bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory and Fungicidal Potential of Different Extracts of Raphanus Raphanistrum L. Var. Caudatus
Authors: Akhlaq Muhammad , Abid Hafiz Muhammad Usman , Sajid Muhammad , Haq Inaam Ul , Akhtar Muhammad Hasnat , Zubair Gohar , Raza Shahid , Amjad Muhammad , Raza Asim , Khan Muhammad Shahzad
Published: February 2024

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, emphasizing the importance of antioxidants in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Raphanus raphanistrum, commonly known as wild radish, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antifungal effects. The plant is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, isothiocyanates, and vitamins, which contribute to its therapeutic potential.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antifungal activities of Raphanus raphanistrum extracts and to compare these activities with standard controls.
Methods: Fresh Raphanus raphanistrum plants were collected, and extracts were prepared using methanol, chloroform, and water. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Immunomodulatory activity was evaluated through the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay in whole blood and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNS), measuring the oxidative burst. The antifungal activity was determined using the agar disk diffusion method against six pathogenic fungi. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with results presented as mean ± standard deviation for antioxidant and antifungal assays, and mean ± standard error for immunomodulatory activity.
Results: The methanol extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity with DPPH scavenging percentages ranging from 56.55% at 150 µg/ml to 87.08% at 850 µg/ml. Immunomodulatory activity showed IC50 values of 37.8 µg/ml in whole blood and 18.9 µg/ml in PMNS for the methanol extract. The antifungal activity against Candida albicans showed zones of inhibition increasing from 15 mm at 150 µg/ml to 22 mm at 850 µg/ml. These activities were compared to standard controls, including ascorbic acid for antioxidant, ibuprofen for immunomodulatory, and miconazole for antifungal assays, demonstrating the extracts' competitive potential.
Conclusion: Raphanus raphanistrum extracts showed promising antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antifungal activities, indicating their potential as natural alternatives for the prevention and treatment of related diseases. Further in vivo studies and isolation of active compounds are recommended to fully understand the mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
Prevalence of Wrist Pain among Painters
Authors: Toor Kahkishan , Alam Muhammad Mahmood , Akhtar Muhammad Waseem , Saeed Sameen , Burhan Muhammad , Ghaffar Abdul
Published: February 2024

Background: Wrist pain is a significant occupational health issue among painters, attributed to the repetitive and physically demanding nature of their work. Previous research has highlighted the association between musculoskeletal disorders and occupational activities, particularly in professions requiring repetitive motion, awkward postures, and the use of vibrating tools. However, data on the prevalence and risk factors of wrist pain specific to painters in Lahore has been limited.
Objective: The study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of wrist pain among painters in Lahore, identify potential risk factors contributing to this condition, and evaluate the relationship between occupational practices and the development of wrist pain.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a six-month period involving 150 painters selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria were age between 20 and 30 years, at least one year of painting experience, and no history of psychological disorders or serious chronic diseases. Data were collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 25.0, employing descriptive statistics, mean values, percentages, and one-sample t-tests.
Results: Out of 150 participants, 89 (59.3%) reported experiencing wrist pain. The mean weight and height of the participants were 61.22 kg (SD = 8.21) and 5.50 meters (SD = 0.38), respectively. The average job duration was 4.20 years (SD = 1.55), with an average working week of 19.93 hours (SD = 7.79). Pain intensity varied, with those affected reporting a mean intensity of 2.30 on a scale of 0 to 8, where right wrist involvement (mean = 4.04, SD = 1.31) was more common than left (mean = 2.81, SD = 1.33) or both wrists (mean = 4.26, SD = 1.45).
Conclusion: The study revealed a moderate prevalence of wrist pain among painters in Lahore, with significant implications for occupational health. The findings underscore the need for ergonomic interventions and targeted preventive measures to mitigate the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among painters.
A Comparison of the Academic Performance of Students throughout the Year and the Sendup Exam with Respect to Gender
Authors: Gaffar Tehreem , Shakoor Asma , Abbas Minahil , Khan Amna Nauman , Jabbar Maria , Butt Hira
Published: February 2024

Background: The impact of gender on academic performance has garnered considerable attention in the realm of medical and dental education, revealing significant disparities. With evolving enrollment trends and academic achievements across genders worldwide, understanding these dynamics within specialized educational environments becomes crucial.
Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare the academic performance of male and female undergraduate dental students at Sharif Medical and Dental College (SMDC), Lahore, over an academic year and specifically in their sendup examinations, to identify gender-based patterns and disparities in academic outcomes.
Methods: Conducting a cross-sectional analysis among third-year BDS students at SMDC from January 2020 to January 2021, this study, after securing ethical clearance and informed consent, engaged a sample size of 491 students. Academic performances were assessed from Oral Pathology records, categorized under four performance brackets (<50%, 50% to 69%, 70% to 79%, and >80%). SPSS version 25 facilitated the data analysis, employing the chi-square test to explore the association between gender and academic performance. Statistical significance was earmarked by a p-value of <0.05.
Results: The findings indicated a significant correlation between gender and academic performance throughout the academic year (p≤0.001), with females significantly outperforming males—22% of females versus 4% of males achieved excellence. In the context of the sendup exams, the gender disparity persisted (p=0.022), with exclusively female students (2%) attaining excellent performance. Moreover, 26% of female students compared to 7% of male students achieved average performance in the sendup, while the percentage of males with poor results (7%) exceeded that of females (3%).
Conclusion: The study highlights a pronounced gender disparity in academic performance among dental students, with female students consistently outperforming their male counterparts throughout the academic year and in pivotal examinations. These findings call for targeted educational interventions to address and mitigate gender disparities, ensuring equitable academic opportunities and outcomes.
Effectiveness of Discharge Education on Self Efficacy among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Aslam Saira , Masih Sarfraz , Mukhtar Madiha
Published: February 2024

Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with effective patient education on self-care post-discharge identified as a crucial component in managing the disease and improving patient outcomes. Despite the recognized importance, there is a gap in understanding the best approaches to discharge education and their impact on patient self-efficacy.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive discharge education program on enhancing self-efficacy among patients with CAD, compared to standard care.
Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted at the Multan Institute of Cardiology over a nine-month period, enrolling 70 participants with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), aged 30 and above. Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group, which received a three-day comprehensive discharge education program, or the control group, which received standard care. The Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, with a content validity index of 0.91 and a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.743, was used to measure outcomes. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, employing paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests to assess within-group and between-group differences, respectively.
Results: The intervention group demonstrated a significant increase in self-efficacy post-intervention, with the mean self-efficacy score improving from 31.29 ± 5.571 to 51.69 ± 6.641 (t = -15.197, p < 0.000). In contrast, the control group showed no significant change. The post-intervention self-efficacy scores significantly differed between the intervention and control groups (51.69 ± 6.641 vs. 30.77 ± 4.505, t = -15.42, p < 0.000).
Conclusion: The comprehensive discharge education program significantly improved self-efficacy among CAD patients compared to standard care. This suggests that targeted discharge education should be an integral part of patient care to enhance self-management capabilities post-discharge.
The Direction of Development of Indonesian Contemporary and Experimental Music in the Millennium Era
Authors: Bratakusumah Vari Vania
Published: February 2024

This research delves into the development trajectory of contemporary and experimental Indonesian music within the context of the millennium era. Grounded in the rich tapestry of Indonesia's cultural and musical heritage, this study employs a comprehensive analysis to explore the multifaceted dimensions that have shaped the evolution of these genres. The methodology encompasses a qualitative approach, utilizing interviews with prominent figures in the Indonesian music scene, archival research, and content analysis of relevant documents. By adopting this methodological framework, the study aims to unravel the underlying patterns, challenges, and opportunities that have marked the course of contemporary and experimental music in Indonesia. The results of this research contribute to the existing body of knowledge in music studies by shedding light on the dynamic interactions between artistic expression, cultural identity, and governmental interventions. Furthermore, the study identifies key trends and emerging paradigms, providing valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers involved in promoting and preserving Indonesia's musical heritage. In conclusion, this study offers a nuanced understanding of the direction of development in Indonesian contemporary and experimental music in the millennium era. By bridging the domains of social science and the arts, it seeks to contribute to a more profound appreciation of the intricate dynamics that shape the cultural landscape of Indonesia, fostering a conducive environment for the continued flourishing of its diverse musical expressions.
Preservation of the Musical Instruments: Katambung , Garantung, Rabab, Sape and Kecapi in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Jonathan Jonathan , Darma Wika Dwi , Timotius Frenky Albert , Sintalegawa Jasmine Ambun , Munthe Yesyurun
Published: February 2024

The problem in this research is the lack of research that shows traditional musical instruments in Central Kalimantan in the form of visualization (images) and elaboration with culture, maintenance space and also religion, which is basically applicable and useful for the maintenance of property, culture, philosophical values contained therein. This research method is qualitative research with data search through visualization of images or camera shots of the authors directly to the source of traditional musical instruments in Palangka Raya. The results show that diversity, Indonesianness through gotong royong, instrument maintenance, culture and religion are inextricably intertwined as a space for diversity and religiosity and at the same time as a further elaborative space to explore musical instruments with something that enriches art.
Despre locuire și migrație – aspecte contrastive, puncte de convergență
Authors:   Universitatea „Sapienza”, Roma, Neșu Nicoleta ,   Universitatea „Babeș-Bolyai”, Cluj-Napoca
Published: February 2024

The present work represents a part of our research-concerns in recent years and will focus on the main theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of linguistic „habituation” (according to the famous Heideggerian phrase "language is the home of being") and the phenomenon of migration, in an attempt to integrate them in two perspectives: a sociological-philosophical one and a linguistic one. Therefore, we will try to underline and to find answers to some questions related to the essence of the migratory phenomenon in today's globalizing society, proposing, mainly, to identify what are its effects on the linguistic behavior of people who migrate, how it modifies the main coordinates of living in a language (abandonment of the mother tongue and installation in a new linguistic reality different from the mother tongue’s one).
Model Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Pada PT Agrimitra Utama Persada
Authors: Nofritar  , Mahmuddin Yuliarman
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar “Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. Agrimitra Utama Persada Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Sumatera Barat”. Metode pengumpulan data ini adalah dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dengan sampel 70 responden, metode Analisis dalam dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Statistik Deskriptif, Uji Asumsi Klasik (Uji Normalitas, Uji Multikolonieritas, dan Uji Heteroskedasitas), Uji Koefisien Secara Parsial (Uji-t), Uji Koefisien Secara Simultan (Uji-F), Uji Koefisien Determinasi (R2) dan analisis jalur. Adapun keseluruhan analisis data menggunakan SPSS 24. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa : (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja. (2) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan Motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja. (3) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. (4) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. (5) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. (6) Kepuasan kerja tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. (7) Kepuasan kerja dapat memediasi pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Connect Corner: Lessons on Resilience from the Animated Film Abominable
Authors: Lin Megan , Kohler Mylan , Yang Kelly , Yen Jennifer , Sust Steven
Published: February 2024

In this issue’s Connect Corner we take time to reflect on resilience; something we all must cultivate in this challenging time. Abominable is an animated film about personal growth, bereavement, emotional expression, and community as told from the perspective of the main character, Yi.
Connect Corner: Cinderella
Authors: Wadell Paula
Published: February 2024

Welcome to our new column, Connect Corner—an opportunity to critique books, shows, movies, video games, and any other relevant media content from the perspective of a child and adolescent psychiatrist. To kick off this column we begin with a more traditional form of content: books. When the JAACAP Connect Editorial Board met this past October at the AACAP’s 66th Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL, we started our gathering by sharing a favorite children’s book. We reflected on the stories that touched us as children and the ones we have discovered as parents.
Financial mechanism in the system of countering unfair practices in the securities market
Authors: Malyshenko Marina Viktorovna
Published: February 2024

The subject of this study is the system of countering insider transactions and manipulation in the securities market in terms of its mechanisms. The purpose of this work is to determine the place of the financial mechanism of counteraction and its role in the system of combating unfair practices. The securities market is the most important element ensuring the development of the economy. Today, one of the main problems of its regulation in Russia is the search for effective mechanisms to combat illegal practices. As a result of such activities, the financial security of participants is put at risk, and confidence in the market is reduced. The issue of finding and implementing new mechanisms to improve the effectiveness of control over the activities of participants is becoming urgent. In order to increase the effectiveness of the market regulation system in terms of control over insider trading and manipulation, the author proposes the introduction of a financial mechanism to counter insider trading and manipulation in the securities market. The methods of modeling and analogy, classification, comparison, system analysis, synthesis and generalization were used in the work. A comparative analysis of counteraction systems in countries with the world's leading stock exchanges has been carried out. The results show that each of the considered systems has a financial mechanism of counteraction, expressed not only by strict fines related to the amount of damage caused, but also by additional amounts of compensation, which is absent in domestic practice. The author analyzes the existing system of regulation of the Russian securities market, identifies its components, and highlights the main disadvantages. In addition, the analysis of the system showed that such a component as a financial counteraction mechanism has not been fully formed to date. The existing measures do not ensure the effectiveness of the fight against illegal practices. The financial mechanism of counteraction in Russian practice is fragmented, and the existing fines have no economic justification and are directly related to the damage caused to the market. In addition, no other measures are provided to compensate the losses received by the participants. Thus, in this paper, the concept of a financial mechanism for countering insider and manipulative activities is proposed, and its place in the Russian securities market regulation system is determined.
Small RNAs from mitochondrial genome recombination sites are incorporated into T. gondii mitoribosomes
Authors: Tetzlaff Sabrina , Hillebrand Arne , Drakoulis Nikiforos , Gluhic Zala , Maschmann Sascha , Lyko Peter , Wicke Susann , Schmitz-Linneweber Christian
Published: February 2024

The mitochondrial genomes of apicomplexans comprise merely three protein-coding genes, alongside a set of thirty to forty genes encoding small RNAs (sRNAs), many of which exhibit homologies to rRNA from E. coli. The expression status and integration of these short RNAs into ribosomes remains unclear and direct evidence for active ribosomes within apicomplexan mitochondria is still lacking. In this study, we conducted small RNA sequencing on the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii to investigate the occurrence and function of mitochondrial sRNAs. To enhance the analysis of sRNA sequencing outcomes, we also re-sequenced the T. gondii mitochondrial genome using an improved organelle enrichment protocol and Nanopore sequencing. It has been established previously that the T. gondii genome comprises 21 sequence blocks that undergo recombination among themselves but that their order is not entirely random. The enhanced coverage of the mitochondrial genome allowed us to characterize block combinations at increased resolution. Employing this refined genome for sRNA mapping, we find that many small RNAs originated from the junction sites between protein-coding blocks and rRNA sequence blocks. Surprisingly, such block border sRNAs were incorporated into polysomes together with canonical rRNA fragments and mRNAs. In conclusion, apicomplexan ribosomes are active within polysomes and are indeed assembled through the integration of sRNAs, including previously undetected sRNAs with merged mRNA-rRNA sequences. Our findings lead to the hypothesis that T. gondii’s block-based genome organization enables the dual utilization of mitochondrial sequences as both messenger RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, potentially establishing a link between the regulation of rRNA and mRNA expression.
Agile methodologies as an innovation tool in the digital marketing sector: a multicase study in the southern agreste region of Pernambuco
Authors: Chaves Márcio Tenório , Xavier Filho José Lindenberg Julião , Pinto Fabíola Maria Silva Costa , Alves Bárbara do Nascimento
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze agile methodologies as an innovation tool in the digital marketing sector in the Southern Agreste of Pernambuco. Innovation has become an indispensable element to achieve organizational results, creating a solid competitive advantage through systemic and continuous actions. Agile methodologies meet this scenario, optimizing the processes of each project to be executed. The research refers to a multicase study with a qualitative approach with the application of the exploratory research technique. Data collection was done through the use of semi-structured interviews and for data analysis Bardin's (2011) content analysis technique was applied. The survey results showed that the attractions of digital marketing companies are numerous due to the virtual scenario, they can gradually expand according to the new methodologies that are emerging, that is, they become more competitive. It was also noted that organizations that adopt innovation need to be aligned with the relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, observability, and experimentability and uncertainty, which can be in the technical, financial and social scenario.
The perception of the importance of the professional traineeship in the vision of Angolan and Brazilian students: an exploratory study
Authors: De Barros Neto João Pinheiro , Da Conceição Imaculada
Published: February 2024

People management, due to the search, development, and maintenance of talent, has been increasingly highlighted in organizations, and is currently considered strategic in companies in general. In this context, this study aimed to conduct a survey to verify the importance of the internship process, a gateway to the job market, in the perception of the interns themselves. The sample included Brazilian and Angolan interns, without the intention of segmenting or comparing them, as the focus was on the process and internship conditions in both countries. They are contextualized to situations related to interns in Angola and Brazil. The study shows that there are several factors to be improved and gaps to be filled by both educational institutions and grantor organizations, to make this process more efficient and effective for training new talent with gains for all stakeholders. As a limitation of the study, a small sample is recognized, which does not allow generalization of the results, which is why it is suggested to conduct new studies that can be generalized in both countries.
Biometry and physiological potential of Pterogyne nitens Tull. Seeds as a function of different substrates
Authors: Da Silva Erika Elias , Melo Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade , Melo Junior João Luciano de Andrade , Gomes Lailson César Andrade , Berto Thaíse dos Santos , Crisóstomo Natália Marinho Silva , De Oliveira Vanuze Costa , Ramos Marcus Gabriel de Carvalho , Costa Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira , Tenório Adrielle Naiana Ribeiro Soares
Published: February 2024

The Pterogyne nitens Tul., popularly known as "amendoim-bravo," belongs to the Fabaceae family and can be used in the recovery of degraded areas and in the restoration of riparian forests. The objective of this study was to biometrically characterize the seeds of "amendoim-bravo" and study the influence of substrates on the physiological potential of the seeds. For biometric characterization, eight replicates of 100 seeds were used to determine length and width. In the germination test using a completely randomized experimental design, the seeds were distributed in five different substrates: paper towel in roll form, between blotting paper, on top of blotting paper, between sand, and commercial substrate, at a regulated temperature of 30°C in a Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D) chamber. The first germination count (PCG), germination speed index (IVG), root length, shoot length of seedlings, dry root mass, and shoot mass of seedlings were analyzed. Evaluating the first germination count and germination index, the paper towel roll substrate showed superiority with 96% and 98%, respectively, statistically differing from the other treatments. The value for germination speed index also highlighted the use of the paper towel roll (6.347). Regarding mean time, mean speed, and synchrony, the best results were also achieved with the paper towel roll substrate. Pterogyne nitens Tul. seeds have an average length of 11.52 mm and a width of 6.35 mm. For evaluating physiological potential, the use of the paper towel roll substrate is recommended.
Business intelligence in investment offices: case study
Authors: Botelho João Pedro Machado , Pakes Paulo Renato , Da Rocha Tiago Soares , Viana Gabriela Dias , Sydow Maria Luísa Coritar
Published: February 2024

The main theme of this article is investment offices, a market that is growing exponentially in Brazil, and business intelligence, which consists of a set of technologies and practices that help companies to perform the collection, analysis and visualization of data in order to maximize efficiency in decision making. This article aims to analyze the effects of BI in investment offices through bibliographic research to build the theory and the case study for the collection of primary data for a better understanding of how processes occur in the company and how BI affects this process. As a result of this analysis, it was observed that, in fact, BI, as it was raised in the bibliographic research, is essential in investment offices, both for data collection, analysis and visualization to assist in decision making in a more assertive way, in relation to the investment office interviewed it was raised that BI is present in practically all processes and departments, however it was also observed that there are departments where the use of BI is not so present, This is a point to be evaluated by the investment office. In general terms, the company actually uses BI, having this resource as essential for decision-making, which in addition to corroborating the propositions made together with the theory, also evidences the professionalism of the investment office in relation to the theme of this study.
Rural credit distribution in Bahia in 2017
Authors: Ferreira Maiara Araujo Nogueira , Dos Santos Luís Sena , Almeida Paulo Nazareno Alves
Published: February 2024

Rural credit is an important tool for the country's economic development, and its objective is to promote rural development and increase agricultural production. However, credit distribution is uneven, favoring some regions over others. In Bahia it is no different. The objective of the present work is to evaluate and measure the distribution of rural credit in Bahia – the largest agricultural producer in the Northeast region – from the year of 2017. For this, tabular analysis, the entropy index and Theil's T and L indexes were used, as well as the redundancy index to measure the distribution of rural credit with the gross value of production as a productive counterpart. The results of the tabular analysis showed that there is a concentration of credit among the mesoregions of Bahia, an aspect that is less intense when verified by the T and L indices. When analyzing the distribution of credit and its productive counterpart, there was no concentration of credit distribution in the mesoregions bahians.
The Prediction of Growth of the GDP of North Macedonia for 2024 using Logistic and Linear Regression Model
Authors: Ramadani Leotrim , Turkeshi Neritan , Rexhepi Shpëtim
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this research is to get to know the statistical calculations that are used even in other fields except Mathematics, like economics, Finance, Informatics, Architecture, etc.

In this research, we have used statistical calculations like those of Linear Regression and Logistic Regression to calculate and predict the GDP of a specific country, in our case, North Macedonia. Here we have used the chance to use these two statistical models to present and visualize the already made predictions. The data are derived from the World Organization which deals with statistical data of all the countries of the world.

While using these two statistical models we even explained which are the pros and cons of each other, when we should use the first one and when the second one, in what use-cases we can use these two and what are the differences between them.
Design and Implementation of an Online Blood Donation System
Authors: Abdul-Gafaru Tahiru , Laar David Sanka , Kubuga Kennedy Kumangkem
Published: February 2024

Blood donation is a critical component of healthcare, saving countless lives each year. However, many regions, including Ghana, face chronic shortages of blood supply, often resulting in life-threatening delays for patients in need. Traditional blood donation methods are plagued with inefficiencies, causing delays in matching donors with recipients, and hindered by cumbersome paperwork that discourages potential donors. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an Online Blood Donation System, which offers an accessible, efficient, and secure platform for connecting blood donors with those in need. The project encompasses a comprehensive study, employing the Agile methodology, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL, to design and develop the system. The system's objectives encompass facilitating blood donation, enhancing efficiency, increasing donor participation, ensuring data security, promoting awareness, and overall healthcare system improvement. This project aims to contribute to the healthcare sector by providing an innovative solution to blood donation challenges, ultimately saving lives and improving healthcare efficiency.
Variation in Seed Quality Paramertes of Off-Season Soybean of Different Planting Dates and Varieties
Authors: Navya Kagita , Parimala K. , Reddy M. Rajendar , Padmasri A.
Published: February 2024

The work was carried out to assess the effect of varieties and dates of sowing on seed quality parameters of soybean seed produced during off-season i.e., Rabi at Rajendranagar. The seeds of varieties AISb-50, Basara and JS-335 were used for estimation of seed quality parameters which were sown on 15th December and 15th January. The seed quality parameters differed significantly due to dates of sowing and varieties. The treatment sum of squares revealed a significant difference in germination, seedling vigour index-I, seedling dry weight, speed of germination and field emergence, whereas seedling length was non-significant for varieties. While the seedling vigour index-II and electrical conductivity showed non-significant variation in the interaction between varieties and dates of sowing. The 15th December sown crop showed higher germination (91.11%), seedling length (27.63 cm), seedling vigour index-I (2518), dry weight (95.90 mg), seedling vigour index-II (8713), speed of germination (25.05) and field emergence (89.22%). The variety JS-335 exhibited higher germination (92.83%), seedling length (27.55cm), vigour index I (2558), speed of germination (28.25%), while higher seedling dry weight and vigour index II was exhibited by Basara (94.86 mg and 8097). The amount of leachates was found in Basara with electrical conductivity of 23.82 µScm-1g-1. The interaction between dates of sowing and varieties revealed that the variety JS-335 of 15th December sown exhibited higher germination (95.33%), seedling length (28.43 cm), seedling vigour index I (2711), speed of germination (29.97) among other varieties. The variety Basara of 15th December sown crop showed higher seedling dry weight (103.93 mg) and seedling vigour index II (8936). The electrical conductivity was higher in case of Basara of 15th January (24.59 µScm-1g-1).
Risk Factors, Susceptibility Vessel Sign and Thrombosis Pathology for Prognosis in Patients With Different Subtypes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Wu Yingchun , Wang Junmei , Sun Rui , Feng Guanqing
Published: February 2024

Purpose

This study highlights the relationship between stroke subtypes, thrombosis pathology, and susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) and identifies probable risk factors affecting recanalization and outcomes in endovascular treatment.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted in which 53 acute ischemic stroke patients received intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) from January 2017 to December 2019 in a native hospital. The recanalization was evaluated using modified cerebral infarction thrombolysis grade and prognosis at 3 months using modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The thrombus samples were stained to determine their composition. Magnetic sensitivity-weighted imaging was used to determine SVS.

Results

Age, locations of occlusion, and treatments were significantly different of TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) subtypes (P < 0.05). The time from door to puncture (TDP) and time of operation (TO) were significantly lower in the successful recanalization group (P < 0.05). National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), MT, TDP, time from onset to recanalization (TOR), and TO have significant differences between the two groups of mRS ≤ 2 and > 3. The occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) significantly affected the mRS score. The red and mixed thrombi were common in patients with positive SVS whereas the white thrombi were associated with the negative SVS.

Conclusion

Improved recanalization and prognosis was observed in early MT and when endovascular operations time was reduced.
Cover Picture: Synthesis of Cobalt/Polymer Multilayer Nanotubes (Adv. Eng. Mater. 4/2005)
Authors: Nielsch K. , Castaño F. J. , Matthias S. , Lee W. , Ross C. A.
Published: April 2005

The cover image shows bundles of colbalt/polymer multilayer nanotubes synthesized by polymer infiltration in highly‐ordered macroporous silicon and released by a selective chemical etch from the template structure. The upper inset shows after polymer removal segments of cobalt nanotubes placed on the top surface of a perfect ordered alumina membrane obtained from imprint lithography. In the lower inset an array of mulitlayer magnetic nanotubes simbedded in a macroporous silicon matrix is presented. More information can be found in the article by K. Nielsch on page 217.
Hypoparathyroidism–retardation–dysmorphism (HRD) syndrome in triplets
Authors: Al Tawil Khalil , Shataiwi Adnan , Mutair Angham , Eyaid Wafa , Saif Saif Al
Published: April 2005

We report female triplets with the clinical and biochemical manifestations of hypoparatyroidism–retardation–dysmorphism (HRD) syndrome also known as Sanjad–Sakati syndrome. They were born at 35 weeks gestation after assisted pregnancy (in vitro fertilization). The parents are first degree cousins from Saudi Arabia. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel autosomal recessive progressive hyperpigmentation syndrome
Authors: Hüffmeier Ulrike , Hausser Ingrid , Reis André , Rauch Anita
Published: April 2005

We present a family of Iraqui origin with three siblings affected by a novel type of progressive hyperpigmentation syndrome. The generalized initially diffuse, later disseminated hyperpigmentation started in early infancy and increased during childhood. It also affected palms and soles, and the face but spared the cheeks. Additional features were dry, itchy and sunlight sensitive skin, dystrophy of toe nails, hair loss, and myopia, but normal sweat glands. Light and electron microscopy showed signs of pigment incontinence and compound melanosomes as well as fibrillar bodies. The occurrence of this entity in affected siblings from a consanguineous mating suggests autosomal recessive inheritance. Extensive review of the literature showed no previous report with this distinct combination of clinical and microscopic findings. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptive cortical plasticity in higher visual areas after acute optic neuritis
Authors: Toosy Ahmed T. , Hickman Simon J. , Miszkiel Katherine A. , Jones Stephen J. , Plant Gordon T. , Altmann Daniel R. , Barker Gareth J. , Miller David H. , Thompson Alan J.
Published: April 2005

The ability to distinguish adaptive cortical reorganization may help to target future therapeutic strategies after neurological insult. We investigated cortical plasticity by prospectively applying visual functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and optic nerve MRI to 20 patients with acute optic neuritis at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. We performed three types of correlation analyses to investigate the relationships between fMRI activity, clinical function, and optic nerve structure. The first analysis directly correlated the fMRI response to clinical function or optic nerve structure and found dynamic relations especially within the first 3 months. The second analysis used a novel technique that modeled the fMRI response and optic nerve structure together with clinical function, to determine the contribution fMRI made to clinical function after accounting for structural factors. Significant effects were found at baseline only, within the right peristriate cortex, and bilaterally in the lateral occipital complexes, which are normally involved in higher order visual processing. The third analysis investigated the relation between the modeled visual recovery rate and fMRI response but found no significant effects. The key findings of this study are from the second analysis and suggest a genuine adaptive role for cortical reorganization within extrastriate visual areas early after optic neuritis. Ann Neurol 2005;57:622–633
Protective effects of ginseng components in a rodent model of neurodegeneration
Authors: Lian Xiao‐Yuan , Zhang Zhizhen , Stringer Janet L.
Published: April 2005

To test the proposed neuroprotective activity of whole ginseng extract and its components, we used 3‐nitropropionic acid (3‐NP), an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, to produce neurodegeneration. Treatment with 3‐nitropropionic acid (90mg/kg) over a 5‐day period resulted in severe impairment of movement and loss of neurons in the striatum. Pretreatment with a preparation from the whole root of American ginseng had no protective effects. Pretreatment with a preparation of ground leaves and stems, which contains greater levels of ginsenosides than ground root, improved the behavioral score and reduced the volume of the striatal lesion. A partial purification of American ginseng was performed to concentrate the putative protective components: Rb1, Rb3, and Rd (termed Rb extract). Pretreatment with the Rb extract significantly reduced the 3‐nitropropionic acid–induced motor impairment and cell loss in the striatum, and it completely prevented any mortality. Significant effects on motor function, mortality, and the striatal lesion volume also were measured in animals pretreated with the individual ginsenosides, Rb1, Rb3, or Rd. The results demonstrate that some of the ginsenosides have neuroprotective activity, and that a partial purification of whole ginseng to concentrate the neuroprotective components may have utility as a neuroprotective agent. Ann Neurol 2005;57:642–648
Synergy of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and exercise in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Kaspar Brian K. , Frost Lindsay M. , Christian Lindsey , Umapathi Priya , Gage Fred H.
Published: April 2005

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the neuromuscular system resulting in paralysis and ultimately death. Currently, no effective therapy is prescribed for patients; however, several therapeutic strategies are showing promise. Either exercise or treatment with adeno‐associated virus/insulin‐like growth factor–1 alone has therapeutic benefits in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transgenic mouse model. We show here that activity duration affects the therapeutic benefit associated with exercise, with 6‐ and 12‐hour exposure to a running wheel providing significant motor function benefits and increased survival. Remarkably, a combination of insulin‐like growth factor–1 gene delivery and exercise has profound effects on survival and function, indicative of synergistic effects with exercise and insulin‐like growth factor–1. Our results indicate that a drug treatment in combination with appropriate exercise may provide the most promising therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to date. Ann Neurol 2005
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors reduce brain and blood interleukin‐1β production
Authors: Pollak Yehuda , Gilboa Adi , Ben‐Menachem Ofra , Ben‐Hur Tamir , Soreq Hermona , Yirmiya Raz
Published: April 2005

Overproduction of interleukin‐1 within the brain is associated with Alzheimer's disease and other neurological conditions. We report that peripheral administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors tacrine, rivastigmine, neostigmine, or EN101 (an antisense oligonucleotide directed at acetylcholinesterase messenger RNA) to mice significantly attenuated the production of interleukin‐1β in the hippocampus and blood, concomitantly with the reduction in acetylcholinesterase activity. These findings demonstrate that cholinergic enhancement produces central and peripheral antiinflammatory effects and suggest a novel therapeutic mechanism for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Ann Neurol 2005
Clinical features of LRRK2‐associated Parkinson's disease in central Norway
Authors: Aasly Jan O. , Toft Mathias , Fernandez‐Mata Ignacio , Kachergus Jennifer , Hulihan Mary , White Linda R. , Farrer Matthew
Published: April 2005

Several pathogenic mutations in the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2; PARK8) gene recently have been identified in familial and sporadic parkinsonism. We screened 435 Norwegian patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and 519 control subjects for the presence of 7 LRRK2 mutations. Nine patients from seven families were found to be heterozygote carriers of the LRRK2 6055G>A (G2019S) mutation. Twelve of 28 first‐degree relatives also carried the mutation, but only 1 had Parkinson's disease. The clinical features included asymmetric resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity with a good response to levodopa and could not be distinguished from idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2005;57:762–765
Pallidal stimulation improves pantothenate kinase–associated neurodegeneration
Authors: Castelnau Pierre , Cif Laura , Valente Enza Maria , Vayssiere Nathalie , Hemm Simone , Gannau Amandine , DiGiorgio Annalisa , Coubes Philippe
Published: April 2005

Pantothenate kinase–associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) causes a progressive generalized dystonia which remains pharmacologically intractable. We performed bilateral internal globus pallidus stimulation in six patients with genetically confirmed PKAN who obtained a major and long‐lasting improvement of their painful spasms, dystonia, and functional autonomy. This study shows the benefits of pallidal DBS for the dystonia of PKAN patients. Ann Neurol 2005;57:738–741
Effects of Cav3.2 channel mutations linked to idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Khosravani Houman , Bladen Christopher , Parker David B. , Snutch Terrance P. , McRory John E. , Zamponi Gerald W.
Published: April 2005

Heron and colleagues (Ann Neurol 2004;55:595–596) identified three missense mutations in the Cav3.2 T‐type calcium channel gene (CACNA1H) in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. None of the variants were associated with a specific epilepsy phenotype and were not found in patients with juvenile absence epilepsy or childhood absence epilepsy. Here, we introduced and functionally characterized these three mutations using transiently expressed human Cav3.2 channels. Two of the mutations exhibited functional changes that are consistent with increased channel function. Taken together, these findings along with previous reports, strongly implicate CACNA1H as a susceptibility gene in complex idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2005
Aerobic training in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Ørngreen Mette C. , Olsen David B. , Vissing John
Published: April 2005

The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on a cycle ergometer was studied in 12 patients with myotonic dystrophy. Efficacy was evaluated by cycle testing and muscle morphology before and after training. Patients increased their maximal oxygen uptake by 14%, the maximal workload by 11%, muscle fiber diameter increased significantly, and creatine kinase did not increase with training. The study indicates that aerobic training is safe and can improve fitness effectively in patients with myotonic dystrophy. Ann Neurol 2005;57:754–757
Distal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy caused by dynactin mutation
Authors: Puls Imke , Oh Shin J. , Sumner Charlotte J. , Wallace Karen E. , Floeter Mary Kay , Mann Eric A. , Kennedy William R. , Wendelschafer‐Crabb Gwen , Vortmeyer Alexander , Powers Richard , Finnegan Kimberly , Holzbaur Erika L. F. , Fischbeck Kenneth H. , Ludlow Christy L.
Published: April 2005

Impaired axonal transport has been postulated to play a role in the pathophysiology of multiple neurodegenerative disorders. In this report, we describe the results of clinical and neuropathological studies in a family with an inherited form of motor neuron disease caused by mutation in the p150Glued subunit of dynactin, a microtubule motor protein essential for retrograde axonal transport. Affected family members had a distinct clinical phenotype characterized by early bilateral vocal fold paralysis affecting the adductor and abductor laryngeal muscles. They later experienced weakness and atrophy in the face, hands, and distal legs. The extremity involvement was greater in the hands than in the legs, and it had a particular predilection for the thenar muscles. No clinical or electrophysiological sensory abnormality existed; however, skin biopsy results showed morphological abnormalities of epidermal nerve fibers. An autopsy study of one patient showed motor neuron degeneration and axonal loss in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla. Immunohistochemistry showed abnormal inclusions of dynactin and dynein in motor neurons. This mutation of dynactin, a ubiquitously expressed protein, causes a unique pattern of motor neuron degeneration that is associated with the accumulation of dynein and dynactin in neuronal inclusions. Ann Neurol 2005;57:687–694