bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of Unani concept of islah-e-advia by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy fingerprinting of Mazaryun (Daphne oleoides Schreb.) before and after detoxification
Authors: Jahan Najeeb , Rahman Sayeedur
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

In the Unani System of Medicine, the drugs having third- and fourth-degree temperaments are recommended to be prescribed after Islah (rectification/detoxification) to remove their toxins/minimize their harmful effects/enhance their efficacy. To validate the concept of islah-e-advia (rectification/detoxification of drugs), a fourth-degree drug, leaves of Mazaryun (Daphne oleoides Schreb.), has been selected in the present study to evaluate the changes if any in its chemical constituents before and after detoxification process through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) fingerprinting.

Materials and Methods:

The leaves of Mazaryun were detoxified by the method mentioned in Unani pharmacopeias. Then, comparative preliminary phytochemical and GC-MS analyses were carried out on aqueous extracts and powders of crude and detoxified samples of the test drug, respectively. The components revealed in GC-MS fingerprinting were identified as per the National Institute of Standards and Technology and Wiley Library using the m/z ratio. The identification of components was based on the retention time (Rt) values, molecular masses molecular formula, and peak area (percentages).

Results:

The phytochemical study showed the presence of saponins and triterpenoids in its detoxified form. The GC-MS fingerprinting revealed the existence of eight components in its crude sample with the molecular formula: C19H26N2S2; C16H32O2; C9H11N; C17H30O2; C16H28O2; C18H30O2; C28H38O19; and C16H48O6Si7. The detoxified sample evident the presence of eight different components, with the molecular formula: C18H26O4; C13H20O5; C15H24O9; C11H22NO4P; C36H66O3; C11H32O4Si4; C30H50O; and C30H50O, at different values, molecular masses, and percentages, respectively, out of which β-amyrin (C30H50O) and α-amyrin (C30H50O) were found in more percentage, 29.123% and 47.946%, at Rt 54.316 and 57.863, respectively.

Conclusion:

The presence of totally different components in crude and detoxified samples of test drug has validated the concept of islah-e-advia. β-amyrin and α-amyrin can be utilized as reference marker compounds to identify the detoxified leaves of Mazaryun for future researchers working on this drug.
Toxicity study and antiurolithiatic activity of Ma‘jῡn Hajrul Yahood (a herbomineral Unani formulation) in rats
Authors: Makbul Shaikh Ajij Ahmed , Jahan Nasreen , Rahman Sayeedur
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Ma‘Jῡn Hajrul Yahood (MHY), a Unani pharmacopoeial preparation, has been used for urolithiasis since time immemorial. The present study aimed to establish the safety and evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of aqueous extract of MHY on calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis in rats. The toxicity study was carried out as per the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines.

Materials and Methods:

For antiurolithiatic activity, four male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into five groups. The animals in plain control were provided water ad libitum; the other four groups received ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 1% added to their drinking water for the first 7 days for induction of urolithiasis. The standard group received Cystone (750 mg/kg, b.w.), while test groups A and B were administered an aqueous extract of MHY (280 and 560 mg/kg), respectively, for the next 14 days.

Results:

The number of CaOx crystals in urine, serum, and urinary calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, creatinine, urea, and sodium was analyzed. MHY showed no toxic effect in single- and repeated-dose toxicity studies. Extract-treated animals showed improvement in body weight with significantly fewer crystals in urine (P < 0.001). Significant (P < 0.01) reduction was observed in urea, creatinine, and phosphorus in the urine of the animals treated with both doses of MHY, while serum creatinine and calcium reduced significantly (P < 0.01) in test group B. Conversely, magnesium levels increased significantly (P < 0.01) in both the test groups. Histology of the kidney showed no crystal deposition in treated groups with almost normal kidney architecture.

Conclusion:

The MHY has a significant lithotriptic effect.
Blood Pressure Pattern and Prevalence of Hypertension amongst Apparently Healthy Primary School Pupils in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Papka Nubwa Yusufu , Babaniyi Iretiola Bosede , Aikhionbare Henry A. , Oladele John Toluwani , Chinawa Josephat Maduabuchi
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to determine the blood pressure (BP) pattern and prevalence of hypertension amongst apparently healthy primary school pupils in Abuja.

Methodology:

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out on apparently healthy primary school children aged 6–12 years. BP was measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer according to standard guidelines. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and analysis of variance were used to determine the relationship between BP and various variables where applicable. P = 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Out of 1011 pupils recruited for the study, 457 (42.2%) were male. The mean systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) increased significantly with age from 94.5 mmHg to 101.0 mmHg and from 61.5 mmHg to 65.3 mmHg from 6 to 12 years for SBP and DBP, respectively (P < 0.05). The prevalence of high BP was 9.1%. Age was the only predictor of SBP (β = –0.629, 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.115, –0.142), while age, height and body mass index (BMI) were the predictors of DBP (β = –0.686, 95% CI of –1.152, –0.221; β = 0.490, 95% CI of 0.172, 0.809; β = 1.753, 95% CI of 0.374, 3.160) for age, height and BMI, respectively, at P < 0.05.

Conclusion:

The predictors of SBP and DBP as shown in this study support the recommendations by various reports for taking body size into consideration in developing reference values for various populations. Age and body size are important determinants of BP in children. Its measurement should be encouraged in schools.
Individual-level Predictors of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness: Urban–Rural Comparison
Authors: Mba Onyinye Ginika , Okeafor Ibitein Ngowari
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Maternal mortality is a major public health problem. Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) constitute a veritable strategy for reducing maternal mortality, yet adoption is low with wide urban–rural discrepancies.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to compare the practice of BP/CR amongst women in rural and urban areas of Rivers State, Nigeria, and determine the individual-level predictors.

Methods:

A facility-based cross-sectional comparative study using a multistage sampling method was employed in the selection of 924 (462 urban and 462 rural) women who gave birth within the last 12 months in urban and rural local government areas. Outcome measures were birth preparedness (defined as undergoing antenatal care (ANC) with a skilled birth provider, voluntary counselling and testing for HIV and saving money for childbirth at an agreed place of delivery with a skilled birth attendant) and complication readiness (defined as being knowledgeable about danger signs, identifying decision-maker, a nearest functional institution in case of emergency, emergency means of transport and funds and a suitable blood donor). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed at P < 0.05.

Results:

The proportion of women who were birth prepared was significantly higher amongst women in urban areas (85.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.7%–89.1%) versus rural counterparts (56.7%; 95% CI: 52.2%–61.2%), whereas the proportion of complication readiness was significantly higher in rural (31.8%; 95% CI: 27.6%–36.1%) than urban (18.2%; 95% CI: 15.2%–47.8%) groups. Predictors were possession of secondary educational level or higher (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.9; 95% CI: 1.5–15.5), being employed (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.5–15.0) and ANC attendance (AOR: 29.2; 95% CI: 8.8–96.9) in urban, whereas amongst the rural, it was ANC attendance (AOR: 20.0; 95% CI: 9.1–43.7).

Conclusion:

In urban areas, more women were birth prepared while fewer women were complication ready compared to the women in rural areas, with predictors such as education, employment and ANC attendance in urban areas and only ANC attendance in rural areas. Measures to promote ANC uptake, maternal education and empowerment could promote BP/CR.
Understanding the Impact of the Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) Gene on Age-related Macular Degeneration: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Velmurugan Saranya , Pauline Rashmi , Chandrashekar Gurudeva , Kulanthaivel Langeswaran , Subbaraj Gowtham Kumar
Published: June 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent and incurable condition affecting the central retina and posing a significant risk to vision, particularly in individuals over the age of 60. As the global population ages, the prevalence of AMD is expected to rise, leading to substantial socioeconomic impacts and increased healthcare costs. The disease manifests primarily in two forms, neovascular and non-neovascular, with genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors playing a pivotal role in disease susceptibility and progression. This review article involved conducting an extensive search across various databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus and EMBASE, to compile relevant case–control studies and literature reviews from online published articles extracted using search terms related to the work.SIRT1, a key member of the sirtuin family, influences cellular processes such as ageing, metabolism, DNA repair and stress response. Its dysregulation is linked to retinal ageing and ocular conditions like AMD. This review discusses the role ofSIRT1in AMD pathology, its association with genetic variants and its potential as a biomarker, paving the way for targeted interventions and personalised treatment strategies. In addition, it highlights the findings of case–control studies investigating the relationship betweenSIRT1gene polymorphisms and AMD risk. These studies collectively revealed a significant association between certainSIRT1gene variants and AMD risk. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate these findings. As the prevalence of AMD grows, understanding the role of SIRT1 and other biomarkers becomes increasingly vital for improving diagnosis, treatment and, ultimately, patient outcomes.
Innovative Deep Learning Approach for Parkinson's Disease Prediction: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks for Early Detection
Authors: R. Wankar Bhagyashri , V. Kshirsagar Nikita , V. Jadhav Amisha , R. Bawane Srushti , M. Koshti Shubham
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement control, highlighting the importance of timely detection and intervention to improve patient quality of life. However, accurate diagnosis remains challenging due to its similarity with other neurological conditions, leading to a 25% rate of inaccurate manual diagnoses. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) offer a promising solution for medical image classification and analysis, capable of learning complex patterns in images. In this study, we introduce an innovative automated diagnostic model using CNN that gives an appropriate output about if the person is diagnosed with PD or not.OBJECTIVES: The study aims to develop an automated diagnostic model using CNNs to accurately diagnose PD. By leveraging the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) dataset, which provides benchmarked MRI images of PD and healthy controls, the model seeks to differentiate between PD and non-PD cases.METHODS: A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a deep learning algorithm that is suitable for medical image classification and analysis as they are able to learn complex patterns in images and identify the hidden patterns and trend of data. We have used VGG16 and ResNet50 pretrained CNN models to achieve high accuracy and prediction.RESULTS: These models collectively achieved an outstanding accuracy rate of 97%. To validate our model performance, we test our model by applying various algorithms and activation functions such as EfficientNetB0, EfficientNetB1 and softmax, sigmoid, and ReLu respectively.CONCLUSION: This research introduces an innovative framework for the early detection of Parkinson’s disease using convolutional neural networks. Our system demonstrates remarkable capability to identify subtle patterns indicative of PD in its early stages.
Combinatorial QFT on graphs: First quantization formalism
Authors: Contreras Ivan , Kandel Santosh , Mnev Pavel , Wernli Konstantin
Published: June 2024

We study a combinatorial model of the quantum scalar field with polynomial potential on a graph. In the first quantization formalism, the value of a Feynman graph is given by a sum over maps from the Feynman graph to the spacetime graph (mapping edges to paths). This picture interacts naturally with Atiyah–Segal-like cutting-gluing of spacetime graphs. In particular, one has combinatorial counterparts of the known gluing formulae for Green’s functions and (zeta-regularized) determinants of Laplacians.
Boltzmann-type kinetic equations and discrete models
Authors: Bobylev Aleksandr Vasil'evich
Published: June 2024

The known non-linear kinetic equations (in particular, the wave kinetic equation and the quantum Nordheim-Uehling-Uhlenbeck equations) are considered as a natural generalization of the classical spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation. To this goal we introduce the general Boltzmann-type kinetic equation that depends on a function of four real variables $F(x,y;v,w)$. The function $F$ is assumed to satisfy certain commutation relations. The general properties of this equation are studied. It is shown that the kinetic equations mentioned above correspond to different forms of the function (polynomial) $F$. Then the problem of discretization of the general Boltzmann-type kinetic equation is considered on the basis of ideas which are similar to those used for the construction of discrete models of the Boltzmann equation. The main attention is paid to discrete models of the wave kinetic equation. It is shown that such models have a monotone functional similar to the Boltzmann $H$-function. The existence and uniqueness theorem for global in time solution of the Cauchy problem for these models is proved. Moreover, it is proved that the solution converges to the equilibrium solution when time goes to infinity. The properties of the equilibrium solution and the connection with solutions of the wave kinetic equation are discussed. The problem of the approximation of the Boltzmann-type equation by its discrete models is also discussed. The paper contains a concise introduction to the Boltzmann equation and its main properties. In principle, it allows one to read the paper without any preliminary knowledge in kinetic theory.
Bibliography: 61 titles.
In vitro P - solubilization activity of halophilic fungi in salt - affected soils and their potential as bio - inoculants
Authors: Chandra Priyanka , Rai Arvind Kumar , Basak Nirmalendu , Sundha Parul , Prajapat Kailash , Singh Awtar , Yadav Rajender Kumar
Published: June 2024

Some fungi have a unique ability to adapt and establish beneficial association with crop in salt–affected soils. Therefore, present study was conducted to characterize the salinity–tolerance, P–solubilization and growth promotion ability of the fungal isolates from the rhizosphere of salt–tolerant crops. The rhizospheric soil showed an assemblage of fifteen phosphate–solubilizing fungal (PSF) isolates tolerant to salinity (5% NaCl w/v), alkalinity (pH 8.0), and thermal stress (up to 40oC). Soil pH, EC, organic carbon, KMnO4–N, Olsen’s P, and NH4OAc–K explained about 51.6% variability in the rhizosphere assemblage of the microorganisms. The genera Aspergillus and Penicillium were abundant in rhizosphere. The association of Penicillium spp. with crops was greater in soil of higher salinity than Aspergillus. The salt–tolerant fungi demonstrated variable effects on the germination of different crops. Siderophore and fungal biomass of the isolates cause 23% variability in plant growth parameters. The PSF strains PP3 and SA1 of the Penicillium and Aspergillus, respectively, showed high P solubilization without any appreciable change at high salinity. This study concluded that the PSF producing siderophores and phytohormones has significant importance for promoting growth and survival of crops in salt–affected soils.
Electric Fenton technology with Jacaranda fruit shell biochar as particle electrode for the removal of emerging pollutant ciprofloxacin hydrochloride
Authors: Liu Yuqin , Shi Yu , Liu Yongqiang , Fan Ailin , Xu Bo , Qiu Haiyan , Lan Guihong , Zhang Ming
Published: June 2024

The overuse of antibiotics has become a serious environmental problem, and addressing how to remove antibiotics from aquatic environments poses a significant challenge. This study prepared a porous biochar material (BSJ) using natural Jacaranda fruit shells as raw materials and combined it with an electric Fenton system (EF-BSJ) to degrade ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP). Characterization and analysis of biochar using SEM, BET, Raman spectroscopy, and other methods revealed that the porous structure and aromatic functional groups of biochar play a crucial role in adsorbing CIP. The effects of carbonization temperature and carbonization time on the adsorption of CIP by biochar were investigated during the biochar preparation process. At 800℃ and 1.5 hours, the maximum adsorption efficiency of biochar for CIP is 96.88%. In addition, thestudy investigated the impact of cathode and anode materials of the EF-BSJ system on the degradation efficiency of CIP. When platinum-titnium plating was used as the anode and foam nickel electrode as the cathoded, the CIP removal rate could reach 95.48%. Finally, the UV full-band scanning method was used to determine that CIP was degraded into small molecule substances, achieving the goal of removing CIP. This study introduces a novel strategy for eliminating antibiotics.
Data Safety Monitoring Boards: Overview of Structure and Role in Spinal Cord Injury Studies
Authors: Blight Andrew R. , Guest James D. , Hamer James , Hsieh Jane T.C. , Jones Linda , Magnuson David S.K. , Pfleeger Kimberley
Published: June 2024

This paper provides an overview of the history, composition, organization, responsibilities, and regulatory requirements of Data Safety Monitoring Boards (DSMB), with particular reference to the context of clinical trials in spinal cord injury. It is intended to help potential members of such boards and those undertaking the design of new clinical trials to understand the important role of the DSMB in safeguarding the integrity of complex trials, promoting safety, and countering potential bias. An independent DSMB helps to protect research subjects by providing study oversight and serves as an additional step to assure that clinical trials are performed to existing and appropriate standards. The DSMB must meet on a regular schedule, diligently evaluate all the information it receives, and report in a timely and decisive manner. Members must be free of significant conflicts of interest throughout the study and be adequately trained and experienced to serve their roles within the group. DSMB service can be a valuable learning experience and a gratifying opportunity to participate in advancing medicine and helping to maintain and improve the standards of research.
Factors Affecting Subjective Life Expectancy: Analysis of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Bae Jaekyoung , Park Youngjin , Shine Bo-Kyoung
Published: June 2024

Subjective life expectancy (SLE) is the predictive value of actual life expectancy. SLE has been notably associated with mortality. The 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) representative sample of 10,254 Koreans aged over 45 years to assess the associations between factors of SLE. Descriptive analysis, correlations, and age-adjusted regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between SLE and demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors. We also linked the 2018 KLoSA death statistics to the 2006 data to evaluate the association between actuarial life expectancy and SLE. We found that chronic illnesses and limitations in activities of daily living affect the life expectancy of individuals. Marriage, gainful employment, and high educational qualifications increase life expectancy. People who exercise expect to live longer, while those who smoke and drink expect to live somewhat shorter lives. Better self-rated health is associated with higher SLE. People who own a house expect to live longer than non-owners, and individuals living in metropolitan cities and urban areas assume a longer life expectancy than those living in rural areas. Participants who died between 2006 and 2018 had previously predicted a lower life expectancy than those who survived until 2018. The results of the study suggest that current health status, health behaviors, socioeconomic status, and actual life expectancy showed significant associations with SLE in the expected directions. These findings imply that we could use SLE as a database of health status, health behavior, and actual life expectancy. This information could help us intervene and improve policies related to SLE.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Табеева Г.Р. , Кирьянова Е.А.
Published: June 2024

В настоящее время деменция становится проблемой общественного здравоохранения во всем мире. Наиболее распространены такие формы деменции, как болезнь Альцгеймера, сосудистая деменция, деменция с тельцами Леви, лобно-височная и смешанная деменция. Болезнь Альцгеймера является наиболее распространенной среди пожилого населения. У данных пациентов наблюдаются многочисленные психологические и поведенческие изменения, включая депрессию, тревогу, возбуждение и галлюцинации. В статье рассматриваются патофизиология данных расстройств, подходы к лечению когнитивных нарушений и коррекции сопутствующих депрессии и тревоги.

Dementia is becoming a public health problem worldwide. The most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal and mixed dementia. Among them, Alzheimer’s disease is  the most common among the elderly population. These patients experience numerous psychological and behavioral changes, including depression, anxiety, paranoia, agitation, and hallucinations. The article discusses approaches to the treatment of  cognitive disorders and correction of concomitant depression and anxiety.
TUNNEL SYNDROMES
Authors: Левин О.С. , Небожин А.И.
Published: June 2024

Сосудисто-нервные пучки располагаются свободно в параневральных пространствах и не подвержены повреждающему компрессионному воздействию. Возникновение и существование туннельных синдромов в естественных условиях невозможно. Патологические процессы, которые локализуются снаружи или внутри параневральных пространств, могут существенно изменять топографо-анатомические взаимоотношения сосудисто-нервного пучка и окружающего пространства. Эти изменения могут стать причиной возникновения компрессионно-ишемических невропатий. Результаты клинических исследований позволяют предполагать, что антагонист калиевых рецепторов и ингибитор ацетилхолин- и бутирилхолинэстеразы ипидакрин может занять место в комплексной терапии туннельных невропатий.

The formation and development of neurovascular bundles in the embryonic period determines their individual anatomical characteristics. The growth of neurovascular bundles and the organization of perineural spaces occurs under the influence of various growth factors. The neurovascular are located freely in the paraneural spaces and are not subject to damaging compression effects. The occurrence and existence of tunnel syndromes in natural conditions is impossible. Pathological processes that are localized outside or inside the perineural spaces can significantly change the topographic and anatomical relationships of the neurovascular bundle and the surrounding space. These changes can cause compression-ischemic neuropathies.
Afet Olgusunun Zamansal ve Mekansal Boyutunun Kent Planlama Ekseninde Değerlendirilmesi: Torbalı İlçesi
Authors: Alğın Demir Kübra , Karataş Neslihan
Published: June 2024

Türkiye sahip olduğu jeolojik, topografik ve meteorolojik özellikleri nedeniyle afetler karşısında yüksek risk barındırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kent planlama, zarar görebilirliğin azaltılmasında önemli bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Nitekim son yıllarda riski oluşturan ve daha da artmasına neden olan faktörlerin önceden tespit edilmesi ve bu doğrultuda afete duyarlı bir planlama yaklaşımı giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı, alüvyon kalınlığının fazla olması sebebiyle taşıma kapasitesinin düşük olduğu Torbalı’da kentsel gelişimin tarihsel süreç içerisinde hangi yönde ve ne tür geliştiğine ilişkin saptamalar yapmaktır. Aynı zamanda risk teşkil eden unsurları tespit ederek gelecekte meydana gelmesi muhtemel doğal afetlerin deprem, taşkın ve erozyon özelinde yarattığı etkileri en aza indirebilmek için öncesinden önlem alabilme olanağını sağlayacak politikalar üretmektir.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Deprem Farkındalık Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Değirmenci Yavuz , Altunay Furkan
Published: June 2024

Depremler, başta insanlar olmak üzere canlıları ve çevreyi çeşitli açılardan etkileyen, hem dünyada hem de Türkiye’de sıklıkla görülen en önemli doğal afetlerden birisidir. Günümüz teknolojik imkânları ve bilgi birikimine rağmen depremlerin önlenmesinde ve tahmin edilmesinde henüz istenilen düzeye ulaşılamadığı da bir gerçektir. Ancak diğer afetlerde olduğu gibi depremler için de bireylerin hazırlıklı ve bilinçli olması depremlerin zararlarının azaltılmasında etkilidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin deprem farkındalık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırma nicel yaklaşıma dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Deprem Farkındalık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde ise Jamowi istatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim döneminde Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim gören lisans düzeyindeki öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; katılımcıların genel olarak deprem farkındalık düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, cinsiyet ve not ortalaması açısından anlamlı farklılık oluşmazken, bölüm değişkenine göre farklılığın oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcılar depreme karşı bilinçli olmanın hayati öneme sahip olduğunu ancak üniversite eğitimlerinin depreme hazırlıklı olmada yeterli olmadığını belirtmişlerdir.
06 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri Sonrası Bölgeye Gönderilen Yardımların Koordinasyon Süreçlerinin İncelenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aydın Selçuk , Şahin Abdurrahim , Macit Mustafa , Aksakal Erdi
Published: June 2024

06 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş’ta “Mw=7.7” ve “Mw=7.6” şiddetinde iki büyük deprem meydana gelmiştir. Depremler, 11 ilde yaygın bina göçmelerine ve muhtelif derecelerde yapı hasarlarına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma, deprem sonrası bölgeye gönderilen yardımların dağıtım ve koordinasyon süreçlerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma, nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında “41” katılımcı ile görüşülmüştür. Saha görüşmeleri Adıyaman, Hatay ve Kahramanmaraş illerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “afet öncesi”, “afet esnası”, “afet sonrası” süreçler ekseninde, “yardım”, “koordinasyon/organizasyon” ve “lojistik/depolama” temaları altında analiz edilmiş ve tartışılmıştır. Çalışma bulguları üzerinden; depreme yönelik belirli seviyede bir hazırlığın bulunduğu fakat afet alanının büyüklüğünün, ulaşımda yaşanan aksaklıkların, iletişim eksikliğinin ve yardımların düzensiz gelmesinin dağıtım ve koordinasyon süreçlerinde çeşitli sorunlara neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Detection of Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria to Oxidize Hydrogen Sulfide in Biogas from Pig Farm by NGS and DNA Microarray Technique
Authors: Boonyawanich Siriorn , Prommeenate Peerada , Oaew Sukunya , Suksong Wantanasak , Pisutpaisal Nipon , Haosagul Saowaluck
Published: June 2024

A high concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) released from pig farming is one of the major environmental problems affecting surrounding communities. In modern pig farms, the bioscrubber is used to eliminate H2S, which is found to be driven mainly by the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) community. Therefore, in this study, molecular biology techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and DNA microarray are proposed to study the linkage between enzyme activity and the abundance of the SOB community. The starting sludge (SFP1) and recirculating sludge (SFP2) samples were collected from the bioscrubber reactor in the pig farm. The abundance of microbial populations between the two sampling sites was considered together with the gene expression results of both soxABXYZ and fccAB. Based on the NGS analysis, the members of phylum Proteobacteria such as Halothiobacillus, Acidithiobacillus, Thiothrix, Novosphingobium, Sulfuricurvum, Sulfurovum, Sulfurimonas, Acinetobacter, Thiobacillus, Magnetospirillum, Arcobacter, and Paracoccus were predominantly found in SFP2. The presence of Cyanobacteria in SFP pig farms is associated with increased biogas yields. The microarray results showed that the expression of soxAXBYZ and fccAB genes involved in the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate was increased in Halothiobacillus, Paracoccus, Acidithiobacillus, Magnetospirillum, Sphingobium, Thiobacillus, Sulfuricurvum, Sulfuricurvum, Arcobacter, and Thiothrix. Both NGS and DNA microarray data supported the functional roles of SOB in odor elimination and the oxidation of H2S through the function of soxABXYZ and fccAB. The results also identified the key microbes for H2S odor treatment, which can be utilized to monitor the stability of biological treatment systems and the toxicity of sulfide minerals by oxidation.
Impact of Hydraulic Developments on the Quality of Surface Water in the Mafragh Watershed, El Tarf, Algeria
Authors: Hebbache Moufid. , Zenati N. , Belahcene N. , Messadi D.
Published: June 2024

The wadis are environments of great ecological and economic importance. They are the seat of several hydraulic developments. The latter disrupts the functioning of the wadi in different ways. They modify their hydrological regime, disrupt the ecological conditions upstream and downstream of the reservoir, reduce the self-purification capacities, and modify the processes of erosion and solid transport. It is in this perspective that we have carried out a study of the impact of hydraulic installations on the quality of the waters of the Mafragh watershed. The hydrographic network of the watershed receives the wastewater discharged by the localities and by the industries located along these rivers. This wastewater contributes to the degradation of the water quality of the wadis. The spatio-temporal variation of the water quality index showed a good quality at the level of the dams, while at the level of the sites, which are located downstream, the quality generally varies between bad and very bad during the study period.
Temperature-related Saccharification of Delignified Sawdust Materials from the Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria
Authors: Seeletse J. B. M. , Ndukwe N. A. , Wyk J. P. H. van
Published: June 2024

Sawdust, a product of the forest industry is mostly left untreated as solid waste. This phenomenon is well observed along the Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria where hundreds of trees are cut daily by sawmills to deliver wood for mainly the furniture industry. Different types of trees are utilized in this manner and the massive amounts of sawdust produced as a result of these activities are polluting the environment causing health risks for humans and animals. Cellulose, a glucose bio-polymer is a major structural component of sawdust and could be developed as a renewable energy resource should the cellulose be degraded into glucose, a fermentable sugar. This saccharification was done with Aspergillus niger cellulase and to make the cellulose more susceptible for cellulase action the sawdust was delignified with hydrogen peroxide. Both delignified and non-delignified sawdust were treated with the cellulase enzyme at incubation temperatures of 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C. Delignification proved to be effective as an increased amount of sugar was released from all delignified sawdust materials relative to the non-delignified materials when saccharified with A. niger cellulase. Most of the materials were degraded at an incubation temperature of 40°C and 50°C and the highest percentage saccharification of 58% was obtained during the degradation of delignifed cellulose from the tree, Ricindendron heudelotti
O professor de Educação Física como interlocutor qualificado no paradigma da comunicação
Authors: Brito Clovis , Trindade Rui
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo, realizado por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, teve como objetivo indicar o professor de Educação Física como Interlocutor Qualificado. Para alcançar tal propósito, o texto discorre e mostra algumas diferenças entre dois paradigmas pedagógicos: um tradicional, o da Instrução; e outro com uma perspectiva socioculturalista, o da Comunicação. Dentro de cada paradigma o professor, o aluno, o saber e o patrimônio cultural são percebidos de maneiras diferentes. No Paradigma da Instrução, com um viés normativo, o professor e o saber são os protagonistas, enquanto o aluno é coadjuvante no processo pedagógico. O professor de Educação Física, neste paradigma, além de ser aquele que julga, avalia, classifica, seleciona e pune, é um instrutor e transmissor do conhecimento, enfatizando gestos técnicos descontextualizados de uma prática não significativa para os alunos. No Paradigma da Comunicação o professor é um Interlocutor Qualificado e não existem protagonistas, mas coprotagonistas. Docente, aluno e saber realizam um movimento de interação e comunicação no qual os três são figuras essenciais no processo pedagógico. Conclui-se o texto indicando que o professor de Educação Física – que utiliza diferentes práticas corporais tematizadas tais como esportes, danças, lutas, entre outras – pode ser Interlocutor Qualificado desde que rompa com uma proposta autoritária, meritocrata, apenas organizando e mediando atividades que ignoram os alunos e o patrimônio cultural, e atue efetivamente como um professor democrático, reflexivo, colaborativo, incentivando, negociando e estabelecendo condições para que os estudantes ampliem suas capacidades de aprendizagem a nível motor, cognitivo, social e afetivo.
The Impact of Content Learning Integrated Language (CLIL) on the Speaking Skill in the EFL Classroom at the Secondary Level
Authors: Tapia Lucía , Vega Melita
Published: June 2024

Many authors assert that the dual focus on CLIL on language and content develops higher-order critical thinking, cognitive engagement and fosters motivation. Originally emerging in Europe, the versatility and adaptability of this approach led to wider adoption in other parts of the world leading to multiple empirical and contextual articles. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of CLIL on developing English language skills at the secondary level in Latin America to allow students to learn a second language in a meaningful context. Thus, this study uses a descriptive qualitative method to analyze studies that focus on the main challenges in applying CLIL at the secondary level, as well as how it has been implemented in Latin America over the last decade through different and interactive strategies that allow the students to increase oral communication in context.
Towards a Versatile and Impactful Qualitative Research Paradigm: A Comprehensive Guide to Grounded Theory for Organizational Researchers
Authors: Atmawijaya Tito Dimas
Published: June 2024

Cathy Urquhart's Grounded Theory for Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.) provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the grounded theory methodology. The book explores the historical development of grounded theory, its diverse approaches, and applications, empowering readers to make informed decisions about the research method. Urquhart emphasizes the importance of reflexivity, theoretical sensitivity, and the role of the researcher, encouraging a participant-centered approach. The book's coverage of key concepts, practical exercises, and strategies for overcoming challenges make it an indispensable resource for researchers and teachers in fields like information systems and organizational studies. Urquhart also highlights promising avenues for the future development of grounded theory, such as the integration of digital technologies and cross-cultural applications.
JURIDICAL STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF LAW NUMBER 18 OF 2012 CONCERNING FOOD (STUDY: TRADITIONAL ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE BUSINESS ACTORS IN KAMBANIRU VILLAGE, EAST SUMBA-NTT REGENCY)
Authors: Huky Leba Hendro , Saverius Nurdin Fransiskus
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze the extent to which the effectiveness of the application of Law No. 18 of 2012 concerning Food to business actors producing traditional alcoholic beverages in Kambaniru Village. The type of research used is empirical normative the analytical-descriptive research uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that Law number 18 of 2012 concerning Food is not implemented by business actors producing traditional alcoholic beverages in the Kambaniru village because production business actors do not know the A quo law and the manufacturing process is still a simple way and the equipment is not following the provisions normative rules.
Examining the Operational Efficiency and Socio-Economic Influence of Farmer Producer Organizations (Fpos) in Telangana's Agricultural Sector
Authors: Shri Gajula Praveen Kumar  , Dr. Vijaya Lakshmi Mohanty
Published: June 2024

The study investigates the effectiveness and impact of Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) in Telangana, focusing on socio-economic profiles, service effectiveness, and beneficiary attitudes. Three FPOs in Warangal, Hanumakonda, Yadadri Bhongir, and Kodangal were selected based on government certification. A sample size of 300 beneficiaries was interviewed, revealing characteristics such as education level, occupation, and income. Analysis shows moderate levels of extension agency contact, information utilization, and market orientation. Beneficiaries’ express satisfaction with enabled services, particularly market information dissemination. Notably, services like technology dissemination and procurement of inputs yield significant benefits, while areas like export and commodity exchanges lag. Overall effectiveness of FPO services is 80.02%. Impact assessment indicates medium to high levels of socioeconomic change post-FPO participation, including increased income, savings, and social benefits.
Building Bridges in a Divided Society: Addressing Hindutva and Muslim Conflicts in India
Authors: Masatoğlu Mehmet
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to perform a comprehensive investigation of the complex dynamics that exist between Hindutva and the Muslim minority in India, with a particular emphasis on the conflict that is becoming more intense. It investigates the complicated situation by delving into the myriad of political, religious, and sociological aspects that interact with one another and contribute to shaping it. This research investigates the purposeful aggravation of racial discrimination, nationalism, and exclusionary policies that have a disproportionate impact on the Muslim population in India, which is a minority population. The research draws from a wide variety of scholarly sources. As an additional benefit, it gives light on the politicization of Hinduism within the public sphere of India. Additionally, it explores the rise and spread of Hindu nationalism while simultaneously evaluating the corresponding socio-political issues that are encountered by the Muslim minority. This study highlights the urgent need for a narrative that fights for inclusion, secularism, and progressiveness while also embracing diversity. This is accomplished through an examination that encompasses historical Hindu-Muslim debates, media depictions, and government policies. In addition to this, it investigates the negative effects that arose as a result of Islamophobia, socio-spatial segregation, and state-driven oppression, particularly in light of current changes in Indian politics. Within the scope of this investigation, a critical analysis of the role that the state plays, particularly with regard to its preference for some religious groups over others, is an essential component. In addition, this research investigation examines a number of different strategies with the objective of reducing disputes between different groups and promoting interfaith communication, mutual respect, and peaceful coexistence. The main goal is to create a society that is welcoming to people of all religious backgrounds, one in which members of other faiths are able to freely practice their faith without fear of being discriminated against or punished. It is important to note that this research continually highlights the necessity of open and constructive conversation, policy changes, and balanced media portrayal in the process of revising the dominant narrative. The fundamental objective of this initiative is to foster a conversation that emphasizes the utmost significance of social justice, equality, and inclusion within the framework of the modern-day India.
Tanzimat Sonrası Osmanlı Hukukundaki Gelişmeler Bağlamında Kânûn-ı Esasî’nin Milli/ İslam Hukuku Kaynaklı Olup Olmaması Meselesi
Authors: Karayaka Hüseyin
Published: June 2024

Kurulduğu günden beri İslam hukukunu uygulayan Osmanlı devleti, süreç içerisinde zamanın gerektirdiği düzenlemeleri yapmaktan geri durmamıştır. Osmanlı’da İslam hukukçularının fıkıh usulünün esasları doğrultusunda şer‘î kaynaklara dayanarak ürettikleri hukuka şer‘î hukuk, devlet başkanlarının fermanlarıyla oluşup kanunnâme adıyla yürürlüğe giren hukuka da örfi hukuk adı verilmiştir. Osmanlı’da yerleşmiş bu kanunnâme geleneğine rağmen Tanzimat dönemine kadar bir hukuk dalının bütününü içine alan bir kanunlaştırma faaliyeti olmamıştır. Tanzimat’tan sonra bir taraftan şer‘î ve örfî hukuktan oluşan milli hukuk tedvin edilirken diğer taraftan bazı batılı kanunlar iktibas edilmiştir. Böylece hukukta bir ikilik meydana gelmiş ve Türk hukuk tarihinde yeni bir dönem başlamıştır. Biz bu makalemizde bu dönemde hazırlanan Kânûn-ı Esâsî’yi kaynak açısından ele alıp inceleyeceğiz. Bu çalışma ile çoğunluk tarafından Türk hukukunda ilk yazılı anayasa olarak kabul edilen Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin ne derece Milli/İslam hukuku kaynaklı olduğunu ortaya koymayı hedeflemekteyiz. Önce “Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin Hazırlanması” başlığı altında hazırlık aşamasındaki fikri ve siyasi süreçleri, ilanı sırasındaki gelişmeleri, hukuki mahiyeti ve muhtevasının ne olduğunu ifade edeceğiz. Sonra da “Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin Milli/İslam Hukuku Kaynaklı Oluşu Meselesi” başlığı altında hazırlık aşamasındaki tartışmaları, tasarılarda ve kabul edilen metinde ulemanın katkısının olup olmadığını ortaya koymaya çalışacağız. Sonuç olarak bu anayasada yeni bazı kural ve kurumlar ilave edilmekle birlikte Osmanlı Devleti’nin başından beri var olan siyasî ve hukukî yapısının temel esaslarıyla korunduğu görülmektedir diyebiliriz. Bu haliyle Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin, sadece Milli/İslam hukuku kaynaklı olmayıp karma usulle hazırlandığını söyleyebiliriz.
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF CO2 BOOSTER REFRIGERATION CYCLES WITH FLOODED EVAPORATORS AND PARALLEL COMPRESSOR FOR SUPERMARKETS IN TÜRKİYE
Authors: Bilir Sağ Nagihan , Işık Metehan
Published: June 2024

CO2 booster refrigeration systems have higher energy efficiency and are more environmentally friendly. Therefore, the CO2 booster refrigeration cycle with flooded evaporators and parallel compressors (BFP), BFP with mechanical subcooling (BFP-MSC), and BFP with evaporative cooling (BFP-EVC) are investigated for supermarkets in this study. For the first time in the literature, these systems are analyzed to present which system performs better in terms of energy and environmental performance for Türkiye. According to the results of the investigation, BFP-MSC has a better coefficient of performance (COP) values than BFP, with up to a 16.67% increase at equivalent dry bulb temperatures. Meanwhile, BFP-EVC has the lowest annual energy consumption (AEC) in each city, followed by BFP-MSC and then BFP. Annual savings obtained by BFP-EVC over BFP vary between 10.81% to 25.47%. Additionally, BFP-EVC offers more substantial savings in cities with lower humidity levels, as it was analyzed with respect to wet bulb temperatures.
RÜZGAR ENERJİSİ GÜÇ YOĞUNLUĞU TAHMİNİNDE OPTİMUM WEİBULL OLASILIK DAĞILIM PARAMETRELERİNİN ELDE EDİLMESİ İÇİN İSTATİSTİK, MATEMATİK VE FİZİK TABANLI ALGORİTMALARIN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ: LORAS VE FOÇA ÖRNEKLERİ
Authors: Köse Bayram , Telkenaroğlu Bekir Can , Demirtürk Bahar
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, genellikle elektrik enerjisi üretiminde tercih edilen rüzgar enerjisinin fizibilite ve verimlilik çalışmalarında kullanılan Weibull olasılık dağılım fonksiyonunun k ve c parametrelerinin, Isıl İşlem Algoritması(SA) ve Genelleştirilmiş İndirgenmiş Gradyan Algoritması(GRG) ile tahminlemesi yapılmıştır. Fonksiyon parametreleri ayrıca klasik sayısal yöntemlerden En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi(LMS), Justus Ampirik Moment Metodu(EMJ) ve Lysen Ampirik Moment(EML) Metodu ile tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuçlar kıyaslanırken belirlilik(determinasyon) katsayısı, hata kareleri ortalamasının karekökü(RMSE) ve ki-kare dağılımı(χ^2) kriterlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Tahminlenen şekil ve ölçek parametresiyle rüzgar hız frekans dağılımları hesaplanarak ölçüm sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Genelleştirilmiş İndirgenmiş Gradyan Algoritmasının klasik sayısal yöntemlere göre Loras gözlem istasyonunda 0.0182 RMSE, 0.8473 belirlilik katsayısı, ve 0.0079 χ^2 değeri ile, Foça gözlem istasyonunda da 0.0066 RMSE, 0.9793 belirlilik katsayısı, ve 0.0011 χ^2 değeri ile daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.