bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zastosowanie elementów metody Marii Montessori w tradycyjnym przedszkolu. Refl eksja nad badaniami w działaniu z pozycji zewnętrznego obserwatora
Authors: Zdanowicz-Kucharczyk Kamila
Published: November 2017

In this text I present, from the perspective of an external observer, research which shows, how using the Maria Montessori method helps teachers to work with children individually. The research method, which is action research, makes it possible to observe how the researcher-teacher involves children in all activities and enhances their self-esteem. At the same time the teacher`s engagement, independence and creativity become active while using the Maria Montessori method. I also present diffi culties, which could happen, when the Maria Montessori method is used in the traditional kindergarten.
Pedagogika muzealna. Cele, idea, kierunek rozwoju i zastosowanie w praktyce na przykładzie „lekcji muzealnej” w polskim muzeum historycznym
Authors: Anna Mallek
Published: November 2017

Museum education is a subdiscipline of Pedagogy which has been changing rapidly during the current century. The beginning of such education was inevitably related to the origin of the museum. The richest royal men as kings, princes and priests set up their own individual collections which were displayed only to chosen people. The fi rst museums are claimed to have existed during the Italian Renaissance, for instance Pope Sixtus IV hired Michaelangelo Buonarrotti to create a special place for ancient collections. During the French Revolution it was believed that art had got an unique ability to rehabilitate those members of society who suffered from alcoholism and other kinds of pathology. The Louvre was opened to the public in 1793 and, since that time, art collections have started to be organised in special exhibition form. At the end of the 19th century two German art historians and educationists Alfred Lichtwark and Georg Kerchensteiner started to form a special educational programme for children and young people, concerning the museum collection. In the history of Pedagogy they are claimed to be the forerunners of museum education which has been developing into one of the most infl uential and potential kinds of cultural education in the 21st century. Among history studies, I would like to present museum education in the context of one selected Polish historical museum and then analyze and interpret the ‘museum lesson’ in comparison with contemporary movements in museology and critical, progressive pedagogy.
Model rozwijania refl eksyjności u (przyszłych) nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej – założenia, istota, motywy konstruowania i nadawania mu wymiaru praktycznego
Authors: Szymczak Joanna
Published: November 2017

The aim of the article is to present an original model of developing refl exivity in reference to educational events. The Department of Didactics and Studies in the Culture of Education lends the model a practical dimension in working with early school education teachers-to-be during the Refl exive Teacher Workshops course. The inspiration for creating (and sustaining) the model is a carried out under the direction of prof. Ewa Filipiak, Ph.D and is a research project concerning refl ection in reference to educational events taken up by early school education teachers. The article indicates three concepts: (1) critical events in teaching by D. Tripp, (2) the refl exive practitioner by D.A. Schön and (3) mindfulness and mindlessness by E.J. Langer, all of which constitute a theoretical background for the model. The paper also presents an adopted understanding of refl exivity and refl ection. Moreover, the paper considers the motives for using the model while working with teachers-to-be. Therefore, it discusses the value of being and becoming a refl exive teacher, as well as characteristic features of a refl exive practitioner and their signifi cance for working with students.
Recarga e conexão hidráulica no sistema aquífero granular-fissural no Campus Pampulha da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG
Authors: Marques Ribeiro João Pedro , Velásques Leila Nunes Menegasse , Carvalho Filho Carlos Alberto de
Published: November 2017

Nesse estudo foram analisadas a recarga e a conexão hidráulica entre os aquíferos granular e fissural do sistema aquífero granular-fissural no campus Pampulha da UFMG, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Na área, o aquífero granular é livre, se sobrepõe ao fissural, e é constituído por aluviões, colúvios e solo residual, enquanto o aquífero fissural é livre a semi-confinado, representado por gnaisses, granitos e diques de diabásio do Complexo Belo Horizonte. A precipitação média anual é de 1.404,8 mm com maior incidência entre outubro e março. Foi realizado um monitoramento automatizado e manual do nível d’água por 8,5 meses que envolveu completamente a estação chuvosa, de agosto/2012 a abril/2013. As medidas automatizadas foram executadas mediante a instalação de transdutores de pressão em 3 piezômetros e 3 poços profundos inativos, com leituras a cada 15 minutos, enquanto o monitoramento manual foi realizado semanalmente em outros 2 poços profundos inativos e piezômetro. A caracterização da conexão hidráulica foi feita estimando-se o tempo de resposta do nível d’água de cada aquífero à precipitação e o tempo decorrido entre a recarga direta do meio granular e a recarga indireta deste para o meio fissural. Para o cálculo da conexão hidráulica foram empregadas técnicas de análise de funções de correlação cruzada. Os resultados indicaram que o tempo de resposta à recarga do aquífero fissural a partir do granular foi de menos de 24 h. A recarga para o aquífero granular, calculada pela variação do nível d’agua, foi de 264 a 390 mm (média de 775.000 m3), 28% a 41% da precipitação, respectivamente. Desse total, avaliou-se, preliminarmente, que cerca de 14% (109.200 m3)recarregam o aquífero fissural.
“Steve, you must feel pig sick!”: Streamed Video Interactions between Premier League Managers and Sports Journalists as Semi-scripted Performances
Authors: Heaney Dermot
Published: October 2017

The starting point of this paper is the phenomenon of so-called MediaSport, namely the pervasive and multi-faceted mediation of sports events that extends the reach and hold of the sports industry on communities of sports consumers. The speciﬁc aspect of MediaSport considered here is the streamed post-match interview with Premier League team managers, a stabilized media interaction that reﬂects the importance of media duties as part of the manager’s corporate brief. Critical attention to managers seems mainly conﬁned to sociological studies of the politics of celebrity, while linguists seemingly have little to say about this kind of discourse. The data selected for analysis are two interviews following defeat. The choice falls on this scenario because it is expected it will entail a greater onus on managers to display media interaction expertise. Using a theoretical framework that draws on Goffman’s concepts of performance, participation framework, and face, the discourse analysis in this paper attempts to provide an account of the linguistic resources managers draw on in these mediated interactions. The analysis of turn-taking, topic control, deixis and modality reveals similarities in the sample interviews that suggest these encounters are actually semi-scripted collaborative performances that allow both interactants to preserve their face as competent professionals, while also affording the manager ample opportunity to interact with the major imagined recipient, namely, the online fan base.
Heidegger’s “Politics” and the Black Notebooks
Authors: Seidel George J.
Published: November 2017

Under “politics” is included Heidegger’s entanglement with National Socialism in the early 1930’s, an analysis of his rectoral address, and his resignation as rector. An attempt is made to account for this involvement. Also under “politics” there are Heidegger’s own sketchy, and largely unsuccessful, attempts at forging a philosophy of politics, a couple of which are examined, and critiqued, in detail. There is also a section on Heidegger’s “anti-Semitism,” especially as instanced in the Black Notebooks, which have given rise to considerable controversy of late. An attempt is made to set this in its historical and cultural context. Included also are the many remarks, from the curious to the bizarre, that appear in the Black Notebooks concerning the social and political events of the time between 1931 and 1948. The article closes with what the author sees as the more important themes found in these volumes, which echo themes found in Contributions to Philosophy (From the Event) and in the Unpublished Treatises, part III of the Gesamtausgabe.
Enterprise Modeling for Business and IT Alignment – a Framework and Recommendations
Authors: Kaidalova Julia , Seigerroth Ulf , Persson Anne
Published: November 2017

Eliminating the gap between business and IT within an enterprise, i.e., solving the problem of Business and IT Alignment (BITA), requires an instrument for the multidimensional analysis of an enterprise. Enterprise Modeling (EM) is a practice that supports such analysis and therefore can be used to facilitate BITA. EM serves as a tool that can capture, visualize and analyze different aspects of enterprises. This article presents a framework that describes the role of EM in the context of BITA and presents recommendations in EM for BITA.
RISK ASSESSMENTIN THE WORKPLACE IN OIL INDUSTRY
Authors: Knežević Nebojša
Published: November 2017

The risk assessment is based on the systematic recording and evaluation of all factors in the work process, the possible dangers and hazards in the workplace and in the working environment that may cause occupational injury, damage to health or illness of the employee.

Risk assessment focus is on work organization, work processes, tools, raw materials and materials used in technology and work processes, tools and equipment for personal protection at work, as well as other elements that can cause the risk of occupational injuries, damage health or illness of the employee.

The paper will give a few examples of risk assessment in the workplace in an oil refinery Brod and statistical indicators of accidents which occurred in the reporting workplace and on the intensity of repetition assess the risk of accidents and recommend measures to ensure his impairment, but also to prevent injury at work.
PERSPECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL BUILDING STONE- LIMESTONE IN THE REPUBLIC SRPSKA
Authors: Majstorović Slobodan , Malbašić Vladimir
Published: November 2017

Curent situation of raw material base and study of limestone like construction stone deposits in the Republic of Serbian were relatively poorly considered during the last decades, and the main problems are the following: low production capacity,fragmentation of production, needs for raw materials homogenization and delivering of standard quality, undeveloped market, the recession of the domestic economy and the economies in the region, the relatively low level of exploration by many deposits, especially lack of knowledge of the occurrence legality for certain types and quality of raw materials and lack of complete quality indicators for raw material, which sometimes causes the utilization of only the highest quality deposit parts .

This paper provides an overview of active quarries in the Republic Srpska with exploitation of limestone like technical building stone and present an attempt to determine the basic quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the raw material and the current working conditions at these quarries. The purpose of such a review would be in an effort to create a clearer picture about production, market, social and other aspects of the limestone exploitation in the Republika Srpska and the realistic possibilities of maintaining and developing of these mineral resources utilization, which can certainly be interesting for the development of many other industries in the Republic Srpska.
FILLING THE EXCAVATED EMPTY AREA IN UNDERGROUND EXPLOITATION OF THE MINE “KREKA” AIMED AT REDUCING DEFORMATIONS OF THE SURFACE CAUSED BY EXCAVATION
Authors: Fazlić Edin , Fejzić Semir
Published: November 2017

Taking into consideration the current situation in the field of energy, the specific conditions of our mining and contemporary achievements in the field of underground exploitation, it can be stated that new circumstances in terms of techno-economic and security parameters of exploitation in the whole system of the exploitation of the coal deposits are present. The aim of this paper is to contribute to solving the problem of the subsidence of ground surface caused by excavation and utilization of the reserves of deposits that are nonrenewable and important economic resource. It is oriented towards solving this problem in order to avoid deformations of ground surface caused by the excavated empty underground area. By solving this problem, the empty excavated area is filled and the problem of the deformations of ground surface is reduced or permanently solved. The paper proposes the potential composition of backfill for filling the excavated empty area. This paper presents a solution based on filling the excavated empty area.
PORE PRESSURE AND FRACTURING PRESSURE INFLUENCE AT BOREHOLES CONSTRUCTION ON THE ROCK SALT DEPOSIT ''TETIMA'' TUZLA
Authors: Nuhanović Sanel , Hodžić Adnan , Šabović Almir
Published: November 2017

In the rock salt deposit "Tetima" by analysis of situation and pore (layers) pressures and fracturing pressures development it has been proved that the values of pore and fracturing pressures are quite low (in the part of deposit which is currently exploited) and on the border of use salt water such as fluid for canal rinse in some drilling intervals. That especially relates to the'' weak'' breccia layer, stationed just above rock salt series, which is rated as most likely zone of drilling fluid loss and hermeticity loss of all constructed boreholes in that part of deposit. Calculated values of pore pressures, fracturing pressures and their gradients indicate on need for correction of existing boreholes construction on the rock salt deposit ''Tetima''. Analysis results of six constructed boreholes are presented in this paper, by analytical and graphical method.
INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON CARBON AND NITROGEN CONTENT IN SERBIAN RENDZINA SOILS
Authors: Radmanović (Cupać) Svjetlana , Đorđević Aleksandar , Nikolić Nataša
Published: November 2017

Organic matter in Serbian Rendzina soils dependence on altitude and geographic regions was investigated. There was no regular dynamics of carbon and nitrogen content nor in C/N ratio, probably because of slight climatic variation among altitudes and regions, thus negligible differences in vegetation, organic litter and decomposition dynamics. Predicted climatic changes, uneven for regions, will exert a complex influence on soil C and N storage. These results should be used as a base for future monitoring of C and N content in Serbian Rendzina soils and their dependence on climate.
ECONOMIC COST ANALYSIS OF DRILLING AND BLASTING DEPEND OF DRILLING AND BLASTING PARAMETERS AT QUARRY ''DOBRNJA'' NEAR BANJA LUKA
Authors: Malbašić Vladimir , Kovačević Žarko , Čelebić Miodrag , Crnogorac Jovana
Published: November 2017

In the modern mining, best efficient organization by obtaining solid minerals, is getting with explosives utilization for blasting, with the growth of significance in the exploitation of mineral resources in the open pit mines with large capacities. In this paper technological stages of drilling and blasting, that are demanding from the technological aspect, had been economicaly analyzed, because of the specific working environment by limestone quarries. The aim is to arrive the optimal combination (with the technological and economic aspects) of explosives in an explosive charge that would be used in the future work of the quarry, where technical-technological efficiency follow and economical organizing of completely production process.
REASONS TO CHANGE THE TENDER PROJECT OF A TUNNEL DURING CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Lukić Dragan , Brčić Stanko , Zlatanović Elefterija
Published: November 2017

During construction, especially of tunnels, very often there is a need to change the tender technical documents, i.e. the documents upon which the construction permit is obtained and the tender is announced. The main reason for the change of documentation is, above all, unsuficient geotechnical investigations due to which technical solutions and calculations are inadequate. Very rearly documentation is changed due to errors in the calculation if the techncal review of documentation is correctly done. The paper presents an example of the change of documentation during construction and the reasons for that.
LAND CONSOLIDATION AND IRRIGATION, CASE STUDY, MUNICIPALITY OF VELIKA PLANA
Authors: Trifković Milan , Marinković Goran , Ilić Boban , Pejičić Goran , Lazić Jelena
Published: November 2017

The Municipality of Velika Plana has been taking serious steps when it comes to initiating land consolidation projects which help realize the land reclamation projects in the simplest way. Whit the aim of obtaining the base for carrying out land reclamation projects, this work deals with and presents the survey of the hydrographic features of Municipality of Velika Plana, as well as, water regime and the river basin of the Velika Morava River. Based on measuring data obtained at Ljubicevski most, water gauge survey station we have performed and presented the analysis of the distinctive annual flow over a longer period of time as well as the analysis related to the changes in parameters which occur on an annual basis. On the basis of performed analysis we have been able to determine the amounts of water for irrigation available in the Velika Morava River basin at the territory of Velika Plana, which was the main focus and objective of this research.
GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBANKMENT ALONG THE RAILWAY ROUTE OF ENTITY BORDER OF FEDERATION OF BIH – MAGLAJ, SECTION km 103+500 MAGLAJ
Authors: Đurić Neđo
Published: November 2017

Railway route from entity border to Maglaj is on corridor V of railways that connects Adriatic sea with European Union countries. More precisely, it is on the railway Samac – Sarajevo that was built during the fifties. From Doboj to Zenica exist two tracks, one built in 1947. and the other thirty years later. In time, the railway worn out, since it was not maintained properly during its exploitation, so allowed train speed is 40 km/h. Reconstruction of railway had previously started on sections with aim to achieve the level of train speed to 120 km/h.

Terrain research in order to overview quality of material on which the railway is laid, and immediate environment that has effect on railway route, were conducted by sections, from which section km 103+500 – Maglaj is one of the most important considering characteristics of the terrain on which the route passes. Research along railway route were conducted by using research trial pits from both sides and in between tracks, to depth of entry in basic soil. Depth of research works is different for old and new track, considering the way of construction in time period of 30 years. Beyond narrow corridor of railway route research of characteristics of the terrain were not conducted, because of inability to access due to mining. Results of terrain and laboratory tests showed geotechnical characteristics of material, based on which were given quality improvement measures for deposited materials, and base for reconstruction of railway.
CHANCE FOR REVIVAL – SYNAGOGUE IN SUBOTICA
Authors: Aladžić Viktorija
Published: November 2017

Research presented in this paper considers the problem of the Synagogue restoration in Subotica, built in 1902, which has been deprived of its basic function, left without financial means for maintenance due to the changes in the social, economic system and great changes in the population structure during the First and Second World War. Lack of financial resources, poor interest for the building and Balkan wars in nineties caused that the restoration works on the synagogue were performed partially, where often several construction seasons had to elapse before the next works were undertaken. This resulted also in decay of those parts of building that have already been restored or conserved earlier. Today it seems that there is a solution to complete the restoration and revitalization works of a synagogue, building that was four times on the World Monuments Watch list and in 2014 listed among”7 Most Endangered monuments” by Europa Nostra programme. The primary objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of a continuous process of maintenance and conservation to preserve building heritage, which has to actively involve all levels from government to the citizens and their initiatives.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF THE BEST METHOD HIGHWAY ROUTE
Authors: Bašić Zahid , Džananović Amir
Published: November 2017

The main objective of this study was to review the methods used in the process of selecting the optimal route of the highway, the way in which these methods are used, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and comparing the particular case make the favored one of the offered methods. In addition to mutual comparison criteria optimization work are detailed methods and presents a concrete example, which can be very useful to researchers in this field.

Comparison of the already complex valuation methods with a large number of influential factors is a particular challenge to the author. It is extremely difficult to make a comparison method which the authors used a completely different mathematical approach. Some of the criteria optimization are incurred in order to concrete problems (air transport of passengers, the annual prediction of accidents, etc.) and as such are not primarily been designed for the selection of the optimal route of the highway.

After much thought and research criteria optimization, this paper applied the mathematical approach in comparison method, as follows: Spearman's and Pearson's correlation coefficient and Kendall's coefficient of correlation.
THE BASIS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A DATABASE OF UTILITY LINES CADASTRE - REALISTIC APPROACH
Authors: Marinković Goran , Lazić Jelena , Ilić Zoran
Published: November 2017

In this study, for the purpose of determining the quality of a digital cadastral plan lines, we made production of digital lines plan, vectoring, and the diameter of the original data and maintaining the diameter of the five types of lines. Since digital utility cadastre plan is the basis for making part of the database of the cadastre lines, but that lately often resorted vectorization of analogue lines plans, or "digitization on the screen" in this study we analyzed the accuracy and reliability of digital geodetic plan lines created vectoring analogue plan. There we also made individual and comparative analysis of digitized content, according to the type of lines, on the basis of which it was concluded that the overall quality of the digital plan lines obtained vectoring pretty good that can meet the needs of most users of the cadastre lines. The conclusions drawn in this article can serve amendments and harmonization of existing geodetic and cadastral regulations with the regulations related to the business owners lines, regulations governing zoning and help define the strategy and development directions records of public infrastructure.
SUSTAINABLE URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND CONFLICT OF RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Authors: Stevović Svetlana , Mirjanić Slađana , Đurić Neđo
Published: November 2017

Urban areas are formed aiming to satisfy multiple expectations of their citizens. Among the most significant expectations are resources availability, related to existential needs, efficiency in communication and satisfaction of other contemporary civilization and cultural needs. However, pursuance to create conditions for those needs satisfaction necessarily leads to high level of urban area construction. Thus, sort of paradox appears: aspiration to improvement of living conditions leads to negative effects which jeopardize the health and lives of urban population. This fact requires holistic approach, i.e. consideration of all aspects of life’s needs of urban population in order to provide their long term sustainability. This paper aims to consider some aspects of urban areas sustainability relative to blue green cities philosophy.
GEOECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVI SAD AND ENVIRONMENT FOR THE PURPOSES OF HEALTH TOURISM AND RECREATION
Authors: Pecelj R. Milovan , Lukić Milica , Pecelj Milica , Srnić Danijela , Đurić Dijana
Published: November 2017

Novi Sad and its surroundings are rich with the most diverse natural values that are good for the development of health tourism and recreation activities on their territory. Being in nature, next to water surfaces, forests and all green favorably affects on psycho – physical condition and improves life quality in urban environments. Aim of this work is geoecological evaluation of Novi Sad and its surroundings with the use of quantitative model of diversity, ie Hans Kiemstedt model for the purpose of health tourism and recreation. With this work authors want to contribute to further affirmation of geoecological evaluation in the area of planning and managing of urban areas. Methodology is based on Kiemstedt model, and criteria that are used are: forest and water edges, relief energy, way of land use and climate factor, or conditions of natural environment. Use of this model gives less of more favorable surfaces for the development of mentioned activities. The advantage of this model is the use of modern GIS technologies, obtaining tested and objective data that have a wide use.
The conserved RNA helicase YTHDC2 regulates the transition from proliferation to differentiation in the germline
Authors: Bailey Alexis S , Batista Pedro J , Gold Rebecca S , Chen Y Grace , de Rooij Dirk G , Chang Howard Y , Fuller Margaret T
Published: October 2017

The switch from mitosis to meiosis is the key event marking onset of differentiation in the germline stem cell lineage. In Drosophila, the translational repressor Bgcn is required for spermatogonia to stop mitosis and transition to meiotic prophase and the spermatocyte state. Here we show that the mammalian Bgcn homolog YTHDC2 facilitates a clean switch from mitosis to meiosis in mouse germ cells, revealing a conserved role for YTHDC2 in this critical cell fate transition. YTHDC2-deficient male germ cells enter meiosis but have a mixed identity, maintaining expression of Cyclin A2 and failing to properly express many meiotic markers. Instead of continuing through meiotic prophase, the cells attempt an abnormal mitotic-like division and die. YTHDC2 binds multiple transcripts including Ccna2 and other mitotic transcripts, binds specific piRNA precursors, and interacts with RNA granule components, suggesting that proper progression of germ cells through meiosis is licensed by YTHDC2 through post-transcriptional regulation.
English voices in ‘Text-to-speech tools’: representation of English users and their varieties from a World Englishes perspective
Authors: Karakaş Ali
Published: November 2017

English has experienced grave transformations recently in terms of socio-demographic and geographical characteristics. While such transformations have resulted in diverse types of English uses and various English users, the existing ELT materials still fail to represent the global varieties and dynamic uses and users of English. Moving from a World Englishes perspective, this paper investigates a corpus of online Text-to-Speech tools and software to discuss their suitability for teaching English according to the plurithic view of English, which throws focus on various users and uses of English. Analysed via quantitative content analysis, the data showed that TTS tools promoted the Inner circle (native-English) varieties over the Outer and External circle (non-native) varieties and non-native accents. In addition, the absolute absence of users from the Expanding circle was observed as no speakers from this circle was available in the tools analysed. The findings suggest that a satisfactory World Englishes perspective has not yet been taken into consideration in the present Text-to-Speech tools. There is, thus, a crucial need for a shift in the design of such tools to get them adjusted to represent different types of English users and uses.
Effects of graded concentrations of supplemental lead on lead concentrations in tissues of pigs and prediction equations for estimating dietary lead intake
Authors: Reddy Kondreddy Eswar , Park Kyu Ree , Lee Sung Dae , Yoo Ji-Hyock , Son Ah Reum , Lee Hyun-Jung
Published: November 2017

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of graded dietary lead (Pb) concentrations on body weight and Pb concentrations in blood, hair, soft tissues, and urine from pigs and to generate equations for estimating daily Pb intake. Sixteen barrows with initial body weight 36.3 kg (standard deviation = 2.3) were allotted to four dietary treatments that consisted of graded supplemental Pb concentrations (0, 10, 25, and 250 mg/kg of diet). Daily feed allowances for each pig were 1 kg for first two weeks and 2 kg for last two weeks. The hair and blood of pigs were collected on d 14 and 28. At the end of experiment, the pigs were euthanized, and the liver, kidneys, muscle, and urine samples were collected. The prediction equations for estimating daily Pb intake of pigs were generated using Pb concentration of blood, hair, tissues, or urine as an independent variable. The Pb concentrations in the blood, hair, liver, kidneys, muscle, and urine linearly increased (P < 0.01) with increasing dietary Pb concentrations. There were quadratic effects (P < 0.05) of increasing dietary Pb concentration on Pb concentrations in the blood, hair, and muscle. There were highly positive correlations between dietary Pb concentration and Pb concentrations in the blood, hair, liver, kidneys, muscle, and urine (r > 0.83;P < 0.01). The equations were significant (P < 0.01) and showed highr2(>0.83), except the equation using Pb concentration in the muscle as an independent variable. In conclusion, the dietary Pb concentration was highly correlated with Pb concentrations in the blood, hair, soft tissues, and urine of pigs. The total dietary Pb intake can be estimated from the Pb concentrations in the blood, hair, soft tissues, or urine for pigs.
Record breaking achievements by spiders and the scientists who study them
Authors: Mammola Stefano , Michalik Peter , Hebets Eileen A. , Isaia Marco
Published: October 2017

Organismal biology has been steadily losing fashion in both formal education and scientific research. Simultaneous with this is an observable decrease in the connection between humans, their environment, and the organisms with which they share the planet. Nonetheless, we propose that organismal biology can facilitate scientific observation, discovery, research, and engagement, especially when the organisms of focus are ubiquitous and charismatic animals such as spiders. Despite being often feared, spiders are mysterious and intriguing, offering a useful foundation for the effective teaching and learning of scientific concepts and processes. In order to provide an entryway for teachers and students—as well as scientists themselves—into the biology of spiders, we compiled a list of 99 record breaking achievements by spiders (the “Spider World Records”). We chose a world-record style format, as this is known to be an effective way to intrigue readers of all ages. We highlighted, for example, the largest and smallest spiders, the largest prey eaten, the fastest runners, the highest fliers, the species with the longest sperm, the most venomous species, and many more. We hope that our compilation will inspire science educators to embrace the biology of spiders as a resource that engages students in science learning. By making these achievements accessible to non-arachnologists and arachnologists alike, we suggest that they could be used: (i) by educators to draw in students for science education, (ii) to highlight gaps in current organismal knowledge, and (iii) to suggest novel avenues for future research efforts. Our contribution is not meant to be comprehensive, but aims to raise public awareness on spiders, while also providing an initial database of their record breaking achievements.
Male-male competition and female choice are differentially affected by male call acoustics in the serrate-legged small treefrog,Kurixalus odontotarsus
Authors: Zhu Bicheng , Wang Jichao , Zhao Longhui , Chen Qinghua , Sun Zhixin , Yang Yue , Brauth Steven E. , Tang Yezhong , Cui Jianguo
Published: October 2017

Background

The evolution of exaggerated vocal signals in anuran species is an important topic. Males and females have both evolved the ability to discriminate communication sounds. However, the nature of sexual dimorphism in cognition and sensory discrimination and in the evolution and limitation of sexual signal exaggeration remain relatively unexplored.

Methods

In the present study, we used male calls of varied complexity in the serrate-legged small treefrog,Kurixalus odontotarsus, as probes to investigate how both sexes respond to variations in call complexity and how sex differences in signal discrimination play a role in the evolution of sexual signal exaggeration. The compound calls of maleK. odontotarsusconsist of a series of one or more harmonic notes (A notes) which may be followed by one or more short broadband notes (B notes).

Results

Male playback experiments and female phonotaxis tests showed that increasing the number of A notes in stimulus calls elicits increased numbers of response calls by males and increases the attractiveness of the stimulus calls to females. The addition of B notes, however, reduces male calling responses. Moreover, call stimuli which contain only B notes suppress spontaneous male calling responses. Phonotaxis experiments show that females prefer calls with greater numbers of A notes and calls containing both A notes and B notes, but do not prefer calls with only B notes.

Discussion

Male-male competition and female choice appear to have played different roles in the evolution and limitation of signal complexity inK. odontotarsus. These results provide new insights into how exaggerated compound signals evolve and how signal complexity may be limited in anurans.
18O Fractionation in the coralline aragonite of Porites lobata: Implications in oceanic paleothermometry studies
Authors: Carriquiry JD
Published: November 2017

This study is fundamentally focused on a simple, but relatively unpondered problem: the coral δ18O temperature sensitivity (dδ/dT). Previous paleotemperature studies of corals have involved the use of either: 1) the calcite’s δ18O temperature sensitivity for mollusks (Epstein et al., 1953) or 2) the slope value (Δδ/ΔT) obtained by comparing annual temperature extrema versus annual δ18O extrema in the annual growth bands of coral skeletons. Because both perspectives involve the use of different values for the thermal sensitivity of the coral skeleton, significant discrepancies may be obtained while reconstructing oceanic paleotemperatures. In order to solve this problem, a field calibration was conducted by comparing the δ18O composition of coral skeletons of Porites lobata with sea surface temperature (SST). A paleotemperature equation for P. lobata was determined by comparing the sclerochronologicaly determined monthly skeletal δ18O values with monthly SST values for the Costa Rican coast. Additionally, when δw effects were considered in the coral skeletons, it was found that Porites yields a temperature dependent 18O isotopic fractionation between 0.222 and 0.235‰/ºC. This study reveals that the thermal sensitivity of the coralline aragonite is slightly larger than that for mollusk’s calcite. Therefore, future oceanic paleotemperature applications that involve corals should avoid the use of the thermal sensitivity of the δ18O of biogenic calcite, as has been done in the past. The use of the slope value proposed here may also eliminate the common problem of the seasonal ΔTºC not matching the Δ(δc-δw) observed in the coral skeletons.
Biofacies and taphofacies of a Holocene macrotidal environment: Bahia La Cholla, Northern Gulf of California
Authors: Meldahl KH
Published: November 2017

Recognition of the paleoenvironmental significance of biofacies and taphofacies in the fossil record is greatly aided by their study in modern sedimentary environments. Holocene molluscan shell assemblages of Bahia la Cholla, a macrotidal shallow marine environment in the northern Gulf of California, form distinct biofacies and taphofacies whose distribution is controlled by different environmental variables. Biofacies primarily reflect variation in substrate. Distinctive molluscan communities characterize: 1) Salt marsh and innermost tidal flats: organic-rich fine sediments, dominated by epifaunal deposit feeders and deep infauna! suspension feeders; 2) Inner, middle and outer tidal flats: fine to coarse sand, dominated by shallow infaunal suspension feeders; 3) Tidal channel and rocky intertidal zone: hard substrates of shells or rock, dominated by epifaunal algal grazers; 4) Rocky subtidal zone: alternating rock and sand, dominated by attached epifaunal suspension feeders and shallow infaunal suspension feeders. Taphofacies, based on taphonomy of the shallow infaunal bivalve Chione spp., primarily reflect variation in tidal submergence time and current energy. Distinctive suites of taphonomic attributes characterize: 1) Outer tidal flats, rocky intertidal zone, and rocky subtidal zone: environments experiencing prolonged or continuous tidal submergence and high tidal current velocities, characterized by high levels of abrasion, bioerosion by bivalves and clionid sponges, and encrustation by bryozoans; 2) Tidal channel: an environment experiencing continuous submergence and the strongest tidal currents, characterized by very high levels of abrasion, bioerosion by algae, and encrustation by serpulid polychaetes; 3) Sall marsh, inner tidal flats and middle tidal flats: environments experiencing relatively short periods of submergence and low tidal current velocities, characterized by low levels of taphonomic alteration. Biofacies and taphofacies provide different and complementary types of information about the sedimentary environments of Bahia la Cholla. In paleoecological studies, a more complete picture of ancient environments can be generated by integrating taphonomic data with taxonomic and ecologic data.
Evidence of different feeding rates within an anchovy shoal
Authors: Robinson C , Arenas V
Published: October 2017

A single shoal of northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) was captured and sampled in Baja California, Mexico. The fish were sized, weighed and the first branchial arch of the left side was used for counting the number of gill rakers. The stomach content was weighed and the number of microplankters recorded. It was found that the weight of the stomach content increases with fish length as well as the number of microplankters. However, the number of microplankters per gram of fish and stomach content weight decreases with fish length. The number of gill rakers does not increase with fish length. The results follow a similar pattern to that observed using equations obtained from previous laboratory studies. It is suggested that within a shoal of anchovies, composed of differently sized individuals, different rates of feeding may exist.
Development of the fishery of northern anchovy (Engraulis mardax) in Baja California from 1972-1992
Authors: Vidal-Talamantes R
Published: October 2017

The principal changes that occurred in the northern anchovy fishery are analyzed. Data from commercial landings are examined and an explanation of the observed variations in the magnitude and composition of the catch is attempted. The fishery experienced a first phase of increase from 1972 to 1981, followed by a phase of decline in the catch in 1982 and 1983, and a third phase of relative stability of the catch between 1984 and 1989. The age of the fish caught declined in these three periods and there was an increase in the proportion of small-sized fish. The data suggest that the combined effect of the fishery and environmental changes have had an effect on the anchovy population. Since 1990 the landings have been almost null, even though the sardine-anchovy fleet has continued to expend considerable effort in attempting to locate schools. Alternatives for the administration of the resource are proposed. Se analizan los principales cambios ocurridos en la pesquería de anchoveta norteña.
Three clinical pearls in the treatment of patients with seizures and comorbid psychiatric disorders
Authors: Tallian Kimberly
Published: November 2017

A strong association exists between epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities, especially depression, anxiety, attention deficit disorders, and psychosis. The impact of psychotropic medications in lowering seizure threshold both directly and indirectly, hypersensitivity reactions to antiepileptic and other psychotropic medications, and how antiepileptic drugs affect psychiatric disorders are explored through three patient cases. Ultimately, in selecting an appropriate psychotropic medication for an individual with epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities, it is important to consider the clinical and quality-of-life impacts that a particular medication will have on that individual.
Implementation and results of a symptom-triggered opioid withdrawal protocol at a Veterans Affairs medical center
Authors: Koch Jessa , Ward Sarah , Thomas Christopher J.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

The Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical Center serves veterans from southern Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia, where the rates of non-medical opioid use are some of the highest in the nation. Prior to this project, there was not a standardized practice for the treatment of veterans undergoing opioid withdrawal at the facility. In May 2015, a symptom-triggered protocol was initiated to improve the quality of care and decrease the length of detoxification for veterans treated at the Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Methods:

This paper reflects a 2-phase project that took place from August 2014 through June 2016. Phase 1 focused on the development of a symptom-triggered opioid withdrawal protocol using the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale for assessment and buprenorphine/naloxone or clonidine for treatment. Phase 2 was a retrospective cohort analysis comparing outcomes between group 1, before protocol initiation; group 2, after protocol initiation with clonidine; and group 3, after protocol initiation with buprenorphine/naloxone. The primary outcome assessed was length of detoxification (in days). Secondary outcomes included length of hospitalization (in days) for the index admission, outpatient substance abuse treatment program participation rates, and opioid sobriety rates at 3 months after detoxification.

Results:

A statistically significant reduction in the duration of detoxification days was detected after protocol initiation in veterans who received buprenorphine/naloxone or clonidine in accordance with the protocol.

Discussion:

This retrospective quality analysis supports the use of a symptom-triggered opioid withdrawal protocol using the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale for assessment and clonidine or buprenorphine/naloxone for detoxification treatment.
Consequences of drug use: perspective of the adolescent in rural areas Consequências do uso de drogas: a ótica de adolescente pertencentes ao meio rural
Authors: Ferraz Lucimare , Romancini Fabiane , Camargo Janaina Carneiro , Schneider Luana Roberta
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: conhecer a ótica de adolescentes rurais sobre as consequências do uso de drogas. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada pela metodologia criativo-sensível, com adolescentes do oitavo ano de uma escola rural. Resultado: durante as produções artísticas e depoimentos, os adolescentes do meio rural expressaram que o uso de drogas gera consequências de saúde e sociais, destacando a exposição ao sexo inseguro (gravidez precoce e DST), a violência física e sexual (estupro e atentado ao pudor) e acidentes de transito. Conclusão: os adolescentes pertencentes ao meio rural têm um olhar ampliando a respeito das consequências do uso de drogas. Contudo, isso não significa que estão protegidos frente a essa problemática. Nesse caso, o setor saúde e escolar precisam manter/realizar ações de prevenção ao uso e abuso de drogas junto aos adolescentes.
Mastectomized woman in breast cancer: experience of everyday activities Mulher mastectomizada por câncer de mama: vivência das atividades cotidianas
Authors: Dias Letícia Valente , Muniz Rosani Manfrin , Viegas Aline da Costa , Cardoso Daniela Habekost , Amaral Debora Eduarda Duarte do , Pinto Bruna Knob
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Conhecer a vivência de mulheres mastectomizadas por câncer de mama em relação às atividades cotidianas. Método: Estudo qualitativo, com seis mulheres em acompanhamento oncológico em um hospital de ensino do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturas, de março a junho de 2015, e analisados conforme a proposta operativa. Resultados: Antes da mastectomia, as participantes referiram-se em pleno desempenho de suas capacidades funcionais. Após o procedimento, relataram dificuldades para ações de autocuidado, trabalho e tarefas domésticas. Adoção de estratégias de enfrentamento foi necessária para vencer as barreiras cotidianas. Conclusão: Cada mulher é capaz de conduzir sua caminhada mesmo passando por situações adversas. O apoio da família, amigos, a fé, e a disponibilidade dos serviços de saúde auxiliaram a mulher a se adaptar as alterações decorrentes da mastectomia. Descritores: Neoplasia da mama, Mastectomia, Sobrevivência, Atividades cotidianas.
Sociodemographic characteristics and morbidities among institutionalized elderly without cognitive decline Características sociodemográficas e morbidades entre idosos institucionalizados sem declínio cognitivo
Authors: Vieira Samara Karine Sena Fernandes , Alves Eucário Monteiro , Fernandes Márcia Astrês , Martins Maria do Carmo Carvalho , Lago Eliana Campêlo
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Descrever as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de idosos sem declínio cognitivo de instituições de longa permanência. Métodos: Foi aplicado o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental e um formulário para investigar aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos nos idosos sem declínio cognitivo. Os dados foram analisados através do SPSS 18.0 e do teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: Houve predomínio de idosos sem declínio cognitivo do sexo masculino (55,7%), solteiros (63,29%), com faixa etária  ≥ 75 anos (54,43%), com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (64,56%) e com uso de medicamentos que atuam no sistema cardiovascular (64,56%). Conclusão: É necessário que os idosos institucionalizados sem déficit cognitivo sejam avaliados continuamente para diagnóstico precoce do envelhecimento cognitivo patológico para prevenção de estados demenciais.