bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal study of mental health in adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bouter Diandra C. , Zarchev Milan , de Neve-Enthoven Nita , Ravensbergen Susan , Kamperman Astrid Mariska , Hoogendijk Witte , Grootendorst Nina
Published: May 2021

Objective Although cross-sectional studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has negativelyaffected the mental health of adolescents, the effect of the pandemic on adolescents with pre-pandemicsymptoms is unclear. We therefore tested the hypothesis that adolescents had increased emotional andbehavioral problems during the lockdowns imposed during the pandemic.Method This study included three measurements in a prospective cohort of 1022 adolescentswho were oversampled based on their high risk of developing psychopathology. Before the pandemic, weassessed depressive, anxiety, stress, oppositional defiant problems, psychotic experiences and suicidality,using the Youth Self-Report; 445 and 333 of these 1022 adolescents subsequently completed the onlinequestionnaire in the first lockdown (in April 2020) and in the second lockdown (in January 2021),respectively. Multilevel random intercept regression models were used to determine the change inpsychiatric symptoms, including an interaction term to assess whether these changes differed based onthe severity of symptoms prior to the pandemic.Results Throughout the pandemic, the majority of adolescents reported having emotional and behavioralsymptoms that were within the normal range. Moreover, the mean symptom scores for all six outcomesdecreased significantly among adolescents with high clinical severity prior to the pandemic.Conclusion In contrast to our original hypothesis, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may notnecessarily be detrimental, at least among a specific subgroup of adolescents with preexisting mentalhealth problems. Moreover, our finding that most adolescents did not report experiencing clinicallyrelevant symptoms during the pandemic reflects their resilience during the pandemic.
Opening Pandora’s Loot Box: Weak Links Between Gambling and Loot Box Expenditure in China, and Player Opinions on Probability Disclosures and Pity-Timers
Authors: Xiao Leon Y. , Fraser Tullia C. , Newall Philip Warren Stirling
Published: May 2021

Loot boxes are quasi-gambling virtual products in video games that provide randomised rewards of varying value. Previous studies in Western contexts have identified a positive correlation between loot box purchasing and problem gambling. A preregistered survey of People’s Republic of China (PRC) video game players (N = 879) failed to replicate this correlation, possibly due to a low level of gambling participation (n = 87). Statistically significant but clinically insignificant positive correlations between loot box expenditure and past-year gambling participation, and between loot box expenditure and impulsiveness, were found. The only legally permitted form of gambling in the PRC is the lottery: the unavailability of gamified and electronic legal gambling products in the PRC may have affected these relationships. Additionally, the PRC is presently the only country to legally require loot box probability disclosures as a consumer protection measure. Most loot box purchasers (84.6%) reported seeing loot box probability disclosures, but only 19.3% of this group reported consequently spending less money. Most loot box purchasers (86.9%) thought that pity-timers, which increase the winning probabilities of obtaining rarer rewards, are appropriate for implementation. Future loot box research should give greater consideration to cultural contexts, methodological choices, and novel consumer protection measures.
The Intentional Stance Test-2: how to measure the tendency to adopt intentional stance towards robots.
Authors: Spatola Nicolas , Marchesi Serena , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

In human-robot interactions, people tend to attribute them mental states such as intentionality to make sense of their behaviour:the intentional stance. These inferences deeply influence how one will consider, engage and behave towards robots. However,people highly differ in their likelihood to adopt this intentional stance. Therefore it seems crucial to assess these interindividualdifferences to better evaluate and understand human-robot interactions. In two studies we developed and validated the structureof a task aiming at evaluating to what extent people adopt the intentional stance toward robots. The method consists in a taskthat probes participants’ stance by requiring them to choose the likelihood of an explanation (mentalistic vs. mechanistic) ofbehaviour of a robot depicted in a naturalistic scenario. Results showed a reliable psychometric structure of the present task toevaluate the mentalistic bias of participants as a proxy of the intentional stance. We further discuss the importance of consideringthese interindividual differences in human-robot interactions studies and social robotics
The Fraternal Birth-Order Effect as Statistical Artefact: Convergent Evidence from Probability Calculus, Simulated Data, and Multiverse Meta- Analysis
Authors: Vilsmeier Johannes K , Kossmeier Michael , Voracek Martin , Tran Ulrich S.
Published: May 2021

The fraternal-birth order effect (FBOE) is a research claim which states that each older brother increases the odds of homosexual orientation in men via an immunoreactivity process known as the maternal immune hypothesis. Importantly, older sisters supposedly either do not affect these odds, or affect them to a lesser extent. Consequently, the fraternal birth-order effect predicts that the association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation in men is greater in magnitude than any association between the number of older sisters and homosexual orientation. This difference in magnitude represents the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE. In addition, no comparable effects should be observable among homosexual vs heterosexual women. Here, we triangulate the empirical foundations of the FBOE from three distinct, informative perspectives, complementing each other: first, drawing on basic probability calculus, we deduce mathematically that the body of statistical evidence used to make inferences about the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE rests on incorrect statistical reasoning. In particular, we show that throughout the literature researchers ascribe to the false assumptions that effects of family size should be adjusted for and that this could be achieved through the use of ratio variables. Second, using a data-simulation approach, we demonstrate that by using currently recommended statistical practices, researchers are bound to frequently draw incorrect conclusions. And third, we re-examine the empirical evidence of the fraternal birth-order effect in men and women by using a novel specification-curve and multiverse approach to meta-analysis (64 male and 17 female samples, N = 2,778,998). When analyzed correctly, the specific association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation is small, heterogenous in magnitude, and apparently not specific to men. In addition, existing research evidence seems to be exaggerated by small-study effects.
Food Wasting Behaviours Questionnaire. A Test of a New Method and a Natural Experiment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Misiak Michał , Sobol-Kwapińska Małgorzata , Sakowski Łukasz , Kowal Marta , Jurczyk Aleksandra , Wojtycka Lidia
Published: May 2021

Measuring food wasting behaviour at the consumer level is challenging. Most existing methods focus on food wasting at the household level, which in turn limits the possibility to study the situational and individual factors shaping food wasting behaviour in a single person. To fill this gap, we conducted a series of pre-registered studies in which we developed the Food Wasting Behaviours Questionnaire (FWBQ), an inexpensive method suitable for assessing and monitoring food wasting behaviour at the single-person level. We found that a wide range of behaviours associated with food wasting could be narrowed down to five distinctive basic categories: (1) discarding food because of its’ unpalatability; (2) preventing food waste through buying only the necessities; (3) preventing food waste through planning meals and groceries; (4) preventing food waste through sharing food with others; and (5) preventing food waste through feeding animals. The FWBQ allowed us to investigate the socio-economic factors that influence food wasting behaviour, such as food insecurity. Furthermore, because we started our research programme before the pandemic, we were able to conduct a natural experiment and observe that people changed their food wasting behaviour during the pandemic. Finally, we found that FWBQ allowed for predicting the amount of wasted meat, dairy and bakery products. In summary, we have demonstrated the potential utility of the FWBQ, an inexpensive and easy-to-use method for predicting the factors and antecedents of food wasting behaviour.
A behavioral science framework for understanding college campus sexual assault
Authors: Gantman Ana P. , Paluck Elizabeth Levy
Published: May 2021

We propose a behavioral science approach to sexual assault on college campuses. In this framework, people commit assault when aspects of the immediate situation trigger certain psychological states. No set of mental processes or situational configurations is a precise predictor of assault. Instead, the interaction between mental processes and situational configurations predicts when sexual assault is more or less likely to occur. We begin with an illustrative story to show how a behavioral science approach is relevant to sexual assault. Next, we map out a framework that suggests how behavioral theories of situations and mental processes have been or could be used to describe, predict, and develop ideas for the reduction of sexual assault. Relevant situational configurations include geographical configurations, local situational and informational cues, and situation-based power. Theories of mental processes include person perception, social norms, moral reasoning, and goals. Critically, our framework can be used to demonstrate how "good" people can commit assault, and how individuals can and will refrain from assault within institutions with a "bad" record. Compared with previous theories of sexual assault, a behavioral science framework offers unique understanding and generative methods for addressing sexual assault on college campuses.
Items of the unpublished Self-Report Questionnaire “Cognitions and Emotions about Child Sexual Abuse (CE-CSA)"
Authors: Gewehr Elsa , Merschhemke Marie , Volbert Renate , Santtila Pekka , Pülschen Simone
Published: May 2021

The questionnaire “Cognitions and Emotions about Child Sexual Abuse (CE-CSA)” isunder current development and has not yet been published. Here, we briefly summarize the intention and background of the questionnaire along with a preprint of the item set.
Connections during Crisis: Adolescents’ social dynamics and mental health during COVID-19
Authors: Gadassi Polack Reuma , Sened Haran , Aubé Samantha , Zhang Adam , Joormann Jutta , Kober Hedy
Published: May 2021

Adolescence is a critical period for social development, which COVID-19 has dramatically altered. Quarantined youths had limited in-person interactions with peers. The present study used an intensive longitudinal design to investigate changes in interpersonal dynamics and mental health during COVID-19. Specifically, we investigated whether the associations between different social contexts – i.e., “spillover” – changed during COVID-19, and whether changes in social interactions during COVID-19 was associated with changes in depressive symptoms. Approximately one year prior to the onset of COVID-19, 139 youths reported depressive symptoms and daily interactions with parents, siblings, and friends, every day for 21 days via online questionnaires. Shortly after schools closed due to COVID-19, 115 of these youths completed a similar 28-day diary. Analyses included 112 youths (62 girls, 73% Caucasian; Mage=11.77, range 8-15 in Wave 1) who completed at least 13 diary days in each data wave. Our results show that younger adolescents experienced significant decreases in negative and positive interactions with friends, whereas older adolescents showed significant decreases in negative interactions with friends and significant increases in positive interactions with siblings. As predicted, within-day spillover of positive interactions and person-level association of negative interactions increased within the family during COVID-19, whereas within-day spillover of positive interactions between family and friends decreased. We also found a dramatic increase in depressive symptoms. More negative interactions and fewer positive interactions with family members were associated with changes in depressive symptoms. Our study sheds light on how youths’ social development may be impacted by COVID-19.
Age-related enhancements in positive emotionality across the lifespan: structural equation modelling of brain and behaviour
Authors: Stretton Jason , Schweizer Susanne , Dalgleish Tim
Published: May 2021

Ageing is associated with a bias in attention and memories towards positive and away from negative emotional content. In addition, emotion regulation appears to improve with age, despite concomitant widespread cognitive decline coupled with gray matter volume loss in cortical and subcortical regions thought to sub-serve emotion regulation. Here, we address this emotion-aging paradox using the behavioural data of an emotion regulation task from a population derived sample (CamCAN) and utilise Structural Equation Modelling together with multivariate analysis of structural MRI images of the same sample to investigate brain-behaviour relationships. In a series of measurement models, we show the relationship between age and emotionality is best explained by a four-factor model, compared to single and hierarchical factor models. These four latent factors are interpreted as Basal Negative Affect, Positive Reactivity, Negative Reactivity and Positive Regulation (upregulating positive emotion to negative content). Increasing age uniquely contributes to increased Basal Negative Affect, Positive Reactivity and Positive Regulation, but not Negative Reactivity. Furthermore, we show gray-matter volumes, namely in the bilateral frontal operculum, medial frontal gyrus, bilateral hippocampal complex, bilateral middle temporal gyri and bilateral angular gyrus, are distinctly related to these four latent factors. Finally, we show that a subset of these brain-behaviour relationships remain significant when accounting for age and demographic data. Our results support the notion of an age-related increase in basal emotionality together with a positivity bias and are interpreted in the context of the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory of improved emotion regulation in older age.
The social class gap in bachelor’s and master’s completion: university dropout in times of educational expansion
Authors: Thomsen Jens-Peter
Published: May 2021

While many papers have focused on socially unequal admissions in higher education, this paper looks at the persistence of class differentials after enrolment. I examine the social class gap in bachelor’s programme dropout and in the transition from bachelor’s to master’s in Denmark from the formal introduction of the bachelor’s degree in 1993 up to recent cohorts. Using administrative data, I find that the class gap in bachelor’s departures has remained constant from 1993 to 2006, with disadvantaged students being around 15 percentage points more likely to leave a bachelor’s programme than advantaged students, even after adjusting for other factors such as grades from upper secondary school. Importantly, the class gap reappears at the master’s level, with privileged students being more likely to pursue a master’s degree than less privileged students. The size of the class gap is remarkable, given that this gap is found among a selected group of university enrolees. As other studies have found that educational expansion in higher education is not necessarily a remedy for narrowing the class gap in educational attainment, scholars need to pay more attention to keeping disadvantaged students from leaving higher education.
Trading practice and Behavioral Biases of Individual Investors in Nepalese Stock Market
Authors: Pandit Kul Chandra
Published: May 2021

The paper was based on survey research design. There is significant association between experience group with herding bias and optimism bias and there is no significant association between experience group with investment decision bias, disposition effect bias, and overconfidence bias. Similarly there is significant association between trading frequency with herding bias, optimism bias, investment decision bias, disposition effect bias, and overconfidence bias. Heuristics may make investors overconfident as they overlook risks causing security price to move away from fundamentals. Investors tend to be overconfident and hence overestimate the accuracy of their forecast due to illusion of knowledge and illusion of control.
Impact of teacher qualification on students’ achievement in Science
Authors: Koirala Kamal Prasad , Gurung Gem Prasad , Wagle Prakash
Published: May 2021

This paper analyzed the teachers' qualification and its impact on students’ science achievement in Gorkha district. The purpose of this study was to find out the impact of teacher qualification on student achievement in science teaching and to compare the science achievement of the students taught by trained and untrained teachers. The nature of this study is a mixed-method approach with survey design. To fulfil the objectives of the study, the researchers selected 15 public schools from Gorkha district as a sample, where 5 schools have under Bachelor’s Graduates and 5 schools have Bachelor’s or above graduates but have not teachers’ professional development (TPD) training and 5 schools have Bachelor’s or above graduates having TPD training science teachers. For this study, 15 science teachers and 672 students were selected as a sample by random sampling method. The researchers reviewed the District Level Examination (DLE) result of Gorkha district in the academic year 2016/17. The data was collected from the district education office document of Gorkha district. The primary data were collected through one-week classroom observation and students’ interviews. The study shows that higher qualification teachers, as well as trained teachers, have more techniques and skills of teaching, using methods, materials, evaluation scheme, feedback and other extra activities than the lower qualification and untrained teachers. Also, the result indicates that the science achievement of students taught by trained teachers is greater than the students taught by untrained teachers. Therefore, teacher professional development training and qualification have a positive impact on science learning.
Academic writing practices among Master’s Degree students in the Nepalese universities
Authors: Joshi Banshidhar
Published: May 2021

This study explored the academic writing practices in the Nepalese universities and difficulties teachers and students come across in the multilingual context of Nepal. As my study is guided by interpretive paradigm, it demands phenomenological qualitative research design to explore the multiple realities through interviews, documents analysis and focus group discussion. For this, I chose Far Western University, Mid-Western University and Tribhuwan University central campuses as my research site. Two students and two teachers from each of these universities as the study participants were selected with the help of purposive sampling strategy. The participants were interviewed and involved in the focus group discussions and their written documents were analyzed. Thesis writing, translation, book reviews, term paper writing and essay writing were found practised in the universities. Lack of teachers’ own academic writing practices and creation, lack of involvement in professional development activities, lack of much practice in academic paper in classes, lack of motivation and feedback to students in writing, students’ avoidance of writing and poor performance from very beginning, lack of appropriate pedagogy and indifference to academic writing practices and professional development from university administration are the causes of poor performance in academic writing practices in the universities
Interrelationship between integrated curriculum and thematic approach from ECDE to Grade Three
Authors: Lhomi Singhi
Published: May 2021

This article attempts to provide the concept of Basic Level Education from early childhood to grade three and overview integrated curriculum and thematic approaches at this level. The main purpose of the study is to clarify the concept of integrated curriculum and the theme based approach. The data was collected from semi structured interview and focus group discussion using non-probability purposive sampling. As amended Education Act, from early childhood education up to Grade three is considered Basic Level and the children play the vibrant role to shape the rest of the human life. So integrated curriculum has been proposed for Basic Level education from class one to three in Nepal. On the basis of integrated curriculum, the thematic approach can be applied to deliver this curriculum. The core subjects like Maths and languages both Nepali and English can be taught separately but rest of the subject matters have been integrated in recent curriculum under 11 themes. This paper has been described from constructivist worldview. It contributes the significance and relevancy of thematic teaching approach from ECDE to grade three at Basic Level Education to implement the integrated curriculum. An integrated curriculum is a well-organized and managed of various subjects within a single theme which enhances the students learning achievement through various activities. The curriculum which has been blended within theme-based approach would provide more exposure and learning experiences to the learners to achieve the life skills.
Change yourself to change your institution: Perspectives on educational change
Authors: Bhandari Prem Raj
Published: May 2021

The main objective of this study is to discuss the perspectives of school change. This study is a theoretical analysis and based on document review. The concept of educational change is described as school improvement. It is one of the ways to address the changing social needs through the technological, political, and cultural change of the school. School improvement or change is to change the school system as a whole for the attainment of better results, but questions arise about how to change, who is to change, and what to change and answers are varied and complicated. The concept of educational change is multidimensional. The perspective of technological change focuses on well-equipped classrooms and the use of information communication technology. The perspective political change fosters on power, authority, and interests of people. The cultural viewpoint asserts that the values, norms, and behaviour influence the organizational performance and unless changing it, the system cannot be changed. School change is necessary for the Nepalese context and in doing so, all the three perspectives technological, political, and cultural are necessary to address. The technological part of the school system is nearly very poor, the party politics in schools is influencing the authority and the school culture is not favourable to address the changing needs of the society. So, all the dimensions are needed to be taken into consideration to change the school system in Nepal.
भाषा शिक्षकको पेसागत विकास, संलग्न संस्थाहरू र तिनको भूमिका Bhasha Shikshakko Peshagat Bikas, Samlagna sansthaharu ra Tinko Bhumika
Authors: भण्डारी Bhandari पुष्पादेवी Pushpadevi
Published: May 2021

प्रस्तुत लेख भाषा शिक्षकको पेसागत विकास भन्ने शीर्षकमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । उक्त शीर्षकमा केन्द्रित भएर लेख तयार पर्ने क्रममा लेखसँग सम्बन्धित विभिन्न पुस्तकहरूको अध्ययन गरिनुका साथै वर्णनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरी गुणात्मक ढाँचामा अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । पेसाको बारेमा सामान्य जानकारी गराउँदै त्यसको उद्देश्यको बारेमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । यहाँ पेसा भन्नाले मान्छेले जीवन यापनको लागि अवलम्बन गर्ने मुख्यकाम भन्ने बुझिन्छ । मान्छेले जीवन यापन गर्न अपनाउने विविध पेसा मध्ये शिक्षण पेसा पनि एक हो । कुनै पनि विषयवस्तुको गहन अध्ययन र विश्लेषण पश्चात नै त्यस बारेमा आफ्ना धारणाहरू अभिव्यक्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी आफूले जानेका कुरा अरुलाई सिकाउनु नै शिक्षण हो । शिक्षण पेसाका लागि पेसागत दक्षता आवश्यक पर्दछ । किनकि यो पेसा अरु भन्दा अलि फरक स्वभाव र फरक प्रकृतिको हुन्छ । शिक्षण कार्य भनेको शिक्षा आदानप्रदान गर्ने प्राज्ञिक स्वरूपको पेसा भएकाले विशेष दक्षता र सिपको आवश्यकता पर्दछ । यस लेखमा भाषा शिक्षकको विकासका आधारहरू पहिल्याउनु र भाषा शिक्षकका पेसागत विकासमा देखिएका समस्या र समाधानका उपायहरूको बारेमा पनि सामान्य चर्चा गरिएको छ ।
The problem of hate crimes in the United States of America
Authors: Bachera Ewelina , Jupinko Stephan V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to draw attention to an issue that has a long history: the problem of hate crimes in the United States of America. There is no doubt that hate crimes are the type of crime that attack the very principle of individuality that is an entitlement under the equal protection of the law (in the U.S.). Bearing the foregoing in mind the above, and that the number of such crime has increased at an alarming rate, this article describes and discusses types of hate crimes such as: Racist and Religious Hate Crimes, Sexual Orientation-Based Hate Crimes and Disability Hate Crimes as an extended projection of the analysis, several solutions have been proposed to mitigate tensions and combat the prevalence and severity of hate crime in all its forms.
Kontribusi Redistribusi Tanah Terhadap Kenaikan Pendapatan Masyarakat di Jawa Tengah
Authors: Istiningdyah Restu , Sutaryono Sutaryono , Wahyuni Wahyuni
Published: May 2021

Abstract: This research aims to determine the contribution of land redistribution activities carried out by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial/National Land Agency on Key Performance Indicators (IKU) which is compiled namely the percentage increase in income of people receiving agrarian reform. Data analysis is done by using spatial pattern to give description of distribution of land redistribution and contribution of land redistribution activity to IKU which have been prepared. The difference of formula applied in calculation of IKU cause unclear amount of contribution of a strategic program especially redistribution of land to IKU. Re-formulation of IKU is the percentage of increase in income of recipients of agrarian reform needs to be done so that the contribution of a strategic activity undertaken can be measured clearly. Keywords : contribution, land redistribution, Key Performance Indicators Intisari:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi kegiatan redistribusi tanah yang dilaksanakan oleh Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional terhadap Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) yang disusun yaitu persentase kenaikan pendapatan masyarakat penerima reforma agraria. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pola keruangan untuk memberikan gambaran sebaran pelaksanaan redistribusi tanah dan kontribusi kegiatan redistribusi tanah terhadap IKU yang telah disusun. Adanya perbedaan rumus yang diterapkan dalam perhitungan IKU menyebabkan ketidakjelasan besaran kontribusi suatu program strategis khususnya redistribusi tanah terhadap IKU. Perumusan ulang IKU yaitu persentase kenaikan pendapatan masyarakat penerima reforma agraria perlu dilakukan sehingga kontribusi suatu kegiatan strategis yang dilaksanakan dapat diukur dengan jelas.  Kata Kunci : Kontribusi, redistribusi tanah, Indikator Kinerja Utama
Communication policies for innovation financed with public funds in Spain: the experts’ view
Authors: Vilaplana-Aparicio María J. , Martín-Llaguno Marta , Iglesias-García Mar
Published: May 2021

Companies that receive public funds for research and development and technological innovation (R&D&I) projects must comply with certain communication obligations in accordance with relevant Spanish and European laws. The aim of this work is to assess these requirements (including their advantages and limitations) based on the opinion of experts in the field. Interviews were conducted with R&D&I managers in national and regional agencies; innovation, transparency, and scientific dissemination specialists; and company directors. The results confirm the value of communicating innovation, in accordance with the current trends of innovation dissemination and the principles of transparency. Experts consider that the required communication requirements are insufficient and that their means and formats must be adapted to enhance the dissemination of innovation and improve transparency by promoting accessible content in a unified repository. They propose the measurement and assessment of the social impact of subsidized projects, as well as the possibility of subsidizing communication actions, as in European projects. Moreover, there is an urgent need to standardize the communication obligations of all proposals.
Exploring the Interconnection between Native American Land/Environment and Women
Authors: Ahmad Mumtaz , Javed Amara , Aqeel Asim
Published: May 2021

This article explores the relationship between Native American lands/environment and the women from ecocritical /ecofeminist perspectives. It has been postulated that while the Euro- American accounts of the history, culture, indigenous women and their relation with nature/land project stereotypical, negative images, Louise Erdrich, through the employment of hybrid narrative techniques combining Eurocentric and Native American modes of narration, has reconfigured the Native American women's environmental identity/subjectivity. This study conducts discourse analysis of the two richly thematic environmental narratives of Louise Erdrich to establish the interconnectivity between women and lands within the realm of ecofeminism. The primary texts explored include Tracks and Love Medicine. The study's contribution is it's highlighting the significance of the Native American Ecofeminist narratives that consider environmental issues to be human issues and thus positively affect the human attitude towards nature.
Socio-Cultural Causes of Kala Kali (Honour Killing): A Case of Tehsil Jam Pur
Authors: Afzal Saima , Raza Hammad , Manzoor Adeela
Published: May 2021

Pakistani rural people have to face many problems under the umbrella of tribal laws and customs. These cultural norms and tribal laws compel the people to kill their wives, sisters, mothers and daughters in the name of so-called "honour". The major objectives of the study were to explore the socio-cultural causes of kali kali (honor killing) and to see the impacts of kala kali on victim's family. The cases of fourteen victims were studied where the members of victim's family were informants as victims themselves were not available. The result of the present study shows that the lust for money, feudalism, illiteracy and lack of awareness about human rights are the causes of kala kali. It can be reduced by increasing awareness and education. Government should launch some policies like a comprehensive legal awareness program to make people aware of their legal rights.
Exploring the consumer-based
brand equity relations on Croatian youth fashion market
Authors: Širola Davor
Published: May 2021

Brand equity is considered a precious marketing concept for practitioners and scholars. This study is focused on the perceptual consumer-based brand equity approach and widely adopted Aaker’s (1991) conceptualization with four primary dimensions: brand awareness, brand associations, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. These components represent the salient dimensions of a multidimensional brand equity index. The research followed the original 14-item Yoo and Donthu (2001) consumer-based brand equity measurement scale. The research hypotheses were successfully corroborated within the Croatian fashion youth market on a sample of college students (167). The results pointed out the associative relationships among all brand equity components, with the exemption of causal relation between brand associations and brand loyalty. The same exemption (brand associations) emanated from the investigation of causal relationships between brand awareness, brand associations, perceived quality, brand loyalty and the overall brand equity index. This study contributes to the previously assumed hierarchy
order between consumer-based brand equity components and points out the
marketing activities which precedes particular component enhancement.
Taxonomy of academic plagiarism methods
Authors: Vrbanec Tedo , Meštrović Ana
Published: May 2021

The article gives an overview of the plagiarism domain, with focus on academic plagiarism. The article defines plagiarism, explains the origin of the term, as well as plagiarism related terms. It
identifies the extent of the plagiarism domain and then focuses on the plagiarism subdomain of text documents, for which it gives an overview of current classifications and taxonomies and then proposes a more comprehensive classification according to several criteria: their origin
and purpose, technical implementation, consequence, complexity of detection and according to the number of linguistic sources. The article
suggests the new classification of academic plagiarism, describes sorts
and methods of plagiarism, types and categories, approaches and phases of plagiarism detection, the classification of methods and algorithms for plagiarism detection. The title of the article explicitly targets the academic community, but it is sufficiently general and interdisciplinary, so it can be useful for many other professionals like
software developers, linguists and librarians.
Empirijsko istraživanje stavova korisnika o suprijevozu u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Naletina Dora , Kovač Ivan , Palić Dora
Published: May 2021

U brojnim svjetskim gradovima broj stanovnika kontinuirano raste, a za iste to predstavlja velik problem obzirom da im infrastruktura nije bila dizajnirana da omogući kretanje tako velikog broja ljudi.

Uslijed navedenog dolazi do zagušenja u prometu u urbanim područjima, zagađenja okoliša, rasta potrošnje neobnovljivih izvora energije, ali i
porasta buke koju stvaraju vozila. Posljednjih godina se, kao moguće rješenje na sve veću potražnju za mobilnošću stanovništva, upravo javlja
suprijevoz odnosno sustav dijeljenja automobila koji se temelji na načelu održivog razvoja. U proteklim desetljećima cestovna mreža se u većini država širila kao odgovor na sve veći broj automobila koje stanovnici posjeduju. Zbog porasta broja automobila uz gotove jednake parkirališne kapacitete kao u desetljećima ranije, većina osoba se sve češće susreće s problemom pronalaska parkirnih mjesta u urbanim središta. Navedeno, ali i troškovi koje uz sebe veže posjedovanje osobnog automobila, utjecali su na značajan porast popularnost suprijevoza u svijetu. Svrha ovog rada je istražiti stavove korisnika o suprijevozu u Republici Hrvatskoj. Carsharing organizacije omogućuju korisnicima kratkoročnu uporabu vozila iz voznog parka, ali i utječu na
smanjenje potrebe za posjedovanjem privatnog vozila. Rezultati provedenog primarnog istraživanja pokazali su kako iako je prisutan na hrvatskom tržištu, suprijevoz koristi manji broj ispitanika. Ispitanici
koji se koriste uslugama suprijevoza kao razloge navode manje troškove,
izbjegavanje problema s traženjem parkinga te davanje doprinosa zaštiti okoliša. Pozitivno je što najveći

dio ispitanika koji još nisu koristili usluge suprijevoza navodi kako će koristi usluge istog u budućnosti.
Ứng dụng công nghệ định vị GPS trên smart phone để quản lý an toàn lao động trong quản lý xây dựng
Authors: Sơn Phạm Vũ Hồng , Khởi Nguyễn Văn Tiến
Published: May 2021

Ngày nay với sự phát triển bùng nổ trong lĩnh vực công nghệ thông tin, đặc biệt là ứng dụng công nghệ 4.0 vào thực tiễn cuộc sống đang là xu thế của thế giới. Nhằm mục đích giảm thiểu nguy cơ tai nạn lao động xảy ra cho công nhân trên công trường xây dựng, nghiên cứu này nhằm thiết lập một chương trình quản lý an toàn lao động có thể tự động cập nhật vị trí và hành vi của người lao động thông qua hệ thống định vị GPS và chip. Chương trình quản lý an toàn lao động là sự tích hợp các chức năng định vị GPS trên điện thoại thông minh, chip cảm biến được gắn trên trang bị an toàn lao động và một số thiết bị thu thập dữ liệu khác. Với hệ thống này, các nguy cơ mất an toàn lao động do không tuân thủ trang bị an toàn lao động hay do vị trí công nhân đi vào khu vực nguy hiểm sẽ được cảnh báo ngay lập tức đến các bộ phận liên quan. Nghiên cứu này trình bày một ứng dụng hỗ trợ nhà quản lý xây dựng nhằm ngăn chặn và giảm thiểu được tối đa những nguy cơ mất an toàn lao động trên công trường.

Từ khóa:

an toàn lao động; GPS; rủi ro an toàn lao động; người quản lý công nhân; trang bị an toàn lao động.
The Effectiveness of Booklets and Animation Videos on Increasing the Danger of Post Partum Signs Knowledge on the Husband
Authors: Karyaningtyas Wahyu , Martanti Listyaning Eko , Widyastuti Erna
Published: May 2021

The success of health education in the society, depends on the learning component. Attractive media will provide confidence, so the cognitive changes of affection and psychomotor can be accelerated (Siti Zulaekah, 2013). Print media that can be used in the EIC program for the postpartum mother family is a pocket book or booklet (Notoatmodjo, 2012). Audiovisual is one of the media that provide information or messages in audio and visual (Setiawati and Dermawan, 2008). The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of the booklet and video animation towards the increasing of puerperal sign knowledge on the husband. This research was conducted in Gayamsari Polyclinic. The type of this research is experimental research, research method in the form of quasi experiment using control group design pretest posttest design. The research population is the husband of postpartum mother period March-April 2018 and the sample was 30 respondents. The Sampling technique by using the purposive sampling, the group determination by using simple random technique (drawing technique). The result of this research using Mann Whitney with Sig 0,268 0,05, mean of control group with booklet was 17,27 higher than intervention group with videos animation, so booklet more effective to increase knowledge husband than used videos animation. The explanation of health education can use a variety of media such as animated videos. Health workers may also actively involve the role of the husbands of the puerperal mother in performing care for the puerperal mother.
Effectiveness of Beta Vulgaris L (BIT) Juice To Increase Haemoglobin Levels In Pregnant Women Anemia at Primary Health Care Kotaraja
Authors: Zahyrah Sitti , Dondi Siana , Wijayanti Ika
Published: May 2021

Anemia is the world's second leading cause of disability and because of that, it becomes one of the most serious global public health problems. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia are at risk of having miscarriage, babies born prematurely, low birth weight babies, and bleeding before and after delivery. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of giving beta vulgaris L (beet) fruit juice in increasing hemoglobin levels for anemic pregnant women. This research is a Quasi Experiment, using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were 30 pregnant women who came for ANC examinations in October-December 2019. The sampling technique used was the total sampling technique. The data used for this research was the secondary data collected from the profile of the Jayapura City Health Office. Meanwhile, the primary data were collected using observation sheets and a digital haemometer. The analysis technique used was the Dependent T test (Paired Sample Test). This study showed the frequency distribution data before intervention, the level of mild anemia was 46.7% and moderate anemia was 53.3%. Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-Test, the value of p = 0.000 (p 0.05) was obtained.  Beta vulgaris L (beet) fruit juice is effective for increasing Hb levels of pregnant women with anemia. Keyword : Anemia, Beta Vulgaris L (Beet) juice, pregnant women, haemoglobin
Kosmopolitisch oder kolonial?
Authors: Conway Janet
Published: May 2021

Obwohl die beeindruckende Vielfalt des Weltsozialforums (WSF) regelmäßig hervorgehoben wird, gibt es bisher wenig analytische Arbeit darüber, inwieweit die Praxis des WSF die Kommunikationsfähigkeit über bisher unüberwundene Differenzen ermöglicht und wie Machtverhältnisse, insbesondere die Kolonialität der Macht, diese Interaktionen prägen. Basierend auf umfangreicher teilnehmender Beobachtung beim WSF analysiert dieser Artikel den „offenen Raum“ des WSF als „Kontaktzone“, die in verschiedenen Facetten dieser komplexen Praxis sowohl kosmopolitisch als auch kolonial ist. Ausgehend von den Werken Boaventura de Sousa Santos‘ und Mary Louise Pratts untersucht die Autorin unterschiedliche Konzepte der Kontaktzone und setzt diese in einen Dialog mit den aus den lateinamerikanischen Studien kommenden Ansätzen der Kolonialität und des kolonialen Unterschieds.
Profile of anterior gradient 3 (AGR3) mRNA expression and serum levels in benign and malignant breast tumors
Authors: Prihantono Prihantono , Rahardjo Warsinggih , Syamsu Salman Ardi , Smaradhania Nilam
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Benign and malignant breast tumors are the most commonly diagnosed tumor in females. Early and accurate diagnosis of malignancy is essential for effective breast cancer treatment. Human anterior gradient 3 (AGR3) has been suggested as a potential biomarker for the early detection and prognostic determination of breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study profiles AGR3 mRNA expression and serum protein levels in patients with benign and malignant breast tumors. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on 40 benign and 40 malignant breast tumor patients in Makassar, Indonesia. AGR3 mRNA and protein were detected using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: This study found significantly higher AGR3 mRNA expression in benign than malignant breast tumors using qRT-PCR (p < 0.001). In contrast, ELISA revealed no significant difference between AGR3 serum protein levels in benign and malignant breast tumors (p = 0.507). CONCLUSIONS: AGR3 is associated with non-aggressive tumors and could be used as a marker for less aggressive breast tumors.
Overexpression of NF-kB as a predictor of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer
Authors: Sampepajung Elridho , Hamdani William , Sampepajung Daniel , Prihantono Prihantono
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Cancer cells can defend themselves against apoptosis by activating NF-κB. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity has also been associated with chemotherapy resistance. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relationship between NF-κB expression and intrinsic subtypes and anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. METHODS: This prospective cohort study examined NF-κB expression and intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer tissue using immunohistochemistry (IHC). We conducted descriptive statistical analyses as well as survival analyses. RESULTS:  The study sample was 63 patients, of which 21 cases (33.33%) were responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 42 cases (66.7%) were non-responsive. There is a significant relationship between negative ER, negative PR, grading, and high Ki67 expression with NF-κB overexpression (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was found between intrinsic subtypes and HER2 with NF-κB expression (p > 0.05). A significant relationship was found between NF-κB expression and responsive chemotherapy results (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In locally advanced breast cancer, there is a correlation between NF-B expression and response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who express NF-KB have a better response to chemotherapy than those who overexpress NF-kB.
Status of breast care during pregnancy with milk production and disease
Authors: Nur Rosmala , Nurul Fajriah Rasyka , Larasati Rahma Dwi , Dirpan Andi , Rusydi Muhammad
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Breast care is an important routine during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Its absence leads to inadequate milk production before and after childbirth. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the status of breast care during pregnancy, which is related to milk production and disease after childbirth in the Tinggede Health Center, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. METHODS: The method used was an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach and the samples were 82 breastfeeding mothers in the working area of the Tinggede Health Center. The sampling used a total population, and data were obtained by interview and observation. Furthermore, the analysis technique used Chi-Square. RESULTS: The results showed there was a relationship between breast care during pregnancy with milk production (p = 0.001), and breast care status with a disease (p = 0.012). The common diseases suffered by breastfeeding mothers due to inadequate care are non-protruding nipples, infections, blocked milk ducts, mastitis, and lumps. CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding mothers’ failure to care for their breasts during pregnancy can lead to lack of milk production and diseases such as non-protruding nipples, infections, blocked milk ducts, mastitis, and lumps.
The relationship of family support with decision-making duration in cancer patient to perform a mastectomy
Authors: Tunjungsari Feny , Setiawan Ayu Ratuati , Sander Mochamad Aleq , Usman Andi Nilawati
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body cells that turn malignant and continue to grow uncontrollably. One of the treatments for breast cancer is mastectomy. The quickness of decision-making determines the survival rate of prognosis patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship of family support with decision-making duration in cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. METHODS: An analytic observation method with cross-sectional design. The samples were taken by purposive sampling method with 50 samples of breast cancer patients. Data collected include age, last level of education, marital status, profession, stage of cancer during mastectomy, family support score, and decision-making duration to perform a mastectomy. The data analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis bivariate test. RESULTS: The bivariate test showed the relationship of family support (p = 0.002) with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between family support with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy.