bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM KASUS TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN MELALUI ARISAN ONLINE DI KEPOLISIAN DAERAH SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Renol Gansalangi Jefri , Widodo Ernu , Sidarta Dudik Djaja , Borman M. Syahrul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan dalam UU No. 19 Tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, menganalisis unsur-unsur antara undang-undang umum dan khusus dalam tindak pidana penipuan melalui arisan online, serta mengetahui sanksi hukum antara undang-undang umum dan khusus terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penipuan melalui arisan online di Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier yang dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa UU ITE mengatur tentang tindak pidana penipuan dalam transaksi elektronik, dengan ancaman pidana penjara paling lama 6 tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak 1 miliar rupiah. Pelaku dapat dipertanggungjawabkan berdasarkan undang-undang umum (KUHPerdata dan KUHP) maupun undang-undang khusus (UU ITE) dalam kasus penipuan arisan online. Sanksi bagi pelaku penipuan melalui arisan online adalah gugatan wanprestasi, pidana penjara maksimal 4 tahun (Pasal 378 KUHP), serta denda maksimal 1 miliar rupiah atau pidana penjara maksimal 6 tahun (Pasal 28 ayat 1 jo Pasal 45A ayat 1 UU ITE). Saran dari penelitian ini adalah agar aparat penegak hukum segera menangkap pelaku dan menindak tegas kasus penipuan arisan online, masyarakat melapor jika mengalami kerugian, serta perlu sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang peraturan dan potensi pidana terkait kejahatan siber.
Keberkesanan dan Persepsi Pelajar Lemah Terhadap Penggunaan Youtube Bagi Pembelajaran Geografi
Authors: Ahmad Sulaiman Zuraidah , Abdul Hanid Mohd Fadzil , Nordin Nurul Syaheeda
Published: October 2024

Penggunaan teknologi pendidikan telah banyak digunakan oleh guru pada era abad ke 21 ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat persepsi pelajar lemah terhadap penggunaan Youtube serta keberkesanan bagi pembelajaran Geografi di sekolah luar bandar dalam pembelajaran topik Geografi fizikal. Kajian ini dilakukan di beberapa buah sekolah menengah kategori sekolah luar bandar di daerah Muar, Johor yang menggunakan persampelan rawak mudah. Rekabentuk kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuasi eksperimental yang terdiri daripada dua kumpulan dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dalam proses pengumpulan data dan penganalisisan data kajian. Sampel kajian adalah pelajar tingkatan 3 terdiri daripada 60 orang pelajar yang dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah set soalan pencapaian untuk mengukur tahap pencapaian dan soalan soal selidik yang diberikan kepada kumpulan rawatan dengan tujuan mengkaji persepsi pelajar lemah terhadap penggunaan Youtube dan keberkesanannya. Penggunaan teknologi dalam pelbagai kaedah pembelajaran dapat merangsang proses belajar pelajar dan dapat memberi impak yang berkesan. Namun dalam pembelajaran Geografi banyak fakta yang perlu diingati dan difahami, maka disebabkan permasalahan ini menyebabkan pelajar mudah bosan dan hilang minat untuk mengetahuinya dan mengakibatkan tahap pencapaian tidak memuaskan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bagi pelajar lemah di kawasan luar bandar strategi pembelajaran menggunakan video ini kurang memberikan kesan tetapi dari segi persepsi pelajar yang belajar menggunakan aplikasi ini memberikan kesan yang positif. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini akan dapat membantu para pendidik mencari kepelbagaian strategi pembelajaran terhadap pelajar lemah di luar bandar supaya memudahkan proses mengingat dan memahami fakta dan konsep dalam pembelajaran Geografi topik Geografi Fizikal.
Los objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y su relación con el Capital Humano
Authors: Pacheco Ramírez Citlalli , García García Dirce Alethia , Amaro Tejeda Angélica Leticia
Published: October 2024

La Agenda 2030 es el más alto modelo de las aspiraciones de la humanidad, en ella se refleja una ruta o guía de acción que, de manera integral, pretende atender las problemáticas a las que se enfrenta la sociedad. El motor de toda acción son las personas, por lo que este trabajo de investigación pretende identificar las posibles acciones que podrían contribuir a atender los pendientes que se observen en la agenda 2030, en relación al capital humano. La respuesta está en el desarrollo de competencias con igualdad y visión a futuro, para atender las necesidades presentes y las que vendrán.
Measuring Becoming a Mother: A Scoping Review of Existing Measures of Matrescence
Authors: Maxwell December , Leat Sarah , Thomas
Published: October 2024

A myriad of scales measure the maternal role transition (matrescence) and its relationship to maternal mental health challenges. However, no synthesis exists. This scoping review aims to synthesize the concepts of matrescence measures as informed by the theory of becoming a mother.
Following the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), database searches included articles from January 1, 1982, through December 14, 2022. Twenty-three existing instruments were identified to measure matrescence.
All the instruments included some constructs of becoming a mother as defined by the theory of becoming a mother. Many measures have been developed and never validated on additional populations after the initial development. These findings provide clinicians with a comprehensive evaluation
of measurements of becoming a mother for use in subsequent studies. Implications include ensuring that measures used in clinical settings are validated and reliable, especially post-COVID-19, in order to heighten discernment when using these measures for screening with those who recently became
mothers.
Provider Types and Perceived Mental Health Discrimination in Health Care Settings: Results of a Canadian Nationally Representative Sample
Authors: Kondrat David C. , Jaggers Jeremiah , Charles Jennifer K. , Bartholomew Joseph
Published: October 2024

An exploratory investigation was conducted to assess the influence of provider types on a client's perception of mental health stigmatization in a health care setting. A subsample of respondents (n = 2,323) to the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health was included
in the analysis. We used multiple regression to investigate the potential associations between provider types and number of providers seen for persons with mental health concerns experiencing health-care-related stigma. Seeking help from some groups was associated with increased odds of experiencing
health care provider stigma. Seeing more professionals was also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing health care provider stigma. The results clarify that individuals who experience mental illness often perceive discrimination and prejudice when seeking mental health treatment.
Given the impact of stigma on treatment-seeking behavior, it is plausible that some mental health providers are contributing to the client's choice not to seek care.
MENELISIK MOTIVASI KEHIDUPAN BERASRAMA DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER MAHASISWI DI ASRAMA ST. THERESA AVILA SEBAGAI CALON KATEKIS STIPAS KEUSKUPAN AGUNG KUPANG
Authors: Bria Bonefantura Jemy , Lundut Adriani Putri Sundari , Taek Emilia Dolorosa
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the motivation for boarding life and its impact on character formation of boarding children at STIPAS Kupang Archdiocese. This research uses qualitative methods with an empirical-rational approach, prioritizing content analysis of data from observations and interviews. The results show that dormitory life provides easier access to campus, opportunities for independent study, involvement in extracurricular activities, and supportive academic facilities. Despite the presence of inhibiting factors such as conflict between residents, academic stress, and lack of staff support, concrete steps have been identified to address these challenges, including education, mediation mechanisms, and increased staff support. Thus, the life of female students in the St. Theresia Avila STIPAS Kupang Archdiocese can be an important contributor in forming the character of female students as prospective catechists, by providing opportunities for the development of skills and values that are important in pastoral ministry.
Book Review: Teaching and Generative AI: Pedagogical Possibilities and Productive Tensions by Beth Buyserie and Travis N. Thurston
Authors: Yigit Mehmet Fatih
Published: October 2024

"Teaching and Generative AI: Pedagogical Possibilities and Productive Tensions," edited by Beth Buyserie and Travis N. Thurston, is a timely and essential addition to the ongoing dialogue about AI's role in education. This book thoroughly examines the opportunities and challenges that AI technologies bring to both traditional and online classroom environments. This comprehensive volume delves into the multifaceted impact of AI on educational practices, offering insights into how these technologies can enhance learning experiences and pedagogical strategies. The editors, Buyserie and Thurston, have curated a collection of essays and studies that highlight the transformative potential of AI in personalizing learning, automating administrative tasks, and providing real-time feedback to students.
Humanizing Online Discussions by remixing AI and #DigitalPowerups
Authors: Thurston Travis
Published: October 2024

This article explores the need to humanize online learning environments while simultaneously developing students' AI literacies and essential academic skills. Fostering meaningful student engagement by integrating AI tools within the #DigitalPowerups strategy for online discussions, educators can enhance both social presence and collaborative knowledge co-construction, creating a more dynamic and interactive learning experience for students. This approach not only supports creativity, critical thinking, and interdependent thinking, but also ensures that students are equipped with the technological competencies required for success in this digital-age. Remixing these elements—humanized learning, AI literacy, and #DigitalPowerups—provides a comprehensive strategy for engaging students more deeply with course content while preparing them to navigate and thrive in modern educational and professional contexts.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Herat province of Afghanistan, 2007-2021
Authors: Niazi Aziz ur Rahman , Mohseni Rovaisa , Alekozay Mina , Niazmand Mohammad Hakim , Amirnajad Ahmad , Rasooli Sayed Abo Bakar
Published: October 2024

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a geographically widespread tick-borne hemorrhagic diseasecaused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). In Afghanistan, the first case of CCHF wasdetected in Takhar province in 1998, after which no additional cases were reported for ten years. The aim ofthis study is to report the analyses of the clinical and epidemiological features of confirmed CCHF cases thatwere recorded in Herat province between 2007 and 2021. This prospective case series study was conducted atHerat Regional Hospital between January 2007 and December 2021. Demographic and clinical data werecollected for each patient; all patients were hospitalized. Biochemical and hematological laboratoryexamination, and the detection of CCHV IgM and viral RNA was performed for all patients. Statistical analyseswere performed in IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26). A total of 252 confirmed CCHF cases including 160(63.5%) males and 91 (36.5%) females, with a mean age of 33.37±14.1 years were included in the study. Themajority of patients were in 11-50 age category, 32.9% were housewife, 38.4% were farmers, shephard, andbutchers. The most prevalent clinical presentations were fever (100%), headache (98.8%), body pain (96.4%),Ecchymosis (48.0%), epistaxis (44.8%) and gum bleeding (33.3%). The majority of cases occurred betweenApril and October. The case fatality rate of CCHF in this study was 2.8%. Considering the significant social,economic and health burden CCHF places on the community, enhanced public health measures are necessaryto control CCHF in Herat province and neighboring regions.
Combining citizen science, phylogenetics, and bioacoustics to inform taxonomy and conservation of the Near Threatened Proceratophrys paviotii (Anura, Odontophrynidae)
Authors: Lacerda João Victor Andrade , Santana Diego J. , Guimarães Carla , Zanoni dos Santos Alice , Araujo Alan P. , Ghilardi-Lopes Natalia Pirani , Mângia Sarah
Published: October 2024

Herein, basel on novel data gathered by citizens scientists and specialists, we contribute to the improvement of scientific knowledge and conservation of the Near Threatened Proceratophrys paviotii in order to: 1) test for the first time the phylogenetic position and a species delimitation of P. paviotii through a molecular approach; 2) describe a larger sample of its advertisement call to properly encompass the species intraspecific variation; 3) describe for the first time the P. paviotii release call; and 4) provide novel insights on the species conservation status. Our 16S tree confidently grouped P. paviotii with P. cururu, P. renalis, and P. laticeps. The average sequence divergence between P. paviotii and its congeners ranged from 2.2% (P. laticeps) to 9.1% (P. redacta). Advertisement calls consisted of a single note with duration of 0.26–0.58 s, 17–41 pulses emitted at rate of 54.19–77.49 pulses/s and peak frequency of 775.19–947.46 Hz. Release calls consisted of a single note with duration of 0.04–0.43 s, 2–13 pulses emitted at rate of 21.17–81.58 pulses/s and peak frequency of 689.1–1,722.6 Hz. Additionally, our study strongly supports the notion that Citizen Science approaches can yield invaluable information concerning species’ geographic distribution and conservation.
Die urheberrechtliche Haftung für KI-Output – Ein Vorschlag für eine Haftungsprivilegierung des Betreibers — Zur interessengerechten Verteilung der Haftungsrisiken bei der Nutzung generativer KI
Authors: Imhof Ralf
Published: October 2024

Durch die zunehmende Verbreitung generativer KI-Systeme liegt es auf der Hand, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Urheberrechtsverletzung durch die Nutzung solcher Systeme zunimmt. Während die Anbieter von KI-Systemen insbesondere durch § 44b UrhG vor der Inanspruchnahme durch Rechteinhaber weitgehend geschützt sind, fehlt eine Privilegierung auf Seiten der Anwender dieser Systeme. Damit das Urheberrecht kein Hemmschuh für die KI-Nutzung in der Praxis wird, bedarf es einer Korrektur des überkommenen Haftungsrechts.
A Percepção Das Variáveis Ambientais Em Um Coworking Em Brasília
Authors: Gadelha Hanna Ramalho , Figueiredo Chenia Rocha , Andrade Liza Maria Souza De , Romero Marta Adriana Bustos
Published: October 2024

Com base na ideia de que a assimilação da arquitetura se dá através da experiência espacial com a interação dos sentidos, o presente estudo avaliou a relação do usuário com o ambiente construído em um Coworking na cidade de Brasília. Utilizando as variáveis ambientais - cores, aromas, sons, formas, biofilia, iluminação e personalização, procurou-se analisar as associações entre o ambiente construído e os usuários. Para a avaliação dos espaços, foram empregadas as ferramentas EAPA – Escala de Autopercepção dos Ambientes e a EAMME – Escala de Ambientes Memoráveis, que consideram a percepção dos usuários conforme suas memórias e experiências. Observou-se, no ambiente avaliado, a preferência por espaços amplos e bem iluminados, a utilização estratégica de cores para melhorar o humor, formas orgânicas e materiais acústicos que promovem sensação de pertencimento e conforto, além da interação com a natureza, que proporciona bem-estar
Peer Group Pressure, Study Habit And Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
Authors: . Mgboro , U Chibueze , . Omebe , A Beatrice , Sabina Ani,
Published: October 2024

The study focused on finding out the relationship between peer group pressure, study habit and academic achievement of secondary school students in Ebonyi North Education Zone of Ebonyi State. Three purposes and three research questions were formulated to guide the study. Three hypotheses were tested. A correlational survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was twenty-four thousand three hundred and sixty nine (24,369) secondary school students. Multistage sampling procedure was adopted for the study. 300 students were randomly sampled for the study. Instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Peer Group Pressure, Study Habit and Academic Achievement. The instrument was validated by three specialist. The internal consistency of the instrument was tested using Crombach Alpha procedure which yielded an overall index of 0.89. Data collected were analyzed using linear regression for research questions. The hypotheses were analyzed using regression tool. The results revealed a negative relationship between peer group pressure and academic achievement; a strong relationship between study habits and academic achievement, and a high relationship between peer group pressure, study habits and academic achievement. Furthermore there is a significant relationship between study habits and academic achievement, and between peer group pressure, study habits and academic achievement. It was recommended among other things that students should pay much attention to their study habits in order to improve their academic achievement
Examining The Integration Of ICT Tools In English Language Teaching: Comparative Analysis Of High School Teachers' Practices In India And Vietnam
Authors: Badoni Ramesh Prasad , Vu Huong
Published: October 2024

This study explores the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in English language teaching practices of high school teachers in India and Vietnam. A survey with chart-based responses was distributed to 60 teachers(30 from each country) from nearby districts. The research investigates howteachers utilize ICT tools, their assessment practices, and perceived effects on student engagement and learning. The findings reveal that both countries employ ICT tools, with a focus on social media platforms, language learning applications, and online dictionaries. Vietnamese teachers demonstrated a slightly higher adoption rate, particularly for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies. While paper-based assessments remain prevalent, online tools like Google Forms and online assessment platforms are gaining traction. Teachers reported positive perceptions of ICT tools, believing they enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. However, challenges were identified, including limited access to technology resources and a lack of training on effective ICT integration. This study highlights the need for further research to directly measure the impact of ICT tools on student achievement. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of addressing teacher training needs to unlock the full potential of ICT tools and create more engaging and effective English language learning experiences for students.
Dispute Settlement Reports 2007
Authors: World Trade Organization
Published: December 2017

The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers, and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. Among others, DSR 2007: III reports on Chile – Price Band System and Safeguard Measures Relating to Certain Agricultural Products - Recourse by Argentina to Article 21.5 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes.
Dispute Settlement Reports 2012
Authors: World Trade Organization
Published: December 2017

The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2012: VI reports on United States - Certain Country of Origin Labelling (COOL) Requirements (WT/DS384, WT/DS386).
Dispute Settlement Reports 2010
Authors: World Trade Organization
Published: December 2017

The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2010: I report on China – Measures Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products (WT/DS363).
Eyes in the Sky Look Closer at Under-Surveyed Northern Forests
Authors: Lanese Nicoletta
Published: December 2017

Spaceborne images give scientists a detailed picture of the boreal forests’ tree heights, which help scientists estimate their contribution to carbon budgets.
Novel schizophrenia risk factor pathways regulate FEZ1 to advance oligodendroglia development
Authors: Chen Xianjun , Ku Li , Mei Ruyi , Liu Guanglu , Xu Chongchong , Wen Zhexing , Zhao Xiaofeng , Wang Fei , Xiao Lan , Feng Yue
Published: December 2017

Neuropsychiatric disorders, represented by schizophrenia, affect not only neurons but also myelinating oligodendroglia (OL), both contribute to the complex etiology. Although numerous susceptibility genes for schizophrenia have been identified, their function has been primarily studied in neurons. Whether malfunction of risk genes underlies OL defects in schizophrenia pathogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the function and regulation of the well-recognized schizophrenia risk factor, Fasciculation and Elongation Protein Zeta-1 (FEZ1), in OL. We found that FEZ1 is expressed in oligodendroglia progenitor cells (OPCs) derived from rodent brains and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture and in myelinating oligodendrocytes in the brain. In addition, a vigorous upregulation of FEZ1 occurs during OPC differentiation and myelinogenesis, whereas knockdown of FEZ1 significantly attenuates the development of OL process arbors. We further showed that transcription of the Fez1 gene in OL cells is governed by a sophisticated functional interplay between histone acetylation-mediated chromatin modification and transcription factors that are dysregulated in schizophrenia. At the post-transcriptional level, the selective RNA-binding protein QKI, a glia-specific risk factor of schizophrenia, binds FEZ1 mRNA. Moreover, QKI deficiency results in a marked reduction of FEZ1 specifically in OL cells of the quakingviable (qkv) hypomyelination mutant mice. These observations have uncovered novel pathways that involve multifaceted genetic lesions and/or epigenetic dysregulations in schizophrenia, which converge on FEZ1 regulation and cause OL impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Mammalian display screening of diverse cystine-dense peptides for difficult to drug targets
Authors: Crook Zachary R. , Sevilla Gregory P. , Friend Della , Brusniak Mi-Youn , Bandaranayake Ashok D. , Clarke Midori , Gewe Mesfin , Mhyre Andrew J. , Baker David , Strong Roland K. , Bradley Philip , Olson James M.
Published: December 2017

Protein:protein interactions are among the most difficult to treat molecular mechanisms of disease pathology. Cystine-dense peptides have the potential to disrupt such interactions, and are used in drug-like roles by every clade of life, but their study has been hampered by a reputation for being difficult to produce, owing to their complex disulfide connectivity. Here we describe a platform for identifying target-binding cystine-dense peptides using mammalian surface display, capable of interrogating high quality and diverse scaffold libraries with verifiable folding and stability. We demonstrate the platform’s capabilities by identifying a cystine-dense peptide capable of inhibiting the YAP:TEAD interaction at the heart of the oncogenic Hippo pathway, and possessing the potency and stability necessary for consideration as a drug development candidate. This platform provides the opportunity to screen cystine-dense peptides with drug-like qualities against targets that are implicated for the treatment of diseases, but are poorly suited for conventional approaches.
Promoter-enhancer interactions identified from Hi-C data using probabilistic models and hierarchical topological domains
Authors: Ron Gil , Globerson Yuval , Moran Dror , Kaplan Tommy
Published: December 2017

Proximity-ligation methods such as Hi-C allow us to map physical DNA–DNA interactions along the genome, and reveal its organization into topologically associating domains (TADs). As the Hi-C data accumulate, computational methods were developed for identifying domain borders in multiple cell types and organisms. Here, we present PSYCHIC, a computational approach for analyzing Hi-C data and identifying promoter–enhancer interactions. We use a unified probabilistic model to segment the genome into domains, which we then merge hierarchically and fit using a local background model, allowing us to identify over-represented DNA–DNA interactions across the genome. By analyzing the published Hi-C data sets in human and mouse, we identify hundreds of thousands of putative enhancers and their target genes, and compile an extensive genome-wide catalog of gene regulation in human and mouse. As we show, our predictions are highly enriched for ChIP-seq and DNA accessibility data, evolutionary conservation, eQTLs and other DNA–DNA interaction data.
Cryo-EM structure of a licensed DNA replication origin
Authors: Abid Ali Ferdos , Douglas Max E. , Locke Julia , Pye Valerie E. , Nans Andrea , Diffley John F. X. , Costa Alessandro
Published: December 2017

Eukaryotic origins of replication are licensed upon loading of the MCM helicase motor onto DNA. ATP hydrolysis by MCM is required for loading and the post-catalytic MCM is an inactive double hexamer that encircles duplex DNA. Origin firing depends on MCM engagement of Cdc45 and GINS to form the CMG holo-helicase. CMG assembly requires several steps including MCM phosphorylation by DDK. To understand origin activation, here we have determined the cryo-EM structures of DNA-bound MCM, either unmodified or phosphorylated, and visualize a phospho-dependent MCM element likely important for Cdc45 recruitment. MCM pore loops touch both the Watson and Crick strands, constraining duplex DNA in a bent configuration. By comparing our new MCM–DNA structure with the structure of CMG–DNA, we suggest how the conformational transition from the loaded, post-catalytic MCM to CMG might promote DNA untwisting and melting at the onset of replication.
The podoplanin-CLEC-2 axis inhibits inflammation in sepsis
Authors: Rayes Julie , Lax Siân , Wichaiyo Surasak , Watson Stephanie K. , Di Ying , Lombard Stephanie , Grygielska Beata , Smith Stuart W. , Skordilis Kassiani , Watson Steve P.
Published: December 2017

Platelets play a critical role in vascular inflammation through the podoplanin and collagen/fibrin receptors, C-type-lectin-like-2 (CLEC-2) and glycoprotein VI (GPVI), respectively. Both receptors regulate endothelial permeability and prevent peri-vascular bleeding in inflammation. Here we show that platelet-specific deletion of CLEC-2 but not GPVI leads to enhanced systemic inflammation and accelerated organ injury in two mouse models of sepsis–intra-peritoneal lipopolysaccharide and cecal ligation and puncture. CLEC-2 deficiency is associated with reduced numbers of podoplanin-expressing macrophages despite increased cytokine and chemokine levels in the infected peritoneum. Pharmacological inhibition of the interaction between CLEC-2 and podoplanin regulates immune cell infiltration and the inflammatory reaction during sepsis, suggesting that activation of podoplanin underlies the anti-inflammatory action of platelet CLEC-2. We suggest podoplanin-CLEC-2 as a novel anti-inflammatory axis regulating immune cell recruitment and activation in sepsis.
Fighting against a protean enemy: immunosenescence, vaccines, and healthy aging
Authors: Del Giudice Giuseppe , Goronzy Jörg J. , Grubeck-Loebenstein Beatrix , Lambert Paul-Henri , Mrkvan Tomas , Stoddard Jeffrey J. , Doherty T. Mark
Published: December 2017

The progressive increase of the aged population worldwide mandates new strategies to ensure sustained health and well-being with age. The development of better and/or new vaccines against pathogens that affect older adults is one pivotal intervention in approaching this goal. However, the functional decline of various physiological systems, including the immune system, requires novel approaches to counteract immunosenescence. Although important progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the age-related decline of the immune response to infections and vaccinations, knowledge gaps remain, both in the areas of basic and translational research. In particular, it will be important to better understand how environmental factors, such as diet, physical activity, co-morbidities, and pharmacological treatments, delay or contribute to the decline of the capability of the aging immune system to appropriately respond to infectious diseases and vaccination. Recent findings suggest that successful approaches specifically targeted to the older population can be developed, such as the high-dose and adjuvanted vaccines against seasonal influenza, the adjuvanted subunit vaccine against herpes zoster, as well as experimental interventions with immune-potentiators or immunostimulants. Learning from these first successes may pave the way to developing novel and improved vaccines for the older adults and immunocompromised. With an integrated, holistic vaccination strategy, society will offer the opportunity for an improved quality of life to the segment of the population that is going to increase most significantly in numbers and proportion over future decades.
The physiological and neuroendocrine correlates of hunger in the Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus)
Authors: Lees J. J. , Lindholm C. , Batakis P. , Busscher M. , Altimiras J.
Published: December 2017

The ability to regulate food intake is critical to survival. The hypothalamus is central to this regulation, integrating peripheral signals of energy availability. Although our understanding of hunger in rodents is advanced, an equivalent understanding in birds is lacking. In particular, the relationship between peripheral energy indices and hypothalamic ‘hunger’ peptides, agouti-related protein (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) is poorly understood. Here, we compare AgRP, POMC and NPY RNA levels in the hypothalamus of Red Junglefowl chicks raised under ad libitum, chronic restriction and intermittent feeding regimens. Hypothalamic gene expression differed between chronically and intermittently restricted birds, confirming that different restriction regimens elicit different patterns of hunger. By assessing the relationship between hypothalamic gene expression and carcass traits, we show for the first time in birds that AgRP and POMC are responsive to fat-related measures and therefore represent long-term energy status. Chronically restricted birds, having lower indices of fat, show elevated hunger according to AgRP and POMC. NPY was elevated in intermittently fasted birds during fasting, suggesting a role as a short-term index of hunger. The different physiological and neuroendocrine responses to quantitative versus temporal feed restriction provide novel insights into the divergent roles of avian hunger neuropeptides.
Preliminary study of confounding factors of elastography and the application of fine-needle aspiration in thyroid nodules with indeterminate elastography
Authors: Wu Qiong , Qu Yanhui , Zang Xuedan , Li Yi , Yi Xiaolei , Wang Yan , Hu Bing
Published: December 2017

To investigate confounding factors of real-time ultrasound elastography (RTE) and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound (US)-guided FNA for thyroid nodules with indeterminate elastography compared with conventional US. This study included 244 nodules with indeterminate elastography caused by several confounding factors (large or small size, deep location, isthmic or paratracheal location, calcification, thyroiditis, conflicting results between conventional US and RTE), and corresponding prevalences of malignancy were calculated. Additionally, conventional US and US-FNA data were collected and compared. The prevalences of malignancy of confounding factors were 74.1%, 75.0%, 73.3%, 46.2%, 27.3%, and 53.2%, respectively. Sonographic features (border, margin, echogenicity, echohomogeneity, and microcalcification) were significantly different between benign and malignant thyroid nodules (p < 0.05), and most of them exhibited good sensitivity but unsatisfactory specificity and accuracy. While US-FNA exhibited better performance with a sensitivity of 96.9%, a specificity of 99.1% and an accuracy of 98.0% in the diagnosis of malignancy. Given that indeterminate RTE is inevitable with a rather high malignant risk due to several confounding factors, our study revealed that US-FNA was a valuable tool in nodules with indeterminate elastography by increasing the detection rate of thyroid malignancy.
Towards sustainable processing of columbite group minerals: elucidating the relation between dielectric properties and physico-chemical transformations in the mineral phase
Authors: Sanchez-Segado Sergio , Monti Tamara , Katrib Juliano , Kingman Samuel , Dodds Chris , Jha Animesh
Published: December 2017

Current methodologies for the extraction of tantalum and niobium pose a serious threat to human beings and the environment due to the use of hydrofluoric acid (HF). Niobium and tantalum metal powders and pentoxides are widely used for energy efficient devices and components. However, the current processing methods for niobium and tantalum metals and oxides are energy inefficient. This dichotomy between materials use for energy applications and their inefficient processing is the main motivation for exploring a new methodology for the extraction of these two oxides, investigating the microwave absorption properties of the reaction products formed during the alkali roasting of niobium-tantalum bearing minerals with sodium bicarbonate. The experimental findings from dielectric measurement at elevated temperatures demonstrate an exponential increase in the values of the dielectric properties as a result of the formation of NaNbO3-NaTaO3 solid solutions at temperatures above 700 °C. The investigation of the evolution of the dielectric properties during the roasting reaction is a key feature in underpinning the mechanism for designing a new microwave assisted high-temperature process for the selective separation of niobium and tantalum oxides from the remainder mineral crystalline lattice.
YVO4:Nd3+ nanophosphors as NIR-to-NIR thermal sensors in wide temperature range
Authors: Kolesnikov I. E. , Kalinichev A. A. , Kurochkin M. A. , Golyeva E. V. , Kolesnikov E. Yu. , Kurochkin A. V. , Lähderanta E. , Mikhailov M. D.
Published: December 2017

We report on the potential application of NIR–to–NIR Nd3+-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles with both emission and excitation operating within biological windows as thermal sensors in 123–873 K temperature range. It was demonstrated that thermal sensing could be based on three temperature dependent luminescence parameters: the luminescence intensity ratio, the spectral line position and the line bandwidth. Advantages and limitations of each sensing parameter as well as thermal sensitivity and thermal uncertainty were calculated and discussed. The influence of Nd3+ doping concentration on the sensitivity of luminescent thermometers was also studied.
Influence of solubilization and AD-mutations on stability and structure of human presenilins
Authors: Yang Ge , Yu Kun , Kaitatzi Christina-Symina , Singh Abhilasha , Labahn Jörg
Published: December 2017

Presenilin (PS1 or PS2) functions as the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase, which produces the toxic amyloid beta peptides in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The dependence of folding and structural stability of PSs on the lipophilic environment and mutation were investigated by far UV CD spectroscopy. The secondary structure content and stability of PS2 depended on the lipophilic environment. PS2 undergoes a temperature-dependent structural transition from α-helical to β-structure at 331 K. The restructured protein formed structures which tested positive in spectroscopic amyloid fibrils assays. The AD mutant PS1L266F, PS1L424V and PS1ΔE9 displayed reduced stability which supports a proposed ‘loss of function’ mechanism of AD based on protein instability. The exon 9 coded sequence in the inhibitory loop of the zymogen was found to be required for the modulation of the thermal stability of PS1 by the lipophilic environment.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Therapeutic effect of molecular hydrogen in corneal UVB-induced oxidative stress and corneal photodamage
Authors: Cejka Cestmir , Kossl Jan , Hermankova Barbora , Holan Vladimir , Kubinova Sarka , Zhang John H. , Cejkova Jitka
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study is to examine whether molecular hydrogen (H2) is able to reduce oxidative stress after corneal damage induced by UVB irradiation. We previously found that UVB irradiation of the cornea caused the imbalance between the antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes in the corneal epithelium, followed by the imbalance between metalloproteinases and their physiological inhibitors (imbalances in favour of prooxidants and metalloproteinases) contributing to oxidative stress and development of the intracorneal inflammation. Here we investigate the effect of H2 dissolved in PBS in the concentration 0.5 ppm wt/vol, applied on rabbit corneas during UVB irradiation and healing (UVB doses 1.01 J/cm2 once daily for four days). Some irradiated corneas remained untreated or buffer treated. In these corneas the oxidative stress appeared, followed by the excessive inflammation. Malondiladehyde and peroxynitrite expressions were present. The corneas healed with scar formation and neovascularization. In contrast, in H2 treated irradiated corneas oxidative stress was suppressed and malondiladehyde and peroxynitrite expressions were absent. The corneas healed with the restoration of transparency. The study provides the first evidence of the role of H2 in prevention of oxidative and nitrosative stress in UVB irradiated corneas, which may represent a novel prophylactic approach to corneal photodamage.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Pilot Trial of Rice Endosperm Protein Supplementation in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Hosojima Michihiro , Shimada Hisaki , Obi Yoshitsugu , Kuwahara Shoji , Kaseda Ryohei , Kabasawa Hideyuki , Kondo Hazuki , Fujii Mikio , Watanabe Reiko , Suzuki Yoshiki , Kadowaki Motoni , Miyazaki Shigeru , Saito Akihiko
Published: December 2017

In maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, low protein intake is associated with protein-energy wasting, a risk factor that affects outcome. However, increased protein intake may lead to hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia, which are also mortality risk factors. Here, we evaluated the safety and effects of purified rice endosperm protein (REP), which contains less phosphorus and potassium than soy and casein proteins, as a supplemental protein source for MHD patients. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot study of REP supplementation (5 g/day × 4 weeks) was carried out in 50 Japanese adult MHD patients (1 dropped out); the primary outcome was the change in the urea kinetic-based normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR), an indicator of protein intake in MHD patients. Intention-to-treat analyses of 24 patients in the REP-first group and 25 in the placebo-first group showed that REP supplementation increased nPCR significantly by 0.07 g/kg/day (95% confidence interval, 0.03–0.11), whereas changes in serum phosphorus and potassium concentrations were not different from the placebo. REP supplementation did not show a significant effect on other nutritional or metabolic parameters and no specific complications. In conclusion, purified REP with efficient bioavailability may be safe and useful for dietary supplementation in MHD patients.
Biodegradation of weathered polystyrene films in seawater microcosms
Authors: Syranidou Evdokia , Karkanorachaki Katerina , Amorotti Filippo , Franchini Martina , Repouskou Eftychia , Kaliva Maria , Vamvakaki Maria , Kolvenbach Boris , Fava Fabio , Corvini Philippe F.-X. , Kalogerakis Nicolas
Published: December 2017

A microcosm experiment was conducted at two phases in order to investigate the ability of indigenous consortia alone or bioaugmented to degrade weathered polystyrene (PS) films under simulated marine conditions. Viable populations were developed on PS surfaces in a time dependent way towards convergent biofilm communities, enriched with hydrocarbon and xenobiotics degradation genes. Members of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were highly enriched in the acclimated plastic associated assemblages while the abundance of plastic associated genera was significantly increased in the acclimated indigenous communities. Both tailored consortia efficiently reduced the weight of PS films. Concerning the molecular weight distribution, a decrease in the number-average molecular weight of films subjected to microbial treatment was observed. Moreover, alteration in the intensity of functional groups was noticed with Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) along with signs of bio-erosion on the PS surface. The results suggest that acclimated marine populations are capable of degrading weathered PS pieces.
Persisting disparities between sexes in outcomes of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm hospitalizations
Authors: Stuntz Mark , Audibert Céline , Su Zheng
Published: December 2017

We sought to describe and analyze discrepancies between sexes in the outcomes of patients hospitalized for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) by conducting a retrospective analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. The review included all adult patients (≥18 years old) hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of rAAA between January 2002 and December 2014. In-hospital mortality differences between females and males were analyzed overall and separately among those receiving endovascular AAA repair (EVAR) or open AAA repair (OAR). In-hospital mortality for females declined from 61.0% in 2002 to 49.0% in 2014 (P for trend <0.001), while mortality for males declined from 48.6% in 2002 to 32.2% in 2014 (P for trend <0.001). Among those receiving EVAR, females were significantly more likely to die in the hospital than males (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12–1.84). In addition, the odds of mortality among those receiving OAR were higher for females than males (adjusted OR, 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00–1.31). These data provide evidence that despite overall decreasing trends in mortality for both sexes, females remain at higher risk of death compared with males regardless of surgical repair procedure.
Frequent discussion of insomnia and weight gain with glucocorticoid therapy: an analysis of Twitter posts
Authors: Patel Rikesh , Belousov Maksim , Jani Meghna , Dasgupta Nabarun , Winokur Carly , Nenadic Goran , Dixon William G.
Published: December 2017

In recent years, social media websites have been suggested as a novel, vast source of data which may be useful for deriving drug safety information. Despite this, there are few published reports of drug safety profiles derived in this way. The aims of this study were to detect and quantify glucocorticoid-related adverse events using a computerised system for automated detection of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADR) from narrative text in Twitter, and to compare the frequency of specific ADR mentions within Twitter to the frequency and patterns of spontaneous ADR reporting to a national drug regulatory body. Of 159,297 tweets mentioning either prednisolone or prednisone between 1st October 2012 and 30th June 2015, 20,206 tweets were deemed to contain information resembling an ADR. The top AE MedDRA® Preferred Terms were ‘insomnia’ and ‘weight increased’, both recognised non-serious but common side effects. These were proportionally over-reported in Twitter when compared to spontaneous reports in the UK regulator’s ADR reporting scheme. Serious glucocorticoid related AEs were reported less frequently. Pharmacovigilance using Twitter data has the potential to be a valuable, supplementary source of drug safety information. In particular, it can illustrate which drug side effects patients discuss most commonly, potentially because of important impacts on quality of life. This information could help clinicians to inform patients about frequent and relevant non-serious side effects as well as more serious side effects.
Dimethyltin-functionalized cyclic selenotungstates based on {Se2W12} units
Authors: Chen Wei-Chao , Wu Si-Tong , Wang Xin-Long , Qin Chao , Su Zhong-Min , Shao Kui-Zhan , Wang En-Bo
Published: December 2017

Two dimethyltin-functionalized cyclic selenotungstates based on {Se2W12} units were obtained, where (CH3)2Sn2+ moieties were first introduced into “pure” POMs wheels.
Structure, thermodynamics, and rearrangement mechanisms in gold clusters—insights from the energy landscapes framework
Authors: Schebarchov D. , Baletto F. , Wales D. J.
Published: December 2017

We use the energy landscapes framework to shed new light on the structural diversity of model AuN clusters (30 ≤ N ≤ 147), and we find optimal transition pathways connecting prominent morphologies.
Nanoassembly of quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride and gold nanospheres
Authors: Nguyen Minh , Kim Sejeong , Tran Toan Trong , Xu Zai-Quan , Kianinia Mehran , Toth Milos , Aharonovich Igor
Published: December 2017

The assembly of quantum nanophotonic systems with plasmonic resonators is important for fundamental studies of single photon sources as well as for on-chip information processing.
CeO2−x/C/rGO nanocomposites derived from Ce-MOF and graphene oxide as a robust platform for highly sensitive uric acid detection
Authors: Peng Bangguo , Cui Jiewu , Wang Yan , Liu Jiaqin , Zheng Hongmei , Jin Li , Zhang Xinyi , Zhang Yong , Wu Yucheng
Published: December 2017

CeO2−x/C/rGO nanocomposites were synthesized and utilized as a platform to construct uric acid biosensors working at a negative potential.
The integrated adjustment of chlorine substitution and two-dimensional side chain of low band gap polymers in organic solar cells
Authors: Yang Zhen , Chen Hui , Wang Huan , Mo Daize , Liu Longzhu , Chao Pengjie , Zhu Yulin , Liu Chuanjun , Chen Wei , He Feng
Published: December 2017

The chlorination and side-chain extension of benzothiadiazole derivatives can finely manipulate the open-circuit voltage in their solar cells.
Investigation of the interactions in CeO2–Fe2O3 binary metal oxides supported on ZSM-5 for NO removal by CO in the presence of O2, SO2 and steam
Authors: Bai Yuting , Wu Wenyuan , Bian Xue
Published: December 2017

The 10Ce–10Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst exhibits superior resistance to O2 and SO2 due to the interaction between Fe2O3 and CeO2.