bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Establishment and Application of Digital Twin for a Phase-Shift Full-Bridge Current Doubling Rectifier Converter
Authors: Liu Guihua , Wang Xinyang , Wang Mingyi , Wang Wei
Published: January 2023

In order to improve the safety and reliability of airborne power supply and distribution system, a digital twin of a phase-shift full-bridge current doubling rectifier converter based on gallium nitride metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (GaN MOSFET) is built. The digital twin can be regarded as virtual symmetry of the real converter. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to compare the voltage and current waveforms of the real converter with relative waveforms of its digital model established in simulation software, and the interior parameters of the model are constantly updated until the waveforms of the digital twin coincide with that of the converter. Applications of this digital twin are discussed through experimental verification, and the results show that the digital twin can deduce the parameter value of key components of the converter in the case of soft faults. In the case of hard faults, a back propagating artificial neural net (BP ANN) is trained by data collected from the digital twin, and the BP ANN is able to identify different running states of the converter. The outcomes of this paper present a non-intrusive and high real-time method of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of airborne HVDC power supply system.
Semi-Analytical Approach in BiER4BP for Exploring the Stable Positioning of the Elements of a Dyson Sphere
Authors: Ershkov Sergey , Leshchenko Dmytro , Prosviryakov Evgeniy Yu.
Published: January 2023

In this study, we present a new approach with semi-analytical and numerical findings for solving equations of motion of small orbiter m, which is moving under the combined gravitational attraction of three primaries, M1, M2, and M3, in case of the bi-elliptic restricted problem of four bodies (BiER4BP), where three such primaries, M1, M2, and M3, are moving on elliptic orbits with hierarchical configuration M3 << M2 << M1 within one plane as follows: third primary body M3 is moving on elliptical orbit around second M2, and second primary M2 is moving on elliptical orbit around first M1. Our aim for constructing the aforementioned quasi-planar motion of planetoid m is obtaining its coordinates supporting its orbit in a regime of close motion to the plane of orbiting the main bodies M1, M2, and M3. Meanwhile, the system of equations of motion was successfully numerically explored with respect to the existence and stable positioning of approximate solution for a Dyson sphere. As a result, the concept of the Dyson sphere for possible orbiting variety of solar energy absorbers was transformed to the elongated Dyson space net with respect to their trajectories for the successful process of absorbing the energy from the Sun; this can be recognized as symmetry reduction. We obtain the following: (1) the solution for coordinates {x, y} is described by the simplified system of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations of second order, depending on true anomaly f; (2) the expression for coordinate z is given by an equation of Riccati-type where small orbiter that quasi-oscillates close to the fixed plane {x,y,0}.
Solvent Effects and Metal Ion Recognition in Several Azulenyl-Vinyl-Oxazolones
Authors: Homocianu Mihaela , Airinei Anton , Matica Ovidiu-Teodor , Cristea Mihaela , Ungureanu Eleonora-Mihaela
Published: January 2023

The spectral properties of several azulene-oxazolone derivatives containing a phenyloxazolone moiety linked to a substituted azulene ring via a C=C double bond were studied in different solvents of varying polarity. The solvatochromism and the ability of azulene-oxazolone derivatives to recognize heavy metal ions were investigated. In order to estimate the contribution of the non-specific and specific solute–solvent interactions, multiple linear regression analysis using Kamlet–Taft, Catalan and Laurence parameters was applied. These azulene derivatives demonstrate positive solvatochromism. The methyl and isopropyl substituents at the seven-membered azulene ring determine the highest red shifts of the absorption maxima of these azulenyl-vinyl-oxazolones. According to Catalan and Laurence models, the solvent polarizability is a more significant parameter in describing the solvatochromic properties of the azulene-oxazolone derivatives. The azulene-oxazolone compounds under study showed a good response to heavy metal cations (Cd2+, Hg2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+).
Density-Induced Hadron–Quark Crossover via the Formation of Cooper Triples
Authors: Tajima Hiroyuki , Tsutsui Shoichiro , Doi Takahiro M. , Iida Kei
Published: January 2023

We discuss the hadron–quark crossover accompanied by the formation of Cooper triples (three-body counterpart of Cooper pairs) by analogy with the Bose–Einstein condensate to Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer crossover in two-component fermionic systems. Such a crossover is different from a phase transition, which often involves symmetry breaking. We calculate the in-medium three-body energy from the three-body T-matrix with a phenomenological three-body force characterizing a bound hadronic state in vacuum. With increasing density, the hadronic bound-state pole smoothly undergoes a crossover toward the Cooper triple phase where the in-medium three-body clusters coexist with the quark Fermi sea. The relation to the quarkyonic matter model can also be found in a natural manner.
On a New Subclass of q-Starlike Functions Defined in q-Symmetric Calculus
Authors: Razzaque Asima , Noor Saima , Hussain Saqib
Published: January 2023

Geometric function theory combines geometric tools and their applications for information and communication analysis. It is also successfully used in the field of advanced signals, image processing, machine learning, speech and sound recognition. Various new subclasses of analytic functions have been defined using quantum calculus to investigate many interesting properties of these subclasses. This article defines a new class of q-starlike functions in the open symmetric unit disc ∇ using symmetric quantum calculus. Extreme points for this class as well as coefficient estimates and closure theorems have been investigated. By fixing several coefficients finitely, all results were generalized into families of analytic functions.
Insecticidal Activities of Sophora flavescens Alt. towards Red Imported Fire Ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren)
Authors: Tian Yongqing , Zhang Zhixiang
Published: January 2023

The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) is a worldwide invasive and dangerous insect that is controlled mainly by chemical insecticides. Plant-derived insecticidal compounds are generally better than synthetic insecticides for environmental compatibility and the biosafety of non-targets. The toxicity of the ethanol extract of Sophora flavescens roots against S. invicta was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The ethanol extract showed toxicity against minor and medium workers of S. invicta with 7-day LC50 values of 1426.25 and 2292.60 mg/L, respectively. By bioactivity-directed chromatographic separations using the minor worker as the test insect, two active compounds, matrine and sophocarpine, were isolated from the S. flavescens total alkaloids; their chemical structure was identified by 13C NMR data. Matrine showed toxicities against minor and medium workers with 7-day LC50 values of 46.77 and 71.49 mg/L, respectively, and for sophocarpine, 50.08 and 85.87 mg/L, respectively. The two compounds could substantially reduce the foraging response, food consumption, and aggregation of S. invicta workers at a sublethal concentration of 15 mg/L. The present research suggests that S. flavescens roots have potential as a natural control agent for red imported fire ants.
Clinical Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients during the Omicron Wave
Authors: Herting Anna , Jahnke-Triankowski Jacqueline , Harberts Aenne , Schaub Golda M. , Lütgehetmann Marc , Ruether Darius F. , Fischer Lutz , Addo Marylyn M. , Lohse Ansgar W. , Schulze zur Wiesch Julian , Sterneck Martina
Published: January 2023

At the start of the pandemic, liver transplant recipients (LTR) were at high risk of developing severe COVID-19. Here, the outcomes of breakthrough infections in fully vaccinated LTR (n = 98) during the Omicron wave were assessed. In most patients, a mild disease course was observed, but 11 LTR (11.2%) required hospitalization for COVID-19-related complications. All patients survived. The LTR requiring hospitalization were older (67 years vs. 54 years; p < 0.001), had a higher Charlson comorbidity index (9 vs. 5; p < 0.001), and a lower anti-S RBD titer (Roche Elecsys) prior to infection (508.3 AU/mL vs. 2044 AU/mL; p = 0.03). Long-lasting symptoms for ≥4 weeks were reported by 37.5% of LTR (30/80). Risk factors in LTR included female sex (p = 0.01; Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.92 (95% confidence interval (CI) (1.5–16.5)) and dyspnea (p = 0.009; OR = 7.2 (95% CI (1.6–31.6)) during infection. Post-infection high anti-S RBD antibody levels were observed in LTR, and healthy controls (HC), while the cellular immune response, assessed by interferon-gamma release assay (EUROIMMUN), was significantly lower in LTR compared with HC (p < 0.001). In summary, in fully vaccinated LTR, SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the Omicron wave led to mild disease courses in the majority of patients and further boosted the humoral and cellular hybrid anti-SARS-CoV-2-directed immune response. While all patients survived, older and multimorbid LTR with low baseline antibody titers after vaccination still had a substantial risk for a disease course requiring hospitalization due to COVID-19-related complications.
Biophysical Properties of Bifunctional Phage-Biosensor
Authors: Juusti Vilhelmiina , Kulpakko Janne , Cudjoe Elizabeth , Pimenoff Ville N. , Hänninen Pekka
Published: January 2023

Biosensor research is a swiftly growing field for developing rapid and precise analytical devices for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and industrial use and beyond. Herein, we propose a phage-based biosensor method to develop a sensitive and specific system for biomedical detection. Our method is based on in vitro selected phages and their interaction with the targeted analytes as well as on optical properties that change according to the concentration of the model analyte. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was chosen as our model analyte as it has its own well-known optical properties. Brilliant green was used as a reporter component for the sensor. Its presence enables a color intensity (absorbance) change when the analyte is present in the solution. Furthermore, the reporter dye functioned as a quencher for an additional lanthanide label in our assay. It mediated the specific phage-derived interference in the signal measured with the time-resolved luminescence. Most importantly, our results confirmed that the presented bifunctional phage with its liquid crystal properties enabled the measurement of GFP in a concentration-dependent, quantitative manner with a limit of detection of 0.24 µg/mL. In the future, our novel method to develop phage-based biosensors may provide highly sensitive and specific biosensors for biomedical or otherwise-relevant targets.
The Frequency and Function of NKG2C+CD57+ Adaptive NK Cells in Cytomagalovirus Co-Infected People Living with HIV Decline with Duration of Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Alsulami Khlood , Dupuy Franck P. , Gilbert Louise , Messier-Peet Marc , Durand Madeleine , Tremblay Cécile , Routy Jean-Pierre , Bruneau Julie , Baril Jean-Guy , Trottier Benoit , Bernard Nicole F.
Published: January 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection drives the expansion and differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells with adaptive-like features. We investigated whether age and time on antiretroviral therapy (ART) influenced adaptive NK cell frequency and functionality. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the frequency of adaptive and conventional NK cells in 229 CMV+ individuals of whom 170 were people living with HIV (PLWH). The frequency of these NK cell populations producing CD107a, CCL4, IFN-γ or TNF-α was determined following a 6-h antibody dependent (AD) stimulation. Though ART duration and age were correlated, longer time on ART was associated with a reduced frequency of adaptive NK cells. In general, the frequency and functionality of NK cells following AD stimulation did not differ significantly between treated CMV+PLWH and CMV+HIV- persons, suggesting that HIV infection, per se, did not compromise AD NK cell function. AD activation of adaptive NK cells from CMV+PLWH induced lower frequencies of IFN-γ or TNF-α secreting cells in older persons, when compared with younger persons.
The Outcome of BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-Sand mRNA-1273 Vaccines and Two Boosters: A Prospective Longitudinal Real-World Study
Authors: Kamal Sanaa M. , Naghib Moheyeldeen Mohamed , Daadour Moataz , Alsuliman Mansour N. , Alanazi Ziad G. , Basalem Abdulaziz Abdullah , Alaskar Abdulaziz M. , Saed Khaled
Published: January 2023

To date, the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and booster doses has yet to be evaluated in longitudinal head-to-head studies. This single-center longitudinal study assessed the effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines and assessed two BNT162b2 boosters in 1550 participants, of whom 26% had comorbidities. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics was monitored. A group of 1500 unvaccinated subjects was included as the controls. The study’s endpoint was the development of virologically-proven COVID-19 cases after vaccine completion, while the secondary endpoint was hospitalizations due to severe COVID-19. Overall, 23 (4.6%), 16 (3%), and 18 (3.8%) participants vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273, respectively, developed COVID-19 after vaccine completion, with an effectiveness of 89%, 92%, and 90%. Ten COVID-19 cases were reported in participants with comorbidities, three of whom were hospitalized. No hospitalizations occurred after boosters. SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels peaked 2–4 weeks after the second vaccine dose but declined after a mean of 28.50 ± 3.48 weeks. Booster doses significantly enhanced antibody responses. Antibody titers ≤ 154 U/mL were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 emergence. Thus, COVID-19 vaccines effectively reduced COVID-19 and prevented severe disease. The vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses declined after 28–32 weeks. Booster doses induced significant maintained responses. SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels may help determine the timing and need for vaccine booster doses.
Retrospective Insights of the COVID-19 Epidemic in the Major Latin American City, São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Assato Patricia Akemi , Clemente Luan Gaspar , Giovanetti Marta , Ribeiro Gabriela , Lima Alex Ranieri Jeronimo , Palmieri Melissa , de Moraes Leonardo Nazario , Kashima Simone , Fukumasu Heidge , Nogueira Maurício Lacerda , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior , Nicolodelli Aline Lais , Martins Antonio Jorge , Petry Bruna , Banho Cecilia Artico , Dos Santos Barros Claudia Renata , Moncau-Gadbem Cristina Tschorny , Moretti Debora Botequio , De La Roque Debora Glenda Lima , Marqueze Elaine Cristina , Mattos Elisangela Chicaroni , Silva Fabiana Erica Vilanova Da , Da Costa Felipe Allan Da Silva , Cacherik Giselle , De Souza Todao Bernardino Jardelina , Lesbon Jessika Cristina Chagas , Sacchetto Lívia , De Lima Loyze Paola Oliveira , Caldeira Luiz Artur Vieira , Martininghi Maiara , Moraes Marília Mazzi , Poleti Mirele Daiana , Cattony Neto Pedro De Queiroz , Cassano Raquel De Lello Rocha Campos , Brassaloti Ricardo Augusto , Slavov Svetoslav Nanev , Viala Vincent Louis , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini , Neto Raul Machado , Covas Dimas Tadeu , Sampaio Sandra Coccuzzo , Elias Maria Carolina , Souza-Neto Jayme A.
Published: January 2023

São Paulo is the financial center of Brazil, with a population of over 12 million, that receives travelers from all over the world for business and tourism. It was the first city in Brazil to report a case of COVID-19 that rapidly spread across the city despite the implementation of the restriction measures. Despite many reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the city of São Paulo. Thus, in this study, we provide a retrospective overview of the COVID-19 epidemic in São Paulo City, Southeastern, Brazil, by generating a total of 9995 near-complete genome sequences from all the city’s different macro-regions (North, West, Central, East, South, and Southeast). Our analysis revealed that multiple independent introduction events of different variants (mainly Gamma, Delta, and Omicron) occurred throughout time. Additionally, our estimates of viral movement within the different macro-regions further suggested that the East and the Southeast regions were the largest contributors to the Gamma and Delta viral exchanges to other regions. Meanwhile, the North region had a higher contribution to the dispersion of the Omicron variant. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing SARS-CoV-2 genomic monitoring within the city and the country to track the real-time evolution of the virus and to detect earlier any eventual emergency of new variants of concern that could undermine the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil and worldwide.
Swine-to-Ferret Transmission of Antigenically Drifted Contemporary Swine H3N2 Influenza A Virus Is an Indicator of Zoonotic Risk to Humans
Authors: Souza Carine K. , Kimble J. Brian , Anderson Tavis K. , Arendsee Zebulun W. , Hufnagel David E. , Young Katharine M. , Gauger Phillip C. , Lewis Nicola S. , Davis C. Todd , Thor Sharmi , Vincent Baker Amy L.
Published: January 2023

Human-to-swine transmission of influenza A (H3N2) virus occurs repeatedly and plays a critical role in swine influenza A virus (IAV) evolution and diversity. Human seasonal H3 IAVs were introduced from human-to-swine in the 1990s in the United States and classified as 1990.1 and 1990.4 lineages; the 1990.4 lineage diversified into 1990.4.A–F clades. Additional introductions occurred in the 2010s, establishing the 2010.1 and 2010.2 lineages. Human zoonotic cases with swine IAV, known as variant viruses, have occurred from the 1990.4 and 2010.1 lineages, highlighting a public health concern. If a variant virus is antigenically drifted from current human seasonal vaccine (HuVac) strains, it may be chosen as a candidate virus vaccine (CVV) for pandemic preparedness purposes. We assessed the zoonotic risk of US swine H3N2 strains by performing phylogenetic analyses of recent swine H3 strains to identify the major contemporary circulating genetic clades. Representatives were tested in hemagglutination inhibition assays with ferret post-infection antisera raised against existing CVVs or HuVac viruses. The 1990.1, 1990.4.A, and 1990.4.B.2 clade viruses displayed significant loss in cross-reactivity to CVV and HuVac antisera, and interspecies transmission potential was subsequently investigated in a pig-to-ferret transmission study. Strains from the three lineages were transmitted from pigs to ferrets via respiratory droplets, but there were differential shedding profiles. These data suggest that existing CVVs may offer limited protection against swine H3N2 infection, and that contemporary 1990.4.A viruses represent a specific concern given their widespread circulation among swine in the United States and association with multiple zoonotic cases.
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp2 Contributes to Inflammation by Activating NF-κB
Authors: Lacasse Émile , Gudimard Leslie , Dubuc Isabelle , Gravel Annie , Allaeys Isabelle , Boilard Éric , Flamand Louis
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 is associated with robust inflammation and partially impaired antiviral responses. The modulation of inflammatory gene expression by SARS-CoV-2 is not completely understood. In this study, we characterized the inflammatory and antiviral responses mounted during SARS-CoV-2 infection. K18-hACE2 mice were infected with a Wuhan-like strain of SARS-CoV-2, and the transcriptional and translational expression interferons (IFNs), cytokines, and chemokines were analyzed in mouse lung homogenates. Our results show that the infection of mice with SARS-CoV-2 induces the expression of several pro-inflammatory CC and CXC chemokines activated through NF-κB but weakly IL1β and IL18 whose expression are more characteristic of inflammasome formation. We also observed the downregulation of several inflammasome effectors. The modulation of innate response, following expressions of non-structural protein 2 (Nsp2) and SARS-CoV-2 infection, was assessed by measuring IFNβ expression and NF-κB modulation in human pulmonary cells. A robust activation of the NF-κB p65 subunit was induced following the infection of human cells with the corresponding NF-κB-driven inflammatory signature. We identified that Nsp2 expression induced the activation of the IFNβ promoter through its NF-κB regulatory domain as well as activation of p65 subunit phosphorylation. The present studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 skews the antiviral response in favor of an NF-κB-driven inflammatory response, a hallmark of acute COVID-19 and for which Nsp2 should be considered an important contributor.
Development and Clinical Evaluation of a Rapid Point of Care Test for Ebola Virus Infection in Humans
Authors: Wang Zheng , Bennett Richard S. , Roehler Michele , Guillon Geraldine , Fischl Mark J. , Donadi Mary C. , Makovetz Jim , Holmes Natalie , Zaveri Toral , Toolan Eamon , Gontz Heather L. , Yearwood Graham D. , Logue James , Bohannon J. Kyle , Mistretta Lisa , Byrum Russell , Ragland Dan , St. Claire Marisa , Kurtz Lisa A. , Miller Tiffany , Reed Michael R. , Young Janean , Lee John , Hensley Lisa E. , Kardos Keith , Berry Jody D.
Published: January 2023

The genus Ebolavirus contains multiple species of viruses that are highly contagious and lethal, often causing severe hemorrhagic fever. To minimize the global threat from Ebola virus disease (EVD), sustainable, field-appropriate tools are needed to quickly screen and triage symptomatic patients and conduct rapid screening of cadavers to ensure proper handling of human remains. The OraQuick® Ebola Rapid Antigen Test is an in vitro diagnostic single-use immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Ebola virus antigens that detects all known species within the genus Ebolavirus. Here, we report the performance of the OraQuick® Ebola Rapid Antigen Test and provide a comparison of its performance with other rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for EVD. OraQuick® Ebola demonstrated clinical sensitivity of 84.0% in archived EVD patient venous whole-blood (WB) samples, 90.9% in Ebola virus-infected monkey fingerstick samples, and 97.1% in EVD patient cadaver buccal swabs, as well as clinical specificity of 98.0–100% in venous WB samples and 99.1–100% in contrived saliva samples. It is the only 510(k)-cleared Ebola rapid test, has analytical sensitivity as good as or better than all RDT comparators for EVD, and can detect the Sudan virus. Our data demonstrate that the OraQuick® Ebola Rapid Antigen Test is a sensitive and specific assay that can be used for rapid detection of EBOV in humans and could support efforts for EVD-specific interventions and control over outbreaks.
Synergistic Immunity and Protection in Mice by Co-Immunization with DNA Vaccines Encoding the Spike Protein and Other Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Chen Jinni , Huang Baoying , Deng Yao , Wang Wen , Zhai Chengcheng , Han Di , Wang Na , Zhao Ying , Zhai Desheng , Tan Wenjie
Published: January 2023

The emergence of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has generated recurring worldwide infection outbreaks. These highly mutated variants reduce the effectiveness of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, which are designed to target only the spike (S) protein of the original virus. Except for the S of SARS-CoV-2, the immunoprotective potential of other structural proteins (nucleocapsid, N; envelope, E; membrane, M) as vaccine target antigens is still unclear and worthy of investigation. In this study, synthetic DNA vaccines encoding four SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins (pS, pN, pE, and pM) were developed, and mice were immunized with three doses via intramuscular injection and electroporation. Notably, co-immunization with two DNA vaccines that expressed the S and N proteins induced higher neutralizing antibodies and was more effective in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 viral load than the S protein alone in mice. In addition, pS co-immunization with either pN or pE + pM induced a higher S protein-specific cellular immunity after three immunizations and caused milder histopathological changes than pS alone post-challenge. The role of the conserved structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2, including the N/E/M proteins, should be investigated further for their applications in vaccine design, such as mRNA vaccines.
Risk of Repeated Adverse Effects following Booster Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Results from the MOSAICO Study
Authors: Ferrara Pietro , Ponticelli Domenico , Losa Lorenzo , Romeo Claudia , Magliuolo Roberto , Vitale Andrea , Zampella Anna , Alleanza Lucia , Borrelli Mario , Schiavone Beniamino , Mantovani Lorenzo Giovanni
Published: January 2023

The successful deployment of safe and effective vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been crucial in reducing the global disease burden. Owing to the need for vaccination series over time, continuous observational studies are needed to estimate the COVID-19 vaccine response in real-world conditions. In particular, the detection, assessment, and understanding of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) with a COVID-19 vaccine are crucial to better address vaccination strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk of repeated AEFI post-administration of a booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) in an Italian teaching hospital. The data on any local and systemic AEFI were studied in multivariate Poisson regression analyses to model the association between the incidence of each postvaccination symptom and its prior reporting after the administration of the previous doses. Overall, compared with the primary vaccination series, the majority of post-third dose AEFI were less reported. The results from multivariable models showed that the likelihood of reporting an AEFI after the third dose was higher in those who experienced the same postvaccination symptom after the second dose (all AEFI except for itch at injection site) and, although not significant for all AEFI, after the first dose. Any associations with age, gender, smoking habits, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and other characteristics, as well as the health impact of AEFI were also assessed. Taken together, the results from this research support reframe AEFI symptoms as signals of a robust postvaccination reaction as well as of common vaccine response, and they add important data to inform booster vaccination strategies in HCWs and, extensively, in the adult population.
Land Subsidence Assessment of an Archipelago Based on the InSAR Time Series Analysis Method
Authors: Ma Deming , Zhao Rui , Li Yongsheng , Li Zhengguang
Published: January 2023

The lack of resources on islands leads to their extremely rapid development, and this can result in frequent geological disasters involving island subsidence. These disasters not only destroy the ecological environment and landscape of islands but also pose massive threats to the safety of residents’ lives and property and can even affect the country’s maritime rights and interests. To meet the demands of island stability and safety monitoring, in this study, we propose a large-area, full-coverage deformation monitoring method using InSAR technology to assess island subsidence based on a comprehensive analysis of conventional monitoring techniques. The working principle and unique advantages of InSAR data are introduced, and the SBAS InSAR key interpretation processing flow are described in detail. The GPU-assisted InSAR processing method is used to improve the processing efficiency. The monitoring results showed that the southern island group of the Miaodao Archipelago was relatively stable overall, with an annual average deformation rate of 3 mm. Only a few areas experienced large-magnitude surface deformation, and the maximum annual deformation magnitude was 45 mm. The time series deformation results of the characteristic points of the five inhabited islands in the southern island group showed that the subsidence trends of the two selected points on Beichangshan Island (P1 and P2) were slowly declining. The P3 point on Nanchangshan Island experienced a large deformation, while the P4 point experienced a relatively small deformation. The selected points (P5, P6 and P7) on Miaodao Island, Xiaoheishan Island and Daheishan Island were stable during the monitoring period. InSAR data can be used to accurately identify the millimetre-scale microdeformations experienced by island groups, thus demonstrating the high-precision deformation monitoring capability of these data. In addition, the accuracy of these data can meet the needs of island and archipelago subsidence monitoring, and the proposed method is an effective means to monitor the spatial deformation of island targets. This study is conducive to further enriching and improving island stability and safety monitoring technology systems in China and to providing data and technical support for identifying and mastering potential island risks, protecting and utilizing islands and preventing and reducing disasters.
Precision Nitrogen Fertilizer and Irrigation Management for Apple Cultivation Based on a Multilevel Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Yield, Quality, and Profit Indices
Authors: Cai Shibiao , Zheng Bangyu , Zhao Zhiyuan , Zheng Zhaoxia , Yang Na , Zhai Bingnian
Published: January 2023

Precise and efficient fertilizer and irrigation management is critical for apple production in the Loess Plateau, China. In this study, we established three levels of nitrogen application and irrigation in nine treatments in an apple orchard based on a completely randomized block design. Then, we analyzed different apple indicator responses to nitrogen and irrigation and their related interactions. More importantly, we used the multilevel comprehensive fuzzy evaluation value (MFCE) method to combine the weights of all indicators to obtain the comprehensive growth indicators for apples. Finally, we analyzed the effect of nitrogen and irrigation coupling on the comprehensive growth of apples and then determined the optimal interval for nitrogen application and irrigation. The results indicated that an increase in the amount of irrigation was beneficial for apple yield, but excessive nitrogen fertilizer application significantly reduced apple yield. The apple indicators were not sensitive to irrigation and nitrogen application and their related interactions; they were mainly controlled by the apple cultivar. On the other hand, an increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer or a reduction in the amount of irrigation could improve apple quality. The results of the comprehensive evaluation showed that the T5 treatment was most beneficial for the comprehensive growth of apples. To obtain the optimal interval for nitrogen application and irrigation more precisely, we used multiple linear regression based on the MFCE values of apples, nitrogen, and irrigation in R language. Nitrogen and irrigation showed a positive effect on the comprehensive growth of apples when the irrigation amount was low. However, nitrogen application and irrigation had a negative effect on the comprehensive growth of apples when the irrigation level was high. After optimization, the optimal nitrogen application and irrigation amounts were 170.5–189.5 kg·hm−2 and 38.4–42.7 mm, respectively. We recommend using this irrigation and fertilizer management scheme for apple orchards in China’s Loess Plateau.
Trend Analysis and Identification of the Meteorological Factors Influencing Reference Evapotranspiration
Authors: Aschale Tagele Mossie , Peres David J. , Gullotta Aurora , Sciuto Guido , Cancelliere Antonino
Published: January 2023

Investigating the trends of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is fundamental importance for water resource management in agriculture, climate variability analysis, and other hydroclimate-related projects. Moreover, it would be useful for understanding the sensitivity of such trends to basic meteorological variables, as the modifications of these variables due to climate change are more easily predictable. This study aims to analyze ETo trends and sensitivity in relation to different explanatory meteorological factors. The study used a 17 year-long dataset of meteorological variables from a station located in Piazza Armerina, Sicily, a region characterized by a Mediterranean climate. First, the FAO-Penman-Monteith method was applied for estimation of ETo. Next, the Mann-Kendall test with serial autocorrelation removal by Trend-free pre-whitening (TFPW) was applied to analyze ETo trends and the basic meteorological variables on which they depend. Sen’s slope was also used to examine the magnitude of the trend of monthly ETo and its related meteorological variables. According to the obtained results, ETo only showed a downward trend of 0.790 mm per year in November, while no trend is shown in other months or on seasonal and annual time scales. Solar radiation (November and Autumn) and rainfall (Autumn) showed a downward trend. The other meteorological variables (minimum temperature, maximum temperature, mean temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity) showed an upward trend both at monthly and seasonally scale in the study area. The highest and lowest sensitivity coefficients of ETo in the study area are obtained for specific humidity and wind speed, respectively. Specific humidity and wind speed give the highest (44.59%) and lowest (0.9%) contribution to ETo trends in the study area. These results contribute to understanding the potential and possible future footprint of climate change on evapotranspiration in the study area.
Spatial Interpolation of Soil Temperature and Water Content in the Land-Water Interface Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Imanian Hanifeh , Shirkhani Hamidreza , Mohammadian Abdolmajid , Hiedra Cobo Juan , Payeur Pierre
Published: January 2023

The distributed measured data in large regions and remote locations, along with a need to estimate climatic data for point sites where no data have been recorded, has encouraged the implementation of spatial interpolation techniques. Recently, the increasing use of artificial intelligence has become a promising alternative to conventional deterministic algorithms for spatial interpolation. The present study aims to evaluate some machine learning-based algorithms against conventional strategies for interpolating soil temperature data from a region in southeast Canada with an area of 1000 km by 550 km. The radial basis function neural networks (RBFN) and the deep learning approach were used to estimate soil temperature along a railroad after the spline deterministic spatial interpolation method failed to interpolate gridded soil temperature data on the desired locations. The spline method showed weaknesses in interpolating soil temperature data in areas with sudden changes. This limitation did not improve even by increasing the spline nonlinearity. Although both radial basis function neural networks and the deep learning approach had successful performances in interpolating soil temperature data even in sharp transition areas, deep learning outperformed the former method with a normalized RMSE of 9.0% against 16.2% and an R-squared of 89.2% against 53.8%. This finding was confirmed in the same investigation on soil water content.
A Three-Parameter Hydrological Model for Monthly Runoff Simulation—A Case Study of Upper Hanjiang River Basin
Authors: Zou Yixuan , Yan Baowei , Feng Baofei , Zhang Jun , Tang Yiwei
Published: January 2023

Monthly hydrological models are useful tools for runoff simulation and prediction. This study proposes a three-parameter monthly hydrological model based on the proportionality hypothesis (TMPH) and applies to the Upper Hanjiang River Basin (UHRB) in China. Two major modules are involved in the TMPH: the actual evapotranspiration and runoff, in which the coupled water–energy balance equation and the proportionality hypothesis are used for calculation, respectively. It is worth mentioning that the proportionality hypothesis was extended to the partitioning of the available water into water loss and runoff at the monthly scale, which demonstrates that the ratio of runoff to its potential value is equal to the ratio of continuing water loss to its potential value. Results demonstrate that the TMPH model performs well when the NSE values are 0.79 and 0.83, and the KGE values are 0.86 and 0.78 for calibration period and validation period, respectively. The widely used two-parameter monthly water balance (TWBM) model and ABCD model are compared with the proposed model. Results show that TMPH performs better than TWBM model with NSE increased by 0.07 and 0.11, and KGE increased by 0.02 and 0.16, respectively, whereas the TMPH performs similarly as the ABCD model in the calibration period, and performs slightly better in the validation period, with NSE increased by 0.02, and KGE increased by 0.03. Sensitivity analysis show that the simulation result is most sensitive to parameter n, followed by SC and λ. In summary, the proposed model has strong applicability to the study area.
Travail, genre et relations de pouvoir dans le Carajas
Authors: Castro Edna Maria Ramos de
Published: January 2023

Work, gender and power relationship in Carajas.

This paper highlights the links between social changes and the sexual division of labour in the Brazilian case, the area of large industrial zones projects in the Amazone.

Consequences of these rapid and intense transformations in the way of life are put into perspective as well as the processes of women's entry in industry, changes in the labour market and in gender relations at work. In the same way, corporate strategies in the management of the labour force through gender are analysed in parallel with production management. The author demonstrates how the latest methods of sub-contracting are developped without weakening a paternalistic type of management.

Finally, social conflicts in Amazone are developing through social movements and changes in the political scene are analysed in relation to development of political counciousness related to changes in the way of life.
Femmes, citoyenneté et politique dans les années 1920 et 1930 au Québec
Authors: Cohen Yolande
Published: January 2023

Women, citizenship and policies in Québec in the 1920's and 1930's.

This text presents a historical overview of the rich life of feminine associative network in order to explain the context in which Canadian women obtained the right to vote in the 1920's. The author argues that in this feminine movement is practised the enlargement of social action, mainly in Québec, where women were still excluded from the right to vote until 1940.

They were therefore developing alternative modes of intervention, which analysts did not readily defined as political but social, but which eventually evolved into social policies adopted by the Welfare State. Through the presentation of the Québec case, the author underlines the close relationships that existed between those women associations in articulating a strategy, often ambivalent, to enlarge women pratice of citizenship.
Incidence du genre et du mentor sur la production scientifique et la carrière des psychologues : la perspective de la psychosociologie de la science
Authors: Febbraro Angela , Lubek Ian , Bauer Natasha , Ross Brian , Thoms Heather , Brown Sarah , Hartt Mary Ann
Published: January 2023

Le mentoring, par lequel la formation et (souvent) la carrière future d’un novice sont placées entre les mains d’un «mentor », est examiné dans une perspective plus vaste de «psychosociologie de la science» (Lubek, 1993a ; 1995), perspective qui étudie les relations de pouvoir asymétriques au sein de la communauté scientifique. Nous évoquons d’abord différentes études de cas pour illustrer ce cadre général : a) un examen des problèmes de publication rencontrés par le psychologue américain John Garcia ; b) une comparaison transculturelle du financement accordé aux pionniers de la recherche en sciences sociales français et à leurs homologues nord-américains dans les années 1920 et 1930 ; et c) un cas d'abus lié à la concentration du pouvoir de décision scientifique entre les mains d*un individu, et en particulier son incidence sur les femmes. Puis, nous passons à : d) une étude sur le mentoring de 285 hommes et 53 femmes psychosociologues ayant obtenu leur doctorat entre 1949 et 1974 à l’université de Michigan, dont le Joint Social Psychology Programme a été le plus important d’Amérique du Nord et a formé nombre des psychosociologues les plus renommés. Nous examinons les effets de ce mentoring et des différences de genre sur le parcours professionnel et la production scientifique, en nous servant essentiellement d’indicateurs macroscopiques quantitatifs permettant de comparer la carrière des 53 femmes avec celle d’un nombre équivalent d’hommes ayant eu le même mentor, au même moment.
Inégalité de genre et mouvement zapatiste. Les femmes s’organisent au Chiapas
Authors: Kampwirth Karen
Published: January 2023

This article seeks to reconstruct the historical and geographical dynamics explaining the significant presence of women in the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN). First appearing in the poor Mexican state of Chiapas in January, 1994, this new type of revolutionary movement is the culmination of a wide variety of changes modifying the life of indigenous men and women in the region, and particularly, the social relations between the sexes. Making up a third of the Zapatista forces, the women were able to integrate the question of gender and formulate the Revolutionary Law of Women. Without them, the EZNL would have no doubt been a very different kind of movement, even though remaining a military organization dominated by men.
Choisir une carrière, faire carrière : les femmes médecins en France et en Grande-Bretagne
Authors: Crompton Rosemary , Le Feuvre Nicky
Published: January 2023

Rosemary Crompton, Nicky Le Feuvre : Choose a career, have a career : women doctors in France and Britain.

This article proposes to analyse the process of the development of gendered segregation in a comparative perspective. A comparative study of the professional and family careers of women doctors in France and Britain makes it possible to show that, although at first sight the distribution of women and men in the medical profession seems rather different, the processes of gendered allocation between the different positions within the profession is generally the same in the two countries. The results of this research lead us to think that the gendered structure of the medical profession has been changed relatively little by the recent increase in the rate of féminisation. These conclusion leads us to situate our work within the framework of the recent sociological discussion of the theoretical analysis of the process of reproduction of the sexual division of labour and the gendered segregation of employment in Europe.
Les techniques domestiques ou Cendrillon et les ingénieurs
Authors: Cockburn Cynthia
Published: January 2023

Cynthia Cockburn : Domestic technologies : Cinderella and the engineers.

Domestic technologies are seldom accorded their true significance either by engineers or sociologists, partly due to an undervaluing of the feminine and the private sphere. Drawing on recent feminist research the article examines the failure of designers and manufacturers to understand and respond to user needs. It shows how in neither Eastern nor Western Europe has domestic equipment been designed thoughtfully within appropriate technological systems, as a sensitive interface between household, community and environment. The sociology of technology too is shown to have neglected the technologies of everyday life, rather than seeing them as the logical starting point of a technology policy.
L'industriel et le domestique dans la conception d'appareils électroménagers
Authors: Chabaud-Rychter Danielle
Published: January 2023

Danielle Chabaud-Rychter ; Industrial and domestic aspects in the conception of domestic appliances.

In the conception of technical objects for domestic use there exists a dichotomy between the “surface” - including the control panels, the accessories, the instructions - which is for the use of the consumer - and the “interior” where everything which enables the machine to function -motorisation, mechanism, electronic controls - is closed to their access.

This type of conception can be considered as a “detechnicalisation” of machines destined for domestic use and we can wonder, as do the feminists working on the question of the social construction of techniques, if this is in fact a gendering of technical objects intended for use by women. Through daily observation of a research and development team for small domestic appliances, I have tried to understand exactly what they do when they introduce this dichotomy into technical objects : how do they establish the boundary between the interior and the exterior, decide what should be hidden from the consumer, to what she should have access, and how and at what point they consider the sex of the consumer.
La mondialisation et les emplois informatisés. Avantages et risques pour les femmes
Authors: Pearson Ruth , Le Doaré Hélène
Published: January 2023

Ce texte décrit la rencontre ambivalente entre les femmes et les technologies informatiques dans les pays en développement : si la création de nouveaux emplois leur est bénéfique, elle se réalise au prix de l’émergence et du développement accéléré des lésions par efforts répétitifs (LER). En présentant les termes du débat dans les pays du Nord, l’auteure inscrit son analyse dans une perspective comparative.
Les logiques d’un refus. Les femmes rurales africaines et les politiques d’ajustement structurel
Authors: Bisilliat Jeanne
Published: January 2023

Après une présentation générale des conséquences que les Politiques d’ajustement structurel (PAS) exercent sur les relations de genre et spécifiquement sur les femmes rurales africaines, l’auteur s’efforce de montrer les mécanismes qui, au sein de l’organisation de la Banque mondiale mais aussi de l’Union européenne facilitent la non prise en compte des relations de genre dans les politiques macroéconomiques.
La garde des enfants aux Pays-Bas : discours et débats
Authors: Bussemaker Jet
Published: January 2023

Cet article traite des politiques menées aux Pays-Bas dans le domaine de la petite enfance depuis les années soixante. L'analyse du cas hollandais met en évidence trois arguments avancés pour soutenir ou bloquer les interventions publiques en la matière. Ces principes, qui se réfèrent à la moralité, l'intérêt et l'efficacité, s'appuient sur divers arguments fondamentaux concernant le genre, le soin aux personnes dépendantes (care) et la protection sociale. Le principe de moralité a dominé les débats politiques dans les années soixante et celui de l'intérêt a prévalu dans les années soixante-dix. À cause de la réforme de l'État-providence, c'est l'argument de l'efficacité qui a surtout légitimé l’expansion des équipements publics destinés à la petite enfance. En dépit des résultats atteints, des féministes ont critiqué les présupposés qui lui étaient sous-jacents. Dans un contexte marqué par la réforme de l'État-providence, les discours dominants sur les modes de garde des petits enfants sont en train de changer, ce qui peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la façon dont s'articulent le genre, le soin aux personnes dépendantes et l'État.