bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Framework for Judicial Data Collection in Pakistan
Authors: Khadam Nadia , Zahoor Saadia , Gondal Sana Taha , Tatari Salvat Kainat
Published: February 2020

The judicial statistics, as collected and represented in annual reports by the Law and Justice Commission of Pakistan (LJCP), require presentation in a more analytical form. The current focus on raw numerical figures merely leads to repetition of an exercise on an annual basis that does not effectively contribute in policymaking for improvement of the legal and judicial system of Pakistan. Analyzing that the court structure in the country is divided into different tiers, a rudimentary framework for presentation of judicial data is proposed for further periodical reporting of judicial statistics. The paper looks at the judicial data and statistics in Pakistan, with a view to reform and improve it. Using qualitative method, various academic reports and papers from different jurisdictions have been consulted in order to suggest a basic framework for presentation of judicial data in Pakistan.
Neurogenesis, Myelination, and Circuitry: The Case for a Distributed Therapeutic Regimen in Down Syndrome
Authors: Haydar Tarik F.
Published: February 2020

One of the overriding hopes of the Down syndrome (DS) research community is to arrive at a better understanding of how trisomy 21 affects brain development and function, and that doing so will improve quality of life and independence for people with DS. In searching for the underlying causes of intellectual disability in DS, researchers and clinicians have studied how changes to genes and cells may relate to motor and cognitive function. Thus far, alterations in many areas of the central nervous system have been found and it is now known that, beginning before birth, different changes occur in different areas over the course of life. Because of these spatial and temporal variations, multiple approaches for addressing motor and cognitive function must be considered.
The OpenROADM initiative [Invited]
Authors: Birk Martin , Renais Olivier , Lambert Guillaume , Betoule Christophe , Thouenon Gilles , Triki Ahmed , Bhardwaj Dhruv , Vachhani Shweta , Padi Narayan , Tse Simon
Published: February 2020

Historically, reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs) have been proprietary with respect to their data and control planes. There has been a growing desire among network operators to move away from such proprietary elements. Together with other network operators and industry partners, we have created the OpenROADM multi-source agreement and published interoperability specifications as well as YANG data models for OpenROADM-compliant hardware and software. This paper provides an overview of the OpenROADM initiative, its current status, and the results from interoperability tests. It also includes a description of the OpenDaylight TransportPCE project for an OpenROADM-compliant software-defined networking controller.
Light-enhanced room-temperature gas sensing performance of femtosecond-laser structured silicon after natural aging
Authors: Liu Xiao-Long , Zhao Yang , Zhao Li , Zhuang Jun
Published: February 2020

Silicon has been studied as a room-temperature material for electrical-based gas sensing but the sensing performance after surface passivation or natural aging is unacceptable. In the present work, we report that for a gas sensor based on the femtosecond-laser structured silicon hyperdoped with sulfur, the gas sensing performance after long-term aging can be significantly enhanced by using a photovoltaic sensing mechanism. After sensor aging, the recorded response/recovery time is 478/2550 s in response to 50 ppm NH3. In comparison, by using the new mechanism, the response/recovery time is much decreased and the shortest is recorded as 292/930 s. Moreover, the relative gas response could be increased by nearly 2 orders of magnitude. Even at a dryer environment where the gas adsorption/desorption process could take hours long, a much enhanced and rapid response is available in the same way. The enhanced sensing performance could be controlled by the bias voltage or by the light density. The results show that for the aged silicon surface, it can also be a potential gas sensing material through different working principles.
Bionic-compound-eye structure for realizing a compact integral imaging 3D display in a cell phone with enhanced performance
Authors: Zhao Zi-Feng , Liu Juan , Zhang Zhi-Qi , Xu Liang-Fa
Published: February 2020

A bionic-compound-eye structure (BCES), which is a substitute of a microlens array, is proposed to enhance the performance of integral imaging (II) 3D display systems. Hexagonal ocelli without gaps and barriers are predesigned to obtain a continuous image, high-resolution, and uniform parallax. A curved substrate is designed to enhance the viewing angle. In addition, ocelli are fused with the substrate to form a relief structure, BCES. When they are placed above a normal display, continuous and full-parallax 3D images with 150 µm effective resolution and a 28° horizontal, 22° vertical viewing angle could be achieved, about twice as much as that of normal systems. The weight of the BCES is 31 g, and the thickness of the whole system is 22 mm; thus, the BCES-based II (BCES-II) is very compact. In addition, this structure can be easily integrated into a cell phone or iPad for compact quasi-2D and 3D adjustable display.
Quantum statistical signature of $ {\cal P}{\cal T} $PT symmetry breaking
Authors: Longhi Stefano
Published: February 2020

In multiparticle quantum interference, bosons show rather generally the tendency to bunch together, while fermions cannot. This behavior, which is rooted in the different statistics of the particles, results in a higher coincidence rate

P

for fermions than for bosons, i.e., 

P

(
b
o
s
)

<

P

(
f
e
r
m
)

. However, in lossy systems, such a general rule can be violated because bosons can avoid lossy regions. Here it is shown that, in a rather general optical system showing passive parity–time (

P

T

) symmetry, at the

P

T

symmetry breaking phase transition point, the coincidence probabilities for bosons and fermions are equalized, while in the broken

P

T

phase, the reversal

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(
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o
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)

>

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is observed. Such effect is exemplified by considering the passive

P

T

-symmetric optical directional coupler.
Chekhov’s fiddle: Towards a musical poetics of fiction
Authors: Creighton Alexander
Published: February 2020

This article explores what it means to listen to Chekhov and how this listening can provide a useful comparative framework for the study of time in short fiction. Since the tune of Chekhov’s stories lies partly in their strategic silences, we must attend as much to the unsaid, the musical rests, as to what is told. To theorize the meaningful relations that exist in and between a story’s silences and its words, I analyse two of Chekhov’s stories – ‘Easter Night’ and ‘The Bishop’ – with respect to two key terms: melodic setting and harmonic characterization. These terms refer to phenomena that run counter to our assumptions regarding character and setting by asserting that the movement we associate with the former and the stasis we associate with the latter are reductive. In music, movement and stasis are not always clear-cut terms; harmony and melody are interdependent and influence one another. Even in a symphonic form like the sonata, built around development, stasis plays a role; even in a song that dwells in the description of one mood or conflict, there is development and change. The language of music accommodates the possibility of several independent variables moving simultaneously through time, which, as Chudakov and Woolf notice of Chekhov’s work, is part of what makes even the shortest of his stories so profound.
Choses d'apparat: The poetics of dress in Michel Leiris's L'Afrique fantôme
Authors: Poiana Peter
Published: February 2020

Michel Leiris's treatment of clothing in L'Afrique fantôme, his diary account of his journey through Africa as part of an ethnographic expedition, demonstrates how dress habits constitute a value-laden system. Clothing belongs to a category of objects, which includes talismans and masks, that Leiris calls 'choses d'apparat' because of their tendency to acquire a ceremonial significance. As such, they mark indelibly the travellers' first impressions of the men and women they encounter. Leiris's substantial body of autobiographical writing shows that his interest in clothing is not limited to his travels but goes back to his most distant childhood memories, in which items of dress acquire a distinct theatrical significance. The present study examines the descriptions of dress in L'Afrique fantôme in terms of what they reveal about the respective attitudes of the European travellers and local populations they meet. It explains also how dress habits function as a bearer of cultural values and as a mediator in situations of intercultural contact. It shows finally how dress plays a key part in Leiris's critique of exoticism and colonial stereotypes, by means of which he engages in a different kind of human exchange than that practiced by his scientifically trained colleagues.
About reality: Relations between museums and virtual reality1
Authors: Gobira Pablo , de Oliveira Silva Emanuelle
Published: February 2020

Abstract In this article we discuss how museums, as knowledge institutions, enable the public to use virtual reality (VR) as an instrument for exhibitions. Most current research is about integrating VR into the traditional frame of a museum to enable a deeper and more meaningful
understanding of the displayed artworks. This happens because of a narrow view of the concept of 'reality'. To start this discussion we are going to broaden the concept of 'reality', and go beyond the most commonly used terms of real and virtual. We will study some case applications of VR
in museums and the way it is understood, to then bring about the range of possibilities it has beyond the common use. We will work with the most widely accepted theories on museums and based on Roy Ascott's works we will present a deeper discussion on the topic of realities.
A jelenlét tapasztalata az Iskolában
Authors: Hernádi Mária
Published: February 2020

Az Iskola a határon című regényt elemző írások számos értékes kísérletet tettek a szereplők lélekfejlődési ívének felrajzolására, a „belső szabadsághoz” való eljutás lépcsőfokainak számbavételére. Jelen előadás kiindulópontja az az ugrásszerű, racionálisan nem magyarázható szintváltás, vagy inkább szint-áttörés, ami a lelki „kiszabadulás” tapasztalatait Bébé és Medve párhuzamos történeteiben megelőzi. Az a feltevésünk, hogy a belső szabadságra jutás közvetlen kiváltója mindig a jelenlét kivételesen intenzív tapasztalata. Ez a tapasztalat a Szereplő Énből a Néző Énbe való eljutást is jelenti, vagyis radikális nézőpontváltást, s annak a horizontnak a felszabadító kitágulását, amelyen a saját-élet eseményei értelmeződnek – mivel a jelenlét, vagyis a benne megjelenő „van”, a csupasz létezés tapasztalata magasabb rendű realitás, mint az értelmező gondolatok, melyek a jelenlét pillanataiban elhallgatnak. A katonaiskolai traumatikus tapasztalatok folytán értelmét vesztett élet a jelenlét pillanataiban tud új értelmet nyerni. Az előadás a regényben megjelenő jelenlét-élményeket veszi számba, s azt vizsgálja, hogy ez az alapjában megfoghatatlan tapasztalat hogyan, milyen közegekben képes mégis testet ölteni, s nyelvileg kifejeződni.
(Be)Longing in the Archives: Family, Affect, and Loss in the Jack Nichols Papers
Authors: Nagel Jeff
Published: February 2020

Although the archival turn has included increased interest in a variety of historical figures and time periods, little rhetorical attention has been given to the leaders of homophile liberation in the era immediately preceding Stonewall. This article explores the archival materials of Jack Nichols, one such figure, to explore the ways that affective desire circulates within and between its component materials. The recovery of historical GLBTQ figures offers its own intervention into the silences of the early twentieth century. However, using queer rhetorical and archival theory, this article opens space for rethinking historical silences, desires, and the resonance of ambience within archival spaces as well. Beyond material and affective recovery efforts, the troubling of provenance and determinacy in the archive offer a future avenue for rhetorical archival scholarship.
Multi-Spatial Resolution Satellite and sUAS Imagery for Precision Agriculture on Smallholder Farms in Malawi
Authors: Peter Brad G. , Messina Joseph P. , Carroll Jon W. , Zhi Junjun , Chimonyo Vimbayi , Lin Shengpan , Snapp Sieglinde S.
Published: February 2020

A collection of spectral indices, derived from a range of remote sensing imagery spatial resolutions, are compared to on-farm measurements of maize chlorophyll content and yield at two trial farms in central Malawi to evaluate what spatial resolutions are most effective for relating
multispectral images with crop status. Single and multiple linear regressions were tested for spatial resolutions ranging from 7 cm to 20 m using a small unmanned aerial system (sUAS) and satellite imagery from Planet, SPOT 6, Pléiades,
and Sentinel-2. Results suggest that imagery with spatial resolutions nearer the maize plant scale (i.e., 14–27 cm) are most effective for relating spectral signals with crop health on smallholder farms in Malawi. Consistent with other studies, green-band indices were more strongly correlated
with maize chlorophyll content and yield than conventional red-band indices, and multivariable models often outperformed single variable models.
AVALIAÇÃO QUALITATIVA DOS SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS OFERECIDOS PELAS PRAIAS DA APA LAGOA ENCANTADA/RIO ALMADA, BAHIA, BRASIL
Authors: Souza Filho José Rodrigues , Silva Iracema Reimão , Nunes Fábio Carvalho
Published: February 2020

As praias da APA Lagoa Encantada/Rio Almada estão situadas no Litoral Sul da Bahia, apresentam grande beleza cênica e vem sofrendo grande especulação imobiliária, principalmente devido à expansão urbana da cidade de Ilhéus, crescimento do turismo e, mais recente, ao projeto de instalação do Complexo Porto Sul. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi valorar qualitativamente os serviços ecossistêmicos oferecidos pelas praias da APA Lagoa Encantada/Rio Almada e sua zona costeira adjacente, agrupados nas classes de Serviços de Regulação e Suporte, de Provisão e de Informação e Cultura. O estudo mostra que a maioria das praias apresenta bons índices de serviços ecossistêmicos (médio e alto), sendo a exceção a praia intitulada Ponta da Tulha (trecho 2), onde os serviços de suporte e regulação são baixos, o que acabou por repercutir na diminuição da oferta de serviços de provisão, informação e cultura. Observou-se também que quanto maior a concentração dos sistemas técnicos, menor a variedade e a qualidade dos serviços ecossistêmicos disponíveis.
A FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA FLORESTA É UM INDICADOR DE COMPACTAÇÃO DO SOLO EM SISTEMA FAXINAL?
Authors: De Oliveira Tais , Antoneli Valdemir , Bednarz Joao Anésio
Published: February 2020

O Sistema de Faxinal é uma organização camponesa localizada em fragmentos de Mata de Araucária no estado do Paraná. Este sistema é composto por áreas de agricultura, pastagem nativa com criação de animais de forma extensiva através do criadouro comunitário e exploração das áreas de florestas. A ação dos animais e dos faxinalenses tem promovido uma fragmentação nas áreas de florestas neste ambiente. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a fragmentação da floresta, a disponibilidade de pasto e a compactação do solo em diferentes tipos de usos do solo (Mata de Araucária, Mata Secundária, Bosque e Pastagem) no Faxinal Paraná Anta Gorda em Prudentópolis PR. Foram instaladas 12 parcelas de 10x10 m em cada tipo de uso, para mensurar as características de cada fragmento florestal, a luminosidade, a disponibilidade de pasto e a densidade e resistência do solo. Ao término da pesquisa concluímos que a fragmentação da floresta potencializa a compactação. Os fragmentos com menor número de árvores indicaram maior volume de pasto e maior compactação do solo.
COBERTURA VEGETAL E QUALIDADE DE VIDA: CIDADE DE GUANAMBI, SEMIÁRIDO BAIANO
Authors: Clemente Carlos Magno Santos , Pereira Deborah Marques , Magalhães Hellen Pereira Cotrim , Araújo Caroline Gonçalves
Published: February 2020

A presença da cobertura vegetal em áreas urbanas é um indicador relevante para caracterizar a qualidade de vida da população residente nas cidades. Porém, no Brasil as políticas públicas relativas à cobertura vegetal urbana apresentam-se de forma deficitária e pouco expressiva. Desse modo, a pesquisa teve como objetivo quantificar e analisar a cobertura vegetal na cidade de Guanambi (BA). Como instrumentos de análises foram utilizados os softwares ENVI 5.5 e ArcGIS 10.2.2. Para tanto, foram realizados cálculos de Índice de Cobertura Vegetal (ICV) e Índice de Cobertura Vegetal por Habitante (ICVH) para quantificar a vegetação. Observou-se que os valores encontrados para ICVH foram abaixo dos padrões recomendados pela Sociedade Brasileira de Arborização Urbana (12,63 m²/hab.). Além disso, foram constatados valores baixos de ICV em loteamentos recentes e nas regiões periféricas. Por outro lado, há áreas com expressiva concentração espacial de cobertura vegetal na cidade. Desse modo, o estudo reforça a necessidade de políticas públicas efetivas para garantir a conservação e o aumento da cobertura vegetal na cidade de Guanambi, principalmente nas áreas periféricas e nos loteamentos recentes.
TERRITÓRIO USADO EM UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO: UMA VISÃO DA DINÂMICA TERRITORIAL E DOS CONFLITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DOS PIRINEUS, GOIÁS
Authors: Araújo Andrade Edna , Oliveira Ivanilton José
Published: February 2020

O estudo aborda os usos do território do Parque Estadual dos Pirineus, em Goiás. Com base no entendimento do território como realidade cuja complexidade envolve as dimensões socioespaciais, assume-se que as possibilidades de recorte analítico são diversas. Considerando esse pressuposto, as dimensões política e relacional são enfatizadas na análise, com a finalidade de consubstanciar uma abordagem integrada a partir da categoria de território usada. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa documental em fontes públicas e foram aplicadas entrevistas com os sujeitos relacionados diretamente à delimitação ou afetados pela instalação do parque. Os resultados apontam para um panorama problemático, envolvendo conflitos socioambientais, e indicam as situações de poder que têm prevalecido e interferido na dinâmica territorial, a despeito das normas de restrições estabelecidas pelo Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (SNUC).

Conservação (SNUC).
CIDADES FRAGMENTADAS NA AMAZÔNIA: A SEGREGAÇÃO RESIDENCIAL ESPONTÂNEA EM BOA VISTA – RORAIMA – BRASIL
Authors: Souza Jefferson Silva de , Rosa Filho Artur
Published: February 2020

A segregação residencial espontânea reflete-se através de diversas ações promovidas por intermédio dos chamados “promotores imobiliários”, aos quais são denominados de agentes produtores do espaço urbano. Assim, o recorte espacial deste estudo consiste em uma área que abrange parte dos bairros: Cauamé, Caçari, Cidade Satélite, além de parte das BR-401 e RR-205 em Boa Vista. Neste sentido, a pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender o processo de segregação residencial espontânea, a partir da implementação de condomínios horizontais fechados em Boa Vista-RR e entorno. Em relação à metodologia, os passos estabelecidos para que se atingisse o objetivo proposto foram: levantamento bibliográfico, pesquisa documental, além de visitas in loco. Concebeu-se que os condomínios horizontais fechados impulsionam mais ainda este modelo de segregação supracitado, já que o poder de aquisição das classes sociais mais abastadas lhes permitem residir em modelos de moradia de alto padrão com os seus semelhantes sociais.
ESTIMATIVA DE PERDA DE SOLO NO OESTE DA BAHIA (BRASIL) A PARTIR DA ALTERAÇÃO DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA
Authors: Ferreira André Barbosa Ribeiro , Pereira Gabriel , Fonseca Bráulio Magalhães , Costa Julio Cesar , Cardozo Francielle da Silva
Published: February 2020

A utilização exacerbada dos recursos naturais gera prejuízos socioambientais e econômicos. O uso intensivo do solo e a conversão do Uso e Cobertura da Terra (UCT) unidos representam um risco ainda maior, pois favorecem a intensificação dos processos erosivos. Diante disso, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo efetuar uma comparação do UCT para os anos de 1985 e 2015 e aplicar a Equação Universal de Perda de Solos (EUPS) para a região do extremo oeste baiano. Essa região no decorrer das últimas décadas vem passando por uma intensiva expansão dos cultivos agrícolas, alterando de maneira significativa o UCT a partir do desmatamento, propiciando e acelerando processos que até então ocorriam de maneira natural. A quantificação da perda de solo foi estabelecida para a região a partir da aplicação da EUPS e apontou que no ano de 1985 as perdas foram 29% superiores a 2015. O resultado não indica que as áreas agrícolas oferecem maior proteção ao solo, e pode ser explicado pelo contexto histórico de abertura das fronteiras agrícolas, que teve seu auge a partir da década de 1960 e utilizava fortemente o fogo para este propósito, deixando o solo exposto por mais tempo e tornando-o mais susceptível às intempéries.
ÁREAS DE VULNERABILIDADE EM NATAL/RN, BRASIL: ANÁLISE DA ZONA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL 9 (ZPA 9)
Authors: De Brito Anderson Geová Maia , De ALmeida Lutiane Queiroz , De Medeiros Marysol Dantas , Farias Juliana Felipe
Published: February 2020

Historicamente, grupos sociais marginalizados e economicamente vulneráveis de países emergentes e subdesenvolvidos, se instalam em áreas instáveis do ponto de vista físico-ambiental, amplificando riscos já existentes ou propiciando a ocorrência de desastres. Diante desse contexto, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar e analisar as áreas de vulnerabilidade ambiental da Zona de Proteção Ambiental 9 (ZPA 9), que está localizada na Zona Administrativa Norte do município de Natal/RN. Este objetivo levou em consideração que a ZPA 9 é umas das cinco Zonas Ambientais não regulamentadas do município, o que acarreta especulação imobiliária, práticas econômicas nocivas  e um avanço urbano desordenado. A partir de pesquisas bibliográficas, fundamentou-se teoricamente a pesquisa em literaturas que tratam dos conceitos de risco, perigo e vulnerabilidade na ciência Geográfica, e metodologicamente nos processos morfodinâmicos das unidades geoambientais, os quais através dos Planos de Informação (PIs), forneceram a partir de uma média simples, o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental da ZPA 9. No qual observou-se que as médias de vulnerabilidade variam de 1,6 (moderamente estável) a 3,0 (vulnerável), representadas cartograficamente pela classificação RGB de cores.
Beyond Studies Tarekat Rifa’iyah Kalisalak: Doktrin, Jalan Dakwah, dan Perlawanan Sosial
Authors: Kaprabowo Andi
Published: February 2020

Religious movements has developed in the archipelago. The mysticism of Rifa’iyah has been established by Haji Rifa’i as a form of the religious movement. This mysticism has existed before Indonesian independence. The existence invited various discourses, attacked some groups, and co-existence because of the influence of the government. These contexts try to explore through the article about the main of the mysticism of Rifa’iyah that can to raise of public discussion. Through the histories approach and biographical studies in a qualitative method, it is found to result in Rifa’iyah’s existence as a group that consistently against both hegemony and colonialism system. The existence of Rifa’iyah has explored with traces of the history of the religious movement. These traces are proven by the dogma of the mysticism which is very doctrinal to their devotes. Meanwhile, the existence of the mysticism of Rifa’iyah has responded as a deviating group by people, but the reality its teaching can provide lessons about peacefull and methods of social resistance that are an inseparable part of the process of spreading Islam. Doctrine, the path of proselytizing, and social resistance are three existence that are still alive in the society.Gerakan keagamaan berkembang baik di nusantara. Tarekat Rifa’iyah yang telah didirikan oleh Haji Rifa’i merupakan bentuk gerakan keagamaan. Tarekat ini sudah eksis sebelum Indonesia merdeka. Eksistensi tersebut mengundang beragam perdebatan, penyerangan sekelompok masa, dan tindakan co-eksistensi oleh pemerintah. Untuk membuktikan tindakan tersebut, artikel ini mencoba menelusuri hakekat tarekat Rifa’iyah yang menjadi perbincangan masyarakat. Melalui penelusuran sejarah dengan studi biografi Haji Rifa’i dalam metode kualitatif, kajian ini berhasil menemukan keberadaan tarekat Rifa’iyah sebagai kelompok yang konsisten menentang hegemoni pemerintah dan kolonial. Bukti konsistensi tersebut telah terurai dengan jejak pelurusan sejarah gerakan keagamaan. Jejak ini terbukti dengan ajaran tarekat yang sangat doktriner kepada para pengikutnya. Selama ini, eksistensi tarekat Rifa’iyah cenderung dianggap menyimpang namun realitas membuktikan bahwa ajarannya mampu memberikan pelajaran tentang dakwah yang damai dan metode perlawanan sosial yang menjadi bagian tidak terpisah dari proses penyebaran Islam. Doktrin, jalan dakwah, dan perlawanan sosial merupakan tiga eksistensi yang masih hidup di masyarakat.
INFLUENCE OF INITIAL DEFLECTIONS ON COUPLED BUCKLING STRENGTH OF UNSTIFFENED SQUARE BOX SECTION COLUMNS
Authors: Chen Xiang , Nakamura Shozo , Okumatsu Toshihiro , Nishikawa Takafumi
Published: February 2020

Although it is well known that initial deflections have a significant influence on coupled buckling strength, their quantitative influence is not clear. In this paper, a series of nonlinear finite element analyses to reveal the quantitative influence of initial deflections on coupled buckling strength are conducted with MSC.Marc. There are nine kinds of combinations about the size of local and overall initial deflections including 1/75, 1/150, 1/450 of the plate width and 1/500, 1/1000, 1/3000 of the column length. In addition, the width-thickness ratio and slenderness ratio parameters are also varied in the parametrical study. Both ranges of slenderness and the width-thickness ratio parameters are from 0.1 to 2.1. As a result, the initial deflection influence coefficient is proposed to describe the quantitative influence of local and overall initial deflections on coupled buckling strength. The numerical results reveal that the coefficient decreases with the increase of initial deflections. The sensitivity of the strength to initial deflections depends on both width-thickness and slenderness ratio parameters. The maximum decrease of 21.4% on load-bearing capacity caused by local initial deflection appears when width-thickness and slenderness ratio parameters equal to 1.2 and 2.1, respectively. Column strength is quite sensitive to overall initial deflection at the slenderness ratio parameter equal to 1.4. The maximum decrease in load-bearing capacity reaches 18.2%.
THE ROLE OF EFFECTIVE COLLABORATION FOR SUCCESSFUL DELIVERY OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Mahame Constant , Bigirimana Theoneste , Kundwa Marie Judith
Published: February 2020

This paper is written with the purpose of assessing the role of effective collaboration for successful delivery of construction projects. Generally, in construction industry, to come up with the successful project delivery; the construction management team has to work against any factor that may lead to cost overruns, project delays, poor quality delivery and high level of variation. Construction projects present extreme varieties and occur in different size, shape and quality. Undertaking any construction project is a process that involves many bodies and organizations. Effective collaboration between the various parties is crucial for successful completion of both design and construction. Based on a case study of a commercial building project, this work discusses how project managers can use collaboration approach to solve project challenges that may arise during execution such as high level of project variations, endless time extension and disputes between parties to the contract. Collaborative Approach in Problem Solving helps the integration of knowledge and gain of experience, to reduce payment delay, achieve the proper evaluation and control of the schedule of activities and to motivate the contractor to achieve effectiveness and efficiency. The effective collaboration between the various parties and the early involvement of the contractor are crucial for successful completion of both design and construction and the early integration of knowledge.
UTILIZING PLASTIC FOR PRETREATING RECYCLED CONSTRUCTION AGGREGATE TO ELIMINATE BINDER ABSORPTION IN ASPHALT MIXTURE
Authors: Tahmoorian Farzaneh , Yeaman John
Published: February 2020

The growing quantities of waste materials, lack of natural resources and shortage of landfill spaces represent the importance of finding innovative ways of reusing and recycling waste materials. Due to the large quantities of construction and demolition waste (CDW), recycling and utilization of Recycled Construction Aggregates (RCA) obtained from CDW in construction projects, including asphalt pavement construction, can be the most promising solution to this problem. Asphalt mixtures containing RCA have the problem of high bitumen absorption. Using plastic waste in RCA-contained asphalt mixtures reduces not only bitumen absorption but also the adverse environmental impacts associated with plastic waste disposal due to the nonbiodegradability of plastic waste. In addition, the demand reduction for virgin aggregates is another advantage resulting in subsequent economic advantages. This paper characterizes the effects of different types of plastic on the bitumen absorption and properties of asphalt mixtures containing RCA through laboratory investigation. Different types of plastic including High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and LowDensity Polyethylene (LDPE) were investigated in this research. The test results indicate that the plastic waste can be a viable material for improving the problem of high bitumen absorption of asphalt mixtures containing RCA.
FINANCIAL PROVISION FOR CONSTRUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY
Authors: Malan Roxy , Smallwood John
Published: February 2020

South African Health and Safety (H&S) legislation and the Construction Regulations require wide ranging H&S interventions on the part of all stakeholders including ensuring that adequate financial allowance is made for H&S. Given the afore mentioned, a study was conducted to determine the perceptions of general contractors (GCs) and quantity surveyors (QSs) with respect to financial provision for construction H&S. A survey of literature informed the development of the survey instrument in the form of a questionnaire, which was administered among GCs and QSs. The salient findings include: H&S preliminaries should be included in Bills of Quantities, and the inclusion of thirty-nine items therein is perceived as more than important, as opposed to less than important. It is concluded that a scientific approach through the inclusion of detailed H&S Preliminaries items will: "level the playing fields"; engender scientific calculation of the costs related thereto, and enable clients, with the assistance of QSs, to ensure that principal contractors (PCs) have made adequate financial provision for H&S in their tenders. Recommendations include: H&S preliminaries should be included in the BoQ based on the project specific H&S specification provided by the client, and a CHSA should be appointed in the early stages of projects to assist the QS with respect to interpreting the H&S specification when compiling H&S items for the BoQ.
A REVIEW OF DEM-BASED SIMULATION OF FRESH CONCRETE FLOW
Authors: Heng Liwei , Zhuge Yan , Rahman MD. Mizanur , Ma Xing
Published: February 2020

Recently, there has been growing research interest in simulation on the flow behaviors of fresh concrete, because these properties have significant effects on construction quality of casting and forming process, and also the properties of hardened concrete. The behaviors of fresh concrete are usually described by workability, consistency, flowability, mobility, pumpability, shootability, compactibility, and finishability. While various numerical simulations for concrete flow are available, District Element Method (DEM) has been applied widely due to its unique advantages of both macro and micro analysis i.e. the flow of the concrete mixture as a whole and particulate behavior of individual constituents in a mixture. This paper first presents a brief overview on the rheological models of fresh concrete, followed by a detailed review on simulating the fresh concrete flow using the DEM method. Moreover, recommendations for future work and directions will be provided.
ASSESSING LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors: Mashwama Nokulunga , Thwala Didibhuku , Aigbavboa Clinton
Published: February 2020

Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) is the responsibility of everyone at work, construction companies have to be aware that they are responsible for managing and improving issues related to H&S on construction sites. The data in this research was obtained from secondary and primary sources. 70 Questionnaires were dispersed to different companies in the construction industry, 42 were brought back and they were all valid and usable. This represented 60% response rate. The research revealed that the level of implementation was not practice well to the level of acceptance. Therefore, the study went on the assess the hindrance of the poor implementation among small medium enterprise's (SMEs) which were poor supervision, lack of regular audits and inspection, poor material and component, poor management commitment, lack of equipment and tools, lack of training and risk education, lack of communication, lack of skilled workforce, poor working condition, poor subcontractors involvement, lack of incentive for good performance, poor investigation and risk assessment. The research point out that safety and health of the workers is not negotiable, is all pervasive, increases productivity, and leads to better performance, improve the company image, reduced claims and accidents also reduce lost times spent on injuries and property loss. Emphases on the OHS level of implementation are greatly urged to be implemented non-stop to overcome the challenges facing the SME’s contractors.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HYBRID COLD-FORMED STEEL SHEAR WALL PANELS
Authors: Usefi Nima , Ronagh Hamid , Mohammadi Masoud
Published: February 2020

Improving the lateral performance of cold formed steel systems by employing different sheathing materials and bracing systems has been of particular interest to researchers in these days. However, due to their relatively low seismic capacity, the need for higher shear resistance of these structural systems is still felt. Therefore, this study aims to propose three hybrid shear wall panels in order to provide better performance and higher resistance in seismic zones. The numerical method is verified based on the experimental results in the literature and then is used for evaluating the hybrid systems. The proposed walls are analyzed under lateral and vertical loads and then their performances are compared to each other. The results showed better performance and higher shear capacity for hybrid wall system compared to the ordinary cold formed steel shear wall. In addition, the strength to weight ratio approved the economic application of hybrid panels for high seismic regions.
A UNIFIED INELASTICITY AND DAMAGE MECHANICS FOR RUBBER-LIKE MATERIALS
Authors: Yazdani Siamak , Saboori Ashkan
Published: February 2020

The nonlinearities observed in the behavior of rubber and polymeric materials are influenced not only by the far-field stress conditions but also by the morphology, microstructures, and changes at the meso-level such as kinks, crosslinking, and micro tearing. Considering constants temperature applications, the occurrence of microtearing has a significant contribution on the performance of polymers, soft tissues and other rubber-like materials. In this paper, a unified damage mechanics and nonlinear elasticity approach is presented to model nonlinear behavior of rubber-like materials under constant temperatures. The theory is cast within the general framework of the internal variable theory of thermodynamics with large deformations where the Clausius-Duhem inequality is provoked to develop general damage potential. The strain energy density function is formulated in terms of an effective Lagrangian strain tensor that evolves with cumulative damage as cracking and micro-tearing take places. Piola-Kirchhoff (PK) stress tensor is presented and a new form of the damage response tensor is proposed. The model prediction is illustrated against experimental results with good agreement.
ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY AND ROLE TO CONSTRUCTION CLIENT IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH SYSTEM
Authors: Won Jeong-Hun , Jang Nam-Gwon , Ko Sang-Seom , Kim Tae-Sang
Published: February 2020

This study investigated the client's duty and role to prevent construction accidents by participating construction client into the occupational safety and health management system. Since the fatal accidents of the construction sites in Korea are higher than other OECD countries and approximately 500 workers annually have died on construction sites, various efforts have been performed to prevent construction accidents. Recently, in Korea, the client’s participation in the safety and health management system has been focused as a fundamental method to prevent serious accidents. To examine the necessity of client’s participation, the survey was performed for construction participants. And, survey results and existing studies about client's role were analyzed to assign responsibility and role to the client. Results showed that safety managers and supervisors were strongly agreed for imposing client's duty (average scores of 4.373 and 4.107 in likert 5point scale) while clients showed the lowest agreement (average score of 3.153). In addition, the detailed role was proposed in the whole project stage, that is plan, design, and construction stage. Client can be a key player in reducing the fatal construction accidents by doing the accurate roles proposed in this study.
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION: INTERACTION BETWEEN BIM USERS AND NON-BIM USERS
Authors: Le Ngoc Quyet , Er Michael , Sankaran Shankar
Published: February 2020

The research introduces the combination of Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Activity Theory to investigate the process of adoption and implementation of BIM in the construction industry in Vietnam. Data was collected from three large main contractors as they are considered as innovation leading organizations. Qualitative research was employed using semi-structured interviews to analyze respondents' perspectives of their daily BIM activities. Main informants include senior managers, BIM team members and site staff. Key findings were the factors affecting the decision of BIM adoption of senior managers (i.e., non-BIM users), the factors affecting BIM implementation of site staff (i.e., BIM users), and the contradictions emerging when senior managers mandate to use BIM, and employ a BIM team as the change agent for instruction and collaboration on the construction site.
BUSINESS SURVIVAL RATE IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN RELATION TO OTHER INDUSTRIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Choudhury Ifte
Published: February 2020

Construction industry is one of the largest industrial sector in the United States that employs close to ten million people and makes a high contribution to the growth of the country's economy. In spite of the huge impact that the industry has on the US economy, construction businesses have a hard time surviving in the market, with construction companies having the least survival rate among all the industries. Five-year survival rate of construction companies is one of the lowest compared to other industries. This study aims at providing evidence that the construction industry suffers the most as compared to the other industries in terms of business survival rate. A General Linear Model was used for statistical analysis. Results show a significant difference between the construction industry and other industries providing evidence that the construction industry businesses have the least survival rate.
DIGITALISATION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: CONSTRUCTION PROFESSIONALS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Aghimien Douglas , Aigbavboa Clinton , Oke Ayodeji , Koloko Nteboheng
Published: February 2020

This study presents the result of an assessment of digitalisation within the South African construction industry from the construction professionals' perspective. The study adopted a quantitative approach through a questionnaire survey carried out among construction professionals in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Appropriate descriptive statistical tools were used in analysing the data gathered. The study revealed that the major stages of construction where digitalisation is evident are the design phase, and the feasibility phase. The major construction processes where it is mostly visible are, construction cost control, cost planning, preliminary cost estimate and building system analysis. In addition, the most significant benefits to be derived from digitalisation in the industry includes time-saving in construction projects delivery, increase productivity, increase speed of work, increase document quality, speeding up of response time, and simpler working methods. This study contributes to the body of knowledge as it reveals the happenings surrounding digitalisation within the South African construction industry; an aspect that seems to be lacking research attention.
EVALUATING PERMEABILITY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WASTE MARBLE DUST MIX CONCRETE AND BENTONITE MIX CONCRETE
Authors: Khaliq Shams Ul , Jamil Irfan , Ullah Hanif
Published: February 2020

In this research attempt is made to examine Waste Marble Dust Mix (WMD) Concrete and Bentonite Mix Concrete. For physical and chemical properties of both concrete mixes, cylinders were examined in the laboratory for permeability testing, scanning electronic microscopy test, slump test, compressive strength test, and split tensile test. Cylinders were prepared in the ratio 1:2:4 with varying marble dust and bentonite content with 5% increment up to 20%. At 28 days with 10% replacement of marble dust and bentonite with cement, the permeability of WMD and Bentonite concrete were decreased by 21% and 34%. Increasing the percentage of WMD and bentonite from 10 to 20%, the MD concrete permeability was drastically increased. After crossing 10% limit it starts working as over burdening additives and allows water to flow through the cylinders, while with bentonite mix concrete by 20% replacement with cement, the permeability was further decreased up to 43%. The compressive and split strength test results of both mixes were totally different from each other. The compressive strength of WMD mix concrete decreased as the percentage of WMD was increased. At 28 days with 10% replacement, the compressive and split tensile strength were reduced by 8.9% and 2.1%. Whereas in bentonite mix, the concrete compressive and split strength were increased by 7.2% and 1.45 and were furthermore increased up to 20% replacement.
Śląsk Cieszyński w refleksjach humanistów – poszukiwanie klucza do zrozumienia narracji o przygranicznym mikroświecie
Authors: Bortliczek Małgorzata
Published: February 2020

Searching for metaphors that allow us to understand the linguistic picture of Cieszyn Silesia and their residents, I refer to the anthology of conversations experienced by people with authority. The conversations influence the change and development of Cieszyn’s microcommunity and borderland (microworld). I analyse the language (common words, terms, names, and especially metaphors). The work includes three parts: the picture of space in metaphors, man in the space of Cieszyn Silesia (truths and myths) and names and brand names in the local microworld. I reach the conclusion that the metaphors describing the local community, one the one hand, grow it on tradition, culture and history and, on the other hand, express the current observations, for example about Cieszyn Silesia and its esotericism. The phenomenon of esotericism serves people’s judgment (as it is stated by some interlocutors) and sustains the opposition: autochthons are from here while strangers are not. The architectural icons of Cieszyn Silesia (for example Rotunda, Piast’s Tower) coexist with, e.g. the local taste (for example, Cieszyn cookies). Out of concern for Cieszyn Silesia identity, the knowledge about the borderland microworld should consciously be passed on from generation to generation.
Zabawa we wczesnej terapii logopedycznej u dzieci z zespołem Downa
Authors: Kaptur Ewa
Published: February 2020

The concept of early speech therapy by a team of therapists of different specializations, including a speech and language pathologist, assumes a holistic approach to an infant’s development. Children with Down syndrome require the help of a speech and language pathologist since the first day of their lives. The article describes activating the child’s speech by incorporating games into the therapy.
Assessing the utility of a differential diagnostic generator in UK general practice: a feasibility study
Authors: Cheraghi-Sohi Sudeh , Alam Rahul , Hann Mark , Esmail Aneez , Campbell Stephen , Riches Nicholas
Published: February 2020

Background

Despite growing positive evidence supporting the potential utility of differential diagnostic generator (DDX) tools, uptake has been limited in terms of geography and settings and calls have been made to test such tools in wider routine clinical settings. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and utility of clinical use of Isabel, an electronic DDX tool, in a United Kingdom (UK) general practice setting.

Methods

Mixed methods. Feasibility and utility were assessed prospectively over a 6-month period via: usage statistics, survey as well as interview data generated from clinicians before and after Isabel was available for clinical use. Normalisation process theory (NPT) was utilised as a sensitising concept in the data collection and analysis of the qualitative data.

Results

Usage was extremely limited (n = 18 searches). Most potential users did not utilise the program and of those that did (n = 6), usage was restricted and did not alter subsequent patient management. Baseline interview findings indicated some prior awareness of DDX tools and ambivalent views with regards to potential utility. Post-use interviews supported analytic data and indicated low usage due to a range of endogenous (professional) and exogenous (organisational) factors.

Conclusions

In its current form, this small exploratory study suggests that Isabel is a tool that is unlikely to be utilised on a routine basis in primary care, but may have potential utility for diagnostic support in (1) education/training and (2) rare and diagnostically complex cases.