bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicação do MINICHAL em um grupo de idosos hipertensos vinculados ao setor de saúde suplementar
Authors: De Oliveira Henrique Souza Barros , De Jesus Leticia Silva , De Gino Diego Reses , Manso Maria Elisa Gonzalez
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: aplicar o instrumento MINICHAL para mensurar o perfil de qualidade de vida de um grupo de idosos hipertensos assistidos pelo setor de saúde suplementar. Métodos: foram investigados 47 idosos hipertensos vinculados a uma operadora de planos de saúde, no município de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Os dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, de utilização de serviços de saúde e de Qualidade de Vida relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) foram obtidos por meio de instrumentos criados pelos próprios pesquisados e da aplicação da versão brasileira do MINICHAL. Após expressas as variáveis descritivas, os testes de t-Student e Mann-Whitney foram realizados para comparar QVRS as demais variáveis. Resultados: o MINICHAL indicou baixo comprometimento da QVRS em todas as dimensões do instrumento utilizado e a influência negativa entre a prática de atividade física e a dimensão Manifestações Somáticas (p=0,017). Conclusão: o MINICHAL mostrou-se eficaz na mensuração da QVRS de idosos portadores de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica vinculados ao setor de saúde suplementar e evidenciou um menor comprometimento na QVRS entre os idosos praticantes de atividade física.
Typology of phonetic systems of Mordovian languages (Moksha and Erzia) and Tatar-Mishars language
Authors: Polyakov Osip E. , Letkina Natalia V.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. It is known that relations between the Mordovians and Turkic-speaking tribes began in the 4th century AD. The Mordovian people contacted with the Tatars, who were known as Mishars. The article considers the phonetic systems of Mordovian and Tatar-Mishars language in a comparative aspect.
Materials and Methods. Descriptive, typological and comparative methods allow us to analyze the topology of the two phonetic systems. The research material is the system of vowels and consonants of Mordovian and Tatar-Mishars languages.
Results and Discussion. The results present the use of vowels and consonants in the Moksha, Erzia, and Tatar-Mishar languages. Their functions are analyzed in both languages.
Conclusion. The research materials show that in the use of vowels and consonants can differ not only between Mordovian languages and the language of the Tatars-Mishars, but also between Moksha and Erzia.
Regional features of the formation of public organizations in the Komi region in the 1920s–1930s
Authors: Gagieva Anna K.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The work considers regional features of the establishing public organizations in the Komi region in the 1920–1930s.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on a complex approach using systematic, structural, historical, formal, legal and other methods. The main materials were both published and unpublished documents.
Results and Discussion. During the estimated period, public life both in the center of the country and in the peripheries was very active. Immediately after the Civil War, in the Komi region, the establishment of public organizations solved the problems of education, enlightenment and upbringing of citizens of a new country. The experience of organizations that had existed before 1917 was employed. They had successfully established themselves for a long time and could contribute to building socialism and strengthening the power of the ruling Communist party. New public organizations were created in those areas where the authorities needed to expand their influence and strengthen their positions. The branches of public organizations were actively created in the peasant milieu.
Conclusion. The regional features of the formation of public organizations include the fact that public organizations involved not only the intelligentsia of the region, but also the peasantry. Also, it was a significant coverage of the members. Each region of the Komi region had several branches of various public organizations. The unique feature of their activities were determined by the national basis in the case of Komi.
Akai Boliaev and the Peasant War of 1670–1671 on the Mordovian territory
Authors: Abramov Vladimir K.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. 350 years ago, the Peasant War of 1670–1671 began, which received the name of the Second Peasant War in Russia. It acquired the greatest scope in the Volga region, and in Volga lands, namely on the territory of Mordovia. At the beginning of the XVII century, the Mordovians unified in the defense of Moscow state, playing an important role in the expulsion of aggressors and the restoration of central power. There were good reasons for rising up against this power.
Materials and Methods. These events are reflected in a variety of documentary sources, including the fundamental edition in several volumes published by USSR Academy of Sciences and many other studies, which conclusions unfortunately not always corresponded to these sources. The author uses the historiographic method, which includes the principles of historicism, objectivity and the method of logical analysis. The material of the material used the problem-chronological method.
Results and Discussion. National historiography developed an opinion that the Second Peasant War was an uprising, a movement of primarily social causes class, led by Stepan Razin, and on the territory of Mordovia by Mikhail Kharitonov, his envoy. The analysis of the sources does not support the proof for it. According to them, the main events of the Peasant War took place in the Volga region after Razin’s flight to the Don, and the leader of the uprising in the region was Akai Boliaev, Mordovian stanitsa Murza.
Conclusion. After analyzing the sources and subject literature, the author came to the conclusion that the main reason for the uprising in the region was a consequence of the interaction of social, political and national liberation factors.
The role of the furnace in Karelians funeral and memorial rites and folk medicine
Authors: Karakin Yevgeniy V. , Pashkova Tatyana V.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The article studies the role of the furnace in funeral-memorial rite and folk medicine of the Karelians. The study examines the functions of the furnace at all stages of the funeral-memorial rite, starting with the death of a person. The authors address the issue of the function of the furnace in folk medicine, focusing on healing and protective magic, which also traces the furnace with one of its functions: an intermediary between the earthly and the afterlife. The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of special works based on Karelian material, as well as in comparison with the Finno-Ugric and Slavic peoples.
Materials and Methods. The material for the study was the funeral-memorial rites of Karelians and Karelian folk medicine studied using comparative-historical and comparative-comparative methods.
Results and Discussion. This article analyzes the functioning of the furnace in funeral-memorial rites and folk medicine of the Karelians. The analysis considered the data of the Baltic-Finnish peoples (Karelians, Finns, Vepsians) and, more generally Finno-Ugric peoples. In addition, it reviewed the information about the traditions of Russians who originally lived at the same territory with the Karelians. In the course of the study, it established the common features in the rites at all stages of burial of the studied peoples, and in folk medicine at the moment of a person passing away when a dying person departs to another world and.
Conclusion. Household items, funeral ceremonies and folk medicine appearing in funeral rites, as well as some representatives of the fauna were endowed with the ability to be an intermediary between the earthly and the underworld. Among the household items, a furnace and its utensils associated with the cult of ancestors, which were endowed with cathartic and apotropic functions and played a crucial role in the final rite of a person’s life cycle. According to data on Karelian folk medicine, it was believed that a dog, a snake and a crow have a connection with the “other” world, where diseases come from. For example, a dog was used in medical rites to remove the disease from the world of people to the «other» world. In some cases, both a dog and a furnace appear in the process of treatment.
Formation and development of international standards in the field of linguistic rights of indigenous peoples: historical and legal aspects
Authors: Nemechkin Vasily N.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The main objective of this article is to study the historical and legal aspects of the formation and development of international standards in the field of linguistic rights of indigenous peoples. This topic is particularly relevant in connection with the proclamation of the period 2022–2032 International Decade of Indigenous Languages by UN General Assembly.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach that incorporates the historical, formal-legal, system-structural methods of scientific knowledge. The material was provided by the main international legal documents in the field of the linguistic rights of indigenous peoples, research by Russian and international authors on the legal status of indigenous peoples, and the protection of their linguistic rights in particular.
Results and Discussion. Based on the analysis of international legal acts, the following can be distinguished among the linguistic rights of indigenous peoples: the right to preserve and use native languages in private and publicly; the right to education in the mother tongue; the right to create and have access to the media in their native languages; the right to recognize indigenous languages in constitutions and national laws; the right to a life free of linguistic discrimination and other rights. The article also discusses the main UN mechanisms and tools in the field of ensuring and protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. The protection of the linguistic rights of indigenous peoples is currently carried out by numerous specialized agencies such as UNESCO, United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples and etc. An important mechanism for promoting the theme of languages of indigenous peoples, the unification of partners and resources for joint action around the world was the proclamation by the UN General Assembly of the International Year of Indigenous Languages (2019) and the International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022–2032).
Conclusion. At the level of the international community, it formed a serious understanding of the need to preserve and develop languages, the realization of the linguistic rights of indigenous peoples, which will be facilitated by the International Decade of Indigenous Languages.
Transformation of the linguistic culture of the Urals Mari in the XX – at the beginning of the XXI centuries
Authors: Berezina Anna V.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Based on the analysis of the transformation processes of the linguistic culture of the Urals Mari, the article considers how various types of transformations can give a culture a new potential for its development or have a harmful influence on its foundations. With the prognostic goal the work makes an attempt to outline the structure of the model of language transformations, which is tested on the example of the language culture of the Urals Mari.
Materials and Methods. In the framework of cultural interpretation, interviewing, survey and sociological description are applied. Hermeneutical and lingvocultural methods are also used.
Results and Discussion. Historically, it was recorded that the changing of the language culture of the Ural Mari was influenced by proximity to other nations, trading activities, borrowing in material culture. The formation of the Mari alphabet gave a fresh impetus to the development of ethnocultural education. Thus, ethnocultural identity was expressed in writing. The language of the ethnos, perceived visually and thus fixing the achievements of culture, contributed to the awareness of the community of the ethos. Analyzing such borrowings, the author comes to the conclusion about positive transformational processes. Negative transformation processes are associated by the author with the mass culture and the loss of ethnocultural values. Mass culture comes along with the loss of traditional types of employment, together with the termination of the study of the language of the ethnic group in the education system.
Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that the developing the regions of the Urals Mari festival and tourist activities carried out in the language of the super ethnos cannot influence the leveling of the value foundations of culture. First of all, it is necessary to level out the processes that negatively affect the language and culture of the ethnic group.
Génesis del alienismo: una metáfora de la ley. Aproximación a El alienista de Machado
Authors: Martínez Díaz María
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se elabora una lectura del relato del escritor brasileño Machado de Assis, El alienista. Se propone un primer acercamiento al análisis de este texto literario y de este escritor tan importante y olvidado en la academia costarricense. La lectura versa sobre el tema de la locura, dando luces sobre todo a la institución que ha pretendido dominarla: la psiquiatría. De tal forma, este trabajo reflexionará acerca del surgimiento del alienismo como discurso, como institución y poder que ha construido la figura del alienado, para luego destinarlo al encierro.
Los malecus contra Cristóbal Colón: ¿anacronismo o retradicionalización?
Authors: Sánchez Avendaño Carlos
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se comentan dos textos de la tradición oral malecu relativos al contacto y enfrentamiento de este pueblo indocostarricense con los conquistadores españoles encabezados por Cristóbal Colón. El primer texto parece ser una reelaboración de un relato sobre el período de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en el cual los malecus se vieron perseguidos por huleros de origen hispano que invadieron su territorio. El segundo relato muy posiblemente se construyó a partir de información recientemente adquirida acerca de los pueblos indígenas actuales, pero contiene trazos de probables tradiciones orales anteriores. En ambos casos, se toman esquemas narrativos antiguos a los que se les incorpora información de diversos momentos históricos, por lo cual resultan, desde una óptica historiográfica hispanocostarricense, anacrónicos. Se propone, no obstante, que en realidad estamos ante un proceso de retradicionalización.
"The assessment of odontophobia among Syrian refugees at the Moroccan military medical and surgical hospital in the Zaatari camp in Jordan and its influence by post-traumatic stress disorder : about an epidemiological investigation".
Authors: Mehdi Hariri El , Mohamed Sellouti , Jaouad Nguadi , Hakima Chhoul
Published: August 2020

Introduction :

Odontophobia is a complex anxiety disorder related to excessive fear of dental care. Of multifactorial origin, it affects more females than males at all ages. Odontophobia can also be associated with other disorders, namely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is recognized in refugees from civil wars.

Materials and methods :

Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study, carried out during February 2020 at the Syrian refugee camp in Zaatari, Jordan, involving 200 consultants at the dental office to assess their degree of odontophobia and to determine the risk factors associated with this disorder, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Results :

The authors collated 200 subjects of which 125 (62.5%) were phobic with a corah score (> or = to 13) and 75 (37.5%) were non-phobic with a corah score (< to 13). The sex ratio was statistically different between the two populations with a predominance of female sex (p=0.025). odontophobia is also related to the length of time spent in Syria during the civil war, it is observed more in 96 (48%) patients who spent between (13 and 24 months) (p=0.017). Similarly, odontophobia is influenced by post-traumatic stress disorder in its severe form (p=0.011).

Conclusion:

Descriptive and analytical observational epidemiological study showing the high prevalence of odontophobia among Syrian refugees consulting at the dental office of the Moroccan military medical-surgical hospital in Zaatari camp in Jordan and its influence by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Nutritional intake and body composition in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Pintér H. K. , Boros K. K. , Pálfi E. , Veres G.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

In this study we assessed nutritional intake, body composition, and their relationship in patients with paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods

We conducted a longitudinal, prospective study of 38 patients' nutritional intake using 3-day food records (FR) and bioimpedance analysis of body composition. FR were evaluated by Nutricomp DietCAD software. Results were analysed with Microsoft Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.

Results

Patients treated with biological and conventional therapy (CT) had a higher intake of vegetable protein and carbohydrate from starch than those treated earlier with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in the remission phase (F = 5.926, F = 5.130, P < 0.05). The former EEN group had a higher intake of iron compared to the other two groups (F = 3.967, P = 0.036). Protein intake and fat-free mass (FFM) had a significant positive correlation, while added sugar correlated with body fat mass (BFM) in the same way (R2 = 0.122, R2 = 0.169, P < 0.05). Body-fat mass in patients of the biological therapy (BT) group overstepped the healthy median, and the FFM in the EEN group stayed under it.

Conclusions

Our results confirm that it is essential to monitor body composition and not only measure body weight. Patients should be advised based on their body composition, therapy, and phase of the disease.
Response of Islamist ond Holders of Sunda Wiwitan Against Wedding a Different Religion
Authors: Sucipto Imam , Mulyana Yana , Guntara Yudi
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the response of a pair of followers of Islam and Sundanese Wiwitan to interfaith marriages in Cigugur. This research uses descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. Whereas the framework for thinking uses the grand theory of Joachim Wach, middle of the Ninian Smart theory and the applicative theory of phenomenology of Edmund Husserl. The results showed that the response of interfaith marriages was as follows: Interfaith marriages were a hidden truth, Embodiments of compassion, differences were a necessity, human rights, feelings of tumarima, strong mentality, and not recognition but understanding.
Comparison of Nurcholis Madjid and A. Hasyim Muzadi's Thoughts on Renewal in Indonesia
Authors: Alam Aam Saepul , Rafiudin Rafiudin , Sonjaya Adang
Published: August 2020

This study aims to understand the differences and similarities in the thinking of two figures from different organizations. Two different thinkers and reformers of educational and organizational genealogy, namely Nurcholis Madjid and Hasyim Muzadi. Nurcholis Madjid (Cak Nur) graduated from Western education, and Hasyim Muzadi graduated from a local boarding school education. The method used in this study, using a qualitative approach with a Comprehensive Study approach and through the Hermeneutic approach. Observing the results of the study provides insight into Nurcholis Madjid and A. Hasyim Muzadi, having differences in their ideas. Nurcholis Madjid gave birth to Universal Islamic ideas, and Hasyim Muzadi gave birth to rahmatan lil alamin in religious contexts. The similarity of the two figures is to promote Islam that is full of peace, harmony, and harmony.
The Dynamics of the Role of the Nahdlatul Ulama Social Movement in Responding to Social Change
Authors: Saepulah Saepulah , Marlina Lina , Fauzi Unang
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to uncover sociological and cultural conclusions about community dynamics in various dimensions. The method used in this research is to conduct a literature review relating to the historical trajectory of Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) as a primary data source. Besides, an analysis of various data and information obtained from literature and journals as a source of secondary data. Based on the results of data and information processing, it is concluding that NU, as a social organization in the religious, social movement, has a significant contribution to the socio-religious dimension. Contributions include spiritual, social, educational, environmental, and economic preservation, including improving communication between scholars, improving the quality of Islamic schools, selecting books studied in Islamic boarding schools, and establishing bodies to support agricultural activities and Muslim trade.
Overview Of Gender Victims Of Family In The Household In Garut District
Authors: Hanifah Hanifah , Rafiudin Rafiudin , Madaniyyah Fathimah , Supiana Supiana
Published: August 2020

Data from the West Java Women's and Child Empowerment (P2TP2A) Integrated Service Center counselor, shows that the number of domestic violence (KDRT) in West Java is still high. In one year P2TP2A can handle more than 100 cases. that number could be more because until now there are still many victims of domestic violence who do not dare to report. This is a concern of the community and the regional government of West Java, so the problem is how to protect victims of domestic violence in Garut. This writing study uses literature studies that emphasize data collection through searching / reviewing books related to research. The data analysis method used is a descriptive-analytical method by collecting and compiling data, then analysis and interpretation of the data are sought. Violence against women and children victims of domestic violence in Garut Regency over the past five years as many as 430 cases including 2014 violence against women, 46 cases, in 2015 there were 31 cases, in 2016 there were 37 cases, in 2017 there were 30 cases and in 2018 as many as 17 cases. This shows that the amount of violence against women has decreased from year to year. Garut Regency protects women and children who are victims of violence by fulfilling the rights of women and children victims of violence and discrimination starting from prevention efforts, social services, and rehabilitation. All protection aims to protect women and provide security in the fulfillment of their rights by providing consistent and systematic attention aimed at achieving gender equality.
Management of Guidance and Counseling on Learning Discipline
Authors: Mubarok Muhammad Syauqi
Published: August 2020

This article aims to examine and describe the influence of guidance and counseling management on learning discipline. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method using survey techniques. Data collection techniques that used are documentation studies and field studies. Moreover, the data analysis technique that has been used to answer the research hypothesis is statistical analysis with a path analysis model. The location of the study was at the Ciledug Vocational High School Al-Musaddadiyah Garut, with 85 respondents taking part in the survey. The results of the discussion show that guidance and counseling management has a positive and significant effect on the discipline of learning
STUDY OF APPROACHES, METHODS, SOURCES AND INTERPRETATION INSTRUMENTS OF MULLA SADRA
Authors: Mu’ammar Moh. Nadhir
Published: August 2020

This research is carried out on some uniqueness found in the interpretation of the Al-Qur'an by Mulla Sadra, including: he is a philosopher who is the foremost in interpreting the Al-Qur'an and productive writers who have produced many works. In the hands of Mulla Sadra, the synthesis of the three Islamic intellectual schools, namely Sufi makrifat, philosophy or theosophy, and Shiite theology was finally reached, and directly reflected in the field of esoteric interpretation of the Al-Qur'an. Based on the uniqueness, the author is interested in examining it with the title: "Mulla Sadra's Interpretation Methodology (Study of Approaches, Methods, Sources and Instruments of Interpretation)". The purpose of this study is to find out and explore the methodology of the interpretation of Al-Quran Mulla Sadra, as well as describe how the approach, methods, sources and instruments of interpretation of the Al-Quran that he initiated. And to find out and criticize the application of the interpretation methodology of Al-Quran Mulla Sadra in its interpretation product. This type of research is a library research based on the book of Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Karim as a primary data source. Based on this research, we can draw the conclusion that Sadra's work is a combination of approaches and interpretive methods that have developed in the Islamic world. The advantage is that it combines two approaches, namely f irfani and philosophy. This is then considered a bridge from the different interpretive traditions in the Islamic world
HADITS INFORMATION ABOUT HELPING (COMPLETING) WITH SOMETHING HAPPENED IN THE SOCIETY
Authors: Rayana Jagat
Published: August 2020

Today, begging and begging for something that is considered normal is mainly used as a livelihood to meet their needs. This phenomenon continues to develop and has tools that can support its development. This study aims to look at the hadiths about begging and see the implications on social order, with content analysis methods and qualitative data type takhrij methods, namely data relating to authenticity, blasphemy, content and implications of Hadith begging. The main source of data is the books of the Hadith al-Mashhadi al-Ashliyah assisted with supporting data sources that produce the Hadith about begging, namely marfu 'Qauli haqiqi due to the words of Rasulallah SAW and including the Hadith ahad Mashhur because the raw is four at the beginning of thabaqah and subsequently accompanied by several narrators. The hadith asks for clear whereabouts and as a strict rebuke to all creatures of Allah SWT to avoid begging and encourage hard work and earn a living that is lawful to meet all their needs.
WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES IN THE LIFE OF MUHAMMAD (570-632 AD)
Authors: Munjin Shidqy
Published: August 2020

The main problem in this study is to uncover three problems related to women in the time of Muhammad. First, regarding the position of women during the time of Muhammad. Second, concerning the extent of women's involvement in various activities during the time of Muhammad, both in the period before and after it. Third, what problems were faced by women at that time and how they affected their activities. This research is based on the library research of the earliest classic books in the UIN SGD Bandung Library and the al-Musaddadiyyah Garut Foundation Library, such as Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, al-Waqidi, Ibn Sa'd, and al- Tabari. The results of this study indicate that Muhammad was a person who cared deeply about human rights especially those relating to women. This conclusion is proven by his attitude which always defends the oppressed. He always displayed this defence attitude before being appointed as a prophet, and even more firmly when he was appointed as a prophet. The different characteristics of Muhammad's attitude towards women before and after the prophecy were influenced by economic factors, security, and the social system that prevailed in each of these periods.
Choosing a medical school: Advice for applicants
Authors: Hays Richard
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Applying for a medical school place is a challenging step that can have long term consequences. Competition is strong, both for applicants to gain a place and for medical schools to recruit the 'best' applicants. Strategies to increase candidate success flourish, but many are unproven. Potential applicants should invest time and effort in exploring which schools and programs might suit best their particular circumstances and interests. Back-up plans should be considered for both success and failure. Not succeeding first time or at a first-choice school may be disappointing, but there are other paths to success in both medical and non-medical careers. Before accepting an offer, make sure that this is the best choice for the best reasons, and then make the best of whatever follows. In the longer term, career success is shaped more by what happens after than during primary medical education.
Alcances y limitaciones en el conocimiento del trastorno límite
Authors: Castañeda Quirama Leidy Tatiana
Published: August 2020

La estrategia llevada a cabo para el desarrollo del Proyecto de Investigación Formativa (PIF) en el curso de psicopatología, fue la revisión no sistemática acerca de los Trastornos de personalidad, dada la complejidad clínica que representa la evaluación, diagnóstico e intervención de este tipo de patologías.
Estudio social sobre el suicidio. Un ejercicio formativo de investigación
Authors: Perdomo Jurado Yury Estefanía
Published: August 2020

Investigar en el campo social ya representa todo un reto en un país que poco apuesta por estudios sociales a pesar de tener en su seno una profunda necesidad por conocer, comprender y explicar las realidades locales para encausar más y mejores procesos de trabajo psicosocial
CONSUMO DE MARIHUANA UNA REALIDAD EN LOS JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS.
Authors: Aranzalez Guerrero John Aranzalez Guerrero
Published: August 2020

El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas necesita de nuevas perspectivas analíticas; referencias de nuevas concepciones del tema como la reducción de riesgos y daños o visiones menos totalizantes del interpretar subjetivo de quien es consumidor, ya sea dependiente o problemático.
LA MEMORIA EN EL PROCESO DE APRENDIZAJE DE NIÑOS ENTRE LOS 7 Y 10 AÑOS NO ESCOLARIZADOS
Authors: Prada Pinzón Valeria , Mera Cindy Paola
Published: August 2020

El propósito central de este estudio es realizar una investigación sobre las afectaciones en la memoria durante el proceso de aprendizaje en niños que por distintas situaciones no han podido acceder a una educación, teniendo en cuenta que son menores entre los 7 y 10 años. En este caso se evaluará una población de niños inmigrantes en una casa de acogida con el fin de observar las diferentes consecuencias que puede generar la no escolarización en la memoria del individuo. Se aplicará el test de aprendizaje auditivo verbal de rey con el fin observar que tan desarrollada se encuentra la memoria en los niños que no están escolarizados por causas de inmigración y nivel económico bajo.
DEPRESIÓN Y DETERIORO COGNITIVO EN EL ADULTO MAYOR
Authors: Guevara Rodríguez FABIOLA ESPERANZA , Díaz Daza Alejandro Francisco , Caro Reyes Paola Andrea
Published: August 2020

La adultez mayor es una etapa que comienza a los 60 años y culmina cuando la persona muere, caracterizada por ser un ciclo de muchos cambios en todos los aspectos funcionales (OMS, 2006). Nuestro objetivo es indagar acerca de la depresión y el deterioro cognitivo en los adultos mayores, por medio de una revisión de literatura donde se identifican los factores de riesgo y las redes de apoyo a considerar. Adicional se evidencia que el Alzheimer es la principal enfermedad cognitiva que sufren los adultos mayores, donde principalmente se ve afectada la calidad de vida del adulto mayor, y esto hace que presenten pensamientos suicidas y culpabilidad por decisiones del pasado, por lo cual abarcamos ciertas recomendaciones para prevenirlo, ya que es importante que cuenten con acompañamiento familiar.
NUEVAS CONSTRUCCIONES DE GÉNERO
Authors: Marulanda Laura Camila , Bernal Bernal Stefanny Andrea , Salinas Pérez Sindy Tatiana , Hernandez Acuña Miryam Gabriela , Tapia Aguiar Isabella , Porras Porras Edwin Fernando , Giraldo Leon Cristian Ivan
Published: August 2020

El trabajo del semillero se ha enfocado en indagar desde la perspectiva de género, concepto entendido como una construcción social la cual se teje de manera histórica y que se va modificando según los cánones sociales, morales y estéticos de cada época y generación (Gambas, 2008).
Physicochemical characterization of sodium bentonite clay and its significance as a catalyst in plastic wastes valorization
Authors: Kumar Awinash , Lingfa Pradip
Published: August 2020

This study reveals the physicochemical characterization and catalytic behavior of locally available sodium bentonite clay. The clay was treated with hydrochloric acid to identify the characteristics. This paper explains XRF, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TGA characterization of commercially
available sodium bentonite clay, a potential catalyst for thermo-catalytic pyrolysis in waste plastic valorization. Phase identification, structural properties, and chemical compositions were investigated. Less value of a loss on ignition (LOI) was found as 9.8% by weight which shows better
acceptance performance for thermo-catalytic process of plastic wastes recycling. SiO2 (52.55%), Al2O3 (15.34%), and Fe2O3 (11.92%) three major compounds were identified by XRF and satisfy the XRD pattern. Spectra show that at 1009.25 cm−1,
1032.05 cm−1 and 1112.90 cm−1 band positions are strong bands of Si-O stretching of monosubstituted and tetrahedral compounds. Alcohols and phenols group of compounds have sharp band positions of H- O-H stretching at 3620.59 cm−1 and 3695.17
cm−1. The maximum average crystallite size was found 26.55 nm for 25.09° (2Θ) absorption. The morphology indicates that the presences of large particles are in the form of agglomerates. The high weight percentage of SiO2 and CaCO3 were spotted respectively 45.40%
and 42.18% by weight for raw clay in the scanning electron micrograph. After acid treatment, it was found that the % weight of CaCO3 was decreased as 20.99% and % weight of SiO2 was increased as 48.88%. Thermo gravimetric graph shows that the reliable temperature range
is 450°C to 500°C, which satisfies the pyrolysis process temperature range. The objective of this paper is to explore the similar utilization of the montmorillonite group of clay as a catalyst and useful engineering aspects for recycling plastic wastes.
Design and Simulation of Microstrip Antenna Using Composite Right/Left Handed Transmission Line (CRLH-TL) Technique for LTE and Radar Applications
Authors: Halim I. Bishoy , Boutejdar Ahmed
Published: August 2020

A compact metamaterial inspired antenna operates at LTE and Radar applications is introduced in this paper. Control and manipulation of electromagnetic waves is at the heart of many industries from wireless communication, internet and optical data storage to imaging and displays.
Progress in these technologies places challenging demands on material properties and therefore structured electromagnetic materials. Metamaterials are a special class of structured materials. Patterning on the sub-wavelength scale allows precise engineering of their electromagnetic properties
over a range going far beyond natural media. In this paper, microstrip antenna consists of radiating patch and two parasitic elements (open-loop ring resonators) to serve coupling bridges with partial ground plane and composite right / left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) embedded in the
patch antenna. The antenna topology possesses an area 26×37×1.27 mm3.The analysis and design is simulated and optimized commercial software. The good agreement between the theoretical expectation and the simulation results is observed. Finally, the proposed optimum antenna
design structure has been fabricated and the measured S-parameters, VSWR of the proposed structure can be analyzed with network analyzer to demonstrate the excellent performance and meet the requirements for LTE and Radar applications.
Rapid construction and advanced technology for a Covid-19 field hospital in Wuhan, China
Authors: Zhou Man , Chen Yaying , Su Xiaolong , An Ling
Published: August 2020

A specialised emergency field hospital was constructed in record time in Wuhan, China shortly after the initial outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Covering an area of 34 000 m2 and providing 1000 beds, Huoshenshan Hospital was more advanced and had more rigorous isolation systems than most current infectious-disease hospitals, but it was delivered in just 10 days. The rapid construction benefited from a unique modular design, over 4000 people who worked around the clock and a series of advanced technologies such as building information modelling, modular construction and 5G communications. The hospital played a crucial role in controlling the pandemic in China.
Analysis of wear parameters for AA6063–TiC composites using Taguchi technique
Authors: Saravanan Sekar , Ravichandran Manickam , Balan Aaran Varadhan
Published: August 2020

The wear behaviour of the AA6063 matrix composite reinforced with different weight percentages of titanium carbide (TiC) particles by the in situ reaction route was studied. The hardness and wear rate of the composite samples were analysed using a hardness tester and a pin-on-disc wear tester. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the composites was investigated based on the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array experimental design. The significance of reinforcement, load and sliding distance on wear rate was explored. Load and sliding velocity were identified as the highly significant parameters on the wear rate using the analysis of variance. Worn surfaces of the composites were analysed using scanning electron microscopy, and all the surface morphology images were reported.
Proxies and perplexities: What is the current state of adult (il)literacy in South Africa?
Authors: Aitchison John
Published: August 2020

This article provides a detailed analysis of the data from a range of official sources that have been used to enumerate the number of people who can be described as totally or functionally illiterate and estimates whether illiteracy in South Africa can be reduced in the foreseeable future. The study examines the use of years of schooling (conventionally now set at Grade 7) as the proxy indicator of a person being functionally literate by the main sources, the General Population Censuses of 1996, 2001, and 2011 and the annual General Household Surveys and shows that these sources give somewhat contradictory and discordant estimates of the rate at which there is gradual decline of illiteracy in South Africa. Other indicators based on self reporting, also used in the Census and General Housing Surveys, show that a large number of adult South Africans have difficulty in reading, writing and calculating with numbers. The study also shows that the data presented by these surveys about participation in literacy and adult basic education and training classes is inaccurate. Note is made that currently South Africa does not make use of any means of direct testing of adult literacy. The article concludes with an exploration on whether South Africa is able to reach the goal of halving illiteracy by 2015. The target of such a reduction is necessarily based on what the baseline number of illiterates is as well as decision on whether full function literacy must be obtained or a merely a basic level of alphabetisation. Through a detailed estimation of the results of the Kha Ri Gude adult literacy campaign since 2008 a finding is made that the halving of illiteracy will be made, but only at the most basic level, and that attaining full functional literacy for all South Africans remains a major task.
Estrés por aluminio en plantas: reacciones en el suelo, síntomas en vegetales y posibilidades de corrección. Una revisión
Authors: Casierra-Posada Fánor , Aguilar-Avendaño Oscar E.
Published: August 2020

El aluminio es el factor más limitante del crecimiento y productividad en los suelos ácidos del mundo, que abarcan más de 40% de la superficie agrícola. Alrededor de 85% del territorio colombiano está compuesto por suelos ácidos, en los cuales la productividad de plantas se restringe debido a la acidez del suelo y la toxicidad por aluminio. En suelos minerales ácidos con pH inferior a 5,5 gran proporción de los sitios de intercambio de las arcillas está ocupado por aluminio, en donde este reemplaza otros cationes como el Mg2+ y el Ca2+ y simultáneamente se adsorbe a los fosfatos. El efecto de competencia del aluminio sobre la toma de calcio y magnesio justifica que las relaciones Ca/Al, Mg/Al o (Ca+Mg+K)/Al en el suelo o en las soluciones nutritivas son mejores parámetros para predecir el riesgo de deficiencia de bases inducidas por aluminio, que la concentración de alguno de los elementos en forma individual. El efecto inicial del estrés por aluminio es la inhibición del crecimiento radicular, además, la acumulación de aluminio indica que la sensibilidad al elemento ocurre en el ápice radicular; los mecanismos de resistencia a aluminio están confinados principalmente en el ápice de la raíz; la producción de calosa es inducida en células apicales radiculares. Algunas posibilidades de corrección del estrés por aluminio son: la aplicación de materia orgánica, la colonización con micorrizas, la aplicación de ácidos orgánicos, la aplicación foliar de fósforo, el encalado, la selección de plantas tolerantes y la producción de plantas transgénicas tolerantes.
Phenotypic performance of four stevia genotypes in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region, Brazil
Authors: Debarba Rômulo João , Deschamps Cícero , Kanis Luiz Alberto , Moterle Diego , Rampelotti Marcio
Published: August 2020

An evaluation of four stevia genotypes for biomass yield, stevioside and rebaudioside A content and yield under decreasing photoperiod conditions was carried out in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region, located in the State of Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. This field experiment was conducted at Site São Miguel, a farm located in the city of Lontras (SC), Brazil, under conditions of decreasing photoperiods, with a variation of 13.72 h of light at experiment implantation to 12.57 h of light at the end of the evaluations. The treatments consisted of four genotypes (G4, G8, G9 and G12) provided by EMBRAPA-CENARGEN. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (stevia genotypes) and four replications was used. Each plot consisted of 21 plants, and the floor area had five plants. G12 had the highest leaf dry weight (LDW), total leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio and specific leaf area of all the genotypes. G4 and G12 were equal for LDW and were higher than the other genotypes, with yields of 755.6 and 836.4 kg ha-1, respectively. The stevioside content was highest in G12 (200.07 mg g-1). G8 and G9 were similar for rebaudioside A content (64.77 and 49.05 mg g-1, respectively). The rebaudioside A: stevioside ratio was highest in G8 (0.44 g g-1). No genotype had a rebaudioside A: stevioside ratio suitable for industry requirements.
Selecting squash (Cucurbita sp.) introductions by seed nutritional quality and seed meal
Authors: Ortiz-Grisales Sanín , Valdés-Restrepo Magda-Piedad
Published: August 2020

Squash (Cucurbita sp.) is widely used in Colombia as both food and animal feed. However, its seeds are discarded. This study  aimed to identify squash genotypes with a high nutritional value in the whole seed meal (WSM) and defatted seed meal (DSM) within a group of 19 introductions (14 of Cucurbita moschata and 5 of C. sororia). For WSM, 70% of the introductions presented above-average values for extract (36.9%) and crude protein (26.34%); the fiber values were 20.34% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and 13% acid detergent fiber (ADF). For DSM, 57% of the introductions presented above-average crude protein (43.5%) and 52% above-average crude energy values (4078 cal g-1).  Based on the relative feed value (RFV), introductions 1229, 1200, 1201, 1219 and 1206 were selected for WSM, and 1206 1229, 932, 1200, 786 and 954 were selected for DSM. In the selected C. moschata introductions, parents with general and specific combining abilities for ether extract and crude protein in WSM or high RFV in DSM should be identified. C. soraria introductions 1202 and 954 should be used in crosses that aim to obtain F2 segregants for seeds with a high oil content and high RFV in DSM.
Growth analysis of green-leaf lettuce under different sources and doses of organic and mineral fertilization
Authors: Ribeiro Rúbia Rejane , Torres Jose Luiz Rodrigues , Orioli-Junior Valdeci , Charlo Hamilton Cesar De Oliveira , Vieira Dinamar Márcia Da Silva
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different sources and doses of organic and mineral fertilization on the production of green-leaf lettuce. The experiment design used randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (6×3), with six doses of fertilizers (1 = 0; 2 = 25; 3 = 50; 4 = 100; 5 = 150, and 6 = 200% of the recommended fertilization for green-leaf lettuce crop) and three sources of fertilizers [cattle manure (CaM) and chicken manure (ChM), decomposed, on a wet basis and applied 100% at planting at the doses: CaM – 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100 Mg ha-1; ChM – 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 Mg ha-1; mineral fertilization (MF) varying the N levels: 0, 37.5, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg ha-1 plus 400 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 60 kg ha-1 of K2O]. The fertilization with CaM and ChM was more efficient than the MF at increasing the production of green-leaf lettuce, mainly because of  the higher residual effects of P in the Oxisol. The ChM provided a higher soil pH, P and K, while the CaM provided a higher soil Mg, organic carbon and organic matter. The dose with 144% of organic fertilization exclusively on a wet basis corresponding to 72 Mg ha-1 of CaM and 29 Mg ha-1 of ChM resulted in the highest green-leaf lettuce yield.
Effect of irrigation regime on the production of volatiles that affect the aroma of the pear variety Triumph of Vienna (Pyrus communis L.)
Authors: Vélez Javier Enrique , Polanía Wilson , Beltrán Nicolás
Published: August 2020

Water is a major component of plants that directly and indirectly affects physiological processes. One of the consequences of a hydric deficit in the pear fruit is modification of the aroma. No information exists on the effect of a water deficit on the sensory profile and volatile composition of this species. The objective was to determine the production of volatiles in the harvest and post-harvest of pear var. Triumph of Vienna (Pyrus communis L.) with regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). The irrigation treatments consisted of the application of water regimes that were 100 (Control), 74 and 48% of the ETc during the rapid fruit growth period. The rest of the season plants were irrigated at 100%ETc. In the deficit treatments, there were no significant reductions with respect to the control in the quality of the fruits, obtaining a water savings in 74 and 48%ETc of 26 and 40%, respectively. The esters were the volatile compounds that contribute greatly to aroma, which increased steadily during the climacteric phase. Under the limited water conditions, watering with regulated, deficit doses obtained production that was similar to that of well-watered crops, provided that it was carried out in the phenological stage of low sensitivity and that the tolerance limits of stress were not exceeded.