bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vox populi, vox regni : passions, solidarités et développement social en terrain multilingue
Authors: Saggiomo Carmen
Published: May 2024

Toute langue, en tant que langue d’une communauté, est une langue de la mémoire. En ce sens, même dans les évènements les plus lointains, les premiers germes de la société qui a duré jusqu’à aujourd’hui et qui aspire à se prolonger dans l’avenir ont été donnés. Ceci est particulièrement vrai pour les évènements de la Première Guerre mondiale, qui présentaient des traits et des strates spécifiques qui se doivent d’être soigneusement examinés. C’est une guerre qui, représentant une rupture nette par rapport au passé, engendra une implication de toute la société civile qui fut appelée « mobilisation totale ». Ceci présentait plusieurs aspects : 1) on ne pouvait effectuer une telle mobilisation sans impliquer l’ensemble de la communauté ; 2) on ne pouvait réaliser une telle implication sans remettre en cause la quotidienneté, faite d’émotions réelles et de gestes vécus ; 3) on ne pouvait employer une telle quotidienneté sans rappeler les idéaux fondateurs d’une vie commune ; 4) on ne pouvait rappeler ces idéaux sans se référer à certaines racines historiques communes. Bien entendu, toutes ces actions n’étaient réalisables qu’à travers l’utilisation d’une langue, non pas considérée comme un simple instrument véhiculaire mais comme l’expression durable d’une forme de vie communautaire. Vivre ensemble, monde du quotidien, idéaux communs, racines historiques partagées : ce sont là quatre piliers essentiels de toute langue-culture. Il s’agit d’éléments qui – tous – ont appartenu historiquement aux évènements de la Première Guerre mondiale et en particulier aux documents linguistiques et culturels que furent les affiches de propagande de guerre, formes non seulement d’incitation mais également de communication.
La psychologie clinique transculturelle
Authors: Bennabi-Bensekhar Malika
Published: May 2024

La pratique clinique au sein d’une consultation transculturelle et d’un Centre Référent du Langage nous a donné l’occasion de constater des failles dans le repérage des troubles du langage chez quelques enfants confrontés à la pluralité linguistique. La conception d’un test spécifique et une approche transculturelle des troubles du langage montrent qu’il est aussi possible de mettre en valeur tant le bilinguisme que les ressources culturelles du milieu auquel appartient l’enfant.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’adulte
Authors: Laroche-Joubert Mathilde , Dozio Elisabetta
Published: May 2024

La notion de traumatisme psychique est largement utilisée dans le langage courant, suscitant de multiples représentations. Dans le contexte sociopolitique actuel, l’intérêt clinique concernant la prise en charge des patients traumatisés est grandissant. Profondément ancrée dans l’histoire de la psychanalyse, puis de la psychiatrie et de la psychologie clinique, cette fiche présente l’histoire et les évolutions de cette notion à travers les développements des auteurs fondateurs.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’adulte
Authors: Dozio Elisabetta
Published: May 2024

Depuis la fin des années quatre-vingt, l’aide humanitaire commence à prendre en compte la souffrance psychologique et les traumatismes individuels et collectifs. Soigner le traumatisme en contexte humanitaire demande d’adapter les dispositifs thérapeutiques à une culture différente, au décalage entre la temporalité du traumatisme et celle de l’intervention humanitaire ainsi qu’au besoin d’apporter des soins à une large partie de la population.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’adulte
Authors: Laroche-Joubert Mathilde
Published: May 2024

Le groupe thérapeutique, par son dispositif et ses qualités spécifiques, constitue une prise en charge adaptée aux traitements des traumatismes psychiques. Par la régression qu’il impose, la présence plurielle et son travail de contenance, le groupe permet un travail de liaison, de réinscription des éléments archaïques et effroyables du trauma.
Psychoalcoologie à l'hôpital
Authors: Lefranc Delphine , Rotheval Loetitia
Published: May 2024

Le corps est l’objet d’une attention particulière à l’hôpital, mais il est abordé dans son lien à la vie psychique en relaxation. Les techniques de relaxation, comme outil thérapeutique, participent à la consolidation du Moi à travers la prise de conscience du schéma corporel. Ce travail en profondeur sur le corps et les sensations ouvre vers la pensée et la parole. Le travail sur le schéma corporel renforce le sentiment d’exister. La relaxation vient dire quelque chose de soi et active les capacités et ressources internes des patients.
Psychogérontologie fondamentale et théorique
Authors: Moscato Alba , Darnaud Thierry
Published: May 2024

La maltraitance est un concept animé d’une pluralité de définitions, illustrant certainement la difficulté d’en donner une représentation circonscrite. La violence existe de façon universelle chez tous les individus. L’idée subjective de fatalité et d’inévitabilité illustrée par le sentiment de vie qui échappe, et le peu d’améliorations face aux soins apportés par les aidants pour l’âgé, peuvent générer des souffrances conduisant à ne plus pouvoir “penser”. Un sentiment “d’intolérable en soi” pourrait faire violence et conduire à un passage à l’acte d’un acte agressif. Cependant, il n’y a pas d’un côté une personne vulnérable maltraitée et de l’autre un persécuteur maltraitant. Dans chaque situation, les choses sont plus complexes que cela et penser en termes de traitance, nous aide à penser que nous devons travailler la qualité de la relation nourrie par la personne âgée avec son entourage et non sa maladie ou sa personnalité.
Quand le care s'immisce dans les logiques économiques : la présence du soin dans le soutien à l'entrepreneuriat en quartier prioritaire
Authors: Clément Lorena
Published: May 2024

En interrogeant la présence du care dans la politique de soutien à l'entrepreneuriat en quartier prioritaire, l'article décentre le regard des logiques marchandes et instrumentales pour s'intéresser à l'attention portée à autrui dans les activités économiques. Pour ce faire, il s'intéresse aux liens interpersonnels de soin qui organisent l'action et l'accompagnement entrepreneuriaux en s'appuyant sur une enquête de terrain qualitative menée entre 2018 et 2020. En se nourrissant de travaux qui mêlent la géographie des inégalités aux sciences de gestion critiques, celle-ci révèle des pratiques implicites de soin de la part de conseillers et d'entrepreneurs. Bien que ces pratiques de care fondent un rapport de sollicitude aux autres et au monde qui s'oppose à l'image d'un entrepreneuriat individuel et marchand, elles restent d'ordre interindividuel et réduisent peu les inégalités structurelles.
Fractional heat transfer DPL model incorporating an exponential Rabotnov kernel to study an infinite solid with a spherical cavity
Authors: Abouelregal Ahmed E. , Alsharif Faisal , Althagafi Hashem , Alhassan Yazeed
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the thermodynamic reactions of thermoelastic materials by utilizing a modified mathematical fractional thermoelastic model. This model combines a fractional derivative with Rabotnov's exponential kernel and the idea of a two-phase delay, which makes it possible to show thermoelastic behavior more accurately. The model was utilized to investigate an unbounded material with a spherical cavity subjected to a decreasing and shifting heat flux on its inner surface. The problem was solved using analytical approaches, with a strong focus on the Laplace transform. The transform was numerically inverted to provide time-domain results. The study presented graphs that compared the outcomes of utilizing a single kernel fractional derivative with the results obtained using the Rabotnov kernel and fractional order. These graphs showed how the Rabotnov kernel and fractional order affected the physical fields under investigation. This novel theoretical framework has the potential to be advantageous in diverse domains, including engineering, solid mechanics, and materials science.
Analyzing research trends after the international journal transition of the Korean Journal of Medical Education: using topic modeling techniques
Authors: Yune So Jung , Park Kwi Hwa
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the research trends of the Korean Journal of Medical Education (KJME) since it became an English-language journal.Methods: A total of 274 articles published in KJME from 2016 to 2023 were analyzed. All article types were included in the analysis. NetMiner ver. 4.0 (Cyram Inc., Korea) was used for the main keyword and topic modeling analysis.Results: Of the 274 articles, 170 (62%) and 104 (38%) were by domestic and international authors, respectively. The main keywords with high frequency were “students,” “learning,” “experience,” “pandemic,” and “perception.” Three topics were derived using topic matching analysis: “residents’ perception and attitude of the pandemic,” “assessment of learning and achievement,” and “learning experiences in the pandemic.”Conclusion: Since the shift to English-language journals, medical education research has witnessed an increase in the number of articles published by international authors. Research on postgraduate education has increased. Research topics are relevant to situations such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. These findings can help researchers select research topics and encourage them to submit their research to the journal.
Teaching clinical reasoning: principles from the literature to help improve instruction from the classroom to the bedside
Authors: Durning Steven J. , Jung Eulho , Kim Do-Hwan , Lee Young-Mee
Published: May 2024

Clinical reasoning has been characterized as being an essential aspect of being a physician. Despite this, clinical reasoning has a variety of definitions and medical error, which is often attributed to clinical reasoning, has been reported to be a leading cause of death in the United States and abroad. Further, instructors struggle with teaching this essential ability which often does not play a significant role in the curriculum. In this article, we begin with defining clinical reasoning and then discuss four principles from the literature as well as a variety of techniques for teaching these principles to help ground an instructors’ understanding in clinical reasoning. We also tackle contemporary challenges in teaching clinical reasoning such as the integration of artificial intelligence and strategies to help with transitions in instruction (e.g., from the classroom to the clinic or from medical school to residency/registrar training) and suggest next steps for research and innovation in clinical reasoning.
Needs and gaps of faculty development for medical schools
Authors: Im Ji Hyun , Kang Wha Sun , Lee Seung Hee , Jeong Dae Chul , Kim Dae Hyun , Lim Man-Sup , Kim Miran , Seo Ji-Hyun , Lee Dong Hyeon
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Current faculty development (FD) programs are mostly limited to medical education and often lack a comprehensive and systematic structure. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the current status and needs of FD programs in medical schools to provide a basis for establishing FD strategies.Methods: We conducted an online survey of medical school FD staff and professors regarding FD. Frequency, regression, and qualitative content analyses were conducted. FD programs were categorized into the classification frameworks.Results: A total of 17 FD staff and 256 professors at 37 medical schools participated. There are gaps between the internal and external FD programs offered by medical schools and their needs, and there are gaps between the programs the professors participated in and their needs. Recent internal and external FD programs in medical schools have focused on educational methods, student assessment, and education in general. Medical schools have a high need for leadership and self-development, and student assessment. Furthermore, professors have a high need for leadership and self-development, and research. The number of participants, topics, and needs of FD programs varied depending on the characteristics of individual professors.Conclusion: Medical schools should expand their FD programs to meet the needs of individuals and the changing demands of modern medical education. The focus should be on comprehensive and responsive programs that cover various topics, levels, and methods. Tailored programs that consider professors’ professional roles, career stages, and personal interests are essential for effective FD.
Kevin, « médiateur covid » : Récit d’une vocation déçue
Authors: Faya Robles Alfonsina , Soulier Alexandra , Boulaghaf Laurence
Published: May 2024

En pleine crise du covid-19, certaines initiatives locales ont amené des professionnels de santé à construire des dispositifs de médiation dans les quartiers populaires afin de transmettre des messages de santé publique à des populations qu’ils estimaient mal informées. En enquêtant sur l’un de ces dispositifs de « médiation covid » dans une grande ville de l’est de la France, nous avons rencontré Kevin qui a été médiateur pendant six mois. À travers le récit de son expérience, nous découvrons comment un dispositif « bricolé » en temps de crise peut tenter de concilier différents modèles préventifs et ainsi donner lieu à des utilisations contradictoires de la médiation pair en tant qu’outil de participation, d’émancipation et de légitimation institutionnelle. Cette étude de cas, analysée comme la rencontre particulière entre une personne et un dispositif, illustre aussi la tension entre la dimension vocationnelle, très présente dans les métiers socio-sanitaires et la précarisation du travail dans le champ de la santé publique.
La datafication des politiques de santé et l’écosystème des données numériques de santé au Sénégal
Authors: Tichenor Marlee
Published: May 2024

Les exigences des acteurs de la santé mondiale pèsent sur les systèmes de santé des pays qui bénéficient de leurs financements, et plus particulièrement sur les infrastructures de données numériques liées à la santé. Celles-ci suscitent en effet des attentes différentes de part et d’autre : alors que les financeurs souhaitent avant tout pouvoir utiliser ces données pour justifier leurs investissements auprès de leurs actionnaires, les pays bénéficiaires espèrent grâce à elles recueillir des informations sur et pour leurs politiques sanitaires. Ces objectifs contradictoires engendrent des systèmes d’information fragmentaires et incomplets dans les pays qui dépendent des fonds mondiaux pour la santé mondiale pour soutenir les infrastructures de données. Dans cet article, j’étudie le cas de la couverture maladie universelle au Sénégal — parallèlement aux discours mondiaux – pour montrer comment cet écosystème des données de santé est établi et entretenu.
L’étude des trajectoires professionnelles, une contribution à l’histoire de l’urbanisme. Le cas d’Étienne de Groër (1882-1952)
Authors: Bertoni Angelo
Published: May 2024

La trajectoire professionnelle d’Étienne de Groër permet de suivre l’évolution des théories urbanistiques dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, marquées notamment par la progressive affirmation de l’échelle régionale et par la consolidation du binôme plan-règlement d’urbanisme. Son parcours révèle aussi les difficultés et les errements de la profession d’urbaniste, qui encore dans les années 1930, fait face à une commande publique balbutiante et à la concurrence d’autres corps de métiers. Dans ce contexte, la collaboration étroite avec un urbaniste de renom, Donat-Alfred Agache, et la mobilité internationale jouent un rôle clé dans l’affirmation professionnelle d’Étienne de Groër. Lisbonne et d’autres villes importantes portugaises lui offrent l’occasion de mettre en œuvre et d’affiner sa pensée urbanistique, dans laquelle l’idée de la cité-jardin occupe une place centrale.
El final del proyecto constructivo e iconográfico de la iglesia de la Victoria de Málaga. Las vidrieras de Maumejean, 1971
Authors: Morales Folguera José Miguel , Morales Folguera Julio Antonio
Published: May 2024

En el año 1971 se lleva a cabo la colocación de ocho vidrieras en el Camarín de la Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga por la Casa de Vidrieras Maumejean, creada en el año 1860 en la ciudad francesa de Pau. A partir del año 1898 los hermanos Maumejean fundaron varios talleres en España, que se van a convertir en los suministradores más importantes tanto para edificios públicos como privados. Las vidrieras del Camarín del Santuario de la Patrona de la ciudad de Málaga, una de las obras más importantes del Barroco Español, se realizaron dentro de una estética neobarroca, que copian cuadros del Museo del Prado, dos de los cuales se hallan depositados en el Museo de Málaga. Su iconografía se basó en escenas de la vida de la Virgen, elegidas de los Misterios del Santo Rosario.
Tensions et convergences dans la conception de nouveaux outils d’intelligence artificielle pour l’oncologie : le cas de la radiomique
Authors: Anichini Giulia , Mignot Léo
Published: May 2024

La radiomique est un domaine récent qui vise à extraire des informations quantitatives d’images médicales et à découvrir des biomarqueurs capables d’affiner la catégorisation des patients et d’améliorer leur prise en charge. En oncologie, des cliniciens sont amenés à côtoyer des scientifiques experts en traitement des images et à collaborer à la conception de nouveaux modèles prédictifs basés sur des méthodes d’intelligence artificielle. Cet article montre comment la technicisation des outils diagnostiques et pronostiques explique à la fois une convergence d’intérêts dans un domaine en vue qui permet une accumulation de capital scientifique et les tensions qui touchent, entre autres, les critères de validation des technologies. Notamment, les métriques de performance utilisées par les chercheurs ne sont pas à même pour les cliniciens de mesurer leur utilité clinique, jugée à l’aune des contextes d’utilisation. Les nouveaux biomarqueurs d’imagerie sont alors passés au crible de diverses normes et leur succès dépend du travail d’articulation entre savoirs médicaux et computationnels.
A Survey of Cryptographic Data Protection and Machine Learning
Authors: Kanagavalli V. R. , Meenakshi A.
Published: May 2024

In an era of information flooding, a data breach not only results in economic loss, but also a loss of goodwill for the business applications. Cryptographic algorithms have been studied and applied for the protection of sensitive data for a very long time. Machine learning applications deal with an enormous amount of data where the data may be critical and sensitive. There are a plethora of machine learning applications where cryptography is applied for the protection of data. In the same way, machine learning algorithms can be used for implementing cryptographic algorithms. It is used for analyzing and finding hidden patterns to improve the credibility of the security algorithms. This chapter analyzes the contribution of cryptography to machine learning algorithms and vice versa. It also describes the challenges and opportunities in application and interaction between these two fields.
The Growth and Development of Data Security Using Cryptography Algorithms and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: V. Raja
Published: May 2024

Cryptography is an important technique for protecting information and communications. It utilizes codes to ensure that only the intended recipients can access and understand the content. In the field of computer science, cryptography relies on mathematical concepts and algorithms are used to transform messages into an encrypted form. In our current era of increasing internet and information technology, securing data has become a vital concern. The cryptography algorithms are used to protect the data from unauthorized users, the machine learning algorithms are used to identify the common similarity between the huge data set. Both the ideologies differ from one to another, but in this chapter discusses the connection between the giant models in a newer way. The evolution of cryptography, from ancient times to modern technology, is explored in this chapter.
Fortifying Machine Learning, Data Privacy, and Secure Collaboration
Authors: Shyamala Madhuri P. , Amutha B. , Kumar D. J. Nagendra
Published: May 2024

The utilitarianism of machine learning (ML) techniques introduces an additional layer of security to ML applications. In the domain of cybersecurity, ML continuously evolves by analyzing data to identify patterns, thus enhancing the capacity to detect malware in encrypted traffic, recognize insider threats, predict online “bad neighborhoods” for safer browsing, and protect cloud-stored data by uncovering suspicious user behavior. Simultaneously, privacy-preserving techniques, exemplified by homomorphic encryption and multi-party computation, empower the training of ML models on sensitive data without exposing the raw information. Privacy-preserving techniques, notably statistical disclosure control (SDC), benefit data sharing. SDC seeks to mitigate the risk of disclosing confidential information by employing privacy-preserving techniques for data de-identification. Research integrates privacy-preserving techniques into ML, advancing diverse PPML for secure data analysis in academia and industry.
Supply Chain Governance Using DAO
Authors: Gurunathan Sujatha
Published: May 2024

Supply chain management is practised as an intricate net of numerous policies and mechanisms set in order to fully allow industries to work together for the customers. The decision making process needs to be quick and succinct in order to facilitate effective action. Currently, many organisations find it difficult to successfully navigate the chain and might delay the decision making process, which leads to huge losses. This application makes it possible to simplify the consensus reaching process with the involvement of stakeholders. The decisions are taken with the detailed input of some of the members at each level of the chain so that a realistic view is available for the major stakeholders to reach a meaningful decision. A DAO was considered to be suitable for this application due to its capability to aid versatile use-cases in general crypto-governance.
Beyond Individuals
Authors: Reddy K. S. Gamanika
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This review explores the transformative role of women-led social enterprises globally, addressing economic, social, and personal dimensions. It examines innovative models, challenges, and opportunities faced by these enterprises. Through case studies, it emphasizes microfinance, training, and market access for support. It highlights their impact on community development, environmental conservation, and poverty alleviation, emphasizing intersectionality and inclusive practices. Additionally, it underscores technology and government policies in enhancing scalability and sustainability. Advocating for collaboration and policy changes, it aims to advance gender equality and inclusive development worldwide.
Reversible-Prior-Based Spectral-Spatial Transformer for Efficient Hyperspectral Image Reconstruction
Authors: Cai Zeyu , Liu Zheng , Yu Jian , Zhang Ziyu , Da Feipeng , Jin Chengqian
Published: May 2024

The task of reconstructing a 3D cube from a 2D measurement is not well-defined in spectral imaging. Unfortunately, existing Deep Unfolding Network (DU) and End-to-End (E2E) approaches can't strike an optimal balance between computational complexity and reconstruction quality. The goal of this study is to think about ways to merge the E2E's violent mapping with DU's iterative method. Our proposed deep learning framework, the Reversible-prior-based Spectral-Spatial Transformer, combines the high-quality reconstruction capabilities of DU with the advantages of having fewer parameters and lower computing cost, similar to the E2E approach. SST-ReversibleNet uses a reversible prior to project the end-to-end mapping reconstruction results back into the measurement space, construct the residuals between the reprojection and the actual measurement, and improve reconstruction accuracy. Extensive trials show that our SST-ReversibleNet outperforms cutting-edge approaches by at least 0.8 dB and only use 34.3% Params and 44.1% giga floating-point operations per second (GFLOP).
Text Mining-Based Study on Consumer Satisfaction in the Mobile Phone Market
Authors: Zhou Qun , Chen Meihua , Chen Junying , Chen Keren , Tsai Sang-Bing
Published: May 2024

In the current context of rapid technological advancement, smartphones have become an indispensable part of people's daily lives. This has led to an increasing focus on the satisfaction of consumers with smartphone products, as understanding consumer emotions and satisfaction has become a key factor for manufacturers and retailers to enhance the quality of products and services. This study delves into the satisfaction of consumers with smartphones in the market through an in-depth application of text mining techniques, leveraging advanced technologies such as natural language processing, sentiment analysis, and topic modeling. Our research methodology encompasses the process of collecting and preprocessing a substantial volume of consumer reviews from online shopping platforms. Subsequently, we apply Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for sentiment analysis.
INFLUENCE OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS ON CELL VIABILITY, NECROSIS AND APOPTOSIS
Authors: Mariani F. , Cappelli G. , Eremenko T. , Volpe P.
Published: May 2024

The static magnetic fields, in the range from 0 to 670 mT, heavily influenced not only the rates of viability, necrosis and apoptosis of human macrophages, but also the expression of their membranal protein markers CD14 and CD64. The infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis led to a significant decrease of these harmful magnetic-field effects. [...]
INTERACTION BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND AUDITORY ORGANS
Authors: Cappello V. , Mesolella M. , Di Lorenzo G. , Bencivenga S. , Quarto E.
Published: May 2024

The Authors report their experience on the effect of electromagnetic waves on the ear (cochlea) and the auditory function. In particular, the use of electromagnetic sources (radio, TV, mobile telephones etc.) probably cause hyperthermia in the coclea capable of producing physiological variations of the answer to stimulus in relation to the inactivation and/or progressive modification of enzymatic activity, variations of trans-membrane ionic exchanges and modifications of the cellular metabolism of calcium. Following studies will be supported by epidemiological validation of this cause-effect relationship. [...]
Knowledge and attitude regarding noncommunicable diseases among school-going girls in Ghaziabad
Authors: Jetli Neha , Agrawal Deepika , Kumar A. Revanth , Singh Anupama , Gaur Ashish , Gupta Gajendra Kumar
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic health conditions that do not spread from person to person. Once considered the epidemic of the affluent, now they are gripping low- and middle-income countries. Disability caused by NCDs has risen from 21% of the total disease burden in 1990 to 34% by 2019. Major causes include poor nutrition, physical inactivity, unregulated usage of tobacco and alcohol, inaccessible healthcare, and unhealthy environment. Therefore, giving the correct information about the long-term effects of adopting unhealthy habits should be emphasized among adolescents.

Objectives:

The objective is to study the impact of awareness session on knowledge and attitude regarding NCDs among school-going girls in Ghaziabad city.

Materials and Methods:

A School-based intervention study was conducted in a selected Government School in Ghaziabad city. A predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the students to assess their baseline knowledge and attitude. After the awareness session, the same questionnaire was administered again. The data were compiled and analyzed using MS Excel 2016, and appropriate statistical method like McNemar's test was applied.

Results:

Among the 216 study participants, 75.9% could differentiate between Communicable and NCDs correctly which increased to 89.8% after the session. Regarding the identification of major NCDs pre- and post-session proportions were 59% and 68%, respectively. The attitude of majority of the students (99%) remained positive from the starting. They believed that these diseases are preventable and lifestyle modifications are protective.

Conclusion:

Considerable improvement was observed in the awareness levels of the school students regarding NCDs after attending the health awareness session. When correct information is imparted, students develop a positive attitude and are encouraged to develop a healthy lifestyle. Hence, it is recommended that regular awareness sessions should be organized in schools to build a healthy nation.
Caudal anesthesia for hemorrhoidectomy in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Lakhanpal Mahima , Kumar Ritesh , Yadav Isha , Sarkar Debapriya , Aggarwal Ankita
Published: May 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis has always been a challenge to anesthesiologists due to its multisystem involvement. Both airway management and regional anesthesia administration is quite difficult as vertebral and ligaments fusion makes spine stiff and neck movements difficult. We report a case of a 42-year-old male posted for hemorrhoidectomy with a stiff spine and negligible neck movement. The successful caudal epidural block was administered after failure to reach subarachnoid space in multiple attempts.
Therapeutic effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts: A review
Authors: Anaeigoudari Akbar
Published: May 2024

Medicinal plants, as a good therapeutic strategy, can be used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases. Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) is a plant from Apiaceae family. Numerous reports indicate that C. sativum has positive effects on anxiety, seizure, learning and memory ability, as well as pain. This annual plant can also treat colitis, increase appetite, reduce blood pressure, and attenuate myocardial damage. Additionally, it improves liver and kidney function and diabetes mellitus and inhibits osteoclast activity. These beneficial effects of C. sativum mainly are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present paper reviews the impacts of C. sativum on different body systems. Information was extracted by searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from January 2010 until the end of February 2024.
Neuroprotective effect of liraglutide and memantine in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bakhshwin Duaa M. , Alhalabi Foziya W. , Barasheed Mohamad Omar , Bakhshwin Ahmed M. , Jamal Maha H. , Bazuhair Mohammed A. , Kamel Fatemah O. , Magadmi Rania M. , Damanhouri Zoheir A , Alsaggaf Samar M.
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To assess the effect of memantine combined with liraglutide on aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and D-galactose (D-GAL)- induced neurotoxicity in rats.

Methods:

Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 animals each: the positive control, the negative control, the memantine-treated group, the liraglutide-treated group, and the combination group treated with memantine and liraglutide. AlCl3 and D-GAL were used to induce neurotoxicity. Behavioral tests, brain beta-amyloid protein, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated.

Results:

The Morris water maze test indicated an enhanced memory in the combination group. Moreover, the combination treatment of liraglutide and memantine resulted in a remarkable reduction in the beta-amyloid protein level in the brain tissue. Neuronal inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly reduced, and the levels of antioxidant parameters were enhanced.

Conclusions:

The combination of liraglutide and memantine exerts neuroprotective effects and enhances memory and cognitive functions in rats with Alzheimer’s disease.
Resurgence of measles virus infection in an eliminated country, Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando Merennage Anusha Yasanthi , Chathuranga Gankandage Prabhath , Abeygunasekara Kaanthaka Gunaradha , Weligamage Dedunu Dias , Abeynayake Janaki Indira
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To describe the situation of measles in Sri Lanka from May to November, 2023 and to define the role of virology laboratory towards case confirmation and epidemiological and genetic characterization of the outbreak.

Methods:

This retrospective study analyzed all samples tested for measles from 1st of May to 30th of November, 2023 at National Measles Rubella Laboratory, Sri Lanka. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) algorithm, serum and oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs were tested with WHO recommended kits for anti-measles IgM and measles virus specific RNA, respectively. Selected RNA positive samples were sequenced at reference laboratory, India. Analysis of sequencing data and construction of phylogenetic tree were carried out at National Measles Rubella Laboratory. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results:

Of the total 1132 serum samples and 497 oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs from 1326 patients, 657 (49.5%) patients were confirmed as measles by anti-measles IgM, measles virus specific RNA or both. Males (55.6%, n=365) and the age group from >20 to ≤30 years (33.0%, n=217) predominated positive patients. All provinces reported measles positive cases. All samples sequenced (100%, n=42) were genotype D8 with 95.2% (n=40) bearing Victoria. Australia origin.

Conclusions:

We described resurgence of measles in an eliminated country, confirming the genotype to be D8, one of the two genotypes currently circulating globally. Further, the study strongly convinced the importance of a strengthened virological surveillance system in an eliminated country, despite its eliminated status.
Extending the Lifeline of Renal Failure Patients by Endovascular Fistula Salvage
Authors: Khurana Ankita , Pawar Pranay , Mahajan Amit , Luther Anil , Rajamanickam Timothy
Published: May 2024

The establishment and maintenance of durable and functional access are a top priority in end-stage renal disease patients. The traditional method of treatment of failing arteriovenous fistula has been thrombectomy. Over the recent years, percutaneous methods for thrombus dissolution have become alternate treatment modalities. We would like to report a case series of endovascular fistula salvage.
Prevalence and Causes of Endemic Hydric Fluorosis in a Village in Rural Karnataka, India
Authors: Isaac Arjunan , Pruthvish S. , Radhika K. , Murthy N. S.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Fluorosis is caused because of excessive fluoride intake. Karnataka is one among the states that have reported high fluoride content in the groundwater. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and clinical manifestations suggestive of fluorosis, along with the causes for fluorosis among the population of Kaiwara village.

Methodology:

The present cross-sectional survey was performed among 3003 permanent residents of Kaiwara village. Demographic details such as age, occupation, education, economic status, and anthropometric details were recorded. Parameters such as predominant diet, genu valgum, and grades of goiter were studied and recorded to determine their association with fluorosis. Dean's index was used to detect dental fluorosis. The levels of fluoride in urine were estimated using the ELICO-LI-126 Fluoride ion analyzer.

Results:

The most observed age group among study subjects was 10–49 years (males: 813 and females: 1304). Age, diet, genu valgum, and grade of goiter were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with Dean's index. Of the study subjects, about 11.8% were unable to touch their toes indicating fluorosis. 2.075 mg/dl was the mean baseline fluoride level found in all the four samples from the main water tanks supplying water to the village. Out of 100 urine samples randomly taken, all had fluoride levels above the acceptable levels (>0.1 ppm).

Conclusion:

Hydric fluorosis is endemic among the general population of Kaiwara village in Karnataka. The main leading cause for fluorosis occurrence in this region might be due to high fluoride levels reported in the groundwater.
Dead Body Management of Epidemic Victims
Authors: Ghanizadeh Ghader , Seyedin Hesam , Dowlati Mohsen , Marzaleh Milad Ahmadi
Published: May 2024

Environmental health issues and epidemic pandemic aspects including infection spread during managing dead bodies revealed that infectious diseases and the associated mortality were often caused by infectious pathogens due to mismanagement of dead bodies. Dead body management is one of the main environmental health challenges during and after disasters and emergencies, especially following epidemic. This systematic review aimed to investigate the dead body management of epidemic victims. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. In this study, electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Pro Quest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, were searched from March 1, 1970, to September 30, 2021. A comprehensive literature search was performed using scientific databases and gray literature. A thematic synthesis approach was used to analyze the data. In total, 2764 articles were identified, 11 of which met the inclusion criteria for entering the process of final synthesis. The findings showed three main sections, including (1) dead body management in the hospital and transfer of epidemic victims, (2) mortuary, shrouding, funeral, and burial of epidemic victims, and (3) management of families and risk communication. Implementation of the standards and protocols during dead body management of epidemic victims is essential with the aim of saving the lives of service providers and participants in ceremonial washing and burial.
Evaluation of the Bacterial Contamination of Air and Surfaces in Different Dental Environments
Authors: Mirhoseini Seyed Hamed , Bayani Mojtaba
Published: May 2024

Aim:

In dental clinic environment, dental staff and patients are daily exposed to many types of infectious agents transported by aerosols and droplets, promoting an increased risk of cross infection. The aim of this study was to assess the level of bacterial contamination of air and surfaces in different wards of the educational clinic in Arak University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods:

Samples were obtained from the air and surfaces of five active wards of the dental school clinic. Air sampling was performed actively at ½ and 2 m distances from two random units in each ward. Sampling from surfaces was conducted using a wet sterile swab from the washing sink and handpiece after disinfection. Grown colonies were counted and bacterial phenotyping was based primarily on morphology, Gram-staining, endospore formation, catalase activity, and cytochrome oxidase presence. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal–Wallis test was used at a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:

Bacterial contamination was detected in all of 80 samples taken from the surfaces of different sections. Regarding the total number of colonies growing from surface samples, there was no significant difference between the studied wards (P > 0.05). The mean concentration of airborne bacteria in the pediatric ward (488 CFU/m3) at a distance of 0.5 m and the surgical ward (339 CFU/m3) at a distance of 2 m had the highest value compared to other wards. In general, there was no statistically significant difference between the total density of airborne bacteria at distances of 0.5 and 2 m (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Bacterial contamination in the environment of the dentistry clinic increases during the treatment process. The clinic's space, the types of the ward and treatment process, and distance from the unit are among the factors affecting the type and diffusion extent of microbial aerosols.
Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water and its Gastrointestinal Health Effects on Residents of Vadodara City
Authors: Patel Sangita Vashrambhai , Khokhariya Rahul D. , Rathod Jagruti , Chatterji Deya G. , Patel Jesal
Published: May 2024

Aims:

The present study was conducted to assess the gastrointestinal health effects and other health effects due to consumption of drinking water, to analyze the water quality parameters (bacteriological and free residual chlorine), and to find out the methods of purification of water at household level and hand washing technique among people in urban Vadodara.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out at urban Vadodara city. 2609 participants were included in the study from among 720 households. 60 households from each selected water tank area were included. Interviews were conducted to know the health effects of water as well as method of purification, hand-washing technique, and the history of gastrointestinal problems. Thirty-eight water samples were tested hydrogen sulfide (H2S) strip test and multiple tube method.

Results:

4.21% had history of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks. 0.99% had typhoid and 0.65% had history of Jaundice in the past year. H2S Strip test was Negative and no single coliform was found in all 38 water samples. The free chlorine levels in all the tanks were found to be higher than the normal levels. 43.05% participants were using simple cloth or sieve for purification of water followed by 35.97% participants were using reverse osmosis. 14.25% participants were not washing hands before cooking while 5.13% participants were not washing hands after going toilet.

Conclusion:

Supplied drinking water was bacteriologically safe. Despite that history of diarrhea, typhoid and jaundice was found in the study area.
The Effects of Acute Toxicity of Dieldrin on HeLa Cell Line: An In Vitro Assessment
Authors: Sharafi Seyedeh Maryam , Amin Mohammad Mehdi , Darani Hossein Yousofi , Nafez Amir Hossein , Mood Nastaran Izadi , Kiani Razieh
Published: May 2024

Aim:

Among environmental pollutants, there is a great concern about organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) due to their environmental persistence, accumulation in the food chain, detection in breast milk, and their ability to accumulate in adipose tissues. Due to the toxicity of OCPs and its relationship with human health, this study aimed to investigate the effects of dieldrin pesticides on morphological changes in the HeLa cell line.

Materials and Methods:

Standard concentrations of dieldrin (0.1-20 ppm) were prepared and cells were cultured in 1640 Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium containing 10% bovine serum albumin and Pen-Strep antibiotic. Subsequently, the morphological effects of dieldrin on HeLa cells in a cell culture medium were investigated.

Results:

Morphological and cytopathic changes were not observed in HeLa cells treated with concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 ppm of dieldrin. However, significant changes including cell rounding and cytopathic effects were observed in the cells treated with 5 ppm of dieldrin. Moreover, at concentrations of 15 and 20 ppm of dieldrin, the cells were completely destroyed and could not be examined.

Conclusion:

The effects of dieldrin on HeLa cell morphology were observed in the form of cell rounding and cytopathic effects. These morphological changes suggest that dieldrin may induce the process of apoptosis in cells. According to the results, the identification of different factors that aggravate the cytotoxic effects of this pesticide needs further research.
Post–COVID-19 autoimmune hypoglycemia: A case report
Authors: Alabbood Majid , Chamberlain Michael
Published: May 2024

Insulin autoimmune hypoglycemia is characterized by insulin autoantibodies causing initially hyperglycemia followed by hypoglycemia. The authors describe a case of a patient who presented with recurrent episodes of severe hypoglycemia 1 month after COVID-19 infection. Blood glucose monitoring during admission revealed postprandial hyperglycemia ranging from 15 to 18 mmol/L followed by severe hypoglycemic episodes. His insulin at the time of hypoglycemia (blood glucose level 1.5 mmol/L) was 255 mU/L (3–25 mU/L). C-peptide was 3.3 nmol/L (0.3–1.4 nmol/L), and β-hydroxybutyric acid was 0.06 mmol/L (<0.27 mmol/L). The anti-insulin antibodies level elevated at 403 U/mL (<0.5 U/mL). A diagnosis of post–COVID-19 autoimmune hypoglycemia was performed, and the patient was started on high-dose prednisolone 60 mg/day with gradual tapering over 3 months. Metformin and acarbose were also started to treat hyperglycemia. On follow-up after glucocorticoid cessation, blood glucose profile stabilized with no hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. This is the fourth case report written in the literature.
COVID-19-induced Stress in Health-care Workers: Effect of 8-week Common Yoga Protocol on Autonomic Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers
Authors: Sharma Vivek Kumar , Kathrotia Rajesh , Barde Pradip B. , Sharma Gaurav , Chitturi Vinay , Parmar Naresh , Dhruva Gauravi , Kavathia Ghanshyam
Published: May 2024

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic posed a huge stress on health-care givers affecting their physical and mental health. Wellness strategies like yoga can improve flexibility, resilience, and outlook.

Aim:

The present study explored the effect of 8-week standard common yoga protocol (CYP) intervention on autonomic functions, emotional stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers in the nurse group of health-care givers.

Materials and Methods:

It is a randomized controlled trial where 50 nurses underwent CYP and 50 participated as controls. Anthropometric parameters, cardiovascular parameters, autonomic function including time and frequency domain parameters, biochemical parameters, and psychological stress using the questionnaire were assessed before and after 8-week CYP.

Results:

Total 88 nurses completed the study with 42 and 46 participants, respectively, in the CYP and control groups. CYP intervention resulted in a significant reduction in cardiovascular parameters systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and rate pressure product (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.002, respectively), perceived stress score and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale psychological variables of depression, anxiety, and stress, and serum lipid parameters compared to the control group. CYP significantly increased total power, low frequency, high frequency, root mean square of successive differences between adjacent NN intervals, change in successive normal sinus (NN) intervals exceeds 50 ms, and pNN50% (P < 0.001, P = 0.006, P = 0.006, P = 0.039, P < 0.001, and P = 0.013, respectively) suggesting improved resting autonomic modulation and parasympathodominance due to higher vagal efferent activity. There were significant reductions in serum cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6 in both the groups. Serum telomerase significantly reduced (P = 0.024) and total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.036) increased in the CYP group post intervention.

Conclusion:

CYP intervention was beneficial in improving psychophysiological, autonomic, and biochemical profile of the nurse group of health-care workers.