bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic behavior of agricultural land market subjects
Authors: Trofimova V. I.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to build the agricultural land market subjects’ economic behavior models. The formation of rational land use in the agrarian sphere indicates influence of institutional factors – motives and interests of land owners that allow to ensure land distribution included in the market turnover between the most efficient users. The structural scheme of the agricultural land market subjects’ behavior motives has been proposed. The motives of sellers in the land market are to optimize income that is achieved by increasing a land plot attractiveness. Buyers are guided by the possession motives, use and disposal of land by acquiring a land plot. Sellers and buyers of land plots are individuals and legal entities. Agricultural organizations, individual entrepreneurs, farms, personal subsidiary plots, and citizens (rural population) participate in land sailing. Buyers in the market are owner, land user, landowner, and tenant. The functions of sellers and buyers have been systematized considering the purpose and action of the actors. Destructive and rational models of the agricultural land market actors’ economic behavior have been presented and developed. The application of the destructive model is associated with negative consequences characterized by land withdrawal from economic turnover, change of its intended purpose, and land transfer to another category. The rational model includes finding an optimal alternative under a set of constraints and provides for a high level of human intelligence and knowledge to make right decisions. Factors of this model are coordination of land ownership institutions and creation of a legal framework. It is characterized by strict administrative and legal regulation that contributes to eradication of shadowing in land relations. The area of application of the developed rational model of the agricultural land market subjects’ economic behavior is scientific organizations, agro-industrial complex management bodies at the regional and municipal levels, and agricultural producers.
Registration of Pyramicocephalus phocarum pl. (Fabricius, 1780) Monticelli, 1890 in pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius (Pennant, 1784) from the coast of West Sakhalin
Authors: Frolov E. V. , Novokreschennykh S. V. , Zavarzina N. K.
Published: December 2023

The first case of Pyramicocephalus phocarum pl. parasitism on pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius is registered.
Assessment of spawning stock for walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814 in the northern Okhotsk Sea by ichthyoplankton method taking into account the eggs mortality
Authors: Buslov A. V. , Ovsiannikov E. E. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: December 2023

A new approach for assessment of the spawning stock of walleye pollock in the northern Okhotsk Sea on the data of ichthyoplankton surveys is proposed. To estimate the actual number of spawned eggs, average age of eggs at each stage of development was determined and the eggs mortality was estimated in dependence on age. For the spring ichthyoplankton surveys in 2019–2023, the eggs mortality was evaluated as 27 % for stage I, 57 % for the stage II, 74 % for the stage III, and 86 % for the stage IV – these portions of the spawned eggs were not caught and counted. So, the number of counted eggs was in 1.7–2.1 times lower that the actual number of spawned eggs. The spawning stock biomass was amounted as 12.9 . 106 t in 2019–2023, on average, on the base of the actual number of eggs determined taking unto account the eggs mortality (while the biomass calculated from the counted number of eggs only would be 6.9 . 106 t). Results of the spawning stock estimation with this new method are comparable with the stock assessments by trawl surveys. The eggs number correction through mortality is recommended for calculation of the spawning stock for walleye pollock in the Okhotsk Sea using the ichthyoplankton method.
Variability of general characteristics of the bottom population and their effectiveness for monitoring the quality of the marine environment
Authors: Moshchenko A. V.
Published: December 2023

There is shown using the two-factor covariation analysis ANCOVA that, from the position of statistics, TPFbio is the only truly suitable index for monitoring and assessment the ecological state of the marine environment, whereas the indices AMBI, M-AMBI and BOPA should be considered as limited suitable and the others as unsuitable. Poor efficiency for the most of biota characteristics has the following three main reasons. Firstly, the number of species in samples from the areas subjected to anthropogenic stress is usually insufficient for correct calculations. Secondly, the influence of seasonal and interannual variability is usually significant and cannot be excluded. Thirdly, accurate taxonomic identification is difficult for juveniles of many species that can lead to unjustified under- or overestimation of many biotic parameters.
Hydrochemical conditions and phytoplankton in the Kievka estuary (Japan Sea) with calculation of primary production by phosphorus utilization
Authors: Kurnosova Anna S. , Shulgina M. A.
Published: December 2023

Spatial distribution of chemical parameters, as concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), inorganic silica, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total iron, dissolved oxygen, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) is considered together with species composition, abundance and biomass of phytoplankton on the data of complex survey conducted in the estuary of the Kievka River in May 2020, with special attention to DIP and phytoplankton variations along the salinity gradient in the zone of mixing fresh and saline waters. In the lower Kievka, phytoplankton was studied for the first time. The phytoplankon biomass varied from 0.05 to 0.21 g/m3, proportional to changes in primary production calculated from the DIP balance in the river water moving downstream through the estuary (from 0.02 to 0.23 g/m3km). The highest production and the highest biomass were found in the upper part of the external estuary. The water of Kievka River was initially poor in nutrients, so primary production in its estuary was supported by DIP regenerated in the process of organic matter mineralization in the internal estuary.
Socialismo digital y cibercomunismo en la Cuarta Revolución Industrial
Authors: Gayozzo Piero
Published: December 2023

El socialismo es una ideología política que propone que el Estado debe controlar los medios de producción para administrar una economía planificada. La posibilidad de que dicha tesis pueda concretarse ha sido objeto de debate a lo largo del siglo XX. La Cuarta Revolución Industrial (4RI) incluye tecnologías, como la inteligencia artificial o la Big Data, que podrían reabrir el debate a través de la formulación de nuevos modelos digitales de economía planificada. La investigación es de carácter cualitativa y brinda una breve aproximación sobre algunos modelos teóricos propuestos para actualizar el socialismo en la 4RI. Se describen seis nuevas formas de socialismo digital: la Economía de Plataforma, la Infraestructura de retroalimentación socialista, el Planeamiento central algorítmico, el Ciber-comunismo, el Comunismo de Lujo Totalmente Automatizado (FALC) y la Planificación económica de ciclo abierto in natura. Se concluye la necesidad de profundizar en el análisis de estos modelos para enriquecer el estudio de las ideologías políticas y el debate sobre el futuro de la sociedad
Una revisión de métodos, técnicas y algoritmos para sistemas de recomendación de productos tecnológicos
Authors: Guevara Fernandez Alexander , Coral Ygnacio Marco A.
Published: December 2023

Los sistemas de recomendación son herramientas de filtrado de información que ayudan a presentar elementos a los usuarios en función de sus gustos y preferencias. Por ejemplo, pueden realizar sugerencias de artículos para el hogar o productos específicos para un usuario. Actualmente, existen diversos tipos de sistemas de recomendación (SR) para abordar el incremento de información en internet por parte de las empresas y, de esa manera, mejorar la eficiencia en sus procesos de venta de productos. Así mismo, existen diferentes tipos de sistemas de recomendación que utilizan técnicas específicas para cumplir con los objetivos del rubro de la empresa. Están los sistemas de popularidad, por ejemplo, que se centran en la popularidad de un producto, teniendo como criterios los likes, comentarios, el tiempo que un cliente se tomó para revisar el producto, etcétera. También existen los de contenido que, basándose en el historial de un cliente, intentan predecir qué busca el usuario y sugerir productos en relación a posibles gustos del cliente. Finalmente, los sistemas de recomendación de filtrado colaborativo, que generan recomendaciones analizando datos, identificando usuarios y comparando la información del perfil del usuario con la de un colectivo de usuarios. En base a lo antes mencionado, en el presente artículo de investigación se propone una revisión de métodos, técnicas y algoritmos para sistemas de recomendación de productos eléctricos. El objetivo es apoyar y facilitar la toma de decisiones, así como también ayudar en el mejoramiento continuo de las empresas y, de esta manera, incrementar la eficiencia de los sistemas al momento de su implementación.
Public policies, gender, and STEM careers
Authors: Casagrande Ana Lara , Nunes Eunice Pereira dos Santos
Published: December 2023

In this work, the role of the State in public policies that subsidize the guarantee of social rights is discussed, as well as gender disparities are addressed as a historical product of the discrimination to which women have been subjected and which result in their absence in STEM careers. (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). The mapping of existing public policies and the requirement that advances be established is a necessity to allow equal access for women to opportunities and spaces of power.
Evolución de las leyes laborales que protegen a las mujeres en Bolivia
Authors: Rodríguez Nicolás , Jiménez Elizabeth , Guzmán Prudencio Guillermo
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo presenta la evolución de la construcción de institucionalidad orientada a proveer igualdad de oportunidades laborales a hombres y mujeres en Bolivia. Hace especial énfasis en la identificación de la normativa nacional (leyes, decretos supremos, convenios internacionales y regulación formal desde el Estado), que incentiva la integración al mercado de trabajo en áreas de STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics).
Lattice-Based Cryptography in the Quantum Era: A Survey
Authors: Cisneros Mauricio , Olazabal Javier
Published: December 2023

The advent of quantum computing reveals current classical cryptography’s incapacity to withstand attacks within the new paradigm. Quantum algorithms break such encryption with impressive ease, with Shor and Grover algorithms being the main perpetrators. Lattice-based key encryption is the suggested solution in multiple instances, as the complexity and randomness that these methods add to message encryption make them one of the best short- and medium-term solutions. In 2016, NIST launched a contest to find algorithms to incorporate into its security standard. Four algorithms from the third round were selected to be standardized, including the lattice-based CRYSTALSkyber. Of the latter, variants have been and are still being developed that manage to amend some weaknesses found in its implementation, such as side-channel attacks or performance issues. This investigation discusses different publications on lattice-based cryptography in conjunction with cryptanalysis in the quantum era.
AUTOPERCEPCIÓN DE LA NECESIDAD DE TRATAMIENTO DE ORTODONCIA EN LA CIUDAD DE LOJA - ECUADOR, 2021.
Authors: BRAVO MARIA DE LOURDES , Villavicencio Ebingen
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la autopercepción de la necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia en la ciudad de Loja Ecuador, 2021.Materiales y Métodos: Se aplicó una  metodología descriptiva, tipo encuesta digital, transversal en la cual se aplicó el Componente estético (CE)  del Índice de necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia (INTO). El tamaño muestral fue de  446 habitantes de la ciudad de  Loja, donde 257 fueron mujeres y 189 hombres. Se incluyeron personas a partir de los 18 años de edad de la ciudad de Loja, con un estado de salud general bueno y sin trastornos psicológicos. Fueron excluidas de este estudio las personas con incapacidad de responder el test y las personas que presentaban un título de odontólogo o estudiantes de odontología, todas las personas participantes realizaron un consentimiento informado. Para determinar la asociación de la necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia con las co variables,se utilizó la prueba estadística Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: El 4.26% de los encuestados percibieron una necesidad definitiva de tratamiento de ortodoncia, el 2.69% una necesidad moderada y el 93% restante no percibieron la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico, así también no existió asociación entre el  sexo, nivel de ingresos, ocupación y la necesidad de tratamiento auto percibida. Conclusiones: El 93% de la muestra de los habitantes de la ciudad de Loja Ecuador, a los que se les aplicó la encuesta con el Componente Estético del Índice de necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia, no percibieron una necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia.

Palabras clave: ortodoncia, autopercepción, necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia, INTO, maloclusión. (DeCS)
RELACIÓN ENTRE EL INGRESO ECONÓMICO Y LA CARIES DENTAL. Revisión Bibliográfica.
Authors: Ojeda Sarango Jose Kevin , Villavicencio Caparó Ebingen
Published: December 2023

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el ingreso económico y la caries dental. Introducción: La caries dental es una enfermedad bucodental presente en todo el mundo que afecta principalmente a la población escolar, estudios refieren que poseer un ingreso económico alto permite acceder a los servicios de atención odontológica en comparación con los grupos económicos de bajos ingresos, los cuales no tienen fácil acceso a estos servicios por el alto costo que esto les significa. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, indagando en las distintas bases digitales de información, tales como: Pubmed, Sciencedirect, ResearchGate y Scielo, brindando de esta manera información actual, confiable y de mayor relevancia científica, en dicha búsqueda de información se tomó en cuenta 30 artículos los cuales cumplen con lo requerido para realizar esta investigación. Conclusiones: Mediante la revisión bibliográfica, se puede decir que el determinante de la caries dental se relaciona con la dieta de cada individuo, mas no con el ingreso económico del mismo. Por otro lado, el ingreso económico forma parte de las barreras a un servicio de atención odontológica, en donde los grupos con ingresos económicos altos obtienen mayores beneficios que los grupos con ingresos económicos bajos.

 

Palabras clave: caries dental, ingreso económico, odontología, salud bucodental, escolares, Ecuador.

 

ABSTRACT

 

Objective: To investigate the potential relationship between economic income and dental caries. Introduction: Dental caries is a prevalent oral disease worldwide, primarily affecting school-aged individuals. Research suggests that higher economic income facilitates access to dental care services, unlike lower-income groups, which often lack affordable access due to the associated costs. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, utilizing various digital databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and SciELO. This approach ensured the inclusion of current and scientifically relevant information. Thirty articles were considered in the review process, meeting the criteria for this research. Conclusions: Literature analysis indicates that dental caries is primarily influenced by individual dietary habits rather than economic income. On the other hand, economic income contributes significantly to disparities in accessing dental care services. Groups with higher income levels benefit more from these services than those with lower incomes.

 

Keywords: dental caries, income, dentistry, oral health, school children, Ecuador.
Management Outcomes of Lymphadenopathy among the Children
Authors: Yahya Salim , Siamand , Amjad Boya Kaka Wesam
Published: December 2023

Background: Lymphadenopathy refers to the enlargement of lymph nodes due to various causes, and its appropriate management is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.

Objective: To analyze the onset of lymphadenopathy (LAP) in children in terms of gender and age, explore its clinical manifestations and the specific lymph node areas  affected, identify prevalent causes, and assess the outcomes of various treatment approaches.

Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted between October 2021 and March 2023 at Rapareen Teaching Hospital for Children in Erbil City, which examined the  lymphadenopathy in 40 children . The study included children aged 0-15 years with a lymphadenopathy diagnosis. Data collection involved recording demographic information, lymphadenopathy site and characteristics, clinical symptoms, antibiotic usage and response, reactive diagnoses, and treatment outcomes. Additional laboratory measurements were also taken. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and logistic regression analysis. The study adhered to ethical principles, obtained informed consent, and ensured data confidentiality.

Results: The mean age of the children was 3.397 ± (2.192) years. 23 (59%) children had a single lymphadenopathy, and 16 (41%) had multiple lymphadenopathies. The most common site of lymphadenopathy with a frequency of 10 (25%) was in the posterior cervical region, while  7 (17.5%) was observed in the submental area. 38 (95%) children received antibiotic treatment. Out of this number, 23 (60.5%) responded positively to the treatment, while 15 (39.5.5%) did not respond. 

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in the patients who were treated with antibiotics, the drug was able to lead to some degree of recovery.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Hussein Fadhil , Ali , Mahdi Hashim , Hashim , Sami Malik , Arif , Kadhum Manuti , Jawad , Basheer Hamid Moayed
Published: December 2023

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has recently been identified as a common complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). The risk factors for the development of PAH in those patients are not well understood.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for the development of PAH in patients with ESRD on HD.

Patients and Methods: This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 50 ESRD patients undergoing HD. The pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was measured using echocardiography. PASP ˃ 25 mmHg at rest was defined as PAH. As a result, patients were divided into two groups: those who had PAH and those who did not. Each patient's demographic, biochemical, and echographic findings were documented. 

Results: Out of 50 patients, 19 (38%) had PAH, while the remaining 31 (62%) had normal PASP. In multivariate analysis, HD duration > 3.4 years (OR= 2.13, 95%CI=1.45-31.38, p= 0.025), hypertension as a cause of ESRD (OR=6.12, 95%CI=1.4-26.77, p=0.031), hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 10.0 g/dl (OR= 4.35, 95%CI=1.88-9.84, p= 0.018), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤ 55% (OR= 6.75, 95%CI=1.87-23.74, p=0.021) were independent factors associated with PAH. PASP had a significant positive correlation with the rate of fistula flow (r= 0.295, p= 0.038) and E/A ratio (r= 0.368, p= 0.008), but a significant negative correlation with LVEF (r= -0.345, p= 0.014). PASP had a positive significant correlation with each of rate of fistula flow (r= 0.295, p= 0.038) and E/A ratio (r= 0.368, p= 0.008), while it has a negative significant correlation with LVEF (r= -0.345, p= 0.014).

Conclusion: Longer duration of HD, hypertensive nephropathy as a cause of ESRD, Hb≤ 10 g/dl, and LVEF ≤55% are among the demographic, biochemical, and clinical factors associated with the development of PAH in patients with ESRD under HD. The PASP has a positive correlation with fistula flow rate and E/A ratio and a negative correlation with LVEF.
The Impact of Practicing Exercise and Risk Factors Categorize in Osteoporotic Concerning Postmenopausal Women (Analytical study using binary logistic regression)
Authors: Farooq Khaleel , Raed , Abduljabbar Ali , Abdulkaliq , Mohammed Hassoon Suhair
Published: December 2023

Background: Osteoporosis is an illness that may be categorized as a "silent pandemic" because of its worldwide incidence. The essential characteristics of osteoporosis are bone mass reduction and degeneration in bone tissue's micro-architecture. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) seems to be the most prevalent skeletal disorder.

Objective: To study investigates the influence of practicing exercise and physical activity as the most critical contributing factors of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Data were collected directly through interviews using a special questionnaire. One hundred and fifty postmenopausal women with osteoporosis participated in this study. A rheumatologist clinically diagnosed all participants using a bone density screening (DEXA).

Results: the current study's results indicate the prevalence of osteoporosis among postmenopausal women, with a higher percentage of 69.3% in the age group (≥50 years). 60.7% of all participants were overweight and obese according to body mass index (BMI). Calcium deficiency was found in 87.3% of the subjects, more than two third (76%) of them were not practicing exercises, and 86.7% suffered from vitamin D deficiency. Reclassifying the actual and wrong percentile demonstrates the accurate percentile (overall percentage = 78.7), 32 individuals were wrongly classified, and the probability of total error was reported at around 21.3%. The most important finding was that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who exercised and participated in physical activity regularly were 13.7 times in better health than those who did not exercise.

Conclusion: Exercising and physical activity lower risk factors for postmenopausal women. It is becoming more necessary to reconsider the importance of performing exercises in maintaining and enhancing postmenopausal women's health.
Evaluation of oral health status for a group of orthodontic patients
Authors: Nihad Muhamed Al-Mujamaii , Karrar , Ali Ahmed Hentati , Hajer , Hafidh Taha , Zainab , Salim Altaee Abdulhameed
Published: December 2023

Background: Malocclusion and fixed orthodontic appliance convoluted the ordinary oral hygiene measures, which may lead to accumulation and prolonged retention of dental plaque on tooth surfaces particularly around the orthodontic brackets and auxiliaries of the fixed orthodontic appliance.
Objective: To evaluate the oral health status among a group of orthodontic patients by evaluating the plaque, gingival, calculus, and Enamel Decalcification indices.
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted among 128 persons (64 with fixed orthodontic appliance as a study group and 64 without fixed orthodontic appliance as a control group. An assessment of related clinical parameters as plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices were done.
Results: The present study revealed that the mean plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices for the total sample were (1.182±0.356), (1.230±0.269), and (1.329±0.413) respectively. Additionally, all of these indices were higher among study group (fixed orthodontic patient) than among control group (persons without orthodontic appliance) with statistically significant difference among groups for each.
Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic appliance is an effective plaque retentive factor that accumulate dental plaque which is the main causative factor for development of enamel white spot lesion and periodontal disease.
Problems of functioning of public administration mechanisms concerning the operational monitoring of the state of potentially dangerous objects
Authors: Shvedun Viktoriia , Ihnatiev Oleksandr , Postupna Olena
Published: December 2023

The problems concerning functioning of the modern Unified State Civil Protection System were studied, namely: the problems of functioning of a single information environment for the prompt supply of data on monitoring the state of potentially dangerous objects, only partial automation of processes concerning organization of the “dispatcher-applicant” dialogue during regulation passing information in the system of emergency assistance to the population using the single telephone number 112. An analysis of the mechanism of information flow in the system of emergency assistance to the population using the single telephone number 112 was carried out. It was shown that currently only part of the processes related to the organization of the “dispatcher-applicant” dialogue and the display of the operational situation on the electrified plan are automated. It has been proved that the territorial and functional subsystems of the Unified State Civil Protection System currently do not provide proper daily collection, processing, transmission and analysis of information about the probability of emergencies of man-made and natural nature and the development of preventive measures and proposals for their implementation. The need to improve the information mechanism of public administration of monitoring the state of potentially dangerous objects through the development of software complexes based on the functioning of intelligent systems, which are focused on processing unstructured data using Sentiment Analysis methods, has been confirmed.
Law practice in ukraine in the aspect of implementation of general european standards of the organization of legal activities (theoretical and legal aspect)
Authors: Beresten Artem
Published: December 2023

The article examines the development directions of the advocacy institute based on the analysis of the content of the special legislation of Ukraine. In the aspect of intensifying the processes of European integration of Ukraine, as a candidate state for joining the European Union, the main factors of reforming the institution of advocacy of the self-governing bodies of the advocates are analyzed, the priorities of the reform of the legislation on advocacy are outlined, taking into account the problems of the practice of advocacy. On the basis of a systematic analysis of international and bilateral documents, the latest amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On the Bar of Ukraine" and laws on the implementation of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen of Ukraine provided for by the Constitution, aspects of the practical implementation of the principles of the rule of law, strict adherence to the constitutional provisions of the law, democracy, social expediency, principles of scientific validity, systematicity and coherence, interconnection and interaction of legislative acts, priority of generally recognized norms and principles of international law in relation to national legislation.

The conclusion that the main task in the process of practicing law is to highlight the processes of reforming the institution of advocacy and the mechanisms for ensuring the development of special legislation is substantiated. Special emphasis is placed on improving the self-government of lawyers, guarantees for the protection of the professional rights of lawyers, and strengthening the qualification requirements for persons who must gain access to the profession of lawyer.
Features of the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in Ukraine
Authors: Kurakin Oleksandr , Skriabin Oleksii
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The rapid development of information technologies in general, and artificial intelligence in particular, significantly outpaces the introduction of legal regulation in this area. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the imperfection and the presence of gaps in the legislation regarding the use of artificial intelligence technologies. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in Ukraine and to determine the possibilities of increasing its effectiveness. The main tasks of the research are the analysis of current legislation in the field of artificial intelligence in Ukraine; outline of the main risks and problems of the spread of artificial intelligence technologies that require regulatory regulation; identification of gaps and shortcomings and identification of opportunities for improvement of legislation in the field of use of artificial intelligence.

Summary of the main results of the study. The article analyzes regulatory and legal documents regulating the use of artificial intelligence in Ukraine: the Concept of Artificial Intelligence Development, the Roadmap for the Regulation of Artificial Intelligence, the "Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine for 2022-2030", the Law "On Copyright and Related Rights". The main theories regarding the definition of legal personality of artificial intelligence are considered. The risks of using artificial intelligence technologies are identified, which should be taken into account when developing legislation in this area. An opinion is expressed regarding the need to apply a comprehensive approach to the development of the legislative framework for artificial intelligence.

Conclusions. The conducted research made it possible to determine the possibilities of improving the legislation in the field of using artificial intelligence. It was noted that, in addition to the Law on Artificial Intelligence, it is expedient to develop and implement related laws that will regulate legal relations in the field of using artificial intelligence. It is important to adopt the Law on Artificial Intelligence, which will establish norms for determining the legal personality of artificial intelligence systems, ethical aspects of the use of artificial intelligence technologies, cover various areas of use of artificial intelligence, define rights and obligations when using such technologies and responsibility for violations of these norms .
Prospects of regulatory and legal support for obtaining a higher legal education by a citizen of Ukraine
Authors: Smulska Alla
Published: December 2023

The article states that meticulous attention is always paid to legal education, which is why the requirements for the quality of training of graduates of legal specialties must be increased; the urgency of the issue of training highly qualified lawyers is emphasized, which affects the quality of higher legal education as a whole, which requires a detailed consideration of the state and prospects of legal support for the acquisition of higher legal education by a citizen of Ukraine; it is indicated that the attention of those concerned and interested is focused on the conditions and quality of education, domestic educational standards and foreign experience, forms of education, rights, duties and responsibilities of students, teachers and educational institutions; a number of projects of legislative initiatives are being considered, which have not yet been approved; emphasis is placed on certain aspects of the declared problem, to which the attention of domestic scientists is focused; it is emphasized that the regulatory and legal framework should be formed taking into account European standards and progressive international experience, it is warned that due to the armed aggression of a neighboring state, the reform progress in matters of obtaining education in Ukraine has currently slowed down; there is a shared opinion about the fact that the legal profession has always been and remains in demand, prestigious and popular at all times and today, and the requirements for lawyers are becoming more and more demanding and meticulous, since lawyers are always in the field of view of various observers; it is emphasized that any true professional must thoroughly possess not only professional knowledge, skills, and abilities, but also have versatile intellectual training, high linguistic and communicative culture, and knowledge of pedagogy and psychology; attention is drawn to the fact that the implementation of the "Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in Ukraine for 2022-2032" should continue with the reconstruction and reform of the higher education system in the post-war period.
Civil-legal regulation of public relations in the digital environment
Authors: Michurin Ievgen
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Digitization of society is a global process that includes legal aspects. In the context of the digital transformation of society, various social relations related to digital technologies arise. These relations concern digital things in respect of which absolute and relative civil rights arise. Their legal nature requires further clarification. Therefore, the study of social relations in the digital environment is relevant. Such relations should be accompanied by appropriate legal regulation.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of civil law regulation of social relations in the digital environment. The following research methods were used. Formal and logical - in identifying types of legal relations in the digital environment. The system-structural method was applied to reveal the peculiarities of legal relations in the digital environment. The dialectical method was applied when comparing contracts in civil law and smart contracts.

Summary of the main results of the study. Legal norms that regulate social relations in the digital environment began to be embodied in the Central Committee of Ukraine, separate laws. The understanding of a thing in civil law takes into account the existence of such an object in the digital environment. Property rights are extended to property taking into account European legal practice. Therefore, property rights can be applied to digital things as well. The civil law regulation of social relations concerns contracts regarding digital things, the provisions of which must be included in the Central Committee of Ukraine. This contributes to the proper implementation of civil turnover in relation to the specified objects. Contracts regarding digital things can be conventionally divided into classic for civil law and smart contracts. The Central Committee of Ukraine should be supplemented with regulations on smart contracts. Further legal regulation of contracts contributes to the proper circulation of digital things.

Conclusions. One of the important tasks of civics for the near future is to clarify the legal nature of social relations in the digital environment. The development of social relations through digitalization must be combined with the necessary legal regulation in civil legislation. In civil legislation, it is necessary to continue to establish the ownership of digital things by absolute right. Provisions regarding contracts, smart contracts regarding digital property need to be established. The further development of civil law in the near future will be closely related to the legal regulation of digital technology objects. Regulation of absolute and relative rights to them is necessary.
Ensuring employment of the population: international legal standards and national experience
Authors: Kulachok-Titova Liudmila , Pakhomova Iryna
Published: December 2023

The article examines a number of international regulatory acts containing the main legal standards in the field of ensuring employment of the population, combating unemployment and social security of a person in connection with the loss of a person's job for reasons beyond his control. It is noted that these areas of legal regulation are directly related to the right to work, the effective prohibition of discrimination and forced labor, as well as the right to free personal development and decent work. The change in trends in the social policy of the states is monitored from the simple support of a sufficient living standard of the unemployed through the provision of state or insurance benefits to the state employment policy, which stimulates employment based on professional orientation, choosing a profession with maximum consideration of natural abilities and already acquired skills, opportunities for professional training, retraining and advanced training, building a system of professional education in accordance with the needs of the labor market, etc.

International legal standards, which are the basis for the development of the legal system of any modern state, determine the directions of reforming both the legal system as a whole and its individual branches. Accordingly, the labor and social security legislation of Ukraine is also developing in line with global and European trends. In particular, already during the years of independence, legislation on employment and social protection of the unemployed has undergone significant reforms, increasingly approaching the high standards of ensuring human rights in this area. The revision of the 2012 Law of Ukraine "On Employment of the Population" was a significant progressive step, as it provided for a number of measures to stimulate productive employment, help young people get their first job, and regulated the procedure for employment of foreign citizens in Ukraine. This Law and the relevant regulatory documents are subject to constant changes, especially in the last few years in connection with the problems of the pandemic caused by the spread of COVID-19 in the period of 2020-21 and the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine from February 2022 to the present . It should be noted that the cooperation of the legislative and executive branches of government with experts of specialized international organizations brings positive results, as Ukrainian legal norms are increasingly approaching recognized international standards, in particular, the standards of the European Union, in which the main goal is to ensure human rights, respect for the individual, human dignity and equality of treatment in the spheres of employment and professional education.
Administrative and legal status of the National Health Service of Ukraine
Authors: Bashynska Daria
Published: December 2023

The article examines the peculiarities and prerequisites of the formation of the administrative and legal status of the National Health Service of Ukraine as a central body of executive power. It is argued that the administrative-legal status of the National Health Service of Ukraine is determined by the norms of administrative legislation, the tasks and competence of the National Health Service of Ukraine regarding the implementation of state policy in the field of state financial guarantees of medical care and performance of the functions of the customer of medical services. The article defines that the administrative and legal status of the National Health Service of Ukraine is characterized by such criteria as: 1) normative basis of activity; 2) structure; 3) tasks of the service; 4) functions; 5) competence.

The basis of legal regulation of the activity of the National Health Service of Ukraine is the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On State Financial Guarantees of Medical Services of the Population" dated 19.10.2017 and the Regulation on the National Health Service of Ukraine, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 27 December 2017 No. 1101. It is claimed that the powers of the National Health Service of Ukraine are separate powers entrusted to this institution within the scope of its tasks and activities. The administrative and economic aspects of the legal personality of the National Health Service as a structure that assumes, in addition to the organizational, economic functions of a single customer of medical services and medicines, are also considered. Therefore, both administrative and economic powers are concentrated in this body, which makes its legal position quite specific.

The article emphasizes that the National Health Service of Ukraine is a body of state executive power with a special function of an independent public institution of administration, financing and control, which is integrated into a system and establishes uniform standards for the functioning of all health care institutions, acting as a customer of medical services on behalf of the state during the implementation of state guarantees of medical care.
Administrative and legal principles of the ministry of digital transformation of Ukraine
Authors: Zakrynytska Viktoriia , Plotnikova Kateryna
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Modern digitization is developing simultaneously along its three key vectors: information society; digital economic relations; e-government. Information processes in modern society encourage central bodies of executive power to update their own activities.

The relevance is due to the fact that society's demand for digitization, the opening of national electronic resources and the introduction of electronic services are the main challenges for reforming the state digital policy. One of the rather important steps in the digitalization of society and the state was the creation of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine in 2019.

The goal is to clarify the administrative and legal basis of the activity of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine.

Methods. Theoretical and general scientific (analysis, synthesis, systematization), empirical method.

Main results of the research. The article is devoted to a theoretical study of the peculiarities of the administrative and legal foundations of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. It was determined that the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine has clearly defined goals, tasks and powers, and justified the implementation of public administration in the field of electronic governance. The tasks of the ministry are systematized according to key areas such as: tasks of state administration; public service tasks; task of stimulating entrepreneurship.

The conclusions. The Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine is the central certification body in the field of electronic trust services. The development of broadband access to the Internet, telecommunications networks and the IT industry is also within the competence of the Ministry. Having analyzed the tasks and powers of the Ministry of Digital, the main among them are administrative and national ones, which form the main layer of its activity and ensure its essence.
The Code of Administrative Justice of Ukraine in the system of regulation of alternative methods of solving public legal disputes and conflicts
Authors: Stiebieliev Anton
Published: December 2023

The article states that the sphere of resolving public-law disputes and conflicts is insufficiently regulated and indicates that it requires further adoption of relevant legislative acts or amendments to current acts in this area. At the same time, it is noted that the legislative principles for the application of alternative methods of resolving public legal disputes and conflicts are contained in the Code of Administrative Justice of Ukraine. It is noted that the Code of Administrative Justice of Ukraine contains the following legislative provisions regarding the possibility of using alternative methods of resolving public legal disputes and conflicts. The specified Code was adopted on July 6, 2005, but part of the norms related to the above issues and, in particular, mediation in the Code appeared much later. In particular, the Code was supplemented with such norms on the basis of the third clause of Chapter IV "Final and Transitional Provisions" of the Law of Ukraine "On Mediation" dated November 16, 2021.

In view of the analysis of the provisions of the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine, this legal act orients the parties to the possibility of resolving the dispute in the following ways: 1) by conciliation; 2) through mediation as an out-of-court method of dispute settlement; 3) by applying to the court to settle the dispute with the participation of a judge. At the same time, the Code regulates only conciliation and going to court to settle the dispute with the participation of a judge. Mediation as an alternative way of resolving public legal disputes and conflicts is taken into account by the Code in different ways, but the detailed regulation of this procedure, as is known, is carried out by a separate Law.

The article states that the proceduralization of such a form as settlement of a dispute with the participation of a judge is of a rather limited nature and is connected with the introduction at the level of procedural law of a minimal set of rules without detailed regulation of the specifics of their application. Taking into account the professional consciousness of judges and their constant activity within the limits of the maximum procedural regulation of such activity, the stated approach of the legislator, in our opinion, needs clarification and development at the level of other acts. In particular, within the limits of such acts, it would be possible to approve a scientifically based and practically tested method of dispute settlement with the participation of a judge.
Peculiarities of recognition of a legal entity under public law as a victim in criminal proceedings
Authors: Hryhorenko Yevhen , Perederii Oleksandr , Aleksandrov Viacheslav
Published: December 2023

The article, taking into account the inconsistency of doctrinal approaches regarding the legal entity — the victim, analyzes the issues regarding the correct definition of legal entities under public law as victims in criminal proceedings. At the same time, it is noted that the specifics of legal entities under public law significantly affect the specifics of identifying them as victims. The features of their interaction within the system of public authorities, the specifics of the distribution of powers, the allocation of subventions from the regional budget and other specific aspects of the flow of legal relations are indicated. The article takes into account the practice of providing expert opinions in the field of law within both pretrial investigation and court proceedings, and which allows us to assert that the above issues are not always resolved correctly.

It is pointed out that if the victim is a legal entity, then according to the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine, property damage must be directly caused to such a person by a criminal offense and this must be proven and substantiated within the framework of the pre-trial investigation. However, this approach to legal entities that can acquire the procedural status of a victim is relatively new and is enshrined in the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 2012. In this regard, damage can be considered as negative and unfavorable consequences that occur when property or personal non-property rights and benefits are restricted or violated, which belong directly to a specific victim. On the basis of the above, it can be stated that the damage is one of the grounds for the emergence of legal liability and at the same time it must be caused to a specific, clearly defined legal entity under public law. In view of this, in the case of causing corresponding damage to state interests in the person of individual legal entities, such legal entities under public law must be precisely defined.