bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Inclusive Education: Understanding and Addressing Tribal Dropout
Authors: Bhat Zahoor Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Dropout of students from tribal communities has been persistently hampering the goals of universal and inclusive education. The persistence of the issue of dropout among Scheduled Tribe (ST) students has received increased attention in the New Education Policy (2020) as a crucial aspect in achieving universal inclusive education in India. With this background, the study determined dropout first and then made a comparative analysis across dimensions including social category, gender, educational zones and dropout rates (aggregate). Finally, the study tried to determine the reasons for the dropout among tribal students at the upper primary stage. The study applied a descriptive survey method to carry out the research and purposive sampling for sample selection. Inquiry forms (Structured questionnaires) were used for the collection of data. Data analysis was carried out through Microsoft Excel v. 2021 and SPSS v.29, and frequency counts, percentage and descriptive statistics were used for statistical analysis. The study found a significant proportion of student’s dropout at the upper primary stage, as the dropout rate is 11.38%, and the majority of them, that is, 59.62%, belong to tribal communities. And the same for tribals was found to be 18.16%. Tribal males were found to leave school more (23.92%) compared to tribal females (21.62%) at the upper primary stage. Similarly, inter- and intra-zonal differences have also been found in dropouts. Educational zones (Hariganwan and Kangan) with major tribal populations and enrolment were found to have high dropout rates. The reasons responsible for the dropout were illiteracy, poverty, hereditary occupation, sibling care, early engagement, lack of mobile schools, school distance, irrelevant pedagogy/curriculum and low achievement in academic pursuits. The results highlight the necessity for coordinated and result-oriented efforts from concerned stakeholders, including students, parents, tribal chieftain, teachers and administration, to effectively address the context-specific and broader determinants of dropout, thereby promoting sustained school continuity at the upper primary stage.
Healthcare-Seeking Behaviour of Elderly Indigenous Malayali Tribal Women in South India
Authors: Sundara Raj T.  , Dinesh A.
Published: January 2025

Indigenous people inhabit forests and hilly regions and hereditarily follow certain healthcare beliefs and practices. This study explicitly focuses on the healthcare-seeking behaviour of elderly Malayali tribal women (MTW), with special emphasis on their knowledge, practices and use of indigenous plants, as well as their awareness of healthcare systems. The study aims to explore all aspects related to the health of elderly tribal women. For the purpose of this study, elderly MTW are defined as individuals above 60 years of age. The quota sampling method is employed, along with other characteristics. This phenomenological study utilizes methods including group discussions, interviews, field observations and informal meetings. The experiences of the participants were collected through in-depth interviews, analysed thematically to identify common patterns and interpreted to understand their healthcare-seeking behaviours within their cultural context. The study found that 60% of women above 70 years of age used medicinal plants. Formal literacy was not found to be a determining factor in the usage of medicinal and traditional knowledge. Illiterate elderly women possess more knowledge about traditional herbal medicines than their literate counterparts.
Conjunctural municipalism and the struggle for Zagreb: Hegemony, crisis, articulation, praxis
Authors: Thompson Matthew , Stubbs Paul , Lorne Colin , Beel David , Jones Ian Rees , Morgan Kevin , Jones Martin
Published: January 2025

There is renewed interest in conjunctural approaches within urban studies, human geography and beyond to help interpret the troubles of the political present. Moves have been made to specify and systematise a methodological remit for conjunctural analysis, yet there is a risk of losing the political impulse motivating such approaches. As such, this article brings together different intellectual and political currents informing conjunctural analysis to posit an alternative heuristic attuned towards social and political intervention. We frame this through four key concepts – hegemony, crisis, articulation and praxis – each explored as the ‘causes’ of conjunctural thinking, understood capaciously as purpose, nature, method and form, and not only origin and explanation. In doing so, we offer a practical framework for a conjunctural action-research agenda refocused on generating theory that is useful for place-based struggles. Focusing on how new municipalist politics are transforming the urban political economy of Zagreb, Croatia, we demonstrate how this framing by hegemony, crisis, articulation and praxis can illuminate the shifting balance of forces faced by activists – and how these may be turned to tactical advantage – to, in turn, shed light on conjunctural thinking as a promising theory and method for praxis. Analysing the new municipalist movement, in Zagreb and beyond, as both a product of the current conjuncture – as conjunctural municipalism – and as a deeply conjunctural strategy made in response to crisis conditions and opportunities – as municipalist conjuncturalism – we conclude by suggesting possible ways forward for the kinds of conjunctural methods and politics so urgently needed.
The protective effects of active ingredients from acrorus tatarinowii on sperm and their molecular mechanisms
Authors: Lu Zonglin , Zhao Haiyang , Wang Hui , Wang Xin , Sun Zixue
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To investigate the therapeutic potential of Acrorus tatarinowii in oligoasthenozoospermia and its related mechanism through modulation of the BCL2/Bax/Caspase3 signaling pathway.

Methods

Initially, using the TCMSP and Disgenet databases, active ingredients of Acrorus tatarinowii were identified and their target genes associated with sperm-related diseases were elucidated.Subsequently, an oligoasthenozoospermia mouse model was induced and treated with Acrorus tatarinowii. Serum hormone levels were assessed by ELISA, testicular histopathology by HE staining, and target gene expression by qPCR and Western blotting.

Results

Acrorus tatarinowii treatment significantly upregulated BCL2 expression in the testes of oligoasthenozoospermic rat. This was accompanied by improved histopathological features in testicular tissues, reduced LH and FSH levels in serum.

Conclusion

Acrorus tatarinowii exerts therapeutic effects in oligoasthenozoospermia by regulating the BCL2/Bax/Caspase3 pathway, maybe by inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting germ cell proliferation. These findings highlight its potential as a natural remedy for male infertility associated with sperm function disorders.
Caregiver’s experiences with a mobile-based educational program and its impact on dietary treatment compliance of children with methylmalonic acidemia: an online survey
Authors: Luo Qing , Liu Chunqin , Lin Lizhou , Liu Xuehua , Chen Huifang
Published: January 2025

Background

Compliance to highly restrictive diets is critical for children with Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA), and their caregivers play a prominent role in children’s dietary treatment from early childhood through to adulthood. Despite lots of efforts by the multidisciplinary medical team to ensure the smooth implementation of dietary treatment, restricting dietary protein remains particularly challenging for children with MMA. This study aimed to assess dietary treatment compliance in children with MMA and evaluate the impact of WeChat-based parent education on compliance.

Methods

A sample of 151 caregiver-child dyads was obtained through online recruitment using convenience sampling from February to March 2023. At least one month following the enrollment of MMA caregivers in the WeChat public account “Methylmalonic Acidemia Diet Manager”, structured questionnaires were distributed to them through the electronic platform “Questionnaire Star” in collaboration with the Chinese National Alliance of Rare Diseases. Subsequently, the collected data was analyzed using quantitative methods.

Results

Children with MMA aged over 5 years were more likely to present a lower level of dietary treatment compliance compared to those under 1 year old. Besides, the levels of children’s dietary treatment compliance were higher when their caregivers had higher levels of satisfaction and benefit from using the public account.

Conclusion

Our findings highlighted the significance of age-related challenges in dietary treatment compliance among children with MMA and the promising impact of utilizing WeChat public accounts as a supportive education tool.
The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans
Authors: Kim Kyuho , Jung Jin-Hyung , Um Yoo Hyun , Ahn Yu-Bae , Ko Seung-Hyun , Han Kyungdo , Yun Jae-Seung
Published: January 2025

Background

Previous studies have shown that weight change has a reverse J-shape association with all-cause mortality. However, its association with suicide mortality remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the association between weight change and suicide mortality using a large-scale, population-based cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Methods

A total of 2,103,525 subjects aged ≥ 20 years who underwent a general health screening program twice in the 2-year interval between 2007 and 2009 were included. Subjects were categorized into five groups according to the percent weight change during this period: severe weight loss (< − 15.0%), moderate weight loss (− 15.0 to < − 5.0%), weight stable (− 5.0 to < 5.0%), moderate weight gain (5.0 to < 15.0%), and severe weight gain (≥ 15.0%).

Results

During a median follow-up of 11.3 years, 6,179 cases (0.3%) of suicide mortality occurred. Weight change was associated with increased suicide mortality in a reverse J-shaped curve, even after adjustment for covariates. In particular, those with severe weight loss or gain showed 1.8-fold or 1.6-fold increased risk of suicide mortality, respectively. This reverse J-shaped association was consistently observed in subgroup analyses considering age, sex, depression, cancer, and BMI category.

Conclusions

Moderate to severe weight change within a 2-year interval is associated with increased risk of suicide mortality. To better understand the mechanisms through which weight change affects suicide mortality, studies incorporating information on weight change intentions, medications, weight change-related medical conditions are needed.
Impact of invasive infections on clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis: early predictive factors and implications for prophylactic anti-infective therapy
Authors: Bender Fabienne , König Theresa , Hecker Matthias , Fritzenwanker Moritz , Braun Jacqueline , Pons-Kühnemann Joern , Wolff Matthias , Hecker Andreas , Reichert Martin
Published: January 2025

Background

The use of antibiotic therapy in acute pancreatitis remains controversial and is currently recommended only for confirmed infections of peripancreatic necrosis. However, reliable early predictors of septic complications and unfavorable outcomes are substantially lacking.

Methods

Patients with acute pancreatitis were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups: one with a septic course defined by pathogen detection [GERM(+)] and one without [GERM(-)]. After propensity score matching, both groups were compared regarding clinical outcomes. Early predictors of pathogen detection were evaluated by multivariate analysis.

Results

424 patients with acute pancreatitis were included. After propensity score matching 123 GERM(-) patients were compared to 74 GERM(+) patients. GERM(+) patients demonstrated significantly worse clinical outcomes with higher rate of intensive care treatment (59.5% vs. 35.0%; p = 0.0011) and consecutive longer stay in intensive care unit (11.5 ± 25.2d vs. 3.0 ± 7.9d; p = 0.0007), longer in-hospital stay (26.8 ± 22.0d vs. 14.7 ± 15.0d; p = 0.0003) as well as worse results in the composite outcome length of in-hospital stay > 15d or death (67.6% vs. 31.7%; p < 0.0001). Prescence of ascites and elevated white blood cell count at the onset of acute pancreatitis were identified as significant predictive factors in the early disease associated with invasive infection and pathogen detection. The most frequently detected pathogens were commensals of the gastrointestinal tract, observed in 70.7% of the examined body fluids and 50.7% of the examined blood cultures.

Conclusions

Detection of pathogens is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis. The presence of ascites and elevated white blood cell count at onset of acute pancreatitis are significant predictive factors indicating the risk of invasive infection with relevant bacterial load. Thus, an aggressive, early anti-infective strategy against pathogens of intestinal origin should be considered in these cases and may improve patient outcomes.
Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Study of Pervious Concrete Prepared from Various Solid Waste Admixtures
Authors: Li Yi , Zhang Jiong , Ding Jie , Chen Feng-zhen , Liu Ming-zhu , Liu Jia , Hou Zhao
Published: January 2025

Solid waste materials (SWM) are commonly used in the preparation of building materials due to their structural characteristics and chemical composition. Pervious concrete (PC) is a green infrastructure material that offers advantages such as reducing surface runoff and purifying water quality, making it an important component of sponge cities. This study aims to investigate the physical properties and micro-structure of PC prepared from various SWM and determine the optimal mix proportion. In this study, three common SWM, including muck, steel slag (SS) and fly ash (FA), are used as raw materials. The chemical composition and physical properties of SWM are analyzed. A five-level and five-factor test scheme is developed using the orthogonal test method. This scheme considers the target porosity, water–cement ratio, muck content, SS content, and FA content as variables. The mechanical properties and permeability of PC, including compressive strength, porosity and permeability coefficient are evaluated. The internal structure of PC is observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the optimal mix proportion for preparing PC is determined through efficiency coefficient method analysis: target porosity of 25%, water–cement ratio of 0.36, muck content of 10%, SS content of 10%, and FA content of 12.5%. The corresponding performance indicators of the PC sample are measured as follows: porosity of 24.67%, compressive strength of 15.78 MPa, and permeability coefficient of 2.23 mm/s. This study provides valuable insights for the rapid and flexible batching and performance optimization research of PC based on SWM.
In ovo delivery of carvacrol triggers expression of chemotactic factors, antimicrobial peptides and pro-inflammatory pathways in the yolk sac of broiler chicken embryos
Authors: Meijer Mila M. Y. , van den Brand Henry , Niknafs Shahram , Roura Eugeni
Published: January 2025

Background

Broiler chickens are most vulnerable immediately after hatching due to their immature immune systems, making them susceptible to infectious diseases. The yolk plays an important role in early immune defence by showing relevant antioxidant and passive immunity capabilities during broiler embryonic development. The immunomodulatory effects of phytogenic compound carvacrol have been widely reported. After in ovo delivery in the amniotic fluid during embryonic development carvacrol is known to migrate to the yolk sac. However, it is unknown whether carvacrol in the yolk could enhance defence responsiveness in the yolk sac. Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve early immune function in chicken embryos, and it was hypothesized that in ovo delivery of carvacrol would result in immunomodulatory effects in the yolk sac, potentially improving post-hatch resilience.

Methods

On embryonic day (E)17.5, either a saline (control) or carvacrol solution was injected into the amniotic fluid. Yolk sac tissue samples were collected at E19.5, and transcriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing were performed, following functional enrichment analyses comparing the control (saline) and carvacrol-injected groups.

Results

The results showed that 268 genes were upregulated and 174 downregulated in the carvacrol group compared to the control (P < 0.05; logFC < −0.5 or log FC > 0.5). Functional analyses of these differentially expressed genes, using KEGG, REACTOME, and Gene Ontology databases, showed enrichment of several immune-related pathways. This included the pathways ‘Antimicrobial peptides’ (P = 0.001) and ‘Chemoattractant activity’ (P = 0.004), amongst others. Moreover, the ‘NOD-like receptor signaling’ pathway was enriched (P = 0.002). Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune defence and are amongst the molecules produced after the nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pathway activation. While these responses may be associated with an inflammatory reaction to an exogenous threat, they could also indicate that in ovo delivery of carvacrol could prepare the newly hatched chick against bacterial pathogens by potentially promoting antimicrobial peptide production through activation of NOD-like receptor signaling in the yolk sac.

Conclusion

In conclusion, these findings suggest that in ovo delivery of carvacrol has the potential to enhance anti-pathogenic and pro-inflammatory responses in the yolk sac via upregulation of antimicrobial peptides, and NOD-like receptor pathways.
Engineering of l-threonine and l-proline biosensors by directed evolution of transcriptional regulator SerR and application for high-throughput screening
Authors: Pu Wei , Feng Jinhui , Chen Jiuzhou , Liu Jiao , Guo Xuan , Wang Lixian , Zhao Xiaojia , Cai Ningyun , Zhou Wenjuan , Wang Yu , Zheng Ping , Sun Jibin
Published: January 2025

Amino acids are important bio-based products with a multi-billion-dollar market. The development of efficient high-throughput screening technologies utilizing biosensors is essential for the rapid identification of high-performance amino acid producers. However, there remains a pressing need for biosensors that specifically target certain critical amino acids, such as l-threonine and l-proline. In this study, a novel transcriptional regulator-based biosensor for l-threonine and l-proline was successfully developed, inspired by our new finding that SerE can export l-proline in addition to the previously known l-threonine and l-serine. Through directed evolution of SerR (the corresponding transcriptional regulator of SerE), the mutant SerRF104I which can recognize both l-threonine and l-proline as effectors and effectively distinguish strains with varying production levels was identified. Subsequently, the SerRF104I-based biosensor was employed for high-throughput screening of the superior enzyme mutants of l-homoserine dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl kinase, which are critical enzymes in the biosynthesis of l-threonine and l-proline, respectively. A total of 25 and 13 novel mutants that increased the titers of l-threonine and l-proline by over 10% were successfully identified. Notably, six of the newly identified mutants exhibited similarities to the most effective mutants reported to date, indicating the promising application potential of the SerRF104I-based biosensor. This study illustrates an effective strategy for the development of transcriptional regulator-based biosensors for amino acids and other chemical compounds.
Rapid Adaptation to Prevent Drug Use (RAPD): protocol of a pilot randomized trial to enhance the impact of an evidence-based intervention for youth
Authors: Eisman Andria B. , Koffkey Christine , Partridge Robert T. , Brown Suzanne , Kim Bo
Published: January 2025

Background

Drug use trends change rapidly among youth, leaving intervention experts struggling to respond promptly. Delays in responses can lead to preventable morbidity and mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need for implementation science to facilitate rapid, equitable responses using existing treatment and prevention efforts. Existing, widely adopted evidence-based interventions (EBIs; e.g., the Michigan Model for Health™: MMH) are well suited to address emerging drug trends. We have a critical need to advance implementation strategies to optimize system responsiveness to these emerging drug issues. This research aims to design and test implementation strategies to (1) improve the responsiveness of school-based EBIs in addressing urgent issues and (2) find ways to support teachers in implementing updated EBIs, attending to unique considerations of schools serving economically disadvantaged students.

Methods

The research aims are as follows: aim 1: identify implementation gaps and best practices using After Action Review (a reflective process used by health organizations in responding to emergent public health events) using qualitative methods. Aim 2: design and pilot test RAPD (Rapid Adaptation to Prevent Drug use) based on aim 1 findings. RAPD refers to a novel set of implementation strategies designed to enhance the capacity of an existing, widely adopted evidence-based universal prevention curriculum (MMH) to respond to emerging drug issues among youth. We will pilot test RAPD in ten middle schools serving diverse student populations using a two-group, mixed method, cluster randomized controlled trial design. Aim 3: assess the costs and benefits of RAPD from multiple partner perspectives using a mixed methods approach.

Discussion

This study focuses on designing and deploying implementation strategies to reduce the detrimental impact of emerging drugs and provide an infrastructure to make future adaptations that can be applied in other contexts. After Action Review (AAR) provides a valuable opportunity to review the statewide response to past drug use events, specifically the vaping crisis, using the MMH curriculum, which can systematically guide implementation strategy selection and deployment to meet identified gaps. The rationale for the proposed research is that designing and testing RAPD will advance implementation science in responding to urgent public health events and ensure equitable responses across youth populations.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05806840.
Antimicrobial use in animal farms in Egypt: rates, patterns, and determinants
Authors: ElSayed Nada , Amine Amira , El-Attar Laila , Amin Mohamed E. K.
Published: January 2025

Background

While antimicrobial use (AMU) in human healthcare has received significant attention as a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), less emphasis has been placed on AMU practices and attitudes in animal husbandry. To address this gap, this study examines the patterns and underlying drivers of AMU on animal farms.

Methods

A survey instrument was distributed to farm staff in 150 animal farms across 15 Egyptian governorates. Farms were selected from a list curated by a private platform specialized in Egypt’s poultry and cattle industry. An online search was conducted to identify additional farms not included in the list or when the contact information was unavailable. The instrument covered key items related to AMU including types of antimicrobials used, indications, their perceived benefits, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Using the theory of reasoned action (TRA) as a guiding theoretical framework, this study assesses key factors influencing the AMU behavior of farm personnel.

Results

Out of 150 farm personnel invited to fill out the survey forms, 111 (74%) responded and agreed to participate. All surveyed personnel reported using antimicrobials, and almost two-thirds (65%) reported using them for non-therapeutic purposes. Non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials, however, had no impact on FCR across all farm types (poultry, cattle, and mixed). The most used antimicrobials were penicillins (81%), followed by macrolides (78%) and tetracyclines (72%). Half of the studied farms reported using colistin, with more than half of this segment (55%) reporting using it for non-therapeutic purposes. Farm personnel’s AMU behavior was associated with the TRA constructs: perceived benefits of antimicrobials (attitude) and perceived AMU behavior in other farms (subjective norm).

Conclusions

Antimicrobials are unanimously used in animal farms in Egypt, including those classified as last-resort options, such as colistin. Using antimicrobials for disease prevention or growth promotion did not decrease the FCR. Interventions that target the farm personnel’s attitude and the subjective norm should be carried out to change their behavior regarding the use of antimicrobials. Egyptian guidelines for AMU in livestock are urgently needed, along with training to raise awareness of AMR and safer practices. The use of last-resort drugs like colistin should be banned in animal farming, and national surveillance systems should monitor AMU and AMR trends.
Hematological parameters in pediatric pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Vietnam: a prospective observational study
Authors: Nguyen-Huu Chau Duc , Tran Thi Hanh Chan , La Thi Hong Nhung , Nguyen Van-Tuy
Published: January 2025

Background

Tuberculosis in children remains a significant public health issue in Vietnam. This study aims to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis and to evaluate the value of certain hematological parameters in differentiating between these two forms.

Methods

This prospective observational study was conducted on 36 children diagnosed and treated for tuberculosis at Hue Central Hospital. Clinical and paraclinical characteristics were compared between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The ROC curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used to compare the diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) in differentiating pulmonary from extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Results

Of the 36 children with tuberculosis in the study group, 58.3% had pulmonary tuberculosis and 41.7% had extrapulmonary tuberculosis. There were significant differences between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in terms of gender distribution (p = 0.037), family history (p = 0.008), fever (p = 0.001), malnutrition (p = 0.008), and night sweats (p = 0.027). Pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers such as white blood cells, neutrophils, ESR, and CRP compared to extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The NLR and SII indices showed good discriminatory value, while the PLR index showed acceptable discriminatory value when comparing pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The SII index had the best diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.832, sensitivity of 66.7%, and specificity of 86.7%.

Conclusions

Hematological indices calculated from the complete blood count (NLR, PLR, SII) have good value in differentiating between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children, with the SII index having the best value.
Heterozygous Eif4nif1 Stop-Gain Mice Replicate the Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Phenotype in Women
Authors: Moriwaki Mika , Liu Lihua , James Emma R , Tolley Neal D , O’Connor Ashley M , Emery Benjamin , Aston Kenneth Ivan , Campbell Robert A , Welt Corrine K
Published: January 2025

We created the c.1286C>G stop-gain mutation found in a family with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) at age 30 years. The Eif4enif1 C57/Bl6 transgenic mouse model contained a floxed exon 10-19 cassette with a conditional knock-in cassette containing the c.1286C>G stop-gain mutation in exon 10. The hybrid offspring of CMV-Cre mice with Eif4enif1WT/flx mice were designated Eif4enif1WT/Δ for simplicity. A subset of female heterozygotes (Eif4enif1WT/Δ) had no litters. In those with litters, the final litter was earlier (5.4 ± 2.6 vs 10.5 ± 0.7 months; P = .02). Heterozygous breeding pair (Eif4enif1WT/Δ × Eif4enif1WT/Δ) litter size was 60% of WT litter size (3.9 ± 2.0 vs 6.5 ± 3.0 pups/litter; P < .001). The genotypes were 35% Eif4enif1WT/flx and 65% Eif4enif1WT/Δ, with no homozygotes. Homozygote embryos did not develop beyond the 4- to 8-cell stage. The number of follicles in ovaries from Eif4enif1WT/Δ mice was lower starting at the primordial (499 ± 290 vs 1445 ± 381) and primary follicle stage (1069 ± 346 vs 1450 ± 193) on day 10 (P < .05). The preantral follicle number was lower starting on day 21 (213 ± 86 vs 522 ± 227; P < .01). Examination of ribosome protected mRNAs demonstrated altered mRNA expression. The Eif4enif1 stop-gain mice replicate the POI phenotype in women based on an earlier end to reproduction due to oocyte loss. The unique mouse model provides a platform to study regulation of protein translation across oocyte and embryo development in mammals.
IMPROVING THE FUNCTIONING OF TERRITORIAL PUBLIC SELF-GOVERNMENT (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY URBAN DISTRICT)
Authors: Morozov Vitaly E.
Published: January 2025

Based on the results of the analysis of individual stages of legislative consolidation of TPSG, in this article the author comes to the conclusion, firstly, that there are three such stages, which are related to the number of adopted legislative acts on local self-government, and, secondly, about the changes in regional legal regulation in this area. Due to the imperative norm of the lack of powers of the subjects of the Russian Federation for the legal regulation of the organization and functioning of TPSG, regions currently have the right at the legislative level to establish only forms of support for TPSG.
The rationale for the need to legislate forms of TPSG support at the Khabarovsk Territory level in the article is also related to the dynamics of TPSG growth and the effectiveness of their activities in the city of Khabarovsk, which is confirmed by statistical data.
Purpose. The article is devoted to the characteristics of the legal and organizational regulation of TPSG. The author provides an analysis of the dynamics of the implementation of CBT projects and the problems of their functioning.
Methodology. The research is based on the dialectical-materialistic method of cognition of objective reality and general scientific and private scientific methods based on it. The key research methods were statistical and sociological.
The results of the study are to formulate the problems of creating and implementing TPSG projects. The author formulates a proposal to eliminate administrative barriers in the implementation of TPSG projects using the example of the Khabarovsk City urban district.
The scope of the results. The results of the study can be applied in the field of municipal management and municipal law.
LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT OF YOUTH IN THE ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIA: SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS (CASE OF ARKHANGELSK AGGLOMERATION)
Authors: Chizhova Lyudmila A. , Lets Olga V. , Podoplekin Andrey O.
Published: January 2025

Background. The article is describes the problems and peculiarities of labor and employment of the younger generation in the Arctic regions of Russia in the context of modern political, economic and socio-cultural reality. Special attention is paid to the results of a sociological study of the youth of the Arkhangelsk agglomeration, where the risks of job instability are quite acute, which in turn leads to high rates of migration attitudes.
Purpose. The authors aim to reveal the socio-cultural and economic aspects of the problem of labor and employment of young people living in the Russian Arctic.
Methodology. The main research methods used were content analysis of monographic and periodic scientific publications, statistical analysis of socio-economic indicators, and sociological surveys of representatives of the younger generation.
Results. It has been established that the main reasons for the migration attitudes of the younger generation of the Arctic region are both the lack of employment opportunities, career growth and decent earnings, as well as dissatisfaction with the “future” and “cultural environment”. At the same time, the authors are convinced that in modern conditions, the successful socio-economic development of the Arctic territories depends on ideological and political stability, life strategies of young people, identity and emotional connection with the territory of residence.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the practice of regional authorities responsible for the implementation of youth policy, including in the field of vocational guidance, employment and employment.
LEGAL REGULATION OF DOUBLE TAXATION AS A HIDDEN LEGAL ELEMENT IN RUSSIA: PROBLEMATICS AND TAX CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Witzke Regina E. , Grezeva Kseniya D. , Zaripov Shamil R.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the study lies in the authors consideration of the problem of hidden double taxation in the current tax legislation of the Russian Federation. The authors have identified the problem that is observed in practice, namely its latent manifestation in various forms, leading to an increase in the tax burden on business entities and citizens. The main method of the study is an analytical review of the problem of latent double taxation within the framework of the current Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to substantiate specific examples demonstrating the presence of binary taxation, which, although not an obvious violation of the legislation, but creates significant economic costs and injustice for taxpayers, including the taxation of wages, VAT, excise duties and patent system of taxation, revealing the mechanisms through which there is a hidden double taxation of the same income. The result of the study is a proposal to solve the problem of double taxation within a comprehensive approach, including the possibility of simplifying tax rules, developing a more transparent taxation system, reducing the tax burden of taxpayers, as well as revising the structure of taxation and a clearer definition of taxation principles to prevent hidden double taxation. The key conclusion of the study is the thesis that the introduction of open and clear taxation mechanisms will improve the position of taxpayers and create a more sustainable tax environment in Russia. Further research should focus on combating double taxation, which requires careful analysis and reform of the tax system to ensure its transparency and fairness.
LEGAL REGULATION OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR RUSSIAN BANKS AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors: Pushkina Lyudmila G.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the legal regulation of state support measures for banks of the Russian Federation at the present stage. The adopted normative legal acts aimed at adapting credit institutions to long-term structural changes in the banking sector are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the measures taken in 2022 in connection with the changing geopolitical situation and the imposition of sanctions. The work evaluates the effectiveness of these measures and their impact on the activities of credit institutions. In conclusion, the author concludes that it is necessary to introduce a new regulatory document that will regulate the process of creating and publishing doctrinal materials of the Central Bank, including those that the Central Bank develops on its own initiative.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify current problems of legal regulation of state support measures for banks of the Russian Federation.
Methods. To achieve this goal, the dialectical method of cognition was used in the framework of the study, which provides a scientific approach to the study of phenomena, as well as scientific methods of analysis and synthesis.
Results. The main problems of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of legal regulation of state measures to support banks are identified. To increase the effectiveness of this area, ways to improve the law-making activities of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are proposed.
Practical method for reducing the noise of a vehicle heating and ventilation installation
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Krasnov A.V. , Deryabin I.V. ,   Togliatti State University
Published: January 2025

Studies of the acoustic radiation of a heating and ventilation unit were carried out on a test bench mounted in an anechoic chamber, with several design options for the housing and control dampers of the heating and ventilation unit containing sound-absorbing elements. Graphic dependences of one-third octave values of sound levels at the studied measuring point at all rotation speeds of the electric fan impeller are presented. A conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the lining of the housing walls, which allows achieving a reduction in overall noise levels to 4.1 dBA.
Socialization of deaf, hard of hearing and ordinary teenagers with the help of an inclusive Russian  sign language program "At the junction of worlds"
Authors: Maksimova S. , Goloshubin K. , Pshenichnaya E.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the results of the program of socialization of adolescents with normal and impaired hearing through the study of Russian sign language and joint creative activities to create cartoons. The study of sign language according to the results of the survey aroused interest among adolescents with normal hearing and served as a condition for communication and organization of joint creative activities, as well as contributed to the development of attention and psychological stability. The results of the study before and after the application of the program showed that the children's self-esteem increased, the level of frustration decreased, their emotional attitude towards animation, team, help, future, present, respect for elders, for themselves improved, and creative activity developed.
Preparation of students of philology for the aesthetic education of schoolchildren by means of guidance practice
Authors: Eshkina N.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the preparation of future teachers of the Russian language and literature for the aesthetic education of schoolchildren in the process of practice in summer health camps. The importance of such activities in the preparation of students of philology is emphasized, the types of tasks that can be performed both in the course of preparatory work in the classroom and in the course of practical training are considered. The results of the preparation of students of philology for the aesthetic education of schoolchildren in the process of practical training in summer health camps are presented.
The role of student scientific associations  in the system of professional training for scientific activity
Authors: Kul'tenko Stolina
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the issues of professional preparation of students of educational organisations of higher education for research activity. The historical aspect related to the organisation and functioning of student scientific communities and circles is analysed. The normative-legal documents of a number of educational organisations of higher education are studied, allowing to reveal weak and strong sides of the organisation. The aspect of motivation of students to research activity and choice of professional scientific sphere is considered. The practices of student scientific associations organisation by Russian universities are described. An attempt to identify the conduct of scientific research activities by members of student scientific associations is made. The results of research of some scientists concerning the issues of organisation and functioning of student scientific associations in the system of professional training are summarised.
ORGANIZATION AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS' INDEPENDENT WORK IN THE INFORMATION SPACE OF THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Dugina Samira , KHmyzova Natal'ya , Gubareva Ludmila
Published: January 2025

The article deals with topical issues of building a structural model that allows students to organize independent work in the process of vocational training, and identifies the active role of pedagogical support in the changed conditions of informatization of vocational education. Some aspects of the essential characteristics of students' independent work are substantiated and the author's judgment of the definition of the information space of the university is proposed. The functions of pedagogical support are analyzed as an opportunity to organize independent work of students and provide it with the necessary methodological content of professional training, and some aspects of the analysis of experimental data allow us to identify opportunities to form the independence and creative activity of students at the university.
Preparing students for the development of personal functions in primary school students using historical material from the course "The World Around Us"
Authors: Solov'eva T.
Published: January 2025

The article presents three stages of training future primary school teachers to develop collision, reflexive, orienting and motivating personal functions in younger students based on the historical component of the integrated course "The World Around Us". The author's developmental tasks accompanying this process are proposed.
Epistemological approach to using neural network resources in the process of teacher retraining
Authors: Soo V.
Published: January 2025

The article provides an epistemological justification for teachers to integrate neural networks into the educational process. It explains how to introduce a new technology into the lesson while preserving traditional teaching methods. Recommendations are given on how to make effective requests to a neural network for generating educational content by teachers.
Approaches to the definition of the concept  of "The experience of creative activity of primary school students"
Authors: Udras A.
Published: January 2025

The article describes different approaches to defining the concept of "The experience of creative activity of primary school students" through the prism of pedagogy, psychology and philosophy.
III International Scientific Forum dedicated  to the 75th anniversary of the P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky State Pedagogical University and the memory of Professor S.P. Baranov "Epistemological foundations of education" (October 10-12, 2024)
Authors: Ovchinnikova A.
Published: January 2025

The article presents a report on the III International Scientific Forum held in Lipetsk, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky State Pedagogical University and in memory of Professor S.P. Baranov "Epistemological Foundations of Education" (October 10-12, 2024)
Development of the subjective position of a modern teenager through the integration of multimedia technologies and theatrical creativity
Authors: Fadeenko O. , Buravleva N.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the experience of forming the subjective position of modern teenagers using new hybrid educational formats, which formed the basis for the experimental activities of the authors within the framework of the innovation platform of the federal state budgetary cultural institution “All-Russian Center for the Development of Artistic Creativity and Humanitarian Technologies”. Based on an analysis of the characteristic features of the modern sociocultural environment of children growing up, the authors present the integration of multimedia technologies and theatrical creativity as an effective practice for transmitting and assimilating values. Multimedia theater sets a new trend in the development of artistic orientation in additional education and creates space for self-development and creative self-realization of children in the modern world.
Green spaces of the city of Tyumen in environmental education and family recreation
Authors: Kuprina Lidiya , Rybalova Tat'yana
Published: January 2025

The issues of organizing family recreation and environmental education for children and adults based on the resources of green spaces in the city of Tyumen are considered. Particular attention is paid to green spaces of general and limited use and examples of some forms of environmental and local history activities organized by students and teachers of Tyumen State University are given. The importance of designing educational ecological trails and excursions on the green spaces of the city for education and family recreation has been determined.
Geoinformation technologies and unmanned systems  in additional education for children
Authors: Knyazeva Marina , Mitrofanov E. , Shayahmetov A.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the use of unmanned aviation technologies, which are becoming increasingly popular today and are spreading in various fields such as environmental monitoring, geodesy, agriculture, land use, construction, transport, tourism, security, etc.. Therefore, it became necessary to train specialists at all levels. Unmanned aviation technologies can be successfully integrated into the educational process of a school. The study of unmanned technologies in a modern school has many positive aspects that can contribute to the development of students and prepare them for the future, stimulate the interest of the younger generation in modern technologies. At the same time, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles is associated with a number of problems and limitations, such as legal restrictions, privacy and data security issues, limited flight range and flight time, as well as the need for qualified specialists to manage and process data.
Cycle method of training: M.P. Shchetinin’s school
Authors: Tomilin K.
Published: January 2025

The analysis of the effectiveness of the «cyclic method of teaching» used in the «School of M.P. Shchetinin» and tested on students of the sports department of Sochi State University is carried out. The inertia of officials from pedagogy is shown. Some features of the work of the «School of Shchetinin» are given, coinciding with the conduct of training courses of some national teams of the country. The data of the study of Ebbinghaus, made back in the 1880 s, on the ineffectiveness of training sessions with significant pauses between lessons are presented.
Consideration of A.E. Dmitriev's pedagogical concept  in the development of a variable program  for the formation of skills in working with educational information in younger schoolchildren
Authors: Nasser A.
Published: January 2025

The article provides an overview of the works of the Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor Alexander Egorovich Dmitriev in the framework of developing the skills of working with educational information in younger schoolchildren. The main interests of A.E. Dmitriev in this field of scientific research are presented in the publications: "The effectiveness of the formation of skills and abilities in the system of primary education", "Modeling and implementation of technologies for the formation of readiness of primary school teachers for creative pedagogical activity", "Didactics of primary school".
The dynamics of pedagogical views on teaching  and upbringing by theatrical means in the context  of their historical conditionality
Authors: Sizov A.
Published: January 2025

In the context of the mass development of school theaters, it becomes relevant to comprehend the tasks and methods of theatrical pedagogy in relation to children's theatrical creativity. The regularities of the formation of methods and pedagogical views on teaching and upbringing by theatrical means in the historical logic of their origin are considered. The study uses problem-chronological, historical-pedagogical and comparative-historical methods of literature analysis. The conclusion is made about the synergetic effect of using theatrical techniques in various pedagogical contexts. The problem of unpreparedness of the mass teacher for the use of theatrical developments is revealed. The solution of the problem is proposed through systematic purposeful theatrical and gaming activities of teachers in the conditions of methodical work of the school.