bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Dengan Status Gingiva Pada Pasien Pemakai Orthodonsi Cekat di Klinik Gigi Swasta
Authors: Esa Jamina Putri , Haryani Wiworo , Yuniarly Etty
Published: June 2019

Knowledge of dental and oral health includes 4 items: maintaining healthy teeth and mouth, consuming the right foods, avoiding bad habits, and using fluorine. The fixed orthodontics consist of a bracket attached to the tooth and used for a long time, so the tooth is very difficult to clean and often has gingival inflammation or gingivitis. To determine the relationship between dental and oral health knowledge with gingival status on fixed orthodontic users in private dental clinics. The type of research used was observational with cross sectional design. Sampling technique is by purposive sampling. The study time lasted from October to November 2017 at a private dental clinic. The instrument of this research is questionnaire and format of examination of gingival status. Data were analyzed using Kendall Tau Correlation test. The level of knowledge of respondents with high category is 75%, gingival status of respondents with healthy category is 60% and the number of respondents who have high knowledge with healthy gingival status is 71.1%. The result of statistical test using correlation test of Kendall Tau known significance value (p) 0.003 then the value is smaller than α = 0,05 (p <0,05). Oral and dental knowledge is associated with gingival status in fixed orthodontic patients.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Fungsi Gigi Terhadap Status Gizi Manula Yang Kehilangan Gigi Sebagian Di Kecamatan Mamasa Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Alfriani Rangga , A’yun Quroti , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: June 2019

Teeth had very important roles and functions so that someone with poor knowledge on tooth function might have poor oral health. The poor condition of the oral cavity might cause tooth loss and if not replaced with denture would disturb the functions and activities of the oral cavity, as well as influencing nutritional status.  Determining the relation between knowledge on tooth function and nutritional status of elderly people with partial tooth loss in Mamasa Sub-district, West Sulawesi. This was an observational analytical study with Cross-Sectional design performed on September–November 2017. The research variables were knowledge on tooth function and nutritional status. The total sample was 64 people. Sampling used stratified random sampling technique. Data collection used questionnaire, body height measurement tool, and body weight scale. Data analysis used Kendall-Tau test. Most of the respondents’ knowledge on tooth function was high and most of the nutritional status of the elderly people were poor. The result of analysis test showed significance value of p=0,285 in male respondents and p=0,971 in female respondents (p>0,05), showing no significant relationship between knowledge on tooth function and nutritional status of elderly people with partial tooth loss. There was no relation between knowledge on tooth function and nutritional status of elderly people with partial tooth loss.
Pengaruh derajat keasaman pH saliva terhadap angka kejadian karies gigi (DMF-T) anak sekolah dasar umur 9-14 tahun 2018
Authors: Rusmali Rusmali , Abral Abral , Ibraar Ayatullah Muhammad
Published: June 2019

The incidence of dental caries in children is very vulnerable because children have not been able to maintain dental and oral hygiene, one effort that can be done is to provide education in the form of how to brush teeth properly and correctly. The next step is to help the teeth to be more resistant to acid due to the acidogenic metabolism of plaque and food scraps, one of which can be done is smearing the teeth with a fluoride solution. This fluorine solution works or binds the arrangement of interpreting to become denser so that the acid from the results of metabolism by germs so that there is no demineralization of tooth enamel. This study aims to describe the effect of the application of SnF or NaF fluorine to Saliva pH of 9-14-year-old elementary school children in Pontianak City in 2018. The research method uses Explanatory Research, surveys with direct examination to apply SnF or NaF fluorine and salivary pH measurements with a paper indicator to see the pH of saliva. The type of research used is descriptive analytics, to see the average Saliva pH after fluorine application, see the effect of fluorine application, see the magnitude of the influence of R2 and see the level of verification. The test used in Regression. The results of the research conducted on 186 samples obtained the average data, namely female respondents as much as 52.2%, age of 11 years old elementary school children as much as 33.3%, Saliva 7 pH as much as 58.6%, fluorine application (R) effect amounted to .45, the amount of influence (R2) of fluorine application is 45% and Siq value. 0,000 <0,005. The conclusion is that the effect of the application of SnF or NaF fluorine to Saliva pH in elementary school age children aged 9-14 years with an average pH 7 (58.6%) with a magnitude of fluorine influence of 45%, the level of qualification is very strong because of the value siq. 0,000 <0,005.
The Physiochemical properties, sensory evaluation and shelf life of corn flour supplemented with Acheta gossypii (cricket) flour
Authors: Ehoche Elijah Edache , Oluwafunmi Akanya , Oluwafunmilola Adefolalu Folasade
Published: June 2019

Most consumed diets are made from corn and are deficient in proteins. Corn flour was made from fermented and dried yellow corn and supplemented with 5 and 10 % proteins of crickets. The diets were analyzed for the following physiochemical properties: swelling index, wettability, bulk density, solubility, and water holding capacity as well as sensory characteristics in a 7 point hedonic scale and the maintaining quality of each diet. Standard methods for physiochemical properties were used, and the microbial assay was also to analyze the diets at refrigerated and non-refrigerated conditions. The swelling index(1.83-2.00 g), gelatinization temperature ( 66.3 -72.3°C), wettability (22.0-120 seconds), and bulk density (0.59 - 0.67 mg/mL), significantly increased but solubility (14.1 - 3.00%), and oil-water holding capacity ( 90-65 %) reduced significantly in the cricket supplemented diets over the corn flour ( p< 0.05). The sensory characteristics from both the adult and children scored above average on the 7 points hedonic scale, with a major preference for the 5 % cricket supplemented the diet. It is noteworthy that in the 4 weeks of shelf life experiment, all the diets were found to be devoid of the growth of coliforms, yeast and the only occurrence of the mold is below the harmful threshold except with the 10 % cricket supplemented non-refrigerated diet with the growth of B. subtilis on the 3rd week of the experiment. However, the growth of this bacterium is below a harmful threshold. Proper handling and processing are safest before consumption. Supplementations of corn flour with cricket have been found to improve the nutritional quality of corn and may, therefore, be able to solve the problem of malnutrition.
Purification and characterization of recombinant Streptokinase expressed in E.coli from Streptococcus equisimilis with N-terminal methionine
Authors: Vadla Pavan Kumar , Tummuru Murali , Kumar Dinesh
Published: June 2019

Streptokinase is a extracellular enzyme which is extracted from strains of beta Hemolytic streptococcus. The enzyme is a non-protease plasminogen activator that activates plasminogen to plasmin and degrades fibrin clot through its specific lysine binding site which is used in thrombolytic therapy. Purification of streptokinase produced from S.equisimilis in E.coli with N-terminal methionine was carried out in 3 Chromatography purification steps, 1) CM-Sepharose-FF at pH 4.2 followed by concentration and dialysis over night with Tris-HCl pH 8.0. Partially purified dialyzed enzyme sample was loaded on to 2) DEAE-Sepharose-FF column. The Purified fractions of DEAE column were pooled and applied on to Sephadex G-100 column. Enzyme purity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC.Its biological activity is determined by specific streptokinase assay and characterised the enzyme by Peptide mapping, MALDI-TOF, Isoelectric-focusing and RP-HPLC. The isoelectric point (pI) of streptokinase is around 4.98.The results of characterization shows that it contains two forms (Isomers) of streptokinase expressed in E. coli which was analyzed by RP-HPLC and chromogenic assay. The variation is formed by isomer-1 in which 85% of Streptokinase expressed without methionine (85000IU/mg) and Isomer-2 in which 15% of streptokinase expressed with methionine (nil activity) in E. coli. This phenomenon shows that the presence and absence of methionine in isomers of streptokinase varying the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
The concentration of NaCl soaking to decreasing cyanide levels in Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst)
Authors: Kresnadipayana Dian , Waty Helmy Indra
Published: June 2019

Cyanide is one component contained in gadung tubers, and therefore, consuming gadung that contains more than 1 ppm of cyanide can cause nausea and intoxication. This research aims to study the effect of concentration variation of NaCl soaking to the decrease of cyanide levels in gadung. This research is an experimental study with three treatment. Testing is only done once. Samples of gadung were soaked by NaCl (0% 1% 3% 5%) for 3 days. Determination of cyanide content in gadung used the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method by adding Ninhydrin 0.1% in Na2CO3 2% and NaOH 0.1 % in the sample filtrate. Result of this research had shown that cyanide content in gadung before NaCl soaking was 4.42 ppm and after NaCl soaking (0% 1% 3% 5%) were 3.52; 2.53; 0.43 and 0.01 ppm, respectively.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in diabetic and non-diabetic patients of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Kiyani Mubin Mustafa , Jahan Saira , Kiyani Sania Khawar , Rehman Hamza , Khan Lal Gul , Iqbal Umar
Published: June 2019

The pervasiveness of global endemic of type II diabetes, driven by population development, increasing obesity, urbanization, and other additional unidentified factors may be crumpled in the next 20yrs. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of ESR in diabetic and non-diabetic patients of cardiovascular diseases. It is a co-relational study conducted at KRL hospital Islamabad from February 2018 to September 2018. The study population compromised a total of 180 cases aged 45 to 50 years were taken, in which 60 cases of CVD with DM, 60 cases of CVD without DM and 60 normal healthy population were taken. All patients and controls gave written informed consent. All subjects went through a general physical examination, and a questionnaire was used to collect the records about demographics and past medical history and existing use of medications. In the presented study, Pearson's Correlation between ESR of healthy and ESR of CVD without DM shows a weak correlation between these two variables i.e., 0.127 with a p-value of 0.503. We also establish that there is a direct intermediate relationship between ESR of healthy and ESR of CVD with DM. High level of ESR in CVD patients might indicate the prognosis of DM. To confirm this further researches and studies must be conducted in this area
O O princípio da capacidade contributiva é limitado aos impostos?
Authors: Nadir Júnior Amery Moisés , De Melo Robson Juscelino
Published: June 2019

Este artigo, de cunho bibliográfico, objetiva investigar se o princípio da capacidade contributiva é limitado aos impostos ou abrangeria todas as espécies de tributos: impostos, taxas, contribuições e empréstimos compulsórios. Para tanto, com base na doutrina dominante e na jurisprudência, discorre-se sobre as diferenças entre princípio, norma e regra, as principais particularidades do princípio da capacidade contributiva, previsto no § 1º do artigo 145 da Constituição Federal de 1988, e o âmbito de sua aplicação. Este tema é de relevante importância, considerando que o Brasil é um dos paises mais desiguais do mundo, e o princípio da capacidade contributiva está associado ao princípio da igualdade, à ideia de justiça fiscal e de equidade na tributação. O estudo conclui que o princípio da capacidade contributiva deve ser aplicado a todas as espécies tributárias, assim como na concessão de incentivos fiscais.
A importância da engenharia legal no processo civil
Authors: DE CARVALHO HERBERT ASSUNÇÃO , Santos Honayran Sousa
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo visa dar visibilidade à engenharia legal como uma importante ferramenta para resolução das lides dentro dos processos judiciais, como prova e formação de opinião concreta para as tomadas de decisões do poder judiciário em questões relacionadas à perícias e avaliações na área da engenharia civil. O objetivo primordial é demonstrar como o ramo da engenharia legal pode auxiliar o Poder Judiciário nas tomadas de decisões, levando em consideração os aspectos técnicos da engenharia civil. Ressalta-se a importância de se haver uma base técnica e legal, para que as lides entre as partes se resolvam da melhor forma possível, levando em consideração a interdependência entre as ciências do Direito e da Engenharia Civil, além da necessidade de se demonstrar a importância da abordagem do tema nas grades curriculares do Curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil.
Alcance da isenção do IRPF para os portadores de doença grave que permanecem trabalhando. Recente submissão do tema ao controle concentrado de constitucionalidade
Authors: De Moura Wesley Luiz
Published: June 2019

A presente reflexão busca apresentar um breve panorama da atual jurisprudência relativa ao alcance (rendimentos da atividade) da isenção do Imposto de Renda Pessoa Física – IRPF na hipótese em que o contribuinte se encontra acometido por doença grave, destacando o paradigma forjado na Quarta Seção do Tribunal Regional Federal da Primeira Região e o ingresso de recentíssima Ação Declaratória de Inconstitucionalidade pela Procuradoria-Geral da República no Supremo Tribunal Federal.
Removal of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution by oat biomass (Avena sativa)
Authors: Pacheco-Castillo Nancy Cecilia , Cárdenas-González Juan Fernando , Moctezuma Zarate María de Guadalupe , Martínez-Juárez Víctor Manuel , Rodríguez-Pérez Adriana , Acosta-Rodríguez Ismael
Published: June 2019

Chromium (VI) removal capacity in aqueous solution by oat biomass was analyzed by the diphenylcarbazide method. Bioadsorption was evaluated at different pH values (1, 2, 3 and 4) and at different times. The effect of temperature in the range of 28 °C to 60 °C and the removal at different initial Cr (VI) concentrations of 200 to 1000 mg/L were also studied. The highest bioadsorption (100% with 100 mg/L of the metal and 1 g of biomass) was at 8 h, at pH of 1.0 and 28 °C. With regard to temperature, the highest removal was to 60 oC, with a 100% removal at 90 min. Removal was more efficient when higher concentrations of biomass were used (100%, 3 h and 5 g of biomass). Untreated biomass (washed and ground biomass) showed excellent metal removal capacity in situ, 82.6% and 85.3% removal in contaminated soil and water, respectively, after 10 days of incubation, using 25 g of the biomass (100 mL of water). These results show that Cr (VI) can be removed from
industrial wastewater using oat biomass.
Effect of aluminum in Bacillus megaterium nickel resistance and removal capability
Authors: Rivas-Castillo Andrea M. , Guatemala-Cisneros María Elena , Rojas-Avelizapa Norma G.
Published: June 2019

The increasing water pollution by heavy metals is considered an alarming situation worldwide, due to the adverse impact they cause in ecosystems and human health. Although conventional techniques are available to diminish the metal concentration present in water bodies, they offer disadvantages, like inefficient metal removal, toxic sludge generation, and high operating costs. In contrast, biotechnological approaches may render a viable alternative, since they offer lower environmental impacts and operating costs, and also higher removal efficiencies when metals are present in small concentrations. It has been shown that the simultaneous presence of more than one metal can generate synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects, thus affecting their removal, and it has been previously demonstrated that B. megaterium strain MNSH1-9K-1 possesses the ability to remove metals present in liquid and solid wastes. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to study B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 Ni resistance and removal properties in liquid medium, and to evaluate the variation of these abilities in the presence of another toxic metal, namely Al, which is also commonly found in liquid wastes. To this end, B. megaterium was grown in LB medium with the addition of Ni and/or Al at diverse concentrations, and both metal resistance and Ni removal capabilities were assayed by viable count, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. The results obtained strongly suggest that B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 presents more susceptibility to Ni than to Al, and that Ni removal is enhanced by the presence of Al.
Metal leaching from a spent catalyst by Alternaria alternata
Authors: Rojas-Avelizapa Norma G. , Otamendi-Valdez Jessica , Gómez-Ramírez Marlenne
Published: June 2019

The study evaluated the leaching ability of the extracellular medium produced by a fungus, which was identified as Alternaria alternata. The study included the selection of a culture medium that favored the organic acid and siderophore production; sucrose and Czapek media were evaluated. Once the culture media was selected, bioleaching study of the catalyst at 1 and 5% continued, using only the extracellular media incubating at 30° C, 150 rpm during 7 days. Results indicated that the extracellular media produced by A. alternata in sucrose media decreases pH from 6 to 4.8; in this media siderophores were also produced. The study of metal bioleaching, using the extracellular media, showed that metals were leached at different extent, and it was observed that catalyst concentration had an important effect on the metal removal and on the order of the removal. It was found that at 1% catalyst and after 48 h of treatment, the following metals were removed, in descending order, V> Al> Si> Mo > Mg> Fe> Ni> As> Cr. This is the first report on the
metal removal from the catalyst by the extracellular media of A. alternata which opens new research alternatives for the treatment of hazardous wastes with high metallic content.
Obtaining biodegradable polymeric membrane from agroindustrial wastes using the electro-spinning method
Authors: Presenda-Gerónimo Elizabeth , Maciel-Cerda Alfredo , Vera-Graciano Ricardo , Bolio-López Gloria Ivette , Hernández-Villegas Manuel Mateo , Pelayo-Muñoz Liliana , Cadenas-González María Teresa
Published: June 2019

Sugarcane straw is a waste beneficial to man when used correctly. Its burning is highly destructive if carried out indiscriminately; it causes damage to the soil and emits charcoal particles that pass directly into the environment. Cellulose represents approximately onethird of its composition and is biosynthesized in the process of photosynthesis, producing about 1000 tons per year in the world. In recent years, the electro-pile technique is widely used for the production of polymer fibers with nanometer-to-micrometer diameters. This
diameter size allows obtaining materials with large surface area, a desirable feature in the manufacture of membranes with potential application in separation and biomedical processes. The technique is versatile and easy to assemble which has allowed to process a great variety of polymers, integrating in the last years other kinds of materials, nevertheless during the development of the process exist a series of variables that influence in the characteristics of the obtained elements, Either because they are linked to the characteristics of the base material or because their performance is related to other parameters within the process. The objective of this research was to obtain biodegradable polymer membranes from sugar cane being attractive at the biotechnological level.
Seguridad alimentaria: el hongo Ug99 una amenaza mundial a los cultivos de trigo
Authors: Reyes Guzmán Gerardo
Published: June 2019

El presente ensayo se propone investigar el estado del arte en materia del hongo Ug99 considerado por organismos internacionales como una de las principales amenazas a la seguridad alimentaria mundial. Para ello se dimensiona la importancia de la oferta y demanda de trigo a nivel internacional y se estima el daño que podría causar un brote del hongo Ug99. Asimismo, se analizan los orígenes, evolución, dispersión geográfica y clasificación de la roya de tallo para diferenciar sus tipos, razas y peligrosidad de infección de los diferentes genes contenidos en el trigo. En este contexto se documentan las más recientes evidencias de su presencia y las estrategias para su control y combate. Finalmente, se concluye que inclusive México es vulnerable en caso de que se presentara un brote epidemiológico en Norteamérica causado por el Ug99, tanto por el lado de la producción como del consumo.
Impacto acumulado de la agricultura de conservación en propiedades del suelo y rendimiento de maíz
Authors: Martínez Gamiño Miguel Ángel , Osuna Ceja Esteban Salvador , Espinosa Ramírez Martín
Published: June 2019

La preparación del suelo con barbecho más rastra destruye la estructura del suelo y degrada sus propiedades físicas. La agricultura de conservación es una alternativa que mejora la calidad del suelo y el rendimiento de los cultivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto acumulado de la agricultura de conservación en propiedades físicas del suelo y el rendimiento de maíz. El estudio se realizó en un lote experimental con diferentes métodos de labranza y 22 años de antigüedad en el Campo Experimental San Luis, del INIFAP, en Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP. Se compararon los tratamientos de barbecho más rastra (B+R) y labranza cero con 33% de la superficie cubierta con residuos de cultivo (LC+33%C). De 2012 a 2017, se sembró el híbrido de maíz XR-45 en una rotación maíz-avena forrajera de riego. Al no alterar la estructura del suelo con LC+33%C por 22 años, se tuvo un impacto positivo en la porosidad, densidad aparente, infiltración, estabilidad de agregados y resistencia mecánica, lo cual permitió tener un incremento de 51.08% en el rendimiento de maíz respecto al obtenido con B+R. La destrucción de la estructura del suelo con el B+R degrada las propiedades físicas estudiadas y se vio reflejado en un menor rendimiento de maíz. La agricultura de conservación es una alternativa para mejorar la calidad del suelo y el rendimiento de maíz.
Respuesta fisiológica de semillas de chile ancho (Capsicum annuum L.) a reguladores de crecimiento
Authors: Espitia Hernández Pilar , Ruíz-Torres Norma Angélica , Vázquez-Badillo Mario Ernesto , Sánchez-Aspeytia David
Published: June 2019

Los atributos fisiológicos de las semillas de chile se reducen desde su desarrollo en la planta madre o como resultado de mecanismos fisiológicos que aminoran la germinación y causan pérdida de vigor y viabilidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto sobre la germinación de semillas de chile ancho imbibidas en los siguientes tratamientos: KNO₃ al 2%, 4% y 6%, promotor I a 0.5%, 1% y 1.5%, promotor II a 1%, 2% y 3% y el testigo en agua destilada. Se pesaron 120 semillas para someterlas a cada tratamiento por 48 h y obtener las curvas de imbibición. Para el ensayo de germinación en el laboratorio, las semillas acondicionadas se sembraron entre papel anchor y la evaluación se hizo a los 21 días. El análisis estadístico de datos se realizó en un diseño completamente al azar, y las medias se compararon con la Prueba de Tukey (p≤ 0.05). Los resultados mostraron que la solución de los tratamientos no influyó en el proceso de imbibición de la semilla. El mayor porcentaje de germinación se obtuvo con semillas imbibidas en promotor I al 1.5% que alcanzaron 90% de germinación, 56% más en comparación con el testigo que fue 34%. El promotor I por su contenido de aminoácidos, vitaminas, macro y micronutrientes, actuó como un estimulador de la germinación.
Rendimiento de forraje y valor nutritivo de alfalfa a diferentes intervalos de corte
Authors: Rojas García Adelaido Rafael , Mendoza Pedroza Sergio Iban , Maldonado Peralta María de los Ángeles , Álvarez Vázquez Perpetuo , Torres Salado Nicolás , Cruz Hernández Aldenamar , Vaquera Huerta Humberto , Joaquín Cancino Santiago
Published: June 2019

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto en intervalos de corte sobre el rendimiento de materia seca, relación hoja-tallo, proteína y digestibilidad in situ en hoja y tallo de alfalfa cv ‘San Miguelito’, en el Altiplano Mexicano. Se establecieron cuatro intervalos de corte (3, 4, 5 y 6 semanas para primavera-verano y 4, 5, 6 y 7 semanas para otoño-invierno) distribuidos aleatoriamente bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, con 4 repeticiones. Los intervalos de 6 y 7 semanas (p< 0.05), produjeron el mayor rendimiento de materia seca por corte con 4 393 kg MS ha-1; sin embargo, también obtuvieron los menores valores de la relación hoja-tallo (0.74), proteína en hoja y tallo (26.9 y 11.7%) y digestibilidad en hoja y tallo (79.8 y 64.3%). Con la finalidad de obtener un balance apropiado entre rendimiento y calidad del forraje se concluye que la alfalfa se debe cosechar, a intervalos de corte de seis semanas en otoño e invierno, de cuatro semanas en primavera y de cinco semanas en verano.
Interacción de factores ambientales y enemigos naturales con poblaciones de Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead en Nayarit, México
Authors: Urías-López Mario Alfonso , García-Álvarez Nadia Carolina , Hernández-Fuentes Luis Martín , González-Carrillo Jesús Ascensión
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la dinámica poblacional de la escama blanca del mango, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead a diferentes temperaturas y determinar las relaciones que existen entre factores de clima y enemigos naturales con las poblaciones de la escama. El estudio se realizó en 2013-2014 en siete hurtos de mango (Manguifera indica L.) del cultivar Ataulfo, situados en lugares con diferentes temperaturas en San Blas, Nayarit. En cada huerto se registró quincenalmente las poblaciones de escama blanca y de sus depredadores insectiles. Se realizaron análisis de varianza para comparar las poblaciones entre fechas de muestreo y localidades, también se obtuvieron correlaciones entre temperatura, precipitación pluvial y el complejo de depredadores con las poblaciones de la plaga. Los niveles poblacionales más altos de la escama blanca del mango se registraron durante el periodo con temperaturas más altas y sin precipitación pluvial (abril-junio); en contraste, durante el periodo con precipitación pluvial, la población en todos los huertos fue escasa o nula. Se determinó correlación positiva de la temperatura con la población de la escama blanca del mango, de tal manera que el aumento de la temperatura durante el año favoreció el incremento de las poblaciones de la plaga. En contraste, la precipitación pluvial impactó negativamente a la plaga al reducir drásticamente la densidad de sus poblaciones. Finalmente, el aumento de las poblaciones de la escama favoreció el incremento de la densidad poblacional del complejo de depredadores de la plaga.
Caracterización físico-química de suelos cultivados con maíz en Villaflores, Chiapas
Authors: López Báez Walter , Reynoso Santos Roberto , López Martínez Jaime , Villar Sánchez Bernardo , Camas Gómez Robertony , García Santiago Jorge Octavio
Published: June 2019

Con el objetivo de diseñar una estrategia para revertir la baja productividad y rentabilidad que presenta el cultivo de maíz en el municipio de Villaflores, se estudiaron las características químicas y físicas de los suelos en 236 parcelas mecanizables distribuidas en 13 ejidos y siete tipos de suelos. Las determinaciones se interpretaron tomando como base la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-021-SEMARNAT-2000. Los resultados indican una acidez generalizada en los suelos, con pH promedio de 5.2 (±0.9), 52% de los sitios con pH menores a 5; 208 casos presentaron acidez intercambiable en 64.4% de ellos, el valor fue mayor a 0.5 meq 100 g-1, considerado límite crítico para las plantas. En promedio la materia orgánica (MO) fue de 1.7% (±1.3) y en ningún caso el contenido superó a 2.5%. La capacidad de intercambio catiónica (CIC) fue 11.4 (±16.8) meq 100 g-1, e influenciada por el pH (R2= 0.65), MO (R2= 0.32) y contenido de arcilla (R2 =0.68). En 94% de los sitios con baja MO, la CIC depende significativamente del contenido de arcilla. En cuanto al porcentaje de saturación de la CIC, 59% de los casos son deficientes en Ca, 18% en Mg y 58% en K 40% de los sitios están por debajo del límite crítico de 15 ppm de P. El 90 y 46% de los casos presentó deficiencias de Boro y Zinc. Bajo estas condiciones se hace patente la necesidad de una estrategia que permita aumentar la calidad del suelo y las prácticas de agricultura puedan ser sostenibles.
Simultaneous infrared-ultrasound irradiation in organic synthesis: Acylation of amines, alcohols and amino alcohols
Authors: Luna-Mora Ricardo Alfredo , Ortega-Jiménez Fernando , Ríos-Guerra Hulme , García-Estrada José Guadalupe , Pérez-Flores Francisco Javier , González-Carrillo Jessica , Torres-Reyes Ángeles , Moreno-González Linda , Martínez-Zaldivar Alejandro , Penieres Carrillo Jose Guillermo
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The acylation of both aliphatic and aromatic amines, alcohols and amino alcohols by simultaneous infrared-ultrasound irradiation (SIUI) in solvent-free conditions in short reaction times and with good to excellent yields was achieved. The results obtained with SIUI and for thermal, infrared and ultrasound energy sources are compared. This is the first report regarding to the application of SIUI in acylation reactions.
Resumen. Se realizó la acilación de aminas, alcoholes y amino alcoholes alifáticos y aromáticos mediante la irradiación simultánea de energía de infrarrojo y de ultrasonido (SIUI), en ausencia de disolventes, en tiempos de reacción cortos y con excelentes rendimientos de reacción. Los resultados obtenidos con SIUI fueron comparados con los obtenidos mediante el empleo de energía térmica, de infrarrojo y de ultrasonido. Este es el primer informe relacionado a la aplicación de SIUI en reacciones de acetilación.
Facile Synthesis of Silver-salicylic acid (modified)/TiO2-nanotube/Ti plates for UV-light Promoted Dye Degradation
Authors: Faraji Masoud , Poursattar Marjani Ahmad , Najafi Fatemeh
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Salicylic acid (mod)-Ag/TiO2NTs/Ti photocatalyst plates were prepared using chemical modification process of TiO2-nanotubes/Ti plates with salicylic acid and silver nanoparticles. Morphology studies exhibit that esterification between salicylic acid and -OH groups on TiO2 surface as well as deposition of Ag has been led to formation of uniform deposits on the walls of TiO2-nanotubes/Ti plates. The photocatalytic activity of the plates was tested on the degradation of Methylene Orange (MO) dye. The activity tests showed that the photodegradation efficiency for salicylic acid(mod)-Ag/TiO2NTs/Ti is higher than for Ag/TiO2NTs/Ti, salicylic acid(mod)/TiO2NTs/Ti and TiO2NTs/Ti plates, showing the integration the photocatalytic advantages of both Ag-TiO2 and salicylic acid-Mod-TiO2 composites. The modified plates can eliminate 96.6% of MO under UV light irradiation after 1 h, while can be recycled 4 times with 72.9% degradation ratio. Improved surface adsorption of MO, fast charge separation and slow electron-hole recombination are the main factors being responsible for the increase the photocatalytic activity of salicylic acid (mod)-Ag/TiO2-nanotubes/Ti plate.
Resumen. Se prepararon placas de fotocatalizador de ácido salicílico (mod)-Ag/TiO2NTs/Ti, utilizando un proceso de modificación química de placas de nanotubos/TiO2-TiO2, con ácido salicílico y nanopartículas de plata. Los estudios morfológicos muestran que la esterificación entre el ácido salicílico y los grupos -OH en la superficie de TiO2, así como la deposición de Ag, ha llevado a la formación de depósitos uniformes en las paredes de las placas de nanotubos de TiO2/ Ti. La actividad fotocatalítica de las placas se probó en la degradación del colorante naranja de metileno (MO). Las pruebas de actividad mostraron que la eficiencia de fotodegradación para el ácido salicílico (mod)-Ag /TiO2NTs/Ti es mayor que para las placas Ag/TiO2NTs/Ti, ácido salicílico (mod)/TiO2NTs/Ti y TiO2NTs/Ti, mostrando la integración de las ventajas fotocatalíticas de los compuestos de Ag-TiO2 y ácido salicílico-Mod-TiO2. Las placas modificadas pueden eliminar el 96.6% del MO bajo la irradiación con luz UV después de 1 h, mientras que pueden reciclarse 4 veces con una relación de degradación del 72.9%. La mejora de la adsorción superficial de MO, la rápida separación de la carga y la lenta recombinación del hueco de electrones son los principales factores responsables del aumento de la actividad fotocatalítica del ácido salicílico (mod)-Ag/TiO2-nanotubos/placa de Ti.
Hybrid functionalized phosphonate silica: insight into chromium removal chemistry from aqueous solutions
Authors: Hernández-Velázquez Pedro Iván , Gutiérrez-Ortega José A. , Carbajal-Arizaga Gregorio Guadalupe , Manríquez-Gonzalez Ricardo , De la Cruz-Hernández Wencel , Gomez-Salazar Sergio
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Insight into Cr(III) ions removal chemistry from aqueous solutions was gained by using hybrid phosphonate-functionalized silica adsorbents synthesized through a modified route of sol-gel processing (SPMF). Evaluation of the degree of metal removal was obtained from kinetics and batch experiments. Elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR and XPS techniques were used to study the nature of surface complex formed on adsorbent. Adsorption equilibrium results showed a maximum Cr(III) removal of 78.639 mg g-1Cr(III) at pH 3.6 on adsorbent SPMF04; kinetics measurements indicated that equilibrium was reached in 80 min contact time. The achievement of 2.923 mmol P/g as phosphonate groups was obtained. A Langmuir-type mechanism explained the adsorption equilibrium results whereas kinetic measurements were explained through a pseudo-second order mechanism. FTIR measurements indicated a strong influence of Cr(III) adsorbed on surficial functional groups.  29Si CP MAS NMR results indicated that Cr(III) interacted not only with phosphonate surface groups but also with a large of amount of geminal OH surface groups. XPS studies suggested that Cr(III) was removed through the formation of the surface complex R as monovalent chromium acetate and/or divalent. The adsorbent SPMF04 can be potentially employed in industrial applications.                                         
Resumen. Información sobre la química de remoción de Cr(III) de soluciones acuosas fue obtenida usando adsorbentes de sílice hibrida funcionalizada con fosfonato sintetizados a través de una ruta modificada del proceso sol-gel (SPMF). La evaluación del grado de remoción de metal fue obtenida a partir de experimentos de cinética y por lotes. Técnicas de análisis elemental, FTIR, NMR y XPS fueron usadas para estudiar la naturaleza del complejo de superficie formado sobre el adsorbente. Los resultados del equilibrio de adsorción mostraron una remoción máxima de Cr(III) de 78.639 mg g-1 Cr(III) a pH 3.6 sobre el adsorbente SPMF04; las mediciones cinéticas indicaron que el equilibrio fue alcanzado en 80 min de tiempo de contacto. El logro de 2.923 mmol P/g como grupos fosfonato fue obtenido. Un mecanismo tipo Langmuir explicó los resultados del equilibrio de adsorción mientras que las mediciones cinéticas fueron explicadas a través de un mecanismo de pseudo-segundo orden.  Los resultados de 29Si CP MAS NMR indicaron que Cr (III) interactuó no solamente con grupos fosfonato de superficie sino también con una gran cantidad de grupos OH de superficie geminales. Los estudios de XPS sugirieron que Cr(III) fue removido a través de la formación del complejo de superficie R como acetato de cromo monovalente y/o divalente. El adsorbente SPMF04 puede ser potencialmente empleado en aplicaciones industriales.
Pengaruh Bauran Pemasaran Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Sepeda Motor Merek Honda Pada PMD Astra Motor Air Upas
Authors: Rohman Rohman , Hariyanto Dedi , Kurniasari Fita
Published: June 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap keputusan konsumen membeli kendaraan roda dua merek Honda pada PMD Astra Motor Air Upas . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 50 responden.Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ = 1,818+0,593X menyatakan bahwa setiap peningkatan nilai satu satuan dari variabel bauran pemasaran, maka nilai keputusan pembelian bertambah 0,593. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0,713 artinya terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara bauran pemasaran dengan keputusan pembelian. Sedangkan hasil penelitian berdasarkan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,509 artinya pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar sebesar 50,9% dan sisanya 49,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan hasil uji kelayakan model (Uji F) menyatakan bahwa model regresi linier sederhana dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi keputusan pembelian yang dipengaruhi oleh bauran pemasaran dengan nilai F hitung 49,700 lebih besar dari nilai F tabel 4,03 atau 49,700 > 4,03.
Constitution Vis-A-Vis Constitution Indonesian 1945 Versus Papuan 1999
Authors: Flassy Don A. L.
Published: June 2019

There is tolerance merger of Unity in Diversity versus solidarity merger of Togetherness in Diversity as poles of spanning the natural and engineering efforts are not natural to make or maintain existing fused together. Shown by the spirit of Indonesia’s 1945 Constitution versus Papua’s 1999 Constitution.
Investigating the Effect of Blending MOOCs with Flipped Classroom on Engagement in Learning and Course Grades
Authors: Abdel-Maksoud Nahed F.
Published: June 2019

Though MOOCs are usually used as stand-alone online courses, more and more instructors are using them to complement their traditional lectures, others are using them to flip their classrooms. This study investigates the impact of MOOCs-based flipped classroom on engagement in learning and course grades. This quasi-experimental study employed post-test only control group design. Participants of the study consisted of 155 pre-service teachers studying the undergraduate "EFL Teaching Methodology course at one of the universities in Egypt in the year 2018-2019. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental (flipped classroom) (N=78) or a control group (traditional) (N=77). Both groups were taught by the same instructor, the control group was taught in the traditional method, while the experimental group were required to enroll in two English Language Teaching MOOCs, assigned by the course instructor, and complete specific parts of each course, students had to watch videos, read articles, complete quizzes, and come to class prepared to discuss what they have read and watched, and complete in-class activities. Ten weeks later, the instrument of the study, Engagement Scale, was administered to both groups to assess their engagement in learning. Course grades were obtained from the instructor. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences in both engagement and course grades in favor of the ‎experimental group (flipped classroom group). Using MOOCs to flip traditional courses is found to improve students' engagement and learning, this is because students were able to use limited class time to engage in higher‐level interactive learning activities. There is no fear that technology or video lectures will replace faculty, rather it can make their teaching more effective. Integrating MOOCs and flipped classroom can harness technology to radically redesign teaching and learning experiences.
Exploring and collecting perennial forage and grain legume crop genetic diversity in Voronezh and Tambov provinces (Results of the collecting mission, 2016)
Authors: Malyshev L. L. , Chapurin V. F. , Buravtseva T. V.
Published: June 2019

Surveying vegetation in various areas within Russia is an important link to successful management of plant genetic resources. Species and forms of wild perennial legumes and forage grasses possess complex adaptability to local environments. The aim of VIR’s collecting mission to Voronezh and Tambov Provinces in 2016 was to replenish the preserved genetic diversity of leguminous and perennial forage crops with samples of interest for breeding for fodder and seed productivity and resistance to limiting environmental factors. The task of the collecting mission was to explore the territory and collect seeds of wild perennial forage and leguminous plants. The exploration route and collecting sites are indicated on the map. Geographical coordinates and descriptions of habitats were recorded for 38 collecting sites. During the survey of fourteen districts in Voronezh Province and two districts in Tambov Province, 169 plant samples were collected, including 140 forage plant accessions (33 species) and 29 leguminous ones (9 species). The most frequently occurring species were identified: Poa pratensis L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Medicago falcata L., Vicia angustifolia L. and Lathyrus tuberosus L. Plants of Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC. occur throughout Voronezh Province in meadow-steppe communities. Of interest are the samples of Agropyron pectinatum (Bieb.) Beauv. collected on the northern border of its area of distribution; three species of lower-growing fescue (Festuca rubra L., F. valesiaca Gaudin. and F. pseudovina Hack. ex Wiesb.); a perennial form of Medicago lupulina L.; a sample of Lotus corniculatus L. found on chalky outcrops of the Kalach Hills; red (Trifolium pratense L.), golden (T. aureum Pollich.) and strawberry (T. fragiferum L.) clovers from the valley of the Khoper River; pisiform vetch (Vicia pisiformis L.) from Kalach District and hairy vetch (V. villosa Roth) from Povorino District of Voronezh Province. The materials collected by the team were added to the holdings of VIR and are available for further study and use in breeding.
Genetic potential of quality in spring bread wheat cultivars bred at Kurgan agricultural research institute
Authors: Abugalieva A. I. , Maltsevа L. T. , Filippova E. A. , Morgunov A. I. , Zelensky Y. I. , Peña J.
Published: June 2019

Background. For the Trans-Urals, characterized by unstable climate over the years (alternating droughty and excessively moist years, recurrences of colds in spring, possibility of early frosts, etc.), grain quality is a prioritized genetic trait in spring bread wheat cultivars. In Kurgan Province, the share of thirdclass wheat varied since 1994 from 43% to 96%; only in the recent unfavorable years (2015 – 2017) it dropped to 11 – 27% due to rust epidemics. The aim of the study was to characterize the genetic potential of grain quality and its phenotypic implementation in promising cultivars bred at Kurgan Agricultural Research Institute and officially released for cultivation in the region.

Materials and methods. The capacities of the KASIB4 – 13 (Kazakhstan–Siberia Wheat Improvement Network under the auspices of CIMMYT) represented by 17 breeding centers in Kazakhstan and Siberia were used to assess grain quality of 14 cultivars with different maturation time bred at Kurgan Agricultural Research Institute. Quality assessment was performed with due regard to the standards of Kazakhstan, CIS, and leading exporting countries, thus combining local and international levels, and employing genetic, biochemical and technological grain quality levels under different soil and climate conditions.

Results and discussion. Generally, all cultivars demonstrated protein and gluten content and the level of vitreousness sufficient for strong and valuable wheat. The selected percentage was 92% for hard grain and medium hard grain wheat forms, up to 94% for high-protein and high-gluten ones, and up to 57% for genotypes without 1B/1R wheat/rye translocation. In terms of sedimentation, 86% of the genotypes were predicted to belong to the strong and valuable wheat class; according to the composition of HMW glutenin subunits, mixing quality and flour strength (W), 30 – 42% were identified as high-quality genotypes. The in-depth study of grain quality within the KASIB environmental network revealed heterogeneity among cultivars in a number of genetic and biochemical parameters and provided an opportunity to select high-quality genotypes by marker characteristics and technological properties, which is likely to improve the efficiency of intra-cultivar selection and overall quality assessment of cultivars.
Agrobiological characteristics of hulless barley cultivars developed at Omsk agrarian Scientific Center
Authors: Nikolaev P. N. , Yusova O. A. , Aniskov N. I. , Safonova I. V.
Published: June 2019

Background. An extremely important task today is to develop new hulless barley cultivars, capable of yielding large and high-quality grain harvests, and introduce them into agricultural production. Objective. The purpose was to study three hulless barley cultivars ‘Omsky golozerny 2’, ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ and ‘Maysky’, developed at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, in order to describe their agrobiological characteristics.

Materials and methods.The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2015–2017 on the experimental fields of Omsk ASC in the southern forest steppe (third crop rotation after the wheat predecessor; fourth crop after fallow). There were 4 replications on the plot of 10 m2. The seeding rate was 4 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Agricultural practice used in the experiments was conventional for West Siberia. Parameters of stability and plasticity were calculated according to Eberhart and Russell, Wricke; adaptability, according to Zhivotkov; homeostasis, according to Khangildin; stress tolerance and compensatory ability, according to Rossielle and Hemblin.

Results. Many years of breeding work at Omsk ASC resulted in the development of three hulless barley cultivars: ‘Omsky golozerny 2’ (listed in the State Register of the Russian Federation for regions 9, 10 and 11), ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ (submitted for the State Crop Variety Trials in 2017), and ‘Maysky’ (not included in the State Register). The new hulless barley cultivar ‘Omsky golozerny 4’, considering its higher productivity (+1.36 g to the reference in 1000 grain weight, and +0.73 t/ha to cv. ‘Maysky’), in the yield of nutrients per area unit equaled the reference ‘Omsky golozerny 2’, but exceeded ‘Maysky’ (+47.2 kg/ha of protein, +390 kg/ha of starch, and +42.4 kg/ha of crude fat). ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ was also characterized by stability (stability = 4.8), increased compensatory ability (3.29) and adaptability (103%). There was an increase in productivity with improved growing conditions (ecological plasticity = 1.25). ‘Maysky’ had higher stress tolerance (–1.35), while the reference ‘Omsky golozerny 2’ showed increased homeostasis (0.118). Thus, ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ exceeded the previous two cultivars in adaptability and stability.