bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective and anti-oxidant properties of Waltheria americana leaf in male Wistar rats
Authors: Owemidu Idowu Olumorin , Onasanwo Samuel Adetunji , Ajayi Abayomi M. , Oyebanjo Oyetola T.
Published: December 2024

Neurodegenerative disorders are linked with neuroinflammation in specific areas of the brain. Waltheria americana is used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammation. Most drugs used in managing neuroinflammation are expensive and associated with adverse effects thereby necessitating the need for safe, potent and affordable agents. This study, therefore, evaluated the neuroprotective and anti-oxidant properties of methanol extract of Waltheria americana leaf (MEWA) in laboratory rodents.
Leaves of W. americana were obtained at the College of Agriculture, Kabba, Kogi State, and authenticated at the Herbarium, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan (FHI:111064). The leaves were extracted by maceration in methanol and concentrated. Neuroinflammation was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of Lipopolysaccharide (2 mg/kg) in 15 rats and were grouped (n=5) as follows: Group1 (MEWA 200 mg/kg), Group 2 (Quercetin 50 mg/kg), Group 3 received vehicle only (control 10 mL/kg) while another group (not induced) received vehicle only. The treatment was done for 30 days. Memory function was assessed using Y Maze Test (YMT). At termination, Striatum, Prefrontal cortex (PFC) and Hippocampus were sectioned. Glutathione, malondialdehyde and acetylcholinesterase were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Nissl stains were used for neuronal morphology. Data were analysed using ANOVA at α 0.05.
The MEWA (200 mg/kg) significantly increased percentage alternation. The MEWA (200 mg/kg) significantly increased glutathione level (μmol/g tissue) in PFC (67.38±7.11) and Hippocampus (105.40±4.80) compared to control PFC (39.75±8.30), Hippocampus (55.54±2.0) and significantly decreased malondialdehyde level (ηmol/g tissue), acetylcholinesterase activity (μmol/min/g tissue), in Striatum (52.69±7.95, 7.96±0.31), PFC (57.94±3.81, 23.81±0.37), Hippocampus (111.0±12.90, 68.01±0.73), compared to control Striatum (83.51±3.85, 13.21±0.78), PFC (146.30±7.71, 32.27±1.49) and Hippocampus (151.40±8.80, 73.85±1.40), respectively. The MEWA 200 mg/kg preserved neuronal morphology.
Waltheria americana leaf extract ameliorated neurodegeneration in striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus by reducing levels of free radicals, acetylcholinesterase and preventing neuronal damage in laboratory rodents.
Gut fermentation syndrome as an alibi for a driver tested positive for alcohol: a case-based discussion
Authors: Toruńska Ewa , Engelgardt Piotr , Krzyżanowski Maciej
Published: December 2024

The intestinal fermentation syndrome (IFS) also known as the auto-brewery syndrome (ABS), is an extremely rare diagnosis. This syndrome involves the endogenous production of alcohol by microorganisms in the digestive system after consuming a high-carbohydrate meal. The article describes the case of a 65-year-old driver who was found to have 0.24 mg/l of alcohol during a sobriety test, which, according to Polish law, is defined as a state after consuming alcohol and is considered a misdemeanour. He explained his condition by the occurrence of the intestinal fermentation syndrome. After a thorough analysis of the documentation submitted, it was concluded that there was no basis for assuming that the ethyl alcohol found in the exhaled air resulted from the accused’s health condition, medications taken by him or meals consumed, and the presence of the discussed disease was excluded. The specificity of the intestinal fermentation syndrome encourages the use of the diagnosis as an alibi for alcohol detected in the body. Hence, in such cases, it is important to carefully conduct diagnostics, including differential diagnosis, microbiological tests and, above all, a provocation test with glucose with simultaneous monitoring of the alcohol level in the body. During diagnostics, the possibility of additional alcohol intake should also be excluded to avoid false results and misdiagnosis.
Direction of vein mapping in forensic identification: a comprehensive review
Authors: Badhwar Neha , Murtala Mukaddas Khadija , Neogi Vhagyashree , Swapna Ameesha , Fallah Fomba Bill
Published: December 2024

Vein mapping can be used to identify possible suspects using matching learning algorithms. Since vasculature deep in the skin cannot be visualized by naked eyes, the features extracted usually by converting to near infrared images which gives best track recovery with little noise. Two decades, ago the premise for the use of vein patterns for identification emerged in the forensic field. Researchers are proposing innovative approaches and methods utilized to improve the recognition, quality, classification, and extraction of viable vein patterns from images. Deep learning algorithms such as convolution neural network (CNN ), K-nearest network, autoencoders are being used to extract venous features with ease especially when analyzing image forensic evidence. This paper provides an overview of recently proposed finger vein, dorsal hand vein, wrist vein and hybrid systems and highlights their performance and real-life application.
Attacks against Cultural Property in Armed Conflict – How to Reduce the Risk of Impunity?
Authors: Woudenberg Nout
Published: December 2024

People see cultural property as their heritage, which identifies them and made them who they are today. Loss of cultural property deprives people of tangible remnants of their past and leaves deep unhealable wounds. Therefore, there are special regimes and measures in place in order to protect cultural property during armed conflict. However, instead of saving and sparing cultural property, belligerents often even intentionally target the cultural property of the other people as a means of warfare in order to break the backbone and morale of these people or make their identity fade away. Measures such as enhanced protection, individual criminal responsibility, and means for paying more attention to the dissemination and implementation of the rules of warfare do not seem to have sufficient desired effect. So how can we more effectively make belligerents refrain from destroying cultural property? How can we increase deterrence effects and decrease impunity? This article first shortly reflects on the legal framework of cultural property protection in armed conflict. Then it touches upon the various obligations of states with regard to the practical implementation of, and adherence to, these rules, after which it flags several cases before international courts and tribunals, both regarding individual criminal responsibility and state responsibility. Thereafter the recent Russian destruction of cultural property in Ukraine is addressed, followed by an examination of how deterrence can be enhanced and impunity reduced. The article ends with several conclusions and recommendations in that regard.
Revisiting Enhanced Protection: Implications from a Practical Case Study
Authors: Cunliffe Emma
Published: December 2024

The 1999 Second Protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954) created a new legal framework to improve protection for the world’s most important cultural property in cases of conflict, called enhanced protection. However, it has never been tested. In representing the NGO Blue Shield International, I had the opportunity to test it on the NATO training exercise STEADFAST JACKAL 2023. The training audience, Eurocorps, was presented with a complex non-international armed conflict in which tensions escalated over a (fictional) site under enhanced protection. Multiple stakeholders, including the national owners and armed non-state groups, provoked conflicting legal and policy obligations. The actions taken by Eurocorps raised implications for safeguarding enhanced protection sites in real situations, which this article seeks to highlight and explore, offering a new understanding of the application of law in practice. The article argues that in certain circumstances enhanced protection may lead to competing obligations regarding human rights, justice, and cultural protection. Those registering sites and acting to protect them must consider likely scenarios carefully to establish good practices. Otherwise, enhanced protection could defend sites to the detriment of those that value them.
Underwater Cultural Heritage and Armed Conflict: An Analysis under the 1954 Hague Convention
Authors: Perez-Alvaro Elena
Published: December 2024

This article explores the protection of underwater cultural heritage under the umbrella of the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict as a guide to analyse the impact of armed conflict on underwater cultural heritage. During direct confrontations, underwater cultural heritage faces threats, including deliberate destruction, looting for profit, and damage from military activities. In fact, underwater cultural heritage has been used and is still used in military strategy as a tool of hybrid warfare. Together, the 1954 Hague Convention and the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage offer a comprehensive approach to safeguarding cultural heritage, including underwater sites and artefacts, by combining legal frameworks, preservation strategies, and international cooperation efforts mitigating the devastating impact of warfare on underwater cultural heritage.
At the Borderline of Public and Private Law: The Restitution of Cultural Property Held in Public Collections in Hungary
Authors: Vadász Vanda , Verebélyi Viktória
Published: December 2024

During the Second World War, and thereafter until the end of the communist regime in 1989, a massive amount of privately owned works of art came into the possession of the Hungarian state. The ownership of the property thus collected was only partially clarified after the war. After the fall of communism, nationalized cultural property was subject to restitution laws, but restitution typically meant partial compensation. The aim of this article is to highlight the shortcomings that still characterize the restitution of cultural property held in public collections in Hungary. After summarizing the historical-legal situation pertaining to restitution measures in Central and Eastern Europe, we provide a comprehensive overview of the Hungarian legal environment in terms of restitution. The focus is on the restitution rules adopted in the 2010s that were intended to settle the possession of cultural property held in public collections. The roots of constitutional issues related to the regulation arise from and are reflected in the intermingling of private law and public law characteristics and guarantees. In the presentation of civil law disputes concerning the ownership rights of property held in public collections, we outline the characteristics of the Hungarian regulatory framework regarding protected cultural property and the issues arising from their application. Finally, we provide an overview of the European Court of Human Rights’ jurisprudence on the protection of property rights and an assessment of Hungarian regulations before the Court. We claim that the lack of predictability and certainty of the latter authority’s proceedings may lead to human rights issues.
Return of Benin Objects to Nigeria: Perceptions and the Law
Authors: Adewumi Afolasade A.
Published: December 2024

This research responds to the debates over who should own Benin objects returned to Nigeria and the news about the Oba of Benin commenting, prior to 2023, that the Benin objects to be returned to Nigeria should be returned to him and not the federal government. This article uncovers the perceptions of the members of the Igun community, many of whom are the descendants of the Igun guild that produced the Benin objects that were carted away from Benin Kingdom during the 1897 Expedition. Using a survey questionnaire and in-depth interviews, the article examines the perceptions of the Igun community about the Benin objects and the effect of the expedition on Benin art and heritage. The findings reveal that many believe the Benin objects should be returned to the Oba, who is the custodian of Benin culture and heritage. The respondents are also in agreement that the expedition, although brutal, nonetheless brought Benin art and heritage into the limelight. The article also carries out a critique of the Executive Order Notice No. 25, Order No. 1 of 2023, and concludes by stating that though the executive order is invalid, its invalidity is inconsequential with respect to the dictates of customary law, human rights law, and international law.
The Role of the EPPO in Combating Crime in the Cultural Sector: The Case of the Regional Museum in Olomouc
Authors: Petr Jan , Jakubowski Andrzej
Published: December 2024

This article addresses the role of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) in investigating, prosecuting, and bringing to judgment the perpetrators of, and accomplices to, criminal offences affecting the financial interests of the European Union (EU) in the cultural sector. While focusing on the case of the subsidy and procurement fraud, passive corruption, and money laundering in the case of the Regional Museum in Olomouc (Czech Republic), the article aims to elucidate the current mandate and expectations with respect to the EPPO in relation to the prosecution of cultural heritage crimes. Accordingly, it recalls the key objectives of the EU Action Plan against Trafficking in Cultural Goods, and considers the potential contribution of the EPPO to the safeguarding of cultural heritage from the threats connected with organized, transnational criminal activities.
The role of digital media in the environmental activism
Authors: Osepashvili Dali
Published: December 2024

The goal of this research is to show the results of the study of the role of social media in digital environmental activism as an example of Georgia. In the last few years there are a few studies which discuss digital environmental activism but this kind of research has not been conducted in Georgia, which emphasizes novelty and relevance. Methods of this study are semi-structured interviews with active users of the social media platforms and a qualitative content analysis of digital environmental activists’ pages on Facebook. As for the research questions, what is the role of digital media in environmental activism? Which social media platforms are used by activists? Which type of the activism is used by Georgian digital environmental activists? According to the results of this study, slacktivism is mainly observed in Georgian social media, when people try to express their position with electronic petitions, express position by avatar frames or using hashtags. There are some platforms on Facebook where environmental activists are united, but until now, there was only 1 case that actively collected citizens on the social media platform – Facebook – movement of “MyCityKills”. As the questioned respondents emphasized, despite the existence of environmental groups or pages on Facebook, it is still passive activism. It was the only case of manifestation of not only environmental activism, but also civil digital activism in general, when thousands of young volunteers mobilized through Facebook and on June 13, 2015, to clean the environment of Tbilisi affected by the flood and help people affected by the disaster.
Environment, youth, and policy-making discussion: A conversation analysis on Think Policy’s YouTube channel
Authors: Laoera Bruce Dame , Uyun Rosita M.
Published: December 2024

This study will focus on three videos on YouTube which mainly discuss the climate crisis and environment published by Think Policy, an organization that addresses public policy-making in Indonesia. It employs Conversation Analysis to explore how the conversation talks from YouTube videos can show context and explain the importance of the environment, sustainability, and policy-making related to them. The analysis centres around the chunks of conversations that convey: 1) the critical views of environmental activists towards public policy and conditions regarding climate crisis, environment, and sustainability in Indonesia; 2) the educational purpose which raises the youngsters’ awareness towards environmental issues; 3) the agreement and disagreement of environmental activities regarding climate crisis issue in general. The result shows that through its YouTube talks and building upon the lack of public discussion centring around environmental issues in Indonesia, Think Policy can be seen as a social agent organization that functions to spread awareness of environmental issues to a wider range of audiences through environmental and policy-making discussion regardless of their age and views on social or politics.
Perception of climate change by students of Journalism and Social Communication at the University of Gdansk
Authors: Ahmad Michalina
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the topic of how young people perceive climate change and the phenomenon of so-called “eco-anxiety”. The issue of climate change is an important issue for people of the so-called “generation Z”, who, as various studies show, experience negative emotional states due to climate change. The author presents the results of a survey conducted among a group of students of Journalism and Social Communication at the University of Gdansk, through which she wanted to find out how students who are representatives of generation Z perceive climate change? Where do they get information on this subject and how do they evaluate it? Do they also experience eco-anxiety and what behaviours do their knowledge and emotions generate in them?
Gatunki, kategorie i tagi w telewizji linearnej i nielinearnej
Authors: Wawer Monika
Published: December 2024

The concept of television genre is a starting point for conceptualizations made by researchers from various theoretical perspectives. It seems that the rich genological literature on the subject lacks the perspective of television creators. The reasons for this omission are probably justified by the arbitrariness and inconsistency of the nomenclature used by broadcasters and producers, which serves rather to communicate with the viewer and internal communication than to precisely classify the content. The purpose of this article is to attempt to describe the genres, categories and tags used by television creators. The analysis of this set of terms will serve to find the regularities that govern programmers and producers’ thinking about TV content. An additional reference in these considerations will be the transformation of the linear to the non-linear paradigm.
TÜRK SAVUNMA SANAYİSİ SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ FİRMALARIN KURUMSAL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK PERFORMANSININ ÖLÇÜMÜ: ASELSAN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Ayyildiz Hakki , Öztel Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Türk savunma sanayisinin önde gelen firmalarından ASELSAN'ın 2020-2022 yılları arasındaki kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik performansını ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel boyutlarda incelemektedir. Entropi ve MAIRCA gibi çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen analizlerde, her bir sürdürülebilirlik boyutunun yıllık performans sıralamaları belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, özellikle COVID-19 pandemisinin ekonomik faaliyetler üzerindeki etkisini göz önüne sermektedir. 2020 yılında ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik göstergeleri pandeminin kısıtlayıcı etkisiyle düşük bir seviyede seyrederken, 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında toparlanma eğilimi göstermiştir. Sosyal sürdürülebilirlik göstergelerinde iş gücü yapısındaki değişiklikler öne çıkmakta; çevresel göstergelerde ise enerji tüketimi ve karbon emisyon yönetimi gibi konularda çeşitli sorunlar gözlemlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın ASELSAN’ın sürdürülebilirlik stratejilerini değerlendirmek ve geleceğe yönelik iyileştirmeler önerme açısından önemli katkılar sağladığı görülmektedir.
Secularisation in the 21st century as a factor of political polarisation of society
Authors: Miller Antony
Published: December 2024

The polarisation of society in the 21st century has become a significant threat to both state governments and the functioning of national communities themselves. Issues of religion and religiosity, placed within the framework of secular institutions, have become one of the areas of increased confrontation, which necessitates a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. The aim of this article was to study the problem of the formation of political confrontation around religious practices and secularisation in modern society. The leading research method was the formal-legal analysis method, with the help of which the current legal status of atheism as a worldview of a significant part of the population was investigated in national and international legal acts; the content of civil law on freedom of religion was investigated. Using the comparison method, the scale and practices of discrimination against representatives of the atheistic worldview in different countries of the world were compared. As a result of the study, the legal nature of the establishment of the right to freedom of religion, as well as the significance of the criminalisation of atheism in Muslim countries, were revealed. It is worth noting that this study has shown that in many countries atheists face discrimination and persecution because of their beliefs. The results obtained during the study demonstrate that the church continues to play a significant role in shaping public opinion and political decisions in many countries, which exacerbates the divide between believers and non-believers. Progressive secularisation and the reaction to it contribute to the polarisation of society through the confrontation of religious and atheistic views in various spheres of life, which is especially acutely felt in political confrontations. The results of this research, as well as the conclusions drawn on their basis, are of practical value for a further, more comprehensive study of the stated problem, creating a foundation for the legal regulation of the status of atheism
International cooperation in combating drug trafficking: Contemporary challenges
Authors: Lisowski Piotr
Published: December 2024

The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that drug proliferation is a global issue that impacts the social, economic, and security dimensions of society, necessitating comprehensive measures at the international level. The aim of this study was to analyse the development of international legislation in the field of counter-narcotics, as well as methods of combating modern synthetic drugs. In the course of the study, using historical and genetic analysis, the history of the international fight against drug trafficking was analysed, starting from the International Opium Convention of 1912 under the League of Nations aegis, to the Vienna Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 under the United Nations aegis. Using a systemic approach to the study of social phenomena, the reasons for the widespread distribution of designer drugs in the 21st century were considered. The successes and problems of the implementation and activities of the “United Nations Toolkit on Synthetic Drugs”, the Global Coalition to Address Synthetic Drug Threats were analysed; the plans for the creation of the European Union Drugs Agency were critically examined. The statistics of fentanyl-related deaths in the United States were studied. The cooperation between the governments of the United States and the People’s Republic of China in 2023, which focused on combating the leakage of fentanyl precursor chemicals into the hands of Mexican cartels, was investigated. A problem analysis of the updated strategy to combat fentanyl and other synthetic drugs by the United States Customs and Border Protection, thanks to which already at the beginning of 2024 more than 8 thousand pounds of fentanyl were seized, helped to identify problematic aspects of documents in this area. The results of the study showed that the international community was aware of the drug problem and adopted appropriate resolutions, however, modern international legislation needs to be improved to combat the international drug trafficking of synthetic drugs, which requires political publicity and the activity of political elites. The results obtained can be useful for public service workers engaged in anti-drug activities, for students and lecturers, as well as for public activists involved in social work with drug addicts
Right-wing and left-wing populism in the EU and their impact on democratic processes
Authors: Fekolli Saimir , Cela Ervis
Published: December 2024

Contemporary European populism, which has become particularly widespread in the last decade of the 21st century, is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon whose impact on democratic institutions has not been fully studied. The aim of this research was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the ideological foundations, electoral successes, and impact of populist movements on the functioning of democratic institutions in the EU. The study employed a comparative analysis method to identify the differences between right-wing and left-wing populism, an analysis of the programmatic documents of populist parties, a statistical analysis of electoral data, and the activities of populist governments. The main results of the study demonstrated the ambivalent nature and multivariate manifestations of populism in contemporary Europe. Significant ideological differences were identified between right-wing and left-wing populism, particularly in interpreting the concept of “the people”, the perception of fundamental societal divisions, and approaches to economic policy. An analysis of electoral successes demonstrated a growing support for right-wing populists in many EU countries, while left-wing populist forces showed a more ambiguous dynamic. The study of the impact of populist governments on the functioning of democratic institutions revealed serious challenges to the rule of law in Central and Eastern European countries, but less radical consequences in Southern Europe. It was established that the activities of right-wing populist governments in Hungary and Poland led to a systematic undermining of the principles of the rule of law through restrictions on the independence of the judiciary, freedom of the media, and the rights of the opposition. In contrast, left-wing populist governments in Greece and Spain primarily focused on socioeconomic reforms, avoiding the systematic undermining of democratic institutions. The research results revealed a growing trend towards polarisation of the political spectrum in many EU countries, which creates new challenges for the functioning of democratic institutions and maintaining the unity of the European Union. It was established that the impact of populism on democratic processes in the EU is contextually dependent and varies depending on national characteristics and the ideological orientation of populist forces. The research results can be used by public and governmental organisations and programs that promote political education and a critical approach to political choice
Perceived Need for Autonomy Satisfaction as A Predictor of Transition Among Form two Students in Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: Waithira Njoroge Felicita , M. Mutweleli Samuel , N. Nguno Susan
Published: December 2024

Poor transition may affect greatly learners especially as they move from primary to secondary school subsequently achieving low academic outcome. This in turn might affect their life career paths within and after school. The study focused on one psychological factor namely; Autonomy need for satisfaction ( ANFS) among learners in secondary schools. The purpose therefore was to examine the relationship between students’ need for autonomy satisfaction and transition among students in Kisii County. The study was guided by Deci and Ryan (2002) Psychological needs Satisfaction theory of Psychological Needs Satisfaction. Using a predictive Correlational research design the study population was 12462 Form two students across public secondary schools in Kisii County. The sample population was 405 students (167 male) (238 female) selected from 135 schools through purposive sampling, proportionate sampling, stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques. A five-subscale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of α = .96 was employed to gather participants’ data The test-retest technique was adopted to test for the reliability of the instruments, where the instruments were administered twice to the same participants, allowing a two-week interval between the two administrations. To establish the internal reliability of the instruments, the researcher used the Cronbach alpha coefficient (α). Data analysis was done using SPSS and descriptive statistics, using means and standard deviations. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was adopted to obtain the link between psychological needs satisfaction Autonomy and students' transition. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was adopted to obtain the means and standard deviations of transition and psychological needs satisfaction. Multiple regression was used to analyze the relationship between psychological needs satisfaction and transition.
Sergüzeşt Romanında Ahlâkî Kötülük
Authors: Güler Ahmet Faruk
Published: December 2024

Kötülük kavramının varlığı binlerce yıldır düşünürler tarafından farklı şekillerde yorumlanan bir olgudur. Toplumdan topluma, inanç sistemlerinden coğrafyaların farklılaşmasına kadar değişik şekillerde karşımıza çıkan kötülük mevcudiyetinin görünür olmasına bağlı olarak çeşitli alt kategorilerde değerlendirilmektedir. Fiziksel, metafiziksel, ahlâki ve kozmik kötülük şeklinde başlıklandırılan kötülüğün yansımaları insanoğlunun hayatı anlama ve yorumlamada oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Ahlâki kötülüğün irade sahibi bir varlığın başka canlılara her boyutuyla zarar vermesi olarak öne çıkan tanımı, edebî metinlerdeki kötü olarak adlandırılan karakterlerin anlama ve yorumlanmasında öne çıkmaktadır.
Sami Paşazâde Sezai, Tanzimat romanının önemli yazarlarından birisidir. Özellikle Sergüzeşt adlı romanında döneminin toplumsal hayatında var olan esaret temini merkeze almasıyla dikkatleri çekmektedir. Romanın baş karakteri Dilber’in esir edilmesinden ölümüne kadar geçen olaylar silsilesi içinde maruz kaldığı davranış biçimleri toplumsal hayatta kötülüğün ortaya çıkış ve yansımalarını göstermesi açısından önemli bir eserdir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle kötülük kavramı üzerinde durulacak ve ardından Sergüzeşt romanında ahlâki kötülüğün yansıma şekilleri incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Demokratik Bir Toplum İçin Eğitim: Bertrand Russell’in Yurttaşlık Eğitimine Yönelik Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yalçın Ali
Published: December 2024

Demokratik toplumların inşasında en önemli araçlardan biri, eğitim faaliyetleridir. Bunun içinde yurttaşlık eğitiminin kayda değer ayrı bir yeri vardır. Hem devlet düzeyinde hem de birey ve toplum alanında, görüş ve düşünceleriyle kitleleri etkileyen önemli düşünür ve filozoflar, geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de etkili olmaktadır. 20. yüzyıl düşünce dünyasının en ünlü filozoflarından birisi olarak ön plana çıkan Bertrand Russell (1872-1970), gerek eserlerinin sayısı, gerek ele alıp incelediği konular (matematik felsefesi, bilgi teorisi, tarih felsefesi, ahlâk, din, politika, sosyoloji, psikoloji, eğitim vb.) ve gerekse görüşlerine etki ettiği filozofların çokluğu bakımından şüphesiz ki, oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu açıklamalardan hareketle bu çalışma, doküman temelli nitel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, Bertrand Russell’ın yurttaşlık eğitimine yönelik düşüncelerini kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz ederek, günümüz yurttaşlık eğitimine dair öneriler sunmaktır. Russell, demokratik bir toplumun oluşumu ve devamı için eğitimin önemli bir araç olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bertnard Russell’e göre “iyi yurttaş” kavramı, bireylerin toplumsal normlara ve kurallara uygun, toplumsal faydayı gözeten bir şekilde yetiştirilmesini ifade ederken; “iyi bireyin” ise kendi bireysel gelişimini gerçekleştirmeyi hedeflediğini belirtmiştir. Ayrıca Russell’ê göre eğitim, birey yönünden değil toplum yönünden ele alınması gerektiğini ve temel görevinin yararlı yurttaşlar yetiştirmek olduğunu ileri sürmüştür. Ayrıca devletin toplumsal düzeni korumak için belirli normlara uygun yurttaşlar yetiştirmesi, durumun bireysel yaratıcılık ve eleştirel düşünceyi engelleyebileceğini ifade etmiştir. Russell'a göre, yurttaşlık eğitiminin başarılı olması için öncelikle bu öğretimin nihai hedefleri ve uygulama sonuçlarının kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Sonuç olarak küresel vatandaşlık kavramına da değinen Russell, yurttaşlık eğitimi ile ilgili görüşleri tartışmaya açık olup günümüzün modern toplumlarına yararlı olabilecek önemli açıklamalarda bulunmuştur.
ficción modernista con perspectiva de género: una propuesta didáctica.
Authors: De la Parra Fernández Laura , Gualberto Valverde Rebeca
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo propone un programa para la asignatura de Ficción Modernista Anglonorteamericana, asignatura obligatoria cursada en 4º curso del Grado en Estudios Ingleses de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, que incorpora la perspectiva de género. Para ello, esta propuesta se apoya en la teoría de los nuevos estudios modernistas (Mao and Walkowitz, 2008) como manera de repensar el canon incorporando diferencias identitarias y diferencias dentro del estudio de la literatura modernista. A continuación, se examina dicho programa mediante el mainstreaming de género, según el cual se sitúa el género como una categoría de análisis transversal a los contenidos curriculares.
Voces silenciadas: reivindicando el papel de la mujer en la enseñanza de los textos clásicos.
Authors: Aguayo Hidalgo Fátima
Published: December 2024

En la Antigua Grecia, la mujer jugaba un papel muy marginal dentro de la sociedad griega. Su participación en la vida pública era extremadamente limitada, y sus roles principales se circunscribían al ámbito doméstico. Las mujeres eran responsables de las tareas del hogar, la crianza de los hijos y la gestión de la economía doméstica, pero carecían de derechos políticos y legales significativos. No podían votar, ni ocupar cargos públicos, ni participar en las asambleas políticas que tomaban decisiones cruciales para la polis. Además, las mujeres estaban sujetas a la tutela de un varón a lo largo de toda su vida. Primero, bajo la autoridad de su padre, luego de su esposo, y en caso de enviudar, de un hijo o un pariente masculino. Este sistema de tutela reforzaba la percepción de que las mujeres eran dependientes y necesitaban ser controladas por los hombres. La literatura y la filosofía griegas también reflejan esta marginalización. Filósofos como Aristóteles consideraban a las mujeres inferiores a los hombres en términos de capacidad racional y moral, justificando así su exclusión de la vida pública. Los textos literarios y mitológicos a menudo retrataban a las mujeres como figuras de segundo plano, cuyo valor residía en su capacidad para engendrar hijos. Para reivindicar el papel de la mujer griega, los docentes podemos implementar varias estrategias. La más importante es proporcionar información histórica detallada sobre las mujeres de esa época, ya que la simple traducción de un texto no es suficiente para comprender su situación en su contexto sociocultural. Es fundamental que los estudiantes conozcan las realidades y desafíos que enfrentaron las mujeres griegas para apreciar plenamente su impacto y contribuciones a la historia.
«Estar feminista» en las aulas universitarias: introducir la teoría feminista como metodología de análisis interseccional y transversal.
Authors: Rodríguez Sandra G.
Published: December 2024

El siguiente trabajo presenta un material didáctico de carácter transversal para introducir la teoría, crítica y epistemología feministas en las aulas universitarias. Generalmente, las bibliografías de referencia de los planes docentes no contienen estudios realizados por mujeres, sujetos queer, racializados o que aborden temas relacionados con el impacto del patriarcado o el capitalismo en mujeres, minorías étnicas y religiosas, migrantes, personas con discapacidad o LGTBIQ+. Sin embargo, la consecución de pensamiento crítico es un objetivo que se incluye, de manera generalizada en los programas de las asignaturas de las instituciones universitarias. Es necesario suplir esta ausencia de herramientas críticas adecuadas para la instrucción del alumnado en la reflexividad acerca de las injusticias estructurales de la sociedad, para lo cual se presenta un material didáctico elaborado a partir de «Estar feminista (una baila, otra no)», de Marta Mantecón, del volumen Feminismos de cercanía. Se trata de un texto activista y divulgativo, fruto de la interiorización de conceptos que se desarrollan y discuten en la Academia (y necesitan salir de ella). El material consiste en una tabla en la cual se relacionan conceptos de la teoría feminista con investigadoras referentes y citas explicativas. De esta forma, se contribuye a la desmitificación del «objetivismo científico» del saber hegemónico, legitimando conocimientos situados a través de experiencias personales que crean comunidad. Se logra, además, derribar fronteras entre Academia y activismo, abogando por el tránsito del espacio liminal entre ambos, que no son excluyentes.
El poder del mito y los mitos del poder en la educación teatral
Authors: Blas Brunel Alicia Elisa
Published: December 2024

El siguiente artículo explora la influencia de los mitos literarios y las narrativas autobiográficas en el desarrollo de las estructuras de liderazgo y autoridad en la educación teatral. A través del análisis de la figura de Edward Gordon Craig y de su identificación con Hamlet, se desentraña cómo los arquetipos culturales construidos alrededor de ciertas personalidades históricas han moldeado las dinámicas de poder, exclusión y prestigio del teatro moderno.
La investigación destaca la necesidad de deconstruir la tradición heroica asociada a la figura masculina del director escénico como único autor del espectáculo, abriendo un espacio educativo más diverso, inclusivo y seguro. Para ello, el estudio se centra en reconocer y valorar contribuciones femeninas marginadas por el relato dominante. Al examinar bajo el prisma de las ecologías cognitivas y la mitocrítica la participación de Isadora Duncan, Edith Craig y Ellen Terry, entre otras, se propone una reevaluación de la historiografía teatral que incorpora la perspectiva de género y la crítica feminista como herramientas para la transformación educativa y artística.
El texto argumenta que la genealogía de las artes escénicas debe considerar la autoría social, la escenografía expandida y la creatividad actoral como constructoras de conocimiento. Resignificando con ello el teatro del siglo XXI, al alejarlo del culto al genio intelectual y el individualismo, y reconociendo la práctica estética colectiva y sus contextos como esenciales en la metodología y enseñanza de la creación artística.
"El poder del mito y los mitos del poder en la educación teatral: Edward Gordon Craig como Hamlet" invita a una reflexión crítica sobre los roles de género, la autoría y el poder en la educación y en el arte, proponiendo un enfoque pedagógico que amplía el canon teatral, desafía las jerarquías tradicionales y fomenta una práctica escénica verdaderamente representativa y enriquecedora para todas las personas involucradas.
Dependences of the configurations of the rolling stock and the time for boarding and disembarking passengers
Authors: Poliektov D. А. , Pokrovskaya O. D.
Published: December 2024

Currently, various electric trains operate on the Russian Railways network, but the calculation of the time for boarding and disembarking passengers is based on general formulas, which is not entirely correct. The subject of the study is the dependencies of the conﬁguration of the rolling stock and the elements of the train schedule, in particular the stopping time at intermediate points. The objectives are to study the parameters of some models of rolling stock that aﬀect the process of boarding and disembarking passengers, to consider and formulate original proposals for the layout of rolling stock cabins, taking into account the category of the route.The method of analytical comparisons is used. As a result, a conclusion is formulated about the need to take into account the category of the route, therefore, passengers, for ease of use and increasing the attractiveness of railway transport for passengers.
Improving the schedule for handling freight trains using the example of a marshalling yard
Authors: Ivanov E. K. , Nikiforova G. I.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses possible methods for improving the schedule of handling freight trains using the example of a marshalling yard. The marshalling yard is presented as an important link in the logistics chain of cargo delivery involving rail transport. Current conditions allow us to talk about the need to ﬁnd eﬀective solutions in the technology of transportation process management. In the logistics chains of cargo delivery, the marshalling yard acts as a link for changing the parameters of car traﬃc. The eﬃciency of the entire logistics chain will depend on the operation of such elements. The marshalling yard is also considered as a system, and the station parks are considered as elements of this system. The main operations performed when working with freight trains arriving at the disbandment in the sub-assembly park are described. The main factors inﬂuencing the amount of time required to perform key operations in the station’s ﬂeet have been identiﬁed. It is proposed to use quality management methods for the technological processes of the station to clarify the duration of a number of operations using the example of a sub-assembly park. The operations performed by the park attendant are highlighted, which are analyzed and presented in the form of a Deming – Shuhart cycle. It is proposed to divide each stage of the cycle into sub-stages. As a result, a fundamentally new schedule for handling freight trains arriving at the disbandment based on the PDCA cycle has been developed.
Compétence langagière et résolution de problèmes mathématiques chez les élèves des Cours moyens 2 des écoles primaires de l’arrondissement de Goulfey
Authors: MAHAMAT Alhadji
Published: December 2024

La pandémie à Covid-19 qui a sévit à travers le monde a poussé les communautés éducatives à recourir à de nouvelles méthodes pour assurer la continuité pédagogique. Le passage de la classe en présentiel à l’enseignement médié a bouleversé les pratiques des enseignants de langues et cultures nationales (LCN) des lycées et collèges du Cameroun. Diverses ressources institutionnelles ont ainsi été élaborées pour assurer la transmission des savoirs pendant et après la crise sanitaire. L’analyse des données collectées au moyen de questionnaires fait état de plusieurs dispositifs technologiques et révèle une utilisation encore très peu satisfaisante du numérique par les enseignant·es de langues et cultures camerounaises. Cette recherche propose des stratégies à mettre en œuvre pour vulgariser cette « innovation pédagogique » et ainsi amener les enseignant·es de cette matière à s’approprier les artefacts mis à disposition.
Trends in the development of e-commerce in Kazakhstan
Authors: Yesimzhanova S. R. , Кulman A. B. , Ermekbaeva D. D. , Basshieva Zh. K.
Published: December 2024

Currently, electronic commerce is one of the most dynamically developing segments of the world economy. In the case of Kazakhstan, which is actively conducting digital transformation, e-commerce plays a decisive role in stimulating economic growth and increasing the availability of goods and services for the population. Despite significant potential, the development of e-commerce in Kazakhstan faces a number of problems and limitations. The work presents a review of the literature of domestic and foreign authors on issues of electronic commerce and personnel management. The peculiarities and directions of the development of e-commerce are studied, the trends of the development of e-commerce in the world and in Kazakhstan are studied, the situation and problems are analyzed on the example of the domestic leader online. Kaspi.kz, the leader of online shopping, analyzed the situation and weaknesses of the store and made recommendations. An expert survey was conducted among e-commerce employees and the results were analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, there were recommendations for solving the problems of e-commerce development in Kazakhstan and for further development.
Digitalization of Kazakhstani banks
Authors: Bertayeva K. Zh. , Onaltayev D. O. , Akimbayeva K. T. , Issaeva A. T.
Published: December 2024

The financial industry, including the banking sector, has traditionally been a leader in introducing innovative technologies and digital services to its customers. Digital products and solutions help to receive financial services quickly and conveniently, and affordable and easy-to-use services are becoming an integral part of Kazakhstani financial institutions. It is already possible to receive banking services remotely and using biometric technologies. At the same time, the number of «hybrid» bank customers is growing in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstani banks are introducing new solutions for online bank account opening and the use of biometric technologies (fingerprints, voice and face recognition). A service has been launched for online opening of a bank account by legal entities and concluding a compulsory insurance contract at the stage of their state registration through the e-government portal, that is, a newly created legal entity can undergo state registration within the framework of one electronic procedure, open a bank account at its discretion in one of the second-tier banks offering such a service, and insure its employees. Thus, the process of forming a new digital financial services system is actively underway. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors of the article offer specific recommendations to improve the activities of Kazakhstan's secondtier banks on the use of digitalisation and new information products. In particular: the development of a clear digital strategy for small and medium-sized companies and enterprises, as they currently face certain negative problems due to cyber threats and risks of new technologies. It provides an effective start to a programme consisting of the creation of long-term innovation development institutions and specific projects in specific sectors for the sustainable development of the digitalisation process. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that Open API and Open Banking, etc. are aimed at continuing the introduction of new information products available to Kazakhstan's second-tier banks. The authors, based on the analysis of the current situation in the Kazakh banking system, propose to actively implement new solutions for online bank account opening, which is the main objective of the study and reflects the practical significance of its results.