bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive increase in CO2 release by drying-rewetting cycles among Japanese forests and pastureland soils and exploring predictors of increasing magnitude
Authors: Suzuki Yuri , Hiradate Syuntaro , Koarashi Jun , Atarashi-Andoh Mariko , Yomogida Takumi , Kanda Yuki , Nagano Hirohiko
Published: April 2024

Abstract. It is still difficult to precisely quantify and predict the effects of drying-rewetting cycles (DWCs) on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) release due to the paucity of studies using constant moisture conditions equivalent to the mean water content during DWC incubation. The present study was performed to evaluate overall trends in the effects of DWCs on CO2 release and to explore environmental and soil predictors for variations in the effect size in 10 Japanese forests and pastureland soils variously affected by volcanic ash during their pedogenesis. Over an 84-day incubation period including three DWCs, CO2 release was 1.3- to 3.7-fold greater than under continuous constant moisture conditions (p < 0.05) with the same mean water content as in the DWC incubations. Analysis of the relations between this increasing magnitude of CO2 release by DWCs (IFCO2) and various environmental and soil properties revealed significant positive correlations between IFCO2 and soil organometal complex contents (p < 0.05), especially pyrophosphate extractable aluminum (Alp) content (r = 0.74). Molar ratios of soil total carbon (C) and pyrophosphate-extractable C (Cp) to Alp contents and soil carbon content-specific CO2 release rate under continuous constant moisture conditions (qCO2_soc) were also correlated with IFCO2 (p < 0.05). The covariations among Alp, total C, and Cp to Alp molar ratios and qCO2_soc suggested Alp as the primary predictor of IFCO2. Whereas soil microbial biomass C and nitrogen (N) levels were significantly lower in DWCs than under continuous constant moisture conditions, there was no significant relation between the microbial biomass decrease and IFCO2. The present study showed a comprehensive increase in soil CO2 release by DWC in Japanese forests and pastureland soils, suggesting that Alp is a predictor of the effect size likely due to vulnerability of organo-Al complexes to DWC.
Spreading and mixing of hydrogen in heterogeneous porous media
Authors: Fernandez Visentini Alejandro , Cueto-Felgueroso Luis , Hidalgo Juan Jose , Dentz Marco
Published: April 2024

The efficiency of hydrogen storage and recovery cycles largely depends on how the fluid spreads as it is injected in the reservoir, and how well it mixes with the in-situ fluids. Spreading leads to the stretching of the fluid front and to the creation of chemical concentration gradients, whereas mixing is driven by the existence of such gradients and it tends to erase them by molecular diffusion. Spreading is caused by spatial heterogeneity in the gas flow velocity, which in turn depends on the spatial distribution of the host rock permeability, the latter exhibiting orders of magnitude variation over a wide range of spatial scales. Quantification of the impact of permeability heterogeneity on the spreading and mixing behaviour of gases can help to better predict the outcome of hydrogen production cycles, but it has not been systematically studied to date in the context of underground hydrogen storage. Further, the dependence on pressure and chemical composition of the hydrodynamic properties of gases, namely, viscosity, density and compressibility, leads to a non-linear relationship between spreading and mixing of hydrogen and permeability that requires detailed numerical modelling. Here, we investigate the dependence of standard spreading and mixing measures on the hydrodynamic parameters of evolving mixtures of hydrogen and other fluids (e.g., cushion gases, water) for different permeability models. We simulate isothermal hydrogen injection and extraction for different permeability models, imposed pressure gradients and regimes of flow stability (e.g., viscous and gravitational). We consider different test cases where invading and residing fluids go from mildly- to highly-contrasting hydrodynamic properties. The considered spectrum of spreading and mixing behaviours for given permeability models helps to develop uncertainty measures and analytical models. We perform the modelling using open-source Matlab Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST).
 
Refactoring the EVP solver for improved performance – a case study based on CICE v6.5
Authors: Rasmussen Till Andreas Soya , Poulsen Jacob , Ribergaard Mads Hvid , Sasanka Ruchira , Craig Anthony P. , Hunke Elizabeth Clare , Rethmeier Stefan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This study focuses on the performance of CICE and its Elastic-Viscous-Plastic (EVP) dynamical solver. The study has been conducted in two steps. First, the standard EVP solver has been extracted from CICE for experiments with refactored versions of it. Secondly, one refactored version was integrated and tested as part of the full model. Two dominant bottlenecks were revealed. The first is the number of MPI and OpenMP synchronization points required for halo exchanges during each time-step combined with the irregular domain of active sea ice points. The second is the lack of Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) code generation. The study refactors the standard EVP solver based on two generic patterns. The first pattern exposes how general finite-differences on masked multi-dimensional arrays can be expressed in order to produce significantly better code generation. The primary change is that the memory access pattern is changed from random access to direct access. The second pattern exposes an alternative approach to handle static grid properties. The measured single core improvement is increased by more than a factor of five compared to the standard implementation. The refactored implementation strong scales on the Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processor Series node until the available bandwidth of the node is used. For the Intel® Xeon® CPU Max Series Series there is sufficient bandwidth to allow the strong scaling to continue for all the cores on the node resulting in a single node improvement factor of 35 over the standard implementation. This study also show improved performance on GPU processors.
The Modular and Integrated Data Assimilation System at Environment and Climate Change Canada (MIDAS v3.9.1)
Authors: Buehner Mark , Caron Jean-Francois , Lapalme Ervig , Caya Alain , Du Ping , Rochon Yves , Skachko Sergey , Bani Shahabadi Maziar , Heilliette Sylvain , Deshaies-Jacques Martin , Chang Weiguang , Sitwell Michael
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Modular and Integrated Data Assimilation System (MIDAS) software (version 3.9.1) is described in terms of its range of functionality, modular software design, parallelization strategy, and current uses within real-time operational and experimental systems. MIDAS is developed at Environment and Climate Change Canada for both operational and research applications, including all atmospheric data assimilation (DA) elements of the numerical weather prediction systems. The software is designed to be sufficiently general to enable other DA applications, including atmospheric constituents (e.g. ozone), sea ice, and sea surface temperature. In addition to describing the current MIDAS applications, a sample of the results from these systems is presented to demonstrate their performance in comparison with either systems from before the switch to using MIDAS software or similar systems at other NWP centres. The modular software design also allows the code that implements high-level components (e.g. observation operators, error covariance matrices, state vectors) to easily be used in many different ways depending on the application, such as for both variational and ensemble DA algorithms; for estimating the observation impact on short-term forecasts; and for performing various observation pre-processing procedures. The use of a single common DA software for multiple components of the Earth system provides both practical and scientific benefits, including the facilitation of future research on DA approaches that explicitly include the coupled connections between multiple Earth system components. To this end, work is currently underway to allow the use of MIDAS DA algorithms for initializing both deterministic and ensemble three-dimensional ocean model forecasts.
Lipid removal in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using spatial prior knowledge
Authors: de Graaf Robin A. , Liu Yanning , Corbin Zachary A. , De Feyter Henk M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a novel method to generate spatial maps depicting dynamic metabolism of deuterated substrates, such as [6,6′-2H2]-glucose, and their metabolic products, like 2H-lactate. While DMI acquisition methods are simple and robust, DMI processing still requires expert user interaction, e.g., in the removal of extracranial natural abundance 2H lipid signals that interfere with metabolism-linked 2H-lactate formation. Here we pursue the use of MRI-based spatial prior knowledge on brain and non-brain/skull locations to provide robust and objective lipid removal. Magnetic field heterogeneity was accounted for using DMI-derived surrogate B0 and B1 maps, as well as through subdivision of the skull region into smaller compartments. Adequate lipid removal with an average suppression of 90.5 ± 11.4 % is achieved on human brain in vivo without perturbation of the metabolic profile in brain voxels, thereby allowing for the generation of distinct and reliable metabolic maps for patients with brain tumors.
Coupling WRF with HEC-HMS and WRF-Hydro for flood forecasting in typical mountainous catchments of northern China
Authors: Jam-Jalloh Sheik Umar , Liu Jia , Wang Yicheng , Liu Yuchen
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The atmospheric-hydrological coupling systems are essential in flood forecasting because they allow for more improved and comprehensive prediction of flood events with an extended forecast lead time. Achieving this goal relies on a reliable hydrological model system that enhances both rainfall predictions and hydrological forecasts. This study evaluated the potential of coupling the mesoscale numerical weather prediction model, i.e., the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model, with different hydrological modeling systems to improve the accuracy of flood simulation. The fully-distributed WRF-Hydro and a simi-distributed Hydrological Engineering Center-Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) modeling systems were coupled with the WRF model, and the lumped HEC-HMS model was also adopted using the observed gauge precipitation as a benchmark to test the model uncertainty. Four distinct storm events from two mountainous catchments in northern China, characterized by varying spatial and temporal rainfall patterns were selected as case studies. Comparative analyses of the simulated flooding processes were carried out to evaluate and compare the performances of the coupled systems with different complexities. The coupled WRF/HEC-HMS system performed better for long-duration storm events and obtained optimal performance for storm events uniformly distributed both temporally and spatially, as it adapted to more rapid recession processes of floods. However, the coupled WRF/HEC-HMS system did not adequately capture the magnitude of the storm events as it had a larger flow peak error. On the other hand, the fully distributed WRF/WRF-Hydro system performed better for shorter-duration floods with higher flow peaks as it can adapt to the simulation of flash floods. However, the performance of the system became poor as uniformity decreased. The performance of the lumped HEC-HMS indicates some source of uncertainty in the hydrological model when compared with the coupled WRF/HEC-HMS, but a larger magnitude error was found in the WRF output rainfall. The results of this study can help establish an adaptive atmospheric-hydrologic coupling system to improve flood forecasting for different watersheds and climatic characteristics.
Using Icepack to reproduce ice mass balance buoy observations in landfast ice: improvements from the mushy-layer thermodynamics
Authors: Plante Mathieu , Lemieux Jean-François , Tremblay L. Bruno , Tivy Adrienne , Angnatok Joey , Roy François , Smith Gregory , Dupont Frédéric , Turner Adrian K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Icepack (v1.1.0) – the column thermodynamics model of the Community Ice CodE (CICE) version 6 – is used to assess how changing the thermodynamics from the Bitz and Lipscomb (1999) physics (hereafter BL99) to the mushy-layer physics impacts the model performance in reproducing in situ landfast ice observations from two ice mass balance (IMB) buoys co-deployed in the landfast ice close to Nain (Labrador) in February 2017. To this end, a new automated surface retrieval algorithm is used to determine the in situ ice thickness, snow depth, basal ice congelation and snow-ice formation from the measured vertical temperature profiles. Icepack simulations are run to reproduce these observations using each thermodynamics scheme, with a particular interest in how the different physics influence the representation of snow-ice formation and ice congelation. Results show that the BL99 parameterization represents well the ice congelation but underrepresents the snow-ice contribution to the ice mass balance. In particular, defining snow-ice formation based on the hydrostatic balance alone does not reproduce the negative freeboards observed for several days in the IMB observations, resulting in an earlier snow-flooding onset, a positive ice thickness bias and reduced snow depth variations. We find that the mushy-layer thermodynamics with default parameters significantly degrades the model performance, overestimating both the congelation growth and snow-ice formation. The simulated thermodynamics response to flooding, however, better represents the observations, and the best results are obtained when allowing for negative freeboards in the mushy-layer physics. We find that the mushy-layer thermodynamics produces a larger variability in congelation rates at the ice bottom interface, alternating between periods of exceedingly fast growth and periods of unrealistic basal melt. This pattern is related to persistent brine dilution in the lowest ice layer by the congelation and brine drainage parameterizations. We also show that the mushy-layer congelation parameterization produces significant frazil formation, which is not expected in a landfast ice context. This behavior is attributed to the congelation parameterization not fully accounting for the conductive heat flux imbalance at the ice–ocean boundary. We propose a modification of the mushy-layer congelation scheme that largely reduces the frazil formation and allows for better tuning of the congelation rates to match the observations. Our results demonstrate that the mushy-layer physics and its parameters can be tuned to closely match the in situ observations, although more observations are needed to better constrain them.
Comparison between Waterproofing Sheets Membrane and Polyurea Waterproofing Coating Methods
Authors:   Mechanical Engineer in the Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Specialized trainer member in the Instate of Civil Structural Training, Kuwait, Alnkhailan Tareq , Alfadhli Ali ,   MBA Certified Civil Engineer Projects Manager at Badael Modern Materials Company, Kuwait
Published: April 2024

This research aims to compare between Waterproofing Sheets Membrane and Polyurea Waterproofing Coating Methods, and know the waterproofing methods applying time, cost, weight, materials durability, and the waterproofing methods materials fire resistance properties. The research used qualitative analysis techniques to compare the two waterproofing methods objectively, Through lab testing, researchers found that: the polyurea waterproofing coating method usually takes between 1 to 2 working days to apply while the traditional sheet membrane waterproofing method takes between 5 to 7 working days applying time, and the polyurea waterproofing coating method can be more expensive than the traditional waterproofing sheet membranes method. Applying polyurea requires specialized equipment and trained personnel for proper handling and application, Both methods' materials weight are considered relatively light but the polyurea coating method materials are lighter, the polyurea waterproofing coating system lasts up to 30 years. Rather than the traditional system which durability is up to 20 years, the polyurea waterproofing coating system is considered a good fire resistance system rather than traditional sheet membrane system. It is recommended to clean and clear the surface before the commence of the waterproofing process. and the surface needs to be tested for at least 3 full days to confirm that the waterproofing system was applied successfully and without missing any openings.
True Confessions of Neutral Mechanical Disciple—How I Learned to Love a Patient-Specific Target
Authors:   Stryker Corporation, Mahwah, New Jersey, Willems Nathalie , Marchand Kevin B. ,   Northwell Health Orthopedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York, Esposito Christina ,   Stryker Corporation, Mahwah, New Jersey, De Massari Daniele ,   Stryker Corporation, Mahwah, New Jersey, Hameed Daniel ,   LifeBridge Health, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Baltimore, Maryland, Clark Gavin ,   University of Western Australia, Medical School, Crawley, Australia, Marchand Robert ,   Orthopedics Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, Mont Michael A. ,   LifeBridge Health, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Baltimore, Maryland, Dunbar Michael ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Classical neutral mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been a standard paradigm, while more recently, other alignment schemas, such as kinematic, individualized, and functional, have been explored. This study aimed to investigate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT)-based surgical robotics inputs on a classically trained surgeon’s TKA component positions and alignment targets over time. Materials and Methods: Data from 1,394 consecutive robotically-assisted TKAs by a single surgeon from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed. Metrics collected included pre-balance planned implant component positions, final planned implant component positions after soft tissue balancing, and constitutional alignment from CT scans. Joint line obliquity was plotted against the arithmetic hip-knee angle (aHKA) using coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK). Three categories of alignment strategy were defined: true mechanical alignment (tMA), adjusted mechanical alignment (aMA), and no mechanical alignment (noMA). Results: A shift to overall varus component positioning was observed over the years. Joint line obliquity according to CPAK showed a wider spread in later years, and the distribution of tibial and femoral coronal alignment angles expanded over time. Conclusion: The study revealed a change in alignment targets and final positioning of components away from neutral biomechanical axes in a large volume of TKAs by a single, classically trained surgeon over five years of using a robotic arm-assisted TKA system with CT-based planning. The most dominant factor for this change was the use of 3D CT planning, allowing the surgeon to assess patient-specific anatomy and plan accordingly. Outcome data is needed to determine if this change in behavior and surgical technique was beneficial. In summary, using a CT scan-based robotically assisted technique led to a gradual and complete shift from tMA to predominantly a non-mechanically aligned philosophy in TKA.
Особенности строения бассейнов и гидрологического режима рек Северо-Черноморского сектора
Authors: Нагалевский Эдуард Юрьевич , Голубятникова Екатерина Вячеславовна
Published: April 2024

В статье рассмотрены морфометрические и гидрологические характеристики бассейнов рек Анапского района Краснодарского края, которые относятся к Северо-Черноморскому гидрологическому сектору. Выполнено описание физико-географических условий протекания рассматриваемых рек. Собраны подробные статистические данные морфометрических (например, длина и ширина бассейна, площадь водосбора, степень извилистости и разработанности русла, коэффициент густоты речной сети) и гидрологических показателей (расход воды, водный, ледовый и уровневый режимы, скорость течения, глубина). Систематизированы данные об антропогенной нагрузке на бассейны и выявлена степень их загрязнения. Предложены меры для улучшения качества водных ресурсов Анапского района.
Идейно-теоретические предпосылки антропологии ненасилия в раннем исламе
Authors: Резник Сергей Васильевич , Жилина Маргарита Александровна , Резник Никита Сергеевич
Published: April 2024

На основе изучения вероучительных первоисточников ислама (Корана и Сунны), трудов средневековых исламских богословов авторами рассмотрены идейно-теоретические предпосылки антропологии ненасилия в раннем исламе, определены его особенности, основные источники. С опирой на антропологическую концепцию Т. Асада намечены методологические подходы к исследованию идеологии и практики ненасильственных религиозно-реформаторских движений ислама. Сделан вывод о том, что принцип ненасилия заложен в коранической антропологии и основан на положениях о безгрешной природе человека и божественном доверии к человеку; не является пассивным подчинением воле агрессора, но основан на активном неприятии агрессии и несправедливости и сопротивлении им. Такое понимание ненасилия вполне совместимо с кораническими нормами. Теология классического ислама не предъявляла требований безоговорочного соблюдения принципа ненасилия, но ограничивала насилие жесткими рамками мусульманского права.
Мифологический хронотоп и архетипы повседневности
Authors: Селюков Сергей Александрович
Published: April 2024

Цель исследования ‒ представить философско-культурологический анализ понятия «мифологический хронотоп», рассматриваемого в классических трудах М. Элиаде, Е.М. Мелетинского, В.Н. Топорова, прояснить его связь с теорией архетипов К.-Г. Юнга а также развить некоторые их положения применительно к современным условиям. Ориентация на использование сравнительной, сравнительно-исторической, системной и герменевтической научной методологии позволяет проследить значимые элементы сходства и различия в интерпретации понятия «архетип» в теоретических построениях М. Элиаде и К.-Г. Юнга. Обоснована необходимость выделения в современных условиях такой категории архетипических образов, как «архетипы повседневности», и конкретных их кластеров (дом, семья, работа, отношения, здоровье, досуг, быт и др.).
Planning Tools for Decentralized Heat Supply: Modeling the Effects of Volatile Renewable Energies
Authors: Boß Vera , Felsmann Clemens , Narusavicius Bogdan , Rühling Karin
Published: April 2024

An increasing share of decentralized feed-in is necessary for the transition of district heating networks but it comes with various challenges. Software tools for modelling, simulation and optimization allow a theoretical examination of those challenges and possible solutions. Some of these have been used and further developed in the research project ZellFlex. One selected examination is the flexibility of supply temperatures by varying setpoint temperatures for a decentral solar thermal system (500 m²) integrated into an existing district heating network. The analysis of the supply temperature distribution in the network showed: A decrease of the solar thermal feed-in set point temperature by 5 K compared to the supply temperature of the central heat producer seemed acceptable in terms of security of supply, while a 10 K reduction comes with a high risk of undersupply. Furthermore, it was discovered that the points of time with the lowest supply temperatures at the consumers were just before and after they were provided with solar heat due to specific effects concerning temperature loss of the fluid.
Monitoring and Evaluation of Thermosyphon and PV Hot Water Systems Under the Same Operating Conditions in a Side-By-Side Experimental Setup
Authors: Shigwedha Joseph , Shidhika Fenni , Ileka Helvi , Tschopp Daniel , Moschik Rudolf , Paulus Penti
Published: April 2024

Renewable heating and cooling are the primary focus of the Southern African Renewable Heating and Cooling Training and Demonstration Initiative in creating capacity pertaining to this subject. This emphasis is aligned with the United Nation’s 2030 Agenda, which seeks for carbon-neutrality by the year 2030. To address thermal needs on small-scale, thermosiphons systems using evacuated tube collectors, flat-plate collectors, and photovoltaic to heat systems are frequently used. For a scale-up application of these technologies, and for accelerated achievement of carbon-neutrality, a cost-effective technology must be prioritised in various areas of the world with different meteorological conditions. This study therefore intends to establish the technical performance and the cost-effectiveness of these technologies in Namibia’s environment whilst replicating a small-scale house daily hot water demand.
A Study on Causes and Solutions of Subjective Fatigue and Stress of Construction Workers by Gender - Delphi-AHP survey -
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Park So Mee , Park Jong Yong , Park Jin Woo
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Fatigue and stress are known to affect the safety of workers, and female workers are particularly vulnerable to fatigue and stress. In the construction industry, it is known construction workers are more tired and stressed than other industries for various reasons. In addition, the number of female workers has recently increased at construction sites. Accordingly, we tried to find the causes and solutions of subjective fatigue and stress according to gender of construction workers.
Method: The causes, symptoms, and solutions of fatigue and stress felt by male and female workers in the construction industry were investigated using the Delphi-AHP technique. Delphi 1st found various causes, symptoms, and solutions of subjective fatigue and stress felt by construction workers through the open questionnaire. By summarizing these results, the Delphi 2nd closed questionnaire was developed and repeatedly questioned. In addition, the AHP technique was used to understand the reliability and relative priorities of the survey results.
Results: The causes of fatigue and stress according to gender were different, and female workers responded sensitively to fatigue. In addition, among the causes of fatigue and stress, female workers showed higher conflict with colleagues than male workers. The evaluation of the effects of fatigue and stress on safety was found to be the same regardless of gender, but female workers responded that fatigue had a greater impact on safety than male workers.
Conclusion: Female workers in the construction industry were found to be more vulnerable to fatigue and stress than male workers, and in particular, conflicts with colleagues related to human relationships were higher than those of men, so management of this is considered necessary for safety.
Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Keluarga untuk Mengatasi Toxic Relationship di Kalangan Mahasiswa IAKN Kupang
Authors: Lahtang Laharoi Elisabeth , Saefatu Meyrlin
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui peran pendidikan agama Kristen dalam keluarga guna mengatasi toxic relationship di kalangan Mahasiswa Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Kupang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif melalui wawancara dan observasi. Toxic relationship merupakan suatu tindakan dari teman yang sifatnya beracun pada rekannya secara emosional dan terkadang merusak mereka secara fisik. Oknum toxic relationship umumnya merupakan seseorang yang sifatnya negatif. Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam keluarga adalah sebagai pembentuk karakter Kristen bagi anggota keluarga dan sekaligus merupakan landasan utama keluarga Kristen. Ketika seorang bertumbuh dan berkembang dalam keluarga Kristen yang taat, maka ia bertumbuh menjadi pribadi yang berbeda dari lingkungannya. Untuk itulah peran pendidikan agama Kristen menjadi salah satu cara terbaik dalam mengatasi toxic relationship yang telah menjadi sebuah kebiasaan anak-anak muda saat ini.
Governing Landscape Simplification in Rapid Commercialization Contexts – the Case of the Dike-Pond System in the Pearl River Delta, China
Authors: Chi Wenxiu , Plieninger Tobias , Lin Guangsi , Chowdhury Koushik
Published: April 2024

In the last decades, rapid agricultural commercialization has led to landscape simplification, posing threats to the social and ecological values of agroecosystems worldwide. This paper draws upon the landscape commons concept, advocating for an institutional perspective to comprehensively understand the local governance concerning landscape simplification. We contributed to commons research by expanding the scope into holistic and multifunctional landscape systems, and particularly concentrate on pond landscapes. We select the case of a dike-pond system in the Pearl River Delta, China, to scrutinize the local institutional arrangements and their interplay with landscape simplification. This study utilizes the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework in conjunction with Ostrom’s Design Principles (DPs). Findings from the study reveal that an emphasis on ponds exhibiting comparative profit advantages over dikes and rivers, coupled with a preference for intensive fish production in collective decision-making, has resulted in land cover simplification and erosion of the system’s multifunctionality. To address this issue, we recommend considering multiple biophysical elements and functions in the governance of landscape commons while identifying avenues to reinforce local institutions, in alignment with Ostrom’s DPs.
EDİRNE VE ÇEVRESİNDE YAŞANAN YUNAN MEZALİMİ (1919-1922)
Authors: Yılmaz İlay
Published: April 2024

Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonucunda imzalanan Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması’yla Osmanlı Devleti’nin toprakları işgale açık hale geldi. İtilaf Devletleri ateşkes antlaşmasının maddelerine dayanarak Osmanlı topraklarını işgal etmeye başladı. İşgal edilen yerler içerisinde Edirne ve çevresi de bulunmaktaydı. Bölgeyi işgal eden Yunanlar Osmanlı Devleti’nde yaşayan yerli Rumları kışkırtmış ve onlardan Rum çeteler oluşturmuştur. Bu çeteler Yunanistan’dan gelen Yunan askerleriyle beraber Edirne ve çevresinde gece ve gündüz katliam, gasp, hırsızlık, yaralama, baskın, tutuklama, sürgün, işkence vs. gibi birçok mezalimde bulunmuştur. Sadece Türk ve Müslümanlar değil Rumlar da bu mezalimde zarar görmüştür. Sivillerle beraber görev başındaki kamu görevlileri ile emniyet güçleri de mezalime uğramıştır. Kadın, erkek, yaşlı ve genç herkes Yunanların hedefi olmuştur. Tüm yaşananlar, Yunanların bölgede Türklerin Rumları katlettiği ve Rumların nüfusun çoğunluğunu oluşturduğu yönündeki iddialarının gerçeği yansıtmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Yunanlar, İtilaf Devletleri’nden gördükleri destek sayesinde Edirne ve çevresindeki tüm faaliyetlerini planlı ve sistematik bir şekilde gerçekleştirmiştir. Mondros’un kısıtlamalarına rağmen jandarma bölgede yaşanan olayları titizlikle araştırmış ve asayişi yeniden tesis etmeye çalışmıştır. Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması sonrasında Yunan mezaliminin yaşandığı yerler arasında Edirne ve çevresi de bulunmasına rağmen yapılan akademik çalışmalar Batı Anadolu ve Batı Trakya üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Literatürde yeterince yer bulamayan bu durum, çalışmanın kaleme alınmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Çünkü Edirne ve çevresinde Yunan mezaliminde yaşananlar ortaya çıkarılmadan kalmıştır. Bu çalışma ile Batı Anadolu ve Batı Trakya’da yaşanan mezalimin aynısının Edirne ve
çevresinde de yaşandığını ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu maksatla Osmanlı Arşivinde tarama yapılmıştır. Bulunan çok sayıda belge doküman analizi tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Edirne ve çevresinde yaşanan bazı olaylara yer verilerek mezalimin boyutu ortaya konmuştur.
ROMA GENOCIDE AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE EXTERMINATION OF THE POPULATION OF THE VILLAGE OF ALEXANDROVSKOYE, SMOLENSK REGION
Authors: Занько Е.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье исследуются цели и методы истребительной политики Третьего рейха в отношении цыганского населения СССР на примере уничтожения цыганского населения деревни Александровское Новодугинского района Смоленской области.

The article examines the goals and methods of the extermination policy of the Third Reich against the Roma population of the USSR, using the example of the extermination of the Roma population of the village of Aleksandrovskoye in Novoduginsky District of Smolensk region.
MODERN SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS “HISTORY OF UKRAINE” AS A TOOL OF INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
Authors: Турянская О.Ф.
Published: April 2024

В статье анализируется проблема интерпретации истории в условиях доминирования националистической идеологии. Показано, что на Украине школьный курс истории является инструментом ведения информационно-психологической войны. Главной целью при этом является формирование националистического сознания обучающихся. В качестве примеров приводятся факты фальсификации авторами школьных учебников истории Великой Отечественной войны.

The article analyzes the problem of interpreting history in the conditions of the dominance of nationalist ideology. It is shown that in Ukraine, the school history course is a tool for conducting information and psychological warfare. The main goal in this case is the formation of the nationalist consciousness of students. As examples, the facts of falsification by the authors of school textbooks on the history of the Great Patriotic War are given.
CONCENTRATION CAMPS OF THE NAZI REGIME ON THE OCCUPIED TERRITORY OF BELARUS (BSSR) IN 1941–1944
Authors: Атрушкевич М.М. , Цобкало А.А.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена изучению деятельности концентрационных лагерей фашистской Германии на оккупированной территории Беларуси (БССР) в 1941–1944 гг. В ней идет речь об особенностях функционирования концентранционных лагерей фашистской Германии на территории Беларуси в данный период. Авторы статьи раскрывают основные злодеяния фашистского режима в БССР в 1941–1944 гг.

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of concentration camps of Nazi Germany in the occupied territory of Belarus (BSSR) in 1941–1944. It deals with the features of the functioning of the concentration camps of Nazi Germany on the territory of Belarus in this period. The authors of the article reveals the main atrocities of the fascist regime in the BSSR in 1941–1944.
HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE OF THE HEROICS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE HERO CITY OF SMOLENSK
Authors: Гречко И.В. , Ковалева О.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье авторы рассматривают историческую ретроспективу героического прошлого великого города Смоленска от древности до Великой Отечественной войны. Отвечают на вопрос: что стало источником мужества и храбрости смолян.

In the article, the authors consider a historical retrospective of the heroic past of the Great City of Smolensk from antiquity to the Great Patriotic War. They answer the question what became the source of courage and bravery of the Smolensk people.
Underwater Sensing Technologies for Assessment of Marine Geological Hazards
Authors: Chen Yuze
Published: April 2024

In recent years, more and more countries are facing the threat of marine geological hazards. The huge losses caused by marine geological disasters have forced people to put on the agenda to develop technologies that can monitor marine geological hazards. There are currently multiple technologies available for monitoring marine geological hazards, the purpose of this article is to explore possibly the basic information of technologies used for marine geohazards assessment and their advantages for using various assessment technologies to monitor the occurrence of marine geological hazards. The technologies to be explored in this article include AUV, multibeam sonar mapping, and sub-bottom profiler. UAVs can take images of the seafloor, seamount, and sediments of the eruptions, and multiple sensors carried by the AUVs can collect related marine geological data including the temperature and salinity of the seawater. The data collected and the images produced can be used to assess the occurrence of marine geohazards. The multi-beam sonars with different working frequencies are used for different purposes, which means that sonars with different working frequencies are also attached to different platforms to fit their mission assigned. The sub-bottom profilers can be used for assessment of eruptions of mud volcanoes and the fluid mud produced during the eruptions.
Application of Biological Methods and Remote Sensing in Marine Monitoring
Authors: Pan Tongxi , Xu Yang
Published: April 2024

Due to the serious side effects caused by poured nuclear sewage, marine monitoring ought to be paid much more attention than before. This article concludes two major general approaches, respectively biological methods and remote sensing. Biological methods contain specifically 4 different methods: ecological monitoring, biological monitoring, measurement of biological physiological and biochemical indicators, and determination of residual amounts of pollutants in the organism. Sensor monitoring technology based on marine organisms is a common technology, which desires marine life suitable for being sensor-equipped and well-developed tags to undergo successive monitoring. Biological detection methods are established by scientists in relevant fields to make up for the shortcomings of physical and chemical pollution detection. The remote sensing method, which includes a range of techniques such as satellite imagery, aerial photography, and sonar systems, offers a unique vantage point that allows us to observe and analyze large expanses of oceanic territory with unprecedented precision and efficiency. It can also be used to identify the sources of marine pollution, assess the impacts of marine pollution on marine ecosystems, monitor the effectiveness of pollution mitigation measures, and develop and implement policies to prevent marine pollution.
The Digitalization Dialectic: A Critical Analysis of Technology's Role in Cultural Formation and Social Change
Authors: Xiao Jia
Published: April 2024

The digital revolution, marked by the swift advancement and dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICTs), has significantly impacted societal structures, cultural norms, and individual behaviors, heralding the emergence of a networked society. This paper explores the profound influence of digitalization on cultural norms, values, and practices, highlighting the dialectical relationship between digital technologies and cultural dynamics. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and theoretical frameworks, it examines how digital technologies have facilitated new forms of cultural expression and interaction, while also addressing challenges posed by the digital divide, privacy concerns, and socio-economic implications of automation and datafication. The study delves into the transformation of cultural capital in the digital age and the role of networked social movements in shaping contemporary cultural landscapes. Furthermore, it discusses the implications of digitalization for global cultural flows and local cultural practices, contributing to the debate on cultural convergence and divergence in the digital era. By engaging with critical theories, this paper provides insights into the intricate relationship between the digital revolution and culture, underscoring the necessity of nuanced perspectives in understanding the complexities of contemporary social dynamics and the ongoing transformation of cultural identities and social structures.
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in a Young Adult: A case report
Authors: Tasya Dhea
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in the form of a histologic pattern of glomerular disease with focal and segmental features of glomerular sclerotic lesions. Incidence of FSGS is 1.4 – 21 cases per million populations.
Case Report: A 24-year-old man was admitted to Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital with anarsaca edema, for five months, followed weight gain, foamy urine and anuria, hypercholesterolemia, hypoalbuminemia, and decreased eGFR. Kidney biopsy was done and the result he was diagnosed with FSGS. Then he was given steroid, immunosuppressant, and antihypertensive therapy and showed improvement.
Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with FSGS by kidney biopsy. This report is expected can illustrate that kidney biopsy is important in diagnose of FSGS because of the impact in treatment and outcomes.
A Young Male of Systemic Lupus Erythematous with Lupus Nephritic Class IV and V in Indonesia : Case Report
Authors: Dina Zulvanka
Published: April 2024

An autoimmune condition known as systemic lupus erythematous affects 15 times more women than men. Men with SLE have a worse prognosis than women with SLE because they more frequently have a more progressive clinical course and more fast organ destruction.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕЛЬЕФНЫХ СТУПЕНЕЙ ТЕНИР-ТОО НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВЫСОТНЫХ ПОЯСОВ
Authors: МАТИКЕЕВ Т.К. , ШЕРБАЕВА З.Э.
Published: April 2024

В данной статье раскрывается влияние ступеней рельефа на формирование высотных поясов на территории Тенир-Тоо как предмет исследования. Целью исследования является не описание высотных поясов Тенир-Тоо, а теоретическое обоснование их формирования, эколого-генетических особенностей, закономерностей распространения и формирования поясов. Методология исследования автором до настоящего времени широко используется в научной литературе и методах ученых-географов, изучающих ландшафты горного региона Тенир-Тоо . Вполне закономерно, что “двухпоясность” и “теория смешения поясов” вызывают горячие споры в научном сообществе, поскольку они впервые поднимаются в научных исследованиях. Этот процесс смешения поясов послужил основой для развития теорий «двухпоясности» и «смешения поясов» и получил подтверждение.
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER GAMES
Authors:   Trinity Academy of Engineering, Pune, V Prathmesh
Published: April 2024

In today's era dominated by computer gaming, various elements such as style, montage, and the ways in which audiences engage with content have evolved significantly. However, one area that remains relatively unexplored is the potential rise of interactive or 'playable' films as a significant shift in cinema. While interactive film experiments do exist, they are still in the early stages and lack a consistent form. The labelling of diverse pieces as interactive films has led to confusion about what truly constitutes this genre. This raises the question of why interactive films have not gained cultural or economic traction, despite the widespread interest in interactive entertainment seen in the gaming industry. Examining notable examples of interactive films may shed light on their limitations and suggest potential new directions for this evolving form of storytelling
3D Model of a Famous Landmark
Authors:   Student at NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering Mumbai, India, Kamdar, Ronit
Published: April 2024

The production of three-dimensional models of well-known sites is an example of how technology and cultural legacy can coexist in the rapidly developing field of digital representation. This study investigates the complex procedure involved in creating, constructing, and deploying 3D models of well-known international monuments. An intensive data collecting phase is when historical, architectural, and geographical information is acquired to start the process. The successive phases of 3D modeling are built upon this knowledge. Keywords—Three-dimensional models, Digital representation, Creating, Constructing
Design, Static Structural and a Steady State Thermal Analysis of Aluminum Composite Piston
Authors:   B. Tech Final Year Students, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology., Rao Y.Surya Appa
Published: April 2024

The aim of this project is to increase the life and to analyze the various characteristics of composite piston that is strength, weight, thermal conductivity, density, thermal stress and specific heat. Piston is the basic component of the automobile engine. The modified design of the composite piston in this project is compared with existing piston to analyze the Mean Time Between Maintenance. Now-a-days the pistons are made up of aluminium silicon alloy which expands enormously due to generation of heat in the piston. This will affect clearance volume and insufficient clearance can cause the piston to seize in the cylinder. Hence an alternative composite material (Al) which will reduce the expansion. These composite piston are mainly applicable in receprocating engines, pumps and marine ships. The temperature distribution of the piston will be analyzed with the help of ANSYS software. In this analysis, the rate of heat transfer and thermal stress are evaluated for different composition materials. Key Words: composite piston, aluminum silicon alloy, thermal stress, thermal distribution
Exploring the Influence of Social Media on Financial Literacy among Millennials and Assessing the Gender Gap
Authors:   Post-Graduate Student – MBA, CMS Business School, Jain Deemed to be University, Bengaluru – 560009, MOUNIKA T. VEDA
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate how social media influences financial literacy among millennials, as well as to analyze the gender difference in financial knowledge and behavior within this group. Given the increasing integration of social media into millennials' daily lives, these platforms have the potential to significantly influence their understanding of financial matters. The study will examine how social media content, interactions, and trends influence millennials' financial knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, particularly in detecting gender differences in financial literacy. Data on millennials' social media usage patterns, financial awareness levels, and attitudes toward money management will be gathered using a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The purpose of this research is to identify links between social media exposure and financial literacy results, as well as disparities in financial behaviors across male and female millennials. Finally, the findings will help to better understand the impact of social media on financial literacy and suggest ways for closing the gender gap in financial awareness and decision-making among millennials. Keywords: Social Media, Financial literacy, Millennials, Gender gap, Financial Knowledge, Financial Behavior, Social media influence, Financial attitudes, Financial management, Financial decision-making, Social media content