bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interannuals variations in diversity of foliar mycoendophytes of Pistacia atlantica from dayate Aiat (Laghouat, Algeria)
Authors: Zareb A. , Smail-Saadoun N.
Published: May 2023

Endophytic fungi live inside plant tissues and increase their resistance to abiotic and biotic factors. Our work is concerned with interannual variations of mycoendophyte diversity of leaves of Pistacia atlantica Desf. of dayate Aiat, in the region of Laghouat (Algeria) and this for the spring of 2013 and 2016. The morphological identification revealed the presence of 26 fungal genera. The difference in diversity is very significant between the two years of sampling, according to calculated Shannon Weaver indices. Based on principal component analysis, the distribution of these leaf microorganisms is influenced by the climatic conditions of the study area. Aspergillus and Epicoccum are dominant for 2013. In 2016, Aspergillus and Cladosporium dominate. The persistence of Aspergillus gives it an important role in the fight against the stress suffered by the leaf of Pistacia atlantica.
Antagonism of isolates of Trichoderma spp. at egard of Botrytis cinerea pers. agent of gray rot of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) under greenhouse
Authors: Saddek D. , Messgo-Moumene S. , Chemat-Djenni Z. , Bendifallah L. , Bencheikh K.
Published: May 2023

The study of the antagonistic activity of eleven isolates of Trichoderma spp., against four isolates of Botrytis cinerea, collected from diseased tomato plants cultivated in greenhouses located on the Algiers coast and in the north-east of Sahara. The in vitro antagonism was compared to the fungicidal activity of "PROLEX", widely used by farmers against this phytopathogen in Algeria. The results revealed a complete inhibition of sporulation, germination, production and germination of sclerotia as well as morphological changes in vitro. A significant reduction on their pathogenicity and a strong inhibition of their sporulation were recorded in vivo. In conclusion, the Trichoderma spp. antagonists in particular, the "T4, T11, T8 and T10" isolates are therefore promising for the biocontrol of grey mould of tomato.
Hydrogeochemical processes and suitability assessment of surface water in the Grouz Dam Basin, northeast Algeria
Authors: Lalaoui M. , Allia Z. , Chebbah M.
Published: May 2023

Surface water is the principal source of water for domestic use and agricultural irrigation in Grouz Dam Basin and adjacent regions. This research aims to evaluate hydrochemical characteristics and suitability for domestic and agricultural irrigation purposes of the Grouz Dam Basin surface waters. The surface waters were categorized as alkaline hard freshwater and are classified into Na-Cl and mixed water types. The values of measured parameters are below the maximum allowable limits for drinking except for Na+, NO32- and turbidity.  Dissolution and anthropogenic activity are the dominant hydrogeochemical processes controlled surface water chemistry. Overall, it was found that surface waters are unsuitable for drinking by cons they are suitable for irrigation. The results of this study will be useful in regional surface water management and protection.
Numerical approximation of Black Scholes stochastic differential equation using Euler-Maruyama and Milstein methods
Authors: Nwachukwu O. O.
Published: May 2023

This paper will introduce the Ito’s lemma used in the stochastic calculus to obtain the Ito-Taylor expansion of a stochastic differential equations. The Euler-Maruyama and Milstein’s methods of solving stochastic differential equations will be discussed and derived. We will apply these two numerical methods to the Black-Scholes model to obtain the values of a European call option of a stock at discretized time intervals. We will use a computer simulation to approximate while using the Ito’s formula to obtain the exact solution. The numerical approximations to the exact solution to infer on the effectiveness of the two methods.
The effect of storage on the nutritional value of Adansonia digitata L. leaves
Authors: Edogbanya P. R. O. , Abah G. , Yaro C. A. , Obaje J. O.
Published: May 2023

Adansonia digitata L. leaves are used as vegetables in some parts of Africa. However, the leaves are not available all-year-round, so they are usually harvested, dried, and stored. In this research, the effect of storage on some nutritional components of Adansonia digitata leaves was studied. Proximate constituents, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals of leaves were determined using appropriate methods at week 0 (immediately after preparation of sample) and week 4 (after storage). Student’s T-test was used to compare the means of the various parameters measured at week 0 and week 4. The results revealed that powdered dried Adansonia digitata leaves was still viable as a good source of nutrients after four weeks of storage and some of its nutritional constituents were even improved.
Dynamics of wheat root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under contrasting soil tillage systems and its impact on grain yield
Authors: Hadj Youcef Taibi H. , Smail-Saadoun N. , Djemel A.
Published: May 2023

In this work, we investigated the effect of the soil tillage farming system on the variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of a local durum wheat variety, conducted during five years of experimental trial in a semi-arid region of eastern Algeria. No tillage farming system improved the AMF symbiotic activity from the fourth year of testing with the appearance of high root percentage of arbuscules at tillering and grain filling stage. Compared to that, the conventional tillage was marked by the observation of a high root percentage of vesicles especially at grain filling. Despite inter-annual fluctuations, the no tillage farming system improved the average yield of the five trial years by 20%. Multiple regressions analyses using the stepwise selection method were made to formulate an equation linking grain yield and the AMF symbiotic components specific to each tillage farming system.
Integration of the historic urban structures, a syntactic approach case of the medina of Bou-Saada in Algeria
Authors: Belouadah N. , Mazouz S.
Published: May 2023

The traditional built environment of the medina of Bou-Saada in Algeria is undergoing harmful attacks, due to an accelerated urban dynamic. The latter having impacts on the life of society. In this study, we questioned ourselves on the preservation of this historic center, and its integration into the urban dynamics of the city, through a syntactic study of urban spaces. The results found highlighted the types of urban spaces that exist in the medina of Bou-Saada, each one undergoes an aspect of degradation, either by the reconversion of several traditional dwellings, total or partial renovation, or, a state of dilapidation. We have found that the characterization of the urban structure is essential to carry out any intervention at the level of the historic centers, in order to assign more precise values to the places, according to the appropriate sociocultural and economic requirements.
Numerical study and performance of a dew point evaporative cooler for buildings in Constantine, Algeria
Authors: Abada D. , Rouag-Saffidine D. , Maalouf C. , Polidori G. , Sotehi O.
Published: May 2023

Due to the ever-growing demand for air-conditioning to bring the indoor air temperature to a comfortable level regardless of the excessive electricity consumption, research is more oriented towards new techniques enabling more energy savings and less adverse environmental impacts. Dew point evaporative cooling systems hold among the most promising because of their ability to reduce the outside air temperature below its wet bulb level while keeping the absolute humidity constant.

The current paper aims to report an investigation, which tackles the cooling capacity of the system under the Algerian Climate. Constantine city (Algeria) climatic data are retained for the modelling and designing of the system in question. The study involves a variation of its length and air return rate interaction with its efficiency and air temperature supply.
Contribution to the study of the semi theoretical approach of the hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel of compound section with rough major bed
Authors: Lacheheb S. , Ghomri A. , Kateb S.
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is interested in the semi-theoretical analysis of the hydraulic jump evolving in a rectangular straight compound channel with rough major bed. A functional relationship, non-dimensional terms, linking together the different characteristics of the projection, is obtained.
Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) – Part III: An integrative taxonomic revision
Authors: Heath Alan
Published: May 2023

A taxonomic revision of Chrysoritis butterflies based on morphological, ecological and distributional data cross validated with molecular phylogenetic analyses by Quek et al. (2022) is presented. The number of Chrysoritis species is raised from 43 to 49, of which 37 (previously 28) are in the thysbe clade. The taxonomic changes are summarised as follows: Synonymised and reduced to subspecific status: C. chrysaor natalensis stat. nov. (van Son); C. lyncurium lycegenes stat. nov. (Trimen 1874) and C. chrysaor midas stat. nov. (Pennington). Reassigned subspecies: C. zwartbergae rubrescens stat. nov. Heath & Pringle. Elevated to specific status: C. whitei stat. rev. (Dickson); C. wykehami stat. rev. (Dickson); C. mithras stat. rev. (Pringle); C. aridimontis stat. nov. Heath & Pringle; C. amatola stat. nov. (Dickson & McMaster), C. stepheni stat. rev. (Dickson); C. williami stat. rev. Heath and C. lysander stat. rev. (Pennington) from the Kamiesberg area; C. zwartbergae stat. nov (Dickson). The former C. thysbe subspecies osbecki reverts to form, f. osbecki stat. rev. The binomial name pan lysander is no longer in use, being superseded by the above changes. An updated list of larval host plants and host ants for Chrysoritis is provided, as well as the conservation status of each species.
Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)
Authors: Williams Mark C. , Henning Graham A.
Published: May 2023

The systematic and taxonomic history of the tribe Acraeini is reviewed. Using a robust dated molecular phylogeny published in 2021, and combining this with morphological and ecological data-sets, we divided the clearly paraphyletic genus Acraea (sensu lato) into five genera. We raised the subgenera Rubraea Henning, 1992, Stephenia Henning, 1992 to genera and reinstate Bematistes Hemming, 1935 and Telchinia Hübner, [1819] as valid genera. The genus Tildia gen. nov. is erected for a monophyletic clade of Acraea (sensu lato), and we treat the Neotropical Actinote and the Afrotropical Telchinia as separate genera. Because of the relatively low sampling of ‘Telchinia’ species in the dated molecular phylogeny we suggest that the possibly paraphyletic Telchinia be further investigated using more complete sampling. We furthermore present an updated alpha taxonomy for the six Afrotropical genera in the tribe – Acraea, Rubraea stat. nov, Stephenia stat. nov, Tildia gen. nov., Bematistes stat. rev. and Telchinia stat. rev. The current alpha taxonomy of the New World genus Actinote and the Old World genus Cethosia is given.
An Investigation of Specific Learning Disability Content Knowledge Competencies of Teachers In Different Branches
Authors: Sivrikaya Tuğba , Karabulut Havva Aysun , Uçar Ahmet Serhat
Published: May 2023

In general, students with specific learning disabilities may have retardation in one or more of reading and comprehension, spelling, mathematics and language development compared to their peers. Children with specific learning disabilities constitute an important part of students with special needs. This study aims to investigate the content knowledge competencies of teachers in different branches of specific learning disabilities. A total of 133 teachers, 96 females and 37 males, working in various provinces of Türkiye participated in the study. In the study, which was designed with a single survey model, data were collected with the Teacher Competency Scale for Specific Learning Disabilities. As a result, it was determined that teachers in different branches had a moderate level of specific learning disability content knowledge. It was determined that the participants' content knowledge competencies did not differ according to gender, age, graduated faculty, branch, education level, years of experience, institution of employment, taking a course on specific learning disabilities at undergraduate or graduate level, and participating in in-service training on specific learning disabilities before. Suggestions were made for practice and further research.
Relationship Between Bitcoin and Islamic Stock Indices During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine Crisis
Authors: JUSOH Hashim , EL ALAOUI AbdelKader Ouatik , DCHIECHE Amina , ISMAIL Ahmad Faizol , ALI Rosalan
Published: May 2023

We analyze the relationship between Bitcoin and major regional Islamic stock indices during two major events: COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine war. The multi-horizon analysis provide evidence of low correlation between Bitcoin’s inter-temporal returns and Islamic indices returns during periods before extreme events. However, there is limited potential for diversification in the long run as their correlations increase significantly. During shocks, Bitcoin cannot be a safe haven for Islamic markets.
Personal characteristics of students at high risk of developing addiction to computer games
Authors: Mels A. A. , Duplyakin Ye. B.
Published: May 2023

The article describes the problem of the influence of addiction to computer games on students' personal qualities. Much attention is paid to the theoretical and experimental analysis of foreign and domestic research on this issue. In accordance with the purpose of the article, data on the personality characteristics of students addicted to computer games are given. The mechanisms and factors of addiction are considered in detail.
Empirical Study of the emotional intelligence formation of preschool children
Authors: Nogaeva A. K. , Sangilbayev O. S.
Published: May 2023

The article presents an empirical study of the emotional intelligence formation of preschool children. Currently, there are not many studies devoted to the emotional intelligence of preschooler children. Researchers often limit themselves only to determining the presence of this concept of emotional intelligence, which clearly does not reflect its structural components. It is also noted that some researchers focus on studying the features of the emotional sphere in preschool children, and some study the development of understanding emotions in preschool children. The most interesting and significant studies in the emotional sphere in preschool children are considered. We made conclusions on the level of development of emotional intelligence of preschoolers using the following methods: questionnaire for educators, projective methods of M. A. Nguyen: "completion: the world of things - the world of people - the world of emotions", "three wishes", "what - why - how". With the help of these techniques, we determined the indicators of emotions of preschool children. Having organized educational classes, we found that it is possible to see the positive dynamics of the emotional intelligence of preschool children.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENCUCI KOPI MENGGUNAKAN TUAS DENGAN SISTEM TURBULENSI 50 Kg/Jam
Authors: Simbolon Ramotan Pandaraman , Situmorang Timbul Yosua Acer , Sebayang Sawin , Tarigan Kristian
Published: May 2023

Sebagaimana telah diketahui bahwa yang disebut dengan perancangan adalah kegiatan awal dari suatu rangkaian dalam proses pembuatan produk. sementara untuk merealisasikan suatu rancangan selalu diawali dengan merencanakan daya penggerak, melakukan perencanaan terhadap komponen-kompone yang digunakan, menentukan ukuran dan kekuatan komponen  yang dipakai dan lain-lain yang dianggap penting dalam perencanaan mesin . Adanya penemuan baru dibidang teknologi adalah salah satu bukti bahwa kebutuhan umat manusia semakin bertambah dari waktu ke waktu disamping untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia,munculnya penemuan baru yang dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan tenaga dan waktu manusia yang terbatas seperti halnya dalam pencucian biji kopiyang masih dilakukan dengan cara manual dan memutuhkan banyak tenaga dan waktu yang lama sehingga tidak efisien . Maka dilakukan suatu analisis perancangan mesin pencuci biji kopi yang bertujuan meningkatkan produktivitas pencucian biji kopi. pada perancangan ini dikhususkan pada perhitungan gaya, poros, pasak, puli, sabuk, bantalan, dan perhitungan pegas. Daya yang dibutuhkan pada perancangan ini
Covıd-19 Salgını Sürecinde Ev İçi Spor Haberlerine Yönelik Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: KAYA Ahmet Yalçın , ATA Fırat
Published: May 2023

Fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyolojik faydaları bulunan spor sayesinde insanlar, fiziksel sağlıklarını korumakta, psikolojik olarak kendilerini iyi hissetmekte ve toplumsal alan içerisinde sosyalleşebilmektedir. Tarihsel açıdan oldukça köklü bir geçmişi bulunan sporun ana unsuru oyundur. Sporun ilk örnekleri arasında “avcılık, at binme ve kılıç oyunu” gibi faaliyetler sıralanabilir. Günümüzde futbol, basketbol, voleybol, atletizm ve benzeri dallarıyla ön plana çıkan spor, Covid-19 Salgını sebebiyle mekânsal açıdan bir sınırlama yaşamıştır. Dünya genelinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de etkin olan ve birçok toplumsal alanı etkileyen Covid-19 Salgını, spor faaliyetlerinin ertelenmesine ve/veya sınırlandırılmasına neden olmuştur. İnsanlar, salgın sürecinde genel olarak ev içerisinde yaşamış ve spor faaliyetleri kamusal alandan ev içerisine transfer olmuştur. İnternet gazeteleri (hürriyet.com.tr, milliyet.com.tr, sözcü.com.tr) ve internet haber sitelerindeki (ensonhaber.com, mynet.com, haberler.com) “ev içi spor” haberlerini konu edinen bu çalışmada içerik çözümlemesi kullanılarak 117 haber metni analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Covid-19 Salgını sürecinde “dans ve yoga” gibi biçimsel ev içi egzersizleri kadar “bulaşık yıkama ve bahçe işleri yapma” gibi biçimsel olmayan egzersizler de ön plana çıkmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre, ev içi egzersizler spordan sonra en çok siyaset ve magazinle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ev içi spor egzersizleri, en çok resmi kurumlar/kuruluşlar tarafından servis edilmiştir. Belirtilenlere ek olarak ev içi spor egzersizleriyle ilgili bilgi veren kaynakların unvan bilgilerine haber metinlerinde genel olarak yer verilmediği de çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bir diğer bulgu olmuştur.
Cytotoxic Activity of Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna Methanolic Extract Against Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Husni Amir , Gazali Mohamad , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Syafitri Rina , Matin Abdul , Zuriat Zuriat
Published: May 2023

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that attacks the lungs generated by carcinogenic free radicals such as cigarette smoke. Seaweed contains bioactive compounds that have the potential to reduce cancer-causing free radicals. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content and cytotoxic activity of Halimeda tuna seaweed extract against lung cancer cells (A549). The H. tuna sample was macerated using methanol for 24 h. Cytotoxic test of H. tuna crude extract used the MTT test against A549. The crude extract was phytochemically tested and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the H. tuna crude extract had cytotoxic activity against A549 with an IC50 value of 2771 µg/mL. The phytochemical test showed that H. tuna crude extract contained flavonoids and steroids. showed the presence of fatty acid compounds including palmitic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid and stearic acid. Based on the results can be concluded that H. tuna extract had cytotoxic activity against A549 with low cytotoxicity to be used as a chemo-preventive agent.
Neonatal hearing screening program and challenges faced by the developing country: a tertiary care hospital experience
Authors: Maheen Pyarali  , Saeed Akhtar  , Maira Adeel  , Shabbir Ahmed Mallick  , Saher Naseeb Uneeb  , Afshan Aslam
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To screen new-borns to diagnose any hearing impairment early.
Method: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from November 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, and new-borns of either gender aged >12h born via spontaneous vaginal delivery, induced labour, and Caesarean section. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect detailed case history, including gestational age, duration of labour, and other prenatal, natal, and postnatal risk factors. Otoacoustic emission test was performed, and infants referred twice were scheduled for complete diagnostic evaluation and brainstem evoked response audiometry. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 267 neonates, 249(93.3%) passed the first screening. Of the remaining 18(6.7%) neonates, 8(44.4%) passed the second screening, while 10(55.5%) were asked to come for a follow-up after three weeks. Of them, 3(30%) returned for check-up, while 7(70%) did not show up.
Conclusion: Neonatal risk factors associated with hearing loss need to be identified, and a comprehensive hearing screening programme is required for neonates.
Key Words: Hearing, Otoacoustic emission, High risk, Neonatal screening.
A note on the development of Catch Control Laws for multi-species subsistence whaling
Authors: Witting Lars
Published: May 2023

Past work on Aboriginal Whaling Management Procedures (AWMPs) has focused on single-species approaches. This paper considers the issue of multi-species approaches by superimposing multi-species Catch Control Laws (CCLs) on top of underlying single-species models. Multi-species CCLs can fulfill larger ‘need’ than purely single-species approaches and can optimise the recovery rates of multiple species when need is satisfied. Four examples of multi-species CCLs are described to instigate discussion. The algorithms are based on the principles of species ranking, even catch, even exploitation and even recovery, respectively. These allocation principles are discussed in relation to management objectives for aboriginal subsistence whaling.
History of whaling in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Reeves Randall R. , Khan Jalaludin A. , Olsen Randi R. , Swartz Steven L. , Smith Tim D.
Published: May 2023

Shore whaling for humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Trinidad represents a largely overlooked aspect of North Atlantic whaling history. Literature and archival sources were searched for information on the chronology, nature and extent of this whaling. The first shore station began operations in about 1826 on one of the islands in the Dragon’s Mouth, the strait connecting the southern Caribbean Sea with the Gulf of Paria. At least four stations were active in this area at one time or another and the maximum documented one-year catch was about 35 humpbacks. Whaling effort had begun to decline by the 1850s and was largely ended by the 1880s. Oil for domestic consumption as well as export was the main product. Removals by the shore whalers were in addition to those by American pelagic whalers who occasionally called at Port-of-Spain and whaled in the vicinity of Trinidad and along the Spanish Main. No evidence was found of organised shore whaling in Tobago.
A note on humpback whales off the coast of Ecuador during the 1997 ‘El Niño’ event
Authors: Felix Fernando , Haase Ben
Published: May 2023

The southeastern Pacific humpback whale stock was studied for seven years (1991-1997) on the central coast of Ecuador (1°25’S, 79°55’W) during the breeding season (June-September). Boat trips were conducted from two different sites, Puerto López and Puerto Cayo, following well-defined routes offshore. In 1997, a strong El Niño affected the eastern Pacific area. In order to try and investigate possible climate-induced shifts, results obtained from 1996, a ‘normal’ year, were compared with those obtained in 1997, when water temperature was 4°C above its historical mean. Four factors were considered: whale encounter rate; distribution; group structure; and crude birth rate. The whale encounter rate decreased in 1997 for both sites: 11.2% for Puerto López and 8.7% for Puerto Cayo, although the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Group distribution in relation to water depth was not significantly different (p > 0.05), nor were the mean distances from sighting sites to port (p > 0.05). Group size was equal in both years for Puerto López, but in Puerto Cayo it was larger in 1997, although not significantly (p > 0.05). Group composition was not significantly different (p > 0.05). No difference in birth rate was found in Puerto López. Results for Puerto Cayo are difficult to interpret. No changes in the investigated parameters were found in the study area during El Niño 1997. Since humpback whales do not feed in tropical waters, they may not be as vulnerable to El Niño events as other marine mammals.
Sloughed skin: a method for the systematic collection of tissue samples from Baja California blue whales
Authors: Gendron Diane , Mesnick Sarah L.
Published: May 2023

The frequency of occurrence of naturally sloughed skin was investigated to verify the feasibility of this method to study blue whale genetics off Baja California. Sloughed skin was recorded in 97% of 337 surfacing intervals with blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus, along the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was found in size of pieces of skin sloughed from whales in different habitats, sea surface temperatures or whether they were alone or in pairs. Samples were recoverable independent of gender and age and could be linked to individuals. While yield of extracted DNA was low (0-0.15mg/mg tissue), gender determination was successful in 55% of the samples assayed.
A note on common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) diets in the Norwegian Sea and the North Sea
Authors: Olsen Erik , Holst Jens Christian
Published: May 2023

Visual observations and quantitative samples of forestomach contents were made of minke whales caught in the Norwegian Sea (15 visual observations in 1999, 8 in 2000 and 1 stomach sample) and North Sea (15 visual observations and 7 stomach samples, all from 1999). Prey species were identified, and from the forestomach samples, each prey’s relative contribution by weight to the diet was calculated. In the Norwegian Sea, the diet was dominated by Norwegian spring-spawning herring (100%). This was consistent with the large and dominant abundance of herring in the area. Observations and forestomach samples from the North Sea indicated a more varied diet, with sandeel (Ammodytes spp.) contributing 86.7% to the diet by weight, followed by mackerel (9.3%), whiting (2.4%), herring (1.1%) and Norway pout (0.5%). Haddock was observed in one stomach, but was not found in any of the samples. Sandeel occurred in all observed and four of the sampled stomachs. The domination of pelagic species in the diet strongly indicates pelagic feeding behaviour in both areas.
Python TCP/IP libraries: A Review
Authors: Hassan Ghassan Muslim , Hussien Nadia Mahmood , Mohialden Yasmin Makki
Published: May 2023

The Internet's core is TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It connects network devices on the internet via communication protocols. Python has several TCP/IP packages due to its popularity and flexibility. This paper describes the most popular Python libraries for TCP/IP protocol implementation, including socket, asyncio, Twisted, and Scapy. To help developers choose a library, we compare its benefits, cons, and areas of use, including criteria other than speed and memory utilization. When making web apps, choose wisely.
MAINSTREAM ECONÔMICO
Authors: Moreira Brito Bastos Remo , Girão Santiago Eduardo
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em examinar, à luz da Sociologia Econômica, a persistente hegemonia midiática, acadêmica e cultural do paradigma neoclássico da ciência econômica, em detrimento da pluralidade de concepções teóricas e metodológicas que poderiam fazer parte do rol de opções a serem analisadas e avaliadas pelas sociedades contemporâneas com vistas a enfrentar seus problemas sociais, econômicos e ambientais. No que respeita à metodologia, adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, fazendo-se uso de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A título de conclusão, aferiu-se que a economia neoclássica, com a sua modelagem econométrica, tem servido preferencialmente para fundamentar o receituário neoliberal que rege as políticas econômicas da maioria dos países, razão pela qual é perceptível a insatisfação crescente em universidades, institutos de pesquisas e até em instituições internacionais de desenvolvimento em relação ao credo ortodoxo e ao estéril formalismo  neoclássico.
Digitale Partizipation am Fluss: EGLV setzen auf Mängelmelder
Authors: Pfeffer Christin
Published: May 2023

Wer kennt sie nicht, die unzulässigen und mitunter gefährlichen Hinterlassenschaften in Wäldern bzw. an Gewässern, Vandalismus oder die Folgen von Rohrbrüchen sowie Starkregen? Dank der Mängelmelder-App sind diese Ereignisse schneller in den Griff zu bekommen.
Digitalisierung als Part der Mission „Fachkräftesicherung“
Authors: Schwen Rolf , Rzodeczko David
Published: May 2023

Das Thema Fachkräftemangel ist in aller Munde. Wenn kommunale Organisationen kaum noch Mitarbeitende finden, die erforderliche Arbeiten erledigen können, ist die Funktionsfähigkeit der kritischen Infrastruktur in Gefahr. Doch was macht den Mangel aus? Wie können zukünftig Aufgaben, Normen und Gesetze erfüllt werden? Welche Maßnahmen helfen?
Synthesis of Z-scheme heterostructure FeWO4/rGO/g-C3N4 as a visible-light photocatalyst for removal of organic pollutant
Authors: Tran Dang Do  , Dang Nhat Minh  , Chu Ngoc Chau  , Nguyen Van Noi  , Do Huy Hoang  , Pham Thanh Dong  , Nguyen Minh Viet  , Nguyen Minh Phuong
Published: May 2023

Photocatalysts have been effectively applied for water treatment. Narrow bandgap energy semiconductors show good photocatalytic performance at visible light. However, high recombination rate of the photogenerated electrons and holes leads to their low photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the conduction and valence band potentials of these materials are not suitable for the redox reactions with water and oxygen to generate HO• and •O2⁻ radicals, respectively. Therefore, the development of new photocatalyst systems to overcome these disadvantages is necessary. This study investigated the photocatalytic activity of FeWO4/rGO/g-C3N4 Z-scheme photocatalytic system via the degradation of Rhodamine B in water. The photocatalyst was synthesized by simple hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction method (XRD), fluorescence spectroscopy (PL) and diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis). The results showed that after 150 minutes illumination, the Rhodamine B decomposition efficiency on FeWO4/g-C3N4 and FeWO4/rGO/g-C3N4 were 93.07 and 99.21%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than that of g-C3N4 under the same catalytic concentration of 0.1g/L. In the FeWO4/rGO/g-C3N4 heterostructure, rGO acted as electron mediator and transporter between two semiconductors, resulting in a lower recombination rate of photogenerated charges. As the results, the photocatalytic performance was enhanced.
Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin-Modified Carbon Nitride as Metal-free Photocatalyst for Water Treatment
Authors: Tran Hong Minh  , Nguyen Xuan Truong  , Nguyen Ngoc Tue  , Nguyen Duc Trung  , Giang Thi Phuong Ly  , Tran Thuong Quang
Published: May 2023

Metal-free catalysts are considered a new strategy for environmental application since they do not release any additional hazardous compounds when employed for an extended period. Carbon-based materials and carbon nitride have drawn a lot of interest owing to their physical and optical properties.  Herein, we reported a new way to modify carbon nitride with resorcinol-formaldehyde resins, a member of phenolic resins, to enhance their photocatalytic activity. The length of time to polymerize resorcinol-formaldehyde resins was investigated as it had a great impact on the characteristic features as well as the photocatalytic performance of the resulting materials. SEM images revealed that RF resins appeared as nano-fragments and were deposited densely on the surface of carbon nitride. On the other hand, the deposition of RF on the surface of carbon nitride had a great influence on the BET surface area values. For photocatalytic performance, all the modified samples exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activity towards Methylene Blue (MB). The optimal sample was RF@CN10, which the reflux time was 10 hours. This sample has a more broaden absorption spectrum and a narrower bandgap energy (2.66 eV) than the pure carbon nitride.  With regard to photocatalytic activity, this sample could completely degrade MB in the solution within 40 minutes, but it had poor efficiency when visible light was absent. Additionally, the catalyst could work effectively in neutral and alkaline conditions and could be reused for 5 cycles. Finally, the hypothesis for RF-carbon nitride cross-linking and the synergistic effect in the catalyst had been proposed.
Preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/SrTiO3 composite
Authors: Nguyen Van Kim  , Dong Thanh Hoa  , Ho Thi Thanh  , Le Thi Thanh Lieu  , Huynh Thi Minh Thanh  , Nguyen Thi Viet Nga
Published: May 2023

The g-C3N4/SrTiO3 composite was hydrothermally synthesized at 150 oC for 12 hours from a dispersed mixture of g-C3N4 and SrTiO3 in water, in which SrTiO3 was hydrothermally synthesized at 150 oC for 12 hours using strontium nitrate, propan-2-ol, titanium tetrachloride and sodium hydroxide as precursors without assistance of any surfactant; and g-C3N4 was prepared by pyrolysis of melamine at 520 oC. The properties of materials were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectra (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic activity of materials was assessed by degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4/SrTiO3 composite compared to single components g-C3N4 and SrTiO3 was observed.
Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue from an aqueous solution using SnO2/BaTiO3 heterostructure
Authors: Nguyen Thi Viet Nga  , Nguyen Le Thanh Hang  , Ho Thi Thanh  , Le Thi Thanh Lieu  , Nguyen Thi Lan  , Pham Ngoc Thuat  , Nguyen Van Kim
Published: May 2023

In this study, the SnO2/BaTiO3 heterostructure has been fabricated by firstly preparing SnO2 and BaTiO3 through, followed by coupling SnO2 and BaTiO3 by the hydrothermally method. The samples are denoted as SBTO-x:y, where x:y is weight ratio of SnO2 và BaTiO3 (x:y = 1:3, 1:5 và 1:7) in the reaction mixtures. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD, IR, EDS-mapping, SEM. The photocatalytic activity of SBTO-x:y SnO2 and BaTiO3 samples was assessed by degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under sunlight. Among them, SBTO-1:5 exhibited the best performance. An enhancement in photocatalytic activity of the composites is believed to the presence of BaTiO3.
Density Functional Theory Investigation of EPR Parameters for of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) complexes based on a tetradentate ONNO donor Schiff base ligand
Authors: Duc-Trung Nguyen  , Ngoc-Tue Nguyen  , Pham Van Tien
Published: May 2023

Characterization of a tetradentate ONNO Schiff base ligand namely (1, 1′- (pyridine-2, 3-dimethyliminomethyl) naphthalene-2, 2′-diol) and hereafter denotes as “SL″ and selected metal complexes including Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) as a central metal was studied. In this paper, the calculation was done to determine the magnetic exchange of the studied molecules, Schiff base complexes via DFT calculations. Using the ZORA approach with the BP86 functionals and appropriate basis set def2-tzvp and Coulomb fitting, the optimized geometries were obtained with reliable accuracy and precision. The dipole moment was calculated.  The EPR parameters were also reported.
Fabrication of composited electrode based on coconut activated carbon and MCNTs for ionic electrosorption
Authors: Huynh Le Thanh Nguyen  , Tran Thanh Nhut  , Ho Thi Thanh Nguyen  , Le Viet Hai  , Nguyen Thai Hoang
Published: May 2023

Activated carbon (AC) derived from coconut shells (Tra Bac Company, Vietnam) is a promising candidate material for the capacitance deionization (CDI) technology due to their low-cost, abundance and its high surface area. In our work, the composites AC/MCNTs electrodes were prepared using the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaric anhydride (GA) as cross-linking binder. The morphological properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical properties were performed by electrochemical measurements such as: cyclic voltammetry (CV), cyclic charge – discharge (CDC). The composite electrode with 1% CNTs (wt.) showed encouragingly a specific capacitance of 94.0 F/g and a salt absorption capacity of 11.2 mg/g with stable performance.
Preparation of poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene)-based molecularly imprinted polymers for rhodamine onto ITO/Au electrodes and analytical application by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mai  , Giap Van Hung  , Nguyen Le Huy
Published: May 2023

In this report, poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene) as a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) coated on gold nanoparticles (nano Au) dispersed on ITO electrode was prepared. While nano Au strongly enhance the Raman signal of the analyte, MIP layer allows to selective trap and enrich the analyte molecules close to the Au surface. In fact, by building a polymer matrix around target molecules, in this case is rhodamine B and then extraction of the imprinted molecules, we can create the specific cavities in the MIP shell with a 3D structure complementary to the template molecule in shape and chemical functionality. The rhodamine molecules on ITO/Au/MIP substrate were detected using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with an enhancement factor of 106. The SERS peak intensity at 611 and 771 cm-1 was found to be proportional to the Rhodamine concentration with correlation coefficients of 0.993 and 0.935, respectively. These results open up prospects for development of poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene) as a molecularly imprinted polymer for applications in plasmonic sensing.
O efeito das estratégias de comunicação promocional na intenção de compra de seguro saúde
Authors: Souza Alessandra Ramon de , Carvalho Marcelo , Lopes Evandro Luiz
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo explicar a influência do foco regulatório na efetividade comunicação promocional com enquadramento de perda ou ganho, para produtos de seguro saúde. Método: Esta pesquisa foi do tipo conclusiva causal, na qual o delineamento experimental foi conduzido por meio da apresentação de duas comunicações promocionais com estruturações distintas e determinação da intenção de compra a partir de cada uma delas. Resultados: Foi possível observar que indivíduos de foco regulatório promocional se engajam pouco à ideia do seguro, um produto que possui caráter de resguardo e não engloba as características de realização e progresso preferíveis por aquele grupo. Esta baixa aderência independe do tipo de comunicação utilizada – com apelo emocional positivo ou negativo. Todavia é proveitoso atentar para o desempenho consideravelmente melhor das comunicações com apelo emocional negativo ao atingir o público de foco regulatório preventivo. Originalidade: Este estudo inova ao estender a compreensão sobre a influência do foco regulatório na efetividade do uso da estratégia de comunicação promocional em seguro saúde.
Assessing the effects of technology adoption model on satisfaction and loyalty in streaming services
Authors: Mangini Eduardo Roque , Silva Rayssa Gabrielly , Lopes Luisa , Esteves Salete
Published: May 2023

O enorme aumento da demanda por serviços de streaming na última década, e durante a pandemia COVID-19, trouxe esperança de um futuro promissor para as empresas deste setor, onde os determinantes da satisfação e lealdade do cliente ainda não foram totalmente compreendidos. O estudo empírico apresentado neste artigo, tem como objetivo principal, analisar os fatores que influenciam a lealdade dos consumidores em um serviço de streaming. Procurando responder à questão de investigação, foram utilizados dois tipos de fontes: primária e secundária. No que respeita às fontes primárias, foi utilizada uma pesquisa quantitativa, recolhendo os dados com a técnica de amostragem por conveniência, usando um questionário aplicado online através de e-mails institucionais e redes sociais (Facebook, Instagram e Whatsapp). Os dados (n= 205) foram analisados utilizando a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Perante os resultados obtidos, é possível concluir quais são os principais fatores que influenciam a lealdade em relação a uma plataforma de streaming, a saber: qualidade percebida, facilidade de uso, expectativa de desempenho e satisfação. A análise realizada revelou a validade preditiva dos três fatores e da satisfação, e através desta, da lealdade.
Determining factors of continuance intention of use regarding Pix payment services on Brazil
Authors: Caldeira Tharcisio , Vidigal Naiara , Vieira Jéssica
Published: May 2023

A necessidade de entender o comportamento do consumidor em relação às inovações tecnológicas é essencial para que as empresas desenvolvam suas estratégias para atender as necessidades de seus clientes e se tornarem mais competitivas no mercado. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar os principais fatores que influenciam a continuidade do uso dos serviços de pagamentos Pix no Brasil. Esta pesquisa utilizou o Modelo de Expectativa-Confirmação (ECM) adaptado, juntamente com os construtos do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologias (TAM), Prontidão Para a Tecnologia (TR) e Risco Percebido (PR). Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma survey com 467 respondentes. Esses dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (SEM). Os resultados indicaram que a satisfação do consumidor é um forte preditor da intenção de continuar, assim como a utilidade percebida e a facilidade percebida de uso, que tem influência indireta. No entanto, o risco percebido, mesmo sendo significativo em relação à utilidade percebida, apresentou pouco efeito no modelo.
Gaps, challenges and drivers for environmentally sustainable textile and garment manufacturing in India
Authors: Nikam Jaee
Published: May 2023

This paper provides an overview of the country’s manufacturing value chain of textiles and garments, and the status of sustainable manufacturing throughout these so-called upstream processes, from raw material procurement to ready-made garment production. After outlining the regulatory structure that influences the upstream textile and garments value chain in India, the author explores the challenges and drivers faced by textile manufacturers in India, along with providing policy suggestions and highlighting the opportunities for sustainable transitions.
NOVEL NETWORK EXPLORATION THROUGH MRNA CHANGES IN THE SKELETAL MUSCLE AFTER RESISTANCE EXERCISE
Authors: IRUM HAYAT  , ISABELLE LYS  , RACHEL PAGE
Published: May 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been regarded as a syndrome of modified lifestyle disorder. The thrifty genotype has been used to elucidate the amplified incidence and prevalence of T2DM in high risk ethnic populations such as Pima Indians, Latino and African Americans, Japanese and Pacific people. Exercise moves the crucial imperfections linked with reduced metabolic capacity and fatty oxidation are interrelated to the etiology of obesity and insulin resistance.

Objectives: To investigate the statistically significant changes in skeletal muscle mRNA expression with resistance exercise after 16 weeks, using the microarray data and identify the statistically significant genes related to energy metabolism and skeletal muscle remodelling in response to exercise in the SPIRIT study cohort.

Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was carried out at Massey University, New Zealand from 1st July 2015 to 31st December 2015. Eighteen participants with type 2 diabetes were recruited in aerobic exercise training for 16 weeks. mRNA was extracted from the skeletal muscle biopsy sample. Examination of the gene set, molecular and physiological function analysis and network construction was performed in Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. A total of 20,000 genes associated with the human genome were probed.

Results: Total 653 genes (3.3% of the human genome) were found to change in expression, with statistical significance, after 16 weeks of intervention. a total of 143 genes had a fold change 1.2. Out of the 143 genes, 120 showed a fold change 1.3 and 20 genes had a fold change 1.4.

Conclusion: The resistance exercise could be an important rehabilitation tool to stimulate skeletal muscle flexibility in people with T2DM and obesity.
FROZEN SECTION DIAGNOSIS: AN EXPERIENCE AT THE INSTITUTE (CHUGHTAI’S LAHORE LAB, LAHORE)
Authors: MUHAMMAD FAYYAZ ANWAR  , MUHAMMAD IRFAN BASHEER  , SADIA RANA  , NAJAM-ULHASNAIN  , HASEEB AHMED KHAN  , IQBAL AHMED  , MUHAMMAD KASHIF MUGHAL
Published: May 2023

Background: Frozen section based histological diagnosis is required by the surgeon(s) to make immediate intraoperative decision(s) So, high accuracy of frozen section is important for the reporting surgical pathologist(s) and surgeon(s) to make subsequent on-table decision for the management of the patient.

Objective: To assess the concordance of frozen section histological diagnosis reported in our institute by comparing it with subsequent final histological diagnosis.

Material & Methods: Biopsy specimens 100 patients submitted for frozen section diagnosis were included in the study. The diagnosis rendered on fresh frozen section was compared with the diagnosis rendered on paraffinembedded formalin-fixed section of the same specimen.

Results: Male-to-female ratio of the patients included in the study was 2:1 with mean age of 48.70 years. The diagnosis could be rendered in 99 cases, while in 1 case diagnosis was deferred to permanent sections (deferral rate: 1%). There was no difference found between the frozen section diagnosis and the final diagnosis in 97 (concordance rate: 97.9%) cases.

Conclusion: Frozen section-based histological assessment for diagnosis and/or surgical resection margins status is a reliable technique in terms of its timely and accurate reporting and low deferral rate.
Analisis Pesan Dakwah pada Komik Dakwah "Real Masjid" Karya Tony Trax
Authors: Rizaq Moh Cholisatur , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Bekti M. Alam
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini berusaha mengungkap bagaimana sebuah buku komik dapat digunakan untuk berdakwah melalui karya visual sekaligus sastra dan gambar yang ada di dalam komik strip Tony Trax. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1).Memahami karakter gambar yang ada di komik. (2).Menunjukkan bagaimana isi pesan dakwah di representasikan pada buku komik “REAL MASJID” karya Tony Trax, kepada anak- anak dengan analisis semiotika. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, dengan data yang dikumpulkan berupa catatan, dokumen pribadi, catatan lapangan dan dokumen resmi lainnya. Analisis yang digunakan pada peneliti mengunakan analisis semiotika dari Roland Barthes. analisis semiotika digunakan dalam upaya untuk mengungkap/menelusuri representasi visual atau pesan, salah satunya menganalisis kelayakan buku komik religi “REAL MASJID” pada isi makna dalam konten, keterbacaan, visualisasi atau karakternya. Hasil dari yang di dapat peneliti pada komik strip Real Masjid ini Dalam komik Real Masjid terdapat 3 konsep unsur pesan dakwah yang ditemukan dalam komik Real Masjid yaitu, akidah, syariah, dan akhlakul karimah. komik ini secara menyeluruh mengandung pesan-pesan dakwah yang mudah dan aman dipelajari anak-anak sampai usia remaja, karena secara garis besar cerita yang diangkat pada komik strip ini dari permasalahan sehari-hari yang cenderung dialami anak-anak.