bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Examination of Washington State Workers’ Compensation Claims for Home-Based Health Care Workers, 2006 to 2016: Part 2. Injury Rates and Trends
Authors: Howard Ninica L. , Adams Darrin , Marcum Jennifer , Cole Jena
Published: February 2022

Research of home-based health care (HBHC) has shown that care providers suffer from a high rate of injuries. Analysis of workers’ compensation records, a reliable source for injury and illness data, enables the identification of trends within a specific working population. HBHC workers’ compensation compensable claims in Washington State from 2006 to 2016 were compared to clinical health care (CHC) claims. Injury event and source attributed to HBHC claims were also analyzed, with a focus on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Though CHC had 5 times the number of full-time employees during the study period, HBHC grew by 61.1%, compared to 28.7% in CHC. Claim rates for all compensable claims and WMSD claims consistently decreased year-over-year for both HBHC and CHC. WMSD claims experienced a year-over-year decline of 5.3%; for all compensable claims the decline was 4.5%. Analysis of HBHC claim rates by injury event found WMSD had the highest rates, followed by falls from the same level. However, the largest annual change was for the injury event overexertion (−10.1%, 95%CI: −13.4, −6.8). HBHC injuries attributable to the health care patient were the most common. Claims with this injury source declined annually by 6.0%. Claim rates for injuries to the back region, and specifically back WMSDs, were consistently higher year-over-year compared to other body regions and WMSD types. Claims for injuries to the back declined by an annual rate of 6.6% (95% CI: −7.9, −5.3), while back WMSD claims decreased by 6.4% (94% CI: −7.8, −4.9).
What’s wrong with different empowerment? The effect of differentiated empowering leadership on employee proactive service
Authors: Dong Yanan , Zhao Xinyuan (Roy) , Yuan Yuan , Dong Huijuan , Jiang Jing
Published: February 2022

Differentiated empowering leadership is common in organizations; however, its effect on employee proactive customer service performance remains less understood. Drawing on social comparison theory, this study proposes a multilevel model for how and when differentiated empowering leadership affects employee proactive customer service performance. The study, based on a sample of 228 employees from 77 teams in China, shows a negative relationship between differentiated empowering leadership and employee proactive customer service performance through employee organization-based self-esteem. This indirect relationship is moderated by empowering leadership and employee prosocial motivation. Specifically, the influence of differentiated empowering leadership on employee organization-based self-esteem is more negative when employees receive low empowering leadership, and the relationship between employee organization-based self-esteem and proactive customer service performance is more positive for employees with high prosocial motivation. These findings extend previous knowledge on differentiated empowering leadership and provide practical insights for hotel managers.
When and why Language Assertiveness Affects Online Review Persuasion
Authors: Huang Huiling , Liu Stephanie Q. , Lu Zhi
Published: February 2022

Recent research suggests that not only what is said (i.e., opinions) but also how it is said (i.e., language styles) can affect persuasion. Extending this stream of work, the current research aims to understand how language assertiveness affects online review persuasion. Study 1 explores consumers’ general perceptions of assertive versus nonassertive language and opinions about their relative persuasiveness in online reviews. Study 2 utilizes an experimental design to examine the congruency effects between language assertiveness and temporal distance on consumer responses. We find that online reviews containing assertive (vs. nonassertive) language engender higher perceived review helpfulness and more favorable attitudes toward the reviewed business for consumers whose travel time is in the distant future, whereas nonassertive (vs. assertive) language is more effective for consumers whose travel time is in the near future. Furthermore, mediation analysis results suggest that psychological comfort is the underlying mechanism explaining such effects.
Does letting adolescent and young adult inpatients share decisions in choosing the central-line insertion site reduce central-line-associated bloodstream infections? An empty systematic review
Authors: Rosati Paola , Crocoli Alessandro , Saulle Rosella , Amato Laura , Brancaccio Matilde , Mitrova Zuzana , Ciliento Gaetano , Ciofi degli Atti Marta , Raponi Massimiliano
Published: February 2022

To study whether allowing adolescents and young adults (AYA) with chronic or oncologic diseases admitted to tertiary or intensive care units to share decisions in choosing the insertion site for central-venous catheters (CVC) implanted for intravenous therapies or parenteral nutrition reduces central-line-associated and catheter-related bloodstream infections (CLABSI and CRBSI). Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed the literature by searching MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to December 2019. According to our aims, the review identified no study that could be included. This empty systematic review on healthcare teams allowing AYA with chronic or oncologic diseases admitted in tertiary or intensive care units to share decisions in choosing the site for implanting CVC prompts further research on clinical pathways on this hot-topic. By considering purportedly risk-taking behaviors in youngsters thus reducing CLABSI and CRBSI, healthcare teams should test specific strategies by engaging AYA empathetically in sharing decisions on the site for implanting CVC to improve quality in health care bundles.
Effect of single-pass large-strain tube pack-rolling on forming AZ61 alloy strip
Authors: Hu Zhiqing , Xi Jia , Li Xinchen , Da Lijia
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a novel manufacturing strategy named as tube pack-rolling (TPR) was proposed. In the process, Mg-6Al-1Zn-0.3Mn (wt%) (AZ61) bar was packed by stainless-steel tube to be rolled at elevated temperature. In order to compare the advantage of TPR, AZ61 bar was also rolled without stainless-steel tube which is named naked-rolling (NR). The stainless-steel was picked as the pack material because of its high strength and hardness which can completely restrain the deformation of magnesium alloy. Numeral simulations were employed to analyze the strip shape and formability. The optimized parameters of contour control are discussed. Tensile tests at room temperature show that specimen rolled by TPR at 673 K exhibit good comprehensive mechanical properties, and the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength reached 213 MPa and 305 MPa with the elongation of 23.2%. The microstructure was investigated by optical microscopes (OM) and electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). The AZ61 alloy strip rolled by TPR at 673 K exhibited homogenous almost fine dynamically recrystallized equiaxed grains (about 5 µm) with a weak texture. Meanwhile the microstructure evolution mechanism also shows the temperature has significant effect on TPR processing.
Survey of strategies to reduce cold-start particulate, CO, NOx, and hydrocarbon emissions from direct-injection spark-ignition engines
Authors: Wooldridge Margaret S , Singh Ripudaman , Gutierrez Luis G , Clancy Shannon
Published: February 2022

Meeting cold-start emissions standards for particulate emissions and the criteria air pollutants, NO, CO and unburned hydrocarbons (HC), is critical for gasoline direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines, including DISI engines in hybrid-electric powertrains. This work surveys recent strategies to reduce particulate mass (PM), particulate number (PN), NO, CO, and HC emissions during cold-start conditions. Results of studies that demonstrate progress using engine operating strategies (such as timing of fuel injection, spark-ignition, and valve events) and engine and after-treatment hardware development to mitigate and reduce cold-start engine-out and vehicle emissions are highlighted. Several methods are promising in terms of meeting more stringent cold-start emissions requirements, in particular, fuel injector design and operation have significant potential to reduce particulate emissions and advances in manufacturing can help reduce limitations from nozzle tip-wetting. Fast-heating of three-way catalysts also shows clear benefits, in addition to gasoline particulate filters to reduce vehicle PM and PN emissions. A clear challenge (and opportunity) is the dramatically larger parametric space for engine design and operation and the coupled interaction with after-treatment that should be considered to address cold-start emissions. Advances in modelling and physical experiments that allow more rapid development of DISI powertrain and after treatment systems are critical to meet future cold-start emissions requirements.
Methodological challenges in researching email consultations as a form of communication in patient-provider interactions
Authors: Laursen Ditte , Simonsen Line Maria , Grønning Anette
Published: February 2022

Email is a born-digital form of communication, which can be studied in a number of ways using a variety of methods, as with any other socially and culturally mediated phenomenon. However, despite a great number of studies, the methodologies of the studies have attracted only little attention. In this paper, we wish to extend our knowledge regarding methodological challenges in studying emails. In particular, we will consider the methodological challenges, which any scholar will encounter when email in its digital form is transformed to and preserved as an object of study. Based on a review of existing studies’ archiving strategies as well as our own study on email consultations in a healthcare setting, we will examine and discuss analytical and methodological consequences of different approaches to archiving and data management of emails. We demonstrate that the archived record is shaped by its context of creation. Since collection methods and archiving tools are not neutral, we call for a greater attentiveness to this part of the research process. We conclude by outlining implications for systematic empirical research into emails as a form of communication.
Crack damage monitoring for compressor blades based on acoustic emission with novel feature and hybridized feature selection
Authors: Song Di , Xu Feiyun , Ma Tianchi
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, acoustic emission (AE) has been widely used to the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) for compressor blades. However, traditional AE features and feature selection methods are generally difficult to identify the cracked blades of compressor due to its complex structure and background noise. To solve this problem, the crack damage monitoring method based on novel feature and hybridized feature selection is proposed to identify crack of compressor blades, which is aimed at improving the crack identification accuracy with optimal features. First, the novel feature of spectral centroid with energy shift (SCES) is established. Besides, the hybridized feature selection method is proposed based on Laplacian random forest scores (LRFS), which can evaluate and select features adaptively. By fusing information of selected features from AE sensors, the long short-term memory (LSTM) network is used to classify cracked blades. The proposed method is applied experimentally to identify cracks at different speeds and locations of AE sensors, which has the average accuracy of 98.93%. The comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in AE-based SHM for compressor blades under different working conditions.
Oriental Irritants and Occidental Aspirants: Immigrant Portrayals in Hearst Magazines, 1905–1945
Authors: Denham Bryan
Published: February 2022

William Randolph Hearst became editor and proprietor of the San Francisco Examiner in 1887, and by 1935, he had assembled a media empire consisting of nearly 30 major newspapers, 13 magazines, 8 radio stations, 3 news wires, and 2 motion picture companies. Most scholarship about Hearst has focused on his newspapers; less studied have been the magazines he acquired early in the 20th century. This monograph examines immigrant representations in Hearst magazines published between 1905 and 1945, focusing on how magazine fiction, nonfiction, and “fact-fiction” articles presented immigrants and immigration as social and political issues. Like Hearst himself, the publications favored immigrants from Germany and the Scandinavian countries of northern Europe and tended to disfavor those from China and Japan and, to a lesser extent, Mexico. According to the magazines, immigrants from the Far East and Mexico were “undesirables” who threatened society by, allegedly, importing, selling, and using hazardous drugs. Newspaper advertisements, news articles, and editorials extended these portrayals to wider audiences. Hearst also applied cross-media promotion to motion pictures, with writers converting fiction from his magazines into screenplays for Cosmopolitan Productions and MGM. The monograph contains examples of how magazine content and iconic covers have informed contemporary films and television series. In recent years, stylized representations have glamorized lifestyles but have also perpetuated cultural stereotypes that may contribute to anti-immigrant attitudes.
On Media Moguls and Racist Tropes
Authors: Mayer Vicki , Pavanello Alice
Published: February 2022

This response to Byran Denham’s monograph “Oriental Irritants and Occidental Aspirants: Immigrant Portrayals in Hearst Magazines, 1905-1945” focuses on scholarly questions as to William Randolph Hearst’s agency over media stereotyping.
Finding 25 Hours: Active Engagement Training for Parents of Children With Autism
Authors: Yucha Sarah , Ogletree Billy T. , Kelley Kelly , Hambrecht Georgia
Published: February 2022

The National Research Council recommends 25 hr per week of active engagement for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This clinical brief describes a parent training program (PACE-CPI) designed to increase active engagement episodes between parents and children with autism. Observations from this program’s introductory use with one family and suggestions for further development are provided.
Endovascular Surgery of Descending Thoracic Aorta Involved in T4 Lung Tumor
Authors: Di Tommaso Luigi , Di Tommaso Ettorino , Giordano Raffaele , Mileo Emilio , Santini Mario , Pilato Emanuele , Iannelli Gabriele
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

Surgical treatment of primary lung T4 tumors is controversial especially when the cancer invades the mediastinal structures or the descending thoracic aorta. Conventional surgical treatment is associated with a high perioperative mortality and morbidity rate. Thoracic EndoVascular Aortic Repair has emerged as a valid off-label alternative to conventional surgery. We aimed to assess perioperative and midterm aortic-related outcome of patients who have undergone aortic stent-graft implantation, followed by en bloc surgical treatment of the involved aorta and lung cancer resection.

Materials and Methods:

From July 2017 to May 2020, we treated 5 patients diagnosed with a T4 lung cancer by the involvement of the descending thoracic aorta. When only the descending thoracic aorta is involved, a 2-stage procedure was considered, with aortic stent-graft implantation performed before tumor resection. One-stage strategy, with stent-graft implantation carried out before thoracotomy, was preferred for patients with the involvement of cardiac and/or other vascular mediastinal structures.

Results:

The mean age was 58.4 ± 6.2 years. All patients were affected by non–small cell lung cancer. All 5 patients required a single stent-graft to completely cover the involved segment of aorta. Four patients underwent a 2-stage procedure. One patient, with the involvement of the left inferior pulmonary vein, required a 1-stage en bloc resection of the left lower lobe, aortic wall adventitia, left inferior pulmonary vein, and reconstruction of the left atrial wall. Primary procedural success was achieved in all. At follow-up, no patient developed aortic-related complications. One patient died 2 years after surgery, due to local recurrence of the tumor.

Conclusion:

T4 lung resection combined with aortic stent-graft implantation can be safely performed. Endovascular surgery, by avoiding the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamping, and graft replacement, can reduce significant morbidity and mortality rate. Postoperative and long-term outcome of these patients treated with endovascular surgery is mainly related to pulmonary disease, not to aortic treatment.
Reconciling the Business Case and the Social Justice Case for Diversity: A Model of Human Relations
Authors: Byrd Marilyn Y. , Sparkman Torrence E.
Published: February 2022

There are two dichotomous rationales for valuing diversity in organizational contexts: the business case and the social justice case. Arguments for the business case for diversity and the social justice case are both supported by valuing philosophies. However, lacking in either of these philosophies is a human relations component that recognizes the role of relationships in achieving the intended goals. In this article, we propose that reconciling the tensions between the business case and the social justice case is contingent upon adopting an organizational strategy that includes a human relations valuing philosophy. The organizational strategy suggested reaffirms a strategic role of human resource development.
Ovarian cancer surgery in Germany: An analysis of the nationwide hospital file 2005–2015
Authors: Trocchi Pietro , Mach Pawel , Kimmig Karl Rainer , Stang Andreas
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

Nationwide hospitalization data on the surgical management of ovarian cancer are scant. We assessed type of surgery, surgical approach, length of stay, surgery-related complications and in-hospital mortality among women with ovarian cancer in Germany. We analyzed nationwide hospitalization file of 2005 through 2015 including 77,589 ovarian cancer-related hospitalizations associated with ovarian surgery.

Methods:

We calculated the relative frequency of the surgical approaches by type of surgery and calendar time. We used log-binomial regression models to estimate relative risk of in-hospital mortality (including 95% confidence intervals) according to complications. About 63% of the hospitalizations included an additional hysterectomy besides ovariectomy.

Results:

About 85% of the surgeries were performed by laparotomy. However, from 2005–2006 through 2013–2015, the proportion of laparoscopic ovariectomies (±salpingectomy) increased from 14% to 35%. The in-hospital mortality risks for laparotomic and laparoscopic surgery were 2.9% and 0.4%, respectively. Adjusted mortality risk ratios varied from 1.35 (95% confidence interval = 0.94–1.94) for bleedings requiring blood transfusion to 3.65 (95% confidence interval = 3.31–4.03) for postoperative infections.

Conclusion:

We observed a tendency away from laparotomy toward laparoscopy for ovariectomies (±salpingectomy) over time. Compared with laparotomy, laparoscopy was associated with lower risk of complications and death. All complications studied were associated with higher in-hospital mortality risk.
High parity is associated with increased risk of cervical cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies
Authors: Tekalegn Yohannes , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Woldeyohannes Demelash , Atlaw Daniel , Degno Sisay , Desta Fikreab , Bekele Kebebe , Aseffa Tesfaye , Gezahegn Habtamu , Kene Chala
Published: February 2022

Background:

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. High parity has long been suspected with an increased risk of cervical cancer. Evidence from the existing epidemiological studies regarding the association between parity and cervical cancer is variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the best available evidence on the epidemiological association between parity and cervical cancer.

Methods:

Case–control studies reporting the association between parity and cervical cancer were systematically searched in databases like MEDLINE/PubMed, HINARI, Google scholar, Science direct, and Cochrane Libraries. All studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria and published between 2000 and 7 March 2020 were included in this meta-analysis. This study reported according to PRISMA guideline. Cochran’s Q-statistics and I2 tests were performed to assess heterogeneity among included studies. Egger’s regression analysis was performed to assess publication bias. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to compute pooled odds ratio of the association between parity and cervical cancer.

Results:

A total of 6685 participants (3227 patients and 3458 controls) were incorporated in the 12 studies included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that women with high parity had 2.65 times higher odds of developing cervical cancer compared to their counterparts (odds ratio = 2.65, 95% confidence interval = 2.08–3.38).

Conclusion:

High parity is positively associated with cervical cancer. Strong epidemiological studies are recommended to further explore the mechanisms and role of parity in the causation of cervical cancer.
Co-linguistic content inferences: From gestures to sound effects and emoji
Authors: Pasternak Robert , Tieu Lyn
Published: February 2022

Among other uses, co-speech gestures can contribute additional semantic content to the spoken utterances with which they coincide. A growing body of research is dedicated to understanding how inferences from gestures interact with logical operators in speech, including negation (“not”/“n’t”), modals (e.g., “might”), and quantifiers (e.g., “each,” “none,” “exactly one”). A related but less addressed question is what kinds of meaningful content other than gestures can evince this same behaviour; this is in turn connected to the much broader question of what properties of gestures are responsible for how they interact with logical operators. We present two experiments investigating sentences with co-speech sound effects and co-text emoji in lieu of gestures, revealing a remarkably similar inference pattern to that of co-speech gestures. The results suggest that gestural inferences do not behave the way they do because of any traits specific to gestures, and that the inference pattern extends to a much broader range of content.
The role of social psychological processes in journalist's war and peace journalism attitudes
Authors: Yontucu Huri , Husnu Shenel , Ersoy Metin
Published: February 2022

Previous studies have shown factors including media ownership, socio-political censorship, ethnic division and, the lack of professional training as obstacles to practising Peace Journalism principles. This research explored how social psychological processes including intergroup contact and outgroup attitudes influence Peace Journalism attitudes. Turkish Cypriot (TC) and Greek Cypriot (GC) journalists living in the divided and conflicted island of Cyprus participated. Findings highlighted that quantity and quality of contact are positively correlated with positive feelings, common ingroup identity (CII) and Peace Journalism attitudes and negatively correlated with intergroup anxiety and War Journalism (WJ) attitudes. Results shed light on the benefits of positive and frequent contact among journalists and with outgroup members that enhance positive social psychological processes as well as Peace Journalism attitudes. By recognizing the importance of intergroup contact, Peace Journalism attitudes can be improved by decreasing social-psychological tensions and contribute to reconciliation, peace-building processes, and sustainable peace in conflicted societies.
Evaluation methods and influencing factors of cough sensitivity
Authors: Mei Hao , Gu Wenhua , Ran Linxin , Wen Siwan , Yu Li , Xu Xianghuai
Published: February 2022

Increased cough sensitivity is an important mechanism of chronic cough, and the evaluation of cough sensitivity helps understand the mechanism of cough and explore better methods to reduce cough. Evaluation methods may be direct or indirect. Direct methods include mechanical stimulation and chemical stimulation, and indirect methods include laryngeal reflex test, questionnaires, and brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Chemical stimulation is the most common method, while the capsaicin cough challenge test is proven and widely used. In this article, we will compare evaluation methods and explore influencing factors of cough sensitivity.
Autonomic Nervous System Activity During Positive Emotions: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Behnke Maciej , Kreibig Sylvia D. , Kaczmarek Lukasz D. , Assink Mark , Gross James J.
Published: February 2022

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity is a fundamental component of emotional responding. It is not clear, however, whether positive emotional states are associated with differential ANS reactivity. To address this issue, we conducted a meta-analytic review of 120 articles (686 effect sizes, total N = 6,546), measuring ANS activity during 11 elicited positive emotions, namely amusement, attachment love, awe, contentment, craving, excitement, gratitude, joy, nurturant love, pride, and sexual desire. We identified a widely dispersed collection of studies. Univariate results indicated that positive emotions produce no or weak and highly variable increases in ANS reactivity. However, the limitations of work to date – which we discuss – mean that our conclusions should be treated as empirically grounded hypotheses that future research should validate.
Load-Velocity Relationship Variables to Assess the Maximal Neuromuscular Capacities During the Back-Squat Exercise
Authors: Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Jukic Ivan , Janicijevic Danica , Akyildiz Zeki , Senturk Deniz , García-Ramos Amador
Published: February 2022

Background:

The relationship between the external load lifted and movement velocity can be modeled by a simple linear regression, and the variables derived from the load-velocity (L-V) relationship were recently used to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities during 2 variants of the back-squat exercise.

Hypothesis:

The L-V relationship variables will be highly reliable and will be highly associated with the traditional tests commonly used to evaluate the maximal force and power.

Study Design:

Twenty-four male wrestlers performed 5 testing sessions (a 1-repetition maximum [1RM] session, and 4 experimental sessions [2 with the concentric-only back-squat and 2 with the eccentric-concentric back-squat]). Each experimental session consisted of performing 3 repetitions against 5 loads (45%-55%-65%-75%-85% of the 1RM), followed by single 1RM attempts.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Individual L-V relationships were modeled from the mean velocity collected under all loading conditions from which the following 3 variables were calculated: load-axis intercept ( L0), velocity-axis intercept ( v0), and area under the line ( Aline = L0· v0/2). The back-squat 1RM strength and the maximum power determined as the apex of the power-velocity relationship ( Pmax) were also determined as traditional measures of maximal force and power capacities, respectively.

Results:

The between-session reliability was high for the Aline (coefficient of variation [CV] range = 2.58%-4.37%; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] range = 0.98-0.99) and generally acceptable for L0 and v0 (CV range = 5.08%-9.01%; ICC range = 0.45-0.96). Regarding the concurrent validity, the correlations were very large between L0 and the 1RM strength ( rrange = 0.87-0.88) and nearly perfect between Aline and Pmax ( r = 0.98-0.99).

Conclusion:

The load-velocity relationship variables can be obtained with a high reliability ( L0, v0, and Aline) and validity ( L0 and Aline) during the back-squat exercise.

Clinical Relevance:

The load-velocity relationship modeling represents a quick and simple procedure to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities of lower-body muscles.
Identification of Hub Genes and Pathways Associated with Oxidative Stress of Cartilage in Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhang Xinglong , Xu Chunlei , Pang Ran , Fan Zhenqi , Wan Xin , Jiang Zhaohui , Li Hui , Li Zhijun , Zhang Huafeng
Published: February 2022

Objective

This study aimed to identify the hub genes and pathways of genes related to oxidative stress of cartilage in osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH), and to predict the transcription factors of the hub genes.

Methods

The GSE74089 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 4 necrotic tissues and 4 normal tissues, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma package in R language. Simultaneously, we searched for the genes related to oxidative stress in the Gene Ontology (GO) database. GO and signaling pathways analysis were performed using DAVID, Metascape, and GSEA. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and the Degree algorithm of Cytoscape software was used to screen for hub genes. Finally, the NetworkAnalyst web tool was used to find the hub genes’ transcriptional factors (TFs).

Results

In total, 440 oxidative stress–related genes were found in GSE74089 and GO database, and 88 of them were significantly differentially expressed. These genes were mainly involved in several signaling pathways, such as MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, FOXO signaling pathway. The top 10 hub genes were JUN, FOXO3, CASP3, JAK2, RELA, EZH2, ABL1, PTGS2, FBXW7, MCL1. Besides, TFAP2A, GATA2, SP1, and E2F1 may be the key regulatory factors of hub genes.

Conclusions

We identified some hub genes and signaling pathways associated with oxidative stress in ONFH through a series of bioinformatics analyses.
The Role of Organizational Stress in the Relationship Between Leader–Member Exchange and Workplace Envy
Authors: Hilal Omnia Abdelazeem
Published: February 2022

Existing literature suggests that there is a relationship between leader–member exchange (LMX) and workplace envy (WE). However, a degree of inconsistency among research results was detected which could be due to overlooking the possible role of organizational stress (OS). Building on social comparison theory and transactional theory of stress and coping, it is proposed that the relationship between LMX and WE is moderated by OS. This study aims to provide additional insight into the mechanisms that develop WE and how it could be managed among Egyptian athletes. Two hypotheses were developed, and data was collected via self-report surveys from a sample of 320 Egyptian athletes. Regression analysis and multi-group moderation analysis were employed to test research hypotheses. Results indicated that LMX is negatively related to WE among Egyptian athletes. Moreover, it was found that OS moderates this relationship in the way that the strength of the relationship between LMX and workplace is significantly stronger among athletes with high perceived OS than among athletes with low perceived OS. Results were discussed and theoretical and managerial applications were presented. Fruitful insights have been communicated to coaches, athletes, and sport managers. Limitations and proposals for future research were suggested.
Antimicrobial potential of AH Plus supplemented with bismuth lipophilic nanoparticles on E. faecalis isolated from clinical isolates
Authors: Torres-Betancourt Jesús Alejandro , Hernandez-Delgadillo Rene , Flores-Treviño Jorge Jaime , Solís-Soto Juan Manuel , Pineda-Aguilar Nayely , Nakagoshi-Cepeda Maria Argelia Akemi , Isela Sánchez-Nájera Rosa , Chellam Shankararaman , Cabral-Romero Claudio
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential of AH plus supplemented with bismuth lipophilic nanoparticles (BisBAL NPs) on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from patients with endodontic infections. BisBAL NPs, synthesized with the colloidal method, were characterized, in its pure form or AH Plus-absorbed, by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (EDS-SEM). Antimicrobial activity was evaluated with disc diffusion assays, and antibiofilm activity with fluorescence microscopy. BisBAL NP-supplemented AH Plus had a 4.9 times higher antimicrobial activity than AH Plus alone ( p = 0.0001). In contrast to AH Plus alone, AH Plus supplemented with BisBAL NP inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation. The sealing properties of AH plus were not modified by the incorporation of BisBAL NPs, which was demonstrated by a 12-day split-chamber leakage assay with daily inoculation, which was used to evaluate the possible filtration of E. faecalis. Finally, BisBAL NP-supplemented AH plus-BisBAL NPs was not cytotoxic for cultured human gingival fibroblasts. Their viability was 83.7% to 89.9% after a 24-h exposure to AH Plus containing 50 and 10 µM BisBAL NP, respectively. In conclusion, BisBAL NP-supplemented AH Plus constitutes an innovative nanomaterial to prevent re-infection in endodontic patients without cytotoxic effects.
Outcomes of Single-Stage Versus Staged Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions in Patients With Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Wei Yu , Song Jianing , Yun Xing , Zhang Zhuo , Qi Wei , Wei Min
Published: February 2022

Background:

There is controversy about whether treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) with osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) can be performed concurrently.

Purpose:

To investigate the midterm results of arthroscopic treatment of CLAI combined with OLT in different surgical settings. It was hypothesized that the outcomes of treating both injuries at the same time would not be inferior to those of staged surgery.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

Included were 103 patients with both CLAI and OLT who underwent arthroscopic microfracture surgery and an open, modified Broström-Gould procedure for ligament repair from January 2015 to December 2016. The patients were assigned randomly to a staged group (51 patients) and a single-stage group (52 patients). The staged group underwent arthroscopic debridement of the OLT and microfracture, then rehabilitation for 4 to 6 months before undergoing modified Broström-Gould ligament repair. The single-stage group underwent both procedures simultaneously. Clinical evaluations were performed on the day before surgery and at 12-month, 24-month, and final follow-up periods using the Karlsson-Peterson score, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and pain visual analog scale. The Karlsson-Peterson score at 24 months postoperatively was considered the primary outcome. The predefined noninferiority margin for the primary outcome was −5 points.

Results:

At the final follow-up, 50 patients in the single-stage group and 48 patients in the staged group completed the study. The median lesion size was 0.72 cm2 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.5-1.12 cm2) in the single-stage group and 0.84 cm2 (IQR, 0.7-1.05 cm2) in the staged group. At 12-month follow-up, the single-stage group had a significantly higher median Karlsson-Peterson score (79 [IQR, 70-85] vs 75 [IQR 65-80] for staged; P = .024) and median AOFAS score (85 [IQR, 76-89] vs 79.5 [IQR, 70-87] for staged; P = .045). At 24-month follow-up, the median difference in the Karlsson-Peterson score for single-stage versus staged surgery was 2 points (95% CI, −2 to 5 points), and the confidence interval was greater than the predefined value.

Conclusion:

At midterm follow-up, there was no clinical difference between single-stage versus staged surgery to treat CLAI with OLT. Single-stage surgery achieved better clinical outcomes than staged surgery at short-term follow-up.
Emerging World of Gig Economy: Promises and Challenges in the Indian Context
Authors: Dey Chitra , Ture Rameshwar Shivadas , Ravi Swarnalakshmi
Published: February 2022

The use of non-standard workers in organisations has taken different forms in the last two decades. The recent development in this segment is the use of workers through technology-mediated platforms known as gig workers. Over the years, there has been an increase in use of gig workers in India as well as abroad for several reasons, like the changing nature of work, availability of technology and work preferences. We start the article by examining reasons for the rise of gig work, followed by an explanation of various types of gig platforms, their characteristics and examples in the Indian as well as global context. We elaborate on some of the risks and challenges faced by Indian companies as they deploy non-standard workers through different online platforms. At the end, we offer some recommendations to the HR fraternity.
“Something Tells Me I Can’t Do That No More”: Experiences With Real-Time Glucose and Activity Monitoring Among Underserved Black Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fritschi Cynthia , Kim Min Jung , Srimoragot Manassawee , Jun Jeehye , Sanchez Lidia Emily , Sharp Lisa K.
Published: February 2022

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to explore self-regulation skills with real-time activity and glucose monitoring among Black women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods

A small acceptability trial was conducted using technology (continuous glucose monitors and Fitbit) to facilitate core behaviors associated with self-regulation (self-monitoring/assessment, learning, mental contrasting [comparing current values with goal values], and goal setting/review). Participants were given continuous glucose monitors and Fitbit activity trackers for self-monitoring of blood glucose and activity. Two sessions of group diabetes education were also offered. Following the intervention, semistructured interviews and subsequent content analyses were conducted to explore how the women’s experiences reflected certain self-regulation behaviors.

Results

Eight underserved Black women with non-insulin-requiring T2DM were included (age = 68 ± 5.2 years; A1C = 6.6% ± 1.1%; 15.3 ± 7.2 years since diagnosis). Content analysis revealed themes that were consistent with core self-regulation behaviors: experiential learning through self-monitoring, mental contrasting, and impact on behavior (actual behavior change and motivation to change behavior).

Conclusions

With use of real-time glucose and activity monitoring, underserved Black women with T2DM described how they used the data from the devices to make choices about eating and activity behaviors.
Site parameters applied in NGA-Sub database
Authors: Ahdi Sean K , Kwak Dong Youp , Ancheta Timothy D , Contreras Victor , Kishida Tadahiro , Kwok Annie O , Mazzoni Silvia , Ruz Francisco , Stewart Jonathan P
Published: February 2022

NGA-Sub data resources are organized into a relational database. We describe the Site table within that database structure, which contains metadata for 6502 stations that have recorded earthquakes incorporated into the database. Critical site parameters for ground motion modelling are time-averaged shear-wave velocity ( VS) in the upper 30 m of the site ( VS30) and depths to various VS horizons (1.0 and 2.5 km/s). We compile VS profiles for the global study regions and use these data to compute VS30 where profile data is available from reliable sources. When this is not the case, which is commonly encountered in many regions, we adopt a proxy-based VS30-estimation framework whereby estimates are provided, in order of preference, from locally derived models, models derived for a source region and applied to a different target region with some degree of validation, and global or source-region models applied to a target region without validation. Epistemic uncertainties in category median VS30 are provided when proxy-based models are required but their validation is not possible. Sediment depth terms are also evaluated using measured VS profiles that exceed measured velocity thresholds where available or are estimated for regions having 3D seismic velocity models (e.g. Cascadia, Japan, New Zealand, and Taiwan).
Leriche syndrome diagnosed due to polytrauma: a case report
Authors: Yoshimura Genki , Kamidani Ryo , Miura Tomotaka , Oiwa Hideaki , Mizuno Yosuke , Yasuda Ryu , Kitagawa Yuichiro , Fukuta Tetsuya , Miyake Takahito , Okamoto Haruka , Kanda Norihide , Doi Tomoaki , Okada Hideshi , Yoshida Takahiro , Yoshida Shozo , Ogura Shinji
Published: February 2022

Background

Leriche syndrome is caused by atherosclerosis and is often characterized by symptoms such as intermittent claudication and numbness and coldness of the lower limbs. Its exact prevalence and incidence are unknown because it is a rare disease. We report a case of Leriche syndrome diagnosed incidentally on trauma pan-scan computed tomography (CT).

Case presentation

A 61-year-old Asian male was driving a passenger car and had a head-on collision with a dump truck that required an emergency call. The patient was transported to our hospital in a doctor’s helicopter. Physical examination revealed the following vital signs: respiratory rate, 23 breaths per min; SpO2, 98% under a 10-L administration mask; pulse rate, 133 beats per min; blood pressure, 142/128 mmHg; Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma, positive; Glasgow Coma Scale assessment, E3V5M6; and body temperature, 35.9 °C.

Trauma pan-scan CT showed bilateral mandibular fractures, bilateral multiple rib fractures, bilateral pneumothorax, sternal fractures, hematoma around thoracic spine, small bowel perforation, mesenteric injury, right clavicle fracture, right ankle debridement injury, and thrombotic occlusion from just above the abdominal aortic bifurcation to the bilateral common iliac arteries. Although thrombotic occlusion needed to be differentiated from traumatic aortic injury, the presence of collateral blood vessels led to the diagnosis of Leriche syndrome, and conservative treatment was performed.

Damage control surgery was required for the small bowel injuries. From the second day of admission, the patient was treated with continuous intravenous heparin and prostaglandin preparations. However, impaired blood flow and reperfusion injury in the right lower extremity progressed. On the fifth day of admission, right thigh amputation was performed. The patient required renal replacement therapy for 2 weeks starting from the third day of admission.

Conclusions

In this case, conservative therapy was initially chosen for Leriche syndrome. However, the complex factors in the acute phase of trauma led to development of hemorrhagic necrosis, requiring amputation of the lower extremity. Our findings indicate the need to carefully consider the unique factors affecting Leriche syndrome patients when considering treatment indications and choices for trauma.
Computing strategies for multi-population genomic evaluation
Authors: Legarra Andrés , González-Diéguez David , Vitezica Zulma G.
Published: February 2022

Background

Multiple breed evaluation using genomic prediction includes the use of data from multiple populations, or from parental breeds and crosses, and is expected to lead to better genomic predictions. Increased complexity comes from the need to fit non-additive effects such as dominance and/or genotype-by-environment interactions. In these models, marker effects (and breeding values) are modelled as correlated between breeds, which leads to multiple trait formulations that are based either on markers [single nucleotide polymorphism best linear unbiased prediction (SNP-BLUP)] or on individuals [genomic(G)BLUP)]. As an alternative, we propose the use of generalized least squares (GLS) followed by backsolving of marker effects using selection index (SI) theory.

Results

All investigated options have advantages and inconveniences. The SNP-BLUP yields marker effects directly, which are useful for indirect prediction and for planned matings, but is very large in number of equations and is structured in dense and sparse blocks that do not allow for simple solving. GBLUP uses a multiple trait formulation and is very general, but results in many equations that are not used, which increase memory needs, and is also structured in dense and sparse blocks. An alternative formulation of GBLUP is more compact but requires tailored programming. The alternative of solving by GLS + SI is the least consuming, both in number of operations and in memory, and it uses only single dense blocks. However, it requires dedicated programming. Computational complexity problems are exacerbated when more than additive effects are fitted, e.g. dominance effects or genotype x environment interactions.

Conclusions

As multi-breed predictions become more frequent and non-additive effects are more often included, standard equations for genomic prediction based on Henderson’s mixed model equations become less practical and may need to be replaced by more efficient (although less general) approaches such as the GLS + SI approach proposed here.
Cross-species transcriptomic analyses reveals common and opposite responses in Arabidopsis, rice and barley following oxidative stress and hormone treatment
Authors: Hartmann Andreas , Berkowitz Oliver , Whelan James , Narsai Reena
Published: February 2022

Background

For translational genomics, a roadmap is needed to know the molecular similarities or differences between species, such as model species and crop species. This knowledge is invaluable for the selection of target genes and pathways to alter downstream in response to the same stimuli. Here, the transcriptomic responses to six treatments including hormones (abscisic acid - ABA and salicylic acid - SA); treatments that cause oxidative stress (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole - 3AT, methyl viologen - MV); inhibit respiration (antimycin A - AA) or induce genetic damage (ultraviolet radiation -UV) were analysed and compared between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and rice (Oryza sativa).

Results

Common and opposite responses were identified between species, with the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) varying greatly between treatments and species. At least 70% of DEGs overlapped with at least one other treatment within a species, indicating overlapping response networks. Remarkably, 15 to 34% of orthologous DEGs showed opposite responses between species, indicating diversity in responses, despite orthology. Orthologous DEGs with common responses to multiple treatments across the three species were correlated with experimental data showing the functional importance of these genes in biotic/abiotic stress responses. The mitochondrial dysfunction response was revealed to be highly conserved in all three species in terms of responsive genes and regulation via the mitochondrial dysfunction element.

Conclusions

The orthologous DEGs that showed a common response between species indicate conserved transcriptomic responses of these pathways between species. However, many genes, including prominent salt-stress responsive genes, were oppositely responsive in multiple-stresses, highlighting fundamental differences in the responses and regulation of these genes between species. This work provides a resource for translation of knowledge or functions between species.