bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wittgenstein jako filozof kultury
Authors: Dehnel Piotr
Published: December 2020

The paper raises the question of the extent to which Wittgenstein’s philosophy can be read as a philosophy of culture. The answer aims at grasping the conceptual bonds between three aspects of Wittgenstein’s thought: first, his taking both language and thinking to be expressions of a ‘form of life’ (or culture); second, his taking philosophical theories to result from some disorders that occur in ‘language games’; and third, his critique and rejection of the scientific and technical civilization. The paper advances the thesis that the task of bringing words back from their metaphysical to their everyday use – recommended by Wittgenstein – can be understood as a critique of scientism and culture dominated by scientific and technical rationality.
Planowanie duszpasterskie Kościoła w Polsce na przykładzie programu Przez Chrystusa, z Chrystusem, w Chrystusie. Przez wiarę i chrzest do świadectwa (2013–2017)
Authors: Tutak Mateusz , Wielebski Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Jan Paweł II w liście Novo millenio ineunte (2001) zachęcał Kościół, aby „program zawarty w Ewangelii i w żywej Tradycji […] znalazł wyraz we wskazaniach duszpasterskich dosto sowanych do sytuacji każdej wspólnoty” (29). Z kolei Dyrektorium o pasterskiej posłudze biskupów Apostolorum Succesores (2004) apeluje, aby działalność apostolska w diecezji była odpowiednio zorganizowana, zgodnie „z programem czy planem duszpasterskim, którego opracowanie domaga się uprzedniej analizy warunków socjalnych w których żyją wierni, tak aby działalność duszpasterska była coraz bardziej skuteczna” (AS 165). Dokument zauważa także konieczność opracowania na poziomie parafi alnym programu inicjatyw związanych z opieką duszpasterską, który określi sposoby ich realizacji (AS 212). Celem artykułu jest pokazanie tego, jak wygląda planowanie duszpasterskie Kościoła w Polsce, na przykładzie realizowanego w latach 2013–2017 ogólnopolskiego programu duszpasterskiego Przez Chrystusa, z Chrystusem, w Chrystusie. Przez wiarę i chrzest do świadectwa (2013–2107). Autorzy artykułu, wykorzystując ankietę internetową (online survey), przeprowadzili we wrześniu 2017 roku badania wśród polskich proboszczów, prosząc ich o ocenę istoty, sposobu przygotowania, treści, propagowania oraz realizacji wspomnianego programu duszpasterskiego. W swoim artykule przedstawiają oni wybrane wyniki badań, poprzedzając je ukazaniem teologicznychpodstaw planowania duszpasterskiego, a kończąc sformułowaniem wniosków i postulatów pastoralnych.
Visual Identity and the Queer Aesthetics of Passing
Authors: Weldy Lance
Published: December 2020

The theatricality of passing as heterosexual in the face of legislative, medicalized, and stigmatized homophobia serves as the primary lens through which I analyse three European, gay coming-out films from the 1990s. In all three films – the Swedish-Norwegian film Sebastian (När alla vet, 1995), and two British films Beautiful Thing (1996) and Get Real (1998) – the physical bodies of the white protagonists complicate normative binaries and stereotypical queer aesthetics ascribed to homosexuals in the late 20th century. Specifically, these three films serve as cultural artifacts about the time period, lending insight into how late 20th-century governmentsfrom the two regions treated the homosexual experience through the implementation of legislative, medicalized measures, specifically regarding HIV/AIDS.
Phototherapy Improves Muscle Recovery and Does Not Impair Repeated Bout Effect in Plyometric Exercise
Authors: Padoin Susana , Zeffa Aline C. , Molina Corrêa Julio C. , de Angelis Tarlyson R. , Moreira Thuany B. , Barazetti Lilian K. , de Paula Ramos Solange
Published: December 2020

Padoin, S, Zeffa, AC, Molina Corrêa, JC, de Angelis, TR, Moreira, TB, Barazetti, LK, and de Paula Ramos, S. Phototherapy improves muscle recovery and does not impair repeated bout effect in plyometric exercise. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3301–3310, 2022—The effects of photobiomodulation with red (630 nm) and near-infrared (940 nm) light wavelengths were investigated on the inhibition of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and adaptation to the repeated bout effect (RBE). Twenty-eight healthy men were randomized to receive light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT) at 630 nm (4.6 J·cm−2, 97 J energy), LEDT at 940 nm (4.6 J·cm−2, 114 J), or placebo. After LEDT or placebo treatment, subjects performed 100 drop-jumps (5 sets of 20 repetitions). Creatine kinase, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), countermovement jump (CMJ), and squat jump (SJ) were assessed before, immediately after, and 24, 48, and 72 hours after the bout. After 14 days, the subjects were submitted to the same plyometric exercise, without LEDT, and were evaluated again. Creatine kinase levels increased significantly 72 hours after the first bout in the placebo group in relation to the LEDT 940-nm group (P < 0.01). The LEDT 630-nm group showed a significant increase in SJ at 24 hours (P < 0.05), whereas, at 48 hours, the LEDT 940 nm showed a significant increase compared with the placebo group (P < 0.05). The 2-way analysis of variance revealed an effect for treatment in the SJ (F = 7.12; P = 0.001). No differences were found between groups for DOMS and CMJ after the first bout. After the second bout of exercise, there was no effect of treatment. The results suggest that treatment with LEDT 630 nm and LEDT 940 nm before eccentric exercise attenuates EIMD without impairing RBE.
The Chicago School and City Planning
Authors: Abbott Andrew
Published: December 2020

While sociology and urban planning might seem respectively to represent the theory and the practice of knowledge about cities, their relation has usually been distant. British sociology and urban planning were closely related before 1914, but largely because sociology was not a bounded specialty: community investigation methods were common throughout the British reform world, finding particular and successful application via city planning’s focus on housing and industrial location. In the United States, by contrast, sociology early became a clearly-defined academic discipline, and sociological empirical methods, although widely shared, supported only generalized reform demands, because local planning of housing and industry was politically impossible outside industrial communities. Most prewar city planning aimed at middle-class and aesthetic values rather than socially ameliorative community design. Between the wars, British academic sociology continued to develop slowly, and community sociological investigation fell largely to the rapidly developing profession of city planning, whose success and power culminated in the masterful plans for postwar London. In the United States, by contrast, sociology rapidly evolved towards national survey analysis, distancing itself even further from practical application in city planning. In general, then, the theory and practice of knowledge about cities remained separate in the first half of the twentieth century in Britain and the United States.
California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta as an Exemplary Anthropocene Landscape
Authors: Kraus-Polk Alejo , Fulton Julian
Published: December 2020

Like inhabited deltas worldwide, California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has been intensively and irreversibly transformed by certain human activities. This case study joins research from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta with global discussions about Anthropocene landscapes in general and Anthropocene Deltas in particular, which we understand to be both shaped by people and shaping people. Through engaging with this case study, we expect readers to be able to think about how an evolving Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta exemplifies an Anthropocene landscape and engage with the implications of a pivot away from economic growth and toward sufficiency as a central management objective.
Counteracting Environmental Chemicals with Coenzyme Q10: An Educational Primer for Use with “Antioxidant CoQ10 Restores Fertility by Rescuing Bisphenol A-Induced Oxidative DNA Damage in theCaenorhabditis elegansGermline”
Authors: Bradford Beatrix R , Briand Nicole E , Fassnacht Nina , Gervasio Esabelle D , Nowakowski Aidan M , FitzGibbon Theresa C , Maurina Stephanie , Benjamin Alexis V , Kelly MaryEllen , Checchi Paula M
Published: December 2020

Environmental toxicants are chemicals that negatively affect human health. Although there are numerous ways to limit exposure, the ubiquitous nature of certain environmental toxicants makes it impossible to avoid them entirely. Consequently, scientists are continuously working toward developing strategies for combating their harmful effects. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a model with many genetic and physiological similarities to humans, researchers in the Colaiácovo laboratory have identified several molecular mechanisms by which the toxic agent bisphenol A (BPA) interferes with reproduction. Here, we address their recent discovery that a widely available compound, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), can rescue BPA-induced damage. This work is significant in that it poses a low-cost method for improving reproductive success in humans. The goal of this primer is to assist educators and students with navigating the paper entitled “Antioxidant CoQ10 Restores Fertility by Rescuing Bisphenol A-Induced Oxidative DNA Damage in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline.” It is ideally suited for integration into an upper-level undergraduate course such as Genetics, Cell and Molecular Biology, Developmental Biology, or Toxicology. The primer provides background information on the history of BPA, the utility of the C. elegans germ line as a model for studying reproductive toxicity, and research methods including assessment of programmed cell death, fluorescent microscopy applications, and assays to quantify gene expression. Questions for deeper exploration in-class or online are provided.

Related article in GENETICS: Hornos Carneiro MF, Shin N, Karthikraj R, Barbosa F Jr, Kannan K, Colaiácovo MP. Antioxidant CoQ10 restores fertility by rescuing bisphenol A-induced oxidative DNA damage in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline. Genetics 214:381–395.
The Relationship between Health- and Fitness-Related Social Media Use and Consumers' Disordered Eating
Authors: Schünemeyer Vivienne , Walsh Gianfranco
Published: December 2020

Health-related services shared through social media are enjoying considerable growth, particularly among young people, yet they have potentially detrimental outcomes for consumer well-being. This research undertakes an examination of literature pertaining to health-related social media use in an effort to explore its relationship with disordered eating in particular. In line with objectification theory, Study 1 affirms that viewing images and videos posted on health-related social media is positively associated with the level of people’s disordered eating. Furthermore, Study 2 clarifies that this relationship is mediated, as expected, by social physique anxiety, and it also is unexpectedly moderated by general social media use. That is, the relationship between viewing health-related images and videos and disordered eating is stronger among consumers who exhibit low and medium social media use rather than those with high social media use. The implications of these findings are relevant for both health-related service research and public policy.
Judging a Book by Its Cover: Assessing the Comprehensibility and Perceived Appearance of Sign Language Avatars
Authors: Pauser Sandra , Wagner Udo
Published: December 2020

The use of avatars is gaining popularity in today’s digitalized world. These computer-animated agents not only act as virtual shopping assistants to compensate for the impersonal feel of an online store, but are also frequently employed in gaming and social networking, and have recently served as animated characters for translation in the deaf community. New technological developments (sign language avatars) offer significant advantages for deaf users in daily interactions. This article explores how attitudes towards avatars, and subsequent satisfaction with the design company involved, can be increased through various measures. This experimental study manipulates the physical traits of signing avatars (gender, hairstyle, and dress) and analyses the outcomes in terms of their perceived properties, appearance, and comprehensibility, as well as more direct indicators of success (attitudes towards these avatars and satisfaction with the company). An industry partner cooperated in the empirical study to ensure the external validity of the findings.
Potential phytoremediation of soil cadmium and zinc by diverse ornamental and energy grasses
Authors: Hou Xincun , Teng Wenjun , Hu Yanxia , Yang Zhichen , Li Cui , Scullion John , Guo Qiang , Zheng Ruilun
Published: December 2020

The potential of 32 frequently studied ornamental and/or energy grasses and two cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulators for phytoextraction and phytostabilization was compared by their growth in a historically contaminated soil over a three-month pot experiment. Shoot and root biomasses varied by factors of 14.2 and 62.7, respectively. Mainly due to their large biomass, Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’) and variegated giant reed (Arundo donax var. versicolor) accumulated cadmium and zinc contents in shoots up to 109.3% and 55.4% higher, respectively, than those in the cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulators, despite their lower metal concentrations. Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’ accumulated the most zinc and the third highest cadmium in roots. Bioconcentration factors of cadmium in roots were greater than 1 for 19 grasses. The present study demonstrated that many of these grasses may be suitable for phytostabilization of soil cadmium. Arundo donax var. versicolor exhibited the most potential for phytoextraction of soil zinc, whereas Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’ was best for phytoextraction and phytostabilization of cadmium and phytostabilization of zinc. Ornamental/energy grasses may have greater potentials for soil remediation than hyperaccumulators, especially given their utility and eco-economic benefits. The considerable variation in their performance emphases the value of screening to select the most effective candidates.
Effect of nanosilica and aluminum hydroxide on thermal, flammability, and morphology properties of nanocomposite made of recycled high-density polyethylene and OCC flour
Authors: Samariha Ahmad , Bazyar Behzad
Published: December 2020

Effects of nanosilica and aluminum hydroxide were considered relative to thermal, flammability, and morphological properties of nanocomposites from recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) and old corrugated container (OCC) pulp. Amounts of 50% recycled high-density polyethylene and 50% OCC flour were used. The nanosilica was used at three weight levels of 0%, 5%, and 10%. Lastly, aluminum hydroxide at a constant level of 5% and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene at a constant level of 3% were mixed by twin screw extruders. The samples were made using a hand-press. The thermal and flammability properties were then measured. To consider the structure and function of nanosilica, the morphological characteristics of wood-plastic composites (WPC) were studied by X-ray diffractograms (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The results showed that increasing the nanosilica content up to 10% increased the thermal stability, and more charcoal was retained. Moreover, the limited oxygen index increased. X-ray diffractograms showed that the width and peak intensity decreased with the increased intake of silica nanoparticles. The SEM images showed that more adaptability was achieved through increasing the amount of nanosilica. Additionally, better and more homogenous bonds were observed between the fibers and connection matrix, and fewer gaps and pores were observed.
Neischnocolus iquitos, una especie nueva de Perú (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)
Authors: Kaderka Radan
Published: December 2020

Neischnocolus iquitos sp. nov. from Loreto region, Peru, is described, diagnosed and figured. Males of N. iquitos sp. nov. differ from all known congeners in the presence of two retrolateral processes on palpal tibia, in combination with the presence of a retrolateral keel on embolus and the absence of granulation or microspikes on embolus or tegulum. Females of N. iquitos sp. nov. differ from all known Neischnocolus females in the morphology of the genitalia consisting of a lower sclerotized part with two short, separate seminal receptacles, and an upper part, which is transparent and notched.

________________________________________________________________Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4854FB77-99B5-4208-9394-DBA7BB5EC64FActo nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Neischnocolus iquitos Kaderka, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F5FB8A3E-922A-47AC-B5B2-B575C206B39D________________________________________________________________
Some Aspects of State-Building Processes in Carpathian Ukraine on the Eve of the Second World War
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Vehesh Mykola , Vidnyanskyj Stepan
Published: December 2020

Autonomous Subcarpathian Rus’, and subsequently independent Carpathian Ukraine, existed for an extremely short period of time: from October 1938 to the second half of March, 1939. Despite this fact, there was such a rapid development of political events in the country that the attention of the whole world was drawn to Carpathian Ukraine. This also applies to the researchers who, at the end of the 1930s, began to study the history of Carpathian Ukraine. The declaration of independence on March 14, 1939 was explained by the desire of the Ukrainian population of the region for freedom. However, the disintegration of Czechoslovakia and the declaration of independence by Slovakia were also of great importance for this act. Despite some spontaneity and haste, this historical event in the life of not only Transcarpathian Ukrainians, but of the entire Ukrainian people was of great historical importance. After January 21, 1919, it was the second attempt to declare to the whole world that Ukrainian nation is alive and ready for state life. Although this act of declaration of independence, ratified on March 15, 1939 at the Soim of Carpathian Ukraine, was more symbolic than real politics, it played a large role in forming the self-consciousness of the entire Ukrainian nation. It was during the period of Carpathian Ukraine that a kind of transition from consciousness of Transcarpathian Ruthenians to Transcarpathian Ukrainians ended. In the late 1930s, Carpathian Ukraine was the only state where a small branch of the Ukrainian people proclaimed their independence and declared their desire to live a state life. The Ukrainians who were part of the USSR, as well as the Ukrainians under the control of Poland and Romania didn’t have such opportunity. However, they treated Carpathian Ukraine as an area where an attempt was made to restore Ukrainian statehood. On this basis, it is necessary to consider the formation of the Carpatho-Ukrainian state as the second stage – after the liberation contest of 1918–20’s – in the struggle for the creation of Ukrainian state formation on a separate Ukrainian territory
UTILIZATION OF TANNIC ACID BY BACTERIA IN TROPICAL AQUATIC AND SOIL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Olumuyiwa Emmanuel , Amund Olukayode , Ilori Matthew , Schmidt Stefan
Published: December 2020

Two bacterial strains designated as EO1 and EO2, were isolated by selective culture enrichment from Lagos lagoon water and mangrove soil samples. They were subsequently identified based on morphological and physiological characteristics as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Klebsiella pneumoniae strain EO1 and Pantoea cypripedii strain EO2 with accession numbers KX355800 and KX355801. Microbial growth assessment was performed in triplicates under aerobic batch conditions. The two isolates were capable of utilizing tannic acid, gallic acid, glucose, succinate, benzoic acid, and protocatechuic acid as sole carbon sources. Growth experiments along with enzymatic studies indicated that the organisms hydrolyzed tannic acid through gallic acid and pyrogallol as metabolic intermediates. The organisms have potential for the elimination of polyphenolic pollutants such as gallotannins associated with wood residues in Nigerian estuarine environments.
SURVIVAL ASSESSMENT OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA WITH ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TRAITS FROM FRESH SUMMER ROYAL GRAPE: IN VITRO MICROBIAL CHALLENGE TEST
Authors: Akter Taslima , Shahriar Asif , Alo Mahenaj , Rahman Tasmina , Emran Talha Bin
Published: December 2020

Table grape act as a popular and mouthwatering fruit supplement over the world. Unhygienic handling of these fruits can possess a diverse threat to public health safety. Moreover, the fruit juice can serve as a nutrient for bacterial growth as well if kept in an unsanitary condition. For this purpose, five imported grape samples (Red Globe, Perlette, Calmeria, Princess and Summer Royal) were tested to assess the presence of pathogenic bacteria and drug-resistant pattern of the isolates. The total bacterial count (TBC) and total fungal count (TFC) showed the presence large amount of bacterial (ranged from 4.4 x 104 to 8.1 x 107) and fungal population on the grapes samples, especially on the skin part of the fruits. Several pathogenic isolates, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from tested grape samples. However, the presence of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio spp. and Klebsiella spp. were not found from any of the samples. The concerning part of the present study was drug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from supplied Fresh Summer Royal Grape. The most of the isolated bacterial spp. were resistant to all most all of the commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin (10 µg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (25 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), ceftriaxone (30 µg), imipenem (10 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), azithromycin (15 µg), novobiocin (30 µg), vancomycin (30 µg), penicillin G (10 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg), neomycin (30 µg), levofloxacin (5 µg), kanamycin (30 µg) and cefiximycin (5 µg). No grape samples showed any kind of antimicrobial activity against both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. The survival pattern of inoculated bacterial samples in the grape sample showed a slight decrease in growth in the course of time.
DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-AGING AND CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS FROM CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM
Authors: Wanakhachornkrai Oraphan , Banglao Warunya , Thongmee Acharawan , Sukplang Patamaporn
Published: December 2020

Antioxidant activity, anti-aging effects and cytotoxicity activity of cinnamon essential oils from Cinnamomum zeylanicum were investigated in this study. The antioxidant activities of the cinnamon essential oil at the concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). The inhibitory activities against collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase were evaluated for anti-aging effects. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH and ABTS assays varied from 4.91 - 28.74% and 4.96 - 50.17%, respectively.  In addition, cinnamon essential oil at all concentrations tested (100, 200, 500, and 1000 µg/mL) inhibited tyrosinase activity by 61.68 - 93.12 %, collagenase activity by 2.83 - 30.28 % and elastase activity by 4.37 - 33.92 %.  The cytotoxicity activity determined by the diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that the cinnamon essential oil at the concentration less than 100 µg/mL did not exhibit cytotoxicity activity on human fibroblast cells while the percentage of cell viability decreased when exposed to this oil at the concentration higher than 150 µg/mL. These results demonstrated that the cinnamon essential oil has antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, collagenase inhibitory, and elastase inhibitory activities. In addition, cinnamon essential oil at each effective concentration did not show any toxicity when tested on normal human fibroblast cell. Therefore, this essential oil could be a potential candidate for cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, pH AND ESSENTIAL OILS ON THE MYCELIAL GROWTH OF RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI Kühn (CANTHARELLALES: CERATOBASIDIACEAE) ISOLATES
Authors: Kotba Imad , Bouaichi Abdelaaziz , Lougraimzi Hanane , Habbadi Khaoula , Errifi Azeddine , Touhami Amina Ouazzani , Douira Allal , Achbani El Hassan
Published: December 2020

This research aimed to study diversity among a collection of Rhizoctonia solani strains, isolated from many crops in Morocco, based on radial mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at different pH and temperature levels. The in vitro antifungal efficacy of essential oils (EOs) derived from aromatic and medicinal plants of Thymus vulgaris, Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Eucalyptus sp., Salvia sp., Cistus ladanifer and Lavandula stoechas was also evaluated by measuring the mycelial growth of this plant pathogenic fungus after placing active mycelial plugs of each strain on Petri dishes using a disc diffusion method of EOs. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each EO was also determined. The growth rates observed under different temperatures and pH levels varied among isolates and did not show similar responses for the same levels of the two growth parameters. However, the maximum mycelial growth of the majority of isolates was reached between 20 and 30°C as well as at pH 7. Among the EOs tested, the results revealed that EO of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum compactum were very effective on controlling R. solani strain RS1 with growth inhibition rate of 75,9% and 60,6%, respectively. The MIC of these EOs was at 0.03%. According to the gas chromatography analysis, Carvacrol (61.8%) and thymol (47.8%) are the major constituents of O. compactum and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively, suggesting that these natural compounds have important potential to control R. solani and could be useful for developing effective organic fungicides.
Números Híbridos de Fibonacci e Pell
Authors: Mangueira Milena Carolina Santos , Alves Francisco Régis Vieira
Published: December 2020

Na matemática existem diversos tipos de sequências onde a mais estudada e analisada é a sequência de Fibonacci e, também, a sequência de Pell. Por serem bastante estudadas, já existem diversas propriedades em torno destas sequências. Neste artigo, utilizaremos a definição dos números híbridos nas sequências recorrente e apresentaremos o número híbrido de Fibonacci e Pell, como será sua definição, sua equação característica, forma matricial e afins. Os números híbridos é uma parte da matemática onde não se obtém muita informação. Por isso, o artigo é baseado em autores que já produziram algo relacionado.
Palavras-chave: Números Híbridos; Sequência de Fibonacci; Sequência de Pell.
Ultrasound methods of imaging atherosclerotic plaque in carotid arteries: examinations using contrast agents
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, Fedak Andrzej , Chrzan Robert ,   Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, Chukwu Ositadima ,   Student Science Club, Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, Urbanik Andrzej ,   Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Published: December 2020

The primary technique for detecting the presence and monitoring the development of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is ultrasound. The development of ultrasound techniques has made it possible to precisely visualise not only blood flow, but also vessel walls, including atherosclerotic plaque. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination enables one to make an objective observation of atherosclerotic plaque neovascularisation, clearly indicating active inflammation, which is an inherent feature of vulnerable (unstable) plaque. Depending on the examination method used, it is possible to precisely visualise different components of the plaque and its behaviour during blood flow through the vessel lumen or through the neovessels of the plaque, and, consequently, determine the possible presence of inflammation, which is a defining feature of plaque stability. The full utilisation of physical phenomena that underlie contrast-enhanced ultrasound will bring further enormous progress of diagnostic and probably also therapeutic methods for carotid atherosclerosis. The selection of the right examination method significantly accelerates diagnosis and adequate classification of plaque, and makes it possible to monitor the progression of atherosclerosis. However, one needs to bear in mind that ultrasound remains a very subjective method. The success of contrast-enhanced ultrasound also depends on the skills and experience of the examiner. Current attempts at increasing the objectivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination using artificial intelligence will make it possible in the future to make a definitive evaluation of atherosclerotic plaque stability. This will allow one to assess the risk of ischaemic stroke adequately.
Ultrasonography in the diagnosis and monitoring of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome
Authors:   Ultrasound Self-Study Club, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, Smereczyński Andrzej , Kołaczyk Katarzyna ,   Ultrasound Self-Study Club, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, Bernatowicz Elżbieta ,   Ultrasound Self-Study Club, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Published: December 2020

Despite their considerable clinical significance, intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome are rarely discussed in the context of ultrasonography. They occur in critically ill patients, usually hospitalized in intensive care units. Early diagnosis of these conditions is of key importance for prognosis as it allows for proper treatment and prevents high mortality. Although there are various methods for the assessment of intra-abdominal pressure, a measurement using a sensor-equipped catheter placed in the bladder is the gold standard. However, this technique does not allow to identify the etiology of the problem, which is usually resolved by analyzing patient’s clinical data supported by imaging findings. Computed tomography is most often used for this purpose. Recent years have proved that point-of-care ultrasonography is also useful in this respect. This issue has become the basis for developing this review paper, which describes the opinion of the experts of the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome on the nomenclature, classification and diagnosis of intra-abdominal hypertension. We also presented preliminary data on the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and monitoring of intra-abdominal hypertension and the contribution of this modality to the choice of appropriate treatment for patients presenting with this clinical condition. A multi-center study used point-of-care ultrasonography to assess the position of a g-tube in the stomach and its contents, intraluminal content status and bowel motor function, the monitoring of gastric drainage and forced intestinal evacuation, the presence of ascites and ascitic status without and after paracentesis. Even when simplified, the method was found to be very useful.
Maize hybrid and nutrient specific evaluation of the population dynamics and damage of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera LeConte) in a long-term field experiment
Authors: Illés Árpád , Bojtor Csaba , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Nasir , Csaba Marton L. , Ragán Péter , Nagy János
Published: December 2020

Agricultural production is threatened by different invasive species, as their damage results in a serious loss of income. The aim of the research was the assessment of the swarming dynamics and damage of the western corn rootworm (WCR) adults and larvae. The experiment was carried out in monoculture fertilization long-term experiments and three maize hybrids compared for their reaction against WCR adult and larval damage under non-infested plots at different nitrogen levels. Differences among the hybrids have a lower effect on the damage of corn rootworm adults and larvae than the amount of applied nitrogen. The phosphorus-potassium are optimal levels, while nitrogen ranges from 0 to 300 kg and no nutrient supply took place in the control plots for 30 years. The number of adults located and feeding on the styles of the female flower recorded and the damage caused on the roots by larvae ranked on a modified Iowa scale. Nitrogen fertilization resulted in a change in the silking time. The lowest root damage observed in the case of the high nutrient treatment with an Iowa value of 3.18. The coincidence of the nourishment of adults and the egg-laying time with silking is a potential threat in terms of fertility. Based on the results, it found that the extent of root damage can be reduced through the optimal selection of the time and dose of nutrient supply, primarily that of nitrogen. In general, both larvae and adults can cause severe yield loss, but the method of control against them is different. The coincidence of the nourishment of adults and the egg-laying time with silking is a potential threat in terms of fertility.
Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from Tokaji Aszú marc using response surface methodology
Authors: Bánvölgyi Szilvia , Dusza Eszter , Namukwambi Fiina K. , Kiss István , Stefanovits-Bányai Éva , Vatai Gyula
Published: December 2020

Similarly to other industries wineries also increasingly attempt to minimize and utilize waste to protect our environment. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal parameters (temperature, solvent concentration, and time) of extracting total polyphenol content (TPC) from Tokaji Aszú marc using two different extraction solvents: ethanol–water and isopropanol–water (1:4 solid/liquid ratio). The extractions were achieved based on Central Composite Design with Response Surface Method (CCRD–RSM). The optimal extraction parameters in the case of ethanol–water solvent: 60 °C temperature, 59.5% ethanol concentration in solvent, 5 h. At these parameters the probable TPC concentration is 23966.2 uM GAE/L. The optimal extraction parameters in the case of isopropanol–water solvent: 60 °C temperature, 52% ethanol concentration in solvent, 5 h. At these parameters the probable TPC concentration is 7188.44 uM GAE/L. In both cases the binary solvent was better than the mono-solvent. Ethanol–water solvent was more efficient than the isopropanol–water solvent.
Effect of perforation packaging on quality of fresh-cut carrot during storage
Authors: Dam Mai Sao , Nguyen Lien Le Phuong , Zsom Tamás , Hitka Géza , Zeke Ildikó Csilla , Friedrich László
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of packaging perforation on quality of carrot slices during cold storage at 5 °C. Polyethylene bags with different number of perforations (3, 4, and 6) were used in this experiment. Headspace oxygen concentration, respiration, weight loss, surface color, firmness, pH, and soluble solid content were examined throughout storage. It was observed, that all the investigated packaging were effective in maintaining the quality of carrot slices compared to the control. There was no symptom of decay until 12 days. In addition, pH, soluble solid content, and firmness showed nonsignificant change. Moreover, weight loss of packed carrot slices was below 2% after 12 days of storage. Packed carrot had better appearance at the end of experiment (12 days) than that of control.
Evaluation of lablab bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) sprout milk fortificated with eggshell extracted calcium
Authors: Tjandra Nugraha David , Bata Fransiscus Sabatino
Published: December 2020

Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet is a common bean in Asia. High protein content and similar amino acid composition with soybean makes good substitutes against dependency on imported products in Asian countries. One example of a bean product is vegetable milk. Fortification is executed to create a product, which compels our diet. Many people experience low protein and mineral intake from food. Fortification of plant origin products utilizing food waste by-products, namely eggshell waste by-product, may give an opportunity on this field. Milk created using beans is processed immediately. However, physiological process (germination) is capable of increasing its nutrition quality. This research focuses on variation of germination time: 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. Protein digestibility is selected as the main parameter to consider the time. Protein, and mineral content, pH, and total soluble solid content of the milk are analyzed. Germination time of 36 h establishes sprout with digestible protein of 13.36 ± 0.59 g/100 g, milk protein content of 7.21 ± 0.06 g/100 g, pH of 6.74 ± 0.17, and total soluble solid content of 19.0 brix. The addition of eggshell extracted calcium as calcium fortification is 2% w/v, which resulted in mineral content of 276 ± 0.13 mg/100 g.
Betalains, total polyphenols, and antioxidant contents in red beetroot peel (Cylindra type)
Authors: Zin Moh Moh , Borda Fruzsina , Márki Edit , Bánvölgyi Szilvia
Published: December 2020

Since significant percentage of fruits and vegetables go to waste during processing, investigation of how to improve the valuable products of extraction from the wastes is an undeniably effective way to save the planet. Beetroot (root, peel, and stalk) is a chief source of natural betalain color compounds and phenolic compounds with copious radical scavenging activity. The major emphasis of this work is to optimize process variables which are extraction time (10–60 min), operating temperature (20–50 °C), and aqueous ethanol solvent with the concentration of (25–75%) for effective extraction of valuable compounds such as betalains, total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity from beetroot peel. Spectrophotometric analysis was applied for quantification of those compounds. Amongst which, lowest solvent concentration (25% v/v) together with the highest temperature (50 °C) and extraction time (50 min) brought yielded higher results. The process optimization was carried out using Design Expert (11.0.3) statistical software. Overall, it can be noted that extraction process can be improved by controlling operating time and temperature, avoiding unnecessary overuse of costly solvent.
Effect of grafting on the quality and apperance of eggplant fruit
Authors: Mozafarian Maryam , Kappel Noemi
Published: December 2020

Grafting is a connection of two plant tissues, which are forced to develop vascular connection and grow as a single plant. Vegetable grafting has been used in Solanaceae family and Cucurbitaceae family for several reasons e.g. increasing tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses, improving plant growth and yield. Fruit quality and appearance of vegetables may be influenced by grafting methods. Researchers have found contradictory results of fruit quality and appearance even in eggplant grafting due to different production environments, types of rootstock/scion combinations. In current review, we summarise available information on the effects of grafting and different rootstocks on eggplant fruit quality.
S. Brent Plate (ed.), Film and Religion: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies.
Authors: Kozlovic Anton Karl
Published: December 2020

S. Brent Plate (ed.), Film and Religion: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2017, Vol. I: pp. xx + 288, Vol. II: pp. viii + 264, Vol. III: pp. ix + 316, Vol. IV: pp. xi + 349. ISBN 978-1-138-64749-7 (Set, hbk).
Sarah Iles Johnston, The Story of Myth.
Authors: Roe Sophie
Published: December 2020

Sarah Iles Johnston, The Story of Myth. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018, pp. x + 374. ISBN: 9780674185074 (hbk). $45.00/£36.95/€40.50.
Shahab Ahmed and the Hermeneutics of Islam
Authors: Milani Milad
Published: December 2020

In the posthumously published book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (2016), Shahab Ahmed (1966–2015) presented a new conceptualisation of Islam to address two points: to re-conceptualise Islam in terms of contradiction, and re-present what it meant to be Islamic as a challenge to existing conceptualisations. This article argues that Ahmed’s rethinking of Islam/Islamic is properly situated as a revivalist catholic hermeneutics, and as such, his conceptualisation is a reworking of insider discourse writ large. It further examines Ahmed’s hermeneutics through a Heideggerian lens.
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Subsequent to Peri-Implantitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Seki Keisuke , Namaki Shunsuke , Kamimoto Atsushi , Hagiwara Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2020

The aim of this report was to document a rare case of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) that developed around the already osseointegrated implants in the maxillary right molar region. A 73-year-old woman presented at our university dental hospital in May 2017 with a chief complaint of discomfort near a maxillary implant. Her first visit was in 2006, and the maintenance treatment began in 2007 after the periodontal treatment. During the implant maintenance period there were no complications; however, the patient began taking alendronate sodium hydrate (Fosamac tablets, 35 mg, once weekly), an oral bisphosphonate (BP) since 2013, for treatment of osteoporosis. Eight years after starting implant maintenance, in 2016, peri-implantitis occurred, for which mechanical cleaning and antimicrobial therapy were performed. Peri-implantitis symptoms disappeared, and the medical condition improved. Nonetheless, in 2017, MRONJ developed 4 years after she commenced taking the BP. The patient underwent implant removal and sequestrectomy. There was no postoperative recurrence. Since it was such a rare case, we performed a literature review but only discovered a few similar cases. Because various triggers may lead to the development of MRONJ, even if already osseointegrated implant, it is important to note that implants in patients taking BPs should be more carefully maintained.
Can Implant-Retained Fixed Prostheses Trigger Bone Response in the Posterior Region of Edentulous Mandibles? A 32-Month Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography Study Analyzing Bone Height and Density
Authors: Fontão Flávia Noemy Gasparini Kiatake , Bittencourt Dercelino , Melo Ana Cláudia Moreira , Acântara Paola Rebellato , da Rosa Possebon Anna Paula , Faot Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Research has shown that the presence of implants can revert bone resorption and thus contribute to a greater preservation of the residual bone ridge, especially in edentulous mandibles. Bone remodeling has yet to be extensively studied in the context of prosthetic options for edentulous arches. This study aims to evaluate the long-term behavior of bone tissue in the posterior region of edentulous mandibles rehabilitated with implant-retained fixed prostheses using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Selected individuals were rehabilitated with 5 external hexagon platform implants and an implant-retained fixed prosthesis. The CBCT scans were performed immediately after surgery and after 8, 22, and 32 months (T0, T8, T22, and T32, respectively). Implants were installed between the mental foramen. Subsequently, bone crest height and density were measured in the posterior region of the mandible on the images in 3 distinct areas at 5, 10, and 15 mm from the center of the distal implant axis. Analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test were used for multiple analyses. The results indicate a statistically significant difference in bone height between T0 and all subsequent times; the bone height at T32 was 8.85% higher than at T0 (P = .05). There was a difference in bone height between all analyzed regions. The bone growth difference between the 5-mm and 15-mm positions was 28.42% after 32 months (P = .00). A significant increase of 5.76% in bone density was observed between T0 and T22 (P = .03). Within the limitations of this study (sample size, follow-up duration), it was demonstrated that the use of implant-retained fixed prostheses in the mandible resulted in qualitative and quantitative bone growth (bone preservation) in the posterior region of the mandible. Further research is needed to identify the validity of our findings for other populations and to determine the duration of the bone-remodeling process in rehabilitated edentulous mandibles.
Dental Implant–Supported Prosthetic Rehabilitation With Custom Attachment in a Patient With Partial Maxillectomy Defect Because of Osteosarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Ikbal Leblebicioglu Kurtulus , Emrah Soylu , Kerem Kilic
Published: December 2020

Prosthetic rehabilitation in maxillectomy patients aims to separate the oral and nasal cavities to provide adequate articulation, restore the contour of the midface, and provide acceptable aesthetic results. This clinical case report describes prosthetic rehabilitation via placement of dental implants in the zygomatic bone in a patient who underwent partial maxillectomy because of osteosarcoma. The success of obturator placement after maxillectomy requires retention by the surrounding dental tissue or dental implants. When zygomatic implants cannot be used, dental implants placed in the zygomatic bone and attachments fastened to these implants can easily provide the retention and stability required by the obturator.
The Evaluation of Different Osteotomy Drilling Speed Protocols on Cortical Bone Temperature, Implant Stability and Bone Healing: An Experimental Study in an Animal Model
Authors: Ozcan Mustafa , Salimov Fariz , Temmerman Andy , Turer Onur Ucak , Alkaya Bahar , Haytac Mehmet Cenk
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to measure the effect of drilling speed on heat generation in the cortical bone, on primary and secondary implant stability of implants and on early and late bone healing with micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). Sixty implants were placed in the iliac crest of 6 sheep in order to form 5 different drilling protocols: 50 rpm without saline cooling, and 400, 800, 1200, and 2000 rpm with saline cooling. Simultaneous cortical bone temperature and primary stability at the time of placement; secondary stability and the ratio between relative bone and tissue volume (BV/TV) in 2D and 3D in micro-CT analysis were evaluated after 4 and 8 weeks. The 50-rpm group had the highest cortical bone temperature and the longest operation duration with the highest primary stability. Slightly higher values of secondary stability (T2) and subsequent 2D and 3D BV/TV values were found in 1200 rpm with irrigation at 8 weeks. All groups had sufficient ISQ values at 8 weeks for loading although the micro-CT analysis showed varying percentages of bone tissue around implants. The influence of drill speed for implant osteotomy and its irrigation is minimal when it comes to changes in temperature of the cortical bone, primary and secondary implant stability, and BV/TV.