bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the evolution of linguistic views and poetic language of the poet and reformer Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky
Authors: Patroeva N. V. , Rozhkova A. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents a linguo-stylistic analysis of two poems by V. K. Trediakovsky, namely "A Ceremonial Ode on the Surrender of the City of Gdansk" (1734) and "Ode I. A Solemn Ode on the Surrender of the City of Gdansk" (1752). The study aims to determine the correlation between the key provisions of Trediakovsky’s language programme and his linguistic style reflected in the two chronologically distant texts. To achieve this goal, we used analysis, synthesis, as well as inductive, deductive, comparative-contrastive, typological, linguo-stylistic, lexicographic, and quantitative methods. The contrastive analysis confirms the genre-driven systematic use of bookish Slavonic elements. Moreover, a significant proportion of them, primarily lexical and morphological, are found in the 1752 version, which indicates the tendency for the style of mature Trediakovsky to archaize. Both texts are characterized by the use of phonetic Old Church Slavicisms and clipped adjectives. The observation of lexical units enables us to postulate a wider range of such means in the 1752 text. It is in this poetic version that some cases of replacing a stylistically neutral word with a Slavicism are identified, which seems important in the light of confirming the archaizing tendencies in the style of late Trediakovsky. The observations of the sentence typology and structure allow us to suggest that the new verse requirements of the 1752 version triggered syntactic transformations. The result was a rarer use of one-member sentences, an increase in the number of two-member and asyndetic composite sentences, and an insignificant decrease in the proportion of extending members of the sentence and syndetic multi-component composite constructions. At the same time, the syntactic pattern of the text does not appear to be completely renewed and innovated due to such constraints as the inverted order of sentence members and their significant intentional distancing. The analysis we performed confirms the inconsistency in the style and linguistic aspirations of V. K. Trediakovsky. His individual style still remains to be studied comprehensively.
Key semantic fields in the comedy "The Forest" by A. N. Ostrovsky’s (to the 200th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Nikolina N. A.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the structure and functions of two semantic fields functioning in the text of the comedy "The Forest" by A. N. Ostrovsky, namely the field "Theatre" and the field "Forest". It is shown that the words in these fields appear both in direct and figurative meanings and are text-forming in nature. They occur frequently and reflect the specific features of the conflict and the theme of the play. Examining the key semantic fields provides the basis for a linguo-stylistic analysis of the comedy "The Forest" performed with structural-semantic and linguoculturological research methods. The study focuses particular attention on the figurative potential of lexical and phraseological units in the semantic fields under consideration. It is noted that the words in the field "Forest" have national and cultural specificity and are associated with the images of Russian folk culture. At the same time, the units of the semantic field "Theatre"develop the game motif and determine the cross-cutting oppositions in the text of the comedy. Their functioning is associated with the "theatre in the theatre" technique which was often used by the playwright and is characteristic of his plays.
After the Flood: biblical allusions in the story "The Life of Klim Samgin" by M. Gorky (to the 155th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Bobylev B. G.
Published: March 2023

The article characterises biblical allusions in the text of the story "The Life of Klim Samgin" by M. Gorky. The study relies on the methods of description, commenting, intertextual analysis, interpretation, and the hermeneutic circle. I conclude that the biblical allusions to water and fire employed by Gorky acquire the meaning of symbols which indicate a catastrophe reaching apocalyptic proportions. The catastrophe particularly refers to the death of the Russian Empire and the Russian intelligentsia created by it. The above mentioned allusions also help to understand the idea of the story better, as well as to approach a deeper comprehension of the authorial image.
D. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky and problems of modern linguistics
Authors: Pishchalnikova V. A.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the article is determined by its historiographical purpose – to show that a number of provisions of the concept of D. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky were ahead of their time and developed thoroughly only in modern interdisciplinary areas of Linguistics. These provisions emphasized that artistic speech is a psychological activity of a person, which is influenced by socio–cultural factors via specific combinations with individual psychological factors in the personality of each creator. That is why the researcher strives to study the problems of artistic creativity as an integral system of "psychology of language, thought and creativity". This approach is based on the deep conviction that all elements of the human psyche are increasingly synthesized evolutionarily, and only this leads to the appearance of personality. The research is based on the material of the scientist’s articles and articles of a number of authors of "Issues of Theory and Psychology of Creativity" in 1907–1923.
Nouns endings and finals -ie, -ii in prepositions (from materials of the academic description of Russian orthography)
Authors: Arutyunova E. V. , Beshenkova E. V. , Ivanova O. E.
Published: March 2023

The article presents a fragment of academic rules, namely those for spelling unstressed vowels in noun endings. Tables and teaching materials accompany the rules. This section of orthography is well-studied and described in both scientific and methodological literature. The provided characterisation is generalising: it systematically presents all orthographically significant types of noun declensions. The main rule formulation does not result in the usual vicious cycle, i. e. when the ending of the original form determines declension type (words ending with -a(-ya), words ending with -o(-ye)), and the ending of the motivating word is determined by the declension type (lake/ozero as window/ okno). The rules address all groups of words and individual lexemes that diverge from standard paradigms and present spelling difficulties. These include bolgarin – bolgary/a Bulgarian – Bulgarians, but anglichanin – anglichane/an Englishman – the English; Pushkin – Pushkinym/Pushkin – by Pushkin, but Chaplin – Chaplinom/Chaplin – by Chaplin; Sofia – o Sofii/Sofia – about Sofia, but Liya – o Lie/Leah – about Leah, Viy – o Vie/Viy – about Vii; j-stem words (Maya)), as well as grammatical variants (usishcha and usishchi/a very big moustache). We also mention individual words with stressed endings which do not correspond to this declension type (put’/path, kiy/cue). The rules prevent errors in dividing word forms into morphemes incorrectly. Such mistakes are common in reference and educational literature. One note discusses the problem of differentiating noun forms ending with -ie, -ii from derivative prepositions and lexicalised (adverbial) prepositional-case combinations associated with them. Their pronunciation coincides with that of prepositions (v zaklyuchenii soderzhitsya oshibka/there is an error in the conclusion – v zaklyuchenie seminara blagodaryu vsekh uchastnikov/in conclusion of the seminar, I thank all participants, skazal v zaklyuchenie/in conclusion, he said). Teaching materials enable educators to consistently form the skills necessary to correctly spell prepositions ending with -ie, -ii, as well as adverbial combinations and prepositional noun phrases associated with them. A sufficient number of examples, their grouping and arrangement enable learners to observe the semantic, syntactic, spelling differences of prepositions, adverbial combinations, and nouns. The materials permit wide variation in the volume and complexity of assignments. This allows teachers to adapt them focusing on the age and the preparation level of learners.
On structuring a concept study lesson
Authors: Shutan M. I.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the paper lies in the need to consider various structural types of concept study lessons. This is because the work of language and literature teachers in this line turns into a system conditioned by the objective of developing figurative and conceptual thinking of schoolchildren, as well as forming their world view and life stance. The testing and assessment materials of the unified state exam in the 9th and 11th forms also direct attention to concepts. The study aims to consider various types of lessons focusing on the one that involves a direct connection between Russian language lessons and the literature syllabus. The paper characterises one such lesson on the example of working with the concept "thing" in the 10th form while studying the drama "Girl without a Dowry" by A. N. Ostrovsky. I have identified the following stages: 1) visualising the concept on the basis of works of visual arts and popular science text; 2) creating a language portrait of the concept, which implies giving attention to the lexical meanings of the concept-word, its synonymic series, the combinability of the concept-word with other words, its phraseology, material nouns; 3) creating a context in conjunction with identifying the philosophical and moral-psychological meanings of the concept-word based on the analysis of aphorisms and fragments from works of fiction; 4) performing a fragment-focused analysis of A. N. Ostrovsky’s drama "Girl without a Dowry" (excerpts are examined against a background of the previously created context); 5) creating a concept model that consists of the rubrics "Reality", "Man", "Objectification of a person"; 6) fulfilling home creative assignments. Each new stage of the lesson is conditioned by the previous stage. This approach to a literary text followed in the classroom promotes the actualization of the interdisciplinarity principle whose attributes are the methods of linguo-stylistic and literary analysis.
Ensuring the content integrity of the discipline "Russian language teaching methodology": a systematic approach
Authors: Manakova L. M.
Published: March 2023

The way subject content is structured determines the strategy to teach it. Systemic thinking formation depends on the entirety of assimilating such content by students. Difficulties arise while ensuring the holistic assimilation of the content of modular structure subjects. Such disciplines are studied for two or more semesters. Students undergo midterm assessment. Unfortunately, learners perceive each module as a separate subject without establishing systemic connections between disciplines. This study aims to find a way to ensure that students learn the modular structure discipline "Russian language teaching methodology" holistically. The article attempts to solve the issue of structuring the content of student linguistic and methodological training. The study was conducted within the systematic approach framework. Investigating the content of the course in Russian language teaching methodology as a system required identifying its components and determining their connections and their core component. Teaching Russian in forms I–XI aims to develop student linguistic personality. Reliance on the linguistic personality concept and structure made it possible to identify the abovementioned core component. It is the section "Methodology for teaching speech culture and stylistics" of the course in Russian language teaching methodology for forms V–IX. This section promotes the connections between the elements of each section as well as between sections. Thus, it ensures the content integrity of the course in Russian language teaching methodology.
Toponymic heritage of Academician N. I. Tolstoy (to the 100th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Barandeev A. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper considers the main stages of the scientific activity of Academician N. I. Tolstoy. In addition, the study analyses the most important scholarly works on toponymy in his extensive linguistic heritage. I describe the innovative methods the scientist used for the semantic reconstruction of the oldest layers of the appellative and toponymic vocabulary in the Slavic regions. These methods were also employed to establish reliable etymologies. The paper illustrates the significance of the works by N. I. Tolstoy for the development of the theory and practice of modern toponymy. Moreover, the specific features of the scientific presentation style peculiar to the researcher are noted.
Review of the monograph: Functional illiteracy as an object of psycholinguistics / V. A. Pishchalnikova, N. I. Stepykin, I. A. Bubnova et al.; ed. by V. A. Pishchalnikova. Moscow: R.Valent, 2022. 216 p.
Authors: Kardanova-Biryukova K. S.
Published: March 2023

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Videojuego formativo para mejorar la atención en terapias de personas con trastorno de marcha por problemas de Neurodesarrollo – Korak
Authors: Gómez Prada Urbano Eliécer , Parra Janaceth Brian de Jesús
Published: March 2023

Este articulo presenta un videojuego formativo desarrollado dentro de una investigación en la Universidad Pontifica Bolivariana en el año 2021 que ayuda a mantener la atención por periodos prolongados en terapias de personas con trastorno en marcha por problemas de neurodesarrollo referentes al gesto natural como son: tiempo, número de paradas realizadas durante el intervalo de tiempo, velocidades angulares de cada pie correspondientes a cada eje y aceleración. La investigación tiene un alcance exploratorio descriptivo y el desarrollo del videojuego siguió el proceso unificado racional y fue implementado en Unity 3D para generar un ambiente audiovisual con escenarios, personajes, efectos, interfaces, entre otros. El videojuego fue validado mediante pruebas con personas sin trastornos de marcha y con niños que si tienen problemas referentes al neurodesarrollo. Actualmente, el videojuego es usado en un centro de rehabilitación en Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Comparison of the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine, Clonidine and control in attenuating Intubation response
Authors: Siddartha Patta  , Ram Manohar Reddy P
Published: March 2023

Endotracheal intubation includes laryngoscopy & intubation. The process of laryngoscopy & intubation are noxious stimuli & therefore constitute a period of extreme hemodynamic stress and is associated with intense sympathetic activity marked by tachycardia & hypertension 1. Hence the search for an ideal agent to attenuate the hemodynamic responses is still continuing. Alpha-2 agonists have been used for attenuating the sympathetic response21 and among α-2 agonists both Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine appear to fulfil all the criteria of ideal agent. The study was undertaken to compare the effects of Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine in attenuating hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. This study was done in 90 patients divided into 3 groups, in operation theatre in the department of anesthesiology, NRIAS. This study showed that IV bolus dose of Dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg administered 10 minutes before laryngoscopy and intubation can be recommended to attenuate the sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and intubation without any side effects than clonidine.
The reality of applying the system of financial incentives in the development of administrative creativity among employees of Kumaran Company for Industry and Investment in Yemen
Authors: ABDULLAH SALEH ALI SOFIAN  , VANI NIKHIL LATURKAR
Published: March 2023

This study examines the impact of incentives on the development of administrative creativity among the employees of Kumaran Company for Industry and Investment in Yemen. The study sample consists of 186 public administration employees. The data was collected through a questionnaire, and 168 responses were analyzed using analytical descriptive methods. The study found that the company provides workers with financial incentives, with an average score of 4.16 and a high degree of agreement from the sample. The study also found a high level of agreement with the availability of administrative creative dimensions in the company, with an average score of 4.59. The study did not find any significant differences in responses based on demographic variables such as age, scientific qualification, job title, or years of service.
Ulama Jambi: Peran, Sirkulasi, dan Kebutuhan Replanting Ulama Muda
Authors: Harun Hermanto , Arfan Arfan
Published: March 2023

Ulama occupy a strategic position in Jambi social landscape. Alumni of religious schools and public schools strive to appear as ulama. On the other hand, social problems are increasingly complex. This paper aims to examine the Islamic scholarly indicators in the social context of the Jambi Malay community, to explore actualization and circulation of the ulama, and the factors that cause their lack of role. Data collected through a questionnaire by grouping respondents into Old Ulama and Young Ulama. Observations and interviews were also conducted regarding the relationship between two groups in two institutions, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Jambi City and State Islamic Institute of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi which is now a university. The study found that both young and old ulama were united in their views of the importance of charismatic as main indicator of an ulama, but had different views on the role of ulama in contemporary social problems in Jambi. The Older stated that ulama still played a significant role, while the majority of young informants stated that the role of ulama was getting weaker and narrower only in Ulama Council (MUI). The study also found that the weakening of the ulama was caused by: first, the old ulama and their organizations were increasingly less independent and financially dependent on the government. Second, the charismatic ulema who are tawadu' are fading away and there is competition for influence among the old ulama. Third, ulama are divided by mass religious organizations. The researcher proposes replanting or a serious effort to "replant" ulama, especially with Sufi character, tawadu' or unpretentious attitude and charismatic. Young scholars who are cadres of mass media and have educational institutions are not sufficient to create charismatic scholars.
Strategi dan Peran Muhamdiyah dalam Membantu Transformasi Peradapan Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Soleh Ahmad , Audia Daniel Prima , Tamtomo Hario , Rahayu Yunie
Published: March 2023

The modernization of the world's tinsel goes so quickly and dynamically, the rapid development will have an effect on the order of human life. This condition has an impact on the Anak Dalam Tribe (SAD) so that it is increasingly left behind because of its inability to keep up with the changes that occur. This research aims to analyze internal and external problems that are inhibiting and driving factors in the process of transitioning the order of life in the Anak Dalam Tribe (SAD) and analyze the role of muhammdiyah in helping prepare for social transition and inclusion in the life of the Anak Dalam Tribe (SAD). This research uses qualitative methods that are exploratory. Sampling is carried out using purposive sampling and snowball sampling approaches conducted by in-depth interview methods, questionnaires, and documentation on respondents and those related directly. The scope of the objects in this study was limited to one group of Anak Dalam Tribe (SAD) and communities domiciled in Dwi Karya Bakti Village, Kec. Pelepat, Bungo Regency. Analyzed through internal and external analysis as well as qualitative descriptive analysis.
Religious Organization Capacity in Governing Social Distancing in Indonesia
Authors: Saadah Maratun
Published: March 2023

This study aims to provide an analysis of the governance of social restriction policies by Islamic social organizations as an act of religious moderation and an effort to suppress the spread of the COVID-19 virus in Indonesia through a socio-religious perspective. The worship activities of the Muslim community are identical to gathering masses or congregations, the social intensity in these religious activities is a contradiction of government policies related to social distancing. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with literature study method. NU as the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia takes a role in administering social restrictions, including efforts to prevent the spread of other viruses. The steps taken by NU show how the Islamic organization has become the trust of the community and government partners in spreading the public agenda.
Penilaian Risiko Eksternal (Market dan Lingkungan) Berdasarkan Kerangka ISO 31000: 2018 yang Terintegrasi ISO 9001: 2015
Authors: Nurhadi Erik , Chumaidiyah Endang , Andrawina Luciana
Published: March 2023

Pengelolaan risiko pasar sangat erat hubungannya dengan fakta bahwa penjualan sangat bergantung pada bisnis industri tekstil yang dinamis seperti pengaruh lingkungan, dan segmentasi pasar yang berubah-ubah. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam tata ruang daerah, mengharuskan perusahaan untuk lebih fokus dalam pengelolaan risiko lingkungan karena tempat berdirinya perusahaan beririsan dengan wilayah-wilayah non pollutant. PT XYZ telah menerapkan sistem manajemen mutu yang berbasis pengelolaan risiko ISO 9001:2015, dengan menggunakan metode ISO 31000:2018 diharapkan proses dapat terintegrasikan dengan sistem yang ada dan dapat dibuat dalam satu kerangka. Variabel risiko yang akan diidentifikasi yaitu risiko eksternal berupa risiko pasar dan risiko lingkungan. Proses perancangan manajemen risiko mengacu pada framework ISO 31000:2018 yaitu konteks organisasi, iden­tifikasi risiko, analisis risiko, evaluasi risiko dan respon risiko berupa pemetaan risiko berdasarkan tingkatannya dan mitigasi risiko. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, teridentifikasi 40 risiko yang terdiri dari 14 risiko yang teridentifikasi sebagai risiko pasar dan 26 risiko yang teridentifikasi sebagai risiko Lingkungan. Dari penilaian untuk masing-masing risiko diperoleh hasil bahwa 21 risiko adalah risiko tinggi, 18 risiko sedang, dan 1 risiko rendah. Tindakan mitigasi telah dirancang untuk setiap risiko berdasarkan Evaluasi risikonya untuk mengurangi tingkat probabilitas dan tingkat keparahan risiko tersebut.
Analisis Pengaruh Beban Kerja terhadap Tingkat Kelelahan Pekerja Industri Rumah Tangga Keripik Tempe
Authors: Maulana Irvan , Widhiarso Wahyu , Dewi Grita Supriyanto
Published: March 2023

Industri Rumah Tangga Wijaya Kusuma merupakan industri kecil yang bergerak di bidang makanan kecil dengan memproduksi keripik tempe. Secara keseluruhan dalam proses produksi keripik tempe masih menggunakan tenaga manusia yang mengandalkan kinerja tangan dengan pergerakan yang ber­ulang-ulang sehingga mengakibatkan terjadinya keluhan pasca kerja. Postur kerja dengan kepala yang menunduk dalam posisi duduk yang membungkuk menimbulkan keluhan atau gejala pasca kerja, seperti sakit dibagian leher, bahu, punggung dan tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur beban kerja dan tingkat kelelahan yang diterima pekerja serta mengetahui hubungan diantara keduanya. Metode yang digunakan adalah %CVL untuk mengklas­ifikasikan beban kerja melalui denyut nadi pekerja dan kuesioner SSRT untuk mengukur tingkat kelelahan pekerja melalui penilaian subjektif. Pengukuran beban kerja dan tingkat kelelahan dilakukan pada 10 responden. Berdasarkan perhitungan didapatkan beban kerja dengan kategori tidak terjadi kelelahan adalah 6 orang dan pekerja dengan kategori dianjurkan perbaikan tidak mendesak adalah 4 orang. Tingkat kelelahan yang dialami 10 orang pekerja termasuk kelelahan kerja sedang. Dari uji Pearson Correlations diperoleh nilai correlation coefficient sebesar 0,732 yang menunjukkan ada hubungan kuat beban kerja dengan tingkat kelelahan pekerja Industri Rumah Tangga Keripik Tempe.
Penguatan Literasi Digital melalui Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual
Authors: Afifulloh Mohammad , Sulistiono Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) sangat pesat dan berimbas pada proses pembelajaran di madrasah. Penggunaan media sumber pembelajaran tidak saja terbatas pada printed resource (sumber belajar cetak), namun juga berupa digital resource. Fenomena semacam ini menuntut peningkatan kapasitas guru madrasah dalam pembuatan media berbasis digital, terlebih lagi beberapa tahun terakhir marak dengan pem­belajaran online jarak jauh. Pengembangan media yang joyfull dan berbasis teknologi menjadi kebutuhan, dan juga sebagai implementasi penguatan literasi digital. Pelatihan dan pendampingan guru madrasah perlu dilakukan untuk membantu meng-upgrade kemampuan mereka membuat media digital (audio visual) yang dapat diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan keterampilan guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Huda 1 Kedungkandang Kota Malang. PkM dilaksanakan dengan bentuk kegiatan seminar literasi digital dan pelatihan pembuatan media ajar audio visual. Signifikansi dan kontribusi literasi digital ditanamkan pada guru madrasah sampai pada proses pembuatan media audio visual. Hasil PkM terlihat pada kemampuan guru madrasah dalam membuat media berbasis TIK, indikasi keterampilan tampak dalam memanfaatkan beberapa aplikasi, antara lain; canva, toon app, remove background, dan xrecorder. Masing-masing aplikasi tersebut memiliki fungsinya tersendiri sebagai media untuk memformulasi materi ajar ke dalam media audio visual.
Development of low glycaemic index simulated wheat flour for flatbread
Authors: Dabade Ashish , Joshi Anushree , Mahida Mallika , Sonawane Sachin
Published: March 2023

Diabetes has become a potential epidemic in India, affecting millions of individuals. The present study attempted to develop a low glycaemic index simulated wheat flour as a solution for diabetic patients. The simulated wheat flour was formulated from modified rice flour, gluten protein, and extracted okra gum. The glycaemic index was determined using the in vitro digestibility method. The glycaemic index of the Indian flatbread prepared using the final formulation of simulated wheat flour was 12.05 ± 0.73, which is 71.4 % less than the whole wheat Indian flatbread (42.14 ± 2.44). The protein and energy content of the simulated wheat flour was higher than that of the whole wheat flour. The SEM images and DSC thermogram of the simulated wheat flour suggested that the starch and gluten structure were irregular and crystalline, and the glass transition temperature was higher than the whole wheat flour, indicating a higher degree of crystallinity and stability. 50 untrained panellists performed the sensory evaluation, and the panellists accepted the Indian flatbread prepared from the simulated wheat flour. The development of the simulated wheat flour formulation was successful, and it provides a promising solution for diabetic patients and people dealing with obesity.
Changes of lipid composition from culture fluid during the production of antibiotic salinomycin
Authors: Chuchkov Blago Spasov , Antova Ginka Atanasova
Published: March 2023

A major step in the biotechnological process of production of antibiotic salinomycin is fermentation, which has the greatest impact on the quality of the final product. Vegetable oils (rapeseed or soybean) are used as nutrient medium during fermentation, with some of the lipids embedded in the final product. Data on their effect on product quality is missing, which is why a study of the changes in the composition of lipids in cultural fluid during the fermentation process was conducted. The composition of the residual lipids isolated from three samples of the culture fluid during fermentation (213, 405 and 490 hours), was investigated before drying the final product. The lipid content of the samples was 6.3%, 3.5% and 6.2%. The main trend is an increase in the amount of saturated fatty acids at the expense of a decrease in unsaturated acids. The amount of tocopherols during the fermentation process increased as well as γ-tocopherol, while the amount of α-tocopherol decreased. The content of carotenoids decreased twice during fermentation. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were identified as major polar lipid components. The main phospholipid classes contain mainly palmitic, stearic and oleic acids. Significant changes in general lipid composition were observed during the biosynthesis process.
Whole wheat flour enriched with nectarine powder - antioxidant activity, microbiological and moisture sorption characteristics
Authors: Vasileva Adelina Lazarova , Durakova Albena , Kalaydzhiev Hristo , Dimitrova-Dicheva Milena , Goranova Zhivka , Georgiev Kliment
Published: March 2023

The aims of the current scientific study are to present the initial data research on the flour mixture of whole wheat flour enriched with nectarine powder of Bulgarian origin – intended for sponge cake production - was created. The natural content of the antioxidants was evaluated through the in vitro methods DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and monolayer moisture content (MMC) were investigated at 10°C, 25°C, and 40°C, resembling the diapason of temperature conditions in the storage house. The water activity (from 0.1 to 0.9) is provided through saturated salt solutions of LiCl, CH3COOK, MgCl2, K2CO3, MgNO3, NaBr, NaCl, and KCl. The obtained adsorption and desorption EMC declare the tendency – with its increase, the temperature decrease at the constant value of aw. According to Brunauer’s classification, sorption isotherms are of the second class, showing their characteristic S-shape profile. The modeling of the obtained sorption data includes their mathematical description using one of the three-parametrical models of modified Halsey, Oswin, Chung-Pfost, and Henderson. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller linearization was presented to the values of the monolayer moisture content – for the adsorption process they are between 5.78% and 8.94%; and for the desorption - between 7.25% and 8.89%.
Effect of functional ingredients and vegetable oils on the technological properties and microstructure of emulsified cooked sausages
Authors: Momchilova Maria Marianovna , Gradinarska-Ivanova Dilyana , Valkova-Yorgova Katya
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the incorporation of vegetable oils (chia, milk thistle and pumpkin seed oils) and non-meat functional ingredients, such as quinoa flour or potato starch, into the manufacture of emulsified cooked sausages with reduced animal fat content. The samples were evaluated with respect to the texture properties, emulsion stability, colour and microstructural characteristics of the reformulated meat products. The sausages formulated with quinoa flour were found to have better emulsion stability and lower hardness, gumminess and adhesiveness values according to the results of the TPA analysis. Furthermore, higher L* and b* and lower а* values were measured in these samples compared to the analogical samples prepared with potato starch. The milk thistle oil led to the highest a* and the lowest b* and h (C) values, whereas the samples containing pumpkin seed oil were characterised by increased values in the yellow spectrum and the highest lightness of all samples studied. The SEM images of the samples formulated with the addition of vegetable oils and quinoa flour exhibited a more uniform distribution of the individual components restructured into a more compact protein network, unlike the samples made with potato starch, which had rougher and less organised morphological structure.
Changes in physicochemical, microbiological and fatty acid composition during the ripening period of artisan sheep cheese from Bulgaria
Authors: Stankov Stanko , Fidan Hafize , Dincheva Ivayla , Balabanov Alexandar , Petrova Ivanka
Published: March 2023

The composition of artisan sheep's milk cheese during the ripening period was studied. The raw material used for cheese production, was obtained from an indigenous Karakachan sheep from Bulgaria. It was found that the main physicochemical parameters of the cheese have changed during the study period. During the ripening process, chaaracteristics such as dry matter, total protein and fat content increased by approximately 7.0%, 3.0% and 4.0% respectively, while the water content of the samples decreased by up to 7.0%. A smooth acidification process was observed, which correlated with the high number of lactic acid bacteria. The fatty acid analysis showed that the saturated fatty acid composition was 66.0% and unsaturated fatty acids were 34.0%. During the biochemical ripening at the 60th day of the test period, the presence of linoleic polyunsaturated fatty acid was found to be 0.12%.
Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on immunoreactivity and other protein characteristics of wheat gliadin in flour and flatbread
Authors: Alhendi Abeer S. , Alobaidy Zahraa S.
Published: March 2023

Pulsed light (PL) was investigated for reducing the immunoreactivity of gliadin of wheat flour, however, the obstacle with using PL light was that the food temperature was highly increased with a short treatment time. Therefore, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was used to study its effects on immunoreactivity of gliadin, free sulfhydryl groups, gluten, and molecular weight of wheat proteins in wheat flour and flatbread samples. Also, the effect of heat treatment combined with UV light treatment on some protein features were studied. The immunoreactivity of gliadin was highly reduced, 60%, of flour treated with only UV, while the reduction was not obvious for flour treated with infrared light along with UV light and for flatbread samples. The free sulfhydryl groups were 3030, 3878, 4372, and 4784 µmol.g-1 after zero, 30, 60, and 120 min of UV light respectively. While the free sulfhydryl groups were reduced for flatbread samples treated by UV light. SDS-PAGE results showed that there was a clear reduction of the gliadin bands of flour treated with UV light compared to other treatments. In conclusion, thermal treatment along with or before UV light treatment reduced the effect of UV light on the immunoreactivity of wheat gliadin.
Micropropagation of bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) distributed in Bulgaria
Authors: Georgieva Maria Todorova , Kondakova Violeta , Georgiev Diyan , Hristova Denica , Pavlov Atanas
Published: March 2023

The aim of the present study is to develop a system for micropropagation of bog blueberries. They are distributed from 1700 to 2500 m above sea level in the mountains Rila, Pirin, Western and Central Balkan Mountain, Vitosha, Osogovo, Western Sredna Gora and Western and Middle Rhodopes. An approach for the statistical optimization of micropropagation media under laboratory conditions has been applied for the first time. Sterile explants were introduced in vitro on WPM, enriched with 3 mg.l-1 2-iP and pH 4.2. To optimize proliferation, nine variants of WPM were tested with the addition of growth regulators (zeatin and 2-iP) in varying concentrations (1.5 - 3.5 mg.l-1), organic additives (casein hydrolisate and myo-inositol and pH values (4.3 - 4.8). The best result regarding the reproduction coefficient was found on M1 nutrient medium (3.77 pcs/explant), enriched with 3.5 mg.l-1 zeatin and 2-iP, 250 mg.l-1 casein hydrolisate, pH 4.8. The largest average length of shoots was reported on the modified medium M9 with 2.63 cm. The resulting micro shoots were rooted on WPM nutrient medium, halved macrosol content and different levels of IAA (0.5 - 1 mg.l-1), myo-inositol and pH. The highest percentage of rooting was found on R8 nutrient medium with 56.7%.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of extrudates from rice enriched with pumpkin
Authors: Dushkova Mariya , Koleva Anna , Genev Dobromir , Simitchiev Apostol , Petrova Todorka , Kakalova Miroslava
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of pumpkin flour (10% and 20%), moisture content of initial mixture (14% and 20%) and working screw speed (180 min-1 and 220 min-1) on the physicochemical (expansion, density, hardness, colour) and sensory characteristics of rice extrudates enriched with pumpkin produced on a single screw extruder. The chemical composition before and after extrusion was also determined. The ash, lipids, reducing sugars, total sugars and total protein remained unchanged before and after extrusion while the carotenoids decreased after extrusion. The increase in the pumpkin flour led to a decrease in the expansion and lightness, and an increase in the density, hardness and redness of extrudates. The effect of the moisture content was inversely proportional on the expansion and redness, while it was directly proportional on the density, hardness and lightness. The screw speed increased the expansion, hardness and lightness of the extrudates, decreased the redness and had no significant effect on the density. The highest sensory score was achieved at a moisture content 14%, pumpkin flour 10% and screw speed 220 min-1. The moisture content had the most significant effect on the characteristics of the extrudates.
Molecular characterization of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains isolated from peanut sold in northern Togo
Authors: Lare N’pagyendou , Bodjona Bawoumodom P.I Tchaou , Gambogou Banfitebiyi , Karou Damintoti Simplice
Published: March 2023

The contamination of agricultural products and aflatoxins synthesis can be controlled and reduced by the application of a biological control product based on atoxinogenic Aspergillus flavus strains. The purpose of this work was to select atoxinogenic Aspergillus flavus strains that can be used in the biological control of aflatoxins. Thirty-four (34) strains of Aspergillus flavus were used and the Nor-1, Ver-1, Omt-A and AflR genes involved in the aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway were sought. The growth speed and ability of atoxigenic strains to inhibit the growth of toxigenic strains were also determined. The results showed that 50% of the strains have at least one of the genes sought and the percentages of inhibition (PI) of the atoxinogenic strains varied significantly from 16.98% to 62.50% at the threshold of 5% according to the Tukey test (p-value = 0.0000136). The mycelial growth speed (VCM) of the atoxinogenic strains varied from 7.5 to 10 mm/day with an average VCM of 8.4 ± 0.05 mm/day. Strains AKA-10; AGA-8; AMAN-35; ABA-28 and AGA-46 were found to be more effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of toxigenic strains.
Isolation and molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains obtained from different habitats in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tarekegn Molaligne Medfu , Teferra Mekash
Published: March 2023

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.) is ubiquitous, a gram-positive and spore-forming bacterium found in natural habitats everywhere in the world. For this study, Bt. has been isolated and characterized using a variety of techniques. Twenty-one strains showed positive results for the four sets of primers including, cry1, cry2, cry3, and cry9 genes. The PCR amplified results cry1 (33.3%) were most abundant among the tested cry-type genes next to cry9 (25%), cry2 (16.6%), and cry3 (12.5%), respectively. Three strains did not amplify. Twenty-four Bt. isolates were tested for the bioassay with a third-instar diamondback moth. The mortality of this insect was not shown after treatment for 24h. However, after 48 and 72h showed 20-61% and 20-79% mortality, respectively. The four Bt. strains tested against diamondback moth larvae showed no insecticidal activity. Therefore, the isolates in this study were promising for bio-insecticidal properties for diamondback moth and plant pest control programs.
Impact of unconventional Ω-3 sources on cognitive development: A nexus to explore for future brains
Authors: Nazir Fahid , Zahid Hamza
Published: March 2023

A diet opulent in unsaturated fatty acids can influence children's brain health. The purpose of the current review was to evaluate the effect of Ω-3 rich food on children's cognition and brain development. The incidence of dementia in Pakistan and the world is escalating. Therefore, it is necessary to improve children's brain development. For a long time, it has been known that the comparative quantity of certain dietary nutrients is required for cognition and emotional functions in humans. It has been described that the stimulus of nutritional factors on synaptic plasticity and neuronal function has discovered a few of the key mechanisms which are accountable for the act of nutrients on mental function and health. Different gut hormones produced in the brain or that can move into the brain affect cognitive performance. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor acts as metabolic modulators and influences food intake in human. Flax seed, chia seed, and walnut are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which directly impact brain development and cognition. Diet influences cognition, due to which manipulation in diet can improve memory and enhance the neurons' resistance against memory loss.
Examination of the transfer of certain elements that are of importance to human health and wine quality in bentonite-model solution system
Authors: Bakardzhiyski Ivan Chenkov , Mladenova Elisaveta , Tagareva Silviya
Published: March 2023

This scientific research includes sixteen of the most common bentonites on Bulgarian market, which are used by Bulgarian wine cellars in order to achieve colloidal stability of wines. There are bentonites with different composition: sodium, calcium, sodium-calcium, activated calcium, as well as mixtures between natural calcium and activated calcium. Their capacity to transfer elements from and to a model solution with wine parameters have been investigated. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flame atomic emission spectrometry (FAES) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) techniques have been used. The selected elements, which are subject to this study, are important for human health as well as for the stability of wine clarity.
Changes in the protein profile of beers with bilberry
Authors: Bakardzhiyski Ivan Chenkov , Nedyalkov Petar , Kaneva Maria
Published: March 2023

In the present study, beers with an original extract 12°P, 14°P and 16°P were obtained. During the maturation process, on different stages, bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from Bulgaria were added. Changes in the protein profile of the beers were investigated, as well as the influence of these changes on the body in the mouthfeel and the head retention of the resulting beers. The electrophoretic analysis of the proteins was performed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method. The sensory evaluation of the beer’s body and head retention was conducted by a trained five-membered testing panel. It was found that independently of the original extract, the bilberry addition led to a significant reduction of the protein concentration and the number of protein fractions. Beers with bilberry addition contained between 74% and 94% less protein, than control beers. The number of protein fractions decreased from 10 in the control beers to 4–6 in the beers with bilberry. The fractions with molecular weight 31 kDa and below 14 kDa were the most stable to the bilberry addition. Their part in the beers with bilberry remained the highest. Despite of the significant changes in the protein profiles, the beers with bilberry had very good mouthfeel body and head retention.
The role of food in the spread of the Methicillin – resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Krumova-Valcheva Gergana Lyubomirova
Published: March 2023

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are important human pathogen. It is present in a wide range of animal species (pigs, cows, sheep, and chickens) even in healthy animals. Identification of MRSA in foods has led to concerns about the role of livestock in the epidemiology of MRSA infections in human. This review focuses on the spread of MRSA in different types of food and its antimicrobial resistance to the most widely used antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine. The results of review indicates that livestock is major source of MRSA in humans and mainly transmitted to humans through contaminated food. The actual prevalence of MRSA in animals and food as well as impact to the human health is not well understood. It is clearly that MRSA is an important pathogen to veterinary medicine and human health which requires more and in-depth research to understand the hazard and take effective measures to limit it.
Study of the influence of the type of higher nervous activity on the secretion of organic components of milk
Authors: Golovan Valentin T. , Yurin Denis A. , Gneush Anna N. , Machneva Nadezhda L. , Maxim Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of the type of higher nervous activity (HNA) on the secretion of organic components of milk in various milking conditions. Under the influence of the unconditioned stimulus "inadequate udder preparation" in the milk of machine milk in cows in the morning milking: I HNA type - secretion and percentage of milk fat and the ratio of percentage of fat to percentage of lactose decreases, while in all other types there is a decrease in the percentage of fat and protein. In the unbalanced (II) type, the average duration of the milk flow cycle decreases; in the inert (III) and weak (IV) type, the concentration of fat and lactose decreases, and the ratio of fat to lactose in the latter. It is advisable to characterize the stress resistance of animals based on knowledge of their types of HNA. At the same time, the complexity of their determination by known methods should be noted. In dairy farming, it is necessary to provide for the presence of all types of HNA among the cows and take into account their individual characteristics in terms of resistance to stress, the level of milk production and milk yield. It is recommended to apply the model of dairy cows developed by us to objectively determine the type of their stress resistance in production conditions. The presented patterns of changes in the secretory function of the mammary gland under the influence of tested stress factors on dairy cows of different types of higher nervous activity should be used to develop express methods for determining the types of stress resistance in animals and completing the herds of dairy farms.
Comparative study between Kashkaval from raw milk and chilled curd
Authors: Ivanova Mihaela , Dessev Tzvetelin , Dinkov Kolyo , Dimitrova-Dicheva Milena , Menkov Nikolay , Bogdanova Ekaterina
Published: March 2023

The influence of chilled curd on Kashkaval cheese microbiological, functional, textural and sensorial characteristics was studied. It was found that salting the curd in a hot solution influenced to a greater degree the microflora reduction from the starter culture in Kashkaval cheese obtained from fresh curd. In terms of species composition, Streptococcus ssp. had a higher survival rate compared to Lactobacillus ssp. During maturation, this trend changed and the number of Lactobacillus ssp. increased, while that of Streptococcus ssp. remained constant and even slightly decreased in both studied samples. Melting and textural characteristics of the two studied cheese samples did not differ significantly at the end of the maturation process. The overall scores of the sensory profile were higher in the cheese obtained from fresh curd but no statistical differences (p>0.05) between separate sensory indices were established. The obtained results indicated that “Cagliata” can be successfully used as an alternative raw material for fresh curd in the production of Kashkaval cheese.