bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new case of false “wide” distribution for tropical cladocerans: the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Old World
Authors: NERETINA ANNA N. , KOTOV ALEXEY A. , VAN DAMME KAY
Published: June 2019

Members of the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Cladocera: Chydoridae: Aloninae) are small-sized chydorids, inhabiting tropical water bodies around the World. Based on morphological features two species, N. globulosa (Daday, 1898) and N. pseudomacronyx Van Damme, Maiphae & Sa-Ardrit, 2013, were revealed in tropical Asia, but the status of African populations has remained unclear for a long time. Some authors identified African specimens as N. globulosa, others considered them as potentially new species awaiting description. Here we reexamined morphology of Notoalona populations from tropical Asia (Thailand, Laos) and Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and Madagascar). Although parthenogenetic females from Asia and Africa are basically similar, a single stable difference was found. In N. globulosa, the length of the basal spine and claw base are almost equal to each other, while in all investigated African specimens the basal spine is two times longer than base of postabdominal claw. This feature allows us to identify African populations as N. pseudomacronyx. Length of the setules in the basal group near the postabdominal basal spine, which was previously discussed in the literature as a specific feature for African populations, in fact, is overly variable and cannot be considered as diagnostic characteristic for the description of African populations as a separate taxon. Thus, the distribution range of N. pseudomacronyx is hereby expanded from South Africa to South East Asia, while N. globulosa s.l. occupies water bodies from tropical Asia to Australia. The same distribution patterns, when sibling species occur together in tropical Asia, have been shown for some other cladocerans as well. No doubt, the Asian tropics may be a particularly interesting area for future investigations on co-occurrence of sibling cladocerans, their ecology, behavior, genetics and potential hybridization.
Programmable Release of Berberine Chloride Hydrate from Shape Memory Fibers Prepared from Core-Sheath Wet-Spinning Technology
Authors: Tang Jiamin , Zhao Ruifang , Yin Xueqian , Wen Ya , Shi Yidong , Zhu Puxin , Chen Zheng , Zeng Rong , Tan Lin
Published: June 2019

Smart wet-spun fibers for highly programmable release of therapeutic drug have been rarely reported. Herein, thermalresponsive composite fibers were successfully prepared by core-sheath wet-spinning technology in present study. They consisted of a model drug of natural antibacterial
berberine chloride hydrate (BCH) and a drug carrier of temperature responsive shape memory polyurethane (SMPU). The obtained composite fibers featured with well-controlled microscopic morphologies, exhibiting significantly enhanced thermal stability and superb mechanical properties. In
vitro drug release test and corresponding release kinetics study were performed for investigation of BCH's release behavior. Results demonstrated that the release behaviors of BCH from the core-sheath fibers were pH-dependent, influenced by both diffusion from pore channels and the solubility
of BCH in the release mediums, and BCH imbedded only in core part showed a longer release period compared with that in both core and sheath parts of the composite fibers. More importantly, the release rate of BCH can be simply controlled by changing the initial shapes of fibers through stretching
and fixation of the stretched deformations. Furthermore, the antibacterial durability of the smart composites fibers was demonstrated and tracked according to the growth inhibition against both negative E. coli and positive S. aureus bacteria strains. All these results suggest
that the developed composite fibers can be promising candidates as smart drug delivery vehicles for highly adjustable doses of target drugs towards practical applications.
A Music Educator’s Guide to Saving the Planet
Authors: Shevock Daniel J. , Bates Vincent C.
Published: June 2019

As music educators, we always teach much more than the musical concepts and skills outlined in music curriculum standards. In this article, we discuss how music teachers can address what we believe is the most pressing issue of our time: environmental degradation. We first outline some specifics of ecological literacy in music education. This will include discussion of some songs that could form the center of a music curriculum for increasing ecological literacy. Next, we discuss cultivating ecological literacy using local musical practices and sounds of nature. Finally, we share an example of soundscape pedagogy aimed at increasing awareness of and propensities to care for the natural environment and ecological diversity. These components, singing, songwriting, and soundscape composition, are recommended as part of an overall creative pedagogical approach.
Developing and Implementing Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Criteria for Selecting Traffic Control for Unsignalized Intersections
Authors: Hawkins H. Gene , Fitzpatrick Kay , Brewer Marcus A.
Published: June 2019

The 2009 United States Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes guidance for the use of various types of traffic control at unsignalized intersections. Despite changes and advances in traffic engineering in recent decades, the MUTCD content related to selection of traffic control in Part 2B has seen only minor changes since 1971. The types of unsignalized traffic control addressed in the current research included no control, yield control, two-way stop control, and all-way stop control. The research team developed recommendations using information available from reviews of existing literature, policies, guidelines, and findings from an economic analysis along with the engineering judgment of the research team and panel. The researchers then developed recommended language for the next edition of the MUTCD for unsignalized intersections. This includes consideration of high-speed (rural) and low-speed (urban) conditions along with the number of legs at the intersection. Because the number of expected crashes at an intersection is a function of the number of legs, the decision on appropriate traffic control should also be sensitive to the number of legs present. The proposed language includes introductory general considerations, discusses alternatives to changing right-of-way control, and steps through the various forms of unsignalized control from least restrictive to most restrictive, beginning with no control and concluding with all-way stop control.
Can Virtually Trying on Apparel Help in Selecting the Correct Size?
Authors: Hernández Niina , Mattila Heikki , Berglin Lena
Published: June 2019

Close to 30% of garments bought online are returned, often due to issues of fit. These issues often relate to size selection, which is challenging without physically trying on a garment. Alternative methods need to be explored to select the best size in lieu of physically trying apparel on. To address this issue, we compare the size selections based on primary measurements and size charts, virtual garments, and real garments. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was carried out in an experimental setting. The participants (36, predominantly White females, aged 21–56) made size selections and evaluations based on virtual and real blouses and trousers. Selecting the size based on virtual garments is more accurate than size selection based on primary measurements and size charts, scoring 57% and 42%, respectively. Further research should be used to improve the virtual fitting room, with benefits such as fewer returns and more satisfied customers.
Customer Equity Drivers, Customer Experience Quality, and Customer Profitability in Banking Services: The Moderating Role of Social Influence
Authors: Gao Lily (Xuehui) , Melero-Polo Iguácel , Sese F. Javier
Published: June 2019

Financial service organizations are increasingly interested in ways to improve the service experience quality for customers, while customers progressively perceive the commoditization of banking services. This is no easy task, as factors outside the control of the service firm can influence customers’ perceptions of their experience. This study builds on the customer equity framework to understand the linkages between what the firm does (customer equity drivers: value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity), the social environment (social influence), the customer experience quality, and its ultimate impact on profitability. Using perceptual and transactional data for a sample of customers of financial services, we demonstrate the central role played by factors under the control of the firm (value, brand, and relationship equity) and those outside its control (social influence) in shaping customers’ perceptions of the quality of their experience. We offer new insights into the moderating role of social influence in the linkages between the customer equity drivers and the customer experience quality. The managerial takeaway is that the impact of customer equity drivers on the customer experience quality is contingent on the influence exerted by other people and that enhancing customer experience quality can be a way to increase monetary returns.
Socio-clinical variables affecting the level of self-care in elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Prochota Barbara , Szwamel Katarzyna , Uchmanowicz Izabella
Published: June 2019

Background:

Promoting self-care is the cornerstone of heart failure management. The number of hospitalizations and unscheduled visits could be reduced in elderly patients with heart failure by the patients’ active involvement in self-care.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to measure the level of self-care in elderly patients with heart failure, to examine the influence of socio-clinical variables on the level of self-care, and identify the socio-clinical variables that are predictors of self-care.

Methods:

The study included 100 heart failure patients (48 female, 52 male) aged between 60 and 88 years, treated at the Oleśno Health Care Center (Poland). The European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale-9 and Mini-Mental State Examination were used.

Results:

The total classic European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale-9 score was 22.76 points (standard deviation=8.49), and the standardised European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale-9 score was 61.78 (standard deviation=23.59). Patients who were in a relationship, did not take digoxin or diuretics, were in New York Heart Association classes I and II, and had normal scores or cognitive impairment in the Mini-Mental State Examination, had significantly higher levels of self-care. Self-care was also correlated with patient age ( rs=−0.36, p<0.001) and left ventricle ejection fraction ( rs=0.23, p=0.019). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that only the New York Heart Association class has a significant impact on European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale-9 scores. Compared to classes I and II, New York Heart Association class IV decreases the standardised European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale-9 score by a mean of 23.60 points.

Conclusions:

Intensified self-care education should be provided to patients living alone, taking digoxin and diuretics, suffering from moderate dementia, and classified in New York Heart Association class IV. These patients may require specific educational strategies to gain the knowledge required for effective self-care.
Perceptions of COPD patients of the proposed withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids prescribed outside guidelines: A qualitative study
Authors: Gilworth Gill , Harries Timothy , Corrigan Chris , Thomas Mike , White Patrick
Published: June 2019

Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines support the prescription of fixed combination inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists in symptomatic COPD patients with frequent or severe exacerbations, with the aim of preventing them. ICS are frequently also prescribed to COPD patients with mild or moderate airflow limitation, outside guidelines, with the risk of unwanted effects. No investigation to date has addressed the views of these milder COPD patients on ICS withdrawal. The objective is to assess the views of COPD patients with mild or moderate airflow limitation on the staged withdrawal of ICS prescribed outside guidelines. One-to-one semi-structured qualitative interviews exploring COPD patients’ views about ICS use and their attitudes to proposed de-prescription were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was completed. Seventeen eligible COPD patients were interviewed. Many participants were not aware they were using an ICS. None was aware that prevention of exacerbations was the indication for ICS therapy or the risk of associated side effects. Some were unconcerned by what they perceived as low individual risk. Others expressed fears of worsening symptoms on withdrawal. Most with mild or moderate airflow limitation would have been willing to attempt withdrawal or titration to a lower dosage of ICS if advised by their clinician, particularly if a reasoned explanation were offered. Attitudes in this study to discontinuing ICS use varied. Knowledge of the drug itself, the indications for its prescription in COPD and potential for side effects, was scant. The proposed withdrawal of ICS is likely to be challenging and requires detailed conversations between patients and respiratory healthcare professionals.
The EEG Ictal–Interictal Continuum—A Metabolic Roar But a Whimper of a Functional Outcome
Authors: Lee Jong Woo
Published: June 2019

[Box: see text]
‘Descending into hell’: Tazmamart, civic activism and the politics of memory in contemporary Morocco
Authors: Menin Laura
Published: June 2019

In the aftermath of two unsuccessful military coups (1971 and 1972) against Morocco’s King Hassan II (1961–1999), 58 officials and soldiers were disappeared for 18 years into what was then the secret prison of Tazmamart. Eventually released in 1991, some of the prisoners, who survived madness, illness and death, have been bearing public witness to the atrocities taking place in this desert prison. Concentrating, in particular, on the questions of place and ‘emplacement’ of the memory of Tazmamart, in this article, I explore the many enactments of memory by which survivors have challenged the state-imposed politics of silence and oblivion, and which today continue to counter the official narrative of democratic transition. Tracing memory’s transformative potential, I show that survivors’ orientation towards the past, but also, crucially, towards the present and future makes memory a vital site of collective agency and political imagination.
Charcot arthropathy of the diabetic foot in a sub‐Saharan tertiary hospital: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wanzou Jean Paul Vwakya , Sekimpi Patrick , Komagum Johnson Owonda , Nakwagala Frederick , Mwaka Erisa Sabakaki
Published: June 2019

Background

Charcot foot arthropathy is a potentially limb‐threatening condition that leads to progressive destruction of the bones and joints in the neuropathic foot. One of its main causes is diabetes mellitus whose prevalence is steadily increasing. The acute phase is often misdiagnosed thus leading to foot deformity, ulceration and increased risk of amputation. There is a paucity of literature on this condition from sub‐Saharan Africa. This study aimed at determining the extent of Charcot foot arthropathy, the radiological patterns of Charcot foot arthropathy and patient's factors associated with Charcot foot arthropathy among adult patients with longstanding diabetes in an African setting.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study that was carried at a national referral and university teaching hospital in Kampala, Uganda. One hundred patients with longstanding diabetes mellitus were consecutively recruited. Patients with a history of having diabetes mellitus for at least seven years since diagnosis were considered to have a longstanding disease. Clinical assessment of both feet was done. Weight‐bearing radiographs of the selected foot were taken and evaluated using the Sanders and Frykberg and modified Eichenholtz classifications. A blood sample was taken for glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and student t‐test.

Results

The proportion of Charcot foot arthropathy among patients with longstanding diabetes was 12% of which one‐third (4 out of 12) were acute cases. Fifty percent of the lesions were in the forefoot and 50% in the midfoot. Seventeen percent of lesions were at the inflammatory stage of the modified Eichenholtz classification, 50% at the developmental stage, 25% at the healing stage, and 8% at the remodelling stage. An abnormal foot radiograph was significantly associated with Charcot foot arthropathy among patients with longstanding diabetes.

Conclusion

Charcot foot arthropathy is fairly common in patients with longstanding diabetes mellitus in these settings with one third of patients presenting in the early acute phase. An abnormal weight‐bearing radiograph was an associated factor of Charcot foot arthropathy among this specific group of patients. To reduce on the morbidity and limb threatening sequelae of this condition, clinicians are therefore advised to routinely examine the feet of patients with diabetes and send those with suspicious signs and symptoms for radiographic assessment.
Self-Regulation in the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Exposure of Children and Adolescents to Erectile Dysfunction Commercials
Authors: Arnold Denis G. , Oakley James L.
Published: June 2019

Context: Spending on direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) for prescription pharmaceuticals has risen to record levels, five times as much as in 1996 in inflation-adjusted dollars. Major health care provider organizations have called for additional regulation of DTCA. These organizations argue that the negative impact of such advertising outweighs the informational value claimed by the pharmaceutical industry. The industry maintains that further restrictions on DTCA are not warranted because it is successfully self-regulating via “guiding principles” for DTCA as certified by firm executives.

Methods: The authors measured recent industry spending on DTCA and used regression models of Nielsen Monitor-Plus data to assess pharmaceutical firm self-regulation after the public disclosure of noncompliance with industry self-regulatory principles, specifically regarding the exposure of children and adolescents to broadcast advertisements for erectile dysfunction drugs.

Findings: Public disclosure of noncompliance with self-regulatory DTCA standards did not bring advertising into compliance. Results demonstrate that firms failed to meet the industry standard during every quarter of the six-year period of this study.

Conclusions: Results support previous research findings that pharmaceutical self-regulation is a deceptive blocking strategy rather than a means for the industry to police itself. Policy recommendations include broadcast restrictions on adult content and deincentivizing DTCA via tax reform.
Synthesis of Isoxazolidines by Intramolecular Hydroamination of N-Alkoxyamides in the Presence of a Visible-Light Photoredox Catalyst
Authors: Ishizuka Hayate , Adachi Kanna , Odagi Minami , Nagasawa Kazuo
Published: June 2019

N-Acyl isoxazolidines were obtained in moderate to good yields by intramolecular hydroamination of N-alkoxyamides in the presence of a ruthenium photocatalyst. In this reaction, the N-alkoxyamide anion generated by deprotonation undergoes photocatalyzed single-electron-transfer (SET) oxidation to generate the corresponding radical, which cyclizes to afford the isoxazolidine ring. Notably, this method was applicable to a macrocyclic substrate, affording the corresponding 12-membered macrocycle-containing product.
MDCT prior to median re-sternotomy in cardiovascular surgery: our experiences, infrequent findings and the crucial role of radiological report
Authors: Valente Tullio , Bocchini Giorgio , Rossi Giovanni , Sica Giacomo , Davison Hannah , Scaglione Mariano
Published: June 2019

Resternotomy (RS) is a common occurrence in cardiac surgical practice. It is associated with an increased risk of injury to old conduits, cardiac structures, catastrophic hemorrhage and subsequent high morbidity and mortality rate in the operating room or during the recovery period. To mitigate this risk, we evaluated the role of multidetector CT (MDCT) in planning repeat cardiac surgery.

We evaluated sternal compartment abnormalities, sternal/ascending aorta distance, pre-reoperative assessment of the aorta (wall, diameters, lumen, valve), sternal/right ventricle distance, diaphragm insertion, pericardium and cardiac chambers, sternal/innominate vein distance, connection of the grafts to the predicted median sternotomy cut, graft patency and anatomic course, possible aortic cannulation and cross-clamping sites and additional non-cardiovascular significant findings.

Based on the MDCT findings, surgeons employed tailored operative strategies, including no-touch technique, clamping strategy and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) via peripheral cannulation assisted resternotomy. Our experience suggests that MDCT provides information which contributes to the safety of re-operative heart surgery reducing operative mortality and adverse outcomes. The radiologist must be aware of potential surgical options, including in the report any findings relevant to possible resternotomy complications.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in A term newborn: atypical radiographic and ct appearances
Authors: Raissaki Maria , Modatsou Emanouella , Hatzidaki Eleftheria
Published: June 2019

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the term newborn is relatively rare. We aim to emphasize the significance of Radiographic and CT features of spontaneous pneumomediastinum. We present an otherwise healthy 4-hour-old male, born by a caesarean section, presenting with sudden bulging of the left hemithorax and moderate respiratory distress. Chest radiography revealed an atypical unilateral lobular lucency distorting the mediastinum. CT scan showed an air collection with a multilobular upper border, containing thin straight and curvilinear septa. All segmental bronchi were identifiable. Limited scanning in decubitus position confirmed displacement of thymus and mediastinal air. Following conservative treatment, radiographic findings and symptoms resolved. Pneumomediastinum in neonates, unlike adults, loculates and does not dissect around broncho-vascular structures. Internal septa represent fascia surrounding the thymus. Thymic elevation and absence of lung abnormality constitute helpful imaging findings in support of spontaneous pneumomediastinum so that unnecessary and potentially harmful thoracotomy or chest tube placement are confidently avoided.
Czy przekładoznawstwo to nauka oparta na solidnym fundamencie?
Authors: Kubaszczyk Joanna
Published: June 2019

Are Translation Studies a Field of Study Based on a Solid Foundation? Hypothesising about the Principles of Translation Studies

In every field of study, there are some fundamental assumptions, laws or certainties. What is the situation in translation studies? Do the existing translational theories, which subsume very different theoretical and methodological approaches, offer a common denominator for not always convergent, and sometimes even openly contradictory, theoretical proposals of particular researchers? On the other hand, perhaps there are some translational assumptions and laws which all theoreticians, or at least the majority of them, would admit to be acceptable? The article attempts to create a catalogue of principles which seem to be fundamental for translation studies.
Origem fenomenológica e degeneração ontológica
Authors: Barroso Gabriel Lago de Sousa
Published: June 2019

Este artigo expõe duas teses sobre a fenomenologia: i) a fenomenologia em Husserl e Heidegger tem de ser compreendida como uma investigação sobre a origem ou a gênese. Há um conceito fenomenológico de origem que se diferencia do conceito metafísico que caracteriza a tradição filosófica; ii) a fenomenologia heideggeriana apresenta uma distinção essencial em relação à filosofia de Husserl, pois compreende a origem fenomenológica conjuntamente com um movimento de degeneração ontológica. Ao final, indica-se como essa relação entre origem e degeneração repercute sobre a compreensão de Heidegger acerca da linguagem filosófica.This paper presents two theses on phenomenology: i) phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger should be understood as an investigation concerning origin or genesis. There is a phenomenological concept of origin that differs from the metaphysical concept which characterizes the philosophical tradition; ii) Heideggerian phenomenology presents an essential distinction in relation to Husserl's philosophy, since it understands the phenomenological origin together with a movement of ontological degeneration. In the end, we point out how this relation between origin and degeneration has a repercussion on Heidegger's understanding of philosophical language.
Hypertension − an update for the dental (sedation) team
Authors: Leader Ross , Thayer Tom , Maher Bridget , Bell Chris
Published: June 2019

Hypertension is the commonest risk factor contributing to the global burden of disease. Public Health England estimates that, in England, 24% of the population are hypertensive, with 40% possibly undiagnosed. With this in mind, dentists, in particular those undertaking sedation, are in a perfect position to screen for high blood pressure and refer on for further detailed assessment. This paper outlines when a referral to the General Medical Practitioner (GP) should be considered, when sedation should be deferred and how hypertension is diagnosed and managed in primary care based on the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)/British Hypertension Society (BHS) guidelines.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The purpose of this article is to update General Dental Practitioners (GDPs), including those who practise IV Midazolam sedation, on how patients who present with suspected hypertension are managed by their GP. Consideration is given to what blood pressures are deemed safe to sedate and what blood pressures should be referred for further assessment, even if considered safe to sedate.
A guide to implant dentistry part 2: surgical and prosthodontic considerations
Authors: Chatzistavrianou Despoina , Wilson Paul HR , Taylor Philip
Published: June 2019

Implant rehabilitation is a successful treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth, but careful treatment planning, restoratively-driven implant placement and individualized maintenance are prerequisites for success in order to control and minimize technical and biologic complications. The first part of the series focused on new patient assessment and pre-operative planning. The second part of the series will discuss the surgical and prosthodontic considerations and maintenance of implant-supported restorations.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To provide the dental practitioner with an evidence-based overview regarding treatment planning, surgical and prosthodontic considerations and maintenance of implant-supported restorations.
Facial palsy: aetiology, diagnosis and management
Authors: McKernon Sarah , House Ayisha Davies , Balmer Colette
Published: June 2019

Facial nerve palsy is the most frequently occurring cranial neuropathy reported to affect 1 in 60 people during their lifetime. An important step in examining these patients, is establishing whether the palsy is caused by an upper or lower motor neurone. Of the many potential aetiologies, Bell's palsy is the most frequently occurring lower motor neurone lesion. The prognosis for this is good, with approximately 85% of patients making a full recovery within three weeks. The aims of this article are to review the appropriate anatomy, potential causes of facial nerve palsy and describe a recommended assessment and management strategy for these patients.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To inform readers of the variety of causes of facial nerve palsy and present the evidence-based management.
A novel approach to problem-based learning in a paramedicine programme
Authors: Mitchell Nicole , Ebbs Phillip , Burbidge Samantha
Published: June 2019

Background:

Many paramedicine, nursing and medicine programmes use problem-based learning (PBL) to help bridge the gap between clinical theory and real-world practice.

Aim:

This paper describes a novel approach to PBL that has been used in a large, university-based paramedicine programme.

Methods:

Over a 3-year period, an applied pharmacology tutorial was progressively redesigned by a cross-disciplinary team of practising paramedic, pharmacy and educational design academics.

Findings:

A multi-space approach to PBL is described in six stages.

Discussion:

The pedagogical basis of the approach is examined. Strategies used within this subject are recommended for further evaluation and consideration.
Reflections on the Researcher-in-Residence model co-producing knowledge for action in an Integrated Care Organisation: a mixed methods case study using an impact survey and field notes
Authors: Gradinger Felix , Elston Julian , Asthana Sheena , Martin Susan , Byng Richard
Published: June 2019

Background / aims / objectives

‘Embedded’ approaches to knowledge mobilisation are gaining currency, as health and social care services come under increasing pressure to redesign services now rather than wait for research. One such approach is the ‘Researcher-in-Residence’ (RiR) model which seeks to co-produce knowledge for action. The aim of this paper is to extend the evidence base regarding mechanisms of impact.

Methods

A two-year mixed-method case study of the experience and impact of two part-time RiRs, embedded within an Integrated Care Organisation to support the implementation of new models of care. Data included the results of an anonymous impact survey sent to 80 key stakeholders, field notes of meetings (n=112), and observations of naturally occurring events (n=68).

Findings

Impacts were identified in relation to use of co-produced evidence, capacity building, changes in ways of working, and to a lesser degree changes in operations or strategy. Impact involved learning which was mediated by three non-linear, non-predictable, positive and negative feedback cycles (expectations, access, learning/ improvement). A mixture of technical skills, personal attributes and behaviours were identified as key to this mediation.

Discussion/conclusion

The RiR model promises a timely, applied and transferable research model that contributes to the development, evaluation and adaptation of innovations that seek to integrate services where the evidence base is weak and uncertain. However, the model is not without challenges. These could be addressed by flexibility of research design and funding, and adequately supporting and developing key attributes of RiRs.
Television in hiding: Early television sets in Finland
Authors: Mäkikalli Maija
Published: June 2019

The article examines early television sets in Finland as material objects manufactured and consumed during the first decades of television broadcasting in the country – the 1950s and 1960s. The study discusses the feelings and attitudes of educated and ‘culture-conscious’ people regarding the new medium as well as the ideals associated with technology and decorating the home, in particular the living room. Of particular interest are television models with doors. Their production ceased by the early 1970s, prompting the question: how can we explain this phenomenon which lasted a mere ten to fifteen years?
Phenotypic parameters affecting reproduction and production performances of dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, Mali
Authors: Toure Abdoulaye , Antoine-Moussiaux Nicolas , Geda Fikremariam , Kouriba Ali , Traore Diakaridia , Traore Bakary , Leroy Pascal , Moula Nassim
Published: June 2019

Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the reproduction and production performances of crossbred and local dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, the capital of Mali. Materials and Methods: A total of 17 randomly selected households with 450 dairy cattle from four peri-urban of Bamako were individually interviewed, given register format and divided into four focus group discussions. The participants were dairy farmers and they were asked to know the phenotype that seems to them the more interesting for the reproduction and production performances of their dairy cattle. Results: The calving interval (CI) obtained exceeded 433 days in all phenotypic types with average milk yields of 5.13±1.84 kg/day, 4.76±2.41, and 3.05±1.32 kg/day, respectively, for the Holstein crossbred, Montbeliard crossbred, and the local breeds (Zebu Peul and/or Zebu Maure). Crossbred was more productive than local breeds with significant (p<0.05) differences for lactation length, CI and total production and not significant on parity. The results also showed the advantages of the crossbred cows in terms of CI (460±80 days) compared to local zebus breeds (433±115 days) to keep the time of milking as long as possible. However, the Zebu Azawak breed whose cradle is located in Northern Mali, managed under extensive peri-urban rearing conditions, has less favorable production parameters than those of other local cattle breeds in milk production (636±43.3 kg vs. 681±41.1 kg). Conclusion: The present study revealed that crossbred dairy cattle performed better in terms of CI, lactation length, and production compared to the local breeds. The study also showed that the local Azawak breed numerically performed less compared to the other local breeds evaluated in this study, namely, Peul and Maure.
Optimal planting density for cut Lilium and tuberose production
Authors: Ahmad Iftikhar , Naeem Waqas Hassain , Abdullah Bilal
Published: June 2019

Lilium and tuberose are promising geophytic flowers, which have high market demand in global floral markets. A study was conducted to optimize planting densities for cut lilium and tuberose production. Bulbs of Asiatic lily ‘Brunello’ and tuberose ‘Single’ were planted on 7.5 cm, 15.0 cm and 22.5 cm between bulbs while ridge were spaced at 60 cm apart. Lilium bulbs planted at 22.5 cm took 185 d, while tuberose took 101 d to produce flowers as compared to 7.5 cm spacing (173 d and 93 d, respectively). Bulbs of lilium and tuberose planted at 22.5 cm resulted in tallest plants with highest leaf area for both tested species, 69.1 cm and 11.4 cm2 for lilium and 110.6 cm and 30.2 cm2 for tuberose, respectively. Both species had highest number of florets with longer stem/ spike length and stem/spike diameter when planted 22.5 cm apart, while close planting further decrease number of buds/florets and stem/spike length. Similar results were recorded for fresh weight of a stem, while vase life and dry weight of a stem were relatively less affected by plant spacing. However, lilium and tuberose bulbs when planted at 22.5 cm plant spacing produced higher number of best quality stems for market as compared to other planting densities.
Wie unterrichten wir Weltliteratur?
Authors: Lubrich Oliver
Published: June 2019

Weltliteratur, World Literature, ist en vogue an internationalen Universitäten. Aber wie unterrichten wir Literatur in Sprachen, die Dozierende ebenso wie Studierende nicht beherrschen, und aus Kulturen, für die wir nicht kompetent sind? Indem wir ihre AutorInnen selbst einladen. Der Beitrag diskutiert Erfahrungen mit Schriftsteller-Gastprofessuren aus Bern und Berlin.
Intimisierte Öffentlichkeiten
Authors: Wagner Elke
Published: June 2019

Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit unterliegen in Zeiten des Internets einem tiefgreifenden Wandel: Während Privatheit mehr und mehr als gefährdet und vermachtet gilt, verändert sich eine bürgerliche Öffentlichkeit im Netz zusehends - Pöbeleien, Shitstorms oder Candystorms haben in Teilen den rationalen Diskurs ersetzt. Spezifische Schreibpraktiken und Symbolsysteme (Emoticons, Memes) transformieren die Praxis der Kommunikation. Elke Wagner nimmt diese aktuelle Diskussion auf und analysiert die neu entstandenen intimisierten Öffentlichkeiten im Social Web.
Unwissenschaftlich, unphilosophisch, unkritisch?
Authors: Vogelmann Frieder
Published: June 2019

Zeitdiagnosen tragen ein spezifisches Wissen vor: ein Wissen darüber, was »heute« und »für uns« spezifisch ist. Damit treten sie in Konkurrenz zu anderen Formen des Wissens mit ähnlichen Ansprüchen, allen voran soziologischem und philosophischem Wissen. Denn zumindest ein Teil der Soziologie stellt sich die Aufgabe, »uns« darüber aufzuklären, in welcher Gesellschaft »wir« »heute« leben. Und zumindest zwei wichtige Traditionen der (Sozial-)Philosophie reklamieren für sich, »ihre« Zeit in Gedanken zu fassen (Hegel) oder eine Diagnose der Gegenwart zu erstellen (Foucault). Im Spiegel der Abgrenzungsbemühungen dieser Disziplinen zu »bloßen Zeitdiagnosen« lassen sich, so werde ich argumentieren, die drei konstitutiven Operationen zeitdiagnostischen Wissens herausarbeiten: isolieren, generalisieren und signifizieren.
Die Unterweisung des Blicks
Authors: Teutenberg Tobias
Published: June 2019

Um 1800 entstand im deutschsprachigen Raum ein neues, von der Forschung bislang nicht als solches beschriebenes visuelles Regime, das die Sehgewohnheiten von Wissenschaftlern und Künstlern bis in die Moderne hinein prägte. Tobias Teutenberg zeigt: Die Ursprünge dieses Regimes liegen in der Anschauungs- und Zeichenpädagogik, wo Didaktiker wie Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi auf mathematischer Grundlage normative Methoden zur Systematisierung des Sehens entwickelten. Durch Publikationen und Adlaten verbreitete sich der pädagogischer Wahrnehmungsstil weiträumig. Er fand nicht nur Eingang in die Bildungssysteme der Zeit, sondern auch in die Kunstgeschichte, Psychologie und bildende Kunst.
Refeudalización
Authors: Kaltmeier Olaf
Published: June 2019

En las sociedades contemporáneas constatamos un estado de desigualdad social como en el viejo régimen: la acumulación de la riqueza en el 1% de la población, multimillonarios como presidentes, el aumento en el consumo de lujo, el surgimiento de una cultura de distinción, así como la concentración de la tierra y la segregación espacial. Para comprender estos fenómenos en un marco interpretativo coherente, este ensayo plantea la hipótesis de que en el temprano siglo XXI vivimos una nueva combinación de refeudalización a nivel global, pero con rasgos regionales específicos. En América Latina este concepto es particularmente útil para entender el regreso de la derecha al poder después de una época de gobiernos de izquierda.
Das Amorphe im Medialen
Authors: Valenti Cecilia
Published: June 2019

Spätestens seit Anfang der 2000er Jahre boomen Studien zu Qualitätsserien - diese verbleiben jedoch meist auf der inhaltlichen Ebene. Medienphilosophische Fragen werden ausgeklammert, sodass eine Theorie des Fernsehens bis heute Desiderat bleibt. Cecilia Valenti leistet an dieser Stelle einen Beitrag zum Denken des Fernsehens, indem sie sich auf eines der eigenartigsten Formate der TV-Geschichte konzentriert: die italienische Sendung Blob. Sie arbeitet heraus, wie sich das Amorphe im Titel des Formats mit einer televisuellen Ästhetik verknüpft, die aus filmischer Montage politisches Potential schöpft und dabei zeigt, dass Medien erst in der Relation mit anderen Medien erscheinen.
Die ukrainische Avantgarde zwischen Ost und West
Authors: Faber Vera
Published: June 2019

Charkiw in der Ukraine war in den 1920er-Jahren ein aktives Zentrum der Avantgarde, das mehrfach an Peripherien gelegen war: Räumlich abseits der Machtzentren und zeitlich in der letzten Phase der Avantgarde positioniert, differierten auch die künstlerischen Praktiken des Panfuturismus und des Konstruktiven Dynamismus von tonangebenden Erscheinungen. So wurden etwa in der späten Phase der Avantgarde überholte Konzepte der Abstraktion mit funktionalistischen Ansätzen vereint. Die Formationen Nova Generacija (1927-1931) und Avanhard (1925-1929) mit Mychajl' Semenko und Valerijan Poliscuk an der Spitze interagierten dabei rege mit den Avantgarden in Ost und West. Vera Faber analysiert nun erstmals umfassend die dabei zum Einsatz kommenden polemischen Praktiken der Aus-, Ab- und Eingrenzung - anhand von Programmtexten und literarischen sowie künstlerischen Arbeiten.
»Wahlfreiheit« erwerbstätiger Mütter und Väter?
Authors: Menke Katrin
Published: June 2019

Der deutsche Wohlfahrtsstaat hat sich gewandelt - und mit ihm seine Familienpolitik. Doch die vordergründigen Fortschritte und Gleichstellungsgewinne erreichen nicht alle Mütter und Väter gleichermaßen: Zentral für die »Wahlfreiheit« von Eltern bei der Gestaltung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit ist und bleibt ihre soziale Positionierung nach Geschlecht, Klasse und Ethnizität. Dies zeigen qualitative Interviews mit Müttern und Vätern mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund sowie in unterschiedlichen Beschäftigtengruppen, die exemplarisch im deutschen Krankenhaussektor geführt wurden. Durch die Verknüpfung einer intersektionalen Perspektive mit Wohlfahrtsstaatenforschung zeigt Katrin Menkes Studie, wie soziale Ungleichheiten zwischen Müttern und Vätern gegenwärtig (re-)produziert und legitimiert werden. Dabei fällt auf: statt als Sorgetragende werden Mütter und Väter von der Familien- und Sozialpolitik primär als Wirtschaftssubjekte adressiert.
Ökotourismus in Mexiko
Authors: Walther Saskia
Published: June 2019

Ökotourismus als ein »Zurück zur Natur« ist nicht nur Sache der Tourist_innen, sondern betrifft speziell auch die bereisten indigenen Gemeinschaften. Am Beispiel eines gemeindebasierten Ökotourismusprojekts im südlichen Mexiko zeigt Saskia Walther, wie sich eine Gemeinde globale Diskurse um indigene Naturverbundenheit zu Nutze macht. Dabei folgt sie der Frage, welche Wirkmacht der Ökotourismus vor Ort entfaltet, und zeigt anhand ihres Konzeptes von »Naturen«, wie eng die soziale und die natürliche Umwelt miteinander verbunden sind. So bedingt der neue Umgang mit der Natur Veränderungen im sozialen Gefüge der Dorfgemeinschaft, in den Geschlechterbeziehungen, den translokalen Zugehörigkeiten und der territorialen Wahrnehmung.
Kultur produzieren
Authors: Zobl Elke , Klaus Elisabeth , Moser Anita , Baumgartinger Persson Perry
Published: June 2019

Was bedeutet Kultur produzieren? Inwiefern spielen künstlerische Produktionen in der kulturellen Bedeutungsproduktion eine Rolle? Und wie können kulturelle Veränderungen hin zu einer partizipativen Kultur, die gesellschaftliche Mitbestimmung ermöglicht, angestoßen werden? Diese Fragen verhandeln die Autor_innen des Bandes auf Grundlage eines offenen Kulturverständnisses im Sinne der Cultural Studies. Sie erläutern zentrale theoretische Konzepte und zeigen an Beispielen aus verschiedenen Projekten, wie eine Verbindung zwischen zeitgenössischer Kunst als kritischer kultureller Praxis und der Lebenswelt der Menschen hergestellt werden kann.
Soziale Beschleunigung in nicht-westlichen Gesellschaften
Authors: Poorsafir Hassan
Published: June 2019

Hartmut Rosa nimmt mit seiner Theorie von Beschleunigung und Entfremdung vor allem hoch entwickelte westliche Gesellschaften in den Blick. Doch inwiefern lassen sich seine Überlegungen auch auf andere Gesellschaften übertragen? Welche beschleunigenden und entschleunigenden Kräfte kann es hier geben, was sind ihre Funktionen und was ihre Konsequenzen? Hassan Poorsafir stellt diese Fragen am Beispiel des Iran. Ausgehend von einer sozialhistorischen Analyse der iranischen Gesellschaft ab dem 19. Jahrhundert untersucht er die sozialen, wirtschaftlichen und politischen Verhältnisse des Landes im dynamischen Wechselspiel von Be- und Entschleunigung - und liefert damit eine spannende Erweiterung der Rosa'schen Theorie.
Bauregelwerke und Baukultur
Authors: Lu San-Hwan
Published: June 2019

Bauregelwerke prägen formgebend die uns umgebende, gebaute Umwelt. Sie sind Ausdruck der Baukultur und damit des Selbstverständnisses und der Weltanschauung einer Gesellschaft. Doch in den letzten Jahren wird der Diskurs zunehmend von einem Gefühl der Überregulierung geprägt. Widerstand richtet sich gegen die steigende Zahl bautechnischer Normen, die zu einem drastischen Anstieg des Planungsaufwandes und der Baukosten geführt hat. Was läuft also schief? Mit einem kulturvergleichenden Blick auf die Situation in den USA liefert San-Hwan Lu ein aufschlussreiches Bild über die Hintergründe und Folgen einer Verlagerung von Regulierungskompetenzen in den privaten Bereich.
Utopie und Politik
Authors: Maahs Ina-Maria
Published: June 2019

Das aktuelle realpolitische Agieren ist durch Alternativlosigkeit und eine beständige Fortsetzung des Status quo geprägt. Während sich die Gesellschaft technologisch und ökonomisch immer schneller entwickelt, fehlt es an Innovationen im politischen Bereich. Gleichzeitig finden politische Utopien als Medien von Zeitkritik und alternativen Lösungsvorschlägen für gesellschaftliche Missstände in der politischen wie politikwissenschaftlichen Debatte wenig Beachtung. Ina-Maria Maahs zeigt jedoch: Utopisches Denken als Denken in Möglichkeiten existiert auch heute und offeriert bislang ungenutztes Potenzial für eine kreative Politikgestaltung, die innovativ, nachhaltig und gemeinwohlorientiert ist.
Friends of Fe y Alegría in the United States: construyendo puentes de solidaridad
Authors: Meyer Erika
Published: June 2019

La iniciativa, Friends of Fe y Alegría in the United States, nació en 2014, con el objetivo de involucrar a individuos y entidades en los Estados Unidos en la misión educativa de Fe y Alegría. Compartimos los retos y aprendizajes en nuestros esfuerzos por promover la ciudadanía global y dinamizar oportunidades de colaboración con el movimiento internacional.
Jóvenes españoles entre dos siglos (1984-2017)
Authors: López-Ruiz José A.
Published: June 2019

Este artículo ofrece una síntesis de los principales hallazgos del último informe sobre los jóvenes españoles de la Fundación Santa María/Observatorio de la Juventud en Iberoamérica, publicado a finales del año 2017. Los datos de la última encuesta son comparados con los de anteriores informes, remontando en algunos casos hasta el primero de ellos, que data del año 1984.
The Yellow Vests in France
Authors: Paye Jean-Claude
Published: June 2019

The Yellow Vests (gilets jaunes) movement first appeared in October 2018 and is active everywhere in France. As this article was written, the spontaneous mobilization was in its twenty-first week. The demonstrations are mainly organized around traffic circles, where protesters block transportation lines. While their concrete demands are about wages, these demands are not presented by workers' actions aimed at defending the value of labor power, but rather as part of a citizens' movement, as referred to by the media and many of the demonstrators. In this way, the site of political confrontation has been shifted.
Didáctica de las lenguas y educación bi/plurilingüe: algunos retos para la EIB
Authors: García Azkoaga Ines María
Published: June 2019

Al hilo de los resultados de un reciente estudio sobre las capacidades bilingües en shipibo y español de alumnos escolarizados en una escuela de educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) de Perú, en este artículo se abordan algunas de los interrogantes que plantea el funcionamiento de la EIB. Se aborda ese tema desde la óptica de las lenguas minorizadas y su lugar en una educación plurilingüe y contrasta los pasos dados por la EIB peruana con la experiencia de revitalización de una lengua minoritaria europea (euskera o vasco) fijándose en los efectos del uso de las lenguas vehiculares en la escuela. Desde un enfoque comunicativo de las lenguas que tiene el bi/plurilingüismo como finalidad, el trabajo incide en los retos que tiene la educación plurilingüe para optimizar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las lenguas en contacto y reflexiona sobre la importancia de evaluar con rigurosidad tanto el desarrollo de las capacidades bilingües de los alumnos como los resultados de un modelo educativo como la EIB y sus efectos en la revitalización lingüística. Concluye subrayando la necesidad de fomentar las actitudes positivas hacia la diversidad lingüística y cultural, así como la de elaborar herramientas didácticas y promover experiencias piloto que contribuyan al desarrollo de la EIB.