bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating WGCNA and PPI network to screen heat stress-responsive hub genes of Pinellia ternata
Authors: Wang Jialu , Chen Jialei , Yang Zemin , Liu Li , Zhang Xiangyu , Feng Xue , Li Xiwen
Published: February 2024

Background
Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. is a heat-sensitive herb. Heat damage can lead to leaf senescence and even death, but the impact on underground parts is not significant when the ambient temperature exceeds 30℃. P. ternata has a diversity of leaf types, however, the response strategies of different leaf types to high temperatures have not been thoroughly analyzed. This study aims to explore hub genes response to heat stress shared in two main leaf types of P. ternata based on integrated network analysis for improving planting measures.
Results
The ultrastructure, physiological indices, and photosynthetic fluorescence parameters were investigated, which indicated that the leaves of P. ternata were able to prevent the damage of photosynthetic structures, averted the accumulation of ROS, and sustained photosynthetic physiological responses under moderate heat stress. Serious heat stress activated the antioxidant enzyme activity systems to provide protective effects. However, the structure and function of chloroplasts in P. ternata leaves were adversely affected. By analyzing the transcriptome data, we obtained a total of 20,875 DEGs. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to explore the main modules related to heat stress, and 6,183 DEGs were obtained in five candidate modules. Among them, 1,000 DEGs could be annotated by the Uniprot and STRING databases, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on these DEGs. In this network, we identified 54 hub genes, and these genes were mainly related to thermal stimulation (HSPs, HSFs, and molecular chaperones) and photosynthesis (Photosystem I chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, Chlorophyll a-b binding protein et al.).
Conclusion
The response mechanisms to high-temperature treatment of two leaf types of P. ternata were analyzed at physiological, subcellular, and molecular levels. The results indicate that these two germplasms shared a common strategy in response to heat stress, and hub genes obtained provide valuable genetic resources for molecular resistance breeding in P. ternata.
Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter, prospective, real-world study
Authors: Li Tingting , Dai Yaqing , Fu Xiaobin , Cai Qunrong , Ke Dongmei , Yao Qiwei , Li Jiancheng
Published: February 2024

Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of camrelizumab and identify clinicolaboratory factors that predict treatment outcomes in patients with unresectable advanced, recurrent, or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving camrelizumab.Methods Herein, 174 patients with unresectable advanced, recurrent, or metastatic ESCC treated with camrelizumab monotherapy (n = 30), camrelizumab + chemotherapy (CT; n = 91), and camrelizumab + radiotherapy (RT; n = 53) between October 1, 2019 and October 1, 2022 were included.Results The median follow-up time was 20 months (range, 1–34 months). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the whole cohort were 8 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.5–9.5 months] and 14 months (95% CI, 11.2–16.8 months), respectively. After multivariate analysis, receiving > 4 cycles of camrelizumab and having a good lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) were identified as independent predictors of better PFS and OS. The disease control rate of patients in the camrelizumab monotherapy group, camrelizumab + CT group, and camrelizumab + RT group was 92.3%, 90.6%, and 96.1%, respectively. The treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of grade 3 or higher were reported in 67 patients (38.5%). The most common treatment-related AEs were decreased neutrophil count (23.0%), decreased white blood cell count (19.5%), anemia (7.5%), and pneumonitis (4.6%). One patient (0.6%) died from a treatment-related AE of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis.Conclusion Camrelizumab was safe and effective as both monotherapy and part of a combination therapy. Longer PFS and OS were associated with receiving > 4 cycles of camrelizumab and having a good LIPI. LIPI can be used as a prognostic biomarker for ESCC patients receiving camrelizumab + RT.Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: CHICTR2000039499. Regirstered: 19th October 2020.
YME1L affects the biological function of non-small cell lung cancer by promoting Gαi1 expression and Akt activation
Authors: Wu MinDan , Gao Feng , Xu MeiJie , Zhang JieRu , Ni Chen , Qian WenXia , Chen LiXiu
Published: February 2024

Background: As a key regulatory enzyme in mitochondria, YME1L is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial morphology, function and plasticity, and plays a
catalytic role in PDAC. The research team has found that the overexpression of YME1L can promote the expression of Gαi1 and the activation of Akt, and promote the progression of glioma. Taking NSCLC as the research material, this project aims to reveal the effect of YME1L regulating mitochondrial remodeling on the progress of NSCLC and its molecular mechanism, and provide new ideas for the treatment of NSCLC patients.
Results: YME1L is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues Overexpression of yme1l can promote Gαi1 expression and Akt activation, which in turn regulate cell proliferation, growth, migration and survival, and promote the progression of NSCLC.
Conclusions: In this study, we found that YME1L have a novel oncogenic role in promoting NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression via the Gαi1-AS-pAKT axis. The implementation of this project may provide a new entry point for the treatment of lung cancer.
A mathematical modelization of the energy content of an Apis mellifera beehive
Authors: Kohli Mathieu , Anstett Marie-Charlotte
Published: February 2024

We investigate different aspects of the resources that supply energy to a beehive. Quantitatively, a resource can provide a certain amount of nectar per time unit. Qualitatively, the assessment of this resource depends on more subtle parameters such as the flower species that produces the nectar, the density of the resource, as well as the availability of the resource which is a function of its distance from the hive and of other factors such as the wind. These environmental parameters influence the potential of the hive to store enough honey in order for it to stay alive during the cold winter months. To understand how costly it is for a colony to survive through winter, we study how much honey the bees in a hive expend during the cold season, and the influence of factors such as the size of the colony on the depletion of honey.
A Clinical Trial Evaluating Feasibility and Acceptability of a Brain-computer Interface for Telerehabilitation in Stroke Patients
Authors: Mansour Salem , Giles Joshua , Nair Krishnan P.S. , Marshal Rebecca , Ali Ali , Arvaneh Mahnaz
Published: February 2024

Background: We have created a groundbreaking telerehabilitation system known as Tele BCI-FES. This innovative system merges brain-computer interface (BCI) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) technologies to rehabilitate upper limb function following a stroke. Our system pioneers the concept of allowing patients to undergo BCI therapy from the comfort of their homes, while ensuring supervised therapy and real-time adjustment capabilities. In this paper,we introduce our single-arm clinical trial, which evaluates the feasibility and acceptance of this proposed system as a telerehabilitation solution for upper extremity recovery in stroke survivors.
Method: The study involved eight chronic stroke patients and their caregivers who were recruited to attend nine home-based Tele BCI-FES sessions (three sessions per week) while receiving remote support from the research team.The primary outcomes of this study were recruitment and retention rates, as well as participants perception on the adoption of technology. The secondary outcomes involved assessing improvements in upper extremity function using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA_UE) and the Leeds Arm Spasticity Impact Scale (LASIS).
Results: Seven chronic stroke patients completed the home-based Tele BCI-FES sessions, with high retention (87.5%) and recruitment rates (86.7%). Although participants provided mixed feedback on setup ease, they found the system progressively easier to use, and the setup process became more efficient with continued sessions. Participants suggested modifications to enhance user experience. Following the intervention, a significant increase in FMA_UE scores was observed, with an average improvement of 3.83 points (p = 0.032).
Conclusion: This study serves as a proof of concept, showcasing the feasibility and acceptability of the proposed Tele BCI-FES system for rehabilitating the upper extremities of stroke survivors. Despite the limited number of rehabilitation sessions, the substantial enhancement seen in the FMA_UE score indicates the system’s potential efficacy in upper limbrehabilitation. To further validate the efficacy of the proposed Tele BCI-FES, it is essential to conduct further research involving more extensive sample sizes and additional rehabilitation sessions.
Trial registration: This clinical study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05215522 under the studyidentifier (NCT05215522) and registered with the ISRCTN registryhttps://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN42991002 (ISRCTN42991002
mm-Wave based Gesture Recognition through FMCW Radar using Deep Learning
Authors: Abbas Waseem , Hussain Waqar
Published: February 2024

This research work employed machine learning models for hand gesture recognition using mmwave radar signals to classify different ergonomic and intuitive hand gestures. The proposed system uses IWR6843 AOP EVM frequency modulated continuous wave radar that helps in collecting the hand gestures data for the scalability purpose. The dataset consists of 2718 samples having six classes named as button press, circle, hand down, hand up, swipe left, and swipe right. These samples are collected from four individuals to train the deep neural network, recurrent neural networks, and transformer network. This study investigates the impact of various deep learning approaches on captured mmwave radar based data for gesture recognition. Moreover, a comparison is performed between the proposed methodology and state of the art study. The proposed methodology achieves a promising accuracy of 99.4% which shows that adopted model is robust, scalable and outperforms all other adopted models.
Vascular loops mimicking herniated lumbar discs: fair warning
Authors: Galarza Marcelo , Gazzeri Roberto , Basilotta Yamila , Rosa Pedro , Gallardo Federico
Published: February 2024

Objective: The authors report their experience with twenty-one consecutive patients who presented with symptoms and imaging characteristics of a herniated lumbar disc; of whom, at the time of surgery had a vascular loop instead.
Methods The procedure was performed on 14 women and seven men with a mean age of 39 years. Clinical complaints included lumbar aching with one limb overt radiculopathy in all patients; with additional sphincter dysfunction in two cases. Symptoms had developed within a mean time period of three months. In all patients, the disc was exposed through an L5-S1 (n=10); L4-L5 (n=5) and L3-L4 (n=6) open minimal laminotomy. In 16 patients, rather than a herniated disc they had a lumbar epidural varix, while anarterio-venous fistula was found in the remaining five cases. In all cases, the vascular disorder was resected and its subjacent disc was left intact. One patient had a postoperative blood transfusion. While the radiculopathy dysfunction improved in all patients, four patients reported lasting lumbar pain following surgery. The postoperative imaging confirmed the resolution of the vascular anomaly and an intact disc. The mean length of the follow-up period was 47 months.
Conclusions Either epidural varix or arterio-venous fistula in the lumbar area may mimic a herniated disc on imaging studies. With the usual approach they can be operated safely. Resection of the anomaly can be sufficient for alleviating radiculopathy symptoms.
Impaired Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation and Cerebral Lymphatic Drainage in a Rat Model of Chronic Hydrocephalus
Authors: Back Dong Bin , Choi Bo-Ryoung , Kwon Kyoung Ja , Choi Dong-Hee , Shin Chan Young , Lee Jongmin , Kim Hahn Young
Published: February 2024

Background
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) not only protects the brain but also maintains homeostasis by removing metabolic waste produced by brain activity. This study hypothesizes that chronic CSF circulatory dysfunction, such as chronic hydrocephalus or normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), may be a critical condition in neurodegenerative diseases associated with metabolic waste accumulation.
Methods
To investigate the CSF circulation and cerebral lymphatic drainage in a rat model of chronic hydrocephalus induced by kaolin injection, we performed time-dependent evaluations of intraparenchymal injection of tracers as well as intraventricular injection of Evans blue. The study systemically evaluated the dysfunction of CSF circulation and lymphatic drainage in the brain from various perspectives, including the glymphatic system, transependymal CSF flow, subarachnoid CSF flow, meningeal lymphatic drainage, and peripheral lymphatic drainage to deep cervical lymph nodes.
Results
The results indicated delayed CSF circulation, including glymphatic system, and cerebral lymphatic drainage in the kaolin-induced chronic hydrocephalus model. Based on these findings, our research indicated that dysfunction of CSF circulation, as observed in conditions such as chronic hydrocephalus or NPH, may act as an initiating or exacerbating factor in neurodegenerative diseases.
Conclusions
This can lead to the accumulation of metabolic waste, as seen in Alzheimer's disease. Our research can help identify risk factors and provide insight into the underlying pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, which may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
How do Software Engineering Researchers Use GitHub? An Empirical Study of Artifacts & Impact
Authors: Alrashedy Kamel , Binjahlan Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Millions of developers share their code on open-source platforms like GitHub, which offer social coding opportunities such as distributed collab- oration and popularity-based ranking. Software engineering researchers have joined in as well, hosting their research artifacts (tools, replication package & datasets) in repositories, an action often marked as part of the publication’s contribution. Yet a decade after the first such paper-with-GitHub-link, little is known about the fate of such repositories in practice. Do research reposito- ries ever gain the interest of the developer community, or other researchers? If so, how often and why (not)? Does effort invested on GitHub pay off with research impact? In short: we ask whether and how authors engage in social coding related to their research. We conduct a broad empirical investigation of repositories from published work, starting with ten thousand papers in top SE research venues, hand-annotating their 3449 GitHub (and Zenodo) links, and studying 309 paper-related repositories in detail. We find a wide distri- bution in popularity and impact, some strongly correlated with publication venue. These were often heavily informed by the authors’ investment in terms of timely responsiveness and upkeep, which was often remarkably subpar by GitHub’s standards, if not absent altogether. Yet we also offer hope: popular repositories often go hand-in-hand with well-cited papers and achieve broad impact. Our findings suggest the need to rethink the research incentives and reward structure around research products requiring such sustained contributions.
Dynamic photomask directed lithography based on electrically stimulated nematic liquid crystal architectures
Authors: Shui Lingling , Liu Mengjun , Yang Ruizhi , Guo Zhenghao , Chen Kexu , Feng Haoqiang , Lu Han , Huang Shijian , Zhang Minmin , Ye Huapeng
Published: February 2024

Lithography technology is a powerful tool for preparing complex microstructures through projecting the patterns of static templates with permanent features onto samples. To simplify fabrication and alignment processes, dynamic photomask for multiple configurations preparation becomes increasingly noteworthy. Hereby, we report a dynamic photomask by assembling the electrically stimulated nematic liquid crystal (NLC) into multifarious architectures. We demonstrate that these architectures give rise to reconfigurable and switchable diffraction patterns via electrically modulating the hybrid phase arising from the NLC molecules. These electrically configurable diffraction patterns are adopted as metamask to produce multiple microstructures with height gradients in one-step exposure and hierarchical microstructures through multiple in-situ exposures using standard photolithography. The fabricated pattern has feature size about 3.2 times smaller than the electrode pattern and can be transferred onto silicon wafer via etching. This strategy can be extended to design diverse microstructures with great flexibility and controllability, offers a promising avenue for fabricating metamaterials via complex structures with simplified lithography processes.
A new clinical model for predicting lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Kai , He Hui , Lin Yanyun , Zhang Yanhong , Chen Junguo , Hu Jiancong , He Xiaosheng
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a crucial factor that determines the prognosis of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We aimed to develop a practical prediction model for LNM in T1 CRC.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 825 patients with T1 CRC who underwent radical resection at a single center in China. All enrolled patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3 using R software. Risk factors for LNM were identified through multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subsequently, a prediction model was developed using the selected variables.
Results: The lymph node metastasis (LNM) rate was 10.1% in the training cohort and 9.3% in the validation cohort. In the training set, risk factors for LNM in T1CRC were identified, including depressed endoscopic gross appearance, sex, submucosal invasion combined with tumor grade (DSI-TG), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and tumor budding. LVI emerged as the most potent predictor for LNM. The prediction model based on these factors exhibited good discrimination ability in the validation sets (AUC: 79.3%). Compared to current guidelines, the model could potentially reduce over-surgery by 48.9%. Interestingly, we observed that sex had a differential impact on LNM between early-onset and late-onset CRC patients.
Conclusions: We developed a clinical prediction model for LNM in T1 CRC using five factors that are easily accessible in clinical practice. The model has better predictive performance and practicality than the current guidelines and can assist clinicians in making treatment decisions for T1 CRC patients.
Low Leakage Variation SRAM Cell with Improved Stability for IOT Applications
Authors: Rawat Ram Murti , Kumar Vinod
Published: February 2024

Static random access memory (SRAM) is the typical memory for very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. A major reason for this is the high speed operation for SRAM in comparison to its previous counterparts, a major trade off for the circuit is its high power consumption. With the growing importance of memory architectures, it is crucial to lower the power consumption of SRAM cells. This major goal of this paper is to provide innovative and effective strategies for creating low power SRAM cells. This study provides several circuit topologies and methodologies to compute stability, leakage current, delay, and power, as well as novel techniques for designing SRAM cells based on eight transistors (8T). SRAM is frequently chosen over dynamic random access memory (DRAM) due to faster speed and lower power consumption. It is named static since no modification or action, i.e. refreshing, is required to maintain the data intact. The leakage current in SRAM, however, frequently rises and impairs its performance when technology nodes are scaled down. Voltage scaling, which also impacts the stability and latency of SRAM, is chosen as a solution to this problem. In this study, a separate (isolated) read port is employed to increase read stability while a negative bit-line (NBL) write aid circuit is used to improve write capability. In terms of write static noise margin (WSNM), write latency, read static noise margin (RSNM), and other metrics, the suggested design has been compared to state-of-the-art work. The paper is organized into the following sections: 1. Introduction, Section 2 describes related work. The suggested work is explained in section 3, while the results and discussion are included in section 4. The results for all the sections are concluded in section 5 conclusions.
Species Composition, Relative Abundance and Distribution of Sea Cucumber in the Intertidal Zone of Cab-ilan Island, Dinagat, Dinagat Islands, Philippines
Authors: Caneos Warren G. , Escobedo Salem Kit T. , Gimena Reynald V. , Clavano Chelmarie Joy S.
Published: February 2024

The species composition, abundance and distribution of sea cucumbers in the intertidal zone of Cab-ilan Island, Dinagat, Dinagat Islands, Philippines were assessed using a transect quadrat method, with a size of 1x1 meter, on a transect line with a length of 80 meters. Sampling was done at the two identified stations in three replicates. A total of 10 species were found namely Holothuria scabra, H. leucospilota, H. fuscopunctata, H. hilla, H. fuscocinerea, H. pervicax, Actinopyga echinites, A. mauritiana, A. miliaris and Bohadschia marmorata. The most abundant species found were the Holothuria scabra, H. hilla and Actinopyga echinites. A. echinites was the only common species found in both stations. Results revealed that there was no significant difference in salinity between stations (P>0.05). However, species diversity, temperature and pH differ significantly in Cab-ilan Islands (P<0.05). The Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (nMDS) based on square-root transformed abundance data showed that a clear segregation of samples between two stations. Cluster analysis also revealed that there is no close relationship of the samples between Station 1 and Station 2. SIMPER analysis also showed that there was a high dissimilarity percentage in both stations. Some species of sea cucumbers and their distribution were influenced by physico-chemical parameters such as pH and temperature.
Muscle Fatigue Analysis and Stress Detection from Surface EMG and ECG Data Obtained Using Deep Learning for Upper-Limb Trauma Rehabilitation
Authors: Kebede Emnet
Published: February 2024

Background
The repetitive nature of physical rehabilitation may result in excess muscular fatigue, which can adversely impact an individual's motor function, leading to discomfort or even physical injury. Moreover, individuals who have experienced trauma tend to encounter difficulties concentrating, which can significantly impede their physical capabilities. Regrettably, existing therapeutic approaches do not appear to consider the potential mental exhaustion of patients. This study aimed to create a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model for assessing muscle fatigue stage and mental stress conditions during physical rehabilitation of trauma-injured patients.
Methods
Data corresponding to 188 EMG signals and 223 ECG signals were collected from the Jimma University physiotherapy clinic and prepared for signal processing. Since the 4th-order Butterworth filter performs better than the other filters, it was chosen to denoise the data. The data were then split at a ratio of 60:20:20 to train, validate, and test the data. Finally, the developed Bi-LSTM model was deployed.
Results
The Bi-LSTM model achieved an accuracy of 95% for multiclass muscle fatigue classification, and 97% accuracy was achieved for the binary classification of mental stress. The GUI provides a setting appropriate for routine model usage.
Conclusion
The results indicate that monitoring the muscle condition and mental status of traumatized patients can be performed in a clinical setting for effective physical rehabilitation.
Barriers To Implementation of Quality Management Systems (Qms), of Accredited Public Health Laboratories, In Botswana
Authors: Moitlhobogi Bakae
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify factors that hinders the implementation of Quality Management Systems(QMS)in selected Public Health Laboratories. The study population was from the targeted seven accredited Public Health Laboratories in Botswana. Data on critical success factors and their respective elements was collected using a questionnaire. The questions were based on the critical success factors for implementation of total quality management identified during the literature review. Ten Critical Success Factors were rated by a group of questions using a five point Likert scale method. Strongly agree was assigned a score of 5, agree is assigned a score of 4, neutral is assigned a score of 3, disagree is assigned a score of 2 and strongly disagree a score of 1. The mean of the assigned ratings is 3.0. Critical success factors which score mean greater than 3.0 will be classified as agree while those mean less than 3.0 will be classified as disagree. All the ten success factors were deemed critical but four of the critical factors had elements that were regarded as barriers to QMS implementation. The ten critical success factors identified were;Employee empowerment Strategic quality planning, Process management, Performance management, Quality culture, Management and leadership, Training, Supplier Management, Customer focus and Information analysis. On the contrary, four critical success factors had elements that scored less than 3.5 mean, so the elements were regarded as barriers to QMS implementation; Effective communication between management and employees, Staff compensation not linked to achieving quality goals, Employees are rewarded for their performance and Employees not taking part in evaluating suppliers.
Agribusiness Risk Management in Nigeria - A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Isaac AGBOLA Abolade , YUSUF Sulaiman , Oluwalaiye Tunde
Published: February 2024

The paper examines agribusiness risk management in Nigeria and discusses its role in transforming food production practices to attain food security and sustainable economic development. Risk is inherent in all the segments of the agricultural value chain. It is the responsibility of farmers to manage the adverse consequences of taking risks involved in food production, while financial institutions, governments, and donor agencies in developing nations play notable roles in ameliorating disasters considered beyond the control of the farmer. The reward for investing in agricultural business and bearing the risk is profit. The paper analysed the concept of agribusiness, various risks inherent in food production and ways to manage them effectively. It is recommended that the stakeholders in risk management, such as the farmer/producer, government, financial institutions, and donor agencies prevalent in developing nations, must work assiduously to identify, mitigate, transfer or cope with the risks in agribusiness to ensure food security in the country.
Effect of hydrological variability on suspended sediment load at a river junction: a case study
Authors: Khanam Nabina , Biswal Sushant Kumar
Published: February 2024

Confluences act as crucial intersection in a fluvial system as they regulate the flow, sediment, and geomorphological stability. Two of the natural occurrences that have an effect on hydro-morphological processes that characterize the channel are sediment movement and stream discharge. However, assessments of suspended sediment distribution patterns across channel confluences and functions of tributaries on sediment transfer in downstream streams are still inadequately explored. To fulfil this, a year-long field investigation was conducted around river confluence at various time scales during the hydrological season. The bathymetry of the confluence was performed using digital echo-sounding equipment, electro-magnetic current meter, and differential global positioning equipment. This study uses in situ measurement and empirical techniques to quantify the spatiotemporal distribution of suspended sediment particles. Furthermore, Yang's formula was used to analyze the sediment concentration, and several statistical standards were employed to establish a differentiation between predicted and observed data. The results illustrated that a good agreement has been achieved among the calculated and measured statistics based on the correlation coefficient value. According to the findings, 8% fewer errors in the quantification of suspended sediment were induced in the tributary than in the main river because of the very low flow of the tributary. The present ramifications can help increase our database and understanding of the dynamics of major river confluences.
A simulation model of heating mould sets connector parts edges by laser thermal treatment hardening
Authors: Kai Jian Ding
Published: February 2024

The development of a simulation model of heating mould sets connector parts edges by laser thermal treatment hardening for producing molding glass is described in the article. The mathematical model experimental verification was carried out.
Public Administration in Modern Russia: Concept, Principles of Functioning, Meaning
Authors: Solodova Elizaveta Anatolevna
Published: February 2024

The article reveals the concept and essence of public administration. The author gives certain definitions of public administration, its classification from several researchers, and the basic principles of the functioning of public administration are considered. In the process of research the author analyzes the functions and the part which public administration plays in modern Russia. Generally, the normative legal foundation of public administration in Russian practice is considered.
The Prevalence of Tobacco Use Among University Students and Associated Risk Factors: Trabzon, Turkey
Authors: BOSTAN Yusuf Emre , TOPBAŞ Murat , AĞRALI Cansu , ALBAYRAKTAR Abdul Kadir , BEYHUN Nazım Ercüment , TURHAN Sevil , KARAHAN Aykut , BİLGİNER Çilem , KALKANDELER Nihan , ŞAKAR Gizem Nur
Published: February 2024

Background: MPOWER strategies are employed to combat tobacco use in Turkey. However, no decrease in the prevalence of use among university students has been achieved. In research conducted among university students, only smoking was generally questioned. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco product use and associated risk factors among university students in Trabzon, northeast of Turkey, following the restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 6445 students between December 2021 and June 2022. Data analysis was performed with chi-square test and logistic regression test backward method.
Results: The prevalence of tobacco use is 26.9% in university students in Trabzon. The most frequently consumed tobacco product was cigarettes (25.0%), followed by hand-rolled cigarettes (6.5%), waterpipes (5.0%), and e-cigarettes (1.0%). Students’ tobacco use was statistically significantly associated with male gender, attending a vocational school, maternal tobacco use, paternal tobacco use, and romantic partner/close friend tobacco use.
Conclusion: The prevalence found is higher than in many previous studies. Priority should be given to women as well as men in intervention programs to fight against tobacco. Programs should begin in vocational school and include students' close friends, romantic partners, or parents
Analysis of Agricultural Economic Development in East Java Province
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Ilham , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the development of the agricultural economy in each regency/city in East Java Province using the Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share (SS), Klassen Typology, and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. In the context of agricultural economic growth in East Java Province, this study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the contribution and development of the agricultural financial sector at the regency/city level. The LQ method was used to identify the economic, agricultural industry, and the primary economy in each regency/city. In contrast, the SS method analyzes shifts in agricultural economic growth between districts/cities. In addition, Klassen typology provides an overview of the economic quadrant groupings. Finally, GIS is used to visualize spatial analysis results, which helps identify the geographic patterns and distribution of agricultural economic development in Indonesia. This research is expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including government and industry players, in planning more effective agricultural and economic development policies in each region/city. The results of this study can also be a reference for further research in East Java Province.
Supervisors’ role quality and its effect on the students’ ability in compiling reports
Authors: Husnaeni Husnaeni , Burga Muhammad Alqadri
Published: February 2024

The reality of the lack of students understanding regarding the PTK principles so that they plagiarism and have difficulties compiling reports are the supervisors’ unresolved responsibility. This research was aimed at analyzing the role quality on first and second supervisors at performing their tasks as supervisors for the subject PKP and their influences on students’ abilities in writing the PKP reports. This is a survey research using a correlational quantitative approach. About 143 respondents were selected purposively consisting of 15% at all 953 population (total students of following the subject PKP at PGSD UPBJJ-UT Makassar). The data collecting method utilized questionnaires, documentation, and observation. Data were analyzed utilizing descriptive and differential statistic techniques. Results of this research indicate that (1) the role quality of both supervisors is in the highest category, while the students’ capability in writing the PKP reports is at a high level. (2) The role quality of these supervisors both partial and simultaneous conditions, is affected positively and significantly on writing the PKP reports. Based on calculating the determinant coefficient, the role quality of these supervisors delivers a relatively small influence namely about 9.1% for writing PKP reports of students.
Factors contributing to online learning satisfaction during Covid-19 pandemic in higher education in Indonesia
Authors: Kumalasari Dewi , Akmal Sari Zakiah
Published: February 2024

To prevent the transmission of COVID-19, the learning process that used to be face-to-face meetings has turned into online learning. In the online learning context, students’ satisfaction is one of the crucial aspects. However, limited research has looked at the factors contributing to students’ satisfaction in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study investigated the determinants of online learning satisfaction among undergraduate students in Indonesia during the pandemic COVID-19. A total of 267 students aged 17-28 years old (M=20.07, SD=1.40) were participated in this study through accidental sampling technique. This study applied a quantitative approach with six instruments: online learning satisfaction, online learning readiness, academic stress, learner-content interaction, learner-learner interaction, and learner-instructor interaction. Multiple regression analysis showed that only online learning readiness and learner-content interaction were contributed significantly to online learning satisfaction (R2 = .36, F (2,262) = 36.80, p .001). Furthermore, learner-content interaction had a more considerable contribution (b=1.41, p.001) to online learning satisfaction than online learning readiness (b=.15, p=.03). The theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.
Factors affecting learner autonomy in the context of English language learning
Authors: Al-Khasawneh Fadi , Huwari Ibrahim , Alqaryouti Marwan , Alruzzi Kamal , Rababah Luqman
Published: February 2024

Several studies emphasized the importance of learning autonomy as a crucial component of persistent learning. Those studies revealed that autonomous learners are more likely to succeed in comparison to passive learners. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting learning autonomy and to examine the differences between the reported factors and academic level. The researcher developed a questionnaire after extensive research on the questionnaires used in previous studies. The data have been collected from (232) undergraduate students, who were randomly selected from the Department of English Language at King Khalid University. The results showed that learning autonomy is influenced by five internal factors (i.e., psychological aspects, learning strategies, cognitive abilities, metacognitive abilities, and critical thinking), and three external factors (i.e., the role of the teacher, the task, and the environment). The results also showed that most of the internal and external factors have no statistically significant differences attributed to academic level. The results of this study recommended that educators modify their pedagogical approaches to provide students with more choices, problem-solving, and independent learning possibilities.
Internalization of Indigenous Knowledge in the Education Curriculum for Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)
Authors: Parmin Parmin , Trisnowati Eli
Published: February 2024

Indigenous knowledge in Indonesia is very diverse, but some of it is threatened with extinction due to the impact of modernization on people's lifestyles. This research aims to find new methods of integrating indigenous knowledge into the curriculum for preparing prospective science teachers. The new method is targeted to become a reference for prospective science teacher education providers in Indonesia. The research uses mixed methods to find the impact of integrating indigenous knowledge in the curriculum for preparing prospective science teachers, according to the NGSS. The impact on prospective science teachers' profiles is the ability to integrate indigenous knowledge in preparing NGSS. The research targets were 15 heads of science education study programs from 15 different tertiary institutions and 20 prospective science teachers from three different study periods (one year, two years, and more than three years). The difference between study periods is considered because applying a curriculum integrating indigenous knowledge has only begun in the three classes used in this study. The research results found that the longer the study period, the more prospective teachers have the skills to integrate indigenous knowledge more clearly. The N-Gain test obtained a result of 0.5 (medium), meaning that the existing curriculum on the skills of applying science concepts to prospective science teachers about indigenous knowledge is in the medium category. Systematic integration of the curriculum for preparing prospective science teachers makes NGSS and indigenous knowledge in academic texts, courses, teaching materials, and final projects for graduation requirements.
Promises, Pitfalls, and Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatrics
Authors: Bhargava Hansa , Salomon Carmela , Suresh Srinivasan , Chang Anthony , Kilian Rachel , Stijn Diana van , Oriol Albert , Low Daniel , Knebel Ashley , Taraman Sharief
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) broadly describes a branch of computer science focused on developing machines capable of performing tasks typically associated with human intelligence. Those who connect AI with the world of science fiction may meet its growing rise with hesitancy or outright skepticism. However, AI is becoming increasingly pervasive in our society, from algorithms helping to sift through airline fares to substituting words in emails and SMS text messages based on user choices. Data collection is ongoing and is being leveraged by software platforms to analyze patterns and make predictions across multiple industries. Health care is gradually becoming part of this technological transformation, as advancements in computational power and storage converge with the rapid expansion of digitized medical information. Given the growing and inevitable integration of AI into health care systems, it is our viewpoint that pediatricians urgently require training and orientation to the uses, promises, and pitfalls of AI in medicine. AI is unlikely to solve the full array of complex challenges confronting pediatricians today; however, if used responsibly, it holds great potential to improve many aspects of care for providers, children, and families. Our aim in this viewpoint is to provide clinicians with a targeted introduction to the field of AI in pediatrics, including key promises, pitfalls, and clinical applications, so they can play a more active role in shaping the future impact of AI in medicine.
Freedom of Speech in Digital Communication: Rafael Capurro’s Cultural Approach to Self-Formation
Authors: Dua Mikhael
Published: February 2024

This article aims to explore the meaning of freedom of speech in Rafael Capurro’s writings. For this purpose, the article will consist of three parts. The first part will deal with the principle of freedom of speech which is embedded both in Western and Eastern cultures. The second part of the article will focus on the problematization of freedom of speech in digital communication, especially in cases of privacy and flourishing humanity. A harmonious social life and the flourishing of the human soul will be regarded as fundamental arguments of self-formation ethics in digital communication. Then, the third part of the article will trace out some of the implications of Capurro’s assessment of self-formation ethics as a basic argument for freedom of speech. In this final section, a discussion concerning the contribution of Capurro’s thoughts on criticizing pragmatic and intoxicant digital communication will be considered.
Should Robots Be Like Humans? A Pragmatic Approach to Social Robotics
Authors: Hartanto Budi
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the instrumentalizing aspects of social robots, which generate the term pragmatic social robot. In contrast to humanoid robots, pragmatic social robots (PSRs) are defined by their instrumentalizing aspects, which consist of language, skill, and artificial intelligence. These technical aspects of social robots have led to the tendency to attribute a selfhood characteristic or anthropomorphism. Anthropomorphism can raise problems of responsibility and the ontological problems of human-technology relations. As a result, there is an antinomy in the research and development of pragmatic social robotics, considering that they are expected to achieve similarity with humans in terms of completing works. How can we avoid anthropomorphism in the research and development of PSRs while ensuring their flexibility? In response to this issue, I suggest intuition should be instrumentalized to advance PSRs’ social skills. Intuition, as theorized by Henry Bergson and Efraim Fischbein, overcomes the capacity of logical analysis to solve problems. Robots should be like humans in the sense that their instrumentalizing aspects meet the criteria for the value of human social skills.
Slavoj Zizek’s Criticism of Neoliberalism and Radical Political Subjects
Authors: Nanto Yohanes De Brito , Madung Otto Gusti
Published: February 2024

Neoliberalism strongly endorses private property rights, free markets, and free trade. In the neoliberal economic system, the role of the state is to create and protect the existence of the market. This article aims to discuss Zizek’s critique of neoliberalism and his account of the radical subject. In this article we try to show that neoliberalism has negative impacts on developing countries, among which are the ecological crisis, economic crisis, and the privatization of national assets. We further elaborate on Zizek’s conviction that the presence of radical subjects can solve this problem by breaking through neoliberalism as The Big Other. The post-liberal ideology that he sees as an alternative for creating people’s welfare is “new communism,” which is different from the old communism proposed by Lenin. This communism emphasizes global solidarity in dealing with global problems and reinvigorates the role of the state as a facilitator to support the national economy.
Robot Autónomo para la detección y clasificación de fresas en campos de cultivo mediante Deep Learning
Authors: Moreno Jiménez Luis Andrés , Mejía Gesem , Montes de Oca Rebolledo Andrés , Flores Gerardo
Published: February 2024

El desarrollo de sistemas autónomos con aplicaciones en agricultura contribuyen de manera significativa a lograr una mayor eficiencia en las tareas diarias, como lo es el monitoreo de producción en el campo agrícola. En este trabajo se aborda precisamente este tema mediante la propuesta de un robot autónomo, que utiliza algoritmos de Deep Learning para detectar y clasificar fresas automáticamente según su grado de madurez. Con esta aplicación tecnológica se plantea proveer al agricultor información precisa de la cantidad de fresas presentes en un cultivo, así como su estado de madurez y localización exacta, lo que brinda al agricultor herramientas para planear una recolección eficiente. En escenarios reales de cultivo de fresas, existen factores que afectan la precisión en la detección de fresas, sin embargo, dados los resultados obtenidos en pruebas de campo, este sistema prueba ser preciso en esta tarea.
La nueva cuestión social y procuración de justicia laboral en México
Authors: Muñoz y Rojas Pablo
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo tiene por objeto dar a conocer una institución jurídica que, si bien es cierto ya cumplió 75 años de existencia, fue concebida desde sus antecedentes para dar acceso a la justicia laboral a los trabajadores, como parte de los efectos de la situación pasada y presente. En ese sentido, se expondrá brevemente lo que se entiende por “nueva cuestión social”, en particular el problema de acceso a la justicia laboral y de seguridad social, para después relatar lo que ha hecho la Procuraduría Federal de la Defensa del Trabajo (Profedet), y los retos actuales para su continua eficacia.
Alcances del amparo social
Authors: Tena Suck Rafael
Published: February 2024

El juicio de amparo es un procedimiento extraordinario de naturaleza jurisdiccional establecido en defensa del imperio de la Constitución. Su finalidad es hacer respetar los imperativos fundamentales y las garantías individuales del gobernado, por lo tanto es, sin lugar a dudas, una de las instituciones jurídicas de mayor trascendencia en el derecho mexicano. Esta institución procesal no fue concebida para proteger garantías sociales; sin embargo, a partir de la Constitución de 1917 éstas fueron reguladas, y posteriormente tanto en la Ley de Amparo de 1936 como en la jurisprudencia de la Corte se introducen figuras, normas y criterios de protección favorables a la clase trabajadora.