bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overwinter Storage of European Beech and Norway Spruce Planting Stock: Effect of Different Methods and Temperature Conditions
Authors: Pantová Petra , Houšková Kateřina , Mauer Oldřich
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research was to compare methods of overwinter storage of forest tree species planting stock and to specify of the optimal and the minimal temperature for freezing. Planting stock of European beech and Norway spruce were stored three times over a period of dormancy (2015/2016, 2016/2017, 2017/2018) (1) in freezers, (2) in an air-conditioned warehouse, (3) in a cave and (4) in soil (bare-rooted plants) and at a holding area (containerized plants), i.e., an open storage. During storage, the vitality of plants was determined using the root electrolyte leakage (REL) parameter, and in 2016 also by restoring growth in a sample of plants. The stored plants were always planted in a forest research plot in the spring and their basic morphological parameters and mortality were evaluated at the end of the growing season. The most suitable temperature for storage of both bare-rooted and containerized beech and spruce was in the range from −3.4 °C to −1.7 °C. The plants after overwinter storage showed no significant mortality after planting–they showed a high vitality of the fine roots and a normal increment, and were not damaged by frost, mold or other negative factors during storage.
Influence of the Area per Player in Non-Professional Soccer Players: A Pilot Study Focused on Positional Roles
Authors: Mancini Annamaria , Vitucci Daniela , Meo Pasquale , Capobianco Adriano , Martone Domenico , Cozzolino Francesca , Buono Pasqualina , Imperlini Esther , Orrù Stefania
Published: September 2021

This study analyses the influence of different area per player (AP; 75, 98 and 131 m2) on the average metabolic power (MP) and other soccer-related performance variables in relation to the positional roles. We recruited 19 non-professional male soccer players (25.2 ± 6.3 y; 23.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 16.4 ± 6.3 y soccer experience) to play three different small-sided games (SSGs): SSG1 (5 vs. 5; 30 × 30 m; 5 min), SSG2 (5 vs. 5; 35 × 45 m; 5 min) and SSG3 (7 vs. 7; 35 × 45 m; 8 min). Specific playing rules were applied. GPS-assessed soccer-related variables were: average MP (AMP), distance covered in 1 min (DIS); % time spent at high speed (v > 16 km/h; % hst) or MP (>20 W/kg; % hmpt); % distance covered at high positive/negative speed (2 < v < 4 m/s2, % ACC; −6 < v < −2 m/s2, % DEC); and number of actions at high MP (hmpa). All recorded variables differed when each SSG was compared to the others (p < 0.05), but for hmpa for attackers. Most performance variables were positively associated with increasing AP (p < 0.05), but for % ACC and % DEC, and differed among positional roles within the same SSG (p < 0.05). Here the general applicability of SSGs, regardless the physical/technical skills of the group of players, to enhance performance is confirmed; furthermore, quantitative advices on AMP and other performance variables are provided to achieve significant improvements in all soccer players of the team.
Effects of Rare Earth Elements on Blood Pressure and Their Exposure Biomarkers: Evidence from Animal Experiments
Authors: Pang Yiming , Jiang Jianjun , Li Kexin , Yan Lailai , Feng Yanqiu , Wang Junli , Cao Xiaolu , Li Zhiwen , Wang Bin
Published: September 2021

Solid fuel combustion is an important source of the release of rare earth elements (REEs) into the ambient environment, resulting in potential adverse effects on human cardiovascular health. Our study aimed to identify reliable exposure biomarkers of REE intake and their potential role in blood pressure change. A total of 24 rats were administered with 14 REE chlorides at four doses (six rats per group). Fur samples were collected both before and after administration. Blood samples were collected after 12 weeks of REE intake. The REE concentrations in rat fur and blood samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. For each week, blood pressure, as well as heart rate and pulse pressure, were measured. The linear mixed-effect model was used to analyze the relationship between REE administration dose and blood pressure change. We found that the REE concentration in fur, but not blood, samples exhibited significant dose–response relationships with administration dose. It suggested that hair samples are a more efficient matrix for indicating the exposure level of a population to REEs than blood samples. However, there was no dose–response relationships between the administration dose and blood pressure change of rats, or with heart rate and pulse pressure for the 14 REEs. We also did not find a dose–response relationship between REE administration levels and plasma concentration of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, as an important DNA oxidative stress damage biomarker. In conclusion, hair samples are more suitable as a sample type to reliably assess exposure to REEs than blood samples, and REEs did not have a direct adverse effect on blood pressure in our rat model.
Computing Techniques for Environmental Research and Public Health
Authors: Jeon Gwanggil , Chehri Abdellah
Published: September 2021

Human bodies are continuously generating information about our health [...]
Cost of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Real-World Data: An Observational Population-Based Study in Spain
Authors: Usó-Talamantes Ruth , González-de-Julián Silvia , Díaz-Carnicero Javier , Saurí-Ferrer Inmaculada , Trillo-Mata José Luis , Carrasco-Pérez Marc , Navarro-Pérez Jorge , Górriz José Luis , Vivas-Consuelo David , Redón Josep
Published: September 2021

This study analyzed the prevalence, costs and economic impact of chronic kidney disease CKD in patients with T2D in a Spanish Health District using real-world data. Observational cross-sectional study in adult patients with T2D was through data extracted from the information systems of the Valencia Clínico–La Malvarrosa Health District in the year 2015. Patients were stratified with the KDIGO classification for CKD. Additionally, patients were assigned to Clinical Risk Groups (CRGs) according to multimorbidity. Direct costs of primary and specialized care, and medication were estimated. The prevalence of T2D in the database population (n = 28,345) was 10.8% (mean age (SD) = 67.8 years (13.9); 51.5% male). Up to 14.935 patients (52.6%) had data on kidney function. According to the KDIGO classification, 66.2% of the patients were at low risk of CKD, 20.6% at moderately increased risk, 7.9% at high risk, and 5.2% at very high risk. The average healthcare costs associated with these four risk groups were EUR 3437, EUR 4936, EUR 5899 and EUR 7389, respectively. The large number of T2D patients with CKD in the early stages of the disease generated a significant increase in direct healthcare costs. The economic impact could be mitigated by early and comprehensive therapeutic approaches.
Exploring Trans People’s Narratives of Transition: Negotiation of Gendered Bodies in Physical Activity and Sport
Authors: Pereira-García Sofía , Devís-Devís José , López-Cañada Elena , Fuentes-Miguel Jorge , Sparkes Andrew C. , Pérez-Samaniego Víctor
Published: September 2021

This paper explores how trans people who make transitions negotiate their gendered bodies in different moments of this process, and how their narrative storylines are emplotted in physical activity and (non)organized sports (PAS) participation. A qualitative semi-structured interview-based study was developed to analyze the stories of eight trans people (three trans women, two trans men, and three nonbinary persons) who participated in PAS before and during their gender disclosure. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the patterns in the transition process and the structural analysis of the stories from the interviews. Three transition moments (the closet, opening up, and reassuring) were identified from the thematic analysis. Most participants showed difficulties in achieving their PAS participation during the two earlier moments. The predominance of failure storylines was found particularly in men, while success was more likely to appear in women because their bodies and choices fitted better with their PAS gender ideals. The nonbinary trans persons present alternative storylines in which corporeality has less influence on their PAS experiences. The knowledge provided on the moments and the stories of transition help to explain trans people’s (non)involvement in PAS and to guide policymaking and professional action in PAS fields.
Death Anxiety and Loneliness among Older Adults: Role of Parental Self-Efficacy
Authors: Greenblatt-Kimron Lee , Kestler-Peleg Miri , Even-Zohar Ahuva , Lavenda Osnat
Published: September 2021

Death anxiety and loneliness are major issues for older people. The present study aimed to broaden the understanding of factors that are linked with increased loneliness in old age by examining the association between death anxiety and loneliness, and the role of an unexplored variable among older adults, namely, parental self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 362 Israeli parents over the age of 65 was recruited through means of social media. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires, which included background characteristics, death anxiety, parental self-efficacy, and loneliness measures. The findings showed that death anxiety was positively associated with loneliness among older adults. The findings also confirmed that parental self-efficacy moderated this association in this population. We concluded that the combination of death anxiety and low parental self-efficacy identified a group of older adults that are at higher risk of developing increased loneliness levels. Mental health professionals should consider intergenerational relationships as a fundamental component of older adults’ daily lives, focusing on parental self-efficacy in old age, as this appears to be a resilience resource.
Effects of Six-Week Resistance Training with or without Vibration on Metabolic Markers of Bone Metabolism
Authors: Lau Patrick , Beijer Åsa , Rosenberger André , Schoenau Eckhard , Clemen Christoph Stephan , Zange Jochen , Rittweger Jörn
Published: September 2021

Acute and protracted effects of resistive exercise (RE) and resistive exercise with whole-body vibration (RVE) on metabolic markers of bone metabolism were investigated. Twenty-six men participated in a randomized training program including RE (n = 13; age = 23.4 ± 1.4 years) or RVE (n = 13; age = 24.3 ± 3.3 years). During the first session, acute C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) responses decreased by 12.9% (standard deviation, SD 13.7%) after 2 min, followed by a 15.5% (SD 36.0%) increase at 75 min after exercise (both p < 0.001). Procollagen type I amino terminal propeptide (P1NP) increased by 12.9% (SD 9.1%) at 2 min (p < 0.001) but no change occurred at 75 min. Sclerostin showed prolonged responses from 2 to 75 min post-exercise in the first session (p < 0.001). Acute responses at the first session were comparable between groups for CTX and P1NP, acute sclerostin responses were substantially greater in RE than in RVE (p = 0.003). No significant differences were noted in the resting baseline levels of CTX, P1NP, or sclerostin from the beginning to the end of the six-week progressive training. The present study therefore did not demonstrate any sizeable enhancement of bone turnover that could match the effects that have been repeatably made in response to countermeasure exercise during bed rest.
Quality of Life and Child’s Autism-Specific Difficulties among Malaysian Main Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Asahar Siti Fairus , Malek Khasnur Abd , Isa Mohamad Rodi
Published: September 2021

Caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the factors associated with perceived QoL and how problematic a child’s autism-specific difficulties are among the main caregivers of children with ASD who attend specialized preschool programs at the National Autism Society of Malaysia and IDEAS Autism Centre located in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. Utilizing the questions from Parts A and B of the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA), the data from 116 responders were analyzed using univariate and multivariate linear regression. The mean scores of Part A and Part B were 88.55 ± 17.25 and 56.55 ± 12.35, respectively. The QoL was significantly associated with staying in an apartment/flat −11.37 (95%CI: −19.52, −1.17, p = 0.008), main caregivers attending two training sessions 10.35 (95%CI: 1.17, 19.52, p = 0.028), and more than three training sessions 13.36 (95%CI: 2.01, 24.70, p = 0.022). Main caregiver perceptions of their child’s autistic-specific difficulties were significantly associated with not receiving additional help for childcare: no maid −13.54 (95%CI: −24.17, −12.91, p = 0.013); no grandparent −8.65 (95%: −14.33, −2.96, p = 0.003); and main caregivers not having asthma 8.44 (95%CI: 0.02, 16.86, p = 0.049). These identified factors can be considered to inform main caregivers and health care providers on targeted ways to improve the QoL of main caregivers.
Influence of Population Density for COVID-19 Spread in Malaysia: An Ecological Study
Authors: Ganasegeran Kurubaran , Jamil Mohd Fadzly Amar , Ch’ng Alan Swee Hock , Looi Irene , Peariasamy Kalaiarasu M.
Published: September 2021

The rapid transmission of highly contagious infectious diseases within communities can yield potential hotspots or clusters across geographies. For COVID-19, the impact of population density on transmission models demonstrates mixed findings. This study aims to determine the correlations between population density, clusters, and COVID-19 incidence across districts and regions in Malaysia. This countrywide ecological study was conducted between 22 January 2021 and 4 February 2021 involving 51,476 active COVID-19 cases during Malaysia’s third wave of the pandemic, prior to the reimplementation of lockdowns. Population data from multiple sources was aggregated and spatial analytics were performed to visualize distributional choropleths of COVID-19 cases in relation to population density. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to synthesize dendrograms to demarcate potential clusters against population density. Region-wise correlations and simple linear regression models were deduced to observe the strength of the correlations and the propagation effects of COVID-19 infections relative to population density. Distributional heats in choropleths and cluster analysis showed that districts with a high number of inhabitants and a high population density had a greater number of cases in proportion to the population in that area. The Central region had the strongest correlation between COVID-19 cases and population density (r = 0.912; 95% CI 0.911, 0.913; p < 0.001). The propagation effect and the spread of disease was greater in urbanized districts or cities. Population density is an important factor for the spread of COVID-19 in Malaysia.
Fostering Holistic Development with a Designed Multisport Intervention in Physical Education: A Class-Randomized Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Condello Giancarlo , Mazzoli Emiliano , Masci Ilaria , De Fano Antonio , Ben-Soussan Tal Dotan , Marchetti Rosalba , Pesce Caterina
Published: September 2021

Physical education (PE) is acknowledged as a relevant context for holistic child and youth development promotion. However, interventional research mostly builds on individual theories focused on specific outcome domains. This study presents a multisport enriched PE intervention that capitalizes on the intersection of different theory-based approaches to motor, cognitive and socio-emotional skills development promotion. With a cross-over design, 181 fifth graders, coming from a past class-randomized trial of enriched or traditional PE in their 1st–3rd grade, were stratified (based on their previous PE experience) and class-randomized to multisport enriched PE or control group. They completed pre-post assessments in motor and sport skills, cool (inhibition, working memory) and hot (decision making) executive functions, prosocial (empathy, cooperation) and antisocial (quick-temperedness, disruptiveness) behaviors. Children in the enriched PE group showed advantages in motor and prosocial skills after the intervention, which were linked by a mediation path, and an interactive effect of past and actual PE experience on decision making but no differential effects on other variables. The results suggest that a PE intervention designed with an integrative theory base, although not allowing disentangling the contribution of individual components to its efficacy, may help pursue benefits in motor and non-motor domains relevant to whole-child development.
Forecasting Erroneous Neural Machine Translation of Disease Symptoms: Development of Bayesian Probabilistic Classifiers for Cross-Lingual Health Translation
Authors: Ji Meng , Xie Wenxiu , Huang Riliu , Qian Xiaobo
Published: September 2021

Background: Machine translation (MT) technologies have increasing applications in healthcare. Despite their convenience, cost-effectiveness, and constantly improved accuracy, research shows that the use of MT tools in medical or healthcare settings poses risks to vulnerable populations. Objectives: We aimed to develop machine learning classifiers (MNB and RVM) to forecast nuanced yet significant MT errors of clinical symptoms in Chinese neural MT outputs. Methods: We screened human translations of MSD Manuals for information on self-diagnosis of infectious diseases and produced their matching neural MT outputs for subsequent pairwise quality assessment by trained bilingual health researchers. Different feature optimisation and normalisation techniques were used to identify the best feature set. Results: The RVM classifier using optimised, normalised (L2 normalisation) semantic features achieved the highest sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and accuracy. MNB achieved similar high performance using the same optimised semantic feature set. The best probability threshold of the best performing RVM classifier was found at 0.6, with a very high positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 27.82 (95% CI: 3.99, 193.76), and a low negative likelihood ratio (LR−) of 0.19 (95% CI: 0.08, 046), suggesting the high diagnostic utility of our model to predict the probabilities of erroneous MT of disease symptoms to help reverse potential inaccurate self-diagnosis of diseases among vulnerable people without adequate medical knowledge or an ability to ascertain the reliability of MT outputs. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the viability, flexibility, and efficiency of introducing machine learning models to help promote risk-aware use of MT technologies to achieve optimal, safer digital health outcomes for vulnerable people.
The Impact of Retirement on Happiness and Loneliness in Poland—Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Abramowska-Kmon Anita , Łątkowski Wojciech
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the impact of retirement on people’s subjective quality of life, as expressed by their levels of happiness and loneliness, in Poland. We analysed five waves of the Social Diagnosis panel survey conducted between 2007 and 2015. To account for unobserved individual heterogeneity, we employed fixed effects ordered logit models and fixed effect logistic models for the panel data. We found that the respondents’ happiness levels did not change after they retired, and that the introduction of interactions between retirement and employment did not alter these findings. However, the results of the loneliness model showed that the probability of being lonely increased among males after retirement. Second, the outcomes of interactions between retirement and employment suggested that not working after retirement increased the likelihood of being lonely among men, whereas engaging in bridge employment decreased the chances of being lonely among men. These findings may indicate that combining retirement with employment may be a source of social interaction, which can provide protection against loneliness, and which may, in turn, be positively related to other factors (i.e., subjective quality of life, health status, and mortality).
Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Land of Different Quality Grades in Yangtze River Delta of China
Authors: Wang Hua , Li Wuyan , Zhu Congmou , Tang Xiaobo
Published: September 2021

The distribution of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land is closely related to the quality of the cultivated land. In this study, 533 soil samples were collected from cultivated land in the Yangtze River delta region in China for Cd, Pb, and Hg analyses. Spatial statistical analysis was used to study the heavy metal pollution in the cultivated land, and the driving forces of heavy metal distribution in different cultivated land quality subdivisions were analyzed with GeogDetector. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Among the three heavy metals in the study area, the coefficient of variation of Cd is the largest, and that of Pb is the smallest. The proportion of Cd and Hg exceeding the standard value (the standard of level two in GB 15618—2018) is relatively large, both of which are 5%; (2) From the perspective of the spatial distribution of soil heavy metal pollution, only four counties (CX, HN, WY, and LH) were free of heavy metal pollution. Soil heavy metal pollution in AJ, SY, QJ, and DS counties is relatively serious, and the pollution may come from agricultural activities, manufacturing, and prevalent coastal shipping industries in these counties; (3) The heavy metal pollution levels of cultivated land with different quality levels are different. The high-quality cultivated land has no high contamination, while the medium and the general cultivated land both have high contamination. High contamination is related to Cd for medium and general cultivated lands, and to Hg in only general cultivated land; (4) The main driving factors of heavy metal concentration in cultivated soil were GDP, followed by soil organic matter, and pH. These results indicate that the spatial distribution of heavy metal concentration in cultivated soil was affected by the level of economic development, followed by the ecological environment, indicating that human activities had a critical impact on the ecological environment of cultivated land.
Microbiome of Unilateral Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Controlled Paired Analysis
Authors: Park Sang Chul , Park Il-Ho , Lee Joong Seob , Park Sung Min , Kang Sung Hun , Hong Seok-Min , Byun Soo-Hwan , Jung Yong Gi , Hong Seok Jin
Published: September 2021

The sinonasal microbiota in human upper airway may play an important role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the human upper airway microbiome in patients with unilateral CRS, and compare the sinonasal microbiome of the unilateral diseased site with that of a contralateral healthy site. Thirty samples, 15 each from the diseased and healthy sites, were collected from the middle meatus and/or anterior ethmoid region of 15 patients with unilateral CRS during endoscopic sinus surgery. DNA extraction and bacterial microbiome analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing were then performed. Corynebacterium showed the highest relative abundance, followed by Staphylococcus in samples from both the diseased and healthy sites. Further, the relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were significantly lower in samples from diseased sites than in those from healthy sites. Conversely, anaerobes, including Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, and Propionibacterium, were abundantly present in samples from both sites, more so in samples from diseased sites. However, the sites showed no significant difference with respect to richness or diversity (p > 0.05). Our results indicate that CRS might be a polymicrobial infection, and also suggest that Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus may exist as commensals on the sinus mucosal surface in the upper respiratory tract.
Loneliness among Middle-Aged and Older Middle-Aged Adults in Russia (Saint Petersburg) before and during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Strizhitskaya Olga , Petrash Marina , Murtazina Inna , Vartanyan Gayane , Shchukin Anton
Published: September 2021

Loneliness has been considered a major challenge since long before the pandemic. Changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic included modifications in social communications and activities. Thus, it was expected that loneliness would increase during the pandemic. The first studies of loneliness during the pandemic revealed inconsistent results. We hypothesized that physical isolation led to changes in the quality of relationships; thus, loneliness trends could be different from those predicted. For our study we used methods to measure loneliness: the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale (SELSA-S) for Adults and Older Adults; the Multidimensional Inventory of Loneliness Experience; and demographic data. Participants were middle-aged and older middle-aged adults (n = 457) aged 35–59 (M = 45.5, SD = 6.88, 35.4% males). Participants came from two studies: Study 1 consisted of 280 participants aged 35–59 (M = 44.8; SD = 6.93; 29.6% males), the study was conducted before the pandemic in late 2019; participants in Study 2 were adults (n = 177) aged 35–59 (M = 46.5; SD = 6.68; 44.6% males), data were collected in the fall of 2020. The results did not confirm increase in loneliness; moreover, participants reported lower scores of loneliness in some domains. Regression analyses showed that general experience of loneliness was predicted by different loneliness characteristics in pre-pandemic and pandemic age groups. We found some similar mechanisms that were activated within different situations. Our results confirmed the complex nature of loneliness, they argue that pandemic effects were not limited to increase in loneliness and that the mechanism of loneliness can adjust to environmental factors.
Facilitators and Barriers to Physical Activity and Sport Participation Experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Adults: A Mixed Method Review
Authors: Allen Bridget , Canuto Karla , Evans John Robert , Lewis Ebony , Gwynn Josephine , Radford Kylie , Delbaere Kim , Richards Justin , Lovell Nigel , Dickson Michelle , Macniven Rona
Published: September 2021

Physical activity has cultural significance and population health benefits. However, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults may experience challenges in participating in physical activity. This mixed methods systematic review aimed to synthetize existing evidence on facilitators and barriers for physical activity participation experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults in Australia. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was used. A systematic search was undertaken of 11 databases and 14 grey literature websites during 2020. The included studies reported physical activity facilitators and barriers experienced by Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander participants aged 18+ years, living in the community. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-two facilitators were identified: 23 individual, 18 interpersonal, 8 community/environmental and 13 policy/program facilitators. Additionally, 63 barriers were identified: 21 individual, 17 interpersonal, 15 community/environmental and 10 policy/program barriers. Prominent facilitators included support from family, friends, and program staff, and opportunities to connect with community or culture. Prominent barriers included a lack of transport, financial constraints, lack of time, and competing work, family or cultural commitments. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults experience multiple facilitators and barriers to physical activity participation. Strategies to increase participation should seek to enhance facilitators and address barriers, collaboratively with communities, with consideration to the local context.
The new normal: using enterprise sharing platforms
Authors: Saginova Olga Vitalievna , Tsenina Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The models and mechanisms of the distributed economy have been actively developing in the last decade. Market leaders are developing or acquiring digital platforms that provide sharing services to organizations within and beyond their business ecosystem. Enterprise awareness of distributed use opportunities and models, their motivation to use digital platforms for day-to-day operations, both within the organization’s core business and to support additional operations, remain understudied. Based on a survey of operational managers of 60 enterprises in Moscow and the Moscow region, supplemented with data from open sources and from the websites of organizations, the article analyzes the preferences for the use of sharing services by companies of various sizes and profiles.
The analysis of programs for the development of the Moscow transport system
Authors: Melnikova Anastasiya Valerievna , Tinkov Sergey Anatolievich
Published: September 2021

This article is written within the framework of the Research and Development project «Development of a unified concept of rules and methodology for a comprehensive revision of the route network of ground urban passenger transport in Moscow». The work is devoted to the analysis of the existing programs of Moscow, concerning the transport system of the city. The article considers both the earliest documents dating back to the first half of the 20th century and the most modern ones. A comparative analysis of the problems of the transport system and the ways to solve them within the framework of the considered programs is carried out.
Transformation of professional competencies of a modern specialist: the formation and development of soft skills
Authors: Arkhipova Svetlana Mikhailovna
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the issues related to the change in the educational trajectory of a modern specialist due to the need to form new professional and personal competencies. The author has studied and presented new flexible and professional skills that have become in demand in the conditions of the technological revolution and the dynamically changing business environment of the beginning of the 21st century. The author emphasizes the importance of the formation and development of manager soft skills in entrepreneurial and managerial activities.
The features of the formation of control methods in food production
Authors: Glagoleva L.E. , Zatsepilina N.P. , Galimov A.S. , Pavlova S.V.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the methods of critical control points based on the principles of HACCP at different stages of the technological process for the production of curd products for gerodietetic nutrition. At each technological stage, an assessment is determined using an action algorithm in order to correct the identified risks.
Hubungan Waktu Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi Di Desa Jembungan
Authors: Anggraeni Titik , Prihatin Tut Wuri
Published: September 2021

ASI dapat mencukupi seluruh kebutuhan bayi akan zat gizi sampai berusia 6 bulan, sesudah itu bayi memerlukan makanan tambahan. Pemberian makanan pendamping ASI harus setelah 6 bulan, karena jika diberikan terlalu dini akan menurunkan konsumsi ASI dan bayi bisa mengalami gangguan pencernaan atau diare. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis Hubungan waktu pemberian makanan tambahan dengan status gizi bayi.Jenis penelitian adalah Explanatory research dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah populasi adalah 70 dan 42 sampel. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode random sampling, Metode pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan Kendall Tau (τ) dengan program SPSS.Hasil Penelitian ini adalah (1) Waktu pemberian makanan tambahan sebagian besar ibu bayi memberikan pada usia kurang dari 6 bulan sebanyak (81,0%). (2) Status gizi bayi hasil penimbangan adalah baik sebanyak (97,6%). (3) Hasil Uji Kendall Tau (τ) tidak ada hubungan waktu pemberian makanan tambahan terhadap status gizi bayi sebesar 0,076 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,628. Simpulan : tidak ada hubungan waktu pemberian makanan tambahan terhadap status gizi bayi. Kata kunci       :  makanan tambahan; waktu pemberian; status gizi bayi THE RELATION OF TIME OF ADDITIONAL FEEDING ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF INFANTS IN JEMBUNGAN VILLAGE  ABSTRACTBreastfeeding can provide all the babies need for nutrients until they reach 6 months of age. After the babies need feeding. Additional feeding should be given after 6 months because if it is given too early will reduce the consumption of breastfeeding and the infant may experience indigestion or diarrhea. The purposes of this reseacrh was to analyze relationship of time of additional feeding on the nutritional status of infants. This is an explanatory research with cross-sectional approach. Of 70 populations, 42 were drawn as samples with random sampling method. Data collected with questioners. Data was anallized with Kendall Tau (τ). The results of this research are (1) Most mothers give additional feeding when their babies were less than 6 months of age (81,0%). (2) The nutrients status of infants were good (97,6%). (3) The result of Kendall Tau (τ) Test shows there were no relationship between time of additional feeding on the nutrients status of infants with the value of 0,076 and level of significant of 0,628. There is no relationship of time of additional feeding on infant’s nutritional status. Key Words:  additional feeding; the giving times of; infant’s nutritional status
The Effect of Different Cold Storage Period on Total Lipid Amount of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Larvae
Authors: SÖNMEZ Evrim
Published: September 2021

The ever-increasing world population indicates that it is inevitable to consider insects such as Tenebrio molitor, which are used as live food and even human food in some countries, as an alternative food source. Especially T. molitor larvae are a source of food with high nutritive value for including high lipid and protein. The main material of this study was T. molitor cultures. Flour:wheat flour (250 g: 250 g) in a ratio of 1:1 was used as food. 25 g wheat germ and 5 g dry yeast was put in it. Larvae at stages 13-15th were grouped as control and trial groups and kept for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days at specified temperatures. This study seeks answer to the question “will the insect continue to keep its lipid sources during the periods in which it is kept in the cold, or will it continue to use its energy sources since the physiological adaptations it develops are not enough?” This study evaluates the total lipid amount and percentages of T. molitor larvae stored in refrigerator for different periods. Total lipid amount and percentages of the larvae stored in the cold for 5, 10 and 15 days were found to be higher when compared with the control group. A tendency to decrease was observed in larvae kept for 20 days. As a result, it is recommended for producers not to keep in the refrigerator for more than 15 days. Otherwise, it should be considered that there may be a decrease in important energy and food sources.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO ESTADO FRENTE AOS ABUSOS SEXUAIS OCORRIDOS NO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO: UMA ANÁLISE TEÓRICA E SOCIAL DA INFLUÊNCIA DA CULTURA PATRIARCAL NO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO
Authors: DE ARAUJO SILVA THAINA , Larissa Carvalho Sarath Jhessica
Published: September 2021

The present article deals with the cases of sexual abuse that occur in public transport, resulting from the patriarchal culture rooted in society, as well as the poor performance of the State in offering a public service, without guaranteeing its quality. Based on this situation, it is analyzed how the patriarchal and sexist culture is present in society and how the State is silent on public measures and policies that are in fact effective in guaranteeing the safety of women in the public space. Thus, it is concluded that for such a scenario to be solved or at least improved, there is a greater participation of the State as an essential service provider and policies with the objective of eradicating inequality of gender. This research uses the following methodology classified as: deductive, exploratory, with a monographic research, from a qualitative perspective.
Use of Fibrous Chemosorbents for Rain Runoff Treatment from Heavy Metals
Authors:   Misin V.M., Mayorov Y.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper shows availability of the fibrous chemisorbents use for treatment of storm-rain discharges from toxic heavy metals ions. When fibrous chemisorbents were used in laboratory conditions with model diluted solutions of iron, copper, zinc, and lead the metals’ content in water phase demonstrated 8—42 times decrease. It was stated that real rain discharges treatment with fibrous chemisorbents after “Pokrov Hills” (Moscow) waste water treatment plant resulted in decrease of iron, zinc, copper, and lead content.
Waste Water Treatment in Terms of Purification from Copper with Natural and Modified Montmorillonits
Authors:   Sviridov A.V., Nikiforov A.F., Ganebnikh Y.V., Yelizarov V.A.
Published: September 2021

Regularity of heavy metal ions isolation from waste waters with modified montmorillonit hydrosoles has been studied. The agents’ sorption characteristics have been investigated. The possibility of heavy non-ferrous metal ions isolation up to the current norms of permissible discharge to water bodies has been demonstrated.
On the Issue of Development of Propeller Flowmeters Design all over the World
Authors:   Klimenko D.E.
Published: September 2021

A propeller flowmeter is the most developed and wide-spread instrument for measurement of flow velocity in rivers and canals all over the world (in spite of the active development over the recent years of instruments based upon M. Faraday induction currents or C. Doppler effect). This instrument history is more than two centuries long. The paper dwells on the main trends of the hydrometric instrument-building industry development all over the world, as well as history of appearance and development of the device in terms of its main components optimization. Analysis and comparison of currently produced propeller flowmeters have been carried out.
Quantitative Variations of ulva intestinalis Biochemical Composition Variation in the Conditions of Salty and Saltish Small Rivers of the Southern Russia
Authors:   Rozentsvet O.A., Nesterov V.N., Bogdanova Y.S.
Published: September 2021

Lipids and fatty acids content and composition variability of the samples of Ulva intestinalis algae collected from the Caspian Plain arid zone small rivers characterized by a wide range of abiotic factors (level of mineralization, temperature regime, saturation with oxygen, acidity of environment) variability have been studied. The role of lipids composition variability as a basis for the species ecological plasticity is being checked as a main hypothesis.
Problems of the Hydrosphere Engineering Protection in the Process of the Middle Urals Exhaust Mines Liquidation (the Lyovikha Mine as a Study Case)
Authors:   Rybnikova L.S., Feldman A.L., Rybnikov P.A.
Published: September 2021

Vindication of the hydrosphere engineering protection measures in the process of mines work-out and liquidation is based on monitoring and hydro/geo/migration simulation outcomes. Methods of hydrosphere pollution prevention after mines’ liquidation are reduced to localization of polluted sites and polluted waters treatment at the points of their concentrated outcome with obligatory monitoring. For the area of hydrodynamical effect of the closed Lyovikha mine (Sverdlovsk oblast) a conceptual mathematical hydrogeological model has been developed. In the condition of the information deficit the model parametric saturation was carried out in the process of solution of inverse problems for characteristic periods of hydrodynamic situation variations.
Closed Loop Systems as a Main Direction of Industrial Water Sector Development
Authors:   Aksyonov V.I., Nichkova I.I., Nikulin V.A., Petsura S.S., Linnikov O.D.
Published: September 2021

A brief overview of water use closed loop systems development in national and foreign industry is presented. Examples of technological schemes for industrial waste waters treatment in closed loop systems are given. Their structure has been analyzed and characteristic of the components has been given.
On the Issue of Water/economic Balances and Water Resources Abstraction Limits Calculation
Authors:   Voznyak A.A.
Published: September 2021

Analysis of methodic recommendation on calculation of the relationships and characteristics has been given on the basis of experience in calculation of water/economic balances and water resources abstraction limits, as well as waste water discharge limits for water/economic parts of the Kama River basin within the frameworks of the Scheme of Water Resources Integrated Use and Protection (SWRIUP) development. Some clarification of the above methods has been proposed.
On the Necessity of Natural Touristic Resources Cost Assessment and Methods of this Assessment for Water Bodies
Authors:   L’vov A.S.
Published: September 2021

Significance and urgency of the tourism branch development as a sector of economy have been substantiated as well as the necessity of determination of ecosystem services cost and including of the latter in the integrated cost assessment of a natural body. Some examples of introduction of payment foe ecosystem services at the global level are given. Review of UN Program documents “Ecosystem Assessment on the Eve of Millennium” is made and the conclusion on the necessity of the assessment of overall value of a natural body including the cost of all its resources and ecosystem services is formulated. An example of a surface water body as a touristic natural resource and a set of ecosystem services offered for integrated cost assessment on the basis of the concept of overall economic value is considered.
Assessment of Potential Floods Hazard at the Severnaya Dvina Basin Rivers
Authors:   Terskiy P.N.
Published: September 2021

The paper considers genetic prerequisites of inundation formation at the Severnaya Dvina basin rivers, features of maximal water levels formation and regime, their links with valleys’ and river catchments’ characteristics. Assessment of potential flood hazard for floodplain territories is given. Possibility of river valleys flooding study with GIS-technologies has been considered.
Natural and Anthropogenic Alterations of the Argun River Channel (from the Standpoint of its Border Position)
Authors:   Zavadskiy A.S., Zima Y.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper gives outcomes of the analysis of channel reformations that occurred within the Argun River border reach during the second half of ХХ – early ХХI century; negative consequences associated with the state border position change have been noted, the role of the main anthropogenic factors that influence the channel natural regime has been assessed.
Application of Ecomag (Ecological Model For Applied Geophysics) For Modeling The Flow From River Basins With Different Catchment Areas
Authors:   Antokhina E.N., Zhuk V.A.
Published: September 2021

The research of flow modeling efficiency on the base of ECOMAG (ECOlogical Model for Applied Geophysics, author Y. Motovilov, Russia) from river basins with different catchment areas from 300 to 100 000 km² in the Oka River basin is presented. Calculations of the flow were carried out with the use of 2 digital terrain models with scales 2x2 km and 50x50 m. Satisfactory results were obtained for all basins. The main conditions for successful modeling of the flow from small catchment areas were detected.
The Use of Chemically Precipitated Lead Sulfide Thin Films as a Material for Sensors Meant for Lead Content in Water Media Control
Authors:   Katysheva A.S., Markov V.F., Zarubin I.V., Maskayeva L.N., Nikiforov А.F.
Published: September 2021

Surface-sensitive properties of the sensor elements based on semiconductor thin fills of lead sulfide have been studied in order to use them as primary converter for ecological/analytical control of water media. Distinctive feater of the novel sensor elements is their high sensitivity and selectivity that five and more times exceeds similar properties of commercial ion-selective electrodes.
Regularities of Oil-containing Waste Water Sorption Treatment
Authors:   Voronina O.S., Nikiforov А.F., Sviridov V.V., Sviridov A.V.
Published: September 2021

Commercial emulsion stability factors with the use of electrolyte and non-ionogenic surface-active substances have been studied. It has been stated hat electrostatic factor is the main stability factor of this kind of systems. Efficiency of commercial emulsions separation methods with the use of different types of sorbents has been investigated. High efficiency of nano-dispersed sorbents use in the processes of oil-containing waste waters treatment and for water quality restoration in water bodies has been demonstrated.
HR Knowledge Disclosure by Leading Banks: Cases from KSA
Authors: Pandy Bharti , Rao Priya
Published: September 2021

The backbone of any economy relies on the performance of its banking industry. Besides financial capital, human resources (HR) capital plays a significant role in the sustainability of this industry. For the existence and effectiveness, the financial sector makes extensive use of human capital (Kamath, 2007). Like financial reports, human capital reporting indicates the health of any organisation. The stakeholders, around the globe, recently started showing keen interest in monitoring the effectiveness of HR. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), holding 27% of the GCC total banking assets (FitzHerbert, 2020), is no exception to disclosing HRrelated information in the annual reports of its banks. The banking regulatory system of KSA is almost at par with the international standards laid down concerning banking supervision. KSA's banking industry is unique as it is considered to be the leader of the Islamic world where all banks must adhere to the Sharia banking law (Kamali, 2000). The regulatory authority of the KSA banking industry, the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA), annually reported its HR information related to training and development, employee fairness, incentives, diversity and inclusion of female employees and people with determination. By setting an example, SAMA encourages commercial banks to follow good practices to disclose HR information in their annual reports. Though not enforced by the regulatory authority, the KSA banks recently started to disclose HR information in their annual reports.

Keywords: Human resources, disclosure, HR information, Saudi Banks
The Depiction of Asian Tattoos in Popular Culture and the Mainstream media.
Authors: Jumpo Sonny Anak , Bebit Mohammad Puad bin
Published: September 2021

Tattoos add a perceived aesthetic value to the body of the wearer. In instances where tattoos are worn – by choice – to enhance the outer appearance of the wearer, they are a vivid expression of artistic freedom, individualism and even a mark of belonging. For the same reasons that their appearance becomes conspicuous, tattoo wearers are vulnerable to receive negative first impressions. Tattoos are broadly divided into three types: those that are of tribal origins, those that are linked with criminal communities, and those that are forcefully given to mark prisoners or given as punishment. In the main stream media, the tattoos shown are often worn by antagonists or characters of a criminal nature. Recognizable Asian tattoos range from Japanese Horimono to Borneo tribal tattoos. A well-known example of tribal tattoo are the ones worn by Borneo Ibans. This paper will explain the importance of semiotics studies by looking at the cultural value of a particular tribal tattoo. The bunga terung is an Iban tattoo that a man will get when he goes for bejalai, a journey comparable to a walkabout. The theory of semiotics and representation by Charles Sanders Peirce will cover the knowledge process towards understanding the bunga terung. This research will enable us to differentiate between a tattoo that represents a particular indigenous community and a tattoo that represents a criminal one.

Keywords: Bunga Terung, Gang Tattoo, Tribal Tattoo, Cultural Identity, Iban Tattoo.