bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar Dan Penguasaan Tata Bahasa Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Survey Pada Smk Swasta Di Cirebon)
Authors: Karlina Tia
Published: December 2022

Dalam proses pembelajaran di Sekolah, hasil atau prestasi belajar siswa ditentukan oleh banyak faktor, seperti; faktor siswa sebagai peserta didik yang meliputi tingkat kecerdasan, minat, motivasi, bakat, dan lain lain; kedua, faktor kurikulum, guru, fasilitas, sumber, dan media; ketiga, faktor lingkungan, meliputi letak sekolah, budaya, iklim dan lainnya. Motivasi belajar dan penguasaan tata bahasa sangat berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar yang dapat dicapai oleh siswa. Karena dengan motivasi siswa mempunyai kemauan yang tinggi dan akan berusaha meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman, keterampilan, dan nilai sikapnya dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris. Kemudian tata bahasa atau disebut dengan grammar merupakan aspek penting dalam penguasaan dan pengembangan kemampuan bahasa inggris. Grammar ini berkaitan dengan bagaimana suatu kalimat dan suatu ucapan terbentuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar dan penguasaan tata bahasa Inggris terhadap prestasi belajar bahasa inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey, dengan sampel 76 responden yang dipilih random dari tiga sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi belajar dan penguasaan tata bahasa secara bersama – sama terhadap prestasi belajar bahasa Inggris. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Fhitung = 19.910 dan nilai Sig = 0,000 < 0,05. Hal ini menunjukan setiap kenaikan satu unit motivasi belajar dan penguasaan tata bahasa dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa Inggris.Motivasi Belajar
Konsep HKI dan Royalti dalam Pajak Usaha Waralaba
Authors: Tanjung Rachmat Januardi , Imaniyati Neni Sri
Published: December 2022

Hak Atas Kekayaan intelektual atau Hak Kekayaan intelektual (HaK HAK) yang dalam bahasa asingnya disebut dengan “Intellectual Property Rigl?ts” (IPR/?nggris) atau ”Getinge Eigen????r” (herman) merupakan hak yang timbul dari olah pikir otak manusia, juga menghasilkan suatu produk atau proses yang berguna untuk manusia[1]. Pada intinya bahwa HaKI adalah hak untuk menikmati secara ekonomis hasil dari suatu kreativitas intelektual manusia. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui konsep Hak Atas Kekayaan intelektual (HAKI) dan Royalti dalam Pajak Usaha Waralaba. Metode pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan mengkaji kecukupan aturan tentang Konsep HKI terhadap Royalti dalam Pajak Usaha Waralaba melalui penelusuran pustaka sebagai metode pengumpulan data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini pemanfaatan bisnis waralaba tentu ada sejumlah imbalan berupa uang yang harus dibayar kepada pihak asing maupun pihak dalam negeri. Imbalan yang terkait dalam usaha waralaba ini bisa bermacam-macam jenisnya, antara lain royalti, imbalan jasa teknik, dan penghasilan dari usaha keseluruhannya merupakan objek pengenaan Pajak Penghasilan Perlindungan HAKI dalam sistem bisnis waralaba adalah dengan adanya royalti atas penerima lisensi kepada pemberi lisensi, bentuk dalam perlindungan nya meliputi hak merek, hak paten dan hak cipta, pengenaan pajak waralaba atas royalti adalah menggunakan sistem pengenaan pajak terhadap badan hukum Indonesia didasarkan pada Undang-Undang Perpajakan yang lebih spesifiknya tertera di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pajak Penghasilan.
Tradisi Tolak Balak Pandemi Corona Di Desa Pojok Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Asma’ul Khusna Hesti Yan
Published: December 2022

Pageblug adalah sebuah istilah dikalangan local  yang menunjuk  tehadap  suatu adanya wabah penyakit yang bisa menyerang  dengan skala jangkauan yang  luas atau dalam sebuah istilah modern menyebutnya sebagai epidemi. Pagebluk terdiri dari kata geblug atau bluk yang berada dalam budaya Jawa ataupun Sunda yang mengandung arti sebagai jatuh, tersungkur atau tumbang. Maksudnya sendiri istilah pagebluk adalah adanya sebuah peristiwa yang menyebabkan bayaknya korban berjatuhan dalam skala yang besar dan menyerang banyak wilayah. Pageblug ini sudah pernah terjadi pada zaman dahulu dan sekarang pada tahun 2020-2021 terjadi lagi akibat adanya wabah virus Corona akibat itu lah masyrakat jawa menganggap bahwa sekarang adalah sebuah zaman pageblug. Mengaitkan dengan kepanikan masal dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yang meliputi mengobservasi, mewawancarai warga dan tokoh yang dituakan serta mendokumentasikan
Pengalaman Kemampuan Konsep Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Pendekatan Kontekstual
Authors: Amalia Lia , Makmuri Makmuri , El Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2022

Pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan kontekstual sangat berdampak pada kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Pemahaman konsep matematis sangat penting bagi siswa, dan guru harus melatih dan menanganinya dengan benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan konsep matematis siswa dan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan kontekstual di 11 SMK Swasta sekecamatan Pesanggrahan Jakarta Selatan. Para ahli memvalidasi instrumen penelitian berupa angket yang diperbaharui. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hasil yakni dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil temuan mengungkap bahwa pembelajaran dengan pendekatan kontekstual masih jarang digunakan, dan kemampuan konsep matematis siswa masih kurang dan perlu ditingkatkan.
MITOS KECANTIKAN DALAM CERPEN “BOKKO-CHAN” KARYA HOSHI SHINICHI
Authors: Visiaty Arianty , Zuriyati Zuriyati , Rohman Saifur
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mitos kecantikan perempuan dalam cerpen “Bokko-Chan” karya Hoshi Shinichi dengan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis. Penelitian ini mengkaji data yang diambil dari cerpen tersebut dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori Wolf (2004).  Berdasarkan hasil dari analisis data ditemukan dua jenis mitos kecantikan. yaitu mitos kecantikan outer beauty (berupa: usia muda) dan inner beauty (berupa: kecantikan adalah jual mahal, sedikit lugu dan polos, sikap tidak membantah, dan sikap tegar). Mitos kecantikan ini menujukkan ideologi dari pengarang pria (Hoshi Shinichi), yaitu ideologi yang mendukung pelestarian dominasi pria atau sistem patriarki. Pelestarian dominasi ini dilakukan melalui penciptaan mitos kecantikan seorang wanita sehingga pada akhirnya akan membelenggu kebebasan kaum perempuan untuk melakukan hal yang diinginkan, mengeluarkan pikiran, dan mengekspresikan perasaannya.
THE ONLINE TRANSPORTATION MYTH BUILT BY GRAB’S SLOGAN “FORWARD TOGETHER”
Authors: Mahanka Ridwan , Asidiky Zakie
Published: December 2022

Advertisements have a huge impact on people’s thoughts and habits without realizing it. In the context of Indonesia, in recent years, one of the advertisements that frequently appears is Grab, one of the online transportation providers in Indonesia. In its ad, Grab uses its slogan in introducing its services. This research aim is to find out the myth instilled in Grab’s slogan ‘forward together’ from the semiotic perspective. The data of this study is a Grab’s ad written as ‘forward together’, downloaded from https://www.grab.com/sg/business/ads/. In analyzing the slogan, the researchers carry out two steps, namely (i) analyzing the slogan and the images using Barthes’s semiotics theory to find out the denotative and connotative meanings, and (ii) analyzing the myth instilled in the slogan. After analyzing the data, the researchers found out that the myth instilled on Grab’s online transportation slogan ‘forward together’ is moving to better transportation. The slogan used by Grab company has tried to lead to people's minds and ideologies about how to get better transportation. The result of this research is then hoped to give a contribution to a practical significance especially helping those who are creating and arranging slogans for their companies’ products or services.

Iklan memiliki dampak yang sangat besar terhadap pemikiran dan kebiasaan orang tanpa disadari. Dalam konteks Indonesia, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, salah satu iklan yang sering muncul adalah Grab, salah satu penyedia transportasi online di Indonesia. Dalam iklannya, Grab menggunakan slogannya dalam memperkenalkan layanannya. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mitos yang ditanamkan dalam slogan Grab 'forward together' dari perspektif semiotik. Adapun data dari penelitian ini adalah iklan Grab yang slogannya bertuliskan 'forward together' yang diunduh dari laman https://www.grab.com/sg/business/ads/. Dalam menganalisis slogan, para peneliti melakukan dua langkah, yaitu (i) menganalisis slogan dan gambar menggunakan teori semiotika Barthes untuk mengetahui makna denotatif dan konotatifnya, dan (ii) menganalisis mitos yang ditanamkan dalam slogannya. Setelah menganalisis data, para peneliti menemukan bahwa mitos yang ditanamkan pada slogan transportasi online Grab 'forward together' adalah pindah ke transportasi yang lebih baik. Slogan yang digunakan oleh Grab telah mencoba mengarahkan pikiran dan ideologi masyarakat tentang bagaimana mendapatkan transportasi yang lebih baik. Hasil penelitian ini kemudian diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi praktis yang signifikan terutama membantu pihak-pihak yang membuat dan menyusun slogan-slogan untuk produk atau jasa perusahaan mereka.
Pengolahan Limbah Kulit Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus Costaricensis) pada Materi Pelajaran Kimia Kelas XI SMA Negeri Muncar Banyuwangi
Authors: Nurjanah Ana
Published: December 2022

Research that was tested, students of class XI at Muncar High School (SMA) were able to identify the hydroquinone content in the bleaching cream. Hydroquinone (HQ) is a phenol-derived compound used in the cosmetic industry as a bleaching agent. This compound is very risky & the limits of its use must be controlled. BPOM has decided that the aporism limit for cosmetics is 2%. Hydroquinone more than 5% is a hard drug, the impact of long-term use can cause skin cancer. Hydroquinone can be identified by using a natural marker, namely anthocyanin which is in the dragon fruit skin, by using the method of extracting the dragon fruit skin using a 1.5 M citric acid solvent, a temperature of 450C, where the results are used to analyze the content of the Hydroquinone content in cosmetic creams face bleaching, based on this research, it is proven that cosmetics that are spread in the community positively contain Hydroquinone.
The magnetism across time-spaces and the driving force of celestial rotation
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 3: The magnetism across time-spaces and the driving force of celestial rotation/磁场的时空穿越与天体旋转原动力 Author: Liu Huan(1983-), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
Discussion of Tornado Formation Mechanism
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 7. Discussion of Tornado Formation Mechanism Author: Liu Huan (1983-), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
Resonant Oscillations within Multiple Moonpools for a Fixed Rectangular Vessel
Authors: Garad Suraj , Bhattacharyya Anirban , Datta Ranadev
Published: December 2022

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We present experimental results of resonant free surface oscillations within three circular moonpools arranged in tandem at forward, central, and aft positions of a fixed rectangular vessel in head waves. The piston mode resonance frequency is primarily captured, which decreases with the increase in the vessel draft. The aim is to study the effect of body diffraction on the free surface amplitude and phase of the oscillating water columns at the three locations. The results indicate that, in general, the forward moonpool has the highest response amplitude, whereas the relative amplitudes of the central and aft moonpools depend on the wave frequency. It is observed that the nondimensional response amplitude increases nonlinearly with decreasing wave steepness close to the resonance frequency, while the effect diminishes at lower wave frequencies. The oscillation phase differences between the moonpools show effects of wave-body interaction, a phenomenon dependent on the vessel draft and wave frequency. Finally, the study includes a comparison of the responses at the three moonpool locations between multiple and single configurations.

Introduction

A moonpool is a vertical opening through the ship deck and open to the sea at the bottom, which is installed in vessels specialized in certain offshore operations. Resonant water column oscillations are encountered in moonpools (Aalbers 1984) due to vessel operations in waves. On the other hand, oscillating water columns (OWCs) have been extensively researched, primarily due to their potential for ocean wave energy conversion (Evans 1978; Heath 2012; Falcão & Henriques 2016). Now, considering design perspectives, the focus of the studies on water column resonance in waves depends on the specific marine application. For example, wave energy converters would require maximized OWC responses for efficient energy capture (Evans & Porter 1995; Morris-Thomas et al. 2007), while large free surface oscillations within moonpools of drillships have adverse effects on the vessel dynamics (Fakuda 1977).
The Aesti: The Paths of Their Past
Authors: Baranauskas Tomas
Published: December 2022

2020 m. pasirodžiusi archeologo Eugenijaus Jovaišos knyga Kapai ir žmonės yra bandymas iš dalies subjektyviai, bet kartu ir remiantis savo ilgamečiais tyrinėjimais, prašnekinti mūsų protėvius, gyvenusius I tūkstantmečio pirmojoje pusėje ir viduryje. Autorius neabejoja dėl jų bendro vardo – aisčiai, kurį pagrindė iki šiol pasirodžiusiuose trijuose fundamentaliuose Aisčių tomuose [8; 9; 10] ir tais pačiais metais, kaip aptariama knyga, išleistoje juos apibendrinančioje monografijoje anglų kalba [7].
Årsrapport 2021: Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for ryggkirurgi, resultater og forbedringstiltak
Authors: Solberg Tore K. , Ingebrigtsen Tor , Olsen Lena Ringstad , Thyrhaug Anette M.
Published: December 2022

Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for ryggkirurgi ble opprettet i 2007 og utvidet til å inkludere nakkekirurgi i 2012. Registeret har som mål å forbedre kvaliteten på kirurgisk behandling av degenerative rygg- og nakkelidelser. Registeret måler pasientrapporterte utfall (PROM) og erfaringer (PREM) med validerte skårer. Datakvaliteten er god med dokumentert aktualitet, korrekthet, reliabilitet, kompletthet og sammenlignbarhet. Det er gjennomført forskningsprosjekter som har validert grenseverdier for utfall innen ryggkirurgi. Tilsvarende prosjekter pågår for nakkekirurgi.
Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole
Authors: Liang Fei , Xu Wentian , Wu Hongxia , Zheng Bin , Liang Qingzhi , Li Yingzhi , Wang Songbiao
Published: December 2022

Background

Insufficient low temperatures in winter and soil residues caused by paclobutrazol (PBZ) application pose a considerable challenge for mango floral induction (FI). Gibberellin inhibitors SPD (compound of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole) had a significant influence on enhancing the flowering rate and yield of mango for two consecutive years (2020–2021). Researchers have indicated that FI is regulated at the metabolic level; however, little is known about the metabolic changes during FI in response to SPD treatment.

Methods

Here, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)-based widely targeted metabolomic analysis was carried out to assess the metabolic differences in the mango stem apex during different stage of mango FI (30, 80, 100 days after SPD/water treatment).

Results

A total of 582 compounds were annotated and 372 metabolites showed two-fold differences in abundance (variable importance in projection, VIP ≥ 1 and fold change, FC≥ 2 or≤ 0.5) between buds at 30, 80, 100 days after SPD/water treatment or between buds under different treatment. Lipids, phenolic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins were among metabolites showing significant differences over time after SPD treatment. Here, 18 out of 20 lipids, including the lysophosphatidylethanolamine (12, LPE), lysophosphatidylcholine (7, LPC), and free fatty acids (1, FA), were significantly upregulated from 80 to 100 days after SPD treatment comared to water treatment. Meanwhile, the dormancy release of mango buds from 80 to 100 days after SPD treatment was accompanied by the accumulation of proline, ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, and tannins. In addition, metabolites, such as L-homocysteine, L-histidine, and L-homomethionine, showed more than a ten-fold difference in relative abundance from 30 to 100 days after SPD treatment, however, there were no significant changes after water treatment. The present study reveals novel metabolites involved in mango FI in response to SPD, which would provide a theoretical basis for utilizing SPD to induce mango flowering.
«…Сосны здесь почти что сходятся с тропической растительностью». Из дневника Ф.Г.Добржанского 1935 г. Мексика. Часть 1, "Природа"
Authors: Конашев М.Б.
Published: December 2022

Первая часть публикации дневниковых записей Ф.Г.Добржанского — выдающегося российско-американского генетика, эволюциониста, энтомолога, — сделанных летом 1935 г., во время поездки в Мексику с целью изучения генетической изменчивости в природных популяциях плодовой мушки Drosophila pseudoobscura и определения ее ареала. В этих записях, так же как в записях во время других экспедиций, Добржанский предстает не только как натуралист, но как человек, которого глубоко и живо, по-настоящему интересует образ жизни, в том числе быт, нравы и взгляды тех людей, с которыми он встречался в дороге, а также культурная, социальная и политическая обстановка тех мест, где он бывал.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ДИЗЕЛЬНОГО ТОПЛИВА НА КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДИАТОМОВЫХ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ, ДИНОФЛАГЕЛЛЯТ И ИНФУЗОРИЙ ГУБЫ ЗЕЛЕНЕЦКОЙ БАРЕНЦЕВА МОРЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Пуговкин Д.В. , Воскобойников Г.М. , Метелькова Л.О. , Олейник А.А. , Салахов Д.О.
Published: December 2022

Вопрос о взаимодействии нефти и нефтепродуктов с рядом микроорганизмов (пелагическими микроводорослями, инфузориями) и возможной роли последних в деструкции нефтяных углеводородов остается актуальным. Целью работы являлось определение возможного воздействия нефтяных углеводородов на количественные показатели некоторых организмов. В эксперименте использовалась природная морская вода с естественной ассоциацией пелагических диатомовых водорослей, динофлагеллят и инфузорий. Данный комплекс микроорганизмов способен участвовать в процессах деструкции и трансформации нефтяных углеводородов. Указанные процессы идут интенсивнее в условиях темноты. Выявлено, что токсическое воздействие дизельного топлива на диатомовые водоросли, динофлагелляты и инфузории приводит к уменьшению количественных показателей микроорганизмов (численности и биомассы). Наибольший токсический эффект отмечался для инфузорий, которые в присутствии дизтоплива не выявлялись уже на пятый день эксперимента. Для диатомовых водорослей и динофлагеллят в присутствии дизтоплива отмечалось постепенное снижение количественных показателей относительно чистой среды по сравнению с реакцией на дизтопливо инфузорий. В условиях освещенности, даже в присутствии дизельного топлива, численность диатомовых водорослей и инфузорий была значительно выше, чем в темноте. Можно предположить, что для диатомовых водорослей и инфузорий значимым фактором для сохранения жизнеспособности наряду с присутствием/отсутствием нефтепродуктов является свет. Полученные результаты позволяют по-новому взглянуть на возможную роль микроорганизмов в биоремедиации морской воды от нефтепродуктов в арктическом регионе, где до трех месяцев (ноябрь – январь) в году приходится на период полярной ночи.
Investigating the Willingness and Perception of Participants in Responding to Electronic and Manual Quality Assurance Surveys: The Case of Colleges of Education in Ghana
Authors: Issah Sadik
Published: December 2022

Quality Assurance (QA) offices in Ghanaian Colleges of Education are a key component that facilitates institutional accreditation and reaccreditation. To constantly evaluate institutional activities and ascertain feedback from stakeholders for decision-making, these offices make use of questionnaires and interviews to collect data. Most colleges now turn to use web-based QA surveys instead of the usual manual or paper-based survey administering mode due to the increasing number of enrolments. This evidence-based process relies on the regular gathering of accurate enough data. Response rates may however be affected by the survey mode used and this affects the decision made based on this data. This study examined the perception of the participant towards the survey modes, and identified their perceived preference and the factors that underpin this preference for the survey mode. A questionnaire was used to achieve the study’s objectives with the targeted population comprising of tutors and students in the Ghanaian public colleges of education. The study evidenced the preferred QA survey mode as electronic-based surveys and factors that determines participants preferred QA survey mode as anonymity of the response and easiness or quickness of the surveys to respond to.
Target Trial Emulation
Authors: Hernán Miguel A. , Wang Wei , Leaf David E.
Published: December 2022

This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes the use of target trial emulation to design an observational study so it preserves the advantages of a randomized clinical trial, points out the limitations of the method, and provides an example of its use.
Ensuring Clarity and Understandability of the FDA’s Breast Density Notifications
Authors: Kressin Nancy R. , Slanetz Priscilla J. , Gunn Christine M.
Published: December 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the use of breast density notifications to inform women with dense breast tissue of the potential need for supplemental cancer screening, as well as the need to ensure that such notifications are clear and understandable to women of all language backgrounds, literacy levels, educational levels, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
Craniocervical Junction Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Causing Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy
Authors: Molina-Gil Javier , Peña-Suárez Jorge , García-Cabo Carmen
Published: December 2022

This case report describes an 80-year-old patient’s right-sided hemicranial headache, right-sided tongue hemiatrophy with fasciculations and deviation, right side of the tongue on protrusion, and mild dysarthria.
Associations Between Routine Adolescent Vaccination Status and Parental Intent to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine for Their Adolescent
Authors: Pingali Cassandra , Zhang Fan , Santibanez Tammy A. , Elam-Evans Laurie D. , Hill Holly A. , Valier Madeleine R. , Singleton James A.
Published: December 2022

This cross-sectional study investigates whether US adolescents’ routine vaccination status is associated with their parents’ self-reported intent or hesitancy to have them vaccinated for COVID-19.
Unraveling the Mechanism of Structural Stability and Electrochemical Performance of N/F‐Modified Li2FeSiO4: A First‐Principles Study
Authors: Guo Xialei , Hou Yuhua , Zheng Shouhong , Chen Xuan , Li Wei , Tao Xiaoma , Huang Youlin
Published: December 2022

The influence of N/F substitution and site‐exchange of Li and Fe ions on properties of Li2FeSiO4 are investigated by first‐principles calculation, including the structural parameters, mechanical, electrochemical, and magnetic properties of Li2FeSiO4. The calculated results show that site‐exchange of Li and Fe ions occurs during the removal of lithium ions for Li2FeSiO3.5R0.5 (R = O, N, and F), and the cell volume changes greatly. It is found that substitution of O with F can decrease the cell volume change and improve the cyclic stability of Li2FeSiO4. Furthermore, the theoretical average deintercalation voltages can be effectively reduced by N and F doping. The densities of states and magnetic moment show that substitution of O with N and F can improve the conductivity of Li2FeSiO4, and F doping is conducive to the extraction of more Li+ from Li2FeSiO4 system.
Crystallinity Tuning of Na3V2(PO4)3: Unlocking Sodium Storage Capacity and Inducing Pseudocapacitance Behavior
Authors: Ma Hongyang , Zhao Bangchuan , Bai Jin , Wang Peiyao , Li Wanyun , Mao Yunjie , Zhu Xiaoguang , Sheng Zhigao , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping
Published: December 2022

As a promising cathode material of sodium‐ion batteries, Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its high stability and fast Na+ ion diffusion. However, the reversible capacity based on the two‐electron reaction mechanism is not satisfactory limited by the inactive M1 lattice sites during the insertion/extraction process. Herein, self‐supporting 3D porous NVP materials with different crystallinity are fabricated on carbon foam substrates by a facile electrostatic spray deposition method. The V5+/V4+ redox couple is effectively activated and the three‐electron reactions are realized in NVP for sodium storage by a proper crystallinity tuning. In a disordered NVP sample, an ultra‐high specific capacity of 179.6 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C is achieved due to the coexistence of redox reactions of the V4+/V3+ and V5+/V4+ couples. Moreover, a pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism induced by the disordered structure is first observed in the NVP electrode. An innovative model is given to understand the disorder‐induced‐pseudocapacitance phenomenon in this polyanion cathode material.
High‐Rate Alkaline Water Electrolysis at Industrially Relevant Conditions Enabled by Superaerophobic Electrode Assembly
Authors: Li Lingjiao , Laan Petrus C. M. , Yan Xiaoyu , Cao Xiaojuan , Mekkering Martijn J. , Zhao Kai , Ke Le , Jiang Xiaoyi , Wu Xiaoyu , Li Lijun , Xue Longjian , Wang Zhiping , Rothenberg Gadi , Yan Ning
Published: December 2022

Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is among the most developed technologies for green hydrogen generation. Despite the tremendous achievements in boosting the catalytic activity of the electrode, the operating current density of modern water electrolyzers is yet much lower than the emerging approaches such as the proton‐exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). One of the dominant hindering factors is the high overpotentials induced by the gas bubbles. Herein, the bubble dynamics via creating the superaerophobic electrode assembly is optimized. The patterned Co‐Ni phosphide/spinel oxide heterostructure shows complete wetting of water droplet with fast spreading time (≈300 ms) whereas complete underwater bubble repelling with 180° contact angle is achieved. Besides, the current collector/electrode interface is also modified by coating with aerophobic hydroxide on Ti current collector. Thus, in the zero‐gap water electrolyzer test, a current density of 3.5 A cm−2 is obtained at 2.25 V and 85 °C in 6 m KOH, which is comparable with the state‐of‐the‐art PEMWE using Pt‐group metal catalyst. No major performance degradation or materials deterioration is observed after 330 h test. This approach reveals the importance of bubble management in modern AWE, offering a promising solution toward high‐rate water electrolysis.
Sophisticated yet Convenient Information Encryption/Decryption Based on Synergistically Time‐/Temperature‐Resolved Photonic Inks
Authors: Li Dong , Wu Jia‐Min , Liang Zheng‐Hong , Li Lin‐Yue , Dong Xiu , Chen Si‐Kai , Fu Teng , Wang Xiu‐Li , Wang Yu‐Zhong , Song Fei
Published: December 2022

Exploring high‐safety but convenient encryption and decryption technologies to combat threats of information leakage is urgently needed but remains a great challenge. Here, a synergistically time‐ and temperature‐resolved information coding/decoding solution based on functional photonic inks is demonstrated. Encrypted messages can be stored into multiple channels with dynamic‐color patterns, and information decryption is only enabled at appointed temperature and time points. Notably, the ink can be easily processed into quick‐response codes and multipixel plates. With high transparency and responsive color variations controlled by ink compositions and ambient temperatures, advanced 3D stacking multichannel coding and Morse coding techniques can be applied for multi‐information storage, complex anticounterfeiting, and information interference. This study paves an avenue for the design and development of dynamic photonic inks and complex encryption technologies for high‐end anticounterfeiting applications.
Oligomerization of ethylene promoted by methylaluminoxane activated arylchalcogenyl‐sulfonate nickel(II) complexes
Authors: da Costa Miriã Terra , Lopes Eric Francis , Oliboni Robson S. , Lüdtke Diogo S. , Casagrande Osvaldo L. , Stieler Rafael
Published: December 2022

A new synthetic route to arylchalcogenyl‐sulfonate ligands (E,SO) (E = Se, S) and the synthesis and ethylene reactivity of two new nickel complexes [NiCl(py)(E,SO)] (Ni1, E = Se; Ni2, E = S) are reported. The minimum energy structures of the complexes were determined by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For both compounds, the triplet and singlet 1 structures (with Cl trans to chalcogen) are higher in energy compared with singlet 2 (with Cl cis to chalcogen). Under initial catalytic condition (MAO, [Al/Ni] = 300, time = 20 min, T = 30°C) complex Ni1 oligomerizes ethylene with turnover frequencies (TOF) of 32.6 × 103 (mol ethylene) (mol Ni)−1 (h)−1 with 81.3% of 1‐butene production. The use of different cocatalyst systems (MAO/TMA or MAO/TiBA in an equimolar ratio) led to lower activities and poor selectivity for 1‐C4. Under optimized reaction conditions (MAO, [Al/Ni] = 600, time = 20 min, T = 30°C), the phenylthionyl complex Ni2 was 1.7 times more active than the phenylselenyl analog, with TOF of 72.3 × 103 (mol ethylene) (mol Ni)−1 (h)−1 with 84.3% of 1‐butene selectivity. DFT calculations suggest that the lowest lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy and highest natural charge at the Ni center could be associated to the higher activity of Ni2 compared with the phenylselenyl analog Ni1.
Criteria for Hyperinflammation Developing in COVID‐19: Analysis of 2 Cohorts From Different Periods of the Pandemic
Authors: Amikishiyev Shirkhan , Gunver M. Guven , Bektas Murat , Aghamuradov Sarvan , Ince Burak , Koca Nevzat , Torun Ege Sinan , Aliyeva Numune , Sari Selma , Cetin Cigdem , Yalcin‐Dulundu Banu C. , Deniz Rabia , Kemik Fatih , Agargun Besim Fazil , Gulseren Ubeyde Ayse , Besisik Beliz , Alkan Onur , Bagriacik Ceren , Tor Yavuz B. , Senkal Naci , Catma Yunus , Durak Gorkem , Mese Sevim , Agacfidan Ali , Kose Murat , Erelel Mustafa , Cagatay A. Atahan , Simsek‐Yavuz Serap , Kalayoglu‐Besisik Sevgi , Esen Figen , Gül Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Objective

Hyperinflammation (HI) that develops in week 2 of COVID‐19 contributes to a worse outcome. Because week 2 laboratory findings can be relatively mild, the available criteria for classification of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis or macrophage activation syndrome are not helpful.

Methods

Our study included a discovery cohort of patients from Turkey with symptomatic COVID‐19 who were followed up while hospitalized during the initial wave and a replication cohort of hospitalized patients from a later period, all of whom required oxygen support and received glucocorticoids. Diagnosis of HI was made by an expert panel; most patients with COVID‐19–associated HI (HIC) received tocilizumab or anakinra. Clinical and laboratory data from start day of treatment with tocilizumab or anakinra in HIC patients were compared with the data from day 5–6 in patients without HIC. Values maximizing the sensitivity and specificity of each parameter were calculated to determine criteria items.

Results

The discovery cohort included 685 patients, and the replication cohort included 156 patients, with 150 and 61 patients receiving treatment for HI, respectively. Mortality rate in HI patients in the discovery cohort (23.3%) was higher than the rate in patients without HI (3.7%) and the rate in patients in the overall replication cohort (10.3%). The 12‐item criteria that we developed for HIC showed that a score of 35 provided 85.3% sensitivity and 81.7% specificity for identification of HIC. In the replication cohort, the same criteria resulted in 90.0% sensitivity for HIC; however, lower specificity values were observed because of the inclusion of milder cases of HIC responding only to glucocorticoids.

Conclusion

The use of the 12‐item criteria for HIC can better define patients with HIC with reasonable sensitivity and specificity and enables an earlier treatment start.

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High fidelity one‐pot DNA assembly using orthogonal serine integrases
Authors: Abioye Jumai , Lawson‐Williams Makeba , Lecanda Alicia , Calhoon Brecken , McQue Arlene L. , Colloms Sean D. , Stark W. Marshall , Olorunniji Femi J.
Published: December 2022

Background

Large serine integrases (LSIs, derived from temperate phages) have been adapted for use in a multipart DNA assembly process in vitro, called serine integrase recombinational assembly (SIRA). The versatility, efficiency, and fidelity of SIRA is limited by lack of a sufficient number of LSIs whose activities have been characterized in vitro.

Methods and Major Results

In this report, we compared the activities in vitro of 10 orthogonal LSIs to explore their suitability for multiplex SIRA reactions. We found that Bxb1, ϕR4, and TG1 integrases were the most active among the set we studied, but several others were also usable. As proof of principle, we demonstrated high‐efficiency one‐pot assembly of six DNA fragments (made by PCR) into a 7.5 kb plasmid that expresses the enzymes of the β‐carotenoid pathway in Escherichia coli, using six different LSIs. We further showed that a combined approach using a few highly active LSIs, each acting on multiple pairs of att sites with distinct central dinucleotides, can be used to scale up “poly‐part” gene assembly and editing.

Conclusions and Implications

We conclude that use of multiple orthogonal integrases may be the most predictable, efficient, and programmable approach for SIRA and other in vitro applications.
Granulomatous polyangiitis misdiagnosed as hematogenous lung abscess: A case report
Authors: Yang Yong , Chang Xiao‐Yue
Published: December 2022

Granuloma polyangiitis (GPA) is a necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, which is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly affects the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys. Clinically, the clinical manifestations of GPA vary greatly, and it is extremely easy to be misdiagnosed. We report a 60‐year‐old man with granulomatous polyangiitis with dysuria and parotid gland enlargement as the first symptom. As the condition worsened, he gradually developed symptoms in multiple systems such as persistent high fever, nosebleeds, hemoptysis, skin rash, and multiple cavities in the lungs. Due to high fever, hemoptysis, and the gradual expansion of lung cavities, the suspected hematogenous lung abscess was not well controlled and transferred to the respiratory department. The manifestation of involvement was finally confirmed by skin biopsy. Biopsy was performed on the skin of the lower extremities with a dark red rash with multiple microprojections. Pathology indicated neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis of small vessel walls, and granuloma formation. Blood anti‐protease 3 antibody (PR3) was positive Monotherapy with prednisone. Body temperature gradually returned to normal; hemoptysis and nasal bleeding disappeared; parotid gland enlargement and dysuria relieved, and lung cavities gradually reduced. When anti‐infective treatment is ineffective, we should consider the presence of some non‐infectious diseases, especially when multiple systems are involved; biopsy should be performed as soon as possible. Granulomatous polyangiitis has various manifestations. Parotid glands and prostate may also be the first organs involved, not limited to common targets such as the respiratory tract and kidneys.
A distinctive cytomorphological feature of interstitial pneumonia–related lung adenocarcinoma: The potential issues and solutions in practical diagnosis
Authors: Sugiyama Misaki , Matsumura Mai , Sekiya Motoki , Honda Emi , Sekine Akimasa , Arai Hiromasa , Okudela Koji
Published: December 2022

Background

The cytological features of interstitial pneumonia (IP)–related lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) have not been clearly described. This study aimed to describe its cytomorphological features, uncover potential problems in practical cytological diagnosis, and provide possible solutions.

Methods

Bronchial brushing cytology samples from 40 IP‐related LADC cases (the IP group) and 110 control cases (LADC unrelated to IP; the non‐IP group) were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery after brushing cytology, and their histopathological subtypes were determined. The authors reviewed the cytological features and focused particularly on cytoplasmic mucin production.

Results

In the IP group, neoplastic cells with cytoplasmic mucin were detected at a significantly higher frequency (44.4% [8 of 18] vs. 6.3% [4 of 64]), and most of them were invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMAs). Twenty‐two of the 40 LADC cases in the IP group failed to be judged as “malignant/positive” (thus, they were judged to be “equivocal and/or negative”). The frequency of equivocal and/or negative judgments was 55.0% (22 of 40) in the IP group and 41.8% (46 of 110) in the non‐IP group. The cytological diagnosis of IMA was difficult because it showed only slight nuclear atypia. Therefore, the authors examined the immunocytochemical expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), a diagnostic marker for IMA. As a result, four of the six cases that were judged to be equivocal in the IP group showed positive signals and could be retrospectively judged as malignant/positive.

Conclusions

The cytological diagnosis of IP‐related LADC may be more difficult because of the larger proportion of IMA. Immunocytochemistry for HNF4α can be used to improve diagnostic confidence in IP‐related LADC.
Ecohydrological separation in a pair catchments covered with natural grassland and planted forestland on the Chinese Loess Plateau: Evidence from a one‐year stable isotope observation
Authors: Liu Jinzhao , Jiang Chong , Guo Li , Hu Jing
Published: December 2022

Plantation and natural restoration has been practised on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). However, how vegetation restorations affect ecohydrological processes remains unclear. Here, we investigated δ18O and δ2H values in rainwater/snow, soil mobile and less‐mobile water, and root/stem and leaf water under different vegetation covers in two neighbouring catchments (non‐woods from DZG‐Grassland, trees and understory from YJG‐Forestland) over 1‐year period. Soil mobile and less‐mobile water showed significantly distinct δ18O and δ2H values across months, but isotopic offsets between plant stems/roots and soil mobile and less‐mobile water (Δ18OM and Δ18OLM or Δ2HM and Δ2HLM) were consistent across vegetation types. These results supported ecohydrological separation, with a dynamic exchange between soil mobile and less‐mobile water on the CLP. The widespread isotopic offsets existed in the contrasted catchments, challenging the prior assumption of no isotope fractionation during root water uptake in the most terrestrial plants. Difference in leaf water isotopes was non‐significant across vegetation types, indicating that leaf water transpiration varied less significantly with vegetation types. Comparisons of the isotopic ecohydrology between forestland and grassland will help elucidate the hydrological cycle on the CLP.
A study on the IOS application “uHear” as a screening tool for hearing loss in Bangkok
Authors: Bunnag Kanokrat , Kaewsalubsri Wikallaya , Junthong Sirinan , Kulthaveesup Anan
Published: December 2022

Objective

This study was designed to compare the results of hearing tests performed using the uHear application with those of standard audiometry in Thai people in Bangkok.

Methods

From December 2018 to November 2019, a prospective observational study was conducted involving Thai participants aged between 18 and 80 years. All participants were tested using standard audiometry and the uHear application in a soundproof booth and in a typical hearing environment.

Results

This study included 52 participants (12 males and 40 females). The Bland–Altman plot with the Minimal Clinical Meaningful Difference of 10 dB between standard audiometry and the uHear in a soundproof booth found agreement at 2000 Hz. The uHear in a soundproof booth showed high sensitivity at all frequencies (82.5%–98.9%) and high specificity at 500 and 1000 Hz (85.7%–100%). uHear in a typical hearing environment showed high sensitivity at 4000 and 6000 Hz (97.6%) and high specificity at 500 and 1000 Hz (100%). When considering the pure‐tone average, uHear in a soundproof booth showed high sensitivity (94.7%) and specificity (90.7%), whereas, in a typical hearing environment, uHear showed poor sensitivity (34%) and high specificity (100%).

Conclusion

uHear was accurate for hearing loss screening at 2000 Hz in a soundproof booth. However, uHear in a typical hearing environment lacked accuracy. The uHear application in a soundproof booth can be used to screen hearing loss in some situations where standard audiometry is impossible.

Level of Evidence

II.
Lieb's and Lions' type theorems on Heisenberg group and applications
Authors: Wang Sainan
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we make an effort to establish Lieb's and Lions' type theorems on Heisenberg group and then apply them to study the existence of solution for variational problem on Heisenberg group.
Open‐labelled study to monitor the effect of an amino acid formula on symptom management in children with spinal muscular atrophy type I: The SMAAF pilot study
Authors: O'Connor Graeme , Edel Lisa , Raquq Sarah , Bowerman Melissa , Szmurlo Agnieszka , Simpson Zoe , Hardy Isobel , Fewtrell Mary , Baranello Giovanni
Published: December 2022

Background

An increasing number of families with children who have spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are incorporating a special amino acid diet into their child's feeding regimens. Characteristics of the diet include high‐carbohydrate and low‐fat content with added probiotics. However, because of insufficient evidenced‐based research, clinicians are unable to prescribe or endorse this diet. Our aim was to assess the tolerability of an adapted version of the traditional amino acid diet in children with SMA type I.

Methods

Children with SMA type I were recruited if they were enterally fed and experienced at least one gastrointestinal symptom (reflux, vomiting, constipation, and/or diarrhea). Children were transitioned to an amino acid formula (Neocate Syneo‐Nutricia) for 8 weeks. Feeding tolerance was measured weekly by telephone consultation to monitor reflux, vomiting, stool consistency, and frequency.

Results

Fourteen children were recruited, the mean age was 4.1 years (±1.2 SD), and 64% of participants were female. The mean resting energy expenditure determined by indirect calorimetry was 51.5 kcal/kg (±7 SD). The most common gastrointestinal complaint before switching to the amino acid formula was constipation, which was reported in 12 of 14 (85%) patients, of which 10 of the 12 (83%) children required daily stool softeners/laxatives to help regulate bowel function. After 8 weeks on the amino acid formula, 10 out of 12 (83%) children stopped or reduced constipation medication.

Conclusion

Children with SMA type I who display gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and reflux may benefit from an amino acid formula that is fortified with probiotics.
Investigation of the effects of nanoparticle reinforcement on the mechanical properties of woven composites
Authors: Ergün Raşit Koray , Adin Hamit
Published: December 2022

Nanoparticles are used in many areas related to composite materials. Recently, the importance of nanoparticle‐reinforced materials in advanced technology has been gradually increasing. In this study, epoxy reinforced with various nanoparticles, and neat epoxy were used to produce woven composites. The fatigue behaviors of woven composites reinforced with various nanoparticles under tension‐compression fatigue loads were investigated. The tensile and fatigue strengths of woven composites enhanced with nanoparticles were compared with woven composites without nanoparticles. Tensile tests showed that the woven composites reinforced with nanoparticles were damaged at high loads. Fatigue tests revealed that the woven composites reinforced with nanoparticles exhibited high cycle numbers. Adding 0.5%, 1%, and %3 nano‐CuO to epoxy increased the cycle numbers of the woven composites by 25%, 67%, and 75% respectively at 60% load level. The failure mechanisms of woven type composite materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber fractures and delamination damages of samples were observed.
Self‐Assembly of Magnetic Nanochains in an Intrinsic Magnetic Dipole Force‐Dominated Regime
Authors: Chen Yulan , El‐Ghazaly Amal
Published: December 2022

Magnetic nanoparticle chains offer the anisotropic magnetic properties that are often desirable for micro‐ and nanoscale systems; however, to date, large‐scale fabrication of these nanochains is limited by the need for an external magnetic field during the synthesis. In this work, the unique self‐assembly of nanoparticles into chains as a result of their intrinsic dipolar interactions only is examined. In particular, it is shown that in a high concentration reaction regime, the dipole–dipole coupling between two neighboring magnetic iron cobalt (FeCo) nanocubes, was significantly strengthened due to small separation between particles and their high magnetic moments. This dipole–dipole interaction enables the independent alignment and synthesis of magnetic FeCo nanochains without the assistance of any templates, surfactants, or even external magnetic field. Furthermore, the precursor concentration ([M] = 0.016, 0.021, 0.032, 0.048, 0.064, and 0.096 m) that dictates the degree of dipole interaction is examined—a property dependent on particle size and inter‐particle distance. By varying the spinner speed, it is demonstrated that the balance between magnetic dipole coupling and fluid dynamics can be used to understand the self‐assembly process and control the final structural topology from that of dimers to linear chains (with aspect ratio >10:1) and even to branched networks. Simulations unveil the magnetic and fluid force landscapes that determine the individual nanoparticle interactions and provide a general insight into predicting the resulting nanochain morphology. This work uncovers the enormous potential of an intrinsic magnetic dipole‐induced assembly, which is expected to open new doors for efficient fabrication of 1D magnetic materials, and the potential for more complex assemblies with further studies.
NIR Responsive Doxorubicin‐Loaded Hollow Copper Ferrite @ Polydopamine for Synergistic Chemodynamic/Photothermal/Chemo‐Therapy
Authors: Chu Xiao , Zhang Liufang , Li Yiling , He Yue , Zhang Yu , Du Chang
Published: December 2022

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most serious bone malignancy, and the survival rate has not significantly improved in the past 40 years. Thus, it is urgent to develop a new strategy for OS treatment. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) as a novel therapeutic method can destroy cancer cells by converting endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). However, the therapeutic efficacy of CDT is severely limited by the low catalytic efficiency and overexpressed glutathione (GSH). Herein, an excellent nanocatalytic platform is constructed via a simple solvothermal method using F127 as a soft template to form the hollow copper ferrite (HCF) nanoparticle, followed by the coating of polydopamine on the surface and the loading of doxorubicin (DOX). The Fe3+ and Cu2+ released from HCF@polydopamine (HCFP) can deplete GSH through the redox reactions, and then trigger the H2O2 to generate ·OH by Fenton/Fenton‐like reaction, resulting in enhanced CDT efficacy. Impressively, the photothermal effect of HCFP can further enhance the efficiency of CDT and accelerate the release of DOX. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that the synergistic chemodynamic/photothermal/chemo‐therapy exhibits a significantly enhanced anti‐OS effect. This work provides a promising strategy for OS treatment.