bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigação da incidência de cefaleia pós-punção dural em um hospital na cidade de Três Lagoas/MS
Authors: Paschoal Ana Paula , Costa Lara Cristina Rodrigues de Oliveira , Vilaça Marcello Pansani , Torres-da-Silva Kelly Regina , Silva André Valério
Published: January 2022

A cefaleia pós-punção dural (CPPD) é a complicação mais frequente da anestesia subaracnóidea, com incidência variando entre 0,04 a 3%. Surge, geralmente, em até sete dias após a punção dural, com duração aproximada de duas semanas e, normalmente, é autorresolutiva. Durante o período da dor, o paciente pode ter sua rotina diária prejudicada, pois o quadro tipicamente piora quando é adotada a posição ortostática. Diversos fatores de risco podem contribuir para o aparecimento da complicação, e eles podem ser relacionados ao paciente, à técnica de punção e ao material utilizado. O diagnóstico de CPPD é clínico, e a conduta terapêutica varia de acordo com a apresentação e gravidade da dor, podendo ser clínica ou, idealmente, ser realizado o tamponamento sanguíneo peridural ou “blood patch”. Objetivou-se identificar a frequência da CPPD tratada com tamponamento sanguíneo peridural, associada a fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos em um hospital na cidade de Três Lagoas/MS. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, tipo coorte transversal retrospectivo, via análise documental para a investigação de tamponamento sanguíneo peridural realizado a partir de cefaleia secundária, em pacientes que foram submetidos à anestesia subaracnóidea, no período de 01/01/2011 a 03/04/2019. Foram identificados 57 tamponamentos sanguíneos peridurais, com uma taxa de prevalência de 0,25%, incidência anual oscilante e predomínio do sexo feminino. Do total, 49 (86%) pacientes eram mulheres, 36 (63%) tinham entre 21 e 40 anos e 52 (91%) deles apresentaram os sintomas da CPPD em até 5 dias pós-anestesia. Concluiu-se que a realização de tamponamento sanguíneo peridural para tratamento de CPPD ainda é comum e sem resolução definitiva. A necessidade da adoção constante de medidas profiláticas evidentes que possam reduzir a incidência da complicação é absoluta, uma vez que o retorno do paciente ao centro cirúrgico é acompanhado de riscos infectopatológicos, psicossociais e impactos socioeconômicos.
Atuação do enfermeiro na gestação de alto risco: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Nascimento José William Araújo do , Silva Ana Carla Macedo da , Santos Natália Borba Cavalcanti dos , Gonçalves Dhenifer Cristiane Macedo , Silva Ana Carolina Gonçalves da , Cavalcanti Andréa de Oliveira Ribeiro , Candéas Ana Ravely da Silva , Pires Érica Lays Leite , Santos Andreza Pereira dos , Pereira Karoliny Alves
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica as formas de atuação do enfermeiro à gestantes de alto risco. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática da literatura baseada no método Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews e Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas BDENF, Lilacs, Pubmed e Web of Science, por meio dos seguintes descritores: “Gravidez de alto risco”, “Cuidados de enfermagem” e “Enfermagem obstétrica”. Foram incluídos artigos completos, disponíveis em português, inglês ou espanhol, publicados entre janeiro de 2016 a outubro de 2021. Resultados: 11 artigos compuseram a amostra final deste estudo. Referente a atuação do enfermeiro na gestação de alto risco, a partir da amostra de artigos foi possível elencar os seguintes eixos temáticos: 1. Implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) no plano terapêutico das gestantes de risco; 2. Utilizar preceitos preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde a fim de garantir um atendimento humanizado - acolhimento: apoio emocional e informacional; 3. Realizar a avaliação e monitoramento do risco gestacional e executar os cuidados técnicos-científicos no tratamento das doenças associadas ao risco gestacional e durante o parto e puerpério; 4. Realizar a educação em saúde de forma constante nas gestantes de alto risco. Conclusão: Verificou-se que o cuidado à gestante de alto risco ficou evidente por meio de um pré-natal de qualidade, a partir do plano de cuidado individualizado organizado pelo enfermeiro, sob o apoio da família e por meio do uso da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, de tecnologias leves e pelo processo de educação em saúde.
Estratégias tecnológicas utilizadas no ensino durante a pandemia
Authors: Sousa Socorro de Maria Rodrigues , Costa Gabriela Oliveira Parentes da , Sousa Rogério Pinto de , Santos Micilane Nascimento dos , Oliveira Naianne Geórgia Sousa de , Toussaint Luciana Spindola Monteiro , Mariano Sarah Carolina Borges , Rosal Verônica Maria de Sena , Ferreira Ravena de Sousa Alencar , Senna Laíse Virgínia Soares , Furtado Érida Zoé Lustosa , Nascimento Lilian Ferreira do , Rezende Verônica Elis Araújo , Tinel Otília Maria Reis Sousa , Vieira Rebeca Natacha Barbosa , Moreiras Felipe de Sousa
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Existem recursos tecnológicos que podem contribuir com o desenvolvimento dos discentes, assim, tem-se como objetivo: Realizar um estudo bibliográfico para conhecer quais as estratégias tecnológicas foram mais utilizadas para dar continuidade ao ensino durante a pandemia. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica. O levantamento dos dados ocorreu em julho de 2021, utilizando-se os termos: Google Meet; Covid-19; WhatsApp; Mídias Digitais no Ensino. Após a etapa de refinamento, restaram 14 artigos que fizeram parte da amostra. Resultados e discussão: O Google Meet que foi a plataforma mais utilizada. Foram usados o Facebook WhatsApp como ferramentas de comunicação entre os professores e alunos. Além do Google Classroom e Gravação de Podcast. Uma estratégia que chamou a atenção foi o uso do Instagram para lives, cuja ferramenta permite que as aulas sejam salvas no IGTV da rede social, podendo ser vista quantas vezes o aluno desejar.  Esta mídia social possibilita aos seus usuários diferentes experiências promovendo o engajamento e a prática educativa colaborativa. Considerações Finais: As ferramentas do Google foram as mais utilizadas, ou por serem de fácil acesso ou devido ao acesso gratuito. Percebeu-se que as redes sociais também foram exploradas para ministração das aulas. O Youtube também serviu ao mesmo propósito. O WhatsApp, além de ferramenta usada para comunicação entre os docentes e alunos também foi usado como recurso nas aulas.
Distribuição de casos novos da hanseníase em um estado do Nordeste
Authors: Melo Robert Lincoln Barros , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Comassetto Isabel , Santos Valéria Bezerra , Barros Alice Correia , Bernardo Thaís Honório Lins , Santos Wanderlei Barbosa dos , Santos José Augustinho Mendes
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: analisar a distribuição de casos novos da hanseníase em um estado do Nordeste entre os anos de 2008 e 2017. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico descritivo, retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa, realizada a partir dos dados secundários do SINAN; população composta pelos casos novos notificados entre 2008 a 2017. Realizou-se análise descritiva, buscando-se esquematizar a variabilidade dos dados entre si. Resultados: Seguindo a mensuração dos dados, eles foram apresentados de forma descritivas para as frequências absoluta e relativa. Foram notificados 3.542 casos no período. As variáveis estudadas foram sexo, faixa etária, ano de diagnóstico e características clínicas. Do total 51,8% eram do sexo feminino, e a faixa etária concentrou-se entre 30 e 39 e anos (18,4%). A forma clínica mais prevalente foi a multibacilar. A taxa média de detecção foi de 21,23 casos novos para cada 100 mil habitantes. Conclusão: o estudo evidencia a necessidade de intensificação e concretização da vigilância em hanseníase.
Distribuição espacial do risco de feminicídio em Campinas - São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Caicedo Roa Monica , Cordeiro Ricardo Carlos , Bandeira Lourdes Maria
Published: January 2022

Os feminicídios não se distribuem de forma aleatória, são produto de uma convergência de fatores sociais políticos, econômicos e culturais que confluem para que aconteçam eventos violentos no território. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a distribuição espacial do risco de morte por feminicídio na cidade de Campinas, São Paulo - Brasil por meio de um estudo caso-controle. Pesquisadores treinados realizaram a coleta das informações dos casos utilizando a técnica da autopsia verbal. Durante os anos 2018 e 2019 aconteceram 24 casos de feminicídio. Mulheres vítimas faleceram principalmente em locais residências em consequência de ataques com objetos perfurocortantes proporcionados por conhecidos principalmente namorados e conjugues. Os casos foram distribuídos no território e emparelhados com moradoras da cidade em uma relação de 1:4. Foi desenvolvida uma análise espacial identificando os locais de moradia e morte das mulheres vítimas. Por meio de um modelo linear generalizado se determinaram as regiões noroeste e sudoeste da cidade como aquelas nas quais existe maior risco de ocorrência de casos. São discutidos os achados no marco da normatividade legal brasileira e os eixos de intervenção para a eliminação da violência letal contra as mulheres no contexto Latino-americano.
Segurança do paciente em tratamento quimioterápico: relato de enfermeiros sobre os cuidados para prevenção de iatrogenias associadas aos antineoplásicos
Authors: Melo Filho Pedro Leite de , Viana Ana Claudia Gomes
Published: January 2022

Eventos adversos são definidos como um efeito não esperado a saúde do cliente, decorrente da assistência dos profissionais de saúde, que pode ocorrer por imperícia ou negligência. Os desafios para a melhoria da segurança do paciente e a qualidade dos serviços em oncologia estão unidos entre si, como estratégia para redução desses eventos adversos, principalmente na administração de antineoplásicos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar, a partir do relato de profissionais de enfermagem, quais são os cuidados adotados para assegurar o paciente em tratamento quimioterápico. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de campo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 8 enfermeiros assistenciais que atuam em um serviço oncológico na assistência aos pacientes em uso de quimioterapia. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de abril e maio de 2021, através de um questionário disponibilizado pelo google formulário e os dados foram analisados conforme a técnica de análise de conteúdo. A análise do material resultou na proposição de duas categorias, a categoria 1 discorre sobre os cuidados de enfermagem antes, durante e após a infusão de drogas antineoplásicas e a categoria 2, aborda os eventos adversos mais recorrentes nos serviços de quimioterapia antineoplásica e cuidados adotados pela equipe de enfermagem. Concluiu que é necessário proporcionar uma educação continuada dos profissionais atuantes, a elaboração de protocolos específicos de cuidado e a disseminação de conhecimento sobre a Política Nacional de Segurança do Paciente, de modo que são ferramentas essenciais para a redução dos eventos adversos.
PENILAIAN KINERJA UNIT PELAYANAN PADA ORGANISASI PUBLIK
Authors: Ismiyarto Ismiyarto
Published: January 2022

Public policy to assess the performance of public services has been regulated in Law Number 25 Year 2009 on Public Service, Government Regulation No. 96 Year 2012 on Implementation of Law Number 25 Year 2009 on Public Service. Technically regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform No. 38 of 2012 on Guidelines for Assessment of Performance of Public Service Units. Various performance appraisal policies of public service units in public organizations need to be continuously socialized and applied within the Ministry/ Institution/Government environment. Given such an assessment it strongly encourages the innovation of various types of public services to create better public services over time. With the realization of a better public service this is one of the goals of bureaucracy reform.
VILLAGE FUNDS MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEPPANGENG VILLAGE, AJANGALE DISTRICT, BONE REGENCY
Authors: Haeranah Haeranah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe and analyze the management of village funds in increasing development in the village of Leppangeng, the obstacles that occur in its application, and the efforts that can be made in overcoming various obstacles. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data through interviews and observations and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the Village Fund in Leppangeng Village had been carried out well and effectively in the field of development, but it was still efficient in its use. However, the realization of the use of village funds in 2018 has decreased compared to previous years due to various obstacles. The commitment of the central government, regional government, and village government to jointly succeed in the success of the village fund policy, especially in terms of increasing the competence of the apparatus in the village in terms of knowledge of the application of the village financial system.
MIGRASI TOTAL MASUK KABUPATEN/KOTA DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2015: TREN DAN DETERMINAN
Authors: Muhamad Alby Nur
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini mendokumentasikan hubungan migrasi masuk dari orang-orang yang melakukan proses perpindahan penduduk laki-laki dan perempuan di Indonesia tahun 2015, baik migran seumur hidup, juga migran risen yang berkaitan dengan daya tarik ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan (N=510 kabupaten/kota). Menggunakan analisis regresi double log berganda, hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa migrasi masuk dijelaskan secara bersama-sama  dijelaskan oleh karakteristik kabupaten/kota (R-Squared =53,05%). Hasil analisis regresi double log berganda menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan jumlah migran total masuk terkait dengan pertumbuhan  positif signifikan dengan PDRB perkapita, PDRB lapangan usaha industry pengolahan atas harga berlaku, dan PDRB lapangan usaha sektor jasa. Begitu juga, rata-rata lama sekolah dan indeks demokrasi Indonesia berkorelasi erat dan positif signifikan dengan migrasi total masuk. Sedangkan, angka kemiskinan, rata -rata suhu, berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan migrasi masuk dengan arah korelasi negatif. Beberapa temuan penting penulis menunjukkan bahwa di mana kawasan industri kaya dengan jumlah PDRB perkapita yang tinggi masih menarik orang untuk bermigrasi untuk mengejar harapan ekonomi, lingkungan, jaminan demokrasi yang lebih baik dan status sosial yang lebih baik.

 

Kata kunci: Migrasi Total Masuk, Analisis Regresi Double Log Berganda, kabupaten/kota tahun 2015
Implementasi Penyaluran Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa di Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Sigi 2020
Authors: Yul Dewi Marta Fitri , Nurlitasari Ramadiyanti
Published: January 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda Indonesia pada awal tahun 2020, seketika merubah keadaan dari krisis kesehatan menjadi krisis ekonomi. untuk mengurangi dampak tersebut, Pemerintah lndonesia berupaya melakukan refocusing anggaran pada tiga bidang pokok yakni kesehatan, ekonomi, dan jaring pengaman sosial, termasuk didalamnya pengalihan anggaran dana desa menjadi bantuan langsung tunai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi penyaluran BLT-Dana Desa , mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat keberhasilan peIaksanaannya, serta mengkaji upaya yang diIakukan untuk mengatasi kendala dalam pelaksanaan penyaIuran BLT-Dana Desa pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah dengan menggunakan teori implementasi dari Edward III. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif mengggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil pelaksanaan penelitian adalah implementasi penyaIuran BLT-Dana Desa pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah belum terlaksana maksimal. Hal ini dikarenakan komunikasi yang dimiliki antara pemerintah supradesa, pemerintah desa, maupun masyarakat belum terlaksana dengan baik. Faktor pendukung keberhasilan Implementasi penyaluran BLT-Dana Desa yaitu adanya komunikasi, sumberdaya disposisi dan struktur birokrasi yang baik. Sedangkan faktor penghambat antara lain tumpang tindihnya data penerima manfaat BLT dan calon penerima manfaat yang belum memiliki NIK.
Implementasi Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan Berbasis Akrual dalam Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Daerah Kota Bengkulu Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Putra Septian Asriadi , Varina Rara Juniar
Published: January 2022

Implementasi Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan (SAP) berbasis akrual yang baik dalam penyajiannya akan mempengaruhi opini yang diberikan oleh BPK terhadap Laporan Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah. Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan BPK terhadap LKPD Kota Bengkulu dari tahun 2018 sampai 2020 menunjukkan opini yang diberikan ialah Wajar Tanpa Pengeculian (WTP). Tujuan dari penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk memahami dan menganalisis implementasi Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan berbasis akrual dilihat dari aspek standar dan sasaran kebijakan, sumber daya, hubungan antar organisasi, kondisi sosial politik dan ekonomi, dan disposisi implementor. Metodologi penulisan jurnal ini menggunakan metode penulisan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, dan dikaji dengan pendekatan induktif. Teknik analisi data menggunakan  reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil magang riset terapan pemerintahan penulis, dapat diketahui Implementasi SAP berbasis akrual dalam penyusunan Laporan Keuangan  Pemerintah Daerah (LKPD)  Kota Bengkulu, khususnya oleh  BPKAD sudah berjalan sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundangan, namun masih perlu peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas sumber daya aparatur pengelolala anggaran pada setiap OPD Kota Bengkulu.
Social Isolation, Illness Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Corona Survivors
Authors: Shahid Shiza , Shahid Amina , Mahfooz Izza
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social isolation, illness anxiety and quality of life in corona survivors. This paper focuses on moderating role of illness anxiety on the relationship between social isolation and quality of life of COVID-19 survivors who faced this disease in past 6 months. The sample comprised of 110 survivors of COVID-19. Purposive sampling was used to assess the participants with the help of Google forms. Social isolation was measured by using Lubben Social Network Scale (Lubben et al., 2006), quality of life was measured by WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization, 1996), and to measure illness anxiety Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1959) was used. Correlational analysis revealed that social isolation had positive relationship with illness anxiety. Illness anxiety had negative relationship with physical health, psychological health environment and overall quality of life. Moreover, moderation analysis revealed that illness anxiety significantly moderated the relationship between social isolation and quality of life. This research attempted to explore the social isolation during lock down and illness anxiety corporate in low quality of life in COVID-19 pandemic. This study has variety of clinical implications as this research gave us insight into the role of social isolation and illness anxiety on quality of life especially in this pandemic so it will help psychologists to take measurements accordingly.
Examining Ease and Challenges in Tele-Assessment of Children Using Slosson Intelligence Test
Authors: Jaffar Rabia , Zehra Ali Amena
Published: January 2022

As the world came to terms with the longevity of the COVID-19 crisis, there came a mass migration towards tele-health services which included tele-assessments. Practitioners argued that delaying assessments would mean a delay in provision of services. Therefore wherever possible, assessment procedures were modified to cater to an online setting including assessment of cognitive abilities. With its many advantages tele-assessment brings many unpredictable challenges. In this study we tried to explore those by administering the Slosson Intelligence Test-third edition (Slosson, 2006) on a sample of 29 school going children ranging in age from 6 to 16 years old, via Zoom. Observations were divided into two categories, that is, logistical and practical. Results showed that technology improves accessibility of services and solves many logistical problems such as availability of testing venues, and makes communication easier. However, practicality was hindered as the testing environment was less controlled and factors such as internet disruptions, limitations in observations, and presence of other people and things in the household may adversely affect the scores. Moreover, virtual fatigue could be a factor that practitioners need to consider.
Psychological Well-being as a Predictor of Resilience Among University Students
Authors: . Amreen , Amber Malik Anila
Published: January 2022

The concept of psychological well-being and resilience shares common psychological features involved in positive human functioning. The theoretical dimensions of psychological well-being are deeply rooted in the philosophical approach to humanistic, existential, developmental, and clinical psychology. The present study was aimed to examine the predictable relationship of psychological well-being and resilience among undergraduate university students of Karachi. Secondly, it differentiates the functioning of male and female university students on the construct of psychological Well-being and resilience. The sample was comprised of 300 undergraduate students, purposively selected; with a mean age of 21.89 years belong to different universities of Karachi. The Scales of Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 1989) and The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003) were used as measures of this study. Findings indicated that psychological well-being was positive predictor of resilience. In the Scales of Psychological Well-being, the domain of autonomy and environmental mastery were the significant positive correlates of resilience. In addition, psychological well-being and resilience were found to be greater among female students as compared to male students. The findings of this study provide implications for positive education that enables students to robust their strengths and capabilities to increase their well-being and effective management of university life challenges.
Mediating Role of Locus of Control in Achievement Goals and Self Handicapping Strategies Among University Students
Authors: Saddiqua Maryam , Ismail Loona Mamoona
Published: January 2022

The present study aimed at finding the mediating effect of locus of control in the relationship between achievement goals and self handicapping strategies among university students. The sample consisted of 300 university students (150 females and 150 males) from public and private educational institutes of Islamabad. The sample was selected through convenient sampling technique. Self Handicapping Scale (Jones & Rhodewalt, 1982), Multidimensional Multi-Attribution Causality Scale (Lefcourt, Baeyer, Ware, & Cox, 1979), and Academic Goal Questionnaire (Elliot & Murayama, 2008) were used to explore the study variables. Meditational analysis was done using process macro. Results revealed the partial mediating role of external locus of control in the relationship between performance achievement goals and self handicapping strategies; while, internal locus of control partially mediated the relationship between mastery achievement goals and self handicapping strategies.
Validation of Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire Among High School Students in Afghanistan
Authors: Chakraborty Rajib , Haqyar Maruf , Chechi V. K.
Published: January 2022

The present study was an attempt to validate the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ; Pintrich & De Groot, 1990) for high school students of Afghanistan, with 81 items in Dari language. From different government and private high schools, 356 students (183 girls and 173 boys) participated in the study. SPSS Amos version 23 was used to confirm the psychometrics, using goodness of fit estimates from the data of 356 students. Out of the 15 subscales of the original MSLQ, six subscales that is Intrinsic Goal Orientation, Extrinsic Goal Orientation, Control of Learning Beliefs, Test anxiety, Effort regulation, and Help seeking got were not retained. Therefore, in the present context nine subscales of the MSLQ were found to be valid and reliable for assessing self-regulated learning strategies and using it on the children for planning educational interventions.
Association of School Engagement, Well-being, Resilience, and Growth Mindset Among Adolescents in High School
Authors: Iqbal Nazia , Hassan Bushra , Jadoon Sundas , Ehsen Neelam
Published: January 2022

The present study was designed to examine the relationship between school engagement and well-being through a sequential mediating role of growth mindset and resilience among adolescents. A sample of 350 adolescent students (male = 150) (females = 200) age ranged between 13-17 years participated from three main schools in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Results indicated that present study variables including growth mindset, resilience, school engagement, and well-being were found to have positive associations with each other. Moreover, the sequential mediation path analysis showed that resilience and growth mindset acted as significant mediators between school engagement and well-being among adolescents. Furthermore, gender differences were also calculated indicating that female students showed greater school engagement, higher levels of growth mindset, and psychological well-being in comparison to male students. Findings of the present study emphasized understanding the key positive role school environment could have in enhancing resilience and growth mindset among students resulting in their greater well-being.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Contributes to Drug Resistance of Lung Cancer Cells Through Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Cevatemre Buse , Ulukaya Engin , Dere Egemen , Dilege Sukru , Acilan Ceyda
Published: January 2022

Recently, there has been a growing interest on the role of mitochondria in metastatic cascade. Several reports have shown the preferential utilization of glycolytic pathway instead of mitochondrial respiration for energy production and the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) has been considered to be a contributor to this switch in some cancers. Since epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is proposed to be one of the significant mediators of metastasis, the molecular connections between cancer cell metabolism and EMT may reveal underlying mechanisms and improve our understanding on metastasis. In order to explore a potential role for PDH inhibition on EMT and associated drug resistance, we took both pharmacological and genetic approaches, and selectively inhibited or knocked down PDHA1 by using Cpi613 and shPDHA1, respectively. We found that both approaches triggered morphological changes and characteristics of EMT (increase in mesenchymal markers). This change was accompanied by enhanced wound healing and an increase in migration. Interestingly, cells were more resistant to many of the clinically used chemotherapeutics following PDH inhibition or PDHA1 knockdown. Furthermore, the TGFβRI (known as a major inducer of the EMT) inhibitor (SB-431542) together with the PDHi, was effective in reversing EMT. In conclusion, interfering with PDH induced EMT, and more importantly resulted in chemoresistance. Therefore, our study demonstrates the need for careful consideration of PDH-targeting approaches in cancer treatment.
Research Advances in the Roles of Circular RNAs in Pathophysiology and Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Yan-ping , Ye Sha-zhou , Li Ying-xue , Chen Jia-li , Zhang Yi-sheng
Published: January 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to different degrees of glucose tolerance abnormalities that occur during pregnancy or are discovered for the first time, which can have a serious impact on the mother and the offspring. The screening of GDM mainly relies on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–28 weeks of gestation. The early diagnosis and intervention of GDM can greatly improve adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, molecular markers for early prediction and diagnosis of GDM are currently lacking. Therefore, looking for GDM-specific early diagnostic markers has important clinical significance for the prevention and treatment of GDM and the management of subsequent maternal health. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a new type of non-coding RNA. Recent studies have found that circRNAs were involved in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, etc., and could be used as the molecular marker for early diagnosis. Our previous research showed that circRNAs are differentially expressed in serum of GDM pregnant women in the second and third trimester, placental tissues during cesarean delivery, and cord blood. However, the mechanism of circular RNA in GDM still remains unclear. This article focuses on related circRNAs involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, speculating on the possible role of circRNAs in the pathophysiology of GDM under the current research context, and has the potential to serve as early molecular markers for the diagnosis of GDM.
The Role of Bmp- and Fgf Signaling Modulating Mouse Proepicardium Cell Fate
Authors: Garcia-Padilla Carlos , Hernandez-Torres Francisco , Lozano-Velasco Estefania , Dueñas Angel , Muñoz-Gallardo Maria del Mar , Garcia-Valencia Isabel S. , Palencia-Vincent Lledó , Aranega Amelia , Franco Diego
Published: January 2022

Bmp and Fgf signaling are widely involved in multiple aspects of embryonic development. More recently non coding RNAs, such as microRNAs have also been reported to play essential roles during embryonic development. We have previously demonstrated that microRNAs, i.e., miR-130, play an essential role modulating Bmp and Fgf signaling during early stages of cardiomyogenesis. More recently, we have also demonstrated that microRNAs are capable of modulating cell fate decision during proepicardial/septum transversum (PE/ST) development, since over-expression of miR-23 blocked while miR-125, miR-146, miR-223 and miR-195 enhanced PE/ST-derived cardiomyogenesis, respectively. Importantly, regulation of these microRNAs is distinct modulated by Bmp2 and Fgf2 administration in chicken. In this study, we aim to dissect the functional role of Bmp and Fgf signaling during mouse PE/ST development, their implication regulating post-transcriptional modulators such as microRNAs and their impact on lineage determination. Mouse PE/ST explants and epicardial/endocardial cell cultures were distinctly administrated Bmp and Fgf family members. qPCR analyses of distinct microRNAs, cardiomyogenic, fibrogenic differentiation markers as well as key elements directly epithelial to mesenchymal transition were evaluated. Our data demonstrate that neither Bmp2/Bmp4 nor Fgf2/Fgf8 signaling is capable of inducing cardiomyogenesis, fibrogenesis or inducing EMT in mouse PE/ST explants, yet deregulation of several microRNAs is observed, in contrast to previous findings in chicken PE/ST. RNAseq analyses in mouse PE/ST and embryonic epicardium identified novel Bmp and Fgf family members that might be involved in such cell fate differences, however, their implication on EMT induction and cardiomyogenic and/or fibrogenic differentiation is limited. Thus our data support the notion of species-specific differences regulating PE/ST cardiomyogenic lineage commitment.
YAP/TAZ in Bone and Cartilage Biology
Authors: Zarka Mylène , Haÿ Eric , Cohen-Solal Martine
Published: January 2022

YAP and TAZ were initially described as the main regulators of organ growth during development and more recently implicated in bone biology. YAP and TAZ are regulated by mechanical and cytoskeletal cues that lead to the control of cell fate in response to the cellular microenvironment. The mechanical component represents a major signal for bone tissue adaptation and remodelling, so YAP/TAZ contributes significantly in bone and cartilage homeostasis. Recently, mice and cellular models have been developed to investigate the precise roles of YAP/TAZ in bone and cartilage cells, and which appear to be crucial. This review provides an overview of YAP/TAZ regulation and function, notably providing new insights into the role of YAP/TAZ in bone biology.
Case Report: A Rare Syncope Case Caused by Abernethy II and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Lin Xue-qin , Rao Jing-yi , Xiang Yi-fei , Zhang Li-wei , Cai Xiao-ling , Guo Yan-song , Lin Kai-yang
Published: January 2022

Background: Abernethy malformation is an extremely rare anomaly of the splanchnic venous system, and only 2 cases that manifested as syncope had been reported previously.

Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male had a 15-year history of jaundice and was in long-term use of hepatoprotective drugs. He was admitted for complaint of syncope. He underwent a series of examinations and cardiac ultrasound showed that his pulmonary artery pressure was elevated. Further imaging revealed the absence of intrahepatic portal veins. His blood ammonia was significantly increased. All signs and symptoms pointed to an Abernethy diagnosis. He was finally diagnosed as having Abernethy type II. He was discharged after 17 days of in-hospital treatment with sildenafil (50 mg/day) and ornithine aspartate (20 g/day).

Conclusion: We now report this rare case of syncope that is caused by Abernethy malformation. As a typically pediatric disease, it was not identified in this patient until adulthood due to long-term treatment for jaundice and liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, we present a review of portosystemic shunts previously reported in the literature.
α-Linolenic Acid and Risk of Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Jiandi , Qiu Min , Sun Lichang , Wen Jiangxiong , Liang Dong-liang , Zheng Sulin , Huang Yuli
Published: January 2022

Background: The α-linolenic acid is a plant origin n-3 fatty acid that may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of α-linolenic acid (ALA) on the risk of heart failure (HF) remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the role of ALA in the risk of incident HF.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies up to August 10, 2021. Studies were included for meta-analysis if the adjusted risk of HF in different dietary intake or circulating levels of ALA was reported. We used the random-effects model to calculate the estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI for higher ALA.

Results: A total of 6 studies (7 cohorts) comprising 135,270 participants were included for meta-analysis. After a median follow-up duration of 10 years, 5,905 cases of HF were recorded. No significant heterogeneity was observed among all the included studies. Random-effects model analyses showed that there was no significant association between ALA and the risk of incident HF, either assessed as quintiles (highest quintile vs. lowest quintile: HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.86–1.06) or per 1 SD increment (HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.95–1.01). Furthermore, we did not observe any association between ALA and the risk of HF in subgroup analyses performed according to age, sex, follow-up duration, and measuring method of ALA.

Conclusions: We found no association between ALA and the risk of incident HF, suggesting that ALA might not be effective in the prevention of HF.
Mitral Plasticity: The Way to Prevent the Burden of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation?
Authors: Vinciguerra Mattia , Romiti Silvia , Wretschko Eleonora , D'Abramo Mizar , Rose David , Miraldi Fabio , Greco Ernesto
Published: January 2022

The ischemic impairment of the left ventricular contractility, followed by an adverse remodeling leading to the displacement of the papillary muscles (PMs), increased tethering forces and loss of valve competence has been the long-term accepted definition of ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). Over the years, different approaches of management have attempted to address valve regurgitation, nevertheless failing to achieve satisfactory outcomes. Recent studies have observed some structural and molecular changes of the mitral valve (MV), challenging the concept of a bystander passive to the subvalvular involvement. Indeed, the solely mechanical stretch of the PMs, as in the dilated left ventricle because of the aortic valve regurgitation, is not enough in causing relevant MV regurgitation. This setting triggers a series of structural changes called “mitral plasticity,” leaflets increase in their size among others, ensuring an adequate systolic area closure. In contrast, the ischemic injury not only triggers the mechanical stretch on the subvalvular apparatus but is also a powerful promotor of profibrotic processes, with an upregulation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, leading to a MV with exuberant leaflet thickness and impaired mobility. In this article, we revise the concept of IMR, particularly focusing on the new evidence that supports dynamic changes in the MV apparatus, discussing the consequent clinical insights of “mitral plasticity” and the potential therapeutic implications.
Social, Systemic, Individual-Medical or Cultural? Questionnaire on the Concepts of Disability Among Teacher Education Students
Authors: Gebhardt Markus , Schurig Michael , Suggate Sebastian , Scheer David , Capovilla Dino
Published: January 2022

The individual-medical concept of disability, whereby disability is believed to be caused by some intractable impairment, is perhaps the most widely held view in society. However, other concepts exist with which teachers in inclusive schools should be familiar (e.g., social, systemic), to better inform teacher behavior, attitudes and understanding. We therefore developed an instrument to capture education students’ concepts of disability. We constructed the questionnaire according to four theoretical models of disability (individual-medical, social, systemic, and cultural concepts), which are commonly used in inclusive teacher education, and validated this on a sample of 775 education students. Additionally, we administered the Attitudes towards Inclusion Scale (AIS) and measured key demographic variables. The instruments, data and analysis code used are available online athttps://osf.io/dm4cs/. After dropping redundant items, a shortened form of the questionnaire contained 16 items, with satisfactory psychometric values for scales pertaining to four concepts of disability (CFI = 0.963, TLI = 0.955, RMSEA = 0.037, SRMR = 0.039). These four concepts of disability showed small correlations with the AIS, indicating that our questionnaire measured an independent construct. The more experience education students had with disability and the more courses they had attended on inclusive education, the more likely they were to agree with the social concept of disability. The questionnaire shows promise in measuring concepts of disability and might be used to stimulate students’ critical reflection during teacher education.
Supraclavicular Approach of Lobectomy Improves Quality of Life for Patients With Unilateral Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xue Shuai , Wang Qiuli , Chen Guang , Wang Peisong , Zhang Li
Published: January 2022

Objective

Postoperative neck symptoms, including pain, swelling, uncomfortable feelings during swallowing, and incision adhesion formation, are common in patients after lobectomy through the traditional middle neck approach. A new unilateral supraclavicular approach is proposed to protect the anterior cervical region and reduce related complications. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy, safety, and advantages of the supraclavicular approach in lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).

Methods

Two hundred sixty-three patients were recruited into either a conventional middle group (CM) or a new supraclavicular (NS) group. Clinicopathological features, surgically related variables, and postoperative symptoms were recorded. Quality of life (QOL) of all patients was assessed by the 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12) and thyroid cancer-specific QOL (THYCA-QoL) questionnaire in 3 and 12 months.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in clinicopathological features (including sex, age, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, histological variants, largest tumor diameter, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, metastasized central lymph node, removed central lymph node, surgeon, BRAF mutation, and follow-up duration), hospitalization (including hospital cost, surgery time, and blood loss during surgery), and complications between the two groups. Patients who underwent lobectomy through the NS approach had significantly better SF-12 physical, mental, and THYCA-QoL than the CM group patients in both 3 and 12 months (all p < 0.001). Moreover, the NS group had a shorter hospitalization time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the NS approach for lobectomy is a safe and effective method for reducing postoperative symptoms and increasing QOL in patients with unilateral PTMC in both 3 and 12 months’ follow-up.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Human Health Risk Levels for Various Land-Use Areas in Ulsan, South Korea
Authors: Roy Debananda , Jung Woosik , Kim Jayun , Lee Minjoo , Park Joonhong
Published: January 2022

Multiplicity and complexity in sources account for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and health risk levels in industrial zones. In the present study, cancer risks (CR) for soil-bound carcinogenic PAHs were estimated and compared for the first time in seven different land-use areas adjacent to an industrial zone (Ulsan) in Korea. The entire study area has been recognized as a “low CR” zone (10−6 < value < 10−4). Hence, all land-use areas were found to have significant (>10−6) CR levels, except for an area used to store ore and iron scraps. Estimated CR levels were highest in the railroad area (RA) and traffic area (TA), followed by those in the industrial area (IA). In addition, exposure through dermal absorption (61–70%) and ingestion (21–39%) were the most common factors for CR levels in the study area. Among all health parameters, exposure duration, body weight, and open skin surface area were distinguished as most sensitive to total CR levels. Moreover, among all carcinogenic PAHs, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were most sensitive to CR levels. Creosote, which was utilized in railroad ties in RA and vehicular exhaust emission in TA, was classified as a source of soil-bound carcinogenic PAHs. Therefore, CR levels resulting from transportation activities were found to be two to three times higher than those obtained from industrial processes. Transportation activities in urban areas mostly serve to provide rapid and comfortable carriage for commuters. However, these facilities were mostly responsible for potential carcinogen exposure. This study directly challenges the conventional perception that industrial zones are the most polluted areas, especially when compared to transportation zones in urban areas. These findings can help local and national governments to better manage resources and maintain an economic balance.
Improved Model for Predicting Total Dissolved Gas Generation With the Residence Time of the Water in the Stilling Phase
Authors: Peng Yiyun , Lin Yuqing , Zeng Chenjun , Zha Wei , Mao Feijian , Chen Qiuwen , Mo Kangle , Yao Siyang
Published: January 2022

Quantitative predictions of total dissolved gas (TDG) super-saturation are essential for developing operation schemes for high dams. Most TDG generation prediction models have various shortcomings that affect the accuracy of TDG super-saturation estimation, such as oversimplification of influencing factors and uncertainty in parameter values. In this study, the TDG generation process was divided into three parts, gas-liquid mass transfer process in the stilling phase, dilution resulting from the water jet plunging into the stilling phase, and outflow of TDG–super-saturated water from the stilling phase, while considering the water body and bubbles in the stilling phase as a whole. The residence time of the water in the stilling phase (Tr) was introduced to estimate mass transfer time, along with dimensional analysis methods. The properties of TDG generation were evaluated experimentally under varying Tr values. Based on the theoretical analysis and experimental results, a basic water renewal model was proposed and was validated using experimental data. Furthermore, prediction results of this model were compared with those of a classical empirical model and mechanical model based on observed data from a field survey at Xiluodu Dam. The results show that the relative errors between the predicted and experimental measurements were all less than 5%, indicating that the developed prediction model has a good performance. Compared with the mechanism model, the developed model could reduce the standard error (SE), normalized mean error (NME), and error of maximum (REMAX) by 60, 96, and 15%, respectively. Meanwhile, the developed model could reduce the SE, NME, REMAX by 17.4, 36, and 23%, respectively, compared with the empirical model. Considering all the error indexes, it can be concluded that the prediction performance of the water renewal model is the best among the three models. The proposed model was also more generically versatile than the existing models. Prediction results of water regeneration model for TDG could aid the drafting of governing strategies to minimize the risk of super-saturated TDG.
Comparative Secretome Analyses of Trichoderma/Arabidopsis Co-cultures Identify Proteins for Salt Stress, Plant Growth Promotion, and Root Colonization
Authors: Rouina Hamid , Tseng Yu-Heng , Nataraja Karaba N. , Uma Shaanker Ramanan , Krüger Thomas , Kniemeyer Olaf , Brakhage Axel , Oelmüller Ralf
Published: January 2022

Numerous Trichoderma strains are beneficial for plants, promote their growth, and confer stress tolerance. A recently described novel Trichoderma strain strongly promotes the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings on media with 50 mM NaCl, while 150 mM NaCl strongly stimulated root colonization and induced salt-stress tolerance in the host without growth promotion. To understand the dynamics of plant-fungus interaction, we examined the secretome from both sides and revealed a substantial change under different salt regimes, and during co-cultivation. Stress-related proteins, such as a fungal cysteine-rich Kp4 domain-containing protein which inhibits plant cell growth, fungal WSC- and CFEM-domain-containing proteins, the plant calreticulin, and cell-wall modifying enzymes, disappear when the two symbionts are co-cultured under high salt concentrations. In contrast, the number of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases increases, which indicates that the fungus degrades more plant lignocellulose under salt stress and its lifestyle becomes more saprophytic. Several plant proteins involved in plant and fungal cell wall modifications and root colonization are only found in the co-cultures under salt stress, while the number of plant antioxidant proteins decreased. We identified symbiosis- and salt concentration-specific proteins for both partners. The Arabidopsis PYK10 and a fungal prenylcysteine lyase are only found in the co-culture which promoted plant growth. The comparative analysis of the secretomes supports antioxidant enzyme assays and suggests that both partners profit from the interaction under salt stress but have to invest more in balancing the symbiosis. We discuss the role of the identified stage- and symbiosis-specific fungal and plant proteins for salt stress, and conditions promoting root colonization and plant growth.