bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fall Risk, Postural Control, Muscle Strength and Cognitive Function in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Yıldırım Meriç , Gelecek Nihal , Akarsu Mesut
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Falls are common in liver cirrhosis. Our aim was to investigate fall risk, postural control, muscle strength and cognitive function in cirrhosis, compare the results to healthy controls and investigate the inter-relationships.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients (12 males, 12 females) and 24 healthy controls (11 males, 13 females) were enrolled. Fall risk was assessed with Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Postural control was assessed using posturography. Quadriceps Femoris and Tibialis Anterior strength were assessed with dynamometer. Cognitive function was evaluated with Stroop test. Disease severity was assessed with Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores.
Results: Postural sway velocity (PSV) on foam surface eyes open (FSEO), FES score and TUGT duration were higher in patients (p
A Review of Criminal Law on The Phenomenon of Teenage Illegal Sprint Racing during Ramadan
Authors: Isnawan Fuadi
Published: September 2024

Illegal sprint racing is a prominent type of adolescent delinquency in Indonesia, especially during Ramadan. This occurrence not only undermines public order but also violates various applicable laws. This study employs a normative legal approach, with a focus on legal principles, to identify positive legal doctrines relevant to the phenomenon of illegal sprint racing. A case study approach is used to investigate various aspects of the phenomenon using primary legal texts such as the Law on Roads, the Law on Road Traffic and Transport, and the Law on Policing. The investigation found that illicit sprint racing without appropriate license is a severe violation of the law. The findings demonstrate the critical role that law enforcement plays in preserving community welfare, security, and order in locations that are frequently the scene of illicit sprint racing. Repressive law enforcement, more frequent patrols, and raising community understanding of the law are all effective ways to address this issue. The goal of socializing legal awareness is to increase community knowledge of relevant laws and regulations, and routine patrols are carried out to stop and identify illegal activity before it gets a chance to start. Repressive law enforcement makes it clear to offenders that their actions will not be accepted.
Land Acquisition for Infrastructure Development with the Mechanism of Government Cooperation with Business Entities (KPBU): Case Study of Lhok Guci KPBU Project
Authors: Kurdi  , Syafitri Cut Zulfahnur
Published: September 2024

This research discusses land acquisition for infrastructure development through the mechanism of Government Cooperation with Business Entities (PPP) with a case study of the Lhok Guci PPP project. Land acquisition is a crucial stage in PPP that often faces various legal, social, and economic challenges. This research uses a normative juridical method to analyze relevant regulations and a conceptual approach to understand key concepts. The stages of land acquisition studied include planning, location determination, implementation, compensation, release of rights, granting land rights, and supervision. The Lhok Guci case study shows the importance of transparency and coordination between relevant parties for the success of PPP projects. The results of the study are expected to improve the efficiency of the land acquisition process in future infrastructure projects.
Özel Öğretim Örgütlerindeki Denetimlerin Yarattığı Stres Durumlarına İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: Mercan Ecehan , Gündüz Yüksel
Published: September 2024

Denetim, bir faaliyetin veya sürecin belirli standartlara uygun olarak gerçekleştirildiğinin, kurallara ve prosedürlere uyulduğunun ve hedeflere ulaşılmasına yardımcı olacak şekilde etkin bir şekilde yönetildiğinin izlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. Stres, bir organizmanın içinde bulunduğu ortama veya duruma uyum sağlamak için verdiği fizyolojik ve psikolojik tepkilerdir. Öğretmen denetim stresi, öğretmenlerin mesleklerinde yapılan denetimlerle ilişkili olarak ortaya çıkan bir stres türüdür. Öğretmen denetim stresinin nedenleri arasında performans kaygısı, artan beklentiler, öğretmen-öğrenci ilişkisi ve zaman baskısı yer alır. Bu faktörler, öğretmenlerde stresi artırabilir ve iş memnuniyetsizliği, sağlık sorunları ve öğretim kalitesinde düşüş gibi sonuçlara yol açabilir. Bu bağlamda araştırma özel öğretim kurularımdaki öğretmenlerin denetimler esnasında yaşadıkları stres üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Araştırmada özel öğretim kurumlarındaki öğretmenlerin görüşleri alınmıştır. Nitel bir çalışma olan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, özel eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan ve maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 20 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin verdiği görüşlere göre özel öğretim kurumundaki öğretmenleri çoğunlukla okul müdürlerinin, müdür yardımcılarının, velilerin, eğitim koordinatörlerinin ve kurucu müdürlerinin denetlediği saptanmıştır. Öğretmenlerin bu kurumlarda değişik denetim türleri ile denetlendikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin verdiği görüşlere göre denetim uygulamaları öğretmenlerde oldukça stres yaratmaktadır. Denetimlerin stres yaratmasının nedenleri çoğunlukla denetçilerin derslere izinsiz girilmesidir. Öğretmenlerin denetim uygulamalarındaki stresi en aza indirmeye yönelik görüşlerinde genel itibariyle empati kurma, bireysel görüş alma, objektif gözlem ve saygılı olma önerileri üzerinde durdukları saptanmıştır.
THE ROLE OF PERSON-ORGANIZATION FIT IN THE EFFECT OF INTRA-ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICAL BEHAVIOR ON WORK ALIENATION
Authors: Akça İbrahim
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the role of person-organization fit in the effect of the perception of intra-organizational political behavior on work alienation of academics working in higher education institutions where tourism education is provided. In this regard, the research population consisted of academic staff working in faculties, colleges, and vocational schools of state and foundation universities in Turkey where tourism education is given. In this context, data were obtained from 385 academics by applying online and face-to-face questionnaires. AMOS program was used to test the measurement model, and PROCESS Macro was used to test the hypotheses. The study determined that intra-organizational political behavior had a significant and positive effect on work alienation. However, the moderating role of person-organization fit in this relationship is not significant.
Stochastic evolutionary system with Markov-modulated Poisson perturbations in the averaging schema
Authors: Semenyuk S. A. , Chabanyuk Ya. M.
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the asymptotic behavior of the stochastic evolutionary system underthe Markov-modulated Poisson perturbations in an averaging schema. Such a perturbationprocess combines the Poisson process with the Markov process that modulates the intensityof jumps. This allows us to model systems with transitions between different modes orrare but significant jumps. Initially, the asymptotic properties of the Markov-modulated Poissonperturbation are investigated. For this purpose, we build the generator for the limitprocess solving the singular perturbation problem for the original process. Then we introducea compensated Poisson process with a zero mean value, and it is used to center the jumps.The stochastic evolutionary system perturbed by the compensated Poisson process with anadditional jump size function is described. We build the generator for an evolution process andinvestigate its asymptotic properties. Solving the singular perturbation problem we obtain theform of the limit process and its generator. This allows us to formulate and prove the theoremabout weak convergence of the evolution process to the averaged one. The limit process forthe stochastic evolutionary system at increasing time intervals is determined by the solutionof a deterministic differential equation. The obtained result makes it possible to study therate of convergence of the perturbed process to the limit one, as well as to consider stochasticapproximation and optimization procedures for problems in which the system is described byan evolutionary equation with the Markov-modulated Poisson perturbation.
Some inequalities for entire functions
Authors: Sushchyk N. , Lukivska D.
Published: September 2024

Let $\mathcal{L}_p$ be the subspace of the space $L_p(\bR)$ consisting of the restriction to the real axis of all entire functions of exponential type $\le \pi$. In this paper, for any function $f\in \mathcal{L}_p \,\,(1\le p\le \infty)$, we obtain estimates for the norm of $f$ in terms of the sequence $(f(n/2))_{n\in\bZ},$ namely$$\frac12 \|f\|_{p,1}\le \|f\|_{\mathcal{L}_p}\le 2 \|f\|_{p,1},$$where $\|f\|_{p,1}:=\frac12(\|Jf\|_{\ell_p(\bZ)} +\|JT_{1/2}f\|_{\ell_p(\bZ)})$. Here $J:\mathcal{L}_p\to\ell_p(\bZ)$ is the linear operator given by the formula $$ (Jf)(n):=(-1)^nf(n), \quad n\in\bZ,$$ and $T_\tau$ is the shift by $\tau\in\bR$ of the function $f$,$$ (T_\tau f)(z):=f(z+\tau), \quad z\in\bC.$$
Distribution of unit mass on one fractal self-similar web-type curve
Authors: Pratsiovytyi M. V. , Lysenko I. M. , Ratushniak S. P. , Tsokolenko O. A.
Published: September 2024

In the article, we study structural, spectral, topological, metric and fractal properties of distribution of complex-valued random variable$\tau=\sum\nolimits_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{2\varepsilon_{\tau}}{3^n}\equiv\Delta^g_{\tau_1...\tau_n...}$, where $(\tau_n)$ is a~sequence of independent random variables taking the values $0,1,\cdots,6$ with the probabilities $p_{0n}$, $p_{1n},\cdots,p_{6n}$; $\varepsilon_{6}=0$, $\varepsilon_0$, $\varepsilon_1,\cdots,\varepsilon_5$ are 6th roots of unity.
We prove that the set of values of random variable $\tau$ is self-similar six petal snowflake which is a fractal curve $G$ of spider web type with dimension $\log_37$. Its outline is the Koch snowflake.
We establish that $\tau$ has either a discrete or a singularly continuous distribution with respect to two-dimensional Lebesgue measure. The criterion of discreteness for the distribution is found and its point spectrum (set of atoms) is described. It is proved that the point spectrum is a countable everywhere dense set of values of the random variable $\tau$, which is the tail set of the seven-symbol representation of the points of the curve $G$.
In the case of identical distribution of the random variables $\tau_n$ (namely: $p_{kn}=p_k$) we establish that the spectrum of distribution $\tau$ is a self-similar fractal and that the essential support of density is the fractal Besicovitch-Eggleston type set. The set is defined by terms digits frequencies and has the fractal dimension $\alpha_0(E)=\frac{\ln {p_0^{p_0}\cdots p_6^{p_6}}}{-\ln 7}$ with respect to the Hausdorff-Billingsley $\alpha$-measure. The measure is a probabilistic generalization of the Hausdorff $\alpha$-measure. In this case, the random variables $\tau=\Delta^g_{\tau_1\cdots\tau_n\cdots}$ and $\tau'=\Delta^g_{\tau_1'...\tau_n'...}$ defined by different probability vectors $(p_0,\cdots,p_6)$ and $(p'_0,\cdots,p'_6)$ have mutually orthogonal distributions.
Asymptotic estimates for entire functions of minimal growth with given zeros
Authors: Filevych P. V.
Published: September 2024

Let $\zeta=(\zeta_n)$ be an arbitrary complex sequence such that $0<|\zeta_1|\le|\zeta_2|\le\dots$ and $\zeta_n\to\infty$ as $n\to\infty$, let $n_\zeta(r)$ and $N_\zeta(r)$ be the counting function and the integrated counting function of this sequence, respectively. By $\mathcal{E}_\zeta$ we denote the class of all entire functions whose zeros are precisely the $\zeta_n$, where a complex number that occurs $m$ times in the sequence $\zeta$ corresponds to a zero of multiplicity $m$. Suppose that $\Phi$ is a convex function on $\mathbb{R}$ such that $\Phi(\sigma)/\sigma\to+\infty$ as $\sigma\to+\infty$. It is proved that there exists an entire function $f\in\mathcal{E}_\zeta$ such that$$\varlimsup_{r\to+\infty}\frac{\ln\ln M_f(r)}{\Phi(\ln r)}\le\varlimsup_{r\to+\infty}\frac{\ln n_\zeta( r)}{\Phi(\ln r)},$$where $M_f(r)$ denotes the maximum modulus of the function $f$, and it is shown that the above inequality implies the inequality$$\varlimsup_{r\to+\infty}\frac{\ln\ln M_f(r)}{\Phi(\ln r)}\le\varlimsup_{r\to+\infty}\frac{\ln N_\zeta( r)}{\Phi(\ln r)}+\varlimsup_{\sigma\to+\infty}\frac{\ln\Phi'_+(\sigma)}{\Phi(\sigma)}.$$The formulated result is a consequence of the following more general statement: if the right-hand derivative $\Phi'_+$ of the function $\Phi$ assumes only integer values and $\sum_{n=1}^\infty e^{-\Phi(\ln|\zeta_n|)}<+\infty$, then there exists an entire function $f\in\mathcal{E}_\zeta$ such that $\ln M_f(r)=o(e^{\Phi(\ln r)})$ as $r \to+\infty$.
A note on n-Jordan homomorphisms
Authors: El Azhari M.
Published: September 2024

{Let $ A, B $ be two rings and $ n\geqslant 2 $ be an integer. An additive map $ h\colon A\rightarrow B $ is called an $n$-Jordan homomorphism if $ h(x^{n})=h(x)^{n} $ for all $ x\in A;$ $h$ is called an n-homomorphism or an anti-$n$-homomorphism if $ h(\prod_{i=1}^{n}x_{i})=\prod_{i=1}^{n} h(x_{i})$ or $ h(\prod_{i=1}^{n}x_{i})=\prod_{i=0}^{n-1} h(x_{n-i}), $ respectively, for all $ x_{1},...,x_{n}\in A. $}
{We give the following variation of a theorem on n-Jordan homomorphisms due to I.N. Herstein: Let $n\geq 2$ be an integer and $h$ be an $n-$Jordan homomorphism from a ring $A$ into a ring $B$ of characteristic greater than $n$. Suppose further that $A$ has a unit $e$, then $h = h(e)\tau$, where $h(e)$ is in the centralizer of $h(A)$ and $\tau$ is a Jordan homomorphism.}
{By using this variation, we deduce the following result of G. An: Let $A$ and $B$be two rings, where $A$ has a unit and $B$ is of characteristic greater than an integer $n \geq 2$. If every Jordan homomorphism from $A$ into $B$ is a homomorphism (anti-homomorphism), then every $n-$Jordan homomorphism from $A$ into $B$ is an $n$-homomorphism (anti-$n$-homomorphism).As a consequence of an appropriate lemma, we also obtain the following resultof E. Gselmann: Let $A, B$ be two commutative rings and $B$ is of characteristic greater than an integer $n\geq 2$. Then every $n$-Jordan homomorphism from $A$ into$B$ is an $n-$homomorphism.}
PENGARUH ELEMEN FRAUD DIAMOND DALAM MENDETEKSI KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Eksandy Arry , Sari Riski Ulan
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh elemen fraud diamond yang terdir dari elemen pressure (yang diproksikan dengan financial stability, external pressure, dan financial target), elemen oppoturnity (yang diproksikan dengan nature of industry dan ineffective monitoring), elemen rationalization yang diproksikan dengan opini audit, dan elemen capability yang diproksikan dengan pergantian direksi terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2018. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 13 perusahaan dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa financial stability berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan, external pressure berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Sedangkan financial target, nature of industry, ineffective monitoring, opini audit dan pergantian direksi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan.
PENGARUH FRAUD TRIANGLE TERHADAP FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL STATEMENT DENGAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Widawati Yuni , Zakaria Adam , Perdana Petrolis Nusa
Published: September 2024

Fraudulent financial statement is a form of fraud that causes losses to stakeholders. Recently, fraudulent financial statement has been rampant in the financial and banking industry, which has caused the financial and banking industry to be the sector that suffered the most losses due to fraudulent financial statements. The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence fraudulent financial statements using the fraud triangle approach. The object of this research is banking companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in period of 2017-2019. This study used 102 samples taken using purposive sampling method. Data analysis was performed using panel data regression. The result of this study indicates that rationalization has significant effect on fraudulent financial statements, while financial target and effective monitoring have no significant effect on fraudulent financial statements. In addition, this study shows that corporate governance can weaken the influence of financial target, ineffective monitoring and rationalization of fraudulent financial statements.
Pengaruh Net Profit Margin (NPM) Terhadap Harga Saham dengan Price to Book Value (PBV) Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Pradana Anggri
Published: September 2024

Perusahaan yang termasuk ke dalam Indeks LQ 45 merupakan perusahaan yang memiliki nilai likuiditas yang sangat baik dan memiliki kapitalisasi pasar yang besar. Setiap 6 bulan terdapat perubahan saham-saham baru yang masuk ke dalam LQ 45. Hal ini tentu dengan adanya indeks LQ 45, akan berdampak baik pada minat investor dalam menanamkan modalnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rasio Net Profit Margin, dan Price to Book Value terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan yang termasuk ke dalam LQ 45.Metode penelitan menggunakan metode assosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan populasi pada perusahaan Indeks LQ 45. Metode pengambilan sampel data penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive samping. Jumlah sampel yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 31 perusahaan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dengan data sekunder. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik dengan analisis jalur menggunakan program spss 25.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Net Profit Margin (NPM) berpengaruh terhadap harga saham, Price to Book value (PBV) berpengaruh terhadap harga saham, Net Profit Margin (NPM) dan Price to Book Value (PBV) berpengaruh terhadap harga saham secara simultan, dan Price to Book Value (PBV) mampu memediasi hubungan antara Net Profit Margin (NPM) terhadap harga saham.
PENGARUH PRICE EARNING RATIO, RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Agustina Monica
Published: September 2024

Salah satu sumber pendaan perushaan untuk keberlangsungan usahanya ialah dipeeroleh dari menjual kepemilikannya kepada publik. Saham merupakan instrument yang paling dimintai oleh investor. Penelitian ini dilakukan unutuk menguji pengaruh Price Eraning Ratio (X1), Return On Equity (ROE) terhadap Harga Saham (Y) pada perusahaan otomotif dan komponen yang terdafatr di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2014-2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan otomotif & komponen yang terdaftar di BEI, dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling, terdapat 11 perusahaan dengan laporan ringkasa performa perusahaan sebanyak 66. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode analisis regresi dengan uji asumsi klasik untuk menguji kelayakan data dan untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji t, uji f dengan bantuan program SPSS 25. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menunjukan bahwa Price Earning Ratio (PER) berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham, Return On Equity (ROE) berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham, PER dan ROE berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham secara simultan.
PENGARUH SIMPANAN ANGGOTA DAN PINJAMAN ANGGOTA TERHADAP SISA HASIL USAHA PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM AGUNG KENCANA KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Levina Levina
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of member savings and member loans on the remaining operating results. The variables used in this study are member savings, member loans and the remaining operating results. This research was conducted at the Agung Kencana Savings and Loan Cooperative, Sukabumi City for the 2015-2020 period. The research method used is a quantitative method with an associative approach. The population and sample collection technique in this study used the saturated sampling method. The data analysis used is non-parametric with multiple linear analysis. With the results of the research, Member Deposits have a positive and significant effect on the Remaining Operating Income with a significance of 0.000 <0.05 and tcount > ttable (5,820 > 1,668), Member Loans have a positive and significant effect on the Remaining Operating Results with a significance of 0.000 > 0.05 and tcount > ttable (4,430 >1,668), and Member Savings, Member Loans have a simultaneous effect on Remaining Operating Results with a significance of 0.000 > 0.05 and Fcount > Ftable (64.956 > 3.138). The contribution of member savings and member loans to the remaining operating results is 66.7%.
Obstetrik Şiddet ve Ebelik
Authors: Karabulut Kübra , Unutkan Ayşegül
Published: September 2024

Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda doğumda kadına yönelik saygısız muameleler giderek daha fazla dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Doğum sürecinde kadınların %18.3 ile %75’i obstetrik şiddete maruz kalmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise kadınların dörtte üçünün doğumunda obstetrik şiddetin bir türüne maruz kaldığı raporlanmıştır. Bu tür şiddetin, fiziksel şiddet, sözel şiddet, cinsel şiddet, damgalanma ve ayrımcılık, profesyonel bakım standartlarının karşılanmaması gibi farklı biçimleri bulunmaktadır. Makalemizde obstetrik şiddet türleri Bohren ve ark’nın (2015) kategorilerine göre literatürdeki örneklerle açıklanmıştır. Obstetrik şiddet suçu genellikle sağlık profesyonellerine yüklenmektedir. Ancak doğum anında anne ve yenidoğanın hayatından sorumlu oldukları için üzerlerinde baskı hissetmektedir. Obstetrik şiddeti çoğu zaman toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği, sağlık tesislerindeki yetersiz kaynak ve personel eksikliği gibi örgütsel sebepler beslemektedir. Nedeni ne olursa olsun obstetrik şiddetin, kadınlar için birçok olumsuz sonucu bulunmaktadır. Konuya çok boyutlu bir pencereden bakarak sistem iyileştirilmelidir. Bu nedenle, bu derlemede; obstetrik şiddet türlerini, nedenlerini ve sonuçlarını literatür doğrultusunda açıklamak ve obstetrik şiddeti önlemek için yapılabilecekleri ebelik rolleri üzerinden açıklamak amaçlanmıştır.
Plutarkhos’un De Tuenda Sanitate Praecepta/Ὑγιεινὰ Παραγγέλματα (Sağlığın Korunması Üzerine Tavsiyeler) Adlı Çalışması: Tıp Tarihi Bağlamında Bir İnceleme
Authors: Soydan Nuray Yaşar , Arda Berna
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı Plutarkhos’un De Tuenda Sanitate Praecepta/Ὑγιεινὰ παραγγέλματα (Sağlığın Korunması Üzerine Tavsiyeler) adlı yapıtını gündeme getirmek ve yazarın sağlığın değeri ve korunmasıyla ilgili söylem ve aktarımlarını Tıp Tarihi bağlamında değerlendirmektir.
Yöntem: Çalışma, Plutarkhos’un 16 ciltten oluşan Moralia/Ἠθικὰ/Ethika olarak bilinen eserinin ikinci cildinde 213-293 sayfaları arasında yer alan De Tuenda Sanitate Praecepta adlı deneme yazısı üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada metin analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Plutarkhos’un kültürel sınıfa yönelik olarak sağlığın değeri ve korunmasıyla ilgili tavsiyeleri saptanmış ve elde edilen bilgiler Tıp Tarihi ışığında incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Ocak-Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada başvurulan kaynaklara yazarların kendi kütüphaneleri ve çevrimiçi kaynaklardan ulaşılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu değerlendirme sırasında; hekimin değerli olduğu düşüncesi, tıp-felsefe ilişkisi, humoral patoloji kuramı, zihin-beden ilişkisi, ölçülülük, harici hastalık, prognoz yaklaşımı, ruh kavramı, rüyalar, ses, mantık ve beden egzersizi, soğuk banyonun zararları, sıcak banyonun faydaları, beslenme, şarap tüketimi, etkili ilaçların kullanılmaması gerektiği ve yaşam tarzının önemi gibi konulara değinildiği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Plutarkhos’un hekim olmamasına rağmen, Antik Çağ’ın tıp bilgisini oluşturan bazı temel kavramlara hâkim olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Başta Hippokrates, Platon ve Aristoteles olmak üzere önemli tarihi figürlere atıf yaptığı fark edilmiş olup çeşitli anlatılar, aforizmalar, tanıklıklar ve benzetmelerle metni çekici hale getirdiği ve okuyucunun ilgisini arttırdığı görülmüştür. Sağlığın korunması konusunda verdiği bilgiler, döneminin sayılır bir sağlık okuryazarı olarak anımsanmasını düşündürmektedir.
The quasi-analog formulation of duality computers
Authors: Kim Minseong
Published: September 2024

The quasi-analog formulation of duality computers is provided, inspired from the actual path integral understanding of the double-slit experiment and the inadequacies of the standard formulation of duality computers in explaining the experiment. In (analog) quantum mechanics, position and momentum are not typically discrete variables, but it is feasible to take the qubit (digital) approximation by selecting a set of approximately orthogonal states as computational basis for the qubits, such as Gaussian states with sufficient distances. The qubit approximation as an effective representation cannot be used for addressing the question of whether the computational system evolves unitarily without violating linearity, and fine-grained dynamics can respect linearity when effective dynamics do not. A general limiting procedure for determining qubit states regardless of effective unitarity violation is provided. The new formulation resolves the zero wavefunction paradox naturally out of the box and provides a method for detecting the unnormalized zero wavefunction. The resulting formulation of duality computers does not require additional postselection or non-unitary operators over unitary quantum mechanics and has realistic potentials to provide additional computational advantage over ordinary quantum computers.
Hydrology, history, and habitats: a literature review to inform assessment of stream ecosystems in the southwestern United States
Authors: Smith D. Max , Friggens Megan
Published: September 2024

In preparation for an effort to construct a vulnerability assessment under a science management partnership, we reviewed historical changes to water resources and threats faced by stream ecosystems in three study watersheds in the Southwestern U.S. We identified two focal resources and conducted a comprehensive review of literature to identify the range of potential issues affecting them. This information can be used to generate metrics representing sources of exposure, key sensitivities, and potential for adaptative capacity.
Is Race-based Stress in Latinx College Students Associated with Retrieval Practice Performance?
Authors: Vazquez Salvador Roberto , Grammer Jennie K
Published: September 2024

Retrieval practice is a well-documented study strategy that promotes learning. Stress, which can both enhance and harm learning, may be a key mechanism underlying the efficacy of disfluent learning strategies such as retrieval practice. However, little is known about how effective retrieval practice is for diverse groups of college students, who may experience greater daily race-based stress. In this study, a group of Latinx (n = 59) and White (n = 49) college students participated in a retrieval practice task involving Japanese vocabulary learning. Latinx students reported their experiences with race-based stressors including microaggressions, acculturative stress, and minority stress. Both Latinx and White students benefitted from retrieval practice, as evidenced by increased vocabulary knowledge after a 1-week delay. However, Latinx students’ reports of race-based stress were associated with worse overall performance on the task in comparison to their White peers. These findings suggest that while retrieval practice supports learning, important individual differences in this effect may exist related to students lived experiences.
Comparing Language Input in Homes of Blind and Sighted Children: Insights from Daylong Recordings
Authors: Campbell Erin Elizabeth , Righter Lillianna , Lukin Genia , Bergelson Elika
Published: September 2024

We compared everyday language input to young congenitally-blind children with no additional disabilities (N=15, 6--30mo., M:16mo.) and demographically-matched sighted peers (N=15, 6--31mo., M:16mo.). By studying whether the language input of blind children differs from their sighted peers, we aimed to determine whether, in principle, the language acquisition patterns observed in blind and sighted children could be explained by aspects of the speech they hear. Children wore LENA recorders to capture the auditory language environment in their homes. Speech in these recordings was then analyzed with a mix of automated and manually-transcribed measures across various subsets and dimensions of language input. These included measures of quantity (adult words), interaction (conversational turns and child-directed speech), linguistic properties (lexical diversity and mean length of utterance), and conceptual features (talk centered around the here-and-now; talk focused on visual referents that would be inaccessible to the blind but not sighted children). Overall, we found broad similarity across groups in speech quantity, interaction, and linguistic properties. The only exception was that blind children's language environments contained slightly but significantly more talk about past/future/hypothetical events than sighted children's input; both groups received equivalent quantities of "visual" speech input. The findings challenge the notion that blind children's language input diverges substantially from sighted children's; while the input is highly variable across children, it is not systematically so across groups, across nearly all measures. The findings suggest instead that blind children and sighted children alike receive input that readily supports their language development, with open questions remaining regarding how this input may be differentially leveraged by language learners in early childhood.
The Badolo EcoRiskProspect theoretical framework for improving African economic systems resilience strategies to emerging shocks scientific foundations
Authors: Badolo Mathieu
Published: September 2024

The future African economies configurations will largely depend on the emerging shocks and their direct and indirect impacts integration into economic policies efficiency. In this article, we propose the Badolo EcoRiskProspect theoretical framework. It suggests multi-risk and multidimensional tools and knowledge bodies to develop economic resilience strategies to emerging shocks, which consider the main economic sectors. It implements a results-based resilience strategy to build African economies configurations on which emerging shocks only have residual adverse effects.
The paradox of competition: How funding models could undermine the uptake of data sharing practices
Authors: Klebel Thomas , Bianchi Federico , Ross-Hellauer Tony , Squazzoni Flaminio
Published: September 2024

Although beneficial to scientific development, data sharing is still uncommon in many research areas. Various organisations, including funding agencies that endorse open science, aim to increase its uptake. However, estimating the large-scale implications of different policy interventions on data sharing by funding agencies, especially in the context of intense competition among academics, is difficult empirically. Here, we built an agent-based model to simulate the effect of different funding schemes (i.e., highly competitive large grants vs. distributive small grants), and varying intensity of incentives for data sharing on the uptake of data sharing by academic teams strategically adapting to the context. Our results show that more competitive funding schemes may lead to higher rates of data sharing in the short term, but lower rates in the long-term, because the uncertainty associated with competitive funding negatively affects the cost/benefit ratio of data sharing. At the same time, more distributive grants do not allow academic teams to cover the costs and time required for data sharing, limiting uptake. Our findings suggest that without support services and infrastructure to minimise the costs of data sharing and other ancillary conditions (e.g., university policy support, reputational rewards and benefits of data sharing for academic teams), it is unlikely that funding agencies alone can play a leading role for the uptake of data sharing. Therefore, any attempt to reform reward and recognition systems towards open science principles should carefully consider the potential impact of their proposed policies and their long-term side effects.
Comparative Analysis of Earthquake Detection Methods Using Deep Learning: Reproducibility and Uncertainty Assessment in EQTransformer
Authors: Gamboa-Chacón Sebastián , Chaves Sibaja Esteban , Meneses Rojas Esteban
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the performance and reliability of earthquake detection using the EQTransformer, a novel AI program that is widely used in seismological observatories and research for enhancing earthquake catalogs. We test the EQTransformer capabilities and uncertainties using seismic data from the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica and compare two detection options: the simplified method (MseedPredictor) and the complex method (Predictor), the latter incorporating Monte Carlo Dropout, to assess their reproducibility and uncertainty in identifying seismic events. Our analysis focuses on 24 hour-duration data that began on February 18, 2023, following a magnitude 5.5 mainshock. Notably, we observed that sequential experiments with identical data and parametrization yield different detections and a varying number of events as a function of time. The results demonstrate that the complex method, which leverages iterative dropout, consistently yields more reproducible and reliable detections than the simplified method, which shows greater variability and is more prone to false positives. This study highlights the critical importance of method selection in deep learning models for seismic event detection, emphasizing the need for rigorous evaluation of detection algorithms to ensure accurate and consistent earthquake catalogs and interpretations. Our findings provide valuable insights for the application of AI tools in seismology, particularly in enhancing the precision and reliability of seismic monitoring efforts.
The Role of Islands in Sea Ice Transport Through Nares Strait
Authors: Montemuro Brandon , Manucharyan Georgy
Published: September 2024

Nares Strait is a major pathway from the Arctic Ocean and an important climate system component. Sea ice's granular nature is pertinent in such straits with small islands where floes propagate by fracturing upon collisions. Since climate models are relatively coarse and use continuous sea ice rheology, they only partially capture the complexities of floe interactions. We use a floe-scale model, SubZero, to explore the role of islands in sea ice transport through Nares Strait. We demonstrate that SubZero can reproduce the crucial observed sea ice characteristics, including the area transport and variance in area fluxes. We found that a size-dependent critical stress criterion was necessary to simulate the power-law exponent in this domain's floe size distribution. Conducting simulations with and without the islands, we demonstrate the effectiveness of floe-scale models in simulating sea ice dynamics in straits and emphasize small islands' crucial role in affecting overall transport.
A new expression for fluid factor using AVO intercept and gradient: theory and application on deep marine reservoir
Authors: Farfour Mohammed , Castagna John
Published: September 2024

Numerous AVO fluid indicators have been introduced and proven to be sensitive to hydrocarbon presence. Mathematically, fluid indicators measure the deviation of seismic responses of hydrocarbon-saturated reservoirs from their background in a specific domain. We introduce a new expression for the fluid factor commonly used in AVO analysis and interpretation. The expression is a function of common AVO intercept and gradient and a weighting coefficient that helps suppressing the contribution of lithology and other factors not related to fluid content. The coefficient also assists in calibrating the fluid factor to the local geology. The performance of the proposed fluid factor is compared with other existing fluid factors. All the fluid factors are tested on a worldwide collection of P and S velocity and density measurements. The test is followed by an application on real data from the Northwest Shelf of Australia. Three wells are used in the application; two are used for calibration while the third is used as blind well. The fluid factor detects the gas zones at the three well locations and identifies prospects that have not been drilled.
Contributions to the discussion of novel detection of dark oxygen production at the abyssal seafloor
Authors: Downes Patrick , Marsh Leigh , Bento Joaquim , Webber Alexander , Clarke Michael
Published: September 2024

There is an overwhelming consensus between researchers based on a vast body of peer-reviewed literature that deep sea ecosystems constitute an oxygen sink. Specific studies on abyssal seafloor regions that contain polymetallic nodules have also confirmed this result. In contrast to this well-founded and longstanding paradigm, Sweetman et al. claim to provide evidence to support a hypothesis that polymetallic nodules abiotically produce oxygen in the deep sea. In response, we critique the methodology that the authors outline and present previously non-disclosed data and metadata directly related to the experiments they present. Furthermore, we highlight previously published data that Sweetman et al. include without citation and critical metadata that they omit. The data and metadata that Sweetman et al. omit significantly alters how one interprets the results and directly undermines their claims. Given these revelations, we suggest that the hypothesis that polymetallic nodules produce oxygen can be wholly rejected.
Neural reinstatement of encoding context mediates the switch between fear and extinction recall
Authors: Hennings Augustin C. , Bibb Sophia A. , Lewis-Peacock Jarrod , Dunsmoor Joseph E.
Published: September 2024

Fear conditioning and extinction generate conflicting memory representations for a conditioned stimulus (CS). Retrieval of either memory is largely determined by the context where the CS is encountered. While fear typically generalizes to CSs encountered in new contexts, extinction is specific to the environment in which it was learned. Here we used an fMRI design (N = 30) to tag and track the extent which individual participants reinstated competing episodic mental contexts associated with threat conditioning and extinction. We examined whether reactivation of past encoding contexts influences threat expectancy behavior and neural responses to a threat-ambiguous CS encountered in a new context. Results showed that the relative balance between conditioning and extinction context reinstatement in higher-order visual cortex influenced threat expectancy and neural activity in canonical threat processing regions. The link between context reinstatement and fear-related processes was specific to an extinguished CS, as opposed to an unextinguished CS that had never been encountered in the extinction context. These effects were observed 24 hours later, but not after 3 weeks. Additionally, threat conditioning produced long-lasting changes in primary sensory cortex that persisted up to 3 weeks following extinction. These findings show that neural representations of threat can endure over long durations, even in the healthy brain. Our results indicate competition between divergent mental contexts determines feelings of danger or safety when the meaning of the CS is ambiguous, and suggest a mechanism by which the brain resolves ambiguity by reinstating the more dominant context associated with either fear or extinction.
How do negative symptoms and social cognitive impairments overlap? Clustering analyses on patients living with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder.
Authors: Carling Hannah , Thibaudeau Elisabeth , Sauvé Geniviève , Penney Danielle , Lavigne Katie M. , Lepage Martin , Raucher-Chéné Delphine
Published: September 2024

Negative symptoms and social cognition (SC) are intertwined in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) but the structure of this interaction is not yet fully understood. We employed cluster analyses to advance our understanding of the relationship between negative symptom severity and SC. We sought to identify discrete groups of patients as a function of two factors of negative symptoms – Motivation and Pleasure (MAP) and Expressivity (EXP) – and two domains of SC: emotion recognition (ER) and theory of mind (ToM). We conducted two cluster analyses to determine data-driven subgroups using two independent samples of SSD participants. The first conducted with an open dataset (n = 296) and the second with a local sample (n = 138), to assess replicability. The first cluster analysis revealed a 3-cluster solution. Both analyses highlighted distinct profiles: a ‘Relatively Preserved’ Profile; a ‘Combined Impairment’ profile, with high negative symptoms and impaired ER and ToM; and a ‘MAP’ profile, with high MAP symptoms, some EXP symptoms, and slightly to moderately impaired ER and ToM. Reducing the heterogeneity in clinical presentations of SSD patients on these dimensions of negative symptoms and social cognition provides relevant information that could contribute to a more effective selection of interventions.
Can we teach an old dog new tricks? Teaching how to design, implement and evaluate behaviour change interventions to health promoters in Paraguay and Bangladesh
Authors: Teran-Escobar Claudia , Christofori-Khadka Monika , Chalabaev Aïna , Rähle Nicole
Published: September 2024

Background. Behaviour change interventions (BCIs) have been widely used to promote health in communities. However, health practitioners rarely carry out the whole procedure of BCIs. Training health promoters might have the potential to change practitioners’ practices which ultimately might lead to behaviour change in the real world.Objective. To evaluate the effects of a ten-module training about behaviour change on practicioners’ knowledge, self-efficacy and intention towards using behaviour change interventions.Methods. A theoretical and practical training on how to elaborate, implement and evaluate theory- and evidence-based behaviour change interventions was delivered to Health Promotion Technicians (N=40) working in Paraguay (2022) and Bangladesh (2024). Knowledge about BCIs was assessed by using a multiple-choice test. Moreover, self-efficacy and intention towards elaborating and evaluating BCIs were assessed by using scales, four times for the participants in Paraguay and twice for Bangladesh. Multilevel analysis was used to analyse the data.Results. Knowledge (b = 4.95, CI [3.73, 6.17], p < .001), self-efficacy towards using BCIs (b = 0.65, CI [0.35, 0.94], p < .001) and intention towards using BCIs (b = 0.36, CI [0.12, 0.60], p = .005) significantly increased over the time of the training.Conclusions. The training seems to increase the health technicians’ knowledge, self-efficacy and intention towards using BCIs. Further studies and further collaborations with non-governmental organizations working with often neglected communities (e.g., minorities, people living in rural areas) should assess the effectiveness of the training and assess changes in actual community health.
Gender Homogeneity in Philosophy and Methodology of Economics: Evidence from Publication Patterns
Authors: Truc Alexandre , Claveau François , Herfeld Catherine , Larivière Vincent
Published: September 2024

This study examines gender diversity among authors in philosophy and methodology of economics, comparing it to the disciplines of economics and philosophy. Using bibliometric methods, we find that philosophy and methodology of economics, as an interdisciplinary field, consistently had a lower share of women authors than its parent disciplines, which are the two social sciences and humanities disciplines that are the furthest from gender parity. Although homogeneity compounding generally characterizes the whole field of philosophy and methodology of economics, one small and temporary subfield, making contributions to heterodox economics, structural realism, and the discussion on pluralism in economics, constituted a pocket of gender diversity. Alongside a more general discussion of possible reasons behind the striking gender imbalance in the field, we also elaborate on possible reasons for the limited size and duration of this pocket of diversity.
Changes in the flora of arable ecosystem on chernozem during the first years after the cessation of agrogenic influence
Authors:   Azov-Black Sea Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Trushkov A.V. , Kupryushkin D.P. ,   Southern Federal University, Dmitriev P.A. ,   Southern Federal University, Kazeev K.Sh. ,   Southern Federal University, Sobina A.S. ,   Southern Federal University, Kozun Yu.S. ,   Southern Federal University, Kolesnikov S.I. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study Assessment of the floristic composition dynamics during four years after cessation of agrogenic influence on an long-term ploughed plot of ordinary chernozem at the Botanical Garden of the Southern Federal University. Location and time of the study. The research was conducted in the botanical garden of the Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don) in 2016-2019. Methods. Geobotanical descriptions were carried out according to conventional methods. Results. During the first four years of abandonement, the floral composition of the studied area increased from nine plant species in the first year to 48 species due to spontaneous revegetation. In the first year of the postagrogenic regime, Asteraceae were the dominant family (96% of the total number of species). Subsequently, the share of this family decreased by 45% after two years and by 40% after three years. Four years after the start of the experiment, in addition to the Asteraceae family (33.3%), Poaceae (17%), Brassicaceae (4.2%), Apiaceae (4.2%), Polygonaceae (4.2%), Fabaceae (4.2%), Rosaceae (4.2%) prevailed in the community, whereas the remaining families accounted for 29%. The productivity of the abandoned site depended on the season of the study. Compared with the first year of observations, the total phytomass stock decreased by 26% by the fourth year of the postagrogenic regime. The spontaneous revegetation of the abandoned plot led to an improvement in the ecological condition and an increase in the biological activity of the soil. Conclusions. Abandonement of the arable land resulted in a rapid increase in flora diversity, in the first years mainly due to the Asteraceae family. Phytomass at the abandoned land increased in the first year due to the cessation of ploughing and consequent spontaneous revegetation. Vegetation development led to an improvement of the ecological condition and increased biological activity of the soil.
دور تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين جودة الخدمات الفندقية دراسة نظرية
Authors: ريام عبد الوهاب احمد
Published: September 2024

تسعى الدراسة الى التطرق لمفهوم الذكاء الاصطناعي ومعرفة دوره في تحسين جودة الخدمات الفندقية، وتمثلت الاشكالية : في ان اغلب المنظمات الفندقية في العراق تواجه عدة مشاكل في تحسين الجودة باستخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي ، ولقد هدفت الدراسة الى ابراز اهمية عناصر الذكاء الاصطناعي ، ولقد تم اتباع المنهج الوصفي في عرض المفاهيم والتوصل الى النتائج من خلال استخدام المجلات العلمية المحكمة والمواقع الالكترونية ، وتنبع اهمية هذه الدراسة من الربط بين الذكاء الاصطناعي الذي يعد من المفاهيم الجديدة وجودة الخدمة التي تمثل اهم اساسيات نجاح المنظمة , ولقد تم التوصل الى ان تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي تساعد كثيرا في تجميع البيانات الخاصة بالسياح وتحليلها بسرعة فائقة والتي تؤدي الى تحسين جودة الخدمات الفندقية المقدمة