bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biografias Científicas com vistas à Inserção Didática: aportes da História e da História da Ciência
Authors: Hidalgo Juliana Mesquita , Queiroz Daniel De Medeiros
Published: August 2020

ResumoO presente trabalho visa contribuir com a fundamentação teórica para a escrita de biografias científicas com fins didáticos. O gênero biográfico é um legítimo foro de “humanização” do conhecimento científico, um dos papéis centrais da inserção didática da História da Ciência. Recortes biográficos que não representem os cientistas com caráter sobre-humano, escritos não como absoluta verdade, e sim como história interpretada, podem ser úteis no contexto educacional. Sugerimos a escrita de recortes biográficos destinados à educação científica que considere os novos aportes do gênero, isto é, à luz de fundamentos historiográficos atualizados. São apresentados subsídios da área disciplinar História, a exemplo da perspectiva de história-problema, e subsídios da História da Ciência, em objeção às biografias laudatórias.Palavras-chave: Biografia Científica; Gênero Biográfico; Historiografia.AbstractThis paper aims to contribute for the theoretical foundation concerning the writing of scientific biographies for didactic purposes. Biographical genre is a legitimate forum “to humanize” the scientific knowledge, one of the central roles of the didactic insertion of the History of Science. Biographical fragments not representative of scientists as “superhuman” and written as interpreted history, may be useful in the educational context. We suggest the writing of biographical fragments for science education that consider the new contributions of the genre, in other words, in light of historiographical foundations currently accepted. Subsidies from the disciplinary area History are presented, such as the perspective of history as problem, and subsidies from History of Science, in objection to laudatory biographies.Keywords: Scientific Biography; Biographical Genre; Historiography.
Ensino de Inglês para fins específicos: um estudo sobre os recursos tecnológicos e metodológicos do curso ESP-T para profissionais da saúde
Authors: Di Lacerda Jacqueline Rose , Figueiredo Francisco José Quaresma de
Published: August 2020

Esta pesquisa qualitativa objetivou analisar o curso esp-t da plataforma online Erasmus destinado a profissionais da saúde. Foram investigados os aspectos tecnológicos e metodológicos, através de uma análise comparativa dos recursos de TDICs e da metodologia empregados nesse curso com os critérios elencados nos quadros referenciais de Doughty e Long (2003) e Basturkmen (2006, 2010). O curso de IFE esp-t foi selecionado por ser disponibilizado online e gratuitamente para profissionais da saúde que buscam aprimoramento linguístico para fins de obtenção de certificação. A primeira pesquisadora matriculou-se nesse curso e desenvolveu um diário reflexivo, composto por anotações pessoais e capturas de tela do curso frequentado. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com base nos quadros referenciais, e os resultados mostraram que, apesar de a plataforma ter o potencial para a utilização de atividades interativas, há um predomínio de atividades que visem ao aprimoramento de habilidades linguísticas de leitura e de compreensão oral.
ANALISIS FRAMING "AKSI BELA ISLAM" SEBAGAI DAKWAH ISLAM DI RIAU POS
Authors: Riauan Muhd Ar. Imam , Aziz Abdul , Nurman Nurman
Published: August 2020

This article aims to examine how the representation of Action to Defend Islam in Riau Pos newspaper. Action to Defend Islam shows peaceful action of Muslims which contains messages of da'wah. This study uses qualitative content analysis by Robert N. Entman's model. The news examined was published during the action on 14 October 2017 until 5 May 2017 in the Riau Pos newspaper. The results of this study shows that the Action to Defend Islam contains the message of da'wah to carry out mass actions in peace and ordered; action to defend Alquran; action to obey the leader; and action to strengthen brotherhood among Muslims.
PARADOKS KOMUNIKASI-DAKWAH FUNDAMENTALIS SALAFI: KASUS MASJID NURUL JAM’IYAH JAMBI
Authors: Adeni Adeni
Published: August 2020

This article aims to analyze the dawa-communication paradoxes of the salafi-fundamentalits by questioning of what is the da’wah form of salafi-fundamentalist, so it is often labeled as intolerant and the term of fundamentalism is accused of being negative? The study focuses on the case of Masjid Nurul Jami’yyah, Jambi. By using qualitative research conducted with interview, observation and documentation, this paper concludes that da’wah of the salafi group is strickly and rigidly done. They are using the top-down communication approach as a seculer model of communication that tend to force da’wah recipients, and ignoiring the Islamic communication model emphasizing egalitarianism and two ways communication giving the recipient the freedom to accept or reject the da’wah message. The paradox of the salafi dawah lies not in the character or substansce of fundamentalism that they stand for, but in the way of da’wa-communication they use. The term of fundamentalism has absolutely no problem in a person’s religious context. Conversely, improper preaching can make the term fundamentalism being negative.
Health Information: Applications and challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lloyd Sheree , Walker Sue M , Goswami Ani
Published: August 2020

Global health systems are under immense pressure with the exponential growth and spread of COVID-19.  Public health and health system responses to the pandemic have relied on health information reporting, visualisation, and projections of incidence, morbidity, and mortality. This commentary aims to explore how health information has been used to inform the public, manage risk, understand capacity, prepare the health system and to plan public health strategy.  We also aim to share the health information challenges and our insights to inform future debate and strategic investment.  This paper will be relevant to health service and health information managers wanting to understand vulnerabilities and focus for future health information initiatives.
In This Issue
Authors: Briggs David
Published: August 2020

Readers should be aware that this Special Covid Issue was not a planned or promoted issue but has been published as a direct result of authors submitting articles on the topic. In fact, some 17 articles were submitted with 13 articles being published. This represents articles predominantly from Asia Pacific countries, some eleven countries that reflect both the authors origin and the health system of the country on which they report.

The decision to publish what amounts to a third issue half way through our normal three issue annual series responds to that demand and a sense that the APJHM should respond to our authors and readers in what is a significant moment in health systems globally. The Journal believes it is important to record the pandemic event as perceived by academics and health professionals so that their voices are heard and that this might provide a basis for further research and publication as events unfurl and the pandemic continues.....
Library Bulletin Special Issue: Updated COVID-19 Resources
Authors: Liu Yaping
Published: August 2020

Library Bulletin Special Issue on COVID-19 topics includes prevention, diagnosis, treatment, health services and more....
Eins werden
Authors: Bürgisser Herbert , Lengen Tobias , Meyer Jörg
Published: August 2020

Wie kam es dazu, dass sich eine Ausbildungsstätte und ein Verband der Arbeitswelt im Gesundheitswesen zusammenschlossen? Wie führt man zwei Organisationen zusammen, die sehr verschieden sind und eine unterschiedliche Geschichte und Kultur haben? In diesem Buch wird der Zusammenführungsprozess der Höheren Fachschule Gesundheit Zentralschweiz (HFGZ) mit der Zentralschweizer Interessengemeinschaft der Gesundheitsberufe (ZIGG) ausführlich geschildert. Aus der Sicht der Leitungspersonen und mit Kommentaren von Beteiligten und Betroffenen kann das Entstehen von XUND Bildung Gesundheit Zentralschweiz Schritt für Schritt mitverfolgt werden. Es bleibt aber nicht beim Praxisbericht. In einem «zweiten Blick» wird das Geschehen reflektiert und mit Modellen und Konzepten unterlegt. Diese spannende Fallstudie verknüpft auf besondere Art die Praxis mit den Themen Interim Management, Organisationsentwicklung, Projektmanagement, Spannungsfelder/Polaritäten, Prozessgestaltung, Kulturentwicklung. Das Buch ist eine praxisorientierte Anleitung und Inspirationsquelle für Personen, die in unterschiedlichen Rollen in Veränderungsprojekten eingebunden sind, wie auch für Studierende in diesem Themenbereich.
Beta Binaural Beats and its effects on the Cognition of Nursing Students in a Private Higher Education Institution
Authors: Dy Julie Ann C. , Ladera April Ross S. , Cabato Joshua Paul J. , Librando Monique O. , Yao Johnny Jr J
Published: August 2020

Studying nursing comes with a certain expectation to work hard and take a certain amount of time. A promising method called beta binaural beats is thought to improve cognitive functions. This study aimed to determine whether listening to beta beats is an effective method for improving cognition among nursing students. A doubleblinded experimental research design was utilized and measured the effects of the intervention towards memory, abstract reasoning and reading comprehension. A total of 89 subjects participated in this study. Only the score of reading comprehension showed a significant difference (t=2.38, p=.02). The findings suggest that beta beats is an effective way in enhancing reading comprehension. However, findings show that beats aren’t effective in enhancing memory and abstract reasoning. Therefore, this may be used as a method to enhance learning.
Correlation of the modified dental anxiety scale value with salivary alpha-amylase in pre-odontectomy patients
Authors: Wulansari Daisy , Hadikrishna Indra , Syamsudin Endang
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Odontectomy is a minor surgical procedure that often results in dental anxiety. Dental anxiety can interfere during odontectomy treatment. Dental anxiety can be examined using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and through the level of the salivary alpha-amylase enzyme, both of which are dental anxiety biomarkers. The objective of this study was to analyse the correlation between anxiety values with salivary alpha-amylase levels using MDAS as an indicator of anxiety in pre-odontectomy patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 60 research samples of women aged 18-40 years who came to the minor surgery clinic of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital, to have odontectomy treatment of maxillary or mandibular third molars impaction, not having systemic and oral diseases, and willing to participate in this study. Patients who met the inclusion criteria then required to sign the research consent statement; afterwards, the MDAS data was taken. The salivary alpha-amylase enzyme data was taken using the Cocoro meter (Nipro, Japan) tip which was kept under the tongue for 30 seconds, then the tip was inserted into the monitor, and the enzyme levels would be counted. The data obtained will be analysed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship (p < 0.01) with a strong positive correlation (r = 0.85). Conclusion: There is a correlation between MDAS value and salivary alpha-amylase enzyme as an indicator of dental anxiety.
A contribuição de Bourdieu para a ciência e os objetos das Relações Internacionais
Authors: Scotelaro Marina
Published: August 2020

O trabalho problematiza o papel, ainda incipiente, da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu para compreensão dos objetos analisados no campo de Relações Internacionais bem como de seu entendimento crítico como um campo social específico. O argumento central do artigo se divide em duas partes. Primeiro, aponta para contribuições da sociologia dos campos para uma historiografia crítica da formação do campo científico das Relações Internacionais. Em segundo lugar, demonstra como os objetos do campo, os fenômenos sobre o “internacional”, podem ser apropriados pelas noções de Bourdieu. Para além de uma revisão de literatura de parte da obra de Bourdieu, realiza-se uma análise bibliográfica dos trabalhos de autores internacionalistas com o intuito de contribuir para os debates teóricos do campo.
El Terrorismo Internacional en Afganistán (2000-2018)
Authors: Calvillo Cisneros José Miguel
Published: August 2020

Los ataques terroristas en Afganistán han ido in crescendo desde el inicio de la intervención internacional. Existen más de diez grupos terroristas, pero los talibanes ostentan el monopolio de la violencia terrorista. El objetivo de los talibanes es recuperar el poder político para volver a instaurar un régimen teocrático extremista en el país, por lo que sus objetivos se circunscriben únicamente a un entorno geográfico determinado: el territorio afgano. Los talibanes tienen como objetivo volver a dirigir las instituciones afganas y para ello han emprendido una campaña de terror a través de atentados contra la población civil, las fuerzas internacionales y las instituciones afganas actuando como un tipo de organizaciones terrorista híbrida.

Afganistán es el segundo país del mundo en número de atentados y la afgana es la segunda nacionalidad que más muertes cuenta por ataques terroristas. El principal responsable es el grupo talibán, pero no podemos obviar que el terrorismo en el país es consecuencia directa de la intervención de los Estados Unidos y sus aliados en 2001. Tras casi veinte años de guerra, el terror se ha convertido en una dinámica habitual para la sociedad civil afgana que vive acostumbrada al horror del conflicto mientras espera una paz que nunca llega.
El análisis comparativo de las Diplomacias de Defensa española y rusa
Authors: Andreeva Arina Anatolievna
Published: August 2020

La idea principal del artículo se centra en el análisis del concepto de la Diplomacia de Defensa. Como punto de partida fue elegida la versión española, la que se compara con las políticas exteriores rusas en el ámbito de la defensa internacional. Se hace hincapié en que la adopción de una versión global sobre los agentes que interactúan en los problemas de la seguridad, incorporación del Ministerio de Defensa en la acción exterior del Estado, hoy en día responde eficazmente a las demandas del ambiente internacional. Rusia, carente de jure del plan de la Diplomacia de Defensa, y tomando en consideración de que en 2020 vencen todas sus estrategias esenciales de la política exterior y de defensa, está en el momento de redefinir sus métodos y enfoques. La presente investigación pretende arrojar algo de luz sobre las modalidades de la Diplomacia de Defensa existentes, y sobre el por qué es tan importante la elaboración de dicho concepto nacional.
¿Territorialidad neoliberal? Las políticas de desarrollo e integración física en tiempos del lulismo.
Authors: Barrenengoa Amanda Carolina
Published: August 2020

El propósito de este artículo es recuperar algunas de las políticas del Estado brasileño para reflexionar en torno a los procesos de integración suramericana de los últimos años. Desde una metodología cualitativa, se analizan las políticas de infraestructura y desarrollo promovidas durante los dos gobiernos de Lula da Silva, en relación con el COSIPLAN-UNASUR. En tiempos de transiciones en las escalas regional e internacional, asistimos también a transformaciones al nivel de los Estados y los territorios. Tomamos el caso brasileño para poner en discusión las tesis que pregonan que, en el plano de las políticas de integración física y desarrollo, existió una continuidad entre el período de regionalismo abierto y el postliberal, dada por la territorialidad neoliberal. Para esto, comparamos distintos aspectos de los gobiernos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso y Lula. Desde una mirada sociológica, analizamos las diferentes escalas del problema, algunos de los actores sociales a los que involucró y las estrategias en juego, para incorporar argumentos que complejizan estas afirmaciones.
Un camino fluctuante para el análisis del territorio en el devenir del espacio geográfico. El estudio de la costa estuarial bonaerense
Authors: Fernández Equiza Ana María
Published: August 2020

Autora: Gabriela Mariana D’Amico - Centro de Estudios Integrales de la Dinámica Exógena (UNLP);Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET)Directora: Dra. Claudia B. Carut - Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales(UNLP-CONICET)Codirector: Dr. Enrique Fucks - Centro de Estudios Integrales de la Dinámica Exógena (UNLP)Fecha de defensa: 12 de marzo de 2020
Application of the original method of intra-operative electrophysiological stimulation of recurrent laryngeal nerve with surgical interventions on the neck organs
Authors: Kovalenko Yu. V. , Tolstokorov A. S. , Kotov S. N. , Manakhov G. A. , Kurochkina E. N.
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE was the reduction in the frequency of specific complications of surgical treatment of patients with pathology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands using the original method of monitoring the neuro-functional activity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The research was conducted in two stages. At the first stage, the object of the topographic-anatomical study was 50 male and female corpses. The research, based on the fixed material, was focused upon the study of the anatomic special features of recurrent laryngeal nerves, their relations with neighboring structures, the study of peculiarities of recurrent laryngeal nerve syntopy and its neighboring structures to find the least traumatic way of incision during electroneurophysiological monitoring of activity. At the second stage, the object of the study was 60 patients with a benign pathology of the thyroid gland, who were operated on with the use of the original method of intra-operational visualization and control method over neuro-functional activity of recurrent laryngeal nerve.

RESULTS. The frequency of the three different variants of topographic-anatomical position of recurrent laryngeal nerve depends on the side of the body. The safest, stable and the fastest one to be found is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Postoperative unilateral paresis of the larynx, diagnosed in 4 of 60 patients, is regarded as postischemic. Two-sided paresis of the larynx was diagnosed in 1 patient.

CONCLUSION. This method allows to minimize the development of severe intraoperative complications, to reduce the frequency of postoperative paralysis and paresis of the larynx. Intra-operative visualization of recurrent laryngeal nerves is especially necessary during the repeated surgeries with postoperative scar transformations with wrong syntopy of neck organs and vascular-nerve structures, which makes it possible to minimize the number of postoperative paralyses and paresis of larynx and to get positive effect without carrying out the intubation of trachea among patients with postoperative paralysis of larynx or stenosis, and to avoid more serious damage of larynx or trachea in case of intubation.
Longitudinal-cross-linking method of the sternum osteosynthesis – an additional way for the prophylaxis of deep sternal infection in cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Kuznetsov D. V. , Gevorgyan A. A. , Novokshenov V. V. , Mikhailov K. M. , Kryukov A. V. , Khokhlunov S. M.
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE of the study was to compare the results of using the longitudinal – cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis with other methods (single wire stitches, 8-shaped wire stitches) for cardiosurgery patients.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The study included 3,150 patients, which were operated on in Samara cardiology dispensary named after V. P. Poliakov from 2012 to 2018. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (1397 patients, operated on from 2012 to 2014) used single wire stitches or 8-shaped wire stitches for sternum osteosynthesis. Group 2 (1753 patients, operated from 2015 to 2018) used the longitudinal -cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis. The incidence of instability of the sternum without infection, superficial postoperative wound infection, deep sternal infection and hospital mortality were evaluated.

RESULTS. Groups (1–68 % of men, average age (59.4±9,9) years; 2–68 % of men, average age 62.3±8.5) were significantly different in obesity patients (25.6 & 29.3 %, p=0.02), amount of smokers (50.5 & 64.2 %, p<0.001) and amount of urgent cases (3 & 10 %, p<0.001). The incidence of sternal instability without infection was less in group 2 (0.64 & 0.29 %; OR, 2.29; 95 % CI, 0.76 to 6.8; p=0.1). The amount of deep sternal infection was significant less in group 2 (1.6 & 0.6 %; OR, 2.53; 95 % CI, 1.2 to 5.2; p=0.009). The hospital mortality was 3.9 % in group 1 and 2.96 % in group 2 (OR, 1.34; 95 % CI, 0.9 to 1.9; p=0.1).

CONCLUSION. The longitudinal-cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis is the available method that can significantly reduce the incidence of deep sternal infection in cardiosurgery.
Comparative analysis of the results of bacteriological and chromato-mass-spectrometric studies of pleural exudate in patients with pleural empyema
Authors: Kotiv B. N. , Dzidzava I. I. , Suborova T. N. , Valiev G. V. , Barinov O. V. , Deinega I. V. , Voroshilova T. M. , Lishenko V. V. , Platonova A. G. , Shvedyuc V. V.
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE was to determine the possibility of using chromatography-mass spectrometry to select causal treatment for patients with pleural empyema.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The analysis of the results of examination and treatment of 207 patients with pleural empyema for the period from 2017 to 2018 was done. All patients underwent bacteriological examination, twenty patients from them underwent chromato-mass-spectrometric examination of pleural exudate.

RESULTS. Patients were transferred to a specialized thoracic hospital from other medical institutions, where they received a course of empirical antibacterial therapy and drainage of the pleural cavity was performed. Bacteriological examination of the contents of the pleural cavity was positive in 112 (54.1 %) patients. The leading pathogens were gram-negative bacteria isolated from the contents of the pleural cavity in 45 % of patients with closed and 63.5 % – open pleural empyema. Polyantibiotic-resistant stocks of P. aeruginosa (30.4 %), K. pneumoniae (19.6 %) and A. baumannii (12.5 %) prevailed, which remained sensitive to polymyxin and, in some cases, to amikacin. In 25 (22.3 %) patients, micromycetes of the genus Candida were found. No growth of anaerobic microflora was detected. Chromato-mass-spectrometric examination of pleural exudate revealed markers of 30 taxa of bacteria, viruses and fungi that exceeded the norm by more than two times. Markers of gram-negative bacteria were not detected. The proportion of anaerobic microorganisms was 76.6 %, with the highest concentration found for bacteria of the genus Clostridium and Eubacterium.

CONCLUSION. The choice of causal treatment for patients with pleural empyema is difficult due to the negative culturing from the contents of the pleural cavity in 45.9 % of patients, as well as the discordance between the results of bacteriological and chromato-mass-spectrometric studies. Diagnostic methods for detecting pathogens of pleural empyema require further improvement.
Features of mechanical jaundice course caused by complications of bile disease
Authors: Fedorov V. E. , Haritonov B. S. , Masljakov V. V. , Logvina O. E. , Naryzhnaja M. A.
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE was improving the results of diagnostics and assessment of the severity of patients with mechanical jaundice (MJ) at various stages of its development.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The basis of clinical and laboratory research was the data of 537 patients who were admitted during the period from 2010 to 2019. Principles of separation at the stage of the course of mechanical jaundice of non-tumor Genesis.

RESULTS. Analysis of clinical and laboratory studies showed characteristic signs of various complications of cholelithiasis, accompanied by mechanical jaundice. Then, on this basis, specific symptoms characteristic of each stage of mechanical jaundice of non-tumor Genesis were determined.

CONCLUSION. The course of mechanical jaundice, which develops with complications of cholelithiasis, has a phase-stage character, beginning with extrahepatic cholestasis, then-joining hepatocytolysis and ending with cholangitis. Initially, cholestasis and cytolysis are functional, which is confirmed by biochemical tests, so these processes are labile and reversible. This makes it possible to effectively use biliary decompression methods and infusion therapy with detoxification during treatment. Cholangitis is characterized by destructive morphological manifestations, so it is verified by specific clinical symptoms and laboratory tests characteristic of inflammatory-septic reactions and progresses to sepsis. Differentiation of stages of mechanical jaundice allows to personify surgical and conservative treatment of such patients.
Remodeling of the left heart in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease after mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structures
Authors: Toktosunova Dinara , Djundubaev Murat , Seytahunova Elmira , Akhmedova Irina
Published: August 2020

Objectives: to evaluate the advantage of preserving the subvalvular structures of the mitral valve from both leaflets compared with the preservation of the subvalvular structures only from the posterior valve during mitral valve replacement surgery (MVR). Methods: A retrospective analysis of case histories of 41 patients with isolated rheumatic lesions of the mitral valve who underwent MVR, which were divided into 2 groups: with complete preservation of subvalvular structures (n = 24) and preservation of only the posterior leaflet (n = 17), was performed. Results: In the group with complete preservation of the chordal-papillary apparatus, there was a significant decrease in the end-systolic volume (p<0.05) and a slight increase in the ejection fraction of the left ventricle in the immediate postoperative period compared with the group with the preservation of the chordal-papillary apparatus only from the posterior cusp, where end-systolic volume decreased slightly (p&qt;0.05) and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle remained at the same levels. Conclusion: Our preliminary results of the study indicate better remodeling and optimization of the geometry of the left ventricle when assessing the closest postoperative parameters in a group of patients with preservation of chordo-papillary structures of both leaflets, both the anterior and the posterior leaflets.
Pengaruh Densitas Isi terhadap Ketelitian Dimensi pada Produk Mesin 3D Printing
Authors: Gunawan Ridwan
Published: August 2020

Additive manufacturing is a very important technology in industrial manufacturing 4.0 era. It is because this technology can change an object from a virtual form into a physical model quickly and easily. One of additive manufacturing type is the FDM rapid prototyping machine. A machine has modified from a single nozzle to a dual nozzle so the printing process can be faster and can be used for different color filaments. This study compared 3D models made in the CAD software and the result of test specimens that have been printed using MakerGear M2 3D machine by measuring using a measurement tool profile projector. The host software of the machine was set up at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% infill density. The results of analysis on test specimens show the best accuracy at 20% infill density.
Pengaruh Putaran Elektroda EDM-Mikro terhadap Ketirusan Lubang pada Penggurdian Baja SKD 61
Authors: Triyono Triyono , Prayoga Nanda , Affif Jamal M , Puspad Sofia Deby
Published: August 2020

Micro Electrical Discharge Machining is the development of EDM machines. The purpose of this study is about tapering holes, the results of the drilling process with a micro-EDM machine equipped with a rotating electrode. The difficulty of machining with micro-EDM is that there is often a short circuit between the electrode and the workpiece. For this reason, this research was carried out with a rotating electrode to minimize short circuit. However, electrode rotation can cause deviation or deflection of the electrode tip. The effect of this deviation in the drilling process can cause holes to become taper. The data obtained does indicate this. Furthermore the data is to complement the characteristics of the developed EDM micro machines.
Monitoring of Column Flotation Process in Collection Zone using ECVT with the Effect of Collector and Frother Doses to Recovery
Authors: Haryono Didied , Darmabakti Ikhwan , Oediyani Soesaptri , Harjanto Sri
Published: August 2020

Flotasi adalah proses pemisahaan mineral berharga dari pengotornya berdasarkan perbedaan sifat permukaan partikel. Saat ini monitoring proses flotasi kolom di Industri menggunakan machine vision, yaitu teknologi pemindaian flotasi yang dapat mengekstrak karakteristik froth. Teknologi monitoring ini hanya terbatas pada pengambilan gambar di permukaan froth zone, sedangkan proses pemisahaan terjadi pada sumbu aksial di collection zone. Electrical Capacitance Volumetric Tomography (ECVT) merupakan teknologi yang menghasilkan citra tiga dimensi dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan kapasitansi listrik dari tiap material. Oleh sebab itu, teknologi ini mampu memonitor proses flotasi kolom pada sumbu aksial di collection zone. Performa metalurgi flotasi kolom dipengaruhi oleh faktor kimia diantaranya dosis collector dan frother. Dosis collector dan frother mempengaruhi interaksi partikel mineral dan gelembung udara. Percobaan monitoring proses flotasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui interaksi partikel mineral dengan gelembung udara saat proses berlangsung dan perbedaan citra yang dihasilkan pada setiap variasi yang dilakukan dengan kaitannya terhadap recovery. Percobaan monitoring proses flotasi kolom dilakukan dengan variasi dosis collector 150, 500, 850, 1200 g/ton dan dosis frother 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ppm. Proses monitoring dilakukan menggunakan ECVT 32 channels dengan konfigurasi 8x4 channels secara realtime. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan citra selama proses berlangsung dan terjadi perbedaan citra pada setiap variasi yang dilakukan terhadap recovery yang dihasilkan. Dominasi partikel mineral di dalam sistem meningkatkan kapasitansi normalisasi yang direpresentasikan oleh citra berwarna kemerahan sedangkan dominasi gelembung udara menurunkan kapasitansi normalisasi yang direpresentasikan oleh warna kebiruan.
The Effect of CaCO3 as Energizer on Pack Carburizing Process of Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Noor M. Zamzam , Milandia Anistasia , Alfirano Alfirano
Published: August 2020

Salah satu alat yang biasanya digunakan dalam industri kelapa sawit adalah Dodos. Di Indonesia, dodos dibuat dari baja karbon sedang, tetapi baja karbon sedang harus diimpor dari luar negeri sehingga baja karbon rendah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif untuk membuat dodos karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah di Indonesia. Kekerasan baja karbon rendah perlu ditingkatkan dengan metode pack carburizing sebelum diaplikasikan sebagai dodos karena baja karbon rendah memiliki kekerasan yang rendah. Pack carburizing adalah proses peningkatan konsentrasi karbon pada permukaan dengan menyebar karbon dari atmosfer ke permukaan baja sehingga nilai kekerasan permukaan baja meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi CaCO3 yang optimal sebagai energizer, suhu dan waktu penahanan dalam proses karburisasi pada kekerasan permukaan dan struktur mikro baja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memanaskan baja karbon rendah pada suhu 850 hingga 950°C, variasi waktu penahanan 1 hingga 5 jam dan variasi energizer adalah 20% dan 80%. Uji kekerasan menunjukkan bahwa energizer dapat meningkatkan nilai kekerasan. Semakin tinggi suhu dan waktu penahanan yang digunakan dalam proses karburisasi akan meningkatkan nilai kekerasan. Variasi energizer yang paling optimal adalah 20%, waktu penahanan yang paling optimal adalah 5 jam dan dengan suhu pemanasan 950°C memberikan nilai kekerasan 395,6 VHN 4.
A Recommender System for Inverse Design of Polycarbonates and Polyesters
Authors: Park Nathaniel , Zubarev Dmitry Yu. , Hedrick James L. , Kiyek Vivien , Corbet Christiaan , Lottier Simon
Published: August 2020

The convergence of artificial intelligence and machine learning with material science holds significant promise to rapidly accelerate development timelines of new high-performance polymeric materials. Within this context, we report an inverse design strategy for polycarbonate and polyester discovery based on a recommendation system that proposes polymerization experiments that are likely to produce materials with targeted properties. Following recommendations of the system driven by the historical ring-opening polymerization results, we carried out experiments targeting specific ranges of monomer conversion and dispersity of the polymers obtained from cyclic lactones and carbonates. The results of the experiments were in close agreement with the recommendation targets with few false negatives or positives obtained for each class.
Iodolopyrazolium Salts – Synthesis, Derivatizations and Applications
Authors: Boelke Andreas , Kuczmera Thomas , Caspers Lucien , Lork Enno , Nachtsheim Boris
Published: August 2020

A fast and reliable synthesis of pyrazole-substituted iodolium triflates is described. Their versatile application as useful synthetic intermediates for straight-forward modifications of pharmaceuticals is demonstrated using Celecoxib as model substrate. Finally, their application as potent halogen-bond donors in a Ritter-type reaction is shown.
Impact of Conformations and Size on the Antileishmanial Activity of New Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Mendoza-Martinez Cesar , Rodriguez-Lezama Alejandro , Galindo-Sevilla Norma , Cortés-Guzmán Fernando , Hernandez-Pineda Jessica , Nieto-Lara Abril , Hernandez-Luis Francisco
Published: August 2020

There is an urgency of finding molecules available to treat Leishmaniasis, which is one of the significant issues of health in undeveloped countries. For that reason is needed to explore molecular diversity to find novel scaffolds. Fluorinated and adamantane derivatives exhibit a formidable starting point. They are proved to improve the antileishmanial activity when attached to molecules already active as we have shown in this paper. Particularly fluorinated methoxy and ethoxy derivatives can increase its volume depending on the number of fluorine, a unique behaviour that can be exploited for molecular drug design purposes.
A Comperehensive Drug Repurposing Study for Covid19 Treatment: Novel Putative DHODH Inhibitors Show Association to Serotonin-Dopamine Receptors
Authors: Berber Burak , Doluca Osman
Published: August 2020

Here we discuss the potential of targeting Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme to help treat Covid 19. Next, we present a very large scale of docking analysis using 7900 drug candidates and 20 Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase structures. Our findings not only identify 28-FDA approved candidate molecules, but also show common characteristics among the candidates, especially their association with serotonin-dopamine receptors. In continuation, we discuss the existing clinical trials for Covid 19 treatment of some of the drug candidates we have identified, supporting that the rest are good candidates.
H2 Evolution from H2O via O–H Oxidative Addition Across a 9,10-Diboraanthracene
Authors: Taylor Jordan W. , Harman William
Published: August 2020

The boron-centered water reactivity of the boroauride complex ([Au(B2P2)][K(18-c-6)]; (B2P2, 9,10-bis(2-(diisopropylphosphino)- phenyl)-9,10-dihydroboranthrene) and its corresponding twoelectron oxidized complex, Au(B2P2)Cl, are presented. The tolerance of Au(B2P2)Cl towards H2O was demonstrated and subsequent hydroxide/chloride exchange was acheived in the presence of H2O and triethylamine to afford Au(B2P2)OH. Au(B2P2)]Cl and [Au(B2P2)]OH are poor Lewis acids as judged by the Gutmann-Becket method, with [Au(B2P2)]OH displaying facile hydroxide exchange between B atoms of the DBA ring as evidenced by variable temperature 31P NMR and low temperature 1H and 11B NMR. The reaction of the reduced boroauride complex [Au(B2P2)]– with 1 equivalent of H2O produces a hydride/hydroxide product, [Au(B2P2)(H)(OH)]–, that, upon addition of a second equivalent of H2O, rapidly evolves H2 to yield the dihydroxide compound, [Au(B2P2)(OH)2]–. [Au(B2P2)]Cl can be regenerated from [Au(B2P2)(OH)2]– via HCl·Et2O, providing a synthetic cycle for H2 evolution from H2O enabled by O–H oxidative addition at a diboraanthracene unit.
A Theoretical Model to Study the Interaction Between Boronic Acids and Insulin
Authors: Kumar Durgesh , Kumari Kamlesh , SINGH PRASHANT
Published: August 2020

Boronic acids are widely used in various applications in view of their ability to recognize and bind at specific sites of the biological molecules to mimic several processes. Therefore, this has attracted the researchers, academician and medical expertise to explore them. In the present work, the authors have designed a theoretical approach to study the interaction of boronic acid with insulin using computational tools. A library of boronic acids (114 compounds) are designed, optimized and interacted with insulin using computational tools i.e. iGEMDOCK. Further, their different biological activities and toxicity are determined. Results indicates the promising potential of the boronic acids on interaction with the insulin. Amongst, 114 molecules of boronic acids, 3-Benzyloxyphenylboronic acid (71) showed the best interaction with amino-acids of insulin and significant interaction was shown with the Glu21 and His5 residues. Further, these results were compared with the stabilizing agents and found to be more potent.
Adaptive nutrients in strengthening the immune and respiratory system concerning COVID 19
Authors: Venipriyadharshini L
Published: August 2020

SARS – CoV – 2 is a deadly infectious virus which targets the respiratory system and leads to a disorder known as COVID 19. It is easily communicable between human beings. MERS –Corona Virus, SARS-Corona Virus, and SARS- Corona Virus -2 can leads to severe illness, whereas; novel coronavirus which related with several species which includes HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1) originated from infected mice. NL63, HCoV-NL63 is a species of Coronavirus that was recognized in 2004 in a child with bronchiolitis from the city of Netherlands. HCoV-OC43 is a virus which leads to infection generally occurs at respiratory tract around upside, and Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is connected with a common cold and also symptoms in healthy individuals. Hosts with higher antioxidants and immune capacity can be easily tackled and fight against an antigen. Started from china there so many countries like the USA, Spain, Italy, France, Iran, India, England, Belgium and Pakistan which are profoundly affected by Coronavirus as on April 2020. This present review, papers focused on structure, platforms and ill effects of Coronavirus, and also discloses about the nutrients which include vitamins, minerals, polyphenols and antioxidants; the nutrients under discussion can support the healthy functioning and also strengthen the respiratory system were reviewed.
Analysis of Platelet Indices and its correlation with platelet count In Dengue
Authors: Dhanya Menon  , Ganthimathy Sekhar  , Siddharth A R  , Sridevi M
Published: August 2020

Dengue is a global arboviral disease of growing public health concern. Several parameters have been used to detect the infection and severity of dengue. Recent evidence suggests that platelet indices can be used to assess the severity and prognosis of dengue infection. This retrospective study aims at assessing the role of the platelet indices – Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width, (PDW), P-LCR (Platelet Large Cell Ratio) and Plateletcrit (PCT) and its correlation with the platelet count in 50 Dengue NS1 antigen positive cases and to find the sex ratio and the age-wise distribution of the dengue cases. The indices were obtained using an Automated Hematology analyzer and were compared with the platelet count, considering p-value <0.05 as statistically significant. Thrombocytopenia was found in a majority of the cases and PDW and PLCR were found to be inversely proportional to the platelet count. MPV was found to have no correlation with the platelet count. Hence, we conclude that Platelet count, PDW, and P-LCR can be used as predictors of Dengue infection and severity, whereas MPV cannot be used as a predictor of Dengue infection or severity.
A Study on Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cardiac Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Tubulo Interstitial Syndrome by Echocardiography
Authors: Ahmed Siddique A  , Saravanan S  , Prasanna Karthik  , Kannan R  , Magesh Kumar S
Published: August 2020

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is said to be the presence of renal damage with or without compromised renal function. Chronic renal failure (CKD) affects almost all systems of the body and results in various abnormalities, leaving significant morbidity and mortality. Of the various causes, infection and cardiovascular events contribute towards a large proportion of its occurrences. The most common cause of death in Chronic Kidney disease patients is due to cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy and Coronary artery disease are considered to be the two major cardiovascular disorders among CKD patients. The present study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities among the asymptomatic chronic tubulointerstitial syndrome (CTIS) patients by echocardiography. The parameters studied to detect the cardiac abnormalities are Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA), Interventricular wall thickness (IVWT), Posterior ventricular wall thickness (PVWT), Ejection Fraction (E.F.), Fractional Shortening (F.S.), E/A ratio, Valvular lesions, Pericardial Effusion. Of the above parameters, Interventricular wall thickness, Posterior ventricular wall thickness, Ejection Fraction, Fractional shortening and E/A ratio had significant association among the patients with asymptomatic CTIS. Left ventricular hypertrophy was observed among 64.7% of the patients. Ejection fraction <50% is seen among 83.8% of the study population, 83.8% had abnormal E/A ratio, and 67.6 % had abnormal fractional shortening. In conclusion, CTIS in various stages of CKD has asymptomatic echocardiographic abnormalities which have to be kept in mind as it has an impact on mortality and morbidity.
Genome-wide R-loop analysis defines unique roles for DDX5, XRN2, and PRMT5 in DNA/RNA hybrid resolution
Authors: Villarreal Oscar D , Mersaoui Sofiane Y , Yu Zhenbao , Masson Jean-Yves , Richard Stéphane
Published: August 2020

DDX5, XRN2, and PRMT5 have been shown to resolve DNA/RNA hybrids (R-loops) at RNA polymerase II transcription termination sites at few genomic loci. Herein, we perform genome-wide R-loop mapping using classical DNA/RNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (DRIP-seq) of loci regulated by DDX5, XRN2, and PRMT5. We observed hundreds to thousands of R-loop gains and losses at transcribed loci in DDX5-, XRN2-, and PRMT5-deficient U2OS cells. R-loop gains were characteristic of highly transcribed genes located at gene-rich regions, whereas R-loop losses were observed in low-density gene areas. DDX5, XRN2, and PRMT5 shared many R-loop gain loci at transcription termination sites, consistent with their coordinated role in RNA polymerase II transcription termination. DDX5-depleted cells had unique R-loop gain peaks near the transcription start site that did not overlap with those of siXRN2 and siPRMT5 cells, suggesting a role for DDX5 in transcription initiation independent of XRN2 and PRMT5. Moreover, we observed that the accumulated R-loops at certain loci in siDDX5, siXRN2, and siPRMT5 cells near the transcription start site of genes led to antisense intergenic transcription. Our findings define unique and shared roles of DDX5, XRN2, and PRMT5 in DNA/RNA hybrid regulation.
“It’s My Metier”: The Failed Hero in Chinatown
Authors: Hall Ann C.
Published: August 2020

Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974) presents one of film’s most memorable failed heroes, Jake Giddes. Because of its grim ending, critics tend to conclude that it is an existential noir or a reflection on Polanski’s life and times, his escape from the Holocaust as a child, the death of his wife Sharon Tate, or political events such as Watergate and Vietnam. By examining the film as through the genre of tragedy, Giddes becomes a tragic, not failed, hero, a character who can show us how to suffer nobly.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ЧИННИКИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ХРИСТИЯНСЬКОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ З ПОГЛЯДУ ТЕОРІЇ СМИСЛОВИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ
Authors: Zhovtianska Valeria
Published: August 2020

У статті здійснено спробу визначення психологічних чинників історич­ного процесу на прикладі становлення європейської християнської культури. Визначення цих чинників здійснено на основі теорії смислових трансформацій, яка описує психологічні механізми розвитку суб’єктивних уявлень про дій­сність. Із погляду цієї теорії, є різні за способом функціонування: суб’єктивні уявлення – раціональні та ірраціональні. Для перших є релевантною пропози­ційна форма вираження, і вони потребують застосування рефлексії й верифіка­ції. Для других релевантна образна форма вираження, верифікації вони не по­требують. У статті характерні риси європейської християнської культури роз­глянуто як наслідок розвитку домінуючих у тогочасному соціумі суб’єктивних уявлень. Вихідна передумова для становлення європейської християнської культури вбачається в розпаді античного міфу, що, зі свого боку, стало на­слід­ком залучення рефлексії до процесу формування суб’єктивних уявлень. Значну частину його функцій перебирає на себе християнська релігія, яка для молодої європейської культури стає світоглядною домінантою. Причиною для цього виступив відносно низький рівень культури мислення й, передусім, рефлексив­ності, у народів, що завоювали античний світ і перейняли в нього християнство. Цей же низький рівень рефлексивності, а також нерелевантність пропозиційних форм вираження для ірраціональних уявлень стали передумовами змістових трансформацій вихідного християнського вчення. Трансформовані релігійні уявлення, які посіли панівне місце в середньовічному світогляді, зумовили специфічні риси культури Середньовіччя й наклали відбиток на весь життєвий уклад тогочасного суспільства.
Czy zasada „sola Scriptura”pomaga czy przeszkadza w zjednoczeniu chrześcijaństwa?
Authors: Bartoszewicz Dariusz Kazimierz
Published: August 2020

The principle of sola Scriptura is one of the four rules of the Reformation movement. Its meaning, however, is not precisely determined. Protestants consider the Bible the only source of Revelation. This is not only a source of knowledge but also source of faith. Contemporary hermeneutics was initiated by Protestant philosophers and theologians. But nowadays it has been accepted and is also being developedby the Catholic theologian. The greatest novelty introduced by the Reformation is not a methodological modification at the noematic level but a difference in the perception of oneself as an interpreting person. The Reformation gave the individual the courage to undermine the rules accepted by the community. The personal activity on the community was put to the fore, and the community's action on the individualwas limited to the necessary minimum. It seems that the slogan sola Scriptura is just an invitation to individualism in interpretation. The principle that puts the Bible directly in the center of community life requires interpretation as every word. It seems that a common agreement on the understanding of this principle by Catholics and Protestants, in which the role of the community in the process of interpretation would be recognized, could open a new chapter in the pursuit of the reunification of Christianity.