bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEPATITES B E C EM UM MUNICÍPIO DA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO MATO GROSSO
Authors: Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Benevenuto Vitória Carolina Ferreira , Goulart Letícia Silveira , Mattos Magda de , Olinda Ricardo Alves de
Published: June 2023

Viral hepatitis B and C are inflammations of the liver tissue that annually affect thousands of people in the world and are considered global public health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced measures to avoid contamination that have delayed the diagnosis of other infections, including hepatitis. The aim of this study was to analyze the reported cases of hepatitis B and C in Rondonópolis (MT) during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a documentary, descriptive and retrospective field research, with a quantitative approach, covering the data collected regarding hepatitis B and C in Rondonópolis (MT) from March 2020 to March 2022. The data were collected in the Specialized Care, and the statistical analyses were performed using the Software R, the chi-square test and Kendall's correlation (p-value<0.05). This research has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rondonópolis. A total of 59 notifications were analyzed, 49.15% for hepatitis B and 50.85% for hepatitis C. The greatest number of cases was registered in 2021, with the highest prevalence of cases in the male gender, adults, brown, residing in urban areas, non-pregnant women, without associated aggravation, mechanical source of infection person/person, chronic clinical form/asymptomatic carrier, by laboratory confirmation and complete vaccination schedule. It is concluded that there was a low notification of cases during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health services should plan actions for health promotion, disease prevention and early diagnosis of hepatitis, including this public
Remote Monitoring of the QT Interval During Polychemotherapy
Authors: Fashafsha Z. Z.A. , Chomakhidze P. Sh. , Mesitskaya D. F. , Novikova A. I. , Potemkina N. A. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Tyukanova E. S. , Fatyanova A. S. , Agakina Yu. S. , Sekacheva M. I. , Poddubskaya E. V. , Kopylov Ph. Yu.
Published: June 2023

Aim      To evaluate the incidence of prolonged corrected QT interval (QTc) by remote single-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in primary oncological patients with elective polychemotherapy (PCT).

Material and methods  This study included 49 oncological patients with elective PCT. A single-channel portable CardioQVARK electrocardiograph was used to record single-channel, one-lead ECG between the first and second courses of PCT.

Results Analysis of QTc interval detected a prolonged QTc interval >500 msec in 8.2 % of cases, prolonged QTc >480 msec in 18.3 % f cases, and prolonged QTc interval >60 msec compared to baseline in 12.2 % of cases.

Conclusion      Remote recording of single-channel ECG using a portable electrocardiograph is an effective method for recording and detecting various forms of heart rhythm disorders.
Water Quality Analysis for Agriculture: A Case Study of Nong Khon Saen Community Area, Udon Thani, Thailand
Authors:   the Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, Thailand, Wangka-orm C. , Phitaktim S. , Wisetsri S. , Bootwong A. , Khunphonoi R. , Wongaree M.
Published: June 2023

This work aims to assess the water quality in the Nong Khon Saen community area in Udon Thani for agriculture purposes and its suitability for direct use in water consumption. The sample was collected annually from January to March during the period 2019–2022. The work was undertaken to investigate two different water resources (Huai Luang River and Nong Khon Saen reservoir) for the parameters of pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The results showed that all parameters of Huai Luang River were within the acceptable limits of Type 3 surface water quality standards from the Pollution Control Department (PCD), Thailand. The average pH was 6.59±0.18 (Std. pH 5–9), temperature was 27±0.01 ℃ (Std. Natural), EC was 679±12.11 μS/cm (Std. None), DO was 5.39±0.63 mg/l (Std. > 4.0 mg/L), and BOD was 1.71±0.70 mg/L (BOD Std. < 2.0 mg/l). The acceptable water quality parameters were caused by general flushing of rainfall, river water flow, and runoff from agricultural fields. Moreover, the water quality of the Nong Khon Saen reservoir showed a higher BOD concentration (2.61±0.54 mg/L) beyond acceptable limits. The high concentration of BOD was caused by the water plants and the decomposition of animals in the surface water area. For other parameters, the average pH (7.11±0.42), Temperature (28±0.01 ℃), EC (689.58±24.18 μS/cm) and DO (8.39±1.13 mg/L) were shown within acceptable limits. Therefore, the water quality is a requirement concerned with agricultural activities that are dependent on water resources.
Improving Calculus Learning Outcomes Using Structured Assignment Methods–Based Modules
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Andiani  , Ibrahim Nurdin , Rusmono
Published: June 2023

From observations in the last three years, the average score of informatics engineering students at Universitas Pancasila in Mathematics is 70% below 50. The above analysis requires research to develop a learning model using structured assignment method–based modules to improve calculus learning outcomes. The modules are equipped with an understanding containing examples of questions and their solutions with sequential stages and structured assignments as practice questions that must be submitted before the subsequent lesson begins. They are also equipped with pretests and posttests. Learning Management System (LMS) and Information and Communications Technology (ICT)–based support this blended learning. The research method uses the research and development (RandD) method with its implementation combining two learning development models, namely, the Borg and Gall and Dick and Carey models. The effectiveness of the product was tested by four experts to determine the validity of the test. The application of the calculus learning model employing structured assignment method–based modules is effective for improving calculus learning outcomes. The results of the product effectiveness test revealed an increase of 20.33 points, with an increase in the average score after using the module of 87.67, with the number of students declared complete by 96% compared to the average score before of 67.34, with the number of students declared complete by 70%. The improvement in the calculus learning outcomes appears significant. Therefore, this model can be used for offline and online learning.
HOTS-Oriented e-Project-Based Learning: Improving 4C Skills and Science Learning Outcome of Elementary School Students
Authors:   Ganesha University of Education, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia, Rati Ni Wayan , Arnyana Ida Bagus Putu , Dantes Gede Rasben , Dantes Nyoman
Published: June 2023

Overcoming elementary students learning loss during the pandemic Covid-19 through implementing an online project-based learning model has been taken into account. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the high-order thinking skills oriented online project-based learning (HOTS-oriented E-PjBL) tools for improving 4C skills and science learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary students. A quasi-experimental design with a post-test control group design was implemented. The samples were 301 pupils consisting of 149 experimental class students and 152 in the control group. The learning outcome data were collected through an essay-type test. The observation sheet was used to measure 4C’s skills. The data were analyzed by using the inferential statistical analysis of MANOVA. The results showed an effect of the HOTS-oriented E-PjBL tools on improving 4C skills and science learning outcomes simultaneously and partially. Another finding was that the HOTS-oriented E-PjBL tools affected 21st-century skills more than the science learning outcomes. Thus, HOTS-oriented E-PjBL is recommended to improve students’ 4C skills and science learning outcomes in elementary schools.
Application of Hyaluronic Acid for Treatment of Interdental Papillary Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Makdisi Jowel , Akbari Solmaz , Zayeri Farid , AslRoosta Hoori , Yaghobee Siamak
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The focused question of this systematic review was “does hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in areas of interdental papillary deficiency reduce black triangles?”
Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to find clinical studies on human patients with a minimum of 6-month follow-up, published in English from 2005 to May 2020. There were two outcome variables: black triangle area (BTA) change after treatment at different measurement time points compared with baseline, and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), when available.
Results: Of eight eligible articles (2 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 6 non-randomized, non-placebo controlled clinical studies), seven reported that HA injections had a positive impact on reduction of BTA and subsequent papillary augmentation. Six studies were included in meta-analysis and showed that the intervention led to a pooled reduction percentage of 57.7% in BTA after 6 months. Although there were clinical diversities between the studies, all the studies applied the same concentration of HA (approximately 2%), 2-3 mm apical to the papilla tip in several intervals. Some degrees of relapse were reported in some studies.
Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed that HA injection can serve as an efficient minimally-invasive treatment for small interdental papillary deficiencies. It is essential to conduct further randomized clinical studies with prolonged follow-ups in order to support this conclusion.
Comparison of Two Different Intervals of Misoprostol Administration in Second Trimester Abortions
Authors: Gupta Anjali , Gautam Sarika , Chanana Shelly , Sangwan Neetu , Singhal Savita Rani , Anand Smriti , Dahiya Sonia
Published: June 2023

Objective: Comparison of two different intervals of misoprostol administration after mifepristone in second trimester abortions.
Materials and methods: This 12-month prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care facility. Only pregnancies with congenital deformity or sterilisation failure were included in the study's recruitment of 100 women who visited the hospital for a second trimester abortion between 12 and 20 weeks; cases with scarred uteri were omitted. In a systematic random selection of 50 women in each group, the administration of 200 mg of mifepristone orally was followed by two distinct intervals of intravaginal misoprostol administration at 24- and 48-hour intervals. After 24 hours, group A women received intravaginal 400 mcg misoprostol three hourly, up to a maximum of five doses, while group B received the same doses after 48 hours. Induction abortion interval noted on various parameters and paired t test and chi square test applied.
Results: The mean IAI following misoprostol administration was 8.14 2±.03 hours in group A and 7.71 ±2.56 hours in group B. This difference was statistically insignificant. Average misoprostol doses for group A were 1.68±0.71 and for the group, B were 1.68±0.84; both doses were found to be statistically insignificant when used to induce abortion. All women aborted successfully in each group. There was no significant difference in side effects in both groups.
Conclusion: Based on the results it was observed that shorter interval between mifepristone and misoprostol i.e., 24 hours can be chosen to decrease the hospital stay as there was no significant difference was seen after intravaginal misoprostol in terms of  induction abortion interval, number of doses and side effects.
The Impact of Maternal Position in Labor on Occiput-posterior Position of Fetus and Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women Without Epidural Analgesia
Authors: Bahmaei Hadis , Mousavi Parvaneh , Haghighizadeh Mohammad Hosein , Iravani Mina
Published: June 2023

Objective: Fetal occiput posterior (OP) position is associated with more maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal position during labor on fetal OP position and pregnancy outcomes.
Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial study included 180 primigravida women in labor with a single fetus and approved OP position. Participants were randomly allocated into three groups: semi-prone position (n=45), knee-chest position (n=45), and supine position (n=90). All participants were placed in the defined positions 15-30 min in labor until delivery. Data collected using Visual Analogue Scale and researcher made checklist. The ANOVA, Tukey post hoc, and the chi-square test were used to analyze.
Results: Among all participants who had OP, after intervention 16.3% in the semi-prone position, 14/3 % in the knee-chest position, and 33.7% of the control groups remained with OP at birth (X3=7/87, P=0.019). The rate of natural delivery was significantly higher in the semi-prone position and knee-chest position. The duration of active phase of labor and low back pain were significantly reduced in the semi-prone and knee-chest position compared to the control groups (P<0.05). There were no differences in the duration of the third stage of labor, APGAR score, and the rate of neonatal addition to neonatal intensive care unit, using oxytocin, and perineal tears (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The semi-prone and knee-chest positions increase the spontaneous rotation of occiput to the anterior position, vaginal delivery rates as well as a reduction in duration of active phase of labor and low back pain after delivery.
Effect of Insulin Therapy on Traumatic Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Harorani Mehdi , Masmouei Behnam , Zarei Ali , Jahangiri Fereidoun , Bazrafshan Mohammad Rafi , Karimi Zahra , Akbari Mehran
Published: June 2023

Background: Trauma is one of the most important causes of death in. Therefore, proper management and treatment of these patients can be very beneficial. Therefore, the aim of this literature was to investigate the extent, scope and nature of researches on the effect of insulin therapy on the treatment efficacy of traumatic patients.Methods: This study is a scoping review of research that was conducted by searching in Scopus, PubMed, Embase and ScienceDirect databases with keywords related to insulin therapy and trauma. In this study, all reports with human and animals as well as cohort and clinical trial studies were reviewed.Results: Of the 4365 studies, 73 studies met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated, most studies examining the effect of insulin on traumatic brain injury and immune system and the fewest were in trunk trauma patients, especially chest trauma. The findings of this study showed the effect of insulin therapy on decreasing levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α thus decreasing the inflammatory response in trauma patients. Insulin therapy can reduce the risk of infection in patients with trauma and burns thereby reducing the number of days spent in intensive care units and dependence on ventilation. Conclusion: Insulin therapy can be useful in treating trauma patients but increases the rate of hypoglycemic episodes that require careful monitoring of patients’ blood glucose which can have a negative impact on treatment outcomes.
Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Prediction of the Cellular Nature of Breast Mass
Authors: Raisolsadat Mohammad Ali , Mirsadeghi Ali , Hooshmand Behrouz , Mirzaeian Arezou , Ghamari Mohammad Javad , Zandbaf Tooraj
Published: June 2023

Background: Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women, has a significant challenge in the early diagnosis of medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in differentiating benign and malignant breast masses by an economical and straightforward test of Complete Blood Count (CBC).
Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional that was performed on 75 patients with breast masse (40 had benign breast mass and 35 had malignant mass). Data was obtained from the patient’s hospital sheets with health ministry ethics permission. This information was demographic data including CBC, CBC diff, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, BMI, and pathologic results of biopsies. Data were analyzed by chi-square, Mann-Whitney, fisher’s exact tests, t-test, and ROC maps in SPSS version 16 software.

Results: The diagnostic power of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of malignant tumor or benign according to the cut-off point was 1.74, and significant. Sensitivity and specificity were 85.71 and 45%, respectively, and their positive and negative predictive value was also found to be 57.76 and 78.26%, respectively, and the overall accuracy of the test was 64%.Conclusion: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has high sensitivity and low specificity that can help identify positive malignant breast masses. Due to the low specificity, the negative results, however, cannot detect the nature of breast masses with high precision. Therefore, this test is considered a preliminary method that is complementary to other more explicit tests used for the identification of malignant breast masses.
Social Media Application in Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic; Pros and Cons: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shamsabadi Ahmadreza , Pashaei Ava , Rahmani Nahid , Mahmoodabadi Arezoo Dehghani , Norouzi Solmaz , Bahador Fateme , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Dadras Omid , Qaderi Kowsar , Mehraeen Esmaeil
Published: June 2023

Background: In addition to morbidity and mortality, the COVID-19 pandemic affected various fields such as medical and academic education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of social media used in medical and academic education and identify their advantages and disadvantages.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to identify published studies related to the effects of social media on medical and academic education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The retrieved records were screened in a two-step process; first by title/abstract and then by full text by two independent researchers and the most relevant studies were selected applying the eligibility criteria.
Results: Facebook, YouTube, Zoom, WhatsApp, Moodle, and Skype were the most used platforms. The main purpose of using these applications was to provide distance education to students in the pandemic era. The advantages of using online platforms outweighed the disadvantages. Advantages include the availability of information at any time and place, maintaining communication between students and classmates and instructors, and the possibility of presenting conferences and assignments. Disadvantages comprised infrastructure and internet problems.
Conclusion: Social media and messengers have a great potential to meet educational purposes in the epidemic era. Although online platforms can serve as an efficient public repository of learning resources, achieving this needs some prerequisite and infrastructural tasks.
The Attitude of Iranian Students Toward Patients with Mental Illnesses in Different College Majors
Authors: Kabiri Ali , Rafati Ali , Boroon Mahsa , Hadi Fatemeh , Norouzi Shahin , Shalbafan Mohammadreza
Published: June 2023

Background: This study was conducted to understand and compare the Iranian students’ attitudes toward patients with mental illnesses in different college majors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, information about students’ attitudes toward patients with mental illnesses was gathered through “The social distancing” and “The dangerousness” questionnaires.
Results: A total of 243 Iranian students in four different college majors: medicine, art, law, and engineering, participated in the study. The “social distance scale” was significantly different between the college majors (p=0.03), as the art students had the least stigmatizing attitude. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the “dangerousness scale” between different college majors (p=0.93).
Conclusion: Understanding the attitude of students toward patients with mental illnesses and their differences is vital to perform proper interventions on stigmatizing behaviors for students as future specialists. Also, the underlying reasons for having a less stigmatizing attitude in certain groups should be recognized and employed to reduce stigmatizing attitudes in other groups
Quality of Life in Remitted Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Masoomi Maryam , Shadloo Behrang , Amini Homayoun
Published: June 2023

Background: Assessment of the Quality of Life (QOL) is increasingly performed as an efficient method to assess the quality of care provided for patients with schizophrenia. Also, the QOL assessment performed by patients themselves is more affected by the symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, a mental health professional evaluation may provide more objective information. This study was undertaken to objectively assess QOL in a group of remitted patients with schizophrenia in Iran by using Quality of Life Scale (QLS).
Methods:  This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 85 remitted patients with schizophrenia consecutively referred to Roozbeh Hospital. The mean age of the participants was 37.81±9.92 years, 54 (63.53%) were male, 16 (18.8%) were married, and 19 (22.4%) were employed. The Quality of Life Scale (QLS) was used to collect data through face-to-face interviews.
Results: The total score of QLS for patients is 2.95±0.93. Among subscales, the interpersonal relations scores (2.44±1.10) and intrapsychic foundations scores (2.90±1.07) were lower than the other domains scores. The QLS score was higher in patients with an associate degree or higher level of education (p-value<0.01) and those living with family members (p-value<0.01). The overall employment rate was low among the patients. There was no significant relationship between current doses of various medications and any QLS domain scores; however, a significant inverse relationship was between the current doses of first- and second-generation antipsychotics and the instrumental role domain score.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the scores of different domains of QLS were low in the remitted patients with schizophrenia. The impact of different antipsychotic treatments and their side effects on the QOL should be addressed in future studies.
Investigating and Ranking of Barriers Affecting Development of Pharmaceutical Industry Exports in Iran: AHP Method
Authors: Radmanesh Ramin , Naeini Negar Habibi
Published: June 2023

Background: The study aimed to investigate and rank the barriers affecting the development of pharmaceutical industry exports in Iran's AHP method.
Methods: The research applied and descriptive method, a field documentary. The study's statistical population was all pharmaceutical organizations that operate in the direction of export to other countries; the study's statistical population consisted of business managers and professors working in the field of export and marketing managers of exporting pharmaceutical companies. The method of data collection was using a questionnaire. The data analysis method was a hierarchical analysis method using a decision tree.
Results: Evaluation of the results obtained for the barrier of workforce and knowledge of indicators of access to specialized and skilled labor in the field of drug production, skills and technical knowledge in the company in innovative design and development of new products, existing knowledge infrastructure for clinical trial studies In the country of origin, access to a specialized and skilled workforce in the field of drug export, the number of academic and research centers in the field of medicine, the relationship of academic and research centers in the field of medicine with industry and access to cheap labor and the necessary knowledge in compiling and collecting documents Necessary for export to target countries were approved.
Conclusion: For many firms, the most important external factors that prevent barriers to entering international markets include tariff and non-tariff barriers, foreign exchange rates, fluctuations, competition in foreign markets, government policies, foreign trade practices, and different product and consumption standards. [18] Similarly, operational barriers include the terms of receipt and payment from foreign buyers, establishing transport arrangements, customs clearance, representation, and managing international distribution channels through international markets.
GREEN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF ZnO/TiO2 NANOCOMPOSITE FROM Carica papaya LEAVES
Authors: Salsabilla Safira , Maharani Dina Kartika
Published: June 2023

This study aims to synthesize a ZnO/TiO2 (ZT) nanocomposite from Carica papaya leaf extract and evaluate its photocatalytic activity. The ZT nanocomposite was prepared using the sol-gel method with ZnO/TiO2 4-gram (ZT4) concentration variations and ZnO/TiO2 6-gram (ZT6). Methylene Blue (MB) was used as a model dye to test its photocatalytic properties. The trend for most activity is shown by ZT4 UV light 40 mg and ZT6 UV light (60 mg), which is 87%. Characterization of ZnO/TiO2 (ZT) nanocomposite using FTIR and XRD The ZT4 nanocomposite had an average crystallite size of approximately 12 nm and crystallinity percentage of 92%, whereas the ZT6 nanocomposite had an average crystallite size of approximately 6 nm and crystallinity percentage of 97%. FTIR resulted in some group C=C stretching alkene, C-H stretching vibrations of an aromatic aldehyde, and O-H stretching of alcohols and Zn-Ti-O in the fingerprint region 393.48 cm-1 to 987.55 cm-1 for ZT4 and in the fingerprint region 401.19 cm-1 to 864.11 cm-1 for ZT6.
ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS FROM Curcuma aeruginosa
Authors: Nuzula Alsya Firdausi , Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Aminah Nanik Siti , Takaya Yoshiaki , Sahadatin Marisa Nur , Wardana Andika Pramudya
Published: June 2023

Black turmeric (Curcuma aeruginosa) is Indonesian medicinal plant belonging to the Zingeberaceae family, mostly found on Java. This study aimed to determine the new molecular structures of the compounds isolated from black turmeric originating from Indonesia. Isolation of the secondary metabolite compounds was initiated by solid-liquid extraction using the maceration method with ethanol solvent, followed by liquid-liquid extraction using the partition method with n-hexane and dichloromethane as solvents. Separation and purification were carried out using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and gravity column chromatography (GCC). The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods, including UV-Vis, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. The isolation resulted in three sesquiterpenoid compounds, (E)-7-isopropyl-4,10-dimethylcyclodec-10-ene-5,8-dione (curdione), (1R,10R)-Epoxy-(-)-1,10-dihydrocurdione, and zedoalactone B, together with two common terpenes, ethyl tetradecanoate and 1-hexadecene.
Crystalline phase-dependent cations migration in core-shell lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Qin Chang-Yun , Gao Jia-Hui , Xie Xian-Bin , Zhai Chun-Peng , Li Hui-Qiao , Ma Ying
Published: June 2023

Core-shell structures are widely used to modulate upconversion emission or mitigate surface quenching and cross-relaxation in lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to meet the requirements of various applications. Interfacial cation migration has been found recently to deteriorate the core-shell structures and thus affect their upconversion luminescence when they are subjected to annealing post-treatment. Herein, we demonstrate that the interfacial cation migration largely depends on the crystalline phase of the host lattice. Significant Er3+/Y3+(Yb3+) diffusion and migration occur across the core-shell interface when cubic NaREF4 (RE = Y, Yb, Er) core-shell or core-shell-shell UCNPs are annealed at 200 °C in the solid state, while the cation migration in hexagonal counterparts is negligible and the core-shell (core-shell-shell) structure can be well maintained in the same condition. The loosely packed atoms and large cubic void surrounded by eight F- ions in cubic NaREF4 lattice may facilitate cations diffusion and migration, enabling interfacial cations migration at relatively lower temperature. This finding may help us better understand temperature-dependent upconversion luminescent properties of core-shell UCNPs and better utilize various core-shell structured UCNPs according to different requirements of applications.
Enter by the Narrow Gate, for Getting New Perspective to Bring Modern Technology Into Order
Authors: Awaya Kayoko
Published: June 2023

One of the main causes of issues about the today’s situation of technology comes from a big mismatch between the new technology based on quantum mechanics (laws in the micro world) and the old perspective (mechanistic viewpoint in the macro world) for more than a half century. I explain this circumstance and show how to settle this problem by solving the so-called measurement problem of quantum mechanics. These give us a new perspective which unify the laws of macro and micro worlds and bring the current technology into order. To go this way would be to enter by the narrow gate.
Logic-Based Modeling and Drug Repurposing for the Prediction of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Combination Regimens against E2F1-Driven Melanoma Progression
Authors: Singh Nivedita , Khan Faiz M. , Bala Lakshmi , Vera Julio , Wolkenhauer Olaf , Pützer Brigitte , Logotheti Stella , Gupta Shailendra K.
Published: June 2023

Skin melanoma presents increasing prevalence and poor outcomes. Progression to aggressive stages is characterized by overexpression of the transcription factor E2F1 and activation of downstream prometastatic gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Appropriate therapeutic manipulation of the E2F1-governed GRNs holds the potential to prevent metastasis however, these networks entail complex feedback and feedforward regulatory motifs among various regulatory layers, which make it difficult to identify druggable components. To this end, computational approaches such as mathematical modeling and virtual screening are important tools to unveil the dynamics of these signaling networks and identify critical components that could be further explored as therapeutic targets. Herein, we integrated a well-established E2F1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) map with transcriptomics data from E2F1-expressing melanoma cells to reconstruct a core regulatory network underlying aggressive melanoma. Using logic-based in silico perturbation experiments of a core regulatory network, we identified that simultaneous perturbation of Protein kinase B (AKT1) and oncoprotein murine double minute 2 (MDM2) drastically reduces EMT in melanoma. Using the structures of the two protein signatures, virtual screening strategies were performed with the FDA-approved drug library. Thus, by combining drug repurposing and computer-aided drug design techniques, followed by molecular dynamics simulation analysis identified two potent drugs (Cialis and Finasteride) that can efficiently inhibit AKT1 and MDM2 protein signatures respectively, and with better therapeutic properties. We proposed that these two drugs could be considered for the development of therapeutic strategies for the management of aggressive melanoma.
Energy-Based Response Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Steel Damper Columns under Pulse-Like Ground Motions
Authors: Fujii Kenji
Published: June 2023

The response of structures under pulse-like ground motions is characterized by the large amount of energy input in a few cycles. Consequently, structures with insufficient strength may suffer severe damage owing to excessive deformation. In a previous paper, the energy-based prediction procedure for the peak and cumulative response of a reinforced concrete (RC) frame building with steel damper columns was proposed (Fujii and Shioda, 2023). Although this procedure was verified by comparison to the nonlinear time-history analysis (NTHA) results, the performance of the proposed procedure with pulse-like ground motion records has not been verified yet. In this study, the accuracy of the energy-based prediction procedure for an RC frame building with steel damper columns was investigated by considering pulse-like ground motions. The numerical analysis results reveal that the accuracy of the predicted peak response is satisfactory, which agrees with the results of the author’s previous study. However, the accuracy of the predicted total input energy to the building model depends on the ratio of the pulse period of the ground motion to the effective fundamental period of the building model. The reasons for this underestimation of the total input energy are discussed in this paper.
Nucleon-Pair Shell Model with Symmetry Broken Basis
Authors: He Bingcheng , Zhang Siyao , Li Lei , Luo Yanan , Zhang Yu , Pan Feng , Draayer Jerry
Published: June 2023

The nucleon-pair shell model (NPSM) with broken symmetry basis is studied. The results demonstrate the validity of NPSM with symmetry broken basis, which leads to a significant reduction in the dimensionality of the multi-pair configuration space. We have observed that the axial-deformed basis provides a satisfactory description of the low-lying spectrum, even without the need for the projection procedure. In the case of the triaxial-deformed basis, we have investigated the variation after angular momentum projection, indicating the potential for NPSM to find exact solutions in the half-closed system.
IgM Associated Cryoglobulinaemia
Authors: Khwaja Jahanzaib , Salter Simon J , D’Sa Shirley
Published: June 2023

Cryoglobulinaemia is characterised by immunoglobulins which precipitate at temperatures be-low 37°C and redissolve on warming. Monoclonal IgM immunoglobulin may be associated with type I and II cryoglobulinaemia with underlying Waldenström macroglobulinemia, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or other non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We review the clinical characteristics, laboratory testing and suggest a management approach for monoclonal IgM associated cryoglobulinaemia. Laboratory testing is critical as even a minimal amount of measurable cryoglobulin may result in symptoms. Accurate detection of cryoglobulins may be challenging and care must be taken with preanalytical variables and repeat testing of monoclo-nal protein and cryoglobulins is indicated if clinical suspicion is high. Presentations range from asymptomatic disease to multisystem involvement so careful evaluation of the features and thorough interrogation of organ systems and the underlying clone is critical. Immediate man-agement is required for clinical red flag features. Due to their rarity, data to inform treatment decisions are scant and collaborative research is imperative to aid defining optimal treatment strategies.
Characterizing Low-Energy Charged Particles in the Magnetosphere with the LEM CubeSat Spectrometer Project: Detector Concept and Hardware Characterisation
Authors: Nicolaidis Riccardo , Nozzoli Francesco , Pepponi Giancarlo , Bellutti Pierluigi , Demenev Evgeny , Follega Francesco Maria , Iuppa Roberto , Vilona Veronica
Published: June 2023

An accurate flux measurement of low-energy charged particles trapped in the magnetosphere is necessary for space weather characterization and to study the coupling between the lithosphere and magnetosphere, which allows for the investigation of the correlations between seismic events and particle precipitation from Van Allen belts. In this work, the project of a CubeSat space spectrometer, the Low-Energy Module (LEM), is shown. The detector will be able to perform an event-based measurement of the energy, arrival direction, and composition of low-energy charged particles down to 0.1 MeV. Moreover, thanks to a CdZnTe mini-calorimeter, the LEM spectrometer also allows for photon detection in the sub-MeV range, joining the quest for the investigation of the nature of Gamma-ray bursts. The particle identification of the LEM relies on the ΔE−E technique performed by thin silicon detectors. This multipurpose spectrometer will fit within a 10 × 10 × 10 cm3 CubeSat frame, and it will be constructed as a joint project between the University of Trento, FBK, and INFN-TIFPA. To fulfil the size and mass requirements, an innovative approach, based on active particle collimation, was designed for the LEM; this avoids the heavy/bulky passive collimators of previous space detectors. In this paper, we will present the LEM geometry, its detection concept, the results from the developed GEANT4 simulation, and some characterisations of a candidate silicon detector for the instrument payload.
Livestock Disease Data Management for E-Surveillance and
Disease Mapping Using Cluster Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Kemal , Sharma Durga Prasad , Worku Hussein Seid , Tahir Amir Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

This study investigates how Electronic Livestock Health Recording Systems (ELHRs)
facilitates the detection of disease burden and make cluster analysis by applying data
analytics tools and techniques. A sample size of 18333 livestock disease cases reported from
2007-2015 by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Federal Democratic of Ethiopia was used for
data collection. The results showed that ELHRs are important as livestock disease data
preservers, saving costs, and facilitating the extraction of up-to-date and complete
information. Euclidean and Manhattan distance performed well at 98%, while cosine distance
measurement metrics performed poorly. Finally, with the application of the selected
clustering techniques, metrics, tools, and dataset, it has been attempted to successfully detect
an optimal number of disease clusters and meet the objectives of the study.
Unsupervised Low-Light Image Enhancement via Virtual Diffraction Information in Frequency Domain
Authors: Zhang Xupei , Wang Guanghao , Qin Hanlin , Yu Yue , Yan Xiang , Yang Shanglin
Published: June 2023

With the advent of deep learning, significant progress has been made in low-light image enhancement methods. However, deep learning requires enormous paired training data, which is challenging to capture in real-world scenarios.To address this limitation, this paper presents a novel unsupervised low-light image enhancement method, which first introduces the frequency domain features of images in low-light image enhancement tasks. Our work is inspired by imagining a digital image as a spatially varying metaphoric “field of light”, then subjecting the influence of physical processes such as diffraction and coherent detection back onto the original image space via a frequency-domain to spatial-domain transformation (inverse Fourier transform). However, the mathematical model created by this physical process still requires complex manual tuning of the parameters for different scene conditions to achieve the best adjustment. Therefore, we proposed a dual-branch convolution network to estimate pixel-wise and high-order spatial interactions for dynamic range adjustment of the frequency feature of the given low-light image. Guided by the frequency feature from the “field of light” and parameter estimation networks, our method enables dynamic enhancement of low-light images. Extensive experiments have shown that our method performs well compared to state-of-the-art unsupervised, and its performance approximates the level of the state-of-the-art supervised methods qualitatively and quantitatively. At the same time, the light network structure design allows the proposed method to have an extremely fast inference speed(nearly 150 FPS on an NVIDIA 3090 Ti GPU for an image of size 600×400×3 ). Furthermore, the potential benefits of our method to object detection in the dark are discussed.
The Cornell COVID-19 Testing Laboratory: A Model to High-Capacity Testing Hubs for Infectious Disease Emergency Response and Preparedness
Authors: Laverack Melissa , Tallmadge Rebecca , Venugopalan Roopa , Sheehan Daniel , Ross Scott , Rustamov Rahim , Potter Kim S , Elvinger Francois , Warnick Lorin D. , Koretzky Gary A. , Frederici Casey , Lawlis Rob , Plocharczyk Elizabeth , Diel Diego G
Published: June 2023

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic posed major challenges to local, regional, and global economies and health systems, and fast clinical diagnostic workflows were urgently needed to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we describe the platform and workflow established at the Cornell COVID-19 Testing Laboratory (CCTL) for high-throughput testing of clinical samples from the university and the surrounding community. This workflow enabled efficient and rapid detection, and successful control of SARS-CoV-2 infection on campus and its surrounding communities. Our cost-effective and fully automated workflow enabled testing of over 8,000 pooled samples per day and provided results for over 2 million samples. Automation of time- and effort-intensive sample processing steps such as accessioning and pooling increased laboratory efficiency. Customized software applications were developed to track and store samples, deconvolute positive pools, track and report results and for workflow integration from sample receipt to result reporting. Additionally, quality control dashboards and turn-around time tracking applications were built to monitor assay and laboratory performance. As infectious disease outbreaks pose a constant threat to both human and animal health, the highly effective workflow implemented at CCTL could be modeled to establish regional high-capacity testing hubs for infectious disease preparedness and emergency response.
Daughter Coloured Noises: The Legacy of Their Mother White Noises Drawn From Different Probability Distributions
Authors: Bakalis Evangelos , Lugli Francesca , Zerbetto Francesco
Published: June 2023

White noise is fundamentally linked to many processes, it has a flat power spectral density and a delta-correlated autocorrelation. Operators acting on white noise can result in coloured noise, whether they operate in the time domain, like fractional calculus, or in the frequency domain, like spectral processing.
We investigate whether any of the white noise properties remain in the coloured noises produced
by the action of an operator. For a coloured noise, which drives a physical system, we provide evidence to pinpoint the mother process from which it came. We demonstrate the existence of two indices, that is,
kurtosis and codifference, whose values can categorise coloured noises according to their mother process. Four different mother processes are used in this study: Gaussian, Laplace, Cauchy, and Uniform white noise distributions. The mother process determines the kurtosis value of the coloured noises that are produced. It maintains its value for Gaussian, never converges for Cauchy, and takes values for Laplace and Uniform that are within a range of its white noise value. In addition, the codifference function maintains its value for zero lag-time essentially constant around the value of the corresponding white noise.
Investigation of Parallel and Orthogonal MIMO Antennas with 2-Notched Structure for UWB Application
Authors: Wang Liang , Li Ziwei , Zheng Hongxing
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the interference of narrowband in the ultra-wideband (UWB) system, a high isolation of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is investigated in this paper. The MIMO antenna consists of 2 or 4 UWB elements; and each UWB antenna element is a monopole reconstructed with 2-notched slots, a U-shaped and inverted U-shaped slots etched on the monopole patch to achieve notch characteristics in WIMAX and ITU bands. The property of a 2-element MIMO antenna is analyzed firstly, which is put into a same substrate in parallel. Two rectangular branches are located in the middle to reduce the coupling. Then a 4-element MIMO antenna is studied to meet big size space and more application scenarios. Each element is placed orthogonally on the same substrate; and the isolation is implemented by a cross-shaped branch located in the middle of elements. Both MIMO antenna samples have been tested to verify the design. Measured results show that the working bandwidth is 2.45-14.88 GHz and 2.14-14.95 GHz, the isolation is greater than 17 dB and 20 dB, the peak gain is 5.7 dB and 5.9 dB, the max-imum radiation efficiency can reach 96% and 95%, the envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.02 and 0.05 for the 2- and 4-element UWB MIMO antenna, respectively. They both are with very good omnidirectional characteristic with notched bands such as the WIMAX and ITU, and meet the requirements of the UWB application in most cases.
Looking for the Ideal Probiotic Healing Regime
Authors: Menni Alexandra , Moysidis Moysis , Tzikos Georgios , Stavrou George , Tsetis Joulia K , Shrewsbury Anne D , Filidou Eirini , Kotzampassi Katerina
Published: June 2023

Wound healing is a multi-factorial response to tissue injury, aiming to restore tissue continuity. Numerous recent experimental and some clinical studies, clearly indicate that probiotics applied topically promote the wound healing process. However, the precise mechanism by which they contribute to healing is not yet clear. Each strain appears to exert a distinctive, even multi-factorial action on different phases of the healing process. Given that a multi-probiotic formula exerts better results than a single strain, the pharmaceutical industry has embarked on a race for the production of a formulation containing a combination of probiotics, capable of playing a role in all the phases of the healing process. Hence, the object of this review is to describe what is known to date of the distinctive mechanisms of each of the most studied probiotic strains in order to further facilitate research towards the development of combinations of strains and doses, covering the whole spectrum of healing. Eleven probiotic species have been analyzed, the only criterion of inclusion being a minimum of two published research articles.
A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions
Authors: Uzunidis Dimitris , Moschopoulos Konstantinos , Papapavlou Charalampos , Paximadis Kostas , Marom Dan , Nazarathy Moshe , Munoz Raul , Tomkos Ioannis
Published: June 2023

Humankind has entered a new era wherein a main characteristic is the convergence of various technologies providing services exerting major impact upon all aspects of human activity, be it social interactions as well as interactions with the natural environment. Fixed networks are about to play a major role in this convergence, since they form, along with mobile networks, the backbone that provides access to a broad gamut of services, accessible from any point of the globe. It is for this reason that we introduce a forward-looking approach for fixed networks, particularly focused on Fixed 6th Generation (F6G) networks. First, we adopt a novel classification scheme for the main F6G services, comprising six categories. This classification is based on the key service requirements, namely latency, capacity and connectivity. F6G networks differ from those of previous generations (F1G-F5G) in that they concurrently support multiple key requirements. We then propose concrete steps towards transforming the main elements of fixed networks, such as optical transceivers, optical switches etc. such that they satisfy the new F6G service requirements. Our study categorizes the main networking paradigm of optical switching into two categories namely ultra-fast and ultra-high capacity switching, tailored to different service categories. With regard to the transceiver physical layer, we propose: a) use of all-optical processing to mitigate performance barriers of analog to digital and digital to analog converters (ADC/DAC); b) exploitation of optical multi-band transmission, space division-multiplexing and adoption of more efficient modulation formats.