bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine based remote monitoring after liver transplantation: Feasible in a select group and a more stringent control of immunosuppression
Authors: Koc Özgür Muhammet , Pierco Marleen , Remans Kathleen , Van den Hende Thijs , Verbeek Jef , Van Malenstein Hannah , Van der Merwe Schalk , Robaeys Geert , Monbaliu Diethard , Pirenne Jacques , Van den Bosch Bart , Dobbels Fabienne , Nevens Frederik
Published: October 2021

Telemedicine gained interest in liver transplant patients but focused until now on the early post‐operative period. This prospective cohort study assessed feasibility, safety, and clinical beneficial effects of a telemedicine based remote monitoring program (TRMP) for the chronic follow‐up of adult liver transplant recipients. Between November 2017 and August 2019, a total of 87 of the 115 selected patients (76%) started the TRMP. Over the 2 years study period, none of the patients switched to standard follow‐up: 39/87 (45%) continued to do this autonomously and 48/87 (55%) stopped to report their data personally but communicated their lab values to the nurse. The other 28/115 (11%) patients who did not accept the TRMP continued the standard follow‐up. There was no difference in educational level between the three groups. Remote monitoring did not result in an increase in liver graft rejection and need of hospitalization. TRMP was associated with a higher number of tacrolimus level determinations and tacrolimus blood level concentrations could be kept lower. In conclusion, our results show that in patients with a stable clinical condition there is a high willingness to participate in TRMP and that this approach is safe. Remote monitoring allowed a stringent follow‐up of tacrolimus levels.
Effects of different scenarios of temperature rise and biological control agents on interactions between two noxious invasive plants
Authors: Zhang Xiaoliang , Yu Haihao , Lv Tian , Yang Lei , Liu Chunhua , Fan Shufeng , Yu Dan
Published: October 2021

Aim

An increasing number of exotic plants and their biological control agents are being introduced into new regions. Therefore, it is necessary to study their interactions and to manage the future directions of plant invasions under different scenarios of temperature rise.

Location

China.

Method

We investigated the distribution patterns of the two most prevalent invasive aquatic plants in the world, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Eichhornia crassipes, at a large scale and studied the interactions of both invasive plants with their respective biological control agents, Agasicles hygrophila and Neochetina eichhorniae, in response to different scenarios of temperature rise.

Results

Both plants performed better in warmer climates in common garden experiments. However, large populations of A. philoxeroides occurred only in the temperate zone because this species experienced competitive exclusion from E. crassipes and suppression due to A. hygrophila herbivory in tropical and subtropical areas. Moreover, in both subtropical zones, where the two plants and A. hygrophila co‐occur, and the temperate zone, where only A. philoxeroides occurs at present, A. hygrophila herbivory and the competition from E. crassipes hindered the performance of A. philoxeroides. Moreover, in the extreme high‐temperature environment, A. philoxeroides performance improved, while E. crassipes performance worsened. In addition, the combination of N. eichhorniae herbivory and competition from A. philoxeroides also reduced the performance of E. crassipes, but E. crassipes still dominated when in competition with A. philoxeroides.

Main conclusions

Our results indicate that climate warming and the introduction of herbivores do not alter the interspecific relationship between E. crassipes and A. philoxeroides. Moreover, our study suggests that under climate warming, E. crassipes will replace A. philoxeroides as the dominant species in some communities in warm temperate zones, though extremely high‐temperature events will slow this replacement process.
Comparing survival outcomes for kidney transplant recipients with pre‐existing diabetes versus those who develop post‐transplantation diabetes
Authors: Hussain Azm , Culliford Alice , Phagura Nuvreen , Evison Felicity , Gallier Suzy , Sharif Adnan
Published: October 2021

Introduction

The aim of this study was to compare the management strategy and clinical outcomes for kidney transplant recipients with pre‐transplant versus post‐transplantation diabetes (PTDM) in a contemporary cohort.

Methods

This is a single‐centre, retrospective. observational study of kidney transplant recipients between 2007 and 2018 with follow‐up to 31 December 2020. Data were extracted from hospital electronic patient records, with clinical outcomes linked to national data sets. PTDM was diagnosed by international consensus guidelines. Unadjusted and adjusted survival outcomes were assessed with Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression models, respectively, with PTDM handled as a time‐varying covariate.

Results

Data were analysed for 1,757 kidney transplant recipients, of whom 11.8% (n = 207) had pre‐transplant diabetes, and 13.8% (n = 243) developed PTDM with median time to onset 108 days (IQR 46–549 days). Median follow‐up was 1,839 days (IQR 928–2985 days). Disparate management strategies were observed, although insulin was the commonest glucose‐lowering therapy for all patients with diabetes. In adjusted models, PTDM was associated with lower mortality (HR 0.663, 95% CI 0.543–0.810) and pre‐diabetes with higher mortality (HR 1.675, 95% CI 1.396–2.011). However, if analyses are restricted to those with at least 5‐year follow‐up, then PTDM has no association with mortality (HR 0.771, 95% CI 0.419–1.096), but pre‐transplant diabetes remains associated with higher mortality (HR 2.029, 95% CI 1.367–3.012).

Conclusions

Pre‐transplant diabetes remains associated with increased mortality risk after kidney transplantation, but PTDM effects are time dependent. Development of PTDM should be encouraged as a mandated registry return to study the long‐term impact on survival outcomes.
The predictive role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in determining thalassemia patients with intermediately to highly probable pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Rezaeian Nahid , Asadian Sanaz , Parsaee Mozhgan , Toloueitabar Yaser , Hemmati Komasi Mohammad Mehdi , Shayan Leila , Hosseini Leila
Published: October 2021

Objectives

We sought to determine the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) indicators of intermediately to highly probable pulmonary hypertension (IHpPH) in patients with thalassemia referred for myocardial iron overload assessments to prevent further cardiac complications.

Methods

The study population consisted of 152 patients with thalassemia (major or intermedia) (49.3% women, mean age = 33 ± 10.1 years) who underwent non‐contrast CMR and echocardiographic examinations on the same day. Functional, T2*, and global strain parameters via a feature‐tracking method were extracted from CMR. The probability of PH was defined based on the tricuspid regurgitation velocity and echocardiographic parameters. The catheterization‐derived hemodynamic data of patients with moderate to high probable PH was registered.

Results

Twenty‐two (14.5%) patients suffered from IHpPH. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the right ventricular end‐systolic volume index (RVESVI) was the strongest of all the CMR parameters for the prediction of IHpPH (OR: 1.044, 95% CI: 1.021–1.067). The other powerful IHpPH predictor was age (OR: 1.066, 95% CI: 1.009–1.126). A cutoff point of greater than 47 ml for RVESVI (AUC: .801, 95% CI: .728–.861) was found to predict IHpPH with 73.91% sensitivity and 70.31% specificity. The single most robust CMR‐derived strain parameter for IHpPH prediction was the right ventricular global longitudinal strain (OR: .887, 95% CI: .818–.961). A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Conclusions

Both CMR functional and global strain parameters were strong predictors of IHpPH in our patients with thalassemia.
Fatigue life prediction of structural steel using acoustic birefringence and characteristics of persistent slip bands
Authors: Gonchar Alexander Victorovich , Kurashkin Konstantin Vladimirovich , Andreeva Olga Vyacheslavovna , Anosov Maxim Sergeevich , Klyushnikov Vyacheslav Alexandrovich
Published: October 2021

Nondestructive evaluation methods provide additional information about the material fatigue behavior and enhance the comprehension of damage evolution thanks to relationship between microstructure and physical properties. This paper deals with optical and ultrasonic investigations of structural steel specimens tested for low‐cycle fatigue. The development of persistent slip bands observed on the surface with an optical microscope was quantified using a previously trained neural network and fractal analysis. A surface damage parameter was defined as the ratio of total area of detected slip bands to the area of observed surface. Relationships between the rate of change and critical value of the damage parameter, the strain range, and the fatigue life were established. A single square relationship between relative number of cycles and ratio of the surface damage parameter to its critical value was obtained. Acoustic birefringence was measured by the echo method. The effect of the strain range on the rate of change in acoustic birefringence was investigated. A single linear relationship between relative number of cycles and change in acoustic birefringence was established. An algorithm for predicting the material remaining life, combining optical and ultrasonic data, was proposed.
Patient‐reported symptoms and experience following Guillain‐Barré syndrome and related conditions: Questionnaire development and validation
Authors: Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Akanuwe Joseph N. A. , Botan Vanessa , Laparidou Despina , Curtis Ffion , Jackson Jennifer , Asghar Zahid B. , Hodgson Timothy L.
Published: October 2021

Background

Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare inflammatory peripheral nerve disorder with variable recovery. Evidence is lacking on experiences of people with GBS and measurement of these experiences.

Objective

We aimed to develop and validate an instrument to measure experiences of people with GBS.

Design

We used a cross‐sectional design and online self‐administered questionnaire survey. Question domains, based on a previous systematic review and qualitative study, covered experiences of GBS, symptom severity at each stage, healthcare and factors supporting or hindering recovery. Descriptive, exploratory factor and reliability analyses and multivariable regression analysis were used to investigate the relationships between variables of interest, explore questionnaire reliability and validity and identify factors predicting recovery.

Setting and Participants

People with a previous diagnosis of GBS were recruited through a social media advert.

Results

A total of 291 responders, of different sexes, and marital statuses, were included, with most diagnosed between 2015 and 2019. Factor analysis showed four scales: symptoms, information provided, factors affecting recovery and care received. Positive social interactions, physical activity including physiotherapy and movement, changes made at home and immunoglobulin treatment were important for recovery. Multivariable models showed that immunoglobulin and/or plasma exchange were significant predictors of recovery. Employment and recovery factors (positive interactions, work support and changes at work or home, physical activity and therapy), though associated with recovery, did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion

The questionnaire demonstrated good internal reliability of scales and subscales and construct validity for people following GBS.

Patient Contribution

Patients were involved in developing and piloting the questionnaire.
Antiradical and functional properties of subcritical water extracts from edible mushrooms and from commercial counterparts
Authors: Rodríguez‐Seoane Paula , Torres Perez María Dolores , Fernández de Ana Catalina , Sinde‐Stompel Esteban , Domínguez Herminia
Published: October 2021

This study deals with the antioxidant and functional potential of subcritical water extracts from edible mushrooms, in comparison to commercial products. Pleurotus citrinopileatus extracts showed the highest phenolic content and antioxidant properties. Similar results were determined in commercial extracts of Coriolus versicolor. The highest growth inhibition in selected human carcinogenic cells was identified for the P. citrinopileatus extract obtained during heating up to 160 °C. Rheological studies confirmed that glucan‐based hydrogels prepared with mushroom extracts exhibited enhanced viscoelastic properties compared to those formulated with commercial products. The extracts providing the strongest gels were obtained from Pleurotus eryngii, followed by Hericium erinaceus and Pleurotus citrinopileatus. No water syneresis for the proposed hydrogels was observed. The formulated hydrogels could be interesting for their application in the food sector.
Nomogram predicting testicular torsion in Japanese patients with acute scrotal pain using physical examination findings and environmental conditions: Development and prospective external validation
Authors: Takeshita Hideki , Tachibana Kojiro , Sugiyama Hironori , Kagawa Makoto , Yano Akihiro , Okada Yohei , Morozumi Makoto , Kawakami Satoru
Published: October 2021

Objectives

To develop a prediction tool based on physical findings and environmental conditions without utilizing color Doppler ultrasonography to guide non‐urologists and patients’ families in determining the testicular torsion possibility among patients with acute scrotal pain.

Methods

Overall, 110 consecutive patients aged ≤30 years with acute scrotal pain at Saitama Medical Center between 2012 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Physical examination results, including scrotal inspection, palpation and gait observation, and environmental conditions at pain onset (time range and ambient temperature) were collected. Multivariate analysis identified significant and independent risk factors for testicular torsion, and a nomogram predicting testicular torsion was constructed. The model underwent prospective validation in an independent set of 123 consecutive patients admitted with acute scrotal pain to our institution between 2015 and 2017.

Results

Testicular torsion diagnosis rates were 27% (30/110) and 26% (32/123) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed four risk factors for developing testicular torsion: abnormal testicular position, walking difficulty, midnight to early morning onset and ambient temperature <15°C at pain onset. The constructed nomogram showed that the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.92 and 0.84 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration plot showed an acceptable fitness between the predicted probability and the observed rate of testicular torsion.

Conclusions

A novel nomogram was developed solely based on physical findings and environmental conditions to predict testicular torsion in Japanese patients with acute scrotal pain.
Patterns and determinants of lichen abundance and diversity across a subarctic to arctic latitudinal gradient
Authors: Chagnon Catherine , Simard Martin , Boudreau Stéphane
Published: October 2021

Aim

Lichens are a major component of Arctic biodiversity. However, they appear vulnerable to climate change, as they are exposed to warmer temperatures and increased competition with vascular plants. Our study aims to evaluate lichen cover, species richness, functional diversity and community composition among the dominant vegetation types along a 640‐km latitudinal gradient, and to identify environmental determinants related to patterns in lichen communities.

Location

From subarctic (56°N) to arctic (62°N) Nunavik (Québec, Canada).

Taxon

Lichens.

Methods

We characterized macrolichen communities at the species level in 42 sites across a latitudinal gradient, and identified latitudinal trends in lichen cover, species richness and functional diversity. Using linear models and distance‐based redundancy analysis, we investigated the effect of climate, vegetation, topography and soil characteristics on lichen communities.

Results

Lichen cover and species richness were the lowest at high latitudes, while functional diversity increased with increasing latitude. Vegetation types and surficial deposits were strongly related to lichen cover and richness. However, these factors did not influence functional diversity, which was mainly driven by climatic conditions.

Main conclusion

Our results highlight the importance of vegetation structure in lichen communities and corroborate the negative relationship between vascular plant abundance and lichen abundance and species richness. While we found no influence of vegetation structure on lichen functional diversity, further studies using targeted functional traits are needed to accurately investigate the impact of ongoing changes in northern vegetation on ecosystem functioning.
Mutational profiling of low‐grade gliomas identifies prognosis and immunotherapy‐related biomarkers and tumour immune microenvironment characteristics
Authors: Lin Wen‐wen , Ou Guan‐yong , Zhao Wei‐jiang
Published: October 2021

Low‐grade glioma (LGG) is a heterogeneous tumour with the median survival rate less than 10 years. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient immunotherapy strategies of LGG. In this study, we analysed mutation profiles based on the data of 510 LGG patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and investigated the prognostic value of mutated genes and evaluate their immune infiltration. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was used to indicate the characteristics of gliomas that respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis was performed to identify indicators to construct the nomogram model. 485 (95.47%) of 508 LGG samples showed gene mutation, and 9 mutated genes were significantly related to overall survival (OS), among which 6 mutated genes were significantly correlated with OS between mutation and wildtypes. Immune infiltration and immune score analyses revealed that these six mutated genes were significantly associated with tumour immune microenvironment in LGG. The response of LGG with different characteristics to ICB was evaluated by TIDE algorithm. Finally, CIC gene was screened through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and the nomogram model was established to determine the potential prognostic value of CIC in LGG. Our study provides comprehensive analysis of mutated genes in LGG, supporting modulation of mutated genes in the management of LGG.
Yes‐associated protein is essential for proliferative vitreoretinopathy development via the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in retinal pigment epithelial fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Jing
Published: October 2021

This study was aim to investigate whether the progression of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) depended on the activation of Yes‐associated protein (YAP) and the subsequent epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell. The effect of YAP activation on retinal fibrosis in a PVR mouse model and in human ARPE‐19 cells in vitro was studied. After treated with transforming growth factor‐β2(TGF‐β2), the expressions of fibrogenic molecules, YAP activation and the TGF‐β2‐Smad signalling pathway in ARPE‐19 cells were detected by Western blot and immunocytochemical analyses. The effect of YAP on change in fibrosis and EMT was tested by knockdown experiment using verteporfin (YAP inhibitor). YAP was upregulated in the PVR mouse model and during TGF‐β2–induced RPE cell EMT. In an in vivo study, verteporfin attenuated PVR progression in a mouse model. Additionally, YAP knockdown retained phenotype of RPE cells and ameliorated TGF‐β2–induced migration, gel contraction and EMT in vitro. YAP knockdown inhibited the TGF‐β2–induced upregulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), smooth muscle actin (SMA‐α) and fibronectin. YAP was essential for the TGF‐β2–induced nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of Smad2/3. Our work provides direct evidence that YAP is an essential regulator of EMT and profibrotic responses in PVR and indicates that YAP inhibition could be a potential target in PVR therapeutic intervention.
Periodontal disease and a poor response to periodontal treatment were associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes: A longitudinal cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Holmlund Anders , Lind Lars
Published: October 2021

Aim

To investigate whether periodontal disease or the response to periodontal treatment could influence the risk of future diabetes.

Materials and methods

The eligible population consisted of 8983 individuals referred for periodontal treatment between 1980 and 2015. Diabetes incidence was obtained from the Swedish registers for cause of death, hospital discharge, and national diabetes registers.

Data concerning treatment outcome 1 year after treatment were available for 5258 individuals. Poor response to treatment was defined as having >10% sites with probing pocket depth ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) at ≥20% of the sites.

Results

Among the 8983 individuals during a median follow‐up of 21.3 years, 1117 cases of diabetes occurred. The number of teeth and BOP at baseline were significantly associated with incident diabetes in a dose‐dependent manner after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, education level, and civil status [incident rate ratio (IRR) = 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–0.93), p < .001 and IRR = 1.06 (95% CI 1.02–1.11), p = .003, respectively].

Poor response to treatment (14%) was associated with an increased risk (37%) for future diabetes (95% CI 1.12–1.68, p = .002) compared with good responders.

Conclusions

Periodontal disease with increased tooth loss and BOP, as well as poor response to treatment, was associated with an increased risk for diabetes.
Dangers of a double‐bottom line? A poverty targeting experiment misses both targets
Authors: Karlan Dean , Osman Adam , Zinman Jonathan
Published: October 2021

Two for‐profit Philippine banks, aiming to increasing microlending to the poor, incorporated a widely used poverty measurement tool into their loan applications and tested the tool using randomized training content. Treated loan officers were provided an explanation of the tool's purpose; exhortation tying the tool to the organizations' social missions; and reassurance that these data, conditional on other characteristics, do not predict default and thus should not jeopardize incentive pay based on portfolio performance. The control group training merely labeled the tool “additional household information.” The strategy backfired, leading to no additional poor applicants and potentially lower‐performing loans. Descriptive evidence suggests the training exacerbated loan officer misperceptions about compensation incentives and multitasking problems. This cautionary tale is an example of why management may want include social outcomes directly into employee performance evaluations, or silo corporate social responsibility efforts from core operations.
Synaptotagmin‐11 inhibits spontaneous neurotransmission through vti1a
Authors: Li Wan‐Ru , Wang Ya‐Long , Li Chao , Gao Pei , Zhang Fei‐Fan , Hu Meiqin , Li Jing‐Chen , Zhang Shuli , Li Rena , Zhang Claire Xi
Published: October 2021

Recent work has revealed that spontaneous release plays critical roles in the central nervous system, but how it is regulated remains elusive. Here, we report that synaptotagmin‐11 (Syt11), a Ca2+‐independent Syt isoform associated with schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, suppressed spontaneous release. Syt11‐knockout hippocampal neurons showed an increased frequency of miniature excitatory post‐synaptic currents while over‐expression of Syt11 inversely decreased the frequency. Neither knockout nor over‐expression of Syt11 affected the average amplitude, suggesting the pre‐synaptic regulation of spontaneous neurotransmission by Syt11. Glutathione S‐transferase pull‐down, co‐immunoprecipitation, and affinity‐purification experiments demonstrated a direct interaction of Syt11 with vps10p‐tail‐interactor‐1a (vti1a), a non‐canonical SNARE protein that maintains spontaneous release. Importantly, knockdown of vti1a reversed the phenotype of Syt11 knockout, identifying vti1a as the main target of Syt11 inhibition. Domain analysis revealed that the C2A domain of Syt11 bound vti1a with high affinity. Consistently, expression of the C2A domain alone rescued the phenotype of elevated spontaneous release in Syt11‐knockout neurons similar to the full‐length protein. Altogether, our results suggest that Syt11 inhibits vti1a‐containing vesicles during spontaneous release.

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Perception of smell of a perfume applied to the women skin in course of menstrual cycle
Authors: Chróst Natalia , Mościcka Patrycja , Pliszka Klaudia , Piskorz Wiktoria Monika , Terlikowski Robert , Jamiołkowski Jacek , Przylipiak Andrzej
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Perfumes are the cosmetics applied to the skin. Body odor has been shown to be attractive in the fertile days in non‐user of contraception. However, contraception pill intake destroy cyclic attractiveness of odors.

Aim

The aim was to test attractiveness and intensiveness of perfume applied to the female skin in course of menstrual cycle.

Material and methods

Diluted vanilla extract was applied on forearm of 18 women (9 women users of contraception and 9 non‐users of contraception). Thirty minutes occlusion samples were collected and judged for its attractiveness and intensity by 25 men. Samples were collected at 1st, 8th, 14th, and 22nd day of cyclus.

Results

Attractiveness of smell of perfume in women, which use contraceptive was statistically significantly higher than in non‐user. Furthermore, attractiveness of smell at 15th day of menstrual cycle was second best when perfume was applied in women, which use contraceptive.

Conclusions

Perfume on the skin of women, which apply contraceptive, smell better than on non‐contraceptive‐user skin. Moreover, women body odor together with perfume is highly attractive in contraceptive‐user in the middle of the cyclus.
Association of a novel Granulocyte‐Macrophage Colony‐Stimulating Factor (GM‐CSF)‐3928C/T and GM‐CSF(3606T⁄C) Promoter gene polymorphisms with the pathogenesis and severity of acne vulgaris: A case‐controlled study
Authors: Abdelaal Essam Bakr , Abdelsamie Heba Mahmoud , Attia Shady Mahmoud , Amr Khalda Sayed , Eldahshan Ramadan M. , Elsaie Mohamed L.
Published: October 2021

Background

Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) is believed to play an important role in the development of acne vulgaris.

Aim of the Work

To investigate the presence of GM‐CSF 3928C/T and GM‐CSF 3606 T/C promoter gene polymorphisms in Egyptian acne patients.

Methods

To examine whether GM‐CSF single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with susceptibility to acne vulgaris (AV), we investigated the genotype and allele frequencies of the SNP 3928C/T and 3606T⁄C of the GM‐CSF gene in 100 Egyptian acne patients (29 with mild acne, 38 with moderate acne, and 33 with severe acne) and 100 controls, using a PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.

Results

There was a highly significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of the 3928C/T group between patients with acne vulgaris and controls for the SNP site. Regarding the 3606 T/C subgroup only a marginal significant difference was found between cases and controls in TC pattern (p = 0.039); with the TC genotype appearing more in cases (53% of patients) than controls (35% of healthy controls).

Conclusion

We report a novel GM‐CSF 3928C/T promoter gene polymorphism contributing to the pathogenesis of acne in Egyptian population.
Subjective sleep quality and temporomandibular disorders: Systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Roithmann Camila Caspary , Silva Carlos Augusto Gomes da , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal , Grossi Márcio Lima
Published: October 2021

Study objectives

To assess the general subjective sleep quality in individuals with and without TMD, and its distribution among the TMD diagnostic groups.

Methods

A systematic review search was performed in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science, SciELO, CINAHL and Cochrane Central as well as in the grey literature. Observational studies published since 1992 which used either the DC/TMD or RDC/TMD for TMD diagnosis and either the PSQI, SAQ or ESS questionnaires for sleep assessment were included. Articles selected for meta‐analysis underwent quality, heterogeneity and publication bias evaluation.

Results

A total of 1071 articles were found by online search, and 10 articles were added manually. For full‐text reading, 138 papers were selected. Thirty‐six articles were included in the final review, and 19 in the meta‐analysis (PSQI only). Subjective sleep quality was shown to be associated with all RDC/TMD or DC/TMD Axis I diagnostic groups: muscle disorders, arthralgia/osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis and disk displacements; with the highest association in the first two groups, and the lowest in the last one. A 4.45 times increased odds ratio of TMD prevalence was found for individuals who presented poor subjective sleep quality.

Conclusion

Subjective sleep quality should be considered in the management of TMD.
Evaluation of headaches in primary brain calcification in Japan
Authors: Kurita Hisaka , Ozawa Kazuhiro , Yamada Megumi , Inden Masatoshi , Hirata Koichi , Hozumi Isao
Published: October 2021

Background

Primary brain calcification (PBC) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bilateral calcification in the brain. No nationwide survey on headache has been performed in Japan.

Aim

A questionnaire survey was performed to clarify the situation of headache in PBC patients.

Methods

The first questionnaire survey was conducted on 173 patients diagnosed as having PBC in Japan. Subsequently, the second survey was performed using two types of questionnaire: Headache Impact Test (HIT‐6) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS).

Results

In the first survey, 27 of 82 patients had headaches. Only one patient was able to be classified in accordance with the criteria as having migraine without aura. In the second survey, 10 of 17 patients showed a significant score of 50 and higher in HIT‐6, and five of 17 patients showed a significant score of 6 and higher in MIDAS. No significant correlation was found between total calcification score and HIT‐6 score or MIDAS score in the second survey. All patients carrying the PDGFB variant and two of three patients carrying the SLC20A2 variant showed some effects of headache on their daily life as judged from their MIDAS scores or HIT‐6 score.

Conclusions

The headaches in PBC patients could not be classified as the primary headache. Those headaches in PBC patients may be of the secondary headache caused by the dysfunction of the blood‐brain barrier. This first report on headaches of Japanese patients with PBC will contribute to the understanding of PBC patients' difficulties in their daily lives.
Tibial Cortex Transverse Distraction Followed by Open Correction with Internal Fixation for Management of Foot and Ankle Deformity with Ulcers
Authors: Li Ya‐xing , Liu Xi , Chen Yu , Gan Ting‐jiang , Qin Bo‐quan , Ren Yi , Zhang Hui
Published: October 2021

Objective

To assess the feasibility and results of tibial cortex transverse distraction (TCTD) followed by open correction with internal fixation (OCIF) for foot and ankle deformity with concurrent ulcers.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted. Between 2010 and 2019, a two‐stage management of TCTD followed by OCIF was performed in 13 patients (13 feet). There were five males and eight females with a mean age of 33.8 ± 14.6 years. Ten patients had a right‐side lesion, and three patients had a left‐side lesion. The etiology of deformity included seven cases of congenital neurological disease, one case of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, one case of trauma sequelae, and three cases of myelomeningocele. Duration of disease, size of ulcers, surgical procedures, healing time, external fixation time, and complications of these patients were recorded. The Texas wound classification and National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) classification were used for assessing the ulcers. The modified Dimeglio score of deformity and American Orthopeadic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot score were applied to evaluate the status before treatment and the results at final follow‐up.

Results

The TCTD and wound debridement were performed in all patients, and an additional Ilizarov correction technique was added in two patients. All ulcers were healed in 3 months after first‐stage treatment. The median patient self‐report time of ulcer healing was 2.0 weeks (IQR, 1.8–3.3). The median external fixation time was 138.0 days (IQR, 134.5–141.5) days. After second‐stage operative correction, the patients were followed‐up for an average of 28.0 ± 2.9 months. At the final follow‐up, the modified Dimeglio score of deformity was decreased from 6.7 ± 2.1 to 1 (IQR, 0.0–1.0), and the mean AOFAS score was improved from 42.9 ± 19.1 to 82.6 ± 7.7. Before the treatment, there were eight patients with severe deformity, four patients with moderate deformity, and one patient with mild deformity. Postoperatively, seven patients were classified as mild deformity and six patients had a postural foot. The results of AOFAS ankle‐hindfoot score were defined as excellent in three patients, as good in five, and as fair in five. Complications include one case of mild displacement of the osteotomized cortex and one case of pin‐tract infection. No delayed union, nonunion, relapse of ulcers, or deformity were observed.

Conclusions

The two‐stage management of TCTD followed by OCIF could be considered as an alternative treatment for foot and ankle deformities combined with chronic ulcers.
Desirable or deceitful? How social exchange dynamics shape responses to pro‐coworker unethical behavior
Authors: Welsh David T. , Baer Michael D. , Kim Ji Koung , Thiel Chase , Smith Isaac H.
Published: October 2021

There is substantial evidence that employees build relationships with coworkers who provide them with assistance and distance themselves from coworkers who behave unethically. We consider how employees respond when coworkers provide them with benefits that violate ethical standards—a phenomenon we refer to as pro‐coworker unethical behavior (PCUB). Building on social exchange theory, we explore how recipients of PCUB may simultaneously experience both a sense of increased indebtedness toward their coworker, given the beneficial nature of PCUB, and reduced perceptions of their coworker's integrity, given the unethical nature of PCUB. We theorize that these diverging reactions will have countervailing indirect effects on the social exchange relationship between the recipient and PCUB provider. In turn, these effects on the social exchange relationship will influence whether the recipient responds favorably toward the provider, in the form of interpersonal citizenship. Our theoretical model incorporates the PCUB provider's prosocial versus self‐interested motives as a critical contingency that shapes recipients’ perceptions of indebtedness and integrity. The results of a multi‐wave field study of employee–coworker dyads and an experimental study provide converging support for our hypothesized model.
Social Perception of Systemic Risks
Authors: Schweizer Pia‐Johanna , Goble Robert , Renn Ortwin
Published: October 2021

The article distinguishes between two types of risks: conventional and systemic risks. Conventional risks can be contained in space and time, follow linear cause–effect relationships and can be addressed with effective and pointed interventions into the cause–effect chain. Systemic risks, however, are characterized by high complexity, transboundary effects, stochastic relationships, nonlinear cause–effect patterns with tipping points, and are often associated with less public attention than they require. The article addresses the reasons why systemic risks seem to be attenuated in public perception. The article goes on to consider how the social amplification of risk framework is useful in the context of systemic risks and describes needed extensions of that framework. It identifies practical tools for assessing the significance of perceptions for systemic risk situations. Finally, it argues that a graphic representation and simulation of evolving systemic risks and potential countermeasures as well as a participatory deliberative approach of inclusive risk governance are suitable governance strategies for preventing, mitigating, or managing systemic risks.
Coordination Numbers of Bivalent Ions in Organic Solvents
Authors: Orekhov M. A.
Published: October 2021

Molecular dynamic models are created for properties of bivalent ions in organic solvents. It is shown that molecules of the considered solvents bound to ions via oxygen atoms. A theoretical model is developed that describes the ion coordination number. The coordination number in this model is determined by the ratio between the sizes of the ion and the atom organic molecule bound to it. It is shown that the coordination number depends weakly on the solvent and strongly on the type of ion. A value of 0.13 nm is obtained for the effective size of an oxygen atom bound to a bivalent ion. The constructed theoretical model agrees with the results from molecular dynamic calculations and the available experimental data.
Interesting presentation of a broad complex tachycardia during the head up tilt table test
Authors: Khan Muhammad Taha , Hameed Aamir , Saeed Yawer
Published: October 2021

Broad complex tachycardia (BCT) during head up tilt test (HUTT) is infrequent. Electrophysiology Study (EPS) plays an important part in further differentiation of BCT. We present a case of BCT during HUTT in a patient presenting with presyncope which later on EPS with 3D mapping was diagnosed as ventricular tachycardia. This case highlights the unusual occurrence of BCT during HUTT, the differential diagnosis of BCT and the utility of EPS to reliably identify the type and origin of BCT.
An explicit plethora of soliton solutions for a new microtubules transmission lines model: A fractional comparison
Authors: Raza Nauman , Alhussain Ziyad A.
Published: October 2021

This paper introduces a new fractional electrical microtubules transmission lines model in the sense of Atangana–Baleanu and beta derivatives to comprehend nonlinear dynamics of the governing system. This structure possesses one of the most important parts in cellular process biology and fractional parameter incorporates the memory effects in microtubules. Also, microtubules are extremely beneficial in cell motility, signaling and intracellular transport. The new extended direct algebraic method is a compelling and persuasive integrating scheme to extract soliton solutions. The retrieved solutions include dark, bright and singular solitons. This model executes a prominent part in exhibiting the wave transmission in nonlinear systems. The novelty and advantage of the proposed method are portrayed by applying it to this model and its dynamical behavior is depicted by 3D and 2D plots. A comparative study of two fractional derivatives at distinct fractional parameter values and graphics of sensitivity analysis is also carried out in this paper.
Sanctions, Perceptions, and Crime
Authors: Apel Robert
Published: October 2021

The interplay of sanctions, perceptions, and crime has special significance in criminology and is central to a long tradition of perceptual deterrence research as well as to more recent scholarship on crime decision-making. This article seeks to review this body of research as it pertains to three basic questions. First, are people's perceptions of punishment accurate? The evidence indicates that people are generally but imperfectly aware of punishments allowed under the law but are nevertheless sensitive to changes in enforcement, especially of behaviors that are personally relevant. Second, does potential apprehension affect people's perceived risk and behavior when faced with a criminal opportunity? A highly varied body of literature supports the conclusion that perceptions are sensitive to situational cues and that behavior is sensitive to perceived risk, but these links can be weakened when individuals are in emotionally or socially charged situations. Third, do people revise their risk perceptions in response to crime and punishment experiences? Studies of perceptual change support the contention that people systematically update their perceptions based on their own and others’ experiences with crime and punishment.
Genetic Background of Antimicrobial Resistance in Multiantimicrobial‐Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Feces of Healthy Broiler Chickens in Tunisia
Authors: Abbassi Mohamed Salah , Kilani Hajer , Abid Islem , Sáenz Yolanda , Hynds Paul , Lengliz Sana , Ben Chehida Noureddine , Boutiba-Ben Boubaker Ilhem
Published: October 2021

Multiantimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli isolates are a global human health problem causing increasing morbidity and mortality. Genes encoding antimicrobial resistance are mainly harbored on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as transposons and plasmids as well as integrons, which enhance their rapid spread. The aim of this study was to characterize 83 multiantimicrobial‐resistant E. coli isolates recovered from healthy broiler chickens. Among 78 tetracycline‐resistant isolates, the tetA, tetB, and tetC genes were detected in 59 (75.6%), 14 (17.9%), and one (1.2%) isolates, respectively. The sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes were detected 31 (46.2%), 16 (23.8%), and 6 (8.9%) isolates, respectively, among 67 sulfonamide‐resistant isolates. The PCR‐based replicon typing method showed plasmids in 29 isolates, IncFIB (19), IncI1‐Iγ (17), IncF (14), IncK (14), IncFIC (10), IncP (8), IncY (3), IncHI2 (1), and IncX (1). The class 1 and 2 integrons were detected in 57 and 2 isolates, respectively; one isolate harbored both integrons. Seven and one gene cassette arrays were identified in class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. Our findings show that multiantimicrobial‐resistant E. coli isolates from chickens serve as reservoirs of highly diverse and abundant tet and sul genes and plasmid replicons. Such isolates and MGEs pose a potential health threat to the public and animal farming.
Novel Nonlinear Control and Optimization Strategies for Hybrid Renewable Energy Conversion System
Authors: Jai Andaloussi Z. , Raihani A. , El Magri A. , Lajouad R. , El Fadili A.
Published: October 2021

This article deals with a hybrid renewable energy conversion system (HRECS) interconnected to the three-phase grid in association with their power conversion components, i.e., AC/DC rectifier and DC/AC inverter. The HRECS is built around a permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine generator and a photovoltaic energy conversion system. Comparing to traditional control methods, a new multiobjective control strategy is developed to enhance system performances. This makes it possible to account in addition to optimal turbine speed regulation and PV-MPPT and three other important control objectives such as DC-link voltage regulation and the injected reactive power in the grid. To achieve these objectives, a novel control strategy is developed, based on a nonlinear model of the whole “converters-generators” association. The robustness and the stability analysis of the system have been proved using the Lyapunov theory and precisely the backstepping control and the sliding mode control. The performances of the proposed controllers are formally analyzed with respect to standard control solutions illustrated through simulation.
Sharp Bounds for Generalized
m
-Linear
n
-Dimensional
p
-Adic Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya Operator
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Xiran , He Qianjun
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we study the sharp bounds for the generalized

m

-linear

n

-dimensional

p

-adic Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya operator on central and noncentral

p

-adic Morrey spaces with power weight. As an application, the sharp bounds for the

p

-adic Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya operator on corresponding Morrey spaces are obtained. These results generalize substantially some well-known results.
Convergence Classes of
L
-Filters in

L
,
M

-Fuzzy Topological Spaces
Authors: Yang Ting , Li Sheng-Gang , Zhu William , Yang Xiao-Fei , Khalil Ahmed Mostafa
Published: October 2021

An

L
,
M

-fuzzy topological convergence structure on a set

X

is a mapping which defines a degree in

M

for any

L

-filter (of crisp degree) on

X

to be convergent to a molecule in

L

X

. By means of

L

,

M

-fuzzy topological neighborhood operators, we show that the category of

L
,
M

-fuzzy topological convergence spaces is isomorphic to the category of

L
,
M

-fuzzy topological spaces. Moreover, two characterizations of

L

-topological spaces are presented and the relationship with other convergence spaces is concretely constructed.
A Novel Evaluation Method of Hydrogen Production from Coal Based on AHP and GRA‐TOPSIS
Authors: Zhong Shuheng , Yang Kangdi , Wang Yongji
Published: October 2021

Coal is the cornerstone of China′s energy. However, with the proposed goal of carbon peak and carbon‐neutral in China, coal enterprises are in urgent need of exploring the path of transformation. Coal to hydrogen is an important way to achieve sustainable development of the coal industry. In this paper, four hydrogen production technologies, including coal gasification, coke oven gas, electrolytic water, and solar energy, are studied. A comprehensive evaluation model based on GRA‐TOPSIS was constructed. The research shows that the coke oven gas is the most suitable hydrogen production technology for the transformation and development of coal enterprises. The evaluation model of hydrogen production technology in the transformation and development of coal enterprises constructed in this paper has a certain guiding effect on the technology selection of coal enterprises in the development of the hydrogen industry.
Experimental Study on Different Types of Curves for Ride Comfort in Automated Vehicles
Authors: Hashimoto Naohisa , Takinami Yusuke , Yamamoto Makoto
Published: October 2021

Vehicle automation is among the best possible solutions for traffic issues, including traffic accidents, traffic jams, and energy consumption. However, the user acceptance of automated vehicles is critical and is affected by riding comfort. In addition, human factors in automated vehicle control should be clear. This study evaluates the effect of different courses on driving comfort in automated vehicles using field experiments with 25 subjects. This study focused on lateral motion, but speed control was not targeted. Further, generating a path for obstacle avoidance and lane keeping, which have several constraining conditions, was also not targeted. Rendering a comfortable path is beneficial for developing an acceptable system as a car developer and for building new curves for automated or driving assistance systems from the perspective of construction. The automated vehicle drove at a speed of 30 km/h on four courses, namely, clothoid, two types of spline curves, and arc, based on the real intersection. Each participant sat on both the driver and passenger seat and answered a questionnaire. The experimental data indicated the clothoid course to be the most comfortable, while the arc was most uncomfortable for a significance level of 1%. These tendencies are applicable to driver and passenger seats, all genders, and experiences and will be beneficial for human factor research in automated vehicle control.