bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of constructive television news reporting on prosocial intentions and behavior in children: The role of negative emotions and self-efficacy
Authors: van Venrooij Iris , Sachs Tobias , Kleemans Mariska
Published: May 2021

To reduce negative emotional responses and to stimulate prosociality, constructive journalism promotes the inclusion of positive emotions and solutions in news. This study experimentally tested whether including those elements indeed increased prosocial intentions and behavior among children, and whether negative emotions and self-efficacy are mediators in this regard. To this end, children (N = 468; 9 to 13 years old) were exposed to an emotion-based, solution-based, or non-constructive news video. Results showed that emotion-based and solution-based news reduced children’s negative emotions compared to non-constructive news. No direct effects for prosocial intentions were found, but solution-based news led to less prosocial behavior (i. e., money donated) than emotion-based and non-constructive news. Moreover, negative emotions served as a mediator, self-efficacy did not. The more negative emotions were elicited by a news story, the higher the prosocial intentions and behavior. In conclusion, a constructive style of reporting helps to reduce children’s negative emotional responses but subsequently hinders prosociality.
Chemically modified glycosaminoglycan derivatives as building blocks for biomaterial coatings and hydrogels
Authors: Schnabelrauch Matthias , Schiller Jürgen , Möller Stephanie , Scharnweber Dieter , Hintze Vera
Published: May 2021

Tissue regeneration is regulated by the cellular microenvironment, e.g. the extracellular matrix. Here, sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), are of vital importance interacting with mediator proteins and influencing their biological activity. Hence, they are promising candidates for controlling tissue regeneration. This review addresses recent achievements regarding chemically modified GAG as well as collagen/GAG-based coatings and hydrogels including (i) chemical functionalization strategies for native GAG, (ii) GAG-based biomaterial strategies for controlling cellular responses, (iii) (bio)chemical methods for characterization and iv) protein interaction profiles and attained tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo. The potential of GAG for bioinspired, functional biomaterials is highlighted.
Viral Theatre: Preliminary Thoughts on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Online Theatre
Authors: Liedke Heidi , Pietrzak-Franger Monika
Published: May 2021

Theatre has been associated with contagion and contagious emotions since Plato and Aristotle. In the twentieth century, Antonin Artaud proposed that theatre or performance should be like the plague that takes control of actors’ and spectators’ bodies and infects them with an affective energy. For these infections to happen, however, audiences and actors must be in the same room. In times of the corona pandemic, this spatial proximity has been substituted by theatre mostly performed and/or streamed online. This article offers some preliminary thoughts on this development: it considers what we descriptively call “viral theatre.” We argue that we currently witness a form of viral theatre that manifests itself through an interplay of three aspects: first, the fact that both performers and spectators are in a state of disruption, second, the willingness/expectations on the part of spectators to participate in the event, and, finally, the use of communication technologies such as Zoom. The framework of the pandemic, therefore, enhances and modifies what viral theatre can be and what kind of effect it can have, oscillating between more Platonic notions of dangerous contagion when plays force us to explore questions of complicity and the Aristotelian ideal of cathartic emotions when plays/performers reach out to us for moral support.
Data curation to improve the pattern recognition performance of B-cell epitope prediction by support vector machine
Authors: Lim Li Cen , Lim Yee Ying , Choong Yee Siew
Published: May 2021

B-cell epitope will be recognized and attached to the surface of receptors in B-lymphocytes to trigger immune response, thus are the vital elements in the field of epitope-based vaccine design, antibody production and therapeutic development. However, the experimental approaches in mapping epitopes are time consuming and costly. Computational prediction could offer an unbiased preliminary selection to reduce the number of epitopes for experimental validation. The deposited B-cell epitopes in the databases are those with experimentally determined positive/negative peptides and some are ambiguous resulted from different experimental methods. Prior to the development of B-cell epitope prediction module, the available dataset need to be handled with care. In this work, we first pre-processed the B-cell epitope dataset prior to B-cell epitopes prediction based on pattern recognition using support vector machine (SVM). By using only the absolute epitopes and non-epitopes, the datasets were classified into five categories of pathogen and worked on the 6-mers peptide sequences. The pre-processing of the datasets have improved the B-cell epitope prediction performance up to 99.1 % accuracy and showed significant improvement in cross validation results. It could be useful when incorporated with physicochemical propensity ranking in the future for the development of B-cell epitope prediction module.
The chaîne opératoire of Korenovo pottery: hybrid ceramics? Analysis of mixed Starčevo and Korenovo ceramic assemblages from Kapelica-Solarevac and Kaniška Iva (Central Croatia)
Authors: Spataro Michela , Težak-Gregl Tihomila , Burić Marcel
Published: May 2021

The chaîne opératoire of Neolithic Korenovo ceramics is poorly known, as hitherto potsherds from only three sites, Malo Korenovo, Tomašica in central Croatia, and Becsehely–Bukkaljai dűlő in Hungary have been analysed archaeometrically. Korenovo is considered the southernmost aspect of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK). In this paper, the ceramic assemblage from Kapelica-Solarevac and Kaniška Iva (Central Croatia) will be discussed. Kapelica-Solarevac and Kaniška Iva are the only two sites in which Starčevo and Korenovo ceramics have been found together in closed contexts. Twenty potsherds from the Kapelica-Solarevac and Kaniška Iva assemblages were analysed using polarised microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDX). In combination with equivalent data from 49 Korenovo ceramics from Tomašica and Malo Korenovo, the results offer an insight into the practices of Korenovo potters and show the lack of exchange of technological knowledge between Korenovo and LBK potters in Austria and central Transdanubia (Hungary). On the other hand, Korenovo potters seem to closely follow ceramic recipes typical of the neighbouring Vinča potters, suggesting Korenovo to be a hybrid group between the Vinča and the LBK pottery communities.
The Liminal Passage: A Final Bronze Age hoard found in Dolany-Nové Sady – “Sádek”, District Olomouc (CZ)
Authors: Mírová Zuzana , Fojtík Pavel
Published: May 2021

The article presents a hoard from the Final Bronze Age found in 2005 in the cadastre of Dolany-Nové Sady ‒ “Sádek”, Olomouc District (CZ). It consists of 2 bronze axes, 3 bronze cheek-pieces of a horse’s bit, 2 bronze phalerae, decorated bronze belt sheet, 6 fragments of 3 different plano-convex ingots and a ceramic vessel. The paper deals with the chronological-typological evaluation of the hoard and especially the motivations for its deposition in connection with supra-regional long-distance roads. Authors discuss the model of social organization of the landscape in the Low Jeseník Mountains area and selected adjacent regions.
Advances in seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) towards stand-alone zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination
Authors: Julian Helen , Nurgirisia Novesa , Sutrisna Putu Doddy , Wenten I. Gede
Published: May 2021

Seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) is a promising separation technology due to its ability to operate as a stand-alone desalination unit operation. This paper reviews approaches to improve laboratory-to-pilot-scale MD performance, which comprise operational strategies, module design, and specifically tailored membranes. A detailed comparison of SWMD and sea water reverse osmosis is presented to further analyze the critical shortcomings of SWMD. The unique features of SWMD, namely the ability to operate with extremely high salt rejection and at extreme feed concentration, highlight the SWMD potential to be operated under zero liquid discharge (ZLD) conditions, which results in the production of high-purity water and simultaneous salt recovery, as well as the elimination of the brine disposal cost. However, technical challenges, such as thermal energy requirements, inefficient heat transfer and integration, low water recovery factors, and lack of studies on real-case valuable-salt recovery, are impeding the commercialization of ZLD SWMD. This review highlights the possibility of applying selected strategies to push forward ZLD SWMD commercialization. Suggestions are projected to include intermittent removal of valuable salts, in-depth study on the robustness of novel membranes, module and configuration, utilization of a low-cost heat exchanger, and capital cost reduction in a renewable-energy-integrated SWMD plant.
Mobile Telephony in Emerging Markets: The Importance of Dual-SIM Phones
Authors: Andersson Kjetil , Göller Daniel
Published: May 2021

A substantial share of customers in emerging markets use dual-SIM phones and subscribe to two mobile networks. A primary motive for so called multi-simming is to take advantage of cheap on-net services from both networks. In our modelling effort, we augment the seminal model of competing telephone networks á la Laffont, Rey and Tirole (1998b) by a segment of flexible price hunters that may choose to multi-sim. According to our findings, in equilibrium, the networks set a high off-net price in the linear tariffs to achieve segmentation. This induces the price hunters to multi-sim. We show that increased deployment of dual-SIM phones may induce a mixing equilibrium with high expected on-net prices. Thus, somewhat paradoxically, deployment of a technology that increases substitutability, and thereby competition, may end up raising prices.
Risk of infection within 4 weeks of corticosteroid injection (CSI) in the management of chronic pain during a pandemic: a cohort study in 216 patients
Authors: James Arul , Niraj Shruti , Mittal Manish , Niraj G.
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Targeted corticosteroid injections (CSI) are one of the treatments that can provide pain relief and thereby, enhance quality of life in patients with chronic pain. Corticosteroids (CS) are known to impair immune response. The objective was to evaluate the risk of developing post-procedural infection within 4 weeks of receiving depot CSI for chronic pain as part of on going quality improvement project. We hypothesised that interventional treatment with depot steroids will not cause a significant increase in clinical infection in the first 4 weeks.

Methods

Telephone follow-up was performed as a part of prospective longitudinal audit in a cohort of patients who received interventional treatment for chronic pain at a multidisciplinary pain medicine centre based at a university teaching hospital. Patients who received interventional treatment in the management of chronic pain under a single physician between October 2019 and December 2020 were followed up over telephone as part of on going longitudinal audits. Data was collected on any infection within 4 and 12 weeks of receiving the intervention. Outcomes collected included type of intervention, dose of depot steroids and pain relief obtained at 12 weeks following intervention.

Results

Over a 15 month period, 261 patients received pain interventions with depot CS. There was no loss to follow-up. Nine patients reported an infection within 4 weeks of receiving depot steroids (9/261, 3.4%). None of the patients tested positive for Covid-19. Eight patients (8/261, 3%) reported an infection between 5 and 12 weeks following the corticosteroid intervention. Although none of the patients tested positive for Covid-19, two patients presented with clinical and radiological features suggestive of Covid-19. Durable analgesia was reported by 51% (133/261) and clinically significant analgesia by 30% (78/261) at 12 weeks following the intervention. Failure rate was 19% (50/261).

Conclusions

Pain medicine interventions with depot steroids do not appear to overtly increase the risk for Covid-19 infection in the midst of a pandemic.
Politisierung von Kultur, Religion, und Geschlecht: Die Kulturalisierungen eines verweigerten Handschlags in Deutschschweizer Medien
Authors: Aeschbach Mirjam
Published: May 2021

In der Deutschschweizer massenmedialen Debatte zur Weigerung zweier Schüler in der Gemeinde Therwil, ihrer Lehrerin die Hand zu schütteln, wird häufig der Kulturbegriff verwendet. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert, wie „Kultur“ als wissensstrukturierende Kategorie in der Konstituierung der Gruppenzugehörigkeiten zur Schweizer Mehrheitsgesellschaft und zur muslimischen Minderheit zum Tragen gekommen ist. Basierend auf dem Konzept der „Kulturalisierung“ untersucht die qualitative Medienanalyse die verschiedenen „Spielarten der Kulturalisierung“ (Teczan 2011), die in der Debatte um den Fall Therwil verwendet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass „Kultur“ in Beziehung zu geografischer Herkunft, religiöser Zugehörigkeit und spezifischen Wertvorstellungen gesetzt wurde. Gleichzeitig kann die Verknüpfung dieser Ideen mit Vorstellungen „kulturspezifischer“ Geschlechterverhältnisse und angenommenen Einstellungen zur Geschlechtergerechtigkeit und sexuellen Liberalisierung beobachtet werden.
Zum Verhältnis von Interaktion, Organisation und Gesellschaft in der Therwiler Handschlag-Affäre. Eine systemtheoretische Analyse
Authors: Walthert Rafael , Frank Katharina , Stauffacher Daniela , Weber Urs
Published: May 2021

Der Beitrag baut auf Niklas Luhmanns Unterscheidung zwischen verschiedenen Typen sozialer Systeme auf, nämlich Interaktionen, Organisationen und einer durch funktionale Teilsysteme strukturierten Gesellschaft. Auf dieser Basis wird der Fall zweier Schüler in einer Schweizer Sekundarschule analysiert, die ihren Lehrerinnen mit religiöser Begründung den Handschlag verweigerten. Gezeigt wird, wie dieses Ereignis von verschiedenen Systemtypen als Problem bearbeitet und jeweils unterschiedlich beobachtet wurde, wobei speziell auch die Frage nach dem Stellenwert des Teilsystems Religion gestellt wird. Insbesondere der Zeitbedarf und der Stellenwert schriftlicher Kommunikation der verschiedenen Systeme erweisen sich als Faktoren, über die sich die unterschiedliche Rolle verschiedener Systemtypen in der Affäre verstehen lässt. Religion beeinflusste zunächst zwar die Interaktion im Klassenzimmer, schließlich fungierte sie aber eher als Thema von Recht, Politik und Massenmedien, als dass sich religiöse Kommunikation über den ursprünglichen Interaktionszusammenhang hinaus als einflussreich erwiesen hätte.
Kulturkampfnarrative im Gesetzgebungsprozess
Authors: Bürgin Martin
Published: May 2021

Vor dem Hintergrund der medialen Debatte um die beiden Therwiler Schüler, die sich mit Verweis auf religiöse Gründe weigerten, ihrer Lehrerin die Hand zu reichen, strebten Politikerinnen und Politiker im Kanton Basel-Landschaft an, die dortige Verfassung zu ändern. Dabei wurde auf rechtliche und erinnerungskulturelle Diskurse aus dem Kulturkampf des 19. Jahrhunderts – und auf solche, die dazu Bezug nehmen – verwiesen. Diese Verweise werden in einem (partiellen) Close Reading des Kommentars zur geplanten (letztlich aber nicht realisierten) Änderung der basellandschaftlichen Kantonalverfassung erörtert und in den konfligierenden Narrativen des liberalen und des konservativen Lagers verortet. Dabei wird der Kommentar als Dokument gelesen, in welchem spezifische Geschichtsbilder, politische Identitäten und das Recht als sozial konstruierte Entitäten verwoben werden – und in welchem spezifische Konstruktionen und Reifikationen von Identität und Alterität angelegt sind.
Topic drop in German: Empirical support for an information-theoretic account to a long-known omission phenomenon
Authors: Schäfer Lisa
Published: May 2021

German allows fortopic drop(Fries 1988), the omission of a preverbal constituent from a V2 sentence. I address the underexplored question of why speakers use topic drop with a corpus study and two acceptability rating studies. I propose an information-theoretic explanation based on the Uniform Information Density hypothesis (Levy and Jaeger 2007) that accounts for the full picture of data. The information-theoretic approach predicts that topic drop is more felicitous when the omitted constituent is predictable in context and easy to recover. This leads to a more optimal use of the hearer’s processing capacities. The corpus study on the FraC corpus (Horch and Reich 2017) shows that grammatical person, verb probability and verbal inflection impact the frequency of topic drop. The two rating experiments indicate that these differences in frequency are also reflected in acceptability and additionally evidence an impact of topicality on topic drop. Taken together my studies constitute the first systematic empirical investigation of previously only sparsely researched observations from the literature. My information-theoretic account provides a unifying explanation of these isolated observations and is also able to account for the effect of verb probability that I find in my corpus study.
Berechnung der statischen axialen Steifigkeit von Planentenrollengewindetrieben
Authors: Brecher Christian , Frenken Thomas , Neus Stephan
Published: May 2021

Für Anwendungen, bei denen hohen Lasten mittels elektromechanischer Aktuatoren bewegt werden, spielt die statische axiale Steifigkeit der verwendeten Gewindetriebe eine wichtige Rolle. Simulationen bieten die Möglichkeit, diese Eigenschaft des Gewindetriebs bereits während der Auslegung bestimmen zu können. Ausgehend von Berechnungsmethoden zur Beschreibung der Lastverteilung innerhalb eines Planetenrollengewindetriebs wird ein Modell erstellt, welches die wesentlichen Einflussfaktoren für die Berechnung der statischen axialen Steifigkeit berücksichtigt. Die Validierung des Modells erfolgt mittels Prüfstandsversuchen unter hohen Lasten.
Crack Width Estimation Using Measurements of Central Deflection in ASTM C1609/C1609M
Authors: Bernard E. S.
Published: May 2021

The ASTM C1609/C1609M beam test, Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam with Third-Point Loading), has been used for assessing the flexural performance of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) for many years. The procedure involves the application of third-point loading to a relatively short, simply supported beam that consequently cracks and experiences extension and pull-out of fibers across the crack. The flexural performance of FRC tested in this way is normally expressed as a function of vertical deflection at the center of the beam. This is limiting because central deflection is specific to this test and is difficult to relate to structural applications. However, the two halves of the cracked beam experience essentially rigid-body rotation about the crack, raising the possibility that the maximum crack width can be calculated as a function of central deflection. Crack width is a more useful assessment parameter because it can be related to many structural applications. In the current investigation, seven FRC mixtures were produced and tested in accordance with ASTM C1609/C1609M, with both central deflection and crack width measured in all tests. The maximum crack width was then calculated as a function of central deflection and compared with the measured values. The results indicate that crack width can be calculated with sufficient accuracy using only the central deflection and crack offset from the center, thereby permitting flexural performance to be expressed as a function of crack width without any change to the current test procedure. The coefficient of variation in postcrack flexural strength was found to be slightly smaller for the same set of specimens when expressed as a function of maximum crack width rather than central deflection.
Thyroid hormone alterations in critically and non-critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Vassiliadi Dimitra Argyro , Ilias Ioannis , Pratikaki Maria , Jahaj Edison , Vassiliou Alice G , Detsika Maria , Ampelakiotou Kleio , Koulenti Marina , Manolopoulos Konstantinos N , Tsipilis Stamatis , Gavrielatou Evdokia , Diamantopoulos Aristidis , Zacharis Alexandros , Athanasiou Nicolaos , Orfanos Stylianos , Kotanidou Anastasia , Tsagarakis Stylianos , Dimopoulou Ioanna
Published: May 2021

Objective

Following the evolution of COVID-19 pandemic, reports pointed on a high prevalence of thyroiditis-related thyrotoxicosis. Interpretation of thyroid tests during illness, however, is hampered by changes occurring in the context of non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). In order to elucidate these findings, we studied thyroid function in carefully selected cohorts of COVID-19 positive and negative patients.

Design

Cohort observational study.

Methods

We measured TSH, FT4, T3 within 24 h of admission in 196 patients without thyroid disease and/or confounding medications. In this study, 102 patients were SARS-CoV-2 positive; 41 admitted in the ICU, 46 in the ward and 15 outpatients. Controls consisted of 94 SARS-CoV-2 negative patients; 39 in the ICU and 55 in the ward. We designated the thyroid hormone patterns as consistent with NTIS, thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism.

Results

A NTIS pattern was encountered in 60% of ICU and 36% of ward patients, with similar frequencies between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients (46.0% vs 46.8%, P = NS). A thyrotoxicosis pattern was observed in 14.6% SARS-CoV-2 ICU patients vs 7.7% in ICU negative (P = NS) and, overall in 8.8% of SARS-CoV-2 positive vs 7.4% of negative patients. In these patients, thyroglobulin levels were similar to those with normal thyroid function or NTIS. The hypothyroidism pattern was rare.

Conclusions

NTIS pattern is common and relates to the severity of disease rather than SARS-CoV-2 infection. A thyrotoxicosis pattern is less frequently observed with similar frequency between patients with and without COVID-19. It is suggested that thyroid hormone monitoring in COVID-19 should not differ from other critically ill patients.
Clinical impacts of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation assessment on primary aldosteronism
Authors: Watanabe Daisuke , Morimoto Satoshi , Morishima Noriko , Ichihara Atsuhiro
Published: May 2021

Objective

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is divided into two major subtypes, aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral idiopathic hyperplasia (IHA) and is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. However, the nature of vascular function in PA patients remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to determine the vascular function and investigate the implications of vascular function assessments in the patients.

Methods

Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), as an index of endothelial function, and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), as an index of arterial stiffness, were retrospectively compared between 42 patients with APA, 37 patients with IHA, and 42 patients with essential hypertension (EH). These values were also compared with background factors, KCNJ5 mutation and clinical outcome in terms of blood pressure reduction after adrenalectomy in the APA group.

Results

FMD was significantly lower in the APA group (4.8 ± 2.1%) and IHA group (4.1 ± 1.9%) than in the EH group (5.7 ± 2.1%). CAVI did not differ significantly among groups. Although no significant correlations were seen between FMD and background factors in the IHA group, FMD correlated negatively with BMI and plasma aldosterone concentration in the APA group (rs = −0.313, rs = −0.342, respectively). KCNJ5 mutational status was not associated with FMD value. High FMD was associated with blood pressure normalization after adrenalectomy in the APA group.

Conclusions

Patients with PA displayed impaired endothelial function. Complete clinical success after adrenalectomy was associated with preserved endothelial function. This study provides a better understanding of FMD assessment in patients with PA.
Identification and characterization of factors associated with short stature and pre-shortness in Chinese preschool-aged children
Authors: Yang Min , Deng Xiangling , Wang Shunan , Zhou Bo , Niu Wenquan , Zhang Zhixin
Published: May 2021

Objectives

We aimed to identify and characterize potential factors, both individually and jointly as a nomogram, associated with short stature and pre-shortness in Chinese preschool-aged children.

Methods

Total of 9501 children aged 3–6 years were recruited from 30 kindergartens in Beijing and Tangshan from September to December 2020 using a stratified random sampling method. Effect-size estimates are expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI.

Results

The prevalence of short stature and pre-shortness in preschool-aged children was 3.9% (n = 375) and 13.1% (n = 1616), respectively. Factors simultaneously associated with the significant risk for short stature, pre-shortness and both included BMI, paternal height, maternal height, birth weight, birth height, latter birth order (≥2) and less parental patience to children. Besides, breastfeeding duration (≥12 months) was exclusively associated with pre-shortness (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.16, 1.01 to 1.33, 0.037), and childhood obesity with both short stature (3.45, 2.62 to 4.54, <0.001) and short stature/pre-shortness (1.37, 1.15 to 1.64, <0.001). Modeling of significant factors in nomograms had descent prediction accuracies, with the C-index being 77.0, 70.1 and 71.2% for short stature, pre-shortness and both, respectively (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our findings indicate the joint contribution of inherited characteristics, nutrition status from the uterus to childhood, and family psychological environment to short stature and pre-shortness in Chinese preschool-aged children. Further validation in other independent groups is warranted.
Ultrasound features and risk stratification systems to identify medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Matrone Antonio , Gambale Carla , Biagini Margherita , Prete Alessandro , Vitti Paolo , Elisei Rossella
Published: May 2021

Objective

Recently, several scientific societies designed ultrasound (US) risk stratification systems (RSS) to guide the workup of thyroid nodules and decide which nodules should undergo fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). However, these systems have been developed against papillary thyroid carcinoma, and scanty data on their role in identifying medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are available. The aims of this study are to describe the US features of MTC and evaluate the performance of RSS in identifying MTC.

Methods

Data of 152 consecutive patients with MTC was evaluated. The results of the pre-operative neck US of all patients were collected. Ultrasound features of each MTC were evaluated and classified according to the five main RSS available.

Results

Median MTC dimension was 1.3 cm. Most of the nodules showed solid composition, hypoechoic pattern, and regular margins. About half of them showed the presence of calcifications, but only a subgroup had microcalcifications. A minority of the nodules showed a 'taller than wide' shape. Only 7.9% of all MTC showed the simultaneous presence of at least four US features suggestive of malignancy. Ultrasonographic high-risk of malignancy of the MTC included in the five RSS, varied from 45.4 to 47.4%, and performing FNAC was suggested in only 48.7 to 63.8% of all MTC.

Conclusions

In this series, neither single nor the association of US features are specific for MTC. The five main RSS correctly identify less than 50% of MTC and do not suggest performing FNAC in about half of them with potentially missed or delayed diagnosis.
Cocoa pod husks as potential sources of renewable high-value-added products: A review of current valorizations and future prospects
Authors: Ouattara Leygnima Yaya , Kouassi Esaie Kouadio Appiah , Soro Doudjo , Soro Yaya , Yao Kouassi Benjamin , Adouby Kopoin , Drogui Allali Patrick , Tyagi Dayal Rajeshwar , Aina Pepin Martin
Published: May 2021

Cocoa is among the most cultivated and important tropical crops in the world, and it is economically viable in the agro-pastoral systems of tropical Africa. Further, the amount of cocoa residue is steadily increasing due to the strong worldwide demand for chocolate products. This review of cocoa residue found that an average of 18 publications per year were published in the last 10 years. The most common type of publication on cocoa pod husks (CPH) was newspaper articles, which comprised 50% of the publications. This review examines the use of CHP in sustainable development, agrochemical materials, and agro-materials through their potential valorizations into high value-added products. Indeed, CPH is an abundant, accessible, and renewable resource of bioproducts, dietary fibers, nutraceuticals, functional foods, pectin, antioxidant compounds, theobromine, and minerals. Potential food applications of CPH include the production of flavor compounds, gums, texturing agents, and others. The production of biomaterials for food and non-food use, biofuels, and organic acids, such as lactic acid (the polymerization of which produces the PLA used in bioplastic production), are several potential areas for the biotechnological development of CPH and its fractions.
Chemists are Joking...
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kovtun G.O.
Published: May 2021

This book contains strange stories, tips, jokes, answers to “topical” questions of life, useful and witty statements of chemists and about chemists. Designed for professors, teachers, students, pupils and anyone interested in chemistry and its creators of all eras, including chemists of Ukraine.
Serhiy Vynohradsky, the World's Leading Microbiologist
Authors:   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NASU, Roslytsky Ye.
Published: May 2021

This is the first book in Ukrainian popular science literature about the life and career of Serhiy Mykolayovych Vynohradsky, a world-famous Ukrainian scientist, the discoverer of chemosynthesis in a large group of soil microorganisms and the role of the latter in fixing atmospheric nitrogen and the circulation of substances in nature, one of the founders of general and soil microbiology and ecology. The book contains a bibliography of printed works by S.M. Vynohradsky and a list of major publications about the scientist. The publication is illustrated with photographs and portraits of the scientist and his closest students, D.K. Zabolotny and V.L. Omelyansky. The book is intended for a wide range of readers who are interested in the history of science and the contribution of Ukrainian scientists to the treasury of knowledge of world science.
Radionuclide Anomaly
Authors:   Instytut Hidrobiolohiyi Natsionalʹnoyi Akademiyi Nauk Ukrayiny, Kuzmenko M.I.
Published: May 2021

The book tells about the ecological consequences of the Chernobyl Disaster, radionuclide pollution, migration of radionuclides along the Dnipro River and the cascade of its reservoirs to the Black Sea, the dynamics of radionuclide accumulation, radiation doses and disturbances in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The generalized results of research executed by experts from Ukraine, Belarus, Russia and other countries concerning early and long-term consequences of ionizing irradiation of a human body are given. Expanding the use of nuclear technology and sources of ionizing radiation not only strengthens the power of countries, but also creates risks for the civilization of the nuclear age. Tests of nuclear and thermonuclear weapons, the Chernobyl and Fukushima-1 disasters have led to the formation of previously unknown in the biosphere man-made radionuclide anomalies unsuitable for permanent human habitation. The book is intended for a wide range of readers.
What Archeological Monuments Tell and Hide
Authors:   Hryhorii Skovoroda University in Pereiaslav, Rozdobudko M.V.
Published: May 2021

The book tells about the various archeological monuments of the Middle Dnipro, which contain still undeciphered information from the distant past. The questions that arise in the study of these monuments and the archaeological cultures to which they belong are no less interesting and fascinating than the mysteries of cultures of distant exotic countries. The answers to these and many other questions can significantly change some established views of our ancient history. The real story is much more interesting than the most patriotic inventions, which we do not lack nowadays.
“Culture of the Person” and “Culture of Works” According to Karol Wojtyła
Authors: Radziechowski Dariusz
Published: May 2021

This article presents basic features of the philosophical concept of culture in the thought of Karol Wojtyła. In particular, it aims to highlight the distinction between the “culture of the person” and “culture of works,” which seems to be fundamental for the whole ­anthropology and ethics of the philosopher from Wadowice.On one hand, the designators of culture are the works and creations of man, on the other hand, the value of man himself as a person, his inner life, and who he is as a man. As Wojtyła emphasized, the latter is the most internal and profound dimension of culture because it is expressed in morality. The very ability to produce certain objects or produce certain effects, e.g. a work of art or a technical device, does not determine the “culture” of its creator. The decisive factor is acting according to the criterion of moral good and evil, which shapes the personality of the creator, who he is “as a person,” and not only “as an engineer or a composer.”
Intuicja sakramentalna jako model intuicji tego, co niedostępne w fenomenologii liturgii Jean-Yves’a Lacoste’a
Authors: Zgórecki Przemysław
Published: May 2021

Jean-Yves Lacoste jest mało jeszcze w Polsce znanym współczesnym francuskim myślicielem, który słynie z tego, że swoją refleksję prowadzi na granicy między filozofią a teologią. Intuicja sakramentalna jest przykładem tego, co on sam nazywa „teologicznym myśleniem”. Intuicja sakramentalnej obecności Boga staje się dla niego modelem intuicji niedostępnej jeszcze obecności Boga w świecie. Tego typu intuicja jest sposobem poznania właściwym wspomnianemu byciu na granicy filozofii i teologii, a zatem na granicy bycia-w-świecie i bycia-wobec-Boga. Badania nad tak rozumianą intuicją prowadzą do wielu ważnych pytań: Czy różnica między obecnością i nieobecnością oznacza to samo, co różnica między dostępnością i niedostępnością? Czym różni się to, co jeszcze nieobecne, i to, co już nieobecne, od tego, co nieobecne? Czy wszystkie są równie niedostępne? Czy obecność i nieobecność jest bardziej problemem miejsca czy czasu?
Sequências Didáticas de Caráter Sociocientífico como Espaço de Pesquisa, Formação e Ensino na Interface Escola-Universidade
Authors: Orquiza-de-Carvalho Lizete Maria , Gonçalves Laise Vieira , Chapani Daisi Teresinha
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Neste artigo analisamos o processo de produção de sequências didáticas de caráter sociocientífico em um contexto de ação e formação de professores na interface escola- universidade. Indagamos sobre a maneira e as condições em que o caráter controverso do conhecimento científico e tecnológico foi evidenciado em diferentes processos de formulação de questões sociocientíficas durante o planejamento de sequências didáticas ocorrido no âmbito escola-universidade. Os dados foram constituídos a partir de teses e dissertações produzidas em um mesmo grupo de pesquisa. Como resultado, foram evidenciadas etapas de desenvolvimento do trabalho coletivo em função de desdobramentos do debate sobre as questões sociocientíficas.
Transferências de Saberes Matemáticos: uma experiência entre brasileiros e alemães de 1971-2002
Authors: Silva Circe Mary Silva da
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Este trabalho examina e discute a cooperação internacional entre Brasil e Alemanha no período 1971 a 2002, o que favoreceu transferências de saberes na área de matemática. Escolhemos como referencial teórico as transferências culturais e utilizamos como corpus documental os arquivos do Instituto de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA) e do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (CNPq) referentes ao convênio estabelecido entre os dois países, bem como depoimentos de participantes do convênio. A conclusão foi de que houve um grande engajamento das instituições alemãs no desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa realizados em cooperação com brasileiros, decorrentes de transferências de saberes matemáticos entre os envolvidos. Constatamos também que tanto a matemática brasileira quanto a matemática alemã alimentaram-se de transferências culturais, conforme mostrou o estudo de caso investigado por meio do convênio CNPq e da Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung (GMD).
Institutional dimension for sustainable development: the relationship of organic and conventional cotton farming with government
Authors: Melo Paulo Thiago Nunes Bezerra de , Bellen Hans Michael van
Published: May 2021

Abstract: This study aimed to examine the institutional dimension of conventional and organic cotton farming; specifically, the relationships between farms and government organizations. In both, conventional and organic production systems, the farmers are located in varying institutional environments. These environments include a social capital formed by relationships of trust and cognitive affinities. This study focused on the social capital and guidelines for sustainable development. Multiple study cases were used for explanatory purposes. Such cases refer to a conventional cotton farming business and a civil society organization dedicated to organic cotton farming, both located in the state of Piauí. A comparative analysis perspective was adopted based on the elements of content analysis. The results showed that the conventional cotton farming business comprises relationships with governmental organizations that are predominantly oriented towards economic efficiency purposes, while the family-based organic cotton farming association comprises relationships oriented by economic, social, and environmental objectives. The present study extends the discussion on these topics by analyzing the institutional dimension oriented towards the sustainable development premises.
Exploring the interdependence between gainsharing and performance evaluation in a credit union,
Authors: Silva Caroline da , Silva Crisiane Teixeira da , Mucci Daniel Magalhães , Beck Franciele
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the interdependence between gainsharing and performance evaluation (objective and subjective) in a credit union. There is a recent debate on the interdependence between management control practices, which emerges from the discussion of control packages or systems. This study delves into this discussion by investigating the complementarity between gainsharing (group incentive modality) and performance evaluation in a credit union context, given the need for qualitative empirical studies on this phenomenon. This study is considered relevant because the joint use of management control practices can allow organizations to effectively mitigate control problems such as lack of direction, motivation, and competence. This research promotes insights into management control practices’ operation - given the discussion of complementarity between gainsharing, which is not a prevalent incentive system in most organizations - and objective and subjective performance evaluation. The methodology consists of a qualitative field study in a credit union using data collection, interviews, and access to documents analyzed using an interpretive approach. This research presents evidence on the phenomenon of interdependence between management control practices, adding to the literature by addressing different forms of complementarity between a group incentive system in the form of gainsharing and performance evaluation. It became evident that gainsharing reinforces the objective performance evaluation process by mitigating motivation and direction problems, while the subjective performance evaluation compensates the objective performance evaluation by shifting the focus of the evaluation to the individual's skills.
Prevalência de sofrimento psíquico em pessoas idosas: um estudo de base comunitária
Authors: Silva William Lucas Ferreira da , Paula Graziela Lonardoni de , Gomes Leonardo Campos , Cruz Danielle Teles da
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivos Verificar a prevalência do sofrimento psíquico em uma população de idosos da comunidade e analisar a sua correlação com idade, anos de escolaridade, nível socioeconômico, sexo, morbidade referida, autopercepção de saúde, autopercepção visual, autopercepção auditiva e síndromes geriátricas (fragilidade, medo de cair, capacidade funcional e quedas). Método Estudo transversal com 315 idosos, não institucionalizados, residentes em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2015. Os dados foram coletados através de inquérito domiciliar e o sofrimento psíquico pode ser observado naquela população idosa com a aplicação do Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). Para verificar a associação da variável desfecho com as variáveis explicativas, usou-se teste qui-quadrado (χ²) de Pearson. O nível de significância adotado no estudo foi de 5%. Resultados A prevalência de sofrimento psíquico entre os idosos foi de 41,8% (IC95% 36,5–47,4%). Verificou-se associação entre o PHQ-4 e sexo (ρ=0,001), morbidade referida (ρ=0,020), autopercepção de saúde (ρ<0,001), autopercepção visual (ρ=0,001), autopercepção auditiva (ρ=0,034), capacidade funcional (ρ=0,003) e fragilidade (ρ=0,000) Conclusões o sofrimento psíquico é uma condição frequente entre idosos. O conhecimento dos fatores associados a esse evento pode contribuir para um modelo de cuidado em saúde que estimule o envelhecimento ativo e saudável.
Estado nutricional de idosos com doença de Parkinson e seus fatores associados: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Arruda Nívola Beatriz Mendonça de , Silva Suelane Renata de Andrade , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo Identificar os fatores associados ao Estado Nutricional de idosos com doença de Parkinson (DP) por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Método Foram utilizadas as bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, Scielo e Pubmed, sem filtros para ano de publicação e desenho do estudo. Foram incluídos os estudos disponibilizados em português, inglês ou espanhol com população idosa (idade ≥60 anos). Foram excluídos estudos que não tratavam da temática, publicações não disponíveis na íntegra e que não atenderam à pergunta norteadora. Extraíram-se informações referentes aos objetivos, desenho de estudo, amostra investigada, instrumentos para a avaliação nutricional e principais resultados, além dos fatores associados. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada pelos instrumentos Critical Appraisal Skill Programme e Agency for Health care and Research and Quality. Para sumarização dos fatores associados foi considerado o percentual de estudos cuja análise intergrupo, associação ou correlação foi significativa para o desfecho esperado. Resultados A análise final resultou em 8 artigos. Os fatores associados ao Estado Nutricional entre as variáveis clínicas relacionadas à DP foram duração e gravidade da doença, sintomas motores e função cognitiva. Com relação às variáveis clínico-nutricionais apresentaram associação à gordura corporal, parâmetros bioquímicos, atividade física, doméstica e mobilidade, ingestão de energia e hábitos alimentares. Conclusão A perda de peso na DP é uma consequência complexa e multifatorial, sendo primordial diagnosticar precocemente mudanças nutricionais nesses pacientes. A realização de mais estudos nessa população é necessária, visando compreender melhor esse processo de perda de peso nos pacientes idosos com DP.
Prática médica frente às demências nos municípios polos de residência em saúde da família em Minas Gerais
Authors: Nobre Nicolle Cardoso , Novais Thalita Silveira , Santos Pedro Arthur Carvalho Lima dos , Lima Erica Costa , Malta Ellen Mara Reis , Pinho Lucinéia de
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a prática de profissionais médicos da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de municípios polos de Residência em Saúde da Família e Comunidade em Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico, realizado de março a outubro de 2018 com médicos e médicos residentes que atuavam nas equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família de oito municípios de MG. Avaliou-se as características sociodemográficas, a participação em capacitações específicas para demência e as práticas dos médicos no cuidado da pessoa idosa com demência. Resultados Dentre os profissionais, a maioria eram do sexo feminino (63,4%), possuíam até 30 anos de idade (57,7%) e não participaram de capacitação em demência (60%). Observou-se que a maior parte dos médicos diagnosticaram a patologia no estágio moderado a grave (67,5%). Entre as dificuldades para identificar casos de demências, destacaram-se: a baixa utilidade dos exames complementares (26,8%) e a dificuldade em diferenciar sinais e sintomas das demências de seus principais diagnósticos diferenciais (50%). A participação em capacitação influenciou nas dificuldades de identificação de casos (p=0,019), diferenciação de sinais e sintomas (p=0,018), confiança sobre o diagnóstico (p<0,001), responsabilização do diagnóstico pelo serviço especializado (p=0,019) e baixa disponibilidade de tempo dos profissionais (p=0,015). Conclusão O ensino prático direcionado à demência fornecido aos profissionais de saúde durante a formação médica ainda é incipiente e exige aperfeiçoamento, sendo necessárias intervenções educativas junto à equipe da APS e o aprimoramento dos protocolos voltados ao diagnóstico precoce e ao manejo das demências.
The influence of social support and social skills on the academic performance of younger individuals and older adult college students
Authors: LEITE Soniárlei Vieira , FRANÇA Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho , LEITE Shirley Bezerra Feitosa
Published: May 2021

Abstract The ageing process has provoked a visible increase of older adult students in Brazilian universities. Several studies have been conducted on the development of this older adult student, but few have tested the influence of social skills and perceived social support on academic performance by comparing different age groups. The goal of this longitudinal study was to investigate the influence of social support and social skills on the academic performance of older adult college students compared to younger individuals. The sample was composed of 326 college students (200 younger individuals and 126 older adults), from 13 universities in the metropolitan area of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Multiple hierarchical regression confirmed the predictive power of the social support (but not the social skills) over academic performance. The evolution of academic performance (performance coefficient) was observed for two years. New studies with larger samples in other regional contexts are recommended.