bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quasi-inner product spaces of quasi-Sobolev spaces and their completeness
Authors: Khalaf  Al-Delfi Jawad  Kadhim
Published: June 2018

Sequences spaces  , m  ,  p  have called quasi-Sobolev spaces were  introduced   by Jawad . K. Al-Delfi in 2013  [1]. In this  paper , we deal with notion of  quasi-inner product  space  by using concept of  quasi-normed  space which is generalized  to normed space and given a  relationship  between  pre-Hilbert space and a  quasi-inner product space with important  results   and   examples.  Completeness properties in quasi-inner   product space gives  us  concept of  quasi-Hilbert space .  We show  that ,  not  all  quasi-Sobolev spaces  ,  are  quasi-Hilbert spaces. The  best  examples which are  quasi-Hilbert spaces and Hilbert spaces  are , where  m  . Finally, propositions, theorems and examples are our own unless otherwise referred.
The Comparison Between the Bayes Estimator and the Maximum Likelihood Estimator of the Reliability Function for Negative Exponential Distribution
Authors: Gorgees Hazim Mansour , Ali Bushra Abdualrasool , Kathum Raghad Ibrahim
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the maximum likelihood estimator and the Bayes estimator of the reliability function for negative exponential distribution has been derived, then a Monte â€“Carlo simulation technique was employed to compare the performance of such estimators. The integral mean square error (IMSE) was used as a criterion for this comparison. The simulation results displayed that the Bayes estimator performed better than the maximum likelihood estimator for different samples sizes.
Coclosed Rickart Modules
Authors: Ahmed Ghaleb , Ahmed Ghaleb
Published: June 2018

Let  be a right module over an arbitrary ring  with identity and  . In this work, the coclosed rickart modules as a generalization of  rickart  modules is given. We say  a module  over   coclosed rickart if for each ,   is a coclosed submodule of  . Basic results over this paper are introduced and connections between these modules and otherwise notions are investigated.
Normalization Bernstein Basis For Solving Fractional Fredholm-Integro Differential Equation
Authors: Al-Jubory Abdul Khaleq O. , Salih Shaymaa Hussain
Published: June 2018

In this work, we employ a new normalization Bernstein basis for solving linear Freadholm of fractional integro-differential equations  nonhomogeneous  of the second type (LFFIDEs). We adopt Petrov-Galerkian method (PGM) to approximate solution of the (LFFIDEs) via normalization Bernstein basis that yields linear system. Some examples are given and their results are shown in tables and figures, the Petrov-Galerkian method (PGM) is very effective and convenient and overcome the difficulty of traditional methods. We solve this problem (LFFIDEs) by the assistance of Matlab10.
Regularidades da vida: periódicos enquanto temas de pesquisas histórico-acadêmicas no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Kuczkowski Cláudio , Kuczkowski Tatiane Dumerqui
Published: June 2018

O texto reflete sobre a condição dos periódicos, enquanto objetos e documentos de pesquisa, no espaço da escrita acadêmica em História. Especificamente, examina a matéria nas teses defendidas nos Cursos de Doutorado dos Programas de Pós-Graduação de três Universidades do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). O conjunto é composto por dezoito teses. As balizas cronológicas: a criação do primeiro desses cursos na PUCRS (1986) e o ano de 2016, marco comemorativo dos trinta anos de existência do primeiro curso, interstício também das outras duas experiências. A contribuição propõe-se constituir uma visão panorâmica de como esses materiais vêm sendo estudados. Nas leituras comparativas percebe-se a concentração dos estudos em áreas temáticas específicas, além da centralidade em determinados aspectos analíticos, teóricos e metodológico.
Porto Coronel Renato em manchete: o litígio fronteiriço entre Brasil e Paraguai nos periódicos de ambos os países
Authors: Barros Luiz Eduardo Pinto
Published: June 2018

Nos anos 1960, as relações entre Brasil e Paraguai estavam sendo intensificadas com importantes acordos políticos e econômicos. No entanto, a ocupação militar brasileira numa região de fronteira, em 1965, causou desgaste na dinâmica brasileiro-paraguaia. Manifestações de repúdio ao Brasil foram expostas no Paraguai de diferentes formas, tendo grande espaço na mídia controlada pela ditadura militar de Alfredo Stroessner que soube tirar proveito da situação e explorar o litígio fronteiriço a favor de sua imagem como “defensor dos interesses nacionais”. Já no Brasil, sob um regime militar, o assunto teve menor repercussão, mas foi explorado por periódicos brasileiros de maior circulação como interesse nacional, ao mesmo tempo em que houve casos de veículos oposicionistas declarados fizessem do impasse mais um objeto de crítica ao governo Castelo Branco.
Ricordi di famiglia: a memória familiar na escrita dos mercadores florentinos do Tre-Quattrocento
Authors: Fallabrino Maria Verônica Perez
Published: June 2018

Os diários familiares escritos por mercadores florentinos do Tre-Quattrocento, chamados Ricordi ou Ricordanze, são uma documentação muito rica para o estudo dessa sociedade. Não somente por se tratar de uma tradição amplamente difundida ou pela diversidade de informações registradas – acontecimentos familiares, impressões pessoais, sentimentos, negócios e assuntos da vida pública –, mas também pela intenção desses mercadores de reconstruir a memória familiar e pela consciência que tinham da importância que o passado familiar exercia para o homem. Esses diários apresentam anotações precisas, de caráter informativo e de natureza prática, apelam à invocação religiosa e refletem a individualidade de cada mercador na forma e conteúdo dos registros. O artigo centra-se no estudo dessa documentação com a finalidade não só de ressaltar a sua importância, mas de considerar o desenvolvimento dessa prática, a intenção desses registros, as características da escrita e as particularidades de alguns desses mercadores escritores
Reflexos da institucionalização da enfermagem no interior dos hospitais: atuação das Irmãs de Jesus na Santíssima Eucaristia na Santa Casa de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (1929 — 1950)
Authors: Francelino Luciene Carla Corrêa
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo tem como objeto de análise a atuação das Irmãs de Jesus na Santíssima Eucaristia na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, entre os anos de 1929 a 1950. O recorte temporal se justifi ca pelo período em que as freiras administraram internamente o hospital. A hipótese defendida é que as religiosas cuidavam dos doentes internados na instituição, mas esse cuidado rompia as fronteiras do corpo e alcançava os limites da alma, visto que estas se preocupavam com o conforto espiritual dos convalescentes e de seus familiares, favorecendo a cura ou minimizando o sofrimento e possibilitando uma melhoria na qualidade de vida daqueles que eram atendidos no hospital. A pesquisa visa analisar como as mudanças causadas pela institucionalização da enfermagem chegaram ao município e de que maneira estas repercutiram no dia a dia da instituição.
MEMAHAMI HARTA PENINGGALAN SEBAGAI WARISAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Naskur Naskur
Published: June 2018

Harta peninggalan adalah segala sesuatu yang ditinggalkan oleh orang meninggal dunia apakah harta tersebut menjadi miliknya maupun milik orang lain. Harta peninggalan yang menjadi miliknya adalah harta yang termasuk haknya dan penguasaannya dan berhak untuk diwariskan kepada ahli warisnya yang berhak. Sedangkan harta milik orang lain adalah harta milik orang lain yang berada di dalam pengawasannya dan tidak menjadi hak miliknya untuk diwariskan kepada ahli warisnya. Setelah seseorang meninggal dunia, maka harta peninggalan yang menjadi miliknya dan harta orang lain, harus dilakukan pemisahan, mana harta peninggalan yang menjadi miliknya atau haknya, dan mana harta peninggalan yang menjadi hak orang lain. Pemisahan harta peninggalan dalam hal ini, termasuk harta yang diperoleh setelah terjadinya perkawinan dengan istri yang dikenal dengan istilah harta bersama. Kemudian bagian dari pemisahan tersebut adalah menjadi hak-hak masing-masing suami-istri, kemudian ditambahkan dengan harta bawaan itulah yang menjadi harta peninggalan sebagai hak untuk diwariskan kepada seluruh ahli waris yang berhak, setelah dikeluarkan hak-hak yang bersangkut paut dengan harta peninggalan tersebut sebagai hak orang yang meninggal dunia. Setelah melakukan pemisahan harta orang yang meninggal dunia dengan harta orang lain, apakah itu harta bersama dengan istri atau harta perolehan bersama dengan orang lain dalam bentuk perserikatan, dan setelah dikeluarkan hak-hak yang bersangkut paut dengan harta peninggalan maka sisanya itulah yang menjadi harta warisan untuk diwariskan kepada ahli waris berhak.
ORANG YANG MEWARISKAN HARTANYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Naskur Naskur
Published: June 2018

Orang yang mewariskan hartanya adalah orang yang telah meninggal dunia dengan bentuk kematian secara hakiki, hukmy dan taqdiri. Kematian secara hakiki atau dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam disebutkan orang yang pada saat meninggal adalah kematian tanpa melalui pembuktian dapat diketahui dan dinyatakan bahwa seseorang telah meninggal dunia. Kematian secara yuridis atau dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam yang dinyatakan meninggal adalah dimaksudkan kematian melalui keputusan hakim dinyatakan telah meninggal dunia. Sedangkan kematian secara taqdiri yang dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam termasuk dalam kategori orang yang dinyatakan meninggal adalah kematian yang berdasarkan anggapan bahwa seseorang telah meninggal dunia.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI (ANAK) DI ERA GLOBALISASI (Antara Ide dan Realita)
Authors: Nur Muliadi
Published: June 2018

Perlindungan anak di era globalisasi sangat dibutuhkan demi kelangsungan generasi muda ke depan. Dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia, kebutuhan demi kelangsungan hidup anak telah diakomodasi dengan dibentuknya beberapa perangkat aturan. Namun realita yang terjadi di lapangan, meskipun hukum di Indonesia secara umum telah memberikan perlindungan terhadap anak, tetapi di tengah masyarakat masih berlangsung berbagai bentuk eksploitasi anak yang sangat memprihatinkan baik yang dilakukan oleh negara, corporate, maupun non-state-actors. Beberapa usaha dalam mewujudkan Indonesia layak anak dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara diantaranya: mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui usaha menurunkan angka kemiskinan, meningkatkan kualitas sosial budaya masyarakat, meningkatnya pemahaman hak-hak anak sebagai dasar penegakan hukum, lahirnya generasi global berbasis kearifan lokal.
HARTA BERSAMA AKIBAT PERCERAIAN DALAM KHI dan UU NO. 1 TAHUN 1974
Authors: Jamal Ridwan
Published: June 2018

Tulisan ini adalah membahas tentang suatu analisis pembagian harta bersama akibat adanya perceraian. Dalam tulisan ini saya mencoba membandingkan pengaturan tentang harta bersama yang terdapat dalam KHI dan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974, yang mana kedua aturan ini memiliki kesamaan dalam penentuan harta bersama, hanya saja dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 masalah harta bersama sifatnya lebih sederhana karena hanya dibahas 3 pasal saja yaitu pasal 35-37. Sedangkan dalam KHI masalah harta bersama lebih lengkap dengan menguraikannya dalam 13 pasal yaitu pasal 85-97. Kedua macam aturan ini sifatnya saling melengkapi satu sama lain.
PENGENDALIAN INTERN DAN AKUNTANSI DANA ZAKAT, INFAQ DAN SHADAQAH
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: June 2018

Zakat, infaq dan shadaqah merupakan ibadah yang mempunyai dimensi ganda yaitu transidental dan horizontal dalam pengertian bahwa yang terkait dengan peningkatan keimanan terhadap Allah SWT maupun peningkatan kualitas hubungan antar sesama manusia, serta dapat membantu dan membina kaum dhuafa maupun mustahik lainnya ke arah kehidupan yang lebih baik dan lebih sejahtera. Bila pengumpulan dan pendayagunaan zakat, infaq dan shadaqah dititik beratkan pada peningkatan profesionalisme kerja, yang mengacu pada prinsip pengendalian intrn dimana rencana suatu organisasi dan semua metode dan tindakan yang dikoordinasi.Zakat merupakan sumber investasi jangka panjang dan sumber keuangan yang tidak pernah berhenti dan jumlahnya akan terus bertambah besar yang dapat meningkatkan ekonomi mustahiq. Oleh karena itu untuk menata pengelolaan dana zakat, infaq, dan shadaqah maka harus dikendalikan dengan system Akuntansi yang telah dirumuskan dalam Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (SAK) No 45 tentang system akuntansi untuk organisasi non profit/nirlaba, yang secara umum pada prinsip akuntansi LAZ Baitul Maal yang memenuhi standar akuntansi, yakni Accountability, Auditable, Simplicity. Laporan keuangan yang harus disajikan oleh lembaga amil zakat meliputi: Neraca, Laporan sumber dan penggunaan dana, Laporan arus kas (cashflow), Laporan perubahan dana termanfaatkan, Catatan atas laporan keuangan.
FATWA MAJELIS TARJIH MUHAMMADIYAH TENTANG BUNGA BANK
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: June 2018

Fatwa adalah pendapat ulama yang merupakan respon terhadap pertanyaan atau situasi yang ada pada zamannya yang muncul karena perubahan yang dialami oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, fatwa merupakan pendapat ulama dalam rangka turut serta menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat. Sehinnga fatwa bersifat domestic, situasional, dan temporal.Muhammadiyah merupakan suatu organisasi Islam di Indonesia yang memiliki konstribusi yang sangat besar dalam kanca percaturan fatwa dan ijtihad.  Di mana Organisasi Muhammadiyah memiliki badan fatwa untuk merespon situasi dan kondisi masyarakat.  Sehingga di era ekonomi modern organisasi muhammadiyah tertantang untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa posisi lembaga perbankan dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada nasabah. Maka untuk memahami posisi perbankan dan bunga bank menurut muhammadiyah. Penulis ingin  menelusuri tata cara pentarjihan dan fatwa majelis tarjih muhammadiyah tentang bunga bank.
URGENSI KE-IQAH-AN PERAWI HADIS DALAM SANAD
Authors: Imran Muhammad
Published: June 2018

Hadis merupakan sumber utama syari’at Islam setelah al-Qur’an, namun keduanya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam proses periwayatan dan kehujjahannya. Al-Qur’an bersifat pasti (qa¯’³ al-wur­d), sementara hadis sebagian bersifat pasti dan sebagian yang lain diperkirakan bersumber dari Nabi (§ann³ al-wur­d). Dalam menentukan kesahihan sebuah hadis, maka penelitian ke-£iqah-an perawi hadis menjadi sangat penting tanpa menafikan aspek ketersambungan sanad dan kesahihan matan hadis. Maka kajian ke-£iqah-an perawi dan sanad hadis menjadi bagian terpenting dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kajian ul­m al-¥ad³£ sebagai disiplin ilmu.
STUDI KRITIS KHI TENTANG PERNIKAHAN
Authors: Usup Djamila
Published: June 2018

Studi kritis KHI mangaku kepada sumber hukum utamanya yakni al-Qur’an, Sunnah dan Ijma”. Dalam konsep tentang pernikahan itu banyak dilandasi oleh beberapa pendapat para ulama fiqh, dan para pemikir-pemikir yang mengikuti perkembangan pemikiran ahlul fiqh. KHI menjadi pelaksana bagi peraturan perundang-undangan terutama yang berkenaan dengan keberlakuan hukum Islam (bagi orang Islam) di bidangn perkawinan sebagaimana diatur dalam ketentuan UU No. 1 Thn 1974 psl 2 ayat 1. KHI juga mengakomodasi berbagai pandangan Fuqaha, bersumber pada ajaran Islam, sehingga kedua hal tsb. Dijadikan sebgai landasan yuridi dan Fungsional dalam setiap dasar penyususnan konsep KHI.
SISTEM OPERASI BANK SYARIAH DAN PENYAJIAN DALAM AKUNTANSI SYARIAH
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: June 2018

Bank syariah merupakan lembaga keuangan yang beroperasi dengan tidak mengandalkan pada bunga yang berdasarkan asas-asas kemitraan, keadilan, transparan, dan universal yang di implementasikan dalam bentuk pelarangan riba dalam berbagai bentuknya dimana usaha pokoknya memberikan pembiayaan dan jasa-jasa lainnya dalam lalu lintas pembayaran serta peredaran uang yang operasinya tidak hanya berlaku untuk orang islam saja tetapi juga untuk seluruh lapisan masyarakat sesuai dengan prinsip syariah.Bank syariah bertujuan mengadakan kegiatan ekonomi ummat secara Islam, khususnya yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan perbankan agar terhindar dari praktek-praktek yang dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap kehidupan ekonomi rakyat.Hubungan ekonomi berdasarkan islam ditentukan oleh hubungan akad yang terdiri dari lima konsep dasar akad. Bersumber dari kelima konsep dasar inilah dapat ditemukan produk-produk lembaga keuangan bank syariah. Kelima konsep tersebut adalah (1) system simpanan, (2) bagi hasil, (3) margin keuntungan atau jual beli, (4) sewa, (5) fee/jasa. Dana yang dihimpun melalui produk penghimpunan dana yang terdiri dari prinsip wadi’ah dan prinsip mudharabah, sedangkan dana disalurkan melalui produk yang terdiri murabahah, bai’As-salam, al-istishnana, musyarakah.Penyajian dalam laporan akuntansi bank syariah telah diatur dengan Pedoman Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) dan Pedoman akuntansi Perbankan Syariah Indonesia (PAPSI), yang salah satu penyajiannnya adalah Laporan keuangan yang menggambarkan fungsi bank islam sebagai investor serta hak dan kewajibannya
Teacher Motivation as a Factor in Language Teaching and Learning in Nepal
Authors: Sah Kedar Prasad
Published: June 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the level of teacher motivation, the association between teacher motivation and language learning and teaching as well as the policies that provinces have created. The study became necessary in order to assess the impact of policies the provinces have brought regarding the remuneration of school level teachers and other factors. This view is held that there has been no commensurate improvement in student performance in response to government’s gesture. The teachers are found less motivated towards their classroom behavior. Teachers claim that they are not motivated to teach is supported by negative assessment of several variables in teaching/learning environment that are critical in raising and maintaining teacher motivation, teaching efficiency and classroom activities.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 1-4
Leadership: Theory, Principle and Style
Authors: Dwibedi Lalan
Published: June 2018

This art icle explains recent theoret ical development s n the study of organizat ional leadership. It begins with a concise overview of the meaning and concept of leadership in terms of research, theory, and pract ice. This article suggests that success is certain if the application of the leadership styles, principles and methods is properly and fully applied in management because quality of  leadership tradition offers great opportunity to further educational leadership and management policies and pract ices by accept ing and utilizing the basic principles and styles of leadership.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 11-20
Public Participation in Governance of Community College
Authors: Mandal Ram Babu
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study was to explored public participation in governance of the community college. The local people established college in their community of their active participation. Community colleges help for the access of higher education in rural area but not being able to fulfill desire of the local people. The study focuses on public participation in governance of community college. The study was carried out in a qualitative paradigm in which a case study facilitated access to in-depth feelings, views, and opinions of community members and educators regarding their participation in providing education. Data were generated through in-depth interview with parents of children in the college, College Management Committee (CMC) members, and the college chief. Data were transcribed and analyzed manually through the cut and paste technique. The study found out that public participation in governance of community colleges is of various types it may be involvement through sending their children to the college and providing fees and stationery, involvement through contributions of physical things & donations from the very beginning of the establishment of the college, involvement through attendance in programs and meetings conducted by the college, participation in real decision making etc. Further, parents financed college budgets, and were involved in college governance.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 37-42
Nepali Samajko Nirmanma Kanyakubjako Yogdan: Ek Eitihasik Bibechan
Authors: Das Basudevlal
Published: June 2018

Abstract in Nepali available in pdfAcademic Voices Vol.6 2016: 63-68
Lingaka Aaadharma Nepali ra Bhojpuri Bhashako Wakyagathanko Byatireki Bishleshan
Authors: Sharma Bishwambher Kumar
Published: June 2018

Abstract in Nepali is available on Pdf.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 69-73
Discrete Dynamical Systems: A Brief Survey
Authors: Fernandes Sara , Ramos Carlos , Thapa Gyan Bahadur , Lopes Luís , Grácio Clara
Published: June 2018

Dynamical system is a mathematical formalization for any fixed rule that is described in time dependent fashion. The time can be measured by either of the number systems - integers, real numbers, complex numbers. A discrete dynamical system is a dynamical system whose state evolves over a state space in discrete time steps according to a fixed rule. This brief survey paper is concerned with the part of the work done by José Sousa Ramos [2] and some of his research students. We present the general theory of discrete dynamical systems and present results from applications to geometry, graph theory and synchronization. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 35-51
Optimization for Upgradation of Small Hydropower Plant in Nepal: A Case Study of Sundarijal Hydropower Plant
Authors: Raut Prahlad , Shrestha Rajendra , Gautam Pashupati Raj
Published: June 2018

Efficiencies of electro-mechanical components of the Sundarijal Hydropower Plant in Nepal has been decreased and the plant has been generating less energy than design generation. The study shows that the plant can be upgraded to 1.1 MW capacity at Q60 design with rehabilitation. Main objective of the plant rehabilitation is to improve operational stability and reliability of power supply by increasing capacity, efficiency, and safety of the plant. The research is based on the Residual Life Assessment of hydro-mechanical components. Minimum thickness of existing penstock obtained from measurement is six mm which is sufficient for upgradation at Q60 design. Mechanical and chemical properties of penstock is found to be acceptable for upgradation. Machine foundations are tested to be safe for upgradation. Upgradation can be carried out for two scenarios: i) using two generating units system ii) using three generating units system. Energy generation per annum from two generating units system is 65.92 MWh lower than three generating units system. The difference in annual revenue between two systems is 3.93 thousand USD. Capital cost estimation shows that cost for three generating three generating units system is higher than two generating units system by 152 thousands USD. Cash flow analysis shows that IRR ratio for two generating units system is higher than three generating units system by three percentage. Upgradation with two generating units system is more suitable and beneficial than three generating units system. Optimization of turbine units is also carried out using nonlinear gradient reduction method in excel solver. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 82-95
Modeling Exchange Rate Volatility using APARCH Models
Authors: Ogutu Carolyn , Canhanga Betuel , Biganda Pitos
Published: June 2018

ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedacity) and GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedacity) models have been used in forecasting fluctuations in exchange rates, commodities and securities and are appropriate for modeling time series in which there is non-constant variance, and in which the variance at one time period is dependent on the variance at a previous time period. In our paper we deal with APARCH models (Arithmetic Power Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) in order to fit into a data series with asymmetric characteristics. We use Kenyan, Tanzanian and Mozambican data and perform the time series analysis and obtain a model that characterize the data set under consideration. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 96-106
A Study of Job Satisfaction among Civil Engineers Working in Hydropower Sector in Consulting Firms
Authors: Thapa Prabin , Shrestha Santosh Kumar
Published: June 2018

An increase in job satisfaction is directly related to an increase in productivity. The study was conducted with the aim of finding job satisfaction of civil engineers working in hydropower sector in consulting firms of Nepal. Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among civil engineers in 34 consulting firms. Self-administered questionnaire were distributed among 230 civil engineers where 143 respondents had replied in time. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive as well as inferential statistical method. Study finding shows that on an average, the job satisfaction score of employees was 3.69 out of 5 with standard deviation of 0.63 coefficient of variance equals to 0.17. Similarly, relationship of Job satisfaction by both method (single global rating method and summation job factors method) with independent variables shows that pay systems (0.424 and 0.642), job itself (0.334 and 0.650), relation with supervisors (0.312 and 0.637), working conditions (0.296 and 0.628) and promotion opportunities (0.273 and 0.757) were positively related with overall job satisfaction at 95 % confidence level. Based on finding of the study, it can be concluded that, the majorities of civil engineers were satisfied with their job despite their low rating on pay and promotion opportunities. The management of consulting firms and concerned authorities should focus on improving pay and promotions opportunities and designing proper programs for further improvement of job satisfaction.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 165-169
Solar UV Index at Different Altitudes of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Niranjan Prasad
Published: June 2018

The main objective of this research is to study the satellite estimated solar Ultraviolet data alongside the ground based data in Nepal. Kathmandu (27.72°N, 85.32°>E), Pokhara (28.22°N, 83.32°E) Biratnagar (26.45°N, 87.27°E) and Lukla (27.69°N, 86.73°E) are located at an elevation of 1350m, 800m, 72m and 2850m respectively from the sea level. The ground based measurements and the satellite estimation were performed by NILU-UV irradiance meter and EOS Aura OMI satellite respectively. The NILU-UV irradiance meter is a six channel radiometer designed to measure hemispherical irradiances on a flat surface. Meanwhile the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board, the NASA EOS Aura space craft is a nadir viewing spectrometer that measures solar reflected and back scattered light in ultraviolet and visible spectrum. The study was performed for 3 years Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) data. This study showed that the ratio of predicted OMI Ultraviolet Index (UVI) to that determined from the ground based measurement was less than 1.21 except in Lukla.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 200-205
"Kath Tatha Kastha-Pravidhima" Prayojanparak Engineering Bhashik Bhed Ek Adhyayan "काठ तथा काष्ठ प्रविधिमा" प्रयोजनपरक इन्जिनीरिंग भाषिक भेद एक अध्ययन
Authors: Dhungana ढुंगाना Yadav Prasad यादव प्रसाद
Published: June 2018

Not Available.उपलब्ध छैन Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 241-244
Formulation and Evaluation of Acyclovir Microspheres
Authors: S Pavani , K Mounika , K Naresh
Published: June 2018

The present study is to formulate and evaluate Acyclovir (ACV) microspheres using natural polymers like chitosan and sodium alginate. ACV is a DNA polymerase inhibitor used in treating herpes simplex virus infection and zoster varicella infections. Acyclovir is a suitable candidate for sustained-release (SR) administration as a result of its dosage regimen twice or thrice a day and relatively short plasma half-life (approximately 2 to 4 hours). Microspheres of ACV were prepared by an ionic dilution method using chitosan and sodium alginate as polymers. The prepared ACV microspheres were then subjected to FTIR, SEM, particle size, % yield, entrapment efficiency, in vitro dissolution studies and release kinetics mechanism. The FTIR spectra’s revealed that, there was no interaction between polymer and ACV. ACV microspheres were spherical in nature, which was confirmed by SEM. The particle size of microspheres was in the range of 23.8µm to 39.4µm. 72.9% drug entrapment efficiency was obtained in the formulation F3 (1:3 ratio) with a high concentration of calcium chloride (4% w/v). The in vitro performance of ACV microspheres showed sustained release depending on the polymer concentration and concentration of calcium chloride.   The release data was best fitted with zero order kinetics and Korsemeyer -Peppas release mechanism and diffusion exponent ‘n’ value of was found to be Non-Fickian.
Dissolution Enhancement of Raltegravir by Hot Melt Extrusion Technique
Authors: S. Abdul Jabbar Ahmed
Published: June 2018

The objective of the study to develop an amorphous solid dispersion for poorly soluble raltegravir by hot melt extrusion (HME) technique. A novel solubility improving agent plasdone  s630 was utilized. The HME raltegravir was formulated into tablet by direct compression method. The prepared tablets were assessed for all pre and post-compression parameters. The drug- excipients interaction was examined by FTIR and DSC. All formulas displayed complying with pharmacopoeial measures. The study reveals that formula prepared by utilizing drug and plasdone S630 at 1:1.5 proportion and span 20 at concentration about 30mg (trail-6) has given highest dissolution rate than contrasted with various formulas of raltegravir.

Keywords: Hot melt extrusion, Raltegravir, Plasdone S630.
Preparation and characterization of domperidone nanoparticles for dissolution improvement
Authors: Al-lami Mohammed Sabar , H. Oudah Malath , A. Rahi Firas
Published: June 2018

This study was carried out to prepare and characterize domperidone nanoparticles to enhance solubility and the release rate. Domperidone is practically insoluble in water and has low and an erratic bioavailability range from 13%-17%. The domperidone nanoparticles were prepared by solvent/antisolvent precipitation method at different polymer:drug ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 using different polymers and grades of poly vinyl pyrolidone, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as stabilizers. The effect of polymer type, ratio of polymer:drug, solvent:antisolvent ratio, stirring rate and stirring time on the particle size, were investigated and found to have a significant (p? 0.05) effect on particle size. The best formula was obtained with lowest average particle size of 84.05. This formula was studied for compatibility by FTIR and DSC, surface morphology by FESEM and crystalline state by XRPD. Then domperidone nanoparticles were formulated into a simple capsule dosage form in order to study of the in vitro release of drug from nanoparticles in comparison raw drug and mixture of polymer:drug ratios of 2:1. The release of domperidone from best formula was highly improved with a significant (p? 0.05) increase.
Darifenacin Hydrobromide loaded nanostructured lipid carrier for oral administration
Authors: Ala Allah Ali kathem , Hussein Ahmed
Published: June 2018

Darifenacin hydrobromide is a selective ?3 receptor antimuscarinic drug and it is used in the management of urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence in detrusor instability. It slightly soluble in water, undergoes extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism and has short elimination half-life (3–4 hours). Therefore, It has low bioavailability (15.4 % - 18.6 %). Darifenacin hydrobromide loaded NLCs were formulated by emulsification sonication using different ratios of solid lipid to liquid lipid, different types of surfactants, and different concentration of surfactants. Formula sixteen was considered as an optimized formula based on its particle size, PDI, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency. Formula sixteen subjected to further characterization such as DSC, FT – IR, XRD, AFM, and release study. FT-IR and DSC studies showed no interaction between drug and excipients. XRD study showed that drug in amorphous form. AFM study showed discrete lipid nanoparticles with no aggregation. Release study showed burst release in the first hour followed by sustained and controlled release up to 12 hours. The over all study showed the potential of NLC as a carrier for enhancing the bioavailability of darifenacin hydrobromide as compared to the conventional dosage form.

Key words: Darifenacin hydrobromide, nanostructured lipid carrier, bioavailability.
How Do Older Laid-Off Workers Get By: Reemployment, Early Retirement, or Social Insurance Benefits?
Authors: Finnie Ross , Gray David
Published: June 2018

We investigate the post-layoff configuration of income sources and pathways of prime-age and older laid-off workers exhibiting a high degree of prior attachment. Using a unique Canadian administrative database that links the event of the involuntary layoff with detailed data on income receipt, we track all of their sources of income over an interval spanning five years after layoff. We conduct a multivariate statistical analysis of the incidence of relying on income from several alternative sources, specifically early retirement (both public and private), reemployment, self-employment, or reliance on social insurance benefits (other than pensions). The two most common states for laid-off workers who have not yet reached normal retirement age are early retirement and continued labour market activity. Our findings indicate that the older workers are at the point of layoff, the greater the likelihood is that they will rely on pension income as their primary income source. This incidence of reliance on pension income also increases with the number of years elapsed since the point of layoff.
Application of magnetic Barkhausen noise for residual stress analysis – Consideration of the microstructure
Authors: Schuster Simone , Dertinger Laura , Dapprich Dominik , Gibmeier Jens
Published: June 2018

Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) is a nondestructive method for residual stress analysis. A great advantage over most complementary residual stress analysis techniques is that measurements can be performed very fast. Barkhausen noise is affected by residual stress to the same extent as by the microstructure of the analyzed sample. Thus, a careful calibration considering the microstructure has to be carried out for quantitative residual stress determination. In the present work, the influence of slight changes in microstructure (i. e. grain size) was investigated for a mild steel. Calibration curves were determined by means of 4-point bending tests. Afterwards, the calibration curves were validated using tensile test samples with known applied stress. The tensile samples were manufactured from a different batch attaining a smaller average grain size than the calibration sample. The stress determined significantly differed from the nominal applied stress due to the differences in the grain size. After consideration of the grain size effect, satisfactory agreement between determined and nominal stress could be achieved. Finally, an MBN residual stress analysis was performed on a deep rolled sample. Complementarily, the residual stress state was determined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). Significant differences between the XRD and MBN results could be observed. The results indicate that the microstructure of the calibration sample must be identical with the microstructure of the sample to be analyzed to avoid erroneous residual stress results. Furthermore, the load direction during MBN calibration must be correctly chosen.
THE ROLE OF TRUST AND AFFECTIVE IDENTIFICATION AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN PERCEIVED CSR AND INTENTION
Authors: Dewanti Retno , Pamela Erina , Mohammad Shah Khairul Anuar Bin
Published: June 2018

This research about CSR was conducted at educational institutions, where the purpose of this study was to evaluate CSR activities. It is known that CSR activities are an obligation from the government to companies. This study examined CSR being perceived by the participants, where the perception influences trust and affective identification that will ultimately have an impact on intention. Intention means a reaction to attend the training which one matching with what the participants need. CSR activities do not only aim to fulfil the responsibility, but the company sincerely provides training to improve the quality of community life. The rresearch uses smartPLS 3.0. and a total of 100 respondents. The results of this study showed a significant relationship between perceived CSR to the trust as well as affective identification. Trust and affective identification showed a successful mediator between perceived CSR and intention.
CHALLENGING ROLES OF THE TEACHER IN INDONESIAN MODERN MIDDLE SCHOOLS
Authors: Wang Gunawan
Published: June 2018

Since year 2000, Indonesian ministry of education has allowed open curriculum system especially for adopting foreign curriculum system into national middle school system. As a result, there are demanding trends amongst parents and communities to reshape the role of teacher. The traditional instruction which emphasized the role of teacher as primarily source of knowledge is considered no longer effective to cope with latest trend of globalisation and internet technologies. For this reason, the article addressed the changing roles of modern teacher along with enhancing instructional activities. The article also examines the important trends that commonly ignored by the teachers such as: advance internet applications and characteristics of digital generation, and link them with variety of learning approaches.
IMPROVING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SME) OF TROSO WEAVING CRAFT IN JEPARA REGENCY USING CAPITAL INTELLECTUAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Ngatindriatun Ngatindriatun
Published: June 2018

The aim of the research was to analyze the management of the SMEs of Troso Weaving Craft in Jepara Regency in relation to the human resources. In order that the SMEs can compete with today’s industry, the SMEs are required to be able to run their businesses professionally and to innovate, as well as to implement new breakthroughs. Therefore, the management of the SMEs needs to develop their intellectual ability and competitive advantage for their products. Intellectual capital is the intangible resource that can be used as the source of sustainable competitive advantage. The measurement of IC associated with competitive advantage was made against the elements of human capital, structural capital and costumer capital. Hence,this research discussed a model that relates the intellectual capital of the SMEs to the competitive advantage of the SMEs of Troso Weaving Craft in Jepara Regency. For the development of the model and hypothesis, the research used the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), by taking the samples of 157 SMEs of Troso Weaving Craft selected in simple random sampling. The analysis results show that human capital, structural capital, and customer capital have the effect on competitive advantage. It means that the improvement of the competitive advantage for Troso Weaving Craft requires trainings in the managements of production, distribution, marketing and finance for all individuals and employees of the SMEs.
As pesquisas acerca do currículo no PPGE da UFSC: aproximações e demandas teórico-metodológicas
Authors: Brandt Andressa Graziele , Lohn Luciana Gelsleuchter
Published: June 2018

O presente texto objetiva apresentar um recorte de uma pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento, que analisa e compara as investigações de mestrado e doutorado, especificamente as pesquisas realizadas no campo do currículo, na linha Ensino e Formação de Educadores do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Optou-se pela abordagem mista, quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental para proceder ao mapeamento das teses e dissertação, adotando-se a metodologia denominada análise de conteúdo e as categorias filosóficas políticas de currículo e diretrizes curriculares para a formação de professores. A produção acadêmica pesquisada, em nível de doutorado, contemplou o ano inicial de produção acadêmica, o recorte temporal de 2002 até o ano de 2016, e no nível de mestrado, o recorte temporal de 1988 até 2016. Dos trabalhos pesquisados, verificou-se que os estudos sobre o campo do currículo na linha Ensino e Formação de Educadores tiveram destaque principalmente a partir de 2013 e centram seu foco de estudo nas políticas de currículo, pois, das oito dissertações selecionadas, três dão destaque à temática da Educação Integral, uma para o currículo integrado, três para as políticas e diretrizes curriculares para a formação de professores e uma sobre política curricular na Educação Básica.
Produtos educacionais na formação do mestre em educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Pasqualli Roberta , Vieira Josimar De Aparecido , Castaman Ana Sara
Published: June 2018

Discute a problemática da elaboração do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) no Mestrado Profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (PROFEPT). Questiona-se, entre outros, se a produção do produto educacional como TCC não perde de vista a qualidade exigida em um curso Stricto Sensu. De cunho bibliográfico e reflexivo está dividido em três etapas: (1) mapeamento da trajetória dos Mestrados Profissionais, destacando as prerrogativas que legitimam sua implantação e caracterizam seu objetivo e produto final; (2) a proposta do PROFEPT, ofertado pela Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e, (3) a articulação entre a pesquisa e o ensino para a elaboração do produto educacional do PROFEPT. Como considerações finais, encaminha-se a necessidade de ampliação das pesquisas acerca dos desafios, entraves, contribuições e possibilidades da elaboração de produtos educacionais como TCC do PROFEPT, uma vez que os produtos educacionais não podem ser vistos como algo estanque, mas como algo em movimento, dinâmico e representativo da realidade de cada espaço educacional investigado.
Is Students’ Speaking Participation Related to Students’ Personality and Gender?
Authors: Muslimah Maziyyatul
Published: June 2018

Pedagogically, students will gain more when they engage in a discussion actively rather than as passive observers. Therefore, active participation in class is a prominent aspect of enhancing students’ competencies. Additionally, there are several studies of personality traits and gender differences proven to influence students’ participation, which encourage the author to observe the relationship between students’ speaking participation, personality traits, and gender differences. The author also investigated other factors that influence students’ participation in classroom discussions based on the students’ perspectives. Using mixed methods empirical research, the results of this study reveal that introverted students have a slightly higher participation rate than extroverted students which contradicts findings of some previous research. Meanwhile, investigation of gender shows that the average of male students’ speaking participation is relatively higher than females. Further investigation of factors that possibly influence students’ engagement indicates a strong relationship between English education background and students’ speaking participation. Thesee findings are expected to contribute to the literature for higher education researchers interested in understanding factors influencing students’ participation and as a consideration for higher education practitioners to enhance students’ engagement in class activities.

 

Key Words: English, speaking, participation, personality, gender, university, Indonesia
Digital Storytelling: An Attractive Media to Teach Narrative Text in Speaking Class
Authors: Mitra Zuana Muhammad Mujtaba
Published: June 2018

In 21st century, a huge change happens in which students prefer to learn by using digital technology. Some interesting digital technology devices are expected to apply by the teachers in the process of teaching and learning. One of the technologies that can be used in teaching activities is digital storytelling. The teachers can combine both personal narratives and the use of technology in their English classes. Thus, this study was conducted to describe the implementation of digital storytelling, the students’ responses to the use of digital, and the students’ digital storytelling works after implementing the media in the teaching and learning process. The design of this research was a descriptive qualitative. The researcher used Field notes, students’ digital storytelling, and interview as instruments of collecting data. The researcher used data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusion to analyze the data. From Some findings of this study, the media can be considered as very attractive. They are eager to speak English during the process of video production. The media has significant role to decrease the students’ anxiety in speaking. It has empowered them to make the digital storytelling video either inside or outside the classroom. At last, the students’ ability is varied. The speaking criteria from O’Malley and Pierce’s scoring rubric is not reached by all students.
Scientific Approach: Model-Based Inquiry in Teaching Narrative
Authors: Kusrini Nurul Azizah Ria
Published: June 2018

Curriculum 2013 is the latest curriculum created by the government to make the education in Indonesia better. Scientific approach offered in this curriculum is very remarkable to discuss, since almost all educators are talking about this approach. However, most of the educators get trouble and feel confused to apply this approach in teaching English, since it is usually applied in science class. Therefore, this study was written to show the steps of applying this approach in teaching English. This study, used library research,  tried  to offer new alternative vision to emerge the students’ critical thinking through Model-Based Inquiry, an activity which is able to engage the student to learn more deeply with content and embody of five characteristic of scientific knowledge in which the idea presented in the form of models are testable, revisable, explanatory, conjectural and generative. This study provided the example of teaching narrative text which might be able to be applied in the various final products which could be alternative result of this strategy.
Pembuatan Modul Pembelajaran Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis Adobe Dircetor pada Mata Pelajaran Sistem Operasi Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Sefriani Rini , Wijaya Indra
Published: June 2018

This study aims to design and create interactive multimedia learning modules that meet Valid, Practical and Effective requirements for operating system subjects in Vocational High School. The type of this research is Research and Development research conducted in Vocational High School class 10. The population of this study is the students of class 10 SMK Negeri Batipuh West Sumatra. The sample of this research is students of class 10 Multimedia SMK N Batipuh West Sumatra. The results of the assessment of the three validators overall validator assessment of the Interactive multimedia learning module amounted to 83.93 percent so that the validity level can be interpreted Valid is used. Overall assessment of the practicality level of use Interactive multimedia learning module as a learning resource of 89.19 percent, so the level of practicality can be interpreted Very Practical use and the effectiveness assessment of Interactive multimedia learning module as a learning resource of 86.90 percent so that the level of effectiveness can be interpreted Very Effective use.

 Keywords: Adobe Director, Interactive Multimedia Module, Operating System