bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Pendidikan Berbasis Produksi
Authors: Syahyudi Arman , Wijaya Imam Agung , Noviarita Heni
Published: December 2021

Dalam  penelitian  ini  akan  lebih  jauh  dibahas  bagaimana  produksi pendidikan serta fungsi produksi dalam pendidikan.  Perumusan  masalah  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah;  1) bagaimana sistem produksi dalam pendidikan?;  2)  bagaimana fungsi produksi dalam pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif jenis dengan  jenis  penelitian  studi  pustaka.  Penelitian  kepustakaan  di  lakukan  melalui  buku, majalah, jurnal, internet dan sebagainya. Selain itu dengan melakukan studi pengamatan dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya.  Hasil  yang  ditemukan  yaitu;  1)  bahwa Input pendidikan merupakan bahan dasar dari proses pendidikan untuk menghasilkan output pendidikan. Output pendidikan diklasifikasikan sebagai konsumsi dan investasi. Aspek konsumsi berhubungan dengan kegembiraan, kesenangan, status sosial, keamanan (pengurangan angka kriminalitas) dan tenaga kerja terampil; yang dapat diperoleh dan dinikmati oleh siswa, keluarga, dan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Sementara itu aspek investasi mencakup outcome pendidikan yang terkait dengan peningkatan keterampilan produktif seseorang dan masyarakat untuk mencapai kesejahteraan masa depan. 2) Fungsi produksi dalam pendidikan adalah fungsi produksi administrator, fungsi produksi psikologi, dan fungsi produksi ekonomi.
Alternative and promising targets of biochemical analysis in sport (review of literature)
Authors: Dudko Grigoriy Alekseevich , Dikunec M. A. , Virjus E. D. , Krjuchkov A. C.
Published: December 2021

Current literature review provides an evaluation of advantages and limitations of biochemical control objects representing functional state of athletes as well as the outlook for using alternative targets regarding sports medicine. Traditionally, invasive procedures (venous blood collection, muscle biopsy) have been known as the gold standard for analyzing a wide range of biomarkers which could be employed as effective diagnostic tools to control the course of adaptation processes, monitor performance, overtraining and physical well-being of athletes, but these techniques are painful, time-consuming and place demands on storage and shipment. In this behalf finding an alternative objects for biochemical research that does not have disadvantages given above is the question of present interest. Saliva and dry blood spots (DBS) could serve as equally informative and promising targets for monitoring athletes’ condition. The non-invasive nature of saliva collection allows to shorten sample collection time, reduce stress hormones levels and possible infection contamination. Moreover, collecting saliva process does not require special equipment and trained medical staff which is particularly important when athletes are at training camps. The DBS method has successfully proven itself with regard to neonatal screening and pharmacokinetics studies. Its key benefits are simplicity, small volume of bioliquid, enhanced stability of adsorbed biomarkers on the card surface, lack of special storage and transportation requirements and low costs for samples shipment to the laboratory. Taken together outlined advantages will provide the opportunity to increase the frequency of biomaterial collection to perform selective observation of training loads effects on various systems of athletes’ body. The combination of DBS with immunochemical and mass-spectrometric approaches could serve as an efficient instrument to investigate the role of various biomarkers in monitoring the functional state of athletes. We searched for articles in MedLine database with the key words «dry blood spots», «saliva», «sports medicine», «sample collection», «sports biochemistry».
The effect of hyperoxia on the hemostasiological status of severely burned patients
Authors: Presnyakova M. V. , Zagrekov V. I. , Kostina O. V. , Pushkin Artem Sergeevich , Kuznetsova V. L. , Arefyev I. Yu.
Published: December 2021

The state of the hemostasis system was studied in 9 patients of the middle age group (44 ± 9.94 years) who received thermal trauma on an area of more than 32% (49.4 ± 18.3) of the body surface, accompanied by the development of burn shock. The standard therapy for burn injury was supplemented with HBO sessions. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen was carried out in pressure chambers BLKS-307, BLKS-307/1. The state of the coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic links of the hemostasis system, as well as the viscoelastic properties of the blood, were assessed immediately before the HBO session and immediately after it. The total number of comparison pairs was 45. Under the influence of HBO therapy, there was an increase in the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C (PrS) and a decrease in the viscoelastic properties of blood (p <0.05). Positive deviations in the values of ATIII, Pr C, von Willebrand factor, APTT, prothrombin and thrombin time, fibrinogen, factor XIII, XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis, D-dimers and thromboelastography parameters were revealed. The maximum frequency of their occurrence was recorded for ATIII (95%), the minimum - for the D-dimer (62%). After HBO procedures, undesirable deviations of the hemostatic system parameters were also noted. They were chaotic, were compensated by an increase in the activity of physiological anticoagulants and were not accompanied by complications of a thrombogenic nature. Thus, conducting HBO therapy sessions in the acute period of burn disease increases the activity of physiological anticoagulants and stabilizes the viscoelastic properties of blood. There is a high frequency of occurrence of positive effects of hyperoxia on the components of the hemostasis system. The identification of its undesirable effects indicates the need to monitor the state of the hemostasis system during HBO procedures.
BIBLİOGRAPHİC REVİEW ABOUT TURKİCNESS AND TURKİSM
Authors:   Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi, Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, E-mail:sefafuat@hotmail.com, Hekimoğlu Vecihi Sefa Fuat
Published: December 2021

In this article briefly provides bibliographic information about the historical development of Turkicness and the Turkism movement.Before proceeding to the information about the studies and authors,who written on the topic, the process of formation of the concepts of Turkishness and Turkism is described.It has been stated that the Turkism movement in the Ottomans was influenced by Western orientalists.Information was given about the books in which Turkists such as Ziya Gökalp and Yusuf Akçura expressed their views.Finally, studies giving information about the Turkestan independence struggle were introduced. More studies are needed on the subject in libraries and archives of Turkey and the world. The archives of the Russian Federation and former Soviet republics are among the most important resource centers on the national independence movements of the Turks under Russian rule and the development of the ideal of Turkish unity. For example, in funds numbered 1, I-1, 1010 and I-47 in the Uzbekistan State Archives, there are very important documents about the activities carried out by the Turkestan Turks for their national independence and the measures taken by the competent Russian authorities against them. Among these documents, there are many reports prepared by the Russian administrators and the papers they presented. There is very important information about the position of Islam in Turkestan, the struggle of the people of Turkestan against Russian rule, the work of Tatar teachers in the Cedit schools and the measures taken by the administration of tsarist Russia against the Jadit schools and Tatar teachers.
EL APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROYECTOS: UNA MIRADA DE DE CONSTRUCCIÓN Y RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE LOS PROCESOS PEDAGÓGICOS INVESTIGATIVOS DE DOCENTES EN FORMACIÓN INICIAL EN TIEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Tenorio Troncoso Maritza , Díaz Conde Jader Enrique
Published: December 2021

Resumen: Dada la realidad contextual de la no presencialidad en los escenarios educativos por un confinamiento preventivo a la luz de una pandemia por COVID 19, los procesos pedagógicos investigativos tuvieron diversas dificultades para validar el ejercicio mismo de la investigación desde su intervención en los establecimientos educativos de la ciudad de Sincelejo, Sucre, por parte de los docentes en formación inicial de la institución educativa Normal Superior de Sincelejo, promovida desde la visión metodológica activa del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABPr). En efecto, en coherencia con un enfoque cualitativo sustentado desde la investigación acción de variante educativa (Restrepo, 2006), se desarrollaron procesos de deconstrucción del accionar de sus diversas fases promovidas, encontrándose desde la lectura de instrumentos metacognitivos como los diarios de campo y el acompañamiento continuo de los docentes investigadores realizado a los docentes en formación inicial, trabajos investigativos no dinamizados y validados desde los escenarios educativos, para lo cual en respuesta a un ejercicio reconstructivo se señalan, la importancia del uso de estrategias como las tecnologías emergentes, la inclusión parental y los estudios de casos, abordados desde dos grupos investigativos específicos (docentes en formación inicial) para corresponder a un desarrollo significativo de ABPr y el cumplimiento de sus objetivos de intervención y evaluación pudiendo sobrellevar los retos acontecidos por el confinamiento preventivo.
USO DE SIMULADORES COMO RECURSO DIGITAL PARA MEJORAR EL CONOCIMIENTO EN LA ASIGNATURA DE QUÍMICA EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA SAN MARCOS, DEL MUNICIPIO DE SAN MARCOS – SUCRE
Authors: Pava Buelvas Jannet del Carmen , Gil Acosta Luz Margarita
Published: December 2021

Resumen: La tesis Uso de simuladores como recurso digital para mejorar el conocimiento en la asignatura de química, reconoce el impacto que generan estos recursos Tic en el aprendizaje de la química. Mediante la implementación de la propuesta Cienciatic: Haciendo ciencia desde la virtualidad, se analiza la manera cómo las simulaciones pueden favorecer la transferencia de conocimientos de manera motivada, ilustrada, interactiva, creativa, innovadora e inclusiva. Por ello, se toman en cuenta los estilos y ritmos de aprendizaje de los discentes, permitiendo que accedan mejor al conocimiento, para lograr un mejoramiento en el rendimiento académico y motivacional hacia la química. La propuesta fue reconocida por el MEN como una experiencia significativa que aporta a la integración de las nuevas tecnologías al currículo. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, empleando el método de investigación acción se llevó a cabo esta investigación para mejorar las prácticas educativas conllevando a generar acciones institucionales como implementación de zonas wifi, biblioteca virtual, uso de laboratorios virtuales aportandoal mejoramiento y calidad educativa. Esta investigación permite inferir nuevas ideas investigativas que emergen de las reflexiones aquí presentadas; por ejemplo, orientar el conocimiento desde metodologías basadas en los estilos de aprendizaje de la comunidad educativa.
p PENGARUH NON-PERFORMING LOAN DAN SUKU BUNGA BANK INDONESIA TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PT. BANK MEGA
Authors: Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of non-performing loans and the effect of bank interest rates on the performance of a bank with net income in the range of 2013 to 2019. This study uses SPSS and interviews as primary instruments in obtaining and analyzing data, the results of this study is that NPL has no significant effect on Bank Mega's net profit, and Bank Indonesia's interest rate also does not have a significant effect on Bank Mega's net profit, then it is also found that NPL and Bank Indonesia's Interest Rate simultaneously contribute 9.3% to profit Bank Mega's net and the remaining 90.7% is influenced by other unknown factors. 

 

Keywords: Non Performing Loan, Bank Indonesia interest rate, net profit
Measurement report: Impact of African aerosol particles on cloud evolution in a tropical montane cloud forest in the Caribbean
Authors: Torres-Delgado Elvis , Baumgardner Darrel , Mayol-Bracero Olga L.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. African aerosol particles, traveling thousands of kilometers before reaching the Americas and the Caribbean, directly scatter and absorb solar
radiation and indirectly impact climate by serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice-nucleating particles (INPs) that form clouds. These
particles can also affect the water budget by altering precipitation patterns that subsequently affect ecosystems. As part of the NSF-funded
Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory, field campaigns were conducted during the summers of 2013 (23 d), 2014 (11 d), and 2015
(92 d) at Pico del Este, a site in a tropical montane cloud forest on the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico. Cloud microphysical properties,
which included liquid water content, droplet number concentration, and droplet size, were measured. Using products from models and satellites, as
well as in situ measurements of aerosol optical properties, periods of high- and low-dust influence were identified. The results from this study
suggest that meteorology and air mass history have a more important effect on cloud processes than aerosols transported from Africa. In contrast,
air masses that arrived after passing over the inhabited islands to the southeast led to clouds with much higher droplet concentrations, presumably
due to aerosols formed from anthropogenic emissions.
Ubiquity of human-induced changes in climate variability
Authors: Rodgers Keith B. , Lee Sun-Seon , Rosenbloom Nan , Timmermann Axel , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Deser Clara , Edwards Jim , Kim Ji-Eun , Simpson Isla R. , Stein Karl , Stuecker Malte F. , Yamaguchi Ryohei , Bódai Tamás , Chung Eui-Seok , Huang Lei , Kim Who M. , Lamarque Jean-François , Lombardozzi Danica L. , Wieder William R. , Yeager Stephen G.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. While climate change mitigation targets necessarily concern maximum mean state changes, understanding impacts and developing adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on how climate variability responds to increasing anthropogenic perturbations. Thus far Earth system modeling efforts have primarily focused on projected mean state changes and the sensitivity of specific modes of climate variability, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation. However, our knowledge of forced changes in
the overall spectrum of climate variability and higher-order statistics is
relatively limited. Here we present a new 100-member large ensemble of
climate change projections conducted with the Community Earth System Model
version 2 over 1850–2100 to examine the sensitivity of internal climate
fluctuations to greenhouse warming. Our unprecedented simulations reveal
that changes in variability, considered broadly in terms of probability distribution, amplitude, frequency, phasing, and patterns, are ubiquitous
and span a wide range of physical and ecosystem variables across many
spatial and temporal scales. Greenhouse warming in the model alters
variance spectra of Earth system variables that are characterized by
non-Gaussian probability distributions, such as rainfall, primary
production, or fire occurrence. Our modeling results have important
implications for climate adaptation efforts, resource management, seasonal
predictions, and assessing potential stressors for terrestrial and
marine ecosystems.
Alpin x Şam Keçisi F1 Melezi ve Saf Şam Keçisi Oğlaklarında Besi Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: MUTLUKOCA Gizem , KESKİN Mahmut
Published: December 2021

Şam keçisi yetiştiriciliği yapılan özel bir işletmede, yaz mevsiminde sıcak ve nemli olan Çukurova ikliminde süt verimi yüksek bir keçi genotipi geliştirmek amacı ile Alpin x Şam keçisi melezlemesi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma söz konusu melezleme (F1) ile doğan oğlakların besi özelliklerinin Şam keçisi oğlakları ile karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın hayvan materyalini 15’er baş saf Şam keçisi ve Alpin x Şam melezi erkek oğlaklar oluşturmuştur. Süt emme döneminde aynı şartlarda büyütülen ve 60 günlük yaşta sütten kesilen oğlaklar 10 günlük alıştırma beslemesinden sonra ad libitum besiye alınmışlardır. Besi 60 gün devam etmiş ve bu dönemde oğlaklara oğlak besi yemi ve yonca kuru otu 5:1 oranı ile verilmiştir. Besi dönemi gelişimlerinin takibi için oğlaklar 15 gün ara ile tartılmışlardır. Deneme döneminde melez ve Şam keçilerinde sırası ile beside günlük canlı ağırlık artışı 201.7±10.16 g ve 246.1±10.54 g, günlük ortalama yem tüketimleri 1.56 kg ve 1.57 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Şam keçilerinin besi performanslarının melezlere göre daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Archaeological traces of Ancient Hungarians in Slovenian territory
Authors: Karo Špela
Published: December 2021

Only a few artefacts that can be related to the presence of ancient Hungarians in the territory of present-day Slovenia have been discovered so far. These finds encompass items of equestrian equipment, as well as weapons, and a single item of attire set or jewellery: iron stirrups of various forms, parts of belt sets and straps, a chain with heart-shaped pendants, arrowheads and possibly the remains of an arrow quiver. They originate from various types of findspot: hilltop sites, settlements, cemeteries and a river. The prevailing type, however, is hilltops (Gradišče above Trebenče, Ljubična above Zbelovska Gora, Gradišče above Bašelj, Veliki Gradec near Drežnica, and Zidani Gaber above Mihovo). In the majority of cases the finds were discovered with metal detectors and therefore come without precise location data or stratigraphic contexts. Iron stirrups discovered at Tabor, above Tomaj, and in the Ljubljanica river, as well as a belt buckle from Zgornji Breg, in Ptuj, are also chance finds. In rare cases, finds of ancient- Hungarian character have been discovered in systematically-investigated sites, such as Ajdna above Potoki, Tonovcov Grad near Kobarid, and Pristava in Bled. Arrowheads from debris or charred layers in these settlements likely testify to ancient-Hungarian invaders. Ancient-Hungarian burials in Slovenian territory have not been unambiguously confirmed yet. Only two graves of the Ptuj Castle cemetery have been purportedly ascribed to them. The artefacts collected from Slovenian sites have been studied predominantly from the typological perspective and dated on the basis of comparable sites and artefacts from neighbouring regions, especially from graves in the Carpathian Basin. Their presence at Slovenian sites can be explained by frequent incursions of ancient Hungarians to the West between the end of the 9th century and the middle of the 10th, which also crossed the territory of present-day Slovenia and are reported in historical sources. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that some of these items came to the findspots as a consequence of more peaceful contacts with ancient Hungarians whose area of settlement was not too far away.
Novac
istočnogotskog kralja Teodorika iz Lukara u Promini
Authors: Šeparović Tomislav
Published: December 2021

Tema je rada zlatni solid istočnogotskoga kralja Teodorika iskovan u ime bizantskog cara Anastazija. Pronađen je na području naselja Lukar, u današnjoj općini Promina, petnaestak kilometara sjeverozapadno od Drniša. Uz kratke crtice o arheološkoj topografiji Lukara, donose se opći podaci o nalazima istočnogotskog novca, posebice u južnoj Hrvatskoj, a Teodorikov solid stavlja se u širi kulturno-povijesni kontekst.
Dijelovi ranosrednjovjekovnih žvala iz Zbirke obitelji Zvijerac
Authors: Sekelj Ivančan Tajana , Doračić Damir
Published: December 2021

Ovom prigodom prezentiraju se dijelovi kovanih željeznih žvala iz Zbirke obitelji Zvijerac, pronađeni prigodom eksploatacije šljunka na Staroj šoderici sjeverno od Koprivnice. Prema očuvanim karakterističnim dijelovima, od kojih valja izdvojiti oblik i ukras na prečkama, oblike ušica za pričvršćivanje obraznog remena te povodca, kao i presjek usnoga dijela, može se zaključiti da dijelovi obiju žvala pripadaju tipu jednostavnih dvodijelnih žvala s prečkama kakve su bile u upotrebi tijekom ranoga srednjega vijeka. Uspoređuju se s najbližim analognim nalazima žvala istog vremena s područja Slovenije, ali i šire, te zajedno s ranije objavljenim arheološkim predmetima s ovog područja upućuju na primjetan intenzitet zaposjedanja ovog prostora uz rijeku Dravu tijekom ranosrednjovjekovlja.
Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở những sản phụ mổ lấy thai vì rau tiền đạo tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Thái Bình
Authors: Tiến Bùi Minh , Lan Vũ Thị
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên 123 bệnh nhân phải mổ lấy thai vì rau tiền đạo tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Thái Bình từ 01/06/2019 đến hết 31/05/2020. Cho kết quả: Tỷ lệ rau tiền đạo (RTĐ) được mổ lấy thai trên tổng số MLT là 1,26%. Chảy máu là dấu hiệu thường gặp nhất trong RTĐ chiếm 63,4%. Tỷ lệ ra máu tái phát (trên 1 lần) hay gặp trong rau tiền đạo không trung tâm (RTĐKTT) chiếm 36,4%. Tuổi thai phụ gặp nhiều nhất là ≥ 35 chiếm tỷ lệ 39%. Tỷ lệ chẩn đoán đúng RTĐ của siêu âm là 85,4%. Rau bám mặt sau chiếm 69,1%. Tỷ lệ thiếu máu trước mổ mức độ vừa và nhẹ là 19,5%.
TỶ LỆ THẤT BẠI CỦA VÍT NEO CHẶN NGOÀI XƯƠNG Ổ RĂNG TRONG CHỈNH HÌNH RĂNG MẶT: TỔNG QUAN HỆ THỐNG
Authors: Thành Ngô Việt , Phương Nguyễn Thị Thu , Hải Lê Thị Thu
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Tổng hợp các bằng chứng từ y văn về tỷ lệ thất bại của vít neo chặn ngoài xương ổ răng trong chỉnh hình răng mặt.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu thực hiện tìm kiếm và lựa chọn những bài báo viết bằng tiếng Anh, được công bố trên các cơ sở dữ liệu PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar theo khung câu hỏi nghiên cứu PICOS. Chất lượng của các bài báo được đánh giá bằng cách sử dụng các công cụ: Risk of Bias in Non‐randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS‐I) cho các nghiên cứu thuần tập, Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool cho các nghiên cứu thử nghiệm lâm sàng ngẫu nhiên có đối chứng. Các nghiên cứu đủ tiêu chuẩn được phân tích gộp.

Kết quả: Cỡ mẫu của các nghiên cứu dao động từ 30 đến 840 bệnh nhân, với từ 55 đến 1860 vít được nghiên cứu. Hầu hết các nghiên cứu đều sử dụng vít có đường 2 mm, chiều dài từ 8-12 mm, tác dụng lực ngay lập tức sau khi cắm vít, độ lớn của lực từ 227-397 g (8-14 oz). Tỷ lệ thất bại của vít IZC từ 6,3% đến 27,3%; tỷ lệ thất bại của vít BC từ 7,2% đến 68,7%. Phân tích gộp chỉ ra không có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ thất bại của vít neo chặn ngoài xương ổ răng khi đặt ở cung hàm bên trái và bên phải.

Kết luận: Tuy tỷ lệ thất bại của vít neo chặn ngoài xương ổ răng qua các nghiên cứu là tương đối thấp nhưng cần phải có thêm các nghiên cứu thử nghiệm lâm sàng ngẫu nhiên có đối chứng để xác định chính xác.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ, ĐẶC ĐIỂM MỘT SỐ DẤU ẤN SINH HỌC VÀ KẾT QUẢ BƯỚC ĐẦU ĐIỀU TRỊ U TẾ BÀO THẦN KINH ĐỆM BẬC CAO
Authors: Đức Trần Anh , Ba Nguyễn Văn , Liên Nguyễn Đức
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng, cộng hưởng từ, đột biến gen P53, IDH của u não tế bào thần kinh đệm độ III, IV có chỉ định phẫu thuật kết hợp hóa xạ trị. Đánh giá bước đầu kết quả điều trị UTBTKĐ bậc cao. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu trên 51 bệnh nhân u tế bào thần kinh đệm bậc cao được phẫu thuật, chẩn đoán mô bệnh học, làm hóa mô miễn dịch để xác định đột biến (IDH, p53, MGMT) và điều trị hóa xạ trị phối hợp tại Bệnh viện K. Đánh giá triệu chứng lâm sàng lúc vào viện, đặc điểm khối u trên phim cộng hưởng từ, kết quả ban đầu sau phẫu thuật lấy u và dựa trên thang điểm Karnofski để đánh giá sự hồi phục chức năng hệ thần kinh của bệnh nhân trước và sau mổ. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 45 ± 15,7, tỷ lệ nam/nữ =32/19. Lí do vào viện chính của bệnh nhân là nhức đầu, yếu liệt nửa người, động kinh. Hình ảnh phim chụp cộng hưởng từ cho thấy phần lớn các khối u có ranh giới rõ, cấu trúc hỗn hợp, tín hiệu không đồng nhất, ngấm thuốc mạnh sau tiêm, có phù não quanh u nhưng ít có xâm lấn xung quanh, không có vôi hóa hay chảy máu. Kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật cho thấy trên 90% số bệnh nhân được lấy toàn bộ và lấy phần lớn u, điểm Karnofsky sau mổ tăng hơn so với trước mổ, tuy nhiên sự khác biệt chưa có ý nghĩa thống kê. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân u tế bào thần kinh đệm bậc cao có các triệu chứng lâm sàng chính của hội chứng tăng áp lực nội sọ, hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ đặc trưng là các khối u có ranh giới rõ, cấu trúc hỗn hợp, ít xâm lấn xung quanh. Điều trị phẫu thuật lấy phần lớn khối u cho thấy có sự cải thiện các về chức năng hệ thần kinh sau mổ.
EFFECT OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES ON ENZYMES OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM AND ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION IN IN VITRO TREATED ERYTHROCYTES UNDER CONDITIONS OF HYPERGLYCEMIA
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Dimov Ivica , Choneva Mariya ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria., lliev Ilia ,   Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski", Bulgaria., Bivolarska Anelia ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to examine the effect of different oligosaccharides with proven prebiotic effects on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant protection of erythrocytes in vitro under conditions of hyperglycemia. Materials and methods: This experiment included 10 healthy men (27±3 years of age). The isolated erythrocytes were treated with 1% and 5% solutions of the following oligosaccharides: lactulose, inulin, galactooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide in the presence of 5mM, 50mM and 100mM glucose. After incubation, for 2 hours at 37 °C, the erythrocytes were lysed, and the supernatant was used for analyses of lactate dehydrogenase, hexokinase and glutathione reductase. FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) method was used for determining the total antioxidant activity of erythrocytes. Results: Lactate dehydrogenase was decreased in the presence of 5% lactulose in groups with 50mM and 100 mM Glc. An increase in the activity of glutathione reductase under severe hyperglycemia (100mM glucose) was observed after treatment with: 1% lactulose, 1% inulin, 1% galactooligosaccharide, 1% and 5% fructooligosaccharides (p<0.005). A significant difference in the enzymatic activity of hexokinase was found in all groups (p<0.05) and of glutathione reductase only in the control group as well as in the groups treated with 1% lactulose, 1% galactooligosaccharide, 1% and 5% fructooligosaccharides Conclusions: Galactooligosaccharides 1% and fructooligosaccharides 1% and 5% cause a statistically significant increase of the enzymatic activities of hexokinase and glutathione reductase in in vitro hyperglycemia induced by 100 mM glucose, as well as an increase in FRAP.
Analyzing the Reuse Potentials of Landfilled Solid Wastes for Farm Water Treatment and Reuse
Authors: Chinenyenwa Anijiofor Sandra , Norsyhariati Nik Daud Nik , Syazwani Idrus , Hasfalina Che Man
Published: December 2021

The increasing solid waste management problems in developing countries necessitated landfill mining to determine the reuse potentials of landfilled solid waste materials. In this study, characterization of landfilled solid waste obtained from a closed landfill site in Malaysia was conducted
to ascertain its reuse potentials for biodegradation in wastewater treatment. The results revealed adequate neutral pH, Moisture Content of 34 %, Organic Content of 10.4 % and Bacterial Population in terms of Total Coliform of 8.3 × 105 CFU/100 mL, which are ideal conditions
for biodegradation while porosity n of 51%, allow free flow of water during treatment. The SEM showed irregular shapes and pore spaces and a BET surface area of 3.376 m 2 g-1 which enables adsorption of pollutants on its surface, air diffusion and re-aeration. Furthermore,
the waste material was used as media for biodegradation in a lab-scale bioreactor at a hydraulic loading of 4 L m-3 d-1 and inflow rate of 0.1 L min-1. The results showed maximum removal rates of 95, 97, 86, 70, 70, and 98% for COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, NH3-N,
and TP respectively. Utilization of this technology as bioreactor landfills will solve landfill congestion and also provide cheap wastewater treatment option.
Efficiency of Public Spending in Solid Waste Management: Analyzing Distinct Aspects of How Municipalities Operate and Optimize Resources
Authors: Ferreira Celma Duque , Crispim Gilberto , Flach Leonardo , da Rosa Fabrícia Silva , de Mattos Luísa Karam
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze the endogenous variables that influence the solid waste management in Brazil. Applying a two-stage data envelopment analysis model, the study encourages discussion on the management of municipal solid waste in developing countries. In addition, this research
contributes to the evaluation of efficient public resources, analyzes the efficiency of public spending and distinct aspects regarding how municipalities operate and optimize resources. Results show that the coefficients provide strong evidence that efficiency is affected by the form of waste
management and corroborates the literature that highlights this relationship. The results provide insight into the structure of the solid waste collection function, and that preliminarily provides the possibility of analyzing the benchmark identification.
The Effect of the Calcination Temperature on the Physical, Chemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) for Use As Pozzolan
Authors: Santos Tiago Assunção , Argolo Raquel Arraes , Ribeiro Daniel Véras
Published: December 2021

Statement of Novelty: This study analyzes the influence of the washing process and the calcination temperature on the morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of SCBA. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the morphological, physical, chemical
and mineralogical characteristics of sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA). The ashes were obtained by calcination of sugarcane bagasse (SCB), a waste product generated by the sugar and alcohol industry, at temperatures of 500°C, 600° C and 700°C, and the influence of this calcination
on the pozzolanic activity of SCBA. The techniques used to characterize these ashes include helium gas picnometry, sedigraphy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The evaluation of the
pozzolanicity of these ashes was carried according to chemical titration method as proposed by Fratini, modified Chapelle method and finally using the pozzolanic activity index (PAI) with cement. The results showed that the SCBA presented high pozzolanicity, regardless of the calcination temperature.
Productivity and Efficiency of Banking Sector in Nepal
Authors: Hakuduwal Kishor
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to analyze the productivity and efficiency of banking sector in Nepal. Using systematic random sampling, 20 banks including both commercial and development are selected. The 180 observations of nine year’s panel data from FY 2006/07 to FY 2014/15 has been used. Stochastic Frontier Approach is used taking three input variables i.e. capital, deposit and human resource cost, and one output variable i.e. loans and advance of sampled banks for analysis. The study found that the productivity of human resource, deposit and capital is significant. The joint venture banks are the most efficient than private and Government owned banks. The commercial banks are more efficient than development banks. The study has important implications for the policy makers to take corrective actions for improving the productivity and efficiency of banking sector in Nepal.

Keywords: Productivity, Efficiency, Stochastic Frontier approach, Panel data, Banking sector
Wspomnienie o Profesorze Izasławie Frenklu
Authors: Rosner Andrzej
Published: December 2021

Wspomnienie o Profesorze Izasławie Frenklu.
Kommer jeg til å dø? Kreftsyke barns betraktninger om døden
Authors: Fottland Helg
Published: December 2021

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Søsken etter selvmord – ”de glemte sørgende”
Authors: Dyregrov Kari
Published: December 2021

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Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) as a Potential Biomarker of Treatment Response in Hereditary TransthyretinMediated (hATTR) Amyloidosis: Patisiran Global OLE Study
Authors: Azevedo Fernanda Reis de , Polydefkis Michael , Ticau Simina , Erbe David , McManus Anastasia , Aldinc Emre , Adams David , Reilly Mary , Vaishnaw Akshay , Nio Paul
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Patisiran is approved for the treatment of hATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy and its long-term efficacy/safety is being studied in a Global OLE. Plasma biomarkers are being investigated for utility in facilitating earlier diagnosis and monitoring disease /treatment response. Objective: Evaluate long-term change in neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in response to patisiran in patients enrolled in the Global Open-Label Extension (OLE) study. Methods: NfL plasma levels were measured in duplicate in healthy controls and patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy using the Quanterix Simoa platform. Patient samples were analyzed from the APOLLO study at baseline and 18 months, and also measured at 12 and 24 months following APOLLO in patients who rolled into the Global OLE. Results: NfL levels at APOLLO baseline were 63.2 (placebo) and 72.1 pg/ mL (patisiran). NfL increased during APOLLO in the placebo group (99.5 pg/mL), whereas a significant decrease was observed at 18 months following patisiran (48.8 pg/mL). Reduced NfL levels were maintained in the APOLLO-patisiran group through 24 months of additional patisiran treatment in the Global OLE (44.0 pg/mL), consistent with maintained improvement in mNIS+7. Upon initiation of patisiran in the Global OLE, the APOLLO-placebo group experienced a reduction in NfL levels through 24 months (44.2 pg/mL), reaching a similar level to the APOLLO-patisiran group. Conclusions: NfL may serve as a biomarker of active nerve damage and polyneuropathy, making it useful as a potential biomarker of disease progression, treatment response and for earlier diagnosis of polyneuropathy in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis and monitoring disease.
Early diagnosis of RelapsingRemitting Multiple Sclerosis: a review of the bibliography from 2016 to 2021
Authors: Santos Mariana Bastos Rodrigues dos , Souza Felipe dos Santos , Farah Pedro Felisberto Nogueira Viana , Barbosa Yasmim Evelyn Lisboa , Costa Felipe Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), which damages myelin and axons by interrupting or reducing the flow of information. Early diagnosis of MS is essential to slow disease progression. The last review of the McDonald criteria, which organize the diagnosis of MS, took place in 2017 and it is necessary to understand the evidence that emerged in this period. Objectives: Review the updates of the bibliography published between 2016 and 2021. Design and setting: Bibliographic review made in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: This research was made from Pubmed database search with the descriptors “Multiple Sclerosis Relapsing-Remitting” and “Early Diagnosis” and the filters “free full text”, “english”, “Portuguese”, “5 years”, “humans”. The discarded articles did not contemplate the entire theme in the design, content or quality of publication. Results: Patients with the first clinical event suggesting MS that meet the criteria for space dissemination may be diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) when oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid are detected, while other methods such as infrared spectroscopy and diffusion tensor tractography still show many concomitant signs among the varieties of MS. Conclusions: Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is the most sensitive criterion for early diagnosis of RRMS.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma recurrence and involvement of the central nervous system after bone marrow transplantation: case report.
Authors: Matias Rafael Bragança Rodrigues , Boccalini Bruna Cardoso de Mattos , Costa Renata de Oliveira , Mingossi Maria Fernanda Mélega
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a subtype of uncommon nonHodgkin lymphoma. The involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is uncommon in the course of the disease. Objective: To report a case of recurrence of MCL in the CNS as the first manifestation, after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Case report: Male patient, 49 years old, with no previous comorbidities diagnosed with stage IV MCL (bone marrow), submitted to chemotherapy and autologous transplantation. After two years, he sought out the neurology clinic with a complaint of blurred vision. Neurological examination: without motor deficit; bilateral partial ptosis, bilateral divergent strabismus, tongue shift to the right. CSF with 230 leukocytes/mm³, 70% of lymphocytes, glucose of 71 mg /dl and protein of 85 mg /dl; Skull MRI demonstrated bilateral and symmetrical enhancement of segments of the cisterns of the optic and oculomotor nerves; Trigeminal, facial, vestibulocochlear and glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves more exuberant on the left. CSF immunophenotyping showed CD19, CD5 and Kappa positive monoclonal, compatible with MCL recurrence. Intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy with methotrexate were initiated. Discussion: Risk of recurrence of MCL and infiltration of the CNS is uncommon (3.9 - 5%). The patient did not show any signs of systemic involvement, only the neurological findings, which is atypical since the neurological presentation is more associated with recurrence of MCL with a course of systemic findings. Conclusion:The authors point out that in patients with treated MCL who have neurological manifestations without systemic findings, tumor recurrence should be considered.
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome complicated by Cerebral venous thrombosis (case report)
Authors: Gaudencio Julia Loureiro , Silva Júnior Hilton Mariano Mariano da , Fortunato Pedro Neves
Published: December 2021

Context: Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a condition caused by the Varicella-Zoster Virus in the geniculate ganglion and leads to peripheral facial nerve palsy and erythematous vesicular rash in the affected area. It is a rare disorder but is the second most common cause of peripheral facial nerve palsy without trauma. Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare cerebrovascular disease and responsible for only 0.5% of all strokes. Among its causes are oral contraceptives, infection in the central nervous system, systemic inflammations, and thrombophilia. Case report: We report the case of a previously healthy 29 years old woman diagnosed with Ramsay Hunt syndrome followed by cerebral venous thrombosis two weeks later. Her first admission to the hospital was due to pain in the face and a pulsing type right hemicranial headache. It started in the cervical region and was irradiated to the right retroorbital and auricular area, with difficulty contracting the right eyelid, otalgia, and vertigo. She used oral contraceptives, had two cesarean deliveries, and quitted smoking at 20 years old. She had multidirectional and bilateral nystagmus with fast phase to the left, right peripheral face paralysis, and crusts in the right ear canal. The patient was treated with aciclovir and prednisone, with good recovery. Two weeks later, she returned because of two episodes of convulsion and headache. Brain CTA (computed tomography angiography) showed cerebral venous thrombosis. Conclusion: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare complication of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. It is important to stay alert to the development of vascular complications in these patients.
“Striatal Hand Signs” and early diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease: The “Monkey-Wrench Sign”
Authors: Teixeira Igor de Lima e , Souza Vanessa Pereira de Alencar , Zorzenon Caroline , Veiga Beatriz Azevedo dos Anjos Godke , Borges Vanderci , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai
Published: December 2021

Background: Striatal hand signs, first described by Charcot, are reported in 10% of advanced Parkinson’s Disease patients as flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints, extension of proximal interphalangeal joints, flexion of distal interphalangeal joints and ulnar deviation. Another deformation is the metacarpophalangeal joints flexion and thumb medialization (U shaped - “Monkey-Wrench sign”). We believe that mild hand deformities are present in earlier phases of the disease and may help the diagnosis of PD. Objectives: To identify hand deformities in PD patient. Methods: We evaluated 36 PD patients, according to UKPDS Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria, side of onset, disease duration, severity by UPDRS part III - left/ right side, hand deformities and the “monkey-wrench sign”. Results: We had 14 patients 10 years. 2/3 had left side onset. 33 patients (91.67%) presented the “Monkey- Wrench sign”, unilaterally or asymmetrically, and it was present in all PD patients > 4 years of disease onset, but it was present only in 78.6% less than 4 years. The “MW” sign was easily detected in the more affected side, with a mean UPDRS score of 31.1 on the side of striatal hand signs compared to the mean score of 24.7 on the less affected side. Conclusions: Striatal hand deformities and the “Monkey-Wrench” sign may be useful to diagnosis PD, if unilateral or asymmetrical signs, as well as, it could be used to differentiate between tremors of PD and other etiologies, in a more visual way.
Case report - Ataxia-telangiectasia: innate error of immunity and neurological aspects
Authors: Silva Tarcisio Rubens da , Navarro Marina Monteiro , Hóstio Mylena Mendes , Martins Catherine Sonaly Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Among more than 350 immunological deficiencies, 25% have neurological manifestations. Thus, Ataxia-telangiectasia stands out, being considered a combined immunodeficiency. In childhood, cerebellar motor findings and recurrent sinopulmonary infections, signaling early cerebellar degeneration and deficit in the combined immune response. It has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Case report: She describes herself as a female patient, 9 years old, daughter of consanguineous parents and born in Sousa, Paraíba. In the child’s neuropsychomotor development, she sat down at 5 months, verbalized loose words at 12 months and started the process of ambulation at 13 months of life. While walking, the mother noticed strange walking and frequent hospitalizations due to recurrent pneumonia. From 7 years of age, there is worsening of gait and telangiectasias in the conjunctiva are evident. Subsequently, the molecular examination in order to demonstrate the possible mutation. Therefore, a mutation described as c.7913G> A (p.Trp2638 *) was found in homozygosity in exon 53 of the ATM gene. Findings: typical onset of early childhood when walking, swallowing problems with solid and liquid foods and the growth disorder. Regarding the immune system: low levels of immunoglobulins, but without lymphopenia and the worrying presence of adenomegaly, making it necessary to always pay attention to neoplasms such as leukemias and lymphomas. In disagreement, there are no: myoclonus, the highest IgM levels, cutaneous granulomas and bone deformities. Conclusions: The case presents aspects that are very consistent with the scientific findings consolidated in Ataxia-telangiectasia, but the late molecular diagnosis.
Acupuncture as a therapeutic option for tension-type headache: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lellis Camila Puton, Caio de Almeida , Borges Caio Reis , Oliveira Giovanna Garcia de
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Tension headache (TTS), the most common type of primary headache, is characterized by tightness pain, typically bilateral, lasting hours or days, significantly impairing daily activities. Objectives: To review the literature on the use of acupuncture in the management of TTS, evaluating its safety and efficacy. Design and setting: A systematic review conducted at the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE and Virtual Health Library databases, with the terms: “Tension-Type Headache AND Acupuncture”. Randomized studies and clinical trials published in the last 10 years were selected. Results: Two studies, one clinical trial and one randomized trial, concluded that combining acupuncture with another therapy involving movement, such as stretching, physical therapy techniques, or relaxation training, led to reduced pain intensity and improved quality of life in patients with TTS. In contrast, other randomized clinical trials concluded that relaxation training decreased the intensity, frequency of attacks, and adjunctive symptoms of headache (sleep and vitality) more than acupuncture. Finally, acupuncture was compared with the simulated control process in the prevention of TTS, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups evaluated. Conclusion: The literature indicated that the combination of acupuncture with other therapeutic options was safe and effective in the management and prevention of TTS. Studies with greater scientific rigor should be conducted for a better understanding of this therapeutic option.
Analysis of Parkinson’s Diasease mortality in Brazil
Authors: Frassetto Mariana Dornelles , Salvaro Maurício Moretto , Furtado Joarez , Tomaz Mateus de Arruda , Tomaz Mayara de Arruda , Melo Iury Serra de , Ferreira Junior Antônio Gonçalves , Barros Arthur Victor Vilela
Published: December 2021

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by extrapyramidal symptoms that promote unproductiveness and dependence. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the variation in the mortality rate from Parkinson’s Disease in Brazil between the years 2009 and 2019. Design and setting: Descriptive and retrospective study in Brazil. Methods: Data were collected through the SIM in DATASUS database. The population consisted of all patients who died from Parkinson’s Disease in the proposed period, selected according to the CID G20. The data were stratified by incidence of deaths per 100.000 inhabitants, gender and age group. For statistical analysis, SPP software version 21.0 was used. Results: Between 2009 and 2019, there were 36.621 deaths due to Parkinson’s Disease. The incidence of death per 100,000 inhabitants was 1.26 in 2009; 1.36 in 2010; 1.44 in 2011; 1.53 in 2012; 1.51 in 2013; 1.65 in 2014; 1.64 in 2015; 1.75 in 2016; 1.81 in 2017; 2.01 in 2019; and 2.18 in 2019. Considering all deaths, there is a predominance of males (54.7%) over females (45.3%). Besides, in relation to the age group, the groups with the highest number of deaths were those between 70 and 79 years old (30.9%) and with more than 80 (57.7%). Conclusions: There is an increase in the Parkinson’s mortality rate between 2009 to 2019. Furthermore, the data are in agreement with the existing epidemiological literature, given the fact that the highest prevalence of deaths from Parkinson’s occurs in men over 70 years. MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease, Epidemiology, Mortality.