bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-Based Turn on Fluorescent Paper (ToFP) Device for Detecting Rosellinia necatrix
Authors: Lee Se Hee , Lee Sang-Hee , Won Kyungho , Kim Myung-Su , Ryu Hojin , Kim Yang-Hoon , Ahn Ji-Young
Published: April 2020

White root rot (WRR) disease caused by Rosellinia necatrix, a fungal pathogen, results in severe damage to various fruit trees, decreasing their marketability. Regular monitoring is a major process because the pathogen can remain in the soil around the host for a long time. Loop-mediated
isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a highly sensitive and efficient amplification technology of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) that can be performed at constant temperatures. Thus, it has been spotlighted as a useful tool for detecting several infectious agents. In the present study, LAMP-based
Turn-on Fluorescent Paper (ToFP) devices were designed and applied to detect R. necatrix. LAMP conditions were optimized and found to be optimal at a reaction temperature (62 °C) and a reaction time (30 minutes). These reaction conditions were confirmed by applying them to infectious
soil samples collected from the field. The limitation of detection was identified as 10 fg of genomic DNA under optimized LAMP conditions. These LAMP-based ToFP devices were generated with easily available stationery materials and the utility of these devices to analyze the LAMP results were
confirmed through several experiments on a total of 14 field samples. The results showed that the developed LAMP-based detection system was very sensitive and had the advantages of rapid detection and high availability in the field.
A projected primal-dual gradient optimal control method for deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Gottschalk Simon , Burger Michael , Gerdts Matthias
Published: April 2020

In this contribution, we start with a policy-based Reinforcement Learning ansatz using neural networks. The underlying Markov Decision Process consists of a transition probability representing the dynamical system and a policy realized by a neural network mapping the current state to parameters of a distribution. Therefrom, the next control can be sampled. In this setting, the neural network is replaced by an ODE, which is based on a recently discussed interpretation of neural networks. The resulting infinite optimization problem is transformed into an optimization problem similar to the well-known optimal control problems. Afterwards, the necessary optimality conditions are established and from this a new numerical algorithm is derived. The operating principle is shown with two examples. It is applied to a simple example, where a moving point is steered through an obstacle course to a desired end position in a 2D plane. The second example shows the applicability to more complex problems. There, the aim is to control the finger tip of a human arm model with five degrees of freedom and 29 Hill’s muscle models to a desired end position.
Variability and variation in Rhyncholestes raphanurus Osgood (Paucituberculata, Caenolestidae)
Authors: González Baltazar , Brook Federico , Martin Gabriel M.
Published: April 2020

Background

Caenolestids are a group of poorly known South American marsupials with a restricted distribution inPáramoandSubpáramoenvironments of the Andes from Colombia and western Venezuela to Bolivia (represented by the generaCaenolestesandLestoros), and Valdivian rainforest in southern Chile (including a separate population in Chiloé Island) and Argentina, where a single species lives: the Long-nosed shrew opossum (Rhyncholestes raphanurus). The objectives of this work were to analyze the intraspecific variability ofR. raphanurus,which includes an anatomical description of the skull and dentition, describe its geographic variation, test for sexual dimorphism, and assess potential differences between continental and Island populations.

Methods

Linear Mossimann-transformed variables were used to assess sexual differences within a large population (La Picada), compare sexes within other continental populations, and in a separate analysis, compare continental from Island samples. A full model Principal Components Analysis was performed to assess differences between males and females of the continental and Island populations. A thorough description of the skull and teeth of the species and comparisons with other living Caenolestidae is presented.

Results

Rhyncholestes raphanuruspresents little geographic variation, even between Island and continental populations. Similarly, we found no significant difference between sexes of this species in cranial and dental measurements. We provide a detailed description of cranial morphology and its variation, and also, the first description of the occipital bones, which haven’t been previously described for any Paucituberculata.

Conclusions

Comparative studies of continental and Chiloé Island specimens support the treatment ofR. raphanurusas a single valid species, especially since morphologic and morphometric differences fall within the extremes of continental populations. The morphology ofR. raphanurusclearly separates this genus from other extant Caenolestidae, and in a much greater degree than the differences found betweenLestorosandCaenolestes.
Phase disambiguation using spatio-temporally modulated illumination in depth sensing
Authors: Kushida Takahiro , Tanaka Kenichiro , Aoto Takahito , Funatomi Takuya , Mukaigawa Yasuhiro
Published: April 2020

Phase ambiguity is a major problem in the depth measurement in either time-of-flight or phase shifting. Resolving the ambiguity using a low frequency pattern sacrifices the depth resolution, and using multiple frequencies requires a number of observations. In this paper, we propose a phase disambiguation method that combines temporal and spatial modulation so that the high depth resolution is preserved while the number of observation is kept. A key observation is that the phase ambiguities of temporal and spatial domains appear differently with respect to the depth. Using this difference, the phase can disambiguate for a wider range of interest. We develop a prototype to show the effectiveness of our method through real-world experiments.
Post-stroke fatigue: a scoping review
Authors: Aali Ghazaleh , Drummond Avril , das Nair Roshan , Shokraneh Farhad
Published: April 2020

Background: Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is one of the most common and frustrating outcomes of stroke. It has a high prevalence and it can persist for many years after stroke. PSF itself contributes to a wider range of undesirable outcomes that affect all aspects of daily life. The aim of this review was to identify and summarise the most recent research on PSF, in order to update the evidence base.

Methods: We updated an existing review (Hinkleet al. 2017) systematically searching CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and PubMed to cover new research studies between 1stMarch 2016 and the search date (19thJanuary 2020). We included interventional and observational research, and clinical practice guidelines that were not covered in the original review. After duplicate removal in EndNote, two reviewers screened the search results in Rayyan, and data from eligible full texts were extracted onto an Excel spreadsheet. Finally, we used RobotReviewer and a human reviewer to assess the risk of bias of randomised trials for this scoping review.

Results: We identified 45 records for 30 studies (14 observational, 10 interventional studies, and 6 guidelines). Apart from one, the interventional studies were single-centred, had high risk of bias and small sample size (median 50). They investigated exercise, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, education, and light therapy. Observational studies mainly reported the factors related to PSF including co-morbidities, depression and anxiety, quality of life, activities of daily living, stroke severity, medication use and polypharmacy, polymorphism, pain, apathy, limb heaviness, neuroticism, mobility, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Guidelines either did not report on PSF or, when reported, their recommendations were supported by little or low level of evidence.

Conclusion: Although we identified a number of recent studies which have added to our current knowledge on PSF, none are robust enough to change current clinical practice.
The Politics of Stephen’s Storytelling: Narrative Rhetoric and Reflexivity in Acts 7:2–53
Authors: Dinkler Michal Beth
Published: April 2020

Taking Stephen’s lengthy speech in Acts 7:2–53 as its case study, this paper considers the complex ways that narratives function politically, and especially how the author of Acts constructs the act of storytelling as a purposive persuasive strategy within the complex political landscape of the first-century Mediterranean world. Although some have interpreted Stephen’s speech in light of ancient rhetorical conventions, I contend that Stephen is not portrayed primarily as an elite classical orator; he is, fundamentally, a storyteller. This paper considers previous approaches to Stephen’s speech, and then analyzes the speech as an act of persuasive political narration. In the end, I argue that Stephen’s audience reacts so violently because of the particular kind of national narrative that Stephen tells about the people of Israel.
Luke-Acts:Political Biography/Historyunder Rome. On Gender and Ethnicity
Authors: Balch David L.
Published: April 2020

In the Hellenistic-Roman world, both philosophical schools (Platonists) and ethnic groups (Romans, Athenians, Judeans) were committed to the authority of founder figures. Dionysius, Josephus, and Luke included biographies of their founders (Romulus, Moses, Jesus) within their historical works. Luke-Acts also acculturated Roman politics: 1) Luke narrated the official leadership of early Pauline assemblies exclusively by males, not narrating earlier leadership by women (Junia, Euodia, Syntyche). 2) Luke gave Jesus an inaugural address “to declare God’s age open and welcome to all [nations]” (Luke 4:19 quoting Isa 61:2), urging Luke’s auditors to become multiethnic. Peter instituted this crossing of ethnic boundaries in Judea (Acts 10) and Paul “accepted all” in Rome (Acts 28:30), the concluding sentence of the two volumes.
КУЛЬТУРНО-ІСТОРИЧНА ТЕОРІЯ ТА МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ Л. С. ВИГОТСЬКОГО
Authors: Папуча Микола , Наконечна Марія
Published: April 2020

У статті доводиться, що Л. С. Виготський створив нову, справжню методологію, застосування якої дало змогу отримати і, головне, проінтерпретувати абсолютно нові  й дуже важливі наукові факти. Аналізуються методологічні основи та вимоги до психологічних досліджень. Історико-генетичний погляд як на будь-яке психологічне  явище, так і на психологію особистості в цілому, є першою методологічною вимогою будь-якого психологічного дослідження. Друга вимога стосується самого аналізу (тлумачення) наукових фактів. Оскільки предмет дослідження (будь-яке психічне явище) існує в дійсності виключно в рамках цілісності, аналіз, щоб бути науковим і об’єктивним, мусить не втрачати цю цілісність. По-третє, головна причина редукції в сучасній психології полягає в тому, що реальні дослідження часто «зсуваються» з власне психологічного предмету. Наступним методологічним положенням є необхідність спеціального психологічного аналізу артефактів. Л. С. Виготський з’ясував і довів, що психічне детермінується пси­хіч­ним, адже потреби й мотиви – суто психічні явища. Інші речі – соціальне, духовне, біологічне, – безумовно, вступають у взаємодію з потребами, але самі ніколи не детермінують їх. Це є дійсно психологічна де­термінація – вплив цілого (психіки) на всі її складові частини. Істотною умовою тут виступає присвоєння культурного досвіду, опосередковане взаємодією з іншими людьми. Наголошується, що культурно-історична психологія особливим чином досліджує допомагальну взаємодію дорослого і дитини. У про­соціальному плані – плані винесеного зовні, інтерпсихічного функціонування – вперше з’являється вища психічна функція, що переходить потім у внутрішній, згорнутий, інтрапсихічний план.
Features of local immunity in women with endometriosis and genital infection
Authors: Zaynetdinova L. F. , Telesheva L. F. , Koryaushkina A. V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. External genital endometriosis is an inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease characterized by implantation and proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, accompanied by increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, prostaglandins, components of the complement, hydrolytic enzymes, increased angiogenesis and anomalies of ectopic endometrium. According to implantation theory, external genital endometriosis develops from viable endometrial cells transferred retrogradely through the fallopian tubes to the abdominal cavity during menstruation, while a disturbed local immunity is an important factor in its pathogenesis. Genital pathogens may be involved in the formation of the immune environment of the peritoneal cavity in women with endometriosis.Purpose. To study the peculiarities of local immunity in women with external genital endometriosis and genital infection pathogens.Materials and methods. 159 women with external genital endometriosis were examined. The total number of leukocytes, the absolute and relative number of viable cells, counts of neutrophils, macrophages and their functional activity, the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IFNα, IFNγ, TNFα in the peritoneal fluid were evaluated. The study of local immunity was performed in women with endometriosis, stage 1—2 and 3—4, depending on detected genital pathogens. Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp., Mycoplasma genitalium, HSV1,2/CMV, high carcinogenic risk HPV were analyzed by using PCR in samples collected from the endometrium, peritoneal fluid, and endometrioid heterotopies. Statistical processing was performed by using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22.2 statistical analysis software package.Results. In the presence of HPV and Ureaplasma spp. in women with endometriosis, stage 1—2, the decreased functional activity of peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages was found. At 3—4 stage, a correlation analysis revealed that detected HPV and Ureaplasma spp. obtained increased both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the peritoneum. However, the higher activity of Th-2 cells in the peritoneal fluid secreting IL-4 and IL-10 and suppressing cellular immunity, was observed in HPV-positive samples. In addition, HPV also correlated with a decreased IL-2 and IL-4 levels.Conclusions. The most prominent changes in the immunological parameters from peritoneal fluid samples were observed in case of detected genital infection pathogens, particularly HPV. Thus, immune disturbances emerged upon bacterial and viral pathogen detection may contribute to the implantation of endometrial cells in the pelvic organs and disease progression.
El desplazamiento forzado en la jurisprudencia de la corte constitucional colombiana (1991-2003): momento previo a la declaratoria formal del estado de cosas inconstitucional
Authors: Yáñez Meza Diego Armando
Published: April 2020

En el presente artículo de revisión analiza la Jurisprudencia Constitucional que se ha erigido en pilar fundamental, estructurante del Estado Social de Derecho y, en particular, de la solución de los abominables hechos de vida de las personas víctimas del desplazamiento forzado. En el año 2004 a través de la Sentencia T-025, todo un tsunami frente al fenómeno, se declaró un Estado de Cosas Inconstitucional que se nutrió por toda una gama de antecedentes que permiten afi rmar su existencia desde tiempo atrás. El presente estudio se justifi ca en la medida en que se pretende demostrar, más allá de la existencia del daño en sí mismo (el desplazamiento forzado), la particularidad de toda una política pública que tiende a constituirse en desarrollo de ese iter constitucional y de facto, en derechos fundamentales exigibles a través de la pretensión de tutela como proceso procedente y preferente sobre otras acciones constitucionales y legales.
Aziz Antuan Kilisesi’nin mimari açıdan okunabilirliği
Authors: ATICI Elif , İNCEOĞLU Mehmet
Published: April 2020

Toplumsal
bir düzen içerisinde yaşayan insanlar, yaşamını topluluğun getirdiği
birliktelik sistemi içerisinde gerçekleştirmektedir. Birlikteliğin ifadesi olan
toplum, insanların birlikte paylaşımlar yapacağı mekânları ortaya
çıkarmaktadır. Bu mekânlar ise toplumun sahip olduğu kültür tarafından
şekillenerek kullanıcısıyla birlikte zaman içerisinde toplumun bir parçası
haline gelmektedir. Toplumu bir arada tutan ve kültürün de etkisi altında
bulunan unsurlardan biri de din olgusudur. Din, ortak paylaşımda bulunulan mekânları
oluşturmada oldukça etkili olmaktadır. Dini mekânlar, insanların hem kendi
manevi duygularını yaşayabileceği hem de toplumdaki diğer insanlarla birtakım
ortak paylaşımlara imkân sunan bir mekân olarak görülebilir. Mekânı oluşturan
mimari unsurlar, kullanıcısının davranışlarına yön vermektedir. Bu şekilde mekânı
deneyimleme şekli ve paylaşımların biçimleri de değişmiş olacaktır. Hristiyan
dininin mekânı olarak kabul edilen kiliseler de sahip olduğu mimari
üsluplarıyla kullanıcılarında farklı çağrışımlar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Yapının
sahip olduğu mimari üslup yapıya bir karakter kazandırmaktadır. Bu karakter,
kullanıcının tutum ve tavırlarına yön vermektedir. Yapılan çalışma kapsamında,
İstanbul’un birçok kültüre ev sahipliği yaptığı Beyoğlu semtinde bulunan Aziz
Antuan Kilisesi incelenmiştir. Aziz Antuan Kilisesi Gotik mimariye sahip bir
kilise olup hala kullanıma açıktır. Çalışma kapsamında
anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Kilisenin iç ve dış mekânlarına ait görsellerden
oluşan bir anket çalışması mimarlık öğrencileriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Mimarlık öğrencilerine uygulanmasının sebebi; eğitim düzeyi arttıkça yapının
algılanmasında ne gibi değişikliklerin meydana geldiği görmektir. Anket
çalışması sonucunda elde edilen veriler, SPSS (Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences) analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tablolar
halinde ifade edilmiştir.
El status quo y las contramedidas sobre las reliquias de piedra del Templo Putuo Zongcheng en Chengde
Authors: Wu Haijia
Published: April 2020

El Templo Putuo Zongcheng es el templo más grande en los ocho templos exteriores de " Residencia de Montaña de Chengde y Ocho Templos Exteriores". Conserva una gran cantidad de reliquias culturales de piedra y tiene un alto valor histórico, artístico y científico. Bajo la influencia del medio ambiente natural a largo plazo y las actividades de producción humana, estas reliquias culturales de piedra han experimentado enfermedades climáticas en diversos grados, que ponen en peligro la vida de las reliquias culturales y requieren mantenimiento y protección urgente. Es esencial realizar una investigación y análisis sistemáticos y detallados de la enfermedad antes de reparar y proteger estos artefactos de piedra.

 

En mayo de 2007, julio de 2012 y agosto de 2016, fui al Templo Putuo Zongcheng en Chengde tres veces para investigar su estado de conservación. Este documento analiza sistemáticamente los tipos existentes de enfermedades y las causas de estas enfermedades al investigar el estado actual de la preservación de los artefactos de piedra en el Templo Putuo Zongcheng. Las razones principales son factores naturales y ambientales, y proponen contramedidas para mejorar el estado de las reliquias culturales de piedra. Las estadísticas de estas enfermedades pueden proporcionar una investigación y una base teórica para la protección y restauración posteriormente.
Bactérias psicrotróficas e enzimas termorresistentes em leite cru
Authors: Nunes Kleber Barros , Silva Livia Ribeiro da , Silva Sybelle Georgia Mesquita da , Cavalcanti Neto Cícero , Santos Tania Marta Carvalho dos , Montaldo Yamina Coentro
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho isolar e caracterizar bioquimicamente a microbiota psicrotrófica, bem como avaliar seu poder deteriorador no leite cru refrigerado, armazenado em tanques de expansão, individuais e coletivos, de propriedades das regiões Agreste e Sertão do Estado de Alagoas. Foram analisadas amostras de leite coletadas em 23 tanques individuais e 13 coletivos, onde se verificou a presença de bactérias psicrotróficas nos dois tipos de tanques de refrigeração, sendo um total de 105 isolados bacterianos. Foi detectada a predominância de bactérias psicrotróficas gram-negativas 78,09% (82/105), dos gêneros Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Burkholderia, Acinetobacter e Shigella, enquanto que as bactérias gram-positivas foram da ordem de 21,90% dos gêneros Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Micrococcus e Bacillus. Pseudomonas foi o gênero predominante com 43,81%. A grande maioria dos isolados bacterianos demonstrou alto poder de produção de enzimas extracelulares – protease, lipase e/ou lecitinase, evidenciando assim potencial deteriorador do leite e derivados. Estatisticamente não foi significativa a diferença de produção enzimática pelos isolados entre tanques individuais e coletivos, não havendo dependência entre o número de isolados bacterianos produtores de enzimas e o tipo de tanque.
Professor Julius F. Leo – Scientist, Municipal Manager, Politician, and His Economic and Political Views
Authors: Pociecha Józef
Published: April 2020

The subject of the paper is the representation of the life and work of Julius F. Leo, his achievements and scientific opinions in the area of public finance, merits in the field of municipal administration as well as his views and political career. J. F. Leo was one of the outstanding personalities of Cracow in the early 20th century. He was the first President of the Polish Statistical Association founded in Cracow in 1912. He was a prominent lawyer and economist of his time, he worked on problems of public finances as a Professor of tax law and treasury sciences at the Jagiellonian University. During his studies and trips abroad he became acquainted with the issues of economic statistics, the validity of which, he had a great understanding for. A large part of his public activity was associated with the activities of the municipality. Since 1893 he was a councilor of Cracow, in 1901 he became the Vice‑Mayor and then in 1904 (until his death) the Mayor of Cracow. During his time in office he introduced a number of important reforms in the management of the city. J. F. Leo’s life’s work was a significant widening of the city limits, hence he was named “the father of the great Cracow”. Julius F. Leo was an important politician, the leader of the Galician neo‑conservatives. In 1901 he was elected to the Galician Sejm and in the year of 1904 to the Austrian Parliament. His political views have evolved from conservatism to liberalism. In 1912 he became the President of the Polish Circle in the Austrian Parliament. At the outbreak of the First World War he supported creation of Polish Legions by Józef Piłsudski. He was also the head of the Supreme National Committee. However, he did not live long enough to experience the moment of Poland regaining its independence, he died in February 1918.
The Reconstruction of Indonesia's Mangrove Diplomacy
Authors: Robertua Verdinand
Published: April 2020

Indonesia has the largest area of mangrove forest in the world and Indonesia has the responsibility to protect mangrove forest as part of global community in combatting greenhouse gas. However, it is still confusing the strategy in protecting Indonesia’s mangrove forest. Mangrove forest in Indonesia has been degraded rapidly due to government’s plan changing the status of mangrove forest into commercial areas. Mangrove forest has significant economic value for government and local community due to its location and woods. This research aimed to criticize government’s strategy in protecting mangrove by reconstructing Indonesia’s mangrove diplomacy. The research method is case studies of mangrove rehabilitation in Jakarta and Bali. Primary data is obtained using direct observation in Pulau Tidung Kecil, Jakarta and Bali’s mangrove forest park. This research finds that the reconstruction of Indonesia’s mangrove diplomacy need more voice from local governments, eco-business and civil society.  Keywords: Mangrove forest, diplomacy, foreign policy, Indonesia ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki hutan mangrove terluas di dunia dan Indonesia memiliki tanggung jawab untuk melindungi hutan mangrove sebagai bagian dari masyarakat dunia dalam mengatasi masalah gas rumah kaca. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah strategi perlindungan hutan mangrove Indonesia tidak jelas. Hutan mangrove Indonesia mengalami kerusakan sangat cepat akibat dari kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia mengubah status hutan mangrove menjadi area komersial. Hutan mangrove memiliki nilai ekonomi yang strategis bagi masyarakat lokal dan pemerintah. Penelitian ini berusaha mengkritisi strategi pemerintah dalam melindungi hutan mangrove melalui rekonstruksi diplomasi mangrove Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus dengan mengambil studi rehabilitasi mangrove di Jakarta dan Bali. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi langsung di Pulau Tidung Kecil di Jakarta dan hutan mangrove di Bali. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa rekonstruksi diplomasi mangrove Indonesia perlu memerlukan peran lebih besar bagi pemerintahan lokal, bisnis hijau dan masyarakat sipil.Kata-kata kunci: Hutan mangrove, diplomasi, kebijakan luar negeri, Indonesia
La reforma de programas escolares de 1936 en Argentina: prensa pedagógica y Escuela Nueva
Authors: Frechtel Ignacio
Published: April 2020

Neste escrito se analisa na revista La Obra a reforma nos programas escolares do nível inicial em Argentina no ano 1936, como forma de conhecer as discussões no campo pedagógico e com as ideias da Escola Nova. La Obra começou sua publicação em 1921 convertendo-se no dispositivo de difusão de uma parte do movimento escolanovista, fato que possibilitou a conformação de um espaço de sociabilidade pedagógica a partir da qual sustentam posiciones próprias, que inclusive eram opostas em alguns casos as propostas oficiais. O argumento principal é que este grupo escolanovista, ao incrementar seu poder e influencia, motorizou o processo de reforma que conclui em 1936 com a legislação de novos programas que substituem os anteriores do ano 1910.
Development of a method for effective strengthening rolled rebar with diameter of 8 mm of ordinary quality steel in terms of mill 320 SPC-1 at OJSC «BSW – Management Company of the Holding «BMC»
Authors: Kirilenko O. M. , Babkov P. A. , Petrenko M. V. , Rusalenko A. V.
Published: April 2020

The global competition, unstable situation in the world market of rolled metal products, as well as increasing with each day the requirements of consumers of products pose complex tasks for the manufacturer, which must be solved in the shortest possible time. One of these tasks is to expand the range of rebar rolled products in the conditions of the variety rolling shop no. 1 on the continuous small-grade rolling mill 320. Until recently, rolling of reinforcing profiles with a diameter from 10 mm to 40 mm was carried out at the 320 rolling mill. In order to expand the range of rebar products, work was carried out to develop a production technology for profile no. 8 rod fittings with thermal hardening in the mill line for class 500.
Different tamponade effects of intraocular silicone oil and sterilized air after single pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Zhang Siqi , Gao Min , Zhou Hao , Liu Haiyun , Sun Xiaodong
Published: April 2020

Purpose: To investigate different fundus vasculature and structure changes after single pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) following silicone oil (SO) or sterilized air in macular-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) patients. Method: 39 eyes (39 patients) with macular-off RRD underwent standard three-port 23-gauge PPV and intraocular SO or gas tamponade. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and angiography were used to evaluate fundus structure and vasculature including retinal layers thicknesses and vessel density (VD) changes throughout observation for 12 weeks. Retinal layers were segmented into: NFL, GCL+IPL, INL, OPL, ONL+IS, OS+RPE and BRM. Fundus vasculature was segmented into superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, DCP), and choriocapillaris plexus (CCP). Result: For fundus vasculature, SO tamponade led to significant decrease in both SCPVD and DCPVD, while only SCPVD was found significantly decreased in gas tamponade eyes. For specific retinal layer, SO led to significant decrease in NFL and INL thicknesses. OPL, ONL+IS and OS+RPE thicknesses had significant increase in both SO tamponade and gas tamponade eyes. Conclusion: Different intraocular tamponades could have various impacts on retinal vasculature and structure. Compared to sterilized air, silicone oil tamponade could have relatively more negative effects on retinal vasculature and specific retinal layer thickness change.
Therapeutic Potential of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Dopaminergic Progenitors in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Karimi Aliasghar , Elmi Mitra , Shiri Zahra , Baharvand Hossein
Published: April 2020

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-dependent neurodegenerative disease that causes motor and cognitive disabilities. This disease is associated with a loss of dopamine content within the putamen, which stems from the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars Compacta (SNc). Several approved drugs are available that can effectively treat symptoms of PD. However, long-term medical management is often complicated and does not delay or halt disease progression. Alternatively, cell replacement strategies can address these shortcomings and provide dopamine where it is needed. Although using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for treatment of PD is a promising alternative, no consensus in the literature pertains to efficacy concerns of hPSC-based therapy for PD. This systematic review aims to investigate the efficacy of hPSC-derived DA progenitor transplantation to treat PD in preclinical animal models.Methods: This is a systematic review of preclinical studies in animal models of PD. We intend to use the following databases as article sources: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, and SCOPUS without any restrictions on language or publication status for all related articles published until the end of 2019. Rescue of motor deficits is defined as the primary outcome, while histological and imaging data comprise the secondary outcomes. Two independent reviewers will select the titles and abstracts, extract data from qualifying studies, and assess the risk of bias by using the SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool and the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) checklist. The standardized mean difference (SMD) will be calculated to determine the efficacy of the treatment, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The heterogeneity between studies will be calculated by "I2 inconsistency of values and Cochran's Q statistical test", where I2 > 50% and/or p < 0.10 suggest high heterogeneity. Meta-analyses of random effects will be run when appropriate.Discussion: This study will present an overview of preclinical research on hPSCs and their therapeutic effects in PD animal models. This systematic review will point out the strengths and limitations of studies in the current literature while encouraging the funding of new studies by public health managers and governmental bodies.
Serum cyfra21-1 associated with biological aggressiveness and poor prognosis in male patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder.
Authors: Liang Haitao , Ye Yunlin , Lin Zhu , Ma Zikun , Tan Lei , Xiao Kanghua , Qin Zike
Published: April 2020

Background : To assess the prognostic value of preoperative serum cyfra21-1 in male patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder treated with radical cystectomy.Methods: Patients underwent radical cystectomy from 2009-2018 at our center were retrospectively analyzed and 267 male patients met our criterions. The median follow-up was 34 months. The serum level of cyfra21-1 was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were divided into two groups (cyfra21-1≤3.30ng/ml and cyfra21-1>3.30 ng/ml). Clinical significance of cyfra21-1 level was assessed.Results: Of the 267 patients, 110 (41.2%) had normal cyfra21-1, while 157 (58.8%) had elevated serum cyfra21-1. The prevalence of lymph node involvement, locally advanced stage (≥ pT3), tumor stages, tumor size and papillary were significantly higher in patients with elevated cyfra21-1 than in those with normal cyfra21-1. Patients with high cyfra21-1 showed worse Disease free survival and Overall survival than those with low cyfra21-1 ( P = 0.001 and 0.007, respectively). In multivariate analysis, High cyfra21-1, lymph node involvement, lymphovascular invasion and papillary were independent predictors of worse Disease free survival ( P = 0.036, <0.001, 0.002, 0.014 respectively). High cyfra21-1, lymph node involvement and lymphovascular invasion were also confirmed as independent predictors of worse Overall survival ( P = 0.038, 0.010, 0.005, respectively.)Conclusions: Elevated cyfra21-1 was associated with greater biological aggressiveness and worse prognosis than normal cyfra21-1.
Repurposing naproxen as a potential antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lagzian Milad , Valadan Reza , Saeedi Majid , Roozbeh Fatemeh , Hedayatizadeh-Omran Akbar , Amanlou Massoud , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza
Published: April 2020

The Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in late 2019 in China and many other countries around the world necessitate immediate action to develop new drugs against the virus. Repurposing of existing drugs for new targets is a fast, safe and unexpansive approach for this goal. Studies have shown that naproxen could specifically interact with the RNA binding domain of nueclporteins of RNA viruses such as the influenza virus. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the binding properties of naproxen to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. 3D structure of N and C terminal domains of SARS-CoV- 2 nucleocapsid were constructed and each were docked with naproxen and analyzed during 100 ns of molecular dynamics. The results showed that naproxen interacts with the N terminal domain of the nucleocapsid via two salt bridges with Arg 88 and 92 and a network of h-bonds. Molecular dynamics analysis was also revealed that all the coordinations of naproxen with N terminal domain were kept during 100 ns of simulation time. The results of this study provide insights how naproxen can specifically interact with the conserved RNA binding module of the nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 that would inhibit the packaging of viral genome into capsid and virus assembly. Therefore we recommend evaluating the antiviral effects of naproxen against SARS-CoV-2 in in vitro studies and clinical trials.
3D-структуры на основе восстановленного оксида графита и наночастиц золота и их сорбционные свойства
Authors: Еремина Е. А. , Добровольский А. А. , Лемеш И. А. , Еремин В. В. , Григорьева А. В. , Гудилин Е. А.
Published: April 2020

Описано получение гидро- и аэрогелей на основе восстановленного оксида графита и наночастиц золота, полученных методом Туркевича. Наночастицы золота, согласно данным просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, имеют сферическую форму и средний размер 16–18 нм. Для характеризации полученных 3D-структур использована сорбция растворов красителя метиленового голубого. Проведено сравнение сорбционных свойств гидро- и аэрогелей, показано, что аэрогель сорбирует более эффективно (>80%), чем композит на основе гидрогеля (~50%). Сформированная пористая 3D-структура аэрогеля эффективно сорбирует молекулы красителя, а наночастицы золота, входящие в состав аэрогеля, способствуют его разрушению под воздействием видимого света. Сорбция красителя аэрогелем чистого оксида графита проходит с наибольшей эффективностью при комнатной температуре, в нейтральной среде и без использования дополнительных восстановителей. Введение в аэрогели наночастиц золота позволяет увеличить эффективность сорбции на 15%.
Плотность свободных электронных состояний полупроводниковых пленок молекул нафталина и дифенилфталида, модифицированных электроактивными функциональными группами
Authors: Комолов А.С. , Лазнева Э.Ф. , Герасимова Н.Б. , Барамыгин А.В. , Соболев В.С. , Пшеничнюк С.А. , Асфандиаров Н.Л. , Крайкин В.А. , Handke B.
Published: April 2020

The results on comparing the peak structure of the density of unoccupied electronic states (DOUS) of ultrathin films of naphthalene anhydride-1,4,5,8-teracabonic acid (NTCDA) and naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (NDCA) and of two types of phthalide-based films: 3,3-bis (phenyl) phthalide (DPP) and 3,3-bis (phenyl) phthalide-4 ′, 4′-dicarboxylic acid (DPP-DCA) are presented. The measurements of the structure of the unoccupied electronic states in the energy range from 5 eV to 20 eV above the Fermi level of the films studied having thickness of 8–10 nm were conducted using the total current spectroscopy (TCS) technique. Analysis of the experimental results was conducted using the model total current spectra and DOUS dependences generated using the calculated orbital energies of the studied molecules by means of the density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The difference in the DOUS spectra of NTCDA and NDCA films is characterized by the shift of the main DOUS maxima of the NTCDA film to lower energies by about 1 eV at energies less than 12.5 eV, and at higher energies the DOUS maxima are shifted by 1.5-2 eV. The energy positions of the maxima of the total current spectra of the DPP-DCA and DPP films practically do not change when using various substrates: highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and layer-by-layer deposited CdS. The relative intensities of the maxima differ when using different substrates. The characteristic shift of the maxima of the total current spectra of DPP-DCA films is about 1 eV at energies less than 12.5 eV above the Fermi level and 1.5-2 eV and at higher energies, compared with the position of the corresponding maxima of the DPP films.
Исследование внутренних напряжений в несущей ленте-подложке из нержавеющей стали AISI 310S для ВТСП проводов второго поколения методом нейтронной стресс-дифрактометрии
Authors: Карпов И.Д. , Иродова А.В. , Круглов В.С. , Шавкин С.В. , Эм В.Т.
Published: April 2020

The method of neutron stress diffractometry has been used to study a distribution of residual stresses in the stainless steel AISI 310S ribbon, of 100 μm thick and 4 mm wide, in three directions – along, across and perpendicular to rolling plane. The residual macro stresses averaged over the ribbon length of 40 cm are determined. The longitudinal, transverse and normal macro stresses are respectively –71±21 MPa, –31±16 MPa, and –11±16 MPa on one edge of the ribbon and +30±19 MPa, +64±16 MPa, and +30±16 MPa on the other edge. Such distribution of macro stresses compressing the ribbon on one edge and stretching it on the other edge is inherent for so-called crescent-shaped deformation of the ribbon – its bending in rolling plane along rolling direction. A correlation between the macro stresses magnitude and the micro stresses presence has been observed – the stronger macro stresses the higher concentration of micro stresses.
IDENTIFICATION OF DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH UPPER ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN TEBET SUBDISTRICT HEALTH CENTER
Authors: PUSPITASARI ATIKA WAHYU , SERUNI OLYVA CESSARI LARAS , NADHILAH LINA
Published: April 2020

Objective: Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is common and has the highest death rate in children, especially in growing countries such asIndonesia. The aim of the research is to identify drug-related problems (DRPs) in pediatric ARTI patients based on the DRP classification by Cipolle,Strand, and Morley, which included categories such as unnecessary drug therapy, need additional therapy, ineffective drug, dosage adjustments suchas too low or too high, and adverse drug reaction which is drug interaction.Methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional and descriptive with a retrospective method. The sample of the study was the overall prescriptionsto upper respiratory tract infection patients in Tebet Subdistrict Health Center from July to December 2018 that fulfilled all of the inclusion criteria,using the total sampling method. Total samples that were analyzed were from 179 sheets of prescription with a total of 498 prescriptions.Results: The results of the research based on each parameter were inaccurate drug selection (9.5%), inaccurate indication (12.8%), mismatched dose(79.9%), and drug interaction (0.6%).Conclusion: DRPs in ARTI pediatric patients resulted in a high-risk condition so that the health facilities need to improve their prescribing pattern andmonitor and manage each therapy as well as do a routine prescription assessment to minimize the incidence of DRPs and achieve a rational drug usage.
EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC USE IN 2018 AT THE KEBAYORAN BARU PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, INDONESIA, USING THE ANATOMICAL THERAPEUTIC CHEMICAL/DEFINED DAILY DOSE METHOD
Authors: KUSUMAWARDANI LARASATI ARRUM , PUSPITASARI ATIKA WAHYU , WIDYANTARI VANNISA NABILLA
Published: April 2020

Objective: The abnormally high use of antibiotics can indicate irrational prescribing. One of the ways by which to support rationally prescribingantibiotics is by evaluating their frequency of use. This study aimed to evaluate the use of antibiotics in 2018 by outpatients at the Kebayoran BaruPrimary Health Care of Indonesia.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional and descriptive design. Data were collected retrospectively from sampling outpatient records. The data wereon oral antibiotics prescribed in 2018 at Kebayoran Baru Primary Health Care. There were 10,553 prescriptions for oral antibiotics used as the studysamples. Both quantitative and qualitative evaluations were conducted. The quantitative evaluations were conducted using the method recommendedby the World Health Organization, namely, the anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose (DDD), and the qualitative evaluations wereconducted using the 90% drug utilization (DU 90%) method and the suitability of antibiotic use with the list of drugs in the Indonesian nationalformulary for the first-level health facilities (FKTP).Results: Three of the antibiotics used most often were amoxicillin at 0.9358 DDD/1000 inhabitants/d, ciprofloxacin at 0.4940 DDD/1000inhabitants/d, and cefadroxil at 0.1983 DDD/1000 inhabitants/d. The drugs within the DU 90% segment were amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefadroxil,and thiamphenicol. There was 70% compatibility of antibiotic use with Indonesian national formulary for the FKTP.Conclusion: We suggest that the use of antibiotics at Kebayoran Baru Primary Health Care tended to be on the high side and not in accordance withnational guidelines.
EDUCAÇÃO E GOVERNO: do nascimento ao desenvolvimento da sala de aula
Authors: Senem Thamires
Published: April 2020

ResenhaDUSSEL, Inés; CARUSO, Marcelo. A invenção da sala de aula: uma genealogia das formas de ensinar. São Paulo: Moderna, 2003. 255p., il. (Educação em pauta). Tradução de: La invención del aula.
(Un)Settling the West Bank of Israel/Palestine: the anthropology of citizenship in "no man's land"
Authors: Enav-Weintraub Yarden B.
Published: April 2020

This paper answers Yael Navaro-Yashin's (2003) call for ethnographic research of "no man's land(s)", and to the ethnographic challenge she poses in her call for anthropologists to "sense the political" in such territories. The paper is based on my fieldwork in an Israeli college in the "West Bank" of Israel/Palestine and deals with the ambiguous political status of this geo-political territory. The paper analyses the "West Bank" of Israel/Palestine as a (political) "no man's land" and attempts to "sense the political" there, with special emphasis on the changing status of Israeli citizenship in the "West Bank". In the end, the paper also suggests that anthropologists should pay more attention to the possibility that citizenship in a "normal" (nation-)state becomes the new locus where people today negotiate ideas about the political.
Pendekatan Dramaturgi pada Penampilan Manajemen Impresi Abang None Jakarta
Authors: Putra Muhammad F.S. , Akbari Taufan T. , Christy Rossi A.
Published: April 2020

Sebagai Abang dan None Jakarta, setiap individu harus memiliki karakter-karakter Duta Pariwisata yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perbedaan penampilan Abang None Jakarta Selatan di depan panggung dengan kehidupan aslinya di belakang panggung, termasuk tantangan yang dihadapi dan strategi yang digunakan. Menghubungkan teori interaksi simbolik dan pendekatan dramaturgi serta konsep mengenai diri terutama dalam mengelola impresi, penelitian dilakukan terhadap dua pasang pemenang Abang None dan dua pasang Finalis Abang None Jakarta Selatan di tahun 2017 dan 2018 melalui metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi serta triangulasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa panggung depan Abang dan None merupakan hasil dari pengembangan karakter asli yang dimiliki di belakang panggung. Setiap individu dilengkapi dengan sikap dan kostum sebagai pendukung penampilannya sebagai Abang dan None di depan panggung. Sedangkan panggung belakang menjadi tempat terdapatnya kepribadian karakter dan tantangan diri yang tidak ditampilkan. Strategi pengelolaan impresi yang tepat akan mendukung penampilan setiap individu pada saat memerankan Abang dan None sebagai Duta Pariwisata.
OS LIMITES PARA O EXERCÍCIO DO DIREITO À LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO CASO MARIA DO ROSÁRIO X DANILO GENTILI
Authors: Tito Bianca P. F. Beraldo Borges de San’t Ana , Alem Mello Ferreira Rafael
Published: April 2020

A condenação a pena de seis meses e vinte e oito dias de detenção, a serem cumpridos inicialmente em regime semiaberto, do humorista Danilo Gentili por injuriar a deputada federal Maria do Rosário Nunes (PT-RS), oferece a oportunidade de discussão acerca da liberdade de expressão. No que tange este caso em particular, busca-se analisar os limites existentes para o exercício do direito de se expressar de forma livre, previsto constitucionalmente e em outros dispositivos, tendo em vista a previsão do artigo 140 do Código Penal, que estabelece como crime o ato de injuriar alguém, ofendendo a sua dignidade ou decoro. Diante disto, a pesquisa aborda os fatos que deram origem a queixa-crime ajuizada pela deputada federal em face do humorista, bem como os argumentos que levaram a juíza a decidir pela condenação do réu. Em seguida é analisado o conceito de liberdade de expressão, tanto de sua previsão constitucional quanto em demais dispositivos, realizando ainda uma abordagem deste direito a partir da ótica do autor norte-americano Ronald Dworkin. Sendo, por fim, observado se as atitudes do humorista estão abrangidas pela liberdade de expressão ou ultrapassam o seu limite de proteção. Com isto, nas considerações finais entende-se que não houve excesso por parte de Gentili do uso deste direito, posto que estava a realizar uma crítica, ainda que através de atos polêmicos e reprováveis do ponto de vista de alguns, não devendo, desta forma, ser censurado por utilizar-se do seu direito de fala.