bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abdulla Oripovning xorijda yaratilgan she’rlarida obrazlar tasnifi va tadriji
Authors: Xudoyorova Gulrux
Published: April 2024

Maqolada A.Oripovning xorijda yaratilgan asarlaridagi obrazlar tizimi, ularning yangilanish bosqichi, nazariy tasnifi amalga oshirilgan.Obrazlar tasnifi asosida ulardagi o‘zgarishlar, kechinmani ifodalashdagi o‘rni tahlil etiladi. She’rlar yillar kesimiga muvofiq tarzda guruhlarga ajratilib, ulardagi tafakkur tadriji aniqlanadi. Vatan, ayol, yoshlik kabi mavzularda shoirning obrazlarni qo‘llash mahorati, lirik kechinmani ifoda etish usullari xususida so‘z yuritiladi. Xorijda yaratilgan 8 turkumdagi she’rlar badiiyati o‘zaro qiyos etiladi. Ularda shoir kechinmalarini aks ettirish yo‘llari aniqlanib, she’rlar makon va zamon nuqtayi nazaridan tasnif etiladi. Inson, hayvon, geografik makon, detal obrazlarning o’zaro qiyosiy tahlili amalga oshirilib, ushu obrazlarni yaratishda shoirning badiiy mahorati tadqiq etiladi. Xorij safarida yaratilgan she’rlarning obrazlar tizimida lirik kechinma aks etilishi masalasi yoritiladi.
Fostering Multicultural Resilience: Social Science Education and Professional Development in Indonesia’s Digital Era
Authors: Tapung Marianus
Published: April 2024

In an era marked by the pervasive influence of digital media and its attendant challenges, this research addresses the imperative of nurturing multicultural awareness within Indonesian society, particularly through the realm of social science education. The study recognizes the multifaceted impacts of contemporary media on the younger generation, ranging from the proliferation of radical ideologies to the erosion of traditional cultural values. Against this backdrop, it underscores the critical need for promoting multicultural education as a means of fostering ethical resilience and societal cohesion. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in library research, this study delves into the complexities of multicultural education, emphasizing its role in cultivating a generation characterized by creativity, innovation, and moral fortitude. By elucidating the significance of problem-solving competencies within the educational framework, the research advocates for a holistic approach to preparing future elementary school teachers for the challenges of a rapidly evolving socio-cultural landscape. The findings highlight the transformative potential of robust multicultural education in shaping a youth demographic endowed with integrity, character, and a commitment to tolerance—a vision consonant with the ethos of the Indonesian national identity. Through its synthesis of theoretical insights and practical implications, this research contributes to a nuanced understanding of multicultural pedagogy, thereby enriching the discourse on professional development and educational reform within global contexts. By fostering a comprehensive and forward-thinking perspective, the study endeavors to catalyze substantive advancements in elementary education practices, laying the foundation for a more inclusive and harmonious societal fabric.
Transformative Strategies: Education, Technology and Governance for Societal Development
Authors: Jain Chhavi , Sangal Atul
Published: April 2024

In the ever-evolving landscape of the 21st century, the interconnected realms of education, technology, and governance stand as pivotal pillars shaping the trajectory of societal development. This abstract delves into transformative strategies that intertwine these three spheres to foster comprehensive progress and sustainable growth. Education, as the cornerstone of societal advancement, requires a paradigm shift to adapt to the demands of the digital era. AI-powered teaching tools, immersive simulations, and personalized online platforms focus and simplify lifelong learning. Educational technology enhances critical thinking, skill development, and global adaptability. Effective governance improves society through education and technology. Inclusion is needed to close the digital divide and promote education and technology. Under collaborative governance, public-private partnerships promote innovation, resource mobilization, and information exchange. Education, technology, and government collaborate globally. Solving global problems and promoting sustainable development for diverse populations requires international cooperation, knowledge exchange, and collaboration. These innovative methods have considerable potential but face challenges. However, while these transformative strategies hold immense potential, challenges persist. Data privacy, digital literacy, and technology integration require complex ethics. Effective, inclusive policies and projects need solid infrastructure, funding, and evaluation. Lastly, education, technology, and government foster social development. These inventive solutions can empower people, overcome socio-economic inequities, and create a more egalitarian, resilient, and affluent global society by encouraging innovation, collaboration, and inclusivity.
Industry 5.0 Contribution to Sustainable Development: A Roadmap for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Saxena Ashish , Bansal Deepak , Tiwari Sadhana
Published: April 2024

There is an evaluation of the industry of 5.0 on the sustainability development procedure as much as possible. There is industrial development in evaluating the sustainability procedure. Material and methods: Survey analysis is properly determined in the primary qualitative methods with 85 responses. Significance of the study: There is an evaluation of some crucial importance of the development of industry 5.0 in the sustainability approach where the crucial development is defined appropriately. Findings: The significance of the study on the evolution of the growth of industry 5.0 in the sustainable development in the management working aspects in a proper way. Conclusion: There is the development process of sustainability in industry 5.0 is actually organized on the factors which are developed on maintaining a basic implication process.
ГЕОЛАНДШАФТТАҒЫ МӘДЕНИ КОД ПЕН МИФТІК ТАНЫМНЫҢ ӨЗАРА САБАҚТАСТЫҒЫ
Authors: А. Е. Адишева  , С. Б. Бектемирова
Published: April 2024

Соңғы уақытта «код», «мәдени код» терминдері көптеген гуманитарлық ғылымдардың зерттеу нысаны ретінде қарастырылуда. Бұл мақалада «код», «мәдени код» және «антропоморфты код» терминдерінің теориялық түсінігі мен қызметі талданған. Автор бірқатар ғылымдар саласындағы «код», «мәдени код» және «антропоморфты код» терминдерінің болмысы мен мән-маңызына арналған ғылыми ізденістерге сүйене отырып, жан-жақты зерттеу жүргізді. Осы орайда психологтардың, әлеуметтанушылардың, мәдениеттанушылардың, антропологтардың «код» және «мәдени код» терминдерінің мәнін зерттеу тәжірибесі жинақталды. Сонымен қатар, мақалада отандық және шетелдік зерттеушілердің мәдени-рухани әлемінің ең байырғы үлгісі ретіндегі миф, мифтік таным ұғымдары туралы ізденістері тұжырымдалды. Сондай-ақ, географиялық нысандардың мифтерде антропоморфтық код арқылы бейнеленуі мәселесі бойынша да ізденістер жүргізілді. Автордың басты бағыты – адамның позициясынан әлемді сипаттаудағы және әлем моделінің фрагменттерін қалыптастырудағы антропоморфтық код арқылы географиялық нысандардың мәнін зерттеу болып табылады. Қазақ халқының жер атауларын және анатомиялық терминдерден пайда болған географиялық терминологияны талдау негізінде қоршаған кеңістікті қабылдауда, игеруде және құрылымдауда, географиялық ландшафтты модельдеуде және әлемді тұжырымдауда мәдениеттің антропоморфты кодының қызметі қарастырылды. Кілтті сөздер: мәдени код, антропоморфизм, антропоморфты код, миф, мифтік таным, географиялық нысандар.
Formation of the norm in the morphology and syntax in Indian national variant of the English language
Authors: R. Zh. Saurbayev  , F. T. Yerekhanova  , N. R. Omarov  , A. K. Zhetpisbay
Published: April 2024

The article examines the morphology and syntax of English in India, which deserves special study from a linguistic and literary point of view. The development of literary English in India is caused by certain linguistic, social and cultural phenomena which can be attributed to extra-linguistic factors. The authors of the article, based on the study of factual and theoretical material, come to the conclusion that for a certain time the functioning of the English language as the language of interethnic communication in India, a new version of the English language is emerging against the background of the interaction of the native and English. Thus one can observe the overall process shaped by both intra- and extra-linguistic factors that caused the formation of the particular national variant of the English language. Sociolinguistic factors, though important, are so-called because they represent an interaction between linguistic and social factors. Such an interaction of social and linguistic factors in India may also lead to the formation of the norm of English in India, the obvious signs of which, at least in morphology and syntax, have already been noted. Keywords: British English, Indian English, morphology, norm, Standard English, syntax.
CRITICAL THINKING TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENGLISH CLASSROOM
Authors: E. Yu. Pogozheva  , S. R. Khudiyeva  , E. A. Zhuravleva  , Yu. O. Gafiatulina
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the article is determined by the insufficient level of critical thinking development among students of higher educational institutions. It is known that the key principle of success is the development of a critical thinker who is able to adapt to an ever-increasing flow of information; There is a certain contradiction between the potential of the English language as a means to develop students’ critical thinking and the insufficient development of the theory and practice of its implementation. Developing critical thinking in foreign language classes is important for several reasons. First, if language learners can take responsibility for their thinking, they can more successfully monitor and evaluate their own ways of learning. Second, critical thinking enhances students’ learning practices and makes language more meaningful to them. Third, critical thinking is highly correlated with student achievement. And finally, today the emphasis in education has shifted towards the ‘4K’ model: the development of critical thinking, creativity, communication, and cooperation. Therefore, in order to make students more competitive in modern society, we attempted to elaborate a model and course of exercises for developing students’ critical thinking skills in English classes. The results of the study, its main provisions and results can be used in the development of theoretical courses on language teaching methods. Keywords: critical thinking, creativity, communication, higher order skills, cognitive abilities.
АРХЕТИП БЛУДНОГО СЫНА В РАССКАЗЕ К. Г. ПАУСТОВСКОГО «ТЕЛЕГРАММА»
Authors: А. Д. Цветкова
Published: April 2024

Архетип блудного сына, отражающий православную концепцию мира, – один из основных архетипов русской литературы разных периодов. Истоки образа, восходящего к евангельской притче, лежат в повествовательной литературе Древней Руси. В русской литературе XIX века к нему обращаются А. С. Пушкин, Ф. М. Достоевский, выражая свое, индивидуально-авторское отношение к вечной проблеме ухода из родительского дома, греха, покаяния и возвращения. Одним из примеров «блудных детей» в литературе ХХ века является Настя из произведения К. Г. Паустовского «Телеграмма», написанного в 1946 году. В процессе предпринятого в статье анализа рассказа рассматривается преемственная связь образа его главной героини с архетипическими образами евангельской притчи и классических произведений русской литературы. Выявляется трансформация архетипического образа, на что влияют такие факторы, как общественно-политическая ситуация в стране, социальное положение главной героини, внутренняя идеология, и, конечно же, авторская позиция. Имеющий большой опыт преподавания и жизненный опыт К. Г. Паустовский в рассказе «Телеграмма» стремится предостеречь своих учеников от греховных заблуждений и ошибок. Наблюдается развитие образа как личности, но его традиционная суть остается неизменной. Ключевые слова: архетип, рассказ, блудный сын, русская литература, преемственная связь.
Compactness in the endograph uniformity
Authors: Sánchez Iván
Published: April 2024

Given a uniform space (X,U), we denote by F*(X) to the family of fuzzy sets u in (X,U) such that u is normal and upper semicontinuous. Let UE be the endograph uniformity on F*(X). In this paper, we mainly characterize totally bounded and compact substes in the uniform space (F*(X),UE).
On some questions on selectively highly divergent spaces
Authors: Bella Angelo , Spadaro Santi
Published: April 2024

A topological space X is selectively highly divergent (SHD) if for every sequence of non-empty open sets { Un : n ∈ ω } of X, we can find xn ∈ Un such that the sequence {xn : n ∈ ω } has no convergent subsequences. In this note we answer two questions related to this notion asked by Jiménez-Flores, Ríos-Herrejón, Rojas-Sánchez and Tovar-Acosta.
Understanding the Corrosion Inhibitor Dispersion Process in Water through Interaction between Stearic Acid and Alkane
Authors: Hirano Susumu , Sei Tatsuya , Kawasaki Midori , Kobayashi Atsushi , Yasuike Tomokazu
Published: April 2024

Oil-soluble and water-dispersible corrosion inhibitors are used to mitigate corrosion in pipelines. The performance of corrosion inhibitors has been described mainly in terms of the adsorption of surfactants on metal surfaces. However, the partition of the surfactant from oil to water and its dispersion in water should also significantly affect the corrosion inhibition mechanism of pipelines operating in metal-oil-water systems. Based on this perspective, we investigate the influence of oil on the dispersion process of surfactants. To this end, we measured the inhibition performance, surface tension, and dispersion into the aqueous phase for a simple model inhibitor consisting of stearic acid (surfactant) and alkanes (oil). The results indicate that the mixing of oil with surfactant increases the amount of dispersion in water by decreasing the interfacial tension, thereby improving the corrosion inhibition performance. This strongly suggests that the dispersion of surfactant in the aqueous phase is essentially important in the corrosion inhibition process in metal-oil-water systems as a preliminary step to the formation of hydrophobic film on the metal surface.
Analisis Spasial Faktor Risiko Difteri di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2022 dan 2023
Authors: Kamilla Nada Izzata , Utama Feranita , Noviani Noviani
Published: April 2024

Difteri merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bila ditemukan satu kasus difteri di suatu wilayah maka dapat ditetapkan sebagai KLB. Provinsi Lampung terus mengalami kenaikan kasus dan suspek difteri sejak 2020 dan turut menyumbang angka kematian akibat difteri pada tahun 2023. Kasus difteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan faktor risiko kasus difteri di Provinsi Lampung dengan memetakan kabupaten/kota berdasarkan persebaran dan faktor risikonya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan aplikasi Quantum GIS versi 3.28.3. Hasil menunjukan distribusi kejadian difteri di Provinsi Lampung mengalami peningkatan dibanding tahun sebelumnya. Kasus difteri tertinggi terjadi pada wilayah dengan cakupan imunisasi tinggi, cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif tinggi, prevalensi stunting tinggi, prevalensi wasting rendah, dan cakupan rumah sehat rendah. Difteri cenderung terjadi pada wilayah dengan cakupan imunisasi tinggi dan cakupan rumah sehat rendah.
Voltammetric methods for determination of Allura Red AC in foods and beverages
Authors: Şişman Elif , Ağın Fatma
Published: April 2024

Allura Red AC, is one of the azo group dyes, finds extensive application in foods and beverages such as fruit juices, baked goods, meat products, and confections. The substantial consumption of Allura Red AC has been associated with potential adverse effects on human health, like food intolerance, allergies, cancer, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, multiple sclerosis, brain damage, cardiac diseases, nausea, and asthma, largely attributed to the reaction involving aromatic azo compounds. Therefore, controlling amount of the Allura Red AC in food and beverage is very crucial. The voltammetric analysis of Allura Red AC offers numerous benefits, including high sensitivity, selectivity and rapidity. Furthermore, these methods are characterized by their robustness, reproducibility and user-friendliness. This review is gathered to the comparison of voltammetric methods being in the literature for determination of Allura Red AC in foods and beverages.
Robust Observer-Based Controller Design for Constrained Takagi-Sugeno Systems
Authors: Khoualdia Zineb , RIGHI Ines , AOUAOUDA Sabrina , GUECHI El-Hadi , Bouchaour Bilel
Published: April 2024

This work concerns a descriptor Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy system. The system is subject to disturbances, sensor faults, the presence of unmeasurable premise variables, and input saturation which the latter are considered uncertainties of the system. First, the considered system is transformed into the polytopic representation, and then, a robust  Proportional-Integral (PI) observer-based controller is designed. This observer-based controller, can estimate both the system states, and the faults, and stabilize closed-loop state trajectories. An integrated robust controller strategy is adopted by a novel structure of non-Parallel Distributed Compensation (non-PDC) control law. furthermore, the proposed approach expresses the stability conditions of controller design are expressed in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) constrained optimization problem. Using LMI TOOLBOX in MATLAB, we can easily design the type PI observer for efficient robust state/fault estimation and solve the  observer-based controller design problem of discrete-time T-S fuzzy systems. Finally, an application to a rolling disc process is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Critical Assessment of Military Interventions in Governance in West Africa: Identifying the Root Causes
Authors: Daffeh Abdoukabirr
Published: April 2024

This study explores critical factors of military interventions in Governance in West Africa. The study uses case studies research design and interviews as a method of data collection to examine critical factors that cause military interventions in governance in West Africa. The findings show a lack of democratic governance and unemployment as factors responsible for Military intervention in Governance in West Africa. Consequently, the study found that Military coups continue to be on the rise in West Africa with the sub-region witnessing 5 successful coups from 2020 -2023. While the study acknowledges the significant rise of military intervention in governance in West Africa, the study in contrast found that military intervention does not necessarily provide any sustainable alternative for democratic governance and development in West Africa. The study concludes that military intervention in governance leads to further underdevelopment in West Africa and negates the democratic values of multiparty democracy and periodic elections. The study recommends strengthening of principles of democratic governance and enhancing economic opportunities for its citizenry as a means to control incising military intervention in West African governance.
Effect of Procurement Contract Management Practices on Performance of Public Institutions. A Case of Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC) Musanze, Rwanda
Authors: Uwiringiyimana Theodore , Dushimimana Jean de Dieu
Published: April 2024

The general objective of this research was to examine the effectiveness of procurement contract management practices on performance of public institutions in Rwanda. The specific objectives of the study were to assess the effect of contract cycle on performance of Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC) Musanze, analyze the effect of contract execution on performance of Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC) Musanze, examine the effect of contract relationship management on performance of Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC) Musanze and assess the effect of contract monitoring on performance of Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC) Musanze. This study utilized descriptive and correlation analysis as its primary research methods. A descriptive study also was used to describe the participants’ demographic information. A correlational analysis also was performed. The researcher was able to identify the relationship among contract management and performance of public institutions through a correlation study. The study population for this study was 72 Staffs of IPRC Musanze including Principal, Deputy Principal in Charge of Academics and Training, Corporate services Division Manager, Legal officer, Internal auditor, Logistics officer, Store keeper, Procurement Officer, Administration & Finance department, Workshop Assistants (End users), Instructors (End users), Receiving committee, Contract management team and public tender committee. Given the limited number of individuals or units in the population under study, the researcher has chosen to use a census inquiry method rather than sampling. Documentary, interview and questionnaire sources used as tools of data collection for the study. Questionnaires were distributed to 72 employees of IPRC Musanze. Using SPSS, the researcher determined descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions, percentages, means, and correlations. The correlation results show that a strong contract cycle exhibits highly significant positive correlation with the Performance of public institution (r=0.668, p=0.000<0.05). Effective Contract execution is significantly correlated with Performance of public institution (r=0.627, p=0.000<0.05). Contract relationship significantly correlates with Performance of public institution (r=0.699, p=0.000<0.05). Contract monitoring demonstrates a significant positive relationship with the Performance of public institution (r=0.699, p=0.000<0.05). The findings show that contract execution shows the highest effect (β1 = 0.264, t=2.760), followed by contract monitoring (β2= 0.239, t=2.069), contract cycle (β3= 0.232, t=1.884), and relationship (β4=0.212, t=1.592). IPRC Musanze should strengthen performance through enhanced contract cycles, execution, relationships, and monitoring, while focusing on sustainability and technology integration.
GESTÃO DE PESSOAS: ANÁLISE DO CLIMA ORGANIZACIONAL NA PERSPECTIVA DOS COLABORADORES EM UMA EMPRESA DE AUTOPEÇAS LOCALIZADA NA CIDADE DE ITAMARAJU-BA
Authors: Silva Laíla Santos da , Bohana Lívia França , Melo Gustavo Souza de
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo aborda uma análise do clima organizacional sob uma perspectiva do olhar do colaborador em uma empresa de autopeças no município de Itamaraju-Bahia. O clima organizacional está relacionado a diversos fatores, tais como comunicação, liderança, cultura e ambiente de trabalho. Sendo assim, a variabilidade do clima pode influenciar o desempenho das atividades empresariais, que pode ser um facilitador para o alcance dos objetivos ou dificultador. Mediante isso, o problema questionado é: Qual a visão interna dos colaboradores sobre as ações e orientações da estrutura organizacional da empresa de autopeças? Assim, este estudo busca levantar informações, para a tomada de decisões administrativas, na gestão de pessoas e, com isso, elenca-se o objetivo geral de analisar sobre a compreensão dos colaboradores em relação ao clima organizacional da empresa estudada. Os objetivos específicos são contextualizar a gestão de pessoas, o conceito do clima e cultura organizacional, por meio de referenciais teóricos; interpretar as respostas dos colaboradores com adequações administrativas na gestão de pessoas e avaliar os dados, para sugerir possíveis mudanças, a fim de melhorar os processos. A metodologia básica desta pesquisa é qualiquantitativa buscando um conhecimento exploratório, por meio de questionários estruturados respondidos por 17 colaboradores, estudo direcionado a uma empresa de autopeças, localizada na cidade de Itamaraju, microrregião do Sul da Bahia, e pesquisas bibliográficas, por meios de livros, Google Acadêmico, artigos científicos, entre outros. O trabalho teve os objetivos atingidos e concluiu a importância do clima organizacional nos impactos diretos em situações como sensação de pertencimento do colaborador com a empresa e identidade colaborativa com as ações de atendimento direto ao cliente. A justificativa principal é que a compreensão da importância do tema é imprescindível, para que todos os envolvidos em uma organização possam criar um bom relacionamento interpessoal, clima, processos bem estruturados e consequentemente produtividade por meio dele.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA CIRURGIA ROBÓTICA NO TRATAMENTO DO CÂNCER COLORRETAL
Authors: Costa Petrônio Santos , Martins Juliana Pelosi , Diório Aline Cintra Nemer , Simão Ana Clara Resende Silveira , Amaral Eduardo Ribeiro da Fonseca
Published: April 2024

A cirurgia robótica tem desempenhado um papel crescente no tratamento do câncer colorretal, oferecendo uma abordagem avançada e menos invasiva para intervenções cirúrgicas. Ao longo dos últimos anos, esta modalidade tem sido objeto de crescente interesse e pesquisa devido aos seus potenciais benefícios em termos de precisão, recuperação e resultados a longo prazo para os pacientes. A aplicação da cirurgia robótica nesse contexto visa melhorar a eficácia do tratamento, reduzir complicações pós-operatórias e promover uma recuperação mais rápida. No entanto, a eficácia e segurança dessa abordagem precisam ser avaliadas de maneira abrangente e sistemática por meio de revisões da literatura. Objetivo: Investigar o papel da cirurgia robótica no tratamento do câncer colorretal, analisando evidências recentes publicadas nos últimos 10 anos. Metodologia: Utilizando o checklist PRISMA, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science para identificar artigos relevantes publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Os descritores utilizados foram "cirurgia robótica", "câncer colorretal", "tratamento", "resultados" e "revisão". Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos publicados em inglês, estudos clínicos randomizados e revisões sistemáticas. Os critérios de exclusão foram estudos com amostras pequenas, estudos sem dados relevantes sobre cirurgia robótica e estudos duplicados. Resultados: Os resultados da revisão sistemática destacaram uma variedade de tópicos relacionados à utilização da cirurgia robótica no tratamento do câncer colorretal. Isso incluiu vantagens como maior precisão na ressecção tumoral, menor tempo de internação hospitalar e taxas reduzidas de complicações pós-operatórias. Além disso, foram discutidos desafios e limitações, como o alto custo associado à tecnologia e a curva de aprendizado para os cirurgiões. Conclusão: A cirurgia robótica apresenta-se como uma abordagem promissora e eficaz no tratamento do câncer colorretal, oferecendo benefícios significativos para os pacientes. No entanto, é necessário um maior entendimento sobre sua aplicação clínica e impacto a longo prazo por meio de pesquisas adicionais e estudos de acompanhamento. Essa revisão sistemática fornece insights importantes sobre o estado atual da cirurgia robótica nesse contexto, destacando tanto suas potenciais vantagens quanto as áreas que requerem mais investigação.
Anais do Scientiarum Historia 15
Authors: Froes Maira Monteiro
Published: April 2024

Coletânea de trabalhos completos inscritos na 15a. edição do Congresso Scientiarum Historia, realização do Programa de História das Ciências e das Técnicas e Epistemologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Thermodynamic and cloud evolution in a cold-air outbreak during HALO-(AC)3: quasi-Lagrangian observations compared to the ERA5 and CARRA reanalyses
Authors: Kirbus Benjamin , Schirmacher Imke , Klingebiel Marcus , Schäfer Michael , Ehrlich André , Slättberg Nils , Lucke Johannes , Moser Manuel , Müller Hanno , Wendisch Manfred
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Arctic air masses undergo intense transformations when moving southward from closed sea ice to warmer open waters in marine cold-air outbreaks (CAOs). Due to the lack of measurements of diabatic heating and moisture uptake rates along CAO flows, studies often depend on atmospheric reanalysis output. However, the uncertainties connected to those datasets remain unclear. Here, we present height-resolved airborne observations of diabatic heating, moisture uptake, and cloud evolution measured in a quasi-Lagrangian manner. The investigated CAO was observed on 1 April 2022 during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign. Shortly after passing the sea-ice edge, maximum diabatic heating rates over 6 K h−1 and moisture uptake over 0.3 gkg-1h-1 were measured near the surface. Clouds started forming and vertical mixing within the deepening boundary layer intensified. The quasi-Lagrangian observations are compared with the fifth-generation global reanalysis (ERA5) and the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA). Compared to these observations, the mean absolute errors of ERA5 versus CARRA data are 14 % higher for air temperature over sea ice (1.14 K versus 1.00 K) and 62 % higher for specific humidity over ice-free ocean (0.112 g kg−1 versus 0.069 g kg−1). We relate these differences to issues with the representation of the marginal ice zone and corresponding surface fluxes in ERA5, as well as the cloud scheme producing excess liquid-bearing, precipitating clouds, which causes a too-dry marine boundary layer. CARRA's high spatial resolution and demonstrated higher fidelity towards observations make it a promising candidate for further studies on Arctic air mass transformations.
Directly measuring the power-law exponent and kinetic energy of atmospheric turbulence using coherent Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Xian Jinhong , Lu Chao , Lin Xiaoling , Yang Honglong , Zhang Ning , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric turbulence parameters, such as turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate, are of great significance in weather prediction, meteorological disasters, and forecasting. Due to the lack of ideal direct detection methods, traditional structure function methods are mainly based on Kolmogorov's assumption of local isotropic turbulence and the well-known -5/3 power law within the inertial subrange, which limits their application. Here, we propose a method for directly measuring atmospheric turbulence parameters using coherent Doppler wind lidar, which can directly obtain atmospheric turbulence parameters and vertical structural features, breaking the limitations of traditional methods. The first published spatiotemporal distribution map of the power-law exponent of the inertial subrange is provided in this study, which indicates the heterogeneity of atmospheric turbulence at different altitudes and also indicates that the power-law exponent at high altitudes does not fully comply with the -5/3 power law, proving the superiority of our method. We analyze the results under different weather conditions, indicating that the method still holds. The turbulent kinetic energy and power-law index obtained by this method are continuously compared with the results obtained with an ultrasonic anemometer for a month-long period. The results of the two have high consistency and correlation, verifying the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method. The proposed method has great significance in studying the vertical structural characteristics of atmospheric turbulence.
The role of refractive indices in measuring mineral dust with high-spectral resolution infrared satellite sounders: Application to the Gobi Desert
Authors: Alalam Perla , Ducos Fabrice , Herbin Hervé
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Mineral dust significantly influences the Earth's climate system by affecting the Earth's radiative balance through the absorption and scattering of solar and terrestrial radiation. Understanding the physico-chemical properties of dust in the longwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is crucial for a more accurate estimation of the radiative budget. The complex refractive index (CRI) of dust in the infrared (IR) is a key parameter for mineral dust characterization from satellite remote sensing. Particularly, high-spectral-resolution instruments have shown the ability to measure these aerosol properties, e.g., the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Instrument (IASI). This work reviews six prior laboratory Complex Refractive Index (CRI) datasets, which focus on advancements in laboratory measurement techniques aimed at characterizing dust properties via IASI measurements during a dust storm event over the Gobi Desert in May 2017. We evaluate the sensitivity of IASI to different CRI datasets using the ARAHMIS radiative transfer algorithm and explore their impact on retrieving size distribution parameters by mapping their spatial distribution. The results indicate that the new laboratory CRI datasets decrease the total error by 30 % and that the choice of CRI significantly impacts the accuracy of dust detection and characterization from satellite observations. Notably, datasets that incorporate aerosol generation techniques with higher spectral resolution and samples from the case study region show enhanced compatibility with IASI observations. The outcomes of this research emphasize two key points: the crucial connection between dust's chemical composition and its optical properties, and the need to consider the specific composition of the CRI dataset for improved retrieval of the microphysical parameters. Moreover, this study highlights the critical role of continuous enhancements in CRI measurement approaches, as well as the potential of high-spectral-resolution infrared sounders for aerosol atmospheric investigation and understanding their radiative impacts.
Estimating freshwater flux amplification with ocean tracers via linear response theory
Authors: Basinski-Ferris Aurora , Zanna Laure
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Accurate estimation of changes in the global hydrological cycle over the historical record is important for model evaluation and understanding future trends. Freshwater flux trends cannot be accurately measured directly, so quantification of change often relies on ocean salinity trends. However, anthropogenic forcing has also induced ocean transport change, which imprints on salinity. We find that this ocean transport affects the surface salinity of the saltiest regions (the subtropics) while having little impact on the surface salinity in other parts of the globe. We present a method based on linear response theory which accounts for the regional impact of ocean circulation changes while estimating freshwater fluxes from ocean tracers. Testing on data from the Community Earth System Model large ensemble, we find that our method can recover the true amplification of freshwater fluxes, given thresholded statistical significance values for salinity trends. We apply the method to observations and conclude that from 1975–2019, the hydrological cycle has amplified by 5.04±1.27 % per degree Celsius of surface warming.
Deriving a Transformation Rate Map of Dissolved Organic Carbon over the Contiguous U.S.
Authors: Li Lingbo , Li Hong-Yi , Abeshu Guta , Tang Jinyun , Leung L. Ruby , Liao Chang , Tan Zeli , Tian Hanqin , Thornton Peter , Yang Xiaojuan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a vital role in regional and global carbon cycles. However, the processes of DOC conversion from soil organic carbon (SOC) and leaching into rivers are insufficiently understood, inconsistently represented, and poorly parameterized, particularly in land surface and earth system models. As a first attempt to fill this gap, we propose a generic formula that directly connects SOC concentration with DOC concentration in headwater streams, where a single parameter, the transformation rate from SOC in the soil to DOC leaching flux, Pr, accounts for the overall processes governing SOC conversion to DOC and leaching from soils (along with runoff) into headwater streams. We then derive a high-resolution Pr map over the contiguous U.S. (CONUS) in five major steps: 1) selecting 2595 headwater catchments where observed riverine DOC data are available with reasonable quality; 2) estimating catchment-average SOC for the 2595 catchments based on high-resolution SOC data; 3) estimating the Pr values for these catchments based on the generic formula and catchment-average SOC; 4) developing a predictive model of Pr with machine learning (ML) techniques and catchment-scale climate, hydrology, geology, and other attributes; and 5) deriving a national map of Pr, based on the ML model. For evaluation, we compare the DOC concentration derived using the Pr map and the observed DOC concentration values at another 3210 headwater gauges. The resulting mean absolute scaled error and coefficient of determination are 0.73 and 0.47, respectively, suggesting the effectiveness of the overall methodology. Efforts to constrain uncertainty and evaluate the sensitivity of Pr to different factors are discussed. To illustrate the use of such a map, we derive a riverine DOC concentration reanalysis dataset for more than two million small catchments over CONUS. The map, robustly derived and empirically validated, lays a critical cornerstone for better simulating the terrestrial carbon cycle in land surface and earth system models. Our findings not only set a foundation for improving our predictive understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle at the regional and global scales but also hold promises for informing policy decisions related to decarbonization and climate change mitigation.
Constructing a measurement-based spatially explicit inventory of US oil and gas methane emissions
Authors: Omara Mark , Himmelberger Anthony , MacKay Katlyn , Williams James P. , Benmergui Joshua , Sargent Maryann , Wofsy Steven C. , Gautam Ritesh
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Accurate and comprehensive quantification of oil and gas methane emissions is pivotal in informing effective methane mitigation policies, while also supporting the assessment and tracking of progress towards emissions reduction targets set by governments and industry. While national bottom-up source-level inventories are useful for understanding the sources of methane emissions, they are often unrepresentative across spatial scales, and their reliance on generic emission factors produces underestimations when compared with measurement-based inventories. Here, we compile and analyze previously reported ground-based facility-level methane emissions measurements in the major US oil and gas producing basins and develop representative methane emission profiles for key facility categories in the US oil and gas supply chain, including well sites, natural gas compressor stations, processing plants, crude oil refineries, and pipelines. We then integrate these emissions data with comprehensive spatial data on national oil and gas activity to estimate each facility’s mean total methane emissions and uncertainties, from which we develop a mean estimate of national methane emissions, resolved at 0.1° × 0.1° spatial scales (~10 km × 10 km). From this measurement-based methane emissions inventory (EI-ME), we estimate total US national oil/gas methane emissions of 15.7 Tg (95 % confidence interval of 14–18 Tg) in 2021 which is 2.5 times greater than the EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Our estimate represents a mean gas production-normalized methane loss rate of 2.6 %, consistent with recent satellite-based estimates. We find significant variability in both the magnitude and spatial distribution of basin-level methane emissions, ranging from <1 % methane loss rates in the gas-dominant Appalachian and Haynesville regions to >3–6 % in oil-dominant basins, including the Permian, Bakken, and the Uinta. Additionally, we present and compare novel comprehensive wide-area airborne remote sensing data and results of total area methane emissions and the relative contributions of diffuse and concentrated methane point sources as quantified using MethaneAIR in sub-regions of the Permian and Uinta basins that together indicate diffuse area sources accounting for the majority of total regional oil and gas emissions. Our assessment offers key insights into plausible underlying drivers of basin-to-basin variabilities in oil and gas methane emissions, emphasizing the importance of integrating measurement-based data in developing high-resolution, spatially explicit methane inventories in support of accurate methane assessment, attribution, and mitigation. The high-resolution spatially explicit EI-ME inventory is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10734300 (Omara et al. 2024).
Intercomparison of multiple two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models (WRF v4.1.1–CMAQ v5.3.1, WRF–Chem v4.1.1, and WRF v3.7.1–CHIMERE v2020r1) in eastern China
Authors: Gao Chao , Zhang Xuelei , Xiu Aijun , Tong Qingqing , Zhao Hongmei , Zhang Shichun , Yang Guangyi , Zhang Mengduo , Xie Shengjin
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models, which account for aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions, have been employed to simulate meteorology and air quality more realistically. Although numerous related studies have been conducted, none have compared the performances of multiple two-way coupled models in simulating meteorology and air quality over eastern China. Thus, we systematically evaluated annual and seasonal meteorological and air quality variables simulated by three open-source, widely utilized two-way coupled models (Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)–Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF–CMAQ), WRF coupled with chemistry (WRF–Chem), and WRF coupled with a regional chemistry-transport model named CHIMERE (WRF–CHIMERE)) by validating their results with surface and satellite observations for eastern China in 2017. Although we have made every effort to evaluate these three coupled models by using configurations that are as consistent as possible, there are still unavoidable differences between them in their treatments of physical and chemical processes. Our thorough evaluations revealed that all three two-way coupled models captured the annual and seasonal spatiotemporal characteristics of meteorology and air quality reasonably well. Notably, the role of the aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) in improving the models' performances was limited compared to that of the aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI). The sources of uncertainties and bias in the different ACI schemes in the two-way coupled models were identified. With sufficient computational resources, these models can provide more accurate air quality forecasting to support atmospheric environment management and deliver timely warnings of heavy air pollution events. Finally, we propose potential improvements to two-way coupled models for future research.
Development of a flexible endoscopic robot with autonomous tracking control ability using machine vision and deep learning
Authors: Qian Sen , Zhang Jianxi , Pei Zongkun , Sun Xiantao , Wu Zhe
Published: April 2024

Abstract. A flexible endoscopic robot is designed to solve the problem that it is difficult for auxiliary doctors to maintain a stable visual field in traditional endoscopic surgery. Based on geometric derivation, a motion control method under the constraint of the remote center motion (RCM) of the robot system is established, and a set of circular trajectories are planned for it. The RCM error of the robot during operation and the actual trajectory of the robot end in three-dimensional space are obtained through the motion capture system. The end of the robot is controlled by the heterogeneous primary–secondary teleoperation control algorithm based on position increments. Finally, the RTMDet deep learning object detection algorithm was selected to identify and locate surgical instruments through comparative experiments, and the autonomous tracking control was completed based on visual guidance. In the process of autonomous tracking, the RCM error was less than 1 mm, which met the actual surgical requirements.
Probabilistic cost modeling as a basis for optimizing the inspection and maintenance of support structures in offshore wind farms
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Schneider Ronald , Thöns Sebastian , Gündel Max
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The operational management of offshore wind farms includes inspection and maintenance (I&M) of the turbine support structures. These activities are complex and influenced by numerous uncertain factors that affect their costs. The uncertainty in the I&M costs should be considered in decision and value of information analyses performed to optimize I&M regimes. In this paper, we present a probabilistic cost model for I&M activities in an offshore wind farm serviced by boats operating from a port base. The model is developed based on interviews with a wind farm operator, consultants, and operation and maintenance engineers, as well as on scientific literature. Various I&M methods are considered, and the model is evaluated to predict probabilistic I&M costs at different levels, i.e., wind farm, structural system, and structural component. A sensitivity analysis is performed to study the influence of the different model parameters on the overall I&M costs. Finally, the model is included in a numerical example in which the I&M regime for a steel frame subject to fatigue is optimized using risk-informed methods. The frame's characteristics are comparable to those of a jacket structure supporting an offshore wind turbine. In the example, we demonstrate that the I&M costs can be considered deterministically as expected values since they are included in the optimization on a linear basis.
Tantangan Pengajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SD
Authors: Mala Rosmala , Ashari Hamzah Rahma
Published: April 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang tantangan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar yang dihadapi oleh guru,untuk mendeskripsikan solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi tantangan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar,untuk menjelaskan upaya dalam meningkatkan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar,untuk mengetahui apa saja peluang pembelajaran bahasa Indonesisa di sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis library research, implikasi hasil penelitian ini memberikan sumbangan penting untuk meningkatkan efektiviitas pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah ditingkat dasar. Hasilnya memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang kompleksitas pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di tingkat dasar, menyoroti potensi perbaikan pada aspek kurikulum dan strategi pelajaran guna meningkatakan efisiensi dan efektifitas pendidikan bahasa di tahap awal pendidikan. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi untuk pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang tantangan dalam mendukung pengembangan keahlian berbahasa pada tingkat dasar.
Inclusive Education in England, Australia, the United States, and Canada: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Sider Steve , Ainscow Mel , Carington Suzanne , Shields Carolyn , Mavropoulou Sofia , Nepal Smita , Daw Kiara
Published: April 2024

We provide a high-level overview of inclusive education developments in England, Australia, the United States, and Canada, the countries within which much of our research has been completed. For each country, we discuss the work that we have each done within that context, key policy initiatives, and identified levers of system change. Despite significant international, national, and regional policies and agreements to support inclusive education, there remain many gaps between the vision for inclusive education and the reality on the ground. We offer three “now what?” areas to consider in moving toward achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4—inclusive and equitable quality education—by 2030: implementation, context, and a focus on inclusive, not special, education.