bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bromoanisoles and methoxylated bromodiphenyl ethers in macroalgae from Nordic coastal regions
Authors: Bidleman Terry F. , Andersson Agneta , Brugel Sonia , Ericson Lars , Haglund Peter , Kupryianchyk Darya , Lau Danny C. P. , Liljelind Per , Lundin Lisa , Tysklind Anders , Tysklind Mats
Published: April 2019

The content of bromoanisoles and methoxylated bromodiphenyl ethers varies by orders of magnitude among sixteen species of macroalgae collected from Nordic coastal waters.
Best Papers from 2018 in the Environmental Science family of journals: great science with a global reach
Authors: McNeill Kristopher , Novak Paige J. , Vikesland Peter J.
Published: April 2019

The Editors-in-Chief of the Environmental Science journals introduce the Best Papers of 2018.
Unpacking the toolbox of two-dimensional nanostructures derived from nanosphere templates
Authors: Ke Yujie , Ye Shunsheng , Hu Peng , Jiang Hui , Wang Shancheng , Yang Bai , Zhang Junhu , Long Yi
Published: April 2019

This review summarizes the advances in 2D nanostructures derived from nanosphere templates, from fabrication and properties to applications.
Ionic liquids to monitor the nano-structuration and the surface functionalization of material electrodes: a proof of concept applied to cobalt oxyhydroxide
Authors: Olchowka Jacob , Tailliez Tiphaine , Bourgeois Lydie , Dourges Marie Anne , Guerlou-Demourgues Liliane
Published: April 2019

This paper reports on an innovative and efficient approach based on the use of ionic liquids to govern the nano-structuration of HCoO2, in order to optimize the porosity and enhance the ionic diffusion through the electrode materials.
Homogeneous oxidative desulfurization catalyzed by a recoverable reaction-controlled phase transfer catalyst based on trilacunary Keggin polyoxometalate
Authors: Ding Jianwei , Zhang Yongqiang , Wang Rui
Published: April 2019

A phosphotungstic reaction-controlled phase transfer catalyst was prepared and applied for the homogeneous oxidative desulfurization. Excellent desulfurization efficiency was achieved at 60 °C and the catalyst can be easily separated and recycled with ideal results.
Gated ion transport through layered graphene oxide membranes
Authors: Yang Jinlei , Zhu Weiwei , Zhang Xiaopeng , Chen Fengxiang , Jiang Lei
Published: April 2019

The gate-induced directional ion transport in 2D layered materials provides a new way for effective control over the transport behaviors in synthetic systems.
Polydopamine-coated NaGdF4:Dy for T1/T2-weighted MRI/CT multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy
Authors: Lu Wei , Liao Yuxuan , Jiang Chunzhu , Wang Ruoming , Shan Xueru , Chen Qian , Sun Guoying , Liu Jianhua
Published: April 2019

T1/T2-weighted MRI/CT imaging-guided PTT agent NaGdF4:Dy@PPF was prepared and demonstrated its promising application for early diagnosis and therapy of tumors.
Emblica officinalis-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun nanofiber scaffold as potential antibacterial and anticancer deployable patch
Authors: Arbade Gajanan Kashinathrao , Kumar Vikram , Tripathi Vidisha , Menon Aishwarya , Bose Suryasarathi , Patro T. Umasankar
Published: April 2019

Emblica officinalis fruit extract has been incorporated into polymer nanofiber scaffold and the resulting scaffold showed excellent antibacterial and anti-proliferative properties.
Vertically oriented Sn3O4 nanoflakes directly grown on carbon fiber cloth for high-performance lithium storage
Authors: Jia Hongyun , Cao Xinxin , Pan Anqiang , Huang Linjun , Yin Bo , Chen Jing , Tan Xiaoping , Tang Yan , Han Mingming , Liang Shuquan
Published: April 2019

Flexible electrodes of vertically oriented Sn3O4 nanoflakes grown on carbon fiber cloth were synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction, exhibiting superior electrochemical performance.
Operation range extensionviahot-spot control for catalytic CO2methanation reactors
Authors: Bremer Jens , Sundmacher Kai
Published: April 2019

Intelligent coolant temperature adjustment allows hot-spot stabilization in exothermic fixed-bed reactors at the industrial-scale and provides additional operating points with increased performance and moderate catalyst temperatures.
Effective strategy for enhancing Z-scheme water splitting with the IO3−/I− redox mediator by using a visible light responsive TaON photocatalyst co-loaded with independently optimized two different cocatalysts
Authors: Iwase Yukari , Tomita Osamu , Higashi Masanobu , Nakada Akinobu , Abe Ryu
Published: April 2019

Dual loading of Rh and Ru-based cocatalysts on TaON photocatalyst significantly improves the efficiency of oxygen evolution in Z-scheme water splitting.
Anomalous transport in the soft-sphere Lorentz model
Authors: Petersen Charlotte F. , Franosch Thomas
Published: April 2019

Anomalous transport through soft percolating host structures is dominated by passages over high mountain passes.
Engineering rGO nanosheets-adsorption layer supported Pt nanoparticles to enhance photo-thermal catalytic activity under light irradiation
Authors: Li Juan-Juan , Cai Song-Cai , Chen Xi , Yan Dong-Xu , Chen Jing , Jia Hong-Peng
Published: April 2019

Constructing rGO nanosheet-adsorption layer-supported Pt nanoparticles to achieve efficient photo-thermal catalytic decomposition of volatile organic compounds.
Synthesis of biphenyl bridged dendritic mesoporous organosilica with extremely high adsorption of pyrene
Authors: Theivendran Shevanuja , Zhang Jun , Tang Cheng , Kalantari Mohammad , Gu Zhengying , Yang Yannan , Yang Yang , Strounina Ekaterina , Du Aijun , Yu Chengzhong
Published: April 2019

This paper presents the synthesis of biphenyl bridged dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (BDMONs) and the important role of biphenyl groups in the adsorption of pyrene.
Highly integrated and interconnected CNT hybrid nanofibers decorated with α-iron oxide as freestanding anodes for flexible lithium polymer batteries
Authors: Oh Se Hwan , Kwon O Hyeon , Kang Yun Chan , Kim Jae-Kwang , Cho Jung Sang
Published: April 2019

Highly integrated and interconnected CNT hybrid nanofibers decorated with α-iron oxide are prepared. The formation mechanism of the unique nanostructure is investigated, and their flexible Li+ ion storage properties as anode materials and the full-cell properties are studied in detail.
Fe–N-doped hierarchical mesoporous carbon nanomaterials as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction in both acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Dun Rongmin , Hao Menggeng , Su Yumiao , Li Wenmu
Published: April 2019

Hierarchical mesoporous carbon nanomaterials synthesized using Fe2O3 hollow microspheres as a multifunctional template exhibit efficient catalytic performance for oxygen reduction in both acidic and alkaline media.
High performance broadband acoustic absorption and sound sensing of a bubbled graphene monolith
Authors: Lu Bing , Lv Lingxiao , Yang Hongsheng , Gao Jian , Xu Tong , Sun Guoqiang , Jin Xuting , Shao Changxiang , Qu Liangti , Yang Jun
Published: April 2019

A bubbled graphene monolith exhibits a superhigh normalized absorption coefficient of up to 0.9 within a wide frequency range.
Superior fracture resistance of fiber reinforced polyampholyte hydrogels achieved by extraordinarily large energy-dissipative process zones
Authors: Huang Yiwan , King Daniel R. , Cui Wei , Sun Tao Lin , Guo Honglei , Kurokawa Takayuki , Brown Hugh R. , Hui Chung-Yuen , Gong Jian Ping
Published: April 2019

Fiber-reinforced polyampholyte hydrogels have demonstrated superior fracture resistance by saturating extraordinarily large energy-dissipative process zones, outperforming other existing tough materials.
Metal-ion-imprinted thermo-responsive materials obtained from bacterial cellulose: synthesis, characterization, and adsorption evaluation
Authors: Li Zhiming , Tian Hua , Yuan Yanyan , Yin Xueqiong , Wei Xin , Tang Liwen , Wei Suying
Published: April 2019

A novel gradient heating procedure was developed to fabricate a targeted metal-ion-imprinted thermo-responsive material from bacterial cellulose using Cu2+as a template andN-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) as a monomer; moreover, its structure and properties were analysedviavarious analytical techniques.
Amphiphilic hydrogels for biomedical applications
Authors: Chang Heng , Li Chuanxi , Huang Renliang , Su Rongxin , Qi Wei , He Zhimin
Published: April 2019

We highlight the recent advances in the fabrication and biomedical application of amphiphilic hydrogels.
An anthracene functionalized BODIPY derivative with singlet oxygen storage ability for photothermal and continuous photodynamic synergistic therapy
Authors: Zhu Jianwei , Zou Jianhua , Zhang Jie , Sun Yang , Dong Xiaochen , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2019

Singlet oxygen (1O2) generated from the photosensitization process within tumor tissues during photodynamic therapy (PDT) is self-limiting.
A mechanically robust and flexible PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate)/β-TCP nanoparticle composite membrane for guided bone regeneration
Authors: Yu Shuang , Shi Jun , Liu Yutong , Si Jiawen , Yuan Yuan , Liu Changsheng
Published: April 2019

A PEGS/β-TCP composite membrane was fabricated by a simple prepolymer mixing-in situ crosslinking method for guided bone regeneration.
Structural designs for ratiometric temperature sensing with organic fluorophores
Authors: Mazza Mercedes M. A. , Raymo Françisco M.
Published: April 2019

Thermosensitive probes with dual emission allow the ratiometric sensing of temperature with fluorescence measurements.
A high temperature optic-electric duple switching organic ionic compound: 1,4,7-triazoniacyclononane tetrafluoroborate dichloride
Authors: Gao Ji-Xing , Hua Xiu-Ni , Chen Xiao-Gang , Liao Wei-Qiang
Published: April 2019

[9-tacn-3]3+[BF4]−2[Cl]− (9-tacn-3 = 1,4,7-triazoniacyclononane) is a second-order nonlinear and dielectric switch with a phase transition temperature as high as 400 K.
lncRedibly versatile: biochemical and biological functions of long noncoding RNAs
Authors: Shields Emily J. , Petracovici Ana F. , Bonasio Roberto
Published: April 2019

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that do not code for proteins, but nevertheless exert regulatory effects on various biochemical pathways, in part via interactions with proteins, DNA, and other RNAs. LncRNAs are thought to regulate transcription and other biological processes by acting, for example, as guides that target proteins to chromatin, scaffolds that facilitate protein–protein interactions and complex formation, and orchestrators of phase-separated compartments. The study of lncRNAs has reached an exciting time, as recent advances in experimental and computational methods allow for genome-wide interrogation of biochemical and biological mechanisms of these enigmatic transcripts. A better appreciation for the biochemical versatility of lncRNAs has allowed us to begin closing gaps in our knowledge of how they act in diverse cellular and organismal contexts, including development and disease.
The enhanced immunological activity of Paulownia tomentosa flower polysaccharide on Newcastle disease vaccine in chicken
Authors: Yang Haifeng , Zhang Ping , Xu Xiaozhou , Chen Xiaolan , Liu Qingxin , Jiang Chunmao
Published: April 2019

The extracts of Paulownia tomentosa (P. tomentosa) exhibit multiple pharmacological activities. In the present study, P. tomentosa flower polysaccharides (PTFP) were extracted by water decoction and ethanol precipitation, and the immunologic modulations of PTFP against Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine was investigated in chickens. The results showed that in a certain range of concentrations, PTFP treatment can dose-dependently enhance lymphocyte proliferation. Then, 280 14-days-old chickens were randomly divided into seven groups, and vaccinated with ND vaccine except blank control (BC) group. At the first vaccination, chickens were orally administrated with PTFP at concentration ranging from 0 to 50 mg/kg once a day for 3 successive days, and the BC group was treated with physiological saline. The lymphocyte proliferation rate, serum antibody titer, and levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were respectively measured on 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the first vaccination. The results showed that PTFP at the suitable doses could significantly promote lymphocyte proliferation, enhance serum antibody titer, and improve serum IFN-γ concentrations. Taken together, these data indicated that PTFP could improve the immune efficacy against ND vaccine in chickens, and could be as the candidate of a new-type immune adjuvant.
Multilevel Models for Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Harel Daphna , McAllister Tara
Published: April 2019

Purpose

Research in communication sciences and disorders frequently involves the collection of clusters of observations, such as a series of scores for each individual receiving treatment over the course of an intervention study. However, little discipline-specific guidance is currently available on the subject of building and interpreting multilevel models. This article offers a tutorial on multilevel models, using notation from the R statistical software, and discusses their implications for research in communication sciences and disorders.

Method

This tutorial introduces multilevel models and contrasts them with other methods to analyze repeated measures data, such as repeated measures analysis of variance or standard linear regression. It also provides guidance on interpreting the components of a multilevel model and selecting the best-fitting model. Finally, these models are illustrated through an analysis of real data from a study of speech production training in second-language speakers of English.

Conclusions

As a flexible method that can increase the rigor of modeling for clustered data, multilevel modeling represents an important tool for research in communication disorders. Given their increasingly prominent role in the analysis of experimental data in communication sciences, it is important for researchers to be familiar with the basics of building and interpreting these models.
Influence of pollution chemical components on AC flashover performance of various types of insulators
Authors: Yang Zhongyi , Jiang Xingliang , Han Xingbo , Zhang Zhijin , Hu Jianlin
Published: April 2019

The pollution on insulators is composed of various chemical components, which threaten the stability of external insulation. However, the existing insulation designs have not taken this issue into consideration. This work aimed to study the influence of pollution chemical components on flashover performance of insulators with various materials. Flashover tests of porcelain, glass and silicone rubber insulators polluted by eight types of common contaminants were conducted. Based on the test data, the influence of chemical components and their solubility on equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) and insulator flashover performance were analysed; and the electrical properties of different types of insulators were compared. Results show that the ESDD contribution rate changes with chemical components. The dissolution characteristic has a significant influence on the measurement of ESDD; slightly soluble contaminants need to be considered separately. The corresponding insulator flashover gradient for ions can be summarised as Cl− < NO3− < SO42−, K+ < Na+, NH4+ < Ca2+. For a glass insulator, the flashover gradient is 4.9–17.0% higher than that of a porcelain insulator. For a silicone rubber insulator, this gap reaches 14.6–24.4 and 83.3–90% for freely soluble pollution and CaSO4, respectively, this phenomenon can be explained by the combined action of the slightly soluble character of CaSO4 and hydrophobicity transference of silicone rubber.
Fast long‐time coherent integration algorithm for detecting manoeuvring targets with high‐order motion parameters based on GKT and ISCPF
Authors: Xie Lei , He Zishu , Tong Jun , Li Huiyong , Lin Lanjin
Published: April 2019

This study deals with the efficient correction of range migration (RM) and Doppler frequency migration (DFM) for long‐time coherent integration in detecting manoeuvring targets with complex motions. A fast long‐time coherent integration algorithm based on generalised keystone transform (GKT) and integrating smoothed cubic phase function (ISCPF) is proposed. In particular, GKT and blind velocity fold factor searching is performed to correct the RM. ISCPF is proposed to estimate the acceleration and jerk for correcting the DFM. Consequently, the focus of the target energy is improved. Compared with the algorithm based on generalised Radon Fourier transform, the proposed method achieves a good trade‐off between the computational complexity and detection ability because the motion parameters are estimated via locating the peak of a univariate function instead of multi‐dimensional searching. Furthermore, the proposed method has better performance compared with several methods based on higher‐order ambiguity function and cubic phase function for multiple targets since ISCPF can effectively suppress the cross terms caused by multiple targets. Simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Continuous self‐calibration of platform inertial navigation system based on attitude quaternion model
Authors: Qi Wang , Weiwei Qin , Lixin Wang , Qiang Shen
Published: April 2019

This study focuses on the continuous self‐calibration of platform inertial navigation system. Since the estimate accuracy of inertial platform error coefficients would be reduced by the large misalignment angle, the inertial platform gimbal angle is used to establish the continuous self‐calibration model. And furthermore, to avoid a large number of triangle operations and the phenomenon of gimbal lock in traditional Euler angle represented gimbal angle continuous self‐calibration model, an attitude quaternion continuous self‐calibration model is proposed. In this model, the attitude quaternion is used to replace the Euler angle to describe the rotation of the inertial platform. Then, a quaternion unscented Kalman filter based on singular value decomposition (SVD‐QUKF) is proposed to calibrate the error coefficients of the inertial platform in the attitude quaternion continuous self‐calibration model. Finally, the simulation and experiment results prove that the proposed quaternion continuous self‐calibration model and the SVD‐QUKF can calibrate all the error coefficients of inertial platform with the relative error <1%, and the calibration precision and the computing speed are better than the traditional method.
DOA estimation with channel gain‐phase uncertainties via Schur‐product and RARE algorithm
Authors: Hu Weiwei
Published: April 2019

Direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation for L‐shaped array with channel gain‐phase uncertainties is addressed in this study. The channel gain uncertainties are estimated and removed by the method proposed by Wylie et al., and the phase uncertainties are eliminated by Schur‐product of the covariance matrix of received data and the corresponding conjugate. The newly constructed matrix based on Schur‐product can be regarded as the virtual covariance matrix corresponding to non‐coherent virtual 2D sources, whose 2D DOAs are associated with the original sources’, impinging on a virtual L‐shaped array. This finding can provide the chance of the usage of propagator‐method‐rank‐reduction (PM‐RARE) algorithm proposed in this study for the virtual L‐shaped array to obtain 2D DOAs of virtual sources. With the uncertainties removed, 1 component due to the Schur‐product of the steering vector and its conjugate should be eliminated via a novel rank reduction (RARE) method. Otherwise, it may interfere in distinguishing the adjacent sources. Then the DOAs can be estimated with PM‐RARE, which decouples and estimates two parameters related to elevation and azimuth of virtual 2D sources via RARE and eigendecomposition, respectively, without pairing parameters. This proposed on‐line method avoids multi‐dimensional parameter search occurring in the alternative iteration method. Numerical examples verify its effectiveness.
Assessment of the effects of wastewater treatment plant effluents on receiving streams using oligochaete communities of the porous matrix
Authors: Vivien Régis , Lafont Michel , Werner Inge , Laluc Mélanie , Ferrari Benoit J.D.
Published: April 2019

Human activities can disturb the natural dynamics of exchanges between surface water and groundwater in rivers. Such exchanges contribute to the self-purification of the environment and an excess of infiltration can lead to contamination of groundwater. In addition, the porous matrix (coarse surface sediments and hyporheic zone), through which water exchanges occur, is a sink for pollutants. For environmental monitoring programs, it is therefore essential to take into account both the dynamics of vertical hydrological exchanges and the biological quality of this matrix. The functional trait (FTR) method, which is based on the study of oligochaete communities in coarse surface sediments and the hyporheic zone, was proposed as a tool to simultaneously assess the dynamics of vertical hydrological exchanges and the effects of pollutants present in the porous matrix. Here, we applied this method during two different periods (in March and September 2016), upstream and downstream of locations affected by discharges from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) located in Switzerland. The biological quality of surface sediments and the hyporheic zone was shown to be better upstream of the WWTP in both campaigns. In addition, results suggested that the capacity for self-purification was lower downstream of the WWTP, and that groundwater at these locations was vulnerable to pollution by surface water. The FTR method proved valuable as a field method for detecting the effects of point source contamination on receiving streams. In the near future, this community-based approach will benefit from advances in the use of DNA barcodes for oligochaete species identification.
Prediction of impact damage in composite sandwich plates
Authors: Abdul Wahab Mohamad , Jabbour Tony , Davies Peter
Published: April 2019

This study tracks the development of an analytical model, designed to investigate the dynamic response of a composite sandwich plate subjected to a low-velocity impact. The model is based on the thick anisotropic plate theory, developed by Reddy and Pagano, which takes into account a through-thickness shear. An indentation law, as proposed by Hertz, is used to model the local response under the impactor. The good correlation between the shock and the simulation results testifies the validity of the method as far as the prediction of the contact force and the shear deformation in the core are concerned.
A comparison of corrosion behaviors of additive manufacturing cobalt-chromium alloy in different solutions
Authors: Ma Liyan , Niu Jia
Published: April 2019

The corrosion behavior of selective laser melted CoCr alloy in 0.9% NaCl, phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and artificial saliva (AS) solutions were studied by using open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The potentiodynamic polarization tests were shown the lowest current density of the CoCr alloy in 0.9% NaCl, while the highest one was measured in PBS solution. CoCr alloys were passivation in all solutions, and the protective scale formed on CoCr alloy in 0.9% NaCl solution possessed the superior corrosion resistance according to EIS results.
Alternative zur „Face-to-face“-Medizin
Authors: Leippert Claudia
Published: April 2019

Im Januar 2019 fand die „DiaTec“ mit dem Fokus auf die Telemedizin statt. Sie ist tendenziell zwar auf den Fachbereich Diabetologie gerichtet, jedoch reichen die Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von Telemedizin auch relevant u. a. in den hausärztlichen Bereich hinein. Telemedizin beschreibt medizinische Versorgungskonzepte mittels Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien über räumliche Entfernungen (oder zeitlichen Versatz) hinweg 1. Unterschiedliche Umstände wie z. B. ländliche, minderversorgte Umgebung, Hausärztemangel, alte und/oder immobile oder berufstätige Patienten begünstigen und fordern den Einsatz von Telemedizin additiv zur konventionellen „Face-to-face“-Medizin.
Evidence of Foam Sclerotherapy in the Treatment of
Recurrent Varicose Veins
Authors: Peter Jochen , Pourhassan Siamak
Published: April 2019

Purpose Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS)
for the treatment of primary venous disease is proven, but the main application
field of UGFS remains the treatment of recurrent varicose veins (RVV). The aim
of this study is to determine the extent to which this treatment indication is
evidence-based.

Methods In PubMed and other publicly accessible databases, literature was
reviewed until June 2018 and checked for relevance. The focus was on results
with regard to anatomical success as well as clinical success and perception by
patients.

Results Several observational studies comprised a subgroup of RVV
patients, but systematic stratification for RVV patients were only rarely
performed. In most of these studies including the few reports specifically
investigating RVV patients anatomical success as the primary outcome measure
revealed similar results compared to primary interventions and favourable
results in patients with neovascularization. Data on clinical outcome and
patient perception were inconclusive due to low study numbers and insufficient
stratification. Complications in RVV patients were rare.

Conclusion Although the advantages inherent to the UGFS principle provide
a strong rationale that this method best meets the requirements of the specific
RVV characteristics, concept and previous observations should be supported by
more evidence. Systematic studies in RVV patients with sufficient sample size
are required.
Thrombophilien: Wann ist eine weiterführende Diagnostik
sinnvoll?
Authors: Landahl F. , Langer F. , Woitalla-Bruning J.
Published: April 2019

Die Entwicklung der tiefen Beinvenenthrombose (TVT) wird meist durch klassische
Risikofaktoren wie Immobilisation oder größere Operationen begünstigt. Eine
Thrombose unklarer Ätiologie, insbesondere bei jüngeren Patienten, sollte weiter
abgeklärt werden.

Die Indikation zur Thrombophiliediagnostik sollte stets eng gestellt werden und
nur bei Verdacht auf einen schwere Thrombophilie oder einer auffälligen Häufung
von thromboembolischen Ereignissen bei erstgradigen Verwandten empfohlen werden,
da sich aus den Untersuchungsergebnissen Konsequenzen hinsichtlich der
Einschätzung des Rezidiv-Risikos und damit der Therapieempfehlung für eine
prolongierten Thrombosetherapie ergeben könnten.
Patientenorientierung: Alle digitalen Möglichkeiten nutzen
Authors: Napp Barbara
Published: April 2019

Die Technisierung und Digitalisierung hat längst im Gesundheitswesen Einzug gehalten und erlebt derzeit eine rasante Entwicklung. Bei den technischen Untersuchungsmethoden sind wir daran gewöhnt und begrüßen diese Weiterentwicklung, denn sie trägt dazu bei, dass Erkrankungen schneller und detaillierter diagnostiziert und therapiert werden können. Und auch bei Dokumentationssystemen nutzen wir die technischen Entwicklungen gerne. Tragen sie doch dazu bei, dass wir zeitsparender dokumentieren und bestmöglich an Informationen kommen können, dass die vielen Papierberge verschwinden und dass Patientendaten geordnet abliegen.
TSVG Verabschiedet: Minister Spahn entmachtet Selbstverwaltung in der gematik
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: April 2019

Der Bundestag hat das Terminservice- und Versorgungsgesetz (TSVG) verabschiedet. Damit übernimmt das BMG die Anteilsmehrheit in der gematik – und schaltet die Selbstverwaltung „faktisch aus“, so der GKV-Spitzenverband. Die Kassen fordern ein Eingreifen der Kanzlerin.
IT-Vergütungen: Begehrte Profis
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: April 2019

Sicherheitsexperten sind die Top-Verdiener unter den IT-Fachkräften – auch angesichts zunehmender Cyber-Attacken.
Entscheider-Blog: Fachabteilungen in Kranken häusern sind infiziert vom Peter-Prinzip
Authors: Heiß Tanja
Published: April 2019

Bis zur Unfähigkeit befördert? Nicht jede Fachkraft ist auch immer eine gute Führungskraft.
Klinik Unternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: April 2019

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse* ausgewählter Kliniken

*Quelle: elektronischer Bundesanzeiger und Geschäftsberichte
Elektronische Rechnung: Papier war gestern
Authors: Luz Christoph
Published: April 2019

Für viele Entscheider in Krankenhäusern ist die E-Rechnungslegung ein Buch mit sieben Siegeln. Der Irrtum, bei einer elektronischen Rechnung handele es sich um eine Rechnung im PDF-Format, ist noch immer weit verbreitet. Was aber ist die E-Rechnung genau – und warum sollten sich Kliniken jetzt dringend mit der Umstellung befassen?
KIS-Markt: Trügerische Ruhe
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: April 2019

Im Markt für Krankenhausinformationssysteme (KIS) blieb es im vergangenen Jahr erstaunlich ruhig. Obwohl wilde Gerüchte über mögliche Übernahmen durch die Branche geisterten, passierte nichts, alle großen Player sind weiterhin im Markt vertreten. kma stellt die acht großen Anbieter hier vor.
Elektronische Terminierung: Türöffner zum Patienten
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: April 2019

Bei der Terminvergabe setzen deutsche Krankenhäuser zunehmend auf elektronische Lösungen. Allein das Produkt des Anbieters Samedi ist bereits in mehr als 700 Kliniken im Einsatz. Auch Asklepios vertraut mittlerweile auf die Onlinebuchung.
Operationssaal der Zukunft: Alles ist vernetzt
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: April 2019

Nutzen Kliniken proprietäre OP-Plattformen, sind sie an die dafür zugelassenen Hersteller gebunden. Das könnte sich bald ändern, denn der seit Oktober 2018 zugelassene IEEE-Standard SDC definiert erstmals eine Schnittstelle, über die sich sämtliche Medizingeräte im OP sicher dynamisch vernetzen lassen – und zwar herstellerunabhängig.
Palladium-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropane and Ketones
Authors: Ding Wen-Ping , Du Juan , Liu Xiu-Yan , Chen Di , Ding Chang-Hua , Deng Qing-Hai , Hou Xue-Long
Published: April 2019

A Pd-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of vinylcyclopropane and trifluoromethyl ketones as well as α-keto esters were developed, affording tetrahydrofurans in high yield.
Synthesis of TRIPCO: A New Cyclooctyne for iSPAAC
Authors: Lis Christian , Berg Thorsten
Published: April 2019

Strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloadditions (SPAAC) are widely used for labeling azide-functionalized biomolecules in living cells but create mixtures of isomeric triazoles. We recently expanded the scope of SPAAC to the isomer-free generation of large functional molecules in living cells by designing the symmetrical pyrrolocyclooctynes PYRROC and SYPCO, which do not form isomers in SPAAC. Here, we present the synthesis and kinetic characterization of the cyclooctyne TRIPCO as a new reagent for isomer-free SPAAC (iSPAAC). TRIPCO was found to react faster than PYRROC and SYPCO in the [3+2] cycloaddition with benzyl azide.
On Artemisinin, Cyclopamine, D-Isocitric acid, Hyperforin, Epigenetics, Sialic Acid, and More
Authors: Giannis Athanassios , Mousavizadeh Farnoush
Published: April 2019

In this Account we present the total syntheses of artemisinin (an important antimalarial agent) and cyclopamine (the first natural inhibitor of the hedgehog signaling pathway). Furthermore, we describe the design and development of a γ-butyrolactone as an inhibitor of Gcn5 (a histone N-acetyltransferase), discuss the discovery of hyperforin and guttiferon G as the first natural products acting as inhibitors of sirtuins, and present the design of inhibitors of sialic acid biosynthesis. The biomedical background and importance are also discussed. Finally, we present the discovery and development of methods for transesterification, IBX-mediated oxidations, reduction of several functional groups with LiBH4/Me3SiCl, as well as a process enabling the synthesis of kilogram amounts of D-isocitric acid and its transformation to valuable chiral derivatives.

1 Artemisinin and Malaria

2 Cyclopamine and Cyclops

3 Sunflowers, Krebs Cycle, and Isocitric acid

4 Histones and N-Acetyltransferase Gcn5

5 St. John’s Wort, Hippocrates, and Sirtuins

6 Sialic Acid and Inhibitors of Its Biosynthesis

7 Transesterification

8 IBX Reloaded

9 And Finally: A Small Mistake with a Big Impact

10 Epilogue
Ignition threshold in cylindrical fast ignition targets
Authors: Rezaie-Chamani Afsaneh , Ghasemizad Abbas , Khoshbinfar Soheil
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the ignition stage of heavy ion driven fast ignition is evaluated numerically by using a quasi-1D model. Recently, the minimum value of the fuel areal density in cylindrical fast ignition was reported by Ramis and Meyer-ter-Vehn [Laser Part. Beams 32, 41–47(2014)]. Here, we intend to examine the impact of the initial fuel temperature on the ignition threshold. It is expected that the initial temperature and fuel areal density provide an acceptable practical framework to manage a successful ignition scenario. Assuming a precompressed DT fuel with temperature between 0.1 keV and 1.0 keV and the areal density ⟨ρr⟩DT ≥ 0.45 g/cm2, the minimum required ignition energy has been derived. It is found that as the ignition energies decrease, the burn wave propagation into the fuel layer is suppressed and the ignition condition becomes more sensitive to the initial fuel temperature. Moreover, at fixed fuel areal density, the ignition threshold energy reveals a weak dependence on the fuel radius smaller than rDT  ≤  40 μm. In order to attain the high energy gain, G > 30, the minimum ignition energy of 250 kJ corresponding to beam intensity higher than 1.6 × 1019 W/cm2 is recommended. While, in the burn strategy, fb ≥ 0.33, it has been found that the threshold ignition energy scales exponentially with the fuel radius, which becomes vivid for the critical areal density of ⟨ρr⟩crt= 0.45 g/cm2. Finally, it has been shown that the contribution of the released fast neutrons provides the additional plasma heating, which generally improves the burn stage.
The stability of free fermi Hamiltonians
Authors: Hastings M. B.
Published: April 2019

Recent results have shown the stability of frustration-free Hamiltonians to weak local perturbations, assuming several conditions. In this paper, we prove the stability of free fermion Hamiltonians which are gapped and local. These free fermion Hamiltonians are not necessarily frustration-free, but we are able to adapt previous work to prove stability. The key idea is to add an additional copy of the system to cancel topological obstructions. We comment on applications to quantization of Hall conductance in such systems.
Community detection analysis in wind speed-monitoring systems using mutual information-based complex network
Authors: Laib Mohamed , Guignard Fabian , Kanevski Mikhail , Telesca Luciano
Published: April 2019

A mutual information-based weighted network representation of a wide wind speed-monitoring system in Switzerland was analyzed in order to detect communities. Two communities have been revealed, corresponding to two clusters of sensors situated, respectively, on the Alps and on the Jura-Plateau that define the two major climatic zones of Switzerland. The silhouette measure is used to evaluate the obtained communities and confirm the membership of each sensor to its cluster.
Computational capabilities at the edge of chaos for one dimensional systems undergoing continuous transitions
Authors: Estevez-Rams E. , Estevez-Moya D. , Garcia-Medina K. , Lora-Serrano R.
Published: April 2019

While there has been a keen interest in studying computation at the edge of chaos for dynamical systems undergoing a phase transition, this has come under question for cellular automata. We show that for continuously deformed cellular automata, there is an enhancement of computation capabilities as the system moves towards cellular automata with chaotic spatiotemporal behavior. The computation capabilities are followed by looking into the Shannon entropy rate and the excess entropy, which allow identifying the balance between unpredictability and complexity. Enhanced computation power shows an increase of excess entropy, while the system entropy density has a sudden jump to values near one. The analysis is extended to a system of non-linear locally coupled oscillators that have been reported to exhibit spatiotemporal diagrams similar to cellular automata.
Theoretical equations of state for a charged fluid
Authors: Sánchez-Monroy X. , Torres-Arenas J. , Gil-Villegas A.
Published: April 2019

In this article, we present a molecular thermodynamic study of a system of N particles contained within a volume V and interacting via a hard-core pair potential with an attractive interaction according to the Wolf model for charged systems. This variable-range potential is characterized by three parameters: the repulsive hard-core diameter σ, the energy-well depth ϵ, and the inverse range α; a fourth parameter of the model is a cut-off distance xc that depends on α according to the relation xc = 2/α. Two equations of state (EOSs) are presented and derived from thermodynamic perturbation theory and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation data. The first EOS is given by the standard Zwanzig’s high-temperature expansion of the Helmholtz free energy, where the first three perturbation terms a1, a2, and a3 were obtained from MC simulations in the canonical ensemble (NVT) and parameterized as functions of α and the reduced density of particles ρ* = Nσ3/V. The second EOS was obtained from the discrete perturbation theory applied to a discrete representation of the Wolf potential. Results for pressures, internal energies, and isochoric heat capacities are compared to the MC computer simulation data of the Wolf system, including vapor-liquid coexistence curves, for different values of α. Overall, both EOSs give a very good representation of the thermodynamic properties of the Wolf fluid when 0.3 ≤ α ≤ 1.0 and 0.05 ≤ ρ* ≤ 0.8. Since the Yukawa fluid can reproduce information of screened ionic interactions, we discuss the equivalence between the Wolf and Yukawa fluids in the context of equivalent systems in liquid theory.
Fast-timing microchannel plate photodetectors: Design, fabrication, and characterization
Authors: Xie Junqi , Demarteau Marcel , May Edward , Wagner Robert , Xia Lei
Published: April 2019

We report a detailed design, fabrication, and characterization of 6 × 6 cm2 fast timing photodetectors based on next-generation microchannel plates (MCPs). The whole assembly is made of low-cost borosilicate glass materials and hermetically sealed with a bialkali photocathode in a vacuum. The flexible photodetector design provides the potential of modifying individual components as well as the entire configuration to fit for different applications. A series of prototype MCP-photodetectors were fabricated following a step-by-step process including functionalization of glass capillary array through atomic layer deposition, MCP baking and scrubbing, photocathode deposition, and hermetic thermo-compression sealing. The prototype MCP-photodetectors exhibit electron gains well beyond 107 level with good relative uniformity. An excellent rise time of 439 ps, timing distribution root-mean-square at a single photoelectron mode of 105 ps, a timing resolution of 20 ps, and magnetic field tolerance up to 1.3 T were achieved for a photodetector with 10 µm pore size MCPs, comparing to that of 536 ps, 205 ps, 63 ps, and 0.7 T for the one with 20 µm pore size MCPs.
Polarization discontinuity driven two dimensional electron gas at A2Mo3O8/B2Mo3O8 (A, B: Zn, Mg, Cd) interfaces
Authors: Biswas Tathagata , Jain Manish
Published: April 2019

We propose a novel heterostructure system consisting of compounds with chemical formula A2Mo3O8 (A, B: Zn, Mg, Cd) that can host a two-dimensional electron/hole gas (2DEG/2DHG). The formation of a 2DEG/2DHG in these heterostructures, which have a low interfacial strain, is driven by a polarization discontinuity at the interface. The sheet carrier densities and charge localization in these heterostructures are comparable to other well-known heterostructures that host 2DEG opening up the possibility of a wide variety of applications.
Non-contact T-type Raman method for measurement of thermophysical properties of micro-/nanowires
Authors: Liu Jinhui , Liu Hao , Ma Weigang , Zhang Xing
Published: April 2019

A non-contact T-type Raman method was presented for characterizing the thermophysical properties of individual micro-/nanowires, using a suspended sample-attached T-type sensor. The sensor wire’s thermal diffusivity was determined by the laser flash Raman spectroscopy method, which directly extracts the thermal diffusivity (α) by comparing the square pulse and continuous laser heating induced temperature rise. The test wire’s thermal conductivity (λ) can be extracted by comparing the laser spot heating the sensor wire induced local temperature rise before and after the attachment of the test wire. This non-contact T-type method was verified by comparing the measured thermal conductivity of an individual 25 µm diameter Pt wire with the standard value and then applied in the thermal transport property characterization of an individual 17 µm diameter carbon fiber. Experimental results indicated that the thermal conductivity first increases and then decreases in the temperature range from 215 K to 470 K. In principle, the presented non-contact method is applicable to characterize any individual micro-/nanowires, even those without Raman spectra.
Investigation of structural ordering in network forming ionic liquids: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Guda Vishnu Karthik , Strachan Alejandro
Published: April 2019

Molecular dynamics simulations reveal anomalous short- and medium-range ordering with increasing temperature in network-forming ionic liquids (NIL) consisting of alkyl-diammonium cations with long side chains of 6 carbon atoms and citrate anions (NIL 5-6). This effect is weaker, and only a short-range order is observed in equivalent systems with side chains shortened to 3 C atoms (NIL 5-3). The short-range ordering can be attributed to volume expansion during heating, but the intermediate range order requires volume expansion as well as an increase in temperature. We find that the cross (cation–anion) interactions are the major contributors to the observed trend and the development of complex 3D correlations in the two-particle correlation functions. The simulations suggest that the above phenomenon can be correlated to local trapping of cation molecules in a variety of configurations at lower temperatures where molecular shape distributions show great variability; as temperature increases, the distribution of molecular radii of gyration becomes narrower, enabling the increased ordering.
MARVEL Analysis of the Measured High-Resolution Rovibronic Spectra and Definitive Ideal-Gas Thermochemistry of the 16O2 Molecule
Authors: Furtenbacher Tibor , Horváth Mátyás , Koller Dávid , Sólyom Panna , Balogh Anna , Balogh István , Császár Attila G.
Published: April 2019

Accurate, empirical rovibronic energy levels, with associated uncertainties, are determined for the lowest seven electronic states of the 16O2 molecule using the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) algorithm. After careful analysis and validation of 30 671 rovibronic transitions (including 24 376 measured and 6295 artificial transitions), collected from 91 publications, 4279 empirical rovibronic energy levels are determined. The highly accurate empirical (MARVEL) energy database is then augmented with rovibronic energies obtained from accurate effective Hamiltonians for the lowest six electronic states, establishing a hybrid database containing 15 946 rovibronic energy levels. Based on this hybrid database, complete up to the first dissociation limit, 41 260 cm−1, an accurate temperature-dependent ideal-gas partition function, Qint(T), and some related thermochemical functions [isobaric heat capacity, Cpo(T), entropy, So(T), and (absolute) enthalpy, Ho(T)] are derived for 16O2 employing the direct-summation technique. All thermochemical functions are reported, in 1 K increments up to 5000 K, in the supplementary material to this paper.
Temperature-dependent studies of exciton binding energy and phase-transition suppression in (Cs,FA,MA)Pb(I,Br)3 perovskites
Authors: Ruf Fabian , Aygüler Meltem F. , Giesbrecht Nadja , Rendenbach Bettina , Magin Alice , Docampo Pablo , Kalt Heinz , Hetterich Michael
Published: April 2019

Multiple-cation mixed-halide (Cs,FA,MA)Pb(I,Br)3 perovskites containing cesium, formamidinium (FA), and methylammonium (MA) possess excellent properties for a wide range of optoelectronic applications such as thin-film photovoltaics or lasers. We investigate the role of excitons and the exciton binding energy EB, relevant for the effectiveness of charge separation in solar cells, as well as the temperature-dependent bandgap energy Eg which is used as an indicator for crystal phase transitions. Generalized Elliott fits of absorption spectra offer the possibility to determine both EB and Eg. However, since excitonic effects are non-negligible even at room temperature, a careful and detailed analysis of the spectra is crucial for a correct interpretation. Therefore, an additional evaluation based on a so-called f-sum rule is applied to achieve an improved reliability of the results at higher temperatures. The obtained EB values of 20–24 meV for Cs-containing mixed perovskite compounds are below the ones of 24–32 meV and 36–41 meV for pure methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) and bromide (MAPbBr3), respectively, and, thus, facilitate charge-carrier separation in photovoltaic applications. Furthermore, temperature-dependent (T = 5–300 K) studies of Eg in (Cs,FA,MA)Pb(I,Br)3 indicate a suppressed crystal phase transition by the absence of any phase-transition related signatures such as the well-known jump of about 100 meV in MAPbI3. We verify these results using temperature-dependent electroreflectance spectroscopy, which is a very reliable technique for the direct and non-destructive determination of optical resonances of the absorber layer in complete solar cells. Additionally, we confirm the suppression of the phase transition in Cs0.05(FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction.
Enhanced thermoelectricity by controlled local structure in bismuth-chalcogenides
Authors: Terashima K. , Yano Y. , Paris E. , Goto Y. , Mizuguchi Y. , Kamihara Y. , Wakita T. , Muraoka Y. , Saini N. L. , Yokoya T.
Published: April 2019

Spectroscopic techniques, including photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance, and x-ray absorption, are used to investigate the electronic structure and the local structure of LaOBiS2−xSex thermoelectric material. It is found that Se substitution effectively suppresses local distortion that can be responsible for the increased carrier mobility together with a change in the electronic structure. The results suggest a possible way to control thermoelectric properties by tuning of the local crystal structure of these materials.
Spike-burst chimera states in an adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire neuronal network
Authors: Santos Moises S. , Protachevicz Paulo R. , Iarosz Kelly C. , Caldas Iberê L. , Viana Ricardo L. , Borges Fernando S. , Ren Hai-Peng , Szezech José D. , Batista Antonio M. , Grebogi Celso
Published: April 2019

Chimera states are spatiotemporal patterns in which coherence and incoherence coexist. We observe the coexistence of synchronous (coherent) and desynchronous (incoherent) domains in a neuronal network. The network is composed of coupled adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire neurons that are connected by means of chemical synapses. In our neuronal network, the chimera states exhibit spatial structures both with spike and burst activities. Furthermore, those desynchronized domains not only have either spike or burst activity, but we show that the structures switch between spikes and bursts as the time evolves. Moreover, we verify the existence of multicluster chimera states.