bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the vulnerability of ecosystems to climate change based on climate exposure, vegetation stability and productivity
Authors: Xu Kai , Wang Xiangping , Jiang Chao , Sun Osbert Jianxin
Published: April 2020

Background

Global warming has brought many negative impacts on terrestrial ecosystems, which makes the vulnerability of ecosystems one of the hot issues in current ecological research. Here, we proposed an assessment method based on the IPCC definition of vulnerability. The exposure to future climate was characterized using a moisture index (MI) that integrates the effects of temperature and precipitation. Vegetation stability, defined as the proportion of intact natural vegetation that remains unchanged under changing climate, was used together with vegetation productivity trend to represent the sensitivity and adaptability of ecosystems. Using this method, we evaluated the vulnerability of ecosystems in Southwestern China under two future representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) with MC2 dynamic global vegetation model.

Results

(1) Future (2017–2100) climate change will leave 7.4% (under RCP 4.5) and 57.4% of (under RCP 8.5) of areas under high or very high vulnerable climate exposure; (2) in terms of vegetation stability, nearly 45% of the study area will show high or very high vulnerability under both RCPs. Beside the impacts of human disturbance on natural vegetation coverage (vegetation intactness), climate change will cause obvious latitudinal movements in vegetation distribution, but the direction of movements under two RCPs were opposite due to the difference in water availability; (3) vegetation productivity in most areas will generally increase and remain a low vulnerability in the future; (4) an assessment based on the above three aspects together indicated that future climate change will generally have an adverse impact on all ecosystems in Southwestern China, with non-vulnerable areas account for only about 3% of the study area under both RCPs. However, compared with RCP 4.5, the areas with mid- and high-vulnerability under RCP 8.5 scenario increased by 13% and 16%, respectively.

Conclusion

Analyses of future climate exposure and projected vegetation distribution indicate widespread vulnerability of ecosystems in Southwestern China, while vegetation productivity in most areas will show an increasing trend to the end of twenty-first century. Based on new climate indicators and improved vulnerability assessment rules, our method provides an extra option for a more comprehensive evaluation of ecosystem vulnerability, and should be further tested at larger spatial scales in order to provide references for regional, or even global, ecosystem conservation works.
Determinants of community-led ivermectin treatment adherence for onchocerciasis control in Western Ethiopia: a case-control study
Authors: Ayalew Fikadu , Atnafu Desta Debalkie , Bedimo Melkamu , Mulatu Kebadnew
Published: April 2020

Background

Onchocerciasis is an infection of a filarial worm which is endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Annual mass treatment with high coverage over for a long period of time should lead to a complete interruption of transmission and the ultimate elimination of the parasite. However, in Ethiopia, the required coverage levels were not achieved. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the possible determinants of onchocerciasis treatment adherence in Assossa District.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted among 528 respondents (176 cases and 352 controls). Cases were respondents who took all five doses of treatments, and controls were those who took at most four does of ivermectin treatments (missed at least one or more doses). Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Each possible factor for treatment adherence, with aPvalue < 0.2 obtained in the bi-variable logistic regression was entered into the multivariable logistic regression models to control the confounding factors.pvalue < 0.05 was used as cut-off-point for a variable to become a significant determinant of treatment adherence in multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Participation in selecting drug distributers [AOR = 2.7, 95%CI (1.7–4.1)], measuring height for dose determination [AOR = 3.6, 95%CI (1.9–6.7)], perceived risk of getting onchocerciasis [AOR = 2.1, 95%CI (1.6–2.7)], living near running water [AOR = 1.7, 95%CI (1.1–2.8)], and perceived needs of support for intake of ivermectin [AOR = 3.2, 95%CI(2.1–4.9)] were independent predictors for t treatment adherence.

Conclusions

Treatment adherence was influenced by participation in selecting drug distributers, measuring height for dose determination, perceived risk of getting onchocerciasis, living near running water and perceived needs of support for intake of ivermectin. To improve intake of the drug and its adherence, the community should be empowered to make decisions, and counseling family members and sensitizing those living far from river sides is commendable. Health information about onchocerciasis should be strengthening to increase risk perception.
Determination of antagonistic effect of bio-agents against cereal damping-off caused by Fusarium graminearum in wheat
Authors: Er Yesim
Published: April 2020

The antagonistic effect of the isolates ofGliocladium roseum,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Sordaria fimicola, and their mixtures, at different concentrations against the cereal damping-off pathogen,Fusarium graminearum, was examined in vitro and in vivo (foliar, seed, soil, seed + soil) treatments on the susceptible wheat cultivars “Gun 91 and Sultan 95.” The 3 isolates inhibited growth ofF.graminearumat a concentration of 1 × 109spores/ml with inhibition rates of 84, 88, and 91%, respectively under in vitro conditions. For in vivo assays, the mixture ofS.cerevisiae + S.fimicolaexhibited a considerable antagonistic activity even at a concentration of 1 × 105spores/ml. Particularly, at the seed + soil treatment of the mixture, the pathogen was almost completely suppressed with an inhibition rate above 96% at concentrations of 1 × 108and 1 × 109spores/ml for both wheat cultivars, and the percentage of emerged seedlings reached nearly 100%. The results verified that the mixture ofS.cerevisiae + S.fimicolahad a high potential, as a promising biocontrol agents and an eco-friendly alternative, to be used against the cereal damping-off caused byF.graminearum, to reduce the use of systemic fungicides.
Role of shear wave elastography in characterization of hepatic focal lesions
Authors: Serag Dena M. , Ebeid Eman A. , Dessouky Basma A. , Omar Hazem
Published: April 2020

Background

Elastography is a recently developed diagnostic method that aims to evaluate tissue stiffness. Its utility is based on the fact that pathological tissues are generally stiffer than surrounding healthy tissues which often show up as a hard lesion. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a new technique based on shear waves that has been implemented in diagnostic ultrasound (US) systems. The aim of this study is to study the role of shear wave elastography in differentiation between benign and malignant hepatic focal lesions.

Results

The study was conducted on 110 patients (92 males, 18 females) with a mean age of 51.7 years. Age range was from 30 to 70 years; 28 patients were diagnosed with benign lesions, and 82 with malignant lesions. SWE shows that there is a significant difference in stiffness between malignant and benign lesions with p value = 0.002 and with mean ± SD of 10.3 ± 6.31 kPa for the benign lesions and 16.2 ± 9.32 kPa for the malignant group. A cutoff value of 13.24 was selected to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions using the SWE mean providing sensitivity 78.04%, specificity 71.42%, and accuracy 64.2%.

Conclusion

SWE is a good tool in the differentiation of benign and malignant hepatic focal lesions.
Impact of Pharmacy Benefit Managers on Oncology Practices and Patients
Authors: Royce Trevor J. , Schenkel Caroline , Kirkwood Kelsey , Levit Laura , Levit Kathryn , Kircher Sheetal
Published: April 2020

Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) are thoroughly integrated into the drug supply chain as administrators of prescription drug benefits for private insurers, self-insuring business, and government health plans. As the role of PBMs has expanded, their opaque business practices and impact on drug prices have come under increasing scrutiny. PBMs are particularly influential in oncology care because prescription drugs play a major role in the treatment of most cancers and an increasing number of patients with cancer are treated with oral oncology agents managed by PBMs. There is concern that some PBM practices may threaten access to high-quality cancer care and may increase the financial and administrative burden on patients and practices. In this article, we review the role of PBMs in prescription drug coverage and reimbursement, discuss the impact of PBMs on oncology care, and present data from the 2018 ASCO Practice Survey assessing the knowledge and attitude of oncology practices toward PBMs.
Solvent Selection Scheme Using Machine Learning Based on Physicochemical Description of Solvent Molecules: Application to Cyclic Organometallic Reaction
Authors: Fujinami Mikito , Maekawara Hiroki , Isshiki Ryota , Seino Junji , Yamaguchi Junichiro , Nakai Hiromi
Published: April 2020

A solvent selection scheme for optimization of reactions is proposed using machine learning, based on the numerical descriptions of solvent molecules. Twenty-eight key solvents were represented using 17 physicochemical descriptors. Clustering analysis results implied that the descriptor represents the chemical characteristics of the solvent molecules. During the assessment of an organometallic reaction system, the regression analysis indicated that learning even a small number of experimental results can be useful for identifying solvents that will produce high experimental yields. Observation of the regression coefficients, and both clustering and regression analysis, can be effective when selecting a solvent to be used for an experiment.
Diagnostic accuracy of NMP 22 and urine cytology for detection of transitional cell carcinoma urinary bladder taking cystoscopy as gold standard
Authors: Sajid Muhammad Tanveer , Zafar Muhammad Rafiq , Ahmad Hussain , Ullah Saif , Mirza Zahoor Iqbal , Shahzad Khubaib
Published: April 2020

Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of NMP 22 and urine cytology in the detection of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) urinary bladder taking cystoscopy as a gold standard in patients having provisional diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC).

Methods: This cross sectional validational study enrolled 380 patients fulfilling selection criteria and was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Urology (AFIU) Rawalpindi, Pakistan form July 2018 to July 2019. The urine sample collected underwent NMP22 and cytological analysis followed by rigid cystoscopy. Reports of all three tests divided patients into positive or negative for malignancy as per defined criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of NMP 22, urine cytology and their combination was determined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis performed and area under the curve (AUC) compared among these tests.

Results: The average age of patients was 53.08 ± 12.41 years having male to female ratio 3.75:1(300 males and 80 females). NMP 22 had better sensitivity and comparable specificity to cytology (81.9 & 81.2% vs 54 & 93.9%). Combination of NMP 22 / cytology outperformed both in terms of sensitivity (91.63 vs 81.83 vs 53.96), NPV (87.59 vs 77.46 vs 61.02) and diagnostic accuracy (85.26 vs 81.58 vs 71.32) but at the cost of specificity (76.97 vs 81.21 vs 93.94) and PPV (83.83 vs 85.02 vs 92.06). ROC curve revealed statistically significant higher AUC (0.843 vs .815 vs .73) for combination as compared to NMP 22 and Cytology (p<0.001).

Conclusion: NMP22 is a quick, point of care test having higher sensitivity, NPV and accuracy but similar specificity and PPV to urine cytology for detection of TCC urinary bladder. Combination outperformed both in terms of sensitivity while having modest specificity.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1638

How to cite this:Sajid MT, Zafar MR, Ahmad H, Saif Ullah, Mirza ZI, Shahzad K. Diagnostic accuracy of NMP 22 and urine cytology for detection of transitional cell carcinoma urinary bladder taking cystoscopy as gold standard. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):705-710.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1638

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Distortion correction and image registration of ultralarge field of view near-eye display device
Authors: Li Haili , Li Haifeng , Xu Liang , Liu Xu
Published: April 2020

A large field of view (FOV) is one dominant factor in improving the immersion of head-mounted displays (HMDs), and optical splicing is a mainstream solution to achieve it. For a display device with a large FOV, the camera may not be able to obtain the full-frame distorted image in a single shot. This paper proposes a computational correction method to achieve distortion correction for these devices. The method uses homography transformation to transform subsampled images to the same coordinate system for stitching, then performs the subregional Bézier patch fitting, which adequately describes the complex nonlinear distortion on the stitched image. Finally, the mapping table can be utilized for subsystem correction. Experiment results show that the method reduces the maximum standard deviation of the line fitting error from about 12 pixels to less than 1 pixel, effectively eliminating the distortion. For optical spliced HMDs, this paper proposes an image registration scheme that modifies the mapping table aforementioned by feedback adjustment to remove the misalignment of subsystem imaging results at the seam. Experiment results show that the method can ensure a good stitching effect.
Tuning optical properties of atomically heterogeneous systems created by plasma-based low-energy ion beams
Authors: Pal Singh Krishn , Majumdar Jayashree , Bhattacharjee Sudeep
Published: April 2020

The optical properties (reflectivity, transmissivity, and absorptivity) of metallic thin films (MTFs) of copper, silver, gold, and aluminum upon irradiation by low-energy (

∼

0.5

k
e
V

) inert gaseous argon (

A
r

+

) ion beams are investigated using UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry. The optical constants (real and imaginary parts of the refractive index) of both pristine as well as irradiated MTFs are measured by employing the pseudo-Brewster angle technique. The implanted low-energy

A
r

+

ions modify the dielectric constant of pure MTFs, which in turn changes the refractive index and therefore alters the optical properties of MTFs. Results indicate that the reflectivity decreases, whereas the transmissivity increases with

A
r

+

ion fluence. Absorptivity, calculated using the energy conservation law, increases with ion fluence. The optical modification of MTFs is discussed in light of Maxwell-Garnett theory, and possible applications are outlined.
Self-referenced terahertz refractive index sensor based on a cavity resonance and Tamm plasmonic modes
Authors: Mehdi Keshavarz M. , Alighanbari Abbas
Published: April 2020

A self-referenced terahertz (THz) refractive index sensor is proposed. The structure consists of two opposite-facing, graphene-covered distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), with a cavity formed in between. The cavity is filled with the ambient medium, and its resonance frequency is sensitive to the changes of the ambient refractive index. On the other hand, Tamm-plasmonic modes, which are excited at the DBR-graphene boundaries, are insensitive to the ambient refractive index and thus provide a frequency reference. The proposed structure is studied using a semi-analytical transfer matrix method (TMM). The sensor, studied for gas sensing, achieves a sensitivity of 0.982 THz per refractive index unit (THz/RIU), and a figure of merit (FoM) of

142

R
I
U

−
1

at the cavity resonance frequency of 1.1 THz. The effects of different parameters on the sensor’s performance are also investigated. Compared to the previous high-performance THz refractive index sensing approaches, the proposed structure is simpler because it requires no phase- or polarization-matching devices, such as polarizers, prisms, and gratings. Moreover, it provides a self-referenced operation, which was rarely achievable using previous methods.
Composite spiral multi-value zone plates
Authors: Gharbi Ghebjagh Shima , Sinzinger Stefan
Published: April 2020

We present composite spiral multi-value phase zone plates that are achieved by sectioning a spiral multi-value phase zone plate into several radial regions. Each region is composed of specially structured Fresnel zones with optimized phase values and an embedded basic topological charge. In numerical studies, it is shown that the proposed element is capable of producing equal intensity arrays of petal-like modes as well as dark optical ring lattice structures along the optical axis in multiple focal planes of the diffractive element. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the generated petal-like modes can be rotated in a controllable manner by implementing an angular frequency shift between the two composited spiral multi-value phase zone plates. We also illustrate that the rotation angle is independent of the diffraction order. Experimental results are included to verify the theoretical outcomes, where the phase pattern of the composite spiral multi-value zone plate is encoded onto a spatial light modulator.
Evaluation of the radial inhomogeneity of a magnetic field by magnetic-sensitive Ramsey interference fringes at 87Rb atomic fountain clock
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhang Ning , Zhao Weijing , Ji Qingchen , Dong Richang , Wei Rong , Wang Yuzhu
Published: April 2020

This paper demonstrates the evaluation of the radial inhomogeneity of the magnetic field of an atomic fountain clock, which affects the Ramsey interference fringe visibility. Based on the simplified inhomogeneous magnetic field model, the relationship between the fringe visibility and the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field is obtained; a magnetic field broadening limit of 70 pT for the fountain clock is observed when the interference fringes disappear. Magnetic field broadening of 100 pT in the local interaction region of the atomic fountain clock is measured by a special magnetic-sensitive Ramsey interference method. It is verified that the non-uniform widening of the magnetic field is the cause of the absence of interference fringes of adjacent lines.
Structural, thermal and broadband NIR emission properties of Nd3+/Pr3+/Ag NPs co-doped tellurite glass
Authors: Shen Xinjie , Xia Lizhang , Zhang Yu , Li Jun , Yang Gaobo , Zhou Yaxun
Published: April 2020

Nd3+/Pr3+ co-doped tellurite glasses containing metallic Ag NPs were synthesized by melt-quenching and heat-treating techniques. The amorphous structural nature, fundamental vibrational units and good thermal stability of the prepared tellurite glasses were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Raman spectrum and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curve, respectively. The precipitated Ag NPs in a glass matrix with an average diameter ∼5 nm were revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image, and the radiative property of Nd3+ and Pr3+ ions was evaluated from the absorption spectrum by Judd-Ofelt theory. Under the excitation of 488 nm Xenon lamp, two broadband near-infrared emissions covering 800-1100 nm and 1250-1650 nm ranges were observed from the fluorescence spectrum. The former originated from the transitions of Pr3+:3P1,0→1G4, Pr3+:1D2→3F4,3, Nd3+:4F3/2→4I11/2 and Nd3+:4F3/2→4I9/2, while the latter was contributed by the Pr3+:1G4→3H5, Pr3+:1D2→1G4, Pr3+:3F3→3H4 and Nd3+:4F3/2→4I13/2 transitions. With the introduction of Ag NPs, the emission intensity of two broadband near-infrared emissions was further enhanced, in which the peak emission intensity of 1250-1650 nm band was increased by about 56% and the FWHM is up to 250 nm. The obtained results indicate that Nd3+/Pr3+/Ag NPs co-doped tellurite glass has great potential in realizing ultra-broadband near-infrared emission covering O-, E- and S-bands simultaneously.
All-optical diffractive neural networked terahertz hologram
Authors: Liao Dashuang , Chan Ka Fai , Chan Chi Hou , Zhang Qingle , Wang Haogang
Published: April 2020

Holography has garnered an explosion of interest in tremendous applications, owing to its capability of storing amplitude and phase of light and reconstructing the full-wave information of targets. Spatial light modulators, metalenses, metasurfaces, and other devices have been explored to achieve holographic images. However, the required phase distributions for conventional holograms are generally calculated using the Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm, and the iteration is time-consuming without Fourier transform or other acceleration techniques. Few studies on designing holograms using artificial intelligence methods have been conducted. In this Letter, a three-dimensional (3D)-printed hologram for terahertz (THz) imaging based on a diffractive neural network (DNN) is proposed. Target imaging letters “THZ” with uniform field amplitude are assigned to a predefined imaging surface. Quantified phase profiles are primarily obtained by training the DNN with the target image and input field pattern. The entire training process takes only 60 s. Consequently, the hologram, that is, a two-dimensional array of dielectric posts with variational heights that store phase information, is fabricated using a 3D printer. The full-wave simulation and experimental results demonstrate the capability of the proposed hologram to achieve high-quality imaging in the THz regime. The proposed lens and design strategy may open new possibilities in display, optical-data storage, and optical encryption.
Ultrapure and highly efficient green light emitting devices based on ligand-modified CsPbBr3 quantum dots
Authors: Yan Dongdong , Zhao Shuangyi , Wang Huaxin , Zang Zhigang
Published: April 2020

All inorganic

CsPbBr

3

perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have been recognized as promising optical materials to fabricate green light emission devices because of their excellent optical performance. However, regular

CsPbBr

3

QDs with an oleic acid (OA) ligand show poor stability, which limits their practical application. We replaced the OA ligand in

CsPbBr

3

QDs with a 2-hexyldecanoic acid (DA) ligand and, in the synthesis, found that the new material has better optical properties than regular

CsPbBr

3

QDs (

CsPbBr

3

-
OA

QDs). Due to the strong binding energy between the DA ligand and QDs, the ligand-modified

CsPbBr

3

QDs (

CsPbBr

3

-
DA

QDs) show a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 96%, while the PLQY of

CsPbBr

3

-
OA

QDs is 84%. Subsequently, the

CsPbBr

3

QDs coated on the blue light-emitting diode (LED) chips as green phosphors are demonstrated. The color conversion from blue to pure green is achieved by adding the

CsPbBr

3

-
OA

QDs solution up to 60 μL, while the pure green emission devices only need 18 μL

CsPbBr

3

-
DA

QDs solution under the same concentration. The ultrapure, highly efficient green light-emitting devices based on

CsPbBr

3

-
DA

QDs exhibit a luminous efficiency of 43.6 lm/W with a CIE (0.2086, 0.7635) under a 15.3 mA driving current. In addition, the green emission wavelength of the devices based on

CsPbBr

3

-
DA

QDs almost has no shift, even under a high injection current. These results highlight the promise of DA ligand-modified

CsPbBr

3

QDs for light-emitting devices and enrich the application field of ligand-modified

CsPbBr

3

QDs.
Left ventricular myocardial remodeling in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis
Authors: Vatnikov Yury A. , Rudenko Andrey A. , Usha Boris V. , Kulikov Evgeny V. , Notina Elena A. , Bykova Irina A. , Khairova Nadiya I. , Bondareva Irina V. , Grishin Victor N. , Zharov Andrey N.
Published: April 2020

Background and Aim: Left ventricular myocardial remodeling could play an important role in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF) syndrome in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the left ventricular myocardial remodeling in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis and to study the dependence of the incidence of this pathological phenomenon on the functional class (FC) of progression of the CHF syndrome.

Materials and Methods: A total of 108 afflicted dogs and 36 clinically healthy dogs were examined using transthoracic echocardiography. The following structural and geometric parameters of the left ventricular remodeling were evaluated: Myocardial mass and its index, sphericity index at the end of systole and diastole, end-systolic and end-diastolic relative wall thickness, and integral remodeling index.

Results: In all clinically healthy dogs, a normal type of the left ventricular chamber geometry was revealed, whereas, in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis, the normal geometry of the left ventricle occurred in 56.4%, eccentric hypertrophy in 24.1%, concentric remodeling in 10.2%, and concentric hypertrophy in 9.3% of the cases. In patients with endocardiosis, there was no dilatation type of cardiac remodeling observed.

Conclusion: When compared to the clinically healthy animals, the dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis presented with indicators of structural and geometric remodeling, such as increased myocardial mass, myocardial mass index, and sphericity index at the end of systole and diastole, as well as relatively reduced integral systolic index of remodeling and systolic relative thickness of the walls of the heart. The parameters of the left ventricular myocardial remodeling correlated significantly with the FC of CHF syndrome.
Is this essential for Japan to changes its LNG import policy? Some evidence of the OPEC crude oil price shocks
Authors: Raeisi Sarkandiz Mostafa
Published: April 2020

In this study, Japan's LNG import contracts are discussed. Given the importance that these contracts are oil-indexation, the impact of crude oil price volatility (emphasizing OPEC oil basket) on LNG prices was studied using a structural VAR model from January 1997 to October 2017. Also, the Hodrick-Prescott filter was used to separate positive and negative shocks to investigate the effect of oil price shocks on LNG prices. The results showed that the relationship between LNG and crude oil prices has increased over time and that the effect of price shocks was asymmetric so that the impact of positive shocks was more lasting and more significant than negative shocks. This imbalance indicates that the basic oil contracting mechanism generally works to secure sellers' rights. So Japan needs to reform its contracts. Looking at gas sales contracts elsewhere in the world, it seems that the best alternative to current contracts would be the formation of an LNG hub in the North and East Asian region with the focus on Japan or Singapore.
CAUSE COMMUNICATION AT INACTIVITY IN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Bigishiev R.A.
Published: April 2020

The problems of causation and inaction are considered among the most controversial and difficult incriminal law. In the science of criminal law, there are different points of view on the actual nature of inactionand causation, as well as a variety of views on the causality of inaction. Despite the fact that the numberof compositions that take into account the responsibility for the consequences that have been caused byinaction has limits, the solution of the problem of its causality seems not only theoretically but also practicallysignificant. Determining the causal relationship between the act and socially dangerous consequences makesit possible to address the question of wrongfulness and culpability of the act, namely, is the basis of criminalliability in crimes with material composition.The article investigates the problem of the causative capacity of inaction in criminal law and proves thepossibility of causing immaterial and material socially.
DISCUSSION ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE DIRECT OBJECT OF ILLEGAL ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF GAMBLING
Authors: Detkov A.P. , Popova Yu.V.
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the issues of establishing the direct object of illegal organization and conduct ofgambling. In the course of the study, the authors answer the following questions: does the illegal organizationand conduct of gambling belong to crimes in the sphere of economic activity, or should responsibility for such acts be established in another Chapter of the criminal law — 25 (“Crimes against public health and publicmorality”); expediency of allocation of additional optional objects of a crime for the purpose of exclusion ofcompetition of criminal-legal norms and double qualification of the act; validity of criminalization of acts,responsibility for which was established by the Federal law of 29.07.2018 No. 227-FZ. The following researchmethods are used: comparative legal method, method of generalization, systematization, and analysis ofstatistical information. According to the results of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that thecrime in question is related to the economic and the need for partial decriminalization of the act.
Evaluation of the serum biochemistry and histopathology of kidney and bladder of dogs with Leishmania sp. in their urine
Authors: Batista Joilson Ferreira , Verçosa Barbara Laurice Araújo , Alves Michel Muálem de Moraes , Rocha Fernanda Samara Barbosa , Carvalho Rayssa Maria de Araújo , Prianti Maria das Graças , Queiroz Bárbara Cristina Silva Holanda , Costa Carlos Henrique Nery , Mendonça Ivete Lopes de
Published: April 2020

The visceral establishment of Leishmania infantum in dogs may result in kidney and bladder tissue injury, with L. infantum ending up in urine. This study therefore aimed at investigating the presence of Leishmania sp. in urinary sediments, and correlating the results with those from renal and bladder serum biochemistry and histopathology. Thirty dogs with negative Nested-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for E. canis were used in the experiment, and were divided into three groups: control group (10 dogs), neither leishmaniasis nor clinical changes; group I (15 dogs), leishmaniasis but no Leishmania sp. in urine; and group II (5 dogs), leishmaniasis, as well as Leishmania sp. in urine. All animals were submitted to clinical, serological, and parasitological diagnosis for leishmaniasis, biochemical exams, and kidney and bladder histopathology. The parasite was also detected in the bladder imprint of one group II dog. Group II dogs presented with very low albumin concentrations, low albumin/globulin ratios, and kidney and bladder lesions. In the kidneys, hydropic degeneration, thickened Bowman's capsule, and thickening of the tubular capsule were detected in all dogs with positive urinary sediment. However, no significant difference in these renal changes was observed between groups. The intensity and distribution of bladder inflammatory infiltrates were significantly (p-value < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis’ and Dunn’s tests) higher in group II dogs, compared with those of the other groups. The presence of Leishmania sp. in the urine of infected dogs appeared to be related to low serum albumin concentrations and more severe bladder lesions.
Sistema toponímico do Tocantins (SISTOP):
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Vieira do , Andrade Karylleila Santos
Published: April 2020

A Toponímia tem como escopo o estudo dos topônimos, ou seja, os nomes de lugares. Essa subárea da Onomástica alimenta e é retroalimentada por fios de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Partindo do princípio da interdisciplinaridade, o presente trabalho busca compreender a proposta preliminar de um software toponímico pela ótica de professores de Geografia do Ensino Fundamental. A proposta do software é a sua implementação na Educação Básica, como uma possibilidade de valorizar e de fomentar a ampliação do leque de conhecimentos acerca dos nomes de lugares do Estado do Tocantins.
Toponímia rural de acidentes humanos do Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Reis de , Negri Isquerdo Aparecida
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho discute resultados parciais da pesquisa em desenvolvimento que tem como objetivo mais amplo descrever e analisar a toponímia rural de acidentes humanos do Mato Grosso do Sul em termos motivação e de estrutura linguística. Neste artigo examinam-se topônimos compostos que nomeiam fazendas localizadas na mesorregião Centro-Norte do Estado do Mato Grosso de Sul, que abrange as microrregiões do Alto Taquari e de Campo Grande, com 16 municípios. O corpus relativo a essa área geográfica extraídos do Sistema de Dados do Projeto Atems[1] e dos mapas oficiais do IBGE escala 1:100.000 (2010) totalizou 1.113 designativos que foram analisados, segundo a motivação, seguindo o modelo taxionômico de Dick (1992, p. 31-34), e conforme os constituintes sintáticos[2] dos topônimos compostos com base em Neves (2000). Os resultados do estudo mostraram que os nomes de fazendas de estrutura composta evidenciam predominantemente as seguintes estruturas dos sintagmas: (Det. Num. + SN) “Dois Irmãos”; (SN+SN) “Maria Augusta”; (SN+ SA) “Terra forte”. Em termos de motivação, dentre as taxionomias de natureza física predominaram os hidrotopônimos, o que denota a influência do ambiente físico na nomeação das propriedades rurais, enquanto entre as taxionomias de natureza antropocultural destacaram-se os nomes de cunho religioso, os hagiotopônimos, atestando, assim, que o ambiente social e cultural do grupo, como a religiosidade reflete-se na nomeação de fazendas da região estudada. Para o estudo utilizam-se como referencial teórico, fundamentalmente, as contribuições de Dick (1990; 1992; 1997; 1998; 1999); de Sapir (1961) e de Neves (2000).
Formação e estilização ortográfica de nomes artísticos de drag queens
Authors: Alves de Souza Josy Maria , Prado Natália Cristine
Published: April 2020

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar os processos de formação de nomes artísticos de drag queens do estado de Rondônia, observando sua relação com os prenomes desses sujeitos. Como objetivos secundários pretende-se investigar se ocorre estilização ortográfica no processo de adoção dos nomes artísticos. O estudo empreendido é tanto quantitativo quanto qualitativo e se constitui de um corpus de cinco nomes artísticos de artistas drag queens do Estado de Rondônia que se dispuseram a responder a um questionário online disponibilizado na plataforma Google.docs. Procedida à análise, constatamos que a quase totalidade de drag queens que colaboraram com nossa pesquisa tende a adotar nomes artísticos sem identidade morfológica com o prenome e que o processo de formação de nomes utilizado foi a derivação. Constatamos, também, que 80% dos nomes artísticos analisados se enquadram nos padrões usuais do Português Brasileiro e que, destes, 20% são variantes dicionarizadas e 80% apresentam ortografia estilizada pela duplicação de grafema em especial da consoante . Além disso, constatamos a inserção de grafemas como  e  e o uso dos grafemas  e  em substituição aos grafemas  e , respectivamente. Em relação à funcionalidade de gênero, constatamos que as artistas drag queens participantes da pesquisa marcam, na representação linguística do seu nome artístico, uma unicidade e uma individualidade que distanciam sua performance da sua identidade de gênero e intentam, com essa unicidade e individualidade, atrair a atenção dos seus seguidores.
São todos nomes de demônios!
Authors: Nascimento Natália Oliveira , Ribeiro de Queiroz Rita de Cássia
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo trata de um recorte da dissertação intitulada “De Oxumaré à Rosa de Sarom: a influência religiosa na substituição dos topônimos das ruas do Loteamento Jardim Sucupira em Feira de Santana - BA”. Neste artigo objetivamos apresentar os fenômenos ocorridos nos signos toponímicos das ruas do Loteamento Jardim Sucupira, em Feira de Santana-BA, e seus efeitos. O referido loteamento é portador do conjunto lexical com quinze nomes de rua com étimo dividido entre as línguas banto, iorubá e fon, constituindo nosso corpus, coletado no Google maps e no catálogo da Telecomunicações da Bahia S.A -Telebahia, o qual apresenta o fenômeno da opacidade, com mais recorrência, e o fenômeno da fossilização. No desenvolvimento deste artigo recorremos ao estudo de Carvalhinhos e Antunes (2007), que trata dos fenômenos do signo toponímico, assim como utilizamos a colaboração da toponimista Dick (1990) sobre a opacidade e a fossilização ocorridas nos topônimos.
Gaps Between Users Expectations and their Perceptions on Service Quality of College Libraries of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, A Case Study
Authors: Ghaedi Rezvan , Valizadeh-Haghi Saeideh , Ahmadi Elaheh , Zeraatkar Zahra , Baghestani Ahmad Reza
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the service quality of medical college libraries of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from the users’ perspective based on the LibQUAL+ model. Furthermore, is to make a comparison between perceived quality in terms of users’ different education level. The data were collected from 119 questionnaires which were responded by 13 college libraries' clients by administering the LibQUAL+ questionnaire in a printed format. The findings revealed that college libraries have been failed in satisfying even the minimum expectations of their users as well as could not meet the customers’ desired expectations that make them fully satisfied with the service quality. This study also revealed a wide gap between users’ perceptions and expectations of service quality. The effect of services dimension is the most satisfying dimension. Furthermore, findings showed that the relationship between education level and satisfying with the service quality is statistically significant (P<0.001). It is necessary for the university managers to pay more attention to the quality of library services equally in all the colleges included. This will lead to help libraries to meet the user’s expectations of service quality in all colleges which will lead to academic improvements.
Indonesian Millennial Awareness to Privacy and Personal Data Protection on the Internet
Authors: Noor Muhammad Usman
Published: April 2020

The internet is the daily consumption of millennials. The internet in addition to having extensive benefits in a variety of ways, howevera violation of privacy and personal datacould haunt them. Various forms of violations of privacy and personal data can harm and endanger the internet users, so that sufficient awareness and understanding is needed to be able to minimise these risks. This study aims to describe the recognition and response of the Indonesian millennials to protect their personal data, including what personal data needs to be protected most, behaviour on the internet towards personal data, and respond to problems of personal data violations. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data collection method used is an online questionnaire that is distributed to millennial generations. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the millennial generation considers personal data that is closely related to family and their owns have to be protected. Millennials also show suspicious behaviour regarding their personal data on the internet and assume that all forms of violation of privacy and personal data are disturbing and offensive. This research is open to being developed further, among others by looking at and measuring the competence of millennials and what factors determine the success of protecting personal data on the internet.
Marital Adjustment and Interpersonal Needs of Married Individuals
Authors: Dixit Vidushi , Ramachandran K
Published: April 2020

The present study was conducted to explore the dyadic adjustment and interpersonal needs of married individuals. For this purpose the responses were obtained on Revised- Dyadic Adjustment Scale and Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior Scale by 351 married individuals who were selected using snowball sampling technique. The obtained responses were scored and analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis (hierarchical stepwise). The findings of the study were that situational factors like qualifications, number of children and structure of family had statistical significant effect on dyadic adjustment. For interpersonal needs along with all these factors number of dependent family members also had significant effect. Apart from situational factors, the results also indicate that there was significant negative relationship between interpersonal needs and dyadic adjustment of married individuals. Moreover, significant impact of interpersonal need on their dyadic adjustment was also found.
Microbiological Research and Applied Sciences in the North Eastern Region of India
Authors: Datta Sibnarayan , Chattopadhyay Pronobesh
Published: April 2020

The northeastern part of India (NE India) is an important biodiversity hotspots and is blessed with a huge diversity of flora and fauna along with other natural resources. Being quite distinct in natural features from rest of the country, NE India has its own unique challenges and opportunities. This part of India is geographically isolated from China by Eastern Himalayas, while tropical forests separate this region from Myanmar and Bangladesh. The armed forces deployed in the NE region have to operate in a wide variety of environments ranging from high altitudes, to tropical rain forests, which pose several operational challenges.
The effects of reciprocal teaching on reading comprehension, retention on learning and self-efficacy perception
Authors: Kula Sultan Selen , Budak Yusuf
Published: April 2020

This study was carried out to test the effects of reciprocal teaching on reading comprehension skills, learning retention and self-efficacy perception of reading comprehension. Research was conducted in 4th grade Turkish lessons of a primary school located in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey with experimental and control groups of 25 randomly assigned students. Experimental method was used in the research and findings were supported with qualitative data. Data were collected through the Reading Comprehension Skills Achievement Test, Self-efficacy Perception Scale for Reading Comprehension and Student Interview Form, each developed by the researchers. According to the findings of the research, there was a significant difference between students in the experimental group where the reciprocal teaching technique was implemented and students in the control group where the traditional teaching process was continued in terms of the achievement level and retention scores of the reading comprehension in favor of the experimental group. However, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of self-efficacy levels. The students in the experimental group expressed that they were pleased to have the opportunity to lead their friends, to have a say in guiding the lesson, this technique facilitated their understanding of the texts they read and it provided them with a group work environment.
Kajian Daya Dukung Jalan dan Prioritas Penanganannya di Perbatasan Kota Depok dengan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Nurmala Corry , Barus Baba , Mansyur Umar
Published: April 2020

Roads carrying capacity can be interpreted as a road capacity to support passing vehicles. This study was aimed to determine the priority of road handling at border of Depok City with South Jakarta by looking at the physical condition, road equipment and supporting facilities, costumer satisfaction and roads carrying capacity. Using descriptive analysis method for the physical conditions of roads and road equipment, CSI methods for the results of questionnaires and LoS for roads carrying capacity. The results showed that the road conditions in the category of moderate and lightly damaged conditions, conditions of road equipment and supporting facilities in South Jakarta were better than those on roads in Depok City and roads costumer satisfaction index in the category was less satisfied and quite satisfied. Roads carrying capacity at the border is in the fairly good to very bad category. The priority of road handling is determined, for roads at  Depok City are first priority for Margonda Road, second priority for Kukusan Raya Road and Tanah Baru Road and for roads at South Jakarta are first priority for Lenteng Agung Raya Road, second priority for Srengseng Sawah Road, third priority for Moh. Kahfi 1 Road and Moh. Kahfi 2 Road.Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Handling Priority, Road
Pengembangan Komoditas Unggulan Tanaman Pangan Propinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Resigia Elara , Syahrial Syahrial
Published: April 2020

The development of food crops commodities is one of the priorities of the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019 of the Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia in terms of guarantee of food availability. West Sumatra Province is one of the central areas of production of food crops commodities in Indonesia. The objectives of this research are 1) to analyze food crops of West Sumatera Province; 2) to analyze the availability and completeness of facilities for the development of superior commodities of food crops; and 3) to formulate the strategy of developing the superior commodities of food crops. The data used in this research covers the area of harvest, the number of production, and the number of facilities area by time series (2011-2015). Data analysis used in this research include LQ, scalogram and SWOT analysis. The results showed rice commodity as a pre-eminent commodity in West Sumatera Province. There are six areas of development of commodities seeded rice that is in the hierarchy I. SWOT matrix analysis results obtained some superior commodity development strategies include; SO strategy 1) Establish and enhance the role of partnership with all stakeholders (government, farmers, traders, and cooperatives); 2) the use of agricultural cropping technology; WO strategy; 1) Development of agricultural development infrastructure (irrigation channel, village axis road) and application of agricultural technology (cultivation); 2) Institutional strengthening of farming capital; strategy ST: 1) Leading commodity marketing policy / regulation by West Sumatera Provincial Government, 2) Gapoktan and Farmers Household (RTP) Empowerment 1); WT strategy: 1) Development and training of management and marketing of agricultural products by government 2) Optimalization of institutional function and capital of farming to support improvement of marketing quality of agricultural products