bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Externality of Water Pollution and Its Impact on Human Health
Authors: B. Suresh
Published: November 2022

Water is one of the natural resources which is essential to sustain life. Water pollution is any chemicals, physical or biological that changes the quality of water and has harmful effects on any living organism that uses it. When humans drink polluted water, it often has serious affects on their health. The objective of the study is 1) to evaluate the nature of the ground water in study area, 2) to study the Socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, 3) to examine the awareness of the respondents about the water pollution, and to find out the methods to control the ill effects of water pollution on human health. The present study was conducted to assess the ill effects of water pollution on human health in Erumapalayam village in Salem District. Salem is the fifth largest city in Tamil Nadu State. A sample of 50 respondents was selected through simple random sampling techniques. The data was collected through well structured interviewing schedule. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The physical and chemical analysis conducted the water sample, it is found that the appearance of samples is slight-brownish color and they have objectionable odour and taste, Turbidity of the samples is found to be not in the range of permissible limit, I.e., 36 mg/L. As per the standard of Central Public Health Engineering Environmental Organization (CPHEEO) water sample is physically and chemically not potable due to appearance of odour and TDS, ALK, TH, FE, NO3 and C1 value exceeds the maximum permissible limits.
Economic Valuation of Hospital Waste Management
Authors: Yasotha N.
Published: November 2022

Bio- Medical Wastes have become one of the most widespread and important environmental and public health issues and present day concern throughout the globe and as such, the problem has been recognized as one of the important issues towards abatement of pollution in the country along with the rest of the world. The main thrust of the present study is to evaluate the willingness to pay with specific reference to solid waste management in Hospitals. The study has analyzed three hospitals in the Chennai area, in Tamil Nadu. The main method of disposal of hazardous wastes is through incineration and this has been studied with regard to the Government and Private Sectors through the selected hospitals, by way of life expectancy of equipment probable use per day/per kg, cost of operation per day/kg and ultimately the WTP by those availing of these facilities have all been carefully researched.
Impact of Air Pollution Among Labours in Chidambaram Block
Authors: Indradevi S.
Published: November 2022

Air pollution stems gases and air borne particles which, in excess, are harmful to human health, buildings and ecosystems. Air pollution in developing countries is derived not only from stack emission of pollutants from relatively large industries, where inadequate pollution control measures exist and pollutants are allowed to escape to atmosphere. The kind of air pollution emitted vary from industry vary from industry to another, the concentrations of different pollutants in the atmosphere also vary widely from process to process, and from place to place with different geographic and climatic conditions.. In general, the workplace exposure levels are much higher than that the general population, because the emissions are rapidly diluted and dispersed by the wind. But the exposure duration of the general population is much longer than that of workers. Air pollution is the presence of substances in air in sufficient concentration and for sufficient time, so as to be, or threaten to be injurious to human, plant or animal life, or to property, or which reasonably interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life and property. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollution has been considered as the one of types of pollution which causes different disease in various labourers in Chidambaram Block and this leads to increase the expenditure of sample respondents on their health care. In this context the researcher taken this title.
Impact of Air Pollution on Human Health
Authors: Suresh K. , Palaniraj N.
Published: November 2022

Among the most pressing of today’s environmental issues is the pollution of air. Air is the breath of life, yet there many kinds of air pollution contributing to problems that range from human health issues to climate change. Air pollution can be defined as the presence of toxic chemicals or compounds in the air, at levels that pose a health risk. In an even broader sense, air pollution means the presence of chemicals or compounds in the air which usually not present and which lower the quality of the air or cause detrimental changes to the quality of life. Air pollution is the leading environmental cause of death worldwide according to the state of global air 2017, a new first annual report and interactive website launched today. The report also finds that 92% of the world’s population lives in areas with unhealthy air. All told, long-term exposure to fine particulate matter the most significant element of air pollution contributed to 4.2 million premature deaths and to a loss of 103 million healthy years of life in 2015, making air pollutionthe5thhighestcauseofdeathamong all health risks, including smoking, diet, and high blood pressure. The analysis found that China and India together were responsible for over half of the total global attributable deaths, the study also finds that increasing exposure and a growing and aging population have meant that India now rivals China for among the highest air pollution health burdens in the world, with both countries facing some 1.1 million early deaths from air pollution in 2015. Air pollution is probably one of the most serious environmental problems confronting our civilization today. Most often, it is caused by human activities such as transportation, mining, construction, industrial work, agriculture, smelting, etc. However, natural processes such as volcanic eruptions and wildfires may also pollute the air, but their occurrence is rare and they usually have a local effect, unlike human activities that are ubiquitous causes of air pollution and contribute to the global pollution of the air every single day.
Air Pollution in India – Causes, Effects and Solutions
Authors: Devaraj K. R.
Published: November 2022

Air is the necessary for the very existence of human beings, animals and plants that appeared on the earth. However, due to the rapid growth of population and technology the air was polluted day by day. In 2011, India’s Central Pollution Control Board had presented the report according to which 180 cities in India had particulate matter six times more than the permissible limit set by the World Health Organization in the air. Vehicles, biomass burning, fuel tarnishing are few of the major causes of air pollution in India. The problem of air pollution is so big that we cannot manage to pay for overlook it. As such it has to be handled with a high degree of care. This paper focuses on causes, effects of air pollutions in India and steps to solve the problems and policy measures to ensure reduce air pollution to the entire resident of earth. This study mainly descriptive in nature and secondary data are used for the purpose of the study. The data was collected from books, various articles, journals and websites.
Democratizing Innovation: How Consumer Electronics is Revolutionizing Rocketscience
Authors: Pallegar Abhith
Published: November 2022

The traditional flow of cutting-edge technologies observed over the last 100 years was from government supported defense space to its broader application in the civilian domain. We have seen technology flow into consumer products years after its introduction in defense applications. Most common examples of this movement were the invention and incubation of the Internet and Global Positioning System in prestigious national labs, which later trickled down to benefit millions. But there seems to be a shift in the tide of innovation where consumer market has been influential in developing a range of technologies which have flown the other way around. This article focuses on the technologies incubated in the consumer space and its push upward to disrupt other areas. We explore how innovations in the consumer electronics industry have made it cost efficient and more accessible to build, launch rockets and satellites. We illustrate how new technologies can facilitate more significant involvement in the space sector by private companies and educational institutions. We explore how this shift in innovation can influence the Aerospace industry to open up unlimited possibilities for humanity.
7 - Understanding Shifts in Nigeria’s Trade Policy: From Realism to Protectionism
Authors: Alayande Folarin
Published: November 2022

The reluctance of Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy, to sign two major international trade liberalisation agreements in 2018 shocked many local and international observers. However, these trade policy postures were not unexpected. Undiscerned by many analysts, many subtle changes had happened to Nigeria’s international co-operation architecture and foreign economic policy in a seemingly incoherent manner. In addition, the premise for expecting Nigeria to automatically consent to both agreements was faulty for two main reasons. First, the pretext of connectivity and market access as the underlying rationale for both agreements was allegedly hinged on the fallacy of composition, with the assumption that the whole was greater than the sum of its parts. This pretext was increasingly questioned by the influential, organised private sector in Nigeria, which had shifted from the altruistic foreign policy tenets of the 1970s to insulation from negative externalities of trade. Second, Nigeria’s trade posture was erroneously considered separately from its foreign economic policy posture, which was increasingly hinged on beneficial concentricism and regaining internal capabilities. In this new dispensation, with a focus on strategic trade policy underpinned by economic pragmatism, understanding shifts in the domestic balance of power is critical to predicting Nigeria’s trade policy responses.

Folarin Alayande, Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria Email: falayande@yahoo.com
5 - Sociopolitical Representations in African Cinema: Paulin S. Vieyra, Djibril Diop Mambéty, Eddie Ugbomah and Ola Balogun in the Footsteps of Ousmane Sembène
Authors: Diop Samba
Published: November 2022

This article discusses the innovative ways in which African filmmakers Ousmane Sembène, Paulin S. Vieyra, Djibril Diop Mambéty Eddie Ogbomah and Ola Balogun offer sociological insights into, and cultural representations of, African contemporary postcolonial societies. These filmmakers are able to highlight the breadth and depth of the undercurrents of hopes and impediments in Africa. Their themes include social justice, slavery, alienation, the advent of Islam and Christianity (upsetting the traditional beliefs and cosmogony in the process), military rule, tradition and modernity, Pan- Africanist ideals, the importation and imposition of the Western political system into Africa, and loaded concepts such as democracy, just to name a few. Ogbomah underscores the many travails that obtain in postcolonial Nigeria, the most salient being the ruthless corruption in the natural resources sector, primarily crude oil. These filmmakers try to offer a solid foundation on which modern Africa can, firstly, midwife the revival of a genuine indigenous model of economic development. Secondly, these filmmakers, each in his own peculiar style, provide artistic tools which can continue to support the development of a socially conscious and intellectually robust cinematic tradition in Africa.

Samba Diop, Ph.D., Research Scholar, Department of Linguistics & Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, Norway. Email: sbkdiop@yahoo.co.uk
1 - Global and Local Hybridity in African Youth Language Practices
Authors: Erastus Fridah Kanana , Hurst-Harosh Ellen
Published: November 2022

This article investigates and describes youth language practices in Africa in the era of globalisation. It opens up debate over the impacts of globalisation on youth linguistic identities in Africa. Further, it suggests some aspects of youth participation in linguistic change in Africa and provides some examples of how youth linguistic cultures are practised in everyday interactions. The authors show the intersection of cultures in everyday discourse and in youth language vocabulary, and the incorporation of global (popular) culture in African youth language practices through bricolage to achieve hybridity. The ways in which the global intersects with the local and how the youth in Africa recontextualise the global and create local traditions of youth culture and identity are discussed and exemplified. The article concludes by arguing that, while global brands impact on youth language and practices, they are interpreted and applied locally; youth culture in Africa is enriched by global symbols and cultural artefacts and figures, not impoverished by them; the global does not displace the local, but rather complements it. The youth in Africa, in their spaces, are therefore active creators and contributors towards linguistic and cultural change and through this change they are agents of Africa’s globalisation.

Fridah Kanana Erastus, Kenyatta University, Kenya. Email: kanana.fridah@ku.ac.ke

&

Ellen Hurst-Harosh, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Email: ellen.hurst@uct.ac.za
3 - The Return of the Gods? Trends and Implications of the Rising Popularity of Fetish Rituals and Occult Practices Among Nigerian Youth
Authors: Nwaka Jacinta Chiamaka
Published: November 2022

In his seminal 1993 work The Embattled Gods: Christianization of Igboland 1841–1991, Ogbu Kalu argued that the gods of African traditional religion were dislodged from their stronghold but not completely defeated. Could the rising popularity of fetish rituals and occult practices among the Nigerian youth over the last two decades mean the return of these gods? Using historical analytical methodology, this article examines the rising influence of fetish rituals and occult practices among youth in southern Nigeria. It recognises the current attraction of the occult world as a subtle form of youth resistance to financial and social insecurity engendered by the modern state system in Nigeria, as well as youth resistance to the money-making ethos of ‘prosperity gospel’ evangelism. The article argues that, while the surge in youth engagement in ritual and occult practices may appear to be a form of re-traditionalisation, such cultural revisionism can better be described as an instrument of youth resistance.

Jacinta Chiamaka Nwaka, Department of History and International Studies, University of Benin, Nigeria. Email: jacinta.nwaka@uniben.edu
4 - Youth Masculinities in Zimbabwe’s Congested Gerontocratic Political Space
Authors: Jaji Rose
Published: November 2022

This article situates its discussion of young Zimbabwean men’s performance of masculinity in a restrictive political space in a broader continental context in which the majority of young people are politically and economically marginalised. It addresses how the older generation’s domination and monopolisation of political space presents obstacles to the youth’s aspiration to perform normative masculinity. The article also discusses various strategies the youth in Zimbabwe are devising to claim space in a political arena that can be characterised as a gerontocracy. The youth seek relevance in Zimbabwe’s congested and gerontocratic political space through strategies that range from co-opting gerontocratic masculinities to subverting them. Notwithstanding the divergence in these strategies, young people who adopt them to create and occupy space in Zimbabwe’s political terrain legitimise their choices by appealing to culture, thus showing how culture can be harnessed for contradictory objectives in the performance of masculinities. The strategies also draw from global trends involving the youth’s engagement in non-traditional political participation facilitated by their dominance of virtual, social media space.

Rose Jaji, University of Zimbabwe. Email: rjaji@sociol.uz.ac.zw
0 - CODESRIA’s Meaning-making Research Initiative (MRI): A Note
Authors: Murunga Godwin R. , Onoma Ato Kwamena , Ogachi Ibrahim O.
Published: November 2022

Godwin Murunga, Ato Kwamena Onoma & Ibrahim Oanda Ogachi
5 - La scène musicale populaire kinoise à l’épreuve du genre et de l’androcentrisme
Authors: Tsambu Léon
Published: November 2022

Dans une perspective théorique genrée et transdisciplinaire (théories des champs et de l’intersectionnalité), le présent article discute de l’androcentrisme en tant qu’ensemble de rapports de pouvoir focalisés sur l’hégémonie masculine, tel qu’il se déploie sur la scène musicale populaire de Kinshasa. L’enquête a démontré qu’assujettie sexuellement, débauchable ou « bien d’échange », la femme (chanteuse, choriste, danseuse) a en outre été soumise à un faisceau d’oppressions professionnelles par l’homme à travers a) une division sexuée du travail qui l’a confinée à la tâche érotique de la danse ; b) son instrumentalisation comme un corps-machine, support de marketing des spectacles vivants et vidéo à la faveur de son sex-appeal et de ses chorégraphies lascives ; c) une rémunération aléatoire ; bref, une précarisation sociale, culturelle, psychologique amenuisant, plus que pour son homologue masculin, ses droits humains. Tout cela est à lire dans le contexte du champ (acteurs directs) ou du hors-champ (acteurs périphériques) de cette scène. Cependant, sur cette scène prise pour un reflet du fonctionnement et un facteur de changement de la société kinoise, la femme ne fait toujours pas figure de victime, étant stratégiquement tournée vers des intérêts et désirs d’ingratiation, de célébrité, de mieux-vivre (en Europe), ou d’inversion de la domination – sans toujours y parvenir.

Léon Tsambu, Sociologue et enseignant-chercheur, Laboratoire congolais de musique et des cultures populaires, Université de Kinshasa. E-mail : leon.tsambu@gmail.com
3 - Weaponised and Displaced Women in Mass Atrocities and the RtoP
Authors: Idika-Kalu Cecilia
Published: November 2022

Terror groups, like al-Shabaab and Boko Haram, have emerged in recent years as key drivers of conflict in some African countries, generating mass casualties from routine suicide bomb attacks. The strategies of these groups include the increasing mobilisation and deployment of women in suicide bombing operations. At the same time, women have been among the most victimised by the activities of the terror groups, both as direct targets of attacks and as internally displaced people. The focus of this study is to discuss the twin dynamic by which women are both agents and victims of the terror groups. The study seeks to explore what existing knowledge tells us about possible future trends in the ‘weaponisation’ of women and mass atrocities. It also considers the place of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) tools in stemming the tide of the weaponisation of women. The nexus of gender, suicide bombing and displacement and what these mean for R2P are the sub-components of the analysis that underpins the article.

Cecilia Idika-Kalu, Graduate Lecturer, College of Fine Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA. Email: cecilia_idikakalu@student.uml.edu
Strategi dan Pendekatan Dakwah Pada Masyarakat Muallaf di Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendekatan dakwah pada muallaf yang dilakukan oleh BKMM-DMI di Kabupaten Gresik; faktor pendukung dakwah yang dilakukan oleh BKMM-DMI terhadap muallaf di Kabupaten Gresik; dan faktor penghambat yang dihadapi oleh BKMM-DMI Kabupaten Gresik dalam berdakwah pada muallaf. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam melakukan Pendekatan Dakwah adalah menekankan atas ketepatan pendekatan terkait dengan kelompok muallaf yang dihadapi, sehingga lebih mengutamakan dakwah menggunakan metode Bil-Hikmah, dengan mengunakan bidang-bidang kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan dalam rangka mewujudkan tatanan sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip ajaran islam. Dengan perantara nilai-nilai yang dapat mendatangkan kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan bagi muallaf sesuai dengan segi dan bidangnya. Adapun penerapannya melalui program kerja antara lain: 1) Memberikan modal usaha UMKM keapada Muallaf. 2) Pengajian. 3) Pelati-han Membaca Al-Qur’an. 4) Pelatihan Sholat. 5) Santunan Semba-koPenyaluran Zakat 6) Penyaluran Daging Qurban. 7) Buka Puasa Bersama. 8) Bedah Rumah. 9) Muallaf Peduli Bencana. Dalam kegiatan dakwah di Majelis Taklim Al Harokah terdapat faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat. Faktor pendukung diantarnya: 1) Niat dari hati mualaf untuk mempelajari agama Islam. 2) Pemberian kebutuhan rohani dan materi. 3) Dukungan dari Pendamping. 4) Dukungan dari Instansi Pemerintah maupun Swasta. Sedangkan faktor penghambat yaitu: 1) Kurangnya perhatian dari Pemkab. 2) Kesibukan Individu muallaf.
Pembentukan Karakter Islami Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Melalui Metode Pembiasaan
Authors: Nashrullah Nashrullah
Published: November 2022

Kemerosotan moral merupakan fenomena yang sudah tidak asing lagi terjadi di Negara Indonesia, terlebih lagi yang menyangkut remaja. Oleh karena itu, pembentukan karakter dan kepribadian anak sesuai dengan nilai keagamaan dan nilai kemanusiaan menjadi sebuah kebutuhan dan keharusan. Pendidikan karakter memiliki tujuan dan misi yang penting untuk menopang pembanguan karakter bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya dan keberhasilan pendidikan di sekolah pada khususnya, Tak terkecuali siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan, sehingga data-data yang diperoleh akan menghasilkan data-data deskriptif yang bersifat alamiah, adapun teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dan untuk keabsahan data menggunakan tringulasi dengan sumber, tekhnik dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Penerapann Metode Pembiasaan Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Isalami Pada Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus di SMALB Tut Wuri Handayani dilakukan oleh guru melalui aspek pengetahuan, Pelaksanaan dan Pembiasaan. Adapun nilai-nilai karakter Islami yang terbentuk adalah memiliki karakter bertakwa kepada Allah, karakter ikhlas, berempati, memiliki karakter rasa hormat dan disiplin.
Pengaruh Insentif dan Kedisiplinan Terhadap Kinerja dengan Religiuitas Sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Nasri Katman Muhammad , Rasul Pradana Muh , Ambo Masse Rahman
Published: November 2022

This study aims to prove or determine the partial and simultaneous effect of incentives and discipline on the performance of PT. Independent Distribution Partners with religiosity as a moderating variable. The method used is a quantitative method with quantitative descriptive. The sample used is 45 respondents. The data collected consists of primary and secondary data. Data analysis using SPSS version 25 application. The results of this study indicate that partially incentives have a positive effect on performance, discipline has no positive effect on performance and religiosity has a positive effect on performance. Simultaneously, each shows a significant effect on performance. Religiosity is able to moderate the relationship between incentives and discipline on the performance of PT. Mitra Distribusi Mandiri.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Terhadap Kinerja Indeks Pembangunan Manusia
Authors: Rahma Filasti , Yunarsi  , Wilda  , Dewi Yulianti
Published: November 2022

Human development is a process of human development that aims to be able to have more choices, particularly in income, health and education dimanasalah of the criterion can be seen through the Human Development Index. The aim of research was to analyze and obtain empirical evidence on the influence of financial performance (fiscal independency, effectiveness of Regional Original Revenue, and expenditure harmony) and economic growth on human development index in Bombana Regency and to find out the most dominant variable influencing human development index. The research was descriptive qualitative study to give a systematic, factual and accurate description on the facts and real condition of financial performance, economic growth, and human development index in Bombana Regency. The data in the research were time series secondary data obtained from library study. They were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The result of the research indicate that fiscal independency, the effectiveness of Regional Original Revenue, expenditure harmony, and economic growth have influence on human development index. Economic growth has the most dominant influence on human development index.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INFRAESTRUTURA DAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE ENSINO MÉDIO DO
MUNICÍPIO DE MARÍLIA COMO SUBSÍDIOS PARA A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA
LEI 13.415/2017
Authors: Gomes Vanessa de Souza , Sabia Claudia Pereira de Pádua
Published: November 2022

The present study aims to identify the infrastructure conditions presented in state public schools in the municipality of Marília to receive the implementation of the High School Reform (EM), Law N. 13415/2017, Evidencing the important of evaluation beyond the standardized tests, with discussions about the contextual factors of schools that need to be considered in the search for quality. The research was developed in a documentary and bibliographic nature, with the support of the PIBIC scholarship UNESP´s Rectoty. As a result, we identified that although the regulations of the Reform contemplate the need to improve the infrastructure, its implementation, which began in 2021, is taking place with the existing structural conditions. According to the infrastructure scale proposed by Soares et al. (2013) organized into four levels of classification, we found that all 18 schools that offer the EM in this municipality are classified as basic infrastructure for their operation. Only five schools have a Science Laboratory, two schools have a Library and the other Reading Rooms. We also highlight that seven of the 18 schools investigated were selected by the “Programa Escola + Bonita” (SÃO PAULO, 2019) because they have a greater need for investment in infrastructure. We emphasize that changing the curricular organization as the Reform of the EM proposes without the availability of objective working conditions is not enough for the advancement of quality, at the same time it does not provide a human and emancipatory training for young people.
Keywords: School infrastructure; High school reform; Marilia's high school; State public schools.
Mutual Recognition of Freezing and Confiscation Orders in the EU: What Issues are at Stake?
Authors: Calavita Oscar
Published: November 2022

This paper focuses on Regulation 2018/1805/UE, and aims to highlight its strengths and weaknesses. After a brief overview of the legal framework concerning freezing and confiscation orders, the paper seeks to underline the possible part of the Regulation that could help reaching the goal of increasing freezing and confiscation rates among EU Member States, as well as smoothening judicial cooperation.
Die Zivilgesellschaft als Partnerin auf Augenhöhe? Eine kritische
Authors: Holtkamp Lars , Garske Benjamin
Published: November 2022

Im Zeitverlauf wurde ein Werkzeugkasten an Partizipationsmöglichkeiten entwickelt, wie beispielweise Bürgerhaushalte. Doch auch im Zuge der Energiewende wurden die Rufe nach mehr Bürgerbeteiligung lauter. Die in der neueren Literatur wohl am meisten diskutierten Verfahren werden hier jenseits normativer Konzepte der partizipativen und deliberativen Demokratietheorie eingeordnet und die konzeptionellen Zugänge der Governance-Forschung gewürdigt. Fraglich ist, inwieweit die Formen der kooperativen Demokratie der repräsentativen Demokratie überlegen sind und Akteurskonstellationen arrangiert werden können. Im Ergebnis geht die Zivilgesellschaft selten eine partnerschaftliche Allianz ein. Vor allem die Implementationsprobleme in der Energiewende sind nicht allein durch mehr Demokratie lösbar und müssen in etablierten Strukturen der repräsentativen Demokratie verankert werden, will man Vetopositionen etwas einhegen. Offen bleibt, warum die Erkenntnisse regelmäßig ausgeblendet werden.
Das Ehrenamt in der Justiz – Erkenntnisse aus der empirischen Rechtsforschung
Authors: Höland Armin
Published: November 2022

Mehr als 100.000 Menschen sind in Deutschland in einer besonderen Form von Ehrenamt tätig. Sie wirken als ehrenamtliche Richterinnen und Richter gleichberechtigt mit den die Verhandlungen führenden berufsmäßigen Richterinnen und Richtern an mündlichen Verhandlungen und Entscheidungen in allen fünf Gerichtsbarkeiten mit. Die Mitwirkung ist in der überwiegenden Zahl der Fälle eine freiwillige. Allein in der Strafgerichtsbarkeit gibt es aufgrund der hier von den Gemeinden aufgestellten Vorschlagslisten für Schöffen Einschränkungen. Zu den Motiven, Arbeitsweisen und Erfahrungen im richterlichen Ehrenamt gibt es mittlerweile mehrere empirische Erhebungen, vor allem aus der Arbeits- und der Sozialgerichtsbarkeit. Deutlich werden hieraus Interesse und Freude an der richterlichen Funktion und der Eindruck, mit Lebensweltkenntnissen zur Gerechtigkeit und zur Verständlichkeit und Akzeptanz der gerichtlichen Entscheidungen beitragen zu können.
Medicine as Science
Authors: Roth Phillip H.
Published: November 2022

‘Medicine as Science’ uncovers the forgotten identity of medicine as a modern academic discipline. Many works on the history and sociology of science and medicine have overshadowed this identity with a focus on medicine as a modern profession. Through a historical sociology and using a conceptual historical lens, this book examines the identity work of medical science from the inception of modern research universities to current discourses on science and medicine. Showing how important institutions and basic concepts of medical science emerged and revealing their cultural origins, it explains how the idea of biomedicine has today come to mean the intimate connection between laboratory research and the prospects of better healthcare.
Advances in Inventory Control
Authors: Rameswari M.
Published: November 2022

Inventory control is an important part in logistics, which could manage the inventory by making revenue to keep continuous moving on to strengthen logistics and inventory management activities. The desired results and ensure measurable targets are set to drive the right decisions across the organization. The objective of the proposed model is to take into account the distributed block chain ledger system in industry. Block chain technology on inventory management will become a good traceability system. The impact of such digitization will be a very effective and efficient process that facilitates transactions for all industry people in the network.
Potential of Trichoderma Isolates to Control Plant Pathogen, Leaf Rust on Different Commercial Wheat Varieties/Genotypes
Authors: Afzal Sadia , Haroon Adeela , Arshad Hussain Muhammad , Chaudary Asad-Ur-Rehman , Amjad Bashir Muhammad , Atta Sagheer , Bashir Saqib , Adnan Bodlah Muhammad
Published: November 2022

The efficiency in the treatment of leaf rust of wheat was examined for the plant leaf extracts of neem and Moringa at varied concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 ml correspondingly. All treatments decreased fungal growth in vitro by greater than 90%. The germination of spores was decreased by 91.99% in the presence of neem leaf extract at 150 ml concentration. The percentage of pustules/leaf was reduced by foliar spray of the same treatments on seedlings of the wheat plant. The wheat plants show the greatest response against the pathogen of leaf rust by plant extract second foliar application on the fourth day of infection. Spray application of 150 ml, 100 mL of neem leaf extracts, and 150 ml of Moringa leaf extracts at wheat seedlings and rust development completely prevented four days after leaf rust inoculation. The application of treatments of all extracts on wheat plants at the mature stage significantly reduced the disease (ACI, average infection coefficient) and increased the efficacy of plant extract application as compared with control but neem 150 ml treatment was most effective in all. There was a higher increase of the chlorophyll and phenol content in wheat plants.
Spontaneous Tension Hemothorax in a Patient with Asbestosis
Authors: Suzuki Toshinao , Takada Toshihiko
Published: November 2022

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man with a history of asbestosis presented to the emergency department with sudden-onset dyspnea and hemoptysis, triggered by coughing. The patient was hemodynamically unstable and in respiratory distress. Computed tomography revealed a massive hemothorax on the left side and compression of the descending thoracic aorta. He underwent emergency surgical exploration after decompression by chest tube insertion. The hemothorax was caused by tears in the pleural adhesions due to asbestosis and induced by coughing.

Discussion: Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare subtype of hemothorax. There have been only a few case reports of spontaneous tension hemothorax. In addition to its typical findings, compression of the thoracic descending aorta was observed in our patient. We hypothesize that severely diminished pulmonary compliance contributed to the extremely high intrathoracic pressure, which led to this unusual finding.
Pelatihan Aplikasi CorelDRAW Siswa SMK Cakra Kusuma Desa Rejoagung Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Aisyah Indah Wulandari Putri  , Yuniar Eka
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this community service activity is: to provide training on graphic design applications using the CorelDRAW application where now a person is expected to have soft skills in any field. This training was held at the Cakra Kusuma Vocational School in Jombang Regency. It is hoped that this training will help Cakra Kusuma Vocational High School students with multimedia expertise get the supplies to enter the industrial world and be able to use the CorelDraw application. The method of community service is based on training, giving lectures directly on the tools in the CorelDraw application and also doing practical work on making stamp logos and certificates for an agency or company. The results of this training based on a questionnaire distributed to participants showed that 77% of students already knew what CorelDRAW was but to use graphic design applications they rarely or occasionally used it.
Reflexiones sobre las localidades de Potosí y Buenos Aires, Nicaragua: Teoría y fuentes.
Authors: Murillo Canda Rodrigo de Jesús , Palazio Galo Edgar
Published: November 2022

El propósito de este artículo es analizar e interpretar las diferentes fuentes presentes en el Archivo General de la Nación, Hemeroteca Nacional de Nicaragua y otros fondos documentales y virtuales que permitan construir la historia local de Potosí y Buenos Aires, y su relación con la agroindustria azucarera.En primera instancia, se identifica el método análisis y síntesis, el cual permite conocer profundamente las realidades que se estudia y organizarla, según el orden de importancia. Entre otras técnicas se utilizó el método: Regionalización, historia oral y el fichaje, la cual contempla la extracción de información clave para su valoración y aprovechamiento.El Archivo y Hemeroteca Nacional son instituciones rectorados por el Gobierno de la República de Nicaragua, donde se puede acceder a los fondos documentales y colecciones del Archivo Histórico para realizar diferentes tipos de investigaciones.
El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) para el desarrollo de la alfabetización informacional en niños en formación escolar.
Authors: Pelissaro Regina Dioga
Published: November 2022

La Sociedad de la Información y del Conocimiento es el agente transformador de la sociedad en un ecosistema informacional y demanda la alfabetización informacional, que necesita ser desarrollada por los individuos. Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) permiten elaborar, difundir, comunicar e interactuar con la información y están relacionadas a la evolución de la sociedad. La escuela es el espacio ideal para empezar a desarrollar las habilidades informativas y el contacto con las TIC. El estudio analiza los beneficios del estímulo al uso de las TIC en la escuela para desarrollar, en los alumnos, la alfabetización informacional. La metodología utilizada es el análisis de 6 artículos publicados en los últimos 15 años. Los resultados de los análisis constatan la importancia del uso de las TIC en el desarrollo de la alfabetización informacional en los alumnos y que los profesores necesitan mejor formación respecto a la utilización de las TIC para enseñanza en clase y como objeto de capacitación en habilidades informacionales.El estudio concluye que las TIC están cambiando la forma de vida de las personas y deben ser recursos incorporados al día a día de los niños desde la educación primaria.
Protocolo para la reapertura de las Bibliotecas de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Authors: REBIUNC Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Published: November 2022

El Protocolo para la reapertura de las Bibliotecas, aprobado por RR 623/2020, brinda pautas básicas de carácter preventivo para ser aplicado en los espacios de trabajo de las bibliotecas, centros de información y centros de documentación de las unidades académicas de la UNC.Comprende todos los puestos de trabajo, los procedimientos que en ellas se desarrollan y a todas las personas que realizan actividades de forma presencial, continúa o eventual; y establece medidas de índole preventivas y de gestión, que podrán ser adecuadas a cada biblioteca, contemplando particularidades y requerimientos necesarios, para mitigar el contagio de personas por exposición al virus.
Prestação de serviços na organização de acervos bibliográficos
Authors: Jorge Santa Anna  , Meneguci Gregório Elaine
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo corresponde a um relato de caso vivenciado no âmbito das práticas de organização e representação da informação na formação de acervos bibliográficos. Tem como foco a prestação de serviços realizada por equipes especializadas de bibliotecários, o que confirma a atuação desse profissional, de forma autônoma e empreendedora. Objetiva demonstraras atividades realizadas, a interação entre os membros da equipe, as contribuições alcançadas pela instituição contratante e pelos participantes contratados, como também alguns desafios e possíveis expectativas futuras. O estudo se caracteriza como uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, com procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica e relato de caso, a partir de serviços contratados para tratamento e organização do acervo de biblioteca universitária. Mediante às atividades de organização da informação realizada nos acervos bibliográficos, foi possível constatar que, é de fundamental importância que o bibliotecário, ao realizar as descrições, estabeleça uma relação dialógica com demais membros, a fim de esclarecer dúvidas e promover soluções mais efetivas. A presente consultoria ampliou o conhecimento dos bibliotecários, principalmente quanto às atividades técnicas de catalogação, indexação e classificação, além de fortalecer ações de gestão e relações interpessoais, algoimprescindível para o sucesso do trabalho em equipe, fundamental nos processos de organização da informação.
Unidades de información:
Authors: Rosas María Laura
Published: November 2022

Se pretende concientizar a los trabajadores de las unidades de información de los riesgos a los que se ven expuestos por interacción con el medio laboral, por desconocimiento y/o repetición de acciones cotidianas voluntarias o no, circunstancias que contribuyen a contraer enfermedades, accidentes o situaciones, que pueden impactar en su calidad de vida.Si bien hace alrededor de 40 años que a nivel internacional y del Mercosur existe legislación que promueve la salud del trabajador y la prevención de riesgos en el trabajo, en Uruguay hace pocos años que se establecieron comisiones bipartitas que fomentan que trabajadores y empleadores en conjunto fijen políticas de prevención de riesgos laborales en cada empresa.En nuestra realidad, se califica a los profesionales de ésta área, como trabajo administrativo y de oficina, sin tener en cuenta determinadas acciones, situaciones peligrosas o actos inseguros que se llevan a cabo y producen riesgos laborales no reconocidos. La concientización del trabajador estará dada en tener en cuenta la probabilidad existente en que dicho riesgo produzca un daño, la gravedad del daño producido y el tiempo o frecuencia de exposición al mismo, para aplicar entonces medidas correctivas o previsoras, según el caso.A modo de recordatorio mental para evitar dicha acción a futuro, se identifica el riesgo mediante una imagen con intención crítica, que deforma o ridiculiza situaciones de riesgo cotidiano, para producir un impacto visual que traerá al presente aspectos comportamentales en los que todos incurrimos.
La Gamificación
Authors: Bengochea Gonzalo
Published: November 2022

La Gamificación es un proceso donde entran en juego distintas mecánicas y técnicas propias de la identidad o esencia del diseño de juegos, que tiene como objetivo motivar a los participantes a conseguir propósitos específicos. Hay aspectos que no hacen a una propuesta de Gamificación, en vistas a diseñar una experiencia educativa y formativa. La Gamificación no implica precisamente la creación de un juego, no es un serious game, no es teoría de juegos y tampoco es diseñar fundamentalmente un sistema de recompensas o programas de fidelización. El juego en educación interpela al educador a problematizar las estrategias de enseñanza, buscando lograr la participación activa de los demás. Entendiendo que lo lúdico no pone el acento en el aprendizaje de contenidos, sino en la promoción de un entorno que estimule a cada estudiante en la construcción de un conocimiento propio cargado de significados personales.La motivación, en relación a las propuestas de Gamificación, nunca debe minimizarse simplemente a recompensas materiales por comportamientos, teniendo en cuenta que esto va conduciendo a la frustración continua por no conseguirlas. Dicha motivación puede identificarse desde dos tipos: intrínseca, que surge de factores propios de las personas, y extrínseca, que nace por elementos externos a la persona.El primer elemento que deben considerar en el proceso de diseño de una experiencia de Gamificación, es entender la fuerte similitud con la planificación didáctica de actividades o consignas específicas para diferentes propuestas o proyectos educativos que puede construir un educador. Estos elementos, entre otros (narrativa, dinámicas, mecánicas, elementos, objetivos),aparecen de manera articulada en el diseño de una experiencia de Gamificación.
Five-Year Review of a Pediatric Pharmacy Internship Program
Authors: Israel Emily N. , Smith Isaac A.
Published: November 2022

Pharmacy internship programs improve job readiness for pharmacy learners. Pediatric-focused programs are not well described in the literature and represent only a small subset of pharmacy internships; furthermore, they offer unique experiences for learners with a strong interest in pediatrics. To better meet this need, a paid pediatric pharmacy internship was implemented in 2017 for rising second- and third-year professional pharmacy students. The program provides high-quality inpatient experience to pharmacy students with a strong interest in pediatrics via a 10-week, full-time summer program and ongoing weekend shifts throughout the academic year. Key focus areas of the internship include clinical shadowing and topic discussions, completing medication histories, research activities, and inpatient pharmacy triage. This program offers a multifaceted approach to providing interns with health-system experience and prepares learners for future careers in clinical and health-system pharmacy. To date, 100% of the 6 former interns who have graduated from pharmacy school have obtained residency positions. Furthermore, a permanent medication history technician role was created secondary to the positive response to interns providing this service.
Cangrelor Dosing and Monitoring for Prevention of Acute Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunt Thrombosis in Neonates
Authors: Anton-Martin Pilar , Matherne Emma , Kramer Jennifer , Joseph Noel , Rayburn Mark
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

Systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunts are amongst the most common palliative procedures performed in neonates with congenital heart defects. These procedures require immediate postoperative thromboprophylaxis to prevent life-threatening shunt thrombosis. The novel use of intravenous P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonists has led to a need for dosing recommendations and monitoring. This study aims to determine cangrelor dosing in neonates through laboratory assessment of P2Y12 receptor reactivity and adverse events.

METHODS

Observational retrospective cohort study on the use of cangrelor for thromboprophylaxis in the immediate postoperative period of neonates undergoing placement of systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunts in a tertiary children's hospital from March 2020 to March 2021.

RESULTS

Ten neonates receiving cangrelor post systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt placement were included in the study. Median age and weight were 4 days (IQR, 2.75–5.25) and 3.49 kg (IQR, 3.1–3.75), respectively. Five (50%) patients received a 3.5-mm shunt, while the remaining patients received a 4-mm shunt. For thrombin inhibition, 5 (50%) patients received heparin and 5 (50%) received bivalirudin. Median cangrelor dose was 0.1 mcg/kg/min (IQR, 0.1–0.1). Median achieved P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) at this cangrelor dose was 127.5 (IQR, 72.5–173.75). No shunt thrombosis occurred in these patients; however, there was 1 minor hemorrhagic event.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study suggests that a cangrelor dose of 0.1 mcg/kg/min is associated with therapeutic PRU and prevents shunt thrombosis in neonates post systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt, with minimal hemorrhagic complications.
A Preliminary Assessment of the Effects of Pharmacist-Driven Methadone Stewardship for the Treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome at a Tertiary Children's Hospital
Authors: Celestin Gregorey , Balding Meagan , Para Jenna L. , Utley Aubrey , Shaddix Brittany Powers
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

Lack of a standardized opioid wean guideline for the treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has the potential to increase the length of the wean and subsequently the length of stay for neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a pharmacist-driven methadone stewardship program for NAS treatment.

METHODS

The NAS stewardship program consisted of provider, pharmacist, and nursing education, a pharmacy surveillance system rule, and an updated clinical practice guideline. The pre- and post-intervention period were defined as patients admitted to the NICU from July 2019–October 2019 and August 2020–November 2020, respectively. The primary objective was to assess the effect of the stewardship program on the duration of opioid treatment in days. Secondary outcomes included number of dose titrations and length of hospital stay.

RESULTS

A total of 21 patients were included in this study. Neonates treated following the adoption of the stewardship program (n = 8) experienced a 34% decreased median duration of treatment (29 days vs 19 days; p = 0.84). Secondary endpoints of median number of titrations and length of stay were decreased by 15% (1.5 titrations; p = 0.52) and 24% (8 days; p = 0.85), respectively, leading to an average cost savings of $60,020 per patient.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of a standardized stewardship guideline for treatment of NAS resulted in a favorable decrease in all considered endpoints. Implications of the study further support the need for more evidence-based standardized guidelines for optimal treatment of patients with NAS.