bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water of Some Cities within Anbar Province, Iraq
Authors: Jalal Arkan Dhari , Alboresha Rafid , Ramal Majeed Mattar
Published: September 2022

A fluoride atom (F) has a negatively-charged ion called a fluoride ion. The element fluoride can also be found in a compound called fluoride. Many countries with high rates of dental fluorosis naturally contain high levels of fluoride in their minerals and water supplies. The fluoride ion concentrations were determined by collecting drinking water samples twice a month from (July/2020 - to June/2021) from 4 main cities in Anbar Province in Iraq, during the rainy and dry seasons. The fluoride concentrations were then analyzed and compared with standard guides of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective of this study is to evaluate the fluoride concentrations in Ramadi, Fallujah, Khalidiyah, and Heet cities. The results showed small variations ranging from (0.041 mg/l) to (0.051 mg/l) when these results are compared with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and World Health Organization (WHO) standard limitations. the recommended standard limitations of (EPA) and (WHO) for fluoride concentration range from (0.4 - to 1.5) mg/l, therefore the drinking water of these cities is comfortable to drink, but it may cause some problems, such as dental caries, dental fluorosis, colorless teeth yellowish, and blackish teeth. The results are also less than the typical concentration limitations, which, is (0.7 mg/l). To avoid the danger of poisoning, adding fluoride to water is not recommended unless it has been recommended by a professional in the food system or a dentist. However, humans can also get fluoride from sources other than water, and the quantity of fluoride they consume is different from one person to another.
An Effect of Blending Ratio on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of the Sawdust-Cocoa Pod Briquettes
Authors: Waluyo Joko , Susastriawan Anak Agung P. , Purwanto Agung
Published: September 2022

The present work aims to utilize wastes of sawdust and cocoa pod as the raw materials of low pressure densified briquettes and to investigate an effect of blending ratio on mechanical and thermal properties of the briquettes. The weight ratio between sawdust and cocoa pod are 3:1 (SD75CP25), 1:1 (SD50CP50), and 1:3 (SD25CP75). The compaction process is performed at room temperature and under low compacting pressure of 0.1 MPa. The quality of the briquettes is evaluated in terms of their mechanical properties (relaxed density, stable density, water resistance index, and compressive strength), and their thermal properties (higher heating values). The results indicate that waste of sawdust and cocoa pod have the potential as the raw material of low pressure densified sawdust-cocoa pod briquettes. Based on the stable density and the higher heating value, the SD50CP50 briquette has the best properties in the present work. The stable density and the higher heating value of the SD50CP50 briquette are 452.74 kg/m3 and 16.34 MJ/kg, respectively. The values are comparable to the values of other densified briquettes obtained by other researchers.
Utilization of Gypsum-Containing and Organic Waste with the Production of Organo-Mineral Fertilizers
Authors: Pendyurin E.A. , Voropaev V.S. , Nikulicheva T.B. , Nikulin I.S. , Alfimova N.I.
Published: September 2022

Studies have been carried out on the development and testing of organomineral fertilizers using Black Lion fly larvae and glauconite clay as components of citrogypsum, zoocompost. The effectiveness of fertilizer was evaluated on the example of tomatoes, by studying the survival rate of seedlings and yield indicators. It is proved that the use of waste from various industries to obtain organomineral fertilizers will not only contribute to the development of the agricultural complex, but will also free up areas for the development of urban or agricultural territories, as well as reduce the negative impact on the environmental situation in the area of storage facilities.
Know-how to Reduce the Toxicity of Gasoline-polluted Soil Using Peat and Peat Gel: Bench Tests
Authors: Olkova A.S.
Published: September 2022

Advantages of using peat gel in comparison with untreated peat to reduce the toxicity of soils contaminated with oil products were shown. Biotesting has shown that using 5 % peat gel on a dry basis produces the same effect as 50 % pure peat. It is concluded that soil and environmental protection technologies based on soil treatment with peat gel are characterized by low consumption of biosorbent and effective reduction of toxicity.
Are Economic Sanctions a Barrier to Trade in Environmental Goods? The International Evidence
Authors: Ha Tran Manh , Thang Doan Ngoc
Published: September 2022

The purpose of economic sanctions is to isolate a sanctioned country and harm its economy to force its government to adjust course, policies, and actions. To resist sanctions, a sanctioned country needs to adopt a variety of survivalist and unsustainable policies that undermine the economic challenge of sanctions at the expense of lowering priority to the environmental sector and the production of environmental goods (EGs). Due to the shortage of EGs in the sanctioned nations, we hypothesize that economic sanctions are a potential driver of trade in EGs. To assess the empirical merits of our theoretical claims, we used panel data with 5,297 pairs of 88 countries for the years spanning 1996 to 2019, inclusive. While economic sanctions take various forms, EGs refer to environmental goods and services that are manufactured, consumed, and disposed of without causing unintended environmental impacts. We used the Combined List of Environmental Goods (CLEG) to define the EGs. Our empirical results indicate that imposition of economic sanctions hinders trade in EGs. We also found clear evidence that the effect becomes more pronounced for the use of trade and financial sanctions and when the economic sanction is put on low-income countries.
Insurance Literacy, Risk Knowledge Management, Risk-Taking Propensity and Economic Sustainability among SMEs: The Moderating Effect of Financial Inclusion
Authors: Garba Murtala , Salleh Fauzilah , Hafiz Usman Ahmed , Bakar Nor Mazlina Abu
Published: September 2022

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are known worldwide as tools for economic growth and development as they lead to job creation, improved living standards, sustainable development and poverty eradication. However, complicated risks in production, operation, management, and risk-based decision-making in business has troubled the sector. This study examines the moderating effect of financial inclusion on the relationship between insurance literacy, risk knowledge management, risk-taking propensity and economic sustainability of Nigerian SMEs. Data was collected from 370 SMEs registered with the Small and Medium-scale Enterprise Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) using self-administered questionnaires. The study employs structural equation modelling (SEM) using AMOS 26.0 software for analysis. The study used multi-group analysis to determine the group in which the effect of moderation is more pronounced. The SEM produced a variety of findings; the path coefficients in the model and the results of the hypothesis testing show that insurance literacy (IL) significantly affects economic sustainability (ES). Also, the path coefficient between risk knowledge management (RKM) and economic sustainability shows a positive and significant relation, indicating that risk management (RM) has a significant positive impact on ES. Finally, the results show that risk-taking propensity (RTP) significantly affects ES. The results of the moderation also revealed that financial inclusion moderates the relationship between IL, RM, RTP and ES. However, the multi-group analysis shows that the effect is more pronounced in the ABC group than the NABC group.
On the nature of heavy metals in particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) and their health impact assessment for a desert city in Iran, Birjand
Authors: Esform Adeleh , Hassanvand Mohammad Sadegh , Naghizadeh Ali , Amirabadizadeh Alireza , Lashkari Sajad
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for health. This study aimed to assess heavy metals in Particulate Matter (PM10 , PM2.5) and their health impact assessment for a desert city in Iran, Birjand.
Materials and methods: In this study, the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were measured from September 2019 to March 2020. Measurements were performed once every six days for 24 h using high-volume samplers. Moreover, health-related effects attributed to the suspended particles were estimated using the AirQ2.2.3.
Results: Mean and standard deviation of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 97.5±38.7 μg/m3 and 36.3±19.1 μg/m3, respectively. The mean metal concentrations in PM2.5 were in the Co>Cd>Ce>V order, while the metal concentrations in PM10 were in the Cd>As>Ce>V order. The lowest and highest number of deaths attributed to PM2.5 per 100,000 persons were related to ischemic heart disease (1.73) and chronic respiratory disease (18.35). The highest number of deaths attributed to PM10 per 100,000 persons was related to chronic bronchitis in adults (35.74).
Conclusion: This study revealed that particle-based air pollution negatively affects health as caused by heavy metals, whereas further research is required to determine the effects of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols on human health. Monitoring the elemental composition of atmospheric particles can contribute to better air quality management.
Influence of high-efficiency particulate air filtration on indoor air fungal contamination in a hospital in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Ketabi Damon , Yazdani Mohsen , Sajjadi Seyed Ali , Joulaei Fatemeh
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Poor hospital Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) may result in various occupational hazards, hospital-acquired infections, and sick hospital syndrome. Air-control measures are vital to reduce airborne biological particle dissemination in hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters in decreasing indoor fungal pollution in an organ transplantation hospital in Mashhad.
Materials and methods: In this work, 96 specimens were collected from the air of three operating rooms and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward. Sampling was performed using National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH-0800) instructions in two stages before and after using HEPA filters. Fungal density was reported based on the number of colonies per m3 (CFU/m3).
Results: According to the results before using HEPA filters, the colony frequency of Aspergillus was 50%, which was the highest among the detected fungi. Penicillium with a frequency of 23% was followed by Aspergillus. After using HEPA filters, the frequency of Aspergillus and Penicillium decreased by 40% and 6% to 10% and 17%, respectively. The mean concentrations of fungi in all three operating rooms and ICU before use and after using HEPA filters were 9.52 and 3.11 (CFU/m3), respectively indicating a reduction of about 67%, which is statistically significant (P≤ 0.005).
Conclusion: Hence, using these filters is recommended considering the good performance and high efficiency of HEPA filters in reducing fungal contamination and its consequences.
Razvoj spletnih rešitev na osnovi ogrodja Angular z uporabo mikro čelnih zaledij
Authors: Granda Alen , Strajnšak Matic
Published: September 2022

V današnjih časih so moderne spletne rešitve vedno bolj kompleksne. Posledično jih monolitno usmerjena arhitektura ne more več obvladovati, razvoj postane težaven, vzdrževanje pa nevzdržno. Prispevek predstavlja arhitekturni pristop mikro čelnih zaledij, ki rešuje opisano težavo. Pristop prinaša obetavne ugodnosti napram monolitni arhitekturi. Kljub temu se moramo vprašati, ali je naša aplikacija primerna za izbiro mikro čelnega zaledja. Ob nepravilni izbiri lahko koncept pripelje več negativnih posledic kot pozitivnih. Zato je v prispevku izpostavljeno, v katerih primerih je uporaba omenjene arhitekture primerna in opišemo njene pozitivne ter negativne lastnosti. Nato so opisane implementacijske podrobnosti v spletnem ogrodju Angular ter je predstavljen primer uporabe v praksi. Dodani so še koristni napotki ter možne izboljšave predstavljenega demonstracijskega primera v spletnem ogrodju Angular. Nazadnje smo izpostavili funkcionalnost samostojnih komponent spletnega ogrodja Angular, katerih namen je nadomestiti datoteke nalaganja modulov. Opisali smo razlike napram trenutni uporabi datotek nalaganja modulov ter prikazali primer izvedbe v praksi.
Dodajanje poljubnih funkcionalnosti digitalni kripto denarnici MetaMask
Authors: Keršič Vid , Vrečko Andraž , Vidovič Urban , Domajnko Martin , Turkanović Muhamed
Published: September 2022

Kripto denarnice omogočajo interakcijo z verigami blokov (angl. blockchain) in decentraliziranimi aplikacijami (angl. decentralized application, dApp), ter posledično upravljanje z zamenljivi ali nezamenljivimi žetoni (angl. NFT), interakcijo z navideznimi svetovi (angl. metaverse) itn. Danes je vsekakor najpriljubljenejša denarnica MetaMask. Ker se funkcionalnosti in možnosti uporabe tehnologije veriženja blokov zelo hitro povečujejo, so razvijalci denarnice MetaMask leta 2022 izdali razvojni sistem imenovan Snaps. Ta omogoča razvoj in integracijo poljubnih funkcionalnosti v obliki vtičnikov za kripto denarnico MetaMask. V prispevku bomo predstavili kako lahko na osnovi sistema Snaps snujemo poljubno funkcionalnost h kripto denarnici MetaMask ter le to temu primerno razvijemo in integriramo. Za namen demonstracije bomo predstavili implementacijo razširitev, ki MetaMask denarnici doda podporo decentraliziranim identitetam in identifikatorjem (angl. decentralized identifier, DID) ter preverljivim poverilnicam (angl. verifiable credential, VC), ki so do sedaj za uporabo potrebovali ločeno rešitev.
Razvoj večplatformne aplikacije za prikaz naprav pametnega doma
Authors: Mevlja Sebastjan
Published: September 2022

Danes aplikacije uporabljamo na različnih napravah in na različne načine. Praviloma so avtohtone aplikacije hitrejše, ponujajo več funkcionalnosti ter omogočajo boljšo uporabniško izkušnjo. Slabost teh aplikacij je, da jih je potrebno razviti za vsako platformo posebej, kar je pogosto drago in zahtevno. Telekom Slovenije, d. d., razvija avtohtone aplikacije za upravljanje NEO pametnega doma za vsako platformo posebej. Zanimalo nas je, ali bi lahko več aplikacij nadomestili z eno večplatformno aplikacijo. Naredili smo primerjavo večplatformnih ogrodij in za razvoj aplikacije izbrali ogrodje Flutter. Izdelali smo večplatformno aplikacijo za upravljanje NEO pametnega doma, ki omogoča pregled povezanih naprav. Aplikacija podpira Android in iOS mobilni platformi ter spletne brskalnike. Postavili smo tudi avtomatiziran proces testiranja in gradnje aplikacije z uporabo platforme Github Actions.
Strojno učenje za boljše javne storitve: zgodnja identifikacija iztokov iz omrežja pitne vode
Authors: Karakatič Sašo , Pečnik Špela , Vrbančič Grega , Kukovec Rok , Levstek Matej , Erker Aleš , Podgorelec Vili
Published: September 2022

Pitna voda je redek in dragocen vir, zato je ustrezno upravljanje tega vira bistveno za družbeni in gospodarski razvoj vsake države ali regije, saj je čista pitna voda uporabljena v vseh ključnih sektorjih gospodarstva, kot so kmetijstvo, industrija, energetika in promet. Pametne naprave so spremenile skoraj vse vidike našega življenja – in tudi pri upravljanju vodovodnega omrežja ni nič drugače. Moderni vodovodni sistemi so že opremljeni z napravami za sprotno beleženje pretokov skozi posamezne odseke vodovodnega omrežja. Prav tako so pogosti tudi sistemi, ki informacije o pretokih v obliki nadzornih sistemov prikazujejo v realnem času in s tem omogočajo spremljanje celotnega omrežja v vsakem trenutku. Še vedno pa za odkrivanje nepravilnosti v vodovodnem omrežju skrbijo bodisi človeški kontrolorji, ali pa primitivni sistemi na osnovi pravil. Pri človeških kontrolorjih je problem, da sta njihova čas in pozornost omejena. Prav tako pa je kontrolorja veščega identifikacije iztokov potrebno dodobra izobraziti. Obstoječi avtomatski sistemi pa so preveč primitivni, da bi zaznali kaj več kot nenadne ogromne iztoke – manjši iztoki, ki na dolgi rok naredijo veliko škode, pa ostanejo neodkriti. V tem članku je predstavljen sistem za zgodnje odkrivanje iztokov, ki temelji na tehnikah napredne analize podatkov in strojnem učenju. Sistem, ki bo opisan temelji na različnih tehnikah, kot so gručenje podobnih odsekov omrežnega sistema ter napoved pričakovane porabe vode določenega področja glede na letni čas in porabo v ostalih podobnih odsekih. Prvi rezultati kažejo, da je sistem zelo koristno orodje, ki kontrolorjem pomaga pri identifikaciji iztokov, ter te samodejno išče tudi v času, ko človeški kontrolorji niso na delovnem mestu.
Rośnijcie i rozmnażajcie się. Przekład i opracowanie tekstu Anita Staroń
Authors: Darien Georges
Published: September 2022

Tłumaczenia z języka oryginału dokonała: Anita Staroń – dr hab., Uniwersytet Łódzki, Wydział Filologiczny, Instytut Romanistyki, ul. Pomorska 171/173, 90-235, Łódź; e-mail: anitastaron@wp.pl
Trzewiki. Scena sądowa oparta na noweli Luciena Descaves’a. 1903. Przełożyła i opracowała Joanna Raźny
Authors: Descaves Lucien , Vergught René
Published: September 2022

Tłumaczenia z języka oryginału dokonała: Joanna Raźny – dr, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Wydział Filologiczny, Instytut Romanistyki, Instytut Filologii Polskiej, Katedra Literatury Pozytywizmu i Młodej Polski, ul. Pomorska 171/173, 90-235, Łódź; e-mail: jsrazny@wp.pl
Szlakiem „Promienistych” – o budowaniu mitu okupacyjnej Łodzi w czasach PRL. Studium z lokalnej polityki pamięci
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej
Published: September 2022

Władza ludowa, tuż po zakończeniu II wojny światowej musiała przekazywać spójne informacje na temat początków podziemia komunistycznego w okupowanej Polsce, co było o tyle trudne, że organizacje, których waleczną opowieść miała owa władza opiewać, powstały dopiero w połowie wojny (Polską Partię Robotniczą zawiązano w styczniu 1942 roku, zaś Związek Walki Młodych w 1943 r.). Należało wobec tego „wchłonąć” w obręb opowieści o „bohaterskich czynach ludzi lewicy komunistycznej” historię konspirujących grupek, których profil ideowy definiowano jako prokomunistyczny. Jedną z takich organizacji miał być właśnie działający w Łodzi Związek „Promienistych”. Autor niniejszej pracy stara się w niej prześledzić budowę mitu okupacyjnej Łodzi w czasach PRL na bazie relacji członków „Promienistych”.
Periodismo y marcas. La presencia de publicidad encubierta en el relato periodístico especializado en moda. Caso: Cosas Moda 2019
Authors:   , Yriarte Galindo Daniela del Carmen
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación de carácter cualitativo aborda como idea central la presencia de la publicidad en el discurso periodístico de moda de las piezas informativas de la revista Cosas Moda. Se ha desarrollado un análisis de contenido sobre este caso en específico  relacionado a la problemática del mecanismo de publicidad encubierta. El contexto de la presencia de las marcas en las revistas especializadas en moda ha favorecido a la aparición de un fenómeno como la publicidad encubierta en el periodismo de moda a través de recursos como la hibridación del discurso y el brand placement. Esta situación se hace evidente en este tipo de publicaciones, a través de géneros periodísticos como el reportaje, la nota informativa y la entrevista, que tratan temas sobre moda, pero incorporan en su relato inclinaciones preferentes y valorativas por alguna marca y/o organización.
Características del discurso satírico en la construcción de la imagen pública y privada del expresidente Alejandro Toledo Manrique en el programa cómico “El especial del humor”
Authors:   , Requejo Vega Lorely
Published: September 2022

La presente tesis tiene como tema la identificación de las características del discurso satírico en la construcción de la imagen del expresidente Alejandro Toledo Manrique en los sketches presentados en el programa humorístico “El especial del humor”. El objetivo general es analizar los elementos que componen este discurso satírico a partir de la identificación de recursos verbales y no verbales que integraron la narrativa de la puesta en escena. Para tal fin, el método seguido fue el análisis de contenido de los sketches, los cuales fueron publicados vía páginas de YouTube que realizaron una recopilación de los mismos. La selección de las grabaciones respondió a los diferentes escenarios donde Toledo Manrique participó como político y ciudadano común –por ejemplo, en espacios privados como su habitación o un paseo familiar–. Ya en la puesta escena, y para la identificación de los distintos elementos que se incluyeron en la misma, se consideró clave la mención de la caracterización de los personajes, así como las palabras que formaron parte de un lenguaje vulgar e inapropiado, el cual fue expresado por el actor que dio vida a la figura del expresidente. Tras procesar estos componentes de análisis, el principal hallazgo de esta investigación es que elementos como la ridiculización y exageración, que son parte de un discurso satírico, se mezclan con expresiones discriminatorias que podrían desvirtuar el fin reflexivo de la sátira.
Dampak Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan Terhadap Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional di Indonesia [The Impact of Lost of Job Security Program on National Social Security System in Indonesia]
Authors: Mahendrasusila Fernandi
Published: September 2022

Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, in its considerations, was drafted to increase the protection and welfare of workers/laborers by expanding social security and assistance programs which beneficial to all workers/laborers and their families. The expansion program itself, which so-called Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan, intended to maintain a decent living standard when workers/laborers lose their jobs. The said program that combines unemployment benefit norms in ILO Convention No. 102 of 1952 and Labor Market Policy in ILO Convention No. 168 of 1988 are regulated through Peraturan Pemerintah No. 37 Tahun 2021 about Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan. Even though it is new and still needs to prove its effectiveness, its presence has impacted changes to the national social security system. The changes indicate and must be believed as the efforts of all related parties to improve the current national social security system. The research method is juridical empiric, using a comparative approach sourced from primary data through interviews with competent parties and secondary data in the form of both primary and secondary legal materials.

 

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja dalam konsiderannya disusun dengan tujuan meningkatkan perlindungan dan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh dengan melakukan perluasan program jaminan dan bantuan sosial yang manfaatnya dapat dirasakan oleh semua pekerja/buruh dan keluarganya. Bentuk perluasan program jaminan sosial dalam UU Cipta Kerja adalah yang disebut dengan program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan yang ditujukan untuk mempertahankan derajat kehidupan yang layak pada saat pekerja/buruh kehilangan pekerjaan. Program yang mengkombinasikan norma-norma tunjangan pengangguran dalam Konvensi ILO No. 102 Tahun 1952 dan Kebijakan Pasar Tenaga Kerja dalam Konvensi ILO No. 168 Tahun 1988 ini diatur melalui Peraturan Pemerintah No. 37 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan yang meskipun masih baru dan masih harus dibuktikan efektivitasnya namun kehadirannya telah memberikan dampak perubahan terhadap penyelenggaraan sistem jaminan sosial nasional. Perubahan yang menjadi indikasi dan harus diyakini sebagai upaya berbagai pihak terkait untuk terus memperbaiki sistem jaminan sosial nasional yang sudah ada saat ini. Metode penelitian adalah yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan komparatif yang bersumber dari data primer melalui wawancara dengan pihak-pihak yang berkompeten dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder.
Penerapan Pidana Penjara Sebagai Upaya Terakhir Bagi Anak yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum: Telaah Pembentukan RUU Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak [Implementation of Imprisonment as Last Resort for Children Who are in Conflict with the Law: Study of the Establishing the Law of Juvenile Justice System]
Authors: Saputra Trias
Published: September 2022

This study aims to review and discuss the mechanism for imposing penalties/criminals for children who are in conflict with the law as regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System. In the law there are changes to the provisions for imposing penalties/criminals for children. Imprisonment is placed at the last order in this provision, different from the regulations regulated in the previous law. This study will also discuss the process of forming the SPPA Law in the political-legal aspect which examines the minutes of the formation of legislations and the academic text of the law. The method used in this research is juridical-normative by using secondary data or library data (library research) with the approach to legislation (statute approach) through evaluation techniques.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas dan membahas mekanisme penerapan penjatuhan hukuman/pidana bagi anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Dalam undang-undang tersebut terdapat perubahan ketentuan penjatuhan hukuman/pidana bagi anak. Penjatuhan pidana penjara ditempatkan pada urutan terakhir dalam ketentuan ini, berbeda dengan pengaturan yang diatur dalam undang-undang sebelumnya. Penelitian ini juga akan membahas terkait proses pembentukan Undang-Undang SPPA dalam aspek politik hukum yang menelaah risalah pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangannya serta naskah akademik UU tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah yuridis-normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder atau data kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) melalui teknik evaluasi.
Experience with the emergency vascular repair of upper limb arterial transection with concurrent acute compartment syndrome: two case reports
Authors: Maduba Charles Chidiebele , Nnadozie Ugochukwu Uzodimma , Modekwe Victor Ifeanyichukwu
Published: September 2022

Upper extremity vascular injuries occurring with acute compartment syndrome are very challenging to manage in an emergency context in resource-poor settings. The need to always recognize the likelihood of coexisting compartment syndrome guides surgeons to perform concomitant fasciotomy to ensure a better outcome. We managed three vascular injuries in the upper extremities in two patients with concomitant imminent compartment syndrome observed intraoperatively. The first injury was complete brachial artery disruption following blunt trauma, while the second and third injuries were radial and ulnar artery transection caused by sharp glass cuts. Both patients were treated with vascular repair and fasciotomy. Secondary wound coverage was applied with split-thickness skin grafting, and the outcomes were satisfactory. Concomitant fasciotomy potentially improves the outcomes of vascular repair in emergency vascular surgery and should be considered for all injuries with the potential for acute compartment syndrome.
Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Experiences of Learning Caring Using a Variety of Learning Didactics
Authors: Mårtensson Sophie Kjerstin , Knutsson Susanne , Hodges Eric A. , Sherwood Gwen , Broström Anders , Björk Maria
Published: September 2022

This study examines undergraduate nursing students’ experiences of participating in a Caring Behavior Course using various learning didactics. Twenty-five students participated in one of five focus group interviews with data analyzed according to qualitative content analysis. The main theme to emerge, an insightful and sudden awakening that caring is not only theoretical words, was further explained with three themes and nine subthemes. The Caring Behavior Course demonstrates effective learning didactics to develop awareness of values that influence caring behaviors and can contribute to patient well-being, particularly relevant for the care challenges in the time of COVID-19 and beyond.
Penta Cara: An Artistic and Reflective Representation of Human Caring Theory
Authors: Dean Patrick J.
Published: September 2022

Creative symbols of caring have been incorporated for decades into the fabric of the International Association for Human Caring. Dr. Patrick Dean, Past President of the organization, appreciated the work of internationally recognized artist Gloria Tew, whose works frequently express the concept of caring. He commissioned a sculpture representing human caring. Tew’s Penta Cara sculpture was first shared at the 2017 conference in Edmonton, Canada. The art mirrors Fibonacci Sequence’s units of measurement. The symbolism of Penta Cara represents fundamental concepts of caring, including self-care, other-care, relationship-care, global-care, and cosmic-care.
Functional reconstruction of lower extremity nerve injuries
Authors: Qiu Cecil S. , Hanwright Philip J. , Khavanin Nima , Tuffaha Sami H.
Published: September 2022

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) in the lower extremity are an uncommon but highly morbid condition. Recent advances in our understanding of nerve physiology and microsurgical techniques have inspired renewed faith in nerve surgery and sparked a creative renaissance in the tools, approaches, and reconstructive schemas available to surgeons in the management of lower extremity PNIs. In this article, we review the literature and provide a principles-based approach for the surgical management of lower extremity PNIs with an emphasis on techniques for functional reconstruction after complete nerve injury. General principles in management include early diagnosis with electrodiagnostics and imaging, early surgical exploration, and opting for nerve and tendon transfers when primary reconstruction of the injured nerve is unfavorable (e.g., delayed reconstruction, unavailability of proximal or distal nerve stumps, or long regenerative distance). The goal of functional reconstruction should be to restore independent gait, so understanding the roles of major neuromuscular units during the gait cycle informs the selection of donor nerves and tendons for transfer. Based on these principles and literature to date, specific algorithms for surgical management are presented for femoral, sciatic, tibial, and common peroneal nerves. We recognize limitations of the current literature, namely the predominance of case series evidence, and call for the accrual of more patient data in surgical management of PNIs.
Mechanisms of neratinib resistance in HER2-mutant metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Eli Lisa D. , Kavuri Shyam M.
Published: September 2022

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a major drug target and clinical biomarker in breast cancer treatment. Targeting HER2 gene amplification is one of the greatest successes in oncology, resulting in the use of a wide array of HER2-directed agents in the clinic. The discovery of HER2-activating mutations as novel therapeutic targets in breast and other cancers marked a significant advance in the field, which led to the metastatic breast and other solid tumor trials MutHER (NCT01670877), SUMMIT (NCT01953926), and one arm of plasmaMATCH (NCT03182634). These trials reported initial clinical benefit followed by eventual relapse ascribed to either primary or acquired resistance. These resistance mechanisms are mediated by additional secondary genomic alterations within HER2 itself and via hyperactivation of oncogenic signaling within the downstream signaling axis.
Advanced fault-tolerant visual multi-secret sharing scheme
Authors: Juan Justie Su-Tzu , Lin Jen-Yu , Huang Bo-Yuan , Chung Yu-Chun
Published: September 2022

Aim: In visual cryptography, a secret image is encrypted into two meaningless random images called shares. These two shares can be stacked to recover the secret image without any calculations. However, because of the alignment problem in the decryption phase, risk of poor quality of the restored image exists. Encrypting multiple secrets on two images simultaneously can improve execution efficiency. Methods: Let 7 × 7 pixels be a unit; this paper designs a codebook for any unit in the secret images by using a random grid. Besides, this paper shows a general shifting approach that can embed N (≥ 2) secret images simultaneously with adjustable distortion. Results: This paper provides a visual multi-secret sharing scheme without pixel expansion; the proposed scheme can encrypt more than two secret images into two shares simultaneously. During decoding, aligning the shares precisely is not necessary. Conclusion: Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed scheme.
ANTI FUZZY SUBSEMIRING
Authors: Abdurrahman Saman , Hira Cendikia , Hanifah Arif Alya
Published: September 2022

When the first operation’s inverse axiom is deleted from the ring,  an algebraic structure, the semiring, is generated. Subsemiring is one of the subjects covered in semiring. The concepts of fuzzy subsemiring, anti subsemiring fuzzy semiring, and complement are introduced in this paper. In addition, the anti-subsemiring fuzzy semiring, a wedge, or a combination of two or more fuzzy anti-subsemiring associated with a non-empty subset of the semiring whose membership criteria are defined by the membership value of the zero elements will be discussed.
Pemanfaatan Arang Aktif Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Teraktivasi H3PO4 untuk Penurunan Kadar Besi (Fe), Mangan (Mn) dan Kondisi pH pada Air Asam Tambang
Authors: Najmia Hanna , Mahreda Emmy Sri , Mahyudin Rizqi Putri , Kissinger Kissinger
Published: September 2022

Acid mine drainage is water containing dissolved metals such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and other sulfate compounds. It causes various impacts such as environmental pollution, reducing soil fertility, disrupting the health of surrounding communities, and causes the corrosion of mining equipment. The adsorption method is used to reduce the concentration of heavy metals from liquid waste. Activated carbon of palm shell can be used as a heavy metal adsorbent in acid mine drainage. The research aims to determine the utilization of activated palm shell activated H3PO4for decreased levels of Fe, Mn and pH conditions in acid mine drainage. The research methods consist of carbonation process, activation, activated carbon characteristic test, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test, activated carbon adsorption test of palm shell to Fe, Mn and pH condition in acid mine drainage. It used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with one factor. The data analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan test. The result showed that activated carbon of palm shell activated H3PO4  meets the quality of active carbon characteristics in accordance with SNI 06-3730-95, the active carbon of palm shells with H3PO4 activation has a significant effect on changes in the condition of heavy metals Fe and Mn, also the pH of acid mine drainage. The result showed that the most effective H3PO4 activated carbon dose variation on the Fe parameter is 30g, the Mn parameter is 20g and the pH is 30g.
UJI NITRIT PADA AIR LINDI DI TEMPAT PEMPROSESAN AKHIR (TPA) SAMPAH CAHAYA KENCANA KABUPATEN BANJAR MENGGUNAKAN KOLORIMETER PORTABEL
Authors: Febriandana Indra , Mahreda Emmy Sri , Kissinger Kissinger , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: September 2022

Leachate monitoring required done periodically to know effectiveness of landfill management. Nitrite levels was one of pollution indicator parameter. Nitrite test using test kit method offers simplicity and concise testing time. This reasearch is propose to determine method validity of nitrite testing with portable colorimeter all at once measuring nitrite on landfill leachate and to construct technical strategies for decrease nitrite content on it. The reasearch be located at Cahaya Kencana landfill in Banjar Districts. Method validity of nitrite testing determined based on calibration curve linierity, aquracy, precision, and method comparation. Nitrite levels on landfill leachate are measuring on check point SP-1, SP-2, SP-3, and SP-4. Technical strategy to decrease nitrite levels arranged uses descriptive method and field survey. Method validity of nitrite test using portable colorimeter on landfill leachate sample declared valid based on determination of calibration curve linierity with correlation coefficient (r) 0,997; aquracy test obtained Recovery (R)  95%;  precision test obtained Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) 6,33%; and comparation of testing among method use independent t-test obtained Sig. (2-tailed, α 95%) value 0,968. Nitrite levels as result of measuring on leachate at Cahaya Kencana landfill in Banjar Districts shows that sample on SP-1 check point has exceed quality standard while SP-2, SP-3, dan SP-4 spot are belowed. Technical strategy that recommended are recirculation of leachate to landfill areas, aeration optimalization with added aerator to facultative pond, replace bacterial home with honeycomb biofilter media, and also apply fitoremediation at wetland pond in a way to grow Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) plant that could lowered organic pollutant matters.
KETERSEDIAAN INPUT DARI LINGKUNGAN PADA AGROBISNIS BUDIDAYA IKAN TOMAN DALAM KARAMBA DI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA
Authors: Febrianty Irma , Mustika Rina
Published: September 2022

The availability of inputs is very decisive in the sustainability of the Toman fish farming business in karamba where the availability of the necessary inputs must be available continuously, both investment and operational. The problem faced by cultivators is the lack of seed availability for cultivation and the difficulty of obtaining fish feed in the form of small fish and small shrimp. This study used a survey method at a purposive research location in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. Results of the study: 1. The availability of inputs and infrastructure for toman fish cultivation in karamba, was fulfilled from HSU Regency in South Kalimantan Province and East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. 2. Supporting facilities for Toman fish cultivation in karamba that can be accessed by Toman fish cultivators are counseling on the technicalities of toman fish cultivation by the government and higher education institutions (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Affairs, ULM), as well as seed assistance from the government.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP INTENSITAS KERUSAKAN DAUN DAN HASIL PANEN PADA TANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Warsito Joko , Soedijo Samharinto , Adriani Dewi E.
Published: September 2022

Penelitian jarak tanam dan penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC) terhadap intensitas kerusakan hama daun dan hasil panen pada tanaman pakcoy telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis intensitas kerusakan hama daun dan hasil panen pada tanaman pakcoy yang diberikan perlakuan jarak tanam dan POC. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode percobaan (eksperimen), yang dilakukan di lapangan, dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi pupuk organik cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas serangan hama pada umur 16 HST yang paling besar ditunjukkan pada perlakuan jarak tanam 15 x 20 cm dan konsentrasi POC 30.000 ppm yaitu sebesar 8,80% dan intensitas serangan hama pada umur 22 HST yang paling besar ditunjukkan pada perlakuan jarak tanam 10 x 20 cm dan konsentrasi 60.000 ppm yaitu sebesar 8,02%.
ANALISIS PREDIKSI KEJADIAN LUAR BIASA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rahmiati Rahmiati , Hayatie Lisda , Khalfi Muhammad Lazuardi , Aulia Ismi , Sufiani H.
Published: September 2022

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a case that often affects areas in Indonesia and is seasonal. Geographical information system (GIS) is a tool that can be used to help analyze the condition of an area against disease to determine what action should be taken as an early warning. Information on the distribution of disease in an area can be mapped spatially, in the cities of Banjarmasin with different conditions, especially from the distribution of the population, the distance to road access and other components. This study aims (a) to build spatial data containing the attributes of dengue fever sufferers for Banjarmasin City; (b) distributed of epidemiological cases of dengue fever map in Banjarmasin based on population density, distance of housing to roads, rainfall, larvae free rate, number of cases, topography, land use, distance of settlements to water sources. Meanwhile, in the database modeling, it is described in a spatial analysis and categorization of high, medium and low events. This study used the spatial database information that has been built showing changes number of dengue cases. The number of cases dengue fever in Banjarmasin City at 2018-2019 has always increased every year in the East Banjarmasin area, close to Banjar Regency, decline in North Banjarmasin, the residual is dynamic and has not decreased significantly. The pattern of the occurrence dengue cases in Banjarmasin is clustered from the ANN (Average Nearest Neighbor), so that the surrounding area is vulnerable to an outbreak. The distribution of DHF sufferers based on age is dominated by the age group 6-18 years, the lowest is the 25-53 years old group with gender of the patient was dominated by male. Banjarmasin area with high vulnerability in almost all areas based on environmental variables, demographics and incidence rates as determinants of high and low prediction modeling.
TINGKAT PENGHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT DI LAHAN BERGAMBUT DESA JEJANGKIT TIMUR KECAMATAN JEJANGKIT KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Putro Herry Porda Nugroho , Arisanty Deasy , Anis Mohamad Zaenal Arifin
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the research is to identify the livelihoods of the people in the peatland area and to identify the factors that influence the livelihoods of the people in the peatland area. The method in this research is quantitative, the data used in the study is primary data, namely from insights and questionnaires and secondary data in the form of documents. Collecting data using survey methods and questionnaires. The number of respondents as many as 87 household heads divided into 9 RTs, then analyzed by classifying index values and factor testing using SPSS, from the results of the factor test obtained information about the factors that most influence the livelihoods of people on peatlands. The results showed that there were differences in the level of livelihood, namely low, medium and high. The level of livelihood in Jejangkit Village is classified as moderate based on its index value. There are 2 dominant factors that influence, namely the main factor (social assets, human resources and activities) and financial asset factors.
EVALUASI MUTU SABUN PADAT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN VARIASI EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Ningrum Dini Kusuma , Wiyono Andi Eko , Amilia Winda
Published: September 2022

The extract of tobacco leaves can also be used as a natural addition in making a hard soap. Hard soap from tobacco extracts produced must comply with the quality requirements specified by Indonesian National Standard (abbreviated SNI-3532: 2016). The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of solid soap preparations with the addition of variations in the ethanol extract of tobacco. The method used is a laboratory experimental method using descriptive analysis. The concentration of tobacco extract used was 0 g, 1.2 g, 2.4 g, and 4.8 g. A testing parameter is used including water content, total fat, ethanol-insoluble, alkaline free, chloride content, and non-soapy fat as well. The result of study indicates that a hard soap containing of water content range between 13,45% to 14,37, total fat range between 65,88% to 66,63%, ethanol-insoluble range between 3,97% to 4,31%, alkaline free range between 0,056% to 0,0584%, chloride content range between 0,61% to 0,87% and non-soapy fat range between 0,3% to 0,36%. The results of the study for solid soap obtained is in accordance with Indonesian National Standards so that this kind of soap is safe for use by the public.
KORELASI ANTARA RADIASI MATAHARI DAN INTENSITAS PENYAKIT BUSUK PELEPAH PADA TANAMAN PADI DI LAHAN RAWA KECAMATAN JEJANGKIT KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Rismawina Eka , Salamiah Salamiah , Adriani Dewi Erika
Published: September 2022

Sheath rot disease can affect the development of panicles so that it might reduce rice production and productivity. Nevertheless, the disease has not been widely discussed as a rice plant disease in South Kalimantan, thus it is necessary to conduct research on sheath rot disease related to the microclimate, in this case solar radiation as a part of the environmental factors for rice cultivation. The method used in this study was the quantitative survey on the ULM Action Research Program area, that is observation on samples and populations in the research area.  Data were collected using the purposive sampling method,  by using research instruments, namely three large plots measuring 140 m2 (10 m x 14 m) in 1 ha of land planted with rice. Each plot was divided into 15 subplots.  Intensity data of sheath rot disease were taken from 5 samples in each subplot.  The number of sample units taken in this study was 5 samples x 45 subplot = 225 samples.  The weather station telemetry for measuring solar radiation (Wm-2) was installed at the altitude of 60 cm and 120 cm from the plant canopy.  The highest disease intensity of sheath rot on stems was 0.45% and sheath rot on panicles was 12.72%.  Solar radiation at the altitude of 120 cm has an effect to the intensity of sheath rot disease in panicle; that is, each increase of one unit of solar radiation (Wm-2) will reduce the intensity of sheath rot disease in panicles by 2.651%.
KAJIAN KESESUAIAN BUDIDAYA LAUT KARAMBA JARING APUNG PERAIRAN GUGUSAN PULAU LAUT KEPULAUAN KABUPATEN KOTABARU
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Baharuddin Baharuddin
Published: September 2022

The research has been carried out in the waters of the Pulau Laut Islands cluster, located in the southern part of the Pulau Laut Island, Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The conduct of the study was to determine the level of cages culture suitability for mariculture of marine fish and the direction of the development of grouper Mariculture, based on the hydrodynamics of oceanography and physical chemistry parameters of waters. The waters suitability was determined based on the hydrodynamic parameter assessment and overlays of the physical chemistry quality requirements of the waters. Analysis was carried out using Arc View software. The results obtained a total area of the marine island waters is ± 13,906.70 hectare, the area of the waters that are very suitable (S1) is 484.17 hectares, adequate waters (S2) obtained an area of 985.96 hectare, conditional waters area (S3) 985.96 hectare and not suitable waters (N) is 11827.09 hectares. Mariculture development directions by considering limiting factors parameters during the west season from waves, currents and winds, it is recommended that in grouper Mariculture 74.18 ha of waters. It consists of 23.17 hectare of waters in the Tepian Mataja Strait and 51.02 hectare in the Karajaan Strait.