bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Quantile Regression Analysis of Absorptive Capacity in the Malaysian Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Mohamad Yunus Norhanishah , Abdullah Norehan
Published: June 2022

Using a set of absorptive capacity proxies, we present new empirical findings on the role of absorptive capacity in assimilating the technology effects from the presence of multinational corporations (MNCs) in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. We applied a quantile regression estimator to explicitly gauge the level of absorptive capacity among workers by their levels of education at different quantiles of the conditional FDI distribution during the period of 2000–2018. We conclude that the medium-high technology industries benefit more from FDI if the workers’ absorptive capacity level reaches at least the median quantile. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest that educational digitisation efforts in enhancing quality human capital should be intensified, by equipping them with the latest knowledge and skills, which in turn requires cooperation between universities, public technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions as well as MNCs.
A HISTORICAL-POLITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR (2011-2017), ITS CONSEQUENCES AND ITS POSSIBLE STABILIZATION
Authors: Reci Albana
Published: June 2022

This article highlights that Syria was not at the forefront of Middle East politics as it is today, but different events in the history of the region brought Syria to such key position. Presently, it has become a geopolitical front for the players involved - a geopolitical front for the Kurdish’ status in the countries with significant Kurdish minority; for the status of Iran-Gulf balance in the Middle East; and for the positions of the United States and Russia in the new Middle Eastern political configuration. These factors have complicated the political settlement and the military solution. They have also regionalized and internationalized the civil war, because the current internal fractures of the Syrian situation stand between the Sunni and Shia sects, Iran and Gulf, the US’ coalition and the Russian-aligned states. The political-military target of each of the players has been about territorial gains on the ground and denying such gains to the other side. Nevertheless, despite the high level of violence, both the regime and the opposition forces agree to address the Syrian political settlement in terms of national territorial integrity.
Selecting species and populations for monitoring of genetic diversity
Authors: Hvilsom C. , Segelbacher G. , Ekblom R. , Fischer M.C. , Laikre L. , Leus K. , O'Brien D. , Shaw R. , Sork V.
Published: June 2022

One of the main challenges for conservation today is monitoring and understanding changes in biodiversity. Genetic diversity provides the foundation for biodiversity and is necessary for long-term survival, adaptation, and resilience not only for individuals, but also for populations, species, and entire ecosystems. Monitoring genetic diversity across different time points is a first step to gain insight into the extent to which populations or species might be at risk, to guide conservation action and to provide evidence for solutions. This guidance document aims to be a resource that guides the reader through the decision and evaluation processes that take place when designing a genetic diversity monitoring programme and identifying the most appropriate set of species or populations to monitor. This guidance document is intended for practitioners (including governmental agencies, NGOs, but also locally responsible conservationists such as land managers) who need to monitor genetic diversity of species in the wild.
Sklep Chaudoirów. Przyczynek do badań nad warszawskim rynkiem wyrobów luksusowych w wieku XVIII
Authors: Niemira Konrad
Published: June 2022

Podstawą źródłową artykułu są dwa inwentarze oraz dokumenty dotyczące bilansu handlowego warszawskiego sklepu prowadzonego przez Jean-Josepha Chaudoira (1746–1839) i jego brata Jacquesa Huberta (1753–1794), francuskojęzycznych kupców, którzy przybyli do Warszawy kolejno w 1774 i ok. 1783 r. Omówiono ofertę sklepu (typ sprzedawanych produktów oraz ich ceny), pochodzenie towarów, sieć kontaktów handlowych Chaudoirów, skład ich klienteli oraz skalę dochodów.
Norsk klima- og utenrikspolitikk: Er ambisjonen om å være en global klimaforkjemper forenelig med Norges rolle som petroleumsprodusent?
Authors: Rosvold Elisabeth Lio
Published: June 2022

Med fem ulike bidrag fra norske samfunnsforskere setter dette fokusnummeret søkelys på norsk klima- og utenrikspolitikk. Bidragene i fokusnummeret viser at det har skjedd en vesentlig sammenkobling av politikkområder som tidligere har vært atskilt, og at klimapolitikken spiller en stadig større rolle i andre politikkområder, slik som utenriks-, handels- og kraftpolitikken. I tillegg kommer det frem at det internasjonale klimaregimet, til tross for nær universell ratifisering av Parisavtalen, stadig fragmenteres. Norge har reagert på dette med å knytte seg stadig tettere til EU, både når det gjelder klima- og kraftpolitikk. Videre påpeker fokusnummeret at internasjonale omdømmekostnader og økende global etterspørsel etter fornybar energi øker presset på en rask grønn omstilling, også innenlands. I sum fremstår Norges ambisjon om å være en global klimaforkjemper som stadig mer uforenelig med rollen som storskala produsent av olje og gass.
Abstract in English:Norwegian Climate and Foreign Policy: Is the Ambition to Be a Global Climate Leader Compatible with Norway’s Role as an Oil Producer?The five contributions in this special issue all focus on various aspects of Norwegian climate and foreign policy. The special issue highlights the interconnectedness of policy areas that previously have been separate in showing how climate policy plays an increasing role in other policy domains, such as foreign, trade and energy politics. Even if the Paris Agreement enjoys near universal ratification, the international climate regime is becoming increasingly fragmented. As a result, Norwegian climate policy is becoming increasingly integrated with the EU in both climate and energy regulation. Moreover, the special issue highlights how international reputational costs and increasing future demand for renewable energy are putting additional pressure on a rapid green transition, also domestically. Taken together, Norway’s ambition to be a global climate leader appears more and more incompatible with its role as a large producer of oil and gas.
Serum cystatin C to creatinine ratio is associated with sarcopenia in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease
Authors: An Jung Nam , Kim Jwa-Kyung , Lee Hyung-Seok , Kim Sung Gyun , Kim Hyung Jik , Song Young Rim
Published: June 2022

Background: Sarcopenia is a prevalent complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with poor quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Several candidate biomarkers have been evaluated for this condition. This study assessed the serum cystatin C to creatinine (serum cystatin C/Cr) ratio as a potential biomarker for sarcopenia in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease. Methods: This study enrolled 517 outpatients. Muscle mass (lean tissue index) was measured using a bioimpedance spectroscopic device, and muscle strength (handgrip strength) was also measured. Sarcopenia was defined as a combination of low muscle strength and low muscle mass. Results: Sarcopenia was observed in 25.5% of patients, and the mean serum cystatin C/Cr ratio was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia than in those without it (1.14 ± 0.26 vs. 1.01 ± 0.27, p < 0.001). The prevalence of sarcopenia and low lean tissue index increased as the cystatin C/Cr ratio increased. The negative predictive value of the cystatin C/Cr ratio for sarcopenia or low lean tissue index was ≥80%. Multivariate analyses revealed that when the serum cystatin C/Cr ratio increased by 1, the risk of sarcopenia, low lean tissue index, and low handgrip strength increased by 4.6-, 7.2-, and 2.6-fold, respectively (p = 0.003, p < 0.001, and p = 0.048). The association was maximized in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: Calculating the serum cystatin C/Cr ratio could be helpful for detecting and managing sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
URGENSI PENGATURAN MENGENAI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PADA SEKTOR BISNIS DARING DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Priowirjanto Enni Soerjati
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada aktivitas bisnis online yang semakin digemari oleh masyarakat, perkembangan bisnis online ini didukung oleh pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang merupakan bagian dari teknologi informasi membantu pelaku usaha memfasilitasi komunikasi dengan konsumen, sehingga pemasaran dari produk yang mereka tawarkan dapat meningkat. AI yang dirancang dan digunakan untuk memudahkan pelaksanaan kegiatan manusia dibidang bisnis dapat membantu pengusaha mengolah setiap data dan informasi dari konsumen, sehingga memudahkan dalam pemetaan perilaku calon konsumen yang menjadi target pemasaran produk. Artikel ditulis dengan tujuan untuk menunjukkan urgensi regulasi yang mengatur AI di bidang bisnis, agar tidak menimbulkan penyalahgunaan terhadap data yang diambil dan diolah menggunakan AI, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian bagi pemilik data. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris disertai pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang diteliti adalah data sekunder berupa tulisan-tulisan dari para ahli di bidang teknologi informasi dan ahli hukum, untuk melihat hubungan antara teknologi informasi di bidang bisnis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan AI harus diatur dan diawasi oleh badan khusus untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada pihak yang memanfaatkannya. Selain itu juga untuk memberikan batasan pertanggungjawaban atas penggunaan yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan pembuatannya. Kata kunci: artificial intelligence; bisnis online; pengaturan.

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on online business activities that are increasingly favored by the public, which is supported by using information technology. Artificial Intelligence (AI) which is part of information technology helps businesses facilitate communication with consumers, which can increase their products marketing. AI that is designed and used to facilitate the human activities in business sectors can help businesses to update every data and information from consumers and making it easier to mapping the behavior of potential consumers. The aim of this article is to show the urgency of regulations governing AI in the business sector that cause misuse of data captured and processed by using AI. The method used is juridical empirical accompanied by a qualitative approach. The data studied are secondary data in the form of writings from experts in the field of information technology and from legal experts, to see how the relationship between information technology in business sector. The result shows that AI must be regulated and supervised by special body in order provide protection to its users. In addition, to provide limits on liability for use that is not in accordance with the purpose for which it was made. Keywords: artificial intelligence; online business; regulation.
KESIAPAN PERBANKAN MENUJU TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH)
Authors: Satrio Ronggo Buwono  , Abubakar Lastuti , Handayani Tri
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK Pada sektor jasa keuangan khususnya perbankan, akselerasi transformasi digital diharapkan menjadi alternatif pasca pandemi Covid-19 untuk mendorong perbaikan kinerja, pecepatan akses keuangan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Dalam perkembangannya, saat ini interaksi dan transaksi keuangan sangat mengandalkan teknologi, sebagaimana produk-produk berbasis teknologi digital seperti e-money, e-wallet, internet banking dan mobile banking. Selain itu, semakin bermunculannya perusahaan berbasis aplikasi (e-commerce), seperti perusahaan Tokopedia dan Gojek menyediakan fitur-fitur yang memungkinkan terjadinya layanan yang lebih cepat, lebih baik dan lebih murah (cheaper-better-faster) membuat perbankan dan perusahaan fincancial technology (fintech) perlu mulai adaptif terhadap percepatan perubahan ke arah digital. Namun demikian, proses transformasi digital juga perlu didukung dengan mitigasi risiko yang memadai dan memerlukan dukungan kebijakan, serta peran pengawasan aktif dari Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dan Bank Indonesia (BI) selaku regulator, sehingga proses transformasi digital dari perijinan, kerjasama business to business sampai dengan pengawasan atas mitigasi risiko yang diterapkan lembaga jasa keuangan mampu mengawal proses transformasi digital secara aman tanpa mengesampingkan aspek prudensial. Kata kunci: Covid-19; fintech; transformasi digital

ABSTRACT In the financial services sector, especially banking, the acceleration of digital transformation is expected to be an alternative after the Covid-19 pandemic to encourage improved performance, accelerated access to finance and national economic growth. In its development, currently financial interactions and transactions rely heavily on technology, as are digital technology-based products such as e-money, e-wallet, internet banking and mobile banking. In addition, the emergence of application-based companies (e-commerce), such as Tokopedia and Gojek companies providing features that enable faster, better and cheaper services (cheaper-better-faster) make banking and fintech companies need to start adaptive to the acceleration of change towards digital. However, the digital transformation process also needs to be supported by adequate risk mitigation and requires policy support, as well as an active supervisory role from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI) as regulators, so that the digital transformation process from licensing, business to business cooperation to the supervision of risk mitigation implemented by financial service institutions that are able to safely oversee the digital transformation process without compromising prudential aspects.Keywords: Covid-19; fintech; digital transformation.
KONSEP PEMULIHAN DALAM PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP (Studi Pada Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara Nomor 735/PDT.GLH/2018/PN.Jkt.Utr)
Authors: Marbun Bachtiar
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep pemulihan dalam pencemaran lingkungan hidup yang terjadi pada kasus dalam Putusan PN Jakarta Utara Nomor 735/PDT.G-LH/2018/PN.Jkt.Utr. Jenis penelitian menggunakan yuridis-normatif dan teknik pengumpulan studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan content analysis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep pemulihan pada putusan kasus tersebut memberikan tuntutan ganti kerugian akibat tindakan pencemaran lingkungan berupa biaya pemulihan yang sesuai dengan prinsip strict liability dan poluters pay, yang diperkuat oleh ahli Eddy Soentjahyo yang didasarkan pada PermenLHK Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Ganti Kerugian Akibat Pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup dan PermenLHK Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Kerugian Lingkungan Hidup Akibat Pencemaran dan/atau Kerusakan Lingkungan Hidup. Hal tersebut berjalan beriringan dengan Prinsip tanggung jawab Negara yang tercantum pada principle 7 dan precautionary principle yang tercantum pada principle 15 The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development: An Assessment.

Kata kunci: Lingkungan Hidup; Pemulihan; Pencemaran.

 

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the concept of recovery on environmental pollution that occurred in the case of the North Jakarta District Court Decision Number 735/PDT.G-LH/2018/PN.Jkt.Utr. This type of research uses juridical-normative and library research collection techniques using qualitative descriptive content analysis. The results show that the concept of recovery in the decision of the case provides a claim for compensation due to environmental pollution actions in the form of recovery costs in accordance with the principles of strict liability and polluters pay, which is reinforced by expert Eddy Soentjahyo based on Minister of Environment and Forestry regulations Number 13 of 2011 concerning Compensation due to Pollution and/or environmental damage and Minister of Environment and Forestry regulations Number 7 of 2014 concerning Environmental Losses Due to Pollution and/or Environmental Damage. This goes hand in hand with the principle of State responsibility as stated in principle 7 and the precautionary principle contained in principle 15 of The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development: An Assessment.

Keywords: Environment; Pollution; Recovery.
Preparation of phenolic compounds of secondary products of wine production
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kichura D. , Subtelnyi R. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dzinyak B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2022

Grape is one of the oldest plants used by man. It has a special taste and is in great demand around the world. It is mainly used by the food industry, and by-products of winemaking are actively used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, due to its composition. Grape production wastes - components of the vine are suitable for further use for the extraction of valuable biologically active substances and increase the competitiveness of primary and secondary winemaking. The possibility of using pomace of different grape varieties to obtain phenolic compounds of biological value is shown.
Rimaa hipoen selviää tilanteesta
Authors: Ahola Sari
Published: June 2022

Sari Aholan soveltavan kielentutkimukseen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkastettiin Jyväskylän yliopistossa perjantaina 18. helmikuuta 2022. Vastaväittäjänä toimi dosentti Taina Juurakko-Paavola Tampereen yliopistosta ja kustoksena professori Mirja Tarnanen.
Sari Ahola: Rimaa hipoen selviää tilanteesta – Yleisten kielitutkintojen suomen kielen arvioijien käsityksiä kielitaidon arvioinnista ja suullisesta kielitaidosta. JYU Dissertations 489. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto, 2022.
Kirja on luettavissa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-9005-3
Arkipäiväisen estetiikkaa vuosituhannen vaihteen japanilaisessa kauhuelokuvassa
Authors: Rantala Varpu
Published: June 2022

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Las mutaciones de la ciudadanía en el debate contemporáneo. Aristas y claves de desciframiento en las relaciones con la cultura y el conflicto
Authors: Atehortúa Castro Luis Alfredo
Published: June 2022

La ciudadanía se ha convertido en un referente de discusión central para las Ciencias Sociales. Sus procesos de articulación en las esferas normativas, leídas como expresión de derechos y deberes ha traspasado los límites y ni-chos institucionales, así como las delimitaciones conceptuales restringidas a los derechos de primera y segunda generación o la exclusiva pertenencia a un territorio denominado Estado - nación. El artículo hace un recorrido por los referentes clásicos –vigentes y limitados en algunos casos– provenien-tes de los aportes de TH Marshall, clave en el debate del liberalismo. Asimis-mo, se incorpora una contextualización de los diferentes escenarios de orden global que han revelado otros sentidos de la ciudadanía, y sus relaciones con la cultura y el conflicto.
Realidad sobre el principio de corresponsabilidad, frente al derecho a la familia de los niños y adolescentes en situación de calle
Authors: Lozano Orozco Valentina , Giraldo Castro Sara
Published: June 2022

La prevalencia de niños y adolescentes en situación de calle se ha mantenido con el pasar de los años, llegando incluso a ser algo normalizado en la sociedad. Esto refleja una necesidad de tratamiento a esa problemática. Dada la historia, los menores han ido adquiriendo ciertos derechos fundamentales por medio de normativas establecidas para su protección, a los cuales acceden por ser una población más vulnerable a comparación de la sociedad en la cual se desarrolla. El artículo busca atestiguar cuáles son los derechos de los niños, qué leyes buscan protegerlos y qué obligaciones deben ser cumplidas por la familia, el Estado y la sociedad para garantizar su bienestar.También se exponen los diferentes procesos que se utilizan y los centros que dan apoyo al mejoramiento de esta población, que tienen como objetivo el total cumplimiento de la normatividad.
Developing digital competencies in implementation of master’s degree programs (case of universities in Vladivostok)
Authors: Zhohova Valentina Vladimirovna , Petropavlovskaya Anna Andreevna
Published: June 2022

The guideline of higher education is aimed at training a highly qualified specialist in accordance with the needs of modern society. The impact of the digital economy on developing the key competencies and training in-demand graduates of higher educational institutions in the regional labor market have been studied. The analysis of scientific articles was carried out, which confirms that excessive fascination with the ideas of digitalization can contribute to a decrease in the teachers’ activity, there is also a risk of reducing the creative potential of students, reducing their mental activity and poor socialization. The process of implementing the master’s programs in the Vladivostok universities (cases of Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service and Maritime State University after admiral G. I. Nevelskoy), developing the key knowledge and skills in the learning process of undergraduates and determining the level of digital competence of students are studied in details. The initial results of empirical studies of the processes involving the subjects of the master’s programs of the universities of Vladivostok are presented. The results of interviewing the teachers of the master’s degree programs and the undergraduates’ survey on using the modern educational technologies in training the undergraduates of universities are reflected. The conclusion is made about the spread of online and interactive learning, project activities and the use of network programs. A study characterizing the level of formation of digital competencies of master’s degree students has been presented.
Colonial Railways of Mozambique: Critical and Vulnerable Infrastructure, 1880s-1930s
Authors: Pereira Hugo Silveira
Published: June 2022

In the early 1880s, Portugal began the construction of railways in its colonies. The main goals were to reinforce Portuguese presence and increase colonial revenue. This paper aims to analyse the transnational railways built in Mozambique, between the 1880s and the 1930s, as critical infrastructure (or critical systems). I argue that the lack of railways in Mozambique was the cause for deep concern and fostered a “sense of urgency” among the Portuguese authorities, as this could potentially jeopardise the Portuguese imperial project. Railways were considered critical to bolstering Portugal’s sovereignty, as well as to exploit local resources and attract traffic from neighbouring territories. Once built, the railways revealed two major vulnerabilities: competition from South African ports and dependence on British capital. A few episodes involving Portuguese and British agents highlighted these vulnerabilities and motivated Portuguese policymakers to find solutions. This paper explores these topics based on a comprehensive literature review and the use of primary sources, intended to provide a novel approach to Portuguese colonial railways.
Modelling the Obstacles to using Bicycle Sharing Systems in the Tehran Metropolis: A Structural Analysis
Authors: Akbari Majid , Zarghamfard Moslem , Hajisharifi Arezoo , Amir Entekhabi Shahram , Goodarzipour Sadrallah
Published: June 2022

The main objective of the current research is to identify and prioritise the obstacles to using bicycle sharing systems (BSSs) in the Tehran metropolis. The methodology of this research is analytical-descriptive and it aims to achieve applied goals. To do so, firstly the obstacles are identified through studying the theoretical and practical foundations of the issue and then by delving into factors associated with BSSs in the Tehran metropolis, extracting them through the content validity method. Then, the interrelations among the specified obstacles and their impact and effectiveness are determined through structural and MICMAC modelling. The data collection tool employed in the research assumes the forms of a survey and a face-to-face interview. According to the results, the following variables are among the ones associated with obstacles having the maximum impact on other obstacles: the financial problems and the disparity within the municipal management, culturalisation, educational shortage and negligence in using the participatory capacities of civilians. Before executing and taking any other strategy to overcome the obstacles, the forthcoming model supports Tehran metropolis municipal managers to identify the existent obstacles of the field in order to enable them to utilise a suitable approach as to lodging BSSs.
Research on Rural Entrepreneurship in Terms of the Literature: Definition Problems and Selected Research Issues
Authors: Kulawiak Anita , Suliborski Andrzej , Rachwał Tomasz
Published: June 2022

Rural entrepreneurship has become an important research issue with great development potential in the face of intense socio-economic changes in rural areas. However, few significant studies cover this topic in Polish and foreign literature. In this article, the authors attempt to review and evaluate the current research on rural entrepreneurship emphasising the Polish literature and including geographical studies. The article describes and organises theoretical research achievements to date and offers a definition of rural entrepreneurship and the directions and prospects for further research.
EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: CURRENT TAX EXPENSE, EFFECTIVE TAX RATES, AND FINANCIAL RATIO
Authors: Ayu Rani Wulan , Susanto Yulius Kurnia
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh biaya pajak kini, tarif pajak efektif, profitabilitas, leverage, perputaran sediaan, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap manajemen laba. Penelitian menggunakan 49 perusahaan yang terdaftar pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari 2016 sampai 2018 yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengujian menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas menyebabkan terjadinya manajemen laba. Semakin tinggi profitabilitas perusahaan maka semakin tinggi pula kecenderungan perusahaan melakukan manajemen laba untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan investor. Manajemen juga termotivasi melakukan manajemen laba agar mendapatkan bonus yang lebih besar. Sedangkan biaya pajak kini, tarif pajak efektif, leverage, perputaran sediaan, dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba. The objective of this study is to get empirical evidence about the influence of current tax expense, effective tax rate, and profitability, leverage, inventory turnover, and company size on earnings management. This research used 49 companies listed in manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange since 2016 until 2018 selected by purposive sampling method. The research data analysis uses a logistic regression. This research shows the results that profitability has positive influence to earnings management. The higher the company's profitability, the higher the company's tendency to carry out earnings management to increase investor confidence. The management is also motivated to do earnings management to get a bigger bonus. While current tax expense, effective tax rate, leverage, inventory turnover, and company size have no affect to earnings management.
Study of Leptosirosis Prevalence on the Territory of Lviv Region with Using of GIS Technologies
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Zubach O. , Ben I. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Semenyshyn O. ,   State Institution Lviv Oblast Center for Diseases Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zinchuk O. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread bacterial zoonosis in the world. Understanding the changes affecting the spatial and functional structure of natural foci of leptospirosis, peculiarities of epizootic and epidemic processes is of particular importance for practical medicine. For this purpose, we have chosen a geographic information system (GIS), which helps to summarize information about the incidence of leptospirosis in Lviv region. The aim of the study. Our study aimed to assess the territorial spreading of leptospirosis and identify the risks of infection with this disease in Lviv Oblast based on evident retrospective analysis of the epidemic process using geomapping technologies created with geographic information systems. Materials and methods. An electronic database of leptospirosis cases in humans and infected mouse-like rodents was created using Microsoft Excel. The QGIS 2.0.1 was used to analyze the obtained data, the map of the 259 human and 3524 rodent cases of Leptospirosis in Lviv Oblast was created. All calculations were performed using the ʺStatistica 10.0ʺ application package by Windows. The results were statistically processed using the Fisher’s bilateral test. Results. Layered plotting of the data on Lviv Oblast map demonstrated the diversity and distribution of leptospirosis cases in humans and rodents. Further comparisons took into account the geographical landscape of the Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian Carpathians, Forest-steppe and Forest zones). The greatest number rodents that tested positive was observed in the forest-steppe zone (13.16 %), 10.66 % of all positive animals came from the forest zone, and 10.26 % of test-positive animals came from the zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (both p value less than 0.05). A similar pattern was found in humans: significantly more cases of the disease were recorded in Forest-steppe zone – 62.94 %, compared with the Forest zone (24.32 %) and the zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (12.74 %), both p value less than 0.001. Conclusions. The geographic information system allowed to obtain a spatial understanding of the Leptospira geographical distribution in Lviv Oblast. The zoning of the territory with using of geographic information systems determins that the area of the highest risk of infection of leptospirosis for people is the Forest-steppe zone of Lviv Region.
Liver Injuries Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019: View on the Problem
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University, Prysyazhnyuk V. , Ilashchuk T. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Voloshyna L. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Vasjuk V. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Prysiazhniuk I. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Bobkovych K. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Major cardiovascular and pulmonary comorbidities, as well as diabetes mellitus and certain cancers, are associated with worse clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Meanwhile, the impact of concomitant liver diseases on the COVID-19 natural course together with the influence of the COVID-19 on the hepatic tissues have been rarely investigated. The aim of the study was to analyse the available data regarding impact of liver pathologies on COVID-19 natural course and outcome, and, reciprocally, hepatic injuries development induced by COVID-19. Materials and methods. Content analysis, systematic and comparative analysis, bibliosemantic method of investigation of current scientific research results on liver damage associated with COVID-19 were used. Results. The potential mechanism of liver injury in COVID-19 is complex and includes direct cytopathic viral injury, proinflammatory cytokine outbreak, hypoxia/reperfusion damage and potential drug induced liver injury. Among the medications used for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, there are certain that could potentially cause drug-induced liver injury. Treatment of liver transplant patients can be challenging taking into consideration the possible necessity of immunosuppressive therapy correction combined with the needs to find a balance between the risk of graft rejection and effective elimination of the virus. Conclusions. Current review of the available database revealed that liver diseases are among substantive comorbidities in COVID-19 patients alongside with liver injuries which are rather frequent complications of COVID-19 treatment. Potential drug-induced liver injuries in patients subjected tocertain antiviral agents in combination with supportive therapy drugs should be taken into consideration. Special precautions are required to prevent potential drug-to-drug interactions in case of COVID-19 treatment in liver transplant patients.
Peculiarities of Arterial Hypertension Course in Patients with Concomitant Diabetes Mellitus in the Post-COVID Period
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Voloshyna O. , Zbitneva V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Zubok E. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Balashova I. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Lysyi I. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Dukova О. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Voloshyn A. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Chekhlova О. ,   Odessa National Medical University
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Recent publications indicate that the most common comorbidities in hospitalized patients with coronavirus infection were arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), and coronary heart disease. However, the peculiarities of AH course in post-COVID-19 patients, especially with concomitant DM, are insufficiently covered in the relevant literature. The aim of the study. Тo investigate the peculiarities of hypertension course in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus previously affected with COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. We examined 48 patients with essential hypertension of stage II-III of 1-3 degrees, and concomitant DM, previously affected with Covid-19, 52-72 years of age. Results. It has been estimated that more than 1/3 of patients with hypertension who relapsed to COVID-19 complained of frequent headaches, palpitations, coughs, muscle and joint pain, fatigue and sleep disturbances. However, patients with concomitant DM were significantly more likely to complain of general weakness and indigestion. In many patients, regardless of the presence of concomitant pathology, in the postcocious period there was indicated an increase in C-reactive protein more than 3 mg/l and enhanced fibrinogen levels, indicating an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in this group patients. Most patients experienced worsening of blood pressure control during COVID-19 treatment. Uncontrolled hypertension was significantly more common in patients hospitalized for the treatment of acute COVID-19, regardless of DM presence. Conclusions. In patients with AH and concomitant DM significantly more often (76.0 % of cases (p is equal to 0.01)) – compared to patients with AH without DM (60.9 %) was detected uncontrolled hypertension in the post-COVID period. Worsening of blood pressure control in patients with concomitant DM is significantly more common (p value less than 0.001) in those patients who took three or more antihypertensive drugs, this notion require additional correction of antihypertensive therapy.
Analisis Keberlanjutan Usahatani Benih Labu Kuning di Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Susanto Budi , Iskandar Ridwan , Kasutjianingati Kasutjianingati
Published: June 2022

Agribisnis biji labu kuning yang berkelanjutan dan berdaya saing dicirikan oleh kemampuan merespon perubahan pasar secara efisien, berorientasi pada kepentingan jangka panjang, memiliki inovasi terkait teknologi, menggunakan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan dan mengupayakan kelestarian sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberlanjutan dimensi ekonomi usahatani biji labu kuning di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah Rap-Seed melalui metode Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) untuk menganalisis keberlanjutan dengan 7 atribut. Hasil analisis indeks keberlanjutan untuk dimensi ekonomi adalah 61,81. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan dalam dimensi ekologi dan yang perlu diperhatikan adalah simpanan berupa simpanan petani dengan nilai 8,93.
Teachers' Adaptability to General Curriculum Reform
Authors: Huyen Nguyen Phuong , Yen Duong Thi Hoang
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the research is to investigate the lecturers' adaptability  to curriculum innovation and its impact on the fundamental and comprehensive innovation of education and training. In order to adapt to curriculum reform, teachers must be prepared for their own role in curriculum design and implementation, aware of program changes and values. teaching in the direction of developing learners' capacity; skills to practice student-centered teaching strategies. The adaptation of teachers to curriculum innovation depends on the teachers themselves and the policy context of each school. Research methods are mixed methods combining qualitative and quantitative. Main data is from questionnaires provided to the trainers. Measures of data collection according to 3 aspects on the adaptability of lecturers to curriculum innovation. The results show that 651 respondents can adapt to a medium level, most of the lecturers are ready to adapt to the curriculum innovation. Some teachers have tried to actively self-study and develop professional competence.
Irrupciones de Mario Levrero: una escritura del retorno
Authors: Islas Flores Mario César
Published: June 2022

Esta aproximación a la obra de Mario Levrero está pautada por las afinidades temáticas y estilísticas que, a mi juicio, existen entre los artículos que el autor uruguayo escribiera para la revista montevideana Posdata entre los años 1996 y 2000 (Irrupciones) y su escritura autobiográfica precedente (Apuntes bonaerenses, Diario de un canalla, El discurso vacío) y póstuma (La novela luminosa, Burdeos, 1972). La fuerte dimensión introspectiva y rememorativa presente en ambos arcos narrativos (de ahí, la importancia cardinal que asigno al concepto de retorno), aunada a una intensa y definitoria retroalimentación, posibilitan la inclusión de Irrupciones dentro de la producción textual autobiográfica del escritor uruguayo; más aún, su caracterización como diario.
'Conversación de contacto' en la tele-realidad: ¿“telebasura” o texto social?
Authors: García Gómez Antonio
Published: June 2022

A pesar del esfuerzo de científicos sociales, periodistas y los propios presentadores de los programas por defender y dar importancia a los audience discussion programmes, estos programas han sido tildados como “telebasura”. En la bibliografía, la acusación vertida contra estos programas es el hecho de crear espectáculo de la información y dar rienda suelta a las emociones mientras se finge un servicio social. Nuestro estudio nace de la premisa de que el análisis lingüístico de la conversación de contacto presente en estos programas permite arrojar luz sobre el complejo entramado de estos programas. El estudio del corpus demostrará que la conversación de contacto no sólo sirve a un poder moral que refleja unos contenidos temáticos y a sus protagonistas como representantes de toda una colectividad con unos valores ejemplarizantes, sino que además refleja una realidad social que debe ser entendida como el vehículo cargado de una ideología responsable de configurar una opinión en la audiencia. Finalmente, el análisis propone que la conversación de contacto ejerce una poderosa fuerza de cohesión social sobre estos mismos públicos.
'La conversación de contacto' en contextos institucionales: la consulta médica
Authors: Valero-Garcés Carmen
Published: June 2022

La investigación en torno al discurso institucional basado en el análisis de la conversación ha producido desde la década de 1990 un número considerable de estudios llevados a cabo en contextos distintos y desde ángulos diferentes. Siguiendo los presupuestos de la etnometodología –bajo cuya influencia se desarrolla el análisis de la conversación– se acepta que los miembros de la sociedad son conocedores competentes de las identidades, instituciones y prácticas que se ponen en juego o a las que se hace referencia en las interacciones cotidianas. Surge así una corriente de estudios cualitativos centrados en la descripción detallada de conversaciones a través del estudio de los mecanismos de interacción y de las constricciones impuestas por el entorno institucional en el que tiene lugar. Un aspecto con frecuencia olvidado dentro de esta línea de investigación es el análisis de la conversación de contacto. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente investigar el papel que este tipo de comunicación tiene en un contexto específico –la consulta médica– y ver si cumple alguna función de centralidad o simplemente se queda en la periferia de la interacción. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que ambas funciones –de centralidad y periférica– se dan en la comunicación y aparecen entrelazados en las distintas partes de la consulta; asimismo el tono coloquial de dichas consultas y la presencia de usuarios extranjeros que no dominan bien la lengua y/o el funcionamiento del sistema sanitario español parecen favorecer su uso.
Valores de las interjecciones en el discurso oral y su relación con otras marcas de modalidad discursivas
Authors: Rodríguez Ramalle Teresa María
Published: June 2022

En este artículo me propongo analizar el comportamiento de las interjecciones impropias como anda, vaya, venga, mira, cuidado, hombre, mujer, oye, etc., cuando aparecen acompañadas por otras marcas de modalidad de tipo evidencial y enunciativo. En el primer caso, las interjecciones admiten un complemento introducido por la conjunción que, marca que presenta un valor modal de tipo evidencial, puesto que su proyección junto a la interjección implica la presencia del hablante como fuente u origen de la información que se afirma: ¡Mira que decir el primer apellido…!, Anda que no he regalado yo adularias. En lo que respecta a la conjunción que como marca modal enunciativa que acompaña también a las interjecciones, esta se caracteriza por construirse como una secuencia entonativa y sintácticamente independiente. Este segundo tipo de que se interpreta como una marca de modalidad enunciativa que introduce oraciones independientes y que las relaciona con un discurso previo: Nos vamos a acostar, mira, que está mi hermana en el ascensor también; ¡Anda!, que yo que os iba a enseñar hoy a hacer el masaje con las pelotas. Mi objetivo final es ofrecer una explicación del contraste entre los dos tipos de secuencias: interjección + que evidencial e interjección + que enunciativo en el discurso oral.
Análisis melódico del habla: complejidad y entonación en el discurso
Authors: Cantero Serena Francisco José , Mateo Ruiz Miguel
Published: June 2022

En este artículo ofrecemos, a partir de nuestro modelo de Análisis Melódico del Habla (AMH), una visión de conjunto del funcionamiento complejo de la entonación en el discurso y de los elementos que se coestructuran en ella, en sus tres niveles de análisis: en la entonación prelingüística, revisamos los fenómenos de la jerarquía fónica y el perfil melódico; en la entonación lingüística, los tonemas del español y sus patrones melódicos; en la entonación paralingüística, la entonación emocional, la entonación de foco y la entonación de cortesía.
"Verum focus" y prosodia: cuando la duración (sí que) importa
Authors: Escandell Vidal Mª. Victoria
Published: June 2022

Los estudios sobre prosodia han privilegiado particularmente las variaciones de F0 frente a las del resto de los parámetros del sonido, que se han asociado a indicaciones sintomáticas (de tipo emocional y afectivo). Es habitual también suponer que los incrementos en la duración se asocian con el tono alto que marca el realce focal como resultado de la implementación fonética de la producción y no poseen estatuto fonológico. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar argumentos a favor de la independencia funcional de la duración con respecto a la frecuencia, basada en datos que muestran una disociación entre el incremento en la duración y el tono alto.En español, las construcciones de verum focus o foco de polaridad (es decir, aquellas en las que el foco recae sobre la polaridad positiva de una oración enunciativa) pueden presentar una asociación entre tono bajo e incremento de la duración en el acento nuclear. Esta correlación, que da lugar sistemáticamente a pares mínimos, no se encuentra en otras lenguas de nuestro entorno. El análisis de los datos sugiere que frecuencia y duración transmiten instrucciones funcionalmente independientes: la frecuencia baja se relaciona con el estatuto de la información (en este caso, es información ya presente en el fondo conversacional), mientras que la mayor duración se conecta con el realce focal.
‘No diga chorradas...’ la descortesía en el debate político cara a cara. Una aproximación pragma-variacionista
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis
Published: June 2022

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El lenguaje de los informativos: entre la oralidad y la escritura(lidad): el telediario del 11-S
Authors: Méndez García De Paredes Elena , Leal Abad Elena
Published: June 2022

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La evolución de 'bueno' de adjetivo a partícula discursiva. Un proceso de discursivización
Authors: Ocampo Francisco
Published: June 2022

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Can COVID-19 worsen racial disparities in breast cancer screening and diagnosis?
Authors: Yacona Kate , Hanna Mariam W , Niyazi Sara , Sharma Smita , Hatch Parlyn , Hernandez Mauricio , Letter Haley
Published: June 2022

Background

Health disparities among minority groups, especially African Americans, can limit their access to quality medical care and lead to disproportionate medical management and disease outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the COVID-19-related change in mammogram volumes and cancer detection at two affiliated academic breast centers, one that serves a predominantly African American patient population and one that serves a predominantly non-African American patient population.

Materials and methods

For the purpose of anonymity, racial demographics were collected and the center with a higher African American patient population was designated as institution A, while the center with a higher non-African American patient population was designated as institution B. Careful selection of the two breast centers was instituted in order to limit the impact of potential confounders other than race.

An Institutional Review Board (IRB) exemption was obtained and two Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA) reports were generated; one for March 2020 through September 2020, during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, and one for March 2019 through September 2019 to serve as the pre-pandemic control group. The i2b2 Query Analysis Tool® was used to obtain racial demographic data and compare the percent change in screening and diagnostic mammograms, image-guided biopsies, total cancers diagnosed by imaging, and percent of minimal cancers for both institutions.

Results

Screening mammograms and breast cancer detection decreased in 2020 compared to 2019 at both institutions. However, the percent change from 2019 to 2020 was greater at institution A than at institution B. Percent minimal cancers, an indicator of early-stage breast cancer also decreased more drastically at institution A than at institution B. Interestingly, the total number of diagnostic exams and image-guided biopsies increased in 2020 at institution B, whereas both decreased at institution A.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic may lead to worsening racial disparities in breast cancer screening. In an effort to narrow future disparity, it is crucial for radiologists and other health care providers to be aware of this inequality and educate all women on the importance of obtaining routine screening mammography. More studies are needed.