bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nouns Formed with -ism Suffix as a Type of Nominalization in Modern Russian Language
Authors: Shuchun Zhang , Kukushkina Olga V.
Published: July 2021

In the article Russian nouns formed with -ism suffix, often containing borrowed roots from other Indo-European languages, are analyzed from the perspective of their syntactic function as nominalization. As nominalization regarded in linguistics as a type of pure syntactic transformation (or “syntactic derivation” according to the definition of Jerzy Kuryłowicz), the -ost’ suffix as a word-formational formant for syntactic derivation is well acknowledged and described. As a contrast, the studied group of nouns with -ism suffix is seldom associated with or regarded as deadjectival nominals in previous works and dictionaries. Our analysis based on explanatory and morpheme dictionaries has shown, the motivational correlation between nouns with -ism suffix and adjectives are described in multiple ways, often contrasted one another. For instance, -isms are described in the morpheme dictionary (Lopantin, Ulukhanov 2016) as deadjectival nouns, while in the Shvedova dictionary as non-derivatives, motivating adjectives of quality. In addition, the seme ‘quality’ is also described variously in the two dictionaries – directly or using synonyms with different formants. The analysis of word-usages of -isms was conducted with the corpus “Russian Newspapers of the End of the XX Century”, developed by the Laboratory for General and Computational Lexicology and Lexicography (Lomonosov Moscow State University). The analysis has shown that the diagnostic context automatically differentiate the usage of -isms as nominalizations are the dependent names of the “feature carrier”, which as a result of nominalization has been moved from the position of subject to a dependent attribute.
Axiological Aspect of the Novel by N. Musin “There are the Remains of a Batyr”
Authors: Nabiullina Gulnur M.
Published: July 2021

A comprehensive study of the historical novel by the Bashkir prose writer Nuguman Musin revealed the axiological aspect of the work. The author uses the motifs of the folklore heritage, introducing truly folk features into his work, developing the traditions of national artistic prose, enriching it with new spiritual content based on the Islamic religion. The compositional center of the novel is the image of Aldar Batyr, who embodies the strength of the heroic spirit of the people, inherited from their ancestors. The religiosity of the characters determines their humane attitude to nature, where the forest is designated as a spiritual principle and consolidates moral forces, thus, nature becomes the most important object of testing a person for morality, performing the role of «spiritual substance». Religious relations in the novel are transformed and acquire a new artistic function, opening up the possibility of a long-term vision of the traditions of Islam in an axiological perspective.
Teaching Cognitive Linguistics Methods at Master Degree Programmes
Authors: Milkevich Elena S.
Published: July 2021

Cognitive linguistics combines knowledge of different sciences, such as philosophy, linguistics, psychology, neuroscience, anthropology, mathematical statistics and others. Therefore, cognitive linguistics uses specific methods and types of analyses. Among them is the method of corpus analysis, which is widely used in cognitive research. The Master Degree Programme “Digital technologies in philology. Computer linguistics” at Southern Federal University, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, aims at enabling students to master modern methods and other tools applicable in cognitive research. The teaching process covers several stages. They are: critical analysis of published corpus analysis research, working out the algorithm of conducting the corpus research, practical application of the corpus method, reading widely papers on cognitive linguistics when coming across some tricky points, arguing basic propositions of cognitive linguistics used in the research.
Scientific Consistency – Basis of Optimal Diagnostics in the Form of the Unified State Exam
Authors: Bednarskaya Larisa D.
Published: July 2021

The article continues the series of publications on the problems of multilevel comprehension of systematics in modern educational processes. This determines the attitude to the Russian language course as a discipline of the meta-subject integrative level, which allows to integrate the acquired competencies with other subjects of the school cycle. On the basis of the assimilation of theoretical material tendency to diagnose the formation of competencies in the functional aspect is more clearly defined, when the basis of the norms of language focuses on language: a functional-communicative aspect backbone relies on a linguistic basis. Test materials for the exam on the Russian language correspond to the functional-communicative filling the content of the Programs of the GEF. Awareness of the systematic nature of the processes of studying the subject and diagnosing its assimilation allows to intensify both its assimilation and the diagnosis of the formed competencies, opens up prospects for optimizing the educational process. The article offers examples of compression of theoretical material of different volumes, which help to generalize a huge layer of speech implementations and easily learn them.
North Caucasian Radio Journalism during the Strengthening of Bolshevik Totalitarianism: Finding its own Voice
Authors: Turpalov Lema A.
Published: July 2021

The importance of ideological support for the processes of establishing Soviet power in the North Caucasus increased due to the fact that socialist ideas were little known and incomprehensible to local peoples. The main tool of the Leninist party to propagate socialist transformations – the press – was not effective due to the fact that the mountain population was nearly illiterate. Under these conditions, the only nascent radio became the main tool for manipulating the mass consciousness. The article is a continuation of the publication in the third issue of Proceedings of SFedU for 2020 “Radio Journalism as a Component of the Bolshevist System of Authoritary Journalism of Autonomies of the North Caucasus: the Stage of Formation” and is devoted to the little-studied issues of transformation of a new type of media, relatively independent at the initial stage of Soviet power. It was during this period that the actual radio forms and methods of work of regional radio editions, genres of programs, took shape. Meanwhile, in the historical and journalistic literature, even published in the post-Soviet period, the activities of regional radio broadcasting at the stage of socialist construction are still assessed from the standpoint of communist ideology. It is the time to revise some of the assessments and theses of research carried out in the age of communist authoritarianism. The article attempts to reveal the role of the regional radio journalism in the formation of the dictatorship of the Bolshevik party secretariat, to outline the main trends in the development of the North Caucasian radio, to show the evolution of forms and genres of broadcasting.
Issues of «Pochvennichestvo»: Land and Nation in Publicism by F. M. Dostoevsky and A. I. Solzhenitsyn
Authors: Kulko Kseniya A.
Published: July 2021

The triad: Orthodoxy, autocracy, people form the basis of the conservative views of F.M.Dostoevsky and A.I. Solzhenitsyn. Based on common worldview constants, thinkers build concepts of a national-conservative persuasion. Their creative heritage is broader than “soil culture”, nevertheless, the ideas of this direction are developing in their journalism. The article presents a comparative analysis of the views of the authors concerning their views on the land, the Russian people and the intelligentsia. An analysis of the texts of Dostoevsky’s “Diary of a Writer”, Solzhenitsyn’s artistic and publicistic miniatures “Krohotki” and his other publicistic works allows us to understand why many of the “soil” issues raised in the 19th century were actualized a century later. The continuity of ideas of authors of different centuries in the context of social and political transformations in society is considered. A significant time period separating Dostoevsky and Solzhenitsyn makes it possible to see not only coincidences and consonances in their work, but also divergences.
Naming formed Anthroponyms of Sweets Names in Syntactic Aspect
Authors: Osipova Natalia D.
Published: July 2021

The article characterizes the names of sweets, including anthroponyms, from the point of view of syntactic structure. Four groups of pragmatonyms are analyzed. The first group includes names that formally correspond to Russian anthroponymic formulas (one-, two- and three-component), which determines the novelty of the research. Among the one-component formulas, the formulas “Name” (full anthroponym) and “Surname” are highlighted. Within the framework of the subgroup of two-component formulas, the names built according to the models “First name + Middle Name” and “First name + Last name” have been studied. The nominations of this group in some cases reflect the imitation of the anthroponymic formula (with semantic digressions) as a result of the onimization process. The second group of pragmatonyms was made up of one-word anthroponyms in a hypocoristic or deminutive form. The third group is represented by phrases with a compositional and subordinate (on the basis of agreement, management and adherence) communication. Substantive combinations, including applications, are built on the basis of agreement. Combinations with two types of communication (compositional and subordinate) are classified. The fourth group includes pragmatonyms – sentences. Within the framework of this group, the names of sweets are considered, which are, in their structure, common and uncommon simple sentences.
GENRES’ BALANCING IN E. MENDOZA’S NOVEL “THE AMAZING JOURNEY OF POMPONIUS FLAT”
Authors: Bagdasarova Anna A. , Slyshenko Alexandr I.
Published: July 2021

The article explores the genre specificity of the postmodern novel, “The Amazing Journey of Pomponius Flat” by the contemporary Spanish writer Eduardo Mendoza. The novel is based on the principles of a ludic literature tradition, one of the manifestations of which is a sophisticated interplay of various ‘high’ and ‘low’ genres in neo-baroque fashion. The novel develops an ironic detective story, but also represents different genre markers of the travel novel, the picaresque and historical novels, whose traditions and cliches are introduced in an ironic way. The journey of the heronarrator, which is mentioned at the beginning and at the end of the novel, in fact, has no significance for the plot. The image of the protagonist combines two archetypical figures, keys to Spanish literature – the trickster and Don Quixote. In accordance with the tradition of a historical novel, E. Mendoza’s work creates the illusion of historical reconstruction, but there is no true historicism in the novel, since reliable facts are interspersed with speculations and fantastic elements that question the reliability of the whole story.
“PUSHKIN IN THE LYCEUM YEARS” BY V.A. FAVORSKY AS A PROGRAM OF METATEXTUAL PUSHKIN STUDIES
Authors: Markov Alexander V.
Published: July 2021

The famous graphic image of Pushkin, made by V.A. Favorsky, is considered as a concept for the development of Pushkin’s talent, and may be considered polemical in relation to the interpretation of the Pushkin lyceum-student by Bryusov. Based on the analysis of Favorsky’s illustrations to the works of Pushkin, offered by E. Babaev and A. Korolev, I argue that Favorsky opposed the sociological and psychological consideration of early Pushkin with the concept of Pushkin as convincingly defending the independence of poetic ideas from the socio-historical context in all periods of his activity. Favorsky was in a dialogue with the Russian avant-garde, joining it in denying theatricalization as a key to Pushkin’s work, and supporting the radical gestures of the avant-garde as fit for a better remodelling of the independence of Pushkin’s early work. Favorsky’s graphics can be viewed as a metatext showing exactly how Pushkin defends the autonomy of poetry as a separate area, which should be thought not as a world of private aesthetic solutions, but as a variant of self-control, as opposed to theatrical provocations from the public.
Certain Aspects of Arrest of Property in Light of the Case Law of the Appeal Chamber of the High Anti-Corruption Court
Authors: Bykov Denys
Published: July 2021

The article explores the problems of a temporary seizure and arrest of property in the course of pre-trial investigation in light of the case law of the Appellate Chamber of the High Anti-Corruption Court and the European Court of Human Rights. It is outlined that investigators face particular problems with differentiation of material objects that are subject to seizure upon the decision of an investigator or a prosecutor and may be used for the purposes of the criminal proceedings and those which fall into the category of temporarily seized property, and the legality of their seizure is subject to control by an investigating judge. Investigating judges face the same difficulties which result in decisions on arrest imposed on biological, biometric traces, cigarette butts and other material objects that are not subject to arrest for they do not belong to the category of property. The author analyses whether documents, personal notes, and other items of the kind may be regarded as property and the criteria to categorize them as such. It is concluded that if these items are used as evidence in the criminal proceedings but have no characteristics of property, are not objects of civil rights, have no historical, artistic, scientific, literary, economic, or any other significant value in general or for a certain individual, they are not subject to judicial control and arrest and should be attached to the criminal proceedings in accordance with the rules prescribed by the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine.The author pays particular attention to the unfortunate wording of Part 7 of Article 236 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, which prescribes that seized objects and documents not included in the list of items to be found in the course of a search, contained in the decision of the investigating judge onpermission to conduct a search, are considered temporarily seized property. This legal norm makes the issue of whether certain items belong to the category of property dependent upon their inclusion in thelist or absence in the list, contained in the decision of the investigating judge. Such an approach contradicts the basic principles of the property law. Therefore, the norm should be excluded from Part 7 of Article 236 of the Code. The author also suggests to change the wording of Part 7 of Article 237 of the Code and to clearly outline that documents, as a general rule, are seized and items that fall into the category of property are temporarily seized.The suggested approach will lead to harmonization of the norms of criminal procedural law with those of civil law, setting clear and understandable criteria for defining the legal status of items seized or temporarily seized in the course of examination or search and fulfilling the tasks of effective and impartial pre-trial investigation.
“Inconsequent Carelessness” in Modern Conditions of Criminal Legislative Reform: The Problem and Ways to Solve it
Authors: Bahirov Serhii
Published: July 2021

The article highlights the problem of inconsistency of legislative provisions on careless forms of guilt,which are contained in the General Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, to the constructive peculiarity ofcriminal offenses that are provided by the Special Part of this Code.The author draws attention to the problem which emerged due to the future transfer of a significantnumber of criminal offenses from the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses to the book of criminaloffenses of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine. The vast majority of these offenses are constructed so as tohave a formal composition, to wit the consequences outside it. At the same time, the construction of acareless form of guilt and its varieties, recklessness and negligence, the normative models of which arecontained in the General Part of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine, provides for a mental attitude to theconsequences.It is substantiated that the developers of the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine will have todecide on one of the two directions of the system: either to completely abandon the criminalization ofinconsequent carelessness, leaving the legislative concept of carelessness covering only criminal offenseswith material composition, or to agree with the idea of presence of the inconsequent carelessness within theinstitute of criminal offense.Future problems with determining the form of guilt of criminal offenses are shown, if among theprovisions of the General Part of the projected Criminal Code of Ukraine there is a provision on the limitedpunishment of a careless behavior.The principle of constructing norms on criminal liability for careless acts is proposed, according towhich resultative careless delicts should be provided in the book of crimes, and careless offenses with aformal composition should be misdemeanors.In order to properly cover the provisions of the General Part of the future Criminal Code of Ukraine onthe carelessness of all constructive types of careless offenses, the author proposes to provide two types ofcareless form of guilt: resultative carelessness and inconsequent carelessness.Theoretical modeling of the relevant criminal law norms has been carried out, which will consolidate theinconsequent carelessness and its varieties.
Collisions Regarding еhe Participation of the Prosecutor in Civil Procedure
Authors: Yarosh Illia
Published: July 2021

The author of the article describes the collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the emergence of collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure is associated with the reform and adoption of the new civil procedure legislation, as well as the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. The collisions which have arisen between the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On the Prosecutor’s Office” of 2014 and the Family Code of Ukraine are described. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, the prosecutor is deprived of the function of representation of citizens, and now has the function of representing the state in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the legislator erroneously substantiates the existence in the laws of Ukraine, which contradict the constitutional norms, of such functions of the prosecutor as the representation of citizens and protection of children’s rights by the social role of the state. The State ombudsman should perform these functions, and the state should develop the institution of the free legal aid. The author analyzes the scientific publications of the last four years and emphasizes the contradictory points in them. It is mentioned that not all scientists have consistently considered the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. Today not only society but also scientists interpret the laws differently due to the shortcomings of the legislation. It is separately substantiated that the prosecutor is the official representative of the state, defending its interests in court. So the plaintiff in cases, where there is no state body that can file a lawsuit, should be the state but not the prosecutor. It is emphasized that the legislation of Ukraine regarding the participation of the prosecutor in civil proceedings has to be brought in line with the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine. The prosecutor must perform only the functions specified in the Constitution of Ukraine. In this case, the principles of the rule of law and a democratic social state will be maintained.
Cytological research of exophytic tumors of the bronchi and the growth pattern of lung cancer
Authors: Bolgova Lidiya , Tuganova Tamara , Ponomarenko Anna
Published: July 2021

Background. The study of the growth of lung cancer (LC) has an important clinical significance for morphological verification, the choice of the treatment method, and the determining of prognosis. Investigation of this question allows to clarify the histogenesis of LC. The aim of our study was to compare the results of cytological studies of the material obtained during flexible bronchoscopy (FBS) and scrapings from the operated tumors of the bronchi to clarify the nature of LC growth. Design. To study the growth of tumors in the bronchi in relation to the bronchial mucosa, the cytological examination of the material obtained by FBS and scrapings from the surface of the operated bronchial tumors of 31 patients has been performed. Results. In the preoperative period, in the material of FBS, tumor cells were found only in 1/3 of patients. To obtain the optimal material from exophytic tumors of the bronchus, scrapings were carried out from the entire surface surgical material of the same patients. Cytological preparations of the obtained scrapings confirmed the presence of cancer cells in more than 1/3 of patients. In the rest of the observations, scrapings from the tumor surface contained only cells of the cylindrical epithelium. Conclusions. The cytological investigations made it possible to state that in 2/3 scrapings from surfaces of exophytic tumors of the bronchus contained only cells of the cylindrical epithelium; therefore, the tumors grow under it.
Influence of climatic factors on the energy potential of broadleaf phytocoenosis forest bedding
Authors: Vyshenska Iryna , Ginzhaliuk Alina
Published: July 2021

The study of the energy potential of forest bedding in the deciduous forest areas of the “Lisnyky” Nature Reserve of the Holosiivsky National Nature Park revealed the nonlinear nature of its annual dynamics. The main sources of replenishment of the organic stock of this component of broadleaf forest phytocoenosis were the active development of herbaceous vegetation in spring and significant leaf rainfall in autumn. At the same time, significant changes in the processes of accumulation and decomposition of organic matter of forest bedding occurred under the influence of climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation. The experimental site was located in moderately moist oak forest ass. Convallario majali-Quercetum roboris Shevchyk & V. Sl. in Shevchyk & al. 96. The age of the old Quercus robur oak trees, which occupy the first tier of the forest, exceeds 100 years. The second tier is formed by other broadleaf species, Acer platanoides, A. campestre, A. tataricum, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior and Tilia cordata, up to 30 years old. The energy reserve was calculated from the dry organic matter content. The obtained data were compared with  meteorological data of the corresponding month of the year and correlation coefficients were calculated. Correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between climatic factors and the energy potential of forest bedding. The inverse of the mean force (R = -0.515) shows the relationship between the energy potential of the forest bedding and the average monthly temperature and the high direct correlation between the energy potential and the amount of average monthly precipitation (R = 0.755). In general, forest bedding can be considered an important component of the ecosystem, which responds quickly to external factors and characterizes the state of the forest ecosystem, and its energy potential can be an effective indicator of forest ecosystem stability in climate change monitoring.
Phytorarity of Chernihiv region in M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Gnatiuk Alla , Oleksandr Rak , Gritsenko Viktoriia , Gaponenko Mykola
Published: July 2021

Increasing anthropogenic pressure, global climate change, and the lack of large introduction centers in the Chernihiv region makes it important to preserve rare species of flora ex situ outside this administrative region. The article presents the results of the study of taxonomic composition and evaluation of the success of the introduction of rare plant species of Chernihiv region in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The study of rare plant species and the development of methods for their effective reproduction was initiated in the NBG in 1970 in a separate section “Rare plants of the flora of Ukraine.” It is established that the collection grows and protects 57 phythorarites of Chernihiv region, of which 29 species are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (III edition), and 28 species – in the “List of regionally rare plant species of Chernihiv region”. Most plants successfully recover ex situ with moderate care or without additional human intervention. The biomorphological spectrum of introduced plants is dominated by cryptophytes (50.88 %) and hemicryptophytes (42.11 %), the shares of phanerophytes, hamephytes and therophytes are insignificant. 17 species of phythorarites formed stable homeostatic populations. Of these: 5 species are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (Allium ursinum, Crocus reticulatus, Epipactis helleborine, Galanthus nivalis, Pulsatilla pratensis) and 12 species – in the “List of regionally rare plant species of Chernihiv region” (Aster amellus, Corydalis intermedia, C. marschal, Daphne mesereum, Equisetum hyemale, Iris hungarica, Phlomis tuberosa, Primula veris, Pteridium aquilinum, Scilla bifolia, S. sibirica, Vinca minor). Thus, the cultivation of almost a third of the phythorarites of Chernihiv region in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden testifies to the effectiveness of their preservation ex situ.
CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF SYNTHETIC HAUSMANNITE IN THE OZONE DECOMPOSITION REACTION
Authors: Truba A. S. , Rakitskaya T. L.
Published: July 2021

Samples of IS-Mn and IIS-Mn were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and pH-metry. The X-ray diffraction method revealed both samples to be crystalline and single-phase. IS-Mn sample contains a phase of gausmannite (Mn3O4) with the parameters of the crystal lattice of tetragonal symmetry and the crystallites sized 43 nm. IIS-Mn sample, obtained by calcination of Mn3O4 sample in air under the condition of 600 oC for 4 hours, contains a phase of bixbyite Mn2O3 with a cubic crystal lattice and the crystallites sized 66 nm. The spectra of the Mn3O4 and Mn2O3 samples are particularly different in the region of Mn-OH and Mn-O valence vibrations. For gausmannite, the absorption band for Mn2+ in Td-coordination at 631 cm-1 and the absorption band for Mn3+ in Oh-coordination at 523 and 407cm-1 were clearly shown. In the IR spectrum of bixbyite, several intense absorption bands were observed at 674; 658; 606 and 542 cm-1, which correlate with the literature data and correspond to the valence oscillations of Mn-O in Mn2O3. The pH measurement of the aqueous suspension of the synthesized samples showed that Mn3O4 forms an alkaline medium, and Mn2O3 –weakly acidic upon contact with water molecules. Testing of Mn3O4 and Mn2O3 samples in the ozone decomposition reaction at the initial concentration of 100 mg/m3 showed that the kinetic curves profiles were determined by the phase composition. The testing of the samples was completed and it was established that the same degree of ozone decomposition, namely 50%, was achieved. For hausmannite, the values of the ozone half-life (t1/2) and the amount of ozone (Qexp), which reacted at the end of the experiment, are greater than Mn2O3 sample. The presence of manganese in two oxidation states Mn2+ and Mn3+ in the Mn3O4 structure promotes the redox process, and the alkaline medium contributes to the radical-chain reaction, which affects values t1/2 of and Qexp, which reacted.
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF SALT MELTS OF THE SmF3-CeF3-NaCl-KCl SYSTEM
Authors: Zinchenko V. F. , Ieriomin O. G. , Stoianova I. V. , Volchak G. V. , Chivireva N. O. , Doga P. G. , Stamikosto O. V.
Published: July 2021

Redox interactions between the components of the SmF3-CeF3 and SmF3-CeF3-NaCl-KCl systems have been established by IR transmission spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance electron spectroscopy and luminescence spectroscopy. A significant decrease in the transparency in the IR range of the spectrum was found when passing from the first of the systems to the second, which is explained by an increase in scattering by ultramicrodispersed particles of fluorides in the salt melt. In both systems, the formation of a significant amount of Sm (II) and a decrease in the content of Sm (III) are observed. The change in the valence state of Samarium both during solid-phase heat treatment (1100 °C) and during holding in a salt melt at 700 °C is manifested in the disappearance of some absorption bands, the appearance of new bands, and a gypsochromic shift of the remaining bands. The luminescence spectra exhibit high-intensity emission bands in the 640–740 nm range, which correspond to 5d‑4f electronic transitions in Sm2+ ions. At the same time, the highest intensity is observed in the band corresponding to intracenter 5d‑4f electronic transitions in Ce3+ ions. Apparently, the Ce(IV) compound, formed as a result of the exchange reaction of complex fluoride with a salt melt, volatilizes with subsequent decomposition and does not affect the character of luminescence. On the whole, the luminescence intensity after treatment in the molten salt increases by several tens of times, which indicates a significant change in the radiation mechanism. The mechanism of redox reactions in the solid-phase state, as well as exchange processes in the salt melt and after its crystallization, is discussed. A significant role of solvation shells around particles of lanthanide fluorides in luminescence processes is assumed.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF N-{3-[(4-METHYLBENZENE-1- SULFONYL)IMINO]-6-OXOCYCLOHEXA-1,4-DIEN-1-YL}ARYLAMIDES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Authors: Konovalova S. A. , Avdeenko A. P. , Lubenets V. I. , Komarovska-Porokhnyavets O. Z. , Yakymenko I. Yu. , Lysenko E. N.
Published: July 2021

N-{3-[(4-Methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)imino]-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl}arylamides and their derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding N-(4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)arylsulfonamides with N-chloramides. The biological activity of the synthesized compounds was studied on test cultures of Escherichia coli 67, Staphylococcus aureus 209-p, Mycobacterium luteum VKM B-868 and fungi Candida tenuis VKM Y-70, Aspergillus niger VKM F-1119 by the method of diffusion of substances into agar on a solid nutrient medium. The degree of activity of the test compounds was determined by the diameter of the zones of inhibition of growth of test cultures of microorganisms. The minimum inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were determined by the method of serial dilutions of the substance in a liquid nutrient medium. At the studied concentration, the method of diffusion of substances into agar on a solid nutrient medium has shown that these compounds have low activity against bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium luteum and fungi Candida tenuis, Aspergillus niger. The diameters of the zones of inhibition of growth of test cultures of microorganisms were less than 15 mm. In research by the method of serial dilutions of the substance in a liquid nutrient medium, they have been found to have bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of N-{2-hydroxy-5-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]phenyl}benzamide was 31.2 μg/ml against bacteria Mycobacterium luteum. The minimum inhibitory concentration of N-{2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]phenyl}benzamide against fungi Aspergillus niger was 31.2 μg/ml. The minimum bactericidal concentration of N-{2-hydroxy-5-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]phenyl}benzamide was 62.5 μg/ml against bacteria Mycobacterium luteum. Minimum fungicidal concentration of N-{3-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)imino]-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl}benzamide and N-{2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]phenyl}benzamide was 62.5 μg/ml in action to mold fungi Aspergillus niger.
Jaskinia jako metafora opisująca procesy kształcenia. Studium transformacji Platońskiej opowieści o jaskini w dyskursach edukacyjnych
Authors: Benner Dietrich , Stepkowski Dariusz
Published: July 2021

Od powstania paraboli Platona wielu badaczy, opisując i interpretując procesy wychowania i kształcenia, odwoływało się i nadal odwołuje do motywu jaskini. Autorzy niniejszej publikacji swoje rozważania rozpoczynają od prezentacji dwóch skrajnie odmiennych sposobów odczytania Platońskiej opowieści (Hans Blumenberg – Eugen Fink), następnie przedstawiają swój punkt widzenia, by z kolei przejść do przykładów korzystania z toposu jaskini zarówno w nowożytnych, jak i współczesnych dyskursach na temat kształcenia. W przedostatnim punkcie swoich rozważań autorzy zastanawiają się nas kwestią ciągłości i nieciągłości starożytnego oraz nowożytnego myślenia na temat wychowania i kształcenia, aby na końcu spróbować odpowiedzieć na pytanie: czy współcześnie warto jeszcze odwoływać się do metafory jaskini przy opisywaniu i wyjaśnianiu procesu kształcenia?
Współczesne inspiracje klasyczną paideią. Próba sformułowania realistycznej filozofii wychowania
Authors: Krasnodębski Mikołaj
Published: July 2021

Czymś zrozumiałym jest, że teorie wychowania zależą od założeń (przedzałożeń) filozoficznych lub ideologicznych, które stanowią ich punkt wyjścia. Autor niniejszy tekst sytuuje w aspekcie klasycznej antropologii i epistemologii, podejmując zagadnienia, które jego zdaniem stanowią źródło inspiracji dla współczesnych ujęć wychowawczych. Są to: • problematyka spotkania i obecności na tle teorii poznania niewyraźnego; • problematyka humanizacji intelektu; • problematyka filozoficznej kontemplacji jako przestrzeni działania pedagogicznego.
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Rojek Marcin
Published: July 2021

Jest to wprowadzenie do II części publikacji "Pedagogika Filozoficzna. T. IV. Metamorfozy filozofii wychowania. Od antyku po współczesność zatytułowanej" zatytułowanej "Współczesne konteksty filozofii wychowania", składają się na nią prace, które łączy to, że ich tematyka koncentruje się wokół wybranych, a zarazem niezwykle interesujących współczesnych problemów i zagadnień filozofii wychowania.
Rozwój idei samorealizacji osobowości na przykładzie twórczości naukowej ukraińskich pedagogów z okresu XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Losyeva Nataliya
Published: July 2021

Celem tego artykułu jest prezentacja pedagogicznej spuścizny ukraińskich uczonych z wieku ХІХ i ХХ, dotyczącej zagadnienia samorealizacji osobowości oraz roli tej spuścizny we współczesnych badaniach wspomnianego problemu, rozumianego jako podstawowe uwarunkowanie procesów edukacyjnych.
Uprzedmiotowienie i marchandyzacja relacji społecznych – uwagi pedagoga społecznego na marginesie lektur
Authors: Marynowicz-Hetka Ewa
Published: July 2021

W tekście autorka poddaje analizie znane pojęcia: „uprzedmiotowienie/urzeczowienie/instrumentalizacja” i „dobrowolność i nieodpłatność dawania/daru”, odwołując się do nowego kontekstu i ukazując nowe skojarzenia, przekraczające ramy dyscypliny. Analizuje się je z punktu widzenia rozumienia sensu i znaczenia pojęcia „relacja społeczna”, nadawanych z perspektywy społeczno-pedagogicznej.
Epistemologiczne przesłanki ejdetycznej filozofii wychowania na Husserlowskiej drodze powrotu „do rzeczy samych”
Authors: Gara Jaroslaw
Published: July 2021

Po nakreśleniu horyzontów ujmowania przewodniej dla fenomenologii ejdetycznej idei powrotu do „rzeczy samych” oraz wynikającej stąd epistemologicznej i metodologicznej specyfiki badań ejdetycznych, autor podejmie próbę wyodrębnienia pryncypiów ejdetycznej filozofii wychowania. O epistemologiczno-metodologicznej tożsamości sposobu uprawiania filozofii wychowania, którą można określić mianem ejdetycznej, decydować będzie ścisłe nawiązanie do idei przewodnich sformułowanych przez Husserla w "Badaniach logicznych", dziele fundamentalnym z punktu widzenia idei badań ejdetycznych.
Uczenie się w przestrzeni życia w świetle filozofii racjowitalizmu. Ku pedagogicznej konceptualizacji życia
Authors: Rojek Marcin
Published: July 2021

Autor tekstu w swojej pracy zwraca uwagę, że mimo tego, iż życie i uczenie się są ze sobą nierozerwalnie związane, to literatura pedagogiczna mocno ukierunkowana jest na "uczenie się", zaś o życiu pedagodzy zdają się nie myśleć i się nim nie zajmują. W swojej całej historii pedagogika jak dotąd nie stworzyła terminologii, która pozwalałaby formalnie mówić o ludzkim życiu, a we współczesnej literaturze pedagogicznej brak jest nawet najogólniejszych konceptualizacji problematyki życia. Żaden ze współczesnych słowników pedagogicznych nie zawiera definicji „życia”. Dominuje rozumienie intuicyjne. Dlatego też autor stawia trzy hipotezy, które w swojej pracy omawia.
Bogdana Nawroczyńskiego świat wartości. Kontekst pedagogiczny
Authors: Gajdamowicz Halina
Published: July 2021

Lektura dzieł Bogdana Nawroczyńskiego pozwala czytelnikowi zrekonstruować świat wartości widziany „oczyma Autora”. W jego pracach wątek ponadczasowości, uniwersalizmu wartości przeplata się z myślą o ich historycznym, zmiennym charakterze, uwikłanym w splot czynników historycznych, społeczno-politycznych, kulturowych i wielu innych. Jak się to dzieje, że człowiek żyje jakby w wielu wymiarach jednocześnie? Jest spadkobiercą wartości wypracowanych przez przeszłe pokolenia, jest w nich zakorzeniony, a równocześnie podlega czynnikowi czasu, miejsca, jest dzieckiem swej epoki? Wreszcie jakie jest źródło jego transgresji – jakbyśmy dzisiaj powiedzieli językiem współczesnej psychologii? Skąd czerpie siły, by przezwyciężać siebie, iść ciągle dalej, stawiać sobie cele przekraczające potrzeby dnia codziennego (potrzeby biologiczne), by sięgać w przyszłość, przekształcać rzeczywistość, zostawiając ślad swego bytowania na ziemi. Jak się to dzieje, że to, co stworzył człowiek w swoim społecznym istnieniu, przekazywane jest z pokolenia na pokolenie, żyje niejako własnym obiektywnym życiem, stanowi żywy świat kultury? Pytania te są aktualne dzisiaj i one też wyznaczały szlak poszukiwań pedagogów kultury, jej polskich przedstawicieli, wśród nich Bogdana Nawroczyńskiego.
Introcepcja w filozofii wychowania Bogdana Nawroczyńskiego – zarys potencjału kategorii
Authors: Maliszewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2021

W niniejszym tekście autor próbuje ilustracyjnie naszkicować kilka dróg interpretacji, aby pokazać, że introcepcja to nie termin muzealny, lecz domagająca się nowych wykładni, poszerzeń i pogłębień, współczesna nader ważka idea.
Bogdan Nawroczyński jako publicysta „Kultury i Wychowania” w latach 1933–1939
Authors: Boczoń Magdalena Lidia
Published: July 2021

Autorka koncentruje się na omówieniu publicystyki Nawroczyńskiego w „Kulturze i Wychowaniu”. Artykuł podzielony został na cztery części dotyczące kolejno: charakterystyki „Kultury i Wychowania”; tematyki artykułów Nawroczyńskiego w omawianym periodyku; publicystyki Nawroczyńskiego w „Kulturze i Wychowaniu” na tle jego twórczości i praktyki zawodowej w okresie międzywojnia oraz wkładu Nawroczyńskiego w dorobek pedagogiki kultury w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej zawarty w artykułach opublikowanych w omawianym czasopiśmie.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ СТОИМОСТНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ДРЕВЕСНЫХ ОТХОДОВ И ТРАДИЦИОННЫХ ТОПЛИВ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ И ТЕПЛА
Authors: Марченко Олег Владимирович , Соломин Сергей Владимирович
Published: July 2021

Актуальность. Древесная биомасса является важным источником возобновляемой энергии. В процессе утилизации и энергетического использования древесины высвобождается углерод, который поглощается деревьями из атмосферы. В связи с этим баланс углерода в атмосфере сохраняется примерно постоянным, что способствует предотвращению глобального неблагоприятного изменения климата. Утилизация древесных отходов и их энергетическое использование положительно влияет на экологическую ситуацию, а также позволяет повысить надежность и экономичность тепло- и электроснабжения потребителей. Цель: оценка экономической эффективности газогенераторных энергетических установок на древесном топливе в условиях Иркутской области и сравнение их с системами когенерации электрической и тепловой энергии других типов. Методы. Получены аналитические зависимости для расчета стоимости электрической энергии при заданной стоимости тепла и наоборот, тепловой энергии при заданной стоимости электрической энергии, проведена оценка эффективности энергоисточников разных типов по критерию стоимости производимой энергии. Полученные зависимости применены для оценок экономической эффективности и сопоставления энергоустановок, работающих на разных видах топлива: древесной щепе и топливных гранулах (пеллетах), на угле, природном газе и жидком (дизельном) топливе. Результаты. Показано, что стоимость энергии при использовании древесного топлива существенно меньше стоимости энергии дизельной электростанции за счет использования более дешевого топлива. Системы когенерации энергии на основе газификации древесной биомассы могут также успешно конкурировать с энергоустановками на угле и газе при наличии в месте их размещения дешевой топливной щепы. При введении налога на выбросы диоксида углерода конкурентоспособным по сравнению с углем и газом становится использование не только древесной щепы, но и пеллет.
МЕТОДЫ УДАЛЕНИЯ ПИГМЕНТОВ ИЗ СТОЧНЫХ ВОД
Authors: Джубари Мохаммед Кадер , Алексеева Надежда Вячеславовна , Базияни Гашин Ибрахим , Таха Виляль Саад
Published: July 2021

Актуальность. Красители и пигменты – это природные и ксенобиотические соединения, которые находят широкое применение в различных областях деятельности человека за счет способности придавать объектам цвет. В ходе реализации технологического процесса производства с применением пигментов образуются промывные воды, содержащие пигмент, которые чаще всего являются сточными водами. В результате предприятие теряет часть ценных пигментов и красителей, а окружающая среда подвергается техногенному воздействию. Различные красители, присутствующие в воде, оказывают неблагоприятное воздействие на окружающую среду. Следовательно, очистка сточных вод от пигментов является актуальной проблемой. Цель: нахождение наиболее эффективного и экономически выгодного технологического процесса очистки сточных вод от пигментов и красителей. Методы: сбор, обобщение и комплексный анализ данных по методам очистки сточных вод от красителей и пигментов. Результаты. Рассмотрены существующие технологии очистки сточных вод, содержащих пигменты и красители. Приведены примеры российского и зарубежного опыта. Показана невозможность создания единой технологии очистки сточных вод, содержащих пигменты и красители, так как на выбор конкретного процесса очистки влияют характеристики сточных вод, обусловленные технологией производства и видом пигментов и красителей. Тем не менее можно систематизировать существующие технологии для более удобного и быстрого выбора необходимого технологического процесса. Описаны механические, массообменные, химические и биологические процессы очистки. Проведен анализ отдельных процессов и комбинации нескольких. Использование нескольких процессов в одной технологической стадии разделения сточных вод является наиболее эффективным и экономически выгодным решением.
ИТТРИЕВЫЕ РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНЫЕ И РЕДКОМЕТАЛЛЬНЫЕ АКЦЕССОРНЫЕ МИНЕРАЛЫ ЛЕЙКОГРАНИТОВ АЛЕЙСКО-ЗМЕИНОГОРСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА (РУДНЫЙ АЛТАЙ)
Authors: Новоселов Константин Леонидович
Published: July 2021

Актуальность и цель исследования. Изучением гранитоидов алейско-змеиногорского комплекса впервые установлено в единичной пробе лейкогранитов четвёртой фазы внедрения присутствие редких акцессорных минералов иттрия (приорит, фергюсонит), генезис которых, по существующим данным, пегматитовый, пневматолито-гидротермально метасоматический, но формирование их на магматическом этапе становления интрузии считается наименее типичным. Цель работы состоит в выяснении условий генезиса приорита, фергюсонита в алейско-змеиногорских лейкогранитах. Кроме того, требует решения вопрос источника иттрия и сопутствующих редкоземельных элементов лишь на единственном участке внедрения пород. Методы исследования включают традиционные минералого-петрографические исследования, выделение акцессорных минералов и изучение их видового состава в искусственных протолочках, начальный вес которых составлял 5…8 кг; аналитические исследования минералов выполнены в Институте геологии и минералогии СО РАН (г. Новосибирск) на электронном сканирующем микроскопе JSM–6510LV (Jeol Ltd) с энергодисперсионным спектрометром INCA Energy 350+ (аналитик мл. науч. сотр. М.В. Хлестов) и на рентгено-флюоресцентном микроскопе (отделение геологии Инженерной школы природных ресурсов ТПУ, аналитик канд. геол.-минерерал. наук М.А. Рудмин). Результаты. Впервые в гранитоидах алейско-змеиногорского комплекса встречен комплекс редких акцессорных минералов иттрий-ниобиевого, иттрий-титанового состава наряду с ранее отмечавшимися минералами иттрия (ксенотим), редкоземельным монацитом, ниобатами (колумбит, ильменорутил). Выводы. Присутствие приорита и фергюсонита в единичном штоке лейкогранитов IV интрузивной фазы позволяет рассматривать данный шток как результат деятельности длительно существовавшего канала поступления вещества последовательных фаз внедрения интрузии. Вероятно, свободное поступление материала из первичного магматического очага стало благоприятным фактором для насыщения пород данного участка иттрием, РЗЭ, редкими металлами. Выделение акцессорных минералов соответствующего состава произошло на завершающей стадии формирования интрузива в результате автометасоматоза апикальной и краевых частей.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СИНТЕЗА МЕТАНОЛА ИЗ ЗАБАЛЛАСТИРОВАННОГО АЗОТОМ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА
Authors: Загашвили Юрий Владимирович , Кузьмин Алексей Михайлович , Имшенецкий Владимир Владиславович , Лищинер Иосиф Израилевич , Малова Ольга Васильевна
Published: July 2021

Актуальность исследования обусловлена недостаточной изученностью процесса синтеза метанола из обогащенного азотом синтез-газа, а также отсутствием экспериментальных данных о влиянии состава синтез-газа на выход метанола-сырца, его качество и состав отходящих газов. Проблема особенно важна для малотоннажных установок по производству метанола в промысловых условиях с использованием технологии получения синтез-газа путем парциального окисления природного газа воздухом. Цель: экспериментально подтвердить возможность синтеза метанола из обогащенного азотом синтез-газа и получить объективные оценки производительности процесса, оценить влияние температуры синтеза, состава и параметров забалластированного азотом синтез-газа на выход и качество метанола-сырца, состав отходящих газов. Объекты: забалластированный азотом синтез-газ и его реакционная способность к синтезу метанола в зависимости от температуры синтеза, состава и параметров – мольных отношений компонентов и факториала (модуля) – синтез-газа. Методы: экспериментальные лабораторные исследования синтеза метанола с катализатором С-79-7GL компании «ZüdChemie»в проточном реакторе изотермического типа. Результаты. Экспериментально подтверждена возможность синтеза метанола из обогащенного азотом синтез-газа, получаемого парциальным окислением природного газа воздухом. При давлении 4,0–4,2 МПа и объемной скорости 1100 ч–1 для различных средних температур 210, 220 и 230 °С синтеза и двух отличающихся составом сырьевых смесей определены выходы метанола-сырца, содержание воды и примесей в метаноле-сырце, составы и параметры отходящих из реактора газов, конверсии углерода. Уточнены оптимальная температура синтеза и допустимые вариации температуры в слое катализатора. Сформулированы рекомендации к параметрам процесса в установках с трехреакторными проточными каскадами синтеза метанола и приведена оценка их удельной производительности при использовании обогащенного азотом синтез-газа.