bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Thyroid Hormone Receptor Thrab Leads to Female Infertility in Zebrafish
Authors: Ai Nana , Han Cho Rong , Zhao Hui , Cheng Sheue-Yann , Ge Wei
Published: March 2024

Thyroid hormones (THs) T4 and T3 are vital for development, growth, and metabolism. Thyroid dysfunction can also cause problems in fertility, suggesting involvement of THs in reproduction. In zebrafish, there exist 2 forms of TH receptor alpha gene (thraa and thrab). Disruption of these genes by CRISPR/Cas9 showed no reproductive irregularities in the thraa mutant; however, inactivation of the thrab gene resulted in female infertility. Although young female mutants (thrabm/m) showed normal ovarian development and folliculogenesis before sexual maturation, they failed to release eggs during oviposition after sexual maturation. This spawning failure was due to oviductal blockage at the genital papilla. The obstruction of the oviduct subsequently caused an accumulation of the eggs in the ovary, resulting in severe ovarian hypertrophy, abdominal distention, and disruption of folliculogenesis. Gene expression analysis showed expression of both TH receptors and estrogen receptors in the genital papilla, suggesting a direct TH action and potential interactions between thyroid and estrogen signaling pathways in controlling genital papilla development and function. In addition to their actions in the reproductive tracts, THs may also have direct effects in the ovary, as suggested by follicle atresia and cessation of folliculogenesis in the heterozygous mutant (thrab+/m), which was normal in all aspects of female reproduction in young and sexually mature fish but exhibited premature ovarian failure in aged females. In summary, this study provides substantial evidence for roles of THs in controlling the development and functions of both reproductive tract and ovary.
“The Book Which Increases the Human Efficiency”
Authors: Hamilton Peter
Published: March 2024

This article reframes the introduction of Taylorism in early Republican China as the origin point for an enduring social ideal of “scientific management” across modern Chinese society. Previous scholars have argued that Taylorism had a limited impact on Chinese industry before the 1920s and 1930s, but this conclusion overlooks a pervasive intellectual impact. A global phenomenon originating in the United States, Taylorism was not just methods to increase production efficiency. It was also a utopian vision to reorganize society around perfected technocratic hierarchies. Its first Chinese translators all enthusiastically embraced this universal vision, promoting this American “science” as a panacea that would both accelerate China's industrialization and improve its supposedly inefficient public. China's first advocates of scientific management spread these ideas far beyond industry through mainstream publications and urged their universal adoption. While Taylor's methods only shaped a few industrial enterprises before the 1920s, they nonetheless seeded a capacious ideal of a scientifically managed society that remains today.
Intraoperative MRI: A Review of Applications Across Neurosurgical Specialties
Authors: Begley Sabrina L. , McBriar Joshua D. , Pelcher Isabelle , Schulder Michael
Published: March 2024

Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) made its debut to great fanfare in the mid-1990s. However, the enthusiasm for this technology with seemingly obvious benefits for neurosurgeons has waned. We review the benefits and utility of iMRI across the field of neurosurgery and present an overview of the evidence for iMRI for multiple neurosurgical disciplines: tumor, skull base, vascular, pediatric, functional, and spine. Publications on iMRI have steadily increased since 1996, plateauing with approximately 52 publications per year since 2011. Tumor surgery, especially glioma surgery, has the most evidence for the use of iMRI contributing more than 50% of all iMRI publications, with increased rates of gross total resection in both adults and children, providing a potential survival benefit. Across multiple neurosurgical disciplines, the ability to use a multitude of unique sequences (diffusion tract imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, blood oxygenation level-dependent) allows for specialization of imaging for various types of surgery. Generally, iMRI allows for consideration of anatomic changes and real-time feedback on surgical outcomes such as extent of resection and instrument (screw, lead, electrode) placement. However, implementation of iMRI is limited by cost and feasibility, including the need for installation, shielding, and compatible tools. Evidence for iMRI use varies greatly by specialty, with the most evidence for tumor, vascular, and pediatric neurosurgery. The benefits of real-time anatomic imaging, a lack of radiation, and evaluation of surgical outcomes are limited by the cost and difficulty of iMRI integration. Nonetheless, the ability to ensure patients are provided by a maximal yet safe treatment that specifically accounts for their own anatomy and highlights why iMRI is a valuable and underutilized tool across multiple neurosurgical subspecialties.
Fitness Level- and Sex-Related Differences in Pulmonary Limitations to Maximal Exercise in Normoxia and Hypoxia
Authors: Raberin Antoine , Manferdelli Giorgio , Schorderet Forrest , Bourdillon Nicolas , Millet Grégoire P.
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Both maximal-intensity exercise and altitude exposure challenge the pulmonary system that may reach its maximal capacities. Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) and exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) are common in endurance-trained athletes. Furthermore, due to their smaller airways and lung size, women, independently of their fitness level, may be more prone to pulmonary limitations during maximal-intensity exercise; particularly when performed in hypoxic conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sex and fitness level on pulmonary limitations during maximal exercise in normoxia and their consequences in acute hypoxia.

Methods

Fifty-one participants were distributed across four different groups according to sex and fitness level. Participants visited the laboratory on three occasions to perform maximal incremental cycling tests in normoxia and hypoxia (inspired oxygen fraction = 0.14) and two hypoxic chemosensitivity tests. Pulmonary function and ventilatory capacities were evaluated at each visit.

Results

EIH was more prevalent (62.5% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.004) and EFL less common (37.5% vs. 70.4%, p = 0.019) in women than men. EIH prevalence was different (p = 0.004) between groups of trained men (41.7%), control men (6.7%), trained women (50.0%), and control women (75.0%). All EIH men but only 40% of EIH women exhibited EFL. EFL individuals had higher slope ratio (p = 0.029), higher ventilation (V̇E) (p < 0.001), larger ΔVO2max (p = 0.019) and lower hypoxia-related V̇E increase (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Women reported a higher EIH prevalence than men, regardless of their fitness level, despite a lower EFL prevalence. EFL seems mainly due to the imbalance between ventilatory demands and capacities. It restricts ventilation, leading to a larger performance impairment during maximal exercise in hypoxic conditions.
Recent developments, opportunities, and challenges in the study of mRNA pseudouridylation
Authors: Gilbert Wendy V.
Published: March 2024

Pseudouridine is an abundant mRNA modification found in diverse organisms ranging from bacteria and viruses to multicellular plants and humans. New developments in pseudouridine profiling provide quantitative tools to map mRNA pseudouridylation sites. Sparse biochemical studies establish the potential for mRNA pseudouridylation to affect most stages of the mRNA life cycle from birth to death. This recent progress sets the stage for deeper investigations into the molecular and cellular functions of specific mRNA pseudouridines, including in disease.
Ανακυκλώνοντας Καλλιτεχνικά
Authors: Ζιώγας Γιάννης
Published: March 2024

Η παρούσα έκδοση είναι αποτέλεσμα της δράσης «Ανακυκλώνοντας Καλλιτεχνικά», που διοργανώθηκε από το Κέντρο Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης (ΚΠΕ) Μελίτης- Φλώρινας και το 1ο Εργαστήριο Ζωγραφικής του Τμήματος Εικαστικών και Εφαρμοσμένων Τεχνών (ΤΕΕΤ) του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Μακεδονίας. Η συνεργασία των δύο φορέων ξεκίνησε τον Μάιο του 2010 και συνεχίστηκε τον Μάιο του 2011 με τη διοργάνωση του τριήμερου σεμιναρίου .Φύση/Ορια/ Υλικά.. Η επιτυχία του συγκεκριμένου σεμιναρίου οδήγησε τους δύο φορείς στην απόφαση για συνέχιση της συνεργασίας τους, αυτή τη φορά στο πεδίο της δημιουργικής ανακύκλωσης.
Analysis of the mechanisms of function of T-cell products in cellular immunotherapy
Authors: Λυσάνδρου Μέμνων
Published: March 2024

Η αλλογενής μεταμόσχευση αιμοποιητικών κυττάρων (Allo-HCT) αποτελεί μια καθιερωμένη θεραπεία για ασθενείς με σύνδρομα μυελικής ανεπάρκειας και αιματολογικές κακοήθειες όπως η οξεία λευχαιμία. Ωστόσο, αυτή η θεραπεία συχνά συνοδεύεται από την εμφάνιση της νόσου του μοσχεύματος έναντι του ξενιστή (GvHD), μιας απειλητικής για τη ζωή επιπλοκής στην οποία τα Τ κύτταρα που προέρχονται από τον δότη αναγνωρίζουν και επιτίθενται τους φυσιολογικούς ιστούς του ξενιστή. Αυτό το φαινόμενο μπορεί να συμβεί είτε νωρίς (acute GvHD) είτε αργότερα (chronic GvHD) μετά από την allo-HCT και μπορεί να εμφανιστεί ακόμη και όταν χορηγείται ισχυρή ανοσοκατασταλτική προφύλαξη ή ακόμα και όταν ο δότης είναι HLA συμβατός αδερφός. Παρά τις πρωτοποριακές ανακαλύψεις στην παθοβιολογία της GvHD και τις προόδους στην κατανόηση των υποκείμενων μηχανισμών αυτής της νόσου, η συμβατική ανοσοκατασταλτική φαρμακοθεραπεία παραμένει η κύρια παρέμβαση για την προφύλαξη και θεραπεία έναντι της GvHD. Μια πολλά υποσχόμενη εναλλακτική στρατηγική κατά της GvHD είναι η ανοσοθεραπεία που χρησιμοποιεί τη υιοθετούμενη θεραπεία με Τ ρυθμιστικά κύτταρα (Tregs) ως ζωντανό φάρμακο με στόχο την αποφυγή παρατεταμένης φαρμακολογικής ανοσοκαταστολής διατηρώντας παράλληλα το ευεργετικό αποτέλεσμα Μοσχεύματος έναντι Λευχαιμίας.Η προσέγγισή μας φιλοδοξούσε να μιμηθεί τον φυσιολογικό μηχανισμό της επιτυχούς ανοσολογικής ανοχής που λαμβάνει χώρα κατά τη διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης, όπου το HLA-G -ένα πολύ γνωστό ανοσορυθμιστικό μόριο- εκφράζεται στον πλακούντα προστατεύοντας έτσι το «ημι-αλλογενές» έμβρυο από μητρική ανοσολογική απόρριψη. Δεδομένου ότι το γονίδιο HLA-G καταστέλλεται επιγενετικά και ότι η μεθυλίωση του εκκινητή του γονιδίου ρυθμίζει τη μεταγραφική του δραστηριότητα, δείξαμε σε μικρής κλίμακας in vitro πειράματα ότι η έκθεση ανθρώπινων περιφερικών Τ κυττάρων σε υπομεθυλιωτικούς παράγοντες (HA) επάγει de novo και σταθερή έκφραση του HLA-G, μετατρέποντάς τα σε Tregs με in vitro ανοσοκατασταλτικές λειτουργίες. Στη συνέχεια, αναπτύξαμε και επικυρώσαμε τη διαδικασία κατασκευής ενός προϊόντος εμπλουτισμένου με HLA-G+ T κύτταρα (G+ κύτταρα), που ονομάζεται iG-Tregs, χρησιμοποιώντας ένα κλινικής κλίμακας και GMP-βαθμού πρωτόκολλο. Τα παραγόμενα iG-Tregs εμφανίζουν κατασταλτικές ιδιότητες με ευνοϊκό προφίλ ασφάλειας τόσο in vitro όσο και in vivo.Η παρούσα διατριβή παίζει καθοριστικό ρόλο στο μεταφραστικό ταξίδι των iG-Tregs καθώς εστιάζει στην αποσαφήνιση των μοριακών πτυχών της κυτταρικής βιολογίας των G+ κυττάρων, στο σχεδιασμό μιας παρεμβατικής κλινικής δοκιμής για τη μετάφραση των iG-Tregs ως υιοθετούμενης κυτταρικής ανοσοθεραπείας έναντι της ανάρτησης GvHD σε ασθενείς που υποβάλλονται σε allo-HCT και τέλος στην ανάπτυξη ενός πλαισίου ανοσολογικής επιτήρησης των ασθενών για την αποσαφήνιση των βιολογικών γεγονότων που συμβαίνουν μετά από τη χορήγηση iG-Tregs in vivo.
Please mind the grey digital divide
Authors: Αλεξοπούλου Σοφία
Published: March 2024

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή εξετάζει το γκρι ψηφιακό χάσμα και τις ψηφιακές πολιτικές σε δύο διαφορετικά συστήματα πρόνοιας, ήτοι της Σουηδίας και της Ελλάδας. Το γκρι ψηφιακό χάσμα είναι ένα σοβαρό πρόβλημα όχι μόνο για το άτομο, αλλά και για την κοινωνία. Το γκρι ψηφιακό χάσμα υποδηλώνει την αδυναμία των ηλικιωμένων να χρησιμοποιούν την ψηφιακή τεχνολογία. Στους ακαδημαϊκούς κύκλους, η έμφαση δίνεται κυρίως στις τεχνολογικές πτυχές του γκρι ψηφιακού χάσματος ή στα ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά των ηλικιωμένων ως (μη) χρηστών των ψηφιακών εργαλείων. Ωστόσο, το πρόβλημα είναι πιο σύνθετο στη φύση του και είναι αλληλένδετο με τη διαδικασία της γήρανσης και τα προσωπικά βιώματα.Το γκρι ψηφιακό χάσμα έχει πολλαπλά επίπεδα: το πρώτο αφορά την πρόσβαση, το δεύτερο τις δεξιότητες και το τρίτο τις ευκαιρίες. Αυτή η διατριβή επικεντρώνεται κυρίως στο τρίτο επίπεδο του ψηφιακού χάσματος επειδή αγγίζει το κομμάτι της πρόνοιας. Αυτό το συγκεκριμένο επίπεδο, περιγράφει τις επαφές που αναγκάζονται να έχουν οι ηλικιωμένοι πολίτες με το ψηφιακό κράτος πρόνοιας και τα εμπόδια που μπορεί να αντιμετωπίσουν κατά τη διάρκεια. Οι ηλικιωμένοι «εκτός σύνδεσης» πολίτες δεν μπορούν να επωφεληθούν από τις υπηρεσίες πρόνοιας που έχουν ανάγκη προκειμένου να αυξήσουν τη δική τους ευημερία και δεν μπορούν να συμμετέχουν ως ισότιμοι πολίτες στον ψηφιακό χώρο, ο οποίος επεκτείνεται σε καθημερινή βάση με νέες ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες. Το πεδίο της εν λόγω διατριβής είναι πρωτίστως η πολιτική επιστήμη και βασίζεται σε διάφορους κλάδους, όπως η πολιτική επιστήμη (θεωρία των συστημάτων πρόνοιας, νεοθεσμική προσέγγιση και εξάρτηση από το μονοπάτι), η δημόσια πολιτική (παράδειγμα της ενεργούς γήρανσης), η γεροντολογία (αποδέσμευση), η κοινωνιολογία (αποκλεισμός μέσω της αναγκαστικής υποχρέωσης των ατόμων να χρησιμοποιούν τα ψηφιακά εργαλεία) και μελέτες ΤΠΕ (το φαινόμενο της ψηφιοποίησης και το τρίτο επίπεδο του ψηφιακού χάσματος). Η διατριβή αποτελείται από δύο ποιοτικές περιπτωσιολογικές μελέτες, μια συγκριτική μελέτη και μια βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση του πεδίου εφαρμογής. Τα βασικά ευρήματα είναι τα εξής: 1) οι ηλικιωμένοι είναι μια ετερογενής ομάδα και αυτό ισχύει και στον ψηφιακό κόσμο, με την εμφάνιση ετερογενών ψηφιακών προφίλ. 2) το καθεστώς πρόνοιας φαίνεται να επηρεάζει την εκδήλωση του γκρι ψηφιακού χάσματος και υπάρχει ένα μοτίβο εξάρτησης σε αυτό (path-dependency pattern) 3) όσο πιο ψηφιοποιημένη μια κοινωνία, τόσο μεγαλύτερη είναι η πιθανότητα οι ηλικιωμένοι που δεν χρησιμοποιούν την τεχνολογία να αποκλειστούν από την ψηφιακή και κοινωνική σφαίρα. και 4) οι ψηφιακές πολιτικές υποδεικνύουν τις προτεραιότητες κάθε κοινωνίας και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι ηλικιωμένοι αντιλαμβάνονται ως κοινωνική ομάδα.
Case Report: Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Case Report
Authors: Khan Samiha Jameel Ahmed , Gawande Madhuri , Hande Alka , Patil Swati , Sonone Archana , Pakhale Aayushi
Published: March 2024

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare variant of conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) frequently affecting the upper aerodigestive tract. The hypopharynx, tonsil, supraglottic larynx, tongue (base), and head-neck regions are particularly susceptible to BSCC. Clinically, the presentation of BSCC and conventional SCC is similar, but BSCC has a poorer prognosis. BSCC is distinguished histopathologically by a dimorphic pattern, a distinctive basal cell component paired with a squamous component. However, its similar features to conventional SCC makes it difficult to diagnose. Therefore, histopathology and immunohistochemistry play a crucial role in diagnosing such tumors. Here we present the case of a 70-year-old male diagnosed with BSCC involving the tongue.
Overview of Molecular Diagnostics in Irish Clinical Oncology
Authors: Medina Tyler , Hynes Seán O. , Lowery Maeve , Gillespie Paddy , Kolch Walter , Seoighe Cathal
Published: March 2024

Background Molecular diagnostics are critical for informing cancer patient care. In Ireland, the National Cancer Control Programme (NCCP) develops cancer therapy regimens, which include relevant information on molecular indications. Here, we present a collated overview of the current molecular indications of all NCCP systemic anti-cancer therapy regimens and the funding statuses of their associated drugs. Furthermore, we also provide estimates for the scale of required molecular testing in cancer therapy and for the clinical genetic sequencing capacity of Ireland, and provide a summary of current cancer clinical trials in Ireland which have molecular components. Methods Through a combination of web scraping, keyword search, and manual review, we performed a full review of all 757 indications included in the 476 therapy regimens published to date by the NCCP to identify therapy indications with explicit molecular criteria. For all cancer types identified in these indications, we obtained incidence rates in Ireland from National Cancer Registry Ireland to predict the number of patients yearly who stand to benefit from a molecular test. We then applied molecular subtype rates from published literature to estimate the number of patients who would then qualify for a relevant molecularly guided therapy. Results We identified 210 indications for 148 NCCP therapy regimens that include molecular criteria. These 210 molecular indications encompassed 85 genetic criteria, 137 cellular biomarker criteria, 57 molecularly informed drugs, and over 20 cancer types. We estimated that up to approximately 50% of cancer patients in Ireland could qualify for a molecular test and that the majority of tested patients would qualify for a treatment informed by a molecular test. Conclusions As personalised cancer medicine continues to develop in Ireland, this study will provide a baseline understanding of current practices. We anticipate that work such as this will help to inform planning in the healthcare system.
The mother during pregnancy and the puerperium: Detailed data abstracted from the clinical obstetric records of ALSPAC pregnancies
Authors: Birmingham Karen , Gregory Steven , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Fraser Abigail , Lawlor Deborah A. , Boyd Andrew , Northstone Kate , Golding Jean
Published: March 2024

Background When the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) was planned, it was assumed that the clinical obstetric data would be easily accessible from the newly developed National Health Service computerised ‘STORK’ system. Pilot studies, however, showed that, although fairly accurate in regard to aspects of labour and delivery, it was, at the time (1990-2), inadequate for identifying the full antenatal and postnatal details of clinical complications and treatments of the women in the Study. Methods A scheme was therefore developed to train research staff to find and abstract relevant details from clinical records onto proformas designed for the purpose. Extracting such data proved very time consuming (up to six hours for complicated pregnancies) and consequently expensive. Funding for the enterprise was obtained piecemeal using specific focussed grants to extract data for subsamples of the Study, including a random sample to serve as controls. Results To date, detailed records have been completed for 8369 pregnancies, and a further 5336 (13,705 in total) have complete details on specific prenatal areas, including serial measures of maternal blood pressure, proteinuria and weight. In this Data Note we describe the information abstracted from the obstetric medical records concerning the mother during pregnancy, labour, delivery and the first two weeks of the puerperium. Information abstracted relating to the fetus (including fetal monitoring, presentation, method of delivery) and neonate (signs of asphyxia, resuscitation, treatment and well-being) have been described in a further Data Note. Conclusions These data add depth to ALSPAC concerning ways in which the signs and symptoms, procedures and treatments of the mother prenatally, intrapartum and postnatally, may impact on the long-term health and development of both mother and child. They augment the data collected from the mothers’ questionnaires (described elsewhere) and the ‘STORK’ digital hospital data.
Basics of complexity theory
Authors: Cvetkov Viktor
Published: March 2024

The monograph reveals the basics of complexity theory and methods for assessing complexity. The concept of complexity consideration is based on the analysis of complexity as a common attribute in processes and systems. The monograph describes the main methods for assessing different types of complexity. The concept of considering complexity in this monograph is also based on the fact that complexity is a comparative characteristic. It is given on a relative scale of difficulty. Therefore, complexity must be defined on a relative scale of “simplicity-complexity.” This concept motivates the consideration and analysis of the concept of “simplicity” as a complement to the concept of “complexity”. These concepts set the scale of complexity. The monograph provides a comparative analysis of the related concepts of simplicity and complexity. Three methods for assessing complexity are described: expert assessment of complexity, assessment of complexity using mathematical metrics, comparative assessment of complexity based on the theory of comparative analysis. The monograph contains a taxonomy of the main types of complexity. The content of the main types of complexity is revealed in detail: descriptive complexity, system complexity, modeling complexity, computational complexity. algorithmic complexity, deterministic complexity. Specific cognitive difficulties are described in detail. For cognitive complexity, special assessment methods are used. An interpretation of the concept of cognitive filter is given. Complexity is associated with the concept of complex systems. In most monographs on complex systems, the complexity aspect has not been considered or is viewed in a simplified manner. This monograph examines complexity as a characteristic of complex systems and the basis for their classification. Emergence is described as a characteristic of the complexity of systems and complex processes. The monograph contains a taxonomy of complex systems with characteristics of the complexity of different systems. Complex data systems have been explored. An analysis of organizational complex systems is given. Various types of complex ergatic systems have been described. An analysis of complex technical systems is given. Self-developing complex systems are described. autopoiesis of a complex organizational and technical system has been studied as a principle of systems development. Cyber-physical systems are described as an example of the development of complex systems. The monograph is intended for specialists in the field of computer science, systems analysis, artificial intelligence and philosophy of information.
Registration of the atmospheric effect of the Hunga Tonga volcano eruption
Authors: Sorokin Aleksandr , Dobrynin Vasiliy
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the results of recording of acoustic waves, caused by the Hunga Tonga volcano eruption in the South Pacific Ocean on January 15, 2022, in Eastern Siberia at a distance of about 11230 km from the eruption. The received acoustic signal is interpreted as a set of atmospheric waves in a wide range of oscillations. The structure of the signal is similar to signals from the previously known powerful sources: the thermonuclear explosion on Novaya Zemlya in 1961 and the explosion of the Tunguska meteorite in 1908. The acoustic signal was preceded by three trains of low-frequency damped oscillations. We assume that these three trains of oscillations are associated with three important stages in the Hunga Tonga volcano eruption: 1) destruction of Tonga island and formation of an underwater caldera; 2) release of hot magma from the caldera to the ocean surface and release of a large volume of superheated steam into the atmosphere 3) formation of a layered structure from a mixture of superheated steam, ash, and tephra on the ocean surface and formation of an eruptive convective column. Successive phases of the eruption might have contributed to the excitation of acoustic vibrations in a wide range of periods including Lamb waves, internal gravity waves (IGW), and infrasound. We compare the structure of the acoustic signal received in Siberia at a distance of more than 11000 km from the volcano and that of the acoustic signal recorded in Alaska at a distance of more than 9300 km. Using the solution of the linearized Korteweg — de Vries equation, we estimate the energy released during the volcanic eruption.
Influence of El Niño on parameters of the middle and upper atmosphere over Eastern Siberia according to reanalysis and model data in winter
Authors: Vyatkin Artyom , Kochetkova Olga , Mordvinov Vladimir
Published: March 2024

One of the most important climate-forming phenomena in the ocean—atmosphere system is the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, which manifest themselves with varying intensity in almost all regions of the globe. The central regions of Eurasia are farthest from the tropics of the Pacific Ocean, the regions where ENSO originates. There are different points of view regarding the nature of the ENSO effect on these regions. In the presented work, the influence of ENSO on the upper atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and, in particular, on the upper atmosphere of Eastern Siberia is estimated using model calculations and reanalysis data. The results of the analysis show that the large-scale structures of the atmospheric response to the ENSO events in the Northern Hemisphere are similar according to modeling and reanalysis, yet the regions of Eastern Siberia are on the periphery of the main signal and there are significant differences in estimated effects from one case of El Niño and La Niña to another. In January, ENSO has the greatest impact on the middle atmosphere of the polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Over Eurasia and Eastern Siberia, the atmospheric response to the ENSO events turned out to be weak or absent.
A Flow-Based Formulation for Parallel Machine Scheduling Using Decision Diagrams
Authors: Kowalczyk Daniel , Leus Roel , Hojny Christopher , Røpke Stefan
Published: March 2024

We present a new flow-based formulation for identical parallel machine scheduling with a regular objective function and without idle time. The formulation is constructed with the help of a decision diagram that represents all job sequences that respect specific ordering rules. These rules rely on a partition of the planning horizon into, generally nonuniform, periods and do not exclude all optimal solutions, but they constrain solutions to adhere to a canonical form. The new formulation has numerous variables and constraints, and hence we apply a Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition to compute the linear programming relaxation in reasonable time; the resulting lower bound is stronger than the bound from the classical time-indexed formulation. We develop a branch-and-price framework that solves three instances from the literature for the first time. We compare the new formulation with the time-indexed and arc time–indexed formulation by means of a series of computational experiments.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete.

Funding: This work was partially funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under [Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant 754462].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0301 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0301 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
The role of affective commitment: Do servant leadership and non-physical work environment promote employee performance?
Authors: Ginting Josafat Gracia , Sopiah Sopiah , Suharsono Naswan
Published: March 2024

Maintaining the performance of a quality employee is the biggest challenge of the 4-star hotel industry in Malang City. The pandemic has caused hotels to experience a crisis due to a massive decline in occupancy. The economic crisis has made hotel management pay less attention to employee welfare during a hotel's recovery period. Employee welfare is a trigger for the expected performance instability. This study adopts an explanatory method with a quantitative approach. The study includes 242 participants employed in three 4-star hotels in Malang City. A sample of 151 respondents is chosen through stratified random sampling. Path analysis is used for data analysis. The results indicate that affective commitment, non-physical work environments, and servant leadership substantially impact employee performance. The association between employee performance and servant leadership may be partly influenced by affective commitment. However, affective commitment does not mediate the relationship between worker performance and the non-physical work environment.
Antecedents of loyalty to bank: The role of trust in cryptocurrency and concern in investing
Authors: Alifia Athalla Destya , Rafik Abdur
Published: March 2024

In recent years, cryptocurrency has become a topic frequently discussed by investors. Cryptocurrency is a type of digital money that was first intended to be used as a medium of exchange but has since evolved into an investment tool. This study examines the influence of cryptocurrency knowledge, trust in government, transaction speed, and herding behavior on trust in cryptocurrency. The impact of trust in cryptocurrency on concern about investing, the influence of trust in cryptocurrency on loyalty to banks, the influence of concern about investing on loyalty to banks, and the impact of trust in cryptocurrency on loyalty to banks mediated by concern about investing. The research respondents were from the general public, who knew about cryptocurrency, totaling 200 respondents. This study used a purposive sampling technique via Smart PLS. The results of this research show that cryptocurrency knowledge, transaction speed, and herding behavior positively affect trust in cryptocurrencies. By contrast, trust in the government does not significantly affect trust in cryptocurrencies. Trust in cryptocurrency has a negative effect on concern about investing, trust in cryptocurrency has a negative impact on loyalty to the bank, concern about investing has a positive effect on loyalty to the bank, and concern about investing mediates between trust in cryptocurrency and loyalty to the bank.
The role of green product as an intermediary of environmental attitude and environmental knowledge on green behavior
Authors: Jamal Fauziyah Nur , Aisa Nabila Na’ma , Othman Norfaridatul Akmaliah , Advincula Geraldine B. , Rohmah Wafrotur
Published: March 2024

The impact of global warming has made people aware of the importance of environmental preservation. Therefore, it is necessary to implement green product behavior in university environments. However, there is a need for more awareness among students about the use of green products. This research seeks to fill this research gap by developing appropriate green marketing strategies that help implement environmentally friendly behavior in students. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of green products on the influence of environmental knowledge and attitude on the green behavior of students. The sample consisted of 30 respondents, selected using a non-probability sampling technique. The collected data were subsequently processed using Smart PLS. The results show a mediating role of green products on the influence of environmental knowledge and attitude on student green behavior.
Difference of effectiveness between educational video media and PowerPoint on sedentary lifestyle on students’ knowledge
Authors: Sadida Tsamarah Qaulan , Salawati Trixie , Rokhani Rokhani , Ibrahim Mustefa , Jatmika Septian Emma Dwi
Published: March 2024

Living a sedentary lifestyle entails engaging in minimal physical activity and getting insufficient exercise. One of the common repercussions of sedentary habits among adolescents is obesity. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, students often studied online, spending prolonged hours in front of computer screens. This shift to remote learning exacerbated the sedentary behavior already prevalent among adolescents, potentially worsening the risk of obesity and other associated health issues. To mitigate the detrimental effects of a sedentary lifestyle, this research aimed to enhance students' comprehension of relevant information on a sedentary lifestyle. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was used in this kind of study. Using the purposive sampling technique, the study sample consisted of 72 students from class X: 36 respondents from class X-1 were assigned to the instructional video media group, while 36 respondents from class X-2 were assigned to the PowerPoint group. A pre-test questionnaire was distributed to each group, followed by interventions and a post-test questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the data between groups, while the Wilcoxon test was used to analyze each group's data. After using PowerPoint and video media as an intervention, there was a significant difference in the respondents' knowledge level, with p values being the same (p value=0.000). The treatment group that used educational video media and the group that used PowerPoint media differed in effectiveness (p value=0.015). After receiving an intervention using a PowerPoint and video, the respondents' level of knowledge increased. Compared to PowerPoint presentations, educational videos are a more effective way to enhance understanding of inactive lifestyles. A remarkable opportunity exists to enhance adolescents' understanding of the importance of leading an active lifestyle by harnessing the potential of video media as an instrumental tool.
Concentration of isolated DNA face masks made of gelatin for halal authentication
Authors: Hikmah Nazila Nur , Guntarti Any , Salamah Nina
Published: March 2024

The function of using a face mask is to remove dirt and dead skin cells found in the pores of the skin, open clogged pores and clean the remaining cosmetics that cannot remove with ordinary cleansers, repair and tighten the skin, provide nutrition, smooth, soften and maintain skin moisture. People are aware of halal-labeled cosmetics, one of which is face masks because some face masks contain gelatin. Some face masks on the market contain gelatin. Preparation of 5 reference samples with different concentrations. Preparation of face masks, DNA isolation, and checking the isolation results. The test results with the Nanodrop Spectrophotometer showed that the face mask DNA containing pig and cow gelatin extracted in this study ranged from 163.35 ng/µl in sample S6 to 83.550 ng/µl in sample S7. With the largest concentrations of 163.35 ng/µl and 83.550 ng/µl, while the highest purity value at the λ260/λ280 ratio was 1.41.
Creating joy
Authors: Baker Cat , Wright Joseph
Published: March 2024

In part one of this digital Practice Insight Supplement, staff at Paint Pots nurseries and pre-schools showcase their practice. Cat Baker Group manager, discusses her thoughts on social media and why it can be a force for good, in the Early Years Community Corner column. In the Experience Case Study, Joseph Wright, Business manager outlines the importance of joy and what it means to prioritise this in the nursery.
A Study on the Supply of Private-Sale Apartments in Public Housing Districts and the Subject of Administrative Charges
Authors: Kim Jonggyun
Published: March 2024

Since the first general law on rental housing—a type of public housing—was implemented in 1985, the scope of public housing has now expanded beyond rental housing to pre-sale housing, which was mandated by the Bogeumjari Housing Act in 2009. To supply public housing on a timely and large scale, public housing districts must be established first, which is the driving force behind the possibility of land acceptance according to public needs. Focusing on the Bogeumjari Housing Act, which first introduced the concept of public housing for sale, we examine the creation and supply of housing districts as well as the construction and supply procedures of housing and compare them with the Housing Site Development Promotion Act and the Housing Act applied to private housing. After the public housing district was established by the acceptance method, in addition to the construction of public housing in the district, a path for private housing could be developed by selling some of the district’s land to the private sector within the current legal framework. However, creating land for the public interest and then selling it to the private sector can result in the same problems as those raised in the Housing Site Development Promotion Act. The Housing Site Development Promotion Act conducted land expropriation for the large-scale new city development; however, it gradually became powerless against opposition from landowners owing to the cultivation of a sense of rights. The Roost Housing Act can be viewed as a means to bypass these problems. When a large-scale housing district is created for housing construction, measures to improve wide-area transportation must be implemented, and appropriate wide-area transportation facility charges may be imposed. At this point, it may be unclear whether the levy is imposed at the formation of a housing district or at the housing construction stage. As the Bogeumjari Housing Act focuses on the creation of a district, imposing a levy during the formation of the housing district may be more justified from the perspective of a housing site development plan.
Mainstreaming Enforcement for the Victims of Environmental Pollution: Towards Effective Allocation of Legislative Competence under a Federal Constitution
Authors: Emeseh Engobo
Published: March 2024

One of the key features which characterise the severe pollution and degradation of the Niger Delta environment from oil industry activities has been the absence of justice for the victims. The failure on the part of the regulatory agencies to hold perpetrators accountable for environmental pollution is linked to weak and ineffective legislative and institutional frameworks. To this end, a lot of attention has been paid to the need for review of specific laws. However, while conceding the need for review of various laws, this paper argues that the challenge to enforcement transcends merely ‘fixing’ individual laws, to the Federal Constitution upon which the overall framework for regulation and enforcement is based. Specifically, the paper analyses the allocation of legislative competence between various levels of government under the Federal Constitution and the implications of this for effective environmental enforcement. The analysis draws from experiences in other countries – the US and India – with similar legal systems and Federal Constitution.
The Contaminated Land Regime — New Guidance and a New Philosophy?
Authors: Lees Emma
Published: March 2024

This article examines the new contaminated land guidance for England published in April 2012, and the underlying tensions apparent in the philosophy behind the changes made to the previous guidance contained in Defra Circular 01/2006. It looks, in particular, at the approach that the new document takes in relation to scientific uncertainty and risk management, as well as considering the ‘new’ presumption against a determination of contamination, the reliance on the precautionary principle, and the treatment of background contamination. It also examines the conflict apparent in the document between local decision-making and nationally mandated goals and processes. In attempting to ensure that regulatory intervention has a net benefit, the guidance both allows local flexibility and heavily prescribes that flexibility. The resulting document, it is suggested, is a compromise and one full of tensions. It was designed to simplify and clarify the pre-existing contaminated land regime, and although in some areas, such as cost recovery, it achieves this, it brings new challenges to enforcing authorities. The new approach can best be seen, however, as a genuine attempt at a response to the difficulties of decision-making in this area. It is important that uncertainty and difficulty in examining and applying the new guidance do not become excuses for inaction.
Testimony as Justice: An Anti-Carceral Transformative Feminist Response to Sexual Violence and Abusive International Marriages
Authors: Pha Kong Pheng
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Sexual and domestic violence have long been a reality for Asian American women. This article examines the history and strategies of a Hmong American feminist social movement called Building Our Future (BOF) to understand how one group of Asian American women have devised creative methods to address sexual and domestic violence in their families and communities. Exploring the concept of “testimony as justice” against violence and enacting long-term social transformation, especially as it manifests through the exploitative practice of abusive international marriages, this article shows how BOF challenges dominant and carceral responses to sexual and domestic violence. BOF’s insistence on addressing the root causes of sexual and domestic violence through their strategic usage of social media, community dialogues, and personal testimonies reveals how Asian American feminist movement building can be sustained by engaging a wide array of constituencies. These strategies challenge the neoliberal female subject seeking justice through the criminal legal system and, instead, situates justice within the context of communal transformation. The article ultimately argues that BOF’s strategies of “speaking out” about abusive international marriages outside the context of the criminal legal system while seeking to transform the entire Hmong American community constitutes a unique site for understanding anti-carceral transformative feminist visions of testimony as justice for survivors of sexual and domestic violence.
Living an Abolitionist Life
Authors: Moncada Storti Anna M.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: “Living an Abolitionist Life” is at once a testimony to the everyday praxis of abolition feminism and a theoretical framework for understanding the abolitionist impulse characteristic of an anti-carceral Asian American feminist praxis. Using Sara Ahmed’s feminist scholarship as a guide, the author observes various shifts from the individual to the collective, distilling the urgency of abolition feminism into a praxis of everyday choices. The first case study sits with the cultural politics of emotion, reviewing reactions to anti-Asian racism during the COVID-19 pandemic including discourse surrounding calls for hate crimes legislation and mass appeal through the hashtag #StopAsianHate. Next, the author considers collective care through Ahmed’s notion of “becoming a feminist ear,” foregrounding 18 Million Rising, an Asian American digital-first organization that authored Call on Me, Not the Cops , an intergenerational resistance to policing. The article ends with a discussion on orientation and orientalism, revisiting the case of Yang Song, a Chinese migrant massage worker who fell four stories to her death in Flushing, Queens during a police raid in 2017. Holding on to the liberatory potential of Asian American abolition feminism, the author writes less with the intention to evidence the indisputable worth of Asian American abolition feminism and more to offer a way of noticing everyday gestures of being in political struggle by centering those who live abolitionist lives.
Private Practices, Promiscuous Archives
Authors: Holton Delaney Chieyen
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This essay mobilizes critical archival studies and Tonia Sutherland’s notion of “the carceral archive” in dialogue with Asian American feminist praxis to propose the framework of promiscuous archives, which seeks to harness the power and resources of archives towards unconventional, liberatory aims directed by community need. I draw principally from the concrete archival practices employed by the “Private Practices: AAPI Artist and Sex Worker Collection” at the Los Angeles Contemporary Archive to ask: What can abolitionist knowledge practices look like? What can archives learn from sex workers? Weaving critique of carceral narratives around sex workers with interrogation of the logics of capture and surveillance that direct archival practice, the essay presents promiscuity as an exploratory strategy of collaboration, proliferation, and usurpation that radically expands the porosity of archives, challenging the temporality, affective charge, and social role of archival repositories.
Envisioning Abolition in Our Local Asian American Communities
Authors: Luu Linda , Ozbek Anna , Mohapatra Mon
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The Chinatown Art Brigade hosted a teach-in in 2021 inspired by the uprisings for Black liberation and growing public discussion of abolitionist demands during the summer of 2020. The public dialogue highlighted the myriad ways Asian American leftist movements resist the carceral state through work in housing justice, mutual aid, sex worker organizing, racial justice, participatory defense, and prisoner solidarity.
The OVS order in Russian: Where are the O and the V?
Authors: Pereltsvaig Asya M.
Published: March 2024

abstract: The non-canonical OVS order is Russian is reconsidered and argued to be derived not by a head-final v P- or VP-fronting (as, for example, in Kalin’s (2014) analysis of Hixkaryana), nor by fronting the O into a left-peripheral position. Rather, it is argued that Russian OVS is derived by A movement of the object into Spec-TP. Furthermore, the Fronted VP Scope Freezing diagnostic is used to show that there is no (remnant) verb phrase fronting in the derivation of the Russian OVS. It is also argued that the verb does not raise via Head Movement. It thus follows that the post-verbal position of the S is derived by a rightward movement of the subject to a low adjoined position.
Licensing of DP/PRO embedded subjects in Russian
Authors: Burukina Irina
Published: March 2024

abstract: The paper contributes to the ongoing discussion of DP/PRO alternation examining properties of Russian evaluative adjectival predicatives that embed a non-finite clause (i.e. važno ‘important’) and arguing that (i) sentences with these predicates and an embedded non-finite clause are ambiguous between obligatory control and overt embedded subject analyses, (ii) the DP/PRO alternation does not correlate with the feature specification or the structural size of an embedded clause, (iii) the alternation is not free and can be formally accounted for by an analysis in terms of cross-clausal licensing of embedded overt DP subjects. The novel data from Russian challenge existing approaches to DP/PRO distribution and non-finite subordination in Slavic languages and provide further support for (a version of) Case filter.
Moments of Meaning-Making V: M–O
Authors: Bal Mieke
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The three short pieces below are part of an alphabetically ordered series of entries, which, together, will constitute a non-subject-centered autobiography. Professional memories are merged with personal ones. To underline the fragmentary nature of memory, I call them "vignettes."