bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Improve the Physical Health in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders
Authors: Falkai P.
Published: September 2022

Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder characterised by positive, negative, affective and cognitive symptoms and can be regarded as a disorder of impaired neural plasticity. This lecture focusses on the beneficial role of exercise in schizophrenia and its underlying mechanisms.Apart from the established pharmacological treatments in schizophrenia, aerobic exercise has a profound impact on the plasticity of the brain of both rodents and humans such as inducing the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells of the hippocampus in mice and rats. Aerobic exercise enhances LTP and leads to a better performance in hippocampus related memory tasks, eventually by increasing metabolic and synaptic plasticity related proteins in the hippocampus. In healthy humans, regular aerobic exercise increases hippocampal volume and seems to diminish processes of ageing like brain atrophy and cognitive decline.Several meta-analyses demonstrate the beneficial effect of exercise on function, positive as well as negative symptoms and brain structure in multi-episode schizophrenia.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The impact of depression in Alzheimer’s disease hospitalized patients: a study protocol for a nationwide retrospective study
Authors: Brás B. , Ferreira A.R. , Gonçalves-Pinho M. , Freitas A. , Fernandes L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. About 40-50% of AD patients are also affected by depression, with mounting evidence suggesting its association with worse disease prognosis and negative outcomes, such as lower quality of life, higher mortality and more hospitalizations. However, few studies have specifically measured the association of depression with AD hospitalization outcomes.

Objectives

To characterize depression among all hospitalizations with a registered diagnosis of AD and to explore its association with hospitalization outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, length of stay and discharge destination.

Methods

A retrospective observational study will be conducted following the RECORD statement. A Portuguese nationwide hospitalization database from all mainland public hospitals will be used. Episodes of inpatients ≥65 years old with a primary or secondary diagnosis of AD (ICD-9-CM code 331.0), discharged between 2008-2015, will be selected. Codes 296.2X, 296.3X, 300.4 and 311 will be used to identify episodes with a concomitant registry of depression at any diagnostic position. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate approaches will be used.

Results

A total of 61 361 episodes complying with the fixed criteria will be assigned to one of two groups (with vs without depression). Groups will be compared regarding sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity profile, type of admission (planned vs urgent) and hospitalization outcomes. Results regarding the association of depression and outcomes will be presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR).

Conclusions

With this nationwide analysis, we expect to contribute to the clarification of depression impact on AD hospitalizations, so that best-practice care may be provided to these patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A growing heart: a literary review on clozapine-induced Myocarditis
Authors: Ramalheira F. , Conde Moreno M. , Vieira A. , Freitas B. , Vasconcelos M.D.C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Clozapine, a unique antipsychotics, is well known for its adverse effects. Myocarditis is a rare but life-threatening complication, however not monitored at a global scale.

Objectives

This work aims to review the literature on clozapine-induced myocarditis.

Methods

Pubmed and Google Scholar search using Mesh terms clozapine, myocarditis, clozapine-induced myocarditis.

Results

Clozapine-induced Myocarditis (CIM) is potentially fatal, with mortality rates environ 21%. According to the World Health Organization Monitoring Program, notification rate is 0,93%, nonetheless incidence found in literature varies dramatically. Highest rates are reported in Australia, where this relationship was first established and a complete monitoring protocol is compulsory in all patients starting clozapine, which causes some authors to defend this condition is generally undernotified. Underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but an imunomediated hypersensitive reaction occurring in the first 3-4 weeks after treatment is suggested. CIM is rare after 6 weeks. Risk factors include age, cardiac disease, initial high dose, rapid titration and simultaneous valproate or other antipsychotics use. The most common symptoms, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea and malaise, are non-specific and can be indistinguishable from other clozapine benign adverse effects. Analytically, C-reactive protein and Troponine elevation are the most specific diagnostic markers, therefore the most suitable for monitoring. Prompt cardiological observation for further evaluation should be seeked whenever CIM is suspected.

Conclusions

Diagnosis of CIM can be challenging. Systematic monitoring is not consensual but may increase detection, prevent severe outcomes and help clinicians decide whether to keep or suspend therapy. Clozapine is beneficial and shouldn’t be avoided or unjustifiably discontinued.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Loneliness in elderly in the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Suárez-Gómez S. , Rodrigues P. , Matos-Pires A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Loneliness and social isolation condition the health of those over 65 years of age, increasing morbidity and mortality. The pandemic caused by Covid-19 has been a health emergency in which the negative effects have been increased by loneliness. We can define several types of loneliness: physical loneliness, moral loneliness and social isolation.

Objectives

The objective was to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on the feeling of loneliness in those over 65 years of age during the last year of the pandemic.

Methods

A bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed with the terms “loneliness in elderly in the covid-19 pandemic” with the filters “abstract” and “in the last 1 year”, selecting the studies whose title included the terms “loneliness”, “elderly” or “older people” and “Covid-19 ” or “SARS-Cov-2”. The search gave rise to 13 results, of which the content of the abstracts was qualitatively analyzed.

Results

All studies found an increase in loneliness in the elderly, and more than 50% reported a decrease in this feeling in the elderly trained in new technologies. Other aspects that stood out to influence were comorbidity, resilience, economic situation, social support and subjective feeling of vulnerability.

Conclusions

Older adults avoid direct social contact to protect themselves. This may result in loneliness, that can have serious consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality. To mitigate loneliness they can use online social media, but older adults need to be trained. Institutions and public powers have the obligation to ensure individual and collective security, and protect the integrity of people from dangers.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A pilot add-on Randomized-Controlled Trial evaluating the effect of binaural beats on study performance, mind-wandering, and core symptoms of adult ADHD patients
Authors: Malandrone F. , Spadotto M. , Boero M. , Bracco I.F. , Oliva F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that frequently persists throughout adulthood. Binaural Beats (BB) are auditory perceptions occurring when two soundwaves of slightly different frequency are carried separately to the ears; they might modulate brain activity and performance.

Objectives

To evaluate BB efficacy on studing performance, mind-wandering, and core symptoms of a sample of adult ADHD outpatients

Methods

In this randomized-controlled trial we recruited a sample of University students in pharmacological treatment for adult ADHD. A track with 15 Hz BB (415 Hz to right and 400 Hz to the left ear) was delivered to the intervention group; whereas, a placebo track consisting of two identical frequencies (400 Hz) was administered to control group. The RCT consisted of a baseline assessment (T0) and two fortnightly follow-ups (T1-T2). Each time, the patient filled the ADHD-RS-5 (ADHD Rating Scale-5) and the MEWS (Mind Excessively Wandering Scale) and executed an online version of SART (Sustained Attention to Response Task). The effect of self-administered acoustic stimulation during individual studying sessions was estimated by a subjective studying performance (SSP) evaluation questionnaire.

Results

A significant improvement of SSP from baseline assessment (T1) to the last observation (T3) was detected in BB group only (mean differences= 2.7, p<.001). A significant between-group contrast for SSP was also found at T3. No other significant changes were detected for ADHD-RS, MEWS and SART at p<.05 level.

Conclusions

BB seem to improve subjective studying performance and ADHD symptoms severity. These preliminary findings must be confirmed in larger sample.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Repeat Emergency Visits for Mental Health Patients: Before and during the Covid19 pandemic
Authors: Tempier R. , Bouattane E.M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Frequent users of Emergency Departments (EDs) are a diverse group accounting for disproportionate EDs visits. Psychiatric patients are more likely to visit EDs (Slankamenac, 2020). EDs utilisation by psychiatric patients increased by 4.4% during COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives

to determine frequent users characteristics within an Ottawa University Hospital, and assess Covid19 impact on overutilization of EDs compared to other hospitals.

Methods

Retrospective study of repeat visits characteristics, data extracted from EMR database. Repeat visits defined as no less than 30 days first visit to any EDs. Period of observation: March 1st, 2018 - February 28th, 2021 Results.

Results

64% EDS visits for MH, 35% for addictions. More men (57%), age groups: 16-34 y.o. (41%), 34-64 y.o. (51%), 65 +y.o. (8%).

Top presenting reasons: suicidality, self-harm, depression (40.5%). Anxiety, situational crisis (16%), bizarre behavior (12%).

Most prevalent diagnoses: schizophrenia (28.7%), stress and anxiety (25.2%), personality disorders (13.5%) and depressive episode (10.6%). Only 35.1% admitted after repeat ED visits, 35.1% came by ambulance. Increase during peak pandemic exceeding 20%. Clearly pandemic created more pressures for MH services needs.

Conclusions

Schizophrenia and personality disorders made most prevalent diagnostic groups. Even when patients are in acute needs, they do not always require hospitalization. Investigating what MH conditions that got more stressed by the Covid19 pandemic will be of interest.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Alternatives to emergency departments for mental health crisis - a system wide approach can lead to better patient outcomes
Authors: Dove J. , Leveson S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

In Camden and Islington (North Central London) we have restructured our emergency mental health services significantly. Prior to January 2020 all emergency mental health presentations, including those detained in public by the police (S136) were supported through our three emergency departments and their respective liaison mental health teams. In January 2020 a new ‘Health Based Place of Safety’ (for those detained by police) was opened to avoid people spending time in emergency departments unnecessarily. When the COVID-19 pandemic first took hold in the UK in March 2020 a second unit, a ‘Mental Health Crisis Assessment Service’ (MHCAS) was set up again away from the acute sites, encouraging people in MH crisis to attend a designated MH ED away from the acute sites. This study aims to review the system and patient outcomes since the development of the pathway.

Objectives

Relieving pressures on ED by reduction in patient numbers that could be better supported elsewhere and free up resource for alternative assessments and patient needs.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study to review the outcomes of the new system in relation to emergency mental health crisis presentations. Comparison to be made with ED data for 2 years prior to new system.

Results

Pending final results but initial data suggests 25% reduction in ED presentation for MH cause with new system. Reduction in psychiatric inpatient admissions of between 3-5%.

Conclusions

Creative system wide initiatives to provide alternatives to emergency departments for people in emergency mental health crisis can lead to significantly improved patient outcomes and experience.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Potential Relationship Between The Environmental Risk Factors And Social Cognition in Psychosis
Authors: Cicek S. , Karadag F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

In schizophrenia research, little is known about the relationship of environmental exposures with social cognition deficits.

Objectives

We aimed to investigate the relationship between social cognitive performance and well-defined environmental risk factors (childhood adversities, birth season, paternal age, obstetric complications, urban living i.e.) in schizophrenia.

Methods

54 schizophrenia patients and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were included in our study. Participants in both groups were of similar age, gender, and educational level. Two theory of mind (ToM) tests (DEZIKÖ and RMET), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were applied. ToM test scores among groups (patients with/ without risk factors, and HC) were compared using analysis of variance.

Results

Overall, the schizophrenia group scored higher on the CTQ and performed worse on ToM tests than the HCs. Patients were more likely to report obstetric complications, advanced paternal age, winter and rural birth. Both the patients having high and low CTQ scores performed poorer on the RMET and false belief test than HCs. However, there was no significant difference in DEZİKÖ-total scores of patients with low CTQ scores and HCs. Patients with advanced paternal age at birth achieved lower faux pas sub-scores. Urban birth and RMET scores were positively correlated in patients.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest the environmental factors such as childhood traumas, advanced paternal age, and rural birth seem to negatively affect the social cognitive performance of schizophrenia patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental health evaluation of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and psychiatric comorbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vanzetto S. , Vismara M. , Frediani A. , Cassina N. , Maconi G. , Bosi M. , Viganò C. , Dell’Osso B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The mental health of subjects with chronic medical illnesses, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD- Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis), is typically compromised and the current COVID-19 pandemic might have additionally increased this burden.

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to investigate, during the COVID-19 pandemic, if the presence of a comorbid psychiatric disorder has played a role as an aggravating factor on mental health in patients with IBD.

Methods

Twenty Five patients with psychiatric comorbidities (PC+) and twenty five without (PC-) comparable for age and gender, were recruited at the Gastroenterology department at Sacco University Hospital in Milan. Participants were assessed a psychiatric evaluation, collecting socio-demographic variables and measures of anxiety and depression [on the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS)], sleep patterns [on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)] and general health status [on the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36)].

Comparative statistical analyses were performed with t test with Bonferroni correction.

Results

PC+ (n=25) showed more severe anxiety and depressive symptoms compared with PC- (n=25) (p <.001) and worse sleep pattern (p<.05). With respect to general health status, PC+ showed reduced physical activities (p<.05), social activities (p<.05), mental health (p<.01) and role limitations due to physical health (p<.05).

Conclusions

The present findings showed a worse mental health in subjects with IBD and psychiatric comorbidities during Covid-19 pandemic, highlighting the importance of screening and treatment of psychiatric symptoms disorders in these patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Post-stroke mania
Authors: Ortega M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Approximately one-third of stroke survivors develop poststroke depression. Post-stroke mania is relatively rare, with a prevalence of less than 2%. One review of case reports of late-onset mania in 2015 demonstrated that 51% of the patients had established vascular risk factors. In 28% of cases, the treatment of underlying organic cause contributed to successful remission of the manic episode.

Objectives

For this review, we aimed to compile published case reports from the past 20 years to review late-onset mania as one of the neuropsychiatric outcomes of stroke and its management.

Methods

literature search on Pubmed, PsychInfo, and Embase utilizing keywords combinations: Bipolar, Manic, Mania, Secondary, Stroke, Poststroke, Post-stroke, Elderly, Old, Late onset, Late-onset, Lateonset, Hemisphere, Brain, Vascular, Infarction.

Results

Among the 17 case reports, the age of onset of manic episode ranged from 47 to 86 with a mean of 67 years. Of the 17 cases, the right hemisphere was the most frequently affected (14/17, 82%), with cerebrovascular lesion involving the left hemisphere in 3 cases (17.6%).

Conclusions

Clinicians should consider mania secondary to an organic cause in patients presenting with focal or soft neurological signs or symptoms, manic episode with atypical symptoms such as visual or olfactory hallucinations, altered mental status, disorientation, impairment in memory or cognition, unusual age of onset for bipolar disorder, or unusual illness course such as single episode of mania or poor response to psychopharmacologic treatment. Some reviews suggest combination of mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics. Benzodiazepines recommended as an adjunctive drug for acute management such as agitation, aggressive behavior or disinhibition.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Inflammatory Markers in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Constable M. , Hou R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

A growing number of studies have examined the link between inflammatory markers (IM) and the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, this association has yet to be fully identified.

Objectives

This review aims to systematically evaluate evidence from studies examining peripheral IM in adult participants with OCD compared to controls. IM included: CRP, TNFa, IFNγ, IL1/4/6/10.

Methods

Databases used for literature searching: Medline, Embase, PsycINFO (until October 2021). Studies that examined IM in the blood of adult OCD and control groups were included. Screening and data extraction adhered to PRISMA guideline standards. The quality assessment utilised funnel plots and the approach developed by Hawker et al. 2002. A random-effects meta-analysis model was adopted. PROSPERO reference number: CRD42021284766.

Results

The systematic review (19 studies, 1,225 participants) and meta-analysis (12 studies, 796 participants) had an average quality assessment score of 28.3 (medium quality) and 30.7 (high quality), respectively. The average heterogeneity of each IM analysed was 76.6%. Totalled, each study and IM analysis showed more insignificant differences (n=35) than significant differences (n=25). The
meta-analysis revealed no significant difference for overall IM assessments. However, a sub-analysis of IL6 (excluding studies using serum or lipopolysaccharide stimulation) found significantly lower levels of IL6 within the OCD group (effect size: 3.98 and 95% CI: 0.43,7.53).

Conclusions

This is an up-to-date systematic review examining IM in OCD. Insignificant results found may have resulted from the relatively high heterogeneity or varied study designs. One sub-analysis of IL6 identified an association, although further studies are required with larger sample sizes and fewer disparities.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Relation of Environment to Unipolar Recurrent Depression
Authors: Horesh Reinman N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Recurrent Unipolar and Bipolar affective disorders are considered paradigms of biological entities in psychiatry. However recent theories have underlined the role that environment plays in the genesis of these disorders in interaction with genetic diatheses.

Objectives

This study examined the relationship between stressful life events (SLE) and recurrent major depressive disorders.

Methods

Three groups of 50 subjects were assessed: Patients with recurrent major depressive disorder with melancholic features; patients with borderline personality disorder; and healthy controls. Interviews for DSM-V Disorders were used for diagnosis. Beck Depression Inventory, The Israel Psychiatric Research Interview Life Event Scale and the Coddington Events Schedule were used to measure life events and depression and were confirmed with an interview.

Results

The proportions of loss-related events in childhood and in the year preceding the first episode was higher in the depressed group than in the control groups during the same time period. Proportions of SLE, uncontrolled and independent events were also more common in the depressed patients in the year preceding the first episode.

Conclusions

The study’s conclusion is that SLE plays an important role in the onset of depressive disorders. There are specific kinds of SLE that occur in childhood and in the year preceding the first episode. SLE has a less significant role in the maintenance of this illness.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The DiSCoVeR trial – first look at patient training and their expectations regarding a new, innovative treatment
Authors: Rubene L. , Konošonoka L. , Nahum M. , Padberg F. , Bavelier D. , Hummel F. , Bonne O. , Rancans E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The DiSCoVeR trial is a multi-site, double-blind, sham controlled, randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the feasibility and efficacy of an innovative, self-applied treatment approach for patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). The treatment approach incorporates non-invasive brain stimulation, i.e. prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and a videogame designed to enhance emotional cognitive control. This treatment is aimed to be applied at home and monitored remotely.

Objectives

In this study we are looking at the first 10 single-site patients and comparing expected in person visits (according to the study protocol) versus actual in person visits as well as looking at the patients initial view of the therapy using the therapy evaluation form (CEQ) submitted after the 5th session.

Methods

Before continuing to self-administer the treatment at home patients undergo supervised training, during clinic visits, for up to 5 sessions. At the end of the 5th session, they are asked to fill out a therapy evaluation form (CEQ).

Results

Patients needed on average 2.3 in person training sessions before continuing the intervention remotely. Nine patients completed CEQ. Results show that on average patients thought that this course will be 4.78 (with probability 95% CI 4.74 to 4.82) points successful at raising their level of functioning and thought that their functioning will have increased on average by 37.8% (CI 37.2% to 38.4%) by the end of the study.

Conclusions

Patients needed less than half of planned in person training visits. Most patients felt like they will gain some improvement from this intervention.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Autonomic responses during gambling: the effect of outcome type and sex in a large community sample of young adults
Authors: Hultman C. , Vadlin S. , Rehn M. , Nilsson K. , Åslund C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Autonomic arousal is believed to be an underlying reinforcer for problematic gambling behavior. Theories suggests that near-misses (outcomes falling just short of a true win) are structural characteristics affecting emotion and motivation while increasing gambling persistence.

Objectives

Psychophysiological responses to different outcomes in gambling were investigated in a community-based sample of young adults. Furthermore, sex differences in responses to different gambling outcomes were investigated.

Methods

Young adults (n=270) performed a simplified virtual slot machine producing wins, two types of near-misses (before/after payline) and full-misses, with simultaneous measurements of heart rate (HR) and skin conductance responses (SCR). Self-reports of perceived chance of winning, pleasure and motivation to play were given by the participants on each trial.

Results

Near-misses were associated with the largest HR acceleration compared to wins and full-misses, and larger HR deceleration and SCRs compared to full-misses. Differential autonomic and subjective reports were observed for near-misses subtypes, suggesting that near-misses are processed differently depending on their position before or after payline. Females showed larger SCR responses and increased motivation following wins compared to males.

Conclusions

Slot machine gambling outcomes elicit differential physiological and subjective responses in young adults. Specifically, near-misses produce larger autonomic responses compared to regular full-misses. However, near-misses are complex, multifaceted events producing various emotional responses depending on their characterization. Males and females respond differently to wins, highlighting the importance of considering sex differences in experimental research on autonomic responses in gambling.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Assessment of the gifted adolescents’ functional state of the organism under the psychological stress
Authors: Arakelyan M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Many studies have shown that gifted children and youth have difficulties in education, emotional regulations, psychological adjustment process etc.

Objectives

Our aim is to evaluate the adaptive capacity, the functional state of the gifted adolescents’ organism under external potential stressor.

Methods

The research has been conducted in schools of Yerevan, RA. The initial sample consisted of 500 high school students aged 16-18. Renzulli’s Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness was used to reveal gifted adolescents. In the course of study 35 of 500 participants were defined as gifted. The quasi-experimental design has been used with 35 participants in the comparison and experiment group each. For comparative analyses, we used Heart rate variability (HRV) method. As a potential stressor, the intellectual workload was selected. The ECG indicators have been recorded for 5 minutes each before and after the intellectual workload. We are presenting the results through Stress Index.

Results

As we can see from the picture 1. the Stress Index (SI) of gifted girls and boys are higher from norm (the norm is 20-100). For control groups, the SI is within the norm. The SI for gifted groups of adolescents significantly higher from those of control groups. The data indicates, that for gifted adolescents the activity of central mechanisms prevails over autonomous mechanisms.

Conclusions

The level of stress in gifted adolescents is higher than that of the control group and rises in case when the task wasn’t solved. High results speak about psycho-emotional tension and stress. Further research is needed to understand the psychological background of such reactions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Towards EEG Biomarkers of Emotional Burnout Syndrome: gender related variations in functional connectivity under Resistance stage formation
Authors: Tukaiev S. , Harmatiuk D. , Popov A. , Makarchuk M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The phenomenon of burnout generates the most interest due to relation to complete or partial disengagement of emotions, cognitive impairment, impairment of long-term and working memory. The neurophysiological mechanisms of emotional burnout remain insufficiently studied. Data related to gender specific characteristics of burnout formation are contradictory.

Objectives

To establish the gender related EEG markers of burnout was our aim.

Methods

621 volunteers (443 females) aged 18 to 24 years participated in this study. EEG was registered during the resting state (3 min, closed eyes condition). The interhemispheric and intrahemispheric average coherence across all EEG segments in all frequencies from 0.2-45 Hz was estimated. Psychological testing was performed before the registration of EEG. To determine the level of burnout formation the Boyko`s Syndrome of Emotional Burnout Inventory (SEB) was used.

Results

The Resistance phase of emotional burnout was formed in 139 women and 42 men. Development of Resistance stage in female includes formation of new intrahemispheric connections predominantly in the left frontal region (alpha1,2,3-subbands) and the midline frontal-central axis (Fz-Cz, alpha1,2 and theta2-subbands). At the same time new intrahemispheric links in men under Resistance stage development are formed mainly in the right frontal region (alpha1,2,3-subbands).

Conclusions

Connectivity patterns displayed gender-related variations that are associated with the difference in the alterations in the attention focusing, working memory, and emotional processes under burnout formation.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Is it exhausting to be a healthcare worker these days?
Authors: Solis M. , Valverde Barea M. , Perdiguero Sempere E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

People spend a large part of our lives in the workplace. Stress at work, desmotivation and mental exhaustation are consequences derived from stressful situations that can be generated at work.

Objectives

Detection in hospitals of those workers susceptible to exhaustion, work stress or personal demotivation to avoid a problem in the worker’s mental health, allowing early intervention and health strategies.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out that included 84 healthcare workers from Spain in October 2021, through an anonymous, voluntary and multiple response type online survey which included questions about sociodemographic aspects and the Maslach burnout inventory

Results

62% were doctors and 29% were nurses, 3 workers were nursing assistants, 2 orderlies, 1 psychologist and 1 physiotherapist. 13% of workers report having received / thought about requesting care from a mental health team (psychologist / psychiatrist) in the last year. 8% admit to having had suicidal ideas in the last year. 30.6% report being emotionally exhausted from their work always and almost always. 15.3% report that working with patients every day is stressful for them.29.4% report feeling “burned” by work. Only 28.2% say that they are always or almost always with a lot of vitality. 20.2% feel that they are at the limit of their possibilities.

Conclusions

Detection in hospitals of those people susceptible to exhaustion, work stress or personal demotivation to avoid a problem in the worker’s mental health, allowing early intervention and health strategies.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Influence of personal resources on job satisfaction. A study among professionals in the inpatient care of children and adolescents
Authors: Haehnle S. , Fegert J.M. , Hoffmann U.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Professionals in the inpatient care of burdened children and adolescents are confronted with high demands in their daily work. The job satisfaction can be affected negatively, if these professionals do not have the necessary resources to carry out their work.

Objectives

In a study as part of the accompanying research of an online course called “Trauma informed Care”, the connection between the personal resources action competence, emotional competence, self-efficacy and self-care and job satisfaction were investigated on a sample of N = 543 professionals working in the (inpatient) care of children and adolescents.

Methods

In order to quantify the connections between the personal resources action competence, emotional competence, self-efficacy and self-care and job satisfaction, correlations and a multiple regression were calculated.

Results

Moderate to strong correlations were identified between personal resources and job satisfaction among the professionals. The regression model revealed self-efficacy to be the most important predictor of job satisfaction. Self-care was also identified as an important predictor. Less importance could be ascribed to emotional competence. Action competence showed no effects in the regression model.

Conclusions

The results indicate the importance of personal resources for job satisfaction an their targeted promotion in order to increase job satisfaction and thus counteract the tendency of fluctuation and shortage of professionals in the area of child and youth welfare.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Reviewing Evidence for the Usefulness of Family Interventions for Depression During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Keitner G.
Published: September 2022

There has been a significant increase in the incidence of depression in countries around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identified concerns include: loss of family members, fear of gettin sick, finances, decreased social connections, deteriorating relationships at home and decreased ability to practise previously helpful coping skills. Family/couples intevrentions alone or in combination with individual therapy and/or pharmacotherapy have been shown to be helpful in diminishing symptoms of depression and in improving family functioning. This presentation will review evidence examining the effctiveness of family/couples therapy in treating adults with depression and outline therapy processes that have been shown to be effective.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
COVID-19-related information sources and anxiety levels
Authors: Ionescu T. , Tudose C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Timely and accurate information is foundational to moderating and curing the COVID-19 for both the public and the scientific community, while repeated media exposure to crisis-related information raises stress and anxiety among general population.

Objectives

The main goal of the current study was to evaluate the associations between the COVID-19-related information sources and anxiety levels.

Methods

An online web-survey recruited participants who were ≥18 years old and lived in Romanian through an online campaign in May 2021. Participants were asked whether they received COVID-19-related information frequently from the following sources: the Internet, traditional media, medical staff in health care settings or from friends, co-workers, or family members. We also assessed participants’ level of anxiety with Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the cut-off point for anxiety index was set at 45. The associations of each information source with anxiety were examined using multiple regression analyses to control for sex, age, education and other demographic characteristics.

Results

In total, the data of 1559 respondents (1224 female; mean age = 37.03 years and standard deviation (SD)=12.90 years) were analysed. The mean index score for SAS were 44.28 (SD=10.6). The major source of information on COVID-19 was the Internet (59.20%) and medical stuff (58.27%), almost in equal measure, followed by traditional media (48.17%) and friends, co-workers, and family members (30.72%).

Conclusions

Receiving COVID-19 information from the Internet and traditional media was positively correlated with anxiety level (p=0.01), while receiving COVID-19 information from medical-stuff was associated with low levels of anxiety (p=0.03).

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Modeling of affective-negative content in the course of schizophrenia
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Kolyago O.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The world literature presents ambiguous results regarding the conjugation of negative and depressive syndromes, due to an incomplete understanding of the main symptoms of depression in schizophrenia.

Objectives

To analyze the variants of the conjugation of depressive and negative symptoms at different stages of schizophrenia.

Methods

We used the data of our own observations (238 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and no more than 5 years of experience of the disease) and compared them with the previously published results of studies. As a hypothesis, we analyze the variants of the conjugacy of affect and the negative domain within the framework of a single discrete field of schizophrenia.

Results

The analysis shows that with the apparent heterogeneity of the psychopathological structure, some depressive features, such as apathy, anhedonia and social autism (characteristic of negative symptoms), tend to the abulia factor, whereas low mood, suicidal thoughts, pessimism, show affinity for the cluster of impoverishment of expression, that is, they represent an attenuated type of negative symptoms tending to the affective spectrum.

Conclusions

The conjugacy of depressive and negative disorders in schizophrenia, taking into account their phenomenological similarity, allows us to formulate a hypothesis about their existence within the framework of a single continuum model. The proposed continuum model can be used to understand the processes underlying pathogenesis and formulate the principles of personalized treatment and can be used as a starting point for research on the underlying biological processes and personalized treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
EEG correlates of impaired anticipation processes in the early stages of schizophrenia
Authors: Slavutskaya M. , Lebedeva I. , Omelchenko M. , Abdullina E. , Karelin S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

An impairment of anticipation processes is considered as a common deficiency in schizophrenia (Kveraga et al., 2007), however its neural mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to analyze CNV-like slow negative waves during the pre-target stimuli waiting period in patients with the first episode of the disease.

Methods

32-channels EEGs during “Go / No go delay” saccadic paradigm have been recorded in 16 young male patients with illness duration less than 2 years and 18 age and sex matched healthy subjects. The delay period between fixation and target (“Go” or “No go”) visual stimulus was 2800-3000 ms. The early and late components of CNV - like slow negative waves (PMN1 and 2) have been studied in 1 sec pre-stimulus interval of delay period.

Results

As compared to norm, the patients showed significantly increased latencies of saccades to correctly discriminated stimuli and higher percent of “errors saccades”. The amplitudes of No go-PMN1 and Go-PMN2 waves were also increased in patients. The amplitude foci of these waves were diffusely distributed in patients and mostly localized in frontal leads in norm.

Conclusions

The findings assume some violation of anticipation for action (motor or inhibitory response) processes as well as an increase of presumably cortical activation during stimulus anticipation in the “Go/No go delay” saccadic paradigm in the early stage of schizophrenia.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Pilot study of an online intervention for young people with a first psychotic episode: Thinkapp
Authors: Morales-Pillado C. , Sanchez-Gutierrez T. , Barbeito S. , Mayoral M. , Arango C. , Leon L. , Ibañez A. , Rico J. , Calvo A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Online interventions can be a complement to maintain the long-term effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) that have already demonstrated their efficacy in the short and medium term (Calvo et al., 2015).

Objectives

To test the effectiveness of a mobile app–based intervention (Thinkapp) to improve quality of life, functioning and symptomatology, and reduce days of admission and hospitalizations, in young people with FEP.

Methods

Fourteen patients with FEP, aged 14–30, recruited from Gregorio Marañón Hospital, Ramón y Cajal Hospital and AMAFE Foundation in Madrid (Spain) received treatment as usual plus a psychoeducational intervention through a mobile app. Changes in dependent variables over the course of the intervention were assessed by means of a battery of clinical tests at baseline, 3-month and 6-month follow-up using a Wilcoxon test.

Results

Of the fourteen patients included, 7 patients completed the 6-month follow-up and 8 completed the 3-month follow-up. There were significant differences in days of admission (p = 0.042) between baseline and 6-month follow-up. No significant results were observed in other clinical variables.

Conclusions

The study provides preliminary data potentially related to the reduction of days of admissions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Schizophreniform disorder related hospitalizations – a Big Data analysis of a national hospitalization database
Authors: Pinho M. , Freitas A. , Ribeiro J.P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Patients with schizophreniform disorder(SD) and schizophrenia present similar symptoms, however, SD has a shorter duration, varying between at least 1 month and 6 months.

Objectives

To describe and analyse Schizophreniform disorder related hospitalizations in a national hospitalization database.

Methods

We performed a retrospective observational study using a nationwide hospitalization database containing all hospitalizations registered in Portuguese public hospitals from 2008 to 2015. Hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of schizophreniform diso72.1-der were selected based on International Classification of Diseases version 9, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code of diagnosis 295.4x. Birth date, sex, residence address, primary and secondary diagnoses, admission date, discharge date, length of stay (LoS), discharge status, and hospital charges were obtained. Comorbidities were analysed using the Charlson Index Score. Independent Sample T tests were performed to assess differences in continuous variables with a normal distribution and Mann-Whitney-U tests when no normal distribution was registered.

Results

In Portuguese public hospitals, a total of 594 hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of Schizophreniform disorder were registered during the 8-year study period. Most were associated to the male sex patients, 72.1% (n=428). The mean age at admission was 35.99 years and differed significantly between sexes (males - 34.44; females- 40.19; p<0.001). The median LoS was 17.00 days and the in-hospital mortality was 0.5% (n=3). Only 6.1% (n=36) of the hospitalization episodes had 1 or more registered comorbidities.

Conclusions

Hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of Schizophreniform disorder occur more frequently in young male patients. This is the first nationwide study analysing all hospitalization episodes in Portugal.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Art therapy and psychosis – experiences from the University psychiatric hospital „Sveti Ivan“
Authors: Barun I. , Vuk Pisk S. , Šago D. , Zadravec T. , Filipcic I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The language of visual arts speaks to us in a way that words cannot. Acknowledging the therapeutic effects of artistic expression, art therapy – a psychotherapeutic approach that integrates expressive characteristics of art and explorative characteristics of psychotherapy – has developed. From its beginnings, it has been used with people with psychotic disorders and is enlisted in NICE guidelines as psychological therapy for psychosis and schizophrenia.

Objectives

To understand and to activate the potential of artistic expression in people with psychotic disorders treated on acute ward, in day hospitals and as a form of long-term therapy in the Patients club of the University psychiatric hospital „Sveti Ivan“.

Methods

Art therapy programme is conducted separately on acute ward (Ward for integrative psychiatry), day hospitals (Day hospital for integrative psychiatry and Day hospital for psychotic disorders) and in the Patients club with patients with psychotic disorders. The workshops are adjusted for people with psychotic disorders to enable them to strengthen their sense of self, to empower them and to express their authentic feelings in a safe environment.

Results

The artwork of people who have taken part in the art therapy programmes for psychosis of the University psychiatric hospital „Sveti Ivan“ will be presented and will serve as an example of an art therapy process, therapeutic goals, as well as the significance of this method for psychotic disorders.

Conclusions

Art therapy can be of great benefit for people with psychosis both on acute wards and as a long-term therapy.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Physical pain-suicidality association in all ages: a complete and updated meta-analysis
Authors: Rignanese M. , Salmè E. , De Filippi M. , Madeddu F. , De Prisco M. , Fornaro M. , Calati R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

This work represents the continuation of the studies presented in two e-posters during the EPA 2021 conference (De Filippi et al., 2021; Rignanese et al., 2021), which addressed the physical pain-suicidality association (k=44 studies).

Objectives

The aim of this meta-analysis is to provide an update of those studies, integrating data relating to adolescents, adults, and olders.

Methods

We started with the analysis of three papers, in particular a meta-analysis (Calati et al., 2015) and two systematic reviews (Hinze et al., 2019; Santos et al., 2019). After searching on Pubmed (until September 2020), data were extracted from articles comparing the rates of current and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviours (death wish, suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, suicide attempt and suicide death: DW, SI, SP, SA, and SD) in adolescents, adults, and olders with any type of physical pain and in individuals who did not report this condition. Data were analysed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 2.

Results

67 studies were included, of which 16 on adolescents, 29 on adults, 16 on olders, and 6 on mixed ages. Although quite high between-study heterogeneity was detected in most analyses, results suggested that individuals with physical pain are more likely to report any form of suicidal outcome if compared to those not affected by pain.

Conclusions

Collected data are therefore in line with previous literature on this topic, which considered physical pain an extremely predictive risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviours. However, further research on this topic would be extremely useful.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.