bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New species and additional records in the lichen genus Malmidea from India
Authors: Adhikari Rakesh , Ngangom Roshinikumar , Ingle Komal K. , Joseph Siljo , Nayaka Sanjeeva
Published: May 2024

A detailed examination of Malmidea specimens deposited in the herbarium LWG and freshly collected samples resulted in the description of 10 new species. Malmidea glabromarginata has a finely verrucose thallus and granifera-type whitish apothecial margins. Malmidea globosa is characterized by having a strongly verrucose thallus with almost spherical warts and piperis-type apothecial margins. Malmidea incrassatispora has a thalline excipulum and ascospores with end wall thickenings. Malmidea kalbii has a thalline excipulum, dark brown to black apothecial discs and ascospores mostly < 15 μm in length. In Malmidea lutea the medulla of the thallus and verrucae is white to cream-coloured, with beige-coloured apothecial discs. Malmidea palghatensis has a thalline excipulum and with medulla of verrucae pink-coloured. Malmidea rubra has an irregularly verrucose thallus, with the medulla of verrucae orange-red and whitish apothecial margins. Malmidea subindica has light to dark orange-brown apothecial discs, 2–4-spored asci, and broadly ellipsoid ascospores mostly exceeding 30 μm in length. Malmidea upretii has prominent and confluent verrucae with an orange-red medulla, and ascospores exceeding 25 μm in length. Malmidea verrucosa has a characteristic whitish grey, densely verrucose thallus, dark reddish brown apothecial discs and contains atranorin. Additionally, seven species, viz. Malmidea fenicis (Vain.) Kalb et al., M. leptoloma (Müll. Arg.) Kalb & Lücking, M. piae (Kalb) Kalb, M. piperina (Zahlbr.) Aptroot & Breuss, M. reunionis Kalb, M. sulphureosorediata Cáceres et al. and M. vinosa (Eschw.) Kalb et al., are reported as new distributional records for the Indian lichen biota. The world key of Malmidea by Breuss & Lücking (2015) has been updated with all the species discovered after 2015 by mentioning specific couplets.
Three new species of thelotremoid lichens (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) with 15 new records of lichenized fungi from Thailand and a worldwide key to species of the genus Ampliotrema
Authors: Poengsungnoen Vasun , Nirongbut Phimpha , Buaruang Kawinnat , Boonpragob Kansri , Lumbsch H. Thorsten , Polyiam Wetchasart
Published: May 2024

Three new species of thelotremoid lichens, Ampliotrema subglobosum Poengs. & Lumbsch, Ocellularia lichexanthonica Poengs. & Lumbsch and O. saxiprotocetrarica Poengs. & Lumbsch, are described and illustrated based on specimens from southern Thailand. Ampliotrema subglobosum is similar to A. globosum but differs by having larger ascospores with more septa. Ocellularia lichexanthonica differs from O. subdolichotata in ascomata diameter and by containing lichexanthone. Ocellularia saxiprotocetrarica is similar to O. gentingensis in ascospore length and the number of ascospore septa but has narrower ascospores and contains protocetraric acid. Fifteen species are reported for the first time for Thailand: Austrotrema bicinctulum (Nyl.) I. Medeiros et al., Baeomyces heteromorphus Nyl. ex C. Bab. & Mitt., Chapsa niveocarpa Mangold, Chiodecton sphaerale Ach., Erythrodecton malacum (Kremp.) G. Thor, Lecanora subjaponica L. Lü & H. Y. Wang, Leucodecton subcompunctum (Nyl.) Frisch, Myriotrema concretum (Fée) Hale, M. neoterebrans Frisch, Ocellularia khasiana (Patw. & Nagarkar) Kraichak et al., O. upretii S. Joshi et al., Pseudotopeliopsis scabiomarginata (Hale) Parnmen et al., Sulzbacheromyces sinensis (R. H. Petersen & M. Zang) Dong Liu & Li S. Wang, Thelotrema diplotrema Nyl., and T. isidiophorum (Kremp.) Zahlbr. Ampliotrema globosum (Hale) Poengs. & Lumbsch is proposed as a new combination. The genus Erythrodecton G. Thor is a new genus for the lichen flora of Thailand.
Psyche hat doch jeder
Authors: Schwarcz Michelle , Schwendemann Hanna , Morgenstern Ulrike
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung: In der alltäglichen Arbeit mit Schüler_innen fällt auf, dass die Psyche jeder/jedes Einzelnen beansprucht ist. Sie klagen über Selbstzweifel, sehen nur ihre Schwächen und fühlen sich fehl am Platz. Dies ist das Resultat mangelnder Anerkennung im beruflichen und privaten Umfeld, alltäglicher Problematiken wie den Pandemiebedingungen und fehlender Copingstrategien.
Fluch und Segen
Authors: Walther Sara , Schwendemann Hanna
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung: Unterrichtsstörungen sind auch in der Erwachsenenbildung allgegenwärtig (Scholz & Grotefend, 2019). Sie belasten Lehrende (Keller, 2014). Die effiziente Klassenführung soll Störungen im Unterricht reduzieren. In diesem Artikel werden Studienergebnisse zu Ursachen, proaktiven Maßnahmen und Schulungsbedarfen aus Sicht der Lehrkräfte thematisiert.
Schulinterne Curriculumentwicklung in der generalistischen Pflegeausbildung
Authors: Schneider Kordula , Hamar Christoph
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung: Curriculumarbeit ist keine Sache von Minuten (und auch nicht von Tagen). Sie ist komplex, vernetzt, anspruchsvoll und vielfältig. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Beitrages liegt in den curricularen und pflegespezifischen Anforderungen, die in einer schulinternen Curriculumentwicklung umgesetzt werden. Anhand eines Ausschnittes aus dem KuGeL-Projekt (Schwarzer, 2024) wird aufgezeigt, wie diesen Anforderungen begegnet werden kann.
Vaccination induces broadly neutralizing antibody precursors to HIV gp41
Authors: Schiffner Torben , Phung Ivy , Ray Rashmi , Irimia Adriana , Tian Ming , Swanson Olivia , Lee Jeong Hyun , Lee Chang-Chun D. , Marina-Zárate Ester , Cho So Yeon , Huang Jiachen , Ozorowski Gabriel , Skog Patrick D. , Serra Andreia M. , Rantalainen Kimmo , Allen Joel D. , Baboo Sabyasachi , Rodriguez Oscar L. , Himansu Sunny , Zhou Jianfu , Hurtado Jonathan , Flynn Claudia T. , McKenney Katherine , Havenar-Daughton Colin , Saha Swati , Shields Kaitlyn , Schultze Steven , Smith Melissa L. , Liang Chi-Hui , Toy Laura , Pecetta Simone , Lin Ying-Cing , Willis Jordan R. , Sesterhenn Fabian , Kulp Daniel W. , Hu Xiaozhen , Cottrell Christopher A. , Zhou Xiaoya , Ruiz Jennifer , Wang Xuesong , Nair Usha , Kirsch Kathrin H. , Cheng Hwei-Ling , Davis Jillian , Kalyuzhniy Oleksandr , Liguori Alessia , Diedrich Jolene K. , Ngo Julia T. , Lewis Vanessa , Phelps Nicole , Tingle Ryan D. , Spencer Skye , Georgeson Erik , Adachi Yumiko , Kubitz Michael , Eskandarzadeh Saman , Elsliger Marc A. , Amara Rama R. , Landais Elise , Briney Bryan , Burton Dennis R. , Carnathan Diane G. , Silvestri Guido , Watson Corey T. , Yates John R. , Paulson James C. , Crispin Max , Grigoryan Gevorg , Ward Andrew B. , Sok Devin , Alt Frederick W. , Wilson Ian A. , Batista Facundo D. , Crotty Shane , Schief William R.
Published: May 2024

A key barrier to the development of vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other viruses of high antigenic diversity is the design of priming immunogens that induce rare bnAb-precursor B cells. The high neutralization breadth of the HIV bnAb 10E8 makes elicitation of 10E8-class bnAbs desirable; however, the recessed epitope within gp41 makes envelope trimers poor priming immunogens and requires that 10E8-class bnAbs possess a long heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (HCDR3) with a specific binding motif. We developed germline-targeting epitope scaffolds with affinity for 10E8-class precursors and engineered nanoparticles for multivalent display. Scaffolds exhibited epitope structural mimicry and bound bnAb-precursor human naive B cells in ex vivo screens, protein nanoparticles induced bnAb-precursor responses in stringent mouse models and rhesus macaques, and mRNA-encoded nanoparticles triggered similar responses in mice. Thus, germline-targeting epitope scaffold nanoparticles can elicit rare bnAb-precursor B cells with predefined binding specificities and HCDR3 features.
Multimodal assessment improves neuroprognosis performance in clinically unresponsive critical-care patients with brain injury
Authors: Rohaut B. , Calligaris C. , Hermann B. , Perez P. , Faugeras F. , Raimondo F. , King J-.R. , Engemann D. , Marois C. , Le Guennec L. , Di Meglio L. , Sangaré A. , Munoz Musat E. , Valente M. , Ben Salah A. , Demertzi A. , Belloli L. , Manasova D. , Jodaitis L. , Habert M. O. , Lambrecq V. , Pyatigorskaya N. , Galanaud D. , Puybasset L. , Weiss N. , Demeret S. , Lejeune F. X. , Sitt J. D. , Naccache L.
Published: May 2024

Accurately predicting functional outcomes for unresponsive patients with acute brain injury is a medical, scientific and ethical challenge. This prospective study assesses how a multimodal approach combining various numbers of behavioral, neuroimaging and electrophysiological markers affects the performance of outcome predictions. We analyzed data from 349 patients admitted to a tertiary neurointensive care unit between 2009 and 2021, categorizing prognoses as good, uncertain or poor, and compared these predictions with observed outcomes using the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOS-E, levels ranging from 1 to 8, with higher levels indicating better outcomes). After excluding cases with life-sustaining therapy withdrawal to mitigate the self-fulfilling prophecy bias, our findings reveal that a good prognosis, compared with a poor or uncertain one, is associated with better one-year functional outcomes (common odds ratio (95% CI) for higher GOS-E: OR = 14.57 (5.70–40.32), P < 0.001; and 2.9 (1.56–5.45), P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, increasing the number of assessment modalities decreased uncertainty (OR = 0.35 (0.21–0.59), P < 0.001) and improved prognostic accuracy (OR = 2.72 (1.18–6.47), P = 0.011). Our results underscore the value of multimodal assessment in refining neuroprognostic precision, thereby offering a robust foundation for clinical decision-making processes for acutely brain-injured patients. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04534777.
The gut microbiota in persistent post-operative pain following breast cancer surgery
Authors: Masaud Khaled , Collins James M. , Rubio Raul Cabrera , Corrigan Mark , Cotter Paul D. , O’Brien Niall , Bluett Ronan , Jimenez Clare Keaveney , O’Mahony Siobhain M. , Shorten George D.
Published: May 2024

Persistent post-surgical pain (PPSP) is defined as pain which continues after a surgical operation in a significant form for at least three months (and is not related to pre-existing painful conditions). PPSP is a common, under-recognised, and important clinical problem which affects millions of patients worldwide. Preventative measures which are currently available include the selection of a minimally invasive surgical technique and an aggressive multimodal perioperative analgesic regimen. More recently, a role for the gut microbiota in pain modulation has become increasingly apparent. This study aims to investigate any relationship between the gut microbiota and PPSP. A prospective observational study of 68 female adult patients undergoing surgery for management of breast cancer was carried out. Stool samples from 45 of these patients were obtained to analyse the composition of the gut microbiota. Measures of pain and state-trait anxiety were also taken to investigate further dimensions in any relationship between the gut microbiota and PPSP. At 12 weeks postoperatively, 21 patients (51.2%) did not have any pain and 20 patients (48.8%) reported feeling pain that persisted at that time. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed significantly lower alpha diversity (using three measures) in those patients reporting severe pain at the 60 min post-operative and the 12 weeks post-operative timepoints. A cluster of taxa represented by Bifidobacterium longum, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was closely associated with those individuals reporting no pain at 12 weeks postoperatively, while Megamonas hypermegale, Bacteroides pectinophilus, Ruminococcus bromii, and Roseburia hominis clustered relatively closely in the group of patients fulfilling the criteria for persistent post-operative pain. We report for the first time specific associations between the gut microbiota composition and the presence or absence of PPSP. This may provide further insights into mechanisms behind the role of the gut microbiota in the development of PPSP and could inform future treatment strategies.
Application in environmental art design practice based on a fuzzy evaluation system
Authors: Sang Yongliang
Published: May 2024

Environmental art design (EAD) has recently encouraged creative thinking by investigating novel materials, technologies, and techniques for designing environmental art that advances sustainability. EAD faces challenges in integrating novel materials and technologies while promoting sustainability. Environmental art design is targeted at human living areas; here, adequate and excessive utilization of resources is minimized, and the social and natural environments are utilized aesthetically. Aesthetic excellence in environmental art design, along with growing technological accomplishments and cultural heritage, is concentrated on meeting the demands of human aesthetic pursuits in the new era, which lacks earlier techniques. Hence, an algorithm named environmental art design using fuzzy (EADF) to evaluate the environmental criteria for better decision-making is introduced. Initially, a fuzzy-based technique for order preference similar to the ideal solution (FTOPSIS), which considers multiple variables such as visual appeal, environmental impact, sustainability, and audience involvement in the community, was employed in the design process. Environmental art designers utilize fuzzy TOPSIS to assess works of art using several criteria. It seeks to make accurate decisions and accomplish desirable creative effects by considering ambiguity and subjectivity. The approach utilizes fuzzy variable entropy analysis to determine questionable attribute weightings and employs triangular fuzzy numbers to represent criteria and analyze preference values. Artworks are evaluated for deviation from ideal results using the Euclidean distance measure, enabling logical ranking evaluation and comparison. The EADF model outperforms the other models when considering different input factors. EADF excels in color (83.74), composition (82.37), emotion (85.61), contrast (97.52), clarity (98.16), harmony (95.49), and sensitivity (96.44) when evaluated in environmental art design, showcasing its usefulness. This work has implications for directing artists, designers, and decision-makers toward environmentally sustainable and artistically impactful art practices. Hence, the performance of this EADF model is validated using audience involvement, environmental impact, sustainability, and a visual appeal score.
Influence of linearly polarized light on the transverse relaxation of ground-state 133Cs atoms
Authors: Ding Zhichao , Yuan Jie
Published: May 2024

In order to obtain an understanding of the relationship between the optical absorption and the transverse relaxation, the influences of linearly polarized light respectively at 133Cs D1 and D2 lines on the transverse relaxation of ground-state 133Cs atoms are studied. Under different vapor temperatures, light intensities and light frequencies, transverse spin relaxation times are separately measured for 133Cs atoms in different hyperfine levels. For theoretically analyzing the measuring results, especially for an unusual trend that the transverse spin relaxation time rises with the increase of light intensity, photon absorption cross-sections of linearly polarized light by 133Cs atoms are simulated. The experimental results show that through influencing the optical absorption and spin-exchange collisions, the linearly polarized light plays a remarkable role in the transverse spin relaxation. The results obtained by this paper can provide a guide to find the optimal intensity and frequency of linearly polarized light in practical applications for decreasing the influences of linearly polarized light on the transverse relaxation.
Critical-edge based tabu search algorithm for solving large-scale multi-vehicle Chinese postman problem
Authors: Tang Jizhou , He Lili , Cao Yinghui , Bai Hongtao
Published: May 2024

The min–max multi-vehicle Chinese postman problem is an NP-hard problem, which is widely used in path planning problems based on road network graphs, such as urban road structure probing planning, urban road underground cavity detection planning, high-voltage line inspection planning, and so on. With the rapid increase in the number of nodes and connections of road network graph, the solution time and path equilibrium constraints pose new challenges to the problem solving. In this paper, we propose a critical-edge tabu search algorithm, CTA-kroutes, for solving the min–max multi-vehicle postman problem for large-scale road networks. First, the initial solution with balanced path lengths is obtained by segmenting the Eulerian paths; second, the critical edges are moved in the initial solution to construct the neighborhood solution, and the tabu search algorithm is used to find the optimal solution iteratively; and lastly, the solution optimization algorithm is used at the end of each iteration to de-duplicate and optimally reconstruct the current search result. Experiments show that the CTA-kroutes algorithm can effectively improve the equalization of multi-vehicle paths and its applicability to large-scale road networks.
Low to moderate dose 137Cs (γ) radiation promotes M2 type macrophage skewing and reduces atherosclerotic plaque CD68+ cell content in ApoE(−/−) mice
Authors: Rey N. , Ebrahimian T. , Gloaguen C. , Kereselidze D. , Christelle E. , Brizais C. , Bachelot F. , Riazi G. , Monceau V. , Demarquay C. , Zineddine I. Garali , Klokov D. , Lehoux S. , Ebrahimian Teni G.
Published: May 2024

The effects of low doses of ionizing radiation on atherosclerosis remain uncertain, particularly as regards the generation of pro- or anti-inflammatory responses, and the time scale at which such effects can occur following irradiation. To explore these phenomena, we exposed atheroprone ApoE(−/−) mice to a single dose of 0, 0.05, 0.5 or 1 Gy of 137Cs (γ) administered at a 10.35 mGy min−1 dose rate and evaluated short-term (1–10 days) and long-term consequences (100 days). Bone marrow-derived macrophages were derived from mice 1 day after exposure. Irradiation was associated with a significant skewing of M0 and M2 polarized macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, as demonstrated by an increased mRNA expression of Retnla, Arg1, and Chil3 in cells from mice exposed to 0.5 or 1 Gy compared with non-irradiated animals. Minimal effects were noted in M1 cells or M1 marker mRNA. Concurrently, we observed a reduced secretion of IL-1β but enhanced IL-10 release from M0 and M2 macrophages. Effects of irradiation on circulating monocytes were most marked at day 10 post-exposure, when the 1 Gy dose was associated with enhanced numbers of both Ly6CHigh and Ly6Low cells. By day 100, levels of circulating monocytes in irradiated and non-irradiated mice were equivalent, but anti-inflammatory Ly6CLow monocytes were significantly increased in the spleen of mice exposed to 0.05 or 1 Gy. Long term exposures did not affect atherosclerotic plaque size or lipid content, as determined by Oil red O staining, whatever the dose applied. Similarly, irradiation did not affect atherosclerotic plaque collagen or smooth muscle cell content. However, we found that lesion CD68+ cell content tended to decrease with rising doses of radioactivity exposure, culminating in a significant reduction of plaque macrophage content at 1 Gy. Taken together, our results show that short- and long-term exposures to low to moderate doses of ionizing radiation drive an anti-inflammatory response, skewing bone marrow-derived macrophages towards an IL-10-secreting M2 phenotype and decreasing plaque macrophage content. These results suggest a low-grade athero-protective effect of low and moderate doses of ionizing radiation.
Comparative study on the establishment efficacy of four types of animal models of rectovaginal fistula in rabbits
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Zhao Xuhe , Mao Jianqi , Shi Aihua , Lyu Xin , Lyu Yi , Yan Xiaopeng
Published: May 2024

Various surgical methods have so far been developed for treating rectovaginal fistula (RVF), each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The lack of standardized animal models of RVF is a major reason for the failure to establish a unified and effective surgical method for the treatment of RVF. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of an RVF animal model by magnetic compression and compare it with the traditional modeling method. Thirty-two female Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: A, B, C, and D, based on how the rectovaginal septum was treated. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and model success rate of each group were determined. The experimental animals were euthanized 2 weeks after the operation. Their rectovaginal septum specimens were obtained. RVF was observed by the naked eye. The fistula size was measured. Histological changes of fistula were observed by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. All rabbits completed the RVF model and survived 2 weeks after the operation. Groups A and B had no bleeding, while groups C and D had < 0.5 mL of bleeding. The magnet detached in 4–6 days in group A, while it remained in place for 2 weeks after surgery in group B. Only one group D rabbit had a plastic hose for 2 weeks after surgery. The RVFs of groups A and C healed by themselves. In group B, the fistula was well formed. In group D, fistula healing was observed in three animals and the diameter of the fistulas was only 2.82–4.64 mm in the other four animals. Groups B and D had a scar on the inner surface of fistulas. Our study shows that the magnetic compression technique based on the T-shaped magnet is a highly useful method to establishing a continuous and stable RVF model in rabbits.
Risk of second primary thyroid cancer in cancer survivors
Authors: Yuan Yewei , Sun Peng , Xiao Hualin , Li Lingfan , Li Junyan , Ai Xiang
Published: May 2024

A risk factor for thyroid cancer (TC) may be a history of former cancer and cancer therapy. The precise risk of a second primary thyroid carcinoma has not yet been revealed. In this study, we evaluated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of second primary thyroid cancer (SPTC) with consideration of different conditions and further analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of these patients. The cohort was selected from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program between 1975 and 2019. The standardized incidence ratios, morbidity risk, clinicopathological features, and survival of second primary thyroid carcinoma were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance covariates. Kaplan–Meier method was performed to assess the survival outcomes. Overall, 7066 patients with SPTC and 83,113 patients with primary TC were identified. The SIR of TC in tumor patients was 1.51/10,000, statistically higher than the natural population (0.94/10,000, P < 0.05). The most significant tumors contributing to the increased SIRs of SPTC were acute lymphocytic leukemia (3.49/10,000), Hodgkin’s lymphoma-nodal (3.29/10,000), salivary gland cancer (3.23/10,000), and kidney and renal pelvis cancer (3.05/10,000). The incidence of TC increased significantly in tumor patients who received radiotherapy/chemotherapy before age 35. The age at diagnosis of the SPTC was much older than the primary TC (64.01 vs. 49.55 years, p < 0.001). The SPTC had a higher percentage of histological grades 3/4 (23.14% vs. 15.19%, p < 0.001). Survival analyses demonstrated a worse prognosis for the SPTC group compared to the primary TC group. But after PSM, the survival outcomes of the two groups tended to be equivalent (P = 0.584). The SIRs of TC are higher in tumor patients. The most significant factors contributing to the increased risk of SPTC were some specific former tumors and acceptance of radiotherapy/ chemotherapy before age 35. There was no significant difference in survival between SPTC and primary TC.
Identification and expression analysis of the GLK gene family in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) and a functional study of CsGLK54 under low-temperature stress
Authors: Wang Hongtao , Xu Fangfang
Published: May 2024

The Golden2-like (GLK) transcription factor family is a significant group of transcription factors in plantae. The currently available studies have shown that GLK transcription factors have been studied mainly in chloroplast growth and development, with fewer studies in abiotic stress regulation. In this study, all tea plant GLK transcription factors were identified for the first time in tea plants, and genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, and thematic characterization were performed to identify 66 GLK transcription factors in tea plants. These genes are categorized into seven groups, and an amino acid sequence comparison analysis is performed. This study revealed that the structure of GLK genes in tea plants is highly conserved and that these genes are distributed across 14 chromosomes. Collinearity analysis revealed 17 pairs of genes with fragment duplications and one pair of genes with tandem duplications, and the analysis of Ka/Ks ratios indicated that most of the genes underwent negative purifying selection. Analysis of promoter cis-elements revealed that the promoters of tea plant GLK genes contain a large number of cis-acting elements related to phytohormones and stress tolerance. In addition, a large number of genes contain LTR elements, suggesting that tea plant GLK genes are involved in low-temperature stress. qRT‒PCR analysis revealed that the expression of CsGLK17, CsGLK38, CsGLK54, CsGLK11 and CsGLK60 significantly increased and that the expression of CsGLK7 and CsGLK13 decreased in response to low-temperature induction. Taken together, the results of the transcription profile analysis suggested that CsGLK54 may play an important regulatory role under low-temperature stress. The subcellular localization of CsGLK54 was in the nucleus. Furthermore, CsGLK54 positively regulated the transcription levels of the NbPOD and NbSOD genes under low-temperature stress, which led to an increase in POD and SOD enzyme activities and a decrease in MDA content. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanism of low-temperature stress in tea plants.
Determination of mine fault activation degree and the division of tectonic stress hazard zones
Authors: Lan Tianwei , Liu Yonghao , Yuan Yongnian , Fang Ping , Ling Xiangdong , Zhang Chuang , Li Yabin , Li Yang , Feng Wei
Published: May 2024

This article conducts a comprehensive study on the activation characteristics of faults in the mine and analyzes the distribution patterns of the original rock stress field. Through quantitative research and analysis, we determine the partitioning characteristics of tectonic stress in the mine field under the dual effects of fault activation and original rock stress. The study also reveals the significant impact of different fault activation characteristics and different tectonic stress partitions on the stability of roadway surrounding rock. Using the Mohr–Coulomb strength criterion as a foundation, we investigate the mechanisms of fault activation and establish a mathematical model for fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. This model enables us to determine the strength level of fault activation in coal seam 9 of the Limin coal mine and construct a geological structure model. It has realized the transformation of fault activation degree from qualitative evaluation to quantitative evaluation. The stress state analysis software is used to draw the division of tectonic stress dangerous areas under the synergistic effect of fault activation and original rock stress. We then analyze the impact on the stability of roadway surrounding rock in these different hazardous areas. Utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, we take into account the impact of faults on the distribution characteristics of stress fields and the stability of roadway surrounding rock. This approach enables us to more accurately and comprehensively determine the hazardous areas of tectonic stress in the mine field under the dual effects of faults and original rock stress.
Development and validation of radiomics nomogram for metastatic status of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Leng Yinping , Wang Xiwen , Zheng Tian , Peng Fei , Xiong Liangxia , Wang Yu , Gong Lianggeng
Published: May 2024

To develop and validate an enhanced CT-based radiomics nomogram for evaluating preoperative metastasis risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). One hundred and nine patients with histologically confirmed EOC were retrospectively enrolled. The volume of interest (VOI) was delineated in preoperative enhanced CT images, and 851 radiomics features were extracted. The radiomics features were selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and the rad-score was calculated using the formula of the radiomics label. A clinical model, radiomics model, and combined model were constructed using the logistic regression classification algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the models. Seventy-five patients (68.8%) were histologically confirmed to have metastasis. Eleven optimal radiomics features were retained by the LASSO algorithm to develop the radiomic model. The combined model for evaluating metastasis of EOC achieved area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.929 (95% CI 0.8593–0.9996) in the training cohort and 0.909 (95% CI 0.7921–1.0000) in the test cohort. To facilitate clinical use, a radiomic nomogram was built by combining the clinical characteristics with rad-score. The DCA indicated that the nomogram had the most significant net benefit when the threshold probability exceeded 15%, surpassing the benefits of both the treat-all and treat-none strategies. Compared with clinical model and radiomics model, the radiomics nomogram has the best diagnostic performance in evaluating EOC metastasis. The nomogram is a useful and convenient tool for clinical doctors to develop personalized treatment plans for EOC patients.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for distal biliary malignant obstructive jaundice
Authors: Cai Qingyuan , Wu Xiaomin
Published: May 2024

The main cause of distal biliary malignant obstructive jaundice (DBMOJ) is the stricture of the extrahepatic biliary tract by malignant tumors, including pancreatic head and uncinate process cancer, low-grade cholangiocarcinoma, duodenal cancer, papillary duodenal cancer and other malignant tumors. The most effective treatment is radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, preoperative obstructive jaundice can affect the patient’s liver function and blood coagulation function, increase local inflammation and oedema, and make surgery more difficult. Patients with severe obstructive jaundice require preoperative biliary drainage, which can be achieved by various methods, including ultrasound endoscopic biliary drainage (EUS-EBD) and endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD). The latter is mainly divided into endoscopic nasobiliary drainage and endoscopic biliary stent. Some patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) when ERBD and EUS-EBD failed. In this study, we aimed to identify PTBD in DBMOJ and to further investigate the role of the puncture pathway in DBMOJ. The relationship between PTBD and bile duct internal diameter was confirmed by analysing and collating clinical data. In this study, DBMOJ was grouped according to bile duct internal diameter and liver function was used as an indicator to examine the improvement in liver function with PTBD in patients undergoing DBMOJ. Analysis of puncture complications showed that PTBD puncture was safe. DBMOJ with different bile duct internal diameters had different rates of liver function improvement after PTBD. The right-side approaches had significantly lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alanine transaminase (AST) than the left-side approaches. This study showed that PTBD for DBMOJ is associated with a low complication rate and good reduction of jaundice. Liver function recovery was faster in patients with DBMOJ treated with PTBD in the right-sided approach compared with the left-sided approach. PTBD is an effective tool to be used in patients who have failed ERBD and EUS-EBD.
Stratospheric transport and tropospheric sink of solar geoengineering aerosol: a Lagrangian analysis
Authors: Sun Hongwei , Bourguet Stephen , Luan Lan , Keith David
Published: May 2024

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) aims to reflect solar radiation by increasing the stratospheric aerosol burden. To understand how the background circulation influences stratospheric transport of injected particles, we use a Lagrangian trajectory model (lacking numerical diffusion) to quantify particles’ number, flux, lifetime, and tropospheric sinks from a SAI injection strategy under present-day conditions. While particles are being injected, stratospheric particle number increases until reaching a steady-state. During the steady-state, the time series of particle number shows a dominant period of ~2 years (rather than a 1-year cycle), suggesting modulation by the quasi-biannual oscillation. More than half of particles, injected in the tropical lower stratosphere (15° S to 15° N, 65 hPa), undergo quasi-horizontal transport to the midlatitude. We find a zonal asymmetry of particles’ tropospheric sinks that are co-located with tropopause folding beneath the midlatitude jet stream, which can help predict tropospheric impacts of SAI (e.g., cirrus cloud thinning).
Boosting the activity of UiO-66(Zr) by defect engineering: efficient aldol condensation of furfural and MIBK for the production of bio jet-fuel precursors
Authors: Sanz María , Leo Pedro , Palomino Carlos , Paniagua Marta , Morales Gabriel , Melero Juan A.
Published: May 2024

The combination of missing-linker and missing-cluster defects within the UiO-66(Zr) MOF structure dramatically boosts the catalytic performance of the material.
Microvortex-induced turbulent mixing for reconstitution of high-density lipoprotein-mimicking nanoparticles with aggregation-prone phosphatidylcholine
Authors: Takata Koji , Shibukawa Shiori , Morimoto Chika , Hashioka Shingi , Murakami Tatsuya
Published: May 2024

Lipid nanoparticles often contain a phosphatidylcholine with a long chain fatty acid, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC).
A bridging bis-phosphanido-phosphinidene complex of lanthanum supported by a sterically encumbering PN ligand
Authors: Wittwer B. , Heim F. , Wurst K. , Hohloch S.
Published: May 2024

Synthesis of a novel, bulky anilidophosphine ligand (short PNTerph) is reported. The ligand was shown to stabilize the first example of bridging lanthanum phosphinidene complex.
Successive high-temperature phase transitions triggered dielectric switching in a one-dimensional hybrid perovskite with blue emission
Authors: Hua Xiu-Ni , Cai Zhuoer , Huang Tian-Tian , Cui Jing-Han , Shi Xian , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Yinan , Chen Jian , Xu Kai , Duan Hai-Bao
Published: May 2024

A novel one-dimensional hybrid perovskite (trans-4-methylcyclohexylammonium)CdCl3 undergoes successive structural phase transitions accompanied by switchable dielectric and photoluminescent behaviors.
Assignment of the methanol OH-stretch overtone spectrum using the pattern recognition method
Authors: Libert Alexis , Roucou Anthony , Hays Brian , Glorieux Robin , Robert Séverine , Fabre Baptiste , Kassi Samir , Urbain Xavier , Lauzin Clément
Published: May 2024

We present the measurement and analysis of the 2OH stretching band of methanol between 7165 cm−1 and 7230 cm−1 cooled down to 26 ± 12 K in a buffer gas cooling experiment.
The secondary structure of diatom silaffin peptide R5 determined by two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Thomassen Asger Berg , Jansen Thomas L. C. , Weidner Tobias
Published: May 2024

Diatoms, unicellular marine organisms, harness short peptide repeats of the protein silaffin to transform silicic acid into biosilica nanoparticles.
When can we trust structural models derived from pair distribution function measurements?
Authors: Maffettone Phillip M. , Fletcher William J. K. , Nicholas Thomas C. , Deringer Volker L. , Allison Jane R. , Smith Lorna J. , Goodwin Andrew L.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we explore the importance of biasing structure refinement by model likelihood as a methodology for discriminating between different possible structure solutions.
Light-swing CO2 capture: photoirradiation-based chemical CO2 release based on photoisomerization of azobenzene-amine/guanidine derivatives
Authors: Murakami Ryo , Shiota Keitaro , Uchida Ayaka , Inagaki Fuyuhiko
Published: May 2024

Azobenzene-amine/guanidine derivatives exhibit a light-swing method enabling CO2 release under light irradiation with photoisomerization as the driving force. This method can selectively absorb CO2 in air and release CO2 by blue-light irradiation.
Recycling spent lithium-ion battery cathode: an overview
Authors: Zhang Xun , Zhu Maiyong
Published: May 2024

This review introduces the structure and failure mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, followed by a systematic summary of recycling techniques, including direct, hydrometallurgical, and pyrometallurgical recovery.
Isotopic ratio analysis of individual sub-micron particles via spICP-TOFMS
Authors: Szakas Sarah E. , Gundlach-Graham Alexander
Published: May 2024

Single particle ICP-TOFMS is used to measure isotope ratios within individual sub-micron particles. We explore the advantages and limitations of this method through the analysis of stable and radiogenic isotope pairs in monazite and galena particles.
Preparation and hemostatic performance of composites using tourmaline and shells as main raw materials
Authors: Meng Junping , Yang Zhiling , Srinivasakannan Chandrasekar , Duan Xinhui , Guo Tao , Liang Jinsheng
Published: May 2024

Synthesis process and hemostatic mechanism of shell/tourmaline composite hemostatic sponge (STS).
The role of Matrin-3 in physiology and its dysregulation in disease
Authors: Sprunger Macy L. , Jackrel Meredith E.
Published: May 2024

The dysfunction of many RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that are heavily disordered, including TDP-43 and FUS, are implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). These proteins serve many important roles in the cell, and their capacity to form biomolecular condensates (BMCs) is key to their function, but also a vulnerability that can lead to misregulation and disease. Matrin-3 (MATR3) is an intrinsically disordered RBP implicated both genetically and pathologically in ALS/FTD, though it is relatively understudied as compared with TDP-43 and FUS. In addition to binding RNA, MATR3 also binds DNA and is implicated in many cellular processes including the DNA damage response, transcription, splicing, and cell differentiation. It is unclear if MATR3 localizes to BMCs under physiological conditions, which is brought further into question due to its lack of a prion-like domain. Here, we review recent studies regarding MATR3 and its roles in numerous physiological processes, as well as its implication in a range of diseases.
The high-affinity tryptophan uptake transport system in human cells
Authors: Wakasugi Keisuke , Yokosawa Takumi
Published: May 2024

The L-tryptophan (Trp) transport system is highly selective for Trp with affinity in the nanomolar range. This transport system is augmented in human interferon (IFN)-γ-treated and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)-expressing cells. Up-regulated cellular uptake of Trp causes a reduction in extracellular Trp and initiates immune suppression. Recent studies demonstrate that both IDO1 and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS), whose expression levels are up-regulated by IFN-γ, play a pivotal role in high-affinity Trp uptake into human cells. Furthermore, overexpression of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) elicits a similar effect as IDO1 on TrpRS-mediated high-affinity Trp uptake. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding this Trp uptake system and put forward a possible molecular mechanism based on Trp deficiency induced by IDO1 or TDO2 and tryptophanyl-AMP production by TrpRS.
Study on dynamic simulation of hinged flap mechanism considering wear evolution
Authors: FENG Yunwen , TANG Jiaqiang , XUE Xiaofeng , LI Shuai , CHEN Xianmin
Published: May 2024

Due to the significant differences in aerodynamic loads offlaps at different positions, there are also significant differences in the loads borne by bearings at different flap angles. This leads to inconsistent wear depth of bearings at different angles. Therefore, the method of introducing uniform wear depth is difficult to apply to the dynamic characteristics analysis of flaps. To address this issue, a dynamic modeling method based on the least squares method is proposed. Firstly, based on the connection characteristics of the flap surface, the C-B method is used to make it flexible, and the RBE2 element is used to establish a rigid flexible coupling dynamic model. On this basis, combining with UAMP, DISP and UMESHMOTION subroutines, the uneven wear data of hinge bearings are obtained by using the wear evolution simulation. At the same time, the function relation among the wear depth, flap deflection angle, and friction coefficient is established via least squares fitting. Finally, the function relation is updated to the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model by the offset of the hinge bearing center point and the friction coefficient of the ball pair, so as to obtain the dynamic response of the flap under the influence of wear, which verifies the applicability and effectiveness of the method. As wear progresses, the coaxiality of the inner and outer bearing shafts of the flaps decreases gradually, and the driving torque on the inner and outer sides increases accordingly. The maximum increase is 15.08%. This method can provide some support for designing the flap mechanism and bearing selection.
Aeroelasticity study of high span ratio wing with flare folding wingtip
Authors: YE Bo , YANG Youxu , LU Jiacheng , YU Lingfu , CHENG Zhiyong
Published: May 2024

Flare folding wing-tips rely on the adaptive deformation of the structure to reduce the flight load, which can effectively simplify the control system, and has more advantages in cost and weight. To study the effect of the elastic folding wingtip as a passive load alleviation device, the flexible hinges were used to connect the folding wingtip to the wing, and the Doublet Lattice panel method was used to calculate the aerodynamic loads. Static and dynamic load response and flutter analysis were performed on the folding wingtip configurations with different structural parameters, and the effects of the hinge orientation, stiffness, wingtip weight and wingtip center of gravity position on the load response and flutter behavior were investigated. The results show that the flare folding wingtip can significantly reduce the static and sudden wind loads of the wing with suitable parameters. In the static aeroelastic trim analysis, the folding wingtip can increase the span length by 25% with almost no increase in the wing root bending moment and reduce the trim angle of attack by 0.14°. In the gust response analysis, the maximum wing root bending moment can be reduced by nearly 50% comparing with the fixed wing tip, which is only 17% higher than the baseline model without the wing tip. However, the flutter velocity is reduced, and further optimization is needed to improve the flutter characteristics.
Performance and influencing factors of acoustic grating based on signal enhancement
Authors: YANG Lei , CHEN Kean , LYU Ning , TIAN Fenghua , ZHANG Jiyang , LIU Yidong
Published: May 2024

In the acoustic signal receiving section of underwater vehicle, an effective measure to improve surface acoustic impedance and reduce signal attenuation is to cover acoustic barrier plate of hydrophone array with high impedance material (signal conditioning plate). Compared with traditional full coverage mode, an acoustic grating (periodic installation of regulator plate array) can greatly improve the received signal gain and reduce the weight of the receiving segment. In order to deeply understand the signal enhancement mechanism and optimize the design of acoustic grating, the factors that influence the signal enhancement performance of acoustic grating from the aspects of width, thickness, incident angle and structure width ratio is studied. Simulation results show that the oblique incidence will change the symmetrical distribution of signal ratio (SR), but will not significantly change the acoustic performance of the structure. Wider and thicker regulating plate lead to stronger non-mirror scattering and better signal enhancement performance of structure. In practical application, geometric parameters of acoustic grating should be reasonably designed to meet multiple constraints of real environment to achieve optimal overall performance. In addition, the moderate width ratio can obtain a good overall acoustic performance.
Research and implementation of asynchronous compaction mechanism of distributed database based on LSM-Tree
Authors: DU Yide , LIU Wenjie
Published: May 2024

With the continuous development of information technology, distributed database has become a research hotspot. Due to the limit support for SQL and defects in transaction processing and consistency of distributed databases based on NoSQL architecture, NewSQL databases based on LSM-Tree become gradually the mainstream of applications, such as TiDB and OceanBase. The distributed LSM-Tree storage architecture divides the data into baseline data and incremental data. Through the compaction operation, the incremental data of different partitions and the baseline data are continuously merged and stored on the disk, thereby reducing memory pressure. However, compaction will occupy a large amount of system resources and seriously affect system availability. This paper proposes an asynchronous compaction mechanism based on LSM-Tree architecture. By subdividing the compaction process, the data merging is asynchronous, which effectively shortens the time for a single compaction operation. Experiments show that the asynchronous compaction mechanism proposed in this paper can significantly shorten the data merging time and improve the robustness and usability of the system in high-frequency writing scenarios.
A task container scheduling algorithm for spaceborne virtualization platform
Authors: LIU Mingxuan , GUO Boyuan , LIU Xi , LIANG Xinxin , ZHAO Qianglong , YANG Xiaofeng , GU Jianhua
Published: May 2024

With the help of lightweight virtualization technology such as containers, the spaceborne virtualization platform encapsulates computing tasks into containers to form task containers, so as to achieve efficient utilization of resources. However, the platform's task container scheduling problem is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. In this paper, we aim at this problem by establishing a multi-pass scheduling model for separable container tasks based on non-blocking communication mode. On the basis of this model, we propose a new scheduling algorithm, aiming at determining the optimal processor scheduling sequence and scheduling times. The algorithm combines the concept of divisible task container and multi-pass scheduling. By decomposing the task into executable subtasks, and performing task allocation and processor scheduling in multiple scheduling stages, it can optimize the scheduling order to improve the overall processing efficiency. This algorithm is an improved genetic algorithm that adds the optimization strategy of subpopulation isolation to the traditional genetic algorithm. Its core idea is to improve the performance and effect of the genetic algorithm by introducing the population division strategy into the algorithm process. We verify the effectiveness and convergence of the algorithm through experiments, and the experimental results show that the algorithm makes the task have less completion time.