bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association and Mediating Biomarkers of Serum Retinol in Influencing the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population
Authors: Pang Xiuyu , Yang Sen , Guo Xiaoyu , Li Hongyin , Zhang Yingfeng , Wei Chunbo , Wang Yu , Sun Changhao , Li Ying
Published: March 2022

The aims of this research are to elucidate whether serum retinol is associated with type 2 diabetes and to explore the underlying mechanisms of the association in a prospective cohort study. A total of 3,526 diabetes-free participants aged 40 years or older were enrolled at baseline in 2010–2012. Multivariable logistic regression was adopted to evaluate the associations of serum retinol and dietary vitamin A (VA) intake with type 2 diabetes. Mediation analyses were used to reveal potential mediators in their associations. After a mean follow-up of 5.3 years, 280 incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. Serum retinol was positively associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes from the bottom to the top quintile of serum retinol were 1, 1.878 (1.202, 2.936), 2.110 (1.364, 3.263), 1.614 (1.027, 2.538), and 2.134 (1.377, 3.306) (p-trend = 0.009), respectively. Mediation analysis showed that increased homeostasis model assessment - insulin resistance HOMA-IR, triglycerides (TG), and serum xanthine oxidase (XO) activity could account for 8.5, 14.7, and 12.1% of the total effects of serum retinol on type 2 diabetes, respectively. Serum retinol concentration was not significantly associated with dietary VA intake (r = −0.010, p = 0.570). In addition, no significant relationship was observed between dietary VA intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Overall, elevated serum retinol might increase the risk of type 2 diabetes which is mainly mediated by increased insulin resistance, TG, or serum XO activity.
Machine Learning-Assisted Ensemble Analysis for the Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Huang Yibao , Zhu Qingqing , Xue Liru , Zhu Xiaoran , Chen Yingying , Wu Mingfu
Published: March 2022

The clinical benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) vs. adjuvant chemotherapy after CCRT is debated. Non-response to platinum-based NACT is a major contributor to poor prognosis, but there is currently no reliable method for predicting the response to NACT (rNACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). In this study we developed a machine learning (ML)-assisted model to accurately predict rNACT. We retrospectively analyzed data on 636 patients diagnosed with stage IB2 to IIA2 cervical cancer at our hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 1, 2020. Five ML-assisted models were developed from candidate clinical features using 2-step estimation methods. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), clinical impact curve, and decision curve analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness and clinical applicability of each model. A total of 30 candidate variables were ultimately included in the rNACT prediction model. The areas under the ROC curve of models constructed using the random forest classifier (RFC), support vector machine, eXtreme gradient boosting, artificial neural network, and decision tree ranged from 0.682 to 0.847. The RFC model had the highest predictive accuracy, which was achieved by incorporating inflammatory factors such as platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-albumin ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio. These results demonstrate that the ML-based prediction model developed using the RFC can be used to identify LACC patients who are likely to respond to rNACT, which can guide treatment selection and improve clinical outcomes.
Case Report: Capitalizing on Development and Activity-Dependent Plasticity, an Interaction With Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Goode-Roberts MacKenzie , Noonan Kathryn , Stout Danielle , Calvery Margaret , Brothers Kyle , Doonan Nicole Williams , Behrman Andrea L.
Published: March 2022

Background

Spinal cord injury (SCI) in infancy halts typical development secondary to paralysis/paresis and the limited ability to engage with the environment. Traditional therapies further restrict a child via bracing, equipment, and medications. In contrast, activity-based restorative therapies (ABRT) promote activation of the neuromuscular system below the level of injury and affords a more typical sensorimotor experience.

Case Description

A premature male infant exhibiting hypotonia, poor head control, and extremity weakness was diagnosed at age 5 months with a remote incomplete upper cervical SCI based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), presumed to have occurred perinatally. From 4 to 15 months of age, he received physical, occupational and speech therapies. Enrolled in an ABRT program at 15 months, he was unable to sit, pull-to-stand, stand, or walk and had upper extremity impairments. Results of the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development revealed gross and fine motor scores consistent with a 4-month-old.

Methods

Activity-based restorative therapies was provided 5 day/week: 1.5 h of activity-based locomotor training and 1 h of activity-based occupational therapy.

Results

Activity-based restorative therapies are reported for 177 sessions and are on-going. Improvements are noted in trunk control, standing, walking, grasp, in-hand manipulation, and associated kinematics. Bayley-III fine motor score improved to that of a 16-month-old and gross motor score to that of a 7-month-old.

Discussion

While the two treatment periods (i.e., 4–15 months old and 15–24 months) were each ∼9 months, the child’s accelerated progress toward typical development during the latter, ABRT period is noteworthy. In comparison to the period of traditional therapies in which paralysis was compounded by a restrictive environment and compensation, ABRT provided a potentially rich sensorimotor experience with an emphasis on active weight-bearing and proper kinematics to activate the neuromuscular system below the lesion in an age-appropriate, task-specific context of activities. Improved physical capacity enabled exploration more typically associated with development at this age expanding the positive impact to other developmental domains.
Effect of the Early Start Denver Model on Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Syndrome of Different Traditional Chinese Medicine Types in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Lili , Feng Junyan , Zhang Yu , Wang Tiantian
Published: March 2022

Background

The clinical presentation of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is heterogeneous, and there are little data available on the treatment of children with different types of ASD. We sought to explore which traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome type was more effective for children with ASD after 3 months of Early Denver Model intervention and to analyze the reasons for its efficacy from the perspective of TCM.

Methods

This was a retrospective study. The subjects were children with ASD who were first diagnosed at the Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, between December 2018 and September 2019. Eighty-nine children were divided into a kidney jing deficiency group, a liver qi stagnation group, and a group with deficiency of both the heart and spleen.

Results

After treatment, the total Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores were significantly reduced in the three groups (p < 0.05) compared to before treatment. Significant improvements were seen in all five domains of the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese version in the LQ group (p < 0.05). After intervention, the LQ group showed greater improvements compared to the other two groups in the language, eye–hand coordination, body and object use, social and self-help, and total ABC scores.

Conclusion

Our study showed that Early Denver Model intervention is effective in the treatment of three syndrome types of children with ASD, with the LQ group experiencing the most significant effects.
The Impact of Age on Propofol Requirement for Inducing Loss of Consciousness in Elderly Surgical Patients
Authors: Yang Hua , Deng Hui-Min , Chen Hai-Yan , Tang Shu-Heng , Deng Fang , Lu Yu-Gang , Song Jin-Chao
Published: March 2022

It is generally accepted that geriatric patients are more sensitive to propofol than adults; thus, a dose-adjusted propofol is recommended for these patients during the induction of anesthesia. However, for patients aged 75 years and over, established guidelines for propofol induction doses do not provide dose references. To this end, we observed 80 surgical patients (female 39, male 41, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score I ∼ II) to access the appropriate dose of propofol for inducing loss of consciousness (LOC). Accordingly, patients were subdivided into group A (20 patients, 45–64 years), group B (20 patients, 65–74 years), group C (20 patients, 75–84 years), and group D (20 patients, ≥ 85 years). All patients received propofol (at a rate of 0.3 mg/kg/min) alone for inducing LOC, which was defined by loss of both eyelash reflex and verbal response. Compared with group A, the propofol requirement for LOC in Group B, C and D decreased by 14.8, 25.2 and 38.5%, respectively. Bivariate linear correlation analysis showed that propofol requirement was negatively correlated with age. After adjusting for potential confounders, age was still an independent factor affecting propofol requirement. In conclusion, the propofol requirement for inducing LOC decreased significantly in elderly patients. We demonstrated that age was an independent factor impacting propofol requirement for LOC during the induction of general anesthesia, implying that the propofol dose for anesthesia induction should be further reduced in elderly surgical patients, especially those aged 75 years and over.
Is the Energy Cost of Rowing a Determinant Factor of Performance in Elite Oarsmen?
Authors: Blervaque Léo , Bowen Maximilien , Chatel Benjamin , Corbex Emilio , Dalmais Etienne , Messonnier Laurent A.
Published: March 2022

In elite oarsmen, the rowing ergometer is a valuable tool for both training and studying rowing performance determinants. However, the energy cost of rowing, often reported as a determinant of performance, has never been described for ergometer rowing. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the energy cost of ergometer rowing (ECR) in elite oarsmen, its contribution to 2,000 m performance, and its determinants. This study was conducted on 21 elite oarsmen from the French national team. It included an incremental exercise test up to exhaustion and an all-out performance test over 2,000 m, both conducted on a rowing ergometer. Gas exchange analysis was performed to calculate oxygen uptake and substrate utilization rate. Whole blood lactate concentrations during the incremental test were obtained from the earlobe. During the incremental test, ECR displayed a significant linear increase up to a plateau that reached a mean rowing speed of 5.23 ± 0.02 m⋅s–1. The ECR values at 300, 350, and 400 W were positively correlated with performance expressed as the time required to perform the 2,000 m distance on the rowing ergometer. The same ECR values were found to be significantly related to fat oxidation (expressed in percentage of total energy supply) and blood lactate concentrations. This study provides the first description of ECR and of its relationship to exercise intensity on the rowing ergometer in elite oarsmen. ECR appeared to be a factor of performance and interestingly was related to energy supply from fat and blood lactate concentrations.
The Contribution of Shape Features and Demographic Variables to Disembedding Abilities
Authors: Cappello Elisa Morgana , Lettieri Giada , Malizia Andrea Patricelli , d’Arcangelo Sonia , Handjaras Giacomo , Lattanzi Nicola , Ricciardi Emiliano , Cecchetti Luca
Published: March 2022

Humans naturally perceive visual patterns in a global manner and are remarkably capable of extracting object shapes based on properties such as proximity, closure, symmetry, and good continuation. Notwithstanding the role of these properties in perceptual grouping, studies highlighted differences in disembedding performance across individuals, which are summarized by the field dependence dimension. Evidence suggests that age and educational attainment explain part of this variability, whereas the role of sex is still highly debated. Also, which stimulus features primarily influence inter-individual variations in perceptual grouping has still to be fully determined. Building upon these premises, we assessed the role of age, education level, and sex on performance at the Leuven Embedded Figure Test—a proxy of disembedding abilities—in 391 cisgender individuals. We also investigated to what extent shape symmetry, closure, complexity, and continuation relate to task accuracy. Overall, target asymmetry, closure, and good continuation with the embedding context increase task difficulty. Simpler shapes are more difficult to detect than those with more lines, yet context complexity impairs the recognition of complex targets (i.e., those with 6 lines or more) to a greater extent. Concerning demographic data, we confirm that age and educational attainment are significantly associated with disembedding abilities and reveal a perceptual advantage in males. In summary, our study further highlights the role of shape properties in disembedding performance and unveils sex differences not reported so far.
Putting the Puzzle Back Together—A Narrative Case Study of an Athlete Who Survived Child Sexual Abuse in Sport
Authors: Gillard Allyson , St-Pierre Elisabeth , Radziszewski Stephanie , Parent Sylvie
Published: March 2022

Denunciations of child sexual abuse (CSA) in the sport context have been increasing in the last decades. Studies estimate that between 14 and 29% of athletes have been victim of at least one form of sexual violence in sport before the age of 18. However, studies suggest that many do not disclose their experience of CSA during childhood. This finding is alarming since studies have shown that the healing process usually starts with disclosure. Moreover, little is known about the healing process of CSA experienced in the sport context. The aim of the study is to present a single case study of a CSA in sport to better understand the global experience over time from the perspective of the athlete. A narrative inquiry approach was adopted. Three non-structured interviews were conducted with the participant. Three pathways in the survivor journey have been identified through inductive thematic analysis: (a) pathway to understanding, (b) pathway to disclosure, and (c) pathway to healing. These pathways represent distinct processes but are intertwined as they are dynamic and iterative. Indeed, the survivor explained how she had been, and is still, going back and forth between them. Results are consistent with those found in the literature on CSA in the general population. It suggests that theoretical models of CSA in the general population could be applied to CSA in sport. Practical implications include a need for education and clearer boundaries in the coach-athlete relationship. Sport stakeholders also need to be better equipped to recognize the signs of sexual violence in sport. Our results indicate that qualitative research could be a potential avenue to help victims heal from CSA. It gives them the chance to talk about and make sense of their abuse in a safe space. Finally, our results demonstrate the importance of reviewing the current justice system for victims. It should be based on a trauma-informed approach that places the victim at the center of the judicial process.
Application of Block Sparse Bayesian Learning in Power Quality Steady-State Data Compression
Authors: Hu Wenjian , Zhu Mingxing , Zhang Huaying
Published: March 2022

In modern power systems, condition monitoring equipment generates a great deal of steady-state data that are too large for data transmission and, thus, data compression is needed. Therefore, there is a balance to strike between compression quality and data accuracy. Greedy algorithms are effective but suffer from low data reconstruction accuracy. This paper proposes a block sparse Bayesian learning (BSBL)-based data compression method. Based on the prior distribution and posterior probability of the sparse signals, it uses the Bayesian formula to excavate the block structure of these signals. This paper also adds two indicators to the evaluation process to validate the proposed method. The proposed method is effective in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), relative root mean square error (RRMSE), amplitude error, energy recovery percentage (ERP), and angle error. The first three indicate better performance of the proposed method than the traditional method by giving the same compression ratio. Therefore, the method validates the possibility of a more accurate and economical solution to power quality assurance.
Pursuing Consultant Performance: The Roles of Sustainable Leadership Styles, Sustainable Human Resource Management Practices, and Consultant Job Satisfaction
Authors: Cahyadi Afriyadi , Poór József , Szabó Katalin
Published: March 2022

Human resource management (HRM) consultants have a paramount role in solving current company problems, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic. They are professionals who work for HRM consulting firms. This research aims to investigate the positive effects of sustainable leadership styles and HRM practices on consultant job satisfaction and performance in firms in Indonesia. We standardized and tested seven hypotheses and engaged the Snowball sampling method for collecting primary data. Then, we sent a self-report questionnaire with 27 items to respondents. Four hundred consultants are the target respondents in cross-sectional data collection from the beginning of January to the beginning of February 2022. The confirmatory factor analysis has produced valid and reliable items in total. The goodness of fit test has issued a fit model. Hence, first, the chief executive officers’ (CEOs) sustainable leadership styles and HRM practices positively affect consultant job satisfaction. Second, consultant job satisfaction positively affects consultant performance. Therefore, sustainable leadership styles and sustainable HRM practices are independent variables. Job satisfaction is the mediating one.
Building a motivation system based on strategic goals and key performance indicators — KPIs for determining measures to stimulate the work of personnel in the state apparatus
Authors: Svirina L.
Published: March 2022

The article substantiates the practical expediency of using KPIs in public authorities to build an effective system of motivation of management to achieve individual, resulting performance indicators set by the management, based on the short-term and long-term strategic goals of the company. The provisions of the evidence base of the necessity and legality of the use of a progressive motivation system based on KPIs are argued, the main of which are result orientation, manageability of the motivation system, the fairness of decisions to determine a worthy assessment of the employee's contribution to the overall success of the company, transparency of the employee's understanding of the award criteria. A proven scheme for the development of a motivation system is given.
Strategic threats to water security in Russia: interconnection of water security, risks and economic growth
Authors: Egorova A.
Published: March 2022

The stability of the economy of the Russian Federation depends on the availability of water resources. In the main, statistical information shows that Russia is the most water-rich country. However, at the national and local levels, the lack of readily available freshwater in the regions of Russia has proved to be a key risk, and water scarcity has threatened economic growth in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Population growth and urbanization, climate change, destruction of forest ecosystems, pollution of water resources and an increase in dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena are strategic threats to Russia’s sustainable economic growth. The article analyzed water-related risks affecting the sustainable use of water resources in the Russian Federation and, consequently, economic growth. The results of the study are of practical importance in the development of strategies for sustainable water management and for the development of a methodology for the economic assessment of water-related risks.
WORLD TRENDS OF SOCIOCULTURAL CHANGES AND THEIR IMPACT ON MODERNIZATION PROCESSES IN EDUCATION
Authors: IHNATENKO N.
Published: March 2022

Understanding the phenomenon of education and its impact on the progressive trends of human development requires a scientific basis for the formation, development and functioning of modern social phenomena and processes, because any society, radically different from its historical predecessors, is primarily characterized by a new quality of human life, that born a  new person and a qualitatively new social structure. The education system cannot exist in isolation from social development, aiming only at the transfer of relevant knowledge and skills. The formation of educational paradigms is influenced by a number of factors that transform it and give it new characteristics. In this context, the study of evolutionary theories of socio-cultural change allows us to look at the problem of forming a model of education as the most difficult task of state formation, which depends on the innovative potential of the nation in general and the progress of the individual in particular.

As a result of the conducted work the directions of modernization of the strategic imperative of education of the third millennium were investigated; the evolutionary theories of socio-cultural changes are analyzed and the conceptual features of the «information society» and the «knowledge society» are characterized; the essence of the internal conflict of modern educational systems and approaches to overcoming it are clarified; concluded that the conceptual ideas of advanced education should be a defining guideline for building an effective strategy for change.
FORMATION OF FOLKLORE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE CULTUROLOGISTS IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: KNYAZ O.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the key moments of formation of folklore competence of future culturologists in the process of professional training, analyzes the views of modern scientists on the formation of folklore competence of culturologists, identifies structural elements of folklore competence (behavioral, cognitive, motivational and value, regulator). The study showed that the process of formation of folklore competence of future culturologists in the framework of pedagogical training in a classical university is successful if: the structure of folklore competence is determined; assigned a group of criteria to assess the effectiveness of the process of formation of folklore competence, identified levels and relevant indicators, diagnostic methods for each of the criteria; theoretical and methodological support of the process of formation of folklore competence of the future culturologist in the conditions of professional training is developed. Through the mediation of folklore preserved mythological symbols, future generations are passed on the archetypes of the people, which are subject to the transmutation mechanism (study, analysis, interpretation). After all, it is folklore that represents the current form of morality in society − its poetic version. The peculiarity of folklore as a form of reflection of reality is that it conveys the meaning and values of folk morality in artistic images and paintings. In the folklore arsenal of culture are concentrated universal, national, ethical, aesthetic values.

Based on our research, it can be argued that the most effective ways to develop folklore competence in future culturologists are: acquisition of special knowledge;  comparison, juxtaposition of knowledge, impressions, experiences; creating situations that require self-assessment, in which new phenomena in professional life are learned, and then comparing it with their own assessments; solving specific pedagogical situations that require folklore knowledge and skills, as well as ethical and pedagogical behavior; folklore games, a system of role functions and attitudes for modeling and research of possible relationships characteristic of this professional activity.
EXCURSION AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROCESS
Authors: SEMENOVA K.
Published: March 2022

The article deals the views of authoritative researchers of excursion business on school excursion as a leading form of pedagogical process. The concepts of “excursion” and “school excursion” are analyzed, and the basic views on the classification of school excursions are given. The author of the article also gives the main functions and didactic principles of organizing and conducting a school tour.

A school excursion is a special form of pedagogical process, the basis of which is a methodically well-thought-out display of sights, historical and cultural monuments, analysis of objects visited by students, as well as a meaningful story of the tour guide about events related to these objects.

This publication emphasizes that the fundamental pedagogical principles of teaching and education are central to the organization and conduct of school excursions. And the presence of the basic elements of pedagogy in excursion activity allows to define it as pedagogical process in which the central place is given to the tour guide who carries out two pedagogical tasks – didactic and educational.
FORMATION OF PRESCHOOLERS` IDEAS ABOUT THE PROFESSIONS BY THE METHOD OF POLYTECHNIC PLAYING ACTIVITY
Authors: SEMENOVSKA L.
Published: March 2022

In the article, on the basis of the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, the pedagogical foundations of the implementation of polytechnic playing activity are substantiated; revealed its significance in the formation of preschoolers' ideas about professions. Taking into account the modern achievements of pedagogical theory and practice of education, the features of labor education of preschoolers are analyzed. The article deals with the modern interpretation of the polytechnic idea. It is emphasized that modern informational and technical changes content, forms and methods of educational interaction, transformation of the child's position in the educational process, determines the transition to an anthropocentric paradigm of human formation, humanistic practice-oriented preparation of children for future work activity. The child's work is closely connected with playing activity. During work, kids often enjoy playing, and older preschoolers also often use playing for working. By playing, children like to reflect the nature of adult labor and relationship. The connection between working and playing activity of preschoolers is noted. It consists in the fact that through these activities the child generalizes and systematizes the idea of adult labor. The first emotional stage of professional self-determination is associated with working and playing. The study of adult labor, the performance of labor duties forms an idea of professions, leads to the fact that the first professional preferences are formed, professional interests are outlined. The author develops the idea that the innovative direction of the polytechnic idea provides for the implementation of the preschoolers` polytechnic playing activity. This scientific phenomenon is considered as a consistent, systemically organized, scientifically grounded, purposeful creative subject-subject interaction between the teacher and the child, for the purpose of labor education of preschoolers and the formation of their ideas about professions.
NATIONAL THESAURUSES OF SUBJECT BRANCHES AS AN IMPORTANT TOOL OF PROFESSIONAL SPEECH TRAINING OF FOREIGN STUDENTS IN INSTITUTIONS IN INSTITUTIONS
Authors: SKIBUN N.
Published: March 2022

The article considers the importance and necessity of formation and use of Ukrainian-language specialized thesaurus resources in various fields, which will act as an effective tool for professional speech training of foreign students in higher medical institutions not only in basic higher education, but also in new continuing education, education (for life). The urgency of accelerating work on the creation of national Ukrainian-language thesauri of both general and professional orientations, which is due to further integration processes, when domestic free economic zones are included in the training of specialists for the global labor market. Therefore, it is necessary to create a national Ukrainian-language thesaurus, which must be adapted and / or identical to global thesauri (today English-language thesauri are quite common for the world labor market and the world educational space). There is a further increase in intersectoral relationships that increase the lexical and semantic load on existing dictionaries, words, and terms, as well as the growing number of new words, terms and definitions in terms of entering the digital (cybernetic) component in all areas. In addition, the number of bilingual foreign students is growing every year, who, in addition to the national language, also speak English, which increases the level of their competencies. That is why it is necessary to compile English-Ukrainian explanatory dictionaries of professional terms in various fields, which on the one hand will improve the adaptation of foreign students to Ukrainian-language vocational education, and on the other hand, will promote the formation of Ukrainian-language professional thesaurus in the context of world thesauri. Concerning the medical field, first of all it is necessary to take measures to ensure that the multilingual MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) thesaurus also becomes Ukrainian-speaking and has open access for the entire medical community (education, science, broadcasters, professionals) online. In addition, this resource can be taken as a basis, creating additional thesauri at the national level, where the rights to them will be for our country, which will allow free use of available resources. In addition, it is necessary to unite the efforts of domestic scientists (broadcasters, professionals) to create a Ukrainian thesaurus in professional areas of high quality and deep content.
FORMING STUDENTS’ SKILLS OF SELF-MANAGEMENT AND SELF-ORGANIZATION OF LINGUISTIC SELF-EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: SHUMS’KYI O.
Published: March 2022

The article proves that there is an objective need to make radical changes in the content and essence of the existing system of higher education, including the field of foreign language training. It is necessary to move from a purely institutional paradigm to a self-educational one due to the fact that today’s traditional “knowledge-based” and “competence-based” format is no longer able to fully meet the needs of modern society. It is shown that the student’s linguistic self-educational activities should not be aimed only at achieving a particular result, as a specific individual practical source product, but also provide for independent organization and management of the process of achieving this result. In the course of self-management of student’s own linguistic self-educational activities, the teacher is supposed to create favorable conditions for the development of freedom and creativity, as well as for the disclosure of internal potential, which promotes the actualization of subjective qualities of the autonomous personality, capable and prepared for independent decision-making, reflective assessment and analysis of their own actions, reflection on their language, speech and learning experience, etc. Self-management is a mechanism and condition of self-organization of the individual. Self-organization not only ensures the process of linguistic self-education, but also, by structuring and streamlining this process, facilitates selecting optimal main ways to achieve the final result such as: self-organization of mental work; self-management; time management, as the ability to manage one’s own time and use resources rationally. Forming the skills of self-organization and self-management of linguistic self-educational activities should be performed in stages through pedagogical influence and be based on the student’s own experience, which he/she accumulates independently. At the initial stage, students are supposed to learn to draw up a specific plan together with the teacher, as well as a long-term and immediate program linguistic self-education based on the goal, set by the teacher. At the next stage, students are to master basic techniques of organizing and managing their own linguistic self-educational activities. At the final stage there is a final transition of managerial functions from the teacher to the student. Thus, it is possible to transform the student from a controlled object of teaching into a self-organized and self-managed subject of managing their own linguistic self-educational activities.
APLIKASI PEMROGRAMAN LINIER UNTUK OPTIMASI KEUNTUNGAN PENGRAJIN MEBEL DI JEPARA
Authors: Wahono Buang Budi
Published: March 2022

Jepara sebagai kota ukir telah diakui secara nasionl, bahkan sampai ke manca negara. Industri ukiran kayu menjadi mata pencaharian utama sebagian penduduknya.  Kayu sebgai bahan utama ukiran mebel dalam perkembangannya semakin langka. Hal ini menuntut pengrajin untuk memanfaatkan kayu yang ada, baik kayu glondongan besar, maupun kayu sisa dan bekas. Efisiensi penggunaan bahan dituntut untuk menunjang keberlanjutan usaha ukir mebel. Efisiensi penggunaan bahan mebel, terutama kayu salah satunya ditempuh dengan optimasi bahan yang ada sehingga menghasilkan keuntungan maksimal. Salah satu teknik optimasi yang bisa digunakan adalah dengan program linier, terutama metode simpleks. Metode simpleks merupakan metode matematika yang cukup rumit, sehingga pengguna atau pengrajin lebih mudah menggunakannya. Aplikasi ini telah diuji secara black box dan hasilnya dapat diterima. Pengujian juga dilakukan dengan melakukan perbandingan hasil optimasi menggunakan aplikasi dan perhitungan manual. Perbandingan yang dilakukan menghasilkan nilai yang sama untuk masukan yang sama, artinya perhitungan pada aplikasi ini adalah benar.
SARS-CoV-2 and Ocular Surface
Authors: Cемак Г.Р. , Жерко И.Ю. , Клецкий С.К.
Published: March 2022

Эпидемия SARS-CoV-2 представляет глобальную угрозу для общественного здоровья. Известно, что SARS-CoV-2 способен вызывать у зараженных угрожающую жизни дыхательную недостаточность. Существуют данные о способности коронавирусов поражать орган зрения и проникать в организм через конъюнктиву.Мы провели систематический обзор всех доступных публикаций, найденных по запросу (SARS-CoV-2 OR COVID19) AND Ophthalmology в базе данных PubMed. Были проанализированы 42 публикации, включавшие клинические исследования, описания клинических случаев, обзоры и статьи, описывающие организацию офтальмологической помощи в условиях эпидемии.Опубликованные данные говорят о возможности развития конъюнктивита, ассоциированного с SARS-CoV-2. Несмотря на то, что данное проявление COVID-19 наблюдается относительно редко, конъюнктивит сам по себе – явление частое. Поэтому офтальмологи могут быть первыми врачами, контактирующими с пациентами с COVID-19. При этом необходимо помнить, что вирус может содержаться в слезе и конъюнктивальном отделяемом, заставляя принимать меры предосторожности.Риск трансконъюнктивальной передачи SARS-CoV-2 увеличивается при длительном контакте с зараженными. В соответствии с рекомендациями американского общества офтальмологов, медицинским работникам в период эпидемии SARS-CoV-2 необходимо, кроме всего прочего, носить защитные очки. Офтальмологам рекомендуется применять защитные экраны для щелевой лампы.Здоровая глазная поверхность – защита от SARS-CoV-2, поэтому профилактические меры должны включать инстилляции слезозамещающих растворов и при необходимости проведение инъекционных курсов низкомолекулярного натрия гиалуроната.

The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic poses a global threat to public health. SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause life- threatening respiratory failure in infected individuals. There is evidence of the ability of coronaviruses to infect the organ of vision and enter the body through the conjunctiva. However, researchers have not yet agreed on whether SARS-CoV-2 uses this strategy.We conducted a systematic review of all available publications found by query (SARS-CoV-2 OR COVID19) AND Ophthalmology in the PubMed database. 42 publications were an alyzed, including clinical trials, clinical case descriptions, reviews, and articles describing the organization of ophthalmic care in an epidemic time.Published data suggest the possibility of conjunctivitis associated with SARS-CoV-2. Although this manifestation of COVID-19 is relatively rare, conjunctivitis itself is a common occurrence. Therefore, ophthalmologists may be the first physicians in contact with patients with COVID-19. It should be remembered that the virus can be contained in the tear and conjunctival discharge and take precautions.The risk of transconjunctival transmission of SARS-CoV-2 increases with prolonged exposure to virus. In accordance with the recommendations of the American Society of Ophthalmologists, medical personnel during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic need to, among other things, wear safety glasses. Ophthalmologists are advised to use protective screens for a slit lamp.
The Place of Callosotomy in Epilepsy Care in Pediatric Practice: Literature Review
Authors: Савченко М.А. , Куликова С.Л. , Лихачев С.А. , Науменко Д.В. , Талабаев М.В.
Published: March 2022

Каллозотомия – это паллиативная хирургическая операция, применяемая для лечения фармакорезистентной эпилепсии, в ходе которой пересекается мозолистое тело с целью ограничения распространения эпилептической активности между двумя полушариями головного мозга. В статье представлен обзор литературы о показаниях к каллозотомии в педиатрической неврологии; ее эффективности в отношении разных видов приступов и эпилептических синдромов; сравнении передней, задней и тотальной каллозотомии. Проанализированы публикации об эффективности данного метода в сравнении со стимуляцией блуждающего нерва. На основании выполненного обзора сделаны следующие выводы: 1. Несмотря на значительные успехи в радиологии, многие аспекты анатомии и функции мозолистого тела остаются неизученными и представляют научный интерес. 2. Каллозотомия является эффективным методом лечения фармакорезистентных генерализованных приступов всех видов, но особенно эффективна в отношении дроп-атак, эффективность в отношении фокальных приступов является сомнительной. 3. В педиатрической неврологии пациенты с синдромом Леннокса – Гасто и синдромом Веста являются основными кандидатами на каллозотомию. 4. Применение тактики оперативного лечения селективной задней каллозотомии представляет большой научный интерес, но требует более масштабных клинических исследований.

Corpus callosotomy is a palliative procedure performed to reduce the severity of drug-resistant epilepsy, during the operation the corpus callosum is intersected in order to limit the spread of epileptic activity between the two hemispheres of the brain. The article provides a literature review of indications for corpus callosotomy in pediatric neurology; its effectiveness for different types of seizures and epileptic syndromes; comparing anterior, posterior, and total callosotomy. The publications of the effectiveness of this method in comparison with vagus nerve stimulation are analyzed. The review revealed the following: 1. Despite significant progress in radiology, many aspects of the anatomy and function of the corpus callosum remain unexplored and are the area of scientific interest of neurologists and neurophysiologists. 2. Corpus callosotomy is an effective method for reducing all types of drug-resistant generalized seizures, but is especially effective forreducing drop attacks; effectiveness for focal seizures is doubtful. 3. In pediatric neurology, patients with Lennox – Gastaut syndrome and West syndrome are the main candidates for callosotomy. 4. The application of selective posterior callosotomy is an area of great scientific interest, but requires more extensive clinical studies.
Quantitative Estimation and Comparative Analysis of Mineral Content of Syzygium jambos Fruit and Its Seed
Authors: Dutta Suchandra , Khaled Kazi Layla
Published: March 2022

In recent times, medicinal plants are gaining popularity in human life as an alternative to drugs. The use of genus Syzygium, as a traditional medicine are practiced since ancient times. Syzygium jambos is one of them. It is generally found in South-East Asian countries. The fruit of this plant is commonly known as ‘Malabar plum’ / ‘Rose apple’ / ‘Plum rose’. In West Bengal (India) it is familiar as ‘Golapjam’. Purpose: The main objective of this study to the estimate mineral content like, Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Sodium, Potassium, Zinc, Selenium, Iodine, Copper, Manganese, Lead and Sulphur of Syzygium jambos fruit and its seed that has not been revealed yet. Method: Standard methods of AOAC have been used to quantify different mineral contents of samples. Result: The finding shows that Syzygium jambos fruit and its seed contain an adequate amount of essential macro and micro minerals. These are mostly abundant in Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium and Copper content. Conclusion: So, it may be concluded that Syzygium jambos fruit and seed could be one of the good sources to meet the daily dietary requirements for an adult as well as it could keep diseases away. Finally, a comparative study has been done among the mineral content of Syzygium jambos fruit, seed with Jackfruit, Black plum, Watermelon and their respective edible seeds. © 2020 iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation. All rights reserved.
Expandindo as paredes da sala de aula
Authors: Melo-Minardi Raquel Cardoso de , Bastos Luana Luiza
Published: March 2022

Neste artigo, apresentamos um estudo analítico-descritivo sobre o projeto, implementação e avaliação de um curso de extensão universitária na modalidade a distância no âmbito da UFMG. Trata-se de um curso de programação de computadores voltado para estudantes e formados nas ciências da vida e que desejam aprender Bioinformática. Apresentamos e discutimos algumas das especificidades do ensino a distância (EAD), os conhecimentos requeridos na concepção e implementação e desafios enfrentados. Avaliamos a percepção dos alunos formados no curso e discutimos os pontos a serem melhorados e perspectivas que tais avaliações originaram. Discutimos também algumas das contribuições que essa experiência prévia com a EAD nos trouxe no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE). Por fim, fazemos algumas considerações sobre o amplo alcance que esta modalidade de curso pode atingir em benefício de estudantes que não poderiam ter acesso a esse conteúdo de outras maneiras.
Postmigracyjność a status symboliczny społeczności lokalnej. Mieszkańcy wobec przerwania ciągłości historyczno-kulturowej miejsca — przypadek gminy Główczyce
Authors: Ciechorska-Kulesza Karolina
Published: March 2022

Contemporary approaches to Poland’s Western and Northern Territories revolve around the concept of “postmigration communities”, or more broadly — “postmigration”, understood as a significant feature (or set of features) of community and social phenomena. These terms are present not only in academic discourse, but also in discussions on local identity. They are also an essential element of their symbolic status. Based on field research in the Głowczyce commune in Pomerania, the author tackles the issue of inhabitants’ attitudes towards breaking the historical and cultural continuity and the formation of the community from scratch, as well as the role of postmigration in shaping the symbolic status of the place. The article shows the capacity of the term “postmigration”. In residents’ statements, postmigration appears unnamed, as a problem, a challenge, and an asset. Attitudes towards postmigration reveal diverse attempts to cope with the break in historical and cultural continuity, which turns out to still be a significant element of identity processes taking place in the community in question.
Religia rzymskokatolicka w życiu społeczności lokalnej w okresie międzywojennym
Authors: Renz Regina
Published: March 2022

Centrum życia religijnego w okresie międzywojennym była parafia. Parafia wiejska i małomiasteczkowa stanowiła typ parafii – wspólnoty lokalnej. Tradycyjna w tych środowiskach religijność ludowa charakteryzowała się przede wszystkim głębokim przywiązaniem do wiary ojców, jednakże bez dostatecznej znajomości jej podstawowych prawd i realizacji ich w życiu codziennym. Istotną cechą tej religijności było przestrzeganie praktyk religijnych jako najważniejszego przejawu życia religijnego. Zwłaszcza te o charakterze jednorazowym (chrzest, komunia św., bierzmowanie, ślub kościelny, namaszczenie) odgrywały ważną rolę w życiu indywidualnym, rodzinnym i parafialnym. Jeśli chodzi o spełnianie praktyk religijnych, to najmniej problemów przysparzało duchowieństwu drobnomieszczaństwo i chłopstwo. Najwięcej osób zaniedbujących praktyki religijne było wśród inteligencji. Powszechnie uznanym przejawem religijności było uczestniczenie w różnego rodzaju odpustach i pielgrzymkach. Były one ważnym wydarzeniem nie tylko religijnym, ale także turystyczno-towarzyskim. Na niektóre odpusty do kościołów lub klasztorów posiadających cudowne obrazy przybywali tłumnie wierni z odległych nawet miejscowości. Pielgrzymki najczęściej organizowane były do Częstochowy, Poznania, Gniezna i Kalwarii Zebrzydowskiej. Osoby, które odbywały kilka dalszych pielgrzymek, zyskiwały odpowiedni szacunek. Doniosłą rolę w pogłębianiu świadomości społeczno-religijnej odgrywały stowarzyszenia parafialne i bractwa religijne (Stowarzyszenie Młodzieży Polskiej, stowarzyszenia tercjarskie, koła Żywego Różańca, Bractwa Różańcowe, Sodalicja Mariańska). Pogłębieniu życia religijnego służyła też prasa katolicka („Rycerz Niepokalanej”, „Mały Dziennik”, „Gość Różańcowy”, „Niedziela”, „Niewiasta Katolicka”). Religia odgrywała istotną rolę w życiu społeczności lokalnej, zaspokajała indywidualne potrzeby człowieka. Kościół uczestniczył w najważniejszych wydarzeniach życiowych, jak narodziny, ślub, pogrzeb, organizował czas wolny ludzi, zaszczepiał wśród wiernych zasady moralne.