bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal study of the small-scale variability in dissolved methane in the western Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea) during the European heatwave in 2018
Authors: Gindorf Sonja , Bange Hermann W. , Booge Dennis , Kock Annette
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Methane (CH4) is a climate-relevant atmospheric trace gas which is
emitted to the atmosphere from coastal areas such as the Baltic Sea. The
oceanic CH4 emission estimates are still associated with a high degree
of uncertainty partly because the temporal and spatial variability in the
CH4 distribution in the ocean surface layer is usually not known. In
order to determine the small-scale variability in dissolved CH4 we set
up a purge and trap system with a significantly improved precision for the
CH4 concentration measurements compared to static headspace
equilibration measurements. We measured the distribution of dissolved
CH4 in the water column of the western Kiel Bight and Eckernförde
Bay in June and September 2018. The top 1 m was sampled in high resolution
to determine potential small-scale CH4 concentration gradients within
the mixed layer. CH4 concentrations throughout the water column of the
western Kiel Bight and Eckernförde Bay were generally higher in
September than in June. The increase in the CH4 concentrations in the
bottom water was accompanied by a strong decrease in O2 concentrations
which led to anoxic conditions favourable for microbial CH4 production
in September. In summer 2018, northwestern Europe experienced a pronounced
heatwave. However, we found no relationship between the anomalies of water
temperature and excess CH4 in both the surface and the bottom layer at
the site of the Boknis Eck Time Series Station (Eckernförde Bay).
Therefore, the 2018 European heatwave most likely did not affect the
observed increase in the CH4 concentrations in the western Kiel Bight
from June to September 2018. The high-resolution measurements of the
CH4 concentrations in the upper 1 m of the water column were highly
variable and showed no uniform decreasing or increasing gradients with water
depth. Overall, our results show that the CH4 distribution in the water
column of the western Kiel Bight and Eckernförde Bay is strongly
affected by both large-scale temporal (i.e. seasonal) and small-scale
spatial variabilities which need to be considered when quantifying the
exchange of CH4 across the ocean–atmosphere interface.
Annual emissions of carbon from land use, land-use change, and forestry 1850–2020
Authors: Houghton Richard  A. , Castanho Andrea
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Estimates of the annual emissions of carbon from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) are important for tracking global, regional, and national carbon budgets, which in turn help predict future rates of climate change and help define potential solutions for mitigation. Here we update a long-term (1850–2020) series of annual, national carbon emissions from LULUCF (Houghton and Nassikas, 2017), based largely, after 1960, on statistics of land use from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (Faostat, 2021). Those data suggest that rates of deforestation in the tropics (and thus net emissions of carbon) have decreased over the last ten years (2011–2020). The data also indicate that the net loss of tropical forests is greater than the net gain in croplands and pastures, and we explore three alternative interpretations of this apparent forest conversion, one of which is shifting cultivation. We note that LULUCF is not equivalent to LULCC (Land-Use and Land-Cover Change), and suggest that the difference between “land use” and “land cover” may contribute to variation among independent estimates of emissions. The calculated emissions of carbon based on LULUCF approximate the anthropogenic component of terrestrial carbon emissions, but carbon management opportunities exist for unmanaged lands as well.
Spatial filtering in a 6D hybrid-Vlasov scheme to alleviate adaptive mesh refinement artifacts: a case study with Vlasiator (versions 5.0, 5.1, and 5.2.1)
Authors: Papadakis Konstantinos , Pfau-Kempf Yann , Ganse Urs , Battarbee Markus , Alho Markku , Grandin Maxime , Dubart Maxime , Turc Lucile , Zhou Hongyang , Horaites Konstantinos , Zaitsev Ivan , Cozzani Giulia , Bussov Maarja , Gordeev Evgeny , Tesema Fasil , George Harriet , Suni Jonas , Tarvus Vertti , Palmroth Minna
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Numerical simulation models that are used to investigate the near-Earth space plasma environment require sophisticated methods and algorithms as well as high computational power. Vlasiator 5.0 is a hybrid-Vlasov plasma simulation code that is able to perform 6D (3D in ordinary space and 3D in velocity space) simulations using adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). In this work, we describe a side effect of using AMR in Vlasiator 5.0: the heterologous grid approach creates discontinuities due to the different grid resolution levels. These discontinuities cause spurious oscillations in the electromagnetic fields that alter the global results. We present and test a spatial filtering operator for alleviating this artifact without significantly increasing the computational overhead. We demonstrate the operator's use case in large 6D AMR simulations and evaluate its performance with different implementations.
Arctic Ocean Simulations in the CMIP6 Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP)
Authors: Shu Qi , Wang Qiang , Guo Chuncheng , Song Zhenya , Wang Shizhu , He Yan , Qiao Fangli
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Arctic Ocean simulations in 19 global ocean-sea ice models participating in the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) of the CMIP6 are evaluated in this paper. Our results indicate that no significant improvements were achieved in the Arctic Ocean simulations from the previous Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments phase II (CORE-II) to the current OMIP. Large model biases and inter-model spread exist in the simulated mean state of the halocline and Atlantic Water layer in the OMIP models. Most of the OMIP models suffer from too thick and deep Atlantic Water layer, too deep halocline base, and large fresh biases in the halocline. The OMIP models largely agree on the inter-annual and decadal variability of the Arctic Ocean freshwater content and volume/heat/freshwater transports through the Arctic Ocean gateways. The models can reproduce observed changes in volume, heat and freshwater transports through the gateways except for the Bering Strait. Overall, the performance of the Arctic Ocean simulations is similar between the CORE2-forced OMIP-1 and JRA55-do-forced OMIP-2.
A mixed distribution approach for low-flow frequency analysis – Part 2: Modeling dependency using a copula-based estimator
Authors: Laaha Gregor
Published: October 2022

Abstract. In climates with a warm and a cold season, low-flows are generated by different processes, which violates the homogeneity assumption of extreme value statistics. In this second part of a two-part series, we extend the mixed probability estimator of the companion paper (Laaha, G., 2022) to deal with dependency of seasonal events. We formulate a copula-based estimator for seasonal minima series and examine it in a hydrological context. The estimator is a valid generalization of the annual probability estimator and provides a consistent framework for estimating return periods of summer, winter and annual events. Using archetypal examples we show that differences to the mixed estimator are always observed in the upper part of the distribution, which is less relevant for low-flow frequency analysis. The differences decrease as the return period increases so that both models coincide for the severest events. In a quantitative evaluation, we test the performance of the copula estimator on a pan-European data set. We find a large gain of both mixed distribution approaches over the annual estimator, making these approaches highly relevant for Europe as a whole. We then examine in more detail the relative performance gain of the mixed copula versus the mixed distribution approach. The analysis shows that the gain for the 100-year event is actually minimal. However, the gain for 2-year events is considerable in some of the catchments, with a relative deviation of -15 to -23 % in the most affected regions. This points to a prediction bias of the mixed probability estimator that can be corrected using the copula approach. Using multiple regression models, we show that the performance gain can be well explained on hydrological grounds, with weak seasonality leading to a high potential for corrections and strong seasonal correlation reinforcing the need to take it into account. Accordingly, the greatest differences can be observed in mid-mountain regions in cold and temperate climates, where rivers have a strongly mixed low-flow regime. This finding is of particular relevance for event mapping, where regional severity can be misinterpreted when the seasonal correlation is neglected. We conclude that the two mixed probability estimators are quite similar, and both are more accurate as the annual minima approach. In regions with strong seasonal correlation the mixed copula estimator is most accurate and should be preferred over the mixed distribution approach.
A NEW DISTRIBUTED TARGET EXTRACTION METHOD FOR POLARIMETRIC SAR CALIBRATION
Authors: Chi B. , Zhang J. , Lu L. , Yang S. , Huang G.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Polarimetric calibration is one of the preprocessing steps in the quantitative processing of Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data, and its accuracy will affect subsequent applications. At present, the polarimetric calibration method based on distributed targets is widely used, and this kind of method needs to extract distributed targets that satisfy certain scattering characteristics as the calibration reference ground object samples before calibrating. Therefore, the extraction accuracy of distributed targets has a great influence on the accuracy of polarimetric calibration methods based on such targets. Therefore, this paper proposes a new distribution target extraction method, which is based on the idea of KS hypothesis testing, and uses the homogeneity of the pixels in the window to determine whether it is a distribution target. To verify the effectiveness of the method, the X-band airborne PolSAR images are used as the data of the polarimetric calibration experiment. Experiments show that, compared with other extraction methods, our method can not only ensure the extraction accuracy of distributed targets, but also further improve the accuracy of polarimetric calibration.
A NOVEL REMOTE SENSING IMAGE REGISTRATION ALGORITHM BASED ON THE ADAPTIVE PCNN SEGMENTATION
Authors: Ge J. F. , Zhang Y. S. , Li X. J. , Li H. , Li Y. K.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The appropriate feature segmentation can further improve the remote sensing image registration. The paper proposes a novel adaptive region-based registration method for remote sensing image, which combines the PCNN segmentation and feature-based method. Specifically, the parameters of PCNN are adaptively optimized by the slime mould algorithm. The reference and the input image are matched by the similar regions of PCNN segmentation, which is insensitive to the geometric and photometric changes. Then, two images are registered by the regional matching. Since the segmentation regions of the PCNN agree with the human visual system, and more stable. The proposed method achieves better registration performance. Experimental results conducted on UAV and GaoFen-2 remote sensing image pairs indicate that the proposed method outperforms the SIFT, SURF, Harris-Laplace, MSER methods.
RESEARCH ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF GEOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE GRAPH INTEGRATING NATURAL DISASTER INFORMATION
Authors: Zhang B. , Yin C. , Liu K. , Zhai X. , Sun Y. , Du M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Natural disasters have a significant impact on the environment and economies of all countries around the world, and a large amount of multi-source heterogeneous geographic information data is generated every day. However, due to a lack of knowledge transformation capabilities, these nations continue to struggle with the issue of "a large amount of data and little knowledge". Therefore, it is of great significance how to extract geographic knowledge related to disasters from the vast data and construct a geographic knowledge graph integrating disaster information. Based on the theory related to knowledge extraction, this paper proposes a method to construct a natural disaster knowledge graph integrating geographic information. The core of this knowledge graph is to construct the association relationship between natural disaster concepts, research areas, and spatial data. The vocabulary and relationships associated with disaster concepts are primarily transformed by an existing word list of geographic narratives, which then provide rich semantic relationships of domain concepts for the entire knowledge graph. The research areas and spatial data types are mainly obtained through knowledge entity extraction and disambiguation methods. This disaster knowledge graph can support applications well such as natural disaster visualization and analysis, data recommendation systems, and intelligent Q&A systems, which can further improve the intelligence of natural disaster knowledge services and is expected to promote the sharing and reuse of domain knowledge graphs to a certain extent.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A SMART EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLATFROM FOR EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE MONITORING DATA
Authors: Li W. , Wang Q. , Cheng W. , Xie X. , Du J. , Yan H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Because of the characteristics of the strong suddenness of disasters, many secondary disasters, and high requirements for response timeliness, the development of integrated disaster monitoring with space-air-ground (SAG) multi-source data is a key scientific issue to deal with natural disasters and ensure the safety of people's lives and properties. However, the existing technical methods of emergency response information extraction and collaborative monitoring and evaluation are slightly weak, and the application service capability needs to be improved. Based on the formation mechanism and evolution law of earthquake disasters, this paper studies the SAG multi-source collaborative monitoring method. Using multi-source data, we not constructed the algorithm model of disaster evolution process simulation and risk dynamic assessment, but realized rapid disaster emergency assessment and intelligent emergency decision-making. At the same time, it has developed an integrated platform for earthquake disaster monitoring and smart spatial information services, which realizes the integrated expression of elements such as rapid access to multi-source spatiotemporal information, smart service models, and disaster monitoring information. We provide a task-driven software-hardware cooperative service application. In this way, the emergency response capability of regional earthquake disasters can be improved, the development of disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief emergency industries can be accelerated, and scientific and technological support can be provided, which ensures national development.
A METHOD OF DISASTER-DAMAGED BUILDING SAMPLE LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION BASED ON TRANSFER LEARNING
Authors: Wang Z. , Zhang F. , Wu C.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. In recent years, the analysis of satellite remote sensing data using deep learning methods has become an important solution in the field of disaster response. The sample library can provide knowledge support for deep learning tasks in a research area, and its sample size and labeling accuracy directly determine the model effectiveness. However, the traditional sample library is often constructed by manual annotation, which is time-consuming and less automated. This research explores a transfer learning method to automate the construction of a sample library of building damage. We used models instead of manual work to automatically annotate the damage information of disaster images, combined with an auxiliary manual inspection to achieve high quality and dynamic optimization of the sample library. Following are three main aspects of research work. (1) This study extensively collected remote sensing images related to disaster events, and carried out data pre-processing work. (2) This study built a building damage information identification model based on the U-Net framework, which applied pre-trained backbone model and was formally trained on xBD dataset. (3) With CycleGAN to implement color style transfer between RS images collected from two different data sources, we constructed a high-quality building damage sample library, mainly by automatic machine labeling and supplemented by manual sampling verification. Finally, we successfully constructed a sample library of disaster-damaged building images, and conducted several rounds of manual precision sampling work and dynamic optimization work. The number of image slices in the sample library reached 12,834, and the overall accuracy is higher than 0.80 under the manual inspection of 200 samples.
3D RECONSTRUCTION AND RENDERING VISUALIZATION OF TUNNEL POINT CLOUD
Authors: Zhao H. , Hu Q.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a method for rapid and automatic visualisation of over-undercutting based on 3D reconstruction and rendering of tunnel point clouds. The method uses model filtering and our improved voxel filtering for point cloud lite to maximise the preservation of the original tunnel point cloud features while streamlining the point cloud. The 3D reconstruction is then completed according to our proposed alpha-shape algorithm with low reconstruction parameters combined with a fast model optimisation model, which achieves high reconstruction accuracy while significantly improving computational efficiency to meet the requirements of the tunneling project. The rendering method is calculated by selecting the RGB values. The darker the colour, the heavier the degree of over-excavation or under-excavation. According to the calculated over-excavation or under-excavation value, the ratio of the point in the over-excavation or under-excavation interval is obtained in turn, and the gradient is rendered by increasing the base colour of each interval proportionally; the kd-tree is then introduced to calculate and visualise the colour information of the reconstructed model. In addition, this paper uses real-world tunnel point cloud data and demonstrates that the method meets expectations through qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Visualisation of the tunnel point cloud is accomplished while maintaining speed, visualising the over-under-excavation situation and providing an outlook for future work.
3D MODEL OF BUILDING BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE DATA FUSION
Authors: Wang Y. , Huang X. , Gao M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The process of building a digital city is the construction of a three-dimensional city model. The construction of 3 d data model is the process of multi-source spatial information collection and fusion. The current means of spatial information collection are mainly divided into three-dimensional laser technology and UAV photogrammetry technology. The three-dimensional laser technology is mainly based on ground laser, which has high acquisition accuracy for the bottom part of the building, but it is insufficient for the information collection at the top of the building. UAV photogrammetry has a large area and high efficiency spatial information collection method. At the same time, a large three-dimensional city model of the building can also be constructed. However, due to practical problems such as flight height and ground occlusion, the model constructed by UAV photogrammetry has a perfect top and poor bottom quality. The two methods are combined to build a more perfect point cloud model. Aiming at the above problems, a three-dimensional modeling method of buildings under multi-source data fusion is proposed. Firstly, the point cloud data and image data obtained by 3D laser scanner and UAV are preprocessed, and the two data forms are transformed into high-precision point cloud data. Then two sets of point cloud data are fused to generate the whole point cloud data. Finally, based on the patch generated by the whole point cloud, the point cloud model is reverse modeled. Get the corresponding building entity model, in order to get a more perfect 3D city model.
Interactive Learning Application for Kindergarten Education Using Mobile Based Augmented Reality
Authors: Shargunam S. , Rajakumar G.
Published: October 2022

This paper presented about the augmented reality learning application for kindergarten education. This paper explains how the learning application is developed and used to increase the motivation and engagement of the children. Education is transferred from traditional way of learning to the use of immersive, interactive technologies. Game based learning environment is very useful for children to learn very efficiently. Marker based Augmented Learning application is developed using Unity 3D game engine and hardware used for viewing is mobile phone. Augmented learning application consists of two main courses - English, Mathematics. In every course, application is developed in two modes - learn and play. After learning each module, children are tested using the play mode. Children are able to interact with the 3D objects and animations, audio visuals are used for enhancement.
A Study on Client’s Perception on Digital Marketing Strategy at a Machine Tool Manufacturing Company
Authors: Darshan G. , Gurusamy Karpagavalli
Published: October 2022

In the small-scale manufacturing industry, making the best use of existing financial and human resources is critical. The focus in MSMEs is on core operational areas such as manufacturing, maintenance, logistics, and so on. Because marketing is often the last thing on people's minds, this study recommends a cost-effective digital marketing strategy that requires little upfront investment. There isn’t much scope given to marketing in the machine tool manufacturing industry, even though it can bring a computable difference in lead generation and sales. This project focuses on understanding the client’s perspective on marketing activities specifically the digital part and also tries to understand different strategies that can be employed on its way. This study tries to understand a suitable digital marketing strategy to attract potential customers. The study is carried out in a small-scale machine tool manufacturing company having more than 100 employees and a global footprint. The project envisages Identifying a novel comprehensive digital marketing strategy to increase the inbound and outbound leads. The planned strategy includes the use of different platforms for maximizing the company’s outreach to the potential customer base.
Teaching Probabilities and Risks to Medical Students With a Special Focus on Communication With Patients
Authors:   University Hospital Bonn, Mayr Andreas , Fleckenstein Tobias ,   University Hospital Bonn, Kneib Thomas ,   Georg-August University Göttingen, de Sousa Bruno ,   University of Coimbra
Published: October 2022

Medical doctors are frequently confronted with various tools for risk assessment, forecast models, and diagnostics based on conditional probabilities, but statistical literacy among medical students is often low. This leads to a potential loss of information when communicating with patients and poorer decision making. We argue that a special focus in teaching probabilities and risks to medical students not only should be on skills regarding the correct interpretation of the different measures from a clinical perspective but also should focus on how to communicate these risks via natural frequencies to patients. We identified some typical settings and small case-studies that illustrate potential solutions that could be used when teaching statistics to medical students, to ensure proper communication with patients.
INVESTIGATING READINESS FOR REMOTE LEARNING IN THREE COHORTS OF STUDENTS
Authors:   University of Glasgow, Jack Eilidh , Mair Colette ,   University of Glasgow
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many higher education programmes to be delivered online, with blended learning a viable learning environment in the future. This study investigated differences in readiness for remote learning between three cohorts of students using clustering and thematic analysis. Key classifiers for online distance learning postgraduate learners were motivation to learn, confidence using online tools for learning, and time-management. On-campus learners were motivated to learn and seek assistance but less likely to repeat recorded material and less confident in time-management. On-campus learners were less motivated to learn, less confident in using online tools for communication or to seek assistance, and more likely to mention remote learning’s impact on their mental health.
Cross-Curricular Approaches to Promoting Statistical and Data Literacy in STEM School Education: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Heidelberg University of Education, Schreiter Saskia , Vogel Markus ,   Heidelberg University of Education, Friedrich Anja ,   Saarland University, Malone Sarah ,   Saarland University, Brünken Roland ,   Saarland University, Becker-Genschow Sebastian ,   University of Cologne, Lehmann Jessica ,   Saarland University, Mosetter Tobias ,   Heidelberg University of Education, Haaß Stephanie ,   Heidelberg University of Education, Kuhn Jochen ,   Ludwig Maximilian University
Published: October 2022

Statistical and data literacy are counted among the key competencies of the 21st century and are often set out as an expected outcome of school education. Accordingly, curricular adaptions of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education have been made in many countries with the aim of developing competencies that promote competent handling of data, statistical information, and their forms of representation. In this paper, we report first results of an ongoing systematic review on the definition and fostering of statistical and data literacy in STEM school education. This paper focuses explicitly on cross-curricular approaches to promoting statistical and data literacy in STEM school education, which have been described and empirically investigated in international research
Statistical Competencies in the Training of Mathematics Teachers in 2017 Enade: An IRT Application
Authors:   Santa Catarina State University, Rostirola Sandra Cristina Martini , Henning Elisa ,   Santa Catarina State University, Siple Ivanete Zuchi ,   Santa Catarina State University
Published: October 2022

The National Students' Performance Examination [Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes–Enade] is a large-scale assessment instrument for Brazilian higher education programs whose results, along with other quality indicators, allow for an evaluation of the country's higher education. This work analyzed 2017 Enade questions for the mathematics degree program regarding the statistical competencies of future educators. The quantitative approach methodology allowed analyzing 10,869 participants' responses through Item Response Theory (IRT) using the Three-Parameter Logistic Model. The results indicate evidence of weakness in questions related to probability and statistics regarding t levels of difficulty and discrimination in addition to reflecting discrepancies between the statistical content in the official test descriptors and those found in the questions.
Towards a Framework for Developing a Critical Statistical Literacy
Authors:   University of Houston, Weiland Travis , Sundrani Anita ,   University of Houston
Published: October 2022

In this theoretical paper we hypothesize a developmental framework for a critical statistical literacy based on our anecdotal observations from working with teachers and empirical evidence from a pilot study. We create the framework by taking Watson and Callingham’s hierarchical framework for statistical literacy and reframing it as a developmental framework. We then combine it with Weiland’s Critical Statistical Literacy framework, which serves as an end goal of the developmental framework. We provide excerpts from a pilot study as a proof of concept and make suggestions for future research.
Statistical Education Present in the Ibero-American Curricula in the First Primary Education Courses
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna, García-Alonso Israel , Vásquez Claudia ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica
Published: October 2022

This study analyzes the statistical knowledge collected in eleven mathematics curricula in Latin America in the first three grades of Primary Education (6-9 years). The research recommends starting their learning at an early age. Through theoretical and qualitative analysis, the contents and phases of the statistical research cycle of curricula have been explored and compared. Only five of the eleven curricula complete the statistical research cycle in the three courses studied, and the data collection and analysis phases are the most frequent. An atomized and disconnected teaching of statistics continues to be shown in many curricula. Este estudio analiza el conocimiento estadístico que se recoge en once currículos de matemáticas de Iberoamérica en los primeros tres cursos de la Educación Primaria (6–9 años). La investigación recomienda iniciar su aprendizaje a edades tempranas. Mediante el análisis teórico y cualitativo se han explorado y comparado los contenidos y las fases del ciclo de investigación estadística de los currículos. Sólo cinco de los once currículos completan el ciclo de investigación estadística en los tres cursos estudiados, y las fases recoger datos y analizar, son las más frecuentes. Se sigue mostrando una enseñanza de la estadística atomizada y desconectada, en muchos currículos.
Characterization in the Association of Variables Through Statistical Projects in the Classroom
Authors:   Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Casanova Morales Herma , Sánchez Acevedo Nicolás ,   Universidad Alberto Hurtado
Published: October 2022

This paper describes the design and results of a didactic sequence based on statistical projects for the teaching of the association of variables. From a qualitative analysis of the data obtained in classes, the initial difficulty of students in numerical management is observed, but not in procedural management, managing to overcome some difficulties through the use of technologies. Likewise, the project methodology allows linking teaching with problems arising from the interest of students. Through the stages of statistical research, students manage to organize data in contingency tables and intuitively link the variables in question in the context of a problem related to waste generation and recycling at school. Este trabajo describe el diseño y resultados de una secuencia didáctica basada en proyectos estadísticos para la enseñanza de la asociación de variables. A partir de un análisis cualitativo de los datos obtenidos en clases, se observa la dificultad inicial de estudiantes en el manejo numérico más no en el procedimental, logrando superar algunas dificultades mediante el uso de tecnologías. Así mismo, la metodología de proyectos permite vincular la enseñanza con problemáticas surgidas desde el interés de los estudiantes. A través de las etapas de la investigación estadística, los y las estudiantes logran organizar datos en tablas de contingencia y vincular de forma intuitiva las variables en cuestión en el contexto de un problema relacionado con la generación de desechos y reciclaje en el colegio.
Curiosity And Research: Developing Statistical Literacy in Early Childhood Education
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, de Lira Flávia Luíza , Carvalho Liliane Maria ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Published: October 2022

Pedagogical proposals for the teaching of children aged 0 to 5 years were intensified in Brazil. Currently, the Common National Curriculum Base guides the experience of the curriculum by contemplating a diversity of knowledge, such as that of mathematics and statistics. In this article, we analyze an experience with five-year-olds, addressing statistical literacy from the stages of the investigative cycle. This is a survey cut of the master's degree in which teachers of early childhood education participated in group studies on statistical literacy. We analyze the practice of one of the teachers in the experience of a planning, whose problematization came from the curiosity of the children. The importance of the study is highlighted, as it allows planning and living a significant investigation from the perspective of statistical literacy. Propostas pedagógicas para o ensino de crianças de 0 a 5 anos foram intensificadas no Brasil. Atualmente, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular orienta a vivência do currículo contemplando uma diversidade de conhecimentos, como os de Matemática e Estatística. Neste artigo, analisamos uma vivência com crianças de cinco anos, abordando o Letramento Estatístico a partir das etapas do ciclo investigativo. Trata-se de um recorte de pesquisa de mestrado em que professoras da Educação Infantil participaram de estudos em grupo sobre Letramento Estatístico. Analisa-se a prática de uma das professoras na vivência de um planejamento, cuja problematização partiu da curiosidade das crianças. Destaca-se a importância do estudo, por possibilitar o planejamento e vivência de uma investigação significativa na perspectiva do Letramento Estatístico.
Investigation Cycle for Analysing Image-Based Data: Perspectives From Three Contexts
Authors:   Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Kazak Sibel , Fielding Jill ,   University of New England, Zapata-Cardona Lucia ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: October 2022

A traditional data investigation cycle includes problem posing, planning and collecting data, analysing data, and making conclusions. This research studies the data investigation cycle for analysing image-based data. In three independent research projects, students at different educational levels and from different countries were provided photographic data of families and their environments around the world from the Dollar Street project. Data collected included classroom video-recordings (Australia), individual student interviews (Colombia), and pre-service mathematics teachers’ interviews (Turkey). Analysis focused on the sequence of actions that helped students when attempting to pose and answer questions based on the data set. Findings suggested a similar, iterative sequence of actions across all cohorts: context and data set familiarisation, variable identification/generation, problem posing and planning, data organisation and analysis, and drawing conclusions.
The Influence of Information Added to Data
Authors:   Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chroszczinsky Sophia , Priemer Burkhard ,   Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Masnick Amy ,   Hofstra University
Published: October 2022

We conducted a study to investigate the influence of a context on students’ evaluation of data. Participants were given two data sets with the same mean but different standard deviations. Then they were asked which data set they thought was “better.” Later, participants saw the same data sets again but now embedded in a context. Again, they had to choose the “better” method. Students’ choices did not change significantly with additional information. However, when asked to justify their decision, the quality of the responses decreased when context was added. Further, 2/3 of the participants who based their decision on data justified their choice by referring to the standard deviation even though only 1/3 had sound knowledge about standard deviation.
L’esperienza freinetiana in Spagna. Una sublimazione del concetto di scuola
Authors: Bergomi Alberta
Published: October 2022

The Freneitian Experience in Spain. A Sublimation of the Concept of School The article describes the reception of the cooperative school model of French origin in Spain in the early twentieth century and underlines its political translation: from “educating from life” to “educating at the price of life”.
Raccomandazioni e suppliche per una casa: la Obra Sindical del Hogar a Madrid negli anni Quaranta e Cinquanta
Authors: Guiducci Luca
Published: October 2022

Recommendations and Pleas for an Obra Sindical del Hogar’s House in Madrid in the 1940s and 1950s In the years following the Spanish Civil War, Francisco Franco’s regime tried to mitigate the difficulties that those who had supported the Alzamiento Nacional living in Madrid encountered when buying a house or finding one to live in for rent. A special organization, the Obra Sindical del Hogar (OSH), was created to direct the resources of the State towards the construction of economical houses, the so-called viviendas protegidas, trying to give an answer. However, the OSH did not meet expectations, leading many citizens to seek alternatives in order to receive a house from the organization, by contacting directly with the upper echelons of the regime through letters of supplication and recommendation.
VARIABILITY OF SOIL AGROCHEMICAL INDICATORS AT THE POLYGON OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE NPC ZH IM. A.I. BARAEV
Authors:   Research and Production Center for Grain Farming. A.I. Baraeva, settlement Scientific, Akmola region, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kunanbayev K.K. , Skoblikov V.F. ,   Research and Production Center for Grain Farming. A.I. Baraeva, settlement Scientific, Akmola region, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

Изучена вариабельность элементов минерального питания растений в почвах полигона точного земледелия НПЦЗХ им. А. И. Бараева для определения типичности выбранного участка землепользования в целях демонстрации использования системы точного земледелия. Общий объем обследованной площади составил 2400 га. Отбор почвенных проб проводился сеточным методом по 5 гектарным элементарным участкам. Результаты анализа показали низкую вариативность полей по содержанию калия, гумуса и рН. Коэффициент вариации не превышал 25%. Высокая вариабельность отмечена для нитратного азота и подвижного фосфора, при этом содержание нитратного азота (9,3 мг/кг) и подвижного фосфора (24,5 мг/кг) находилось на уровне средней обеспеченности. Выявлена высокая обеспеченность калием в почве - > 600 мг/кг. Содержание органического вещества не превышало 4%. Группировка почв по степени кислотности была сильнощелочной 8,6–9,0. Выявлена неравномерная группировка полей по азоту и фосфору. Доля полей со средней обеспеченностью азотом и фосфором составляет 63-66%. Исходя из оптимума N-NO3 и Р2О5, на 50% полей требуется внесение минеральных удобрений. Рекомендовано применение дифференцированного внесения удобрений, что позволяет выровнять агрохимический фон. Выявлена типичное варьирование агрохимических показателей обследованных сельскохозяйственных угодий полигона, соответствующее южным карбонатным черноземам.
MONITORING OF THE FIRE BLIGHT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   LLP «Zhazken Zhyembayev Kazakh research institute of plantprotection and quarantine», Almaty c., Republic of Kazakhstan, Umiraliyeva Zh.Z. , Kopzhasarov B.K. ,   LLP «Zhazken Zhyembayev Kazakh research institute of plantprotection and quarantine», Almaty c., Republic of Kazakhstan, Beknazarova Z.B. ,   LLP «Zhazken Zhyembayev Kazakh research institute of plantprotection and quarantine», Almaty c., Republic of Kazakhstan, Darubaev A.A ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Zhenis avenue, Astana city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

Бактериальный ожог является одной из наиболее вредоносных инфекционных болезней плодовых культур. В настоящее время он зарегистрирован более чем в 50 странах мира. Для многих стран, в том числе и для Казахстана, он является карантинным заболеванием. Экономический ущерб от бактериального ожога огромен и выражается не только в потере урожая и гибели деревьев, но и в затратах на выкорчевку и восстановление садов. Патоген длительное время может находиться в латентном состоянии и при наступлении благоприятных погодных условий быстро размножается и вызывает эпифитотийное развитие болезни. Учитывая, что бактериальный ожог является опасным карантинным заболеванием плодовых культур, необходимо было установить масштабы его распространения на юге и юговостоке республики в основных зонах промышленного садоводства. Для разработки конкретных защитных мероприятий необходимо провести анализ динамики бактериального ожога на яблоне в зависимости от фаз развития и складывающихся метеоусловий в течение вегетационного периода по годам исследований. Научная и практическая значимость проведённых исследований заключается в том, что результаты мониторинга бактериального ожога позволят обосновать объем проводимых карантинных и защитных мероприятий, точно установить сроки их проведения, а также они будут использованы при разработке прогноза развития болезни. При проведении исследований использовались общепринятые в карантине, фитопатологии и бактериологии методы, а также ПЦР анализ для идентификации возбудителя болезни. В результате мониторинга установлено, что очаги бактериального ожога встречаются во всех обследуемых областях юга и юго-востока республики в основных зонах промышленного плодоводства. Наибольшое количество их выявлено в Алматинской, меньше в Жамбылской и Туркестанской областях. Анализ сезонной динамики показал, что бактериальный ожог интенсивно развивается в первой половине вегетационного периода, следовательно, защитные мероприятия должны быть приурочены к этому периоду.
RELEVANCE OF PROCESSING BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS FOR THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN WITH THE PURPOSE OF EXPANDING THE RANGE OF FUNCTIONAL PHYTODRINKS
Authors:   LLP ", Velyamov Sh.M. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry",   , Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Velyamov M.T. ,   LLP "Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry", Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Appazov N.O. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurasova L.A. ,   LLP "Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry", Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Berik A.B. ,   LLP "Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry", Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Makeeva R.K. ,   LLP "Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry", Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

Мед – это ценнейший продукт пчеловодства, который на сегодняшний день в рационе населения Республики Казахстан используется в основном в нативном виде, доля переработки продукции пчеловодства с целью производства функциональных продуктов питания и напитков не превышает и одного процента. На основе меда и имбиря благодаря их высоким функциональным свойствам можно изготавливать безалкогольные и алкогольные фитонапитки. По большей мере данную продукцию изготавливают в домашних условиях или приобретают импортную. Ассортимент напитков, которые встречаются на прилавках по большей мере не несут в себе полезных свойств, ввиду большого содержания сахара - для безалкогольных напитков, а для алкогольных - вовсе отсутствуют отечественные напитки с функциональным статусом. На основании вышеизложенного актуальным является увеличение доли переработки продукции пчеловодства (меда) с целью расширения ассортимента функциональных фитонапитков. В данной статье представлены результаты разработки новых рецептур фитонапитков на основе меда и имбиря. Предлагаемая продукция ориентирована для повседневного потребления, продукция будет обладать оздоровительным эффектом, и восполнять суточную норму витаминов, микро- и макроэлементов и антиоксидантов. Работа выполнена в рамках научно-технической программы BR10764970 «Разработка наукоемких технологий глубокой переработки с/х сырья в целях расширения ассортимента и выхода готовой продукции с единицы сырья, а также снижения доли отходов в производстве продукции» бюджетной программы 267 «Повышение доступности знаний и научных исследований» подпрограмма 101 «Программно-целевое финансирование научных исследований и мероприятий» Министерства сельского хозяйства Республики Казахстан на 2021- 2023 годы.
De la retórica a la estética: la gestación de la estética como filosofía de la literatura en España
Authors: Orden Jiménez Rafael Valeriano
Published: October 2022

La estética se introdujo en España con ocasión de la constitución del sistema de instrucción pública y vinculada a la enseñanza de la retórica y la poética. En 1814, los liberales propusieron reunir la retórica y la poética en una única disciplina que ofreciese los principios de la literatura. Estos principios se venían elaborando para las bellas letras y las bellas artes desde el siglo XVIII y de ellos surgiría la estética como ciencia del gusto y de lo bello. La estética entró a formar parte de la asignatura de Literatura en 1846 bajo la influencia de la filosofía ecléctica francesa y, en particular, de la teoría estética de Victor Cousin. Esto propició la producción de los primeros textos sobre estética en España, orientados a la enseñanza de la literatura.
Lecturas escocesas de Suárez en la primera mitad del XVII: el debate entre John Maxwell y Samuel Rutherford
Authors: Baciero Francisco
Published: October 2022

La difusión abrumadora que la filosofía política de Suárez alcanzó en la Europa del siglo XVII, queda confirmada por el debate que mantuvieron en 1644 el obispo anglicano John Maxwell y el ministro presbiteriano Samuel Rutherford en torno al origen legítimo del poder político. En sus tratados de signo político diametralmente opuesto, ambos recurren con frecuencia como a una autoridad al De legibus y a la Defensio fidei de Suárez, publicados treinta años antes. Metodológicamente el artículo ha sido elaborado a partir de un análisis comparativo de las doctrinas suarecianas con las contenidas en los tratados de Maxwell y Rutherford, accesibles gracias a la base de datos EEBO (Early English Books Online), de la Universidad de Michigan, así como al repositorio bibliográfico Internet Archive, con sede en San Francisco.
DIFFERENCES IN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN FEMALE VOLLEYBALL NATIONAL TEAMS OF MONTENEGRO AND KOSOVO
Authors: Bojanic Danilo , Ljubojevic Milovan , Krivokapic Dragan , Nokic Aldijana , Mekic Amel
Published: October 2022

The aim of this research was to determine the differences related to morphological characteristics and body composition among female players of Montenegro national junior volleyball team and Kosovo national junior volleyball team. A sample of the subject consists of a total of 25 top-level female junior players who were members of two national teams, participants of the European Championship qualifying 2020. The first sub-sample of the subjects consisted of 13 players of National team of Montenegro, of the average age 17.13 ± 0.54, while the other sub-sample consisted of 12 players of National team of Kosovo, of the average age of 16.35 ± 0.41. Anthropometric characteristics in the body composition were evaluated by a battery of 11 variables: body height (cm), body weight (kg), triceps skinfold (mm), back skinfold, biceps skinfold, abdominal skinfold, thigh skinfold, calf skinfold, body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat (%) and muscle mass (kg). Statistically significant differences (p< 0.05) between body composition and morphological characteristic of the female volleyball players of two national teams, Montenegro and Kosovo, were determined by using a discriminatory parametric procedure with t-test for small independent samples. The results showed that the female volleyball players of Montenegro are somewhat higher, also they have greater body mass index, greater muscle mass and a significantly lower percentage of fat, compared to the female volleyball players of Kosovo. When it comes to variables of skinfolds, it was demonstrated only one statistical significance in favor of the Montenegrin National team, variable skinfold thigh.