bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Regional Frequency Analysis and Traditional At-Site Hydrological Frequency Analysis
Authors: Li Mengrui , Li Xiaodong , Ao Tianqi
Published: March 2019

Hydrological frequency analysis plays an indispensable role in the construction of national flood control projects. This study selects the stations with the smallest and largest discordances in the nine homogeneous regions of Sichuan Province as the representative stations, and results obtained by regional frequency analysis are compared with those obtained by traditional at-site hydrological frequency analysis. The results showed that the optimal frequency distribution of each representative station obtained by traditional at-site hydrological frequency analysis and the ones of corresponding homogeneous regions obtained by regional frequency analysis were not necessarily consistent, which was related to the site and homogeneous regions. At the same time, there were also differences between the fitting of the theoretical rainstorm frequency curve obtained by the two methods and the observation. In general, in each homogeneous region, the results obtained by regional frequency analysis and traditional at-site hydrological frequency analysis at the stations with the largest frequency analysis were quite different. The design values obtained by the two methods were also increasingly different with the increase of the return period. The study has specific reflections on the differences between regional frequency analysis and traditional at-site hydrological frequency analysis.
Reducing the Environmental Impacts of Electric Vehicles and Electricity Supply: How Hourly Defined Life Cycle Assessment and Smart Charging Can Contribute
Authors: Baumann Michael , Salzinger Michael , Remppis Simon , Schober Benjamin , Held Michael , Graf Roberta
Published: March 2019

Increasing shares of renewable electricity generation lead to fundamental changes of the electricity supply, resulting in varying supply mixes and environmental impacts. The hourly-defined life cycle assessment (HD-LCA) approach aims to capture the environmental profile of electricity supply in an hourly resolution. It offers a flexible connectivity to unit commitment models or real-time electricity production and consumption data from electricity suppliers. When charging EVs, the environmental impact of the charging session depends on the electricity mix during the session. This paper introduces the combination of HD-LCA and smart charging and illustrates its impacts on the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of BEVs.
A NEW STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP FOR CRACKED TENSILE CONCRETE IN FLEXURE/NAUJA SUPLEIŠĖJUSIO TEMPIAMO BETONO ĮTEMPIŲ-DEFORMACIJŲ PRIKLAUSOMYBĖ LENKIAMIEMS ELEMENTAMS
Authors: Kaklauskas Gintaris , Kaklauskas Gintaris
Published: March 2019

Straipsnyje pasiūlyta nauja supleišejusio tempiamo betono įtempių-deformacijų priklausomybė lenkiamų gelžbetoninių elementų deformacijoms skaičiuoti. Taikant Šią priklausomybę, lenkiamų elementų deformacijos gali būti apskaičiuojamos tiek baigtinių elementių metodu, tiek klasikinėmis medžiagų atsparumo formulėmis, skerspjūvį sudalijus į betono ir armatūros sluoksnius. Įvade pateikta plati supleišejusio tempiamo betono įtempių-deformacijų priklausomybių [4–35] apžvalga.

Kuriant medžiagos priklausomybę buvo taikomas autoriaus ir jo kolegų pasiūlytas metodas [24, 37], kuriuo iš eksperimentinių lenkiamų gelžbetoninių sijų momentų-kreivių ir (arba) momentų-deformacijų diagramų nustatoma visa tempiamo betono vidutinių įtempių-deformacijų diagrama, įskaitant ir jos krintančiqją dalį.

Šiame darbe tempiamo betono vidutinių įtempių-deformacijų kreivės buvo nustatytos 16 mažai ir vidutiniškai armuotų stačiakampio skerspjūvio gelžbetoninių sijų, kurias trumpalaike apkrova (dviem koncentruotomis jėgomis) išbandė Figarovskis [38]. Darbe panaudoti pirmosios ir trečiosios serijos sijų (1 lentelė), armuotų atitinkamai lygia ir rumbuota armatūra, duomenys. Iš eksperimentinių momentų-kreivių diagramų (2 ir 3 pav.) nustatytos tempiamo betono vidutinių įtempių-deformacijų priklausomybės pateiktos 4 ir 5 pav. Šių kreivių krintančioji dalis charakterizuoja supleišėjusio betono darbą. Nors kreivių forma skirtingoms sijoms yra pakankamai panaši, kreivės labiausiai skiriasi krintančiosios dalies ilgiu. Krintančioji kreivės dalis charakterizuojama deformacija ϵ t,0, atitinkančia įtempius, lygius nuliui. Šios deformacijos, išreikštos santykiniu dydžiu β = ϵ t,0/ϵ cr (kur ϵ cr yra betono supleišėjimo deformacija, žr. 1 pav.), priklausomybě nuo armavimo procento yra pateikta 6 pav. Šiame paveiksle kartu pateikti ankstesnių tyrimų rezultatai, gauti Clarko ir Speirso eksperimentinėms sijoms [5]. Akivaizdi β priklausomybė nuo armavimo procento p (6 pav.) aprašoma (8) priklausomybe. Apdorojus šiame darbe bei anksčiau gautas tempiamo betono įtempių-deformacijų diagramas, buvo pasiūlyta minėtoji medžiagos priklausomybė, aprašyta (9) arba (11) lygtimi.
On Constraining the Growth History of Massive Black Holes via Their Distribution on the Spin–Mass Plane
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Lu Youjun
Published: March 2019

The spin distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) contains rich information on the MBH growth history. In this paper, we investigate the spin evolution of MBHs by assuming that each MBH experiences two-phase accretion, with an initial phase of coherent accretion via either the standard thin disk or super-Eddington disk, followed by a chaotic-accretion phase composed of many episodes with different disk orientations. If the chaotic-accretion phase is significant to the growth of an MBH, the MBH spin quickly reaches the maximum value because of the initial coherent accretion, then changes to a quasi-equilibrium state and fluctuates around a value mainly determined by the mean ratio of the disk to the MBH mass (M
•) in the chaotic-accretion episodes, and further declines because of late chaotic accretion if

. The turning point to this decline is determined by the equality of the disk warp radius and disk size. By matching the currently available spin measurements with mock samples generated from the two-phase model(s) on the spin–mass plane, we find that MBHs must experience significant chaotic-accretion phase with many episodes and that the mass accreted in each episode is roughly 1%–2% of M
• or less. MBHs with

appear to have intermediate-to-high spins (∼0.5–1), while lighter MBHs have higher spins (≳0.8). The best matches also infer that (1) the radiative efficiencies (η) of those active MBHs appear to slightly decrease with M
•; however, the correlation between η and M
•, if any, is weak; (2) the mean radiative efficiency of active MBHs is

, consistent with the global constraints.
Les mises en scène du corps d’Ana Mendieta (1948-1985)
Authors: Lucien Renée Clémentine
Published: March 2019

Cette étude s’intéresse à la frustration et au trouble identitaires de l’artiste cubano-étasunienne Ana Mendieta, qui a quitté Cuba à l’âge de douze ans, et montre que son corps, à la fois objet et sujet d’une œuvre essentiellement autobiographique, est au cœur de son dispositif esthétique. Les mises en scènes de son corps vont des performances produites à l’université d’Iowa, influencées par l’art conceptuel des années 1970 et nourries par les revendications du mouvement féministe et multiculturaliste, aux empreintes rituelles de son corps réalisées dans le site précolombien zapotèque de Yagul, pour aboutir aux sculptures rupestres de la grotte de las Escaleras de Jaruco des années 1980, à La Havane. Outre les codes propres à ces genres travaillés par l’artiste, il faut prendre en considération ceux de la documentation qui donne accès à ses performances et Siluetas et qui relève de la photographie.
Serving the private good through legal manoeuvrings
Authors: Margies Nina
Published: March 2019

Urban mega-projects are commonly deemed a symbol of public-private alliances where redistribution of public money into private hands is common practice. They tend to be great platforms for strategically positioned companies in the private sector to place their services and maximise profits. Such dispossession processes are often actively orchestrated and backed by the state. Theorising through the concept of accumulation by dispossession, this article undertakes a closer examination on how these processes are arranged. Of special interest will be the role of state actors and the way they use legal manoeuvrings in organising dispossession. Using the example of Madrid´s large-scale riverfront regeneration, the analysis reveals how the local government made use of their monopoly of legal power by altering, circumventing and ignoring legal regulations to the benefit of certain economic actors in the private sector while at the same time dispossessing the larger urban population of (future) public spending.
The Urban Politics of Juventus’ New Football Stadium
Authors: Lekakis Nikos
Published: March 2019

This article examines the local politics around a new private football stadium construction project in Southern Europe, within the frame of urban regime theory. The project aimed at demolishing a recently renovated municipal stadium in Turin, Italy and building a new one for Juventus FC. This new stadium project was the product of an urban regime that governed Turin for some years, an outcome that raises an important issue as, in the US, the explanatory power of regime theory for most stadium projects is in doubt. Using this evidence, the article adds to the ongoing debate on whether US urban politics theories can explain urban affairs in European cities and draws some similarities and differences between European and US urban politics.
Pictures that denounce? In the Jungle of Calais, Banksy and the Hearts of Cardboard
Authors: Darcis Damien
Published: March 2019

In this paper, I would like to question the political power of images in the urban space. To do this, I rely on the confrontation of two types of images displayed in Calais, a city now associated with the "migrant problem". On the one hand, I will study four interventions by street artist Banksy. On the other side, I will analyse images made by anonymous artists, in remote, less visible sites, on the walls, on the doors or on the windows of squats including migrants. While Banksy's images convey a political message denouncing the situation of migrants, politicians in Calais have said they want to protect these paintings. Conversely, anonymous images, which do not convey any political message, are systematically erased or rendered inaccessible. Based on the work of Michel Foucault, Jacques Rancière and Étienne Balibar, I would like to show that this paradox is perhaps explained less by the celebrity of Banksy than by the relation of images to space: Banksy’s murals maintain, even perpetuate, the divisions of space and the relations between social groups constituting the established order, whereas anonymous images suspend them for a while, to make heterotopic places exist.
Images in South Lebanon: an Absent Presence. The Case of the Former Khiam Prison
Authors: Fournier Zara
Published: March 2019

This article investigates the status and effect of images in the post-conflict public space of South Lebanon which is the stage of political and social configurations involving specific means of image production on the territory. How, why and for whom are images produced in a post-conflict area that has been perceived as “invisible” for thirty years? Are the images produced a way to go beyond this conflict or do they perpetuate it? All of these artefacts are resources for the appropriation of the southern Lebanese space; but discrepancies are created on the ground by their limited effects and reception. The aim of this paper is to point out the dissonances between the presumed power of these images and their effectiveness on the ground by focusing on the staging of the former prison of Khiam since 2000 and its reflection of all these dynamics. We will show that images in Khiam and in the South are in a liminal state: they are produced for Others who are not directly addressed, they are contested but not on-site and the effect of this contestation is null. They are finally ghosts in the place, ghosts in the territory.
Kodak’s Colorama and the Construction of the Gaze in Public Space
Authors: Philizot Vivien
Published: March 2019

Between the 1950s and 1989, Kodak continuously occupied a surface of approximately one hundred square metres in New York’s Grand Central Station with a display of panoramic photographs that were changed regularly. These giant “Coloramas” presented photographed scenes that were taken specifically for the project, with the hundreds of images displayed during this period all showing an idealised representation of the American family. These photographs would, however, have remained ordinary had their defining feature not been the placement of the photographer within the frame of the image. By connecting photography to the point of view by which it is constructed, these panoramas seem to prescribe to their public a certain relation to the images, and to initiate a reflexive process which seems to have now become general. The huge area covered by the Coloramas has today given way to the more discreet surface of our smartphones, laptops and other digital tablets, which govern our various visual practices and reorganise the notions of image, point of view and reflexivity in new ways. Between the Coloramas of the 1960s and today’s touch screens, the question arises as to whether the multiplication and spread of visual surface has changed something in the way that image – and thus the gaze – is built in public space.
Infelicitous Efficacy: Alfred Hrdlicka’s Memorial against War and Fascism
Authors: Schult Tanja , Popescu Diana I.
Published: March 2019

Austrian sculptor Alfred Hrdlicka’s Monument against War and Fascism (1988/91) in central Vienna is the focal point of this article, which asks what contested images in public places do. Hrdlicka’s memorial is treated as a symptom of the changing Austrian memory culture of the late 1980s. We locate the memorial in the context of its realisation and reflect on the performative force, which results from its central sculpture and point of contention: the bronze figure of the so-called Street-washing Jew. This visual element caused prominent after-effects such as public discussions and artistic interventions. Two such interventions by artists Steven Cohen (2007) and Ruth Beckermann (2015) will be briefly invoked in relation to what we argue is this memorial’s blind spot. In their own distinct performative ways, all three works make visible how Austrian participations in the Nazi crimes are being negotiated in the public space over a period of 30 years. However, since only Hrdlicka’s monument is permanently installed, its central image echoes a memory culture in transformation no longer valid.
Infant Cry Recognition System
Authors: Mohammed Yosra Abdulaziz
Published: March 2019

Cries of infants can be seen as an indicator of pain. It has been proven that crying caused by pain, hunger, fear, stress, etc., show different cry patterns. The work presented here introduces a comparative study between the performance of two different classification techniques implemented in an automatic classification system for identifying two types of infants' cries, pain, and non-pain. The techniques are namely, Continuous Hidden Markov Models (CHMM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Two different sets of acoustic features were extracted from the cry samples, those are MFCC and LPCC, the feature vectors generated by each were eventually fed into the classification module for the purpose of training and testing. The results of this work showed that the system based on CDHMM have better performance than that based on ANN. CDHMM gives the best identification rate at 96.1%, which is much higher than 79% of ANN whereby in general the system based on MFCC features performed better than the one that utilizes LPCC features.
Examining Social Commerce Intentions Through the Uses and Gratifications Theory
Authors: Aydin Gokhan
Published: March 2019

Changes in consumer behavior enabled by social networking technologies is leading to a transformation in e-commerce. Consumers' use of social media sites and relevant technologies for different aspects of shopping has become an issue of utmost concern to retailers and related businesses. Adopting a uses and gratifications theory (UGT) perspective, the article aims to demonstrate motives of users utilizing social media in their purchase decisions. Drawing from digital marketing and e-commerce literature, relevant uses and gratifications for social commerce (s-commerce) were chosen as information access, escape, entertainment, passing time, cool and new trends, and socialization. The proposed model was analyzed and tested via OLS regression and ANOVA analysis using the data collected from a survey study on 361 subjects in Turkey. Information access, relaxing entertainment, and socialization motives emerged as significant antecedents of s-commerce intentions. No significant effect of demographics on social commerce intentions were observed in the analysis.
Enhancing Online Auction Transaction Likelihood
Authors: Chen Lei , Tu Yanbin
Published: March 2019

This article compares four data mining models (discriminant analysis, logistic regression, decision tree, and multilayer neural networks) for online auction transaction predictions. It aims to choose the best model in terms of prediction accuracy and to identify determinants significant for auction transactions. By using datasets from eBay, the authors find that the best data mining model for auction transactions is multilayer neural networks. Logistic regression and decision tree models can be used to identify determinants significant for auction transaction such as seller's feedback profile, listing picture, listing files size, return policies, and others. By adjusting these listing options, sellers could increase the auction transaction likelihood. This study will help sellers improve their auction listings by constructing effective selling strategies so that they can enhance the likelihood of online auction transactions. All these efforts will help improve their online auction performances and finally lead to a more efficient electronic marketplace.
The Role Micro-Blogging Plays in Informal Communication and Knowledge Sharing Activities Within Universities
Authors: Kazemian Shakiba
Published: March 2019

Micro-blogging is one of the most common informal social networking tools these days. Micro-blogs, a comparatively new phenomena, have changed the business world in a positive way with encouraging and providing a variability of impressions on collaboration and managerial novelty which growing very fast and becoming very popular among large organizations. Microblogging is considered as an opportunity that will finally enhance the employment engagement and providing a variety of effects on co-operative work (e.g., relational benefits & personal benefits to organizations). Until now, using enterprise social networks (ESNs) have been receiving increasingly more attention in business sectors such as multinational technology companies and practice over the past years, this article will review the biggest existing gap that is using internal social networking enterprise in academia.
Feature Based Approach for Detection of Smishing Messages in the Mobile Environment
Authors: Jain Ankit Kumar , Gupta B. B.
Published: March 2019

Smishing is a security attack that is performed by sending a fake message intending to steal personal credentials of mobile users. Nowadays, smishing attack becomes popular due to the massive growth of mobile users. The smishing message is very harmful since its target to financial benefits. In this article, the authors present a new feature-based approach to detect smishing messages in the mobile environment. This approach offers ten novel features that distinguish the fake messages from the ham messages. In this article, the authors have also identified the nineteen most suspicious keywords, which are used by the attacker to lure victims. This article has implemented these features on benchmarked dataset and applied numerous classification algorithms to judge the performance of the proposed approach. Experimental outcomes indicate that proposed approach can detect smishing messages with the 94.20% true positive rate and 98.74% overall accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed approach is very efficient for the detection of the zero hour attack.
Competency and Challenges of Traditional Medical Systems in Postcolonial Sri Lanka
Authors: Liyanage Chandani , Ekanayaka Pushpa
Published: March 2019

Modern medicine maintains a hegemonic position not merely due to its empirical validity but also due to crucial role played by socio-cultural and political forces that integrated with the process. As in contrast to remarkable achievements, modern medicine faces a challenge in the context of social, demographic and epidemiological transition in postcolonial societies where Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are on the increased due to non-medical courses. In this context, the main purpose of this paper is to explore competency and challenge of traditional medical systems in postcolonial Sri Lankan society to address emerging health hazards in contemporary society. The analysis of this paper is based on both primary and secondary data. A qualitative study was conducted to grasp provider perspective on the role of traditional medical systems in contemporary Sri Lanka. Findings suggest that traditional medical systems that based on Ayurveda philosophy have a greater competency to address root causes of contemporary health hazards. The paper concludes highlighting number of challenges face by traditional medical systems at the practical level.
BiasedN-Glycosylation Site Distribution and Acquisition across the Antibody V Region during B Cell Maturation
Authors: Koers Jana , Derksen Ninotska I. L. , Ooijevaar-de Heer Pleuni , Nota Benjamin , van de Bovenkamp Fleur S. , Vidarsson Gestur , Rispens Theo
Published: March 2019

Abs can acquire N-linked glycans in their V regions during Ag-specific B cell responses. Among others, these N-linked glycans can affect Ag binding and Ab stability. Elevated N-linked glycosylation has furthermore been associated with several B cell–associated pathologies. Basic knowledge about patterns of V region glycosylation at different stages of B cell development is scarce. The aim of the current study is to establish patterns of N-glycosylation sites in Ab V regions of naive and memory B cell subsets. We analyzed the distribution and acquisition of N-glycosylation sites within Ab V regions of peripheral blood and bone marrow B cells of 12 healthy individuals, eight myasthenia gravis patients, and six systemic lupus erythematosus patients, obtained by next-generation sequencing. N-glycosylation sites are clustered around CDRs and the DE loop for both H and L chains, with similar frequencies for healthy donors and patients. No evidence was found for an overall selection bias against acquiring an N-glycosylation site, except for the CDR3 of the H chain. Interestingly, both IgE and IgG4 subsets have a 2-fold higher propensity to acquire Fab glycans compared with IgG1 or IgA. When expressed as rmAb, 35 out of 38 (92%) nongermline N-glycosylation sites became occupied. These results point toward a differential selection pressure of N-glycosylation site acquisition during affinity maturation of B cells, which depends on the location within the V region and is isotype and subclass dependent. Elevated Fab glycosylation represents an additional hallmark of TH2-like IgG4/IgE responses.
FTRCA1, a Species-Specific Member of finTRIM Family, Negatively Regulates Fish IFN Response through Autophage-Lysosomal Degradation of TBK1
Authors: Wu Min , Zhao Xiang , Gong Xiu-Ying , Wang Yang , Gui Jian-Fang , Zhang Yi-Bing
Published: March 2019

In mammals, tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have emerged as pivotal players endowed with, directly, antiviral effects and, indirectly, modulatory capacity of the innate immune response. An unprecedented expansion of TRIM family has occurred in fish; however, the functional role of fish TRIM family members remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify a species-specific TRIM gene from crucian carp Carassius auratus, named FTRCA1, phylogenetically similar to the members of finTRIM, a subfamily of TRIM exclusively in teleost fish. FTRCA1 is induced by IFN and IFN stimuli as a typical IFN-stimulated gene. Overexpression of FTRCA1 negatively regulates IFN antiviral response by inhibition of IRF3 phosphorylation; consistently, knockdown of FTRCA1 results in enhanced levels of IRF3 phosphorylation and also IFN expression following poly(I:C) transfection. Whereas FTRCA1 is associated with several pivotal signaling molecules of RIG-I–like receptor pathway, its association with TBK1 results in autophage-lysosomal degradation of TBK1, thus abrogating the downstream IFN induction. Interestingly, FTRCA1 is phosphorylated by TBK1, but this phosphorylation is not required for downregulation of TBK1 protein. Transfection assays indicate that FTRCA1 is likely an E3 ligase with the requirement of RING finger domain, and deletion of N-terminal RING domain or mutation of seven conservative sites abolishes the negative regulatory function of FTRCA1. Collectively, these results illuminate a novel finTRIM-mediated innate immune modulatory pathway, thus providing insights into species-specific regulation of fish IFN response.
Analytical Specifications of Tamra Bhasma
Authors: Chaudhari Swapnil , Ruknuddin Galib , Prajapati Pradeep K , Rao Meda M
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

In Ayurveda, metals and minerals are converted into biocompatible forms through specified classical procedures like Shodhana, Marana, etc. before their therapeutic use. Their frequent use without any noticeable side effects since ages is the ultimate proof of safety. But, safety and toxicity concerns are being raised by conventional researchers considering the presence of heavy metals in them. Noncompliance of pharmaceutical procedures as described in Ayurvedic classics is one possible cause for toxicity. At the same time, no standard analytical profiles are available for many metallic preparations.

Materials and methods:

The present study aims to prepare and develop preliminary analytical profiles for Tamra bhasma (calcined copper) with and without Amritikarana on structural and elemental basis to address the role of the raw materials used during the preparation, compound form, nature and particle size of both samples.

Results and conclusion:

The study revealed that Tamra Bhasma contains copper in a nano-crystalline structure having standard mean diameter ~12.72 μ in Tamra bhasma without Amritikarana and ~8.83 μ in Amritikarana sample. Copper sulfide form (CuS) associated with elemental sulfur was found to be a structural component in both samples.
Chronic Toxicity Evaluation of Majoon-e-Kundur
Authors: Khan Mohammad A , Urooj Mohd , Razvi Syed H , Kazmi Munawwar H , Husain Gulam M
Published: March 2019

Background:

Majoon-e-Kundur (MK) is a compound Unani formulation used in Taqteer-ul-Baul (Dribbling of urine), Salas- ul-Baul(Urinary incontinence), Baul Filfarash (Nocturnal enuresis), Surat-e-Inzal (Premature ejaculation) and Zof-e-Masana (weakness of urinary bladder). However, toxicity studies on MK have not been carried out for its long-term use.

Objective:

The present study was carried out to study the 180 days repeated dose toxicity of MK in rats.

Materials and methods:

The study was carried out on Sprague Dawley (SD) rats of both sexes. Animals were divided into two groups (n = 15). MK was administered at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg bw/day p.o. for 180 days. After completion of 180 days blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis and animals were sacrificed, and organs were harvested for relative organ weight determination followed by histopathological evaluation.

Results:

Animals in groups treated with MK did not show any abnormal behavior or clinical signs indicative of systemic toxicity. There was no toxicologically significant alteration observed in body weight, feed intake, hematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weights and histopathological findings of control and MK treated rats of either sex.

Conclusion:

There were no toxicologically significant alterations with respect to clinical signs of toxicity, body weight gain and feed intake, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weight, gross necropsy and histopathological findings in MK treated rats at a dose of 2000 mg/kg bw as compared to control group. It may be concluded based on the above observations that MK is safe up to the limit dose tested in rats.
Formalização do micro e pequeno empreendedor
Authors: Pinheiro Nascimento Schleiden , Branz Stefano
Published: March 2019

Micro and small enterprises account for the largest generator of jobs in Brazil. Because of its size and the realization of a large number of informal, a question arises: what are the difficulties and facilities encountered by micro and small formal and informal entrepreneurs in the formalization process in general. This study aimed to describe the facilities and difficulties for the formalization of micro and small empreendeedor. Despite the micro and small entrepreneurs have had due recognition of its importance recently, the government has adopted a number of measures that seek to make life easier for micro and small entrepreneurs to increase their survival rate and also to encourage those who have not yet They formalized to formalize and contribute directly to the tax that can be reversed in education, health, security, etc. For data collection were applied 25 (twenty five) questionnaires to micro and small entrepreneurs of the Jardim da Penha neighborhood, Vitória, state of Espírito Santo. With the questionnaire was concluded that the micro and small entrepreneur still has a very high cost with taxes and tax burdens, but it was also observed that most entrepreneurs are unaware of the incentives offered by the government and end continuing informally for lack of information, which is an improvement point to note.
The climate in south-east Moravia, Czech Republic, 1803–1830, based on daily weather records kept by the Reverend Šimon Hausner
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Valášek Hubert , Chromá Kateřina , Dolák Lukáš , Řezníčková Ladislava , Bělínová Monika , Valík Adam , Zahradníček Pavel
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Weather diaries constitute an important source of data for historical climatology, employed in the analysis of weather patterns for both the pre-instrumental and the early instrumental periods. Among the many weather diaries that exist in Europe, the daily records kept by the Reverend Šimon Hausner from Buchlovice in south-east Moravia (Czech Republic), covering the 1803–1831 period, are particularly useful. His qualitative daily weather descriptions enable the construction of series for temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, wind and other weather phenomena (particularly thunderstorms and fogs), supplemented by a number of phenological and agricultural work records. His data related to temperature and precipitation patterns were quantified into a series of weighted temperature and precipitation indices on 7-degree scales, which were subsequently compared with standard meteorological observations from the secular meteorological station in Brno. This comparison indicates that Hausner’s observations were highly reliable and confirms the importance of his data for a better understanding of the variability of the regional climate in the period of early instrumental measurements in Moravia. At the same time, it reveals the importance of weather-related documentary data in the overlap period with instrumental meteorological observations.
10,000 years of melt history of the 2015 Renland ice core, EastGreenland
Authors: Taranczewski Tetsuro , Freitag Johannes , Eisen Olaf , Vinther Bo , Wahl Sonja , Kipfstuhl Sepp
Published: March 2019

Abstract. An ice core drilled in 2015 on the Renland ice cap at the eastern margin of Greenland has been inspected with regard to its melt content. The thickness of a melt layer reflects the temperature level at the time of melt generation. Hence the melt layers are an indicator of past regional summer temperatures in East Greenland, a region where paleoclimate records are sparse. Melt layers have been identified almost along the whole core, resulting in a melt record reaching back 10,000 years. By gathering additional information about melt rates as well as high-resolution densities in two shallow cores, we developed an approach to correct the annual melt content for the ice volume that gets lost by the thinning process. The result is a melt record with decadal- to centennial- scale resolution for the last two millennia, and the most accurate Holocene climate record for Eastern Greenland so far. The observed changes of annual melt rates show a warm early Holocene, with melt rates higher than in the recent past century, and minimum melting during the Little Ice Age. Current melt rates show a strong increase for the early 20th century as well as for the time since the end of the past century, with the recent 2012 extreme melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet being the strongest melt event in the past 500 years.
Cartografias de quem produz cartografias: narrativas dos professores sobre crianças e mapas
Authors: Roberti Daniel Luiz Poio , Lopes Jader Janer Moreira
Published: March 2019

O texto fala de mapas, crianças e escolas na visão de determinados atores. São eles: professores universitários que contribuíram para a formação da Cartografia Escolar no Brasil. A Cartografia Escolar é um campo de pesquisa que surge na interface entre Educação e Geografia, a partir das primeiras discussões empreendidas pelo grupo Geografia e Cartografia Escolar no final da década de 90. Este grupo de pesquisa é coordenado pelas professoras Rosângela Doin de Almeida e Regina Araújo Almeida. A história do grupo se mistura com a dos seus eventos acadêmicos, como os Colóquios de Cartografia para Criança e Escolares. Até o momento foram 7 eventos de Cartografia para escolares no Brasil. O objetivo de nossa pesquisa foi compreender os movimentos e práticas cartográficas que se encontram emaranhados nas narrativas dos entrevistados e nos anais dos colóquios, simpósios e fóruns de Cartografia para Crianças. Constatamos que o campo da Cartografia Escolar sofre influência de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, principalmente, da psicologia do desenvolvimento e da filosofia.

Palavras-chave: Cartografia Escolar, Colóquios para Criança e escolares, Mapas
A ferrovia como via de integração nacional: um discurso sobre a unidade territorial
Authors: Martins Marco Túlio , Souza Rita De Cássia Martins de
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho intitulado A ferrovia como via de integração nacional: um discurso sobre a unidade territorial tem como objetivo central a análise da materialidade geográfica projetada a partir dos discursos dos geopolíticos militares, no caso, o historiador e geopolítico brasileiro Nelson Werneck Sodré em consonância com o discurso de Mário Travassos. Foi abordada uma perspectiva geopolítica recorrente nas obras e nos discursos promulgados pelos militares, qual seja: a integração nacional e a formação do mercado interno; a ferrovia e a integração territorial. A análise está envolta da perspectiva de formação do território brasileiro, constituindo uma das perspectivas teórico-metodológica do pensamento geográfico: o discurso geográfico como forma de projeção da materialidade territorial de um Estado.

Palavras-Chave: Pensamento Geográfico; Unidade Territorial brasileira; geopolítica brasileira; Nelson Werneck Sodré.
Bottom-Kissing and the Fragility of Status in Chaucer's Miller's Tale
Authors: Friedman John Block
Published: March 2019

The Miller's Tale attacks authority and permanence of status among a highly class-conscious, small bourgeoisie, using the humiliation through bottom-kissing found in the Old French fabliaux Berengier au Lonc Cul and La Gageure. Chaucer's recollection of these fabliaux may have influenced the postures of Alisoun and Nicholas in the Miller's Tale's window scenes, scenes that ultimately result in a loss of status, certainty, and authority for all of the major characters but Alisoun. Moreover, the ancient motif of apotropaic sexual exhibitionism, where the display of female genitalia, the buttocks, and farting averted demons, is comically used to imagine Absolon as such a demon when he comes wooing at Alisoun's window on the night of her tryst with Nicholas.
DOENÇAS PSICOLÓGICAS DENTRO DAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO: UM PARÂMETRO
SOBRE AS DOENÇAS QUE MAIS AFASTAM AS PESSOAS DO TRABALHO
Authors: Suellem Garcia Cardoso Dyellma , de Almeida Coimbra Strasser Francislaine
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the importance of discussing psychological illnesses
related to the frenetic daily life within companies and, as a consequence, results in dismissals and
claims of labor claims. Also important in the legal sense of preserving the fundamental rights of
the individual, as well as the dignity of the same, aiming to provide an awareness of all parties in
the labor relations, to develop the valuation of the work environment with quality of life. For that,
the hypothetical-deductive method was used, through bibliographical research, using doctrine,
electronic articles and normative, infraconstitutional and constitutional texts. The conclusion
reached was the need to raise the awareness of employers in the management of labor activities
in order to preserve the health of the workers "immersed" in the era of capitalism, where the logic
of the result prevails.
HORAS “IN ITINERE” E A HIPOSSUFICIÊNCIA DO TRABALHADOR RURAL NA
REFORMA TRABALHISTA
Authors: Manzano Dos Santos Falconi Clarissa
Published: March 2019

The present study deals with the impacts of the Labor Reform in the hours "in itinere" for the rural
worker, with the objective of demonstrating the lack of representativeness of these workers in the
legislative process and their hypersufficiency before employers and State, resulting in the analysis
of the profiles of the congressmen of the ruralist groups and their party interests and the rural
worker, using as an inductive and hypothetical-deductive method and concluding by the
discrepancy between the interests of the workers and the political class, making at least a
representation that seeks the protection of human dignity and the guiding principle in the design
of projects for the category.
O FUTEBOL OPERÁRIO E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO ESTÁDIO MUNICIPAL “PACAEMBU”
Authors: Barrientos Ferreira Matheus
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to study the history of the construction of the Pacaembu Municipal
Stadium, in the city of São Paulo, focusing on the beginning of São Paulo football since the origin
and evolution, in a temporal cut of 1900-1940. The reflection of the work will be based on the
purpose of analyzing the development process of soccer within the city of São Paulo and in other
localities of the country that had influence for the development of soccer in Brazil.
Temporary Protection Regimes and Refugees: What Works? Comparing the Kuwaiti, Bosnian, and Syrian Refugee Protection Regimes
Authors: Bastaki Jinan
Published: March 2019

Many states have responded to mass influxes of refugees fleeing generalized violence and war by setting up ad hoc and/or temporary protection regimes. These regimes have had various degrees of success, depending particularly on the length of stay of the refugees. This article will compare the approach of states to three separate refugee influxes—Kuwaiti refugees in the Gulf, Bosnian refugees in Germany, and Syrian refugees in Turkey—and will argue that efforts to harmonize temporary protection measures are desirable, but given that these situations tend to be prolonged, there must be greater responsibility sharing between states, in order to lead to greater integration of refugees in the host states.
Stories for Asylum: Narrative and Credibility in the United States’ Political Asylum Application
Authors: Holland Madeline
Published: March 2019

This article examines the narrative demands placed on asylum seekers to the United States. Engaging with scholars from the felds of narratology and literature, this article argues that “telling a story” is an implicit requirement of the asylum application process to the United States, and that the stories of asylum seekers are evaluated for their truthfulness on the basis of criteria that align with literary standards of veracity. The article examines the implications of bringing these literary standards of veracity to bear on asylum seekers’ stories, and explores the ways in which a “true” story told by an asylum seeker may fail to be recognized as such.
Decade of Despair: The Contested Rebuilding of the Nahr al-Bared Refugee Camp, Lebanon, 2007–2017
Authors: Knudsen Are John
Published: March 2019

In mid-2007 the Nahr al-Bared refugee camp near Tripoli was destroyed by the Lebanese Army battling an insurgent Islamist group, Fatah al-Islam. Displacing about 30,000 Palestinian refugees, it was one of the largest internal battles in post–civil war Lebanon. A decade later, the camp has yet to be fully rebuilt; indeed, reconstruction has been slow, confictual, and underfunded. Rebuilding the camp has been contested and delayed by political opposition, funding shortfalls, and complex ownership of land and property. About half of the displaced families have been able to return, the remainder are internally displaced, living temporarily in other camps or rented apartments. This article analyzes the slow-paced reconstruction of the Nahr al-Bared camp and especially what can be learnt from rehousing refugees in a militarized space of exception.
Cuestiones actuales sobre la temporalidad y la estabilización en el empleo público. Reseña de la V Jornada de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social
Authors: Beltrán de Heredia Ruiz Ignasi
Published: March 2019

La temporalidad y los procesos de estabilización en el empleo público describen una realidad muy compleja sujeta a marcos normativos cambiantes y numerosas controversias hermenéuticas, sin olvidar la incidencia que sobre los mismos tienen las oscilantes disponibilidades presupuestarias.

El programa de la “V Jornada de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social”, celebrada el 13 de noviembre 2018 en la sede institucional de la UOC en Barcelona, tuvo por objeto abordar las cuestiones más novedosas y controvertidas relacionadas con estas cuestiones a partir de 4 ponencias impartidas por destacados exponentes de la academia y la judicatura.
Bryophyte Phylogeny Poster (BPP)
Authors: Cole Theodor C H , Hilger Hartmut H , Goffinet Bernard
Published: March 2019

Bryophyte Phylogeny Poster

This educational poster presents an overview of the evolutionary relationships among nonvascular land plants based on broad consensus as of early 2019. The phylogenetic tree depicts the divisions, subclasses, orders, and families of "bryophytes", listing the main apomorphies and plesiomorphies as well as diagnostic and nondiagnostic anatomical, morphological, and phytochemical features also for the higher ranks within the tree. The intuitive color-coding facilitates memorization and teaching. Translations of the poster by internationally renown bryologists will soon amount to 12 languages (all available on ResearchGate). This is part of a series of educational posters on the phylogeny of land plants.
Opening Up Open Access Institutional Repositories to Demonstrate Value: Two Universities’ Pilots on Including Metadata-Only Records
Authors: Bjork Karen , Cummings-Sauls Rebel , Otto Ryan
Published: March 2019

INTRODUCTION Institutional repository managers are continuously looking for new ways to demonstrate the value of their repositories. One way to do this is to create a more inclusive repository that provides reliable information about the research output produced by faculty affiliated with the institution. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM This article details two pilot projects that evaluated how their repositories could track faculty research output through the inclusion of metadata-only (no full-text) records. The purpose of each pilot project was to determine the feasibility and provide an assessment of the long-term impact on the repository’s mission statement, staffing, and collection development policies. NEXT STEPS This article shares the results of the pilot project and explores the impact for faculty and end users as well as the implications for repositories.
Patterns of hepatitis B virusSgene escape mutants and reverse transcriptase mutations among genotype D isolates in Jordan
Authors: Ababneh Nidaa A. , Sallam Malik , Kaddomi Doaa , Attili Abdelrahman M. , Bsisu Isam , Khamees Nadia , Khatib Amer , Mahafzah Azmi
Published: March 2019

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important infectious cause of morbidity and mortality in Jordan. HBV genotype D is the most prevalent in the country. Virus escape mutants in the HBVSregion is an important public health problem halting preventive efforts. The aim of the current study was to investigate patterns of HBV escape and resistance mutations and to assess domestic transmission of the virus.

Methods

Patients infected with HBV were recruited at Jordan University Hospital (n= 56) and were diagnosed during (1984–2012). A total of 37 partial HBVSsequences were generated using Sanger’s method. Mutation analysis was done using the HIV grade HBV drug resistance interpretation online tool and Geno2pheno (HBV) online tools. Domestic transmission of HBV was assessed using maximum likelihood phylogenetic inference with similar GenBank sequences.

Results

Genotyping revealed an exclusive presence of sub-genotype D1. Typical HBV escape mutants were identified in seven patients. These mutations included: L109R, Q129R, M133L, S143L and D144E with overall prevalence of 18.9% (95% CI [9.5–34.2]). Reverse transcriptase (RT) sequence analysis showed mutations in three patients with overall prevalence of 8.1% (95% CI [2.8–21.3]). RT mutations included: V173L, S202I, L180M, M204V and T184A. Transmission cluster analysis revealed a relatively high proportion of infections taking place as a result of domestic spread (29.7%).

Conclusions

Based on our findings, RT mutation analysis appears to be of high value before the initiation of therapy in patients with chronic HBV infection in Jordan. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a considerable proportion of local spread in the country which should be considered in the preventive infection control efforts.
LINC00473 mediates cyclin D1 expression through a balance between activation and repression signals in breast cancer cells
Authors: Shi Xiangmin , Wang Xiangting
Published: March 2019

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in tumorigenesis. However, their roles in breast cancer remain unclear. Here, we found that lncRNA LINC00473 is significantly upregulated in breast cancer cells. Loss‐ or gain‐of‐function experiments show that LINC00473 promotes cell proliferation. Mechanistically, LINC00473 is required for the activation of cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression through recruitment of phosphorylated CREB and histone acetylation to the CCND1 promoter. Interestingly, we found that LINC00473 is also required for maintaining the expression levels of the noncoding RNACCND1s and recruiting corepressor FUS to the CCND1 promoter. Altogether, the activation effect of LINC00473 on CCND1 is a net effect of two antagonistic regulatory pathways. Our finding provides a novel lncRNA‐mediated precise transcriptional control of CCND1.
Senate Appropriations Committee hears about funding needs for SAPT block grant
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: March 2019

The opioid epidemic is persisting, calling for the need for more funding, according to testimony on Capitol Hill last month. Mark Stringer, director of the Missouri Department of Mental Health and single state authority (SSA) for the state's Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment (SAPT) block grant. In addition, it's important to transition from opioid‐focused funding to general funding for substance use prevention and treatment in general, via increasing the block grant, he said.