bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cartografia na Educação Básica: Reflexões sobre a Prática do Professor de Geografia
Authors: Sampaio Adriany de Avila Melo , Sampaio Antônio Carlos Freire
Published: November 2020

A Cartografia é um dos conhecimentos a serem ensinados e aprendidos na disciplina de Geografia, em todos os anos da Educação Básica, sendo fundamental para a representação dos fenômenos geográficos e, por conseguinte, para a formação do cidadão. Quanto mais ampla for a formação em Geografia, mais amplas serão as suas leituras do mundo. No Currículo Escolar, a Cartografia está inserida na Geografia como um conteúdo e como uma linguagem. Neste artigo, será apresentada uma pesquisa que tem como objetivo diagnosticar a realidade dos professores que lecionavam Geografia na Educação Básica das Escolas Públicas dos Municípios de Araguari, Campo Florido, Prata, Uberaba e Uberlândia, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. O enfoque do texto são os dados relacionados à prática do professor de Geografia em relação à Cartografia ensinada e aprendida na escola.
Investigasi Arus Sejajar Pantai (Longshore Current) di Daerah Abrasi Bengkulu Utara
Authors: Lubis Ashar Muda , Veronica Nia , Saputra Rio , Sinaga Juhendi , Hasanudin M. , Kusmanto Edi
Published: November 2020

The coastal area of Serangai Village is directly facing the open sea; as a result it is vulnerable to coastal abrasion. Longshore currents can accelerate the process of coastal abrasion. The study was aimed to determine the speed and direction of current as well as the existence of the longshore current at the Serangai. Field observation was conducted on 5-7 November 2018. The results showed that the frequency distribution of current at speed of 0-10 cm/s reached 69%, and at speed of 10-20 cm/s reached 25%. The highest speed of 20-30 cm/s has a frequency of 6 %. Moreover, the direction of the majority of ocean currents is to the southeast (120o-150o), showing that the current is more likely to be parallel to the shoreline called longshore current that can accelerate shoreline Serangai Village, Bengkulu. However, further research is needed to see variability of current associated with the season (monsoon). Wilayah pesisir Desa Serangai berhadapan langsung dengan laut lepas; sehingga rentan terhadap abrasi pantai. Arus sejajar pantai dapat mempercepat proses abrasi pantai. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan dan arah arus serta keberadaan arus sejajar pantai di Serangai. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan pada tanggal 5-7 November 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi frekuensi arus pada kecepatan 0-10 cm/s mencapai 69%, dan pada kecepatan 10-20 cm/s mencapai 25%. Kecepatan tertinggi 20-30 cm/s memiliki frekuensi 6%. Selain itu, arah arus laut mayoritas ke arah tenggara (120o-150o), menunjukkan bahwa arus lebih cenderung sejajar dengan garis pantai yang disebut arus sejajar pantai yang dapat mempercepat garis pantai Desa Serangai, Bengkulu. Namun, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk melihat variabilitas arus yang terkait dengan musim (monsun).
Analisis Stok dan Tingkat Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Ikan Lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus) Berdasarkan Data di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Cilacap
Authors: Susila Cita , Ghofar Abdul , Saputra Suradi Wijaya
Published: November 2020

Dolphinfish fish is one of the commodities of Indonesian waters, which is a bycatch of tuna fisheries. Lemadang fish are under considerable catching pressure and tend to increase, thus endangering their sustainability. The purpose of the study was to find out the length of first caught (Lc50%), growth parameters, mortality rate, MSY value, optimum trip (f) and lemadang fish exploitation rate. The data collected are fish length (cmFL), fish weight (kg), fish production, and fishing efforts. The data were collected once every 2 weeks during November 2019 until January 2020. The results of the study is the size of fish ranged from 41 – 125 cmFL and  length at first capture (Lc50%) 75 cmFL. The long-weight relationship analysis obtained equation W=0,0000378*L2,363 with negative allometric growth pattern. The growth equation von Bertalanffy obtained Lt = L∞(1-e-1.8(t+0,343)). The total mortality 8,54 year-1 the rate of exploitation amounted to 0,8 with the peak of recruitment in August. The estimated value of MSY of Dolphinfish was 121.570 kg/year with optimum effort of 571 trip/year. The estimated value of Dolphinfish sustainable potential is 121,570 kg/year, with optimum efforts of 571 trips/year. Dolphinfish production since 2011 has exceeded its maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Utilization of Dolphinfish fish resources has been overfishing, both based on analysis of analytical models and production surplus models. Ikan Lemadang merupakan salah satu komoditi dari perairan Indonesia, yang merupakan bycatch dari perikanan tuna. Ikan Lemadang mengalami tekanan penangkapan yang cukup tinggi dan cenderung meningkat, sehingga dapat membahayakan kelestariannya. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui ukuran pertama kali tertangkap, parameter pertumbuhan, laju mortalitas, nilai MSY, trip (f) optimum, dan tingkat eksploitasi ikan Lemadang. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah panjang cagak ikan (cmFL) dan bobot ikan (kg), volume tangkapan dan upaya penangkapan (trip), produksi ikan dan trip penangkapan. Pengambilan data dilakukan 2(dua) minggu sekali selama bulan November 2019 hingga Januari 2020. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ukuran panjang ikan berkisar 41 – 125 cmFL, dan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc50%) 75 cmFL. Persamaan hubungan panjang-bobot didapatkan W=0,0000378*L2,363,dan sifat pertumbuhan alometrik negatif. Persamaan pertumbuhan von Bertalanffy ikan Lemadang didapatkan Lt = L¥ (1-e-1,8(t+0,343)). Puncak rekrutmen terjadi pada bulan Agustus. Laju mortalitas total (Z) adalah 8,54 per tahun, mortalitas penangkapan (F) = 6,81/tahun, dan tingkat eksploitasi (E=F/M) sebesar 0,8. Nilai dugaan potensi lestari ikan Lemadang sebesar 121.570 kg/tahun, dengan upaya optimum sebesar 571 trip/tahun. Produksi ikan Lemadang sejak tahun 2011 sudah melebihi tingkat produksi maksimum lestari (MSY)-nya. Pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan Lemadang sudah overfishing. baik berdasarkan analisis model analitik maupun model surplus produksi.
Improving The Antioxidant Activity of Sodium Alginate from Sargassum sp. by Thermal Heating and Chemical Methods
Authors: Rizfa Mila Safitri , Yudiati Ervia , Wijayanti Diah Permata
Published: November 2020

The relationship between molecular structure and bioactivity was evaluated for sodium alginates obtained under different degradation treatment (raw alginates, heat-treated, and chemical-treated) from Sargassum sp. This study was conducted to identify the antioxidant activities of the degraded sodium alginate from Sargassum sp. compared to raw extract. Raw alginate as the control treatment was dried overnight at 60 °C, while heat-treated was heated raw alginate at 140oC in a laboratory oven (4.5 hours). Two chemical-treated were applied. Raw alginate added hydrogen peroxide and raw alginat with hydrogen peroxide plus ascorbic acid. This treatments were replicated three times. All the parameters were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The spectroscopy results from the degradation methods showed a new absorbance spectra pattern. The FT-IR spectrum revealed that treatment affects the structure of the alginates. Heat treated and chemical treated sodium alginates showed non significantly different on DPPH radical scavenging activity. Meanwhile, the combination of alginate and hydrogen peroxide treatment was at the lowest scavenging ability. Therefore, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) produced by heating or adding chemical reagents could be considered as a stronger antioxidant than raw alginate, which may be applied in the industry and biomedical
Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang dan Tutupan Karang pada Terumbu Buatan Artificial Patch Reef (APR)
Authors: Munasik Munasik , Nugroho Aldion Adin , Hartati Retno , Sabdono Agus , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sugianto Denny Nugroho
Published: November 2020

Artificial Patch Reef (APR) have been applied as a new method for Biodiversity Conservation Program at Panjang Island, Jepara since 2015. Previous study suggested that design and location of artificial reefs installation affected to abundance of reef fishes, associated with the artificial reef.  This study aims to investigated community structure of reef fishes associated to artificial patch reef comparing to reef fishes in nearby natural reefs. Assessment of coral reef condition on two habitats were conducted on July 2019, after 4 years deployment.  The results show that artificial patch reefs with a percentage of live coral cover are less than half of natural coral reefs, and have succeeded in increasing the abundance of reef fish with nearly the same density and community structure resembling reef fish in natural coral reefs. The similarity in community structure of the two habitats is probably due to the similarity in habitat type and morphology of the hard corals. The results indicate that Artificial Patch Reef (APR) reefs have increased the coral cover of Acropora branching and resulted in increased reef fish abundance which is compatible with reef fish communities associated with natural coral reefs around it. Aplikasi metode baru terumbu buatan Artificial patch Reef (APR) pada Program Konservasi Bioiversitas Pulau Panjang, Jepara telah dilakukan sejak 2015. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan desain dan lokasi pemasangan terumbu buatan yang tepat akan meningkatkan kelimpahan ikan karang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberhasilan penerapan terumbu buatan APR melalui kelimpahan ikan karang yang berasosiasi pada terumbu buatan dan terumbu karang alami di sekitarnya. Penilaian kondisi terumbu karang tersebut telah dilakukan pada Juli 2019 setelah 4 (empat) tahun pemasangan terumbu buatan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terumbu buatan dengan persentase tutupan karang hidup lebih kecil, separuhnya dari tutupan pada terumbu karang alami telah berhasil meningkatkan kelimpahan ikan karang dengan densitas hampir sama dan struktur komunitasnya menyerupai ikan karang yang berasosiasi dengan terumbu karang alami. Kesamaan struktur komunitas kedua habitat kemungkinan akibat kesamaan tipe habitat dan morfologi karang keras penyusunya. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa terumbu buatan Artificial patch Reef (APR) telah meningkatkan tutupan karang bercabang Acropora dan berakibat terhadap meningkatnya kelimpahan ikan karang yang sesuai dengan komunitas ikan karang yang berasosiasi dengan terumbu karang alami di sekitarnya.
Three Projects in the New Law and Finance
Authors: Awrey Dan
Published: November 2020

This article is a review of Katharina Pistor’s book The Code of Capital: How the Law Creates Wealth and Inequality. Using modern derivatives markets as a case study, it explores the important contributions – and limits – of Professor Pistor’s story about the role of the law and lawyers as the master coders of capitalism. This exploration reveals three distinct projects: a historical coding project, an intellectual decoding project, and a policy-driven recoding project. The fact that these projects are so intricately intertwined posed unique challenges for scholars, but also holds out a potential blueprint for a new law and finance.
How Man Became the Measure: An Anthropological Defense of the Measure Doctrine in theProtagoras
Authors: Maksymchuk Oksana
Published: November 2020

In theTheaetetusSocrates provides an elaboration and discussion of Protagoras’ measure doctrine, grounding it in a “secret doctrine” of flux. This paper argues that the anthropology of the myth in theProtagorasprovides an earlier, very different way to explain the measure doctrine, focusing on its application to civic values, such as “just,” “fine,” and “pious.” The paper shows that Protagoras’ explanation of the dual etiology of virtue – that it is acquired both by nature and by nurture – tracks the two meanings of “anthropos” in his formulation of the measure doctrine, as “humankind” and “individual human.” On Protagoras’ account, humankind’s survival can be explained by the fact that humans share shame and justice, which enables them to live together in cities.
False hyperthyroidism caused by interference in immunoassays
Authors: Jiménez García Clara , Ortega Fernández Piedad , Torregrosa Quesada María Eugenia , González Bueno Victoria , Botella Belda María Teresa , Guerra Rocío Alfayate
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Immunoassays used to assess thyroid function are vulnerable to different types of interference that may affect clinical decision-making.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 37-year-old woman who developed iatrogenic hypothyroidism after having received radioiode therapy who visited our hospital for her annual checkup. The patient was asymptomatic, without signs suggestive of thyroid disease. However, laboratory analysis proved otherwise: thyrotropin (TSH) 7.75 mU/L, thyroxine (FT4) >7.7 ng/dL.

Conclusions

The inconsistency between her clinical symptoms and the biochemistry data raised the possibility of a methodological interference. A thorough evaluation of the main causes of interference was conducted in the laboratory to exclude the presence of interference in TSH and FT4. Finally, different interfering agents were identified, which affected free thyroid hormone and TSH determination.
Lactose tolerance test as an alternative to hydrogen breath test in the study of lactose malabsorption
Authors: Sendino Teresa , Sandúa Amaia , Calleja Sofía , González Álvaro , Alegre Estibaliz
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Lactose malabsorption is generally assessed by hydrogen breath testing (HBT). However, this test is not recommended in patients with high baseline hydrogen concentrations (H2B). In addition, breath testing is not recommended in the current situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the potential infectiveness of the samples. The objective is to assess concordance between HBT and lactose tolerance test (LTT) depending on H2B concentrations.

Methods

A total of 430 patients (40 years, Q1–Q3 = 28–54 years; 66.7% women) suspected of lactose malabsorption were included in the study. Breath and heparinized blood samples were collected at baseline and sequentially after the intake of 50 g of lactose, to measure hydrogen in breath and glycemia in blood, respectively.

Results

H2B was <10 ppm in 69.5% of subjects; 10–20 ppm in 14.7%; and >20 ppm in 15.8% of subjects. In patients with H2B <20 ppm, concordance between HBT and LTT was moderate and consistently improved when the cut-off in LTT was set at 15 mg/dL. The increase in hydrogen and glucose correlated negatively (r=−0.389; p<0.05). The increase in glycemia during LTT was not influenced by H2B levels obtained in HBT.

Conclusions

LTT emerges as an alternative to HBT to assess lactose malabsorption in the presence of high H2B levels or when breath testing is not recommended by the circumstances. The best concordance was obtained when the cut-off for LTT was set at 15 mg/dL.
On the Fractional NLS Equation and the Effects of the Potential Well’s Topology
Authors: Cingolani Silvia , Gallo Marco
Published: November 2020

In this paper we consider the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation

ε

2
⁢
s

⁢

(

-
Δ

)

s

⁢
v

+

V
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
v

=

f
⁢

(
v
)

,

x
∈

ℝ
N

,

\varepsilon^{2s}(-\Delta)^{s}v+V(x)v=f(v),\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^{N},

where

s
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{s\in(0,1)}

,

N
≥
2

{N\geq 2}

, f is a nonlinearity satisfying Berestycki–Lions type conditions and

V
∈

C
⁢

(

ℝ
N

,
ℝ
)

{V\in C(\mathbb{R}^{N},\mathbb{R})}

is a positive potential. For

ε
>
0

{\varepsilon>0}

small, we prove the existence of at least

cupl
⁢

(
K
)

+
1

{{\rm cupl}(K)+1}

positive solutions, where K is a set of local minima in a bounded potential well and

cupl
⁢

(
K
)

{{\rm cupl}(K)}

denotes the cup-length of K. By means of a variational approach, we analyze the topological difference between two levels of an indefinite functional in a neighborhood of expected solutions. Since the nonlocality comes in the decomposition of the space directly, we introduce a new fractional center of mass, via a suitable seminorm. Some other delicate aspects arise strictly related to the presence of the nonlocal operator. By using regularity results based on fractional De Giorgi classes, we show that the found solutions decay polynomially and concentrate around some point of K for ε small.
Study abroad, language usage, and the development of multilingual identities: The case of 1.5 generation Korean–American students
Authors: Lee Hakyoon , Kim YouJin , Choi Bumyong
Published: November 2020

This one-year longitudinal case study investigates two 1.5 generation Korean–American students’ Korean language learning and usage before, during, and after their study abroad (SA) trip to Korea. Each came to the U.S. at eight years old for primary education and currently attends a university in the U.S. Their linguistic and cultural backgrounds brought intragroup diversities into their educational communities, including the study abroad program. With detailed documentation of interview data and ethnographic field notes, this study examines how learning Korean influences the construction of the learner’s self. This study also seeks to identify the ways that concepts of language learning, multilingual identities, and cultural belonging can be elucidated using narrative analysis. The participants’ post-sojourn experiences reveal SA creates an opportunity to develop cultural membership and to build multilingual identities with increased accessibility to the Korean communities. This study offers a nuanced understanding of the diversifying study abroad students in higher education in the U.S., and the mobilization of linguistic resources and the construction of identities in the context of study abroad.
Classroom Composition and Student Academic Achievement: The Impact of Peers’ Parental Education
Authors: Wang Tianheng
Published: November 2020

Using data from a nationally representative survey of middle school students in China and exploiting the random assignment of students to classrooms within schools, the study investigates the causal effect of peers’ parental education on students’ scholastic performance. The results show that the education level of peers’ parents improves students’ academic achievement. Students with high-educated parents benefit more from classmates with higher parental education compared to students with low-educated parents. The investigation of mechanisms reveals that the peer effects could be in part explained by peers’ academic quality, classroom atmosphere, and behaviors of students’ friends. However, peers’ parental education has no impact on teachers’ pedagogical methods and teaching efforts. The paper also shows that failing to account for the nonrandom assignment of students within schools causes an upward bias in the estimated peer effects of parental education.
Iodine and fluorine concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes
Authors: Al-Adilah Hanan , Peters Akira F. , Al-Bader Dhia , Raab Andrea , Akhdhar Abdullah , Feldmann Joerg , Küpper Frithjof C.
Published: November 2020

Even though seaweeds have been recognized as key players in the ocean-to-atmosphere transfer of iodine in other parts of the world, there is a complete lack of knowledge about iodine accumulation in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf. Similarly, very little is known about fluorine in seaweeds, anywhere in the world. Given that the Arabian Gulf is of particular interest due to being an extreme environment, featuring some of the highest temperatures and salinities observed in any marine water body worldwide, this study endeavoured to conduct a preliminary survey of iodine and fluorine levels in 11 of the most common seaweed species in the region, supported by morphological and molecular (DNA barcode)-based identification. Iodine was determined by inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, while ion chromatography was employed for analysis of fluoride. Species surveyed included Iyengaria stellata, Padina boergesenii, Chondria sp.
Dictyota dichotoma, Colpomenia sinuosa, Feldmannia indica,
Codium papillatum, Sargassum ilicifolium, S. ilicifolium var. acaraeocarpum, Sargassum asperifolium and Sargassum aquifolium. The findings of S. ilicifolium and S. ilicifolium var. acaraeocarpum reported here are new records both for Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf. P. boergesenii and D. dichotoma are new records for Kuwait.
Secure Incident & Evidence Management Framework (SIEMF) for Internet of Vehicles using Deep Learning and Blockchain
Authors: Philip A. Oommen , Saravanaguru RA K
Published: November 2020

Even though there is continuous improvement in road and vehicle safety, road traffic incidents have been increasing over last few decades. There is a need to reduce traffic incidents like accidents through predictive analysis and timely warnings while at the same time data related to accidents and traffic violations need to be maintained in a tamper proof storage system that can be retrieved for forensic analysis and law enforcement at a later stage. The Secure Incident and Evidence Management Framework (SIEMF) proposed in this work address these two challenges of predictive modeling for timely warning and secure evidence management for forensics analysis in case of accidents and traffic violations. The system proposes a deep learning based predictive incident modeling with blockchain and CP-ABE based access control for the incident data stored in blockchain.
The Paradigm Revolution in the Distribution Grid: The Cutting-Edge and Enabling Technologies
Authors: Thasnimol C M , Rajathy R.
Published: November 2020

Bi-directional information and energy flow, renewable energy sources, battery energy storage, electric vehicle, self-healing capability, and demand response programs, etc., revolutionized the traditional distribution network into the smart distribution network. Adoption of modern technologies like intelligent meters such as advanced metering infrastructure & Micro-phasor measurement units, data storage, and analysis techniques and incentive-based electricity trading mechanisms can bring this paradigm shift. This study presents an overview of popular technologies that facilitate this transformation, giving focus on some prime technologies such as real-time monitoring based on Micro-phasor measurement units, data storage and analytics, blockchain technology, multi-agent systems, and incentive-based energy trading mechanisms
Sensitivity analysis and optimization of the utility consumption of natural gas liquids (NGLs) process in the Siri Island Gas
Authors: Kharaghani Nilufar , Lotfi Marzyeh , Safamirzaei Mani , Fatourehchi Niloufar
Published: November 2020

In this study, the simulation of the natural gas liquids (NGLs) of Siri Island unit was carried out using Aspen Hysys software. Energy and economic evaluation of these towers were evaluated with Aspen Energy Analyses and Aspen Economic Evaluation, respectively. The effect of various parameters such as the use of heat exchanger instead of a cooler, feed tray changes and the mixing of two feed streams together were investigated to increase the efficiency of hydrocarbons - (Ethane, Propane, Butane, and Pentane) separation, utility consumption and costs. The simulation results showed that the input feed stream from the 10-tray using - mixing of two input 207 and 208 streams, which improves the efficiency of hydrocarbons gas separation and utility consumption compared to other parameters.
Lagrangian cobordism and tropical curves
Authors: Sheridan Nick , Smith Ivan
Published: November 2020

We study a cylindrical Lagrangian cobordism group for Lagrangian torus fibres in symplectic manifolds which are the total spaces of smooth Lagrangian torus fibrations. We use ideas from family Floer theory and tropical geometry to obtain both obstructions to and constructions of cobordisms; in particular, we give examples of symplectic tori in which the cobordism group has no non-trivial cobordism relations between pairwise distinct fibres, and ones in which the degree zero fibre cobordism group is a divisible group. The results are independent of but motivated by mirror symmetry, and a relation to rational equivalence of 0-cycles on the mirror rigid analytic space.
Identifying trigger concepts to screen emergency department visits for diagnostic errors
Authors: Mahajan Prashant , Pai Chih-Wen , Cosby Karen S. , Mollen Cynthia J. , Shaw Kathy N. , Chamberlain James M. , El-Kareh Robert , Ruddy Richard M. , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Epstein Helene M. , Giardina Traber D. , Graber Mark L. , Medford-Davis Laura N. , Medlin Richard P. , Upadhyay Divvy K. , Parker Sarah J. , Singh Hardeep
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The diagnostic process is a vital component of safe and effective emergency department (ED) care. There are no standardized methods for identifying or reliably monitoring diagnostic errors in the ED, impeding efforts to enhance diagnostic safety. We sought to identify trigger concepts to screen ED records for diagnostic errors and describe how they can be used as a measurement strategy to identify and reduce preventable diagnostic harm.

Methods

We conducted a literature review and surveyed ED directors to compile a list of potential electronic health record (EHR) trigger (e-triggers) and non-EHR based concepts. We convened a multidisciplinary expert panel to build consensus on trigger concepts to identify and reduce preventable diagnostic harm in the ED.

Results

Six e-trigger and five non-EHR based concepts were selected by the expert panel. E-trigger concepts included: unscheduled ED return to ED resulting in hospital admission, death following ED visit, care escalation, high-risk conditions based on symptom-disease dyads, return visits with new diagnostic/therapeutic interventions, and change of treating service after admission. Non-EHR based signals included: cases from mortality/morbidity conferences, risk management/safety office referrals, ED medical director case referrals, patient complaints, and radiology/laboratory misreads and callbacks. The panel suggested further refinements to aid future research in defining diagnostic error epidemiology in ED settings.

Conclusions

We identified a set of e-trigger concepts and non-EHR based signals that could be developed further to screen ED visits for diagnostic safety events. With additional evaluation, trigger-based methods can be used as tools to monitor and improve ED diagnostic performance.
From subcategories to the entire module categories
Authors: Hafezi Rasool
Published: November 2020

In this paper we show that how the representation theory of subcategories (of the category of modules over an Artin algebra) can be connected to the representation theory of all modules over some algebra. The subcategories dealing with are some certain subcategories of the morphism categories (including submodule categories studied recently by Ringel and Schmidmeier) and of the Gorenstein projective modules over (relative) stable Auslander algebras. These two kinds of subcategories, as will be seen, are closely related to each other. To make such a connection, we will define a functor from each type of the subcategories to the category of modules over some Artin algebra. It is shown that to compute the almost split sequences in the subcategories it is enough to do the computation with help of the corresponding functors in the category of modules over some Artin algebra which is known and easier to work. Then as an application the most part of Auslander–Reiten quiver of the subcategories is obtained only by the Auslander–Reiten quiver of an appropriate algebra and next adding the remaining vertices and arrows in an obvious way. As a special case, when Λ is a Gorenstein Artin algebra of finite representation type, then the subcategories of Gorenstein projective modules over the

2
×
2

{2\times 2}

lower triangular matrix algebra over Λ and the stable Auslander algebra of Λ can be estimated by the category of modules over the stable Cohen–Macaulay Auslander algebra of Λ.
Representations induced from the Zelevinsky segment and discrete series in the half-integral case
Authors: Matić Ivan
Published: November 2020

Let

G
n

{G_{n}}

denote either the group

SO
⁢

(

2
⁢
n

+
1

,
F
)

{\mathrm{SO}(2n+1,F)}

or

Sp
⁢

(

2
⁢
n

,
F
)

{\mathrm{Sp}(2n,F)}

over a non-archimedean local field of characteristic different than two. We study parabolically induced representations of the form

〈
Δ
〉

⋊
σ

{\langle\Delta\rangle\rtimes\sigma}

, where

〈
Δ
〉

{\langle\Delta\rangle}

denotes the Zelevinsky segment representation of the general linear group attached to the segment Δ, and σ denotes a discrete series representation of

G
n

{G_{n}}

. We determine the composition series of

〈
Δ
〉

⋊
σ

{\langle\Delta\rangle\rtimes\sigma}

in the case when

Δ
=

[

ν
a

⁢
ρ

,

ν
b

⁢
ρ

]

{\Delta=[\nu^{a}\rho,\nu^{b}\rho]}

where a is half-integral.
Who is Going to Pay for Causing Pandemics?
Authors: Regaldo Federico
Published: November 2020

In the modern, globalized, world, millions of laws and statutes are applicable to humankind, in order to curb and regulate the activity of every individual. Within the last decades, sanctions multiplied and aggravated, but who is going to pay for having caused a catastrophic pandemic? Actually, it seems that the answer is: “nobody”. However, the article gives some suggestion, by applying new “eco-tort” and civil liability principles to this new and unprecedented crisis. Furthermore, it gives some urgent public policy guidelines to minimize the risk of new pandemics. It also advocates a new world order, based on the promotion of anti-speciesism, non-violence, environmental protection and fair sharing of natural resources, while rejecting the free market theories: it seems the best way for finally overcoming the crisis and preventing new ones.
Localized boundary-domain singular integral equations of the Robin type problem for self-adjoint second-order strongly elliptic PDE systems
Authors: Chkadua Otar , Mikhailov Sergey , Natroshvili David
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the three-dimensional Robin type boundary-value problem (BVP) for a
second-order strongly elliptic system of partial differential
equations in the divergence form with variable coefficients. The problem is studied by the localized parametrix based potential method.
By using Green’s representation formula and properties of the localized layer and volume
potentials, the BVP under consideration is reduced
to the a system of localized boundary-domain singular integral equations (LBDSIE).
The equivalence between the original boundary value problem and the corresponding LBDSIE system is established.
The matrix operator generated by the LBDSIE system belongs to the Boutet de Monvel algebra.
With the help of the Vishik–Eskin theory based on the Wiener–Hopf factorization method, the Fredholm properties of the corresponding localized boundary-domain singular integral operator are investigated
and its invertibility in appropriate function spaces is proved.
Wood identification of two anatomically similar Cupressaceae species based on two-dimensional microfibril angle mapping
Authors: Kita Yusuke , Sugiyama Junji
Published: November 2020

Identifying two anatomically similar species of Cupressaceae, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Thujopsis spp., is important to better understand the culture of wood use in Japan. However, the conventional method, which involves observing their cross-field pitting, cannot identify them in many cases. This study solves the above problem by introducing an anatomical criterion based on the micro fibril angle (MFA). MFA values were obtained through two-dimensional MFA images using the uniaxial optical anisotropy of cellulose microfibrils. A combination of the preprocessed MFA images and a convolutional neural network (CNN) yielded an accuracy nearly of 90% in classifying these species in cases of present and old wood specimens. Our feature extraction and classification techniques provide a new way for describing the anatomical features of wood and identifying featureless softwoods. Using the model interpretation-related methodologies of the CNN, distinct features of the two wood species were partly explained by MFA anisotropy in the S2 wall induced by the existence of pits.
Effect of cerium on the initiation of pitting corrosion of 444-type heat-resistant ferritic stainless steel
Authors: Ma Mingyu , Liu Houlong , Chen Liqing
Published: November 2020

The 444-type heat-resistant ferritic stainless steel is widely utilized in automotive exhaust pipes and solid oxide fuel cells, due to its excellent properties at elevated temperature. To meet the demands of significantly harsh service environments, rare earths were added in 444-type ferritic stainless steel. For the purpose of evaluating the effect of rare earths on pitting corrosion initiation, the metastable pitting corrosion behavior in 444-type ferritic stainless steel was studied through potentiodynamic polarization and potentiostatic polarization tests. The results demonstrated that pitting corrosion was initiated at the inclusion/alloy interface. The cerium alloying in 444-type ferritic stainless steel decreased the amount of preferential dissolution sites. The beneficial effect of Ce on pitting corrosion resulted from the formation of stable cerium oxides, as well as from the reduction in the amount and size of inclusions in 444-type ferritic stainless steel. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test results revealed that cerium alloying enhanced the polarization resistance of passive films through insignificant thickness alteration.
Dephosphorization of hot metal using rare earth oxide-containing slags
Authors: Ye Maolin , Xi Xiaojun , Yang Shufeng , Li Jingshe , Wang Feng
Published: November 2020

An innovative rare earth oxide-containing slag for hot metal dephosphorization was proposed, and the factors influencing the efficiency during the dephosphorization of hot metal using rare earth oxide-containing slags were also studied. An increase in the temperature up to 1,550°C is beneficial to the dephosphorization process, and the maximum degree of dephosphorization for slags containing 6 wt% rare earth oxides is 44.49%; further temperature increases would deteriorate the efficiency, and the degree of dephosphorization decreases to 37.38% at 1,600°C. An increase in the basicity of slags up to 3.0, and the rare earth oxide content up to 6 wt%, improves the dephosphorization efficiency; further increase in the basicity and rare earth oxide content, the efficiency has almost no change. It was also found that an increase in the quantity of slags is beneficial to the dephosphorization reaction.
The last verse of the Middle Phrygian epigram from Dokimeion
Authors: Obrador-Cursach Bartomeu
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses on the last verse of the Phrygian epigram dated to the Early Hellenistic Period and found in Dokimeion (W-11). After some remarks on the segmentation, the verb πεννιτι is identified as the Phrygian outcome of PIE verbal root *pent- and ομνισιτου, along with its related Phrygian forms, as going back to PIE *h₃emh₃‑. It also argues in favour of Lubotsky’s identification of Phrygian κορο- as a cognate of Greek κόρος ‘boy’ and κόρη ‘girl’ with some remarks on its inflection.
Mihi est from Brythonic to Breton I
Authors: Rezac Milan
Published: November 2020

Middle Breton (MB) presents a singular anomaly of pronominal argument coding. Objects are accusative proclitics save in two constructions, where coding is split by person: 3rd unique enclitics ~ 1st/2nd accusative proclitics. The constructions are HAVE, from Insular Celtic mihi est, where the new coding replaces inflectional nominatives (cf. Latin mihi est ~ sunt); and imperatives, where it replaces accusative enclitics in V1 (cf. French aide-moi ~ ne m’aide pas). The evolution is traced in light of a crosslinguistic construction type that suggests its nature, noncanonical subject + 3rd nominative ~ 1st/2nd accusative object. Part I: (1) Decomposition of HAVE as dative clitic + BE from Brythonic throughout “conservative” varieties of Breton. (2) Breton-Cornish innovation of nonclitic datives for mihi est and their subjecthood. Part II: (3) Brythonic unavailibility of mesoclisis in V1 and Breton-Cornish nonagreement with nominative objects, resulting in independent > enclitic pronouns for accusative objects of imperatives and nominative objects of mihi est. (4) MB alignment of imperatives with mihi est in 3rd person, restriction on nominative enclitics, and recruitment of 1st/2nd person accusative proclitics upon loss of mesoclisis. (5) Transition to accusative objects in “innovative” varieties and subject-object case interactions.
The process of capacity-building for pediatric subspecialty providers to address the needs of adolescents and young adults with chronic illness
Authors: Quimby Dakari , Conn Bridgid M. , Ellis Tierra T. , Iverson Ellen
Published: November 2020

Approximately 12% of adolescents in the USA live with a chronic health condition. Although youth with chronic illness visit healthcare providers more than healthy peers, pediatric subspecialty providers are less likely to address developmentally relevant concerns (e.g., reproductive health) with adolescents and young adults (AYA), particularly youth of color and/or youth in low-income communities. Despite the documented need for increased training, there remains a general lack of knowledge about pediatric subspecialty providers’ training needs related to building their capacity to provide developmentally appropriate care to their adolescent and young adult patients. The present study describes an overall process for capacity-building to address the needs of diverse AYA patients with chronic medical conditions, built upon data representing key stakeholders and staff from 14 specialty care departments collected via quantitative surveys and focus groups. We describe the development of trainings for pediatric subspecialty providers from a large, urban, pediatric tertiary care center to address the health and psychosocial-related concerns of AYA living with chronic illness. We highlight valuable lessons from the capacity-building process in terms of increasing the ability of providers in a major pediatric healthcare center to provide developmentally appropriate care for AYA living with chronic illness. Finally, based on the results of our study, we provide recommendations on how to employ such a process in similar pediatric hospital settings.
Batch and packed bed techniques for adsorptive aqueous phase removal of selected phenoxyacetic acid herbicide using sugar industry waste ash
Authors: Deokar Sunil K. , Theng Pooja G. , Mandavgane Sachin A.
Published: November 2020

Batch and packed bed adsorption of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) herbicide was performed using bagasse fly ash (BFA) as an adsorbent. In batch process, characteristics of adsorbent, and the influence of adsorbent dosage, initial herbicide concentration, time, pH, particle size of adsorbent and temperature on adsorption were studied. Results disclose higher removal of MCPA on bigger particles of BFA owing to higher specific surface area because of greater carbon and lesser silica percentage in bigger particles. Application of isotherm models in present study indicates the best fitting of Langmuir and Temkin isotherms whereas the kinetic models suggest the suitability of pseudo second order and Elovich models. Thermodynamic study specifies the temperature preferred adsorption process. In packed bed technique, the effect of influent concentration, flow rate and bed height were investigated. The deactivation kinetic model which was previously considered only for studies in gas-solid adsorption is applied in this study to solid-liquid adsorption along with conventional packed bed models. In packed bed study, Bohart-Adams and Wolborska models are appropriate to explain the experimental data upto 60% saturation of the column. The deactivation kinetic model is found the best to elucidate the nature of breakthrough curves till the complete saturation of column. Batch capacity and packed bed capacity per m2 specific surface area of BFA is found about two and three times greater than the previously used adsorbents for MCPA respectively.
Evaluation of the physicochemical content and solid-state fermentation stage of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar using near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Fan Suwan , Pan Tianhong , Li Guoquan
Published: November 2020

As one of the most famous traditional Chinese vinegars, the grains physicochemical content of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar during solid-state fermentation (SSF) reflects the growth status of microorganisms and the quality of fermentation products. In addition, the time for grain-turning has a significant effect on the quality of fermentation products. In this study, a new evaluation method combined near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares regression (PLSR) was proposed to predict the physicochemical content of grains and the fermentation stage. The performance of the PLSR models for the total acid and the nonvolatile acid were RMSEP = 0.0371, R

p

2 = 0.9760, and RMSEP = 0.0216, R

p

2 = 0.9646, respectively. The accuracy ratio of SSF stage judgment was 100%. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can be used to guide on-site grain-turning and improve the quality of fermentation products.
Dynamic behavior of a stochastic SIRS model with two viruses
Authors: Zhao Jiandong , Zhang Tonghua , Han Zhixia
Published: November 2020

To study the effect of environmental noise on the spread of the disease, a stochastic Susceptible, Infective, Removed and Susceptible (SIRS) model with two viruses is introduced in this paper. Sufficient conditions for global existence of positive solution and stochastically asymptotic stability of disease-free equilibrium in the model are given. Then, it is shown that the positive solution is stochastically ultimately bounded and the moment average in time of the positive solution is bounded. Our results mean that the environmental noise suppresses the growth rate of the individuals and drives the disease to extinction under certain conditions. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate our main results.
Stability analysis of almost periodic solutions for discontinuous bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with discrete and distributed delays
Authors: Xie Weijun , Kong Fanchao , Qiu Hongjun , Fu Xiangying
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to discuss a class of discontinuous bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with discrete and distributed delays. By using the set-valued map, differential inclusions theory and fundamental solution matrix, the existence of almost-periodic solutions for the addressed neural network model is firstly discussed under some new conditions. Subsequently, based on the non-smooth analysis theory with Lyapunov-like strategy, the global exponential stability result of the almost-periodic solution for the proposed neural network system is also established without using any additional conditions. The results achieved in the paper extend some previous works on BAM neural networks to the discontinuous case and it is worth mentioning that it is the first time to investigate the almost-periodic dynamic behavior for the BAM neural networks like the form in this paper. Finally, in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical schemes, simulation results of two topical numerical examples are delineated.
Protective and curative role of vitamin D and hormones on the cadmium-induced inhibition of proliferation of human osteoblast cells
Authors: Dal Ulutas Aylin , Turgut Cosan Didem , Mutlu Fezan
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Exposure to cadmium (Cd), which causes environmental and industrial pollution, causes toxicity in many tissues and organs, especially bone, lung and kidney. Hormones, growth factors and other stimuli act on bone tissue through osteoblasts. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of Cd on hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells and the protective and healing potentials of estrogen, androgen and vitamin D against the inhibitory effect of Cd on the proliferation.

Methods

hFOB1.19 cells were cultivated in our laboratory using Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium-F12, HEPES medium, containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin/streptomycin in 34.5 °C 5%CO2 incubator. To determine its protective potentials for the toxicity of CdCl2, it was previously applied 1,25(OH) 2D vitamin, 17β-estradiol, and 5α-androstane for 72 h to cells. To determine their curative potential, osteoblast cells, which were previously exposed to CdCl2 for 72 h, were administered 1,25(OH) 2D vitamin, 17β-estradiol, and 5α-androstane. Following these applications were determined proliferation by XTT analysis and, the amounts of androgen receptor, estrogen receptor, vitamin D receptor, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin by ELISA analysis.

Results

Vitamin D has been both preventive and curative effective to increase cell proliferation, which Cd reduces. Interestingly, estrogen had a preventive effect and androgen had a curative effect.

Conclusions

In addition to showing the negative effects of cadmium on the proliferation of osteoblast cells, this study provides an overview of the effects of hormone and vitamin D applications before and after Cd, and these results may serve as a guide for future studies.
Posthuman Dystopia: Animal Surrealism and Permanent Crisis in Contemporary British Theatre
Authors: Voigts Eckart , Tönnies Merle
Published: November 2020

The paper situates current developments in British theatre within wider trends towards dystopia and (post-)apocalyptic writing. A central focus is on the role of posthuman elements in dystopian plays which are used to create a constant and pervasive, but mostly unspecific sense of crisis. Two recent works by female playwrights – Dawn King’s Foxfinder (2011) and Stef Smith’s Human Animals (2016) – are compared and related back to Caryl Churchill’s seminal Far Away (2000) to elucidate how the nonhuman comes to be perceived as a threat and how this leads to, and/or supports, a dystopian system and its violent measures. Moreover, both Foxfinder and Human Animals manage to combine absurdist elements that border on the surreal with more or less pronounced didactic implications for the audience, although these connections are realised in different ways by the two playwrights. In this manner, post-apocalyptic dystopian theatre of the early 21st century can become revolutionary rather than regressive.
𝒫-characters and the structure of finite solvable groups
Authors: Lu Jiakuan , Wu Kaisun , Meng Wei
Published: November 2020

Let G be a finite group.
An irreducible character of G is called a

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

-character if it is an irreducible constituent of

(

1
H

)

G

{(1_{H})^{G}}

for some maximal subgroup H of G.
In this paper, we obtain some conditions for a solvable group G to be p-nilpotent or p-closed in terms of

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

-characters.
Dispersion properties of single-mode optical fibers in telecommunication region: poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) versus silica
Authors: Pakarzadeh Hassan , Rezaei Seyed Mostafa , Taghizadeh Mostafa , Bozorgzadeh Forough
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the dispersion characteristics of two standard single-mode optical fibers (SMFs), fabricated with silica and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are studied in telecommunication spectral regions. The effect of structural parameters, such as the radius of the fiber core and the relative core-cladding index difference, is numerically investigated. It is found that over whole spectral range, the PMMA-based SMF shows lower dispersion than the silica SMF. Also, the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) of PMMA-based SMF is longer than that of silica fiber. The results may be of practical importance for the telecommunication applications.