bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CT-based muscle and adipose measurements predict prognosis in patients with digestive system malignancy
Authors: Zheng Kaiwen , Liu Xiangliang , Li Yuguang , Cui Jiuwei , Li Wei
Published: June 2024

The role of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in the progression of cancer has been gradually discussed, but it needs further exploration. The objective of this study was to provide an in-depth analysis of skeletal muscle and fat in digestive malignancies and to construct novel predictors for clinical management. This is a retrospective study that includes data from Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University. Basic characteristic information was analyzed by T tests. Correlation matrices were drawn to explore the relationship between CT-related indicators and other indicators. Cox risk regression analyses were performed to analyze the association between the overall survivals (OS) and various types of indicators. A new indicator body composition score (BCS) was then created and a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to analyze the efficacy of the BCS. Finally, a nomogram was produced to develop a scored-CT system based on BCS and other indicators. C-index and calibration curve analyses were performed to validate the predictive accuracy of the scored-CT system. A total of 575 participants were enrolled in the study. Cox risk regression model revealed that VFD, L3 SMI and VFA/SFA were associated with prognosis of cancer patients. After adjustment, BCS index based on CT was significantly associated with prognosis, both in all study population and in subgroup analysis according to tumor types (all study population: HR 2.036, P < 0.001; colorectal cancer: HR 2.693, P < 0.001; hepatocellular carcinoma: HR 4.863, P < 0.001; esophageal cancer: HR 4.431, P = 0.008; pancreatic cancer: HR 1.905, P = 0.016; biliary system malignancies: HR 23.829, P = 0.035). The scored-CT system was constructed according to tumor type, stage, KPS, PG-SGA and BCS index, and it was of great predictive validity. This study identified VFD, L3 SMI and VFA/SFA associated with digestive malignancies outcomes. BCS was created and the scored-CT system was established to predict the OS of cancer patients.
Satellite-derived sandy shoreline trends and interannual variability along the Atlantic coast of Europe
Authors: Castelle Bruno , Kras Etiënne , Masselink Gerd , Scott Tim , Konstantinou Aikaterini , Luijendijk Arjen
Published: June 2024

Monitoring sandy shoreline evolution from years to decades is critical to understand the past and predict the future of our coasts. Optical satellite imagery can now infer such datasets globally, but sometimes with large uncertainties, poor spatial resolution, and thus debatable outcomes. Here we validate and analyse satellite-derived-shoreline positions (1984–2021) along the Atlantic coast of Europe using a moving-averaged approach based on coastline characteristics, indicating conservative uncertainties of long-term trends around 0.4 m/year and a potential bias towards accretion. We show that west-facing open coasts are more prone to long-term erosion, whereas relatively closed coasts favor accretion, although most of computed trends fall within the range of uncertainty. Interannual shoreline variability is influenced by regionally dominant atmospheric climate indices. Quasi-straight open coastlines typically show the strongest and more alongshore-uniform links, while embayed coastlines, especially those not exposed to the dominant wave climate, show weaker and more variable correlation with the indices. Our results provide a spatial continuum between previous local-scale studies, while emphasizing the necessity to further reduce satellite-derived shoreline trend uncertainties. They also call for applications based on a relevant averaging approach and the inclusion of coastal setting parameters to unravel the forcing-response spectrum of sandy shorelines globally.
Fluid-particle-structure interaction in single shot peening
Authors: Mizuno Yusuke , Misaka Takashi , Furukawa Yoshiyuki
Published: June 2024

Shot peening is a widely used cold-working process. Physical phenomena of shot peening are analyzed using the developed fluid-particle-structure coupled solver. The influences of the flow field and shot peening parameters such as the shot impact velocity and shot size are investigated in the case of the falling, impacting, and rebounding single particle. The weakly coupled solver applies the immersed boundary method which enables direct evaluation of the interactions between the unsteady flow field and moving/deforming objects. The elastoplastic object of AISI4340 during the collision of rigid steel shot is analyzed dynamically using the finite element method. Consequently, it is clarified that the flow field of the post-collision between the shot and structure can be characterized by the relative Reynolds number, which is based on the shot diameter and relative velocity between the uniform flow and rebounding shot velocities. As the relative Reynolds number increases, the complex flow field and vortex structures are generated at the collision location. These fluid structures affect the collision phenomena resulting in the random behavior of the shot and the asymmetric indentation in the structure.
ATF4 inhibits tumor development and mediates p-GCN2/ASNS upregulation in colon cancer
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Huang Xiaopeng , Zhang Shuai , Zhu Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

Colon cancer (CC) is a highly malignant tumor with a high incidence and poor prognosis. This study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanisms of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in CC. The expression levels of ATF4, GCN2, and ASNS in CC tissues were measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess cell viability, clonogenicity, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis, respectively, in the ATF4 knockdown and overexpression SW480 cell lines. The effect of ATF4 on the expression of GCN2 and ASNS was detected using RT-qPCR, Chip-qPCR, and western blotting. ATF4, GCN2, and ASNS were expressed at low levels in CC tissues, and all had a significant negative correlation with tumor diameter. ATF4 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and S-phase cell cycle and inhibited apoptosis in SW480 cells. In contrast, ATF4 overexpression had the opposite effect. Furthermore, ATF4 overexpression enhanced ATF4 binding to the ASNS promoter region. ATF4 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of p-GCN2 and ASNS, whereas ATF4 overexpression significantly upregulated their expression. ATF4 inhibited CC cell viability, clone formation ability, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis, possibly by regulating the expression of p-GCN2 and ASNS. Our study provides a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CC.
Implications of human–wildlife conflict on the diet of an endangered avian top predator in the northern Andes
Authors: Restrepo-Cardona Juan Sebastián , Kohn Sebastián , Renjifo Luis Miguel , Vásquez-Restrepo Juan D. , Zuluaga Santiago , Vargas Félix Hernán , Narváez Fabricio , Salagaje Luis A. , Recalde Abel , Gaitán-López Erik Camilo , Salazar Andy , Hull Vanessa
Published: June 2024

Conflicts between rural people and the Endangered Black-and-chestnut Eagle (Spizaetus isidori) are a prominent conservation concern in the northern Andes, as at least 60 eagles were poached between 2000 and 2022 in response to poultry predation. Here, we conducted direct observations to analyze the Black-and-chestnut Eagle diet and evaluated how forest cover affects the feeding habits of the species during nestling-rearing periods in 16 nests located in different human-transformed Andean landscapes of Ecuador and Colombia. We analyzed 853 prey items (46 species) delivered to nestlings. We used Generalized Linear Models to test whether the percent forest cover calculated within varying buffer distances around each nest and linear distances from the nest to the nearest settlement and pasture areas were predictors of diet diversity and biomass contribution of prey. Forest cover was not a factor that affected the consumption of poultry; however, the eagle regularly preyed on chickens (Gallus gallus) (i.e., domestic Galliformes) which were consumed by 15 of the 16 eagle pairs, with biomass contributions (14.57% ± 10.55) representing 0.6–37% of the total prey consumed. The Black-and-chestnut Eagle is an adaptable generalist able to switch from mammalian carnivores to guans (i.e., wild Galliformes) in human-dominated landscapes, and eagles nesting in sites with low forest cover had a less diverse diet than those in areas with more intact forests. Management actions for the conservation of this avian top predator require studies on the eagle’s diet in areas where human persecution is suspected or documented, but also maintaining forest cover for the wild prey of the species, development of socio-economic and psychological assessments on the drivers behind human-eagle conflicts, and the strengthening of technical capacities of rural communities, such as appropriate poultry management.
Nucleotide metabolism in cancer cells fuels a UDP-driven macrophage cross-talk, promoting immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance
Authors: Scolaro Tommaso , Manco Marta , Pecqueux Mathieu , Amorim Ricardo , Trotta Rosa , Van Acker Heleen H. , Van Haele Matthias , Shirgaonkar Niranjan , Naulaerts Stefan , Daniluk Jan , Prenen Fran , Varamo Chiara , Ponti Donatella , Doglioni Ginevra , Ferreira Campos Ana Margarida , Fernandez Garcia Juan , Radenkovic Silvia , Rouhi Pegah , Beatovic Aleksandar , Wang Liwei , Wang Yu , Tzoumpa Amalia , Antoranz Asier , Sargsian Ara , Di Matteo Mario , Berardi Emanuele , Goveia Jermaine , Ghesquière Bart , Roskams Tania , Soenen Stefaan , Voets Thomas , Manshian Bella , Fendt Sarah-Maria , Carmeliet Peter , Garg Abhishek D. , DasGupta Ramanuj , Topal Baki , Mazzone Massimiliano
Published: June 2024

Many individuals with cancer are resistant to immunotherapies. Here, we identify the gene encoding the pyrimidine salvage pathway enzyme cytidine deaminase (CDA) among the top upregulated metabolic genes in several immunotherapy-resistant tumors. We show that CDA in cancer cells contributes to the uridine diphosphate (UDP) pool. Extracellular UDP hijacks immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) through its receptor P2Y6. Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of CDA in cancer cells (or P2Y6 in TAMs) disrupts TAM-mediated immunosuppression, promoting cytotoxic T cell entry and susceptibility to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) treatment in resistant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and melanoma models. Conversely, CDA overexpression in CDA-depleted PDACs or anti-PD-1-responsive colorectal tumors or systemic UDP administration (re)establishes resistance. In individuals with PDAC, high CDA levels in cancer cells correlate with increased TAMs, lower cytotoxic T cells and possibly anti-PD-1 resistance. In a pan-cancer single-cell atlas, CDAhigh cancer cells match with T cell cytotoxicity dysfunction and P2RY6high TAMs. Overall, we suggest CDA and P2Y6 as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy.
Macrophages upregulate mural cell-like markers and support healing of ischemic injury by adopting functions important for vascular support
Authors: Amoedo-Leite Catarina , Parv Kristel , Testini Chiara , Herrera-Hidalgo Carmen , Xu Feifei , Giraud Antoine , Malaquias Marta , Fasterius Erik , Holl Daniel , Seignez Cedric , Göritz Christian , Christoffersson Gustaf , Phillipson Mia
Published: June 2024

Sterile inflammation after injury is important for tissue restoration. In injured human and mouse tissues, macrophages were recently found to accumulate perivascularly. This study investigates if macrophages adopt a mural cell phenotype important for restoration after ischemic injury. Single-cell RNA sequencing of fate-mapped macrophages from ischemic mouse muscles demonstrates a macrophage-toward-mural cell switch of a subpopulation of macrophages with downregulated myeloid cell genes and upregulated mural cell genes, including PDGFRβ. This observation was further strengthened when including unspliced transcripts in the analysis. The macrophage switch was proven functionally relevant, as induction of macrophage-specific PDGFRβ deficiency prevented their perivascular macrophage phenotype, impaired vessel maturation and increased vessel leakiness, which ultimately reduced limb function. In conclusion, macrophages in adult ischemic tissue were demonstrated to undergo a cellular program to morphologically, transcriptomically and functionally resemble mural cells while weakening their macrophage identity. The macrophage-to-mural cell-like phenotypic switch is crucial for restoring tissue function and warrants further exploration as a potential target for immunotherapies to enhance healing.
Fluorescent chemosensors facilitate the visualization of plant health and their living environment in sustainable agriculture
Authors: Gao Yang-Yang , He Jie , Li Xiao-Hong , Li Jian-Hong , Wu Hong , Wen Ting , Li Jun , Hao Ge-Fei , Yoon Juyoung
Published: June 2024

Globally, 91% of plant production encounters diverse environmental stresses. Fluorescent chemosensors are effective for monitoring plant health and environment that promotes the development of sustainable agriculture.
Potassium fluoride-induced FeOOH formation in NiFe oxalate for improved oxygen evolution performance
Authors: Ha Seungjoon , Kim Youngji , Kim Taeyeop , Jeong Seongwoo , Ryu Gyeong Hee , Lee Seunghwa
Published: June 2024

NiFe oxalate nanorods in situ grown from Ni foil in an oxalic solution with added KF exhibited unusually high Fe content. These nanorods demonstrated superior OER performance compared to catalysts synthesized without KF.
Direct access to furan and cyclopropane derivatives via palladium-catalyzed C–H activation/alkene insertion/annulation
Authors: Zhang Xu , Chang Mengfan , Xu Xuefeng , Zhao Qiang
Published: June 2024

A practical and effective palladium-catalyzed C–H activation/alkene insertion/annulation between cyclic 1,3-diketones or 1,3-indandione and diverse alkenes is reported for the production of furans and cyclopropanes in moderate to good yields.
Self-trapped holes, oxygen vacancies and electrocatalytic performance of Zn-doped β-Ga2O3 microspindles
Authors: Cui Shuting , Du Yuchao , Li Guoping , Chen Qiyong , Tang Ning , Ge Weikun , Xi Lili , Shen Bo , Zhao Lijuan
Published: June 2024

Zn ions were successfully incorporated in the lattice of β-Ga2O3 microspindles by a hydrothermal method followed by high-temperature calcination. Zn-doped β-Ga2O3 microspindles showed enhanced electrocatalytic performance.
A systematic theoretical study of CO2 hydrogenation towards methanol on Cu-based bimetallic catalysts: role of the CHO&CH3OH descriptor in thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Qin Huang , Zhang Hai , Wu Kunmin , Wang Xingzi , Fan Weidong
Published: June 2024

A schematic diagram of the role of the CHO&CH3OH descriptor in CO2 hydrogenation is shown.
An overview of the applications of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical research
Authors: Marguí Eva , Eichert Diane , Jablan Jasna , Bilo Fabjola , Depero Laura E. , Pejović-Milić Ana , Gross Armin , Stosnach Haegen , Kubala-Kukuś Aldona , Banaś Dariusz , Borgese Laura
Published: June 2024

Ensuring reliable elemental analysis in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical research is a prerequisite to human safety. Here we report on the use of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, its state-of the art and challenges in those fields.
A pyridine-boryl radical mediated cascade reaction towards the synthesis of indolizines: a computational mechanistic analysis
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Cao Xiangxue , Wei Lanfeng , Wang Zhijun , Wei Yu , Xu Liang , Huang Genping
Published: June 2024

Computational analysis reveals a boryl-radical-enabled cross-coupling pathway for synthesizing indolizines, emphasizing the role of H-shuttles in facilitating reactions.
Nanostructuring silica-iron core–shell particles in a one-step aerosol process
Authors: Ratnasari Delyana , Septiani Eka Lutfi , Dani Nandiyanto Asep Bayu , Le Anh Cao Kiet , Okuda Nobuhiro , Matsumoto Hiroyuki , Hirano Tomoyuki , Ogi Takashi
Published: June 2024

Submicron-sized core–shell Fe@SiO2 particles were successfully synthesized using a single-step aerosol technique for the first time.
Tuning the high-entropy perovskite as efficient and reliable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Wei Ruixue , Fu Gaoliang , Qi Huafeng , Liu Hewei
Published: June 2024

This work reports a high-entropy perovskite La0.3Sr0.7(CrMnFeCoNi)0.2O3 as a high-performance OER electrocatalyst. Sr doping induces the formation of higher-valence Cr6+, Mn4+, Fe4+, Co4+ and Ni3+ responsible for the excellent OER activity.
Removal mechanism of Pb(ii) from soil by biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composite materials
Authors: Wei Shuxian , Du Gang , Li Canhua , Zhang Lanyue , Li Jiamao , Mao Aiqin , He Chuan
Published: June 2024

The prepared magnetic thin sheet BC-nZVI composite material has the advantages of low cost, easy preparation, and good environmental remediation effect.
Integrating single atoms with nanoparticle catalysts for efficient electrochemical energy conversion
Authors: Lin Xiaorong , Zeng Lin , Wu Maochun
Published: June 2024

This review summarizes the development (integrated effects, classifications, and applications) of emerging catalysts that integrate single atoms with nanoparticles (SA/NPCs). It also highlights the future challenges and opportunities in this field.
Unraveling the mechanism of enhanced oxygen evolution reaction using NiOx@Fe3O4 decorated on surface-modified carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kim Minju , Han HyukSu , Lee Kangpyo , Kang Sukhyun , Lee Sang-Hwa , Lee Se Hun , Jeon Hayun , Ryu Jeong Ho , Chung Chan-Yeup , Kim Kang Min , Mhin Sungwook
Published: June 2024

Laser-driven synthesis of NiOx@Fe3O4 on surface-modified carbon nanotubes is developed for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction.
Dry and wet wrinkling of a silk fibroin biopolymer by a shape-memory material with insight into mechanical effects on secondary structures in the silk network
Authors: Oguntade Elizabeth , Wigham Caleb , Owuor Luiza , Aryal Ujjwal , O’Grady Kerrin , Acierto Anthony , Zha R. Helen , Henderson James H.
Published: June 2024

Upon contraction, the silk fibroin (SF)-shape-memory polymer (SMP) bilayer produces wrinkles. Results support the potential use of biopolymer wrinkles on active materials in biomedical applications, such as cell mechanobiology or tissue engineering.
Nano-enzyme hydrogels for cartilage repair effectiveness based on ternary strategy therapy
Authors: Deng Wei , Zhou Yue , Wan Qinlin , Li Lei , Deng Hui , Yin Yong , Zhou Qingsong , Li Qiujiang , Cheng Duo , Hu Xuefeng , Wang Yunbing , Feng Ganjun
Published: June 2024

An artificial nano-enzyme-enhanced hydrogel was developed to treat OA through a ternary synergistic strategy of efficiently driving O2 production from endogenous ROS in chondrocytes and maintaining lubrication at the articular cartilage interface.
A robust and biodegradable hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) electrospun membrane for dura repair
Authors: Wang Yifu , Wu Hongfeng , Liu Zhanhong , Cao Jun , Lin Hai , Cao Huan , Zhu Xiangdong , Zhang Xingdong
Published: June 2024

The robust and biodegradable hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (nHA/PLCL) electrospun membrane demonstrated anti-adhesion, prevention of CSF leakage, and pro-dura reconstruction capacities.
High synaptic plasticity enabled by controlled ion migration in organic heterojunction memristors
Authors: Qian Yangzhou , Li Jiayu , Li Wen , Hou Cheng-Hung , Feng Ziyi , Shi Wei , Yi Mingdong
Published: June 2024

Fabrication of organic heterojunction memristor with controlled ion migration enables precise synaptic behavior simulation.
Introduction of a mesityl substituent on pyridyl rings as a facile strategy for improving the performance of luminescent 1,3-bis-(2-pyridyl)benzene platinum(ii) complexes: a springboard for blue OLEDs
Authors: Colombo Alessia , De Soricellis Giulia , Dragonetti Claudia , Fagnani Francesco , Roberto Dominique , Carboni Bertrand , Guerchais Véronique , Roisnel Thierry , Cocchi Massimo , Fantacci Simona , Radicchi Eros , Marinotto Daniele
Published: June 2024

The presence of a 8% wt N^C^N-Pt(ii) complex bearing mesityl groups on pyridines leads to an efficient blue-emitting OLED with CIE coordinates of (0.13, 0.29).
Identifying and Addressing Functional Communication Challenges in Patients With Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Meade Gabriela , Machulda Mary M. , Clark Heather M. , Duffy Joseph R. , Botha Hugo , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Josephs Keith A. , Utianski Rene L.
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

We describe the communication challenges of four patients with a neurodegenerative disorder consistent with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), characterized by early behavioral and personality changes. By describing their clinical profiles, we identify common barriers to functional communication in this population and provide recommendations for how speech-language pathologists (SLPs) might contribute to minimizing them.

Method:

Four patients with bvFTD were selected from a cohort of patients with progressive communication impairments. Three of them returned for at least one follow-up visit. Case histories are presented along with the results of comprehensive speech and language, neuropsychological, and neurological testing.

Results:

At the time of initial evaluation, patients were between the ages of 54 and 66 years and had been experiencing symptoms for 1.5–6 years. Consistent with their bvFTD diagnoses, all patients had prominent behavioral and personality changes that impacted communication. Patients 1 and 2 also had mild aphasia at enrollment, primarily characterized by anomia and loss of word meaning. Patients 3 and 4 both had apraxia of speech and moderate-to-severe aphasia at enrollment with prominent anomia and agrammatism. All four patients had impaired executive functioning and relative sparing of visuospatial skills; episodic memory was also impaired for Patients 2 and 4. Even though functional communication was progressively limited for all patients, none of them received regular support from an SLP.

Conclusions:

This case series adds to a scant, but growing, literature demonstrating that patients with bvFTD have communication impairments. SLPs are uniquely positioned to identify barriers to functional communication and to provide tailored strategy training to the patients and their care partners over the course of their disease. Systematic evaluation of the efficacy of treatment in this population would be valuable.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25933762
Investigating the effects of current thresholds on phase jump limits and withstand capabilities in grid‐forming converters
Authors: Zhang Ziqian , Schuerhuber Robert , Fickert Lothar , Chen Guochu
Published: June 2024

The inherent constraints of grid‐forming converters affect their ability to maintain voltage source characteristics within a specific operational range. In response to these limitations, ongoing pilot projects involving grid‐forming technology have adjusted their current thresholds up to three times the rated current, significantly exceeding the traditionally threshold of 1.2 times the rated current. This paper aims to investigate the effects of current thresholds on the dynamic responses of grid‐forming converters under large disturbances, with the intention of identifying an optimal current threshold that meets the grid's demands for maintaining voltage source characteristics and overall stability. A novel power angle relationship is introduced, integrating current limits and anti‐windup voltage controls into the equivalent circuit models of these converters. Analytical expressions for stable and unstable equilibrium points are derived, improving insights into the converters' dynamic behaviour and their resilience to phase jumps across various current thresholds and short‐circuit ratios. Findings indicate that higher current thresholds substantially improve phase jump limits and withstand capabilities. The paper concludes with proposed configurations and optimization strategies for current thresholds, all supported by experimental validation.
MDSK‐Net: Multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel network for renal tumour endoscopic image segmentation
Authors: Jiang Minpeng , Li LeiLei , Xu Chao , Li Zhengping , Nie Chao , Zheng Tianyu , Li Longyu
Published: June 2024

Automatic segmentation of renal tumours during renal cell carcinoma surgery can help doctors accurately locate the tumour region, protect the tissues and organs around the kidneys, enhance surgical efficiency, and reduce the possibility of leakage and misdiagnosis. However, since general polyp endoscopic image segmentation models have many problems when facing the task of renal tumour segmentation, there needs to be more research on the segmentation of endoscopic images of renal tumours. This paper proposes a multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel network for endoscopic image segmentation of kidney tumours. First, a spatial receptive field module is proposed to augment the feature information and improve the performance of the whole network. Second, an enhanced cross‐attention module is offered to attenuate the effect of a high‐similarity segmentation background. Finally, a multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel module is introduced to gradually refine the segmentation results from small to large sizes to obtain more accurate tumour boundaries. Extensive experiments on the established kidney tumour endoscopic dataset and publicly available endoscopic datasets show that this method exhibits enhanced performance and generalization capabilities compared to existing techniques. On this renal tumour dataset, MDSK‐Net achieved excellent results of 94.1% and 90.1% on mDice and mIoU.
GDB‐YOLOv5s: Improved YOLO‐based model for ship detection in SAR images
Authors: Chen Dongdong , Ju Rusheng , Tu Chuangye , Long Guangwei , Liu Xiaoyang , Liu Jiyuan
Published: June 2024

In recent years, deep learning methods were good solutions for object detection in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, the problems of complex scenarios, large object scale differences and imperfect fine‐grained classification in ship detection were intractable. In response, an improved model GDB‐YOLOv5s (Improved YOLOv5s model incorporating global attention mechanism (GAM), DCN‐v2 and BiFusion) is designed. This model introduces deformable convolution networks (DCN‐v2) into the Backbone to enhance the adaptability of the receptive field. It replaces the original Neck's PANet structure with a BiFusion structure to better fuse the extracted multiscale features. Additionally, it integrates GAM into the network to reduce information loss and improve global feature interaction. Experiments were conducted on single‐class dataset SSDD and multi‐class dataset SRSSD‐V1.0. The results show that the GDB‐YOLOv5s model improves mean average precision scores (mAP) significantly, outperforming the original YOLOv5s model and other traditional methods. GDB‐YOLOv5s also improves Precision‐score (P) and Recall‐score (R) for fine‐grained classification to some extent, thereby reducing false alarms and missed detections. It has been proved that the improved model is relatively effective.
Effect of inorganic and organic fertilizers on growth, survival rate and chlorophyll-a content of green seaweed Caulerpa racemosa
Authors: Lideman  , Supriyono Eddy , Arifka Anisa Ramadhanti , Laining Asda , Rosyida Eka
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to determine the effect of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth, survival rate, and chlorophyll-a content of Caulerpa racemosa. C. racemosa with an initial weight of 9.71±0.4 g was cultured for 28 days in three different culture media which were seawater without fertilizer (control), medium with inorganic hydroponic nutrient fertilizer (HN), and liquid organic fertilizer (LO). The cultured medium had significant differences in growth rate among treatments. The highest specific growth rate (SGR) of C. racemosa occurred when cultured in the HN medium with a rate of 2.70±0.02% per day, followed by the LO medium (2.07±0.03% per day) while the lowest SGR was in the control which was only 1.65±0.01% per day. In contrast, the three treatments media did not affect the survival rate of C. racemosa. The chlorophyll-a content showed a positive correlation with growth rate, where the highest chlorophyll-a content was observed on the HN medium with a rate of 222.0±4.5 µg per gww), followed by the LO medium (208.6±6.6 µg per gww) and control (121.2±10.2 µg per gww). The HN medium could be used for land-based culturing of C. racemosa at the dosage of 1.5% (ml/L).
Spatial distribution of benthic habitat derived from Planetscope image in shallow water of Kahyapu Village, Enggano Island
Authors: Ariasari Ana , Mahfudz Akbar Abdurrahman , Suci An Nisa Nurul , Sugara Ayub , Waspadi Erisa
Published: June 2024

The shallow waters of Kahyapu Village has an essential benthic habitat which is important to monitor due to the dynamic influenced by the Indian Ocean and anthropogenic activities. Benthic habitat monitoring can be used through utilize the Planetscope image, which is a high-resolution satellite image that provides a daily image acquired and detailed information, such as benthic habitat. This research aims to map the spatial distribution of benthic habitats using Planetscope images derived from three different set of bands processed differently: Principal Component Analysis transformed surface reflectance (SR-PC band), PC-transformed sunglint-corrected bands (Deglint-PC band) and PC-transformed depth invariant index bands (CII-PC band). A field survey was carried out using an Underwater Photo Transect based on variation of benthic habitat in the field. Maximum likelihood image classification was used to train the benthic habitat map using model samples from field surveys. A major benthic habitat class was determined, which consisted of coral reefs, seagrass, macroalgae, and substrate. Seagrass reached approximately 48% (911.46 hectares), substrate covered 37% (705.12 hectares), coral reefs closed nearly 13% (249.63 hectares), and macroalgae just got 2% (39.78 hectares) of the total of benthic habitat distribution. The benthic habitat spatial distribution illustrated that seagrass and substrate class dominated the benthic habitat spatial distribution, while the macroalgae class was challenging to map.
Bioextraction of chitin from vannamei shrimp shell using a mixture Latic Acid Bacteria
Authors: Hardingtyas Safrina Dyah , Ramadhan Faris Gibran , Desniar
Published: June 2024

Chitin, a cationic polymer derived from shrimp shell, has gained widespread recognition for its potential applications in medicine, environmental solutions, and agriculture. This study was aimed to investigate the biological extraction of chitin from shrimp shells using a mixed bacterial starter comprising Lactobacillus plantarum SK (5), Lactobacillus plantarum NS (9), and Pediococcus pentosaceus BP (20), with varying fermentation durations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 days. The effects of fermentation time on protein and ash content were examined, and FTIR analysis was conducted on the 15th day. Fermentation reduced protein content by 31.29%, demonstrating effective deproteinization. However, ash content increased due to challenges in separating chitin extract from bacterial biomass. FTIR analysis on day 15 identified functional groups (N-H, O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O-C) in the extracted chitin, which had a deacetylation degree of 36%. This research however underscores the protein and ash content in the chitin extract obtain still do not meet the quality standards for chitin based on SNI (Indonesia National Standard).
A new species of pisang shrimp, Penaeus symplex revealed by molecular DNA analyses, as candidate species for aquaculture in Indonesia
Authors: Sugama Ketut , Nur Abidin , Koesharyani Isti , Haryanti  , Saluz Hans. P.
Published: June 2024

In Indonesia there are two species mainly farmed, these are Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei. Due to disease outbreaks which were mainly caused by viruses, shrimp aquaculture is become a high risk, therefore is a need to find new species. Unknown species of shrimp named as udang pisang (Pisang shrimp) only found in Indonesian waters. In the present study, six species of shrimp available in Indonesia, those are Pisang shrimp (Penaeus sp.), P. monodon, P. merguensis, P. indicus, P. semisulcatus and L. vannamei were analysed by RAPD with two primers of 2AAM2 and AS15 to confirm their species. Preliminary trials on the culture of Pisang shrimp and P. monodon were carried out in earthen ponds to compare their growth. The results revealed that based on the gel banding pattern and molecules weight of DNA, Pisang shrimp genetically is different from other five species analyzed and morphology generally like P. monodon. The identity between Pisang shrimp and P. monodon was 92%, suggested the two species are different. Pisang shrimp is a new species named Penaeus symplex [14, 20] and has been validated. The growth of Pisang shrimp and P. monodon for 90 days of culture was comparable (19.89f1.71 g and 20.0111.08 g). Therefore, Pisang shrimp has high potential for aquaculture diversification.
Artificial Intelligence-Controlled Photovoltaic Generator for Optimized Power Point Tracking
Authors: Orellana Cristian , Moya Viviana , Moya Marcelo , Oscullo Cristina
Published: June 2024

This paper addresses the pressing need for sustainable energy solutions by focusing on developing a photovoltaic solar tracker enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI). The current and future global trends challenge energy systems to improve their output while also maintaining an eco-friendly approach, and there is an option to offset carbon emissions through photovoltaic energy. Nevertheless, the solar panel’s efficiency depends upon its ability to follow the sun’s movement to find the optimum energy angle. This project offers a unique solution, adopting a neural network technique that was trained using weather data from the daily weather forecasts to determine the correct angles of the panel at all times. The sampling unit was fabricated using aluminium and PLA materials and monitoring parameters of temperature, humidity, radiation, pressure, and atmospheric variables. A web-based interface lets monitor the system in oh-so-real-time and delivers graphical presentations of crucial metrics, including voltage, current, and power production. The outcomes suggest a significant enhancement in energy output, which ascends from 22.65% to 29.25%, equivalent to a 144.56 kWh-year rise. Although the margins of profitability may differ by region, our study sheds light on the efficiency of this AI-integrated solar tracker, especially in regions like Brazil or Spain, which facilitates alternative energy policies with possible economic benefits.
Effectiveness validation of Physical Exercise Routines for Hypertensive Patients using Wearable Devices and Machine Learning
Authors: Toapanta Bernabé Mariuxi , Alcívar Aray César , Ramos Tomalá David , Quinde Merchán Nixon
Published: June 2024

High blood pressure is a chronic disorder that consists of increased blood pressure. Research has demonstrated that physical exercise can have effects like the use of some medications in hypertensive patients, leading healthcare professionals to prescribe physical activities for these types of patients commonly. However, hypertensive patients have different physiological realities, so the treatment and prescribed exercises must be personalized and adapted to each one of them. Relevant information has been gathered from bibliographic sources and surveys of medical experts to identify the factors influencing hypertension, commonly used machine learning models in medicine, and clinical datasets of patients with hypertension. This data is used to train predictive models, enabling specialists to assess the effectiveness of prescribed exercises for hypertensive patients. A comparative analysis of machine learning models such as Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression was conducted to determine the best model for evaluating the effectiveness of prescribed exercises. Metrics such as accuracy, precision, and recall were used for evaluation. The Decision Tree algorithm achieved the best performance with an accuracy rate of 79%. This evaluated model will be integrated into the platform developed in the subsequent phases of the FCI Research Project.
Supply Chain Analysis Based on New Retail Models in B2B Context–Taking Hema Fresh as an Example
Authors: Hu Yajun
Published: June 2024

With the continuous progress of Internet technology, the retail industry is undergoing digital transformation, and supply chain management plays an important role in the transformation of the retail industry. This paper has an in-depth discussion of Hema Fresh’s new retail model based on the B2B background and analyzes the retail model transformation path of Hema Fresh from the perspective of digitalization. This paper explores the problems in the supply chain of supermarket chains driven by new retail. Hema Fresh needs to integrate digital means in the transformation of the new retail model and plan the layout in combination with the actual situation of the actual enterprise development. This paper analyzes the development path of Hema Fresh by combining the actual cases and concludes that Hema Fresh needs to reconstruct the supply chain structure to increase its market share. By analyzing the actual situation of enterprise development, it puts forward the transformation and upgrading strategy of Hema Fresh, hoping to provide effective suggestions for the development of retail enterprises.
Building a Supply Chain System to Create a High-end Route - Taking Pagoda as an example
Authors: Wu Yue
Published: June 2024

The development of a supply chain is of great significance to enterprises. This paper explores the business model of Pagoda from the supply chain system of Pagoda. Based on the supply chain analysis, the existence of the supply chain concept is underdeveloped. Supply chain management systems are not sufficient to analyze and make recommendations. The establishment of a fresh supply chain in Pagoda consists of three main aspects: First, the establishment of the supply chain focuses on fresh planting links, from the location of more than 200 fruit planting bases, the establishment of 17 fresh distribution centers, and the source of quality control of fresh produce. Second, establish multifaceted fresh fruit grading criteria to improve fruit quality, strengthen quality consistency, and build brands. Widen the brand premium and gross profit space, laying the foundation; Third, on the one hand, it strengthens the scale of the direct fresh-picking base, and, on the other hand, the single-product brand thinking operation further expands the company’s differentiated pricing space. Through its internal development and external capabilities, Pagoda influences and manages the entire industry chain, from fruit cultivation to retail. Pagoda is also directly involved in the plantation to ensure the production of high-quality fruit, implementing professional or standardized quality management throughout the industry chain.
Analysis of the Profit Model of Internet Money Market Funds Based on the Characteristics of Internet Economy–Taking balance treasure as an example
Authors: Huang Aojie
Published: June 2024

The development of Internet technology has, to a certain extent, changed and impacted some traditional financial business models. At the same time, faced with uncertainties such as epidemics and wars, the state has tightened the regulation of money market funds, and the capital market has seen extensive changes. The emergence of generalized artificial intelligence technology has once again accelerated the arrival of the AI revolution. Therefore, this paper takes the characteristics of the Internet economy as an analytical perspective, discusses in depth the profit model of Internet money market funds, and concludes that under the empowerment of the characteristics of the Internet economy network, socialization and digitalization, the traditional financial industry has formed a brand new Internet wealth management product Balance Bao with a low threshold, convenient operation and high rate of return, which significantly promotes the development and innovation of the traditional commercial banks, and also gives a deeper meaning to the society in the Internet—enabling the conventional industry to deeper thinking. The research in this paper is of great significance for the transformation and upgrading of traditional commercial bank products and services and the future development of Internet money market funds. At the same time, it also provides a new perspective for China to actively promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization to promote the deep integration of Internet technology and the real economy, enrich people’s lives, and enhance the modernization of the level of social governance.
The Operational Logic and Resolution of Dilemmas Driving Urban Cultural Tourism Development through Ice and Snow Sports: A Case Study of Harbin
Authors: Xiao Yuxin , Zhang Miaochen
Published: June 2024

Since the macro goal of “300 million people joining in ice and snow sports activities” was put forward, and the purpose was to advocate Winter Olympics, familiar winter sports have entered the public domain. The baton of “net-famous cities” has regained prosperous vitality into Harbin, an old-fashioned heavy industry city in Northeast China. The city has gained widespread attention among public, not only propelling Harbin to a prominent position on the tourism radar, but also triggering numerous hot topics. Under the guidance of various levels of policy, the new business models of ice and snow culture and distinctive sightseeing in Harbin will undoubtedly cultivate a nationwide sports atmosphere. With the upcoming hosting of multiple domestic events, the commercial value of urban sports events is also improving. However, tourism popularity always experiences gradual ebb after its illustrious peak with the weakening of public attention and enthusiasm. How Harbin can deeply tap into its own natural advantages when public interest diminishes, develop characteristic winter events. It is worthwhile to consider how to integrate snow and ice-related sporting events with metropolitan tourist attractions in an environmentally sound way.
How Can Sports Market Access Principles Standardize and Empower the Development of Professional Sports Industry
Authors: Chen Wenhao
Published: June 2024

The development of professional sports needs institutional policies to regulate, and correct and reasonable access rules can regulate and empower the development of professional sports industry. The development of sports industry is inseparable from the principle of access. At present, the offensive of Jinyuan football is weakening step by step, and the clubs that used to spend heavily have lost their financial power in the past. In the context of the current depression, more and more clubs cannot pass the rules of access and thus lose the qualification of the Chinese Super League. What kind of access principle is more matching with the current environment and can promote the development of the league is worth thinking about. Understand the law of the operation and development of sports industry and the significance of sports market access principle to the league Why sports market access principle can standardize and empower the development of professional sports industry.
The Effectiveness of CBT on Panic Disorders in People from Different Age Intervals
Authors: Zhang Chenyu
Published: June 2024

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a common way to treat the mental disorders, such as anxiety disorder and depression. This article focuses on how different formats of CBT differs from each other and how effective CBT is to treat panic disorders in people from different age intervals. As the development of the technology, remote CBT turns out to have no significant difference with offline ones. Whether delivered as self-guided or face-to-face is also unimportant. Thus, these factors do not have an impact on the research to effectiveness of CBT while treating panic disorders. The result shows that for both teenagers and the older adults, CBT can have a positive impact on declining panic symptoms. However, limitations are also obvious, and are mentioned in the article. In both fields, research is still inadequate. There is a lack of studies with large sample sizes, and therefore insufficient sample diversity. For teenagers, parents' effect and the peers in the surrounding should also be taken in to account. For late-life adults, their mental health can also be affected by the social connections and the care from offsprings. There are also no specific studies on the effectiveness of remote CBT in older adults. These are the directions for future research.
Major Depressive Disorder: A General Overview
Authors: Wang Tianqi
Published: June 2024

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has become a serious mental health problem with a lifetime prevalence of 15% to 20%. MDD is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, disability, and negative influence on patient's daily life This article is an overview of MDD, including its etiology, impacts, treatments, and recommendations for future perspective. The paper's results and discussion section will list the possible causes of MDD from biological, physiological, and social perspectives, such as physical active level and sleeping quality. Along with its impacts on individuals in social relationship, health and financial status. The article will also list several common treatment methods, for example, antidepressants, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Then provide some details regarding the perspective for the future. Overall, the readers could have a general overview to MDD. This paper is a review based on researches and studies collected using Google Scholar and PubMed Central in the field of MDD. Fundamental information about MDD is obtained from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 5th edition. For the etiology section, the primary source is Dean's study, which provides comprehensive information about the etiology of MDD. The overview of treatment is based on Li's study , which provides a clinical guideline on MDD treatment process. The article will also reference several other academic sources such as Cui's study and Mullen's study in order to provides a comprehensive overview of MDD.
From Movie to Narrative Universe: Transmedia Storytelling of Zootopia Film IP
Authors: Han Yishan
Published: June 2024

In the context of the ongoing development of multimedia convergence, cross-media storytelling has become an indispensable part of the film and television industry. Many film IPs have adopted the production mode of cross-media narrative, which not only significantly enhances their popularity but also greatly strengthens audience participation and loyalty. Disney's animated film Zootopia combines film IP with theme parks, spin-offs, games and other media. The IP has successfully expanded its story world through collaborative narrative across multiple media, providing a richer and more diverse story experience for the audience. Therefore, based on the concept of transmedia narrative, this paper focuses on analyzing the film IP of Crazy Animal City and its characteristics and analyses the strategy of transmedia narrative expansion of this IP in terms of content, audience, and science and technology, intending to explore the practical significance of the transmedia narrative of the film IP. This analysis contributes to understanding the use of transmedia narratives in today's film and television industry. It emphasizes the importance of exploring new narrative approaches and media integration strategies. In addition, it provides valuable insights and references for future film intellectual property.