bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The medical support of the army in an integrated information network of the logistical support of the armed forces of Ukraine
Authors: Bilous M. V. , Ryzhov O. A. , Shmatenko O. P. , Galan О. V.
Published: January 2020

The Armed Forces (AF) health care system of Ukraine today requires further improvement and development in the direction of unification and interoperability with the medical services ofNATO member countries. One of the important tasks facing the medical service of the Armed Forces ofUkraine, according to the Main Provisions of Logistics Provision of the Armed Forces ofUkraine, is the creation of a single effective system of resource management. The effectiveness of such a system is determined by the quality and reliability of the information used to control the flow processes.

The aim of the work–а study of the singularities of the medical support of the troops in the integrated information network of logistic support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

To achieve the purpose of the research, the analysis of the domestic and foreign scientific literature, the current regulatory framework of Ukraine was conducted. Research methods are: information search, contrast, arrangement and modeling.

While conducting a study of the existing integrated information network of logistics support for military units and units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine it was found that this is one of the largest and most complex nodes. It was found that each node of the logistic information network is connected to other nodes of the transverse and longitudinal canals. The transverse canals connect the nodes inside the echelon, and the longitudinal canals connect the nodes between the echelons. Thus, the information network is a hierarchical network. It has been determined that the set of logistic support nodes is divided into three groups according to the research of foreign military scientists can be called: executives, operators and consumers. It is established that according to the current legislation in the information network of logistic support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the Main Military Medical Directorate, as a body managing the medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, is on par with the Main Logistics Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

A study was conducted to study the peculiarities of the medical provision of troops in the integrated information network of logistical support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. On the basis of theoretical generalization of data of scientific literature and normative-legal acts, the model of the current information network of logistical support of military units and units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine was constructed. The necessity to develop national decision support software in military logistics for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is identified.
Synthesis and antiviral properties derivatives of 1-(para-tolyl)-4-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulene-3-carbothioic acid arylamides
Authors: Demchenko S. A. , Fedchenkova Yu. A. , Іvаsеnко А. М. , Sukhoveev V.V. , Demchenko A. M.
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, H1N1 – strain of so called «swine» or «mexican» subspecie A virus, which is still not studied, and which spreads through aerosol and contact is known to many world countries. Significant number of lethal cases during influenza pandemic season in Ukraine was observed. It should be noted, that patients went to the hospitals in very severe cases, which is why registered daily lethality is in 31,6% of cases.
Everything listed above had made it necessary to conduct preventive measures on global and national levels. One of such measures is creation of new direct action medicinal agents.
The goal of this work was the synthesis of compounds with potential antiviral properties in variety of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid derivatives.
We have chosen derivatives of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid (6 a–e and 7 a–h), which were synthesized by boiling of 1-(para-tolyl)-4-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,4a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulenes (5a or 5b) with corresponding arylisothiocyanates in dry benzene.
Antiviral activity of phenylamid 1-(para-tolyl)-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid against Flu A H1N1 California/07/2009 was researched in Southern Research Institute – SRI, Birmingham, Alabama).
Variety of new derivatives of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid. Composition and structure of all synthesized compounds are proven by data of element analysis and 1Н NMR spectroscopy.
In conducted researches of antiviral activity of phenylamide 1-(para-tolyl)-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid against Flu A H1N1 California/07/2009, it was found out, that synthesized compound shows pronounced antiviral activity, compared to reference medicinal agents Ribavirin and Amizon.
Therefore, conducted researches confirm perspective of development of a new domestic medicinal agent with antiviral activity, based on derivatives of 5,6,7,8,-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulen-3-carbotionic acid.
The study of influence of the extracts obtained from prunus domestica fruits on lipid peroxydation and antioxidant system indicators in liver
Authors: Ali Al-Sahlanee Bashar Jabbar , Senyuk I. V. , Lenchyk L. V. , Upyr T. V.
Published: January 2020

The study of pharmacological properties and experimental substantiation of application possibilities of the plum fruits extracts in the treatment of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system diseases is relevant, because plum is source of phenolic compounds with a wide range of action and is used in folk medicine for treating diseases of digestive system.
The aim of the present work was an experimental study of anti free radical activity by lipid peroxidation indicators and antioxidant properties by the antioxidant system (AOS) indicators of two Plum extracts, detecting the most effective extract and determining its effective dose.
The objects of research were extracts obtained from the fresh plum fruits: plum extract containing fibers (PEF) and extract containing plum polysaccharide complex (PEPC).
Research methods: pharmacological (modeling of alcoholic damage to rat liver), biochemical (determination of the level of diene conjugates, TBA-AP, lipid hydroxyperoxides, reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol in rat liver homogenate) and statistical (using the program «Statistica 6.0», Student’s t-test).
Experimental data on the study of the anti free radical properties of the plum extracts showed inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation, reducing the content of diene conjugates, TBAs, and lipid hydroxyperoxides under conditions of alcoholic liver damage. Regarding the effect of the investigated extracts on the markers of the antioxidant system of hepatocytes, there was an increase in the content of reducing glutathione and α-tocopherol on the alcoholic hepatitis model. The fiber-containing extract (PEF) was the most effective in normalizing the functional state of the liver at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Thus, it was determined that an effective dose of extract with fibers (PEF) was 200 mg/kg. The investigated effects of PEF in 200 mg/kg exceeded the effects of PEPS at the tested doses and were at the level of activity of reference drug «Silibor» in the dose of 25 mg/kg. Anti free radical and antioxidant properties of the PEF are probably related to its chemical composition namely phenolic compounds (anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acids). Considering the results of screening, the most promising subject for further in-depth pharmacological study is plum extract PEF at dose 200 mg/kg.
Data analysis of two-dimensional ground penetration radar profiles in three-dimensional space to study of underground objects
Authors: Đặng Duy Hoàng , Lê Cường Văn Anh , Đặng Trung Hoài , Nguyễn Vấn Thành
Published: January 2020

The Ground Penetrating Radar can be effectively applied in ground surface exploration geophysics. Underground anomalies are shown in the ground penetratingradar slices in the form of signals having similarity in amplitude and phase. Typically, each point-scattering object can be seen as a form of hyperbola. During the Ground Penetrating Radar measurement in an urban environment, the data including information of high frequency electromagnetic waveforms were easily affected by civil noise (human activities, etc.). Shielded antennas could help to eliminate mostly the civil noise, but processing and analysis of the data were still difficult because of attenuation of electromagnetic waves and wave energy dispersion during their propagation in the ground environment. Due to the field geometry condition, 2D profiles were conducted. In order to analyze and interpret data effectively, we processed each 2D profile separately and located all the 2D profiles into the 3D dimensional space for enhancing the ability of illuminating potential 3D anomalies and confirming the reliability of the data interpretation. We studied the data measured at an industrial company at Nhon Trach district, Dong Nai province, Vietnam. Results from the data analysis of ground penetration radar reflected the object in three-dimensional space.
Color removal efficiency of rice husk biochar modified with magnetized iron oxides and nano zero valent iron for decolorization of dyeing wastewater
Authors: Trinh Bao-Son , Thi Kieu Chinh Pham , Đoan Tram Ha
Published: January 2020

Rice husk biochar, a rich-carbon material, can be modified with other reactive elements to improve its original properties for organic-contaminant removal efficiency. In this study, rice husk was heated to 600 oC without air in a closed-furnace for producing the rice husk biochar (BC600). BC600 was then magnetized for making an intermediate magnetized rice husk biochar (BC600-mag). Finally, nano zero valent iron (nZVI) was synthesized on BC600-mag for producing magnetized biochar impregnated nZVI (BC600-mag-nZVI). Batch experiments were conducted to investigate color removal efficiency of BC600-mag-nZVI for the reactive dyes yellow (RY145), red (RR195) and blue (RB19) from dyeing solutions with the initial color concentrations of approximately 400 Pt-Co. Results showed that, for RY145 and RR195, the optimum color removal efficiency (ɳopt) achieved the values of 95 and 93% at doses of 0.50 and 1.50 kg BC600-mag-nZVI/m3 dyeing solution, according to the treated color decreased to 21 and 30 Pt-Co, respectively, which are lower than the allowable discharged standard of column A (≤ 50 Pt-Co) of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT, while for RB19, the ɳopt achieved the values of 63 % at dose of 8.00 kg BC600-mag-nZVI/m3 dyeing solution, according to the treated color decreased to 147 Pt-Co which is lower than the allowable discharged standard of column B (≤ 150 Pt-Co) of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT. In addition, with increasing dose of the modified biochars, the color removal efficiency increased accordingly, achieving almost 100% for RY145 and RR195 and over 70% for RB19. It is concluded that the magnetic-nZVI rice husk biochars effectively removed the reactive dyes. In the other hand, the impregnation of nZVI particles on the biochar backbone spatially separates the particles, prevents their aggregation and therefore enhances their reactivity This study therefore proposes a new application of rice husk biochar modified with magnetized iron oxides and zero valent iron decolorization of dyeing wastewater.
The Effect of Ophiocephalus striatus Extract on Quantitative Measurement of Biceps Brachii and Rectus Femoris in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Nainggolan Hunter Design , Harijanto Eddy , Sugiarto Adhrie , Permadhi Inge , Salamah Thariqah
Published: January 2020

Introduction

A freshwater fish Ophiocephalus striatus (OS) or known locally to Indonesian as haruan, has potentials to retain musclemass of critically ill patients following its high content of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of OS on quantitative measurements of biceps brachii and rectus femoris in patients with mechanical ventilation.

Methods

This was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial at tertiary hospital between July- September 2019. The study included patients aged 18-65 years old with mechanical ventilation whereas patients with chronic kidney disease, paraparesis, or neuromuscular disorders were excluded. Forty-two patients were divided into extract group (n=19) who received 15 g of OS extract daily and control group (n=23) who received none. Quantitative measurements of both muscles were determined by measuring cross sectional area (CSA) using ultrasonography by one radiologist. Data were collected at 1st and 7th day, while the intervention was administered in-between. Independent sample T-test, Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate study using general linear model (GLM) were used for statistical analysis.

Results

The changes of CSA on biceps brachii and rectus femoris muscles from before to after intervention between extract group compared to control group were 5,30 Â± 2,41 to 6,09 Â± 1,81 vs. 5,16 Â± 2,50 to 4,16 Â± 1,94 (p=0.002) and 2,45 (1,10 â€“ 5,90) to 3,47 (1,13 â€“ 8,18) vs 3,85 (1,09 â€“ 9,06) to 2,78 (1,06 â€“ 7,27)  (p=0.230), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences between extract and control group for both muscles with p value of <0.001 and 0.001 respectively.

Conclusion

Supplementation of Ophiocephalus striatus extract was associated with a significant increase of biceps brachii and rectus femoris CSA in patients with mechanical ventilation.

Keywords: Ophiocephalus striatus, ultrasonography, cross sectional area, biceps brachii muscle, rectus femoris muscle
Diagnosis and Management of Female Pattern Hair Loss
Authors: Diba Sarah , Gozali Maria Mayfinna , Kurniawati Yuli
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common hair loss in post-puberty female. Prevalence of this nonscarring alopecia increases with age.  The etiology of FPHL is still unclear, but hormonal and genetic factors are associated with pathogenesis of FPHL. Hormonal factor in FPHL is not as strong as in male pattern hair loss (MPHL). Clinical manifestations of FPHL are characterized by nonscarring baldness with shortening anagen phases and miniaturization of hair follicles, predominantly occur at the vertex, middle, and frontal regions. Hair shedding occurs progressively. The diagnosis of FPHL is established based on clinically. Classification of FPHL is according to Ludwig's criteria. Current FDA-approved FPHL therapy is topical minoxidil 2%, hair transplantation, and low level laser therapy (LLLT). Anti-androgen therapy still needs to be investigated further. The prognosis of FPHL is poor because the progressiveness continues with age. Long term treatment required for FPHL because it is a chronic residif disease. The treatment only prevents the progression of hair loss and does not cure.
The asymmetry of information waves in economic thinking: The experience of financial crises
Authors: Konoplev D. E.
Published: January 2020

The paper considers the asymmetry of information waves and the relation of their news trails with market indicators and exchange rates. It draws on the crises of 1998, 2008 and 2014. The relationship between information waves and scenarios for the development of economic crises is established by comparing the frequency characteristics of certain phrases in the media and the group of financial indicators. A comparative and content analysis shows that the representation of crises in the Russian media coincides with the real state of the national economy only at the initial stage, after which the crises cease to be reflected in economic thinking in accordance with their significance. Thus, the paper concludes that the scale of economic crises is predictable in terms of the size of the information waves’ acute phase generated by these crises.
Book review: Yasin E. G. Russian economy: Lecture course. Book 1: The origins and panorama of market reforms. 2nd ed., revised
Authors: Afanasyev M. P. , Shash N. N.
Published: January 2020

Book review: Yasin E. G. Russian economy: Lecture course. Book 1: The origins and panorama of market reforms. 2nd ed., revised.
Survey on Clustering High-Dimensional data using Hubness
Authors: Chaudahri Miss. Archana , Vani Mr. Nilesh
Published: January 2020

Most data of interest today in data-mining applications is complex and is usually represented by many different features. Such high-dimensional data is by its very nature often quite difficult to handle by conventional machine-learning algorithms. This is considered to be an aspect of the well known curse of dimensionality. Consequently, high-dimensional data needs to be processed with care, which is why the design of machine-learning algorithms needs to take these factors into account. Furthermore, it was observed that some of the arising high-dimensional properties could in fact be exploited in improving overall algorithm design. One such phenomenon, related to nearest-neighbor learning methods, is known as hubness and refers to the emergence of very influential nodes (hubs) in k-nearest neighbor graphs. A crisp weighted voting scheme for the k-nearest neighbor classifier has recently been proposed which exploits this notion.
HoT Turning Operation in Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Bhaskar P. , Naik S. Jithendra , Balasubramanyam L.
Published: January 2020

There is a requirement for materials of high hardness and protection from cutting. As we probably aware the machining of these materials has dependably been an incredible test. Machining of these composites and materials required for cutting high-quality, which now and again isn't prudent and in some cases even illogical. Also, even the non-ordinary procedures are by and large constrained to the perspective of efficiency. The benefits of simple part assembling of exorbitant hard materials can be considerable as far as decreasing expenses and lead times machined contrasted with the customary one includes the warmth treatment, granulating and manual completing/cleaning. In the hot working at a temperature of work piece is expanded in order to decrease its shear quality. This paper will centre around hot working of high manganese steel with oil fuel. A few parameters, for example, cutting pace, feed, profundity of cut and the temperature of the work piece are taken. An investigation was led. Indeed, even the machining process was reproduced in ANSYS and Disfigure 2D to discover relating distortion, rate of hardware wear, cutting power and the temperature dissemination.
Technology Advancement : Implementation of Real Time Mode in Higher Education Examination System
Authors: Shinkar Pravin Pandit , Lal Dr. Bechoo
Published: January 2020

In this research article the researcher emphasized thetas move into the 21st century, many factors are bringing strong forces to bear on the adoption of ICTs in education and contemporary trends suggest will soon see large scale changes in the way education is planned and delivered as a consequence of the opportunities and affordances of ICT. It is believed that the use of ICT in education can increase access to learning opportunities. It can help to enhance the quality of education with advanced teaching methods, improve learning outcomes and enable reform or better management of education systems. By employing ICT in teacher training can save a lot of money of the Government. Moreover a lot of qualitative improvement can be seen as resource persons for the training can be best of the world. By employing ICT in administration can help in solving the problem of Absenteeism of students and teachers. Good quality content is one of the major issue and directly affects the standards of education and quality. By overcoming the certain challenges involved in the process of education can help a lot in this side. Conclusively a lot of quality improvement is possible after careful and planned implementation of ICT in education examination System with the help of real time mode.
A Review on Computer - Aided Formulation Development
Authors: R. G. Chaudhari , D. B. Raut , P. A. Barhewar , A. S. Mali , K. B. Burade
Published: January 2020

This chapter introduces the concept of formulation development assisted by computer applications. Development and optimization of various types of pharmaceutical emulsions microemulsions, self- microemulsifying systems, and double emulsions are presented. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the ability of computer-aided tools to facilitate formulation development. Various techniques, such as design of experiments and arti?cial neural networks, are implemented for optimization of the formulation and/or processing parameters. Furthermore, some of the critical quality attributes and processing parameters are optimized simultaneously. The examples presented should serve as the foundation for the future quality- by-design development of pharmaceutical emulsion and (self) microemulsion formulations.
The Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse and Filter Mud Compost Fertilizer and Manure Application on the Growth and Production of Sugarcane
Authors: Rahmad Mr , Asrul Laode , Kuswinanti Tutik , Musa Yunus
Published: January 2020

Sugarcane requires land conditions that contain high organic matter to support growth and production. Giving compost from the results of the utilization of the byproducts of sugarcane processing in the form of bagasse and filter mud is expected to increase the sugarcane productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of compost from the sugarcane bagasse, filter mud and cow manure using the decomposer and Trico Plus mushroom consortium on the growth and production of sugarcane. The experiment was carried out in the form of a randomized block design consisting of eight treatments and three replications. Each treatment was applied as much as 15 tons per hectare, NPK basic fertilizer for all 350 kg treatments per hectare. The results showed that the treatment of compost provides a higher number of sugarcane saplings compared to without the provision of compost. The compost C treatment gave the highest number of sugarcane saplings and the highest number of segments of 7.45 sugarcane saplings and 18.33 segments. Treatment G gave the highest plant height of 283.30 cm, treatment B gave the highest segment length of 15.17 cm, stem diameter of 2.62 cm, stem height of 163.00 cm, sugarcane stem weight of 158.36 kg per plot and 97.655 tons per hectare and POL value 31.32% while treatment E gave the highest Briks value of 23.43%. G treatment gave the best plant height value of 283.30 cm. Giving compost from the results of mixing bagasse, filter mud and manure using the mushroom and Trico Plus consortiums gave better results on growth, and production of sugar cane compared to without the provision of compost.
浅谈现代医院设备维修管理工作
Authors: 王 京
Published: January 2020

本文对医院医疗设备维修过程中存在的问题进行了阐述,并给出了相应的解决措施,希望更先进的医疗设备能在我国的医疗事业中起到更大的作用。
新时代基础医学理论的发展路径
Authors: 王 耘
Published: January 2020

医学始终是与当时最前沿的学术思想和社会的主流意识共同发展的,医学的未来也必将与最新的社会发展趋势和最前沿的思想理论、技术方法结合起来,获得医学和基础医学理论自身的快速发展。信息技术、数据科学是当下社会和科技发展的主要趋势,为基础医学理论的发展提供了方法和工具,可以为医学不同领域、不同历史阶段的发展产生“催化”作用。本文分析了医学理论系统、临床诊疗体系、数据科学三者之间的关系,并指出信息技术、数据科学将为基础医学理论的发展产生革命性的影响,并加速医学向自动化、智能化的发展。
Turizm Öğrencilerinin Yenilikçilik Eğilimleri Algılarının Demografik Farklılıkları Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: MESCİ Muammer , MESCİ Zeynep , TİZGİLİ Sümeyye
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı turizm eğitimi alan son sınıf öğrencilerinin yenilikçilik eğilimlerini demografik özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirleyebilmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 4 yıllık bir turizm eğitim ve öğretim kurumunun turizm bölümünde turizm eğitimi alan son sınıf öğrencilerinin yenilikçilik eğilimleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yönteminden yararlanılmış ve anket tekniği ile toplam 220 öğrenciden veriler toplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, öğrencilerin yenilikçilik eğilimleri ile turizm sektöründe çalışmayı düşünmesi, çalışmak istenilen sektör, iş kurma olasılığı ve işyeri kurulması düşünülen bölge düşünceleri arasında anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ALGILANAN FAYDA VE SÜRÜ DAVRANIŞININ DİJİTAL İÇERİK PAYLAŞMA DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: İNAL Mert , OKUTAN Semih
Published: January 2020

Sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla etkili ve değerli
içerik oluşturularak, tutundurma faaliyetlerinin en uygun şekilde yapılabilmesi
ve müşteri beklentilerinin karşılanması noktasında dijital içerik pazarlaması günümüzde
önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada firmaların sosyal medya aracılığıyla paylaştığı
dijital içeriğin algılanan faydasının ve sürü davranışının, tüketicilerin bu dijital
içeriği başkalarıyla paylaşma davranışı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir.  Araştırma bağlamında veri toplama aracı
olarak geliştirilen anket formu kasti örnekleme ile seçilmiş 493 katılımcıya
çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi bulgularına göre
dijital içerik pazarlaması faaliyetlerinin tüketiciler tarafından algılanan eğlence,
güvenirlik ve maddi faydaları ile sürü davranışının,  içeriği paylaşım davranışı üzerinde etkili
olduğu saptanmış, ancak bilgilendirme faydasının anlamlı bir etki yaratmadığı
görülmüştür.  Çalışma bulgularının hem
ülkemizdeki içerik pazarlaması literatürüne hem de sosyal medyada uygulanacak
olan içerik pazarlaması faaliyetlerinin tasarlanması ve duyurulması noktasında
işletmelere yönelik katkıları olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Market Failure: Reasons and Its Accomplishments
Authors: Touhidul Islam Md.
Published: January 2020

In free market economy; at present there are lots of reasons of market failure. The aim of this paper is to find out those reasons and analyses the probable solutions for recovering those market failures. This paper shows that market failure mostly resulting from an incomplete information as well as information asymmetry between providers and consumers, the effect of externalities, imperfect information, imperfect mobility of factors of production, income inequality, market dominance, negative externalities, positives externalities, public goods and the divergence between social and private time preference rates. Lot of solutions have been found out to overcome the market failure includes Tax on Negative Externalities, Subsidy on positive externalities, Laws and Regulations, Buffer stocks, Government advertising and campaigns. The conceptual framework has been developed by finding and evaluating the market failure overcoming factors where the free market economy can reach to the market equilibrium position from the market disequilibrium condition. Thus, the recommendations of this research will be helpful for home govt. and Businessman to keep the open market in equilibrium position.
Exchange Rate Management and Regime: Quo Vadis Nigeria?
Authors: Udochukwu Godfrey Ogbonna , Chukwu Agwu Ejem
Published: January 2020

This study investigated a pertinent question on the lips of every Nigerian; exchange rate regime, Quo Vadis Nigeria? Nigeria, Quo Vadis (where do we go)? under two alternative managed floating regimes; Dutch Auction System and post Dutch Auction System regimes, within the Autoregressive Distributive Lag methodology using monthly data covering from July 2002 to July 2017. The results for the full sample show that none of the selected macroeconomic variables has a significant short run relationship with the nominal effective exchange rate. In the long run, all the variables, except interbank rate, show negative relationship with nominal effective exchange rate. However, while the effects of oil prices, interbank rate and the prime lending rate are significant, the effects of inflation and stock prices are insignificant. The results for the Dutch Auction System sample show little evidence of a negative short run relationship between nominal effective exchange rate and inflation while oil prices, prime lending rate, interbank rate and stock prices all show no evidence of a short run relationship with exchange rate. On the contrary, oil prices, prime lending rates and stock prices all show significant negative long run relationship with nominal effective exchange rate. The results for the post Dutch Auction System sample show evidence of a positive short run relationship between stock prices, interbank rate and nominal effective exchange rate. On the other hand, inflation, oil prices and prime lending rate show no short run relationship nominal effective exchange rate. However, there is evidence of a lagged positive relationship between inflation and nominal exchange rate. The cointegration test for post Dutch Auction System sample gives inconclusive results. We therefore, conclude that the choice of exchange rate regime matters for macroeconomics performance in Nigeria and that the closure of the Dutch Auction system by the monetary authorities significantly altered the relationship between nominal exchange effective exchange rate and macroeconomic variables.
The Evolution and Models of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Visagie Prof. J. C. , Sibanda Dr. V. , Coetzee Dr. R.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Consequently, the purpose of this review paper is to trace the historical and conceptual evolution of CSR. Design: Literature review Findings: Company must respond to meet demand in order to be more reputable and remain profitable. Contesting views have given birth to a myriad of theories on CSR over the past decades as a clear testimony that the concept of CSR is dynamic and continues to evolve. Practical implications: This paper traces the key milestones in the evolution of CSR from the earliest debates between Dodd and Berle in the 1930s followed by arguments on CSR by Friedman in the 1970s up to the current theories Social implications: Trends have moved from corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes, to sustainable development, to sustainability, to social responsibility Original value: Since the 1950s, many scholars have been researching CSR from different points of view. In order to understand CSR’s impact on organisation behavior, it is necessary to comprehend its progression.
Intercultural Communication Strategy in Interethnic Marriage in Tapal Kuda Areas, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Haryono Akhmad , Wibisono Bambang
Published: January 2020

Conflicts in the family and between families that often lead to divorce often occur among ethnic marriages in the Tapal Kuda areas. This study intends to explore and describe the communication strategies used in inter-ethnic communication as an effort to anticipate and resolve intra and inter-family conflict perpetrators of interethnic marriages. The ethnographic approach to communication with the focus on sociolinguistic study is used to achieve the research objectives. Research informants are inter-ethnic marriages, parents, religious leaders, and KUA officers who are often involved in overcoming issues related to marriage and divorce. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews, and recording. The collected data were transfered in written data and analyzed qualitatively and descriptively with sociolinguistic, ethnographic communication, and pragmatic theories. This research results found that there are three factors that often trigger the failure of communication in inter-ethnic marriages so that they can often also be obstacles to the achievement of speech objectives. These three things are language skills, interaction skills, and cultural knowledge. However, the most dominant thing that occurs and often invites criticism from other cultures is the knowledge and understanding of the culture of other speech communities.
Optimizing Alkaline Extraction for Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp Bleaching
Authors: SHACKFORD LEWIS D. , SANTOS CARLOS A. , COLODETTE JORGE L. , ALVES ERICKA F.
Published: January 2020

This paper evaluates different approaches for the (E*) stage of the DHT(E*)D sequence for eucalyp-tus kraft pulp bleaching to 90%–91% ISO brightness, considering kappa factors 0.12, 0.16, and 0.20 in the first
stage. These (E*) approaches included E, (EO), (EP), (EOP), (PO), PHT, O, and (O/O) stages run at two tempera-tures. Results were compared on the basis of total active chlorine demand, chemical cost, pulp brightness stability
and viscosity, and effluent load. We concluded that a DHT kappa factor of 0.12 and a (PO) stage run at 85°C–95°C appeared to be the most attractive approach for bleaching eucalyptus pulp with the DHT(E*)D sequence, consider-ing cost-effectiveness, pulp quality, and effluent load; however, when the steam cost is taken into consideration, the cost advantage was lost.
Comparisons of Initial Experiments and Reactor Model Predictions in High Temperature Black Liquor Gasification
Authors: MARKLUND MAGNUS , GEBART RIKARD , TEGMAN RAGNAR
Published: January 2020

Pressurized high temperature black liquor gasification might significantly improve the efficiency of the energy and chemical recovery cycle in kraft pulping. The process, which is based on the entrained-flow principle, is under development, and a scale-up from an existing pilot gasifier is planned. We developed a self-consistent com-putational fluid dynamic (CFD) model, in conjunction with pilot gasifier experiments, as a tool for scale-up. This report compares model predictions against experimental pilot gasifier data. The agreement between model and experiments is encouraging in certain areas, but significant discrepancies resulted for other areas. Model predic-tions of global performance parameters, such as sulfate reduction efficiency and carbon conversion, are in reason-able agreement with the experiments, but the predicted gas composition differed significantly from results of the experiments. Direct measurements of quantities to validate the current model validation are difficult to obtain because of severe conditions in the gasifier, and many of the model comparisons are based on indirect values. Hence, it is difficult to judge whether the errors come from the experiment or the simulation. Before we can draw a definite conclusion about the model’s validity, improved in-situ measurements inside the gasifier are necessary and are currently under development.
Corrosion of Carbon Steel Tubes in the Mid-Furnance of Kraft Recovery Boilers--Environmental Characterization
Authors: SINGH PREET M. , BEHRANI VIKAS R. , MAHMOOD JAMSHAD
Published: January 2020

Carbon steel tubes in the mid-furnace of kraft recovery boilers have experienced accelerated corro-sion in recent years. Gaseous environments in the mid-furnace of kraft recovery boilers were generally considered to be oxidizing and not very corrosive to the carbon steel waterwall tubes. However, mid-furnace corrosion has occurred above the cut line where composite tubes that have a stainless steel outer layer used in the lower furnace are welded to the carbon steel waterwall section. This study characterized the local environments in three boilers to find the reasons for accelerated corrosion of waterwalls in the mid-furnace. Gas sampling ports were installed in the mid-furnace with high and low corrosion rates of carbon steel waterwall tubes. During boiler operation, gases were sampled and analyzed using a specially designed gas chromatograph. In each boiler, the areas with higher corrosion rates had higher concentrations of reducing gases and sulfur-containing gases at the waterwall surface than in the low-corrosion areas. Results from this study indicate that accelerated mid-furnace corrosion likely results from changes in the boiler operation, such as decreases in the air supply at the lower air port levels of the furnace. These changes also might result in higher local gas temperatures and local thermal cycling in the mid-furnace of boilers.
PENYEBARAN POLUTAN DI KEGIATAN PEMANFAATAN OLI BEKAS
Authors: Agung Tuhu , Puji Laksono Hardian
Published: January 2020

Aktivitas industri pada proses pemanfaatan oli bekas menghasilkan emisi salah satunya berupa CO yang berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Sebagian besar CO diemisikan melalui cerobong dan terdispersi disekitar area industri, sesuai kondisi meteorologi lokalnya. Dalam penelitian telah dianalisis kuantitas emisi debu dari cerobong industri pemanfaat oli bekas dan pola sebarannya. Pola sebaran dibedakan dalam periode musim kemarau.

Pola dispersi CO di area sekitar industri diestimasi menggunakan persamaan umum model Gauss. Karakteristik udara menggunakan data iklim periode pengamatan tahun 2018. Hasil analisis pola umum angin berupa arah dan kecepatan angin digambarkan dalam mawar angin (wind rose). Stabilitas atmosfer ditentukan berdasarkan kecepatan angin dan pola radiasi harian. Perhitungan konsentrasi ambien dilakukan pada setiap titik dengan perubahan 50 meter searah angin (sumbu–x) dan arah tegak lurus arah angin (sumbu-y) dari masing-masing titik cerobong. Hasil ini kemudian dianalisis dan digambarkan dalam peta konsentrasi yang dioverlay pada peta wilayah penelitian.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola angin pada kondisi atmosfer rata-rata musim kemarau (bulan Oktober) dominan ke arah selatan. Stabilitas atmosfer berdasarkan data meteorologi diperoleh pada periode musim kemarau adalah katogori D (Netral). Sebaran emisi berupa CO paling tinggi cerobong 1 adalah 118,94 μg/m3 dengan jarak 150 meter dari sumber emisi. Konsentrasi maksimum CO pada musim kemarau yang bersumber dari Cerobong 2 adalah 124,14 μg/m dengan jarak 150 meter. Pada sebaran jarak terjauh 500 meter cerobong 1 adalah 34,07 μg/Nm3 dan cerobong 2 adalah 35,90 μg/Nm3. Sedangkan persebaran emisi kearah barat daya dengan arah angin ke selatan pada stabilitas atmosfer D konsentrasi maksimum CO pada musim kemarau yang bersumber dari Cerobong 1 adalah 106,02 μg/m3 dengan jarak x 150 meter dari sumber emisi. Konsentrasi maksimum CO pada musim kemarau yang bersumber dari Cerobong 2 adalah 110,66 μg/m dengan jarak x 150 meter dari sumber emisi. Pada jarak terjauh yaitu jarak x 400 meter konsentrasi CO pada musim kemarau yang bersumber dari Cerobong 1 adalah 44,34 μg/Nm3 dan Cerobong 2 adalah 46,70 μg/Nm3 dari sumber emisi.
EVALUASI HASIL PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PADA INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Rhomadhoni Muslikha Nourma
Published: January 2020

Hasil pemantauan menunjukkan kualitas buangan air IPAL belum optimal. Parameter limbah cair rumah sakit melampaui baku mutu Peraturan Gubernur Jawa Timur No. 72 tahun 2013, yaitu parameter BOD, COD dan fosfat serta parameter mikrobiologi yaitu escheriacoli. Kecenderungan hasil pemantauan meningkat selama tiga tahun terakhir khususnya pada rumah sakit milik swasta. Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup menyatakan bahwa “Setiap orang diperbolehkan membuang limbah ke media lingkungan hidup dengan persyaratan memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan hidup dan mendapatkan izin dari pemerintah”. Jika hasil pengolahan limbah cair rumah sakit tersebut tidak memenuhi baku mutu tentu melanggar ketentuan dan akan mendapatkan denda dan sanksi pidana. Tujuan untuk Mengevaluasi sumber daya manusia, anggaran, metode dan material dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pada Instalasi Pengolahan Limbah Cair (IPAL) Rumah Sakit Swasta di Kota Surabaya. Jenis  penelitian adalah deskripsi dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel air limbah effluen IPAL, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian bahwa dalam pengelolaan air limbah di rumah sakit perlu oprimasi peran SDM, anggaran, metode dan material. Pengelolaan air limbah rumah sakit yang baik perlu dukungan manajemen rumah sakit agar hasil pengolahan limbah cair mendapatkan hasil optimal.
Road Safety Macro Assessment Model: Case Study for Hungary
Authors: Ágoston György , Madleňák Radovan
Published: January 2020

Road traffic crashes are a considerable concern in motorized countries because of their impact on society, economy. The number of accidents has decreased since 2000. This paper gives an overview of road safety on Hungary's road network and reviews the efforts that were done. Statistical prediction of road traffic crashes is described based on the findings of the scientific literature. Using the data provided by the Hungarian Central Statistical Office for the number of crashes and related factors for the period from 2002 to 2017, a new relationship is established between crashes and a number of related factors in an attempt to improve the models' prediction power and to investigate the effect of adding new predictors on the strength of the models.
Комунікативний потенціал розвитку громадянської компетентності студентської молоді
Authors: Zhadan Iryna
Published: January 2020

Проаналізовано результати дослідження комунікативних практик громадянської самоідентифікації молоді в ракурсі перспектив розвитку компетентної громадянської поведінки. Експліковано смисли комунікативних практик студентства, які гальмують, а почасти й унеможливлюють розвиток громадянської компетентності, та визначено обставини, сприятливі для трансформування цих смислів у бажані (можливі, ідеальні). З’ясовано, що становлення громадянської компетентності гальмується: а) невідрефлексованістю ціннісних смислів громадянської активності (чому це потрібно мені, спільноті, державі?); б) уявленнями молоді про сучасність і актуальність сенсів індивідуалізації на противагу ідентифікації; в) неартикульованістю цілей громадянської активності молоді (що саме я можу змінити у своєму житті і функціонуванні держави?), що гальмує конструювання прогностичних моделей громадянської активності та її результатів, тож студентство не бачить реальних можливостей для самореалізації у власній державі; г) обмеженістю смислів, що репрезентують інструментальні аспекти громадянської самоідентифікації; д) екстернальністю молоді, яка артикулює прагнення змінювати і контролювати своє життя і водночас відповідальність за все покладає на владу, не переживаючи при цьому когнітивного дисонансу; е) практикуванням молоддю міфів стабільності і справедливості, зокрема і в електоральному виборі; є) схематичністю і дискретністю смислів відповідальності, взаємодії участі, добробуту, які артикулюються як метафори-шаблони, без аналізу детермінант, засобів і форм та наслідків. Визначено ресурси комунікації, які можуть бути задіяні для конструювання тих смислів громадянської активності, які зумовлюють компетентну громадянську поведінку. Змодельовано ситуації комунікації, які стимулюватимуть трансформування метафоричних компонентів комунікативних практик громадянської самоідентифікації молоді.
Негативні психологічні явища в політико-правовій сфері і ризики ідентичності
Authors: Dukhnevych Vitalii M.
Published: January 2020

Показано, що в основі негативних психологічних явищ політико-правового характеру лежать уявлення громадян про порушення їхніх прав та свобод, уявлення про необхідність відновлення справедливості, особливості сприйняття себе та інших як громадян і пов’язані з цим проблеми, думки та умовиводи щодо політико-правової дійсності. Політико-правову ідентичність визначено як парціальний вияв самовизначення людини щодо політико-правової дійсності і тих соціальних цінностей та громадянських прав, забезпечення яких є для держави пріоритетом. Описано три генералізовані обставини, що визначають специфіку та змістове наповнення процесу самоідентифікації. Перша обставина формування різних ідентичностей – поділ на тих, хто підтримав Революцію Гідності, і тих, хто вважає події 2013–2014 рр. не цілком легітимними. Друга обставина – це тлумачення подій у країні в категоріях “громадянська війна” – “російська агресія”. Третя генералізована обставина презентована дихотомією “патріоти – не-патріоти”. Крім того, зроблено аналіз процесів ідентифікації громадян у ракурсах “армія – ополченці”, “місцеві – переселенці”, “особи, що мешкають, поблизу лінії розмежування – ті, для кого війна далеко”. Визначено основні ризики ідентичності у зв’язку з воєнними діями на сході: 1) значна поляризація уявлень прихильників і супротивників Революції Гідності; 2) невиробленість спільного (або узгодженого) бачення подій на сході (“громадянська війна” чи “російська агресія”?); 3) оцінка влади як непатріотичної (корумпованої, злочинної) – патріотами є прості українці; 4) упередження щодо переселенців (“чоловіки зі сходу не захищають свою землю”, “вони вчинюють злочини” тощо); 5) толерантність до використання зброї, звикання до війни; 6) розвиток негативних ідентичностей (“ВСУшник”, “бандерівець”, “сепаратист”); 7) соціальна мімікрія як актуалізація механізму виживання; 8) уявлення про несумісність певних ідентичностей як інструмент утягування в конфлікт; 9) поглиблення протиставлення між мешканцями окремих регіонів країни; 10) радикалізація свідомості (люди готові відстоювати свої права, боротися за справедливість, навіть якщо це буде в нелегітимний спосіб, навіть зі зброєю в руках); 11) міфологізація політичних переконань; 12) значні упередження та взаємні звинувачення ідейних супротивників (людей, що перебувають по різні сторони лінії розмежування); 13) руйнування української і загальноукраїнської ідентичностей унаслідок створення і використання різноманітних міфів та нищення відчуття безпеки в громадян.
Психологічні засоби підвищення адаптивності спільноти до наслідків воєнного конфлікту
Authors: Korobka Larysa
Published: January 2020

За результатами узагальнення і систематизації даних теоретичного та емпіричного вивчення проблеми психологічних стратегій адаптації спільноти до умов і наслідків воєнного конфлікту в процесі зміцнення громадського здоров’я представлено організацію дослідження з метою вироблення й апробації психологічних засобів підвищення адаптивності спільноти. Обґрунтовано теоретичні засади вироблення психологічних засобів та необхідність їх застосування для підвищення адаптивності спільноти до наслідків воєнного конфлікту та зміцнення як індивідуального, так і громадського здоров’я. Запропоновано соціально-психологічну модель зміцнення громадського здоров’я як умови адаптації спільноти до кризових умов життя, у якій зроблено акценти: на сприянні комунікації, спрямованій на поліпшення поінформованості з питань здоров’я, підвищення відповідальності в ставленні до нього та набуття компетентності щодо його збереження; на посиленні відчуття зв’язності та підвищенні психологічної пружності як здатності жити повноцінним і продуктивним життям попри різні обмеження, зберігати і підвищувати рівень благополуччя; на посиленні здатності використовувати стресову ситуацію як можливість для подальшого розвитку, тобто на посттравматичному зростанні; на посиленні рефлексивних процесів та активізації індивідуальних і колективних ресурсів для подолання наслідків воєнного конфлікту. Розкрито зміст розробленої програми соціально-психологічної роботи, спрямованої на підвищення рівня когнітивної, емоційної та поведінкової компетентності громади, зокрема представників педагогічної спільноти, з метою активізації ресурсів підвищення адаптивності та зміцнення здоров’я як умови адаптації до складних життєвих ситуацій. Здійснено аналіз отриманих результатів апробації психологічних засобів, які засвідчили можливість і перспективність запобігання негативним наслідкам воєнного конфлікту через посилення відчуття зв’язності як здатності контролювати здоров’я та добробут; самоефективності як основи людської суб’єктності; індивідуальної і колективної рефлексивності щодо важливості та можливості активізації індивідуальних і колективних зусиль, спрямованих на підвищення адаптивності та подолання негативних соціально-психологічних наслідків воєнного конфлікту.