bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation research on absorption refrigeration system based on NH3-H2O-LiBr vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation model
Authors: Wang Shan , Li Shuhong , Xu Mengkai , Jin Zhenghao , Xu Chengcheng
Published: June 2021

In order to investigate the NH3+H2O+LiBr (lithium bromide) absorption refrigeration cycle process and to simulate it accurately, a vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation model was proposed to obtain thermodynamic characteristic data of the ternary mixtures. The calculation of parameters of liquid phase is based on Wilson?s equation and non-random two liquid equation. The vapor phase, assumed to consist of NH3 and H2O only, is described by The Redlich-Kwong Equation of State. The data of the equilibrium vapor pressure and the NH3 concentration in liquid phase calculated by this model was compared with the experimental data, the difference is between 0.5% to 9.6% within the temperature range from 303 K to 425 K. The COP obtained by the simulation matches with that obtained by experiment and the absolute deviation is less than 0.02. Therefore, this calculation model can be used for simulation to extend the temperature range and pressure range of the system, so as to determine the design parameters of the absorption refrigeration system. The simulation results indicates that under different working conditions, the optimal generator temperature and concentration of adding LiBr can be selected, to which the theoretical explanations were given in this paper.
A synergy model of material and energy flow analysis for the calcination process of green petroleum coke in rotary kiln
Authors: Li Peng , Li Baokuan , Liu Zhongqiu , Yu Yang
Published: June 2021

The main objective of this paper is to establish a mathematical framework to analyze the complex material and energy performance of the calcinations process based on the fundamental mass and energy conservations. The synergy degree of vital order parameters was defined and evaluated to assess the status and order of the calcination process. Furthermore, the synergy model for resource utilization and energy saving has also been developed. The results show that the energy efficiencies of the drying kiln, rotary kiln, incinerator, and the cooler are 63.574%, 37.709%, 76.782%, and 74.758%, respectively. Meanwhile, the synergy degree of the whole calcination system is determined as 0.507. Based on the result, several suggestions were proposed to improve the resource utilization, energy-saving and synergy performance. Assessing the performance of suggested improvements, the synergy degree was re-evaluated and recorded a substantial enhancement up to 0.809. The present work provides valuable insights and comprehensive analysis tool for assessing the performance and potential optimization of the calcination process.
ON LEAVING SPACE FOR ALTRUISM
Authors: Faraci David , Jaworski Peter M.
Published: June 2021

It is sometimes argued that certain policies, institutions, or social structures (“practices”) fail to leave space for altruism, and that this renders them sufficiently morally objectionable to provide a presumptive case for political intervention—for example, for making such practices illegal. Our interest in this paper is to evaluate such arguments independently of other considerations. In particular, we are interested in cases where these arguments are offered against practices that would lead to a net increase in welfare. Our thesis is that they fail, or at least face serious objections.
A Evolução do sistema nervoso e a ponte para a Educação
Authors: Bartoszeck Amauri Betini
Published: June 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é salientar por meio de breve revisão da evolução do sistema nervoso iniciando com invertebrados e alcançando os principais vertebrados e tentar estabelecer uma ponte ligando com educação. Faz-se breve exame das condições físico-químicas do ambiente nos primórdios do planeta Terra e o surgimento das primeiras formas de organismos primitivos. Analisa-se a interação das estruturas receptoras de variações ambientais e períodos de tempos como afetaram os animais primitivos. São explorados redes e circuitos neurais e funções do neurônio no mecanismo de aprendizagem dos espongiários, cnidários, artrópodes, moluscos, cordados, peixes, anfíbios, répteis, vertebrados superiores e primatas. São sugeridas implicações educacionais.
A importância do equilíbrio entre flexibilidade e estabilidade neuronal na formação de memórias
Authors:   VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Belgium, Calafate Sara Cesariny
Published: June 2021

The neurobiological mechanisms behind memory formation remain unknown. Synapses are essential neuronal sub-compartments for the transmission of information within neuronal networks. Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity mechanisms, are two types of processes that play a role on synaptic modifications during the formation of memories. The interaction between these types of plasticity controls the balance between neuronal flexibility and stability to keep neuronal activity within a physiological window. Thus, it is important to better understand these mechanisms and identify the basic units of this system as they may be involved in the onset of neurological disorders. Here, I shed light on the impact of these mechanisms in the early phase of Alzheimer’s disease.
Aspetos Cronobiológicos e do Sono Associados ao Neurodesenvolvimento e Desempenho Escolar em Idade Pediátrica
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina, Lisboa, Portugal, Meira e Cruz Miguel , Dubourg Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Biological rhythms and sleep as their main representative are relevant biofunctional factors to the neuro-cognitive and behavioral development with particular interest in pediatric domain. Some aspects associated to central nervous system and higher function homeostasis, like social-afective equilibrium, critical judgement and memories consolidations and learning, have, in this phase of life, a relationship with the circadian timing system stability and with cronotype. On the other hand, inadequate or insufficient sleep has a negative impact in several biopsychosocial parameters interacting with these domains and conditioning the normal development causing changes in neuro-cognitive and behavioral performance. This review looked for the fundamental aspects of chronobiology and sleep physiology applied to neurodevelopment and its impact in the educational context regarding academic performance.
The Buffering Effect of Supervisor Support on the Relationship between Perceived Stress and Turnover Intention among Female Nurses in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshutwi, PhD, RN. Dr. Sitah
Published: June 2021

Background: The shortage of registered nurses is a worldwide concern; with many countries struggling to maintain adequate numbers of nurses. Many factors that contribute to nursing shortage have been studied, but the influence of work–family conflict has received little attention. Work–family conflict has been linked to a number of work-related consequences, including turnover intention among employees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of supervisory support behaviours on the relationship among work–family conflict, Stress, and turnover intention. Sample: 113 nurses. Result: A significant positive correlation was found between work–family conflict and turnover intention. A negative correlation was found between supervisory support behaviours and turnover intention. Both work–family conflict and stress were associated with turnover intention; however, these associations were buffered (weaken), when nurses perceived higher supervisory support behaviours. Conclusion Supervisory support behaviours could be the tool to help married, female nurses play their professional role without compromising their family responsibilities. Nurses’ turnover is a complex issue that may require multiple prevention strategies; however, enhancing family supportive supervisor behaviors could be a key resource for maintaining a positive workplace environment and reducing turnover intention.
Pengembangan Metode Pembelajaran Inovatif Bagi Tutor Keaksaraan Di Kabupaten Wonogiri
Authors: Tristanti Tristanti , Sujarwo Sujarwo , Suharta Suharta
Published: June 2021

Kegiatan pelatihan pembelajaran inovatif bagi tutor keaksaraan  merupakan kegiatan untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran tutor dalam pengemabnagan metode pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk 1) memberikan pemahaman kepada tutor keaksaraan akan pentingnya pembelajaran inovatif,  2) memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada tutor kekasaraan dalam menerapkan metode pembelajaran inovatif. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pemberdayaan diawali dengan analisis kebutuhan, penetapan materi, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi terhadap 25 orang yutor keaksaraan. Metode kegiatan meliputi ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 1) tutor keaksaraan memiliki pengetahuan dalam pembelajaran inovatif yaitu metode PAKEM dan pembelajaran berpusat pada warga belajar, 2) tutor keaksaraan mampu mempraktekkan metode pembelajaran inovatif dalam pembelajaran di masyarakat.
Correlation Between Vocabulary Mastery and Fluency in Speaking at Universitas Tanjungpura
Authors: Putra Diyas Herdian , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin , Bunau Eusabinus
Published: June 2021

This research, entitled “Correlation Between Vocabulary Mastery and Fluency in Speaking” was carried out to the fifth semester students of English Education Study Program. The population of this research is fifth semester students of English Education Study Program of Teacher Training and Education Faculty at Tanjungpura University with the sample size of 30. The result of data analysis revealed the correlational between both variable from the samples is showing the correlational coefficient (r) value of 0.19. This value showed vocabulary mastery has low correlation with fluency in speaking. The contribution of vocabulary mastery to fluency in speaking is 3.6% which is almost non-existent. The hypothesis was tested by comparing the r value with r table, with the degree of freedom (df = n-2) of 28 and 1% level of significance. The r value (0.19) is lower than r table (0.463). It means, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is rejected and null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted. With this research done, students should improve their speaking ability and remember more vocabularies to become a more and better speaker. The writer hopes this research may be beneficial to the readers and might resulting in newer research with different aspect and better concepts.
Accidental Exposures to Biological Products – A Risk for Medical Staff and Patients
Authors: Kálmán Erzsébet , Rădulescu Amanda , Hăngănuţ Andreea , Bocăneţ Vlad , Borzan Cristina
Published: June 2021

"Hypothesis: While performing professional activities, the healthcare workers (HCW) can be exposed to blood and other potentially infectious materials from the patients they are taking care of. In order to minimize the risk of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, these accidental exposures should be reported and followed by post-exposure prophylaxis. If seroconversion of the injured person occurs, the healthcare unit intervenes by various methods to ensure that the infected HCW does not represent a source of infection for other patients [1]. Objective: Through this study we aimed to assess the perception of different categories of healthcare personnel about their testing for their carrying of HBV, HCV and HIV at the time of employment in a healthcare facility and their right to confidentiality regarding their health status. We also wanted to evaluate the opinion of the medical staff about the patient’s right to be informed about the risk of HBV, HCV and HIV transmission, if there is an infected person in the medical team. Method: A multicentric cross-sectional study was performed, by applying an original pre-tested questionnaire to different professional categories of medical staff from different categories of healthcare facilities. Results: Over 20% of respondents declared they were not tested at the time of employment, but almost 40% claimed that they were tested every year since employment. Only 20% of the participants considered they have the right to confidentiality regarding the state of viral carrying, but ⅓ consider that there is no discrimination if a healthcare facility refuses to hire a HBV, HCV, HIV carrier. Out of all participants questioned, ½ of the respondents agree that the medical staffs who are a carrier for a transmissible virus can be detached in a less dangerous healthcare department in order to avoid the transmission of the virus to patients. Almost equally, there were participants who believed that they could not be compelled to reveal their carrier status to the patient, and those who would have no hesitation in informing their patient about their status

Keywords: Blood and other potentially infectious materials, exposure, healthcare workers, patient, confidentiality.
"
Preserving the Patient’s Dignity and Autonomy in the Context of Advance Planning of the Medical Care
Authors: Someşan Andreea-Iulia
Published: June 2021

"Advance planning aims at a time, considered specific for the life ending stages, when the patient will no longer be able to express his/her desire about the medical care performed on the own person. By the history of its introduction through the medical legislation, this document is closely related with the euthanasia concept or the right to put an end to the life that is no longer worth living. From a medical approach, this may suppose the withdrawal of the futile treatments. The patient has the possibility, by elaborating an advance directive, to mention his/her refusal for certain medical treatments and procedures. The purpose of its implementation in the clinical practice is to preserve the patient’s dignity and autonomy for the moment when he/she will no longer be able to express his/her will: this person can choose to end the suffering of an inhuman life. The patient will become, therefore, responsible
for giving up to the futile medical care, limiting, in somehow, the actions of
the medical staff. Thus, advance planning could be assimilated with the idea of medical non-compliance. The efforts of preserving the patient’s dignity will inevitably bring in our attention the concept of the human being’s value. Does an intrinsic value of the human being really exist or is it just built by the role played by the person in the social context? Is it fair to create moral pressure on someone to take a certain decision in that context? However, what if the advance directives were not at all associated with the idea of a Living will (Life testament – the Romanian name for this paper)? Even if the advance planning had the primary purpose to protect the healthcare professionals in their decision to withdraw the futile treatments, this document should be in favor of the patient and not against his/her deepest desires.

Keywords: advance planning, dignity, autonomy, human being value, quality of life, life without dignity.
"
Online Medical Learning and Ethical Behaviour During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Iorga Magdalena , Iurcov Raluca , Ioan Beatrice-Gabriela
Published: June 2021

"The practice of unethical behaviours has been shown to be closely related to previous experience in adopting such behaviours. Many studies have identified that the observation of unprofessional behaviours in peers by the lack of reaction from teachers encourages students to adopt such behaviours that will be maintained throughout life. That is why the need for ethical training of medical students is necessary, especially since the adoption of online activity during COVID-19 pandemic that facilitates unethical behaviours, such as simulating attendance at classes, cheating the assessments, etc., which are much more difficult to prove.

Keywords: medical students, ethics, medical education, COVID-19, pandemic, teachers, university.
"
PORTRETUL LIBRARULUI NÉMETH – O LUCRARE INEDITĂ DIN CREAȚIA TIMPURIE A LUI SZÉKELY BERTALAN
Authors: POPICA Radu
Published: June 2021

The Portrait of the Bookseller Németh – an Unknown Artwork from the Early Creation of Székely Bertalan. The study presents an unknown portrait from the early years of Székely Bertalan’s creation. The arguments on which the identification of the painter and the sitter’s portrait were based are presented. Also, the context in which the portrait was painted at Brașov in 1856 is presented and data are provided on the personality of the model, Wilhem Németh, bookseller.
REZUMAT. Studiul prezintă un portret anonim din anii de început ai creației lui Székely Bertalan. Sunt prezentate argumentele, pe care se bazează identificarea pictorului și a caracteristicilor portretului. De asemenea este prezentat și contextul, în care portretul a fost pictat în Brașov în 1856 și datele privind personalitatea librarului Wilhelm Nemeth.
Cuvinte cheie: pictor, portret necunoscut, Székely Bertlan, Brașov
SIEBENBÜRGISCH-DEUTSCHE KÜNSTLERINNEN VOM ENDE DES 19. UND ANFANG DES 20. JAHRHUNDERTS
Authors: ITTU Gudrun-Liane
Published: June 2021

Transylvanian German women artists from the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. The paper is aiming at analyzing the life and art of a group of six German women artists from Transylvania, the first ones who studied abroad, real forerunners for the next generation of female plastic artists. Emancipated ladies, determined to become artists and earn their own money, the gifted women studied in Budapest, Vienna, Munich or Paris. Only Molly Marlin did not come back home, while the others had a prodigious artistic and pedagogical activity, being present at the annual exhibitions, together with well-known male colleagues.
REZUMAT. Artiste plastice germane din Transilvania de la sfârşitul secolului al XIX-lea şi începutul secolului XX. Articolul analizează viaţa şi activitatea primului „pluton” de şase artiste plastice germane cu studii în străinătate, adevărate deschizătoare de drumuri pentru generaţiile viitoare. Femei emancipate, hotărâte să-şi ia viaţa în mâinile proprii, dornice să se pregătească pentru o profesie şi să se întreţină singure, au studiat la Budapesta, Viena, München sau Paris. Cu excepţia lui Molly Marlin, toate celelalte s-au întors acasă, la Sibiu (cel puţin pentru o vreme), unde au desfăşurat o bogată activitate artistică şi pedagogică, fiind prezente la expoziţiile anuale alături de pictorii consacraţi.
Cuvinte cheie: studii academice, academii de artă, pictoriţe, graficiene, profesoare, Betty Schuller, Hermine Hufnagel, Molly Marlin Horn, Anna Dörschlag, Lotte Goldschmidt, Mathilde Berner Roth, Sibiu, expoziţii
INA FOOD INDUSTRY: A COMPANY THAT MAKES EMPLOYEES HAPPY
Authors: KANEKO Hiroaki , VLAD Cristian , GATAN Luiza , TAKAHASHI Toru , ADACHI Seiko
Published: June 2021

This research illustrates how a traditional Japanese company, Ina Food Industry, focuses on talent operations, engagement, their well being and social innovation. The authors worked with key executives and talent operators from Ina Food Industry to underpin the main characteristics of their talent operations strategy and to determine how the organization draws from its corporate philosophy and core elements of traditional Japanese culture to create sustainable user engagement and to develop a unique employee value proposition.
JEL Classification: M10, L66
A una década de la Primavera Árabe: ¿Hacia dónde va el mundo árabe?
Authors: Zeraoui Zidane
Published: June 2021

El presente ensayo es un análisis de la Primavera Árabe a sus 10 años y entender los cambios reales que se han llevado a cabo. La primera constatación es que a pesar de las grandes marchas y manifestaciones, se logró la caída de los líderes, no del sistema. Las mismas elites vuelven al poder, en algunos casos y en otros son las únicas dos fuerzas organizadas que toman el control del aparto gubernamental: los movimientos islamistas por un lado o el ejército por el otro. Con este diagnóstico que da claro que la Primavera Árabe no ha respondido a las esperanzas de las masas árabes. Sin embargo, el proceso no ha terminado como lo han demostrado las marchas en el 2019 y nuevamente en el 2021.
El combate contra la austeridad en las décadas de los setenta y los ochenta: cuando los derechos humanos desaparecieron
Authors: Goldmann Matthias
Published: June 2021

Si bien el discurso sobre los derechos humanos se volvió fundamental para desafiar la austeridad en el período que siguió a la Gran Crisis Financiera desde una perspectiva histórica, el que los derechos humanos desempeñen este papel es más la excepción que la regla. El discurso en materia de derechos humanos en el contexto de la austeridad inducida por la deuda soberana ha variado mucho con el tiempo. Lejos de mostrar progreso, su historia revela los cambios del paradigma del derecho de los derechos humanos. Las páginas que siguen hacen foco en uno de esos cambios, ocurrido en la transición entre las décadas de los setenta y ochenta. En la década de los setenta, los Estados recientemente independizados invocaban los derechos humanos en especial para afirmar su soberanía y alejar la interferencia internacional. El paradigma estructural sobre derechos humanos desapareció abruptamente de los debates sobre austeridad en la década de los ochenta, cuando la crisis de deuda soberana golpeó al Sur Global y creó la necesidad de asistencias multilaterales para obtener liquidez. Frente a la presión de reconsiderar el impacto social de los programas de ajuste estructural que promovía, el Fondo Monetario Internacional desplazó los términos del debate y en lugar de hablar de “necesidades humanas”, un término relacionado con los derechos humanos, pasó a hablar de “capital humano”. En consecuencia, en el momento en que los derechos humanos adquirían el estatus de “última utopía”, dejaron de tener relevancia para la austeridad. Por lo tanto, que el discurso sobre los derechos humanos promueva o no los objetivos sociales dependerá del contexto y del momento histórico. El artículo culmina con una propuesta de paradigma político del derecho de los derechos humanos que refleja estas perspectivas.
El Grupo del Banco Mundial, el FMI y los derechos humanos: sobre las obligaciones directas y la atribución de la conducta ilícita
Authors: Genugten Willem van
Published: June 2021

El objetivo principal del artículo es puntualizar cuáles de las normas presentes en la normativa internacional en materia de derechos humanos son aplicables al Grupo del Banco Mundial (GBM) y al Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), así como los puntos específicos en que pueden atribuirseles responsabilidad por violación a esas normas. Después de analizar cómo se posicionan tanto el GBM como el FMI en el ámbito de los derechos humanos (apartado 2), se discuten las numerosas capas de responsabilidades primordiales que pueden aplicarse (apartado 3). A estas secciones, les sigue un tratamiento extenso sobre la atribución de conductas ilícitas a las instituciones financieras internacionales (IFI) y sus Estados miembros, donde se analizan conceptos como “responsabilidad principal” y “secundaria”, así como las consecuencias legales de “tener control” (apartado 4). El artículo podría haber puesto más alta la vara de las obligaciones legales y de las responsabilidades correspondientes para ambas IFI, por ejemplo, mediante la presentación de interpretaciones más extensas de jurisprudencia ya existente. Sin embargo, un análisis de tales características no sería realista, dadas las situaciones complejas en que tienen que funcionar habitualmente ambas IFI. Es mejor considerar la normativa referente a los derechos humanos como una forma de derecho vivo: ambas IFI han atravesado el umbral de los derechos humanos, en diferentes grados, y están en condiciones de ser confrontadas de manera sólida para que den el siguiente paso.
El FMI y la pandemia: Una historia del fortalecimiento de la financiarización y la complicidad con las violaciones de derechos humanos
Authors: Burgisser Emma , Vieira Luiz
Published: June 2021

La pandemia nuevamente condujo al FMI al centro de atención mundial, considerándolo el bombero del sistema financiero internacional, en el núcleo de la red de seguridad financiera global. Para el observador casual el FMI parecía actuar decisivamente, movilizando apoyo financiero para sus Estados miembros mientras subrayando la urgencia de asegurar una respuesta y recuperación justa, inteligente y verde a la pandemia. Pero un análisis del papel del FMI durante la pandemia revela las deficiencias de su propia respuesta y del sistema financiero global en general. En realidad, las crisis de salud, económica y social exacerbadas por la pandemia dejan claras las consecuencias de décadas de apoyo del FMI y de la arquitectura financiera internacional a un proceso de financiarización que ha limitado y sigue limitando la capacidad de los Estados de cumplir con sus obligaciones internacionales en materia derechos humanos. Contrario a la imagen positiva que el FMI viene cultivando, su posición en términos de derechos humanos no ha cambiado, con los predecibles resultados de sus programas. Como lo demuestran el Marco Común para los Tratamientos de Deuda y el análisis de la sostenibilidad de deuda, el FMI sigue evitando la incorporación de consideraciones de derechos humanos en sus programas y actividades, insistiendo en la separación artificial —dentro de su ‘universo’— entre materias que son económicas de aquellas que son políticas.
El cambio climático y la vigilancia del FMI. La necesidad de tener ambición
Authors: Gallagher Kevin , Stephenson Corinne , Monasterolo Irene , Ramos Luma
Published: June 2021

El Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) necesita diseñar rápidamente una estrategia de cambio climático que ayude a sus miembros a cumplir sus objetivos colectivos de cambio climático y desarrollo. En este breve informe se describen los aspectos macrocríticos del cambio climático que deberían incorporarse a la actividad de supervisión del FMI y se examina en qué medida los riesgos climáticos han formado parte de la supervisión del FMI en los últimos años. Nuestra investigación muestra que el FMI ha prestado una atención mínima y desigual a los riesgos climáticos en los informes del Artículo IV, y aún menos en sus Programas de Evaluación del Sector Financiero (PESF), aunque en ambos casos el FMI ha experimentado con análisis que pueden servir de base para trabajar. Como resultado de las revisiones del Artículo IV y los PESF en curso, es imperativo que el FMI reconozca que tanto los riesgos físicos como los de transición dentro de los países y entre ellos son amenazas macrocríticas para los sistemas financieros y fiscales; que garantice que los análisis de los riesgos físicos y de transición dentro de los países y entre ellos sea obligatorio, sistemático y universal para todos los informes del Artículo IV y PESF de aquí en adelante; y que el FMI trabaje con el personal, los Estados miembros, las partes interesadas, la Red para la Ecologización del Sistema Financiero (NGFS) y los/as expertos/as para aprovechar su experiencia inicial y alinear la política de supervisión del FMI con los ambiciosos objetivos del cambio climático.
Entrevista a Oscar Ugarteche Galarza
Authors: Ugarteche Galarza Oscar
Published: June 2021

Oscar Ugarteche Galarza es Investigador Titular C Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas UNAM. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores CONACYT, Nivel III. Coordinador del Observatorio Económico de América Latina OBELA. Licenciado en Finanzas; Universidad de Fordham, Nueva York. 1973; Maestría: Finanzas Internacionales; London Business School, Universidad de Londres. 1975; Doctorado: Historia y Filosofía; Universidad de Bergen. 2007; Doctorado Honoris Causa; Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa, Perú, 2015. Miembro de la Academia Mexicana de Ciencias desde 2020. Áreas de interés: Arquitectura financiera internacional, Integración financiera latinoamericana, Historia del pensamiento económico latinoamericano, Economía internacional, Economía política global, Cambios en la matriz energética. Libros: 28 publicados, incluyendo Historia crítica del FMI. El gendarme de las finanzas, Capital Intelectual, Buenos Aires, 2016
¿Cómo y por qué contar al FMI? Reseña del documental Fondo, otra vez la misma receta
Authors: Fraile Ana
Published: June 2021

¿Cómo y por qué contar al FMI? Reseña del documental Fondo, otra vez la misma receta, de Alejandro Bercovich
Kevert valóság fejlesztési környezet autonóm járművek számára
Authors: Szalai Mátyás , Tettamanti Tamás
Published: June 2021

A cikkben egy olyan kevert valóságot alkalmazó keretrendszert mutatnak be, amelyben egy valós tesztjármű és több valós objektum is egyszerre kezelhető, miközben mindezek köré a virtuális valóságban virtuális forgalmat generálnak 3D megjelenítésben.
A kijelölt gyalogos-átkelőhelyek biztonsági szintjét befolyásoló kockázati tényezők értékelése
Authors: Pauer Gábor , Krizsik Nóra , Berta Tamás , Hamza Zsolt
Published: June 2021

Magyarországon az elmúlt években a gyalogos balesetek az országban történt összes személysérüléses közúti baleset körülbelül hetedét jelentették. A gyalogos balesetek jelentős hányada történik a kijelölt gyalogos-átkelőhelyen. Az előfordulások gyakorisága indokolja azon kockázati tényezők azonosítását és többszempontú rangsorolását, amelyek a lakott területen belül kijelölt gyalogos-átkelőhelyek közlekedésbiztonsági szintjét negatív irányba befolyásolhatják.
Lymphopenia in the COVID-19 Patient: More than a Predictor of Poor Prognosis?
Authors:   Internal Medicine Specialist, Internal Medicine Department, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia, Rondón-Carvajal Julián
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the infectious agent SARS-CoV-2, has claimed the life of thousands of people around the world following its rapid expansion from Wuhan, China, in early January 2020. Since then, multiple groups worldwide have attempted to describe predictive models for adverse clinical outcomes in patients affected by this disease. Within laboratory findings, the first Chinese cohorts described an inverse relationship between the absolute lymphocyte count and disease severity, and about 80% of severe patients exhibited lymphopenia. However, there are discrepancies regarding the predictive value of this clinical manifestation, as well as in the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Here, we review current evidence regarding lymphopenia in patients with COVID-19, and the potential utility of this hematological finding as a disease biomarker.
Appropriate use criteria for cardiovascular MRI: SIC – SIRM position paper Part 2 (myocarditis, pericardial disease, cardiomyopathies and valvular heart disease)
Authors: Francone Marco , Aquaro Giovanni Donato , Barison Andrea , Castelletti Silvia , de Cobelli Francesco , de Lazzari Manuel , Esposito Antonio , Focardi Marta , di Renzi Paolo , Indolfi Ciro , Lanzillo Chiara , Lovato Luigi , Maestrini Viviana , Mercuro Giuseppe , Natale Luigi , Mantini Cesare , Polizzi Gesualdo , Rabbat Mark , Secchi Francesco , Secinaro Aurelio , di Cesare Ernesto , Pontone Gianluca
Published: June 2021

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as an accurate diagnostic technique for the evaluation of patients with cardiac disease in the majority of clinical settings, thanks to an established additional diagnostic and prognostic value. This document has been developed by a joined group of experts of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC) and Italian Society of Radiology (SIRM) to provide a summary about the current state of technology and clinical applications of CMR, to improve the clinical diagnostic pathways and to promote its inclusion in clinical practice. The writing committee consisted of members and experts of both societies in order to develop a more integrated approach in the field of cardiac imaging. This section 2 will cover myocarditis, pericardial disease, cardiomyopathies and valvular heart disease.
Correlation Between Medical Information Completeness and Accuracy of The Diagnosis Code for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Hypertension Based on ICD-10 in Medical Record at Cibening Health Center
Authors: Muchlis Ahmad , Ramadhanty Rifa Aulia
Published: June 2021

Background: Completeness of patient medical information in medical records is one indicator in assessing the quality of health services. Complete and accurate medical records contribute to the accuracy of medical staff in making a diagnosis so that they can determine the correct diagnosis code according to the ICD-10 guidelines. A good medical record shows that a doctor or other medical staff has carried out their duties by the demands of their profession as stated in the Medical Practice Law No.29 of 2004. Purposes: To find out there is or not a correlation between the medical information completeness and the accuracy of the diagnosis code for upper respiratory tract infection and hypertension based on the ICD-10 in the medical record documents of outpatients at the Cibening Health Center in 2019. Method: The method used in this study is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The population of this study was outpatient medical records with a diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infection and hypertension at the Cibening Health Center in 2019. The sampling technique used a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 100. Results: Out of obtained 71 complete medical record (71%) filling in medical records, 64 medical records (64%) were accurate in giving ICD-10 codes, 63 medical records (88.7%) with complete medical information had accurate diagnosis codes in comparison with 8 medical records (11.3%) which were complete but inaccurate diagnosis code. Conclusion: With a p-value of 0.000, there is a significant correlation between the completeness of medical information and the accuracy of the diagnosis code for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Hypertension based on ICD-10.
Overview of The Head CT-Scan in Stroke Patients who was Treated at Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang
Authors: Yusastra Pratrisna , Indriyani Indriyani , Utama Budi
Published: June 2021

Background: Stroke is a collection of symptoms of neurological deficits due to sudden acute disturbance of brain function, both focal and global, caused by blockage or rupture of arteries and veins and proven by imaging and/or reflex pathology. Using CT-Scan, the description of acute phase stroke can be easier and can determine the appropriate treatment criteria for stroke. Purposes: To determine characteristic Head CT-Scan image of stroke patients hospitalized in Muhammadiyah Palembang Hospital. Methods: This study was conducted in a retrospective descriptive manner and obtained a sample of 41 stroke patients according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria using total sampling. Result: In this study, there were 28 patients (68.2%) with ischemic stroke and 13 patients (31.7%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Head CT-Scan image of ischemic stroke shows basal ganglia lesion (28.5%) and the right hemisphere lesions (57.1%) as the most predominant area. Head CT-Scan image of hemorrhagic stroke (58.3%) had intracerebral hemorrhage with the dominant thalamic lesion area (66.6%) and the right hemisphere (58.3%) had the most lesions with 8 patients (66, 6%) had a midline shift. Stroke patients were treated as experienced by the elderly (90.2%) and were dominated by the female sex (63.4%) and are dominated by clinical symptoms of hemiparesis (29.2%). Conclusion: Stroke patients at Muhammadiyah Palembang hospital dominated by ischemic stroke and on head CT Scan image predominantly shows lesions on the right cerebral hemisphere.
Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery and ILIAC vein
Authors: Borodulin A. V. , Lazarev S. M. , Kazarenko A. G. , Makar L. V. , Kolesnichenko A. Yu. , Lazareva E. Yu. , Chernishev D. A.
Published: June 2021

These two cases of successful treatment of a rare vascular disorder – cystic adventitial disease (CAD). Case 1: CAD of the popliteal artery with narrowing of the popliteal artery and intermittent claudication. Case 2: CAD of iliac vein with irreducible femoral hernia formation and iliac vein subocclusion. We described preoperative planning, surgical intervention and postoperative management in our cases. Surgery after careful preoperative planning is only one effective method of treatment of CAD and has good long-term results.
Features of surgical tactics for injuries of abdominal and retroperitoneal major arteries (review of literature)
Authors: Maskin S. S. , Aleksandrov V. V. , Matyukhin V. V.
Published: June 2021

Injuries of abdominal and retroperitoneal major blood vessels are the most severe injuries. Delayed diagnosis, irrational accesses and methods of temporary hemostasis aggravate the severity of the condition and lead to life-threatening complications. The objective was to summarize the data from Russian and foreign literature for improving the results of treatment of patients with injury of abdominal and retroperitoneal major vessels. The article discusses the etiology, clinic, diagnostic algorithm for abdominal vascular injury and treatment of patients with injury of abdominal arteries, describes the methods of temporary and final hemostasis. It is necessary for a general surgeon to know the therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for vascular injury, rational accesses to them and methods of temporary and final hemostasis, as well as the principles of «damage control» tactics to save the life of the patient.
Immediate results of treatment of patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries
Authors: Ismail-zade I. K. , Grebennik V. K. , Ivanov I. I. , Abutalimova N. R. , Zavarzina D. G. , Ishmukhametov G I. , Gordeev M. L.
Published: June 2021

The objective was to evaluate the immediate results of treatment of patients with symptomatic form of myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries.

Methods and materials. In the course of a retrospective study, the results of treatment of 70 patients who had underwent drug treatment and 52 patients who had underwent surgical treatment were analyzed. All the subjects had high functional angina pectoris.

Results. Pharmacological therapy showed significant positive dynamics in 18 (25.7 %) patients. Analysis of the intraoperative and early postoperative periods in patients who underwent supracoronary myotomy allows us to conclude that surgical treatment of patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries shows satisfactory results.

Conclusion. Drug therapy may be effective in some patients with myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries. In case of ineffectiveness of pharmacological treatment, the possibility of performing surgery in the amount of supracoronary myotomy should be considered.
Influence of the gastric stump’s volume on the long-term results of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Melnikov D. A. , Orekhov A. A. , Mezhunts A. V. , Adizov S. A. , Abovyan А. A.
Published: June 2021

The objective was to retrospectively analyze the dependence of long-term results of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery according to the size of the formed gastric stump

Methods and materials. We retrospectively analyzed the long-term results of 207 morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery by two different techniques. The median follow-up was 36 months. Two groups of patients were identified according to the method of formation of the gastric stump: using 2 (1st group) or 3 (2nd group) stapler cassettes and performing of computed tomography volumetry to determine the

volume of the created gastric stump.

Results. Statistically significant differences in the volume of the formed gastric stump, depending on the method of operation, were as follows: 23.8 ml (8.9–37.3 ml) in the 1st group and 47.7 ml (31.9–72.8 ml) in the 2nd group (p<0.0001). Significant differences were observed in the following indicators: relapse of weight gain or insufficient weight loss (loss of < 70 % overweight) at median follow-up of 36 months were observed in 2 (2.3 %) and 12 (9.9 %) cases in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively (p<0.05).

Conclusion. We revealed that the formation of the gastric stump of a very small volume by 2 stapler cassettes compared to using 3 stapler cassettes contributes to improving the results in the long-term postoperative period and minimizing the frequency of relapse of weight gain and insufficient weight loss. The restrictive component of the surgery with equal malabsorptive is fundamental for the clinical parameters of its effectiveness, that leads to increasing the frequency of relapses of weight gain and insufficient weight loss in the 2nd group in comparison with the 1st and group of patients (p<0.05). Based on computed tomography volumetry, the volume of a small-sized stomach stump can be reliably measured and, accordingly, weight loss is predicted in the long term after the surgery, as well as the absence of relapses of weight gain or insufficient weight loss.
Rehabilitasi Kardiovaskular pada Anak dengan Penyakit Jantung Bawaan
Authors: Pratama Agung Rizka , Hamdani Rita , Krevai Citra Kiki
Published: June 2021

Penyakit jantung bawaan merupakan kelainan komplek pada structural jantung. Banyak anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan memiliki keterbatasan dalam beraktivitas diantaranya disebabkan oleh perubahan status gizi, termasuk tinggi dan berat badan serta kapasitas olahraga yang berkurang. Aktivitas fisik juga memiliki manfaat kesehatan otak untuk anak-anak, termasuk peningkatan fungsi kognitif dan berkurangnya gejala depresi. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik sedang hingga kuat meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dari memori, fungsi eksekutif, kecepatan pemrosesan, perhatian, dan prestasi akademik untuk anak-anak tersebut. Toleransi latihan olahraga atau aktivitas fisik anak-anak dengan berbagai bentuk PJB tergantung pada tingkat keparahan, keberhasilan prosedur korektif, munculnya serta derajat dari sisa penyakit sebelumnya. Namun hal ini bukan berarti membatasi anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan untuk dapat melakukan latihan olahraga maupun aktivitas fisik. Program dan rekomendasi rehabilitasi kardiovaskular telah dipelajari secara luas pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung bawaan dengan pengawasan terintegrasi yang dilakukan oleh ahli jantung anak, dokter anak, ahli gizi, ahli terapi olahraga dengan terlebih dahulu dinilai kapasitas fungsional sebelum dilakukan rehabilitasi kardiovaskular.
Kata kunci: Rehabilitasi, Kardiovaskular, Penyakit Jantung Bawaan, Aktivitas fisik, Latihan Olahraga
Gambaran Self Directed Learning Readiness Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas
Authors: Saputra Edwido Leonori , Pertiwi Dian , Ilhamdi Yose Ramda
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang : Metode belajar student centered learning telah digunakan dan diaplikasikan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas sejak tahun 2004. Untuk mengikuti pembelajaran dengan metode SCL ini mahasiswa perlu memiliki self directed learning readiness. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana self directed learning readiness mahasiswa FK Unand.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan Cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi kedokteran FK Unand, menggunakan metode stratified random sampling didapatkan sampel tiap angkatan 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 secara berurutan adalah 72, 75, 80, 74 mahasiswa. Pengambilan data penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner SDLRS yang diadaptasi oleh Zulharman et al. Data penelitian dianalisa menggunakan analisis univariat.
Hasil : Mahasiswa program studi kedokteran FK Unand tergolong memiliki SDLR tinggi karena sebanyak 221 (73,4%) mahasiswa memiliki skor SDLR tinggi dan sebanyak 80 (26,6%) mahasiswa memiliki skor SDLR sedang-rendah. Rata-rata skor SDLR tertinggi dimiliki oleh angkatan 2016 yang motivasi dan kontrol dirinya juga tinggi. rata-rata skor SDLR terendah dimiliki oleh angkatan 2017 yang manajemen diri dan kontrol dirinya juga rendah, sedangkan untuk 2018 memiliki manajemen diri yang baik tetapi rendah dalam motivasi belajar.
Kesimpulan : Self directed learning readiness mahasiswa program studi kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas berada dalam kategori baik.
Kata kunci : student centered learning, self directed learning readiness, SDLRS
Status Resistensi Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dari Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Salido terhadap Malathion 5% dan Alfa-sipermethrin 0,025%
Authors: Pratiwi Nesa , Hasmiwati Hasmiwati , Hendriati Hendriati
Published: June 2021

Background: Insecticides resistance status in Aedes aegypti population is one of the factors that influence the successful control efforts of dengue vector. Objectives:To determine the resistance status of Aedes aegypti from Salido Health Center towards malathion 5% and alpha-cypermethrine 0,025%. Methods: This was a descriptive study and collected during December 2019 – June 2020. Those samples were then observed with larval survey and from the ovitrap placed in 100 houses and then maintained in laboratory of parasitology, faculty of medicine Andalas University. To determine the resistance status of Aedes aegyptiusing the bioassay method with the susceptibility test by referring to the guidance of the Ministry of Health based on the 2016 WHO standard using impregnated paper malathion 5% and alpha-sipermethrin 0.025%. Observations were made by recording the number of mosquito deaths in the 15, 30, 45, 60 and 1440 minutes. The percentage of mosquito deaths is calculated after 24 hours of maintenance it is categorized as resistant if the mortality rate is less than 90%, supected to be resistant if the mortality is between 90-97%, and categorized as vunerable if the mortality rate is between 98-100%.Result: The mortality rate of Aedes aegypti for 24 hours by malathion 5% was 95%, the LT50 and the LT90 were 624 minutes and 1.247 minutes respectively. The percentage of mosquito deaths by alpha-sipermetrin 0,025% after 24 hours was 96,25% the LT50 and the LT90 were 526 minutes and 1.163 minutes respectively.Conclusion: that the resistance status of Aedes aegypti from Salido Health Center is resistant towards malathion 5% and alpha-cypermethrine 0,025%.
Gambaran Gangguan Tidur pada Pasien Pasca Stroke Iskemik
Authors: Ramadhini Alya , Syafrita Yuliarni , Russilawati Russilawati
Published: June 2021

Background : Sleep disorder is common to be the complication in stroke patients and can be a risk factor for stroke. Sleep disorder in stroke patients decrease the quality of life.
Objective : The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of sleep disorders in a post-ischemic stroke patient and the association between sleep disorders and stroke risk factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on post-ischemic stroke at the neurology outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Padang. Information about stroke risk factors is obtained through patient data and guided questionnaires. Types of sleep disorders were assessed through the 2005 Specialized Center of Research Sleep Questionnaire.
Results: We found out there were 57 post-ischemic stroke patients, in which 37  post-ischemic stroke patients (64.9%) had sleep disorder incidences, such as apnea, restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and narcolepsy (38.6%, 36.8%, 35.1%, and 15.8%; respectively). There was an association between age and insomnia (p = 0.034,CI = 95%). On the other hand, there was no association between other risk factors (gender, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, heart disease, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and insomnia, apnea, narcolepsy, and restless legs syndrome.
Conclusions : The conclusion of this study was more than half post-ischemic stroke patients have sleep disorder with the most common were apnea. There was an association between age and insomnia.
Keywords: sleep disorder, apnea, ischemic stroke