bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute liver failure in two dogs following ingestion of cheese tree (Glochidion ferdinandi) roots
Authors: Griebsch Christine , Whitney Joanna , Angles John , Bennett Peter
Published: December 2018

Objective

To describe the management and resolution of acute liver failure (ALF) in two dogs following ingestion of cheese tree (Glochidion ferdinandi) roots.

Case Summaries

A 2‐year‐old male entire Bullmastiff and a 5‐year‐old female neutered German Shepherd dog were presented for acute‐onset lethargy and vomiting after chewing on tree roots of a cheese tree. Both dogs developed clinical abnormalities consistent with ALF, including hepatic encephalopathy, marked increase in alanine aminotransferase activity and bilirubin concentration, and prolonged coagulation times. Treatment included administration of intravenous fluids, hepatoprotectants, vitamin K1, antibiotics, lactulose, antacids, antiemetics, and multiple fresh frozen plasma transfusions. Follow‐up examinations performed 30 days after initial presentation revealed the dogs to be clinically healthy with serum biochemical and coagulation profiles within reference intervals.

New or Unique Information

This is the first report describing ALF in two dogs following ingestion of cheese tree (G. ferdinandi) roots. In this clinical setting, despite a poor prognosis, survival and recovery of adequate liver function were possible with medical management.
A comprehensive experimental and artificial network investigation of the performance of an ultrafiltration titanium dioxide ceramic membrane: application in produced water treatment
Authors: Zoubeik Mohamed , Salama Amgad , Henni Amr
Published: December 2018

This work is an experimental investigation of the effects of the operating conditions on the performance of a novel titanium‐based ceramic ultrafiltration membrane used to treat field produced water. To design the experiments and optimize the operating conditions, the Taguchi method was used to predict the optimal operating conditions. Under optimal conditions, an almost oil free permeation is obtained (98.93%) along with the removal of more than 99% for the total organic carbon (TOC), a high turbidity removal (99.82%) and a good salinity rejection for a UF membrane. The membrane was capable of treating a high steady flux of 441 L/m2 h with an overall flux decay of 28.6%. The Hermia’s cake formation model fitted the flux declining behaviour better than the three other associated models. Finally, four different techniques based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods were used to fit the flux declining behaviour. They seem to outperform the simple Hermiaˊs model for the modelling of oily water filtration.
Assessing future rainfall uncertainties of climate change in Taiwan with a bootstrapped neural network‐based downscaling model
Authors: Li Chi‐Yu , Lin Shiu‐Shin , Chuang Chia‐Min , Hu Yen‐Li
Published: December 2018

To investigate the impacts of climate change on Taiwan, a downscaling model (DSM) was used due to the large grid size of general circulation models (GCMs). DSM is a data‐driven model based on the Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN). A Genetic Algorithm (GA) was adapted for parameter optimization, and the bootstrap method was employed to assess uncertainty. Two weather stations at similar latitudes but separated by mountains with altitudes of above 3000 m were selected as examples. Three GCMs were chosen for the model building and the assessment of near future (2050–2060) and far future (2080–2090) climate change impacts of three future scenarios A1B, A2 and B1. The results suggest that in the future, rainfall will tend to increase in winter but decrease in summer, with a similar average rainfall. In addition, our results suggest that in the future, typhoons might arrive later in the season.
Initiatives and New Trends Towards Stem Education in Turkey
Authors: Yılmaz Adem , Gülgün Cihan , Çetinkaya Murat , Doğanay Kamil
Published: November 2018

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) Education; Is an educational approach that many countries in the world have included in their curricula that allow learners to view the knowledge they learn in science, technology, engineering and mathematics courses, aiming at transforming theoretical knowledge into practice, product and innovative inventions. It is aimed to be able to adapt easily to the qualities of the business life thanks to these skills when the STEM trained individuals enter into the business world, as well as being an approach that is based on giving the skills of STEM education, production and invention. Within the scope of the study, attempts were made to investigate the initiatives and new trends of STEM education from 2010 until the day. Document analysis and thematic content analysis (meta-synthesis) method was used in the research process. Thematic content analysis; Analyze, synthesize and interpret the findings of more than one research on the same subject, with a critical point of view, in contrast to the theme or templates specified and raw data. During the research; Articles, theses, reports and reports which are reached from various sources in the national and international literature have been examined and a wide-scale resource has been created by considering every point related to the contents of the work. The results of the research were examined under various headings and a broad framework was established and recommendations were made.
The commons and emergent land in Kvarken Archipelago, Finland: governing an expanding recreational resource
Authors: Svels Kristina , Åkerlund Ulrika
Published: November 2018

In this article, we explore governance structures of the recreational landscape of Kvarken Archipelago in Western Finland, an area where shore displacement occurs due to land rise and emergent (pristine) land is continuously created. Traditionally a production landscape, of fishing and small-scale agriculture, the recreational value of the archipelago has been acknowledged. The area is a popular second home destination and was designated UNESCO World Heritage in 2006. There are roughly 10,000 second homes within the study area, of which 14% are leaseholds located on emergent land. The emergent land thus makes up a common-pool resource system where private and collective use rights overlap. This article aims to understand the implications for recreational use (second home ownership) through interviews with different local stakeholders such as municipality planners, representatives of commons, local communities, and with environmental and land survey authorities. Especially, it sets out to ask, what kinds of value are created within the recreational resource system, what power relationships within the commons steer the management of the recreational resource system, and what are the implications for recreational use of the landscape. The results show different logics of recreational resource management locally in the studied commons. Access to second homes located within the collectively owned emergent land is limited to part-owners of the commons and tend to be less commercialized and also less modernized than privately owned second home plots.
Deployment of a Membrane Attached to Two Axially Moving Beams
Authors: Vatankhahghadim Behrad , Damaren Christopher J.
Published: December 2018

The deployment dynamics of a simplified solar sail quadrant consisting of two Euler–Bernoulli beams and a flexible membrane are studied. Upon prescribing the in-plane motion and modeling the tension field based on linearly increasing stresses assumed on the attached boundaries, the coupled equations of motion that describe the system's transverse deflections are obtained. Based on these equations and their boundary conditions (BCs), deployment stability is studied by deriving simplified analytic expressions for the rate of change of system energy. It is shown that uniform extension and retraction result in decreasing and increasing energy, respectively. The motion equations are discretized using expansions in terms of “time-varying quasi-modes” (snapshots of the modes of a cantilevered beam and a clamped membrane), and the integrals needed for the resulting system matrices are rendered time-invariant via a coordinate transformation. Numerical simulation results are provided to illustrate a sample deployment and validate the analytic energy rate expressions.
Neural Adaptive Fault Tolerant Control of Nonlinear Fractional Order Systems Via Terminal Sliding Mode Approach
Authors: Hashtarkhani Bijan , Khosrowjerdi Mohammad Javad
Published: December 2018

This article proposes an adaptive neural output tracking control scheme for a class of nonlinear fractional order (FO) systems in the presence of unknown actuator faults. By means of backstepping terminal sliding mode (SM) control technique, an adaptive fractional state-feedback control law is extracted to achieve finite time stability along with output tracking for an uncertain faulty FO system. The unknown nonlinear terms are approximated by radial-basis function neural network (RBFNN) with unknown approximation error upper bound. Using convergence in finite time and fractional Lyapunov stability theorems, the finite time stability and tracking achievement are proved. Finally, the proposed fault tolerant control (FTC) approach is validated with numerical simulations on two fractional models including fractional Genesio–Tesi and fractional Duffing's oscillator systems.
Nutrition for Travel: From Jet lag To Catering
Authors: Halson Shona L. , Burke Louise M. , Pearce Jeni
Published: December 2018

Domestic and international travel represents a regular challenge to high-performance track-and-field athletes, particularly when associated with the pressure of competition or the need to support specialized training (e.g., altitude or heat adaptation). Jet lag is a challenge for transmeridian travelers, while fatigue and alterations to gastrointestinal comfort are associated with many types of long-haul travel. Planning food and fluid intake that is appropriate to the travel itinerary may help to reduce problems. Resynchronization of the body clock is achieved principally through manipulation of zeitgebers, such as light exposure; more investigation of the effects of melatonin, caffeine, and the timing/composition of meals will allow clearer guidelines for their contribution to be prepared. At the destination, the athlete, the team management, and catering providers each play a role in achieving eating practices that support optimal performance and success in achieving the goals of the trip. Although the athlete is ultimately responsible for his or her nutrition plan, best practice by all parties will include pretrip consideration of risks around the quality, quantity, availability, and hygiene standards of the local food supply and the organization of strategies to deal with general travel nutrition challenges as well as issues that are specific to the area or the special needs of the group. Management of buffet-style eating, destination-appropriate protocols around food/water and personal hygiene, and arrangement of special food needs including access to appropriate nutritional support between the traditional “3 meals a day” schedule should be part of the checklist.
Exercise-Induced Illness and Inflammation: Can Immunonutrition and Iron Help?
Authors: Castell Lindy M. , Nieman David C. , Bermon Stéphane , Peeling Peter
Published: December 2018

The main focus of this review is illness among elite athletes, how and why it occurs, and whether any measures can be taken to combat it or to prevent its onset. In particular, there is particular interest in exercise-induced immunodepression, which is a result of the immune system regarding exercise (e.g., prolonged, exhaustive exercise) as a challenge to its function. This promotes the inflammatory response. There is often a high incidence of illness in athletes after undertaking strenuous exercise, particularly among those competing in endurance events, not only mainly in terms of upper respiratory tract illness, but also involving gastrointestinal problems. It may well be that this high incidence is largely due to insufficient recovery time being allowed after, for example, a marathon, a triathlon, or other endurance events. Two examples of the incidence of upper respiratory tract illness in moderate versus endurance exercise are provided. In recent years, increasing numbers of research studies have investigated the origins, symptoms, and incidence of these bouts of illness and have attempted to alleviate the symptoms with supplements, sports foods, or immunonutrition. One aspect of the present review discusses iron deficiency, which has been primarily suggested to have an impact upon cell-mediated immunity. Immunonutrition is also discussed, as are new techniques for investigating links between metabolism and immune function.
Shock greets claim of CRISPR-edited babies
Authors: Normile Dennis
Published: November 2018

Apparent germline engineering by Chinese researcher prompts outrage and investigations.
New dimensions for brain mapping
Authors: Assaf Yaniv
Published: November 2018

Imaging reveals new features of memory representation in the brain
Impact of Individual Traits, Saturated Fat, and Protein Source on the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Lang Jennifer M. , Pan Calvin , Cantor Rita M. , Tang W. H. Wilson , Garcia-Garcia Jose Carlos , Kurtz Ira , Hazen Stanley L. , Bergeron Nathalie , Krauss Ronald M. , Lusis Aldons J.
Published: December 2018

The microbiome has proven to influence health and disease, but how combinations of external factors affect the microbiome is relatively unknown. Diet can cause changes, but this is usually achieved by altering macronutrient ratios and has not focused on dietary protein source or saturated fat intake levels. In addition, each individual’s unique microbiome profile can be an important factor during studies, and it has even been shown to affect therapeutic outcomes. We show here that the effects of individual differences outweighed the effect of experimental diets and that protein source is less influential than saturated fat level. This suggests that fat and protein composition, separate from macronutrient ratio and carbohydrate composition, is an important consideration in dietary studies.
A new lattice model of three-lane traffic flow
Authors: Hu Yanmei , Ma Tianshan , Chen Jianzhong
Published: November 2018

A lattice model is proposed for three-lane traffic flow. The extended lane-changing rates are presented to mimic the lane-changing behavior by considering the congestion degree at the present site and the acceptance degree at the targeted site. The stability condition of the model is derived by applying the linear stability method. The spatiotemporal evolution of traffic flow transfer rates is investigated. The results demonstrate that the new model can reproduce the characteristics of lane changing.
The Alexander polynomial of a rational link
Authors: Kidwell Mark E. , Luse Kerry M.
Published: December 2018

We relate some terms on the boundary of the Newton polygon of the Alexander polynomial [Formula: see text] of a rational link to the number and length of monochromatic twist sites in a particular diagram that we call the standard form. Normalize [Formula: see text] to be a true polynomial (as opposed to a Laurent polynomial), in such a way that terms of even total degree have positive coefficients and terms of odd total degree have negative coefficients. If the rational link has a reduced alternating diagram with no self-crossings, then [Formula: see text]. If the standard form of the rational link has [Formula: see text] monochromatic twist sites, and the [Formula: see text]th monochromatic twist site has [Formula: see text] crossings, then [Formula: see text]. Our proof employs Kauffman’s clock moves and a lattice for the terms of [Formula: see text] in which the [Formula: see text]-power cannot decrease.
An event-mixing method using energy hierarchy constraint for two-pion Bose–Einstein correlations measurements in ππx system
Authors: He Q.
Published: December 2018

For the measurement of two-pion Bose–Einstein correlations (BEC) in reactions with [Formula: see text] final state particles, a new event-mixing technique is proposed. The new technique introduces a new mixing constraint, namely energy hierarchy correspondence (EHC) cut, which requires that two bosons being swapped should be equal in energy hierarchy in their original events. Numerical tests are performed to check the validity of the new mixing method. Compared to the previous proposed mixing technique (He et al., Chin. Phys. C 42 (2018) 074004), this new method has smaller systematic uncertainties, improving the accuracy of fit BEC parameters.
COMPARISON THEOREMS FOR CAPUTO–HADAMARD FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: MA LI
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the comparison theorems for fractional differential equations involving Caputo–Hadamard fractional derivatives. First, we indicate the continuous dependence on parameters of solutions for Caputo–Hadamard fractional differential equations (C-HFDEs). Then, the first and second comparison theorems for C-HFDEs are proposed and proved, respectively. In addition, we establish the generalized comparisons for C-HFDEs under the one-side Lipschitz conditions. At last, the corresponding examples are also provided to verify the theoretical results.
The stable property of projective dimension
Authors: Bandari Somayeh , Jafari Raheleh
Published: December 2018

We introduce the concept of monomial ideals with stable projective dimension, as a generalization of the Cohen–Macaulay property. Indeed, we study the class of monomial ideals [Formula: see text], whose projective dimension is stable under monomial localizations at monomial prime ideals [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text]. We study the relations between this property and other sorts of Cohen–Macaulayness. Finally, we characterize some classes of polymatroidal ideals with stable projective dimension.
Nonunits of group algebras over the fours group
Authors: Abdollahi A. , Zanjanian S. M.
Published: December 2018

The conjecture on units of group algebras of a torsion-free supersoluble group is saying that every unit is trivial, i.e. a product of a nonzero element of the field and an element of the group. This conjecture is still open and even in the slightly simple case of the fours group [Formula: see text], it is not yet known. The main result of this paper is to show that a wide range of elements of group algebra of [Formula: see text] are nonunit.
Recognition of symplectic and orthogonal groups of small dimensions by spectrum
Authors: Grechkoseeva Mariya A. , Vasil’ev Andrey V. , Zvezdina Mariya A.
Published: December 2018

We refer to the set of the orders of elements of a finite group as its spectrum and say that finite groups are isospectral if their spectra coincide. In this paper, we determine all finite groups isospectral to the simple groups [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. In particular, we prove that with just four exceptions, every such finite group is an extension of the initial simple group by a (possibly trivial) field automorphism.
Weakly Closed Graphs andF-Purity of Binomial Edge Ideals
Authors: Matsuda Kazunori
Published: December 2018

Herzog, Hibi, Hreindóttir et al. introduced the class of closed graphs, and they proved that the binomial edge ideal JGof a graph G has quadratic Gröbner bases if G is closed. In this paper, we introduce the class of weakly closed graphs as a generalization of the closed graph, and we prove that the quotient ring S/JGof the polynomial ring [Formula: see text] with K a field and [Formula: see text] is F-pure if G is weakly closed. This fact is a generalization of Ohtani’s theorem.
On Injectors of a Hartley Set of a Finite Group
Authors: Yang Nanying , Vorob’ev N.T. , Vasilevich T.B.
Published: December 2018

Let G be a finite group and [Formula: see text] be a Hartley set of G. In this paper, we prove the existence and conjugacy of [Formula: see text]-injectors of G and describe the characterization of injectors via radicals. As applications, some known results are directly followed.
b-Generalized Derivations Acting on Multilinear Polynomials in Prime Rings
Authors: Dhara Basudeb , De Filippis Vincenzo
Published: December 2018

Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2, Q be its maximal right ring of quotients, and C be its extended centroid. Suppose that [Formula: see text] is a non-central multilinear polynomial over C, [Formula: see text], and F, G are two b-generalized derivations of R. In this paper we describe all possible forms of F and G in the case [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] in Rn.
Asymptotics of certain double series in Eulerian form
Authors: Kim Byungchan , Kim Eunmi
Published: November 2018

We examine the asymptotic behavior of [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are rational numbers satisfying some conditions while [Formula: see text] is not necessarily positive-definite. As an application, we obtain non-modularities of certain double-sum Eulerian series.
On a problem of Erdös related to common factor differences
Authors: Bremner Andrew
Published: November 2018

Let [Formula: see text] be a positive integer. The factor-difference set [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is the set of absolute values [Formula: see text] of the differences between the factors of any factorization of [Formula: see text] as a product of two integers. Erdős and Rosenfeld [The factor–difference set of integers, Acta Arith. 79(4) (1997) 353–359] ask whether for every positive integer [Formula: see text] there exist integers [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], and prove this is true when [Formula: see text]. Urroz [A note on a conjecture of Erdős and Rosenfeld, J. Number Theory 78(1) (1999) 140–143] shows the result true for [Formula: see text]. The ideas of this paper can be extended, and here, we show the result true for [Formula: see text] by proving there are infinitely many sets of four integers with four common factor differences.
Research of Flow Field of Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer Solution in the Annular Depressurization Slot by PIV Experiment
Authors: Fu Cheng , Zhu Tingting , Wu Di , Wang Ying , Huang Bin
Published: December 2018

In order to study the flow field changes of ASP (alkaline/surfactant/polymer) solutions with different molecular weights and flow rates when flowing through the annular depressurization slot in the laboratory, the annulus pipeline model was designed based on the principle of similarity. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was used to continuously capture the transient images when the ASP solution flows in the model under different experimental conditions. Tecplot software was used to analyze and process the nephrograms of the velocity distribution of ASP solution when flowing through the partially pressured injection tool with different depressurization slots. The experimental results showed that the vortex occurred at the bottom of the depressurization slots; the greater the flow rate, the closer the vortex center to the outer wall; higher molecular weight of the polymer in the ASP solution caused larger velocity gradient towards the wall. The number of the slots has no significant effect on the position of the vortex. This experiment provides a new research method for the velocity distribution of the internal flow field in the partially pressured injection tool.
A Clone Selection Based Real‐Valued Negative Selection Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Ruirui , Xiao Xin
Published: December 2018

Excessive detectors, high time complexity, and loopholes are main problems which current negative selection algorithms have face and greatly limit the practical applications of negative selection algorithms. This paper proposes a real‐valued negative selection algorithm based on clonal selection. Firstly, the algorithm analyzes the space distribution of the self set and gets the set of outlier selves and several classification clusters. Then, the algorithm considers centers of clusters as antigens, randomly generates initial immune cell population in the qualified range, and executes the clonal selection algorithm. Afterwards, the algorithm changes the limited range to continue the iteration until the non‐self space coverage rate meets expectations. After the algorithm terminates, mature detector set and boundary self set are obtained. The main contributions lie in (1) introducing the clonal selection algorithm and randomly generating candidate detectors within the stratified limited ranges based on clustering centers of self set; generating big‐radius candidate detectors first and making them cover space far from selves, which reduces the number of detectors; then generating small‐radius candidate detectors and making them gradually cover boundary space between selves and non‐selves, which reduces the number of holes; (2) distinguishing selves and dividing them into outlier selves, boundary selves, and internal selves, which can adapt to the interference of noise data from selves; (3) for anomaly detection, using mature detector set and boundary self set to test at the same time, which can effectively improve the detection rate and reduce the false alarm rate. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the algorithm has better time efficiency and detector generation quality according to classic negative selection algorithms.
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Aggravates Mood Disorder, Cognitive Impairment, and Brain Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Rat
Authors: Yang Hui , Li Wei , Meng Pan , Liu Zhuo , Liu Jian , Wang Yuhong
Published: December 2018

Diabetes‐induced brain insulin resistance is associated with many mental diseases, including depression. Epidemiological evidences demonstrate the pathophysiologic link between stress, depression, and diabetes. This study was designed to determine whether chronic unpredictable mild stress‐ (CUMS‐) induced changes in brain insulin resistance could contribute to deterioration in mood and cognitive functions in diabetic rats. Male SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups, including standard control group, the diabetes group, and the diabetes with CUMS group. After 7 weeks, emotional behaviors and memory performances as well as metabolic phenotypes were measured. In addition, we examined the changes in protein expression related to brain insulin signaling. Our results show that rats in diabetes with CUMS group displayed a decreased locomotor behavior in open‐field test, an increased immobility time in forced swim test, and tail suspension test, and an impaired learning and memory in the Morris water maze when compared to animals in diabetes group. Further, diabetes with CUMS exhibited a significant decrease in phosphorylation of insulin receptor and an increase phosphorylation of IRS‐1 in brain. These results suggest that the depression‐like behaviors and cognitive function impairments in diabetic rats with CUMS were related to the changes of brain insulin signaling.
Gastaut-Geschwind Syndrome, Faciobrachial Dystonic Seizure, and Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis
Authors: Benhamou Ori-Michael J. , Tavakkoli Mohammad , Okan Hande , Nobler Mitchell
Published: December 2018

Here we report a case of a 55-year-old male who had presented with recent falls and behavioral changes, including a heightened religious preoccupation, hypergraphia, and paranoid ideations. He was initially treated for psychosis but soon exhibited absence-like seizures, which were consistent with faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Workup for underlying infectious, immunodeficiency, and autoimmune causes revealed antibodies towards the leucine-rich glioma inactivated subunit of the voltage-gated potassium complex. The patient was treated with steroids and intravenous immune globulin with symptomatic relief. In retrospect, the patient met criteria for Gastaut-Geschwind (GG) syndrome, with notable features of hypergraphia and hyperreligiosity. This case illustrates how the GG syndromal pattern contributes to the suspicion of autoimmune limbic encephalitis and may expedite diagnosis and prevent the accumulation of disability.
Molecular Characterization of Low-Density Polyethene (LDPE) Degrading Bacteria and Fungi from Dandora Dumpsite, Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Ndahebwa Muhonja Christabel , Magoma Gabriel , Imbuga Mabel , Makonde Huxley Mae
Published: December 2018

This study aimed at molecular and biochemical characterization of low-density polyethene (LDPE) degrading fungi and bacteria from Dandora dumpsite, Nairobi. Twenty bacterial and 10 fungal isolates were identified using 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA sequences for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The highest fungal degradation was attributed to Aspergillus oryzae strain A5,1 while the highest bacterial degradation was attributed to Bacillus cereus strain A5,a and Brevibacillus borstelensis strain B2,2, respectively. Isolates were screened for their ability to produce extracellular laccase and esterase; Aspergillus fumigatus strain B2,2 exhibited the highest presence of laccase (15.67 mm) while Aspergillus oryzae strain A5,1 exhibited the highest presence of esterase (14.33 mm). Alkane hydroxylase-encoding genes were screened for using primer AlkB 1 which amplified the fragment of size 870 bp. Four bacterial samples were positive for the gene. Optimum growth temperature of the fungal isolates was 30°C. The possession of laccase, esterase, and alkane hydroxylase activities is suggested as key molecular basis for LDPE degrading capacity. Knowledge of optimum growth conditions will serve to better utilize microbes in the bioremediation of LDPE. The application of Aspergillus oryzae strain A5,1 and Bacillus cereus strain A5,a in polyethene degradation is a promising option in this kind of bioremediation as they exhibited significantly high levels of biodegradation. Further investigation of more alkane degrading genes in biodegrading microbes will inform the choice of the right microbial consortia for bioaugmentation strategies.
Full Field Strain Analysis of Blasting Under High Stress Condition Based on Digital Image Correlation Method
Authors: Yang Liyun , Ding Chenxi , Yang Renshu , Lei Zhen , Wang Jing
Published: December 2018

The depth of mineral resources like coal continuously increases due to the exhaustion of shallow resources, and the characteristic of high ground stress in deep ground inevitably affects fracture of rock blasting. Combining with high‐speed photography technology, the digital image correlation method (DIC) is introduced into experimental study on explosive mechanics. And strain evolution process of blasting under high stress condition is obtained by using the model experiment method. The preliminary results show that high stress condition has no obvious effects on the propagation law of blasting stress wave or its stress peak in the medium. In addition, it is found that medium in the “elastic vibration area” by conventional blast zoning is not always “elastic,” and on this basis, the concepts of “plastic area” and “quasielastic area” are put forward. The high stress condition does not influence partition range of above “plastic area” or “quasielastic area,” but in the “plastic area,” the high stress condition decreases both plastic strain value and its decay rate of relevant gauging points.
A Review of Supernumerary Teeth in the Premolar Region
Authors: Khalaf Khaled , Al Shehadat Saaid , Murray Colin A.
Published: December 2018

Supernumerary teeth in the premolar region, unlike other supernumeraries, occur more often in the mandible where they are generally of the supplemental type. Occasionally, they are conical or smaller than normal, particularly in the upper premolar regions. They might occur singly or in multiples, be erupted or impacted, but the majority have been found to be unerupted and asymptomatic. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth in the premolar region has been demonstrated to be between 0.01 and 1 percent depending on the population studied. Interestingly, populations from the East or Africa are known to be the most affected. Various theories have been suggested to explain the etiology of supernumerary teeth in general including both genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, it has been suggested that supernumerary premolar teeth belong to a third (postpermanent) series, developing from extensions of the dental lamina. Several consequences can result from the presence of supernumerary premolars, especially in the mandible, such as cyst formation, transposition, and other clinical scenarios.
An Ancient Boxing Exercise Improves Physical Functions, Balance, and Quality of Life in Healthy Elderly Persons
Authors: Janyacharoen Taweesak , Srisamai Thitipa , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak
Published: December 2018

It has been shown that traditional dances can be effective in improving physical functions in the elderly persons. Unlike other traditional dance exercises, the ancient Thai boxing exercise may be suitable for elderly persons in other ethnicities who are interested in boxing. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effects of the exercise on physical functions in elderly subjects. Healthy elderly subjects were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the ancient Thai boxing group. The control group received education about the exercise and a home program of daily practice. The ancient Thai boxing group performed the modified ancient Thai boxing exercise for 12 weeks. There were six outcomes in this study which were recorded at baseline and at the end of study (week 12) including a six‐minute walk test (6MWT), five times sit to stand test (FTSST), flexibility by trunk flexometer, time up and go test (TUGT), and Berg balance scale (BBS), as well as a test to determine quality of life (QOL). All outcomes were compared to the baseline, as well as between groups. There were 56 subjects enrolled in the study, 28 in the control group, and 28 in the ancient Thai boxing group, with mean ages of 68.6 and 65.9 years, respectively. The majority of subjects in both groups were women (96.4% and 89.3%). After 12 weeks of study, significant differences were found in terms of all seven outcomes between the two groups. For example, the 6MWT in the control group was 415.8 vs 480.3 m in the ancient boxing group. In conclusion, the 12‐week ancient boxing exercise significantly improved physical functions, balance, and QOL in the elderly.
Analyzing Critical Failures in a Production Process: Is Industrial IoT the Solution?
Authors: Ahmad Shafiq , Badwelan Ahmed , Ghaleb Atef M. , Qamhan Ammar , Sharaf Mohamed , Alatefi Moath , Moohialdin Ammar
Published: December 2018

Machine failures cause adverse impact on operational efficiency of any manufacturing concern. Identification of such critical failures and examining their associations with other process parameters pose a challenge in a traditional manufacturing environment. This research study focuses on the analysis of critical failures and their associated interaction effects which are affecting the production activities. To improve the fault detection process more accurately and efficiently, a conceptual model towards a smart factory data analytics using cyber physical systems (CPS) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoTs) is proposed. The research methodology is based on a fact‐driven statistical approach. Unlike other published work, this study has investigated the statistical relationships among different critical failures (factors) and their associated causes (cause of failures) which occurred due to material deficiency, production organization, and planning. A real business case is presented and the results which cause significant failure are illustrated. In addition, the proposed smart factory model will enable any manufacturing concern to predict critical failures in a production process and provide a real‐time process monitoring. The proposed model will enable creating an intelligent predictive failure control system which can be integrated with production devices to create an ambient intelligence environment and thus will provide a solution for a smart manufacturing process of the future.
Complex Dynamical Behavior in the Shear‐Displacement Model for Bulk Metallic Glasses during Plastic Deformation
Authors: Chen Cun , Guan Shaokang , Zhang Liying
Published: December 2018

In this paper, a fresh shear‐displacement model is developed for the plastic deformation of the bulk metallic glasses. The multiscale behavior in the shear banding process and the dynamics transition with the parameters are investigated in analytical form. We present a theoretical support for the transition from unstable states to stable states in the experiment by multiscale analysis and the stability analysis. With the small parameter increasing from negative to positive, the stability of the shear slipping displacement system changes, and there is a limit cycle at the transition stage. Meanwhile, the phase diagram and the power spectrum also suggest that there is dynamics transition with the parameter changing. Moreover, the complexity is analyzed for different disturbance parameters, and it is coincident with the fact that the solution is more irregular for larger disturbance. In addition, we find that the amplitude of solution decreases with the temperature decreasing, which is consistent with the experimental results that the amplitude of the serration is smaller and smaller as the temperature decreases.
Ziziphora clinopodioides Flavonoids Protect Myocardial Cell Damage from Myocardial Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Li Qin , Tursun Dilnur , Shi Chenyang , Heyrulla Merhaba , Zhang Xinyue , Yang Weijun
Published: December 2018

To investigate effects of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. flavonoids on ischemia‐reperfusion injury of myocardial cells. After application of 6.25, 25, and 100 μg/mL Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. flavonoids to H9C2 myocardial cells for 24H, they were treated for 4 hours with hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative damage, whereas controls were cells without treatment and cells only incubated with hydrogen peroxide. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release and mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular Na+/K+‐ATPase activity and ATP content, and reactive oxygen species formation were monitored. An ischemia‐reperfusion injury rat model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligature in 48 Sprague‐Dawley rats, which were divided into positive control with isosorbide mononitrate (10 mg/kg) injection (n=8), model (ischemia‐reperfusion, n=8), sham‐operated (n=8), and Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. flavonoids low (75 mg/kg, n=8), medium (150 mg/kg, n=8), and high concentration (300 mg/kg, n=8) groups. Superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content in homogenized hearts were measured and ischemic and infarction areas were triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and H&E stained for pathological and morphological examinations. Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. flavonoids preconditioning improved cell viability (P<0.01), intracellular Na/K ATPase activity (P<0.001), and intracellular ATP content (P<0.001) and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential (P<0.05) in hydrogen peroxide treated H9C2 cells as well as rescued superoxide dismutase activity (P<0.01), decreased the malondialdehyde content (P<0.001), and reduced myocardial damage in the ischemia‐reperfusion rat model (P<0.001) compared to the controls. Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. flavonoids may be an effective drug for protecting myocardial tissue from ischemia‐reperfusion injury by reducing reactive oxygen species related damage.
New Fixed Point Theorems and Application of Mixed Monotone Mappings in Partially Ordered Metric Spaces
Authors: Liu Li , Mao Anmin , Shi Yingying
Published: December 2018

We consider the existence of a coupled fixed point for mixed monotone mapping F:X×X→X satisfying a new contractive inequality which involves an altering distance function in partially ordered metric spaces. We also establish some uniqueness results for coupled fixed points, as well as the existence of fixed points of mixed monotone operators. The presented results generalize and develop some existing results. In addition to an example as well as an application, we establish some uniqueness results for a system of integral equations.
Online Fault Detection Approach of Unpredictable Inputs: Application to Handwriting System
Authors: Chihi Ines , Benrejeb Mohamed
Published: December 2018

Many investigators are interested in improving the control strategies of hand prosthesis to make it functional and more convenient to use. The most used control approach is based on the forearm muscles activities, named ‘ElectroMyoGraphic’ (EMG) signal. However, these biological signals are very sensitive to many disturbances and are generally unpredictable in time, type, and level. This leads to inaccurate identification of user intent and threatens the prosthesis control reliability. This paper proposed a real‐time fault detection and localization approach applied to handwriting device on the plane. This approach allows connecting inputs (IEMG signals)/outputs (pen tip coordinates) data as a parametric model for Multi‐Inputs Multi‐Outputs (MIMO) system. The proposed approach is considered as a model‐independent abrupt or intermittent fault detection method and as an alternative solution to the unpredictable input observer based techniques, without any observability requirements. This approach allows detecting, in real time, several types of faults in one or two inputs signals and in the same or different instants. Our study is appropriate for many rapidly expanding fields and practices, including biomedical engineering, robotics, and biofeedback therapy or even military applications.
A Rare Mosaic Karyotype of 45,X/46,X,psu idic(Y)(p11.32)/46,XY with SHOX Haploinsufficiency, External Male Genitalia, and Short Stature
Authors: Ekici Cemal , Esener Zeynep , Korkmaz Selcen , Saltürk Nihal , Yüksel Sengul , Koç Ahmet
Published: November 2018

In this case study, we describe a 3-year-old boy who was referred to the Inonu University Hospital with short stature complaint. His height was 86 cm (-2.96 SDS), weight was 12 kg (-2.43 SDS), and head circumference was 46.5 cm (-2.34 SDS). Chromosomal analyses were performed on cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of the patient and his parents and showed the patient's karyotype mos 45,X[20]/46,X,idic(Y)(p11.32)[29]/46,XY[1]. The karyotypes of the parents were normal. Subsequently, specific FISH probes were hybridized to the related regions of the sex-determining region Y (SRY), centromere X/Y (CEP X/Y), and short stature homeobox (SHOX) genes. Simultaneous SNP array-CGH was conducted. As to our knowledge, we present the first patient with mosaic isodicentric Y chromosome with 3 different cell lines and normal male external genitalia. Our results suggest that it would be beneficial to study cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic methods together for better diagnostic accuracy and treatment.
МЕЛАТОНІН, ПРОЗАПАЛЬНІ ЦИТОКІНИ ТА ПЛАЦЕНТАРНА НЕДОСТАТНІСТЬ
Authors: Berbets A. M.
Published: December 2018

Мета дослідження – шляхом дослідження рівнів мелатоніну і прозапальних цитокінів у вагітних із плацентарною недостатністю встановити можливий взаємозв’язок між плацентарною недостатністю та прозапальною ланкою імунітету.

Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 46 вагітних (дослідна група) з плацентарною недостатністю, що була реалізована у вигляді синдрому затримки внутрішньоутробного розвитку плода ІІ–ІІІ ступенів у термін вагітності 30–36 тижнів. Контрольну групу становили 20 жінок з неускладненим перебігом вагітності в той же термін. Для вивчення концентрації мелатоніну в крові використовували набір Melatonin ELISA виробництва IBL (Німеччина). Прозапальні цитокіни, зокрема фактор некрозу пухлин-α (TNF-α), інтерлейкін-1-β (IL-1-β), інтерлейкін-6 (IL-6), визначали в крові за допомогою реактивів виробництва фірми «Вектор-Бест» (Україна).

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Встановлено, що концентрація мелатоніну вірогідно знижується, якщо вагітність ускладнена затримкою внутрішньоутробного розвитку плода (дослідна група – (126,87±14,87) pg/ml, контрольна група – (231,25±21,56) pg/ml, p<0,001). Рівні прозапальних цитокінів у дослідній групі були вірогідно вищими порівняно з контролем (TNF-α: дослідна група – (10,05±1,35) pg/ml, контрольна група – (5,60±1,50) pg/ml, p<0,05; IL-1-β: дослідна група – (14,67±2,13) pg/ml, контрольна група – (3,96±0,92) pg/ml, p<0,001; IL-6: дослідна група – (6,91±0,99) pg/ml, контрольна група – (2,69±0,99) pg/ml, p<0,05).

Висновки. Рівень мелатоніну в крові вірогідно знижується при плацентарній недостатності, що реалізована у вигляді затримки внутрішньоутробного розвитку плода. При даній патології також спостерігається активізація прозапальної ланки імунітету, що проявляється підвищенням у крові рівнів TNF-α, IL-1-β та IL-6.
ЛІМФАНГІОЛЕЙОМІОМАТОЗ. ДІАГНОЗ ТА ЛІКУВАННЯ
Authors: Tkalich V. V.
Published: December 2018

Мета дослідження – вивчити особливості діагностики та лікування хворих на легеневу форму лімфангіолейоміоматозу (ЛАМ).

Матеріали та методи. Пацієнтка віком 26 років перебувала на лікуванні в КМКЛ № 17 з 07.04.2007 р. по 16.03.2012 р. Їй проводили повний клініко-діагностичний комплекс обстежень та лікування відповідно до діючих протоколів.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. У статті представлено огляд літератури з питання ЛАМ та подано опис клінічного випадку, а також узагальнено особливості діагностики та лікування ЛАМ. Сучасні способи обстеження, хірургічних втручань та раціональна консервативна терапія є методом вибору в діагностиці та лікуванні ЛАМ. Всебічне дообстеження є необхідною передумовою для вибору раціональної тактики подальшого лікування.

Висновки. До сьогодні ЛАМ залишається малодослідженим захворюванням, а його поширеність у світовій популяції досягає 100 000. Оптимальні результати лікування досягаються за умови правильно встановленого діагнозу.
АТИПОВА КРИВОШИЯ ВНАСЛІДОК ПУХЛИНИ МОЗОЧКА
Authors: Zaporozhan S. Y. , Prozaylo M. D.
Published: December 2018

У статті описано клінічний випадок атипової кривошиї внаслідок пухлини лівої частки мозочка. Незважаючи на дані літератури, клінічні прояви цього захворювання викликають великі труднощі щодо своєчасного його розпізнавання та лікування. Вимушене положення голови (кривошия) виникло задовго до неврологічних розладів унаслідок повільного росту пухлини. Збільшення внутрішньочерепного тиску пухлиною зумовило зміщення всіх важливих складових головного мозку з частковою блокадою ліквородинамічних шляхів із відповідною загальномозковою симптоматикою. Пролабована мигдалина лівої частки мозочка защемила лівий додатковий нерв у потиличному отворі, що викликало дисбаланс іннервації мускулатури шиї. Атипова кривошия на початкових етапах (більше року) домінувала, що приховувало істинну причину хвороби. У результаті детального МРТ-обстеження головного мозку пухлину було видалено. Після операції загальний стан дитини значно поліпшився, кривошия зникла, загальномозкові розлади поступово регресують.