bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENEGAKAN HUKUM KESEHATAN TERHADAP KEGIATAN MALPRAKTEK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Litania Ea Tawa Ajo Fransiska
Published: May 2022

Hukum Kesehatan merupakan salah satu Hukum yang penting yang saat ini terus bertumbuh di tengah masyarakat Indonesia. Pertumbuhan Hukum Kesehatan ini bukan semata-mata sebagai Formalitas pertumbuhan Hukum di Indonesia saja melainkan sebagai bentuk dukungan mengenai tuntutan dan kebutuhan Hukum Masyarakat Indonesia yang semakin hari, semakin berkembang. Pentingnya Hukum Kesehatan di Indonesia, dikarenakan baik hukum yang lain maupun Hukum Kesehatan telah melekat di dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Kita bisa bayangkan, jika hanya ada kesehatan saja tanpa ada hukum yang mengatur, maka segala hal mengenai kesehatan tidak akan berjalan sesuai dengan Kebutuhan kita. Dengan adanya perangkat hukum kesehatan, maka akan menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum yang menyeluruh baik bagi penyelenggara kesehatan, maupun masyarakat penerima pelayanan kesehatan. Hingga saat ini kasus Malpraktek terus terjadi di Indonesia. Hal inilah yang menjadi sorotan dimana peraturan perundang-undangan berkaitan dengan Hukum Kesehatan sangat diperlukan. Dalam penelitian ini metode tepat yang di gunakan adalah studi kasus dan studi kepustakaan. Dari studi kasus, penulis akan mengambil contoh kasus yang menjadi akan pertumbuhan Hukum Kesehatan di Indonesia. Sedangkan dari Studi Kepustakaan membantu penulis untuk membuat tulisan ini dengan membaca dari Buku serta referensi-referensi. Kesimpulan dari penulisan ini ialah kegiatan Malpraktek yang dilakukan oleh tenaga medis sering kali menyebabkan kerugian bagi pasien dan memiliki akibat yang fatal. Penegakan Hukum Kesehatan atas kegiatan Malpraktek harus lebih tegas. Artinya tidak sama- samar yang mana Penegakan Malpraktek harus benar- benar ada dalam perundang-undangan bukan berdasarkan pasal- pasal yang relevan.
The EFL Students’ Pragmatic Competence Level in Pakistan
Authors: Riheel Alnaas Taha Ayman , Hussain Sajjad , Sajid Aziz Muhammad , Ali Raza Hafiz
Published: May 2022

Second language teaching and learning has been grounded greatly on pragmatics. It has been a very important aspect of L2 learners. Majority of the existing literature on this subject matter has paid much attention to diverse pedagogies in the teaching and learning of English and how to integrate pragmatics in the classroom teaching of the language. Experts in the teaching and learning of English as a second language have over the period proven that understanding the level of competence of students’ pragmatics in terms of Pakistan EFL learners is imperative for establishing curriculum in teaching pragmatic competence. This study therefore addresses this aspect and pushes the debate further for a deeper understanding. This research specifically seeks to examine the pragmatic competence level of Pakistan students L2 learners or speakers as well as the contribution of gender and the type of school regarding their competency level in pragmatic knowledge. As for institution type, the results show that there is a significant difference regarding implicate and speech acts. The situational routines do not prove any differences for school type.
Infrastructure and long-term wellbeing -commentary
Authors: Coles-Riley Josh , Martin Steve
Published: May 2022

This commentary report accompanies a rapid review of evidence about how physical infrastructure influences long-term wellbeing, commissioned by the Welsh Government to help inform its approach to infrastructure planning and investment.
Niat Investasi Cryptocurrency di Indonesia
Authors: Nur Hendriawan Brian , Mustiko Aji Hendy
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find out what are the factors that drive consumerperceptions of young Indonesian Muslims towards cryptocurrencyinvestment intentions. The sample in this respondent was selectedusing a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of consumersbeing Muslim. The number of valid respondents was 120. All datawere analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The variables used inthis study are product knowledge, perceived quality, perceived risk,and behavioral intention. The results of this study indicate that theeffect of product knowledge has a positive effect on the perceptionof the quality of young Muslims towards cryptocurrency investment,product knowledge has a positive effect on the risk perception ofyoung Muslims towards cryptocurrency investment, and theperception of quality has a positive effect on the intentions of youngMuslims. Muslims towards cryptocurrency investment, Riskperception has a negative effect on the intentions of young Muslimstowards the use of cryptocurrency investments, Product knowledgehas a positive effect on the investment intentions of young Muslimstowards cryptocurrency investment. pay more attention to halalsensitivity and have an MUI halal certificate, so that Muslimconsumers can have an interest in cryptocurrency investment.
The Role of Caregiver in Patients of Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NFC) During Treatment
Authors: Silaen Harsudianto , Epy Mardiana Manurung Melva
Published: May 2022

Nasopharyngeal cancer patients with stage I – IV will cause painful symptoms such as signs of swelling due to the growth of abnormal tissue in the nasopharynx. Symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer can interfere with daily activities, the fulfillment of daily needs, and the need for rest. The dependence of nasopharyngeal cancer patients with stage I – IV is very minimal to carry out daily activities both physically, psychologically, socially, and in control of disease or symptoms related to treatment and care. This study aims to explore in-depth the meaning of the experience of a partner with nasopharyngeal cancer as a caregiver at home. This research is a descriptive phenomenological study. Data was collected by depth interviews and field notes. The participants in this study were 10 people who were selected by the purposive sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed using the Colaizzi approach. The results of the research analysis found 3 themes, namely helping patients in meeting basic needs, impact on caregivers, and wisdom for caregivers. In general, caregivers feel neglected, lack information on how to care for their partner with nasopharyngeal cancer and the use of health care facilities. Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that couples should be more informed about the disease of partners who have nasopharyngeal cancer in the form of health education.
An Analysis of Bathroom and Toilet Interior Design According to the Capacity of the Elderly
Authors: Ida Mulyati Made , Anatolia S.M.Exposto Levi
Published: May 2022

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is categorized as elderly if a person is 65 years old. At that age, the physical and psychological abilities of the elderly are decreasing. Since 2004, the President of Indonesia through Presidential Decree No. 2 of 2004, the government has aimed to improve social welfare by improving nursing home facilities, one of which is bathroom and toilet facilities. Given the accidents that most often occur to the elderly in the bathroom and toilet. This effort really needs to be done because the elderly's movement ability has decreased a lot due to a decrease in sensory and motor capacity. In addition, the nervous system of the elderly will experience changes marked by the death of cells in the brain continuously, this results in reduced blood supply to the brain. Such conditions cause a decrease in processing capacity will result in slow body reactions and decreased sensitivity of the five senses. Given this trend, there are more and more studies related to the bathroom for the elderly. The results of research from researchers that have been published in journals related to bathrooms and toilets for the elderly, no one has yet complexly analyzed the interior design of bathrooms and toilets for the elderly that are comfortable and safe. For this reason, before redesigning, it is necessary to analyze the interior design that is safe and comfortable according to the capacity of the elderly as users.
The Relationship Between Online Learning Methods and The Stress Level of Parents of Primary School Students in Cimaung Village, Cimaung District, Bandung Regency
Authors: Nugroho Wismadi Tri , Lisdianti Lisdianti , Yusfar KM
Published: May 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that occurred in the world, especially in Indonesia, had an impact on all community activities, including in the field of education. To reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the government issued a policy to implement distance learning methods or online learning methods that apply to all levels of education including elementary schools. Online learning methods, especially for elementary schools, require the active role of parents. This of course adds to the burden of parental work which can trigger an increase in stress. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between online learning methods and the stress level of parents of elementary school students. The design of this study was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sample is 59 parents of school students who take online learning. Questionnaires were used to measure online learning methods and PSS (Perceived Stress Scale) to measure stress on parents. The statistical test used Rank Spearmen Correlation with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that most parents stated that the online learning method was effective, and most experienced moderate stress, and there was a positive and significant relationship between online learning methods and the stress level of parents of elementary school students (correlation coefficient 0.658, p value 0.001) . Thus, in the implementation of online learning, parents are expected to be better prepared to play a positive and dynamic role in their learning so that the stress that occurs can be prevented.
Delivery Mode On Myopic Women (Literature Review)
Authors: Dwi Jayanti Ratna , Syafaatin Udhma Noor , Dwilda Ferdinandus Euvanggelia , Diah Wittiarika Ivon , Azizah Nurul
Published: May 2022

Hormonal changes and hemodynamic changes in pregnancy cause an increase in blood volume and water retention which causes a thickening of the cornea of ??the eye and affects blood flow in the eye. This condition is thought to trigger temporary myopia or worsen myopia that occurred before pregnancy. This will have an impact on the choice of delivery method because pushing in the second stage of labor can increase the risk of retinal detachment. The aim of the study was to determine the method of delivery in patients with myopia, using a meta-analysis. The results showed that obstetrics and gynecology specialists, as well as ophthalmologists, recommended instrumental delivery or cesarean section for women with myopia citing concerns that vaginal delivery would increase the risk of detachment. In addition, the impact of labor on the ocular system was found to be not so significant. While the method of delivery in women with myopia, it was found that most of the vaginal deliveries were spot-on.
Factors Affecting the Event of Stunting in Children Age to 24-59 Months in Centro Saude Internamento Gleno, Municipiu Ermera, Timor-Leste
Authors: Lafo Colo Angelo , P. Manongga Stefanus
Published: May 2022

Stunting is a developmental disorder in children caused by poor nutrition, repeated infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. There are several factors that can cause stunting in children under five, such as family and socioeconomic characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The total population is 3,747 households, while the total sample is 110 which is divided proportionally from 7 villages (Sucos) which are included in the working area of the centro saude internamento Ermera. Based on the results of existing research, shows that there is an influence between children's eating patterns (? = 0.24), family income (? = 0.034), children's health care patterns (? = 0.037), and food consumption patterns in the family (? = 0.024) to the incidence of stunting. Meanwhile, family size (?=0.392), mother's education (?=0.360), and health condition (?=0.419). There is no effect on the incidence of Stunting. Interventions are needed to focus on several factors that trigger stunting problems in children under five so that they do not interfere with the growth and development process of children under five. It also requires high awareness through outreach activities to the community on the importance of child nutrition parenting and food consumption patterns in the family.
KARAKTERISTIK TEGANGAN TEMBUS AC PADA MATERIAL ISOLASI PADAT CAMPURAN EPOXY RESIN DENGAN TONGKOL JAGUNG
Authors: Arfan Saputra Arfan Saputra
Published: May 2022

Abstrak

Arfan Saputra, “Karakteristik Tegangan Tembus Ac Pada Material Isolasi Padat Campuran Epoxy Resin Dengan Tongkol Jagung” (dibimbing oleh Dr. L.M. Kamil Amali,ST,.MT  dan Ade Irawaty Tolago,ST,.MT)

Perkembangan penggunaan isolasi dalam sistem tenaga listrik memenuhi tingkat keandalan optimal dan hal ini  merupakan tantangan dalam menemukan material baru sebagai isolasi penggunaan ketenagalistrikan. Salah satu bahan isolasi yang mulai dikembangkan adalah material bahan polimer epoxy resin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik komposit epoxy resin di tambahkan filler abu tongkol jagung sebagai bahan isolasi tegangan tinggi. Adapun filler abu tonggkol jagung ini diketahui menggandung silika yang berfungsi tahan terhadap temperatur tinggi, memiliki hambatan yang baik dan dapat meningkatkan kuat mekenis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode  eksperimen langsung pembuatan isolasi epoxy resin dengan campuran filler abu tongkol jagung dengan variasi campuran filler abu tongkol jagung yakni 0,5 gr, 1 gr 1,5 gr dan 2 gr. Hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa semakin banyak campuran filler abu tongkol jagung pada epoxy resin akan menyebabkan semakin cepat terjadinya kegagalan tembus pada bahan isolator yang dibuat, dimana nilai tegangan tembus material isolasi epoxy resin murni sebesar 21,64kV sedangkan nilai tegangan tembus dari epoxy resin campuran filler abu tongkol jagung 0,5 gram sebesar 10,28 kV, campuran filler abu tongkol jagung 1 gram sebesar 8,93 kV , campuran filler abu tongkol jagung 1,5 gram sebesar 7,81 kV dan campuran filler abu tongkol jagung 2 gram sebesar 7,26 kV.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MINYAK TRANSFORMATOR MENGGUNAKAN PENGUJIAN DISSOLVED GAS ANALYSIS (DGA) PADA IBT 1 GARDU INDUK
Authors: Siswanto Agus , Rohman Abdul , Suprijadi Sugeng , Baehaqi Mudofar , Arifudin Arifudin
Published: May 2022

Electrical energy is an important factor to support people's lives. Electrical energy from the generator is channeled through a transmission line to the substation. Transformer (transformer) is a very important equipment in the electric power system. Inside there is oil which functions as an insulating medium and also as a cooling medium. This electrical and thermal load can cause dissolved gases in the transformer oil. This DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis) test aims to determine the content of dissolved gases in transformer oil and then to analyze using three fault indication methods Total Dissolved Combustible Gas (TDCG) Method, Roger Ratio, and Duval Triangle. Results The analysis uses these three methods to determine corrective actions according to the condition of the transformer oil. Corrective action to return the dissolved gases in the transformer oil back to normal. Transformer oil filtering aims to remove or reduce potentially damaging gases from the transformer oil content. On December 29, 2020 the transformer experienced an increase in the content of flammable hydrogen gas and acetylene gas, the TDCG value was 1520 ppm and after corrective action the dissolved gas content decreased to 481 ppm, so that the condition of the transformer oil returned to normal.
The return of inflation: a banker’s perspective
Authors: Amzallag Robert
Published: May 2022

The COVID 19 pandemic followed by the invasion of Ukraine is a two-punch economic strike never seen in recent history. The pandemic not only disrupted many aspects of a tightly knit integrated world but also exposed its fragility. The devastation of Ukraine and the vast program of sanctions quickly imposed by most major developed countries have accelerated the retreat of globalization. For many decades, Central Bankers and economists considered stable prices as an almost permanent feature. Today, the consumer price index in the US hit a 40-year high at more than 8 per cent and experts were unable to predict such course of inflation. In this paper, we offer a unique perspective on these events. First, we identify a few major influential factors that have altered significantly and reliably inflation since World War II. We then turn to looking at recent events in the light of these factors to try and extrapolate a likely trend for inflation in the coming years. Despite the dire economic challenges of World War II, the economy recovered quickly, the financial imbalances rectified in only a few years and inflation was tamed. Can the same thing be achieved after the pandemic? Our analysis suggests that this is highly improbable. Deep-rooted inflationary forces are at work because of the distortions that the economic order of the last 40 years has created. These distortions, exacerbated by the dual crisis, will take long to repair. We are then looking at an unsettled economic and inflationary future. The wise course of action to avoid a chaotic future requires that the US authorities withdraw from hands-on policies and instead, pave the way for the agile private sector to take the lead and adapt the economy to the changing conditions.
PENGARUH PENJUALAN KREDIT DAN PERPUTARAN PIUTANG TERHADAP LABA PADA CV. GEKA GEMILANG CIAMIS
Authors: Nursafaat Firman , Saputra Aldi Muhamad Hoerudin , Waldiana Widi
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of credit sales and receivables turnover on CV. Geka Gemilang Ciamis profit. This study uses a descriptive method with the instrument used is secondary data and to analyze the data used product moment correlation test analysis tool and multiple linear regression test with a ratio measurement scale, as well as the coefficient of determination test. The statistical technique used to test the hypothesis is the correlation test or t-test and significance test for multiple correlation or f test. The results reveal that the credit sales has a positive and significant influence on profits at CV. Geka Gemilang, which is proven by 98% coefficient of determination. Moreover, receivables turnover has a positive and significant influence on profit at CV. Geka Gemilang which is proven by 98% coefficient of determination. Furthermore, credit sales and accounts receivable turnover also has a positive and significant influence on profits at CV. Geka Gemilang which is proven by 98% coefficient of determination.
Kepler Uzay Teleskobu ve ASAS Görüş Alanındaki Sefeid Türü Değişen Yıldızların Frekans Analizi
Authors: ERTURAN Mehmet Oğuzhan , AK Hasan
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada, The All-Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) kataloğunda bulunan ve sefeid türü değişen olarak sınıflandırılan yıldızlar arasından seçilen KIC 6269092 (ASAS ID: 190254+4139.5), KIC 7899428 (ASAS ID: 193836+4341.5) nesnelerinin zonklama frekanslarının analizleri yapıldı. Zonklama frekansı analizleri yapılan bu nesnelerin önceden ASAS araştırmasında V ve I filtrelerinde fotometrik gözlemlerinin yapıldığı bilinmektedir. Ardından 2010 yılında Kepler uzay teleskobunun da bilimsel göreve başlamasıyla değişen yıldızların fiziği üzerine yapılan araştırmalar ivme kazanmıştır.

Bu çalışmada incelenen kaynaklar ASAS ve Kepler uzay teleskobunun ortak görüş alanındaki (FoV) yıldızlar arasından seçilmiştir. Bu seçimdeki temel bilimsel hedef, gökyüzündeki bir kaynağın (yıldız) yer ve uzay tabanlı gözlem verilerini kullanarak bir incelemesini sunmaktır. Frekans analizinde kullanılan fotometrik veriler Kepler uzay teleskobunun veri tabanından alındı. Frekans analizinde kullanılan yöntem ise Fourier analizi tekniğidir. Analiz sonucunda, KIC 6269092 yıldızının ana zonklama frekansının f=0.06091 gün$^{-1}$ ve KIC 7899428 yıldızının ana zonklama frekansının f=0.08761 gün$^{-1}$ yöresinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Ana zonklama frekanslarından hesaplanan dönem değerleri ise, sırasıyla, 16.4176 gün ve 11.4142 gün yöresindedir. Kepler fotometrik veri setleri kullanılarak hesaplanan zonklama dönemleri ASAS veri tabanından okunan değerlere oldukça yakındır. ASAS araştırması yıldızların zonklama dönemlerini KIC 6269092 için $P_\mathrm{ASAS}=16.510$ gün ve KIC 7899428 için $P_\mathrm{ASAS}=11.573$ gün olarak vermiştir.
Nutrisi Pasien Anak dengan Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Authors: Panggabean Martinova Sari
Published: May 2022

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) atau penyakit ginjal kronik adalah kerusakan ginjal yang berlangsung selama tiga bulan atau lebih, ditandai dengan kelainan struktur maupun fungsi ginjal, baik disertai maupun tanpa penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus (glomerular filtration rate/GFR). Anak dengan CKD berisiko mengalami gangguan nutrisi. Prevalensi malnutrisi pada anak dengan CKD dilaporkan sekitar 20%-45%. Malnutrisi pada anak dengan CKD telah terbukti meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas. Selain berdampak gangguan pertumbuhan, malnutrisi pada anak dengan CKD dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi, kelemahan, depresi, penyakit kardiovaskuler, hospitalisasi dan kematian. Oleh karena itu, pemberian nutrisi yang adekuat sangat penting pada anak dengan CKD. Intervensi pemberian nutrisi dini diperlukan untuk mendukung tumbuh kejar dan merupakan komponen kunci dalam mempertahankan pertumbuhan anak dengan CKD.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney damage lasting for at least 3 months, characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of the kidneys, either with or without a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Children with CKD are at risk for nutritional derangements. The prevalence of malnutrition among children with CKD was 20%-45%. Malnutrition in children with CKD are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Besides risk of growth development, malnutrition in children with CKD can increase the risk of infection, frailty, depression, cardiovascular disease, hospitalization and death. Adequate nutrition is pivotal in children with CKD. Early nutritional intervention is important to promote catch-up growth and is key components in the preservation of growth in children with CKD.
Aspek Klinis Dermatitis Seboroik
Authors: Dewi Nadia Puspa
Published: May 2022

Dermatitis seboroik adalah inflamasi kulit kronis berulang yang ditandai dengan patch dan plak eritematosa disertai skuama berminyak. Lesi terutama di area tubuh yang kaya kelenjar sebasea. Prevalensinya terutama pada usia bayi dan remaja atau dewasa muda. Patogenesis dermatitis seboroik multifaktorial, dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas kelenjar sebasea, kolonisasi Malassezia, komposisi lipid permukaan kulit, sistem imun, barrier kulit, dan faktor genetik. Tatalaksana bertujuan untuk mengurangi keluhan dan lesi penyakit, menggunakan agen topikal dan sistemik sesuai keparahan penyakit.

Seborrheic dermatitis is an chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythematous patches and plaques with oily scales. The lesions manifest in sebaceous gland-rich areas. Its prevalence is mostly in infants and adolescents or young adults. The pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis is multifactorial, influenced by sebaceous glands activity, Malassezia colonization, skin surface lipid composition, immune system, skin barrier, and genetic factors. Management aims to reduce symptoms and lesions, with topical and systemic agents.
Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome Associated with COVID-19
Authors: Aras Jusli , Dwi Rahayu Andi Utari , Albar Husein
Published: May 2022

An 8-year and 2 month-old girl presented with generalized oedema for 2 days with mild cough and shortness of breath. She was diagnosed as relapsing nephrotic syndrome (NS) and Community Acquired Pneumonia due to COVID-19 infection. The patient was discharged with complete remission NS and repeated negative PCR for SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swabs. It is important to consider COVID-19 infection as a likely trigger to relapsing NS in children.

Seorang anak perempuan umur 8 tahun 2 bulan masuk rumah sakit karena edema anasarca selama 2 hari disertai batuk ringan dan sulit bernapas. Diagnosis adalah sindrom nefrotik relaps, pneumonia COVID-19, dan malnutrisi. Pasien dipulangkan setelah sindrom nefrotik remisi dan hasil PCR SARS-CoV-2 negatif. Infeksi COVID-19 penting dipertimbangkan sebagai pencetus relaps sindrom nefrotik.
Granuloma Piogenik Konjungtiva: Komplikasi Pasca Bedah Eksisi Pterigium
Authors: Satwika Anak Agung Putri , Juliari I Gusti Ayu Made
Published: May 2022

Granuloma piogenik konjungtiva merupakan tumor vaskular jinak pasca episode peradangan seperti pasca bedah eksisi pterigium. Kondisi ini diduga akibat penyembuhan luka yang tidak sempurna. Kasus : Laki-laki, 44 tahun mengeluh rasa mengganjal pada mata kiri disertai merah sejak 1 minggu. Pasien memiliki riwayat eksisi pterigium 1 bulan sebelumnya. Pada segmen anterior ditemukan massa granuloma pada konjungtiva bulbi dekat limbus bagian temporal. Terapi awal kortikosteroid topikal dan bedah eksisi sebagai pilihan terapi lanjut.

Conjunctival pyogenic granuloma is a benign vascular tumor after inflammation, such as post pterygium excision. This condition is thought due to incomplete wound healing. Case: Male, 44 year-old feels a lump in his left eye accompanied by redness since 1 week. He had a history of pterygium excision 1 month before. A granulomatous mass was found on the conjunctiva bulbi near the temporal limbus. Therapy consist of topical corticosteroids as initial therapy and surgical excision as further treatment option.
A preliminary assessment of the impact of the Przewalski’s horse on myrmecocomplexes (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Cis-Ural steppe site in the Orenburg Reserve
Authors: Bulgakov Evgeny Aleksandrovich , Arbuzov Maksim Aleksandrovich , Bulgakova Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2022

The paper discusses the results of the analysis of the species dynamics of the myrmecofauna inside the acclimatization pens of the Przewalskis horse in the Orenburg State Reserve. Although the horse is a specially protected species, the impact it can have on steppe ecosystems needs to be assessed through annual monitoring. Like other ungulates, Przewalskis horses eat and trample vegetation as well as compact the soil due to the mechanical destruction of soil aggregates. It is shown that grazing of large ungulates has both direct and indirect effects on the myrmecocomplex. Based on the results of the study, the main patterns of species imbalances on the territory of sites in acclimatization paddocks subject to pasture influence were established. The results of the work have shown that there are such ant species as Cataglyphis aenescens N., Lasius alienus F., Tetramorium caespitum L., Messor muticus N., Cataglyphis aenescens N., Temnothorax sp., Tetramorium caespitum L., Proformica epinotalis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky on the territory. In open, well-heated areas, dominant positions were occupied by Cataglyphis aenescens N., while in the presence of vegetation, soil zoonecrophages Lasius alienus F. and Tetramorium caespitum L. dominated. The paper reflects the experimental results, analyzes them, and concludes about the probable reasons for the dominance of the species.
Heavy metals in the system «soil - wild medicinal plant» (on the example of Cichorium intybus L.)
Authors: Buskunova Gulsina Gilmanovna , Yagafarova Gulsina Azatovna
Published: May 2022

This paper discusses the features of the heavy metals content in medicinal plant raw materials Cichorium intybus L. in the conditions of the Trans-Ural region of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Variational and statistical indicators of the heavy metals content in soils and plants are calculated. The coefficients of variation of gross and mobile forms of heavy metals in soils are high (above 21%), the exception was the gross form of Fe, which is characterized by low variation (up to 10%). The content of gross forms of heavy metals in soils exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations of Cu (18 times), Zn (13 times), Cd (2 times), Co (1,2 times) in the sample area 2, and Mn (1,2 times) and Cu (2,5 times) in the sample area 3. The content of mobile forms of Fe and Pb in soils did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. The samples had an increased level of mobile forms in Cu (39 times), Zn (2,1-4,3 times), Ni (1,12 times), Mn (2,3-2,6 times), Co (1,3-1,5 times), Cd (2,1-5,7 times). The degree of mobility of heavy metals in soils decreases in the series Pb Co Cd Zn Mn Cu Ni Fe. According to the degree of Zc contamination, the studied soils were classified as permissible (Zc from 0,2 to 5,2), with the exception of sample area 2, which was classified as highly hazardous (Zc up to 48,2). The level of contamination of the soil cover is minimal, and the environmental situation is relatively satisfactory (Zc from 0,2 to 5,2), with the exception of test area 2, where the level of pollution is high and the environmental situation is critical (Zc up to 48,2). Plants of Cichorium intybus L. are contaminated with Ni, Cd, Fe, and concentrations of Pb and Mn in plants did not exceed the maximum permissible levels. The most absorbed elements were Fe (25,7) and Cu (65,4), which belonged to the group of elements of energetic accumulation (accumulation index 10), Ni (8,9), Pb (4,7), Zn (2,2), Cd (2,06), Co (1,1), and Mn (1,06) related to a group of elements of strong accumulation (accumulation index from 1 to 10). In plants of Cichorium intybus L. Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Cd, Co are distributed by acropetal type (acropetal coefficient 1,0), and Zn and Pb are distributed by basipetal type (acropetal coefficient 1,0). The value of biogeochemical activity in the plant Cichorium intybus L. varies from 47,4 to 728,3.
The content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of «healthy» and «weakened» balsam poplar trees (Populus balsamifera L.) growing under conditions of industrial pollution (Republic of Bashkortostan, Sterlitamak industrial center)
Authors: Giniyatullin Rafak Khizbullinovich , Ivanov Ruslan Sergeevich , Tagirova Olesya Vasilyevna , Kulagin Aleksey Yuryevich
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of studies on the assessment of the relative vitality of balsam poplar ( Populus balsamifera L.) plantations under the conditions of polymetallic pollution of the Sterlitamak Industrial Center (SIC). Poplar plantations of the sanitary protection zone of the SPC are classified as weakened. External signs of oppression are manifested in a decrease in crown density, an increase in the number of dead branches, damage to the assimilation apparatus by chlorosis and necrosis. Trees belonging to the healthy category grow in the plantations. It was shown that the average content of chlorophylls ( a + b ) in the leaves of healthy poplar trees varied from 25,0 to 28,0 g/cm of fresh weight, while in weakened trees it was relatively low and amounted to 17,2-22,6 g/cm wet weight. The decrease in the total content of chlorophylls and the deterioration in the relative vitality of trees are interrelated. It has been established that during the period of active leaf growth (in June and early July), a high content of chlorophylls and nitrogen balance index (NBI) is noted in the leaves of both healthy and weakened balsam poplar trees. The relationship of the indicators under consideration is confirmed by the regression equations of the polynomial function ( y = -2,15x + 8,05x + 23,2 ; y = -2,35x + 8,75x + 19,9 for the leaves of healthy trees; y = -3,1x + 11,1x +13,4 ; y = -3,9x + 14,1x + 10 for the leaves of weakened trees), as well as determination coefficients (R = 1 for the leaves of healthy trees; R = 1 for the leaves of weakened trees). The maximum differences in the ratio of chlorophyll content ( a + b ) and nitrogen balance in the leaves of healthy and weakened poplar trees were noted at the end of August. During the growing season, in the leaves of weakened trees, compared with the leaves of healthy poplar trees, a decrease in the values NBI and the content of chlorophylls is observed. At the same time, there are no significant changes in the content of chlorophylls on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaves of healthy and weakened balsam poplar trees during the growing season.
The nesting ecology of the Corvus orientalis in Tuva and Buryatia
Authors: Dorzhiev Tsydypzhap Zayatuevich , Saaya Ariyana Tomur-oolovna , Badmaeva Evgeniya Nikolaevna , Gulgenov Aleksey Zoriktuevich , Naletova Larisa Aleksandrovna , Sergeev Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

The ecological features of the eastern black crow Corvus orientalis breeding in the conditions of Tuva and Buryatia are revealed. The species is distinguished by high ecological plasticity, which allows it to inhabit in various natural and anthropogenic landscapes, including settlements of different types. Various types of trees are used for the construction of nests, but conifers are preferred and poplar. They rarely nest on power transmission lines. They nest in single pairs or form small settlements. The black crow is one of the early nesting birds in the region. Nesting begins at the end of March. The main proportion of birds lays eggs before the onset of the phenological summer, starting on April 8-15. Clutches are protected from low temperatures by a warmed nest and incubation from the first egg. The total duration of the nesting period in the region is 100-106 days, as for one pair of birds it is 56-60 days (laying eggs - 5-7 days, incubation - 19-20 days, staying of chicks in the nest - 27-29 days). The nesting period ends by July 20-25. Feeding of chicks coincides in time with the massive appearance of arthropods and, in particular, of Orthoptera, the main objects of their food. The nesting efficiency of the black crow is very high - 93,1%. All these data confirm a wide adaptive potential of the eastern black crow.
Taxonomical features of the flora of the Irgiz physical-geographical region (Southern part of the Samara Trans-Volga region)
Authors: Ivanova Anastasia Viktorovna , Kostina Natalya Viktorovna , Aristova Margarita Alekseevna , Keller Sergey Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2022

The authors analyze flora taxonomic composition of the Irgiz physiographic region. It is located in the southern part of the Samara Trans-Volga region and belongs to the steppe natural zone. The climate here is drier than in other parts of the region. The main type of vegetation is steppes; forests occupy insignificant areas and are confined to floodplains. The area is characterized by a strong plowing of the territory. The authors register floras taxonomic features of the steppe regions in the Samara Trans-Volga region, and analyze the composition of family and generic spectra in comparison with the floras of the forest-steppe zone of the Samara and Ulyanovsk regions. The following results have been obtained: 1) the floras of the steppe regions correspond to the Fabaceae type with the predominance of the Astragalus genus in the Fabaceae family; the leading genera include Carex , Potentilla , Salix , Galium ; 2) a feature of the steppe zone is a high position in the spectrum of the genera Artemisia , Atriplex , Allium , in the family spectrum a high position is occupied by Chenopodiaceae, the Samara region, considered by us within the framework of the Irgiz physical and geographical region, is not completely uniform in natural conditions. Differences in natural conditions affect the species composition of vascular plants. Three local floras, geographically distant from each other within the region, are considered. The areas of the described floras differ from each other in relief. It is reflected in the occurrence of representatives of individual taxonomic groups. This determines the difference in the taxonomic parameters of the described local floras.
The assessment of Ishim ecological state dynamics by the method of fluctuating asymmetry
Authors: Katashinskaya Lyudmila Ivanovna , Katashinsky Artem Igorevich
Published: May 2022

The paper presents data of the assessment of Ishim ecological state dynamics by the method of fluctuating asymmetry. The ecological state of the urban environment should ensure favorable living conditions for the population and a high quality of life. We assessed the degree of fluctuating asymmetry using the example of drooping birch ( Betula pendula ) leaves at 4 points of the city remote from each other (10 trees per 1 point, 100 leaves were selected from each tree). On the basis of morphometric measurements, an integral indicator was calculated, with the help of which the magnitude of asymmetry was estimated. The average values of fluctuating asymmetry of drooping birch leaves in all studied points of the city did not exceed the conditional norm. The ecological state of the city of Ishim can be assessed as favorable. In the dynamics of 11 years there was a deterioration of the ecological state of most districts in Ishim. In three observation areas, an increase in the index of fluctuating leaf asymmetry from 1,5 to 4 times was registered compared to 2010. The lowest indicators of leaf asymmetry were observed in the area of the park Berezovaya Roschya and in the area of the Prigorodny forest (Vankovka). The highest indicators of leaf asymmetry were observed in the area of the railway station. On the contrary, there was a significant improvement of the ecological state within the streets of Lunacharsky and Tolstoy in the city.
Dynamics of Orchis mascula (L.) L. number in the reserves of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Kildiyarova Gulfira Nurislamovna , Barlybaeva Milyausha Shariphullovna , Suyundukov Ilgiz Varisovich , Ishmuratova Maya Munirovna
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of monitoring studies of Orchis mascula (L.) L. in the South Ural State Nature Reserve and in the State Reserve Shulgan-Tash. In the South Ural State Nature Reserve O. mascula coenopopulations are found in forest clearings located on the peaks and in the upper parts of the slopes. In the state reserve Shulgan-Tash the only population of O. mascula grows in a forbs meadow under conditions of moderate moisture. In these two reserves the number of individuals in coenopopulations is not high. The ontogenetic spectra of coenopopulations are full-membered, they are left-sided in the conditions of the South Ural State Nature Reserve and they are right-sided in the State Reserve Shulgan-Tash. Unidirectional changes in the number of individuals in different coenopopulations were revealed: from 2016 to 2019 there was a decrease in the number and by 2020 there was an increase. The decrease in the number of individuals is largely associated with their departure to secondary dormancy with the onset of adverse weather conditions rather than dying off. In general, the state of O. mascula coenopopulations under conservation conditions is satisfactory. Currently to maintain the number in the places where the species grows haymaking is carried out every 4 years.
Phytotoxicity of composts based on Surgut sewage sludge in closed ground conditions
Authors: Mantrova Maria Viktorovna , Nakonechny Nikolay Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

The paper is devoted to the study of the toxicity of composts based on sewage sludge in relation to radish seeds and seedlings, as well as earthworms. The most phytotoxic are the substrates of variant b - with the microbiological preparation Tamir and worms, the substrates of variant b - with Tamir (without worms) were less toxic, a weak toxic and even stimulating effect on the growth of radish roots was detected in the substrates of variant a - control, without worms and Tamir. Due to the high phytotoxicity, compost № 1, № 3, № 5 and № 6 are not recommended for use in crop production, and substrates № 2(a) and № 4(a) in connection with the identified stimulating effect can be recommended. Phytotoxicity of substrates may be related to their composition: food waste is present in the composition of toxic composts, and this component is not present in non-toxic composts. The decrease and increase in the biomass of worms in composts does not correlate with the revealed phytotoxicity and the composition of their mycobiota. Due to the low species diversity and abundance of cosmopolitan, toxin-forming and conditionally pathogenic fungal species in the structure of mycocoenoses of bioconversion substrates, it can be assumed that their maturation time is insufficient. With an increase in the incubation time of composts of a similar composition for more than 30 days, we predict a change in the structure of their mycocoenoses towards an increase in the species diversity of non-toxic saprotrophs, as well as cellulolytics of the genera Trichoderma and Chaetomium . The prospect of further research in this direction is the compilation of a collection of micromycetes of composts.
Vegetation of regional landscape and botanical natural monument «Aland’s Pine Forest» (Kvarkensky area of the Orenburg Region)
Authors: Nazarenko Nazar Nikolayevich , Pokhlebayev Sergey Mikhailovich , Ismukhambetov Arthur Amerovich
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a detailed analysis of regional landscape and botanical natural monument Alands Pine Forest (Kvarkensky area of the Orenburg Region) vegetation. The pine forest vegetation has rather high phytodiversity and dominance indexes. 71 plant vascular species have been identified (3 of them are included in the Red Book of the Orenburg Region (2019)) and 15-species pine communities prevail, but steppe species dominate in shrub and herb layers. The authors have revealed that the described pine forests are forest-steppe amphycoenosis. 13 plant associations have been identified by multivariate statistics methods, but their biotopes are not specific by fundamental abiotic factors. The authors have also established that forest conditions of Alands Pine Forest are of AB₁ and AB₁₋₂ types and light type of stand of trees structure by A.L. Betgard steppe forest typology. The detected pine vegetation associations form ordination series - sylvatic of steppe pine forest with wheat-grass ( Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski) and amphycoenotic of steppe pine forest with steppe herbs. The principal abiotic factors for pine forests coenotic structure forming are soil calcium and nitrogen regimes, soil moistening and acidity and porosity (aeration) of soils. Factors of biotope discrimination are thermal climate (radiation balance), cryoclimate (negative winter temperature), brightness regime and saline regime of soils.
The preliminary results of quality assessment of walnut fruits formed in the botanical garden of Samara University using a microfocus X-ray method
Authors: Pomogaybin Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Rodionova Polina Vladimirovna , Kavelenova Lyudmila Mikhailovna
Published: May 2022

The growing interest in nuts as an undoubted essential component of a healthy diet, widespread in recent years, determines the expansion of nuts world cultivation areas, as well as the volume of seed production received. The reasons ensured the growing popularity of walnut as the oldest culture are not only the pleasant taste of the seeds (kernel), widely used in food directly and as a component of various products, but also their unique chemical composition, including richness in proteins, vitamins and oil, in which essential polyunsaturated fatty acids are widely presented. The walnut is introduced into territories outside its natural area even now due to efforts of specialists working in the fields of plant introduction and selection as well as amateur enthusiasts who try to grow this valuable crop in their gardens. The introduction of species of Juglans L. genus into the Botanical Garden of Samara University began in the 1930s. As we know one of the goals of making a dendrological collection on the territory of the Samara Region was the introduction of new plant species, including walnut, which has valuable wood and fruits with high nutritional and taste properties, into forest plantations and gardens. The collection of walnut trees was created from seed samples received from various geographical locations (Saratov, Volgograd, Stavropol, Crimea, Ukraine, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, etc.). The large-scale study of walnuts in the Samara (from 1936 to 1992 - Kuibyshev) Region faced climatic difficulties, but was always revived. Currently, the walnut collection contains about 900 specimens of genotypes of various origins, which are natural hybrids on their own roots. As a result of the introduction study of walnuts, extensive material has been collected; it is related to their stress resistance, structural and functional features. The paper presents the results of a preliminary X-ray screening of walnut fruits of the 2021 harvest from the dendrological collection of the Botanical Garden of Samara University, performed for trees of different ages and genealogy related to ordinary and accelerated forms of fruiting. The prospects of this research method for assessing the quality of nuts are shown. The dense shell of the seed and the features of its internal structure are not an obstacle to revealing the degree of development of the nucleus. The results obtained open up the possibility of a non-damaging express assessment of the quality of nuts as a specific seed material for the purpose of selection and a detailed study of their structural features.
The analysis of the biochemical diversity of the English oak vegetative sphere in the forest-steppe zone
Authors: Sautkina Marina Yurievna
Published: May 2022

The paper studies the biochemical diversity of the English oak trees growing in the protective forest strips of the forest-steppe zone in the Central Chernozem region. The features of accumulation of various groups of substances of secondary metabolism of phenolic nature in the leaves of model oak trees in seasonal dynamics are described. The role of secondary metabolites in the formation of adaptive mechanisms of resistance of individuals to adverse environmental factors is considered. It is proved that the content of substances of secondary metabolism of phenolic nature and their combination can serve as a criterion for the potential biochemical stability of trees when growing in unfavorable environmental conditions. The content of secondary metabolism substances was determined on oak leaf samples in early June and August. It was revealed that the quantitatively leading group of substances of secondary metabolism are flavonols. It was found that at the beginning of the growing season, the most significant fluctuations in the levels of accumulation of secondary metabolism substances occur in young oak leaf blades, and by the end of the growing season their content stabilizes. High rates of variation coefficients have been identified, which make it possible to ensure biochemical diversity in the population and a sufficient range of adaptability of traits. It is shown that the samples of control and experimental trees for flavonols are the most homogeneous.