bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19, the beer flu; or, the disease of many names
Authors: Lillo Antonio
Published: October 2020

Since the coronavirus outbreak began to spread worldwide in the early months of 2020, English speakers have been coming up with new names for the disease at a rate of knots. The myriad unofficial synonyms forCOVID-19that we currently have at our disposal provide an extreme example of overlexicalisation, and it is not so much the number that is impressive as the sheer speed at which they have been coined. This study is based on a personally compiled corpus of tweets covering the period from late January to late May 2020 and aims to work out what mechanisms underpin the creation and use of some two hundred and seventy synonyms, paying particular attention to the role of slang, wordplay, verbal humour, bigotry and xenophobia. The author identifies and discusses a set of categories that help to better understand the attitudes behind these words, some of which bespeak a desire to confront the grim reality of disease, while others – the majority, in fact – seek to denigrate and stigmatise its “ideal victims” (the baby boomers) or its “evil perpetrators” (the Chinese). In a different context, this study might be deemed just a celebration of the creative levity and wit of English speakers when faced with adversity. In these dark times, it is also a sad testimony to how some of our primitive fears have come to be reflected in our pandemic lexicon.
Covenantal trust and semioethics: A reflection on interpersonal and intercultural summoning
Authors: Untea Ionut
Published: October 2020

The article proposes a reflection on cultural sign production in social contexts dominated by the socially generalized fear of the unknown other and the obsession for vulnerability avoidance. This phenomenon has been reflected in the generalized tendency of reliance upon contractual trust, where the coherence of the signs legitimating a trustful relationship is maintained by external agencies backed by authoritative forums (e.g., religious, legal, political) and sanctioned by well-defined rewards and punishments. In contrast with the contractual model of trust, I propose a different model, covenantal trust. Taking as a point of departure Levinas’s phenomenological interpretation of the responsible self-opening toward the “sign of the giving of signs” which involves covenantal elements, I advance toward proposing a more active involvement of the participants in the process of joint production of signs. This dynamic involvement is made possible thanks to essential elements of the covenant, such as summoning and response. The covenantal approach aims at proposing a semioethical solution to the social challenges emerging from frustrations of members of both marginal and external communities for being treated distrustfully.
Kompetenzordnung und Gesellschafterliste – zu den Grenzen der Legitimationswirkung der Gesellschafterliste im GmbH-Recht
Authors: Flume Johannes W. , Maier-Reimer Georg
Published: October 2020

Nach Auffassung des II. Zivilsenats des Bundesgerichtshofs soll die Legitimationswirkung des § 16 Abs. 1 Satz 1 GmbHG auch im Fall der Zwangseinziehung eines Geschäftsanteils gelten. Dieses Ergebnis ist jedoch im Wortlaut der Vorschrift nicht angelegt und mit der Kompetenzordnung in der Gesellschaft nicht vereinbar, weil es der Gesellschafterversammlung und dem die Liste einreichenden Geschäftsführer die Macht gäbe, die Rechte von Gesellschaftern für eine bestimmte Zeit entgegen der materiellen Rechtslage irreversibel außer Kraft zu setzen. Entgegen der höchstrichterlichen Rechtsprechung argumentieren die Autoren für eine Nichtanwendung des § 16 Abs. 1 Satz 1 GmbHG auf den Fall der Zwangseinziehung und der Zwangsabtretung.
Diseño de un instrumento para medir la aceptación y los beneficios percibidos de la programación por pares en los cursos universitarios
Authors: Roque-Hernández Ramon Ventura
Published: October 2020

Se presenta el diseño y la validación de un cuestionario orientado a medir la aceptación de la programación por pares y los beneficios percibidos por los alumnos que la utilizan en el contexto educativo universitario. El proceso incluyó el descubrimiento de estos dos factores latentes a través del análisis factorial exploratorio y su respectiva ratificación a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se consiguió obtener valores adecuados de ajuste del modelo (CMIN/DF = 1.15, CFI = 0.98, SRMR = 0.08, RMSEA = 0.06, PClose = 0.39), de consistencia interna (Aceptación: CR = 0.82; Beneficios: CR = 0.73), de validez convergente (Aceptación: CR = 0.82, AVE = 0.61; Beneficios: CR = 0.73, AVE = 0.48) y de validez discriminante (HTMT = 0.72). Como trabajo futuro queda la aplicación de la versión final del cuestionario aquí presentado.
Tumor-suppressive function of methiothepin in human placental choriocarcinoma cells
Authors: Lee Jin-Young , Lim Whasun , Song Gwonhwa
Published: October 2020

Placental choriocarcinoma is a malignant trophoblastic tumor associated with placentation. During placentation, complicated molecular networks are mediated by endocrine and paracrine signals. Serotonin neurotransmitters have been identified in the transmembrane region of human placental choriocarcinoma (HPC) cells as tumor promoters; therefore, their antagonists have anti-cancer properties. Although methiothepin, a serotonin receptor antagonist and FDA-approved psychotropic agent, has shown multi-pharmacological functions in various disease models, its anti-tumorigenic activity and mechanisms underlying its action against HPC are unknown. Therefore, we identified the anti-cancer effects of methiothepin in JEG3 and JAR HPC cells. Methiothepin attenuated mitochondrial function and induced endoplasmic reticular stress, reducing oxidative phosphorylation and causing metabolic shifting in HPC cells. Furthermore, methiothepin showed synergistic pharmacological effects with paclitaxel in HPC cells. Our results highlight the robust tumor-suppressive function of methiothepin in HPC. Our findings provide new insights into the repositioning of methiothepin from a psychotropic agent to novel anti-cancer agents, especially against HPC.
High-Throughput Identification of Nuclear Envelope Protein Interactions inSchizosaccharomyces pombeUsing an Arrayed Membrane Yeast-Two Hybrid Library
Authors: Varberg Joseph M , Gardner Jennifer M , McCroskey Scott , Saravanan Snehabala , Bradford William D , Jaspersen Sue L
Published: October 2020

The nuclear envelope (NE) contains a specialized set of integral membrane proteins that maintain nuclear shape and integrity and influence chromatin organization and gene expression. Advances in proteomics techniques and studies in model organisms have identified hundreds of proteins that localize to the NE. However, the function of many of these proteins at the NE remains unclear, in part due to a lack of understanding of the interactions that these proteins participate in at the NE membrane. To assist in the characterization of NE transmembrane protein interactions we developed an arrayed library of integral and peripheral membrane proteins from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe for high-throughput screening using the split-ubiquitin based membrane yeast two -hybrid system. We used this approach to characterize protein interactions for three conserved proteins that localize to the inner nuclear membrane: Cut11/Ndc1, Lem2 and Ima1/Samp1/Net5. Additionally, we determined how the interaction network for Cut11 is altered in canonical temperature-sensitive cut11-ts mutants. This library and screening approach is readily applicable to characterizing the interactomes of integral membrane proteins localizing to various subcellular compartments.
V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics / 1960—2020.
Authors:   NAS of Ukraine, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Belyaev O.Ye. , Kladko V.P. ,   NAS of Ukraine, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Smertenko P.S. ,   NAS of Ukraine, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Solntsev V.S. ,   NAS of Ukraine, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
Published: October 2020

The monograph covers the history of the V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the NAS of Ukraine, its development, scientific schools, international relations, applied directions of work and prospects of development. Attention is focused on six scientific schools of the Institute: semiconductor physics, theory of semiconductor physics, radio spectroscopy, semiconductor surface physics, optics and semiconductor spectroscopy and optoelectronics. Information on each school, chronology of their formation and activity, scientific achievements, information on teacher-student relations, cooperation with higher education institutions, individual representatives of schools and selected works are given. For researchers, students of higher education institutions majoring in “Semiconductor Physics and Optics”, historians of science and social development.
Corticosteroids for Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Munoz-Osores Elizabeth , Maldonado-Campos Isabel , Olivares-Labbe Maria T. , Villarroel Luis , Gana Juan Cristobal
Published: October 2020

CONTEXT:

Treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is focused on dietary, pharmacologic, and endoscopic therapy options. Within the pharmacologic alternatives, topical corticosteroids are the most used, and a large number of studies evaluating their effectiveness have been published, requiring a new summary of evidence.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the histologic and clinical effectiveness of the use of corticosteroids in pediatric patients with a diagnosis of EoE.

DATA SOURCES:

Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and ClinicalTrials.gov (June 2019).

STUDY SELECTION:

We selected randomized controlled trials assessing corticosteroids versus a placebo or dietary treatment of EoE in children.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Methodologic quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. The primary outcomes were clinical and histologic improvement.

RESULTS:

A total of 1655 studies were identified. Five studies were included (206 patients). Histologic response was 49.25% in the corticosteroids group and 4.16% in the placebo group (risk ratio 11.05 [confidence interval 3.8–32.15]; P < .0001). Symptomatic response was 33.6% in the corticosteroids group and 21.8% in the control group (risk ratio 1.62 [confidence interval 0.94–2.79]; P = .08). There were no major adverse effects.

LIMITATIONS:

Heterogeneity of the diagnosis of EoE.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our review revealed favorable results of corticosteroids versus placebo, mainly in histologic response. More studies are needed, by using validated clinical scores, to obtain more reliable results.
Effect of Surface Wetting Resin on the Color Stability and Microhardness of Esthetic Composites
Authors: Cangul Suzan , Erpacal Begum , Adiguzel Ozkan , Unal Mehmet , Gunay Ayse
Published: October 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of the superficial application of two different modeling resins on the surface microhardness and discoloration of composite resins. Material and Methods: The present study used two different composites and modeling resins. The composites were placed in plastic molds. Subsequently, the modeling resins were applied on the surface of the two composite groups. The microhardness and color pertaining to all the groups were evaluated. The current study used the One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests, in order to perform the statistical evaluation (p<0.05). Results: The present study compared the microhardness pertaining to the groups and the highest microhardness values were observed in the Estelite Asteria group (none), whereas the lowest values were observed in the GC Essentia group (Ultradent). Moreover, the current study evaluated the color stability and the greatest discoloration was observed in the control group of the GC Essentia group, whereas the least discoloration was observed in the Estelite Asteria group that included the samples prepared using Ultradent Wetting Resin. Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrated that the use of modeling resins, which facilitate the placement of composite resins, reduced the microhardness and discoloration of composite resins. The aforementioned effect can be attributed to the variations in the structure of the filling. However, further studies are warranted to support and verify the results of the current study.
The digital great leap forward mapping China's 21st century attempt to create a new growth model
Authors: Szunomár Ágnes
Published: October 2020

The recent successes of the Chinese modernisation strategy are substantiated by an array of indicators showing an impressive improvement. Irrespective of China's current growth deceleration, these indicators suggest a highly effective implementation of an ambitious roadmap that can ultimately help China to catch up and achieve a global technological leadership. Still, some scholars point to deep structural deficiencies, and maintain that these indicators – however impressive they are – merely scratch the surface, while much deeper change is required in order to maintain economic growth. Therefore, the purpose of this paper (finalized before the ongoing COVID-19 crisis) is to contribute to this burgeoning literature – documenting the outcome and analysing the implications of China's efforts to embrace a new growth model – and analyse the chances of the Chinese digital great leap forward, that is the radical transformation of its prior modernisation trajectory. Drawing on a systematic review of the literature, the author maps, presents and analyses existing indicators quantifying China's progress in shifting to this new development trajectory, identifying also the gaps in the conventional measurement approaches. According to the findings of this paper, there are several easy-to-measure indicators, often used in international comparisons, that indeed confirm the optimistic scenario of China's development prospects in the near future. On the other hand, some hard-to-quantify factors, such as the localization of knowledge and the spreading of innovation, need to be also considered. These latter show a closer association with countries' development level as well as development potential. With regards to these latter particularities, China still has a long way to go.
The inhibitive action of Plukenetia conophora plant extract on the corrosion of Al–Zn–Cu alloy in different acidic media
Authors: Odusote J.K. , Adeleke A.A. , Ikubanni P.P. , Ayanda O.S. , Abdul J.M. , Yahya R.A.
Published: October 2020

Plukenetia conophora (Nigerian Walnut) leaf extract was studied as a corrosion inhibitor on Al–Zn–Cu alloy in acidic (HCl and H2SO4) media using gravimetric, gasometric and electropotential techniques. The study showed that the inhibition efficiency (IE) increased as the concentration of the leaf extract increased and reached the peak (94.8%) at 0.8 g/L in 1 M HCl. In the two acidic media, P. conophora leaf extract exhibited good corrosion inhibition properties on the Al–Zn–Cu alloy samples due to adhesion of the extracts on the samples' surfaces. The adsorption process of the extract on the alloy sample surfaces was found to be spontaneous and perfectly obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model. Thus, P. conophora leaf extract is recommended for utilisation as a potential replacement for toxic inorganic inhibitors and for application in paint and coating industries.
“Health does not discuss trans bodies”: Oral History of transsexuals and transvestites
Authors: Rigolon Mariana , Carlos Diene Monique , Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de , Salim Natalia Rejane
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the life stories and itineraries of transvestites and transsexuals in health services. Methods: study with a qualitative approach, anchored in the methodological framework of Oral History. Interviews were conducted and thematically analyzed. Results: two themes emerged: 1) gender and sexuality in life stories; and 2) the trajectories in health services. These revealed the challenges in the process of recognizing gender identity before the family and society. The reports show the dilemmas that transsexuals and transvestites face in health care, which ends up generating the removal of this population from services. Final Considerations: it has been demonstrated that Oral History can increase knowledge, especially about life histories and trajectories in the health services of transvestites and transsexuals; in addition, information was offered that can assist managers and health professionals in making decisions or caring for these people.
Conflict management strategies used by Portuguese nurse managers
Authors: Martins Maria Manuela , Trindade Leticia de Lima , Vandresen Lara , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Prata Ana Paula , Vilela Carlos
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the perception and conflict management strategies used by nurses in the management of people in Portuguese health services. Methods: descriptive, correlational study, carried out in Portuguese health services, with an intentional non-probabilistic sample, totaling 95 nurse managers. A questionnaire and Conflict Management Scale were used, analyzing the variables of managerial activities and conflict management, with the aid of software. Results: it was identified that 60% of the managers, report having to mediate conflicts daily, and the majority report adopting dialogue in conduct. However, through the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was shown that enforcement strategies in conflict management prevail (p = 0.008), with collaborative ones being more restricted to monthly intervals (p = 0.049). Conclusions: managers perceive the importance of collaboration in the mediation of conflicts, however, in their daily lives; they tend to maintain imposing behaviors, signaling for a little transformational leadership style.
Costs of nursing procedures/interventions: an integrative literature review
Authors: Ruiz Paula Buck de Oliveira , Nobrega Caroline Rife , Vigna Cínthia Prates , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the scientific production of nurses regarding the costs of procedures/interventions performed by nursing professionals. Methods: integrative literature review with a sample of 17 primary articles selected from the CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE databases and the PubMed portal. Results: all studies were conducted in hospitals, with quantitative, exploratory-descriptive studies, considering the case study method, with the description of costs method adopted, and the number of Brazilian publications stood out (12; 70.58%). The calculation of direct costs was most common due to the absence/difficulty of accessing information in the studied hospitals. This made it impossible to obtain the indirect costs that would be necessary for the composition of the total cost. Conclusions: it was shown that studies about the cost of procedures/interventions are still scarce, often covering only the calculation of direct costs. Nurses need to develop studies on such costs using the same methodology in different contexts of health care.
(Co)memorar maio de 1968: o imaginário anarquista e a liderança negativa
Authors: Ferreira Patrícia do Prado
Published: October 2020

Resumo Em 2018, os “acontecimentos de Maio de 1968” co-memoraram cinquenta anos. No Brasil, co-memorávamos os cinco anos de junho de 2013, uma parte do composto do “ciclo de lutas”. Esses dois momentos têm em comum, entre outras coisas, o fato de nos fazer pensá-los ainda hoje, pois, apesar de terem findado enquanto ato, eles continuam a existir em termos de afeto e efeito. Eles fazem parte de uma memória coletiva, de uma co-memória, que permite que se participe junto em razão daquilo que deixaram no tempo depois. São significados, sentidos e restos que se manifestam no campo sócio-político e no campo de uma subjetividade coletiva. Neste trabalho, destaco dois elementos similares de tais eventos: o imaginário anarquista que os caracterizou e também a consolidação do que denomino de “liderança negativada”. A psicanálise serve como suporte teórico para as considerações, especialmente no que tange à questão do que se repete.
Preparação para a morte: investigação fenomenológica sobre a experiência de idosos longevos
Authors: Giberti Gabriela Machado , Rosa Helena Rinaldi
Published: October 2020

Resumo O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial que ganhou destaque nas últimas décadas. Nesse contexto, a morte aparece como questão difícil, pois se trata de um tema tabu na cultura ocidental. À luz da fenomenologia existencial, este projeto objetivou compreender a experiência de idosos longevos que consideram que se prepararam para a morte. Constataram-se diversas iniciativas permeando questões financeiras, emocionais, sociais, corporais, materiais e até espirituais. O sentido dessas preparações se desvelou como um cuidar da vida, pois se mostraram tentativas de garantir a melhor qualidade na existência, seja em relação à vida do próprio idoso até sua morte, seja de quem permanece vivo até e depois da morte do idoso, como familiares e amigos. Assim, fica evidente que “a única certeza da morte é a vida”, pois entrar em contato com a finitude viabiliza o encontro das possibilidades de vida dignas de serem vividas.
MY BUSINESS AND I: ENTREPRENEUR PERSONALITY TRAITS AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE CHOICE
Authors: VIEIRA KELMARA M. , VALCANOVER VANESSA M. , POTRICH ANI C. G. , CAVALHEIRO EVERTON A.
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: This research seeks to identify how entrepreneurs’ personality traits can influence the capital structure of micro and small private businesses in Brazil, which are important for the economic growth and the subsistence of their owners. Originality/value: The study of the behavioral dimension of business decisions can help financial agents to better understand client behavior, including the adoption of mechanisms that identify possible risky or inefficient decisions made by managers based on their personality traits. It can also assist the government and institutions supporting micro and small private businesses in developing strategies to reduce the mortality of such companies. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed model involves 19 expected relationships that evaluate the relationships between the optimism, risk tolerance, sense of control (external and internal), attitude towards debt, and entrepreneur gender constructs. The sample includes 625 micro and small entrepreneurs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Findings: Results showed that attitude towards debt and gender were the most significant constructs and had a direct influence on the capital structure, while optimism and internal locus of control exerted a negative indirect influence, while risk tolerance had a positive indirect effect. Female managers demonstrated higher optimism and internal locus of control than male managers, but they had a worse attitude towards debt.
Determinación del rendimiento de un motor de Stirling usando Arduino: una propuesta para la enseñanza de la termodinámica en los cursos introductorios
Authors: Savall-Alemany F. , Esparza-García M. , Álvarez-Herrero J.F. , Rosa-Cintas S.
Published: October 2020

Durante los últimos años la investigación en didáctica de la Física ha destacado el interés que tiene la plataforma Arduino y los sensores asociados a ella en la mejora de la enseñanza. En este trabajo presentamos una propuesta para el estudio de la termodinámica en los cursos introductorios. Hemos construido un motor de Stirling casero con materiales de bajo coste. A partir de un estudio teórico del ciclo termodinámico asociado al motor, proponemos diversas estrategias para medir su rendimiento. A continuación, describimos el montaje experimental, basado en sensores Arduino, que nos permite registrar las medidas necesarias para desarrollar las estrategias propuestas. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto el bajo rendimiento de los motores térmicos y las diferencias existentes entre los ciclos teóricos y los experimentales.
Grammars of Damage and Suffering in Brazil Today
Authors: Moutinho Laura , Almeida Heloisa Buarque de , Simões Júlio Assis
Published: October 2020

Abstract The purpose of this reflection is to draw attention to the effects that recent political transformations have produced on people's subjectivity by observing clues to how these events are inscribed in daily relations. We approach both those who feel affected by or vulnerable to escalating discourses and practices of sexist, racist, homophobic and class violence, and others who have in some way adhered to conservative and exclusionary discourse. We are directly interested in the subjects, many of whom are devastated, who in their efforts, amazement, and negotiations interest us, not specifically the events to which we refer. As will be noted, the category “suffering” is central to this debate.
CREANDO PAZ: CONTENIDOS FORMATIVOS CON IMAGINACIÓN PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Echeverri-Álvarez Juan Carlos , Giraldo-Ramírez María Elena , Restrepo-Mesa Karol
Published: October 2020

Resumen Este artículo se deriva de una investigación sobre experiencias de mediación y gestión transformativa de conflictos en zonas afectadas por el conflicto armado en Colombia, presentando dos hallazgos: uno, que en medio de ciclos repetidos de violencia, las personas han logrado un “empoderamiento pacifista”, sobreponerse y apelar a sus capacidades para transformar los conflictos y para restituir el tejido social; y dos, el trabajo sobre el ser, el abordaje simbólico para tramitar los conflictos y para educar en formas de convivencia pacífica. Los recursos culturales identificados sirvieron de base para la construcción de contenidos formativos digitales que aportaran a la Cátedra de la Paz en el país. Por tanto, los contenidos no parten de prescripciones ni de teorías, sino que convirtieron las experiencias concretas en contenidos formativos para la construcción de la paz.
EFEITOS DA JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL EM DIFERENTES CONTEXTOS SUBNACIONAIS
Authors: Silveira Adriana Aparecida Dragone , Ximenes Salomão Barros , Oliveira Vanessa Elias de , Cruz Silvia Helena Vieira , Bortolloti Nadja
Published: October 2020

Resumo A intervenção do judiciário nas políticas de educação infantil tem favorecido a consolidação do direito à educação das crianças de 0 a 5 anos. Tal processo, estudado no contexto da judicialização das políticas públicas, gera impactos positivos e negativos sobre as ações governamentais. Esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar os efeitos diretos e indiretos da judicialização da educação infantil realizada com medidas judiciais e extrajudiciais em nove municípios, distribuídos em quatro estados. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque em estudos de caso, analisando como as Ações Civis Públicas e os Termos de Ajuste de Conduta alteraram a gestão e o planejamento municipal nos casos selecionados.
RELAÇÕES E CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO DOS PROFESSORES PAULISTAS (1995-2018)
Authors: Barbosa Andreza , Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Fernandes Maria José da Silva , Santos João Batista Silva dos , Nascimento Ana Paula Santiago do
Published: October 2020

Resumo Neste artigo são analisadas as relações e condições de trabalho do professor da rede estadual paulista, destacando-se as formas de admissão, a progressão na carreira, o vencimento básico e a jornada de trabalho durante o período de 1995 a 2018. O artigo apresenta uma síntese dos dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, estudo documental com base na legislação nacional e estadual e análise de dados estatísticos. Conclui-se que o período analisado foi caracterizado por uma política de desvalorização do trabalho docente expresso no grande número de professores contratados em caráter temporário, nos frágeis critérios de movimentação na carreira, no vencimento base abaixo do piso salarial e no descumprimento stricto sensu da composição da jornada expressa na Lei do Piso.
ASSESSMENT OF EATING BEHAVIOR AND FOOD NEOPHOBIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS FROM UBERABA-MG
Authors: Silva Taísa Alves , Jordani Maísa Tirintan , Guimarães Isabela Garcia da Cunha , Alves Luciene , Braga Camila Bitu Moreno , Luz Sylvana de Araujo Barros
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate and compare the eating behavior and food neophobia of children and adolescents from different age groups, body mass index per age, and sex. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample, involving 150 children and adolescents aged 3 to 13 years, of both sexes, treated at a pediatric outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in the municipality of Uberaba-MG, Brazil. Subscales of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) were used to evaluate eating behavior, and the Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS) was used to evaluate food neophobia. Results: Higher scores were found in the subscales “food responsiveness” (p=0.015), “enjoyment of food” (p=0.002), and “emotional overeating” (p=0.009) among older children and adolescents. Younger children had higher scores in the subscales “satiety responsiveness” (p=0.004) and “slowness in eating” (p=0.001). There was a tendency toward higher scores for “food responsiveness” (p=0.005) and “emotional overeating” (p=0.013) in participants with severe obesity. There were no differences in the scale of food neophobia. Overall, food neophobia positively correlated with lack of interest in food and negatively correlated with interest in food. Conclusions: The study showed significant differences in some domains of eating behavior among children and adolescents of the sample; however, no differences were found regarding food neophobia. These results may contribute to the improvement of future interventions related to infant eating behavior and food neophobia.
EFFECTS OF POSTURAL EDUCATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Valenciano Paola Janeiro , Cibinello Fabíola Unbehaun , Neves Jessica Caroliny de Jesus , Fujisawa Dirce Shizuko
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the effect of postural education on the learning and postural habits of elementary school children without physical intervention. Methods: We searched PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO, Cochrane, and Science Direct data bases and reference lists of studies in February 2020. The eligibility criteria were randomized clinical trials related to the effect of postural education in children aged between 6 and 12 years old. Two authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias: randomization process, deviations from intended interventions, missing outcome data, measurement of the outcome, and selection of the reported result. Data were extracted in standardized tables including information on author, publication year, country, sample size, age, sex, intervention characteristics, outcome measurements and results. Results: We found seven clinical trials (involving 2,568 children) for the review. The studies were conducted between 2000 and 2018: four in Belgium, two in Spain, and one in Germany. All seven included trials underwent evaluation: only one had a clear process of randomization and allocation concealment. All included studies were judged as having high risk of bias in at least one domain or have concerns for multiple domains. Conclusions: The positive effects of acquired knowledge and postural habits found in the studies cannot be used to reliably support postural education in elementary school children due to a high risk of bias in the evaluated studies.
Development and characterization of novel pectin rafts for the delivery of ibandronate
Authors: Hanif Muhammad , Shah Shahid , Rasool Nasir , Saadullah Malik , Khan Abdul Rehman , Siddique Waqar , Nasir Bushra , Rasul Akhtar , Abbas Ghulam , Khan Sajid Mehmood , Ahmed Muhammad Masood
Published: October 2020

Bisphosphonates cause irritation of the esophagus and stomach after oral administration. This study was planned to overcome the problems associated with bisphosphonates through the formation of rafts in the stomach and enhance the availability of the drug at the absorption site. A novel pectin raft was developed through the utilization of citrus pectin. The percentage of pectin and profile of neutralization of the raft were investigated. Ibandronate, the polymers and the developed formulation were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The release of ibandronate was investigated in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl), 0.5 N hydrochloric acid, 1.0 N hydrochloric acid and simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and a cell viability study was performed using Caco-2 cells. The RFF5 formulation contained 94.58% pectin, and the duration of neutralization was 45.41 min. The FTIR and XRD showed the chemical stability and uniform distribution of ibandronate in the raft. The TGA and DSC indicated the thermal stability of the formulation. RFF5 showed 99.95% release of ibandronate at 5 min in SGF. RFF5 showed up to 90.47% cell viability when Caco-2 cells were treated with or without the drug (ibandronate). The developed raft can effectively stop the irritation of the stomach and esophagus caused by ibandronate and improve the availability of the drug at the absorption site.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Dinlediklerinden Hareketle Hazırlıksız Konuşma Başarıları: Karma Yöntem Araştırması
Authors: KIYMAZ Mustafa Said , DOYUMĞAÇ İbrahim
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının dinlediklerinden hareketle yaptıkları hazırlıksız konuşma başarılarını belirlemektir. Karma yöntemin kullanıldığı araştırma, açımlayıcı desene dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Adıyaman Üniversitesinde 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarıdır. Kolay ulaşılabilir örneklemin kullanıldığı araştırmanın nicel veri toplama aracı, Konuşma Becerisi Derecelendirme Ölçeği ve Konuşma Becerisi Gözlem Formu’dur. Araştırmanın nitel veri toplama aracı ise Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının dinlediklerinden hareketle yaptıkları hazırlıksız konuşmalarının ses kaydından yazıya aktarılmış metinleridir. Araştırmanın nicel verileri, SPSS 21.0 istatistik paket programıyla hesaplanmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analiziyle incelenmiştir. Nicel verilerin güvenirlik ve geçerliliği için Konuşma Becerisi Derecelendirme Ölçeği’nin Kendall’s Tau Katsayısı hesaplanırken; Konuşma Becerisi Gözlem Formu için uzmanlar arası uyum katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının dinlediklerinden hareketle yaptıkları hazırlıksız konuşmalarında, bürünsel (prozodik) unsurları doğru kullanamama, cümleler arasında mantıksal ve anlamsal bağlantıları yapamama, deyim ve atasözü kullanmama, bağdaşıklık, tutarlılığı sağlayamama ve söylem oluşturamama gibi açılardan zayıf oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Söz konusu adayların konuşmalarında dilin işlevsel yönünden yararlanmadıkları ve dili yetkin kullanmada başarısız (geliştirebilir düzeyde) oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Üstbilişsel Okuma Stratejilerini Kullandırma Düzeyleri: Bir Karma Yöntem Çalışması
Authors: GİRGİN Derya , ŞAHİN Çavuş
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının üstbilişsel okuma stratejilerini kullandırma düzeylerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada nitel ve nicel bulguların yorumlama aşamasında birleştirildiği karma yöntem deseni olarak yakınsayan desen kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler Özen ve Durkan (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Üstbilişsel Okuma Stratejileri Kullandırma (ÜBOSK) ölçeğinden, nitel veriler ise sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının öğretmenlik uygulaması I kapsamında Türkçe derslerinde gözlemlenmesiyle elde edilmiştir. Nicel verilerinin çözümlenmesinde parametrik olan alt boyutlar için t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi testi; parametrik olmayan alt boyutlar için ise Mann Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal Wallis H Testi SPPS paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Gözlem formu aracılığıyla elde edilen nitel verilerde betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının not ortalaması ve cinsiyet gibi bireysel özelliklerinin ÜBOSK üzerinde fark yarattığı; öğretmen adaylarının Türkçe dersinde gözlem yapmalarının bu stratejileri kullandırmada etkili olduğu ama Türkçe dersinde uygulama yapmanın bu stratejileri etkin kılmada fark yaratmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının sınıf içinde ÜBSOK da özellikle okuma esnası ve okumayı değerlendirme kısımlarında yeterli davranış sergileyemedikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları ışığında bu stratejilere yönelik öğretmen yetiştirme programlarında meslek bilgisi dersleri kapsamında uygulamalar içeren eğitimlerin verilmesi ve çeşitli teknikler ile öğretim tasarımları geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Yazma Özyeterlik Algı Düzeyleri ile Yazma Başarımları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ARICI Mehmet Ali , DOLEK Onur
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırma, ortaokul öğrencilerinin yazma özyeterlik algı düzeyleri ile yazma başarımları arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamak amacıyla ilişkisel tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıfa devam eden 160 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Çalışma verilerinin elde edilmesinde “yazma özyeterlik ölçeği” ve öğrencilerin yazılı metinlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Yazılı metinler “kompozisyon değerlendirme ölçeği” ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde non-parametrik analiz araçlarından Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney U testleri ve Spearman Korelasyon Katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen temel bulgu, yazma başarımı ile yazma özyeterlik algı düzeyi arasında zayıf düzeyde, olumlu ve anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğudur. Araştırmadan elde edilen diğer bulgular ise yazma özyeterlik algı düzeyinin “cinsiyet” değişkeni açısından anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği; yazma özyeterlik algı düzeyinin “sınıf” değişkeni açısından anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği; sınıflar düzeyinde yazma başarımı ile yazma özyeterliği arasındaki en yüksek ilişkinin 8. sınıfta olduğu yönündedir.
Değerler Eğitimi Bağlamında Türkçe Dersi: Program ve Ders Kitaplarının Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi
Authors: KÜÇÜKOĞLU Adnan , ALBAYRAK Fatma , SERİN Nilüfer
Published: October 2020

Değerler, toplumun geçmişe dayalı birikimleriyle var olan ve kabul görme noktasında o toplumun geneline yayılan; aynı zamanda “biz” olma, “birlik olma” kavramlarına ulaşma hususunda varlık ve sürekliliğin sebebi olarak görülen; nihayetinde toplumu meydana getiren bireylerce korunan ve geliştirilen kabulleniş ve inanışlardır. Geçmiş tecrübe ve birikime dayanarak geleceği görmek ve planlamak, aynı zamanda bu birikimi gelecekte daha kullanışlı hâle getirebilmek görevini üstlenen eğitimin her aşamasında değerlerin aktarılması önemlidir. Geçmişle gelecek arasında bir köprü oluşturulmasına yardımcı olan, toplumların kültürel birikimini yansıtan değerlerin öğretimi, öğretim programlarına ve okullarda okutulan ders kitaplarına da yansımıştır. Özellikle Türkçe dersi bu konuda ayrıca önemlidir; çünkü değer aktarımı dil aracılığıyla yapılır, millî ve evrensel değerlerin aktarımında edebî eserlerden faydalanılır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması türünde yapılan bu araştırmada Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı ve Ortaokul Türkçe Ders ve Çalışma Kitapları, değerler eğitimi bağlamında karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, veri kaynaklarında değerler eğitimine aracılık eden ögeleri belirlemek için doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılmış ve çeşitli kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Buna göre Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı; genel amaçlar, kazanımlar, içerik ve değerlendirme kategorilerinde; ders ve çalışma kitapları ise tema ve alt temalar, hazırlık çalışmaları, dinleme ve okuma metinleri, görseller ve etkinlikler kategorilerinde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Bu yolla, Türkçe öğretim programı ile ders ve çalışma kitaplarında değerlere ne ölçüde yer verildiği karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya konulmuş ve bunların kullanılabilirliği tartışılmıştır.
Policentrismo e Cooperações Intermunicipais: um estudo em regiões de baixa densidade demográfica no norte do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil
Authors: Spinelli Juçara , Mesquita Lucas Ponte
Published: October 2020

O artigo debate o conceito de policentrismo e de áreas funcionais urbanas em regiões de baixa densidade demográfica do sul do Brasil. Evidencia que diante da polissemia do conceito de Policentrismo, há dificuldades em visualizar o conceito em ação no norte do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), dada a redução populacional nas suas pequenas centralidades e a reestruturação produtiva atual desta rede urbana. As regiões funcionais, em caráter normativo, no entanto, encontram-se fortalecidas nos polos regionais de Passo Fundo e de Erechim/RS, como nós desta rede urbana e polos de fluxos centrípetos, esboçado aqui na pendularidade por trabalho e estudo. É urgente entender a superação das políticas públicas que se restringem as delimitações político-administrativas municipais, de forma a avançar os estudos em torno de fronteiras dinâmicas, de planejamentos cada vez mais regionais e de objetivos mais cooperativos. Frente a situação de decréscimo populacional, as redes policêntricas e o associativismo municipal demonstram-se ser boas possibilidades, como fontes inovadoras e desafiantes de novas governanças.
Território, arranjos institucionais e os desafios para a governança territorial: apontamentos do Território Sudoeste Paulista (SP)
Authors: Borsatto Ricardo Serra , Antunes Junior Wolney Felippe , Souza-Esquerdo Vanilde Ferreira
Published: October 2020

A descentralização da gestão pública ocorrida no Brasil contribuiu substancialmente para a conformação de arranjos institucionais locais, sobretudo para os de caráter intermunicipal e territorial. A formação desses arranjos se expressa em diferentes formatos, como os consórcios, as associações, fóruns e comitês. Em um território podem coexistir e atuar diferentes arranjos institucionais, cada qual com suas agendas para o desenvolvimento. Estreitar, portanto, as relações entre agentes públicos, privados e atores sociais – distribuídos em arranjos específicos – torna-se uma demanda e um elemento basilar da governança territorial. Nosso objetivo, portanto, é analisar, através do território Sudoeste Paulista, a atuação dos seus arranjos institucionais, bem como as relações e articulações entre eles numa suposta dinâmica de governança territorial. Este estudo utilizou dois instrumentos para coletar os dados, que foram as pesquisas bibliográficas e as entrevistas semiestruturadas. Nossas análises consideraram duas dimensões nos arranjos: a dimensão política e a administrativa. Os resultados e as discussões nos levam ao entendimento de que a dinâmica de governança territorial - no Sudoeste Paulista e referente às articulações entre arranjos -, embora incipiente, já apresenta relativos resultados de cooperação, sobretudo em pautas coincidentes entre os arranjos. Neste estudo, o arranjo que melhor contribuiu para a governança territorial foi o CDR, que é fortemente ligado às Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICTs), que adota processos participativos, que detém agentes capacitados em promover a coordenação e que, ao ser comparado com os outros arranjos, construiu projetos inovadores.
The 1972 Soviet-American Youth Conference: The Illusion of Consensus
Authors: Jacobs Andrew
Published: October 2020

This article examines the 1972 Soviet-American Youth Conference as a transnational event during the détente era, exploring its attempt to foster solidarity and mutual understanding between Soviet and American youth. Despite its lofty goals, the conference instead reinforced stereotypes: Soviet youth presented as a monolithic, patriotic bloc, while the Americans appeared disillusioned and fragmented. Jacobs argues that these dynamics reflected broader cultural and political differences, particularly regarding national consensus. The Soviet state’s rigid control over the delegation undermined the possibility of genuine dialogue, highlighting the complexities and failures of citizen-level Cold War cultural exchanges​
EVALUATION OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIOS AND BODY MASS INDEX AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE IN IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: ÇİĞDEM Burhanettin , FİGÜL GÖKÇE Şeyda , BOLAYIR Aslı , YILMAZ Nuryıl
Published: October 2020

Aim: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease with signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure syndrome without a structural lesion in the brain and an abnormal finding in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). IIH is associated with obesity and inflammation. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and body mass index (BMI) and CSF pressure in IIH. Method: Forty-seven patients consisting of 41 (87.2%) women and 6 (12.8%) men who had headache and papilledema, a CSF opening pressure of 25 cmH2O and above, and normal CSF biochemistry and were newly diagnosed with IHH according to the modified Dandy criteria, and 47 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers consisting of 39 (83%) women and 8 (17%) men were included in the study, and their BMI, white blood cell counts, NLR, CSF pressures and cranial MRI findings were evaluated. RESULTS: The NLR ratio was 2.3952±1.09 in the patient group and 1.9711±0.74 in the control group and was significantly higher in the patient group (p=0.02) (p=0.02). The white blood cell counts were found to be significantly higher with 7.93±1.91 in the patient group and 7.11±1.42 in the control group (p=0.02). BMI was significantly higher with 30.23±2.84 in the patient group and 26.31±3.97 in the control group (p=0.00). Although there was no correlation between NLR and CSF pressure (p=0.58), the cut-off value for NLR was calculated to be 1.95, and a significant correlation was found between the NLR values of 1.95 and above and the CSF pressure (p=0.04). A positive correlation was found between BMI and CSF pressure and NLR ( p=0.001, r= 0.79; p=0.03, r= 0.21). Conclusion: The etiopathogenesis of IIH has not been fully understood, and the existing findings are associated with obesity and related inflammation. Our results indicate that serum NLR level can be used as a marker to show inflammation in IIH and that increased inflammation may be associated with BMI and CSF pressure.
3Pre-imaging Setup for High Resolution AFM in Fluid v1
Authors: J. Haynes Philip , H. S. Main Kavit , L Pyne Alice
Published: October 2020

This is part 3 of the "Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA and DNA-Protein Interactions" collection of protocols. Collection Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a microscopy technique that uses a sharp probe to trace a sample surface at nanometre resolution. For biological applications, one of its key advantages is its ability to visualize substructure of single molecules and molecular complexes in an aqueous environment. Here, we describe the application of AFM to determine the secondary and tertiary structure of surface-bound DNA, and it’s interactions with proteins.
In-house automated Smart-Seq2 v1
Authors: Mamanova Lira
Published: October 2020

This SOP describes the procedure for the in-house automated Smart-Seq2 workflow with off-the-shelf reagents. This set up utilises the benchtop robots and significantly reduces the experimental cost, hands-on time, as well as increase the reproducibility and workflow efficiency, while delivering a throughput of thousands of cells per day. Following library construction, samples are pooled in equivolume and quantified, prior to sequencing on the Illumina platform.