bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
نحو بناء نظرية في الإيمان العقلاني: وليام جيمس نموذجا
Authors: البطل سفيان
Published: March 2023

يهدف البحث إلى اقتراح تصور بناء نظرية في الإيمان العقلاني من خلال طروحات وليام جيمس العالم البرجماتي، وقد أخذ البحث في نظرية الايمان العقلاني على أساس إبستمولوجي بدراسة حقائق التجربة الدينية بناء على فكرة: هل المعتقدات الدينية حقيقية؟ وهل المشاعر الدينية لها أثر عملي مفيد؟ وكيف يكون السلوك الديني أخلاقيا؟ من خلال مقدمة ومحورين هما أولا: دور الايمان في نظرية المعرفة، ثانيا: الإيمان العقلاني عند وليام جيمس، وتوصل إلى ضرورة رؤية القيمة الجلية لأعمال وليام جيمس في حقل الإيمان وفي ميدان علم الدفاع عن العقائد الدينية المسيحية، وعلى المؤمن أن يترك الغطاء الآمن في طلب الأدلة ويسرع نحو الإيمان.
من الخلاص إلى التمكين: ملاحظات أوروبية على الدين الأمريكي
Authors: بريمر جان , أبو ذكري عبدالرحمن
Published: March 2023

يقدم المقال ترجمة لمقال جان بريمر المعنون بـ"من الخلاص إلى التمكين: ملاحظات أوروبية على الدين الأمريكي" الذي يحاول أن يقدم صورة مكتملة عن الدين الأمريكي وما يتعلق به، ويحاول الإجابة عن: ما هي الحالة الراهنة للدين الأمريكي المعاصر؟ الذي توصل إلى أنه ما من مكان يمكن لنا أن نتوقع فيه عودة إلى الممارسات التي هيمنت خلال القرن التاسع عشر وبواكير القرن العشرين. لكن الوقوف على التوازن الصحيح بين الفردانية والمشاركة الفعالة في المجتمع العريض ستظل تحديا لنا جميعا.
بيير بورديو وسوسيولوجيا الدين
Authors: تيرنر براين , عثمان طارق
Published: March 2023

قدم المقال ترجمة لدراسة براين تيرنر الموسومة بـ: "بيير بورديو وسوسيولوجيا الدين" التي جاءت في مقدمة ناقشت أطروحة العلمنة، وتحليل بورديو للدين: نقد أولي، وبورديو و(الباراديجم الجديد) في سوسيولوجيا الدين، ومن ثم خاتمة جاءت بعنوان الانتفاع ببورديو، أشار فيها إلى أن معظم النقاش الدائر حول الدين في المجتمع الحديث مهيمَن عليه من قبل الفلاسفة الذين يتجاهلون عادة الأبحاث الأنثروبولوجية والسوسيولوجية حول الدين. إن التعليقات الفلسفية حول الدين كالتي قدمها مفكرون مثل ريتشارد روتي وجياني فاتيمو لا تمتلك أي حس بالطبيعة الإثنوغرافية للتحليلات الاجتماعية العلمية الحديثة للدين. وقد فشل بورديو في حل بعض الإشكالات المركزية التي شخصها هو نفسه ببراعة.
General view of the character of the administrative dispute in the first Yugoslav state
Authors: Bačanin Vojislav
Published: March 2023

The text is an attempt to re-test certain authorial hypotheses regarding the character of the administrative dispute in the first Yugoslav state, by using descriptive and evaluation methods. In the first part of the paper, the readers are briefly reminded of the basic theoretical assumptions concerning the concept, subject and classification of administrative dispute. The second part of the paper presents a review of the normative framework and accepted legal solutions in the analyzed period. In the third part of the paper, the author addresses the more significant doctrinal dilemmas on this issue. In the last part, instead of concluding, a simplified assessment of the character and legal nature of the administrative dispute in the mentioned period is offered. It is concluded that the system of administrative court control of the administration belonged to the group of European-continental ones, that the subject of the administrative dispute was determined by a combination of the general clause method and the negative enumeration method, and the dispute was defined as a subjective dispute about the legality of the administrative act. A particular emphasis is placed on the existence of an objective administrative dispute and the views on the existence of a form of full jurisdiction in the law of the first Yugoslav state are accepted.
Intelektuālās pilsētvides sinerģijas efekta ietekme uz pilsētas ilgtspēju
Authors:   , Plotka Kaspars
Published: March 2023

Promocijas darba pirmajā daļā analizēta pilsēta un pilsētvide kā komplekss izpētes objekts. Otrajā daļā autors veicis pilsētas un pilsētvides teorētisko dimensiju un attīstības koncepciju analīzi. Trešajā daļā autors piesaistījis ekspertus pilsētvides jautājumos, lai veiktu empīrisku pētījumu par intelektuālas pilsētvides ietekmes novērtējumu uz ilgtspējīgu attīstību. Kā svarīgākās novitātes tiek piedāvātas pilsētvides izaugsmes matricas – DSCS un 11 intelektuālas pilsētvides postulāti. Darbā analizēti ekspertu sniegtie vērtējumi par pilsētvides jautājumiem un izskatīta radošo un kultūras industriju klastera jeb stratēģiskā potenciāla projekcija, lai novērtētu radošumu viedā pilsētvidē.
Banking Crisis of the 1880s in the Russian Empire: New Quantitative Data and Estimates
Authors: Salomatina Sofya
Published: March 2023

The study deals with the most significant crisis in the history of Russian banking, which occurred when 49 municipal banks and 13 mutual credit societies went bankrupt from 1882–1889. Historians have explained the causes of the crisis in various ways; however, these explanations are not fully verifiable due to lack of consolidated quantitative data on operations for municipal banks and mutual credit societies. Therefore, a new quantitative data set on these credit institutions was composed for this study. Comparison of the dynamics of joint-stock commercial banks, municipal banks, and mutual credit societies for 1875–1895 revealed that the decline in municipal banks was particularly sharp and deep, and it did not correlate with the dynamics of other banking institutions. This paper proves that the municipal banks crisis was caused by the accumulation of bad loans, poor financial stability, and the lack of proper control by municipal councils and the Ministry of Finance. Overcoming of these problems launched a new phase of banking regulation and supervision in the Russian Empire, which has been underestimated in historiography. The “pushing out” of municipal banks from risky operations was necessary to protect the financial interests of the municipal self-government associated with these banks. However, the crisis also had a pronounced regional perspective because most of the bankruptcies occurred in the Central Black Earth Region, and therefore the crisis was caused by a contraction in agricultural exports due to falling prices, combined with local crop failures in the first half of the 1880s.
The Romanov Dynasty and Youth Movements in the Russian Empire and Emigration of the "First Wave"
Authors: Bulatov Ivan Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2023

The subject of the study is the influence of the Romanov family on the formation, development and ideology of Russian extracurricular organizations in the first half of the XX century. The author also examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the symbolic significance of the Romanovs' membership in children's associations and the role of the institution of patronage of organizations in preserving imperial traditions in the emigration of the "first wave". The connection of the Grand Dukes with the youth movements of the Union of Musketeers and the Order of Crusaders, which were active in the second half of the 1920s - early 1930s in Harbin and in the exclusion zone of the Chinese–Eastern Railway, is also considered. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the broad formulation of the question: 5 organizations have been considered for 3 decades. As a result of the conducted research, it is concluded that the ruling dynasty had a great influence on the emergence of children's and youth organizations in the Russian Empire. Their creation began with the initiative of Nicholas II in 1908 . Subsequently, for many decades, members of the Romanov family were patrons and participants of various Russian children's movements. Many of these movements, in turn, have made monarchism an important component of their ideology. In addition to Nicholas II, before the revolution, the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna provided assistance in the development of the scout movement, the heir to the throne was an honorary scout, and his second cousin Georgy Konstantinovich was no longer an honorary, but a real scout of the Tsarskoye Selo detachment.
Structure-based computational screening of 470 natural quercetin derivatives for identification of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor
Authors: Kakhar Umar Abd. , Zothantluanga James H. , Luckanagul Jittima Amie , Limpikirati Patanachai , Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic infecting the respiratory system through a notorious virus known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to viral mutations and the risk of drug resistance, it is crucial to identify new molecules having potential prophylactic or therapeutic effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present study, we aimed to identify a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 through virtual screening of a compound library of 470 quercetin derivatives by targeting the main protease—Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7). The study was carried out with computational techniques such as molecular docking simulation studies (MDSS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MMGBSA) techniques. Among the natural derivatives, compound 382 (PubChem CID 65604) showed the best binding affinity to Mpro (−11.1 kcal/mol). Compound 382 interacted with LYS5, TYR126, GLN127, LYS137, ASP289, PHE291, ARG131, SER139, GLU288, and GLU290 of the Mpro protein. The SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-382 complex showed acceptable stability during the 100 ns MD simulations. The SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-382 complex also showed an MM-GBSA binding free energy value of -54.0 kcal/mol. The binding affinity, stability, and free energy results for 382 and Mpro were better than those of the native ligand and the standard inhibitors ledipasvir and cobicistat. The conclusion of our study was that compound 382 has the potential to inhibit SARS-Cov-2 Mpro. However, further investigations such as in-vitro assays are recommended to confirm its in-silico potency.
Research on the Cultivation Path of Artistic Thinking in Environmental Art Design Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Chen Yunlei
Published: March 2023

This paper studies the cultivation path of artistic thinking in the education of environmental art design in colleges and universities, analyzes the importance and necessity of artistic thinking in the education of environmental art design in colleges and universities, proposes an artistic thinking cultivation model based on project-driven and interdisciplinary cooperation, and discusses the practical application of the model. The research results show that the artistic thinking cultivation model based on project-driven and interdisciplinary cooperation can effectively improve students' artistic thinking ability and comprehensive quality, and promote innovation and development in the education of environmental art design in colleges and universities.
Application of Green Design Concept in the Intelligent System of Interior Art Design under the Information Technology Environment
Authors: Chen Yunlei
Published: March 2023

Based on the information technology environment, this paper studies the application of the green design concept in the interior design intelligent system. First, it introduces the connotation and basic characteristics of the green design concept, and then elaborates on the four perspectives of space layout, decoration materials, furniture selection, and ventilation and lighting. The specific application of green design concept in interior design. After use, it can be recycled and reused, implement the concept of sustainable development, and establish a scientific ecological awareness; ventilation design and natural lighting, as well as a comfortable thermal environment should be fully considered in the interior design process; environmentally friendly materials are used to ensure indoor health It is safe, and the original ecological materials can be used to make the interior more environmentally friendly and artistic.
Analysis of Film and Television Animation Creation Methods under the Background of Internet +
Authors: Xu Wenyao
Published: March 2023

With the continuous development of Internet technology, Internet+ has become a hot topic in today's society. In this context, the film and animation industry has also undergone a profound transformation. This paper takes the creation of film and animation under the background of Internet+ as the research object, analyzes the influence of Internet+ on the creation methods of film and animation, and puts forward some improvement measures. The research shows that Internet+ provides more creative ways and means for the creation of film and animation, while also accelerating the digital transformation and upgrading of the film and animation industry, but at the same time also brings some problems and challenges. The research conclusions and suggestions of this paper have certain reference significance for film and animation creators and enterprises.
One Person and a Camera: a relatively non-intrusive approach to Koala citizen science
Authors: Danaher Mike , Schlagloth Rolf , Hewson Michael , Geddes Charley
Published: March 2023

The value of the ‘collective’ nature of citizen science to wildlife monitoring, data collection and conservation is well established. However, one person's practice can also be valuable to citizen science projects and is often overlooked in the literature. This paper explores and critically evaluates one person's novel approach and contribution to Koala citizen science in Central Queensland and argues that her practice is doing much to advance knowledge on the identification of individual koalas and their condition as well as to promote Koala welfare and conservation. Employing an ethnographic method, the paper describes and evaluates Charley Geddes' practice of learning to identify individual koalas and create detailed and longitudinal records of their location, health and the threats that they and their habitats face. These records are kept on the public database BioCollect, run by the Atlas of Living Australia, and are used by Koala ecologists. Through this constructed portrait of citizen science practice, the paper also highlights the considerable threats faced by Koala populations in parts of Central Queensland, which have previously not been well documented.
Involvement of Rural People in Swachh Bharath Mission – A Study on Socio Economic Profile
Authors: Chitagubbi Geeta , Mudnal S. , Jhansi B.
Published: March 2023

Study was carried out in 2020-2021 from Dharwad taluk (Dharwad district) and Muddebihal taluk (Vijayapura district) of Karnataka. The present research aimed to explore the existing awareness and involvement about Swachh Bharath Mission among rural people. A total of 320 respondents were selected for the study through purposive random sampling technique. Data was collected through personal interview method and analayzed through frequency and percentages. Swachh Bharath Abhiyan is not a new programme. Launched in 1986 as the central rural sanitation programme, the scheme advanced became the total sanitation campaign (1999) and nirmal bharath abhiyan (2012). Some regard it as simply a retitling. It can be concluded from the study that, higher percentage of the respondents belonged to poor class of socio-economic status. Half of the respondents were members of self-help groups. Maximum per cent of respondents possessed television followed by mobile and radio. Gram panchayath was the Source of SBM information according to majority of respondents. Most of the respondents had simple Indian toilets at their houses and more than half of the respondents constructed the toilets through government financial support. Large majority of the respondents carrying the water in bucket to the toilet and little more than the one third of the respondents mentioned inadequate water facility as the reason for non-construction of toilet. Nearly half of the respondents were using cotton cloths during menstruation. Major per cent of the respondents were practice of changing pads/cloths during menstruation at an interval of 5-7 hrs. Large majority of the respondents had open drainage system and majority of the respondents did not practice segregation of wastes and majority of the respondents disposing waste in garbage pit.
Innovative Wind Energy Generating Device Coupled with Air Convergent
Authors: Mohamed Moumouni Guero , Vincent Prodjinonto
Published: March 2023

Aims: Researchers are more and more focused on finding ways to optimize renewable energy sources. One of the more promising of these renewable energies is wind energy. However, these wind resources are very localized and selective. There is also significant potential for wind resources available at low densities or low wind speeds. The objective of this research is to exploit these resources.

Methodology: To do so, this study proposes a new wind generating device coupled with a flow convergent in order to increase its performance at low wind speed. This new wind device is designed under Solidworks and analyzed with Matlab software. Several parameters are simulated. The effect of the pulley transmission ratio on the mechanical values of the generator, the impact of the operating gas in terms of angular velocity, power and torque on the generator shaft was clearly determined.

Results: It appears that the power at the input of the wind device is multiplied by the square of the ratio of the output and input velocities, the flow passing through the convergent being constant. The torque on the generator decreases with the increase of the transmission ratio while its speed increases. However, for a fixed transmission ratio, the speed remains constant while the torque and power increase with the speed at the inlet of the convergent. On the other hand, it is noted that, the lower the adiabatic coefficient of the gas used, the higher the power generated.

Conclusion: When used with a wind device, the output parameters of the convergent will result in better mechanical efficiency, which greatly improves electrical power generation.
Prevalence of Malaria among ABO Blood Groups in Ghana: A Case Study of Adentan Municipality
Authors: Osisiogu Emmanuel Udochukwu , Agyapong Genevieve A. A. , Mahmoud Fareeda Ceeta , Waqas Fahad Bin , Appiah Calebina , Nikoi Cindy N.
Published: March 2023

The ABO blood group system is the most clinically recognized blood group and it is made up of A, B, AB and O antigens. Many studies have been done to determine the relationship between malaria and the ABO blood group system in terms of the susceptibility, intensity, resistance and frequency of the disease among the various blood groups and there have been variations in the findings thus; this study sought to determine the prevalence of malaria among the various blood groups among the residents of the Adentan municipality. A cross-sectional study was conducted and 208 participants were enrolled, out of which 147 (70.7%) and 61(29.3%) were females and males respectively and 194 (93.3%) and 14 (6.7%) participants were adults and children respectively. There were 69 malaria cases of which 13 (18.8%) were children and 56 (81.2%) were adults. 40.58% out of the 69 malaria cases were males while 59.42% were females respectively. Malaria was most prevalent among blood group O Rh positive (44%) and less in blood group B negative (0%). Blood group O positive (41%) was more prevalent among the residents. There was significant correlation between malaria and gender and malaria and age distribution (P=0.012 and P<0.00) respectively. In conclusion, children and the female gender type are more prone to malaria parasitemia than adults and the male gender type. Age is a significant risk factor in malaria infections. Although there was no significant relationship between malaria and blood group, malaria was most prevalent among those with blood group O Rh positive. Blood group O positive was the most common among the participants.
Effect of Zinc and Foliar Application of Silicon on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kalyani Madasu , Mehera Biswarup , Kumar Prateek
Published: March 2023

The field experiment was conducted during Zaid season of 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P) India.  To study the effect of Zinc and foliar application of silicon on growth and yield of maize. The treatment consist of the 3 levels of Zinc (5,10,15 kg/ha) and three levels of Silicon (200,350,500 ppm) as a foliar spray are included respectively. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. The results showed that Zn 15kg/ha + Si 500ppm (Treatment -9) plant height (187.78cm), No. of leaves per plant (12.0) plant dry weight (181.62 g/plant), No. of cobs/plant (1.63/plant), Length of the cob/plant (15.43 cm), No. of rows/cob (14.82), No. of grains/cob (317.54), seed yield (7.92 t/ha) and Stover yield (11.34 t/ha), test weight (241.96 g).
Effect of Potassium Sulfate Fertilizer on the Mineral Profile of Sorghum Forage and Their Uses as Ruminant Feed
Authors: Amasiab E. O. , Eltaib M. Z. , Abdalla A. H.
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of Potassium sulfate fertilization on the mineral profile of sorghum forage. A field trial was conducted at University of Khartoum Experimental farm at Shambat. The treatment consisted of six levels of Potassium sulfate fertilizer 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg/Acre. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a complete randomized design using SPSS software program. The evaluation was done by determining the percentage of Ash, NO3, macro minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Na and Mg), and micro minerals (Cu, Mn, and Zn). The results showed that the application of potassium sulfate fertilizer increased significantly (P<0.01) the nitrogen content of the sorghum forage from 1.4 % in the control to 2.14 % in the 50 kg/Acre potassium sulfate fertilizer, while the effect on NO3 was found to be insignificant. The potassium content of forage sorghum increased significantly (P<0.01) with the increase in potassium sulfate fertilization level and the highest value (0.77) was recorded in 50 kg/Acre level of fertilization. The Mg content decreased with an increase in fertilization level and the control recorded the highest value (0.44 %). The effect of potassium sulfate fertilization on Cu, Mn, and Zn was found to be significant (P<0.01). The potassium concentration of sorghum forage is significantly (P<0.05) and positively correlated with nitrogen (γ=0.67) and negatively correlated with phosphorous and magnesium (γ= - 0.65) and (γ= - 0.59), while non-significant correlation was observed between potassium and Ash, NO3, Ca, Na, Cu, and Mn.  It could be concluded that the quality of forage sorghum increased by potassium sulfate fertilization because the nitrogen and potassium content in the plant increased and the concentration of NO3 decreased.
Design and Optimization of Intelligent Algae Interception Equipment for Rivers based on Orthogonal Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Huchen Zhang , Xuebing Wang
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the process of designing an intelligent algae deterrent device that can stop algae and clean water, and the mechanical analysis and optimization of the key force parts of the device. The design of the equipment includes the design of the main structural frame and the transmission mechanism. The optimization process is mainly based on the orthogonal analysis experimental method, and ANSYS is used as the main calculation tool. The maximum stress of the chain is taken as the experimental result, the length of the tooth rake, the chain material and the transmission power are taken as three factors, and three levels are set for each factor, and a four-factor three-level orthogonal test table is selected. Finally, the optimized parameter values were obtained by simulated annealing algorithm, and reducing the self-weight of the equipment reduces the probability of resonance and enhances the stability of the system, It has some reference significance to the development research, structure design and optimization of intelligent algae interception equipment for river cleaning.
In vitro and In vivo Study of the Red Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Methanolic Extract Gel Effect on Acne
Authors: Bukit Christin Debora , Lister I. Nyoman Ehrich , Fachrial Edy
Published: March 2023

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of Anti-Acne from the methanol extract of dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) by In vitro and In vivo assay.

Methods: This study was an experimental study using disc diffusion and microdilution methods as in vitro methods. Meanwhile, the topical application of dragon fruit peel extracts to P. acne-injected rats by In vivo method.

Results: Dragon fruit peels methanolic extract had MIC and MKC values ​​of 50 mg/ml by In vitro assay. In addition, the dragon fruit peels methanolic extract as a gel showed significant improvement in acne vulgaris lesions after 7-14 days of extract administration (p-value < 0.05). The lesion improvement was demonstrated by decreasing the size of the lesion. It was supported by the regeneration of the epidermal structure of all groups that received dragon fruit peels extract gel compared to the control group that only received gel base.

Conclusion: Dragon fruit peels methanol extract has an antiacne effect in a physically stable gel form.
Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health Symptoms, and Modifiable Health Factors in Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US
Authors: Scoglio Arielle A. J. , Zhu Yiwen , Lawn Rebecca B. , Murchland Audrey R. , Sampson Laura , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Jha Shaili C. , Kang Jae H. , Koenen Karestan C.
Published: March 2023

Importance

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence and severity of intimate partner violence (IPV) increased. Associations between IPV and mental health symptoms and modifiable health factors early in the pandemic have yet to be explored.

Objective

To prospectively investigate the association of IPV with greater risk of mental health symptoms and adverse health factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 3 cohorts of female participants.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used observational data from 3 prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohorts in the US: the Nurses’ Health Study II, Growing Up Today Study, and Nurses’ Health Study 3. Data analyzed included baseline and follow-up survey responses about IPV experiences early in the pandemic (March-September 2020); mental health domains of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); and modifiable health factors (May 2020-October 2021). Female participants (both health care professionals and non–health care workers) aged 21 to 60 years from the 3 cohorts were included in the full analytic sample.

Exposures

Experience of IPV measured by the Relationship Assessment Tool and fear of partner.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Mental health symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and PTSS, and modifiable health factors, including sleep duration, sleep quality, physical activity, alcohol use, and use of alcohol or other substances to cope with stress.

Results

The full analytic sample included 13 597 female participants with a mean (SD) age of 44 (10.6) years. Accounting for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic mental health symptoms and correcting for multiple testing, experiencing IPV was associated with higher endorsement of depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.38-1.50), anxiety (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.26-1.36), and PTSS (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.15-1.29) in random-effects meta-analyses across the 3 cohorts. The IPV experience was also associated with poorer sleep quality (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.16-1.26), shorter sleep duration (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.19), increased use of alcohol (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06-1.14), and use of alcohol or other substances to cope with stress (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.18) across all cohorts as well as decreased physical activity (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09-1.26) in the Nurses’ Health Study II only.

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of the study showed that IPV experiences at the start of the pandemic were associated with worse mental health symptoms and modifiable health factors for female participants younger than 60 years. Screening and interventions for IPV and related health factors are needed to prevent severe, long-term health consequences.
2D MoN1.2‐rGO Stacked Heterostructures Enabled Water State Modification for Highly Efficient Interfacial Solar Evaporation
Authors: Yu Huimin , Wang Deyu , Jin Huanyu , Wu Pan , Wu Xuan , Chu Dewei , Lu Yi , Yang Xiaofei , Xu Haolan
Published: March 2023

Improving interfacial solar evaporation performance is crucial for the practical application of this technology in solar‐driven seawater desalination. Lowering evaporation enthalpy is one of the most promising and effective strategies to significantly improve solar evaporation rate. In this study, a new pathway to lower vaporization enthalpy by introducing heterogeneous interactions between hydrophilic hybrid materials and water molecules is developed. 2D MoN1.2 nanosheets are synthesized and integrated with rGO nanosheets to form stacked MoN1.2‐rGO heterostructures with massive junction interfaces for interfacial solar evaporation. Molecular dynamics simulation confirms that atomic thick 2D MoN1.2 and rGO in the MoN1.2‐rGO heterostructures simultaneously interact with water molecules, while the interactions are remarkably different. These heterogeneous interactions cause an imbalanced water state, which easily breaks the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, leading to dramatically lowered vaporization enthalpy and improved solar evaporation rate (2.6 kg m−2 h−1). This study provides a promising strategy for designing 2D‐2D heterostructures to regulate evaporation enthalpy to improve solar evaporate rate for clean water production.
The Influences of DMF Content in Composite Polymer Electrolytes on Li+‐Conductivity and Interfacial Stability with Li‐Metal
Authors: Zhu Jianxun , He Shuang , Tian Huayang , Hu Yiming , Xin Chen , Xie Xiaoxin , Zhang Lipeng , Gao Jian , Hao Shu‐Meng , Zhou Weidong , Zhang Liqun
Published: March 2023

Trace N, N‐dimethylformamide(DMF) containing composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) has attracted much attention owing to the dramatically increased Li+‐conductivity. But the amount of DMF is critical and needs to be clarified for the interfacial stability, since DMF is easily reduced by Li‐metal. Herein, the influences of DMF in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) based CPEs are studied on the Li+‐conductivity and interfacial stability. In PEO‐based CPEs, owing to a stronger interaction of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfon)imide (LiTFSI) with PEO than DMF, DMF can not be confined and be easily evaporated off. Only ≈0.25wt.% DMF is absorbed on ceramic electrolyte fillers, giving two times increased Li+‐conductivity compared with the DMF‐free counterparts and generating stable interface with Li‐metal; but over much DMF (≥2.2 wt.%) leads to serious interfacial reactions with Li‐metal. While in PVDF‐based CPEs, ≈8wt.% DMF is confined by LiTFSI owing to a stronger interaction of LiTFSI with DMF than with PVDF. Short‐term stable interface with Li‐metal can be obtained, but longer‐term cycling or higher current density leads to the gradually aggravated reactions with Li‐metal. Thanks to the high‐voltage stability of PVDF based CPEs, better cycling performance is obtained when they are used as catholytes to match high‐voltage cathodes.
Multicomponent Tandem Triple Functionalization of Indoles via a Directing‐group‐free Strategy
Authors: Gu Xiaoting , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Yu Wenhua , Sun Ke , Wei Wanxing , Zhang Zhuan , Liang Taoyuan
Published: March 2023

The position‐selective functionalization of the poorly reactive benzenoid nucleus of indoles has remained a great challenge in organic chemistry. Here we describe a directing‐group‐free, three‐component tandem C3‐acylation/C5,6‐H disulfenylation of indoles via an iodine‐, Lewis acid‐ and Brønsted acid‐cooperated mediated strategy. This protocol is remarkable for its exceptional regio‐ and chemo‐selectivity, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. Advantageously, the present protocol offers great potential for the development of general site‐selective functionalization at the benzenoid nucleus of indoles, removing the requirement for neighbouring activating groups.

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New Ru(II) pyrazolone complex catalyzed direct amination of alcohols: A preliminary mechanistic investigation
Authors: Dharani Sivadasan , Kalaiarasi Giriraj , Lynch Vincent M. , Prabhakaran Rathinasabapathi
Published: March 2023

A novel Ru(II) complex containing 4‐(2‐hydroxybenzyl)‐3‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2,5‐dihydropyrazole‐1‐carbothioic acid methylamide has been applied as a catalyst for directly aminating alcohols. Preliminary investigation on the reaction mechanism has been done with the help of NMR spectroscopy recorded for regenerated catalysts and an NMR reaction. In addition, a plausible mechanism for the formation of the coupled product has been proposed.
Enhancing anti‐thermal hysteresis ability, response stability and sensitivity of polymer humidity sensor by in‐situ crosslinking curing method
Authors: Hu Xuqi , Yu Xueting , Xiong Xiaoyan , Li Siyi , Jin Tao , Chen Yufang
Published: March 2023

Compared with room temperature, the responsive curve of polymer humidity sensor usually presents a nonlinear shift and distortion at higher temperature conditions, this will sharply decrease the accuracy and working stability of polymer humidity sensor. In this paper, an organic–inorganic cross‐linked interpenetrating network (c‐IPN) between silocane compounds and acrylic prepolymer resin has been constructed to prepare a c‐IPN humidity‐sensitive material by in‐situ crosslinking reaction. The results shows that the prepared c‐IPN polymer humidity sensor shows more sensitive in range of 30–90% RH, with higher linearity coefficient of 0.9996 and lower hysteresis coefficient of 1.25% RH. And the c‐IPN polymer humidity sensor exhibits more higher stability at higher temperature than that at room temperature. Meanwhile, the temperature coefficient of the c‐IPN polymer humidity sensor can decrease to 0.53% RH/°C, along with temperature hysteresis curve linear coefficient increase to (R2 = −0.999), when (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane is used at dosage of 10 wt.% druing crosslinking reaction. This study presents a feasible practical technical solution for developing novel high‐performance polymer humidity‐sensitive materials and its humidity sensors at wider temperature range.
Demand for information about potential wins and losses: Does it matter if information matters?
Authors: Hilchey Matthew D. , Soman Dilip
Published: March 2023

The ostrich effect refers to the observation that people prioritize gathering information about prospectively positive financial outcomes. It is especially problematic when information about negative and positive outcomes is equally useful for making sound financial decisions. Yet, it is unclear to what extent this phenomenon is moderated by whether outcome information is useful for making choices. Here, we test whether making outcome information instrumental to choice moderates the ostrich effect by randomly assigning 800 adults to one of two computer‐based gambling tasks, one in which they chose between two 50/50 win/lose gambles and another in which the computer chose one for them at random. The four possible outcomes were concealed by win/loss marked tiles, and participants were required to reveal three of the four possible outcomes before a gamble could be selected. The key finding was that demand for full information about losses increased significantly when participants made their own choices, and thus, outcome information was instrumental. The findings suggest that information about losses is de‐prioritized particularly when people cannot take action to influence payoffs.
PDGFRα monoclonal antibody: Assessment of toxicity in juvenile mice administered a murine surrogate antibody of olaratumab
Authors: Baracani Ronee , Bhaskaran Manoj , Davis Sarah M , Morford LaRonda , Luffer‐Atlas Debra
Published: March 2023

Background

Olaratumab (Lartruvo™) is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically binds PDGFRα. In order to support use of Lartruvo in pediatric patients, a definitive juvenile animal study in neonatal mice was conducted with a human anti‐mouse PDGFRα antibody analog of olaratumab (LSN3338786).

Methods

A pilot study was used to set doses for the definitive juvenile mouse study. In the definitive study, juvenile mice were administered vehicle, 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg LSN3338786 by subcutaneous (SC) injection every 3 days between postnatal days (PND) 1 and 49, for a total of 17 doses. Blood samples were collected on PND 49 for antibody analysis and toxicokinetic evaluation. Tissues were collected on PND 52 for histopathologic examination.

Results

Results of the pilot study indicated that dosing neonatal mice starting on PND 1 via SC administration every 3 days was logistically feasible, produced exposures consistent with prior animal studies, and the selected dose levels were well tolerated by juvenile mice. In the definitive juvenile study, there were no LSN3338786‐related deaths, clinical findings, and no effects on mean body weights, body weight gains, or food consumption. Additionally, there were no adverse LSN3338786‐related hematology findings, and no macroscopic, organ weight, or microscopic findings of note. The highest dose evaluated, 150 mg/kg, was considered the NOAEL for juvenile toxicity.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the juvenile animal studies did not identify any new toxicities or increased sensitivities for the intended pediatric patient population. The use of the surrogate antibody approach in a standard rodent model enabled the de‐risking of theoretical concerns for toxicity in pediatric patients due to disruption of the PDGFRα pathway during early human development, such as pulmonary development.
Structural Basis for the Activation of the Cobalt‐Carbon Bond and Control of the Adenosyl Radical in Coenzyme B12 Catalysis
Authors: Shibata Naoki , Toraya Tetsuo
Published: March 2023

Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), or coenzyme B12, is a naturally occurring organometallic compound that serves as a cofactor for enzymes that catalyze intramolecular group‐transfer reactions and ribonucleotide reduction in a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to animals. AdoCbl‐dependent enzymes are radical enzymes that generate an adenosyl radical by homolysis of the coenzyme's cobalt‐carbon (Co−C) bond for catalysis. How do the enzymes activate and cleave the Co−C bond to form the adenosyl radical? How do the enzymes utilize the high reactivity of the adenosyl radical for catalysis by suppressing undesirable side reactions? Our recent structural studies, which aimed to solve these problems with diol dehydratase and ethanolamine ammonia‐lyase, established the crucial importance of the steric strain of the Co−C bond and conformational stabilization of the adenosyl radical for coenzyme B12 catalysis. We outline here our results obtained with these eliminating isomerases and compare them with those obtained with other radical B12 enzymes.
Der Rote Keulenkopf
Authors: Petersen Frank
Published: March 2023

Während die Ursache der Ergotoxikose noch immer im Dunkeln lag, wurde das Mutterkorn erstmals in der zweiten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts in einer Nürnberger Sammlung medizinischer Rezepturen für die Behandlung von Gebärmutterbeschwerden genannt. 1582 veröffentlichte der Frankfurter Stadtarzt Adam Lonicer in seinem „Kreuterbuch“ das Mutterkorn als Medikation bei Regelschmerzen. Erst im 17. Jahrhundert erkannten der französische Mediziner und Botaniker Denis Dodart sowie der Schweizer Arzt Johann Conrad Brunner im Mutterkorn den Auslöser des gangränösen und konvulsiven Ergotismus. Das Auslesen der Sklerotien aus der Roggenernte und die wachsende Akzeptanz der Kartoffel als Nahrungsmittel drängten den Ergotismus deutlich zurück. Die dadurch bedingte Unterbelegung in den Antoniterhöspitälern brachte den Orden zunehmend in finanzielle Schwierigkeiten. Die tiefgreifenden kulturellen und politischen Umwälzungen seit dem 16. Jahrhundert und die ökonomische Situation der Antoniter führten 1776 zu ihrer Integration in den Malterserorden. Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts veröffentlichten zwei Mediziner der Universität Tübingen ihre Abhandlungen zum Mutterkorn, in denen erstmals von Hebammen berichtet wurde, die das Sklerotium als Wehenmittel einsetzten. Beide Schulmediziner warnten darin eindringlich vor seinen Gefahren in der Geburtsheilkunde. Trotz der Risiken hielten Hebammen und Geburtshelfer an der Mutterkornarznei fest. Erst mit der Veröffentlichung des Vortrags des US‐amerikanischen Arztes Oliver Prescott Jr. im Jahr 1813, in dem er – bei richtiger Anwendung – die Bedeutung des Mutterkorns in der Obstetrik und der Gynäkologie hervorhob, fand die Mutterkornarznei auch Eingang in die europäische Schulmedizin.
ScY@C3v(8)‐C82:Metal‐Metalσ2Bond in MixedRare‐EarthDi‐metallofullerenes†
Authors: Zheng Lihao , Roselló Yannick , Yan Yingjing , Yao Yang‐Rong , Fan Xiaolin , Poblet Josep M. , Rodríguez‐Fortea Antonio , Chen Ning
Published: March 2023

Comprehensive Summary

The experimental investigation of rare‐earth metal‐metal bonds remains a challenge in the study of chemical bonds. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel heteronuclear di‐metallofullerene, ScY@C3v(8)‐C82, which contains a mixed rare‐earth metal‐metal bond. ScY@C3v(8)‐C82was successfully synthesized by arc‐discharging method and characterized by mass spectrometry, UV‐vis‐NIR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction crystallography, which unambiguously determined its molecular structure. Theoretical calculations were also performed to study the optimized positions of Sc‐Y metallic dimer and the electronic configuration. The combined experimental and theoretical results confirmed that both Sc and Y atoms transfer two electrons to theC3v(8)‐C82cage,i.e., (ScY)4+@(C3v(8)‐C82)4–. In particular, a covalent Sc‐Y σ2bond, which has never been reported before, is proven to be formed insideC3v(8)‐C82fullerene cage. This work presents a novel di‐metallofullerene containing mixed rare‐earth metal‐metal bond and expands the understanding of metal‐metal bonding of rare earth elements.
Impact of mitral regurgitation in patients with acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX‐AHF‐2 trial
Authors: Pagnesi Matteo , Adamo Marianna , ter Maaten Jozine M. , Beldhuis Iris E. , Cotter Gad , Davison Beth A. , Felker G. Michael , Filippatos Gerasimos , Greenberg Barry H. , Pang Peter S. , Ponikowski Piotr , Sama Iziah E. , Severin Thomas , Gimpelewicz Claudio , Voors Adriaan A. , Teerlink John R. , Metra Marco
Published: March 2023

Aims

The impact of mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) is not well established. We assessed the role of MR in patients enrolled in the Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure 2 (RELAX‐AHF‐2) trial.

Methods and results

Patients enrolled in RELAX‐AHF‐2 with available data regarding MR status were included in this analysis. Baseline characteristics, in‐hospital data, and clinical outcomes through 180‐day follow‐up were evaluated. The impact of moderate/severe MR was assessed. Among 6420 AHF patients with known MR status, 1810 patients (28.2%) had moderate/severe MR. Compared to patients with no/mild MR, those with moderate/severe MR were more likely to have history of heart failure (HF), prior HF hospitalization, more comorbidities, symptoms/signs of HF, lower left ventricular ejection fraction and higher N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide levels. Moderate/severe MR was associated with longer length of hospital stay, higher rates of residual dyspnoea, increased jugular venous pressure through the index hospitalization and a higher unadjusted risk of the composite of cardiovascular (CV) death or rehospitalization for HF/renal failure (RF) through 180 days (crude hazard ratio [HR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.27, p = 0.01). The association between moderate/severe MR and poorer outcomes was not maintained in a multivariable model including several covariates of interest (adjusted HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.91–1.17, p = 0.65). Similar findings were observed for HF/RF rehospitalization alone.

Conclusions

In patients with AHF, moderate/severe MR was associated with a worse clinical profile but did not have an independent prognostic impact on clinical outcomes.
Disproportionate exercise‐induced pulmonary hypertension in relation to cardiac output in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a non‐invasive echocardiographic study
Authors: Saito Yuki , Obokata Masaru , Harada Tomonari , Kagami Kazuki , Sorimachi Hidemi , Yuasa Naoki , Kato Toshimitsu , Wada Naoki , Okumura Yasuo , Ishii Hideki
Published: March 2023

Aims

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary vascular remodelling are common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Many patients with HFpEF demonstrate an abnormal pulmonary haemodynamic response to exercise that is not identifiable at rest. This can be estimated non‐invasively by the mean pulmonary artery pressure–cardiac output relationship (mPAP/CO slope). We sought to characterize the pathophysiology of disproportionate exercise‐induced PH in relation to CO (DEi‐PH) and its prognostic impact in patients with HFpEF.

Methods and results

A total of 345 patients (166 HFpEF and 179 controls) underwent ergometry exercise stress echocardiography with simultaneous expired gas analysis. DEi‐PH was defined as the mPAP/CO slope >5.2 mmHg/L/min (median value). At rest, there were no differences in right ventricular (RV) function and severity of PH between HFpEF patients with and without DEi‐PH. Compared with controls (n = 179) and HFpEF without DEi‐PH (n = 83), HFpEF with DEi‐PH (n = 83) demonstrated worse exercise capacity (lower peak oxygen consumption), depressed RV systolic function, impaired RV–pulmonary artery coupling, limitation in CO augmentation, more right‐sided congestion, and worse ventilatory efficiency (higher minute ventilation vs. carbon dioxide volume) during peak exercise. Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that HFpEF patients with DEi‐PH had higher rates of composite outcomes of all‐cause mortality or heart failure events than those without (log‐rank p = 0.0002).

Conclusion

Patients with HFpEF and DEi‐PH demonstrated distinct pathophysiologic features that become apparent only during exercise. These data suggest that DEi‐PH is a pathophysiologic phenotype of HFpEF and reinforce the importance of exercise stress echocardiography for detailed characterization of HFpEF.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Dithienopyrazines**
Authors: Kreuzer Franziska , Aubele Anna , Mena‐Osteritz Elena , Bäuerle Peter
Published: March 2023

Heteroacenes developed to widely used building blocks in organic semiconductors for application in organic electronics due to their tunable structures and properties concomitant with inherent stability. Here, we report efficient preparation and investigation of so far unknown heterotriacenes, basic anti‐ and syn‐dithienopyrazine 5 and 6. The comparison of the two isomers with respect to electronic properties and follow‐up reactions gives insights into structure‐property and ‐reactivity relationships. Examples of transition metal‐catalyzed C−C cross‐coupling reactions of corresponding halogenated derivatives show the practical impact for extended π‐conjugated systems applied in optoelectronic devices.