bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melanopsin (Opn4) is an oncogene in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: de Assis Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro , Lacerda José Thalles , Moraes Maria Nathália , Domínguez-Amorocho Omar Alberto , Kinker Gabriela Sarti , Mendes Davi , Silva Matheus Molina , Menck Carlos Frederico Martins , Câmara Niels Olsen Saraiva , Castrucci Ana Maria de Lauro
Published: May 2022

The search for new therapeutical targets for cutaneous melanoma and other cancers is an ongoing task. We expanded this knowledge by evaluating whether opsins, light- and thermo-sensing proteins, could display tumor-modulatory effects on melanoma cancer. Using different experimental approaches, we show that melanoma cell proliferation is slower in the absence of Opn4, compared to Opn4WT due to an impaired cell cycle progression and reduced melanocyte inducing transcription factor (Mitf) expression. In vivo tumor progression of Opn4KO cells is remarkably reduced due to slower proliferation, and higher immune system response in Opn4KO tumors. Using pharmacological assays, we demonstrate that guanylyl cyclase activity is impaired in Opn4KO cells. Evaluation of Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database confirms our experimental data as reduced MITF and OPN4 expression in human melanoma correlates with slower cell cycle progression and presence of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Proteomic analyses of tumor bulk show that the reduced growth of Opn4KO tumors is associated with reduced Mitf signaling, higher translation of G2/M proteins, and impaired guanylyl cyclase activity. Conversely, in Opn4WT tumors increased small GTPase and an immune-suppressive TME are found. Such evidence points to OPN4 as an oncogene in melanoma, which could be pharmacologically targeted.
Microbial necromass carbon and nitrogen persistence are decoupled in agricultural grassland soils
Authors: Buckeridge Kate M. , Mason Kelly E. , Ostle Nick , McNamara Niall P. , Grant Helen K. , Whitaker Jeanette
Published: May 2022

Microbial necromass is an important component of soil organic matter, however its persistence and contribution to soil carbon sequestration are poorly quantified. Here, we investigate the interaction of necromass with soil minerals and compare its persistence to that of plant litter in grassland soils under low- and high-management intensity in northwest England. During a 1-year laboratory-based incubation, we find carbon mineralization rates are higher for plant leaf litter than root litter and necromass, but find no significant difference in carbon persistence after 1 year. During a field experiment, approximately two thirds of isotopically-labelled necromass carbon became mineral-associated within 3 days. Mineral-associated carbon declined more rapidly than nitrogen over 8 months, with the persistence of both enhanced under increased management intensity. We suggest that carbon mineralisation rates are decoupled from carbon persistence and that necromass carbon is less persistent than necromass nitrogen, with agricultural management intensity impacting carbon sequestration in grasslands.
Arsenate decreases production of methylmercury across increasing sulfate concentration amendments in freshwater lake sediments
Authors: Mija Aždajić , Jules M Blais , Alexandre J Poulain
Published: May 2022

Methylmercury production rates in freshwater sediments significantly decreased with increasing arsenate concentrations, regardless of sulfate concentrations amended to the sediments.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence poly(dendrimer)s – detrapping excitons for reverse intersystem crossing
Authors: Puttock Emma V. , Ranasinghe Chandana Sampath Kumara , Babazadeh Mohammad , Kistemaker Jos C. M. , Jang Junhyuk , Gao Mile , Huang David M. , Adachi Chihaya , Burn Paul L. , Shaw Paul E.
Published: May 2022

We compare the effect of donor strength on the optoelectronic properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence poly(dendrimer)s and their dendrimer analogues.
Development of a magnetic hybrid material capable of photoinduced phase separation of iron chloride by shape memory and photolithography
Authors: Ikake Hiroki , Hara Shuta , Kurebayashi Sei , Kubodera Minami , Watanabe Shota , Hamada Kazuto , Shimizu Shigeru
Published: May 2022

FeCl3 in the polymer matrix can be partially ordered using photolithography. Ordered FeCl3 has improved magnetic susceptibility.
PharmaChk: a decade of research and development towards the first quantitative, field-based medicine quality screening instrument
Authors: Acevedo Andrew J. , Desai Darash , Zaman Muhammad H. , Apiou-Sbirlea Gabriela
Published: May 2022

We describe the scientific, engineering work over the first ten years of PharmaChk, the first quantitative, portable instrument for medicine quality screening, to illustrate what it takes for academic labs to translate observations into interventions.
A fluorimetric test strip with suppressed “Coffee Ring Effect” for selective mercury ion analysis
Authors: Qiao Yuchun , Fang Yu , Shang Jizhen , Zhao Xiaoting , Li Shuai , Mao Guojiang , Wang Hua
Published: May 2022

To show specific responses to Hg2+ ions, a fluorescent test strip was fabricated using the suppressed “Coffee Ring Effect” of silver nanoclusters coated by gelatin via vacuum-aided fast lyophilization.
Extending growth inhibition during area-selective atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 on aminosilane-functionalized SiO2
Authors: Xu Wanxing , Lemaire Paul C. , Sharma Kashish , Hausmann Dennis M. , Agarwal Sumit
Published: May 2022

Nucleation during area-selective ALD can be significantly delayed by using a lower reactivity precursor at reduced dose.
Multiscale structural regulation of metal–organic framework nanofilm arrays for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Liang Qianwei , Liu Yawen , Xue Ziqian , Zhao Ziyu , Li Guangqin , Hu Jianqiang
Published: May 2022

A novel metal–organic framework (NiCoBDC-Fc) was synthesized via a multiscale structural regulation strategy. The introduction of Co and Fe regulated both the morphology and electronic structure of the catalyst, which enhanced the OER performance.
Spin state engineering of spinel oxides by integration of Cr doping and a p–n junction for water oxidation
Authors: Ma Yingxin , Zhang Yu , Xing Mengyuan , Kang Sailei , Du Mengmeng , Qiu Bocheng , Chai Yang
Published: May 2022

Enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity on spinel Co3O4has been realized by the integration of Cr doping and a p–n heterojunction.
Hierarchical study of mono- and multicharged imidazolium encapsulation in p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene molecular capsules
Authors: Ling Irene , Campbell Cameron L. , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Dalgarno Scott J.
Published: May 2022

p-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene dimers encapsulate mono- and multicharged imidazolium guests within antiparallel bilayer arrays, in one case forming unusual hydrated nanoscale channels that span this common arrangement.
Four Anderson-type [TeMo6O24]6−-based metal–organic complexes with a new bis(pyrimidine)-bis(amide): multifunctional electrochemical and adsorption performances
Authors: Lu Jun-Jun , Liang Ju-Ju , Lin Hong-Yan , Liu Qian-Qian , Cui Zi-Wei , Wang Xiu-Li
Published: May 2022

Four isostructural Anderson-type POM-based metal–organic complexes derived from a new bis(pyrimidine)-bis(amide) ligand were synthesized, showing multifunctional electrochemical sensing activities and good adsorption performances for organic dyes.
Cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles under dark conditions via oxygen vacancy dependent reactive oxygen species generation
Authors: Biswas Aritra , Kar Uddalok , Jana Nikhil R.
Published: May 2022

Synopsis: cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticle is directly correlated with oxygen vacancy defect that generate reactive oxygen species under dark conditions.
Taming non-radiative recombination in Si nanocrystals interlinked in a porous network
Authors: Wu Rihan , Nekovic Elida , Collins Jack , Storey Catherine J. , Canham Leigh T. , Navarro-Cía Miguel , Kaplan Andrey
Published: May 2022

It is possible to control the source of recombination in the same sample of porous silicon by applying a cyclic sequence of hydrogenation–oxidation–hydrogenation processes and, consequently, switching on-demand between Shockley–Read–Hall and Auger recombinations.
Delving into guest-free and He-filled sI and sII clathrate hydrates: a first-principles computational study
Authors: Yanes-Rodríguez Raquel , Cabrera-Ramírez Adriana , Prosmiti Rita
Published: May 2022

Computational first-principles investigations on structural properties and stability of He@sI and He@sII clathrate hydrate crystals.
High throughput chirped pulse Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy of ethanol and water clusters
Authors: Dutton S. E. , Blake G. A.
Published: May 2022

A rotational study of low energy conformers of (CH3CH2OH)3 and (CH3CH2OH)2H2O via the design and construction of a novel instrument for CPFTMW.
Strain-induced spin-gapless semiconductors and pure thermal spin-current in magnetic black arsenic-phosphorus monolayers
Authors: Ji Yutian , Tan Xingyi , Yue Xiaoyu , Sun Yan , Wang Yiyan , Liang Hui , Li Qiuju , Sun Xuefeng , Wu Dandan
Published: May 2022

A promising spin-gapless semiconducting Cl-adsorbed AsP-based spin caloritronic nanodevice is expected to realize pure thermal spin current.
Environmentally benign general synthesis of nonconsecutive carbon-coated RuP2porous microsheets as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts under neutral conditions for energy-saving H2production in hybrid water electrolysis
Authors: Li Yapeng , Wang Wentao , Cheng Mingyu , Qian Qizhu , Zhu Yin , Zhang Genqiang
Published: May 2022

A nonconsecutive carbon-coated RuP2porous microsheet (RuP2@InC-MS) with bifunctionality for HzOR and HER is realized. DFT calculations evidence that C is more thermoneutral for HER while Ru boosts the dehydrogenation kinetics during HzOR process.
Removal of 293 organic compounds in 15 WWTPs studied with non-targeted suspect screening
Authors: McLachlan Michael S. , Li Zhe , Jonsson Lisa , Kaserzon Sarit , O'Brien Jake W. , Mueller Jochen F.
Published: May 2022

The influence of WWTP treatment standard on contaminant breakthrough is explored for 293 compounds.
Accelerated synthesis of dendrimers by thermal azide–alkyne cycloaddition with internal alkynes
Authors: Amaral Sandra P. , Correa Juan , Fernandez-Megia Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Optimized reaction conditions and a strict alignment to green chemistry principles allow the accelerated preparation of a G5 dendrimer in less than 12 h by combining the thermal azide–alkyne cycloaddition and azide substitution reactions.
Techno-economic performances and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of various ammonia production pathways including conventional, carbon-capturing, nuclear-powered, and renewable production
Authors: Lee Kyuha , Liu Xinyu , Vyawahare Pradeep , Sun Pingping , Elgowainy Amgad , Wang Michael
Published: May 2022

The techno-economic performances and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of conventional NG-based, carbon-capturing, and nuclear-powered or renewable ammonia production are evaluated.
In situ Fmoc removal – a sustainable solid-phase peptide synthesis approach
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Sharma Anamika , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Albericio Fernando
Published: May 2022

In-situ Fmoc removal leading to sustainable Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS).
A facile “off–on” pattern based on one-pot synthesis of N-doped carbon dots for sensitive detection of Ag+and S2O32−
Authors: Chen Qinqin , Liu Huiling , Niu Na , Feng Wei , Hou Juan
Published: May 2022

A fluorescent sensing platform based on the “off–on” mode is proposed for the detection of low concentrations of Ag+and S2O32−.
A thermostable terbium(iii) complex with high fluorescence quantum yields
Authors: Chen Bao-Li , Sun Yan-Mei , Xiang Hua , Lin Mu-Xiong , Li Jian-Han , Huang Yong-Liang
Published: May 2022

A fan-shaped complex (C6H16N)3[Tb2(Hsal)3(NO3)6] (1) was obtained and characterized. High luminescence quantum yields of 90%/78%/53% and lifetimes of 1.71/1.72/1.71 ms were obtained at room temperature/80 °C/180 °C, respectively.
Exploring the membrane fluidity of phenyl boronic acid functionalized polymersomes using the FRAP technique and their application in the pH-sensitive release of curcumin
Authors: Priyanka Damera Deepthi , Nag Amit
Published: May 2022

FRAP study to examine alterations in the membrane fluidity of functionalized polymersomes and pH responsive targeted delivery of curcumin.
New pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives as EGFR inhibitors with anticancer and apoptotic activities: design, molecular modeling and synthesis
Authors: Osman Ibrahim A. , Ayyad Rezk R. , Mahdy Hazem A.
Published: May 2022

In connection with our efforts in the development of new anticancer agents, herein we report the design and synthesis of new small pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile based derivatives.
Electrodeposition preparation of NiCo2S4 nanoparticles on a N-doped activated carbon modified graphene film for asymmetric all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Cui Linlin , Xu Hanping , An Yingrui , Xu Mincai , Lei Zijie , Jin Xiaojuan
Published: May 2022

The active conductive material NiCo2S4 was electrodeposited on the activated carbon-modified graphene flexible substrate to fabricate flexible electrodes for supercapacitors.
d-Allose, a rare sugar. Synthesis of d-allopyranosyl acceptors from glucose, and their regioselectivity in glycosidation reactions
Authors: Del Vigo Enrique A. , Stortz Carlos A. , Marino Carla
Published: May 2022

Although d-allose (d-All) is a sugar with low natural abundance, it has great pharmacological and alimentary potential due to its biological properties.
Topological transformation construction of a CoSe2/N-doped carbon heterojunction with a three-dimensional porous structure for high-performance sodium-ion half/full batteries
Authors: Geng Jitao , Sun Chencheng , Xie Juan , Dong Huilong , Wang Zhefei , Wei Huaixin , Cheng Yafei , Tian Yahui , Geng Hongbo
Published: May 2022

A CoSe2/N-doped carbon heterojunction with a three-dimensional porous structure is synthesized via a topological transformation process, which delivers superior sodium storage performance.
Room-temperature coalescence of Pd nanoparticles with sacrificial templates and sintering agents, and their catalytic activities in the Suzuki coupling reaction
Authors: Okada Soichiro , Nakahara Yoshio , Watanabe Mitsuru , Tamai Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Yajima Setsuko
Published: May 2022

Porous Pd structures with high catalytic performance were prepared by dipping a tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) paste of Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on a glass substrate into a KOH methanol solution at room-temperature.
Photophysical characterization and fluorescence cell imaging applications of 4-N-substituted benzothiadiazoles
Authors: Doloczki Susanne , Holmberg Karl O. , Fdez. Galván Ignacio , Swartling Fredrik J. , Dyrager Christine
Published: May 2022

Herein we report the structure–photophysical relationship and cell imaging utility of a series of N-substituted benzothiadiazoles.
Enhanced photodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether on oxygen vacancy-enriched Bi2MoO6
Authors: Li Qin , Jin Xueqing , Yang Meiying , Shen Qi , Sun Chunyan
Published: May 2022

The photocatalytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether is successfully achieved on oxygen vacancy-enriched Bi2MoO6via a position selective multi-electron mechanism.
Self-standing sulfur cathodes enabled by a single Fe site decorated fibrous membrane for durable lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhao Gang , Chen Qiujie , Wang Lei , Yan Tianran , Li Hongtai , Yuan Cheng , Mao Jing , Feng Xuefei , Sun Dan , Zhang Liang
Published: May 2022

Self-standing sulfur cathodes with fibrous skeletons and porous structures were fabricated by incorporating Fe single atoms into electrospun carbon nanofibers, leading to enhanced polysulfide retention and catalysis for Li–S batteries.
Fast photostimulus-responsive ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence behaviour of benzoic acid derivatives@boric acid
Authors: Cheng Yi , Fan Wenwen , Wang Longjie , Liu Yanxiong , Yang Shaoxiong , Shi Yonggang , Liu Shixi , Zheng Liyan , Cao Qiue
Published: May 2022

A series of ultralong RTP materials with photostimulus-responsive behavior were prepared by facile doping processes.
A multi‐objective multi‐agent deep reinforcement learning approach to residential appliance scheduling
Authors: Lu Junlin , Mannion Patrick , Mason Karl
Published: May 2022

Residential buildings are large consumers of energy. They contribute significantly to the demand placed on the grid, particularly during hours of peak demand. Demand‐side management is crucial to reducing this demand placed on the grid and increasing renewable utilisation. This research study presents a multi‐objective tunable deep reinforcement learning algorithm for demand‐side management of household appliances. The proposed tunable Deep Q‐Network (DQN) algorithm learns a single policy that accounts for different preferences for multiple objectives present when scheduling appliances. These include electricity cost, peak demand, and punctuality. The tunable Deep Q‐Network algorithm is compared to two rule‐based approaches for appliance scheduling. When comparing the 1‐month simulation results for the tunable DQN with an electricity cost rule‐based benchmark method, the tunable DQN agent provides a statistically significant improvement of 30%, 18.2%, and 37.3% for the cost, peak power, and punctuality objectives. Moreover, the tunable Deep Q‐Network can produce a range of appliance scheduling policies for different objective preferences without requiring any computationally intensive retraining. This is the key advantage of the proposed tunable Deep Q‐Network algorithm for appliance scheduling.
The SEDIGISM survey: Molecular cloud morphology
Authors: Neralwar K. R. , Colombo D. , Duarte-Cabral A. , Urquhart J. S. , Mattern M. , Wyrowski F. , Menten K. M. , Barnes P. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Rigby A. J. , Mazumdar P. , Eden D. , Csengeri T. , Dobbs C. L. , Veena V. S. , Neupane S. , Henning T. , Schuller F. , Leurini S. , Wienen M. , Yang A. Y. , Ragan S. E. , Medina S. , Nguyen-Luong Q.
Published: May 2022

The Structure, Excitation, and Dynamics of the Inner Galactic InterStellar Medium (SEDIGISM) survey has produced high (spatial and spectral) resolution 13CO (2−1) maps of the Milky Way. It has allowed us to investigate the molecular interstellar medium in the inner Galaxy at an unprecedented level of detail and characterise it into molecular clouds (MCs). In a previous paper, we classified the SEDIGISM clouds into four morphologies. However, how the properties of the clouds vary for these four morphologies is not well understood. Here, we use the morphological classification of SEDIGISM clouds to find connections between the cloud morphologies, their integrated properties, and their location on scaling relation diagrams. We observe that ring-like clouds show the most peculiar properties, having, on average, higher masses, sizes, aspect ratios, and velocity dispersions, compared to other morphologies. We speculate that this is related to the physical mechanisms that regulate their formation and evolution; for example, turbulence from stellar feedback can often result in the creation of bubble-like structures. We also see a trend of morphology with the virial parameter, whereby ring-like, elongated, clumpy, and concentrated clouds have virial parameters in decreasing order. Our findings provide a foundation for a better understanding of MC behaviour, based on their measurable properties.
Modeling the thermal conduction in the solar atmosphere with the code MANCHA3D
Authors: Navarro A. , Khomenko E. , Modestov M. , Vitas N.
Published: May 2022

Context. Thermal conductivity is one of the important mechanisms of heat transfer in the solar corona. In the limit of strongly magnetized plasma, it is typically modeled by Spitzer’s expression where the heat flux is aligned with the magnetic field.

Aims. This paper describes the implementation of the heat conduction into the code MANCHA3D with an aim of extending single-fluid MHD simulations from the upper convection zone into the solar corona.

Methods. Two different schemes to model heat conduction are implemented: (1) a standard scheme where a parabolic term is added to the energy equation, and (2) a scheme where the hyperbolic heat flux equation is solved.

Results. The first scheme limits the time step due to the explicit integration of a parabolic term, which makes the simulations computationally expensive. The second scheme solves the limitations on the time step by artificially limiting the heat conduction speed to computationally manageable values. The validation of both schemes is carried out with standard tests in one, two, and three spatial dimensions. Furthermore, we implement the model for heat flux derived by Braginskii (1965, Reviews of Plasma Physics, 205) in its most general form, when the expression for the heat flux depends on the ratio of the collisional to cyclotron frequencies of the plasma, and, therefore on the magnetic field strength. Additionally, our implementation takes into account the heat conduction in parallel, perpendicular, and transverse directions, and provides the contributions from ions and electrons separately. The model recovers Spitzer’s expression for parallel thermal conductivity in the strongly magnetized limit but also transitions smoothly between field-aligned conductivity and isotropic conductivity for regions with a low or null magnetic field. We describe the details of the implementation of Braginskii’s thermal conductivity using a combination of the first scheme for the perpendicular and transverse directions and the second scheme for the parallel component. We estimate thermal conductivities in a quiet-Sun model. In this model, we find that the perpendicular and transverse components for electrons and ions and the parallel component for ions might have some significance below the transition region. Above the transition region only the parallel component for ions might be important. Finally, we present a two-dimensional test for heat conduction using realistic values of the solar atmosphere where we prove the robustness of the two schemes implemented and show that our adaptation of the hyperbolic treatment offers a great advantage over the computational cost of the simulations.
A snapshot of statistical methods used in experimental immunoblotting: a scoping review
Authors: Gosselin Romain-Daniel
Published: May 2022

Background: Among the many avenues considered to make life science more reproducible, the improvement of the quality and openness of statistical methods has taken centre stage. However, although disparities across research fields and techniques are not unknown, they remain largely unexplored. Objectives: Provide an overview of statistical methods used in biochemical research involving immunoblotting (also referred to as western blotting), a technique frequently used to quantify proteins of interest. Source of evidence: PubMed. Eligibility criteria: Studies reporting immunoblots with quantitative interpretation (statistical inference). Charting Methods: A reverse chronological systematic sampling was implemented to analyse 2932 experimental conditions (i.e., experimental groups) from 64 articles published at the end of 2021. The statistical test (actual study size n = 67) and software (actual study size n = 61) used for each article and the sample size for each experimental condition were documented. Results: The results indicate an overhelming number of parametric tests, mostly one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, 15/67) and Student’s t-test (13/67), but for many articles the statistical procedure was not clearly stated (23/67). GraphPad Prism was the most commonly used statistical package (36/61), but many (14/61) articles did not reveal the package used. Finally, the sample size was disclosed in only 1054/2932 conditions in which its median value was 3 (IQR = [3–6]). Conclusion: This study suggests that the transparency of reporting might be suboptimal in immunoblotting research and prompts the need for more comprehensive reviews in the future.
Lumière et électromagnétisme au prisme de l'amitié entre Fresnel et Ampère
Authors: Amouyal Edmond
Published: May 2022

La théorie ondulatoire de la lumière d'Augustin Fresnel et celle de l'électrodynamique d'André-Marie Ampère sont les fruits d'une véritable collaboration - peu connue - entre deux savants, courageux face aux tenants des théories dominantes, fidèles en amitié et géniaux. Elles constituent deux des plus grandes découvertes scientifiques du XIXe siècle, survenues durant l'admirabile tempus 1815-1820.
Gen-III : les différentes technos au banc d’essai
Authors: Jacoud Jean-Luc
Published: May 2022

La prise en compte des accidents nucléaires majeurs (Three Mile Island, Tchernobyl) puis des attentats du 11 septembre 2001, et enfin plus récemment de l’accident de Fukushima en 2011, a débouché sur la conception d’une nouvelle génération de réacteurs nucléaires. Ils doivent être plus sûrs et permettre une meilleure acceptabilité sociétale tout en garantissant une amélioration des performances économiques. Sur la base de ces principes, plusieurs modèles de réacteurs de cette nouvelle génération dite génération 3 (Gen-III) ont été développés. Parmi eux, cinq gammes sont déjà en exploitation. Passage en revue.
Architectural skin for a stadium: an eco-sustainable alternative
Authors: Salcedo Calderón Jesus David , García Farias Ángela , García-Luna Romero Ana Cristina
Published: May 2022

The concern for improving environmental conditions makes current architecture focus on eco-sustainable designs that, hand in hand with technology applied in sustainable materials and innovative designs, mitigate the pollution that affectsSanta Catarina, Nuevo León, Mexico. The baseball stadium construction project would be located in this place that suffers from serious pollution since it is affected by the surrounding industries, which leave as a result damage to its water and air (due to metals, garbage dumps in the river and that affect the air), another factor that affects is the climate whose average is 23 degrees per year with variations ranging from 7 to 43 degrees Celsius, making it a place that requires intervention by architects where design and construction are applied. eco-sustainable construction at low costs, through a project in which the customs of the stadium users make them aware of the use of resources.
Modelling of Child Seat Dependencies for Digital Information Services using Semantic Technologies
Authors: Bischoff Sophie
Published: May 2022

With the increasing importance of knowledge management and the growing amount of data in industry, a field of application for semantic technologies has emerged with the representation of knowledge in the area of technical communication. Semantic networks and ontologies offer a high degree of intelligence and can make complex relationships interpretable for humans and machines alike. This aspect can lead to an improvement in the classification, connection, and delivery possibilities of content. Technical documentation is one of many areas where semantic technologies and knowledge graphs can add value to industry. This paper should give an outlook on how semantic technologies can be used in different use cases by companies in the domain of technical communication in the future. Based on a use case of a German company of the child seat industry, the use of semantic technologies and their various use cases in technical communication is shown. The company has started to use semantic technologies to simplify processes and to provide their digital information products in a user- and context-oriented way. This paper focuses on the possibilities that the use of semantic technologies, especially ontologies, provides in a company. It also highlights the difficulties that can arise in the transition and transformation of data.
A comparative analysis of the state-of-the-art lossless image compression techniques
Authors: Rahman Atiqur , Hamada Mohamed , Rahman Asfaqur
Published: May 2022

Lossless data reduction is essential for data transmission over the Internet and the storage of data in a digital device when data loss is not permitted. The application of image compression is essential for image storing, image classification, and image recognition, and image compression techniques compress an image by reducing redundancy in the image. Many image compression standards have already been developed. This article compares the most popular state-of-the-art lossless image compression techniques, and the methods are evaluated based on the bits per pixel or compression ratio. Finally, we recommend which of the algorithms is better for a few different datasets.
The development of a chatbot using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Tsakiris Giorgos , Papadopoulos Christos , Patrikalos Giannis , Kollias Konstantinos-Filippos , Asimopoulos Nikolaos , Fragulis George F.
Published: May 2022

Chatbots are artificial intelligence systems that comprehend the intent, context, and sentiment of the user, interact properly with them leading to an increased development of their creation, the past few years. In this study, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are applied as the classifier and some specific tools for tokenization are used for the creation of a chatbot. Taking into account that it is difficult to apply any algorithm in text, we use a technique called “Word Embedding”, which converts a text into numbers in order to run text processing. Specifically, “Word2Vec” Word Embedding technique was applied. AlexNet, LeNet5, ResNet and VGGNet CNN architectures were utilised. These architectures were compared for their accuracy, f1 score, training time and execution time. The results obtained highlighted that there were significant differences in the performance of the architectures applied. The most preferable architecture of our study was LeNet-5 having the best accuracy compared to other architectures, the fastest training time, and the least losses whereas it was not very accurate on smaller datasets such as our Test Set. Limitations and directions for future research are also presented.
A Low-cost Raspberry Pi-based Control System for Upper Limb Prosthesis
Authors: Masaki Watanabe , Ikechukwu Ogbodo Mark , Ben Abdallah Abderazek
Published: May 2022

recent years, robots have been introduced in most factories. However, manual work still continues to be done in some places where giant robots cannot be installed. In particular, traditional Japanese crafts are done by hand, and people that engage in such crafts are called craftsmen. Generally, such artisans need years of training and cannot become experts right away. One of the problems these artisans face is the lack of successors. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a raspberry pi hardware based control method for a prosthetic hand using hand gestures from camera sensor, which will allow a prosthetic hand to learn the hand movements of the craftsmen and perform the crafts. The advantage of this is that there is no need for training, which usually takes years. To control the prosthetic hand, hand gestures are captured from a camera sensor, converted to HSV and binarized, and then classified into one of five gestures using a CNN implemented on the raspberry pi hardware. The recognized gesture is then relayed to the prosthetic hand to mimic the classified gesture. A dataset containing 2000 captured images of each gesture was created to evaluate the performance, and these gestures clearly define the closing and opening of the fingers. Using a 32×32 hand gesture image dataset captured from camera, we validated the trained CNN first in software for hand recognition without using Raspberry Pi, and achieved an accuracy of 99.63%, and then implemented on the raspberry pi, and performed real-time evaluation by recognizing five hand gestures captured from the camera sensor in real-time. Out of the hand gestures, four were correctly recognized. We presented the design of a low-cost prosthetic hand based on raspberry pi hardware, and evaluated its real-time hand gesture recognition. The evaluation result show that the proposed system is able to correctly recognize four hand gestures.
Suitability of self-organizing service composition approach for smart healthcare ecosystem: A study
Authors: Poornima Sharon , Immanuel Ashok
Published: May 2022

Future IoT systems will be deployed in open environments where the functionality of millions of IoT devices that are heterogeneous will be abstracted. In such a large scale system manual service composition is not feasible and often erroneous. A self-organizing service composition is a well known approach to deal with the problems in IoT systems. In a self-organizing service composition, the service composition is a runtime and autonomous process and human intervention is minimal. The atomic components will interact among themselves in a decentralized manner to form complex composites according to a set of self-organizing rules. The features of a self-organizing software composition are aptly suitable for the IoT domain. Smart healthcare has provided affordable healthcare for patients and enables them to self manage emergencies. This paper aims to establish the suitability of a self-organizing service composition for the smart healthcare ecosystem with special focus on real time monitoring applications.
A music sharing platform using an embedded system
Authors: Baras Nikolaos , Sideris Dimitrios , Dasygenis Minas
Published: May 2022

Due to the rapid growth of technology over the last few decades, the urban e-waste generation rate has constantly been increasing. Discarded electronic appliances such as mobile phones, computers and televisions have caused increasing environmental concerns. Recycling and reusing these products is the only way to make a sustainable environment. In this paper, we propose a low cost system based on the Arduino Nano microcontroller that uses obsolete hardware that would otherwise be considered garbage, such as floppy and disk drives to play music using MIDI files. The system can be used as an instrument in schools to teach students about music, about how sound is produced and also compose music. The cost of the proposed system is lower compared to other implementations found in literature. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the proposed prototype by using a wide range of audio files in different scenarios.
Tech-Aided Interventions for Vocational Skills in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Sarri Kyriaki , Syriopoulou-Delli Christine K.
Published: May 2022

Employment appears to be one of the greatest problems individuals with ASD have to deal with during their transition to adult life. In particular, unemployment or underemployment appears to be common among them, which suggests a gap in employment theory and practice focusing on the needs of this population. Tech-aided interventions appear to be promising since they can provide them opportunities to access competitive employment. The purpose of the current article is to examine the use of technology in interventions for adolescents and young adults with ASD in school, home, and community settings. In particular, it focused on the users of technology, the goals addressed, the type of technology employed, the contexts in which intervention practices were employed, and the outcomes for adolescents and young adults with ASD. In most of the studies, positive results were recorded and the importance of the work-related social skills was underlined. Technology appears to show potential for the enhancement of vocational skills of adolescents and young adults with ASD. Future research should focus on the improvement of work-related social skills and the skills needed for successful job seeking and an interview process. The maintenance and the generalization of the acquired skills should be examined too.
Snare devices with thinner loop wire may provide higher performance for cold snare polypectomy in an experimental model
Authors: Ono Satoshi , Maejima Kyohei , Ito Shun , Hosaka Shosuke , Umeki Kiyotaka , Sato Shin-ichiro , Akamine Kota , Asai Daichi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Snare devices play an important role in treatment of intestinal polyps. However, there are no objective measurements for the characteristics of the various types of snare devices.

Materials and methods Seven types of snare devices from four manufacturers were evaluated based on original measurements. The evaluated factors were stiffness, cutting quality, and change in force required for cutting depending on sheath shape. The latter two factors were evaluated by measuring the force required to cut 20 % gelatin cylinders, which simulated intestinal polyps. The cutting sharpness was evaluated by observing the sectional surface of cut gelatin cylinders using a stereomicroscope. The correlations between these measurements and characteristics of the snare devices were investigated.

Results A strong positive correlation, with an R2 value of 0.863, was shown between the force required to cut gelatin cylinders and loop wire diameter. Loop wire diameter also had a strong correlation, with an R2 value of 0.7997, with the change in force required for cutting gelatin cylinders depending on sheath shape. No correlations were detected between loop stiffness and characteristics of snare devices. The edge-enhanced image revealed that the rougher surfaces of the gelatin cylinders were cut by snares with a thicker diameter.

Conclusions Thinner loop wire may provide higher performance in cold snare polypectomy in an experimental model.
Improved detection of early gastric cancer with linked color imaging using an ultrathin endoscope: a video-based analysis
Authors: Khurelbaatar Tsevelnorov , Miura Yoshimasa , Osawa Hiroyuki , Ino Yuji , Takezawa Takahito , Iwashita Chihiro , Nomoto Yoshie , Tsunoda Masato , Ueno Takashi , Takahashi Haruo , Nagayama Manabu , Fukuda Hisashi , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Ultrathin endoscopy causes a minimal gag reflex and has minimal effects on cardiopulmonary function. Linked color imaging (LCI) is useful for detection of malignancies in the digestive tract. The aim of this study was to clarify whether LCI with ultrathin endoscopy facilitates detection of early gastric cancer (EGC) despite its lower resolution compared with high-resolution white light imaging (WLI) with standard endoscopy.

Patients and methods This was a retrospective analysis with prospectively collected video, including consecutive 166 cases of EGC or gastric atrophy alone. Ninety seconds of screening video was collected using standard and ultrathin endoscopes with both WLI and LCI for each case. Three expert endoscopists assessed each video and the sensitivity of detecting EGC calculated. Color difference calculations were performed.

Results Sensitivities using ultrathin WLI, ultrathin LCI, standard WLI, and standard LCI for the identification of cancer were 66.0 %, 80.3 %, 69.9 %, and 84.0 %, respectively. The color difference between malignant lesions and surrounding mucosa with ultrathin LCI and standard LCI were significantly higher than using ultrathin WLI or standard WLI, supported subjectively by the visibility score. Ultrathin LCI color difference and visibility score were significantly higher than standard WLI.

Conclusions LCI with a low-resolution ultrathin endoscope is superior to WLI with a high-resolution standard endoscope for gastric cancer screening. This suggests that the high color contrast between EGC and the surrounding mucosa is more important than high-resolution images.
Artificial intelligence-assisted optical diagnosis for the resect-and-discard strategy in clinical practice: the Artificial intelligence BLI Characterization (ABC) study
Authors: Rondonotti Emanuele , Hassan Cesare , Tamanini Giacomo , Antonelli Giulio , Andrisani Gianluca , Leonetti Giovanni , Paggi Silvia , Amato Arnaldo , Scardino Giulia , Di Paolo Dhanai , Mandelli Giovanna , Lenoci Nicoletta , Terreni Natalia , Andrealli Alida , Maselli Roberta , Spadaccini Marco , Galtieri Piera Alessia , Correale Loredana , Repici Alessandro , Di Matteo Francesco Maria , Ambrosiani Luciana , Filippi Emanuela , Sharma Prateek , Radaelli Franco
Published: May 2022

Background Optical diagnosis of colonic polyps is poorly reproducible outside of high volume referral centers. The present study aimed to assess whether real-time artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optical diagnosis is accurate enough to implement the leave-in-situ strategy for diminutive (≤ 5 mm) rectosigmoid polyps (DRSPs).

Methods Consecutive colonoscopy outpatients with ≥ 1 DRSP were included. DRSPs were categorized as adenomas or nonadenomas by the endoscopists, who had differing expertise in optical diagnosis, with the assistance of a real-time AI system (CAD-EYE). The primary end point was ≥ 90 % negative predictive value (NPV) for adenomatous histology in high confidence AI-assisted optical diagnosis of DRSPs (Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable endoscopic Innovations [PIVI-1] threshold), with histopathology as the reference standard. The agreement between optical- and histology-based post-polypectomy surveillance intervals (≥ 90 %; PIVI-2 threshold) was also calculated according to European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and United States Multi-Society Task Force (USMSTF) guidelines.

Results Overall 596 DRSPs were retrieved for histology in 389 patients; an AI-assisted high confidence optical diagnosis was made in 92.3 %. The NPV of AI-assisted optical diagnosis for DRSPs (PIVI-1) was 91.0 % (95 %CI 87.1 %–93.9 %). The PIVI-2 threshold was met with 97.4 % (95 %CI 95.7 %–98.9 %) and 92.6 % (95 %CI 90.0 %–95.2 %) of patients according to ESGE and USMSTF, respectively. AI-assisted optical diagnosis accuracy was significantly lower for nonexperts (82.3 %, 95 %CI 76.4 %–87.3 %) than for experts (91.9 %, 95 %CI 88.5 %–94.5 %); however, nonexperts quickly approached the performance levels of experts over time.

Conclusion AI-assisted optical diagnosis matches the required PIVI thresholds. This does not however offset the need for endoscopistsʼ high level confidence and expertise. The AI system seems to be useful, especially for nonexperts.
Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction for Emphysema: Review and Update
Authors: Koster Theodoor David , Dijk Marlies Van , Slebos Dirk-Jan
Published: May 2022

In carefully selected patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterized by emphysema and hyperinflation, lung volume reduction is an option to reduce lung hyperinflation, improve lung function, quality of life, and exercise capacity. Currently, there are several bronchoscopic and surgical treatment options to achieve lung volume reduction. It is important to carefully phenotype these patients, to select the optimal treatment option, with consideration of possible adverse events or contraindications, and it is highly recommended to discuss these treatment strategies in a multidisciplinary team. The treatment with one-way endobronchial valves has been investigated most extensively and more data are available regarding the treatment of more “marginal cases,” or subsequent lung volume reduction surgery. Other bronchoscopic lung volume reduction options include treatment with coils, thermal vapor ablation, and sclerosant agents. In this review, we aim to summarize the current clinical evidence on the bronchoscopic lung volume reduction therapies and important aspects regarding optimal patient selection.
Herding in different states and terms: evidence from the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Ali Syed Riaz Mahmood
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of the herding nature in the cryptocurrency market. We use the first 200 crypto coins data ranked based on market capitalization on January 1, 2020, to show the analysis. We illustrate the crypto investors' herding nature and intensity in different terms (by using daily, weekly, and monthly frequency data) and various states (high vs. low EPU states and high vs. low VIX states). We also demonstrate the magnitude of the herding effect on the next day's market returns in the cryptocurrency market.
Regional powers, global aspirations: lessons from India and Iran
Authors: Fawcett Louise , Jagtiani Sharinee L.
Published: May 2022

This paper offers a revised and decentred perspective on regional power behaviour in world politics. Our revisionist approach departs from existing accounts by incorporating three key elements. First, in focusing attention on the regional–global nexus within which the international relations of regional powers have been conducted, demonstrating how regions can be mobilised as part of a status-seeking strategy at the global level. Second, examining this nexus historically: historical trajectories are vital sites of learning about the long-standing ambitions and policies of regional powers. Third, drawing on insights from critical geopolitics in highlighting the fluid and socially constructed nature of regions. We illustrate the interdependence of regional strategies and global outlooks through the cases of India and Iran, states in which we find parallels and shared insights demonstrating the value of a revisionist approach to analysing regional power behaviour, especially as their rise and growing capabilities inform a changing world order.
Liquid dripping dynamics and levitation stability control of molten Ti–Al–Nb alloy within electromagnetic fields
Authors: Liang C. , Wang H. P. , Zhang P. C. , Wei B.
Published: May 2022

The dripping dynamics of the electromagnetically levitated (EML) liquid Ti–Al–Nb alloy under high temperatures was investigated by both numerical simulation based on the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method and corresponding EML experiments. A dripping formation parameter εD was defined to describe the critical shape of alloy droplet. According to the simulated results, the high-temperature dripping phenomenon took place when εD < 0.68, which was in good agreement with experimental data. When dripping event occurred, the Lorentz force applied on alloy droplet decreased by approximately 11.7% within 0.07 s. Three typical methods were accordingly proposed to avoid the dripping failure of a bulk liquid Ti–Al–Nb alloy, which was implemented by enhancing electric current, adjusting levitation coil diameter, or increasing coil winding number. To control the droplet shape, the deformation pattern and the flow behavior of the liquid alloy were studied in a wide current range from 700 to 1400 A. With the increase in excitation current, the cone-shaped alloy melt transformed to a rhombus, and the flow behavior transformed from a typical four toroidal flow vortexes up to a complex eight toroidal flow vortexes. Moreover, the centroid position of liquid alloy rose up significantly at first and then slowly approached to levitation ceiling.