bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Adverbia Penanda Waktu Bahasa Korea dan Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Megasari Jayanti
Published: August 2020

This is a comparative study of Korean and Indonesian language. This study aims to describe the form of time markers adverbs in Korean and Indonesian and also to analyze the differences and similarities of the time markers of Korean and Indonesian language. The simple sentences in Korean are translated into Indonesian by following the Indonesian language rules that apply as objects of analysis. It is found that (1) the adverb form of time marker in Korean and Indonesian has very noticeable differences; (2) the time marker in Korean is adverb but it is not applied in Indonesian language. On the other hand, the time marker in Indonesian is adverb but in Korean, it is only suffix particles.
Sustaining Software Preservation Efforts Through Use and Communities of Practice
Authors: Rios Fernando , Lassere Monique , Ruggill Judd Ethan , McAllister Ken S.
Published: August 2020

The brief history of software preservation efforts illustrates one phenomenon repeatedly: not unlike spinning a plate on a broomstick, it is easy to get things going, but difficult to keep them stable and moving. Within the context of video games and other forms of cultural heritage (where most software preservation efforts have lately been focused), this challenge has several characteristic expressions, some technical (e.g., the difficulty of capturing and emulating protected binary files and proprietary hardware), and some legal (e.g., providing archive users with access to preserved games in the face of variously threatening end user licence agreements). In other contexts, such as the preservation of research-oriented software, there can be additional challenges, including insufficient awareness and training on unusual (or even unique) software and hardware systems, as well as a general lack of incentive for preserving â€œold data.â€ We believe that in both contexts, there is a relatively accessible solution: the fostering of communities of practice. Such groups are designed to bring together like-minded individuals to discuss, share, teach, implement, and sustain special interest groupsâ€”in this case, groups engaged in software preservation.
In this paper, we present two approaches to sustaining software preservation efforts via community. The first is emphasizing within the community of practice the importance of â€œpreservation through use,â€ that is, preserving software heritage by staying familiar with how it feels, looks, and works. The second approach for sustaining software preservation efforts is to convene direct and adjacent expertise to facilitate knowledge exchange across domain barriers to help address local needs; a sufficiently diverse community will be able (and eager) to provide these types of expertise on an as-needed basis. We outline here these sustainability mechanisms, then show how the networking of various domain-specific preservation efforts can be converted into a cohesive, transdisciplinary, and highly collaborative software preservation team.
[This paper is a conference pre-print presented at IDCC 2020 after lightweight peer review.]
Low-cement concrete dams: construction, structures and innovations
Authors: Aniskin Nikolai A. , Shaytanov Alexey M.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Low-cement concrete dams are water-retaining structures frequently used in modern hydraulic engineering. The number of facilities of this type goes up every year due to their simple design, speedy construction and high economic efficiency. However, a number of problems may arise in the construction and operation of such facilities. In particular, reduced strength and water permeability of interlayer joints may constitute a problem. Temperature effects arising in the course of construction and operation may cause additional deformation of their structure, changes in their stress-strain state, opening of existing cracks and further cracking. The study of the design experience, building and operation of dams made of low-cement concrete will lay the groundwork for the development of similar structures and defect elimination methods. It will also provide an opportunity to learn more about thebehaviour of structures exposed to various conditions, including climatic ones.

Materials and methods. Data on existing dams made of low-cement concrete, research articles, technical reports and conference proceedings, including those issued by the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD), have been collected and analyzed.

Results. The comparative analysis of designs of dams in operation and future-oriented solutions is performed. The co-authors have demonstrated the need for an integrated approach to solving temperature cracking problems by using filtration through the dam body.

Conclusions. The results can be used as the basis for further detailed studies. The comparative analysis of traditional and innovative waterproofing liners will help to effectively choose the protection solution for an upstream face of a facility. New forecasting methods and recommendations aimed at the reduction of negative temperature effects on the operation of facilities can solve the temperature cracking problem.
Assessment of applicability of mike 11-nam hydrological module for rainfall runoff modelling in a poorly studied river basin
Authors: Ghebrehiwot Anghesom A. , Kozlov Dmitriy V.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The need to simulate hydrological processes is caused by, among other factors, the complexity of hydrological systems and data insufficiency due to the unavailability or a small number of instrumental observations. Recently, the reanalysis of the climate data supplied by the world’s leading meteorological centres has been used quite successfully in the regions that suffer from the deficit of instrumental information. This paper assesses the applicability of climate reanalysis data to rainfall runoff (“rainfall runoff”) modelling in the poorly studied river basin in Eritrea. Materials and methods. Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data generated by the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (USA) were used. Besides, high-resolution topographic information, generated by the SRTM international research project, was also applied to set the drainage area boundaries and to simulate the river network using such tools as MIKE and GIS. In addition, calibration and validation (evaluation) of the hydrological model (simulation quality) were performed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency criterion, the determination coefficient, and the root mean square error of volumetric and peak flow rates. Results. The results suggest that a considerable overestimation of precipitation in the reanalysis data set, which in turn has a significant effect on other variables such as potential evapotranspiration, leads to a significant discrepancy between water balance values which are simulated and registered by the hydrographs. Conclusions. The applicability of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data to river flow modelling in arid and semi-arid regions such as Eritrea is questionable. The incompatibility of spatial and temporal variations of initial variables (e.g. precipitation), derived from reanalysis data sets and instrumental observations, is undoubtedly the main reason for errors. Thus, the application of reanalysis data sets and development of hydrological models for the region under study requires further intensive research aimed at identifying most effective mechanisms designated for the harmonization of differences between reanalysis data and field observations. In the course of further research, CFSR information is to be converted into more realistic data; climate reanalysis indicators, provided by other sources and designated for different time scales in the context of the “rainfall runoff” model are to be assessed, and the efficiency of other software systems is to be compared with MIKE 11-NAM.
Application of modular structures and buildings in the design of a hotel facility in high mountain areas (Gili-Su)
Authors: Tezadova Oksana A. , Korshunova Natalia N.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. For a long time the Russian economy has had a unique nature. This is primarily due to the fact that the country has a fuel and raw materials oriented economy; therefore, the welfare of the country depends, as a rule, on such economic activities as the mining industry, in particular, oil and gas industry and metallurgy. The present-day international economy is focused on the service sector, where tourism plays a significant role. Nowadays, tourism is a powerful international industry. It has been recognized as an economic phenomenon of the century for its rapid growth rate. In many countries, tourism plays a significant role in GDP and its generation; it creates new jobs and generates employment opportunities.

Materials and methods. The problem of the underdeveloped tourist infrastructure, including hotel facilities that should offer a wide range of relevant services, including health improvement in the Russian Federation, is exemplified by Kabardino-Balkaria. Kabardino-Balkaria has every important feature characteristic of modern tourism: good climatic conditions, numerous landmarks and items of cultural property. However, one may face a number of construction problems in this territory due to its terrain. The application of modular structures and buildings in the design of a hotel facility in high mountain areas is proposed.

Results. The analysis of the area has been carried out; a huge amount of factual material has been studied; conclusions have been made on the basis of the advantage of using modular structures in this area.

Conclusions. The universality of a modular system enables modules to be combined in any direction, creating a complete structure transportable at any distance.
Methods of on-site inspection of a reinforced concrete bridge exemplified by the bridge over the river Kosopasha
Authors: Piskun Artem S. , Ganets Galina V. , Averchenko Gleb A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. An on-site inspection method is a visual examination of an engineering structure aimed at the detection of defects, damages, and disturbances of a construction facility and further issuance of recommendations for their elimination. An on-site inspection method is among the principal ones applied, as it serves to identify all defects of bridge structures during their service lives.

Materials and methods. The structures of the bridge over the Kosopasha river, located at the 5+910 km of the Pasha – Sviritsa – Zagubye motor road, the Volkhov District, Leningrad Region, were inspected. An on-site inspection method was applied to collect the information and perform the preliminary analysis.

Results. The co-authors described the construction of the bridge elements, including the road deck topping, expansion joints, the safety parapet, sidewalks, hand rails, water insulation, the drain line, the bridge approach, the span, bridge support structures, piers, the bridge abutment, and the under-bridge area. They analyzed the condition of these elements at the time of their inspection; they compiled a report on defects, damages and the bridge deck capacity. The main defects include concrete leaching accompanied by concrete reinforcement denuding, concrete cracking and chipping, absence of safety parapet, partial destruction of rails, and failure of abutment strengthening constructions.

Conclusions. Recommendations for the further operation of the bridge were formulated on the basis of inspection results. A set of measures is proposed with the purpose of eliminating the defects and further safe operation of the bridge structure. The recommendations include a set of repair works in respect of particular joints and constructions: removal of dust and dirt from the elements of the bridge topping and sidewalks, repair of minor damages of reinforced concrete structures, shore protection aimed at abutment reconstruction, installation of the safety parapet.
Mechanical strength of slag crushed stone generated at coal-fired thermal power plants
Authors: Lunev Aleksandr A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Production waste is used in the construction industry worldwide as it helps to cover a considerable portion of the industry’s demand for building materials. Coarse-grained slag deposits (slag crushed stone and sand), formed in the slag washout zone, have more potential for application than other ash and slag mixtures (coarse ASM), but they need more research. Mechanical properties of the slag crushed stone (coarse-grained ASM), formed in the course of coal combustion at Kansk-Achinsk, Kuznetsk coal deposits (in boilers equipped with liquid and dry slag removal facilities) and the application of the slag crushed stone in roadbuilding are considered.

Materials and methods. In the course of the research, the crushability and the deformation modulus of particular fractions of slag crushed stone samples (in dry and water-saturated conditions) taken from the dumps of Novosibirsk TPP-3 (that consumes the coal of the Kansk-Achinsk coal mining field) and from Novosibirsk TPP-2 and Seversk TPP (that consume the coal of the Kuznetsk coal mining field) were identified. To assess the factors influencing the mechanical strength of the slag crushed stone, ignition losses, the content of flaky and acicular particles, dust and clay particles and clay lumps was made.

Results. The difference in the mechanical strength of samples having different genesis was identified. The graphs obtained in the course of testing were assessed and deformability characteristics were calculated (for materials having different fineness values). The factors influencing the mechanical strength of slag crushed stone were determined. Dependencies between deformation parameters and crushability of the slag crushed stone were obtained.

Conclusions. Some mechanical and physical parameters of the slag crushed stone were identified; they were applied to outline potential areas of the slag crushed stone application in road building. The mathematical relationship needed to project the deformation modulus of the slag crushed stone was identified. This relationship will be used to design structures to be made of this material.
Using ground penetrating radars to detect internal defects in concrete foundation slabs
Authors: Zerkal Evgeny O. , Kalashnikov Alexey Yu. , Lapshinov Andrey E. , Tyutyunkov Aleksey I.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The co-authors have analyzed a monolithic reinforced concrete piled raft foundation of a multi-storied residential building under construction. The mission of this research effort is to obtain trustworthy information about the internal structure of a foundation slab, to detect and survey internal defects, if any. This research project is to capture potential problems that may accompany the inspection of a foundation, to generate awareness about ground penetrating radar surveys and their methods that can help to optimize operating processes in the process of inspection.

Materials and methods. The co-authors have employed a method of ground penetrating radar surveying, performed using a regular mesh of orthogonal projections over an easily accessible surface area of a raft foundation and several antennas producing sounding signals with centre frequencies varying within the range of 1,500 and 2,000 MHz.

Results. A number of internal defects has been detected in the structure of a foundation slab, including several horizontal cold joints, cavity pockets and honeycombs. Their presence was later confirmed by control drilling and core material sampling. The information thus obtained was later generalized and entered into surface maps of cold joints, that depicted both the relief and the layout of detected defects in space. The analysis of core material chips has proven that reflecting boundaries are the same as those of the core material destruction; it has also demonstrated the presence of air pockets and the proofs of poor quality concrete mix compaction.

Conclusions. The resolution of the ground penetrating radar method is sufficient to identify features of reinforced concrete slabs significant for their structure; it enables researchers to obtain trustworthy information about the internal structure of a foundation slab and make conclusions about the presence or absence of internal defects inside it, including cold joints, cavity pockets or honeycombs.
Considerações sobre a literatura da região circum-Roraima: originalidade, circulação, transposição e deriva literária
Authors: Carvalho Fábio Almeida
Published: August 2020

Tomando como base o solo da cultura da região circum-Roraima, localizada no extremo norte da América do Sul, na tríplice fronteira Brasil-Guiana-Venezuela, o ensaio discute sobre o fazer teórico e crítico no campo dos estudos literários em nossos dias, quando a onda globalizante convive com os reclames e a inflação do nacional, do local e do étnico, entre outras manifestações minoritárias que ganharam espaço na agenda política e cultural hodierna, com base em uma perspectiva que privilegia a reflexão sobre os modos que a circulação literária e os processos de trocas e transferências literárias e culturais reconfiguraram tanto a literatura quanto os estudos literários.
Dandis, cínicos e céticos: patologias do decadentismo em Wilde, Huysmans e Houellebecq
Authors: Dias Angela Maria
Published: August 2020

O presente ensaio busca apresentar, numa perspectiva comparatista e atualizadora, duas diferentes leituras de temas cruciais ao século XIX, como o dandismo e o decadentismo. Nesse sentido, aproxima, respectivamente, O retrato de Dorian Gray (1890), de Oscar Wilde, e Submissão (2015), de Michel Houellebecq, do romance emblemático À rebours (1884) de Joris-Karl Huysmans. Tanto a obra de Wilde, quanto a de Houellebecq, de maneiras distintas, interpretam tais questões em chaves inusitadas. O primeiro desloca seu refinamento, pelo apetite da crueldade melodramática ao explorar a margem monstruosa de sua época. O segundo desvia-se da melancolia desencantada do seu clima crepuscular, numa deriva satírica e cínica, por reconhecer a convergência entre o decadentismo novecentista e a nossa atualidade distópica e aviltada pelo avanço da desterritorialização do humano.
Mimimi de mulher em ‘memes’: referenciação, estereotipagem e reenunciação
Authors: Feres Beatriz dos Santos , Rebello Ilana da Silva , Ribeiro Patrícia Ferreira Neves , Monnerat Rosane dos Santos Mauro
Published: August 2020

Os posts (publicações) trocados em rede digital demonstram uma multi-interação e projetam uma profícua partilha de informações, opiniões, novos gêneros discursivos e protocolos de comunicação. É esse o caso do meme, um gênero digital emergente, que ganha rapidamente força expressiva e capacidade comunicacional. Justamente pelo seu caráter “replicante”, ao repetir, total ou parcialmente, o dito e/ou o dizer para expressar algo novo e deixar impresso em sua superfície seu caráter imitativo-transformador, representa, de modo explícito, o dialogismo que perpassa todo enunciado. A partir da configuração de memes caracterizados como “mimimi”, isto é, de conteúdo insistentemente questionador, mais especificamente aqueles que focalizam a representação da mulher, pretende-se analisar como é fabricado um estereótipo, pressupondo-se haver representações sociais inicialmente prototípicas com potencial para serem alçadas a generalizações. Destaca-se nessa análise a reenunciação de fórmulas fixas, tão comumente empregada em memes, em um visível processo de intertextualidade/intericonicidade partilhado, sobretudo, ou especificamente, pelos internautas, como fator de reorganização avaliativa de certas representações sociais. A partir de um conjunto de memes criados em torno da máxima “bela, recatada e do lar”, utilizada, inicialmente, pela revista Veja, em abril de 2016, na descrição de Marcela Temer, “primeira-dama”, este trabalho pretende analisar o processo verbo-visual de referenciação nesses enunciados, marcadamente estereotipado, como recurso comunicativo e axiológico relacionado à feminilidade. A base teórica para a análise estará centrada na Teoria Semiolinguística de Análise do Discurso, na interface com a Linguística Textual, com a Teoria das Representações Sociais, com a Semiologia e com aporte relacionado à reenunciação.
La negociación en la oralidad fingida: un estudio sobre las formas de tratamiento en la representación artística del Siglo de Oro Español
Authors: De Oliveira Leandra Cristina , Tavora Beatrice , Soares Sobottka Mary Anne Warken
Published: August 2020

La presente investigación se dedica al análisis cualitativo del fenómeno de las formas de tratamiento en la oralidad fingida manifiesta en la muestra audiovisual Alatriste (2006), cuyo material de audio en español y portugués forma parte del conjunto de muestras del proyecto CEEMO – estudios en Corpus del Español Escrito con Marcas de Oralidad. Fundamentado en una perspectiva que no desvincula el dinamismo de la lengua del dinamismo social, el análisis del objeto lingüístico con base en la oralidad fingida (SINNER, 2011a; 2011b) del texto fuente/español y el texto traducido/portugués parte de los debates teóricos sobre las dimensiones sociales del poder y la solidaridad (BROWN; GILMAN, 2003 [1960]) y el rescate socio-histórico del fenómeno de las formas de tratamiento (BIDERMAN, 1972-1973; FARACO, 2017 [1996]; KING, 2011). Los resultados alcanzados, que a su vez dialogan con tres cuestiones centrales de investigación, orientan el texto traducido a lo que se interpreta como rejuvenecimiento lingüístico.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A NEGOCIAÇÃO NA ORALIDADE FINGIDA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS FORMAS DE TRATAMENTO NA REPRESENTAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA DO SÉCULO DE OURO ESPANHOL A presente pesquisa se dedica à análise qualitativa do fenômeno das formas de tratamento na oralidade fingida que se manifesta na amostra audiovisual Alatriste (2006), cujo material de áudio em espanhol e português faz parte do conjunto de amostras do projeto CEEMO – estudos em Corpus del Español Escrito con Marcas de Oralidad. Fundamentada em uma perspectiva que não desvincula o dinamismo da língua do dinamismo social, a análise do objeto linguístico com base na oralidade fingida (SINNER, 2011a; 2011b) do texto-fonte/espanhol e do texto traduzido/português parte dos debates teóricos sobre as dimensões sociais do poder e da solidariedade (BROWN; GILMAN, 2003 [1960]) e do resgate socio-histórico do fenômeno das formas de tratamento (BIDERMAN, 1972-1973; FARACO, 2017 [1996]; KING, 2011). Os resultados alcançados, que dialogam com as três questões centrais de pesquisa, direcionam o texto traduzido à ideia de rejuvenescimento linguístico.---Original em espanhol.
Outras testemunhas: o tradutor toma a palavra
Authors: Beato Zelina Márcia Pereira , Araújo Aryadne Bezerra de
Published: August 2020

Traçando um paralelo entre tradução e testemunho, propomos discutir o processo tradutório d’Os sertões, de Euclides da Cunha, para o francês.  No desenrolar da sua tarefa, os tradutores dessa obra, Antoine Seel e Jorge Coli,  testemunham uma luta incessante com as línguas para reescrever um original que resiste à inscrição em uma forma diferente da qual foi concebido. Tradução e testemunho estão, portanto, cercados por um double bind, uma dupla injunção entre impossibilidade e necessidade de cumprir a promessa de traduzir o que resiste à tradução: o trauma ou o original. Atestamos essa dupla injunção na esteira do pensamento de Jacques Derrida em Torres de Babel (2002) e Demeure (2000), dois textos que problematizam a tradução e o testemunho como atividades necessárias e impossíveis. O original e seu autor demandam a tradução uma vez que não podem falar em outra língua sem o trabalho do tradutor. Embora reclamada, a tradução não transfere ou repete a totalidade de qualquer sentido, tampouco reproduz uma suposta voz autoral na língua de chegada. Para sustentar o argumento, discutimos como Os sertões tomam a forma de um trauma para seus tradutores. Além da escrita tradutória, investigamos os depoimentos de Seel e Coli sobre suas angústias ao testemunhar a narrativa traumática de Euclides. Tomamos a tradução desse testemunho como exemplo para argumentar que a tradução, no geral, é um processo no qual se testemunha um trauma na língua, uma luta com a própria língua para traduzir o que resiste à tradução.
Null subjects in contemporary Brazilian filmic speech
Authors: De Rosa Gian Luigi
Published: August 2020

The present research, based on a corpus of contemporary Brazilian filmic speech – Urban Carioca Sub-Corpus from the I-Fala Corpus of Luso-Brazilian Film Dialogues as a resource for L1 & L2 Learning and Linguistic Research (DE ROSA et al., 2017) –, illustrates how Brazilian Portuguese (BP) has undergone a process of change regarding the representation of referential subjects. A preference for overt pronominal subjects is on the rise, thus transitioning contemporary Brazilian Portuguese from a null subject language to a partial null subject language. The current paper revisits De Rosa (2017), this time including third person subjects and using actual film dialogue transcriptions rather than scripts. The occurrence of null and overt subjects in the corpus is discussed both quantitatively and qualitatively. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SUJEITOS NULOS NA FALA FÍLMICA BRASILEIRA CONTEMPORÂNEAO presente contributo, baseado numa amostra de fala fílmica brasileira contemporânea – Urban Carioca Sub-Corpus do I-Fala: Corpus of Luso-Brazilian Film Dialogues as a resource for L1 & L2 Learning and Linguistic Research (DE ROSA et al., 2017) –, propõe-se observar o processo de transformação que está atingindo o português brasileiro (PB) que está perdendo, à luz de toda uma série de mudanças linguísticas, as caraterísticas de uma língua de sujeito nulo. Nesse contributo, revisitamos De Rosa (2017), incluindo os sujeitos de terceira pessoa, sempre com o objetivo de registrar, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, a presença do sujeito pleno nos diálogos fílmicos analisados e de confrontar os resultados com os dados da fala espontânea.---Original em inglês.
Complexity, variation and meaning: an integrated view on language and cognition
Authors: Silva Augusto Soares da
Published: August 2020

The complexity of the linguistic system, the variability of meaning and the interindividuality of human cognition are intimately related. By examining language in its effective usage, we cannot help but recognize its great variability and heterogeneity, and one must correlate social variation with conceptual variation. When investigating the variability of meaning, one cannot neglect sociolinguistic variation as one of the factors of this variability, and it becomes inevitable to meet the multidimensionality of meaning in the confluence of its social and conceptual dimensions and in the correlation among perception, action and interaction. Understanding cognition as socioculturally situated makes it inevitable to integrate the social, cultural and interactional aspects in the analysis not only of cognitive capacities in general but also of language. In this study, we attempt to articulate the idea of language as a complex dynamic system with the ascertainment of the intrinsic flexibility of linguistic meaning, which has prototypicality as one of its greater manifestations, and we identify the need for the integration of conceptual and social aspects of language and cognition. We follow the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics, and we argue for the need of advanced multivariate methods that can adequately approach language as a complex dynamic system and a multidimensionality of linguistic meaning.---Original in English.
De música, literatura e línguas: meus caminhos na Linguística e os universos indígenas
Authors: Facó Soares Marília
Published: August 2020

Pela via da memória, este texto reconstitui parte de um percurso de estudos que, sendo pessoal, revela campos de conhecimento que se interpenetram e, ainda, um sujeito que narra e se constitui no próprio processo de narrar. O texto narrativo surge aqui como produto de um esforço interpretativo que, sendo também das áreas de Linguística e Literatura, coloca em cena pesquisadores, instituições, universos indígenas e reúne mundos próximos e distantes.
Literatura nacional e Literatura Comparada: uma perspectiva brasileira
Authors: Jobim José Luís
Published: August 2020

No Brasil, o comparatismo entre culturas e literaturas já estava presente em obras literárias que antecederam a consolidação da Literatura Comparada como disciplina, e professores e pesquisadores de literatura nacional têm sempre recorrido ao comparatismo: comparando escritores e obras, modos de escrever, modos de abordar temas e períodos literários etc. Em outras palavras, o comparatismo não é apenas praticado na disciplina de Literatura Comparada mas também em outras disciplinas de literaturas nacionais. Neste artigo, também argumentarei que "comparáveis" (sempre no plural) não são apenas orientações, como o historiador Marcel Detienne acredita, mas estruturas que contém pelo menos dois objetos diferentes, e teorias ou ideias que os relacionam entre si.
Apresentação
Authors: Silva Silmara Dela , Jorge Silvio Renato
Published: August 2020

Apresentação à Edição Comemorativa da Gragoatá.
Course of a new coronavirus infection in children: some aspects of monitoring and analysis of mortality
Authors: Uskov A. N. , Lobzin Yu. V. , Rychkova S. V. , Babachenko I. V. , Fedorov V. V. , Ulukhanova L. U. , Pochinyaeva L. M.
Published: August 2020

The work objective was to carry out the analysis of the existing in the Russian Federation monitoring of the incidence of new coronavirus infection in children and specific features of death cases caused by COVID-19 in children. Materials and methods. The analysis of the data of operative statistics presented on the sites of the governments of the regions where the incidence among children was considered within the period from April 22, 2020 to June 26, 2020, as well as the data of the Main non-staff experts in infectious diseases in children was performed. The inpatient medical documentation and the data of pathologicoanatomic investigation of children died due to COVID-19 were analyzed. Results. Prevalence of COVID-19 in children from various regions of the Russian Federation was from 1% to 8.6% in the structure of general disease incidence. The asymptomatic and mild forms of the disease which did not require hospitalization, were noted in 55–60% of the cases. 12 death cases associated with COVID-19 were registered for June 22, 2020. The analysis of 8 presented cases showed that 6 patients out of 8 died children were of the first half of the year of life (3 girls and 5 boys). In most cases the children were admitted to the hospital at the 8–12th day of the disease in severe and extremely severe condition due to pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, six patients had fever up to 38–39°С, four patients had signs of consciousness depression. All children were diagnosed with community-acquired bilateral pneumonia according to the data of roentgenography, ultrasound investigation or computer tomography of the chest organs that did not always coincide with the intensity of respiratory syndrome. The direct cause of death was cardiac or pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. Conclusion. The analysis of clinical and laboratory manifestations of COVID-19 with an unfavourable outcome in children revealed some difficulties in the interpretation of its role in thanatogenesis. The significance of comorbid pathologies in the development of unfavourable outcomes is doubtless.
serum 25(oH)D level in patients with CoVID-19
Authors: Karonova T. L. , Andreeva А. Т. , Vashukova М. А.
Published: August 2020

Recently, vitamin D deficiency is considered as a risk factor for the incidence and severity of new coronavirus infection.The aimof this work was to evaluate the vitamin D level of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized with communityacquired pneumonia and compare the value of 25(OH)D in blood serum with the clinical manifestations of the disease.Results.Included are 80 patients aged 18 to 94 years (mean age 53,2 ± 15,7 years), 43 (53,8%) men; with severe course – in 25 (31,3%) patients (12 males), and moderate – in 55 people (68,7%) (31 males). Half of the severely ill patients were obese, and among the deceased patients, the number of obese people was 61,5%, which was significantly higher than the discharged ones – 14,9% (p<0,001). Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases occurred with the same frequency, regardless of the severity of the disease. Analysis of the outcomes of coronavirus infection in these patients showed mortality in 52,0% of cases in severe patients. Serum 25(OH)D level ranged from 3,0 to 88,8 ng / ml (16,7 ± 12,7 ng / ml). It was found that in patients with severe course, the level of 25(OH)D blood was significantly lower (11.9 ± 6.4 ng / ml) and vitamin D deficiency was more common than in patients with moderate to severe course of the disease (18,5 ± 14,0 ng / ml, p = 0,027). The same pattern was revealed in patients with a fatal outcome, where the level of 25(OH)D was 10,8 ± 6,1 ng / ml, compared with this indicator in patients discharged from the hospital (17,8 ± 13,4 ng / ml) (p = 0,02).Conclusions.Vitamin D deficiency and obesity have been found to increase the risk of severe course and death of coronavirus infection.
Experience with the use of recombinant humanized monoclonal antibodies to the human receptor for interleukin-6 in patients with CoVID-19
Authors: Gusev D. А. , Vashukova М. А. , Feduniak I. P. , Musatov V. B. , Kapatsyna V. A.
Published: August 2020

The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has become a truly global challenge for all of humanity, and, above all, for the healthcare system. Among its most important aspects requiring careful analysis are the clinical and laboratory features of the course of the disease, which make it possible to determine approaches to pathogenetic therapy in severe forms of the disease. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of patients (n = 31) of severe COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in St. Petersburg City Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases named after S.P. Botkin ”in March – May 2020. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were evaluated, including the level of ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, interleukin-6, depending on the severity of the disease. The criteria for the appointment of a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody to the human receptor for interleukin-6 (INN – tocilizumab) in patients with a severe course of the disease and its effectiveness are determined. Results. In the treatment of severe patients with COVID-19, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the clinical picture of the course of the disease, which may be ahead of changes in laboratory parameters. The introduction of tocilizumab leads to a rapid regression of general infectious symptoms, subjective and objective manifestations of respiratory failure and, as a consequence, a decrease in the duration of hospitalization. It is extremely important that the drug is administered in a timely manner during the rise of the “cytokine storm”. The time for optimal administration of tocilizumab begins from 8-9 days from the onset of the disease, until the patient is transferred to mechanical ventilation.
Antigenic properties of sARs-CoV-2/human/RUs/nsk-FRCFtM-1/2020 coronavirus isolate from a patient in novosibirsk
Authors: Chepurnov A. A. , Sharshov K. A. , Kazachinskaya E. I. , Kononova Yu. V. , Kazachkova E. A. , Khripko O. P. , Yurchenko K. S. , Alekseev A. Yu. , Voevoda M. I. , Shestopalov A. M.
Published: August 2020

Objective:isolation of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 fromclinical sample of patient with COVID-19 in Novosibirsk; obtaining a purified and inactivated viral antigen and study ofits antigenic properties. Materials and methods: virus isolation was carried out in Vero cell culture from nasopharyngealswab positive on SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The efficiency of SARSCoV-2 replication in cell culture was assessed on the appearance of cytopathic effect (CPE) and the presence of viral RNAin cultural medium with reverse transcription – polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR). Purification, concentration and inactivation of the viral preparation were carried out accordingto standard methods. The purity of the purified preparationand the profile of viral proteins were determined by electrophoresis in 10% polyacrylamide gel (PAG) with the additionof sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The presence and specificity of viral proteins were detected using COVID-19 convalescent’s sera with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and immunoblotting. Results: SARS-CoV-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 isolate was obtained after passage on Vero cells from a virus-containing clinical sample.A purified, concentrated, inactivated, whole-virion antigenwas obtained. It contains three structural proteins: glycoprotein S (approximately 200 kDa), nucleoprotein N (48 kDa),and matrix protein M (20-25 kDa). All viral proteins were detected with serum antibodies of COVID-19 convalescents.Conclusion:SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can be isolated inVero cell culture. The antigenic specificity of the three structural viral proteins (S, N, and M) is preserved in the purifiedinactivated viral preparation. The inactivated whole-virionantigen of SARS-CoV-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020isolate can be used to study the antigenic immunomodulating properties of viral proteins, to obtain immune sera oflaboratory animals, and also as a component of test systemsfor the detection of specific antibodies with ELISA and immunoblotting.
Introductury remarks by the Editor in Chief academician of RAS Lobzin Yu.V.
Authors: Lobzin Yu. V.
Published: August 2020

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Is perinatal CoVID-19 possible: first results
Authors: Vashukova M. A. , Zinserling V. A. , Semenova N. Yu. , Lugovskaya N. A. , Narkevich T. A. , Sukhanova Yu. V.
Published: August 2020

Among the problems associated with a new coronavirus infection, the possibility of its occurrence in pregnant women plays an important role. Until now, there is very little data on perinatal COVID-19, and there are no descriptions of structural changes in the afterbirth at all. Material and methods. A clinical and morphological analysis of 6 cases in which women with verified COVID-19 gave birth in an infectious hospital was performed. In all cases, the placenta was examined in detail morphologically using antibodies to the nucleoprotein and spike (S1 subunit spike protein) SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 Results. It is shown that the clinical course of COVID-19 in pregnant women may be different, three were in the intensive care unit, including one was shown to be on a ventilator. 4 children were born at term, 2 children prematurely (at 31- 33 weeks of pregnancy). The condition of children in 5 nab. was assessed as satisfactory, only one child in serious condition was transferred to a children’s hospital. Intrauterine infection with the polymerase chain reaction documented in a single observation. When histological examination of the afterbirth in all observations, both in the maternal and fetal parts, changes characteristic of RNA viral infection was detected. Both of the studied antigens were found in moderate amounts in IHC. Conclusions. Intrauterine transplacental infection with a new coronavirus is certainly possible. Its frequency and clinical significance require further comprehensive study.
to be or not to be: forecast of Covid-19 epidemic development in Russia
Authors: Danilenko D. M. , Komissarov A. B. , Stukova M. A. , Lioznov D. A.
Published: August 2020

Currently, the intensity of COVID-19 epidemic in Russia is declining. Most of the country’s regions are at the first stage of lifting restrictions; some regions have moved to the second and third phases. At the same time, the development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern hemisphere indicates the continuous circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the world. The article provides statements arguing for the development of the «second wave» of the COVID-19 epidemic in Russia, as well as practical recommendations aimed at preparing for the autumn-winter epidemic season 2020–2021.
Medical rehabilitation of children undergoing CoVID-19
Authors: Lobzin Yu. V. , Cherkashina I. V. , Samoilova I. G.
Published: August 2020

The review presents current literature data on the medical rehabilitation of children undergoing COVID-19. The clinical features and leading syndromes of COVID-19 in children, as well as primary lesions of organs and systems requiring the use of medical rehabilitation methods, are considered. Rehabilitation technologies are proposed depending on the leading clinical syndrome. Information on the main rehabilitation technologies used in children with the consequences of COVID-19 is necessary for the implementation of comprehensive medical rehabilitation at all stages of treatment and recovery.
new coronavirus infection (CoVID-19) in a pregnant woman (clinical case)
Authors: Kovalchuk A. S. , Kutsheriavenko A. N.
Published: August 2020

Currently, there is little data on the effect of coronavirus infection COVID-19 on pregnancy, childbirth, the condition of the fetus, and the postpartum period. The article describes a clinical case of severe coronavirus infection of COVID-19 in a pregnant patient, with the rapid development of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Features of current and intensive therapy of new coronavirus infection in children with comorbidities (clinical cases)
Authors: Pshenisnov K. V. , Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Kaziakhmedov V. A. , Kostik M. M. , Kondrashev I. A.
Published: August 2020

The risk of a severe course of new coronavirus infection(COVID-19) due to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome is extremely high, which is especially true forpatients with comorbidities.The aimof the study is to demonstrate the peculiarities ofthe course and intensive care measures in new coronavirusinfection COVID-19 in children with comorbidities.Patients and methods:On the example of clinical cases,the characteristics of the course of a new coronavirus infection of COVID-19 in children with systemic lupus erythematosus and bronchopulmonary dysplasia are considered.Results:The main data from the history and clinical laboratory examination are reflected, which made it possible toidentify a cytokine storm in a timely manner, a high risk ofadverse course and begin timely specific pathogenetic therapy, including immunoglobulins for intravenous administration, hydroxychloroquine, ritonavir in combination withlopinavir, azithromycin and dexamethasone. Particular attention is paid to the need to limit infusion therapy, maintaina negative water balance and optimal blood oxygen capacity,ambiguity of opinions on the need for routine use of albuminand dexamethasone solutions in patients with COVID-19 hasbeen demonstrated.Conclusion:Children with comorbidities are characterized by a severe course of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which requires timely pathogenetic therapy takinginto account the individual characteristics of the patient.
GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: Entraves para implantação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos no município de Itinga do Maranhão - MA
Authors: Leão Airton Pereira da Silva , Ximendes Ivamírian da Conceição Ramalho , Silva Maria de Fátima Sousa , Ramalho Stefeni da Conceição
Published: August 2020

A implantação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) tornou-se um grande desafio para muitos municípios brasileiros, especialmente para os de pequeno porte; nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a gestão de resíduos sólidos de Itinga do Maranhão - MA, buscando identificar os possíveis entraves existentes por meio de uma análise documental e da realização de um estudo de caso com a aplicação de um questionário semi-estruturado. Os resultados obtidos permitiram a compreensão da gestão municipal dos resíduos sólidos, que está fundamentada no cumprimento das metas, diretrizes e objetivos da PNRS. Dessa forma, a partir da realização da pesquisa foi possível diagnosticar que há a execução de ações e programas conforme as competências da esfera municipal previstas em lei. Embora a gestão tenha se mostrado efetiva na implantação da PNRS, muitos programas ainda se encontram em processo de implementação e os entraves existentes concentram-se na ausência da participação da sociedade e na escassez de incentivos federais, demandando um maior comprometimento dos gestores em busca da máxima efetivação das ações desenvolvidas.Palavras-chaves: Resíduos sólidos; Desenvolvimento sustentável; Gestão.
EFEK GREEN ACCOUNTING TERHADAP MATERIAL FLOW COST ACCOUNTING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEBERLANGSUNGAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Abdullah M. Wahyuddin , Amiruddin Hernawati
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengetahui efek green accounting terhadap material flow cost accounting dalam meningkatkan keberlangsungan perusahaan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2015-2017. Total sampel berjumlah 36 dari 4 perusahaan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda dan analisis regresi moderating dengan pendekatan nilai selisih mutlak. Analisis regresi linear berganda untuk hipotesis MFCA (biaya produksi, luas area pabrik, dan hasil/nilai produksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MFCA (biaya produksi, dan hasil/nilai produksi) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap green accounting. MFCA (luas area pabrik) berpengaruh negatif dalam meningkatkan keberlangsungan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian terkait variabel moderating menunjukkan bahwa green accounting sebagai variabel moderating memperkuat hubungan antara MFCA (hasil/nilai produksi) dalam meningkatkan keberlangsungan perusahaan. Sebaliknya, dalam hipotesis keempat dan kelima green accounting melemahkan hubungan MFCA (biaya produksi, luas area pabrik) dalam meningkatkan keberlangsungan perusahaan.
The precious metals as a segment of the financial market
Authors: Barinov Eduard
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the state of the precious metals market. The main focus is on the gold market, namely, production, demand, and prices. The role of Central banks in the precious metals market is noted. The state of the gold market in certain Western countries is analyzed. The role of London as a global center of gold is noted. The gold market in Russia is considered separately: the production of precious metal, the role of banks, the country,s Central Bank, and gold mining companies. Data on the state of the silver, platinum and palladium markets are provided.
Synergy evaluation in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Bataeva Victoria
Published: August 2020

This paper analyzes the M&A deal of Rostelecom and Tele2 Russia in order to evaluate the synergy effect as a result of consolidation. Discounted cash flow method is applied to determine the companies’ enterprise values. As a result of the research, synergy is equal 38 003 million rubles and the M&A deal is recognized as an effective one.
Financial activity of Russian banks on the stock market
Authors: Guseynov Vilayat
Published: August 2020

The article describes Russian securities market, and also the role of banks in this market. The types of securities that make up the Bank's portfolio are considered. The analysis was carried out on the example of Raiffeisenbank JSC, and the necessary conclusions were drawn
Collective investment instruments in the Russian financial market
Authors: Lakoza Marina
Published: August 2020

The essence of collective investment is revealed. The legal regulation of collective investments in Russia is characterized. Collective investment instruments such as private pension funds, mutual funds and crowdfunding are consistently characterized. The main features of the functioning of these tools in Russian conditions are determined.