bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Iminium Catalysis in Artificial Enzymes to Create a Friedel-Crafts Alkylase
Authors: Leveson-Gower Reuben B. , Zhou Zhi , Drienovská Ivana , Roelfes Gerard
Published: February 2021

We show that the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid para-aminophenylalanine (pAF) into the non-enzymatic protein scaffold LmrR creates a proficient and stereoselective artificial enzyme (LmrR_pAF) for the vinylogous Friedel-crafts alkylation between alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes and indoles. pAF acts as a catalytic residue, activating enal substrates towards conjugate addition via the formation of intermediate iminium ion species, whilst the protein scaffold provides rate acceleration and enantio-induction. Improved LmrR_pAF varants were identified by direted evolution advised by alanine-scanning to obtain a triple mutant that provided higher yields and enantioselectivities for a range of enals and indoles. Analys of Michaelis-Menten kinetics of LmrR-pAF and tevolved mutants reveals that new activities emerge via evolutionary pathways that diverge from one another and specialise catalytic reactivity.
Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Authors: Corminboeuf Anne , Montero-Serrano Jean-Carlos , St-Louis Richard
Published: February 2021

The concentrations of 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 16 parent and 7 alkylated PAHs) in 113 surface marine sediment samples, 13 on-land sediment samples and 8 subsampled push cores retrieved from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) were calculated. PAHs were extracted via accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and quantified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sums of the concentrations 16 PAHs in the surface sediments ranged from 7.8 to 247.7 ng g-1 (dry weight [dw]) basis). The PAH inputs to the sediments have remained constant during the last century and agree with the results obtained for the surface sediments. Diagnostic ratios indicated that the PAHs in the CAA mainly originate from natural petrogenic sources, with some pyrogenic sources. Temporal trends did not indicate major source shifts and largely indicated petrogenic inputs. Overall, the sediments retrieved from the CAA have low PAH concentrations that are mainly natural.
Role of Host-Guest Interaction in Understanding Polymerisation in Metal Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wonanke Dinga , Bennett Poppy , Caldwell Lewis , Addicoat Mathew
Published: February 2021

Metal-organic frameworks, MOFs, offer an effective templet forpolymerisation of polymers with precisely controlled structureswithin the sub-nanometre scales. However, synthetic difficultiessuch as monomer infiltration, detailed understanding of polymerisationmechanisms within the MOF nano-channels and themechanism for removing the MOF template post polymerisationhave prevented wide scale implementation of polymerisation inMOFs. This is partly due to the significant lack in understandingof the energetic and atomic-scale intermolecular interactionsbetween the monomers and the MOFs. Consequently in this study,we explore the interaction of varied concentration of styrene,and EDOT, at the surface and in the nano-channel of Zn2(1,4-ndc)2(dabco), where 1,4-ndc = 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylateand dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. Our results showedthat the interactions between monomers are stronger in thenano-channels than at the surfaces of the MOF. Moreover, theMOF-monomer interactions are strongest in the nano-channelsand increases with increase in the number of monomers. However,as the number of monomer increases, the monomers turn to bindmore strongly at the surface leading to a potential agglomerationof the monomers at the surface.
Renal CD169++resident macrophages are crucial for protection against acute systemic candidiasis
Authors: Teo Yi Juan , Ng See Liang , Mak Keng Wai , Setiagani Yolanda Aphrilia , Chen Qi , Nair Sajith Kumar , Sheng Jianpeng , Ruedl Christiane
Published: February 2021

Disseminated candidiasis remains as the most common hospital-acquired bloodstream fungal infection with up to 40% mortality rate despite the advancement of medical and hygienic practices. While it is well established that this infection heavily relies on the innate immune response for host survival, much less is known for the protective role elicited by the tissue-resident macrophage (TRM) subsets in the kidney, the prime organ forCandidapersistence. Here, we describe a unique CD169++TRM subset that controlsCandidagrowth and inflammation during acute systemic candidiasis. Their absence causes severe fungal-mediated renal pathology. CD169++TRMs, without being actively involved in direct fungal clearance, increase host resistance by promoting IFN-γ release and neutrophil ROS activity.
Breakfast and Hemoglobin Level among Female Junior High School Student In Surakarta, Central Java
Authors:   Diploma III of Midwifery, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Ropitasari Ropitasari , Kartika F Fanny ,   Postgraduate Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Fauziah R Rachmi ,   Radiology Section of Dr Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Anggarini Sri ,   Diploma III of Midwifery, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: February 2021

Background: Physical activity among school-age adolescents make them skipping the breakfast. Skipping breakfast can cause a loss of energy and nutrients needed for hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis. This study aimed to examine the effect of breakfast on anemia levels among female adolescent. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional was conducted by involving 30 female adolescent aged 13-15. The study subjects were divided into 30 female adolescent had breakfast group and 30 female adolescent had no breakfast group. Breakfast was the consumption of food and side dishes from waking up until 10:00 AM. The dependent variable was Hb level and the dependent variable was breakfast. The data were collected by measuring the HB level and questionnaire. The data then analyzed using Chi-square test. The association between breakfast habits and hemoglobin levels was analyzed by means of the Gamma Somers test. Results: The breakfast habit increased the Hb level among female adolescent (OR= 1.75; p= 0.003), and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: Female adolescent with a good breakfast habit increase the Hb level and prevent the anemia. Keywords: breakfast, female adolescent, hemoglobin levels Correspondence: Ropitasari. Diploma III of Midwifery, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia.Email: ropita.uns@gmail.com. Mobile: 08222023585 Ropitasari, Fanny Kartika DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.52
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A MODERN NECESSITY FOR ADOPTIVE PARENTS
Authors: Chernukha N. , Slabkovska A.
Published: February 2021

The article summarises scientific work on social responsibility. It is emphasised that the social responsibility of the state is one of the mechanisms for ensuring the quality and efficiency of public administration. The functions of the state that reproduce social responsibility are represented, they include: fulfillment of international obligations, achievement of priority national interests and strategic goals of state development, formation of decent living conditions and prospects for human development, etc.

The structure of social responsibility is considered. There are two main types (real and potential) of social responsibility. Under real social responsibility should be perceived responsibility in terms of personal factors. By potential social responsibility we mean the presence of effective social control that can ensure that each perpetrator is brought to the appropriate type of social responsibility in cases of violation of social norms, and in personal — a person’s awareness of responsibility for the consequences of personal activities.

The purpose of this publication is to summarize the results of a study on social responsibility and highlight the main features of social responsibility of adoptive parents. The system of measures for child protectionin Ukraine is represented, including: determination of basic legal, economic, organizational, cultural and social principles for child protection, improvement of legislation on legal and social protection of children, bringing it in line with international legal norms in this area. It is concluded that the presence of social responsibility of adoptive parents is a guarantee of strategic and tactical goals of the adoption process. It is emphasized that untimely social responsibility, and even more so its absence, significantly weakens the resource of normative social relations, unbalances the established mechanisms of social control, can lead to anarchy, unpredictability, instability, ochlocracy, anomie of society as a whole system or its destruction.
Application of coniferous-energy fodder additive in the diets of red-and-pedigree calves dairy growing period
Authors: Prytkov Yuri Nikolaevich , Kistina Anna Alexandrovna , Bragin Gennady Gennadievich , Ruin Vadim Alexandrovich , Kiseleva Kristina Valeryevna
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of the influence of a coniferous energy supplement on the dynamics of live weight and average daily gains of calves. It has been established that the inclusion of a coniferous energy supplement in the diets of calves from 15 to 89 g per head per day from 1 to 6 months of age provides a stable growth rate of calves during the dairy rearing period.
Theoretical foundations of control, management and accounting of resource consumption in gas supply systems
Authors: Gnezdilova Olga   Akeksandrovna , Kravchuk Valeriy Yurievich
Published: February 2021

Frequent cases of domestic gas explosions require a more detailed study of gas use in terms of ensuring the safety and maintenance of equipment when providing public services for gas supply. The study of the theory of gas consumption accounting in cases of establishing homogeneous phenomena occurring in gas supply systems is shown in the developed method of correlation and  regression analysis.
Problemas públicos, activismo y publicidad: una exploración de tres spots comerciales
Authors: Flores-Márquez Dorismilda , Galindo Román Luis Ángel , Gattás Ollervides Frida Estefanía
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo explora el vínculo entre publicidad y activismo, mediante el análisis de una selección de spots comerciales sobre problemas públicos, presentados por marcas mexicanas en el periodo 2009-2019. La primera fase consistió en buscar y contextualizar los spots, para identificar las marcas y los problemas públicos abordados en la publicidad, tales como la xenofobia y la discriminación, la violencia de género, la contaminación ambiental, entre otros. En la segunda fase se realizó un análisis de contenido cualitativo de tres spots —“Borders” de Aeroméxico, “Make great again?” de Corona y “Palabras a prueba de balas” de Article 19—, mientras que en la tercera se esbozó una exploración del impacto que los spots tuvieron en medios digitales. Los hallazgos permiten ver que las marcas se posicionan como actores relevantes en torno a los problemas públicos, al presentar perspectivas orientadas al cambio social.
Nuevos trazos metodológicos para comprender la noción del servicio público de radio
Authors: Martell Lenin
Published: February 2021

Uno de los problemas en el estudio sobre el servicio público de radiodifusión es que se ha estudiado, sobre todo, desde un punto de vista histórico (p. ej. Lewis, 1993; Thompson, 1998), a partir del análisis de una perspectiva europeo-occidental o norteamericana (p. ej. Bustamante, 2000, 2001, 2008; Hallin y Mancini, 2004; Tremblay, G. 1988). Pero pocos autores han intentado formular un concepto del servicio público de radiodifusión desde la realidad sociopolítica en América Latina (p. ej. Fuenzalida, V. 2000, 2002; Ortega, P. 2007). Particularmente, en todos estos ejemplos se ha dejado de lado un análisis sistematizado acerca de la programación y una explicación de cómo las emisoras se han instituido desde las prácticas cotidianas de los realizadores (p. ej. guionistas; investigadores; productores; etc). El texto pretende contribuir a explicar cómo se formuló la estrategia metodológica (basada, en parte, desde la hermenéutica profunda de Thompson, 1998), para poder conceptualizar una noción de servicio público de radio en contextos sociopolíticos distintos.

El presente trabajo es parte de un estudio más amplio sobre la construcción del servicio público en México, el cual intenta abonar a la reflexión teórico-metodológica sobre la transformación del servicio público de radio en México.
Turgut Uyar’ın Çok Üşümek Şiiri Üzerine Bir Tahlil Denemesi
Authors: ABUKAN Memet
Published: February 2021

İkinci Yeni Hareketi, Türk şiirinde önemli değişimler meydana getirmiştir. İmge ağırlık bir dilin tercihi, sözdiziminde yapılan değişiklikler, farklı akım, teknik, bakış açılarına yönelimler gibi birçok yeniliği bünyesinde taşımış olan bu edebi hareketle Türk şiiri yepyeni bir çehre kazanmıştır. Bu hareketin hemen hemen bütün özelliklerini şiirlerinde taşıyan Sezai Karakoç, Cemal Süreya, Ülkü Tamer, Ece Ayhan, İlhan Berk gibi şairlerin yanında Turgut Uyar da vardır. O şiir evrenini farklı edebi akımlarla oluşturmuş olsa da en yetkin şiirlerini İkinci Yeni döneminde verdiği ve bunu daha estetik bir düzleme oturttuğu söylenebilir. Bunu da en bariz örneğiyle kentleşme, bilinçaltı, yalnızlık gibi konulara yönelik örtük değinisi olarak görebilmek mümkündür. Onun şiirlerindeki dil inceliğini sadece İkinci yeni dönemi için değil, aynı zamanda modern Türk şiirinin de önemli bir şairi olarak görülmesini sağlamıştır. Bunu Uyar’ın İkinci Yeni hareketini niteliklerini kendisinde taşıyan ve modern hayatın içinde fakat kenarda kalmışlığın hüzünlü bir ifadesi olarak görülen Çok Üşümek adlı şiiriyle de örneklendirmek mümkündür. Nitekim yapılan bu çalışmada da onun bahse konu olan şiiri Aktaş’ın şiir inceleme tekniğine göre incelenmiş ve şiirin derinliğine ulaşılarak ikinci yeni etkisindeki şiirlerinin arka planının neler olduğu zihniyet, dil, yapı, ahenk ve tema başlıkları altında örneklendirilmiştir.
ANALISA POTENSI SUMBER DAYA AIR PULAU OBI HALMAHERA
Authors: Sudinda Teddy
Published: February 2021

Peningkatan kebutuhan air untuk pertambangan nikel di Pulau Obi perlu analisa potensi Sumber Daya Air untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Dalam hal inipenulis melakukan penelitian pada Danau Karo, Mata Air disekitar danau dan Sungai Akilamo. Untuk mengetahui potensi Danau Karo dilakukan analisa aliran permukaan terhadap DAS Danau Karo diakibatkan oleh hujan yang diperoleh dari data pengukuran presipitasi, evapotranspirasi, aliran dasar yang selanjutnya menentukan debit andalan dengan metode FJ. Mock. Debit Sungai Akilamo dan debit mata air disekitar danau dilakukan pengukuran debit secara langsung di lapangan dan untuk mengetahui kondisi visual tutupan lahan dilakukan dengan kamera Drone. Dalam makalah ini dilakukan analisa untuk mencari potensi sumber daya air di Pulau Obi menggunakan metoda F.J Mock DebitAndalan 95 % potensi Danau Karo 500 liter/det, dengan pengukuran debit insitu potensi Mata Air Kawasi 40 liter/det, Mata Air Uluwatu 48 liter/det dan Sungai Akilamo 10.000 liter/det. Konsep penampungan air sebelum didistribusikan dengan membuat kolam retensi yang berfungsi sebagai reservoir sekaligus dapat menyerapkan air kedalam tanah (Artificial Recharge) sehingga Siklus Hidrologi dapat terjaga.
Educational Strategies for Deployment of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in a Tertiary Canadian Emergency Department
Authors: Gaudet Sarah , Goltz Derek , LeBreton Mathieu , Poulin Cari
Published: February 2021

Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) is not a novel intervention in the trauma literature. However, the incorporation of this intervention into the Canadian emergency department setting is recent in onset. This healthcare setting is dynamic and the nurses who practice in the emergency setting must be efficient care providers for an infinitely diverse set of potential patient presentations. The introduction of this complex procedure was accompanied by a variety of educational strategies to enhance the uptake of this new knowledge. The usage of small groups, didactic teaching, hands-on practice, establishing unit champions, coordinating in-situ simulations, and creating workflow documents were strategies used by the education team at this academic center for this particular knowledge dissemination exercise.
Artificial Bloodfeeder Glytube: Evaluating Different Types of Membranes and Blood Sources for Feeding Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: de Almeida Costa Kelion , Garcia Rosário Ingrid N. , Eiras Álvaro E. , da Silva Ivoneide Maria
Published: February 2021

Mosquito colony maintenance in the laboratory is essential for research but presents logistical and ethical problems with the use of live animals for bloodfeeding. The Glytube is an artificial bloodfeeding system for mosquitoes that uses Parafilm-M® membrane and human blood to feed Aedes aegypti. This study evaluated the efficiency of Glytube with different types of membranes and chicken blood to feed Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. We evaluated 2 artificial (thread seal tape [TST], Parafilm-M) and 2 natural membranes (pork, sheep intestine). The results for Ae. aegypti suggest that TST was the best membrane because it presented a high percentage of fed females (63%), a high average number of eggs per female (54.65), and an egg viability rate significantly similar to control (mouse). For Ae. albopictus, there was no significant difference between the membranes and the control; however, the use of TST is suggested due to the low cost and easy manipulation. The treatments that used chicken blood did not present significant differences in the egg viability when compared with the control. The Glytube functionality can be increased by replacing the Parafilm-M membrane by TST and human to chicken blood.
HUBUNGAN HARGA DIRI DAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA
Authors: Setiarsih Dini , Syariyanti Izzah
Published: February 2021

Lansia mengalami proses penuaan yang mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi tubuh salah satunya fungsi kognitif. Harga diri dan interaksi sosial merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap fungsi kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan harga diri dan interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia Di RW 05 Kelurahan Kraton Kecamatan Bangkalan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah lansia berusia 60 tahun ke atas dan besar sampel sebanyak 36 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Variabel independen adalah harga diri dan interaksi sosial sedangkan variabel dependen adalah fungsi kognitif. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Berdasarkan uji statistik spearman rank didapatkan p=0.000 (<0.05), berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara harga diri dengan fungsi kognitif. Dan didapatkan p=0.004 (<0.05), berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif. Terdapat hubungan positif dengan tingkat korelasi kuat antara harga diri dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Artinya semakin baik nilai harga diri maka fungsi kognitif akan semakin utuh. Sementara itu interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif menunjukkan hubungan positif namun tingkat korelasinya sedang. Artinya semakin baik nilai interaksi sosial maka fungsi kognitif akan semakinutuh.
PERBEDAAN PERILAKU KEKERASAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH TERAPI RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM PADA PASIEN PERILAKU KEKERASAN
Authors: Roufuddin Roufuddin , Hoiriyah Mutiatun
Published: February 2021

Perilaku kekerasan merupakansalah satu contoh gangguan jiwayang sering terjadi dikehidupanmasyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perbedaan perilaku kekerasansebelum dan sesudah terapi relaksasi nafas dalam pada pasien perilaku kekerasan.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan One Group Pretest - Postest Design. Populasi dalampenelitian ini adalah 32 pasien perilaku kekerasan di ruang Kenari dan sampel dalam penelitian inisebanyak 30 pasien perilaku kekerasan yang diperoleh menurut kriteria inklusi. Teknik pengambilansampel diambil menggunakan Consecutive Sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalahobservasi RUFA. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Testdengan nilaisignifikansi p<α , α = 0,05.Dari hasil penelitian sebelum terapi relaksasi nafas dalam diperoleh kategori perilaku kekerasansedang (80%) dan kategori perilaku kekerasan ringan (20%). Sesudah terapi relaksasi nafas dalamdiperoleh kategori perilaku kekerasan ringan (83,3%) dan kategori perilaku kekerasan sedang(16,7%). Dari hasil uji statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test didapatkan ada perbedaan perilakukekerasan di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya dengan nilai kemaknaan (p = 0,000<0,05).Kesimpulannya adalah ada perbedaan perilaku kekerasan sebelum dan sesudah terapi relaksasinafas dalam pada pasien perilaku kekerasan. Maka dengan ini terbukti adanya penurunan perilakukekerasan sesudah diberikan terapi relaksasi nafas dalam.
Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Terhadap Kegiatan Penambangan Illegal Galian C Tanah Urug
Authors: Hernanda Trias
Published: February 2021

This scientific article examines the enforcement of environmental law on the mining activities of excavated land c in the Kudus Regency, illegal excavated land c activities in Kudus Regency have a serious impact as evidenced by the emergence of victims in illegal c excavation sites that are not reclaimed. There are indeed not many illegal landfill land in Kudus Regency, but based on supervision in the field, the activity arises because it is based on economic factors, Kudus Regency itself actually has regulated zoning of the areas permitted for mining activities, things mentioned in Perda No. 16/2012 concerning RTRW, the method used in this study is empirical (nondoctrinal) Based on the results of field research on illegal activities of landfill excavation, it can be concluded that enforcement of illegal activities of landfill excavation c has not been carried out optimally. , this can be seen by the presence of illegal miners who still often do mining by playing cat and mouse with Satpol PP officers
TEORI WEWENANG DALAM PERIZINAN
Authors: Sharon Grace
Published: February 2021

Based on the provisions in the 1945 Constitution article 1 paragraph 3 which states the State of Indonesia is a state based on law, it brings the consequence that every government action must always be based on the law. From another point of view related to the development of the 21st century, the State is often said to have developed into a modern state. Whereas the state's tasks, which were initially very limited, have become increasingly widespread. This is due to the increasing needs of modern humans and especially those related to the interests of life together. Regarding the social dynamics that occur in the community, licensing arrangements are needed. A license as a one-sided government action is a stipulation arising from the strategies and techniques used by the Government to control or control various conditions or activities carried out by the community. In other words, licensing is very much needed as an instrument of community guidance. However, the author limits the scope of research on licensing only to the nature of the authority of the permit, so that the author's research in this article is done through a literature review.
Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview-Korean Version: Psychometric Properties
Authors: Lee Seo Jeong , Cho Ye Jin , Hyun Myoung Ho
Published: February 2021

Objective There is currently no structured interview tool developed that comprehensively evaluates self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) in Korea. The Self-injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) collectively measures suicidal ideation, plans, gestures, attempts, and non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI). The SITBI’s reliability and validity have been established with it being widely used in English speaking countries. This study evaluated the psychometric validity of the Korean version of the SITBI (SITBI-K).Methods The SITBI’s validity as a diagnostic assessment tool for NSSI and suicidal behavior disorder (SBD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition, was examined. Analyses were performed on 108 university students reporting experiences of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (female 84.26%, mean age=22.10, ±SD 3.33).Results The SITBI-K displayed excellent interrater reliability, with a credible test-retest reliability at two months. Construct validity examined the correlation between the SITBI-K’s modules and approved the self-report results. Appropriate convergent and discriminant validities were obtained for suicidal ideation, plans, gestures, attempts, and NSSI.Conclusion The SITBI-K showed excellent psychometric validity at a level comparable to the original. Its clinical utility for both NSSI and SBD diagnoses was confirmed.
Effects of COVID-19 Outbreak on Children’s Mental Health: A Comparative Study with Children Diagnosed and Isolated from Their Parents
Authors: Kılınçel Şenay , Altun Feray Tarımtay , Nuryüz Özgecan , Tan Ezgi , Erzincan Erkal , Kılınçel Oğuzhan , Yazıcı Esra , Ayaz Muhammed
Published: February 2021

Objective The COVID-19 outbreak has negatively affected children in many ways. This study aimed to compare the psychological responses of children exposed to different levels of stress during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods The anxiety levels, negative thoughts, and quality of life of COVID-19-positive children with COVID-19-positive parents (Child+ group, n=17), COVID-19-negative children who are separated from COVID-19-positive parents (Parent+ group, n=59), and a control group (n=64) were compared. The participants completed the Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders (SCARED), Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).Results The statistical analysis revealed that the Parent+ group recorded higher SCARED and CNCEQ scores and lower PedsQL scores in comparison with the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the scores of the Child+ and control groups. Furthermore, high CNCEQ scores and low PedsQL scores in the Parent+ group predicted an increase in their SCARED scores.Conclusion Our study indicates that separating children from their parents during the COVID-19 outbreak negatively influences their mental health and increases their anxiety levels.
Macleaya cordata Extract as an Ethnoveterinary Alternative for Broilers Challenged with Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Rogelio Altamira Santiago , Juan Carlos García López , Gilberto Ballesteros Rodea , Marco Aurelio Rojas Castillo , German Gonzalez Vilet , Nabor Rios Sanchez , Samuel López Aguirre
Published: February 2021

In order to evaluate the ethnoveterinary effect of Macleaya cordata extract on bacteria colony forming units (CFU) in different organs of gastrointestinal tract and productive parameters of broilers challenged with Salmonella typhimurium, eighty one day old Cobb broilers were randomly assigned either to a diet without additive or with additive at 50 g/ton during 21 days. The count of CFU of Salmonella typhimurium in crop, gizzard, and duodenum, at 21 days, showed broilers that received the Macleaya cordata extract had a reduction. The broilers also had higher final body weight, total gain, average daily gain and better feed conversion value as compared with those that had not received it. Feed intake was not affected. Results concluded that Macleaya cordata extract is an ethnoveterinary alternative efficient for control of Salmonella typhimurium and a growth promoter in broilers.
CSR in Vietnam: What factors would promote CSR in Vietnam?
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

The role of CSR in Vietnam needs to be enhanced and encouraged properly by the stakeholders in relation to each other to catch up with MNCs, western governments, and international organizations at political, legal, and economic levels. Since they introduced this concept of CSR to Vietnam in 2002. However, when applying CSR practices in Vietnam, MNCs need to adapt and modify to particular situations of Vietnam. For instance, they seem to recognize and finally find a way to respect and implement CSR projects that support the Buddhist or socialist beliefs of their Vietnamese employees, partners, and authorities. In this essay, we will discuss what factors would promote CSR in the context of Vietnam.
«Экономический пояс Шелкового пути»: перспективы и вызовы для Вьетнама
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Статья посвящена особенностям инфраструктурной по форме и стратегической по сути китайской инициативе «Экономический пояс Шелкового пути», реализующейся в контексте комплексной программы «Один пояс, один путь». Особая роль уделяется значению данной инициативы для Социалистической Республики Вьетнам в условиях изменения регионального пространства в Юго-Восточной Азии.
PAPSS1 is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1, encoded by PAPSS1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PAPSS1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of PAPSS1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival. Modulation of PAPSS1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Self-efficacy assessment hinders improvement on a deliberate cricket bowling practice task
Authors: Raman Dhruv , Rajaraman Bittu Kaveri
Published: February 2021

Self-related thoughts such as performance worries or attention to one’s own body movements during sport have been known to impact performance negatively. However, self-assessment is often encouraged during learning tasks, especially when being coached on sporting tasks. In this study we examined how attention directed towards an internal psychological aspect, self-efficacy, affected performance in a cricket bowling task. We hypothesised that cricketers who are asked to assess their own ability on a bowling task would show a deterioration in performance compared to control subjects who are asked to assess the ability of another. Participants were asked to rate their self- efficacy levels in the middle of a deliberate practice task. In the pre-test phase, participants attempted to bowl in a game-standard designated “good length” zone across twelve trials. Following this, experimental group members rated their own general and task-specific self-efficacy using Bandura’s self-efficacy questionnaire, while the control group rated someone else’s ability. They each then bowled for twelve more trials, and their performance was measured before and after the self-assessment based on the number of trials that were bowled within the standard “good length” zone. Paired t-tests showed that while the performance of the control group improved significantly from pre-test to post-test, t = 2.613, p = 0.008; the experimental group did not show a significant improvement, t = 1.156, p = 0.131. Results indicate that asking people to rate their confidence level may hinder their improvement on a deliberate practice task. This has implications for sport performance where athletes or coaches might be tempted to self-evaluate before performance, as well as for researchers who consider administering self-efficacy questionnaires prior to performance.
Unravelling Global Future Scenarios in the Perspective of National Bioconomy Planning
Authors: Lee Seung Hye , Hamelin Lorie
Published: February 2021

The transition to bioeconomy and low-fossil carbon economy (LFCE) requires long-term investments, whose environmental and economic performance will be affected by various future conditions, such as the raw material availability and the type of energy or fertilizers used (and replaced). Considering multiple background futures instead of one single projection in building time-dependent inventories for assessing LFCE solutions would greatly enhance the robustness of the decision support provided by environmental assessments such as Life Cycle Assessments (LCA). Here, we reviewed, through automatized and manual text-mining, six internationally well-recognized global environmental scenario studies and one intelligence report. The aim was to uncover the key variables and cause-effect relationships at play in these scenario studies. Through constructing causal loop diagrams for each reviewed study, we identified the variables with the greatest number of causal connections, the “cause” and “effect” variables, and revealed the most reported cause-effect relationships across all studies. Our main findings are: (1) the top 5 causal variables are mitigation policies, technological progress, consumers’ awareness, economic growth and education level, while (2) the top 5 affected variables are climate change, materials use, food security, natural ecosystems, and social justice. Amongst the top 10 causal and affected variables (3), 68 connected pairs were identified with no disagreement in their causal relationship directions. The three most reported pairs were (4) mitigation policy → climate change, healthy and sustainable diet → land use, and population → materials use (each reported in four studies). Finally, (5) we highlighted that all the reviewed studies are based on the decision-making logic of maximizing utility. We concluded that identifying these key cause-effect variables and relationships was essential for building time-dependent inventories in LCA, and that these may be a more useful input than the direct use of any of the scenario reviewed herein.
The Extent of Online Platforms Utilization for Scholarly Research Work Dissemination: A Survey of Academic Staff in African Universities
Authors: Owan Valentine Joseph , Asuquo Michael Ekpenyong , Makuku Violet , Etudor-Eyo Eno
Published: February 2021

An assessment of the extent of the use of electronic platforms by African academic staff in universities to disseminate research was done in this study. The study is informed by the growing importance of online repositories and preprint servers in the scientific communication of scholarly output, especially in an era where the use of metrics for research appraisals and funding decisions is commonly practised. The quantitative research method was adopted, based on the descriptive survey research design. The snowball sampling technique was used for data collection. Data were collected from 1,977 respondents, distributed across 24 African countries, through the use of an electronic survey. There was a high rate of willingness among universities’ academic staff in Africa, to adopt various online platforms for research dissemination; ResearchGate is currently utilized the most for research dissemination, but Google Scholar is the platform respondents are more willing to adopt for research dissemination; the rate at which academic staff research output can be found online as a ratio of their total publication is 64.04% and in the ratio of 2.00:3.12; poor access to Internet facilities at home and workplaces are the major challenges academic staff face in the utilization of digital platforms for RD. It was recommended, amongst others that academic staff in universities should endeavour to explore and utilize at least ten of the online platforms mentioned in this study, to enable them disseminate their scholarly works to a wider audience and for increased visibility
Dynamics of Meaning
Authors: Gindler Gary
Published: February 2021

A formal theory of meaning (the process of knowledge accumulation) as multiplicative chaos is proposed. The epistemological process is understood as the process of subjective extraction of some knowledge from the incoming information. The concepts of nonsense are introduced as a meaning that has a minimum value equal to one and the level of intelligence as a geometric mean of the cumulative meaning. The thesis of the multiplicativity of meaning, its polymorphism is substantiated, and numerous examples from world history are provided. By analogy with classical thermodynamics, three laws of thermodynamics of meaning are postulated. Estimates of the cumulative meaning when the comprehension of information (multiplicative cascade) is a random process with given statistical characteristics are carried out.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity, Acute Toxicity and Immuno-stimulatory Potential of Adenodolichos paniculatus root Extract
Authors: Kyahar IF , Onwuliri AE , Ehinmidu JO , Oladosu PO
Published: February 2021

Medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of illnesses from time immemorial. In Nigeria today a large population of people still depend on herbal medicines for their health needs. The medicinal plant, Adenodolichos paniculatus has been used traditionally as a remedy for mouth and throat infections in Pushit community of Plateau state, Nigeria. Five solvents (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) were used sequentially for the isolation of bioactive compounds from the root of the plant Adenodolichos paniculatus and concentrated on rotary vacuum evaporator. Concentrated extracts were tested for their antibacterial activities against Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli by agar-well diffusion method. Ofloxacin was the referenced drug. Chloroform root extract was more potent than the remaining four extracts. The extract at 100 mg/ml was active against only three (3) of the four (4) pathogens tested namely Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with zones of inhibition measuring 25.00, 21.00 and 11.75 mm respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract against the test organisms were 1,560, 6,250 and 25,000 µg/ml respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration was 3,120, 12,500 and 50,000 µg/ml against the three organisms. The extract was found to be nontoxic with LD50 of above 2000 (mg//kg body weight) when administered orally in mice. The plant extract has immunostimulatory activity with a significant increase (p<0.05) in white blood cell proliferation when administered into mice at doses of 50, 25 and 100 mg/kg. Conclusion: The result of this investigation supports the use of this plant for the traditional remedy of mouth and throat infections possibly caused by these test organisms. The extract can serve as lead in phytomedicine development for the treatment of throat related infections.
Comparative Assessment 0f Water Quality in the Bagmati River Basin, Nepal
Authors: Pal Chadka B , Pant Ramesh R , Rimal Bhagawat , Mishra Akkal D
Published: February 2021

Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal is one of the most populated destinations of the country. The water pollution remains a challenging issue for the sustainable development in the valley despite several pollution control devices, awareness-raising and policy measures. During monsoon period 2018, surface water samples were collected from 10 sites of the Bagmati River and its tributaries within the valley to evaluate the water quality. The different physico-chemical parameters were determined to assess pollution along a 26.5 km stretch between Sundarijal Dam to Balkhu Bridge of the Bagmati River and its selected tributaries. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) ranged from 33-816μS/cm while turbidity ranged from 0.3- 981 NTU and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ranged from 16 to 612 mg/l. The ionic concentrations were higher in the lower sections where the population density is high compared to the head waters. The high value of TDS and low value of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the lower belts of rivers were due to large inputs of waste water, uncoordinated rapid urban expansion, inadequate waste water treatment facilities and organic loads caused by anthropogenic activities. A comparative study for the water quality variables in the urban areas showed that the main river and its tributaries were equally polluted. From water analysis, downstream sites showed contamination and comparatively polluted among the tributaries and Bagmati River. There is a need to take action plan against polluted site for sustainability of aquatic health of the riverine environment and to address the river for its longer life both by public and government sectors.
An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Knowledge Sharing Methods on Cyber Security Practice
Authors: Pham Hiep Cong , Ulhaq Irfan , Nguyen Minh , Nkhoma Mathews
Published: February 2021

In a networked global economy, cyber security threats have accelerated at an enormous rate. The security infrastructure at organisational and national levels are often ineffective against these threats. As a result, academics have focused their research on information security risks and technical perspectives to enhance human-related security measures. To further extend this trend of research, this study examines the effects of three knowledge sharing methods on user security practices: security training, social media communication, and local security experts (non-IT staff). The study adopts a phenomenological method employing in-depth focus group interviews with 30 participants from eight organisations located in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. The study expands on understanding factors contributing to self-efficacy and security practice through various knowledge sharing channels. Current methods of periodical training and broadcast emails were found to be less effective in encouraging participants to develop security self-efficacy and were often ignored. Security knowledge sharing through social media and local experts were identified as supplementary methods in maintaining employees’ security awareness. In particular, social media is suggested as a preferred channel for disseminating urgent security alerts and seeking peer advice. Local security experts are praised for providing timely and contextualised security advice where member trust is needed. This study suggests that provisions of contemporary channels for security information and knowledge sharing between organisations and employees can gain regular attention from employees, hence leading to more effective security practices.
Desarrollo de marcadores funcionales asociados a caracteres fenotípicos para identificación varietal en soja
Authors: Ibarra Mariela , Castro Ariel , Capdevielle Fabián
Published: February 2021

La organización de los sistemas agrícolas requiere la verificación de la identidad y pureza genética de los cultivares. El aumento en el número de cultivares de soja a ser evaluados y su estrecha base genética dificulta su identificación mediante evaluación de descriptores fenotípicos. La Unión Internacional para la Protección de las Obtenciones Vegetales (UPOV) ha reconocido la utilidad de marcadores moleculares asociados con caracteres fenotípicos descriptivos. Con el objetivo de desarrollar ese tipo de marcadores, se seleccionaron in silico seis SSR génicos o genómicos (Sat286, Satt229, GmPrx1, GMES1173, Satt571 y GmHi), más dos marcadores previamente reportados (GmF35H y SoyF3H). Todos fueron evaluados en 35 cultivares de soja. Los SSR seleccionados para peroxidasa en testa y color de hilo (GmPrx1 y GmHi) fueron monomórficos. El contenido de información polimórfica (PIC) promedio del conjunto de marcadores polimórficos fue 0,48, con una media de 3,12 alelos por locus. GmF35H discriminó las variedades de acuerdo al color de flor (blanca y violeta). El análisis discriminante determinó alto porcentaje de clasificación correcta para el carácter hábito de crecimiento (95,8%) y color de pubescencia (80,6%), utilizando Sat286 y SoyF3H respectivamente. Los valores de clasificación para color de vaina (74,2%) y tamaño de folíolo (73,5%) fueron intermedios, utilizando GMES1173 y Satt571 respectivamente. El marcador Satt229 no resultó discriminante para ciclo a floración (50%) y maduración (42,8%). Los marcadores moleculares seleccionados dentro o cercanos a secuencias de interés pueden ser integrados a un sistema de identificación genética de variedades de soja como complemento a los descriptores fenotípicos clásicos.
Empleo de taninos enológicos y maceración prefermentativa en frío en una experiencia de elaboración de vinos tintos Tannat
Authors: Favre Guzmán , Charamelo Darwin , González-Neves Gustavo
Published: February 2021

La maceración prefermentativa en frío (MPF) y la adición de taninos enológicos (TA) al mosto son alternativas propuestas para aumentar la intensidad y calidad del color de los vinos tintos. Adicionalmente, con la MPF se busca aumentar la relación antocianos/taninos, lo que es importante para la estabilidad del color. Para evaluar la aplicación de estas alternativas en la elaboración de vinos tintos Tannat se realizó un ensayo en escala reducida (70 kg de uva por tratamiento). El testigo fue elaborado con una maceración tradicional (MT), realizada durante ocho días en simultáneo con la fermentación. En la MPF se maceró cinco días a temperaturas inferiores a 15º C, finalizando con una maceración tradicional de ocho días. En la TA fueron agregados 100 mg/L de taninos de semilla, al inicio de una maceración de ocho días. Durante las maceraciones se midieron diariamente intensidad colorante, antocianos y polifenoles totales. Al descube se determinaron la composición general, color y contenidos polifenólicos de los vinos. La extracción de antocianos y polifenoles totales fue más lenta en la MPF, obteniendo los vinos con menores contenidos de antocianos e intensidad y calidad del color, aunque tuvieron los mayores contenidos de proantocianidinas y catequinas. La TA generó vinos con más proantocianidinas y catequinas que la maceración tradicional, pero no aumentó la intensidad colorante. Los vinos con mayores contenidos de antocianos y mejor color se obtuvieron con la MT, gestionada de acuerdo con las características de la variedad y la composición de la uva empleada en el ensayo.
A Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Uruguayan and New Zealand Beef Systems
Authors: Becoña López Gonzalo , Ledgard Stewart , Wedderburn Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

In order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef production Uruguayan and New Zealand systems have a significant role to play. Despite the differences, both are exposed to the same threats, i.e. more profitable alternative systems competing for the land, with enhanced production through intensification being a common response, and increasing pressure on the environment. This issue has attracted attention around the world concerning climate change and GHG emissions associated with animal production systems. The comparison using a whole-farm model (OVERSEER®), shows clear differences in GHG emissions, with higher emissions (in carbon dioxide equivalents, CO2 eq) per kilogram of beef on Uruguayan farms (18.4-21.0 kg CO2 eq/beef) compared with New Zealand farms (8-10 kg CO2 eq/beef) as a result of lower production efficiency. However, the emissions per hectare were higher on intensive New Zealand farms (3013-6683 kg CO2 eq/ha/year) than on Uruguayan farms (1895-2226 kg CO2 eq/ha/year) due to high stocking rates and increased inputs. Sensitivity analysis revealed a large effect of methodology and the benefit of using tier 2 factors that account for differences in animal productivity and feed quality. Nitrous oxide emissions factors for animal excreta determined in New Zealand are half of the default IPCC factors, while activity factors for indirect nitrous oxide emissions from excreta-ammonia and N leaching are 50% and 23% respectively. Increased feed conversion efficiency in the more intensive systems was associated with lower GHG intensity but farm systems also need to account for other environmental factors that are more important on a regional or catchment basis.