bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Gameful Experience Affects Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding COVID-19 Among the Taiwanese Public: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Peng Li-Hsun , Bai Ming-Han
Published: March 2021

Background

In 2019, with the COVID-19 pandemic sweeping across the globe, public health systems worldwide faced severe challenges. Amid the pandemic, one simulation game, Plague Inc., has received substantial attention. This game has indirectly drawn greater public attention to public health issues by simulating pathogen transmission and disease symptoms.

Objective

Against this backdrop, this research investigates whether the gameful experience of Plague Inc. has indirectly affected public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19.

Methods

An online survey was conducted through social networking services in Taiwan from May 6-28, 2020.

Results

A total of 486 subjects participated in this study, of which 276 (56.8%) had played Plague Inc. This study had several findings. First, participants who had played Plague Inc. demonstrated higher levels of knowledge (P=.03, median 7, IQR 7-8) and attitudes (P=.007, median 8, IQR 7-8) than participants who had not played Plague Inc. (knowledge: median 7, IQR 6-8; attitude: median 7, IQR 6-8). Second, there was a significant correlation between creative thinking (ρ=.127, P=.04) and dominance (ρ=.122, P=.04) in attitude. Finally, there was a significant correlation between creative thinking (ρ=.126, P<.001) and dominance (ρ=.119, P=.049) in practice.

Conclusions

Serious games highlighting the theme of pathogen transmission may enhance public knowledge and attitudes regarding COVID-19. Furthermore, the creative thinking and dominance involved in gameful experiences may act as critical factors in public attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19. These findings should be further verified through experimental research in the future.
The Analysis of The Push Pull Motivation Factor and The Expectation of International Tourist in Ramayana Ballet Prambanan Yogyakarta
Authors: Irsha Momentya
Published: March 2021

Cultural attraction in a country or region is an attraction that is demanded by international tourist, because tourists obviously want to know the culture of that country, such as by watch the dance. Ramayana Ballet Prambanan is a dance presents Javanese culture, both Central Java and Yogyakarta Special Region. This performance tells about Ramayana that is illustrated on the relief of Prambanan Temple. This study analyzes the push and pull factors of motivation, and expectation. Respondents of this study is international tourists. The writer adapted the push and pull factor developed by Crompton (1979), and suited by the condition of Ramayana Ballet Prambanan. The method used by the writer is interview with 65 respondents. While, expectation theory is adapted from Oliver (1980) through questionnaire method with 100 respondents. Furthermore, for the analytical purpose of this research, the data is analyzed by using SPSS 20 with descriptive analysis. The result showed that the push factor motivation of international tourist is new experience, and the pull factor is the attractiveness of Javanese culture. In addition, the biggest expectation of international tourist is cleanliness.
Too Many Meanings: Contestation of Lawang Sewu as a Heritage Tourism Attraction
Authors: Nurul Uswatun
Published: March 2021

Tourism industry utilizes heritage as a tourist attraction. Not only the physical existences, but also the meaning of its heritage, particularly its narrations, are used to gain profit for tourism industry. Lawang Sewu located in Semarang, Indonesia is one heritage which is used by PT KeretaApi Indonesia (PT KAI) as a heritage tourism attraction. This research analyses many meanings or narrations of Lawang Sewu as a heritage tourism attraction. This research has three objectives. First, it aims to identify the meaning of BPCB Central Java, PT KAI, local people, tour guides and tourist interpretations of Lawang Sewu. Second, it aims to discover which stakeholder dominates the narrations presented in Lawang Sewu. Third, it seeks to understand how the dominant stakeholder can govern the narrations. This research is a qualitative research with inductive reasoning. Through the use of interactive analysis model as the data analysis method and hermeneutics approach to draw the conclusion, this research finds that each stakeholder construes the meaning of Lawang Sewu differently. Among the interpretations, PT KAI is the dominant stakeholder found in the presentation of Lawang Sewu to tourists.
Uploading Social Media as Indirect Promotion Strategies in Film Destination Tourism: Re-Enactment of Ada Apa dengan Cinta 2 in Sellie Coffee
Authors: Bhin Ju Hee
Published: March 2021

This study aims at understanding tourist activities and re-enactment of AADC 2 that can potentially be an indirect promotion strategy of Sellie Coffee. Uploading photography of the reenactment of AADC 2 in social media leads to a sensational indirect promotion strategy that needs to be paid any attention. This study is conducted in Sellie Coffee, located in Jalan Prawirotaman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research employs qualitative approach and all the data is obtained through literature study, observation, and interview. The research results show that Instagram, one of a popular social media, provides a complete communication facility, from tourism branding to usergenerated content photography. Moreover, the activity of uploading photos related to AADC 2 in Sellie Coffee visited by film tourists in social media has become one of indirect promotion strategies.
The Roles of Dive Centers in Conserving Coral Reefs to Support Tourism Industry in Gili Trawangan
Authors: Saputra I Gusti Ngurah Paulus Widya Eka
Published: March 2021

Gili Trawangan is a popular tourism destination among scuba divers and snorkelers. It is renowned for its diverse coral reefs and marine life. However, the rapid growth of the tourism industry has a degrading impact on the condition of coral reefs. It is recorded that 25 dive centres are operating on the island. As one of the primary tourism stakeholders, the dive centre has a vital role in conserving coral reefs to support the tourism industry, to protect coral reefs as a natural resource and tourism attraction. This research has two objectives—identifying the roles of the dive centres in coral reef conservation and emphasising their focuses in supporting the tourism industry in Gili Trawangan through conservation programs. This study is qualitative research, conducted at five dive centres in Gili Trawangan. This research reveals that the five dive centres have been carrying out numerous roles in conserving coral reefs in order to support the tourism industry on the island. Moreover, each of the dive centres has various and different outcome focuses on programs they implement. Dive centres in Gili Trawangan have established a partnership with other stakeholders in order to ease implementation of their programs and to involve as many parties in conserving coral reefs.
Dinamika Keterlibatan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Fasilitas di Objek Wisata Pantai Cemara Sew
Authors: Sari Fitria Nurmalita
Published: March 2021

This study aims at describing the involvement of the local community in developing facilities in Cemara Sewu Beach. Based on observations and interviews, it was found that the local community of Grogol VII were actively involved in providing facilities by contributing ideas, energy, and even materials such as money. Through the provision of these facilities, the community can obtain economic benefits, such as new jobs and business opportunities that can give them additional income.
For whom the disc tolls: intervertebral disc degeneration, back pain and toll-like receptors
Authors:   The Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room C10.148.2, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada, Bisson DG , Mannarino M , Racine R , Haglund L
Published: March 2021

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is characterised by catabolic and inflammatory processes that contribute largely to tissue degradation and chronic back pain. The disc cells are responsible for the pathological production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and catabolic enzymes leading to degeneration. However, this phenotypical change is poorly understood. Growing evidence in animal and human studies implicates Toll-like receptors (TLR) and their activation through danger-associated alarmins, found increasingly in degenerating IVDs. TLR signalling results in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes that can directly cause IVD degeneration and back pain. This review aims to summarise the current literature on TLR activation in IVD degeneration and discuss potential treatment modalities to alleviate the inflammatory phenotype of disc cells in order to arrest IVD degeneration and back pain.
Case studies of enhanced pharmacodynamic activity of poorly oral bioavailable drugs via solid lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Raju D
Published: March 2021

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) considered as an alternative vehicle for the enhanced oral absorption of drugs, and also to enhance therapeutic effectiveness after oral administration. Pharmacodynamic activity of drug is mainly describes the pharmacological and therapeutic activity of drug to the biological system. Lipid nanoparticles especially SLNs made of physiological inert lipid molecules and helps the lymphatic transport. Numerous literatures is available on the effect of SLNs and other colloidal carrier systems on the pharmacokinetic activity of poorly bioavailable drugs, to improve their oral absorption and also respective mechanisms for the improved oral bioavailability. However, very few literatures is reported on the pharmacodynamic activity and the effect of dose on the pharmacodynamic activity. Therefore, the current review is mainly dealing with the effect of SLNs on the pharmacodynamic activity discussed.   Keywords: Oral absorption, solid lipid nanoparticles, lymphatic transport, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics.
A Review on Natural Plants for Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Muni Raja Lakshmi K , Kiran M. , Sai Prasanna K.
Published: March 2021

The present review aims for the study of phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities of some natural plants. The traditional medicinal plants have been found to acquire therapeutic activities significantly antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory antibacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant properties etc. The plant-derived constituents are majorly for the aliments of used skin disease diabetes, bronchitis, asthma, arthritis, dry cough, ulcer and fever. The antimicrobial activity of the following plants like Justicia adathoda, Lantana Camara, Acacia leucophloea, Holoptelea integrifolia, Calotropis Procera, chlorophytum tuberosum, Bombax ceiba, Bacopa monnieri, Wedelia trilobata, Jatropha gossypifolia were obtained from the extraction of either  leaves, stem or flowers by using ethanol, methanol, aqueous, petroleum ether, chloroform. The phytochemical constituents of the extract have been shown the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, cardiac glucosides tannins, proteins, carbohydrates, saponin, quinines, triterpenes, steroids, polyphenolic, volatile oil, phenols, starch sugar, amino acid, resin and organic acids. This study evidenced the possible use of the mentioned plants as a source of natural medicines which are used as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant agents.

Keywords:  Medicinal plants, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidants.
Highlights on the alternatives to antibiotic therapy against bacterial infection
Authors: Sircar Bijayanta , Mandal Shyamapada
Published: March 2021

The antibiotic resistance among gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria is of global health concern. This has prompted the development of new effective drugs. But the discovery and development of new drugs is slow, and the emergence of resistance to such new drugs, on the other hand, is rapid as well as continuous among the bacteria. Therefore, in tackling the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria finding alternative ways is vital. This communication, based on the published scientific data, summarizes the antibacterial capacity of some naturally derived agents such as honey, phytocomponents, probiotics, and antimicrobial peptides that might bring new essence in biomedicine.  Keywords: Bacterial resistance, alternative therapeutics, honey, phytomedicine, probiotics, antimicrobial peptides.
Medicinal Plants Used to Heal Wound in Karandamalai of Dindigul District in Tamil Nadu, Southern India
Authors: Yasothkumar N
Published: March 2021

Due to the presence of antibiotic or antiseptic nature’s chemicals, plants are remarkable for the treatment of wounds. Having this fact as research theme, the present study was carried out to document the therapeutic uses of medicinal plants used to heal wound in Karandamalai of Dindigul district in Tamil Nadu. The frequent fieldwork was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 for this study. The scientific name, family name, local name (in Tamil), part(s) used, mode of preparation, and mode of administration of medicine were recorded. A total of 24 medicinal remedies prepared from 24 plants were recorded. Further research on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of these medicinal plants should be conducted.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Wound healing, Karandamalai, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu.
تعليم الحوار بالتمثيل لترقية قدرة الطلبة على التكلم باللغة العربية دراسة تجريبية بمعهد باب النجاح العصري بندا أتشيه
Authors: Zikrullah Nuzuli  , Azman Ismail
Published: March 2021

The method of dialog (conversational Method) is one method of teaching foreign languages ​​such as Arabic, English, or other languages ​​by directly inviting students to dialogue / speak with the foreign language being taught. Playing drama is one way to make it easier for students to remember Arabic vocab. The conversational method intended here is a way of teaching by dramatizing behavior in the form of social relations. As for the problems that researchers get at the modern Babun Najah boarding school, some students at the Modern Pesantren Babun Najah are less able to understand the language when dialoguing with Arabic with their friends well and it is also difficult to pronounce the Arabic language. From these problems the researcher wants to discuss research entitled "Muhadatsah learning through the dramatization method to improve students' ability to engage in dialogue using Arabic."  The research method used by researchers in writing this thesis is an quasi experiment, this method which launches the design of a study, which aims to examine the relationship of cause and effect to the cause of the phenomenon. The mujtama 'in this study were students of class 1 Aliyah Modern Islamic Boarding School Babun Najah Ulee Kareng where students numbered 151 people, and the sample was class 1 MIA 4 students, amounting to 32 people, viewed from the learning aspects and the results of research has been done on that class is increasing. The Muhadatsah learning through the method of dramatization can improve students' ability in dialogue by using Arabic language because it can be seen through the value of to and it is clear that the value of 22.03% is higher than the percentage value of 5% = 2.04 and 1% 2.75. While the motivation of students in dialogue by using drama achieves excellent value categories.
تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة ببطاقة كورتيت لترقية قدرة الطلاب على التعبير الشفوي دراسة تجريبية بالمدرسة العالية الإسلامية روح الفلاح سماهني
Authors: Nurdina Afrah  , Moch. Fajarul Falah  , Nur Chalis
Published: March 2021

The subject of the study was "The application of the direct method with the Kwartet card to improve students' ability to express themselves verbally (an experimental study in the Islamic High School Ruhul Falah Samahani)." One of the reasons that encouraged researchers to write this research was problem faced by the teacher because students could not write short sentences that the teacher taught about the subject. They cannot say the sentence he made from the desired material. This arises when researchers choose cards and examples and exercises from easy anecdotal texts, or good phrases that go beyond students' methods and enhance their culture and broaden their circle of knowledge. Researchers believe that students do not understand these subjects because they do not use education methods and education methods that are appropriate for teachers when they teach Arabic, and this causes a lack of desire from them for these subjects. The purpose of writing this thesis is to find out how to improve students' ability to learn Arabic after applying the method directly to the Kwartet card. To obtain data, researchers conducted an experimental study: Quazi Design - Experimental was the first Time-Series Design. In collecting data, researchers make direct observations and tests. As for the community in this study, all students in the Islamic High School Ruhul Falah Samahani 54 students. As for the sample that researchers took, it would be 15 female students. We know from the results of this study that the application of the direct method with a Kwartet card is effective for improving students' ability to express verbally, and this is identical to direct observation with a P = 92.8% which indicates that it falls between the 81-100% limit in very good meaning. The evidence for this is also that the results ("t" test) are greater than the results ("t" tables) and therefore the null hypothesis is valued and alternative hypotheses can be accepted, namely: that the application of the direct method with the Cortette card is effective for improving students' abilities to express in verbal expressions in Arabic lessons at Islamic High School Ruhul Falah Samahani.
SUPERENDIVIDAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO DO FENÔMENO NO ÂMBITO DO TJDFT
Authors: Lopes Júnior Waldir Leôncio Cordeiro , Siqueira Andreia Oliveira de
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta o superendividamento do consumidor como fenômeno social contemporâneo eanalisa as estratégias de prevenção e de tratamento no âmbito do TJDFT. O tema é abordado inicialmentede modo a dar visibilidade à complexidade e à interdisciplinaridade do fenômeno recorrendo àsdiversas áreas do conhecimento, entre elas, o direito do consumidor, sociologia, psicologia social,administração, direito econômico e finanças. Discute-se a necessidade de reinclusão do cidadão nomercado consumidor a partir do seu empoderamento em face do mercado financeiro e do consequenteresgate da cidadania. Ao final, discorre-se a respeito dos eixos na análise do superendividamento– jurídico, psicossocial e financeiro – que sustentam as estratégias adotadas para a prevenção e otratamento do tema. A articulação desses três eixos permite que os aspectos psicossociais e financeirossejam tratados como preditores comportamentais para construção de uma resolução de conflitosadequada e efetiva entre cidadão devedor e seus credores.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO DIREITO CONSTITUCIONAL NO NOVO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Reis Clayton , Reis Guilherme Alberge
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho possui caráter interdisciplinar, pois transita entre o Processo Civil e o DireitoConstitucional. Seu objetivo é analisar as garantias fundamentais, consubstanciadas sobretudo nocontraditório e no devido processo legal, positivadas no CPC/2015, assim como refletir brevementesobre eventuais prejuízos à celeridade processual causados pelo que se convém chamar de “formalismovalorativo”. Para tanto, foi feita uma análise da doutrina consolidada sobre o tema, representadanotadamente pelos escólios do Prof. Carlos Alberto Álvaro de Oliveira e de escritos contemporâneosjá publicados sob a égide do CPC/2015. Analisamos o fato de que a previsão de garantias fundamentaisno bojo da legislação processual tem o condão de evitar o cometimento de arbítrios por entes estataise privados, o que é feito por meio da sujeição do juiz ao contraditório e da cooperação que deve norteara ação dos atores processuais. Finalmente, concluímos que a inserção de tais garantias constitucionaisno processo acompanha, com base em uma interpretação teleológica, o animus da Constituição Federalde 1988, não causando, ademais, qualquer prejuízo à celeridade do trâmite processual.
O ÔNUS DA PROVA NO CDC: SUA DIVERSIDADE E A FALSA INVERSÃO
Authors: Leite Ricardo Rocha
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho busca analisar a diversidade do ônus da prova no Código de Defesa do Consumidor (CDC) em relação ao critério estático estabelecido como paradigma no Código de Processo Civil (CPC). Essa peculiaridade é evidenciada nos casos que envolvem a discussão da responsabilidade civil do fornecedor, seja em decorrência do fato ou do vício do produto e do serviço, seja quando é tratada matéria afeta às práticas comerciais. Esses critérios, que reduzem as exigências de produção da prova pelo consumidor, não excluem a aplicação da regra estática, pois atuam em situações específicas. Sustenta-se que nenhum desses casos reporta-se à inversão do encargo probatório, porquanto o que há, na verdade, é a incidência de uma presunção legal relativa, a imposição de um fato constitutivo ao fornecedor e o reconhecimento, pelo juiz, de algum fato alegado pelo consumidor como verdadeiro. Este estudo justifica-se pela imprecisão que norteia o instituto do ônus da prova, bem como pelos problemas de ordem prática que são constatados no cotidiano forense.
OS HONORÁRIOS ADVOCATÍCIOS SUCUMBENCIAIS SOB A ÉGIDE DO NOVO CPC
Authors: Moura de Azevedo Antonio Danilo
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre as significativas inovações provocadas nos honorários advocatícios sucumbenciais a partir da entrada em vigor do novo Código de Processo Civil – Lei nº 13.105/2015. Muitas reflexões jurídicas surgiram desde então. Direito intertemporal, extensão das hipóteses de aplicabilidade, base de cálculo e critérios para fixação da verba honorária, sucumbência recursal, espécies recursais passíveis de sofrerem majoração dos honorários de sucumbência, consubstanciam alguns dos pontos controvertidos que serão analisados neste trabalho, visando sempre cotejar a letra da lei com os posicionamentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais mais modernos, compilando sobretudo a interpretação e aplicação dada à matéria pelas Tribunais pátrios, até o momento, com enfoque nas alterações legislativas derivadas no CPC/2015.
A CONCRETIZAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA E O RECONHECIMENTO DA POSSIBILIDADE DAS DIRETIVAS ANTECIPADAS COMO EXERCÍCIO DA SUA AUTONOMIA PRIVADA
Authors: De Farias Cristiano Chaves
Published: March 2021

Este artigo visa analisar a possibilidade de diretivas antecipadas de vontade por pessoas com deficiência sob o regime de curatela. Para tanto, buscou verificar a efetivação da autodeterminação humana e a inclusão em igualdade de condições da pessoa com deficiência, considerando a nova teoria das incapacidades. Vocaciona-se à análise da tomada de decisão apoiada no ordenamento brasileiro, a partir da influência do Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência.
A AMPLIAÇÃO DO ROL DO ART. 1.015 DO CPC PARA ABARCAR DECISÕES QUE VERSEM SOBRE COMPETÊNCIA
Authors: Paranhos Fabiana Castro
Published: March 2021

Em contraposição ao antigo regime de recorribilidade das decisões interlocutórias, o art. 1.015 do novo Código de Processo Civil arrolou taxativamente as hipóteses de cabimento do agravo de instrumento. Todavia, a enumeração em rol numerus clausus não é incompatível com interpretações corretivas que visam adequar a norma ao sistema no qual se enquadra, sobretudo diante do fim primordial do agravo de instrumento, de possibilitar o imediato reexame da matéria pelo órgão recursal competente. Assim, diante da problemática das decisões interlocutórias que versam sobre competência, hipóteses não previstas no aludido rol legal, admite-se a ampliação dos casos de cabimento do agravo, a fim de abarcar tais decisões. Com isso, obsta-se a impetração do mandado de segurança como sucedâneo recursal, o que apresenta desvantagens em termos de política judiciária. Para tanto, por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e jurisprudenciais, sugere-se a utilização de analogia com a solução jurisprudencial elaborada para afastar a regra de retenção do recurso especial, norma prevista no art. 542, § 3º, do CPC/73, por se tratar da mesma lógica, qual seja, evitar o desperdício de atividade processual e o risco de esvaziamento de futura prestação jurisdicional.
A TEORIA DO OVERRULING À LUZ DE ROBERT ALEXY: DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS, CONSENSO E SUPERAÇÃO DO PRECEDENTE
Authors: Rocha Leonardo Bolelli da
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo propõe o desenvolvimento de uma Teoria do Overruling, incorporada a uma percepção de concretização dos direitos fundamentais. Por overruling entende-se que seja a mudança de entendimento de um tribunal acerca de tema jurídico anteriormente pacificado, por alteração no ordenamento jurídico ou evolução fática histórica. Diante deste contexto, definiu-se como problema de investigação a seguinte questão: é possível sistematizar e conferir maior legitimidade e racionalidade ao instituto do overruling? Desta feita, o objetivo do estudo é analisar a possível sistematização e legitimação racional ao instituto da superação total (overruling) do precedente, ou seja, discorrer sobre a Teoria do Overruling e, ao mesmo tempo, elaborar uma sistematização a fim de se chegar a uma “fórmula consenso”, à luz da “formula peso”, de Robert Alexy. A justificativa da pesquisa está no fato de mostrar que a referência teórica de Robert Alexy aos diretos fundamentais dos Estados Democráticos de Direito como paradigma constitutivo do direito constitucional contemporâneo repercute diretamente na práxis jurisdicional, projetando efeitos sobre as estruturas e a dinâmica de sua materialização. Em relação ao método de estudo, optou-se pela revisão de literatura através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. As conclusões finais mostraram que é possível adaptar alguma teoria ou linguagem técnica ou formal desenvolvida por Robert Alexy para aplicar na superação total (overruling) do precedente raciocínio semelhante, visando conferir mais racionalidade ao sistema da vinculação aos precedentes (stare decisis) e garantir unidade e estabilidade ao Direito, trazendo segurança jurídica e isonomia.
A GESTÃO PRIVADA DE UNIDADES PRISIONAIS SOB O PONTO DE VISTA DO DIREITO DOS SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS E DO DIREITO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADOR
Authors: Maia de Oliveira Caio Cezar
Published: March 2021

Este artigo situa a atividade de gestão carcerária no Direito Administrativo contemporâneo, orientado pelos imperativos de implementação dos direitos fundamentais, de proporcionalidade, de gestão eficiente e racional, passível de controle hierárquico, judicial e social. Define o que se deva entender por gestão carcerária adequada à luz da Lei de Execução Penal.

O serviço púbico de gestão carcerária compõe-se de atos materiais de prestação de serviços e atos formais e materiais sancionadores. Inexiste vedação legal ou constitucional à terceirização da atividade material de gestão carcerária - que não inclui atos formais de polícia e nem o exercício de coação física sobre a pessoa do preso. A terceirização pode ser formalizada via contrato administrativo tradicional de fornecimento de bens e serviços ou via concessão administrativa (parceria público-privada) desde que, em qualquer caso, exija-se da contratada um elevado padrão de qualidade, nunca inferior àquele definido pelo legislador da Lei de Execução Penal.

O exercício do poder de polícia no âmbito carcerário não pode contar com a intervenção de instituições privadas mesmo nas hipóteses admitidas pela doutrina em outros contextos – tal como o da fiscalização de trânsito.
Metastatic L1 Root Compression presenting as an inguinal pain: A Case Report.
Authors: Mirzashahi Babak , Vosoughi Farzad , Besharaty Saied , satehi Sadegh Hasani
Published: March 2021

We report a spinal metastatic patient with an atypical presentation of
inguinal pain. He was managed with L1 laminectomy and posterior
instrumentation. After the surgery, his pain was significantly relieved.
This study underscores the importance of spinal examination in those
with a known tumor.
Improved dissolution of ibuprofen after crystallization from polymeric solution: Correlation with crystal parameter
Authors: Sahoo Narayan , Satapathy Bhabani , Mallick Subrata
Published: March 2021

The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of various hydrophilic polymers, such as hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and poly vinyl alcohol, on the in vitro dissolution property of ibuprofen (IBU) crystallized from aqueous polymeric solutions. By using the solvent-change technique, IBU crystal products were produced in the presence of the selected polymers. The results showed that in the presence of polymers, the crystallization yield of IBU was higher than that of pure drug crystals (absence of polymer). SEM photographs revealed visible changes in the crystal morphology in the presence of polymers. The FTIR spectra of the crystallized IBU (polymer-treated) showed a shift of the acid- -dimer peak from 1718 to 1721 cm-1 but the absence of specific peaks for polymers. An XRD study further confirmed the absence of polymers in the crystallized IBU as no specific peaks were observed for the polymers. A higher percentage of cumulative drug release was reported for the polymeric-treated IBU crystals than that of plain IBU. Further in vivo studies are warranted to establish the in vitro?in vivo correlation for future technology transfer of the formulation.
Clinical analysis of internal fixation femoral neck fractures with two or three cannulated screws
Authors: Kostic Igor , Mitkovic Milan , Milenkovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milorad
Published: March 2021

Introduction/Objective. Angular stability and dynamic fixation are key factors to successful healing of femoral neck fractures. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures with two parallel self-tapping antirotation screws (SAF) compared to standard, three cannulated cancellous screws (CCS) fixation. Methods. In total 100 fractures were retrospectively analyzed, divided in two groups in which two SAF screws were used in parallel (n = 50) or three standard screws in an inverted triangle configuration (n = 50). The groups were compared with operation time, time of consolidation, femoral neck shortening, Harris hip score and reoperation rates. Results. SAF parallel fixation group of patients achieved consolidation rate of 86% compared to 74% in CCS fixation group, without statistically significant difference between the examined groups (p > 0,05). Dynamization of implants was significantly positively correlated with the fracture healing time in both examined groups (SAF: r = 0.324, p = 0.025; CCS: r = 0.572, p = 0.001), with significantly shorter healing time in SAF patients ? on average 15 weeks (15.02 ? 1.44) in relation to the CCS group of patients ? 19 weeks (19.81 ? 2.94) (?2/z = 7.048, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the Harris hip score and reoperation rate among the study groups (?2 = 2.44, p = 0.487; ?2 = 0.500, p = 0.696). Conclusion. Our results suggested that dual parallel fixation is simpler, less invasive and it demands less performance time. It is not inferior to fixation with three screws, from the point of biomechanics, possible complications, healing and functional recovery.
Pregnancies in Diabetes and Obesity: The Capacity-Load Model of Placental Adaptation
Authors: Desoye Gernot , Wells Jonathan C.K.
Published: March 2021

Excess nutritional supply to the growing fetus, resulting from maternal diabetes and obesity, is associated with increased risks of fetal maldevelopment and adverse metabolic conditions in postnatal life. The placenta, interposed between mother and fetus, serves as the gateway between the two circulations and is usually considered to mediate maternal exposures to the fetus through a direct supply line. In this Perspective, however, we argue that the placenta is not an innocent bystander and mounts responses to fetal “signals of distress” to sustain its own adequate function and protect the fetus. We describe several types of protection that the placenta can offer the fetus against maternal metabolic perturbations and offer a theoretical model of how the placenta responds to the intrauterine environment in maternal diabetes and obesity to stabilize the fetal environment. Our approach supports growing calls for early screening and control of pregnancy metabolism to minimize harmful fetal outcomes.
Deficiency of Mitochondrial Glycerol 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Exacerbates Podocyte Injury and the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Qu Hua , Gong Xiaoli , Liu Xiufei , Zhang Rui , Wang Yuren , Huang Bangliang , Zhang Linlin , Zheng Hongting , Zheng Yi
Published: March 2021

Mitochondrial function is
essential for bioenergetics, metabolism and signaling and is compromised in
diseases such as proteinuric kidney diseases, contributing
to the global burden of kidney failure, cardiovascular morbidity and death. The
key cell type that prevents proteinuria is the
terminally differentiated glomerular podocyte. Here, we characterized
the importance of mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH),
located on the inner mitochondrial membrane, in regulating podocyte function and
glomerular disease. Specifically, podocyte-dominated mGPDH expression was
downregulated in the glomeruli of patients and mice with diabetic kidney
disease and adriamycin nephropathy. Podocyte-specific depletion of mGPDH in
mice exacerbated diabetes- or adriamycin-induced
proteinuria, podocyte injury and glomerular pathology. RNA sequencing revealed
that mGPDH regulated the RAGE signaling
pathway, and inhibition of RAGE or its ligand, S100A10, protected against the
impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics and increased ROS
generation caused by mGPDH knockdown in cultured podocytes. Moreover, RAGE
deletion in podocytes attenuated nephropathy progression in mGPDH-deficient
diabetic mice. Rescue of podocyte mGPDH expression in mice with established
glomerular injury significantly improved their renal
function. In summary, our study proposes that activation of mGPDH induces
mitochondrial biogenesis and reinforces mitochondrial function, which may
provide a potential therapeutic target for preventing podocyte injury and
proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease.
ANALISIS DATA RESISTIVITAS DAN POLARISASI TERIMBAS GUNA MENDETEKSI KEBERADAAN MINERALISASI DAERAH KARANGSAMBUNG
Authors: Pertiwi Putri , Jiwandono Tito Waluyo
Published: March 2021

Karangsambung merupakan salah satu tempat tersingkapnya batuan campuran yaitu komplek melange lok ulo yang berumur kapur akhir hingga paleosen. Aktivitas vulkanik dan tektonik pada daerah Karangsambung mengakibatkan tersingkapnya intrusi batuan beku diabas dengan struktur columnar joint. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindikasi keterdapatan mineralisasi yang disebabkan fluida hidrotermal sebagai produk sisa dari sebuah proses magmatisme. Fluida hidrotermal akan menerobos batuan samping, kemudian melewati celah-celah batuan yang telah ada akibat berkembangnya struktur geologi. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan dua metode geofisika berupa metode resistivitas dan polarisasi terimbas dengan konfigurasi dipole-dipole. Metode resistivitas digunakan untuk mendeteksi persebaran litologi batuan, sedangkan metode polarisasi terimbas digunakan untuk mendeteksi adanya mineral ubahan penciri alterasi bertipe sulfida seperti pirit, serisit dan sebagainya. Pengukuran dilakukan sebanyak 5 lintasan dengan panjang setiap lintasan 200 meter. Pengolahan data menggunakan Microsoft Excel, RES2DINV, Mapinfo Discover 3D, dan Rockworks15. Analisis penampang resistivitas dan polarisasi terimbas terindikasi adanya mineralisasi ditunjukan dengan nilai resistivitas yang tinggi yaitu 700 Ωm dan nilai chargeabilitas yang tinggi pula yaitu 300 ms. Area tersebut diduga kuat sebagai pengaruh dari proses silisifikasi atau pengkayaan silika, serta terdapat beberapa indikasi yang menunjukan pengaruh dari propilitik. Analisis dari korelasi semua penampang polarisasi terimbas pemodelan 3D diidentifikasi bahwa mineralisasi berorientasi dari arah utara-selatan serta volume zona mineralisasi diperkirakan sebesar 70.500 m3.
JGE Cover
Authors: JGE Editor
Published: March 2021

JGE Cover
“Evaluating the Effectiveness of Performance Management Systems to Move Towards Become a Digital Company”: Case Study PT. XYZ (SOE Company in Indonesia)
Authors: Azmi Alimah , Welly John
Published: March 2021

The era of digitalization requires State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) in Indonesia to carry out digital transformation. PT. XYZ is a state-owned company engaged in Electronics for Industry and Infrastructure in Indonesia. The Ministry of SOE has implemented the Seven Elements of Human Capital Architecture to increase competitiveness in the face of current digitalization. One of the architectural elements that is carried is the Performance Management and Rewarding System. Currently PT. XYZ still uses the traditional performance management system whose use is ineffective due to several factors including non-integrated data; manual processing takes a lot of time only for administrative functions and does not have a major impact on employee development. This bring a question whether the performance management used by PT. XYZ is currently in accordance with the SOE company plan to move toward becoming a digital company. In carrying out digital transformation, a broader is needed culture in companies that instill a digital mindset in the company's values. Based on the digital cultural framework promoted by CIGREF, the authors adapted this framework to measure the readiness of digital culture and the effectiveness of PT XYZ's performance management system. The seven dimensions measured in PT XYZ's digital culture are Viability, Openness, Knowledge, Agility, Trust, Interdependence, and Responsibility. Three dimensions measured in the Performance Management System of PT. XYZ stands for Openness, Knowledge, and Agility. Primary data to analyze and research this question were collected from the results of an interview with one of the HR and GA employees of PT. XYZ as well as the distribution of questionnaires. The survey also shows that the effectiveness of PT. XYZ's performance management system in moving towards a digital company is at a medium level with levels for the dimensions of Openness, Knowledge, Agility as well as medium. The recommendation to improve the effectiveness of the current performance management system is to digitize a performance management system that supports the needs of a performance management system as well as improvements in each cycle of the performance management system.
PRODUCT QUALITY AND BRAND IMAGE TOWARDS CUSTOMERS' SATISFACTION THROUGH PURCHASE DECISION OF WARDAH COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN SURABAYA
Authors: Tjahjono Ernesto Jose , Ellitan Lena , Handayani Yuliasti Ika
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine and examine the effect of product quality on purchasingdecisions, the influence of brand image on purchasing decisions, the influence ofpurchasing decisions on customer satisfaction, the effect of product quality oncustomer satisfaction through purchasing decisions, and the influence of brand imageon customer satisfaction through purchasing decisions. This research is in the form ofquantitative research, where the data obtained is primary data obtained throughdistributing questionnaires to 120 respondents who have made purchases of Wardahcosmetic products. The data obtained were then processed using the Smart PLSsoftware. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationshipbetween product quality and brand image variables on purchasing decisions, whichmeans that good product quality and good brand image will create purchasingdecisions for consumers. Purchase decisions have a positive influence on customersatisfaction. Product quality has a positive and significant effect on customersatisfaction. Brand Image does not significantly influence customer satisfaction.Product quality and brand image have a positive and significant effect on customersatisfaction through purchasing decisions. This shows that consumers will be satisfiedwith a product when consumers are satisfied with the purchasing decisions made onthe product.
THE STATE AS INTERACTING WITH THE MARKET – A SUITABLE CONTEXT FOR THE NONPROFIT SECTOR
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, ȘEULEAN (VONȚEA) Andreea-Angela
Published: March 2021

The paper aims to contextualize the elements that define the peculiarities of the nonprofit nonprofit sector. In a general note, there is provided a series of answers to the following questions: ‘Which ones are the factors that influenced the establishment of the nonprofit sector?’, and ‘Of what consists the object of the conceptual delineations regarding the nonprofit sector?’. In a particular sense, the first part of the paper refers primarily to the aspects regarding the necessity to optimize the manner of organizing the society, along with the one related to the establishment of a distinctive framework in terms of organizational infrastructure of the civil society. The second part of the paper begins with the structural-operational definition of the nonprofit sector and continues with its general characteristics.
CONTEMPORARY DATA SCIENCE FOR FINANCE STUDENTS. ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF COMMONLY USED STATISTICAL SOFTWARE - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, ION (MANU) Mădălina Viorica , VASILE Ilie ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: March 2021

This paper inventories some of the essential traits of the software preferred by researchers, students and professors, such as R or RStudio, or Matlab and also their possible utilizations. In order to fill the gap in the Romanian literature and help finance students in choosing proper tools according to the research purpose, this comparative study aims at bringing a fresh, useful perspective in the relevant literature. In Romania, the use of R was the focus of several international conferences on official statistics held in Bucharest, and others having business excellence, innovation and sustainability as purpose. In this time, at global scale, R and Python programming languages are considered the lingua franca of data science, as common statistical software used both in corporations and academia. In this paper, I analyze basic features of such software, with the purpose of application in finance.
PREPAREDNESS TO TEACH INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (IFRS) IN ETHIOPIA: A STUDY ON SELECTED UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Lakew Deresse Mersha , Musa Mohammed Getahun ,   Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Published: March 2021

Modern type of business organizations was started in Ethiopian before hundred years ago and the number is tremendously increasing nowadays. However, there was no one set of generally accepted accounting standard used by business organization in the country till December 2014 when IFRS was proclaimed as the law of the land. Though IFRS was accepted for financial reporting in the country starting from 2014, the level of preparedness in teaching IFRS in Ethiopian universities was not studied. This paper is aimed at identifying problems in teaching IFRS among teachers in Ethiopia universities. To achieve this objective, data was collected from 46 academic staffs working in six universities in the country. The study found that teachers in relatively old universities are trying to incorporate IFRS in their course plan as compared to those in recently established universities. Generally, the level of preparedness to incorporate IFRS is low in majority of the universities under study. Lack of text books in line with IFRS, problem of integrating IFRS in to the curriculum and lack of practical experiences are the top three bottle necks that hinder teaching IFRS in our universities. In order to prepare our staffs to teach in line with IFRS, both short and long term capacity building strategies were recommended in this study.
WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP: GENDER PERSONALITY TRAITS AND SKILLS
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, ABDALLAH Jaber , JIBAI Siham ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the present paper is the set of assessments and analysis of the existing situation regarding the positioning of women in the structures of power and responsibility. Our current approach is based on the analysis of the women's manager profile and the leadership styles adopted by women. Based on an extensive literature review of the articles, books and the research undertaken to date, the article presents a series of differences that appear between a business woman and a business man. It also includes a characterization of the main obstacles a woman has to overcome in an organization and provides solutions for promoting more women in management positions. By investigating personality traits, we wanted to show that leadership skills are not the focus of a single gender. There is more and more evidence that achieving a gender balance and varied and diverse management teams proportionate to all levels in a hierarchy will automatically produce positive results, which will only bring performances to organizations.
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT - A TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING PUBLIC POLICIES IN THE AREA OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, MARIN Florian
Published: March 2021

The article aims to identify and demonstrate the benefits of other tools besides those already in place, tools that ensure greater responsibility for companies, namely tools to ensure the transition of production flows towards a sustainable approach. The research method included entities representing the interest of the capital and labor determiners, in order to identify their organizational structure and concrete elements deriving from this relationship. The collection of data was based on the analysis of 52 collective agreements in force, which involved the identification of the synergy with the ISO 26000 principles. The data processing involved the organization and classification of the collective agreement clauses based on the ISO 26000 principles, following an individual analysis approach aimed to identify the synergy and compliance of the collective agreements with the ISO 26000 principles. The research highlighted a way of organizing at the level of the social partners fully adapted to the amplitude and characteristics of the environmental and social protection issues. Moreover, their work provides a concrete framework of commitments, expressed in a specific type of contract, namely the collective agreement. The latter integrates in a meaningful way the specific principles of ISO 26000, the situation that provides the collective bargaining institution as a solution to the need to make companies accountable, among others, for catalyzing the process of converting the transfer of the production flows towards the bioeconomic area. A collective agreement is a solution that does not involve the state intervention, it is immediate, and attracts binding commitments from companies to strengthen bioeconomy and social responsibility.