bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produtivismo acadêmico
Authors: Moraes Lívia Bocalon Pires de , Mattos Hellen Cristina Xavier da Silva , Fernandes Maria Cristina Da Silveira Galan
Published: February 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a contribuição da teoria bourdieusiana ao estudo da temática do produtivismo acadêmico, a partir de uma pesquisa sobre os professores-pesquisadores dos programas de pós-graduação em sociologia e ciências sociais das universidades estaduais paulistas. Para isso, traz um levantamento bibliográfico caracterizando as principais reflexões sobre o tema, e apresenta a proposta metodológica da praxeologia de Pierre Bourdieu, enfocando os conceitos de habitus, campo e capital. Baseando-se nos estudos do autor sobre a prática científica, apresenta informações sobre a formação acadêmica dos agentes e elenca os indicadores de capital atuantes no espaço social, destacando as contribuições que a Análise de Correspondências Múltiplas (ACM) pode oferecer à pesquisa. Conclui que a teoria bourdieusiana pode enriquecer muito os estudos sobre o produtivismo acadêmico, ao permitir a compreensão da heterogeneidade de estratégias adotadas em relação às pressões e constrangimentos por uma prática produtivista, que afetam de forma distinta os professores-pesquisadores.
Monitoring surface water dynamics in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota using dual-polarised Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time series
Authors: Schlaffer Stefan , Chini Marco , Dorigo Wouter , Plank Simon
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The North American Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) represents a large system of wetlands with great importance for biodiversity, water storage and flood management. Knowledge of seasonal and inter-annual surface water dynamics in the PPR is important for understanding the functionality of these wetland ecosystems and the changing degree of hydrologic connectivity between them. Optical sensors that are widely used for retrieving such information are often limited by their temporal resolution and cloud cover, especially in the case of flood events. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors can potentially overcome such limitations. However, water extent retrieval from SAR data is often impacted by environmental factors, such as wind on water surfaces. Hence, robust retrieval methods are required to reliably monitor water extent over longer time periods . The aim of this study was to develop a robust approach for classifying open water extent in the PPR and to analyse the obtained time series covering the entire available Sentinel-1 observation period from 2015 to 2020 in the hydrometeorological context. Open water in prairie potholes was classified by fusing dual-polarised Sentinel-1 data and high-resolution topographical information using a Bayesian framework. The approach was tested for a study area in North Dakota. The resulting surface water maps were validated using high-resolution airborne optical imagery. For the observation period, the total water area, the number of waterbodies and the median area per waterbody were computed. The validation of the retrieved water maps yielded producer’s accuracies between 84 % and 95 % for calm days and between 74 % and 88 % for windy days. User’s accuracies were above 98 % in all cases, indicating a very low occurrence of false positives due to the constraints introduced by topographical information. The observed dynamics of total water area displayed both intra-annual and inter-annual patterns. In addition to differences in seasonality between small (<1 ha) and large (>1 ha) waterbodies due to the effect of evaporation during summer, these size classes also responded differently to an extremely wet period from 2019 to 2020 in terms of the increase in the number of waterbodies and the total area covered. The results demonstrate the potential of Sentinel-1 data for high-resolution monitoring of prairie wetlands. Limitations of this method are related to wind inhibiting the correct water extent retrieval and to the rather long acquisition interval of 12 d over the PPR, which is a result of the observation strategy of Sentinel-1.
Failure mode transition in Opalinus Clay: a hydro-mechanical and microstructural perspective
Authors: Winhausen Lisa , Khaledi Kavan , Jalali Mohammadreza , Urai Janos L. , Amann Florian
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The way rocks deform under changing stress conditions can be described by different deformation modes, which is fundamental for understanding their rheology. For Opalinus Clay, which is considered as a potential host rock for nuclear waste, we investigate the failure mode as a function of applied effective stress in laboratory experiments. Therefore, we performed consolidated-undrained triaxial tests at different consolidation stresses in which samples were loaded parallel to bedding, and analysed the deformation structures using ion-beam polishing and electron microscopy. With increasing effective confining stress, the results show a transition from brittle-dominated to more ductile-dominated deformations, localising in distinct shear bands. Both effective stress paths and microstructural analysis indicate a tendency towards less dilation in the shear zones for higher effective stresses. Triaxial test results suggest a non-linear failure envelope. The non-linearity of the failure envelope is associated with decreasing dilation with increasing effective stress accompanied by changes in microstructural deformation processes, which explain the decreasing friction angle. For the first time, we can verify that the observed non-linear failure envelope is due to the gradual transition from brittle- to more ductile-dominated deformation on the microscale controlling the bulk hydro-mechanical behaviour of Opalinus Clay.
ASSIMILATION OF OBSERVATIONS FROM METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES IN THE HYDROMETCENTER OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, TSYRUL’NIKOV M. D. , GAIFULIN D. R. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, SVIRENKO P. I. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, USPENSKII A. B. ,   Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology
Published: February 2022

Results of studies on analysis, correction, and assimilation of microwave and infrared satellite observations in the global data assimilation system of the Hydrometcenter of Russia are presented. Technique and results of adaptive correction (external calibration) of atmospheric sounding and imaging channels of the microwave radiometer MTVZA-GYa on board the Russian polar orbiting satellites of Meteor-M series are described. Assimilation of observations from the hyperspectral infrared Fourier spectrometer IFKS-2, which is also a part of the Meteor-M satellites payload, is presented. The assimilation technique includes a new scheme for selection of the most informative channels through orthogonalization of the so called Jacobians. Numerical experiments show that short-range forecasts almost equally benefit from assimilation of IKFS-2 and IASI data.
CAMBIOS EN LA CERTIFICACIÓN EN LAS EEOOII: EL CASO DE LA RIOJA.
Authors: Noriega Pedrón Marina
Published: February 2022

Las Escuelas de Idiomas de España han sufrido importantes cambios y transformaciones en las últimas décadas. De manera muy especial, se han visto afectadas por enormes transformaciones en cuanto a una certificación de idiomas que ha debido de verse modificada para adaptarse a las directrices y exigencias establecidas por el Consejo de Europa a partir de la publicación delMarco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas. El presente artículo propone una revisión histórica de la normativa que acompañó los primeros pasos de estas transformaciones antes de zambullirse en el caso concreto de una Comunidad Autónoma, la de La Rioja, cuya legislación específica será analizada, viendo cuál es la situación actual de la certificación en La Rioja, una certificación ya adaptada al MCER, pero afectada aún por la situación sanitaria derivada de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Con todo este análisis, se pretende proporcionar una visión general del estado de la cuestión, así como unas herramientas básicaspara enfrentarse al análisis de la certificación de idiomas en cualquier Comunidad Autónoma de nuestro país.
LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL Y PERMANENTE DE LOS INSPECTORES DE EDUCACIÓN EN ESPAÑA: ESTUDIO COMPARADO
Authors: Hontañón Talledo Alberto
Published: February 2022

La formación inicial o de acceso de los inspectores de educación en España está regulada en el punto 5 de la disposición adicional décima de la LOE. En concreto, para acceder al Cuerpo de Inspectores de Educación es necesario pertenecer a alguno de los cuerpos que integran la función pública docente con al menos una experiencia de ocho años en los mismos y estar en posesión del título de Doctorado, Máster Universitario, Licenciatura, Ingeniería, Arquitectura o título equivalente y superar el correspondiente proceso selectivo, así como, en su caso, acreditar el conocimiento de la lengua cooficial de la Comunidad Autónoma de destino, de acuerdo con su normativa. Por su parte, la formación permanenteconstituye un derecho y una obligación de todo el profesorado, incluidos entre éstos los inspectores de educación, y una responsabilidad de las Administraciones educativas y de los propios centros, según se establece en el artículo 102.1 de la misma ley. A lo largo de este artículo se realiza unaaproximación a la formación inicial y permanente de los inspectores de educación, analizando las similitudes y las diferencias que se plantean entorno a un estudio comparado de las normas de organización y funcionamiento de la inspección de educación de cada territorio.
DEONTOLOGÍA DE LA INSPECCIÓN EDUCATIVA. VADEMÉCUM DE NORMAS DE PROXIMIDAD. TORRES VIZCAYA, MANUEL (2021)
Authors: Torres Vizcaya Manuel
Published: February 2022

El presente textoaborda un asunto trascendente para la Inspección educativa, peroque, sin embargo, resulta olvidadocon mucha frecuenciaen la bibliografía especializaday en los encuentrosy congresos. El autor trata de establecer, por un lado, la necesidad de contar con una deontología práctica de la cotidianidad supervisora y, por otro, evidenciar y apuntar los deberes morales que deben constituir el ser supervisor en su quehacer diario.Ante gruesos interrogantes como ¿existe un código ético específico de la Inspección de educación? o ¿existen unas pautas deontológicas concretas para el desarrollo del trabajo del cuerpo de inspectores de educación?, el autor intenta amojonar con precisión un territorio bastante desconocidoy poco transitado. Así, el texto aborday desentraña, en primer lugar, las dificultades de establecer una deontología supervisora, radicadas, en esencia, en la pertinaz indefiniciónde la labor supervisora en símisma.En segundo lugar, el autor pretendeestablecer, dentrodel territorio deontológico de la Inspección educativa, lo que considera como valores específicos(prudencia, equidad, colegialidad, anticipación, etc.)que deben cultivarse con rigor para que el cuerpo avance desde una legitimación moral que desarrolle una auctoritasreconocida y apreciadapor la comunidad educativa y la sociedad en general.
Empowerment of Women in India: An Overview of Political Participation
Authors: Das Mamoni
Published: February 2022

Political participation of women in India is a complex phenomenon being influenced by various factors. Empowerment of women means developing them as more aware individuals, who are politically active, economically productive and independent and are able to make intelligent discussion in matters that affect them. Women turnout during India’s 2014 parliamentary general elections was 65.63%, compared to 67.09% turnout for men. India rank 20th from the bottom in terms of representation of women in parliament. Women have held the posts of president and prime minister in India, as well as chief ministers of various states. Indian voters have elected women to numerous state legislative assemblies and national parliament for many decades. Present article intends to describe and evaluate with the political participation of women in India and discusses about various initiatives taken by the Government of India for empowering women by analyzing position of India in Gender Inequality Index.

Keywords: Empowerment, Gender Inequality Participation, Reservation, and Women.
Algorithm Design for Deterministic Finite Automata for a Given Regular Language with Prefix Strings
Authors: Singh Rashandeep , Goyal Gulshan
Published: February 2022

The field of automata theory is one of the most important areas in the field of Computer Science and Engineering that deals with how efficiently a problem can be solved on a model of computation using an algorithm. There exists a variety of formal languages like regular, context free, context sensitive, etc. These formal languages are described as set of specific strings over a given alphabet and can be described using state or transition diagrams. The state/transition diagram for regular languages is called a finite automaton which is used in the lexical analysis phase of compiler design for recognition of tokens. The construction of finite automata is a complicated and challenging process as there is no fixed mathematical approach that exists for designing of DFA and handling the validations for acceptance or rejection of strings. Consequently, it is difficult to represent the DFA’s transition table and graph. The present paper proposes an algorithm for designing of deterministic finite automata (DFA) for a regular language with a given prefix. The proposed method further aims to simplify the lexical analysis process of compiler design.
PALS - Precision Agriculture using Local Server
Authors: Mangathayaru N. , Sumanth K. , Jeremiah John P. , Akhila T. , Nidhi N.
Published: February 2022

Agriculture plays a vital role in the development of Indian economy, these days many people living in the cities are preferring organic fruits and vegetables, which in turn is creating opportunities for big nurseries to grow fruits and vegetables in the traditional organic method, some people are also growing such plants at their home itself to meet their daily consumption needs. Even though the methodologies used for such farming are very good at providing a good yield, such activities still require a lot of time and man work for efficient output. Such people are starting to rely on some automation and monitoring to as most of the people in such urban localities have very little time to spend on such activities, this has recently become a trend as the sensors used monitor these plants are relatively inexpensive and also usage of such sensors which provide the users with a lot more information which can be used to make dynamic decisions based on various conditions and requirements turns out to be even more efficient as it is not ideal to keep providing the same amount of nutrients and water irrespective of their need, therefore such constant monitoring helps out the users to monitor and decide on what actions to perform such as how much nutrients have to sprayed and how much water needs to be supplied. The only issue in implementing such system arises when we need to use a cloud service to manage all the data which is typically an expensive service and since it is not a one-time expense like the sensors, the users have to keep paying as a monthly/yearly basis for such services. The main aim of this study is to implement a simple and easy to use local server which the user can run on their personal computers or a cheap computation device such as a raspberry pi to avoid the heavy costs of cloud services.
Crowd Management and Monitoring Using Deep Convolutinal Neural Network
Authors: Singh Pratiksha , K. Daniel A.
Published: February 2022

India is counted as one of the most populated countries in the world. A lot of crime is also increasing due to the increasing population, as criminal activities are more frequent in a crowded place. Being crowded is also facing a lot of diseases. Therefore, crowd management and monitoring are very important therefore viewed from the security, crowd management, and monitoring plays a very important role in identifying group/ indi-vidual’s behavior in a crowd using video and image sequence for counting the person and detection of such misbehavior elements, This paper proposed a model for crowd management and monitoring person counting as object detection techniques. This paper proposed Deep Convolutional Neural Network, and Support Vec-tor Machine. The data set are taken from Mall, Kumbh Mela, and UCFD. The performance of the model us-ing training and testing of data is improved.
Performance Comparison of ML Regression Algorithms in Predicting Supermarket Sales
Authors: Jayakrishnan Balaji , Pandey Gunja , Verma Nitika , Sarkar Ritika , Dhingra Muskan , Tande Palak
Published: February 2022

The ability of regression algorithms to reliably identify the influencing factors of any data on the desired result is irrefutable. With the available techniques, we can investigate the main reason behind the influence of distinguishing factors on a supermarket's sales. We’ll be building a machine learning model that can accurately predict the sales in millions of units for a given product. Our work will investigate the ability of some of the most popular ML regression algorithms to provide this information. Seven regression algorithms will be trained using data collected through supermarket sales. To gain key insights, the algorithms are compared along two axes, prediction quality and usefulness of output. This class of algorithms produces models that can be used to predict performance in sales and indicate the sources of potential market problems and quantify the potential gain.
PANDEMIA E TECNOLOGIA: A TECNOFOBIA COMO TEMA EMERGENTE POR MEIO DE UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA
Authors: De Oliveira Silva Mauricio , Anjos de Moura Marcos , Amorim Santana Tainan
Published: February 2022

A educação é peça fundamental no desenvolvimento de uma sociedade mais justa e plural. Nos tempos de pandemia houve a necessidade de readaptação das aulas presenciais para o ensino remoto, porém, alguns novos problemas podem surgir a partir disso, como a tecnofobia. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi apresentar a temática tecnofobia aos educandos do Ensino Fundamental II e a partir disso, aplicar um questionário para perceber se algum aluno sentiu sintoma/as de tecnofobia durante as aulas remotas e justifica-se pela necessidade de compreensão de como a mudança na forma de ensino pode afetar a saúde mental dos estudantes. O estudo foi conduzido e duas turmas, referentes a uma turma de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) 8º e 9º e uma do 9º ano regular a partir da metodologia quali-quantitativa e de pesquisa-ação por meio de uma sequência didática. Pela pesquisa foi possível levar aos alunos conhecimentos básicos sobre a tecnologia no nosso cotidiano e apresentar o transtorno da tecnofobia, além de capacitar na identificação e busca de soluções sobre esse novo transtorno psicossocial, esclarecer os problemas da situação de estudo, ampliar o conhecimento científico acerca da tecnologia e da tecnofobia e com isso ampliar o nível de consciência quanto a problemática da tecnofobia no nosso cotidiano, outrossim, as aulas remotas podem ter afetado a vida estudantil dos entrevistados, já que apontaram sintomas como sentir-se distante da realidade, tontura e ficarem irritados e abrem discussões do quanto a tecnologia pode substituir o ensino presencial e as inter-relações do universo escolar.
Memimpin dengan Nilai-Nilai Pengajaran Yesus dalam Khotbah di Bukit: Sebuah Studi Implementasi Pada Pemimpin Gereja di Indonesia
Authors: Runtuwene Daniel
Published: February 2022

Pemimpin gereja diharapkan untuk memiliki nilai-nilai yang positif dalam kehidupannya, tidak hanya dalam kehidupan gereja / pelayanan, tapi juga dalam kehidupan di loka pasar, yaitu dalam keluarga, pekerjaan, bisnis dan sebagainya.  Pemimpin-pemimpin ini diharapkan untuk memberi inspirasi kepada para pengikutnya dengan memberikan impartasi nilai-nilai yang positif melalui perilaku mereka yang positif. Masalah timbul karena harapan dan kenyataan tidak sama.  Artikelini menjelaskan Model nilai-nilai yang diambil dari pengajaran Yesus dalam Kotbah di Bukit yang meliputi 5 dimensi kehidupan: rohani (spiritual), misi (missional), hubungan (relational), pengembangan (developmental) dan kekal (eternal). Implementasi dari model ini dipelajari secara empiris pada 565 pemimpin gereja dari berbagai daerah dan denominasi di Indonesia.  Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan survei secara eksplanatori dilakukan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemimpin gereja sering mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai tersebut dan dimensi rohani (Spiritual) adalah dimensi yang paling dominan menentukan keberhasilan dalam terwujudnya implementasi nilai-nilai tersebut
ECOLOGICAL AND INNOVATIVE COMPONENT OF THE SOCIAL SECTOR OF THE REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors:   Institute of Regional Economics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchelkina S. P.
Published: February 2022

The article considers the basics of the concept of circular economy, which assumes the construc-tion of economic activity on the principles of resource renewal and health conservation of the socio-ecological and economic system, analyzes foreign and domestic experience in stimulating the activity of companies in the field of environmental and innovative management to form a circular model of the economy and suggests directions for environmental and innovative development of Russian regions.
Shifting Between Writing Systems: Some Linguistic Remarks and Typological Observations
Authors: Scarpanti Edoardo
Published: February 2022

Just like human languages, also writing systems tend to change in diachrony, and sometimes they are substituted by new ones, in a process that we can call writing systems shift. The way this process takes place is determined by many conditions, which are here briefly described and discussed. Some recurrent facts suggest that a script shift is a linguistic phenomenon which is strongly marked, and which needs both a strong motivation, inside the speaking community, and a strong motivator, outside the same community. Despite some previous thoughts, in fact, it’s possible that choosing a new writing system is not simply the consequence of an evolution towards a “better” or “more adapt” system, but rather a more general matter of linguistic identity, which involves the whole speaking community.
النهج اليسير في الإعداد و التحضير : سلسلة دراسات في المناهج و طرق التدريس
Authors: ، يوسف سليمان الطاهر
Published: February 2022

النهج اليسير في الإعداد و التحضير : سلسلة دراسات في المناهج و طرق التدريس

 

هذا البحث يمثل حلقة في سلسلة دراسات أقوم بها عن التعليم و قضاياه و من أولويات قضاياه (التحضير و إعداد الدرس)، ذلك أني و من واقع خبرتي المديدة، في ممارسة مهنة التدريس المجيدة أدركت أن التحضير كتاب يجب على المعلم أن يقرأه و يستوعبه و يعمل بهديه، و إلا فلن يصلح معلما.

 

و من هنا كان هذا البحث : "المنهج اليسير في الإعداد و التحضير"، و لقد تضمن محتواه بخلاف المقدمة و الخاتمة-المواضيع الآتية :- الأول : التحضير : (مفهومه، و مطلوباته، و دفتره الذي يعد فيه). الثاني : أنواع التحضير : و هي كما أراها ثلاثة :- 1- التحضير الذهني 2- التحضير الكتابي (على الدفتر). 3- التحضير على السبورة. الثالث : الأهداف السلوكية : خلفية عن نشأتها، مجالاتها و مستوياتها، أهميتها كيفية صياغتها و كتابتها.

 

و ختمت البحث بتقديم نصائح للمعلم، تمثل معينا له في الإعداد و التحضير، و لا بد له من اصطحابها جميعا و بلا تقصير.

 

و ذيلت البحث في الآخر بقائمة المراجع و المصادر، ثم ال ملاحق.
أثر القيم الأخلاقية على سياسة تحرير الأخبار : دراسة وصفية تحليلية
Authors: ، ناهد حمزة محمد صالح
Published: February 2022

أثر القيم الأخلاقية على سياسة تحرير الأخبار : دراسة وصفية تحليلية

 

موضوع البحث : أثر القيم الأخلاقية على سياسة تحرير الأخبار، دراسة وصفية تحليلية. مشكلة البحث : لكل أمة من الأمم نظام أخلاقي تتميز به عن غيرها و تتأثر به تركيبة الفرد و المجتمع و ينعكس ذلك على النظام الإعلامي. تطرح الباحثة منظومة القيم الأخلاقية لمعرفة أثرها على سياسة تحرير الأخبار و ذلك من خلال الإجابة على التساؤلات التالية : 1.

 

ما طبيعة القيم الأخلاقية ؟ و ما خصائصها ؟. 2.

 

ماذا نقصد بالقيم الإخبارية ؟؟. 3.

 

كيف تؤثر القيم الاقتصادية و ما يتعلق بها من سياسات تمويل على تحرير الأخبار ؟؟. 4.

 

هل يمكن وضع مقارنة للقيم الأخلاقية بين الفكر الإعلامي الغربي و الفكر الإعلامي الإسلامي.
العلاقة الاستدلالية بين الرضا الوظيفي و المتغيرات الشخصية لأعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة أم درمان الإسلامية : دراسة ميدانية
Authors: ، مروة محمد عبد الباقي سراج
Published: February 2022

العلاقة الاستدلالية بين الرضا الوظيفي و المتغيرات الشخصية لأعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة أم درمان الإسلامية : دراسة ميدانية

 

 

يهدف هذا البحث غلى اختبار العلاقة الاستدلالية بين الرضا الوظيفي و المتغيرات الشخصية لأعضاء هيئة التدريس بالكليات النظرية بجامعة أم درمان الإسلامية، شارك في هذه الدراسة 21 عضوا من أعضاء هيئة التدريس بكلية العلوم الإدارية، و لقد تم استخدام طريقة مربع كاي (س2) للاستدلال على العلاقة بين الرضا الوظيفي و المتغيرات الشخصية لأعضاء هيئة التدريس، و هذه النتيجة تتفق مع نتائج معظم الدراسات الميدانية السابقة التي أجريت لاختبار العلاقة بين الرضا الوظيفي و المتغيرات الشخصية، و اختتمت الدراسة بأهم التوصيات.
الإرث بالتقدير و الاحتياط
Authors: ، عثمان أحمد عثمان محمد
Published: February 2022

الإرث بالتقدير و الاحتياط

 

إن الهدف الأساسي من هذا البحث هو الوقوف على آراء الفقهاء المسلمين و القانون السوداني و بعض القوانين العربية حول ميراث بعض الورثة الذين تعترضهم بعض الأمور من حيث نوعهم و عددهم و حياتهم و وفاتهم، كما هو الحال في ميراث "الحمل" هل هو موجود أم غير موجود ؟ و هل هو ذكر أم أنثى ؟ و هل هو واحد أم أكثر ؟.

 

و كذلك في حياته و وفاته كما هو الحال في المفقود أحي هو أم ميت عند وفاة مورثه ؟.

 

و كذلك قد يكون الوارث موجودا بالفعل إلا أننا نتردد في نوعه من جهة الذكورة و الأنوثة و ذلك لظهور علامات النوعين عليه كما هو الحال في "الخنثى المشكل"، و قد يكون الإشكال في ثبوت النسب كما هو الحال في ولد الزنا و ولد اللعان فكلاهما غير ثابت من جهة أبيه غلا أنه ثابت من جهة أمه.

 

و قد اخترنا العنوان (الإرث بالتقدير و الاحتياط) و ذلك لأن إرث هؤلاء يكون بالتقدير إذ أننا لا نجزم بحقيقته على الوجه الأكمل، و كذلك بالاحتياط في بعضهم، و ذلك لاحتمال زيادة العدد الوارث أو زيادة الحصة المستحقة.

 

و قد توصل البحث إلى تصنيف و حصر هذه الحالات و استعراض آراء الفقهاء و نصوص القانون السوداني و القانون المصري و السوري في كل الحالات، و توصل البحث إلى آراء قوية مع ذكر أدلتها المستوحاة من النصوص المتفق عليها.

 

و ختمت البحث بالنتائج و التوصيات.
Determination of inoraganic lead in Omdurman Islamic University Press (OIUP)‎
Authors: Rauf A.,Muzzamil, R. Abbas, Awad, Muhammad,
Published: February 2022

Determination of inoraganic lead in Omdurman Islamic University Press (OIUP)‎

في هذه الدراسة تمت دراسة التلوث بمادة الرصاص في مطبعة جامعة أم درمان الإسلامية، في عينات من هواء المطبعة و عينات من دم العاملين بالمطبعة كما تمت دراسة المتغيرات الكيميائية و الحيوية التي يمكن أن تشير إلى التلوث بالرصاص بالإضافة إلى المقابلة الشخصية مع العاملين بالمطبعة. تم فحص مستوى الجلوكوز، البروتين، الأجسام الكيتونية هو الرواسب في عينات البول، و تم فحص مادة البولينا في عينات الدم.

كما جرى تصميم استمارة لدراسة تاريخ العاملين بالمطبعة و الأعراض السريرية التي يعانون منها إن وجدت و يمكن أن تشير إلى التلوث بالرصاص، مثل الصداع المتكرر، مشاكل الجهاز الهضمي، التشنجات صعوبة في الكتابة و غيرها. دراسة مستوى مادة الرصاص في الدم أظهرت أن نسبة هذه المادة في دم العاملين تراوحت بين (1.5 – 34.1) ميكرو جرام / 100 مل، متوسط 7.49 ± 15.66 وجدت الدراسة أن 11.11% من العاملين يتجاوز نسبة الرصاص المستوى المسموح به و الذي يتراوح بين (22 – 7 ملجرام / 100 مل). مستوى الرصاص في الهواء يتراوح بين (3.39 – 1.09) ملجرام / متر مكعب للمتوسط (0.8043 ± 1.622) و هذا المستوى يتجاوز المسموح به من قبل منظمة (ACGJH) و الذي يبلغ 0.15 ملجرام / متر مكعب. دراسة المؤشرات الكيميائية الحيوية تشير إلى مستويات طبيعية في معظمها عدا مستوى البروتين الذي وجد في 22.22 من عينات بول العاملين بالمطبعة. أظهرت الدراسة أنه لا يوجد فرق كبير في نسبة التلوث بين العاملين في مختلف الأقسام في المطبعة، و عزى ذلك إلى تصميم المطبعة الذي يعتمد على النظام المفتوح بالإضافة لضعف التهوية. اعتبرت الدراسة أن هنالك تلوثا بالرصاص في المطبعة لاسيما و أن الدراسة أجريت في فترة الصيانة الدورية للمطبعة، عليه توصي الدراسة بضرورة إعادة تصميم المطبعة بما يتناسب مع المواصفات الصحية بالإضافة إلى زيادة التهوية، كما توصي الدراسة بقياس الرصاص في المطبعة بشكل دوري.
القيمة التربوية المضمونة في معاني أسلوب الاستفهام عند سورة البقرة
Authors: Komalasari Nunung
Published: February 2022

This research aims to analyze the verses of the Qur'an that use interrogative style and researching its relationship with educational values that are common in Indonesian culture and educational values in Islam.  In this research the researcher reveals the meanings of interrogative sentences that used in the verses which means figure of speech (connotative). In this research, researcher used qualitative method, while the technique used in writing this research is an analytical technique from the point of view of education and describes it deductively. The interrogative style is one of the language styles insya’ thalabiy that exists in the study of balaghah science directly and indirectly, and the discussion about the structure of the interrogative sentence can go beyond its original meaning in balaghah (asking for information about something that is not known), and sometimes the meaning is intended to show another meaning in a figurative way with the differences of opinion between the Balaghah experts or the Mufassirs.. And the results of this research, it is known that in surah al-Baqarah there are many interrogative verses that contain educational values, and most of them contain social educational value, religious educational value, and the moral educational value,
Women in Sudanese Construction Industry
Authors: A. H. Merghani
Published: February 2022

Women usually find it difficult to integrate into the Construction Industry (CI); and many leave without achieving their goals and/or utilizing their true potentials. “The Leaky Pipe Syndrome” through which women opt out of CIat different stages of their career is a common scenario around the world.Moreover, a “Glass Wall”, traditional horizontal employment segregation, still persists in Sudanese CI coupled with a “Glass Ceiling Phenomena” which describes a vertical segregation limiting women chances in reaching seniordecision-making positions. A previous study by the author highlighted the existence of these phenomena in the Sudanese CI.As part of a 3-year (2010-2012) research project on women participation in Sudanese CI, two extensive surveys were conducted to examine the current situation of women in CI in Khartoum. The surveys interviewed femaleemployees and their employers in consultancy, contracting, services, material suppliers and entrepreneurs. It investigated aspects dealing with status quo, training, barriers, discrimination, social image and future outlook for the roleof women in Sudanese CI. Through in depth analysis of collected data; this paper investigates the underlying factors, their manifestation in the workplace and the way forward towards a more active role for women in Sudanese CI.The research analyses similar literature and attempts to bring a comparative multidisciplinary, social, cultural and psychological perspective to the problem.The results highlighted certain barriers and constraints facing women in CI. Job retention of CI jobs was found to be particularly problematic for women affecting their professional career prospects. Their progress in the first 5-10years in the job was found to be more variable than men and their move from junior to middle positions is particularly difficult. However, the results also indicated a positive cultural change towards women employment in generaland in CI in particular.
Codes of Practice for Geotechnical Engineering: Site Investigations ( SI ): Review Paper
Authors: Ahmed Elfatih M. A.
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a review of some national and regional codes of practice in the area of Geotechnical engineering siteinvestigation (SI). The goal is to identify some significant issues relevant to professional practice in Sudan and to highlight howthey were approached and dealt with in different codes.The scope of the SI comprises the number of points to be investigated. these may be test pits, boreholes, fieldsoundings, geophysical soundings. The extent of the SI is generally described by the depth of boreholes and /or typesof field soundings. The scope and extent of SI are strongly related to the types of structures and loadings as well as to thegeotechnical character of the site.The final result of the SI is presented in a geotechnical report, including field work, laboratory work and recommendationsfor design and construction. The report must be prepared by an experienced Geotechnical Engineer.The fact that SI is usually carried out in the very early stages of the project, when even the project funding may not havebeen fully secured, tends to create a situation where costs available for SI may be restricted. It is widely believed that SI isa very significant component of any civil engineering project. While the cost of the SI is a minor component, it is of majorimportance to project risk management and will positively affect total costs.

It is recommended that a Sudanese Code of Practice for Geotechnical Engineering be adopted to regulate and upgradethe professional practice in this area. This activity should be carried out under the auspices of the national Standardsorganization. The Sudanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering can be instrumental in theseactivities.
The Effect of Non-Orthogonal Forms on Energy Consumption in Tall Office BuildIngs
Authors: Merghani Abubakr Hussein , Ali Malaz Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on the relation between the building form and energy performance in tall ofﬁce buildings. It deals with one common generic ar-chitectural form of contemporary designs and its derivations. The LT (Light and Thermal) method, developed in UK, was used to estimate expected en-ergy consumption after adjusting its assumptions to suit Khartoum’s climatic conditions and non-orthogonal forms. The ﬁndings of this study can be quite useful for architects at early stages of the design process (sketch and pre-liminary design) when no detailed information is available yet for advanced simulation and energy performance assessment techniques. The ﬁndings compare calculated energy consumption of ﬁve selected forms: box, twisted box, tapered box, bent box and tapered twisted box. The conclusions suggest that up to one-third of the variations in energy consumption could be at-tributed to changes in basic forms at early design stages. Self-shading forms with controlled glazing ratio perform noticeably better than other forms.
EXTREME COLD DISCOMFORT IN EXTREME HOT CLIMATES, A STUDY OF BUILDING OVERCOOLING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS IN QATAR
Authors: Alnuaimi Abdulla , Natarajan Sukumar
Published: February 2022

Indoor cold discomfort in Qatar due to “building overcooling” is increasing, as air-conditioning prevails, and global temperatures rise. Overcooling is not dependent only on the inappropriate design of cooling systems, but on “international” thermal comfort standards that are not customized for warm climates. International standards are unintentionally biased towards cooler climates and cultures, the application of which in warm climates result in colder indoor temperatures observed by building occupants and increased cooling energy demand. Overcooling is an over-expenditure of energy, resulting in uncomfortably cold indoor thermal conditions, and unnecessary carbon emissions. In this study, the analysis of field data from 6 office buildings in Doha in a range of indoor thermal conditions and investigation of overcooling on occupant comfort and building performance is conducted. The analysis uncovers over 35% of occupants state being uncomfortably cold and a consensus across the surveys highlight comfortable temperatures higher by 2°C from current setpoint temperatures. Greater occupant comfort and energy efficiency are found by increasing the indoor temperature setpoints investigated through thermal comfort analysis and energy simulation models. Around 50% decrease in occupant discomfort and a 15% decrease in cooling energy demand is found. Such an adjustment in Qatar would improve occupant comfort levels and reduce cooling energy demand throughout the existing office building stock.
Numerical Simulation of Ventilation Potential in Traditional Omani House: Bait Al Khandaq as an example
Authors: Murad Khan Hayder
Published: February 2022

The use of cooling systems has increased because of drastic changes introduced after the oil revolution in the local architecture by using modern building designs and practices that may not suit Oman's climate. The traditional architecture in this country is characterized by its passive cooling design features, which the Locals fine-tuned through trial and error. These sustainable passive design practices developed over the ages have the ability to provide healthy and comfortable spaces for their occupants while preserving the environment and natural resources. These strategies are still evident in many traditional settlements and buildings in Oman. The present research evaluates the effect of natural ventilation in achieving thermal comfort in traditional Omani houses. For this purpose, a traditional house in a hot-arid climate zone with vernacular architecture typology was chosen as a case study. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) was used to model the house and analyse the airflow and temperature levels in its spaces. The results show the efficiency of such a design to enhance natural ventilation and thermal comfort in similar geo-climatic regions.
A Ecocrítica e o ensino interdisciplinar de Literatura e Ecologia: um estudo topofóbico-topofílico a partir de obras literárias regionais
Authors: Sarmento Elisângela Campos Damasceno , Moura Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a perspectiva Ecocrítica como uma ferramenta interdisciplinar para o ensino de Literatura e Ecologia, através das contribuições da Geografia Humanista e de outras áreas do conhecimento, a fim de sinalizar possíveis representações do sertanejo e do sertão a partir dos conceitos de topofobia e topofilia, além de utilizar o método da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa, levando em conta três obras literárias regionais, a saber: O Sertanejo (José de Alencar), O Quinze (Rachel de Queiroz) e Vidas Secas (Graciliano Ramos). Apresenta como principais resultados a constatação de que o ensino interdisciplinar de Literatura e Ecologia, mediante a Ecocrítica, possibilita uma aprendizagem mais profunda e significativa. Portanto, tal abordagem favorece a interdisciplinaridade, posto que busca dissolver as fragmentações, unindo as partes ao todo, com vistas a uma melhor compreensão das relações entre o homem e o ambiente.
Pemilihan Bahan dan Bentuk Kemasan untuk Produk Rumahan di LPKA II Bandung
Authors: Amalia Anisa , Nursal Fith Khaira , Nining Nining
Published: February 2022

Pemilihan kemasan merupakan salah satu pengembangan produk yang dapat dilakukan untuk dapat meningkatkan harga jual dari suatu produk dan merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam mempertahankan mutu, keamanan dan khasiat dari suatu produk selama masa penyimpanan dan penggunaan. Edukasi mengenai pemilihan kemasan merupakan salah satu program pembinaan lanjutan yang dilaksanakan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) II Bandung. Pada kegiatan ini peserta terdiri atas 18 anak didik lapas (andikpas) yang berusia dibawah 18 tahun. Selain materi mengenai pemilihan kemasan, peserta juga diberikan workshop berupa cara pembuatan sabun cair sari nanas dan pembuatan label kemasan produk kosmetik. Pencapaian target luaran dinilai dengan membandingkan rata-rata nilai pretest dan posttest yang diperoleh oleh peserta. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan rata-rata nilai posttest bila dibandingkan nilai pretest, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (sig 2-tailed > 0,0005) yang menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh pemberian materi dan workshop pada anak didik LPKA II Bandung.
Adapting Data Collection Tools for Qualitative Research in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: jain Neha , Brockova Katarina
Published: February 2022

Over the last decades, qualitative research had gained increasing acceptance in studying experience of individuals and groups, events, process in phenomenon in diverse field of study like anthropology, sociology, health, and nursing, organizational and management, to name a few. Qualitative research encouraged an interaction between the researcher and the subject of study, with the researcher acting as an instrument of research and investigating the real-life experiences of the subjects under study. Qualitative data collection tools like field study, focus group interviews, observation, required a closer interaction between the researcher and the subject of study. However, in times of COVID-19 pandemic following the year 2019, several social restrictions to personal meeting, travel, and field visits were in placed internationally. Qualitative researchers were therefore required, by the needs of the time, to adapt the data collection and observation methods. Following a content analysis of the available scientific literature digitally, this study analyzed the changing landscape of qualitative data collection tools. This paper attempts to highlight how qualitative data collection tools can be adapted to the times during and post COVID-19 pandemic. With the help of tools like online video calls, asynchronous interviews, virtual reality devices and camera tours, alternatives to the conventional qualitative data collection tools could be identified. With benefits of time and cost saving offered by these alternative qualitative data collection tools, the author puts forward the relevance of these alternative tools not only in times of the COVID-19 pandemic but also in post pandemic times.
Neuroprotective effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor on rat hippocampal organotypic slice cultures treated with the 1-42 β–amyloid
Authors: Heo Jae-Hyeok , Hyeon Jaegyeong , Youn Young-Chul
Published: February 2022

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic degenerative neuronal disease. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors involved in neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis can be a potential treatment strategy for AD. Therefore, we performed organotypic hippocampal slice culture to investigate neuroprotective effects by TNF-α inhibitor from β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity.Methods: We cultured the hippocampus of a 7 days postnatal Sprague-Dawley rats with 450 µm thick slices. The tissue slices had been exposed with 100 µM Aβ at an interval of 2 days since 14 days in vitro. Following co-treatment of the tissue slice with 100 µg/ml adalimumab and Aβ, we evaluated adalimumab effect on Aβ induced neurotoxicity by morphological observation of the hippocampus slice cultures with 1 µg/ml propidium iodide (PI) and measuring the expression levels of NeuN, Bcl2, and tau proteins.Results: 100 µM Aβ induced increase of PI-positive fluorescence in the hippocampal slice. The adalimumab as a TNF-α inhibitor showed protective effects for Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and reduced cell death of the CA1 region in hippocampal slice. The expression of NeuN and Bcl2 proteins was significantly decreased by 100 µM Aβ, and increased by co-treatment of 100 µg/ml adalimumab. Phosphorylation of tau protein increased by 100 µM Aβ and decreased by co-treatment of 100 µg/ml adalimumab.Conclusions: Adalimumab reduced the Aβ-induced neurotoxicity of the hippocampal slice culture, inhibited expression of NeuN, Bcl2 proteins and increasing of phophorylated tau protein. These findings would be useful as baseline data in the field of AD research and development of noble drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Nurses in Tertiary Health Care Centres in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria., Orukwowu Udo , Kue Jane Baridah ,   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Published: February 2022

This study examined the factors influencing nurses satisfaction in tertiary health care centres in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. It ascertained the factors that affect nurses’ satisfaction in tertiary health care centers in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Four objectives and hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The population of the study consisted of four hundred and twenty (420) nurses in Government-owned tertiary health care centres in Port Harcourt which was further reduced to a sample size of two hundred and five (205), using Taro Yamane’s formula while Kendall tau b was implored in testing the null hypotheses. The findings revealed that a significant relationship exists between working conditions, pay/salary, professional esteem, bum out and nurses’ job satisfaction in tertiary health care centers in Port Harcourt. It was concluded that if necessary steps are taken, the nurses would be more effective in their job. The recommended steps amongst others are that the working conditions of nurses should be improved, incentives are given, reward for hard work, professional training and salaries paid timely as these will bring about job satisfaction among them.
The Curriculum and Community Enterprise for Restoration Science Making STEM Accessible, Equitable and Environmentally Relevant
Authors: Birney Lauren , McNamara Denise M.
Published: February 2022

Underrepresented and marginalized students have challenges when connecting their personal identities to STEM identities. This has a direct impact on the post-secondary educational and career choices of these students. Some factors which contribute to the disenfranchisement of marginalized students include inequity in academic preparation, students’ lack of self-efficacy and self-identity in STEM, students’ lack of connection to the STEM curriculum and students’ lack of role models and mentors. Although the opportunities in the STEM workforce are abundant and lucrative, students who identify as students of color, female and/or English language learners are poorly represented in the STEM professions. Through the CCERS STEM + C Program, students are asked to expand their STEM identity through near-peer mentoring, encounters with STEM experts and individual STEM Research projects that are focused on the environmental restoration of New York Harbor, its watershed and the native oyster population.