bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lumbar bone mineral density in Chinese: a large cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Yongbing , Qi Xin , Wang Xuan , Lin Xinbei , Zhou Yang , Du Yawei , Liu Ao , Lv Xue , Zhou Jing , Li Zhonglin , Wu Xiaoling , Zou Zhi , Zhang Michael , Zhu Jiadong , Shang Feifei , Li Yongli , Li Hao
Published: January 2024

Background

The association between lipid and bone metabolism, particularly the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in regulating bone mineral density (BMD), is of significant interest. Despite numerous studies, findings on this relationship remain inconclusive, especially since evidence from large, sexually diverse Chinese populations is sparse. This study, therefore, investigates the correlation between HDL-C and lumbar BMD in people of different genders using extensive population-based data from physical examinations conducted in China.

Methods

Data from a cross-sectional survey involving 20,351 individuals aged > = 20 years drawn from medical records of health check-ups at the Health Management Centre of the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital formed the basis of this study. The primary objective was to determine the correlation between HDL-C levels and lumbar BMD across genders. The analysis methodology included demographic data analysis, one-way ANOVA, subgroup analyses, multifactorial regression equations, smoothed curve fitting, and threshold and saturation effect analyses.

Results

Multifactorial regression analysis revealed a significant inverse relationship between HDL-C levels and lumbar BMD in both sexes, controlling for potential confounders (Male: β = -8.77, 95% CI -11.65 to -5.88, P < 0.001; Female: β = -4.77, 95% CI -8.63 to -0.90, P = 0.015). Subgroup and threshold saturation effect analyses indicated a stronger association in males, showing that increased HDL-C correlates with reduced lumbar BMD irrespective of age and body mass index (BMI). The most significant effect was observed in males with BMI > 28 kg/m2 and HDL-C > 1.45 mmol/L and in females with a BMI between 24 and 28 kg/m2.

Conclusion

Elevated HDL-C is associated with decreased bone mass, particularly in obese males. These findings indicate that individuals with high HDL-C levels should receive careful clinical monitoring to mitigate osteoporosis risk.

Trial registration

The research protocol received ethics approval from the Ethics Committee at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, in conformity with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines (No. 2015-12-02). These data are a contribution of the China Health Quantitative CT Big Data Research team, registered at clinicaltrials.gov (code: NCT03699228).
Retention of the highly educated migrants: from the perspective of urban e-service capability
Authors: Zhaoyuan Fan , Xiaofeng Liu
Published: January 2024

Background

Talent is a crucial resource for economic and social development, serving as the driving force behind urban progress. As China experiences rapid growth in digital city construction, the capability of e-services continues to improve incessantly. In China, the new-generation highly educated migrants (NGHEMs) account for ~ 20–30% of the total floating populations. This study aimed to explore the settlement intention of new-generation highly educated migrations in China from the new perspective of urban e-service capabilities. Furthermore, the mechanism of the urban e-services on the settlement intention on the NGHEMs will be proved.

Methods

This paper employed data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2017 and Evaluation Report of Government E-service Capability Index (2017). Descriptive analyses were conducted to investigate the factors influencing the settlement intention of NGHEMs in the destination city. Based on the principle of utility maximization, LASSO regression was employed to select individual and city characteristics that determined the settlement intention of NGHEMs. The impact of urban e-services on settlement intention was analyzed by using ordinal logit model. Additionally, robustness check, endogeneity analysis, and heterogeneity analysis were performed to validate the benchmark regression results. Finally, mediation model was employed to examine whether urban e-services enhance the settlement intention of NGHEMs by improving urban livability and urban innovation.

Results

The results indicate that the urban e-services promote the NGHEMs’ settlement intention in the destination cities. Moreover, the results are still robust through a series of robustness tests. Furthermore, from the perspective of individual and regional heterogeneity, urban e-services significantly enhances the settlement intention of NGHEMs with male and female, married and urban household registration, and urban e-services can promote the settlement intention of NGHEMs with over 3 million inhabitants and those in the eastern regions of China. Finally, the intermediary effect test shows that urban e-services promote the settlement intention of NGHEMs through urban livability and urban innovation.

Conclusion

This study highlights the important impact of urban e-services on the settlement intention of new-generation highly educated migrants. The conclusions of this study provide suggestions for the government to use when designing policies to enhance the settlement intention of the NGHEMs and to improve the development of urban e-services.
Cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in patients with platinum-pretreated, recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Nie Jing , Wu Huina , Wu Qian , Liu Lihui , Tang Ke , Wang Shuo , Wu Jiyong
Published: January 2024

Background

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, pembrolizumab, is a promising drug for platinum-pretreated, recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab compared with chemotherapy for Chinese patients in this NPC.

Methods

The cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy was evaluated using a partitioned survival model with a 5-year boundary. Efficacy and toxicity data were derived from the KEYNOTE-122 trials. Economic indicators including life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and lifetime cost were used. One-way analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were performed to explore the uncertainties. Additionally, various scenario analyses, including different pembrolizumab price calculations and discount rates were performed.

Results

Pembrolizumab or chemotherapy alone respectively yielded 2.82 QALYs (3.96 LYs) and 2.73 QALYs (3.93 LYs) with an ICER of $422,535 per QALYs ($1,232,547 per LYs). This model was primarily influenced by the price of pembrolizumab. Furthermore, PSA indicated that pembrolizumab had none probability of being cost-effective compared with chemotherapy at a willingness-to- pay (WTP) of $38223. Scenario analyses revealed that irrespective of any potential price reduction or adjustments in the discount rate, no discernible impact on the ultimate outcome was observed.

Conclusion

Pembrolizumab was less cost-effective for patients with platinum-pretreated, recurrent or metastatic NPC compared with chemotherapy in China.
Asthma prediction via affinity graph enhanced classifier: a machine learning approach based on routine blood biomarkers
Authors: Li Dejing , Abhadiomhen Stanley Ebhohimhen , Zhou Dongmei , Shen Xiang-Jun , Shi Lei , Cui Yubao
Published: January 2024

Background

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease affecting millions of people worldwide, but early detection can be challenging due to the time-consuming nature of the traditional technique. Machine learning has shown great potential in the prompt prediction of asthma. However, because of the inherent complexity of asthma-related patterns, current models often fail to capture the correlation between data samples, limiting their accuracy. Our objective was to use our novel model to address the above problem via an Affinity Graph Enhanced Classifier (AGEC) to improve predictive accuracy.

Methods

The clinical dataset used in this study consisted of 152 samples, where 24 routine blood markers were extracted as features to participate in the classification due to their ease of sourcing and relevance to asthma. Specifically, our model begins by constructing a projection matrix to reduce the dimensionality of the feature space while preserving the most discriminative features. Simultaneously, an affinity graph is learned through the resulting subspace to capture the internal relationship between samples better. Leveraging domain knowledge from the affinity graph, a new classifier (AGEC) is introduced for asthma prediction. AGEC’s performance was compared with five state-of-the-art predictive models.

Results

Experimental findings reveal the superior predictive capabilities of AGEC in asthma prediction. AGEC achieved an accuracy of 72.50%, surpassing FWAdaBoost (61.02%), MLFE (60.98%), SVR (64.01%), SVM (69.80%) and ERM (68.40%). These results provide evidence that capturing the correlation between samples can enhance the accuracy of asthma prediction. Moreover, the obtained $$p$$
p
values also suggest that the differences between our model and other models are statistically significant, and the effect of our model does not exist by chance.

Conclusion

As observed from the experimental results, advanced statistical machine learning approaches such as AGEC can enable accurate diagnosis of asthma. This finding holds promising implications for improving asthma management.
Sulforaphane (Sul) reduces renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) by controlling the inflammation and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Ziqing , He Wen , Shi Weiwu
Published: January 2024

All chronic renal disorders eventually lead to renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). Chronic inflammation and pro-fibrotic substances are familiar companions of the fibrotic process. The Sulforaphane (Sul) molecule is particularly useful in protecting the liver from oxidative damage. To investigate the Sul effects on fibrosis markers and inflammatory proteins in the kidney of NRK52E cell line and rats and clarify the mechanism of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in a rat model of RIF were developed in the present study. Sul (50, 100, and 200 ng/ml) remarkably reduced the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin (IL)-1β, collagen 3 (COL3A1), collagen 1 (COL1A1), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in fibrotic NRK52E cells compared with those in cells inspired by transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α). Histopathological investigations showed that Sul administration retained renal tissue structure and decreased kidney tissue fibrosis in rats subjected to unilateral ureteral blockage (UUO). The expression level of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COL3A1, COL1A1, and α-SMA in the rats’ kidneys exposed to UUO was also suppressed by the treatment of Sul. In the present study, western blot analysis showed that Sul upregulated the expressions of fibrotic NRK52E cells Smad7 and rat model UUO groups while simultaneously decreasing the stimulation of Smad2/3 and the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2, NF-κB, Smad4, activator protein-1, and high-mobility group protein B1. Ultimately, Sul’s ability to inhibit the TGF-β/Smad pathway and the development of inflammation factors may mitigate RIF.
Impact of maternal depression on malnutrition treatment outcomes in older children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Ritter Claire , Abdullahi Shehu U. , Gambo Safiya , Murtala Hassan Adam , Kabir Halima , Shamsu Khadija A. , Gwarzo Garba , Banaei Yasmin , Acra Sari A. , Stallings Virginia A. , Rodeghier Mark , DeBaun Michael R. , Klein Lauren J.
Published: January 2024

Background

Malnutrition and sickle cell anemia (SCA) result in high childhood mortality rates. Although maternal depression is an established risk factor for malnutrition in younger children, little is known about its impact on treatment response in children with malnutrition. We aimed to determine the relationship, if any, between maternal depression scores and malnutrition treatment outcomes in older children with SCA.

Methods

We conducted a planned ancillary study to our randomized controlled feasibility trial for managing severe acute malnutrition in children aged 5–12 with SCA in northern Nigeria (NCT03634488). Mothers of participants completed a depression screen using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).We used a multivariable linear regression model to describe the relationship between the baseline maternal PHQ-9 score and the trial participant’s final body mass index (BMI) z-score.

Results

Out of 108 mother-child dyads, 101 with maternal baseline PHQ-9 scores were eligible for inclusion in this analysis. At baseline, 25.7% of mothers (26 of 101) screened positive for at least mild depression (PHQ-9 score of 5 or above). The baseline maternal PHQ-9 score was negatively associated with the child’s BMI z-score after 12 weeks of malnutrition treatment (β=-0.045, p = 0.041).

Conclusions

Maternal depressive symptoms has an impact on malnutrition treatment outcomes. Treatment of malnutrition in older children with sickle cell anemia should include screening for maternal depression and, if indicated, appropriate maternal referral for depression evaluation and treatment.

Trial Registration

The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03634488) on January 30, 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03634488.
Effect of COVID-19 on peripheral and central hearing abilities
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rohit , Upadhya Sushmitha S. , Prabhu Prashanth
Published: January 2024

Background

COVID-19 has caused various implications on physical and mental health of human beings. It included several symptoms involving the auditory vestibular system. This study aims to investigate the impact of active COVID-19 infection on central and peripheral auditory pathways.

Method

Two groups of subjects were involved in the research: Group I consisted of 45 individuals with no history of COVID-19, while Group II included 41 individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19 through RT-PCR testing.

The audiological battery used in this study included Pure tone audiometry, Digit in Noise test, Dichotic CV test, and Pitch pattern test, all of which were administered online. Testing was conducted in two phases for both groups. Phase 1 testing took place within the first 7 days of a positive RT-PCR result, while Phase 2 testing occurred within a week of a negative RT-PCR test. Additionally, participants completed a questionnaire to provide information on general health conditions and their otological symptoms.

Results

The results from Phase 1 testing revealed that Group II exhibited statistically lower scores in all the audiological tests compared to Group I (control group). However, during Phase 2 testing, this significant difference was no longer observed between both groups.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the audiological pathway was compromised during the active infection stage of COVID-19. Therefore, this study highlights changes in performance concerning tests that assess the central auditory system during the infection period.

Trial registration

SH/IRB/RP/24. Registered 12 January 2021.
Hyperglycemia in Hospital: An Independent Marker of Infection, Acute Kidney Injury, and Stroke for Hospital Inpatients
Authors: Barmanray Rahul D , Kyi Mervyn , Worth Leon J , Colman Peter G , Churilov Leonid , Fazio Timothy N , Rayman Gerry , Gonzalez Vicky , Hall Candice , Fourlanos Spiros
Published: January 2024

Context

Hyperglycemia in hospital inpatients without pre-existing diabetes is associated with increased mortality. However, the independent contribution of hyperglycemia to health care–associated infection (HAI), acute kidney injury (AKI), and stroke is unclear.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between hyperglycemia and adverse clinical outcomes in hospital for patients with and without diabetes.

Methods

Diabetes IN-hospital: Glucose and Outcomes (DINGO) was a 26-week (October 2019-March 2020) prospective cohort study. Clinical and glucose data were collected up to the 14th day of admission. Primary stratification was by hyperglycemia, defined as ≥2 random capillary blood glucose (BG) measurements ≥11.1 mmol/L (≥200 mg/dL). Propensity weighting for 9 clinical characteristics was performed to allow interrogation of causality. To maintain the positivity assumption, patients with HbA1c >12.0% were excluded and prehospital treatment not adjusted for. The setting was the Royal Melbourne Hospital, a quaternary referral hospital in Melbourne, Australia. Admissions with at least 2 capillary glucose values and length of stay >24 hours were eligible, with half randomly sampled. Outcome measures were HAI, AKI, stroke, and mortality.

Results

Of 2558 included admissions, 1147 (45%) experienced hyperglycemia in hospital. Following propensity-weighting and adjustment, hyperglycemia in hospital was found to, independently of 9 covariables, contribute an increased risk of in-hospital HAI (130 [11.3%] vs 100 [7.1%], adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05, P = .003), AKI (120 [10.5%] vs 59 [4.2%], aOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.09, P < .001), and stroke (10 [0.9%] vs 1 [0.1%], aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06, P < .001).

Conclusion

In hospital inpatients (HbA1c ≤12.0%), irrespective of diabetes status and prehospital glycemia, hyperglycemia increases the risk of in-hospital HAI, AKI, and stroke compared with those not experiencing hyperglycemia.
filoVision – using deep learning and tip markers to automate filopodia analysis
Authors: Eddington Casey , Schwartz Jessica K. , Titus Margaret A.
Published: January 2024

Filopodia are slender, actin-filled membrane projections used by various cell types for environment exploration. Analyzing filopodia often involves visualizing them using actin, filopodia tip or membrane markers. Due to the diversity of cell types that extend filopodia, from amoeboid to mammalian, it can be challenging for some to find a reliable filopodia analysis workflow suited for their cell type and preferred visualization method. The lack of an automated workflow capable of analyzing amoeboid filopodia with only a filopodia tip label prompted the development of filoVision. filoVision is an adaptable deep learning platform featuring the tools filoTips and filoSkeleton. filoTips labels filopodia tips and the cytosol using a single tip marker, allowing information extraction without actin or membrane markers. In contrast, filoSkeleton combines tip marker signals with actin labeling for a more comprehensive analysis of filopodia shafts in addition to tip protein analysis. The ZeroCostDL4Mic deep learning framework facilitates accessibility and customization for different datasets and cell types, making filoVision a flexible tool for automated analysis of tip-marked filopodia across various cell types and user data.
Development of perovskite microcavities exhibiting strong light matter coupling and Rashba-Dresselhaus effects at room temperature
Authors: Μαυροτσουπάκης Εμμανουήλ
Published: January 2024

Τα τελευταία χρόνια υπάρχει αυξημένο ενδιαφέρον για τη δημιουργία τεχνητών πεδίων αλληλεπίδρασης στη φυσική. Ένα συνθετικό πεδίο αλληλεπίδρασης δημιουργείται με την προσαρμογή συγκεκριμένων συνθηκών, έτσι ώστε κάποια ποσότητα ουδέτερων σωματιδίων να μιμείται τη δυναμική των φορτισμένων σωματιδίων σε ένα μαγνητικό πεδίο. Στη φυσική της συμπυκνωμένης ύλης, η αλληλεπίδραση τροχιάς-σπιν, μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί για να επηρεάσει την κίνηση των ηλεκτρονίων μέσω ενός υποθετικού μαγνητικού πεδίου. Σε κρυστάλλους και ετεροδομές που δεν έχουν συμμετρία αναστροφής, τα ηλεκτρόνια αισθάνονται την επίδραση συζεύξεων τροχιάς-σπιν που ονομάζονται Dresselhaus και Rashba και συνήθως συνδυάζονται μαζί για να περιγράψουν τη δυναμική τους. Τα πεδία αλληλεπίδρασης λόγω σύζευξης τροχιάς-σπιν (SOC) παίζουν κεντρικό ρόλο σε μια σειρά από συναρπαστικά φαινόμενα, που περιγράφονται με ακρίβεια τοπολογικά, όπου έννοιες όπως η φάση και καμπυλότητα Berry εισέρχονται στη Χαμιλτονιανή του συστήματος, παίρνοντας το ρόλο ενός υποθετικού μαγνητικού πεδίου. Σε αυτή τη διατριβή, δημιουργούμε ένα τεχνητό πεδίο αλληλεπίδρασης για το φως σε επίπεδες DBR μικροκοιλότητες που περιέχουν κρυστάλλους περοβσκίτη. Οι περοβσκιτικοί κρύσταλλοι είναι γνωστοί για την τεράστια εξιτονική τους ενέργεια δέσμευσης και την ισχυρή εκπομπή τους. Είναι επίσης υλικά υψηλής ανισοτροπίας που διαθέτουν μεγάλη γραμμική διπλή διάθλαση. Αξιοποιώντας αυτές τις ιδιότητες και χρησιμοποιώντας μια νέα τεχνική κατασκευής, επιτυγχάνουμε την παρατήρηση ισχυρής σύζευξης φωτός-ύλης μεταξύ οπτικών τρόπων ταλάντωσης της κοιλότητας και εξιτονίων περοβσκίτη σε θερμοκρασία δωματίου. Επιπλέον, ο συνδυασμός του πολωτικού διαχωρισμού TE-TM και της ανισοτροπίας του υλικού οδηγεί στην αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ των φωτονικών και πολαριτονικών καταστάσεων, δημιουργώντας χαρακτηριστικής υφής Rashba-Dresselhaus φαινόμενα με την εμφάνιση ενός υποθετικού μαγνητικού πεδίου και μη μηδενικής καμπυλότητας Berry. Αυτά τα φαινόμενα περιγράφονται από μια Χαμιλτονινή που εξάχθηκε για ένα γενικό διπλοδιαθλαστικό υλικό μέσα σε μια μικροκοιλότητα και μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για το σχεδιασμό τεχνητών πεδίων αλληλεπίδρασης για το φως σε πολαριτονικά συστήματα με το περαιτέρω πλεονέκτημα της εκπομπής λέιζερ σε θερμοκρασία δωματίου.
ARTIFICIAL LANGUAGE «NADSAT» IN THE RUSSIAN, FRENCH AND CHINESE LANGUAGES
Authors: Kapitonova Nina S. , Sadovnikova Margarita N. , Rudometova Anastasia Y.
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the translation of the artificial language «nadsat» in the novel A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess. A sci-fi novel written in 1962 and set in a near-dystopian future, A Clockwork Orange revolves around a violent youth subculture and, in particular, 15-year-old delinquent Alex and his friends. Based on the predilection of young people for the creation and use of informal words and slang, the author of the novel, British linguist and writer A. Burgess, uses fictitious vocabulary, i.e., the artificial language «nadsat». The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the problem of understanding and correct interpretation of words in fictional and artificial languages has not been sufficiently studied.

The purpose of the study is to identify common features of the translation of the artificial language «nadsat» from English into Russian, French and Chinese.

The research methods are method of theoretical analysis translation analysis of the text from the original language into Russian, French and Chinese.

The results of the study showed that an adequate translation of «Nadsat» will help the reader understand the main idea expressed by the author of the novel.
SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION AND MANIFESTATION OF TRADITIONAL VALUES IN THE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT OF AN ORGANIZATION
Authors: Ryabova T. , Naumchev Il'ya
Published: January 2024

Today, the costs of professional assistance are implemented in the incentive system of various organizations — a topical issue of modern research. For most of the life we spend at work, and what values will be raised and encouraged in employees, we must directly take care of the leadership of the organization. Subject of the study — manifestation of traditional values in personnel management through the prism of the developed incentive system.

The study was conducted in order to identify the specifics of approaches to the formation of employee motivation and the role of the incentive system in the manifestation of traditional values among employees of the organization.

Research methods: in the course of the study, diagnostics was carried out, in which 8 heads of construction industry enterprises involved in the formation of the incentive system took part. 32 ordinary employees of these organizations were also interviewed by the method of questioning. The authors used a statistical method for determining Pearson’s chi-square test. The study was based on theoretical conclusions obtained as a result of the analysis of Internet sources and scientific works of domestic and foreign authors studying incentive systems at the enterprise, as well as the role of traditional values in the process of working with personnel and their motivation.

Scientific novelty and conclusions:

According to the study the study revealed the need to stimulate employees, confirmed the relevance in identifying traditional values, their relationship with the motivation of employees. The hypothesis about the influence of leadership style on the incentive system and, at the same time, the influence of the incentive system on the manifestation of certain traditional values among employees has been confirmed. Conclusion are drawn about the need to pay more attention to the correspondence of traditional values of employers to potential candidates for enterprises and to create a model for the conformity of leadership styles that reveal or suppress traditional values in employees.

Area of application: The conducted research and results are a useful resource for public authorities, local governments, as well as organizations of any format.
MANAGING AN ORGANIZATION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PHENOMENON OF WORKAHOLISM
Authors: Minchenkova O. , Fedorov A. , Minchenkova A. , Fedorova N.
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on the phenomenon of workaholism, the balance between work and personal life. The authors highlight the problems of workaholism and emphasize their importance for human resource management in a modern organization. The article defines workaholism as an irresistible inner urge to work excessively hard. The article highlights two sides of a workaholic — a strong inner desire for work and its diligent performance, characterizes workaholics with reference to the symptoms and results of a lack of balance between personal and professional life, describes the advantages and barriers that arise as a result of work-life balance. The article assesses the negative consequences of workaholism, which include difficulties with physical and psychological health, increased stress at work and various problems associated with work performance.
Equivalencias entre los indicadores de la herramienta SELFIE y el marco DigCompEdu a partir de la técnica Delphi
Authors: Munar Garau Jacoba , Oceja Jorge , Salinas Ibáñez Jesús
Published: January 2024

SELFIE es una de las herramientas más populares para determinar la competencia digital de los centros educativos a partir de la información generada por equipos directivos, alumnos y docentes. Sin embargo, no existe información sobre en qué medida este instrumento y los informes que genera aportan información específica sobre la competencia digital de los docentes según las áreas e indicadores establecidos en DigCompEdu. A través de un Delphi modificado de dos rondas con 19 expertos, se intentó averiguar qué indicadores de la herramienta SELFIE (y en qué medida) se corresponden con los indicadores de DigCompEdu y qué relación existe entre las ocho áreas establecidas en SELFIE y las seis áreas del marco DigCompEdu. Los resultados revelan correspondencias entre los indicadores, especialmente en áreas como la enseñanza y la evaluación. Además, demuestra que las áreas de ambos modelos están interrelacionadas, lo que sugiere que los datos generados a través de la herramienta SELFIE aportan información sobre la competencia digital específica de los docentes de un centro. El texto aboga por continuar localizando y diseñando instrumentos que puedan medir la competencia digital de centros y docentes de una manera válida y rigurosa.
El camino hacia el reconocimiento de la diversidad sexogenérica en Málaga:: memoria democrática, cambios sociales, visibilidades y exclusiones.
Authors: Puche Cabezas Luis
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se plantean algunas claves tanto socioculturales como históricas, geográficas, económicas y socioespaciales para entender el lugar que ocupa a día de hoy Málaga en relación con la diversidad sexual y de género. A partir de una investigación de carácter eminentemente cualitativo y desde el enfoque de la antropología de orientación pública, se traza el camino recorrido por la ciudad de Málaga y su vecina Torremolinos desde los años del tardofranquismo - en los que se convirtieron en un núcleo decisivo de innovaciones sociosexuales - hasta la actualidad. En este arco temporal, la visibilidad y la presencia pública de las personas hoy denominadas LGBT+ no han hecho más que crecer. Sin embargo, han estado lastradas por las asimetrías de género y caracterizadas por un fuerte protagonismo masculino que, poco a poco, va dejando paso en los últimos años a la conquista de la visibilidad pública por parte de las mujeres y de las personas que no encajan en los modelos normativos de masculinidad y de feminidad. Estos avances han corrido en paralelo de exclusiones, violencias y vulnerabilidades sociales interseccionales que siguen afectando a determinados sectores de la población y que marcan el camino futuro por recorrer
Femininos
Authors: Barroso Trindade Helena Maria
Published: January 2024

Ensaio visual em torno de alguns aspectos do feminino.
Para todos os garotos que não me amei
Authors: Bittencourt Mauricio
Published: January 2024

Para todos os garotos que não me amei é inspirado no filme “Para todos os garotos que já amei” onde a protagonista tem cartas entregues aos amores. Em contramão no meu trabalho temos uma série de 8 cartões postais, com frases de recusa, que refletem a falta de possibilidade de afetos em muitas adolescências LGBTQIA+. Palavras-chaves: Arte Palavra, Arte Postal, Arte Queer
Sciatica in primary care – a case discussion
Authors: Johnson Cheryl , Mortimore Gerri
Published: January 2024

It is thought that more than half of adults will experience back pain in their life, and practice nurses will often be the first practitioners consulted. Cheryl Johnson and Gerri Mortimore explain what nurses need to know when they encounter this common complaint.

Back pain is a common problem encountered in practice. It is estimated that 60% of the adult population experience low back pain throughout their lifetime ( Campbell and Colvin, 2013 ) that over 80% of the population will report low back pain throughout their lifetime (Walker, 2000) with between 13–40% developing sciatica ( NICE, 2022 ). This article will discuss a case study who presented to a community trainee enhanced clinical practitioner (tECP) with symptoms of lumbar radiculopathy. and After clinical examination and further tests a diagnosis of acute sciatica was given. This article will explore how the history taking, clinical examination and special tests led to this diagnosis. Moreover, it will examine the underlying evidence underpinning the examination and tests undertaken.
Readmission to a non-index hospital following total joint replacement
Authors: Shawon Md S. R. , Jin Xingzhong , Hanly Mark , de Steiger Richard , Harris Ian , Jorm Louisa
Published: January 2024

Aims

It is unclear whether mortality outcomes differ for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery who are readmitted to the index hospital where their surgery was performed, or to another hospital.

Methods

We analyzed linked hospital and death records for residents of New South Wales, Australia, aged ≥ 18 years who had an emergency readmission within 90 days following THA or TKA surgery between 2003 and 2022. Multivariable modelling was used to identify factors associated with non-index readmission and to evaluate associations of readmission destination (non-index vs index) with 90-day and one-year mortality.

Results

Of 394,248 joint arthroplasty patients (THA = 149,456; TKA = 244,792), 9.5% (n = 37,431) were readmitted within 90 days, and 53.7% of these were admitted to a non-index hospital. Non-index readmission was more prevalent among patients who underwent surgery in private hospitals (60%). Patients who were readmitted for non-orthopaedic conditions (62.8%), were more likely to return to a non-index hospital compared to those readmitted for orthopaedic complications (39.5%). Factors associated with non-index readmission included older age, higher socioeconomic status, private health insurance, and residence in a rural or remote area. Non-index readmission was significantly associated with 90-day (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39 to 2.05) and one-year mortality (aOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.47). Associations between non-index readmission and mortality were similar for patients readmitted with orthopaedic and non-orthopaedic complications (90-day mortality aOR 1.61; 95% CI 0.98 to 2.64, and aOR 1.67; 95% CI 1.35 to 2.06, respectively).

Conclusion

Non-index readmission was associated with increased mortality, irrespective of whether the readmission was for orthopaedic complications or other conditions.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(1):60–68.
3D-Printed Spine Models for Planning Staged Minimally Invasive Transverse Process Resections for Bertolotti Syndrome: Technical Note
Authors:   The University of Texas Southwestern, Department of Neurosurgery, Caruso James P ,   5151 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235,, Adenwalla Ammar ,   The University of Texas Southwestern, Department of Neurosurgery; 5151 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235,, Venishetty Nikit ,   Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas., Al Tamimi Mazin ,   The University of Texas Southwestern, Department of Neurosurgery; 5151 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235,, Bagley Carlos A ,   Saint Luke’s Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute Department of Neurosurgery, 4401 Wornall Rd., Kansas City, MO 64111., Aoun Salah G ,   The University of Texas Southwestern, Department of Neurosurgery; 5151 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235,
Published: January 2024

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has enabled numerous advances in spine surgery execution and education. However, few examples exist to outline how this technology can aid the performance of complex spine surgery using minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques. Therefore, we present a case that illustrates the benefits of 3D-printed spine model production before and after correction of a case with Bertolotti Syndrome using a MIS approach. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman with Bertolotti syndrome underwent staged bilateral L6 MIS transverse process resection for the treatment of severe and progressive axial back pain which had repeatedly failed conservative management. 3D-printed spine models were used for pre- and post-operative surgical planning and patient counseling. Conclusion: 3D-printed spine models can aid in the planning of complex spine cases suited for a MIS approach. Keywords: 3D printing, anatomy, Bertolotti syndrome, minimally invasive, spine model.
Learning from obstetric violence in UK births at home: reaffirming and challenging current understanding of abuse during the maternity period
Authors: McKenzie Gemma
Published: January 2024

Current understanding and conceptualisations of obstetric violence typically focus on abuse carried out on pregnant women during births in medical facilities. However, data from an empirical study of freebirthing in the UK (intentionally giving birth without health care professionals present) inadvertently exposed examples of obstetric violence during births at home. This is an under-researched area and such empirical examples are rare. The article introduces the literature on obstetric violence, highlighting some of its limitations with regards to understanding the phenomenon within the home setting. Using archival examples, it also demonstrates how obstetric violence in the home is not a new phenomenon, thus problematising any presumption that this type of violence is rooted in the hospital as institution. Further, data from The Freebirth Study both reaffirms and challenges current understanding of obstetric violence, particularly around consent, the temporal nature of the abuse and the ways it can manifest. Finally, with recent moves towards legislating against obstetric violence, the article argues for legislative change to recognise abuse in the home.
Reseña del libro Márquez, E. (2022). 1969. L’Altra editorial, 534 pp.
Authors: Bonet Martí Jordi
Published: January 2024

Reseña de: Márquez, E. (2022). 1969. L’Altra editorial, 534 pp.
Derechos sexuales y reproductivos: tensiones y estado actual en Catalunya
Authors: Morero Beltrán Anna , González Prado Patricia
Published: January 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivo, en primer lugar, realizar un análisis del estado de la cuestión de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en Catalunya y en el ámbito comparado, a partir de la legislación y políticas públicas vigentes que garantizan directa o indirectamente estos derechos. Para ello se analizarán los principales instrumentos, y los más efectivos, para la garantía y protección de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos, que están vinculados a las herramientas jurídicas que utiliza el Estado en el desarrollo de estas políticas públicas. En segundo lugar, se abordará el caso concreto de la educación sexual y la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en Catalunya y a nivel comparado, y cómo sus vulneraciones constituyen una violencia machista institucional.
EN LA HUNGRÍA ESCLAVIZADA. LOS REPORTAJES DEL NO-DO ACERCA DE LA REVOLUCIÓN DE HUNGRÍA DE 1956
Authors: GERGŐ PATKÓS BENCE
Published: January 2024

La revolución del 23 de octubre de 1956 y el levantamiento armado posterior fue uno de los acontecimientos más importantes de la historia de Hungría en el siglo XX, que tuvo una repercusión internacional significativa también. El objetivo del estudio presente es investigar y analizar los reportajes del NO-DO sobre los sucesos políticos, bélicos y sociales y las diversas consecuencias de la revolución, y mediante ello destacar los elementos principales de la propaganda franquista en cuanto a la interpretación y presentación (sobre todo ideológica) de los acontecimientos. A través de la investigación podemos tener una visión más clara de cómo veía la España franquista a los países de la Europa del Este y lo sucedido en esta región, es decir, cómo la dictadura lo encajó en su cosmovisión, lo cual nos permite conocer y entender más profundamente el funcionamiento del régimen en el terreno de la ideología y de la propaganda.
UN NO-DO EN LA ÓPERA
Authors: DE ESPAÑA RENEDO RAFAEL
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se ha recopilado todos los reportajes del NO-DO vinculados al mundo de la lírica en sus diversos enfoques: cantantes, teatros, representaciones…, y de cada uno se ha elaborado un comentario crítico sobre la forma de presentarlo. La conclusión más inmediata es que el NO-DO… "no iba demasiado a la ópera", pero, una vez establecido esto, hemos intentado dilucidar la dinámica selectiva que pudo llevar a tan poca motivación en una larga serie de noticiarios en los que, al fin y al cabo, siempre había espacio para cualquier tema, independientemente de su mayor o menor popularidad.
DÍAZ, Marcos, La jauría americana. Cine e historia en el New Hollywood, Madrid, Editorial Fragua, 2023.
Authors: Jiménez González Xavier
Published: January 2024

Reseña libro
Enseñanza de la pronunciación del español para brasileños: una propuesta didáctico-metodológica
Authors: Alves Brandão Thaisa
Published: January 2024

Este artículo es parte de la investigación titulada La conciencia del componente fónico en la formación del profesorado brasileño de español/L2, realizada por Brandão (2022). Su objetivo era estimular la conciencia del componente fónico a través del curso de formación HablapuntoELE. En este trabajo, se presentará la implementación y la valoración del curso realizadas por la profesora investigadora y sus alumnos informantes, brasileños estudiantes de español. Con ello, se pretende mostrar las propuestas didáctico-metodológicas de enseñanza de la pronunciación que lograron mejores resultados y, a la vez, las que dificultaron el aprendizaje fónico de los brasileños. En su aspecto teórico, el artículo se adscribe al campo de la fonética contrastiva en el ámbito perceptivo y productivo para abordar la interfonología L1-L2 a nivel segmental, fundamentado principalmente en los trabajos de Flege (1991, 1995). A nivel suprasegmental, se apoya en los estudios de Gil (2007), Cantero y Mateo (2013), Fonseca de Oliveira y Cantero (2011), Fonseca de Oliveira (2013) y Devís (2017). En su aspecto metodológico, se concibe como una investigación-acción que se basa en los presupuestos de Latorre (2005).
Entonación y pragmática en conversaciones telefónicas: las preguntas absolutas en las variedades dominicana y puertorriqueña
Authors: Gomes da Silva Carolina , Oliveira dos Santos Mayra Suézia , do Nascimento Mikaellen Kawany , Ramos Brandão Safyra dy Carly
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación averigua la correlación entre forma prosódica y función pragmática de enunciados interrogativos absolutos caribeños de la República Dominicana y Puerto Rico, realizados a través de conversaciones telefónicas coloquiales. El objetivo general es describir la entonación de los enunciados interrogativos absolutos de las variedades dominicana y puertorriqueña. Metodológicamente, se han seleccionado dos conversaciones telefónicas, una dominicana y otra puertorriqueña, de 15 minutos cada una, y se han obtenido 53 enunciados. Pragmáticamente, se utilizaron las categorías de análisis de Gabriel (2018); acústicamente, se manejó el software de análisis del habla Praat (Boersma y Weenink, 1992-2022); y fonológicamente, se utilizó el modelo Sp_ToBI (Prieto y Roseano, 2018). En los resultados, el movimiento descendente, H+L*L%, fue mayoritario en República Dominicana, y el circunflejo, L+H*L%, fue más frecuente en Puerto Rico, confirmando los datos descritos para otros tipos de muestras orales (Armstrong, 2010; Willis, 2010). Se concluye señalando la importancia de realizar estudios fonológicos entonativos para ambas variedades.
Análisis multimodal de actos de habla en español del Paraguay y de Argentina
Authors: Dos Santos Figueiredo Natalia
Published: January 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que describe los rasgos entonativos de los actos de habla —pregunta y pedido—, producidos por hablantes de Asunción, en Paraguay, y de Buenos Aires, en Argentina. Consideramos para este estudio datos de audio y video de habla actuada experimental, lo que se configuró por la grabación de enunciados producidos por 2 hombres y 2 mujeres, con edades entre 20 y 35 años, originarios de las 2 ciudades investigadas. Para el análisis multimodal (Moraes et al., 2014), se llevó a cabo la descripción de elementos acústicos y visuales de los enunciados obtenidos, y se observó el contraste de las estrategias de cortesía utilizadas por los participantes de cada localidad, la variación de las curvas de F0 y de duración de sílabas, además de los movimientos faciales (Ekman et al., 2002). Los resultados demuestran que el análisis acústico no es suficiente para definir los rasgos específicos de los actos de habla directivos en esas variedades del español, debido a las diferentes configuraciones de tonemas encontrados en los enunciados analizados. Se hizo necesario recurrir a la combinación con la descripción visual, para describir las unidades de acción que acompañan la producción del acto de habla directivo.
Indigenous Philosophies of Land and Their Importance for Anticolonial Camaraderie
Authors: Guernsey Paul
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article argues that sustainable and robust Indigenous philosophies of land on Turtle Island predate colonial impact and are characterized by active regard for land as a relative, as a material or maternal provider, as a person, and as an origin of identity, ethics, and religion. These philosophies continue to inform political resistance to settler colonialism today of radical resurgence and decolonizing praxis. Conceptual and experiential linkages between Indigenous philosophies convey strong intercultural values characterized by dovetailing yet self-determined "systems of responsibilities," illuminating the ability of Indigenous nations to live prosperously alongside each other and unite against the common threat of colonialism. Understanding the independent legitimacy of Native worlds is an initial step to meaningful listening within intercultural philosophical contexts. For Western philosophical research, which often fails to center the significance of land as a philosophical concept , understanding the sophisticated nature of Indigenous philosophies of land is pivotal for disrupting practices that further erase Indigenous nations, peoples, thinkers, and worldviews and approaching the possibility of "meaningful solidarities" and camaraderie in decolonizing action and resistance.
Lensless opto-electronic neural network with quantum dot nonlinear activation
Authors: Shi Wanxin , Jiang Xi , Huang Zheng , Li Xue , Han Yuyang , Yang Sigang , Zhong Haizheng , Chen Hongwei
Published: January 2024

With the swift advancement of neural networks and their expanding applications in many fields, optical neural networks have gradually become a feasible alternative to electrical neural networks due to their parallelism, high speed, low latency, and power consumption. Nonetheless, optical nonlinearity is hard to realize in free-space optics, which restricts the potential of the architecture. To harness the benefits of optical parallelism while ensuring compatibility with natural light scenes, it becomes essential to implement two-dimensional spatial nonlinearity within an incoherent light environment. Here, we demonstrate a lensless opto-electrical neural network that incorporates optical nonlinearity, capable of performing convolution calculations and achieving nonlinear activation via a quantum dot film, all without an external power supply. Through simulation and experiments, the proposed nonlinear system can enhance the accuracy of image classification tasks, yielding a maximum improvement of 5.88% over linear models. The scheme shows a facile implementation of passive incoherent two-dimensional nonlinearities, paving the way for the applications of multilayer incoherent optical neural networks in the future.
Service delivery approaches related to hearing aids in low- and middle-income countries or resource-limited settings: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Dillard Lauren K. , Der Carolina M. , Laplante-Lévesque Ariane , Swanepoel De Wet , Thorne Peter R. , McPherson Bradley , de Andrade Victor , Newall John , Ramos Hubert D. , Kaspar Annette , Nieman Carrie L. , Clark Jackie L. , Chadha Shelly
Published: January 2024

Hearing loss is an important global public health issue which can be alleviated through treatment with hearing aids. However, most people who would benefit from hearing aids do not receive them, in part due to challenges in accessing hearing aids and related services, which are most salient in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and other resource-limited settings. Innovative approaches for hearing aid service delivery can overcome many of the challenges related to access, including that of limited human resources trained to provide ear and hearing care. The purpose of this systematic scoping review is to synthesize evidence on service delivery approaches for hearing aid provision in LMIC and resource-limited settings. We searched 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE) for peer-reviewed articles from 2000 to 2022 that focused on service delivery approaches related to hearing aids in LMIC or resource-limited settings. Fifteen peer-reviewed articles were included, which described hospital-based (3 studies), large-scale donation program (1 studies), community-based (7 studies), and remote (telehealth; 4 studies) service delivery approaches. Key findings are that hearing aid services can be successfully delivered in hospital- and community-based settings, and remotely, and that both qualified hearing care providers and trained non-specialists can provide quality hearing aid services. Service delivery approaches focused on community-based and remote care, and task sharing among qualified hearing care providers and trained non-specialists can likely improve access to hearing aids worldwide, thereby reducing the burden of untreated hearing loss.