bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of the transport sector in the new partnership for Africa’s development (nepad)
Authors: Mouchili I. N. , Prinsloo G. C.
Published: October 2016

For many years Africa has presented a gloomy socio-economic picture. The problems Africa faces are so complex and interlinked that a holistic approach is needed to address the issues. Africa is increasingly being marginalised from world development. It accounts for only about 2% of the world total economic exchanges (UNECA, 2000). The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) is an initiative by African leaders to inspire political stability and address shortages in infrastructure, education and health in an attempt to end misery across Africa and launch its sustainable development. Inadequate infrastructure is a critical obstacle to intra-African trade and to the competitiveness of African products in international markets. Transport can facilitate the flow of people, ideas and technology. Bridging the transport infrastructure gap is therefore an important factor in unlocking the human and economic potential of the continent. NEPAD aims to coordinate and channel regionally fragmented efforts into one core long-term vision for the continent. NEPAD cannot work if there is too much high level strategic regional focus with little involvement of civil society, specific requirements and needs of African countries, and the private sector. It should develop some general high-level objectives and strategies related to transport operations and infrastructure, such as simplifying and harmonising transport regulations, deregulating the air industry and implementing the Yamoussoukro decisions, and focusing investments on transport corridors (road or rail).
The emergence of logistics cities: Conceptual model
Authors: Sengpiehl C. , Oakden R. , Nagel P. , Toh K. T.K. , Shi P.
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the emergence of logistics cities, which are geographical concentrations of related industries situated around one or more international trade gateways adjacent to a metropolitan area. Broadly, a logistics city comprises logistics activities and related assets combined with an integrated mix of manufacturing and assembly companies, business services, retail outlets, research and education centres, and associated government services and administration sections. This concept is currently being promoted and developed globally by several regions, and examples of these logistics cities are described in this paper. Drawing from these examples and the limited available literature, a preliminary conceptual map of the logistics cities concept has been developed which incorporates a theoretical foundation of economic development and the principles of competitiveness in the notion of trade clusters. This map has provided the basis for our further investigations and the continued development of a more detailed conceptual model that will provide a systematic knowledge base for those engaged in the development of further logistics cities. The beneficiaries of this model will be public authorities, property developers and industrial concerns, and will be used when making decisions for future logistics infrastructure, services, supporting services and related social elements.
A model for an inland port in Australia
Authors: Toh K. T.K. , Oakden R. , Nagel P. , Sengpiehl C. , Shi P.
Published: October 2016

This paper examines the role of an inland port particular to the outer regions of Melbourne, Australia. In this study, it has been experienced that the broad use of terminology, in the Melbourne context, has been a stumbling block. In its particular context, this has provided the impetus for the development of a model for an inland port that is unambiguous. It is clear from international examples that such a development acts as a significant potential nucleus for regional economic growth, but the lack of a facilitated discussion is an impediment. This model is offered as a facilitator and a useful tool in the construction of a common understanding.
The state of logistics: Research priorities for sustained improvement
Authors: Van Dyk Esbeth , Ittman Hans , Marais Mario , Mayar Isabel , Maspero Emma
Published: October 2016

The importance of logistics and supply chain management for the South African economy was re-emphasised by the findings of the CSIR’s third annual State of Logistics Survey. To meet current and future demands, the research agenda for logistics needs to be wider than the traditional (mainstream) focus. System inefficiencies as well as specific non-traditional areas need to be explored, e.g. the integration of rural and small businesses, government service delivery, sector cooperation, and emergency logistics. This article provides a brief overview of the current state of logistics in the country and the government’s response in terms of the National Freight Logistics Strategy. Research needs, research priorities and the role of research organisations are discussed.
A supply chain perspective on the supplier relationship practices of travel agencies in Gauteng
Authors: Roberts-Lombard Mornay
Published: October 2016

The purpose of the paper is to explore the supplier relationship practices of travel agencies in Gauteng. Gerber (2008) indicated that the current level of relationships that exists between travel agencies and their suppliers in Gauteng are fragmented and impact negatively on the ability of travel agents to deliver a quality service to their customers. It is against this background that the research was undertaken. The target population for this study was 228 travel agencies of which 134 managers and/or owners participated through personal interviews in the completion of questionnaires. The results indicate that the owners and managers of travel agencies are of the opinion that the level of trust between themselves and their suppliers needs to be strengthened. The stimulation of open channel communication between themselves and their suppliers could enhance the strengthening of a long-term relationship between the parties.
The impact of customer-specific requirements on supply chain management
Authors: Conceivious Hubert I.P.
Published: October 2016

The complexities of being a supplier to motorcar manufacturers, also known as original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), provide an array of challenges to component manufacturers. Customer-specific requirements (CSRs) add to the convolutions of a supplier’s quality management systems when producing components for the various motor manufacturers. The catalytic converter industry (CCI) forms part of the component supply chain in the motor industry. The CCI consists of a plethora of suppliers to produce the catalytic converter. This paper focuses on three of the five main suppliers, namely the ‘monolith substrate manufacturers’, the ‘coaters’, and the ‘canners’. Most OEMs required that critical and strategic suppliers should be ISO/TS 16949:2009 certified. ISO/TS 16949:2009 refers to an internationally recognised specification, specifically adapted for the motor industry. The specification indicates the minimum requirements and also makes provision for additional requirements known as CSRs that can be specified by the OEM.
Revitalisation of branch lines in South Africa: A long-term view for sustainability
Authors: Simpson Zane , Havenga Jan
Published: October 2016

South Africa's national railway management is considering the further closing of a number of branch lines due to profitability pressures from stakeholders. This paper cautions against a myopic approach to such closures. Traditionally these decisions are driven by short-term profit motives realised through resulting core line densification. The research presented in this paper demonstrates the importance of 1) taking cognisance of potential branch lines flows; 2) considering freight transport externalities and road usage costs; and 3) understanding long-term demand, in informing closure decisions. The research results reveal considerable volume opportunities for branch lines which, if captured, will significantly reduce both the direct transport costs for this traffic as well as externality charges for the economy. This will therefore not only render rural economies more competitive but also enable the provision of more sustainable freight transport to these communities. The research approach will be of value to researchers in both developed and developing economies to inform the continuous debate regarding rail rationalisation and rail revival.
Identification of key target markets for intermodal freight transport solutions in South Africa
Authors: Van Eeden Joubert , Havenga Jan
Published: October 2016

The Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative for South Africa (AsgiSA) identified South Africa's freight logistics challenges as among the key binding constraints on the country's growth aspirations. The research presented here points to the structural imbalance between road and rail freight transport as one of the key contributors to this state of affairs. Most long-distance corridor transport has been captured by road. However, long-distance transport is a market segment that is very suitable for intermodal transportation : rail is utilised for the high-density, long-distance component and road for the feeder and distribution services at the corridor end points. A market segmentation approach is developed to identify the corridors and industries that are natural candidates for such solutions, thereby paving the way for role-players and stakeholders to initiate a dialogue on the development of appropriate solutions.
Factors influencing a building-material company brand
Authors: Dangers Allin R. , Goldman Geoff A.
Published: October 2016

A brand represents the essence of the value proposition an organisation extends to the market. It is crucial that brands are nurtured with the goal of trying to establish the brand in a top-of-mind awareness position among consumers. By means of a qualitative case study employing 25 interviews which were analysed by using Grounded Theory coding techniques, the most pertinent factors influencing the Corobrik brand were identified. The greatest challenge facing Corobrik is the growing residential sector. The study highlights how Corobrik has grappled and come to terms with the changing nature of its market, and how it has combined all functional areas, from production to distribution, marketing and finance, in promoting its brand.
Evaluating service quality in the Durban freight transportation industry
Authors: Govender Jeevarathnam P. , Naidu Koovendhran
Published: October 2016

This paper evaluates service quality in the Durban freight transportation industry, in which a high degree of competition exists. Previous measurements of service quality in the industry have been casual gauges, rather than a formalised process. This paper makes a contribution by examining the level of service quality, specifically from a tangibles, reliability and responsiveness perspective, thereby identifying service quality gaps which need to be closed, with a view to raising service quality levels in the industry. The SERVQUAL instrument has been used to measure service quality levels administered to 500 of the industry’s active customers, i.e. organisations utilising the services of the freight transportation industry. The targeted respondents were managers responsible for logistics in their organisations. It was found that gaps existed between expectations and perceptions of service quality on 14 of the 15 measured items. Recommendations are made as to how the industry can improve its service quality levels.
Logistics outsourcing by manufacturers in South Africa
Authors: Waugh Beverley , Luke Rose
Published: October 2016

As organisations find themselves in an increasingly dynamic and competitive world they are seeking new strategies to ensure their competitive advantage and profitability. Logistics presents an area in which these organisations can improve customer service and reduce costs, and strategies in support thereof such as the outsourcing of logistics activities, should be considered. However, it is critical that logistics outsourcing is done diligently to avoid potential problems for the organisation and to achieve the best possible benefits. In South Africa little research has been done regarding current outsourcing practices of local manufacturers. In this article literature on international logistics outsourcing as well as research on some of the logistics outsourcing practices of South African manufacturers is discussed. The findings of a questionnaire survey of South African manufacturers provided information on their logistics outsourcing practices and problems. Prominent issues seem to include inadequate managerial involvement in the logistics outsourcing process, as well as insufficient time spent on many of the important aspects of the outsourcing agreement, the transitioning of resources and ongoing management of the outsourced relationship. It is concluded that a thorough outsourcing process should be followed in order to achieve the benefits of logistics outsourcing.
An innovative business model based on the integration of finance and logistics operations
Authors: Daozhi Zhao , Bai Mapeng , Mbohwa Charles
Published: October 2016

This article advances a new logistics financing model based on the notes receivable. This is a written promise to receive a stated amount of money in future. The article describes the structure and key processes of the model, and analyses the roles of the involved stakeholders. In order to enhance understanding, the article compares the model with a loan financing model, establishes a game model based on logistics enterprise financing, studies the strategies in the process of investment and financing, and concludes by defining its feasible region. This involves comparing the expected net revenues of different stakeholders in the two models. Based on the results, the paper analyses the financing process of a logistics enterprise in Shanghai and determines the optimal financing strategy. This paper is an attempt to improve business innovation in logistics financing and provides a sensible solution for the integrated logistics and finance services. This can effectively improve the stakeholders’ profit.
The influence of passenger demographics on airport attribute evaluation
Authors: Carstens Stephen , Heyns Gert
Published: October 2016

It is imperative for airport operators and airlines to have a clear understanding of the factors which influence the passenger’s decision with regard to which airport/airline combination to use in a multi-airport scenario. Interactions between demographic variables, such as gender and purpose of travel, and the choice attributes in the decision-making process exist. The extent to which specific attributes influence the passenger’s decision could be invaluable to service providers (airport operators and airlines) in allocating and employing limited resources. The purpose of this article is to investigate the extent of the interactions between passenger demographics and attribute evaluation by taking into account the ordinal nature of the measurement scale.
Supplier–customer relationships: Weaknesses in south african automotive supply chains
Authors: Naude M. J. , Badenhorst-Weiss J. A.
Published: October 2016

The South African automotive industry, which is an important sector in the South African economy, needs to function efficiently if it is to compete internationally. However, South African automotive components manufacturers (ACMs) are not internationally competitive and automotive assemblers, also known as original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), often import cheaper components from abroad. All parties in the South African automotive supply chains need each other to ensure optimal efficiency and competitiveness. Furthermore, it is vital that good relationships exist between customers and suppliers in the automotive supply chains in South Africa. ACMs are central to automotive supply chains. A survey was conducted among ACMs to determine the nature of relationships that exist between buyers and suppliers in South Africa’s automotive supply chains. The results showed that collaborative relationships do indeed exist between members of the supply chain but that communication, understanding of the parties’ situations and cooperation can improve this relationship and so create total alliance between OEMs and ACMs.
The development of a performance measurement system for the South African container shipping industry
Authors: Hector Taryn , Ruthven George
Published: October 2016

Globalisation is dependent on efficient supply chains and a variety of transport systems. South Africa participates in the world’s economy with an extensive container shipping industry, as well as a road/rail/air distribution system. One of the aims of this research study was to develop a measurement system, or model, that may assist in measuring the performance of a container shipping service, from the time a ship arrives in the harbour, through the process in the container depot until the container arrives at the final customer for imports, and the other way round for exports. The objective was to develop a performance index that would assist management in assessing and/or improving the current system. It is a global phenomenon that inefficiencies cannot be eliminated by a single organisation; it requires the cooperation of all the parties in a supply chain.
Personal and organisational vision supporting leadership in a team-based transport environment
Authors: Oosthuizen Theuns F.J.
Published: October 2016

Leadership in an operational environment requires operational employees to take on responsibility as leaders. This leadership role could vary from self-leadership to team leadership with personal and organisational vision as key drivers for operational leadership performance. The research population included operational employees working in a transport environment who attended a leadership development seminar. A census was conducted using a questionnaire-based empirical research approach. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, and the results were analysed. Responses indicate the development of an awareness of the importance of values and vision in order to establish effective leadership practices through the leadership development programme. Research confirmed the importance of vision as a key driver in operational leadership in this context. Further skill development is required on how to align personal values and vision with that of the organisation (department) within which operational employees function.
The influence of public procurement policies on the implementation of procurement best practices in South African universities
Authors: Dlamini Winnie , Ambe Intaher M.
Published: October 2016

The relationship between public procurement policies and procurement best practices (PBPs) in higher education institutions is inevitable. Higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa play a crucial role in contributing to the economic, social and environmental development of the country. Hence the implementation of PBPs has a key role in creating a competitive advantage for higher education. The purpose of this article is to determine the influence of public procurement policies on the implementation of PBPs in the public HEIs in South Africa. The article employs a theoretical review of related literature on public procurement and PBPs. The article articulates that public procurement policies influence the implementation of PBPs in public HEIs in South Africa.
Exploring the notion of a 'capability for uncertainty' and the implications for leader development
Authors: Bennett Kathy , Verwey Anton , Van der Merwe Letitia
Published: October 2016

Orientation: With uncertainty increasingly defining organisational contexts, executive leaders need to develop their ‘capability for uncertainty’ – the ability to engage with uncertainty in their organisational context and to lead others, while simultaneously managing their own experience of uncertainty. However, what constitutes such a holistic ‘capability for uncertainty’ is not clear.Research purpose: The purpose was to gain an understanding of what constitutes a capability for uncertainty.Motivation for the study: Gaining an understanding of what components constitute leaders’ capability for uncertainty would provide a basis for determining what interventions would be relevant for developing leaders towards achieving such a capability.Research approach, design and method: An interpretive qualitative approach was adopted, using interpretative phenomenological analysis to gain an understanding of what capability executive leaders developed through their lived experience of uncertainty. Two purposive samples of six executive leaders from two different South African companies (a private company and a state-owned company), which had both been experiencing long-term organisational uncertainty prior to and up to the time of the study, were used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews.Main findings: The executives all developed their capability for uncertainty through lived experiences of uncertainty, to a greater or lesser extent. Five components were identified as constituting a holistic capability for uncertainty, as follows: a sense of positive identity, an acceptance of uncertainty, effective sense-making, learning agility and relevant leadership practices during organisational uncertainty.Practical/managerial implications: Organisations need to target and design leader development interventions to specifically develop these components of a holistic capability for uncertainty in executives and leaders, enabling them to engage more effectively with uncertainty and to more positively manage their experience of uncertainty in these increasingly turbulent times.Contribution/value-add: The key contribution is the identification of five crucial components constituting a capability for uncertainty, which can be used to inform leadership development interventions designed to develop such capability in leaders.
MINERALOGICAL MAPPING IN THE PART OF A GOLD PROSPECT USING EO-1 HYPERION DATA
Authors: Sengar V. K. , Venkatesh A. S. , Champaty Ray P. K. , Chattoraj S. L. , Sharma R. U.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The satellite data obtained from various airborne as well as space-borne Hyperspectral sensors, often termed as imaging spectrometers, have great potential to map the mineral abundant regions. Narrow contiguous bands with high spectral resolution of imaging spectrometers provide continuous reflectance spectra for different Earth surface materials. Detailed analysis of resultant reflectance spectra, derived through processing of hyperspectral data, helps in identification of minerals on the basis of their reflectance characteristics. EO-1 Hyperion sensor contains 196 unique channels out of 242 bands (L1R product) covering 0.4–2.5 μm range has also been proved significant in the field of spaceborne mineral potential mapping. Present study involves the processing of EO-1 Hyperion image to extract the mineral end members for a part of a gold prospect region. Mineral map has been generated using spectral angle mapper (SAM) method of image classification while spectral matching has been done using spectral analyst tool in ENVI. Resultant end members found in this study belong to the group of minerals constituting the rocks serving as host for the gold mineralisation in the study area.
SPATIAL TEMPORAL MODELLING OF PARTICULATE MATTER FOR HEALTH
EFFECTS STUDIES
Authors: Hamm N. A. S.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution require estimation of individual exposure. It is not possible to obtain measurements at all relevant locations so it is necessary to predict at these space-time locations, either on the basis of dispersion from emission sources or by interpolating observations. This study used data obtained from a low-cost sensor network of 32 air quality monitoring stations in the Dutch city of Eindhoven, which make up the ILM (innovative air (quality) measurement system). These stations currently provide PM10 and PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 10 and 2.5 m in diameter), aggregated to hourly means. The data provide an unprecedented level of spatial and temporal detail for a city of this size. Despite these benefits the time series of measurements is characterized by missing values and noisy values. In this paper a space-time analysis is presented that is based on a dynamic model for the temporal component and a Gaussian process geostatistical for the spatial component. Spatial-temporal variability was dominated by the temporal component, although the spatial variability was also substantial. The model delivered accurate predictions for both isolated missing values and 24-hour periods of missing values (RMSE = 1.4 μg m−3 and 1.8 μg m−3 respectively). Outliers could be detected by comparison to the 95% prediction interval. The model shows promise for predicting missing values, outlier detection and for mapping to support health impact studies.
Rabi cropped area forecasting of parts of Banaskatha District,Gujarat using MRS RISAT-1 SAR data
Authors: Parekh R. A. , Mehta R. L. , Vyas A.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Radar sensors can be used for large-scale vegetation mapping and monitoring using backscatter coefficients in different polarisations and wavelength bands. Due to cloud and haze interference, optical images are not always available at all phonological stages important for crop discrimination. Moreover, in cloud prone areas, exclusively SAR approach would provide operational solution. This paper presents the results of classifying the cropped and non cropped areas using multi-temporal SAR images. Dual polarised C- band RISAT MRS (Medium Resolution ScanSAR mode) data were acquired on 9thDec. 2012, 28thJan. 2013 and 22nd Feb. 2013 at 18m spatial resolution. Intensity images of two polarisations (HH, HV) were extracted and converted into backscattering coefficient images. Cross polarisation ratio (CPR) images and Radar fractional vegetation density index (RFDI) were created from the temporal data and integrated with the multi-temporal images. Signatures of cropped and un-cropped areas were used for maximum likelihood supervised classification. Separability in cropped and umcropped classes using different polarisation combinations and classification accuracy analysis was carried out. FCC (False Color Composite) prepared using best three SAR polarisations in the data set was compared with LISS-III (Linear Imaging Self-Scanning System-III) image. The acreage under rabi crops was estimated. The methodology developed was for rabi cropped area, due to availability of SAR data of rabi season. Though, the approach is more relevant for acreage estimation of kharif crops when frequent cloud cover condition prevails during monsoon season and optical sensors fail to deliver good quality images.
Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for the Rapid Detection of Alternaria alternata
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Xu Guojie , Tang Huaqi , Li Yanpeng , Liu Chunsheng
Published: October 2016

Fungi of the Alternaria genus are associated with allergic diseases, with Alternaria alternata being one of the most prevalent species. A. alternata has been frequently reported as the etiologic agent of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, allergic rhinosinusitis, bronchial asthma,and other diseases. In this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and a real-time PCR assay to detect low levels of A. alternata in herbal tea samples. The LAMP assay can detect as little as 3 pg/μL of A. alternata genomic DNA with high specificity. In addition, both the LAMP assay and the real-time PCR assay can be used for quantification of A. alternata. Although the newly developed LAMP assay is more rapid and specific in A. alternata identification, the real-time PCR assay is more precise in quantitation analysis.
Professionalism in Pathology: A Case-Based Approach as a Potential Educational Tool
Authors: Domen Ronald E. , Johnson Kristen , Conran Richard Michael , Hoffman Robert D. , Post Miriam D. , Steinberg Jacob J. , Brissette Mark D. , Gratzinger Dita A. , McCloskey Cindy B. , Raciti Patricia M. , Roberts Cory Anthony , Rojiani Amyn M. , Powell Suzanne Z.
Published: October 2016

Context.—Professionalism issues in residency training can be difficult to assess and manage. Generational or role-based differences may also exist between faculty and residents as to what constitutes unprofessional behavior and how to manage it.

Objective.—To examine and compare how faculty and residents would approach the same 5 case scenarios detailing various aspects of unprofessional behavior.

Design.—Five case scenarios highlighting various unprofessional behaviors were presented in a workshop at an annual meeting of pathology department chairs, residency program directors, and undergraduate pathology medical educators (ie, pathologists involved in medical student pathology education). The same cases were presented to a cohort of pathology residents currently in training. A standard set of responses were offered to the participants, polling results were collected electronically, and results were compared.

Results.—Faculty and residents were fairly consistent within their respective groups. In a subset of cases, faculty were more likely to favor working with the individual in the scenario, whereas resident respondents were more likely to favor either no response or a severe response. Generational or role-based differences were also potentially evident.

Conclusions.—Assessing expectations and differences around professionalism for both faculty and residents should be considered as part of any educational and management approach for professionalism. Although a level of generational differences appears to be evident in this study regarding the recognition and management of unprofessional behavior, there was also agreement in some cases. Further exploration into the discrepant responses between faculty and residents may prove useful in developing educational, assessment, and remediation resources.
Quand le corps réduit au silence répond : traumatismes, contre-mélodies et « objets voix » dans la pièce Krapp’s Last Tape1
Authors: Sigg Anna , Léopold Janine
Published: October 2016

Krapp’s Last Tape(La dernière bande) de Beckett soulève la question de ce qu’il advient de la voix silencieuse du traumatisme si on l’enregistre. En silence, nous « entendons » les échos post-traumatiques et les contre-mélodies du corps traumatisé de Krapp – une réverbération somatique et technologiquement médiatisée que Mladen Dolar appelle l’« objet voix ». La voix émanant du magnétophone prend la fonction curative du thérapeute qui fixe en silence son patient traumatisé, l’incitant à entrer dans un débat avec la reconstitution viscérale de son traumatisme. Les objets voix enregistrés de Krapp, comme son rire, sa toux et ses silences, sont des avatars d’une contre-mélodie; ils servent d’ancre réconfortante et rendent sa blessure plus accessible.
Luigi Pirandello : la voix du théâtre face à la machine qui parle
Authors: Vladova Tania
Published: October 2016

À ce jour, il manque encore une prise en compte conséquente de l’importance du son, de la voix et de l’écoute dans les réflexions de Luigi Pirandello sur le théâtre et les nouveaux médias. Le présent article contribue à combler cette lacune par une mise en contexte et une lecture attentive des propos novateurs de Pirandello sur le son et l’écoute à la radio, au cinéma et au théâtre ainsi que par un nouvel éclairage sur sa dernière pièce, Les géants de la montagne. Lue dans cette perspective, celle-ci apparaît entièrement consacrée à la voix du théâtre et à la crise de l’écoute dans le monde contemporain.
L’écoute en scène : les espaces sonnants dans Inferno de Romeo Castellucci
Authors: Lafrance Maude B.
Published: October 2016

Le metteur en scène italien Romeo Castellucci fait un usage tout à fait singulier des matériaux scéniques, parmi lesquels l’environnement sonore occupe une fonction centrale et atypique. Le spectacle Inferno marque en ce sens une nouvelle appropriation par la scène des possibilités du sonore. S’affranchissant de sa fonction de bruitage et dépassant le registre musical, le son se mêle aux actions scéniques de manière dynamique. Cette création témoigne d’un processus de « dé-référentialisation » de la dimension sonore. Ne renvoyant plus qu’à elles-mêmes, les présences sonores peuvent entrer en dialogue avec les autres matières en scène. Cette écologie renouvelée de la scène place le spectateur face à lui-même et à son écoute. Cet article explore comment l’oeuvre de Castellucci peut nous éclairer sur la notion d’écoute comprise « non comme un déchiffrage, mais comme un événement » (Antoine Hennion).
La rumeur du monde : une étude du bruit de fond au Théâtre du Radeau
Authors: Bosc Cécile
Published: October 2016

À travers l’exemple d’un spectacle du Théâtre du Radeau, Onzième, créé en 2011, il s’agira de penser la création sonore au théâtre et ses effets sur la perception globale d’un spectacle en l’abordant par sa strate la plus lointaine, le bruit de fond. Pour penser cet arrière-plan sonore, nous nous appuierons sur différents outils notionnels empruntés aux univers de la radio, du cinéma et de la musique.
L’IRCAM et la voix augmentée au théâtre : les nouvelles technologies sonores au service de la dramaturgie
Authors: Beller Grégory
Published: October 2016

Cet article vise à rendre publiques de nouvelles solutions créatives pour la dramaturgie sonore dans le spectacle vivant. Ces nouvelles technologies sont le fruit d’une trentaine d’années de recherches sur la voix menées par plusieurs équipes de l’Institut de recherche et coordination acoustique / musique (IRCAM). Dans un premier temps, la problématique générale du traitement automatique de la voix est abordée afin de situer la spécificité de l’IRCAM dans le contexte international de la recherche sur la parole et dans le but de présenter différents facteurs qui rendent, aujourd’hui, les nouvelles technologies sonores bénéfiques à la création artistique. Dans un deuxième temps, cet article tente de présenter différents outils qui peuvent apporter des éléments de réponse à des questions dramaturgiques. Enfin, la dernière partie de l’article porte une attention particulière au suivi de voix, jeune technologie prometteuse qui sert la composition théâtrale et la régie sonore. Cet article se termine par un rappel de l’importance d’intégrer ces outils dans le processus de création, les distinguant par là des techniques d’amplification palliative du théâtre.
Acroangiodermatitis
Authors: Hronek Anna L. , Clark Seth N. , Young Gregg , Kinikini Daniel , Wells Jason
Published: October 2016

Acroangiodermatitis (AAD), also known as pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma, is an uncommon benign angioproliferative condition most commonly seen in the lower extremities. This condition often presents as discolored patches that progress to painful ulcerations. The list of vascular conditions associated with this diagnosis is vast. Acroangiodermatitis presents similarly to more aggressive conditions such as Kaposi's sarcoma, making histopathologic examination helpful in its diagnosis. We present two cases of AAD in the setting of chronic venous insufficiency.
How do future publication plans affect theses availability in UiT’s open access research archive?
Authors: Larssen Tanja
Published: October 2016

Watch the VIDEO of the presentation.Open access to research results is a stated aim for the University of Tromsø – The artic university of Norway. The university’s research archive, Munin, has a well-developed system to make available the university’s own research, as well as master theses written by its students. Both master and PhD theses from UiT are delivered directly through Munin and can be made openly available on-line. Despite of this, many candidates choose not to have their theses made openly available through Munin. In my master thesis in document management, I examined why some candidates opt against, or postpone, making their theses openly available through Munin. What factors influence this decision, and are the given reasons based on actual issues or on misconceptions?From Munin I was given access to metadata from previously delivered, and passed, master and PhD theses where the candidate wanted to withhold their theses from being made openly available in Munin. The metadata contained the reasons provided by the candidates for their decision. I also conducted an electronic survey among, then, current master students where the goal was to examine current students’ attitudes towards making their thesis openly available in Munin, and compare the results from this survey with reasons stated by former master and PhD candidates.The main reason provided for postponing or refusing open access to their theses, given by both former master and PhD candidates, and current master students, where the fear that it would impair their chances for future publication. My study also showed that both master and PhD candidates from the faculty of health science are less likely to make their theses openly available in Munin, than candidates from other faculties. This faculty also had more candidates than other expressing concern over the possibilities for future publication.Why do candidates from different faculties within the same university show different attitudes towards having their work openly available? Are candidates right in their concerns regarding open availability and future publication, or are these concerns based on unfounded fears? Does it matter if master and PhD candidates choses not to make their work openly available, and can candidates be encouraged to make their work available?
Open Access 2020 – The final road to Open Access
Authors: Geschuhn Kai , Schlachter Michael
Published: October 2016

Open Access 2020 is an international initiative that aims to induce the swift, smooth and scholarly-oriented transformation of today’s scholarly journals from subscription to open access publishing on a large scale. The last decades of the open access movement have made open access become strong as a principal- but weak in practice. With OA2020 we aim to move the focus to a new concrete goal: converting the default business model of scholarly publishing from subscription to open access. The poster outlines backgrounds as well as a roadmap of the initiative.
Electric field response in bilayer graphene: Ab initio investigation
Authors: Mori Yutaro , Minamitani Emi , Ando Yasunobu , Kasamatsu Shusuke , Watanabe Satoshi
Published: October 2016

Stimulated by quantum capacitance measurements, we have investigated the electric properties of bilayer graphene (BLG) with carrier doping under an external electric field using ab initio calculations. We found that the relative permittivity of BLG depends weakly on the applied electric field, and that the BLG can be regarded as a dielectric material rather than a pair of metallic films. We also found that carrier doping affects the band gap of BLG under electric fields, although carrier doping has a much smaller effect on the band gap and density of states than the application of electric fields.
The influence of flight style on the aerodynamic properties of avian wings as fixed lifting surfaces
Authors: Lees John J. , Dimitriadis Grigorios , Nudds Robert L.
Published: October 2016

The diversity of wing morphologies in birds reflects their variety of flight styles and the associated aerodynamic and inertial requirements. Although the aerodynamics underlying wing morphology can be informed by aeronautical research, important differences exist between planes and birds. In particular, birds operate at lower, transitional Reynolds numbers than do most aircraft. To date, few quantitative studies have investigated the aerodynamic performance of avian wings as fixed lifting surfaces and none have focused upon the differences between wings from different flight style groups. Dried wings from 10 bird species representing three distinct flight style groups were mounted on a force/torque sensor within a wind tunnel in order to test the hypothesis that wing morphologies associated with different flight styles exhibit different aerodynamic properties. Morphological differences manifested primarily as differences in drag rather than lift. Maximum lift coefficients did not differ between groups, whereas minimum drag coefficients were lowest in undulating flyers (Corvids). The lift to drag ratios were lower than in conventional aerofoils and data from free-flying soaring species; particularly in high frequency, flapping flyers (Anseriformes), which do not rely heavily on glide performance. The results illustrate important aerodynamic differences between the wings of different flight style groups that cannot be explained solely by simple wing-shape measures. Taken at face value, the results also suggest that wing-shape is linked principally to changes in aerodynamic drag, but, of course, it is aerodynamics during flapping and not gliding that is likely to be the primary driver.
The cranial endocast ofDipnorhynchus sussmilchi(Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi) and the interrelationships of stem-group lungfishes
Authors: Clement Alice M. , Challands Tom J. , Long John A. , Ahlberg Per E.
Published: October 2016

The first virtual cranial endocast of a lungfish from the Early Devonian,Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi, is described.Dipnorhynchus,only the fourth Devonian lungfish for which a near complete cranial endocast is known, is a key taxon for clarifying primitive character states within the group. A ventrally-expanded telencephalic cavity is present in the endocast ofDipnorhynchusdemonstrating that this is the primitive state for “true” Dipnoi.Dipnorhynchusalso possesses a utricular recess differentiated from the sacculolagenar pouch like that seen in stratigraphically younger lungfish (Dipterus, Chirodipterus, Rhinodipterus), but absent from the dipnomorphYoungolepis. We do not find separate pineal and para-pineal canals in contrast to a reconstruction from previous authors. We conduct the first phylogenetic analysis of Dipnoi based purely on endocast characters, which supports a basal placement ofDipnorhynchuswithin the dipnoan stem group, in agreement with recent analyses. Our analysis demonstrates the value of endocast characters for inferring phylogenetic relationships.
3‐D high‐speed imaging of volcanic bomb trajectory in basaltic explosive eruptions
Authors: Gaudin D. , Taddeucci J. , Houghton B. F. , Orr T. R. , Andronico D. , Del Bello E. , Kueppers U. , Ricci T. , Scarlato P.
Published: October 2016

Imaging, in general, and high speed imaging in particular are important emerging tools for the study of explosive volcanic eruptions. However, traditional 2‐D video observations cannot measure volcanic ejecta motion toward and away from the camera, strongly hindering our capability to fully determine crucial hazard‐related parameters such as explosion directionality and pyroclasts' absolute velocity. In this paper, we use up to three synchronized high‐speed cameras to reconstruct pyroclasts trajectories in three dimensions. Classical stereographic techniques are adapted to overcome the difficult observation conditions of active volcanic vents, including the large number of overlapping pyroclasts which may change shape in flight, variable lighting and clouding conditions, and lack of direct access to the target. In particular, we use a laser rangefinder to measure the geometry of the filming setup and manually track pyroclasts on the videos. This method reduces uncertainties to 10° in azimuth and dip angle of the pyroclasts, and down to 20% in the absolute velocity estimation. We demonstrate the potential of this approach by three examples: the development of an explosion at Stromboli, a bubble burst at Halema'uma'u lava lake, and an in‐flight collision between two bombs at Stromboli.
A Composite of Carbon‐Wrapped Mo2C Nanoparticle and Carbon Nanotube Formed Directly on Ni Foam as a High‐Performance Binder‐Free Cathode for Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhu Qian‐Cheng , Xu Shu‐Mao , Harris Michelle M. , Ma Chao , Liu Yu‐Si , Wei Xiao , Xu Hua‐Sheng , Zhou Yong‐Xian , Cao Yu‐Cai , Wang Kai‐Xue , Chen Jie‐Sheng
Published: October 2016

Cathode design is indispensable for building Li‐O2 batteries with long cycle life. A composite of carbon‐wrapped Mo2C nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes is prepared on Ni foam by direct hydrolysis and carbonization of a gel composed of ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate and hydroquinone resin. The Mo2C nanoparticles with well‐controlled particle size act as a highly active oxygen reduction reactions/oxygen evolution reactions (ORR/OER) catalyst. The carbon coating can prevent the aggregation of the Mo2C nanoparticles. The even distribution of Mo2C nanoparticles results in the homogenous formation of discharge products. The skeleton of porous carbon with carbon nanotubes protrudes from the composite, resulting in extra voids when applied as a cathode for Li‐O2 batteries. The batteries deliver a high discharge capacity of ≈10 400 mAh g−1 and a low average charge voltage of ≈4.0 V at 200 mA g−1. With a cutoff capacity of 1000 mAh g−1, the Li‐O2 batteries exhibit excellent charge–discharge cycling stability for over 300 cycles. The average potential polarization of discharge/charge gaps is only ≈0.9 V, demonstrating the high ORR and OER activities of these Mo2C nanoparticles. The excellent cycling stability and low potential polarization provide new insights into the design of highly reversible and efficient cathode materials for Li‐O2 batteries.
Boosting Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with CdS Inserted at TiO2/Perovskite Interface
Authors: Ma Yulong , Deng Kaimo , Gu Bangkai , Cao Fengren , Lu Hao , Zhang Yuexing , Li Liang
Published: October 2016

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have undergone an unprecedented development as the next‐generation photovoltaic devices in recent years. The power conversion efficiency and stability are the key factors attracting great attentions from both academic and industrial communities. Here, a nonoxide CdS layer is inserted between TiO2 and perovskite to passivate the TiO2 interface in planar‐type perovskite solar cells. After introducing the CdS layer, significantly enhanced air stability and suppressed recombination between the trapped electrons and perovskite related to inverse transport are observed. At the optimum CdS thickness, a champion power conversion efficiency of 14.26% is achieved compared with 10.31% for the reference CdS‐free devices. This impressive efficiency also surpasses that of previously reported perovskite solar cells based on CdS. The largely improved performance is ascribed to the increased Fermi level of the electron transport layer, more efficient charge transport, and lower recombination rates.