bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Activities
Authors: Ali Md. Nasim , Talukder Md. Sourav , Paul Shovon , Alam S. M. Shahidul , Bappy Mehedi Hasan , Dutta Mondira
Published: June 2024

Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Principles Governing Ethical Development and Deployment of AI
Authors: Shukla Shubh
Published: June 2024

The ethical development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving field with significant implications for society. This paper delves into the multifaceted ethical considerations surrounding AI, emphasising the importance of transparency, accountability, and privacy. By conducting a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, it highlights key ethical issues such as bias in AI algorithms, privacy concerns, and the societal impact of AI technologies. The study underscores the necessity for robust governance frameworks and international collaboration to address these ethical challenges effectively. It explores the need for ongoing ethical evaluation as AI technologies advance, particularly in autonomous systems. The paper emphasises the importance of integrating ethical principles into AI design from the outset, fostering sustainable practices, and raising awareness through education. Furthermore, the paper examines current regulatory frameworks across various regions, comparing their effectiveness in promoting ethical AI practices. The findings suggest a global consensus on key ethical principles, though their implementation varies widely. By proposing strategies to ensure responsible AI innovation and mitigate risks, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the future of AI ethics, aiming to guide the development of AI technologies that uphold human dignity and contribute to the common good. Research the ethical considerations and societal impacts of AI, focusing on issues like bias in AI algorithms, privacy concerns, or the effect on employment. This can involve a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies.
Scoping review of primary studies evaluating Bovine in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development
Authors: Lizarraga Carlos , Gaxiola Soila M. , Castro del Campo Nohemi , Enriquez-Verduzco Idalia , Rodriguez-Gaxiola Miguel A. , Montero-Pardo Arnulfo , Hernandez-Carreño Pavel E. , Valdez-Ramirez Armando , Diaz Daniel
Published: June 2024

We conducted a scoping review to 1) map and categorize published studies reporting interventions during the in vitro production of Bovine embryos and 2) qualitatively summarize the effects of treatments based on hormones, growth factors, sera, and reproductive fluids during oocyte maturation and embryo development. We searched electronic databases using keywords ('Bovine', 'embryo', 'blastocyst', 'oocyte', 'in vitro', 'quality') derived from the PIOS approach of the PRISMA statement. We identified 231 studies published during 2000−2021, with 133 being published between 2012 and 2021. The 231 studies were classified into four treatment categories: culture conditions (28), medium composition (45), bioactive supplements (79), and other additives (79), with 19 subcategories within these categories. A total of 77 studies included hormones, growth factors, sera, and reproductive fluids, among which 53 studies reported a positive effect on embryo production. Hormone-based treatments using melatonin, gonadotropins, and steroids were the most effective, followed by interventions assessing growth factors such as EGF, FGF, IGF-1, and BMP. These treatments improved oocyte competence, cytoplasmic/nuclear maturation, oocyte quality, and blastocyst development. Although free-serum media and synthetic/alternative products can partially or totally replace serum, it is sometimes necessary even at low concentrations. At high concentrations, hormones or growth factors may have detrimental effects on oocyte nuclear maturation, impair embryo development, and decrease embryo survival. Further meta-analyses are needed to estimate the intervention-specific effects. Future research should focus on interventions that have a positive effect and can be used extensively for Bovine production.
Formulation and Evaluation of by Herbal Facial Scrub Using Exfoliating Agent
Authors: Jadhav Shruti S.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Everyone needs cosmetics in order to live a happy and healthy life. Due to their lack of adverse effects, herbal cosmeceuticals are more in demand right now. People utilize variety to protect their bodies,improve their personalities, &avoid body odour, such as foot powder, lipstick, mouthwash, &complexion treatments. Items intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, sprayed, injected into, &other-wise applied part body order to cleanse, enhance, promote attractive-ness, & alter appearance skin are referred to as skin care preparations. This study presents the formulation and evaluation of a facial scrub, aiming to enhance its efficacy and safety. Various natural and synthetic ingredients were selected based on their exfoliating, moisturizing, and skin-nourishing properties. The formulation process involved blending these ingredients in specific ratios to achieve an optimal balance of efficacy and gentleness. The final formulation underwent rigorous evaluation, including physical characterization, stability testing, irritation potential assessment, and efficacy testing . Results demonstrated the formulation's stability, safety, and effectiveness in promoting skin exfoliation, removing dead cells, and improving overall skin texture. This study contributes valuable insights into the development of facial scrubs with enhanced performance and safety profiles, catering to the growing demand for effective skincare products
Evolution, Challenges, and Opportunities in Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) Industry in India
Authors: Khade Vipin
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) industry has undergone significant evolution since its inception, transforming the construction landscape with its efficiency and reliability. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the RMC industry, tracing its origins, key milestones, and technological advancements. It also examines the challenges facing the RMC sector, including regulatory hurdles, supply chain constraints, and environmental concerns. Furthermore, the paper explores the opportunities for growth and innovation within the RMC industry, such as embracing digitalization, sustainable practices, and market diversification. By understanding the evolution, addressing the challenges, and seizing the opportunities, stakeholders can navigate the dynamic landscape of the RMC industry and drive its continued advancement.
Fire and Climate: Connecting the Dots in British Columbia News Media
Authors: Earle Heather , Gunster Shane
Published: June 2024

Background: Extreme weather events are intensifying with climate change, offering opportunities to raise the public urgency of this issue. The media’s role in communicating this connection is crucial.

Analysis: This article analyzes media coverage of wildfires over a nine-year period in British Columbia focusing on how they are linked to climate change, in particular, during the 2017 and 2018 record-breaking fire seasons.

Conclusion and implications: In media coverage in British Columbia, there is a marked absence of a link between climate change and wildfires and a tendency for connections to be tokenistic, decontextualized, and normalizing. More provocative narratives developed by various public figures that locate wildfires within broader narratives of climate crisis offer more compelling accounts.
Aprimorando Seleções Acadêmicas com Técnicas de Entropia e Método AHP-TOPSIS-2N
Authors: Souza Daniel Soares de , Brom Pedro Carvalho , Oliveira Lucas Santos de , Luchine André Araújo
Published: June 2024

Este artigo explora a otimização de processos seletivos acadêmicos com o apoio de métodos tradicionais e técnicas de modelagem matemática e análise de dados. Através desses métodos e técnicas, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver um processo que melhore a seleção de candidatos, respeitando suas singularidades e subjetividades. O estudo adota uma abordagem exploratória e aplicada, com foco na coleta de dados de processos seletivos de pós-graduação e na implementação de um modelo a ser replicado em outras seleções e em contextos diversos. A metodologia inclui a identificação de critérios relevantes usando o método de entropia, a raspagem automatizada de dados em documentos e a aplicação do método multicritério AHP-TOPSIS-2N. Ao combinar o processo de hierarquização do AHP e a técnica de classificação do TOPSIS, esse método multicritério permite uma análise detalhada e uma classificação justa das alternativas. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a eficácia desses métodos em todo o processo de classificação dos candidatos, com uma avaliação holística e equilibrada. Com a análise de entropia, a qualidade da escrita nas cartas de intenção e nos currículos Lattes foram indicadores cruciais para a aprovação de candidatos, sublinhando a necessidade de critérios rigorosos de avaliação nestes aspectos. O estudo conclui que a integração de técnicas avançadas com métodos tradicionais permite uma avaliação mais holística e precisa dos candidatos, potencializando o processo seletivo em instituições de ensino superior.
Socio-environmental mining conflicts: between women's bodies-territories and disputes in the field of and in the Law
Authors: Maso Tchenna Fernandes , Isaguirre-Torres Katya Regina
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the rights violations and resistance movements of women affected by mining. A literature review relates the extractivisms of the hegemonic development model and its political and legal arrangements with the forms by which large companies appropriate space. The general objective is to demonstrate that rights violations materialize in the body-territory and are faced by women on a daily basis. One of their resistance strategies is the arpilleras, which are embroidered canvases through which women expose their values, and those of the community, and address the problems they face. Between stitches and embroidering, it is our understanding that the women are not only fighting over the place of normative production but also to guarantee their active participation in decision-making spaces. Their actions reveal other epistemes, connecting art and memory produced in the territories in their search for effective political-institutional responses to the violations suffered and to obtain socio-environmental justice.
Comunicação pública em contexto de desinfodemia e crise política: a Fiocruz `no olho do furacão'
Authors: d'Avila Cristiane , Cavalcanti de Aguiar Adriana
Published: June 2024

Interrogamos, na perspectiva da comunicação pública, como a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Brasil) respondeu à COVID-19. A pergunta, feita a profissionais de comunicação da instituição dois anos após o início da pandemia, buscou apurar desafios e elementos de aprendizado institucional e compreender as possibilidades e os limites da comunicação em contexto de desinfodemia e crise política. Pesquisa qualitativa de natureza exploratória realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e, subsidiariamente, uso de fontes documentais indica que a Fiocruz reconhece a comunicação pública (da ciência e da saúde) como processo em construção e fator estratégico e estruturante para a plena implementação de sua Política de Comunicação.
ЁС ЗҮЙН РЕЛЯТИВИЗМ, ТҮҮНИЙ ОНЦЛОГ
Authors: Д Оюунгэрэл , Г Эрдэнэбаяр
Published: June 2024

Энэхүү өгүүлэлд янз бүрийн соёлууд ёс суртахууны өөр өөр кодтой тухай өгүүлнэ. ХХ зууны 40-50-иад оны үед европ болон америкт нийгэм соёлын онол сэтгэлгээнд нэгэн чухал байр суурь бүхий чиглэл орж ирсэн нь соёлын релятивизм байв. Энэ нь улс үндэстэн бүрийн соёлын онцлогийг харгалзан үзэх, зарим ард түмний соёлыг зэрлэг, бүдүүлэг мэтээр доромжилсон агуулгаар хандахгүй байхыг уриалж, евроцентризм нь хэтэрхий явцуурч, туйлширч байгааг шүүмжилж гарч ирсэн. Энэ онолын төлөөлөгчид нь өрөөсгөл байдлаас зайлсхийх, соёл хоорондын ялгаатай байдлыг ойлгох, хүндэтгэлтэй хандах зорилгыг агуулсан ёс зүйн релятивист үзлийг сөргүүлэн тавьсан юм. Ёс зүйн релятивизмыг ойлгох, түүний агуулгыг хүлээн зөвшөөрөх өнцөг хаана байж болох вэ?
АРВАН ФИЛОСОФИЧИЙГ НЭРЛЭЭЧ
Authors: С Бүжинлхам , Э Янжинлхам
Published: June 2024

“Can you name the ten philosophers?” is one of the simplest questions for a philosophy student. Ironically, all it takes to make this question difficult is the addition of one word women. Even though Elena Cornaro Piscopia received her doctorate in philosophy from the University of Padua in Italy in 1678, 300 years ago (Kalnická 2021), we continue to categorize “woman philosopher” and “Asian philosopher who specialized in metaphysics,” implying that these people are extraordinary. In this article, we questioned whether it was necessary to distinguish between men and women in this “modern, civilized democratic society.” To respond to this question, we examined the academic setting in philosophy and considered how gender-related issues are reflected
“ИЛТ НОМЫН САНГААС ЭХТЭЙ ЭРГЭЛЗЭЭГ ТАСДАГЧ ЭРДЭНИЙН ТОДОРХОЙ ЗУЛ” ЗОХИОЛЫН БҮТЭЦ АГУУЛГА, ҮЗЭЛ САНААГ ШИНЖЛЭХ НЬ
Authors: С Дэмбэрэл , Г Эрдэнэбаяр
Published: June 2024

Тус өгүүлэлд буддын гүн ухааны аймаг болох абхидхармын гол эх судруудын үүсэл хөгжил, хувьсалын явцад буй болсон Энэтхэгийн сэтгэгч Васубандхугийн “Абхидхармакоша” зохиолын сэдэв, бүтэц агуулга, үзэл санаа, буддын гүн ухааны бүтээлүүд дотор эдлэх байр суурь, онцлог байдал, ач холбогдлыг тодруулах болно. “Абхидхармакоша” нь буддын танин мэдэхүй, метафизик, космологи, хүний амьдралын зовлон жаргалын асуудал, ёс зүй, хүний сэтгэлийн олон хэв шинжүүд, гэгээрэлд хүрэх зам мөр, бясалгал, билиг оюун зэрэг өргөн сэдвийг хөндсөн зохиол юм. Тиймээс “Абхидхармакоша” зохиол нь Энэтхэг, Төвөд, Монгол, Буриад, Тува, Халимаг, Өвөр Монголын буддын гүн ухааны дацангийн сургалтад чухал гарын авлага болдог. Монголчууд “Абхидхармакоша” шастирт олон тайлбар хийж ирсний нэг нь Эрэн хамба Лувсанцэрэнгийн (1873-1934) “Илт номын сангаас эхтэй эргэлзээг тасдагч эрдэнийн тодорхой зул” хэмээх зохиол болой. Лувсанцэрэн хамбын бүтээл нь буддын гүн ухааны нэр томъёо, ойлголтуудыг тодотгох үүднээс буддын гүн ухааны мэтгэлцээний хэлбэрт оруулан тайлбарлах хэлбэрээр бичигдсэнээрээ онцлог юм.
МОНГОЛЫН БАРУУН БҮС НУТАГ ДАХЬ БУРХАНЫ ШАШНЫ СҮМ ХИЙД, НӨХЦӨЛ БАЙДЛЫН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ
Authors: Ц Пүрэвсүрэн
Published: June 2024

This article examines the historical and current situation of Buddhist temples. However, he raised the issue of newly established and functioning temples in the western region of Mongolia
ОЮУНЫ ҮЙЛ ЯВДЛУУД
Authors: Э Баасандорж
Published: June 2024

Доналд Дэвидсоны "Оюуны үйл явдлууд" өгүүллийн орчуулга.
ФИЛОСОФИ, КОМЕДИ БА САЙН МАТЕРИАЛЫН ХЭРЭГЦЭЭ: КВИЛЛ Р.КУКЛА
Authors: С Бүжинлхам , И Даваадорж
Published: June 2024

Квилл Р.Куклагийн “Философи, комеди ба сайн материалын хэрэгцээ” өгүүллийн орчуулга.
ЛГБТK: ХҮЙСИЙН БОЛОН БЭЛГИЙН ЧИГ БАРИМЖААНЫ АСУУДАЛ ФИЛОСОФИ, ЁС ЗҮЙН ЭРГЭЦҮҮЛЭЛД ХҮРГЭХ НЬ
Authors: Б Мөнхжавхлан , Б Дагзмаа
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the significance of the LGBTQ issue, which encompasses human rights, ethics, society, and existence. Being a sexual minority, this group has historically faced challenges, and their perceptionthroughout history has been influenced by religious and some othetr perspectives. It’simportant to note that within the scope of this evaluation, we neither seek to endorse nor criticize any specific standpoint. However, it is true that in today’s Mongolian society, which upholds the principles of a humane civil democratic society, there is greater openness to the topic of sexual orientation. Nevertheless, this article aims to emphasize the necessity of considering this issue from multiple perspectives and providing a theoretical explanation, as there exist diverseopinions within the public discourse
МОНГОЛЫН ХӨГЖЛИЙН ФИЛОСОФИЙГ БОЛОВСРУУЛЖ БУЙ ҮР ДҮНГ ШИНЖЛЭХ НЬ
Authors: Ц Гомбосүрэн
Published: June 2024

In the introduction (preface) of this article, the author highlights that Mongolian philosophers, who have delved into the philosophy of development in Mongolia, are divided into two main approaches: monist (universalist) and pluralist. The primary focus of this article is to analyze the project formulated by the Mongolian Academy of Science to establish Mongolian development philosophy. Some key findings of this analysis include: This project recommends "development as harmony," which is a practical statement. However, the primary methodology remains rooted in Marxist-Leninist principles and their dialectics within the context of philosophy. The Mongolian Academy of Science advocates for a universal monist perspective. Since the 1990s, the philosophical community, when addressing development[1]related issues, has been reluctant to embrace dialectical principles. However, even the researchers who critically examine development from a dialectic perspective do not adhere faithfully to these principles, as concluded by the author based on certain facts. The author suggests that the development of Mongolian philosophy can be diversified by applying our fundamental principles of pluralism according to our constitution. Polarizing one perspective from these variations is not compatible with pluralism.
Ж.РОУЛС УТИЛИТАРИЗМЫГ ШҮҮМЖИЛСЭН НЬ
Authors: Б Мөнхжавхлан , Б Янжинлхам
Published: June 2024

In this article, the authors compare various ideas regarding the concept of justice. Authors analyze the principles of the theory of justice, elucidate how John Rawls’s views relate to ethics, and clarify the concept of justice as well as the ethical foundations of political philosophy. The article also discusses Rawls’s critique of traditional utilitarian philosophy and how he constructs his theory of justice.
ТОТЕМИЗМ БА МОНГОЛЧУУДЫН ТОТЕМ ШҮТЛЭГ
Authors: С Хишигтогтох
Published: June 2024

Ancient religious forms have been handed down with a proper in the religion and culture of the nation. Traces of ancient religions are preserved even in modern religions. fetishism, magic, totemism, and animism existed In Mongolian religion for centuries. In this article, what is the position of totemism as a cultural phenomenon? In the religion and culture of the Mongolian ethnic group, it is a totem worship animal (wolf), tells how Mongolians represent wolves.
Life course perspectives of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia: Accelerated Cohort Design
Authors: Tadele Afework , Abera Muluemebet , Dheresa Merga
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Every year, millions of induced abortions,
stillbirths, and preterm births occur worldwide. Ethiopia has high rates
of stillbirths and unsafe abortions contribute to maternal deaths.
Preterm births are the leading cause of death among children under five.
Despite interventions, adverse pregnancy outcomes remain prevalent,
especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The life course
perspective is vital for understanding the impact of social factors on
pregnancy outcomes, including early life exposure to famine. This study
aims to explore these relationships in in Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia to
mitigate the burden of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: An
accelerated cohort design utilized to capture all reproductive age
mothers in Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia. A total 7,286 pregnant women with
13,299 complete observations from Kersa Health and Demographic
Surveillance System (HDSS) dataset were analyzed. The generalized linear
mixed-effects model was conducted using STATA version 17.0, specifying
the family as binomial and the link function as logit. Result:
Adverse pregnancy outcomes varied significantly among three distinct
birth cohorts, indicating the impact of early-life famine exposure
throughout the maternal life course. Women who experienced the famine at
birth (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.50, 95%, C.I [1.27,
1.77]), who experienced the famine throughout childhood (AOR = 1.84,
95% C.I [1.40, 2.43]), women who had never attended formal
education (AOR = 1.57, 95% C.I [1.30, 1.90]), those who gave birth
before age of 18 (AOR = 1.44, 95% C.I [1.26, 1.66]), mid-upper arm
circumference less than 21cm (AOR = 2.49, 95% C.I [2.01, 3.09]),
those 21-23cm (AOR = 1.54, 95% C.I [1.32, 1.79]), compared to
greater than 23cm. Conclusion: Adverse pregnancy outcomes
varied significantly among three birth cohorts, indicating the impact of
early-life famine exposure. Factors such as famine at birth or
throughout childhood, lack of formal education, giving birth before age
18, and low mid-upper arm circumference were associated with higher odds
of adverse outcomes. Addressing these factors is crucial for improving
pregnancy outcomes.
Constructing a barrier-free environment for people with autism - based on social integration theory
Authors: Ke Zhou
Published: June 2024

Background China’s barrier-free environment construction lacks
attention to people with autism. Domestic social groups are now
committed to advocating for a barrier-free social integration.
Method Twenty-two staff members work with autism were
interviewed for this study to describe the barrier-free home. Then, the
study analyzed them with social integration theory. Results
Social groups use activities to advocate for accessibility. But, the
advocacy lacks core values and focuses too little on social integration.
It is hard to ‘break the circle’. Accessibility is tied to the level of
economic and social development. There is a big gap between regions. The
system for accessibility is missing and the scene for integration is
broken. Conclusions Barrier-free environment constructionfor
autistic people should be built at three levels: spatial, organisational
and cultural, leading to social integration.
Constitutive and life modelling of a laser powder bed fusion IN718 component for hypersonic flight
Authors: Amaro Robert , Bobo Kristen , Parks William , Looney Christopher , Hagan Zach , Lewis Thomas , Hayden David , Torrespagen Victor , Tucker Jim , Patterson Mark
Published: June 2024

Additively manufactured (AM) IN718, created by use of laser-powder bed
fusion (L-PBF), is one of several candidate materials being pursued for
introduction as components into flight hardware. In an attempt to
certify an AM IN718 component for flight worthiness, a Qualified
Metallurgical Plan, substantially similar to NASA’s
MSFC-SPEC-3717[1](#fn-0002), was implemented to create materials
and components exhibiting both inter-build and intra-build
consistencies. As a function of this work, specimens were created and
tested in monotonic loading, strain-controlled low cycle fatigue, and
force-controlled low cycle fatigue. Data was created by use of specimens
in both machined and as-built conditions and at temperatures up to
400°C. Additionally, test results from specimens having prismatic gage
sections were compared to those having a sharp notch (Kt=3). The test
data was subsequently used to create non-linear combined kinematic and
isotropic constitutive models to aid in the prediction of material
deformation response resulting from hypersonic flight loading conditions
(generally thermo-mechanical fatigue and/or creep-fatigue). Furthermore,
a physics-based life model originally created for single crystal
nickel-based superalloys experiencing thermo-mechanical fatigue was
calibrated for the additively manufactured IN718 material studied here.
Validation and verification tests of specimens experiencing multiple
variations of typical “low-speed” hypersonic flight loading conditions
and boundary conditions indicate that the calibrated life model predicts
the effects of surface finish (machined versus as-built), geometric
discontinuities, varying temperatures, and varying loads well. The
constitutive models were then combined with a finite element solid model
in ABAQUS to aid in the life prediction of flight hardware created as
part of this work.
Fretting fatigue failure analysis of TC4-CFRP riveted single-shear lap joints
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Weng Zhongfeng , Zhao Yue , Li Hechang , Fan Jianfei , Wang He , Xu Yanwei , Peng Jinfang , Zhu Minhao
Published: June 2024

Experimental and numerical methods are used to study the fretting
fatigue failure behaviour of TC4-CFRP riveted single-shear lap joints.
The wear mechanisms between the contact surfaces are analysed using
scanning electron microscope and white-light interference. It is found
that there are two stages during the fatigue tests, where the lap plate
is in partial slip state at low loads and gross slip state at high
loads. Both processes lead to the fretting fatigue failure at the CFRP
surface. Increasing the CFRP thickness results in a significant
extension of fatigue life. However, the surface failure of the CFRP
still occurs. Therefore, the fatigue performance can be improved under
low loads by changing the thickness, whereas high loads require
high-temperature-resistant composite materials.
Two-stage DRG Grouping of Cerebral Infarction based on Comorbidity and Complications Reclassification
Authors: Zeng Siyu , Li Jialing , Yuan Xuan , Guo Chuijiang , Li Yinlan , Fei Ruqian
Published: June 2024

Background：Cerebral infarction（CI）is one of the leading
cause of death in China since 2017, and the growing health care cost of
CI is a huge challenge for the government. Chinese government is hopeful
that the Diagnosis-related groups DRG system will reverse the trend of
rising healthcare costs. However, the use of DRG grouping is challenging
due to China’s large geographical area, unbalanced economic levels, and
differences in disease spectrum. Aim：In this study, we propose
a grouping optimization strategy adapted to different regions based on a
two stage model. The first stage analyzed the comorbidity and
complications (CCs) of CI and constructed a CCs scheme. The second stage
optimize the DRG grouping based on the results of stage 1.
Methods: We used data from a Healthcare Security Administration
of a city in western China. We analyzed healthcare burden trends for
297,757 CI patients from 2011 to 2018, and used the data after DRG
implementation to begin building a two-stage optimization model. We used
regression analysis and decision trees to establish rules for the DRG
classification model for different regions. Results: The
average hospitalization cost was 1,565 US dollars, and the total cost in
City C was 1.71 million US dollars. The classification of CCs in
different regions is the key to optimizing DRG grouping. The two-stage
grouping model can adapt to the needs of different regions. According to
our research, only one city C, 8.15 million dollars would be saved if we
used the CHS-DRG model and 8.71 million dollars would be saved if we
used the two-stage model if we take full control to reduce the medical
cost. according to our research.
EXPLORİNG MOTOR MOVEMENTS AND SWALLOWİNG CHALLENGES İN CASES OF ANAPLASTİC AND MALİGNANT PLEOMORPHİC TRANSFORMATİON WİTH OPTİC INVOLVEMENT: A CLİNİCAL LİTERATURE REVİEW AND FAMİLY CASE STUDY
Authors: Mohsenian Leila , ilkhanipoor Homa , alirezaei arefeh , Aktoklu Mehmet , Biyik mehmet orbay , Pazbidondo Maria , Afshangian Fazlallah
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The type of tumour tissue, especially if the surgical
procedure to be performed may affect sensorimotor functions, movement,
swallowing and motor speech, surgical decision-making and its
consequences for the patient are very important to guide patients
correctly. In patients with the possibility of transformation into
malignant formation, deciding on surgery or follow-up can be a difficult
and uncertain process for both the clinician and the patient. The aim of
this study is to investigate motor movements and swallowing in patients
with the possibility of transformation into anaplastic and malignant
pleomorphic formations, to make a prediction in such patients before
motor functions are impaired, and to manage the uncertain process more
accurately. We conducted an observational study involving 114 patients
diagnosed with both benign and malignant tumors within our village.
Prior to initiating genetic testing, we provided a comprehensive
literature review, which encompassed case series involving four women
and an infant afflicted with optic cancer that influenced motor
movements and swallowing.We found that the type of tumour tissue is very
important for surgical decision-making. This surgery may affect
sensorimotor, movement, swallowing and motor speech. What these possible
consequences mean in terms of the patient’s quality of life and how much
the patient can understand this situation is also a matter of
discussion. For this reason, our aim in tumo resection should be to
remove the containing tumor tissue to the maximum extent possible
without damaging motor speech.However, this study, which includes the
description of histopathological changes and clinical observations
Posture-dependent modulation of interoceptive processing: a heartbeat evoked potential study
Authors: Dohata Mayu , Kaneko Naotsugu , Takahashi Ryogo , Suzuki Yuya , Nakazawa Kimitaka
Published: June 2024

Interoception, the internal perception of bodily states such as
heartbeat and hunger, plays a crucial role in shaping cognitive and
emotional states. Given that postural control affects cognitive and
emotional processing, exploring postural effects on interoception could
help uncover the neural mechanisms underlying its effects on cognition
and emotion. In this study, we aimed to investigate how different
postures affect interoception by using heartbeat-evoked potentials
(HEPs), which are event-related potentials indicative of heartbeat
processing in the cortex. The study included 21 healthy male
participants. They were asked to sit in a chair (sitting condition) and
stand (standing condition) in a relaxed state. Data from 64-channel
electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected.
The EEG data were segmented by the R-wave timing detected from the ECG
data for HEP analysis. HEPs were calculated by focusing on the 350–500
ms post-R-wave interval in the central and temporal brain regions. A
paired t-test was performed to compare HEP amplitudes between the
sitting and standing conditions, revealing significantly lower HEP
amplitudes in the standing condition than those in the sitting condition
(t=2.63, p=0.016, d=0.59). Furthermore, we explored the relationship
between HEP changes and physiological changes such as cardiac activity
and spontaneous EEG, finding no significant correlations
(p>0.05, |r|<0.26). These
findings suggest that the decreased HEP amplitudes observed during
standing reflect attenuated interoceptive processing probably due to a
redistribution of attentional resources from internal to external
sensory processing, necessary for maintaining standing posture. Thus,
postural differences may influence specific neurophysiological processes
linked to interoception.
Research on Nonlinear Control Strategy of Servo System using RBF Neural Network and Composite RISE Control
Authors: Li Yiming , Zhang Zhongchao , Lv Zongsheng , Song Guiqiu
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a nonlinear control strategy that combines RBF
neural network and composite robust integral of the sign of the error
(RISE) control, which is applied to a two-axis servo system. Firstly, an
electromechanical coupling dynamic model is established, considering the
impact of nonlinear factors. Next, the RBF neural network is employed to
approximate the unknown nonlinearities, with the online adjustment of
neural network weights using an adaptive law derived from the Lyapunov
method. Additionally, RISE is utilized to counteract the effects of
uncertain nonlinearity and disturbance on the system. To address the
issue of the “differential explosion” phenomenon, an improved dynamic
surface control strategy is proposed. It replaces the traditional
“first-order filter” with a “third-order filter”. Finally, through
experimental comparisons, it is demonstrated that the proposed control
scheme effectively mitigates the influence of nonlinearity and external
disturbance on the system, leading to higher tracking accuracy.
Research on Persimmon Fruit Diameter Accurate Detection Method Based on Improved RCNN Instance Segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Xia Wenhao , Liu Jiajun , Li Xiaojie , Xu Xiang , Ren Huimin , Zhang Zhi , Zhao Gang
Published: June 2024

Aiming at the problem of inaccurate fruit recognition and fruit diameter
detection in persimmon inspection process, this research proposes a
novel persimmon accurate recognition and fruit diameter detection
algorithm based on the Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN)
Mask and instance segmentation algorithm. The algorithm strategically
targets the object of interest by integrating cropping, morphological
processing, and concave point segmentation modules into the fully
connected layer following the Region of Interest (RoI) feature.
Initially, the algorithm separates the front and back background of the
cropped target object using morphological processing to obtain a
binarized image. Subsequently, concave point segmentation is applied to
address sticking issues arising from overlapping or occlusion between
fruits, while a template matching algorithm helps in image recognition.
The improved instance segmentation algorithm enhances the segmentation
accuracy of the target fruit and reduces the relative error in the fruit
diameter measurement caused by sticking problems during occlusion and
overlap. Notably, compared with the original algorithm, the improved
Mask RCNN instance segmentation algorithm achieves a mean Average
Precision (mAP) of 94.25%, representing an improvement of 8.05%, with
the Mean Intersection-over-Union (MIoU) value increases by 18.5%. The
maximum relative error in fruit diameter measurement is reduced to
1.3%, while the maximum relative error in fruit thickness measurement
is 1.98%, meeting the stringent requirements of orchard inspection.
Overall, the proposed method enhances the precision and accuracy of
fruit diameter detection, offering valuable theoretical and technical
insights for intelligent inspection, yield estimation, fruit detection,
and mechanized picking in the agricultural domain.
Effects of “living high-training low and high” on sleep, heart rate variability and psychological responses in elite female cyclists
Authors: Groslambert Alain , Pirlot Thibaud , Mihailovic Thibaud , Gimenez Philippe , Millet Grégoire , Brocherie Franck , Fruchart Eric , Ravier Gilles , Baron Bertrand , Bouzigon Romain , Guirronnet Sandrine , Brunet Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

“Living High-Training Low and High” (LHTLH) is a training method used
to improve physical performance at sea level. The main concept is based
on the combination of physiological adaptations related to chronic
“Living High-Training Low” altitude residence with additional
“Repeated-Sprint training in Hypoxia” (RSH). While the effects of
hypoxia on psychophysiological responses and heart rate variability
(HRV) are well documented for “Living High-Training High” or “Living
High-Training Low”, there is a lack of knowledge for LHTLH, more
specifically in elite female athletes. The aim of the present study was
to investigate the effects of LHTLH on sleep, HRV, and psychological
responses. Ten elite level female cyclists (mean age: 17.3 ± 1.2 years,
VO2max: 54.9 ± 6.9 ml.min.kg-1) were monitored for 19 days divided into
3 periods: i) normoxia (5 days preceding LHTLH), ii) early
acclimatization phase (day 1 to 4 of LHTLH) and iii) middle
acclimatization (day 5 to 14) performed in hypoxic rooms (FiO2 =
15.09%). Sleep disturbance, sleep architecture, HRV, and psychological
responses (stress, emotions, perseverance of effort and consistency of
interest) were recorded during the 3 periods. The results found that,
during the early acclimatization period, there was no significant
difference in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, latency or waking, but
a significant increase in the level of effort, sleep disturbance,
alterations of HRV and sleep architecture with an increase in stages 1
and 2 of sleep. During the middle acclimatization period, the athletes
had restorative sleep, but HRV remained altered, with an increase in
external tension.
Fearfulness of geese and swans on cropland in winter: a multi-species Flight Initiation Distance approach
Authors: Elmberg Johan , Svensson Elin , Kvarnbäck Elias , Olsson Camilla , Månsson Johan
Published: June 2024

Geese and swans are focal species in conservation and in management
aimed at reducing crop damage. In the former disturbance should be
minimized, and in the latter it is important to know how different
species react to scaring activities. Previous research about trade-offs
between predation risk and foraging in birds often use ‘Flight
Initiation Distance’ (FID) as a proxy to compare fearfulness under
different circumstances and among species. We studied variation in FID
in geese and swans by species, flock size and composition, time of day,
and body size (408 scaring trials on agricultural land in the winters
2018—2021). In single-species flocks mean FID decreased in the order:
bean goose (171 m) > greylag goose (104 m) >
whooper swan (102 m) > Canada goose (92 m) >
barnacle goose (77 m). In line with predictions based on body mass, the
lightest species (barnacle goose) was the least fearful, but contrary to
prediction neither of the two heaviest species (whooper swan, Canada
goose) was the most fearful. FID was negatively correlated with flock
size in bean goose. Flock size and FID did not correlate in greylag,
Canada, and barnacle geese. FID did not differ between morning and
afternoon in the 4 species with a sample of >20
single-species trials. When in multi-species flocks, FID differed less
among species, converging in the 108—138 m range. Accordingly, bean
goose FID decreased significantly whereas it increased significantly in
barnacle and greylag geese. Barnacle goose (protected from hunting by
the EU bird directive) was less fearful than species with an open
hunting season in the EU, implying that exposure to hunting affect
species-specific FID. We show that the level of fearfulness varied among
swan and goose species, making it necessary to adopt diverse strategies
in conservation as well as crop protection.
Habitat Suitability and Distribution Patterns of Rouget’s rail (Rougetius rougetii Guérin-méneville, 1843) in Ethiopia.
Authors: Argaw Hailu Tilahun , Bekele Afework , Atickem Anagaw , Stenseth Nils , Tsegaye Diress , Bogale Bezawork Afework
Published: June 2024

Geographical distribution and diversity patterns of bird species are
influenced by climate change. The Rouget’s rail (Rougetius rougetii) is
a ground-dwelling endemic bird species distributed in Ethiopia and
Eritrea. It is a near-threatened species menaced by habitat loss, one of
the main causes of population declines for bird species. The increasing
effects of climate change may further threaten the species’ survival. So
far, the spatial distribution of this species is not fully documented.
With this study, we develop current potential suitable habitat and
predict the future habitat shift of R. rougetii based on environmental
data such as bioclimatic variables, population density, vegetation
cover, and elevation using ten algorithms. We evaluated the importance
of environmental factors in shaping the bird’s distribution and how it
shifts under climate change scenarios. We used 182 records of R.
rougetii from Ethiopia and nine bioclimatic, population density,
vegetation cover, and elevation variables to run the 10 model
algorithms. Among 10 algorithms, eight were selected for ensembling
models according to their predictive abilities. The current suitable
habitats for R. rougetii were predicted to cover an area of about 82,000
km² despite being highly fragmented. The model suggested that
temperature seasonality (bio4), elevation, and mean daily air
temperatures of the driest quarter (bio9) contributed the most to
delimiting suitable areas for this species. R. rougetii is sensitive to
climate change associated with elevation, leading to a large, shrinking
distribution of suitable areas. The projected spatial and temporal
pattern of habitat loss of R. rougetii suggests the importance of
climate change mitigation and implementing long-term conservation and
management strategies for this threatened endemic bird species.
Geologic exploration activities increase methane emissions from boreal peatlands
Authors: Korsah Percy , Davidson Scott J. , Strack Maria
Published: June 2024

Boreal peatlands serve as long-term carbon (C) sinks as well as a
significant source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. However,
peatlands are threatened by both natural and anthropogenic disturbances
resulting in potential release of large amounts of C to the atmosphere.
Linear disturbances such as seismic lines for oil and gas exploration
constitute the largest area of disturbance in boreal Canada. The impact
of seismic lines on peatland function, such as C cycling and hydrology,
is not very well understood, although physical changes in topography and
lack of tree re-establishment are well documented. This study used the
closed chamber technique to measure growing season understory CH4 fluxes
on the footprint of the seismic line disturbance and in adjacent intact
peatlands and assessed environmental controls on CH4 dynamics across a
poor fen and two wooded bogs near Peace River, AB. Seismic lines were
significantly warmer and wetter providing ideal conditions for increased
CH4 emissions at all sites. Methane emissions relative to natural plots
were almost tripled in the bogs (261- 308 %) and close to double in
fens (176 %). The persistence of the seismic lines and the elevated CH4
emissions is a cause for concern due to CH4 having a higher global
warming potential compared to CO2. Results from this study will
contribute to accurate greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting for anthropogenic
disturbances in boreal peatlands, currently lacking for many disturbance
types, as well as provide a scientific foundation for integrated land
management practices and policies related to peatland restoration.
COMPARING ROBUST OPTIMIZATION APPROACHES FOR ADDRESSING HYDROLOGIC MODEL UNCERTAINTY IN INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING: A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE EXAMPLE
Authors: Smith Jared D. , Quinn Julianne D , Band Lawrence E
Published: June 2024

Water resources planning depends upon hydrologic models to estimate
flows and storage under candidate engineering designs. However, such
models are calibrated with limited flow data relative to the many model
parameters. This may result in different equifinal parameterizations
that imply different optimal designs. To assess if and how this
uncertainty should be considered, we compare three methods for
multi-objective optimization of green infrastructure (GI): one that
designs to the most likely parameterization and two robust alternatives
that use several likely parameterizations with 1) likelihood-weighted
objective functions, and 2) min-max objective functions. To evaluate
these methods, we set synthetic true values for model parameters, use
them to simulate “observed” streamflow, and then use Bayesian
calibration to estimate parametric uncertainty. We compare results from
optimization to the synthetic parameterization against the three
alternatives. The GI optimizations aim to minimize flooding, low flow
intensification, and cost. We find the two robust methods provide
objective values and decisions that are closer to those optimized to the
synthetic truth, demonstrating value in considering hydrologic model
uncertainty in water resources system designs.
Strain localization and deformation mechanisms in melt-/fluid-bearing UHP eclogites: Implications for exhumation dynamics
Authors: Chen Zhe , Wang Lu , Brown Michael , Johnson Tim E.
Published: June 2024

Melt/fluid evolution processes are important in determining the
rheological behavior of lithosphere subducted to and exhumed from
ultrahigh-pressure (UHP), controlling the flow of lithospheric material,
the generation of melts from the upper mantle, and potentially
contributing to magmatism and growth of the continental crust. In these
circumstances, determining the controls on deformation mechanisms of
deeply subducted eclogite is crucial to understanding exhumation
dynamics of UHP terranes. However, few studies are reported on the
multi-stage evolution of microstructures in natural eclogites exhumed
along the same retrograde P-T-t path, particularly in the
presence of supercritical fluid or melt.

Recently, evidence of melt-fluid events within UHP eclogite has been
reported from the Sulu belt, China. The eclogite was deformed by
multiple stages of folding associated with two phases of melt/fluid
evolution during exhumation: Dehydroxylation of nominally anhydrous
minerals produced a supercritical fluid in the early stage of exhumation
from UHP conditions, and then, omphacite-breakdown melting during the
late stage of exhumation from HP conditions.

Here, we present a microstructural analysis of UHP eclogite from
different structural zones in single outcrops from Yangkou and Taohang,
in the Sulu belt. These eclogites preserve assemblages formed at
different metamorphic stages controlled by strain partitioning or
located in same structural position but affected by different degrees of
melt/fluid modification. Results show that deformation mechanisms switch
from overall brittle to ductile with increased melt/fluid mobility.
Omphacite fabrics change from S to L type, corresponding to progressive
enhancement of strain associated with melt/fluid migration from early
fold hinges, to fold limbs and then to strain-localized shear zones.

We conclude that strain partitioning and inherited HO
content of UHP rocks control fluid distribution, and influence
subsequent microfabrics, deformation mechanisms, partial melting, and
retrogression at different structural locations during exhumation. These
variations can play critical roles in reducing strength of eclogite and
thus contribute to rheological heterogeneities in convergent settings at
UHP conditions, potentially enhancing exhumation.