bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’œil diagnostique
Authors: Pentimalli Barbara
Published: September 2020

Cet article repose sur une recherche ethnographique menée dans un laboratoire d’hémodynamique d’un grand hôpital italien effectuant des coronographies et des angioplasties. En adoptant les approches des Social Studies of Scientific Imaging and Visualization et des Workplace Studies, il dévoile comment médecins, techniciens en radiologie et infirmiers apprennent et développent cet « œil diagnostique » capable de remarquer – à l’aide de technologies d’imagerie médicale – les indices suspects signalant une pathologie coronaire. L’article analyse aussi le parcours de l’ethnographe qui, côtoyant les professionnels, apprend progressivement à distinguer dans les images certains de ces éléments pertinents. On verra ainsi que la compétence à repérer les signes d’une pathologie repose sur un apprentissage pratique et situé pour interpréter non seulement ce qui se passe dans l’espace perceptuel de l’écran mais aussi dans l’espace interactionnel partagé avec les collègues en coprésence. Cela comporte en effet l’usage de ressources sémiotiques multimodales – instructions langagières, métaphores et jugements esthétiques, gestes de pointage, orientations du regard, manipulation d’artefacts – rendant mutuellement visibles et intelligibles les détails pertinents des ramifications du cœur apparaissant à l’écran.
(Sa)voir, voiler, valoir
Authors: Munz Hervé
Published: September 2020

Comment exercer ou apprendre un métier alors que l’accès visuel à ses composantes est stratégiquement obstrué ou empêché par autrui ? Dans l’optique de répondre à cette question, le présent article s’intéresse à la formation du regard professionnel chez les horloger·ère·s de l’industrie des montres suisses. S’inscrivant dans la lignée de travaux en sciences humaines et sociales qui questionnent les rapports entre voir, savoir et appartenir, l’article examine la façon dont les horloger·ère·s acquièrent un certain regard expert en faisant l’expérience de problèmes de visibilité induits par des pratiques de voilement commises par des pairs (secrets, dissimulations, masquages mais également silences et non-dits). Sur la base de récits et d’observations collectés au cours d’une ethnographie de quatre années, menée avec des professionnel-le-s et des apprenti·e·s dans des entreprises, des écoles et des foires professionnelles de l’Arc jurassien suisse, l’article entend montrer que les voilements constituent certaines des modalités particulières par lesquelles le savoir voir des horloger·ère·s et le regard professionnel qu’il fonde, se façonnent, s’apprennent et se transmettent.
The Factory of Gaze
Authors: Pentimalli Barbara , Rémery Vanessa
Published: September 2020

This introduction to the Special Issue explores the landscape of the anthropology of gaze by showing how it is defined as a semiotic activity at the heart of professional expertise. It points out the originality of the papers included in this Special Issue: documenting the socio-material forms of teaching beginners the ability to see through the prism of professions whose “ways of seeing” are tested, questioned, and reshaped in their foundations and boundaries. Some transversal topics are discussed such as the construction of the ability to see, its multisensorial and multimodal dimension, methodologies for exploring the learning and development of professional vision, and finally the technical and technological artifacts supporting it. The aim is to highlight the diversity of fields and approaches which explore the role of visual skills in the production, diffusion, and transformation of the “ways of seeing” characterizing different communities of practice.
IoT and Blockchain in Indian Perspective
Authors: Chauhan Dipti , Jain Jay Kumar
Published: September 2020

Internet of things (IoT) is a collection of smart equipment that creates a smart world. It has not just changed the way we interact with important devices but has also enhanced the potential of these devices. A major limitation of IoT is that it relies on centralized communication models. Traditional IoT solutions require high infrastructure and maintenance costs, which result in scalability problems. Moreover, the vulnerability of cloud servers and their failure can affect the IoT system. There is still no one platform that connects all devices. The peer-to-peer communication model instead of the standard server/client one can be the sustainable solution the IoT industry is looking for. The major challenge with the peer-to-peer networks is security. This is where the use of blockchain in IoT can help the IoT industry scale up in a sustainable way. Indeed, blockchain and IoT together can handle a portion of IoT's greatest difficulties. The main objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of IoT and Blockchain in Indian perspectives.
Cognitive Functions in the Geriatric Population
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Nehra Ashima
Published: September 2020

This chapter describes how one of the challenging issues of clinical diagnosis is distinguishing between the cognitive deficits manifested in normal aging, depression, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. The diagnostic challenge is that there is a great deal of overlap in the symptom constellations of these conditions. It is thus important to establish conceptual and clinical criteria with sufficient predictive validity to accurately identify differences and similarities in cognitive states to justify initiation of appropriate treatments.
Electroencephalogram Signal Analysis in Alzheimer's Disease Early Detection
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro Miguel , Freitas Diamantino Rui , Teixeira João Paulo , Alves Dílio , Garrett Carolina
Published: September 2020

The World's health systems are now facing a global problem known as Alzheimer's disease (AD) that mainly affects the elderly. The goal of this work is to perform a classification methodology skilled with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to improve the discrimination accuracy amongst patients at AD different stages comparatively to the state-of-art. For that, several study features that characterized the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals “slow-down” were extracted and presented to the ANN entries in order to classify the dataset. The classification results achieved in the present work are promising concerning AD early diagnosis and they show that EEG can be a good tool for AD detection (Controls (C) vs AD: accuracy 95%; C vs Mild-cognitive Impairment (MCI): accuracy 77%; MCI vs AD: accuracy 83%; All vs All: accuracy 90%).
Early Detection of Electroencephalogram Temporal Events in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro Miguel , Freitas Diamantino , Teixeira João Paulo , Alves Dílio , Garrett Carolina
Published: September 2020

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is considered one of the most debilitating illness in modern societies and the leading cause of dementia. This study is a new approach to detect early AD Electroencephalogram (EEG) temporal events in order to improve early AD diagnosis. For that, Self-Organized Maps (SOM) were used, and it was found that there are sequences of EEG energy variation, characteristic of AD, that appear with high incidence in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients. Those AD events are related to the first cognitive changes in patients that interfered with the normal EEG signal pattern. Moreover, there are significant differences concerning the propagation time of those events between the study groups(p=0.0082<0.05), meaning that, as AD progresses the brain dynamics are progressively affected, what is expected because AD causes brain atrophy.
Early Detection of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Devi Debashree , Biswas Saroj K. , Purkayastha Biswajit
Published: September 2020

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that occurs due to corrosion of the substantia nigra, located in the thalamic region of the human brain, and is responsible for transmission of neural signals throughout the human body by means of a brain chemical, termed as “dopamine.” Diagnosis of PD is difficult, as it is often affected by the characteristics of the medical data of the patients, which include presence of various indicators, imbalance cases of patients' data records, similar cases of healthy/affected persons, etc. Through this chapter, an intelligent diagnostic system is proposed by integrating one-class SVM, extreme learning machine, and data preprocessing technique. The proposed diagnostic model is validated with six existing techniques and four learning models. The experimental results prove the combination of proposed method with ELM learning model to be highly effective in case of early detection of Parkinson's disease, even in presence of underlying data issues.
IoT in the Field of Healthcare
Authors: Govinda K.
Published: September 2020

The chapter at first focuses on IoT being used in healthcare in general and then it moves to Parkinson's disease, specifically, and how people with it can be benefitted by IoT.
Using Technology to Empower People With Multiple Sclerosis (MS) to Make Shared Decisions About Managing Their Own Healthcare
Authors: King Helen , Slattery Darina M.
Published: September 2020

In 2014, the UK National Health Service (NHS) ‘Five Year Forward View' plan set out key objectives to reform the NHS, which included empowering the population as a whole (particularly those with long-term health conditions) to take more responsibility for managing their own healthcare and introducing initiatives to use technology to improve services and reduce costs. The “Long Term Plan” explains how the 2014 initiatives will be further developed. This chapter presents a review of literature on digital health information and information usability. It presents the key findings from a mixed methods study that explored how people with MS (PwMS) access and use health digital information when trying to manage their MS. While the study found that there is much good quality digital health information available for PwMS, and that this facilitates shared decisions, some necessary information is still missing. The chapter concludes with recommendations for digital health information providers.
What Can Fitness Apps Teach Us About Group Privacy?
Authors: Metzger Miriam J. , Suh Jennifer Jiyoung , Reid Scott , El Abbadi Amr
Published: September 2020

This chapter begins with a case study of Strava, a fitness app that inadvertently exposed sensitive military information even while protecting individual users' information privacy. The case study is analyzed as an example of how recent advances in algorithmic group inference technologies threaten privacy, both for individuals and for groups. It then argues that while individual privacy from big data analytics is well understood, group privacy is not. Results of an experiment to better understand group privacy are presented. Findings show that group and individual privacy are psychologically distinct and uniquely affect people's evaluations, use, and tolerance for a fictitious fitness app. The chapter concludes with a discussion of group-inference technologies ethics and offers recommendations for fitness app designers.
Intersections of Integrated STEM and Socio-Scientific Issues
Authors: Roehrig Gillian , Keratithamkul Khomson , Hiwatig Benny Mart R.
Published: September 2020

Current policy documents across the world call for changes in K-12 science teaching to use integrated STEM strategies to provide a more authentic learning environment for students. Though the importance of integrated STEM education is established through national and international policy documents, there remains disagreement on focus, models, and effective approaches for integrated STEM instruction. A primary focus of STEM policies is addressing STEM workforce issues. However, other important foci for global STEM initiatives are more equitable education, poverty reduction, and increased STEM literacy and awareness. This chapter critiques current implementations of STEM as focused only on technical aspects of engineering design which will not meet any of the goals of integrated STEM. Rather, the authors propose that integration of SSI into STEM lessons will promote the social thinking necessary in engineering design and enhance work toward achieving not only STEM workforce preparation, but also increased STEM literacy and equity within STEM.
300–500 Threshold of Context Memory and Assumption Experiment
Authors: Harada Nobuyoshi
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates the threshold of context memory on numbers 300 through 500 regarding perspective with assumption experiment and theories of cognitive semantics and short-term memory. Context generation became possible with text database with lexical engineering system on artificial intelligence (AI). It was realized an infinite and continuous presentation of context. Several context presentations realized the limitation of context memory on the process of continuous context presentation on numbers 500 and 2,000, as well as the representation process with judgement for memory. The first report studied the context generating machine for Japanese pun generation. This was termed “Class B engine” or “Dajare Machine.” This study focused on the examination of the context threshold using an experiment of human brain mapping on an auditory evoked magnetic field (AEF) of a magnetic encephalogram. It also focused on the analysis of the theory of cognitive semantics and folk biology, using a theory of short-term memory of the “magical number seven.”
Bargaining Chip
Authors: Dobrijević Gordana
Published: September 2020

Negotiation is one of the basic forms of interpersonal communication, especially important in contemporary business. Although we assume that only humans can engage in negotiations, there are many negotiation support systems and software agents designed to assist human negotiators before and during the process. They were developed to overcome human cognitive biases and limited ability to handle information. They can support human negotiators, but also be used in place of humans to carry out negotiations on their own. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of different types of electronic negotiation, most recent advances in that area, some challenges in electronic negotiation, and interaction between humans and agents in negotiation.
Non-Invasive Personalized In-Store Location-Based Marketing
Authors: Dentamaro Vincenzo , Impedovo Donato , Pirlo Giuseppe , Abbattista Giacomo , Gattulli Vincenzo , Buscicchio Cosimo Alessandro , Fiore Claudia Maria
Published: September 2020

This chapter shows a practical end-to-end solution that allows the integration of noninvasive location-based marketing advertisements finally binding physical and virtual in-store customer presence. The goal of the solution is to digitalize the business and improve the customer experience with the indoor proximity-based iBeacon technology for personalized marketing advertising. The architecture uses cheap battery powered iBeacon devices, Android App and a recommender system for sending noninvasive advertisement in the right moment to the right customer. The intelligent combination of loyalty programs, personalized location-based marketing campaigns, and connection to existing CRM systems will enable the desirable increase in customer loyalty by also creating ideal circumstances for custom omnichannel marketing.
Study on Indian Stock Market Performance Based on Commodities
Authors: N. Deepika , Mundukur Nirupama Bhat , Paul Victer
Published: September 2020

A stock exchange facilitates trading shares of pubicly listed companies. The trading process is operated through two non-separable and mutually supporting segments called as primary and secondary markets, governed by the Security and Exchange Board of India abbreviated as SEBI. The platform which forms and sale the new securities is known as primary market and the platform in which dealings of these previously issued securities is known as secondary market. Stock market or equity market is the area that facilitates the trading of the publicly listed security shares in the secondary market, and as of now, more than 1300 securities are available in the exchange for trading. The trading process is analyzed using trading ring in earlier days. The authors focus on analyzing the effect of dollar sell, dollar purchase, and commodities price under the oil and gas group crude oil on Indian stock indices.
Denial-of-Service and Botnet Analysis, Detection, and Mitigation
Authors: Sikkanan Sobana , Kasthuri M.
Published: September 2020

The internet is designed for processing and forwarding of any packet in a best effort manner. The packets carried by the internet may be malicious or not. Most of the time, internet architecture provides an unregulated path to victims. Denial-of-service (DoS) attack is the most common critical threat that causes devastating effects on the internet. The Botnet-based DoS attack aims to exhaust both the target resources and network bandwidth, thereby making the network resources unavailable for its valid users. The resources are utilized by either injecting a computer virus or flooding the network with useless traffic. This chapter provides a systematic analysis of the causes of DoS attacks, including motivations and history, analysis of different attacks, detection and protection techniques, various mitigation techniques, the limitations and challenges of DoS research areas. Finally, this chapter discusses some important research directions which will need more attention in the near future to guarantee the successful defense against DoS attacks.
A Detailed Study on Security Concerns of VANET and Cognitive Radio VANETs
Authors: Manikandakumar M. , Sri Subarnaa D. K.  , Monica Grace R.
Published: September 2020

Wireless ad hoc networks are dynamic networks in which nodes can move freely in the network. A new type of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) that allows smart transport system to provide road security and reduces traffic jams through automobile-to-automobile and automobile-to-roadside communication. In this, vehicles rely on the integrity of received data for deciding when to present alerts to drivers. Because of wireless network the VANET messages are vulnerable to many attacks and the security concerns are also major issues. So, with respect to these methods, this article will discuss the Denial of Service (DoS) attack, masquerading, and their vulnerabilities. Also, it classifies the securities and their prevention mechanisms in overcoming these security issues in VANET and Cognitive Radio VANET perspectives.
Design and Development of Secured Framework for Efficient Routing in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
Authors: Rath Mamata , Pati Bibudhendu , Pattanayak Binod Kumar
Published: September 2020

Due to many challenging issues in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), such as high mobility and network instability, this has led to insecurity and vulnerability to attacks. Due to dynamic network topology changes and frequent network re-configuration, security is a major target in VANET research domains. VANETs have gained significant attention in the current wireless network scenario, due to their exclusive characteristics which are different from other wireless networks such as rapid link failure and high vehicle mobility. In this are, the authors present a Secured and Safety Protocol for VANET (STVAN), as an intelligent Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV)-based routing mechanism that prevents the Denial of Service attack (DoS) and improves the quality of service for secured communications in a VANET. In order to build a STVAN, the authors have considered a smart traffic environment in a smart city and introduced the concept of load balancing over VANET vehicles in a best effort manner. Simulation results reveal that the proposed STVAN accomplishes enhanced performance when compared with other similar protocols in terms of reduced delay, better packet delivery ratio, reasonable energy efficiency, increased network throughput and decreased data drop compared to other similar approach.
Interdisciplinary Training and Mentoring for Cyber Security in Companies
Authors: Hamburg Ileana
Published: September 2020

Cyber security is interdisciplinary, and it is to expect that security professionals and other employees working with computers to have suitable knowledge. In this chapter an interdisciplinary training program in cyber security curriculum and an interdisciplinary mentoring program to be included in entrepreneurial learning will be proposed. It helps to produce synergy in groups and generates ideas to solve complex problems. Entrepreneurial learning is a basis for education of entrepreneurs, and it should also include such interdisciplinary programs. The author explained the advantages of interdisciplinary training and mentoring programs in this context particularly in the field of cyber security. Such programs are missing both in education as well as in companies. Two examples of European projects with the participation of the author will be done to improve entrepreneurial education and training and encourage SMEs to be innovative. The programs are supported by digital learning platforms, and interdisciplinary trainers and mentors help the learners. The main method is interdisciplinary problem-based learning (IPBL).
Oblivion Is Full of Memory
Authors: Marcos Anabelen Casares
Published: September 2020

The right to informational self-determination has raised bitter debate over the last decade as to the opportunity and possible scope of the right to demand withdrawal from the internet of personal information which, while true, might represent a detriment that there is no legal duty to put up with. The leading case in this topic is that of Mario Costeja, Judgment of the EU Court of Justice, May 13, 2014. The interest of recent European jurisprudence lies not so much in the recognition of such a right but in the appreciation of certain limits to its implementation, assisting data protection authorities in balancing the rights at stake in each case. Reflection on the current status of the issue considers rights and duties imposed in the matter by Regulation (EU) 2016/679, of 27 April, known as the new General Data Protection Regulation.
Score-Level Multimodal Biometric Authentication of Humans Using Retina, Fingerprint, and Fingervein
Authors: Srivastava Rohit
Published: September 2020

This paper characterizes a multi-modular framework for confirmation, dependent on the biometric combination of retina, finger vein, and unique mark acknowledgment. The authors have proposed feature extraction in retina acknowledgment model by utilizing SIFT and MINUTIA. Security is the fundamental idea in ATM (Automated Teller Machines) today. The use of multi-modular biometrics can be ATM. The work includes three biometric attributes of a client to be specific retina, unique mark, and finger veins. These are pre-prepared and joined (fused) together for score level combination approach. Retina is chosen as a biometric attribute as there are no parallel retina feature matches except if they are of the comparative client; likewise, retina has a decent vessel design making it a decent confirming methodology when contrasted with other biometric attributes. Security is found in the framework by multi-modular biometric combination of retina with finger vein and unique finger impression. Feature extraction approach and cryptography are utilized so as to accomplish security. The element extraction is finished with the assistance of MINUTIA and SIFT calculation, which are at that point characterized utilizing deep neural network (DNN). The element key focuses are intertwined at score level utilizing separation normal and later matched. The test result assessed utilizing MATLAB delineates the significant improvement in the presentation of multi-modular biometric frameworks with higher qualities in GAR and FAR rates.
Scalable Recommendation Using Large Scale Graph Partitioning With Pregel and Giraph
Authors: Bathla Gourav , Aggarwal Himanshu , Rani Rinkle
Published: September 2020

Social Big Data is generated by interactions of connected users on social network. Sharing of opinions and contents amongst users, reviews of users for products, result in social Big Data. If any user intends to select products such as movies, books, etc., from e-commerce sites or view any topic or opinion on social networking sites, there are a lot of options and these options result in information overload. Social recommendation systems assist users to make better selection as per their likings. Recent research works have improved recommendation systems by using matrix factorization, social regularization or social trust inference. Furthermore, these improved systems are able to alleviate cold start and sparsity, but not efficient for scalability. The main focus of this article is to improve scalability in terms of locality and throughput and provides better recommendations to users with large-scale data in less response time. In this article, the social big graph is partitioned and distributed on different nodes based on Pregel and Giraph. In the proposed approach ScaleRec, partitioning is based on direct as well as indirect trust between users and comparison with state-of-the-art approaches proves that statistically better partitioning quality is achieved using proposed approach. In ScaleRec, hyperedge and transitive closure are used to enhance social trust amongst users. Experiment analysis on standard datasets such as Epinions and LiveJournal proves that better locality and recommendation accuracy is achieved by using ScaleRec.
Searching Through Silos
Authors: Cook Shelley Barbara , Cochrane Logan , Corbett Jon
Published: September 2020

As participatory mapping evolves encompassing new technologies and incorporating new terminology to describe varying approaches, it is important to examine whether all practitioners of participatory mapping belong to the same community of practice guided by shared principles. The researchers explore the narrative of participatory mapping as a coherent, unified discipline. They do this by assessing the landscape of the literature on participatory mapping practices across two scholarly search platforms – Google Scholar and Web of Science. In each platform, they searched the same terms that are commonly associated with participatory mapping. The researchers' findings suggest participatory mapping lacks coherence as a unified method. They note a lack of overlap in top cited publications, indicating that what counts as legitimate knowledge regarding participatory mapping and its practice differs depending on the platform. Implications for participatory mapping theory and practice are discussed.
Allocation of Residential Areas in Smart Insular Communities
Authors: Papadopoulou Chrysaida-Aliki , Hatzichristos Thomas
Published: September 2020

Smart cities and communities constitute urban environments where cities' potential, ICTs, and human capital are intelligently interconnected under the framework of sustainability. Citizens form a city's identity while ICTs support the smart management of citizens' needs. ‘Smart people' is among the main dimensions of a smart city, something that entails the active role of citizens during the development of infrastructures and decision-making processes. This paper focuses on the smart exploration of possible residential areas in the island of Mykonos (Greece). Emphasis is placed on the effective management of land, the protection of natural resources, and the establishment of a sustainable pattern of housing development. The problem is analysed with the support of a methodological approach that incorporates crowdsourcing, living labs, and participatory evaluation as the main components of its backbone. Geographical Information Systems and multi-criteria decision analysis are also utilized as an integrated Spatial Decision Support System.
Planning Mobility on Transboundary Shrinking Towns
Authors: Alfaya Luciano , Muniz Patricia , Wilkes David , Martinez Antia , Fernandez Camilo
Published: September 2020

Mobility plans have become an essential instrument for the urban planning of cities. Compared to other documents and by focusing on the improvement of public spaces, these plans can work as strategic documents for cities of diverse scales, especially in municipalities that decrease and consequentially cannot trust their reorganization to new developments. This article poses the double objective of assessing the differences between proximity planning in five plans carried out in small-size Spanish municipalities, and spatial planning in the Galicia-North of Portugal transboundary plan. To this end, the results of the surveys carried out and the origin-destination matrixes are analyzed, looking closely at the similarities obtained between the digital and the on-site data. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that the digital data is useful regarding urban planning for territories with dispersed population, even where two countries are involved.
Determinants of the Effective Use of UGC (User-Generated Content) on Hotel Room Bookings by Portuguese Travellers
Authors: Bernardino Susana , Santos J. Freitas , Ribeiro José Cadima , Freitas André
Published: September 2020

The presence of user generated content (UGC) on online platforms of hotel room booking operators is changing the way consumers book a hotel room. After a critical evaluation of the technology acceptance models (TAM), the authors discuss the variables that will be employed to predict the effective use of online hotel room bookings by Portuguese travellers. The empirical investigation consists of a linear regression model that was built in order to analyse the data obtained from an online survey of 624 customers of the website Booking.com. The results showed that attitude towards UGC and the perceived ease to use of UGC are important determinants on the buyer's decision-making process of booking a hotel room. This result shows the relevance of UGC (ratings and reviews) for online booking operators, as UGC could influence the booking of a particular hotel room. Further, the result also brings important implications for hotel managers that pay less attention to the feedback of the customers.
The Factors of Why the People of Pakistan Do Not Purchase Paid Apps
Authors: Gillani Umar Farooq , Khan Muhammad Ishfaq , Ishaq Manzar Waseem , Aziz Kashif , Akram Muhammad Nawas
Published: September 2020

Despite the huge growth potential that has been predicted for purchase intention toward paid apps and the mobile game market, little is known about what motivates game players to make such purchases. The purpose of this article is to build a research model based on the satisfaction literature and studies of value theory to identify the antecedents of paid app purchase intention in the context of mobile games. The proposed model was empirically tested and uses data from 310 players of different games groups. Multiple regression, Process Macro, and moderation regression were used to measure the research model. The results tell that satisfaction to the mobile game has a significant influence on a player's intention to make paid app purchase. The perceived values of the game have a direct influence on the satisfaction of all players but appear to have relatively moderation impact of price have significant negative impact on the purchase intentions of players. Specifically, our study revealed a high price decrease the purchase intention of a satisfied player.
Analysis of Challenges Responsible for the Slow Pace of Industry 4.0 Diffusion
Authors: Chauhan Chetna , Singh Amol
Published: September 2020

The pace of Industry 4.0 adoption in manufacturing industries has been slow as it is accompanied by several barriers, specifically in the emerging economies. The current study intends to identify and understand the landscape of these challenges. Further, this paper prioritizes the challenges on the basis of their relative importance. To achieve this objective, the authors combine the fuzzy delphi approach along with the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is done to enhance robustness of the findings. The global rankings of the challenges reveal that the most significant factors that hamper the full realization of smart manufacturing include cybersecurity, privacy risks, and enormously high number of technology choices available in the market. The analysis offers insights into the reasons for the slow diffusion of smart manufacturing systems and the results would assist managers, policymakers, and technology providers in the advent of manufacturing digitalization.
Optimization of Text Feature Selection Process Based on Advanced Searching for News Classification
Authors: Kyaw Khin Sandar , Limsiroratana Somchai
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, the culture for accessing news around the world is changed from paper format to electronic and the rate of publication for newspapers and magazines on websites have increased dramatically. Therefore, the feature selection process from high-dimensional text feature set for an automatic news classification model is becoming the top challenge because irrelevant features can degrade the accuracy with high cost computation time for classification model. In this article, six-advanced search policies based on evolutionary, swarm intelligence, nature-inspired intelligence are observed for achieving the global optimal feature subset for optimal accuracy in news classification problem. According to the experimental results, the advanced search schemes that can provide flexibility in integrating classifier in accordance with its objective function such as optimal classification performance by adjusting the rate of modification parameters for the testing data.
Effect of Welding Parameters on the Tensile Strength of the Weld-Deposition Layer
Authors: Trung Do Thanh , Minh Pham Son , Nguyen Cong Chinh
Published: September 2020

In general, tensile strength is an important factors when evaluating the quality of a product. In this study, samples are created using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technology. WAAM technology is a combination of Metal Active Gas welding technology and Computer numerical control technology, and is used to create products with a near net shape. Experimental process parameters, such as welding speed and welding current, are implemented and a deposition layer test is performed, where samples are deposited, layer-upon-layer, and then face milled to ensure the correct dimensions are achieved before subsequent deposition. Using specialized testing equipment, specific data is obtained in order to determine the tensile strength of the sample. Statistical methods are then used to process the data and establish the effect of the parameters on the tensile strength of the sample.
Nanoparticles Size in Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 Melt
Authors: Tsepelev Vladimir S. , Starodubtsev Yuri N. , Wu Kai Ming , Kochetkova Yekaterina A.
Published: September 2020

The size of the nanoparticles participating in the viscous flow and the diffusion coefficient were calculated using statistical mechanical theory of absolute reaction rates and the Arrhenius equation. As experimental data, temperature dependence of the kinematic viscosity and density of Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 melt was used. At a temperature of 1600 K, after the melt is overheated above the critical temperature Tk = 1770 K, the nanoparticles size decreases from 0.92 to 0.47 nm, and the diffusion coefficient increases from 2.4·10-10 to 4.5·10-10 m2·s-1.
Microstructural Evolution of Laser-Welded Dissimilar Lap Joints of Martensitic Abrasion Resistant Steel and Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Hietala Mikko , Hamada Atef S. , Keskitalo Markku , Jaskari Matias , Järvenpää Antti
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates the effect of the energy input on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of laser-welded dissimilar lap joints of cold work-hardened austenitic stainless steel (CW-ASS) and martensitic abrasion resistant steel (AR600). Microstructure characterization of the welds was conducted using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction in a scanning electron microscope. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of the dissimilar lap joints were determined using microhardness measurements and tensile tests. The microstructure observations show that the phase structure in the fusion zone (FZ) is predominantly ferritic at both energy inputs. Besides, the solidification microstructure in the FZ resembles the cast structure composed of cellular and columnar dendrites with exhibiting elemental segregations. The hardness reaches its peak in the FZ. However, the FZ near AR600 steel exhibited higher hardness values than that near CW-ASS. The dissimilar lap joints welded at low energy input 160 J/mm achieved a higher shear strength than those welded at high energy input 320 J/mm due to the softening of the weld in the former lap joint.
The Ternary Blends of TPS/PBAT/PLA Films: A Study on the Morphological and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Phattarateera Supanut , Junsook Nantaya , Kumsang Pramote , Aontee Ajcharaporn , Kerddonfag Noppadon
Published: September 2020

This study investigated the effect of polylactic acid (PLA) on the mechanical properties and biodegradability of a ternary blend comprising of thermoplastic starch (TPS), Polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and PLA. The binary blend (TPS/PBAT) and ternary blend (TPS/PBAT/PLA) with various contents of PLA were prepared through a twin-screw compounding using an intensive mixing screw design. In order to observe the microstructure in blends, the SEM observation revealed the two types of morphology in the blends including (1) some TPS domain that still remained immiscible in all blends and (2) the partially compatible of binary and ternary blends. For the mechanical properties of the blends, the addition of the PLA component led to an improvement of the tensile strength and modulus. For the simple soil burial test, it found that binary film was fully disintegrated within one month, whereas the ternary blend films were also broken down but still remained in small pieces of fragile films. Finally, it can be suggested that the presence of TPS brought to the biodegradation of blends in soil burial test, while incorporating with PLA led to retardation in degradation rate.
Effect of Zeolite on Mechanical and Barrier Properties of PBAT Films for Life Extension of Agricultural Products
Authors: Threepopnatkul Poonsub , Wongsuton Kamonchanok , Jaiaue Chonlada , Rakkietwinai Nattanan , Stittatrakul Amnard , Kulsetthanchalee Chanin
Published: September 2020

In this research, the biodegradable film of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) would be used as the polymer matrix. The influence of zeolite (as the filler) type and content were investigated on the mechanical and barrier properties of film packaging. Zeolite was treated with (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxy silane. Films were produced by cast film extruder. Effects of different types of zeolite (5A and 13X) as well as zeolite loading (1-5 wt%) on mechanical properties and permeability of gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor) of PBAT composites films have been extensively studied. Tensile properties of PBAT incorporated with zelolite 5A are higher than the one with zeolite 13X. In addition, increasing zeolite content into PBAT film is likely to improve Young’s modulus with the sacrifices of both tensile strength and percentage of elongation at break of PBAT film. For barrier properties, PBAT/zeolite 5A possessed lower permeation both of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases than PBAT/zeolite 13X. The effect of zeolite content plays a major role on oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability of composite films. PBAT/zeolite composite film could certainly extend the ripening period of Homthong bananas for approximately longer than one week.
Verifying the Gas Heating Method for Injection Molding
Authors: Nguyen Truong Giang , Minh Pham Son , Tran Anh Son
Published: September 2020

In recently year, the plastic product is almost made by injection molding method. In this paper, a hot gas was used for mold heating with the gas temperature varied from 200°C to 400°C. The results showed that with three types of gas temperature, the heating rate is high in the first 20 s and the highest heating speed of 8.25°C/s could be achieved with 400°C gas. In all cases, the mold temperature has a limitation after 30 s of heating. In our experiment, the limitation of cavity temperature is 172.2°C. This cavity temperature is almost good for the melt flow in to the cavity, especially with the thin wall molding cases.
Structural Design and Dynamic Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Shaft with Metal Parts
Authors: Yang Wei Bo , Wu Hua Chun , Zhou Jian , Zhang Jin Guang
Published: September 2020

It is important to improve dynamic performance of rotating machinery by reducing the mass of shaft and increasing the natural frequency. Many studies have focused on dynamic characteristics of shaft in rotating machinery with the utilization of composite material. This paper mainly investigates the structural design and dynamic analysis of a CFRP/Metal hybrid shaft. The finite element method (FEM) has been used to determine the selection of design variables include fiber orientation angle, layers stacking sequence and layers thickness. Also, experimental test was carried out using a FFT analyzer with impact hammers. The differences between the FEM analysis result and the experiment test result were respectively less than 4.5% and 6.3% for the first two natural frequencies; therefore, the results of FEM analysis are acceptable. The results reveal that the fiber orientation angle is the most significant factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of CFRP/Metal hybrid shaft. In addition, there have some effect of the layer stacking sequence on natural frequency.
Multilayer Coatings Using Epoxy and Superabsorbent Polymer Composite Material with Self Healing Property
Authors: Melendres Ariel Verzosa , Espenilla Mel Bryan L. , Monsada Araceli Magsino , Cruz Rolan Pepito Vera
Published: September 2020

The property of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) was investigated as component of composite material for corrosion control application. The composite material is a multilayer coating consisting of SAP particles, epoxy and hardener. The absorption property of SAP at different concentrations of sodium chloride was measured. It included 3% NaCl concentration, which represent the concentration of salt in sea water, an environment which is corrosive to carbon steel. Results showed decreasing absorbency of SAP at increasing concentration of sodium chloride. Predetermined amount of SAP and epoxy were mixed to obtain a homogenous mixture after which the hardener was added and mixed homogenously to form the composite material’s main component. The composite material was studied for absorption properties in an HDPLE substrate and then later applied onto a carbon steel specimen of size 40 mm x 100 cm and thickness of 0.70 mm using paint brush forming a film on the carbon steel surface. After curing, the film was scratched with a definite length using a sharp knife. Immediately, the samples were exposed to cyclic immersion in 3% sodium chloride solution and subsequent drying to run the corrosion test. Results showed that the composite material was able to control corrosion on the surface of the carbon steel which could be attributed to its self-healing property.
Development of Conductive Packaging for Beverage Processing by Ohmic Heating
Authors: Suyraksa Sumuncharee , Kamonpatana Pitiya , Kerddonfag Noppadon , Sane Amporn , Chonhenchob Vanee
Published: September 2020

This study was aimed to develop conductive packaging for ohmic heating. Polypropylene (PP) was mixed with conductive material (CM) in the ratios of 70:30 (CM30), 75:25 (CM25), and 80:20 (CM20) (w/w), then the conductive bottles were developed using extrusion blow molding process. The bottles were suspended in different sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solutions (0.2, 0.3, and 0.5% w/w) as a transmitting current medium for ohmic heating and heated for 8 min. The CM30 and CM 25 had the highest electrical conductivity compared to the CM20, however the CM20 exhibited best processability, hence it was selected to be used for ohmic heating of orange juice. Different concentrations of Na2SO4 solutions had the effects on ohmic heating. The CM20 bottle suspended in 0.2% Na2SO4 solution resulted in the most uniform heating and suitable for ohmic processing of orange juice. The new conductive bottles developed could potentially be used for beverage processing by ohmic heating.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Properties and Microstructure of Alumina-Aluminum Cermet via Vacuum Sintering Method
Authors: Chen Ai Xia , Yang Chao , Wang Rui Hua , Wang Fang , Xu Ming Han , Li Shi Bin , Song Jie Guang , Chen Lin
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the effect on the properties of alumina/aluminum cermet by changing the sintering temperature, and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different characterization methods and their application range, it provides a reference for selecting the characterization technology suitable for alumina/aluminum composites.Through mixing, molding, sintering, sample preparation, scanning electron microscopic observation, energy spectrometer observation and analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: the higher the vacuum sintering temperature, the more aluminum material is melted out of the body to form aluminum balls on the surface, and the green body The more severe the cracking. When the sample is sintered at a temperature of 600 °C, the density is the highest and the appearance is the best. When the molding pressure is 40 MPa and the sintering temperature is 700 °C, the microstructure of the sintered alumina/aluminum cermet is better. It can be seen from SEM and EDS analysis that the particles are continuously distributed and the larger one is metal Al, and the particles are discontinuously distributed and finer is Al2O3.
Microstructure Evolution of As-Cast Nickel Aluminum Bronze under Electropulsing
Authors: Fang Jie , Song Guo Lin , Liu Wei , Li Qiu Lin
Published: September 2020

In this work, the microstructure evolution of as-cast NAB under different electropulsing parameters were studied. The microstructure of the electropulsing treatment (EPT) sample was characterized by mircohardness test and optical microscopy. The results show that compared with heat treatment, when the peak current density reaches 5.84×108A/m2 (no significant change in the structure when the peak current density is lower), the β' phase region undergo phase transition in a shorter time. When the peak current density reaches 7.25×108A/m2, the sample is significantly affected by the Joule heating effect, and the κⅢ and κⅣ phases are successively dissolved to form Widmanstätten α structure. As the β' phase increases and the Widmanstätten α structure forms, the hardness value of the microstructure increases by 80%.
Optimization of Protoplast Formation, Regeneration, and Viability in Sorangium cellulosum
Authors: Gong Guo Li , Liu Zhi Qiang
Published: September 2020

Sorangium cellulosum can product many secondary metabolites that is unique structural and makes these microorganisms highly attractive for drug development, especially epothilone, on cancer cells a cytotoxic macrolide which is naturally produced by Soxhlet cellulose that have the action of microtubule stabilization, is a promising anticancer drug. In this research, the factors affecting the regeneration and preparation of the protoplast of Sorangium cellulosum were discussed, those were regeneration media, enzymes and osmotic stabilizers. This study provide the distruction for improving the production of epothilone through genome shuffling, mutation, fusion and transformation.