bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges of targeting tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer
Authors: Li Guoliang , Chen Zhenbang
Published: August 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in American men. PCa patients often die of the aggressive forms of the malignancy at advanced stages such as distant metastasis. There are urgent need to understand the molecular mechanisms driving PCa progression and subsequently develop efficient therapeutics to improve men’s health in the US as well as the world. Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been realized to play a critical role in PCa progression and metastasis, and targeting key factors of the TME has become the logical strategy for efficiently controlling PCa malignancy. Stromal cells in prostate tumors secrete growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that provide the TME to fuel cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This review will focus on several key factors influencing TME, which include cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), ECM remodeling, androgen receptor (AR) signaling, inflammation, and hypoxia. We will explain and analyze the biological roles of these factors and their important contributions to PCa malignancy, targeted therapeutics, and drug resistance. Furthermore, we will discuss the contributions of the dysregulation of epigenetic regulators to the complexity of the TME in PCa.
Reseña del libro: Comunicación Interna Total / Book review: Total internal communication
Authors: Matilla Kathy
Published: August 2024

Reseña del libro Comunicación Interna Total. Estrategia, práctica y casos, de Joan Cuenca y Laura Varazzi. Publicado por UOC (2020).AbstractBook review Total internal communication. Strategy, practice and case studies. Written by Joan Cuenca and Laura Verazzi. Edited by UOC (2020).
Book review: Committed employees, effective companies/ Reseña de libro: Empleados comprometidos, empresas eficaces
Authors: Castro-Martínez Andrea
Published: August 2024

Abstract:Committed employees, effective companies (Berceruelo & Estudio de Comunicación, 2020) is not only an enjoyable and interesting volume, but also a very useful tool for professionals in the field of communication, human resources, business management or public relations, as well as for researchers and academics. This is due to the fact that it tackles internal communication from a strategic perspective to make the organizational culture and values of an entity evolve, with the aim of reflecting internal audiences and promoting their sense of belonging by constituting the link between all of them at an individual level.Resumen:Empleados comprometidos, empresas eficaces (Berceruelo y Estudio de Comunicación, 2020) no sólo es un volumen ameno e interesante, sino también una herramienta muy útil para los profesionales de la comunicación, los recursos humanos, la gestión empresarial o las relaciones públicas, así como para los investigadores y académicos. Esto se debe a que aborda la comunicación interna desde una perspectiva estratégica para hacer evolucionar la cultura y los valores organizativos de una entidad, con el objetivo de reflejar los públicos internos y promover su sentido de pertenencia, constituyendo el vínculo entre todos ellos a nivel individual.
Artículos de empresas latinoamericanas en Wikipedia: Relación causal entre las variables acceso, participación y calidad
Authors: Llano Aristizábal Sergio , López Ospina Héctor
Published: August 2024

Wikipedia es un ejemplo paradigmático de colaboración en línea. A nivel organizacional, la presencia de contenidos relacionados con empresas e instituciones la ha convertido en un escenario alternativo para la gestión de redes sociales y la interacción con los grupos de interés. Para establecer la eventual relación causal entre variables destacadas (acceso, participación y calidad), se realizó un análisis estadístico inferencial y correlacional de datos de artículos de 40 empresas latinoamericanas. Los resultados muestran una causalidad condicional del aumento de la participación sobre la calidad de los artículos, así como un efecto positivo en las visitas. El resultado implica para las organizaciones enfrentar el dilema de fortalecer su presencia en Wikipedia sin violar el principio de neutralidad editorial por conflicto de intereses.
Cuando la crisis te hace visible: El caso de las memorias corporativas de Metro S.A
Authors: Labarca Claudia , De Simone Liliana
Published: August 2024

Las memorias corporativas tienen como mandato informar anualmente la situación financiera y organizacional de una empresa a sus stakeholders. Sin embargo, en tiempos especiales, las memorias pueden convertirse en un instrumento de vinculación que desborda el ámbito del relacionamiento del Gobierno Corporativo con sus inversionistas, superando su tradicional uso como mero producto comunicacional. Este artículo postula que las memorias corporativas  pueden ser una oportunidad para comunicarse con públicos que normalmente son invisibilizados y excluidos de estos instrumentos comunicacionales, destrabando crisis institucionales. Este es el caso de la empresa público-privada de transporte metropolitano de Santiago de Chile,  Metro S.A., que fue foco de la vandalización durante las protestas de octubre 2019. Ocupando un enfoque retrospectivo de análisis de contenido y discursos, este trabajo analiza las memorias corporativas de dicha empresa emitidas entre 2016 al 2022, y reflexiona sobre el giro comunicacional posterior a dos hechos que cambiaron radicalmente el entorno de esta organización: la revuelta de 2019 y la pandemia COVID 19.
Comunicación en las organizaciones: contribuciones a las revistas académicas europeas.- Communication and Organization: contribution to a rewiew of the European academic literature
Authors: Bouzon Arlette
Published: August 2024

Los estudios y los trabajos de investigación sobre la comunicación en las organizaciones, hasta hace quince años, habían permanecido marginales, pero en estos últimos años han cobrado fuerza y se han convertido en el objeto principal de investigación para muchos investigadores de la Información y Ciencias de Comunicación (CCI). Ahora se investiga con fundamentos teóricos propios, mientras que antes se investigaba con fundamentos de otras disciplinas, como la Sociología. Al principio, las investigaciones se centraban en el ámbito empresarial y del negocio, pero gradualmente se han abierto a organizaciones en general, como con clubs y asociaciones o ayuntamientos, por citar algunos ejemplos.
Impacto de la Comunicación Corporativa.- Impact of Corporate Communication
Authors: Canelón Agrivalca
Published: August 2024

Valoración de Intangibles: la eterna búsqueda del Santo Grial, por Agrivalca Canelón.
El rol de las publicaciones científicas en Comunicación en el EEES: indexación e impacto.-The role of scientific publication in Communication in the EHEA: indexing and impact
Authors: Castillo Esparcia Antonio
Published: August 2024

Los científicos tienen como principal aspectos de expresión las revistas científicas. Nacidas en el siglo XVII desarrollan un papel de difusión sobre el avance de la ciencia. Sin embargo, las publicaciones científicas son también instrumentos de poder en el contexto internacional al centrarse su edición en determinados países. Este artículo supone una introducción al modelo actual de publicaciones científicas.
El director de comunicación del cambio.- Communication Manager of the change
Authors: Mut Camacho Magdalena
Published: August 2024

El momento histórico de crisis e incertidumbre en el que nos hallamos instiga este artículo.  En este trabajo se aúnan dos cuestiones actuales, por un lado la perpleja situación económico-social en el contexto de cambio en el que vivimos y, por tanto, la necesidad de actuar como desafío al que se enfrentan las organizaciones; y por otro, la pérdida de la confianza en las empresas motivada por las circunstancias que vivimos y el ineludible papel que el dircom tiene dentro de la empresa como gestor de la confianza.Esta trascendente misión como vigilante de la confianza le lleva a adoptar un papel que se fundamenta en su habilidad e influencia ejecutiva para ser motor de cambio. Cambio interpretado en dos ámbitos, en la empresa y en la sociedad, haciendo evolucionar ambas.De esta forma, tras el análisis de diferentes estudios cuantitativos sobre la figura del dircom y sobre la situación actual, cotejando ideas y entrelazándolas iremos perfilando esta función del dircom tan importante y que, bien entendida y bien asimilada en la cultura corporativa y la estructura de la organización, le confiere su auténtica dimensión estratégica y gestora dentro de la organización.
The importance of scale in Occupy movement protests: a case study of a local Occupy protest as a tool of communication through Public Relations and Social Media/La importancia de la magnitud de las protestas del movimiento Occupy: el caso de una protesta
Authors: Adi Ana , Moloney Kevin
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the persuasive communications (public relations and branding through social media) of a micro Occupy event, namely a nine-day appearance of the global protest movement at Bournemouth University (BU), on the south coast of the UK. It reflects on how student and town protesters used digital and social media in comparison to the wider and more successful UK movement. It interviews the student leader, and asks questions about the role social networks like Occupii.org played in formulating communication strategies as well as how they integrated with more popular social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter. The conclusions coming from our micro case study suggest that without a supportive geographic and civic location; clear and focused messages, and robust strategic communication planning and execution, Occupy events will remain very small.ResumenEste artículo explora las comunicaciones persuasivas (relaciones públicas y branding a través de los medios de comunicación social) de un minúsculo evento de Ocupación, la Ocupación de nueve días del campus de la Universidad  de Bournemouth (BU), en la costa sur del Reino Unido. El articulo refleja cómo los ciudadanos y estudiantes manifestantes utilizan los medios digitales y sociales y los compara con el movimiento más amplio y exitoso de Ocupación en el Reino Unido. En este artículo se incluye la entrevista al líder estudiantil del movimiento, con preguntas sobre cómo el papel que redes sociales como Occupii.org han jugado en la formulación de estrategias de comunicación de ese grupo, y como el grupo integra sus comunicaciones con las plataformas sociales más populares como Facebook y Twitter. Las conclusiones de nuestro estudio sugieren que sin una ubicación geográfica favorable y cívica, sin mensajes claros y concretos, y sin una sólida y planificada estrategia de  comunicación, las Ocupaciones se quedarán muy pequeñas.
Como identificar o usuário-mídia, o formador de opinião online no ambiente das mídias sociais/How to identify the user-media, the on-line opinion maker in social media environment
Authors: Frazon Terra Carolina
Published: August 2024

Resumo Este artigo objetiva entender quem são os influenciadores do meio digital, a quem denominamos de usuários-mídia, bem como apresentar opções e sinônimos teóricos desenvolvidos por autores de renome no mundo das mídias sociais e da comunicação digital e relacioná-lo ao formador de opinião on-line. Também visa apresentar como a comunicação organizacional pode tratar tal usuário, identificá-lo e categorizá-lo e mostra números e pesquisas que denotam a importância do usuário comum das mídias sociais que, imbuído do poder de expressão proporcionado pelas redes on-line, consegue voz e ainda convence e influencia seus pares e seguidores com suas opiniões, experiências e vivências. Apresentamos, por fim, a título ilustrativo, uma tabela de como classificar um usuário de internet como influenciador ou não. Todo o artigo baseia-se na metodologia da revisão bibliográfica em conjunto com experiências práticas testadas pela autora no ambiente das mídias sociais. Palavras-chave: Usuário-mídia; mídias sociais; redes sociais on-line; formador de opinião on-line; comunicação organizacional.  Abstract The article aims to understand who are the on-line opinion makers, which we call users-media, as well to introduce options and theoretical synonyms, developed by well-known authors of social media and digital communication. Also has the objective of presenting how corporate communication can treat and build relationships with the user-media, how to identify and categorize them and show some numbers and researches that can demonstrate the common web user relevance because of their power of expression provided by on-line networks. This kind of user is able to have voice, convincement and power of influence on its followers, friends and pairs because of its opinions and experiences. We present, lastly, as an example of practical application, a table of how to classify an internet user as an influencer or not. The whole article is based on the methodology of the literature review with practical experiments tested by the author in the environment of social media. Keywords: User-media; social media; on-line social networks; on-line opinion maker; corporate communications.
Los encuadres sanitarios en prensa. Gripe A y bacteria e.coli. / The Sanitary framing in Spanish press: Swine flu virus and E. coli bacterium
Authors: López Villafranca Paloma
Published: August 2024

En la siguiente investigación se analizan los encuadres  sobre dos crisis sanitarias, gripe A y bacteria e.coli en prensa, en los diarios de mayor tirada; El País, El Mundo y ABC. En este estudio se reflejá cómo se produce un enfoque muy distinto de ambas crisis y la  influencia en estos encuadres e importancia de las fuentes institucionales como principales portadoras de información frente a las fuentes sanitarias o científicas, con escasa relevancia para la prensa española.AbstractThe following analysis is focused on the approach made by newspapers such as El País, El Mundo and ABC about the sanitary crisis of A Flu and E.coli bacteria. The methodology used is the analysis of content of a wide range of news samples generated during both crisis. As a result of this analysis it is made clear that both crises have been approached by Spanish press in different ways, giving more importance to government and official sources in opposition to the lack of relevance given to scientific or sanitary ones.
Auditorías de Relaciones Públicas, libro de Joan Cuenca Fontbona
Authors: García Ponce Damián
Published: August 2024

Reseña del libro de Joan Cuenca Fontbona, Las Auditorías de relaciones públicas.
Presentación/Presentation
Authors: Almansa Martínez Ana
Published: August 2024

Presentación del número, a cargo de los corrdinadores: Luiz Alberto Farias y Benoit Cordelier.
Portada/Cover
Authors: RUIZ MORA ISABEL
Published: August 2024

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La gestión cultural y del ocio como estrategia de relación con los públicos / Cultural and entertainment management as a strategy of public relation
Authors: Viñarás Abad Mónica , Herranz José María , Cabezuelo Lorenzo Francisco
Published: August 2024

La cultura y el ocio son en la actualidad una de las herramientas de participación y relación entre las organizaciones y la sociedad que mayor desarrollo viven. Las empresas saben que formar parte de los momentos de disfrute y entretenimiento de los públicos con los que se relacionan,  es una manera eficaz de participar y mejorar el vínculo con ellos. Las formas y técnicas que existen para fomentar y formar parte de esta  oferta es muy variada, desde las acciones de patrocinio hasta nuevas estrategias basadas en la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC). Entre ambas, todo un abanico de opciones para interactuar con los públicos a través de la cultura, pero no todas igual de  eficaces. Este trabajo, tras elaborar un marco teórico sobre estas disciplinas, propone un modelo para poder determinar la eficacia de estas iniciativas, basado en dos criterios: el grado de gestión y el nivel de vinculación de la empresa con la acción cultural. Estos criterios permiten dar un valor cuantitativo a la eficacia de estas acciones basándose en la participación que generan.
Reseña del libro "¿Ser o perecer? Sustentabilidad y comunicación en las organizaciones".
Authors: Velasco Guardado José Manuel
Published: August 2024

El autor, Hernán Dinamarca, aporta sólidos argumentos científicos y éticos para ligar sustentabilidad, comunicación y actividad empresarial. Un gran desafío para las empresas y, en particular, para los profesionales de la comunicación.
La Gestión de la Comunicación Externa Online con los Visitantes en los Museos y Centros de Arte Malagueños /The Online External Communication Management with the Visiting Public in Museums and Art Centers in Málaga
Authors: Soler Humanes Ana
Published: August 2024

La siguiente investigación analiza la gestión de la comunicación externa online con el público visitante en los museos y centros de arte malagueños, centrándose en el uso de páginas web y plataformas 2.0 para cumplir sus objetivos. La muestra abarca a los tres museos más visitados de Málaga: Museo Picasso, Museo Carmen Thyssen y Centro de Arte Contemporáneo (CAC). Los resultados obtenidos prueban que la comunicación de los museos en internet continúa manteniendo un carácter tradicional, si bien se observan claros avances en la adaptación al entorno digital.The following research analyses the management of the online external communication with the visiting public in museums and art centers in Málaga, focusing on the use of web pages and 2.0 platforms to attain their objectives. The sample includes the three most visited museums in Málaga: Picasso Museum, Carmen Thyssen Museum and the Contemporary Art Center (CAC). The results show that communication online of the museums keeps being traditional, although there is a clear progress in adapting to the digital environment.
TripAdvisor y el comportamiento de planificación y reservas de los portugueses / New Challenges in Public Relations 2.0: The growing influence of online review platforms in Tourism
Authors: Wichels Susana
Published: August 2024

La influencia de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en el sector turístico y en especial en la promoción, distribución y comercialización de los productos y servicios turísticos es ampliamente conocida. Las aplicaciones Web 2.0 basadas en comentarios y valoraciones de usuarios a escala mundial, en concreto TripAdvisor, influencian las prácticas en comunicación turística y obligan a una cuidada gestión de la reputación online. A fin de determinar cómo estas aplicaciones afectan al comportamiento de planificación y reservas de productos y servicios turísticos, hicimos un estudio basado en encuesta dirigida a turistas portugueses y entrevistamos la directora de comunicación de TripAdvisor, Blanca Zayas.
Do Public Relations and Journalism’s Converging Roles Affect How They Perceive Each Other? An Italian Outlook / ¿Cómo perciben los Relaciones Públicas y los Periodistas sus profesiones? Una mirada desde Italia
Authors: Valentini Chiara
Published: August 2024

Media relations is historically a core activity qualifying public relations from other communication-related professions and is widely practiced in many organizations. Despite the increasing use of digital media to directly communicate with publics, journalists are still key stakeholders for organizations. Also communications by organizations have become more and more mediatized and at the same time more and more journalists are switching to a public relations career. Yet, if more journalists are becoming public relations practitioners and more public relations practitioners are adopting journalistic working practices, does this change the way these communicators perceive themselves and the other profession?  The aim of this study is to provide some insights from a southern, Latin country, Italy, on how Italian public relations practitioners and journalists perceive their and the other profession, roles, practices and relationships. A mixed method, including face-to-face interviews and an online survey, was used to collect and analyse the data. Results indicate that public relations and journalism’s converging roles is affecting how these communicators perceive each other in a favorable manner. Furthermore, the impact is more evident in public relations practitioners since their opinions of journalism and journalists correspond to journalists’ self-evaluations.
Presentación / Presentation
Authors: ALMANSA-MARTÍNEZ ANA
Published: August 2024

Sin duda, las Relaciones Públicas desempeñan un papel fundamental en el mundo actual. Por eso, hemos querido titular este número, precisamente, Relaciones Públicas en el mundo actual.Por lo tanto, presentamos en este Número 11, Volumen VI, los resultados de diferentes y variadas investigaciones, tanto por las temáticas abordadas, como por los métodos de investigación empleados por los autores. De este modo, la Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas sigue siendo una plataforma para difundir los estudios sobre Relaciones Públicas en diversos países y es un exponente de la investigación que en el mundo actual se está llevando a cabo. Confiamos en que este número sea de su interés y en que estas páginas les resulten útiles. ¡Buena lectura!.
Reseña Técnica de organización de eventos / Bookreview Técnica de organización de eventos
Authors: Pulido Polo Marta
Published: August 2024

Reseña del libro Técnica de organización de eventos publicado por María Dolores del Mar Sánchez en la editorial Síntesis.
Presentación / Presentation
Authors: Ruiz-Mora Isabel
Published: August 2024

Presentación / Presentation
Código Ético / Ethic Code
Authors: Ruiz-Mora Isabel
Published: August 2024

Código Ético / Code of Ethics
Investigating the Role of Hyper Density Signal Length in the Middle Cerebral Artery on the Degree of Disability of Arterial Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Erfani Ali , Aghamiri Seyed Hossein , Karimi Roya
Published: August 2024

Background: Intravenous alteplase is a drug treatment administered as an emergency measure within the early hours of patient admission. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the role of hyperdense signal length in the middle cerebral artery on the degree of disability in patients with arterial ischemic stroke who exhibit evidence of vascular involvement. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with stroke who were referred to the emergency department of Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran were included. The tools used were the demographic profile form and the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). At the time of admission, the demographic profile form and the mRS tool were completed. The mRS tool was then administered again at discharge and 3 months after discharge. Following data collection, the patients' information was entered into SPSS version 16 software for analysis. Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between the patient's age and the disability score at admission (P = 0.11). However, at discharge and 3 months after discharge, the level of disability had a significant relationship with the patient's age, with younger patients reporting less disability. Additionally, after admission and thrombectomy, the patient's disability status significantly improved compared to the status at admission (P = 0.000). The mean ± SD mRS score at admission was 4.78 ± 0.44, while at discharge it was 3.94 ± 1.84. The mean ± SD disability score 3 months after discharge decreased from 4.78 ± 0.44 to 3.72 ± 2.25. This reduction compared to the discharge score was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). Conclusions: Older patients and those with higher middle cerebral artery (MCA) levels reported greater disability. Therefore, it is necessary to implement preventive measures to address this issue.
Knowledge and Practice of Iranian Dentists Regarding Post Space Preparation and Coronal Reconstruction of Endodontically Treated Teeth
Authors: Kebriyaei Elahe , Mahboubi Shiva
Published: August 2024

Background: Due to severe coronal destruction in endodontically treated teeth (ETT), the canal space is often utilized to provide retention for the core material. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge level and practices of Iranian dentists regarding post space preparation and coronal reconstruction of ETT. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 117 dentists at Kurdistan province in 2021. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire. The first part included 6 questions regarding the demographic information of the participants. The second part comprised 10 questions regarding the methods of post space preparation and coronal reconstruction of ETT. SPSS-20 software was used to analyze the data, calculating frequency (%), mean, and standard deviation. Results: 44.4% of the participants used amalgam along with a prefabricated post, 59% correctly identified the definition of the ferrule effect, and 87.2% believed that the ferrule effect increases fracture resistance. Additionally, 39.3% reported preparing the post space immediately after obturation; 91.5% used rotary instruments for removing root filling material, 93.2% reported cleaning the post space prior to cementation of the intracanal post, and 35.9% used saline for this purpose. Moreover, 72.9% believed that teeth with post and core necessarily require a prosthetic crown, and 94% used full-coverage crowns for ETT. Coronal fracture was reported by 62.4% as the most common cause of failure of ETT. Conclusions: The knowledge level of dental clinicians regarding post space preparation and coronal reconstruction of ETT was moderate, while their practice level was poor. The most common variables that had a significant relationship were age and academic degree.
On Making a Living Teaching and Learning Christian Ethics
Authors: Long D. Stephen ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2024

What is the work that we do teaching and learning Christian ethics? This essay addresses the form and content of an answer to that question, suggesting that the content of our discipline implicitly and explicitly resists the form of the managed university within which it is often taught.
Community Based Adaptation To Climate Change And Social Economic In Xe Champhone Wetland, Champhone District, Savannakhet Province
Authors: Siharath Phoummixay , Somchay Vilaychaleun  , Khampasith Thammathevo  , Keophousone Phonhalath  , Soulyphan Kannitha  , Chankhachone Sonemanivong  , Keoduangchai Keokhamphui  , Phaiphana Siharath
Published: August 2024

Climate change is key significant factor that impacts on multi-dimensions, which is relevant to social economic development, livelihood and environment, hence, Community Based Adaptation (CBA) to climate change is a mechanism of adapting based on the existing practices, knowledge, policy and experiences of the rice farmers to sustain their lives on changing climate, the objective of the study is to assess the social economic and find the  practice management of rice farmers to adapt during flood and drought seasons. Hence, according to the research finds that, majority of the rice farmers are experienced and learnt from the previous effect and adjust themselves by using knowledge skills, experiences to build the resilience for their rice and crop planting in order to prevent and avoid the damages from climate change within the wetland. Besides that, the local communities still utilize the existing potential natural based adaptation to be flexible sustainably their agricultural activities and livelihood during rainy and dry season
Improved Deuterium Metabolic Imaging of Cancer by CSI-SSFP MRSI
Authors: Montrazi Elton , Peters Dana , Sasson Keren , Agemy Lilach , Scherz Avigdor , Frydman Lucio
Published: August 2024

Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a promising tool for studying tumor metabolism. In DMI [6,6’-2H2]-glucose is uptaken by tumors, leading to the formation of HDO and of [3,3’-2H2]-lactate as result of Warburg effect. DMI’s biggest challenge is SNR, consequence of 2H’s low Larmor frequency and the low concentrations of the targets. Depending on the type and size of the tumor, this can bring the key lactate signal below the noise level. This work explores weighted chemical shift imaging (CSI) methodologies for DMI based on SSFP sequences, providing improved lactate sensitivity over recently discussed CSI and multi-echo (ME) SSFP approaches.
Dynamic functional network connectivity in neonatal brain
Authors: Li Ruolin , Wu Yihan , Shuai Yifan , Zhao Zhiyong , Wu Dan
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to explore the changes of dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) with age in neonatal brain. We used independent component analysis to extract 17 resting-state networks, and calculated their static and dynamic FNC (sFNC/dFNC). We found that the variance of dFNC significantly correlated with GA, and the sFNC significantly correlated with PMA controlling GA as a covariate. Moreover, the preterm- than term-born neonates showed decreased variances of dFNC between almost all networks, and altered sFNC between several networks. These findings suggest that the time-varying FNCs are modulated more by maternal environment than postnatal experience during early brain development.
Quantitative Magnetization EXchange (MEX) MRI Measurement of Liver Fibrosis Model in Rodents
Authors: Wilczynski Ella , Sasson Efrat , Eliav Uzi , Navon Gil , Nevo Uri
Published: August 2024

Quantitative MRI can elucidate the complex microstructural changes in liver disease. The MEX method estimates macromolecular fraction, such as collagen, and can potentially aid in this task. Rats and mice were given CCl4 to induce liver fibrosis and canned using a 7T scanner with MEX sequence (selective suppression and magnetization exchange) and macromolecular fraction (F) and T1 were extracted. Histology quantitative evaluation of collagen and inflammation scoring was conducted. F-values of fibrotic rats and mice were significantly increased and correlated with quantitative collagen percentage. T1 was significantly elevated with higher inflammation scores.
Development and Analysis of MRI-Derived Carpal Motion Data Elements
Authors: Koch Kevin , Nencka Andrew , Zarenia Mohammad , Mannem Rajeev
Published: August 2024

We present the construction and analysis of dynamic carpal data elements derived from 4D-MRI of the moving wrist. Across a clinically asymptomatic cohort of 31 subjects, dynamic data elements were constructed from capitate-normalized profiles of the scaphoid and lunate bones in a subject-specific radius-based coordinate system. Along with computing stability estimates of these measures, they are utilized to perform preliminary logistic regression modeling of radiologically-identified asymptomatic abnormalities within the study cohort. The results of this analysis suggests that the derived data elements have promising capabilities for characterizing carpal pathology and abnormalities.
Fast localized calibration for spatial-spectral excitation without fly-back gradients
Authors: Schär Michael , Weiss Robert , Hays Allison
Published: August 2024

Spiral MRI requires fat suppression because fat and other off-resonant spins are blurred. For fast cardiac spiral MRI at 3T, spectral-spatial water-only excitation is often used. Standard spectral-spatial pulses apply a fly-back gradient, limiting how thin the slices can be (>4mm). Without fly-back gradients slices can be as thin as ~1.7mm, but require a phase calibration for the radiofrequency sub-pulses with inverted gradients due to system imperfections. Here we propose and test a fast (<1s), localized pre scan enabling thin-slice water only excitation. As a potential application we show spiral multi-slice coronary angiography images acquired in a single breath-hold.
Accelerating Dynamic Imaging in SimulScan: Simultaneous Functional MRI and Dynamic Imaging of Tongue Motion
Authors: Sutton Bradley , Malandraki Georgia , Jin Riwei , Marchini Charles , Anderson Aaron , Arnold Paul , Liang Zhi-Pei
Published: August 2024

Leveraging low rank and Partial Separability models, the SimulScan sequence and reconstruction was updated to drastically improve the quality and speed of dynamic imaging. This enables simultaneous functional MRI and dynamic imaging of oropharyngeal motions to be examined despite the many air/tissue interfaces. We demonstrate the improvement on a healthy adult performing a self-paced tongue tapping during the scan. The improved imaging will enable the examination of neural control of fine scale articulatory and oral movements critical for speech, feeding, and swallowing events.
Spherical Echo-Planar Time-resolved Imaging (sEPTI) for 3D highly-accelerated, distortion-free, time-resolved whole-brain T2* mapping
Authors: Wang Nan , Brackenier Yannick , Liao Congyu , Iyer Siddharth , Cao Xiaozhi , Haldar Justin , Setsompop Kawin
Published: August 2024

EPTI is a rapid time-resolved quantitative imaging method. In this work, we developed a spherical EPTI sampling trajectory (sEPTI) to improve its speed. To achieve fast imaging, sEPTI traverses a tight 3D spherical k-space using full ramp-sampling and variable echo-spacing, which also desirably increases its spatiotemporal incoherency. sEPTI was demonstrated in vivo to provide improved imaging performance over conventional block 3D-EPTI that requires 1.4x longer scan; achieving high-quality 1mm isotropic whole-brain proton-density and T2* maps in 48s. As part of this work, a novel and effective reconstruction approach to mitigate high-spatial-order ghosts in echo-planar acquisitions was also developed.
Ultrashort-echo time magnetization transfer (UTE-MT) for brain iron imaging
Authors: Monsivais Humberto , Nossa Gianna , Hong Seokkyoon , Park Taewoong , Erdil Fethi , Shen Xin , Susnjar Antonia , Özen Ali , Ilbey Serhat , Chiew Mark , Huber Jessica , Dydak Ulrike , Emir Uzay
Published: August 2024

We have established a novel 3D dual-echo UTE-MT imaging method to assess hyperintense T1w signal in iron-rich brain areas by eliminating the ultra-short T2 constituents of the myelin signal via the magnetization transfer (MT) technique. Our preliminary results show improved positive image contrast in deep brain areas such as the substantia nigra (SN) and the LC. Other iron-rich areas in the basal ganglia (globus pallidus and putamen) also show improved contrast.
Transmembrane water-efflux rate measured by water exchange DCE-MRI: a sensitive and specific biomarker of Aquaporin-4 in gliomas
Authors: Jia Yinhang , Han Guangxu , Wang Zejun , Hsu Yi-Cheng , Sun Yi , Wang Bao , Liu Yingchao , Bai Ruiliang
Published: August 2024

The water-selective channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) contributes to the migration and proliferation of gliomas, and to their resistance to therapy. Here, we show, in glioma animal models, and in glioma patients, that transmembrane water-efflux rate is a sensitive and specific biomarker of AQP4 expression and can be measured via dynamic-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Water-efflux rates correlated with changes in the heterogeneity of intratumoural and intertumoural AQP4 in human gliomas and following treatment with the AQP4 inhibitor TGN020. Regions with low water-efflux rates contained higher fractions of stem-like slow-cycling cells and therapy-resistant cells, suggesting that maps of water-efflux rates could be used to identify gliomas that are resistant to therapies.
An exploration of peritumoral glutamate and glutamine in diffuse gliomas using 7T MRSI
Authors: Hangel Gilbert , Lazen Philipp , Sharma Sukrit , Cadrien Cornelius , Roetzer-Pejrimovsky Thomas , Niess Eva , Hingerl Lukas , Gruber Stephan , Strasser Bernhard , Kiesel Barbara , Woehrer Adelheid , Preusser Matthias , Furtner Julia , Bogner Wolfgang , Trattnig Siegfried , Rössler Karl , Widhalm Georg
Published: August 2024

Research indicates that glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) play a role in the infiltrative properties of diffuse gliomas. Overcoming limitations of previous MRSI techniques, our 7T MRSI approach allows high-resolution Glu imaging. We investigated intra- and peritumoral Glu and Gln in a cohort of 36 patients and found significant increases in peritumoral Glu/tNAA, Gln/tNAA, Glu/tCr, and Gln/tCr compared to a NAWM control region. We established peritumoral Dice similarity coefficients of 0.67 for Glu/tNAA and Gln/tNAA compared to 0.31 for tCho/tNAA. Our results that Glu/Gln imaging could investigate the metabolism of infiltrative gliomas.
A constrained decomposition method for myocardial perfusion quantification using hyperpolarized MRI
Authors: Zhao Yupeng , Olin Rie Beck , Hansen Esben Søvsø Szocska , Laustsen Christoffer , Ardenkjær-Larsen Jan Henrik , Hanson Lars G.
Published: August 2024

As an alternative to Gadolinium, metabolically inert hyperpolarized contrast agents have been used in perfusion studies. For myocardial perfusion measurements, it is challenging to reliably obtain perfusion-related signals due to partial volume effects. We propose a constrained decomposition approach, enforcing prior knowledge of the residue function being temporally decreasing. The method is capable of separating the arterial and perfusion components and the quantified perfusion map is not visibly affected by partial volume effects.
RF shimming for improved B1+ in the carotid arteries using parallel transmission (pTx) head coils at 7T
Authors: de Buck Matthijs , Hess Aaron , Jezzard Peter
Published: August 2024

Cerebrovascular imaging methods suffer from a rapid drop in B1+ into the neck when using typical transmit head coils at 7T. Custom RF shims on regular pTx head coils could improve the B1+ magnitude in the major feeding arteries in the neck region over standard CP transmit mode. We found that this can improve the B1+ magnitude in the carotid arteries by 36% while also improving the RF homogeneity. This can be achieved using universal, phase-only RF shims, facilitating easy implementation in existing sequences and without requiring custom hardware.
Using the end of the feeding cable directly as a flexible antenna at 7T: the coax monopole antenna
Authors: Budé Lyanne , Steensma Bart , Zivkovic Irena , Raaijmakers Alexander
Published: August 2024

This work introduces the coax monopole antenna. The antenna consists of a continuation of the feeding cable and uses only one inductor at the distal side of the antenna to achieve matching. Creating a radiative antenna is done by introducing one interruption in the shield of the coaxial cable, and the antenna length is enforced using a cable trap. Simulations and measurements show that the performance of this antenna is comparable to the fractionated dipole antenna, while introducing many advantages like easy cable routing, proper loading of the coil due to its flexibility, and easy construction.
Degenerate Birdcage Coil Mixed with Bent Dipole Antennas to Enhance Central SNR in Phosphorus MRI/MRS of Human Brain at 7T
Authors: Wenz Daniel , Dardano Thomas , Widmaier Mark , Lim Songi , Huang Zhiwei , Xin Lijing
Published: August 2024

Dipole antennas can be combined with loop elements to increase a central SNR in human brain MRI at 7T (300MHz). However, this approach was not investigated at lower frequencies. In this study a degenerate birdcage coil was combined with a pair of bent dipole antennas to increase a central SNR for phosphorus MRS of human brain at 7T (120MHz). Simulations showed that this approach could provide a 1.6-fold central SNR gain vs. degenerate birdcage-only. The RF coil was constructed and successfully tested at the bench. In the next step, an experimental validation of the proposed strategy will be performed.
Multi-Echo EPI Increases Sensitivity to BOLD Activation in the Olfactory Network Compared to Single-Echo EPI
Authors: Zhao Sichen , Raithel Clara , Gottfried Jay , Detre John , Tisdall M
Published: August 2024

The human olfactory network presents technical challenges for functional MRI due to its location in regions of high static susceptibility. We developed a novel multi-echo EPI (ME-EPI) protocol, optimized for olfactory regions, and compared this protocol to a conventional single-echo EPI (1E-EPI). We show that the optimized ME-EPI increases sensitivity to BOLD activation response for olfactory regions and reduces the numbers of subjects required to detect significant group effects.
Novel LGE Myocardial Scar Burden Signatures: A Novel Concept for Comprehensive Scar Quantification in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mehrnia Mehri , Elbaz Mohammed
Published: August 2024

There remains no standard method for quantification of myocardial infarction (MI) from LGE images. Current methods lack reproducibility as they rely on manual or threshold-based scar segmentation. Notably, these methods only quantify scar volume/percentage but ignore the impact of myocardial LGE distribution pattern. Here, we propose a novel threshold-free concept that comprehensively quantifies scar burden in terms of both scar extent and the unique myocardial LGE distribution pattern: LGE Scar Burden Signatures. We demonstrated our technique’s strong correlation to scar extent, its independent association with serum biomarker of myocardial injury (Troponin), and reduced ejection fraction, independent of Scar percentage.
Associations of Brain Iron with Cognitive and Social Emotional Performance in Children using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Li Gaiying , Pang Qifan , Chen Mengying , Song Yang , Cai Qing , Zhang Kai , Lin Longnian , Wang Yi , Li Jianqi
Published: August 2024

Tissue iron play a critical role in cognitive functions. However, associations of basal ganglia iron concentration with cognition and emotion in children are less well understood. This study examined the correlation of susceptibility values in the bilateral basal ganglia nuclei with cognitive functions and social emotional capacity in children around the age of seven. The results highlighted that the inhibitory control, collaboration, open-mindedness showed significant association with susceptibility values in the basal ganglia. In conclusion, this QSM study indicated the potential for using brain iron content in the basal ganglia to assess cognitive and emotional performance during the children development.
Deuterium metabolic imaging distinguishes metabolic subtypes and detects early treatment response to current standard of care in glioblastoma
Authors: Low Jacob , Cao Jianbo , Hesse Friederike , Wright Alan , Brindle Kevin
Published: August 2024

The potential for DMI measurements of deuterated glucose metabolism to differentiate between metabolic subtypes in GBM has been demonstrated in patient-derived xenografts in mice. The glycolytic subtype showed increased lactate labelling whereas two oxidative subtypes showed increased glutamate/glutamine (Glx) labelling. There was decreased lactate labelling in a glycolytic subtype and decreased lactate and Glx labelling in an oxidative subtype within 24 h after the completion of standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy, demonstrating that the technique can also be used to detect early treatment response in this tumor type.
Fixel-based and tensor analysis of tractography-reconstructed anterior optic pathway in patients with sellar/parasellar tumor
Authors: Sighinolfi Giovanni , Gramegna Laura Ludovica , Carrozzi Alessandro , Fiscone Cristiana , Zoli Matteo , Mazzatenta Diego , Testa Claudia , Lodi Raffaele , Tonon Caterina , Manners David
Published: August 2024

Tumors of the sellar/paraellar region are likely to displace the optic chiasm, making it valuable to study the entire course and microstructural properties of the anterior optic pathway (AOP, including optic nerves, chiasm and optic tracts). We present the first fully automated tractography pipeline to entirely reconstruct the AOP. The pipeline was applied on a group of patients with sellar/parasellar tumors displacing the chiasm, achieving excellent reliability. We also estimated mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy and fiber density along the AOP, demonstrating alterations in patients compared to controls, which we explain based on chiasmal compression.
High spatial resolution T2 mapping via multi-shot multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging
Authors: Qizhi Yang , Geng Wenhua , He Hongjian , Zhong Jianhui , Cai Congbo , Chen Zhong , Cai Shuhui
Published: August 2024

A multi-shot acquisition strategy is adapted to multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging (MOLED), implementing T2 mapping with the spatial resolution of submillimeter. Compared with ssh-MOLED (ssh- for single-shot), msh-MOLED (msh- for multi-shot) are more resistant to B0 inhomogeneity, leading to quantitative results with less distortion. Besides, msh-MOLED fulfills a high acquisition efficiency. Accuracy of msh-MOLED was validated on phantoms with a 7T zoological scanner and a 3T whole-body scanner. Higher spatial resolution also alleviates partial volume effect and results in a better structure delineation of msh-MOLED, which was corroborated with in vivo experiments.
Tracking evolution of multiple sclerosis lesions during medication switch: a quantitative multiparametric 7T MRI approach
Authors: Strik Myrte , Syeda Warda , Blunck Yasmin , Li Vivien , Glarin Rebecca , Kolbe Scott , Moffat Bradford , Johnston Leigh , Lui Elaine , Kilpatrick Trevor
Published: August 2024

Multiple sclerosis patients may need to switch disease modifying treatments due to various reasons, with risk of recurrent disease activity during transition period. Identifying patients at risk is challenging. In this pilot study we used a non-conventional quantitative multi-modal 7T MRI approach to assess evolution of lesions when switching medication. We observed altered diffusion, susceptibility and T1 values three months after stopping, and these metrics returning to baseline values three months after starting new medication. Multi-modal quantitative MR techniques at ultra-high field MRI may be more sensitive to detect subtle changes over time to potentially better inform underlying disease activity.
A Flexible Coil Based on a Cable Conductor for 0.55T Head Imaging
Authors: Wang Bili , Walczyk Jerzy , Bruno Mary , Keerthivasan Mahesh , Rehner Robert , Brown Ryan
Published: August 2024

Flexible coils have the potential to improve SNR over rigid coils but have been rarely applied to head imaging. We built a flexible 13-channel coil for 0.55T based on RG-223 cable loops arranged with dodecahedral geometry. The coil closely fit the head and provided 30-50% SNR gain in the ventricles and significant image quality improvements over a conventional rigid coil. While the current minimalistic prototype coil showed promising performance, practical advances, such as an insulating layer that can be easily sanitized and a structure to immobilize the head, must be integrated to make the coil user friendly.
Assessment of Background Heterogeneity of Prostate Peripheral Zone for Cancer Detectability using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting
Authors: Qiao Peter , Brennan Donald , Tirumani Sree , Chen Yong , Griswold Mark , Bittencourt Leonardo
Published: August 2024

In this pilot study, we assessed the background signal change (BSC) of the prostate peripheral zone based on quantitative T1 and T2 measurement obtained using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) and correlated with a previously-developed qualitative BSC score. Our results demonstrate the importance of prostate BSC toward reducing uncertainty in prostate MRI. Compared to the qualitative BSC score, the MRF-derived measurements provide a more reproducible and objective assessment of background heterogeneity of the prostate. BSC scoring has great potential in risk-stratifying patients with incidentally-detected clinically significant prostate cancer and yielding better biopsy decision-making for patients with negative MRI.