bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the macro- and microelement composition of the saliva of СHPP workers
Authors: Sarf Elena A. , Makarova Natal'ya A. , Bel'skaya Lyudmila V.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Chemical homeostasis is a necessary component for maintaining health, and an excessive or insufficient level of macro and microelements in the body is considered a risk factor for the development of pathological changes. AIM: To determine the micro and macro-element composition of the saliva of СHPP workers by capillary electrophoresis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the saliva samples from Omsk СHPP personnel aged 2545 years (main group; n=104) and healthy volunteers aged 2345 years who were not related to the СHРP company (control group; n=195). Capillary electrophoresis was used to evaluate the potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, lithium, strontium, barium, and manganese content of all samples. RESULTS: It has been established that potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium ions were present in all the samples investigated; however, their balance is considerably disrupted under conditions of technogenic pollution. It was observed that lithium, barium, strontium, and manganese were identified in a greater number of saliva samples from СHPP workers compared to the control group. Strontium was not identified in the saliva of volunteers in the control group; its appearance correlated with working conditions. CONCLUSION: The proposed method allows estimating the degree of technogenic load on the body and identifying a risk group for which appropriate preventive measures and greater attention to the diagnosis of occupational diseases as part of a planned medical evaluation are required.
PARADIGMA BARU PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DALAM MERDEKA BELAJAR-KAMPUS MERDEKA
Authors: Kurniawan Hendra
Published: July 2022

History education requires a new paradigm as the times and society change. The conventional paradigm is considered no longer to answer the needs of society. In addition to the presence of postmodernism that broke the establishment, people today are also faced with Society 5.0. A new era marked by increasingly rapid technological advances and all practicalities must be addressed so that humans remain at the center of life's arrangement. In facing the dynamics of these changes, history education must strengthen its relevance and role for society. This article aims to examine a new paradigm that can strengthen history education as a vehicle for building individual identities as part of society, nation, and citizens of the world. A change in the paradigm of history education is practically manifested in history learning which includes aspects of teaching materials and the learning process. This change is also closely related to the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka program that has been launched. It is hoped that history education with its new paradigm will be more contextual in fostering historical awareness for a more humanist life in the present to look to the future.
Propuesta de un Breakoutedu de cinemática para el alumnado de primero de bachillerato
Authors: Martínez Carmona Marina , Ayuso Fernández Enrique , Serrano Francisco
Published: July 2022

“Tienes 45 min para escapar con vida de esta habitación. Buena suerte”. Hace unos años esta frase le habría puesto los pelos de punta a cualquiera, hoy día es sinónimo de juego y diversión. La sociedad actual ha cambiado y por ello resulta necesario emplear nuevas metodologías que permitan motivar al alumnado al mismo tiempo que adquiere conocimientos y desarrolla competencias. Un breakoutedu es un recurso empleado en gamificación, una metodología activa que fomenta el aprendizaje incorporando elementos del juego en el aula. En nuestro trabajo nos proponemos el diseño de un breakoutedu para mejorar los aprendizajes de cinemática en 1º de Bachillerato a través del planteamiento de tres retos sucesivos, indicando contenidos y competencias trabajadas y siguiendo una metodología colaborativa. Por otra parte, establecemos una guía para el profesorado de ciencias para el diseño de sus propios breakoutedu, con la intencionalidad, a través de estas propuestas, de utilizar la motivación del alumnado para favorecer la adquisición de aprendizajes duraderos.
The relationship between lack of educational attainment, cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Division of Cardiovascular Services, Landspitali University Hospital, Iceland, The Icelandic Heart Association, Andersen Karl , Aspelund Thor ,   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, The Icelandic Heart Association, Guðmundsson Elías Freyr ,   The Icelandic Heart Association, Sigurðsson Gunnar ,   Skåne University Hospital, Sweden, Sigurðsson Sigurður ,   The Icelandic Heart Association, Björnsdóttir Guðlaug ,   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Þórsson Bolli ,   The Icelandic Heart Association, Sigurðsson Gunnar ,   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, The Icelandic Heart Association, Harðarson Þórður ,   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, The Icelandic Heart Association, Guðnason Vilmundur ,   Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, The Icelandic Heart Association
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Educational attainment is related to improved health and longevity. We investigated the relationship between educational attainment and cardiovascular risk factors, subclinical atherosclerosis, and incidence of coronary artery disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Reykjavik REFINE study is a population-based study recruiting 6616 subjects, 25-69 years of age from the greater Reykjavik area in 2005-2011. Baseline measurements of cardiovascular risk factors were performed, and all participants had a carotid ultrasound examination to detect subclinical atherosclerotic lesions. Clinical follow-up of cardiovascular disease during a ten-year period was performed. Educational attainment was related to clinical outcome measures. RESULTS: The study population comprised of 3251 men and 3365 women. The proportion of the study population with primary school education only was 20.1%, 31.2% had vocational training, 12.3% had high school education and 36.4% were university graduates. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were generally higher among subjects with primary school education only. Compared to subjects with university education, the odds ratio of having severe atherosclerotic plaque was 1.84 (95% CI 1.40-2.43) among those with primary school education only and 1.49 (95% CI 1.16-1.91) among subjects with vocational training. The subjects with high school or university education were less likely to develop significant cardiovascular disease during the 10-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Primary school and vocational training compared to university education are associated with risk factors of atherosclerotic disease, subclinical carotid plaque, and incidence of cardiovascular disease. The reason for this disparity remains to be clarified but socioeconomic inequality related to less educational attainment might be involved
Cloning and expression of gene FanC-2NT encoding K99-2NT fimbrial antigen of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from diarrheic post-weaning piglets
Authors: Loc Nguyen Hoang , Ngoc Le My Tieu , Tam Doan Thi , Quang Hoang Tan , Lan Dinh Thi Bich , Long Phung Thang
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: The K99 (F5) is one pilus adhesin that mediates the attachment of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strains to small intestines to cause to diarrhea in piglets, lambs and newborn calves. In this work, we carried out cloning and expression of the mature peptide of FanC subunit, K99 fimbriae, one of the most common adhesive antigens in E. coli. Materials and Methods: E. coli 2NT strain was isolated from fecal samples of post-weaning piglets with diarrhea. The coding sequence of the mature peptide of K99-2NT subunit was isolated by PCR amplification and cloned into pGEM®-T Easy vector for sequencing using fluorescent dideoxy-terminator method. Expression of K99-2NT protein which was inserted into pET200/D-TOPO vector induced with IPTG. The PCR product and expression level of protein was examined by agarose gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Results and Conclusions: We cloned and expressed successfully the mature peptide of K99 subunit with molecular weight of approximately 17.5 kDa from E. coli 2NT strain (named K99-2NT). Nucleotide sequence of the K99-2NT subunit coding region of fanC-2NT gene is 477 bp in length and is 99% similarity with that of fanC gene (accession no: M35282). Highest expression level occurred after 12 h of induction with 0.75 mM IPTG at 37oC. This subunit antigen will be tested for immune response of rat in the next time.
Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profiles and ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca among hospitalized patients
Authors: Chakraborty Sourav , Mohsina Kaniz , Sarker Palash Kumar , Alam Md Zahangir , Karim M Ismail Abdul , Sayem S M Abu
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca are the two most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections in humans and are of great concern for developing multidrug resistance. In the present study, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca from clinical samples were evaluated for their antibiotic sensitivity patterns against commonly used antibiotics and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Materials and Methods: The isolates were obtained from tracheal swabs, sputum, wound swabs, pus, blood and urine samples of hospitalized patients. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were identified by cultural and biochemical methods. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. ESBL production in Klebsiella spp. was confirmed by double disc synergy test.Results and Conclusion: Out of 500 clinical isolates, 120 were found positive for Klebsiella among which 108 were K. pneumoniae and 12 were K. oxytoca based on indole test. Prevalence rate of Klebsiella was found more prominent in males aged over 50 years, mostly in urine samples. Overall resistance pattern of Klebsiella isolates to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Co-trimoxazole, Gentamicin, Nalidixic acid, Tetracycline was 100%, 90%, 45%, 40%, 45%, 25%, 50%, 35% respectively. Multidrug resistance was found more common in K. pneumoniae (56%) than in K. oxytoca (50%). Prevalence rate of ESBL producing Klebsiella was found 45% among which K. pneumoniae (50%) were found more prominent than K. oxytoca (25%). All the ESBL producing Klebsiella isolates were found to be multidrug resistant, showing 100% resistance to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin. Keywords: Multi-drug resistant, Klebsiella, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.
Effect of light-emitting diodes with different color rendering indexes on the ocular tissues of rat
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Chen Wen-Yi , Lin Rong ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Qiu Ze-Ren ,   The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Chen Ya-Min ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Lin Ze-Qun ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Ke Xiu-Bin ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China, Huang Yan ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China; The Research Center for Juvenile Myopia Prevention and Control of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To compare the damage of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with different color rendering indexes (CRIs) to the ocular surface and retina of rats.
METHODS: Totally 20 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: the first group was normal control group without any intervention, other three groups were exposed by LEDs with low (LED-L), medium (LED-M), and high (LED-H) CRI respectively for 12h a day, continuously for 4wk. The changes in tear secretion (Schirmer I test, SIt), tear film break-up time (BUT), and corneal fluorescein sodium staining (CFS) scores were compared at different times (1d before experiment, 2 and 4wk after the experiment). The histopathological changes of rat lacrimal gland and retina were observed at 4wk, and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lacrimal gland were detected by immunofluorescence method.
RESULTS: With the increase of light exposed time, the CFS value of each light exposed group continued to increase, and the BUT and SIt scores continued to decrease, which were different from the control group, and the differences between the light exposed groups were statistically significant. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) results showed that the lacrimal glands of each exposed group were seen varying degrees of acinar atrophy, vacuole distribution, increasing of eosinophil granules, etc.; the retina showed obvious reduction of photoreceptor cell layer and changes in retinal thickness; LED-L group has the most significant change in all tests. Immunofluorescence suggested that the positive expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in the lacrimal glands of each exposed group were higher than those of the control group.
CONCLUSION: LED exposure for 4wk can cause the pathological changes of lacrimal gland and retina of rats, and increase the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in lacrimal gland, the degree of damage is negatively correlated with the CRI.
Clinical features, surgical outcomes and genetic analysis of ectodermal dysplasia with ocular diseases
Authors:   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Xi , Duan Bao-Ying ,   Aier Eye Hospital, Kunming 650000, Yunnan Province, China, Lin Yan-Yan ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Liu Jia ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Zhang Zong-Duan ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To report on the clinical features, surgical outcomes and gene mutation analysis of three ectodermal dysplasia probands with ocular diseases.
METHODS: A case-note review of three unrelated probands diagnosing with ectodermal dysplasia with ocular diseases was undertaken. Patient clinical features and the outcomes of surgery were analysed. The suspected pathogenic genes were analysed by whole exome sequencing from patients with ectodermal dysplasia and Sanger sequencing from family members.
RESULTS: The ocular clinical features of ectodermal dysplasia with ocular diseases mainly include eyelid ectropion, lagophthalmos and absence of lacrimal punctum. All the probands underwent surgeries of full-thickness free skin flap grafting to correct ectropion. They achieved good recovery, and there were no obvious complications during the follow-up. The gene sequencing results did not show any meaningful genetic mutations.
CONCLUSION: Lid ectropion is one of the key clinical traits of ectodermal dysplasia with ocular diseases. Ectropion correction with full-thickness free skin flap grafting is an effective procedure to correct ectropion for ectodermal dysplasia patients with ichthyosis-like tissue. The suspected pathogenic genes of ectodermal dysplasia with ectropion should be further verified or confirmed by large samples of the family.
Virtual reality training improves accommodative facility and accommodative range
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Guo Dong-Yu , Zhu Miao-Miao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Zhan Yang-Yang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Shulan Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Wang Xia-Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Xia Jian-Hua ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Jiang Bo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Gu Yang-Shun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Long Yan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To evaluate the effects of virtual reality (VR) training on different parameters of vision.
METHODS: Sixty individuals ranged 18-60 years old with asthenopia were randomly divided into short-term (n=40) and long-term (n=20) treatment groups. They were given a specially designed VR training device only once for 15min or 3-4 times a day for 15min each time for 1mo. The visual acuity, spherical equivalent, accommodative range, accommodative facility, pupil size, and visual fatigue were evaluated before (control) and after VR training.
RESULTS: The visual acuity, accommodative range, and accommodative facility increased in subjects of the short-term treatment group, whereas their pupil size contracted significantly. No significant changes in spherical equivalent and visual fatigue were observed. The changes in distant vision and corrected visual acuity were positively correlated with those in pupil size, but not with spherical equivalent. The accommodative range and accommodative facility improved significantly in subjects of the long-term treatment group. No significant changes in visual acuity, spherical equivalent, pupil size, and visual fatigue were noted.
CONCLUSION: VR training can improve the accommodative range and accommodative facility of human eyes. Although short-term VR training can transiently improve vision, which probably due to bright light adaptation, there is no evidence that it can improve myopia.
Temporal retinal thinning might be an early diagnostic indicator in male pediatric X-linked Alport syndrome
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, Zhu Rui-Lin , Gu Xiao-Peng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, Zhang Ya-Di ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, Wang Fang ,   Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, Zhang Yan-Qin ,   Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, Yang Liu ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To evaluate temporal retinal thinning changes in retinal layers using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in pediatric X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) patients.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study. SD-OCT scans of pediatric patients diagnosed with XLAS and age- and sex-matched healthy control participants were reviewed. Automated segmentation of SD-OCT scans was induced to analyze the retinal thickness (RT) of different layers. The temporal thinning index (TTI) was calculated for each layer and compared between the patients and the control group.
RESULTS: Forty-three pediatric XLAS patients and 60 healthy controls were included. Temporal retinal thinning was present in 33 patients (76.74%), while 28 patients (65.11%) had severe pathological temporal retinal thinning and 5 patients (11.63%) had moderate thinning. The temporal inner sector RT (P<0.0001), the temporal outer sector RT (P<0.0001), and the nasal outer sector RT (P=0.0211) were significantly thinner in the XLAS male patients. The TTI of the total retina was significantly higher in the XLAS group than in the control group (P<0.0001). The TTI of the inner retina layers (P<0.0001), ganglion cell layer (P<0.0001), inner plexiform layer (P<0.0001), inner nuclear layer (P<0.0001), and outer nuclear layer (P<0.0001) were significantly higher in the XLAS group. The central RT of the XLAS group was significantly thinner than that of the control group (P<0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Temporal retinal thinning appears early in XLAS patients, especially in male patients. The thinning is mainly caused by structural abnormalities of the inner retina. This suggests that temporal retinal thinning could be helpful for the early diagnosis and follow-up of XLAS with noninvasive SD-OCT examination.
Characteristic of red eye related diseases of Han and Uygur population in Urumchi compared with Shanghai, China
Authors:   Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China, Zhao Hui , Wu Shi-Nan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China, Tang Li-Ying ,   Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China, Zhang Qi ,   Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China, Zhao Chen ,   Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China, Chen Xue-Yi ,   The First Affiliated Hospital of Xin Jiang Medical University,  Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, Fu Jing ,   The First Affiliated Hospital of Xin Jiang Medical University,  Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To study the characteristics, relative distribution and to compare causes of red eye in ophthalmic clinics in Urumchi and Shanghai, China.
METHODS: Data on continuous cases of red-eye patients admitted to the Ophthalmology Center of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were collected between November 2018 and September 2019. Demographic data, the incidence of red eye and related disease distribution of all cases were obtained. The independent t-test method was used for age comparison, while the Chi-square test was used to compare classified data information.
RESULTS: The information on 335 and 415 patients with red eyes in Shanghai and Urumchi were collected, respectively. The main causes of red eye were conjunctival disease and dry eye. The age of female patients with red eyes was significantly higher than that of males, and the proportion of female patients with dry eyes was also higher. Red-eye-related diseases occurred more frequently in patients over 46 years old than in those under 18, and dry eye was more common with increasing age. The incidence of infectious conjunctivitis in Urumchi was significantly higher than that in Shanghai, and allergic conjunctivitis occurred more frequently in spring, summer, or autumn than in winter (all P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Significant differences exist in the distribution of red-eye-related diseases in Urumchi and Shanghai regions of China, and distribution varies with age and season, the latter being an important feature of allergic conjunctivitis.
Etiology, pathogenesis, and management of acute intraocular lens opacification: a systematic review
Authors:   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Momenaei Bita , Tabatabaei Seyed Ali ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Soleimani Mohammad ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Soleymanzadeh Mahdi ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Fadakar Kaveh ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Alshaheeb Ahmed ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran, Khazari Mahtab Malekpour ,   School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran, Vaseghi Yasaman ,   School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran, Cheraqpour Kasra ,   Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 33445432, Iran
Published: July 2022

Millions of cataract surgeries with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation are performed worldwide. Although cataract surgery brings many benefits to the patients, the risk of various complications is still a concern. One of the infrequent adverse events but potentially affecting on patients’ visual acuity and contrast sensitivity is losing the transparency of IOL. IOL opacification may lead to IOL removal or exchange, which is unpleasant to both the patient and the surgeon. Several reports of acute IOL clouding are available in the literature describing various etiologies of this phenomenon, however, the exact mechanism remained unclear in some cases. Herein, we aimed to review the causes and outcomes of intraoperative and early postoperative IOL opacification.
Design of an energy capture system
Authors: Sanchez-Medina Irlesa Indira , Cabrera-Medina Jaime Malqui , Medina-Rojas Ferley , Gordillo-Ramos Sergio Alexander
Published: July 2022

An investigation by the Cooperative University of Colombia [1], related to the location of telecommunications antennas in a city in Colombia is analyzed. In the same way, important elements such as radio frequency (RF) waves are present, emitted by different devices located in different communes. Then there is the possibility of designing a system that allows the collection of energy according to the radio frequency (RF) waves emitted from a city in Colombia, the above is known as energy harvesting, which basically allows a process to be carried out. capturing small amounts of energy supplied by natural sources such as light, heat and vibrations. The energy harvesting system takes advantage of the lost energies of the different electronic devices, to then capture electromagnetic waves through an antenna that collects the direct current, and in this way to be able to wirelessly charge low-power devices. With the design of the system, we proceed to verify the amount of easily acquired electronic elements, verify how much energy can be captured and determine the capacity to power small devices essential in different activities.
Subastas simultáneas de bienes idénticos mediante el mecanismo del primer precio con premio para los compradores
Authors: Flores-Zarur Karla , Olvera-Lopez William
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Estudiar, desde el punto de vista del vendedor, la manera de subastar un conjunto finito de bienes idénticos donde se otorga un cierto premio al postor que obtenga el conjunto completo de bienes, tomando en cuenta el comportamiento estratégico de los postores.
 
Metodología: Se modela la situación como un juego bayesiano considerando el espacio de estrategias de cada jugador como R+m.
 
Resultados: Se muestra un equilibrio bayesiano simétrico y se demuestra que el vendedor es indiferente entre algunas maneras de ofrecer la utilidad extra, al obtener el mismo rendimiento esperado.
 
Limitaciones: El modelo soló considera el caso de bienes idénticos.
 
Originalidad: Se encuentra la puja de equilibrio para un caso de m subastas simultáneas y n postores, bajo el mecanismo del primer precio considerando utilidad extra modeladas mediante juegos bayesianos.
 
Conclusiones: Los cambios en el rendimiento esperado del vendedor no son sensibles ante algunas maneras de otorgar el incentivo.
Social networks and inequality
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center for Theoretical and Applied Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernysh Michael F.
Published: July 2022

Contemporary social science is engaged in the active research of network organization of social life. Networking is originally regarded as a positive phenomenon, as a possibility of citizens’ self organization to solve social problems that the unwieldy state structures fail to tackle. However, as networks were becoming an element of daily life, it became evident that their widening presence might have unintended consequences. Social networks adopted new communication technologies and thereby created new challenges for modern societies. These challenges were made obvious in economy where the principle of networking failed to contribute to greater equality in life standards and norms of economic activity in developed and developing countries. Networking underlying modern economies led to growing disparity between the elites, using fully the advantages of globalization, and the rest of the population. Social networks created an environment that became fertile ground for the revival of archaic values and practices, ethnocentrism closed to the rest of the world. Social networks are actively used by both private and state agents to collect data on citizens without violating existing laws. It is necessary to have a balanced view on networks with an awareness of their consequences for society and individuals.
Gender Diversity in Indian society: Identity distinction between Hijra and Transgender
Authors:   University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Hasan Laskar Mahmudul
Published: July 2022

Ethnomethodological explanation of the social construction of gender highlighted the natural attitude of society towards binary gender categories (men-women); gender groups other than men and women are socially and culturally rejected. Gender in everyday life is a kind of displaying appearances and behaviour in the forms of masculinity and femininity. Gender is also described as the performanceof individuals in their everyday life. The binary gender system (men-women) is perceived as normal or socially acceptable because of the “natural attitude” (preconceived notion regarding gender) regarding certain fixed social roles and behaviour of men and women. The paper has examined how the social construction of gender contradicts gender diversity. There are four gender categories in Indian society: Men, women, transgender and third gender (Hijra). It has shown the distinction between transgender and third gender identity in Indian society. Hijra is a native third gender category in India, thatstructurally contradicted the compulsory binary gender system but transgender or transsexuals arein favour of fluidity of sexual orientation or sexual preferences.
Online protest communities on VKontakte: clustering of users and typological features
Authors:   Scientific Center for Social and Economic Monitoring, Ushkin Sergey G. , Sapon Irina V. ,   Scientific Center for Social and Economic Monitoring
Published: July 2022

This article analyzes the protest groups on the VKontakte.Using the VKontakte API, we collected an open data of 608.2 thousand user profilesin September 2021.Various data were collected such as gender, age, place of residence, network activity, number of subscribers, political views and value orientations. There were several stages of the study. First, we selected communities relevant to the subject of our research. At the second stage, we collected information from the profiles of members of these communities (563.6 thousand unique profiles). At the third stage, we identified three main clusters based on the engagement of people in protest communities. At the fourth stage, we described a portrait of users of protest communities for each of the three clusters. At the fifth stage, using the logistic regression method, we checked how various variables affect belonging to the third, most «strong» cluster. Based on the results of the analysis, we concluded that users who are members of several protest groups at the same time are exposed to greater information pressure, which increases their chances of moving on to real protest actions.Moreover, such users are more likely than others to launch mechanisms of «social infection» with protest ideas themselves, since they themselves are active commentators and have higher than average values in terms of the number of subscribers compared to users in other clusters. Acknowledgements. The reported study was funded by RFBR and EISR according to the research project № 21-011-32247 «Russian online protest communities: characteristics and features».
Existential modes and their role in the modern perception of death
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Drokova Elena M.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The perception of death is inextricably linked with subjective experience, the feeling of the inevitability of this phenomenon. Theoretical analysis. Existential modes, such as fright, despair, fear, anxiety, actively studied in the corresponding philosophical trend, are the main aspects that determine this or that view on death in the context of personal experience of the phenomenon of the finiteness of human existence. Modern reality makes its own adjustments to every phenomenon of human existence, however, the attitude towards death results from the influence of existential modes, formed by the emerging philosophy of existentialism, but perceived through the prism of the given of the 21st century. The purpose of this scientific work is to identify the structures and mechanisms of the influence of existential experiences on the perception of the phenomenon of death in the context of complex data of modern reality. To achieve this goal, materials of existential philosophy were used, primarily the works of the Danish philosopher Seren Kierkegaard. The concept of despair, which is important for this thinker, has a clear correlation with the psychological health of a modern person, in addition, the feeling of despair expresses an attitude towards one’s own death. Conclusion. The novelty of this work consists in identifying the dependence of aspects of existential philosophy in the formation of the perception of death in the modern world.
E. V. Ilyenkov and the struggle for genuine Marxism: Philosophical freethinking in the later USSR
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhel Dmitry V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The article deals with the life and philosophical work of the Soviet Marxist philosopher E.V. Ilyenkov. It emphasizes the importance of a thoughtful return to his philosophical ideas. Theoretical analysis. Based on selected texts by Ilyenkov and with reference to contemporary studies of his work, three subjects are examined: the philosopher’s struggle to preserve Marx’s ideas within Soviet philosophy, his ideas about the fate of socialism in the USSR, and his attitude toward the West and the influence of Western philosophical ideas on Soviet society. Ilyenkov is shown as a bearer of a different type of thinking, which is a challenge for contemporary philosophical culture. He associated his struggle for Marxism with the need to reform the party-ideological system through the return to authentic ideas of Marx and Lenin. He saw the future of socialism in the USSR in the transition from “rough communism” to a state of complete liberation of a man from the power of private property. He perceived the West as the soulless power of private property, and modern trends of Western thought as forms of its apology. Conclusions. It is concluded that Ilyenkov’s philosophical freethinking remained Marxist quixotry within the framework of Soviet reality.
Plato’s «soteriology» in the context of classical yoga
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (Bryansk of Branch of Ranera), Pozdnyakov Sergey N.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. In the article, the connection between the «soteriological» aspects of philosophy of Plato and the principles of classical yoga presented in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali is considered in the framework of the comparative methodology. The aim of the study is to establish conceptual parallels in the approaches of Plato and classical yoga to solving the issue of the form of the highest spiritual realization of a person. Theoretical analysis. The most common points of the contact of Plato with classical yoga in the form of a system of eight practical principles of working with the human body and psyche are presented by analogy with the eight-step yoga of Patanjali. The practice of maintaining the physical and mental health of a person, continuous nature of this practice, internal and external purity, self-control, subordination of the senses, maintaining mental peace and balance, eliminating ignorance and the practice of meditation constitute the semantic core of Plato’s «yoga system». The main position of this system is the meditative practice of achieving a higher state of consciousness. Conclusions. The practice of meditation in Plato is realized gradually and ends with the same soteriological result as the mastery of the «internal» means of yoga in the Patanjali system. The deep and complex connection between psychotechnics, philosophy and religious wisdom in the studied systems is emphasized. The study of this relationship is an important direction in modern philosophical and religious comparative studies.
Empirical model of youth social activity
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shamionov Rail M.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Studies of the social activity of young people allow us to find out the main trends of the real interest of young people in certain areas of social reality, to assess its potential for social development. Theoretical analysis. Today, a wealth of empirical material has been accumulated regarding its manifestations, factors and consequences, which requires generalization. The purpose of this study is to develop an empirical model of social activity of an individual. Results. A model of social activity of young people is presented, taking into account the conditions of their socialization, factors, situational characteristics of the present that determine the implementation of activity in a real or virtual environment, commitment and implementation of activity in mono- or multidirectional forms, personal, socio-psychological and social effects. The model includes a block of the structure of social activity built on the basis of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a block of external factors, a block of individual-personal factors and a block of personal effects of activity. Empirical data confirming the main elements of the model and the connections between its various components are presented. Conclusions. It is concluded that social activity can be considered as a complex socio-psychological phenomenon, representing the effect of interaction of functional-dynamic, personal, subjective, socio-psychological and socio-cultural characteristics in a specific situation of human life in specific socio-historical circumstances of social development.
Analysis of the problems of socio-pedagogical support to families raising a child with disabilities
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Kruglova Elena E.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. This article presents the results of the content analysis of dissertation research by Russian and foreign scientists devoted to the socio-pedagogical support of families raising a child with disabilities. The problems of raising children with disabilities are considered; the actual problems of interaction between a child, parents and an educational institution are described. Theoretical analysis. The article describes the methodology of the problem of accompanying the family of a child with disabilities. Socio-pedagogical support based on culturological and axiological approaches is considered. The author identifies the main directions for accompanying the family of a child with disabilities from the beginning of the XIX century to the present in Russia and foreign countries. Common problems that occur most often are highlighted. Conclusions are formulated about the need for socio-pedagogical support of parents and self-improvement of their psychological and pedagogical competence. A comparative analysis of the problems of support in Russia and abroad is given. Conclusions. It is revealed that successfully organized socio-pedagogical support of parents of a child with disabilities in the conditions of interaction between school and family contributes to the improvement of socio-pedagogical competence of parents; creation of conditions for constructive interaction and communication of subjects of support; optimization of relationships in the family; development of the ability to accept, understand and trust each other, and be able to realize the importance of family attention and upbringing.
Continuing education as an important component of the modern education system
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Education Development, Osokin Igor V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Constant socio-economic and political transformations in the Russian Federation are reflected in all spheres of human society. Within the framework of universal competition, qualified labor based on modern scientific knowledge, concepts and achievements is the main resource and value. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that recently the designated problem has received increased attention, both from the state education system and from employers. The issue of developing a system of continuing professional education focused on training a specialist capable of ensuring progress in his industry becomes significant. The rapid development of the modern labor market requires a new type of the employee with versatile knowledge, excellent special training, active lifestyle, willingness to adapt to new situations, develop and improve their level. All this indicates that education should be continuous, focused on advanced training of his broad knowledge. Theoretical analysis. The article discusses theoretical approaches to the definition of continuing education, describes its current state, and also defines the role of this phenomenon in the life of a person of our time. Conclusions. In conclusion, the purpose of continuing education in modern conditions, its individualization and personification are presented.
Do survey responses in manufacturing fluctuate with business cycle?
Authors: Tomczyk Emilia
Published: July 2022

As we are entering a post-SARS-CoV-2 slump in the economic activity, up-to-date analysis of the dynamics of economic phenomena during expansion and contraction phases of business cycles poses a very current and very important research problem for applied economists. In this paper, literature on dating Polish business cycles is briefly summarised, chronology of expansion and contraction phases is proposed on the basis of turning points established in previous research, and statistical properties of observed and expected changes in 8 fields of economic activity are presented and interpreted. It is found that during contraction phases, absolute values of balance statistics are both lower, as measured by mean and median, and less volatile, as measured by standard deviation, than during expansion phases. This finding suggests that, in hard times, enterprises are less likely to form opinions or expectations much different from the consensus. As far as the depth of the downturns is concerned, the contractions associated with the financial crisis of 2008–2009 and the second half of 2012 appear worse, both with respect to observed and expected changes, than the slowdown of 2000–2002. Generally, excessive volatility (high-standard deviations, as compared to measures of central tendency) is noted in expansion phases, more often for observed changes than in the case of forecasts. Lower uncertainty is visible in contraction phases, particularly the one associated with the financial crisis of 2008–2009. The results presented in this paper allow to suggest that the observed and expected balance statistics of survey responses exhibit different statistical properties depending on the phase of the business cycle. This finding could assist future research concerning the impact of the SARSCoV- 2 virus on the dynamics of economic activity.
Impact of Government Spending and Corruption on Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia
Authors: Syukri Adya Utami , Hasanuddin Basri , Paddu Abdul Hamid , Suhab Sultan
Published: July 2022

Investment is a critical macroeconomic variable for economic growth and development in any country. As a developing country with the fourth largest population in the world, Indonesia is also dependent on investment coming in from both home and abroad. A good investment climate is one of the solutions in overcoming economic problems so that foreign investors can invest in Indonesia. Obviously, various factors influence investors' willingness to invest in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of government spending, corruption, economic growth and wages on foreign direct investment in Indonesia. The study uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple linear regression analysis for the research period 2000-2020. The results show that the variables of government spending, corruption and economic growth have positive and significant impact on foreign direct investment, while the variable of salary has negative and significant impact on foreign direct investment. The Indonesian government needs to reduce the level of corruption and wage level to attract investors.
Influence of Various Levels of Phosphorus and Sulphur on Growth and Yield of Blackgram in Vylogam Soil Series (Typic Rhodustalf)
Authors: Gayathri P. , Pandian P. Saravana
Published: July 2022

Background: In India pulses have been considered as the poor man’s only source of protein. Blackgram is one of the important pulse crops grown throughout the country. Balanced and site-specific nutrient management is essential to improve the productivity of blackgram. Effective use of phosphorus and sulphur fertilizers requires knowledge about their interaction effect on other nutrients and releasing pattern. The information on combined effect of phosphorus and sulphur on availability of nutrients, yield and uptake of blackgram is rather limited in Tamil Nadu. Keeping in mind the above information a field trial was conducted to study the interaction effect of phosphorus and sulphur on improving the growth and productivity of blackgram. Methods: The field experiment was carried out in Madurai district, during Kharif season 2017. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications having 25 treatment combinations viz. five levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 applied through Di ammonium phosphate) as factor A and five levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 kg S per ha-1 applied through elemental sulphur) as factor B. The growth and yield parameters were recorded as per standard procedures. Result: Experimental results revealed that the application of P2O5 upto 60 kg ha-1 and increasing levels of sulphur upto 40 kg ha-1 proved to be the best in improving the growth and yield characters of blackgram. Higher dose of phosphorus and sulphur did not increase the parameters further and showed a negative impact. Thus, interaction of phosphorus and sulphur exhibited a strong synergistic relationship at P60S40 kg ha-1 on growth and yield of blackgram (variety VBN 4) with grain yield of (1118 kg ha-1) and halum yield of (1683 kg ha-1) in Vylogam soil series (Typic Rhodustalf) of Madurai District.