bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LATIHAN SIRKUIT TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEKUATAN OTOT LENGAN DAN KEKUATAN OTOT TUNGKAI PADA MAHASISWA KLUB BOLA TANGAN FIK UNJ
Authors: Arif Muhamad
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan circuit training dalam meningkatkan kekuatan otot lengan. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan rancangan true exsperimental design yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suatu variabel bebas (treatment) terhadap variabel terikat dengan cara memanipulasi variabel bebas untuk kemudian melihat efeknya pada variabel terikat. Dalam penelitian ini akan dideskripsikan mengenai besarnya pengaruh variabel bebas (treatment) program latihan sirkuit (circuit training) terhadap variable terikat (Y) peningkatan kekuatan otot lengan dan kekuatan otot tungkai. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan sebuah rancangan penelitian The One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di FIK UNJ, pada bulan Mei s.d November 2018. hasil penelitian ini adalah model latihan sirkuit (circuit training) dapat meningkatkan kekuatan otot lengan pada mahasiswa klub bola tangan FIK UNJ dan model latihan sirkuit (cicuit training) dapat meningkatkan kekuatan otot tungkai pada mahasiswa klub bola tangan FIK UNJ.
Kepatuhan Protokol Kesehatan Untuk Memulai Kembali Olahraga Renang Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Amin Bazuri Fadillah , Sukur Abdul , Budiningsih Marlinda
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepatuhan masyarakat DKI Jakarta memulai kembali aktivitas olahraga khususnya cabang olahraga renang. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods dengan model concurrent embedded, metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk memperoleh data kepatuhan Protokol kesehatan dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner elektronik yang disebar kepada masyarakat Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan data sekunder digunakan untuk menguraikan bagaimana data kasus COVID-19 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dapat digunakan sebagai benchmark memulai kembali aktivitas olahraga khususnya cabang olahraga renang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada bulan Oktober tahun 2020. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat DKI Jakarta dalam pencegahan COVID-19 dalam kategori baik, serta setuju apabila sarana dan prasarana olahraga renang dibuka kembali. Keputusan mengenai dimulainya kembali kegiatan olahraga harus didasarkan pada informasi medis yang objektif mengenai transmisi COVID-19 di wilayah tersebut dan harus dikonsultasikan dengan cermat dalam keputusan mengenai waktu dimulainya kembali aktivitas olahraga.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to find out the compliance of the people of DKI Jakarta to restart sports activities, especially swimming sports.This study used mixed methods with concurrent embedded model, quantitative method used to obtain health protocol compliance data using electronic questionnaire method distributed to the people of DKI Jakarta Province.Qualitative approach with secondary data is used to describe how COVID-19 case data in DKI Jakarta Province can be used as a benchmark to restart sports activities, especially swimming sports.This research was conducted in DKI Jakarta Province in October 2020.The results stated that the level of compliance of the people of DKI Jakarta in the prevention of COVID-19 is in a good category, and agreed if swimming sports facilities and infrastructure are reopened.Decisions regarding the re-commenion of sports activities should be based on objective medical information regarding the transmission of COVID-19 in the region and should be carefully consulted in decisions regarding the timing of the re-start of sports activities.
Efektifitas Pelatihan Materi Fisiologi Olahraga Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Materi Fisiologi Olahraga Pada Pelatih Cabang Olahraga DKI Jakarta
Authors: Eko Juli Fitrianto  , Sujiono Bambang , Hermanto
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Fisiologi olahraga merupakan salah satu materi wajib yang diberikan pada  pelatihan cabang olahraga karena dinilai sebagai salah satu materi dasar yang perlu dipahami dan diaplikasikan oleh pelatih dalam melaksanakan latihan. Pemahaman mengenai materi fisiologi olahraga membantu pelatih untuk memahami respon tubuh atlet terhadap beban latihan yang diberikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar efektifitas pelatihan materi fisiologi olahraga terhadap tingkat pengetahuan materi fisiologi olahraga pada pelatih cabang olahraga DKI Jakarta. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang pelatih yang tergabung pada Pengprov DKI Jakarta yang menjadi peserta pada pelatihan materi fisiologi olahraga pada pelatih cabang olahraga DKI Jakarta. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan pada taraf signifikan α = 0,05, didapat thitung = 7,27 dan t tabel (0,05;43) = 2,02. Dengan demikian t hitung > t tabel, sehingga H0 ditolak sehihngga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat efektifitas pelatihan materi fisiologi olahraga terhadap tingkat pengetahuan materi fisiologi olahraga pada pelatih cabang olahraga DKI Jakarta.

Kata Kunci: Tingkat Pengetahuan, Fisiologi Olahraga, Pelatih Cabang Olahraga

ABSTRACT

Sports physiology is one of the mandatory materials given in sports training because it is considered one of the basic materials that need to be understood and applied by coaches in carrying out exercises. An understanding of exercise physiology material helps the coach to understand the response of the athlete's body to the given training load. The purpose of this study was to determine how effective the training of exercise physiology material was on the level of knowledge of exercise physiology material in sports coaches in DKI Jakarta. The sample of this research is 44 trainers who are members of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government who are participants in the training of exercise physiology material for coaches in the DKI Jakarta sports branch. Based on the results of calculations at the significant level = 0.05, obtained tcount = 7.27 and t table (0.05;43) = 2.02. Thus, t count > t table, so that H0 is rejected so that it can be concluded that there is an effectiveness of training in exercise physiology material on the level of knowledge of exercise physiology material in sports coaches in DKI Jakarta.
Hubungan Antara Gaya Hidup Dan Tingkat Kebugaran Volunteer Penggerak Olahraga Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Amin Bazuri Fadillah , Mustara
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKGaya hidup sehat mempunyai peranan yang penting untuk meningkatkan kesehatan setiap individu. Gaya hidup merupakan perilaku dan kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan upaya mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kesehatan sehingga mempengaruhi tingkat kebugaran jasmani. Kebugaran jasmani memiliki arti kemampuan tubuh dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari tanpa kelelahan dan masih cukup energi. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaya hidup dengan tingkat kebugaran jasmani volunteer penggerak olahraga di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian non-eksperimental untuk menguji kebugaran jasmani. Rancangan penelitian dengan pendekatan cross sectional menggunakan metode analisa deskriptif korelasi. Sampel penelitian dengan teknik purposive sampling menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner gaya hidup dan pengukuran tingkat kebugaran jasmani menggunakan multistage fitnes test. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2021. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa responden dengan kategori gaya hidup baik memiliki tingkat kebugaran fisik yang bugar yaitu dibanding dengan volunteer dengan kategori gaya hidup biasa. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup dengan tingkat kebugaran volunteer Penggerak Olahraga Provinsi DKI Jakarta.Kata Kunci: Gaya hidup, tingkat kebugaran jasmani, volunteer penggerak olahraga

ABSTRACTA healthy lifestyle has an important role to improve the health of each individual. Lifestyle is behavior and activities related to efforts to maintain and improve health so that it affects the level of physical fitness. Physical fitness means the body's ability to carry out daily activities without fatigue and still have enough energy. Research Objectives: To determine the relationship between lifestyle and the level of physical fitness of volunteer Penggerak Olahraga in DKI Jakarta Province. Methodology: This research is a quantitative research with a non-experimental type of research to test physical fitness. The research design with a cross sectional approach uses a descriptive correlation analysis method. The research sample using purposive sampling technique using research instruments in the form of a lifestyle questionnaire and measuring the level of physical fitness using a multistage fitness test. This research was conducted in October 2021. The results of the study stated that respondents with a good lifestyle category had a fit level of physical fitness compared to volunteers with an Hubungan Antara Gaya Hidup Dan Tingkat Kebugaran Volunteer Penggerak Olahraga Provinsi DKI Jakarta ordinary lifestyle category. There is a significant relationship between lifestyle and fitness level of the DKI Jakarta Province Penggerak Olahraga Volunteers.Keywords: Lifestyle, Level of Physical Fitness, Penggerak Olahraga Volunteer
A Literature Review on the Research and Development of Chinese and Western Re-translation
Authors: Xu Xinyi
Published: March 2024

Retranslation is one of the most important and controversial concepts in the history of translation. Although the definition of retranslation in different historical periods is different, more or less having a certain extended meaning reflecting the social and cultural background at that time, but the debates on “ancient and modern”, “accuracy and inaccuracy” and “literary and quality” produced by and around this phenomenon has promoted the further development of translation theories. With the frequent and increasingly diversified cultural exchanges brought about by economic globalization, the concept of “retranslation” has not only been eliminated by the times, but also has a new charm because of its characteristics of “overall problem-based research path” and “moving forward in a controversial pattern” (Gao, 2016a). As Gao Cun (2016a) said, “In the history of Chinese literary translation, the phenomenon of retranslation, which can be considered as the retranslation of the same literary works by different translators, is universal.” This paper is mainly divided into four parts, in which the body part is roughly classified in terms of chronological order, spatial order and different kind of viewpoints to present and discuss the various disputes and the development process and trend of retranslation.
Analysis of Language Maintenance and Dialect Program Broadcasting
Authors: Ye Jiamei
Published: March 2024

This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of dialect programs in TV media, and explores how they can contribute to the preservation and protection of local language and culture. It argues that dialect programs have unique benefits in highlighting cultural diversity and maintaining linguistic heritage, but also face challenges in terms of language norms, intercultural integration, and media functions. It suggests that relevant departments and media workers should improve the supervision, management, innovation, and rationalization of dialect programs, and follow the basic principles of local language and culture promotion and protection. It concludes that dialect programs are an important medium for disseminating and safeguarding local language and culture, and should be given more attention and support in the process of language maintenance.
Nanoparticle-Enhanced Water-Based-Emulsion Fracturing Fluid for Improved Imbibition Recovery in Unconventional Reservoirs: Performance and Mechanism
Authors: Cao Mengjiao , Wang Ruoyu , Li Yuchen , Dai Caili , Yan Xiang , Zhang Liyuan , Wu Yining
Published: March 2024

The conventional friction reducer, typically a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, used in slickwater, encounters challenges related to poor environmental friendliness, limited stability, and low activity, hindering its widespread applicability. In this study, we synthesized a water-based emulsion through water dispersion polymerization, incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) into the process to enhance the stability and activity of the polymer emulsion. The result is an environmentally friendly, oil-phase-free, instantly dissolution, and highly efficient friction reducer, intended to optimize the utilization efficiency of slickwater.

The NP-enhanced water-based emulsion demonstrated a consistent and spherical dispersion, featuring an average particle size of ~10 μm, maintaining stability for more than 6 months. With rapid dissolution in water, achieved within a mere 38 seconds, it facilitated continuous on-the-fly mixing. Slickwater composed of this emulsion exhibited outstanding application performance, yielding a remarkable 76% reduction in pipeline friction. The presence of NPs and specific monomers facilitated the formation of a spatial network structure that maintains high temperature/shear resistance even after prolonged shear.

Moreover, the system exhibited an exceptional capacity for imbibition oil production. Indoor spontaneous imbibition experiments showed a final recovery rate of 32.41% in tight oil cores (~10% higher than conventional systems), and imbibition depth reached 40.2 mm (1.2-fold increase compared with traditional systems). Field experiments were conducted in a tight oil reservoir to validate practical applications; the results further validated the effectiveness of the novel system. The treated wells showcased rapid oil production, reaching an average daily production rate of 55.8 t/d and water content as low as ~31%, satisfying the predicted production target.
Single-cell sequencing reveals immune landscape of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression
Authors: li yue , Liu Jinguo , Zhang Hua
Published: March 2024

During the process of NSCLC using TILs therapy, the heterogeneity of immune cell was revealed by using combined single-cell RNA (scRNA)/ T cell receptor (scTCR) sequencing -seq data from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Naïve CD4+ T was increased in tumor tissue compared with circulating blood samples, activated signaling pathways were recognized, and GZMA was identified as a potential novel diagnostic biomarker. The scTCR-seq repertoire was also investigated. At transition state, macrophages (FTL) and dendritic (AIF1) cells transferred the most CD3 TCR clones to T (IL7R) cells, and cytotoxicity (NKG7) transported to terminal exhausted (CCL5) CD8+ T cells. At transition and expansion state, T helper (CXCL13) transported the most CD3 TCR clones to regulatory T (FOXP3) cells. The expression profiling of cytokines, checkpoint receptors and their ligands during tumor progression were also investigated. T helper (FTL, TNFRSF4 and TIGIT) and regulatory T (CTLA4, TIGIT and FTL) show up at the initial stage of normal and metastatic samples, while cytotoxicity (FGFBP2, NKG7, PRF1 and CCL5) CD8+ T cells still appears at the final stage of normal and metastatic samples. Taken together, our study provides the single cell level of TILs in NSCLC and offers treatment strategies to overcome drug resistance.
Combatting synthetic dye toxicity through exploring the potential of lignin peroxidase from Pseudomonas fluorescence LiP RL5
Authors: Rathour Ranju Kumari , Rana Nidhi , Sharma Vaishali , Sharma Nitish , Bhatt Arvind Kumar , BHATIA RAVI KANT
Published: March 2024

Untreated disposal of toxic synthetic dyes is a serious threat to the environment. Every year, several thousand gallons of dyes are being disposed into the water resources without any sustainable detoxification. The accumulation of hazardous dyes in the environment poses a severe threat to the human health, flora, fauna, and microflora. Therefore, in the present study, a lignin peroxidase enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescence LiP-RL5 has been employed for the maximal detoxification of selected commercially used dyes. The enzyme production from the microorganism was enhanced ~ 20 folds using statistical optimization tool response surface methodology. Four different combinations (pH, production time, seed age, and inoculum size) were found to be crucial for the higher production of LiP. The crude enzyme showed decolorization action on commonly used commercial dyes such as Crystal violet, Congo red, Malachite green, and Coomassie brilliant blue. Successful toxicity mitigation of these dyes culminated in the improved seed germination in three plant species, Vigna radiate (20–60%), Cicer arietinum (20–40%), and Phaseolus vulgaris (10–25%). The LiP treated dyes also exhibit reduced bactericidal effects against four common resident microbial species, Escherichia coli (2–10 mm), Bacillus sp. (4–8 mm), Pseudomonas sp. (2–8 mm), and Lactobacillus sp. (2–10 mm). Therefore, apart from the tremendous industrial applications, the LiP from Pseudomonas fluorescence LiP-RL5 could be a potential biocatalyst for the detoxification of synthetic dyes.
Impact of family doctor contracting on the health status of the mobile population
Authors: Feng Wenjia , Geng Pengxin , Chen Junli , Gao Qianqian , Cai Weiqin , Jing Qi , Gao Runguo , Ma Anning , An Hongqing
Published: March 2024

Background
In 2009, China's new healthcare reform proposed strengthening the primary healthcare system, emphasizing "the provision of active, continuous and responsible services, and the comprehensive development of various models of family doctor services." Family doctor contracting has been verified in theory and practice to promote residents' health; however, studies on family doctor contracting for the migrant population are limited. This study focuses on family doctors to empirically examine the relationship between family doctor contracting and citizens' health among the mobile population.
Methods
Based on data from the 2018 National Migrant Population Health and Family Planning Dynamic Monitoring Survey, using SPSS 25.0 and STATA16.0 software, multiple linear regression model (OLS) and propensity score matching (PSM) methods were used to explore the influence of family doctor contracting on the migrant population's autonomy and evaluate the impact on health status.
Results
OLS revealed that family doctor contracting among the floating population had a positive impact on self-rated health status (P < 0.05); the PSM test revealed that the self-rated health status of the floating population with contracted family doctors increased by approximately 2.21–3.15%, compared to those without contracted family doctors.
Conclusion
The family doctor contracting rate among the floating population is low. Individuals who have not enrolled with family doctors among the floating population have poorer self-assessed health status than those who have. Family doctor contracting among the floating population positively promotes their self-assessed health status. Policymakers should actively promote family doctor contracting services for the migrant population in their place of residence, improve the basic public health service system, and enable the migrant population to enjoy the same benefits as local residents.
Riparian plant-soil-microbial C: N: P stoichiometry: are they conserved at plant functional group level?
Authors: Li Xingfu , Liu Yu , Chen Dan , Ding Chenxiang , Ma Pu , He Jing , Su Derong
Published: March 2024

As a consequence of the tight linkages between plants, soil, and microorganisms, we hypothesized the variations in plant species would change soil and microbial stoichiometry. Here, we examined the plant leaf C: N: P ratios of nine species coming from three plant functional groups (PFGs) in the riparian zones of Hulunbuir steppe during near-peak biomass. The soil C: N: P, MBC: MBN, and extracellular enzyme’s C: N: P were also assessed using the soils from each species. We found that plant tissue, soil nutrients, microbial, and enzyme activities stoichiometry significantly differed among different PFGs. Plant leaf and soil nutrient ratios tended to similar (p > 0.05) between different species within the same PFGs. The variations in leaf C: N: P significantly correlated with the changes in soil C: N: P and MBC: MBN ratios. The homeostatic coefficients (H) < 1 suggested the relationships between plants and their resources C: N: P ratios might be non-homeostatic in the examined riparian zone. By assessing plant tissue and its soils nutrient stoichiometry, this study provided a perspective to understand the linkages of plant communtity, soil nutrient and microbial characteristics.
Long-Term Adherence in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Suggests Feasibility of a Novel Therapeutic Ultrasound Device to Treat Vulvovaginal Atrophy
Authors: Baber Rodney , Colombo Gianna , Dreon Darlene , Lashanlo Sara , Rockweiler Holly , Kingsberg Sheryl
Published: March 2024

Background
A randomized (1:1), double-blind, sham-controlled study assessed effectiveness of home-use therapeutic ultrasound for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in post-menopausal women. The objective of the present secondary analyses was to assess participant-reported compared to objectively-tracked adherence to the home-use therapy, and the association between treatment adherence and VVA improvement.
Methods
Participants applied ultrasound 8 min/day to the vaginal introitus for 12 weeks followed by open-label ultrasound treatment to week 48. In 42 post-menopausal women (ages 48–70) with self-assessed vaginal dryness and clinician-diagnosed VVA, self-reported treatment adherence was collected by daily electronic diary. Objective adherence was obtained from a device log recording date, time, and use duration. Clinicians scored vaginal tissue health using the Vaginal Health Index (VHI).
Results
At week 12, self-reported and device-log adherence rates (mean ± SD; Paired t-test) in the modified intent-to-treat population were high among those who remained in the study and were similar in both active treatment (n = 14) and sham (n = 15) groups. Active treatment self-reported adherence was 85.44% ± 20.07% and device-log adherence was 80.66% ± 26.89% (P = 0.6). Sham self-reported adherence was 89.82% ± 8.01% and device-log adherence was 82.53% ± 20.31% (P = 0.2). There was a significant, positive association between ultrasound treatment dose and improved VHI from baseline to week 12 (r = 0.510, P = 0.04; Pearson’s correlation). Thereafter, among participants who remained enrolled in the study, adherence (by device log) was not significantly different at week 24 or week 48 compared to the first 12 weeks (P = 0.5, ANOVA). Compared to baseline (Paired t-test), improvement in VHI was seen at week 24 (P = 0.03) and week 48 (P = 0.06). There were no differences in treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) between ultrasound treatment versus sham. Participants liked that the ultrasound therapy was non-invasive (37%); easy to use (26%); less messy than typical treatments (16%); able to make the participant feel healthier (10%); and was able to generate tissue moisture (11%).
Conclusions
Participant-reported adherence was not statistically different than objectively tracked adherence. Both measures of adherence were high among those who remained in the study, and such adherence to daily, at-home ultrasound therapy proved efficacious in improving VVA.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03931213. 24/04/2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03931213?id=NCT03931213&rank=1&tab=history&a=2
Early nasal microbiota and subsequent respiratory tract infections in infants with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Korten Insa , Steinberg Ruth , Mostacci Nadja , Kieninger Elisabeth , Frauchiger Bettina , Casaulta Carmen , Usemann Jakob , Moeller Alexander , Trachsel Daniel , Rochat Isabelle , Blanchon Sylvain , Mueller-Suter Dominik , Kern Barbara , Zanolari Maura , Frey Urs , Ramsey Kathryn , Hilty Markus , Latzin Philipp
Published: March 2024

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a driving factor for lung function decline in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The respiratory microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis of LRTIs in healthy infants, data in CF infants is scarce. We compared nasal microbiota development between CF and healthy infants and assessed associations between early-life nasal microbiota, LRTIs and antibiotic treatment in CF infants. We analyzed the microbiota after amplification of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from 1511 biweekly nasal samples from 50 CF and 30 healthy infants. Microbiota diversity differed between CF infants and healthy controls following LRTIs and/or antibiotic treatment. CF infants with a lower α-diversity presented with a subsequent higher number of LRTIs. Early nasal microbiota alterations may contribute to an increased susceptibility to LRTIs in CF infants and may further increase after LRTIs and antibiotic treatment. This emphasizes the possible preventive potential of targeting the nasal microbiota in CF-related LRTI management.
Determinants of Customer Purchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Para-social Interaction
Authors: Peng Chen , Xiaoyu Quan , Fang Wen , Kun Liu
Published: March 2024

This study explores the influencing factors of Chinese consumers' purchase intention, with a focus on the mediating role of para-social interaction. It examines key attributes of influencers, including attractiveness, expertise, and trustworthiness in relation to consumer-brand recognition and purchase intention. By analyzing influencer marketing in China, the research underscores influencer attributes, para-social interaction, consumer-brand recognition, and para-social interaction in shaping consumer purchase intention. A total of 550 participants from China responded to the survey questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using SPSS-AMOS. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how para-social interactions impact purchase intentions in the Chinese market.
Atomic structures of a bacteriocin targeting Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Zhou Z. Hong , Cai Xiaoying , He Yao , Yu Iris , Imani Anthony , Scholl Dean , Miller Jeff
Published: March 2024

Due to envelope differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria1, engineering precision bactericidal contractile nanomachines2 requires atomic-level understanding of their structures; however, only those killing a Gram-negative bacterium are currently known3,4. Here, we report the atomic structures of an engineered diffocin, a contractile syringe-like molecular machine that kills the Gram-positive bacterium Clostridioides difficile. Captured in one pre-contraction and two post-contraction states, each structure fashions six proteins in the bacteria-targeting baseplate, two proteins in the energy-storing trunk, and a collar protein linking the sheath with the membrane-penetrating tube. Compared to contractile machines targeting Gram-negative bacteria, major differences reside in the baseplate and contraction magnitude, consistent with differences between their targeted envelopes. The multifunctional hub-hydrolase protein connects the tube and baseplate and is positioned to degrade peptidoglycan during penetration. The full-length tape measure protein forms a coiled-coil helix bundle homotrimer spanning the entire length of the diffocin. Our study offers mechanical insights and principles for designing potent protein-based precision antibiotics.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of podoplanin and their role in the concurrent occurrence of preeclampsia and HIV in women of African descent
Authors: Mtshali Zamahlabangane , Naicker Thajasvarie
Published: March 2024

Research has consistently demonstrated alterations in podoplanin expression within the placenta of women with preeclampsia. Notably, anomalous podoplanin expression has been observed within the syncytiotrophoblast layer, hinting at a possible involvement in the pathogenesis of the condition. This study aims to examine the possible connection between specific variations in podoplanin (rs1148455, rs10927904, and rs7518611) and susceptibility to preeclampsia. Participants were enrolled and grouped according to pregnancy type (control or preeclampsia), disease onset (early-onset or late-onset) and HIV status (negative or positive). Whole blood was collected and analysed using the TaqMan genotyping assay, comparisons were made using the Chi-squared test. Results showed a significant elevation in the TT genotype (rs1148455) in preeclampsia cases [CT vs TT: Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.5179, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.2815-0.9528, p = 0.0335] compared to control pregnancies. Subgroup analysis revealed a higher prevalence of the TT genotype (rs10927904) in late-onset preeclampsia [CT vs TT: OR = 0.5128, CI = 0.2623-1.003, p = 0.0494; TT vs CT/CC: OR = 0.5256, CI = 0.2766-0.9990, p = 0.0481] relative to control pregnancies. These findings highlight a genetic link between the TT genotype of rs1148455 with preeclampsia, consistent with immunoexpression studies involving podoplanin. Sub-group analysis further reveals an association of the TT genotype (rs10927904) with late-onset preeclampsia, a less severe form of disease indicating differing genetic predispositions between early and late-onset forms.
Contrasting effects of fire and rodent competition on western harvester ant activity and disk formation
Authors: Pienaar Ryan , Bishop Tara B. B. , Clair Samuel B. St
Published: March 2024

In North American deserts, the spread of invasive annual grasses is resulting in larger and more frequent fires that threaten the biological resilience and stability of desert ecosystems. Native consumers, including ants and rodents, likely have critical roles in defining post-fire plant community assembly and resilience to biological invasions. This study aimed to understand how western harvester ants (Pogonomyrmex occidentalis) that form mounds and large vegetation-free disks in the Great Basin Desert respond to fire and rodent community abundance. We tested this by installing treatment plots that excluded or allowed rodents and were burned or unburned in a full factorial design. We measured ant disk and mound size and density, along with a direct measure of ant activity in each experimental plot. Fire increased ant mound density by 126% compared to unburned plots. Rodent presence decreased ant activity by 39%, mound density by 59%, mound diameter by 13%, and mound height by 166%. We also show an interaction where the adverse effects of rodents on ants were greater in burned than in unburned plots. These results suggest that more frequent fires are likely to benefit ants, and fluctuations in rodent populations are likely to affect ant activity and disks and alter their responses to fire.
Risk factors and prognosis of hospital-acquired VTE in patients with sepsis
Authors: Li+ Shuangping , Huang+ Shenshen , Wang Wei , MAO Yimin
Published: March 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (VTE) in sepsis patients and the effect of VTE on the prognosis of sepsis patients.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 528 patients with sepsis who were hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology between January 2022 and September 2023 were included. Hospitalization data and 90-day survival data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the risk factors for hospital-acquired VTE in sepsis patients. K‒M survival curves were used to analyse the prognosis of sepsis patients with and without VTE. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the occurrence of VTE and 90-day mortality in patients with sepsis.
Results
According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 223 patients with sepsis were included 186 (83.4%) without VTE and 37 (16.9%) with VTE. The length of hospital stay (OR 1.509; 95% CI 1.030–1.089) and duration of mechanical ventilation (OR 3.845; 95% CI 1.297–11.585) were found to be independent risk factors for hospital-acquired VTE. K‒M survival analysis revealed a significant difference in 90-day prognosis between patients with and without VTE (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that VTE was a risk factor for death within 90 days of sepsis onset (OR 2.221; 95% CI 1.201–4.108).
Conclusion
The incidence of hospital-acquired VTE was high in sepsis patients although receiving thrombosis prevention, and the occurrence of VTE affected the prognosis of sepsis patients. The identification of risk factors could contribute to monitoring and preventing VTE, which may reduce the incidence of VTE and improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis.
Superconductivity in CaH6 and ThH10 investigated by fully ab initio Eliashberg method and self-consistent Green's function
Authors: Darussalam Alwan Abdillah , Koretsune Takashi
Published: March 2024

The pressurized hydrogen-based superconductors are phonon-mediated superconductors characterized by high phonon frequencies. In these superconductors, the structure of the density of states (DOS) around the Fermi energy (EF) becomes important in evaluating their transition temperature (Tc) due to their high phonon frequencies. We investigate this phenomenon by calculating Tc of Im-3m CaH6 and Fm-3m ThH10 within the framework of the fully ab initio Eliashberg method without introducing any adjustable parameter. Our calculated Tc agrees with the experimental Tc quantitatively. Remarkably, the self-consistent calculation for the electron Green's function leads to smaller Tc in these materials due to the existing dip structure in the DOS around EF. This finding is in contrast to cases of systems with peak structures in the DOS around EF, such as Im-3m H3S and Fm-3m LaH10, providing a unified understanding of how structures of DOS affect the evaluation of Tc.
HDAC7 is a specific therapeutic target in Acute Erythroid Leukemia
Authors: Goyama Susumu , Zhang Wenyu , Yamamoto Keita , Chang Yu-Hsuan , Yabushita Tomohiro , Hao Yangying , Shimura Ruka , Nakahara Jakushin , Shikata Shiori , Iida Kohei , Chen Qianyi , Zhang Xichen , Kitamura Toshio
Published: March 2024

Acute erythroleukemia (AEL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with a poor prognosis. In this study, we established a novel murine AEL model with Trp53 depletion and ERG overexpression. ERG overexpression in Trp53-deficient mouse bone marrow cells, but not in wild-type bone marrow cells, leads to AEL development within two months after transplantation with 100% penetrance. The established mouse AEL cells expressing Cas9 can be cultured in vitro, induce AEL in vivo even in unirradiated recipient mice, and enable to efficient gene ablation using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We also confirmed the cooperation between ERG overexpression and TP53 inactivation in promoting the growth of immature erythroid cells in human cord blood cells. Mechanistically, ERG antagonizes KLF1 and inhibits erythroid maturation, meanwhile TP53 deficiency promotes proliferation of erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, we identified HDAC7 as a specific susceptibility in AEL by the DepMap-based two-group comparison analysis. HDAC7 promotes the growth of human and mouse AEL cells both in vitro and in vivo through its non-enzymatic functions. Our study provides experimental evidence that TP53 deficiency and ERG overexpression are necessary and sufficient for the development of AEL and highlights HDAC7 as a promising therapeutic target for this disease.
Intelligent QLFEKF integrated navigation based on the X-ray pulsar / solar and target planetary Doppler for the SSBE cruise phase
Authors: Tao Wenjian , Song Jianing , Lin Qin , Wang Hui , Chen Zebin , Yang Jikun , Wang Jihe , Zhang Jinxiu
Published: March 2024

The Solar System Boundary Exploration (SSBE) is the focal point for future far-reaching space exploration. Due to the SSBE having many scientific difficulties that need to be studied, such as super-long space exploratorydistance, super-long flighttime in orbit, and super-large communication data delay between the ground and the probe, the probe must have sufficient intelligence to realize intelligent autonomous navigation. The traditional navigation schemes have been unable to provide high accuracy autonomous intelligent navigation independent on the ground for the probe. Therefore, high accuracyintelligent astronomical integrated navigation would provide new methods and technologies for the navigation of the SSBE. The probe of the SSBE is disturbed by multiple sources of solar light pressure and the complex unknown environment during the long cruise operation in orbit. In order to ensure the position stateand velocity state error estimation high accuracy for the probe cruise phase, an autonomous intelligent integrated navigation scheme based on the X-ray pulsar / solar and target planetary Doppler velocity measurement is proposed. The reinforcement Q-learning method is introduced, and the reward mechanism is designed for trial-and-error tuning of stateand observationnoise error covariance parameters. The federated extended Kalman filter (FEKF) based on Q-learning (QLFEKF) navigation algorithm is proposed to achieve high accuracystate estimation of the autonomous intelligence for the SSBE cruise phase. The main advantage of the QLFEKF is that the Q-learning combined with the conventional federated filtering method could optimize the state parameters in real-time, and obtain high position and velocity state estimation (PVSE)accuracy. Compared with the conventional FEKF integrated navigation algorithm, the PVSEnavigation accuracy of the federated filter integrated based the Q-learning navigation algorithm are improved by 55.84% and 37.04% respectively, which present with the higher accuracy and greater capability of the raised autonomous intelligent integrated navigation algorithm. The simulation results show that the intelligent integrated navigation algorithm based on QLFEKF has higher accuracy navigation,and able to satisfy the demandsof autonomous high accuracy for the SSBE cruise phase.
Global path planning for mobile robots based on improved A-Star algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Dong Biaobiao , Zhang Le , Liu Jing , Han Huiyan
Published: March 2024

Aiming at the problems of lengthy planning time, easy to fall into local optimization, and insufficient ability to adapt to complex environments in the global path planning process of A-Star algorithm, we propose an improved A-Star algorithm. First, we introduce global obstacle information and local obstacle information into the heuristic function to adapt to different environmental requirements, and propose a U-shaped "trap" region filling strategy to reduce the number of searched nodes and improve the search efficiency. Secondly, we assign a priority to the search neighborhood and use directional gain to enhance the orientation of the search process. Then, we introduce a key node selection strategy to eliminate redundant nodes on the path and improve the smoothness of the path. Simulation results prove that the algorithm in this paper has significant improvement in terms of the number of traversed nodes, path nodes, path inflection nodes, turning angle, pathfinding time and path length. Finally, we experiment with the improved algorithm in a real environment, proving the effectiveness of the improved algorithm and demonstrating its ability to significantly enhance the performance of mobile robot path planning.
“We don’t eat what we want, we eat what get”: Understanding household drivers of stunting and its implications for improving Kenya’s human capital
Authors: Abuya Timothy , Okondo Chantalle , Nganga Wangari , Obare Francis
Published: March 2024

Background: There is low progress towards reducing malnutrition among children under five years in Kenya. Given the layered effects of stunting on human capital development, there is need to examine the cross-interaction of drivers of stunting at the household level often examined individually. We explored the cross interaction of drivers of stunting during the early years of children at household level and how it sustains high levels of stunting in five diverse counties of Kenya.
Methods: We explored the social context influencing nutrition with 30 stakeholders from four sub-sectors at the sub-national level using in-depth interviews. Twenty-one Focus Group Discussions were conducted to identify persistent drivers of stunting, and opportunities for improving nutrition during early years. Case narratives with 144 selected household members were conducted with families with a stunted child and those without any form of malnutrition.
Results: Livelihood and economic context perpetuate poverty affecting food intake. Persistent bad weather patterns threaten food availability while unfavorable market systems impact household nutrition status. High cost of farm inputs force farmers to sell high-quality produce leaving those that cannot meet market quality for household consumption. Inability to plant variety of crops and use modern methods of farming partly due to knowledge gaps and financial constraints perpetuates small scale farming. This compounded with land ownership and adjudication process limits communities to use their farms effectively for maximum economic outputs. Low income affects ability to access and prepare adequate and nutritious food limiting dietary diversity. Poor community understanding of stunting limiting timely remedial action while superstition, stigma, shame delay early detection. Inherited practices facilitate feeding patterns based on value and taboos associated with certain foods. Family structure interacts with livelihood patterns affecting child-feeding while perception of food adequacy and quality affect dietary diversification. Finally, institutional interactions with children before school generates a gap for early action where an intervention window is missed.
Conclusion: The first 1000 days are pivotal period in a child’s development and confer multi-layered health and economic benefits in a child’s future life and therefore to the society at large. Stunting, a marker of chronic undernutrition, impedes not only the physical health of the child but also capacity for full education, skills development, and therefore future earnings. This study illustrates unique perspectives from the household level as to why stunting persists in Kenya with practical solutions to inform pragmatic and policy design to ensure comprehensive responsiveness to household realities.
Damage detection of frame structure using a novel time-domain regression method
Authors: Ji Xingle , Xu Xueyong , Kun Huang
Published: March 2024

Shear structure model is the most frequently used to model for the damage detection of frame building structures. However, due to the existence of modelling error, using a shear structure model to perform damage detection of a complex frame structure often results in inaccurate detection results. In this paper, a novel reduced model for the frame is proposed, which converts a multi-story multi-bay plane frame into a beam-like model, having one translational and two rotational degrees-of-freedom for each floor. Based on the new model, a novel time-domain regression method (TDRM) was established using the spectral density function between the horizontal acceleration of the frame floor and the reference response to identify the equivalent layer stiffness and damping parameters. Finally, a five-story two-bay frame structure is used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed time-domain regression method of estimating structural parameters and identifying structural damage.The results show that this method can identify, locate, and quantify the structural stiffness changes accurately.
Unified Convergence Analysis of Newton Midpoint-type Iterative Methods
Authors: Chandhini G , Muniyasamy M , George Santhosh , Bate Indra , Senapati Kedarnath
Published: March 2024

In this paper, unified convergence analyses for Newton midpoint-based iterative methods of order three and five are studied to solve the system of nonlinear equations in Banach space settings. Our analysis uses assumptions only on the first two derivatives of the involved operator and gives the number of iterations needed to achieve the given accuracy. Numerical examples are illustrated to show the performance of the methods considered.
MSC Classification: 65H10 , 65J15 , 65J05
Physical and biological effects on moths' navigation performance
Authors: Golov Yiftach , Gurka Roi , Liberzon Alexander , Harari Ally
Published: March 2024

In odor-mediated insect navigation, the local olfactory environment of an organism is defined as an odorscape. Using the nocturnal pink bollworm moth (Pectinophora gossypiella), we tested the combined effect of bio-physical aspects in the moth's immediate odorscape to shed light on the intertwined impacts of natural and sexual selection pressures on the moths' navigation performances. Three key factors were tested: The quality of the females as reflected in their emitted pheromones, ii) the availability of pheromone resources, and iii) the airflow characteristics. The navigation performance of the males was investigated using a wind tunnel assay equipped with 3D infrared high-speed cameras. The navigation patterns of the males were analyzed using ethological and biomechanical parameters.
The results indicate that natural and sexual selection play an important role in the pheromone-mediated navigation of male moths with the role of natural selection overrides that of sexual selection. During his mate-finding navigation, the male moth applies a decision-making process weighting information from the odorscapes' biological and physical characteristics, trading off the cost of flying under different flow conditions, the availability of different odor sources, and their quality.
Ultrahigh-gain colloidal quantum dot infrared photodetectors: Unraveling the potential of electro-kinetically pumped charge multiplication
Authors: Kim Byeongsu , Lee Sang Yeon , Ko Hyunseok , Lee Jihyung , Song Hyejeong , Cho Sungjun , Lee Min-Ho , Lee Jung-Yong
Published: March 2024

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for infrared photodetectors (IRPDs) with high detectivity (D*) and low-cost production. However, the incoherent hopping of charge carriers often causes low carrier mobility and inefficient charge extraction, leading to low detectivity in CQD-based IRPDs. Although photo-induced charge multiplication, in which high-energy photons create multiple electrons, is a viable alternative for enhancing the signal amplitude and detectivity, its capability is limited in IR detectors because of its susceptibility to thermal noise in low-bandgap materials. Herein, we present, for the first time, a pioneering architecture of a CQD-based IRPD that employs kinetically pumped charge multiplication. This is achieved by employing a thick CQD layer (> 540 nm) and subjecting it to a strong electric field. This configuration accelerates electrons to acquire kinetic energy, surpassing the bandgap of the CQD material, thereby initiating kinetically pumped charge multiplication. We also demonstrate that optimizing the dot-to-dot distance to approximately 4.1 nm yields superior device performance because of the tradeoff between increased impact ionization rates and diminished electron-hopping probabilities with increasing dot-to-dot distance. The optimal CQD-based IRPD exhibited a maximum multiplication gain of 85 and a peak detectivity (D*) of 1.4×1014 Jones at a wavelength of 940 nm.