bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade vs. PD-1 monotherapy in metastatic melanoma: a real-world study
Authors: Klein-Brill Avital , Amar-Farkash Shlomit , Rosenberg-Katz Keren , Brenner Ronen , Becker Jürgen C. , Aran Dvir
Published: February 2024

Background

In light of the substantial toxicity associated with combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade (ipilimumab and nivolumab), we assessed its efficacy and safety against anti-PD-1 monotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) in patients with metastatic melanoma under real-world conditions.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational study involving 962 patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma who initiated adjuvant treatment between January 2017 and December 2021 across outpatient clinics in the United States. We adjusted for variables such as age, sex, ECOG performance status, comorbidity index, social deprivation index, metastatic sites, BRAF mutation status, and year of treatment. Outcomes included overall survival (OS) and post-treatment hospitalizations, analyzed using propensity score adjustment and inverse probability of treatment weighted Kaplan–Meier estimators.

Results

After adjusting for all variables, no significant difference in OS was observed between treatment protocols in the overall cohort (P = 0.417). In patients with multi-organ metastasis (involvement of more than two organ systems), combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade was associated with improved OS (P = 0.033). Conversely, monotherapy yielded significantly better OS in patients with oligo-organ metastasis (involvement of two or fewer organ systems; P = 0.008). Patients with oligo-organ metastasis also experienced higher hospitalization rates due to immune-related adverse events when treated with combination therapy (31.2% vs. 8.5%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our real-world data indicate that combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade is most beneficial for patients with multi-organ metastasis, while those with oligo-organ metastasis fare better with PD-1 monotherapy. The underlying reasons for these observations—whether they are due to differences in the characteristics of multi- and oligo-metastatic melanomas or the risk-benefit profile of the therapies—remain to be elucidated. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced approach to treatment regimens for stage IV melanoma patients.
Regulatory sites of CaM-sensitive adenylyl cyclase AC8 revealed by cryo-EM and structural proteomics
Authors: Khanppnavar Basavraj , Schuster Dina , Lavriha Pia , Uliana Federico , Özel Merve , Mehta Ved , Leitner Alexander , Picotti Paola , Korkhov Volodymyr M
Published: February 2024

Membrane adenylyl cyclase AC8 is regulated by G proteins and calmodulin (CaM), mediating the crosstalk between the cAMP pathway and Ca2+ signalling. Despite the importance of AC8 in physiology, the structural basis of its regulation by G proteins and CaM is not well defined. Here, we report the 3.5 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the bovine AC8 bound to the stimulatory Gαs protein in the presence of Ca2+/CaM. The structure reveals the architecture of the ordered AC8 domains bound to Gαs and the small molecule activator forskolin. The extracellular surface of AC8 features a negatively charged pocket, a potential site for unknown interactors. Despite the well-resolved forskolin density, the captured state of AC8 does not favour tight nucleotide binding. The structural proteomics approaches, limited proteolysis and crosslinking mass spectrometry (LiP-MS and XL-MS), allowed us to identify the contact sites between AC8 and its regulators, CaM, Gαs, and Gβγ, as well as to infer the conformational changes induced by these interactions. Our results provide a framework for understanding the role of flexible regions in the mechanism of AC regulation.
Determination of [Glu1]-fibrinopeptide B purity by gas chromatography – isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Dongmei , Wang Xianxia , Zou Jun , Song Jiayi , Su Ping , Yang Yi , Wu Liqing
Published: February 2024

The present work assessed the purity of [Glu1]-fibrinopeptide B (GFB) as a model peptide using gas chromatography – isotope dilution mass spectrometry.
A label-free aptasensor based on electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on silver-based metal–organic frameworks for measuring ochratoxin A in black and red pepper
Authors: Amini-Nogorani Elaheh , Zare Hamid R. , Jahangiri-Dehaghani Fahime , Benvidi Ali
Published: February 2024

Schematic of the construction process of the electrochemical aptasensor used to measure ochratoxin A.
Development of a generic sample preparation method using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the monitoring of leachable compounds in hospital pharmacy-prepared prefilled drug products
Authors: Bello William , Pezzatti Julian , Rudaz Serge , Sadeghipour Farshid
Published: February 2024

Performant sample preparation is mandatory in any leachable study to clean and preconcentrate analytes within the sample to offer the best possible extraction recovery as well the best precision for any given substance.
ABCD of IA: A multi-scale agent-based model of T cell activation in inflammatory arthritis
Authors: McBride David A. , Wang James S. , Johnson Wade T. , Bottini Nunzio , Shah Nisarg J.
Published: February 2024

The study develops a computational framework to model factors that lead to the evolution of autoreactive T cells in inflammatory arthritis. The results provide a tool for planning immunomodulatory strategies focused on new disease-modifying agents.
The association between vitamin K intake and dyslipidemia in US adults: the mediating effect of insulin resistance
Authors: Wang Fengdan , Sun Mengzi , Guo Ruirui , Wu Zibo , Wang Xuhan , Yang Yixue , Liu Yan , Dong Yibo , Wang Sizhe , Yan Shoumeng , Li Bo
Published: February 2024

Vitamin K intake-met DRI and non-IR were associated with lower risk of dyslipidemia including high TG and low HDL-C. IR partly mediated the association of vitamin K intake with high TG and low HDL-C.
A novel water developable tetraphenyltin-based nonchemically-amplified molecular resist for sub-13 nm lithography
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Chen Jinping , Yu Tianjun , Zeng Yi , Guo Xudong , Wang Shuangqing , Hu Rui , Tian Peng , Vockenhuber Michaela , Kazazis Dimitrios , Ekinci Yasin , Yang Guoqiang , Li Yi
Published: February 2024

A single-component nonchemically-amplified resist (n-CAR) based on a tetraphenyltin derivative (SnMSF4) was developed for electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithography, giving resolutions of 20 and 13 nm patterns, respectively.
Melt stability of carbonic anhydrase in polyethylene oxide for extrusion of protein–polymer composite materials
Authors: Hays Samuel S. , Pokorski Jonathan K.
Published: February 2024

Enzymatic membranes manufactured via hot melt extrusion present an exciting, scalable route towards energy efficient separations.
Enhanced HP1α homodimer interaction via force-induced salt bridge formation: implications for chromatin crosslinking and phase separation
Authors: Tsukamoto Shingo , Khavani Mohammad , Domkam Nya , Mofrad Mohammad R. K.
Published: February 2024

Unlocking chromatin dyanamics: force-driven salt bridges may spearhead compaction and phase transition.
Binder-free germanium nanoparticle decorated multi-wall carbon nanotube anodes prepared via two-step electrophoretic deposition for high capacity Li-ion batteries
Authors: Pham Xuan-Manh , Abdul Ahad Syed , Patil Niraj Nitish , Geaney Hugh , Singh Shalini , Ryan Kevin M.
Published: February 2024

Binder-free Ge/CNT electrodes are prepared via two-step EPD on the current collector. The electrodes exhibited superior long-term cycle stabilities & rate capabilities, suggesting an effective approach to fabricating battery electrodes in LIBs.
Enzyme-polymer conjugates with photocleavable linkers for control over protein activity
Authors: Tan Mikayla F. , Hosier Brock M. , Forsythe Neil L. , Maynard Heather D.
Published: February 2024

Polymer-lysozyme conjugates with ortho-nitrobenzyl linkages were synthesized by grafting-to and grafting-from approaches. Polymer cleavage with light resulted in recovery of enzyme activity.
Metal-free three-component tandem cyclization for modular synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzothiazin-4-ones
Authors: Zhang Guan , Wan Huimin , Dong Na , Zhu Antong , Zhou Yao , Song Qiuling
Published: February 2024

The first three-component cyclization reaction of benzo[c][1,2]dithiol-3-ones based on S–S bond cleavage is disclosed herein.
Zinc and sulfur functionalized biochar as a peroxydisulfate activator via deferred ultraviolet irradiation for tetracycline removal
Authors: Qin Yixue , Wang Sheng , Zhang Bingbing , Chen Weijie , An Mingze , Yang Zhao , Gao Hairong , Qin Shuhao
Published: February 2024

The synergetic activation of PDS by biochar activator and UV-irradiation with biochar as a responsive photocatalyst and the functionalization of the co-doped Zn and S endowed the biochar SC-Zn with a significantly enhanced catalytic performance.
A DFT approach to correlate the physical characteristics of novel chalcopyrites ASbN2(A = Li, Na) for green technology
Authors: Munir Junaid , Qaid Saif M. H. , Yousaf Masood , Moeen ud din  , Ghaithan Hamid M. , Ali Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed , Ain Quratul
Published: February 2024

This research article provides the electronic, structural, mechanical, optical and thermoelectric properties of LiSbN2 and NaSbN2 chalcopyrites using density functional theory implemented in wien2k code.
Tandem manganese catalysis for the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective hydroboration of terminal alkynes: in situ precatalyst activation as a key to enhanced chemoselectivity
Authors: Duran Arroyo Victor , Arevalo Rebeca
Published: February 2024

The manganese(ii) complex [Mn(iPrPNP)Cl2] (iPrPNP = 2,6-bis(diisopropylphosphinomethyl)pyridine) was found to catalyze the stereo- and regioselective hydroboration of terminal alkynes employing HBPin (pinacolborane).
Target-activated multicolor fluorescent dyes for 3D imaging of plasma membranes and tracking of apoptosis
Authors: Pan Junjun , Peng Xin , Yao Chuangye , Zuo Jiaqi , Lei Tingting , Feng Hui , Zhang Kewei , Zhu Engao , Qian Zhaosheng
Published: February 2024

A complete set of multicolor fluorescent dyes for plasma membranes has been developed based on a modular strategy to achieve long-term and 3D imaging of the plasma membrane and dynamic monitoring of apoptosis and plasmolysis of plant cells.
Retraction: Synthesis of a chiral dinuclear Cu(ii)-benzothiazolamine complex: evidence of cuprophilic interaction in its structure and exploration of its electrochemical properties and catalytic performance
Authors: Stephen Ojo O. , Sale Halilu , Symes Mark D. , Wilson Claire
Published: February 2024

Retraction of ‘Synthesis of a chiral dinuclear Cu(ii)-benzothiazolamine complex: evidence of cuprophilic interaction in its structure and exploration of its electrochemical properties and catalytic performance’ by O. Stephen Ojo et al., Dalton Trans., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3dt02994h.
First total synthesis of caerulomycin K: a case study on selective, multiple C–H functionalizations of pyridines
Authors: Dimasi Alessandro , Failla Mattia , Montoli Arianna , Citarella Andrea , Ronchi Paolo , Passarella Daniele , Fasano Valerio
Published: February 2024

A radical change: the first 3-steps total synthesis of caerulomycin K was achieved exploiting Minisci chemistry using cheap starting materials.
Tracking accelerated oxygen evolution reaction enabled by explosive reconstruction of active species based on CoxN@NC
Authors: Choi Hyung Wook , Kim Jiwon , Bang Hyeon-Seok , Badawy Khaled , Lee Ui Young , Jeong Dong In , Kim Yeseul , Hamad Kotiba , Kang Bong Kyun , Weon Byung Mook , Oh Hyung-Suk , Singh Nirpendra , Yoon Dae Ho
Published: February 2024

The development of a hierarchical structure of Co/Co4N@NC has been successfully achieved. The robust oxygen evolution reaction activity of Co/Co4N@NC is attributed to the modulation of the d-band center, which reconstruct Co2+ into Co3+.
Two new Cd-based metal–organic frameworks for afterglow detection of Fe3+ and NH3
Authors: Zhang Wen-Qi , Zhang Bo-Lun , Wang Ting , Chen Jun , Li Zhong-Yi , Wang Rui-Hong , Liu Shuqin , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: February 2024

The present study showcases two Cd-based MOFs that exhibit potential as afterglow probes for the “turn off” and “turn on” detection of Fe3+ ions and NH3, respectively.
Transient stability analysis of virtual synchronous generator with current saturation by multiple Lyapunov functions method
Authors: Li Yujun , Liu Jingrui , Liu Yonghui , Yang Songhao , Du Zhengchun
Published: February 2024

This paper demonstrates that the switching of one grid‐connected virtual synchronous generator (VSG) between two control modes, namely constant voltage control (CVC) and current limiting control (CLC) happens at the derived two switching lines. Based on the current limiting inequality, the traditional current‐switched model is transferred to the angle‐switched model proposed here, and the system can be studied as one switched dynamic system. Based on this model, the transient stability of VSG with controller limits is investigated. This is achieved by constructing Lyapunov functions for each subsystem and deriving the relationship between the values of Lyapunov functions constructed under different conditions at the switching moment. The stability of the system is ensured when the Lyapunov function of each subsystem presents a decreasing trend in two consecutive switching intervals. On this basis, the stability boundary of the switching system is derived. Further analysis shows that optimal adjustment of the saturation current angle can make the system reach the maximum stability boundary. Finally, the numerical simulations and experimental tests verify the correctness of the proposed analysis.
Sustainability assessment: Testing and validating a hierarchical framework in the Portuguese wine sector context
Authors: Trigo Ana , Marta-Costa Ana , Fragoso Rui
Published: February 2024

Wine-grape growing is extremely vulnerable to climate change impacts for deeply relying on weather conditions. Considering the notable shortage of multidimensional instruments designed specifically to assess sustainability of winegrowing systems, a three-tier hierarchical framework has been developed. This work presents an initial testing of the theoretical framework´s assessment approach, and its capacity to take the context in which the evaluation is taking place into account. For such, after the presentation of general assumptions of the framework, figurative cases of the Portuguese wine industry were evaluated regarding one of the 27 themes of the assessment tool. The theme here tested and presented (theme water use and wastewater) is composed by three sub-themes, with three indicators each. At the end, nine indicators covering from the water footprint, to the wastewater management or local water availability were measured and evaluated. Information gathered and used for this work was based on literature and official sources involved in collecting and elaborating water related data. Results of this initial validation were promising and showed that structured and hierarchical design approaches may be a functional way to holistically assess the sustainability performance of complex production sectors such as the wine industry.
Verified vintages: Leveraging blockchain to stop wine fraud
Authors: Heussner Jochen , Paul Kramer Michael , Hanf Jon
Published: February 2024

Wine fraud and counterfeiting is a problem that spans from entry level wines to cult bottles. It poses significant challenges such as impacting consumer trust and causing financial losses. The study explores potential blockchain-based applications used to prevent wine fraud. Responding to the research questions regarding how blockchain technology can help prevent wine fraud and what potential benefits and limitations may exist in this context, we performed a literature review and conducted an exploratory use case analysis of over 100 solutions. Our findings unveiled that only a few operationalized use cases exist. These are predominantly based on non-fungible tokens (NFTs), which are employed for verification of authenticity purposes. We also found that the adoption is at an early stage. While the benefits of using blockchain are promising, further research should be performed to address its potential limitations within the organizational, technical, as well as legal and regulatory realms.
A Method of Cover Audio Selection for Embedding Based on Various Criteria
Authors: Noor Azam Muhammad Harith , Ridzuan Farida , Mohd Sayuti M. Norazizi Sham , Azni A.H. , Ali Pitchay Sakinah , Mohd Alwi Najwa Hayaati
Published: February 2024

The main goal of an audio steganography method is to improve the capacity, im-perceptibility, and robustness. Several methods of audio steganography have been proposed to enhance its capabilities. To further optimize the efficiency of the audio steganography method, this paper proposes to select the appropriate audio cover for concealing the message. The selection of an appropriate cover can significantly improve the quality of the output and facilitate the development of innovative audio steganography techniques. This paper proposed a new audio cover selection method, which can further enhance the characteristics of the resulting output. This method ranked each cover according to the qualities that need to be boosted using various measurements. These measurements are the Maximum Available Space (MAS), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Bit Error Rate (BER) for capacity, imperceptibility, and robustness respectively. Based on the experiment conducted using five cover audios stored in the self-created database, each audio is ranked differently based on the measurement used to determine its characteristic level. In conclusion, the proposed cover selection method can be used to select the most proper cover, hence improving the characteristics of audio steganography.
A Comparative Evaluation on Data Transformation Approach for Artificial Speech Detection
Authors: Tan Choon Beng , Ahmad Hijazi Mohd Hanafi
Published: February 2024

The rise of voice biometrics has transformed user authentication and offered enhanced security and convenience while phasing out less secure methods. Despite these advancements, Automatic Speaker Verification (ASV) systems remain vulnerable to spoofing, particularly with artificial speech generated swiftly using advanced speech synthesis and voice conversion algorithms. A recent data transformation technique achieved an impressive Equal Error Rate (EER) of 1.42% on the ASVspoof 2019 Logical Access Dataset. While this approach predominantly relies on Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the backend classifier for artificial speech detection, it is vital to explore a broader range of classifiers to enhance resilience. This paper addresses this research gap by systematically assessing classifier efficacy in artificial speech detection. The objectives are twofold: first, to evaluate various classifiers, not limited to SVM, and identify those best suited for artificial speech detection; second, to compare this approach's performance with existing methods. The evaluation demonstrated SVM-Polynomial as the top-performing classifier, surpassing the end-to-end learning approach. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of classifier efficacy and equips researchers and practitioners with a diversified toolkit for building robust ASV spoofing detection systems.
Vorbereitung auf eine Pandemie
Authors: Yan Xiaowei , Barbero Francesco , Wunderlich Robert
Published: February 2024

Pandemien sind unvorhersehbare Ereignisse, die erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die
weltweite Gesundheit und Gesellschaft haben können. Sie ereignen sich,
wenn ein Pathogen auftritt, gegen das der Mensch keine oder nur eine geringe
Immunität besitzt. Planung und Vorbereitung sind wesentliche Schritte,
um das Risiko und die Auswirkungen einer Pandemie zu mindern, die Reaktion zu
steuern und ein normales Leben wiederherzustellen.
Nachwirkungen der Corona-Pandemie und Corona-Schutzmaßnahmen
auf die Angebote und Leistungen der Suchthilfe – Update
2023
Authors: Raiser Peter
Published: February 2024

In diesem Beitrag erfolgt eine Situationsbeschreibung der Leistungserbringung in
Einrichtungen und Verbänden der Suchthilfe nach Beendigung der
Corona-Schutzmaßnahmen. Während der Pandemie hatten zahlreiche
Sonderbestimmungen und Verordnungen große verändernde
Auswirkungen auf die Leistungserbringung in niedrigschwelligen Hilfen,
Suchtberatung, Prävention, Rehabilitation und Sucht-Selbsthilfe. Nach
der Rücknahme der Sonderbestimmungen bestehen einige der
Veränderungen bzw. Auswirkungen der Veränderungen auf die
Leistungserbringung fort. Die Beobachtungen und Beschreibungen der
Veränderungen und beruhen auf Schilderungen und Berichten von
Vertreterinnen und Vertretern der Verbände und Einrichtungen der
Suchthilfe.
In-silico, Synthesis, Characterization, and In-vitro
Studies on Benzylidene-based 2-chloroquinolin Derivatives as Free Radical
Scavengers in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Subramanian Gomathy , Prasad Kaveri , Chand Jagdish , Amarjith Thiyyar K. , Shanish Antony A.
Published: February 2024

Parkinson’s disease is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the
substantial nigra part of the brain leading to neurodegeneration. Whereas,
reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial impairment are considered to be the
major pathophysiology of neurodegeneration. The benzylidene-based
2-chloroquinolin derivatives were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR,
and MS spectrometry which were screened using various in-silico
approaches. The designed compounds were further assessed using in-vitro
cytotoxicity assay by the MTT method, DPPH assay, and Glutathione measurements
in the SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines. The compounds JD-7 and JD-4 were found
to have a binding affinity of − 7.941 and
− 7.633 kcal/mol with an MMGBSA score of
− 64.614 and − 62.817 kcal/mol.
The compound JD-7 showed the highest % Cell viability of 87.64%
at a minimal dose of 125 µg/mL by the MTT method. The
neurotoxicity effects were observed at increasing concentrations from 0 to 125,
250, and 500 µg/mL. Further, free radical scavenging
activity for the JD-7 was found to be 36.55 at lowest
125 µg/mL concentrations. At
125 µg/mL, GSH % and GSSG % were found
to be increasing in rotenone treatment, whereas JD-7 and JD-4 were found in the
downregulation of glutathione level in the pre-treated rotenone SHSY5Y
neuroblastoma cell lines. The benzylidene-based chloroquinolin derivatives were
synthesized, and among the compounds JD-1 to JD-13, the compounds JD-7, and JD-4
were found to have having highest % cell viability, free radical
scavenging molecules, and glutathione levels in the SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell
lines and could be used as free radical scavengers in Parkinson’s
disease.
The Evolution of the Bone Turnover Marker in Patients Following
Recovery from Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Wen Song , Xu Chenglin , Yuan Yue , Li Yanyan , Xu Dongxiang , Gong Min , Zhou Mingyue , Zhou Ligang
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate whether the biomarkers for bone turnover
could rapidly recover during the period of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Bone
turnover biomarkers, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, N-terminal middle molecular
fragment of osteocalcin (NMID), and β-C terminal cross-linking
telopeptide of type 1 collagen were evaluated using in-patient data
(n=627) from Shanghai Pudong Hospital from 2018–2022. The
comparison was performed between type 2 diabetes (T2D only) (n=602) and
DKA (n=25), in which we checked the bone turnover markers at
pre-treatment and recovery. After matching by body mass index (BMI), we found
that except for 25-OH-VitD3, the age difference, indices of glucose metabolism,
and bone turnover were significant between the 2 groups (p<0.05). We
found only a significant restoration of NMID (p<0.001). NMID and
β-CTX, when compared with T2D, showed overt distinction between recovery
and T2D (p<0.05). In addition, the investigations demonstrated a
substantial difference between 25-OH-VitD3 in males and NMID in females,
regardless of age (p<0.05). Multilinear regression analysis revealed
that 2 hours postprandial plasma C-peptide was an independent predictor
of the NMID in both pre-treatment (β=0.58, p=0.003) and
recovery (β=0.447, p=0.025), although sex was
significant in pre-treatment (β=–0.444,
p=0.020). Finally, we found that only age variation affected
DKA’s fasting plasma glucose level (p<0.05). The study revealed
that the bone turnover of DKA is significantly different in pre-treatment and
recovery; however, NMID might recover quickly if the patients received
appropriate treatment. Importantly, pancreatic function plays a critical role in
changing bone turnover biomarkers.
Do Uro-Oncology Day Care Procedures Need to Be Differed during COVID-19 Pandemic?—An Experience from Tertiary Cancer Care Center
Authors: Srivastava Nishit , Pal Mahnedra , Prakash Gagan , Arora Amandeep , Murthy Vedang , Joshi Amit , Bakshi Ganesh , Baskaran Dhanapal , Chandkhede Uday
Published: February 2024

Background The SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic has affected millions all over the world in very short span and changed the way how health care system work across the globe. It is essential to continue cancer treatment in spite of such pandemics. Various recommendations were proposed for cancer management based on risk stratification, however, in urological malignancies, day care procedures (DCPs) are a part of complete spectrum of cancer care and standard operating procedures (SOPs) for day care procedures (DCPs)in oncology is lacking at present.

Materials and Methods This is an institutional review board approved retrospective observational analytical study performed in tertiary cancer care center, with aim to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Uro-oncology day care procedures (U-DCPs)in terms of changes in appointments and actual U-DCPs performed, demographic changes such as sex ratio and age wise attendance in pre and post lockdown period and to provide a SOPs to accomplishU-DCPsefficiently in pandemics.

Results There was 67.89% and 68.16% reduction in total numbers of appointment and performed U-DCPs. A statistically significant difference was found in cystoscopy, intravesicalinstallation and miscellaneous UDCPs. Overall, 4.45% reduction and 4.52% increase in male and female patients underwent UDCPs respectively, M:F ratio reduced from 3.58:1 to 2.79:1 and 30% to 50% reduction in overall patient statistics in post lockdown compare to pre lockdown procedures.

For various age groups there was a statistically significant change in the number for males underwent cystoscopy in (p<0.001), Intravesical therapies (p<0.001) and miscellaneous procedures(p< 0.004).

Conclusion We are now coming up to the fact that effective management of healthcare system during pandemics require establishment and effective implementation of standard protocols. Routine major urological surgical care is continued using a tiered standard of protocols (SOPs) and adequate precautions. This study may provide an insight into impact of COVID-19 on UDCPs and what precautions and strategies can be institutionalized so that the patients and the health care workers remain protected from contracting infection while in performing DCPs during pandemic or similar circumstances.
Biological Dose Escalation—Do We Have a New Window of Opportunity in High-Grade Glioma?—A Feasibility Study
Authors: Joseph Bindhu , Parween Rasla , Vishwanath Lokesh , Bondel Shwetha , Fatha Mohammed Abdul
Published: February 2024

Despite multimodality treatment in high-grade glioma (HGG) involving maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the prognosis remains dismal. In this study, we aimed to evaluate a method of biological enhancement by combining dose escalation with a condensed overall treatment time, aiming for maximal cytoreduction as a surrogate for improved outcomes. Hypofractionation has the dual advantage of enhanced cell kill with reduced overall treatment time. To this effect, we have employed a study involving hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) versus conventional treatment. As a secondary objective, we evaluated volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in terms of optimal delivery technique for SIB boost. Forty patients were randomized into two arms, the study arm received 60 Gy in 25 fractions and the standard arm received 60 Gy in 30 fractions with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide. The patients were assessed radiologically for tumor cytoreduction and acute toxicity parameters weekly during treatment, 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 monthly follow-up. All patients were planned using VMAT and IMRT techniques in the study arm for the comparison of treatment time and dosimetric efficiency. However, the treatment was performed through VMAT technique. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics including Student's t-tests, proportion tests, and Pearson correlation for association. The total sample size was estimated at 40, with 20 samples per group, providing a statistical power of 81% and a significance level (p-value) of 0.05. It was observed that tumor cytoreduction was significantly enhanced in a subgroup of patients in the study arm with smaller volume residual disease (p = 0.04) that was found at 6 weeks post-treatment evaluation. The tolerance, toxicity, and compliance were comparable in both arms. During the dosimetric evaluation, it was determined that VMAT had a significantly lower hot spot compared to the IMRT plan (64.22 Gy vs. 64.75 Gy, p = 0.02). It was also observed that the delivery with VMAT was faster and involved a lesser number of monitor units (555.7 MU vs. 679.6MU, p = 0.001). The hypofractionated SIB radiotherapy using the VMAT technique can provide a feasible method of biological dose enhancement without compromising toxicity and might have the future potential to improve local control in HGG.
Evaluation of the Association between Genetic Polymorphism of Interleukin-1 Beta (–511C/T and +3953C/T) and Cervical Cancer Susceptibility
Authors: Pratap Pushpendra D. , Raza Syed Tasleem , Zaidi Ghazala , Kunwar Shipra , Eba Ale , Rajput Muneshwar
Published: February 2024

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, primarily caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially in developing countries. A proinflammatory cytokine, emerging as a major facilitator of carcinogenesis, is termed interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which characterizes host-environment interactions. Numerous epidemiological studies have revealed that IL-1β gene polymorphisms have been associated with numerous malignancies, but in the context of CC, results of these studies were inconclusive. Thus, our study aimed to explore the relationship between IL-1β polymorphisms (-511C/T and +3953C/T) and CC susceptibility. Genotyping was conducted on 192 CC patients and 200 healthy controls through polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism. HPV analysis was done through real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the serum concentration of IL-1β was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with CT and TT genotypes of IL-1β -511C/T had a threefold increased risk of CC (odds ratio [OR], 3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.132-6.063; p < 0.001 vs. OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.952-5.713; p < 0.001) compared to controls. Women with the T allele of IL-1β -511C/T polymorphism were associated with increased CC susceptibility (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.51-2.66; p = 0.0001) compared to controls. No significant difference was found between patients and controls in the genotype or allele frequencies of IL-1β +3953C/T polymorphism (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.56-1.55; p = 0.86 vs. OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.72-1.26; p = 0.74). There was no significant association found between IL-1β -511C/T promoter (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 0.46-12.76; p = 0.28 vs. OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.13-21.10; p = 0.7) and +3953C/T (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 0.44-31.82; p = 0.19 vs. OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.01-3.92; p = 0.25) polymorphisms in tobacco chewers and smokers compared to controls. The level of serum concentration of IL-1β was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Our results conclude that IL-1β -511C/T polymorphism is associated with CC susceptibility.
Colorectal Origin: A Marker of Favorable Outcome in Krukenberg Tumor? Results from Clinical and Prognostic Analysis
Authors: Thakur Purnima , Sharma Mukesh , Chauhan Ashish , Pal Kapil M. , Thakur Shabnam , Gupta Manish , Kaushal Shilpa
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients suffering from Krukenberg tumor (KT) and also to determine the survival in these patients. A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with KT between January 2015 and December 2021 was conducted at a tertiary cancer center. Clinicopathological variables were scrutinized, and survival analysis was performed. Thirty-six patients were enrolled in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 48 years (ranging from 22 to 71 years). The median overall survival (OS) was 9.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6 to 13 months). The mean OS for tumors originating in the colorectal region was longer compared to that for tumors of other sites (15.4 vs. 9 months, respectively; p = 0.048). In univariate analysis, patients who received chemotherapy had better survival, while those presenting with ascites had a poor prognosis. No correlation was observed between age, menstrual status, bilaterality, size of ovarian metastases, extent of metastatic disease, metastasectomy, and survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that chemotherapy predicted a favorable survival outcome (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.200, 95% CI: 0.046–0.877, p-value = 0.033). KT is an aggressive tumor with a median OS of less than a year. Chemotherapy may improve survival. Patients with a primary tumor in the colorectal region have a better outcome, while those presenting with ascites indicate a poor prognosis.
Syndactylism of Fingers: A Clinical Study
Authors: Ghosh Dipak Kumar , Mukherjee Murari Mohan
Published: February 2024

Different aspects of 44 cases of Syndaetylism secen and treated at Department of Plastic Surgery, S. S. K. M. Hospital and IPGMER 1958 and 1966, followed up for varying periods from 1 to 8 years are described. The probable aetiological factors, the clinical variations, and the treatment are discussed.
A Transposed Scrotal Flap in Hypospadias Repair
Authors: Dhawan Dr. I. K. , Agarwal Dr. S. B.
Published: February 2024

A scrotal flap has been described to provide cover in penoscrotal hypospadias, and posi-operative fistulae near the root of the penis Scrotura is a store house of lax skin. Transposition of the flap is easy and closure of the scrotal defect presents no problems.
Sex Chromatin Demonstration by A Modified Hair Root Sheath Technique
Authors: Arora Ramesh , Sharma R. N.
Published: February 2024

A modified technique for demonstration of sex chromatin in nuclei of hair root sheath has been described and its advantages are discussed.
Furacin Ointment for Local Treatment of Burns
Authors: Nadkarni S. V. , Nayak M. N. , Malik T. K. , Parashar S. K. , Varma R. A.
Published: February 2024

Furacin Ointment is one of the drugs used for the local wounds of burns but has not been clinically assessed in India, so far. This is a review of the clinical trial of the drug conducted in the general hospital setup. 71 cases were ftreated with Furacin Ointment applied locally twice a week. 32 were superficial burns and 39 were deep burns. The data of incidence, causes, the percentage of body surface burnt etc. are presented, as also the results of the treatment, as judged by the average hospital stay, and skin-graft take. The hospital stay was markedly less as compared with those who were treated on other lines of local treatment. Considering 809 take of the graft as successful 70% had good results, after skin-grafting. Detailed bacteriological study was also carried out, and the relevant data is presented.

The review indicates that Furacin is very useful, and improves the clinical results, it is cheap and easily applicable method under any set-up, it is effective against organisms that commonly infect the burns wounds but not effective against Ps. Pyocyaneus and proteus group.
Kenacort* in the Treatment of Ear Keloids
Authors: Bhasin D. , Keswani M. H.
Published: February 2024

Results are reported in the treatment of 21 ear keloids with Kenacort. The results have established this drug as a useful adjunct in the treatment of these lesions.
DPDS Demystified: Imaging Insights and Minimally Invasive Management
Authors: Rathi Kartik , Koteshwar Prakashini
Published: February 2024

Aim This article retrospectively evaluates the radiological imaging features in establishing the diagnosis of pancreatic duct disconnection along with outlining the effective management protocols.

Materials and Methods Sixty-three patients with radiological or clinical suspicion of pancreatic duct disconnection were identified. Their computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) images, clinical data, and laboratory parameters from medical records were retrieved and analyzed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) findings or raised amylase values in the necrotic collection higher than three times the reference range were considered as proven cases of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) for the study. Multiple parameters were assessed on imaging to establish the diagnosis of DPDS. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and radiological imaging features of pancreatic duct disconnection were evaluated. Laboratory parameters of serum amylase/lipase and amylase/lipase values from the collection were also studied along with the mode of clinical management and outcome on follow-up.

Results The radiological imaging features of pancreatic duct disconnection were assessed in 63 patients in which it was seen that magnetic resonance imaging had a significantly higher accuracy rate in diagnosing DPDS as opposed to CT. Minimally invasive procedures such as endoscopic cystogastrostomy was the preferred management in most cases with ERCP stenting being the next favored management of choice. Resolution or reduction of symptoms was mostly seen on follow-up with 12.69% of patients developing complications.

Conclusion This study highlighted the imaging features of DPDS apart from ascertaining the parameters that could be assessed to aid in early diagnosis of DPDS. MRCP has a higher accuracy rate compared with CT in diagnosing DPDS. A combination of two or more parameters on MRCP was more accurate in the identification of DPDS rather than a single parameter. Minimally invasive treatment options such as endoscopic transluminal drainage with or without stenting are currently preferred in the treatment of DPDS over surgical management. Early diagnosis and prompt management of DPDS is essential to reduce the onset of serious complications apart from improving the quality of life of these patients posttreatment.
The Efficiency of Antiosteoporosis Medicine after Intertrochanteric Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Study of Refracture Rate, Function Recovery, Complications, and Mortality in the Chinese Elderly Population
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Chen Shengbao , Tang Chao , Zhang Changqing
Published: February 2024

Objective This research aimed to discern the effects of antiosteoporosis medication on postoperative functional recovery, refracture incidence, complications, and mortality in geriatric patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 250 patients aged 65 years and above who underwent surgery for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2013 and December 2014. Intertrochanteric fracture is diagnosed with International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code (S72.101) and classified by the Evans–Jensen system. Collected data encompassed demographic details, pre- and postoperative histories of antiosteoporotic medication, functional outcomes (measured using Harris hip score, Parker Mobility Score, and EuroQol-5 Dimension [EQ-5D] scores), refracture incidences, complications, and survival rates. The antiosteoporotic regimen was categorized into essential (calcium, vitamin D) and advanced medications (bisphosphonate, calcitonin, etc.). Outcomes between patients on antiosteoporosis treatment (AO group) and those without (control group) were compared.

Results The cohort comprised 250 patients, with a gender distribution of 85 males (34%) and 165 females (66%), and a mean age of 79.8 ± 7.0 years. The median follow-up period was 15.82 months (maximum 31.13 months). Postoperatively, 126 (50.4%) patients were administered antiosteoporotic treatment. The refracture incidence in the AO group (2.4%, n = 3) was notably lower than the control group (8.9%, n = 11), manifesting a substantial risk reduction (odds ratio 0.251, 95% confidence interval 0.068–0.920, p = 0.024). While no marked differences in functional outcomes between the AO and control groups were observed (Harris score [96.17 ± 7.77 vs. 97.29 ± 6.74, p = 0.074), Parker score [8.54 ± 1.26 vs. 8.62 ± 1.18, p = 0.411], EQ-5D [0.83 ± 0.05 vs. 0.82 ± 0.06, p = 0.186]), patients administered a combination of essential and advanced drugs showcased significantly improved Harris and EQ-5D scores compared to those on essential drugs alone (Harris score [77.93 ± 2.04 vs. 84.94 ± 2.73, p = 0.015], EQ-5D [0.65 ± 0.03 vs. 0.75 ± 0.04, p = 0.015]).

Conclusion Postoperative antiosteoporosis treatment acts as a deterrent against refracture following intertrochanteric fracture surgeries, evidenced by a decline in refracture rates. However, the treatment's impact on functional recovery, quality of life, complications, and mortality remains indistinct. Interestingly, the combined administration of essential and advanced antiosteoporotic drugs seems to foster enhanced functional outcomes, warranting further exploration in future studies.
The Drucker indexes and profitability: a first look
Authors: Ratigan David , Zaleski Peter A.
Published: February 2024

The Drucker Institute has computed metrics regarding customer satisfaction, employee engagement and development, innovation, social responsibility, and financial strength. They currently track 902 firms, and the Wall Street Journal annually publishes the Drucker 250—the top 250 firms based on an overall effectiveness measure. This paper offers the first analysis of whether these indexes can explain differences in the economic performance of business firms. The two main conclusions of our analysis are first, the individual aspects of the Drucker indexes do not always positively impact profit, and second, the impacts differ across industries. Our analysis concludes with possible reasons for the poor results and suggestions for future research.
Exploring the appeal of villainous characters in film-induced tourism: perceived charismatic leadership and justice sensitivity
Authors: Yao Rui , Yang Jian
Published: February 2024

Film-induced tourism is considered a valuable marketing tool, especially crucial for the recovery of post-pandemic tourism. The rapid growth of digital streaming platforms has enabled film and television works to reach global audiences and impact viewers on a broader scale. Scholars and tourism operators increasingly recognise film characters’ pivotal role in global film-induced tourism. While film-induced tourism is generally believed to impact the image of tourist destinations positively, existing research has predominantly focused on the decent characters portrayed in films. However, the allure of captivating audiences is not confined solely to decent characters. According to narrative studies in film and television, villainous characters with extraordinary skills often have a stronger appeal to viewers than decent ones. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore a rarely discussed topic: how villainous characters enhance the attractiveness of tourist destinations. This interdisciplinary research principally integrates character arc theory and reception aesthetics from film studies, emotion contagion theory from marketing research, and place attachment theory from tourism studies. Accordingly, this study examines the perceived charismatic leadership of villainous characters and its impact on film tourists’ emotion contagion, place attachment and visit intention. The study distributed questionnaires to 532 audiences who watched the Chinese police and crime drama titled, The Knockdown (狂飙), and who acquainted themselves with the villainous character Gao Qiqiang (高启强). Structured equation modelling showed that villainous characters with charismatic leadership can significantly impact the intention of film tourists. Specifically, perceived charismatic leadership directly influenced emotions of pleasure, arousal and admiration. Place attachment existed as a whole or partial mediator of the three emotions and visit intention. Moreover, the audience’s justice sensitivity negatively moderated the positive relationship between perceived charismatic leadership and emotions. Finally, the study provides insights and suggestions for film tourism marketers and screenwriters.
A contingent value of bricolage strategy on SMEs’ organizational resilience: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Park Ji-Hoon , Seo Ribin
Published: February 2024

During the economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have adopted various crisis management techniques, including bricolage-coping strategies, to strengthen their organizational resilience. However, the specific impact of bricolage on SMEs’ resilience and the factors influencing this relationship are not fully understood. Our study explores a theoretical framework that suggests the effectiveness of the bricolage–resilience relationship is contingent on government support and business process innovation during crises. An analysis of responses from the Korean Innovation Survey 2021 shows that SMEs utilizing bricolage strategies exhibit greater resilience than those relying solely on conventional crisis responses. Interestingly, the resilience implication of bricolage diminishes when firms receive government financial aid or engage in business process innovations. This suggests that government financial support might reduce the necessity for self-reliant resilience strategies in firms practicing bricolage, while business process innovation may create challenges in productive resource orchestration between firm survival and growth.