bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enterprise Architecture Planning untuk Pengelolaan Masjid Muhammadiyah
Authors: Fahana Jefree , Umar Rusydi
Published: December 2021

Majelis Tabligh merupakan unsur pembantu pimpinan yang ditunjuk sebagai penanggungjawab lapangan dalam pengelolaan masjid Muhammadiyah. Sampai tulisan ini hadir, data-data berkait pengelolaan masjid masih belum ada, seperti jumlah masjid se-DIY, kondisi masjid, pengelolaan jamaah, pengelolaan keuangan masjid, dan lainnya.Â Pengawasan terhadap masjid-masjid Muhammadiyah juga masih belum bisa dilakukan, makaÂ perluÂ dukunganÂ sistem informasi/teknologi informasi (SI/TI)Â yang terintegrasi.Â Enterprise ArchitectureÂ adalah gambaran hubungan logis yang terintegrasi antara visi misi, proses bisnis, system informasi, dan infrastruktur organisasi.Â Enterprise Architecture PlanningÂ (EAP) merupakan suatu metode atau kerangka acuan untuk membangun suatu arsitektur informasi yang mengacu pada tujuan atau kebutuhan bisnis organisasi yaitu arsitektur bisnis, arsitektur data, arsitektur aplikasi, arsitektur teknologi. Pada penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu arsitektur bisnis yang teridentifikasi berupa area fungsi, fungsi bisnis, dan proses bisnis Majelis Tabligh. Arsitektur data berupa 10 entitas data. Arsitektur aplikasi berupa 18 aplikasi. Arsitektur Teknologi yang teridentifikasi salahsatunya menggunakanÂ platform webÂ danÂ Mobile.Â Selain itu, didapatkan juga portofolio aplikasi dalam bentuk Mc Farlan Grid.Â The Majelis Tabligh is an auxiliary element to the leadership who is appointed to be in charge of the field in the management of the Muhammadiyah mosque. Until now, there are still no data related to mosque management, such as the number of mosques in Yogyakarta, the condition of mosques, management of congregations, mosque financial management, and others. Supervision of Muhammadiyah mosques is still not possible, so it is necessary to support an information system/information technology (IS / IT) system. Enterprise Architecture is a description of the integrated logical relationship between the vision and mission, business processes, information systems, and organizational infrastructure. Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) is a method or frame of reference for building an information architecture that refers to the goals or business needs of the organization, namely business architecture, data architecture, application architecture, technology architecture. This research resulted in an identified business architecture in the form of function areas, business functions, and the Majelis Tabligh business process. The data architecture consists of 10 data entities. The application architecture is in the form of 18 applications. One of the identified technology architectures uses web and mobile platforms. In addition, you can also get a portfolio of applications in the form of the Mc Farlan Grid.
Malware Static Analysis on Microsoft Macro Attack
Authors: Aresta Redho Maland , Pratomo Ero Wahyu , Geraldino Vicky , Fauzi Achmad , Santoso Joko Dwi
Published: December 2021

In the 21st century, technology is increasing rapidly, the increase in technology is the potential for cyber attacks on today's technological infrastructure. Malware that is designed to damage computer systems without the owner's knowledge at a considerable cost becomes a cyber crime. This macro malware analysis is to study the code and behavior of malware when run on an operating system. To analyze this malware, this study uses a static analysis method by analyzing malware without running the program.
The factors influencing community nurses' usage of electronic health records: findings from focus groups
Authors: Lezard Ruth , Deave Toity
Published: December 2021

Electronic health records (EHRs) are integral to community nursing, and mobile access aids seamless, responsive care, prevents repetition and reduces hospital admissions. This saves time and money, enabling smoother workflows and increased productivity. Common practice among community nurses is to return to workbases to access EHRs. This research was conducted to explore what leads to inconsistency in EHR use. Focus groups were held with community nurses, and reflexive thematic analysis of the data was undertaken. Nurses who used EHRs during consultations described the practice as integrative and informed, promoting collaborative care. Those who did not described EHRs as time-consuming, template-laden and a barrier to nurse-patient communication. One barrier to mobile working is the threat to collegiate teamworking and the social and clinical supports it provides. This study suggests specific strategies could increase mobile EHR engagement: role-specific training for effective EHR use; clear organisational directives; innovative team communication; and peer-to-peer coaching.
An Optimality Theory-Based Approach into the Phonotactic Constraints of English Spoken by Broadcasters in Nigeria
Authors: Usman Abdulmalik , Kagu Aisha Abubakar
Published: December 2021

One of the observations in the English spoken particularly in Nigeria is phonotactic constraints. The constraints pin down the generalization which guide the articulation of sequences of phonemes. The paper examines the patterns of English consonant clusters articulation of Nigerian broadcasters in the onset and coda positions against Received Pronunciation English. The study is conducted within the framework of Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). 20 radio and television broadcasters from 4 electronic media were selected as participants. Data were obtained by means of production test and OT was employed for the analysis. The findings revealed that the participants used epenthetic vowels to break-up consonants clusters in the onset and consonant deletion to simplify clusters in the coda. The subjects’ productions can be captured by ranking Markedness constraints higher than Faithfulness constraints.
The Effectiveness of Using Picture Word Inductive Model Strategy in Developing EFL Iraqi students’ Vocabulary Retention
Authors: Yaseen Inas Kamal
Published: December 2021

Vocabularies represent the basic elements of any language, thus, if there wasn’t sufficient control in using them then the result would be a difficulty in vocabulary retention when needed. The Picture Word Inductive Model Strategy (PWIM) than traditional methods. The current study aims at investigating the effectiveness of using (PWIM) Strategy in developing EFL Iraqi students' vocabulary retention. The study is conducted by using an achievement test to check the study sample. The researcher has selected a sample of (65) students in third stage in English Department in the Colleges of Education at Missan University in the Academic Year (2021-2022). The students are divided into two groups, the first group is the experimental group and the second group is the control group. In order to find out whether there are any statistically significant differences among the two groups’ achievement, the researcher applied the T-test formula for the two samples in an independent way. Based on the outcome of the study, there are statistically remarkable differences appeared in the results from the two groups. Accordingly, the study proves that using (PWIM) can increase the vocabulary retention of the students.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO DA MORTALIDADE DA POPULAÇÃO IDOSA NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Perreira Bruna dos Reis , De Jesus Ivia Mayana Oliveira , Martins Maísa Mônica Flores
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional tem ocorrido de maneira radical e bastante acelerada principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, esse processo de mudança do perfil demográfico representa um grande desafio para esses países, que precisam rapidamente inserir o tema do envelhecimento populacional na formulação de políticas públicas e de pensar em soluções de reorganização social e de saúde suficientes para atender as necessidades dessa nova realidade populacional. Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar o perfil de mortalidade da população idosa do nordeste brasileiro. Materiais e Métodos: O presente projeto trata-se de um estudo ecológico, espaço-temporal, de caráter descritivo a partir de dados secundários de mortalidade da população idosa do nordeste brasileiro, no período de 2006 a 2016. As fontes de dados constituirão de dados contidos nos diversos sistemas de informações disponíveis no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Foi identificado a partir desse estudo que, o perfil de mortalidade da população idosa   é caracterizado principalmente pela sobrecarga das Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis (DANT), e de outros problemas e agravos a saúde como as doenças infecciosas e parasitárias e a desnutrição, que revelam o grau de privação socioeconômica e sanitária que tornam os idosos desta região ainda mais vulneráveis e com mínimas chances de envelhecer ativamente e com qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, essas informações são instrumentos imprescindíveis para o monitoramento das condições de vida e saúde, na orientação de estratégias de prevenção desses eventos, além de possibilitar o reconhecimento das demandas e padrões de serviços de saúde da população idosa para o planejamento, elaboração e avaliação de políticas de saúde.
Isolated Closed Medial Subtalar Dislocation Without Ankle Fracture: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mundewadi Vishwas V , B R Harshavardhan , P R Akhil Kumar
Published: December 2021

Subtalar dislocation is an unusual clinical case with very little mention in literature constituting nearly 1% of all traumatic dislocations. Here a 40 year old male who sustained fall over inverted foot was diagnosed as closed isolated medial subtalar dislocation with no associated fractures. This is an even more rare entity. Immediate closed reduction was done and immobilised for 4 weeks with below knee cast. This case report describes the mechanism of injury, ligaments involved, manoeuvre of closed reduction. This case report highlights the importance of prompt and urgent reduction and short period of immobilisation to avoid complications and better prognosis.
Keywords: Subtalar dislocation, Basketball foot, Isolated, Medial, Arthritis.
Spatially resolved measurements of ballistic and total transmission in microscale tissue samples from 450 nm to 1624 nm
Authors: Mok Aaron T. , Shea Jamien , Wu Chunyan , Xia Fei , Tatarsky Rose , Yapici Nilay , Xu Chris
Published: December 2021

We built a simple and versatile setup to measure tissue ballistic and total transmission with customizable wavelength range, spatial resolution, and sample sizes. We performed ballistic transmission and total transmission measurements of overlying structures from biological samples ex vivo. We obtained spatially resolved transmission maps to reveal transmission heterogeneity from five microscale tissue samples: Danionella skin, mouse skull bone, mosquito cuticle, wasp cuticle, and rat dura over a wide spectral range from 450 nm to 1624 nm at a spatial resolution of ∼25 µm for ballistic transmission measurements and ∼50 µm for total transmission measurements. We expect our method can be straightforwardly applied to measuring the transmission of other samples. The measurement results will be valuable for multiphoton microscopy. The total transmission of a sample is important for the collection of multiphoton excited fluorescence and the assessment of laser-induced sample heating. The ballistic transmission determines the excitation power at the focus and hence the fluorescence signal generation. Therefore, knowledge of ballistic transmission, total transmission, and transmission heterogeneity of overlying structures of animals and organs are essential to determine the optimal excitation wavelength and fluorophores for non-invasive multiphoton microscopy.
Experimental measurements of the transfer function of a nonlinear optical loop mirror
Authors: Malfondet Alix , Parriaux Alexandre , Tchofo-Dinda Patrice , Millot Guy
Published: December 2021

Measurement of the average values of the input and output powers of a device can give insight into the transfer function (TF) of that device, but this approach usually hides the real impact of certain propagation phenomena. However, to the best of our knowledge, measurements of the TF of nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLMs) have always been carried out using this approach, which may lead to underestimating the impact of dispersive and nonlinear effects. Here, we present the experimental measurement of the TF of a NOLM, made from experimental measurements of the input and output intensity profiles of the device, using a frequency-resolved optical gating technique. Our approach clearly highlights the impact of dispersion effects and Kerr nonlinearity on the NOLM’s TF.
High-resolution dual-energy sixteen-channel Kirkpatrick–Baez microscope for ultrafast laser plasma diagnostics
Authors: Yi Shengzhen , Si Haoxuan , Fang Ke , Fang Zhiheng , Wu Jiali , Qi Runze , Yuan Xiaohui , Zhang Zhe , Wang Zhanshan
Published: December 2021

High-resolution x-ray imaging diagnostics play a crucial role in fundamental research, such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy density physics (HEDP). Plasma signals are typically characterized by small scales, rapid evolution, and spectral complexity. These characteristics make it essential to develop x-ray diagnostics optics with high spatial resolution, collection efficiency, and spectral resolution. These requirements can be met using a combination of a high-resolution multi-channel Kirkpatrick–Baez (KB) microscope with spectrum-resolved multilayers and a time-resolved framing camera. This study describes the optical and multilayer design of a dual-energy sixteen-channel KB microscope. The calibrated results of online and offline imaging are shown. By utilizing a dual-energy multi-channel KB microscope, high-resolution backlighting and self-emission x-ray imaging can be realized and detailed information related to plasma density and temperature can be simultaneously obtained.
High-power, high-efficiency, all-fiberized-laser-pumped, 260-nm, deep-UV laser for bacterial deactivation
Authors: Fu Qiang , Hanrahan Niall , Xu Lin , Lane Simon , Lin Di , Jung Yongmin , Mahajan Sumeet , Richardson David J.
Published: December 2021

We report a 5.8-W deep-ultraviolet (DUV) laser obtained from frequency-quadrupling of an all-fiberized ytterbium-doped fiber (YDF) master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). The MOPA system delivers 585 ps pulses at 1040 nm with a maximum available output power of 23.5 W for nonlinear frequency conversion. A lithium triborate (LBO) crystal and a beta barium borate (BBO) crystal are employed for second- and fourth-harmonic generation (FHG), respectively. At a repetition rate of 1.6 MHz, a maximum DUV output power of 5.8 W is obtained at 260 nm with a corresponding pulse energy of 3.6 μJ and maximum peak power of at least 6.9 kW. A 1μm-to-260nm conversion efficiency of 26.4% is achieved at a DUV output power of 5.8 W. To the best of our knowledge these results represent the highest-average-power fiberized-laser-pumped DUV laser, as well as the most efficient DUV generation based on BBO crystals to date. We further demonstrate application of the pulsed DUV laser in bacterial disinfection achieving an inactivation efficiency of 99.999% for E-coli bacteria at a DUV exposure of 7 mJ/cm2.
Improved multiplier-free Mueller-Müller Baud-rate timing error detector for optical IM/DD system
Authors: Zhang Shenmao , Zhong Linsheng , Zou Yang , Zhu Mingyue , Dai Xiaoxiao , Zhang Jing , Cheng Mengfan , Yang Qi , Liu Chen , Deng Lei , Liu Deming
Published: December 2021

Baud rate clock recovery scheme that supports high order modulation formats is an essential part in digital signal processing for current short reach transmission. In this paper, we propose an improved multiplier-free Mueller-Müller timing error detector (MMTED) sampling at baud rate, which shows excellent performance with low complexity. Using the sign operation, the multiplier is eliminated. The further use of error signal to substitute the original data helps to reduce the jitter of the clock. 25 GBaud PAM-4/8 and 50 GBaud PAM-4 transmission are carried out to evaluate the TED performance. Compared to the sign MMTED, more than 12 dB timing jitter improvement is realized.
Generalized forgery attack to optical encryption systems
Authors: Feng Jun , Huang Wei , Jiao Shuming , Wang Xiaopeng
Published: December 2021

In previous works, the attacking methods to optical encryption systems are mainly investigated from the aspect of cryptanalysis. An alternative forgery attack is proposed recently for an encrypted computational ghost imaging (CGI) system by confusing the receiver with forged keys and fake decrypted images. But the limitation is that it only works for binary single-pixel intensity values. We propose a different forgery attacking algorithm that works for grayscale single-pixel intensity values in a general CGI system. In addition, we transfer the concept of forgery attack to the well-known double random phase encoding (DRPE) system and propose a corresponding iterative attacking algorithm. Furthermore, we propose several metrics to evaluate the imperceptibility level of the forged keys. We prove that a forgery attack can be implemented not only in a particular situation but also for general optical encryption systems.
Simultaneous and ultra-sensitive SERS detection of SLPI and IL-18 for the assessment of donor kidney quality using black phosphorus/gold nanohybrids
Authors: Chen Hui , Luo Caixia , Xing Longqiang , Guo Huiru , Ma Pei , Zhang Xuedian , Zeng Li , Sui Mingxing
Published: December 2021

Due to the global challenge of donor kidney shortage, expanding the pool of deceased donors has been proposed to include expanded criteria donors. However, the lack of methods to precisely measure donor kidney injury and predict the outcome still leads to high discard rates and recipient complications. As such, evaluation of deceased donor kidney quality is critical prior to transplantation. Biomarkers from donor urine or serum provide potential advantages for the precise measure of kidney quality. Herein, simultaneous detection of secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) and interleukin 18 (IL-18), two important kidney injury biomarkers, has been achieved, for the first time, with an ultra-high sensitivity using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Specifically, black phosphorus/gold (BP/Au) nanohybrids synthesized by depositing Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto the BP nanosheets serve as SERS-active substrates, which offer a high-density of inherent and accessible hot-spots. Meanwhile, the nanohybrids possess biocompatible surfaces for the enrichment of target biomarkers through the affinity with BP nanosheets. Quantitative detection of SLPI and IL-18 were then achieved by characterizing SERS signals of these two biomarkers. The results indicate high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility of this method. The limits of detection reach down to 1.53×10−8 mg/mL for SLPI and 0.23×10−8 mg/mL for IL-18. The limits of quantification are 5.10×10−8 mg/mL and 7.67×10−9 mg/mL for SLPI and IL-18. In addition, simultaneous detection of these biomarkers in serum was investigated, which proves the feasibility in biologic environment. More importantly, this method is powerful for detecting multiple analytes inheriting from excellent multiplexing ability of SERS. Giving that the combined assessment of SLPI and IL-18 expression level serves as an indicator of donor kidney quality and can be rapidly and reproducibly conducted, this SERS-based method holds great prospective in clinical practice.
Solid phase dye molecular dispersion property of PDMS-based thermoplastic elastomer
Authors: Nakakubo Keisuke , Takagoshi Daichi , Mikami Yuya , Yoshioka Hiroaki , Kotani Takuji , Oki Yuji
Published: December 2021

Although the diffusion coefficients of dyes in PDMS-based elastomers (FK-001 and FK-002) with solvent dispersibility and thermoplastic are smaller than those of conventional PDMS (KE-1606), about 1/42∼1/72, the increase in diffusion coefficient with temperature of PDMS is linear, while that of PDMS-based elastomers is non-linear. FK-001 showed the rate of increase of diffusion coefficient from 25°C to 40°C was about 1/4 smaller than that of KE-1606, but the rate of increase from 40°C to 55°C was about 2.9 times larger than that of KE-1606. In the future, it is expected that this elastomer will be improved by focusing on the diffusion characteristics of dyes and applied to the control of dye circulation by temperature at the interface between this elastomer and PDMS.
Multifunctional RNA-binding proteins influence mRNA abundance and translational efficiency of distinct sets of target genes
Authors: Schneider-Lunitz Valentin , Ruiz-Orera Jorge , Hubner Norbert , van Heesch Sebastiaan
Published: December 2021

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can regulate more than a single aspect of RNA metabolism. We searched for such previously undiscovered multifunctionality within a set of 143 RBPs, by defining the predictive value of RBP abundance for the transcription and translation levels of known RBP target genes across 80 human hearts. This led us to newly associate 27 RBPs with cardiac translational regulationin vivo. Of these, 21 impacted both RNA expression and translation, albeit for virtually independent sets of target genes. We highlight a subset of these, including G3BP1, PUM1, UCHL5, and DDX3X, where dual regulation is achieved through differential affinity for target length, by which separate biological processes are controlled. Like the RNA helicase DDX3X, the known splicing factors EFTUD2 and PRPF8—all identified as multifunctional RBPs by our analysis—selectively influence target translation rates depending on 5’ UTR structure. Our analyses identify dozens of RBPs as being multifunctional and pinpoint potential novel regulators of translation, postulating unanticipated complexity of protein-RNA interactions at consecutive stages of gene expression.
Spatial distribution and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Frimpong James Boadu , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
Published: December 2021

Background

Evidence suggests that in countries with high fertility and fecundity rates, such as Nigeria, the promotion of modern contraceptive use prevents approximately 32% and 10% of maternal and child mortality, respectively. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of modern contraceptive use and its predictors among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

Methods

The study employed a cross-sectional analysis of population-based data involving 24,281 women of reproductive age in Nigeria. The study adopted both multilevel and spatial analyses to identify the predictors of modern contraceptive use and its spatial clustering among women in Nigeria.

Results

Modern contraceptive use among the study population in Nigeria ranged from 0% to 75%, with regional variations. The spatial analysis showed that areas with a low proportion of modern contraceptive use were Sokoto, Yobe, Borno, Katsina, Zamfara, Kebbi, Niger, Taraba and Delta. Areas with a high proportion of modern contraceptive use were Lagos, Oyo, Osun, Ekiti, Federal capital territory, Plateau, Adamawa, Imo, and Bayelsa. The multilevel analysis revealed that at the individual level, women with secondary/higher education, women from the Yoruba ethnic group, those who had four children and above, and those exposed to mass media had higher odds of using modern contraceptives. On the other hand, women who were 35 years and above, those who were married, and women who were practicing Islam were less likely to use modern contraceptives. At the household/community level, women from the richest households, those residing in communities with medium knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, and women residing in communities with a high literacy level were more likely to use modern contraceptives.

Conclusion

There were major variations in the use of modern contraception across various regions in Nigeria. As a result, areas with low contraceptive rates should be given the most deserving attention by promoting contraceptive education and use as well as considering significant factors at the individual and household/community levels.
Trends in extent of surgical cytoreduction for patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Wong Deanna H. , Mardock Alexandra L. , Manrriquez Erica N. , Lai Tiffany S. , Sanaiha Yas , Sinno Abdulrahman K. , Benharash Peyman , Cohen Joshua G.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

To identify patient and hospital characteristics associated with extended surgical cytoreduction in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Methods

A retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database identified women hospitalized for surgery to remove an ovarian malignancy between 2013 and 2017. Extended cytoreduction (ECR) was defined as surgery involving the bowel, liver, diaphragm, bladder, stomach, or spleen. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to analyze patient and hospital demographics related to ECR, and trends were assessed using the Cochran-Armitage test.

Results

Of the estimated 79,400 patients undergoing ovarian cancer surgery, 22% received ECR. Decreased adjusted odds of ECR were found in patients with lower Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI) scores (OR 0.61, p<0.001 for ECI 2, versus ECI≥3) or residence outside the top income quartile (OR 0.71, p<0.001 for Q1, versus Q4), and increased odds were seen at hospitals with high ovarian cancer surgical volume (OR 1.25, p<0.001, versus low volume). From 2013 to 2017, there was a decrease in the proportion of cases with extended procedures (19% to 15%, p<0.001). There were significant decreases in the proportion of cases with small bowel, colon, and rectosigmoid resections (p<0.001). Patients who underwent ECR were more likely treated at a high surgical volume hospital (37% vs 31%, p<0.001) over the study period. For their hospital admission, patients who underwent ECR had increased mortality (1.6% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001), length of stay (9.6 days vs. 5.2 days, p<0.001), and mean cost ($32,132 vs. $17,363, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Likelihood of ECR was associated with increased medical comorbidity complexity, higher income, and undergoing the procedure at high surgical volume hospitals. The proportion of ovarian cancer cases with ECR has decreased from 2013–17, with more cases performed at high surgical volume hospitals.
Preterm neonatal mortality in China during 2009–2018: A retrospective study
Authors: Yu Xue , He Chunhua , Wang Yanping , Kang Leni , Miao Lei , Chen Jian , Zhao Qihui , Huang Xiaona , Zhu Jun , Liang Juan , Li Qi , Wang Meixian , Liu Hanmin
Published: December 2021

In this retrospective analysis, we aimed to analyze the epidemic characteristics of neonatal mortality due to preterm birth at 28–36 weeks gestation in different regions from 2009 to 2018. Data were obtained from China’s Under-5 Child Mortality Surveillance System (U5CMSS). The χ2 trend test, Poisson regression and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method were used in this study. We found that 51.3%, 42.0% and 44.5% of neonate deaths were preterm infants, and immaturity was mainly attributed to 60.1%, 64.1% and 69.5% of these deaths, in the eastern, central and western regions, respectively. The preterm neonatal mortality rate due to immaturity dropped from 149.2, 216.5 and 339.5 in 2009 to 47.4, 83.8 and 170.1 per 100 000 live births in 2018, giving an average annual decline rate of 12.1%, 11.6% and 6.3% in the eastern, central and western regions, respectively, during the studying period. The relative risk of preterm neonatal mortality due to immaturity were 1.3 and 2.3 for the central regions and western regions in 2009–2010, ascending to 2.2 and 3.9 in 2017–2018. The proportion of preterm neonatal deaths with a gestational age <32 weeks was highest among the eastern region. There were significantly more preterm neonatal infants who were not delivered at medical institutions in the western region than in the eastern and central regions. The preterm infant, especially with gestational age <32 weeks, should receive the most attention through enhanced policies and programs to improve child survival. Priority interventions should be region-specific, depending on the availability of economic and healthcare resources.
A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis of bacteria related to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients
Authors: Motamedi Hamid , Fathollahi Matin , Abiri Ramin , Kadivarian Sepide , Rostamian Mosayeb , Alvandi Amirhooshang
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a major hospital problem and a common adverse effect of antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the most important bacteria that cause AAD in hospitalized patients.

Materials and methods

PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched using multiple relevant keywords and screening carried out based on inclusion/exclusion criteria from March 2001 to October 2021. The random-effects model was used to conduct the meta-analysis.

Results

Of the 7,377 identified articles, 56 met the inclusion criteria. Pooling all studies, the prevalence ofClostridioides(Clostridium)difficile,Clostridium perfringens,Klebsiella oxytoca, andStaphylococcus aureusas AAD-related bacteria among hospitalized patients were 19.6%, 14.9%, 27%, and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of all four bacteria was higher in Europe compared to other continents. The highest resistance ofC.difficilewas estimated to ciprofloxacin and the lowest resistances were reported to chloramphenicol, vancomycin, and metronidazole. There was no or little data on antibiotic resistance of other bacteria.

Conclusions

The results of this study emphasize the need for a surveillance program, as well as timely public and hospital health measures in order to control and treat AAD infections.
Consumer perceptions of antimicrobial use in animal husbandry: A scoping review
Authors: Barrett Jaime R. , Innes Gabriel K. , Johnson Kelly A. , Lhermie Guillaume , Ivanek Renata , Greiner Safi Amelia , Lansing David
Published: December 2021

Antimicrobial use in animal agriculture is often perceived to play a role in the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance. Increased consumer awareness of this issue places pressure on animal husbandry to adopt policies to reduce or eliminate antimicrobial use. We use a scoping review methodology to assess research on consumer perceptions of antimicrobial drugs in meat products in the United States, Canada, or the European Union. Evaluating peer-reviewed and grey literature, we included studies for assessment if they met these topical and geographic requirements, involved primary data collection, and were originally published in English. Our screening process identified 124 relevant studies. Three reviewers jointly developed a data charting form and independently charted the contents of the studies. Of the 105 studies that measured consumer concern, 77.1% found that consumers were concerned about antimicrobial use in meat production. A minority of studies (29.8% of all studies) queried why consumers hold these views. These studies found human health and animal welfare were the main reasons for concern. Antimicrobial resistance rarely registered as an explicit reason for concern. A smaller group of studies (23.3%) measured the personal characteristics of consumers that expressed concern about antimicrobials. Among these studies, the most common and consistent features of these consumers were gender, age, income, and education. Regarding the methodology used, studies tended to be dominated by either willingness-to-pay studies or Likert scale questionnaires (73.64% of all studies). We recommend consideration of qualitative research into consumer views on this topic, which may provide new perspectives that explain consumer decision-making and mentality that are lacking in the literature. In addition, more research into the difference between what consumers claim is of concern and their ultimate purchasing decisions would be especially valuable.
Antioxidant activity and protective effect of propolis against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver and kidney injury by modulation of oxidative parameters
Authors: El-Haskoury Redouan , Al-Waili Noori , Kamoun Zeineb , Makni Mohamed , Al-Waili Ahmed , Lyoussi Badiaa
Published: December 2021

Background and Aim: Propolis has a protective effect against cellular damage caused by toxic agents such as drugs, metals, xenobiotics, and chemicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress on kidney and liver injury in rat. Materials and Methods: The study quantified phenol, flavone, and flavonol in propolis and assessed antioxidant activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and molybdate. The investigators used four groups of rats to study the effect of propolis on CCl4-induced toxicity. Propolis extract was given orally (500 mg/kg) for 12 days, and CCl4 (1 mL/kg) was administered intraperitoneally on day 5 of the experiment. Blood and tissue samples of the liver and kidney were collected on day 13 to measure biochemical and oxidative parameters. The parameters included malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl formation (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), and ascorbic acid (AA). Biochemical parameters included liver enzymes, blood urea (BU), creatinine, and uric acid (UA). Results: CCl4 decreased antioxidant agents, including CAT, GPx, GSH, and AA in the liver and kidney tissues. The oxidative agents' levels, including MDA, PCO, and AOPP, increased by CCl4 compared to the control group. CCl4 increased liver enzymes, UA, BU, and creatinine in the blood samples. Propolis significantly alleviated liver and kidney function, improved antioxidant parameters, and decreased levels of oxidative agents. Conclusion: The data showed for the 1st time that Moroccan propolis has a protective effect against CCl4-induced kidney and liver toxicity by maintaining the activity of the antioxidant defense system, which was most likely due to its antioxidant activity.
Influence of molecular weight on dielectric properties and piezoelectric constant of poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes obtained by electrospinning
Authors: Zahari Aminatul Sobirah , Mazwir Muhammad Hafiz , Misnon Izan Izwan
Published: December 2021

A significant influence of the molecular weight on the dielectric properties and piezoelectric constant of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes obtained by electrospinning was demonstrated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and d33 meter were used to evaluate dielectric properties and piezoelectric constant respectively. The presence of the β-phase was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The membranes with the lowest molecular weight (180,000 g/mol) possessed the best dielectric properties. They also had the highest piezoelectric constant (21 pC/N) and dielectric constant (2.9 at 50 Hz) as well as the highest β-phase content (80.25%).
Pineapple leaf fibers as a reinforcement of biocomposites - an overview
Authors: Mohamed Rahmah , Hapizi Norsuriati Muhmad , Norizan Mohd Nurazzi , Khairunnisa Nur
Published: December 2021

Based on 87 references, a literature review was presented on PLA reinforced with pineapple leaf fibers (PALF). The properties of PALF were compared with those of other natural fibers. Mechanical properties of PLA composites and factors influencing them, such as filler content, adhesion at the interface between polymer fiber and matrix, as well as fiber length and their modification were discussed. Potential applications of PLA/PALF composites were also presented.
An innovative approach to game-based learning in nursing education: Virtual gaming simulation
Authors: Ordu Yadigar , Çalışkan Nurcan
Published: December 2021

Nursing education includes cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning areas that enable students to take on certain roles. Reasons such as limited clinical applications, patients' reluctance to have students practice and the low number of teaching staff negatively affect the development of students. For this reason, technological developments are integrated into the nursing education curriculum and it is tried to provide knowledge and skills to students in a safer and more effective way. Game-based learning is becoming more and more common in the education of nursing students who grow up in the age of technology. Game-based learning provides permanence in knowledge, supports active learning and increases student satisfaction. Recently, one of the applications involving technology in nursing education is virtual game simulation. Virtual game simulation is a 2D (two-dimensional) virtual computer game involving simulated real people, allowing students to actively participate in a clinical scenario. Virtual simulation games are designed with realistic scenarios for students to experience the clinical environment, improve their self-confidence, critical thinking and clinical decision making skills. The aim of this article is to explain virtual game simulation, which is a new approach in game-based learning in nursing education, and research on the subject.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
 
Özet
Hemşirelik eğitimi öğrencilere belirli rolleri üstlenmelerini sağlayacak düzeyde bilişsel, duyuşsal ve psikomotor öğrenim alanlarını içermektedir. Sınırlı klinik uygulamalar, hastaların öğrencilere uygulama yaptırmak istememesi ve öğretim elemanı sayısının az olması gibi nedenler ise öğrencilerin gelişimini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle yaşanan teknolojik gelişmeler hemşirelik eğitim müfredatına entegre edilerek öğrencilere bilgi ve beceri öğretimi daha güvenli ve etkin bir şekilde sağlanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Teknoloji çağında yetişen hemşirelik öğrencilerinin eğitiminde oyun temelli öğrenme giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Oyun temelli öğrenme, bilgide kalıcılığı sağlayarak aktif öğrenmeyi desteklemekte ve öğrenci memnuniyetini artırmaktadır. Son zamanlarda hemşirelik eğitiminde teknolojiyi içeren uygulamalardan biri sanal oyun simülasyonudur. Sanal oyun simülasyonu, öğrencilerin klinik bir senaryoya aktif katılımını sağlayan, simüle edilmiş gerçek insanları içeren 2D (iki boyutlu) bir sanal bilgisayar oyunudur. Sanal simülasyon oyunları gerçeğe yakın senaryolar ile öğrencilerin klinik ortamı deneyimlemesi, özgüvenlerinin, eleştirel düşünme ve klinik karar verme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, hemşirelik eğitiminde oyun temelli öğrenmede yeni bir yaklaşım olan sanal oyun simülasyonunu ve konu ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaları açıklamaktır.
A Comprehensive Survey of Routing Attacks and Defense Mechanisms in MANETs
Authors: Deeptha R.
Published: December 2021

Mobile Ad Hoc NETwork (MANET) is the most desired topic of research amidst researchers mainly because of its flexibility and independent nature of network infrastructures. MANET's unique characteristics, like the dynamic behaviour related to network topology, limited bandwidth and battery resources, make routing a challenging task. Currently, several efficient routing protocols based on topology and geographical information have been proposed for MANET. However, most of them assume a trusted and cooperative oriented environment. With the influence of adversaries, the MANET routing protocols are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. Recently, several research efforts have been made to counter these adversarial activities. This survey investigates the latest and on demand security concerns in MANET. This paper comprehensively discusses the existing attacks in the network layer, various categories of defense mechanisms in the literature, and their benefits and defects when applying to MANET. This paper also classifies the attacks and defense mechanisms based on the routing nature, such as topological and geographical. It also discusses intrusion detection systems as well as anonymous routing in MANETs. Finally, it discusses the challenges and future directions in routing security over the MANET environment.
Cloud based Agile Methodology Test Automation for Web Application by Using Tanh Activated Clustering and Classification Model (TACC) in Machine Learning
Authors: Krishna V. Vamsi , Gopinath G.
Published: December 2021

Automatic functional tests are a long-standing issue in software development projects, and they are still carried out manually. The Selenium testing framework has gained popularity as an active community and standard environment for automated assessment of web applications. As a result, the trend setting of web services is evolving on a daily basis, and there is a need to improve automatic testing. The study involves to make the system to understand the experiences of previous test cases and apply new cases to predict the status of test case using Tanh activated Clustering and Classification model (TACC). The primary goal is to improve the model's clustering and classification output. The outcomes show that the TACC model has increased performance and demonstrated that automated testing results can be predicted, which is cost effective and reduces manual effort to a greater extent.
Social Model of Disability: A Small-Scale Survey of the Bangladeshi Community in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
Authors: Parveen Syeda Sultana
Published: December 2021

This study employs a small-scale survey to investigate the lives of Bangladeshi disabled residents in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. Survey instruments include individual interviews and focus group discussions with people with disabilities in the Bangladeshi community. The paper also investigates the health and social care activities of Tower Hamlets Council through the lens of the social model of disability. The findings show that there are numerous facilities available for people with disabilities, but there is still a lack of satisfaction with the services provided to the community.
How teachers interpret displays of students’ gaze in reading comprehension assignments
Authors: Knoop-van Campen Carolien A. N. , Kok Ellen , Van Doornik Roos , De Vries Pam , Immink Marleen , Jarodzka Halszka , Van Gog Tamara
Published: December 2021

Reading comprehension is a central skill in secondary education. To be able to provide adaptive instruction, teachers need to be able to accurately estimate students’ reading comprehension. However, they tend to experience difficulties doing so. Eye tracking can uncover these reading processes by visualizing what a student looked at, in what order, and for how long, in a gaze display. The question is, however, whether teachers could interpret such displays. We, therefore, examined how teachers interpret gaze displays and perceived their potential use in education to foster tailored support for reading comprehension. Sixty teachers in secondary education were presented with three static gaze displays of students performing a reading comprehension task. Teachers were asked to report how they interpreted these gaze displays and what they considered to be the promises and pitfalls of gaze displays for education. Teachers interpreted in particular reading strategies in the gaze displays quite well, and also interpreted the displays as reflecting other concepts, such as motivation and concentration. Results showed that teachers’ interpretations of the gaze displays were generally consistent across teachers and that teachers discriminated well between displays of different strategies. Teachers were generally positive about potential applications in educational practice. This study provides first insights into how teachers experience the utility of gaze displays as an innovative tool to support reading instruction, which is timely as rapid technological developments already enable eye tracking through webcams on regular laptops. Thus, using gaze displays in an educational setting seems to be an increasingly feasible scenario.
Presence of short and cyclic peptides in Acacia and Ziziphus honeys may potentiate their medicinal values
Authors: ALaerjani Wed Mohammed Ali , Abu-Melha Saraa Abdullah , Khan Khalid Ali , Ghramh Hamed A. , Alalmie Ali Yahya A. , Alshareef Rahaf Mohammed Hussein , AL-Shehri Badria M. , Mohammed Mohammed Elimam Ahamed
Published: December 2021

Acacia honey is characterized by high nutritional, antioxidant, antibacterial and immuno-modulatory values. This work investigated the presence of short and cyclic peptides in Acacia and Ziziphus honey samples. Acacia honey samples (Acacia tortilis and Acacia hamulosa) and three Ziziphus honeys (Ziziphus spina-christi) were screened for their short and cyclic peptide contents using the LC-MS and the chemical structure databases. Moreover, the total protein content was determined using the Bradford method. The A. tortilis honey contained three short peptides; HWCC, DSST, and ECH, and the A. hamulosa honey sample contained five short peptides and one cyclic peptide. The short peptides of the A. hamulosa honey were Ac-GMGHG-OH (Ac-MGGHG-OH), Boc-R(Aloc)2-C(Pal)-OH, H-C (1)-NEt2·H-C (1)-NEt2, APAP (AAPP), and GAFQ (deamino-2-pyrid-4-yl-glycyl-dl-alanyl-dl-norvalyl-dl-asparagine). The cyclic peptide of the A. hamulosa honey was cyclo[Aad-RGD-d-F] (cyclo[Aad-Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe]). The Ziziphus honey was characterized by the presence of either Almiramide B or Auristatin-6-AQ. A. tortilis, A. hamulosa, and Ziziphus honeys are characterized by the presence of short and cyclic peptides which may contribute to their medicinal values.
Effect of concrete and reinforcement continuity on repairing mid-span zone in simply supported one-way slab
Authors: Kadhim Muhammad Jawad , Shadhan Khalid K. , Al-Zahra Bilal Ismaeel Abd
Published: December 2021

The flexural strength of slabs may be reduced due to accidents and environmental effects. This study focuses on the rehabilitation of the one-way reinforced concrete slab. Experimental works include five simply supported one-way reinforced concrete slabs with width, depth, and length of 400, 120, and 2200 mm, respectively. Different configurations of steel continuity between old and new concrete have been tested. Moreover, in the control specimen (steel is continued overall, the specimen and concrete are cast in one stage over the entire slab). In the other four specimens, the concrete is cast in two stages, the left and right parts representing the old concrete are cast first, and the middle part representing a new concrete is cast after that. In these four specimens, new steel is connected to old one by different configuration (original steel remain to continue, new steel connected to old one by weld, new steel connected to old one by making 90° hooks, and new steel bars is put inside bores using epoxy). After testing, the welding method of connecting new to old steel is the best one.
The Collateral Directive and Financial Collateral: Ownership of, or entitlement to, collateral?
Authors: Ezike Obiora
Published: December 2021

It is controversial if incorporeal moveables (or choses in action) can be the object of property rights. The Collateral Directive arguably attempts to take the middle-ground in this debate. It acknowledges that a person may have either ‘full ownership of’, or 'full entitlement' to, financial collateral, which are conceptualised as intangibles. The approach adopted by the Directive throws up some questions: Is there a difference between owning or being entitled to collateral? If there is a difference, does this matter? The article first highlights the underlying controversy between these two concepts: which arises because of the different conceptions of real rights, or right in rem, and the need to protect the boundary between real and personal rights. The article then argues that although ‘owning’ and ‘entitlement’ are different concepts, there are also functional similarities between both concepts which arguably the Directive extends further than necessary.