bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pressure induced superconductivity in the antiferromagnetic Dirac material BaMnBi2
Authors: Chen Huimin , Li Lin , Zhu Qinqing , Yang Jinhu , Chen Bin , Mao Qianhui , Du Jianhua , Wang Hangdong , Fang Minghu
Published: May 2017

The so-called Dirac materials such as graphene and topological insulators are a new class of matter different from conventional metals and (doped) semiconductors. Superconductivity induced by doing or applying pressure in these systems may be unconventional, or host mysterious Majorana fermions. Here, we report a successfully observation of pressure-induced superconductivity in an antiferromagnetic Dirac material BaMnBi2 with T
c
of ~4 K at 2.6 GPa. Both the higher upper critical field, μ0H
c2(0) ~ 7 Tesla, and the measured current independent of T
c
precludes that superconductivity is ascribed to the Bi impurity. The similarity in ρ
ab
(B) linear behavior at high magnetic fields measured at 2 K both at ambient pressure (non-superconductivity) and 2.6 GPa (superconductivity, but at the normal state), as well as the smooth and similar change of resistivity with pressure measured at 7 K and 300 K in zero field, suggests that there may be no structure transition occurred below 2.6 GPa, and superconductivity observed here may emerge in the same phase with Dirac fermions. Our findings imply that BaMnBi2 may provide another platform for studying SC mechanism in the system with Dirac fermions.
Large scale phosphoprotein profiling to explore Drosophila cold acclimation regulatory mechanisms
Authors: Colinet Hervé , Pineau Charles , Com Emmanuelle
Published: May 2017

The regulatory mechanisms involved in the acquisition of thermal tolerance are unknown in insects. Reversible phosphorylation is a widespread post-translational modification that can rapidly alter proteins function(s). Here, we conducted a large-scale comparative screening of phosphorylation networks in adult Drosophila flies that were cold-acclimated versus control. Using a modified SIMAC method followed by a multiple MS analysis strategy, we identified a large collection of phosphopeptides (about 1600) and phosphoproteins (about 500) in both groups, with good enrichment efficacy (80%). The saturation curves from the four biological replicates revealed that the phosphoproteome was rather well covered under our experimental conditions. Acclimation evoked a strong phosphoproteomic signal characterized by large sets of unique and differential phosphoproteins. These were involved in several major GO superclusters of which cytoskeleton organization, positive regulation of transport, cell cycle, and RNA processing were particularly enriched. Data suggest that phosphoproteomic changes in response to acclimation were mainly localized within cytoskeletal network, and particularly within microtubule associated complexes. This study opens up novel research avenues for exploring the complex regulatory networks that lead to acquired thermal tolerance.
Correction: Corrigendum: Impact of salt stress, cell death, and autophagy on peroxisomes: quantitative and morphological analyses using small fluorescent probe N-BODIPY
Authors: Fahy Deirdre , Sanad Marwa N. M. E. , Duscha Kerstin , Lyons Madison , Liu Fuquan , Bozhkov Peter , Kunz Hans-Henning , Hu Jianping , Neuhaus H. Ekkehard , Steel Patrick G. , Smertenko Andrei
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 39069; published online: 01 February 2017; updated: 03 May 2017. This Article contains errors. In Table 1, the polymorphism for sos1-15 “SALK_114744” should read “SALK_149947”. Additionally, the legend for Figure 7 is incorrect: “(A) Model of the SOS1 gene and positions of T-DNA insertions.
Correction: Corrigendum: Association between C4, C4A, and C4B copy number variations and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Jun , Liao Dan , Yang Lu , Wang Yingxiong , Hou Shengping
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 42628; published online: 16 February 2017; updated: 03 May 2017 The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete. “This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation Project (81522013), Chongqing Outstanding Youth Grant (cstc2014jcyjjq10005), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology (CSTC, 2008CA5003), Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program (cstc2014pt-sy10002), National Key Clinical Specialties Construction Program of China and Research and Cultivation Foundation Project of Chongqing Medical University (201407)”.
Correction: Corrigendum: Epitaxy of highly ordered organic semiconductor crystallite networks supported by hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Matković Aleksandar , Genser Jakob , Lüftner Daniel , Kratzer Markus , Gajić Radoš , Puschnig Peter , Teichert Christian
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 38519; published online: 08 December 2016; updated: 03 May 2017 This Article contains an error in the Acknowledgments section, where: “This work is supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF Der Wissenschaftsfonds) through project I- 1778-N20”. should read: “This work is supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF Der Wissenschaftsfonds) through project I1788-N20”.
Recent progress on upgrading of bio-oil to hydrocarbons over metal/zeolite bifunctional catalysts
Authors: Shi Yanchun , Xing Enhui , Wu Kejing , Wang Jianlong , Yang Mingde , Wu Yulong
Published: May 2017

Upgrading of bio-oil over metal/zeolite bi-functional catalysts, is of high necessity and popularity in converting biomass to high-quality hydrocarbons (transportation fuels and petrochemicals) to reduce the overall CO2 emissions of fossil based materials.
Exploring the solid state and solution structural chemistry of the utility amide potassium hexamethyldisilazide (KHMDS)
Authors: Ojeda-Amador Ana I. , Martínez-Martínez Antonio J. , Robertson Gemma M. , Robertson Stuart D. , Kennedy Alan R. , O'Hara Charles T.
Published: May 2017

The coordination chemistry of the important potassium amide KHMDS has been explored both in the solid state and in solution.
Ensemble clustering of phosphoproteomic data identifies differences in protein interactions and cell–cell junction integrity of HER2-overexpressing cells
Authors: Schaberg Katherine E. , Shirure Venktesh S. , Worley Elizabeth A. , George Steven C. , Naegle Kristen M.
Published: May 2017

Overexpression of HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the ERBB family, is related to increased cancer progression and aggressiveness.
The effect of carbohydrate structures on the hydrogelation ability and morphology of self-assembled structures of peptide–carbohydrate conjugates in water
Authors: Tsuzuki Tomoya , Kabumoto Marina , Arakawa Hanae , Ikeda Masato
Published: May 2017

Carbohydrate structures of peptide–carbohydrate conjugates have a noticeable effect on the morphology of self-assembled structures.
A NHC-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of allyl ketones with azides: direct access to 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Yuan Huijun , Zhang Lili , Liu Zhantao , Liu Yang , Wang Jian , Li Wenjun
Published: May 2017

A NHC-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of allyl ketones with azides has been developed. This strategy could generate 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in high yields and regioselectivities in the presence of a 20 mol% N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst. A broad substrate scope of this process is also presented.
A ladder-type iron(ii) coordination polymer with enhanced spin-crossover behavior
Authors: Yan Zheng , Zhu Long-Feng , Zhu Lian-Wen , Meng Yan , Hoque Md. Najbul , Liu Jun-Liang , Chen Yan-Cong , Ni Zhao-Ping , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: May 2017

A ladder-type 1D coordination polymer with enhanced spin-crossover behaviour is reported. It showed an abrupt spin transition above room temperature with a 3 K hysteresis (T1/2↓ = 335 K andT1/2↑ = 338 K).
Ordered and disordered cyclodextrin nanosponges with diverse physicochemical properties
Authors: Singh Vikramjeet , Xu Jianghui , Wu Li , Liu Botao , Guo Tao , Guo Zhen , York Peter , Gref Ruxandra , Zhang Jiwen
Published: May 2017

Herein, in addition to conventional β-CD-NSPs, the NSPs of α, γ, HP-β, methyl-β, and SBE-β cyclodextrins were synthesized by a simple modified approach and thoroughly characterized.
Concentration-related microwave heating processes: electromagnetic interference of Maillard reaction substrates (glucose and lysine)
Authors: Zhang Nana , Fan Daming , Chen Meng , Chen Yanfang , Huang Jianlian , Zhou Wenguo , Zhang Wenhai , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei
Published: May 2017

Glucose and lysine are important substrates involved in the Maillard reaction.
Preliminary characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel functional polysaccharide from Astragalus residue fermented by Paecilomyces sinensis
Authors: Sun Hui-Qing , Zhu Zhen-Yuan , Yang Xue-Ying , Meng Meng , Dai Li-Cui , Zhang Yong-Min
Published: May 2017

An Astragalus residue was reutilized through solid-state fermentation by Paecilomyces sinensis, which is a member of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc.
A Ruthenium(ii) complex as a potential luminescent switch-on probe for G-quadruplex DNA
Authors: Li Li , Liu Hui-Min , Liu Xu-Kui , Liao Si-Yan , Lan Yu-Tao , Wu Qiong , Wang Xi-Cheng , Wang Qi , Zhang Shuang-Yan , Mei Wen-Jie
Published: May 2017

A ruthenium(ii) complex can be developed as a potential luminescence switch-on probe through selectively recognizing and promoting self-assembly of c-myc G-quadruplex DNA.
Corrosion control of mild steel in 0.1 M H2SO4solution by benzimidazole and its derivatives: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Zhou Yang , Guo Lei , Zhang Shengtao , Kaya Savaş , Luo Xiaofang , Xiang Bin
Published: May 2017

Corrosion inhibition studies of mild steel in H2SO4solution by some benzimidazole derivatives have been investigated using weight loss, electrochemical, density function theory, and molecular dynamics simulation methods.
Conformable and ionic textiles using sheath-core carbon nanotube microyarns for highly sensitive and reliable pressure sensors
Authors: Kim So Young , Jee Eunsong , Kim Joo Sung , Kim Do Hwan
Published: May 2017

Conformable and reliable ionic textiles on the basis of sheath-core carbon nanotube microyarns are utilized for implementing highly sensitive and reliable piezocapacitive pressure sensors.
Polyurethane–polylactide-based material doped with resveratrol decreases senescence and oxidative stress of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cell (ASCs)
Authors: Kornicka K. , Nawrocka D. , Lis-Bartos A. , Marędziak M. , Marycz K.
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of resveratrol (RES)-doped polyurethane (TPU)–polylactide (PLA) biomaterials on the senescence and oxidative stress factor of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for tissue engineering.
A novel β-diiminato manganeseIII complex as the promising anticancer agent induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis via mitochondrial-dependent pathways in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Farghadani Reyhaneh , Rajarajeswaran Jayakumar , Mohd Hashim Najihah Binti , Abdulla Mahmood Ameen , Muniandy Sekaran
Published: May 2017

Novel β-diiminato manganeseIII complex has shown promising anti-breast cancer activity.
A triterpenoidal saponin fraction of Conyza blinii H.Lév. is a dual-targeting autophagy inhibitor for HeLa cells
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Hu Chenxi , Sun Nana , Li Yuyin , Man Shuli , Liu Zhenxing , Diao Aipo , Ma Long
Published: May 2017

Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process in eukaryotic cells. The triterpenoidal saponin fraction (Conyza blinii saponins, CBS) isolated from medicinal plant Conyza blinii H.Lév. is a dual-targeting autophagy inhibitor for HeLa cells.
Bio-based carbonaceous composite materials from epoxidised linseed oil, bio-derived curing agent and starch with controllable functionality
Authors: Supanchaiyamat N. , Shuttleworth P. S. , Sikhom C. , Chaengkham S. , Yue H.-B. , Fernández-Blázquez J. P. , Budarin V. L. , Hunt A. J.
Published: May 2017

Fully bio-derived thermoset composites were synthesised from epoxidised linseed oil, bio-derived curing agent and starch with controllable functionality (Starbon ®).
Co-delivery of hydrophilic gemcitabine and hydrophobic paclitaxel into novel polymeric micelles for cancer treatment
Authors: Di Yan , Gao Yunyun , Gai Xiumei , Wang Dun , Wang Yingying , Yang Xiaoguang , Zhang Dan , Pan Weisan , Yang Xinggang
Published: May 2017

Schematic illustration of the preparation and intracellular performance of GEM–VE and PTX–VE loaded FA–PEG–VE micelle.
Effect of the calcination temperature of cerium–zirconium mixed oxides on the structure and catalytic performance of WO3/CeZrO2 monolithic catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3
Authors: Xu Haidi , Sun Mengmeng , Liu Shuang , Li Yuanshan , Wang Jianli , Chen Yaoqiang
Published: May 2017

The calcined temperature of the carrier obviously affected SCR activity of catalysts, WO3/Ce0.68Zr0.32O2-500 showed the best low-temperature NH3-SCR activity due to its more Lewis acid sites and stronger redox property.
The synthesis of hybrid nanostructure comprising star-shaped GaN nanowires and Si nanoworms
Authors: Park Ji-Hyeon , Chatterjee Uddipta , Kang San , Um Dae-Young , Lee Cheul-Ro
Published: May 2017

Herein, we demonstrated a novel hybrid nanostructure comprising star-shaped GaN nanowires with Si nanoworms having drifting Au nanoparticles inside realized simultaneously.
Steam-assisted transformation of natural kaolin to hierarchical ZSM-11 using tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide as structure-directing agent: synthesis, structural characterization and catalytic performance in the methanol-to-aromatics reaction
Authors: Wei Zhenhao , Zhu Kake , Xing Lanyu , Yang Fan , Li Yunsheng , Xu Yarong , Zhu Xuedong
Published: May 2017

Transforming natural kaolin into pure-phase hierarchical aggregates of nano ZSM-11 has been achieved by using a novel tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide as a structure-directing agent via steam-assisted crystallization.
Fabrication of periodic arrays of needle-like Si nanowires on (001)Si and their enhanced field emission characteristics
Authors: Cheng S. L. , Lin H. C. , Huang Y. H. , Yang S. C.
Published: May 2017

We report here the fabrication and field emission properties of highly-ordered, vertically-aligned tapered Si nanostructure arrays on (001)Si.
Fatty acid eutectic mixtures and derivatives from non-edible animal fat as phase change materials
Authors: Gallart-Sirvent Pau , Martín Marc , Villorbina Gemma , Balcells Mercè , Solé Aran , Barrenche Camila , Cabeza Luisa F. , Canela-Garayoa Ramon
Published: May 2017

Non-edible animal fat waste as a source of phase change materials.
Designing brighter near-infrared fluorescent proteins: insights from structural and biochemical studies
Authors: Baloban Mikhail , Shcherbakova Daria M. , Pletnev Sergei , Pletnev Vladimir Z. , Lagarias J. Clark , Verkhusha Vladislav V.
Published: May 2017

A new chromophore in near-infrared fluorescent proteins is described, and amino acid residues affecting their spectra and brightness are identified.
Single operation palladium catalysed C(sp3)–H functionalisation of tertiary aldehydes: investigations into transient imine directing groups
Authors: St John-Campbell S. , White A. J. P. , Bull J. A.
Published: May 2017

Mono and bidentate amine directing groups formed transiently though imine linkages promote C–H arylation of tertiary aldehydes.
Catechol adsorption on graphene nanoplatelets: isotherm, flat to vertical phase transition and desorption kinetics
Authors: Chen Lifu , Li Xiuting , Tanner Eden E. L. , Compton Richard G.
Published: May 2017

UV-Vis and nano-impact experiments are presented here as a powerful method for probing adsorption and desorption of molecules on nanomaterials.
Fabrication of nanoscale NiO/Ni heterostructures as electrocatalysts for efficient methanol oxidation
Authors: Wang Juan , Teschner Detre , Yao Yuanying , Huang Xing , Willinger Marc , Shao Lidong , Schlögl Robert
Published: May 2017

The fabrication of Ni-based heterostructures with controllable compositions (NiO/Ni, NiO and Ni) and structures (core–shell, NiO void shell, Ni core) on oxygen functionalized carbon nanotubes for effective methanol oxidation.
Interface engineering of 3D BiVO4/Fe-based layered double hydroxide core/shell nanostructures for boosting photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Zhu Yukun , Ren Jun , Yang Xianfeng , Chang Guojing , Bu Yuyu , Wei Guodong , Han Wei , Yang Dongjiang
Published: May 2017

A {010} and {110} facet-dominated BiVO4/Fe-based LDH core/shell nanostructure was fabricated by an interface engineering strategy and it boosted photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution performance due to enhanced light absorption and increased interfacial charge transfer.
Freestanding nano-photoelectrode as a highly efficient and visible-light-driven photocatalyst for water-splitting
Authors: Zhou Yansong , Chen Gang , Sargent Edward H. , Zhuang Taotao , Thang Dinh Cao , He Fang
Published: May 2017

A freestanding nano-photoelectrode PEDOT:PSS/CdS/ZnO/WS2 was constructed as highly efficient and visible-light-driven photocatalyst for water-splitting.
Interactions of organic nanoparticles with proteins in physiological conditions
Authors: Miceli Enrico , Kar Mrityunjoy , Calderón Marcelo
Published: May 2017

The efficacy of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is strongly influenced by their ability to bind proteins onto their surface. The analysis of organic nanoparticles interacting with proteins in physiological conditions may help in the successful design of next generation nanoparticles with improved biodistributions and therapeutic performances.
Pyridine derivative-induced fluorescence in multifunctional modified carbon dots and their application in thermometers
Authors: Han Mumei , Wang Liping , Bai Liang , Zhou Yunjie , Sun Yue , Li Hao , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Kang Zhenhui
Published: May 2017

NS-Cdots can be used as fluorescent probes for cell imaging and as effective thermometers.
Airborne platform attitude determination by using aerial image series
Authors: Tian Xiangrui , Huang Wei
Published: May 2017

A method for determination of attitude of the airborne remote sensing platform is proposed. In this method, the attitude of airborne platform can be obtained on‐line by following four steps: (i) recording the attitude of the platform at time t0, which serves as the initial attitude; (ii) starting from t0, taking aerial images using the dedicated camera fixed on the airborne platform at time tk (k = 0, 1, 2, …) regularly and noting as the kth (k = 0, 1, 2, …) aerial image; (iii) calculating the attitude change between every two adjacent images; (iv) determining the attitude of the platform at a time according to the initial attitude and the related attitude change. Simulation results proves the theoretical feasibility of the method. The attitude error sources are also be analysed. The attitude accuracy is proportional to focal length, field angle and matching accuracy of the corresponding points. Physical experiments were carried out to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Structure of polyacrylate/nanoparticle interfaces
Authors: Matsuura Kazuki , Matsushita Minoru , Matsuda Yasuhiro , Tasaka Shigeru
Published: May 2017

The structure of polymer/nanoparticle interfaces was discussed using X‐ray diffraction measurements with mixtures of polyacrylates [poly(ethyl acrylate) and poly(n‐buthyl acrylate)] and nanoparticles (Al2O3 and SiO2). The amorphous halo with two peaks present for the bulk polymers changed, both in diffraction angle and intensity, into a peak in the mixtures. A novel polyacrylate structure at the interface (5–10 nm) with nanoparticles was formed with a specific chain conformation that was different from the bulk structure observed using Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy.
Azobenzene Macrocycles: Synthesis of a Z-Stable Azobenzenophane
Authors: Heindl Andreas , Schweighauser Luca , Logemann Christian , Wegner Hermann
Published: May 2017

Azobenzenes have attracted increasing attention in the past years due to their application as molecular switches. In this report, we present a macrocyclic bisazobenzene that exists as the stable Z-isomer. The synthetic efforts as well as the successful strategy are discussed. Final ring closure under continuous irradiation gave the (Z,Z)-bisazobenzenophane. This Z-azobenzene does not show any isomerization under either heating or prolonged irradiation. The thermal stability of the Z-form has also been supported by computations. The prepared bisazobenzenophane represents one of the few azobenzenes in which the Z-isomer is more stable than the E-isomer.
Performance of Robotic Assistance for Skull Base Biopsy: A Phantom Study
Authors: Zhu Jian-Hua , Wang Jing , Wang Yong-Gui , Li Meng , Guo Yu-Xing , Liu Xiao-Jing , Guo Chuan-Bin
Published: May 2017

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a custom robot system guided by optical cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based navigation for skull base biopsy.

Design An accuracy study was conducted.

Setting Platform for navigation and robot-aided surgery technology.

Participants Phantom skull.

Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome measure was to investigate the accuracy of robot-assisted needle biopsy for skull base tumors. A 14-gauge needle was automatically inserted by the five degrees of freedom robot into the intended target, guided by optical navigation. The result was displayed on the graphical user interface after matrix transformation. Postoperative image scanning was performed, and the result was verified with image fusion.

Results All 20 interventions were successfully performed. The mean deviation of the needle tip was 0.56 ± 0.22 mm (measured by the navigation system) versus 1.73 ± 0.60 mm (measured by image fusion) (p < 0.05). The mean insertion depth was 52.3 mm (range: 49.7–55.2 mm). The mean angular deviations off the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis were 1.51 ± 0.67, 2.33 ± 1.65, and 1.47 ± 1.16 degrees, respectively.

Conclusions The experimental results show the robot system is efficient, reliable, and safe. The navigation accuracy is a significant factor in robotic procedures.
Management des massiven intraoperativen Blutverlusts anhand eines Fallbeispiels
Authors: Pape Andreas , Ippolito Angelo , Warszawska Joanna , Raimann Florian J. , Zacharowski Kai
Published: May 2017

Der massive intraoperative Blutverlust stellt eine potenziell lebensbedrohliche Komplikation während eines operativen Eingriffs dar. Die letale Trias aus schockbedingter Azidose, Hypothermie und Koagulopathie verstärkt die Blutungsneigung zusätzlich. Um diesen circulus vitiosus zu vermeiden, erfordert das Management einer intraoperativen Massivblutung ein strukturiertes und standardisiertes Vorgehen. Vorrangige Behandlungsziele sind dabei die Aufrechterhaltung einer adäquaten Gewebeoxygenierung, die Wiederherstellung einer suffizienten Gerinnungsfunktion, sowie Normothermie und die Homöostase des Säure-Basen- und Elektrolythaushaltes. Der vorliegende Artikel veranschaulicht diese Therapieziele und ihre pathophysiologischen Hintergründe anhand eines Fallbeispiels.
Participation after Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury: Results of a Pilot Study in Outpatient Neurorehabilitation in Vorarlberg
Authors: Pöppl Dominik , Marheineke Judith , Deck Ruth
Published: May 2017

Objective A multicentric study has reported on the sustained effects of outpatient neurorehabilitation in Germany. Different to Germany, the biopsychosocial model of disability, as described in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (published by the World Health Organization), is not incorporated into Austrian law. There is a need for objective measurement instruments for routine outcome evaluation of outpatient neurorehabilitation in Austria. The present examines the extent to which the instruments used for the German multicentric study are applicable in the Austrian rehabilitation context and if there are similar rehabilitation effects over time.

Method In a multicentric observational study, patients of 4 Austrian outpatient neurorehabilitation centers for stroke or traumatic brain injury were asked to fill in a questionnaire. This was carried out 4 times throughout the program: on admission and discharge as well as on month 4 and 12 post rehabilitation. Additionally, clinical experts were asked to rate the patients’ status at admission and discharge.

Results and conclusions The results of 4 outpatient neurorehabilitation centers in Vorarlberg (Austria) suggest that the used measurement instruments are reasonable for the evaluation of outpatient neurorehabilitation in Austria, based on the ultimate goal “participation and self-determined conduct of life”. For routine outcome evaluation, fewer instruments should be used and adjustments should be made while assessing more severely affected patients.
Frei fluktuierende intraokulare Zysten
Authors: Werner Jens , Lang Gerhard , Enders Christian
Published: May 2017

Hintergrund Frei fluktuierende intraokulare Zysten lassen sich in der Vorderkammer (FZV) und im Glaskörper (FZG) finden. Vor fast 150 Jahren wurde erstmals eine solche frei fluktuierende Zyste beschrieben; sie gelten als okuläre Raritäten.

Material und Methoden Es werden exemplarisch 2 Patienten demonstriert. Anhand dieser Beispiele erfolgt eine Übersicht über den aktuellen Wissensstand.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Patient 1 zeigte als Zufallsbefund eine FZV, die glatt begrenzt, transluzide und leicht pigmentiert war. Die Ultraschallbiomikroskopie zeigte einen echofreien Binnenraum der Zyste auf. Bei Beschwerdefreiheit und fehlender Behandlungsindikation wurden lediglich Verlaufskontrollen angeraten. Zysten der Iris lassen sich in primäre und sekundäre einteilen. Primäre Zysten der Iris können sowohl vom Stroma als auch vom Pigmentepithel abstammen, wobei FZV i. d. R. vom Pigmentepithel entstehen. Sekundäre Zysten und auch FZV können durch Tumoren, Inflammation, Epithelimplantation, Ophthalmologikaanwendung oder aber intraokulare Fremdkörper induziert werden. Patientin 2 wies neben deutlichen myopen Fundusveränderungen eine FZG mit gelb-grünlicher Oberfläche auf; die Transparenz war reduziert und die Oberfläche nicht pigmentiert. Auch hier zeigte die Sonografie einen echofreien Binnenraum und es wurden lediglich Verlaufskontrollen angeraten. Bei FZG werden angeborene und erworbene Ursachen diskutiert. So könnten FZG ebenfalls vom Pigmentepithel der Iris abstammen, es gibt jedoch diesbezüglich widersprüchliche Untersuchungsergebnisse. Als erworbene Ursachen werden Trauma, Inflammation und chorioretinale Erkrankungen in Betracht gezogen. Vor allem bei FZG ist die Genese nach wie vor nicht abschließend geklärt. Wichtig für die Behandlung von Patienten mit FZV und FZG ist eine genaue Kenntnis über mögliche Entstehungsursachen, um eine Therapieentscheidung treffen zu können. Bei Verlaufskontrollen ist eine qualitativ hochwertige Dokumentation mit Fotografie und Ultraschall (-biomikroskopie) erforderlich.
Correlations between serum mineral content and cashmere traits in Raeini goats
Authors: Bafti M. Shamsaddini , Salehi M. , Moumen S. M. Seyeed , Ezatkhah M.
Published: May 2017

It has been long established that the right balance in trace elements is required to ensure animal health and optimal growth. Hair is particularly rich in trace elements such as sulfur and it has been proposed that the quality of fibres derived from hair may be influenced by the amount of trace elements present. In this study, we evaluated the quality and mineral content of Raeini goat cashmere over the course of 1 year. Potential factors that can influence the mineral content of cashmere were further considered, including sex, age, seasons, herd variables and serum trace elements. Twenty-four male and 48 female Raeini goats were selected and a total of 216 fibre samples were taken during two 6-month intervals of annual fibre growth from nomadic, rural and breeding station flocks. In addition, samples of blood, soil, range forage, animal ration (hand feeding), and surface and deep water from four seasons were also obtained. The results indicate a positive correlation between cashmere percentage and zinc content. In addition, we also observed a negative correlation between cashmere tenacity and its zinc, sulfur and serum copper content. These results provide new insights into the factors affecting cashmere quality, and will aid in designing new studies for determining the best combination of factors that lead to optimal cashmere quality.
The effect of pre-graze mowing on milk production of dairy cows grazing grass–herb–legume pastures managed under contrasting spring defoliation regimes
Authors: Cun G. S. , Edwards G. R. , Bryant R. H.
Published: May 2017

Strategies to increase herbage dry-matter (DM) production are sought for dairy systems. One proposed strategy is tactical spring defoliation with greater pre-grazing herbage mass and higher post-grazing heights. However, there are concerns over the effects of these strategies on herbage quality, DM intake and milk production. Irrigated, diverse pastures in Canterbury, New Zealand, containing perennial ryegrass, white clover, chicory, plantain and lucerne, were managed over two grazing rotations in spring under normal (grazed to 3.5 cm) or lax management (grazed to 5 cm, allowing early ryegrass seedhead development before normal grazing at anthesis ‘late control’). On the third grazing rotation, a milk production study was conducted. Thirty-six, mid-lactation spring calving Friesian × Jersey dairy cows were allocated to nine groups of four cows and randomly allocated to three replicates of the following three treatments: (1) normal grazing (Norm), (2) lax grazing of standing herbage (Lax) and (3) lax grazing with pre-graze mowing of herbage (Mow). Cows were offered a daily herbage allocation of 30 kg DM/cow above ground level, with milk production measured over 8 days. Pastures managed under lax management had higher pre-grazing herbage mass (4149 kg DM/ha) than did pastures managed under normal management (3105 kg DM/ha), but all treatments had similar metabolisable energy (~12.26 MJ ME/kg DM). Daily milksolid (MS) production tended to be lower (P = 0.07) for cows grazing pastures managed under Lax and Mow (2.34 and 2.24 MS/cow.day respectively) than with Norm (2.43 MS/cow.day). Although there was no difference in daily MS production between mowing and greater pre-graze herbage mass, switching from a high to low grazing residual managed by either grazing or mowing in late spring is likely to have a negative impact on milk production.
Combined effects of soil salinity and high temperature on photosynthesis and growth of quinoa plants (Chenopodium quinoa)
Authors: Becker Verena I. , Goessling Johannes W. , Duarte Bernardo , Caçador Isabel , Liu Fulai , Rosenqvist Eva , Jacobsen Sven-Erik
Published: May 2017

The halophytic crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is adapted to soil salinity and cold climate, but recent investigations have shown that quinoa can be grown in significantly warmer latitudes, i.e. the Mediterranean region, where high temperature and soil salinity can occur in combination. In this greenhouse study, effects of saltwater irrigation and high temperature on growth and development of the Bolivian cultivar ‘Achachino’ were determined. Development was slightly delayed in response to saltwater treatment, but significantly faster at high temperature. Biomass and seed yield decreased in response to salt, but not to high temperature. Plants increased their number of stomata in response to salt stress, but reduced its size on both sides of the leaf, whereas high temperature treatment significantly increased the stomata size on the abaxial leaf surface. When salt and high temperature was combined, the size of stomata was reduced only on the abaxial side of the leaf, and the number of epidermal bladder cells significantly increased on the abaxial leaf surface, resulting in preservation of photosynthetic quantum yields. We hypothesise that this morphological plasticity improves the partition of water and CO2 resulting in maintenance of photosynthesis in quinoa under adverse environmental conditions. We present a GLM-model that predicts yield parameters of quinoa grown in regions affected by soil salinity, high temperature and the factors combined.
Impact of backbone fluorination on nanoscale morphology and excitonic coupling in polythiophenes
Authors: Hu Zhongjian , Haws Ryan T. , Fei Zhuping , Boufflet Pierre , Heeney Martin , Rossky Peter J. , Vanden Bout David A.
Published: May 2017

Significance

Conjugated polymers (CPs) are some of the most attractive organic semiconductors for flexible optoelectronic device applications. The structural and optoelectronic properties of CPs are dependent on both the conformation of individual polymer chains and interactions between chains. Chemists have sought to control these interactions by creating more planar polymers that can pack tightly together and share strong electronic interactions. Single-molecule spectroscopy (SMS) studies of a fluorinated CP show that backbone fluorination does, in fact, lead to more planar polymer chains and highly ordered aggregates. Interestingly though, the electronic interactions are found to extend along individual chains rather than between chains. The studies demonstrate how SMS can test hypotheses about structure–property relationships in large molecular systems.
La alternancia de código como variable estratégica de decisiones económicas en la industria musical
Authors: Jiménez Palmero Diego , Jiménez Palmero Alfredo
Published: May 2017

En este trabajo se analiza el impacto de la alternancia de código o code-switching en el éxito musical de las canciones recientemente lanzadas al mercado. Tras efectuar una revisión de la literatura sobre el bilingüismo en general y la alternancia de código en particular, se analiza una muestra de 284 canciones a través de un análisis de corpus así como de un enfoque empírico y cuantitativo basado en la regresión binomial negativa y la minimocuadrática. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el empleo de la alternancia de código tiene un impacto positivo y significativo sobre el éxito de la canción medido a través de diversos indicadores, lo que verifica y refuerza la necesidad de tener en consideración las importantes repercusiones, en este caso de naturaleza socioeconómica, que la lingüística ejerce en el mundo actual.
Estudio longitudinal del desarrollo del acento en español como primera lengua
Authors: Polo Nuria
Published: May 2017

El presente trabajo propone un análisis de la adquisición del acento basado en el desarrollo de la estructura prosódica del español durante los primeros meses del desarrollo lingüístico. Hay muy poca investigación sobre la adquisición del acento y el desarrollo de la estructura prosódica en esta lengua. Un repaso de la bibliografía sobre adquisición muestra dos hipótesis de trabajo: un sesgo hacia el troqueo, que interpreta que las primeras emisiones infantiles se realizan bajo una forma trocaica por defecto, y una hipótesis neutra, determinada por la estructura correspondiente de la lengua meta. Dado que no hay consenso sobre la adquisición del acento en español, se presenta este trabajo con el propósito de profundizar en el desarrollo del acento en español como primera lengua. Para ello se han analizado las producciones de dos niños monolingües hablantes de español (desde 1;7 a 2;3 años), más los datos adicionales de otro niño a 1;10 años. El estudio no ha proporcionado datos convincentes para apoyar la hipótesis trocaica en el desarrollo del acento en español; sin embargo, los niños que adquieren español dominan los patrones acentuales de esta lengua desde el principio de sus emisiones.
Effects of Short–Term Medical Mission Trips to Chiapas, Mexico, on the Religiosity of the Missionaries
Authors: Meidl Katherine A. , Meidl Joseph M. , Meidl Laura R. , Meidl Erik J.
Published: May 2017

This study evaluates the effects that short-term, foreign, Catholic medical mission trips had on the religiosity of the United States-based participants. The subjects of this study participated in Catholic medical missions to Chiapas State, Mexico, in 2014 and 2015. Twenty-two of forty-two participants responded to a survey to assess for any changes in their religiosity and associated attitudes and behaviors. The results revealed that participation in the medical mission was associated with a significant increase in non-organizational religious activity, intrinsic religiosity, concern for health disparities and the burden of illness in the developing world, the promotion of further missions, the provision of service and/or monetary aid to the poor in the missionary's local community, and an increased likelihood to discuss the Christian faith in conversations with others. There was no statistically significant association with organizational religious activity or local participation in evangelization activities.

This article reports on the changes seen in the religious attitudes and charitable works performed following participation in a short-term medical mission. After serving on a mission trip to Mexico, we found that United States-based missionaries had an increase in their private religious activities, felt closer to God, were more likely to help the poor in their own neighborhoods, and were more likely to discuss their Christian faith than prior to the mission trip. We discuss possible reasons for these changes.
Structural and optical properties of anodic orthorhombic zirconia films
Authors: Choudhary R. K. , Mishra P. , Biswas A. , Debnath A. K. , Kain V.
Published: May 2017

Twenty to eighty nanometre thick zirconia (ZrO2) films were formed by anodisation of zirconium metal in 10% oxalic acid in the potential range of 10–30 V. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction measurement revealed the formation of orthorhombic ZrO2. X-ray photo electron spectroscopy confirmed the formation of nearly stoichiometric ZrO2 at 20 V. Ellipsometric measurement across the visible spectral band derived the value of refractive index of ZrO2 films in the range of 2.02–2.2.
In situ synthesised WC reinforced nickel coating by laser cladding
Authors: Shu Da , Li Zhuguo , Yao Chengwu , Li Dayong , Dai Zhenbang
Published: May 2017

Using tungsten, carbon, and nickel powder as raw materials, an in situ synthesised WC reinforced nickel matrix (marked as IWC) coating was fabricated on a mild steel by laser cladding. The experimental results showed that a large number of WC particles were in situ synthesised and homogeneously distributed in the coating with free of pores and cracks. Compared with the steel substrate, an improvement of micro-hardness value (2.6 times) was observed for the IWC coating. Sliding wear test showed that the IWC coating has stable friction coefficient, and possesses higher anti-wear property under 300 N than ex situ WC reinforced coating.
Two alternate strategies for innate immunity to Epstein-Barr virus: One using NK cells and the other NK cells and γδ T cells
Authors: Djaoud Zakia , Guethlein Lisbeth A. , Horowitz Amir , Azzi Tarik , Nemat-Gorgani Neda , Olive Daniel , Nadal David , Norman Paul J. , Münz Christian , Parham Peter
Published: May 2017

Most humans become infected with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), which then persists for life. Infrequently, EBV infection causes infectious mononucleosis (IM) or Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Type I EBV infection, particularly type I BL, stimulates strong responses of innate immune cells. Humans respond to EBV in two alternative ways. Of 24 individuals studied, 13 made strong NK and γδ T cell responses, whereas 11 made feeble γδ T cell responses but stronger NK cell responses. The difference does not correlate with sex, HLA type, or previous exposure to EBV or cytomegalovirus. Cohorts of EBV+ children and pediatric IM patients include both group 1 individuals, with high numbers of γδ T cells, and group 2 individuals, with low numbers. The even balance of groups 1 and 2 in the human population points to both forms of innate immune response to EBV having benefit for human survival. Correlating these distinctive responses with the progress of EBV infection might facilitate the management of EBV-mediated disease.
Taking Down Barcelona in Kathmandu: Linguistic Futures in a Student Movement
Authors: Weinberg Miranda
Published: May 2017

In June 2012, student activists in Nepal declared a campaign against private, for-profit colleges with foreign names, simultaneously decrying the schools’ names and their exorbitant tuition fees. During the campaign, members of multiple student unions vandalized signboards, buildings, computers, and buses belonging to various colleges and filed a court case demanding stricter management of private schools. These activists claimed control of the linguistic landscape of Kathmandu, objecting not to English in the classroom but to the material emblems of branded educational institutions. This article explores the semiotic implications of this movement through analysis of newspaper coverage of the protests. The school names and talk about appropriate names delineate two competing cultural chronotopes that students employed to promote a particular vision of proper Nepali behavior and to contest what they depicted as inappropriate commodification of higher education.
Smooth compactness of 𝑓-minimal hypersurfaces with bounded 𝑓-index
Authors: Barbosa Ezequiel , Sharp Ben , Wei Yong
Published: May 2017

Let

(

M

n
+
1

,
g
,

e

−
f

d
μ
)

(M^{n+1},g,e^{-f}d\mu )

be a complete smooth metric measure space with

2
≤
n
≤
6

2\leq n\leq 6

and Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature bounded below by a positive constant. We prove a smooth compactness theorem for the space of complete embedded

f
f

-minimal hypersurfaces in

M
M

with uniform upper bounds on

f
f

-index and weighted volume. As a corollary, we obtain a smooth compactness theorem for the space of embedded self-shrinkers in

R

n
+
1

\mathbb {R}^{n+1}

with

2
≤
n
≤
6

2\leq n\leq 6

. We also prove some estimates on the

f
f

-index of

f
f

-minimal hypersurfaces.
The degree of a tropical basis
Authors: Joswig Michael , Schröter Benjamin
Published: May 2017

We give an explicit upper bound for the degree of a tropical basis of a homogeneous polynomial ideal. As an application

f
f

-vectors of tropical varieties are discussed. Various examples illustrate differences between Gröbner and tropical bases.
The link between autophagy and secretion: a story of multitasking proteins
Authors: Farhan Hesso , Kundu Mondira , Ferro-Novick Susan
Published: May 2017

The secretory and autophagy pathways can be thought of as the biosynthetic (i.e., anabolic) and degradative (i.e., catabolic) branches of the endomembrane system. In analogy to anabolic and catabolic pathways in metabolism, there is mounting evidence that the secretory and autophagy pathways are intimately linked and that certain regulatory elements are shared between them. Here we highlight the parallels and points of intersection between these two evolutionarily highly conserved and fundamental endomembrane systems. The intersection of these pathways may play an important role in remodeling membranes during cellular stress.
Reliability of algorithmic somatic copy number alteration detection from targeted capture data
Authors: Rieber Nora , Bohnert Regina , Ziehm Ulrike , Jansen Gunther
Published: May 2017

Motivation

Whole exome and gene panel sequencing are increasingly used for oncological diagnostics. To investigate the accuracy of SCNA detection algorithms on simulated and clinical tumor samples, the precision and sensitivity of four SCNA callers were measured using 50 simulated whole exome and 50 simulated targeted gene panel datasets, and using 119 TCGA tumor samples for which SNP array data were available.

Results

On synthetic exome and panel data, VarScan2 mostly called false positives, whereas Control-FREEC was precise (>90% correct calls) at the cost of low sensitivity (<40% detected). ONCOCNV was slightly less precise on gene panel data, with similarly low sensitivity. This could be explained by low sensitivity for amplifications and high precision for deletions. Surprisingly, these results were not strongly affected by moderate tumor impurities; only contaminations with more than 60% non-cancerous cells resulted in strongly declining precision and sensitivity. On the 119 clinical samples, both Control-FREEC and CNVkit called 71.8% and 94%, respectively, of the SCNAs found by the SNP arrays, but with a considerable amount of false positives (precision 29% and 4.9%).

Discussion

Whole exome and targeted gene panel methods by design limit the precision of SCNA callers, making them prone to false positives. SCNA calls cannot easily be integrated in clinical pipelines that use data from targeted capture-based sequencing. If used at all, they need to be cross-validated using orthogonal methods.

Availability and implementation

Scripts are provided as supplementary information.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Accounting for tumor purity improves cancer subtype classification from DNA methylation data
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Feng Hao , Wu Hao , Zheng Xiaoqi
Published: May 2017

Motivation: Tumor sample classification has long been an important task in cancer research. Classifying tumors into different subtypes greatly benefits therapeutic development and facilitates application of precision medicine on patients. In practice, solid tumor tissue samples obtained from clinical settings are always mixtures of cancer and normal cells. Thus, the data obtained from these samples are mixed signals. The ‘tumor purity’, or the percentage of cancer cells in cancer tissue sample, will bias the clustering results if not properly accounted for.

Results: In this article, we developed a model-based clustering method and an R function which uses DNA methylation microarray data to infer tumor subtypes with the consideration of tumor purity. Simulation studies and the analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas data demonstrate improved results compared with existing methods.

Availability and implementation: InfiniumClust is part of R package InfiniumPurify, which is freely available from CRAN (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/InfiniumPurify/index.html).

Contact:  hao.wu@emory.edu or xqzheng@shnu.edu.cn

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact process with exogenous infection and the scaled SIS process
Authors: Zhang June , Moura José M.F. , Zhang June
Published: May 2017

Propagation of contagion in networks depends on the graph topology. This article is concerned with studying the time-asymptotic behaviour of the extended contact processes on static, undirected, finite-size networks. This is a contact process with nonzero exogenous infection rate (also known as the $\epsilon$-susceptible-infected-susceptible model). The only known analytical characterization of the equilibrium distribution of this process is for complete networks. For large networks with arbitrary topology, it is infeasible to numerically solve for the equilibrium distribution since it requires solving the eigenvalue-eigenvector problem of a matrix that is exponential in $N$, the size of the network. We derive a condition on the infection rates under which, depending on the degree distribution of the network, the equilibrium distribution of extended contact processes on arbitrary, finite-size networks is well approximated by a closed-form formulation. We confirm the goodness of the approximation with small networks answering inference questions like the distribution of the percentage of infected individuals and the most-probable equilibrium configuration. We then use the approximation to analyse the equilibrium distribution of the extended contact process on the 4941-node US Western power grid.