bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between postoperative biomarkers of neuronal injury and postoperative cognitive dysfunction: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Chen Xinli , Wu Fan , Liu Yingchao , Yang Yushen , Chen Weican , Pan Zhigang , Hu Weipeng , Zheng Feng , He Hefan
Published: April 2023

Early biomarkers are needed to identify patients at risk of developing postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Our objective was to determine neuronal injury-related biomarkers with predictive values for this condition. Six biomarkers (S100β, neuron-specific enolase [NSE], amyloid beta [Aβ], tau, neurofilament light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein) were evaluated. According to the first postoperative sampling time, observational studies showed that S100β was significantly higher in patients with POCD than in those without POCD (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 6.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.44−9.41). The randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed that S100β (SMD: 37.31, 95% CI: 30.97−43.64) and NSE (SMD: 3.50, 95% CI: 2.71−4.28) in the POCD group were significantly higher than in the non-POCD group. The pooled data of observational studies by postoperative sampling time showed significantly higher levels of the following biomarkers in the POCD groups than in the control groups: S100β levels at 1 hour (SMD: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.07−2.64), 2 days (SMD: 27.97, 95% CI: 25.01−30.94), and 9 days (SMD: 6.41, 95% CI: 5.64−7.19); NSE levels at 1 hour (SMD: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.25−1.60), 6 hours (SMD: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.12−1.45), and 24 hours (SMD: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.38−1.29); and Aβ levels at 24 hours (SMD: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.54−3.06), 2 days (SMD: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.83−2.78), and 9 days (SMD: 2.76, 95% CI: 2.25−3.26). The pooled data of the RCT showed that the following biomarkers were significantly higher in POCD patients than in non-POCD patients: S100β levels at 2 days (SMD: 37.31, 95% CI: 30.97−43.64) and 9 days (SMD: 126.37, 95% CI: 104.97−147.76) and NSE levels at 2 days (SMD: 3.50, 95% CI: 2.71−4.28) and 9 days (SMD: 8.53, 95% CI: 7.00−10.06). High postoperative levels of S100β, NSE, and Aβ may predict POCD. The relationship between these biomarkers and POCD may be affected by sampling time.
Correlation of morphometric properties to meat yield and fatness index in the red strain of the saltwater hard clam Meretrix meretrix
Authors: Zhang Zhidong , Wu Yangping , Zhang Yu , Zhu Yanqing , Cao Yi , Chen Suhua , Peng Yuheng , Sun Xuefeng , Chen Aihua
Published: April 2023

To determine the relevance of morphometric properties attributed to the meat yield and fatness index of the saltwater hard clam Meretrix meretrix. A new strain of M. meretrix with red shell color was produced after five generations of selection within a family of full-sibs. 7 morphometric traits, including shell length (SL), shell height (SH), shell width (SW), ligament length (LL), projection length (PL), projection width (PW), and live body weight (LW), and 2 meat characteristics, including meat yield (MY) and fatness index (FI) were measured from 50 individuals of three-year-old M. meretrix. The correlation coefficients, path coefficients, determination coefficients among attributes were analyzed. The results indicated that correlation achieved very significant levels (P<0.01). In addition, the multiple regression equations were formulated by considering the meat yield and fatness index as the dependent variables, respectively, and 7 other morphometric traits as independent variables. The correlation indices (R2) of morphometric traits against the meat yield and fatness index of clams were 0.901 and 0,929, respectively, indicating that the live body weight and shell length were the common main factors influencing the meat characteristics. By testing the significance of partial regression coefficient and gradually removing the non-significant morphometric traits, a multiple regression equation was established to estimate the relationship between shell length (SL, mm), live body weight (LW, g), ligament length (LL, mm) and meat yield (MY, %), fat index (FI, %): MY (%) = 0.432SL+0.251LW and FI (%) = 0.156SL+0.067LL+0.42LW-3.533. The study draws a conclusion that live body weight and shell length have a predominant direct effect on the meat yield and fatness index, which provides theoretical information for the breeding of M. meretrix.
Management of preterm birth using protocols in a low resource setting
Authors: Akello Jackline , Namusoke Fatuma , Alia Godfrey , Mwaka Savio
Published: April 2023

Background

Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal deaths and the second leading cause of death in children under five after pneumonia. The study aimed at improving the management of preterm birth through the development of protocols for standardization of care.

Methods

The study was conducted in Mulago National Referral Labor ward in two phases. A total of 360 case files were reviewed and mothers whose files had missing data interviewed for clarity for both the baseline audit and the re-audit. Chi squares were used to compare results for the baseline and the re-audit.

Results

There was significant improvement in four parameters out of the six that were used to assess quality of care and these were 32% increase in administration of Dexamethasone for fetal lung maturity, 27% increase in administration of Magnesium Sulphate for fetal neuroprotection and 23% increase in anti-biotic administration. A 14% reduction noted in patients who received no intervention. However, there was no change in the administration of Tocolytic.

Conclusion

The results of this study have shown that protocols standardize care and improve the quality of care in preterm delivery to optimize outcomes.
Refashioning repair culture through the circle of value creation: A case study of the Japanese brand KUON
Authors: Li Leren
Published: April 2023

During the past ten years or more, sustainable fashion and slow lifestyle has received a growing amount of attention from design scholars, creative practitioners and fashion brands. In addition to new technologies of material development, the recent incorporation of repair-inspired designs into current fashion practice is also notable. Among the origins of global repair traditions, the Japanese patchwork boro receives a shared interest from a global creative network of fashion designers, textile collectors and artisans in their exploration of sustainable materials and reinvention of ancient craftsmanship. Born from humbleness, boro signifies a class of Japanese textiles that have been extensively mended and patched together by people who could not get or afford proper clothes. The recent resurrection of boro as a style and an eco-friendly fashion statement follows the trend for sustainable design, and also benefits from the recognition of Japanese aesthetics in western fashion and design industries. By investigating the boro-influenced patchwork menswear brand KUON from Japan, this case study acknowledges and exemplifies the historical and contemporary ideological alignment of sustainable fashion with Japanese repair culture, aesthetics and material interpretations. This research considers boro as an alternative solution to the current development of new material technologies, and the discussion of boro offers future possibilities to reimagine the meanings and representations of this traditional repair craft which may inspire creative practitioners to participate and contribute to sustainable fashion design.
Potencial probiótico de bactérias ácido-láticas isoladas de queijo Minas artesanal
Authors: Vieira Ana Carolina Alves , Andrade Elisa Helena Paz , Soares Carla Ferreira , Acurcio Leonardo Borges , Mello Thamiris Carolina Souza , Souza Marcelo Resende de
Published: April 2023

Alimentos funcionais são aqueles que, além de oferecerem nutrientes, promovem um ou mais benefícios ao corpo humano. Entre eles, se destacam aqueles que veiculam micro-organismos probióticos. O Queijo Minas Artesanal (QMA), tradicionalmente feito com leite cru em propriedades rurais do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, apresenta uma grande diversidade microbiana, incluindo micro-organismos com potencial probiótico. As bactérias do ácido-lático (BAL), encontradas nesse queijo, são de grande relevância e se caracterizam pela fermentação da lactose para a produção de ácido lático, portanto, sendo amplamente utilizadas no processamento de alimentos. O desenvolvimento de pesquisas com o objetivo de aumentar o conhecimento sobre a microbiota presente no QMA e seus potenciais efeitos probióticos proporciona novas perspectivas para a melhoria da qualidade e segurança alimentar, ajudando também a preservar os micro-organismos desejáveis. Devido à grande importância econômica e cultural do QMA e aos efeitos benéficos à saúde associados aos probióticos, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre potencial probiótico de BAL isoladas dessa variedade de queijo. A análise de estudos, de acordo com resultados de testes in vitro e in vivo, revelou que micro-organismos isolados de QMA apresentaram resultados desejáveis quanto aos potenciais efeitos probióticos, porém, alguns deles apresentaram resistência aos antimicrobianos. O QMA representa uma importante fonte de micro-organismos desejáveis e novos estudos devem ser realizados a fim de identificar candidatos para uso como probióticos.
Entre ilegalismos y motines. La lectura foucaultiana de la obra de E.P. Thompson
Authors: Martín Martínez Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2023

Los años setenta son el período más explícitamente militante en la trayectoria de Foucault. Un concepto clave en la primera mitad de estos años y que resultará fun-damental, tanto para entender el nacimiento de la prisión como el de la delincuencia, es el de los ilegalismos. El propósito de este artículo es el de rastrear la influencia que, en el desarrollo de este concepto de ilegalismos, tuvieron las lecturas de la obra de E.P. Thompson por parte de Foucault, el diálogo silencioso que se establece entre ambos autores en torno a dos conceptos: el motín de subsistencia y los ilegalismos. Así como el análisis de la distinta significación y objetivo que va adquiriendo este concepto en la obra de Foucault.
Impacto de la ayuda financiera estatal para estudiantes en los precios de matrícula de las universidades: El caso del programa Ser Pilo Paga en Colombia
Authors: Hoyos-Pontón Carlos , Villarraga-Orjuela Alexander
Published: April 2023

Durante el último decenio en América Latina se ha extendido el uso de políticas de financiamiento como mecanismos de apoyo al ingreso a la educación superior. Así, para finales de 2014 el Gobierno de Colombia introduce el programa de subsidios Ser Pilo Paga (SPP) como una estrategia de fortalecimiento del acceso para estudiantes con alto rendimiento académico en condición de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica. A la fecha, la mayoría de las investigaciones revisadas en torno a este programa se han concentrado en asuntos de cobertura, asignación, desempeño académico y alcance educativo. Con ayuda de datos de precios de matrícula reconstruidos con registros documentales pecuniarios y técnicas paramétricas, y mediante una metodología de diferencias en diferencias, se aproxima su impacto en precios de matrícula en una muestra de 14 instituciones acreditadas en alta calidad de un total de 65 durante el periodo de 2015 a 2018. Los resultados aportan evidencia a favor de que el programa SPP aumentó los precios de matrículas de las universidades participantes en una media de 2,3 a 4,3 puntos porcentuales.
Publicar ou pesquisar? Reproduzir ou ensinar? Reflexões sobre as experiências de mulheres doutorandas em ciências contábeis
Authors: Nascimento Nganga Camilla Soueneta Nascimento , Casa Nova Silvia Pereira de Castro , Lima João Paulo Resende de , Silva Sandra Maria Cerqueira da
Published: April 2023

Se de um lado os programas de pós-graduação em Contabilidade no Brasil mantêm foco em publicação, em detrimento do ensino, por outro lado é crucial que a docência seja exercida de maneira profissional, o que requer uma formação específica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi problematizar a formação docente, por meio da análise das experiências e vivências de 13 doutorandas de programas de pós-graduação em Contabilidade no Brasil. No país, as políticas educacionais estão intimamente ligadas às decisões de governo, notadamente pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), o que, por sua vez, afeta o ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem. As escolhas metodológicas e epistemológicas foram o construcionismo e o pós-estruturalismo feminista como perspectiva teórica, justificadas ao destacar as experiências de mulheres, consideradas as suas multiplicidades no percurso de doutorado e como impactam e são impactadas pelas pessoas em seu entorno, por processos vividos, sentidos e significados que atribuem às suas trajetórias. Como resultados, encontramos que são poucas as ações de preparação pedagógica para o exercício profissional da docência, limitadas à oferta eventual de uma disciplina e ao “misterioso” Estágio Docente. A ênfase em publicações implica no fato o qual o processo de planejar e desenvolver uma pesquisa fique em segundo plano, resultando, por vezes, em pesquisas pouco relevantes, com destaque para métodos quantitativos e sem espaço para ousar.
A review of small object and movement detection based loss function and optimized technique
Authors: Chaturvedi Ravi Prakash , Ghose Udayan
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study is to supply an overview of research work based on video-based networks and tiny object identification. The identification of tiny items and video objects, as well as research on current technologies, are discussed first. The detection, loss function, and optimization techniques are classified and described in the form of a comparison table. These comparison tables are designed to help you identify differences in research utility, accuracy, and calculations. Finally, it highlights some future trends in video and small object detection (people, cars, animals, etc.), loss functions, and optimization techniques for solving new problems.
Evaluation of an artificial intelligent algorithm (Heartassist™) to automatically assess the quality of second trimester cardiac views: a prospective study
Authors: Pietrolucci Maria Elena , Maqina Pavjola , Mappa Ilenia , Marra Maria Chiara , D’ Antonio Francesco , Rizzo Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between visual and automatic methods in assessing the adequacy of fetal cardiac views obtained during second trimester ultrasonographic examination.

Methods

In a prospective observational study frames of the four-chamber view left and right outflow tracts, and three-vessel trachea view were obtained from 120 consecutive singleton low-risk women undergoing second trimester ultrasound at 19–23 weeks of gestation. For each frame, the quality assessment was performed by an expert sonographer and by an artificial intelligence software (Heartassist™). The Cohen’s κ coefficient was used to evaluate the agreement rates between both techniques.

Results

The number and percentage of images considered adequate visually by the expert or with Heartassist™ were similar with a percentage >87 % for all the cardiac views considered. The Cohen’s κ coefficient values were for the four-chamber view 0.827 (95 % CI 0.662–0.992), 0.814 (95 % CI 0.638–0.990) for left ventricle outflow tract, 0.838 (95 % CI 0.683–0.992) and three vessel trachea view 0.866 (95 % CI 0.717–0.999), indicating a good agreement between the two techniques.

Conclusions

Heartassist™ allows to obtain the automatic evaluation of fetal cardiac views, reached the same accuracy of expert visual assessment and has the potential to be applied in the evaluation of fetal heart during second trimester ultrasonographic screening of fetal anomalies.
How European Research Libraries Can Support Citizen-Enhanced Open Science
Authors: Kaarsted Thomas , Blake Oliver , Nielsen Kristian Hvidtfelt , Alving Berit , Rasmussen Lotte Thing , Overgaard Anne Kathrine , Hansen Sebrina Maj-Britt
Published: April 2023

Citizen science is spreading and numerous centres, services, or “hubs” within the field are manifesting themselves at European universities. Research libraries can potentially play a central role in advancing citizen science and open science. Building on a scoping literature review, a survey with 125 respondents, and an in-depth follow-up survey of 29 research libraries as part of the Citizen-enhanced Open Science in Southeastern Europe Higher Education Knowledge Hubs (CeOS_SE) project, this article outlines the current state and potential of citizen-enhanced open science (CE-OS) among European research libraries and presents a series of strategic and operational reflections for the future. Overall, research libraries report a high degree of understanding of both open science and citizen science and their applicability for society and research, but only few report the presence of services or infrastructure. Also, approximately half of the libraries engage in, or experiment with, citizen science. Common barriers exist such as resources, funding, strategy, and lack of policy. From these data, we present a typology to better understand how research libraries currently engage with citizen science and the steps that have been taken in this field. However, the overarching conclusion is that CE-OS with regards to European research libraries is contextual. There is no one size fits all.
Recent developments in sago starch thermoplastic bio-composites
Authors: Silviana S. , Dalanta Febio
Published: April 2023

The thermoplastic-based starch has been increasingly demanding in recent years due to its high potential to substitute conventional plastic usage. Sago has been recognized as one of the sources of starch with a large abundance. This chapter mainly emphasized the modification of sago starch using different additives for biodegradable plastic. The other starch modifications are also discussed, including the effect of epoxidized waste cooking oil (EWCO) addition as a plasticizer, lime juice’s citric acid as a crosslinker on the physical and chemical characteristics of the modified starch composites. The results mainly showed the advantages of reinforcing sago starch with plasticizers, nanoparticles, nanocellulose, fibers, and cross-linking agents, such as increasing the mechanical strength, higher thermal stability, and higher biodegradability. Therefore, the thermoplastic films from sago starch provide a promising potential to be further developed for practical applications.
The syntax of wh-phrases, narrow foci, and neg-words in Georgian
Authors: Borise Lena
Published: April 2023

This paper demonstrates that narrow foci and wh-phrases, even in a language where they have (nearly-)identical surface distributions, do not have the same syntax – and, as such, are not a uniform category. Specifically, it shows that foci and wh-phrases in Georgian appear immediately preverbally but are derived differently. The evidence comes from standard syntactic tests and language-specific ones: I show that, in Georgian, neg-words can serve as a tool for determining the structural positions of other constituents, and foci and wh-phrases have different distributional properties with respect to neg-words. Based on this, I demonstrate that wh-phrases in Georgian undergo A-bar movement to the specifier of a dedicated projection, accompanied by verb raising. Preverbal foci remain in situ, while the material intervening between the narrow focus and the verb undergoes displacement. This demonstrates that what looks like unified preverbal placement of foci and wh-phrases corresponds to the outcomes of two independent syntactic processes. Additional support for this approach is provided by the analysis of the distribution of postverbal foci, also allowed in Georgian. The Georgian facts, I argue, support the hypothesis that syntactic/semantic notions (e.g., [+Q]) are encoded as syntactic features that drive movement. On the other hand, purely information-structural notions (e.g., semantically non-exhaustive focus) are not encoded syntactically, and, as such, cannot trigger syntactic movement – but can impose their own syntax-prosody mapping requirements onto the syntactic structure.
Hoffnung trübt den Blick – Ein „Generationenkapital“ ist weder treffsicher noch effizient
Authors: Pimpertz Jochen
Published: April 2023

The German federal government hopes to generate revenue by investing a capital stock in state hands to slow down the threatening increase in contribution rates in the mandatory pay-as-you-go pension insurance. However, there is not only a lack of capital but also of pension policy targets. Even if one wanted to build up the capital stock financed by credit, a minimum-pension level would benefit not only the needy but all those entitled to it. Instead, the goals can be realised more efficiently with funded private pension provision and means-tested subsidies for households at risk of poverty.
Theologische Positionen zu Transhumanismus und KI – ein Überblick
Authors: van Oorschot Frederike
Published: April 2023

Das Paper kartiert die deutschsprachige theologische Debatte über KI und Transhumanismus. Herausgearbeitet werden elf Topoi theologischer Rede über KI und Transhumanismus: Der Menschen als Schöpfer der Maschine; menschgleiche Maschine; maschinengleicher Mensch; Ende der Sozialität; Ende des (verantwortlichen) Handelns; Ende der Freiheit; Wirklichkeitskontrolle der Maschinen; Ende der schöpfungshaften Ontologie; Abschaffung des Todes; Singularität; Transhumanismus als Religion oder Ideologie. Die Rekonstruktionen der Topoi zeigt eine starke anthropologische Fokussierung, wodurch die entstehende Technik-Imagination stark von der jeweiligen theologischen Anthropologie geprägt ist – und weniger von gegenwärtigen KI-Technologien. Dieses Phänomen der „Spiegelimagination“ wird abschließend auf die Implikationen für die weitere theologische Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Technologien hin diskutiert.
Namibia’s Intractable Land Question
Authors: Tjirera Ellison
Published: April 2023

German colonial rule, followed by South African occupation, left Namibia with lasting patterns of extreme inequality in land ownership. Reform plans issued in recent decades have yielded little relief for the landless majority, including urban dwellers. Despite the emergence of new social movements demanding change, political elites who have become large landowners show few signs of willingness to pursue transformative measures. A recent agreement with Germany to make amends for genocide has also failed to satisfy calls for land reparations.
The Expansion of Women’s Rights in Africa
Authors: Tripp Aili Mari
Published: April 2023

Twenty years after the African Union adopted the Maputo Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa, constitutional and legislative provisions on women’s rights have proliferated across the continent. Sub-Saharan Africa has achieved some of the world’s highest rates of improvement in women’s economic empowerment. African women have also been at the forefront of global efforts to increase female representation in political and business leadership, peacebuilding, and other areas. But progress on women’s rights has been weaker in the domain of family law on issues including inheritance rights and reproductive freedom. Africa also ranks lowest in closing the gender gap in education, despite major gains at the primary school level.
France’s Black Citizens in West Africa
Authors: Du Bois W. E. B.
Published: April 2023

Excerpts from a Current History essay published in 1925.
Autoimmune hypothyroidism and trastuzumab therapy: a rare association
Authors: Lopes Valentim , Machado Catarina , De Sousa Lages Adriana
Published: April 2023

We report a case of a woman with a diagnosis of breast cancer who unintentionally started gaining weight, feeling tired, and constipated 44 weeks after the initiation of trastuzumab. Hypothyroidism secondary to an autoimmune thyroiditis associated with trastuzumab was diagnosed, the first case described in Portugal and the fourth case described worldwide. Our intention regarding the publication of this case report is to alert the clinicians treating people with trastuzumab that they should ask the patients about symptoms of hypothyroidism and should screen the thyroid function of the patients before, during, and after the initiation of trastuzumab.

Learning points

Trastuzumab is a humanized MAB used in HER2-positive breast and gastric cancer.

Trastuzumab-associated autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is rare (incidence rate in an RCT of 0.3%).

Manifestations of autoimmune thyroiditis associated with trastuzumab resemble those of hypothyroidism in other clinical contexts, but the presence of goiter is highlighted as a reason for medical evaluation. Biochemically, it is characterized by an increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with or without a low FT4/FT3, and sonographically with a pattern of thyroiditis.

The treatment consists of levothyroxine, in a dose of 1.6–1.8 µg/kg/day, with re-evaluation of the thyroid function in 4–6 weeks.

We report the first case of autoimmune thyroiditis secondary to trastuzumab in Portugal.

It is important to evaluate the thyroid function before, during, and after the initiation of this therapeutic agent.
Polymer systems for oral delivery of insulin
Authors: Yerlan Gulzhan , Tyussyupova Bakyt , Tazhibayeva Sagdat , Musabekov Kuanyshbek
Published: April 2023

Diabetes mellitus is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide and remains a serious health problem. More than half a billion people worldwide have diabetes, which occurs when the body is unable to produce insulin or due to the inefficient use of the produced insulin. To keep blood glucose levels within the acceptable norm, people with type 1 diabetes need daily injections of insulin. Even though insulin remains an indispensable drug in the treatment of diabetes, its injectable form prevents its wider use. To eliminate the barriers associated with the injectable form of insulin, improve ease of use, and supply therapeutic benefits, a lot of work is underway to create an oral form of insulin. This review is devoted to the presentation of general information about modern achievements in the creation of an oral form of insulin. The paper describes the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its treatment, methods of protein encapsulation, difficulties in the use of oral insulin, as well as various approaches that have been taken to overcome barriers to the creation of an oral form of insulin. The latest achievements in the use of mucoadhesive polymers and hydrogels for drug delivery are considered. Mucoadhesive polymers such as chitosan and alginate are attracting increasing attention due to their properties such as pH sensitivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Methods of encapsulation of protein drugs with the use of spray drying, emulsification, and deposition of polymer materials by complexation are presented.
The I-Author Image in the Structure of Literary Discourse
Authors: Kononenko Vitalii
Published: April 2023

The article studies the basis of the functional use of the author's self-image (I-author) as a constituent part of the literary discourse. The literary author’s position is based on them being the subject of study, a generalized carrier of the national culture of a certain period; this image may lose their personification features and become the interpreter of the traditional knowledge. At the same time, the author’s perception as the one conveying artistic relies on the theory of communicative activity, narratology, linguopoetics, stylistics, psycholinguistics, etc.

The image of the I-author is perceived as a “mask” structured in the text, a carrier of a literary meaningful I-position, subjective intentions, and this figure hides an idealized author in various implementations on the one hand, while on the other hand it is a narrator close to a real or fictitious character, kind of a phantasmagorical figure. In any of its artistic incarnations, this image is relative, transformed, combining the features of various actors – an agent, character, witness, lyrical hero, who get changed in the process of becoming various positive, negative, or phantasmagorical figures. The position of the I-author as a part of the text creation process acquires different formal features; however, even when they try to avoid the role of an active figure the functional meaning remains and is felt at the level of deep meaning and subconscious understanding.

Changes in the stylistic function of the I-author are caused by the desire to identify themselves as a character of the story, the one chosen because of the conditions of conveying the I-author position, as well as subjective-evaluative intentions, at least to some extent. The variability of this image embodiment relies on the discursive possibilities of it being included into a certain prose, poetic, or dramatic context, based on the description of contemporary or historical events, the desire to be or not to be relatable to the reader, to become similar to “others” or to rise above the cultural, educational, and social level of the reader. The indirect influence of the target audience is reflected both in direct “communication” with the recipient of the literary text and at the level of striving for mutual understanding, taking into account common semi-known moods and experiences, and ultimately at the level of a common linguistic world picture reproduction.
Politological Science in the Carpathian Region after the Declaration of Independence
Authors: Tsependa Ihor
Published: April 2023

The article dwells on the state, achievements and research perspectives of the political science school of the Carpathian region scholars. It analyses the whole complex of debatable issues under study that scientists have been working on lately relying on the social demand regarding Ukrainian political processes coverage. The research revolves around certain political aspects of the general topic "Western Ukraine in the national liberation movement and in the processes of state-building". It provides analysis of the historical participation of Western Ukrainian lands in national state-building processes and in national liberation movement, ways of establishing the unity of Ukraine in the historical and political context, as well as political aspects of state-building. Political scientists of the Carpathian region have worked out a scientifically valid position condemning Russia's imperial ambitions regarding the independent Ukrainian state.
Humanitarian Crisis of Civilization in the Context of Russian Aggression: Discursive-Cultural and Mental-Worldview Aspects
Authors: Melnyk Yaroslav
Published: April 2023

There are various angles one can view the military aggression of Russia against Ukraine and the entire civilized world from: political, historical, economic and other, yet it can also be considered in a much larger framework – mental and cultural. This aspect is the least discussed in the scientific circles; however, it is impossible to understand the essence of geopolitical processes disregarding the given segment of the modern world picture. This paper deals with an analysis of the worldview model of an average citizen of the Russian Federation, and they account for about 80 percent of the ethno-demographic array; it also extrapolates intellectual reflections to the European socio-cultural space. The research revolves around such basic impact factors as language, communication, media space, and society. The whole century of constant information interventions, methodically carried out by the political and propaganda industry from the territory of Russia, resulted in the appearance of a specific mental and worldview space. Its common representative’s mentality and reality perception characteristically is invariably clouded by the following elements: the lack of trust to any other nation (we talk about cultural phenomena here), groundless self-admiration, understanding of personal helplessness, irresponsibility, following a totalitarian leader and his utopian ideas. In this realm, one can find an explanation for the low ethical level and lack conscience of the common citizen of the Russian Federation, his petty worldview, cruelty and antagonism towards the Ukrainian people. All the social-mental characteristics of the Russian nation serve to prove the deep crisis of the spiritual sphere and the agony of the "Russian world" as such. Its desperate lunges towards independent Ukraine, other post-Soviet republics, and the civilized world in general are in fact a manifestation of collective mental disorders, they contain metastases aimed at fairly marginalized segments of the Eurasian reality and make up a recurring phenomenon.

In his research, the author relies on the interfield material in social sciences and humanities, on the analysis of communicative behavior of political leaders and representatives of the cultural and scientific elite of modern Russia, on media products of propaganda channels, on the content of social networks, etc. The article introduces the typology of the main characterological features of the modern Russia mental space.
Ukrainian Anthropology: a Glimpse from the Past
Authors: Kononenko Vitalii
Published: April 2023

Review - Vovk, Kh. (1976). Studies in Ukrainian ethnography and anthropology. New York: Goverlia. 356 p.
Formation of the motivational-value component of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher
Authors: Teplova Natalia
Published: April 2023

The article considers the component structure of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher. The author analyzed a large amount of research in the field of the component structure of the professional culture of the individual, the motivational sphere of pedagogical activity, and the professional training of a music teacher. The formation of the motivational-value component occupies an important place in the development of the professional culture of the personality of the future teacher. The author highlights the motivational-value component as one of the priorities in the structure of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher. Russian sacred music is chosen as a means of influencing the motivational sphere of students and the professional culture of the future teacher in general. The paper defines the importance of the chosen means, emphasizes the special educational potential of Russian sacred music and the insufficiency of its use in the professional training of the future music teacher. The motivational-value component of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher is realized in the process of analyzing, performing and listening to Russian sacred music, and music is presented as a value of the world musical culture. The article presents the results of a study of the levels of the motivational-value component of the professional culture of a future music teacher. The author reveals the features of the study of Russian sacred music, presents the forms and methods of working with students, demonstrates the results of his work to increase the level of the motivational-value component of the students' professional culture. The effectiveness of the work is manifested in a positive interest in samples of Russian sacred music and forms the motivation for independent extracurricular activities of students.
The logic of the development of Moscow scientific school of S. L. Rubinstein and its contribution to general and pedagogical psychology (for the 50th anniversary of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences)
Authors: Semenov Igor , Kovaleva Natalia
Published: April 2023

In connection with the 50th anniversary of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the role of S. L. Rubinstein, the leader of Soviet human studies in the mid-twentieth century, and the contribution of his scientific school to the formation of this research center are analyzed. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to study the impact of this school on modern human knowledge. For it is still one of the largest in Russian psychology: seven of its main participants were elected full members or honorary academicians of the RAO, and three of them were directors of the NIOPP APN of the USSR and IPAN / IPRAN. The novelty of the article is that for the first time it systematically summarizes the personology of the life creation of S.L. Rubinstein and a number of participants of his school in the institutional conditions of the development of psychology of the Soviet/post-Soviet period. The cultural and creative achievements of the founder and participants of the school in the study of general and pedagogical psychology of abilities, giftedness, thinking, personality, social interactions and education in a number of leading scientific and university institutions (LGPU, MSU, PI RAO, IFAN, IIEiT, IP RAS) are characterized. The constructive role of cognitive and organizational activity of S. L. Rubinstein's students in the formation of IPAN and the modern development of IP RAS as a center of fundamental psychological research, including in the socio-cultural context of modernization of pedagogy and education, is shown.
The Abstract Book of the XX Conference for Junior Scientists in Psychology
Authors: Kairytė Agnietė , Mikučionytė Dovilė , Nomeikaitė Augustė
Published: April 2023

Conference for Junior Scientists in Psychology is an annual event organized by Ph.D. students at Vilnius University, Institute of Psychology. The conference gives an opportunity for psychology students and junior researchers from various universities in Lithuania to present their scientific work and findings. In 2023, the conference focused on the importance of community and collaboration in research work.
P. Ricoeur’s Creative Imagination: The Source of Narrative Identity and Social Justice
Authors: Aleksandravičius Povilas
Published: April 2023

The paper analyses Paul Ricoeur’s concept of creative imagination and shows how this essential element of human consciousness determines personal and societal identity and how it can be a source of just social norms and of ‘good life’ (vie bonne). The imagination, which is characterized by semantic innovations and a heuristic function, creates a dynamic narrative defining a human being and opens as specific rationality surpassing purely argumentative rationality and allowing to solve conflicts of social norms. The ethical aspect of this process, implying a triple structure I/other/just institutiones, creates conditions for the realization of the dialectic of justice and love in the political space; due to the dialectic, innovative ways for the realization of social justice become possible. Critical questions intended to open up the perspective for further thinking are posed at the end of the paper.
Theory of the Death Drive as a Model for Speculative Philosophy: Land, Brassier, Negarestani, and Bataille
Authors: Tuomas Linartas
Published: April 2023

This paper deals with Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of the death drive from the perspective of speculative philosophy. For this purpose, three philosophers have been chosen: Nick Land, Ray Brassier, and Reza Negarestani. I claim that they gradually radicalised the Freudian thought: Land expanded it to capitalist economy and terrestrial geotrauma; Brassier shifted it towards a solar catastrophe and the prospect of extinction; Negarestani incorporated it into the exteriority of cosmic contingency. This way, Freud’s legacy emerges as a transcendental, epistemological and speculative instrument to tackle Meillassoux’s problem of correlation. I consider why this trajectory has ceased: I suggest a hypothesis that Bataille’s influence has not been overcome, especially in the case of Negarestani. I offer several vectors, according to which, Bataille could serve as an opportunity for openness to the Outside and a chance to continue the trajectory of the speculative death drive. I suggest that it is possible to reconsider Bataille as one of the precursors to the contemporary speculative thought.
Vosylius Sezemanas. Interrelation of Mind and Body. The Main Thoughts (translatiion)
Authors: Jonkus Dalius
Published: April 2023

Pratarmę, rankraščio nuorašą ir vertimą parengė Dalius Jonkus, Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas
The New Old Translation of Plato’s Ion
Authors: Aleknienė Tatjana
Published: April 2023

Platonas, 2022. Iš senosios graikų kalbos vertė, įvadą ir komentarus parengė Mantas Adomėnas. Opera Platonis. Vilnius: Phi knygos, 128 p. ISBN 9786098236255.
Non-adaequatio: Negative Dialectics in-between Kant and Hegel
Authors: Pocius Audrius
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to frame Adorno’s concept of ‘nonidentity’ in the context of German idealism, namely, the philosophies of Kant and Hegel. The thesis to be defended is that “Secularization of Metaphysics” entails relinquishing, as well as prolongation of the German idealist tradition. The argument is developed in the following steps: 1) the constitution of an autonomous transcendental subject is shown to be rooted in the idea of Enlightenment; 2) by reconstructing Adorno’s conception of truth as non-adaequatio, I claim that Adorno’s philosophy is conducted from the perspective of the end of philosophy; 3) the sociohistorical character of the concept of ‘nonidentity’ is discussed in relation to Adorno’s understanding of history; 4) the concept of ‘nonidentity’ is discussed as implying a continuation of the Kantian project on a metacritical level; 5) Adorno’s critique of Kant is reconstructed in the context of Hegel’s Faith and Knowledge.
Three Interpretations of the Truth of a Work of Art – Gadamer, Heidegger, Šliogeris
Authors: Daknys Mantas
Published: April 2023

This article examines interpretations of ontological truth of the work of art in the philosophies of Arvydas Šliogeris, Hans G. Gadamer and Martin Heidegger. All of them believe that artwork may reveal the ontological truth. This common feature suggests the possibility to consider these three interpretations as a Heideggerian-type understanding of art. This paper argues that, while sharing the belief about the possibility of ontological truth in the artwork, their concepts of truth are fundamentally different, precisely because of the relation with language. In the first part of the article, the ontologies of works of art, the structures of experience, the importance of language and the interpretations of truth by the three philosophers are discussed. The second part explicates the essential points of tension and similarities between their concepts of ontology and the truth of artwork. The research reveals that language, as the basic plane of the junction with the world, in the experience of a work of art is more misleading than truth-revealing.
Educational Perspective: AI, Deep Learning, and Creativity
Authors: Dainys Augustinas , Jašinauskas Linas
Published: April 2023

Can artificial intelligence (AI) teach and learn more creatively than humans? The article analyses deep learning theory, which follows a deterministic model of learning, since every intellectual procedure of an artificial agent is supported by concrete neural connections in an artificial neural network. Meanwhile, human creative reasoning follows a non-deterministic model. The article analyses Bayes’ theorem, in which a reasoning system makes judgments about the probability of future events based on events that have happened to it. Meillassoux’s open probability and M. A. Boden’s three types of creativity are discussed. A comparison is made between the a priori algorithm of the Turing machine and a playing child, who invents new a posteriori algorithms while playing. The Heideggerian perspective on the co-creativity of humans and thinking machines is analyzed. The authors conclude that humans have an open horizon for teaching and learning, and that makes them superior with respect to creativity in an educational perspective.
Evaluation of aerial parts of Echium angustifolium on ciguatoxins toxicity using molecular modeling and albino mice models
Authors: A Sadawe Inass , A Gbaj Amira , Algheryane Abdelraouf O , H Meiqal Nisreen , M Bensaber Salah , AA Alshoushan Abdulathim , A Gbaj Halima , Salem Maamar Massaud , Hermann Anton , M Gbaj Abdul
Published: April 2023

Ciguatoxin (CTX) is a polyether neurotoxin compound produced by microalgae (dinoflagellate, Gambierdiscus spp). The toxin is accumulated and transformed throughout the sea food chain causing many life-threatening neurological problems in Libya and other Mediterranean and North African countries and eventually may cause death. The plant species Echium angustifolium which is locally known as “Hannet Al-Aggrab” contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoids and other constituents that are known for their numerous biological activities. For treatments of ciguatera fish poisoning the plant has not been studied so far in the Mediterranean and North Africa regions. In the present study, Echium angustifolium aqueous extract was evaluated for its ability to reduce or revoke the effect of ciguatoxins in mice. Molecular docking and in vivo animal studies were performed in order to determine the potential effect of Echium angustifolium aqueous extract against ciguatoxicity. The content of Echium angustifolium extract was evaluated using molecular modeling against ciguatoxin on sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) voltage-gated channels. Hesperetin was found the most active compounds with a Gibbs energy of -8.5Kcal/mol. For K+ voltage-gated channels was ellagic acid which was the most active compounds with a Gibbs energy of -9.0Kcal/mol. Our results revealed that Echium angustifolium constituents form hydrogen bonds with active sites of Na+ and K+ channels and protect the mice from ciguatoxin toxicity with a statistically significant difference of the extract compared to controls with p value less than 0.01. We propose that Echium angustifolium constituents can be used to prevent ciguatoxin toxicity. Further chemical synthesis of analogues and in vivo studies will be necessary to substantiate the obtained results.
Potential circulating biomarkers of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability in patients in the early recovery period of atherothrombotic stroke
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Mykhalojko O. Ya. , Mykhalojko I. Ya. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine;
Published: April 2023

Despite the informative value of ultrasound examination of atherosclerotic vascular lesions, predicting­ the plaque vulnerabili­ty remains difficult. Circulating blood biomarkers could provide additional criteria that would allow better determination of the risk of recurrent stroke. The aim of our study was to estimate the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in the blood of patients in the early recovery period of atherothrombotic stroke depending on the density of atherosclerotic plaque according to duplex scanning of cerebral vessels. Clinical and laboratory analysis of 69 men and 61 women aged (60.42 ± 7.40) years in the early recovery period of atherothrombotic stroke was conducted. Depending on the structure of the atherosclerotic plaque the examinees were divided into two groups with stable (n = 80) and unstable (n = 50) atherosclerotic layers. The blood lipid spectrum was examined on a biochemical analyzer Screen master, the level of CRP was determined with a diagnostic kit and that of Lp-PLA2 by ELISA. Significantly higher levels of LDL, CRP and Lp-PLA2 were observed in patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaque compared to patients with stable atherosclerotic plaque in the early recovery period of atherothrombotic stroke. The increased level of LDL, CRP, and Lp-PLA2 in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis can be considered as an indicator of the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques, prone to rupture, and as a prognostic marker of repeated acute ischemic events. Keywords: atherosclerotic plaque, C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, low density lipoproteins, recovery period of ischemic stroke