bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quadrature for meshless Nitsche's method
Authors: Zhang Qinghui
Published: July 2013

In this article, we study effect of numerical integration on Galerkin meshless method (GMM), applied to approximate solutions of elliptic partial differential equations with essential boundary conditions (EBC). It is well‐known that it is difficult to impose the EBC on the standard approximation space used in GMM. We have used the Nitsche's approach, which was introduced in context of finite element method, to impose the EBC. We refer to this approach as the meshless Nitsche's method (MNM). We require that the numerical integration rule satisfies (a) a “discrete Green's identity” on polynomial spaces, and (b) a “conforming condition” involving the additional integration terms introduced by the Nitsche's approach. Based on such numerical integration rules, we have obtained a convergence result for MNM with numerical integration, where the shape functions reproduce polynomials of degree k ≥ 1. Though we have presented the analysis for the nonsymmetric MNM, the analysis could be extended to the symmetric MNM similarly. Numerical results have been presented to illuminate the theoretical results and to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithms.Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 265–288, 2014
Electrical contact fabrication on vertically aligned ZnO nanowires investigated by current sensing AFM
Authors: Jain Vaibhav , Kushto Gary P. , Wolak Mason , Mäkinen Antti J.
Published: July 2013

We present a simple method for generating vertically aligned (VA) ZnO nanowire (NW) arrays with tailored electrical top contacts, suitable for photodetector and photovoltaic applications. ZnO NWs were synthesized on Si substrate in house using a hydro‐thermal method, producing dense and highly organized vertical ZnO NW (∼50–100 nm) arrays. The vertical geometry of the NW arrays facilitated further processing of the NW structures and streamlined in situ characterization of individual NWs as well as entire NW ensembles. The top contact metallization involved depositing a thin film of low work function metals such as aluminum (5 nm) followed by a thin film of gold (15 nm) onto NW arrays, partially embedded in an insulating silsesquioxane‐based material (SOG‐400F). The I–V characteristics of individual ZnO NWs were measured using current sensing atomic force microscopy (CS‐AFM). Compared with arrays of as‐grown ZnO NWs, the metalized top contacts of NWs resulted in improved I–V characteristics with good Ohmic behavior at the metal‐semiconductor contact (MSC).
Automated Vision‐based Recovery of a Rotary Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle onto a Moving Platform
Authors: Richardson Thomas S. , Jones Chris G. , Likhoded Alexey , Sparks Ed , Jordan Andrew , Cowling Ian , Willcox Simon
Published: July 2013

This paper describes an integrated control demonstration in which a rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) landed on a moving platform using vision‐based localization of the target vehicle. Three key areas are covered in this paper: the system components and integration, the control system structure and design, and finally flight test data including the first such successful landing. All the development and demonstration flights were carried out in the field, and key system challenges and lessons learned are highlighted throughout the paper. Results are given for landings carried out on both stationary and translating targets, in wind speeds of up to 15 knots. While the translating target was constrained to linear motion, there are several applications such as recovery to a land‐based convoy for which this capability would be applicable. The results show that the approach adopted for this demonstration could form part of a practical solution to the problem of automated UAV recovery in both civilian and military environments.
Variable Resolution Search with Quadrotors: Theory and Practice
Authors: Carpin Stefano , Burch Derek , Basilico Nicola , Chung Timothy H. , Kölsch Mathias
Published: July 2013

This paper presents a variable resolution framework for autonomously searching stationary targets in a bounded area. Theoretical formulations are also described for using a probabilistic quadtree data structure, which incorporates imperfect Bayesian (false positive and false negative) detections and informs the searcher's route based on optimizing information gain. Live‐fly field experimentation results using a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle validate the proposed methodologies and demonstrate an integrated system with autonomous control and embedded object detection for probabilistic search in realistic operational settings. Lessons learned from these field trials include characterization of altitude‐dependent detection performance, and we also present a benchmark data set of outdoor aerial imagery for search and detection applications.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry investigations of porous SiO2 films prepared by glancing angle deposition
Authors: Yang Shenghong , Zhang Yueli
Published: July 2013

We present the optical and the structural properties of porous SiO2 films fabricated by using a glancing angle deposition technique. The influence of the glancing angle on the pseudorefractive index of porous SiO2 films was studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the UV–visible region. The relationships among the pseudorefractive index, the porosity, and the glancing angle are determined. The results show that the pseudorefractive index decreases and the porosity increases with the increase of glancing angle. The minimum pseudorefractive index is found to be 1.11 at 532 nm for the porous SiO2 film deposited at a glancing angle of 87°. The structural and surface morphology of these samples was also investigated by using a scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that the as‐deposited SiO2 thin films are porous with a tilted‐columnar structure and low pseudorefractive index. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of FUS-CHOP fusion protein in immortalized/transformed human mesenchymal stem cells drives mixoid liposarcoma formation
Authors: Rodriguez Rene , Tornin Juan , Suarez Carlos , Astudillo Aurora , Rubio Ruth , Yauk Carole , Williams Andrew , Rosu-Myles Michael , Funes Juan M. , Boshoff Chris , Menendez Pablo
Published: July 2013

Increasing evidence supports that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) may represent the target cell for sarcoma development. Although different sarcomas have been modeled in mice upon expression of fusion oncogenes in MSCs, sarcomagenesis has not been successfully modeled in human MSCs (hMSCs). We report that FUS-CHOP, a hallmark fusion gene in mixoid liposarcoma (MLS), has an instructive role in lineage commitment, and its expression in hMSC sequentially immortalized/transformed with up to five oncogenic hits (p53 and Rb deficiency, hTERT over-expression, c-myc stabilization, and H-RASv12 mutation) drives the formation of serially transplantable MLS. This is the first model of sarcoma based on the expression of a sarcoma-associated fusion protein in hMSC, and allowed us to unravel the differentiation processes and signaling pathways altered in the MLS-initiating cells. This study will contribute to test novel therapeutic approaches and constitutes a proof-of-concept to use hMSCs as target cell for modeling other fusion gene-associated human sarcomas.
MiRNA-20 and mirna-106a regulate spermatogonial stem cell renewal at the post-transcriptional level via targeting STAT3 and Ccnd1
Authors: He Zuping , Jiang Jiji , Kokkinaki Maria , Tang Lin , Zeng Wenxian , Gallicano Ian , Dobrinski Ina , Dym Martin
Published: July 2013

Studies on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are of unusual significance because they are the unique stem cells that transmit genetic information to subsequent generations and they can acquire pluripotency to become embryonic stem-like cells that have therapeutic applications in human diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as critical endogenous regulators in mammalian cells. However, the function and mechanisms of individual miRNAs in regulating SSC fate remain unknown. Here, we report for the first time that miRNA-20 and miRNA-106a are preferentially expressed in mouse SSCs. Functional assays in vitro and in vivo using miRNA mimics and inhibitors reveal that miRNA-20 and miRNA-106a are essential for renewal of SSCs. We further demonstrate that these two miRNAs promote renewal at the post-transcriptional level via targeting STAT3 and Ccnd1 and that knockdown of STAT3, Fos, and Ccnd1 results in renewal of SSCs. This study thus provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms regulating renewal and differentiation of SSCs and may have important implications for regulating male reproduction.
RNA Tectonics (tectoRNA) for RNA nanostructure design and its application in synthetic biology
Authors: Ishikawa Junya , Furuta Hiroyuki , Ikawa Yoshiya
Published: July 2013

RNA molecules are versatile biomaterials that act not only as DNA‐like genetic materials but also have diverse functions in regulation of cellular biosystems. RNA is capable of regulating gene expression by sequence‐specific hybridization. This feature allows the design of RNA‐based artificial gene regulators (riboregulators). RNA can also build complex two‐dimensional (2D) and 3D nanostructures, which afford protein‐like functions and make RNA an attractive material for nanobiotechnology. RNA tectonics is a methodology in RNA nanobiotechnology for the design and construction of RNA nanostructures/nanoobjects through controlled self‐assembly of modular RNA units (tectoRNAs). RNA nanostructures designed according to the concept of RNA tectonics are also attractive as tools in synthetic biology, but in vivo RNA tectonics is still in the early stages. This review presents a summary of the achievements of RNA tectonics and its related researches in vitro, and also introduces recent developments that facilitated the use of RNA nanostructures in bacterial cells. WIREs RNA 2013, 4:651–664. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1185

This article is categorized under:

RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry

RNA Methods > RNA Analyses In Vitro and In Silico
Synthesis and Characterization of Pillared Metal Sulfates (Diamine)MeSO4, (Me = Zn, Cd)
Authors: Luberda‐Durnaś Katarzyna , Mucha Dariusz , Sanz‐Camacho Paula , Łasocha Wiesław
Published: July 2013

Hybrid organic‐inorganic materials of the type (diamine)MeSO4(Me = Cd, Zn) [diamine =p‐xylylenediamine (PXDA) orm‐xylylenediamine (MXDA)] have not been described in the literature to date. Four compounds of this type, namely, (MXDA)ZnSO4(1), (MXDA)CdSO4(2), (PXDA)ZnSO4(3), and (PXDA)CdSO4(4), were synthesized by solvothermal methods. Since all compounds crystallized as very fine powders, crystal structure studies were performed using powder diffraction methods. All compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic crystal system and the cell parameters are:a= 9.8004(4) Å,b= 10.7829(3) Å,c= 4.88473(19) Å for1; 9.8824(10), 11.0907(7), 4.9663(5) Å for2; 9.8496(3), 21.2419(5), 4.89556(17) Å for3; and 10.1136(4), 21.6625(3), 4.9562(2) Å for4. The compounds with MXDA as a linker, crystallize in the space groupP21ma, those with PXDA inPnma. These hybrid materials are built of inorganic monolayers [–Me–(SO4)–] joined by organic linkers created by diamines (PXDA or MXDA). Me metal ions and SO42–anions form layers with a honeycomb structure. In addition to crystal structure, chemical analyses and SEM investigations were performed. Thermal stability of the compounds was also investigated using TG‐DSC methods and XRD as a function of temperature.
One-loop Chern-Simons terms in five dimensions
Authors: Bonetti Federico , Grimm Thomas W. , Hohenegger Stefan
Published: July 2013

Abstract

We compute one-loop corrections to five-dimensional gauge and gravitational Chern-Simons terms induced by integrating out charged massive fields. The considered massive fields are spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 fermions, as well as complex two-forms with first order kinetic terms. Consistency with six-dimensional gravitational anomalies of (1, 0) and (2, 0) theories is shown by interpreting the massive fields as excited Kaluza-Klein modes in a circle compactification. The results are in accordance with the geometric predictions of the M-theory to F-theory duality as well as the comparison with an explicit one-loop computation in heterotic string theory compactified on K3 × S
1.
Benefits Derived by College Students from Mentoring At‐Risk Youth in a Service‐Learning Course
Authors: Weiler Lindsey , Haddock Shelley , Zimmerman Toni S. , Krafchick Jen , Henry Kimberly , Rudisill Sarah
Published: July 2013

Service learning is increasingly being used as a pedagogical strategy for promoting the development of civic‐mindedness among university students. Despite the use of this strategy, little is known about the benefits derived from specific types of service‐learning experiences. Additionally, few notable studies have examined the unique outcomes experienced by mentors of at‐risk youth. Therefore, this study examines the civic‐related benefits that college students derive from mentoring at‐risk youth within a structured, service‐learning course. A series of linear regression models were estimated to determine if there were significant post‐intervention differences between the treatment and comparison condition for the variables of interest, after adjusting for key background factors and pre‐intervention levels of all variables. The results indicated that, in comparison to college students who did not participate in the course (n = 258), college student in Campus Corps, a youth mentoring program, (n = 390) had significantly higher scores at post‐intervention regarding mentors’ civic attitudes, community service self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, interpersonal and problem solving skills, political awareness, and civic action. Findings hold important implications for youth mentoring programs and future research.
Effect of the amyloid β hairpin's structure on the handedness of helices formed by its aggregates
Authors: GhattyVenkataKrishna Pavan K. , Uberbacher Edward C. , Cheng Xiaolin
Published: July 2013

Various structural models for amyloid β fibrils have been derived from a variety of experimental techniques. However, these models cannot differentiate between the relative position of the two arms of the β hairpin called the stagger. Amyloid fibrils of various hierarchical levels form left‐handed helices composed of β sheets. However it is unclear if positive, negative and zero staggers all form the macroscopic left‐handed helices. To address this issue we have conducted extensive molecular dynamics simulations of amyloid β sheets of various staggers and shown that only negative staggers lead to the experimentally observed left‐handed helices while positive staggers generate the incorrect right‐handed helices. This result suggests that the negative staggers are physiologically relevant structure of the amyloid β fibrils.
256 – Family Therapy Based On Cognitive-behavioral Approach For Depressed Adolescent: a Case Study
Authors: Khodayarifard M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders, that is attened by psychologists. There are many treatment method for depression. According to research findings, family has important role in creating, maintaining and treating of depression syndrome, also research findings showed that Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) is effective in treatment of depression. Therefore, family therapy based on cognitive-behavioral approach, is suggested in treating depression.

Objectives:

The main aime of this study was to explore the effect of family therapy based on cognitive-behavioral approch as an effective treatment.

Methods:

Method of the study was case study research. Data were obtained by clinical interview and psychological tests. In this study, a severly depressed subject (17 years old) was treated by using on CBT family therapy.

Results:

Almost all the subscale of MMPI and SCL-90 and other instruments showed significant decrease in psychological problems after therapy as compared with the obtained results before the therapy.

Conclusions:

It can be concluded that some probable reasons for decreasing the depression of the client included solving conflicts and interpersonal problems by means of training certain skills such as problem solving, developing relationship with others, effective coping, assertiveness and positive thinking were effective. Consistency and inconsistency of the results was discussed.
269 – Increase of Beta-endorphin Plasma Level as a Potential Marker of Positive Response to Treatment of Depression
Authors: Kubryak O. , Emelyanova I.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

There are new materials in looking for objective tools of mental conditions of depression patients. Grant of Russian humanitarian scientific fund: 11-06-00869.

Objectives:

21 patient (7 male; 14 female; mean age - 38.2 years).

Aims:

Assessment of beta-endorphin concentration in peripheral blood in patients with mild and moderate unipolar depression. Implementation of this parameter as a marker of treatment efficacy.

Methods:

Ethically approved prospective study; HDRS; ELISA; statistical analysis

Results:

Changes in beta-endorphin level appeared to be more significant marker than peptides‘ absolute level. Degree of beta-endorphin changes and degree of HDRS score changes were significantly correlated (p = 0.009; Spearman correlation coefficient ρ = - 0.6). Individual change was calculated as ratio of previous value divided by subsequent value. Therefore, higher increase of beta-endorphin concentration was associated with higher decrease in HDRS score. Figure.

[Figure]

A0 - mean HDRS sample score (n=21); A1 - mean HDRS score in patients with beta-endorphin decrease (n=6); A2 - mean HDRS score in patients with beta-endorphin increase (n=15).

Conclusion:

Preliminary data show that increase in beta-endorphin plasma level in patients with non-psychotic unipolar depression after 2 weeks of treatment is associated with positive response to treatment.
271 – Gray Matter Reduction Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in First-episode, Treatment-naive Young Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: A Voxel-based Morphometry Study
Authors: Huang M. , Luo B. , Hu J. , Xu Y.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

The association between gray matter and cognitive dysfunction in young major depression remains unclear.

Objectives:

To investigate the brain gray matter and the correlation with cognitive function in first-episode, treatment-naive patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aims:

To explore brain structural pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in MDD.

Methods:

46 MDD aged 18-45 year and 46 controls were assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Trail making test (TMT). Then, 30 patients and 30 controls were obtained by MRI scan.

Results:

The total number of errors, number of preservative errors, random errors of WSCT in MDD were significantly more than that in controls, and the completion time in the TMT-A and TMT-B was longer than that in controls. MDD showed significant less gray matter volumns than controls in frontal lobe (right precentral gyrus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus), parietal lobe (left postcentral gyrus, left paracentral lobule, and bilateral precuneus), temporal lobe (right superior temporal gyrus), and occipital lobe (left superior occipital gyrus). There was a significant negative correlation between left postcentral gyrus and left superior occipital gyrus gray matter density and the TMT-B completion time (r=-0.462, P=0.017; r=-0.448, P=0.022).

Conclusions:

The first-episode MDD patient exhibiteded cognitive impairment and showed significant lower gray matter density than controls in frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe. Decreased gray matter density in left postcentral gyrus and left superior occipital gyrus may be involved in the executive dysfunction.
279 – The Reduction in Anxiety and Depression by Education of Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Aghakhani N. , Sharif F. , Khademvatan K. , Rahbar N. , Eghtedar S. , Shojaei Motlagh V.
Published: July 2013

Background:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education on anxiety and depression in patients with myocardial infarction in selected hospitals of Urmia hospitals in 2009.

Methods:

This study was a quasi-experimental study that comprised 124 patients selected randomly and divided into two groups. The experimental group was educated by a face to face training and educational booklet. Control group did not receive any intervention. The level of anxiety and depression was evaluated by using HADS questionnaire at 3 intervals. After 48 hours of admission, discharge day and 2 months after discharge.

Results:

The findings suggest that MI patients worried about their social role, interpersonal relations and personal health, which can exacerbate symptoms and complicate their future care. There was no significant difference between control and experimental groups before the intervention, But after the intervention, anxiety and depression in the experimental group was significantly less than control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Considering the beneficial effect of intervention on reducing anxiety and depression in such patients, the patient's education should be one of the health care goals. Most researches may also be required toconfirm the results in other groups of patients.
293 – The Costs Associated with Antidepressant Use in Depression and Anxiety in Community Living Older Adults
Authors: Vasiliadis H.-M. , Latimer E. , Dionne P.-A. , Préville M.
Published: July 2013

Objective:

To determine the costs associated with antidepressant (AD) use and mental health status.

Methods:

Data were obtained from a population-based health survey of 2,004 older adults. Depression and anxiety were based on DSM-IV criteria and measured at two time points 1 year apart. AD use and health service use and costs were identified from provincial administrative databases. Patient costs included drug copayments, transportation and time spent seeking medical care. Costs associated with AD use were studied as a function of mental health status at baseline and follow-up interviews [i.e. persistence, incidence, remission, no illness]. Generalized linear models with a gamma distribution (log link) were used to control for potential confounders such as socio-economic and clinical factors and AD adherence rates.

Results:

The costs incurred by participants using AD (16.6%) reached $6861 (95% CI: $5586, $8426), significantly more than costs for those not using AD: $4662 ($3679, $5908). AD use was associated with increased total adjusted costs in respondents with no depression and anxiety and in respondents with incident anxiety. Increased costs were due to significantly higher hospitalisation and outpatient costs. The results also suggested a negative association between adherence to AD and the persistence of depression.

Conclusion:

The results did not show important cost savings or decreased health service use associated with AD use and this for all depression and anxiety groups. Future cost studies may consider the analyses of different AD classes with respect to the different clinical mental health profiles in older adults.
311 – Termination of Pregnancy and Mental Health
Authors: Rudaleviciene P. , Narbekovas A.
Published: July 2013

Abortion may result in traumatized psyche as a complication. Trauma on a woman's thoughts, feelings, dreams, fantasies, intentions, and relations changing her attitude to life as such, to her nearest, also to the values and eventually to herself. The consequences occurring as uncontrolled chain reaction affect her family life, career and communication; they break her as personality and lead towards destruction. There is always a risk of suicide. In psychiatry, termination of pregnancy is very important as it can be a reason of developing psychopathology. The identified psychopathological symptoms meet the diagnostic criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder which are considered a post-abortion syndrome. Psychopathology is distinguished by its personal, spiritually painful and stigmatized character. In the course of more than thirty years of clinical practice I have met, and medical documentation describes, about five hundred cases of post-abortion syndrome in Lithuania. The problem of termination of pregnancy exposes the tragic situation of family relations and discloses the destructive effects of the lack of love and warmth between nearest and dearest people, the poverty of sexual life, a woman's slavish behavior and dependence on a man.The topic has been highly syigmatized in Lithuania. Case presentation has been discussed.
318 – The Study of Causes of the Psychological and Pharmacological Anorgasmia in Affected Women in Ardabil
Authors: Rezaei Ghalechi E. , Kazemi R. , Pirzadeh M. , Salehi N.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Women's mental health is important factor for life of societies.

Objectives:

Many factors affect orgasmic function, age, education, job, folklore (taboos) religious beliefs, drugs, psychological disorders and gynecological surgery.

Aims:

Our main goal was the study of causes of the psychological and pharmacological of anorgasmia in affected women in Ardabil.

Methods:

The present study is a descriptive-cross sectional one. a total of 500 married women were selected and they completed the demographic and female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnarie.orgasm was assessed according to the relevant questions in the FSFI questionnaire.122 women were anorgasmic and they completed the SCL-90 questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS and the descriptive statistics (frequency-percent) and the deductive statistics (Correlation-t test). P value < 0.05 was assumed meaningful.

Results:

The prevalence of anorgasmia among women in Ardabil was 24.4% and the average age of th anorgasmic women was 31.1%. The relation between the obsession -compulsion disorder and the anorgasmia with P=0.000 was meaningful. The relation of depression with P=0.91 and using the SSRI drugs with P=0.28 and using the three cyclic anti-depression drugs with P=0.09 and using the ACE-I drugs with P=0.63 with the anorgasmia wasn’t meaningful.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of anorgasmia in Ardabil women is at its high level and psychological factors influence this disorder so the diagnosis of this disorder and control of effective factors will help reducing of family fade and its impacts on society.
319 – The Evaluation of Prevalence of Depression in Hemodialysis Patients in North West of Iran
Authors: Rezaei Ghalechi E. , Kazemi R. , Hagh Kerdar M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Finding the rate of depression is important.

Objectives:

Our object is the spread or depression in hemodialysis patients their age and sexual relations and examination of the cause of depression.

Aim:

Our aim is finding these relations between the internal and psychiatric diseases.

Methods:

In this study I randomly choose 100 hemodialysis patients from Ardabil province and give them the questionnaire N.I and questionnaire that was made by researcher for every patient. I analyzed the results by SPSS software.

Results:

From 100 patients 37 were female and 63 were male. In this research 42 patients (42%) were depressed that 17 were women 40.5% and 25 men 59.5% none of the experimented were depressed before dialysis. Most of the patients suffered from blood pressure 38.2% diabetes 34.2% and 11% had kidney graft experience .more than half were uneducated 54.1% the most of them were at the age of 65–70 marital status, education, losing their next of kin, having job problem because of dialysis and having problems their family relations, have meaningful relation with depression from experimental quantitative variances income has positive role on depression number of children and age have direct effect on depression the most indirect effect from income was on depression.

Conclusion:

Since most of the depression patients were jobless men it's better to produce jobs. Since most of the population were not educated it's better to prepare the depression questionnaire according to their perception every dialysis center in addition to a physician needs a psychologist for giving psychiatry services.
324 – Teaching Coping Skills Affects on Decreasing Mental Disorders Symptoms of Students
Authors: Rezaei Ghalechi E. , Sadeghi Movahhed F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Mental health is a phenomenon which has been considered by psychologist's medical doctors and religious scholars and it is a combination of physical, social and cognitive factors.

Objectives:

Due to the effectiveness of teaching coping skills in increasing mental health.

Aim:

This study was done to achieve the effect of teaching coping skills in providing mental health in students of Ardabil University of medical sciences.

Methods:

Due to the nature and aims of the study the study method was experimental research method the samples of the present study comprised all male and female students (n = 112) and gained 23 or more in GHQ-28 questionnaire at the next stage the samples were selected randomly and divided in to 2 groups then, coping skills were taught to the experimental group for 4 weeks and no variable was exposed to the control group during this period at the end the data from 62 individuals were analyzed by independent T test.

Results:

The results showed that teaching coping skills affects on decreasing mental disorders symptoms especially somatization of symptoms and anxiety of students suspected to the mental disorder (R < 0.001). But the teaching coping skills do not affect on decreasingdepression and disorder of social functioning of students.

Conclusion:

The study showed that teaching coping skills is a good method in decreasing mental disorders symptoms among the students suspected to the mentaldisorder. Therefore it is suggested that in order to prevent and decrease mental disorders symptoms the coping skills should be taught to students.
325 – On the Relationship Between Coping Strategies and Mental Health of Students
Authors: Rezaei Ghalechi E. , Sadeghi Movahhed F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Mental health is a phenomenon which has been considered by psychologists, medical doctors and religious scholars and it is a combination of physical, social and cognitive factors.

Objectives:

This study was done to achieve the effect of teaching coping skills in providing mental health in students of Ardabil University of medical sciences.

Aims:

Due to the nature and aims of the study, the study method was experimental research method.

Methods:

The samples of the present study comprised all male and female students (n = 112) at Ardabil university of medical sciences and gained 23 or more in GHQ-28 questionnaire at the next stage the samples were selected randomly and divided in 2 groups then, coping skills were taught to the experimental group for 4 weeks and no variable was exposed to the control group during this period at the end, the data from 62 individuals were analyzed by independent test.

Results:

The results showed that teaching coping skills effects on decreasing mental disorders symptoms especially somatization of symptoms and anxiety of students suspected to the mental disorder (R < 0.001) but the teaching coping skills do not effect on decreasing depression and disorder of social functioning of students.

Conclusions:

This study showed that teaching coping skills is a good method in decreasing mental disorders symptoms among the students suspected to the mental disorder. Therefore it is suggested that in order to prevent and decrease mental disorders symptoms the coping skills should be taught to students.
328 – Fuction of GRP78 in Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Han F. , Shi Y.
Published: July 2013

The mechanism of PTSD is not fully understood until now. Previous studies showed PTSD induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Grp 78 plays important role in ERS.

Objectives:

To explore changes of Grp78 and Ca2+-CaM-CaMKIIα in hippocampus of PTSD rats may reveal part of the pathogensis.

Methods:

The models of PTSD were created by SPS, which is an established animal model for PTSD. Wistar rats were selected for this study and randomly divided into a normal control group and SPS groups of 1d, 4d and 7d. The expression of GRP78 was examined by immunofluorescence, western blotting and RT-PCR. The intracellular free calcium level was examined by fluorescence spectrophotometer. CaM and CaMKIIα were examined by RT-PCR. Apoptosis was examined by TUNEL and TEM.

Results:

The results showed the intracellular free calcium level reached the peak 1 day after SPS stimulation, then gradually decreased to normal level. The expression of CaM 1 day after SPS is the most and then decreased. CaMKIIα expression showed a significant down-regulation 1 day after SPS throughout and then gradually increased to normal level. Grp 78 reached the peak 4 day after SPS stimulation. TUNEL-positive cells significantly more than the normal control group and peaked at 7d after SPS stimuli, then gradually decreased to normal level. Furthermore, some cells had a characteristics change, including chromatin condensation, appearance of chromatin crescents, and nucleus fragmentation.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that Grp 78 and changes of Ca2+-CaM-CaMKIIα in hippocampal might play an important role in the pathology of PTSD.
334 – Baseline BMI does not Predict Six Month Remission Rate for Depression Managed under Collaborative Care Management
Authors: Angstman K.B.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Obesity and depression are often comorbid conditions, with an apparent bi-directional relationship. Obesity at baseline has been shown to increase the risk of onset of depression and depression at baseline increased the odds for developing obesity. Less is understood about the impact of obesity on depression outcomes.

Objectives/aims:

Our hypothesis was that obesity (BMI >= 30) and morbid obesity (BMI >= 40) would have negative effects on depression remission rates after six months of enrollment into collaborative care management (CCM).

Methods:

This study was retrospective analysis of 1,111 depressed patients with a PHQ-9 score of 10 or greater that were enrolled in CCM. Of these patients, 81.5% (1,587) had BMI data available and only 27.4% (435) were of a normal BMI (BMI>=15 and < 25.0), while 44.7% (710) were obese (BMI >= 30). Multivariate analysis for the odds ratio of achieving remission at six months demonstrated that the patient's BMI at baseline was not a risk factor for depression outcome at six months. The clinical factors of recurrent depression, PHQ-9 score and an abnormal MDQ score were found to be statistically significant with an inverse relationship to remission at six months, an observation that had been shown in prior studies.

Conclusions:

CCM for depression has been shown to be effective for improving depression outcomes. While obesity was common in our study population, it was reassuring, based on this study that six month depression treatment outcomes do not appear to be significantly impacted by the patient's baseline BMI.
343 – Stress and Marital Satisfaction of Parents to Children Diagnosed with Autism
Authors: Shtayermman O.
Published: July 2013

The current investigation expended on research among parents caring for a child who is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An online web survey was used to collect data from 253 parents caring for a child with a diagnosis of ASD. Both parents reported on elevated levels of parental stress associated with caring for the child on the spectrum. In addition, lower levels of marital satisfaction were found in both parents. About 13% of the parents in the sample met the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder and About 15% of the parents met the diagnostic criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Although the majority of the sample were females (94%) significant differences were found between males and females in relation to meeting the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder and for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Higher levels of stress were associated with higher number of Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptoms and higher number of Major Depressive Disorder symptoms. Findings from this study indicate how vulnerable parents and especially females are in relation to caring to a child diagnosed with ASD.
345 – Methyl Tetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphism, Folic Acid, b12 in a Sample of Patients with Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Eid H.F. , Abdel Mawla S.M. , Hussin H.A. , Ramzy A.A. , Abdou A.A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

There are several theories concerning potential associations between depression and levels of vitamin B12 and folate.

Aim of the study:

To investigate the relationship between depression and vitamin B12, folate, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C T polymorphism. To compare this associations, in anxiety and depression.

Subjects and methods:

90 subjects were randomly selected in a comparative cross sectional study. The sample consists of three groups: a group of depressive disorders without psychotic symptoms (n = 30), a group of anxiety disorders (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). The patients were recruited from psychiatric out- patient clinic. Patients were diagnosed according to DSMIV criteria. Beck depression Inventory for severity of depression, Hamilton rating scale of depression, Hamilton rating scale of anxiety. Laboratory: Simultaneous assay of vitamin B12 and folic acid by Radio-immune assay technique and analysis of MTHFR (C677T) by means of PCR and RFLP.

Results:

Both anxiety and depression groups has the same percentage of gene mutation (33.3%). Folic acid and Vitamin B 12 mean values were highest in control group followed by the anxiety group then the least was in depression. Within the depression group there is a negative correlation between the severity of depression and folic acid. Within the depression group, patients with mutant gene have lower level of both Folic acid and Vitamin B12 than patients with non mutant gene.

Conclusion:

Folic acid and Vitamin B12 were lower than normal in both anxiety and depression patients and this was combined with gene mutation.
357 – Characteristics of Earliest and Most Recent Injection Drug Use in a Canadian Low-threshold Methadone Maintenance Treatment Sample
Authors: Kolajova M. , Fulton H.G. , Darredeau C. , Barrett S.P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Despite evidence that the majority of injection drug users (IDU) are polysubstance users and tend to have extensive substance use histories at time of first injection, little is known about the patterns of substance use associated with injection initiation.

Aims/objectives:

To determine how injection drug use was associated with specific patterns of multiple substance use. Both concurrent (any use during a defined time period) and simultaneous (same session) polysubstance use patterns were assessed.

Methods:

IDU receiving treatment at a low-threshold methadone maintenance clinic in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada completed structured interviews regarding their substance use histories.

Results:

Injection coincided with: concurrent heavy alcohol use; increasing use of stimulants such as cocaine; and the introduction of misused prescription medications. During their most recent injection session, participants were significantly less likely to inject a stimulant, and were significantly more likely to identify an opioid as their primary drug of injection, when compared to injection initiation. Moreover, alcohol was more likely to be co-administered at time of first-ever injection, whereas prescription sedatives and crack cocaine were more likely to be co-administered during the most recent injection.

Conclusions:

Initiation into injection tended to occur after an extensive and relatively consistent sequence of substance use. First ever and most recent injection drug use often occurred within a polysubstance context; however, the specific patterns of substance use changed with time. Findings suggest that specific patterns of multiple substance use may be appropriate targets for treatment and prevention of injection drug use.
360 – Determination of the Effect of Cognitive-behavioral Therapeutic Group and the Study of Self-imagination Level in Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder of the Students
Authors: Shafiei Amiri M. , Daryabari S.M.
Published: July 2013

Aim:

The present research has a goal tostudy self-imaginationlevel and to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapeutic group in treatment of social anxiety disorder of the adolescents (teen-agers).

Methods:

This research is of sub-empirical plans (designs) which were performed as pre-testing, past-testing and threemonth (quarterly) pursuance.two experimental and control groups are used in it. Group CBT therapy (treatment) is independent variable which was performed during 12 sessions weekly and the scores of anxiety symptoms in the patients developed by social anxiety disorder were considered as dependent variable. Statistical population of this research includes 1135 11–14 year-old girl students in state schools of Babol city which among this series, 368 students were randomized, clustered, stagebased selected during second academic (educational) semester of 2011–2012 as the samplegroup by the mean of 12.8 yearold and standard deviation of 4.05. After sampling, by help of social phobia structured recognition (determinant) interview based on DSM-IV recognition criteria and using of Kanver et.al. Social anxiety questionnaire and cooper smith's self stem questionnaire, data collection was performed.

Findings:

The scores difference of two experimental and control groups in social anxiety is meaningful in two stages (steps) of pre-mediation (before manipulation) and after it based on Mann-Whitney Yu test.

Conclusion:

The scales of evitable behaviors and fear from negative evaluation of social anxiety test have shown that cognitive-behavioral therapeutic group has meaningfully reduced the level of evitable behaviors and fear from negative evaluator.
384 – The Use of Agomelatina in Drug Addicted Patients with Psychiatrics Disorders
Authors: Pieri M.C. , Comaschi A.C.
Published: July 2013

Agomelatine is an innovative antidepressant with new mode of action: it's an agonist of melatoninergic receptors MT1 and MT2 and 5HT2c antagonist.

The idea of this study was to assess the use of agomelatine in patients treated in our center for drug addiction in Bologna (SERT), and in particular:

patients with heroin abuse treated with full/partial opioid agonists (methadone, buprenorphine, Buprenorphine/naloxone)

patients treated for alcohol abuse

patients who failed to antidepressants and treated with oppioid agonist

patients treated for benzodiazepines abuse

Objective:

Of the study is To evaluate the improvement of mood, anxiety and sleep disorders in patients treated with agomelatine and affected by drug addiction (heroin, alcohol and benzodiazepine

The efficacy of agomelatine was assessed by investigator at T0 and at monthly visit up to 6 months using HAM-A, HAM-D21, VAS for craving VAS for the quality of sleep.

Weight, number of hours slept and quality of life were evaluated

Blood parameters were assessed at T0 and T6

Heroin, cocaine and cannabinoid metabolites were evaluated.

Conclusion:

We evaluated the efficacy of agomelatine on top of conventional treatments for drug addiction in 3 different groups (heroine, alcohol and sedatives addiction). In all three groups we’ve observed the improvement over time in depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. We’ve noticed an important reduction of craving. The quality of sleep and the time of sleeping have markedly improved. The quality of life was increased in all patients treated with agomelatine.
392 – Double-Blind Randomized Comparison of Efficacy and Side Effects of Bupropion Versus Methyl Phenidate for Children with ADHD
Authors: Moharreri F. , Soltanifar A. , Mokhber N. , Samadi R. , Soltanifar A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

ADHD is one of the most common neuro-psychiatric disorders in children Methyl Phenidate is the most frequent medication prescribed for this disorder. Bupropion is suggested as an alternative medication for treatment.

Objectives:

This research aims to compare the efficacy and safety of Bupropion and Methyl Phenidate(Ritaline) in children with ADHD.

Method:

This research was a double blind clinical trial and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical SciencesForty children with ADHD, aged 6 to 12, from consecutive referrals to child psychiatric clinic of Ebn-e-Sina hospital were selected and randomly divided into two categories,treatment with Methyl Phenidate and Bupropion. Evaluations were carried out based on ADHD Rating Scale (by teacher and parent) and Clinical Global Scale (by clinician) at the beginning of the study, 4 and 8 weeks through the study. Adverse effects were checked at 4 and 8 weeks time as well. Data were analyzed by SPSS11.5.

Results:

Methyl-phenidate and Bupropion were both significantly effective in reduction of ADHD symptoms of children based on parents and teachers ratings in 8 weeks treatment (P< 0.001). The therapeutic response, in parents’ views, was better in Methyl -phenidate group than Bupropion (p=0.014).

Conclusion:

Results showed that Bupropion was an effective in ADHD treatment but its effect based on the parent's report was less than Methyl-phenidate.
396 – Family Functioning in the Families of Psychiatric Patients: Comparison of Psychotic and Non Psychotic Families
Authors: Forozandeh N. , Parvin N.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Family functioning is one of the most important factors in psychiatric treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the family functioning between patients with psychotic and non psychotic disorders in Shahrekord, Iran.

Method and materials:

This analytical discriptive study was performed on family members of 200 patients with schizophrenia(psychotic), mood and anxiety disorders(nonpsychotic). The data was collected through interview by using the family assessment device (FAD). Quantative analysis of data was undertaken by using T students.

Findings:

The mean of the total score of FAD in family members of psychotic and nonpsychotic patients was 2.55 ± .31 and 2.34 ± .25 respectively, and FAD in non psychotic patients was significantly better than psychotic patients in all dimensions of FAD.

Discussion:

The present study highlights that the family functioning among caregivers of patients with Psychotic and non psychotic disorders were unhealthy in all of the domains of the family functioning.