bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low literacy in Germany: Results from the second German literacy survey
Authors: Buddeberg Klaus , Dutz Gregor , Grotlüschen Anke , Heilmann Lisanne , Stammer Christopher
Published: February 2020

When Germany performed the first national assessment on reading and writing skills among adults in 2010 (LEO), it was late compared to other European countries such as_x000D_ England or France. Now the results of the second round of that survey reveal a higher average literacy level in Germany compared to the preceding survey. In this paper, we briefly discuss the state of literacy research in large-scale surveys and offer some critical viewpoints. Next, we present the results of the two LEO surveys from 2010 and 2018. Besides providing information about the composition of the low-literate adult population in Germany (aged 18–64 years), we selected results that might help to critically revise current stereotypes about adults who have difficulties reading and writing.
Estudo preliminar da percepção do meio aquático marinho com mergulhadores recreativos no litoral potiguar
Authors: Filgueira-da-Silva Diego Vitor , Gomes-Ferreira Ana Beatriz , Moreira Sueli Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Realizou-se o presente estudo com o objetivo de identificar a percepção ambiental de mergulhadores autônomos sobre os impactos do mergulho na ecologia marinha. Portanto, desenvolveu-se estudo de natureza qualitativa cujos dados foram obtidos através de roteiro de entrevista com 10 mergulhadores com certificação PADI que atuam em Maracajaú e Natal, no litoral do Rio Grande do Norte (Brasil). As percepções foram categorizadas conforme a proposta de análise temática de Bardin (1979). Em conclusão, a percepção dos mergulhadores revelou que a preservação do meio marinho demanda ações governamentais urgentes. O mergulho recreativo deve ser controlado sob a perspectiva do turismo ecológico sustentável. A Educação Ambiental deve ser prioritária e contínua.
Turismo Pedagógico: ressignificando a aprendizagem
Authors: Morais Rosiane de , Andrade Luciana Paes de , Guedes Neiva Maria Robaldo
Published: February 2020

Ressignificar o método de aprendizagem é eminente no cenário educacional contemporâneo. Faz-se necessário a ligação da teoria com prática. O papel da escola vai além de repassar conhecimentos, cabe a ela também a formação de um cidadão crítico, participativo e atuante na sociedade. O Turismo Pedagógico como método inovador, dinâmico e interdisciplinar no processo de ensino aprendizagem, proporciona momentos de lazer e educação. Ele aproxima o aluno do meio, busca proporcionar uma experiência consolidadora de valores e transformadora de si, catalisadora de saberes. Explorar, identificar e criar possibilidades de aprendizagens significativas ao contexto local foi o principal objetivo deste trabalho. A participação dos alunos é intensa, quando os mesmos percebem a participação e domínio dos educadores sobre as atividades propostas. O processo de tomada de decisão e sensibilização só acontece quando se conhecem novas realidade, cultura, história e patrimônio.
Ecoturismo de Base Comunitária na Comunidade Quilombola Furnas da Boa Sorte, Corguinho (MS): planejamento e sustentabilidade
Authors: Benites Maristela , Mamede Simone
Published: February 2020

OO ecoturismo de base comunitária representa oportunidade central de valorização do ambiente natural, aliada ao protagonismo social, à autonomia e à valorização do território, apoiando-se na perspectiva do turismo como fonte de geração de emprego, renda e dinamização econômica. O trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as etapas do planejamento participativo para a implantação do ecoturismo de base comunitária na Comunidade Furnas da Boa Sorte, Corguinho/MS, na perspectiva de gestão territorial, desenvolvimento socioeconômico e sustentabilidade. A área de estudo localiza-se na região da Serra de Maracaju, borda leste do Pantanal. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com base na perspectiva freireana, a partir do diálogo permanente e de fazer com a comunidade e não para ela. As etapas metodológicas consistiram de: pesquisa qualitativa, com uso de formulário semiestruturado; visita técnica às residências; e aulas para a administração teórica de conteúdos relacionados aos temas: ecoturismo, sustentabilidade, educação ambiental, hospitalidade, planejamento participativo, agrofloresta, e apresentação de experiências exitosas e inspiradoras em turismo de base comunitária pelo Brasil. Participaram das entrevistas 22 pessoas, representantes de 17 famílias e correspondentes a 42,5% do número de famílias existentes na comunidade. O território se mostra rico em bens naturais e culturais, o qual pode ser gerido para os propósitos do ecoturismo de base comunitária. Durante todo o processo de diagnóstico e planejamento participativo percebeu-se que os meios de subsistência da comunidade podem estar alinhados à conservação ambiental, com possibilidade de gestão efetiva por agentes de proteção do patrimônio natural e cultural que são os próprios moradores da comunidade. Assim, o Ecoturismo de Base Comunitária permite vislumbrar a possibilidade de práticas de conservação e gestão responsável dos bens naturais, no território em estudo, concorrendo para o aumento da qualidade de vida, dinamização econômica e proteção socioambiental.
Uma possibilidade para prática do Ecoturismo: um breve diagnóstico na Comunidade dos Pilões em Miracema (TO)
Authors: Reis João Paulo Carneiro dos , Balsan Rosane , Pereira Sandra de Oliveira Gomes
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo tem o objetivo diagnosticar a possibilidade da prática do ecoturismo na comunidade rural dos Pilões em Miracema- TO. A pesquisa inicialmente bibliográfica e empírica e ação participante. No qual, no primeiro momento discute a importância do ecoturismo e do turismo a maneira como devem pensar de maneira planejada. No segundo instante é apresentado o resultado da experiência de uma visitação a Serra do Bandeira na comunidade dos Pilões, na ocasião, um grupo formado por 11 pessoas, dentre elas, moradores e professores e representante do Ruraltins, se organizaram e resolveram fazer uma trilha de 05 quilômetros neste local em 09 de julho de 2017. Com objetivo o diagnosticar potencial turístico naturais da região, resultado inicial desta ação foi á produção de uma matéria jornalística também foi destacada nela as dificuldades encontradas na região o resultado foi produção uma matéria jornalística já divulgada.  E o segundo, em andamento fundação de uma associação na comunidade em outubro de 2017 almejando poder cobrar coletivamente e lutar por melhoria e a busca de recursos para esta comunidade de forma coletiva.
Avaliação dos atrativos turísticos do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas (AM)
Authors: Araujo Silva Mayara de , Simonetti Susy Rodrigues
Published: February 2020

Esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os atrativos turísticos do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas (AM) por meio de uma matriz, hierarquizando seus atrativos em relação a: infraestrutura, estado de conservação, acesso, grau de uso, apoio local e comunitário, para criar um ranking dos atrativos. Esse estudo de caso se utiliza da metodologia proposta pelo Ministério do Turismo (MTur, 2007) de hierarquização de atrativos turísticos, adaptada para atrativos naturais e, contou ainda com as pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo, e uma oficina para o planejamento participativo com os gestores e operadores que atuam na região do Parque. A partir da análise da hierarquização pode-se construir um ranking dos atrativos do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, em uma ordem numérica de acordo com pontuação recebida na avaliação, cujos subsídios auxiliarão na gestão do uso público e no planejamento ecoturístico do Parque. A partir da definição do ranking, percebe-se que há atrativos prioritários como as trilhas terrestres, trilhas aquáticas e o Flutuante dos Botos, para a implementação e a estruturação de ações que visem melhorias para a atividade ecoturística.
A percepção autóctone sobre os ambientes naturais com potencial ecoturístico em Luminárias (MG): dinâmica e consequências
Authors: do Couto Carvalho Vinícius , Silveira Wanderley Jorge , Souza Cléber Rodrigo de , Fernandes Thallita Mayra Soares , Aurélio Leite Fontes Marco
Published: February 2020

O ecoturismo é considerado uma atividade com potencial baixo impacto ambiental, geradora de benefícios sociais e, dependente da existência de atrativos naturais. Mas como os indivíduos autóctones percebem essa atividade e se relacionam com suas áreas naturais? O objetivo, neste estudo, foi analisar em que nível os indivíduos autóctones se envolvem com os ambientes naturais com potencial ecoturístico e como os percebem em uma localidade em fase inicial de desenvolvimento de práticas ecoturísticas, e a dinâmica desse envolvimento e percepção, a partir do olhar dos jovens, em dois períodos com intervalo de nove anos. Para isso, utilizou-se da iconografia com apresentação de dez fotografias de ambientes com potencial ecoturístico da localidade de Luminárias, Minas Gerais - Brasil, para estudantes do ensino médio, com posterior aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, nos anos de 2007 e 2016. Empregou-se ainda a técnica de observação participante. Como resultado, os ambientes naturais com potencial ecoturístico foram reconhecidos em diferentes níveis e considerados como de alta atratividade, mas seu uso turístico é de baixo envolvimento com os indivíduos autóctones. Os resultados demonstraram ainda que, na dificuldade de uma mobilização contínua que alcance a população, os ambientes escolares mostram-se como espaços facilitadores para o processo de sensibilização e inserção social no planejamento do ecoturismo.
ANALISIS LONGSOR DI SUNGAI CIPUNAGARA SUBANG DAN DESAIN PENANGANNYA
Authors: Hidayat Rochmat , Munir Moh. Dedy
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAKSPada hari Jumat 18 desember 2015 telah terjadi longsoran pada tebing sungai Cipunagara Desa Pesanggrahan, Kecamatan Kasomalang, Subang. Longsor menyebabkan rusaknya lahan pertanian dan membendung sungai sehingga banyak ikan di kolam mati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab longsor dan menentukan metode penanganannya. Lokasi longsor mempunyai karakteristik material tanah berupa material lepas. Longsoran terjadi pada tebing sungai dengan kemiringan lereng 1:1. Pemicu longsoran diindikasikan karena daerah tersebut merupakan zona infiltrasi air dari saluran irigasi, hujan, genangan sawah, dan juga karena erosi pada tebing sungai. Berdasarkan faktor penyebab longsor maka untuk menjaga agar diperoleh lereng yang stabil, disampaikan 5 (lima) rekomendasi yaitu membuat saluran irigasi kedap air, membuat area pertanian kering, membuat struktur penguat tebing/pengarah aliran sungai (krib), membuat subsurface drainase. Pada lokasi longsor perlu dibuat terasering. Perlu dilakukan usaha mencegah longsor pada lokasi lain yang berpotensi longsor dengan mencegah terjadinya infiltrasi air permukaan ke dalam tanah. Dari analisis stabilitas lereng, nilai FS = 0,306 dan apabila dilakukan penguatan tebing maka nilai FS= 1,022Kata kunci: Longsoran, Infiltrasi, Stabilitas Lereng, Subsurface Drainase ABSTRACTOn Friday, December 18th 2015, a landslide occurred in the Cipunagara River in the Pesanggrahan Village, Kasomalang District, Subang Regency. Landslides cause damage on agricultural land and dammed the river causing plenty of fishes in the pond dead. The aim of this study is to analyze the causes of landslides and determine mitigations methods that need to be applied. The landslide in the area is contained and formed by loose materials as its characteristics. Landslide occurred on the river bank having 1:1 slope. The triggers of the landslide are excessive water as it infiltrate the area through flowing water from irrigation canals. The second cause was rainfall, a puddle of paddy fields, and also the erosion in the river banks cutting the lower part of the hill. Based on the causing factors, to increase slope stability, there is five (5) recommendations which are to create the impermeable for irrigation channels, make the dry farming area, construct gabion to slope strengthness, arrange directional flow of the river (crib), and create a subsurface drainage. At the location of landslide, it is needed also to make some terraces. Also, to prevent landslides in other locations, we need to prevent water infiltration into the soil. Furthermore, from the slope stability analysis before the occurrence, we have the value of FS = 0.306 and after making the slope stronger by (gabion), the value of FS becoming = 1.022Keywords: Landslide, Infiltration, Slope Stability, Subsurface Drainage
Identifikasi Zona Infiltrasi Airtanah di Kawasan Karst Berdsarkan Nilai Tekanan Parsial CO2 dan Indeks Kejenuhan CaCO3 (SIc) di Sekitar Perbukitan Karst Watuputih
Authors: Alfan Asghaf Nofi Muhammad , Alam Boy Yoseph CSSS , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan
Published: February 2020

Persebaran mata air di sekitar perbukitan karst Watuputih menunjukkan kawasan tersebut memiliki potensi air tanah yang tinggi. Kehadiran mata air karst tersebut sebagai akibat dari kondisi geologi yang didominasi oleh batuan karbonat yang mudah larut dan struktur geologi yang intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik daerah infiltrasi air tanah berdasarkan analisis tekanan parsial CO2 (Pco2) dan indeks kejenuhan CaCO3 (SIc), dikombinasikan dengan analisis fasies kimia air tanah dan kelurusan morfologi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan, pada densitas kelurusan morfologi tinggi memiliki nilai Pco2 rendah dan air tanah dalam kondisi jenuh sedangkan pada densitas kelurusan morfologi rendah nilai Pco2 tinggi dan air tanah dalam kondisi jenuh hingga tidak jenuh. Korelasi Pco2 dengan SIc dikombinasikan dengan kondisi geologi dan fasies kimia air tanah menghasilkan tiga tipe mata air, yaitu (1) Nilai Pco2 tinggi, nilai SIc jenuh hingga tidak jenuh, fasies hidrokimia dominan Ca-Mg-HCO3, densitas morfologi rendah, lapisan soil tebal, dan media aliran air tanah dominan jaringan pori memiliki infiltrasi rendah; (2) Nilai Pco2 rendah, nilai SIc jenuh, fasies hidrokimia dominan Ca-HCO3, densitas morfologi tinggi, lapisan tanah tipis, dan media aliran air tanah dominan jaringan pori dan rekahan batuan yang rapat, tetapi mulai berkembang jaringan rongga, memiliki infiltrasi tinggi; dan (3) Nilai Pco2 sangat tinggi, nilai SIc tidak jenuh, fasies hidrokimia Ca-Na-HCO3 dan Ca-Mg-Cl-HCO3, densitas morfologi tinggi, lapisan soil tebal, media aliran air tanah jaringan pori, dan litologi batuan nonkarbonatan, memiliki infiltrasi rendah.
Intensitas Erosi pada Kerucut Sinder Gunungapi Slamet Berdasarkan Pembagian Kelas Morfometri Kerucut, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Nurlathifah Wilda Aini , Syafri Ildrem , Hutabarat Johanes , Djafar Agustina
Published: February 2020

Gunung Slamet memiliki 35 kerucut sinder di sisi lereng timurnya. Kerucut ini menyebar secara acak dan hadir baik di tubuh Gunung Slamet dan sebagian kecil di kaki Gunung Slamet. Kerucut sinder ini merupakan jenis kerucut parasit monogenetik yang muncul setelah Gunung Slamet Tua terbentuk. Meskipun secara sekilas kenampakan morfologi kerucut sinder Gunung Slamet hampir seluruhnya sama, namun dengan menggunakan data citra beresolusi tinggi akan didapat perbedaan bentuk kenampakan morfologinya. Dari kenampakan morfologi ini dapat dihitung morfometrinya untuk ditentukan kelas kerucutnya. Menurut Taylor, dkk. (2003), kelas morfometri kerucut sinder ini berhubungan dengan tingkat degradasi atau erosi dari suatu kerucut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi intensitas erosi yang terjadi pada kerucut sinder Gunung Slamet berdasarkan pembagian kelas morfometrinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis morfometri dengan menggunakan citra satelit TerraSar untuk menghitung parameter kerucut, seperti bentuk kerucut, bentuk kawah, relief, sudut lereng kerucut, dan rasio tinggi kerucut/diameter alas kerucut. Untuk memudahkan penelitian, dipilih 5 buah kerucut sinder yang mewakili kelompok kerucut yang hadir di tubuh (fasies medial) dan di kaki (fasies distal) Gunung Slamet baik secara soliter maupun berkelompok. Kelima kerucut sinder tersebut adalah Kerucut Sinder Bukit Lingi/Pisang, Kerucut Sinder Bukit Kandanggotong, Kerucut Sinder Bukit Siremeng, Kerucut Sinder Bukit Batusanggar dan Kerucut Sinder Bukit Telu. Kelas morfometri kerucut 1 menunjukkan tingkat erosi yang paling rendah dengan karakteristik bentuk kerucut yang masih cukup sempurna, bentuk kawah yang masih terlihat jelas dan dalam, nilai sudut lereng yang besar, relief yang cukup halus, dan rasio tinggi/diameter alas kerucut yang cukup tinggi. Semakin besar angka dalam kelas morfometri kerucut sinder memberi arti bahwa intensitas erosi semakin besar. Dari kelima kerucut sinder yang dianalisis diketahui bahwa kerucut sinder Bukit Telu yang terletak pada kaki Gunung Slamet memiliki kelas morfometri kerucut 1. Hal ini berarti intensitas erosinya paling rendah. Sementara itu, kerucut sinder Bukit Siremeng yang terletak di tubuh Gunung Slamet masuk ke dalam kelas kerucut 4 dan memiliki intensitas erosi paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan keempat kerucut lainnya.
Construction of 1D/2D
α
-Fe
2
O
3
/SnO
2
Hybrid Nanoarrays for Sub-ppm Acetone Detection
Authors: Gong Huimin , Zhao Changhui , Niu Gaoqiang , Zhang Wei , Wang Fei
Published: February 2020

Exhaled acetone is one of the representative biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of type-1 diabetes. In this work, we have applied a facile two-step chemical bath deposition method for acetone sensors based on
α
-Fe
2
O
3
/SnO
2
hybrid nanoarrays (HNAs), where one-dimensional (1D) FeOOH nanorods are in situ grown on the prefabricated 2D SnO
2
nanosheets for on-chip construction of 1D/2D HNAs. After annealing in air, ultrafine
α
-Fe
2
O
3
nanorods are homogenously distributed on the surface of SnO
2
nanosheet arrays (NSAs). Gas sensing results show that the
α
-Fe
2
O
3
/SnO
2
HNAs exhibit a greatly enhanced response to acetone (3.25 at 0.4 ppm) at a sub-ppm level compared with those based on pure SnO
2
NSAs (1.16 at 0.4 ppm) and pure
α
-Fe
2
O
3
nanorods (1.03 at 0.4 ppm), at an operating temperature of 340°C. The enhanced acetone sensing performance may be attributed to the formation of
α
-Fe
2
O
3
–SnO
2
n-n heterostructure with 1D/2D hybrid architectures. Moreover, the
α
-Fe
2
O
3
/SnO
2
HNAs also possess good reproducibility and selectivity toward acetone vapor, suggesting its potential application in breath acetone analysis.
The effects of 10-week different exercise interventions on Framingham risk score and metabolic syndrome severity scores in overweight women with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Banitalebi Ebrahim , Mardaniyan Ghahfarrokhi Majid , Faramarzi Mohammad , Nasiri Samira
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a strong independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short sprint interval training (SIT) and combined aerobic + resistance training (A+R) on Framingham risk score (FRS) and metabolic syndrome severity scores (MetS score) in overweight women with T2D. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial,52 overweight females afflicted with T2D (aged 45-60 years, BMI>30 kg/m2, HbA1C ≥ 6.5%) were randomly assigned to either SIT (n = 17), combined training (n = 17), and control groups (n = 18). Interventions consisted of SIT or combined aerobic-strength training for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using a paired t test to compare pretest and posttest results in each group. A one-way ANOVA was employed to compare the number of changes in the experimental and control training groups after 10 weeks. Results: The results indicated that there were significant differences between the groups in FRS (P = 0.001). However, no difference was found in Mets score (P = 0.160). In addition, significant differences were observed in FRS between SIT and combined training groups (P = 0.018) and also SIT and control groups (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results highlighted that SIT as compared to the combined training could be an effective strategy to improve FRS and Mets score in women with T2D
The effect of group religious intervention on spiritual health and symptom reduction in patients with depression
Authors: Nikfarjam Masoud , Solati Kamal , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Nourmohammadi Mohammadreza , Kazemi Seyed Yahya , Jafari Amirgholi , Omidi Maryam
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Depression is considered a disease which is associated with various complications including suicide and imposes high costs on the health systems. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group religious intervention on spiritual wellbeing and symptom reduction in patients with depression. Methods: In this clinical trial, 72 patients with anxiety were included using convenience sampling technique and then were randomly divided into patients with depression who underwent pharmacotherapy alone (group I) and those who underwent pharmacotherapy and religious intervention (group II). In addition, the religious group II participated in 5 90-minute sessions within three weeks and received the routine drug treatment. Then, a demographic questionnaire, Paloutzian and Ellison’s Spiritual Well-Being scale, and Hamilton Depression scale were completed. Finally, the data were analyzed by the SPSS software, version 18. Results: There was no significant difference between the demographic characteristics of the patients (P>0.05). However, the mean scores of religious and existential aspects of spiritual health, as well as the mean total score of spiritual health after the intervention were significantly higher in group II who received religious intervention compared to group I (P<0.05). Conversely, the mean score of depression significantly decreased in groups I and II after the study (P<0.001). In other words, after intervention, the mean score of depression was significantly lower in group II who received religious intervention compared to the group I (P=0.038). Conclusion: In general, religious intervention, reduced the symptoms of depression in patients in addition to increasing the level of the spiritual health of the patients
Association of STAT4 rs7582694 with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in population of Lorestan province, Iran
Authors: Izadkhasti Gholam Reza , Kazeminezhad Seyed Reza , Akhoond Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a polygenic, inflammatory disease with a complex genetic inheritance that affects almost all the organs and systems of the host body. According to studies, STAT4 is a susceptible gene that can participate in the development of SLE in different populations. The aim of this study was to show the association between rs7582694 single nucleotide polymorphism with increased risk of SLE disease and two serological symptoms of the disease (i.e., anti-dsDNA and ANA) in the population residing in Lorestan province. Methods: The present study was conducted as a case control research. In this study, the prevalence of STAT4 gene G/C (rs7582694) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the patients with SLE (n=122) and in control group (n=127) was investigated among a sample population from Lorestan province. This SNP was genotyped based on using two methods including PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism) and tetra-primer ARMS-PCR (amplification-refractory mutation system) methods. Results: According to the obtained results, the frequency of minor allele C from this SNP (related allele with the disease) as compared to the major allele G (normal allele) was significantly higher in SLE patients than the controls. In addition, it showed a significant association (odds ratio [OR] = 1.623, 95% CI = 1.111-2.370, P = 0.012) with susceptibility to SLE. Moreover, a significant correlation (OR = 2.249, 95% CI = 1.031–4.904, P = 0.042) was found between the rs7582694 CC genotype and the risk of SLE in the population of Lorestan. Conclusion: Overall, based on the results it can be concluded that there was a relationship between the STAT4 gene G/C (rs7582694) SNP and the increased risk of SLE. However, no association was observed between the above-mentioned gene and anti-dsDNA or ANA that are some of the symptoms of SLE.
Design and cross-validation of prediction equation based on 6-minute walk test for assessing the cardiorespiratory efficiency in Iranian adolescent boys
Authors: Jalili Majid , Nazem Farzad , Sazvar Akbar
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Measurement of the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (VO2peak) is not possible in every clinical and exercise setting due to complexity, cost, and time required. Submaximal field exercise test in an alternative method. Among exercise tests, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) measures the maximal distance which a person can walk in 6 minutes. The purpose of the present study was to develop and cross-validate the VO2peak prediction equation based on the 6MWT in boys. Methods: VO2peak was measured by Bruce treadmill protocol with gas analysis in 157 healthy boys (13-17 years old). The 6MWT and anthropometric variables were measured according to standard methods. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: It was found that VO2peak of the boys had a significant correlation with 6MWT and anthropometric variables (r=0.318-0.853). VO2peak of the adolescent boys could be predicted by the distance walked in 6 minutes and body mass index (BMI) (R2 = 0.825, SEE = 2.81 mL/kg/min, P<0.001). When the new VO2peak prediction equation was applied for the subjects of this study, predicted VO2peak had a high correlation with measured VO2peak (r = 0.908, P<0.001). Conclusion: The 6MWT and proposed native VO2peak prediction equation could be used as a simple and safe tool for measurement of the CRF in the boys. It seems that physicians, exercise and fitness coaches, and physiotherapists could be able to evaluate the effect of medical and exercise prescriptions on the CRF of the boys via performing the 6MWT. This claim needs future studies.
Short-term exercise training increases plasma levels of klotho and total antioxidant capacity in male Wistar rats
Authors: Ramez Maral , Nasirinezhad Farinaz , Rajabi Hamid , Aboutaleb Nahid , Naderi Nasim
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Soluble or circulating form of Klotho (i.e., anti-aging and longevity protein) has biological effects on various body cells and tissues. Considering the role of exercise training on protective proteins, the present study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on plasma levels of Klotho, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Methods: In this study, 24 male Wistar rats with a weight range of 250-300 g and 8-10 weeks old were randomly divided into control, HIIT, and MICT groups. Training included five consecutive days on the treadmill. HIIT including 6×2 minutes high intermittence with 85%-90% Vo2 max and 5×2 minutes slow intermittence (active recovery) with 55%-60% Vo2 max. MICT program was performed at 70% Vo2 max that total distance running was the same for the HIIT group. Then, the plasma levels of Klotho, TAC, and MDA were measured by ELISA assay. Finally, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the results, a significant increase was observed in plasma levels of Klotho and TAC in both HIIT and MICT groups compared to the control group (P<0.001) while these changes were significantly more dominant in the HIIT group compared to MICT group (P=0.024). However, the results demonstrated no significant difference between the groups regarding MDA (P=0.109). Contrarily, the finding revealed a significant positive correlation between Klotho and TAC (r=0.79, 0.83, 0.79 in control, HIIT, and MICT groups, respectively, P<0.05), whereas a significant negative association between Klotho with MDA within all the groups (r= -0.78, - 0.86, and -0.81). Conclusion: In general, even short-term aerobic exercise training, especially HIIT increases circulating Klotho and TAC, therefore, this can confirm the positive effects of the training-induced exercise.
Effect of valproic acid on cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines
Authors: Hashemi-Sheikhshabani Somayeh , Amini-Farsani Zeinab , Shamsara Mehdi , Sajadpoor Zahra , Sangtarash Mohammad Hossein , Teimori Hossein
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Platinum resistance has been one of the most important problems in the management of ovarian cancer. The effects of various chemotherapeutic agents are limited in patients with platinum resistance. Therefore, developing new anticancer drugs that can improve the effect of currently used cytostatics is critical. The current study investigated the effects of valproic acid (VPA) alone and in combination with cisplatin on ovarian cancer cells. Methods: In this experimental study, the human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780-S and A2780-CP) were grown in RPMI-1640 medium in appropriate culture conditions. The cells were treated with various concentrations of cisplatin (0.15-400 µg/mL) or VPA (10-2000 µg/mL) and were incubated for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Moreover, A2780 cells were co-treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and VPA for 48 hours. Afterward, cell viability was investigated using MTT assay. GraphPad Prism statistical software was used for the data analysis and ANOVA and Duncan’s test were conducted. Results: A dose- and time-dependent reduction was observed in cell viability following the treatment with cisplatin or VPA. Moreover, cotreatment of the A2780 cells with cisplatin and VPA resulted in a significantly greater inhibition of cell viability compared to the treatment with either agent alone. Conclusion: Overall, it can be argued that VPA does not only cause inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells but also helps to enhance the antiproliferative effects of cisplatin and results in the increased susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant cells. VPA may therefore be used to treat cancer in the future.
Evaluation of anterior pituitary hormonal profile in patients with first seizure of tonic-clonic and temporal lobe epilepsies in Al-Zahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran, during 2014-2016: comparison of hormonal profiles in 2 types of epilepsy
Authors: Ghasemi Aliabadi Maryam , Najafi Mohammad Reza , Meamar Rokhsareh , Nematollahi Shahrzad , Mehrbod Noushin , Dastjerdi Mahsa , Moinzadeh Forouzan
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Temporal lobe and tonic-clonic seizures are the most common types of epilepsy. It is a disease that disrupts the regulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The disturbance in the regulation of this axis affects the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary. Due to the different origins of these 2 types of epilepsy listed above, this study aimed to examine their differences in the level of anterior pituitary hormones. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Zahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran, from 2014 to 2016. A total of 36 patients with the idiopathic first seizure were selected for the examination including 20 patients with tonic-clonic seizure and 16 patients with temporal lobe seizure. The diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed by a neurologist along with electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. The levels of anterior pituitary hormones including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), GH (growth hormone), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and PRL (prolactin) were measured and compared using ELISA method in both groups. Results: The results indicated that all the anterior pituitary hormones except TSH and ACTH had higher means in the temporal lobe epilepsy than in the tonic-clonic epilepsy, but a significant difference (mean ± SD) was reported only in GH (4.59±2.95) (2.55±1.87) (P<0.005) and FSH (19.4±14.06) (4.34±2.37) (P<0.033) respectively in the temporal lobe and tonic-clonic seizures. Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between seizure, regardless of its type, and the level of growth hormone and FSH. Conclusion: In the future, hormonal changes may be used as an adjunct to diagnose the type of epilepsy. More studies are required to confirm the findings.
Determination of antibiotic resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration of meropenem and imipenem growth in Klebsiella strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Shahrekord educational hospitals
Authors: Kakian Farshad , Zamzad Behnam , Gholipour Abolfazl , Zamanzad Kiarash
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Klebsiella is an opportunistic organism that is the cause of severe diseases such as pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). In addition, high antibiotic resistance has challenged the treatment of this bacterium. However, carbapenem antibiotics are considered as the therapeutic agents for selecting the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. The present study aimed to determine the resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem and imipenem. Methods: A total of 80 Klebsiella spp isolated from UTIs were collected in various educational wards (i.e., urology, obstetrics, and gynecology, as well as the units of infectious diseases, internal medicine, and intensive care) in different hospitals of Shahrekord. The isolates were then identified by using biochemical tests. Further, disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, MIC was estimated by the Epsilon-test strip. Moreover, P=Q=0.50, an error of 0.05, and an accuracy of 0.11 were considered for determining the sample size (n=80). Results: Based on the results of disc diffusion method, 24 strains were resistant to meropenem and imipenem. Additionally, the MIC was 24 (30%) by the E-test. In addition, 24 isolates had a MIC of ≥4 μg/mL for meropenem and imipenem and thus were resistant while 18 isolates were found to have a MIC of 1≤ MIC<4 μg/mL and therefore, were considered semi-sensitive (P<0.001). Conclusion: In general, Klebsiella strains were found to be resistant to meropenem and imipenem. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of these strains and the selection of appropriate antibiotics can help quickly eradicate the infections caused by these bacteria. Accordingly, a waste of time, the consumption of medication, or even an increased resistance are prevented.
The effectiveness of group trauma management therapy on the reduction of traumatic bereavement symptoms in bereaved female senior high school students
Authors: Moeini Nasrollah , Basharpoor Sajjad , Hajlu Nader , Narimani Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: One of the important issues that bereaved students are faced with is the symptoms that they experience after the death of their loved one. Consequently, this can reduce their performance in various aspects of life, including education. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group trauma management therapy (GTMT) in reducing the traumatic bereavement symptoms of bereaved female students. Methods: This study was an experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the bereaved senior high school female students of Iranshahr in the school year of 2016-2017. Forty subjects were selected among the whole population using the simple random sampling method. After conducting a clinical interview, to confirm the symptoms of bereavement, the selected individuals were randomly assigned to two experimental group (n=20) and control group (n=20). The Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (HGRC) was used to collect the data. To analyze the obtained data, the descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) tests were applied using SPSS software. Results: The results indicated the effectiveness of trauma management therapy (TMT) in decreasing despair (P<0.001), panic (P<0.001), anger and blame (P<0.001), detachment (P<0.001), disorganization (P<0.001), and personal growth (P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the effect of GTMT on the reduction of traumatic bereavement symptoms among bereaved students, this method can be used as an effective treatment for relieving and reducing the traumatic bereavement symptoms.
The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on perceived stress, resilience, and the quality of life in thalassemia major patients
Authors: Jabbarifard Fariborz , Sharifi Tayebeh , Solati Kamal , Ghazanfari Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: The present study aimed to determine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on perceived stress, resilience, and the quality of life in thalassemia major patients in Lordegan during 2015-2016. Methods: This semi-experimental study used the pre-test and post-test designs with a control group and period. The samples included 40 patients with thalassemia major who referred to Lordegan Shohada hospital, were selected by the purposeful sampling technique based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight-week sessions of the acceptance and commitment-based therapy, while the control group received no intervention until the end of the study. The data were collected by the perceived stress questionnaire (Cohen et al), Researcher Conner and Davison Resilience Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (SF-26). Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS software, repeated measure, and covariance tests Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the perceived stress, resilience, and the quality of life (P<0.001). In addition, based on the results, 66% of the changes in the perceived stress scores, 81% of the difference in the resiliency scores, and 75% of the difference in the quality of life scores were related to the impact of therapy based on the acceptance and group commitment. Further, the results of the analysis variance of the internal group revealed that the effect of therapy based on the acceptance and commitment on the perceived stress, resilience, and the quality of life had a significant difference in pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. Conclusion: In general, the therapy based on the acceptance and commitment is found to be a useful practice in reducing the perceived stress while increasing the resilience and improving the quality of life in patients with thalassemia major.
Study of respiratory allergens and associated factors in patients with allergic rhinitis referring to Imam Ali clinic in Shahrekord
Authors: Zamani Mohammad Ali , Alipour Monireh , Ahmadi Ali , Khoshdel Abolfazl
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Respiratory allergens cause several problems for people with allergic rhinitis and are considered as a global challenge. This disease is an IgE-mediated nasal inflammatory disease that is triggered by the contact of the allergen. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate respiratory allergens and associated factors in patients with allergic rhinitis who referred to a clinic in Shahrekord located in the southwest of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 patients including 100 males and 100 females were enrolled using a convenience sampling technique. Diagnoses were made according to clinical symptoms and observation. In addition, the skin prick tests were used to detect the allergens. Finally, data were recorded and then analyzed by Stata. Results: Based on the results, 73.5%, 70.5%, 46%, and 43% of the patients were allergic to the following allergens including Dermatophagoid pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides parinae, tree, and grass, respectively. Further, the mean height in the group with a positive and negative test for the inhaled allergens equaled 144.92±29.72 and 131.65±30.93, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). However, the mean weight, age, and the time at the onset of the disease were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the negative or positive reaction to the allergens failed to significantly differ with respect to gender, marital status, occupation, the county of residence, the area of residence, family size, and a family history of the disease (P>0.05). Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis is regarded as a common disorder among teenagers and young adults in this setting. Allergy to one or more respiratory allergens was found to be highly prevalent in patients with allergic rhinitis and the highest rate of allergy was observed to the mites, followed by tree and grass.
Wives’ perception of sexual relationship with narcissistic men: Results of a qualitative thematic analysis with Iranian women
Authors: Moradi Iesa , Fatehizade Maryam , Ahmadi Ahmad , Etemadi Ozra
Published: February 2020

Background and aims:Many studies have investigated the interpersonal dimensions of narcissism, though women’s perceptions of sexual relationship with a narcissistic individual have rarely been the topic of interest. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual lived experiences of women living with narcissistic men.Methods:To this end, a qualitative thematic analysis was used to have a better understanding of the concept. A total of 31 women were selected through convenience sampling technique and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview, all of whom were living with their narcissistic husbands. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by thematic analysis.Results:Based on the findings of this study, two main themes emerged during data analysis. First, women found their sexual relationship with a narcissistic man insecure, as well as the perception that their relationship was one-sided and demanding. In addition, the insecured relationship comprised several subthemes including the lack of sexual intimacy, sexual aggression and unwanted sex, and low commitment. The other main themes contained two sub-themes, namely, unrealistic and excessive expectations from the spouse and the relationship and the lack of responsibility and cooperation of the husband.Conclusion:This study was mainly focused on sexuality in living with a narcissistic person and the results showed that sex is strongly influenced by the consequences of narcissism. This study also has some research and clinical implications for future research.
Infantile Pompe disease treatment with Myozyme in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari: A case report
Authors: Asadpour Nabiollah , Bagheri-Kakolaki Najmeh
Published: February 2020

Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder that results from an inborn error of metabolism which involves abnormal glycogen storage. Infantile-onset Pompe disease is the most severe phenotype that manifests with the findings of hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, feeding difficulties, a failure to thrive, hearing loss, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with systolic dysfunction, and respiratory distress. There is no effective treatment for Pompe disease and clinical control includes primary support health care. However, recent studies have reported that enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) can effectively decrease the symptoms or severity of the disease. The present study is a case report of a 24-day patient with infantile-onset Pompe disease who presented coughing and respiratory distress. The infant experienced fatigue during breastfeeding from the birth and developed dry and nonproductive coughs and perioral cyanosis from two weeks after the birth. The echocardiogram demonstrated left and right ventricular enlargement, mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, and pulmonary hypertension. After definitive diagnosis, the patient was administered with 20 mg/kg of alglucosidase 50 mg vial once every two weeks. He experienced significant improvement in body weight and echocardiogram and symptoms such as fatigue during breastfeeding and perioral cyanosis disappeared completely while he was under Myozyme treatment. In general, the observations confirmed the efficacy of Myozyme in a patient with infantile Pompe disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and quick treatment of Pompe disease with Myozyme can lead to acceptable outcomes, improve conditions, and finally, increase the chance of survival in these patients.
Evaluation of related variables on endothelial progenitor cells in first transient ischemic attack
Authors: Meamr Rokhsareh , Nikyar Hamidreza , Chitsaz Ahmad , Dehghani Leila , Nasri Maryam
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: In a transient ischemic attack (TIA), the activation of the endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has a prominent role in the formation of collateral vessels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of effective variables (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, a family history of cardiovascular diseases, and statin therapy on the level of EPCs in TIA. Methods: Thirty patients suffering from the first attack of TIA, without having a history of acute cerebral injury, surgery or trauma, and blood disorders were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Then, flow cytometry was utilized to estimate the level of EPCs CD34 and CD309 and the results were evaluated based on the t test or the Mann-Whitney test. Finally, the Pearson or Spearman correlation was used to establish the relationship between the variables. The level of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. Results: The mean±SD number of CD309 in patients with hyperlipidemia was less than those with no hyperlipidemia (3.35±2.77 vs. 5.59±3.85, P=0.02) and diabetic patients had a significantly higher number of CD309 compared to non-diabetics (6.14±4.89 vs, 3.5± 3.49, P=0.05). Conversely, the mean number of CD34 in groups with or without the studied variables was not statistically significant. The results further revealed that the average total of CD309 and CD34 was significantly lower in patients with hyperlipidemia as compared to those with no sign of hyperlipidemia (9.44± 3.05 vs. 6.67±4.6, P=0.02). Using logistic regression, the intended variables demonstrated no significant effects on endothelial cells, and the relationship between age and the number of progenitor cells was not significant. Conclusion: In our study, only hyperlipidemia acted as a factor influencing the numbers of EPCs. Therefore, more studies with larger sample sizes are required to discover the role of these variables on progenitor cells in TIA.