bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obraz Rosji w blogach literackich pisarzy rosyjskich
Authors: Karwacka Monika
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to Russian writers who attempt to construct the image of contemporary Russia in the blogosphere. Blogs created by Prilepin, Griskhovets and Glukhovsky are analysed as a tool of creating the basis of modern national imaginary community. Literary blogs presented in cyberspace contribute to spreading the perception of Russia as an empire in the context of cultural and historical heritage. Aesthetic diversity and mental approach of the writers provides varied material to reconstruct the image of Russia. Although each of the bloggers has an individual idea of further development of their native country their presentations can be characterised by immanent features of Russian literary environment.
Image of Kaliningrad (Königsberg) in British media
Authors: Utkina Larisa
Published: March 2021

The article builds up the image of Kaliningrad (Königsberg) on the basis of publications in modern British media (BBC News, the Times and several others) of the last 3 decades. The articles were selected by key-words Search (Kaliningrad/Königsberg/Kaliningrad- Königsberg). This method gave 70 stories from BBC News and 65 articles from The Times (some articles from the Guardian, the Independent and the Sun are also included). The techniques of creating the image with linguistic means are described. The historical, social, political, economic and cultural aspects of inculcating the image into the readers’ minds are dwelt on. The main topics discussed in the publications are: 1) World War 2; 2) German heritage in the city (I. Kant, etc.); 3) downs and ups in the development of the region; 4) military issues and worries of neighbor countries (Poland, Lithuania); 5) Soccer World Cup 2018 (Kaliningrad was one of its locations). Several other topics are also covered. The analysis, in general, shows that the image created does not look very positive, except for the fantastic atmosphere during World Cup.
Prescription de tramadol chez les enfants : une bonne alternative à la codéine ?
Authors: Rodieux F. , Besson M. , Piguet V. , Desmeules J. , Samer C.
Published: March 2021

La population pédiatrique est considérée comme vulnérable, et la prise en charge de la douleur nociceptive y est parfois complexe mais essentielle. Depuis 2013, la prescription de codéine est restreinte chez les enfants en raison du risque de dépression respiratoire parfois fatale lié à l’activité variable du cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 qui bioactive la codéine en morphine. Les options thérapeutiques approuvées chez l’enfant sont limitées, et pour nombre de prescripteurs, le tramadol est devenu l’alternative de choix à la codéine. Le tramadol est cependant, comme la codéine, un promédicament opioïde qui doit être bioactivé par le CYP2D6. Il est donc également soumis à une importante variabilité de sa réponse et expose les enfants aux mêmes risques de complications respiratoires. La décision de traiter par tramadol doit prendre en compte les comédications, les comorbidités du patient, le type de douleur et les conditions de surveillance. Les soignants et les parents doivent être informés des risques liés à l’administration du tramadol, notamment la variabilité interindividuelle, les risques d’interactions médicamenteuses et les signes de surdosage. Dans les situations de douleurs récurrentes, une approche personnalisée, avec adaptation des doses et sélection du médicament antalgique en fonction de l’activité du CYP2D6, est certainement la méthode la plus sûre. Lorsque l’activité du CYP2D6 n’est pas connue, la prescription de tramadol reste envisageable si le traitement est initié à la dose minimale efficace, titré sous surveillance et administré sous une forme posologique adaptée à l’enfant. Chez l’enfant de moins de 12 ans et en présence de facteurs de risque de dépression respiratoire, la morphine reste une option prudente, puisque son métabolisme ne dépend pas du CYP2D6.
Auffällig vitale Tannen in der subalpinen Stufe der nördlichen Randalpen
Authors: von Wyl Beat
Published: March 2021

Auffällig vitale Tannen in der subalpinen Stufe der nördlichen Randalpen

In den letzten Jahren wurden in Hochlagen vermehrt wüchsige, gesunde Tannen beobachtet. Hat das wärmere Klima einen Einfluss? Bringt dies dem Gebirgswald einen Nutzen?
Pengaruh Dana Desa Terhadap Akumulasi Kapital Di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Amin Saiful , Widaninggar Nanda
Published: March 2021

Dana Desa merupakan salah satu program kebijakan pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan pemerataan pembangunan di Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2015 penggunaan Dana Desa terus meningkat mulai dari 20,76 triliun pada tahun 2015 hingga 46,98 trilliun pada tahun 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyaluran dan penggunaan Dana Desa serta dampaknya terhadap peningkatan akumulasi kapital di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan konfirmatori karena peneliti mengkonfirmasi hubungan antara variabel-variabel penelitian dan menguji hipotesis yang dirumuskan sebelumnya. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equetion Modeling dengan bantuan software Lisrel 8.8. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 60 Desa di Kabupaten Bondowoso yang dipilih berdasarkan Purposive sampling (untuk memilih Kecamatan) dan simple random sampling (untuk memilih Desa/Responden). Hasil Penelitian menyatakan bahwa efektifitas penggunaan dana desa berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan akumulasi kapital bagi masyarakat desa di Kabupaten Bondowoso.Tingkat penggunaan dana desa yang dikelola secara tranparan, akuntabel, partisipatif dan bertanggung jawab dapat meningkatkan akumlasi capital yang meliputi investasi, produksi, pendapatan dan tabungan bagi masyarakat desa di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Influence of amplitude and phase imbalance of quadratures on the noise immunity of coherent reception of signals with quadrature amplitude modulation
Authors: Kulikov G. V. , Lelyukh A. A.
Published: March 2021

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is used for high-speed information transmission in many radio systems and, in particular, in DVB-S and DVB-S2/S2X digital satellite television systems. A receiver included as a part of the transmitting equipment of such systems has a block for the formation of quadrature oscillations used as a reference for signal demodulation. Due to hardware instabilities, amplitude and phase errors may occur, which leads to quadratures imbalance. These inaccuracies cause additional errors in the received signal demodulation. This can significantly degrade the noise immunity of the reception. The paper investigates the influence of amplitude and phase errors in the formation of quadrature oscillations (imbalance of quadratures) on the noise immunity of coherent reception of QAM signals. Using the methods of statistical radio engineering the parameters of the distributions of processes in the receiver are obtained, and the probability of a bit error is estimated. The dependences of the bit error probability on the amplitude unbalance factor, on the phase error of quadrature formation and on signal-to-noise ratio are obtained. It is shown that the amplitude imbalance of the quadratures leads to a significant decrease in the noise immunity of QAM signals reception  at M ≥  16. The acceptable amplitude deviation in this case can be considered to be equal to 5%. At M= 4, the amplitude imbalance in a wide range of values practically does not affect the noise immunity. The phase imbalance of  quadratures  markedly affects the noise immunity of coherent reception of QAM signals. The permissible phase error is no more than 0.05 rad (3 degrees). As the signals positionality increases, this influence also increases.
Development of measures to ensure the quality and safety of the production of bread from wheat flour using a dispersion of sprouted peas and beans of domestic selection
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Veber A.L. , Leonova S. A. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Zhdaneeva N. P. ,   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin,   The Orenburg State University, Nikiforova T. A.
Published: March 2021

The safety of manufacturing of bread from wheat flour with dispersion of sprouted beans and peas affects the safety of the entire process chain. The flowchart of the manufacturing process based on the results of the analysis and identification of hazardous factors has been repeatedly worked out; control points and operational programs of preconditions of the product manufacturing process are defined. Standard risk management based on the risk level of a hazard measures have been established to prevent, eliminate or reduce hazards to an acceptable level. The developed guidelines for ensuring quality and safety in the production of bread from wheat flour using a dispersion of sprouted beans or peas will allow enterprises to adjust the mechanisms for providing safe products.
Comparative characteristics of flour properties of grains of different grades and triticale sorts
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Dorofeeva E.A. , Kandrokov R.Kh. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Solov’ev A.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Begeulov M.Sh. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Igonin V.N. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the technological properties of grain in winter and spring triticale. The physicochemical properties of triticale grains of different varieties and varieties have been determined. The results of evaluating the cereal- forming and milling properties of the grain of the studied samples are presented, the grade of triticale flour is determined. The results obtained indicate the suitability of the grain of the studied varieties for baking purposes and can be used to further optimize the grinding and baking processes in the future
Hygrothermal probes are an effective and available tool for early detection of degradation and self- heating of stored grain
Authors:   Kuban Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Markov Yu.F.
Published: March 2021

The prerequisites for the mass use of hygrothermal probes as an affordable and effective tool for remote operational control of grain quality preservation of grain quality during its storage are considered as an alternative to the use of classical thermo probe, which are still widely used to monitor the state and identify centers of self-heating of grain stored in floor storage warehouses. Hygrothermal probe, with their budgetary availability, provide increased sensitivity in comparison with thermo probe and allow detecting self- heating of grain at its initial stages.
Research of the possibility of replacing sugar to sugar substitute in the recipe of cake from wheat flour
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Sagdeeva G.S. , Aisina R.I. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a study on replacing sugar with the sugar substitute «Stevia» in bakery and confectionery products, in particular, in muffins. In the course of test baking, the optimal concentration of the Stevia sweetener in the wheat flour cake recipe was determined, at which the finished confectionery product meets the requirements for organoleptic and physicochemical indicators for confectionery products. A comparative assessment of the energy value of a cake made from wheat flour with sugar and a sugar substitute «Stevia» is given.
PENYULUHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN SAYUR KANGKUNG (Ipomoea reptans) MELALUI SISTEM HIDROPONIK DI KELURAHAN ALANG-ALANG LEBAR KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Aminah Iin Siti , Rosmiah Rosmiah , Hawalid Heniyati , Yuningsih Lulu , Helmizuryani Helmizuryani
Published: March 2021

Hidroponik merupakan metode bercocok tanam tanpa menggunakan tanah. Tiga unsur utama dalam tanaman hidroponik yaitu, air, cahaya dan juga nutrisi. Selain air tanaman hidroponik juga menggunakan media-media tanam seperti, serabut kelapa, batu bata, arang sekam, pasir, rockwool,busa, dsb. Sistem hidroponik dapat memberikan suatu lingkungan pertumbuhan yang lebih terkontrol. Penyuluhan dilakukan melalui sosialisasi menerapkan cara bertanam secara sederhana dengan menggunakan limbah botol mineral sebagai media air untuk bertanam kangkung, yang dilakukan kepada warga di kelurahan Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang. Kegiatan dilakukan selama kurun waktu 17 Februari 2020 bersama mahasiswa KKN Angkatan ke 5 tahun 2020. Warga khususnya ibu-ibu yang tergabung dalam PKK Kelurahan begitu antusias dengan adanya kegiatan ini, karena dengan biaya yang murah terjangkau dan diperlukan bahan dan alat berupa limbah yang mudah didapat.
WESITE PENYEDIAN INFORMASI RUMAH KOS KAB.INHIL Studi Kasus: Sebagian Rumah Kos Yang Ada Di Tembilahan
Authors: Rianto Bayu
Published: March 2021

In connection with the development of information technology, naturally it will force the public to utilize the technology to the maximum extent possible from all aspects of life. Of course information varies, one of which is for students and students who will go to college or study in a place far from where they live. For this reason, it is clear at this time that students and students must immediately find a temporary residence to be used as their residence until the study is complete.

            The need for proper education has increased rapidly or significantly. Being aware of this, the author, builds a website-based boarding house information system, as a means of providing effective housing information for boarders, tenants, and managers Kons house to promote boarding houses that will be rented and manage everything related to boarding houses on the website quickly, easily, and up to date. Boarding house is a flat or single house that was built with the aim of being rented with a period of less than a month or annually or more. Website development uses the waterfall method, whereas for modeling using UML (unifield modeling language). The modeling languages ​​used are PHP and XAMPP for databases. Website Keb.Inhil Boarding House Information Provision is complemented by booking rented houses online to facilitate prospective boarding-dwellers without having to go straight to the field to order a boarding house.
IMPLEMENTASI AHP PEMILIHAN PENYELIA MITRA PETANI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PEDESAAN DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Ilyas Ilyas
Published: March 2021

Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan dan Ketahanan Pangan Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir merupakankelembagaan penyuluhan Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir.Bedasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di BP2KP, menunjukkan bahwa pihak BP2KP memiliki sistem evaluasi dan seleksi Penyelia Mitra Tani (PMT) sebelumnya yang hanya menekankan pada siapa yang mengajukan lebih dulu tanpa mempertimbangkan kemampuan dan kesanggupan daripeserta dalam pendampingan dan pelaporan dari setiap Gapoktan yang diawasi itu tadi. Sistem ini tentunya tidak menguntungkan bagi BP2KP ataupun orang yang memiliki keahlian sebagai penyelia mitra tani yang lain, karena kriteria yang digunakan dalam evaluasi dan seleksi penyelia belum menerapkan kriteria yang ada dalam aturan PUAP yang sangat mempengaruhi penilaian dan dapat digunakan untuk menilai kinerja penyelia nantinya. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini, peneliti mencoba untuk merancang suatu sistem evaluasi dan seleksi penyelia mitra tani dengan multi kriteria atau menggunakan kriteria yang sudah ditetapkan dalam PUAP. Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Processmerupakan  merupakan sistem pembuat keputusan dengan menggunakan model matematis. AHP membantu dalam menentukan prioritas dari beberapa kriteria dengan melakukan analisa perbandingan berpasangan dari masing-masing kriteria. Hasil perhitungan yang didapat bahwa Alternatifyang menjadi prioritas utama untuk dijadikan sebagai Penyelia Mitra Tani Agribisnis Pedesaan di Wilayah Tembilahan yaitu M. Rafai AH dengan nilai skor 0.363 atau dengan nilai persentase sebesar 36,6%. Kriteria yang memiliki nilai eigen tertinggi adalah Jenjang Pendidikan Formal Min D3 dengan dilai eigen0.350 atau 35%.
Modelo metacognitivo del estudiante para la generación de cursos personalizados
Authors: Domínguez de León Guillermo Rafael , Guzmán Arenas Adolfo
Published: March 2021

En muchos de los estudiantes se observa un marcado desconocimiento de los procesos cognitivos, afectivos y metacognitivos implicados en el aprendizaje significativo. En este trabajo se propone la utilización de un modelo metacognitivo del estudiante para conocer sus fortalezas y debilidades, por medio del cual se puede obtener un perfil metacognitivo que sirve como base para el diseño de cursos personalizados en sistemas de educación basados en Internet. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos al aplicar este modelo en una escuela de nivel superior. El modelo propuesto esta respaldo por instrumentos que han comprobado su confiabilidad y son reconocidos y aceptados a nivel internacional. La intención de esta investigación es proponer una herramienta de fácil aplicación en las escuelas para mejorar el desempeño del estudiante al personalizar los contenidos educativos de los cursos en función del grado de desarrollo de sus habilidades metacognitivas.

In many of the students a marked ignorance of their cognitive, affective and metacognitive processes involved in meaningful learning is observed. In this paper the use of a metacognitive student model is proposed to understand their strengths and weaknesses, through which you can get a metacognitive profile that serves as the basis for the design of custom courses in web based education systems. The results of applying this model at a university are presented. The proposed model is support by instruments that have proven their reliability and are recognized and internationally accepted. The purpose of this research is to propose a tool for easy implementation in schools to improve student performance by personalizing the educational content of the courses in the degree of development of their metacognitive skills.
Sistema de Aprendizaje Electrónico para niños con discapacidad: Caso T'aan K'ab
Authors: Aguas García Nancy , Álvarez Estrada José Enrique , Ordoñez Sánchez Orlando , Juárez López Cristian Miguel , Mariño Hernández Adriana de Jesús , Gómez González Adilene Vidalicia
Published: March 2021

Existen diversas herramientas de software para la enseñanza del LSM para niños pero la mayoría no funciona como un entorno completo de aprendizaje y sus contenidos no permiten al estudiante, profesor y padre de familia tener elementos de control y retroalimentación. Se propone el desarrollo de una herramienta web que sirva como plataforma, a las diversas herramientas de apoyo para LSM, contado con apartados de cursos y exámenes, medición del progreso, traductor, diccionario y cuentos, en busca de un entorno completo de aprendizaje a los niños con esta discapacidad.
Propuesta de un Simulador de Negocios para Estudiantes de Facultades Económico-Administrativas
Authors: Preciado Álvarez Francisco , Arcega Ponce Arquimides , Pedraza Farias Oscar
Published: March 2021

La creciente demanda en las áreas económico-administrativas en México, las dependencias de educación superior tienen presente la necesidad de capacitar a sus estudiantes de acuerdo a las necesidades de los empleadores, para ello, se realizó elanálisis, diseño y desarrollo de un simulador de negocios para que pueda ser utilizado por los estudiantes como herramienta de aprendizaje para desarrollar estrategias que les auxilien en la toma de decisiones. El simulador fue creado orientado a la web haciendo uso de tecnologías con licencia GNU y que forman parte de estándares internacionales propuestos por la w3c como son PHP, HTML y CSS. Se realizó una prueba del simulador para medir usabilidad del mismo haciendo uso de la escala SUS a 8 docentes del área y se documentaron los resultados.
Sistema WEB como recurso del proceso de Acreditación CONAIC de los Programas Académicos a Nivel Superior
Authors: Ortega Hernández Carmen Carolina , Feliciano Ávila Marconi
Published: March 2021

Actualmente la acreditación de las instituciones educativas públicas y privadas del país se ha convertido en una necesidad para medir la calidad y pertinencia de los programas académicos que ofertan a la sociedad, a través del cumplimiento de estándares y parámetros definidos a nivel nacional e internacional; evaluados por organismos formados con profesionales y académicos especializados en el área de estudio, que son regulados por el Consejo para la acreditación de la Educación Superior (COPAES). El proceso de revisión de evidencias requiere de experiencia y conocimiento del profesional para realizar la valoración de cada variable de estudio; el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y desarrollar un Sistema WEB que facilite la evaluación de indicadores, que genere un dictamen y que registre las recomendaciones a la institución, beneficiando directamente al comité técnico y comité de Acreditación del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación (CONAIC).

Nowadays the accreditation of public and private educational institutions of the country have become a standard to measure the quality and relevance of academic programs, that are offered our society through standards of accomplishment and parameters defined at national and international level ; evaluated by agencies composed by professionals and academics specialized in the study area, meanwhile they are regulated by COPAES (Consejo para la Acreditación de la Educación Superior). The process to revise the evidence requires experience and knowledge of the professional to take into consideration each variable studied, the objective of this job is to design and develop a WEB system that makes the evaluation of these indicators easier, it also has to generate a report and have to register the suggestions toward the institution; directly benefitting to the Technical Committee and Accreditation Committee the CONAIC (Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación).
Screening of Antibacterial Activities of the Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume
Authors: Amelia Puteri , Ayunda Rachma , Bahri Saiful
Published: March 2021

Endophytes or endophytic fungi have been investigated as a store house of bioactive compound. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Medinilla speciosa Blume. The antibacterial test was determined by measuring the inhibition zone with disk-diffusion method. Twenty endophytes were isolated from the leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume and identified morphologically. The results demonstrated that ten isolates showed variation in their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313. Further investigation will be needed to explore and identify the bioactive molecules of the isolated endophytic fungi.
Colombia y las reglas de las Naciones Unidas para la protección de menores privados de la libertad
Authors: Zapata Acevedo Valentina , Calderón Cárdenas Astrid Milena
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo pretende establecer cómo ha sido el Estado colombiano garante de las Reglas de las Naciones Unidas para la protección de menores privados de la libertad, examinando la normatividad que regula esta temática, realizando una revisión de pronunciamientos de las altas Cortes colombianas y definiendo las medidas protectivas que esté tiene para velar por el cumplimiento de las mismas.
Mecanismos para la protección de los derechos de hijos e hijas con madres privadas de la libertad
Authors: Pérez Martínez Catherine , Ramírez Arredondo Karolayn , Calderón Cárdenas Astrid Milena
Published: March 2021

Esta investigación busca analizar los ordenamientos jurídicos de Colombia y México a través del derecho comparado, con el fin de identificar aquellos mecanismos existentes para la protección de los derechos de los hijos de madres privadas de la libertad, quienes desde temprana edad viven en los centros penitenciarios, en concordancia con las Reglas de Bangkok que protegen los derechos de las mujeres recluidas así como los de sus hijos; este documento se realiza a través de tres momentos, descriptivo, comparativo y analítico, enfocando la investigación en la normatividad y la jurisprudencia de los países objeto de estudio y en la doctrina para describir mejor la problemática en materia carcelaria que enfrentan las dos naciones, encontrando en conclusión que los mecanismos existentes en Colombia son el derecho de petición y la acción de tutela y en el caso de México el derecho de petición y la queja.
The Authorship of Two Girls on a Barge (1891), Reassessed
Authors: Huenemann Karyn
Published: March 2021

Until recently, the novel Two Girls on a Barge (1891) has been attributed to Canadian author and journalist Sara Jeannette Duncan (1861–1922), writing under the pseudonym “V. Cecil Cotes.” This article provides evidence that, while Duncan did appear to have influenced the style and structure of the novel, the author was Violet Cecil Cotes (1868–1915), Duncan’s sister-in-law.
Relative renal functions for children using 99mTC-DTPA and 99mTC-DMSA
Authors: Akter Farzana , Abdullah Md Nure Alam , Momin M Abdul , Reza M Selim
Published: March 2021

Radionuclides are widely used to study the relative renal functions (RRFs) for kidney patients. This work reports the determination of the RRFs using the technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) and technetium-99m diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) for children having kidney diseases. The two methods are then compared to find the choice of scintigraphy for a particular type of disease. A total of 65 child kidney patients of ages 5 months - 16 years were the representative samples of the study. The mean RRFs calculated with 99mTc-DTPA was found as  and respectively, for the left and right kidneys. On the other hand, the values are  and  respectively, using 99mTc-DMSA. a significant positive correlation () were found between the RRFs calculated with the two scanning methods in Pearson correlation analysis. In one way ANOVA test, we did not find any difference between the RRFs calculated with 99mTc-DTPA and 99mTc-DMSA between the left and right kidneys. In Bland-Altman Plots, no mean difference was found between the two scanning methods and the correlation limit lies between -13.5 and12.6. The present study suggests using a single method for a particular type of disease. 99mTc-DMSA is the primary choice for the evaluation of RRF since it is easy, inexpensive and also provides cortical morphology, renal scar and cyst evaluation. But for glomerular filtration rate and renogram curve, 99mTc-DTPA should be the obvious selection as 99mTc-DMSA fails to provide any information for these cases.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 2, 109-119, 2020
Comparative Study Between Haemorrhage and Surgical Emphysema as Complication of Emergency Tracheostomy
Authors: Rahman Chowdhury Md Mushfiqur , Das Rajat Shuvra , Rumi Khundkar Alamin , Rahman Kazi Monisur
Published: March 2021

Background: Emergency tracheostomy is the commonest surgical intervention performed as lifesaving procedure by ENT surgeons on patients in emergency room of ENT and ICU. Several operative and postoperative complications have been reported after tracheostomy including fatal hemorrhage. Massive subcutaneous neck emphysema occurred because ventilation started at the time when the hemorrhage was not completely managed and the tracheal tube was not fully secured.

Objective: This study was conducted to compare haemorrhage and surgical emphysema as complication of emergency tracheostomy among patients admitted in Department of ENT and Head-Neck Surgery in Dhaka Medical College & Hospital.

Methods and Materials: This was a Cross Sectional Study conducted in the ENT and Head- Neck Surgery Department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2015 to June 2016. A total of 90 patients were included who fulfilled the selection criteria. Non probability convenient sampling was used to collect data. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 21.

Results: Mean± SD of the study subjects was 49.84±17.4 years with most patients belonged to 40-79 years age group. 28.9% patients had habit of smoking and betel nut chewing. (48.9%) patients suffered from Ca larynx. Out of 90 tracheostomy patients, 40(44.4%) patients had had different complications including haemorrhage (13.3%), surgical emphysema (10%), haemorrhage with surgical emphysema (6.7%), tube blockage (3.3%), wound infection (3.3%) and injury to local tissue (2.2%). Haemorrhage occurs from anterior jugular vein, middle thyroid veins and thyroid gland and included peroperative haemorrhage (7.8%), immediate post- operative haemorrhage, <24 hours, (4.43%) and late post-operative haemorrhage (1.2%).

Conclusion: In this study, haemorrhage followed by surgical emphysema and haemorrhage with surgical emphysema were found as major complications following emergency tracheostomy,

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.2, October, 2019, Page 159-163
Systemic Alterations in patients submitted to exodontics at the Bauru School of Dentistry (USP)
Authors: Castro-Merán Angie Patricia , Braga Gustavo  Moreno , Fiamoncini Eduardo Stedile , Duarte Bruno Gomes , Ferreira Júnior Osny , Gonçales Eduardo Sanches
Published: March 2021

Objective: To verify the rate of systemic changes observed in individuals seen at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology clinics of the Undergraduate Dentistry course at the Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru (FOB-USP). Methodology: a retrospective study of the medical records of individuals seen at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology clinics of the third and fourth years of the Dentistry course at FOB-USP, from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2017. Data collection was performed based on information from the anamnesis obtained during the initial care of the patients and recorded in the medical records. The selected data were name, age, address, diagnosed systemic disease, current and/or past medical treatments, proposed surgical treatment, and, if there was, patient return after medical treatment for surgery. The medical records of individuals under the age of 18, patients who did not have any systemic changes, or those with systemic changes observed outside the initial care period were excluded. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 266 medical records and 119 of these were from individuals who had systemic changes (44.7%), with systemic arterial hypertension being the most common (33.1%), followed by diabetes mellitus (17.8%). Conclusion: the high prevalence of individuals with systemic alterations and who require dental surgical intervention was proven, which implies the need for a correct anamnesis and preoperative evaluation so that these cases are managed to avoid trans and/or post-operative, systemic, and/or local.
O rastro da COVID-19 no mundo: Reflexão teórica sobre a repercussão da pandemia e seus desdobramentos na saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem
Authors: Moura Maria Lucia Costa de , Azevedo Suely Lopes de , Parente Juliana da Silva , Oliveira Aline Silva da Fonte Santa Rosa de , Brandão Flavia Carine Barreto
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Refletir o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 nos profissionais que atuam diretamente nos serviços de saúde junto aos pacientes acometidos pela doença. Método: Ensaio teórico-reflexivo, descritivo, qualitativo produzido a partir da análise crítica de diferentes bases de dados, manuais, sites institucionais e jornalísticos nacionais e internacionais em busca de dados atualizados para a contextualização da temática. Resultados e Discussão: Ressalta-se que, seja no serviço administrativo ao assistencial, todas as organizações de saúde, nacionais e internacionais, estão empenhadas em não medir esforços na implementação de protocolos e medidas de proteção e prevenção da doença, bem como, proteger os profissionais de saúde que estão trabalhando diretamente no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Nesta perspectiva, as autoras buscam contribuir com os serviços de saúde, no sentido de despertar para ações que visam a segurança do paciente e dos profissionais envolvidos no cuidado. Conclusão: a reflexão do estudo remete para o grande desafio da humanidade na busca por uma solução que garanta uma assistência digna e segura para enfrentar os desdobramentos da pandemia. É evidente que o desafio vai além do controle da doença, tornando visível a precariedade dos cenários e dos sistemas de saúde ao redor do mundo com desigualdade social, dificuldade de acesso aos serviços públicos, déficit de profissionais, processos de gestão em saúde inoperantes, falta de recursos humanos e materiais que vão desde o fornecimento de EPI até qualificação em serviço. Esses fatores influenciam no aumento do número de óbitos e corroboram para maior vulnerabilidade dos profissionais de saúde.
Construção e Validação de podcast como tecnologia educacional para prevenção da Hemorragia Pós-parto
Authors: Mota Alessandra da Silva , Reis Jessyca Santos Cavalcante dos , Rocha Sarah Lais , Oliveira Gisele Rodrigues de Carvalho , Domingues Robson José de Souza
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Construir e validar uma tecnologia educacional do tipo podcast relacionado à prevenção da mortalidade materna por hemorragia pós-parto para alunos do curso de medicina. Metodologia: Após a aprovação do protocolo de estudo pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa se iniciou um estudo de validação de tecnologia do tipo pesquisa de desenvolvimento metodológico com abordagem quantitativa. Para a construção do podcast educacional foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico, em seguida ocorreu a definição dos roteiros técnicos e a construção de cinco episódios da série podcast. Então, foram selecionados os 32 juízes-especialistas, para apreciação e validação desta tecnologia. Considerou-se os intervalos de validação de acordo com o número de juízes e a escala likert de 5 pontos, entre 2.241 a 3.360 pontos: validado e o intervalo de classificação para o Alfa de Cronbach > 0,80 como excelente consistência interna. Resultados: A validação do produto foi executada por meio de questionário com três domínios (objetivos, estrutura/apresentação e relevância), alcançando um valor Alfa de Cronbach de 0.873, classificado como excelente consistência. Na avaliação geral o podcast atingiu 3.228 pontos, de um valor possível de 3.360 pontos (96.1%), sendo validado pelos avaliadores. Conclusão:  O estudo evidenciou que o podcast foi validado por juízes-especialistas e considerado adequado para ser utilizado pelos estudantes de medicina, pressupondo sua utilização como instrumento tecnológico educacional de saúde sobre a prevenção da mortalidade materna por Hemorragia Pós-Parto (HPP).
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose no Estado de Pernambuco de 2009 a 2019
Authors: Lira João Lúcio Macário , Calado Maríllia Ferreira , Amorim Débora Silva , Fernandes Flávia Nunes , Matos Roberta Amorim de , Moreira Rafaela da Silva , Oliveira Lilian de Lucena
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose no estado de Pernambuco nos últimos 10 anos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo dos casos de tuberculose no estado de Pernambuco no período de 2009 a 2019. Os elementos utilizados são secundários do Sistema de Informação e Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) encontrados através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Nos últimos 10 anos foram notificados 61.449 casos de tuberculose no estado de Pernambuco. Ao analisar o perfil de casos confirmados, constatou-se que 70% são do sexo masculino, a faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos prevaleceu com 28.458 casos notificados. A forma clínica de tuberculose mais prevalente no período foi a pulmonar, com 52.242 casos notificados. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados no presente estudo mostram que em Pernambuco houve prevalência da tuberculose em homens na idade reprodutiva e de baixa escolaridade. A tuberculose continua sendo um grave problema de saúde pública no Estado de Pernambuco. Portanto, ações diretas e indiretas voltadas à prevenção da tuberculose, em diversos espaços de regiões de saúde. Nesse sentido, compreender a dinâmica epidemiológica da tuberculose se torna prioritário a inclusão de ofertas de educação em saúde devido à falta de informação como os fatores de riscos relacionados à patologia de forma a evitar a infecção no estado de Pernambuco.
Pengaturan Pelaksanaan Dinas Jaga di Kapal Sesuai STCW 1978 as Amended 2010
Authors: Mawardi Kholid
Published: March 2021

Mualim jaga memiliki peran penting dalam mengolah gerak kapal pada saat berlayar untuk menghindari hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan untuk menghindari bahaya-bahaya tubrukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaturan pelaksanaan dinas jaga dalam mencegah terjadinya bahaya tubrukan di MT. FORTUNE GLORY XLI, optimalisasi penggunaan alat-alat navigasi untuk mencegah terjadinya bahaya tubrukan dan upaya yang dilakukan dalam kondisi darurat dinas jaga. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah pelaksanaan dinas jaga di kapal yang belum terlaksana dengan benar karena Mualim jaga tidak disiplin dalam melaksanakan tugas jaga, kurangnya rasa percaya diri sebagai mualim fresh graduate pada saat melaksanakan tugas jaga di anjungan serta penggunaan alat-alat navigasi yang belum optimal. Pembagian tugas jaga di atas kapal MT. FORTUNE GLORY XLI telah sesuai dengan peraturan yang ditetapkan secara internasional tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat penyimpangan karena Mualim I sebagai senior officer tidak bertanggung jawab saat melaksanakan tugas jaganya, rasa kurang percaya diri Mualim III sebagai fresh graduate serta penggunaan alat-alat navigasi yang kurang optimal oleh para mualim menyebabkan hasil yang didapat tidak maksimal.
EFFECTIVENESS OF USING QUIZLET APLICATION-BASED FLASHCARD MEDIA ON STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Kamidjan Kamidjan , Wiyadi Heru
Published: March 2021

The problem that is the focus of the study is the passive learning conditions of students because the teacher explains the material using the old style. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of quizlet aplication-based flashcard media to the thematic learning outcomes of grade IV elementary school students on traditional clothing materials in Indonesia. The research method used pre experimental with one group pretest posttest design. Subject of this research were 32 students in class IV of SDN Kepanjen 1 Jombang school year 2019/2020. Data collection techniques using the test. The data analysis results using the t-test formula. Students are given test before and after learning with quizlet-based flashcard media, from the pretest and posttest conducted, the average results of pretest 50.88 and the average posttest 79.38. Based on the t test results it is known that tcount > ttable or (12.18) > (2.04). Therefore, Ha is accepted while Ho is rejected. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that there is effectiveness of used quizlet aplication-based flashcard media learning outcomes of the themes 7 subthemes Beautiful Cultural Diversity of My State Culture” students of grade IV SDN Kepanjen 1 Jombang in 2020.
Biochemical Features and Physiological Roles of hNP22 in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Wu Ji , Wang Yun-Yi , Yang Xi-Wen , Zhang Xiao-Tian , Tang Jia-Yi
Published: March 2021

hNP22, a novel neuron-specific protein that interacts with both actin filaments and microtubules, was found to be highly homologous to the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton-associated proteins human SM22α and rat acidic calponin. In recent years, functions of hNP22 such as the promotion of neural differentiation and enhancement of neural plasticity, have been described, as well as potential roles of hNP22 in schizophrenia and alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD). Because of the potential roles of hNP22 in neuronal processes and its potential implications in diseases, hNP22 has emerged as a research target. In this paper, we review the gene structure, possible modifications, and functions of the hNP22 protein, as well as its potential clinical significance. Based on its physical structure and previous studies, we speculate that hNP22 has potential biological functions in neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia and ARBD.
The Combined Contribution of Vascular Endothelial Cell Migration and Adhesion to Stent Re-endothelialization
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Fang Fei , Ni Yinghao , Yu Hongchi , Ma Jia , Deng Li , Li Chunli , Shen Yang , Liu Xiaoheng
Published: March 2021

Coronary stent placement inevitably causes mechanical damage to the endothelium, leading to endothelial denudation and in-stent restenosis (ISR). Re-endothelialization depends mainly on the migration of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) adjacent to the damaged intima, as well as the mobilization and adhesion of circulating VECs. To evaluate the combined contribution of VEC migration and adhesion to re-endothelialization under flow and the influence of stent, in vitro models were constructed to simulate various endothelial denudation scales (2 mm/5 mm/10 mm) and stent deployment depths (flat/groove/bulge). Our results showed that (1) in 2 mm flat/groove/bulge models, both VEC migration and adhesion combined completed the percentage of endothelial recovery about 27, 16, and 12%, and migration accounted for about 21, 15, and 7%, respectively. It was suggested that the flat and groove models were in favor of VEC migration. (2) With the augmentation of the injury scales (5 and 10 mm), the contribution of circulating VEC adhesion on endothelial repair increased. Taken together, endothelial restoration mainly depended on the migration of adjacent VECs when the injury scale was 2 mm. The adhered cells contributed to re-endothelialization in an injury scale-dependent way. This study is helpful to provide new enlightenment for surface modification of cardiovascular implants.
A Framework for Contractual Graphs
Authors: Murimi Renita M.
Published: March 2021

This paper studies contractual graphs, where the formation of edges between nodes result in dyadic exchanges. Each dyadic exchange is analyzed as a contractual agreement that is implemented upon fulfilment of underlying conditions. As these dyadic exchanges proliferate, the resulting population of these exchanges creates a contractual graph. A contractual framework for graphs is especially useful in applications where AI-enabled software is employed to create or automate smart contracts between nodes. While some smart contracts may be easily created and executed, others may contain a higher level of ambiguity which may prevent their efficient implementation. Ambiguity in contractual elements is especially difficult to implement, since nodes have to efficiently sense the ambiguity and allocate appropriate amounts of computational resources to the ambiguous contractual task. This paper develops a two-node contractual model of graphs, with varying levels of ambiguity in the contracts and examines its consequences for a market where tasks of differing ambiguity are available to be completed by nodes. The central theme of this paper is that as ambiguity increases, it is difficult for nodes to efficiently commit to the contract since there is an uncertainty in the amount of resources that they have to allocate for completion of the tasks specified in the contract. Thus, while linguistic ambiguity or situational ambiguity might not be cognitively burdensome for humans, it might become expensive for nodes involved in the smart contract. The paper also shows that timing matters—the order in which nodes enter the contract is important as they proceed to sense the ambiguity in a task and then allocate appropriate resources. We propose a game-theoretic formulation to scrutinize how nodes that move first to complete a task are differently impacted than those that move second. We discuss the applications of such a contractual framework for graphs and obtain conditions under which two-node contracts can achieve a successful coalition.
Effects of Hierarchical Steepness on Grooming Patterns in Female Tibetan Macaques (Macaca thibetana)
Authors: Xia Dong-Po , Wang Xi , Garber Paul A. , Sun Bing-Hua , Sheeran Lori K. , Sun Lixing , Li Jin-Hua
Published: March 2021

Hierarchical steepness, defined as status asymmetries among conspecifics living in the same group, is not only used as a main characteristic of animal social relationships, but also represents the degree of discrepancy between supply and demand within the framework of biological market theory. During September and December 2011, we studied hierarchical steepness by comparing variation in grooming patterns in two groups of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana), a primate species characterized by a linear dominance hierarchy. Using a focal sampling method, we collected behavioral data from two provisioned, free-ranging groups (YA1 and YA2) at Mt. Huangshan, China. We found that female dominance hierarchies were steeper in the YA1 group (0.81 based on the proportion of wins-losses and 0.66 based on dyadic dominance indices) than among members of the YA2 group (0.76 based on the proportion of wins-losses and 0.56 based on dyadic dominance indices). Females in the YA1 group groomed more frequently and for longer duration than females in YA2. Further analysis showed that grooming patterns of high- and low-ranking females did not differ between the two groups. However, middle-ranking females in YA1 groomed conspecifics more frequently and for longer duration than middle-ranking females in YA2. Our results suggest that the steepness of a dominance hierarchy plays an important role in the set of social strategies used by middle-ranking females to avoid a reduction in rank, as well as to increase their rank (the dilemma of middle class hypothesis). We suggest that future studies focus on individuals of middle-rank in order to better understand how the dynamics of rank stability and rank changes influence social relationships, and affiliative and competitive interactions in non-human primates.
Spelling Changes and Fluorescent Tagging With Prime Editing Vectors for Plants
Authors: Wang Li , Kaya Hilal Betul , Zhang Ning , Rai Rhitu , Willmann Matthew R. , Carpenter Sara C. D. , Read Andrew C. , Martin Federico , Fei Zhangjun , Leach Jan E. , Martin Gregory B. , Bogdanove Adam J.
Published: March 2021

Prime editing is an adaptation of the CRISPR-Cas system that uses a Cas9(H840A)-reverse transcriptase fusion and a guide RNA amended with template and primer binding site sequences to achieve RNA-templated conversion of the target DNA, allowing specified substitutions, insertions, and deletions. In the first report of prime editing in plants, a variety of edits in rice and wheat were described, including insertions up to 15 bp. Several studies in rice quickly followed, but none reported a larger insertion. Here, we report easy-to-use vectors for prime editing in dicots as well as monocots, their validation in Nicotiana benthamiana, rice, and Arabidopsis, and an insertion of 66 bp that enabled split-GFP fluorescent tagging.