bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADAMS-Based Simulation Study on Lateral Stability of Counterbalanced Forklift Trucks
Authors: Xia Guang , Tang Xi Wen , Hu Jin Fang , Liu Zong Qi
Published: November 2013

In view of complicated driving conditions, tough working environments and frequent rollovers of forklift trucks, this paper, based on the ADAMS software, builds the kinetic model of counterbalanced forklift trucks to perform simulation study on the lateral stability under zero load and full load, analyzes factors affecting the lateral; stability of forklift trucks and concludes the yaw velocity range of forklift trucks when forklift trucks are at the near-rollover moment, which provides references for enhanced control over lateral stability of counterbalanced forklift trucks.
SIP: Smart Insulin Pump
Authors: Faraji Ali , Kasiri Mina
Published: November 2013

Diabetes, due to its growing prevalence and heavy medical costs and complications has become one of the major focuses of healthcare professionals in developed countries. The acceleration of diabetes prevalence in developing countries such as Iran is so fast and by absence of health insurances protection, many families are faced with serious problems. Manufacturing an insulin pump, which is the ultimate solution for diabetes in the world, can be very beneficial. There is only one model of insulin pump available in the country with a high price that very few patients can afford its expenses and learn how to use it. The production and localization of these devises can help a significant number of patients to use this vital device and besides enhancing their quality of life, the heavy costs of diabetes complications will be reduced to a great extent. By making use of interaction design strategy, this research is the result of a project which targeted to find the most effective ways for controlling blood sugar and at the same time to pleasant the user experience with improving performance, interaction and aesthetics features based on needs of the Iranian user. Established upon the extensive library and field researches and several evaluations, the design criteria for the best answer to this problem are proposed.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Absorbing Property of Cement-Based Material Blending with Silica Fume and Culver Zed Fuel Ash
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhang Yong , Chen Rong Jun
Published: November 2013

The absorbing performance have been tested and analyzed by taking cement as matrix, blending material silica fume and culver zed fuel ash for absorbing agent trial Sample, in the 8 ~ 18 GHz frequency band, the results indicate that silica fume and culver zed fly ash and composite cement which made of Absorbing material has good absorbing property. Blending material absorbing properties of cement-based materials, the impact must be considered together, not the more the better, when blending material exceeding a certain threshold, its ability of wave-transparent enhance while absorbing property will be reduced Finally. By using ANSYS software for computer simulation of the specimen to test experimental data and found the computer simulation algorithm not only can verify the correctness of the conclusion but also auxiliary correction deviation appeared in the course of the real data and the error value.
Study on a New Evaluation Method of the Use Condition of Water Flooding
Authors: Yang Jing , Yu Hong Yu , He Jin Gang , Shu Sheng Jian , Yang Kun
Published: November 2013

The evaluation of use condition mostly depends on the test data, but lacking of data points or being limited by the accuracy of measurement at present. In order to solve this problem, this article studies on a new evaluation method of the use condition of water flooding, which based on the relationship between cumulative injection pore volume multiple and the water saturation. Firstly, using the data of water absorption, dynamic data, static data, and the development conditions to split injected water into small layers, and then distribute the liquid volume to the well based on the similar principle of water and electricity. Refer to standard of water level, determines the normalization and the limit of cumulative injection pore volume multiple. After the normalization of cumulative injection pore volume multiple as criteria of the evaluation of oil layers use condition. This method has been applied in A Block of Daqing Oilfield and the results are in good agreement with the results of interpret of well logging.
Experimental Study on the Treatment of Sewage by Soil
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui , Zhang Yong , Huang Chong Hao
Published: November 2013

The bath static experiments were conducted to study the sewage treatment effects by the typical yellow-brown soil of Xuzhou, the results obtained in this study showed that: The COD removal rate was about 50% or so through experimental treatment. The three days dynamic and intermittent soil column experiments show that: The COD removal rate was more than 80% by the simulated soil column experiments; the dynamic intermittent and soil column experiment both show that soil thickness influence the effect of phosphorus removal, the thicker layers, the better removal rate; the effective depth of NH4-N removal is deeper than 15cm.
Restrained Shrinkage Ring Test on Polymer Fibres Treated in Cold Plasma Discharge
Authors: Kopkáně Daniel , Bodnárová Lenka , Hela Rudolf
Published: November 2013

The paper refers to utilization of low temperature plasma discharge in air on polypropylene fibres. Such fibres have been tested in concrete as reinforcement. The effect has been tested by restrain ring test. The experiment proved positive correlation between time of exposure and cracks suppression. The effect is considered as improved cohesion of polymer fibres with cement matrix.
The Analysis and Research of Hedge Trimmer Robotics about Manipulator Kinematics
Authors: Liu Song , Guo Hui , Yang Wan Zhang
Published: November 2013

According to the analysis theory of the four freedom degree about the robots mechanical arm, in this paper established the four freedom degree of the mechanical arm forward and inverse kinematics equation, which was based on the coordinate system, giving the relationship of the spatial location and gesture between movement member and end executor. Besides, it could solve its Jacobian matrix, and provide theoretical basis to achieve the velocity control program on the end of mechanical arm in Cartesian space. The application of ADAMS had carried out the simulation, analysed the location and movement relations among the mechanical structure, which provided significant data for the actual hedge trimming operation.
Nonlinear Control of an Inverted Pendulum on a Cart by a Single Control Law
Authors: Özbey Aydın , Uzal Erol , Yildiz Hüseyin
Published: November 2013

Stabilization at the top vertical position of an inverted pendulum on a cart, while bringing the cart to a desired position, by applying a force to the cart is considered. This is an underactuated mechanical system for which the main nonlinear control scheme, feedback linearization, fails. A single control law producing the force on the cart using cart velocity, and position and velocity of the pendulum is developed and shown, by numerical experiments, to asymptotically stabilize the pendulum at the top position while bringing the cart to its origin, although no attemp is made for a proof of global stability.
Panoramic Image System Design in the Nearly Dark Environment
Authors: Chen Geng , Li Qing , Zhang Hao
Published: November 2013

Aiming at the need of borehole and ruins exploration in the nearly dark environment, a Panoramic Image System is proposed in this paper. consisting of a reciprocating motor, a steering gear with complete rotation, a miniature camera, a depth transducer and radio frequency wireless module. The camera was pushed to the specified location of the pipe by the motor and then the steering gear was rotated for panorama image acquisition. In order to achieve a seamless panoramic image without distortion, a fusion algorithm based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and an image mosaic algorithm for image edge extracting based on Canny operator were proposed. The imaging system has good usability and applicability.
Effects of Sufentanil Postconditioning on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats In Vivo
Authors: Gao Da Peng , Zhao Guo Qing , Wang Jia , Gao Ming
Published: November 2013

Objective.To investigates the effects of sufentanil post conditioning on Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats in vivo.Methods.To randomly divide 40 male SD rats equally into 4 groups, including Sham group, ischemia-reperfusion group (Group I/R ), ischemic post conditioning group (Group IPO) and sufentanil post conditioning group (Group SUF). The left anterior descending coronary arterys (LAD) of rats in 4 groups are ligated for 30 minutes and are re-perfused for 120 mins. To measure the myocardial infarction size (IS/AAR%) with double-staining with Even's blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride, to calculate the concentration of cTnI, and to observe the HE staining and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.Result. Comparing with Group 1/R, the myocardial infarction size (IS/AAR%), and the concentration of cTnI in Group IPO and SUF all reduced significantly. Comparing with Group 1/R, cell morphological observation shows less change in pathology. And the expression of Bcl-2 increases and expression of Bax decreases in Group IPO and SUF than that in Group 1/R.Conclusion. Sufentanil post conditioning has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in vivo.
The Effect of Adventure Education Activities on Life Effectiveness in High School Student
Authors: Li Hao Lun , Lin Shu Cheng , Chen Ho Cheng , Hong Wei Chin , Huang Wei Lun , Ma Tian Min , Lin Shu Wang , Chou Pai Rou
Published: November 2013

Purpose: the purpose of this study was to investigate adventure education activities on life effectiveness in high school student. Method: 69 Tainan high school students in Taiwan as this research subjects. Subjects were divided into experimental group (n=33) and control group (n=36). Experimental group were implemented the exploration educational activities courses for 8 hours within 4 weeks and control group had no received explore educational activities course. After the course, questionnaire of life effectiveness were used to find their difference. Statistics: Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software for Windows 20.0. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used as the statistical method at a significance level (α) of .05. Through statistical analysis and comparison, the results were obtained as below: Experimental group has more positive in time management and emotional control than control group. This research proves that through adventure educational activities can improve students life efficiency effectively.
Biphasic Leaching Operation for the GMDC Polymetallic Bulk Concentrate
Authors: Patel Bhargav C. , Tipre Devyani R. , Dave Shailesh R.
Published: November 2013

A biphasic leaching operation was employed for the extraction of copper and zinc from the GMDC polymetallic bulk concentrate (PBC). Biogenerated ferric was used in cyclic manner for fed batch metal extractions from the PBC for four cycles under the pre-optimized conditions. Zn extraction was gradually decreased with each succeeding fed-batch cycle and it resulted in 67.89, 62.46, 47.37 and 14.74% of Zn extraction in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycle respectively. In case of copper the extraction pattern was 86.63, 81.98, 75.58 and 46.51% Cu extraction in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycle respectively. The leachate generated in each cycle was added in 15.0 L down flow packed bed column reactor having biofilm of developed consortium SR-BH-L for the ferrous bioregeneration and the obtained maximum IOR was 2650 mg/L/h. Overall results indicated that use of bioregenerated ferric iron from the leachate yielded as high as 52.2 and 2.6 g/L Zn and Cu respectively in the solution at the end of 4th cycle. This metal concentration in the leachate is quite acceptable for economical solvent extraction process.
Electro-Crystallization of Antimony from Acidic and Alkaline Baths in Diaphragm-Less Cell
Authors: Sarangi Chinmaya Kumar , Baral Ayonbala , Panigrahi Jayasmita , Sanjay Kali , Subbaiah Tondepu , Mishra Barada Kanta
Published: November 2013

Studies based on electrocrystallization of antimony were carried out to evaluate the effects of current density and antimony concentration in the electrolytic bath on cathodic current efficiency, energy consumption, and quality of the deposits during electrowinning of antimony from Sb2O3-HCl and Sb2S3-NaOH systems. In acidic bath, current efficiency for electrodeposition of antimony increases with the increase in current density till 150 A/m2, beyond which it follows a trend of gradual diminution. On varying antimony concentration in the bath, current efficiency was found to improve significantly and the optimum antimony concentration in Sb2O3-HCl system was evaluated to be about 60 g/L. In alkaline bath, current efficiency was observed to be maximum at 50 A/m2and further, with the increase in current density it progressively decreases. However, energy consumption for electrowinning of antimony in both of the baths gradually increases with the increase in current density. At a current density less than 150 A/m2, alkaline bath was found to be more current efficient in comparison to the acidic bath. Crystallographic studies by XRD, imaging by optical microscopic technique and morphological studies by SEM were also carried out to differentiate antimony deposits obtained from acidic and alkaline baths.
Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane Incorporated with Thermodynamically Stable Nano-Palladium for Hydrogen Separation
Authors: Mohd Suhaimi Hani Shazwani , Peng Leo Choe , Latif Ahmad Abdul
Published: November 2013

Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles offer excellent hydrogen affinity in mixed matrix membrane for gas separation. In order to avoid aggregation, Pd nanoparticles have to be stabilized before blending into polymer matrix. Pd nanoparticles can be thermodynamically stabilized and dispersed using electrostatic and/ or steric forces of a stabilizer which is typically introduced during the formation of Pd nanoparticles in the inversed microemulsion. Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium hydroxide in ethylene glycol exhibited good effect on particles passivation. However, the effects of these stabilizers on membrane morphology and separation performance were unknown. The aim of this work is to incorporate polymer-stabilized Pd nanoparticles into Polysulfone (PSf) membranes for hydrogen separation. The microstructure of Pd nanoparticles was first analyzed by TEM. Phase inversion method was then adopted for the preparation of asymmetric PSf/nanoPd MMMs. The separation performance of MMMs was investigated by using nitrogen and hydrogen as test gases and the membrane characteristics were further studied using SEM and FTIR. The highest permeability for H2 was 255.82 GPU with selectivity of 6.89. The results suggested that PEG provides good contact between nanoparticles and the polymer. TEM and FTIR results revealed that these stabilizers have significant effects on the synthesized Pd nanoparticles size. Also, SEM results showed that the MMMs incorporated with thermodynamically nanoPd in PEG achieved satisfactory asymmetric structure which explains the good performance in gas separation.
MOCVD-Grown Indium Phosphide Nanowires for Optoelectronics
Authors: Suriati Paiman , Qiang Gao , Hannah Joyce , Hark Hoe Tan , Chennupati Jagadish , Yong Kim , Yanan Guo , Kuranananda Pemasiri , Mohammad Montazeri , Howard Jackson , Leigh Smith
Published: November 2013

We demonstrate how growth parameters may be adopted to produce morphologically controlled high-quality indium phosphide (InP) nanowires suitable for optoelectronic device applications. Growth temperature, V/III ratio, and catalyst particle size have a significant effect on the morphology, crystallographic quality, and optical properties of the resulting nanowires. Significantly, we find that higher growth temperatures or higher V/III ratios promote the formation of wurtzite (WZ) nanowires while zinc-blende (ZB) nanowires are favourable at lower growth temperatures and lower V/III ratios. Results also show that InP nanowires grow preferably in the WZ crystal structure than the ZB crystal structure with increasing V/III ratio or decreasing diameter. This causes a blue-shift in the bandgap as growth temperature increases. These results show that careful control of growth temperature, V/III ratio and catalyst size are crucial for obtaining InP nanowires of a specific crystal structure needed for device applications.
Prediction of Nanostructured ZnO Thin Film Properties Based on Neural Network
Authors: Sabri Norlina M. , Md Sin Nor Diyana , Puteh Mazidah , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2013

An approach in the prediction of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films properties based on neural network is presented in this paper. The research had been focused on the electrical properties of ZnO. The sputtering power, substrate temperature, deposition time and oxygen ratio were selected as the input variables while the resistivity and conductivity were selected as the output. The numerical results obtained through the neural network model were compared with the experimental results. The result obtained from the system model of the proposed procedure was reasonably good and promising. Therefore, the prediction based on neural network model is a reliable approach compared to the traditional method of trial-and-error process.
Electrical Characterization of Metal Insulator Semiconductor Using ZnO Low Deposition Temperature as Semiconductor Layer
Authors: Ismail Lyly Nyl , Harun Saifullah Ali , Zulkefle Habibah , Herman Sukreen Hana , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2013

We report on the influence of the low deposition temperature of ZnO as semiconductor layer on the electrical characteristics of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures. The ZnO films were deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with variation of temperature from 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, 100°C and 120°C. PMMA were used as insulator layer in the MIS structures. It is found that the ZnO films grown at 120°C has better crystallinity compared to other temperature. I-V characteristics results shown that the different deposition temperature of ZnO films affect the performance of MIS.
Effect of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on the Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites
Authors: Aziz Azira Abd. , Dayang A.I.H. Habibah , Suriani Abu Bakar , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2013

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were used to prepare epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) nanocomposites. Our attempt to achieve nanostructures in MWNTs/ENR nanocomposites were formed by incorporating carbon nanotubes in a polymeric solution. Using this technique, nanotubes can be dispersed homogeneously in the ENR matrix with an attempt to increase the mechanical properties of these nanocomposites. The properties of the nanocomposites such as volume resistivity, tensile strength and tensile modulus were studied. Mechanical test results show an increase in the initial modulus for up to 14 times in relation to pure ENR. In addition to mechanical testing, the dispersion state of the MWNTs into ENR was studied by field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) in order to understand the morphology of the resulting system. According to the present study, application of the physical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes to ENR can result in rubber products which have improved mechanical, physical and chemical properties.
Antioxidant Properties of Selected Malaysian Herbal Plant: A Review
Authors: Nadzirah Abu Samah , Rusop Mahmood , Noriham Abdullah
Published: November 2013

Malaysian is among the most diverse plant resource country in the world especially with its richesnest flora and fauna. It has about 12,000 species of flowering plants of which about 1,300 species were said to be medicinal plant and have been investigated for their therapeutic potential. Spies have been known to be a valuable source of bioactive compound which are being used to treat various diseases and improved health for a thousand years ago. The beneficial health effects of medicinal plants come from polyphenols group which is often attributed to their potent antioxidant activities. This paper reviews the antioxidant potential of selected plants from Malaysia as Persicaria hydropiper, Cosmos caudatus and Melicopeptelefolia based on reported from several researchers.
Influence of Iodine Doping on the Properties of Amorphous Carbon Thin Films Deposited from Camphoric Carbon Precursor
Authors: Dayana K. , Fadzilah A.N. , Ishak A. , Siran Yosri M. , Rejab Syahril Anuar M. , Asis Ahmad Jaril , Tahirruddin Syawaluddin , Rusop M.
Published: November 2013

odine incorporation to amorphous carbon (a-C) thin films offers many advantages and a full understanding of the properties of iodine doped amorphous carbon (a-C:I) thin films which is necessary for applications like optoelectronics devices and photovoltaic solar cells. Iodine doped amorphous carbon thin films have been doped by thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique at different amount of iodine. The effects of iodine amount on the properties of a-C:I thin films have been investigated using standard measurement techniques and discussed. FESEM studies have been performed on the doped films for the surface morphology studies. Raman studies have been carried out on the doped samples for the chemical bonding of carbon atoms. The sp2 and sp3 contents have found to be dependent on the amount of iodine. For evaluation of the electrical and optical properties of the doped films, the current-voltage (I-V) measurement and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy have been performed on the a-C:I thin films. It has been observed that the a-C:I thin films doped with 1g has higher electrical conductivity and lowest optical band gap.
Sensing Characteristics of PVA-ZnO/SnO2 Nanocube Humidity Sensor Prepared by Sol-Gel Immersion Technique
Authors: Md Sin Nor Diyana , Mamat M.H. , Rusop M.
Published: November 2013

The effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) loading in ZnO/SnO2 sol-gel immersion method were investigated. The sensor characteristic of in ZnO/SnO2 nanocube was also been tested. The images of sample were carrying out by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) (JEOL JSM 6700F). The optical properties were characterized using photoluminescent (PL). The thin films were characterized using two point current-voltage (I-V) measurement (Keithley 2400) for electrical properties. The sensor was characterized using I-V measurement in a humidity chamber (ESPEC SH-261) and the chamber has been set at room temperature at 25°C relative humidity (RH %) is varied in the range of 40% to 90 %RH. The FESEM indicate the agglomeration and porous increase as the insertion of PVA into in ZnO/SnO2 nanocube (PVA-ZnO/SnO2 nanocube) compare with the as prepared in ZnO/SnO2 nanocube. PL measurement of PVA-ZnO/SnO2 nanocube describe blue shift behaviour after mixed the PVA. The sensitivity of the sensor of PVA-ZnO/SnO2 nanocube and ZnO/SnO2 nanocube were ratio of current 3.24 times and 12.7 times. While the response and recovery times of PVA-ZnO/SnO2 nanocube higher response and recovery times as compare with ZnO/SnO2 nanocube.
Surface Morphology and Optical Properties of ZnO Films Synthesis Using Different Solvent
Authors: Kamaruddin Sharul Ashikin , Sahdan Mohd Zainizan , Chan Kah Yoong , Mohd Tawil Siti Nooraya , Nafarizal Nayan , Saim Hashim
Published: November 2013

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising electronic material for a variety of large area electronic applications including thin-film sensors, transistors, and solar cells. Various techniques have been focused and explored to synthesize ZnO films. In this study, sol-gel process was adopted as the fabrications process to grow the ZnO films. Three different types of solvents were used including ethanol, isopropanol and ethylene glycol as the reaction medium in the ZnO solution. The correlation between different solvents used and the properties of the ZnO films was explored and observed. The surface morphologies, structural and optical properties were examined using field émission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Through the observation from FESEM results, the surface morphology changed when different solvents were used. The crystallographic structures of the ZnO films demonstrate high crystallinity, and the extracted crystallite size is around 30 nm. Furthermore, ZnO films synthesized using isopropanol and ethylene glycol exhibit high transmittance spectra greater than 80% in the visible region. In general, the experimental results revealed that different solvents in the sol-gel process exert influences on the properties of the ZnO films.
Fabrication and Characterization of IDE Based Sensor through Conventional Lithography Method
Authors: Prasad R. Haarindra , Hashim U. , Foo K.L. , Adam Tijjani , Shafiq Mohd
Published: November 2013

This paper mainly illustrate regarding the fabrication process of IDE based sensor for bio-molecular detection process. Material that is utilized in this process is zinc oxide due to bio-compability and elevated electrical characteristic. IDE mask is designed by using auto-cad software which tailors for detection of bio substance which is extremely small scale in size. Zinc Oxide material is also used due to presented of nanostructure that can be synthesized through hydrothermal route. Zinc oxide solution is prepared by series of sol-gel process and is coated on the SiO substrate which acts as insulator layer during the lithography process. IDE mask is patterned transfer on sample by using conventional lithography process which the parameters are critically adjusted to ensure that the pattern transfer process occur with minimal defects. The fabricated sensor will be further validated through electrical and morphological characteristic. Capacitance test and impedance test is taken with various pH solution to observe the response of the sensor with different pH values. Keywords: IDE sensor, bio-compability, Zinc Oxide, auto-cad software, sol-gel, SiO substrate, hydrothermal route
Preparation of LaPO4 with Different Morphologies and Fluorescence Properties by Sol-Gel Spin-Coating Method
Authors: Zainurul A.Z. , Asiah Mohd Nor , Rosmani C.H. , Husairi F.S. , Rusop Mohamad , Abdullah Saifollah
Published: November 2013

Lanthanum Phosphate (LaPO4) nanostructures thin films have been successfully synthesized by sol-gel spin coating technique from lanthanum nitrate and ammonium phosphate in ammonia solution. The procedure starting with formation of homogenous and transparent solution followed with annealing to form the LaPO4 nanostructures thin films. The films were annealed at different temperature to study its effect to the surface morphology and optical properties of the films. The phosphate particles are having near-spherical to rod-like nanostructures with an average size about 15 nm. The morphology is retained even the annealing temperature is increased. Furthermore, photoluminescence (PL) characterization of LaPO4 also was reported. The effect of annealing temperature was discussing detail. The intensity as well as optical brightness is highly dependent on anneal temperature. Fourier transform infra red spectra of films obtained are similar to the previous synthesis of phosphate. Thus, confirmed the formation of LaPO4 on the glass substrate.
Effects of Annealling Treatment on the Properties of TiO2/ZnO Thin Film Prepared by Simultaneous RF-Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Hanapiah , Mamat Mohamad Hafiz , Mahmood Mohammad Rusop
Published: November 2013

In this work, TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite films were prepared by simultaneous RF-magnetron sputtering of ZnO and TiO2targets. The influences of annealing temperature on the properties of the TiO2/ZnO films were investigated. The crystal structure of the deposited TiO2/ZnO films was hexagonal wurtzite at (002) and (101) peaks and the films were highly oriented along the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum reveals the appearance of two emission peaks from the deposited film that are centred at 384 and 591 nm. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of TiO2/ZnO films were strongly dependent on the annealing temperature. With increasing of the annealing temperature, the optical properties (i.e., UV, transmittance, energy band-gap and crystalline quality) were also improved. However, when the annealing is relatively high (≥ 500° C), the intensity of the optical properties and crystalline quality slightly decreases. The annealing temperature of (≥ 500° C) becoming the threshold temperature limits for the TiO2/ZnO film. The results obtained herein suggest that selecting the appropriate annealing temperature become a key factor for tuning the most desired properties from the as-prepared TiO2/ZnO thin films.
Preparation and Characterization of Needle-Like ZnO on TiO2 Nanoparticles by Solution-Immersion Method and RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Asib N.A.M. , Aziz Aadila , Afaah A.N. , Rusop Mohamad , Khusaimi Zuraida
Published: November 2013

Needle-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures was deposited on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles by solution-immersion method and Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with diffferent RF powers, respectively on a glass substrate to synthesis nanocomposites of ZnO/TiO2. Field Emission Scanning Electrons Microscope (FESEM) images demonstrate that needle-like ZnO (112-1110 nm) are deposited on the surface of the TiO2nanoparticles with the diameter of approximately 36.3-62.9 nm. At 200 W, more needle-like ZnO with smallest average diameter (112 nm) appeared on the TiO2nanoparticles, which also has the smallest average size of 36.3 nm The compositions of elements in the nanocomposites were showed by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX). All elements of Ti, O, and Zn are observed as major components which confirm the presence of TiO2and ZnO in the composite. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of the nanocomposites show ZnO formed on TiO2nanoparticles are hexagonal with a wurtzite structure and it revealed ZnO/TiO2thin films were succesfully deposited as nanocomposites of ZnTiO3at 100 W,Zn2TiO4at 150 W and Zn2Ti3O8at 200 W and above.
The Influence of Allium sativum or Cinnamomum verum on Cow- and Camel-Milk Yogurts: Proteolytic and Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Shori Amal Bakr , Baba Ahmad Salihin
Published: November 2013

Yogurt is a nutritious dairy product, has established probiotics effects and may even be therapeutic for certain health conditions. Proteolytic activity of starter cultures during milk fermentation can be generating peptides with angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-I; EC. 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity. Effects of presence ofAllium sativumorCinnamomum verumon these peptides in yogurt were investigated. Two types of milk (cow and camel) were incubated (41°C) with starter culture in the presence ofA. sativumorC. verumwater extract until pH of yogurt was reduced to 4.5. The resulting herbal-yogurts were evaluated with respect to changes ofin vitroACE-I inhibitory activity and proteolytic activity during 21 days of storage. In the present study, the extent of proteolysis was higher (p<0.05) in presence ofA. sativumthan presence ofC. verumduring storage with cow milk yogurt being more susceptible than camel-milk yogurt. The presence ofA. sativumorC. verumincreased ACE-I inhibitory activity more in cow-than camel-milk yogurt during storage. All herbal-yogurts showed the highest inhibitory activity of ACE-I (40%- 70%) on day 7 of storage. Prolonged storage of both types of yogurt to more two weeks decreased ACE-I inhibition activity (37% - 50%; p<0.05). In conclusion,A. sativumandC. verumcan enhance yogurt functional properties with potential therapeutic values for hypertension.
Effect of Iodine Concentration in MWCNTs for MEH-PPV Based Organic Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Mohamad Saad Puteri Sarah , Zahid Fazlinashatul Suhaidah , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2013

In general, Iodine doping concentration can affect the conductivity of the CNTs and explicitly the efficiency of organic solar cells. Iodine is a p-type dopant and when doped into MWCNTs it form an electron acceptor in the form of (I3)- or (I5)-. Therefore, electron transfer from Iodine to MWCNTs can generate free hole carriers. This free hole carriers is then collected by the electrodes. However, the generated free carriers depend on the concentration Iodine being used. It can be seen that as the concentration of Iodine increase from undope, 40 mg, 60 mg and 1 g, the I-MWCNTs are well dispersed in the polymer matrix. The results obtained reveal that the films are smooth as the concentration of Iodine increased. This shows that the agglomerations of the CNTs are less when there is more Iodine being doped with the CNTs. It can also be observed that as the Iodine concentration increased the film thickness decreased. In this work, the possibility to get efficiency with thickness of less than 60 nm is proved and the obtained efficiency with thickness about 51 nm at 1 g Iodine doping has been recorded with 8.01 x 10-4 %.
Preparation and Characterizations Cotton Coated Titanium Dioxide, TiO2
Authors: Maarof S.K.M. , Suhaida Wahab , Achoi M.F. , Rusop Mohamad , Abdullah Saifollah
Published: November 2013

Cotton coated titanium dioxide, TiO2 was prepared by using immersion method. Three samples with different concentration which are 0.2 M, 0.5 M and 0.6 M of TiO2 solution with fixed value of temperature and time immersion has been used in this project. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet/Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometer have been used to determine the properties of samples. The surface morphology of the cotton, crystalline phase of TiO2 particles deposited on the cotton fiber and the amount of the TiO2 particles dispersed in the water has been investigated. The existence of TiO2 on the cotton fiber was identified by using SEM and XRD where the immersion method that has been used in this project contributed to the agglomerated TiO2 particles on the surface of cotton fiber. None of the samples showed the formation of anatase crystalline phase of TiO2 particle and UV-Vis showed the released of TiO2 in the water was higher in the first immersion and decreased exponentially for the second, third and fourth immersion.
Effects of Oxygen Gas Composition on Nanocolumnar Zinc Oxide Properties Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Ameera N. , Shuhaimi A. , Najwa S. , Hakim K.M. , Mazwan M. , Sobri M. , Mamat M.H. , Musa M.Z. , Rusop M.
Published: November 2013

Nanocolumnar ZnO was successfully deposited on glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering. It was performed with a ZnO target with 99.999% purity at RF power of 200 W. The growth temperature was specified at 500°C, with total deposition time of 1 hour. The effects of oxygen gas composition during sputtering process was investigated. Argon to oxygen ratio was varied at Ar10:Ox5, Ar8:Ox7 and Ar5:x10 sccm. Optical characterization on samples indicated that the transmittance though visible range is higher than 80%. Based on morphological property obtained, higher oxygen content exhibited better uniformity and surface roughness. This is due to the reduction of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO layer.
Adsorption of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution by Biomass: Comparison of Solid Pineapple Waste, Sugarcane Bagasse and Activated Carbon
Authors: Rosmi M.S. , Azhari S. , Ahmad R.
Published: November 2013

The use of low-cost adsorbent derived from agricultural waste has been investigated for the removal of Cd (II) from aqueous solution. This research reports the feasibility of using solid pineapple waste (SPW), sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and activated carbon (AC) derived from palm kernel for the removal of Cd (II) under different experimental conditions. Batch experiments were carried out at various pH (3-12), adsorbent dosage (0.01-2 g) and contact time (15-150 min). The maximum Cd (II) removal was shown by SPW (90%) followed by SCB (55%) and AC (30%) at pH 7 with a contact time of 120 min, adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g and at 1.0 ppm of the initial concentration of Cd (II) solution. The kinetics study shows that the adsorption process fitted the pseudo-second-order-model. The experimental data was analysed by both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. It was found that the Langmuir model appears to well fit the isotherm. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir for SPW, SBC and AC were 0.3332 mg/g, 0.1865 mg/g and 0.1576 mg/g respectively. The order of Cd (II) removal by the adsorbents was SPW>SCB>AC. Thus, SPW may be an alternative adsorbent for the removal of Cd (II) ions form aqueous solution. The characterization of the SPW, SCB and AC were also carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Nitrogen Gas Adsorption Single Point Surface Area Analyzer (BET).
Structural and Conductivity Changes of Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Films by Spin Coating Technique
Authors: Sahdan Mohd Zainizan , Mohamad Zaharah , Che Ani Norhidayah , Mohd Tawil Siti Nooraya
Published: November 2013

Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films can be obtained by spin coating deposition technique. In this work, the effects of aluminum (Al) doping on the nanostructured ZnO films were investigated. The structural changes of ZnO films doped with Al ranging from 1 to 6 at.% were observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and an x-ray diffractometer (XRD). The conductivity changes were obtained using a current-voltage (I-V) measurement system. In order to tailor the optical properties of Al-doped ZnO film for optoelectronic applications, its transparency and band gap were obtained using an ultra violet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The details explanation on the mechanism of ZnO structural and conductivity changes will be discussed detail in this paper.
Further Inquiry of Semi-Separation Axioms
Authors: Zhang Guan , Bai Shi Zhong
Published: November 2013

In this paper, we introduce inclusive completely semi-regular space in L-fuzzy topology spaces and discuss some of its properties. Then, we introduce semi-homeomorphism and show inclusive completely semi-regular space is preserved under semi-homeomorphism.
The Application of Data Mining in Customer Management of Magazine Editing System
Authors: Zhang Xiao Qian
Published: November 2013

China's commercial magazine faces of increasingly fierce competition in the customer, so it must improve its management and marketing method to enhance competitiveness. It is the key point to strengthening customer relationship management. The study in this paper uses data mining techniques to enhance the management of the customer to explore new customers, maintain overall customers and accelerate the development of the magazine. Through the establishment of large database and data mining, we find useful data and the relevance to support decision-making and better improve the competitiveness of the magazine.
Dynamic Template Tracking System with Application to the Detection of the Railway Spike Defects
Authors: Hu Rong , Luo Xiao Qing
Published: November 2013

This paper presents a novel correlation-based tracking algorithm, which is a generalization of the dynamic template correlation regional tracking (DTCRT) algorithmthe template is dynamic and the correlation is regional, and in particular the target image quality is not always good. The algorithm does not make use of the point-to-point multiplication and then summarizing as the traditional algorithm does. Instead, the DTCRT algorithm introduced. This fact helps to overcome several shortcomings of the point-to-point multiplication and then summarizing. The target is represented by the correlation coefficients. If the correlation coefficient is less than a threshold one can judge then the spike is defected. Since the matching function is a very complex function, the DTCRT algorithm is used to optimize it. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness, significance and computation efficiency of the proposed railway spike tracking method in real-time identification.
Research on the Life Detection Based on Mirco Doppler Features
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Jun , Chang Liang
Published: November 2013

This paper carries out research on life detection by micro Doppler.Micro motion parameters can be estimated through extracting the micro Doppler signatures.The article establishes the human body model and radar echo model. Then STFT,CWT and generalized S transform are analyzed and compared to extract micro Doppler signatures,and improvement of generalized S transform is carried out to enhance its frequency aggregation and noise suppression ability.Then principal component analysis and support vector machine are studied.By extracting principal components from the micro Doppler spectrum as input of support vector machine,classification and identification is complished. The simulation results show the improved generalized S transform has better recognition accuracy in noise condition.
Computationally Efficient Extended Kalman Filter for Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Liu Bing , Chen Zhen , Liu Xiang Dong
Published: November 2013

A computationally efficient extended Kalman filter is developed for nonlinear estimation problems in this paper. The filter is performed in three stages. First, the state predictions are evaluated by the dynamic model of the system. Then, the dynamic equations of the rectification quantities for the predicted states are designed. Finally, the state estimations are updated by the predicted states with the rectification quantities multiplied by a single scale factor. One advantage of the filter is that the computational cost is reduced significantly, because the matrix coefficients of the rectified equations are constant. It doesnt need to evaluate the Jacobian matrixes and the matrix inversion for updating the gain matrix neither. Another advantage is that a single scale factor is introduced to scale the model approximated error, leading to an improved filter performance. The excellent performance of the proposed filter is demonstrated by an example with the application to the estimation problems for the sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor direct torque control system.
Substation Remote Viewing Image Mosaic Based on Fuzzy Cellular Automata Detection
Authors: Zai Hong Tao
Published: November 2013

In order to improve the effect of remote video monitoring system, a new image mosaic technology based on fuzzy cellular automata detection is presented. Firstly, the edge feature points from two images are extracted by fuzzy cellular automata; secondly, the corresponding feature point pairs are got by the cross-correlation of the gray scale around the edge feature points; finally the images can be stitched by matched edge feature point pairs. The experiment of remote viewing image mosaic in substation shows that this method can achieve image mosaic effectively and it will be benefit to improve the safety and reliability of substation operation.
Research on Aviation Electric Power Cyber Physical Systems
Authors: Hu Jian Bo , Li Fei , Wu Jun , Wang Jian Hao , Zhang Li Peng
Published: November 2013

More Electric Aircraft (MEA), which is the developing trend of the next generation of aircraft, put forward high demands on the electric power system. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are a kind of novel intelligent systems with computation resources and controlled physical objects tightly integrated and interacted in the future network environment. CPS have the characteristics of real-time, synchronous, security, efficient and autonomous. This paper first elaborates the notion, characteristics, operation mechanism and technical challenges of CPS. The strategy of CPS-based next aviation electric power systems is presented. Then, the architecture of aviation electric power cyber physical systems is established. Finally, key technologies of aviation electric power cyber physical systems, including data bus, control strategies, energy management, security analysis, modeling and simulation, standardized and so on, are discussed. And directions are pointed out to offer a reference for the application of CPS in aviation electric power systems.
Design of Induction Heating Power Based on the Power Adjusting Technique and the Frequency Tracing
Authors: Wang Yao Chen , He Hui Wei , Yan Dong Chen , Xiong Jin Hui
Published: November 2013

The ultrahigh frequency (more than 1MHz) of the HF Induction Heater need to be reached for surface-heat-processing of tiny mental components, which is not available by the traditional HF Induction Heater. To satisfy these requirements, by using the high-speed field effective transistor (FET) and high-speed phase locked loops (PLL: MM74HC4046), the frequency of inverts for induction heater and the power can arrive at more than 1MHz and 5.5kW respectively at the same time. Additionally, it achieves the power adjusting technique and the frequency tracing. The experimental shows that this design can both achieve the high frequency and efficiency, and meet the requirement of the surface-heating-process of the tiny components.
Frequent Closed Partial Orders Mining in Sequences
Authors: Wang Ye , Jia Yan , Zhang Lu Min
Published: November 2013

Mining partial orders from sequence data is an important data mining task with broad applications. As partial orders mining is a NP-hard problem, many efficient pruning algorithm have been proposed. In this paper, we improve a classical algorithm of discovering frequent closed partial orders from string. For general sequences, we consider items appearing together having equal chance to calculate the detecting matrix used for pruning. Experimental evaluations from a real data set show that our algorithm can effectively mine FCPO from sequences.
Modified PSO Algorithm for Solving the Eigenvalues of Matrix
Authors: Zhou Ying , Long Xia , Liao Ping
Published: November 2013

Presently, most of the PSO algorithms for eigenvalues computation take the characteristic polynomial as its fitness function, while for large matrix; it needs a lot of computation for its determination. In order to improve the efficiency of arithmetic operations, a new definition of fitness function, the fitness function calculation of which is much less than the calculation of the determination, can greatly improve the efficiency of algorithms. Finally, several different types of matrix operator cases further validate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
A Geometric Constraints Based Single-Image Reconstruction Method
Authors: Wan Fang , Yang R.
Published: November 2013

In the paper, we have a study on reconstruction technology from single image, particularly on geometric constraint based methods. We analyze several important geometry constraint relationships in the image and derive corresponding function expression. In this way, the depth of each image point can be gained relatively accurately. With the depth of object points, we fulfilled model reconstruction from a single image. We call the single image reconstruction method as sequential method which need calculate depth of object points one by one. In the experiment, the results prove the visual effect of the algorithm is satisfactory.
Hybrid Corrected Approach for Wind Power Forecasting Based on Ordinary Least Square Method
Authors: Yang Hong Ying , Feng Shuang Lei , Wang Bo , Wang Wei Sheng , Liu Chun
Published: November 2013

This paper shows an application of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) in the wind power forecasting field. The OLS algorithm is applied to obtain the estimated parameter of the hybrid correction model, and then the properly structured correction model was used to correct the forecasting errors form the physical forecasting method and the statistical forecasting method. Satisfactory experimental results are obtained for day-ahead forecast by using actual wind power data.