Studi kualitatif dan kuantitatif fitokimia ekstrak air dan ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata l.) yang tumbuh di Provinsi Bali
Authors: Tedjasulaksana Regina , Nahak Maria Martina , Nahak Maria Martina , Ratmini Ni Ketut , Ratmini Ni Ketut 
Published: December 2022

Background: Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf as a traditional medicine is used for wound healing. Kirinyuh is easy to get because it can still grow well in less fertile areas. This study aims to determine the results of qualitative and quantitative tests of the active substance in kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L) growing in the province of Bali.Methods: This research was pre-experimental with completely randomized design with post-test only control group design. The research sample is kirinyuh leaves from three regions in the province of Bali based on geomorphology. Qualitative test results of ethanol and water extract of kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena Odorata L.) methanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants.Results: The results of the quantitative test of the highest alkaloid content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Jimbaran, namely 11,690.49 mg/100 gr. The highest tannin content of the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 172777 mg/100 gr. The highest Saponin content from the aqua extract of the ethyl acetate fraction was 2977.27 mg/100gr. The highest phenol content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Bangli was 19716.1 mg/100 gr. The highest flavonoid content from the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 13704.7 mg/100 gr. The highest antioxidant content of the aqua extract of the methanol fraction from Tabanan was 62.3067 ppm.Conclusion: Total alkaloids of kirinyuh leaves in Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan were significantly different with p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), tannins with p value = 0.000, phenols with p value = 0.006, flavonoids with p value = 0.000 and antioxidants with p value. p=0.000. Saponins in extracts from Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan there was no significant difference because the value of p=0,252 (p>0,05). Latar Belakang: Daun kirinyuh ( Chromolaena odorata L. ) sebagai obat tradisional digunakan untuk penyembuhan luka. Kirinyuh  mudah didapat karena dapat tetap tumbuh baik di daerah yang kurang subur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil uji kualitatif dan kuntitatif zat aktif dalam ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) yang tumbuh di propinsi Bali.Metode: penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen dengan rancangan completely randomized with post test only control group design. Sampel penelitian yaitu daun kirinyuh dari tiga wilayah di provinsi Bali berdasarkan geomorfologi. Hasil uji kualitatif  ekstrak etanol dan air daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata L.) fraksi methanol dan etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tannin, fenol, flavonoid dan antioksidan.Hasil: Hasil uji kuantitatif kadar alkaloid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Jimbaran, yaitu 11.690,49 mg/100 gr. Kadar tannin terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 172777 mg/100 gr.  Kadar Saponin terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi etil asetat yaitu 2977,27 mg/100gr. Kadar fenol terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Bangli, yaitu 19716,1 mg/100 gr. Kadar flavonoid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 13704,7 mg/100 gr.  Kadar antioksidan terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi metanol dari Tabanan, yaitu 62,3067 ppm.Simpulan: Total alkaloid daun kirinyuh Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), tannin dengan nilai p=0,000, fenol dengan nilai p=0,006, flavonoid dengan nilai p=0,000 dan antioksidan dengan nilai p=0,000.  Saponin dalam ekstrak dari Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna karena nilai p=0,252 (p>0,05).