bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The growing of Chinese influence in Iraq under U.S. invasion (2003-2013)
Authors: Saeed Hiwa Aziz , Mahmod Hoshman
Published: September 2023

The invasion of Iraq in 2003 by the United States and its allies, is one of the most important events of the early 21st century, that has had a major impact on Iraq, the Middle East and the relations among the great powers. Although the United States succeeded in occupying and destroying Saddam's regime, but this victory did not strengthen the US position in Iraq, rather until the withdrawal of US troops in 2011, Iraqis, despite political and military problems, strongly resisted the occupation. While the war cost the United States more than 3 trillion USD, it did not benefit economically and commercially from Iraq. On the contrary, China was one of the countries that initially opposed the war, both during and after the war, and did not join the US led coalition to invade Iraq, also considered the unilateral US decision to invade Iraq as a clear violation of international values and law. In addition, learned lessons from the occupation to renew his military and intelligence capabilities. On the other hand, it has formulated its political strategy on the basis of the new postwar gifts. On the other hand, it has increased its economic and commercial influence in Iraq, to the extent that scholars believe China is the biggest winner of the war.
Define and Explain the Concept of Rationality in the Context of Voting and Political Behavior
Authors: Cinar Selin
Published: September 2023

Voter behavior is the study of how people vote at the time of voting and what factors influence their voting behavior through political participation. According to Harrop and Miller, voting behavior is influenced by the sociological aspects of individuals or societies, such as occupational groups, origins, gender, and age, while for politicians; voting is influenced by political programs and campaigns implemented by politicians. The aim of this research paper is to investigate the rationality of voting and voter behavior in both sociological and political ways and to present the characteristics that should be present in order to vote rationally.
An Investigation into the Connection between Language Proficiency and Text Analysis Abilities in English Learners
Authors: (Peifeng Wang) Wang Peifeng , M. K. Dr. Puteri Zarina
Published: September 2023

This study’s objective is to evaluate whether or not there is a correlation between students’ command of the English language and their analytical prowess with regard to written material. Through quantitative and qualitative study on students with varied degrees of linguistic proficiency, it has been found that an increase in one’s level of linguistic competence is strongly and favorably associated with an increase in one’s ability for textual analysis. This discovery was made on students with varying levels of linguistic proficiency. Learners who have a higher degree of language competency are able to more effectively absorb vocabulary, grammatical structure, and logical links in the discourse when reading and interpreting English texts. This is because they have a better understanding of the English language. As a consequence of this, they are capable of performing text analysis in a manner that is both more effective and more accurate than before. This article’s goal is to give instructional strategies for learners of all language levels in order to optimize the process of strengthening those learners’ ability to evaluate texts. The target audience for this article is learners of all language levels. When these strategies are utilized, educators will be provided with practical recommendations that will assist them in more effectively directing students toward mastery of the basic text analysis skills. The outcomes of this study may, in some way, have an impact on the educational practice of teaching English as a second language.
Luchas cotidianas de inmigrantes ilegales en Nueva York
Authors: Guzmán-Aguilar José
Published: September 2023

El trabajo aborda los procesos hegemónicos que se suscitan entre los inmigrantes mexicanos y el Estado en la ciudad de Nueva York en las últimas cuatro décadas. Describimos las luchas cotidianas desorganizadas y espontáneas que un grupo de sujetos realizan bajo formas creativas para resistir, acomodarse, reinterpretar y agrietar las imposiciones del poder en los ámbitos políticos y económicos. Concretamente, abordamos el desafío al castigo de la deportación a través de los reingresos de inmigrantes a Estados Unidos y el acomodarse al poder del Estado al llevar una vida en las sombras, las diferentes reinterpretaciones y la flexibilización de leyes migratorias para acceder a la legalización, las formas creativas de auto-emplearse, robos y sabotajes al fragor de la jornada laboral y las auto-inclusiones en el sistema de salud y el doble uso de los programas de asistencia social. La metodología de trabajo se planeó en dos fases: en la primera dividimos a los informantes en tres etapas —1978-1989, 1990-1999 y 2000-2014— acorde a sus tiempos de arribo a la ciudad de Nueva York y trabajamos con 55 de ellos a través de entrevistas estructuradas y semiestructuradas para conocer sus tácticas contestarías en las relaciones de poder. La segunda fase se planteó desde la técnica de la observación participante durante los veranos de 2011 a 2014 para conocer las subjetividades y contiendas que se presentan inesperadamente en el desarrollo de la vida cotidiana.
Los jóvenes ante la diversidad cultural y religiosa en educación secundaria
Authors: García-Segura Sonia , Martínez-Carmona María José , Gil-Pino Carmen
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo describe la percepción de los jóvenes sobre la diversidad religiosa y la enseñanza de la religión en España. Se ha utilizado como instrumento de recogida de información un cuestionario validado por el proyecto europeo REDCo.* La muestra ha sido de 385 estudiantes de cuatro centros de Educación Secundaria de Córdoba (España) de entre 12 a 18 años. Los análisis de los datos destacan el interés de estos jóvenes por conocer otras religiones ya que aprender sobre ellas puede ayudar a entender a los demás con el fin de convivir pacíficamente con ellos.
EFECTO ANTRÓPICO EN UNA POBLACIÓN RELICTA DE LA LAGARTIJA Aspidoscelis costatus EN LA ZONA HISTÓRICA DE LOS FUERTES EN LA CIUDAD DE PUEBLA, MÉXICO
Authors: Herrera-Flores Jorge A.
Published: September 2023

Se reporta la extinción de una población relicta de la lagartija Aspidoscelis costatus como consecuencia de la destrucción de su hábitat tras la remodelación de la Zona Histórica de Los Fuertes en el año 2012 en la Ciudad de Puebla, México
HISTOLOGíA DEL OVARIO Y OVIDUCTO DE LA RANA DE DESARROLLO DIRECTO Oreobates discoidalis (ANURA: STRABOMANTIDAE)
Authors: Pucci Alcaide Ana , Pucci Alcaide Franco , Ponssa María Laura , Michel Adriana A.
Published: September 2023

Oreobates discoidalis es un anuro que se reproduce en entornos húmedos y protegidos, depositando sus huevos relativamente grandes directamente en tierra y exhibiendo desarrollo directo. En este estudio, se describe la histología de los órganos sexuales de hembras maduras durante el periodo reproductivo de esta especie. Las hembras de O. discoidalis presentan ovarios compuestos por un solo lóbulo, así como folículos ováricos tipo 3 con sectorización citoplasmática debido a la acumulación de plaquetas vitelinas. En algunos de estos folículos, el epitelio es de tipo cuboidal, y la teca está formada por dos capas en los folículos ováricos tipo 3. En cuanto al oviducto, se observa una predominancia de glicoconjugados ácidos con una distribución laberíntica, organizados de manera fibrilar y granular. Este estudio ha permitido identificar características particulares en la arquitectura de los compuestos glucídicos y en el seguimiento de los compuestos oviductales en hembras de O. discoidalis, las cuales serían adecuadas para un modo de puesta fuera del agua.
OOPHAGY IN THE TREE-HOLE DWELLING TADPOLES OF Ecnomiohyla sukia (HYLIDAE) IN COSTA RICA
Authors: Salazar Stanley , Rojas Calíope , Aspinall Valeria , Abarca Juan Gabriel
Published: September 2023

The feeding strategy of the tadpoles of the Shaman Fringe-limbed Treefrog (Ecnomiohyla sukia), a canopy frog endemic to Costa Rica, is reported. A tree was climbed to collect three tadpoles at different stages, then the stomach contents were analyzed. Two of the three collected tadpoles had masses of eggs in their intestines. An analysis of stomach contents found evidence for the presence of around 200 eggs in one specimen. Ecnomiohyla sukia tadpoles are confirmed to be oophagous and can survive by feeding on conspecific eggs. We suggest that oophagy may also be present in other species of the genus Ecnomiohyla; they could use this strategy to supplement the limited food resources available in their microhabitats; however, more research is needed to confirm this.
NEW LOCALITIES OF THE MORELET’S LEAF FROG (Agalychnis moreletii) FROM GUERRERO, MEXICO
Authors: Palacios Aguilar Ricardo , Vázquez-Arroyo Enrique , Santos-Bibiano Rufino
Published: September 2023

We present new localities of Agalychnis moreletii from Guerrero, Mexico, including the northernmost record of the species through its entire range. Additionally, we discuss previously reported altitudinal ranges of the species in the state.
DEPREDACIÓN DE UN GECO DE CABEZA AMARILLA (Gonatodes albogularis) POR UNA ARAÑA DE BROMELIA Cupennius coccineus
Authors: Mora José Manuel , Alvarado Randy , Alfaro Lara Henry
Published: September 2023

La diversidad de lagartijas en el Neotrópico es notablemente alta, participan en varias interacciones ecológicas y son componentes relevantes de la red alimentaria en muchos de los ambientes donde habitan. Sphaerodactylidae es una familia muy diversa de pequeños gecos diurnos, con seis especies en Costa Rica, incluido el geco de cabeza amarilla Gonatodes albogularis. Las arañas de cuerpo grande, como algunas Trechaleidae, son capaces de depredar lagartijas, como la araña de bromelia Cupiennius coccineus. Esta no construye telas, sino que embosca y captura presas directamente de la superficie de las hojas y otras partes de las plantas que utilizan para enviar y recibir vibraciones. Reportamos el caso de un geco de cabeza amarilla depredado por una araña de bromelia como el primer reporte de esta interacción trófica en el Bosque Húmedo Tropical del norte de Costa Rica.
NECROPHAGY BY Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus (WIED, 1824) (REPTILIA: DIPSADIDAE) IN PARAGUAY
Authors: Smith Paul , Rojas Francisco
Published: September 2023

We report the first record of necrophagous feeding in Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus and the first report of necrophagy in snakes from Paraguay. The individual was photOgraphed feeding on a roadkill frog in the Paraguayan Chaco.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LA IGUANA YUCATECA DE COLA ESPINOSA Cachryx defensor (IGUANIDAE) EN QUINTANA ROO, MÉXICO
Authors: Romeo Alejandro Sánchez-Zavalegui , Cedeño Vázquez Rogelio , María Marcela Cime Ruíz , Luis Fernando Díaz-Gamboa
Published: September 2023

Mediante una indagación exhaustiva en diferentes medios, incluyendo observaciones registradas en la plataforma de ciencia ciudadana Naturalista y un registro verificado en campo, se actualizó la distribución de la iguana yucateca cola espinosa (Cachryx defensor) en Quintana Roo, con cuatro nuevos registros.
Analysis and Interpretation of Regional Gravity Data in the Swayze greenstone belt of the Superior Province, Canada
Authors: Satizabal Pazos Daniel Mauricio , Nitescu Bogdan
Published: September 2023

The Swayze greenstone belt (SGB) is an Archean granitoid-greenstone terrain located in the central part of the Superior Province in Canada. The main objective of this project consisted in doing an analysis and modelling of public regional gravity data of the Swayze greenstone belt with the aim of examining the geometry and depth extent of the geological bodies that occur in the area of this greenstone belt. Gravity data from the Geophysical Data Repository of Natural Resources Canada was used to obtain forward 2.75D gravity models along three profiles, two transversal and one longitudinal to the geological structures of the Swayze greenstone belt. Gravity forward modelling along these profiles was performed using different constraints such as mapped geological contacts at the surface and petrophysical data of different type of rocks of the Abitibi greenstone belt. The models provide an attempt to characterize the geometry and depth extent of the geological units composing the SGB, using regional gravity data.
Gold ore identification in Santa Catarina Gabbro using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and visualization of mineralization in three dimensions, São Sepé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Lenhare Bruno Daniel , Moreira César Augusto , Melo Ilha Lenon
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo presenta la caracterización geológica-geofísica de una probable ocurrencia de oro en Santa Catarina Gabro, en la región de São Sepé, estado de Rio Grande do Sul, sur de Brasil. Trabajos anteriores han indicado la presencia de oro en la región en las actuales campañas de prospección geoquímica de sedimentos y sugieren que el área de origen sería Santa Catarina Gabro. Para investigar sobre esta probable ocurrencia de oro, se realizaron estudios geológicos y estructurales, seguidos de la adquisición de información geofísica utilizando los métodos de resistividad DC e IP, con el arreglo dipolo-dipolo. Los datos geofísicos fueron procesados en inversión 2D y luego interpolados para permitir la visualización tridimensional de la posible mineralización. Interpretaciones basadas en la recopilación de datos geológicos y geofísicos, en asociación con el contexto estructural regional, sugieren que la probable mineralización se originó a partir de la intrusión del Granito São Sepé, cuyos fluidos hidrotermales se alojaron en fracturas durante los eventos tectónicos ocurridos en la región. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo permiten delinear una arquitectura de yacimiento factible con el contexto geológico de la región y ayudar a una futura estrategia de perforación dirigida a los objetivos probables identificados.
Creación de datos abiertos enlazados en la Biblioteca Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Calvo Desiree
Published: September 2023

El propósito de este artículo es exponer la propuesta metodológica para el establecimiento de datos abiertos enlazados para la Biblioteca Nacional de Costa Rica «Miguel Obregón Lizano», con el fin de determinar si esta cuenta con los elementos necesarios para que su sistema automatizado de gestión permita –a través de los principios, normas y modelado de datos– enlazar sus datos bibliográficos para que sean accesibles, usables y reusables en el entorno de datos abiertos enlazados. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, utilizando el método del estudio de caso con una investigación basada en evidencias. Uno de los principales hallazgos de esta investigación es resaltar la importancia de que la Biblioteca Nacional de Costa Rica incursione en este ámbito para que se posicione como pionera y principal referencia para otras bibliotecas en Costa Rica, en el uso de datos enlazados, pues estos brindan una plataforma sólida para mejorar la calidad y el alcance de los servicios que ofrecen en la actualidad.
Implementation of Efficient Mac Protocols for wireless Senosrs in WBA Networks
Authors: Venteshulu Dr. B. , Kishore G. Krishna , Kavya T.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Various medical applications consisting of heterogeneous requirements are supported by WBA networks. For reliable data transmission it is required to use an efficient medium access control protocol. Here, in this project, a dynamic Super frame structure-based MAC protocol is proposed by extending the standard principles from IEEE 802.15.6 which is a standard protocol, a mechanism for allocating dedicated slots with prioritization is used which is known to be Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation, inorderto assign the allocation of slots for every sensor device. Values of sensor devices are calculated based on different sensors parameters by using CRITIC method. There by we compare our proposed work with the standard IEEE 802.15.6 MAC and other MAC protocols. By simulating it is shown that our proposed MAC protocol has performed better in Reliability, Throughput, Energy Efficiency and also Packet Delivery Delay. In the results it is shown that Reliability of data transmission has increased over more than 50% over the standard IEEE 802.15.6 MAC
¿Cuál es la evidencia actual sobre cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer?: Una revisión umbrella
Authors: Lopez-Leon Angie , Carreño-Moreno Sonia , Arias-Rojas Mauricio
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El cáncer infantil causa un gran impacto no sólo para los niños sino para sus cuidadores familiares. Objetivo: Determinar el estado actual de la evidencia acerca de los cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer, a partir de revisiones de literatura publicadas entre el 2010 y 2020. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión tipo “Umbrella”, incluyendo revisiones de literatura, sistemáticas y metaanálisis sobre el cuidador familiar del niño con cáncer como tema principal. Se buscó en las bases de datos Academic Search complete, Scopus, Science Direct, Complementary index, Google Scholar y Scielo. Se incluyeron 21 artículos en la revisión. Resultados: Se determinaron 6 temas de investigación prevalentes: 1) Síntomas psicosociales: Impacto del cáncer en el cuidador familiar, 2) Necesidades del cuidador familiar en la transición del rol de cuidador, 3) Comunicación parental en el contexto de cáncer infantil, 4) Afrontamiento del cuidador ante la enfermedad del niño, 5) Sobrecarga del cuidador familiar, 6) Duelo del cuidador familiar al final de la vida del niño con cáncer. Conclusiones: Se describe las necesidades, el impacto de tipo psicosocial y emocional derivados de la enfermedad, el duelo y la comunicación. Se requiere mayor investigación sobre las estrategias de afrontamiento para estos cuidadores.
O combate à desinformação na América Latina a partir da educação midiática: um estudo de caso da Oficina de Leitura Crítica de Notícias
Authors: Penna Pieranti Octavio , Trindade Ana Carolina
Published: September 2023

The performance of the public media contributes to strengthen democracies in several western countries, even exploring media literacy and media education activities in Latin America. Thus, this article aims to analyze the experience of BBC News Brazil with the “Oficina de Leitura Crítica de Notícias” in view of the possible contributions to media education in Latin America and, more specifically, in Brazil. The methodology comprises a case study and an opinion survey carried out with fifty-one respondents, which allowed understanding the perceptions on the subject, and the interest of students and professionals related to the field of Communications. The results suggest that 58.8% claim to have already had contact with a media literacy project or activity, and 98% believe that activities such as the “Oficina de Leitura Crítica de Notícias” are interesting for the country.
Music videos: Becoming Beethoven
Authors: Tilman Skowroneck
Published: September 2023

Two video clips from "re-enactment 2" at Jonsered Herrgård, September 6, 2021
Test
Authors: Pedro Samuel Montaner Martínez
Published: September 2023

Chamber music
The tracheal sweep: novel use of tracheal landmark in echocardiography to determine aortic arch sidedness
Authors: R Kurt Bjorkman , Thattaliyath Bijoy , Ashwath Ravi
Published: September 2023

Objective: Diagnosis of Aortic arch (AoA) anatomy is critical for
planning cardiac surgery/intervention and in diagnosing associated
congenital heart defects. AoA sidedness is traditionally diagnosed with
echocardiography as being contralateral to the direction of the first
brachiocephalic artery in suprasternal view, but this method can be
challenged by numerous anatomic variants and clinical conditions. The
objective of this study was to assess feasibility of trachea
visualization with echocardiography in pediatric patients, and using
this landmark to identify AoA sidedness and potential for double aortic
arch (DAA). Methods: A prospective study was performed on patients
<18 years old who were undergoing Chest CT/MRI to serve as
gold standard for confirming AoA anatomy. A right-to-left
echocardiographic sagittal sweep was performed from the suprasternal
notch and used to categorize 1) Left AoA = right SVC-trachea-AoA, 2)
Right AoA= SVC-AoA-trachea, 3) DAA = SVC-AoA-trachea-AoA. The proportion
of successful sweeps and diagnostic accuracy were calculated. Results:
100 consecutive patients were scanned (44% female; median age of 8.8
yr, range 2d–17.9 yr; median BSA 1.14 m , range
0.2–2.7; right AOA in 4%). Diagnosis of AoA sidedness was possible in
97% (95% CI: 94–100%, p < 0.01) and correct in 100% when
the trachea was seen. Conclusion: Tracheal imaging with echo is
reliable, easy, and reproducible method in patients of various sizes and
levels of acuity to define AoA sidedness.
The dual role of regulatory T cells in hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: He Jinan , Miao Rui , Chen Yao , Wang Han , Liu Mei
Published: September 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global cause of
cancer-related mortality. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection is a major
etiologic factor leading to HCC. While noteworthy progress has been made
in managing HBV replication, achieving a cure for HBV-related HCC
(HBV-HCC) remains challenging, and the overall survival outcome for HCC
remains suboptimal. HBV persistence is attributed to a myriad of
mechanisms, encompassing both innate and adaptive immune responses.
Regulatory T cells(Tregs) are pivotal in upholding immune tolerance and
modulating excessive immune activation. During HBV infection, Tregs
mediate specific T cell suppression, thereby contributing to both
persistent infection and the mitigation of liver inflammatory responses.
Studies have demonstrated an augmented expression of circulating and
intrahepatic Tregs in HBV-HCC, which correlates with impaired CD8
T cells function. Consequently, Tregs play a dual
role in the context of HBV infection and the progression of HBV-HCC. In
this comprehensive review, we discuss pertinent studies concerning Tregs
in HBV infection, HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC. Furthermore, we provide
valuable treatment strategies pertinent to liver cancer management.
Isolation and characterization of exosomes
Authors: Dilsiz Nihat
Published: September 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are categorized according to their
formation mechanisms and come in three basic types: exosomes,
microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs,
which are small, round sacs with a diameter of between 30 and 120 nm
that are released by most cell types. Exosomes have the potential to be
used as novel therapeutic agents as well as tools for the diagnosis and
prognosis of various diseases. The main requirement for exosomal
large-scale implementation in medical practice is rapid, easy, high
purity, high yield isolation, and characterization processes. In this
review, various isolation and characterization methods of exosomes are
discussed together with their advantages and disadvantages.
Hydrological dynamics of snowmelt induced streamflow in a high mountain catchment of the Pyrenees under contrasted snow accumulation and duration years
Authors: Lopez-Moreno Ignacio , Revuelto Jesus , González-Alonso E. , Izagirre Eñaut , Rojas-Heredia F. , C. Deschamps-Berger , J Bonsoms , Latron Jérôme
Published: September 2023

Snowmelt drives a large portion of streamflow in many mountain areas of
the world. However, the water pathways since snow melts until water
reaches the streams, and its associated transit time is still largely
unknown. Such processes are important for drawing conclusions about the
hydrological role of the upstream snowpack after melting. This work
analyzes for first time the influence of snowmelt on spring streamflow
in years of different snow accumulation and duration, in an alpine
catchment of the central Spanish Pyrenees. A multi-approach research was
performed, by combining the analysis of climatic, snow, streamflow,
piezometric levels, water temperature, electrical conductivity and
isotopic (δ O) data. Results show that snow played a
preeminent role on the hydrological response of the catchment during
spring. Liquid precipitation during the melting period also determined
the shape of the spring hydrographs. When snow cover disappeared from
the catchment, soil water storage and streamflow showed a sharp decline.
Consequently, streamflow electrical conductivity, temperature and δ
O showed a marked tipping point towards higher
values. The fast hydrological response of the catchment to snow and
meteorological fluctuations, as well as the marked diel fluctuations of
streamflow δ O during the melting period, strongly
suggests soil storage was small, leading to short meltwater transit
times. As a consequence of this hydrological behavior, independently of
the amount of snow accumulated and of melting date, summer streamflow
remained always low, with small runoff peaks driven by rainfall events.
The expected reduction of snow accumulation and duration in the area in
a next future will bring an earlier snowmelt and rise of stream water
temperature. However, given the low storage capacity of the catchment
and the contribution of rainfall events to spring runoff, the annual
water balance and the runoff seasonality of the catchment would not
change drastically.
Specific alterations of resting-state functional connectivity in the triple network related to comorbid anxiety in major depressive disorder
Authors: Beckmann Fienne-Elisa , Gruber Hanna , Seidenbecher Stephanie , Schirmer Saskia , Metzger Coraline , Tozzi Leonardo , Frodl Thomas
Published: September 2023

The brain‘s default mode network (DMN) and the executive control network
(ECN) switch engagement influenced by the ventral attention network
(VAN). Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC)
within this so-called triple network have been demonstrated in patients
with major depressive disorder (MDD) or anxiety disorders (AD). This
study investigated alterations in the RSFC in patients with comorbid MDD
and ADs to better understand the pathophysiology of this prevalent group
of patients. Sixty-eight participants (52.9 % male, mean age 35.25
years), consisting of 25 patients with comorbid MDD and ADs (MDD+AD), 20
patients with MDD only (MDD-AD) and 23 healthy controls (HC) were
investigated clinically and with 3T resting-state fMRI. RSFC utilizing a
seed-based approach within the three networks belonging to the triple
network was compared between the groups. Compared to HC, MDD+AD showed
significantly reduced RSFC between the ECN and the VAN, the DMN and the
VAN and within the ECN. No differences could be found for the MDD group
compared to both other groups. Furthermore, symptom severity and
medication status did not affect RSFC values. The results of this study
show a distinct set of alterations of RSFC for patients with comorbid
MDD and AD compared to healthy controls. This set of dysfunctions might
be related to less adequate switching between the DMN and the ECN as
well as poorer functioning of the ECN. This might contribute to
additional difficulties engaging and utilizing consciously controlled
emotional regulation strategies.
Flipped classroom as an innovative technology for blended learning of professional english in higher education institutions
Authors: Babintseva Ekaterina , Kartseva Elena , Spynu Larisa , Tavberidze Daria
Published: September 2023

This article provides an overview of research on the concept of blended learning, its characteristics, and perspectives on its use in teaching English language teaching in higher education. The paper presents the results of a pedagogical experiment involving the integration of flipped classroom technology into the learning process and demonstrates its effectiveness in teaching professional English. The article's authors conclude that using flipped classroom technology in teaching the “Professional English” course can become an effective tool for a university teacher. It is advisable to integrate it into the educational process to ensure the delivery of quality educational services, create real opportunities to improve students' professional training, personalize the educational process, and align it with the needs of each student, regardless of their initial level of activity.
Are young people alone together: Experiences on the internet and attachment to offline and online friends?
Authors: Kuzmanovic Dobrinka , Toskovic Oliver
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to find out how young people perceive the quality
of relationships with offline and online friends operationalized through
anxiety and avoidance, and what the predictors of attachment to online
friends are. Participants were 303 young people (78% girls), roughly equally
divided between high school and university students (51% vs. 49%) aged 15 to
30 (Mage = 19.5, SD = 3.50). An online survey was conducted with a
convenient sample. Two scales were used in the research: Experiences in
Close Relationships and Excessive Internet Use, as well as questions about
experiences on the Internet. The results show that youth are more likely to
build and maintain close friendships through live interaction, despite their
frequent use of social technologies. A quarter of respondents do not have a
single friend with whom they mainly socialize online, while half have at
most two online friends. Online friendships are more common among high
school students. Most young people do not feel anxious in their
relationships with offline and online friends; avoidance is significantly
stronger in their relationships with online friends. The strongest
predictors of attachment to online friends are attachment to offline friends
and feeling personally safe online. When interpreting the obtained findings,
one should bear in mind the limitations arising from the characteristics of
the sample (it is not representative and gender-balanced).
The role of debate in cognitive development and development of civic awareness of young people - a qualitative analysis
Authors: Baketa Nikola , Kovacic Marko , Mornar Mirta
Published: September 2023

Debate as a method is increasingly being utilised in both school and
out-of-school settings, aiming to develop certain cognitive, emotional, and
interpersonal skills, while also equipping young people with the
competencies to actively participate in their social and political
communities. Education through debate, as a distinctive form of non-formal
education, is thus becoming an integral part of young people?s lives. The
development of critical thinking, heightened selfesteem, improved rhetoric,
organizational prowess, effective presentation, and argumentation abilities,
along with the fostering of citizenship, play a pivotal role in aiding
underprivileged youth to become more constructive contributors to their
communities. These proficiencies and goals, demonstrated within this paper,
exemplify the diverse skill set that debate fosters. This paper brings the
results of a qualitative study conducted across four countries (Croatia,
Slovenia, Poland, and the Netherlands) regarding the advantages of debate.
It offers empirical evidence that one of the ways to have responsible,
conscious, aware, vigilant, and selfconfident citizens is by incorporating
debate in their (non)formal education.
Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis in Fitzpatrick Skin Type VI: New Dermoscopic Findings
Authors: Yotsu Rie , Murase Chiaki , Fukaura Ryo , Vagamon Bamba , Kawase Masaaki
Published: September 2023

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Long-term speech outcome after anterior distraction osteogenesis of the maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Klintö Kristina , Svensson Henry , Wiedel Anna-Paulina
Published: September 2023

Advancement of the maxilla may increase the distance between the soft palate and the posterior pharyngeal wall in patients with cleft lip and palate, implying a risk of velopharyngeal dysfunction. The aim was to evaluate long-term speech outcome in a consecutive series of patients treated with distraction osteogenesis (DO). Fourteen out of the 16 patients agreed to participate. A long-term speech follow-up was performed 1.5 to 13.5 years after DO. For two participants, audio recordings before DO were missing, and for another one, it was incomplete. The percentage of consonants correct (PCC) based on phonetic transcription and perceived velopharyngeal competence rated on a three-point scale were assessed before and after DO by three independent judges, based on audio recordings of reading of standardised sentences. Also, the participants were asked how they perceived their speech after DO. Changes in PCC were insignificant. Four participants perceived deteriorated speech related to DO. In two cases, the subjective deterioration did not correlate to results from perceptual assessment. In two others, the subjective deterioration correlated with the perceptual assessment, and the velopharyngeal function was judged as being incompetent after DO. After secondary velopharyngeal surgery, velopharyngeal function improved to competent in one case and marginally incompetent in the other. The results need to be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations but indicate that some patients develop deteriorated velopharyngeal function after DO. The impact on articulation needs to be further explored. It is important that patients are informed before treatment of the risk of velopharyngeal dysfunction after DO.
Sound Design
Authors: Flückiger Barbara
Published: September 2023

Mitte der 70er Jahre begann sich das ästhetische Vokabular des Filmtons auffällig zu verändern. Plötzlich sausten kreischende Jets über die Köpfe des Publikums und Hubschrauber durchflogen alle vier Quadranten des Kinoraums. Neu erschienen auch das Dolby-Stereo-Logo und die Berufsbezeichnung Sound Designer auf der Leinwand. Eine Generation von tonbesessenen Regisseuren wie Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas oder Martin Scorsese hatte das suggestive Potenzial des totalen Sound erkannt. Sound Design - die virtuelle Klangwelt des Films analysiert die jüngsten klangästhetischen Entwicklungen des amerikanischen Mainstreamfilms. Das Buch durchleuchtet Konventionen und scheinbare Selbstverständlichkeiten und öffnet den Zugang zur komplexen Architektur der filmischen Tonspur.
Resource Assessment and Marketing of Caterpillar Fungus (Ophiocordyceps sinensis) in the Buffer Zone of Makalu Barun National Park, Nepal
Authors: G* Damodar
Published: September 2023

Yarsagumba (Ophiocordycecps sinensis) is one of the highly expensive and potential medicinal mushrooms in the world. Owing to the herb's high efficacy and potency in curing various diseases, it is well known as an important nourishing tonic. The study has attempted to gather the information regarding Yarsagumba, its associated species, various medicinal uses, and marketing channel. Out of 15 plots, only 3 plots were recorded the Yarsagumba with the frequency of 0.2 which was very low compared to other medicinal plants. We randomly recorded the Yarsagumba with Mean and Variance ration of 0.04 with a density of 833 (No)/ha equal to 0.5 kg/ha in the effective area. There was an imbalance between the population of moths and spores of Caterpillar fungus. There were increasing trends of Cordyceps sinensis market, heavily depended on Chinese buyers. The Chinese companies send agents to collect Yarsagumba directly from the fields. And they pay US$ 10/piece to villagers (according to the latest field study, June 2018). China is the largest producer of Yarsagumba and meets 95 per cent of the world demand. Nepal is the second largest supplier of the fungus. Expansion of marketing channel is essential for getting more benefits focusing on local Yarsagumba`s collectors. It was observed that only 14.51 percent of men were participated to collect the Yarsagumba because the majority of men migrated to India and overseas for searching the jobs. Therefore, women would play a vital role in the sustainable harvesting of Yarsagumba. Different pharmacological actions such as antiasthma, antineoplastic, antibacterial as well as actions on the heart and blood vessels, and on the smooth muscles of the intestine and uterus have been reported. Government of Nepal should prepare a national Yarsagumba management policy and local Yarsagumba management guidelines to address conflicts by clearly defining the roles, responsibilities and rights of local institutions and actors. The Makalu Barun National Park should also prepare the separate management plan for sustainable harvesting so that local people would enhance their income, and the government would also increase income through royalties.
Parkinson Disease and Ayurveda
Authors: Shankar Avinash
Published: September 2023

Parkinson’s disease, a degenerative brain disease of dopamine secreting brain cells Substantia nigra is increasing progressively and presents therapeutics-levodopa, carbidopa, MAOB inhibitor, COMT inhibitors, surgery and deep brain stimulations, though improve presenting feature but not quality of life. Present study using herbal composite containing Mucuna pruriens, Herpestis monnieri, Acors calamus, Nardostachys jatamansi and Withania somnifera taken in equal part shows better quality of life in all most all with marked improvement in movement disorder in 92% cases as compared to 39% cases on conventional therapy. In addition Herbal composite also improve the haematological, hepatic and Renal function by bioregulating body biomechanics and neural cell function, revitalizing neural cell damage in substantia nigra check destruction of dopamine and facilitate optimal level of Dopamine for normal brain function
MEMES AS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF MEDIA CONTENT IN TIMES OF WAR: PURPOSE, FUNCTIONS AND TOPICS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mudra Iryna
Published: September 2023

Memes have now become an integral part of media content. Newsrooms create their own humorous images and publish the most popular ones. Memes have also become the “heroes” of publications and an important decoration of journalistic materials. Memes are mostly informative images, often humorous, that convey news and facts in a funny, original and interesting way. Such images often become viral and attract attention. During the war, we have seen a large number of humorous images appear in journalistic materials, on media pages in social networks and messengers. The increase in memes in publications and on media pages is due to the fact that the audience likes humorous and original content in the form of images. It also draws attention to publications and successfully conveys the news and topic of the journalistic material. In addition to their entertainment and informative functions in the media, memes also help to cope with emotions, anxiety and worries. They penetrate people’s minds unnoticed and remove certain barriers. During the war, memes have the following functions: informational, psychological and practical. The informational function is to inform about the news, the psychological function is to help people cope with their feelings, and the practical function is to call on the audience to take certain actions (for example, to help the Ukrainian armed forces) using humorous images. Memes are also an effective tool for information warfare and the fight against Russian propaganda. Memes are based on humour, which softens the experience of problems or even relieves anxiety. The memes published by the media during the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022 have specific objectives: to make fun of the enemy, thus making him funny, clumsy, not so scary, and weak enough. And the soldiers who defend their land are glorified by memes, portrayed as stronger. And such humiliation of the enemy neutralises fear.
Pengaruh lama pengeringan ampas tahu menggunakan oven dryer terhadap mutu tempe ampas tahu [The effect of drying time of tofu dregs using an oven dryer on the quality of its tempeh]
Authors: Yarfaryh Uswatun Hasanah , Handayani Baiq Rien , Ariyana Mutia Devi , Perdhana Firman Fajar , Namira Afrisha Sekar
Published: September 2023

Tofu dregs tempeh is tempeh made from by-products of tofu processing. Tofu dregs tempeh contains high water content to exceed the SNI standard. The objective of this research was to determine the effect and the best result of drying time using an oven dryer at 60oC on the quality of tofu dregs tempeh. The method used in this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments drying times 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 7, and 90 minutes at 60oC. Significant difference data were tested for parameters of chemical quality (water content and water activity), and microbial quality (total microbial, mold mass, and mycelium area).  A drying time of 60 minutes is recommended as the best treatment to produce tofu dregs tempeh with the following characteristic of 61.77% water content which has met the requirement of SNI No. 3144:2015; 0.82 water activity (Aw); 5.89 log CFU/g total microbial; 1.72% mold mass and; 30.66% mycelium area.
Differentiating Content as a Way of Enhancing Students’ Self-Efficacy: A Study of Private Schools in Ruiru Sub-county
Authors: Wakhungu Nyongesa Harun , Njoroge Mary Mukami
Published: September 2023

Research confirms that differentiated instruction has both academic and non-academic benefits for students. Individualized learning enhanced academic performance, and most importantly, a sense of self-efficacy are all associated with this mode of instruction. Teachers in Kenya, as in the rest of the world, hold the opinion that differentiation reflects the best professional comprehension of skilled and adaptable instruction. This study aimed to examine the effects of differentiated instruction on the self-efficacy of elementary school students. The investigation utilized the Theory of Multiple Intelligences and Self-Efficacy and a post-positivist methodology. In nine private primary schools in Ruiru Sub-County, Kiambu County, Kenya, 45 teachers and 1,022 pupils in upper primary levels (grades 6, 7, and 8) participated in the study. Using questionnaires, quantitative data was collected and analyzed using SPSS Student Version 14.0. The investigated aspect of differentiated instruction is content differentiation. It was discovered that differentiated content has a statistically significant impact on the self-efficacy of elementary school pupils. The establishment of comprehensive teacher professional development systems in private primary schools to equip teachers with the ability to effectively deliver differentiated instruction and build students' self-efficacy is one of the study's key recommendations. Among the areas for additional research is the conduct of a comparable study in public elementary schools. Additionally, longitudinal, and experimental studies can be conducted to examine the relationship between differentiated instruction and student self-efficacy in both private and public primary institutions. Additional recommendations include conducting research on other factors that contribute to the self-efficacy of elementary school students.
Productivity in the World Economy During and After the Pandemic
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Li Huiyu , Fernald John G. ,   INSEAD,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: September 2023

This paper reviews how productivity has evolved around the world since the pandemic began in 2020. Productivity in many countries has been volatile. We conclude that the broad contours of productivity growth during this period have been heavily shaped by predictable cyclical patterns. Looking at U.S. industry data, we find little evidence that the sharp rise in telework has had a notable impact, good or bad, on productivity. Stepping back, the data so far appear consistent with a continuation of the slow-productivity-growth trajectory that we faced before the pandemic.
PERSEPSI HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP HAK CUTI MELAHIRKAN BAGI DOSEN Dan STAF UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH PALOPO
Authors: Dewi Sari Ratna
Published: September 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami lebih lanjut tentang ketentuan hak cuti melahirkan terhadap pekerja perempuan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo dan untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum hak cuti melahirkan  terhadap tenaga kerja perempuan. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, maka tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris, yang mana metode ini merupakan metode yang digunakan secara langsung terjun kelapangan untuk memperoleh kebenaran yang terjadi di lapangan. Penerapan pemberian cuti kepada pekerja perempuan di Universitas Muhammadiyah di Palopo  sudah terlaksana dengan optimal, yang didasari oleh peraturan yang berlaku yakni dengan menggunakan Undang-Undang  Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang KetenagaKerjaan sebagai dasar yuridis serta menggunakan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, Pelaksanaan pemberian hak cuti melahirkan terhadap pekerja perempuan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo, sudah berjalan dengan baik dengan diberikannya waktu cuti 3 bulan yang mana sesuai dengan  ketentuan Undang_Undang No. 13 tahun  2003
Smoking and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational study
Authors: af Geijerstam Peder , Janryd Fredrik , Nyström Fredrik H.
Published: September 2023

Background

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), medications such as antihypertensives and statins can reduce the increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cigarette smoking on major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) and all-cause mortality in patients with T2D in a relatively well treated Swedish cohort.

Methods

Seven hundred and sixty-one patients with T2D aged 55–66 years were followed in the prospective observational CArdiovascular Risk factors in patients with DIabetes – a Prospective study in Primary care (CARDIPP) study. Baseline data included blood samples of markers of dysglycemia and inflammation, blood pressure as well as questionnaire responses regarding cigarette smoking. Participants were followed for incidence of MACE and all-cause mortality.

Results

Of the included 663 participants, the mean age was 60.6 (SD 3.1) years and 423 (63.8%) were men. Levels of C-reactive protein and vitamin D, as well as the proportion of participants treated with antihypertensives, acetylic salicylic acid, statins, and diabetes medications, were similar between smokers and nonsmokers. Median follow-up time was 11.9 (Q1–Q3 10.8–12.7) years. Cigarette smoking was associated with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio 2.24 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 1.40–3.56), P < 0.001], but not MACE [hazard ratio 1.30 (95% CI 0.77–2.18), P = 0.328].

Conclusion

In patients with T2D, cigarette smoking was not associated with an increased risk of MACE. This raises the question of whether cardioprotective drugs in individuals with T2D to some degree mitigate the cardiovascular harm of smoking, even though they do not affect other dire consequences of smoking.