bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akut appendicitis kivizsgálásának és kezelésének összehasonlítása sebészeti osztályunkon a COVID–19-pandémia előtti időszak és a pandémia III. hulláma alatt
Authors: Molnár Ádám , Varga Ádám , Németh Attila
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés

Az appendicitis az egyik leggyakoribb oka az akut hasi műtéti indikációknak. A WHO a SARS-CoV-2- (COVID–19) vírusinfekciót 2020. 03. 11-én világjárvánnyá nyilvánította. A pandémia során hozott, a lakosságot és az egészségügyi ellátókat érintő korlátozó intézkedések során az akut betegellátás is új nehézségekkel nézett szembe.

Célkitűzés

Saját beteganyagunkból a SARS-CoV-2-világjárvány előtti időszak és a Magyarországon regisztrált COVID–19 III. hulláma alatt az akut appendicitisszel diagnosztizált betegek klinikai tüneteinek, kórlefolyásának, kimenetelének összehasonlítása volt.

Módszerek

Retrospektív analízisünkbe a COVID–19-pandémia előtti 5 hónap (2019. 10. 16. – 2020. 03. 16.) és a COVID–19 III. hullám (2020. 11. 01. – 2021. 04. 01.) alatt akut appendicitis klinikoradiológiai képével diagnosztizált, 18. életévüket betöltött betegeket vontunk be. Összevetettük a tünetek kialakulása és kórházi megjelenésük közt eltelt idő hosszát, a kialakult appendicitis komplikáltságát, az alkalmazott műtéti módszert, a hospitalizációs időtartamot és a posztoperatív szövődmények kialakulási gyakoriságát. A statisztikai szignifikanciát t-próbával, khi-négyzet-próbával és Fischer-teszttel vizsgáltuk.

Eredmények

Analízisünkbe 55 beteget vontunk be, 38 főt a pandémia előtti időszakban, 17 főt a COVID–19 III. hulláma alatt. A pandémia ideje alatt az akut appendicitisszel diagnosztizáltak száma csökkenő tendenciát mutatott, viszont a komplikált appendicitis előfordulási aránya növekedett (23,7% → 35%). A tünetek kialakulása és kivizsgálás között eltelt idő a pandémia előtti vizsgált időszakban átlagosan 48,9 óra, míg a COVID–19 III. hulláma alatt 76,3 óra volt (P = 0,285). A hospitalizáció időtartama a pandémia előtt 128,4 és a III. hullámban 142,6 órának adódott (P = 0,327), a posztoperatív szövődmények az alábbiak szerint alakultak: 13,1% → 23,5% (P = 0,435), viszont szignifikáns összefüggés egyik esetben sem volt.

Következtetés

Analízisünk során a két vizsgált betegpopuláció klinikai paramétereiben, kórlefolyásában, kimenetelében szignifikáns különbséget nem tudtunk igazolni.
Új trendek az axilla sebészi kezelésében emlőrák esetén
Authors: Horváth Zoltán , Paszt Attila , Simonka Zsolt , Látos Melinda , Kaizer László , Hamar Sándor , Vörös András , Ormándi Katalin , Fejes Zsuzsanna , Oláh Judit , Lázár György
Published: June 2022

Az emlődaganatok onkosebészeti kezeléséhez szorosan hozzátartozik az áttétes hónalji nyirokcsomók eltávolítása is. Az utóbbi 30 évben a hónaljnyirokcsomók diagnosztikája, kezelése is nagymértékű változáson ment keresztül. A sentinel nyirokcsomó-biopsia 1993-as bevezetése a betegek jelentős részénél biztonságosan elhagyhatóvá tette a nagy morbiditással járó axilláris blockdissectiót, és hasonlóképpen szignifikánsan pontosabbá vált az emlődaganatok stádiummeghatározása és így az onkológiai, komplex kezelés is. Az őrszemnyirokcsomó-biopsia bevezetése után nem sokkal megjelent az őrszemnyirokcsomó intraoperatív vizsgálata (pl.: inprint citológia) is, mely már a két ülésben végzett műtétek számát, ezáltal a betegek megterhelését és a műtéti költségeket is jelentősen csökkentette.

Saját vizsgálatunk eredménye rámutat, hogy az axilla kezelésében az axilláris blockdissectio elvégzése a betegek egyre kisebb csoportjánál szükséges, és ez az arány a jövőben tovább fog csökkeni, az alternatív hónalji sugárkezelés egyre szélesebb körű alkalmazásával is.

A sentinel nyirokcsomó imprint citológiai vizsgálata, a jelenlegi irányelvek figyelembevételével, már nem jár igazolható előnyökkel, rutinszerű alkalmazása nem indokolt. A legfrissebb nemzetközi ajánlások alapján mastectomia kapcsán (amikor posztoperatív sugárkezelést nem tervezünk), valamint neoadjuváns kezelést követően lehet indikált az őrszemnyirokcsomó intraoperatív vizsgálata.

Eredményeink szerint a preoperatív axilláris ultrahangvizsgálat során a gyanús nyirokcsomók észlelése előre jelezheti a betegség stádiumát. A kutatási eredményeink alapján a neoadjuváns kezelésben részesült betegek esetén sikerült igazolnunk, hogy a preoperatív daganatméret (≤20 mm, P = 0,002) mellett a preoperatív nyirokcsomóméret (≤15 mm, P = 0,04) alapján jósolható meg, hogy a betegség N0-1-es státuszú.
A perifériás érbetegség ellátásának változásai a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen
Authors: Palásthy Zsolt , Sipka Róbert , Mihalovits Gábor , Takács Tibor , Leindler László , Hódi Zoltán , Váradi Rita , Nyilas Áron , Nagy Endre , Nagy András , Vass Andrea , Ruzsa Zoltán , Bogáts Gábor , Lázár György
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés és célkitűzés

Az elmúlt évtizedekben az élet egyéb területeihez hasonlóan az egészségügy változásai is rendkívüli módon felgyorsultak. Korábban egy-egy hatékony eljárás elsajátítása révén az orvos hosszú éveken át garantálhatta betegei számára a legmagasabb szintű ellátást. Napjainkra a fejlődés dinamikájának következtében az alkalmazott gyógyítás módszereinek megújulási ciklusai lerövidültek, folyamatos tanulás és képzés nélkül már elképzelhetetlen a betegek által igényelt korszerű ellátás biztosítása.

Anyag és módszerek

Az érsebészeti rekonstrukciók tekintetében sokáig vezető szerepet játszó, műérrel végzett érpótlások helyett meghatározóvá vált az endovasculáris technikák elsődlegessége. Különösen nagy előnyt jelenthet ez a nagy invazivitással operálható aorta aneurysmák vonatkozásában. A katéteres módszerek érsebészek által történő elsajátítása tette lehetővé az érpálya kiterjedt érintettségével járó megbetegedések sikeresebb kezelését az ún. hybrid műtétek révén. A diabetes világszerte emelkedő prevalenciájának és a kritikus végtagischemiás betegek arányának növekedése mellett előtérbe helyeződött a multirezisztens baktériumok kóroki szerepe is, amelyek végeredményben az eddig preferált prosteticus graftok alkalmazásának háttérbe szorulását eredményezték. Az így ritkábbá váló graftinfectiók kezelésének eredményességét javítja a homograftok és a negatív nyomásterápia alkalmazása. A stroke megelőzésének hatékony eszköze a carotis endraterectomia, amelynek morbiditását csökkenti a direkt neuromonitoringot lehetővé tevő locoregionalis anaesthesia bevezetése.

Eredmények/következtetések

Az új eljárások elsajátítása és mindennapi gyakorlatba történő átültetése az elmúlt 10 évben folyamatos kihívás elé állította szakdolgozóinkat és orvosainkat, elért eredményeink azonban az ország vezető érsebészeti centrumai közé emelték osztályunkat.
Laparoszkópos lépsebészet a szegedi Sebészeti Klinikán
Authors: Nyilas Áron , Paszt Attila , Simonka Zsolt , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Borda Bernadett , Mán Eszter , Bereczki Ágnes , Földeák Dóra , Lázár György
Published: June 2022

A laparoszkópos splenectomia 1991-es bevezetése óta gold standard módszer a lép sebészetében, és előnyei vitathatatlanná váltak a nyitott műtéttel szemben. A technika 1994-ben került bevezetésre a Szegedi Tudományegyetem Sebészeti Klinikáján, és az azóta eltelt időben munkacsoportunk szerezte az egyik legnagyobb tapasztalatot ezen a területen Magyarországon. Eredményeink az irodalmi adatokkal korrelálva alátámasztják, hogy a laparoszkópos lépeltávolítás biztonságos, és számos előnnyel jár a szükséges sebészi tapasztalat megszerzését követően. Vizsgálatunk során a bélpasszázs hamarabb indult be, és a hospitalizáció is rövidebb volt laparoszkópos műtétet követően. Igazoltuk, hogy a laparoszkópos splenectomia biztonságos módszer extrém nagy lépek esetében is, a lép eltávolítására a Pfannenstiel-metszés kozmetikailag is kiváló alternatíva. Habár számos új gyógyszer áll rendelkezésre az ITP második vonalbeli terápiájára, a laparoszkópos lépeltávolítás biztosítja a legtartósabb eredményeket. Saját retrospektív vizsgálatunkban mind a fiatal életkor, mind a preoperatív szteroidra adott válasz (szteroid dependens esetek), mind a perioperatív thrombocytaszám pozitív prediktív faktora volt a splenectomia hosszú távú sikerességének. Megfigyelésünk szerint a splenectomiára adott azonnali komplett válasz esetén a relapszus szignifikánsan ritkábban jelent meg.
A new method for microscale cyclic crack growth characterization from notched microcantilevers and application to single crystalline tungsten and a metallic glass
Authors: Gabel S. , Merle B. , Bitzek E. , Göken M.
Published: June 2022

The lifetime of most metals is limited by cyclic loads, ending in fatigue failure. The progressive growth of cracks ends up in catastrophic failure. An advanced method is presented for the determination of cyclic crack growth on the microscale using a nanoindenter, which allows the characterization of > 10,000 loading cycles. It uses focused ion beam fabricated notched microcantilevers. The method has been validated by cyclic bending metallic glass and tungsten microcantilevers. The experiments reveal a stable crack growth during the lifetime of both samples. The metallic glass shows less plasticity due to the absence of dislocations, but shows shearing caused by the deformation. The crack growth rates determined in the tests follow Paris’ power law relationship. The results are reliable, reproducible and comparable with macroscopic setups. Due to the flexibility of the method, it is suitable for the characterization of specific microstructural features, like single phases, grain boundaries or different grain orientations.

Graphical abstract
Perception of Women's Leadership in Neo-Charismatic Churches on the Example of «the Word of Life» Church
Authors: Tatyana Krihtova
Published: June 2022

The study of the status of women in Russian neo-charismatic churches is relevant for research due to the fact that the ideas declared in such churches do not often correspond to the real status of women in the community. In theory a woman can be a priest and lead a church but in reality, in Russian churches, this happens very rarely. Most often the current situation is explained by the lack of necessary skills and character qualities among women, which, however, does not prevent them from performing other types of work in the church and being personally responsible for many processes taking place in the church. Women in the church are encouraged to be active in certain activities, but it is emphasized that the role of the church leader is not available to them. The purpose of the article is to understand the causes of this phenomenon based on the arguments of women- preachers. Using content analysis and narrative analysis we examined three models of understanding women's leadership created by one Russian and two American preachers. These models are actively used in the church rhetoric of the “Word of Life” church and in the narratives of parishioners. In these three models with the help of personal stories and references to biblical authority a woman is presented as a potentially active figure able to participate in the life of the church and manage many processes, but it is also said about the limitations which a woman must accept. Restrictions are caused by various reasons: the need to pay more attention to the family than to service; fundamentally different areas in which a woman should develop; female nature. All three models do not contradict each other; however, they assume a different level of freedom and responsibility for women and consider the availability of necessary abilities and qualities in different ways. It seems to us that such a position of women in the church is due to the fact that the universal leadership of parishioners is declared, while the circle of those who make strategically important decisions for the community is limited.
Os fundamentos microeconômicos dos indicadores de desenvolvimento socioeconômico
Authors: MOLDAU JUAN HERSZTAJN
Published: June 2022

Resumo Neste artigo, sugiro o uso de modelos não convencionais de escolha e produção, para sustentar a construção e o emprego de números de índice. Recomendo o uso do modelo de produção proposto por Georgescu-Roegen e um modelo de escolha que reconheça a existência de critérios irredutíveis. Também se destacam a distinção entre fluxo e estoque e entre serviços e fluxos de bens dos fundos, produzidos ou consumidos em atividades de transformação. Os fluxos podem frequentemente ser associados a atividades de produção. Portanto, pode-se aplicar princípios derivados da teoria da produção. As implicações correspondentes, com relação à escolha dos números de índice, são discutidas. Outra conclusão deste artigo é a necessidade de considerar números de índices, associados à satisfação de necessidades básicas, no desenho de programas sociais. Os índices de pobreza também são discutidos para ilustrar alguns dos pontos levantados no artigo.
Perspectivas para a implementação de uma política industrial no Brasil
Authors: GONÇALVES ROBSON R.
Published: June 2022

Resumo O principal objetivo deste texto é analisar alguns aspectos relacionados à implementação de uma política industrial no Brasil coerente com os ambientes internos e externos reais. Uma perspectiva de médio e longo prazo é adotada, e aspectos macro e microeconômicos da economia brasileira são enfatizados.
O elemento tubo na fundamentação do conceito de campo
Authors: Uzêda Diego Dias
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho discute a construção do conceito de campo na teoria eletromagnética, na segunda metade do século XIX, na Grã-Bretanha. A representação de campos por tubos foi tão fundamental no pensamento britânico que motivou pesquisas lideradas por William Thomson, posteriormente refinada por Joseph John Thomson, para representar a matéria por átomos compostos por tubos, o que culminou no modelo atômico de J. J. Thomson.
Assessment of dairy products stability by physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses and digital images
Authors: Leal Ketolly Natanne da Silva , Bastos Izabella Carneiro , Diniz Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Dias , de Barros Sara Regina Carneiro
Published: June 2022

Abstract The oxidative action of chemical substances present in dairy products may contribute to the darkening of the product. Product color is one of the first factors to be considered by the consumer for acceptance or rejection. In the food industry, the color parameter is measured using colorimeters and spectrophotometers; nevertheless, the use of digital images for colorimetric tests has been surveyed in the food area. Therefore, the present work aimed at investigating for 45 days the chemical, physicochemical and colorimetric alterations of creamy dairy dessert with white chocolate flavor and strawberry-flavored yogurt. These alterations were monitored by the analysis of the parameters pH, acidity, soluble solids content, in addition to spectroscopy in the middle-infrared region and digital images. The data collected were processed in a computational environment applying chemometric tools. As result, it was verified that there were alterations in the parameters evaluated; nonetheless, the acidity of the dairy dessert remained constant during the storage period. From the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using the color variables, it was observed that the samples were grouped and separated by type and storage time in agreement with the visually observed colorimetric modifications.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA IMAGINAÇÃO AO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E À EDUCAÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA PSICOLOGIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL
Authors: Pott Eveline Tonelotto Barbosa , Neves Maura Assad Pimenta , Souza Vera Lúcia Trevisan de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Este artigo, de natureza teórica, tem como objetivo apresentar a compreensão de um grupo de pesquisa acerca do conceito de imaginação na perspectiva da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, focalizando, sobretudo, as ideias desenvolvidas por Vigotski e alguns de seus interloculores. Com base nesta perspectiva, compreende-se a imaginação como uma função psicológica superior responsável por criar horizontes, libertando o sujeito de sua realidade concreta. Por possibilitar, imbricada ao pensamento, que o sujeito alcance formas abstratas de pensar, a imaginação assume grande relevância no processo de ensino/aprendizagem, sendo fundamental, portanto, às ações desenvolvidas na escola. Intenta-se, ainda, neste artigo, refletir sobre o conceito de liberdade na relação com a imaginação, visando destacar a importância dos processos imaginativos para o desenvolvimento do sujeito. Ainda, é realizad uma análise com relação ao conceito de liberdade, tal como proposto pela Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e sua relação com a imaginação. O artigo se encerra destacando-se a necessidade de avanços na compreensão da imaginação e sua importância na promoção do desenvolvimento de adolescentes e para a apropriação do conhecimento escolarizado.
THE IMPACT OF SEXUALITY WORKSHOPS: A REPORT ON THE EXPERIENCES WITH THE STUDENTS
Authors: Magrin Nicolly Papacidero , Moraes Amanda Silva de , Paniago Cecília de Moraes , Santos Ingrid Fernandes dos , Lacerda Renata Musa , Cunha Rachel Nunes da
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT The space for discussing sexuality in schools is limited, even with the perspective of preventing Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). On demand from a high school, students linked to the Tutorial Education Program of the Psychology course and the STI/AIDS Prevention Pole Extension Project held workshops with adolescents. The objective of this project was to dialogue about sexuality and promote discussions for the prevention of STIs through 9 workshops, with the participation of 18 students. These workshops were evaluated using two questionnaires and the data were treated in three axes: Workshop Evaluation - Methodologies and Facilitators; Assessing Adolescents as Multipliers and Assessing the Theme Importance for Adolescents. It was concluded that the workshops provided a means to promote STI prevention behaviors, to encourage the responsible exercise of sexuality and enabled the formation of bonds between facilitators and adolescents.
Inga uruguensis response to lead: effects on growth and nitrogenous compounds
Authors: Frachia Caroline de Lima , Silva Victor Navarro da , Paiva Wesller da Silva de , Barbosa Isis Caroline Ferreira , Silva Mariana Bocchi da , Souza Lucas Anjos , Justino Gilberto Costa , Camargos Liliane Santos de
Published: June 2022

Abstract Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal considered one of the major soil pollutants. Phytoremediation is a sustainable and economically viable biological method for reducing Pb content in the environment. Inga uruguensis is a tree legume species that has characteristics favorable to phytoremediation, such as rapid growth and high biomass production. The objective of this work was an initial evaluation of tolerance and phytoremediation potential of I. uruguensis to Pb. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. In addition to the control, soil contamination was carried out with the following Pb doses: 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg.dm³, with 5 repetitions in each treatment, totaling 30 vases. We assessed growth, number and mass of nodules, chlorophyll content, ureids, amino acid, protein and soluble carbohydrates in leaves, roots and nodules, tolerance index, dry matter, and tissues Pb content of I. uruguensis. The data were analyzed by the Tukey test using R and SISVAR software. There was no negative effect of Pb in soil on I. uruguensis growth, the symbiotic relationship with rhizobia was kept, even at high Pb content and the tolerance index was not lower than 0.69. Inga uruguensis has initial tolerance and potential to be used as phytoremediation in soils contaminated by Pb.
Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) from the Pico do Jabre, Paraíba, Brazil: Taxonomic diversity and distribution
Authors: Lopes-Silva Rafael Francisco , Cabral Simone Cristina Miranda , Baracho George Sidney , Lohmann Lúcia Garcez , Agra Maria de Fátima
Published: June 2022

Abstract The tribe Bignonieae with approximately 393 species, represents the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae. Most members of Bignonieae are tendrillate lianas, although some shrubs are also found within this clade. The Pico do Jabre, located at 1,197 m of altitude, represents the highest mountain in the state of Paraíba (Brazil) and an area of extreme biological importance. We conducted an inventory of the Bignonieae from the Pico do Jabre. We documented eight genera and 13 species, only Tanaecium parviflorum is a shrub. The most diverse genera recorded are: Tanaecium (3 spp.), Amphilophium (2 spp.), Bignonia (2 spp.) and Xylophragma (2 spp.). Anemopaegma, Cuspidaria, Dolichandra and Pyrostegia are represented by a single species each. Six species are new records for the region (i.e., Bignonia ramentacea, B. sciuripabulum, Tanaecium cyrtanthum, T. dichotomum, Xylophragma harleyi and X. heterocalyx). Tanaecium cyrtanthum, X. harleyi and X. heterocalyx are new records for the state of Paraíba. Prior to this study, Xylophragma heterocalyx was only known from the type specimen, from Minas Gerais, representing a new record for the Caatinga. The high number of new records found in this study highlights the importance of regional floristic inventories for the documentation of new species occurrences.
A COLONIALIDADE DO SABER: PERSPECTIVAS DECOLONIAIS PARA REPENSAR A UNIVERS(AL)IDADE
Authors: Reis Diego dos Santos
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O ensaio tem por objetivo questionar as relações coloniais do saber fixadas por meio de um modelo humanista eurocentrado. Para isso, adota-se uma lente de análise centrada na crítica às categorias que reforçam o racismo epistêmico como mecanismo social determinante das relações coloniais do saber e do poder. Busca-se pensar como as resistências são organizadas diante do silenciamento dos saberes, das práticas e das narrativas de corpos racialmente designados como inferiores. Trata-se, por fim, de analisar o potencial emancipatório desse movimento de resistência, teórico e prático, produzido a partir de outras corpo-políticas do conhecimento, fruto das lutas históricas contra racismo/sexismo eurocentrados.
CONSUMO DE SERIADOS ENTRE JOVENS ESTUDANTES: NARRATIVAS E INDÍCIOS À INDIVIDUAÇÃO
Authors: Pinheiro Leandro R.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Buscamos discutir a relação entre processos de individuação e consumo cultural em plataformas de streaming por jovens estudantes de diferentes níveis de ensino, em estabelecimentos públicos sediados em periferias de Porto Alegre (RS). Contribuições de Danilo Martuccelli e Martín-Barbero são as referências centrais do estudo que, em campo, desenvolvemos com base na aplicação de questionários, grupos de discussão e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Constatada a elevação do consumo de seriados associada à ampliação da escolarização, identificamos que as preferências graduam elementos narrativos melodramáticos e configurações reflexivo-identitárias, infletindo para individuações sociais construídas entre certa inconsistência contextual e a figuração de singularizações.
Pirólise de passivo de aterro de resíduos industriais para geração de carvão
Authors: Weiss Fabrício , Machado Ênio Leandro , Rodriguez Adriane de Assis Lawisch , Lopez Diosnel Antonio Rodriguez , Strothmann Aline
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Neste estudo foi avaliada a capacidade de produção de carvão por meio de resíduos classe II A aterrados em uma fundação de proteção ambiental na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. As amostras foram compostas (em proporção massa/massa) de 40% plástico, 25% papel/papelão, 25% espumas e borrachas sintéticas e 10% tecido de algodão e tripas de celulose. Empregou-se técnica de pirólise de baixa temperatura (350°C) com uma rampa de aquecimento de 2,70°C min-1 e tempo de residência de 30 minutos. Os experimentos foram feitos com e sem catalisador, sendo 25% de catalisador constituído de argila vermelha. Nas amostras brutas e pirolisadas foram avaliados o poder calorífico inferior (PCI), o poder calorífico superior (PCS) e o poder calorífico útil (PCU). Nas mesmas amostras também se caracterizaram carbono orgânico, teor de cinzas, cloretos, bem como alumínio, antimônio, bário, cádmio, cálcio, chumbo, cobalto, cobre, cromo total, ferro, magnésio, manganês, níquel, potássio, prata, sódio e zinco. As amostras pirolisadas com catalisador apresentaram valores de PCU de 5.473 kcal kg-1, tendo característica interessante para geração de energia, porém a presença de metais pesados, especialmente Ni e Cr, merece atenção quanto ao uso como combustível. A potencialidade para formulação de adubos também é crítica, sendo discutida na presente pesquisa.
Uso de concentrados plaquetarios en Implantología Oral, una revisión narrativa.
Authors: González Wilson Reina , Novoa Cristina Melo
Published: June 2022

El uso de modalidades regenerativas en odontología se ha masificado en los últimos años, específicamente en implantología, siendo actualmente esta área la mejor opción de tratamiento para reemplazar dientes faltantes. Para el éxito de la implantación se necesita un alvéolo sano, siendo la osteointegración fundamental en este proceso. Esta etapa es favorecida por alternativas como los concentrados plaquetarios, específicamente Plasma rico en Fibrina. Recopilar y analizar información acerca de concentrados plaquetarios, específicamente PRF, sus beneficios al aplicarlo en instalación de implantes dentales inmediatos. Conocer sus ventajas frente a otros concentrados y explorar algunas mejoras que se han trabajado en torno a este tema.Se realizó una búsqueda en medline a través de Pubmed mediante la fórmula con términos MeSh ("Dental Implants"[Mesh]) AND "Platelet-Rich Fibrin"[Mesh]. Se encontraron 47 resultados de los cuales se excluyeron 38 mediante lectura de título y resumen. Los restantes se leyeron a texto completo incluyéndose todos. Además, se realizó una búsqueda con términos libres para encontrar literatura acerca de datos epidemiológicos de la población chilena, incluyendo 1 estudio más.
Optimizing Limousine Service with AI
Authors: Chun Andy
Published: June 2022

A common problem faced by expanding companies is the lack of skilled and experienced domain experts, especially planners and controllers. This can seriously slow down or impede growth. This paper describes how we worked with one of the largest travel agencies in Hong Kong to alleviate this problem by using AI to support decision-making and problem-solving so that their planners/controllers can be more productive in sustaining business growth while providing quality service. This paper describes a Web-based mission critical Fleet Management System (FMS) that supports the scheduling and management of a fleet of luxury limousines. Clientele is mainly business travelers. The use of AI allowed our client to increase their business volume and expand fleet size with the same team of planners/controllers while maintaining service quality. This paper also describes our experience in building modern AI systems leveraging on Web 2.0 open-source tools and libraries. Although we used a proven AI model and search algorithm, we believe our innovation is in striking the right balance and combination of AI with modern Web 2.0 techniques to achieve low-risk implementation and deployment success as well as concrete and measurable business benefits.
A Sketch Recognition System for Recognizing Free-Hand Course of Action Diagrams
Authors: Hammond Tracy , Logsdon Drew , Paulson Brandon , Johnston Joshua , Peschel Joshua , Wolin Aaron , Taele Paul
Published: June 2022

Military course-of-action (COA) diagrams are used to depict battle scenarios and include thousands of unique symbols, complete with additional textual and designator modifiers. We have created a real-time sketch recognition interface that recognizes 485 freely-drawn military course-of-action sym- bols. When the variations (not allowable by other systems) are factored in, our system is several orders of magnitude larger than the next biggest system. On 5,900 hand-drawn symbols, the system achieves an accuracy of 90% when con- sidering the top 3 interpretations and requiring every aspect of the shape (variations, text, symbol, location, orientation) to be correct.
A Testbed for Investigating Task Allocation Strategies between Air Traffic Controllers and Automated Agents
Authors: Schurr Nathan , Good Richard , Alexander Amy , Picciano Paul , Ganberg Gabriel , Therrien Michael , Beard Bettina , Holbrook Jon
Published: June 2022

To meet the growing demands of the National Airspace System (NAS) stakeholders and provide the level of service, safety and security needed to sustain future air transport, the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) concept calls for technologies and systems offering increasing support from automated systems that provide decision-aiding and optimization capabilities. This is an exciting application for some core aspects of Artificial Intelligence research since the automation must be designed to enable the human operators to access and process a myriad of information sources, understand heightened system complexity, and maximize capacity, throughput and fuel savings in the NAS.. This paper introduces an emerging application of techniques from mixed initiative (adjustable autonomy), multi-agent systems, and task scheduling techniques to the air traffic control domain. Consequently, we have created a testbed for investigating the critical challenges in supporting the early design of systems that allow for optimal, context-sensitive function (role) allocation between air traffic controller and automated agents. A pilot study has been conducted with the testbed and preliminary results show a marked qualitative improvement in using dynamic function allocation optimization versus static function allocation.
Exact Phase Transitions and Approximate Algorithm of #CSP
Authors: Huang Ping , Yin Minghao , Xu Ke
Published: June 2022

The study of phase transition phenomenon of NP complete problems plays an important role in understanding the nature of hard problems. In this paper, we follow this line of research by considering the problem of counting solutions of Constraint Satisfaction Problems (#CSP). We consider the random model, i.e. RB model. We prove that phase transition of #CSP does exist as the number of variables approaches infinity and the critical values where phase transitions occur are precisely located. Preliminary experimental results also show that the critical point coincides with the theoretical derivation. Moreover, we propose an approximate algorithm to estimate the expectation value of the solutions number of a given CSP instance of RB model.
On the Discovery and Utility of Precedence Constraints in Temporal Planning
Authors: Hu Yanmei , Yin Minghao , Cai Dunbo
Published: June 2022

We extend the precedence constraints contexts heuristic (hpcc) to a temporal and numeric setting, and propose rules to account precedence constraints among comparison variables and logical variables. Experimental results on benchmark domains show that our extension has the potential to lead to better plan quality than that with the heuristic proposed by Eyerich and others.
Learning Compact Representations of Time-Varying Processes
Authors: Bachman Philip , Precup Doina
Published: June 2022

We seek informative representations of the processes underlying time series data. As a first step, we address problems in which these processes can be approximated by linear models that vary smoothly over time. To facilitate estimation of these linear models, we introduce a method of dimension reduction which significantly reduces error when models are estimated locally for each point in time. This improvement is gained by performing dimension reduction implicitly through the model parameters rather than directly in the observation space.
Toward Learning to Solve Insertion Tasks: A Developmental Approach Using Exploratory Behaviors and Proprioception
Authors: Koonce Philip , Dutell Vasha , Farrington Jose , Sukhoy Vladimir , Stoytchev Alexander
Published: June 2022

This paper describes an approach to solving insertion tasks by a robot that uses exploratory behaviors and proprioceptive feedback. The approach was inspired by the developmental progression of insertion abilities in both chimpanzees and humans (Hayashi et al. 2006). Before mastering insertions, the infants of the two species undergo a stage where they only press objects against other objects without releasing them. Our goal was to emulate this developmental stage on a robot to see if it may lead to simpler representations for insertion tasks. Experiments were performed using a shapesorter puzzle with three different blocks and holes.
Can Collective Sentiment Expressed on Twitter Predict Political Elections?
Authors: Chung Jessica , Mustafaraj Eni
Published: June 2022

Research examining the predictive power of social media (especially Twitter) displays conflicting results, particularly in the domain of political elections. This paper applies methods used in studies that have shown a direct correlation between volume/sentiment of Twitter chatter and future electoral results in a new dataset about political elections. We show that these methods display a series of shortcomings that make them inadequate for determining whether social media messages can predict the outcome of elections.
SemRec: A Semantic Enhancement Framework for Tag Based Recommendation
Authors: Xu Guandong , Gu Yanhui , Dolog Peter , Zhang Yanchun , Kitsuregawa Masaru
Published: June 2022

Collaborative tagging services provided by various social web sites become popular means to mark web resources for different purposes such as categorization, expression of a preference and so on. However, the tags are of syntactic nature, in a free style and do not reflect semantics, resulting in the problems of redundancy, ambiguity and less semantics. Current tag-based recommender systems mainly take the explicit structural information among users, resources and tags into consideration, while neglecting the important implicit semantic relationships hidden in tagging data. In this study, we propose a Semantic Enhancement Recommendation strategy (SemRec), based on both structural information and semantic information through a unified fusion model. Extensive experiments conducted on two real datasets demonstarte the effectiveness of our approaches.
Predicting Author Blog Channels with High Value Future Posts for Monitoring
Authors: Wu Shanchan , Elsayed Tamer , Rand William , Raschid Louiqa
Published: June 2022

The phenomenal growth of social media, both in scale and importance, has created a unique opportunity to track information diffusion and the spread of influence, but can also make efficient tracking difficult. Given data streams representing blog posts on multiple blog channels and a focal query post on some topic of interest, our objective is to predict which of those channels are most likely to contain a future post that is relevant, or similar, to the focal query post. We denote this task as the future author prediction problem (FAPP). This problem has applications in information diffusion for brand monitoring and blog channel personalization and recommendation. We develop prediction methods inspired by (naive) information retrieval approaches that use historical posts in the blog channel for prediction. We also train a ranking support vector machine (SVM) to solve the problem. We evaluate our methods on an extensive social media dataset; despite the difficulty of the task, all methods perform reasonably well. Results show that ranking SVM prediction can exploit blog channel and diffusion characteristics to improve prediction accuracy. Moreover, it is surprisingly good for prediction in emerging topics and identifying inconsistent authors.
User-Controllable Learning of Location Privacy Policies With Gaussian Mixture Models
Authors: Cranshaw Justin , Mugan Jonathan , Sadeh Norman
Published: June 2022

With smart-phones becoming increasingly commonplace, there has been a subsequent surge in applications that continuously track the location of users. However, serious privacy concerns arise as people start to widely adopt these applications. Users will need to maintain policies to determine under which circumstances to share their location. Specifying these policies however, is a cumbersome task, suggesting that machine learning might be helpful. In this paper, we present a user-controllable method for learning location sharing policies. We use a classifier based on multivariate Gaussian mixtures that is suitably modified so as to restrict the evolution of the underlying policy to favor incremental and therefore human-understandable changes as new data arrives. We evaluate the model on real location-sharing policies collected from a live location-sharing social network, and we show that our method can learn policies in a user-controllable setting that are just as accurate as policies that do not evolve incrementally. Additionally, we highlight the strength of the generative modeling approach we take, by showing how our model easily extends to the semi-supervised setting.
The News that Matters to You Design and Deployment of a Personalized News Service
Authors: Stefik Mark , Good Lance
Published: June 2022

With the growth of online information, many people are challenged in finding and reading the information most important for their interests. From 2008-2010 we built an experimental personalized news system where readers can subscribe to organized channels of information that are curated by experts. AI technology was employed to radically reduce the work load of curators and to efficiently present information to readers. The system has gone through three implementation cycles and processed over 16 million news stories from about 12,000 RSS feeds on over 8000 topics organized by 160 curators for over 600 registered readers. This paper describes the approach, engineering and AI technology of the system.
A Machine Learning Based System for Semi-Automatically Redacting Documents
Authors: Cumby Chad , Ghani Rayid
Published: June 2022

Redacting text documents has traditionally been a mostly manual activity, making it expensive and prone to disclosure risks. This paper describes a semi-automated system to en- sure a specified level of privacy in text data sets. Recent work has attempted to quantify the likelihood of privacy breaches for text data. We build on these notions to provide a means of obstructing such breaches by framing it as a multi-class classification problem. Our system gives users fine-grained control over the level of privacy needed to obstruct sensi- tive concepts present in that data. Additionally, our system is designed to respect a user-defined utility metric on the data (such as disclosure of a particular concept), which our methods try to maximize while anonymizing. We describe our redaction framework, algorithms, as well as a prototype tool built in to Microsoft Word that allows enterprise users to redact documents before sharing them internally and obscure client specific information. In addition we show experimen- tal evaluation using publicly available data sets that show the effectiveness of our approach against both automated attack- ers and human subjects.The results show that we are able to preserve the utility of a text corpus while reducing disclosure risk of the sensitive concept.
Emerging Applications for Intelligent Diabetes Management
Authors: Marling Cindy , Wiley Matthew , Bunescu Razvan , Shubrook Jay , Schwartz Frank
Published: June 2022

Diabetes management is a difficult task for patients, who must monitor and control their blood glucose levels in order to avoid serious diabetic complications. It is a difficult task for physicians, who must manually interpret large volumes of blood glucose data to tailor therapy to the needs of each patient. This paper describes three emerging applications that employ AI to ease this task and shares difficulties encountered in transitioning AI technology from university researchers to patients and physicians
Transcription System Using Automatic Speech Recognition for the Japanese Parliament (Diet)
Authors: Kawahara Tatsuya
Published: June 2022

This article describes a new automatic transcription system in the Japanese Parliament which deploys our automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology. To achieve high recognition performance in spontaneous meeting speech, we have investigated an efficient training scheme with minimal supervision which can exploit a huge amount of real data. Specifically, we have proposed a lightly-supervised training scheme based on statistical language model transformation, which fills the gap between faithful transcripts of spoken utterances and final texts for documentation. Once this mapping is trained, we no longer need faithful transcripts for training both acoustic and language models. Instead, we can fully exploit the speech and text data available in Parliament as they are. This scheme also realizes a sustainable ASR system which evolves, i.e. update/re-train the models, only with speech and text generated during the system operation. The ASR system has been deployed in the Japanese Parliament since 2010, and consistently achieved character accuracy of nearly 90%, which is useful for streamlining the transcription process.
Applying Constraint Programming to Incorporate Engineering Methodologies into the Design Process of Complex Systems
Authors: Boni Odellia , Fournier Fabiana , Mashkif Nir , Naveh Yehuda , Sela Aviad , Shani Uri , Lando Zvi , Modai Alon
Published: June 2022

When designing a complex system, adhering to a design methodology is essential to ensure design quality and to shorten the design phase. Until recently, enforcing this could be done only partially or manually. This paper demonstrates how constraint programming technology can enable automation of the design methodology support when the design artifacts reside in a central repository. At any phase of the design, the proposed constraint programming application can indicate whether the design process data complies with the methodology and point out any violations that may exist. Moreover, the application can provide recommendations regarding the design process. The application was successfully used to check the methodology conformance of an industrial example and produced the desired outputs within reasonable times.
Intelligent Computation of Reachability Sets for Space Missions
Authors: Komendera Erik , Scheeres Daniel , Bradley Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

This paper introduces a new technique for intelligently exploring the reachability set of a spacecraft: the set of trajectories from a given initial condition that are possible under a specified range of control actions. The high dimension of this problem and the nonlinear nature of gravitational interactions make the geometry of these sets complicated, hard to compute, and all but impossible to visualize. Currently, exploration of a problem’s state space is done heuristically, based on previously identified solutions. This potentially misses out on improved mission design solutions that are not close to previous approaches. The goal of the work described here is to map out reachability sets automatically. This would not only aid human mission planners, but also allow a spacecraft to determine its own course without input from Earth-based controllers. Brute-force approaches to this are computationally prohibitive, so one must focus the effort on regions that are of interest: where neighboring trajectories diverge quickly, for instance, or come close to a body that the spacecraft is orbiting. In this paper, we focus on the first of those two criteria; the goal is to identify regions in the system’s state space where small changes have large effects— or vice versa—and concentrate the computational mesh accordingly.
Learning Driver’s Behavior to Improve the Acceptance of Adaptive Cruise Contr
Authors: Rosenfeld Avi , Bareket Zevi , Goldman Claudia , Kraus Sarit , LeBlanc David , Tsimoni Omer
Published: June 2022

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is a technology that allows a vehicle to automatically adjust its speed to maintain a preset distance from the vehicle in front of it based on the driver’s preferences. Individual drivers have different driving styles and preferences. Current systems do not distinguish among the users. We introduce a method to combine machine learning algorithms with demographic information and expert advice into existing automated assistive systems. This method can save on the interactions between drivers and automated systems by adjusting parameters relevant to the operation of these systems based on their specific drivers and context of drive. We also learn when users tend to engage and disengage the automated system. This method sheds light on the kinds of dynamics that users develop while interacting with automation and can teach us how to improve these systems for the benefit of their users. While accepted packages such as Weka were successful in learning drivers’ behavior, we found that improved learning models could be developed by adding information on drivers’ demographics and a previously developed model about different driver types. We present the general methodology of our learning procedure and suggest applications of our approach to other domains as well.
Optimization of Heterogeneous Computing Resources for Robotic Mapping
Authors: Ratter Adrian
Published: June 2022

The efficient use of computing resources on a heterogeneous robotics platform, both in terms of run time performance and power usage, presents an interesting research problem, and is the focus of my research. It is envisaged that this will be achieved by both finding parallel approaches to algorithms commonly used in robotics, and investigating the use of a scheduler to efficiently allocate resources across a heterogeneous hardware platform. In particular, while there has been much research on using specialized hardware for image and video processing algorithms, work on areas specific to robotics, such as position tracking, mapping and sensor fusion, is not as common.
Multiagent Stochastic Planning With Bayesian Policy Recognition
Authors: Panella Alessandro
Published: June 2022

When operating in stochastic, partially observable, multiagent settings, it is crucial to accurately predict the actions of other agents. In my thesis work, I propose methodologies for learning the policy of external agents from their observed behavior, in the form of finite state controllers. To perform this task, I adopt Bayesian learning algorithms based on nonparametric prior distributions, that provide the flexibility required to infer models of unknown complexity. These methods are to be embedded in decision making frameworks for autonomous planning in partially observable multiagent systems.
AAAI Organization
Authors: Hamilton Carol
Published: June 2022

List of officers, councilors, and staff of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
Conference Committees
Authors: Hamilton Carol
Published: June 2022

List of conference committees for AAAI-13, IAAI-13, and the EAAI-13 symposium.
Making Simple Tabular ReductionWorks on Negative Table Constraints
Authors: Li Hongbo , Liang Yanchun , Guo Jinsong , Li Zhanshan
Published: June 2022

Simple Tabular Reduction algorithms (STR) work well to establish Generalized Arc Consistency (GAC) on positive table constraints. However, the existing STR algorithms are useless for negative table constraints. In this work, we propose a novel STR algorithm and its improvement, which work on negative table constraints. Our preliminary experiments are performed on some random instances and a certain benchmark instances. The results show that the new algorithms outperform GAC-valid and the MDD-based GAC algorithm.