bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Privilegios concursales y acreedores involuntarios en cuestiones de salud
Authors: Simón Nicolás Alberto
Published: February 2021

En el presente trabajo se comenta un reciente pronunciamiento de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la República Argentina en el que, en virtud de las normas internacionales protectorias de los derechos del niño y de las personas con discapacidad, se declaró la inconstitucionalidad de ciertas normas nacionales en materia de privilegios concursales a fin de lograr el efectivo cumplimiento de una sentencia indemnizatoria de daños y perjuicios provocados en el propio alumbramiento de una persona.

 

The present paper comments on a recent pronouncement of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Argentine Republic in which, due to international law protecting the rights of children and persons with disabilities, certain national bankruptcy privileges rules were declared unconstitutional in order to achieve effective compliance of a compensatory sentence of damages caused in the very birth of a person.
Cobertura médica de una persona adulta mayor: razones humanitarias por sobre cuestiones administrativas
Authors: Neder María Guadalupe
Published: February 2021

A través del presente comentario se intentará hacer una breve síntesis del razonamiento de la justicia federal mendocina en una ejemplar decisión que recayó sobre una persona adulta mayor. El tribunal interviniente teniendo en cuenta la elevada edad del amparista, su condición de jubilado y su estado de incertidumbre como consecuencia de la actitud desplegada por la obra social, lo considero merecedor de una tutela preventiva y resolvió mantener su afiliación a la obra social pese haber adquirido su condición de jubilado.

 

Through this comment, an attempt will be made to summarize the reasoning of the federal justice system in Mendoza in an exemplary decision that fell on an elderly person. The intervening court, taking into account the high age of the amparo, his retirement status and his state of uncertainty as a consequence of the attitude displayed by the social work, considered him deserving of preventive protection and decided to maintain his affiliation to the social work despite having acquired his retirement status.
El derecho de las personas con discapacidad a gozar del más alto nivel de salud posible
Authors: Blanco Pighi María Florencia
Published: February 2021

El fallo judicial de análisis versa sobre el reconocimiento del derecho subjetivo de una persona adulta mayor que padece de hipoacusia bilateral profunda, a gozar del más alto nivel posible de salud. En ese contexto, se considera el alcance que debe tener el derecho a la salud de las personas con discapacidad, sobre todo en términos de accesibilidad, y el rol que cumple el Estado como garante del mismo.

 

The judicial ruling of analysis deals with the recognition of the subjective right of an elderly person suffering from profound bilateral hearing loss to enjoy the highest possible level of health. In this context, the scope of the right to health of people with disabilities, especially in terms of accessibility, and the role of the State as guarantor of it must be considered.
Training family business in undergraduate
Authors:   Synergy University, Rubin Yu. B. , Pogorelova A. Y. ,   Synergy University, Alekseeva E. V. ,   Synergy University, Lednev M. V. ,   Synergy University, Mozhzhukhin D. P. ,   Synergy University, Potapova O. N. ,   Synergy University, Puzynya T. A. ,   Synergy University
Published: February 2021

In modern conditions, the development of entrepreneurship is complicated by the lack of uniform educational standards for teaching the conduct of this area of professional activity. In this regard, the article poses the issues of using a competence-based approach to training potential successors of family companies, which is significant for ensuring the success and long-term sustainability of family entrepreneurship. The authors of the article point out the need for the formation of additional professional competencies of students who have the prospect of entering the family business. Displaying the practical use of the proposed approach in the teaching of the discipline “family business” in the undergraduate University "Synergy"
Knowledge and Attitude of Organ Donation among University Students in Pokhara
Authors: Timilsina A , Asmita GC , Vikash Kumar KC
Published: February 2021

Donation of the tissue or organ of human body from a living or dead person to a living recipient in need of transplantation is organ donation. In the field of modern medicine organ transplantation is one of the greatest scientific advances and remains the most challenging and complex. It saves thousands of life. The main objective of the study was to explore the knowledge and attitude of organ donation. A descriptive cross- sectional study using self- administered questionnaire tool was conducted among 154 Bachelor level students who were selected by using non probability consecutive sampling technique. The obtained data was entered on SPSS 20 version program and analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage, mean, median, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi square).The study found that 57.1 percent had moderate knowledge on organ donation and more than half (69.5%) had neutral attitude on organ donation. Knowledge on organ donation was poor. There was significant association (0.014) between ethnicity and knowledge level. The study concluded that there was moderate level of knowledge and neutral level of attitude on organ donation among bachelor level students and there was no significant association of socio-demographic variables and level of knowledge except ethnicity. It therefore suggests awareness programs on organ donation for college students to promote and upgrade their knowledge and attitude about organ donation.
Element composition of a vegetable composition and extract of dry, obtained on its basis, with sedative activity
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Tokareva Maria G. , Borisenko Elena V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Dzhavakhyan Marina A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Chuparina Elena V. ,   Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Vandyshev Victor V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Published: February 2021

Currently, the search for promising sources of drugs for the prevention and treatment of neurosis is one of the promising areas of pharmaceutical technology. Stressful factors, lack of rest, irregular work schedule have a significant impact on the modern human body and represent a serious medical and social problem. According to doctors and patients, the most appropriate treatment is sedative drugs of plant origin, which reduce the response to external stimuli. The herbal composition contains a complex of biologically active substances of plants: motherwort, St. John's wort, lemon balm and thyme in a ratio of 4:2.5:2.5, which determine their therapeutic effect. The liquid and dry extracts obtained from this collection are original in composition. The quality assessment of the studied objects was carried out according to the main active substances – flavonoids. However, it is reliably known that the whole complex of substances that make up the plant composition has pharmacological activity. In this regard, the purpose of this study was a comparative study of the microelement composition of the plant composition and dry extract, designed to create a medicinal product with a sedative effect. When comparing the results of determining the content of elements in the plant composition (raw materials) and dry extract from it, a number of elements were identified that were well extracted using the proposed technology from the raw materials with the used extractant: K, Mg, Br, Zn, Cu, Cl, P, S. According to the content heavy metal dry extract is significantly inferior to those in the plant composition.
Synthesis and properties of foam polyurethanes based on tall oil
Authors:   Chuvash State University  of  I.N. Ulyanov, Vasilyeva Svetlana Yu.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study to obtain and study the properties of polyurethane foams, in which instead of a hydroxyl-containing component from petrochemical raw materials, it is proposed to use "green" raw materials based on distilled tall oil and triethanoamine. The influence of these components on the properties of the resulting polyurethane foams is analyzed. Polyurethane foams were prepared by mixing triethanolamine, tall oil, a catalyst – a 10% solution of sodium acetate in ethylene glycol, a foam stabilizer – Penta 485, and an isocyanate-containing component (polymer diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate). The technological parameters of the synthesis process of polyurethane foams are determined, as well as the physicomechanical characteristics of the obtained polyurethane foams, such as apparent density, volume fraction of closed pores, compressive strength at 10% relative deformation, thermal conductivity and water absorption during exposure for 24 hours, and also determined average pore sizes of polyurethane foams using an optical microscope. It is shown that polyurethane foams based on tall oil and triethanolamine do not differ in their technological parameters and strength properties from polyurethane foams based on synthetic polyols. The volume fraction of closed pores for them is less in comparison with industrial samples of polyurethane foams, which indicates the possibility of using such polyurethane foam for insulation and noise insulation of residential buildings and industrial structures.
Modeling the effect of solvent on the possibility of the formation the HSO3+ cation
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Degtyarev Andrey A. , Rostova Daria P. ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: February 2021

The possibility of describing the reactions of heterolytic dissociation sulfuric acid and the further conversion of the H3SO4+ cation to HSO3+ by the density functional theory method was studied. By comparing with the calculated and experimental data, a functional and a basic set were selected for modeling these reactions. The influence of the solvent on the course of the studied reactions was studied: based on COSMO continuum model (implicit solvent accounting) and explicit solvent accounting (introduction of particles participating in the reaction into the solvation shell of four sulfuric acid molecules). It was shown that individually neither the continuum model nor the explicit solvent accounting can adequately describe the reactions under study from the aspect of energy effects. It was determined that the reactions studied can occur only in strongly polar solvents. The effect of the content of sulfuric trioxide in oleum on the particle formation energy of H3SO4+ and HSO3+ was studied. It was shown that an increase in the concentration of sulfuric trioxide from 0 to 15% reduces the energy spent on the formation of H3SO4+ and HSO3+ particles by 2.5 and 3.5 kJ/mol, which leads to an increase in the equilibrium constants of the formation reactions of these products by 2.74 and 4.11 times. An approximate estimate is made of the equilibrium constant of the reaction of formation of the HSO3+ cation, equal to ~10-7-10-8. It was shown that particles of HSO3+ and SO3 in sulfuric acid solutions exist in the form of associates with sulfuric acid, through the sulfur atom SO3/HSO3+ and oxygen H2SO4, in which the S···O distance is 1.98 Å for SO3 and 1.9 Å for HSO3+.
Dielectric characteristics of epoxy resin modified with tetraethoxysilane in the millimeter range
Authors:   Vladimir State University Named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs, Chukhlanov Vladimir Yu. , Smirnova Natalia N. ,   Vladimir State University Named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs, Smirnov Kirill V. ,   Vladimir State University Named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs
Published: February 2021

In this work, the influence of alkoxysilanes introduced into the epoxy resin was studied. That was done in order to study the possibility of using the obtained binders in composite materials with increased radio transparency in the millimetre microwave radio band. Determination of the modified epoxy resin dielectric characteristics in the millimetre microwave radio transparency was carried out by the waveguide method. The measuring complex consisted of a precision measuring line P1-31, a tunable generator on a Gann diode (30-38 GHz), a ferrite gate, and a section of a standard-section waveguide. Based on measurements of the minimum position displacement of the standing wave coefficient by known propagation constants, the free-space wavelength λ0 for a given operating frequency, and the critical wavelength in the waveguide λcr, the loss angle tangent tg(δ) and the permittivity ε were calculated. Calculations of the permittivity ε, the angle of the dielectric loss tg(δ) and the radio transparency loss-ΔР were performed in the MathСad. Moisture absorption of samples was determined by holding them in a desiccator with a humidity of 98 %. The samples were kept in a tightly closed desiccator for 24 hours at a temperature of 25 oC. In addition, the relative moisture absorption was determined using the increase in mass. It was found that the introduction of tetraethoxysilane in the composition in an amount of 1.5-3.5% leads to a decrease in the tangent of the dielectric loss angle. The optimum is observed in the range of the modifier concentration of 2.5-3.5%. This fact confirms that at these concentrations there is a complete interaction of TEOS alkoxygroups with epoxy resin epoxygroups.
Az alapjogvédelem uniós szintű megnyilvánulása az Európai Bíróság készletező távközlésiadat-tárolásról szóló döntésében
Authors: Koósné Mohácsi Barbara
Published: February 2021

The author provides and analysis of the recent data retention-decision of the European Court of Justice.
Az önkéntes eredményelhárítás érvényesülése egy életellenes bűncselekmény elkövetésekor
Authors: Timsina István
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of the case of voluntary result-prevention in homicide cases in Hungarian law and judicial practice.
Volt egyszer egy program
Authors: Illés László
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of the Hungarian regional pilot project helping victims of crime.
Az állatkínzás bűncselekménye
Authors: Bertaldó András
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of animal torture cases in Southern Transdanubia.
A magánbiztonsági szektor fontosabb pozícióinak és foglalkoztatási formáinak a vizsgálata
Authors: Kollár Csaba
Published: February 2021

According to the most recent data mining survey in the private security sector, including employment data, at the end of 2019 there were 4,300 corporate companies active in the sector. The number of employees in corporate and sole proprietorships has exceeded 60,000, more than 88,000 people have valid security guard ID or private investigator ID, the Chamber of Personal, Property, and Private Investigators holds 4,499 members. The workers of the sector got the highest educational attainment from primary and secondary school as well as from higher education, they are often employed in atypical forms of employment in addition to traditional employments. In my paper, I analyse multiple data sources using online document analysis, online observation of participants, text mining and expert interviewing to provide an accurate picture of key positions and forms of employment, and to provide a grounded summary about the innovation potential and the future, focused on the domestic private security sector.
Az Iszlám Állam nyugat-balkáni önkéntesei és visszatérésük problematikája
Authors: Prantner Zoltán
Published: February 2021

According to estimations, the number of the men and their family members from the Western Balkan countries exceeded 1000 persons, who travelled to the territory of Iraq or Syria to support their Muslim comrades. Most of them joined the Islamic State there, while the minority multiplied the ranks of Jabhat al-Nusra or other smaller jihadist groups. However, hundreds of them have already returned from the Middle East to their country of origin in the recent years or months, where they faced different treatments depending on their gender and age.
A comparative study on phenolic profiles and biologicial activity of Artemisia campestris L. From Algeria as affected by extraction solvents
Authors: Malki S. , Nouadri H. , Bakli R. , Boudjouref M.
Published: February 2021

The genus Artemisia includes the biggest genus of Asteraceae has many healthful uses in human diseases. The present study was conducted to eva-luate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of field wormwood, Artemisia campestris L. growing wild in the easthern of Algeria. The aerial parts of the plant were dried at shade and extracted with acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Total phenolic, flavonoid, flavanol and flavone, tannin and anthocyanin contents of different extracts from the whole plant were determined. The obtained results indicated that the ethyl acetate extract possessed high phenolic, flavonoid, flavanol and flavone contents and exhibited good antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP, ß- carotene bleaching methods. However, acetone extract showed strong antiradical property against H2O2 and high tannin content. These findings provide evidence that the polyphenolic extract of A. campestris L. is a natural source of antioxidant against oxidative damage. A. campestris extracts were also tested in vitro for its antimicrobial potential against three strains of pathogenic bacteria, using the disk diffusion method. The extracts showed the best antibacterial effect for all microbial strains tested even those resistant to some antibiotics. Fractionation and characterization of A. campestris active components may enhance the pharmaceutical industry of new drugs against pathogenic bacteria.
Molecular identification and genetic variation studies in fifteen polychaete species of the Vellar estuary by COI gene sequence
Authors: Singh Reena , Thangaraj M. , Annadurai D. , Ramesh T.
Published: February 2021

Identification of polychaetes from the Vellar estuary mangroves is very essential to assess their diversity status. In this study, we have used sequences of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) from 15 species belongs to eight families to barcode and investigate the molecular variation among the Vellar estuary polychaetes. Based on the sequence data, it was observed that the maximum A+T content (62.00%) was recorded in Diopatra neapolitana and minimum (55.00%) in Laonice cirrata. Similarly, the maximum C+G value of 45.00% was observed in Laonice cirrata and least content of 38.00% was estimated in Capitella capitata and Diopatra neapolitana. The maximum K2P distance (1.459) was found between Lubrineridae and Capitellidae family. Whereas, the minimum K2P distance of 0.270 was observed between Nereididae and Spionidae. However, the maximum K2P distance within family was observed in Lubrineridae (0.197) and the minimum value of 0.005 was recorded in Spionidae.The maximum K2P distance (1.459) was found between the genus Capitella and Lumbrineris whereas the minimum distance (0.230) was observed between Platynereis and Perinereis. However, the maximum K2P distance within genus was observed in Perinereis (0.211) whereas the minimum distance of 0.005 was perceived in Laonice. The intra genus K2P genetic distance in Marphysa, Naineris, Platynereis, Capitella, Diopatra was zero. The maximum likelihood tree clearly demonstrates the efficacy of COI gene in discriminating polychaete individuals both at conspecific and congeneric levels. Further molecular tools such as microsattelite, RAPD is needed to assess the population structure of the above identified species.
Assessment of the biological reference point F0.1 of Greater Forkbeard, in the bay of Mostaganem west Algeria
Authors: Benghali Sofiane Mohamed el Amine , Kherraz Ali
Published: February 2021

The Biological Reference Points are values of the level of fishing mortality or of the biomass of the stock which seek a long-term sustainable exploitation of the stocks, with the best possible catch. Von Bertalanffy's growth parameters: L∞ = 39.64 (cm), K = 0.36 (year-1), t0 = -0.22 (year), W∞ = 454.85 (g), and the monthly monitoring of size frequencies, allowed to identify the size of first sexual maturity L50, total mortality (Z = 2.11), natural mortality (M = 0.57) and fishing mortality (F = 1.54), all these values were evaluated in the objective to estimate the biological reference points. The assessment was performed using length cohort analysis (LCA) and biomass and yield per recruit’s analyses as implemented in VIT4Win software, the program reconstructs the population using mortality vectors and the production per recruit analysis is based on fishing mortality (F). The values of mortality determined seem concentrated on individuals with a size between 22 and 26 cm Lt, Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY 43.25g,the total balanced biomass was estimated at 3.84 t and the yield per recruit analysis (Y/R = 27.87 g) based on current fishing effort showed that the stock is at its minimum operating limit.
In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Lepidium sativum (L.) seeds
Authors: Yahla ImÃ¨ne , Benguiar Rachida , Riazi Ali
Published: February 2021

Lepidium sativum seeds have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of liver dysfunction, jaundice, gastrointestinal disorders and spleen diseases. Furthermore, it was reported that these seeds have also an antioxidant, diuretic, antihypertensive, and anti-asthmatic activities. The present study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic ex-tract of L. sativum Linn. seeds (EELS) in vivo. The anti-inflammatory activity of EELS was tested in mice weighting (25±5) g. Either PBS vehicle (control group), ethanolic extract (50mg/kg) or diclofenac (50 mg/kg), were administered (p.o) for 60 min before an oedema was induced in the mice paw by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan. The mouse-paw volume was meas-ured from 1 h to 6 h after carrageenan injection. Plasma fibrinogen, serum albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined for each group. The EELS and the standard (diclofenac) reduced significantly (p < 0.05) paw oedema by 40.44 ± 16.36 % and 9.39 ± 1.99%, respectively compared to the control after the sixth hour after injection of carrageenan. Biomarkers of inflammation (serum albumin, CRP and plasma fibrinogen) levels were significantly (p <0.05) optimized in EELS group (assay) compared to the control. The obtained results revealed that the ethanolic extract of L. sativum Linn. seeds has a significant in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.
Earth as a Proxy Exoplanet: Deconstructing and Reconstructing Spectrophotometric Light Curves
Authors: Gu Lixiang , Fan Siteng , Li Jiazheng , Bartlett Stuart J. , Natraj Vijay , Jiang Jonathan H. , Crisp David , Hu Yongyun , Tinetti Giovanna , Yung Yuk L.
Published: February 2021

Point-source spectrophotometric (single-point) light curves of Earth-like planets contain a surprising amount of information about the spatial features of those worlds. Spatially resolving these light curves is important for assessing time-varying surface features and the existence of an atmosphere, which in turn is critical to life on Earth and significant for determining habitability on exoplanets. Given that Earth is the only celestial body confirmed to harbor life, treating it as a proxy exoplanet by analyzing time-resolved spectral images provides a benchmark in the search for habitable exoplanets. The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) provides such an opportunity, with observations of ∼5000 full-disk sunlit Earth images each year at 10 wavelengths with high temporal frequency. We disk-integrate these spectral images to create single-point light curves and decompose them into principal components (PCs). Using machine-learning techniques to relate the PCs to six preselected spatial features, we find that the first and fourth PCs of the single-point light curves, contributing ∼83.23% of the light-curve variability, contain information about low and high clouds, respectively. Surface information relevant to the contrast between land and ocean reflectance is contained in the second PC, while individual land subtypes are not easily distinguishable (<0.1% total light-curve variation). We build an Earth model by systematically altering the spatial features to derive causal relationships to the PCs. This model can serve as a baseline for analyzing Earth-like exoplanets and guide wavelength selection and sampling strategies for future observations.
Re-estimating the Spin Parameter of the Black Hole in Cygnus X-1
Authors: Zhao Xueshan , Gou Lijun , Dong Yanting , Zheng Xueying , Steiner James F. , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Bahramian Arash , Orosz Jerome A. , Feng Ye
Published: February 2021

Cygnus X-1 is a well-studied persistent black hole X-ray binary. Recently, the three parameters needed to estimate the black hole spin of this system, namely the black hole mass M, the orbital inclination i, and the source distance D, have been updated. In this work we redetermine the spin parameter using the continuum-fitting technique for those updated parameter values. Based on the assumption that the spin axis of the black hole is aligned with the orbital plane, we fit the thermal disk component to a fully relativistic thin accretion disk model. The error in the spin estimate arising from the combined observational uncertainties is obtained via Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that, without considering the counteracting torque effect, the new spin parameter is constrained to be a
* > 0.9985 (3σ), which confirms that the spin of the black hole in Cygnus X-1 is extreme.
Detection of Energy Cutoffs in Flare-accelerated Electrons
Authors: Xia Fanxiaoyu , Su Yang , Wang Wen , Wang Linghua , Warmuth Alexander , Gan Weiqun , Li Youping
Published: February 2021

Energy cutoffs in electron distribution define the lower and upper limits on the energy range of energetic electrons accelerated in solar flares. They are crucial parameters for understanding particle acceleration processes and energy budgets. Their signatures have been reported in studies of flattened flare X-ray spectra, i.e., the impulsive emission of nonthermal bremsstrahlung from energetic electrons impacting ambient, thermal plasma. However, these observations have not provided unambiguous constraints on the cutoffs. Moreover, other processes may result in similar spectral features. Even the existence and necessity of cutoffs as physical parameters of energetic electrons have been under debate. Here we report a search for their signatures in flare-accelerated electrons with two approaches, i.e., in both X-ray spectra and solar energetic particle (SEP) events. These represent two different electron populations, but may contain information of the same acceleration process. By studying a special group of late impulsive flares, and a group of selected SEP events, we found evidence of cutoffs revealed in both X-ray spectra and SEP electron distributions. In particular, we found for the first time consistent low- and high-energy cutoffs in both hard X-ray-producing and escaping electrons in two events. We also showed the importance of high-energy cutoff in studies of spectral shapes. These results provide evidence of cutoffs in flare-accelerated energetic electrons and new clues for constraining electron distribution parameters and particle acceleration models.
The Fundamental Plane of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z ∼ 2
Authors: Stockmann Mikkel , Jørgensen Inger , Toft Sune , Conselice Christopher J. , Faisst Andreas , Margalef-Bentabol Berta , Gallazzi Anna , Zibetti Stefano , Brammer Gabriel B. , Gómez-Guijarro Carlos , Hirschmann Michaela , Lagos Claudia D. , Valentino Francesco M. , Zabl Johannes
Published: February 2021

We examine the Fundamental Plane (FP) and mass-to-light ratio (M/L) scaling relations using the largest sample of massive quiescent galaxies at 1.5 < z < 2.5 to date. The FP (r

e
, σ

e
, I

e
) is established using 19 UVJ quiescent galaxies from COSMOS with Hubble Space Telescope H

F160W
rest-frame optical sizes and X-shooter absorption line-measured stellar velocity dispersions. For a very massive,

log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
>
11.26

, subset of eight quiescent galaxies at z > 2, from Stockmann et al., we show that they cannot passively evolve to the local Coma cluster relation alone and must undergo significant structural evolution to mimic the sizes of local massive galaxies. The evolution of the FP and M/L scaling relations, from z = 2 to present day, for this subset are consistent with passive aging of the stellar population and minor merger structural evolution into the most massive galaxies in the Coma cluster and other massive elliptical galaxies from the MASSIVE Survey. Modeling the luminosity evolution from minor merger-added stellar populations favors a history of merging with “dry” quiescent galaxies.
Evolution of the Nonpotential Magnetic Field in the Solar Active Region 12673 Based on a Nonlinear Force-free Modeling
Authors: Yamasaki Daiki , Inoue Satoshi , Nagata Shin’ichi , Ichimoto Kiyoshi
Published: February 2021

Active region (AR) 12673 has produced many M-class and several X-class flares, one of which being an X9.3 flare, which is recorded as the largest solar flare in solar cycle 24. We studied the evolution of the three-dimensional flare-productive magnetic field within AR 12673, using a time series of nonlinear force-free field extrapolations of every 12 hr from 2017 September 4 00:00 UT to 6 00:00 UT. Our analysis found that three magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) formed by September 4, one of which produced the X9.3 flare on September 6. One MFR has positive magnetic twist, which is a different sign from the other two MFRs. Since the temporal evolution of the magnetic flux of the MFR accumulating the positive twist is consistent with the profile of the GOES X-ray flux well observed from September 4 to 6, we suggest that the formation of the MFR having the positive twist is closely related to the occurrence of the M-class flares, including an M5.5 flare. We further found a magnetic null in the magnetic field surrounding the MFRs, in particular above the MFR having positive twist before the M5.5 flare, which is the largest M-flare observed during this period. By comparing with Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 1600 Å images, we found that the footpoints of the overlying field lines are anchored to the area where the brightening was initially observed. Therefore, we suggest that reconnection induced by the torus instability of the positively twisted MFR at the null possibly drove the M5.5 flare.
Luminosity Functions and Host-to-host Scatter of Dwarf Satellite Systems in the Local Volume
Authors: Carlsten Scott G. , Greene Jenny E. , Peter Annika H. G. , Beaton Rachael L. , Greco Johnny P.
Published: February 2021

Low-mass satellites around Milky Way (MW)-like galaxies are important probes of small-scale structure and galaxy formation. However, confirmation of satellite candidates with distance measurements remains a key barrier to fast progress in the Local Volume (LV). We measure the surface brightness fluctuation distances to recently cataloged candidate dwarf satellites around 10 massive hosts within D < 12 Mpc to confirm association. The satellite systems of these hosts are complete and mostly cleaned of contaminants down to M

g
∼ −9 to −10, within the area of the search footprints. Joining this sample with hosts surveyed to comparable or better completeness in the literature, we explore how well cosmological simulations combined with common stellar to halo mass relations (SHMR) match observed satellite luminosity functions in the classical satellite luminosity regime. Adopting an SHMR that matches hydrodynamic simulations, we find that the predicted overall satellite abundance agrees well with the observations. The MW is remarkably typical in its luminosity function among LV hosts. We find that the host-to-host scatter predicted by the model is in close agreement with the scatter between the observed systems, once the different masses of the observed systems are taken into account. However, we find significant evidence that the observed systems have more bright and fewer faint satellites than the SHMR model predicts, possibly necessitating a higher normalization of the SHMR around halo masses of 1011
M
⊙ or significantly greater scatter than present in common SHMRs. These results demonstrate the utility of nearby satellite systems in inferring the galaxy–subhalo connection in the low-mass regime.
Spectral Line Asymmetries of Hot Fe Lines in Multiloop Models
Authors: Mandage Revati S. , Bradshaw Stephen J.
Published: February 2021

Extreme ultraviolet emission line profiles often show asymmetries, in the form of wing enhancements, during solar flares. Various explanations, ranging from magnetic disturbances to non-Maxwellian electron distributions to plasma turbulence have been proposed to explain these features. Plasma dynamics in a single loop can also satisfactorily explain line asymmetry. However, the presence of sub-resolution structures, confirmed by increasingly high-resolution observations, and observational difficulties in isolating a monolithic loop from nearby loops, necessitate detailed modeling efforts to investigate the effect of superposed dynamics on some line asymmetries. In the present work, we design multiloop models, representative of three possible loop configurations, to study how the resultant Fe xxiii spectral line profiles differ in each case and examine the differences between these multiloop models and the single loop model. We also briefly explore the role of a constant time delay in heating successive sub-loops on the spectral line shape. We find that for a multiloop model with sub-loops of the same length, heating time delay is an important factor that alters the line profile shape from the single loop case. Whereas, multiloop models with sub-loops of varied lengths predict significantly different line profiles, such as asymmetric lines for longer durations and with large blueshifts, without the necessity of introducing time delays.
Radio Monitoring of the Tidal Disruption Event Swift J164449.3+573451. IV. Continued Fading and Non-relativistic Expansion
Authors: Cendes Y. , Eftekhari T. , Berger E. , Polisensky E.
Published: February 2021

We present continued radio and X-ray observations of the previously relativistic tidal disruption event (TDE) Swift J164449.3+573451 (Sw 1644+57) extending to about 9.4 yr post disruption, as part of ongoing campaigns with the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and the Chandra X-ray observatory. We find that the X-ray emission has faded below detectable levels, with an upper limit of ≲3.5 × 10−15 erg cm−2 s−1 in a 100 ks observation, while the radio emission continues to be detected and steadily fade. Both are consistent with forward shock emission from a non-relativistic outflow, although we find that the radio spectral energy distribution is better fit at these late times with an electron power-law index of p ≈ 3 (as opposed to p ≈ 2.5 at earlier times). With the revised spectral index we find ϵ

B
 ≈ 0.01 using the radio and X-ray data, and a density of ≈0.04 cm3 at a radius of R ≈ 0.65 pc (R
sch ≈ 2 × 106
R
⊙) from the black hole. The energy scale of the blastwave is ≈1052 erg. We also report detections of Sw 1644+57 at 3 GHz from the first two epochs of the VLA Sky Survey (VLASS), and find that ∼102 off-axis Sw 1644+57-like events to z ∼ 0.5 may be present in the VLASS data. Finally, we find that Sw 1644+57 itself will remain detectable for decades at radio frequencies, although observations at sub-GHz frequencies will become increasingly important to characterize its dynamical evolution.
On the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars and GW190814
Authors: Godzieba Daniel A. , Radice David , Bernuzzi Sebastiano
Published: February 2021

Motivated by the recent discovery of a compact object with mass in the range 2.5–2.67 M
⊙ in the binary merger GW190814, we revisit the question of the maximum mass of neutron stars (NSs). We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach to generate about two million phenomenological equations of state with and without first-order phase transitions. We fix the crust equation of state and only assume causality at higher densities. We show how a strict upper bound on the maximum NS mass can be inferred from upcoming observation of NS radii and masses. The derived upper bounds depend only on relativity and causality, so it is not affected by nuclear physics uncertainties. We show how a lower limit on the maximum mass of NSs, in combination with upcoming measurements of NS radii by LIGO/Virgo and NICER, would constrain the equation of state of dense matter. Finally, we discuss the implications for GW190814.
Les dispositifs expérimentaux « unités pédagogiques PRÉAUT »
Authors: Binisti Patrick , Crespin Graciela C. , PRÉAUT Équipe
Published: February 2021

Travailler sur un seul modèle, si efficace soit-il, ne fera jamais avancer notre pratique. C’est pourquoi, confrontés à la diversité clinique des enfants tsa , l’équipe préaut et ses partenaires ont réfléchi à des nouvelles modalités d’accueil pour les enfants dont le profil développemental les situe en deçà de l’appétence cognitive, et pour ceux qui, ayant correctement acquis les invariants que supplée le dispositif type « atelier classe », évoluent dans les apprentissages. Cet article aborde donc les trois niveaux de l’atelier-classe, appelés désormais unités développementales préaut ( udp ), unités pédagogiques préaut  niveau 1 ( upp 1) et unités pédagogiques préaut niveau 2 ( upp 2). Pour cette dernière, l’équipe préaut s’appuie sur les travaux de Patrick Binisti sur les interactions de tutelle.
Les compétences : maillon fort des structures d’accompagnement des PME
Authors: Aloui Adel , Wehbi Sleiman Manal
Published: February 2021

Depuis quelques années, l’accompagnement suscite un intérêt grandissant, en témoignent le nombre et la diversité des contributions relatives à ce thème. Les PME, vu le contexte de crise actuel et du fait de leurs caractéristiques, ont besoin d’un accompagnement tout au long de leur cycle de vie et notamment dans leurs projets de développement et d’innovation. Dans ce travail, nous présentons les résultats d’une étude empirique dans le cadre de la création d’une structure d’accompagnement et nous mettrons en lumière l’importance de la prise en compte des compétences de ses acteurs. Cette étude présente un double intérêt ; tout d’abord, la qualité de l’accompagnement est étroitement liée, entre autres, aux compétences de l’accompagnant et à ses aptitudes à mener à bien ses missions. En plus, sur un plan organisationnel, le profil des accompagnants et leurs compétences sont déterminants dans la performance collective de la structure d’accompagnement et de son évolution.
ICT, Human Capital, Organizational Practices and Firm Profitability of Tunisian Manufacturing SMEs in the Electrical and Electronics Industry
Authors: Kossaï Mohamed , Obeid Hassan , Ben Zaied Younes
Published: February 2021

En se basant sur la théorie des ressources, cet article étudie empiriquement le rôle des TIC, du capital humain et des pratiques organisationnel les dans la performance des entreprises. À partir d’un panel de 70 PME manufacturières tunisiennes opérant dans l’industrie électrique et électronique au cours de la période 2012-2015, les résultats montrent une relation significative entre le niveau des TIC, le niveau de qualification du capital humain et la rentabilité des PME.
Commercially available granulates PMMA and PS - potential problems with the production of polymer optical fibers
Authors: Jóźwicki Mateusz Łukasz , Gargol Mateusz , Gil-Kowalczyk Małgorzata , Mergo Paweł
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to verify the usefulness of commercially available granulates of PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate) and PS (polystyrene) for the production of polymer optical fibers by extrusion method. Samples were subjected to thermal processing in various conditions (different temperatures and exposure time). Thermal (TG/DTG) and spectroscopic (ATR/FT-IR) analyses were carried out to analyze changes in the samples. Based on FT-IR analysis of liquid monomers and granulates the conversion of double bonds was calculated, which gave us a picture of the degree of monomers conversion, crucial information from the technological point of view. Full Text: PDF ReferencesO. Ziemann, J. Krauser, P.E. Zamzow, W. Daum, POF Polymer Optical Fibersfor Data Communication (Berlin: Springer 2008). DirectLink P. Stajanca et al. "Solution-mediated cladding doping of commercial polymer optical fibers", Opt. Fiber Technol. 41, 227-234, (2018). CrossRef K. Peters, "Polymer optical fiber sensors—a review", Smart Mater. Struct., 20 013002 (2011) CrossRef J. Zubia and J. Arrue, "Plastic Optical Fibers: An Introduction to Their Technological Processes and Applications", Opt. Fiber Technol. 7 ,101-40 (2001) CrossRef M. Beckers, T. Schlüter, T. Gries, G. Seide, C.-A. Bunge, "6 - Fabrication techniques for polymer optical fibres", Polymer Optical Fibres, 187-199 (2017) CrossRef M. Niedźwiedź , M. Gil, M. Gargol , W. Podkościelny, P. Mergo, "Determination of the optimal extrusion temperature of the PMMA optical fibers", Phot. Lett. Poland 11, 7-9 (2019) CrossRef
Hidrolik Türbinlerde Kavitasyon ve Karakaya Hidroelektrik Santralinde Kavitasyon Olayının İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇETİNER Cuma
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada, hidrolik türbinlerde verim kaybına neden olan kavitasyon olayı ve Karakaya barajındaki kavitasyonu önlemek için iyileştirme imkanları araştırılmıştır. Türbinin salyangoz seviyesine göre hesaplama yapılmış ve kavitasyon sınırlarında çalışılıp çalışmadığı analiz edilmiştir. Hesaplama sonucuna göre Karakaya hidroelektrik santralindeki (HES) türbinlerin kavitasyonla çalıştığı anlaşılmıştır. Karakaya barajındaki Francis tipi türbinlerinde kavitasyon olayının azalması için minimum çıkış su seviyesinin (H_s), salyangoz orta ekseninden 5.54 m yüksekte olması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Social and Cultural Construction of Singlehood among Young, Single Mormons
Authors: Darrington Jana , Piercy Kathleen , Niehuis Sylvia
Published: February 2021

Religious young adults interpret their single experiences based on an intricate system of influences that include personal beliefs, family, religious teachings, and friendships. This qualitative study of 24 never-married, young Mormon men and women examined the social and cultural construction of singlehood based on: (1) definitions of singlehood, (2) influences on the construction of singlehood, and (3) feelings about being single. A major theme of this research emerged in the way participants defined singlehood: by what they lacked and by seeking to end their temporary single state through marriage. Families and religious teachings interacted to form the strongest influences on participants construction of singlehood, while supportive friends helped respondents feel that they were not alone.
Developing Culturally Sensitive Skills in Health and Social Care with a Focus on Conducting Research with African Caribbean Communities in England
Authors: Higginbottom Gina , Serrant-Green Laura
Published: February 2021

Researchers may not feel equipped to conduct qualitative research with ethnic minority communities in England because they may lack of culturally sensitive research skills. The aim of this paper is to explore how researchers might integrate culturally sensitive research skills into their work. This paper draws on our own experiences of conducting research with African Caribbean communities in England, and from workshops we facilitated with researchers and community representatives. The purpose of the workshops was to establish the most pertinent issues in conducting research with ethnic minority communities in England. We gathered data from the participants and created themes based on the discussions: establishing the need for an inclusive approach to research, issues around recruitment, respecting cultural norms, and dealing with disclosure.
An Ethnographic-Case Study of Beliefs, Context Factors, and Practices of Teachers Integrating Technology
Authors: Angers Julie , Machtmes Krisanna
Published: February 2021

This ethnographic-case study explored the beliefs, context factors, and practices of three middle school exemplary teachers that led to a technology-enriched curriculum. Findings suggest that these middle school teachers believe technology is a tool that adds value to lessons and to students learning and motivation. Due to a personal interest in technology, these teachers are self-taught and apply for grants to acquire new hardware and software. They receive support for release time to continue with ongoing professional development, which has helped to change their teaching strategies from teacher-centered to student-centered. They are not afraid to take risk using trial and error, flexible planning, project-based lessons, varying roles, varying grouping, and providing multiple activities in their classroom practices.
Discussing Laddering Application by the Means-End Chain Theory
Authors: Veludo-de-Oliveira Tânia , Ikeda Ana , Campomar Marcos
Published: February 2021

This article aims at analyzing laddering as a technique of qualitative research, emphasizing the procedures for data collection, analysis and interpretation, and its main limitations as well. “Laddering refers to an in-depth, one-on-one interviewing technique used to develop an understanding of how consumers translate the attributes of products into meaningful associations with respect to self, following means-end theory” (Reynolds & Gutman, 1988, p. 12). The critical literature review shows that laddering is useful in studies on human behavior, especially those related to the Means-End Chain (MEC) model. For a successful application, highly trained interviewers, homogeneous groups of respondents, and the Laddermap should be taken into consideration.
Southern Rural Public Schools: A Study of Teacher Perspectives
Authors: McCoy Leah
Published: February 2021

This ethnography explores teachers’ perspectives of the cultural issues affecting academic performance in twelve public high schools in rural Mississippi and Louisiana. Fr om a thematic analysis of the tape-recorded interviews of forty-one mathematics teachers, five categories emerged, each comprising a qualitative aspect of teaching high school in an economically depressed area of the deep South: society, race, students, families, and schools. Each of these categories is discussed and explicated using exemplars from the interviews to show how each category emerged from the data. In addition, the relationships among these categories, which form a destructive cycle of poverty, low expectations, poor academic achievement, and inadequate opportunity, are discussed. Implications of this research for teachers and policy makers are explored.
Qualitative Research and Quilting: Advice for Novice Researchers
Authors: Ausband Leigh
Published: February 2021

This paper relates how the author, a novice qualitative researcher, uses the familiar process of quilting to help her clarify the research process. Other novice researchers are advised to look around for similar connections they can make in their lives to assist with their research.