bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights from Adolescents’ Prayer Requests within a Christian Ethos School: A Qualitative Perspective
Authors: ap Siôn Tania
Published: December 2021

State-maintained Christian ethos schools are a prominent part of the educational landscape of England and Wales, and a growing body of empirical research has sought to access, study and interpret the voices of their students in order to contribute to a fuller understanding of life within these schools and their place in contemporary Britain. As part of this endeavour, this study focuses on what may be learnt from students’ prayer in a joint Anglican and Catholic Christian ethos secondary school. Following the identification of the school prayer board and intercessory prayers within school Eucharists as offering a significant contribution to the Christian ethos school, this study set out to explore and evaluate these prayer requests composed by students. Taking a sample of 212 prayers, an established analytic framework for the analysis and classification of intercessory prayer (the apSAFIP) was employed and other notable characteristics identified (including prayer type, ‘proclamations’, drawings, liturgical language and style). The findings draw attention to the distinctive profile of the prayer requests offered within the school in terms of the issues for which prayers are offered, and the religious language, expressions, and themes that shape these prayers. The study concludes by appraising the performance of the apSAFIP in this new context and by considering what may be learnt from these themes and linguistic forms about the spiritual and religious lives of the students.
“Sir Francis Drake in the Spanish Literature of the Armada”
Authors: Vallaro Cristina
Published: December 2021

The subject of this paper is Sir Francis Drake, Elizabeth I’s most famous privateer, and his role in Spanish texts composed throughout the Armada campaign of 1588. A well-known seaman in both the New World and Europe, Drake had a significant impact on Anglo-Spanish relations, acquiring a reputation as a violent and ambitious man determined to serve his country to the death. The fight against him was conducted not only at sea, but also in literature where he was decried as Spain’s worst enemy. In poems by Juan de Castellanos, Góngora, Cervantes and Lope de Vega, Drake is portrayed as the worst enemy Spain had ever faced. Lope de Vega’s La Dragontea, a long poem about Drake’s last voyage, shows how his fearless and arrogant nature, and his disdain for danger, were not enough to enable him to avoid death and to prevent Spaniards from ridiculing him and his fate.
Neoliberalism and the Pandemic
Authors: Saad-Filho Alfredo
Published: December 2021

This paper offers a political economy interpretation of the covid-19 pandemic, framed around its relationship to the dynamics, contradictions and limitations of global neoliberalism. It argues that the pandemic emerged in a context of growing inequalities and deepening crises in neoliberal economies and their political systems, and that the pandemic is likely to reinforce the exclusionary tendencies in the current phase of capitalism, with detrimental implications for democracy. In turn, the pandemic has revealed the limitations of neoliberalism like never before, with adverse consequences for the legitimacy of capitalism itself, and opening unprecedented spaces for left political activity.
Revision of Epigambriinae Handlirsch, stat. nov., a subfamily of Early Jurassic Ithonidae s.l. (Neuroptera)
Authors: MAKARKIN VLADIMIR N. , ANSORGE JÖRG , KHRAMOV ALEXANDER V.
Published: December 2021

We redescribe the holotype of Epigambria longipennis Handlirsch, 1939 from the Early Jurassic of Dobbertin (Germany), the type of the family Epigambriidae Handlirsch, 1939. Two other early Toarcian genera from Germany (Polyosmylus Ansorge, 1996 from Grimmen and Rasnitsyneura gen. nov., the type species R. aequabilis (Bode, 1953), comb. nov. from Schandelach) are assigned to Epigambriidae, which we interpret as Epigambriinae, stat. nov., a subfamily of Ithonidae s.l. The venation of Epigambriinae is most similar to that of the polystoechotid genus-group but may be distinguished from members of this group mainly by (1) a single gradate series between branches of RP in both the fore- and hind wings, and (2) the absence of crossveins between branches of MP and CuA in the forewing.
The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber
Authors: KOPYLOV DMITRY S. , ZHANG QI , ZHANG HAI-CHUN
Published: December 2021

Three new genera and five new species of Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber: Heteropimpla pulverulenta sp. nov., Rasnichneumon alexandri gen. et sp. nov., R. gracilis sp. nov., Heteroichneumon rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., and Rogichneumon braconidicus gen. et sp. nov. The genus Heteropimpla is transferred to Novichneumoninae. The subfamily Novichneumoninae, comprising 6 genera with 8 species, is endemic to Burmese amber, and no other subfamilies of Ichneumonidae are known in the Burmese assemblage. Ichneumonids are extremely rare in Burmese amber, as well as in other Cretaceous amber faunas. However, nine known specimens represent nine different species (one is not formally described due to poor preservation), indicating a serious paleontological record gap for Burmese Darwin wasps.
A new species in the genus Chroogomphus (Gomphidiaceae) from India
Authors: DAS KANAD , VIZZINI ALFREDO , PARIHAR ARVIND , HEMBROM MANOJ E. , GHOSH ANIKET
Published: December 2021

Chroogomphus himalayanus sp. nov. is described from the subalpine Himalaya region of India. It is presented herein with morphological descriptions, illustrations and nrITS-based phylogenetic inferences as well as comparisons with similar species.
Taxonomic and phylogenic appraisal of a novel species and a new record of Stictidaceae from coffee in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: LU LI , TIBPROMMA SAOWALUCK , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA , THIYAGARAJA VINODHINI , XU JIANCHU , JAYAWARDENA RUVISHIKA S. , LUMYONG SAISAMORN , HYDE KEVIN D.
Published: December 2021

Coffee, an important economic crop, is often threatened by fungal infections. During a survey of coffee fungi in Yunnan Province, China, two saprobic Stictidaceae species were collected. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian posterior probability of combined LSU, ITS and mtSSU genes supported the placement of our fungal collections within Fitzroyomyces and Ostropomyces with high statistical support. A new species, Fitzroyomyces yunnanensis sp. nov. and a new record, Ostropomyces pruinosellus are introduced. These two species were recorded on coffee wood in sexual and asexual states, respectively. Their taxonomic placements were further supported by detailed morphological and phylogenetic comparisons of allied taxa.
Disporum dushanense (Colchicaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China
Authors: WANG BO , WANG ZE-HUAN , CHEN CHUN-LING , XU WEN-FEN , SUN QING-WEN
Published: December 2021

N/A
6. Sex, Philosophy, and the Occult
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

Yeats’s belief, reflecting his lifelong frustration loving Maud Gonne, that physical consummation is required, and his conflicting belief, citing Lucretius, that ‘The tragedy of sexual intercourse is the perpetual virginity of the soul.’ Spiritual-erotic tension and reconciliation in the ‘Crazy Jane’ and ‘Woman Young and Old’ sequences. Emphasis on the erotic and tangible in the blasphemous ‘A Stick of Incense’ and the exuberant ‘News for the Delphic Oracle.’
Preface to Part Two
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

General approach. Presence (overt or implicit) of Maud Gonne in four major poems, with emphasis on ‘A Prayer for my Daughter.’ ‘Father and Child’ (the opening poem of the sequence ‘A Woman Young and Old’) as an example of Yeats shedding his parental perspective in order to empathize with his rebellious daughter.
Rapid Increase of Explosive Cyclone Activity over the Midwinter North Pacific in the Late 1980s
Authors: Kuwano-Yoshida Akira , Okajima Satoru , Nakamura Hisashi
Published: December 2021

Long-term changes in the activity of explosively developing “bomb” cyclones over the wintertime North Pacific are investigated by using a particular version of a global atmospheric reanalysis dataset into which only conventional observations have been assimilated. Bomb cyclones in January are found to increase rapidly around 1987 in the midlatitude central North Pacific. Some of the increased bomb cyclones formed over the East China Sea and then moved along the southern coast of Japan before developing explosively in the central North Pacific. The enhanced cyclone activity is found to be concomitant with rapid warming and moistening over the subtropical western Pacific and the South and East China Seas under the weakened monsoonal northerlies, leading to the enhancement of the lower-tropospheric Eady growth rate and equivalent potential temperature gradient, setting a condition favorable for cyclone formation in the area upstream of the North Pacific storm track. Along the storm track, poleward moisture transport in the warm sector of a cyclone and associated precipitation along the warm and cold fronts tended to increase and thereby enhance its explosive development. After the transition around 1987, a bomb cyclone has become more likely to develop without a strong upper-level cyclonic vortex propagating from Eurasia than in the earlier period. The increased bomb cyclone activity in January is found to contribute to the diminished midwinter minimum of the North Pacific storm track activity after the mid-1980s.
Emotional support received moderates academic stress and mental well-being in a sample of Afghan university students amid COVID-19
Authors: Green Zane Asher , Faizi Farkhonda , Jalal Rahmatullah , Zadran Zarifa
Published: December 2021

Background:

Academic stress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered high levels of anxiety and depression and other severe mental health issues among university students around the globe. In Afghanistan, there is a paucity of research on the academic and mental health issues of Afghan university students and none pertaining to their academic stress and mental well-being amid the pandemic.

Aim:

This research examines the potential stress-buffering role of emotional support received between academic stress and mental well-being in a sample of Afghan university students during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Method:

The study sample comprised 508 Afghan university students. An online survey was developed for data collection. Model 1 of the PROCESS macro was used to conduct the moderation analysis.

Results:

These indicate that moderate and high levels of emotional support received may protect against the negative effects of higher levels of academic stress on mental well-being.

Conclusion:

This research makes an important contribution to the literature on social support. It may be inferred from the results that Afghan university students who experience academic stress, but have strong emotional support are able to attain greater mental well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak as compared to those with weak emotional support. Results may encourage mental health practitioners, university counselors, education administrators, and faculty to jointly formulate strategies for offering emotional support to Afghan university students.
Revisiting the Somatic Death Objection to Penal Substitution: Original Sin and the Nature of Consequences
Authors: Woznicki Christopher
Published: December 2021

In an essay titled ‘The Logic of Reparative Substitution: Contemporary Restitution Models of Atonement, Divine Justice, and Somatic Death,’ Joshua Farris and S. Mark Hamilton articulate a largely ignored objection to the penal substitutionary atonement theory: the Somatic Death Objection. In this essay I respond to Farris and Hamilton’s Somatic Death Objection by appealing to the doctrine of original sin and the distinction between, what I call, mere consequences and penal consequences. I begin by defining the model in question: Penal Substitutionary Atonement. I then examine the Somatic Death Objection as Farris and Hamilton articulate it. Having done this, I provide two eschatologically based responses to the objection but argue that these responses are found wanting for various reasons. Finally, I turn to the doctrine of original sin and the distinction between mere consequences and penal consequences to argue that the Somatic Death Objection need not undermine penal substitution.
Spiritual trauma as a manifestation of religious and spiritual struggles in female victims of sexual abuse in adolescence or young adulthood in the Catholic Church in Poland
Authors: Prusak Jacek , Schab Anna
Published: December 2021

Specialists on issues of sexual abuse in religious institutions unanimously stress that this kind of experience significantly affects the victims’ spirituality. Particularly devastating and distorting for their spirituality is sexual abuse committed by clergy. In order to explore this issue for the first time in Poland, the authors conducted a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews with five women who had experienced sexual abuse by Catholic clergy and/or religious in adolescence and young adulthood. The interviews were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and narrative methodology. The results showed that four respondents experienced or had experienced religious struggles in three areas: interpersonal, intrapsychic, and relationship with God. These struggles are complex and intense enough to be referred to as “spiritual trauma” (Doyle, 2009, 2011; Kusner & Pargament, 2015), “religious trauma” (Panchuk, 2018), or “spiritual violence” (Tobin, 2019). The results of the study may be of importance for people helping or having any other kind of contact with victims of clergy sexual abuse.
Robotic Modification of Epiglottis Trimming in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Babademez Mehmet Ali , Gul Fatih , Bulut Kadir Sinasi , Sancak Mecit , Atalay Saliha Kusoglu
Published: December 2021

Objective

With the widespread use of drug‐induced sleep endoscopy, it has been suggested that epiglottis pathologies are present at high rates in patients with sleep apnea. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of trimming the curled‐inward epiglottis as an updated surgical technique in patients with omega epiglottis.

Study Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Tertiary hospital.

Methods

Among the 283 patients with epiglottis pathology, 21 with isolated omega‐shaped epiglottis (age, 33‐53 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria between May 2016 and April 2019. Drug‐induced sleep endoscopy was used to detect epiglottic collapse compressed by the lateral parts during inspiration. An epiglottoplasty technique was applied as single‐level sleep surgery in patients with an isolated omega‐shaped epiglottis. The medical data were also reviewed.

Results

The mean pre‐ and postoperative total apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) scores were 27.89 and 10.58, respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (P <. 001). There was a statistically significant difference between the pre‐ and postoperative supine AHI scores (27.02 vs 10.48, P <. 001). Surgical success, defined as AHI <20 and a decrease in AHI by 50%, was documented in 85.71% of patients (18/21), and 12 patients found complete relief from obstructive sleep apnea symptoms (AHI <5); the cure rate was 38.09% (8/21).

Conclusion

Trimming the curled‐inward epiglottis may represent an excellent option for epiglottis surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea by being less invasive than techniques currently in use.
Trans-cerebral HCO3− and PCO2 exchange during acute respiratory acidosis and exercise-induced metabolic acidosis in humans
Authors: Caldwell Hannah G , Hoiland Ryan L , Smith Kurt J , Brassard Patrice , Bain Anthony R , Tymko Michael M , Howe Connor A , Carr Jay MJR , Stacey Benjamin S , Bailey Damian M , Drapeau Audrey , Sekhon Mypinder S , MacLeod David B , Ainslie Philip N
Published: December 2021

This study investigated trans-cerebral internal jugular venous-arterial bicarbonate ([HCO3−]) and carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) exchange utilizing two separate interventions to induce acidosis: 1) acute respiratory acidosis via elevations in arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) (n = 39); and 2) metabolic acidosis via incremental cycling exercise to exhaustion (n = 24). During respiratory acidosis, arterial [HCO3−] increased by 0.15 ± 0.05 mmol ⋅ l−1 per mmHg elevation in PaCO2 across a wide physiological range (35 to 60 mmHg PaCO2; P < 0.001). The narrowing of the venous-arterial [HCO3−] and PCO2 differences with respiratory acidosis were both related to the hypercapnia-induced elevations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) (both P < 0.001; subset n = 27); thus, trans-cerebral [HCO3−] exchange (CBF × venous-arterial [HCO3−] difference) was reduced indicating a shift from net release toward net uptake of [HCO3−] (P = 0.004). Arterial [HCO3−] was reduced by −0.48 ± 0.15 mmol ⋅ l−1 per nmol ⋅ l−1 increase in arterial [H+] with exercise-induced acidosis (P < 0.001). There was no relationship between the venous-arterial [HCO3−] difference and arterial [H+] with exercise-induced acidosis or CBF; therefore, trans-cerebral [HCO3−] exchange was unaltered throughout exercise when indexed against arterial [H+] or pH (P = 0.933 and P = 0.896, respectively). These results indicate that increases and decreases in systemic [HCO3−] – during acute respiratory/exercise-induced metabolic acidosis, respectively – differentially affect cerebrovascular acid-base balance (via trans-cerebral [HCO3−] exchange).
Posterior fossa volume in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a magnetic resonance imaging–based study
Authors: Milarachi Emily N , Gourishetti Saikrishna C , Ciriello Jonathan , Eisenman David J , Raghavan Prashant
Published: December 2021

Background

The etiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is uncertain. Studies suggest the fundamental cause of the Chiari 1 malformation, a congenitally hypoplastic posterior fossa, may explain the genesis of IIH in some patients.

Purpose

To assess the hypothesis that linear and volumetric measurements of the posterior fossa (PF) can be used as predictors of IIH.

Material and Methods

A retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on 27 patients with IIH and 14 matched controls was performed. A volumetric sagittal magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence was used to derive 10 linear cephalometric measurements. Total intracranial and bony posterior fossa volumes (PFVs) were derived by manual segmentation. The ratio of PFV to total intracranial volume was calculated.

Results

In total, 41 participants were included, all women. Participants with IIH had higher median body mass index (BMI). No significant differences in linear cephalometric measurements, total intracranial volumes, and PFVs between the groups were identified. Linear measurements were not predictive of volumetric measurements. However, on multivariate logistic regression analysis, the likelihood of IIH decreased significantly per unit increase in relative PFV (odds ratio [OR]=3.66 × 10−50; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.39 × 10−108 to 1.22 × 10−5; P = 0.04). Conversely, the likelihood of IIH increased per unit BMI increase (OR=1.19; 95% CI=1.04–1.47; P = 0.02).

Conclusion

MRI-based volumetric measurements imply that PF alterations may be partly responsible for the development of IIH and Chiari 1 malformations. Symptoms of IIH may arise due to an interplay between these and metabolic, hormonal, or other factors.
Vertical axis wind turbine operation in icing conditions: A review study
Authors: Tahir Syed Abdur Rahman , Virk Muhammad Shakeel
Published: December 2021

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) can be a promising solution for electricity production in remote ice prone territories of high north, where good wind resources are available, but icing is a challenge that can affect its optimum operation. A lot of research has been made to study the icing effects on the conventional horizontal axis wind turbines, but the literature about vertical axis wind turbines operating in icing conditions is still scarce, despite the importance of this topic. This paper presents a review study about existing knowledge of VAWT operation in icing condition. Focus has been made in better understanding of ice accretion physics along VAWT blades and methods to detect and mitigate icing effects.
A comparative study of wind turbine-generator modeling techniques: Physical modeling, subspace identification, and dynamic neural networks
Authors: Qandil Mo’ath , Mohamed Omar , Abu Elhaija Wejdan
Published: December 2021

The increase of the favorable impacts of wind energy on the environment and the global energy requires overall understanding of the modeling methods that are commonly used for time-based simulation of wind energy systems. This paper introduces a comprehensive comparison of three salient modeling techniques of wind energy conversion systems, which are: the physical modeling, subspace system identification, and Dynamic Neural Network (ANN). The models have been created with the different modeling philosophies with the aid of historical data-sets representing four apart days of operation. The real system incorporates (TWT-1.65) type Wind-Turbine intergated with Multi-Pole Synchronous Generators (MPSG). The compariosn provides some crucial answers to the concerns of which technique is suited for an application, consequently, the comparison includes quantitative and qualitative measures. This article can be considered as a brief guide for future researchers to have thorough understanding of the modeling concepts in the field of wind engineering.
Methodology for optimal design and control of wind energy system based on simplifying assumptions
Authors: Tounsi Souhir
Published: December 2021

The study presented in this paper concerns the development of a new methodology for design and controlling a wind energy generation chain. This methodology is based on combined Analytical-Finite Element-Experimental method. This type of converter chosen is an AC-DC inverter with IGBTs to improve the robustness of the power chain structure. It offers a reduction of the cost of the power chain and the improvement of the performances of the global studied system, as the control at power factor equal to unity and providing an electromagnetic torque which is added to the useful torque in order to extract the maximal energy. The control algorithms permit to regulate Le charging voltage and current in their rated values considered as optimal battery charging voltage and current. The global model of the power chain is implemented under the Matlab-Sumilink simulation environment for performance and efficiency analysis.
The Biological Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Skeletal Muscle Injury and Repair
Authors: Boivin Jordan , Tolsma Rachael , Awad Peter , Kenter Keith , Li Yong
Published: December 2021

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood product that contains several growth factors and active proteins. PRP is thought to be used autologously to assist in the repair of injured tissues as well as to treat pain at the site of injury. The mechanism behind PRP in regenerative medicine has been well investigated and includes the identification and concentration of released growth factors and exosomes. The benefits of PRP have been highly recommended and are used widely in orthopaedics and sports medicine, including repair of injured skeletal muscle. This current report summarizes some of the more recent studies in the use of PRP as it relates to muscle healing, in both the in vitro and clinical arenas.
Through the Looking Glass: Conceptualising the Theme of Gentrification in Contemporary India
Authors: Das Rituparna , Sarkar Arup
Published: December 2021

Gentrification, at high levels of granularity, reveals psycho-social, socio-economic and socio-political machinery processes that are specific to particular places. This article critically reviews existing literature to comprehend gentrification in the Indian context. Authors argue that the discord between aspirations and class relations gestates urban informality and suggests a new framework that the authors call the Triquetra of Informality. The framework proposes that interplay among urban entrepreneurialism, bourgeois mode of consumption and subaltern mobilisation are the impetus for contemporary urbanism and gentrification in India.
Inside, Outside, Upside Down: Power, Positionality, and Limits of Ethnic Identity in the Ethnographies of the Far-Right
Authors: Deodhar Bhakti
Published: December 2021

Methodological literature on ethnographies of the far-right has largely centered around the ethical and political implications of such studies. Discussions on researcher’s positionality with regard to his/her insider–outsider positioning, ethnic-racial characteristics and concomitant power relations in the field remain relatively undertheorized. What occurs, for example, when the researcher studying anti-minority, ethnic nationalist right-wing groups is from a minority ethnic community? To what extent s(he) can gain access and develop rapport with the respondents? In this article, I seek to answer these questions by providing insights from my fieldwork experiences. I reflect upon my own position as a non-White, minority ethnic, and female ethnographer who conducted extensive fieldwork among grassroot activists of “Alternative für Deutschland,” a German right-wing political party. The article demonstrates that even in face of an apparent noncongruence between an immigrant ethnographer and right-wing, pro-majority respondents, researcher’s position is not static but fluid, intersectional and deeply situational. Ethnographer’s long term sustained proximity to the respondents, exposure to the everyday contexts of their lives create zones of congruence for an apparent outsider and can at times undermine the dominant category of ethnicity as primary social signifier.
A novel prognostics solution for machine tool sub-units: The hydraulic case
Authors: Bernini Luca , Waltz David , Albertelli Paolo , Monno Michele
Published: December 2021

A novel prognostic approach was developed and applied to a machine tool hydraulic unit. Three components were considered: pump, sensor and valve. The proposed methodology exploited a digital twin of the system to perform simulations of the healthy and faulty machine. The digital twin was properly validated through experiments. This approach dealt with the need to carry out time-consuming and expensive experimental campaigns, that is, run-to-failures – not affordable in many industrial applications. The diagnosis module was trained on digital twin simulations and fulfilled the fault detection, isolation and quantification phases. The challenge related to the variability of the operating conditions of the machine was addressed through a robustness analysis of the methodology. The solution successfully dealt with both stationary and non-stationary working conditions. A dedicated classification model was designed for each faulty component, maximising the associated classification rate. The testing procedure consisted of the application of a 10-fold cross-validation to compute the mean classification rates for stationary and non-stationary working conditions. Diagnosis performance results were excellent for the pump, whereas they were lower for the sensor and valve, reaching 79.75% and 74.93% accuracy respectively for the most challenging working cycle. The prognosis directly exploited the output of diagnostics, allowing for experimental effort reduction. Prognosis predictions were built starting from the updated health status provided by the diagnosis output. In order to test the prognosis module, mean and standard deviation of the prediction errors (less than 1.176%) were computed through a Monte Carlo approach. The conceived methodology allowed one of the critical goals of prognostics to be handled: the Remaining Useful Life probability density function estimation.
Root cause analysis of rattle noise in twin-tube vehicle dampers
Authors: Sikora Marian , Gołdasz Janusz
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to provide an insight into the rattle noise phenomena occurring in double-tube (twin-tube) vehicle suspension dampers. In the dampers the particular phenomenon results from interactions between the valve(s) and the fluid passing through them. The rattling noise phenomena is known to degrade the vehicle passenger’s perception of ride comfort as well as to influence the performance of the dampers at low and medium speeds in particular. In the paper the authors reveal the results of a DOE (Design of Experiment) study involving several design parameters known to affect rattling occurrence. By running a series of purpose-designed tests the authors investigate not only the contribution of each particular parameter but the interactions between them. The results are presented in the form of pareto charts, main effect plots as well as interaction plots. It is expected the outcome of the analysis will aid in a better comprehension of the phenomena as well the definition of valve configurations to minimize their performance degradation.
A numerical study of hybrid nanofluids near an irregular 3D surface having slips and exothermic effects
Authors: Khan Mumtaz , Rasheed Amer
Published: December 2021

The current article presents a comprehensive investigation of MHD viscous flow of hybrid-nanofluids (Al2O3 − Ag/ water and (Al2O3 − Cu/) over a horizontally irregular 3D plane with non-uniform thickness combined with slip effects. The foremost aim of conducting this study is to enhance thermal transportation. Based on the following novelties, the subject study holds tremendous significance: i. A comparative analysis of two hybrid nanofluids with hybrid-base fluid together with slip effects ii. An exclusive study where the Tiwari and Das nanofluid model is employed combined with Fourier's heat flux model iii. Development of finite-difference code which implements the three-stage Lobatto IIIa approach for the designed problem. We have used suitable scaling transformations to convert the three-dimensional conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy into a dimensionless system of boundary layer equations. The numerical solution of the coupled non-linear boundary layer problem is determined using the built-in finite-difference code designed to employ the three-stage Lobatto IIIa formula. A comprehensive assessment is carried out in how the velocity components, temperature, skin friction, and heat transfer rate are affected by the physical parameters of interest. The same is presented through graphs and in tabular form to offer a pictorial overview. The fluctuating trends of skin friction coefficients (x, y-directions) and Nusselt number are investigated to explore the physical landscape of the current study. The findings of this study offer a noticeable contrast to their existing counterparts.
Efficient time–frequency approach for prediction of subway train-induced tunnel and ground vibrations
Authors: Wang Lidong , Han Yan , Zhu Zhihui , Hu Peng , Cai CS
Published: December 2021

In this paper, an efficient time–frequency approach is presented for the prediction of subway train-induced tunnel and ground vibrations. The proposed approach involves two steps. In the first step, a time domain simulation of the vehicle–track subsystem is used to determine the track–tunnel interaction forces and, in the second step, the resulting forces are then applied to a 2.5 D FEM–PML model of the tunnel–soil system. There are two main aspects to the novelty and contribution of this work: First, the errors of the linearized Hertzian wheel–rail contact models in the calculation of the track–tunnel interaction forces are quantified by a comparison with the nonlinear Hertzian contact model. The results show that the relative errors are less than 2%. Second, an efficient time–frequency analysis framework is proposed, including the use of a strongly coupled model in the time domain solution and a 2.5 D FEM–PML model in the frequency–wavenumber domain solution. Finally, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach are verified by comparison with a time-dependent 3 D approach, where three types of soil, i.e. soft, medium, and hard, are considered.
Numerical investigations on non-synchronous vibration and frequency lock-in of low-pressure steam turbine last stage
Authors: Zhu Xiaocheng , Hu Ping , Lin Tong , Du Zhaohui
Published: December 2021

The flow phenomenon of rotating instability (RI) and its induced non-synchronous vibrations (NSV) in the last stage have gradually become a security problem that restricts the long-term flexible operations of modern large-scaled low-pressure steam turbines. Especially, if one structural mode of the last stage moving blade (LSMB) is excited, significant blade vibrations may potentially lead to high-cycle fatigue failure. A loosely coupled computational fluid dynamics reduced model with prescribed blade vibrations has been established to investigate NSV of the LSMB and the potential lock-in phenomenon under low-load conditions. Firstly, calculations with reduced multi-passage domain have been verified by comparing with the results of the full-annulus one, and an appropriate reduced domain is determined. Secondly, a set of calculations by controlling blade vibration parameters indicate that lock-in phenomenon between RI frequency and blade vibration frequency may occur when nodal diameters of cascade vibrations is coincident with the wave number of RI. Furthermore, dynamic modal decomposition technology has been employed to identify the unsteady pressure field around the blade surface and to reveal the interaction relationship between the flow modes of RI and vibration-induced pressure disturbance. Finally, the blade response evaluation based on harmonic analysis shows that in NSV, the global maximum dynamic response level of locked-in case is nearly 20 times than that of unlocked one.
The master’s tools: Media repurposing of exclusionary metaphors to challenge racist constructions of migrants
Authors: Martin Catherine Ann , Fozdar Farida
Published: December 2021

Metaphors are powerful mechanisms by which to rally exclusionary nationalist sentiment without necessarily appearing racist. However, sometimes those metaphors are challenged, inverting exclusionary functions. In this paper, we track how metaphors in the Australian press over the last 165 years which have generally constructed migration as a threat to the integrity of the nation, are repurposed to counter the claims embedded within them. For example, while invasion, swamping and flooding are generally recruited to negative ends, the same tropes are used to argue that fears of invasion are unjustified, that numbers of migrants are too small to swamp the nation and that the so-called floods of foreigners are overstated. However, this does not necessarily result in a decrease in metaphor use, nor challenge the fundamental implications of the metaphors. We explore how the repurposing occurs, and why it may not be an effective tool for anti-racist action.
Comparison of parametric and semi-parametric models with randomly right-censored data by weighted estimators: Two applications in colon cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma datasets
Authors: Yenilmez İsmail , Yılmaz Ersin , Kantar Yeliz Mert , Aydın Dursun
Published: December 2021

In this study, parametric and semi-parametric regression models are examined for random right censorship. The components of the aforementioned regression models are estimated with weights based on Cox and Kaplan–Meier estimates, which are semi-parametric and nonparametric methods used in survival analysis, respectively. The Tobit based on weights obtained from a Cox regression is handled as a parametric model instead of other parametric models requiring distribution assumptions such as exponential, Weibull, and gamma distributions. Also, the semi-parametric smoothing spline and the semi-parametric smoothing kernel estimators based on Kaplan–Meier weights are used. Therefore, estimates are obtained from two models with flexible approaches. To show the flexible shape of the models depending on the weights, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted, and all results are presented and discussed. Two empirical datasets are used to show the performance of the aforementioned estimators. Although three approaches gave similar results to each other, the semi-parametric approach was slightly superior to the parametric approach. The parametric approach method, on the other hand, yields good results in medium and large sample sizes and at a high censorship level. All other findings have been shared and interpreted.
Book review: Richard M. Eaton and Phillip B. Wagoner, Power, Memory, Architecture: Contested Sites on India’s Deccan Plateau
Authors: Iyer Shobhna
Published: December 2021

Richard M. Eaton and Phillip B. Wagoner, Power, Memory, Architecture: Contested Sites on India’s Deccan Plateau. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2017, Paperback, 422 pp. ISBN: 9780199477692
Matter of Time: Ceramics and Historicity in Medieval South India
Authors: Johal Mannat
Published: December 2021

This article examines how people formed and negotiated relations to time in routine engagements with materials and places in medieval South India. Questions of history and memory, which have become central to our understanding of precolonial Indian social and political practices, are frequently considered in relation to courtly epigraphical and textual production or monumental building projects. Positing that experiences of time are formed in everyday acts of production, consumption and maintenance, this article problematises the term ‘social memory’ to propose an alternative framework for exploring temporal relations: the concept of historicity. Historicity provides a robust analytical vocabulary for discussing how historical actors inhabited their own present, how they oriented themselves towards pasts and futures, and the kinds of timescales that both framed their actions and were formed in action. Operationalising this framework, I build on an analysis of excavated ceramics from a twelfth- to thirteenth-century settlement at Maski (northern Karnataka) to foreground the diverse ways in which individuals and communities drew upon available pasts and acted with initiative within an intersubjective present world of tasks and activities.
Ever the Handmaid? A Consideration of What a Medieval Archaeology in South Asia Might Be
Authors: Hawkes Jason D.
Published: December 2021

This article shifts discussion of the medieval in South Asia away from conversations about ‘what’ took place towards ‘how’ it is studied. Following a brief review of what defines the South Asian medieval, this article starts with the premise that the entire period has not been studied archaeologically and that there is a great deal of potential in doing so. This potential is explored with reference to recent work in Central India, which has investigated a particular set of developments in which socio-economic histories first located the transition from the ancient to the medieval in South Asia, namely, royal grants of land to Hindu temples in the fourth to seventh centuries ce. Considering these land grants as archaeological objects and situating them in the very landscapes they existed within reveal a great deal of new information about early medieval social formation and the transition to the early medieval in this region. In presenting this research, I demonstrate not only the potential value of an archaeological approach to the study of the period but also the necessity of it. Consideration then turns to the directions and form(s) that a ‘medieval archaeology’ might usefully take in the study of South Asia, which by no means shares the same empirical (text–object) and theoretical (historical–archaeological) relationships as the study of the medieval elsewhere in the world.
Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health of Palliative Care Professionals and Services: A Mixed-Methods Survey Study
Authors: Chan Wallace Chi Ho , Woo Raymond Kam Wing , Kwok Denis Ka-Shaw , Yu Clare Tsz Kiu , Chiu Lawrence Man-Hon
Published: December 2021

Introduction

This study aimed to examine the mental health of palliative care professionals in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship of mental health with socio-demographic factors, and the impact of the pandemic on palliative care services.

Methods

A total of 142 palliative care professionals in Hong Kong participated in an online survey. The questionnaire includes measurements on depression, anxiety, perceived stress, post-traumatic stress, professional quality of life, items that measure the effect of COVID-19 on palliative care services, and one open-ended question for describing how the services were affected. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative data about the impact of COVID-19 on palliative care services were analyzed and triangulated using a mixed-methods approach.

Results

Up to 82%, 43%, and 42% of the participants felt moderately to highly stressed, anxious, and depressed, respectively, during the pandemic. Younger participants tended to have poorer mental health and professional quality of life. Around 82% felt stressed when communicating with patients and family members under the no-visiting policy during the pandemic. More than three-quarters of participants showed lack of confidence in the anti-epidemic policy of the government. Qualitative findings identified 3 themes affecting the provision of palliative care: 1. the tightening of restrictions on visitors; 2. the limited provision of services; and 3. staff deployment.

Conclusions

Appropriate responses are required to give extra support to palliative care professionals during the pandemic and facilitate their coping with the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of palliative care.
Making 20% Matter Most: Meeting the Needs of Gifted and High Ability Students Through Type III 20Time (T4) Projects
Authors: Bailey Pamela , Newman Jane L.
Published: December 2021

A 9th grade Honors English class creates and publishes original poems, art, fiction, and nonfiction products through an activity called “Type Three – Twenty Time = T4.” The instructional method merges elements from Renzulli’s Type III process with elements from Brookhouser’s 20Time Project-based learning model. Each student researches an interest passion topic and creates a related original product or service for a real audience. Upon reflection on the experience, the author identifies evidence-based practices including compacting ELA course content to create time for the T4 process; enhanced student engagement; active learning versus passive learning; improved writing skills; quality presentation skills; higher level creative and critical thinking; and upgraded 21st Century skills.
Barriers to Help-Seeking for Sexual Violence Among Married or Cohabiting Women in Ghana
Authors: Apatinga Gervin A. , Tenkorang Eric Y.
Published: December 2021

While sexual violence against women has gained attention in sub-Saharan Africa, research examining help-seeking remains limited. Scholarship on barriers to help-seeking among sexually abused married or cohabiting women is particularly lacking. We used the barriers model and held 15 in-depth interviews with sexually abused Ghanaian married or cohabiting women to examine help-seeking behaviors. Participants identified multiple barriers to help-seeking, including financial difficulties, lack of social support, and stigma. The results corroborate the barriers model's formulation of the challenges faced by female survivors in reporting violence. They indicate the need to improve laws to promote help-seeking among women with experiences of sexual violence.
The experience of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dalby Melanie , Ailawadi Nikant
Published: December 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the care of many cancer patients in a variety of ways. This study was conducted to understand the experience cancer patients have had during the pandemic.

Method

Cancer patients who were under the care of the Trust between September 2020 – January 2021 were invited to take part in a survey sent through as a text message.

Results

A total of 600 patients were sent a text message with a link to an online survey. There were 82 patients who responded. The data has been divided into three themes of information provision and safety around COVID-19, impact on cancer care and feeling supported by staff.

Conclusion

It was encouraging to see that patients felt safe coming into the hospitals if it was required and they received appropriate information about changes to their care and how to protect themselves against COVID-19. Most patients stated that the pandemic had not influenced their cancer care. Of those that did experience delays most were understanding of this. There was a mixture of responses in terms of patients feeling supported by staff, most inpatients did feel supported and 75% of patients were able to contact their specialist nurse.
Myelin Protein Zero Immunohistochemistry Is Not a Reliable Marker of Extrinsic Mucosal Innervation in Patients With Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Kapur Raj P. , Tisoncik-Go Jennifer , Gale Michael
Published: December 2021

Background

Innervation of aganglionic rectum in Hirschsprung disease derives from extrinsic nerves which project from cell bodies located outside the bowel wall and markers that distinguish extrinsic from intrinsic innervation are diagnostically useful. Myelin protein zero (MPZ) is a putative marker of extrinsic glial cells which could distinguish mucosal innervation in aganglionic vs ganglionic colon.

Methods

Sections and protein blots from ganglionic and aganglionic colon were immunolabeled with MPZ-specific antibodies.

Results

Immunolabeling of MPZ with a chicken polyclonal or mouse monoclonal antibody confirmed glial specificity and reliably labeled hypertrophic submucosal nerves in Hirschsprung disease. In contrast, a rabbit polyclonal antibody strongly labeled extrinsic and intrinsic nerves, including most mucosal branches. Immunoblots showed MPZ is expressed in mucosal glial cells, albeit at lower levels than in extrinsic nerves, and that the rabbit antibody is more sensitive that the other two probes. Unfortunately, none of these antibodies consistently distinguished mucosal innervation in aganglionic vs ganglionic rectum

Conclusions

The results suggest that (a) glial cell myelin protein zero expression is influenced more by location (mucosa vs submucosa) than the extrinsic vs intrinsic origin of the accompanied nerves and (b) myelin protein zero immunohistochemistry has limited value as a diagnostic adjunct for Hirschsprung disease.