bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Impulso procesal y la responsabilidad administrativa
Authors: Oliva Garza Irma Evangelina
Published: September 2022

La presente investigación se lleva a cabo desde la perspectiva de la Teoría del Proceso y el Derecho Administrativo y analiza las figuras jurídicas relativas al proceso y procedimientos estableciendo su diferencia y naturaleza jurídica a fin de demostrar que el impulso procesal debe ser responsabilidad de los sujetos materiales y formales, sin embargo, el inicio de la acción corresponde al actor y al demandado continuar con la sinergia procesal de generar la siguiente fase procesal incluida en el reconocimiento del acto procesal que emita la autoridad jurisdiccional correspondiente, dejando en claro que a ésta ultima le corresponde por cuestión de función hacer suyo el proceso y darle continuidad para que no suspensa, pues provoca el incumplimiento de la finalidad del Estado en el Sistema de impartición de justicia y como consecuencia responsabilidad administrativa.
Los retos del Federalismo Mexicano en el siglo XXI
Authors: García Murillo José Guillermo , Suárez Hernández Olinda Beatriz
Published: September 2022

En un Estado federalista, se debe omitir lo que implica un Estado monolítico y centralista. En la Constitución de 1824 se pretendía establecer y promover Estados soberanos, en contraste los conservadores insistían que todas las provincias dependieran de un Virrey y por lo tanto de la Monarquía Española; no convencieron a los federalistas quienes se mantenían en su posición de determinar que ninguna Provincia era independiente, pero tenían gran autonomía. México tuvo que enfrentar la dictadura institucionalizada de un partido político con una democracia ausente, un poder monolítico y represor que abatió movimientos de expresión universitaria (1968). En la actualidad tenemos problemas de orden y paz social como la corrupción, discriminación, problemas ambientales, impunidad de la delincuencia organizada… El federalismo mexicano es el proyecto de Nación que queremos para fortalecer la unidad, la independencia, la soberanía, la libertad, la igualdad y la justicia.
El fortalecimiento democrático: Cohesión de su contenido tripartita
Authors: Suárez Hernández Olinda Beatriz , García Murillo José Guillermo
Published: September 2022

A lo largo de la historia y para hablar de la democracia, ha sido de obligada referencia voltear al pasado (siglos VI y V a de C), pasando del contenido antiguo (gobierno de los muchos), al moderno (heredero de la tradición liberal). Cabe mencionar que las condiciones de la democracia como régimen político, nos introduce en el modelo de dicho régimen y las instituciones que se ponen en marcha para vigenciarlo, planteándonos la opción entre el sistema presidencial o parlamentario, semipresidencial o semiparlamentario, cuando sabemos (antes del actual gobierno), se transitó de un sistema presidencial debilitado y un Congreso obstaculizador a uno (nuevamente como en tiempos pasados), con una mayoría en las Cámaras. Aceptando la integración genética de sus tres contenidos, no de manera aislada sino en una total cohesión, la democracia además de ser una estructura jurídica o régimen político, es también un sistema de vida fundado en el constante mejoramiento económico, social y cultural del pueblo. El propósito final es lograr que se cumpla con el Bien Público Temporal del Estado.
Acoso laboral contra mujeres universitarias: Conocimiento como recurso de agenciamiento
Authors: Arenas Loera Eva Paola
Published: September 2022

Este artículo discute que, en los espacios universitarios, el acoso laboral se extiende mediante acciones relacionales, legitimadas, legalizadas y materializadas en protocolos de atención, que resultan inoperantes porque permiten omisiones de autoridades y pares, para continuar con la intimidación sistemática y dominio, particularmente contra el género femenino. Se propone que la visibilización de esta sujeción a la violencia, es clave para identificar el agenciamiento propio, como contrapeso político para la transformación estructural y cultural que permita crear acciones de resistencia colectiva y fomentar redes femeninas de apoyo para exigir el reconocimiento de derechos laborales y una vida libre de violencia
Editorial
Authors: Oberg Dianne
Published: September 2022

Editorial
Biomechanics of Military Load Carriage and Resulting Musculoskeletal Injury: A Review
Authors: D. Fox Brian , W. Judge Lawrence , Dickin D. Clark , Wang Henry
Published: September 2022

Load carriage is a common activity used in daily tasks for many occupations, so understanding its injury mechanisms, as well as the biomechanical modifications made to gait and posture during load carriage, could reduce injury risk during this activity. The purpose of this review was to compile the most recent literature regarding biomechanical adaptations to load carriage, including its effects on musculoskeletal injury, kinematic, spatiotemporal, and kinetic adaptations, and insights about the future of load carriage research. Researchers found a high degree of injury in personnel who participate in heavy load carriage activities as a part of their job, with lower back and lower extremity injuries being the most common. An observation of several studies that measured kinematic, spatiotemporal, and kinetic adaptations suggest that there may be a threshold in which typical gait kinematics must change to account for the additional load. Not adapting proper mechanisms to deal with increased load carriage forces may lead to lower extremity injury. Future studies should observe how persons untrained in load carriage respond to these loads, and how controlling for variables like speed and cadence affect gait adaptations.
Student-Generated Conjecture about the Behavior of the Operations
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Higgins Traci , Russell Susan , Schifter Deborah
Published: September 2022

Through analysis of 108 interviews of students in grades 2 to 5, the research team created a framework consisting of four mathematical dimensions students engage with as they formulate a conjecture about a behavior of an operation. The four dimensions are: attending to the action of the operation, identifying which elements change and how, expressing conditionality, and considering the generality of the claim. This article describes and illustrates what student conjecturing looks like with respect to these dimensions. The framework provides a lens for researchers and practitioners to identify significant aspects of student-generated conjectures as students work to articulate their ideas.
Seeing Algebra in Arithmetic Through Mathematical Problem Posing
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Cai Jinfa , Hwang Stephen
Published: September 2022

This paper proceeds from the position that elementary- and middle-school students can learn and should be exposed to algebraic ideas and that a fruitful mechanism for this is to help them to see the algebra in arithmetic.
After a brief survey of the literature on helping students see algebra in arithmetic, the main focus of the paper is on the use of mathematical problem posing in the classroom to help students see the algebra in arithmetic. To illustrate this, we present three cases of teaching mathematics through problem posing and discuss the perspectives they offer on developing students’ algebraic thinking. The paper concludes with an examination of how teachers might be supported in using problem posing to help their students see the algebra in arithmetic.
On the Meaning of the Equal Sign from the Perspective of Early Algebra
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Do Joowon
Published: September 2022

In this study, the relational meaning of the equal sign used in Korean elementary mathematics textbooks was analyzed, its characteristics identified, and a pedagogical discussion from the perspective of early algebra presented.
The purpose of this study is to provide implications for the preparation of effective teaching and learning methods to promote a correct understanding of the meaning of the equal sign. For this purpose, the relational meaning of the equal sign was categorized into three types. The relational meaning types of the equal sign were analyzed by grade and content area, targeting the contents of textbooks and teacher’s guides for the 2nd~6th grades related to equations used in relational meanings. The findings of this study indicate that the frequency of the equal sign with the relational meaning was high in the 5th~6th grades, with the highest incidence in the 1st semester of the 5th grade.
Content areas using the equal sign in the relational meanings differ by grade, but most are frequently used in the order of [Number and Operations], [Measurement], and [Pattern], and are particularly concentrated in [Number and Operations]. Among the relational meaning types, the equal sign of Type E2 and Type E3 were visually presented, whereas Type E1 was not presented. But some of the sentences presented in the textbook could be used as the meaning of Type E1. The results of this study can contribute to finding specific instructional methods that can promote elementary students’ correct understanding of the meaning of the equal sign.
Relating Students’ Early Algebraic Thinking to Mathematics Curriculum Materials
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Na Gwisoo , Choi Jisun
Published: September 2022

This study investigated the trends in algebraic thinking of Korean elementary school students through the students’ correct answer rates for the early algebra-related items in the 4th-grade assessment of TIMSS 2011, TIMSS 2015, and TIMSS 2019, and explored these trends in relation to the changes in early algebra-related content in the Korean mathematics curriculum and textbooks. As a result of the study, with regards to finding unknowns or unknown operations and representing problem situations as expressions, the correct answer rates of the students participating in TIMSS 2019 decreased compared to those participating in TIMSS 2015. The change in the correct answer rates was related to the decrease of relevant standards in the mathematics curriculum and tasks in mathematics textbooks.
Meanwhile, for tasks about identifying a recursive pattern and representing a covariational relationship, the relevance of the mathematics curriculum materials to the changes in students’ algebraic thinking were not revealed due to the limitation of the small number of related TIMSS items. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that the correct answer rates of students participating in TIMSS 2019 for recognizing recursive patterns and finding appropriate values decreased slightly. Finally, this study makes suggestions for the learning and teaching of early algebra based on the observed results.
xploring Opportunities to Develop Algebraic Thinking Presented in Elementary Mathematics
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Eunjung , Park Mimi
Published: September 2022

Knowledge of algebra is known to be critical for not only school mathematics but also higher-level studies in mathematics. However, many students find learning algebra problematic and experience difficulty, particularly in transitioning from arithmetic to algebra. Therefore, the mathematics education research community has endeavored to develop students’ algebraic thinking in the elementary grades to help them learn algebra successfully. Although research on early algebra has been extensively conducted overseas since the 1990s, in Korea, this research began only in the 2000s and is relatively scarce. Therefore, in this study, we aim to compare the elementary mathematics textbooks of Korea and the U.S. based on the five big ideas of early algebra and draw implications for early algebra education in Korea. The results demonstrate that Korean textbooks contain significantly less content related to early algebra than U.S. textbooks. It was also found that the U.S. textbooks than that of Korea more emphasize the relational meaning of the equal sign. Furthermore, there were differences in the textbooks of the two countries in the way of handling the properties of numbers, analyzing patterns in functional relationships, and presenting the meaning of variable. Based on the results, we discussed ways to develop elementary school students’ algebraic thinking through textbooks in Korea.
Amyand’s hernia with perforated acute appendicitis: A rare case report.
Authors: Muhammad Zeb  , Sabir Khan Khattak  , Syed Shayan Shah  , Abdul Haseeb  , Syed Qasim Ali Shah
Published: September 2022

When appendix is found in the inguinal hernia sac whether inflamed or non-inflamed then this type of inguinal hernia is called Amyand’s Hernia. It is found mostly on right side in incarcerated inguinal hernia with male gender preponderance. Here we present case of 80-year-old male with incarcerated inguinal hernia and was operated in emergency operation theatre. Intraoperatively type 3 Amyand’s hernia was found, operation was converted to midline laparotomy and appendectomy was performed with no mesh placement in inguinal region due pus collection in hernia sac. Amyand’s hernia is rare pathology and is found intraoperatively most of the time. It should be kept in mind while operating incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia. CT scan may provide clear picture of pathology preoperatively.
Managing COVID-19 through collaboration: applying a novel patient care model in a rural Indian community
Authors: Nanaiah Amrit , Southwick Frederick , Chekuri Venkat , Edwards Matthew , McCabe Madeline , Archibald Lennox K , Paruvangada Bopaiah , Kalyatanda Gautam
Published: September 2022

Background

Rural communities in India are vulnerable to the global pandemic of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to a lack of resources and delayed access to information. To address the challenges faced by Primary Health Centers, the Karuna Trust-Lopamudra Medical Center COVID-19 High Dependency Unit (KLCHDU), a collaboration between a local hospital, a non-governmental organization, infectious disease physicians from an academic medical center in the United States, and a local citizens council, was established in May 2021. This collaboration implemented diagnostic and management COVID-19 protocols recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the National Institute of Health, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and provided basic training on recommended practices to Primary Health Center and other local healthcare workers.

Methods

All local patients between 1 May 2021 through 31 July 2021 who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with a rapid antigen test or polymerase chain reaction test were admitted to the KLCHDU and were included in this study. Patient demographics, medical history, hospital course, and laboratory findings were evaluated to determine the outcomes of patients treated within this unique healthcare model.

Results

Eighty-three patients (54% male) qualified for inclusion during the study period. Common comorbidities included hypertension (52%), diabetes mellitus (48%), and coronary heart disease (10%). Nearly one-third of patients had received at least one dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The most frequently administered hospital medications were dexamethasone (65%), low molecular weight heparin (54%), and remdesivir (53%). The average absolute leukocyte count was 1534 cells/µL, average blood glucose was 182 mg/dL, average D-dimer was 849 ng/mL, and average NEW-2 score on admission and discharge was 4.4 and 3.2. The average duration of hospital stay was five days. Eleven (13%) patients were prescribed supplemental oxygen at discharge and one patient died from infection complications.

Conclusions

Our data show a duration of inpatient hospitalization and mortality rate on the lower end of most published data. The results of our study encourage allocation of resources based on recommended protocols and the use of telehealth for collaboration and resource sharing.
Kontroversi Perkawinan Beda Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: September 2022

This article discusses law problem of marriage between different religions in Indonesia, especially after the application of Bill number 1 year 1974 about marriage. In this discussion, the marriage between different religions is difficult to be done after the application of that Bill. Because of inadequate explanation about different‐religion marriage on the bill, there occurs problems on the interpretation and application. Referring to the Bill of Marriage Chapter 2, it is stated that it is not allowed to marry a person with different religion. However, based on Bill of Marriage number 66, the law expert stated that there is a vacant in that law, thus the rules of different‐religion marriage can be applied. In that way, the marriage between different religions can be done in the register office. On the reality, people of Indonesia still demand the application of marriage between different religions. That conclusion is gathered from the many marriages between different religions which relatively difficult to be done. For that reason, that problem needs to get solution.
Tribological Performance of the Continuous Steel Fiber-reinforced Cu based Friction Material for Heavy-duty Braking Applications
Authors: Ramalingam Vaira Vignesh , V Sai Pranay , Kota Pavan Kalyan , M Govindaraju
Published: September 2022

Brake pads are the major components of the wind turbine, which primarily consists of metal matrix and ceramic reinforcements. The ceramic particles plunge out during the application of brakes, which in turn leads to the transformation of the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive wear. This increases the wear rate and therefore the study investigates the possible replacement of ceramic reinforcements with continuous fibers that exhibit high strength and compatibility. In recent years, Cu-based brake pads that are fabricated by powder metallurgy route are widely used in wind turbines. In this study, continuous fibers of stainless steel SS304 are reinforced in the Cu matrix by the casting method to preserve the fiber alignment. The fabricated composite is characterized for microstructure, microhardness, and tribological behavior. Besides, a comprehensive analysis of the wear mechanism in the developed composite is presented based on the surface morphology, elemental composition, and phase analysis.
«Белкомур» и роль Китая
Authors: Му Арильд
Published: September 2022

Дальнейшее развитие Северного морского пути, включая связанные с ним логистические цепочки и инфраструктуру, имеет высокий приоритет в России, а недостаточная пропускная спопобность маршрута «юг-север» признается проблемой. В последние десять лет Китай проявляет все больший интерес к арктическим перевозкам. Учитывая официальные декларации о тесном партнерстве и общих интересах России и КНР, строительство железной дороги от Урала с выходом на Китай до глубоководного порта с выходом на Северный Ледовитый океан представлялось привлекательным и как стратегическая возможность для Китая, и как естественная область для китайских инвестиций. С 2012 г. различные китайские компании проявляли интерес к проекту «Белкомур», и несколько раз сообщалось о заключении концессионного соглашения. Но российские федеральные власти, выразив поддержку, не взяли на себя обязательства по бюджетному финансированию, а в последнее время все чаще со стороны правительства звучат критические замечания в адрес проекта, хотя региональная поддержка остается сильной. По состоянию на начало 2022 г. твердое соглашение не было подписано, и проект был приостановлен. Рассматривая его историю с момента первого привлечения китайских компаний, эта статья дает представление о возможностях маневра российских регионов и взаимоотношениях между центральной и региональной властью. Кроме того, в ней раскрываются российские неверные интерпретации китайского интереса к проекту.
Özgül Öğrenme Güçlüğü Görülen Öğrencilerin Akran İlişkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ZENGİN Gülşah , ÖKSÜZ Çiğdem
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Özgül Öğrenme Güçlüğü görülen ilköğretim çağındaki öğrencilerin akran ilişkilerini ve özgül öğrenme güçlüğünün alt tiplerinin akran ilişkilerindeki farklılıklarını incelemek amacıyla bu çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 8-14 yaş aralığında 89 özgül öğrenme güçlüğü görülen öğrenci ve 95 sağlıklı öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin akran ilişkilerini incelemek için Akran İlişkileri Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Bağlılık, Güven ve Özdeşim, Kendini Açma ve Sadakat alt alanlarını içeren Akran İlişkileri Ölçeği’nde araştırma ve kontrol gurubu karşılaştırıldığında özgül öğrenme güçlüğü görülen öğrencilerin akran ilişkilerinin sağlıklı öğrencilere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak daha zayıf olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Öğrenme güçlüğü alt alanlarında, disleksi görülen öğrencilerin akran ilişkilerinin ise disgrafili ve diskalkulili öğrencilere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak daha zayıf olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Tartışma: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre ilköğretim çağındaki öğrencilerde özgül öğrenme güçlüğü görülmesi akran ilişkilerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın ilköğretim çağı öğrencilerinin akran ilişkilerinin zayıf olduğunu göstermesi, ileride ergoterapistler tarafından hazırlanacak müdahale programlarında akran ilişkilerinin dikkate alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Ancak, bu konuda daha büyük örneklem gruplarının yer aldığı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
ENGLISH STUDENTS’ SELF-RESILIENCE AND CHALLENGES IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Hidayah Jumatul , Morganna Ruly
Published: September 2022

Due to the Covid-19 epidemic, learning has shifted from offline to online, affecting pupils' learning resilience and the complexity of learning obstacles. As a result, the focus of this study is on English students' resilience and the obstacles they experience during distance learning. This study used qualitative methodologies and included 20 English students who were purposefully chosen as participants. They were questioned in accordance with the study's objectives. An interactive model was used to analyse the interview data. The data suggest that in remote learning, students' self-control is lacking. They are under psychological duress. Their physical state was deteriorating, and several of them were experiencing headaches. They are mentally bored and unable to concentrate, and they cannot enjoy learning due to a lack of social interaction. Furthermore, students encounter issues connected to internet signals, budgeting to meet internet demands, and difficulty in locating learning resources during remote learning, all of which are classified as examples of poor technical competence.
WHAT DRIVES THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN SAMARINDA? AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
Authors:   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, ILMI Zainal , ASNAWATI Asnawati ,   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, JUDIARNI Justina Ade ,   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, SAMPELILING Alexander ,   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, HARIBOWO Rio ,   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, ZA Saida Zainurossalamia ,   Universitas Mulawarman, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Currently, tourism activities depend not only on what is visible but on a synergistic effort to attract visitors. If they don’t make repairs immediately, their interest will slowly dwindle. This situation has become a high enigma and attracted us to identify the relationship between visitors’ bonding, city branding, technology adaptation, innovation and creativity, and market segmentation. It described the explanation with the support of 1,278 informants, where we interviewed them while visiting six popular destinations in Samarinda. Using a convenience sampling procedure, we processed the survey data through multiple regression and IBM-SPSS software, which analyzed two structures (direct path and mediation path). The terms that are significant or not significant are p <0.05 for direct effects, and special moderating effects are p <0.01. Exploration showed official outputs, including a positive-significant relationship from visitors bonding to technology adaptation, innovation and creativity to city branding and market segmentation, innovation and creativity to city branding through market segmentation. Unexpectedly, city branding has a positive but not significant effect on visitors’ bonding, technology adaptation and innovation and creativity. The results are negative but significant, and technology adaptation has a negative-not significant effect on market segmentation. The novelty of this paper has implications for strength, opinion, and decomposition that need a discussion on the future agenda.
A study on the perception of direct investment in overseas real estate
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Choi In-Ho
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the perception of direct investment in overseas real estate. The research method combines theoretical research and case study. In the case study, 100 real estate-related workers were surveyed on their perceptions of overseas real estate direct investment, and this was statistically analyzed. Considering the results of the analysis, As a result of the analysis, first, 94% were positive about the need for overseas real estate direct investment, and only 4% were negative. Second, as for preferred investment destination countries, “developed countries such as the United States, Canada, and Europe” were high at 41% and “developing countries such as Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia” were high at 32%. Third, 91% were positive about Japanese real estate investment. Fourth, as for the motives for overseas real estate direct investment, “domestic strong regulation-oriented real estate policy” was found to be high at 56%, and “opaque future of Korean society” was found to be high at 25%. Fifth, in terms of investment intention, “stable rate of return” was 28%, “cheap ownership tax and capital gains tax” was 27%, and “certainty of ownership guarantee” was 23%. Sixth, as obstacles to direct investment in overseas real estate, “problem of overseas real estate management” was found to be high at 53%, and “ignorance of overseas real estate market” was found to be high at 29%. Considering the results of this analysis, the government suggests that a policy to support direct overseas real estate direct investment is needed to reduce investment risk and ensure stable investment for overseas real estate direct investors.
A Reviews about the Relocation Measures System for Factory
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Seo Kyung-Kyu
Published: September 2022

The relocation measures system for factory, which was introduced by amending the Public Works Project Act in october 2007, has a short history and the system has not been fully overhauled, and there are many conflicts in public works project. In particular, with democratization, the people's sense of rights has been enhanced, and the demand for rational improvement in the relocation measures of factory is increasing, and it is time for a fundamental reconsideration.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of the relocation measures for factory, which is incomplete or unreasonable and has many conflicts and related research is insufficient, and to derive ways to improve it. As a result of the research, the improvement measures were proposed in detail, largely divided into long-term and short-term measures. In the improvement of the loss compensation system, equity, rationality, and efficiency should be comprehensively considered, and a way to satisfy both the concessionaire and the compensator should be actively sought. In particular, it is necessary to actively review the establishment of a 3rd party support system suggested as a long-term measure, deliberation of living measures at the stage of the project approval, improvement of equity in livelihood compensation, and the agreement compensation incentive system.
A Study on the Problems of Compensation for Resettlement Measures and Its Improvement Direction
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Han Sang-Hoon
Published: September 2022

It is generally accepted that compensation laws aim to compensate for a loss in living standard throughout the various relocation measures both in academic disciplinary and precedents. The compensation for a loss in living standard means to restore the expropriatee’s living standard to the status quo ante. However current compensation for a loss in living standard has some problem in terms of the principles of laws since it was developed and institutionalized with the rapid growth of development business. One of the problems in the compensation for a loss in living standard is the equity of compensation. The reason why the issue of the equity of compensation is happened is that there are numbers of laws which rule codes of compensation. Therefore it seems necessary to manage current system of compensation laws to minimize the difference of compensation from the laws. The second reason of the issue of the equity of compensation is that current land compensation law which rules relocation measures has yet to present clear rules for the implementation of relocation measures. That is, although current land compensation law regulate construction and provision of moving settlement, provision of financial aid for resettlement, and special provision of resettlement land and resettlement house the compensation effects of these provisions are quite different due to the different condition and content of the provisions, respectively. The final reason of the issue of the equity of compensation comes from inequitable distribution of development profit between expropriated land owners and neighboring land owners. Based on these findings this study suggests that it is necessary to continue research about the way to secure the equity of compensation including relocation measures.
A Study on the Resolution of Disputes between the Reconstruction Association and the Contractor: The case of Dunchon Jugong Apartment
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Joo Young-Lae , Jang Kyo-Sik
Published: September 2022

In the case where the owner of the land carries out the reconstruction project by establishing a cooperative, the cooperative tends to lack the ability and expertise to carry out the project independently. The cooperative carries out the project through contracts with service providers in each field, such as contractors and maintenance business specialists. In particular, the association and the contractor must carry out the reconstruction project in a complementary manner. However, conflicts of interest may lead to disputes between the cooperative and the contractor. Social impact should be eliminated and the reconstruction project should proceed smoothly upon the resolution of these disputes.
Disputes on the Dunchon Jugong reconstruction project are regarding construction costs, sale prices, and luxury complexes. As a solution to these disputes, the system should be improved so that the verification of construction costs is legally binding.
Like the Construction Management system, the support system for strengthening the professionalism of the union should also be activated. In addition, it is necessary to establish organizations and systems such as the operation of a consultative body for dispute settlement, the dispute mediation committee and the maintenance project coordinator. With the activation of the trust-type maintenance project, the reconstruction project should proceed smoothly by shortening the project period due to procedural shortening and preventing internal disputes in the association. Lastly, it is expected that research will be actively conducted on the contents that have limitations in the current and legal systems, contributing to the smooth progress and vitalization of the reconstruction project.
In this study, by examining the disputes between the Dunchon Jugong reconstruction project and the contractor, we propose a solution to the dispute and expect that the solution will prevent the occurrence of disputes in advance and further deterioration in the progress of the project so that the reconstruction project can be resolved smoothly.
Methodological approaches to improving the technology of engineering fluorocomposites
Authors:   Molder LLC, Avdeychik S.V. , Krut'ko E.T. ,   Belarusian State Technological University, Antonov A.S. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Struk V.A. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Lesun A.N. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno
Published: September 2022

Structural and technological aspects of obtaining composite materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene are considered. It is shown that due to the manifestation of the inertness of the components in the processes of interfacial interaction with an increase in the degree of filling, within the framework of the traditional technological paradigm, a structural paradox is realized. This paradox consists in a proportional decrease in the tensile strength parameter of fluorocomposites with an increase in their degree of filling. Based on the concept of energy and technological compliance of components, technological principles for eliminating the negative impact of the structural paradox by controlling the structure of fluorine composites at various levels of organization: molecular, supramolecular, phase and interfacial are proposed. Efficient methods have been developed for manufacturing products from highly filled fluorine composites containing 25–35% (wt.) carbon fiber and having parameters of stress-strain characteristics that are 1.5–2.0 times higher than the parameters of the analogues "Flubon", "Fluvis".
ABC transporters in the development of platinum drug resistance in serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors:   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Ulianova E.P. , Nepomnyashchaya E.M. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Zhukova G.V. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Sagakyants A.B. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Yakubova D.Yu. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Shulgina O.G. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Serous ovarian carcinoma is a group of extremely aggressive malignant tumors with high mortality rates; today, it remains the most prognostically unfavorable gynecologic cancer in the world. One of the causes is the development of multidrug resistance after administration of various chemotherapy regimens. Therefore, the search for effective markers of resistance to chemotherapy in this disease is promising. The purpose of this study was to analyze expressions of ABC transporters Pgp (ABCB1) and BCRP (ABCG2) in cells of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas in patients with varying sensitivity to platinum-based polychemotherapy. Materials and methods. Tumor tissues of 100 patients aged 29–79 years with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas and stages IIIC–IV were studied with immunohistochemical method with rabbit P-glycoprotein 1 (Pgp or MDR1) polyclonal antibodies and by the Reveal Polyvalent HRP-DAB Detection System with mouse monoclonal BCRP antibodies (JF0994 clone). We used the Statistica 13.0 program (StatSoftInc., USA) to analyze the results. We determined the Mann–Whitney U and Pearson’s χ² values, as well as odds ratios with CI. Results. In groups with platinum resistance and platinum sensitivity, there prevailed patients with Pgp+ (98% and 68%) and BCRP+ (90% and 81.4%). Mann–Whitney U-test showed that in cancer cells in platinum-resistant patients, the expression of Pgp and BCRP (70;40–100 and 65;45–90) was 1.8 (p=0.003) and 1.9 times (p=0.013) higher, respectively, than in platinum-sensitive patients (40;4–65 and 35;10–60). Conclusion. The results on the Pgp marker show that it can be used as a predictive factor in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas. Keywords: serous ovarian carcinoma, multidrug resistance, ABC transporters, Pgp, BCRP
Not the Mode of Refugee Allocation but Their Right to Work Drives Preferences on Refugee Policy in the European Union
Authors: Letki Natalia , Walentek Dawid , Dinesen Peter Thisted , Liebe Ulf
Published: September 2022

Europe remains a destination of an ongoing influx of asylum seekers. The attempts to build an EU-wide political consensus around refugee policy have so far failed. This article provides a perspective on EU citizens’ preferred policy towards refugees and asylum seekers at both the EU and domestic levels. A hidden policy consensus is identified in which European citizens across all social and ideological backgrounds prefer refugees to have the right to work but their freedom of movement to be restricted while their application for asylum is being processed. At the same time, the mode of refugee allocation between countries, which has been prominent in political debates across Europe, is relatively unimportant to respondents, as they focus on the domestic level rather than EU-level policy. The widespread consensus on support for refugees’ participation in the labour market may unite EU citizens around cautious hospitality by deemphasising allocation principles, and stressing country-level solutions.
Rewards, Sanctions, and Trust in the Police: Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Mantilla Cesar , Gelvez Juan David , Nieto Maria Paula
Published: September 2022

Despite high levels of mistrust in the police, this study presents empirical findings that challenge expectations of biased norm enforcement by police officers. Through a lab-in-the-field experiment using a dictator game with third-party enforcement, we examined the allocation decisions of 209 future police officers toward both in-group and out-group members. Our findings reveal an equitable distribution of resources, regardless of whether the recipient is a police officer or a civilian, demonstrating an approach to fairness. Police students, however, are more likely to reward when engaged with in-group members, whereas they are more likely to sanction if the recipient is a civilian. Additionally, we study the disparity between actual behaviors and civilian expectations using an incentivized survey. Although the probability of sanctioning was high, civilian respondents overestimated the likelihood that police students engage in costly sanctions. Incentives and reporting a higher trust in the Police are correlated with higher predictive accuracy. The findings enrich the literature on the principal-agent problem in law enforcement, offering insights into institutional legitimacy and addressing the challenges of ensuring equitable enforcement practices in developing countries.
Monkeypox is the manifestation of spectral diseases and not of monkeypox virus transmission
Authors: Ola Paul
Published: September 2022

The sad monkeypox deaths in countries which now include the United States, Spain, Brazil, India, Ecuador and Peru confirm the predictions of the theory of “The origin of the mysterious multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries” of June 2, 2022 which was obtained with the superior Einsteinian method that illustrates the reality in which phenomena occur and deduces only the consequences of the results obtained to ascertain their perfect correspondence with the data of experience and their mutual relations. These results reveal that monkeypox manifestations do not appear in a population because the monkeypox virus is being transmitted but rather because different diseases in the spectrum of monkeypox are co-manifesting as a consequence of the disappearance of the immunological conditions that permit the asymptomatic presence of different immunologically-linked causes that include the monkeypox virus. The same theory also predicts that contrary to what has been predicted on the basis of the logical deduction that the monkeypox virus detected in this outbreak is of a less virulent clade, such severe outcomes of the co-manifestation of these diseases will cause death in those in whom such spectral diseases co-manifest if we do not understand, early enough, such immunological conditions in a manner that enables us to prevent their disappearance and bring about their reappearance. And it predicts that such severe outcomes of the co-manifestation of these spectral diseases will appear catastrophically and decimate populations all over the world if the disappearance of such conditions becomes sufficiently widespread before this most important understanding is achieved. All organizations that are concerned with the noble task of protecting humankind from diseases are urged to do all they can for the completion, in the shortest possible time, of the illustration of reality required to achieve such understanding.
Thinking five or six actions ahead: Investigating the non-technical skills used within UK forestry chainsaw operations.
Authors: Irwin Amy , Tone Ilinca-Ruxandra , Sobocinska Paulina , Liggins Jason , Johansson Sofia
Published: September 2022

Background: Non-technical skills (NTS) are the cognitive and social skills considered vital for safe and effective work performance alongside technical knowledge. The current study seeks to explore these skills in the high-risk domain of felling tasks within the UK forestry context.Method: Semi-structured interviews encompassing the critical incident technique were conducted with 25 forestry employees (9 chainsaw operators, 6 supervisors, 10 managers).Results: The results emphasise the relevance of NTS for chainsaw operations within the forestry context. A range of both social (leadership, teamwork & communication) and cognitive (situation awareness, decision-making, task management, cognitive readiness) NTS were identified. The elements and associated codes within each skill category illustrate the fit of these skills with the specific forestry context, with some elements entirely unique to chainsaw operations. A range of factors that could adversely impact NTS performance were also identified across five categories (external pressure, training and experience, environmental conditions, cognitive influences, individual constraints).Conclusion: The results represent the first step towards developing an NTS framework and associated behavioural marker system for forestry chainsaw operations. Further research and development are required to produce a full system that can be used to support training and assessment of NTS in practice. However, the current results can be used to raise awareness of these skills within the forestry industry, and as support for the inclusion of NTS within chainsaw operator training programs.
What is Computational Psychiatry Good For?
Authors: Browning Michael , Paulus Martin P , Huys Quentin JM
Published: September 2022

Computational models are often used in psychiatry to identify and measure hidden processes that we hope might have clinical relevance. In other words, they can be useful when answering mechanistic questions. In this commentary we discuss an underappreciated facet of computational approaches; even if they are unable to answer a question, they can be invaluable in asking it in the first place.
Neural processing of auditory temporal modulations in awake infants
Authors: Lorenzini Irene , Labendzki Pierre , Bernson Marielle Hababou , Basire Clémence , Calcus Axelle , Cabrera Laurianne
Published: September 2022

The amplitude modulation following response (AMFR) is the steady-state auditory response signaling phase-locking to slow variations in the amplitude (AM) of auditory stimuli that provide fundamental acoustic information. From a developmental perspective, the AMFR has been recorded in sleeping infants, compared to sleeping or awake adults. The lack of AMFR recordings in awake infants limits conclusions on the development of phase-locking to AM. Moreover, previous studies assessing phase-locking to AM using non-speech carriers have not included slow AM rates (<20Hz), which are particularly important for speech processing. This study aimed at disentangling these issues by recording the AMFR with electroencephalography: in awake infants (3- and 10-month-olds) and awake young adults and for both slow and faster modulation rates (8 and 40 Hz). The AMFR was observable at 8 Hz at all ages (40%, 60%, and 33% of significant AMFR at 3 months, 10 months, and adults, respectively), but only adults showed reliable responses at 40 Hz (6% of significant AMFR at both 3 and 10 months, 100% in adults), thus, ruling out the possibility that sleep has a suppressing effect on the response. This pattern might be explained by develop- mental differences in the sources of neural processing of faster AM rates.
How do Explicit, Implicit, and Sociodemographic Measures relate to Concurrent Suicidal Ideation? A Comparative Machine Learning Approach.
Authors: Freichel René , Kahveci Sercan , O'Shea Brian
Published: September 2022

Suicide is a leading cause of death, and the last decades of research have identified a range of risk factors for it, including age, sex, a history of self-injury and suicide attempts, and explicit suicide cognitions. More recently proposed risk factors also include implicit self-harm and suicide cognitions. However, most studies have only examined these risk factors in isolation, and little is known about their combined effect and potential (non-linear) interactions in the prediction of self-harm and suicide. We analyzed an online community sample of 6,855 participants whose implicit self-harm and suicide cognitions were measured using the Implicit Association Task (IAT). We used different machine learning techniques to evaluate the utility of these implicit cognitions to predict concurrent desire to self-harm or die. Desire to self-harm was best predicted using gradient boosting, achieving 83% accuracy, while desire to die was best predicted using regularized logistic regression, achieving 80% accuracy, both using explicit and implicit predictors. However, the most important predictors were mood, explicit associations between the self and self-harm or suicide, and past suicidal thoughts and behaviors; implicit measures led to little to no gain in predictive accuracy. Our findings challenge the use of implicit suicide cognition measures in the prediction of concurrent suicidal ideation. We outline the implications of our findings with respect to the use of suicide/death IATs in clinical settings, and we describe directions to further assess the predictive utility of IATs in the prospective prediction of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.