bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND PENETRATION TESTING OF ETHOSOME AZELAIC ACID ON ABDOMINAL SKIN WHITE MALE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) WITH FRANZ DIFFUSION CELL
Authors: Nurleni Novi , Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah , Aulia Ahmad
Published: April 2018

Objective: Development of transdermal drug delivery systems has several advantages, especially drugs to have a poor penetration of stratum corneum in the skin. Azelaic acid has been proven bactericidal and bacteriostatic to acnes bacteria (Propionibacterium acnes). Azelaic acid products in market as cream and gel can only penetration in stratum corneum about 4% of the dosage used. Thus, it is necessary to increase the penetration of azelaic acid to formulate into a carrier system such as ethosome.Methods: Manufacture of suspension ethosom azelaic acid using thin layer hydration method or classical method. Suspension ethosom of azelaic acid to obtained subsequent freeze dried before formulated in cream preparation. After that, the penetration test for ethosom cream and non ethosom cream of azelaic acid with Franz Diffusion Cell.Results: Optimization formulation ethosom of azelaic acid with variations concentration of ethanol 30%, 35% and 40%. Ethosome with 35% ethanol had entrapment efficiency higher than 30% and 40% ethanol as 94.48±0.14% and had smaller particle size 179.3±2.23 nm. Penetration test for ethosome cream and non-ethosome cream of azelaic acid showed that cumulative amount was 1334.074±27.086 μg/cm2 h and 491.032±3.935 μg/cm2 h.Conclusion: Ethosome cream of azelaic acid has better penetration capabilities than non-ethosom cream of azelaic acid.
EFFECT OF INSULIN ON LPS-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN MOUSE COLON SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS IN VITRO
Authors: Al-dwairi Ahmed , Al-shboul Othman , Alqudah Mohammad , G Mustafa Ayman , A Alfaqih Mahmoud
Published: April 2018

Objective: The aim of the research is to determine the effect of supraphysiological doses of insulin on mouse colon smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in vitro.Methods: Freshly isolated CSMCs from BALBc mice were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and treated with various doses of insulin (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 nM) for 48 h, with/without lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 1 ug/mL) to induce inflammation. The levels of IL-1α and TNF-α in the cell homogenates and conditioned media were measured using ELISA.Results: Insulin alone (1, 5, 10, and 20 nM) did not elicit a significant change in the expression or secretion of IL-1α or TNF-α form CSMCs; however, insulin (10 and 20 nM) significantly (p<0.05) increased the expression and secretion (~1.3–1.6-fold) of both IL-1α and TNF-α from CSMCs in the presence of inflammatory stimulus LPS when compared to LPS alone.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of hyperinsulinemia on CSMC inflammation and its potential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during obesity. Measures that prevent obesity may protect against the development of IBD since the worldwide incidence of both obesity and IBD is increasing in a parallel fashion.
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS - A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES
Authors: Sulochana Sonti , V Subhashini , Srinivasan Chitra
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study was a prospective analysis of hematological changes in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The objectives of this study are (1) to study the changes in different parameters of hemogram in association of sputum-positive pulmonary TB, (2) to evaluate the disease severity and patient infectivity, (3) to determine the most common type and severity of anemia in pulmonary TB patients, and (4) to count platelets in pulmonary TB patients. TB is an important communicable disease in the world and is a major public health problem in India. Hematogical abnormalities associated with TB have been completely investigated in the literature though it is a common condition in India.Methods: A total of 150 patients of acid-fast bacilli-positive cases were included, and disseminated TB, childhood TB, and patients receiving anti-TB drugs were excluded from this study.Results: Among the 150 patients, anemia was observed in 116 cases, normocytic normchromic and microcytic hypochromic picture, leukocytosis in 68 patients, thrombocytosis in 50 patients, thrombocytopenia in 5 patients, and ESR levels were elevated in more than 82% of patients.Conclusion: A complete hemogram has been demonstrated in patients with acid-fast bacilli-positive cases in the present study. Since there was a paucity of literature in the hematological changes associated with TB, this study aimed at reinforcing the fact that they can be valuable tools in monitoring pulmonary TB.
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND YOGA ON BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: P Premalatha , C Kanniammal , G Valli , Mahendra Jaydeep
Published: April 2018

Objective: The principal aim of the study is to identify the effect of physical exercise and yoga on blood pressure (BP) among children, a common cardiovascular risk factor among children in recent years. Methods: A true experimental design was adopted to find the effect of physical exercise and yoga on selected children with increased BP and weight. The weight was inferred based on the World Health Organization (WHO) chart on body mass index for age. BP and height were measured and interpreted using the WHO height percentile chart for boys/girls and BP references of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, to identify hypertensive children. Hypertensive children were given physical exercise and yoga, 5 days a week, for 6 months and control group led a normal lives. Results: In the pretest, 100% of the study and control group were prehypertensive. After 3 months of physical exercise and yoga, 21% of study group became normotensive which was significant at p=0.000 and it increased to 93% after 6 months with the significance of p=0.000. The weight and systolic BP (SBP) had a significant positive correlation. The age (p=0.001), number of family members, type of family (p=0.01), mother’s occupation, family history of obesity, and chronic illness among fathers (p=0.05) had a significant association with SBP of the children. Conclusion: The study concluded that physical exercise and yoga reduced childhood hypertension as well as is a cost effective and easily practicable intervention for children to minimize cardiovascular risk during their adulthood.
PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ELDERLY RESIDING IN SLUMS OF WEST
Authors: Gonmei Zaozianlungliu , Dwivedi Supriya , Singh Toteja Gurudayal , Singh Karuna , Kishore Vikram Naval
Published: April 2018

Objective: The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of hypertension among elderly in slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 202 elderly residing in urban slums of West Delhi. Hypertension was classified as per JNC VII criteria. Blood pressure was measured twice using digital machine (OMRON) after an interval of 5 min. The data obtained were analyzed for percent prevalence, mean, standard deviation, and median.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 49.1%; higher among male (56.0%) than female (41.9%). The prevalence of Stage I, Stage II, and isolated systolic hypertension was 30.7%, 18.8%, and 47%, respectively.Conclusion: Almost half of the elderly population in slums was hypertensive. Periodical health checkup and management through treatment and dietary and lifestyle modification is needed.
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SENNA SURATTENSIS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: Thilagam Ellappan , Chidambaram Kumarappan , Mandal Subhash Chandra
Published: April 2018

Objective: Senna surattensis is a shrub plant which has been known for its diverse biological and pharmacological properties. This study is aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extracts of S. surattensis (EESS) leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of a single dose of alloxan (120 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups; normal control, diabetic control, diabetic EESS (200 mg/kg body weight (bw), diabetic EESS (400 mg/kg bw), and diabetic glibenclamide (5 mg/kg bw). Extracts were treated concurrently for 21 days. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged for estimation of fasting blood glucose (FBG), bw, serum biomarkers, lipid profile, total protein, albumin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) contents.Results: The increase in FBG, bw, liver biomarkers serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, free fatty acid, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total protein, albumin, and HbA1C content were recorded in diabetic control rats. Daily oral administration of EESS treatment significantly (p<0.01) reverted the levels of serum biomarkers and enzymes activities to near normal values. A similar reduction was produced in FBG after 21 days of extract administration which compared significantly (p<0.01) with the control group and glibenclamide treated groups.Conclusion: The results suggest that EESS has anti-diabetic activity in diabetic rats, thereby justifying its traditional claim and augmenting it into the present system of medicine.
EFFECT OF ASHWAGANDHA ON PHARMACOKINETIC AND PHARMACODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF GLIMEPIRIDE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: B Nagaraj , C Veeresham
Published: April 2018

Objective: The present investigation is aimed to determine the effect of ashwagandha (AG) on pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of glimepiride (GP) in diabetic rats. Simultaneously, the effect was also studied in normal rats.Methods: Diabetes in rats was induced by streptozotocin. The PK parameters are calculated in normal and diabetic rats. PD studies were performed in diabetic rats only.Results: From the PK results, 2.26-folds of improvement in the oral bioavailability of GP in normal rats were observed when treated with GP in a combination of AG and which is statistically significant (p<0.001). In case of diabetic rats, the oral bioavailability (3.42-folds) of GP was significantly increased when coadministered with AG and was higher (about 33.5%) than the normal rats. Further, the rate of clearance and also the volume of distribution significantly changed in diabetic rats. The blood glucose levels were significantly reduced in GP and AG treated (6.15% reduction) compared to GP alone (5.45% reduction) treated diabetic rats during a period of 24 h were noticed from PD studies. The maximum reduction was observed at 6 h (55.46%) when compared with standard GP treatment (46.06%) in case of GP and AG combination treatment.Conclusion: Therefore, the results suggestive that, the AG might be advantageous as an adjuvant to GP in an appropriate quantity, and also the dose of GP may need to be adjusted to avoid any complications.
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF CURCUMA LONGA AND ALOE VERA FOR THEIR POTENTIAL ANTICANCER EFFECTS
Authors: Tripathi Parul , Sabir Siddiqui Saad , Sharma Anju , Johri Parul , Singh Aditi
Published: April 2018

Objective: In this paper, docking study is presented to use these phytocompounds for their prospective role in various types of cancers.Methods: A group of the different set of phytocompounds (aloesin, barbaloin, curcumin, and emodin) were taken and docked into the active sites of Topoisomerase I, a 91-kDa monomer (having 765 amino acids), is encoded by a single copy gene (Top 1) located on chromosome 20q12–13.2 using Autodock4 Software. The docking studies of the selected proteins were also docked to study the anticancerous property of the selected phytocompounds.Result: These studies were based on binding energy, docking energy and other relevant scores that revealed emodin could be the potential lead molecule for the inhibition of signal potent for different types of cancer. Furthermore, the important residues for potential drug target were identified.Conclusion: This paper is an initial step toward a rational design of novel selective and potent phytocompounds inhibitors for the treatment of deadly disease cancer.
IN SILICO MOLECULAR MODELING AND DOCKING STUDIES OF HERBAL COMPOUND MEDIATED INHIBITION OF Κβ KINASEβ (INHIBITOR OF Κβ KINASE SUBUNIT β) FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS TREATMENT
Authors: Subramani Baskaran
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study was intended to investigate and characterize the phytoconstituents of plant herbs and inhibitors, evaluate its anti-osteoarthritis (OA) and anti-inflammatory potential under in silico conditions.Methods: Docking studies were performed to find out the maximum interaction between design ligands and selected five proteins using Schrodinger Software NY. Structures of selected proteins were downloaded from protein data bank.Results: Morin, salubrinal, icariin, and chondroitin sulfate, and sesamol have higher binding energy than other compounds. Based on these properties out of 9 compounds we have selected 5 best-docked and compounds selected were molecular dynamics simulation with inhibitor of κβ kinase subunit (IKK) β. Arg20, Leu21, Thr23, Lys44, Glu61, Glu97, Cys99, Lys106, Asp145, Asn150, andAsp166 were actively involved in H-bond interaction with ligands. Each compound has different binding modes, which reflects the difference of interacting residues with different functional groups. Morin has better interaction than other compounds. Either Cys99 or Lys44 found predominantly in most of the complex except in β-ecdysterone whereas both found interacting with morin.Conclusion: The results revealed out that the herbal compounds can inhibit the IKKβ protein. The virtual screening yielded five potential IKKβ inhibitors: Morin, salubrinal, icariin, and chondroitin sulfate, and sesamol. This inhibitor shows good interaction, energy, and pharmacophoric activity and will be suitable for further experiments of an anti-OA target.
DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND GALLIC ACID CONTENT IN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PUNICA GRANATUM L. LEAF
Authors: P Sreedevi , K Vijayalakshmi
Published: April 2018

Objective: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum leaf (EPGL) that belongs to the family of Punicaceae and determine its gallic acid (GA) content using chromatography method.Methods: Six complementary test systems, namely, 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (SO), nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging, and reducing power activities were analyzed for determining antioxidant activity of EPGL. The simple and novel chromatography techniques such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for the detection and quantification of GA in EPGL.Results: IC50 values of EPGL were found to be 136 μg/ml for DPPH, 88.5 μg/ml for H2O2, 16.8 μg/ml for SO, 96.5 μg/ml for NO, and 143 μg/ml for OH. The ascorbic acid (AA) and GA were used as standard compounds. The absorbance of EPGL in reducing power assay was found to be 0.18 at 100 μg/ ml, while AA and GA absorbance was found to be 0.24 and 0.4 at the same concentration. The amount of GA in EPGL was found to be 1.189 mg/g.Conclusion: These findings suggested that EPGL could be a potential source of natural antioxidant, and HPLC method used for the determination of GA is simple, precise, accurate, and suitable for routine analysis of GA in EPGL.
THE EFFECT OF MATERNAL ANEMIA ON THE ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN FULLTERM NEONATES
Authors: Al-hajjiah Nasma N , A Almkhadree Mohammed
Published: April 2018

Objective: The current study was performed to understand the effect of maternal anemia and its severity on anthropometric measurement of full-term neonates.Methods: In this study, 254 pregnant women were involved in this study. The women with anemia were classified depending on the hemoglobin concentration into three groups of mild (10.9–9.0 g/dl), moderate (8.9–7.0 g/dl), and severe anemia (˂7.0 g/dl). The anthropometric measurements of the newborns were measured including birth weight, length, and head and chest circumference. Mothers with chronic diseases, preterm neonates, postdate neonates, neonates with congenital anomalies, or critical illnesses had been excluded from the study.Results: A total of 147 (58%) mothers had normal hemoglobin levels, and 107 (42%) mothers were anemic. The newborns were 123 males and 131 females. From the anemic mothers, 59 (55%) neonates had low weight, and 48 (45%) neonates had normal weight. In mothers with mild anemia (n=83), 40 (48%) neonates had low weight. In mothers with moderate anemia (n=21), 16 (76%) neonates had low weight. In mothers with severe anemia (n=3), all of their neonates had low weight. The current study revealed a statistically significant difference (p=0.002) in the anthropometric measurement of the full-term neonates between anemic and non-anemic mothers. There was also a statistically significant difference (p=0.001) in the anthropometric measurement of the full-termed neonates between severely and mildly anemic mothers.Conclusion: The current study shows that maternal anemia affects the anthropometric measurements of newly delivered full-term neonates. Neonates born to anemic mothers had low birth weight and shorter length than those in neonates who were born to non-anemic mothers.
Nematoides gastrintestinais na ovinocultura de corte sob regime de pastejo
Authors: Roberto Francisca Fernanda da Silva , Difante Gelson dos Santos , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves
Published: April 2018

Sheep breeding is practiced in practically all the continents, the wide diffusion of the species is due mainly to its power of adaptation. Due to geoclimatic factors, tropical and subtropical countries stand out and settle in the agricultural scenario, and Brazil does not become an exception in this market. Brazil, because it has a considerable part of the herd produced in pasture, which is one of the economic and practical ways of producing and offering bulky ruminants, is one of the main meat producers at one of the lowest production costs. Tropical and subtropical climates, in addition to favoring optimal conditions for the production and development of agricultural and livestock sectors, such as pasture and ruminant farming, also provide favorable conditions for the development and survival of gastrointestinal nematodes. Negative performance of the animals, especially the sheep. Gastrointestinal nematodes, when uncontrolled, can cause 30 to 40% losses in animal performance, especially in the development of young animals and reproductive matrices that are the most sensitive categories, and which are closely related to the growth of the stock. The main nematodes that affect the small ruminants and of greater economic importance for the exploitation of sheep are: Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus axei, both located in the abomasum; Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Strongyloides papillousus, Cooperia sp. and Bunostomum trigonocephalum, in the small intestine and Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichuris ovis, T. globulosa and Skrjabinema sp., in the large intestine. Morphophysiological characteristics of forage plants such as foliar structure, habit of growth and green mass production, associated to climatic factors, may be factors that influence the permanence of the different stages of free life of the gastrointestinal nematodes in the environment, pastures that do not provide lightning in the lower stratum of the clumps and soils, provide shading and humidity and may potentiate the reinfection of the animals.
The Document as Music. Exploring the musicality of verbatim material in performance
Authors: David Roesner  , Bella Merlin
Published: April 2018

During a four-week fellowship at the LMU Munich in 2016, Bella Merlin (UC Riverside, USA) and David Roesner (Theatre Studies, LMU Munich) investigated the relationship between original interview material and its (musical) staging. In particular, they explored the ethics and aesthetics that musicalisation might present in relation to the speech patterns, vocal inflections and rhythms of their interview partners from across three generations in three different countries. In this article they will draw conclusions from their working process, which address questions about verbatim theatre and musicality beyond their particular study.
SHALLOW WATERS INTERFERENCE PATTERN FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Chaves Antonio Hugo Saroldi , Pessek Kleber , Guimarães Luiz Gallisa , Parente Carlos Eduardo
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT. Studies in shallow waters pointed out that the acoustic wave interference patterns have potential application in a broad range of problems in underwater acoustics such as: passive sonar, active sonar, array processing, time-reverse mirrors and geoacoustic inversion. For shallow waters underwater sound waveguides, the main features of this research is interference pattern or “striations” obtained by means of Frequency-time or Frequency-distance spectrograms. This work aims to characterize these interference pattern or striations related to “invariant” parameter β. The theory is developed based on real underwater waveguide. The present results confirm that the parameter β is frequency dependent and at high frequencies it tends to the unity. In another words, far from the waveguide cut-off frequency the present real waveguides could be treated by an ideal waveguide. Besides, in this approximation it is possible to make source-receiver passive distance predictions based on the related interference pattern.Keywords: underwater acoustic, waveguide, interference pattern.RESUMO. Estudos em águas rasas apontam que os padrões de interferência de ondas acústicas têm aplicação potencial em uma ampla gama de problemas de acústica submarina, tais como: sonar passivo, sonar ativo, processamento de arrays, espelhos de reversão temporal e inversão geoacústica. O foco principal desta pesquisa é o padrão de interferência ou estrias obtidas por meio de espectrogramas e gráficos no plano de Frequências e Distâncias. Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar estes padrões de interferência ou estrias com o parâmetro invariante β. A teoria é desenvolvida com base em um guia de onda real. Os resultados deste estudo confirmam que o parâmetro β é dependente da frequência e, em altas frequências, tende à unidade. Em outras palavras, longe da frequência de corte, o comportamento do guia de onda real é semelhante ao guia de onda ideal. Além disso, nesta aproximação, é possível fazer previsões de distância passiva entre o receptor e a fonte com base no padrão de interferência.Palavras-chave: acústica submarina, guia de ondas, padrão de interferência.
COMBINED USE OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SURFACE WAVES FOR SHALLOW SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION IN NOISY URBAN AREA OF SÃO PAULO CITY, BRAZIL
Authors: Eikmeier Claus Naves , Prado Renato Luiz , Taioli Fabio
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT. The dynamic shear modulus (Gdin) is important for geotechnical engineering, particularly for calculating the dynamic response of foundations. Gdin is determined from material densities and S-wave propagation velocity (VS). Usually, crosshole test is used for such determination. However, it is an expensive and invasive technique because it is based on drilling. The MASW method (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) becomes an interesting option for being faster, more economical and easier to carry out. This paper presents results obtained with MASW method in a densely built up area with high traffic noise level in São Paulo city, Brazil. Results are compared with those obtained by crosshole test as well as geotechnical sounding data. The influence of some acquisition parameters was evaluated in data quality and final inversion result. Besides, it was also tested the passive mode test that is recording ambient noise. Best results were obtained by joint inversion of fundamental and higher curve modes extracted from stacked images generated from data acquired employing sledgehammer and passive sources. Final VS models were coherent with results obtained from crosshole seismic testing and mechanical sounding description, demonstrating MASWmethod can generate important information for geological and geotechnical investigation of urban areas. Keywords: MASW, seismic, Rayleigh wave, velocity profile, dispersion curve.RESUMO. O módulo de cisalhamento dinâmico (Gdin) é importante para a engenharia geotécnica, particularmente nos cálculos de fundações sujeitas a esforços dinâmicos. O Gdin é determinado a partir das densidades dos materiais e das velocidades de propagação das ondas S (VS). Normalmente se utiliza o ensaio crosshole, ensaio sísmico entre poços, para tal determinação, porém, trata-se de uma aquisição de execução dispendiosa. Este trabalho apresenta resultados obtidos com o método MASW em uma área densamente edificada e com alto nível de ruído de tráfego na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, que são comparados com os obtidos por ensaio crosshole, assim como com dados de sondagem direta. Avaliou-se, também, a influência de alguns parâmetros de aquisição na qualidade do dado e no resultado final da inversão. Testou-se ainda a aquisição de dados no modo passivo, ou seja, registrando-se o ruído ambiental. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizando-se inversão conjunta dos modos fundamental e superiores das curvas extraídas do empilhamento das imagens de dispersão dos dados gerados com as fontes marreta e passiva. Os modelos de VS obtidos foram coerentes com os resultados obtidos do ensaio sísmico crosshole e da descrição da sondagem mecânica, demonstrando que o método MASW pode gerar importantes informações para investigações geológicas e geotécnicas de áreas urbanas. Palavras-chave: MASW, sísmica, onda Rayleigh, perfil de velocidades, curva de dispersão.
Comparative Advantage in Indian Economy: 1990-2014
Authors: Fathipour Gholamreza , Gaikwad Pratibha S.
Published: April 2018

The most countries try to improve their advantage towards goods with high range of demand and sustainable trade such as industrial goods and merchandise. India embarked on the path of globalization in the early 1990s with the objective to attain a higher growth profile. This question can be brought up in which goods India has have comparative adventage. The aim of this study is to analyze comparative advantages of Indian's exports commodities during of post liberalsation in 1990-2014. The well-known index for determining trade advantage is revealed comparative advantage (RCA) by Balasa. The findings by Indiaâ€™s RCA in exports showed India has gained comparative advantage in a number of agriculture sector such as Food items, Textiles, Leather and other Manufactures.
Characterization of matrix classes involving some sets of sequences of fuzzy numbers
Authors: Dutta Hemen , Gogoi Jyotishmaan
Published: April 2018

In 1996, M. Stojakovic and Z. Stojakovic examined the convergence of a
sequence of fuzzy numbers via Zadeh?s Extension Principle, which is quite
difficult for practical use. In this paper, we utilize the notion ?-level
sets to deal with convergence and summable related notions and adopted a
relatively new approach to characterize matrix classes involving some sets
of single sequences of fuzzy numbers. The approach is expected to be useful
in dealing with characterization of several other matrix classes involving
different kinds of sets of sequences of fuzzy numbers, single or multiple
On a solvable class of product-type systems of difference equations
Authors: Stevic Stevo , Iricanin Bratislav , Smarda Zdenk
Published: April 2018

It is shown that the following class of systems of difference equations zn+1 =
?zanwbn, wn+1 = ?wcnzdn-2, n ? N0, where a,b,c,d ? Z, ?, ?, z-2,
z-1, z0,w0 ? C \ {0}, is solvable, continuing our investigation of
classification of solvable product-type systems with two dependent
variables. We present closed form formulas for solutions to the systems in
all the cases. In the main case, when bd ? 0, a detailed investigation of
the form of the solutions is presented in terms of the zeros of an
associated polynomial whose coefficients depend on some of the parameters of
the system.
The fixed point property of the smallest open neighborhood of the n-dimensional Khalimsky topological space
Authors: Han Sang-Eon
Published: April 2018

The paper aims to propose the fixed point property(FPP for short) of smallest
open neighborhoods of the n-dimensional Khalimsky space and further, the FPP
of a Khalimsky (K-, for short) retract. Let (X, knX) be an n-dimensional
Khalimsky topological space induced by the n-dimensional Khalimsky space
denoted by (Zn, kn). Although not every connected Khalimsky topological
space (X, knX) has the FPP, we prove that for every point x 2 Zn the
smallest open K-topological neighborhood of x, denoted by SNK(x) ? (Zn,kn),
has the FPP. Besides, the present paper also studies the almost fixed point
property (AFPP, for brevity) of a K-topological space. In this paper all
spaces (X,knX):= X are assumed to be connected and ?X? ? 2.
Topological properties of a pair of relation-based approximation operators
Authors: Zhang Yan-Lan , Li Chang-Qing
Published: April 2018

Rough set theory is an important tool for data mining. Lower and upper
approximation operators are two important basic concepts in the rough set
theory. The classical Pawlak rough approximation operators are based on
equivalence relations and have been extended to relation-based generalized
rough approximation operators. This paper presents topological properties of
a pair of relation-based generalized rough approximation operators. A
topology is induced by the pair of generalized rough approximation operators
from an inverse serial relation. Then, connectedness, countability,
separation property and Lindel?f property of the topological space are
discussed. The results are not only beneficial to obtain more properties of
the pair of approximation operators, but also have theoretical and actual
significance to general topology.
The αAB-, βAB-, γab- and NAB-duals for sequence spaces
Authors: Foroutannia D. , Roopaei H.
Published: April 2018

Let A = (an,k) and B = (bn,k) be two infinite matrices with real entries. The
main purpose of this paper is to generalize the multiplier space for
introducing the concepts of ?AB-, ?AB-, ?AB-duals and NAB-duals. Moreover,
these duals are investigated for the sequence spaces X and X(A), where X ?
{c0, c, lp} for 1 ? p ? ?. The other purpose of the present study is to
introduce the sequence spaces X(A,?) = {x=(xk): (?x?k=1 an,kXk - ?x?k=1 an-1,kXk)? n=1 ? X}, where X ? {l1,c,c0}, and computing the NAB-(or Null) duals and ?AB-duals for these spaces.
An inequality for warped product semi-invariant submanifolds of a normal paracontact metric manifold
Authors: Atçeken Mehmet , Dirik Süleyman , Yıldırım Ümit
Published: April 2018

The aim of this paper is to study the warped product semi-invariant
submanifolds in a normal paracontact metric space form. We obtain some
characterization and new geometric obstructions for the warped product type
M? xf MT. We establish a general inequality among the trace of the induced
tensor, laplace operator, the squared norms of the second fundamental form
and warping function. These inequalities are discussed and we obtain some
new results.
Behavior of the solutions of a partial differential equation with a piecewise constant argument
Authors: Bereketoglu Huseyin , Lafci Mehtap
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we consider a partial differential equation with a piecewise
constant argument. We study existence and uniqueness of the solutions of
this equation. We also investigate oscillation, instability and stability of
the solutions.
Stochastic Volterra integro-differential equations driven by a fractional Brownian motion with delayed impulses
Authors: Zhou Xia , Liu Xinzhi , Zhong Shouming
Published: April 2018

In this paper, the problem of existence of mild solutions for a stochastic
Volterra integrodifferential equation with delayed impulses and driven by a
fractional Brownian motion (Hurst parameter H ? (1/2,1)) is
investigated. Here, we assume that the delayed impulses are linear and
impulsive transients depend on not only their current but also historical
states of the system. Utilizing the fixed point theorem combine with
fractional power of operators and the semi-group theory, sufficient conditions
that guarantee the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for such
equation are obtained. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed results.
Appetite, Glycemia, and Entero-Insular Hormone Responses Differ Between Oral, Gastric-Remnant, and Duodenal Administration of a Mixed-Meal Test After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Gero Daniel , Steinert Robert E. , Hosa Hanna , Cummings David E. , Bueter Marco
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effect of different feeding routes on appetite and metabolic responses after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A standard liquid meal was administered either orally, into the gastric remnant, or intraduodenally 6 months after RYGB. Changes in plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), peptide YY (PYY), and appetite were measured pre- and postprandially.

RESULTS

Postprandial GLP-1 and PYY responses were similar, whereas glucose, insulin, and GIP levels differed markedly after oral versus intraduodenal feeding. Intraduodenal feeding prompted an intermediate appetite response (i.e., between oral and intragastric). For postprandial glucose, insulin, and GIP levels, the intraduodenal route was more similar to the intragastric than the oral route. Intragastric administration did not evoke changes in appetite, glucose, or insulin; however, it slightly increased GLP-1 and PYY and moderately increased GIP.

CONCLUSIONS

Appetite and metabolic responses after RYGB depend on the route by which nutrients enter the gastrointestinal tract.
No tempo livre das escolas ocupadas: subversões do presentismo pelo ativismo jovem
Authors: Leite Miriam , Araújo Nayara
Published: April 2018

A frequente proposição do presentismo como característica marcante da juventude na contemporaneidade foi frontalmente desafiada pelas narrativas de jovens ativistas do movimento de ocupação de escolas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, registradas em pesquisa acadêmica que focalizou a diferença e a desigualdade na educação escolar das pessoas jovens. Apresenta-se a síntese da problematização das enunciações relativas ao tempo identificadas nessas narrativas, desenvolvida com base em leituras sobre a desconstrução, em Jacques Derrida, articuladas a contribuições de Leonor Arfuch, sobre a entrevista no trabalho acadêmico, e à proposta da escola como skholé , o espaço do tempo livre, por Jan Masschelein e Marten Simons. Dialoga-se com o historiador François Hartog e com a estudiosa das relações da juventude com o tempo, Carmen Leccardi, para abordar o presentismo, concluindo pela potência criativa do movimento em tela, que nos ensina a sonhar com o futuro mesmo quando não sabemos se o teremos.
O espaço-tempo escolar como elemento curricular
Authors: Peçanha Valéria , De Souza Luiz
Published: April 2018

Resenha da obra: VIÑAO FRAGO, Antonio; ESCOLANO, Agustín. Currículo, espaço e subjetividade: a arquitetura como programa . Tradução: Alfredo Veiga-Neto. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2001. 152 p.
Bibliografia comentada sobre educação, espaço, tempo
Authors: Novakowski Lutiane , Saraiva Karla
Published: April 2018

Apresenta um conjunto de referências bibliográficas relacionado ao tema educação, espaço, tempo.
O lugar da educação literária nas novas orientações curriculares: uma reflexão sobre os caminhos de Portugal e do Brasil
Authors: Fritzen Celdon
Published: April 2018

Este artigo discute comparativamente a formação do leitor literário nos currículos da educação básica de Portugal e do Brasil e quais estratégias podem ser identificadas nas diretrizes curriculares desses países, a fim de formar um leitor de literatura. Observa que há a introdução recente da educação literária nos documentos portugueses, enquanto, no Brasil, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) a diluem no domínio da leitura. Em ambos os currículos, a noção de gênero preside a aprendizagem, embora em Portugal tal noção seja contrabalançada pela noção de texto complexo, que valoriza o texto literário e evita sua diluição no conteúdo das práticas de leitura e escrita.
Acesso e democratização do ensino superior com a Lei nº 12.711/12: O câmpus de Londrina da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR)
Authors: Guerrini Daniel , Piconi Larissa Bassi , Sturion Leonardo , Da Mata Ednei Aparecido Dias
Published: April 2018

Este artigo analisa o ingresso de estudantes nos cursos da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Londrina, no ano de 2015, com base nas mudanças implementadas pela Lei de Cotas (Lei Federal nº 12.711/2012).  Essa lei tornou obrigatória a reserva de vagas para alunos egressos de escolas públicas, de baixa renda e autodeclarados pretos, pardos ou indígenas (PPI) nas instituições federais de ensino superior e técnico, constituindo-se como medida compensatória diante dos efeitos dos privilégios sociais e da desigualdade nas condições de acesso ao ensino superior. Investiga o preenchimento das vagas reservadas na instituição mencionada para identificar em que medida as ações afirmativas têm cumprido os propósitos para os quais foram pensadas. Foram coletadas as notas de entrada dos alunos em 2015, buscando suas medidas de centralidade estatística, comparando cotistas com não cotistas e os diferentes cursos entre si. Analisa, ainda, a relação entre reserva de vaga e seu preenchimento nas quatro categorias de cotistas e no grupo de não cotistas. Observa-se que o prestígio dos cursos é um fator relevante para o aumento das medianas das notas de entrada dos estudantes e também que a categoria de cotas para pessoas de baixa renda tem colocado entraves para o preenchimento de suas vagas.
Depression and anxiety in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Chan Cynthia Yan-yan
Published: April 2018

Axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a spectrum of chronic inflammatory rheumatologic diseases commonly presenting with symptoms of inflammatory back pain, peripheral joint pain, and fatigue. When compared to the general population, patients with SpA have higher prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms. Poor psychological status is associated with worse disease activity, poorer functional status, poor treatment adherence, and unhealthy lifestyle choices such as cigarette smoking. The Chinese-bilingual Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a validated tool to screen depression and anxiety in patients with axial SpA. The cytokine theory of depression may explain emerging evidence on the mutually beneficial effects of antidepressants on disease outcomes and anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) therapy on psychological status.
Minat Siswa Dalam Kurikulum Muatan Lokal
Authors: -- Sumiyati
Published: April 2018

This research is a survey research, which aim to know what is the relationship between motivation and lerning condition with learning interest of student local content at junior high school in West Jakarta. There are three research hypothesis, first is there is a positive relation between motivation with learning interest of student local content, second is there is a positive relation between learning condition with learning interest of student local content, and third is there is a positive relation between motivation and learning condition with learning interest of student local content. This subject research is student of junior high school in West Jakarta enlisted in the year lesson 2009/2010 with the sample amount 55 people. Technique of data collecting performed is use questionnaire. Based of the result analysis data and solution obtained that Fhit is more than Ftable or 4,66 more than 3,18. It means that there is a positive relation between motivation and learning condition with learning interest of student local content.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian survei ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara motivasi dan kondisi belajar dengan minat belajar muatan lokal siswa SMP di Jakarta Timur. Hipotesis penelitian ini ada tiga yaitu, pertama terdapat hubungan positif antara motivasi dengan minat belajar muatan lokal siswa, kedua terdapat hubungan positif antara kondisi belajar dengan minat belajar muatan lokal siswa, dan ketiga terdapat hubungan positif antara motivasi dan kondisi belajar dengan minat belajar muatan lokal siswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP di Jakarta Timur yang terdaftar dalam tahun ajaran 2009/2010, dengan jumlah sampel 55 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan angket. Dari hasil analisis data dan pembahasan diperoleh bahwa F hitung > dari F tabel atau 4,66 lebih besar dari 3,18 artinya terdapat hubungan positif antara motivasi belajar dan kondisi belajar dengan minat belajar muatan lokal siswa.Â
Kajian Kebutuhan Peningkatan Kompetensi Mengajar Guru
Authors: -- Mahdiansyah
Published: April 2018

This study aims to identify the objective read of the school needs objectively which can be taken into account in determining policy intervention through educational planning. The specific aims of the study are to obtain information on: a) teacher characteristics perceived as determinants of teacher quality b) teacher quality which focuses on their competence in teaching and learning process and need assessment of teacher training. Findings of the study show that there are many teachers whose educational backgrounds did not match with the subject they teach (mismatch). This is especially true in the case of private junior and senior secondary school teachers. There was a concern on the mastery of primary school teachers in the subjects they teach. At the junior and senior secondary levels most of the teachers had the mastery in most parts of the subjects they teach. Attempts to improve teacher professionalism were conducted through training. However, more than two fifth of teachers did not participate in any training. Training on how to develop curriculum and tests were needed by most of Islamic primary, junior secondary and senior secondary teachers who had non-teaching qualification background.Â ABSTRAKTujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi obyektif kebutuhan sekolah, yang dapat dijadikan dasar dalam menentukan intervensi kebijakan melalui perencanaan program pendidikan. Secara khusus studi ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui: (a) karakteristik guru yang dipandang sebagai determinan kualitas guru, dan (b) kualitas guru yang difokuskan pada kompetensi guru dalam proses belajar mengajar dan identifikasi kebutuhan pelatihannya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang guru banyak yang tidak sesuai dengan mata pelajaran yang diajarkan (mismatch), terutama guru SMP/MTs dan SMA/SMK/MA yang berasal dari sekolah swasta. Penguasaan guru SD/MI terhadap materi pelajaran yang menjadi tanggung jawabnya masih memprihatinkan. Namun, guru SMP/MTs dan SMA/SMK/MA sudah menguasai sebagian besar materi mata pelajaran. Upaya untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dilakukan melalui kegiatan pelatihan, meskipun lebih dari dua perlima guru tidak pernah mengikuti penataran/pelatihan. Pelatihan tentang pengembagan kurikulum dan penyusunan tes dibutuhkan hampir oleh semua guru, terutama guru MI, MTs dan MA serta guru yang berlatar belakang pendidikan nonkeguruan.
Portofolio demi Sertifikasi Guru, Harapan atau Impian
Authors: M.Ed Subijanto
Published: April 2018

A professional teacher is a yearned-for personnel in terms of creating qualified human resource for the Indonesian development. The government accomplished he yearning by the program of teacher certification that is aimed at specifying teacher appropriateness to become a teaching agent, increasing the quality of education success and teachers status, promote teachers professionalism and prosperity. In order to get a certificate the teacher has to possess academic qualification at least of bachelor or fourth diploma degree and has competency to realize the national education goal. In order to get the certificate the teacher has to pass the certification test as shown by various documents in the set of portfolio. Many people are skeptical towards the certification accomplishment because of the practices of corruption activities for the purpose of obtaining a piece of magical certificate that should be used to get the increase of teacher quality and income. This article is to spotlight numerous difficulties and barriers faced by the teachers in fulfilling the demands of portfolio so that the teacher certificate could become an aspiration that would be accomplished or on the contrary it would be nothing other than a dream because of the impossibility to fulfill the certification demands.Â ABSTRAKGuru profesional menjadi dambaan bangsa karena akan menjadi pencipta sumber daya manusia berkualitas demi tersedianya tenaga pembangun berkualitas bagi bangsa Indonesia. Pemerintah mewujudkan dambaan itu melalui program sertifikasi guru yang bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan guru sebagai agen pembelajaran, meningkatkan mutu hasil pendidikan dan martabat guru, serta meningkatkan profesionalitas guru dan kesejahteraannya. Untuk mendapatkan sertifikasi itu guru harus memiliki kualifikasi akademik minimum sarjana atau diploma empat dan kompetensi mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan nasional. Demi mendapatkan sertifikasi itu guru harus lulus dalam uji sertifikasi yang dibuktikan dengan berbagai dokumen dalam berkas portofolio. Banyak pihak bersikap skeptis terhadap pelaksanaan sertifikasi karena kuatir terjadinya praktik-praktik KKN demi selembar sertifikat sakti menuju peningkatan kualitas dan pendapatan guru. Tulisan ini menyorotkan berbagai kesulitan dan kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam memenuhi tuntutan portofolio sehingga sertifikasi guru dapat menjadi suatu harapan yang bakal terpenuhi atau sebaliknya merupakan impian semata karena kemustahilan memenuhi tuntutan sertifikasi.Â