bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bariery rozwoju rodzinnych gospodarstw rolnych w opinii ich właścicieli z województwa opolskiego = Barriers to the development of family farms in the opinion of their owners from the Opolskie Voivodeship
Authors: Bisaga Anna , Sokołowska Stanisława
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study is to identify changes in the organizational and production-related behaviours of commercial agricultural holdings’ owners. Overcoming main developmental barriers is vital to building potentials of the agriculture and rural areas in the Opolskie Voivodeship. For the purpose of the study exogenous and endogenous factors have been considered, in particular: agricultural policy, multifaceted institutional environment, farmers’ readiness to invest, changes in technology of production, search for specialization niches. The source of information was a questionnaire-based research conducted among the owners of agricultural holdings that cover the area of more than 10 hectares of arable land, whose produce is designed for the market. Having extended the research timespan (1992, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2014 and 2018), it can be concluded that the development of the commercial agricultural holdings in the region has clearly displayed attributes of stability. In 1992, 19% of the respondents perceived their holdings as developing, while in 2014 the number rose to 84% and 77% in 2018. Securing stability of agricultural holdings’ growth is significant for integrated rural development. The holdings’ owners consider the following to be the main external barriers: instability of prices and the state’s faulty policy. On the other hand, respondents point to the following as the chief internal barriers: low profitability of production, shortage of means available for investment and lack of successors. The major conclusion that can be drawn from conducted research proves the need of advancing broader strategic thinking on the development of agriculture and rural areas, both at national and regional scale.
Warzywnictwo jako kierunek produkcji rolniczej w województwie łódzkim = Vegetable growing as a trend in agricultural production of the Łódzkie Voivodeship
Authors: Traczyk Anna , Wójcik Marcin
Published: August 2019

Vegetable-growing is an important agricultural production trend in the Łódzkie Voivodeship. Its significance to the economy is emphasized in the voivodeship strategic documents, in which vegetable-growing is mentioned as one of the regional assets. Areas of its occurrence have been considered to present development potential. Vegetable cultivation in the Łódzkie Voivodeship occupies a relatively large area compared to the other regions. In years 2004–2016 the Łódzkie Voivodeship took the fourth place in terms of the area of vegetable cultivation and third place regarding share of vegetables in the sown area. Analyzed had the third largest share of vegetables in the value of total and market agricultural production. In the years 2004–2016, both the area of vegetable cultivation and the size of harvest in the Łódzkie Voivodeship decreased. The area of soil-grown vegetables cultivation decreased at an average rate of 2.9% per annum, while the size of crops decreased at an average rate of 1.0% a year. Despite the decline in the area of vegetable cultivation and the size of harvest, vegetable-growing remained an important part of the regional agricultural economy. In the analyzed period, vegetables accounted for 9.7% of the total value and 11.8% of the market value of agricultural production. Their share in the value of total and market production of agriculture, in contrast to the area and harvest, increased. The average growth rate of the share of vegetables in the value of total agricultural production was 2.9% per annum. The average growth rate of vegetables share in the value of market production was 2.1% per annum. In terms of participating in the value of total plant production, vegetables took the second place in Poland. Considering the share in the value of market production, vegetables were ranked first. The region’s vegetable growing area provides economic grounds for the functioning of the vegetable and fruit-vegetable processing industry for enterprises operating both in the Łódzkie Voivodeship and in the neighboring regions.
Sytuacja mieszkaniowa gospodarstw domowych na wsi w Polsce w 2016 r. w świetle badań budżetów gospodarstw domowych = Housing status of rural areas’ households in Poland in the light of household budget survey of 2016
Authors: Hanusik Krystyna , Łangowska-Szczęśniak Urszula
Published: August 2019

The article concerns the issue of disparity in the level of meeting the housing needs in the rural areas of Poland. This may be regarded as a basic determinant of households’ standard of living. The goal of conducted research was an attempt to identify the level of diversification in housing status, as well as subjective assessment of life quality in rural areas and comparing these with selected unbiased characteristics of material conditions of examined entities. The number of people per 1 room in a flat, average number of square meters per capita in a flat or living in a separate dwelling were assumed as representative indicators of a household’s housing status. Selected characteristics of housing quality were also examined. A comparative analysis of the relationship between the self-assessment of housing situation, its objective characteristics and selected characteristics of households included in particular socio-economic groups was carried out. The analysis has proven a strong correlation between satisfying the households’ needs and the level of income. It is also worth to emphasise the significant impact of the reference group (the socio-economic group of households was adopted) on the self-assessment of housing status. Statistical analysis methods were implemented. The study employed data derived from the panel survey on household budget in Poland in 2016 conducted by the Central Statistical Office.
Aktywność sołectw wspierających rozwój społeczny w ramach Programu Odnowy Wsi w latach 2013–2015 = Activity of villages supporting social development under the Rural Renewal Programme in 2013–2015
Authors: Pieczonka Jacek
Published: August 2019

The village renewal as a development method is one of the ways to achieve development goals, understood not only as an improvement of the infrastructure quality – but in general – as an enhancement of the widely comprehended life quality, which cannot be achieved without involvement of inhabitants themselves. The aim of this article is an attempt to present the Village Renewal Programme (with the example of the Opolskie Voivodeship) as an element stimulating local communities, strengthening social capital, which can be expressed by the number of projects implemented by individual rural administrative units. To achieve this aim, the reports of the rural administrative units (about 600 a year) on the implementation of the Rural Renewal Programme (in the period of 2013–2015) were analyzed. The most important conclusion that can be drawn from the conducted research is that the Rural Renewal Programme has proved to be an effective concept and method for developing rural areas, where it has been implemented so far. By the means of this undertaking it was possible to mobilize numerous rural communities with inadequate amount of funds to initiate activities, which had been reflected in the number of implemented projects.
Możliwości wykorzystania geoportali regionalnych w rozwoju rolnictwa na przykładzie Geoportalu Województwa Łódzkiego = Possibility of using regional geoportals in agricultural development on the example of the Łódzkie Voivodeship Geoportal
Authors: Stefaniak Grzegorz
Published: August 2019

The aim of this article is to present the usage of spatial information infrastructure in agricultural activity. The spatial information infrastructure is understood as spatial datasets, which are available via web-based mapping application. Example of the Łódzkie Voivodeship Geoportal (www.geoportal.lodzkie.pl) was considered. The formal basis for the construction of the spatial information infrastructure in the European Union is the INSPIRE Directive, which was transposed in Poland by the means of the Act on spatial information infrastructure. According to the Polish law, numerous scattered institutions are responsible for spatial datasets. For example, the district geodetic and cartographic resources include i.a., the Land and Building Register. The regional geodetic and cartographic resources includes i.a., the Topographic Database at scale of 1:10 000, geodetic and cartographic materials related to: analysis of agrarian structure changes, programming and coordination agriculture works and monitoring changes in land use and soil valuation. The central resources include i.a, orthophotomaps, digital terrain model, soil and agricultural maps. Distributed “leading bodies” are responsible for topics related to agriculture, such as: land parcels, terrain layout, land use, ortho-images, geology, soil and spatial development. The national, regional and county geoportals are web map applications, which operate as access points to network services presenting distributed spatial datasets. They provide improved access to reliable and complete information on voivodeship’s area for all citizens, companies and institutions, including those related to agriculture.
Kreatywność jako czynnik rozwoju obszarów wiejskich na przykładzie województwa opolskiego = Creativity as a rural development factor on the example of the Opolskie Voivodeship
Authors: Bucka Maria
Published: August 2019

The study presents the significance and impact of creativity and innovation on the development of rural areas. The concept of creativity and creative sectors was defined, activities in the field of creativity development and activation of rural inhabitants were identified. The impact of non-agricultural activity on life quality of rural population was determined, presenting examples of activation and various creative activities being innovative undertakings in the rural areas of the Opolskie Voivodeship.
Preservar la salud teletrabajando
Authors: Ines Dalmau Pons Ines Dalmau Pons , Ferrer Puig Ramon
Published: August 2019

El teletrabajo supone una manera diferente de llevar a cabo el trabajo. Esto puede generar determinados problemas de salud (tecnoestrés, tecnofatiga, tecnoaddicción, etc.) y quizá evitar otros (lesiones musculoesqueléticas por manipulación de cargas, etc.). Se modifican los factores de riesgo psicosocial que pueden afectar y el papel que tienen. Aspectos como el uso casi constante de la tecnología, la modificación de las relaciones personales, etc., pueden tener una repercusión positiva o negativa. Por lo tanto, en la definición del teletrabajo han de tenerse en cuenta estrategias para prevenir estos posibles riesgos, velar por una óptima gestión del tiempo, disponer de suficientes habilidades comunicativas y de gestión de emociones y un adecuado puesto de trabajo.
Health Justice in the City: Why an Intersectional Analysis of Transportation Matters for Bioethics
Authors: Noll Samantha Elaine , Hubbard-Mattix Laci Nichole ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

Recently, there has been a concerted effort to shift bioethics’ traditional focus from clinical and research settings to more robustly engage with issues of justice and health equity. This broader bioethics agenda seeks to embed health related issues in wider institutional and cultural contexts and to help develop fair policies. In this paper, we argue that bioethicists who ascribe to the broader bioethics’ agenda could gain valuable insights from the interdisciplinary field of environmental justice and transportation justice, in particular. We then proceed to demonstrate the importance of adopting an intersectional approach to transportation and health. The paper concludes with the argument that intersectional gender inequality is of particular importance when studying both health equity and the unequal distribution of burdens associated with transportation systems in local contexts. This essay is meant to be the beginning of a robust conversation concerning health equity, transportation justice, and intersectional distributions of both benefits and burdens.
Influence of Fin-tech on Customer Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence from Allied Bank of Pakistan
Authors: Junejo Ikramuddin , Shah Asif Ali , Bachani Asha
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of financial technology on customer satisfaction in Allied bank of Pakistan. For this research the sample size of 183 respondents of Allied bank of Pakistan was selected using convenient sampling. The questionnaire was designed by 5 Likert-scale that was used to collect the data in order to examine the influence of financial technology on customer satisfaction. The models used were factor analysis, regression analysis, multiple regression analysis. The results of regression analysis showed that, there is a significant influence of safety reliability, Service Security and has positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction; whereas, Ease of Use and performance has positive and insignificant influence on customer satisfaction. Finally, it is recommended that, in the face of high-level competition in the banking industry and similarity of products offered by commercial banks establishing customer’s feedback system and evaluating its technology platform with current technological advancements for the better customer satisfaction.
Starting a new OTP and leading clinical services for an OBOT: Talbott
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2019

Zachary Talbott, who founded Counseling Solutions Treatment Centers in 2015 and operated opioid treatment programs (OTPs) in Chatsworth, Georgia, and Murphy, North Carolina (see ADAW, August 17, 2015), which were then acquired by BayMark Health Services in August 2018 (see ADAW, Sept. 10, 2018), and who ultimately set his sights on returning home to Maryville, Tennessee, had a plan. Anyone who knows him knew he would. He recently joined ReVIDA Recovery Centers as their director of clinical services to develop, implement and oversee a comprehensive behavioral health program within the company's continuum of care.
Differences between medical and recreational cannabis
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2019

Every state has its own process for regulating legal cannabis, but we have been particularly interested in Massachusetts, which has a carefully structured process for regulation of both medical (established in 2013) and the recently approved recreational dispensaries — we visited a medical dispensary recently (see ADAW, June 24).
Implementing Trauma Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (T‐SBIRT) within Employment Services: A Feasibility Trial
Authors: Topitzes James , Mersky Joshua P. , Mueller Daria J. , Bacalso Edwin , Williams Conor
Published: August 2019

Highlights

Presentation of a trauma‐responsive screening and referral protocol.

Feasibility study of a trauma‐responsive screening and referral protocol within employment services.

Discussion of the relevance of trauma‐responsive screening and referral for community psychology.

Discussion of the relevance of trauma‐responsive screening and referral for public health.

Transitioning from trauma‐informed to trauma‐responsive practice frameworks.
Pd embedded N, S co‐doped graphene wrapped core‐shell magnetic nanospheres: Engineered stable nanocatalyst for Suzuki couplings
Authors: Rohani Sahar , Mohammadi Ziarani Ghodsi , Badiei Alireza
Published: August 2019

Designed nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped graphene wrapped magnetic core‐shell supported Pd nanoparticles were synthesized through the following steps. Firstly, Fe3O4 was prepared, coated with silica and then functionalized with amine groups to create a positive charge on the structure for enhancing the interaction of the Fe3O4@SiO2 with graphene oxide. Secondary, the pre‐catalyst wrapped with graphene to enhance adsorption of aromatic substrates through π–π stacking. Thirdly, graphene was doped with nitrogen and sulfur to increase the grafting of Pd in hybrid. Finally, Pd NPs were attached on the surface of pre‐engineered structure to produce Fe3O4@SiO2@N,S‐wG@Pd which exhibited high performance in Suzuki reactions. This superior activity can be indexed to the incorporation of N and S atoms into graphene led to high anchoring and well‐dispersion of Pd NPs on the nanocomposite surface offering large amounts of active centers, that strongly increased the interaction between Pd and substrates to decreases Pd leaching.
Pharmacokinetic and Safety Profiles of a Fixed‐Dose Combination of Amlodipine, Valsartan, and Atorvastatin: A 3‐Period Replicate Crossover Study
Authors: Kim Seokuee , Ko Jae‐Wook , Kim Jung‐Ryul
Published: August 2019

The objective of study was to compare the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of a fixed‐dose combination (FDC) formulation of 5/160/20 mg amlodipine/valsartan/atorvastatin with those of separate formulations of a 5/160‐mg amlodipine/valsartan tablet and a 20‐mg atorvastatin tablet. This was a randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, 3‐sequence, 3‐period replicate crossover study with 42 subjects. Serial blood samples for pharmacokinetic assessment were collected up to 72 hours postdose. For establishing bioequivalence (BE) for amlodipine, valsartan, and atorvastatin, a reference‐scaled average BE approach was used if applicable, as well as the conventional limit of 0.80‐1.25. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the geometric mean ratios (GMRs) for the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the curve to the last measurable concentration (AUCt) between the FDC and separate formulations were within the 0.80‐1.25 limit for all analytes but atorvastatin. The estimated within‐subject standard deviation of the log‐transformed values of the separate formulations, the reference intervention, was 0.3804 for the Cmax of atorvastatin, being set at 0.7489‐1.3352 for the BE acceptance limit. For both the Cmax and AUCt for atorvastatin, the GMRs lay within 0.80‐1.25, and the 90%CIs for the GMRs were within the BE acceptance limit. This 3‐period replicate crossover study demonstrated the BE of the FDC formulation of amlodipine, valsartan, and atorvastatin and the separate formulations of an amlodipine/valsartan tablet and an atorvastatin tablet. A similar incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was observed in both interventions, and headache was the most common TEAE.
Reliable Protocols for Flow Cytometry Analysis of Intracellular Proteins in Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives: A Fit‐For‐Purpose Approach
Authors: Berg Luecke Linda , Waas Matthew , Gundry Rebekah L.
Published: August 2019

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) derivatives are valuable for a variety of research applications and have the potential to revolutionize approaches to personalized medicine. However, differentiation efficiency varies among cell lines and protocols. Therefore, methods to reliably determine cell type identity in cultures of hPSC derivatives in a manner that is consistent among laboratories are needed. While flow cytometry is apt for routine assessment of population heterogeneity, standardized protocols are not available for most cell types. This article describes a workflow for establishing a fit‐for‐purpose protocol for flow cytometric analysis of hPSC derivatives. Based on the application of this workflow, a standard operating procedure (SOP) was developed for the analysis of cardiac troponin in hPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC‐CM). Throughout the article, important concepts related to antibody validation and gating strategies are presented to enable users to properly validate any antibody of interest and develop a rigorous SOP for their experimental needs. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
What works in alternative dispute resolution? The impact of third‐party neutral strategies in small claims cases
Authors: Charkoudian Lorig , Eisenberg Deborah T. , Walter Jamie L.
Published: August 2019

This research examines “what works” in small claims court alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes. Using a comprehensive quasi‐experimental design that combines real‐time behavioral observation of authentic small claims court ADR sessions with pre‐ and postintervention questionnaires, the study measures the immediate and long‐term impact of various strategies by third‐party neutrals on party attitudes and case outcomes. Eliciting participant solutions had the broadest range of positive impacts. Greater percentage of time spent in caucus was associated with negative outcomes. Reflecting had short‐term positive associations and neutral offering solutions had long‐term negative associations.
Impact of maternal childhood trauma on child behavioral problems: The role of child frontal alpha asymmetry
Authors: van de Ven Maria C. J. , van den Heuvel Marion I. , Bhogal Amanpreet , Lewis Toni , Thomason Moriah E.
Published: August 2019

Childhood trauma is associated with many long‐term negative outcomes, and is not limited to the individual experiencing the trauma, but extends to subsequent generations. However, mechanisms underlying the association between maternal childhood trauma and child psychopathology are not well understood. Here, we targeted frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) as a potential underlying factor of the relationship between maternal childhood trauma and child behavioral problems. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from (N = 45) children (Mean age = 57.9 months, SD = 3.13) during an eyes‐closed paradigm in order to evaluate FAA. Mothers reported on their childhood trauma experiences using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and on their child's behavior using the child behavior checklist (CBCL). We found that maternal childhood trauma significantly predicted child total, internalizing, and externalizing behavior at age 5 years. We also observed a role for FAA such that it acted as a moderator, but not mediator, for behavioral problems. We found that children with relative more right/less left frontal activity were more at risk to develop behavioral problems when their mother had been exposed to trauma in her childhood. These results indicate that child frontal asymmetry may serve as a susceptibility marker for child behavioral problems.
Using millimeter‐waves for rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria in food based on bacteriophage
Authors: Sultan Kamel S. , Ali Tamer A. , Fahmy Nada A. , El‐Shibiny Ayman
Published: August 2019

The accessibility of a rapid method for detection and identification of food‐borne pathogens is crucial for food industry worldwide. Antibiotic resistance bacteria (eg, E. coli) that can enter the food chain in different ways, can indeed survive on foods causing disease to humans. Hence, the introduction of a rapid detection technology becomes necessary for the food industry to ensure consumer safety, especially for products with short shelf lives. Bacteriophages can be used to detect and identify bacteria. In this study, a novel biosensor is proposed to detect pathogens by means of phage‐based baroreceptor. The biosensing technique is based on millimeter‐waves technology in the 30 to 60 GHz frequency range. The proposed biosensor can detect the pathogenic bacteria in different food samples by using a diamond‐shape microstrip slot antenna. The bacteriophage‐bacterium interaction is detected through the dynamic changes in transmission lines and antennas responses. The correctness of the antenna to detect E. coli in real food sample (tomato) is also investigated. The results indicate that, through the designed sensing elements, the transient interaction between bacteria and phage can effectively be detected. This sensing mechanism allows for a faster, more accurate, and low‐cost detection of pathogenic bacteria than traditional assays. Finally, the results are compared with previously reported sensing techniques.
A novel structural detailing for the improvement of seismic and progressive collapse performances of RC frames
Authors: Lin Kaiqi , Lu Xinzheng , Li Yi , Zhuo Weidong , Guan Hong
Published: August 2019

Earthquake‐induced building collapse and progressive collapse due to accidental local failure of vertical components are the two most common failure modes of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures. Conventional design methods usually focus on the design requirements of a specific hazard but neglect the interactions between different designs. For example, the progressive collapse design of an RC frame often yields increased reinforcement and flexural strength of the beams. As a result, the seismic design principle of “strong‐column‐weak‐beam” may be violated, which may lead to unfavorable failure modes and weaken the seismic performance. To avoid these adverse effects of the progressive collapse design on the seismic resistance of RC frames, a novel structural detailing is proposed in this study. The proposed detailing technique intends to concurrently improve the seismic and progressive collapse performances of an RC frame by changing the layout of the newly added longitudinal reinforcement against progressive collapse without introducing any additional reinforcement. A six‐story RC frame is used as the prototype building for this investigation. Both cyclic and progressive collapse tests are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed structural detailing. Based on the experimental results, detailed finite element (FE) models of the RC frame with different reinforcement layouts are established. The seismic and progressive collapse resistances of different models are compared based on the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and nonlinear dynamic alternate path (AP) methods, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed structural detailing can effectively resolve the conflict between the seismic and progressive collapse designs.
Long noncoding RNA GAS5 silencing inhibits the expression of KCNQ3 by sponging miR‐135a‐5p to prevent the progression of epilepsy
Authors: Li Bao‐Guang , Wu Wen‐Juan , Zheng Hua‐Cheng , Yang Hua‐Fang , Zuo Yue‐Xian , Cui Xiao‐Pu
Published: August 2019

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be important players in neurological diseases. Herein, this study aimed to examine the effect of lncRNA GAS5 on the occurrence of epilepsy in rat and cell models of epileptic seizure. The expression of lncRNA GAS5 was measured in the established rat and cell models. The binding sites between lncRNA GAS5 and miR‐135a‐5p, as well as those between miR‐135a‐5p and 3′ untranslated region of KCNQ3 were predicted by miRDB and Targetscan, separately, followed by verification using dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of miR‐135a‐5p was measured in response to the overexpression of lncRNA GAS5. The mRNA and protein levels of KCNQ3 were examined in response to overexpression of miR‐135a‐5p. Next, the latency of epilepsy and frequency of epileptic seizures were assessed in rats injected with Lv‐shGAS5 and Lv‐miR‐135a‐5p in epileptic seizure model. In the rat and cell models, lncRNA GAS5 was highly expressed when epileptic seizure was induced. The expression of miR‐135a‐5p was decreased by overexpression of lncRNA GAS5. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein levels of KCNQ3 were decreased in response to knockdown of miR‐135a‐5p. After the treatment of Lv‐shGAS5 and Lv‐miR‐135a‐5p, the average latent period of epilepsy was prolonged and the frequency of seizures was decreased. The key findings of the present study provide evidence emphasizing that lncRNA GAS5 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR‐135a‐5p to increase expression of KCNQ3, and lncRNA GAS5 silencing inhibited the occurrence and progression of epilepsy.
The effects of behavioural counselling on the determinants of health behaviour change in adults with chronic musculoskeletal conditions making lifestyle changes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Martin Emma S. , Dobson Fiona , Hall Michelle , Marshall Charlotte , Egerton Thorlene
Published: August 2019

Objective

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled trials was carried out to examine the effect of behavioural counselling on determinants of behaviour change in adults with chronic, painful musculoskeletal conditions.

Methods

Seven databases were searched up to January 2019. Two reviewers independently screened title/abstracts and full texts. Eligible trials included those including participants over 18 years of age with a chronic, painful musculoskeletal condition, a measurement of at least one behavioural determinant and lifestyle behaviour, and where behavioural counselling was the distinguishing intervention. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Meta‐analyses were conducted, using standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) when at least two trials examined the same outcome. The quality of the evidence was evaluated using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.

Results

Fourteen unique trials, reported in 16 publications, were included. Low‐quality evidence showed that behavioural counselling has a small effect on increasing self‐reported physical activity (standardized mean difference 0.26; 95% CI 0.00, 0.53). Very‐low‐quality evidence showed that behavioural counselling has a moderate effect on self‐efficacy related to physical activity (standardized mean difference 0.69; 95% CI 0.19, 1.18). Low‐quality evidence suggested that behavioural counselling has no effect on symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Conclusions

Behavioural counselling may help to increase self‐reported physical activity levels in adults with chronic painful musculoskeletal conditions. Self‐efficacy may be a behavioural determinant in an underlying causal pathway explaining positive lifestyle change.
Studying executive functions in senior preschoolers
Authors: Veraksa Alexander , Almazova Olga , Bukhalenkova Daria
Published: August 2019

This study analyzed connections between different components of executive functions (EF; inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility) among 1,075 preschool children in Moscow. The results suggested greater heterochronicity in different EF component levels for girls compared with boys. Factor analysis showed the best fit for a three‐factor model.
Optimizing the Stoichiometry of Ga2O3 Grown by RF‐Magnetron Sputter Deposition by Correlating Optical Properties and Growth Parameters
Authors: Schurig Philipp , Couturier Marcel , Becker Martin , Polity Angelika , Klar Peter Jens
Published: August 2019

β‐Ga2O3 thin films are deposited by radiofrequency (RF)‐magnetron sputtering on quartz and c‐sapphire substrates using a ceramic stoichiometric Ga2O3 target and a constant flux of argon process gas. Oxygen flux, heater power, and sputtering power are varied in the synthesis of the layers. The resulting Ga2O3 layers are analyzed in terms of their structural and optical properties. Based on this analysis, the process parameters leading to the formation of an optimized β‐Ga2O3 layer are identified. The main challenge in obtaining the stoichiometric β‐Ga2O3 thin films by sputter deposition is to overcome the influence of a strong preferential sputtering of Ga from the ceramic target. This can be achieved by adding a suitable fraction of oxygen to the argon process gas used in the deposition process. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the refractive index dispersion of β‐Ga2O3 depends strongly on its composition. Thus, a combined analysis of refractive index dispersion and optical bandgap position may serve as a valuable preliminary probe of the thin film's composition.
Assessment of heterogeneity in an individual participant data meta‐analysis of prediction models: An overview and illustration
Authors: Steyerberg Ewout W. , Nieboer Daan , Debray Thomas P.A. , van Houwelingen Hans C.
Published: August 2019

Clinical prediction models aim to provide estimates of absolute risk for a diagnostic or prognostic endpoint. Such models may be derived from data from various studies in the context of a meta‐analysis. We describe and propose approaches for assessing heterogeneity in predictor effects and predictions arising from models based on data from different sources. These methods are illustrated in a case study with patients suffering from traumatic brain injury, where we aim to predict 6‐month mortality based on individual patient data using meta‐analytic techniques (15 studies, n = 11 022 patients). The insights into various aspects of heterogeneity are important to develop better models and understand problems with the transportability of absolute risk predictions.
“I just do what the boys tell me”: Exploring small group student interactions in an integrated STEM unit
Authors: Wieselmann Jeanna R. , Dare Emily A. , Ring‐Whalen Elizabeth A. , Roehrig Gillian H.
Published: August 2019

Gender equity issues remain a challenge in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, where women are highly underrepresented. As integrated STEM instruction becomes increasingly popular in elementary and middle school classrooms, it is important to consider whether the small group activities that are commonplace in STEM instruction support the equitable participation of young girls. This study builds on the existing body of literature to better understand how gender is related to student participation in small group STEM activities and whether students participate differently in science and engineering activities. A single embedded case study was used to explore the experiences of four students aged 10–11 years as they participated in small group work within an integrated STEM unit in their fifth‐grade classroom. Two girls and two boys worked together throughout the unit to explore science content related to electromagnetism and apply their content knowledge to an engineering design challenge. Video and audio of students' small group interactions were analyzed using an observation protocol to code their participation in each 3‐min segment of STEM activity. Student‐ and case‐level analyses were used to identify patterns of interaction based on gender and type of activity (science vs. engineering). Findings suggest that boys and girls participate in small group STEM activities in different ways, adopting distinct roles within their group. In addition, students displayed divergent patterns of interaction in science‐ and engineering‐focused lessons, suggesting that students need additional practice and support in navigating between science and engineering in integrated STEM units.
Study on control method of a distributed power flow controller
Authors: Tang Aihong , Shao Yunlu , Xu Qiushi , Zheng Xu , Huang Yong
Published: August 2019

Based on the topology and working principle of a distributed power flow controller (DPFC) and using the principle of linear superposition, in this article, an equivalent circuit of DPFC is constructed, and a mathematical model for the dynamic energy exchange of the third harmonic between DPFC series and shunt converters is derived, considering the energy constraint relationship between series and shunt converters. Based on this accurate model, the nonlinear models of the DPFC converters both in the shunt and series side are constructed, and their feedback linearization equations are deduced, consequently, the decoupling control strategy of the DPFC is proposed. The DPFC based on the proposed control method can well respond to the systems control requirements whether the systems are in normal operation or in fault. The achievements of this study will provide the theoretical basis for further research and engineering applications of DPFC with powerful functions, low investment cost and small operation and maintenance cost, and small footprint. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Quasinormal modes of magnetic black branes at finite ’t Hooft coupling
Authors: Waeber Sebastian
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The aim of this work is to extend the knowledge about Quasinormal Modes (QNMs) and the equilibration of strongly coupled systems, specifically of a quark gluon plasma (which we consider to be in a strong magnetic background field) by using the duality between

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 4 Super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory and type IIb Super Gravity (SUGRA) and including higher derivative corrections. The behaviour of the equilibrating system can be seen as the response of the system to tiny excitations. A quark gluon plasma in a strong magnetic background field, as produced for very short times during an actual heavy ion collision, is described holographically by certain metric solutions to 5D Einstein-Maxwell- (Chern-Simons) theory, which can be obtained from type IIb SUGRA. We are going to compute higher derivative corrections to this metric and consider α′ 3 corrections to tensor- quasinormal modes in this background geometry. We find indications for a strong influence of the magnetic background field on the equilibration behaviour also and especially when we include higher derivative corrections.
EpiFIT: functional interpretation of transcription factors based on combination of sequence and epigenetic information
Authors: Song Shaoming , Cui Hongfei , Chen Shengquan , Liu Qiao , Jiang Rui
Published: August 2019

Background

Transcription factor is one of the most important regulators in the transcriptional process. Nevertheless, the functional interpretation of transcription factors is still a main challenge due to the poor performance of methods relating to regulatory regions to genes. Epigenetic information, such as chromatin accessibility, contains genome‐wide knowledge about transcription regulation and thus may shed light on the functional interpretation of transcription factors.

Methods

We propose EpiFIT (Epigenetic based Functional Interpretation of Transcription factors), a tool to infer functions of transcription factors from ChIP‐seq data. Briefly, we adopt a variable distance rule to establish associations between regulatory regions and nearby genes. The associations are then filtered to ensure that the remaining regions and associated genes are co‐open. Finally, GO enrichment is applied to all related genes and a ranking list of GO terms is provided as functional interpretation.

Results

We first examined the chromatin openness correlation between regulatory regions and associated genes. The correlation can help EpiFIT purify regulatory region–gene associations. By evaluating EpiFIT on a set of real data, we demonstrated that EpiFIT outperforms other existing methods for precisely interpreting transcription factor functions. We further verify the efficiency of openness in interpretation and the ability of EpiFIT to build distal region‐gene associations.

Conclusion

EpiFIT is a powerful tool for interpreting the transcription factor functions. We believe EpiFIT will facilitate the functional interpretation of other regulatory elements, and thus open a new door to understanding the regulatory mechanism.

Availability

The application is freely accessible at website: bioinfo.au.tsinghua.edu.cn/openness/EpiFIT/.
Who Tells Your Story: Contested History at the NAM
Authors: DELTON JENNIFER
Published: August 2019

From 1948 to 1960, an executive secretary at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) attempted to persuade NAM leaders to commission an “objective” history of the organization. The project never came to fruition, but the story reveals a fundamental split within the NAM between its professional staff and its conservative leadership over the organization’s mission. It thus offers a unique perspective on the NAM not as a powerful lobby, but as a contested workplace with its own fraught dynamics, which, in turn, reveals a more progressive image of the 1950s-era NAM than historians have typically recognized.
Ecological Regression with Partial Identification
Authors: Jiang Wenxin , King Gary , Schmaltz Allen , Tanner Martin A.
Published: August 2019

Ecological inference (EI) is the process of learning about individual behavior from aggregate data. We relax assumptions by allowing for “linear contextual effects,” which previous works have regarded as plausible but avoided due to nonidentification, a problem we sidestep by deriving bounds instead of point estimates. In this way, we offer a conceptual framework to improve on the Duncan–Davis bound, derived more than 65 years ago. To study the effectiveness of our approach, we collect and analyze 8,430 $2\times 2$ EI datasets with known ground truth from several sources—thus bringing considerably more data to bear on the problem than the existing dozen or so datasets available in the literature for evaluating EI estimators. For the 88% of real data sets in our collection that fit a proposed rule, our approach reduces the width of the Duncan–Davis bound, on average, by about 44%, while still capturing the true district-level parameter about 99% of the time. The remaining 12% revert to the Duncan–Davis bound.
MEDEA'S SOL-IPSISM: LANGUAGE, POWER AND IDENTITY IN SENECA'S MEDEA
Authors: Campbell Celia Mitchell
Published: August 2019

Recent investigations of Seneca'sMedeahave found consistently fascinating the way in which Medea progressively flags her realization of enacted identity and selfhood. She self-consciously pierces the fabric of her drama with identifying declarations, colored by especial reference to her name: the announcementMedea superest(‘Medea remains’, 166) and bald statement offiam(‘I will be’, 171) in response to hearing her own name lead to the supreme utterance ofMedea nunc sum(‘now I am Medea’, 910). Medea conjures herself into being with these three identifications, stepping fully into the troubling contours she knows of not only her own mythology, but also her literary history. Medea's dominating focus on her name allows this layered acknowledgement of self, of Medea as both mythological figure and literary fixture. In resultant discussions, the weight given to her name in precipitating this sense of identity within her play has, quite naturally, led to a proportionate emphasis uponwhoMedea is. In some ways, Medea's notably self-annotative process ofbecoming‘Medea’ eclipses other useful interrogative frameworks of her identity: the spotlight on the ‘who’ of Medea comes somewhat at the expense of the ‘what’, or the ‘how’. This is not to say that such categories are not mutually informative or intertwined, for Medea (by Seneca's time) does, in fact, have a defining act: the murder of her children. Who Medea is stems from what she does, the sentiment vividly expressed byMedea nunc sum. In light of these considerations, I would suggest a different perspective from which to conceptualize Medea's identity, one that takes into account the paired aspects of being and doing that together comprise an understanding of character, especially within drama. This perspective departs from a framework dependent on progressive structural characterization, as represented by the trio of passages cited above, and focuses instead on characterization via demonstrated patterns of linguistic tendency, on both macroscopic and microscopic levels. From the beginning, Medea displays measured consistency with her relentless knowledge of self as she transforms these categories of identification and action: as the play develops, her sense of ‘this is who I am’becomes‘this is what I do’.
THE EMPIRE IN THE EPITOME: FLORUS AND THE CONQUEST OF HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Hudson Jared M.
Published: August 2019

Sorting out just what Florus’ condensed work of history is has proved a significant impediment to an understanding of what it might mean. F.R.D. Goodyear's terse précis of Florus ‘The historian’—carefully decoupled from ‘The orator’ and ‘The poet’—in the Cambridge History of Classical Literature begins tellingly: ‘Florus’ outline of Roman history, ending with Augustus, was in late antiquity inaccurately described as an epitome of Livy.’ This is accurate enough. Despite the transmitted title, Epitoma(e) de Tito Liuio (also Bellorum omnium annorum septingentorum libri n. duo), Florus’ work is notably distinct from, say, Justin's abridgment of Pompeius Trogus or the Livian Periochae. Livy looms large in Florus’ history, but at no point in the text is he signaled by name, and numerous structural and thematic features mark this diminutive work's divergence from its huge predecessor. Florus’ Tableau (Jal's chosen title) simply doesn't read as mere paraphrase of Ab urbe condita. He frequently reshuffles, omits, or contradicts material found in Livy, or covers content that Livy does not include, or does not reach chronologically. Alongside Livy, Cato, Caesar, Sallust, Virgil, Seneca the Elder, Lucan, and (seemingly) Tacitus are conspicuous presences in Florus. Much has been said about how Florus fails to be a proper epitome. However, and perhaps more significantly as regards the reception of Florus’ quirky historiography, Goodyear's emphatic non-definition reinforces a summary dismissal of Florus’ value as a text. That is to say, in such a portrayal (and in that of many others), Florus suffers double punishment. He ‘has little to say which is new or remarkable’, but at the same time definitely fails as a reliable compiler. Derivative, and yet faithless: whatever Florus may be, he is something worse than epitome.
On Being a Twenty-First-Century Theatre Historian
Authors: WILES DAVID
Published: August 2019

This series of provocations on the changing work of theatre historians opens with a contribution by David Wiles, who recounts a meeting of IFTR's Theatre Historiography Working Group in London in 2018. Wiles's reflection is followed by responses from scholars working in or on different regions, including perspectives by Oscar Tantoco Serquiña, Jr (Philippines), Lorena Verzero (Latin America) and Promona Sengupta (India).
’Tis Eighty Years Since: Panteleimon Kulish's Gothic Ukraine
Authors: Sobol Valeria
Published: August 2019

This article explores the ideological implications of the Gothic mode in Panteleimon Kulish's first novel Mikhailo Charnyshenko, or Little Russia Eighty Years Ago (1843). I show that the multiple Gothic tropes employed in the novel—from Walter Scottian ruins and towers to exotic demonic villains, uncanny ethnic Others, and supernatural phantoms—produce an intricate play of temporalities, identities, and allegiances that ultimately create a highly ambivalent vision of the Ukrainian heroic past as both an object of Romantic nostalgia and a dark period of chaos overcome by the country's incorporation into the Russian empire. Rather than dismissing Kulish's engagement with the Gothic as a tribute to the fashionable western trend, I argue that this mode serves as a conduit to some of the work's most pressing ideological and historical concerns and ultimately yields a more nuanced insight into the author's complex position as a Ukrainian writer in the Russian empire.
Il΄ia Repin in Paris: Mediating French Modernism
Authors: Leigh Allison
Published: August 2019

This article explores the development of a singular painting by Russia's most famous realist painter, Il΄ia Repin. First exhibited under the titleUn café du boulevard, the work was conceived during Repin's stay in Paris from 1873–75. Repin himself described the work as “the main types of Paris in their most typical place,” but what he produced proves a departure for the young artist, not only in terms of its Parisian subject matter. Careful analysis of Repin's letters and the work itself shows him searching for a stylistic language that had universal translatability in this moment, one that he importantly associated with the French artist Édouard Manet. Understanding how Repin came to center his painting on cocottes and flâneurs, the foremost heroes of west European urbanity, allows for a new understanding of transnational connections in late nineteenth-century art, one in which Russian artists mediated French modernism as it was developing.