bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers and Facilitators to Effective Inpatient Palliative Care Consultations: A Qualitative Analysis of Interviews With Palliative Care and Nonpalliative Care Providers
Authors: McDarby Meghan , Carpenter Brian D.
Published: August 2018

Objective:

To identify factors that hinder or facilitate the palliative care consultation team’s (PCCT) successful collaboration with other providers from the perspectives of both PCCT and nonpalliative specialists.

Methods:

Qualitative study, including semistructured interviews with PCCT and nonpalliative care providers from various specialties at 4 Midwestern hospitals. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed into written text documents for thematic analysis. Palliative care consultation team (n = 19) and nonpalliative care providers (n = 29) were interviewed at their respective hospital sites or via telephone. Palliative care consultation team providers included physicians, nurse practitioners, registered nurses, social workers, and one chaplain. Specialists included critical care physicians, surgeons, hospitalists, nephrologists, oncologists, and cardiologists.

Results:

Six themes emerged reflecting barriers to and facilitators of successful collaboration between the PCCT and other providers. Primary barriers included attitudes about palliative care, lack of knowledge about the role of the PCCT, and patient and family resistance. Facilitators included marketing of the palliative care service and education about the expertise of the PCCT.

Conclusion:

In order to engage in more effective collaboration with other specialty providers, the PCCT may consider strategies including structured educational interventions, increased visibility in the hospital, and active marketing of the utility of palliative care across disciplines.
Reference-Based Benefits for Colonoscopy and Arthroscopy: Large Differences in Patient Payments Across Procedures but Similar Behavioral Responses
Authors: Brown Timothy T. , Guo Chaoran , Whaley Christopher
Published: August 2018

This study examines how reference-based benefits (RBB) affect patient out-of-pocket payments across outpatient procedures. The California Public Employees’ Retirement System (CalPERS) implemented RBB asymmetrically for outpatient procedures in 2012, only applying RBB to outpatient procedures performed in a hospital outpatient department (HOPD), and not applying RBB to outpatient procedures performed in a lower cost ambulatory surgery center. Using claims data (2009-2013) on arthroscopy and colonoscopy services, we found that for colonoscopy, CalPERS patients paid an average of 63.9% ( p < .01) more for HOPDs than ambulatory surgery centers in 2012. For arthroscopy, no statistically different cost sharing was found on average. However, high-priced HOPDs were 17.3% and 17.9% less likely to be chosen by CalPERS patients in 2012 for colonoscopy and arthroscopy, respectively. These magnitudes increased in 2013 to 25.2% and 24.2% less, respectively. Overall, responsiveness to RBB with regard to the most expensive HOPDs was similar despite varying cost sharing by procedure.
Disembodied police practice: “Keep a lid on it so you can function”
Authors: Ryan Cheryl , Ollis Tracey
Published: August 2018

This paper explores disembodiment and policing in an Australian police jurisdiction – we call ‘Conundrum ’. This narrative research on police education uncovers the tensions and disembodied practices of police and the daily dilemmas that police experience working in the new era of professional policing. Police officers’ educational experiences are at odds with contemporary notions and practices of lifelong learning, workplace learning and reflexive practice. This research draws attention to the inherent difficulty that police face today as they learn to ‘manage their emotions’ in response to different forms of risk, uncertainty and instability, underscored by the longstanding ‘habitus’ in the ‘field’ of policing. This emotional work impacts on police identity and is a cost to the ‘self’ as police increasingly disconnect from their work, their colleagues and themselves. We argue that an urgent review of police education and training in Australia is needed to move from the practice-based reproduction of cultural and applied learning traditions to a more holistic education program that focuses on metacognition, reflexive practice and critical cognition.
Apathy in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease: Psychometric Validation of the Apathy Evaluation Scale
Authors: Umucu Emre , Wyman Mary , Lee Beatrice , Zuelsdorff Megan , Benton Susan Flowers , Nystrom Naomi , Johnson Sterling C. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Asthana Sanjay , Gleason Carey E.
Published: August 2018

Objectives:

The purpose of the present study was to validate the Apathy Evaluation Scale, self-rated version (AES-S), and assess the severity of apathy in a cognitively healthy middle-aged cohort at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Method:

Three hundred and sixteen middle-aged adults were selected to represent a subset of the Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Clinical Core: the Investigating Memory in People At-risk, Causes and Treatments cohort.

Results:

An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with varimax rotation identified 3 subscales: apathy, disinterest, and social withdrawal factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the EFA findings. Results indicated acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The AES-S is a reliable instrument to quantify apathy in cognitively healthy middle-aged individuals at risk for AD.

Discussion:

This study demonstrates the AES-S is a psychometrically sound measurement tool for assessing levels of apathy in a cognitively healthy middle-aged cohort at risk for AD.
Area Dominates Edge in Pointillistic Colour
Authors: Koenderink Jan , van Doorn Andrea , Gegenfurtner Karl
Published: August 2018

In Pointillism and Divisionism, artists moved from tonal to chromatic palettes, as Impressionism did before them, and relied on what is often called optical mixture instead of stirring paints together. The so-called optical mixture is actually not an optical mixture, but a mental blend, because the texture of the paint marks is used as a means to stress the picture plane. The touches are intended to remain separately visible. These techniques require novel methods of colour description that have to depart from standard colorimetric conventions. We investigate the distinctiveness of transitions between regions as defined through such artistic techniques. We find that the pointillist edges are not primarily defined by luminance contrast but are achieved in almost purely chromatic ways. A very simple rule suffices to predict transition distinctiveness for pairs of cardinal colours (yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta, and red); it is simply distance along the colour circle or in the RGB cube. Distinctiveness of partition depends mainly on the colours of the regions, not the sharpness of the transition.
Pharmacovigilance of medicines for rare and ultrarare diseases
Authors: Sardella Marco , Belcher Glyn
Published: August 2018

The assessment of the safety of medicines for rare diseases during the development phase is often limited by the few data available from small numbers of patients. This also applies to a lesser extent during the postmarketing phase of the lifecycle of a medicine. By using all available sources of data for rare diseases drugs, and by carefully assessing these data, the most informed safety profile can be obtained. This should also allow a clear view of data that are not available at any given time point and facilitates planning of strategies to obtain data through appropriate postmarketing risk management. Although it is not always easy, there are possibilities to increase the speed by which data in the postmarketing period can be generated by better use of data from ongoing formal clinical trials, by early planning of drug or disease registries and leveraging the power of both disease patient support groups, which are often well established, and networks to facilitate international research, specifically in rare diseases. The future may offer approaches using personal medical monitoring data tools and ‘big data’ to further facilitate the availability of information and to determine the effectiveness and safety profiles of drugs used for rare diseases and thus allow the benefit/risk of these drugs to be optimized. These issues will be discussed here.
Tracing the Impact of Krishnalila Narratives on Bengal Temple Architecture: A Study of Terracotta Temples of Baranagar
Authors: Karmakar Bikas , Gupta Ila
Published: August 2018

The Krishnalila narratives have an indelible impact on the architectural imaginations and designs of artisans of Bengal from seventeenth to nineteenth century. The article attempts to identify such portrayals on the front facades of the Baranagar temples of eighteenth century in Murshidabad, West Bengal. It explores the specific reasons for their inclusion and the changing nature of narratives and iconography under the varying impact of Krishna cult. It relies on literary sources, on site interviews with the priest, temple caretaker and local people and visual data collected during field visits. While romance was the primary theme of the seventeenth century temples, the eighteenth century Baranagar temples saw a diversification of themes to include heroic exploits of Krishna; portrayal of other deities attracted the devotees of Vaishnava, Shaiva and Shakta sects. Such depictions while revealing the secular nature of the chief patron also acted as a tool for legitimization of her authority.
Moving beyond categories and dimensions in personality pathology assessment and diagnosis
Authors: Huprich Steven K.
Published: August 2018

It has been suggested that a dimensional model of personality pathology should be adopted for the development and refinement of personality disorder classification. In this article, the advantages and challenges of moving toward a dimensional model are briefly reviewed. However, it is suggested that although categories and dimensions are valuable frameworks for personality pathology diagnosis, an expansion beyond categories and dimensions is needed to improve the shortcoming seen in current diagnostic systems. Ideas and examples are offered for how this might occur.

Declaration of interest

None.
Aerodynamic characteristics along the wing span of a dragonflyPantala Flavescens
Authors: Hefler Csaba , Qiu Huihe , Shyy Wei
Published: August 2018

We investigate the characteristics of inter-wing aerodynamic interactions across the span of the high-aspect-ratio, flexible wings of dragonflies under tethered and free-flying conditions. The effects of the interactions on the hindwings vary across four spanwise regions. (I) Close to the wing root, a trailing-edge vortex (TEV) is formed by each stroke, while the formation of a leading-edge vortex (LEV) is limited by the short translational distance of the hindwing and suppressed by the forewing-induced flow. (II) In the region away from the wing root but not quite up to midspan, the formation of the hindwing LEV is influenced by that of the forewing LEV. This vortex synergy can increase the circulation of the hindwing LEV in the corresponding cross-section by 22% versus that the hindwing in isolation. (III) The region about half way between the wing root and wing tip is there is a transition dominated by downwash from the forewing resulting in flow attached to the hindwing. (IV) An LEV is developed in the remaining, outer region of the wing at the end of a stroke when the hindwing captures the vortex shed by the forewing. The interaction effects depend not only on the wing phasing, but also the flapping offset and flight direction. The aerodynamics of the hindwings vary substantially from the wing root to the wing tip. For a given phasing, this spanwise variation in the aerodynamics can be exploited in the design of artificial wings to achieve greater agility and higher efficiency.
Effect sizes for differences between groups
Authors: Campbell Malcolm
Published: August 2018

In this article, we will explain why effect sizes are important and we will look at effect sizes measuring differences between groups
Malaria in pregnancy: Two-year prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics in a Nigerian hospital
Authors: Emmanuel Andy , Onyejekwe Grace , Adeleke Esther Funke
Published: August 2018

Background:

Pregnant women are more likely to be infected by malaria than non-pregnant women, due to immunological and hormonal changes in pregnancy. Enhancing midwives' understanding of malaria burden in pregnancy is key to ensuring that effective interventions are implemented.

Aims:

To determine the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women who visited an antenatal clinic in a secondary health institution in northern Nigeria between January 2013 and December 2014.

Methods:

Records of women that attended the antenatal clinic between January 2013 and December 2014 were analysed, and cases of malaria identified.

Findings:

Of the 4921 women who visited the clinic within the period under consideration, 980 were infected with malaria. The prevalences for 2013 and 2014 were 17.4% and 23.1% respectively. Prevalence was higher among younger women, and cases of malaria were largely recorded in the second and third trimesters.

Conclusions:

Malaria in this setting was moderate when compared with estimates for west Africa. It is recommended that midwives should pay attention to younger pregnant women in particular when implementing malaria prevention interventions or while sustaining preventive strategies.
Birth preparedness and complication readiness among postpartum women in the Gambia
Authors: Sonko Ismaila , Kuo Su-Chen , Lu Yu-Ying , Liu Chieh-Yu
Published: August 2018

Background:

The birth preparedness and complication readiness strategy is an approach that intends to effectively use key maternal and newborn health services to reduce delays to appropriate care.

Aims:

To assess postpartum women's knowledge and to explore factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness in rural and semi-urban regions of the Gambia.

Methods:

A correlational study design was conducted between July and August 2015. A total of 197 postpartum women were recruited and data were collected using a structured questionnaire.

Findings:

Overall, postpartum follow-up visits were low (4.6%) but lower in rural (0%) areas than semi-urban areas (9.1%). Most respondents had low knowledge of birth preparedness and complication readiness in pregnancy, labour and the postpartum period, and 90.9% had never heard the term ‘birth preparedness’. Place of residence, mother's educational level, distance from the health facility and the presence of a skilled birth attendant in last birth were found to be predictors of knowledge of birth preparedness and complication readiness.

Conclusions:

Postpartum follow-up visits were low, but lower in rural than in semi-urban areas. Knowledge of birth preparedness and danger signs during pregnancy, labour and postpartum was low. The independent predictors of knowledge were residence, mother's educational level, distance from the health facility and availability of skilled birth attendant.
With knowledge and support, women can attend antenatal care: The views of women in IDP camps in Somaliland
Authors: Badal Naciima Faysal , Yusuf Ubax Alo , Egal Jama , Pedersen Christina , Erlandsson Kerstin , Osman Fatumo , Byrskog Ulrika
Published: August 2018

Background:

In Somaliland, women's perceptions of barriers to accessing antenatal care are sparsely described, particularly with regard to marginalised women.

Aims:

To investigate perceptions of barriers to accessing antenatal care from the perspective of pregnant women living in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps.

Methods:

Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women and analysed using content analysis.

Findings:

It was crucial for women to have knowledge and trust of antenatal services, a supportive environment, and ways to overcome practical barriers, such as patient fees and long waiting hours.

Conclusions:

If women and families had relevant information about the structure and benefits of antenatal care, it would become a priority. Community awareness and trust between women, their families and antenatal care providers are central.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: August 2018

Mark Greener details the latest clinical studies relevant to primary care nurses
Dysphagia: addressing medication difficulties in primary care
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: August 2018

Linda Nazarko describes possible complications when managing patients with this condition
Treating encephalitis in primary care settings
Authors: Easton Ava
Published: August 2018

Ava Easton details how primary care nurses can help to manage this complex condition
On the scent
Authors: Benham Kim
Published: August 2018

Creating a perfumery from fallen rose petals and setting up a medical centre with authentic props are both activities which have thrilled her children in recent weeks, says senior manager Kim Benham, at Sparkles Pre-School in Croydon.
Beginning to feel at home
Authors: Barber Jenny
Published: August 2018

Jenny Barber suggests ways in which the key person can approach getting to know children who have just joined the setting. This includes exploring the culture of the child's home life to discover their interests.
Authors meet children to share a love of stories
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: August 2018

Children's book publisher Little Tiger has launched a brand new series of monthly events designed to spotlight the very best children's authors and inspire a passion for reading in four to 12-year-olds. Karen Hart reports.
Helping to prioritise resources and support
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: August 2018

Sal McKeown discovers how the Early Communication Screen from ongoing speech and language initiative, Stoke Speaks Out, is helping practitioners to gauge children's progress and provide vital interventions.
Walk and chalk
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: August 2018

Pick a sunny day and a safe outdoor area which has an interesting mix of chalkable surfaces. Give children free rein to make their own marks wherever they choose, and observe how they experiment.
Leafing through
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: August 2018

Here is how to focus on developing children's tripod grasp, which is the use of the index finger, middle finger and thumb together. This key skill ensures children can enjoy independence in everyday tasks.
‘H’ is for hello
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: August 2018

Bring the letter and phonic ‘h’ alive for your children, by pointing out how we make the ‘h’ sound in all sorts of everyday situations, from greeting each other with ‘hi’ and ‘hello’ to laughing and sighing.
DARALMA VE GENİŞLEME DÖNEMLERİNDE ULUSLARARASI PORTFÖY YATIRIMLARI NASIL ETKİLENİYOR? TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KOY Ayben , Karaca Süleyman Serdar
Published: August 2018

Turkey stock market is one of the most effected markets from the liquidity in international capital markets. Numerous variables affecting the global economy, such as monetary policy decisions made by the Federal Reserve (FED) and the European Central Bank (ECB), and country-specific variables are simultaneously affecting capital flows to the stock markets. In the study which analyzes the international net portfolio investments to Turkey stock market in the context of the relationship with USD/TRY exchange rate, equity market index and Turkey's 5 years credit default swap's (CDS) premiums', Multivariate Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive Models (MMS-VAR) are used. The model that best describes the relationship between variables is the three regimed (recession, moderate growth and expansion) MSIH(3)-VAR(2) model. The recession and expansion regimes in the model can also be expressed as bear (recession) market and bullish (expansion) markets in financial markets. In the study that uses the weekly observations beginning from 2013 to 2016, one of the empirical findings that draw attention is the relationships between net portfolio investments and exchange rate is different via the market is in the recession regime or growth regime.
ALIŞVERİŞ SÜRECİNDE AMBALAJA YÖNELİK TÜKETİCİ ALGILARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ENE Selda , ÖZKAYA Betül
Published: August 2018

Gerek
kişisel, gerekse mağaza ortamı ve merchandising sunum teknikleri gibi çevresel
faktörlerin etkisinde oluşan tüketici algıları birçok bakımdan tüketici
davranışlarını ve satın alma
kararlarını etkilemektedir.  Mağaza
ortamında, tüketici algılarını etkileyebilecek ve tüketici davranışlarında
olumlu etki yaratacak görsel sunum unsurlarından biri de ambalajlamadır.
Perakendeci işletmelere sağladığı rekabet avantajının yanı sıra ürün
ambalajları, marka farkındalığı, imajı, ürün bilgisi ve kalitesi, taşıma ve
saklama kolaylıkları vb. gibi birçok unsuru ile de tüketicilere faydalar
sunmaktadır. Yoğun rekabet ortamında başarı sağlamak isteyen perakendeci
işletmeler görsel sunumları, ambalaj vb gibi unsurları ile tüketici
davranışlarına olumlu yönde etki edebilecekler ve tüketicilerin yenilik
beklentilerini karşılayacaktır. Bu sayede tüketicilerin satın alma
miktarını ve satın alma
sıklığını arttırabileceklerdir. Çalışmada, alışveriş merkezlerinde dolaşan,
perakendeci mağazalardan alışveriş eden
tüketicilerin ambalaja yönelik algıları ile yenilik beklentileri ve satın alma sıklıkları arasındaki
ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarının, ambalaja verilen önemin artmasını
sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Ulusal ve uluslararası perakende işletmelerin
ambalaja yönelik tüketici algılarına ve yenilikçi beklentilerine verdikleri
önemin artması amaçlanmaktadır.
SİGORTA ŞİRKETLERİNDE RÜCUEN TAZMİNAT İŞLEMLERİ VE MUHASEBELEŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: Dursun Günay Deniz
Published: August 2018

Gelecekte olma
olasılığı olan ancak zamanı ve yaratacağı zararı tahmin edilemeyen riskin
transferi olarak tanımlanan sigorta, yasal düzenlemeleri, işleyişi ve muhasebe
sistemi ile diğer işletmelerin işlemlerinden farklıdır. Bu farklılıkların bir
sonucu olan ve Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda da yer alan rücu işlemleri bu
araştırmanın konusudur.Sigorta şirketinin
üstlendiği riskin meydana gelmesi durumunda sigortalısına tazminatı ödeyen
sigorta şirketinin sigortalısı yerine geçmesi rücu kavramı olarak
açıklanmaktadır. Sigorta şirketlerinin ödedikleri tazminatları üçüncü kişiden
ya da onun sigorta şirketinden talep etme hakkı olan rücu, muhasebe işlemi
olarak muhasebenin temel kavramlarından ihtiyatlılık kavramının bir gereğidir. Rücu, sigorta şirketinin yükümlülüğünü
azaltması, karlılığını arttırması, piyasa değerini yükseltmesi ve borçlanma
maliyetini azaltması gibi avantajları nedeni ile önemlidir. Bu önem ve sigorta
şirketleri açısından uygulamaya yardımcı olma amacı ile Muhasebe-Hukuk ilişkileri
bilim dalı kapsamında hazırlanan makalede, sigorta şirketlerinin rücuen
tazminat ödemeleri ve rücuen tazminat tahsilatlarının muhasebeleştirilmesi
örneklerle açıklanmıştır. Bu örnekler ayrıca, reasürans yapan sigorta
şirketlerinin poliçelerde karşılaşılan rücu işlemlerinin muhasebeleştirilmesini
de kapsamaktadır.
KORUMA SORUMLULUĞU’NUN NORMATİF STATÜSÜ
Authors: SAVAŞ CAZALA Menent
Published: August 2018

Koruma Sorumluluğu önce bir rapor daha sonra Birleşmiş
Milletler’in resmi bir belgesi olarak kısa zamanda gelişme göstermiş olmasına
karşın, normatif statüsü üzerine süregelen tartışma halen devam etmektedir.
Özellikle 2011’de gerçekleşen Libya müdahalesinin ardından söz konusu ülkenin
daha da istikrarsızlaşması üzerine, Koruma Sorumluluğu’nun zaten tartışmalı
olan geçerliliğinin sona erdiği düşüncesi yaygınlaşmış olsa da bu çalışmada,
yeni bir okuma üzerinden bu prensibin kısmen de olsa halen geçerli bir normatif
gücü olduğu görüşü savunulmaktadır. 2017 Ağustos’unda Rohingyalı Müslüman
halkın başına gelen toplu zulüm karşısında uluslararası toplumun sessiz kaldığı
veya Suriye krizinde kimyasal silah kullanımına rağmen BM Güvenlik Konseyi’nin
herhangi bir eylemde bulunamadığı bir dönemde, Koruma Sorumluluğu ve devletlere
yüklediği sorumlulukların savunulmasının daha da fazla önem kazanmaktadır.
Vahşet suçları karşısında BM Güvenlik Konseyi daimi üyelerinin veto hakkının
askıya alınması girişimi, Koruma Sorumluluğu’nun geleceği için hayati bir öneme
sahip olup, ağır insan hakları ihlallerinde devletlerin egemenlik ve toprak
bütünlüğü üzerinden bir meşruiyet söylemi geliştirmelerinin önüne geçilmesini
amaçlamaktadır.
A hypothetical upper bound on the heights of the solutions of a Diophantine equation with a finite number of solutions
Authors: Tyszka Apoloniusz
Published: August 2018

We define a computable function f from positive integers to positive integers. We formulate a hypothesis which states that if a system S of equations of the forms xi· xj = xk and xi + 1 = xi has only finitely many solutions in non-negative integers x1, . . . , xi, then the solutions of S are bounded from above by f (2n). We prove the following: (1) the hypothesis implies that there exists an algorithm which takes as input a Diophantine equation, returns an integer, and this integer is greater than the heights of integer (non-negative integer, positive integer, rational) solutions, if the solution set is finite; (2) the hypothesis implies that the question of whether or not a given Diophantine equation has only finitely many rational solutions is decidable by a single query to an oracle that decides whether or not a given Diophantine equation has a rational solution; (3) the hypothesis implies that the question of whether or not a given Diophantine equation has only finitely many integer solutions is decidable by a single query to an oracle that decides whether or not a given Diophantine equation has an integer solution; (4) the hypothesis implies that if a set M ⊆ N has a finite-fold Diophantine representation, thenMis computable.
Analysis of possibilities for measurement effect of visibility in experimental FSO system
Authors: Márton Michal , Ovseník Ľuboš , Huszaník Tomáš , Špes Michal
Published: August 2018

Nowadays, wireless optical systems are very popular because they offer a a lot of advantages including high speed transmission, high security levels, and low maintenance costs. One of these wireless optical systems is Free Space Optics (FSO). However, their primary drawback relates to the type of transmission medium used. Atmospheric channel is chosen to be the transmission medium for FSO systems. The resulting attenuation relates with all inhomogeneities that occur in the atmosphere. Concentration of water particles represents inhomogeneities which increase the levels of attenuation. Weather conditions are characterized by speciffc concentration of these particles. Visibility is one of the most crucial parameters for FSO communication. It is very important to monitor this parameter in order to switch between primary optical line and backup secondary Radio Frequency (RF) line. The focus of this paper is to analyze and evaluate visibility measurement in FSO system deployed in TUKE (Technical University of Kosice) campus. The measurement of different weather parameters for this system is triggered on TUKE. The Switching method is based on monitoring visibility as the primary parameter. Different measurement approaches provide different processing speeds. Faster and more accurate switching ensures stable system without disruption.
The Conception of Habit as a Stage of Hegel’s Naturalistic Theory of Mind
Authors: Seddone Guido
Published: August 2018

This contribution aims to address the nature of the normative in Hegel’s theory of habits and to highlight that social practices are the outcome of natural and biological characteristics related to the homeostasis of the organism and to the common biological features of the individuals of the same species. This should point out that habits and human practices have a concrete biological background and are the outcome of humans’ eagerness to inhabit the world through socially codified activities. The contribution deals also with the relation habits have with the self-conscious life and human world history.
Standard reporting of Electrical Energy per Order (E
EO) for UV/H2O2 reactors (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Keen Olya , Bolton James , Litter Marta , Bircher Keith , Oppenländer Thomas
Published: August 2018

The concept of Electrical Energy per Order (E
EO) was introduced in 2001 as a figure of merit for evaluating the energy requirements of ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV AOPs) used for the degradation of various organic contaminants. The E
EO parameter represents the energy input into the reactor that can achieve an order of magnitude decrease in the concentration of a target contaminant in a unit volume. Since the introduction of this parameter, it has become increasingly popular among UV AOP researchers and practitioners. However, the E
EO is often reported without important details that affect the parameter, making its interpretation difficult. The E
EO depends on a variety of factors (e.g. the concentration and identity of the target contaminant and the amount of hydrogen peroxide added). Therefore, the E
EO parameter needs to be reported in the literature with several other experimental details affecting the reactor performance and in a way that proper comparisons can be made between reactors across studies or manufacturers. This paper discusses the proper application of the E
EO parameter for bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies. Sucralose (artificial sweetener, C12H19Cl3O8) is proposed as a standard substance for reactor comparison.
Design, fabrication and testing of electroadhesive interdigital electrodes
Authors: Fessl Jan , Mach František , Navrátil Jiří
Published: August 2018

Electrostatic adhesion force is analyzed with emphasis on design parameters of the interdigital electrodes, material properties of dielectric layers and its thickness. From these results, two fabrication processes of the electroadhesive foils are studied to reach the highest possible performance. Experimental measurements are carried out to verify the results.
On right-angled spherical Artin monoid of type Dn
Authors: Iqbal Zaffar , Nizami Abdul Rauf , Munir Mobeen , Rabia Amlish , Kang Shin Min
Published: August 2018

Recently Berceanu and Iqbal proved that the growth rate of all the spherical Artin monoids is bounded above by 4. In this paper we compute the Hilbert series of the right-angled spherical Artin monoid
$\begin{array}{}
M({D}^{\infty}_{n})
\end{array} $ and graphically prove that growth rate is bounded by 4. We also discuss its recurrence relations and other main properties.
4 + n-dimensional water and waves on four and eleven-dimensional manifolds
Authors: Sepehri Alireza , Fioranelli Massimo
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we consider the structure of water and waves from viewpoints of two observers, one on 4-dimensional manifold and the other on 11-dimensional manifold. On a four dimensional manifold, if water contains molecules of DNA, it emits waves that by attaching to a second water, molecules give their information to it and produce new structures which are affected by the existence of DNA molecules and can be detected by PCR. Type of DNA packings in men and women are different. Consequently, their radiated waves are different and for storing their information, we need to two types of water. However on a four dimensional manifold, the structures of water are approximately the same. There is a probability that differences between various types of water could be observed in extra dimensions. On the other hand, waves that interact with water in extra dimensions can play the role of topoisomerases in biology on 11-dimensional manifold. They open packings of DNA, read it’s information and transmit it to water. Properties of these topoisomerase-like waves are different from electromagnetic and gravitational waves. However, by reducing the number of dimensions from 11 to 4, these waves become similar to known waves in four dimensions. Two structures of water and wave in extra dimensions have effects in nature. For example, waters inside the egg of women and water outside it have different structures which causes to emergence of the entanglement between them. If sperm enter water outside the egg, this entanglement is broken and some holes appear inside the egg. To fill these holes, sperms are teleported from water to water inside the egg. Another effect is radiating some topoisomerase like waves of earth and sun which are helpful for plants and transcription and translation in cells. In some cases, these waves interact with water, extract DNA from it’s structure in extra dimensions and create life.
Verfahren zur reflexionsbasierten Temperaturermittlung bei magnetostriktiven Längenmesssystemen
Authors: König Tobias , Greiner Thomas , Zern Achim , Kántor Zoltán , Szabó Attila
Published: August 2018

Magnetostriktive Positionssensoren (MPS) werden für absolute und hochgenaue lineare Positionsmessungen eingesetzt. Diese Sensoren basieren auf einer Laufzeitmessung (engl.: Time-of-Flight (TOF)) einer Körperschallwelle innerhalb eines magnetostriktiven Wellenleiters. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden lediglich Positionswerte und deren Ableitungen, wie Geschwindigkeit oder Beschleunigung bestimmt. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zur Temperaturermittlung am Ende des Wellenleiters beschrieben. Diese basiert auf der Auswertung der temperaturabhängigen Signalveränderungen von Reflexionen, welche am Ende des Wellenleiters entstehen, an dem ein Dämpfungsmaterial angebracht ist. Hierzu werden Algorithmen vorgestellt, um die Temperatur am Ende des Wellenleiters, ohne zusätzliche Hardware, aus dem empfangenen Signal zu ermitteln. Die Herleitungen werden durch Simulationen und Messergebnisse belegt. Weiterhin wird eine Möglichkeit zur vereinfachten Kalibrierung des Verfahrens betrachtet. Mit der vorgestellten Methode kann die ermittelte Temperatur als zusätzlicher Parameter verwendet werden, um z. B. eine temperaturabhängige Positionskalibrierung im Sinne eines Self-X Konzeptes eines „Smart Sensors“ zu ermöglichen.
Warum Bürger gegen die Erhebung von Erbschaftssteuern sind – auch wenn sie keine zahlen müssen: Ergebnisse einer Vignettenstudie
Authors: Groß Martin , Lang Volker
Published: August 2018

Die mehrheitliche Ablehnung der Erbschaftssteuer in der deutschen Bevölkerung ist insoweit paradox, als die meisten Bürger von Umverteilungswirkungen der Erbschaftssteuer profitieren würden. Zur Aufklärung dieses Paradoxes beizutragen ist das Ziel dieses Artikels. Dazu wurde ein Vignettenexperiment durchgeführt, mit dessen Hilfe die Einflüsse von Wertvorstellungen, Eigeninteressen und Kenntnissen auf die Gerechtigkeitsbeurteilung des Erbschaftssteuersystems untersucht wird. Dabei wurde aufgrund der aktuellen Debatte zur Begünstigung von Firmenkapital im Erbschaftssteuerrecht besonders auf entsprechende Ausnahmeregelungen eingegangen. Unsere Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die Befragten eine progressive Besteuerung hoher Erbschaften befürworten, wobei sie aber Erleichterungen für Firmenkapitalerbschaften einräumen. Zudem zeigt sich, dass die Fokussierung auf einen nicht selbstbezogenen Bewertungsrahmen durch das Vignettenexperiment von zentraler Bedeutung für die Erklärung der ablehnenden Haltung gegenüber Erbschaftssteuern in direkten Abfragen ist.
La Economía Institucional y su relación con los sectores productivos
Authors: Benavides Vindas Shirley , Artavia Jiménez María Leonela , Parada Gómez Álvaro Martín
Published: August 2018

El artículo aborda la teoría de la Economía Institucional desde la perspectiva de su relación con los sectores productivos. El objetivo es dilucidar los principales aportes de la teoría institucionalista en materia de formulación de políticas de apoyo a los sectores productivos de países en desarrollo. Se aborda el rol del Estado y su papel regulador, los bienes públicos y la importancia de las instituciones en el ordenamiento socioeconómico del país. Del análisis realizado surge la conclusión de que un mayor desarrollo institucional dirigido en dos líneas, la primera hacia el fomento del desarrollo integral de las personas, que son quienes conforman la sociedad e integran la fuerza laboral, y la segunda, hacia la promoción de dinámicas innovadoras que incluyan la implementación de nuevas tecnologías, es una de las rutas para el fortalecimiento del desarrollo productivo de los países en desarrollo.
Rechtliche Grenzen innovativer Finanztechnologien (FinTech): Smart Contracts als Selbsthilfe?
Authors: Möslein Florian
Published: August 2018

Mit dem FinTech-Aktionsplan, den die Europäische Kommission im Frühjahr vorgestellt hat, werden erste Konturen einer europäischen Agenda für innovative Finanztechnologien (FinTech) erkennbar. So umfassend der Anwendungsbereich des Aktionsplans, so beschränkt ist jedoch bislang sein materieller Regelungsgehalt. Die Rechtswissenschaft hat umso mehr zur künftigen Rechtsentwicklung beizutragen, muss dabei aber dem primär ermöglichenden Charakter der europäischen FinTech-Agenda Rechnung tragen. Blockchain-basierten Smart Contracts, die in der Finanzbranche großes Potenzial haben, sollte insoweit besonderes Augenmerk gelten, zumal angesichts ihres selbstdurchsetzenden, regelnden Gepräges. Der nachfolgende Beitrag illustriert nach einer überblicksartigen Darstellung des Aktionsplans die rechtlichen Grenzen, die in seiner Folge zu überdenken sein werden; dabei konzentriert er sich auf jene Smart Contracts und deren Begrenzung, insbesondere durch mitgliedstaatliche Regeln zur privatrechtlichen Selbsthilfe.
KapMuG-Verfahren bei fehlenden oder fehlerhaften Ad-hoc-Mitteilungen sowie bei Prospektangaben
Authors: Rathmann Jens
Published: August 2018

Die Verfahren nach dem Kapitalanleger-Musterverfahrensgesetz (KapMuG) haben, nach anfänglicher Euphorie im Zusammenhang mit einigen Großverfahren (Börsengänge der Deutsche Telekom AG, Hypo-Real-Estate-Verfahren), zweitweise ein Nischen-Dasein geführt. Erst in den letzten zwei Jahren wurden mehrere rechtlich und vor allem wirtschaftlich bedeutsame Verfahren eingeleitet (z. B. im Zusammenhang mit der gescheiterten Übernahme von VW durch Porsche oder dem sog. „Dieselgate“) und es kam auch in einer Reihe von „normalen“ Kapitalanlagefällen zu KapMuG-Anträgen (z. B. zu Schiffs- und Immobilienfonds). Der Beitrag, der auf einem Vortrag anlässlich der ZIP-Jahrestagung zum Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht am 20. April 2018 basiert, will den Ablauf eines KapMuG-Verfahrens darstellen, dabei einige Probleme bei dessen Durchführung vor dem Oberlandesgericht beleuchten und schließlich einen Ausblick auf die – vom Bundestag inzwischen beschlossene – Musterverfahrensklage wagen.
THE USE OF WIND-HYDROGEN UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY PLANT IN DIFFERENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Solomin E. V. , Kirpichnikova I. M. , Amerkhanov R. A. , Korobatov D. V. , Lutovats M. , Martyanov A. S.
Published: August 2018

The paper presents the project of the autonomous power complex on the basis of wind-power plant and hydrogen module with a capacity in 3 kW with further replication to 50 kW and shows the possibilities of operation of the present plant in different climatic conditions of Russia: Siberia, the Far East, the Northern Caucasus, Krasnodar territory, and also for universal use in climatic zones of the Arctic and Antarctic, deserts of Africa and the isolated islands with typical destructive sea salt fogs.

This paper carries out the study, comprehensive analysis and comparison of known types and classes of wind plants, as a result of which the authors have developed an innovative multi-tier scalable vertically-axial wind power plant. This unit is used as the main power source, the uninterrupted part of which is based on a cyclically operating hydrogen module, contains an electrolytic cell, a fuel cell system and a hydrogen storage device with a communication and control system. The components of the power plant developed by the authors’ team operate at a single DC voltage and can be connected to a common bus bar with an increase of power in this complex. Flexible control algorithms allow optimizing the operation of the power complex to reduce the start-stop frequency, thereby increasing both the service life and time intervals between maintenance. Remote control provides monitoring and management of electricity output processes and hydrogen storage with the help of Internet technologies in long-term modes.

The study has shown that this equipment is long-lived, reliable and environmentally friendly, and the system is modular and flexible because it is easily scaled under consumer’s control including the personal power consumption and small business. Moreover, the developed power plant is accessible in purchase, mounting and operation for remote energy consumers as far as the assessed value of equipment is correlating with the cost of power line installation and the operation of equipment does not require large engineering and technological skills.
TRANSFORMING EXTENDED ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL INTO OWL ONTOLOGY IN TEMPORAL DATABASES
Authors: Vo Minh Hoang Lien , Hoang Quang
Published: August 2018

Many previous systems were built based on the ER model, so the upgrading and transforming the ER model into ontology for reducing cost is really necessary. There are several studies aim at transforming from ER and EER model into ontology. However, these studies have not classified the semantic of the recursive relationship in ER model, so the semantic of the recursive relationship will be easily lost during the transformation. Also, the studies have not mentioned the designing of the ontology that supports temporal attributes based on the temporal ER model. This paper discusses the semantic classification of the recursive relationship and TimeER model (extended EER in temporal databases) and OWL ontology. And propose a method to transform into OWL ontology.
For the Many: a curriculum for social justice
Authors: Wrigley Terry
Published: August 2018

In recent years educational preoccupations have largely focused on 'teaching and learning', often drawing on deficit models of teaching and encouraging myths about 'poor teachers' and 'bad teaching'. Debate about the curriculum has been discouraged – but this has not stopped it
being 'reformed', often in profoundly reactionary ways. This article analyses developments in the English school curriculum and argues that Labour's proposed National Education Service offers an opportunity to consider what a genuinely socially just curriculum might look like.
The Realistic Possibility of a Labour Government Led by Jeremy Corbyn Means We Could Get Rid of Academies for Good
Authors: Hatcher Richard
Published: August 2018

A National Education Service has to fix the multiple problems created by a fragmented and fractured system which has been completely undermined by academisation. This article argues there can be no ambivalence about bringing academy schools back into a local authority system, but that
a future Labour government must also reinvigorate what democratic participation and accountability mean in a local government model.
Amyloid Precursor Protein Is Associated with Aggressive Behavior in Nonluminal Breast Cancers
Authors: Tsang Julia Y.S. , Lee Michelle A. , Ni Yun-Bi , Chan Siu-Ki , Cheung Sai-Yin , Chan Wai-Wa , Lau Kwok-Fai , Tse Gary M.K.
Published: August 2018

Background

β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), a potential target for Alzheimer's disease treatment, has recently been shown to take part in carcinogenesis. Increased APP promotes migration, survival, and proliferation in breast cancer cell lines. We examined the clinical value of APP in breast cancers. A comprehensive examination of clinicopathological features related to APP expression in a large cohort of breast cancers and the corresponding metastatic lymph nodes was performed. APP expression and its prognostic impact in different breast cancer subtypes were examined.

Results

APP was highly expressed in nonluminal breast cancers and correlated with features associated with nonluminal breast cancers (including higher grade, the presence of necrosis, and higher proliferative index, growth factor receptor, and basal marker expression). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis demonstrated that APP was an independent adverse prognostic factor of disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.090; p = .013; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.165–3.748) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS; HR, 2.631; p = .002; 95% CI, 1.408–4.915) in the nonluminal group. The independent prognostic impact was also seen in triple negative breast cancers. Interestingly, a higher expression of APP was found in nodal metastasis compared with primary tumor. Such APP upregulation was correlated with further distal metastasis and poorer outcome (DFS: log-rank, 12.848; p < .001; BCSS: log-rank, 13.947; p < .001).

Conclusion

Our findings provided evidence of oncogenic roles of APP in clinical breast cancers. Patients with positive APP expression, particularly those with APP upregulation in lymph node metastases, may require vigilant monitoring of their disease and more aggressive therapy.

Implications for Practice

β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), a potential target for Alzheimer's disease, has recently been implicated in oncogenesis. Here, evidence of its roles in clinical breast cancers is provided. Positive APP expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor in nonluminal cancers, particularly triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Interestingly, a higher APP in nodal metastases was associated with distal metastases. TNBCs are heterogeneous and currently have no available target therapy. APP could have therapeutic potential and be used to define the more aggressive cases in TNBCs. Current prognostic analysis is based on primary tumor. The present data suggest that investigation of nodal metastases could provide additional prognostic value.
Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation in coal ash
Authors: Safavizadeh Shahin , Montoya Brina M. , Gabr Mohammed A.
Published: August 2018

The long-term storage of coal ash in impoundments can lead to concerns of structural stability as well as trace element migration to local surface water and groundwater sources. Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) offers a potential approach for minimising leachability of heavy metal trace elements from coal ash by calcium carbonate cementation. In this study, a protocol for MICP treatment of coal ash has been experimentally developed. The MICP treatment is applied to three coal ashes from different power plants, and their response to the developed treatment protocol is assessed. Possible factors affecting the MICP treatment of coal ash are discussed in terms of efficacey and inhibition of the stabilisation process. For this purpose, several approaches such as shear wave velocity, electrical conductivity, pH measurement, acid washing, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were implemented. The results indicated that carbon/carbide content of the fly ash material has an important role in the efficacey of the MICP treatment process. The most likely explanation is carbon/carbide aids in the nucleation of calcium carbonate precipitation.
Entrevista com Francisco Mesquita. Transeuntes, paisagens e mensagens em mutação com o cartaz camaleônico
Authors: Zilles Borba Eduardo
Published: August 2018

Conversamos sobre a evolução da comunicação em espaços urbanos com Francisco Mesquita, que atua junto à Universidade Fernando Pessoa, no Porto, em Portugal. Estudioso das narrativas, estéticas e materialidades dos cartazes publicitários, o professor lança um olhar crítico a questões técnicas, tecnológicas, estratégicas e socioculturais intrínsecas a estes dispositivos que revestem a paisagem das cidades. A entrevista transcorre no entendimento dos marcos evolutivos do cartaz, suas abordagens criativas, a comunicação das marcas com transeuntes, inovação em materiais e, também, pelas abordagens artísticas e sociais da publicidade como elemento que configura os centros urbanos. Recentemente, Mesquita lançou o livro “Do Paleo-cartaz ao Cartaz Camaleônico”, obra na qual aprofunda sua reflexão acerca da evolução da publicidade exterior.