bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam Rangka Pengusulan Warga yang masuk dalam DTKS
Authors: Suryamen Haris , Ahmad Fadhlullah
Published: December 2023

Kemiskinan merupakan suatu ketidakmampuan dalam mencukupi kebutuhan hidup seperti kurangnya materi atau penghasilan yang didapatkan (Jiang & Ye, 2009). Untuk membantu masyarakat yang kurang mampu dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraannya, pemerintah menciptakan suatu program yang diberi nama Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial (DTKS) yang di dalamnya terdapat berbagi program bantuan pemerintah seperti Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT), Bantuan Sosial, Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP), Kartu Indonesia Sehat (KIS). DTKS ini merupakan program pemerintah dimana ditujukan untuk masyarakat kurang mampu yang bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Pada penelitian ini penulis mengambil studi kasus di Kelurahan Pagambiran Ampalu Nan XX dimana pada kelurahan tersebut untuk pengambilan keputusan masih bersifat manual sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama dikarenakan jumlah penduduk yang tidak sedikit sehingga tidak efektif dan efisien. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu dalam memberikan rekomendasi warga yang lolos DTKS agar keputusan yang didapat lebih akurat. Salah satu metode pada sistem pendukung keputusan adalah metode TOPSIS. Metode TOPSIS akan menghitung nilai dari kriteria setiap alternatif yang nantinya akan menghasilkan peringkat warga yang layak lolos untuk diberikan bantuan. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang bagaimana membangun aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan untuk menentukan warga yang layak lolos DTKS. Kriteria dalam menentukan keputusan status tempat tinggal, luas bangunan, sumber air minum, daya listrik, bahan bakar utama untuk memasak, penghasilan, jumlah tanggungan. Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah dapat memudahkan petugas kelurahan dalam hal ini Petugas Sosial Mandiri dalam menentukan warga yang layak lolos DTKS berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan.
Investigating Determinants Impacting the Uptake of Iron/Folic Acid Supplementation among Antenatal Attendees at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital: A Prospective Analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry Kampala International University, Uganda., Abdirahman Hayat Mustafa
Published: December 2023

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify and analyze the determinants affecting the utilization of Iron/Folic Acid Supplements (IFAS) among women attending antenatal care (ANC) at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH) in Hoima City, Western Uganda. Conducted from February to March 2021, this regional hospital-based study employed convenience sampling to recruit 345 pregnant women receiving ANC services at HRRH. Questionnaire tools were utilized for data collection, ensuring accuracy and completeness. Data underwent coding and entry into Epi Info version 7, subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics summarized the variables, while frequencies and percentages were presented through figures and tables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to ascertain factors associated with IFAS utilization. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test assessed the goodness-of-fit of the final logistic regression model. Findings revealed that 42.1% of pregnant women attending ANC at HRRH utilized IFAS. The majority (82.03%) attended less than four ANC visits, with 43.19% reporting anemia during their current pregnancy. Moreover, 84.93% resided more than 30 minutes away from the hospital. Significant determinants influencing IFAS utilization included knowledge about its benefits, history of abortion, awareness about anemia, receiving health education on IFAS during ANC visits, and encountering no problems at the health facility (p < 0.05). The study highlights a low level of IFAS utilization among ANC attendees at HRRH. Factors such as awareness of IFAS benefits, history of abortion, knowledge about anemia, receiving education during ANC visits, and encountering no facility-related issues significantly influenced the uptake. Efforts to enhance education and address logistical barriers could improve IFAS utilization among pregnant women attending ANC at HRRH. Keywords: Iron, folic acid, anemia, Pregnant women, Antenatal care
Complex simplicity of the art work by Ljubinka Jovanović Mihailović
Authors: Rosić Tiodor
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes the main features of Ljubinka Jovanović Mihailović's art work. The task was to point out the basic poetic properties of this painter's art work, but also its relative neglect. Analytical-synthetic method was used in this paper. The complex simplicity of her paintings was presented, the nature of her art objects was discussed and it was said that her art work in its cardinal flow belongs to abstract geometricism. Apostrophized, accordingly, have been also geometric sections, wide colored surfaces - often in color contrast between dark, ultramarine, purple, gold, silver colors, which makes a unique mix of picturesque chromatic changes in the painting of Ljubinka Jovanović Mihailović. The object reductionism of her paintings has been highlighted, as well as the coloristic symbiosis with Serbian-Byzantine frescoes and icons.
Numerical study the effect of air barriers height inside the air conditioning ducting to satisfy the regulation of Indonesia Minister of Transportation number 69 of 2019
Authors: Fauzun Fauzun , Yogiswara Cahyo , Ariyadi Hifni , Taufiqurrahman Muhammad , Ritonga Aldy , Pranoto Indro , Garingging Rendianto , Areli Fakhreza , Putra Rahma , Al-Qadri Maulana , Fatkhi Afrizal , Nurdiansyah Rahardian , Restu Firdausa
Published: December 2023

The Indonesian smart hybrid light train is a train under development by the government and will operate in Makassar-Parepare, Indonesia track. The authors conducted a numerical study on CFD to investigate the air flow distribution inside the air conditioning ducting and the air velocity and air temperature distribution on Motor Engine and Compartment (MEC) car to achieve the passenger comfort criteria based on the regulation standard of Indonesia Minister of Transportation Number 69 of 2019. This study was conducted by simulating 5 variations of air barriers height inside the supply ducts. The input of air into the ducting has the parameters of mass flow rate, static temperature, static pressure, and density with the values of 1 kg/s, 20 °C, 1 atm, and 1.2 kg/m 3 , respectively. The simulation results show that variation E is the best design which generated the average air velocity and air temperature distribution in the executive passenger cabin with the values of 0.25 m/s and 21.91 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, the other 4 variations did not satisfy the standard. The results also show that the ducting geometry can accommodate the air temperature difference on the MEC car that does not exceed 1.5 °C and the air supply is sufficient from the air conditioner unit to the driver room.
Attachment, relational maintenance behaviors and relationship quality in romantic long-distance relationships: A dyadic perspective
Authors: Bouchard Geneviève , Gaudet Madeleine , Cloutier Gabrielle , Martin Myriam
Published: December 2023

This study tested an actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) in which dyadic relational maintenance behaviors (RMBs) mediate the relationship between romantic attachment (i.e., anxious and avoidant) and multiple indicators of relationship quality among couples in long-distance relationships (LDRs). Data were collected from 137 couples (women’s mean age = 20.37 years; men’s mean age = 21.93) who were in a serious romantic LDR and who completed an attachment measure, a measure of dyadic RMBs, and four measures of relationship quality (i.e., relationship satisfaction, relational commitment, closeness with the partner, and connection with others). Path analyses revealed significant actor and partner effects. Moreover, a total mediation between women’s anxious attachment and both partners’ relationship quality, and a partial mediation between men’s and women’s avoidant attachment and their own relationship quality were uncovered. Overall, the results suggest that, for couples in LDRs, one partner’s behaviors, cognitions, or emotions influence each member of the dyad as well as the quality of the relationship.
Potential of Microfinance Self-Help Group Lending Approach on Street Vendors’ Access to Financial Resources: Experience from Arusha, Tanzania
Authors: Mgema Japhet M. , Kilambo Sekunda D. , Rukiko Bahati J.
Published: December 2023

This paper aimed to assess the potential of microfinance Self-Help Group Lending (SHGL) approach on street vendors’ access to financial resources. The study was conducted in Arusha district in Arusha City Tanzania. The study was guided by Social Capital Theory (SCT) and Life-Cycle Hypothesis Theory (LCHT). A cross-sectional research design was used where a Sample size was purposively selected at one point in time based on one’s engagement in group lending activities. A Cochran (1977) formula was used to calculate the sample size for the unknown population where 400 street vendors were reached. Questionnaire and key informants’ interviews were used to collect primary data. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis supplemented each other to enable in-depth description of the potential of microfinance SHGL approach on access to financial resources by street vendors. Findings revealed that there is a relationship between group lending and access to financial services at Pearson Correlation 0.782. However, Nature of the business of the borrowing member, individual repayment history, insufficient savings by members, entrepreneurial skills and uncertainty of the market safety and operating environment hinders group lending operations. It is recommended that local authorities and formal banking systems should open microfinance windows for small business to access financial resources to enable their business operations.
“Do Mutual Funds Deliver Alpha”; An assessment of Mutual the Funds Industry in the United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Ngowi Harrison
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to assess if “Mutual fund can deliver Alpha”. Alpha being the measure of performance in excess to market performance (Alpha = mutual funds return – market return). In assessing the performance of mutual funds in UK, the study employed descriptive research whereby qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. The study assessed the performance of 50 mutual funds for the period of 19 years from January 2001 to December 2019 using data from Financial Times (FT)  all share market index. The result shows mutual funds significantly performed below the market performance. Study recommends investors to use mutual funds as investment vehicles to earn normal return rather than expecting abnormal return and other evaluation metrics measures free from assumption limitations to be used to assess the performance of mutual funds.
أثر تطوير المنظومة اللوجستية علي الميزة التنافسية بالموانئ " مقارنة بين ميناء روتردام و دمياط "
Authors:   سامح فرحات السيد, محمد البديوى السيد ,   مختار حبشي
Published: December 2023

المستخلص تلعب الموانئ دورًا هامًا في تعزيز التبادل التجاري والدولي والإقليمي، لذا عمدت الكثير من الدول لتطوير قدرات موانيها وتعزيز كفاءتها وتحسين جودة الخدمات المقدمة لتلبية احتياجات العملاء الحالية والمستقبلية؛ وتحسين كفاءة الموانئ مما يؤدي لزيادة حجم التداول وتخفيض التكاليف وتقليل فترة بقاء السفن. تعد الموانئ ركيزة أساسية وداعمة للتنمية الاقتصادية في أي دولة حول العالم، ولقد أصبح تعزيز دور الموانئ وزيادة قدرتها التنافسية من الضروريات لمواكبة المتغيرات المتسارعة في الجوانب الاقتصادية والتكنولوجية؛ حيث ركزت الموانئ على تحسين بيئة أعمالها لتقديم خدمات متميزة عن غيرها من المنافسين من خلال التحسين المستمر، واستحداث وسائل تكنولوجية حديثة لتقديم خدمات لوجستية متكاملة. وميناء دمياط يعد أحد الموانئ اللوجستية ومقارنتة بأحد أهم المواني الاوربية من حيث تطور المنظومة اللوجستية. ومن هنا يعد روتردام نموذجا لوجيستي ناجحا في جذب مراكز اللوجيستيات الاوربية والنشاطات الاقتصادية. وإستكمالاً لتقييم وضع ميناء دمياط تمهيداً للتعرض لدوره كميناء لوجيستى فقد إستعرضت الدراسة البيئة الداخلية للميناء من حيث تصميم الميناء وخصائصه المميزة ومعوقات تنميته ، كذلك أجرت الدراسة مقارنة بين ميناء دمياط وميناء روتردام لتحديد الوضع التنافسى لميناء دمياط أو قدرته على جذب تجارة الترانزيت والتى تعد أحد مقومات إنشاء المركز اللوجيستى . يسعى البحث لإلقاء الضوء على مشكلة هامة يواجهها ميناء دمياط متمثلة في عدم الاستغلال الأمثل لموارد ميناء دمياط سواء الطبيعية أو الصناعية مما أدى إلى تدني دخل الميناء، والذي تعتمد عليه الدولة كمصدر أساسي لتمويل مشاريع التنمية بمصر.
Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Frameworks Implementation on The Vessel Traffic Service Surabaya to Increase Maritime Regional Safety and Security in The Surabaya West Access Channel
Authors: Anwar Syaiful
Published: December 2023

The Surabaya West Access Channel has an average of ship that sails across Madura straits from 2008 - 2013 is 20,582 per year and there is a total of 47 accidents recorded from 2015 – 2018 and piracy crimes occurred for 13 cases from 2013 – 2018. The Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) is established to reduce these risks by performing the function of providing information service, navigational assistance, and traffic organizational service. This study aims to list the requirements of IMO A.857 and IALA V – 128 for the VTS then conduct a comparative analysis and score the level of implementation of regulations in the VTS Surabaya. The final result of scoring is the implementation of rules from IMO A.857 which gains 81%, which is higher than the implementation of IALA V–128 which only gains 67% of compliance. Several recommendations were made directed to the policymakers to elevate the efficiency of work of the VTS Surabaya.
Impact of financial literacy on Credit Availability of farmers in Jiangsu Province China: A mediation effect of risk attitudes
Authors: Cheng Kangkang , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Khatibi Ali
Published: December 2023

The level of financial literacy of farmers is an important condition for determining whether their credit needs can be effectively met. The objectives of this study are to explore the rural credit model in China, to understand the credit needs of farmers, to improve the existing credit constraints in rural areas, to increase the availability of credit to farmers, to promote the development of rural finance, and to better serve the production and life of farmers .Based on this, this study, on the basis of combing the literature, establishes a theoretical model to explore in-depth the mechanism of the influence of financial literacy of rural households on their level of access to credit in Jiangsu, China, based on the perspective of the mediating effect of the risk attitudes of rural households. The result of the study shows that, firstly, financial literacy has a significant effect on risk attitude and credit availability. Secondly, the effect of risk attitude on credit availability is significant. Thirdly, risk attitude plays a partially mediating effect in the impact of financial literacy on credit availability, i.e., the higher the level of financial literacy, the more risk-averse the farmers are and thus more likely to choose formal credit.
Navigating Shadows: The Impact of Social Stigma on the Mental Health of the Transgender Community in South Asia
Authors: Suleman Danish , Kashif Aisha , Gul Seema , Hamid Suriya , Yunus Asma
Published: December 2023

This qualitative study explores the intricate relationship between social stigma and mental health among the transgender community in Lahore, Pakistan, and Delhi, India. Through 16 in-depth interviews, the research employs thematic analysis to uncover the core themes that emerge from the personal narratives of transgender individuals in these culturally diverse yet challenging environments. The thematic analysis revealed several key themes: the pervasive impact of societal rejection, the psychological toll of discrimination, resilience in the face of adversity, and the quest for identity and acceptance. Participants' accounts vividly portray the harsh realities of living as a transgender individual in societies where deep-seated stigma is prevalent. Many described experiences of ostracization from family and community, leading to feelings of isolation and psychological distress. The stigma associated with their gender identity often resulted in discrimination in various spheres of life, including employment, healthcare, and social interactions, further exacerbating their mental health challenges. Despite these adversities, a recurring theme of resilience emerged. Participants shared coping strategies and support systems that helped them navigate these challenges. The stories highlighted not only their struggles but also their strength and determination to live authentically. This study sheds light on the urgent need for societal change and policy reform to support the mental health and well-being of the transgender community in Lahore and Delhi. The findings provide valuable insights for mental health professionals, policymakers, and advocates, emphasizing the importance of creating inclusive and supportive environments that respect and affirm transgender identities.
theoretical perspective of reading in English second language classrooms
Authors: Ithindi Sylvia
Published: December 2023

Several language experts have proposed language models that provide a solid foundation for effective second language acquisition. This paper aims to review language theories and explain their relevance to English Second Language (ESL) learning through reading. The ultimate goal is to develop theoretical measures whose considerations and implementations could motivate learners to read more in order to effectively learn ESL, thereby improving academic performance. This paper highlights three theoretical lenses that contribute to the understanding of second language acquisition through reading, namely social constructivism, the input hypothesis, BICS and CALP theory. The study discovered that reading instruction in ESL should be practiced through a combination of multimodality, social interaction, and comprehensive input. The integration and use of appropriate technologies in ESL classrooms, teachers' awareness of their learners' developmental level, exposure to challenging reading materials, and the development of learners' critical thinking skills are all necessary components of second language acquisition. These components should be executed properly in the reading lessons for the learners to acquire ESL to the degree of proficiency.
politics of language and football coaching in Zimbabwe
Authors: Kufakunesu Patson , Svongoro Paul
Published: December 2023

This article examines how the language policy of the Zimbabwe Football Association (ZIFA) influences the selection of the language used in the delivery of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) coaching courses and how this choice impacts football development in Zimbabwe. Linguistic imperialism (Phillipson, 1992) was adopted as the theoretical framework for this study. Using document analysis, the study investigates how ZIFA’s language policy accommodates or excludes people of different languages in football activities. The language policies of FIFA, CAF, and those regional football associations are also analysed to appreciate how they compare with the language policy of ZIFA. Six principles drawn from Phillipson’s (1992) theory of linguistic imperialism were used as tools of analysis in this research. Findings from this study were presented following themes that emanated from language provisions as presented in documents selected as sources of data for the study. The study revealed that the hegemony of European languages has been perpetuated in football matters, with English maintaining traction in ZIFA’s statutes, as the bona fide language of football. Consequently, the participation of some speakers of indigenous languages in football activities such as coaching courses has been curtailed.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Menggunakan Teknik Kata Kunci Siswa Kelas XII IPA 4 Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 4 Tanjungpinang
Authors: Nurmiani Nurmiani
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis puisi siswa kelas XII IPA 4 SMAN 4 Tanjungpinang melalui teknik kata kunci. Fokus penelitian ini adalah efektivitas teknik kata kunci dalam peningkatan kemampuan menulis puisi dan perubahan perilaku siswa dalam pembelajaran apresiasi puisi. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui tes prestasi akademik, yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa dari 74,44 di siklus pertama menjadi 80,39 di siklus kedua. Dengan demikian, teknik kata kunci efektif dalam meningkatkan prestasi akademik siswa dalam menulis puisi.
A Jurassic Tibetan theropod tooth reveals dental convergency and its implication for identifying fragmentary fossils
Authors: Yu Yilun , Yi Hongyu , Wang Shiying , Pei Rui , Zhang Chi , Xu Xing
Published: December 2023

The Tibetan Plateau is among the least explored areas in terms of dinosaur paleontology in the world. Here, we report a dromaeosaurid-like tooth from the Middle Jurassic Dongdaqiao Formation at the eastern part of the plateau. The tooth exhibits dromaeosaurid dental features such as the absence of constriction at the cervix, a relatively small crown-to-base ratio, a strongly recurved apex, and it lacks large transverse and marginal undulations. Parsimonious phylogenetic analyses using both dentition-based and complete morphological matrices support a dromaeosaurid affinity for this tooth and place this Tibetan theropod as the sister taxon to Velociraptor. However, Bayesian tip dating analyses based on the velociraptorine affinity of the Tibetan tooth place the majority of the diversifications of early-diverging Paravian within �C or earlier than �C the Middle Jurassic, which conflicts with the paravian fossil record. Furthermore, our discriminant analysis based on morphometric data places the Tibetan theropod within Metriacanthosauridae. These results may suggest that the broad resemblance between the Tibetan specimen and velociraptorine teeth is due to convergent evolution. Based on our results, other dromaeosaurid-like teeth reported from the Middle and Late Jurassic deposits throughout Eurasia could potentially be from non-dromaeosaurids. This study suggests the presence of an early diverged theropod lineage with a wide geographical distribution and potentially a dromaeosaurid-like dietary niche. This study also highlights the importance of using multiple lines of data to identify fragmentary fossils.
LNG - The key energy source in the medium-term on the way to carbon neutrality
Authors:   R. STAHL HMI Systems, Emde Ingo , Schmiedl Dr. Nadja
Published: December 2023

LNG stands for Liquefied Natural Gas and refers to natural gas that liquefies as it deep-cools to -162 °C and thereby shrinks to 1/600 of its original gaseous volume. It can therefore be stored or transported by ship or truck. The increasing importance of LNG as an energy source can be traced back to two causes. Firstly, it is widely available at competitive prices in an existing infrastructure. Secondly, it generates fewer and less dangerous emissions during combustion when compared to crude oil and coal. To date, LNG has primarily been used to generate power; however, thanks to its environmental advantages, there is growing interest in LNG as a medium of propulsion in the transport sector, for example in ships, trucks or even passenger vehicles. Thanks to these properties, LNG has become a key element within the context of the ongoing energy shift from fossil fuels (coal, crude oil, natural gas) to renewable, "green" energy sources.
Guidelines for CCC certification of Ex products in China
Authors:   R. STAHL Schaltgeräte GmbH, Walch Otto
Published: December 2023

Since 1st October 2019, new CCC certification rules have been in place for Ex products sold in China; these replace the previous National Production License System (NPLS). A transition period of one year was provided. By 1st October 2020, most Ex products sold in China must be covered by a new CCC Ex product certification and mark.
Digital support for visual inspections using deep learning
Authors:   Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena, Engelmann Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil Frank , Gerlach Johanna , Riedel Alexander
Published: December 2023

In accordance with IEC 60079-0, manufacturers of explosion-protected equipment are obligated to perform each routine test that is required in the 60079 series of standards. In addition, all necessary verification measures and inspections must be performed in order to ensure that the equipment corresponds to the documentation. [1] Overall, comprehensive quality assurance measures are required in order to ensure that explosion-protected products are safe. However, these are typically costly in terms of time, finances and staff. Visual inspections, in particular, are currently performed by members of staff to a large extent. Unfortunately, their ability to identify errors varies from person to person and depending on their alertness. The use of deep learning models offers huge potential for reducing the error rate in visual inspections. Smart object recognition enables product errors to be identified with consistent recognition accuracy. When it comes to traceability, too, the use of this technology offers many new opportunities. It enables data (image including estimate of object recognition algorithm) to be recorded during each visual inspection and assigned to the corresponding project.
Tell Me Where You Live and I Will Tell Your P@Ssw0rd: Understanding the Macrosocial Variables Influencing Password’s Strength
Authors: Bergeron Andreanne
Published: December 2023

Users’ habits in relation to cybersecurity are frequently examined from the micro perspective, using survey results to obtain impactful variables from individuals, focusing on usability and security factors of passwords. In this paper, the influence of macrosocial factors on password strength is studied in order to offer a global comprehension of the influence of the environment on users. Using the list of the 200 most common passwords by countries released by NordPass in 2021, logistic regression has been used to predict macrosocial variable influencing password strength. Results show that (1) Literacy level of a population; (2) Voice and accountability; (3) Level of global cybersecurity; and (4) Level of data breaches exposure significantly predict users’ password strength performance. The author discusses the impact of government on password hygiene of users hoping to influence the development of policies around cyber security configurations and investment set by nations and institutions.
CIRCULAR MOBILITY AND POVERTY IN URBAN MAMMINASATA METROPOLITAN INDONESIA
Authors: Asmirah  , Surya Batara , Karim Abdul , Sobirin
Published: December 2023

Migrants who come from rural areas are generally trapped in poor conditions when they do not have the competitiveness to get jobs in cities. The facts analyzed in this study are about circular mobility and poverty in the urban metropolitan area of Mamminasata. The focus of the analysis is the reason for choosing Makassar City as a mobility destination. The reason for choosing the circular mobility pattern in carrying out work. The income earned after doing mobility to make a living can help improve welfare. The focus of his research is vegetable and fruit traders, pastry traders, and used clothing traders who sell on the side of the road in the Makassar PLTU area. This type of qualitative research uses a grounded theory approach. Research informants were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research results show that; 1) Makassar City must be traveled hundreds of kilometers from the informant's place of origin but provides more income opportunities; 2) The mobility pattern chosen by the informant is circular mobility even though the distance is hundreds of kilometers because the income earned is more; 3) Nominally, the income of informants has increased but also bears large costs so that it is still tricky for informants to live decently. Makassar is a mobility destination because it gives hope of getting a more significant income. However, they have not been able to enjoy welfare because the cost of living has also soared.
Reforma administrativa das Nações Unidas: por que é difícil e porque é urgente
Authors: Vargas João Augusto
Published: December 2023

O artigo defende que a reforma administrativa das Nações Unidas – em especial, de seu processo orçamentário – é crucial para seu futuro. Faz breve apresentação sobre o orçamento e administração da ONU, aborda os problemas dos atuais processos administrativos e orçamentários da ONU e examina os possíveis próximos passos para a reforma administrativa da Organização, particularmente à luz de fatores como a eleição de António Guterres como secretário-geral, a crescente assertividade chinesa e a atitude do governo Trump.
A Inteligência Comercial sob a ótica de Larry Kahaner, Michael Porter e Elaine Marcial
Authors: Faria Félix
Published: December 2023

A inteligência comercial (IC) constitui processo informacional proativo que conduz à melhor tomada de decisão, seja ela estratégica ou operacional. Trata-se de processo sistemático que visa identificar as forças que regem os negócios, reduzir o risco e conduzir o tomador de decisão a agir antecipadamente, bem como proteger o conhecimento gerado. De acordo com Elaine Marcial, Kahaner foi quem melhor definiu o processo de IC. O trabalho de Elaine Marcial tem a vantagem de apresentar, de forma clara e objetiva, os principais conceitos e a evolução histórica da inteligência comercial. Larry Kahaner enfatiza que a base da IC está na diferenciação entre informação e inteligência e que, para apoiar a tomada de decisões, os executivos necessitam de inteligência e não de informação. Nesse contexto, o professor Michael Porter sinaliza que o propósito da competição não é a superação de rivais, mas a obtenção do lucro. A estrutura das cinco forças de Michael Porter facilita o entendimento dos objetivos reais da competição, já que se trata de uma luta que envolve diversos competidores e não apenas concorrentes. Apesar de recente, a IC vem crescendo no Brasil e empresas brasileiras estão cada vez mais propensas a recorrer a ferramentas de inteligência no mercado. A inteligência comercial, mais do que nunca, reveste-se de importância estratégica para que os tomadores de decisão públicos levem potenciais exportadores e investidores nacionais a abrirem portas em mercados estratégicos para o setor produtivo nacional.
Notas sobre as negociações orçamentárias das Nações Unidas
Authors: Feldman Luiz
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar o processo orçamentário das Nações Unidas e discutir elementos de uma perspectiva brasileira sobre a matéria. Apresenta, inicialmente, as prerrogativas e os procedimentos da V Comissão da Assembleia Geral, responsável pelos temas administrativos e orçamentários das Nações Unidas. Examina, a seguir, as negociações em torno do projeto de reforma administrativa da Organização, proposto pelo secretário‑geral António Guterres em 2017, e da revisão trienal das escalas de contribuição aos orçamentos obrigatórios da Organização ocorrida em 2018. Procura mostrar como foi possível, nessas negociações, evitar tanto a concessão de autoridades à burocracia internacional das Nações Unidas quanto a transferência de encargos entre Estados-membros. O artigo aponta uma tensão inerente à dinâmica da V Comissão: de um lado, o exercício de gestão sistêmica por parte das potências com interesses tidos como gerais; de outro, o recurso à concertação defensiva por parte da coalizão de países em desenvolvimento. Essa tensão é, até certo ponto, condicionada pela preponderância do Conselho de Segurança na definição da agenda orçamentária da Organização, focada principalmente na área de paz e segurança. Conclui-se que o processo orçamentário, campo estratégico para o funcionamento da Organização, contém importantes vias para o aumento da influência do Brasil nos destinos das Nações Unidas.
Missão Técnica Aeronáutica Brasileira na Bolívia: diplomacia da defesa a serviço do interesse brasileiro
Authors: Sobral Gilson , Garcia Laís
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo pretende caracterizar a Missão Técnica Aeronáutica Brasileira na Bolívia (MTAB-Bolívia) como iniciativa clássica de diplomacia da defesa, em que estão articuladas as políticas externa e de defesa. Além de registrar contexto de criação, histórico e escopo de atuação da Missão, o texto elenca as potenciais contribuições da MTAB para a consecução do interesse brasileiro, em especial o combate ao narcotráfico, a atuação brasileira junto à Organização da Aviação Civil Internacional (OACI) e o fomento da Base Industrial de Defesa. Palavras-chave: diplomacia da defesa, controle do espaço aéreo, fronteiras, crime organizado transnacional, OACI, base industrial de defesa.
A geopolítica dos minerais estratégicos e seus impactos nos setores de defesa, energia e tecnologia
Authors: Teixeira Igor
Published: December 2023

O acesso a insumos minerais define a capacidade de as nações fomentarem indústrias sensíveis, como as de alta tecnologia, defesa e energias renováveis. Essenciais a esses setores e concentrados em poucos territórios, entre os quais o Brasil, certos minerais – como as terras-raras, o nióbio e o cobalto – são qualificados como estratégicos ou críticos. Para assegurar acesso aos minerais e abastecer a cadeia de produção a jusante, China, EUA e União Europeia empreendem estratégias diversificadas. No plano doméstico, buscam identificar as commodities cuja interrupção de oferta ameace a segurança nacional ou a economia; fomentar a produção desses minerais e de suas cadeias de valor e investir em pesquisa e desenvolvimento. No plano internacional, visam a consolidar parcerias com países detentores de reservas ou que sejam produtores de minerais selecionados. A premência da estratégia de recursos é sublinhada pela expansão paulatina do rol de setores tecnológicos intensivos em minerais críticos e pelos contingenciamentos e desafios de múltiplas categorias com que se defronta a oferta Palavras-chave: mineração, indústria, defesa, energia, tecnologia, geopolítica.
Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of The Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle (MAV)
Authors: Muniappan A. , Duriyanandhan V. , Dhanaraj R.
Published: December 2023

Flapping wing propulsion is center of attention in the field of micro air vehicle research in recent years. Knowledge in unsteady aerodynamics is insufficient to design an efficient wing that produces the required lift and thrust force for the flapping wing micro air vehicle. The unsteady aerodynamic effects on aerodynamic wing design parameters were discussed in this paper. The effect of aspect ratio and the wing planform shape on lift and thrust force were determined experimentally. The experiments were conducted in an open jet low speed wind tunnel having test section 350 mmx350 mm. A rack and gear type new flapping mechanism was designed and fabricated and this was used as test bed for all the experiments. Also an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of torsional flexibility of the wing. The result shows that the chord wise flexible wing produces more lift and thrust than the other wing.
Neuro-fuzzy Model for Estimating the Release Envelope for an LGB
Authors: Deodhar R.S. , Naik S.D.
Published: December 2023

An unguided bomb defines a unique ballistic trajectory for specific release conditions from a fixed point in the space to a defined target. For a Laser Guided Bomb, the point of drop lies in an envelope that provides enough reaction time for the pilot to act. The release envelope gives a minimum and a maximum point from which the guided bomb can be dropped for damaging the defined target. These minimum/maximum release points depend on the guidance and control system components like sensor instantaneous field of view (IFOV), in which sensor can sense the target so that guidance can be applied effectively and bomb maneuverability, which depends on the limitations of the control surfaces of the bomb. The problem can be attempted with the ballistic equations using numerical techniques. It requires large amount of design data. From the firing data one can get the release envelope with linear / nonlinear regression but the error is very large. A neural model helps to increase this accuracy in most of the release conditions. In this work, a neuro-fuzzy model has been developed to obtain the minimum/maximum range for given altitude, dive angle and velocity of the aircraft. The optimum parameters of a fuzzy inference system are extracted from the firing data using neural network. This neuro-fuzzy model not only improves the accuracy but improves over the outliers also. The results from numerical, neural model and neuro-fuzzy model are obtained and compared. It is observed that the estimates obtained using neuro-fuzzy model are in very close agreement with the experimental values.
Micro Air Vehicles in India - An Overview
Authors: Sundaram V. J.
Published: December 2023

The genesis of the Micro Air Vehicles (MICAV) program and its progress in the last decade is discussed. Fixed, rotary and flapping wing MICAVs (300 mm class) have been successfully flown using remote control by Educational Institutions, Laboratories and enthusiastic entrepreneurs, transmitting video imagery. They are now moving on to autonomous control and its integration with navigation and guidance. The need for micro-sensors has led to work on convergence of micro, nano, bio, info and cogno technologies which are discussed. The need for simulation and cooperative flying of MICAVs with UGVs is stressed and finally the thrust areas for the next five years have been suggested for aerodynamics, structures, control, navigation, guidance, sensors (including bio sensors), power sources, simulation and operations involving brain-machine interface.
Future of Aviation Technology and Business in India
Authors: Krishnadas Nair C.G.
Published: December 2023

No Abstract
Indian AEW&C System in the Global Perspective
Authors: Christopher S.
Published: December 2023

An Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) System is an airborne multi-sensor system designed to detect Air-and Surface-Targets. Used at a high altitude, the system allows the operators to distinguish between friendly and hostile aircraft hundreds of kilometres away. The AEW&C aircraft is used for defensive and offensive air operations. The system is used offensively to direct fighters to locations of their targets and defensively to counter attacks. It can also be used to carry out surveillance, command and control, and battle management functions. The paper traces the evolution of the AEW&C System in the global scenario and compares the Indian effort to tailor-make an optimal state-of-the-art system to meet specific requirements of the Indian Air Force.
CEMILA and Military Airworthiness in India
Authors: Biswas Kanchan , Tamil Mani K.
Published: December 2023

Besides the performance excellences, airworthiness and safety are the major concerns in Aviation. The operational needs and the varying environmental conditions demand strict control over all facets of design, manufacture, operation and maintenance of aircraft. The acceptable levels of safety and reliability necessitate an independent Regulatory Assurance System to anticipate potential failures, assess deviations in design and manufacture, simulate operational demand and evaluate and certify the design. Centre for Military Airworthiness and Certification (CEMILAC) has been entrusted this responsibility for the military aircraft of Defence Forces. CEMILAC, with its 14 Regional Centres have been providing airworthiness and certification of military aircraft, aero engines and airborne systems for the past fifty years.
Technology Challenges in Space Missions
Authors: Nair P.S. , Katti V.R.
Published: December 2023

No Abstract
A Golden Saga - National Aerospace Laboratories Celebrates Its Golden Jubilee
Authors: Upadhya A.R. , Ramachandra M.S.
Published: December 2023

No Abstract
Digital Holographic Interferometry for Wholefield NDT Applications
Authors: Thomas Binu P. , Annamala Pillai S.
Published: December 2023

Holographic interferometry is a non-contact whole field optical technique used as a powerful NDT tool. This technique is highly sensitive and maps the object surface deformation as holographic fringe pattern. Conventional holography technique has practical difficulties in recording and reconstructing holograms. With the development in imaging sensor technology and fast algorithms in image processing, digital holography has been established. Digital holography uses high-resolution digital camera for recording holograms and does reconstruction of holograms numerically using a computer. This has enhanced the scope and application of holography for NDT many fold. In this paper application of digital holography to non-destructive testing is presented. The basic principle of digital holography and digital holographic interferometry in obtaining double exposure hologram for NDT is described. The software developed in house for numerical reconstruction of holograms is also explained. The advantages of digital holography over conventional holography in NDT applications are highlighted. Extensive experiments were carried out to prove the detectability of defects in both metallic and non-metallic materials and the results are presented. It is shown that digital holography is able to identify defects in a wide range of materials with great ease because of its high sensitivity and whole field nature.
Evaluation of Higher Order Target Models in Radar And IRST Data Fusion
Authors: Naidu V.P.S.
Published: December 2023

In general, the motion of maneuvering targets is described by acceleration model, which is a kinematic model, including position derivatives up to the second order. It is found that for tracking highly maneuvering targets, it is necessary to include higher order position derivatives in the model. A model including derivatives of position up to the third order called the jerk model is presented. In this paper, the tracking performance of an extended Kalman filter with the jerk model is evaluated and compared with that of an extended Kalman filter with acceleration model for fusion and tracking of a maneuvering target sensed by IRST and radar.
Flow Development of Multi-Annular Jets in a Confinement: Effect of Expansion Ratio
Authors: Tarnacha R.S. , Singh S.N. , Rai Lajpat
Published: December 2023

Confined coaxial jets have been widely used in gas turbine combustors, where the requirement is to achieve better mixing between two streams - fuel and air - prior to ignition so as to provide stable and complete combustion. Two shear layers, one between the central jet and the annular jet and other between the annular jet and the stagnant fluid outside the annular jet help in the mixing process for confined coaxial jets. Therefore, for improved mixing, a configuration of one central jet and two co-annular jets, called multi-annular or multicoaxial jets, has been considered. To understand mixing of these streams in a confinement (mixing chamber), the mean axial velocity profiles at different axial locations of the mixing chamber and the static pressure along the wall of the mixing chamber are measured for expansion ratio of 1 and 1.3. These quantities are also computed using CFD software, FLUENT, with Standard k-ε turbulence model. After validation of the CFD code, parametric studies have been carried out for different expansion ratios. The results provide a good understanding of the mixing process and flow development in expanding confinement.
Topology Optimization of Aircraft Wing
Authors: Rao J.S. , Kiran S. , Kamesh J.V. , Padmanabhan Madhusudan A. , Chandra Satish
Published: December 2023

The objective of this paper is to obtain an optimal concept design of aircraft wing. Topology optimization is used to yield an optimized shape and material distribution for a set of loads and constraints within a given design space. Initially a solid wing was considered as design space and meshed using hexahedral elements to derive the optimal location of spars and ribs such that the structure has minimum compliance. Load data includes flight, fuel and engine loads. The wing was constrained in all degrees of freedom at the root. It was shown that the results can be used to derive an appropriate configuration similar to the existing design practices. A new geometry with spars, ribs, hinge locations and lug attachments was next considered. The skin was meshed with shell elements. Hinge loads were also included. The optimization gave a box section for front spar, channel section for rear spar, truss pattern for ribs and V shaped member for hinges. Using this global material distribution a component level topology optimization was performed. The concept design is realized in to CAD and then a composite free-size optimization is performed to determine material distribution and ply drop regions etc. Finally a composite size and shape optimization is done.
Postbuckling of Laminated Composite Circular Conical Shells Under Combined Thermo-Mechanical Loads
Authors: Singh S. , Patel B.P. , Nath Y.
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the postbuckling characteristics of cross- and angle-ply laminated composite conical shells subjected to combined thermo-mechanical loading are studied using shear deformable semi-analytical finite element. The nonlinear governing equations, considering geometric nonlinearity based on Sanders type of kinematic approximations, are solved using Newton-Raphson iteration procedure coupled with adaptive displacement control method to trace the postbuckling equilibrium path. It is brought out from the study that the inward displacement in the postbuckling region is significantly higher as compared to the outward one. The ratio of the lowest load in the postbuckling path and the bifurcation load increases with the increase in the pressure loading proportion and decreases with the increase in the axial loading proportions. The relative load carrying capacity of shells under different set of loading combinations changes with the increase in the maximum postbuckling displacement. It is also observed that the nonlinearity in the load interaction relation corresponding to lowest load in the postbuckling path is less compared to that for bifurcation load.
Vibration Control of Composite Thick Shells Using Magnetostrictive Material and Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory
Authors: Narendra K. , Pradhan S.C.
Published: December 2023

Analytical solutions of laminated composite shells with embedded actuating layers are presented in this study. The actuating layers are used to control natural vibration of laminated composite shell panels. The first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and higher order shear deformation theory (HSDT) for shells are used to represent the shell kinematics and equations of motion. The exact solution for symmetric laminated shells with embedded actuating layers under simply supported boundary conditions is obtained using the Navier solution procedure. Negative velocity feedback control is used. The parametric effect of the position of the magnetostrictive layers, material properties and control parameters on the vibration suppression are investigated in detail. It is found that (i) the shortest vibration suppression time is achieved by placing the actuating layers farthest from the neutral axis (ii) using thinner smart material layers leads to better vibration attenuation characteristics and, (iii) the vibration suppression time is longer for a lower value of the feedback control coefficient. For thicker shells HSDT predicts larger amplitude of vibration and longer vibration suppression time as compared to FSDT predictions.