bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recognizing readiness in manufacturing firms
Authors: WALTERS Andrew T. , TESO Giulia
Published: January 2020

This article presents a framework for manufacturers to assess their readiness for taking a service design approach to the development of product-service systems (PSS). The framework is developed from the results of interviews with three manufacturing firms that have begun the servitization journey. The selected companies have traditionally been involved in goods production, and have recently started engaging with services in different ways. The readiness framework attempts to bridge the previous studies and models offering companies a self-assessment tool based on the service implementation readiness measured along nine dimensions that apply to manufacturing firms to adopt a more customer-centric approach that fits into their company and suits their needs.
Objects of Design
Authors: YEE Joyce , AFTAB Mersha
Published: January 2020

Design and social innovation is a developing field of study. The current lack of critical analysis of initiatives and the dominance of insights and methods from European cases in academic literature are not sufficient to construct an image that could be considered as comprehensive. This paper aims to address both issues by introducing Activity Theory as an analytical framework, as its ability to examine phenomena in their native context through multiple perspectives is considered to be well-suited to study design and social innovation initiatives. The analysis of data obtained during a field study investigating three social initiatives in Bangkok contributed to understanding how they work and why they exist, in addition to highlighting the influence of the Thai social and cultural context on the role of design in the social innovation process.
Building Design-led Ambidexterity in Big Companies
Authors: DE LILLE Christine , STOIMENOVA Niya
Published: January 2020

Organisational ambidexterity is considered a crucial capability for long term firm survival and development. However, adopting and successfully implementing it presents multiple challenges. Furthermore, despite being increasingly popular in the last two decades, the role design can play in achieving it is notably missing from the discussion. This paper analyses the attempts to accelerate the innovation pace of two large international companies in the consumer electronics and healthcare and airline industries. Both attempt to combine design and agile elements in fast-paced environments, while working in multidisciplinary teams early in the NPD process. However, one is guided by designers, the other by people with a background in operational functions. As such, they provide a good foundation to study design’s role and its implications in achieving ambidexterity in two large international companies. The collected insights helped us to define a new form of ambidexterity and devise a model for building ambidextrous organisations through design.
The shaping of dissonance in craft-based innovation
Authors: HOLMQUIST Anna , MAGNUSSON Mats , LIVHOLTS Mona
Published: January 2020

Novelty and value are two key features of any type of innovation and have consequently received much emphasis in design and innovation studies. Lately, the predominant unilateral emphasis on novelty has been questioned in an emerging literature stream focusing on the role of tradition in innovation, and recent research has shown that a potential way of creating value is to use a combination of novel and traditional components, resulting in what is suggested as design innovation dissonance. Drawing on research through design, this paper develops the writing of production novellas from the design of three different design innovation processes, the deliberate use of tensions between novelty and tradition in material, form, manufacturing process, context, and history is described and analysed, in order to unveil explicit steps of the design process.
Why Chinese Industrial Designers Oppose Vocational Qualification Certification?
Authors: JIANG Yingying , LIU Xiaojian , SUN Yan
Published: January 2020

The Chinese government implemented the Industrial Designers’ Vocational Qualification (IDVQ) system since 2010 and has been formally implemented in two provinces. However, the execution of the IDVQ system has been opposed by many industrial designers. Three surveys were carried out in regard to the approval rating and usefulness of the IDVQ, in addition to concrete reasons for opposition. Analysis was carried out on the survey data and the reasons for opposition on the basis of several principles in behavioral economics and social psychology including loss aversion, causal schema, availability heuristic, subjective probability and the misjudgment of representativeness, and fairness. Some of the conclusions were further validated through surveys. It was discovered that subjectivity and emotional factors contributed tremendously to many industrial designers’ opposition to the IDVQ. On the basis of analysis and in combination with successful experience in the vocational systems of the United Kingdom and other countries, the following four suggestions were offered: building an environment of trust, increasing the probability of opportunities, uniting service objects, and cooperating on curricula education. These suggestions are expected to facilitate the implementation of the IDVQ and play a positive role in improving China’s vocational market of industrial design.
Section 6.b Introduction
Authors: NAM Ki-Young , BORJA DE MOZOTA Brigitte , WOLFF Fabiane
Published: January 2020

Our complex present environment calls for new talents and skills of contemporary managers such as creativity, critical thinking attitude, agile and open innovation, focus on engagement and empowerment. The recent buzz of “Design Thinking” used in management as a creative tool is a good example of the interest being pertinent for leaders and decision makers.

Understanding designerly ways of thinking becomes more and more strategic for leadership. And, design managers have to adapt to this new context of the increased importance of Designers skills in Management Science.

In this track, we discuss topics on:

Understanding how companies learn and absorb design management knowledge through design experience within and beyond the corporate design function;

Exploring the influence of design management knowledge on how companies manages design and technological questions;

Providing evidence of the pertinence of adopting a “user oriented design process” for design management learning in order to fit the needs of different users and evidence for user-centred approach to DM knowledge learning from different stakeholder groups’ viewpoints, including social design and social inclusion.
Editorial
Authors: HOLM Lisbeth Svengren , DE BONT Cees , BOHEMIA Erik
Published: January 2020

Altogether, 295 authors have submitted: 140 full papers and 31 workshop proposals. These numbers indicate that a single authored research is no longer the norm. The intersection which stems from collaboration amongst researchers to undertake and disseminate research is now becoming the established practice within the design innovation research.

The 19 conference tracks, for which the papers were submitted, were organised within 7 overarching themes. The track facilitators ultimately shaped the overall conference scope and direction. The tracks’ topics acted as the focal points for the overall Call for Papers. Thus, our thanks you go to all the 69 tracks’ facilitators. It was them who collectively were responsible for the conference programme and we would like to thank them for their valuable services on the International Scientific Programme Committee.

We would like to also thank the over 150 expert reviewers who provided their valuable time to provide critical peer feedback. Their service on the International Board of Reviewers was invaluable as the good quality peer reviews provided a vital contribution to this international conference. Each reviewer scored papers on a scale of 0 to 10 and provided critical review comments.

Most papers were reviewed by two people, though some had three or even four reviewers, and in a very small number of cases only one review was submitted. Total number of submitted full papers was 140. After the blind peer review process 66 papers (47%) were accepted and 49 (35%) papers were provisionally accepted as these needed major revisions, and 25 (19%) papers were rejected.

In making the final decisions about papers, the Review Committee first looked at all papers where the difference of opinion between reviewers was 4 points or greater and moderated the scores if necessary. The Review Committee then discussed all papers that were just under the general level of acceptance to determine outcomes, before finally looking at any exceptions.

At the end of the review process 103 (73%) paper submissions were accepted for presentations of which 95 (68%) were included in the proceedings and 38 (27%) papers were rejected. Seven accepted papers were presented at the conference as research in progress and they were not included in the proceedings.
On the Service Design of the Restaurant Queuing System in the Business Circle
Authors: JANG Wansok , JI Hao
Published: January 2020

With the rapid development of China’s economy, people's living standards have stepped on their way of continuous improvement, and the number of dinning out also increases continuously. Therefore, the restaurant-queuing problem in commercial circle has become a specific social phenomenon. The paper aims at studying restaurant queuing system of commercial circle from the perspective of service design to figure out the problems in current restaurant queuing system, complaints and demands from users through conducted research and contextual inquiry, and collect statistics for studying user’s experience and analysing system function and affordability so as to draw the service blueprint of queuing system in commercial circle. Furthermore, suggestions on solution of various problems in restaurant queuing will be provided in order to better arrange business space, restaurant resources and users’ time.
Managing Design IP in the UK
Authors: HILLNER Matthias
Published: January 2020

This paper discusses the value of design rights using the example of UK's most high-profile case of design right litigation: Trunki, a ride-on travel case for children. Rob Law MBE invented Trunki in 1996. He registered it as a design in 2002 in the UK, and in 2003 with the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM), now EUIPO. The design has since been emulated by competitors in countries across the globe. Law's company Magmatic Ltd successfully challenged most imitators, until one succeeded in defending their rights on a product that was ‘inspired by Trunki’: PMS International and their so-called Kiddee case in 2012. This paper discusses lessons that can be learned from the case. Magmatic Ltd successfully defended their unregistered design right, but not their registered design right - Why? How do different forms of IP compare? How does a lengthy court process affect the running of a small design firm? How can IP legislation be enhanced to foster innovation more effectively?
How is brand experience designed in practice?
Authors: CALABRETTA Giulia , BAKKER-WU Sijia , HULTINK Erik Jan
Published: January 2020

Brand experience is an important concept in marketing because it can affect brand loyalty, brand recall, and brand attitude. Brand experience design is therefore an important practice for companies to create favourable and meaningful experiences, through the design of various touchpoints that are in line with the brand values. This paper presents a multiple-case study of brand experience design in practice. Our results suggest similarities and differences between product design and brand experience design processes. Furthermore, we suggest that reciprocal influences may exist between the brand and touchpoint design. We also provide insights for managers and designers to not only use logical reasoning but also other capabilities to design for brand experiences. Finally, we identified the limitations of our study and interesting areas for future research.
To Create More Vivid Experience
Authors: XIU CHUAN He
Published: January 2020

This article focuses on the study of display design, with respect to its information generation and dissemination from the perspective of its audience experience. It takes as an example the information generation and dissemination by display designs in urban planning halls and analyzes them in three respects: attractiveness, intelligibility, and adequacy of information generation. It then develops the information experience–building strategy based on the emotional elements, judgment elements, and compound elements that constitute the experience. The study aims to form a feasible path to improving the audience experience of urban planning halls effectively, in terms of the provision of information, in order to enhance the attractiveness of its display design and make the public more willing to go to urban planning halls.
Industrial Evaluation of a Toolkit of Methods for Engineering Knowledge Management of Simulations
Authors: MARAHRENS Nils , SCHWEIGERT Sebastian , CARRO SAAVEDRA Cristina , LINDEMANN Udo
Published: January 2020

Simulations offer the potential of improving product and development process quality. However, a lack of overview of existing simulation methods and of documentation may make it difficult to apply them efficiently along the entire development process. To tackle this problem, a knowledge-based framework was developed to enhance simulation knowledge management, give an overview over all possible simulations, and provide means to standardize simulation processes for experts. This paper presents the first industrial evaluation of the framework concept by two workshops. The results exhibit a wide interest in the knowledge-based framework in industry and demonstrate aspects for further industrial application. Critical points particularly include an intuitive user interface and the integration into the specific IT environment of a company, which will be the next steps for evaluating the system in industrial conditions.
A Conceptual Framework of Dynamic Design Management Capability
Authors: LIU Sylvia Xihui
Published: January 2020

In the past decade, academic researchers and industrial practitioners developed various methods to set up a frame linking “good design” to “good business”. In most cases, their interest lay in the industrial economy and focused on the manufacturing industry. In the knowledge economy, dynamic capability is the new feature a firm should prepare for the new age. Design management capability is assigned new meaning in the emerged context. It’s time to develop a new framework of design management capability to reflect the dynamic nature of the knowledge economy. The relationships between design management capability, design awareness, business performance and design organization were explored in depth in previous studies. This is the time to integrate them into a holistic framework, to illustrate the relationships with explicit definitions of input, output and capability building. Through reviewing the previous studies and the emerged topic of dynamic characteristics in the knowledge economy, a conceptual framework is proposed here as a basis for further study.
The Smart Art Market Products from the Contemporary Art World
Authors: LIN Pang-Soong , FU Jia
Published: January 2020

The power of the Smart Art Market product has become the vehicles between art and mass consumption of communication. Furthermore,

it has across national boundaries and cultural regions that took part in the consumption and public opinion actively. In this trend, typical exhibitions is bridging to an economic model, and Smart Art Market presents a new logic of trade and valuation, ensuring fair access, distribution and acquisition for widely types of art collector. Indeed, this contemporary art exhibition attracts large audiences all the time, such crowed visitors entering the art zone places as the Museum of contemporary art, cultural and creative industrial park, a commercial gallery to visit and establish tourist consume.

It breaks the last form of art. On the other hand, Smart Art Market product expand the value systems from the contemporary art world. Within the exhibition program, symbolic meaning from the original work has been discussed and explored.
Interdisciplinary View on Design Education
Authors: WANG Xueying
Published: January 2020

With rapid change of the connotation and denotation of discipline development, design is infiltrating deeply into the human society and transforming extensively our design education. However, in order to produce more significant influence to the real world, design is seeking new knowledge and practice at the junctions of different disciplines, which forces us to rethink the cross-culture and cross-discipline directions of disciplines.

With crossing and integration of interdisciplinary knowledge, the paper further analyzes the “knowledge” of design education and then constructs the organic combination of “five-access tendency” of design education—technology access, management access, sustainability access, business thinking access and design innovation access that conform to an interdisciplinary perspective. It is expected to break the barrier among the disciplines of technology, design, economy, environment and sociology. The aim is to create a brand new interdisciplinary open mode of teaching and enhance the quality of modern design education.
Design Policy Driven Development of Chinese Industry
Authors: HU Fei , ZHOU Kun , ZHOU Hongshi
Published: January 2020

Governments all over the world are paying great attention to economic innovation and the development of design in modern society. They are spending more and more recourses on making rules for Industrial Design Policy and measuring its implementation. As a method to make macroeconomic regulation and control by the government, the effectiveness and importance of design policy has already been widely admitted. In a macro-background of the three turns of Chinese design policy, taking the design policy of Guangdong province as an example, this article will analyze how local/regional government should respond to the national design policy. Based on the investigation and analysis of the winners of the "Guangdong Governor Cup Industrial Design Competition", this paper discusses how industrial design competition as a part of the design policy to support the development of industrial design. After making a comparison with the design policy of the Yangtze River Delta area, this article tries to enhance and perfect the current policy path.
Mapping coupled open innovation processes from Activity Theory framework
Authors: BOHEMIA Erik , CANIK Yasemin , TELALBASIC Ida
Published: January 2020

Organisations have started to adopt open innovation processes to supplement their internal competencies and resources. Adoption of these processes assist them in keeping up with the pace of technology and protecting their competitive advantage in the market. Despite the significance of open innovation processes, there are few studies focusing on them. The purpose of this study is mapping coupled open innovation processes to contribute to the field of open innovation. The case study research was set up to explore how organisations undertake coupled open innovation processes from the perspective of employees working in a small-medium sized enterprise. The Activity Theory was used as a research framework. The research findings revealed how the importing and exporting mechanisms of coupled processes. The findings are discussed to fill the knowledge gaps in the existing literature and help design management academia and practice identify future work areas.
The what, how and who of social service design
Authors: VAN DER BIJL-BROUWER Mieke
Published: January 2020

Services are an important type of intervention used to address complex societal problems such as chronic health problems and climate change. Social services are defined as services that have a social purpose, and are based on high-quality social interactions between service deliverer and service consumer. This paper shows through three case studies what we are designing, how we design, and who designs when designing social services. The case studies show that while some are focused on the interface between service deliverer and consumer, an important type of intervention is a ‘social infrastructure’, which is a structured way of bringing service deliverers together to incrementally redesign their own service. Practices that support the design of social services include: developing a deep understanding of the needs of both service consumers and service deliverers, using design expertise to frame complex problems, and playing an active role in prototyping and implementing the intervention.
The evolution of the Strategic role of Designers for Sustainable Development
Authors: BALDASSARRE Brian , CALABRETTA Giulia , BOCKEN Nancy , DIEHL Jan Carel , KESKIN Duygu
Published: January 2020

Design for Sustainable Development refers to the application of a design process to solve a problem related to sustainability, such as creating a pair of shoes that can be recycled or managing waste collection in a large city. Since the origins of this concept in the 1960s, Design for Sustainable Development has been evolving, gradually broadening its scope over time from the design of products to the design of services, business models and wider ecosystems. In this evolution, designers have come closer and closer to business problems, thus becoming more strategic. In this paper, we explore this evolution from a business perspective. We visualize it into a framework and interview eight academic experts about the Strategic role of Designers for Sustainable Development. We find that the evolution can be framed around five topics: the strategic goal of designers, and their related perspective, language, key activities and main challenge. After discussing how the evolution took place around each topic, we draw implications for designers and managers who are willing to play an active role in the transition towards sustainable development.
Design capabilities for the evolution of value creation
Authors: MORELLI Nicola , DE GÖTZEN Amalia , SIMEONE Luca
Published: January 2020

The process of value creation cannot be an exclusive preserve of designers, but it is rather the result of a diffuse problem solving capability. The creation of new value is also connected to the concept of innovation and can happen in different logical contexts, from limited and confined contexts (niches) to consolidated structures (regimes) and to wider sociotechnical contexts (landscapes). In all those contexts, design can have a different role and whoever designs should use different capabilities and tools. Furthermore, design capabilities can also be useful when aligning value creation and change in different levels, thus contributing to understand the relationships between small scale interactions and wider scale transformation of sociotechnical landscapes. This paper proposes a framework to understand the contribution of design to the value creation process at the three levels, focusing on design capabilities and tools to work across different logical contexts.
Reframing Healthcare
Authors: ROWE Aidana , KNOX Michelle
Published: January 2020

Healthcare systems are faced with increasingly complex demands: ageing populations, chronic diseases, growing drug ineffectiveness, and access to comprehensive services are just a few of the challenges we face. Design offers methods, practices and processes to help address these rising complications. While design and health have a long history of working together, much of this work has been limited. In this paper, we make the case for further opportunities for design and health to work together in deep, innovative and human ways. We begin by discussing the transformative space of design, then we articulate the similarities between design and healthcare. We then present two health design research projects that employ design methods and processes within healthcare settings, exploring new opportunities for design and health to collaborate. We conclude by summarizing the benefits and challenges of these projects, articulating future possibilities for design and healthcare to collaborate.
Recommendations for participatory design in low-resource settings
Authors: CORSINI Lucia , ARANDA-JAN Clara B. , Cassi Henderson , MOULTRIE James
Published: January 2020

Participatory design is a widely recognised approach in Design for Development projects. It supports collaborative, community-based practices and it empowers users to take ownership. Despite the importance of participatory design in solving global challenges, the majority of research has focused its application in the Global North. Recently, some studies have explored participatory design methods in more low-resource settings. Still there is a gap between the existence of these methods, and designers being able to use them successfully because of the complex realities they face in low-resource settings. Existing knowledge is fragmented and there is a lack of best practice guidance for practitioners using participatory design in low-resource settings. We address this problem by reporting the experiences of Simprints, a technology company based in the UK, providing biometric identification solutions in the Global South. Our study reveals key recommendations for participatory design in low-resource settings, providing useful insights for practitioners and design researchers.
Developing design literacy for social agency
Authors: LEHTONEN Miikka J. , CHEW JiaYing
Published: January 2020

Preparing a workforce that is well-equipped with the skills and knowledge to navigate the complexities of our global human society is a key responsibility of design and higher education. Extant research has advocated design as one of the essential skills to master in the future, and this design literacy has been claimed to be a critical factor in creating innovations and new solutions towards transforming our societies. To explore how non-designers become more design literate, in this paper we present findings from a study looking at how multidisciplinary student teams develop their design literacy in an action-oriented course setting. Based on our initial analysis, blending the boundaries between universities and the surrounding society positively contributes towards developing design literacy. This, in turn, has pedagogical implications as well as increases our understanding on how design travels to other disciplinary domains.
Designing for Older Adults' Life Storytelling through a Tangible Interactive Device
Authors: LI Cun , HU Jun , HENGEVELD Bart , HUMMELS Caroline
Published: January 2020

There appears to be a mismatch between current interactive media and intergenerational storytelling, which leads to the elderly are often viewed as passive consumers, rather than active creators of story content. In this paper, we present our study aiming to facilitate storytelling of older adults living in the care facilities with their children, driven by the research questions: RQ1: What life stories would the older adults like to share? And RQ2: How to facilitate older adults to tell stories with their children? A research prototype named Slots-story was designed, which integrated functions of memory cue generator, story recording, and preservation. In the field study, eight pairs of participants (each pair consisting of an elderly adult and his/her child) were recruited to use the prototype for around ten days. Semi-structured interviews were conducted both with the elderly and their children. Stories collected were transcribed, and thematic analysis was conducted, which formed the foundation of the insights on the research questions.
Towards the exploration of Gender awareness in Human-centred design
Authors: MORRIS Richard , KHAYAMIAN ESFAHANI Bahar , ERICKSON Mark
Published: January 2020

The primary aim of the human-centred design (HCD) approach is to identify the user needs. However, we argue that there is a lack of understanding of, and even awareness of, gender in HCD. This approach sees gender as static and stable regarding male or female such that the implication of principles in products, systems or services appeals to one gender or another linking gender differences, and stereotypes. To illustrate this, the investigation was conducted in the context of fostering sun protection behaviour in young men. Participatory design sessions were deployed to investigate the role of gender in the HCD and how it can be used to foster sun protection behaviour. We have concluded with the development of a novel gender aware HCD approach which opens avenues for design research and practice for increasing emphasis on the influence of the designer’s own gender and their gendered perceptions in their designs.
Design for Meaning of Smart Connected Products
Authors: VITALI Ilaria , ARQUILLA Venanzio , RIFINO Innocenzo
Published: January 2020

This paper tackles the topic of meaning-driven innovation from a Product Design perspective. It focuses on the design of Smart Connected Products: internet-enabled phygital products that blend hardware and software. This category of products represents a positive field of exploration for meaning-driven innovation. The paper highlights three kinds of meaning that are relevant for Smart Connected Products:  the meaningful identity of the object as product category, the meaning of the product in relation to its shape and functionality, and in relation to a phygital ecosystem. The paper reflects on the methods that can support designers in the development of meaningful smart products and presents the “Mapping the IoT” Toolkit, a downloadable tool that guides in specific activities aimed at framing the product’s meaning. Tests with the Toolkit proved the effectiveness of using cards with critical questions as a way to deepen design concepts and reach a common, meaningful vision.
Learning about materiality through tinkering with Micro:bits
Authors: DIGRANES Ingvild , HOEM Jon Øivind , STENERSEN Arnhild Liene
Published: January 2020

This paper discusses two pilot projects in Art and design education at the teacher training at Western Norway University of Applied Sciences. In the second round of drafts for the new curriculum of Art and design digital knowledge is described as stretching from using simple digital resources to master and shape your own digital products. It is no longer limited to two dimensional visual modelling as previously drafted. This is in our view a new approach in a subject where making, tinkering and designing allows for explorations in both 2D and 3D. Given that we want to encourage the use of the digital together with the use of physical materials, the pilot case studies demonstrate the importance of bringing coding and the material aspects of tinkering, making, and creating into play. The BBC Micro:bit was used to make coding and mechanical control part of projects made with traditional material. Further research and development should be undertaken to bring such practices into classrooms in primary and lower secondary schools.
Communicating the Value of Design
Authors: TORRENS George Edward , JOHNSON Nicholas Samuel , STORER Ian
Published: January 2020

Product packaging design is often produced through the practical application of tacit knowledge, rule of thumb and professional connoisseurship. Stakeholders are becoming increasingly demanding that design practitioners provide clarity of reasoning and accountability for their design proposals. Therefore, a better framework for the design of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) is required. This paper proposes a comprehensive taxonomy of ‘design considerations’ to assist the development of low involvement FMCG packaging and aid in rationale communication for design solutions. 302 academic sources were reviewed, inductive content analysis performed to code topics and output validation with academic and industry experts (n=9) through a modified-Delphi card sorting method. The research provides movement towards a comprehensive framework and common dialogue between stakeholders, practitioners and managers to assist in more effectively communicating the value that design can offer to FMCGs. The constructed taxonomy provides a set of 156 ‘design considerations’ to support in objective and informed design decision-making.
Design, power and colonisation: decolonial and anti-oppressive explorations on three approaches for Design for Sustainability
Authors: TORRETTA Nicholas B. , REITSMA Lizette
Published: January 2020

Our contemporary world is organized in a modern/colonial structure. As people, professions and practices engage in cross-country Design for Sustainability (DfS), projects have the potential of sustaining or changing modern/colonial power structures. In such project relations, good intentions in working for sustainability do not directly result in liberation from modern/colonial power structures. In this paper we introduce three approaches in DfS that deal with power relations. Using a Freirean (1970) decolonial perspective, we analyse these approaches to see how they can inform DfS towards being decolonial and anti-oppressive. We conclude that steering DfS to become decolonial or colonizing is a relational issue based on the interplay between the designers’ position in the modern/colonial structure, the design approach chosen, the place and the people involved in DfS. Hence, a continuous critical reflexive practice is needed in order to prevent DfS from becoming yet another colonial tool.
Systemic Design for Policy Foresight
Authors: FERRULLI Eliana , GIRALDO NOHRA Carolina , BARBERO Silvia
Published: January 2020

In the last 15 years, tackling wicked problems have evolved into a process that requires multiple change-makers able to face with complexity. At the same time, it has generated an increasing interest and proficient relation among foresight and design, due to their shared interest in anticipation and future orientation.  Such relationships are visible on similarities they both have on the mindset and methodology used when approaching future scenarios. This paper aims to delve into a better comprehension on how the combination of Systemic Design and foresight can think both creatively and systematically about the future and have a strategic role in a policy-making process. This example of collaborative foresight is illustrated by RETRACE Interreg Europe project (A Systemic Approach for Transition towards a Circular Economy funded by the Interreg Europe), demonstrating how Systemic Design with a foresight vision can play a leverage effect in the transition of the European regions towards Circular Economy in a long-term horizon.
Engaging Senior Adults with Technology for Behavior Change
Authors: VALK Carlijn , LOVEI Peter , CHUANG Ya-Liang , LU Yuan , PU Pearl , VISSER Thomas
Published: January 2020

Amidst today’s ever-expanding waistlines there is a clear need to investigate technology’s potential to support behavior change and stimulate increased physical activity. Physical activity has also been shown to increase the independence and well-being of older adults, yet an important segment of this community is often excluded from the necessary in-context research due to the barriers they face to technology acceptance. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how to overcome these barriers to participation. We created a specific Product Service System that supports older adults to engage with the proposed technological interventions to enable important in-context behavior change research. Our approach converges knowledge from the domains of living laboratories, co-design, and existing experience of design research with older adults. From our experiences with this Product Service System, we provide guidelines to support other researchers setting-up a living laboratory study with older adults to explore technology’s potential to motivate behavior change.
Design as an Agent for Public Policy Innovation
Authors: VAZ Federico , PRENDEVILLE Sharon
Published: January 2020

Described as units developing public policies in a design-oriented manner, Policy Labs are tasked to innovate to gain in policy effectiveness and efficiency. However, as public policymaking is a context-dependent activity, the way in which these novel organisations operate significantly differs. This study discusses the emergence of design approaches for policy innovation. The purpose is to map how Policy Labs in Europe introduce design approaches at distinct stages of the policymaking cycle. For this study, 30 organisations in Europe operating at various levels of government were surveyed. Based on the public policymaking process model, it investigates which design methods are Policy Labs deploying to innovate public policies. The study exposed a gap in the awareness of the utilised methods' nature. It also showed that the use of design methods is of less importance than the introduction of design mindsets for public policy innovation, namely ‘user-centredness’, ‘co-creation’, and ‘exploration’.
Design Thinking Mindset
Authors: GROEGER Lars , SCHWEITZER Jochen , SOBEL Leanne , MALCOLM Bridget
Published: January 2020

While knowledge of design thinking (DT) processes and familiarity with its tools can be achieved relatively quickly, few educational programs foster a DT mindset. This study examines the effect of an experiential DT learning environment on the development of a DT mindset. We analyse the extent to which key attributes of a DT mindset are understood, evaluated and assessed. We show that the general value and related challenges of learning a DT mindset are well understood. However, students perceive the importance and value of particular mindset attributes differently; in particular, postgraduate student reflections provide a nuanced and interlinked view of different mindset attributes. We provide a framework for learning objectives and exemplary activities to teach and encourage designerly ways of thinking and doing in business education. We argue that a mindset that embodies DT can address deficits in business school education, better preparing students for future work.
Speeding-Up Innovation with Business Hackathons
Authors: FLORES Myrna , GOLOB Matic , MAKLIN Doroteja , TUCCI Christopher
Published: January 2020

In recent years, the way organizations innovate and develop new solutions has changed considerably. Moving from ‘behind the closed doors’ style of innovating to open innovation where collaboration with outsiders is encouraged, organizations are in the pursuit of more effective ways to accelerate their innovation outcomes. As a result, organizations are establishing creative and entrepreneurial ecosystems, which not only empower employees but also involve many others to co-create new solutions. In this paper, we present a methodology for organizing hackathons, i.e. competition-based events where small teams work over a short period of time to ideate, design, prototype and test their ideas following a user-centric approach to solve a specific challenge. This paper also provides insights into two different hackathons organized in the United Kingdom, and Mexico, as well as a series of 5 hackathons organized in Argentina, Mexico, Switzerland, United Kingdom and in Senegal.
Business as Unusual
Authors: DUNN Nick , PATHA CM , WHITHAM Roger
Published: January 2020

UK government statistics maintain that only 18 per cent of creative industries firms engage in international trade. The UK’s Industrial Strategy: Creative Industries Sector Deal aims to increase UK creative industry exports by 50% within 5 years, arguing there is a “great deal of untapped potential in the sector.” It also identifies small company size as a barrier to creative industry exports. Our research, however, challenges these assumptions. At least one creative industries hub is already deeply entwined in global trade. In Liverpool’s creative and digital hub Baltic Creative, 69 per cent of tenants export. Furthermore, these exporters are highly dependent on their overseas income. Over one-third of exporters earn more than 50 per cent of their annual income from exports. Our research also finds that small company size was not a deterrent to international trade. Rather company owners report concerns about access to global markets after Brexit, which had already resulted in significant financial losses for some. Our study reveals that even the smallest micro-enterprises are exporting not by way of strained or concerted efforts, but simply because they are operating in an open, digital, global environment where international trade is integral to their business.
Design for Climate Services
Authors: WOODS Mel , AJATES GONZALEZ Raquel , HEMMENT Drew , HEMMENT Drew
Published: January 2020

Droughts, floods and other climate-related hazards present critical challenges for communities across the world. Design is well-placed to respond to such wicked problems (Buchanan, 1992) however a user-led approach to the development of climate services is rare (Christel et al, 2017). Instead, scientists and governments rely on research and innovation between science and industry to develop climate services for early warning systems and decision-making. The design community is uniquely placed to contribute to such developments, particularly in proposing new perspectives where citizens are themselves potential users of such services and at the forefront of change-making practices.
Discourse Mapping
Authors: BOEHNERT Joanna
Published: January 2020

This workshop will create a space for discussion on environmental politics and its impact on design for sustainable transitions. It will help participants identify different sustainability discourses; create a space for reflection on how these discourses influence design practice; and consider the environmental and social implications of different discourses. The workshop will do this work by encouraging knowledge sharing, reflection and interpretative mapping in a participatory space where individuals will create their own discourse maps.

This work is informed by my research “Mapping Climate Communication” conducted at the Centre for Science and Technology Policy Research (CSTPR) in the Cooperative Institute for Environmental Sciences (CIRES), the University of Colorado, Boulder. With this research project I developed a discourse mapping method based on the discourse analysis method of political scientists and sustainability scholars. Using my own work as an example, I will facilitate a process that will enable participants to create new discourse maps reflecting their own ideas and agendas.
Establishing Design Literacy International Network
Authors: NIELSEN Liv Merete , BOHEMIA Erik , REITAN Janne Beate , BRÆNNE Karen , BRAVO Úrsula , CORTÉS Catalina
Published: January 2020

The aims of the workshop where threefold:

a) establish an international network on Design Literacy,

b) articulate how network membership might support personal goals,

c) share information regarding how the participants might contribute into the network in terms of research expertise, funding, networks.

The workshop gathered a group of 21 international scholars who were interested in exploring the emerging area of the Design Literacy. Production and consumption are very much tight around human designed and made systems – how can citizens become aware of their vital role in shaping the world and support a better tomorrow for both people and planet? How does the uptake of design literacies evolve across diverse field of education (both universities and K12), policy development and commercial organisations?
Education Relations, Number of Children and Acceptance of KB Information with Pregnancy Due to Unmet Need KB in Pregnant Mother in Binjai Health Center City In 2019
Authors: Syawalina Syawalina , Santosa Heru , Sanusi Sri Rahayu
Published: January 2020

Pregnancy control and regulation is one of the ways to suppress the population in Indonesia through the family planning (KB) program. However, family planning programs in Indonesia still have problems, one of which is the high number of unmet need for family planning in Indonesia. 5 sub-districts in the City of Binjai showed that the District of Binjai Kota which had the highest number of unmet need for family planning was 18.27%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Relationship of Education, Number of Children and Acceptance of Family Planning Information with Pregnancy Due to Unmet Need for KB in Pregnant Women in Binjai City Health Center in 2019. The method of this study used a cross sectional sample of 113 pregnant women in December 2018 - August 2019 at the Binjai City Health Center. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire. Based on the results of the study note that out of 113 pregnant women there were 57 people (50.4%) who became pregnant as a result of Unmet Need KB. Variables related to Pregnancy Due to Unmet Need for KB are the number of children (p = 0.024) and the receipt of KB information (p = 0.001). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that respondents who had 1-2 children and did not receive family planning information had a probability of suffering from pregnancy due to unmet need for birth control by 57.8%. The suggestion for this research is that health workers pay more attention to those who have 1-2 children who are motivated to participate in the family planning program and ask pregnant women to ask health workers before using family planning tools as clearly as possible so that they are expected to be able to reduce the reasons for unmet need for family planning.
Integrated Control of Coffee Bean Borer (Hypothenemus Hampei) on Sigararutang Coffee, Motung Village, Ajibata Sub-district, Toba Samosir District, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Suswati Suswati , Hutapea Sumihar , Barus Rehia Isabella , Setiawan Setiawan , Hutapea Ade Prayoga
Published: January 2020

Integrated control Hypothenemus hampei in  Saurdot farmer group, Motung Village, Ajibata District, Toba Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. The purpose of the activity was to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers about H.hampei and their management measures by improving cultivation techniques. The socialization of coffee borer pest management has been carried out by improving crop cultivation through spacing, crop pruning, chemical control and planting refugia plants. Partner problems are overcome by a number of technological solutions, which are carried out using technology transfer methods through education, training, demonstration plots, and mentoring. Socialization activities can increase farmers' knowledge about coffee berry borer (CBB) pests and its environmentally friendly control. The prototype of healthy coffee cultivation is very beneficial in increasing the knowledge and skills of Saurdot farmer group members in coffee cultivation. There is an increase in both knowledge and skills in the application of plant cultivation techniques. coffee specifically about the spacing of coffee seedlings increased by 15.38%, the distance of the shading trees around 50%, the selection of protective trees only about 50%, pruning coffee plants around 54%, pruning of shading trees around 25%, applying basic fertilizer and supplementary fertilizers around 50% in addition, there was also an increase in the group in the introduction of plant pests and control methods. There was an increase in the knowledge of partner groups about the type of pest of coffee plants by 11.11%, CBB pest  by 51.11%, about CBB pest control by 50% and knowledge about the types of pesticides in controlling CBB by 50%