bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity and Ecological Distribution of Beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Park National Of Babors (North-East Of Algeria)
Authors: BOUNECHADA Mustapha , DJIRAR Nacer , BENKHELIL Mohamed Lamine , TEDJAR Lamri , FENNI Mohamed
Published: December 2021

The species composition and distribution of insects in Babors national park (North-east of Algeria) were studied for the first time based on original investigations and available literature. The list includes 32 species bellowing to 14 genera. Eight ecological groups of Chrysomelidae were distinguished based on studies of the data on the territory of Babors national park.
The Trophic Particularities of The Species Of Rhynchitidae and Attelabidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) in Romania
Authors: ANTONIE Iuliana
Published: December 2021

From a trophic point of view, the Rhynchitidae and the Attelabidae fall into the group of the first consumers, feeding with different parts of the plants. As individuals, this is not in the favor of the plants, but at the population level the relation is benefic through assuring the maintenance of the effectives at adequate levels also both as permanent source of perfection and reciprocal adaptation.

The aim of this work is to emphasize the trophic spectrum of the coleopteron belonging to these two families as well as the understanding of the action done upon the host species and upon the eco system, generally.The researches were done during 1996-2006. The fauna material was gathered during the journeys in different localities in the country. In some of the investigated localities the gatherings and the observation in the field were extended to 2-3 days and for the eco systems with heavy attacks of Byctiscus betulae the researches extended to 3-4 years, at regulate intervals of 3-4 weeks. In order to obtain this present work there were used the following gathering methods: mowing with the entomologic net, gathering parts of attacked organs (leaves, offsprings, flowers, and fruits), direct gathering with the hand.

As a result of the observation made upon the most common species of leaf-rolling weevils we can say that the most adults are phytophagus, feeding with the leaves of the plants. Seldom can they also be xylophages, fructivourous or polivourous. Regarding the systematical framing of the vegetal species with which the larvae of Rhynchitidae and Attelabidae, belonging to Romanian fauna, feed themselves, the majority live on angiospermous plants and all have as a host plant the dicotyledonous. There is only one species whose larvae develop on gymnosperms.
Researches Regarding the Coevolution of The Species Attelabidae and Rhynchitidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) with Different Groups of Plants
Authors: ANTONIE Iuliana
Published: December 2021

The coevolution of the species of insects with different groups of plants supposes the assurance of essential functions for both categories of organisms, with the appearance and retain by natural selection of some reciprocal adaptations.

The aim of this present work is to emphasize the relationship between the phytophagus insect, stressing some adaptations linked to nutrition, defense, spreading at both categories of organisms.

During 1996 – 2006 there were done observations on a number of 1244 samples belonging to the Rhynchitidae and Attelabidae families in the Sibiu Depression, Valcea and Covasna County. There were 42 collecting points. In order of obtaining this present work there were used the following methods: the direct observation, the gathering of the insects together with different parts of the plants, the gathering and pressing of the attacked organs o the plants, the gathering of some parts of branches having galleries dug by rinchitidae and attelabidae.

As a result of the research was established the interdependence Rhynchitidae, Attelabidae – plants, emphasizing some adaptations of the plants reported to the researched species, adaptation of the leaf-rolling weevils reported to different species of plants, adaptations linked to the reproduction of the insects.

The correlation between plants – Rynchitidae, Attelabidae must be regarded like a process of adaptation, step by step, which is in favor for both categories of organisms, assuring the persistence in time and space of their populations and finally the persistence of the system.
The Differential Fertilization Complex Effects on Apple Varieties Golden Delicious and Starkrimson on Two Soil Types Representative of Fruit-Growing Plots Reghin
Authors: HANGAN Maria , MĂRGHITAS, Marilena , DALE Laura Monica
Published: December 2021

Apple has a significant weight crops, it’s a predominant among species of fruit, because of apples role in the human nutrition and their nutritional value. Soil agrochemical control of fruit requires annually or even periodic analysis of soil and plant (leaves, fruits), which can cause in time establish not only of technological fertilization but also the control of the evolution of soil fertility. As technology fruit-growing level is more intensive, the agro-chemical control is more appropriate and useful for decisions of fertilization and correcting soil fertility. The objectives of fruit-growing production in general, even in pools established, combine at the actions and technological measures as harmonious level with the requirements of different species to the eco pedo-agrochemicals conditions. Apple as the main fruit-growing species have certain intrinsic features related to specific nutrition, technology but with certain specific and private requirements to vegetation and technological factors. Fertilization plays a major role in obtaining performance in apple production, proven as necessary in the fruit-growing plots Reghin. The aim of the paper research was to compare the differential fertilization complex effects on apple varieties Golden Delicious and Starkrimson on two soil type’s representative of fruit-growing plots Reghin through field experience and laboratory research. Our research has allowed as to elucidation of specific issues in this area with the capacity of application and extrapolation to similar production conditions. The results support the differential application of fertilizers in apple and the size effects can be alternatively call after a number of factors and conditions.
Early Varieties of Soybeans for the Transylvanian Plain
Authors: MURESANU Eugen , MĂRGINEAN Raluca
Published: December 2021

Transylvania Plain with meadows of Mureş and Târnave, is one of the areas most favorable for soybean crop. Generally in this area, ranfall recorded in the critical phases (beggining flowering,flowering, pod formation, grain formation and filling) is appropiate with the plant requirements for water, without a costly intervention with irrigation.
Evolution of Floral Composition in Some Species of Perennial Poaceous And Fabaceous in Cojocna and Jucu Ecosystems
Authors: PLESA Dorin , MIHAI Gheorghe , SIMA Nicuşor , SIMA Rodica , PAVEL Dan , SABO Marius
Published: December 2021

The goal of the experiment was to determine the floristic composition of some species of perennial poaceous and fabaceous in Cojocna (Transylvanian Plain) and Jucu (Transylvanian Plateau) ecosystems (Coldea, 1992), at the time of the first cutting, in the 2011. In this paper are presented the evolution of floral composition in this two ecosystems with perennial fodder plants, organized by subdivided plots method, of 9x3x3 type (9 – mixtures; 3 – levels of fertilization; 3 – replicates; 81 variants). Those nine plots included eight complex mixtures composed from perennial fodder plant represented by poaceous and fabaceous, respectively a control represented by pure alfalfa culture.
Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Bracken) As an Invasive Species in Permanent Grassland Ecosystems - Possibilities and Methods of Control
Authors: PLESA Dorin , MIHAI Gheorghe , SIMA Nicuşor , PAVEL Dan , MIHAI Mihaela , SABO Marius
Published: December 2021

. Pteridium species around the world are aggressive, very productive, functionally closer to shrubs than ferns. Their rhizomes, buried deep and rich in starch, allow them to survive repeated fires and their efficient uptake of nutrients allow them to exploit a wide range of soils (McGlone et al., 2005). Mechanical methods. Tillage and cultivation. On lands that are not too steep or rocky, a good reduction in fern coverage can be achieved by plowing from late June to early August. The goal is to plow deep in order to expose the rhizomes, leaving them undisturbed throughout the winter and followed by the spring sowing
Recommendations on the Optimum Sowing Period for the Main Crops in the Transylvanian Plain
Authors: SOPTEREAN Mara Lucia , MORARU Paula Ioana , RUSU Teodor
Published: December 2021

Transylvanian Plain (TP) with an area of approx. 395 616 ha, includes areas of three counties (Cluj - CJ, Mures - MS, Bistrita-Nasaud - BN), has a predominantly agricultural character, and is characterized by hilly climate floor with oceanic influences, 6-10 0C average annual temperatures and 500-700 mm/year average annual precipitations. Zoning cultures and establishing the optimum sowing periods was made after the observations arising from practice and after the results obtained in the agricultural experimental research stations
Response of An R Gene Pyramided Potato Genotype to Infection With Phytophthora Infestans
Authors: TAOUTAOU Abdelmoumen , SOCACIU Carmen , PAMFIL Doru , BALAZS Erika , BOTEZ Constantin
Published: December 2021

Phytophthora infestans is the most important potato disease. It is a hemibiotrophic pathogen, with a high evolution capacity. Resistance breeding is thought to be the most suitable solution. Gene pyramiding is advanced as a solution for late blight disease.
The Evaluation of Copper and Zinc Absorption in Fruit Body of Lactarius Piperatus Species Growing in Different Forestry Ecosystems of Dambovita County
Authors: BUSUIOC Gabriela , ELEKES Carmen Cristina , STIHI Claudia
Published: December 2021

Our researches were made in the view to put in evidence the capacity of autochthonous macromycetes species for accumulation and storage heavy metals. This paper is about absorption features of Lactarius piperatus, one macromycetes species very common in the forestry ecosystems of Romania. Biological samples were harvested from three forestry ecosystems of Dambovita County: Bolboca, Mogoi and Cobia, placed at different altitude (360m, 430m and respectively 280m). It were determinate the concentration of copper and zinc in fruiting body (separated for cap and stipe) and soil by EDXRF method with ELVA-X spectrometer with fluorescence. The bioaccumulation (Bf) and translocation (Tf) factors were calculated for each case by mathematics equation. Also it was determinate the pH of macromycetes substrates. The results represent the average of five determinations at least, and were exprimate in ppm. So, concentration of copper in cap was between minimum of 7,08ppm at the exemplars harvested from Mogoi forest and maximum of 24,11ppm at those growing in Cobia forest. Bioaccumulation factor for copper calculated for cap was between 4% and 11%, being a very low one. But translocation factor had positive values (1,3 – 2).
Multifunctionality– Support for Rural Area Development
Authors: DOBRE Iuliana , SOARE Elena , BECIU Silviu
Published: December 2021

The approach to what exists in many countries, integrated in European structures, made necessary to establish a set of objectives for development multifunctional rural area in Romania. Starting from agriculture, the enhancing its functions can be made using through completion the production activities with the supply, processing, marketing or diversification or development of other activities (craft industry, tourism, rural tourism) to allow the creation of conditions for growth and combination income population.

The organisation of associations in marketing activities is, so, neccesary for a normal functioning of it and is a modalities to increase of economic efficience of agricultural exploitations and for their economic development. In the absense of these, the producers are forced to sell at very low prices to middlenman. It is a relvevant case of vegetables. There are many situations where some vegetables are taken by individual producers unauthorized trades operating at the disorganized, selling products at twice the price of purchase.

This paper aims at emphasizing the strengths of the multifunctional development process of the rural area, knowledge and recognition of integration action of activities from this space. Also, you will see positive impact on support rural area and achieving favorable framework of its economic and social development.
Qualitative and Quantitative Components of The Evaluating System of the Arthropods Biodiversity Populations Impact in the Blackcurrant Crops from the South Part of Romania (I)
Authors: IONESCU-MĂLĂNCUŞ Irina , MANOLE T. , NICULIŢĂ P. , LIVADARIU Oana , PETRESCU Eugenia , MĂRGĂRIT Gabriela
Published: December 2021

The present paper is reffer to the original research carried out for the first time in Romania in the period spring-autumn 2009 and had the proposed objective the development of an ecological based pest management experimental model on the blackcurrant crops.

In the first stage of the research the collecting of biological material using specific methods from different structural components (stratifications) of biotopes of the ecosystem upon which follows the identification and the species classifications in pest and useful for the management system proposed.The monitoring performed is referring so to the surveillance of arthropods populations dynamics correlated with the command factors and with share of those factors in the research area.

The research activities of the stage are including:

The biological material collecting;

The present arthropod species identification;

The arthropods fauna structure and biodiversity highlighting (number of individuals, number of species, density and relative abundance, dominant populations);

The biodiversity of blackcurrant crops investigated by qualitative and quantitative methods was divided on a preliminary analysis (which will be thorough by the route of testing/experimentation of the ecological management system by specific statistical methods) in the frame of the structure highlight by the vegetation period of the crop.

The arthropods identified are including:

Characteristic species of the fauna of the soil level, on the soil or on the low plants (phytophagous, predators, coprophagous, necrophagous and detritophagous);

Specific pest species;

Polyphagous species (phytophagous, predators);

Species without any trophyc correlations with blackcurrant crop, characteristic of surrounding crop with the accidentally presence.

In the study two experimental surfaces of blackcurrant in which EBPM is applied (plot I and II) in comparison with one check plot with intensive crop management will be investigated.The arthropod populations identified belongs to 5 classes, 15 taxonomic orders, 35 families, 61 genuses and 67 species (plot I) and 5 classes, 17 taxonomic orders, 40 families, 60 genuses and 65 species (plot II).
A Study Regarding the Air Pollution in Cluj-Napoca City
Authors: IVAN Ilarie , DEAC Teodora
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a study regarding the air pollution in Cluj-Napoca City has been conducted. Thus, the SO2, NOx, NO and NO2 parameter values were monitored using modern apparatus of air quality monitoring station, located in Cluj-Napoca city. The values were measured daily at 14 o’clock during March, 2011. Using the analyzed data, the maximum and minimum limits of air pollutants were quantified. Thus, it was assessed that the pollution is higher from Monday till Friday and it decreases during Saturday and Sunday. According to the analyzed data, a series of proposals to Cluj-Napoca city management were elaborated in order to reduce air pollution.
Distribution of Water Quality in the Sasar River Basin According to the EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) Zoobenthos Bioindicators
Authors: MARE ROSCA Oana , MIHALESCU Lucia , MAXIM Aurel , VOSGAN Zorica , MARIAN Monica
Published: December 2021

The hydrographic basin of the Sasar River is located in the north-western part of Romania, a highly industrialized region until 2000, its main point being the city of Baia Mare. Here the main pollutant economic fields were mining and metallurgy. Thus, pollution affected all life environments of this region, including the health of the population. This paper presents the assessment of the ecologic status of the Sasar River Basin water quality. Thus, the zoobenthic communities of the Sasar River and its main tributaries were monitored for 4 years, twice a year, during 2004-2008. The analysis of the quality zoobenthic indices offers a total view about the ecologic status of a watercourse. From the multitude of bioindicator groups, the taxons belonging to the EPT (EPHEMEROPTERA, PLECOPTERA, TRICHOPTERA) communities were chosen, due to their implied ecologic relevance. The maximum number of the taxons belonging to the EPT communities were recorded for the Valea Măriuţii station (28), followed by the Valea Limpedea station (24), and the minimum EPT taxons were recorded for the stations of Valea Firiza (1), upstream from Baia Mare (1) and downstream from Baia Mare (1).The distribution of the saprobity degree of the analyzed EPT bioindicators is as it follows: 32 oligo-saprobic individuals (26,44%), 18 oligo-beta-mezosaprobic individuals (14,87%), 39 beta-mezosaprobic individuals (32,23%) and 2 beta-alfa-mezosaprobic individuals (1,65%).
Controlled Experiment for Cu, Fe And Zn Determination in Basic Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater in Rice
Authors: MARTÍNEZ-CORTIJO F.JAVIER , SENDRA Fernando , MARCO Juan
Published: December 2021

Through a controlled experiment in pots was estimated some effects of urban wastewater irrigation on rice cultivation in relation to heavy metal contamination: in particular, copper, iron and zinc, to basic soils and Mediterranean conditions. The investigation took nine soil plots along a line of irrigation these disturbed samples of soil in pots were irrigated rice growing. Irrigation is contrasted with or without plant pots, and irrigated with sewage water and distilled water, the study being parallel to the field conditions and soil and water without cultivation under controlled conditions. Finally, we confirm the results obtained in field research with the experimental data under controlled conditions and basic local soils. Thus, in these conditions with proper management, the metals are retained in the soil, so that the reuse of treated water in the rice not only can meet the crop water requirements, but also involves a form of purification that avoids pouring water of poor quality environmentally sensitive areas, while we have the guarantee that these metals do not reach the point in relevant quantities and thus for human consumption.
Research Concerning Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L. Mill) Genetic Diversity
Authors: MAXIM Aurel , ŞANDOR Mignon , MIHALESCU Lucia , MAXIM Ovidiu , MARE ROŞCA Oana
Published: December 2021

During the second part of the twentieth century the cultivated plants have been faced with genetic erosion, because of the expandinding industrial farming systems. The sustainable agriculture can not exist without a rich genetic diversity.

After the United Nations Conference from Rio de Janeiro (1992), when the Convention on Biological Diversity was adopted, a series of acts and european references that protect agrobiodiversity had emerged.

Between 2007 and 2010, at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine a program which aims to identify and conserve local vegetable varieties was conducted. Out of 290 cultivars, 171 (58.9%) were genuine local varieties.

There were collected 12 cucumber cultivars from the following counties: Salaj (7), Cluj (3), Bistrita-Nasaud (1) and Satu-Mare (1). The morphologic caractheristics proved that all this 12 cultivars were authentic and valuable local varieties.

The local varieties were agronomical, biological and biochemical characterized, both in field and laboratory. The seeds achieved from those 12 local varieties were preserved in the Suceava Gene Bank, from where stakeholders (farmers, agronomists, researchers) can obtain seeds.
The Nitrogen Regime in Arable Soils under the Influence of Tailings from Mining Landfills in the Urban Perimetre of Baia Mare
Authors: MUNTEAN Adriana , RUSU Teodor
Published: December 2021

Crossing in private property of the lands has allowed the development of subsistence agriculture in the most unusual areas. In this situation are some lands located the near of old tailings from the perimetre of Baia Mare city. In this study we performed the agrochemical evaluation (some macro and micronutrients) of two soils located upstream and downstream of the triad of the tailings ponds: Sasar, Aurul and Remin. These areas are experimental plots in a study concerning on evaluation of the nitrogen regim under the influence of mining tailings deposited in these dumps. Determined values were compared with expected values in MESP-1987 and under the Order no. 756/1997 for the soils with sensitive use. The study revealed that the nitrogen regime is strongly affected by accumulation of the some potentially toxic elements, from the tailings stored for decades in these locations.
Research Concerning Organic Solutions Suitable for Fertilizing Permanent Pasture
Authors: OROIAN Ioan Gheorghe , PAULETTE Laura , COVRIG Ilie , ODAGIU Antonia , IEDERAN Cristian
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the influence of “Vinassa” use upon dry matter production function of administration time and doses. The experiments were carried on a 13 ha pasture, divided in 13 plots located in the county of Cluj, during two consecutive years: 2008 and 2009. The permanent pasture composition was made of gramineous and perennial leguminous. The application of this organic unconventional fertilizer led to important pasture production gains, when administration dose was up to 5 t/ha in singular application, and over 4 t/ha administration dose, when was applied in combination with P50 or P75. It is recommended that administration of “Vinassa” fertilizer to be performed in spring in dosis of 3 - 5 t/ha, and in mixture with P50 or P75, in order to compensate the low phosphorus content of the fertilizer.
Studies Regarding the Development of Academic Spin-Offs in Romania and Worldwide
Authors: BORŞA Andrei , MUSTE Sevastiţa , CERBU (MURESAN) Andruta
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to emphasize the opportunities that academic entrepreneurial ventures or “spin-offs” could offer in Romania. Different types of spin-offs and their benefits have been reviewed. The poor economical performance of the SMEs (Small and Medium Sized Enterprises) due to crisis and their innovational trends were analyzed. The governmental strategies focused on innovation for creating new enterprises and improving the business environment, with results so far, were presented. The conclusion that emerged was that the spin-offs are a viable solution that can contribute to our country’s prosperity and its academic institution.
The Influence of Some Growth Factors on the Lactic Acid Fermentation of Green Pepper Juice With Bifidobacterium Sp.
Authors: BURULEANU Lavinia Claudia , AVRAM Daniela , BRATU Magda Gabriela , GORGHIU Gabriel , MANEA Iuliana , NICOLESCU Carmen Leane
Published: December 2021

In the present work, experiments oriented to the preparation of lactic acid fermented juices from green peppers, with and without growth factors added, were realised. The study was performed with a view to investigate the Bifidobacterium sp. (BB-12) growth in the vegetable juice through analysis of the dynamics of important final products of fermentation. Particularly, the dynamics of some chemical parameters (reducing sugars, titratable acidity, volatile acidity, amino acids content, ascorbic acid content) and microbiological parameters (number of colony forming units) was compared. The stability of the juices was higher after 24 hours, because the lactic acid content increased from 2.43 to 9.45g/l, while the pH has faster decreased close to 5. The final values of this parameter were ranged from 4.81 to 4.45. Referring to the reducing sugars content, the yield of the lactic acid production can be qualified as good. The dynamics of the amino acids content during the lactic acid fermentation of juices underlined that this nitrogen source was utilized in the final stage of the process. A positive influence of the cysteine on the preservation of the ascorbic acid content of the lacto-fermented juice was exercised, this one being by 48.75 times higher than in the control sample. The obtained results can be an argument in the development of functional foods, but from this point of view, it is necessary to extend the researches to a great number of bifidogenic and/or growth factors.
Studies Regarding the Implementation and Certification of Food Safety Management System in the Romanian Companies
Authors: CHIRA Adrian , CHIRA Lenuta , DELIAN Elena
Published: December 2021

HACCP is the abbreviation for the english expression “ Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points ”. To obtain high – quality products, capable of meeting the consumer’s demands and complying with the food safety standards, certain risk-prevention and control methods should be applied (Bonsi R.,2001). In the fruits products processing company, the application of a HACCP system allows the identification of the key-elements of the technological process. The system analyses the hazard related to the product and the process, indicating the critical control points to the hygienic quality of the product.. Starting with the fact that some of these products are ready to eat (eg.fresh fruits or Macedonia salad), there are major concerns regarding the level of pesticides and other chemical contaminants, the maintenance of hygiene during harvesting, handling, processing, storage, and commercialisation (Aversano, F 2006). In order to prevent or reduce the above-mentioned hazards, the big specialised companies and small producers must apply HACCP prevention methods, not methods based on the final product control (which may affect consumer’s health and may lead to important economic loss). In the last years, in Romania, some companies started to certify the food safety management system, according the ISO 22000, IFS or BRC standards,whose common point is the HACCP study, which is included in all food safety standards. Therefore, this paper contains a HACCP study, characteristic for “ready to eat” vegetable products and expl
Molecular Modeling of Quercetin Binding to the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma
Authors: COMAN (ISVORANU) Cristina , SOCACIU Carmen
Published: December 2021

The interaction between the quercetin (a generic flavonoid molecule) and the ligand binding domain of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-gamma was investigated using the AutoDock software, which allows docking of molecular ligands to receptor macromolecules. AutoDock is able to find the most favourable binding site for quercetin on the receptor ligand binding domain and to predict the binding mode. The results show that the bonding is mainly driven through hydrogen bond type interactions and suggest the existence of two favourable quercetin conformations which coexist.
The Grinding Resistance of the Wheat Grain Related to the Grinding Degree For The First Break In The Wheat Milling
Authors: DANCIU Cristina , DANCIU Ioan
Published: December 2021

Breakage of wheat grain during first break roller milling depends on the characteristics of the wheat (including the distributions of kernel size, hardness and moisture content) and on the design and operation of the roller mill (including roll speeds and differential, roll disposition, fluting profile, number of flutes, fluting spiral, roll gap, the degree of roll wear and the feed rate). The effects of these factors are manifest in the particle size distribution exiting first break, the compositional distribution of those particles (as large particles tend to be richer in bran, while small particles are pure endosperm), the power required to mill the wheat and the rate of roll wear. For this research, was used a new designed micromill which can perform in the grinding process of the wheat and of the middling too, in the same conditions as in the milling industry. The micromill is used to determine the grinding resistance of the cereals.The method has the same accuracy as the classical one and it has the advantage to be quicker and less demanding as work volume. The assessment of the grinding resistance in the wheat breaking process is related to the settings of the milling equipment which can lead to a diminuate total energy consumption, in the milling process.
Airborne Particulate Contaminants During Refrigeration of Meat in Controled Medium
Authors: JIANU C. , COCAN Ileana , RIVIT A. , NEGREA Monica , MISCĂ Corina , CALINA Jenica
Published: December 2021

The transfer of contamination through the airborne route is one of the most significant areas of high-care food production. The food industry specially the manufacturing of the chilled meat products strive for lower levels of the air contamination, therefore lot of experimental and numerical studies considers the concentration of airborne particulate contaminants, such as different species of food spoilage microorganism.

In a food processing system concerned with efficient and duration preservation of primary agricultural produce post-harvesting/post-slaughtering, low carbonylic compounds as potential volatile metabolites generated by the micro flora present in the modified atmosphere CO2/O2; N2/O2, etc. of refrigeration areas for wholesale or pre-packaged fresh meat are of major interest together with other risk factors of consumer food safety.

Some low aliphatic ketones with high volatility can be seized by smelling even at freezing temperatures in an advanced stage of accumulation.

In this paper we suggest a guick method for the measurement of their concentration expressed as MEK starting with values of 1 μg/m3 atmosphere (refrigeration environment) through periodical and/or continuous sampling through aspiration from the proximity of meat surface both pre-packed and stored in standard cells in modified atmosphere (25% CO2; 75% O2) (25% N2; 75% O2) in an ethanol solution of salicylaldehyde 10% (CAS 90-02-8) when it makes up a colorimetrable yellow-orange compound. Assessment can be done continuously in parallel with comparing the colour with a potassium dichromate scale (qualitatively) and also by reporting it to a sampling curve previously prepared (quantitatively). The specificity of the method is affected only by the presence in the refrigeration atmosphere of other toxic volatile metabolites of ketonic nature (acetone, acetoin, 2,3-butane dione).
Celery, a Natural Alternative to Chemical Nitrite Added to Meat Products
Authors: MÂNDREAN Nicoleta Liliana , TIŢA Ovidiu
Published: December 2021

The beneficial effects of nitrite in meat products are mandatory for consumer acceptance. But the nitrite also has a known toxic action. So one of the main research topics in meat industry is the reduction of chemical contamination with nitrite. To replace the chemical nitrite in a liver pate a functional mix that contains celery extract it was used. After the sensorial evaluation and spectrometric determination of residual nitrite the conclusion is that this functional mix is suitable for sterilized products.
Hygienic Quality Assessment of Buffalo Milk
Authors: ŞTEŢCA Gheorghe , PETREAN Anamaria Luciana , MOREA Adriana
Published: December 2021

Fatty, protein, lactose and dry matter were analyzed from 468 samples of buffalo raw milk collected from mixture (n = 416) and individually (n = 52). From these samples a number of 270 samples (57.70%) were collected in winter season and the remaining 198 (42.30%) in summer season. The results of buffalo milk integrity collected from routes and individually were the following: 6.7% vs.7.7% for fatty and 8.36% vs. 10.09% for non-fat dry matter. Average values of the main components of buffalo milk determined in the winter are slightly increased than those obtained during the grazing season: 3.78 vs. 3.74 for protein, 4.92 vs. 4.74 for lactose, 7.92 vs. 7.49 for fatty and 16.50 vs. 16.48 for dry matter. Statistical processing of the data shows that differences were significant at fatty, very significant at lactose and statistically insignificant at protein and dry matter.
Deficiency of Vitamin C in Dairy Products and Supplementation in Milk by Adding the Bioactive Natural Products
Authors: ŢIFREA Anca Maria , TIŢA Ovidiu
Published: December 2021

Since milk constitutes an important item in the human diet and since the importance of an adequate amount of vitamin C in the diet is becoming more fully appreciated, it appeared to us that any investigation that might yield further information as to how milks containing greater quantities of this dietary essential might be produced would be worth while. Sea buckthorn is a natural multi-vitamins and a major source of vitamin C, fruits containing vitamin C at a rate of two times more than rosehips and ten times more than citrus (200-1500 mg). Strengthening with Vitamin C will be considering of content of vitamin C in milk samples taken per season (winter, spring, summer, autumn). This contributes to a balanced diet need vitamin C content in fruits of sea buckthorn. The new recommended dietary allowance of vitamin C (110 mg per day for an adult) takes into account of risks for health.
New Complex Analytical Protocols for Agro-Foods Complete Quality Investigation
Authors: VINTILA Iuliana
Published: December 2021

The functional properties of novel and tailored (personalized) foods viewed as rheological parameters with relevance for the characterisation of food matrices in certain condition imposed a correct selection of the rheological methods and association with others techniques, such spectroscopy or microscopy, TPA (Texture Profile Analysis) or thermodynamically evolution of food system, in order to obtain a complete image of the total quality and dynamic foods behaviour.

The physico- rheo -molecular approach involve a correct selection of the significant markers which give the more relevant experimental results. The present paper research aim to review the actual approach in selecting the investigation protocols for a complete functionalities characterisation in case of novel or tailored foods. The dependency of viscosity from shear rate at 100 s-1 as rheological marker is relevant for the physical sensation give by the fat content in classical or low-calorie foods (mayonnaises, dressings, sauces). The kinetic viscosity,yield stress and mass specific heat flow are rheological markers in dynamic termomechanical tests. The sensory acceptance of food and the limits of acceptability associated with the palatability characteristics (positive correlated with viscosity and frictional coefficient) make a relevant bridge between structure and sensoriality. Dynamic Gastric Model (DGM) which reproduce the human body condition for digestion for characterisation of the food transformation and specific interaction which occur between nutrients in real time are the future approach in food bio-nutrition.
Reformulation of Romanian Meat Products and Cheeses: is this a Necessity for a Lower Salt Intake?
Authors: ZUGRAVU Corina Aurelia , PARVU Monica , TARCEA Monica , PATRASCU Daniela , STOIAN-PANTEA Anca
Published: December 2021

Reducing salt is a major task for companies all over the world. Scientific evidence has linked excessive salt consumption to increased risk of high blood pressure.

The question we tried to answer to is if meat products and cheeses need to be reformulated, in order to bring down their salt content, taking in account the daily intake of cold cuts and diary products in our country. The intake was assessed by 7-days food diaries, completed by a representative sample of Romanians. The values used for the salt content were computed from data gathered in Romania since 2007.

The average value of salt for Romanian cheeses is 2.4 g /100 g and for meat products, 2, 2 g /100 g. The food diaries showed that meat products and cheeses cover low percents of the daily salt intake (4%; 4%), with little variations between regions of the country. The present study concludes that cheeses and cold cuts, although consumed in all Romanian regions, have not a great contribution to the total salt intake in our country, so reformulation is not an emergency. However, the producers have to target in future a better management of the use of salt in the food chains, in the frame of advised descendent trends of the salt quantity introduced in human food. It has to be kept in mind that as long as the technological process allows it, every milligram of salt taken away from the product `s recipe is a helper of the consumer `s health.
The Determination of the Quechers Performance Method to Identify Pesticides Content in Cereal
Authors: BIROU (POP) Anamaria , MUSTE Sevastiţa , SOCACI Sonia , MURESAN Crina
Published: December 2021

According to existing regulations in determining pesticide residues in cereal matrix, is required to determine parameters of performance method for both standard methods and those that are made slight changes to improve the method. For the purposes of the above, we done a validation of the QuEChERS method as follows:
Relationship between the Polarimetric Determination of Starch and the Starch Iodine Index in Apple Variety Jonathan
Authors: CERBU (MUREŞAN) Andruta Elena , MUSTE Sevastita , BORŞA, Andrei , MAN Simona , MUREŞAN Vlad
Published: December 2021

Apple (Malus domestica) originated in Western Asia, where its wild ancestor, the Alma, is still found today. There are more than 7.500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a wide range of desired characteristics (Muste, 2008). Total annual world apple production (2009) was around 71 million tonnes reaching the second place among fruits worldwide. Romanian annual apple production is around 0.5 million tonnes (FAO, 2011). Producers usually determine the maturity of apples from when the starch disappears from the fruit
HPLC Analysis of Sugars in Different Types of Wine from Jidvei Winery
Authors: CHIRCU Carmen Ioana , MUSTE Sevastiţa , BOBIS Otilia , BONTA Victorita
Published: December 2021

Grapes, the raw material for wine making, have a complex chemical composition comprising of carbohydrates, organic acids and phenolic compounds, parameters that can be found in wine also, but in different concentrations.
EDUTIC - A Training Programme Dedicated to Primary and Secondary School Teachers with the View to Implement ICTs in Actual Education
Authors: GORGHIU Gabriel , BREZEANU Iulian , GORGHIU Laura Monica
Published: December 2021

The EDUTIC Project - proposed under the sectoral operational programme POS-DRU - aims to create a Romanian regional education network between pre-university and university institutions, composed by a University (Valahia University Târgovişte) and 9 educational County Inspectorates (Argeş, Buzău, Călăraşi, Dâmboviţa, Giurgiu, Ialomiţa, Olt, Prahova, Teleorman), with future possibilities of extension.
Prediction of Carbohydrates in Fruit Juice Soft Drinks Using Ftir Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis
Authors: LEOPOLD Loredana F. , SOCACIU Carmen
Published: December 2021

Evaluation of fruit juice quality and authenticity is an important applied research area, with relevant impact in industry, food science and consumer protection. Rapid and cost effective methods of carbohydrate determination in fruit juices are of high importance, since unscrupulous companies, manufacturers or traders seek substantial benefits using adulterated juices to gain market advantages over honest competitors, using cheaper ingredients (fruit juices, sugar and syrups) and/or false label indications for consumers.
The Utilization of Conductometric Method for Determination of Quantitative Modifications of Hop Pellets Bitter Acids During the Storage
Authors: SAFTA (SALANTA) Liana Claudia , TOFANA Maria , SOCACI Sonia Ancuta , CHELEMAN Rowena Anamaria , MUDURA Elena , TRUTA Delia
Published: December 2021

Alpha-acids are the main bitterness substances of beer and are mainly humulone, cohumulone and adhumulone. The effects of storage temperature on the composition of hop pellets of the varieties Hüller Bitterer and Magnum were studied. All the hop pellets samples were stored at -20°C, but the losses in bitter acids content were different for each hop variety.
Effect of Streptomyces Metabolites on Some Physiological Parameters of Maize Seeds
Authors: POSTOLAKY Olga POSTOLAKY , BALTSAT Kristinac , BURTSEVA Svetlana , MASLOBROD Serghei
Published: December 2021

The influence of metabolites of actinomycetes on some physiological parameters of maizeÂ seeds of hybrid of Debut variety (roots formation, growth of coleoptiles) has been studied. The strainsÂ of actinomycetes genusÂ Streptomyces were isolated from various soil samples of R.Moldova with different content of humus. The obtained data showed that the number of roots increased considerablyÂ under the influence of metabolites ofÂ Streptomyces sp .47, Streptomyces sp .123, Streptomyces sp .154 andÂ Streptomyces sp .182 (19,4%, 16,6% and 13,8% respectively, compared with the control - water). The increasing by 33,0 and 44,8% of the main root in comparison with the control was determinedÂ after the treatment with metabolites ofÂ Streptomyces sp .11 and Streptomyces sp .123 strains. The metabolites ofÂ Streptomyces sp .154 and Streptomyces sp .182 strains led to an increasing of coleoptiles length on 31,3 and 38,1% respectively. The dry weight of the roots and coleoptiles exceeded theÂ control on 30-80% and 25-75% respectively in experimental variants. Our research showed that theÂ investigated streptomycetes strains are capable to synthesize the substances which stimulate rootsÂ forming and development of stems. In summary, the isolated from Moldavian soils strains ofÂ streptomycetes can be considered as potential producers of plant growth regulators.
The Study of the Behaviour of Trifolium Pratense+ Lolium Multiflorum in the
Authors: DEAK Denes , ROTAR Ioan , VIDICAN Roxana VIDICAN , BOGDAN Anca , BANTO Erika
Published: December 2021

The red clover culture gives good results in Transylvania. Our experience has followed the behavior of red clover mixture andÂ Lolium multiflorum in depression Odorhei Secuiesc, following the application of different doses of liquid fertilizer (gull) and manure. We experienced liquid fertilizers (gull) as more dairy farms are built on systems to water slurry. In this paper we present the evolution of D.M. harvest and green mass due to the fertilizers presented.
Determination of Vertical Air Speed and Analysis of the Liquid Distribution for ATOM
Authors: MARIAN Ovidiu , DROCAÈ˜ Ioan , RANTA Ovidiu , MUNTEAN Mircea , MOLNAR Adrian
Published: December 2021

The paper has studied how the speed of air is changed at different distances from the fan and at various heights at 3 m between rows of, using ATOM 300 orchard sprayer machine equipped with a new axial fan. The experiments were carried out for both speeds of the gear box.Experimental tests have shown that airflow speed changes along the tower of the fan depending on the distance and position. The direction of rotation of the fan in a clockwise direction, influences the airflow speed, being higher on the right side.When measuring vertical airflow velocity (3 and 4 m distance between rows), there can be observed a slowing of the airflow speed along with height, maximum speed being at ground level. Also here can be observed that the speed of airflow in the right side is higher on all points measuredÂ .
Clio no espelho
Authors: Costa Aryana Lima
Published: December 2021

Este artigo se propõe a analisar o estado da arte sobre a história dos cursos superiores de História no Brasil. Listo trabalhos entre os anos 1999 e 2021 e os analiso em termos de: estrutura da narrativa; problemática selecionada; fontes; e referências teórico-metodológicas. Concluo com a importância desses tipos de trabalhos para a memória profissional da área e para a história da historiografia brasileira; e por outro lado, com os desafios dos trabalhos que são: aprofundar o uso e a interrogação sobre fontes pertencentes ao âmbito da sala de aula universitária, além da necessidade de problematizar a narrativa evolucionista originada pela opção que a explicação linear da origem dos cursos ocasiona.
Impact of leaching on chloride ingress profiles in concrete
Authors: Machner Alisa , Bjørndal Marie , Šajna Aljoša , Mikanovic Nikola , De Weerdt Klaartje
Published: December 2021

To investigate the effect of leaching on chloride ingress profiles in concrete and mortar, we exposed concrete and mortar specimens for 90 and 180 days to two different exposure solutions: 3% NaCl, and 3% NaCl with KOH added to limit leaching. The solutions were replaced weekly. After exposure, we determined total chloride profiles to investigate the chloride ingress, and portlandite profiles to assess the extent of leaching. The results showed that leaching during exposure greatly affects the chloride ingress profiles in mortar and concrete. We found that leaching leads to considerably higher maximum total chloride content and deeper chloride penetration into the concrete than in the specimens where leaching was limited. We recommend therefore that leaching should be taken into account in standard laboratory testing and that more mechanistic service life models should be used to take into account the impact of leaching.
Optimal model for weaning-weight of Bunaji Bulls at NAPRI Farm, Shika, Nigeria
Authors: Rabe Anasu
Published: December 2021

Empirical models have over the years been commonly established by animal research centers for the study of weight-age profiles in order to understand the metabolic processes of growth. They provide efficient parameter estimates for mature weight and rate of maturing, but were found to consistently either over-or-under estimate the mature weight. estimate the mature weight. They also perform poorly in predicting weight in early life or beyond the range of input data. At the National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI) farm, Shika, Brody was established as the model that provides efficient parameter estimates of weight-age profiles for Bunaji bulls. However, a major drawback of the model is its consistent underestimation of weight prior to six months of age, leading to poor prediction of weaning weight. To address this shortcoming, we propose in this article a joint mean-covariance model that provide optimal parameter estimates for the weaning weight of Bunaji bulls