bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflection of Post-Economic Problems in Science Fiction Series “Star Trek” and “Babylon 5”
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Kyrchanoff M. W.
Published: October 2024

The article examines “Star Trek” and “Babylon 5” as components of American political culture and collective memory, focusing on their portrayal of economic issues. It aims to analyze how economic ideas are depicted in science fiction films and how they are absorbed into mass culture to fit the needs of a consumer society. The study draws on interdisciplinary historiography and economic theory, integrating insights from economic and cultural anthropology as well as sociology. Its novelty lies in analyzing how economic and social issues are perceived and how alien economic development is portrayed in the visual narratives of science fiction series. The analysis focuses on how these series represent economic experiences and social contradictions, such as inequality and development disparities in American society. It also explores the political and ideological dimensions of the economy as a driver of social and cultural transformation, particularly amid economic globalization and growing criticism of capitalist rationality. Additionally, the study considers how economic development is understood through collective memory, with socio-economic traumas from modernization and globalization intensifying inequality and disparities. The study further explores how “Star Trek” and “Babylon 5” shape perceptions of economic issues in U.S. society by promoting the idea of a socially responsible economy. The author argues that these series envision a post-capitalist economy grounded in humanism, progress, and development. In conclusion, the findings suggest that “Star Trek” and “Babylon 5” serve as cultural mechanisms for the assimilation and reevaluation of economic concepts, addressing collective traumas and ideological contradictions as society balances social responsibility with market dynamics.
Metamorphosis of Time Budget and Labor Intensity in High-Tech Clusters
Authors:   Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P. A. Kostychev, Minat V. N.
Published: October 2024

This study explores how extensive time and intensive development factors interact during technological transitions by analyzing changes in the time budgets of workers in knowledge-intensive, creative fields. While theoretical literature highlights the growing significance of free time, increasingly influenced by hidden labor activities, this research shifts focus to the systemic and structural changes in time budgets and the ways they affect productivity. The primary objective is to identify the links between time budget transformations and the rising labor intensity in high-tech industries across various countries, united by their accelerated development. The study seeks to create a typology of these metamorphoses in relation to labor intensity dynamics, employing empirical data and correlation analysis based on national statistical groupings. The findings reveal a complex and sometimes contradictory relationship. On one hand, an optimal balance between labor and non-labor time expenditures emerges, shaped by national-cultural values, which influences labor intensification levels. On the other hand, creative labor is subjected to two opposing forms of exploitation: extensive, characterized by increased working hours, and intensive, marked by heightened pressure per unit of time. This study offers insights from cross-country comparisons to inform socio-economic policy adjustments, focusing on balancing labor productivity growth with public consumption. Achieving this balance is vital for sustainable economic development and enhancing workers' quality of life amid rapid technological change.
Evolution of Digital Economy Differences among SCO Member Countries: Analysis and Perspectives
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Li R. , Gospodarik C. G. ,   Belarusian State University,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

In the context of globalization and development of information technologies, the digital economy is increasingly recognized as a key indicator of national competitiveness. This research examines the spatial differences and patterns of the digital economy among SCO member states by analyzing indicators such as Internet penetration, e-commerce transactions, and digital infrastructure investment. Using the Theil index and exploratory spatial data analysis, the study reveals significant disparities in digital economic development and its spatial distribution characteristics among the member states. The findings indicate a clear stratification in the development levels of the digital economy, closely linked to the economic development levels and regional positions of each country. Despite the existence of this stratification, the overall distribution is relatively ba­lanced. However, the pronounced imbalance in digital economy development affects not only individual member states’ economic growth but also has significant implications for the broader regional economic landscape. By analyzing the relationships between digital development levels and regional economic indicators, this research explores how the digital economy reshapes regional economic patterns. Therefore, SCO countries are encouraged to prioritize the development of the digital economy in nations with strong resource endowments, foster industrial upgrading, and enhance economic cooperation. By deepening the interaction between the digital economy and regional economies, SCO member states can collaboratively address the challenges of digitalization and achieve mutually beneficial development.
Olmayanın Tarihi: Türk Sinemasında Akamete Uğrayan Projelere Giriş
Authors: Şavk Serkan
Published: October 2024

Sinema tarihini sadece filmlere odaklanan bir yaklaşımla yazma eğilimi son 20 yıldır önemli oranda değişmiştir. Bu değişim bağlamında gözlemlenen yeni yaklaşımlardan biri de çeşitli sebeplerle olmayan/gerçekleşmeyen yani akamete uğrayan şeyleri ele alarak bunları sinema tarihinin yapıcı unsurları arasına dahil etmektir. Bu makalede, karşı-olgusal tarih, başarısızlık çalışmaları ve yapım-dışı çalışmaları kuramsal çerçevelerinden hareket edilerek, Türk sinemasında akamete uğrayan projelerin tarihine odaklanmanın ilk örneklerinden biri verilmektedir. Bu yönüyle elinizdeki makale öncü bir çalışmadır ve bir giriş niteliğidir. Kaynak olarak, Yeşilçam dönemi sinema profesyonellerine ilişkin anı, biyografi ve otobiyografi türlerindeki kitaplarında aktarılan bilgilerden yararlanılmaktadır. Amaç, akamete uğrayan şeylerin tarihsel çalışmaların bir parçası haline getirilmesinin, Türk sinema tarihine ilişkin bilgi ve varsayımları nasıl genişletebileceğini örneklemektir. Makalenin bulguları, sinema profesyonellerinin akamete uğrayan projelerden bahsederken kariyerlerinde geriye dönük bir inşa yaptıklarını ve uluslararası projeler ya da büyük bütçeli yapımlar gibi yokluğu gözlemlenen şeyleri vurguladıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, bazı sinemacıların akamete uğrayan projelerinde gerçek kariyerlerinden farklı profesyonel patikalar olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Türk sinema tarihinde akamete uğrayan projelere odaklanmanın tarih yazımına yapacağı katkı kuramsal olarak ve örnek vakalarla ortaya konulmuştur.
Open access, “piracy” and Article Processing Charges (APC) in Argentina: an informed policy for the national research funding agency
Authors: Terlizzi María Sol , Zukerfeld Mariano , Beigel María Fernanda
Published: October 2024

Scientific communication is carried out in various ways: at scientific meetings (congresses, conferences, etc.), by journalistic notes and interviews, through social media and academic networks as well as the main way of communicating research results in terms of volume of copies and prestige: publication in scientific journals. The ecosystem of scientific journals is also diverse: journals published by small or large research institutions and universities coexist with journals published by scientific associations and others edited by publishing groups, each one with different objectives, scope and capacities. Despite this diversity, in recent decades the process of conferring prestige to scholarly journals has been concentrated in a small set of commercial conglomerates which produce impact indicators, used in most countries to make decisions on research positions and funding. These publishing oligopolies consume the budgets of research and scientific funding institutions through the payment of subscriptions and, increasingly, through the payment of Article Processing Charges (APC) or Read&Publish agreements.
Interleaved Multi-Modal Document Representations for Large-Scale Information Retrieval Using Large Language Models
Authors: Rixewa Dominic , Anderson Katherine , Dubois Leonard , Harrington Mateo
Published: October 2024

The exponential growth of multi-modal data has posed significant challenges for traditional information retrieval systems, which often struggle to effectively integrate and process content across different formats, such as text and images. A novel approach is introduced through a unified interleaved representation that enables the seamless integration of multi-modal inputs, allowing for more accurate and efficient retrieval of complex content. The method leverages cross-modal attention mechanisms and advanced token interleaving, enhancing the model's ability to capture intricate relationships between modalities within a shared latent space. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in retrieval accuracy, precision, and computational efficiency when compared to existing baseline models. The proposed system not only improves the overall performance of large-scale retrieval systems but also offers a scalable and robust framework for processing increasingly complex and diverse datasets.
“Nothing to lose or a world to win”: Reconsidering efficacy, legitimacy, political trust and repression to understand the goal-based nature of confrontational collective action
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Drury John , Acar Yasemin Gülsüm
Published: October 2024

Confrontational collective actions are neither uncontrolled outbursts of initially pacifist resistance nor mere reactions to helplessness and lack of viable political options. Instead, they serve strategically determined purposes within the group, making them perceived as both effective and legitimate. Understanding the goal-based nature of these actions necessitates examining the role of efficacy and legitimacy of actions that are committed to achieving group goals. We examined the role of political trust and protest repression in the legitimacy and efficacy of confrontational and non-confrontational collective actions, and in turn their role in confrontational collective action. Across three correlational studies conducted in Germany, Turkey, and the UK (N = 3,833), the legitimacy and efficacy of confrontational tactics were core determinants of confrontational actions. While political trust did not directly predict confrontational action, it predicted protest repression and the legitimacy of confrontational tactics. Our findings challenge the nothing-to-lose hypothesis by demonstrating that confrontational actions are not driven by the low efficacy of non-confrontational strategies or low political trust, and people may perceive both confrontational and non-confrontational actions as similarly effective.
The Influence of Loan Deposit Ratio, Liquidity Reserve Requirement Ratio, Leverage, and Company Size on Window Dressing: Conventional Commercial Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the Period 2018-2022
Authors: Anggraeny Shinta Noor , Suhasto RB. Iwan Noor , Sasmita Santi Tyas
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR), Liquidity Reserve Requirement Ratio (LRRR), Leverage, ROA, and Company Size on Window Dressing. The independent variables in this study are Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR), Liquidity Reserve Requirement Ratio (LRRR), Leverage, ROA, and Company Size. The dependent variable in this study is Window Dressing. This research uses secondary data obtained from annual financial statements and quarterly reports presented by companies through the IDX website. The population in this study consists of 46 conventional commercial banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. The sample determination in this study uses purposive sampling based on specific criteria, resulting in a sample of 40 conventional commercial banking companies. Data analysis techniques are conducted using panel data regression. The independent variables in this study are Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR), Liquidity Reserve Requirement Ratio (LRRR), Leverage, Company Size, and ROA. The results of this study indicate that company size has an effect on Window Dressing. Meanwhile, Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR), Liquidity Reserve Requirement Ratio (LRRR), Leverage, and ROA do not have an effect on Window Dressing.
Enlarged scale of the interior built environment reduces the cognitive performance of higher-education students during exams
Authors: Bower Isabella Simone , Broadbent Jaclyn , Coussens Scott , Enticott Peter Gregory
Published: October 2024

Examinations are a widely used assessment method in higher education. They are often conducted in large indoor environments that can accommodate high numbers of students to maximize scheduling and cost efficiency. Recent evidence, however, suggests enlarged room scale impacts brain activity that is associated with concentration, which could negatively impact cognitive performance. We analysed data (N=15,400) from undergraduate students over eight years across three campuses at an Australian tertiary institution. Using linear mixed models, we compared examination performance across different room scales, while accounting for coursework performance, and other variables. We found some evidence that student examination performance was worse in rooms with elevated ceiling heights, but additional modelling indicated a more complex relationship (where ceiling height might be linked to improved performance). These results provide tentative support for the notion that built environment scale influences cognitive performance, and suggest caution in conducting examinations in large scale, high-ceiling rooms.
The Effect of Liquidity and Leverage on Profitability with Investment Opportunity Set as a Moderating Variable in Energy Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018-2022
Authors: Salsabilla Al-ainna Havizha , Fitri Fitri , Asrilsyak Sharnuke
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity and leverage on profitability with the investment opportunity set as a moderating variable. The population in this study includes all Energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2022, totaling 65 companies. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method, resulting in 49 companies that met the criteria. Data analysis was conducted using Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA) with the SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that 1) there is a significant effect of liquidity on the profitability of Energy companies, 2) there is a significant effect of leverage on the profitability of Energy companies, 3) the investment opportunity set can significantly moderate the relationship between liquidity and profitability, and 4) the investment opportunity set can significantly moderate the relationship between leverage and profitability.
Ottawa's Burden: Fort Churchill and Military Nursing in Northern Canada, 1945–1975
Authors: Wiseman Matthew S.
Published: October 2024

Between 1949 and 1964, Canada's Department of National Defence owned and operated the Fort Churchill Military Hospital in northern Manitoba. As one of only two military hospitals in the country to treat civilian patients, the other being Whitehorse, Fort Churchill played a unique and critical role in the provision of federal health services in the postwar period. This article centres the experiences of military nurses in the Hudson Bay area of northern Canada, using the rise and fall of Fort Churchill's hospital, to investigate Ottawa's approach to medical governance. Military medicine is more than a wartime or overseas phenomenon, and it is incumbent upon medical historians to consider domestic military contexts in peacetime as a crucial component of Canada's twentieth century health history.
Making Sense of the Rural Special Education Teacher Shortage
Authors: Ruppar Andrea , McCabe Katie , Doren Bonnie , Leko Melinda
Published: October 2024

Long-standing shortages of well-prepared special educators, especially within rural areas, have jeopardized positive outcomes for students with disabilities. In this multiple case study of administrators and special educators, the authors examined how individuals make sense of the special education teacher shortages in relation to the challenges of working in a rural school. Local contextual factors intersected with salary and state policies, highlighting how external, political factors affected districts’ ability to attract and retain special education teachers. Chief among implications for research, policy, and practice is the need to attend to multipronged approaches that have the potential to mitigate economic barriers to special educator recruitment and retention in rural school districts.
MODERN STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZING THE FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF COMPANIES
Authors: Moiseiev Viacheslav
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to explore modern strategies for optimizing a company's financial resources for the gradual implementation of these concepts in the activities of Ukrainian business entities. The study identifies that the successful functioning and development of companies in modern conditions are characterized by the objective necessity to seek new opportunities for forming and using resources to increase the company's value. The research highlights that financial resources, by their nature, can be classified into two broad categories: internal and external financial resources, the ratio of which in the overall volume of the company's financial resources forms the capital structure indicator, which is one of the most important criteria for assessing the financial condition of companies. It is noted that the main goals of optimizing the structure of a company's financial resources are maximizing profit and profitability, increasing the company's market value, minimizing financial risks and the cost of capital attraction, and ensuring sustainable growth overall. The policy for shaping the structure of financial resources should ensure a combination of equity and borrowed sources of financing that fosters increased capital profitability, solvency, financial stability, reduced financial risks, and weighted average cost of capital, among other factors. As a result of the study, the author concludes that by using a combination of financial planning and forecasting, cost optimization, working capital and fixed assets management, risk management, capital structure optimization, investment management, as well as leveraging government incentives and digital transformation, companies can effectively manage their financial resources to achieve strategic goals
THE ROLE OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE FORMATION OF THE FINANCIAL STRATEGY OF ITS ACTIVITIES
Authors: Koverninska Yuliia
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the significance of the analysis of the financial potential of the enterprise in the formation of the financial strategy of its activity through the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the implementation of this type of analysis, the basic foundations of the process of forming the strategy of the enterprise and the search for connections between these economic phenomena.
By the term "financial potential of the enterprise" we can understand the totality of the enterprise's opportunities for optimizing its financial flows (volumes, dynamics and structure), the timely identification and reasonable use of which allows creating conditions for maximizing the achievement of the enterprise's current and strategic goals.
It was determined that the analysis of financial potential is a comprehensive analytical study of the company's capabilities to optimize the volume and structure of its financial flows.
The financial strategy of an enterprise is defined as the determination of the long-term goals of the enterprise's financial activity, the choice of the most effective methods and ways of achieving them.
It is established that the analysis of the financial potential of the enterprise penetrates into all stages of the process of forming the financial strategy of the enterprise, from the comprehensive assessment of the strategic financial position of the enterprise to the development of the target strategic guidelines of its activity in the financial aspect and the evaluation of the developed financial strategy.
It was determined that the importance of financial analysis in the process of forming a financial strategy is also confirmed by the fact that in the scientific literature such a subtype of analysis as strategic financial analysis is often singled out, which focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the financial aspects of the enterprise from the point of view of ensuring the most complete realization of its financial potential for long-term stable development
¿De ciencias o de letras? Brechas de género en el espacio educativo STEM
Authors: Esteban Ramiro Beatriz , Moreno López Roberto , Marí Ytarte Rosa M.ª
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El estudio que se presenta persigue analizar y comparar la presencia de mujeres en el ámbito educativo con relación a las carreras STEM, así como indagar en el interés de las mujeres jóvenes por los temas científicos y tecnológicos. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo aplicando revisión estadística de fuentes secundarias (SIIU y UCLM); se administró un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc a N=480 jóvenes de Castilla-La Mancha entre los 16 y los 29 años.Resultados: Los resultados muestran la evidencia de las brechas de género en el acceso y elección de los estudios considerados STEM. Las mujeres se decantan, en mayor proporción, por estudios vinculados a las ramas de ciencias sociales, humanidades y ciencias de la salud. Discusión: La información obtenida permite explorar cuáles son los posicionamientos e intereses de las mujeres jóvenes además de los factores que están influyendo en la elección de sus estudios post-obligatorios. Conclusiones: Seguir profundizando en cómo operan en las brechas de género, en relación con el desarrollo y el interés en la ciencia, es un reto ineludible que afecta de manera directa al sistema educativo, pero en el que deben estar presentes todos los agentes de socialización.
Service Learning in non-formal education in a penitentiary center
Authors: Amores Anabel , De la Calle Maldonado Carmen
Published: October 2024

Introduction:  Prisons should promote educational activities in formal and non-formal settings in accordance with the educational model that is carried out in educational contexts other than prisons. Methodology: The aim of this proposal is to promote social commitment and the development of skills, values and attitudes necessary for social reintegration. To this end, the aim is to develop this activity in the context of non-formal education within the prison environment, through the application of a service-learning methodology. Results and Discussion:  Over the course of ten sessions, inmates will be able to work with young people at risk of social exclusion by telling their life stories. In this way, the prisoners will have to work on personal introspection and develop strategies to help prevent delinquency in these young people. Conclusions: All this will favour the development of a social commitment in the persons deprived of liberty and therefore, a series of skills and attitudes that will be necessary for their future reintegration.
Realidad virtual, aumentada y mixta en el sector salud: perspectivas y experiencia del usuario en educación superior universitaria
Authors: Mejías Martínez Guillermo , Cuesta Díaz Victoria , González-Vallés Juan Enrique
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El sector del llamado continuo de realidad (virtual, aumentada y mixta) ha experimentado un crecimiento acelerado, particularmente en su aplicación a las ciencias de la Salud. Sin embargo, a pesar del innegable potencial de estas herramientas, su adopción por parte del público general aún no parece haberse consolidado, como lo demuestran las ventas moderadas de visores de realidad virtual. Metodología: Este estudio aborda dicha problemática mediante un análisis comparativo de la percepción de estudiantes de áreas de la salud, como psicología y enfermería, frente a estudiantes de comunicación audiovisual, estos últimos considerados como referencia teórica para futuras aplicaciones generales en el medio audiovisual y consumo masivo. Resultados: Los resultados indican que a pesar de la predisposición tanto de estudiantes de ramas de la Salud como de comunicación audiovisual a su uso la mayoría no dispone de uno en su hogar, resultándoles desconocida la tecnología en su aplicación práctica. Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos permiten determinar cómo podría evolucionar la adopción de medios virtuales en contextos clínicos españoles, tanto desde la perspectiva del paciente como del profesional. Conclusiones: Resulta necesaria la aplicación de estrategias efectivas para fomentar una mayor aceptación y utilización de estas nuevas tecnologías virtuales.
La Inteligencia Artificial: una realidad en el Derecho de Autor
Authors: Miranda Villacís Alba , Romero Romero Clara Daniela , Paredes Fuertes Fernando
Published: October 2024

Introducción. El artículo examina la protección de obras generadas por inteligencia artificial (IA) bajo el derecho de autor, considerando la propiedad intelectual tradicional, la responsabilidad social y los derechos morales. Su objetivo es evaluar la adecuación de la legislación actual de propiedad intelectual ecuatoriana frente a los desafíos de la era de la IA, identificando problemas y desafíos legales en la resolución de conflictos de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual. En particular, se destacan los vacíos legales en la legislación ecuatoriana ante los avances tecnológicos y la necesidad de proteger los derechos individuales y colectivos en el reconocimiento de la propiedad de autor. Metodología. La metodología cualitativa utilizada incluye métodos bibliográficos, documentales, sintéticos, deductivos e históricos para comprender los alcances legales de la propiedad de autor y diferenciarlos de la IA, evaluando su valor mercantil en la reproducción. Resultados. Los resultados principales de la investigación identifican desafíos legales emergentes en la protección de derechos de autor en el contexto tecnológico y ofrecen recomendaciones sobre la regulación necesaria para proteger estos derechos en el entorno social. Conclusión. La legislación ecuatoriana debe buscar un equilibrio en la protección del derecho de autor y la creatividad e innovación.
Validación del instrumento de valores cristianos para la contratación de personal en empresas agrícolas, manufactureras y comercial de la zona 4 Ecuador. Un enfoque PLS-SEM
Authors: Ugando Peñate Mikel , Sabando-García Ángel Ramón , Armas Herrera Reinaldo , Higuerey Gómez Ángel Alexander , D'Elia Di Michele Pierina , Inga Llanez Elvia Rosalía
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En los últimos años, las empresas se identifican con poseer valores cristianos y muchas al momento de contratar personal realizan preguntas sobre los valores de honestidad, solidaridad, humildad, responsabilidad y sinceridad. El Objetivo de esta investigación tiene como objetivo la validación del instrumento de valores cristianos para la contratación de personal. Metodología: Se usó la estadística multivariante mediante ecuaciones estructurales confirmatorias y exploratorias para 183 empresas de la zona 4 de Ecuador (Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas y Manabí). Resultados: Los resultados demostraron una confiabilidad de constructo y de contenido excelente de forma global. El componente de valores cristianos en la contratación del personal reportó cargas factoriales aceptables y una confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach cercana a uno. Discusión: El componente implementación de valores humanísticos y cristianos, tenía cargas factoriales por encima del 60 por ciento, con una confiabilidad del Alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,8. El componente oración y sociedad, evidenció cargas factoriales superiores al 60 por ciento, con una confiabilidad de alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,75. Conclusiones: El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales tiene un error de ajuste aceptable, los coeficientes de ajuste incremental son excelentes, con coeficiente parsimoniosos aceptables, un criterio de Akaike excelente y un análisis de validez de constructo que discrimina cada componente del cuestionario de valores cristianos.
El impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los trabajos en la Universidad
Authors: Martínez-Rivera Oscar
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La inteligencia artificial (IA) puede ser utilizada para apoyar la creación de los trabajos de las asignaturas. El uso de esta tecnología va a ser indispensable para la vida profesional de los estudiantes y, por lo tanto, la Universidad debe incorporar herramientas como el ChatGPT a lo largo de su formación. La investigación está basada en el uso de la IA para resolver ejercicios universitarios. Metodología: La metodología se basa en la observación y análisis del uso de IA que han llevado a cabo un grupo de estudiantes para resolver un ejercicio universitario y en qué medida el resultado final está influenciado por las propuestas que el ChatGPT les hace. Resultados: No todos los estudiantes se han sentido cómodos con los resultados de la IA y han optado por un uso más o menos intensivo de los textos propuestos por esta. La mayoría de las personas que se han basado fundamentalmente en el resultado de la IA han suspendido la actividad. Conclusiones: La IA puede ayudar a la construcción de textos para trabajos en la Universidad, pero necesita que el estudiante domine el contenido que solicite el ejercicio para perfeccionar bastante la propuesta inicial de la IA.
Estimation of Gestational Age from Human Fetal Diaphyseal Length of Femur
Authors: Khan Sana , Mandhana Vaishali , Shroff Gautam
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Length of femur is the good marker of late gestational age. Femur length denotes exact gestational age and helps in classification of fetus as pre-term, term or post-term. Also, it is an important parameter in medicolegal cases like decomposed fetuses, infanticide and mutilated parts of fetus. This study was mainly conducted to estimate the gestational age from human fetal diaphyseal length of femur. Material and Methods: Study was conducted on 35 human aborted fetuses obtained from OBGY department of MGM Medical college, Aurangabad and 70 femurs of right and left side were dissected out in Anatomy department of same institute for the fetal femur morphometry and its correlation with gestational age. Fetuses were divided into 4 groups as A, B, C, D according to their gestational age and diaphyseal length i.e., measurement from greater trochanter to lateral condyle (L1) was measured. Results: In each group following parameter was analyzed by descriptive statistics. The Mean +SD, minimum and maximum values for diaphyseal length of femur (L1) was calculated in each group. L1 of right femur increases gradually from 38.96 mm in group A to 74.294 mm in 32 in group D. Similarly for left femur, the diaphyseal length increase gradually from 38.971 mm in group A to 76.594 mm in group D. The mean diaphyseal length L1 of both right and left side is 38.95 in group A and 75.44 in group D, shows linear correlation with gestational age. It was found that femur length gives a positive correlation with gestational age. Conclusion: Diaphyseal length of fetal femur, is one of the most important parameter for the estimation of gestational age in 2nd and 3rd trimester.
Near-surface ozone concentration variability analysis in the Karadag Nature Reserve
Authors: Fedorova E. I. , Lapchenko V. A. , Elansky N. F. , Rakitin V. S. , Skorohod A. I. , Vasilyeva A. V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of a study of a near-surface ozone concentration variability in the Crimea at the background environmental monitoring station in the Karadag Nature Reserve for 2012–2021 years with a more detailed analysis of the last six years from 2016 to 2021. A significantly high level air pollution of а near-surface ozone was revealed in the observation region, despite the absence of nearby sources of industrial emissions.
The relationship of near-surface ozone concentration and meteorological parameters was investigated. Wind directions leading to increased levels of near-surface ozone pollution are established. Intra-annual variations of near-surface ozone concentration are analyzed, the factors causing the local summer minimum of surface ozone concentration in some years are established.
By using the NOAA HYSPLIT model and ERA5 reanalysis, a spatial analysis of the atmospheric circulation pattern in the region was carried out. The recurrence of episodes of exceeding the ozone concentration 100 micrograms/m3 during 8 or more hours (WHO recommendation) was estimated. Possible causes of these episodes were determined. The mechanisms of long-range transport and its contribution to the near-surface ozone regime in the area of the station have been established. Annual trends of near-surface ozone concentration in the period 2012–2021 years are estimated as statistically insignificant.
Water Quality Assessment using Machine Learning: A Focus on Coliform Prediction in Water
Authors: Kaur Ishleen , Gulati Archa , Lamba Puneet Singh , Jain Achin , Taneja Harsh , Syal Jessica Singh
Published: October 2024

Water quality assessment is essential for safeguarding public health and protecting water resources. This study focused on predicting water quality, specifically the presence of total coliforms, using various machine-learning techniques. The present study utilises a publicly available dataset encompassing the geographical area of India consisting of various physical water quality parameters. Various regression techniques were applied to the dataset after appropriate pre-processing including feature selection and normalisation. The findings demonstrate that gradient boosting regression outperforms other methods, achieving high accuracy with mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0349, mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0038, and root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.0620. Conductivity and temperature emerged as the most influential factors in total coliform prediction, as revealed by feature importance analysis. These results contribute to water quality understanding, aiding water resource management for public health protection. By accurately predicting total coliform presence, proactive measures can be taken timely to mitigate and minimise health risks associated with microbial contamination.
Ontology and its applications in skills matching in job recruitment
Authors: Tuan Anh Chi , Dang Minh Tuan , Do Hai Nam , Solanki Vijender Kumar , Torres Jorge , Gonzalez Crespo Ruben , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh
Published: October 2024

In the recruitment process, manually selecting suitable candidates from curriculum vitae (CVs) for a job description (JD) is both time-consuming and expensive. Traditional keyword-based methods struggle to capture skill semantics, prompting the development of more advanced JD-CV matching systems. This paper aims to investigate and construct an ontology-based skills recommendation system, with objectives including creating a skills ontology and developing skills matching methods for JD-CV pairs. The objective of our approach is to enhance the accuracy and contextual relevance of recommendations by utilizing the proposed score. The proposed skills ontology and skills matching strategies are applied to a real dataset in Vietnam. The results of our study can automatically recommend a list of CVs for a given JD. Furthermore, the findings indicate that our proposed model surpasses comparative approaches by a margin of at least 1% to 5%. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of utilizing ontology-based approaches to offer a practical solution for enhancing hiring practices.
Effects of Menopause and High Fat Diet on Metabolic Outcomes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Abi-Ghanem Charly , Salinero Abigail E. , Smith Rachel M. , Kelly Richard D. , Belanger Kasey M. , Richard Riane N. , Paul Aaron S. , Herzog Ava A. , Thrasher Christina A. , Rybka Krystyna A. , Riccio David , Gannon Olivia J. , Kordit David , Kyaw Nyi-Rein , Mansour Febronia M. , Groom Emily , Brooks Heddwen L. , Robison Lisa S. , Pumiglia Kevin , Zuloaga Damian G. , Zuloaga Kristen L.
Published: October 2024

Background: About two-thirds of those with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are women, most of whom are post-menopausal. Menopause accelerates dementia risk by increasing the risk for metabolic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular diseases. Mid-life metabolic disease (obesity, diabetes/prediabetes) is a well-known risk factor for dementia. A high fat diet can lead to poor metabolic health in both humans and rodents. Objective: Our goal was to determine the effects of a high fat diet on metabolic outcomes in the AppNL-F knock-in mouse model of AD and assess the effects of menopause. Methods: First, 3-month-old AppNL-F and WT female mice were placed on either a control or a high fat diet until 10 months of age then assessed for metabolic outcomes. Next, we did a more extensive assessment in AppNL-F mice that were administered VCD (4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide) or vehicle (oil) and placed on a control or high fat diet for 7 months. VCD was used to model menopause by causing accelerated ovarian failure. Results: Compared to WT controls, AD female mice had worse glucose intolerance. Menopause led to metabolic impairment (weight gain and glucose intolerance) and further exacerbated obesity in response to a high fat diet. There were interactions between diet and menopause on some metabolic health serum biomarkers and the expression of hypothalamic markers related to energy balance. Conclusions: This work highlights the need to model endocrine aging in animal models of dementia and will contribute to further understanding the interaction between menopause and metabolic health in the context of AD.
Identifying Gaps and Barriers in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementia Research and Management in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Survey of Health Professionals and Researchers
Authors: Babulal Ganesh M. ,   for the Diversity and Disparity Professional Interest Area, Low-and-Middle-Income Working Group, Zha Wenqing , Trani Jean-Francois , Guerra Jorge Llibre , Tee Boon Lead , Zhu Yiqi , Chen Yaohua , Chen Ling , Bubu Michael , Josephy-Hernandez Sylvia , Wandera Stephen , Karanja Wambūi , Ellajosyula Ratnavalli , Caramelli Paulo
Published: October 2024

Background: The significant increase in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia prevalence is a global health crisis, acutely impacting low- and lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries (LLMICs/UMICs). Objective: The objective of this study is to identify key barriers and gaps in dementia care and research in LLMICs and UMICs. Methods: We conducted an international, cross-sectional survey among clinicians and healthcare professionals (n = 249 in 34 countries) across LLMICs and UMICs, exploring patient demographics, use of clinical diagnosis, dementia evaluation, screening/evaluation tools, and care and treatment. Results: Significant disparities were found in diagnostic practices, access to assessments, and access to care. On average, clinicians in LLMICs saw more patients, had less time for evaluations, lower use of formal screening and tools, and less access to biomarkers. They were also under-resourced compared to UMICs. Conclusions: The findings provide insights for policymakers, healthcare organizations, and researchers to address the complex challenges associated with dementia care in diverse settings. Addressing these challenges requires a multipronged approach involving local, national, and international stakeholders.
Characterization of Apathy-Like Behaviors in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Tan , Wang Xin , Jester Hannah M. , Zhou Xueyan , Ma Tao
Published: October 2024

Background: Apathy is a state of decreased interest, lack of initiative, reduced goal-directed activity and blunted emotional responses. Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is also relatively omnipresent in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Little is known about the apathy-like behaviors in rodent models of AD and DS. Objective: This study aimed to characterize apathy-like behaviors with aging in two established DS mouse models: Ts65Dn and Dp16. Methods: A battery of behavioral tests including nestlet shredding, marble burying, nest building, and burrowing were performed to examine apathy-like behaviors. Individual z-scores for each mouse for each test, and a composite z-score of apathy-like behavior were analyzed for all mice from these behavioral tests. Results: Analysis of individual test results and composite z-score revealed significant apathy-like behaviors in Ts65Dn mice compared to WT controls. In contrast, Dp16 mice did not exhibit significant apathy-like behaviors. Conclusions: Our study is the first to characterize apathy-like behaviors in mouse models of DS with aging and highlights the difference between Ts65Dn and Dp16 DS model mice regarding apathy-like manifestations with aging.
Predictive values and correlation of CRIB Score II and perfusion index in assessment of severity of illness in sick preterm neonates: An observational study
Authors: Kumar D. , Kumar D. , Irfan U. , Yadav Y.S. , Yadav R.K. , Kanti V. , Sharma P. , Shukla S.K.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Perfusion index (PI) and CRIB (Clinical risk index of babies) Score II both are minimally invasive tools for prediction of mortality and morbidity in sick neonates. This study aims to know the predictive values of both PI and CRIB Score II in assessment of severity of illness in preterm neonates of 28 to 32 weeks and their correlation. METHODS: PI and CRIB II Score of 125 sick preterm neonates admitted in NICU were assessed within 12 hours of admission. Severity noted in form of outcome. Correlation between PI and CRIB Score II were observed. RESULTS: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were plotted for PI and CIRB Score II with outcome (discharged vs expired). Area under curve for perfusion index was 0.776 at 95% confidence interval. Optimum cutoff point based on ROC curve was 1.65 with sensitivity of 84%., specificity of 37.2% with positive predictive value of 70% and negative predictive value of 57%. Area under curve for CRIB Score II was 0.622 (p value < 0.028), optimum cut off point based on ROC curve for CRIB II score was 3.5 with sensitivity 79.10% of specificity of 40% positive predictive value is 43.03% and negative predictive value of 76.9%. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between PI and CRIB II score was –0.272 and p value is 0.002. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that perfusion index (p < 0.001) is better for predicting the severity compared to CRIB II score (p < 0.028). A weak negative correlation exists between PI and CRIB II score (r = –0.272).
Novel Derivatives of BCV and (S)-HPMPA Inhibit Orthopoxviruses and Human Adenoviruses More Potently Than BCV
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Wan Yanmin , Guo Cuiyuan , Zhu Zhaoqin , Qiu Chao , Lu Jiasheng , Zhou Yanan , Zheng Jiaojiao , Dai Fahui , Cheng Xiaoyang , Deng Kunlu , Wang Wanhai , Wang Youchun , Zhang Wenhong
Published: October 2024

BCV and tecovirimat are the only two chemical drugs that have been approved to treat smallpox and can be requested for Mpox treatment through a single-patient Emergency Investigational New Drug (EIND) application. Disappointedly, the efficacy of tecovirimat manifested in a recent clinical trial is far from being satisfactory, while the clinical efficacy of BCV is still inconclusive. Given that MPXV, variola and other emerging orthopoxviruses are posing serious threats to global health, it is urgent to develop better therapeutics. In this study, we tested the antiviral effects of three novel prodrugs, which were designed based on previously reported parent drugs, either (S)-HPMPC (cidofovir) or (S)-HPMPA. We found that one of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs, ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate, exhibited significantly better anti-orthopoxvirus activity than BCV both in vitro and in vivo, which also inhibited human adenovirus type 2 and type 21 more efficiently than BCV. Most strikingly, the EC50 and EC90 of ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate against MPXV were more than 40-fold lower than those of BCV. In contrast, we observed that the anti-HSV-1 activities of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs were less effective than those of the cidofovir-based prodrugs (BCV and BCV formate), especially in vivo. Moreover, we showed for the first time that cytidine and adenine analog combined therapies could provide mice with complete protection against lethal challenges of both vaccinia and HSV-1. Collectively, we propose that both the ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate and the BCV/ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate combination are worth further investigations for their potential clinical applications.
Ancient DNA Clarifies the Identity and Geographic Origin of the Holotype of the Genus Ctenomys
Authors: Maestri Renan , Gonçalves Gislene Lopes , Nicolas-Colin Violaine , Bryjova Anna , Fornel Rodrigo , Coissac Eric , Taberlet Pierre , Pires Moreira Gilson Rudinei , De Freitas Thales Renato Ochotorena
Published: October 2024

_Ctenomys_ Blainville 1826 ranks among the top ten most diverse mammal genera in terms of species richness. However, the taxonomic history of _Ctenomys brasiliensis_ Blainville,1826, the corresponding type species, has long been obscured by a dearth of information regarding the collection data of the type material, compounded by an elusive geographic origin. Here, employing ancient DNA methodology, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of the remaining type specimen and conducted an extensive historical investigation to correlate originally described locality names with present-day locales in South America. Our analysis unequivocally confirms that the type specimen corresponds to the species currently designated as _Ctenomys minutus_ Nehring, 1887. This resolution lays to rest a century-old debate surrounding the provenance of the type specimen, rejecting prior hypotheses that placed its collection site in southeastern Brazil or Uruguay. Instead, our evidence suggests it was likely obtained from a third location in southernmost Brazil. Previous analyses overlooked this new location due to confusion surrounding geographic nomenclature and labeling errors, issues rectified by our combined mitogenomic and historical approach. Furthermore, quantitative morphological analyses boost our findings, demonstrating a closer affinity between _C. brasiliensis_ and _C. minutus_ within the same species group. Accordingly, we validate _C. brasiliensis_ and propose _C. minutus_ as its junior synonym. Our study underscores the importance of robust DNA analyses in confirming the identity and geographic origins of type specimens, especially for _Ctenomys_ species with similar phenotypes, and specimens collected centuries ago.