bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid uptake with a large-field CZT gamma camera: feasibility and comparison between SPECT/CT and planar acquisitions
Authors: Serrano Benjamin , Amblard Régis , Beaumont Tiffany , Hugonnet Florent , Dietz Matthieu , Berthier Frédéric , Garnier Nicolas , Villeneuve Rémy , Nataf Valérie , Mocquot François , Montemagno Christopher , Faraggi Marc , Paulmier Benoît
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a large field Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) camera to estimate thyroid uptake (TU) on single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images with and without attenuation correction (Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC) compared with Planar acquisition in a series of 23 consecutive patients. The secondary objective was to determine radiation doses for the tracer administration and for the additional Computed Tomography (CT) scan.

Methods

Cross-calibration factors were determined using a thyroid phantom, for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images. Then Planar and SPECT/CT acquisitions centered on the thyroid were performed on 5 anthropomorphic phantoms with activity ranging from 0.4 to 10 MBq, and 23 patients after administration of 79.2 ± 3.7 MBq of [99mTc]-pertechnetate. We estimated the absolute thyroid activity (AThA) for the anthropomorphic phantoms and the TU for the patients. Radiation dose was also determined using International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reports and VirtualDoseTMCT software.

Results

Cross-calibration factors were 66.2 ± 4.9, 60.7 ± 0.7 and 26.5 ± 0.3 counts/(MBq s), respectively, for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images. Theoretical and estimated AThA for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images were statistically highly correlated (r < 0.99; P < 10–4) and the average of the relative percentage difference between theoretical and estimated AThA were (8.6 ± 17.8), (− 1.3 ± 5.2) and (12.8 ± 5.7) %, respectively. Comparisons between TU based on different pairs of images (Planar vs Tomo-AC, Planar vs Tomo-NoAC and Tomo-AC vs Tomo-NoAC) showed statistically significant correlation (r = 0.972, 0.961 and 0.935, respectively; P < 10–3). Effective and thyroid absorbed doses were, respectively (0.34CT + 0.95NM) mSv, and (3.88CT + 1.74NM) mGy.

Conclusion

AThA estimation using Planar and SPECT/CT acquisitions on a new generation of CZT large-field cameras is feasible. In addition, TU on SPECT/CT was as accurate as conventional planar acquisition, but the CT induced additional thyroid exposure.

Trial registration Name of the registry: Thyroid Uptake Quantification on a New Generation of Gamma Camera (QUANTHYC). Trial number: NCT05049551. Registered September 20, 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05049551?cntry=MC&draw=2&rank=4.
Machine learning for cognitive behavioral analysis: datasets, methods, paradigms, and research directions
Authors: Bhatt Priya , Sethi Amanrose , Tasgaonkar Vaibhav , Shroff Jugal , Pendharkar Isha , Desai Aditya , Sinha Pratyush , Deshpande Aditya , Joshi Gargi , Rahate Anil , Jain Priyanka , Walambe Rahee , Kotecha Ketan , Jain N. K.
Published: July 2023

Human behaviour reflects cognitive abilities. Human cognition is fundamentally linked to the different experiences or characteristics of consciousness/emotions, such as joy, grief, anger, etc., which assists in effective communication with others. Detection and differentiation between thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are paramount in learning to control our emotions and respond more effectively in stressful circumstances. The ability to perceive, analyse, process, interpret, remember, and retrieve information while making judgments to respond correctly is referred to as Cognitive Behavior. After making a significant mark in emotion analysis, deception detection is one of the key areas to connect human behaviour, mainly in the forensic domain. Detection of lies, deception, malicious intent, abnormal behaviour, emotions, stress, etc., have significant roles in advanced stages of behavioral science. Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning (AI/ML) has helped a great deal in pattern recognition, data extraction and analysis, and interpretations. The goal of using AI and ML in behavioral sciences is to infer human behaviour, mainly for mental health or forensic investigations. The presented work provides an extensive review of the research on cognitive behaviour analysis. A parametric study is presented based on different physical characteristics, emotional behaviours, data collection sensing mechanisms, unimodal and multimodal datasets, modelling AI/ML methods, challenges, and future research directions.
Elevated HMGB1 promotes the malignant progression and contributes to cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ma Ying , Feng Qin , Han Bateer , Yu Rong , Jin Zhiyong
Published: July 2023

Background

HMGB1 (high mobility group box B-1) exhibits crucial role in tumor genesis and development, including lung cancer. Whereas, more HMGB1-related details in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still largely unclear.

Methods

The HMGB1 and inflammatory factors in malignant (MPE) and non-malignant pleural effusion (BPE) were determined by ELISA. Additionally, qRT-PCR, western blot, or immunohistochemistry were used to determine HMGB1, drug-resistant and apoptotic proteins’ expressions in NSCLC A549, A549-DDP cell lines, and xenograft model. Cell viability, migration/ invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed using MTT, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively.

Results

Inflammatory factors and HMGB1 expressions in MPE were significantly higher than BPE of NSCLC. Compared with preoperative and adjacent tissues, significantly higher HMGB1, drug-resistant protein, and anti-apoptotic protein expressions were observed in recurrent tissues. Overexpressed HMGB1 induced NSCLC cells to exhibit stronger aggressive, proliferative, and drug-resistant features. The related abilities were reversed when HMGB1 was interfered. Overexpressed HMGB1 showed a similar co-localization with drug resistant protein P-gp in cytoplasm in xenograft model, while low HMGB1 expression localized in cell nucleus.

Conclusions

HMGB1 overexpression significantly promoted the malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.
Robust antibody response after the third mRNA coronavirus vaccination in Japanese hemodialysis patients
Authors: Miyazaki Ryoichi , Miyagi Kyoko , Yoshida Misaki , Suzuki Yasunori , Hibino Shinya
Published: July 2023

Background

Hemodialysis patients have chronic kidney disease, are often elderly, and have many complications such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiac disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, hemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 are prone to severe disease. Vaccination is the most promising means of preventing the onset and reducing the severity of COVID-19. However, many reports have found that anti-spike antibody titers after two doses of mRNA vaccine are lower in hemodialysis patients than in healthy controls. For this reason, a third vaccination is recommended for hemodialysis patients. In Japan, there are several reports of a third vaccination, especially for hemodialysis patients. In this study, we also examined the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese hemodialysis patients who received the third dose of the vaccine.

Methods

Study participants received a third vaccination (257 with BNT162b2 vaccine and 5 with mRNA-1273 vaccine) approximately 7–9 months after the second (BNT162b2 vaccine). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers were measured (Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quan) in 185 hemodialysis patients and 109 healthcare workers approximately 2 weeks after the second vaccination and in 162 hemodialysis patients and 100 healthcare workers approximately 2 weeks after the third.

Results

Following the second vaccination, 97.6% of the hemodialysis group and 100% of the control group were positive for the anti-spike antibody. The median level of the anti-spike antibody was 2728.7 AU/mL (IQR, 1024.2–7688.2 AU/mL) in the hemodialysis group and 10,500 AU/ml (IQR, 9346.1–2,4500 AU/mL) in the controls. Following the third vaccination, 99.4% of the hemodialysis group (only one person tested negative for the antibody) and 100% of the control group were positive for the anti-spike antibody. The median level of the anti-spike antibody was 20,000 AU/mL (IQR, 7729–37,000 AU/mL) in the hemodialysis group and 21,500 AU/ml (IQR, 14,000–32,250 AU/mL) in the control group. The factors involved in the low response to the BNT152b2 vaccine after the second vaccination included old age, low BMI, low Cr index, low nPCR, low GNRI, low lymphocyte count, steroid administration, and complications related to blood disorders. However, in hemodialysis patients, the response after the third vaccination was excellent, and all factors associated with the suppressed response to these vaccines were no longer significant.

Conclusions

The humoral response of hemodialysis patients to two doses of mRNA vaccine was weaker than that of healthy controls. However, a third vaccination eliminated that difference.
Tim Ingold and Object-Oriented Anthropology
Authors: Pinho Thiago
Published: July 2023

Tim Ingold, while extending the radical undertaking of vitalism, with its Nietzschean matrix, puts the decentering undertaken by this philosophical tradition on a more solid foundation, opening up a new space of interobjective relations. Instead of an epistemic plunge into human categories, the goal is to move towards a broader ontological space, including other sites of meaning, such as chairs, spirits, animals, baskets, and many others. Unlike more classical anthropology, with its well-delimited Anthropos as an inevitable transcendental horizon, Ingold suggests a world where humans are not protagonists, but rather provisional negotiators within a large mesh of subjectless experiences. The model proposed in this essay distances itself from the plane of (neo)-Kantian speculation, converting its contours into something less orthodox by making room for a possible Object-Oriented Anthropology (O.O.A).
A bZIP transcription factor GhVIP1 increased drought tolerance in upland cotton
Authors: Zhao Pei , Xu Yuewei , Chen Wei , Sang Xiaohui , Zhao Yunlei , Wang Hongmei
Published: July 2023

Background

Cotton is extremely affected by severe natural stresses. Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stress that adversely influences cotton growth, productivity, and fiber quality. Previous studies indicate that basic leucine-zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are involved in the response of plants to various stresses. However, the molecular function and regulatory mechanism of GhVIP1 in response to drought stress are still unknown.

Results

In this research, GhVIP1 was cloned from a drought-tolerant variety. Expression of GhVIP1 was up-regulated in response to multiple abiotic stresses, especially under drought stress. And GhVIP1 was highly expressed in the root, stem, and 10 days post-anthesis ovule. Inhibiting the expression of GhVIP1 in cotton using the virus-induced gene silencing method resulted in higher electrical conductivity in leaves, but lower water content under drought stress compared with the WT plant. Overexpression of GhVIP1 in Arabidopsis enhanced plant drought tolerance through increasing the seed germination rate and improving the development of root. The exogenous expression of GhVIP1 up-regulated the transcription of genes associated with drought response and proline biosynthesis during drought stress in Arabidopsis.

Conclusion

In summary, these results indicated that GhVIP1 played a positive role in plants' response to drought stress. The use of GhVIP1 via modern biotechnology might facilitate the improvement of drought tolerance in cotton cultivars.
System-level feedbacks of active fire regimes in large landscapes
Authors: Povak Nicholas A. , Hessburg Paul F. , Salter R. Brion , Gray Robert W. , Prichard Susan J.
Published: July 2023

Background

Climate is a main driver of fire regimes, but recurrent fires provide stabilizing feedbacks at several spatial scales that can limit fire spread and severity—potentially contributing to a form of self-regulation. Evaluating the strength of these feedbacks in wildland systems is difficult given the spatial and temporal scales of observation required. Here, we used the REBURN model to directly examine the relative strengths of top-down and bottom-up drivers of fire over a 3000-year simulation period, within a 275,000-ha conifer-dominated landscape in north central Washington State, USA.

Results

We found strong support for top-down and bottom-up spatial and temporal controls on fire patterns. Fire weather was a main driver of large fire occurrence, but area burned was moderated by ignition frequencies and by areas of limited fuels and fuel contagion (i.e., fire fences). Landscapes comprised of >40% area in fire fences rarely experienced large fire years. When large fires did occur during the simulation period, a recovery time of 100–300 years or more was generally required to recover pre-fire vegetation patterns.

Conclusions

Simulations showed that interactions between fire weather, fuel contagion, topography, and ignitions manifest variability in fire size and severity patch size distributions. Burned and recovering vegetation mosaics provided functional stabilizing feedbacks, a kind ofmetastability, which limited future fire size and severity, even under extreme weather conditions. REBURN can be applied to new geographic and physiographic landscapes to simulate these interactions and to represent natural and culturally influenced fire regimes in historical, current, or future climatic settings.
regeneration factors expressed on myeloid expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis tadpoles
Authors: Deguchi Momoko , Fukazawa Taro , Kubo Takeo
Published: July 2023

Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate whole tails after amputation. We have previously reported that interleukin 11 (il11) is required for tail regeneration. In this study, we have screened for genes that support tail regeneration under Il11 signaling in a certain cell type and have identified the previously uncharacterized genes Xetrov90002578m.L and Xetrov90002579m.S [referred to hereafter as regeneration factors expressed on myeloid.L (rfem.L) and rfem.S]. Knockdown (KD) of rfem.L and rfem.S causes defects of tail regeneration, indicating that rfem.L and/or rfem.S are required for tail regeneration. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that rfem.L and rfem.S are expressed in a subset of leukocytes with a macrophage-like gene expression profile. KD of colony-stimulating factor 1 (csf1), which is essential for macrophage differentiation and survival, reduced rfem.L and rfem.S expression levels and the number of rfem.L- and rfem.S-expressing cells in the regeneration bud. Furthermore, forced expression of rfem.L under control of the mpeg1 promoter, which drives rfem.L in macrophage-like cells, rescues rfem.L and rfem.S KD-induced tail regeneration defects. Our findings suggest that rfem.L or rfem.S expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration.
The Impact of Organizational Boundaries on Health Care Coordination and Utilization
Authors: Agha Leila , Ericson Keith Marzilli , Zhao Xiaoxi
Published: July 2023

We measure organizational concentration—the distribution of a patient’s health care across organizations—to examine how firm boundaries affect health care efficiency. First, when patients move to regions where outpatient visits are typically concentrated within a small set of firms, their health care utilization falls. Second, for patients whose primary care providers (PCPs) exit the market, switching to a PCP with 1 standard deviation higher organizational concentration reduces utilization by 21 percent. This finding is robust to controlling for the spread of health care across providers. Increases in organizational concentration predict improvements in diabetes care and are not associated with greater use of emergency department or inpatient care. (JEL D22, D23, D24, I11, J14, R32)
Immigrant Integration in the United States: The Role of Adult English Language Training
Authors: Heller Blake H. , Mumma Kirsten Slungaard
Published: July 2023

The ability to speak and understand a host country’s primary language is strongly associated with measures of immigrant integration. We estimate the causal effects of English language training for adult immigrants on participants’ civic and economic outcomes using randomized enrollment lotteries from a public adult education program in Massachusetts. Participation doubles voter participation and increases annual earnings by $2,400 (56 percent). Increased tax revenue from earnings gains cover program costs over time, generating a 6 percent return for taxpayers. Ours is the first randomized evaluation of adult English language training as a standalone intervention in the United States. (JEL D72, H75, I21, I26, J15, J24, J31)
Fractional spinal anesthesia and systemic hemodynamics in frail elderly hip fracture patients
Authors: Olsen Fredrik , Hård af Segerstad Mathias , Dalla Keti , Ricksten Sven-Erik , Nellgård Bengt
Published: July 2023

Background: Systemic haemodynamic effects of intrathecal anaesthesia in an aging and frail population has not been well investigated. We examined the systemic haemodynamics of fractional spinal anaesthesia following intermittent microdosing of a local anaesthetic and an opioid.

Methods: We included 15 patients aged over 65 with significant comorbidities, planned for hip fracture repair. Patients received a spinal catheter and cardiac output monitoring using the LiDCOplus system. All measurements were performed prior to start of surgery. Invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), heart rate and stroke volume index (SVI) were registered. Two doses of bupivacaine 2.25 mg and fentanyl 15 µg were administered with 25-minute intervals. Hypotension was defined as a fall in MAP by >30% or a MAP <65 mmHg.

Results: The incidence of hypotension was 30%. Hypotensive patients (n=5) were treated with low doses of norepinephrine (0.01-0.12 µg/kg/min). MAP showed a maximum reduction of 17% at 10 minutes following the first dose. CI, systemic vascular resistance index and stroke volume index decreased by 10%, 6%, and 7%, respectively, while heart rate was unchanged over time. After the second dose, none of the systemic haemodynamic variables were affected.

Conclusions: Fractional spinal anaesthesia administered prior to surgery induced a minor to moderate fall in MAP, mainly caused by a reduction in cardiac output, induced by systemic venodilation, causing a fall in venous return. Our results are contrary to the widely held belief that hypotension is mainly the result of a reduction of systemic vascular resistance.
Weed science research achievements on maize in Ethiopia: a review
Authors: Negewo Takele , Dechassa Nagassa , Fufa Amare , Bidira Tigist
Published: July 2023

Recent research into assessing and combatting maize weeds was reviewed based on scientific and working reports from the year 2011 onwards in Ethiopia. This review paper covered two main topics: assessment of major weed types and their impacts, and research results of weed management in the maize cropping system of the country. More than 80 major weed floras dominated by broad leaved weeds were found infesting maize fields in different localities. By competing, toxifying and/or parasitizing maize plants, they reduce the crop germination, growth and productivity. Several experiments indicated that maize yield loss due to uncontrolled weed growth varied from 35 to 87.5%, indicating that weed management is a critical factor for maize production in the country. Hoeing, hand weeding and pre-emergence herbicides application have been the most frequently used weed control practices to minimize the competition effect of weeds. So far, there has been no effective and sustainable individual weed control method for maize fields. Thus, future research should focus on developing integrated weed management that effectively reduce weed infestation and associated impacts, and improve productivity of the crop considering socio-economic condition of a specific maize producing agro-ecology of the country.
Encounters with the Hidden Imam in Early and Pre-Modern Twelver Shīʿī Islam by Omid Ghaemmaghami, Leiden/Boston: Brill 2020, 276. €130.00
Authors: ERDOĞDU BAŞARAN Reyhan
Published: July 2023

First Paragraph: Encounters with the Hidden Imam in Early and Pre-Modern Twelver Shīʿī Islam by Omid Ghaemmaghami is aimed to analyze the accounts addressing the possibility of seeing, recognizing, or coming into contact with the Hidden Imam during the ghaybah [occultation]. The central belief of the Imāmī Shīʿīs is that the son of Ḥasan al-ʿAskarī, the twelfth and final Imam disappeared in 260/874 and has since been shrouded in concealment. This process of ghaybah includes the two periods of Minor Occultation (al-ghaybah al-ṣughrá) and Major Occultation (al-ghaybah al-kubrá). Imāmī traditional data reveal it to be possible for the Hidden Imam to be seen, recognized, or encountered during the first occultation period beginning with the death of the eleventh imām, Ḥasan al-ʿAskarī, and concluding with the death of Alī ibn Muḥammad al-Samurī (d. 329/941), the fourth and the final emissary (safīr) of the Hidden Imām. When the early and premodern Imāmī literature is thoroughly examined, the question of contact with the Hidden Imām during the second ghaybah yet appears to be puzzling. In this book, Ghaemmaghami emphasizes the absence of narratives in the early Shīʿī authoritative texts that would have evidenced one’s communication with the Hidden Imām during the Major Occultation.
Islamic Classical Theism and the Prospect of Strong Artificial Intelligence
Authors: DOKO Enis
Published: July 2023

This article investigates the compatibility of strong artificial intelligence (AI) with classical theism, particularly within the Islamic tradition. By examining the functionalist view of mental states, we argue that a Muslim who accepts classical theism should be open to the possibility of AI that possesses genuine mental states. We present two arguments to support this claim: one that challenges substance dualism and another that assumes dualism. Both arguments demonstrate that mental states can arise in at least two different substances, which implies functionalism. As a result, the development of strong AI would not be surprising from an Islamic perspective, and its creation might even provide corroborative evidence for classical theism. This article thus provides a philosophical foundation for the existence of conscious and intelligent machines and their potential compatibility with Islamic beliefs.
Adaptation of a Young Teacher to Professional Activities
Authors: Vinogradova N. , Grabuzdova Yu. , Davydova K. , Durova N.
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the issue of professional adaptation of young teachers, how exactly to socialize a young teacher in a team, establish relationships with students and parents, deal with conflict situations and succeed in educational activities. This article serves as a tool for reviewing and analyzing the opinions of students of pedagogical universities about the risks and benefits of the work of a young teacher. The purpose of the study: to identify the opinions of representatives of student youth, who are students of the pedagogical direction, in Moscow, on the adaptation of a young teacher to professional activities. The results of the focus group analysis made it possible to identify the main systems of ideas about the effective development of practical skills in a young teacher. They were active interaction with children and accumulated work experience. The participants noted that for the positive effect of learning, the “gamification” of the lesson is important, which implies an entertaining form of the lesson and the inclusion of interesting innovations. It was concluded that a young teacher often becomes a hostage to the subjective opinion of a more experienced teacher, but, on a par with this, such a concept as mentoring is also acceptable. The problem of relationships and mutual understanding on the part of the student, parent or team has led to a series of discussions about exactly how gossip about the incompetence of a young teacher is born and for what reason there are difficulties with such social adaptation. Only the teacher himself can dispel stereotypes, guided by ethics, norms of justice, knowledge, skills and despite the difficulties.
Psychological safety of a teacher in the conditions of digital transformation of science and education
Authors: Antonovskiy Aleksandr , Bysyuk Anna
Published: July 2023

The article considers the issues of psychological safety of a teacher in the conditions of digital transformation of science and education. In the educational environment, the psychological security of a teacher's personality can be considered as a state of psychological social security, which ensures her professional and personal integrity as a subject of professional and pedagogical activity with the possibility of development and disclosure of resources in terms of information interaction with the social environment. The existing external circumstances caused by the digitalization of education can act as factors for reducing the psychological safety and professional confidence of a teacher in such positions as: the need to transfer, due to the requirements of information reality, previously acquired knowledge, skills, first of all, the skills of pedagogical work from a pre–digital environment to a digital one; mastering previously unused methods of conducting professional pedagogical activity; the experience of a teacher as a subject of work of new conditions of professional and pedagogical activity associated with the search for new meanings in work. The reduced level of psychological safety of teachers, due to the need to use digital technologies in professional and pedagogical activities, may be associated psychoemotionally with the presence in their own minds of some deterministic pedagogical fears: fear of information incompetence, fear of professional uselessness, fear of pedagogical failure. Difficulties of professional adaptation and psychological safety of teachers can be solved by mandatory professional development in such areas as possession of information and communication technologies, management of the adaptation process of students in the electronic information and educational environment of an educational organization, management and control of independent work of students in the information environment, etc. The use of digital educational practices and traditional models of pedagogical work mutually enrich the professional activity of a teacher and increase the psychological safety of the educational environment as a whole. The potential of psychological safety of a teacher can be considered as a key, systemic characteristic of a teacher's personality, ensuring the success and productivity of his activities, the actualization of his professional and personal resources for building a psychologically safe educational environment for education participants.
PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF EMPLOYEES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE PSYCHOTRAUFUL IMPACT OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY: MAIN MANIFESTATIONS AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Kryzhevskaya Natal'ya , Zhikriveckaya Yuliya , Vasilenko Elena
Published: July 2023

The article attempts to study the features of the manifestation of professional burnout of police officers and the factors influencing its occurrence and course. Based on the analysis of scientific papers on the problem of burnout, the main directions in the study of this phenomenon, as well as problematic issues that require further research, are identified. Conclusions are drawn about the need for a more detailed study of the determinants of professional burnout, due both to the extreme conditions of the professional activity of the subjects, and their individual characteristics associated with manifestations of neuropsychic stability, adaptive potential and the development of typological personality characteristics. To conduct the study, a set of diagnostic methods was selected and tested, aimed at identifying professional burnout and describing its symptoms, as well as factors influencing the occurrence/absence of burnout in the activities of employees of the organization. The respondents were 80 employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Stavropol Territory. Based on the analysis of the empirical data obtained in the course of the study, conclusions were drawn about the relationship between the manifestation of the syndrome of professional burnout and the individual typological properties of the personality, as well as with the subjects' subjective perception of their professional activity as psychotraumatic, associated both with personal achievements and with opportunities for professional growth and leading to a decrease in adaptive potential and serious personal changes. The results obtained during the study were used to build a program of psychological measures aimed at reducing the level of professional burnout and increasing the adaptive capacity of police officers
The influence of the main strategies overcoming stress on professional activity of transport police officers
Authors: Tyan Mariya
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of methods, one of which is coping behavior, allowing traffic police officers to effectively cope with the impact of stressors and predict possible solutions to problems. The subject of our study is the leading coping strategies in the behavior of traffic police officers. Purpose: to identify typical coping strategies of employees that allow them to overcome difficult life situations. Methodological basis: provisions on coping behavior developed in humanistic psychology; about the inherent desire of the individual to overcome stressful situations, thereby ensuring safety in professional activities. In the course of the study, a set of methods was used: theoretical analysis of the literature; a number of psychodiagnostic methodics (the test “Methods of coping behavior” by R. Lazarus, the test “Youthful coping scale” adapted by T.L. Kryukova), evidence processing method (Microsoft Office Excel, Statistica10). 70 respondents took part from departments of the transport police. Results of the work: in most cases, employees prefer adaptive copings: self-control, acceptance of responsibility, work/achievements that contribute to overcoming existing stressors, it has also been found that one coping can strengthen or weaken the effect of another. The results of the study can be taken into account when organizing personnel and psychological work with personnel, as well as used during working hours for the constructive distribution of personal resources. Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of information sources and the study, significant stressors are identified that affect the activities of transport police officers, which are distinguished by their specifics and conditions for performing tasks. And the identified strategies for coping with stress made it possible to establish the degree of influence on the professional activities of transport police officers who had not previously been studied in this vein. Conclusion: knowledge of the leading stress coping strategies will allow employees to act consciously in a stressful situation and independently regulate their behavior, taking into account their existing abilities and conditions imposed by external circumstances.
The analytical model of strengthening political stability in the Republic of Belarus in the context of current trends and challenges (sharing our experience)
Authors: Strom A.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to present methodological tools for strengthening political stability in the Republic of Belarus, which is developed on the basis of the author's integrative model of analysis of the political system and a new approach to identifying the risks of the development of the political system, to determine the possibilities of its application outside the Belarusian context. The basis of the scientific methodology is the integration approach, which is a combination of key provisions of institutional, systemic, neo-institutional approaches to the study of the political system, as well as the concept of the political field by P. Bourdieu and the theories of the autopoietic system by N. Luhmann and structuration by E. Giddens. This research position allows us to verify the heuristic potential of the integrative model of the analysis of the political system to identify the risks of its development at the level of five subsystems: institutional-organizational, institutional-normative, ideological, functional-communicative and subject-actor. Empirical conclusions are formulated on the basis of data from sociological surveys, thought experiment. It is concluded that the degree of threat of one or another identified risk will largely depend on the possibility of localization of the area (point) of risk identification, as well as the efficiency of the deployment of analytical procedures. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the presentation of an approach to risk management, which can be designated as "bearing". It allows you to analyze the risk in dynamics, starting from any point of its detection or fixation. The practical significance is determined by the possibility of adapting the proposed methodology for identifying and assessing the risks of the development of the political system to the national specifics of different states.
Geopolitical aspect of the strategy of regional spatial development of the Russian Far East
Authors: Klicenko M. , Yarulin Ildus
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of the regions, in particular, the Far East, in the geostrategic projects of Russia. In the context of a significant complication of the foreign policy positions of the Russian Federation, the development of a state geopolitical concept that takes into account, in addition to the problems that have become traditional, the complexity of regional issues is of particular importance. In preparing the article, the principles of the system method were mainly used. The macroregions of modern Russia are considered in the unity of geopolitical, geographical, socio-cultural, economic and other determinants. The article discusses the specifics of the Russian Far East and the reasons for the increased interest in it at the present stage. The process of formation of new forms of internal regionalization is not spontaneous. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the ongoing processes of regionalization of both the Russian Federation and the PRC, other neighboring states with taking into account the peculiarities of regional geopolitics. In conclusion, the author substantiates the position that the Far Eastern region is important both in terms of resources and in building a system of national and regional security. The practical and theoretical significance of the work lies in the fact that the macro-region of the Russian Far East acquires strategic importance for the states of the Asia-Pacific region and the Pacific, and, therefore, the identification of their interests and opportunities for cooperation is important for further research and for the development of practical policies at both the federal and regional levels.
The Division of Routine and Non-Routine Housework Among Migrant and Native Couples in Germany
Authors: Nutz Theresa , Schmid Lisa , Pollak Reinhard
Published: July 2023

Gender inequality in the division of household chores is a persistent issue over time and across country contexts, while differences within and between native and migrant couples remain largely unclear. Relying on the German country case, this study examines the association between partners’ migration constellations and the division of housework. We differentiate between natives and first-generation migrants, and within first-generation migrants, we differentiate by their regions of origin. For the division of housework, we analyse traditionally female routine tasks and male non-routine tasks. Following gender and resource explanations, this study expects gendered variation in the way native, migrant, and mixed (i.e., native/migrant) couples divide housework. Utilising novel data from the German Family Demography Panel Study (FReDA-GGS sample, 2021), the paper employs OLS regression models to predict the division of housework among 11,223 cohabiting different-sex couples. The study finds a gender-traditional divide in routine household tasks among migrant couples, with heterogeneity across regions of origin. Specifically, women in Asian and Eastern European couples tend to do more routine tasks than their native counterparts, while the division of routine housework in couples from Western countries is more egalitarian. In mixed couples, the division of routine tasks is highly unequal if the male partner is a migrant. Non-routine tasks in mixed couples are, however, mostly performed by the native partner, irrespective of gender. The results suggest that the division of routine housework conforms to traditional gender roles across most migrant groups, while non-routine housework, such as financial tasks that require country-specific knowledge, is influenced by the native status, which serves as a resource in itself.
* This article belongs to a special issue on “Family Research and Demographic Analysis – New Insights from the German Family Demography Panel Study (FReDA)”.
Ex Post Facto and Trends on Total Quality Management Papers: Bibliometric Analysis in Algerian Scientific Platform
Authors: Safi Boubakeur , Roucham Benziane , Mahmoudi Houcine
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Doing a bibliometric analysis of the papers on Total Quality Management published in Algerian Scientific Journals Platform (ASJP).
Methodology/Approach: Following Bibliometric analysis approach that reaches the export of scientific papers from ASJP during 2005-2022 and using Bibiloshiny based on the R language (RStudio).
Findings: The study highlighted the prominent authors, universities, and journals, identifying both opportunities and research advancements in TQM research and urging scientific collaboration. TQM practices in different sectors remain a current and relevant research topic, however, the analysis outlined some conceptual structure gaps within particular areas. The outputs provide insights and suggestions for scholars and practitioners in the field of TQM.
Research Limitation/Implication: The study examines only papers published in ASJP until 2022. Findings could be useful for TQM stakeholders in emerging countries. Practitioners benefit from experiments to deal with the TQM method.
Originality/Value of paper: In Algerian context, the study’s substantive contribution denotes that Industrial and Health care Areas constitute knowledge and empirical gaps in the TQM field; for future, researchers should exploit key words used by prominent authors; the TQM performance and higher education are the most explored topics as Motor themes; organisational culture as emerging theme had grown interest need exploration; total quality or continuous improvement themes are important for the TQM research require further works.
Expanding Service Capabilities Through an On-Demand Workforce
Authors: Sun Xu , Liu Weiliang
Published: July 2023

Call Center Staffing: On-Demand Is in Demand

Traditional call centers face challenges in quickly adapting their service capacity to meet fluctuations in demand, even with short staffing periods. In their research article “Expanding Service Capabilities Through an On-Demand Workforce,” Sun and Liu propose a solution for call centers to improve service levels and reduce operating expenses. They develop a two-stage decision model that determines the optimal combination of permanent and on-demand staff, along with an optimal on-demand staffing and call scheduling policy that minimizes costs. By utilizing diffusion approximation, they derive approximate solutions for the second-stage problem. The optimal staffing rule employs switching boundaries to determine when to bring in or dismiss on-demand agents, while the scheduling rule employs a nested threshold rule that prioritizes customer urgency. Interestingly, the call scheduling rule exhibits an intriguing pattern arising from the interaction between on-demand staffing and call scheduling decisions. Their research findings highlight significant cost savings achievable through the implementation of an on-demand workforce.
Inspiring, Yet Tiring: How Leader Emotional Complexity Shapes Follower Creativity
Authors: Stollberger Jakob , Guillaume Yves , van Knippenberg Daan
Published: July 2023

Moods and emotions are an important influence on creativity at work, and recent developments point to emotional complexity as a particularly relevant influence in this respect. We develop this line of research by shifting focus from emotional complexity as an intrapersonal influence to emotional complexity as an interpersonal influence between leader and subordinate. Specifically, we integrate the social-functional approach to emotions with theory on self-regulation to shed light on the effects of leader emotional complexity (LEC), operationalized as alternations between leader displays of happiness and anger, on follower creativity. Three studies, two video experiments (Studies 1 and 2) and a multisource experience sampling study (Study 3), revealed that, on one hand, LEC stimulated creativity by enhancing the cognitive flexibility of followers; on the other hand, LEC led to heightened self-regulatory resource depletion, which compromised follower creativity. Our results also showed that trait epistemic motivation strengthened the positive effects of LEC on creativity via cognitive flexibility, the negative effects via self-regulatory resource depletion were also stronger for followers with higher trait epistemic motivation. Combined, results suggest that leader displays of emotional complexity can be tiring but are even more inspiring.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2019.13152 .
Motioning forwards
Authors: Mackenzie Eddie
Published: July 2023

Eddie MacKenzie looks back at the LDC Conference.
A sensitive subject
Authors: Svec Julia
Published: July 2023

Julia Svec addresses the touchy subject of tooth sensitivity.
Managing oral health in teenagers
Authors: Lloyd-Rees Kimberly
Published: July 2023

Kimberly Lloyd-Rees discusses how best to support young people with their oral health.
Patient-targeted mobile applications in healthcare
Authors: Karia Janvi , Mohamed Ryian , Petrushkin Harry
Published: July 2023

There has been an increase in the number of healthcare-related applications targeted at patients for use on mobile phones. With an increasing proportion of the population using such applications, it is important to understand the associated limitations, safety concerns and challenges of legalisation. This article explores the impact of these applications on frontline care and patient wellbeing, evaluating the literature surrounding the benefits and challenges of patient-targeted mobile applications in health care and analysing the limitations of existing research. The proclaimed benefits of such applications are not always evidence based. Furthermore, many healthcare applications are created by laypeople and not validated by healthcare authorities, creating a potential to cause patient harm. Further research is needed to identify long-term effects on both healthcare systems and individuals' psychosocial wellbeing. However, research in this field often lacks a universal perspective and may be influenced by underlying financial motives to promote use of the applications.
Autonomy Anomalies
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: July 2023

Should the automotive industry be wary of findings that repeatedly suggest reticence toward autonmous vehicles?
Royal Flush
Authors: Wade Andrew
Published: July 2023

Japanese toilets incorporate a fascinating array of technologies and are starting to take off in the UK
Who Goes There?
Authors: Powell Gareth L.
Published: July 2023

If you’re scared now just wait till you see the future of facial recognition technology
Türkistan Askerî Valiliğinin Kurulması ve Sınırlarının Belirlenmesi (Yedi Adet Harita ile Birlikte)
Authors: GÜNGÖR Ebubekir
Published: July 2023

Türkistan adı geçmişte farklı coğrafi sınırları içine alan bölgeleri tanımlamak için kullanılmakla birlikte bu çalışmada, “Rus Türkistan”ı olarak Rus Çarlığı tarafından oluşturulan Türkistan Askerî Valiliği ile mekân sınırlandırması yapılmıştır. XIX. yüzyılın ikinci çeyreğinde işgallerle oluşmaya başlayan Türkistan Askerî Valiliğinin sınırları Rus Çarlığı’nın yıkılışına kadar (1917) korunmuş; 1897 Çarlık kanunnamesi süreci de dâhil meydana gelen değişimler göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. İlk etapta valiliğin sınırları Sirderya ve Yedisu (Almata/Vernıy) Askerî Mıntıka idarelerinin kurulması ile resmen şekillenmeye başlamıştır. Daha sonra işgal ve ilhak alanları genişledikçe yeni oluşturulan askerî mıntıka idareleri askerî eyalet ve vilayetlere dönüştürülmüştür. 1865’te kurulan Türkistan Askerî Eyaleti,

1867’de Türkistan Askerî Valiliğine evirilmiş, kendi içerisinde eyalet ve vilayetlere ayrılmıştır. Dolayısıyla Valiliğin idari ve coğrafi taksimatında XIX. yüzyılın sonuna kadar (1897) sürekli bir değişim söz konusu olmuştur.
Follow-up arrangements in head and neck cancer clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from two tertiary UK head and neck cancer centres
Authors: Kanatas A , Coffey D , Spellman J , Twigg J , Lowe D , Rogers SN
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The aim of this paper is to report the pattern of follow-up that occurred for a cohort of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients across two large centres in the UK (Aintree and Leeds), as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Patients had been treated for HNC with curative intent between April 2017 and October 2019 by 14 oral and maxillofacial (OMFS) and ear nose and throat (ENT) oncology surgeons in the Patient Concerns Inventory intervention trial. In October 2020, hospital records were reviewed, and information collected on the timing and mode (face-to-face/telephone/video) of follow-up consultations. In addition, recurrence, second primary tumours and deaths were recorded.

Results

At the start of ‘lockdown’, 212 members of the cohort were known to be alive. During the post-lockdown period (follow-up appointment data comprised 5 months in Aintree and 7 months in Leeds) 7 died and 13 were identified as palliative/recurrence/new primary/metastases (‘new event’). In Aintree, the first ENT/OMFS consultations after lockdown were 51 (67%) telephone and 25 (33%) face-to-face appointments. In Leeds, 46 (78%) consultations were by telephone and 13 (22%) were face-to-face. The second ENT/OMFS consultations post lockdown included 11 (44%) telephone and 14 (56%) face-to-face in Aintree, and 21 (75%) telephone and 7 (25%) face-to-face in Leeds.

Conclusions

These data suggest that clinicians favoured remote consultations. Variations in practice were observed but reached a point of a ‘hybrid follow-up approach’ that included both face-to-face and remote consultations. With the emergence of telemedicine, clinicians may consider a follow-up model tailored to risk stratification. The development of the mode of such a consultation model needs further evaluation.