bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of oleogel based on components Helianthus annuus L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. as frying oil
Authors: Samoylov A. V. , Tsyganova T. B. , Yakovlev E. A. , Dudkina E. V.
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to study the oxidation resistance and functional properties of oleogels based on high oleic oil and wax from Helianthus annuus L. with the addition of a natural complex antioxidant — an extract from Rosmarinus officinalis L. and lecithin from Helianthus annuus L. — when used as a frying medium for French-fries. High oleic sunflower oil was structured into an oleogel with sunflower wax at a dosage of 5%. Studies were carried out to determine the possibility of replacing the synthetic antioxidant tert-butylhydroquinone at a dosage of 200 mg/kg with a natural antioxidant based on rosemary extract and sunflower lecithin in an oleogel with a defoamer. It was determined that the introduction of sunflower wax increased the induction period of high-oleic sunflower oil by 1.6 times, and the additional introduction of defoamer and antioxidants increased this figure by 1.8–2 times. The rate of accumulation of oxidation products in oil, which is characterized by the level of total polar materials, decreased when wax and antioxidants were added. The degree of thermal oxidation most quickly reached the limit value in oil without additives; in oleogels, it significantly decreased. The introduction of sunflower wax into oil contributed to a noticeable decrease in the absorption of oil by potatoes: fried in oleogel, it absorbed 34–38% less oil than fried in oil without additives. The addition of 0.07% rosemary extract with sunflower lecithin to the oleogel increased the operating time of frying oil by at least 2 times, approximately the same as that of the oleogel with tert-butylhydroquinone. This makes it possible to replace the synthetic antioxidant in deepfrying oleogel with natural rosemary extract with sunflower lecithin. The developed oleogel is a frying oil that has a longer service life and allows you to get fried products with a lower amount of fat.
Protein preparations from rapse processing waste: A review of the current status and development prospects of existing technologies
Authors: Degtyarev I. A. , Fomenko I. A. , Mizheva A. A. , Serba E. M. , Mashentseva N. G.
Published: July 2023

The demand for protein products is increasing due to the demographic growth of the world’s population. As an alternative to traditional sources of protein, waste from plant raw material processing is becoming increasingly popular. An important place in the global economy is occupied by oilseeds, in particular rapeseed, which production volumes are increasing in the Russian Federation every year. Rapeseed (Brassicaceae napus) is of great interest due to its high oil content (39.80–46.00%) and rich fatty acid composition, while cake and meal formed in the process of oil production are characterized by a significant content of crude protein (35.00–45.00%) and crude fiber (8.20–17.50%); however, they are used mainly as a feed additive. Recent studies on the processing of rapeseed waste indicate the value of this raw material as a source of dietary protein, which has a balanced amino acid profile and a high degree of digestibility (up to 85%). To obtain protein, rapeseed processing is envisaged: cleaning, grinding, cold pressing at a temperature of ≤ 40 °C, fat extraction with a solvent. At the next stages, the protein is extracted with 0.1–0.5 M NaCl at pH 5.3–12.0 and a temperature of 5–30 °C for 1 hour. The extracted protein is precipitated at the isoelectric point (pH 4.0) with HCl, separated from the mixture and neutralized. The result is a protein isolate with a protein content of 90.0–98.7%. It is possible to increase the quality and yield of the protein product due to the additional stage of processing the defatted cake with cellulolytic enzyme preparations. In this case, additional studies are required to determine the substrate specificity of commercial cellulase enzyme preparations and the optimal hydrolysis conditions. The parameters of extraction and precipitation of the protein in the case of using the stage of enzymatic lysis should also be specified.
Examination of the extract from lichen (Cetraria islandica) after an ultrasonic impact
Authors: Nitsievskaya K. N. , Stankevich S. V. , Boroday E. V.
Published: July 2023

An integral part of human healthy nutrition is intake of biologically active substances. Extraction is an important stage of isolation of different bioactive substances from plants and effectiveness of their extraction increases with the use of ultrasonic treatment. The aim of this research was to study an effect of different types of aqueous media and treatment methods on Cetraria islandica, including the use of principles of ultrasonic treatment and maceration methods (infusion). The experimental studies consisted in detecting an effect of the active acidity of the aqueous medium (solvent) and method of impact upon extraction on several physicochemical and rheological indicators. The experimental samples of extracts were examined by the following indicators: active acidity and redox potential detected by the ionometric technique; dynamic viscosity and the depth of output of polymeric forms of phenolic substances determined by measuring the optical density and transmission coefficient. Mathematical processing of data using the regression analysis was carried out. The results are presented as graphs, tables and regression equations. It has been established that transfer of substances from Cetraria islandica to its extracts had high results at pH = 7.0 and рН = 9.0 of the solvent. When obtaining extracts by the infusion method, the quantity of polymeric compounds in the transition process was 1.3 times higher than the quantity of monomeric forms of phenolic compounds. The highest value of the dynamic viscosity was revealed in the extract sample obtained by the infusion method in the alkaline medium. The extracts obtained can be used in food system modeling.
Identification of UFGT-gene-associated groups of Vitis vinifera L. by the developed method of PCR-RFLP genotyping of grape
Authors: Vafin R. R. , Mikhailova I. Y. , Ageykina I. I.
Published: July 2023

The Vitis vinifera L. UFGT gene is one of the diagnostically significant genes for genetic testing of technical grape varieties as well as wine materials and wines produced from them. The strategy for genetic identification of grape varieties and DNA authentication of wine materials that was previously developed by us and is based on direct sequencing of the specific PCR product with a length of 99 bp gave an impulse to prognostic assessment of feasibility of PCR-RFLP analysis for detection of five diagnostically significant polymorphic positions and the following identification of 13 UFGT gene-associated groups of Vitis vinifera L. The aim of this work consisted in identification of UFGT gene-associated groups of Vitis vinifera L. by detection of diagnostically significant polymorphic positions using the developed PCR-RFLP method for genotyping of grape. Objects of research were 24 samples of technical grape varieties. Their sample preparation was carried out by extracting 50–100 mg of mature grape pulp or stone with its mechanical comminution in a mortar and transfer to an Eppendorf-type tube. Then, nucleic acids were extracted using a commercial innuPREP Plant DNA Kit or DiamondDNA Plant kit. PCR-RFLP with the extracted grape DNA was performed with Phire Plant Direct PCR Master Mix and four selected restrictases (PstI, BsaXI, BtsIMutI and HinfI) according to the protocols presented in the paper. The detection of the PCR-RFLP fragments was performed by visualization of electropherograms in a UV transilluminator after horizontal electrophoresis in 2.5% agarose gel with stained TAE buffer. The method for PCR-RFLP genotyping of grapes developed specially for identification of UFGT gene-associated groups of Vitis vinifera L. by detecting diagnostically significant polymorphic positions demonstrated its feasibility when testing 24 samples of technical grape varieties. With that, the positive result was achieved due to the practical ability of each of four selected restrictases to discriminate the strictly specified polymorphic position generating characteristic PCR-RFLP profiles of 13 UFGT gene-associated groups of Vitis vinifera L., seven of which were revealed during this study. Therefore, as a result of the performed study, the genotypic affiliation of several tested grape varieties was established: six samples were identified as representatives of the UFGT gene-associated group No.1; one sample was assigned to gene-associated group No.2; two samples were characterized by the trait of associated group No.3; four samples belonged to group No. 4; one sample to group No. 5; six samples to group No.13.
Enzyme systems for fragmentation of the rhamnogalacturonan sites main chains in plant tissue protopectin complex
Authors: Kondratenko V. V. , Kondratenko T. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Special features of the protopectin complex structure of plant tissue suggest the necessity of performing point destruction of certain glycoside bonds in the structure of rhamnogalacturonan polymer chains for industrial production of pectin. These chains include homogalacturonan sites and branching zones. As the homogalacturonan fragments of the protopectin complex carry the main functional load, glycoside bonds between residues of rhamnose and galacturonic acid are targeted bonds. For their directional destruction, it is most expedient to use enzymes of lyase and hydrolase action. The aim of this review is to systemize notions of molecular specific features of enzymes of lyase and hydrolase action that catalyze the process of enzymatic destruction of the rhamnogalacturonan main chain. The paper examines systematics of lyase and hydrolase enzymes by mechanism of destruction of glycoside bonds and by molecular structure. It is shown that the classification data intercross, as a result, each family can include one or several enzyme groups. The review shows the main structural difference of enzymes of lyase and hydrolase action that consists in the obligatory presence of Ca2+ cations in the composition of lyase enzymes. These cations take part in stabilization of conformation of the enzyme molecule and in the catalytic process per se blocking the residue of galacturonic acid. Ca2+ cations are absent in the composition of targeted hydrolase enzymes. Molecular specific features of lyase enzymes determine sensitivity of their catalytic activity to the presence of Ca2+ cations in the system. Exceeding certain concentration can lead to the antagonistic effect. There is no unambiguous idea of this regarding hydrolase enzymes. The review demonstrates the necessity of studying approaches to assessment of expediency of preliminary partial removal of cations from the substrate.
Study of extraction parameters, quantitative yield of polysaccharides and antioxidant activity of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria
Authors: Sukhikh S. A. , Dolganyuk V. F. , Kremleva O. E. , Ulrikh E. V. , Kashirskikh E. V. , Babich O. O.
Published: July 2023

Exopolysaccharides and endopolysaccharides are the main components in the antioxidant complex of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria. The extraction of these compounds from the cells is really energy consuming, as well as it requires large doses of chemicals due to the resilience, recalcitrance, complexity and diversity of the cell wall in microalgae. The purpose of this article was to study the dependence of polysaccharides quantitative yield on the power of ultrasound treatment and duration of their extraction, as well as to determine the antioxidant activity of the antioxidant complex of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria. In order to find and confirm the antioxidant properties of the complexes obtained from the microscopic algae biomass, we used the method based on measuring the optical density (in a liquid nutrient medium), i. e. the method for determining the antioxidant activity of the samples under research by their ability to reduce the level of free radicals. As a result of the studies the rational conditions were found for the extraction of the antioxidant complex from the cell culture fluid, and from the cell-related psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile, and Anabaena cylindrica. For the exopolysaccharides extraction from the psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile and Anabaena cylindrica, the method of ethanol extraction with an extraction module of 1:2 and an extraction temperature of 5 °С was used. The ability of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile and Anabaena cylindrica to produce an antioxidant complex was studied. It was found that this complex contains polysaccharides: endopolysaccharides and exopolysaccharides in particular. The ability of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile, and Anabaena cylindrica to produce an antioxidant complex was proven by the presence of significant antioxidant activity of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria, determined and confirmed by the methods ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP. The psychrophilic microalga Skeletonema pseudocostatum possesses the highest antioxidant activity. The availability of antioxidant properties in psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria opens up the prospects for their practical application.
Functional properties of the dietary fibers and their using in the manufacturing technology of fish products
Authors: Pivnenko T. N.
Published: July 2023

This review presents the up-to-date scientific ideas about the role of dietary fibers of plant origin (fiber and hydrocolloids) and animal origin (chitosan and collagen) in the food systems. The main attention is focused on their significance and methods of their using in the manufacturing technology of fish products. Dietary fibers are considered as important components of a diet; the dietary fibers prevent certain disorders and regulate the physical and mental health of the population. Consuming of fish products contributes both to the enrichment of raw materials with functional ingredients, as well as to the increasing in the efficiency of processing of raw materials, including underestimated and underutilized aquatic biological resources. The review shows the influence of dietary fibers on the restructuring of fish muscles systems, their ability to hold water and fats, to stabilize emulsions, to change their sensory characteristics, to increase the yield of the finished food products, and also their ability to influence the shelf life of the finished food product. The mechanisms of involving the certain groups of dietary fibers into the physicochemical and biochemical processes of interaction with the components of fish raw materials are considered; the influence of various conditions of processing on gelation and emulsification is studied. The factors that provide antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of various dietary fibers are given. The properties and examples of using the commercial fiber preparations obtained from various sources are analyzed separately, and the significance of the molecular structure of chitosan and collagen for ensuring the specified technological parameters is considered. It is concluded that using the dietary fiber in the manufacturing process of fish products increases the economic efficiency of production and contributes to the development of the healthy food industry.
New technologies of ice roads construction to maintain the sustainable cold chain of supply in the northern regions of Russia
Authors: Goncharova G. Yu. , Borzov S. S. , Borschev G. V.
Published: July 2023

The article reviews the current state of winter ice roads (winter glacial roads) and presents data that confirm the necessity of their service life extension in order to maintain the uninterrupted cold chain of supply in the northern regions of Russia. The regulatory documents that regulate the design engineering and construction of winter ice roads are analyzed. The existing methods and technologies of winter roads construction have been analyzed. The possibility of using the geosynthetic materials for ice roads reinforcement is considered, as well as possible challenges arising from their use are exposed for consideration. The use of chemical modifiers for the creation of structural materials based on water ice is shown to be prospective and promising, especially in combination with the reinforcement of ice blocks. Modern approaches to choice of ice modifying compounds and materials for ice reinforcing are described, as well as criteria achieved on the basis of their application. The scientific studies confirming the possibility of a significant increase in the bearing capacity of glacial coverage and, as a result, an earlier start of their operation is carried out. It is shown that the combined use of reinforcement and ice modifiers allowed the ice sample to maintain its integrity even under exposure to significant deformation loads. The technical possibility of additional reinforcement of ice transport routes as a result of optimizing the modal parameters of their formation, depending on weather conditions, is also described.
A szamár potenciális szerepe az egészségturizmusban
Authors: Pécsek Brigitta , Beke Szilvia
Published: July 2023

A kutatás egy Magyarországon honos haszonállat, a szamár turisztikai hasznosíthatóságára hívja fel a figyelmet elsősorban az egészségturizmusra fókuszálva. A tanulmány tudományokon átívelő módon mutatja be az elmélet háteret és egy külföldi gyakorlatot is bemutat esettanulmány formájában. Egy félig strukturált mélyinterjú tárja fel a magyar helyzetet, a már létező turisztikai termékeket és a turisztikai potenciált. Az interjú során kiderült, hogy a szamárnak Magyarországon haszonállatként nincs gazdasági jelentősége. Hobbi állatként turisztikai szerepük elenyésző, bár vannak ez irányban kezdeményezések. Az irodalomelemzés és a primer kutatás is arra mutatott rá, hogy nincs olyan korlátozó tényező, mely a szamár bevonását a turizmusba meggátolná. Az interjúban az is megfogalmazódott, hogy a kézenfekvő megoldás a lovasturizmussal foglalkozó turisztikai vállalkozások pályára lépése lenne. A kutatás egyértelmű következtetése, hogy a szamár az egészségturizmuson belül számos területen szerepet kaphatna Magyarországon, így a gyógyászatban, a wellness turizmusban, valamint a gasztronómiában is.
Gamification Using Visual Novel to Improve Chemistry Learning Motivation
Authors: Suryapranata Louis Khrisna Putera , Bahagia Felix Intan , Lazarusli Irene Astuti
Published: July 2023

Learning chemistry at the beginning of senior high school is difficult because there is too much information that should be remembered, especially the periodic table. To reduce the difficulty of students’ learning processes, gamification could be helpful. In this study, gamification applications in the form of a visual novel have been developed and focused on the periodic table material for 1st-year senior high school students. The motivation improvement had been measured using the IMMS (Instructional Materials Motivation Survey) questionnaire in the pre-test and post-test sections. Respondents filled out the pre-test at the beginning of the experiment, followed by a visual novel playing session for one week. After the playing session ended, the respondent filled out the post-test. The motivation score from the pre-test and the post-test result had been compared using a paired T-test to see whether there was an improvement in learning motivation. It could be concluded that improvement in learning motivation happened due to the usage of visual novels, with an overall motivation score improvement of around 18.61%. In the future, this study will be continued by applying user personalization according to learning style preferences.
Confiscation of Russian Assets for the Restoration of Ukraine: Legal Problems of Implementation
Authors: Yakoviyk Ivan , Turenko Anna
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of creating and applying legal mechanisms for blocking and confiscating Russian assets in order to use them for the restoration of Ukraine, which suffered from Russian aggression. The subject matter of the study is the analysis of international legal norms, national law, international and national judicial practice. The purpose of the article is to study and assess the legal possibilities of compensation for damages caused by Russian aggression against Ukraine. The research methodology involves an analysis of the rules of public international law, international humanitarian law and international criminal law, which the states that have imposed anti-Russian sanctions may rely on when seeking mechanisms for confiscation of Russian assets under sanctions in order to satisfy Ukraine's claims for reparations against Russia. Achieving the objectives of the study also involves an analysis of international and national law on the issue of foreign sovereign immunity in the context of the possibility of confiscation of assets of the Russian Central Bank. The author examines the issue of freezing (blocking) of assets of persons under the jurisdiction of the countries initiating anti-Russian sanctions. The author proves that these actions are a widely used policy tool of the United States, the European Union and other states which seek to punish the government of a particular country in this way. As part of the blockade, assets may be held until the country that violates international law changes its policy. In the case of Russian aggression, the United States and other countries that have frozen Russian assets may refuse to return them as a countermeasure until Moscow not only stops its aggression against Ukraine but also pays reparations to Ukraine. It is established that the general trend (albeit with some exceptions) of the last two decades has been to strengthen the immunity from enforcement of foreign central banks' property, which is in line with the approach adopted in the UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property. The author considers the possibility of creating legal mechanisms for the confiscation of Russian assets frozen by Western countries and a number of other states, both at the international and national levels. Based on the study, the author formulates conclusions regarding the existence of legal (both at the level of international and national law) and political (primarily, the fear of retaliatory sanctions, and most importantly, the possibility of withdrawal of assets of foreign investors and central banks of individual states from the United States) obstacles to the confiscation of Russian assets.
Abraham's Legacy: Togetherness of Christian and Islamic Faith
Authors: Putrawan Bobby Kurnia , Hanock Edward Everson
Published: July 2023

This article is a study about Abraham, known as the ancestor obtained by Isaac and Ishmael. His offspring are already widespread. With all the inheritance given to them, get Abraham to start life in a different land and with different blessings. Here is the crucial point. The difference seems to have proved the fact that as a result of Abraham coming from fellowship and brotherhood remain intertwined and maintained, because these two things are also Abraham's legacy. Through literature studies, some data about Abraham are described in a narrative manner with the aim of being based on Abraham's inheritance, namely blessings, descent and land implemented correctly and proportionally. What is presented in this review article on two dimensions of inheritance: spiritual and community. Spiritual, from a biblical perspective, speaks of a promise, while the community is more towards the vision of sociology and managerial pluralism
Qur'anic Digital Civility: Contemporary Indonesian Muslim Interaction on Social Media
Authors: Fatah Abdul , Shofaussamawati Shofaussamawati , Khusniyah Aziizah
Published: July 2023

This paper examines how the digital civility (morality) of contemporary Indonesian Muslim interaction on social media. The gap in Muslim behaviour on social media with the teachings of the Qur'an is caused by negative prejudice or sadistic behaviour; therefore, the values of Qur'anic digital civility are degraded. The research method used is a literature review examining Muslim interaction on social media such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Contextual hermeneutics is used to analyze the interaction patterns of Muslims on social media. This research shows that Muslim interaction patterns on social media fall into the disassociation category, leading to incivility. One of incivility is flaming (verbal attacks in the form of blasphemy and insults); this is proven by hateful posts on social media. This behaviour pattern in social media is far from Qur'anic values which call for good speech, honesty and avoiding hoaxes; the words used must be courteous, put forward the principles of appropriateness and decency, and smooth and soft. These values of Qur'anic teaching are called digital Qur'anic civility
Epistemology of Hadith: Orientation for Chapters Compilation in the Kutub Sittah
Authors: Ulama'i Hasan Asy'ari , Muhtarom Muhtarom , Mundhir Mundhir
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the epistemology of hadith, namely the orientation and background of the arrangement of the "chapters" in the Kutub Sittah. More specifically, this paper is directed at answering questions: 1) what is the background and orientation of the Kutub Sittah chapters arranged, and 2) how is the order of the books/chapters arranged? Through the descriptive analysis method, this study concludes; 1) the chapters in the Kutub Sittah were compiled by the compilers to serve as a guide for Muslims in following the sunnah of the Prophet, and to make it easier for them to obtain answers to their problems based on the sunnah of the Prophet; 2) The Kutub Sittah compiles its hadiths based on fiqh chapters so that the naming of Sunan in the works of Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah is very fitting. The work of al-Bukhari and Muslim is called Jami' because there is the addition of a special discussion, namely the chapters of faith, knowledge, fadhilah, tafsir, and manaqib.
HIPEREXPOSIÇÃO E ESPETÁCULO
Authors: Faustino André , Oliveira Barcha Adriano de Salles
Published: July 2023

A popularização do uso e acesso da internet e o desenvolvimento das aplicações de internet permitiram a criação de ferramentas que modificaram as formas de relacionamento humano, dentre elas se destacam as redes sociais. Nas redes sociais os indivíduos se sentem encorajados a exporem a sua vida, a sua intimidade com finalidade de atrair cada vez mais interesse nessa vida exposta. A intimidade se transforma em mercadoria e os indivíduos dentro dessas redes sociais se transformam em capital, um capital social. Todo esse tipo de relacionamento é traduzido em oportunidade de mercantilização da exposição ou espetacularização da vida privada, da intimidade. A noção de privado é mitigada, dando espaço para uma nova forma de obtenção de lucro, a vida privada se transforma em mercadoria, a vida em objeto de desejo, possibilitando, dentro das redes sociais, o consumo das vidas alheias como mercadorias expostas em uma vitrine, e os sistemas psíquicos, na incessante busca pela diminuição de complexidade social, enfrentam um dilema diante desse consumo e exposição de privacidade fomentados pelo sistema econômico.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Ferreira Marcela Santos , Coimbra de Rezende Filho Luiz Augusto
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho relata uma experiência desenvolvida com os estudantes do Curso Técnico de Enfermagem do CEFET/Uned-NI, em uma prática de ensino envolvendo o uso de audiovisuais. Tem como proposta refletir sobre questões relacionadas com a construção de conhecimento pelos discentes, sobre a história da Psiquiatria Brasileira, a partir da leitura de audiovisuais. Tem como inspiração a educação problematizadora e os estudos do campo da Comunicação. O diálogo entre estas permite desenvolver uma prática educativa alternativa às tradicionais pautadas na passividade do aluno. As obras audiovisuais utilizadas foram o documentário “Em Nome da Razão” e os filmes “Nise o coração da loucura” e “Bicho de Sete Cabeças”. A prática de ensino também constou de aulas teóricas prévias às obras citadas e a produção de vídeos pelos alunos em que se identificaram os sentidos produzidos a partir das leituras fílmicas. Nota-se que investir em estratégias de ensino não convencionais e valorizar o sentido que o aluno produz sobre as obras audiovisuais são importantes para a compreensão de como se dá o processo de construção do conhecimento por ele, bem como retroalimentar as práticas de ensino, modificando-as.
Desempeño académico en matemática en estudiantes universitarios antes y después de la suspensión de clases presenciales por la COVID-19
Authors: Dueñas Béjar Juan , Delgado Aguilar Rocío Consuelo , Gutiérrez Reynoso Mónica Rocio
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el desempeño académico entre los estudiantes de los ciclos 2019-II y 2022-II en la primera asignatura de matemática. En el análisis, se consideraron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, tipo de colegio, modalidad de ingreso y carrera profesional. La muestra no probabilística estuvo constituida por 445 estudiantes del 2019-II y por 269 del 2022-II. El desempeño académico se categorizó en dos grupos: aprobado y desaprobado. Las pruebas estadísticas evidenciaron que existen diferencias significativas en el desempeño académico en la primera asignatura de matemática, en la cual se obtuvo un mayor promedio en el 2022-II.
As formas do instante: dois modelos rítmicos de subitaneidade
Authors: Queiroz Zeno
Published: July 2023

Based on Pedro Serra’s argument (2019) about the models of suddenness in literary modernity, the essay proposes a comparative analysis of “Alumbramento”, by Manuel Bandeira, and “Matinal”, by Paulo Henriques Britto, in order to investigate not only the content of the instant in two moments of Brazilian lyric, but also – and above all – their modes of formalization. Finally, a general reading hypothesis is put forward for Paulo Henriques Britto’s poetry, considered both in its language and its historicity.
Оптимизация параметров гетероструктуры CdHgTe/HgTe с одиночной квантовой ямой для генерации плазмон-фононов
Authors: Алешкин В.Я. , Рудаков А.О. , Дубинов А.А.
Published: July 2023

Devoted to the choice of the optimal quantum well
band gap for the generation of two-dimensional plasmon phonons
in CdHgTe/HgTe heterostructures. It is shown that the optimal
effective band gap is a band gap that slightly exceeds the energy
of a longitudinal optical phonon in the barrier.
Однофотонное излучение InGaAs-квантовой точки, выращенной на подложке (111)B GaAs
Authors: Деребезов И.А. , Гайслер В.А. , Гайслер А.В. , Дмитриев Д.В. , Торопов А.И. , Rodt S. , von Helversen M. , Reitzenstein S.
Published: July 2023

The results of a study of the optical characteristics of non-classical light sources based on single In(Ga)As quantum dot grown on a (111)B GaAs substrate are presented. The single-photon nature of the radiation is confirmed by measuring and analyzing the second-order correlation function g(2)(τ), g(2)(0)=0.033 ± 0.027, and the degree of indistinguishability of sequentially emitted single photons is (41 ± 10 )%.
Широкополосное излучение суперлюминесцентных диодов на основе многослойных структур с квантовыми яма-точками InGaAs/GaAs
Authors: Максимов М.В. , Шерняков Ю.М. , Корнышов Г.О. , Симчук О.И. , Гордеев Н.Ю. , Бекман А.А. , Паюсов А.С. , Минтаиров С.А. , Калюжный Н.А. , Кулагина М.М. , Жуков А.Е.
Published: July 2023

We have studied superluminescent diodes with simplified design and active region based on 5 or 7 layers of InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots (QWDs). Emission peaks of the individual QWD layers are shifted with respect to each other by 15-35 nm to provide as wide as possible emission line in a superluminescent mode with central wavelength of about 1 µm without significant spectral dips. For superluminescent diodes with the active region based on 5 and 7 QWD layers, the maximal value of full width at half maximum of emission spectrum was 92 and 103 nm respectively.
Rehabilitation of children with Lyme arthritis
Authors: Nykytyuk S.О. , Levenets S.S. , Klymnyuk S.I. , Martynyuk L.P. , Pyvovarchuk D.S. , Dyakiv O.B. , Gabor G.G.
Published: July 2023

Background. Lyme disease is a common tick-borne infection. Untimely diagnosis and treatment lead to the chronicity of the process with the development of late lesions of various systems and organs and possible disability. The purpose of the study was to develop a program of rehabilitation measures for children with Lyme disease. Material and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the Ternopil Regional Children’s Hospital. Twenty children, residents of the Ternopil region, who applied to the Ternopil Regio­nal Children’s Hospital for tick bites and, as a result, diagnosed Lyme arthritis, took part in the study. To assess the severity of pain, we used scales and questionnaires for the diagnosis of DN4 neuropathic pain. Laboratory and instrumental studies were performed such as evaluation of the level of malondialdehyde, diene conjugates, superoxide dismutase. Results. Clinical examination of tick-affected children with Lyme disease showed that the most common primary clinical manifestation is a typical skin lesion — erythema migrans. In case of arthritis, all children notice inflammatory changes and pain in the joints. As a result of the conducted studies, the activation of peroxidation in children with Lyme disease was detected (an increase in the level of malondialdehyde and a decrease in superoxide dismutase, diene conjugates). It was shown that combined therapy with the use of magnetic laser therapy leads to the normalization of lipid peroxidation. Conclusions. All children with Lyme arthritis have a pain syndrome of varying severity. In patients with Lyme disease, there is an increase in the activity of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the functional capacity of the antioxidant defense system. Children who underwent traditional treatment for Lyme arthritis reported a partial normalization of lipid peroxidation as evidenced by a significantly decreased level of diene conjugates compared to controls. In the group of patients who underwent combined treatment for Lyme arthritis (antibacterial therapy + magnetic laser therapy), the activity of antioxidant defense was normalized. Combination of magnetic laser therapy with antibacterial therapy demonstrates an improvement of pain status and faster rehabilitation of children.
The role of miRNAs in the development of cholangiopathies. Part 1
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: July 2023

The role of miRNA in the development of cholangiopathies is given in the scientific review. This article discusses the role of miRNA in primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cho­langitis. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Global Health, The Cochrane Library databases. The authors state that in hepatobiliary diseases, namely cholangiopathies, micro-RNAs affect the regulation of hepatocyte, cholangiocyte proliferation, cell cycle, inflammatory processes, fibrosis, chemoresistance and cell survival. Researchers have determined that patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis have significantly increased levels of miR-26a, miR-30b, miR-126, miR-122, miR-194, miR-1281 in blood serum and miR-412, miR-640, miR-1537 and miR-3189 in the bile of relatively healthy individuals. It is known that the number of differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with primary biliary cholangitis reaches 97, of which the most diagnostically significant is miR-139-5p. Scientists note that increased miR-139-5p expression in hepatocytes correlates with increased production of TNF-α and repression of c-FOS gene transcription. It is stated that the researchers proposed an alternative hypothesis of miRNA-mediated induction of the inflammatory reaction of the bile ducts in primary biliary cholangitis. The hypothesis is presented that the activity of the generation of miR-106b-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-93-5p, which perform key regulatory functions in it, is the basis of the functioning of the miRNA-mRNA network in primary biliary cholangitis. Thus, the data of modern research indicate that cholangiopathies are accompanied by a change in the spectrum of production of various micro-RNAs that regulate the activation of inflammation, regeneration, proliferation, apoptosis of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. A decrease or increase in the level of some micro-RNA expression is critical in the pathological processes that occur in primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis, but micro-RNAs can be not only markers, but also targets of these processes.
CLINICAL AND ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ASCITES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: DALABEHERA SOUMYA , Mohanty Sriprasad , Behera Bijaya Kumar
Published: July 2023

Objectives: Ascites is one of the common clinical problems confronting a physician, with a myriad of causes behind. Early detection and evaluation of the causes of ascites help in effective management and lessens complications. However, there is lack of data regarding the prevalence of causes of ascites in our set-up. Hence, this study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital to study the clinical profiles and etiological factors of patients with ascites.
Methods: This prospective and observational study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine of S.C.B. Medical College and hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India, from September 2019 to November 2021. Hundred patients of ascites of either sex >18 years of age admitted in the medicine ward fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study and were thoroughly evaluated after obtaining informed consent. All the patients were subjected to detailed history taking, thorough physical examination and routine laboratory evaluation such as complete blood count, random blood sugar, liver function test, renal function test, serum protein and albumin, serum electrolytes, prothrombin time, international standardized ratio, hepatitis B surface antigen, and antibody to hepatitis C. Hepatic encephalopathy, when present, was classified into four grades according to West Haven criteria. Ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis, Digital chest X-ray PA view, and ECG were done in all the patients.
Results: In the present study of 100 patients, major cause of ascites was found to be cirrhosis of liver (64%) followed by tuberculosis (10%), malignancy (9%), heart disease (7%), and nephrotic syndrome (3%). The major cause of the cirrhosis of liver was alcoholism (64%) followed by hepatitis B (15.6%), Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (14.1%), Hepatitis C (4.7%), and cryptogenic (3.1%). Complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were observed in 17% and 7.8% cases of ascites, respectively.
Conclusion: Cirrhosis of liver was found to be the most common cause of ascites in our study followed by tuberculosis and malignancy. Alcoholism was the most common cause of cirrhosis followed by chronic hepatitis B.
HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF OXALIS CORNICULATA LINN. ON NORMAL AND ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC ALBINO RATS
Authors: Kaushik Shobhit , Rai Jayant , Samuel Madhulika Peter , Kaushik Shipra
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate hypoglycemic action of Ethanolic extract of leaves of Oxalis corniculata linn. on normal and Alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats.   Methods: Hyperglycemia is induced by use of intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan and Adrenaline. After that test drug Ethanolic extract of leaves of Oxalis corniculata (ELOC) and standard drug Glibenclamide in administered. The hypoglycemic effect of ELOC is compared with the standard drug and control.   Results: Significant hypoglycemic activity of ELOC was seen in Alloxan induced hyperglycemia when blood glucose levels were estimated from different tissues. Also, significant hypoglycemic activity of ELOC was seen in Adrenaline induced hyperglycemia.   Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of leaves of Oxalis corniculata (ELOC) possess hypoglycemic activity. Key words: hypoglycemic activity, Alloxan, Oxalis corniculata
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY TO EVALUATE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN SCRUB TYPHUS PATIENTS
Authors: PANI SHRADHANJALI , SETHI TARANISEN , Patel Nayan kumar , Majhi Chakradhar
Published: July 2023

Objective: This study was conducted with the objective of estimating the incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) in scrub typhus patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 90 patients diagnosed with scrub typhus in a tertiary care center. Basic demographic and treatment details of the patients were recorded. Routine hematological investigations and biochemical profiles were performed upon admission and follow-up. AKI was defined and classified based on the RIFLE criteria. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49.0±19.5 year and a female preponderance was observed. The hemoglobin level was significantly lower in AKI patients as compared to non-AKI patients. Meanwhile, there was a significant increase in mean TLC count, C-reactive protein, and total bilirubin in AKI patients as compared to non-AKI patients. Was significantly higher as compared to those without AKI. Increasing age, Intensive care unit admission, shock, urinary abnormalities, and mechanical ventilation were the factors significantly associated with AKI. Conclusion: AKI is a frequently reported complication in scrub typhus patients. In evaluating febrile illnesses associated with AKI, scrub typhus should be considered.
OUTCOME OF MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION CASES ADMITTED AT NUTRITIONAL REHABILITATION CENTER: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY FROM A TEACHING HOSPITAL FROM SOUTHEASTERN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Meena Dinesh kumar , Aswani Nishant , Singh Amar Pal , Sharma Gopikishan
Published: July 2023

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional interventional measures on nutritional status of SAM children admitted in NRC in terms of increment in basic defining criteria of SAM.
Methods: 54 cases were included in the study. Baseline variables such as age and sex duration of stay; general physical examinations including status of edema and systemic examination were conducted, and the clinical signs of micronutrient deficiencies were assessed. Anthropometric parameters such as weight, height/length, and mid-upper arm circumference were recorded at admission and discharge.
Results: The mean weight of children at admission and discharge was 5.88±1.59 kg and 6.71±1.77 kg, respectively. Average weight gain was 0.84±0.42 kg (t = −0.784, p=0.437). An average rate of weight gain was 11.22±5.43 gm/kg/day. The Mean MUAC at admission was 10.62±1.21 cm, and mean MUAC on discharge was 11.49±1.24 cm. After intervention in hospital, about 65% of patients had <−2 Standard deviation (SD) of weight for height.
Conclusion: We concluded that NRCs are effective in the management of malnutrition.
TEN YEARS OF RETROSPECTIVE PROFILING OF THE ABANDONED FETUSES AND NEWBORNS
Authors: SINGH JASPINDER PRATAP , KUMAR KULDIP , SHARMA AASHISH
Published: July 2023

Objectives: Despite the problem being present in every corner of our country, research studies are scarce on the topic of the abandonment of fetuses or newborns. In this light, this research seeks to look at the prevalence and autopsy profiling into the cases of abandonment of newborns/fetuses and the possible suggestions.
Methods: The present 10 years prospective study was conducted to observe the profiling of the abandoned newborns/fetuses after taking permission from the institutional ethical committee. The records of all the medico-legal autopsies conducted under 317 IPC at Government Medical College, Amritsar, from January 2014 to February 2023, were analyzed.
Results: The total number of autopsy cases conducted under 317 IPC. In the present study, 02 (9.1%) females were known cases, while among the unknown cases, there 06 (27.3%) were males and 14 (63.6%) were female. Most cases were females, 16 (72.7%) and 6 (27.3%) were males. The maximum number of cases reported in 2019 was 4 (18.2%), while 03 (13.6%) were reported in 2016 and 2021, respectively. The most common were homicidal deaths in 14 (63.6%) cases, followed by natural deaths in 5 (22.7%) cases, and the cause of death could not be ascertained in 3 (13.7%) cases.
Conclusion: Whatever the reason or motive for the newborn or fetuses’ abandonment, this issue needs urgent attention.
IMPACT OF CORTICOSTEROIDS ON PERINATAL OUTCOME
Authors: KSK DIVYA , SAHITHI BARLA KOMAL , GEDALA VIVARNA
Published: July 2023

Objective: The study’s main aim was to demonstrate the efficacy of antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone) to prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and other related complications in premature babies and to study the outcomes of neonates whose mothers received corticosteroids during the antenatal period.
Methods: A total of 50 pregnant women with a risk of preterm delivery admitted to the labor ward of Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences were included in the study. It is a prospective, hospital-based, and longitudinal study. All women coming to the antenatal outpatient department of Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences who are at risk of preterm delivery were selected. The follow-up component of the study involved women identified as at high risk for premature delivery and who had received betamethasone. The neonatologist diagnosed the neonatal complications was taken as an outcome.
Results: Of the 50 babies that were enrolled in the study, 27 (54%) were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery, 1 by assisted breech (2%), 1 by instrumental delivery (2%), and 18 (36%) were delivered by cesarean section. The occurrence of RDS among babies with low APGAR was 4 (44.44%). Only one intraventricular hemorrhage occurred among the category, with a low APGAR score (11.11%). Out of 19 cases, ten deaths were identified, and nine were alive within 24 h due to the action of steroids. Among 31 cases, two cases were death, and 29 were alive after 24 h of the duration of action of steroid. Even though mothers of all babies in this study admitted to the neonatal unit had received corticosteroids, there was still 24% mortality by 28 days. The results suggest that once admitted to NICU, having only received a single dose of corticosteroids <24 h previously (as opposed to more than 24 h), gestational age <34 weeks, and having any listed neonatal complications were associated with mortality by 28 days.
Conclusion: Even though 50% of the neonates suffered complications, over 40% of the subjects were delivered before betamethasone could take effect. Several other factors, apart from betamethasone, influenced the outcome of neonates. The present study showed that the use of ANCS administration is the single most intervention to prevent complications of prematurity which can be done at a public health center or by a private practitioner, even in rural areas.