bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metal Hydrogen Sulfates Catalyzed Methoxymethylation of Alcohols under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Niknam Khodabakhsh , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Shayegh Mohsen , Zare Reza
Published: May 2015

Methoxymethylation of a variety of alcohols was performed by using formaldehyde dimethoxy acetal in the presence of metal hydrogen sulfate M(HSO4)n at room temperature and solvent‐free conditions. The methoxymethyl ethers (MOM‐ethers) were obtained with high yields and purity.
Studies on α‐Bromination of Ketone in Hydrindane Ring System
Authors: Yunus Uzma , Winterfeldt Ekkhard
Published: May 2015

The present paper describes the results of various attempts to synthesize 5‐bromo‐6‐ketone (11). When standard procedures for the α‐bromination were tried, a mixture of 5‐bromo‐6‐ketone (11) and 7‐bromo‐6‐ketone (12) was obtained. However, when bromination was carried out under buffered conditions, the desired 5‐bromo‐6‐ketone (11) could be obtained in a good yield.
Synthesis, Characterization, Luminescence, and Electrochemistry of the Tetranuclear Gold(I) Amidinate Clusters, Precursors to CO Oxidation Catalysts: Au4[(ArNC(H)NAr)]4, Au4[(PhNC(Ph)NPh)]4 and Au4[PhNC(CH3)NPh)4]
Authors: Abdou Hanan E. , Mohamed Ahmed A. , Fackler John P.
Published: May 2015

A summary of the chemistry of the tetranuclear Au(I) amidinate complexes is presented. Tetranuclear Au(I) amidinate clusters are produced by the reaction of the sodium salt of a amidine ligand with the gold precursor Au(THT)Cl in a (1:1) stoichiometry. The structures of the tetranuclear Au4[ArNC(H)NAr]4, Ar = C6H4‐4‐OMe, C6H3‐3,5‐Cl, C6H4‐4‐Me, C6H4‐3‐CF3, C6F5, C10H7 and the tetranuclear Au4[(PhNC(Ph)NPh]4 and Au4[PhNC(CH3)NPh]4 have been characterized by X‐ray crystallography. The average Au···Au distance between adjacent Au(I) atoms is ˜3.0 Å, typical of compounds having an aurophilic interaction. The four gold atoms are located at the corner of a rhomboid with the amidinate ligands bridged above and below the near plane of the four Au(I) atoms. The angles at Au···Au···Au in the cyclic units are between 70° and 116°. The tetranuclear gold(I) amidinate clusters each show different luminescence behavior. The tetranuclear clusters Au4[(ArNC(H)NAr]4, Ar = C6H4‐4‐OMe, Ar = C6H4‐3‐CF3, Ar = C6H4‐4‐Me and Ar = C6H4‐3,5‐Cl are the first tetranuclear gold(I) cluster species from group 11 elements that show fluorescence at room temperature. The tetranuclear naphthyl derivative Ar = C10H7 is luminescent only at 77 K. The pentafluorophenyl derivative Ar = C6F5 does not show any photoluminescence in the solid state nor in the solution. The lifetimes of the naphthyl and trifluoromethylphenyl complexes are in the millisecond range indicating phosphorescent processes. Electrochemical and chemical oxidation studies of the tetranuclear Au(I) amidinate clusters are presented. The tetranuclear complexes Au4[ArNC(H)NAr]4, Ar = C6H4‐4‐OMe, Ar = C6H4‐4‐Me, and Ar = C6H3‐3,5‐Cl, show three reversible waves at 0.75, 0.95, 1.09 V vs. Ag/AgCl at a scan rate of 500 mV/s in 0.1 M Bu4NPF6/CH2Cl2 at a Pt working electrode in CH2Cl2. Three reversible waves at 0.87, 1.19, 1.42 V vs. Ag/AgCl at a scan rate of 100 mV/s are also observed for the tetranuclear complex Au4[PhNC(Ph)NPh]4 in CH2Cl2. The pentafluorophenyl amidinate derivative, Au4[ArNC(H)NAr]4, Ar = C6F5 shows no oxidation wave below 1.8 V. Recently it has been shown that Au4[ArNC(H)NAr]4 is a very effective catalyst precursor for room temperature CO oxidation.
Tribromoisocyanuric Acid (TBCA) and Oxone®‐MX Systems as Oxidizing Agents: Oxidative Coupling of Thiols to Their Corresponding Disulfides under Mild and Heterogeneous Conditions
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Niknam Khodabakhsh , Bagherzadeh Mojtaba , Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Koukabi Nadiya , Hajjami Maryam , Kolvari Eskandar
Published: May 2015

Tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) and Oxone®‐MX systems were used as effective oxidizing agents for the oxidation of thiols to their corresponding disulfides under mild conditions at room temperature with good to excellent yields.
Oxidative Methyl Esterification of Primary Alcohols with Iodine‐Mediated Poly[4‐(Diacetoxyiodo)Styrene]
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Ling , Lin Shu‐Ying , Sheng Shou‐Ri , Wei Mei‐Hong , Gong Bin
Published: May 2015

An operationally simple oxidative methyl esterification of primary alcohols in good yields using an iodine‐mediated poly[4‐(diacetoxyiodo)styrene] in methanol at room temperature is described. The polymeric reagent can be regenerated and reused as an environmentally benign reagent.
Computation of Rotation Matrices Making Lined‐Up to the Local Cartesian Coordinates
Authors: Yakar Yusuf , Özmen Ayhan , ÇLakir Bekir , Yüksel Hüseyin
Published: May 2015

Rotation matrices were expressed in terms of Gaunt coefficients and complex spherical harmonics. The rotation matrices were calculated using two different ways. In the first, Gaunt coefficients and normalized complex spherical harmonics were directly calculated using binomial coefficients; in the second, Gaunt coefficients and complex spherical harmonics were recursively calculated. The methods were compared with respect to accuracy and computation time (CPU) for low and very high quantum numbers.
A Comparison between the Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on Carbon‐13 Isotropic Shielding Constants of Some Tripodal Tetraamine Ligands
Authors: Salehzadeh Sadegh , Bayat Mehdi
Published: May 2015

The direct implementation of GIAO and CSGT methods for calculation of 13C isotropic shielding constants of fully protonated forms of six tripodal tetraamine ligands tren, pee, ppe, tpt, epb and ppb at the Hartree‐Fock level of theory are presented. The shielding constants were determined using hybrid methods (including a mixture of Hartree‐Fock exchange and DFT exchange‐correlation) and are close to the experimental data. A splayed‐like conformation was considered for fully protonated forms of all ligands, and it was confirmed that this is the most stable conformation for the latter form of such ligands. A good linear correlation between the calculated chemical shielding at gas‐phase and experimental shift values in D2O solution was obtained.
Phenolic Compounds from Elsholtzia Bodinieri Van't
Authors: Hu Hao‐Bin , Jian Yu‐Feng , Cao Hong , Zheng Xu‐Dong
Published: May 2015

Seven phenolic compounds, including one new compound trans‐3,4,3′,5′‐tetrahydroxy‐4′‐methylstilbene 4‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), together with six known compounds (+)‐hinokiol (2), 6‐hydroxy‐5,7‐dimethoxycoumarin (3), caffeic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), 4‐hydroxy‐2,6‐dimethoxyphenol‐1‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (6) and 4‐allyl‐2,6‐dimethoxyphenol‐1‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (7), were isolated from the root bark of Elsholtzia bodinieri Van't. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence.
Adsorptive Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry for Determination of Trace Amounts of Noscapine in Human Plasma
Authors: Niazi Ali
Published: May 2015

A new adsorptive anodic differential pulse stripping voltammetry method for the direct determination of noscapine at trace levels in human plasma of addicts is proposed. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of noscapine on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE), followed by oxidation of adsorbed noscapine by voltammetry scan using differential pulse modulation. The optimum conditions for the analysis of noscapine are pH = 8.5 using Britton‐Robinson (B‐R) buffer, accumulation potential of −100 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), and accumulation time of 150 s. The peak current is proportional to the concentration of noscapine, and a linear calibration graph is obtained at 0.015–2.75 μg mL−1. A relative standard deviation of 1.28% (n = 5) was obtained, and the limit of detection was 7 ng mL−1. The capability of the method for the analysis of real samples was evaluated by determination of noscapine in spiked human plasma and addicts, human plasma with satisfactory results.
Computer Simulation of Eley‐Rideal Reactions Over Rough Surface
Authors: Chaudhari Ajay , Rabbani Gulam , Lee Shyi‐Long
Published: May 2015

The effect of surface roughness on an Eley‐Rideal reaction mechanism is studied. The rough surfaces are generated over a 2‐dimensional square lattice using the random deposition model. In an Eley‐Rideal reaction mechanism, a reacting particle approaches from the bulk and reacts with an active site upon collision with it. Three different rough surfaces are considered for the study. Multifractal scaling analysis is performed where the complex distribution of reaction probabilities is analyzed. Two cases of reactions are considered. 1) The reacting particle reacts at its first contact to the surface and 2) the reacting particle diffuses till it finds the lowest‐height position and reacts. The results obtained from the above two cases are compared. Significant differences between τ(q) and f(α) multifractal spectra for these two cases are found. The larger deviation from linearity in the τ(q) curves for the latter than the former gives wider f(α) spectra, indicating greater heterogeneity in the reaction probability distribution. Dynamic scaling theory is also applied on the Eley‐Rideal reaction mechanism over the surface with different surface roughnesses to obtain the two scaling parameters αd and βd. The values of αd and βd are found to be negative.
Oxidation of 2‐Phenylethylamine with N‐Bromosuccinimide in Acid and Alkaline Media: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Mohana Kikkeri N. , Ramdas Bhandarkar Paanemangalore M.
Published: May 2015

A kinetic study of oxidation of 2‐phenylethylamine (PEA), a bioactive compound, with potent oxidant, N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) has been carried out in HCl and NaOH media at 313 K. The experimental rate laws obtained are: ‐d [NBS] /dt = k[NBS][PEA][H+] in hydrochloric acid medium and ‐d [NBS]/dt = k[NBS][PEA]x[OH−]y in alkaline medium where x and y are less than unity. Accelerating effect of [Cl−], and retardation of the added succinimide on the reaction rate have been observed in acid medium. Variation of ionic strength of the medium shows negligible effect on rate of reaction in both media. Decrease in dielectric permittivity of the medium decreased the rate in both media. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:1 in acid medium and 1:2 in the case of alkaline medium. The oxidation products of PEA were identified as the corresponding aldehyde and nitrile in acid and alkaline medium, respectively. The reactions were studied at different temperatures and the activation parameters have been evaluated. The reaction constants involved in the proposed mechanisms were computed. The reaction was found to be faster in alkaline medium in comparison with the acid medium, which is attributed to the involvement of different oxidizing species. The proposed mechanisms and the derived rate laws are consistent with the observed experimental results.
Two New Tetracyclic Triterpenoids and Other Constituents from Aster Ageratoides var. Oophyllus
Authors: Yan Fu‐Lin , Yao Su‐Mei , Zhou Yao
Published: May 2015

Two new tetracyclic triterpenoids shiona‐19(E),21‐dien‐3β‐ol (1), and shiona‐22(29)‐en‐3β,21‐diol (2), together with four known compounds shiona‐21‐en‐3β‐ol (3), friedelinol (4), β‐sitosterol (5), and (24R)‐stigmast‐7,22(E)‐dien‐3a‐ol (6) were isolated from Aster ageratoides var. oophyllus. The structures of two new compounds were established on the basis of IR, MS, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods.
Polymer‐Supported Hypervalent Iodine Reagent Mediated Synthesis of α‐Azidoketones
Authors: Wang Huey‐Min , Hou Rei‐Sheu , Wu Jian‐Long , Chen Ling‐Ching
Published: May 2015

The reaction of aryl ketones with sodium azide using polymer‐supported bis(trifluoroacetoxyiodo)‐benzene (PSBTI) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) to prepare α‐azidoketones in one‐pot conditions is reported.
Basic Alumina as an Efficient Catalyst for Preparation of Semicarbazones in Solvent Free Conditions
Authors: Kiasat Ali Reza , Kazemi Foad , Mehrjardi Mehdi Fallah
Published: May 2015

An efficient and simple procedure for conversion of different classes of aldehydes and ketones into the corresponding semicarbazones with semicarbazide hydrochloride using basic alumina is studied.
Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled Tryptamine Derivatives
Authors: Wang Yu‐Yun , Chen Chinpiao
Published: May 2015

The synthesis of deuterium labeled tryptamine derivatives, [2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐[2H4]‐ethyl]‐dimethylamine (DMT), [2H10]‐diethyl‐[2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐ethyl]‐amine (DET), [2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐ethyl]‐[2H6]‐dipropyl‐amine (DPT) and [2H2]‐alpha‐methyltryptamine (AMT) is described. The isotopically labeled compounds are used as internal standards in gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) assays.
Physical Properties of 8‐Substituted 5,7‐Dichloro‐2‐Styrylquinolines as Potential Light Emitting Materials
Authors: Chen Grace Shiahuy , Talekar Rahul Subhash , Wong Ken‐Tsung , Chi Liang‐Chen , Chern Ji‐Wang
Published: May 2015

Derivatives of 5,7‐dichloro‐2‐styrylquinoline (1), modified at position 8 of quinoline moiety with a methyl ether (4, DCSQM) or acetate (5, DCSQA), were synthesized and investigated. Both compounds exhibited high thermal stability (Td > 320 °C). The UV‐vis absorption of DCSQM and DCSQA varied only slightly in different solvents, whereas the emission spectra showed pronounced red shifts with increasing solvent polarity, suggesting the intramolecular charge transfer character of the emission state. Compounds 4 and 5 can emit lights from blue to green color in different solvents. The solvent polarity dependent electronic transitions are attributed to efficient intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) processes, in which the HOMOs and LUMOs are localized on the styrene‐based ring and the quinoline‐based moiety, respectively. The quinoline‐based LUMO provides compelling evidence that the first reduction site occurs on the electron‐deficient quinoline moiety.
Microwave Dielectric Behaviour of 1,2‐Propanediol‐Water Mixture Studied Using Time Domain Reflectometry Technique
Authors: Chavan Satyajit , Kumbharkhane Ashok , Mehrotra Suresh
Published: May 2015

The dielectric behaviour of 1,2‐propanediol was investigated to understand the effect of the hydroxyl group on the dielectric parameters. The measurement of permittivity ϵî and ϵîî of 1,2‐propanediol was carried out in the frequency range 10 MHz to 20 GHz at 25 °C temperature. Static permittivity and dielectric relaxation time are extracted from a 1,2‐propanediol‐water mixture using the bilinear calibration method and non‐linear least squares fit method. Calculated Kirkwood correlation factor contains information regarding solute‐solvent interaction. The hydrogen bonded model suggested by Luzar is applied to determine the molecular parameters. The excess dielectric parameters and Bruggeman factor show the systematic change in the dielectric parameter of the system with change in concentration.
A New Silver(I) Potentiometric Sensor Based on a Calix[4]arene Substituted at the Narrow Rim by Amide/Phosphoryl Groups
Authors: Parsa Majid , Yaftian Mohammad Reza , Matt Dominique
Published: May 2015

A coated‐wire type silver ion‐selective electrode has been constructed using a modified p‐tert‐butyl‐calix[4]arene by amide‐phosphoryl groups, named 5, 11, 17, 23‐tetra‐tert‐butyl‐25, 27‐bis(diethylcarbamoylmethoxy)‐26,28‐bis(diphenylphosphinoylmethoxy)calix[4]arene (Calix), as neutral carrier. A plasticized PVC membrane containing 30% PVC, 60% ortho‐nitrophenyloctylether (NPOE), 2% sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) and 8% “Calix” was coated on a graphite rod. The prepared electrode exhibited a linear Nernstian response over the range 1 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−2 M with a slope 58.4 (±0.2) mV per decade change and a detection limit of 6.3 × 10−7 M. The working pH range of the sensor is 4‐6.7. It is found that the dynamic response time of the electrode to achieve a steady potential was very fast (∼11 s). The selectivity of the sensor relative to NH4+, Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, La3+, Sm3+ and Th4+ was examined. The prepared electrode exhibits adequate stability with good reproducibility (57.6 ± 0.5 mV per decade change for 10 weeks). It was successfully used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of silver ions with standard solution of EDTA. The sensor was also used for silver ion measurements in various synthetic samples.
A Lead‐Selective Membrane Electrode Based Upon a Phosphorylated Hexahomotrioxacalix[3]Arene
Authors: Yaftian Mohammad Reza , Parinejad Massoumeh , Matt Dominique
Published: May 2015

Solvent extraction of a mixture of PbII, MnII, FeIII, CoII, NiII and CdII in aqueous perchlorate medium by a phosphorylated hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene (calix‐3) in dichloromethane shows a significant selectivity towards lead ions. The ligand can also be incorporated into a membrane to provide a new lead ion‐selective electrode (PbII‐ISE). A plasticized PVC membrane containing 30% PVC, 53.5% ortho‐nitrophenyloctylether (NPOE), 4.5% sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) and 12% ionophore was directly coated on a graphite rod. This sensor gave a good Nernstian response of 29.7 ± 0.7 mV decade−1 over a concentration range of 1 × 10−8 – 1 × 10−4 M of lead ions, independent of pH in the range 3‐7, with a detection limit of 0.4 × 10−8 M. The dynamic response time of the electrode to achieve a steady potential was very fast and found to be less than 7 s. The selectivity relative to Ag+, NH4+, Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, La3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Er3+, Y3+ and Th4+ was examined. The electrode exhibits adequate stability with good reproducibility (with a slope of 29.6 ± 1.5 mV for 8 weeks). The characteristics of the sensor are compared with those of a tetraphosphorylated calix[4]arene (calix‐4) based PbII‐ISE, reported recently. The electrode was successfully used as an indicator electrode for a potentiometric titration of a lead solution using a standard solution of EDTA. The applicability of the sensor for lead ion measurements in various synthetic samples was also investigated.
Triterpenoids and other Constituents from Euphorbia Humifusa
Authors: Pei Ying‐Ge , Wu Quan‐Xiang , Shi Yan‐Ping
Published: May 2015

A novel lupane‐type triterpenoid, 3,4‐seco‐lupa‐4(23), 20(29)‐dien‐24‐hydroxy‐3‐oic acid (1) and a new cycloartane‐type triterpenoid, 23(E)‐cycloart‐23‐en‐25‐ethoxy‐3β‐ol (7), as well as eighteen known compounds, were isolated from the hot ethanol extract of the whole plant of Euphorbia humifusa Willd. The new structures were characterized by means of spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS, and the known ones were established on the basis of comparing their NMR data with those of the corresponding compounds in the literature. In addition, cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell human gastric carcinoma (SGC‐7901) of compounds 1,3,4,6 were measured in vitro.
Diastereoselective Three Component Reaction of N‐Glyoxyloyl Camphorpyrazolidinone, Amine and Allyltributylstannane: Facile Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines
Authors: Chang Chih‐Liang , Chen Kwun‐Min
Published: May 2015

Diastereoselective allylation of imine derived from N‐glyoxyloyl camphorpyrazolidinone and amines was treated with allyltributylstannane in the presence of triflic acid. The corresponding optically enriched homoallylic amines were obtained in reasonable to high material yields and with practical levels of stereoselectivity in 10 min at ambient temperature.
Laser Induced Transient Structures in a 150 nm Gold Crystal
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Hua , Tomov Ivan V. , Rentzepis Peter M.
Published: May 2015

The evolution of transient structures induced in gold crystals by irradiation with 400 nm, 100 fs laser pulses has been measured by means of time resolved x‐ray diffraction. The data show that the photon/electron interaction generates a hot electron wave on a 150 nm Au crystal, which is responsible for a “blast force” that generates an intense shock wave that alters the lattice structure as it propagates, with sound velocity, through the bulk of the crystal. This mechanical force is developed within 1‐2 ps after the laser pulse interacts with the gold surface electrons. Other major effects that have contributed to the strain in the lattice have also been evaluated.
Alumina Supported 12‐Tungstophosphoric Acid as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzodiazepines
Authors: Abdollahi‐Alibeik Mohammad , Zaghaghi Zahra , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj
Published: May 2015

Alumina supported 12‐tungstophosphoric acid catalyzes efficiently the reaction of o‐phenylenediamine with ketones under solvent‐free condition to afford the corresponding 1,5‐benzodiazepines in good to excellent yields. The catalyst can be recovered and reused.
Study on Chromium‐Containing Aluminophosphate CrAPO‐5 via Density Functional Theory
Authors: Cheng Hsiu‐Yao , Chang Jung‐Tzu
Published: May 2015

Various structures of CrAPO‐5 clusters are studied via density functional B3LYP exchange‐correlation method. The optimized structures are compared with data from X‐ray absorption. Their total energies and atomic net charges are also analyzed. Results indicate that the substitution of the aluminum site of an AFI framework by chromium is in general not feasible. The chromium ion is more likely docked in between two neighboring 12‐membered rings of the framework of AFI. To further verify our claim, the excitation energies of the representative chromium structures of CrAPO‐5 clusters are calculated via the TDDFT method. The results for excitation energies further support that Cr3+ is not incorporated into the framework.
Determination of Point of Zero Charge of Tunisian Kaolinites by Potentiometric and Mass Titration Methods
Authors: Kriaa A. , Hamdi N. , Srasra E.
Published: May 2015

This paper deals with determining points of zero charge of natural and Na+‐saturated mineral kaolinites using two methods: (1) acid‐base potentiometric titration was employed to obtain the adsorption of H+ and OH− on amphoteric surfaces in solutions of varying ionic strengths in order to determinate graphically the point of zero net proton charge (PZNPC) defined equally as point of zero salt effect (PZSE); (2) mass titration curve at different electrolyte concentrations in order to estimate PZNPCs by interpolation and to compare with those determined by potentiometric titrations. The two methods involved points of zero charge approximately similar for the two kaolinites between 6.5‐7.8, comparable to those reported previously and were in the range expected for these clay minerals. The comparison of potentiometric surface titration curves obtained at 25 °C and those published in the literature reveals significant discrepancies both in the shape and in the pH of PZNPCs values.
Solid Phase Extraction of Neutral Analytes through Silica Gel Coated with Layers of Au Nanoparticles Self‐Assembled with Alkanethiols
Authors: Liu Fu‐Ken
Published: May 2015

In this study, we used Au nanoparticle (NP)‐coated silica gel as a solid phase extraction sorbent for the preconcentration of neutral analytes (steroid drugs). The sorbent was fabricated using two alkanethiol self‐assembly processes: one to deposit the Au NPs onto a 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane‐modified silica gel and the other to functionalize the surfaces of the Au NPs. A large volume of the steroid solution was passed through the silica gel to facilitate adsorption mediated by hydrophobic interactions between the steroids and the hydrophobic moieties on the silica gel surface. Extraction of the steroids was accomplished by flushing the silica gel with a low‐polarity solvent. In this preliminary study, we found that the particle size of the silica gel and the number of layers of Au NPs coated on the silica gel both affected the preconcentration performance for the steroids. When using six layers of Au NPs coated on 5–20‐μm silica gel, the detection limits for steroids were below 80 ng L−1; the preconcentration efficiency was over 170‐fold higher than that of the original steroid solution. Our findings provide further evidence that nanotechnology has much to benefit analytical science.
The Nitrogen‐Assisted Triphenylphosphine Displacement of Methylpyridine Ligand in Palladium(II) Complex: Crystal Structures of [Pd(PPh3)2{η1‐C5H3N(CH3)}(Br)] and [Pd(PPh3)Br]2{μ,η2‐C5H3N(CH3)}2
Authors: Yih Kuang‐Hway , Lee Gene‐Hsiang
Published: May 2015

Treatment of Pd(PPh3)4 with 2‐bromo‐4‐methylpyridine, C5H3N(CH3)Br, in dichloromethane at −20 °C causes the oxidative addition reaction to produce the palladium complex [Pd(PPh3)2 {η1‐C5H3N(CH3)}(Br)], 2, by substituting two triphenylphosphine ligands. In a dichloromethane solution of complex 2 at room temperature for 3 h, it undergoes displacement of the triphenylphosphine ligand to form the dipalladium complex [Pd(PPh3)Br]2{μ,η2‐C5H3N(CH3)}2, 3, in which the two 4‐methylpyridine ligands coordinated through carbon to one metal center and bridging the other metal through the nitrogen atom. Complexes 2 and 3 are characterized by X‐ray diffraction analyses.
Synthesis of Some Newer Analogues of 4‐Hydroxyphenyl Acetic Acid as Potent Anti‐Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Amir Mohammad , Javed Sadique A. , Kumar Harish
Published: May 2015

A series of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole and 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives of 4‐hydroxyphenyl acetic acid have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced rat paw edema method. The compounds, which showed good anti‐inflammatory activity, were screened for their ulcerogenic and lipid peroxidation activities.
Enamination of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with Amines
Authors: Khodaei M. M. , Khosropour A. R. , Cardel C.
Published: May 2015

Enamination of a wide variety of primary amines was successfully described with excellent chemo‐selectivity in the presence of catalytic amounts of β‐cyclodextrin in water under mild conditions. Aliphatic amines also reacted efficiently to produce the corresponding enaminones.
A Novel, Simple and Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐Benzo[d]imidazo[2,1‐b]Thiazole Derivatives via a Multicomponent Procedure
Authors: Sun Chang , Ji Shun‐Jun , Liu Yu
Published: May 2015

3‐Amino‐benzo[d]imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles were synthesized in moderate to good yields in the presence of NH4Cl via a one pot procedure. All the products were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, HRMS.
Molecular Simulation of HER2/neu Degradation by Inhibiting HSP90
Authors: Chen Calvin Yu‐Chian , Chen Guan‐Wen , Chen Winston Yu‐Chen
Published: May 2015

Several flavonoids were investigated for the degradation of the HER2/neu (ErbB‐2), while the mechanism is still unknown. A hypothesis was generated here that the inhibition of HER2/neu expression was blocked by heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) through 1‐benzyl‐3‐(5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furyl)indazole (YC‐1) derivatives and flavonoids. In order to ensure the accuracy of the simulated protein structure, the RMSD value between the ligand in crystal structure from PDB and the ligand docking into HSP90α was 1.13 Å. By molecular simulation, the flavonoids and YC‐1 derivatives were employed to dock into HSP90α. The results showed a good correlation between the evaluation scores of the flavonoids/HSP90α complexes and the IC50 of flavonoids‐induced degradation of HER2/neu. The YC‐1 derivatives showed higher score values and lower interaction energies on average. Especially, the CLC107 got the highest rank in Potential of Mean Force (PMF) and Dock Score. Luteolin showed the highest dock score and quercetin had the lowest interaction energy of all flavonoid derivatives. This study investigated that the YC‐1 derivatives and the flavonoids may be potent inhibitors for HSP90α in antitumor strategies.
Effect of Aging on the Physico Chemical Properties of Glass Fiber under Different Environmental Conditions
Authors: Khan Muzzaffar , Akhtar Gul , Saeed Arshad , Ullah Najeeb , Ahmad Imtiaz
Published: May 2015

Glass fibers were characterized for physical and chemical changes before and after subjecting to aging under different environmental conditions. The conditions selected were: low temperature, outdoor atmosphere, indoor atmosphere, chemical environment, 95% humidity & water soaking treatment. The results show that glass fiber is a good candidate to resist sunlight, corrosive atmosphere, low temperature and shady atmosphere. The influence of prolonged time exposure to water caused a detrimental effect on the properties of the glass fiber. Hence, prolonged exposure to water should be avoided for the integrity of the glass fiber under study.
Simultaneous Kinetic Determination of Phosphate and Silicate by Spectrophotometric H‐Point Standard Addition Method
Authors: Nekoei Mehdi , Mohammadhosseini Majid , Zarei Kobra
Published: May 2015

The H‐point standard addition method (HPSAM), based on spectrophotometric measurements for simultaneous determination of phosphate and silicate, has been established. The method is based on the difference between their reactions rates with molybdenum in the presence of ascorbic acid. The results revealed that phosphate and silicate could be determined simultaneously with the concentration ratios of phosphate to silicate varying from 1:10 to 12:1 in the binary mixtures. The effects of chelating agent nature, time, interferents and experimental variables are also investigated. Under working conditions, the proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of phosphate and silicate in synthetic detergents.
Preconcentration Ultra Trace of Cd(II) in Water Samples Using Dispersive Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction with Salen(N,N′‐Bis(Salicylidene)‐Ethylenediamine) and Determination Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Moghimi Ali
Published: May 2015

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique was successfully used as a sample preparation method for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS). In this extraction method, 500 μL methanol (disperser solvent) containing 34 μL carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent) and 0.00010 g Salen(N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine) (chelating agent) was rapidly injected by syringe into the water sample containing cadmium ions (interest analyte). Thereby, a cloudy solution formed. The cloudy state resulted from the formation of fine droplets of carbon tetrachloride, which have been dispersed, in bulk aqueous sample. At this stage, cadmium reacts with Salen(N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐ethylenediamine), and therefore, hydrophobic complex forms which is extracted into the fine droplets of carbon tetrachloride. After centrifugation (2 min at 5000 rpm), these droplets were sedimented at the bottom of the conical test tube (25 ± 1 μL). Then a 20 μL of sedimented phase containing enriched analyte was determined by GF AAS. Some effective parameters on extraction and complex formation, such as extraction and disperser solvent type and their volume, extraction time, salt effect, pH and concentration of the chelating agent have been optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 122 was obtained from only 5.00 mL of water sample. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 2‐21 ng L−1 with a detection limit of 0.5 ng L−1. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.s) for ten replicate measurements of 20 ng L−1 of cadmium was 2.9%. The relative recoveries of cadmium in tap, sea and rain water samples at a spiking level of 5 and 10 ng L−1 are 99, 94, 97 and 96%, respectively. The characteristics of the proposed method have been compared with cloud point extraction (CPE), on‐line liquid‐liquid extraction, single drop microextraction (SDME), on‐line solid phase extraction (SPE) and co‐precipitation based on bibliographic data. Therefore, DLLME combined with GF AAS is a very simple, rapid and sensitive method, which requires low volume of sample (5.00 mL).
The Synthesis of N‐Glycosyl‐N′‐Pyrazolylmethylene Aminothioureas under a 4Å Molecular Sieve
Authors: Zhao Yan‐Wu , Cao Ling‐Hua
Published: May 2015

A series of novel N‐glycosyl‐N′‐pyrazolylmethylene aminothioureas (4a‐4e, 5a‐5e) were synthesized from N‐glycosyl‐N′‐aminothioureas (2a‐2d) and 4‐formylpyrazole (3a‐3e). Activated 4Å molecular sieves were adopted for dehydrated reagent to improve the reaction rate and yield. The structures of the new compounds were identified on the basis of IR, 1H NMR and MS spectra. Simultaneously, the compounds were detected by fluorescence spectrophotometer and had preferable fluorescence activity, so they can be selected as a kind of novel fluorescence labeled derivative of sugar.
Selective 1,4‐Reduction of Chalcones with Zn/NH4Cl/C2H5OH/H2O
Authors: Li Jian‐Ping , Zhang Yong‐Xia , Ji Yan
Published: May 2015

In this paper, the Zn/NH4Cl/C2H5OH/H2O system was applied for the selective 1,4‐reduction of chalcones under mild conditions with high selectivity. The merit lies in inexpensive reagent, simple operation and environmental friendliness. The structures of the products were characterized by IR, 1HNMR, MS spectra and elemental analysis. A possible mechanism is also suggested.
Acyclic Diterpene‐γ‐Lactones and Flavonoid from Salix Cheilophila Omitted
Authors: Shen Tong , Tian Yong‐Qiang , Liu Wu‐Xia , Zheng Shang‐Zhen
Published: May 2015

Three new phytane‐type diterpene‐γ‐lactone shaliuin I (2), shaliuin II (3) and shaliuin III (4) were isolated along with thirteen known compounds from twigs of Salix cheilophila omitted (Chinese name “Shaliu”, Salicaceae). The structures of three new compounds have been established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and 2D NMR techniques.
Novel Route to (+)‐Pinitol Intermediate via a Strategy Derived from Diazotization of O‐Isopropylidene‐Protected 4‐Amino‐2‐Cyclohexen‐1‐ol
Authors: Lin Kuo‐Wei , Wang Ying‐Chuan , Yan Tu‐Hsin
Published: May 2015

A concise preparation of the enantiopure 1,2‐(isopropylidenedioxy)‐3,4‐epoxy‐5‐cyclohexene 2b, which is an important building block for (+)‐pinitol synthesis, evolved by combining the asymmetric cycloaddition of isopropylidenedioxy)cyclohexadiene to chiral chloronitroso with an internal substitution of an amino alcohol to create vinyl epoxide.
Efficient Synthesis of 4,5‐Disubstituted‐3‐Toluenesulfonyl Glutarimides. Application to the Formal Synthesis of Mappicine Ketone
Authors: Wang Yung‐Sheng , Chang Nein‐Chen , Lin Ching‐Han , Tai Huo‐Mu
Published: May 2015

Various 4,5‐disubstituted‐3‐sulfonyl glutarimides 3 were synthesized from α‐sulfonyl acetamide 1 and ethyl α,β‐disubstituted acrylate esters 2 via stepwise facile [3+3] annulation in moderate yield. The synthesis of pyridin‐2‐one 9, a key intermediate for mappicine ketone (4) synthesis, was also reported.
Investigation of Flavonoid Glycosides from Neolitsea Sericea var. Aurata via the General Method and HPLC‐SPE‐NMR
Authors: Lam Sio‐Hong , Chen Chien‐Kuang , Wang Jeng‐Shu , Lee Shoei‐Sheng
Published: May 2015

Six flavonoid rhamnosides (1‐2, 4‐7) were separated from the water‐soluble non‐alkaloidal portion of the EtOH extract of the leaves of Neolitsea sericea var. aurata using various chromatographic techniques including Sephadex LH‐20, centrifugal partition chromatography, and RP‐18 Lobar. One additional compound (3) besides these six was identified by application of HPLC‐SPE‐NMR in a flavonoid rich fraction. The latter approach consumed only 1.5 mg of samples, theoretically equivalent to 0.2 g of dry leaves. This study demonstrates that HPLC‐SPE‐NMR has great advantage over the general methods on the aspects of manpower, research time, amounts of plant materials, and consumables in separation and characterization of natural products.
BF3‐OEt2‐Mediated Rearrangement of (4‐Phenylpiperidin‐4‐Yl)‐Arylmethanols
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Wu Tsun‐Cheng , Lin Shiang‐Tsern
Published: May 2015

Synthesis of several 4‐benzhydrylidenepiperidine analogs has been established starting from different (4‐phenylpiperidin‐4‐yl)‐arylmethanols via boron trifluoride etherate mediated rearrangement. The possible rearranged mechanism was proposed. Boron trifluoride etherate‐mediated rearrangement of the related derivatives was also examined. It presents a novel rearrangement reaction catalyzed by boron trifluoride etherate and broadens the scope of application.
Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Palladium
Authors: Dong Yan‐Jie
Published: May 2015

Liquid‐liquid microextraction (LLME) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the analysis of palladium is described. The analytes were extracted from a 10.0 mL aqueous sample into organic phase. The extraction time was 20 min. Factors such as pH in aqueous phase, extraction times, and stirring rate were optimised. The method was applied for determination of palladium in mixture samples. The linearity range was from 1.0 to 100 nM and the detection limit was 0.12 nM. Relative standard deviations (%, n = 5) were 0.41 to 0.74. All experiments were carried out at room temperature, 35±0.2 °C.
Simultaneous Separation of Four Types of Steroid Hormones by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide
Authors: Chang Lin‐Chau , Chiu Tai‐Chia , Lee Shoei‐Sheng , Kuo Ching‐Hua , Chang Tien‐Chun
Published: May 2015

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was applied to simultaneous separation of four types of hydrophobic steroid hormones including androgens, estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids. Various parameters, such as the concentration of CTAB, type and proportion of organic modifiers, and sample matrix have been demonstrated to be important with respect to the separation resolution, analysis time, and repeatability. Successful separation of cortisone, hydrocortisone, estriol, testosterone, estrone, progesterone, and estradiol was achieved at −25 kV using 100 mM Tris‐boric acid buffer (pH 9.0) containing 40 mM CTAB and 20% 2‐propanol using ultraviolet (UV) absorption detection. For estrogen compounds which possess intrinsic fluorescence, detection limits at the sub μM level could be achieved with laser‐induced fluorescence (LIF) detection. Two kinds of pharmaceutical preparations were analyzed using the developed method, and the results were in good agreement with the label claims.
Reductive Dehalogenation of Arylhalides and Alkylhalides with Zinc in THF Saturated Aqueous Ammonium Chloride
Authors: Hekmatshoar Rahim , Sajadi Sodeh , Heravi Majid M.
Published: May 2015

A low‐cost and highly effective zinc/THF‐saturated aqueous ammonium chloride has been developed for dehalogenation of arylhalides and alkylhalides in aqueous systems.
Optical Resolution of 5‐Oxo‐1‐Phenyl‐Pyrazolidine‐3‐Carboxylic Acid as a New Organocatalyst for Organic Reactions
Authors: Tzeng Zheng‐Hao , Yang Shuen‐Wen , Liu Pang‐Min , Chen Kwun‐Min
Published: May 2015

Optical resolution of racemic 5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐pyrazolidine‐3‐carboxylic acid 2 with L‐amino acid methyl ester via the diastereomers formation was investigated. Treatment of racemic 5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐pyrazolidine‐3‐carboxylic acid 2 with L‐valine methyl ester gave diastereomers with a total yield of 86%. The diastereomeric dipeptides can be easily separated by flash column chromatography. Acidic cleavage of the derived diastereomers gave both the optically pure (+)‐(R)‐ and (‐)‐(S)‐5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐pyrazolidine‐3‐carboxylic acid ((+)‐(R)‐2 and (‐)‐(S)‐2) with a total yield of 94% and 95%, respectively.
Halocyclization of Methyl 2‐Alkynylbenzoates to Isocoumarins Using Cupric Halides
Authors: Chin Ling‐Yu , Lee Chia‐Ying , Lo Yu‐Hsiang , Wu Ming‐Jung
Published: May 2015

Treatment of methyl 2‐alkynylbenzoates with two to three equivalents of CuX2 (X = Cl or Br) in refluxing acetonitrile gave isocoumarins 2 in good to excellent chemical yields.
Copper‐Catalyzed Amidation of Aryl Iodides in the Presence of Various Chelating Ligands
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Golchoubian Hamid , Masoudi Mahtab
Published: May 2015

N,N′‐Dibenzylethylenediamine is presented as a new, efficient, and versatile bidentate ligand suitable for the copper catalyzed formation of the C‐N bond. This bidentate ligand has been demonstrated to facilitate the copper catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions of aryl iodides with amides to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields.
Novel and Efficient Procedure for the Regiocontrolled Preparation of α‐(Phenylsulfanyl) Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Lee Fa‐Yen , Zhu Jia‐Liang
Published: May 2015

A new procedure for the regiocontrolled synthesis of α‐(phenylsulfanyl) carbonyl compounds has been developed, making use of lithium naphthalenide induced reductive sulfenylation of α‐cyano carbonyl compounds as a key operation. Through this protocol, a variety of á‐(phenylsulfanyl) carbonyl compounds has been prepared in moderate to high yields. The completely regioselective sulfenylation was observed in most of the cases.
Design and Synthesis of 1‐(6‐(2‐(2‐Arylethynyl)Phenyl)Hexyn‐5‐yl)Piperidin‐2‐Ones as Antitumor Agents that Induce Apoptotic Progress
Authors: Lin I‐Ling , Chen I‐Hsiang , Lin Chi‐Fong , Lo Yu‐Hsiang , Yang Sheng‐Huei , Lin Shinne‐Ren , Wu Ming‐Jung
Published: May 2015

A series of 1‐(6‐(2‐(2‐arylethynyl)phenyl)hexyn‐5‐yl)piperidin‐2‐ones 2a‐j were synthesized and their antitumor activities were evaluated. Of these compounds, 1‐(6‐(2‐(2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethynyl)phenyl)hexyn‐5‐yl)piperidin‐2‐one (2j) showed the highest potency of growth inhibition activity, especially against the RPMI‐8226 (0.4 μM) and SR (0.02 μM) cell lines of human leukemia. Compound 2j also induced significant apoptotic progress in the cell cycle assay with the K‐562 cell line.
Vanadyl Sulfate (VOSO4.3H2O). An Efficient Catalyst for Acylation of Alcohols and Phenols under Solvent Free Condition
Authors: Oskooie Hossein A. , Baghernezhad Bita , Heravi Majid M. , Beheshtiha Y. Sh.
Published: May 2015

Alcohols and phenols were efficiently acylated with acetic anhydride in the presence of vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4.3H2O) at room temperature in high yields.
Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Zinc and Nickel in Water Samples by Mean Centering of Ratio Kinetic Profiles
Authors: Madrakian Tayyebeh , Moein Roshanak , Bahram Morteza
Published: May 2015

The mean centering of ratio kinetic profiles method was used for the simultaneous determination of binary mixtures of Ni(II) and Zn(II) in water samples, without prior separation steps. The method is based on the difference in the rate of the reaction of Ni(II) and Zn(II) with xylenol orange at pH 5.3. The method allows rapid and accurate determination of Ni(II) and Zn(II). The analytical characteristics of the methods for the simultaneous determination of binary mixtures of Ni(II) and Zn(II) were calculated. The linear range was 0.025‐2.400 μg mL−1 and 0.025‐2.20 μg mL−1 for Zn(II) and Ni(II), respectively. Interference effects of common anions and cations were studied, and the method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of Zn(II) and Ni(II) in water samples.
Voltammetric Determination of Adrenaline Using a Poly(1‐Methylpyrrole) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Aslanoglu Mehmet , Kutluay Aysegul , Karabulut Serpil , Abbasoglu Sultan
Published: May 2015

A voltammetric method using a poly(1‐methylpyrrole) modified glassy carbon electrode was developed for the quantification of adrenaline. The modified electrode exhibited stable and sensitive current responses towards adrenaline. Compared with a bare GCE, the modified electrode exhibits a remarkable shift of the oxidation potentials of adrenaline in the cathodic direction and a drastic enhancement of the anodic current response. The separation between anodic and cathodic peak potentials (ΔEp) for adrenaline is 30 mV in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 4.0 at modified glassy carbon electrodes. The linear current response was obtained in the range of 7.5 × 10−7 to 2.0 × 10−4 M with a detection limit of 1.68 × 10−7 M for adrenaline by square wave voltammetry. The poly(1‐methypyrrole)/GCE was also effective to simultaneously determine adrenaline, ascorbic acid and uric acid in a mixture and resolved the overlapping anodic peaks of these three species into three well‐defined voltammetric peaks in cyclic voltammetry. The modified electrode has been successfully applied for the determination of adrenaline in pharmaceuticals. The proposed method showed excellent stability and reproducibility.
Kinetic Spectrophotometric Analysis and Spectrofluorimetric Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Norfloxacin in Pharmaceutical Preparations Using 4‐Chloro‐7‐Nitrobenzo‐2‐Oxa‐1,3‐Diazole (NBD‐Cl)
Authors: Abdel‐Hay Mohamed H. , Hassan Ekram M. , Gazy Azza A. , Belal Tarek S.
Published: May 2015

Simple, reliable, sensitive and accurate kinetic spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods were proposed for the determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPX) and norfloxacin (NRX) in pure form and in pharmaceuticals. The methods are based on coupling the studied drugs with 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzo‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazole (NBD‐Cl) in the presence of alkaline borate buffer. Spectrophotometric measurement was achieved by recording the absorbance at 477 nm after a fixed time of 20 and 15 min on a water bath adjusted at 70 ± 1 °C for CPX and NRX, respectively. The same product exhibited emission peaks at 540 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the color were carefully studied and optimized. The absorbance concentration plots were linear over the ranges 3‐18 and 2.5‐15.0 μg/mL for CPX and NRX, respectively, while the fluorescence concentration plots were linear over the ranges 0.06‐0.36 and 0.05‐0.30 μg/mL for CPX and NRX, respectively. The limit of detection of the kinetic method was about 0.2 μg/mL for both drugs while the fluorescence measurement enabled their detection at a concentration of about 0.012 μg/mL. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the assay of the two drugs in their commercial products. The results obtained were statistically compared with those obtained by reference HPLC and spectrophotometric methods. The stoichiometry of the reaction was determined and the reaction pathway was postulated.
Cytotoxic Activity of Capnellene‐8β, 10α‐Diol Derivatives from a Taiwanese Soft Coral Capnella sp.
Authors: Shen Ya‐Ching , Tzeng Guo‐Lin , Kuo Yau‐Haur , Khalil Ashraf Taha
Published: May 2015

The sesquiterpene capnellene‐8β, 10α‐diol (1) was isolated from non‐polar extract of the soft coral Capnella sp. Ten acylation products of capnellene‐8β, 10α‐diol were prepared: 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐benzoylcapnellene (2), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐p‐toluoylcapnellene (3), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐4‐chlorobenzoyl‐capnellene (4), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐2‐furoylcapnellene (5), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐2‐thiophenoylcapnellene (6), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐4‐fluorobenzoylcapnellene (7), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐4‐propylbenzoylcapnellene (8), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐cinnamoylcapnellene (9), 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐4‐nitrobenzoylcapnellene (10), and 10α‐hydroxy‐8β‐O‐4‐anisoylcapnellene (11). The structures of capnellene‐8β, 10α‐diol as well as its derivatives were established through standard spectroscopic analysis. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the eleven compounds were evaluated against Hela, KB, Daoy, and WiDr human tumor cell lines.
Pyridinium Iodochloride: An Efficient Reagent for Iodination of Hydroxylated Aromatic Ketones and Aldehydes
Authors: Khansole Sandeep V. , Mokle Shyam S. , Sayyed Mudassar A. , Vibhute Yeshwant B.
Published: May 2015

Direct iodination of several reactive aromatic compounds like hydroxy substituted acetophenones and aldehydes with pyridinium iodochloride (PyICl) proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding aromatic iodides in good to excellent yield. Pyridinium iodochloride has been found to be an efficient solid iodinating reagent with no hazardous effect and it can be handled safely.
Hypervalent Iodine(III) Sulfonate Reagent Mediated Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2‐Phenyloxazoles in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Cheng Hui‐Ting , Hou Rei‐Sheu , Wang Huey‐Min , Chen Ling‐Ching
Published: May 2015

A new and efficient method for the synthesis of 4‐aryl‐2‐phenyloxazoles is described which is based upon the reaction of α‐[(2,4‐dinitrobenzene)sulfonyl]oxy ketone intermediates with benzamide in ionic liquid.