bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Використання пшона у виробництві хліба оздоровчого призначення
Authors: Дубініна А.А. , Ленерт С.О. , Попова Т.М.
Published: December 2016

У статті обґрунтовано доцільність використання крупи пшоно у виробництві хлібобулочних виробів. Наведено результати розробки рецептурного складу нового виду хліба із пшеничного борошна з додаванням пшона, попередньо відвареного до напівготовності. Із метою створення виробу оздоровчого призначення запропоновано використання сухих заквасок замість термофільних дріжджів. Для поліпшення структурно-механічних властивостей тіста та покращення якості пшоняного хліба запропоновано введення в рецептуру ферментних препаратів з геміцелюлазною активністю, зокрема препарату Пентопан 500 BG виробництва фірми «Novozymes A/S». Визначено органолептичні та фізико-хімічні показники якості контрольного зразка хліба (без додавання пшона) та дослідних зразків з різною кількістю внесеного пшона. Встановлено доцільність заміни борошна пшеничного на пшоно у кількості 20 – 30 %. Показано, що хліб з таким вмістом пшона характеризується підвищеною харчовою цінністю і одночасно має  достатньо високі показники якості, які повністю відповідають встановленим вимогам.
Quality of the water received from air by means of conditioners
Authors: Kovalenko O. , Kormosh K.
Published: December 2016

For the recreational zone located in the Odessa region along the coast of the Black Sea it is expedient to use (as an additional source of water supply) the water received from air. It is shown that it is possible to receive water from air by means of conditioners which it is much placed on recreation facilities and sanatoria. As water from air may contain various dissolved substances, it is necessary to investigate its quality. It is important to know it for development of technology of water treatment. Results of research of quality of water of two types are presented. Samples are received under different service conditions of conditioners. In samples indicators of epidemic safety, and also sanitary and chemical indicators of safety and quality of the water received from air are defined.
Моніторинг безпечності та якості природної мінеральної води свердловини № 14/7832 м. Одеса
Authors: Нікіпелова О.М.
Published: December 2016

Проблема формування хімічного складу та біоценозів підземних вод досі є однією з найбільш складних проблем теоретичної гідрогеології. Найбільший інтерес представляють такі процеси, як зміни фізико-хімічного складу та мікробіологічного стану підземних вод. Моніторинг підземних вод та санітарно-мікробіологічні дослідження розглянуто на прикладі природної мінеральної води свердловини № 14/7832 м. Одеса з часом. Дослідження проводилися ДУ «УкрНДІ МРтаК МОЗ України» з 1999 по 2010 рр. На основі отриманих даних побудовано графіки, на які накладено апроксимаційні лінії. Їх використано для визначення можливої зміни макрокомпонентів та мінералізації. Взагалі, загальна тенденція залишається незмінною. Санітарно-мікробіологічний стан мінеральної води свердловини був задовільним.
Сondition analysis of stone fruit crops during their processing on perforated surface under centrifugal forces
Authors: Kepin М. I.
Published: December 2016

In this article there is analysis of condition of stone fruit crops in fresh during their rotative movement on immobile perforated surface of cylindrical coating under field of centrifugal forces aimed at division onto semi-product (flesh) and waste (stones). Division is being performed via separation of flesh fragments from stones by hole edges. Separation intensiveness (productivity of the process) depends on structural-mechanical properties of fruit fleshes and their rotative speed.On the example of separate fruit it has been experimentally proved that besides rotative movement on inner surface of the coating there is rotative movement of a fruit around its own axle what promotes even separation of flesh. Such a rotation is typical for fruits with maturity stage even throughout the volume, otherwise breach of skin with following flesh separation occurs locally.Experimental researches carried out with apricot fruits and cornel have shown that productivity of the process of fruit separation depends of strength features of tissues and rotative speed of blades. Offered way of processing is carried out in non-stop mode and may be realized for all types of stone fruit crops independently on association between flesh and stone.
THE ASSESSMENT MODELS OF AIR POLLUTION DURING TRANSPORTATION OF BULK CARGO
Authors: Biliaiev M. M. , Oladipo M. O.
Published: December 2016

Purpose. The scientific work is concentrated on development of 3D, 2D numerical models for the prediction of atmospheric pollution during transport of bulk cargo in the railway car. Methodology. To solve this problem numerical models were developed, based on the use of the motion equations of inviscid incompressible fluid and mass transfer, to determine the field of wind velocity near the cars and dispersion of dust in the atmosphere. For the numerical integration of the pollutant transport equation implicit alternating-triangular difference scheme was used. When constructing a difference scheme splitting of the transport equation is carried out that allows us to construct an efficient algorithm for solving a differential problem. Unknown value of the pollutant concentration at every step of splitting is determined by the explicit scheme – the method of point-to-point computation, which provides a simple numerical implementation of splitting equations. For numerical integration of the 3D equation for the velocity potential method of Richardson is applied. For numerical integration of the 2D equation for the velocity potential the method of total approximation is applied. The developed numerical models are the basis of established software package. On the basis of the constructed numerical models a computational experiment to assess the level of air pollution when demolition of coal dust from the gondola car was carried out. Findings. 3D, 2D numerical models that belong to the class «diagnostic models» were developed. These models take into account the main physical factors affecting the process of dust pollution dispersion in the atmosphere during transportation of bulk cargo, but require small costs of the computer time in the practice at the low and medium power machines. These models are used for serial calculations of various situations of scenarios related to issues of environmental protection and pollution intensity diagnostics for different weather conditions. Computational calculations to determine pollutant concentrations and formation of pollution zone near the cars with bulk cargo in «microscale» scale were submitted. Originality. 3D, 2D numerical models were created. They allow taking into account the relevant factors, influencing the process of pollutants dispersion in the atmosphere, and formation of the pollution zone during transport of bulk cargo by rail. Practical value. Efficient numerical models «diagnostic models» for rapid calculation of the atmosphere pollution level during transportation of bulk cargo by rail were considered. Models can be used in the development of environmental protection measures at the operation of rail transport. Proposed model allows calculating 3D, 2D hydrodynamics of wind flow and mass transfer process of pollutants in the atmosphere.
MODELLING OF SAFETY-RELATED COMMUNICATIONS FOR RAILWAY APPLICATIONS
Authors: Franekowa M. , Lüley P.
Published: December 2016

Purpose. The authors according to requirements of the standard valid for safety-related communication between interlocking systems (EN 50159) analyze the situation of message undetected which is transmitted across BSC channel. The main part is orientated to description of model with CRC code used for messages assurance across noise communication channel. Methodology. For mathematical description of encoding, decoding, error detection and error correction is used algebra of polynomials. Findings. The determination of the intensity of dangerous failure caused by the electromagnetic interference was calculated. Originality. To obtain information on the probability of undetected error in transmission code and safety code and on the intensity of dangerous failure from the motel it was created program with graphical interface. To calculate the probability of undetected error for any block code (n, k) was created a supporting program that displays the probabilityof undetected error for selected interval of error bit rate. Practical value.From the measured and calculated values obtained by the simulation one can see that with increasing error bit rate is increasing also intensity of dangerous failures. Transmission code did not detect all corrupted messages therefore it is necessary to use safety code independent on transmission code in safety-related applications. CRC is not able to detect errors if all bits are logical 0.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF INTERACTION OF TRACK AND ROLLING STOCK ON CROSSOVERS
Authors: Arbuzov M. A. , Patlasov O. M. , Tokariev S. O.
Published: December 2016

Purpose. Recently on the Ukrainian railways network more attention is paid to the cases of violations in the maintenance of crossovers, which may lead to deterioration of the train traffic safety conditions. As a rule, such violations occur as a result of inaccuracies during crossover pegging and laying, as well as are the consequence of impact of rolling stock and thermal forces. The appearance of geometrical irregularities can also be triggered by violation of the scheme of layout of concrete sleepers in the crossover turnout curve with intertrack spaces of less than 5.3 m. Therefore, we have decided to analyze the impact of the presence of deviations from the layout scheme of the sleepers and geometric irregularities on the conditions of track and rolling stock interaction based on the results of experimental investigations. It was also decided to establish a connection between the stress-strain states of the track and the presence of short sleepers. Methodology. The effect of deviations from the layout scheme of the sleepers and geometric irregularities on the interaction conditions of track and rolling stock was studied by means of theoretical calculations and experimental research. The experimental research covered the area on the non-public railway tracks that meets the required conditions for scientific and research work on the territory of «Transinvestservice» company. Findings. The distribution of stresses and forces acting on a railway track depending on speed movement of experienced rolling stock was obtained. In addition we obtained the data on the influence of the sleeper geometric parameters on its stress-strain state. Originality. For the first time the paper assessed the impact of rolling stock in the presence of geometrical irregularities and asymmetrically truncated sleepers within the crossover connection part on the stress-strain state of track in this zone. In addition, we compared the results for the area with common and shortened sleepers. Practical value. The obtained experimental data allowed determining that the stress-strain state of the track structure in the crossover turnout curve at rolling stock speeds of up to 40 km/h fulfills the conditions of strength and stability. These results can be used to test mathematical models and theoretical studies on the development of standards for the maintenance of crossovers. The level of the obtained vertical, lateral forces and stresses practically does not depend on the presence of the truncated part of the sleepers, which are stacked in crossovers.
CONSTRUCTIVE MODELLING FOR ZONE OF RECOVERY ENERGY DISTRIBUTION OF DC TRACTION
Authors: Shynkarenko V. I. , Sablin O. I. , Ivanov O. P.
Published: December 2016

Purpose.The article is aimed to develop the means and methods of forming a plurality of real and potential structural diagrams for zones of energy recovery and different locations of trains for further training neuro-fuzzy networks on the basis of expert solutions and also for the formation of good control. Methodology. Methodology of mathematical and algorithmic constructivism for modeling the structural diagrams of the electric supply system and modes of traction power consumption and the train’s locations in zones of energy recovery was applied. This approach involves the development of constructive-synthesizing structures (CSS) with transformation by specialization, interpretation, specification and implementation. Development CSS provides an extensible definition media, relations and the signature of operations and constructive axiomatic. The most complex and essential part of the axioms is the set formed by the substitution rules defining the process of withdrawal of the corresponding structures. Findings. A specialized and specified CSS, which allows considering all the possibilities and features, that supply power traction systems with modern equipment, stations and trains location was designed. Its feature: the semantic content of the terminal alphabet images of electrical traction network and power consumers with relevant attributes. A special case of the formation of the structural diagram shows the possibilities CSS in relation to this problem. Originality. A new approach to solving the problem of rational use of energy recovery, which consists in application of the methods and means of artificial neural networks, expert systems, fuzzy logic and mathematical and algorithmic constructivism. This paper presents the methods of constructive simulation of a production-distribution of energy recovery zone structure in the system of the DC traction. Practical value. The tasks decision of the rational use of energy recovery can significantly save energy, contribute to the technical re-equipment of a railway transportation of Ukraine through the introduction of modern means and capabilities. The developed model can be used to solve other energy-saving tasks in different systems of electric transport.
APPLICABILITY OF FS-ALL-METAL SELF-LOCK NUTS FOR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK OF 1520 MM GAUGE
Authors: Kreis R. , Lisnychyi V. S.
Published: December 2016

Purpose. One of key requirements for rolling stock of next generation is essential increase of warranty period or running between maintenance depots and in periods between programming repair works. This will lead to a reduction of costs to maintenance and repair during service life of rolling stock. In this regard, the industry aspires to use (during construction, repairs, modernization of rolling stock) a modern screw joints in structures for fixing parts. These screw joints could provide a high reliability under the action of vibration load. FS-hexagon all-metal self-lock nuts of multiple use, Flaig + Hommel GmbH company meets these requirements. Therefore, there is the need to consider the results of tests to confirm the reliability of FS-nuts in the new environment. Methodology. Test complex of developed programs and methods was carried out on railway rolling stock for functional demonstration of screw joints with FS-nuts. These tests include: 1) proof test and locking moment test as specified in ISO 2320 under normal climatic conditions and after low temperatures impact; 2) running test for rolling stock, secured the most load condition and according to supervised operation of next generation cars on the railway. Findings. Results of the tests testify that FS-all-metal self-lock nuts meet the requirements of international standards and confirm the reliability of the next generation rolling stock during its operation on the railway of 1520 mm gauge. Namely, locking moment and tightening torque is maintained in screw joints both on spring-suspended and unspring parts of freight car bogies by the action of vibration load under multiple use of FS-nuts. Originality. The developed software and methods was improved by conducting additional tests after exposure of screw joints with FS-nuts to low temperatures, as well as by control operations for assessing the condition of screw joints with FS-nuts, in the conditions of controlled operation of rolling stock. It fully allows confirming the reliability of the FS-nuts on the rolling stock of 1520 mm gauge railways.Practical value. Application of FS-nuts makes it possible to stop using secondary members in screw joints of railway rolling stock of 1520 mm gauge. These secondary members are used for reaction to slacking under vibration and consist of castle nuts, retaining washers, locking washers, serrated washers, check plates, disposable clamps. Using FS-nuts allow providing the rating rules for next generation of rolling stock. Besides the modern technologies of FS-nuts production provide their prolonged running time under the conditions of pollution, humidity, differential temperature and other adverse factors.
Acessibilidade Arquitetônica e Desenho Universal no Mundo e Brasil
Authors: Feitosa Lucas de Souza Ramalhaes , Righi Roberto
Published: December 2016

Este artigo objetiva mostrar o surgimento e desenvolvimento dos conceitos modernos de acessibilidade, desenho universal, acessibilidade no Brasil e mundo, e envolvendo a preocupação com espaços acessíveis e universais para atender as pessoas, possuindo ou não algum tipo de deficiência e as questões para inclusão social. Houve um agravamento na demanda por acessibilidade resultante de um aumento absoluto e relativo do número de pessoas com deficiência no Brasil e mundo, que é abordado neste trabalho. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acessibilidade, Pessoa com Deficiência; Desenho Universal; Inclusão Social, Ergonomia. Architectural Accessibility and Universal Design in the World and Brazil ABSTRACTThis article aims to show the emergence and development of accessibility concepts, universal design, accessibility in Brazil, and involving the concern spaces accessible and universal to meet people, having or not some kind of disability and issues for social inclusion. There was an increase in demand for accessibility resulting from an absolute and relative increase in the number of people with disabilities in Brazil and the world, which is covered in this work KEYWORDS: Accessibility; Person with Disabilities; Universal Design; Social Inclusion; Ergonomics. Accesibilidad Arquitectónica y el Diseño Universal em el Mundo y BrasilRESUMEN Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar la aparición y el desarrollo de los conceptos de accesibilidad modernas, el diseño universal, accesibilidad en Brasil y en el mundo, y la participación de los espacios preocupación accesible y universal para conocer gente, tener o no algún tipo de discapacidad y las cuestiones de inclusión social. Hubo un aumento de la demanda de accesibilidad como resultado de un aumento absoluto y relativo en el número de personas con discapacidades en Brasil y en el mundo, que se cubre en este trabajo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Accesibilidad, Persona con Discapacidad, Diseño Universal, La Inclusión Social, Ergonomía.
Participation of Russian Workers in Continuing Professional Education
Authors: Karavay Anastasiya
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we analyze the rates of participation of Russian workers in continuing professional education (CPE) using Rosstat data and sociological surveys, including the 2014 and 2015 Eurobarometer in Russia. We reveal considerable differences in the percentages of workers covered by CPE across age cohorts, personnel categories, and especially industries. Our analysis shows that formalized CPE norms and standards in such industries as education and healthcare have a largely positive effect on the incidence of employee participation in advanced trainings. Next, we demonstrate that the data collection methods used by Rosstat do not allow for a comprehensive analysis of CPE participation rates in all industries, as only large and medium-sized companies are covered by the official statistics, while small businesses, which form the best part of the retail sector, are left out. Besides, the rigid regulatory framework of the official statistics makes it impossible to embrace the diversity of existing types and forms of CPE. There is no single method to measure the rate of participation in continuing education (not only professional), which we demonstrate in our review of methodologies used by Russian and foreign researchers. As a result, comparing the rates of participation in lifelong learning (including CPE) in different countries becomes a challenging task.
Employer Attractiveness of Universities: Measurement Approaches
Authors: Alasheev Sergey , Kogan Efim , Tyurina Natalya
Published: December 2016

The paper suggests principles and techniques of assessing universities based on their employer attractiveness, which is measured by the demand for its products. The role of end products is played by professionals educated, project and technological developments, as well as research findings — each of them having their own consumers. It turns out that the level of employer attractivenessis determined by the organization of university resources: equipment and facilities, personnel, managerial structure and policies. The proposed university assessment principles provide the basis for a university ranking. university ranking, employer attractiveness, university product, assessment criteria, assessment indicators.
How Using the Internet and Multimedia Technology in the Learning Process Correlates with Student Engagement
Authors: Maloshonok Natalia
Published: December 2016

This research was performed to investigate the correlations between using the Internet and multimedia technology by university teachers and four styles of student engagement. The study was based on the data collected in 2015 from 11 universities (the total sample included 16,893 Bachelor’s or Specialist’s degree students) as part of the Trajectories and Experience of Russian University Students Project. The findings support the hypothesis about positive correlation between using the Internet and multimedia technology, on the one hand, and student engagement in learning and interaction with peers and professors, on the other hand. The more widely multimedia technology is used by teachers, the higher academic and social engagement of students and their commitment to meet teachers’ high requirements — and the lower their engagement in academic non-performance.
School Readiness of First-Graders and Its Factors: Identifying Region-Specific Characteristics
Authors: Ivanova Alina , Kuznetsova Marina , Semenov Sergey , Fedorova Tamara
Published: December 2016

Regions of Russia enjoy substantial independence in shaping their own education systems. However, there is extremely little empirical data on the specific features of development, for instance, of preschool and elementary school children in this or that region. This situation renders it difficult to make informed decisions on corrections required to meet region-specific needs. We analyzed basic mathematical and reading abilities of preschoolers in two regional centers — Krasnoyarsk and Kazan. We applied IPIPS study, which allows assessing the skills of children starting school, to a sample of about 2,750 first-graders in the two cities. As we found out, the level of basic mathematical and reading abilities correlated most strongly with such factors as sociocultural capital, preschool learning experience, and language spoken at home. Meanwhile,location in a specific region had virtually no impact on the skills analyzed.
Correlation between Border Trade and Infrastructural Development: A Case Study of Indo-Myanmar Border Trade
Authors: Singh Shoraisam  Premananda , Singh Mayengbam Lalit
Published: December 2016

Developmental theories have two strategies: development via abundance of infrastructure and vice versa. It is theoretically favourable that infrastructure leads to development in economic sectors. However, in pragmatic terms, policies seem to go ahead of infrastructural development. This paper checks the possibility of infrastructural development which follows the implementation of border trade in landlocked region (North East Region of India).
Adoption of IFRS in Global Scenario
Authors: Bhattacharya Debarshi
Published: December 2016

This paper aims to show overall position of the process of IFRS adoption worldwide as well as in India to harmonize the global financial accounting and reporting system. Worldwide homogeneous accounting standards have been set out by the IASB in form of IFRS. It is generally expected that worldwide adoption of IFRS will be beneficial to investors and other users of financial statements. Out of worldwide 140 jurisdictions as developed by IFRS Foundation, 116 jurisdictions require IFRS for all or most domestic publicly accountable entities in their capital markets. Of the 24 jurisdictions that do not require IFRS for all or most domestic publicly accountable entities, 14 already permit or require IFRS for at least some domestic publicly accountable entities. Only 10 jurisdictions currently do not require or permit IFRS for any domestic publicly accountable entities. One of those (Thailand) is in the process of adopting IFRS in full, and another (Indonesia) is in the process of convergence of its national standards with IFRS. The remaining eight that use national or regional standards are Bolivia, China, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Macao, Niger, the United States and Vietnam. Out of the 14 countries that have adopted IFRS for at least some (but not all) domestic publicly accountable entities, India is one of them.
Structural and Relational Intellectual Capital Assets Disclosure in Nigeria: An Empirical Evaluation
Authors: Ibadin Peter Okoeguale , Ogiedu Killian Osikhena
Published: December 2016

The study investigates the determinants of structural and relational intellectual capital assets disclosure by quoted companies in Nigeria. Specifically, it examines the relationship between the level of disclosure (structural and relational) and specific characteristics, such as company size and age, leverage, audit firm size, ownership concentration, type of industry, foreign activity of company, and so on. The study employs content analysis to examine the annual reports of the sampled companies. Two models with Disclosure of structural intellectual capital assets and Disclosures of relational intellectual capital assets as dependent variables respectively were used. A panel of 157 companies in 33 industry sectors was analysed for the period 2006 to 2010. The study found that leverage was positively and significantly related to disclosure of structural intellectual capital assets but was insignificantly related to disclosures of relational intellectual capital assets. Foreign activities of company and size of auditing firm were positively related to disclosures of relational intellectual capital assets. Size of audit firm was positively related to disclosure of structural intellectual capital assets. Age of company was found to be positively related to disclosure of structural intellectual capital assets and disclosures of relational intellectual capital assets.
Methodical foundations of societal and geographical research of public transportation
Authors: Kolotukha I.
Published: December 2016

The scheme of societal and geographical research methodology on public transportation territorial organization has been worked out. It is viewed upon as a complex socio-economic phenomenon which includes four consecutive stages. It has been determined that when investigating the territorial organization of city public transportation both general and special scientific approaches and methods are used. At the preparatory phase the role and place of public transportation in municipal economy are determined, the nature of public transportation service is analyzed, satisfactoriness and insufficiency of its functions are estimated and, as a result, social services commissioning on the development of public transportation system is defined and the concept of its research is developed. The second phase is a conceptual and informational one. At this phase societal and geographical model of city public transportation is worked out, basic conceptual approaches of research are defined among which are systematic approach, structural analysis, cartographical method and method of historical analysis, etc. The development of such model is preceded by identification of informational basis, data collection and collation in order to accumulate theoretical developments on this issue and the analysis of previous researchers’ works. Literary sources, cartographical sources, statistical and regulatory documents are studied. The third phase is analytical and statistical one which is devoted to the analysis of public transportation structure organization in the city of Kyiv. At this phase the greatest numbers of scientific research methods are used, namely, the structured system analysis method, analytical and statistical method, graph theory method in combination with the method of historical and geographical sectioning, factor analysis, cartographical, comparative geographical, societal geographical zoning methods. Functional and sectoral structure, territorial structure and organizational and management structure in the city of Kyiv and their changes are studied at this stage. The concluding phase is reasoning for the priority areas of the city transportation utilities system development in the city of Kyiv. At this stage projection of city public transportation development is carried out, the areas of city public transportation system improvement in the city of Kyiv are defined. Systematic approach, main ideas of the structuralfunctional, informational and cartographical approaches have the invariable value in the study at this stage.
Transport logistics: main challenges for Ukraine
Authors: Zapototskyi S. , Parenyuk V.
Published: December 2016

In the article the author has analyzed the general principles of transport logistics in Ukraine. The main factors that determine the logistical activities and which have an influence on the choice of the mode of transport have been determined. The transportation of cargo by mode of transport was analysed, and outlined a place of road transport. In this paper conducted analytical studies to determine the sectoral structure of export of Ukraine’s regions to neighboring countries by automobile transport by means of transportation and information portal Ukraine “Lardi-trans”.
According to the study from the regions highest exports to neighboring countries – produce timber and woodworking industry. Production of the industry ranks first in the structure of exports of goods Volyn, Rivne, Zhytomyr, Lviv, Ternopil, Khmelnytsky, Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk, Vinnytsia, Chernivtsi, Donetsk, Chernihiv and Sumy regions. Food products in the export structure dominated Kiev, Cherkassy, Poltava, Kharkiv, Odessa, Mykolayiv and Kherson regions. In other regions dominated by agricultural products – particularly Kirovohrad region, iron and steel products – Dnipropetrovsk region, Lugansk region – produce pulp and paper industry. In second place in the export structure in Western countries mainly agricultural products and foodstuffs. But in the eastern regions of the country is mostly engineering products.
According to the study the regions of Ukraine were divided into 3 groups: West of the predominance in the structure of exports of forestry and wood processing industry, Central – dominated the food industry and agricultural and East – dominated, industries and mechanical engineering and metal working, chemical, steel and non-ferrous industry.
In the work assessed exports by region of Ukraine with the release of several groups of regions and analyzed by mode of transport. An important role in the study covers evaluation of transit of goods by road through the territory of Ukraine with analysis of major trend and states – participants.
Countries that use the transport system of Ukraine for the transit of their goods to third countries were divided into three groups. The first group includes Turkey, Russia and Moldova on transit volumes over 500 ths. tons. The second group consists of Romania, Italy, Belarus and Poland. The volume of transit through Ukraine up to 200 – 500 ths. tons. In the third group, with the least, but no less important for the economic development of Ukraine transit volumes include Bulgaria, Hungary, Greece, Slovenia and Germany.
The basic tasks of transport logistics were defined in the article, including states which improve the quality of the transport infrastructure and transport services and bringing them up to global standards, the maximum load of the rolling stock, cargo insurance and vehicles.
A Novel Exactly Theoretical Solvable of Bound States of the Dirac-Kratzer-Fues Problem with Spin and Pseudo-Spin Symmetry
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid
Published: December 2016

New exact bound state solutions of the deformed radial upper and lower components of Dirac equation and corresponding Hermitian anisotropic Hamiltonian operator are studied for the modified Kratzer-Fues potential (m.k.f.) potential by using Bopp’s shift method instead to solving deformed Dirac equation with star product. The corrections of energy eigenvalues are obtained by applying standard perturbation theory for interactions in one-electron atoms. Moreover, the obtained corrections of energies are depended on two infinitesimal parameters (θ,χ), which induced by position-position noncommutativity, in addition to the discreet nonrelativistic atomic quantum numbers: (j=l±1/1,s=±1/2,landm) and we have also shown that, the usual relativistic states in ordinary three dimensional spaces are canceled and has been replaced by new degenerated 2(2l+1) sub-states in the extended quantum symmetries (NC: 3D-RS).
Prescribing patterns of gastrointestinal drugs in private clinics in Benghazi-Libya
Authors: Aljarari Nouh M. H. , Sharif Suleiman I. , Jaber Abdulrahman K. , Garini Abdelhadi S. , Awad Awad S. , Hamed Faraj A.
Published: December 2016

Background: Prescription analysis can pinpoint areas of improvement in encounters issued by prescribing physicians. The present study was carried out to analyze prescribing trends for outpatients among consultants in the city of Benghazi-Libya.Methods: A total of 4000 prescriptions were collected from private pharmacies around the city of Benghazi, Libya. Indicators addressed included the patient's name, age, sex, and address, and the physician's name, address, and signature. The percentage of prescriptions lacking this information was calculated. Drugs prescribed by dosage, duration of treatment were also considered. The study focused on the commonly prescribed classes of gastrointestinal drugs and the most frequently prescribed drug of each common class. No attempt was made to evaluate the incidence of various gastrointestinal disorders. Results are expressed as frequency and percentage of prescribed medicines.Results: Information present in prescriptions and pertaining to the patient were name (2972, 74.3%), age (468, 11.7%), date of visit (107, 2.7%) while those for prescriber were name (1902, 47.6%) and signature (3612, 90.3%). None of the prescriptions contained sex of patient, his/her address, or registration number of the prescriber. All prescribed drugs were in brand names. Polypharmacy was not evident as all prescriptions contained 1-2 drugs.The number of prescriptions with a gastrointestinal drug(s) counted to 421 (10.5%) out of the total 4000 prescriptions. The most commonly prescribed classes of gastrointestinal drugs include in order, anti-hyperacidity, anti-emetics, anti-spasmodic, laxatives and anti-diarrheal with the most frequently prescribed drug of each therapeutic class being omeprazole (67, 48.9%), metoclopramide (57, 57%), hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (42, 55.3%), bisacodyl (44, 59.5%) and loperamide (30, 88.3%) respectively.Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate the need to improve prescribing among physicians, a task that can be achieved through inclusion of related topics such as prescription writing and rational drug use in undergraduate curricula and continuing medical educational programs.
Prescription pattern and rationality of drugs study of patients of OPD (outpatient) of orthopedics Department of RKDF Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, MP, India
Authors: Dalela Rajeev , Wadagbalkar Prashant , Mali Hareshwar Kumar , Raipurkar Swati
Published: December 2016

Background: To study the prescription pattern of drugs prescribed to patients of OPD of orthopedics department and to analyze the rationality of drugs prescribed by doctors of RKDF MCHRC, Bhopal, MP, India.Methods: A prospective, observational study was planned for 200 patients selected in the year 2015. Collected data were entered in a predesigned forms downloaded from WHO website. Rationality of drugs prescription was analyzed using WHO drug utilization and prescription indicators. For generic drugs reference NLEM 2011 and for cost analysis, Drug Today 2014 was used.Results: out of 200 patients, 41%were male and 59% were female. Average numbers of drugs prescribed per prescription was 3.3. Most commonly prescribed drug was Analgesics an Anti-inflammatory (37.1%) in oral as well as Intramuscular injections and Topical forms, Gastric acid inhibitors (15.4%), Muscle relaxants (12.1%) Calcium and Vitamin D, glucosamines (12.1%), Antimicrobials (8%), Steroids (1.8%), Enzyms serratiopeptidase (1.8%). Most commonly prescribed Analegsic was FDC of Trypsin+ Rutoside+ Bromelin+ Diclofenac (30.6%) followed by FDC Acceclofenac+ Paracetamol+ Seratiopeptidase (15.9%), followed by FDC Tramaodol+ Paracetamol (11%).Drugs prescribed in generic form were 0%.Average cost of treatment was INR 600 per prescription. Most common route of drug prescription was 1. Oral route 81.7%. 2. Topical 6.4%. 3. Injectable intramuscular 6.2% and intra articular 5.7%. Duration of treatment was prescribed in 81%. Frequency of drug administration was mentioned in 100% of prescriptions. EDL prescription was 81%. FDCs were 35%.Conclusions: There was Poly pharmacy. Drugs prescribed in generic form were very low. Drugs prescribed from NLEM were 81%. CMEs on Rational drug therapy to doctors working in orthopedics department should be conducted to promote rational use.
A cross sectional study of drug promotional literatures in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: R. Shubha , Taj Shabin , P. L. Bindumathi
Published: December 2016

Background: Arrival of 100s of new drugs into the market every year makes the rational use of drugs a challenge to the practitioners. The product promotion by pharmaceutical companies disseminates ambiguous drug information through medical representatives using drug promotion literatures (DPLs) which influence the physicians’ prescribing pattern. Objective of the study was to evaluate DPLs for accuracy, consistency, and validity using WHO criteria for ethical medicinal drug promotion.Methods: DPLs collected from different OPDs were analyzed and evaluated as per WHO criteria. References of DPLs in support of the claims were critically analyzed for their retrievability and validity.Results: 50 DPLs of 76 drugs were collected and analyzed. Of which 49 were FDCs and 27 single drug formulations. None of the DPLs fulfilled all the WHO criteria. Only 26% (13) fulfilled a maximum of 8 WHO criteria. Out of 88 references given in support of claims, 17% (15) of the references were irretrievable, 62 were from journals, 4 from textbooks and 7 from website. Almost all the DPLs had pictures of which only 50% (49) were relevant.Conclusions: Information provided is incomplete and biased. Hence, health care professionals must evaluate DPLs critically before considering the same for prescribing.
Compare Brimonidine 0.2% versus Latanoprost 0.005% (Xalatan) in preventing intraocular pressure after YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in patients visiting ophthalmology clinic in Ardabil city
Authors: Ojaghi Habib , Masoumi Rahim , Eskandar-Sani Solmaz
Published: December 2016

Background: The transient increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) following neodymium YAG laser capsulotomy can occur in a significant number of patients, which requires prophylactic treatment with IOP reducing drugs, and in some patients, postoperative IOP monitoring. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of brimonidine 0.2% versus latanoprost0.005% (Xalatan) in preventing the IOP elevation after YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in patients visiting ophthalmology clinic in Alavi Hospital.Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial that included 100 patients who had developed posterior capsule opacification (PCO) as a result of previous cataract surgery and were candidate for undergoing YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients. One group received brimonidine 0.2% one hour before surgery, and the other group received Xalatan 0.005% in the night before laser surgery. In both groups the patients' IOP was measured in baseline, 1, 2, 3, 24 hours, 3 days and one week after surgery. The gathered data were analyzed using statistical methods in SPSS.16.Results: The mean IOP, 1, 2, 3, and 24 hours, 3 days, and one week after surgery didn't show any significant difference between two groups. IOP one hour before surgery changed significantly compared to one hour after surgery and a statistically significant relationship was found between the two groups, though at other times of measurement, the differences were not significant.Conclusions: Results showed that using Brimonidine 0.2% or Latanoprost 0.005% as prophylactic before YAG laser posterior capsulotomy could be effective in preventing IOP after treatment.
Clinical profiling of patients with Acid Peptic Disorders (APD) in India: a cross-sectional survey of clinicians
Authors: Rai Ramesh Roop , Gangadhar A. , Mayabhate Mayur M.
Published: December 2016

Background: Acid peptic disorders (APD) which include GERD and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are common conditions reported in daily clinical practice. This survey aimed to understand the epidemiology, clinical presentation and associated overlapping comorbidities in Indian patients with APD.Methods: This was an interview based cross-sectional survey of 1000 clinicians (specialist gastroenterologists and non-specialists) across India who treated patients of APD in their practice. Information related to patient demographics, diagnosis and clinical presentation (common symptoms and their duration, alarming, lower GI and extra-esophageal symptoms) were assessed. Indications for upper GI endoscopy, esophageal pH monitoring and esophageal manometry were also collected. Descriptive analyses were done.Results: About 39.2% and 37.1% patients had reported GERD and PUD respectively (duodenal ulcer: 10.5%, gastric ulcer: 9.9% and peptic ulcer-non-specified: 16.7%); 25.2% patients were reported to have non-ulcer dyspepsia. Heartburn was the most common symptom in GERD (60.5%); epigastric pain was common in PUD (72.3%); 49% GERD patients presented with alarming symptoms, mainly dysphagia (67%), whereas for PUD, GI bleeding was the most common alarming symptom (47.6%). Profiles of patients visiting clinicians were similar with respect to the presenting symptoms and associated conditions. Functional dyspepsia (25.9%), constipation (23.4%) and irritable bowel syndrome (23.4%) were the most common overlapping conditions associated with both GERD and PUD.Conclusions: APD (GERD and PUD) was more common in 18-59 yrs. age group with heart burn as the common symptom for GERD and epigastric pain for PUD. Diagnosis was mostly based on clinical symptoms; nearly 50% patients of APD presenting with alarming symptoms needed prompt endoscopy. Thus, there is need to focus on these overlapping disorders while managing patients of APD.
Lesinurad: a novel therapeutic option in the pharmacotherapy of gout
Authors: Sriram Damal Kandadai , Venkatesan Surendran , George Melvin
Published: December 2016

Gout is characterized by painful joint inflammation, most commonly in the first metatarsophalangeal joint, resulting from precipitation of monosodium urate crystals in a joint space. Current therapies for chronic gout include mainly allopurinol and febuxostat. Inspite of the availability of these medications for several years, a significant number of patients do not have adequate control of uric acid levels resulting in acute gout flares. Lesinurad is the most recent drug molecule approved by US FDA & EMA for the treatment of gout in patients with uncontrolled gout along with allopurinol. Lesinurad prevents reabsorption of uric acid from the renal tubules, resulting in uricosuria. The efficacy of the lesinurad was demonstrated in three randomized phase 3 controlled clinical trials where the drug was primarily evaluated in the setting of background therapy with allopurinol or febuxostat. There is a definite risk of nephrotoxicity with monotherapy and when the drug is used in patients who have inadequate renal function. The drug does appear to be relatively safe, though the inconclusive cardiovascular safety of the drug has prompted the regulatory agency to mandate post marketing trials to evaluate the safety of this molecule. Nevertheless, lesinurad does appear to have a lot of promise as a front line drug molecule in the control of hyperuricemia.
A pre-experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of back massage among pregnant women in first stage of labour pains admitted in labour room of a selected hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Authors: Sethi Deepika , Barnabas Seema
Published: December 2016

Background: Labour is a health state that most women aspire to, at some point in their lives. The first thought that comes to the mind of an expecting woman regarding her delivery is the pain of labour. The major role and responsibility of the nurse is in identifying the problems of the woman in labour, providing appropriate information regarding the alternative modalities of pain relief during labour. A pre-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of back massage on pain among pregnant women in first stage of labour pains in a selected Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. The objectives of the study were to assess the pre-test level of pain in first stage of labour pains among pregnant women, to administer the back massage in first stage of labour pains, to assess the post-test level of pain and to compare the pre-test and post-test level of pain in first stage of labour pains among pregnant women and to determine the relationship of pre-test and post-test level of pain with the selected variables.Methods: Conceptual framework was based on General system theory by Ludwig Von Bertanlanffy. Modified Labour Pain Relief Tool and Participants Opinionnarie were used to assess the effectiveness of back massage.Results: Findings of the study were in the pre-test mean score was 5.83 and post-test mean score was 3.75 which was found statistically highly significant at p<0.01 level. Gravida had significant impact on level of pain. Back massage had impact on level of pain among pregnant women.Conclusions: Present study revealed that in the pre-test mean score was 5.83 and post-test mean score was 3.75 which was found statistically highly significant at p<0.01 level. Age, education, mother’s occupation, period of gestation and any history of abortion had no significant relationship with pain, and gravida had statistically significant relationship with pain. Back massage had impact on pain level. Therefore it was concluded that back massage was effective to reduce the level of pain.