bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction modelling the financial distress using corporate governance indicators in Indonesia
Authors: Yusra Irdha , Bahtera Novyandri Taufik
Published: July 2021

We examine whether the indicators of company governance procedures are associated with the risk of bankruptcy or financial distress in Indonesia. An empirical study we conducted using a causal model of corporate governance indicators in forecasting financial distress. The data used in this study is panel data. Using samples from assembling companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2017-2019 period, we obtained as many as 105 observations selected by the purposive sampling method. Our results indicate that financial distress can be predicted by corporate governance mechanisms, although statistically it is only proven by a few indicators in our study. Specifically, our results demonstrate that institutional ownership, managerial ownership, and independent commissioners do not affect financial distress. Furthermore, our study shows evidence of a significant influence between the size of the board of directors and audit committee on financial distress. Our interpretation is that research on financial distress prediction models using corporate governance indicators has provided empirical evidence.
Manajemen rantai pasokan dan implementasi sistem enterprise resources planning terhadap kinerja organisasi
Authors: Linda Muthia Roza , Fauzi Akhyar
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain management and the implementation of enterprise resource planning on organizational performance. The population and sample used in this study was employees of PT. Semen Padang is involved in the supply chain management process and runs an enterprise resource planning system. Data was collected through distributing questionnaires and data processing was carried out through SPSS 16.0 software. The results of this study indicate that supply chain management has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of enterprise resource planning on organizational performance has a significant positive effect on organizational performance.Keywords: Enterprise resource planning, supply chain management, organizational performance
Mapping maleficia: The borders of witchcraft and a woman’s world through the with trials of Zug, Switzerland, 1737-1738
Authors:   , Larsen Aaron
Published: July 2021

This thesis argues that the witch trial of Zug, Switzerland, held between August of 1737 and January of 1738 provides a window into the world and spatial conceptualizations of lower status Catholic women living in eighteenth-century Switzerland. Through the examination of the accounts of the accused, the realities and fantasies held by these women are laid bare in the narratives of witchcraft they constructed, informing their interactions with the world around them. The marginal spaces of the Canton of Zug and the broader Swiss context were the backdrop to localized and broader diabolical concepts of witchcraft. Geographic information systems (GIS) databases and maps of the accused’s worlds as demonstrated through the trial record were created, allowing for the visualization of the records. These maps demonstrate that the boundaries of these women’s worlds were intrinsically tied to their regional Catholic identities, forming the basis of their interactions with the world around them.
PSYCHOLOGICAL INHIBITORS OF INTELLIGENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors: Chernozhuk Yuri , Uzun Irina
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical research aimed at studying the psychological inhibitors of intelligence of students who will work as teachers in the future. Analysis of the literature on the topic allowed to clarify the content of the main psychological phenomena being studied, to choose parameters that represent intelligence at the formal-dynamic and content-personal levels, as well as psychological properties that can hypothetically inhibit the intelligence of future teachers. Correlation analysis proved: 1) the complex and ambiguous nature of the relationships between the parameters under study; 2) the negative nature of the relationship of a number of indicators of general and social intelligence with indicators of anxiety and aggression, and positive one with indicators of conflict resilience; 3) only indicators of the style "field-dependence/field-independence" have significant negative links with hypothetical inhibitors of intelligence (indicator of personal anxiety) among a number of cognitive-stylistic indicators. Based on the purpose and research tasks, 6 groups of future teachers were created. The first group includes subjects with a low level of anxiety (LA) - 10 people, the second one with a high level of anxiety (HA) - 10 people, the third group - with a low level of aggression - 10 people (LA), the fourth - with a high level of aggression (HA) - 10 people, the fifth group - subjects with a high level of conflict resistance (HC), the sixth - with a low (LC). By means of the qualitative analysis the information on individual-typical features of intelligence of persons with various levels of the specified properties was received, their comparison was carried out. Future teachers with high anxiety, high aggression, low conflict resistance are inferior to colleagues with opposite characteristics in a number of parameters of general and social intelligence. As shown by the results of observations and conversations with these subjects, this leads to significant problems in their professional development, creates for them certain difficulties in various spheres of life. Qualitative analysis has shown that anxiety, aggression and conflict resilience can act as inhibitors of intelligence. However, firstly, it depends on their severity (high anxiety, high aggression and low conflict resistance can act as inhibitors) and secondly, if anxiety acts as an inhibitor, both at the cognitive-stylistic and content-personal levels of intelligence, aggression and conflict resistance act only on the latter one. In addition, their influence affects social intelligence and, unlike anxiety, does not extend to general intelligence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCEFULNESS OF STUDENT YOUTH UNDER CONDITIONS OF QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Kazanzhy Mariia
Published: July 2021

The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has dramatically transformed people's lives: habitual things, living and working conditions have changed. It has mostly effected the spheres of activity that were completely or partially switched to a remote format. So, it is especially important now to identify those resources that allow participants in the educational process to function effectively, namely - students, because their adhering to the self-isolation regime required an obligatory intensive constant presence in the digital information environment. Thus, the aim of the article was to identify the psychological resources of students, their individual psychological characteristics and transformations during quarantine restrictions. There was used a complex of theoretical and empirical research methods, in particular "Questionnaire of psychological resourcefulness of personality" (O. S. Shtepa) and "Test-questionnaire of facilitative potential of personality" (M. Y. Kazanzhy). Correlation analysis was conducted based on the results of measuring these psychological features in 200 students of the State Institution "South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky". A comparison of the resourcefulness of individuals before the pandemic and about a year after its beginning was made with the participation of 138 subjects. According to the results of correlation analysis, a close positive relationship between the parameters of facilitative potential and psychological resourcefulness was revealed. The comparison of psychological resources with the help of which students adapt to new conditions and carry out educational activities showed that the parameters of the actualizing component of students' facilitative potential remain virtually unchanged, and the requirement-motivational component even increases, which is associated with unrealized potential under quarantine restrictions. The severity of facilitation resources decreased significantly, indicating that knowledge, skills and abilities to influence others require constant use / training for effective detection. It is established that psychological resourcefulness has changed during the period of quarantine restrictions, such resources as self-realization in the profession, selfconfidence, success have decreased especially significantly. The study has proved that knowledge of one's own psychologi-cal resources, the ability to update and accommodate them is the first thing to pay attention to in the context of provid-ing psychological assistance to students due to the current social constraints. Increasing work on oneself was insufficient to compensate the psychological resources used by the individual in this situation, so it is necessary to develop new techniques and mechanisms for their enrichment.
A survey of topics related to Functional Analysis and Applied Sciences
Authors: Huet Denise
Published: July 2021

This survey is the result of investigations suggested by recent publications on functional analysis and applied sciences. It contains short accounts of the above theories not usually combined in a single document and completes the work of D. Huet 2017. The main topics which are dealt with involve spectrum and pseudospectra of partial differential equations, Steklov eigenproblems, harmonic Bergman spaces, rotation number and homeomorphisms of the circle, spectral flow, homogenization. Applications to different types of natural sciences such as echosystems, biology, elasticity, electromagnetisme, quantum mechanics, are also presented. It aims to be a useful tool for advanced students in mathematics and applied sciences.
APUNTES SOBRE POBRERAS
Authors: Casado Pérez Demetrio
Published: July 2021

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ENTREVISTA CON JIM STOCKARD
Authors: Stockard Jim
Published: July 2021

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Micropropagation of some Onobrychis species through in vitro shoot regeneration
Authors: Uzun Satı , YÜKSELGÜNGÖR Duran
Published: July 2021

Onobrychis species have an extensive spread in Turkey and adapted to various environmental conditions. In this study, it was aimed to propagate with tissue culture methods of endemic Onobrychis fallax Freyn & Sint. ex Freyn var. longifolia Aktoklu, Onobrychis stenostachya subsp. sosnowskyi, Onobrychis elata Boiss. & Balansa and worldwide commonly cultivated Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. species. For this purpose, cotyledon node explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing various concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ) or meta-Topolin (mT) alone or in combination with 0.5 mg L–1 NAA. Significant variations in number of shoots per explant was observed depending on the species and growth regulators. The greatest number of shoots per explant was obtained from 1.2 mg L–1 TDZ treatments in O. stenostachya, O. fallax and O. elata and from 0.3 mg L–1 TDZ treatments in O. viciifolia, whereby 10.58, 9.50, 5.5, 6.42 shoots were recorded. Resultant shoots were rooted in half strength MS nutrient media containing 1 or 2 mg L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The rooting ratio was 86.11% in O. viciifolia, 50.00% in O. stenostachya and 36.11% in O. fallax and O. elata.
Analysis of risk factors associated with complications following mandibulectomy and maxillectomy in dogs
Authors: Cray Megan , Selmic Laura E. , Kindra Cameron , Abrams Brittany , Story Ashton , Hovis Kaitlan , Wustefeld-Janssens Brandan , Park Karen , Grimes Janet A. , Oblak Michelle , Chen Carolyn , Casale Sue , Rollins Amanda , Kennedy Katie , Wilson Jordan , Culp William T. N. , Wavreille Vincent A.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

To provide information about complication rates and the risk factors for complications with mandibulectomy and maxillectomy procedures in dogs.

ANIMALS

459 client-owned dogs that underwent a mandibulectomy or maxillectomy between January 1, 2007, and January 1, 2018.

PROCEDURES

Inclusion criteria included a complete medical record that contained an anesthesia record, surgical report, available histopathology results, and results of CBC and serum biochemical analysis before surgery. A minimum follow-up of 90 days after surgery was required.

RESULTS

271 complications occurred in 171 of 459 (37.3%) dogs. Eighteen complications were not given a severity description. Of the remaining 253 complications, most were considered minor (157/253 [62.1%]). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that only increased surgical time had a significant (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.54) association with the occurrence of ≥ 1 complication. For each additional hour of surgery, the odds of complications increased by 36%. Preoperative radiation therapy or chemotherapy increased the odds of incisional dehiscence or oral fistula formation (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.3 to 7.2). Additionally, undergoing maxillectomy, compared with mandibulectomy, increased the odds of incisional dehiscence or oral fistula formation (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.1). Two hundred forty-four of 271 (90.0%) complications occurred in the perioperative period (0 to 3 months after surgery).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Compared with mandibulectomy, performing maxillectomy increased the risk for incisional dehiscence or oral fistula formation. Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy had a moderate risk for a complication.
Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Ibuprofen Matrix Tablets Using Starch from Maize Genotypes as Polymer
Authors: Bakre Lateef Gbenga , Akinyele Emmanuel , Bamiro Oluyemisi , Adeleye Olutayo , Kunle Olobayo
Published: July 2021

Objective: Maize plants have been genetically engineered to produce genotypes with agriculturally desirable traits such as high starch content, pest resistance and increased nutritional value. Maize starch has been widely used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. This study aims to produce sustained release ibuprofen tablets using starch obtained from different maize genotypes as polymers. Methods: Ibuprofen matrix tablets were prepared with the starches isolated from the maize genotypes and the unmodified plant. The mechanical properties of the tablets were evaluated using the crushing strength (CS), friability (FR) and CSFR. A 32 factorial design was applied using the time taken for 50 % (T50) and 90 % (T90) drug release as dependent variables while the polymer-drug ratio and polymer types were the independent variables. Results: The CSFR was significantly higher (p<0.05) in tablets formulated with the starches obtained from the modified cultivars. Drug release for all the formulations fitted the Higuchi model while the mechanism of release was generally by super case transport. The polymer-drug ratio and polymer type strongly interacted to increase the dissolution times (T50 and T90) and CSFR. Starches isolated from the genetically modified cultivars provided a more sustained release of ibuprofen from the tablet matrix through erosion and polymer relaxation. Conclusion: The results indicate that the genetic modification of maize can quantitatively affect the drug release modifying effects of maize starch in drug formulation.
The Importance of Leadership Development and Self-Development within the Organization
Authors: Zisu Mihai Adrian
Published: July 2021

Leadership being a process of social influence, it is imperative to train true leaders, emotionally intelligent, able to motivate and mobilize people in the organizations they lead, in order to achieve beneficial results for all parties involved: organizations, leaders, disciples. Within the military organization, the military leader must fulfill his mission in theaters of operations, not in the context of the “the end justifies the means”, not by minimizing the human component “ stepping over bodies”, but by exercising effective servant leadership from a multicultural perspective. The leader-subordinate relationship is reciprocal and influences both the performance of the individual and the organizational one. Leadership can be based on a personality trait or can be seen as a behavioral category, being related to motivation, interpersonal behavior and the communication process. Good leadership involves the actual process of delegation, but not before leaders form and train other leaders, as real leadership is exercised “face to face” and trough interaction. The fundamental premise from which we start our approach is that the leader matters, that the people at the top of the hierarchy certainly influence the efficiency of any organization. By setting standards, goals and priorities a leader can bring about changes in daily performance. It can permanently influence the meaning of the evolution of the organization by establishing a strategic vision and formulating long-term objectives.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects Regarding the Cancellation of Abuse Clauses
Authors: Țîrlea Mariana Rodica
Published: July 2021

Interest and commissions are important sources of revenue for credit institutions. Among the causes generating abusive clauses are the interest, interest rates and commissions charged to loans to customers by creditors. Theory and practice have shown that these abusive clauses are unlimited. Effective knowledge of abusive clauses is only one of the customer protection measures. Of course, only their knowledge does not completely solve the problem, but will determine the orientation of creditors in finding more subtle abusive clauses. From a multidisciplinary perspective, the Study is structured in two parts: Part I, follows aspects of concrete identification of the types of sources of abusive clauses on a specified case and Part II materializes in the technical-applicative presentation of the methods used to quantify the differences in the amounts paid by the client in addition, generated by the existence of abusive clauses in the credit agreement he concluded with the creditor. The results of the first part confirm: Hypothesis 1, regarding the existence of abusive clauses in the investigated case; Hypothesis 2, regarding the identification of the sources generating abusive clauses that materialize in the interest rate, interest and bank fees; Hypothesis3, referring to the analytical grouping by types of the sources causing abusive clauses.
The Domaša Reservoir in the Spectrum of Climate Change
Authors: Škvarka Juraj , Bednárová Emília , Miščík Marián , Uhorščák Ľubomír
Published: July 2021

The importance of water reservoirs in the uneven distribution of discharges over time and space does not need to be explicitly justified. There is a more than 6,000-year history of convincing evidence. In Slovakia, the construction of reservoirs can be dated to two periods. The first period was the 18th century, when the construction of water reservoirs was stimulated by the need for water for the mining industry in the vicinity of the town of Bánska Štiavnica. The second period falls into the second half of the 20th century. The construction of reservoirs was initiated by the post-war period, including the need to increase society’s standard of living, the electrification of the region, the development of industry and agriculture, flood protection, etc. Reservoirs with multi-annual regulations have an essential position in the types of water reservoirs. While small water reservoirs and annual or seasonal regulation can regulate flows in a short period, reservoirs with multi-annual regulation can regulate flows over several years. This benefit is evident, especially during periods of extreme hydrological phenomena and short-term aquatic and long-term dry, so-called low water periods. We have illustrated our knowledge of and experience gained from their impact on the flows downstream of the Veľká Domaša dam. We analyzed two time periods, i.e., before and after the year 2000. The influence of extreme hydrological phenomena on the runoff conditions downstream of the dam is presented by statistical processing of the available flow series
Determination of Subgrade Reaction Coefficients and Spring Stiffnesses for a Combined Pile Raft Foundation (CPRF) by Means of a Cluster Analysis
Authors: Kanizsár Szilárd
Published: July 2021

An analysis of combined piled raft foundations could be performed by means of a special geotechnical finite element software that utilizes 3D modeling and advanced constitutive models for the soil. However, a foundation is generally included in the structural models in a structural design program. The least advanced part of finite element software that has been developed for structural FEM modeling are the tools used for modeling behaviour. A method is required with which the input parameters of the structural design software that are used for modeling the soil structure interaction as well could be determined so that the results calculated by means of a geo-technical software that approximates realistic soil behaviour the best can be reproduced by structural design software as well. The procedure outlined in this paper by means of a cluster analysis provides a tool for a substantial and innovative improvement in subsoil modeling, to which not enough attention is generally paid in the structural FEM software, thereby resulting in a reduced amount of work associated with the task of inputting data.
The Reinforcement of Sand by Fibres with a Non-Uniform Shape
Authors: Koudela Pavel , Chalmovský Juraj , Miča Lumír
Published: July 2021

The reinforcement of soil is used to improve its strength and stiffness. The standard method of soil reinforcement is an application of geosynthetics. Soil reinforcement by distributed discrete fibres represents an alternative to those techniques. Currently used fibres have a straight shape, uniform cross-section, and smooth surface, which is not optimal in terms of the fibre-soil interaction. In this study, fibres with a variable shape were utilized. The fibres were fabricated using a fused deposition modelling technology. Firstly, a brief theoretical background is presented. Then, the proposed shapes of the fibres and their manufacturing process are described. The mechanical properties of the soil-fibre composite were investigated through consolidated drained triaxial tests. Well-graded coarse sand and poorly-graded fine sand were used. A higher peak shear strength was observed in the case of fibres with a variable shape. The effect of the variable shape of the fibres on the peak shear strength was higher in the case of the coarse sand.
Is Modern Monetary Theory a Real Solution for All US Economic Problems?
Authors: Chernysheva E. A.
Published: July 2021

Book review: Kelton S. 2020. The Deficit Myth. Sydney: McPhersons Printing Group. 325 p. ISBN 978-1-529-35253-5.
The COVID-19 Pandemic in the Social Teaching of the Roman Catholic Church
Authors: Sardaryan H. T.
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the critical problems of the structure not only of the modern health system but also of the role of the state in managing socio-economic processes, government institutions, and their ability to ensure the safety and well-being of the population in conditions of the practical economic shutdown, self-isolation of citizens and ultra-high mobilization of state administrative resources to ensure a full-scale fight against the spread of the virus. Inherent human rights and freedoms were limited to effectively counter the coronavirus, which would have been difficult to imagine even a few months before the pandemic outbreak. Arguments about the gradual decline of the role of the state in the organization of the management of socio-economic processes against the background of the strengthening of civil society institutions also lost their significance, as only the state was able to organize a centralized mobilization of resources to counter the mass threat to public health. These questions lead to a revision of the traditional axiology of Western society, based on the primacy of individualism and the atomization of society – approaches that the Roman Catholic Church has traditionally opposed, which in its doctrine is based on the concept of the common good. As the world's largest confession, Catholicism retains its influence over a wide range of people in many of the leading countries of the modern West. The church's social doctrine is traditionally perceived, both by Catholics themselves and by various associations of citizens, as an ethical basis for organizing the life of society. The paper analyzes the development of the social doctrine of the Catholic Church after the outbreak of the pandemic in the context of both its perception of the coronavirus itself and the necessary measures to combat it and its position on the post-ovoid structure of the world. The Papal encyclicals, messages, and speeches, which reflect the official position of the Vatican, are of crucial importance. As a possible way to overcome the crisis, the Vatican offers the classic principles for the social teaching of the Catholic Church-solidarity and subsidiarity, which require, on the one hand, the subjectivity of society and the decentralization of power.
DINAMIKA PLURALISME PENGGOLONGAN PENDUDUK DALAM CAPAIAN KEADILAN MENGENAI SURAT KETERANGAN WARIS
Authors: Pratama Sukma Putu Angga
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini mengenai capaian keadilan terhadap pluralisme penggolongan penduduk, dan bentuk keadilan dalam surat keterangan waris terhadap pluralisme penggolongan penduduk. Saat ini bangsa Indonesia sangat terstigma dengan adanya penggolongan kependudukan yang tentunya tidak mencerminkan keadilan dan dapat memecah belah persatuan dan perpecahan ini tentunya mengakar dari adanya inkonsistensi norma yang bertentangan dengan keadilan sosial. Penelitian hukum ini tergolong jenis penelitian hukum normatif karena terfokus pada peraturan yang tertulis terkait dengan konflik norma antara UU Kewarganegaraan  dengan Permen Agraria Tentang Pendaftaran Tanah serta kekosongan norma mengenai kewenangan pejabat dalam pembuatan atau pengesahan atau penguatan surat keterangan waris. Permen Agraria Tentang Pendaftaran Tanah tentunya harus dikesampingkan berdasarkan asas lex superior derogate legi inferiori, serta kedudukan camat  tidak sah dalam penguatan surat keterangan waris. Untuk meluruskan dan menegakan aturan surat keterangan waris diperlukan dua upaya yang tujuannya berdasarkan landasan yuridis sosiologis filosofis dalam mewujudkan kepastian hukum nilai keadilan sosial serta memberikan kemanfaatan dalam pembuktian yang sempurna.

The purpose of this research is about the achievement of justice against pluralism of classification of Indonesian citizens, and the form of justice in a certificate of inheritance against pluralism of classification of Indonesian citizens. Currently the Indonesian nation is very stigmatized by the existence of population classifications which certainly do not reflect justice and can divide unity and divisions, of course, stem from the inconsistency of norms that are contrary to social justice. This legal research is classified as a type of normative legal research because it focuses on written regulations related to the conflict of norms between the Citizenship Law and the Agrarian Ministerial Regulation on Land Registration as well as the vacuum of norms regarding the authority of officials in making or ratifying or strengthening inheritance certificates. The Agrarian Regulation on Land Registration must of course be set aside based on the principle of lex superior derogate legi inferiori, and the position of the camat is not valid in strengthening the certificate of inheritance. To straighten and enforce the rules of the certificate of inheritance, two efforts are needed whose objectives are based on juridical sociological philosophical foundations in realizing legal certainty in the value of social justice and providing benefits in perfect proof.
PROBLEMATIKA PENERAPAN SISTEM KARANTINA WILAYAH DAN PSBB DALAM PENANGGULANGAN COVID-19
Authors: Permadhi Putu Lantika Oka , Sudirga I Made
Published: July 2021

Wabah Covid-19 saat ini sudah menjadi masalah yang sangat serius hampir diseluruh negara di dunia. Pemerintah Indonesia juga sudah menetapkan kondisi kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat terkait pandemi covid-19 dengan mengeluarkan 3 regulasi. Dikeluarkannya regulasi ini sebagai suatu bentuk perlindungan kesehatan untuk masyarakat dari segala penyakit dan/atau dari faktor resiko kesehatan masyarakat yang mempunyai potensi untuk menimbulkan suatu keadaan darurat kesehatan masyarakat dan juga untuk menstabilkan ekonomi negara ditengah pandemi covid-19. penelitian ini membahas mengenai problematika yang ada antara penerapan sistem karantina wilayah dan PSBB dalam penanggulangan covid-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami apa itu Sistem Karantina Wilayah dan Sistem PSBB dalam masa Pandemi Covid-19 serta apa problematika yang terjadi dengan penerapannya ini sehingga masyarakat dapat mengetahui mengapa pemerintah menerapkan sistem ini untuk penanggulangan penyebaran virus Covid-19. Dalam pembahasan ditemukan adanya beberapa kendala-kendala yang terjadi dengan penerapan sistem karantina wilayah maupun PSBB. Dengan adanya berbagai problematika tersebut, diharapkan dalam hal ini pemerintah harus cermat dalam menentukan sistem kedaruratan mana yang harus digunakan dalam memutus pandemi covid-19 ini.

The Covid-19 outbreak has now become a very serious problem in all countries of the world. The Indonesian government has also determined the state of public health emergencies related to the covid-19 pandemic by issuing 3 regulations. The issuance of this regulation as a form of public health protection from all diseases and / or from public health risk factors that have the potential to cause a public health emergency and also to stabilize the country's economy amid the covid-19 pandemic. This study discusses the problems that exist between the application of the regional quarantine system and the PSBB in coping with covid-19. The purpose of this research is to understand what the Regional Quarantine System and PSBB System were during the Covid-19 Pandemic and what problems occurred with their implementation so that the public can find out why the government implemented this system to combat the spread of the Covid-19 virus. In the discussion, it was found that there were several obstacles that occurred with the implementation of the regional quarantine system and PSBB. With these various problems, it is hoped that in this case the government must be careful in determining which emergency system should be used in deciding this covid-19 pandemic.
KEABSAHAN KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK (E-CONTRACT) DALAM PERJANJIAN BISNIS
Authors: Herianto Sinaga David , Wiryawan I Wayan
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penulisan jurnal ini untuk mengkaji pengaturan bentuk kontrak bisnis berdasarkan peraturan perudang-undangan atau peraturan internasional. Kontrak konvensional telah diyakini sah dan mengikat secara hukum karena pengaturannya yang sudah jelas dan lebih sering digunakan dalam perjanjian bisnis di Indonesia. Kontrak elektronik merupakan bentuk kontrak yang baru dan perlu dikaji lebih jauh untuk memberikan adukasi bagi masyrakat luas di Indonesia mengenai keabsahannya. Penggunaan metode dalam penulisan jurnal ini adalah metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif untuk memecahkan masalah bentuk kontrak elektronik dan keabsahannya dikaji dari Burgerlijk WetBoek, Undang undang Informasi  dan  Transaksi Elektonik dan United Nation Commission Internasional Trade Law. Hasil studi menunjukkan kontrak elektronik adalah kontrak atau perjanjian yang yang dibuat para pihak melalui sistem elektonik. Peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia bahkan internasional tidak pernah menentukan bentuk bentuk kontrak dan format kontrak secara mutlak. Para pihak bebas menentukan bentuk kontrak yang disepakati namun tetap mengikuti semua syarat kontrak utama dan telah diatur oleh undang-undang yaitu adanya kesepakatan dari para pihak yang berkontrak. Kontrak elektronik berlaku sah dan mengikat sah secara hukum.

Conventional contracts are believed to be valid and legally binding due to clear arrangements and are more often used in business agreements in Indonesia. Electronic contracts are a new form of contract and need to be studied further to provide education for the wider community in Indonesia regarding its validity. The method used in writing this journal is a normative juridical legal research method to solve the problem of the form of electronic contracts and its validity is assessed from the Burgerlijk WetBoek, the Information and Electronic Transactions of Law and United Nation Commission Internasional Trade Law. The results of the discussion found that electronic contracts are contracts or agreements made by the parties through the electronic system. Indonesian legislative and even international regulations never determine the form of contract and contract format in absolute terms. The parties are free to determine the type of contract that is agreed upon but still follows the terms of the contract that are primarily and have been regulated by law, namely the agreement of the contracting parties. Electronic contracts are valid and legally binding.
KEABSAHAN PENERAPAN PASAL 93 UNDANG-UNDANG KEKARANTINAAN KESEHATAN DI WILAYAH YANG TIDAK MENETAPKAN PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR
Authors: Suardana I Wayan , Wairocana I Gusti Ngurah , Dharma Jaya Ida bagus Surya
Published: July 2021

Tujuan Penelitian Ini adalah untuk mengetahui keabsahan penerapan Pasal 93 Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Kekarantinaan Kesehatan di wilayah yang belum memberlakukan penyelenggaran kesehatan masyarakat in casu PSBB. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menganalisis permasalahan diatas adalah adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan koseptual, pendekatan kasus, pendekatan fakta. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah sumber bahan hukum primer, sumber bahan hukum sekunder dan sumber bahan hukum tersier. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adalah teknik deskriptif dan teknik interpretasi sistematis. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasal 93 UU KK tidak dapat diterapkan terhadap kegiatan ngaben massal Dadia Pasek Kubayan, di Desa Sudaji, Kecamatan Sawan Kabupaten Buleleng Provinsi Bali sehingga penetapan Made Suwardana (Ketua Panitia Pelaksana) sebagai Tersangka tidak sah hukum.

The aim of this research is to know the validity of the application of article 93 of Law No. 6/2018 about Health Quarantine (UU KK) in areas where the implementation of public health in casu PSBB has not been enforced. The reseacrh methods used to analyze problems is normative research, with statute approach, conceptual approach, case approach, and fact approach. It consists of primary, secondary and teritary sources of legal material. The technique of collecting the legal materials are descriptive and systematic interpretative. The result of the research shows that Article 93 UU KK can not be implemented for mass ngaben activity in Sudaji Village, Sawan Sub-Distric, Buleleng Distric, Bali Province. Therefore, the determination of the suspect Mr. Made Suwardana (the chief of executive committee) is not legally valid.
PERLUASAN PENGATURAN PENGURUSAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PERSEROAN TERBATAS
Authors: Lestari Pande Putu Indahyani , Kurniawan I Gede Agus
Published: July 2021

Tujuan studi ini untuk mengkaji perluasan pengaturan pengurusan perseroan terbatas dalam pembaharuan hukum Perseroan Terbatas. Dalam UUPT menyebutkan bahwa Direksi berwenang dan bertanggung jawab penuh untuk menjalankan pengurusan Perseroan. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, yakni suatu penelitian menggunakan berdasarkan dengan pendekatan bahan hukum, baik hukum primer dan hukum sekunder. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Direksi sebagai organ perseroan bertanggung jawab atas kepentingan Perseroan, apabila dalam suatu Perseroan tidak memiliki Direksi maka Perseroan tidak akan bisa berjalan atau beroperasional dengan baik selayaknya sebuah badan hukum. Kemudian dalam hal ini ketika masa jabatan Direksi sudah habis mengakibatkan terjadinya kekosongan kepengurusan Direksi, di dalam UUPT tidak ada yang mengatur manakala suatu Perseroan sudah tidak memiliki Direksi.

The purpose of this study is to examine the expansion of management arrangements for limited liability companies in the legal renewal of Limited Liability Companies. The UUPT states that the Directors are authorized and fully responsible for carrying out the management of the Company. This study uses a normative legal research method, which is a research using based on the approach of legal materials, both primary and secondary law. The study results show that the Board of Directors as a corporate organ is responsible for the interests of the Company, if in a Company does not have a Board of Directors, the Company will not be able to operate or operate properly as a legal entity. Then in this case when the term of office of the Board of Directors has expired resulting in a vacancy in the management of the Board of Directors, in the Company Law no one regulates when a Company does not have a Board of Directors.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA ANTARA TENAGA KERJA KONTRAK DENGAN PERUSAHAAN:STUDI KASUS SHERATON BALI KUTA RESORT
Authors: Sudharma Kadek Januarsa Adi , Widiati Desak Putu
Published: July 2021

Pemutusan hubungan kerja adalah pengakhiran hubungan kerja antara perusahaan atau pekerja, yang disebabkan oleh sejumlah faktor penting. Diatur pada Pasal 62 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, pihak yang mengakhiri hubungan kerja sebelum berakhirnya jangka waktu yang ditetapkan dalam perjanjian maka pihak yang mengakhiri hubungan kerja tersebut diwajibkan membayar ganti rugi kepada pihak lainnya. Hal inilah yang terjadi di Hotel Sheraton Bali Kuta Resort, dimana salah satu karyawan kontraknya mengundurkan diri sebelum masa kontraknya berakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengkaji tentang pertanggungjawaban dan penyelesaian sengketa tenaga kerja kontrak tersebut kepada pihak hotel akibat pengunduran diri sebelum berakhirnya kontrak kerja. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan mempergunakan data primer berupa hasil wawancara, perjanjian kerja, dan peraturan perusahan pada hotel tersebut dan data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan literature terkait. Hasil penelitiannya adalah bahwa bentuk pertanggungjawaban tersebut adalah kewajiban bagi pihak yang melakukan PHK untuk membayar uang ganti rugi kepada pihak hotel dan penyelesaian sengketa dilakukan melalui jalur non litigasi yakni negoisasi.

Termination of employment is the termination of employment relations between companies or workers, which is caused by a number of important factors. Regulated in Article 62 of Law Number 13 Year 2003 concerning Manpower, parties who terminate the work relationship before the end of the period stipulated in the agreement, the party terminating the employment relationship is obliged to pay compensation to the other party. This is what happened at the Sheraton Bali Kuta Resort Hotel, where one of his contract employees resigned before his contract period ended. The purpose of this study is to examine the accountability and settlement of disputes for contract workers to the hotel due to resignation before the end of the work contract. The research method used is juridical empirical with the nature of qualitative descriptive research and uses primary data in the form of interviews, work agreements, and company regulations at the hotel and secondary data in the form of statutory regulations and related literature. The result of the research is that this form of accountability is an obligation for the party who carried out the layoffs to pay compensation money to the hotel and dispute resolution is carried out through non-litigation, namely negotiation.
PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI: ANALISIS DISPARITAS PENANGGULANGAN PENJATUHAN PIDANA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Pinarta I Putu Bayu , Mertha I Ketut
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan pidana pada kasus tindak pidana korupsi yang menimbulkan disparitas dan konsep ideal agar tidak ada lagi disparitas pidana pada penjatuhan pidana tindak pidana korupsi dikaitkan dengan rasa keadilan masyarakat Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempergunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan atau statute approach untuk menganalisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim pada kasus tindak pidana korupsi sehingga menimbulkan disparitas putusan pidana meliputi faktor perundang-undangan; pribadi hakim; dan lingkungan yang mencakup faktor politik dan ekonomi dan konsep ideal agar tidak ada lagi disparitas pidana pada penjatuhan pidana tindak pidana korupsi dapat dilakukan dengan cara dibuatnya pedoman pemidanaan; mengkonstruksi kembali (rekonstruksi) pola pemikiran dan perilaku etik hakim; dan upaya untuk memutus perkara yang bebas tendensi.

The objective of this research to reveal factors that are considered by the judge in the criminal punishment on corruption cases which causes disparity and the ideal concept to avoid no more criminal disparity on the criminal punishment of corruption. The method used in this research uses normative juridical legal research with a statutory or statutory approach to analysis.  The result of this research indicates that factors that are considered by the judge in the criminal punishment on corruption cases which causes disparity included legislation factors; judge personal factors; and environmental factors which include political and economic factors and the ideal concept so that no criminal disparity on the criminal punishment of corruption can be done by the way made sentencing guidelines that can be used as a reference or guidelines for judges to impose criminal sanctions; constructing (reconstruction) patterns of thought and ethical behavior of judges; and an attempt to break free cases tendencies.
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PEMEGANG POLIS PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI PAILIT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Manihuruk Togar , Triana Yeni , Hasnati Hj.
Published: July 2021

Tujuan study ini untuk menganalisis kedudukan hukum pemegang polis perusahaan asuransi pailit, apakah sebagai kreditur preferen atau kreditur kongkuren menurut hukum kepailitan di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptuan dan perundang-undangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan hukum pemegang polis perusahaan asuransi pailit menurut hukum kepailitan di Indonesia adalah masuk kategori kreditur preferen.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal position of bankrupt insurance company policyholders, whether they are preferred creditors or non-secured creditors according to bankruptcy law in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach and statute approach. The study result shows that the legal position of bankrupt insurance company policyholders according to the bankruptcy law in Indonesia is in the preferred creditor category.
PENGATURAN BIROKRASI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA YANG NETRAL DAN BEBAS DARI INTERVENSI POLITIK
Authors: Adi Lestari Anak Agung
Published: July 2021

Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji implementasi prinsip netralitas aparatur sipil negara dalam politik sebagaimana Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 dan menganalisis konsep birokrasi yang netral dan bebas dari intervensi politik bagi Aparatur Sipil Negara. Metode Penelitian menggunkan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Netralitas Aparatur Sipil Negara sangat dibutuhkan bagi organisasi pemerintahan yang misi utamanya adalah mengatur, melayani dan memberdayakan masyarakat agar terwujud kesejahteraan masyarakat dan Konsep birokrasi yang netral dan bebas dari intervensi politik hendaknya berdasarkan pada kualifikasi Manajemen Aparatur Sipil Negara diselenggarakan berdasarkan Sistem Merit.

The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of the principle of neutrality of the state civil servants in politics as referred to in Law Number 5 of 2014 and to analyze the concept of a bureaucracy that is neutral and free from political intervention for the State Civil Apparatus. The research method uses normative legal research. The neutrality of the State Civil Apparatus is urgently needed for government organizations whose main mission is to regulate, serve and empower the community so that public welfare is realized and the concept of a bureaucracy that is neutral and free from political intervention should be based on the qualifications of State Civil Apparatus Management organized based on the Merit System.
AKIBAT HUKUM SERTA PENYELESAIAN TERHADAP HARTA BERSAMA BERDASARKAN HUKUM PERKAWINAN
Authors: Kristanty Mahadewi Ida Ayu Putu , Rai Asmara Putra Dewa Nyoman
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji akibat hukum serta penyelesaian terhadap harta bersama berdasarkan hukum perkawinan apabila terjadi perceraian dan pemisahan harta bersama karena suatu hal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normative, yakni suatu penelitian yang berdasarkan pada pendekatan perundang-undangan, bahan pustaka, putusan pengadilan dan ketentuan yang sebagaimana mestinya. Serta teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi dokumen. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya suatu perjanjian dalam perkawinan maka harta benda dan harta bersama dari kedua pihak akan memiliki kepastian hukum yang tetap jika dilihat dari perspektif hukum. Penyelesaian harta bersama biasanya dilakukan dengan cara pemisahan harta benda kedua belah pihak. Penyelesaian perkara mengenai pembagian harta bersama yang terbaik adalah dilakukan dengan cara kekeluargaan. Penyelesaian permasalahan mengenai pemisahan harta bersama melalui pengadilan, juga bisa diusulkan melalui pengajuan gugatan sendiri oleh pihak yang berperkara maupun perantara melalui pengacara hukum. Dan permohonan mengenai pemisahan harta bersama tidak bisa diajukan bersamaan dengan gugatan cerai.

The purpose of this study is to examine the legal consequences and the settlement of joint assets based on marriage law if the event of divorce and separation of joint assets for some reason. This study uses a normative legal research method, which is a study based on a statutory approach, library materials, court decisions and appropriate provisions. As well as data collection techniques carried out by document study. The results of the study show that with agreement in marriage, the property and joint assets of the two parties will have permanent legal certainty from a legal perspective. Settlement of joint assets is usually carried out by familial way. The settlement of problems regarding the separation of joint assets through the court, can also be proposed through filing a lawsuit by the litigant or intermediary through a lawyer. And applications regarding the separation of joint assets cannot be filed at the same time as a divorce suit.
Neoconstitucionalismo y activismo judicial
Authors: Sandoval Cumbe Helber Mauricio
Published: July 2021

A las múltiples carencias que pululan en sociedades emergentes como la nuestra, suelen unirse situaciones aún más problémicas como la falta de legitimidad de las autoridades y el ungimiento de salvadores anónimos que siembran una esperanza falaz de cambio social. Se trata de los jueces, a quienes la desconfianza en los demás poderes tradicionales, ha convertido en bienhechores de trascendentales decisiones realizadoras de los derechos ciudadanos pero cuya ineficacia ha desnudado lo estructural de la crisis. Aunque se comparte del papel protagónico del juez, el presente artículo pretende mostrar que tal fenómeno, tecnificado como una variable del neoconstitucionalismo, puede llevar a peores efectos, por la irrupción de la judicatura en el escenario propio de otras autoridades, que exige competencias específicas, un contexto general y múltiples factores de consideración que jamás estarán a disposición de la judicatura.