bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Land Stability and Erosion Equilibrium on Mined Landforms Using Streamflow Fine Suspended Sediment
Authors: Nair Devika , Bellairs Sean , Evans Ken G
Published: September 2024

Where mining activities cause disturbance in catchments, streams are often impacted by heavy loads of fine eroded material. Since geomorphological processes are very slow, it is expected that during rehabilitation typically hundreds of years are required for a mine landform to return back to stability. A sensitive approach to analyzing post-mining landform stability in tropical regions is to assess the quantity of fine suspended sediments (FSS = silt + clay (0.45 µm < diameter < 63 µm)) leaving the catchment where the mine resides and entering the receiving streams in response to storm events. Continuous stream discharge and FSS quantities upstream and downstream of the catchment where the mine resides were modeled using HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Centre-Hydrologic Modeling System). Once calibrated, the model was run for a thousand years to predict continuous stream discharge and FSS quantities for various predicted rainfall scenarios. Short-term erosion and deposition across the mine catchment were also evaluated using a cali-brated landform evolution model, CAESAR-Lisflood. This paper reviews watershed soil erosion measurements and modeling research. It compares the previous research to approach above that assesses mine landform erosion and stability in terms of fine-suspended sediments. This approach can be used to determine mine landform erosion dynamics, predict achieving stability equilib-rium, and as a post-mining rehabilitation assessment tool.
Co-Authorship Network Analysis in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Research: Evaluating Collaboration and Structural Changes from 2000 to 2023
Authors: Ogasawara Naruaki
Published: September 2024

Aim: This study aims to analyze the evolution of co-author networks in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) research from 2000 to 2023, using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The objective is to provide a structural overview of researcher collaborations in this specialized field, highlighting key contributors and the impact of international cooperation. Method: I conducted a co-author network analysis on 19,463 GERD -related articles indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. Using Python (Version 3.10.5) within the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3), I assessed macro-level indicators including network density, clustering coefficient, number of components, and average distance. Micro-level indicators such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality were also evaluated to understand the roles of individual researchers in the network.Result: The GERD co-authorship network exhibited a sparse structure with low network density, indicating limited realized collaborations compared to potential connections. The clustering coefficient was consistently high across the analyzed periods, suggesting that researchers frequently formed tight-knit groups. The network was fragmented into numerous components, with significant disconnection between groups. Degree centrality highlighted key researchers such as Dent, J., and Shaheen, N.J., who had extensive collaborative reach. In contrast, closeness and betweenness centrality identified strategic intermediaries like Bredenoord, A.J. and Kahrilas, P.J., who facilitated connections across otherwise isolated segments of the network.Conclusion: The co-authorship network analysis revealed a persistently fragmented landscape in GERD research, with considerable room for enhancing collaboration among researchers. Identifying key contributors and understanding their roles within the network can guide future efforts to foster more integrated and comprehensive research collaborations. This study underscores the importance of strategic networking and partnership development in advancing GERD research and optimizing the field's collaborative potential.
Novel Drug-like HsrA Inhibitors Exhibit Potent Narrow-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activities against Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Casado Javier , Olivan-Muro Irene , Algarate Sonia , Chueca Eduardo , Salillas Sandra , Velázquez-Campoy Adrián , Piazuelo Elena , Fillat María F. , Sancho Javier , Lanas Ángel , González Andrés
Published: September 2024

Helicobacter pylori infection constitutes a silent pandemic of global concern. In the last decades, the alarming increase of multidrug resistance evolved by this pathogen has led to a marked drop in the eradication rates of traditional therapies worldwide, encouraging scientific community to discover and develop new antimicrobial strategies. In the present work, we identified a battery of novel drug-like HsrA inhibitors with MIC values ranging from 0.031 to 4 mg/L against antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori. Most of these novel antimicrobials exhibited minor effects against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species of human microbiota. The most potent anti-H. pylori candidate demonstrated a high therapeutic index, additive effect in combination with metronidazole and clarithromycin, as well as a strong antimicrobial action against Campylobacter jejuni, another clinically relevant pathogen of phylum Campylobacterota. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that in vivo inhibition of HsrA triggered lethal global disturbances in H. pylori physiology, including the arrest of protein biosynthesis, malfunction of respiratory chain, detriment in ATP generation, and oxidative stress. The novel drug-like HsrA inhibitors described here constitute valuable candidates to a new family of narrow-spectrum antibiotics that allow overcoming the current resistome, protecting from dysbiosis, and increasing therapeutic options for novel personalized treatments against H. pylori.
Enhanced Extraction of Tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza Using Natural Surfactant-Based Cloud Point Extraction
Authors: Shin Ye Rim , Ryu Byeong Ryeol , Kang Min Ji , Kim Min Jun , Lim Jung Dae
Published: September 2024

Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) contains the tanshinones, a compound with various pharmacological effects, and has been extensively studied as a pharmaceutical material. However, conventional methods for extracting tanshinones face challenges such as environmental hazards and high cost. In this study, we aimed to effectively extract tanshinones from SM using cloud point extraction (CPE) with lecithin, a natural surfactant. By optimizing various extraction conditions including the solid-to-liquid ratio, lecithin concentration, NaCl concentration, pH, and equilibrium temperature, the optimal extraction efficiency was achieved using 20 mL of solvent per 1 g of sample, 3% lecithin (w/v), 2% NaCl (w/v), pH 6, and room temperature (25 ± 2°C). The CPE method, which minimizes the use of organic solvent and is eco-friendly demonstrated improvements in extraction efficiency, with a 4.55% increased for dihydrotanshinone I, 8.32% for cryptotanshinone, 15.77% for tanshinone I, and 6.81% for tanshinone IIA compared to the conventional water extraction method. These results suggest that CPE is promising, environmentally friendly, and efficient approach for extracting hydrophobic components from pharmacologically active materials such as SM, with potential applications across various fields of natural product extraction.
Multivariate Analysis-Based Comprehensive Evaluation of the Relationship Between Cancer-Related Fatigue and Prognosis After Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Chen Fang , Liu Bingyun , Cao Xiaoqian , Chen Ping , Wang Chen , Ding Peng , Su Fenglian , Liu Cong
Published: September 2024

Background: Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent and debilitating symptom in breast cancer patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and potentially affecting postoperative outcomes. Despite advances in breast cancer treatment, the long-term implications of CRF on prognosis remain unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 310 postoperative breast cancer patients from two large comprehensive hospitals. We systematically collected demographic, medical history, lifestyle, psychological status, and CRF data. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Random forest survival analysis, propensity score matching, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and restricted cubic spline analysis were utilized to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between CRF and postoperative prognosis. Results: Higher CRF scores were associated with worse postoperative outcomes (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10, P < 0.001). Other independent prognostic factors included higher HADS scores (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17, P = 0.032), not undergoing breast-conserving surgery (HR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89, P = 0.024), and not receiving endocrine therapy (HR = 7.13, 95% CI: 2.64-19.22, P < 0.001). Random forest survival analysis highlighted CRF as the most critical variable impacting prognosis. Propensity score matching effectively balanced baseline characteristics, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated significantly lower survival rates in high-CRF patients both before and after matching (P < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between CRF scores and disease progression risk, with significant risk increases beyond specific thresholds. Conclusions: CRF is a crucial predictor of disease progression in postoperative breast cancer patients. Higher CRF and HADS scores, non-breast-conserving surgery, and lack of endocrine therapy are associated with poorer prognosis. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive postoperative care, including effective management of fatigue and psychological health, to improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on prospective studies and targeted interventions for CRF to validate these findings and enhance clinical practices.
Efficient Large-Scale Urban Parking Prediction: Graph Coarsening Based on Real-Time Parking Service Capability
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Chen Zhenwu , Zhang Kangshuai , Cui Yunduan , Peng Lei
Published: September 2024

With the sharp increase in the number of vehicles, the issue of parking difficulties has emerged as an urgent challenge that many cities need to address promptly. In the task of predicting large-scale urban parking data, existing research often lacks effective deep learning models and strategies. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposes an innovative framework for predicting large-scale urban parking graphs leveraging real-time service capabilities, aimed at improving the accuracy and efficiency of parking predictions. Specifically, we introduce a graph attention mechanism that assesses the real-time service capabilities of parking lots to construct a dynamic parking graph that accurately reflects real preferences in parking behavior. To effectively handle large-scale parking data, this study combines graph coarsening techniques with temporal convolutional autoencoders to achieve unified dimension reduction of the complex urban parking graph structure and features. Subsequently, we use a spatio-temporal graph convolutional model to make predictions based on the coarsened graph, and a pre-trained autoencoder-decoder module restores the predicted results to their original data dimensions, completing the task. Our methodology has been rigorously tested on a real dataset from parking lots in Shenzhen. The experimental results indicate that compared to traditional parking prediction models, our framework achieves improvements of 46.8% and 30.5% in accuracy and efficiency, respectively. Remarkably, with the expansion of the graph’s scale, our framework’s advantages become even more apparent, showcasing its substantial potential for solving complex urban parking dilemmas in practical scenarios.
A New Tool Supporting the Selection of the Best Hematopoietic Stem Cell Donor by Modelling Local Own Real-World Data
Authors: Crocchiolo Roberto , Cacace Stefania , Milone Giuseppe , Sarina Barbara , Cupri Alessandra , Leotta Salvatore , Giuffrida Giulia , Spadaro Andrea , Mariotti Jacopo , Bramanti Stefania , Fumagalli Alice , Azzaro Maria Pia , Toscano Sebastiana , Semeraro Quirico
Published: September 2024

The selection of the best allogeneic donor for each specific patient is crucial for the success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Besides the well-known patient’s characteristics, donor-related variables such as patient-donor histocompatibility and donor age are of utmost importance for the outcome after HSCT. However, there is still debate on the definition of the best stem cell donor when multiple suitable donors exist. By using own data from two transplant centers, we here developed a calculator able to provide the 2-year patients’ overall survival (OS) associated to each of the potential donor options during the selection process. Data on n=737 HSCTs performed from January 2010 to July 2022 have been retrospectively obtained. Donor types were HLA-identical siblings, unrelated or related haploidentical. Cox regression and parametric model indicates patients’ age, disease, comorbidity index and donor type as significant variables (p<0.05) able to predict 2-year OS with robustness (concordance index: 0.677). Estimates are provided with the three donor options for each single, specific patient. Of note, estimates express real data of the transplant centers and reflect their actual experience. In conclusion, we here present the prototype of a new tool for the calculation of patients’ outcome according to the stem cell donor type, guiding transplant physicians during the process of donor selection before HSCT. The novelty of this approach relies on the use of real data from the investigating centers, reflecting the local clinical experience. Improvements are planned by filling additional information and pooling data from more centers.
Em defesa do ensino de história: a democracia como valor
Authors: Filho Airton Fernandes de
Published: September 2024

Resenha: ROCHA, Helenice A. B.; MAGALHÃES, Marcelo (Orgs.). Em defesa do ensinode história: a democracia como valor. Rio de Janeiro: FGV Editora, 2022.
Representações de jovens estudantes sobre a ditadura militar brasileira
Authors: Cerri Luis Fernando , Costa Maria Paula , Espírito Santo Janaína de Paula do
Published: September 2024

Nos ultimos anos, o debate sobre o ensino da historia recente no Brasil ganhou destaque, especialmente diante do surgimento de movimentos de extrema direita que defendem ideias de retorno a ditadura militar. A compreensao da historia recente influencia a cultura politica, o que se demonstra neste estudo com jovens brasileiros, que apresentaram visoes variadas sobre os governos militares. Embora haja uma tendencia geral de posicionamento neutro em relacao a ditadura militar, ha uma leve inclinacao para visoes favoraveis, embora menos pronunciada do que em outros paises latino-americanos. A analise estatistica incluiu o uso da escala de Likert e a criacao de um indice de apoio a ditadura militar, que mostra uma leve predominancia de apoio, mas com grupos equitativos entre rejeicao, indiferenca e apoio as narrativas da ditadura.
Reciprocal Data Portability to Foster Financial Services Competition in the Open Banking System Era
Authors: Wiwoho Jamal , Pati Umi Khaerah , Pratama Anugrah Muhtarom
Published: September 2024

This article analyzes the feasibility of incorporating reciprocal financial data into Indonesia's open banking system by studying its implementation in the United Kingdom and other countries. The methodology employed is conceptual, statutory, and comparative legal, utilizing data gathered from secondary legal sources. The study discovered that reciprocal data finance could be a supplementary measure to enhance data portability rights. This approach enables banks to provide compensation for access to account data, utilizing the concept of "paying by data". Indonesia should contemplate the adoption of data reciprocity alongside the portability rights outlined in Article 13 of the PDP Law. Subsequently, it can be configured inside the SNAP settings. Before proceeding with this development, it is crucial to establish Open banking in Indonesia by effectively balancing the goals of personal data rights and market competition. This circumstance will encourage Bank Indonesia to collaborate with other regulatory bodies, such as competition authorities, data protection regulators, and sector regulators. Despite potential differences in their objectives, this collaboration is necessary as reciprocal data portability initiatives may involve multiple regulatory domains.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 31.08.2024 г. по 06.09.2024 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: September 2024

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 31.08.2024 г. по 06.09.2024 г.
Role of International Court Justice (ICJ) in Resolving South China Sea Disputes Positivism Perspective
Authors: Nisa Aulia Tiara , Diba Intan Farah , Susilowati Ida
Published: September 2024

The Law of the Sea increasingly developed in the 19-20 centuries marked by the 1982 UNCLOS Convention on the Law of the Sea. This research discusses the role of UNCLOS in handling South China Sea disputes. And how is the settlement of the South China Sea dispute based on the International Court of Justice? This study uses qualitative methods based on secondary data sources derived from books, the internet, documents, journal articles, media, and others. The theory used in this study is one of the theories of positivism with an international law approach. The South China Sea dispute began with China's claims to the seas listed on its Nine Dashed Line map. Cases of disputes over the jurisdiction of the ICJ against the agreement of the disputing parties are to be submitted to the International Court of Justice. Cases submitted to the International Court of Justice contain the determination of the matters in question as well as various kinds of questions submitted to the International Court of Justice. If viewed from the perspective of positivism, the position of national law is higher than international law, so the claims of the South China Sea that have existed since the Han dynasty cannot be denied if China itself does not ratify international law and does not ratify UNCLOS and still adheres to the principles of national law or jurisdiction of its country. As the International Court of Justice, this dispute should be resolved by the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice.
Estratégia Inovadora para o Atendimento às Pessoas com Surdez: Estudo exploratório a partir das Representações Sociais, e da influência de uma Mãe Informada
Authors: Duarte Ramos Ivani Aparecida
Published: September 2024

A Surdez é um fenômeno de largo impacto na sociedade, com 2,7 milhões de surdos profundos no Brasil, além 10 milhões de pessoas com deficiência auditiva de algum grau, representando um gasto anual de quase R$ 1 bilhão em políticas de educação e saúde pública, entre outros. Além disso, toda a família da pessoa surda é profundamente impactada a partir do diagnóstico da surdez, trazendo uma série de consequências ao surdo e aos familiares, sendo necessário investigar os determinantes e impactos psicossociais da surdez no ambiente familiar. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as representações sociais no cotidiano de mães com filho surdo. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com características exploratórias e descritivas, com entrevista aberta e questões norteadoras como ferramenta de coleta de dados. A amostra conta com 05 famílias (mães) de crianças surdas atendidas em uma organização não governamental, no estado da Bahia, sendo os dados tratados, tabulados e analisados sobre a ótica da técnica de análise de conteúdo temático e da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Baseado nos resultados encontrados conclui-se preliminarmente, no que diz respeito à necessidade de autonomia durante a evolução da pessoa surda, que as mães analisadas negaram autonomia aos seus filhos, seja por falta de conhecimento ou de informações especializadas e, no que diz respeito ao impacto da surdez na família, que esse impacto é elevado e recai sobretudo sobre a mãe, principalmente por ter gestado um filho surdo e por temer não saber lidar com o filho diferente.
Foam Properties Evaluation under Harsh Conditions: Implications for Enhanced Eco-Friendly Underbalanced Drilling Practices
Authors: Gowida Ahmed , Elkatatny Salaheldin , Al-Shehri Dhafer
Published: September 2024

Foam drilling offers advantages such as reduced formation damage and faster drilling in underbalanced drilling (UBD) operations. The efficacy of foam drilling is influenced by factors including pressure, temperature, salt content, foam quality, and pH levels. However, a gap exists in the evaluation of foam properties under rigorous conditions, particularly those involving high pH and mixed salt environments common in drilling scenarios, highlighting the need for further research. In this study, a high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) foam analyzer and rheometer were employed to examine the stability and rheological behavior of ammonium alchohol ether sulfate (AAES) foam under simulated alkaline drilling conditions. The foaming solution, designed to replicate such conditions, consisted of synthetic seawater (SW) with a salt mixture totaling approximately 67.70 g/L and a 0.5 wt.% foaming agent adjusted to a pH of 9.5. This approach differs from the individual salt studies prevalent in existing literature and provides a unique perspective on foam stability and behavior. Driven by environmental sustainability considerations, the effects of eco-friendly surfactant AAES and various drilling fluid additives: polyanionic cellulose (PAC), carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC), and xanthan gum (XG), were investigated for foam formulation. The apparent viscosity of the AAES foam was evaluated at different pressures and temperatures across varying shear rates. A consistent decrease in foam viscosity with increasing shear rates was observed, irrespective of pressure and temperature. An increase in foam viscosity was also noted with higher pressures (from 14.7 psi to 3,000 psi) at low shear rates, with values rising from 8.04 cp to 14.74 cp, and from 3.71 cp to 5.79 cp at high shear rates of 1,000 s⁻¹. Increasing foam quality from 65% to 85% resulted in significant improvements in viscosity, approximately 37% at low shear rates and about 79% at high shear rates. The introduction of additives to AAES foam at 1,000 psi and 90°C led to a substantial increase in viscosity, with PAC showing the most significant enhancement: 33.28 cp at low shear rates and 18.15 cp at high shear rates. Conversely, the viscosity of both base AAES foam and additive-enhanced foams decreased with rising temperatures, although PAC exhibited the greatest resistance to viscosity variations due to temperature changes. The addition of PAC also resulted in a notable increase in foam yield stress, potentially leading to more efficient cuttings transport and hole cleaning. Furthermore, foam stability was significantly improved by the additives, with XG and CMC doubling stability to 48 minutes, and PAC resulting in a threefold increase in half-life to 65 minutes. This study presents AAES and the tested additives as viable components for eco-friendly foam formulations, promoting enhanced properties suitable for UBD applications.
Numerical simulation of boiling heat transfer of R32 flowing in a small diameter horizontal smooth tube
Authors: Miao Zelin , Dai Yuande , Li Jinye
Published: September 2024

As a transitional alternative refrigerant, R32 has been used in domestic air conditioners. At the same time, the heat transfer tube size of the evaporator of domestic air conditioners develops towards small tube diameter. This paper focuses on the numerical simulation study of the boiling heat transfer characteristics of R32 flowing in a horizontal smooth tube with an inner diameter of 4 mm, and analyzes the influence of the change of tube diameter. The results show that the boiling heat transfer coefficient increases with the increase of mass flux, heat flux and saturation temperature, and decreases with the increase of tube diameter and inlet dryness. In a horizontal smooth tube with an inner diameter of 4 mm. The boiling heat transfer coefficient in the tube increased by 18.95% when the mass flux was increased from 100 kg·m-2·s-1 to 250 kg·m-2·s-1. The boiling heat transfer coefficient increased by 182.25% when the heat flux was increased from 3 kW·m-2 to 14 kW·m-2. The boiling heat transfer coefficient increased by 25% when the saturation temperature was increased from 280.15 K to 284.15 K. The boiling heat transfer coefficient increased by 19.62% when the tube diameter was decreased from 6 mm to 3 mm.
Statistical flaws of the fitness-fatigue sports performance prediction model
Authors: Marchal Alexandre , Benazieb Othmene , Weldegebriel Yisakor , Imbach Frank
Published: September 2024

Optimizing athletic training programs with the support of predictive models is an active research topic, fuelled by a consistent data collection. The Fitness-Fatigue Model (FFM) is a pioneer for modelling responses to training on performance based on training load, exclusively. It has been subject to several extensions and its methodology has been questioned. In this article, we leveraged a Bayesian framework involving biologically meaningful priors to diagnose the fit and predictive ability of the FFM. We used cross-validation to draw a clear distinction between goodness-of-fit and predictive ability. The FFM showed major statistical flaws. On the one hand, the model was ill-conditioned, and we illustrated the poor identifiability of fitness and fatigue parameters using Markov chains in the Bayesian framework. On the other hand, the model exhibited an overfitting pattern, as adding the fatigue-related parameters did not significantly improve the model's predictive ability (p-value > 0.40). We confirmed these results with 2 independent datasets. Both results question the relevance of the fatigue part of the model formulation, hence the biological relevance of the fatigue component of the FFM. Modelling sport performance through biologically meaningful and interpretable models remains a statistical challenge.
Influence of surface characteristics on the in vitro stability and cell uptake of nanoliposomes for brain targeting
Authors: Shalabalija Dushko , Mihailova Ljubica , Geskovski Nikola , Zimmer Andreas , Geiss Otmar , Gioria Sabrina , Scaccabarozzi Diletta , Dodov Marija Glavas
Published: September 2024

In contemporary research, there is a clear emphasis on the physicochemical characteristics and effectiveness of nanoliposomal (NLs) formulations. However, there has been minimal focus on elucidating nano-bio interactions and understanding the behavior of these formulations at organ and cellular levels. Specifically, it is widely recognized that when exposed to biological fluids, nano-delivery systems, including NLs, rapidly interact with various biomolecules which have a significant impact on the functionality and destiny of the nano-systems but also influence cellular biological functions. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to illuminate the evolution of physicochemical characteristics and surface properties of NLs in biorelevant media. Additionally, in order to point out the influence of specific characteristics on the brain targeting potential of these formulations, we investigated NLs interactions with BBB (hCMEC/D3) and neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) under different conditions. The results obtained from in vitro comparative cell uptake studies on both cell culture lines after treatment with 3 different concentrations of fluorescently labelled NLs (5, 10 and 100 μg/mL) over a period of 1, 2 and 4 h showed a time- and concentration-dependent internalization pattern, with high impact of the surface characteristics of the different formulations. In addition, transport studies on hCMEC/D3/SH-SY5Y co-culture confirmed the successful transport of NLs across the BBB cells and their subsequent uptake by neurons (ranging from 25.17 to 27.54%). Fluorescence and confocal microscopy micrographs revealed that, once internalized, NLs were concentrated in the perinuclear cell regions.
Optimized Fault Detection and Control for Enhanced Reliability and Efficiency in DC Microgrids
Authors: Somanna Banothu , Gupta Sushma , Rajender Jatoth , Alshareef Muhannad , Babqi Abdulrahman , Namomsa Borchala , Ghoneim Sherif S. M.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for fault detection, control, and operation within a DC microgrid (DCMG) incorporating diverse energy sources like wind, solar photovoltaic (PV), battery energy storage systems (BESS), utility grid, fuel cells (FC), and load. The DCMG faces challenges due to intermittent faults in the DC link and the necessity to distinguish between low and high fault levels. A resistance-based fault detection scheme is proposed to address these issues, enabling efficient fault detection without necessitating a complete shutdown of the DCMG. Perturb and Observe (P&O) techniques are employed for PV and wind power tracking, while proportional-integral (PI) controllers are utilized for FC and BESS control. In mitigating voltage and current (V-I) fluctuations, fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) exhibit superior performance compared to traditional PI methods. For the favorable variation of the DC-link V-I level, the traditional PI controller is tuned with a genetic algorithm (GA-PIC) based optimization technique and evolution-inspired PI controller. Additionally, PI controllers undergo optimization via a genetic algorithm (GA), ensuring adherence to V-I limits. The proposed method to investigate fault responses is validated on test systems developed in the OPAL-RT simulator under different scenarios. It Demonstrates improvements over un-optimized counterparts with optimized configuration. This research advances DCMGs by improving their efficiency, stability, and performance.
Differential resistance to nematode infection is associated with the genotype- and age- dependent pace of intestinal T cell homing
Authors: Adjah Joshua , Kapse Bhavya , Zhang Hongwei , Hartmann Susanne , Rausch Sebastian
Published: September 2024

The resistance of inbred mice to nematode infections varies depending on the extent of protective Th2 responses. Here, we compared two mouse lines differing in resistance to infection with the enteric nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri despite the similar instruction of GATA-3 + T effector cells. Resistant BALB/c mice rapidly recruited high numbers of Th2 cells to the gut within the one-week time frame required for larval development in the intestinal submucosa. C57BL/6 mice failed in the optimal control of early nematode fitness, with mucosal Th2 response peaking after two weeks when the larvae had left the tissue and relocated to the gut lumen as adult worms. The faster homing of Th2 cells to the gut of BALB/c mice related to the extensive expression of the chemokine receptor CCR9 in GATA-3 + cells and higher frequencies of aldehyde dehydrogenase expressing dendritic cells present in mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, nematode infected older BALB/c mice displayed impaired resistance due to delayed mucosal homing of effector cells, which synergized with more numerous Th2/1 hybrid cells acting as IFN-γ dependent confounders of type 2 responses. Hence, the distinct kinetics of effector cell recruitment to the infected gut and the quality of GATA-3 + T cell responses contribute to the genotype- and age-dependent resistance to intestinal nematode infections.
Exploring the Potential of Virtual Reality in Nursing Education:Learner`s Insights and Future Directions
Authors: Johansen Frode , Toft Helge , Stalheim Odd Rune , Løvsletten Maria
Published: September 2024

Aim/Objective: This study aims to explore the perceptions of nursing students on Virtual Reality (VR) technology, focusing on its utility, relevance, user-friendliness, and potential for broader integration into nursing education and other educational domains.
Background: VR is increasingly utilized in education, providing immersive and interactive learning experiences. Despite its potential, there are concerns regarding its practical application and alignment with educational objectives across various disciplines.
Design: The study employed an exploratory descriptive design using focus group interviews to gather qualitative data from nursing students.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 nursing students across three focus groups. The discussions centered on their experiences with VR in medication management training, focusing on perceived utility, user-friendliness, and motivation for future use. Data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis to identify key themes and insights relevant to educational technology adoption.
Results: Students acknowledged VR's potential for providing a safe and enhanced learning environment. They appreciated the opportunity to practice without real-world consequences but expressed concerns about technical complexity, lack of user-friendliness, and the absence of realistic clinical scenarios. The need for better alignment of VR content with actual educational needs and more user-friendly interfaces was emphasized.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of aligning VR technology with the specific needs and learning objectives of students in various educational settings. Continuous dialogue with end-users is crucial for enhancing the educational effectiveness of VR. This study provides valuable insights for educators and developers to refine VR applications, contributing to the development of solutions that meet practical and educational requirements across different disciplines.
Analysis of the spatial-temporal evolution and driving effect of land use change on carbon storage in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Li Shenglin , Shi Peng , Liu Xiaohuang , Liu Jiufen , Liu Run , Zhu Ping , Wang Chao , Zhao Honghui
Published: September 2024

Land-use change affects the regional spatial patterns of carbon storage. Exploring the relationship of land use with carbon storage is crucial for optimizing land-use structure and sustainable development. We explored the spatial and temporal patterns of land use and carbon-storage changes in urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River for 2035 using the PLUS-InVEST model. Natural, urban, and ecological development scenarios were considered. Land-use changes comprised increases in arable and construction lands and continuous losses in forest land from 2000 to 2020. Carbon storage decreased by 1 × 106 t, with forest conversion to cropland and construction land being the main decreasing drivers. The carbon storage of natural and urban developments decreased by 0.26 × 106t and 0.32 × 106t, while it increased by 0.16 × 106 under ecological development. NDVI (0.588) had the highest explanatory power for the spatial variation of carbon storage, followed by slope (0.454) and elevation (0.391). Natural environmental factors dominate the spatial variation of carbon storage. The combination of multiple factors affected the spatial and temporal variations of carbon storage. The interaction between soil erosion and elevation, NDVI, and annual rainfall was weakened, while the that of other factors was enhanced.
Enhancing Event Temporal Relation Extractionwith Counterfactual Reasoning and Adversarial Training
Authors: Wu Zhonghua , Yang Wenzhong , Wei Fuyuan , Zhang meng
Published: September 2024

Event temporal relation extraction is a critical task in natural language processing. Despite significant efforts in this area, existing methods often focus on the accuracy that systems can provide, with little attention given to the effectiveness and reliability of the extraction process itself. In this paper, we propose a novel counterfactual adversarial training network aimed at improving the credibility of event temporal relation extraction models from two perspectives. On one hand, to achieve accurate extraction based on contextual descriptions, we perform counterfactual analysis to mitigate the impact of three major types of training biases: context keyword bias, event trigger bias, and frequent label bias. We also incorporate temporal information into event mentions to obtain more robust event representations. On the other hand, to enhance the model's robustness and generalization ability, we conduct adversarial training to reduce the impact of distributional discrepancies between test and training data. This significantly improves our model's ability to handle potentially noisy, disruptive, or previously unseen cases. Finally, after bias mitigation, we apply temperature scaling to recalibrate the model's confidence, aligning the uncertainty of model predictions with actual conditions. Experimental results on two widely used datasets, MATRES and TCR, demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods, particularly under distributional shifts.
Hatching Results of Different Storage Periods in Hungarian Pheasant (Phasiasnus Colchicus) Eggs
Authors: OZKAN CAGRİ OZGUR , KALINKUTUK HACI
Published: September 2024

In this study, the effects of storage of Hungarian pheasant (Phasiasnus colchicus) eggs reared under intensive conditions for 0–7, 8–14, and 15–21 days on egg quality characteristics and some hatching characteristics were investigated. The eggs were kept in the egg holding cabinet, adjusted to 14 oC and 70% humidity, and taken to the pre-development and hatching machines, respectively. Before storage, external quality characteristics were analyzed. The effect of egg weight, white weight, hatchability, hatching efficiency, and fertility rate were found to be very significant (P < 0.01) with the prolongation of the holding period. The differences between the groups in terms of specific gravity, Haugh unit, yellow ratio, shell ratio, white index, and yellow index were found to be statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). As a result, keeping the Phasiasnus colchicus eggs for a maximum period of 0–7 days will eliminate the negative effects and contribute to sending the animals to nature as soon as possible. As a result, egg weight, white weight, hatchability, hatching efficiency, and fertility rate decreased with the prolongation of the holding period of the eggs to be used in Hungarian pheasant production. It was concluded that the storage of eggs after 0–7 days for a high hatching power in the hatchery will cause a decrease. In addition, it was determined that the best performance in terms of embryo mortality and hatchability could be obtained from hatching eggs obtained from quails aged 8–10 weeks.
Visualizing the Biphasic Nature of Memory Transformation in the Wild: From Detailed to Abstract Recollections and Back
Authors: Tinner Flavia , Tinner Flavia , Brandes Leif , Tobler Philippe
Published: September 2024

Trace Transformation Theory posits that episodic memories progressively transform into gist-based representations during consolidation. Prior research has primarily investigated memory transformation during consolidation through laboratory-based experiments at sparse intervals, emphasizing the relationship between these transformations and neural changes at the systems level, while largely neglecting the role of synaptic-level neural changes. We aim to bridge the existing gap by systematically characterizing the daily progression of memory trace transformation. We achieve this by quantifying the degree of linguistic detail and abstraction in a comprehensive field dataset of episodic memories and plotting these metrics against the time elapsed since encoding. We observe a biphasic pattern alternating between high-detail and low-detail representations, which challenges the idea of gradual memory specificity decay and aligns with temporal dynamics observed in synaptic plasticity, specifically late-phase LTP and LTD decay constants.
Single-cell multiomics reveals endothelial mechanosensitive PIEZO1 coupling IL-33 regulates the development of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Chen Shanze , Zhang Lanlan , zhang xin , Gui Xuezhen , Xia Shu , Fu Yingyun , Meng Qian-Fang , Luo Qun , Shi Xing , Guo Bingxin , Liang Ruifang , Yue Ludan , Chen Xue , Xu Haizhao , Wang Pengbo , Tong Xia , Liu Lujie , Wang Lingwei , Li Baicun , Chen Zi , Zhou Linfu , Rao Lang , Ding Bi-Sen , Chen Rongchang
Published: September 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a lethal lung disease characterized by aberrant lung scarring. Vascular endothelial cells (VECs), which activate fibroblasts through secreting pro-fibrotic molecules, are vital for the PF development. However, the regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, by employing single-cell multiomics to analyze samples from PF patients and bleomycin (BLM) and SiO2-induced PF mouse models, we discovered that increased mechanical force and mechanosensitive PIEZO1 on VECs are closely associated with PF development, Subsequently, EC-specific deletion of PIEZO1 significantly reduced BLM-induced mouse PF, thereby further validated the critical role of endothelial PIEZO1 in PF. Mechanistically, PIEZO1 activation couples with a pro-fibrotic molecule interleukin-33 (IL-33) to drive the PF development via calpain-2 (CAPN2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) axis. Additionally, PIEZO1 antagonist GsMTx4 effectively alleviated fibrotic outcome, while agonist YODA1 exacerbated the results in mouse model. Our findings reveals the therapeutic potential of mechanosensitive pathways for PF.
Sliding viscoelastic contacts: Reciprocating adhesive contact mechanics and hysteretic loss
Authors: Violano Guido , Demelio Giuseppe , Afferrante Luciano
Published: September 2024

In this study, we investigate the reciprocating motion of a rigid Hertzian indenter on a viscoelastic substrate with adhesion. We employ a numerical model based on finite element analysis to simulate the problem, utilizing an innovative methodology for solving the sliding problem in the presence of adhesion at the contact interface.

The results show that the behaviour of the system is influenced by both viscoelasticity and adhesion, leading to significant changes in contact pressure distribution and contact length during each cycle of motion. The effect of sliding speed on these parameters is also explored, revealing different regimes in relation to frequency-dependent material response. Energy loss in a reciprocating cycle is primarily attributed to viscous dissipation within the substrate material, which is activated at intermediate sliding speeds. In the rubbery (low speeds) and glassy (high speeds) regions, where the material behaviour is predominantly elastic, no hysteresis is observed in the frictional behaviour.

Adhesion has a noticeable impact on both contact pressure distribution and contact length variation during each cycle; however, has no direct effect on dissipation. This is a relevant result that helps to clarify some previous interpretations of experimental tests. Interestingly, our results also show that there is a lag period after motion reversal where friction aligns with motion direction before eventually changing direction as pressure redistribution occurs within the system.
This phenomenon highlights how changes in contact mechanics affect local tribological interactions and can lead to variations in overall system response.
Comparison of different liver fibrosis scores following sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Heilberger Alexander , Falk Rauchfuss , Utz Settmacher , Felix Dondorf , Aladdin Ali Deeb , Hermann Kissler , Laura Schwenk , Bruns Johanna , Michael Ardelt
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The prevalence of obesity, along with that of its associated health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is increasing annually. Bariatric surgery is indicated for the treatment of obesity if conservative treatment fails. While various liver fibrosis scores have been proposed for assessing liver function, they are typically used prior to bariatric surgery. This study aimed to determine whether fibrosis scores calculated from non-invasive parameters are effective in monitoring liver function after bariatric surgery.
Methods
This study analyzed data from 151 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and were followed up at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 months postoperatively. From the routinely collected parameters, liver fibrosis scores (APRI, Fib-4, BARD, Forns index [FORNS], Lok score [LOK], and NAFLD scores) were calculated retrospectively and compared to diabetes status % excess weight loss (%EWL) and % total weight loss (%TWL) over a 3-year follow-up period.
Results
After SG, APRI, FORNS, and NAFLD scores showed significant improvements, whereas Fib-4, BARD, and LOK scores did not improve. Similarly, body mass index, %EWL, %TWL, and diabetes status also improved significantly. Throughout the 3-year follow-up period, only the APRI and NAFLD scores showed significant improvement.
Conclusion
Only APRI and NAFLD scores changed significantly after SG. Thus, these two scores may be used to reflect and monitor liver function in patients who have undergone SG.
It is not unusual to prescribe glucocorticoids to school children who were mostly formula- fed
Authors: Verd Sergio , Tur Alicia-Esther , Ferragut Ana , Sol Elena , Pareja Ignacio , Mambie Marianna
Published: September 2024

Background: There is mounting evidence on the harmful effects of glucocorticoid bursts prescribed to manage pediatric allergies or respiratory diseases. Therefore, minimizing glucocorticoid use in children deserves all possible support. Given that breastfeeding prevents infectious diseases and inflammation in children several years after the cessation of breastfeeding, we aimed to explore whether breastfeeding also prevents the prescription of glucocorticoids that occurs in these diseases.
Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study in a primary care center of children who attended the well-child clinic at the beginning and end of primary school. Data on glucocorticoid prescription and information on breastfeeding duration were taken from these patients' medical files.
Results: We recruited 95 children with accurate data on glucocorticoid prescriptions and breastfeeding duration. At least one burst of glucocorticoids was prescribed to 47% of schoolchildren. The median time to the first dose of glucocorticoids from birth was three years (IQR, 2-4 y.). Breastfeeding duration below three months was coupled with approximately three times as many days (7.85 vs. 2.77; P=0.031) and three times as many bursts (2.12 versus 0.77; P=0.012) of glucocorticoids compared to breastfeeding beyond three months.
Conclusion: Previous studies have reported the reduction of acute illnesses that may or may not require glucocorticoids among previously breastfed children. Our study took a step further to report the reduction of glucocorticoid bursts among children who were breastfed beyond three months of age. If future studies confirm the results presented at this preliminary stage, the goal of limiting glucocorticoid bursts in ambulatory Paediatrics may be easier to achieve in previously breastfed children.