš Vladimir , de Luka Silvio , Ristić-Djurovic Jasna L. , Ćirković Saša , Djordjevich Drago , Ristić Siniša , Lalović Nenad , Joksimovic Bojan , Marić Veljko , Lazić Bratislav , Vasilijić Saša , Trbovich Alexander M.
Published: March 2023

Static magnetic fields (SMF) have not been the subject of many investigations, in contrast to electromagnetic fields, regarding their potential health consequences. The majority of them focus on acute, high-strength SMF, measured in multiple tesla (T) units, and attempt to explain the negative health effects of exposure to magnetic resonance imaging. For effects of long-term, moderate strength SMF, in the milliTesla (mT) range, especially on immune cells, there are just a few studies. Upward and downward oriented magnetic poles may have various biological consequences in vitro. However, nobody has looked into this yet. Only the pole with the upward orientation was used in all prior studies. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T lymphocytes interact intricately to trigger an immune response. There are no in vitro SMF studies that we are aware of, that used T lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells (DC) as the primary APC. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term exposure of moderate strength SMF of different orientations on in vitro cytokine production in cultures consisting of purified human T lymphocytes and human monocyte-derived DC. Cultures of allogenic purified T lymphocytes and human monocyte-derived DC induced to mature by TLR3 and TLR7 agonist were continuously exposed to 1 mT or 56 mT, the upward and downward oriented pole of SMF. The samples were from healthy donors. Supernatants were assayed to quantify IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 by ELISA. Upward oriented 1 mT and 56 mT SMF significantly increased release of IL-17 (110%; p<0,05) and IFN-γ (40%, p<0,5), respectively, in immature DC culture supernatants. In contrast, upward oriented 1 mT SMF significantly decreased TNF-β production (80%; p<0,05) when we stimulated T cells with immature DC. The IL-4, TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are not affected by upward-oriented SMF. Downward oriented 56 mT SMF significantly increased (45%; p<0,05) TNF-α release when we stimulated T cells with mature DC. The production of other cytokines was unchanged by the downward-oriented SMF. This is the first time in literature that has been shown in vitro different biological effects of the upward and downward oriented static magnetic field. Тhis study helped better understand SMF effects on the immune system, and the selective SMF effect on immune response could have potential therapeutic effects in different immune/allergy disorders.
Development of an in vitro plant regeneration protocol for the spotted duckweed, Landoltia punctata.
Authors: K Satheeshkumar P , Sharma Mrityunjay
Published: March 2023

Landoltia punctata is an aquatic, free-floating angiosperm plant with a very high multiplication rate and numerous commercial uses. In vitro plant regeneration protocols are necessary to exploit these plants as biomanufacturing platforms. It is frequently observed that the protocols established elsewhere are not effective when it was adopted by another group of researchers due to various reasons. In an attempt to develop transgenic plants in L. punctata., the present study developed a successful and reproducible plant regeneration protocol using fronds as explants. Gamborgs’s B% media and MS media were used in the protocol. Callus induction was obtained on Gamborg’s B5 media supplemented with BAP (1 µM), Dicamba (20 µM), and sucrose (2%). For callus growth MS medium with 2, 4-D (30 µM), TDZ (1 µM), and sorbitol (2%) were used. MS medium supplemented with TDZ (15 µM) and the carbon source combination of sorbitol and sucrose (2:1) gave efficient plant regeneration in L. punctata. Half-strength basal MS media was used for rooting and the in vitro regenerated plants were successfully transferred to the maintenance solution (half-strength Hutner’s media) within a span of one week. The established protocol will be used to develop transgenic L. punctata plants expressing recombinant proteins.
Socio-economic Baseline for oil-impacted communities in Ogoniland: Towards a Restoration Framework in Niger Delta, Nigeria.
Authors: Sam Kabari , Zabbey Nenibarini , Vincent-Akpu Ijeoma Favour , Komi Gentle , Onyagbodor Peter Oghogho , Babatunde Bolaji Bernard
Published: March 2023

This study documents the socio-economic baselines in selected oil-impacted communities prior to the commencement of the Ogoni clean-up and restoration project. Adopting mixed approach consisting of semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and household surveys, we surveyed the pre-remediation socio-economic conditions in the Ogoniland communities between July 2018 to March 2019. Results indicated that almost all respondents (99.6%) agreed that the smell of petroleum products or crude oil was evident in the air they breathed even as there were visible black particles (soot) in the respondents’ nostrils, on their clothes and in water. The respondents described the ambient air as smoky, and choked with an offensive smell. The household waters were smelly, brownish, or oily, and most respondents (76%) cannot afford to treat their water. Forty-two percent of the respondents who relied on fishing and farming for a living sought for alternative means of subsistence and acknowledged that oil pollution caused stunted growth and low crop yield. The majority of respondents (91%) reported falling fish catches, while the fish caught smell and taste of oil, lowering their market value and posing a potential health risk to consumers. It is evident that oil pollution has impacted the socio-ecological values and sustainable livelihood in Ogoniland. This study provides a framework for monitoring post-remediation socio-economic improvements in Ogoniland. It also highlights areas of urgent intervention to improve livelihood, and access to basic amenities (e.g., potable drinking water), waste management infrastructure, and statutory policy changes for sustainable development in Ogoniland.
The Acceptability and Feasibility of a Virtual Mantram Program for Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders: Mixed Method results
Authors: Hassan Ahmed N. , Ferkul Sean , Agabani Zena , Minami Osamu , Bormann Jill , Foll Bernard Le , Lobo Leah
Published: March 2023

Background: There is a need for expanded options for therapeutic interventions for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD). The study aimed to examine evidence for the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of a virtual Mantram Repetition Program for adults with PTSD and SUD.
Methods: This project utilized mixed-method design (explanatory sequential design) to collect quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the program in terms of its feasibility and acceptability. The program took place over Webex, an encrypted virtual platform. The group ran over 8 weeks, was 90 minutes in length, and facilitated by two individuals per cohort. Each group had 4-5 participants given each group cycle.
The study used the Mantram Repetition Program which is a brief mindfulness based non-tramua focused group intervention.
Results: Out of 43 participants enrolled, 5 people (11.6%) did not commence the program and 8 (18.6%) participants dropped out after commencing the program, resulting 35 completers (81.4% retention rate). Treatment completion and retention were above 70%. Qualitative data explained several aspect of the program’s acceptability including delivery methods, informative material provided and gaining a practical mindful tool to manage symptoms.
Conclusions: This study showed quantitative and qualitative evidence of the Mantram Repetition Program’s feasibility, acceptability and safety to be used with individuals with PTSD-SUD. Although further evaluation of virtual Mantram Program to control group in longitudinal trials is needed to identify how it compares with other interventions in the field.
Clinical trial registration number: NCT05058963, (28/09/2021).
NSF mediates CDC5L nuclear import to promote cell growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Hongxu , Wang Yixiu , Zhang Li , Xu Weiqi , Wang Longrong , zhu weiping , Zhao Yiming , Zhang Ti , Wang Lu
Published: March 2023

Intracellular transportation (IT) is dysregulated in tumors. Here, we identified N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) as one of the IT-associated genes with upregulated expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, NSF expression is associated with malignant features and poor outcomes of HCC patients. NSF acts as an oncogenic driver that promotes HCC cell viability and metastasis by physically interacting with cell division cycle 5-like protein (CDC5L) and facilitating its nuclear accumulation in a vesicle-independent manner. In the nucleus, CDC5L transcriptionally activates CDK2-associated cullin 1 (CACUL1) expression via occupation of its promoter element. Thus, our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the NSF-induced promotion of HCC progression and suggest potential therapeutic targets in the NSF-CDC5L-CACUL1 axis for HCC therapeutics.
Polyaniline-based 3D Network Structure Promotes Entrapment and Detection of Drug-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Song Younseong , Park Nahyun , Jo Da Ae , Kim Jueun , Yong Dongeun , Song Jayeon , Park Yoo Min , Lee Seok Jae , Kim Yong Tae , Im Sung Gap , Choi Bong Gill , Kang Tae Joon , Lee Kyoung G.
Published: March 2023

Sensitive and accurate capture, enrichment, and identification of drug-resistant bacteria on human skin are important for early-stage diagnosis and treatment of patients. Herein, we constructed a three-dimensional hierarchically structured polyaniline nanoweb (3D HPN) to capture, enrich, and detect drug-resistant bacteria on-site by rubbing infected skins. These unique hierarchical nanostructures enhance bacteria capture efficiency and help severely deform the surface of the bacteria entrapped on them. Therefore, 3D HPN significantly contributes to the effective and reliable recovery of drug-resistant bacteria from the infected skin and the prevention of potential secondary infection. The recovered bacteria were successfully identified by subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis after the lysis process. The molecular analysis results based on a real-time PCR exhibit excellent sensitivity to detecting target bacteria of concentrations ranging from 102 to 107 CFU/mL without any fluorescent signal interruption. To confirm the field applicability of 3D HPN, it was tested with a drug-resistant model consisting of micropig skin similar to human skin and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (KPC-CRE). The results show that the detection sensitivity of this assay is 102 CFU/mL. Therefore, 3D HPN can be extended to on-site pathogen detection systems, along with rapid molecular diagnostics through a simple method, to recover KPC-CRE from the skin.
Identifying the Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Psychological Well-being among the Elderly in India: The Mediating Role of Gender, Marital Status, and Education
Authors: Mishra Bijeta , Pradhan Jalandhar , Dhaka Suman
Published: March 2023

Background
Social isolation and loneliness can be detrimental to the overall functioning of the older adults. The study examines the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the psychological well-being of older adults residing in various old-age homes in India and investigates the mediating role of gender, marital status, and education level in the way social isolation and loneliness affect psychological well-being.
Methods
320 individuals aged sixty years or above participated in the study. Data were collected using standardized measures like Lubben Social Network Scale- 6, revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and shortened version of psychological well-being scale by Ryff & Keyes (1995). Multivariate and mediation analysis were performed to understand the associations of social isolation and loneliness with psychological well-being.
Results
A statistically significant MANOVA effect was obtained for social isolation (F = 3.836, p < .01), and loneliness (F = 3.782, p < .01). Gender and education as independent factors were significantly associated with the psychological well-being of individuals. However, both gender and education did not mediate the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the psychological well-being of older adults. Further, marital status had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social isolation, loneliness, and psychological well-being.
Conclusions
The findings of the study can be incorporated into measures aiming at alleviation of feelings of social isolation and loneliness among the elderly. Further, the findings can be used to design various intervention strategies aimed at the reduction of social isolation and loneliness among older adults and the restoration of their psychological well-being.
Transformation to a patient-centred medical home led and delivered by an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community, and association with engagement and quality-of-care: quantitative findings from a pilot study.
Authors: Mathew Saira , Barzi Federica , Clifford-Motopi Anton , Brown Renee , Ward James , Mills Richard , Lyle Turner , White Antoinette , Eaton Martie , Butler Danielle
Published: March 2023

Background
The patient-centred medical home (PCMH) is a model of primary care that delivers patient-centred care by a team of clinicians that is coordinated, accessible, and focused on quality and safety. In response to substantial population growth and increasing strains on existing primary care services, the Institute for Urban Indigenous Health (IUIH) developed the IUIH System of Care-2 (ISoC2), based on an international Indigenous-led PCMH. ISoC-2 was piloted at an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community-Controlled Health Service in South-East Queensland between 2019–2020, with further adaptations made to ensure its cultural and clinical relevance to local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Little is known on the implementation and impact of PCMH in the Australian Indigenous primary care setting. Changes in implementation process measures and outcomes relating to engagement and quality-of-care are described here.
Methods
De-identified routinely collected data extracted from electronic health records for clients regularly attending the service were examined to assess pre-post implementation changes relevant to the study. Process measures included enrolment in PCMH team-based care, and outcome measures included engagement with the health service, continuity-of-care and clinical outcomes.
Results
The number of regular clients within the health service increased from 1,186 pre implementation to 1,606 post implementation; representing a small decrease as a proportion of the services’ catchment population (38.5 to 37.6%). In clients assigned to a care team (60% by end 2020), care was more evenly distributed between providers, with an increased proportion of services provided by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Worker (16–17% versus 10–11%). Post-implementation, 41% of clients had continuity-of-care with the care team, while total, preventive and chronic disease services were comparable pre- and post-implementation. Screening for absolute cardiovascular disease risk improved, although there were no changes in clinical outcomes.
Conclusions
The increase in the number of regular clients assigned to a team and their even distribution of care among care team members provides empirical evidence that the service is transforming to a PCMH. Despite a complex transformation process compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic, levels of service delivery and quality remained relatively stable, with some improvements in risk factor screening.
Prevalence of Fibromyalgia Syndrome in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis
Authors: Bawazir Yasser Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Background
The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A PRISMA systematic search appraisal and meta-analysis were conducted. A systematic literature search of English publications in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, was conducted up to December 2022. Generic, methodological and statistical data was extracted from the eligible studies. Meta-analysis was done using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. The effect size estimates were calculated using the Fail-Safe N test. The funnel plot, Begg's and Mazumdar's rank correlation tests were employed to find any potential bias. The strength of the association between two variables is assessed using Kendall's tau. A fixed-effects model for the meta-analysis.
Results
The literature search yielded a total of 2479 studies. Eight papers were included in the final analysis with sample size ranging 40 to 1686. All studies were cross-sectional except two, which were retrospective. The total number of the participants recruited in the included articles was 4967 (1794 males and 3173 females); with age ranged between 20 to 79 years. There was high heterogeneity among studies articles (Q = 270.187; p-value 0.001); the tau value was 0.179. The pooled event rates and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in Saudi Arabia in a fixed-effects model was 13.4% (95% CI: 0.124–0.144).
Conclusion
Our results clearly demonstrates that fibromyalgia syndrome is highly prevalent (13.4%) in Saudi Arabia. It also more common among women. The high prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in Saudi Arabia should be seriously considered and planners should take steps to reduce it.
Comparative transcriptome profiling of high and low grain-iron containing Indian barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea L.) genotypes during different stages of grain development
Authors: Padhiyar Shital M. , Kheni Jasminkumar , Bhatt Shraddha B. , Desai Hiral , Tomar Rukam S.
Published: March 2023

In the era of food nutritional security, the development of minerals-rich grains is an essence for fighting malnutrition. In the present study, we tried to identify the transcripts responsible for the higher accumulation of grain-Fe in Indian barnyard millet through transcriptome sequencing of genotype BAR-1433 (high Fe content) and BAR-1423 (low Fe content) during two stages of spike development i.e., spike emergence and milking stage. During the spike emergence stage, a set of 895 up-regulated and 126 down-regulated transcripts were identified between the high and low grain-Fe containing genotype, while during the milking stage, the number of up-regulated and down-regulated transcripts were 436 and 285. The transcripts which were commonly up-regulated during both the stages were having roles in nucleolar protein, metal-nicotianamine transporter, ribonucleoprotein complex, Vinorine synthase, Cellulose synthase, Auxin response factor, embryogenesis abundant protein, Cytochrome c oxidase, and Zinc finger BED domain-containing protein. Transcripts with significant differences in induction or repression between the two genotypes included genes related to ABC Transporter family proteins, Calcium dependent kinase family, Ferritin, Metal ion binding, Iron-sulfurculster binding, Cytochrome family, Zinc finger transcription factor family, Ferredoxin–NADP reductase type 1 family, Putative laccase, Multicopper oxidase family and Terpene synthase family. Six contigs representing their probable function for metal transporter, iron sulfur, metal ion binding, auxin-responsive GH3-like protein 2, and cytochrome P450 71B16 were used for designing primers to be used for validation. The result of qRT-PCR coincided with the result of the transcriptome. Thus, this study reports a repertoire of genes associated with high iron content in barnyard millet and a proof concept for deployment of transcriptome information for validation in mapping population and its use in marker-assisted selection for bio fortification of barnyard millet with iron. This is first report on a detailed transcriptome analysis to identify transcripts associated with high and low grain-iron content during panicle developmental stages in barnyard millet.
Characteristics of Powder Agar Extracted from Different Seaweeds Species and Locations
Authors: Sinurat Ellya , Fransiska Dina , Utomo Bagus Sediadi Bandol , Subaryono Subaryono , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: March 2023

In Indonesia, there are several production centers of agar-producing seaweeds. Research on agar quality has been frequently conducted everywhere, but agar quality test from several locations has never been done simultaneously. The objective of this experiment is to study the quality and characteristics of powder agar extracted from seaweeds harvested from different species and locations in Indonesia i.e., Gracilaria sp from Serang (Banten Province), Brebes (Central Java), and Ujung Genteng (West Java), as well as Gelidium sp from Ujung Genteng (West Java) and Gunung Kidul (Yogyakarta). Agar quality parameters were analyzed based on sensory (score and hedonic test), chemical (moisture, ash, acid insoluble ash, and sulphate content) and physical (viscosity, gel strength and color) parameters; microbiological (TPC, E.coli, moulds and fungi) and heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, and As) contamination. The environmental condition of seaweed growing habitat was also observed, including Dissolved Oxygen (DO), transparency, pH, temperature, salinity, and nutrient content (nitrate, phosphate, ammonia, nitrite, and sulphite). Sensory analysis of powder agars showed that the highest score was achieved by agar extracted from Gracilaria from Ujung Genteng (8.71), and the highest yield was from Gracilaria from Brebes (10.41%). Viscosity and gel strength of agar extracted from Gelidium were higher than that from Gracilaria. The colour of powder agar was closely related to the salinity and water transparency of the seaweed growing habitat. It was concluded that seaweed species and locations affected agar characteristics and quality.
WITHDRAWN: Physical and Mathematical Consistency of the Janus Cosmological Model
Authors: ZEJLI Hasnae , ZEJLI Hicham , PETIT Jean-Pierre , D’Agostini Gilles
Published: March 2023

The Janus Cosmological Model is based on a system of two coupled field equations. It explains the nature of dark matter and dark energy with negative mass and without the runaway paradox that arises in general relativity. We first recall how this system was built, from a simple Newtonian toy model to a relativistic bimetric theory, that is now improved in order to fulfill mathematical constraints and set up on a Lagrangian derivation.