bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mechanisms of Management of the Transport and Logistics System of the European Union in Pandemic Conditions: Experience for Ukraine
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Shveda N. M. , Shpylyk S. V. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Pinyak I. L. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at examining the mechanisms of organization of transport and logistic flows in Ukraine and the Countries of the European Union (EU). Analyzing the scientific works of many scientists, the measures taken by the EU countries were considered, which are reduced to the elimination of administrative barriers related to the objective inability of entrepreneurs and their employees to meet the requirements provided in the EU regulations. It is determined that transport and logistic flows play not only a strategic role in the development of all industries, but also a social role, because they are able to increase the quality level of living standards of citizens. In the process of researching the impact of the global pandemic on the transport industry, the authors diagnosed the main macro-economic measures to be followed to minimize the consequences, to slow the sharp reduction of cargo flows and prevent transport collapse. Taking into account the tendencies in the activities of transport companies, it is extremely difficult to predict the distant future of the market in the current situation. However, all companies without exception need support from governments. A positive example in this regard is the mobility package in transport management presented by the European Union. The main emergency measures and rules developed by the EU are also recommended for use by citizens of other countries, including Ukraine, if they are necessary to ensure the free movement of goods within the EU. It is determined that one of the peculiarities of activity during the pandemic is the reduction of the volume of services provided, in particular, the owners of companies are already counting on their curtailment at the end of this year. Experience in the management of transport and logistics systems shows extremely close and dynamic integration processes in this sphere, but it can not always cope with the challenges facing the world community. Prospects for the development of domestic logistics in the global dimension will depend on the improvement of the economic situation in the country and its most important trading partners, and at the level of market actors – on using the most effective instruments in their management of transport and logistics flows.
Smart Specialization as an Innovative Strategy for the Regional Economic Growth: Experience of Central and Eastern European Countries for Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Voznyak H. V. , Kloba T. L. ,   Institute of Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The initiated processes of reforming the government and public finances in Ukraine have provided real opportunities for increasing the resources for sustainable development of regional economic systems, communities and territories. At the same time, domestic practice shows ineffective mechanisms for implementing the State, regional policy, deepening both interregional and intra-regional asymmetries in terms of socioeconomic development. These aspects highlight the increased interest in the scientific and practical problem of converting opportunities into tools to stimulate economic growth of territories and updating the State Regional Policy of Ukraine, which should be based on the system of multilevel governance of territories and development of its strategic vision, especially in terms of competitive advantages. The purpose of the study is to systematize the experience of strategizing the regions of the EU, Central and Eastern Europe and to carry out a comparative analysis of the choice of priority areas of smart specialization in terms of groups of regions with appropriate economic structure. The object of research in this article are the processes of strategizing the regional development on the basis of smart specialization in Ukraine and the EU Member States. In the course of the research a set of general scientific methods of scientific cognition (system analysis, logical generalization, analogy, comparative analysis) was used, which provided an opportunity to realize the integrity of scientific research. The practices of regional strategy on the basis of smart specialization of Central and Eastern European countries are analyzed. Their economic profile and priorities of reasonable specialization are determined. The peculiarities of the functioning of the economy of the countries / regions selected for analysis are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the consequences / benefits of implementing innovative strategies for the economic progress of countries / regions. A comparative assessment of the priority areas of smart-specialization of the EU and Ukraine in terms of groups of regions with the appropriate structure of the economy is made. As a result of the study, no unambiguous correspondence was established. Recommendations are given and imperatives are determined, upon which the policy of sustainable growth of the regions of Ukraine should be developed, based on the results of the conducted research.
Formation of Scientific Grounds for Identification and Structuring of Problems of the Region Development
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Bekker M. L.
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the article is justified by the increasing role of scientific provision for identification and structuring of regional development problems in the evolvement of directions of the State regional policy, as well as in the formation of strategies and programs of socio-economic development of regions of Ukraine. The article is aimed at substantiating the methodical approach to identification and structuring of problems of the region development. The analysis of the interpretation of the essence of concepts of «problematic region» and «depressed region» is carried out. It is defined that the concept of «problematic region» is wider, despite the fact that there is no such definition in the legislation of Ukraine. It is proved that in order to identify and structure the problems of regional development, it is advisable to apply the methodical approach developed by the author, which contains four consecutive stages, the implementation of which will allow to carry out a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the peculiarities of the regional development of Ukraine and identify the accompanying problems. Both the identification and structuring of problems along with determination of regional development goals is carried out in the measurements of «Natural-territorial and socio-economic potential», «Socio-economic and ecological efficiency», «Quality of life of the population». As for the above defined measurements of problem research and determination of regional development goals, it is proposed to apply the indicative indicators calculated using an additive method of convolution of their partial indicators and components. Prospect for further research is to improve the methodological provision of the goal-setting of development of regions of Ukraine.
A Critical Analysis of Europeanism as an Ideology. Its Preconditions and Tenets
Authors:   Hong Kong Baptist University, Śliwiński Krzysztof Feliks
Published: January 2021

This paper looks at European integration and specifi cally at its institutional form – the European Union from an ideological perspective. The author claims that ‘Europeanism’ has become a new ideology shared among intellectual, political, judicatory, societal, and even dominant economic elites that influence or shape the European Union as an institution and its major policies. As an ideology, ‘Europeanism’ is a somewhat exotic mixture of various, seemingly incoherent trends that give the current European Union its intriguing characteristics. On the one hand, economically, one can easily identify numerous elements of neoliberalism, especially regarding the financial aspects of European integration. Likewise, arguments used by the major proponents of European integration vis-à-vis USA, China, or Japan are of neoliberal character. At the same time, regarding international trade in agricultural products, intellectual property, or internal (single market) competition (freedom of labour) one rather quickly spots distinct elements of protectionism and over-regulation. Finally, in terms of philosophical outlook and especially moral issues, ‘Europeanism’ seems to be mostly focusing on the progressive agenda.
Usability of i-TALK PISMEN for Student with Visually Impairment’s Skill
Authors: Ja’afar Noornajihan , Mohd Nabil Nurutthoilah
Published: January 2021

This research is conducted to identify the media-assisted learning aids used by students with visual impairment (SwVI) in learning Quran and the usability of i-TALK PISMEN application among them. There are variety of teaching and learning aids (TLAs) available in the market, but they are limited in developing and researching for SwVI requirements especially for Islamic Education subjects. This is because the lack of studies conducted on Islamic Teaching and Learning (TLA) and also shown effect towards SwVI in expansively learning the Quran. Therefore, this research focuses on identifying i-TALK PISMEN application and analysing the usability of i-TALK PISMEN Form 1 in aspect of students’ skill mastery.
Konsep Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT) dalam Kurikulum Bersepadu Tahfiz (KBT)
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Ali Akbar , Mohd Zhaffar Nursafra , Nor Norasmahani , Musa Nor Anisa , Othman Mohd Syaubari
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi memahami konsep Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT) dalam Kurikulum Bersepadu Tahfiz (KBT). Isu timbul apabila taksonomi Bloom mengkategorikan mengingat sebagai pemikiran aras rendah, sedangkan objektif KBT adalah pelajar dapat menghafaz 30 juzuk al-Quran. Oleh hal yang demikian, terdapat keperluan untuk meneroka kefahaman pakar mengenai konsep KBAT dalam KBT. Lapan peserta kajian telah dipilih untuk dikaji. Temu bual secara mendalam dijalankan secara separa struktur. Dapatan menunjukkan peserta kajian bersetuju bahawa taksonomi Bloom boleh digunakan sebagai rangka asas pemikiran dalam KBT, namun perlu disesuaikan dengan disiplin ilmu dalam KBT. Selain itu, peserta kajian turut sepakat bahawa mengingat dalam hafazan al-Quran dikategorikan sebagai pemikiran aras tinggi. Perbahasan mengenai taksonomi pemikiran dalam KBT menonjolkan empat sudut ukuran KBAT dalam hafazan al-Quran, iaitu; bacaan al-Quran, hafazan al-Quran, kekuatan ingatan dan gabung jalin ilmu. Implikasi kajian berjaya membentuk Model Taksonomi Hafazan al-Quran.
土木工程施工管理中存在问题的分析
Authors: 徐 波
Published: January 2021

现阶段社会发展较为迅速，尤其是基础设施的建设，人们对于建筑功能提出了更多的要求。文章主要介绍了装配式建筑施工概述，详细论述了装配式施工的优势，对于整体施工的市场前景进行有效分析，以供相关技术人员借鉴分析。
通信工程项目中的风险管理与控制策略
Authors: 陈 厚山
Published: January 2021

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国社会综合国力得到了显著的提升，从而为科学技术的发展创造了良好的基础，有效的推动了互联网信息技术整体水平的提高。但是因为当下我国通信技术整体水平还没有达到成熟的状态，所以导致通信工程项目领域中存在诸多的问题和隐形风险，这些风险往往会对民众生活和财产造成诸多的威胁，要想从根本上提升通信工程项目核心竞争力，那么最为重要的就是需要增强通信工程项目的整体抗风险能力。其中，风险管理工作的整体水平和效果是判断通信工程安全质量的基础指标，切实的落实通信工程项目风险管理工作，能够对保证工程项目各项工作的有序实施，控制工程整体成本起到积极的辅助作用。
浅析实验建筑的场所表达以及空间设计策略
Authors: 赵 娟
Published: January 2021

在当代建筑快速发展的背景下，实验建筑作为一种特殊的建筑形式，区别于公共建筑以及工业建筑，以其特有的功能形式，探讨内部的环境营造。此文以北京某综合实验基地工程为研究对象，对该建筑室外场所以及室内空间进行了探讨。尝试性地分析了实验室场所的空间布局特征，以及实验室内部空间的营造。
探究振动监测在转动设备维护中的应用
Authors: 杨 舸
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国社会综合国力在多方面利好因素的影响下得到显著的提升，在整个过程中大量的能源被开发利用，石油能源是众多能源中较为重要的一种，其在社会经济和科学技术发展方面具有关键的影响作用。石油化工工业的稳定发展不但与社会经济和社会和谐发展密切相关，并且也会对国家综合国力的提升起到积极的影响。要想推动石油化工行业的持续健康发展，那么最为重要的就是需要对炼油行业中各个机械设备加以专业高效的检测，从而提升炼油工作也的安全性和高效性。
低压断路器及其在配电线路上的保护选择性问题
Authors: 刘 涛
Published: January 2021

低压断路器是集控制和保护于一体的电器元件，是低压配电网络和电力拖动系统中非常重要的保护电器。在配电回路中上下级之间断路器的配合，应首先确认上级断路器的瞬时脱扣电流，该数值须大于下级断路器最大预期短路电流，若两级断路器保护电流值差距不大，则上级断路器可选择短延时脱扣器作为分级动作的保护。动作时间决定了短路跳闸的选择，上级断路器短延时曲线与其瞬时保护曲线不能有相交点。因此，对于选择上下级配电保护，了解断路器的相关结构、参数、保护功能是非常重要的，决定了配电线路是否能对末端设备起到良好的保护作用，并将故障时的影响降到最低。
可吸收多糖止血粉体外酶解性能研究
Authors: 李 玲 , 张 敏 , 宋 翠翠 , 刘 连涛
Published: January 2021

研究来源于淀粉的一种可吸收多糖止血粉的体外酶解性能，以评价其可降解性。模拟人体温度（37℃），在α-淀粉酶和糖化酶的协同作用下对样品进行体外酶解研究，采用3，5-硝基水杨酸（DNS）法对体外降解产生的还原糖进行测试，并从α-淀粉酶浓度、双酶活度比影响等因素确定合适的酶解条件。试验结果表明：双酶解最佳的条件为α-淀粉酶的浓度为5.6mg/ml、α-淀粉酶与糖化酶的活度比为1:7，可吸收多糖止血粉在双酶体系中降解120h后的降解率为90.13%。
装配式建筑施工技术在建筑工程施工管理中的应用研究
Authors: 王 殿涛 , 李 佰西
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而有效的推动了整个社会经济水平的显著提升，为各个领域的发展壮大带来了诸多的机遇，促进了民众生活水平的提升。在这种发展形势下，人们对于生活环境提出了更高的要求，这样就对建筑工程行业的发展起到了积极的推动作用。装配式建筑施工技术与以往老旧的现浇建筑工程相对比来说，不但可以有效的提升工程的施工效率，并且还可以促进各类施工资源的利用效率的提升，所以在建筑工程行业中，应当大范围的推进装配式建筑施工技术的运用，带动建筑工程行业的持续健康发展。
市政道路与地下空间施工中存在的问题探讨
Authors: 柳 崭
Published: January 2021

市政道路与地下空间是城市的重要组成部分，在城市的建设中有着非常重要的作用。为了更好地推进市政道路建设以及地下空间施工，需要对存在的问题有着明晰的认知。文章通过介绍我国市政道路与地下空间施工的现状，提出了我国市政道路与地下空间施工存在的问题，进而提出了我国市政道路与地下空间施工问题的解决措施，较好地满足了市政道路以及地下空间施工的需要。
地下车库结构设计管控要点及优化策略
Authors: 李 伟
Published: January 2021

我国汽车销售量近些年持续增加，中国大部分家庭都已经有家庭汽车，尤其是经济发展水平较高的地区，这同时带来一个严重的问题就是停车困难。为了解决这一问题，很多建筑项目都开始增设地下车库来缓解地面停车紧张的问题。在实际设计地下车库时，需要对车库使用特征和建筑类型进行综合考虑，合理计算和设计相应参数，确保地下车库建设质量，保证能够满足用户需求。
地下人防工程结构设计的特点分析
Authors: 郭 海燕
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国加大了经济改革开放的力度，从而有效的推动了我国社会经济的快速发展，推动了各个行业的发展壮大。在这种发展形势下，建筑工程行业的发展取得了良好的成绩，使得各个地区高层建筑、大型地下车库应时而生。并且在社会快速发展的带动下，人们对人防工程的重视程度也在逐渐的提升，当下很多地下工程中都会划分出部分区域被建造成为了平战结合的人防工程，既考虑到战时防空的需要，又考虑到了平时经济建设、城市建设和人民生活的需要，具有平战双重功能。所以对地下人防工程结构设计特征的分析研究逐渐变得重要，已经成为当今众多学者和从事人防相关工作的工作者们研究和考虑的问题。
5G技术对工业互联网应用的影响
Authors: 欧阳 占楼
Published: January 2021

5G技术发展进程迅速，目前已在我国多个试点城市商用化，而工业产业使用到5G技术，能对生产各项流程起到重要影响意义，促进工业产业规模扩大。文章通过对5G技术进行发展分析，找出5G技术的系统优势，结合工业产业后的互联网模式应用技术讨论，辩证看待两者合作的通用性，最终得出在5G技术的不断发展下，将给工业互联网带来何种应用模式，进一步了解相互促进关系。
无人机航测技术及其应用分析
Authors: 姜 华
Published: January 2021

我国的测绘技术已经发展了多年，在不断的完善和改进的过程中其应用的效果逐渐凸显，当然这个技术在取得巨大成果的同时，也存在着一些问题。技术创新和突破让测绘行业发展更加稳定，尤其是出现了无人驾驶飞行器的测绘技术之后，它极大地改善了行业发展，为工程测量和建筑工程项目的建设和其他需求提供了技术保障。总的来说无人机的测绘技术精度很高，总体上的应用成本很低，操作起来十分的简单，但无人机的测绘技术也存在一些问题，主要是拍摄的图像有些模糊、角度可能不正确、不适合等，在使用无人机遥感技术进行测绘的时候，相关工作人员必须充分的考虑如何才能更加充分的利用航空测绘技术的特性，并根据对测绘对象的了解和把握来做出最合理的测绘计划。
基于高速公路改扩建工程中路基拼接施工技术的应用分析
Authors: 颜 锦顺
Published: January 2021

最近几年我国的国民经济发展非常的迅速，很大程度上带动了我国的交通运输业的大发展，使我国的运输业变得越来越发达。最终带动了我国各个地区的高速公路改扩建工程中路基拼接施工技术的发展。大家都知道我国面积很大，成一只公鸡的形状，各地的结构还有样貌也是不一样的，一般包括山地平原还有山川湖海。这样一来就给我国的公路拼接增加了一定的难度，文章主要是针对高速公路改扩建工程中路基拼接施工技术的应用进行了详细的阐述，希望对大家有一定的帮助作用。
建筑房建施工技术与质量管理的分析
Authors: 冯 家华
Published: January 2021

当今社会经济迅猛发展，不仅让人们的生活水平得以提升，更是推动了科学技术的进步，各行各业都因为技术的不断革新，效率和质量都得以提升，对于房屋建筑行业来讲，先进的技术产生应运于房建工程时更能起到事半功倍的作用。建筑施工单位想要达成对施工过程中的技术与质量全面有效的管理，需要做的是紧跟时代步伐，了解掌握相关先进技术，就并且融入到房建工程施工技术当中，采取行之有效的质量管理方法，有效的将技术与质量管理贯穿始终，如此便能达成房建领域的相关施工质量标准，兼顾施工单位经济效益与社会效益，实现双赢的目的。
浅析极坐标与参数方程的常见问题
Authors: 田 文娟
Published: January 2021

在高中数学新课标教材中,对于《极坐标与参数方程方程》的学习是在选修4-4。因为有些直线、圆锥曲线的问题用直角坐标表示和解决极其复杂、困难。但用极坐标与参数方程就简单容易了不少,所以用极坐标与参数方程解题是一种重要的方法,同时也有助于培养和提高学生运用数学和解决实际问题的能力,因此,对于它们常见问题的研究就变得十分必要了。
数形结合思想在小学数学教学中的应用
Authors: 司 冰
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国加大了新课程改革工作的力度，从而有效的推动了新课程改革工作的全面实施，这样也使得人们对教育教学工作有了全新的认识。在小学教学结构中，数学课程是其中较为重要的一门学科，就以往小学数学教学实际情况来说，教师在组织实施各项教学工作的时候，通常都是采用的老旧的灌输式的教学方式，这种教学模式无法有效的提升学生的学习兴趣，并且对于学生综合素质发展也是非常不利的。而将数形结合的思想合理的运用到小学数学教学之中，能够切实的缓解上述问题，利用数形结合的方式能够将教材中原本抽象的知识，形象生动的为学生加以展现，从而促进学生更加高效的掌握知识，并且运用数形结合的教学方式，也可以增强学生的自主思维能力，促进学生学习效率的不断提升。
以道德与法治为载体提升小学生的思想品德
Authors: 刘 旭梅
Published: January 2021

思想品德教育对于培养学生优秀道德品质有着重要意义，能够引导学生树立积极的人生观、价值观，以道德与法治为载体的小学生思想品德教育更是影响着学生未来的学习和发展。基于此，小学教师应当提高对小学生思想品德教育的重视，探索更加高效的课程教学方法，培养小学生的良好品德和综合素养。本篇文章对小学生思想品德教育的方法策略进行了深入探讨，以供借鉴。
基于教、练、析于一体的课堂教学辅助系统的探索与实践
Authors: 韩 士杰
Published: January 2021

信息化技术的更新换代，加速了教育的转型与发展。在人工智能飞速发展的时代，更应借用技术手段，让广大教师从批改作业等这样机械而繁重的工作中解脱出来，把有限的、宝贵的时间与精力投入到提升教育教学能力和提高自身专业素养上去。文章从高三的计算机基础课程复习过程中，借用教学辅助系统来提高学生复习效率、减轻教师工作量方面所做的一些探索与实践。
El rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en situación de discapacidad
Authors: Oloriz Mario G. , Fernández Juan Manuel
Published: January 2021

El rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, principalmente durante los primeros años de estudios universitarios, es uno de los factores con mayor incidencia respecto del abandono educativo. Se caracterizó el abandono en la Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu), analizando las posibles causas del fenómeno y estudiando el impacto de los Programas de Becas respecto de la mejora en la retención y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. La UNLu ha implementado desde el año 2008 una Comisión Permanente de Seguimiento de la Accesibilidad que tiene por finalidad contribuir a superar las barreras a la accesibilidad y la promoción de los estudiantes con discapacidad. Se abordó el estudio del  rendimiento académico y abandono de aquellos ingresantes que declaran alguna situación de discapacidad al momento de su inscripción. Se trabajó con los ingresantes de las cohortes 2010 a 2015, encontrando un mejor desempeño de los estudiantes que se declararon en situación de discapacidad respecto de los demás integrantes de la misma corte, tanto en su desempeño académico como en la tasa de abandono y la tasa de graduación.
Influence of wheat conditioning duration on the technological qualities of flour
Authors: Yamaguchi Margarida Masami , Souza Daiana de Fatima Militao de , Carvalho Paulo Tarso de , Serafim Rodolfo Ângelo
Published: January 2021

Wheat is amongst the most consumed cereals in the world. Triticum aestivum is the most produced and consumed species of wheat in the form of refined flours, a result of grinding and sifting the grain. To obtain a lighter form of flour with fewer bran flakes, water is added to the wheat grains. The added water conditions the wheat grains by adjusting humidity, thus making the endosperm more friable and the bran more malleable. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the duration of wheat conditioning on the resulting flour’s technological characteristics, using time periods of 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21 hours. The extraction rates, color, ash, humidity, gluten, falling number, and alveography of each flour sample were analyzed. The acquired results exhibit an insignificant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in flours with different conditioning times for gluten, falling number, color (L*), ash content, and humidity. However, there was a significant difference (p ≤0.05) in extraction rate, gluten strength (W), as well as in tenacity and the extensibility ratio (P/L). Thus, 17 hours was discovered as the best conditioning durations, although a 13-hour conditioning could be used by companies who believe that the benefits outweigh the costs.
Complicações da associação das Síndromes do Intestino Irritável e Pós-colecistectomia: um relato de caso
Authors: Carrias Amanda Sampaio , Borges Ana Gabriela Freitas , Souza Luan Kelves Miranda de
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Descrever os principais achados clínicos da síndrome pós-colecistectomia e da síndrome do intestino irritável. Relato de Caso: A síndrome pós-colecistectomia (SPC) é o termo utilizado para descrever a persistência de cólica biliar ou dor abdominal no quadrante superior direito com uma variedade de sintomas gastrointestinais, semelhantes às características experimentadas por um indivíduo antes da colecistectomia. Esses sintomas compreendem intolerância a alimentos gordurosos, náusea, vômito, azia, flatulência, indigestão, diarreia, icterícia e episódios intermitentes de dor abdominal. A SPC pode apresentar-se no pós-operatório, como também pode se manifestar meses a anos após a cirurgia. A síndrome do intestino irritável (SII) é um distúrbio funcional crônico do trato gastrointestinal caracterizado por dor abdominal recorrente e hábitos intestinais alterados, pelo menos um dia na semana por três meses com dois ou mais dos seguintes itens: defecação, associados a uma alteração na frequência de fezes ou associado a uma alteração na forma (aparência) das fezes, na ausência de uma patologia orgânica. Sabe-se ainda que a associação das duas síndromes seja um evento raro, devendo ser investigado causas biliares, extra biliares e psicogênicas. Considerações Finais: Este relato de caso tem por propósito agregar informações sobre as duas síndromes.
O Acidente Vascular Encefálico como complicação neurológica da COVID-19
Authors: Santos Ianka Heloisa Alencar , Farias Sávio Menezes , Andrade Thandara Rejane Santos Ferreira , Rezende Grayce Ellen Souza , Torres Erivelton Cunha , Cavalcante Anderson Batista , Jesus Carla Viviane Freitas de , Oliveira Daniele Martins de Lima , Ferrari Yasmim Anayr Costa , Silva Dênison Pereira da
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o Acidente Vascular Encefálico como complicação causada pela COVID-19, bem como suas repercussões clínicas. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de artigos contendo informações de diagnósticos de sinais e sintomas neurológicos. A busca dos artigos científicos foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), SCIENCE DIRECT, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Resultados: Foram selecionados sete artigos para realização da revisão integrativa. Todos os manuscritos foram publicados em 2020 (100%). Foram elencadas informações referentes aos autores, país, título, objetivo e resultados encontrados nos estudos, elaborando discussões acerca de cada artigo. Em contrapartida, os autores mostram que o SARS-CoV-2 afeta muito além dos pulmões e é mais do que uma síndrome gripal, demonstrando caráter multissistêmico, independente de sexo, idade e comorbidades crônicas. Conclusão: A revisão realizada mostrou que existe uma tendência que pacientes internados com sintomas graves de COVID-19 estejam mais propensos a desenvolverem problemas neurológicos como o AVE. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários que contenham uma qualidade da evidência superior, bem como, que os profissionais de saúde realizem um diagnóstico mais amplo capaz de abranger todos os sinais e sintomas presentes em pacientes com coronavírus.
Dislexia: a importância do diagnóstico para uma intervenção precisa
Authors: Lira Núbia Rufino de Farias , Santana Claudenia da Silva , Melo Francielly Gomes , Luna Morgana Farias de , Araújo Vânia da Silva
Published: January 2021

A deficiência na aprendizagem que acomete muitas crianças e adolescentes, conhecida como dislexia é um transtorno que afeta a capacidade de ler, escrever e entender conteúdos necessários para o desenvolvimento da criança, durante sua vida escolar. A identificação e a intervenção precoce do problema é de fundamental importância para minimizar os efeitos negativos que esse transtorno traz para a criança, que não consegue acompanhar as aulas, para os pais que se preocupam com o baixo rendimento e para o professor que se sente frustrado diante do fracasso escolar. Para tanto é necessário conhecimento sobre o assunto, bem como elaborar trabalhos voltados para a deficiência desse aluno. Nesta perspectiva o presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar alguns conceitos e características e meio de intervenção relacionado à dislexia.
Educação financeira: Aposentadoria sob a ótica dos acadêmicos de uma universidade pública do centro oeste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Reis Luana Carolina , Borgis Milca Oliveira , Silva Valdilene Gonçalves Machado
Published: January 2021

A aposentadoria é um assunto que tem deixado muitos brasileiros inseguros devido as mudanças nas regras do regime da previdência social ocorridas recentemente. Isso levará muitos indivíduos a buscarem alternativas para assegurar uma renda suficiente para sobreviver pós aposentadoria. Assim, a proposta deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento dos acadêmicos de uma universidade pública localizada em Minas Gerais, em relação à formação de reserva financeira para a aposentadoria. Os objetivos específicos foram descrever o perfil dos acadêmicos, verificar seu nível de conhecimento sobre educação financeira, analisar o seu comportamento financeiro e conhecer como pretendem formar uma reserva específica para aposentadoria. A hipótese foi que os acadêmicos ainda não consideravam importante a formação de uma reserva financeira para utilização na vida pós-laboral e por isso não faziam reserva para esse fim. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, cujas informações foram coletadas por questionário. Identificou-se que os pesquisados eram predominantemente jovens, do gênero feminino e já estavam inseridos no mercado de trabalho. Não utilizavam frequentemente o cartão de crédito, tinham controle sobre seus gastos, julgavam-se controlados na gestão de suas finanças e com conhecimento suficiente para uma gestão financeira adequada. Não possuíam muito conhecimento sobre previdência social e privada, conheciam, porém, investimentos como poupança, ações, bens móveis e imóveis. Apesar de considerarem importante a formação de uma reserva financeira para utilização na fase pós-laboral, ainda não tinham iniciado a formação dessa reserva, não obstante estudar numa universidade pública, por isso sem custo de mensalidade, e já estarem no mercado de trabalho.
Avaliação de interpoladores espaciais para melhoria do mapeamento de atributos químicos do solo na cultura da banana no Estado do Tocantins, Brasil
Authors: Silva Neto Virgilio Lourenço , Cardoso José Alberto Ferreira , Silveira Junior Otacílio , Batista Elismar Dias , Araujo Amanda Marques Medrado , Lima Ítalo Cordeiro Silva
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de diferentes interpoladores para a distribuição espacial dos atributos químicos do solo na cultura de banana. Foram coletadas amostras de solo em 10 pontos diferentes, nas profundidades de 0,0-0,20 m e 0,20-0,40 m. Para espacialização dos atributos químicos, foram avaliados por meio da validação cruzada o desempenho dos interpoladores Krigagem Ordinária (KO) e Inverso da Potência da Distância (IPD), sendo que a KO teve os modelos esférico, exponencial e gaussiano avaliados, assim como o IPD teve o desempenho avaliado nos expoentes 2, 3 e 5. Verificou-se por meio da assimetria e curtose, valores entre 0 e 3, indicando assim, a normalidade dos dados. Os menores coeficientes de variação foram encontrados para os atributos pH e V% (profundidade de 0,00-0,20 m) e Ca2+ (profundidade de 0,20-0,40 m). Para todos os outros atributos, os coeficientes de variação encontrados foram acima de 20%. Maiores valores apresentados foram para os atributos Mg2+, K, H + Al3+. Dentre os interpoladores escolhidos com melhor desempenho, pode-se afirmar que 20% dos resultados demonstram que o interpolador IPD-2 se sobressaiu, assim como o IPD-3. O IPD-5 foi o que apresentou melhor desempenho em 40% dos resultados. Os interpoladores geoestatísticos não tiveram um desempenho satisfatório, sendo que o interpolador KO modelo Esférico, em nenhum momento comportou-se com o melhor desempenho dentre todos os interpoladores testados. O interpolador KO modelo Exponencial teve o melhor desempenho em 15% dos resultados, e o KO modelo Gaussiano se sobressaiu em apenas 5% dos resultados.
Міжнародно-правова відповідальність за дотримання прав людини на окупованих територіях України
Authors: ПЛОТНІКОВ ОЛЕКСІЙ
Published: January 2021

У статті розглядається питання міжнародно-правової відповідальності за дотримання і захист прав людини на окупованих територіях Автономної Республіки Крим та міста Севастополь, а також Донецької та Луганської областей України. Наша держава заявляє про свою відданість захисту прав громадян на окупованих територіях, водночас відповідальність за порушення прав людини на цих територіях вона поклала на Російську Федерацію (РФ). Постає питання про відповідність такого підходу міжнародно-правовим зобов’язанням України та про розподіл відповідальності за дотримання прав людини між Україною як державою-сувереном і РФ як державою-окупантом.
Метою статті є проведення розмежування відповідальності України та РФ за дотри мання прав людини на окупованих територіях Криму, Донецької та Луганської областей. Буде розглянуто загальні правила щодо обов’язків держав із захисту прав людини в разі окупації, а також проаналізовано практику Європейського суду з прав людини з метою визначення перспектив застосування цих правил у ситуації окупації Криму та частин Донецької та Луганської областей.
Встановлюється, що РФ як держава-окупант несе як негативні, так і позитивні зобов’язання із забезпечення прав людини, тоді як на Україну покладаються лише позитивні зобов’язання.
Існує ефективний контроль та юрисдикція РФ на окупованих територіях, а отже, вона несе відповідальність за порушення прав людини на цих територіях. Україна, зі свого боку, має шанс уникнути такої відповідальності, якщо зможе продемонструвати, що зробила все розумно можливе для дотримання своїх позитивних зобов’язань із захисту прав людини на окупованих територіях.
Admins, Mods, and Benevolent Dictators for Life: The Implicit Feudalism of Online Communities
Authors: Schneider Nathan
Published: January 2021

This essay considers how social networks train users to interact with each other through certain widespread interface designs. I argue that an “implicit feudalism” informs the available options for community management on the Internet’s most popular platforms for online communities. This pattern grants user-administrators absolutist reign over their fiefdoms, with competition among them as the primary mechanism for quality control, under rules set by the meta-absolutism of platform companies. Through experience in communities so constituted, users may be learning to trust effective absolutism, even if it is relatively rare, and distrust their own capacity for self-governance. In light of alternative management mechanisms with more democratic features, it becomes all the more clear that implicit feudalism is not a necessary condition.
The Emergent Synthetic Brain Concept of Law as Action Type
Authors: Bagnall Gary
Published: January 2021

This paper reviews and restates the thesis in Law as Art (Bagnall, 1996), in light of current scholarship. Law as real physical and symbolic social phenomena. Compound cluster properties, combining to form distinct social networks, a ‘nesting’, explicable within contemporary post-Quantum theory. They are conceived within an emergent synthetic brain concept, a neurological mind mapping of coherent, sentient factual data from experience of legal phenomena. Mind mapping identifies the works unique indexing criteria, enabling enactment of the heuristically distinct structure. As action type, it is a dynamic, variable dramatic enactment in which text and power are dominant indexing criteria. Text is to law what a script is to a play. Law enacts heuristically distinct structures capable of an infinite set of equal, inchoate enactments. By Quantum analogy, it structurally integrates through audience, observer engagement. Multiple works may share common provenance and style, neurologically integrating and organising as a legal system.
Origem social e escolha pelo curso de graduação: inferências a partir de dados do ENADE
Authors: Nascimento Matheus Monteiro , Massi Luciana
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho analisamos dados de 861 mil estudantes que realizaram o Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes entre 2016 e 2018, em relação aos motivos que levam à escolha de um curso de graduação. Realizamos análises estatísticas e adotamos a teoria bourdiana sobre as desigualdades sociais e escolares para interpretar nossos resultados. Identificamos a inserção no mercado e os cursos a distância como motivos nas classes menos favorecidas; a busca por cursos com baixa concorrência, mas valorizados socialmente, nas classes médias; e a escolha por influência familiar ou vocação nas classes altas. Esses resultados confirmam as diferenciações e desigualdades das classes sociais no sistema universitário brasileiro.
Política para melhoria do ensino de graduação em uma universidade pública: a experiência do Programa de Fortalecimento Acadêmico na UPE
Authors: Santos Ernani Martins dos , Silva Tarcia Regina da , Sena Claudia Alves da
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo discute a implantação do Programa de Fortalecimento Acadêmico na Universidade de Pernambuco e como este programa tem impulsionado o ensino de graduação, através do fomento de projetos de três ações específicas desta política institucional: inovação pedagógica, vivência de componentes curriculares e iniciação à docência através da monitoria. As análises dos resultados das ações, nos últimos cinco anos, foram realizadas numa perspectiva qualitativa, através de um estudo descritivo, que buscou a compreensão de cada ação. Com a aplicação de perspectivas metodoló-gicas múltiplas, construídas pelos docentes participantes dos projetos, o Programa de Fortalecimento Acadêmico tem contribuído para a elevação do nível de qualidade das atividades desenvolvidas para o ensino nas diversas graduações oferecidas pela instituição.
Inserção de setores populares na universidade a partir da interface entre Educação Superior e Educação do Campo
Authors: Verdério Alex
Published: January 2021

Trata da função da universidade em nossa contemporaneidade, em especial nas primeiras décadas do século XXI, a partir da interface entre Educação Superior e Educação do Campo. Explora questões acerca da universidade no Brasil e analisa seu caráter excludente, mesmo quando tangenciada por movimentos de democratização. Coloca em evidência a inserção dos setores populares na universidade pública, sobretudo, os vinculados à luta por uma Educação do Campo. Volta-se para a constitui-ção e realização da política pública de Educação do Campo e sua incidência na Educação Superior. Compreende a efetividade dessa ação, produzida na luta dos povos trabalhadores do campo e a afirma como uma ação contundente de tensionamento da função da universidade pública brasileira.
L-asparaginase Production by Leucosporidium scottii in a Bench-Scale Bioreactor With Co-production of Lipids
Authors: Moguel Ignacio S. , Yamakawa Celina K. , Pessoa Adalberto , Mussatto Solange I.
Published: January 2021

L-asparaginase (ASNase) is a therapeutical enzyme used for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ASNase products available in the market are produced by bacteria and usually present allergic response and important toxicity effects to the patients. Production of ASNase by yeasts could be an alternative to overcome these problems since yeasts have better compatibility with the human system. Recently, it was found that Leucosporidium scottii, a psychrotolerant yeast, produces ASNase. In order to advance the production of ASNase by this yeast, the present study aimed to select suitable process conditions able to maximize the production of this enzyme in a bench-scale bioreactor. Additionally, the accumulation of lipids during the enzyme production process was also determined and quantified. Experiments were carried out with the aim of selecting the most appropriate conditions of initial cell concentration (1.0, 3.5, and 5.6 g L–1), carbon source (sucrose and glycerol, individually or in mixture) and oxygen transfer rate (kLa in the range of 1.42–123 h–1) to be used on the production of ASNase by this yeast. Results revealed that the enzyme production increased when using an initial cell concentration of 5.6 g L–1, mixture of sucrose and glycerol as carbon source, and kLa of 91.72 h–1. Under these conditions, the enzyme productivity was maximized, reaching 35.11 U L–1 h–1, which is already suitable for the development of scale-up studies. Additionally, accumulation of lipids was observed in all the cultivations, corresponding to 2–7 g L–1 (32–40% of the cell dry mass), with oleic acid (C18:1) being the predominant compound (50.15%). Since the L-asparaginase biopharmaceuticals on the market are highly priced, the co-production of lipids as a secondary high-value product during the ASNase production, as observed in the present study, is an interesting finding that opens up perspectives to increase the economic feasibility of the enzyme production process.
Synthetic Organic Compounds From Paper Industry Wastes: Integrated Biotechnological Interventions
Authors: Jaiswal Shweta , Kumar Gupta Guddu , Panchal Kusum , Mandeep  , Shukla Pratyoosh
Published: January 2021

Synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) are reported as xenobiotics compounds contaminating the environment from various sources including waste from the pulp and paper industries: Since the demand and production of paper is growing increasingly, the release of paper and pulp industrial waste consisting of SOCs is also increasing the SOCs’ pollution in natural reservoirs to create environmental pollution. In pulp and paper industries, the SOCsviz. phenol compounds, furans, dioxins, benzene compounds etc. are produced during bleaching phase of pulp treatment and they are principal components of industrial discharge. This review gives an overview of various biotechnological interventions for paper mill waste effluent management and elimination strategies. Further, the review also gives the insight overview of various ways to restrict SOCs release in natural reservoirs, its limitations and integrated approaches for SOCs bioremediation using engineered microbial approaches. Furthermore, it gives a brief overview of the sustainable remediation of SOCs via genetically modified biological agents, including bioengineering system innovation at industry level before waste discharge.
Blockade of Macrophage CD147 Protects Against Foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lv Jian-Jun , Wang Hao , Cui Hong-Yong , Liu Ze-Kun , Zhang Ren-Yu , Lu Meng , Li Can , Yong Yu-Le , Liu Man , Zhang Hai , Zhang Tian-Jiao , Zhang Kun , Li Gang , Nan Gang , Zhang Cong , Guo Shuang-Ping , Wang Ling , Chen Zhi-Nan , Bian Huijie
Published: January 2021

The persistence of macrophage-derived foam cells in the artery wall fuels atherosclerosis development. However, the mechanism of foam cell formation regulation remains elusive. We are committed to determining the role that CD147 might play in macrophage foam cell formation during atherosclerosis. In this study, we found that CD147 expression was primarily increased in mouse and human atherosclerotic lesions that were rich in macrophages and could be upregulated by ox-LDL. High-throughput compound screening indicated that ox-LDL-induced CD147 upregulation in macrophages was achieved through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Genetic deletion of macrophage CD147 protected against foam cell formation by impeding cholesterol uptake, probably through the scavenger receptor CD36. The opposite effect was observed in primary macrophages isolated from macrophage-specific CD147-overexpressing mice. Moreover, bioinformatics results indicated that CD147 suppression might exert an atheroprotective effect via various processes, such as cholesterol biosynthetic and metabolic processes, LDL and plasma lipoprotein clearance, and decreased platelet aggregation and collagen degradation. Our findings identify CD147 as a potential target for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis in the future.
Direct Regulation of the T Cell Antigen Receptor's Activity by Cholesterol
Authors: Pathan-Chhatbar Salma , Drechsler Carina , Richter Kirsten , Morath Anna , Wu Wei , OuYang Bo , Xu Chenqi , Schamel Wolfgang W.
Published: January 2021

Biological membranes consist of hundreds of different lipids that together with the embedded transmembrane (TM) proteins organize themselves into small nanodomains. In addition to this function of lipids, TM regions of proteins bind to lipids in a very specific manner, but the function of these TM region-lipid interactions is mostly unknown. In this review, we focus on the role of plasma membrane cholesterol, which directly binds to the αβ T cell antigen receptor (TCR), and has at least two opposing functions in αβ TCR activation. On the one hand, cholesterol binding to the TM domain of the TCRβ subunit keeps the TCR in an inactive, non-signaling conformation by stabilizing this conformation. This assures that the αβ T cell remains quiescent in the absence of antigenic peptide-MHC (the TCR's ligand) and decreases the sensitivity of the T cell toward stimulation. On the other hand, cholesterol binding to TCRβ leads to an increased formation of TCR nanoclusters, increasing the avidity of the TCRs toward the antigen, thus increasing the sensitivity of the αβ T cell. In mouse models, pharmacological increase of the cholesterol concentration in T cells caused an increase in TCR clustering, and thereby enhanced anti-tumor responses. In contrast, the γδ TCR does not bind to cholesterol and might be regulated in a different manner. The goal of this review is to put these seemingly controversial findings on the impact of cholesterol on the αβ TCR into perspective.
Anatomy and Development of the Mammalian External Auditory Canal: Implications for Understanding Canal Disease and Deformity
Authors: Mozaffari Mona , Nash Robert , Tucker Abigail S.
Published: January 2021

The mammalian ear is made up of three parts (the outer, middle, and inner ear), which work together to transmit sound waves into neuronal signals perceived by our auditory cortex as sound. This review focuses on the often-neglected outer ear, specifically the external auditory meatus (EAM), or ear canal. Within our complex hearing pathway, the ear canal is responsible for funneling sound waves toward the tympanic membrane (ear drum) and into the middle ear, and as such is a physical link between the tympanic membrane and the outside world. Unique anatomical adaptations, such as its migrating epithelium and cerumen glands, equip the ear canal for its function as both a conduit and a cul-de-sac. Defects in development, or later blockages in the canal, lead to congenital or acquired conductive hearing loss. Recent studies have built on decades-old knowledge of ear canal development and suggest a novel multi-stage, complex and integrated system of development, helping to explain the mechanisms underlying congenital canal atresia and stenosis. Here we review our current understanding of ear canal development; how this biological lumen is made; what determines its location; and how its structure is maintained throughout life. Together this knowledge allows clinical questions to be approached from a developmental biology perspective.
Tissue-Resident Macrophage Development and Function
Authors: Wu Yinyu , Hirschi Karen K.
Published: January 2021

Tissue-resident macrophages have been associated with important and diverse biological processes such as native immunity, tissue homeostasis and angiogenesis during development and postnatally. Thus, it is critical to understand the origins and functions of tissue-resident macrophages, as well as mechanisms underlying their regulation. It is now well accepted that murine macrophages are produced during three consecutive waves of hematopoietic development. The first wave of macrophage formation takes place during primitive hematopoiesis, which occurs in the yolk sac, and gives rise to primitive erythroid, megakaryocyte and macrophage progenitors. These “primitive” macrophage progenitors ultimately give rise to microglia in the adult brain. The second wave, which also occurs in the yolk sac, generates multipotent erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP), which give rise to tissue-resident macrophages. Tissue-resident macrophages derived from EMP reside in diverse niches of different tissues except the brain, and demonstrate tissue-specific functions therein. The third wave of macrophages derives from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are formed in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of the embryo and migrate to, and colonize, the fetal liver. These HSC-derived macrophages are a long-lived pool that will last throughout adulthood. In this review, we discuss the developmental origins of tissue-resident macrophages, their molecular regulation in specific tissues, and their impact on embryonic development and postnatal homeostasis.
A Novel Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognostic Model Based on Feature Selection With Orthogonal Regression
Authors: Tang Binhua , Wang Yuqi , Chen Yu , Li Ming , Tao Yongfeng
Published: January 2021

Carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis are still hindered by the lack of effective prediction model and integration methodology. We proposed a novel feature selection with orthogonal regression (FSOR) method to resolve predictor selection and performance optimization. Functional enrichment and clinical outcome analyses with multi-omics information validated the method's robustness in the early-stage prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, compared with the classic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method [the averaged 1- to 4-years predictive area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) measure, 0.6998], the proposed one outperforms more accurately by 0.7208 with fewer predictors, particularly its averaged 1- to 3-years AUC reaches 0.723, vs. classic 0.6917 on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In sum, the proposed method can deliver better prediction performance for early-stage prognosis and improve therapy strategy but with less predictor consideration and computation burden. The self-composed running scripts, together with the processed results, are available at https://github.com/gladex/PM-FSOR.
Genomic Epidemiology and Active Surveillance to Investigate Outbreaks of Hantaviruses
Authors: Kim Won-Keun , Cho Seungchan , Lee Seung-Ho , No Jin Sun , Lee Geum-Young , Park Kyungmin , Lee Daesang , Jeong Seong Tae , Song Jin-Won
Published: January 2021

Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses pose significant public health, economic, and societal burdens. Hantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded, tripartite RNA viruses that are emerging zoonotic pathogens harbored by small mammals such as rodents, bats, moles, and shrews. Orthohantavirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in humans (HCPS). Active targeted surveillance has elucidated high-resolution phylogeographic relationships between patient- and rodent-derived orthohantavirus genome sequences and identified the infection source by temporally and spatially tracking viral genomes. Active surveillance of patients with HFRS entails 1) recovering whole-genome sequences of Hantaan virus (HTNV) using amplicon (multiplex PCR-based) next-generation sequencing, 2) tracing the putative infection site of a patient by administering an epidemiological questionnaire, and 3) collecting HTNV-positive rodents using targeted rodent trapping. Moreover, viral genome tracking has been recently performed to rapidly and precisely characterize an outbreak from the emerging virus. Here, we reviewed genomic epidemiological and active surveillance data for determining the emergence of zoonotic RNA viruses based on viral genomic sequences obtained from patients and natural reservoirs. This review highlights the recent studies on tracking viral genomes for identifying and characterizing emerging viral outbreaks worldwide. We believe that active surveillance is an effective method for identifying rodent-borne orthohantavirus infection sites, and this report provides insights into disease mitigation and preparedness for managing emerging viral outbreaks.