bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GIS-Based Platform for Disease Mapping and Hotspot Detection in Southern Malawi
Authors: Tobias Chitani Jarves Bob , Mwanza Brave
Published: July 2024

Geographic information systems (GIS) are critical for mapping the geographical distribution of illness prevalence, disease transmission patterns, and spatially modeling environmental elements of disease occurrence. This study was purposively to map and cluster five diseases such as cholera, diabetes, malaria, asthma and hypertension using GIS techniques in Southern Malawi. Getis-Ord Gi* statistic was used to determine spatial distribution of diseases. Data were acquired from Malawi Demographic Health Survey (DHS) and assessed geographically using spa-tial-statistical analytical techniques, including the kernel and hotspot models. These models were developed to investigate and exhibit the dissimilar patterns of the selected diseases, as well as to depict places of high concentration, and they may be useful in understanding local patterns of diseases and their geographical correlations. The study found that asthma is high in Mangochi, Balaka, Blantyre, Thyolo, Mulanje, Chikwawa and Nsanje districts. It was also revealed that hypertension patients were highly concentrated in Blantyre, Thyolo, Chikwawa, Zomba, Mangochi and Nsanje Districts. Mangochi, Phalombe, Nsanje and Chikwawa are high risk areas of Malaria and diabetes is highest in Blantyre. Cholera is high in Mangochi, Balaka, Blantyre, Thyolo, Mu-lanje, Chikwawa and Nsanje districts.
Geomagnetic Field Measurements based Adaptive Cubature H-infinity Filter for Microsatellite Autonomous Orbit Estimation
Authors: Li Zhaoming , Yang Xinyan , Li Lei , Liao Yurong
Published: July 2024

To address the issue of reduced orbit estimation accuracy resulting from discrepancies between in-orbit measured geomagnetic field values and IGRF model values in autonomous orbit estimation of microsatellites based on geomagnetic field measurements, this study introduces an adaptive cubature H-infinity filtering algorithm. Firstly, it presents the low-altitude orbital dynamics model and geomagnetic field measurement model for microsatellites. Subsequently, within the adaptive cubature H-infinity filtering algorithm, a spherical simplex rule and a second-order Gaussian-Legendre quadrature criterion are employed to compute the spherical surface integral and radial integral. Additionally, a spherical simplex-radial quadrature rule is proposed to enhance the approximation accuracy of nonlinear Gaussian weighted integrals. Furthermore, by integrating extended H-infinity filtering based on game theory with the cubature quadrature rule, an inverse proportional relationship between constraint level and filtering innovation is established. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the constraint level to enhance robustness against model errors. Finally, through semi-physical simulation experiments, it is demonstrated that compared with traditional algorithms, the proposed algorithm improves autonomous orbit estimation position accuracy of microsatellites by 7.49%, while also enhancing velocity accuracy by 3.1%, thus validating its effectiveness.
The Role of Porcelain Veneers in The Aesthetic Restoration of Discolored Endodontically Treated Teeth.
Authors: Galiatsatos Panagiotis , Galiatsatos Aristidis
Published: July 2024

Discoloration of endodontically treated teeth poses a significant aesthetic concern for many individuals, impacting their confidence and self-image. Ceramic veneers have emerged as a popular solution for the aesthetic restoration of such teeth. This paper explores the role of ceramic veneers in addressing tooth discoloration, examining their efficacy, durability, and aesthetic outcomes, via a clinical case. Various factors influencing the selection of ceramic veneers as a treatment modality, including shade matching, preparation techniques, and adhesive bonding, are discussed. Additionally, advancements in materials and techniques have enhanced the versatility and aesthetic appeal of ceramic veneers, making them a valuable option for achieving natural-looking and durable aesthetic restorations in individuals with discolored endodontically treated teeth.
Loss of PPARγ Expression and Signaling Is a Key Feature of Cutaneous Actinic Disease and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association With Tumor Stromal Inflammation
Authors: Konger Raymond L , Xuei Xiaoling , Derr-Yellin Ethel , Fang Fang , Gao Hongyu , Liu Yunlong
Published: July 2024

Given the importance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma in epidermal inflammation and carcinogenesis, we analyzed transcriptomic changes observed in epidermal PPARγ deficient mice (Pparg-/-epi). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a close association with epithelial malignancy, inflammatory cell chemotaxis and cell survival. Single cell sequencing of Pparg-/-epi mice verified changes to the stromal compartment, including increased inflammatory cell infiltrates, particularly neutrophils and an increase in fibroblasts expressing myofibroblast marker genes. A comparison of transcriptomic data from Pparg-/-epi and publicly available human and or mouse actinic keratoses (AK) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) revealed strong correlation between the datasets. Importantly, PPAR signaling was the top common inhibited canonical pathway in AK and SCC. Both AKs and SCCs also had significantly reduced PPARG expression and PPARγ activity z-scores. Smaller reductions in PPARA expression and PPARα activity and increased PPARD expression but reduced PPARδ activation were also observed. Reduced PPAR activity was also associated with reduced PPARα/RXRα activity while LPS/IL1-mediated inhibition of RXR activity was significantly activated in the tumor datasets. Notably. these changes are not observed in normal sun-exposed skin relative to non-exposed skin. Finally, Ppara and Pparg were heavily expressed in sebocytes while Ppard was highly expressed in myofibroblasts, suggesting a role for PPARδ in myofibroblast differentiation. In conclusion, these data indicate PPARγ and possibly PPARα represent key tumor suppressors by acting as master inhibitors of the inflammatory changes found in AKs and SCCs.
MRI Investigation of Kidneys, Ureters and Urinary Bladder in Rabbits
Authors: Dimitrov Rosen Stefanov , Stamatova-Yovcheva Kamelia Dimcheva , Georgiev Georgi Ivanov
Published: July 2024

Twelve clinically healthy and sexually mature New Zealand White rabbits were studied. The non-contrast imaging included T1-weighted and T2-weighted spin echo and gradient echo sequences in transverse, sagittal and dorsal planes. Transverse MRI (Т2-weighted image) through L1 demonstrated only the right kidney. The transverse T2-weighted image through L2 showed both kidneys. The cranial part of the urinary bladder on T1-weighted transverse scans through L4 was flexed to the left. The T2-weighted sagittal image 30 mm to the right of the median plane showed the right kidney, the right ureter and the urinary bladder. The T2-weighted sagittal image 30 mm to the left of the median plane showed part of the left kidney, the left ureter and the urinary bladder. The T2-weighted sagittal image 45 mm to the left of the median plane presented the lateral part of the left kidney. The dorsal MRI image (Т2-weighted sequence) through the horizontal plane 30 mm ventral to the spine demonstrated the whole organs. The data will be useful in imaging anatomy and diagnostic studies of various pathologies of the excretory system in rabbits and other mammalian species.
A 21-Years-Old Man with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Dystonia: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Putri Puspita Sari Sugiyarto , Mirawati Diah Kurnia , Hutabarat Ervina Arta Jayanti
Published: July 2024

Background: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with dystonia is a rare case. Seizures and movement disorders have almost the same phenomenology, so it is often difficult to distinguish them. In this study, we report a unique case of MTLE and co-occurring dystonia.
Case: A 21 years old male with complaints of seizures since 4 years ago. Seizures of one body jerking and drooling with a duration of less than 5 minutes. Prior to the seizure the patient was nauseous then vomited and followed by an empty mind, after the seizure the patient was confused. The patient also complained of unconscious movements in his right hand since 8 years ago. The movements disappeared when the patient slept. Physical examination revealed dystonic movement with a sensory trick on the right hand. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with contrast showed bilateral hippocampal atrophy accompanied by left hippocampal sclerosis. Blood laboratory results, electroencephalography, and neurobehavior examination were within normal limits..
Discussion: MTLE can be caused by mutations in SCN1A, VPS13A, C90RF72, or TDP 43. Dystonia can be caused by mutations in SCN1A, TUBB4A, TOR1A, THAP1, or GNAL. SCN1A causes an increase in sodium influx, causing depolarization which causes clinical manifestations in the form of seizures and dystonia. For some disorders, although genetic causes have been identified, the molecular pathophysiology remains largely unknown, requiring further research.
Conclusion: For some disorders, although genetic causes have been identified, the molecular pathophysiology remains largely unknown, requiring further research.
The application of organic liquid fertilizer C. glomerata and NPK Phonska to enhance agronomic efficiency in maize cultivation on Alluvial soil
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Aguswanto Aguswanto , Ediwirman Ediwirman , Sunadi Sunadi , Novia Prima
Published: July 2024

Fertilization is crucial in maize cultivation, and inorganic fertilizers can be expensive. Therefore, it is essential to provide alternative fertilizers to reduce dependence on inorganic fertilizers. This study investigated the role of organic liquid fertilizer C. glomerata (OLFC) in increasing the efficiency of NPK Phonska fertilizer, influencing soil chemical reactions, and enhancing the growth and yield of maize on alluvial soils. The materials used were hybrid maize of the Pioneer 32, OLFC, and NPK Phonska (15-15-15). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial. The OLFC was applied at 0 mL L-1, 5 mL L-1, and 10 mL L-1; NPK Phonska Fertilizer at 0, 150, and 300 kg ha-1 in three replications. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA at 5%. Level of significance and mean separation using the LSD at 5% probability. The following parameters were evaluated: soil chemical properties and agronomic factors, such as the height of crop, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, weight of 100 seeds, yield, and agronomic efficiency (AE). The highest maize yield recorded was 4.83 tons per hectare, achieved by applying 150 NPK Phonska kg per hectare, supported by a fertilization efficiency of 11.28%. Adding 5 mL per liter of OLFC every two weeks to maize plants resulted in the highest AE, reaching 21.81%.
Lala Mustafa Paşa’nın Hanımı Fatma Hatun Vakıfları
Authors: Doğan Şahin
Published: July 2024

Son Memlük Sultanı Kansu Gavri’nin (1440?-1516) oğlu Muhammed Bey’in kızı olan Fatma Hatun, Osmanlı Devleti’nin 16. yüzyıldaki önemli devlet adamlarından, Kıbrıs Fatihi olarak bilinen Lala Mustafa Paşa (1507?-1580) ile evlenmiştir. Annesinin de ismi Şakrâ Fatma olup, dedesi uzun süre Şam valisi olan Emir Sîbâî’dir. Anne ve baba tarafından zengin, köklü bir aileye sahip olduğundan doğal olarak büyük bir servetin mirasçısı olmuştur. Atalarından kendisine intikal etmiş birçok mülkünü Kudüs’ün 75 kilometre kuzeyinde bulunan Cenin şehrinde inşa ettirmiş olduğu cami, imaret, hamam, tekke, misafir odaları ile Şam’ın girişinde bulunan su kuyuları, abdesthane ve evlerin giderlerine vakfetmiştir. Kurmuş olduğu vakıf hakkındaki malumatın edinildiği temel kaynak ise Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi’nde 747 numaralı defterin 221. sırasında ve 304. sayfasında kayıtlı olan vakfiye suretidir. Vakfiye, 3 Temmuz 1567 tarihli olup, Lala Mustafa Paşa’ya verilen vekaletle kayıt altına aldırılmıştır. Fatma Hatun’un kurmuş olduğu vakıf, yarı hayri ve yarı ailevi bir vakıftır.
Inclusion of Sex and Gender to Improve the State of the Science in Women’s Health
Authors: Temkin Sarah M. , Clayton Janine Austin
Published: July 2024

The influence of sex and gender-related factors on health and disease at all levels of scale, across all health conditions, and throughout the entire life course is increasingly clear. A series of policies instituted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that require researchers to include appropriate populations and to analyze the data accordingly have strengthened the evidence base around the health of women. Translating these advances to the entire research ecosystem can catalyze rigorous biomedical discovery that can improve health. We encourage journals, publishers, and funders to align their policies and expectations regarding sex and gender considerations in research with those of the NIH and other international funding agencies.
RESERVA MARINA GALÁPAGOS
Authors: Vásquez Salinas Bernarda Michelle
Published: July 2024

The “Galapagos Islands” represent a unique ecosystem in the world, home for an internationally recognized mega diversity. The islands have two protected areas: the “Galapagos National Park” and the “Galapagos Marine Reserve”, considered one of the most ecologically rich areas. Over the years, there has been legal, environmental and social recognition of the islands, which is a great step towards their protection, although this does not mean that they are not facing major challenges.
SOLUCIONES BASADAS EN INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL PARA EL DESARROLLO DE NEGOCIOS EN ENTORNOS PORTUARIOS
Authors: Alonso Medina Pablo , Sanz Sáiz Ricardo
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming numerous sectors, including the port industry. This article addresses how AI-based solutions can revolutionize business development in port environments, providing significant competitive advantages. The state of the art reveals that ports face increasing challenges in terms of operational efficiency, resource optimization, and competitiveness. In this context, AI emerges as a powerful tool capable of analyzing large volumes of data and making informed decisions.The content of the article is structured into several key sections. First, it explores the competitive advantages offered by AI in the port sector, such as resource optimization, strategic decision-making, improved security, environmental sustainability, and customer experience. Specific applications such as predictive analytics, process automation, and route optimization are discussed. Case studies of ports that have successfully implemented AI technologies, such as the Port of Rotterdam, the Port of Hamburg, and the Port of Singapore, are presented to illustrate the benefits obtained and the challenges overcome.The development of the research focuses on the algorithms and analysis techniques used, including machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing. Various applications in the port sector are analyzed, from facility pre-design and space optimization to Capex and Opex estimations and business generation capacity. AI is also used to improve operational efficiency and optimize investments and costs.The conclusions emphasize that, although the adoption of AI presents challenges, such as the need for advanced technological infrastructure and continuous staff training, the potential benefits are significant. AI enables ports to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, increase security and sustainability, and offer better services to customers. Finally, recommendations for the successful implementation of AI solutions are proposed, emphasizing the importance of detailed strategic planning, collaboration with technology partners, and adequate staff training.article is to provide an extensive comparison of some of them, showing their similarities and also their regulatory differences, as well as possible gaps and inconsistencies.
Direct measurement of topologically protected nontrivial phononic edge states
Authors: Gao Peng , Liu Fachen , Li Jiangxu , Shi Ruochen , Tang Jilin , Huang Szuyu , Han Bo , Bai Tianqi , Du Jinlong , Liu Jiaxi , Peng Hailin , Liu Zhongfan , YU Dapeng , Chen Xing-Qiu , Liu Kaihui
Published: July 2024

Topological phonons associated with nontrivial edge states open a new avenue to explore interesting quasi-particles excitations and manipulate phonon transportations. Although kinds of topological phonons associated with their promising device applications have been theoretically predicted, experimentally observing nontrivial edge states is still absent owing mainly to the challenges in simultaneously achieving sufficient sensitivity and space, momentum, and energy resolutions for detecting the highly localized edge phonon mode. Here, with delicately balanced space and momentum resolutions of electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we realize the direct observation of topologically nontrivial phononic edge states of graphene in momentum and real space. Two types of two-fold degenerate edge states, induced respectively by Dirac point and nodal ring, are explicitly observed at the Brillouin zone boundary M point, and highly localized at the edge in real space, which are in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions. The verification of topological phononic edge states and the demonstrated detection method are crucial to the field of topological phonons, promoting quasiparticles-phonon coupling explorations, thermal transportation studies, and novel phonon device developments.
Detection of Schistosoma haematobium cercaria in Bulinus truncatus snails from contaminated areas in Iran
Authors: Rahdar Mahmoud , Vazirianzadeh Babak , Kardooni Tahereh , Vazirian Parviz , Kalantri Hamid
Published: July 2024

Background
After malaria, schistosomiasis is the second parasitic disease that causes death in the human population. Despite progress in control of infectious disease in the world, schistosomiasis still exists as an important health problem in many developing countries. Based on the extent of health measures taken in endemic countries, disease control has been done with varying degrees of success. The disease control and eradication program in Iran, as one of the infected countries, started in 1961 and continues until now. The last case of the disease was reported in 2001 and so far no positive case has been reported in Iran. Despite this issue, the offices related to the disease control program are still looking for contamination in the snail population and humans. Considering Iran's neighborhood with Iraq and the increase in tourist and pilgrimage traffic between the two countries, the risk of disease reappearance should always be kept in mind.
Methods
In this research, 400 samples of Bulinus truncatus snails were collected from different areas of endemic areas and were examined microscopically and PCR for the presence of Schistosoma haematobium cercaria.
Results
One percent of the samples were infected with Schistosoma sp cercaria, which were not related to Schistosoma haematobium by molecular PCR test.
Conclusion
Considering Iran's proximity to Iraq, the presence of suitable intermediate hosts in the region, and traffic between the two countries, the population of snails and humans should always be investigated in terms of Schistosoma contamination.
Infection intensity and severity of Ranavirus transmission in juvenile wood frogs
Authors: Rayle Maya , Brunner Jesse , Dahrouge Nicole , Keller Erin , Rittenhouse Tracy
Published: July 2024

Ranaviruses are responsible for mass die offs of wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles. What happens in between epidemics is less clear, but juvenile (metamorphosed) stages are hypothesized to move Ranaviruses among wetlands and introduce or reintroduce these viruses into wetlands, initiating new outbreaks. A key question is under what circumstances can juvenile L. sylvaticus infect susceptible conspecifics. We examined Ranavirus transmission between juvenile L. sylvaticus in two settings: First, we measured transmission from a Ranavirus-infected frog to a co-housed susceptible frog via direct contact over a range of exposure periods. Second, we measured indirect transmission to susceptible frogs from a contaminated environment after a range of waiting times (i.e., from when the infected frog was removed to when the susceptible frog was exposed to the environment). We present evidence that juvenile frogs directly transmitted Ranavirus to susceptible frogs in all exposure periods (99.2% infected), with as little as one hour of co-housing resulting in 95.8% of susceptibles infected. Indirectly, 96.8% of susceptible frogs became infected after as long as 48-hour waiting times. Neither exposure period nor wait times influenced the probability of infection, because these probabilities are already high. In our linear regression models, viral load was best predicted by exposure period and cohort for the direct contact experiment, while wait time and the paired infective frog viral load best predicted viral load for the indirect contact experiment. Collectively, our results suggest that Ranavirus transmission readily occurs between recently metamorphosed wood frogs and via terrestrial environmental exposure.
Synthesis of the aureus nano-silica utilizing acid orange 7 for strengthening and coloring fluororubber
Authors: Qiu Zhangyan , Gao Junchang , Wu Yadong , Wang Lingfeng , Bai Zhukang , Wei Yili , Shen Ping , Zhang Yiwen , Tan Wenjie , Jin Huile
Published: July 2024

Fluororubber (FKM) has an important application in the industrial field. However, the coloring problem of FKM has always affected the performance of its mechanical properties. Herein, a novel silicon dioxide (SiO2) colored with acid orange 7 (AO7) was prepared by sol-gel method to ameliorate the mechanical properties and coloring property of FKM. Acid orange silica sol was prepared by adding AO7 to sodium silicate solution, and then colored SiO2-AO7 was prepared by freeze drying. The effects of SiO2-AO7 modified FKM on mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and coloring were systematically studied. The results show that SiO2-AO7 has the advantage of enhancing the mechanical properties of FKM without affecting its color appearance. Relative to the unmodified FKM, the tensile strength and modulus at 300% elongation saw enhancements of 47.2% and 21.8% respectively. The SiO2-AO7 offers exceptional coloration and mechanical reinforcement, showing strong suitability for industrial application.
Sex-Based Differences in Biomechanical Function for Chronic Low Back Pain and how it Relates to Pain Experience
Authors: Archibeck Erin S. , Strigo Irina , Scheffler Aaron , Torres-Espin Abel , Khattab Karim , Silvestros Pavlos , Matthew Robert P. , Regan Caitlin , Hodges Paul , O’Neill Conor , Lotz Jeffrey C. , NA REACH Investigators , O’Connell Grace D. , Bailey Jeannie F.
Published: July 2024

This study examined sex-based differences in biomechanical function and pain experience of individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP). The significant variability in biomechanical function among patients with chronic LBP underscores the importance of developing a novel mathematical method to quantify full body movement, rather than relying on individual parameters from biomechanical analyses. This method was used to examine a patient-specific factor, biological sex, that may inform motion heterogeneity among LBP patients. The results highlighted significant biomechanical sex-based differences in patients with LBP during the sit-to-stand dynamic transition, which was largely driven by variations in trunk movement. Males showed increased biomechanical impairment compared to females, although there was no sex-based difference in total time. Further, measuring pressure pain threshold highlighted lower pain sensitivity in males compared to females. There was a weak but significant negative association between pressure pain thresholds and biomechanical function for males, while females lacked an association. Possible explanations include reduced interoceptive awareness or increased kinesiophobia in males, which may influence movement patterns. This research is an initial step in uncovering the complex relationship between patient-specific factors influencing LBP disability, laying the groundwork for further exploration, and paving the way for improving outcomes with patient-specific treatments.
Investigation into the Flexural Performance of Novel Precast Sandwich Wall Panels
Authors: Dai Chunquan , Hou Mingfa , Huang Ming , Yu Haiyang
Published: July 2024

The paper focuses on investigating a novel sandwich panel, which incorporates extruded polystyrene foam boards (XPS) placed between the inner and outer concrete panels. These are connected using various types of shear connectors to achieve a composite action, meeting the bending resistance requirements. To study the structural performance of the sandwich panels, three representative specimens were designed. These specimens employed different types of shear connectors, namely, steel truss connectors with inclined bars at 45°, and GFRP connectors with inclined bars at 45° and 30°, respectively. The specimens underwent full-scale testing using a step-by-step four-point loading method. The test results indicated shear-compression failure of the specimens, exhibiting consistent failure modes across all specimens, and a composite action in resisting bending moments. Based on theoretical stress-strain diagrams and considering the slip phenomenon between the concrete panel and the connectors, this paper establishes an analytical model. It can reasonably estimate the ultimate load-carrying capacity of sandwich insulation panels under shear-compression failure, which has implications for subsequent engineering applications.
Experimental Study on improved method of electroosmosis combined with magnetic field
Authors: Xu Chaoyang , Zhou Jian , Jiang Yicheng , Zhu Zeming , Tao Yanli
Published: July 2024

Optimizing electroosmotic efficiency through enhanced electrochemical reactions has garnered significant attention in recent research. This study pioneers the integration of magnetic field technology within electroosmosis framework to reduce interface resistance and improve efficiency, deriving its theoretical basis from comprehensive magnetoelectrochemical studies. Experiments confirm a substantial effect of magnetic fields, pinpointing the anode as the optimal location for application. Specifically, the magnetic field drastically lowers interface resistance and sustains a high current, facilitating increased electrochemical reaction rates. This improvement is theoretically linked to the Lorentz force generated by the perpendicular intersection of magnetic and electric fields, enhancing ion convection and mass transfer across the soil-electrode interface, a process often hindered by low-permeability soils. Further analysis on the drainage enhancement demonstrates the ability of the anode-arranged magnetic field to significantly increase the drainage capacity and reduce treatment time. Electrochemical parameter analysis corroborates this ability to accelerate the drainage rate by its impact on the electrochemical reactions. In terms of energy consumption, analysis was conducted from multiple perspectives such as interface energy consumption, total energy consumption, and energy utilization rate, proving that strategic placement of a magnetic field at the anode significantly optimizes energy dynamics within the electroosmosis process. Additionally, the deployment of reusable permanent magnets promotes sustainability and cost-effectiveness. These advancements collectively contribute to the potential of magnetic field-assisted electroosmosis in engineering applications. While these developments represent substantial progress, there remains room for deeper exploration. Future research is projected to delve into the intricacies of magnetic field mechanisms and the refinement of design parameters to fortify their application in engineering practices.
Fast adaptive super-resolution lattice light-sheet microscopy for rapid, long-term, near-isotropic subcellular imaging
Authors: Li Dong , Qiao Chang , Li Ziwei , Wang Zongfa , Lin Yuhuan , Liu Chong , Zhang Siwei , Liu Yong , Feng Yun , Wang Xinyu , Dong Xue , Guo Jiabao , Jiang Tao , Wang Qinghua , Dai Qionghai
Published: July 2024

Lattice light-sheet microscopy (LLSM) provides a crucial observation window into intra- and inter-cellular physiology of living specimens with high speed and low phototoxicity, however, at the diffraction-limited resolution or anisotropic super-resolution with structured illumination. Here we present the meta-learning-empowered reflective lattice light-sheet virtual structured illumination microscopy (Meta-rLLS-VSIM), which instantly upgrades LLSM to a near-isotropic super resolution of ∼120-nm laterally and ~160-nm axially, more than twofold improvement in each dimension, without any modification of the optical system or sacrifice of other imaging metrics. Moreover, to alleviate the tremendous demands on training data and time necessitated by existing deep-learning (DL) methods, we devised an adaptive online training approach by synergizing the front-end imaging system and back-end meta-learning framework, which reduced the total time for data acquisition and model training down to tens of seconds. With this method, a new model can be well-trained with tenfold less data and three orders of magnitude less time than current standard supervised learning. We demonstrate the versatile functionalities of Meta-rLLS-VSIM by imaging a variety of bioprocesses with ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution for long duration of hundreds of multi-color volumes, characterizing the dynamic regulation of contractile ring filaments during mitosis and the growth of pollen tubes, and delineating the nanoscale distributions, dispersion, and interaction pattern of multiple organelles in embryos and eukaryotic cells.
Development and growth of fasciae in and around the esophageal hiatus: a histological study using human fetuses
Authors: Hirano-Kawamoto Ai , Honkura Yohei , Murakami Gen , Abe Shin-ichi , Rodríguez-Vázquez Jose Francisco , Katori Yukio
Published: July 2024

Purpose
An entire fascial configuration at the esophageal hiatus might not be demonstrated histologically. According to observations of human fetus histology, the aim of this study was to consider which factor is likely to make the individual variation in adults.
Methods
We observed frontal histological sections containing the esophageal hiatus from 12 midterm fetuses at 12–16 weeks (crown-rump length:CRL, 85–137 mm) and 10 near-term fetuses at 26–30 weeks (CRL, 214–250 mm).
Results
At midterm, the inferior fascia of diaphragm turned upward to join the adventitia of the esophagus, but the superior fascia was underdeveloped. At near-term, both the inferior and superior fasciae often joined the adventitia in the left side but not in the right side. Fascial development advanced in the left side of the hiatus. The pleural recess as well as the upward protruding right crus of diaphragm was likely to disturb the fascial connection especially in the superior side. The foregut-midgut junction, suggested with cytokeratin 5/6 immunostaining, was located in the hiatus.
Conclusion
The phreno-esophageal membrane, interposed between the superior and inferior fasciae of diaphragm and the adventitia of esophagus, seemed to be established first in the left side at near-term. The delayed growth in the right side might connect to individual differences in adults.
Spatial Distribution of Energy Stations and Monitoring of Air Quality in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Authors: Kponi Barinedum Valentine , Enyinda Chike , Kpang MeeluBari Barinua
Published: July 2024

This study examines the geospatial locations of energy stations within Port-Harcourt Aba expressway to ascertain their locations if it conforms to standard practice. It also took into cognizance the in-situ monitoring of the various air pollutants within the vicinity of the energy stations. The study location is in Obio/Akpor and Port Harcourt city Local Government Area, Rivers State. The result of the proximity analysis reveals that the energy stations do not fall within the standard of 15metres specified by DPR (Department of Petroleum Resources). The various pollutants examined are PM 10, PM 2.5, carbon monoxide (Co), Nitrogen Dioxide (No2), ground level ozone (O3), and sulphur dioxide (S02). The result reveals that their concentrations values fall within the permissible limit as specified by NESREA except (C02) which is the primary pollutant was extremely highly than the permissible limit of 400 (ppm). This can be attributed to the influx of vehicles that buys fuel from the energy stations. The concentration of (C02) poses a serious health effect on the pump attendants due to their constant inhaling of the pollutants. The study concludes that energy stations should be cited at the approved DPR standard of (15metres) and actionable measures should be put in place to aid in the reduction of CO2 within the energy stations. Finally, the study recommends that there should be strict compliance to DPR standard in the siting of energy stations.
A Secure and Lightweight Data Sharing Scheme in Vehicular Digital Twin Network
Authors: Li Guanjie , Luan Tom H. , Zheng Jinkai , Hu Dihao , Cao Jie , Wu YaLun
Published: July 2024

The vehicular digital twin network (VDTN) comprises digital twins (DTs) that enable seamless communication and data transmission. This network effectively maps the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) into cyberspace, facilitating stable and efficient data sharing for corresponding physical vehicles (PVs). However, the open channels in cyberspace pose a vulnerability to malicious attacks on the data sharing process. Additionally, there is a possibility of legitimate but dishonest DTs transmitting unreliable data. To tackle these challenges, we propose a secure and lightweight data sharing scheme for VDTN in this paper, which can align with the characteristics of DTs serving as virtual agents for PVs. First, we design a trust-based attribute-matching mechanism to filter out unqualified DTs in advance. Furthermore, we develop a batch-supporting identity authentication and key negotiation protocol based on proxy signatures to ensure the security of shared data among DTs in VDTN. Security analysis demonstrates the scheme's diverse security functionalities, while performance analysis confirms its efficiency in terms of computation and communication overhead.
Association between Lifetime Endogenous Estrogen Exposure and Body Composition Metrics in Postmenopausal Women: Findings from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Rashidi Elahe , Tehrani Fahimeh Ramezani , Valizadeh Majid , Niroomand Mahtab , Mahdavi Maryam , Farahmand Maryam , Abiri Behnaz , Azizi Fereidoun , Hosseinpanah Farhad
Published: July 2024

Background
The role of endogenous estrogen exposure (EEE) in shaping body composition and its implications for cardiometabolic health remain understudied despite its potential significance. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between EEE and body composition indices among postmenopausal women.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), including 960 women aged over 40 years. EEE was calculated based on reproductive events, and participants were categorized into tertiles. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were assessed using standardized protocols. Linear regression models were employed to evaluate associations, adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
It was revealed significant differences in body composition indices across EEE tertiles, with increasing EEE associated with decreased fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, and fat-free mass. Moreover, women with higher EEE exhibited lower anthropometric and body composition measurements compared to those with lower EEE, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Specifically, for each year of increasing EEE, fat mass decreased by 0.12 kg, skeletal muscle mass by 0.04 kg, fat-free mass by 0.07 kg, and fat mass ratio decreased by 0.003. Comparing tertiles, women with the highest EEE demonstrated significantly lower anthropometric and body composition measurements compared to those with the lowest EEE.
Conclusion
These findings suggest a link between EEE and favorable changes in body composition, highlighting the importance of considering reproductive history in health assessment.
Landslide hazard zone mapping Using Geospatial Technologies: A Case Study of Duna Wereda Hadiya Zone, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Dinkineh , Kebede Tariku , Dessalgn Adama , Chalichisa Aster
Published: July 2024

The main purpose of this study is to assess landslide hazard zones for Duna wereda by using Geospatial technology. The causative factors considered to landslide analysis in the area was, slope, aspect, distance from water, soil type, land use land cover and Elevation. Analytical Hierarchy Processes the weight of each factor were calculated and assigned in GIS. To add these factors and produce landslide hazard map weighted linear combination was, used.by using IDRIS software. Thus, by using obtained weight value Landslide hazard map prepared was, categorized in to high, low and very low hazard zone. Therefore the result of the study revealed that the area coverage of the level of landslide risk very low and high are 69.63%,22.94% and 7.43% respectively. As identified there is high landslide risk area that may cause different6 effect on the human being and on property. Therefore The result of analysis were verified using landslide inventory data this study may have great importance in giving awareness in landslide hazard area and also helps to mitigate the landslide impact. Finally, this landslide hazard zonation of Duna wereda suggested for further researcher, land management and concerned body should have based on the present finding.
The expression profile analysis and functional prediction of lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cell in maintenance hemodialysis patients developing heart failure
Authors: Qi Xing , Yu Lin , Liu Shuai , Zhou Yujiao , Liu Wenqing , Liao Wei , Guo Qin , Song Xuhui , Li Jifeng , Lin Sheng , Dai Chuanqiang , Yan Lin , Li Tao , Zhang Li , Zhao Shucheng , Tang Juan , Cai Jian , Liu Zejiang , Zhu Ran , Long Q-Y , Wang Huaguo
Published: July 2024

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of death in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Biomarkers has an important guiding role in the early diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognostic assessment of HF. Increasing studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played an indispensable role in the regulatory network of HF. This study was aiming to explore the expression profiles of lncRNAs in patients treated with MHD developing heart failure.
Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 4 hemodialysis patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and 4 hemodialysis patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), respectively. The expression profile analysis of lncRNAs was performed by using llumina Novaseq 6000 sequencer. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of representative differentially expressed lncRNAs. Based on lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA-KEGG network analysis, the potential role of candidate lncRNAs and their association with the severity of HF were further evaluated.
Results: In total, 1,429 differentially expressed lncRNAs were found between patients with HFrEF and patients with HFpEF, of which 613 were up-regulated and 816 were down-regulated (P<0.05). Five candidate lncRNAs were screened out by a series of bioinformatic analyses. After being compared with miRBase, ENST00000561762, one of the 5 candidates, was considered the most likely lncRNA to be serving as a precursor for miRNA. Nine predicted target genes were found by further lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA-KEGG network analysis, and among which ITGB5 was enriched in the actin dynamics signaling pathway. In another cohort of hemodialysis patients, the expression of lncRNA ENST00000561762 was verified by qRT-PCR. Further analysis revealed that there was a strong correlation between left ventricular ejection fraction and ENST00000561762, proBNP, and 6-minute walk distance, respectively.
Conclusion: LncRNAs expression profile was remarkably different in hemodialysis patients with HFrEF compared to those with HFpEF. Among which, lncRNA ENST00000561762 was considered as a promising biomarker for patients with HFrEF as it was predicted to be a miRNA precursor to regulate the actin dynamics signaling pathway.
Prognostic value of serum glycated albumin in acute coronary syndrome patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Du Yu , Guo Qianyun , Ma Xiaoteng , Shi Dongmei , Zhou Yujie
Published: July 2024

Background:
Glycated albumin (GA) has been demonstrated to be associated with adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, as a specific subgroup of ACS, a significant proportion of patients with ACS without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs) are currently being identified. The prognostic value of serum GA for adverse events in such patients remains unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of GA in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with ACS without SMuRFs.
Methods:
This study involved 1,140 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with ACS without SMuRFs at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital between May 2018 and December 2020 and underwent coronary angiography. Each patient was followed up for a period of 35–66 months after discharge. The primary endpoint of this study was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) that included all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and ischemia-driven revascularization.
Results:
The average age of the study participants was 59.55 ± 10.98 years, and men accounted for 61.8%. The average GA level was 14.37 ± 2.42. The median follow-up duration was 48.3 months, during which 220 cases (19.3%) experienced MACCEs. In the fully adjusted model, with GA as a continuous variable, the hazard ratio (HR) for MACCEs in the high GA group was 1.069 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.008, 1.133), the HR for ischemia-driven revascularization was 1.095 (95% CI: 1.021, 1.175), and the HR for all-cause mortality was 1.155 (95% CI: 1.021, 1.306), all with P values less than 0.05. Similarly, when GA was considered as a categorical variable, in the fully adjusted model, GA was associated with MACCEs, ischemia-driven revascularization, and all-cause mortality, with P values all less than 0.05. The restricted cubic spline curve showed that the relationship between GA and MACCEs was linear (p for non-linear = 0.079; p for overall association = 0.026). Furthermore, GA levels were correlated with poor prognosis in the subgroups of patients.
Conclusion:
Serum GA might be an independent predictor of all-cause death, ischemia-driven revascularization, and MACCEs in patients with ACS without SMuRFs.
Characterization of 3D Printed Re-entrant Midsole Structure with Various Infill Density and Print Direction
Authors: Jung Imjoo , Lee Sunhee
Published: July 2024

This study focused on manufacturing 3D printed conductive RE midsoles with two slicing directions (horizontal and vertical) and three infill densities. Optimal 3D printing conditions were assessed through analyses of slicing processes, morphology, compressive and electrical properties, electromechanical property, and plantar pressure analysis. The analysis of the RE midsole was further divided into three parts: Meta (MT), Midfoot (MF), and Heel (HL). As results, horizontal direction (HD) layers were stacked horizontally, while vertical direction (VD) layers were deposited vertically, with VD being 1.5 times more rigid than HD. For VD, rigidity decreased in the order of MF > HL > MT, while for HD, it was HL > MF > MT. Both slicing directions showed similar electrical properties, with conductivity improving with higher infill density. The 50% infill density demonstrated the best electrical and electromechanical properties. Plantar pressure analysis revealed that HD provided a wider pressure area and better pressure distribution. Overall, HD midsoles with 50% infill density exhibited softer compressive property and superior electrical property during compression, offering better stability by distributing plantar pressure more effectively.
Analyzing Nonlinear Response in Reinforced Concrete Slab-on- Girder Bridges for interior girder: Influence of Intermediate Diaphragm
Authors: Shoukry Mohie E. , Ebeido Tarek , Mahmoud Zaki , Mohamed Heba
Published: July 2024

This study presents the outcomes of a thorough nonlinear finite element analysis conducted on slab-on-girder reinforced concrete bridges. The analysis encompasses nonlinear aspects like concrete cracking, compression behavior, and reinforcement yielding. Thirty-six bridges were examined under truck loads specified by the Egyptian Code (ECP 201–2017) [11], alongside the bridges' self-weight. Among these, nine bridges had varying spans and widths, necessitating adjustments in the number of longitudinal girders to maintain uniform girder spacing. Initially, each bridge underwent analysis without intermediate diaphragms, followed by a reanalysis with the insertion of intermediate diaphragms at the mid-span and support locations. Additionally, nine bridges without intermediate diaphragms underwent linear analysis before nonlinear analysis. Furthermore, nine bridges with varied spans and girder spacings but constant width were analyzed. The finite element model was validated using field test data from the literature. Through a parametric investigation, it was observed that the presence of intermediate diaphragms, firmly linked to the longitudinal girders, notably improves transverse load distribution, resulting in reduced loads on the longitudinal girders. This improvement escalates with increasing bridge width. Finally find the proposed equation of moment distribution factor of interior girder. This equation gives a good agreement with analysis.
An enhanced framework for local genetic correlation analysis
Authors: Shen Xia , Li Yuying , Pawitan Yudi
Published: July 2024

Genetic correlation is a key parameter in the joint genetic model of complex traits, but it is usually estimated on a global genomic scale. Understanding local genetic correlations provides more detailed insights into the shared genetic architecture of complex traits. However, LAVA, as the state-of-the-art tool for local genetic correlation analysis, reports biased statistics and, therefore, is prone to false inference. We extend the high-definition likelihood (HDL) method to a local version, HDL-L (HDL-Local), which divides the genetic correlation analysis into semi-independent loci. HDL-L allows for a more granular estimation of genetic variances and covariances. Simulations show that HDL-L offers more consistent heritability estimates and more efficient genetic correlation estimates compared to LAVA. Across extensive simulations under different heritability settings, HDL-L maintained robust performance. In the analysis of 30 phenotypes from the UK Biobank, HDL-L identified 889 significant local genetic correlations across 658 loci, while LAVA identified 696 significant estimates across 441 loci. Furthermore, HDL-L demonstrated a significant computational advantage, being around 50 times faster than LAVA in the simulations. HDL-L proves to be a powerful tool for uncovering the detailed genetic landscape that underlies complex human traits, offering both superior accuracy and computational efficiency.