bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Twitteando la preparación de la pandemia: comunicación de crisis y riesgo de las autoridades chilenas
Authors: Peña y Lillo Macarena , Rosenberg Benadretti Andrés
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer cómo el Ministerio de Salud de Chile se comunicó con su audiencia en redes sociales durante las fases iniciales de la crisis de la COVID-19, en un contexto de inestabilidad nacional y una falta de confianza por parte de los ciudadanos en el gobierno debido a una crisis social previa. Metodología: Empleando la teoría situacional de comunicación de crisis (SCCT) y el modelo integrador de comunicación de riesgos y emergencias (CERC), llevamos a cabo un análisis de contenido de 3.306 Tweets publicados por el Ministerio de Salud y sus portavoces durante un período de 37 días entre febrero y marzo de 2020. Resultados: El análisis reveló una prevalencia de mensajes orientados al remitente por sobre publicaciones orientadas a la audiencia. La estrategia del reforzamiento surgió como la maniobra de comunicación de crisis más común en los mensajes, eclipsando las estrategias menos prevalentes de instrucción y ajuste. El análisis multivariado reveló que los mensajes de reforzamiento tenían más probabilidades de centrarse en el remitente, mientras que los mensajes instructivos tendían a ser apelaciones directas a la audiencia. Discusión: Los hallazgos indican que, en las primeras semanas de la pandemia, el Ministerio de Salud de Chile y sus figuras de autoridad optaron por una estrategia de protección de la reputación, especialmente evidente en Twitter. Este enfoque relegó la meta de proporcionar a los ciudadanos información esencial para protegerse de la emergencia de salud a una prioridad inferior. Este estudio es único al caracterizar la comunicación de un organismo gubernamental latinoamericano en redes sociales durante la crisis de la COVID-19 en el contexto más amplio de una significativa crisis social y política, utilizando un enfoque de comunicación de riesgos y crisis.
A CONDIÇÃO TRANSUMANA
Authors: C. Azambuja Celso
Published: March 2024

O artigo problematiza o transumanismo no debate contemporâneo, abrindo caminhos deinvestigação para compreender as complexas linhas da sabedoria transumanista. Busca umacompreensão da condição transumana e dos novos desafios éticos e políticos na era da evolução pordesign intencional. Debate as contradições e possibilidades admiráveis do aperfeiçoamento humano pormeio das sofisticadas técnicas contemporâneas de manipulação e criação de novas formas de vida,inclusive fisiológicas. Assim, pergunta: qual a relação da phronesis transumanista diante da phronesishumanista iluminista? Seria uma superação completa dos ideais humanistas tradicionais? Ou seria umanegação total desses ideais? A tese central é a de que a phronesis transumanista é uma evoluçãocrítica, não sem contradições, dos ideais propostos pelo humanismo renascentista e iluminista, não seconstituindo, portanto, nem como superação nem como oposição a estes ideais.
FROM SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT TO TRIPARTITE THEORY
Authors: Barbosa Evandro
Published: March 2024

: In today’s political philosophy framework, it is commonplace to associate Adam Smith with akind of theory that ignores human dispositions and considers only the self-interested perspective ofindividuals. Although this view has been widely supported in different fields – viz Philosophy andEconomy, we consider this a biased interpretation. Using the Cambridge School orientation, we explainthe importance of historical background in reading Smith’s work to argue that Smith’s writings should beinterpreted within the Scottish Enlightenment context. From this contextual approach, it is possible tosustain an integrated reading of Smith’s books The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS) and An Inquiryinto the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations (WN). This reading leads to a more faithfulinterpretation of Smith’s idea that the agent in society is morally engaged in socio-economic relations.Once this hypothesis is confirmed, we will defend a systematic analysis of Smith’s philosophy arguingthat Smith’s philosophy is a holistic system, in what we call a tripartite theory.
Structure–Function Interactions in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex Are Associated with Episodic Memory in Healthy Aging
Authors: Snytte Jamie , Setton Roni , Mwilambwe-Tshilobo Laetitia , Natasha Rajah M. , Sheldon Signy , Turner Gary R. , Spreng R. Nathan
Published: March 2024

Aging comes with declines in episodic memory. Memory decline is accompanied by structural and functional alterations within key brain regions, including the hippocampus and lateral prefrontal cortex, as well as their affiliated default and frontoparietal control networks. Most studies have examined how structural or functional differences relate to memory independently. Here we implemented a multimodal, multivariate approach to investigate how interactions between individual differences in structural integrity and functional connectivity relate to episodic memory performance in healthy aging. In a sample of younger (N = 111; mean age, 22.11 years) and older (N = 78; mean age, 67.29 years) adults, we analyzed structural MRI and multiecho resting-state fMRI data. Participants completed measures of list recall (free recall of words from a list), associative memory (cued recall of paired words), and source memory (cued recall of the trial type, or the sensory modality in which a word was presented). The findings revealed that greater structural integrity of the posterior hippocampus and middle frontal gyrus were linked with a pattern of increased within-network connectivity, which together were related to better associative and source memory in older adulthood. Critically, older adults displayed better memory performance in the context of decreased hippocampal volumes when structural differences were accompanied by functional reorganization. This functional reorganization was characterized by a pruning of connections between the hippocampus and the limbic and frontoparietal control networks. Our work provides insight into the neural mechanisms that underlie age-related compensation, revealing that the functional architecture associated with better memory performance in healthy aging is tied to the structural integrity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Characterization of composite bioplastic from Cassava starch with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani Province, 84000, Thailand, Werapun U. , Werapun W. ,   Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani Province, 84000, Thailand, Phatthiya A. ,   Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani Province, 84000, Thailand
Published: March 2024

This study focused on bioplastics and composite bioplastics with incorporated ZnO and TiO2. The ZnO gave a film more transparent than that made with TiO2. The effects of these additives on physical and mechanical properties, biodegradability, surface morphology, and thermal properties of the films were investigated. The functional groups O-H, C-H, C=O, and C-O in the bioplastic and the composites were confirmed by FT-IR. The addition of ZnO and TiO2 could increase thermal stability. The composites exhibited higher tensile strength than the control bioplastic film. The bioplastic film was 100% biodegradable compared to 14.71% and 14.59% for ZnO and TiO2 containing bioplastic films, respectively.
PENGEMBANGAN MOTIF BATIK KENDIL DENGAN SUMBER IDE TUMBUHAN PAKU TANDUK RUSA (PLATYCERIUM BIFURCATUM)
Authors: Rini Galuh Tiara , Wahyuningsih Sri Endah
Published: March 2024

Kendal merupakan salah satu daerah di Jawa Tengan yang memiliki suatu karya batik khas tersendiri, salah satu motifnya berupa kendil yang menjadi ikon dari kota Kendal sendiri.  Pengembangan motif batik Kendal yang terinspirasi dari batik motif kendil dan tumbuhan paku tanduk rusa sebagai motif baru guna memperbarui atau mengembangkan motif yang telah ada dan berkembang di Kendal sebelumnya.  Penelitian ini bertjuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan ptngrmbangan motif batik kendil dengan sumber ide tumbuhan paku tanduk rusa. Penelitian ini menggunkan jenis penelitian reserch and development (R&D) model ADDIE dengan Teknik pengumpulan data observasi tersusun menggunakan lembar pengamatan instrument yang di analisis validitas dan reliabilitasnya. subjek validitas dari penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 ahli instrumen. Validitas dari ahli instrumen mendapat data sebesar 87,5% dengan katagori layak untuk digunakan. Validasi produk menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif presentase dengan dinilaikan kepada 6 panelis ahli produk dan 15 panelis terlatih produk. Produk desain satu mendapatkan presentase rata rata sebesar 81,6 % dari penilian panelis ahli dan mendapatkan rata-rata presentase sebesar 90,8% dari penilaian panelis terlatih. Untuk produk desain dua mendapatkan rata-rata presentase sebesar 86,6% dari panelis ahli, dan rata-rata presentase sebesar 89,8% dari panelis terlatih. Produk mendapat rata-rata presentase vliditas dengan katagori “Sangat Layak”
The Challenging Role of Informal Carers Within the Long-Term Care System in Japan: Focusing on Issues of Japanese Working Carers
Authors: Yamaguchi Mai
Published: March 2024

Despite the increasing demand for long-term care (LTC) caused by demographic changes and several long-term care insurance (LTCI) program reforms, formal care in Japan is shrinking because of public financial constraints, leading to many problems for informal carers. Because more than half of the informal carers are employed in paying jobs, balancing working and caregiving roles is an important issue in the political agenda. Based on an online survey data of working carers of care recipients eligible for the LTCI program (N=600), this study aims to examine informal carers’ challenging role within the Japanese LTC system, and analyze the work-life balance issues of working carers. The results reveal that most of the respondents are their parents’ carers and more than half co-reside with the care-recipients. With the community promoting comprehensive care, many frail older adults now use a combination of formal and informal care services. Additionally, over three hours of informal caregiving per day, age, marital status, co-residence with the care recipient, self-rated health, and insufficient understanding of the caregiving role in the workplace are significantly related to the psychological well-being of informal carers. Furthermore, most of the aforementioned factors are also associated with turnover intention due to caregiving responsibilities. Informal care is a crucial component of the Japanese LTC system and to alleviate informal working carers’ struggles and decrease unwanted turnover, it is necessary to consider the link between formal and informal care, together with support programs for informal carers.
Intrathecal pethidine as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgery: a case report
Authors: MD, PHD Masoud Tarbiat , MD, PHD Sayed Ahmad Reza Salimbahrami , Amjad MD, PHD Gholamreza Ghorbani , Rezaei MD, PHD Mahmoud
Published: March 2024

Spinal anesthesia is the most preferred method for lower extremity surgery owing to rapid onset, predictable and reliable block, and excellent postoperative analgesia. Pethidine is the only opioid that can be used as a sole anesthetic agent in spinal anesthesia, because of its local anesthetic activity which is unique. As there are scant articles about pethidine as a sole anesthetic agent in spinal anesthesia, this encouraged us to report intrathecal pethidine used for two old patents for their femoral fractures repair. Spinal anesthesia was carried out using 1.6 mL pethidine (50 mg/mL) in the sitting position in the midline approach by a 24-gauge, Quincke point needle. The patients were successfully managed with this method. This report emphasizes that in some situations, intrathecal pethidine technique is a safe, and good alternative inexpensive technique over spinal anesthesia with local anesthetics.
Evaluation of the use of micro needling associated with the drug delivery system for the treatment of Melasma
Authors: AC Aguilar , MEC Silva , RO Rodrigues , AC Destefani
Published: March 2024

Melasma is a chronic and unsightly dermal pathology responsible for a high demand for aesthetic treatments. It can be caused by excess melanin in the epidermis, commonly exhibiting symmetrically distributed brown or gray macules, with a predilection for the face. It is more common in women than men, usually begins between the ages of 20 and 40, and can lead to considerable embarrassment and distress. The present work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of microneedling associated with drug delivery in the treatment of this dysfunction. This is a narrative bibliographical review whose research was carried out from the descriptors “Melasma”, “microneedling”, “drug delivery system” and “treatment”. The Boolean operator "AND" was used in the PubMed and Scielo databases; including works in Portuguese and English published in the last 10 years, excluding bibliographic reviews. Isolated microneedling can lighten skin spots in patients with recalcitrant melasma. The trauma caused by the procedure should be modest and the use of whitening actives and sunscreen after the procedure becomes mandatory. Despite some proposed theories, the exact mechanism of skin lightening is still not well established. The effect of the technique drug delivery system tends to flexible results. The findings of this review confirm positive results, especially when associated with whitening actives, which considerably increase skin rejuvenation, the treatment of scars and hyperchromia (melasma). New controlled studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of action of microneedling in melasma.
FRACTAL RADIOPHYSICS. PART 3. FRACTIONAL CALCULUS IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
Authors:   V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, Lazorenko O. , Chernogor L. ,   V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv
Published: March 2024

Subject and Purpose. At the beginning of the 21st century, a fundamentally new scientific direction was formed, currently known as fractal radiophysics. The present work is an overview of the principal theoretical and practical ideas concerning "fractalization" in radio physics. The purpose is a systematic presentation of the main practical results suitable for application of the fractional calculus in modern theoretical radiophysics. Methods and Methodology. The basic theoretical principles of fractional calculus are outlined in a structured form. Results of applying fractional calculus methods in electrodynamics are systematized. Essential features, advantages and disadvantages of the technique are demonstrated and the problems still remaining discussed. Results. The basics of fractional (or fractal) calculus have been considered with emphasis on practical application to problems of radiophysics. A variety of approaches to constructing fractional integrals and Riemann–Liouville, etc. fractional derivatives have been presented. Using the Newton-Leibnitz formula and fundamental theorems of fractional calculus, principles of generalization of the classic vector calculus to fractal problems have been discussed, suggesting the examples of fractional vector-differential and vector-integral operators, Green’s and Stokes’ fractional formulas, etc. With the use of Gauss’s fractional formula the basics of fractal electrodynamics are expounded. Some different types of fractal Maxwellian equations has been induced and analyzed. Also, the main approaches to solving radio wave propagation problems in fractal media are discussed. Conclusions. As a practical example of applying fractals in modern theoretical radiophysics, results have been presented of the use of fractional calculus in electrodynamics. These results signify appearance of a fundamentally new direction in radiophysics, namely fractal electrodynamics.
Parent Perspectives on Documentation and Sharing of Health-Related Social Needs Data
Authors: Bouchelle Zoe , G. Menko Stephanie , Yazdani Mishaal , Vasan Aditi , Scribano Philip , Shea Judy A. , Kenyon Chén C.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Parents of pediatric patients are key stakeholders in the design and implementation of health-related social needs (HRSN) screening programs. Yet, there is little research exploring their perspectives on the documentation and sharing of HRSN data. We aimed to examine parents’ preferences regarding how HRSN data are documented and shared.

METHODS

We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents of hospitalized children participating in an HRSN screening program at a quaternary care children’s hospital. Interviews were coded using an inductive and deductive approach to identify emergent themes.

RESULTS

The 20 interviewed parents were uniformly female with 55% identifying as Black or African American and 20% identifying as Hispanic or Latino. Parents expressed comfort with electronic health record documentation of HRSN data and the use of International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision Z codes as long as this information was used to provide families with meaningful support. Most parents viewed social workers and medical teams as the most appropriate recipients of HRSN data. Few parents felt comfortable with HRSN data being shared with payors. Parents desired transparency around HRSN data sharing. Many expressed concerns that documentation and sharing of HRSN data could lead to unwanted or unsafe disclosures or result in child welfare referrals.

CONCLUSIONS

Parents expressed comfort with HRSN documentation and sharing with health care providers, but requested that providers be transparent and respect parental preferences regarding data sharing to mitigate potential harms. When implementing HRSN support programs, health systems and payors should prioritize transparency around documentation and data sharing with families.
Cyanobacteria for Cardiomyocyte Protection against miocardial ischemia injury
Authors: Scotta Hentschke Guilherme
Published: March 2024

Objective: To perform a systematic review on using Cyanobacteria for protecting the cardiac tissue against damage caused by ischemia.Methods: this review encompasses in vitro and controlled animal experimental studies.Results: the results show that in general there are two types of interventions for treatment of ischemia and Ischemia/Reperfusion (IR) in cardiac tissue: (1) extracts treatments and (2) injection of Cyanobacteria in the damaged tissues. Extract treatments are based on the antioxidant potential of Cyanobacteria, and the studies focus mainly on Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). The direct injection methods are based on the high capacity of these organisms to release oxygen during photosynthesis. Synechococcus elongatus is the Cyanobacteria species most commonly utilized in injections, either delivered independently or carried by hydrogels or nanoparticles. The direct Cyanobacteria injections are innovative techniques which can promote protection against apoptosis and have shown promising results, however, further research is necessary to refine the techniques and improve overall efficacy.Conclusion: the effects of these treatments were beneficial considering that the antioxidant effects of Cyanobacteria ameliorate blood biochemical markers and reduce damaged cardiac areas. The oxygen releasing of Cyanobacteria in the cardiac tissue also promoted recovery of cardiac tissue after ischemia or IR.
Efeitos de um programa de reabilitação sobre capacidade física de pacientes pós-infecção por SARS-CoV-2:
Authors: Bagatini Maria Amélia , Sbruzzi Mariana , Engemann Baladão Maurício , Melo de Almeida Medeiros Jéssica , Deon Pedro Henrique , Vendrusculo Fernanda Maria , Fagundes Donadio Márcio Vinícius
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de um programa de reabilitação sobre a capacidade física de pacientes integrantes de um programa de reabilitação pós-infecção por SARS-CoV-2.
Métodos: estudo observacional de incidência retrospectiva, com amostra de prontuários de pacientes >18 anos, participantes do programa de reabilitação pós-COVID-19 no Centro de Reabilitação da PUCRS. Foram extraídos dados demográficos, antropométricos e de testes funcionais, incluindo o teste da caminhada dos seis minutos (TC6) e o teste de sentar e levantar (TSL), antes e depois do programa. O programa foi composto por treinamento aeróbico e resistido, duas vezes por semana, totalizando 16 sessões. O treinamento aeróbico foi conduzido na esteira com duração de 30 minutos, sendo avaliada frequência cardíaca, saturação, pressão arterial e escala de Borg (dispneia e cansaço em membros inferiores). O treino resistido foi realizado após o teste de repetição máxima (1RM) com a carga variando entre 50-80% de 1RM, durante 30 minutos.
Resultados: foram incluídos 13 pacientes, com média de idade de 51,0±16,4 anos. Ao comparar os resultados pré e pós-reabilitação, encontramos diferenças significativas na distância percorrida no TC6, sendo de 480,5±91,3 metros pré e 722,1±235,9 metros após a intervenção (p<0,001), bem como no percentual do previsto, sendo 87,5±18,8 pré e 130,7±43,5 após (p=0,001). Além disso, ao analisar o TSL, verificou-se uma redução significativa no tempo, de 12,3±4,7 segundos pré-programa para 8,8±2,2 após (p=0,005).
Conclusão: o programa de reabilitação apresentou impacto positivo na capacidade física de pacientes que integraram o programa de reabilitação pós-infecção por SARS-CoV-2.
First record of the alien gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Duméril & Bibron, 1836) (Gekkonidae) in the Cabo Blanco Absolute Natural Reserve, Costa Rica
Authors: Dal Zotto Matteo , Romeo Giuseppe , Saponi Francesco , Toldo Tommaso , Vaccari Andrea
Published: March 2024

Lepidodactylus lugubris (Duméril & Bibron, 1836) is a parthenogenetic gekkonid originally distributed in southeast Asia but introduced to numerous countries worldwide. Its geographic range is expanding in several tropical regions due to anthropogenic activities. Here we report the first presence data for this species from the Reserva Natural Absoluta Cabo Blanco in northwestern Costa Rica. Our in‑situ observation provides evidence that the geographic range of L. lugubris is expanding northwards along the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and, more generally, of Central America.
KADAR ALGINAT DAN PROKSIMAT RUMPUT LAUT Sargassum polycystum PADA LEVEL KEDALAMAN DI PERAIRAN TABULO SELATAN, KABUPATEN BOALEMO, GORONTALO
Authors: Perdana Sari Wiwin Kusuma , Muslimin Muslimin , Wulandari Putri
Published: March 2024

Pemanfaatan alginofit dari perairan tropis, termasuk Indonesia masih sangat terbatas meskipun kelimpahannya tinggi. Salah satu jenis dari marga Sargassum yang paling banyak ditemukan di perairan tropis adalah Sargassum polycystum. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar alginat dan proksimat S. polycystum yang diambil dari habitat alaminya pada beberapa level kedalaman perairan, yaitu 0, 50, 100, dan 150 cm.. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kadar alginat dan proksimat S. polycystum bervariasi berdasarkan level kedalaman perairan. Kandungan alginat S. polycystum di perairan Tabulo Selatan Gorontalo antara 9,61±0,10%  hingga 11,98±0,19%, kandungan protein antara 3,83±0,54 hingga 5,82±0,28%, lemak antara 0,30±0,05% hingga 0,37±0,01%, abu antara 40,08±2,83% hingga 45,23±2,0%, dan serat kasar antara 9,87±0,71% hingga 16,25±0,04%.  Rumput laut S. polycystum dengan kandungan tertinggi alginat berasal dari kedalaman 100 cm,  protein dan lemak tertinggi dari permukaan perairan, sedangkan abu dan serat tertinggi masing-masing dari kedalaman 50 dan 150 cm.
PERBEDAAN DOSIS PROBIOTIK Bacillus cereus DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIMATIS JUVENIL IKAN KERAPU SUNU (Plectropomus leopardus)
Authors: Marzuqi Muhammad , Astuti Ni Wayan Widya , Muzaki Ahmad , Giri Nyoman Adiasmara
Published: March 2024

Kerapu sunu (Plectropomus leopardus) merupakan ikan laut ekonomis penting dan mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk budidaya. Sistem pencernaan ikan ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemanfaatan nutrien pakan yang digunakan. Pemanfaatan probiotik dapat mengaktifkan aktivitas enzim dalam pencernaan ikan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan dosis probiotik Bacillus cereus yang tepat dalam pakan terhadap pertumbuhan dan aktivitas enzimatis juvenil ikan kerapu sunu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 4 perlakuan dosis probiotik  dalam pakan, yaitu 0%, 0,5%, 1,0% dan 1,5%  dengan 4 kali ulangan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Pakan uji diformulasikan dengan kandungan protein 48,32-49,25% dan kandungan lemak 11,97-12,98%. Juvenil ikan kerapu sunu memiliki berat rata rata 5,7±0,3 g dan panjang awal rata-rata 7,3±0,3 cm, juvenil dipelihara dalam 16 bak polikarbonat bervolume 30 L dengan sistem air mengalir dan kepadatan 12 ekor/bak. Lama pemeliharaan selama 8 minggu. Ikan diberi pakan percobaan dengan frekuensi 2 kali sehari. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kelangsungan hidup, efisiensi pakan, viabilitas bakteri dalam pakan dan aktivitas enzimatis pada saluran pencernaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik dalam pakan ikan kerapu sunu mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan, efisiensi pakan, viabilitas bakteri probiotik, aktivitas enzim protease dan aktivitas enzim lipase pada usus.  Dosis pemberian probiotik 1,5% dalam pakan menunjukkan hasil lebih baik dibanding pakan lainnya (P<0,05).
POLA PERTUMBUHAN DAN KUALITAS KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii HASIL BUDIDAYA DI PERAIRAN MAMUJU, SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Perdana Sari Wiwin Kusuma , Muslimin Muslimin
Published: March 2024

Rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii merupakan komoditas utama dari budidaya rumput laut yang menjadi pemasok utama kebutuhan karaginan kappa untuk berbagai bidang industri. Budidaya K. alvarezii masih menjadi sumber pendapatan yang diandalkan masyarakat pesisir Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola pertumbuhan dan kualitas karaginan rumput laut K. alvarezii yang dibudidayakan di Perairan Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian dilakukan di Perairan Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat pada Januari hingga Agustus 2021. Rumput laut K. alvarezii dipelihara dengan menggunakan metode tali panjang (longline ) selama lima periode tanam (45 hari/periode). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan kualitas karaginan K. alvarezii adalah berfluktuasi. Laju pertumbuhan terbaik pada periode tanam pertama antara Januari dan Februari dengan nilai 2,73±0,05%/hari. Serangan epifit Neosiphonia apiculata pada periode kedua dan serangan hama penyu pada akhir periode tanam ke-empat dan ke-lima berakibat fatal terhadap budidaya K. alvarezii. Rendemen karaginan K. alvarezii tergolong tinggi dengan kadar tertinggi mencapai 48,22±0,87%, Kadar viskositas berkisar 3,58±0,51 cP - 10,44±0,57 cP. Secara kuantitas rendemen yang dihasilkan tinggi tetapi kualitasnya kurang baik.Kappaphycus alvarezii is the main commodity in seaweed cultivation and serves as a major supplier for kappa carrageenan needs in various industrial sectors. The cultivation of K. alvarezii remains a reliable source of income for coastal communities in West Sulawesi. This research aimed to analyse the growth patterns and carrageenan quality of K. alvarezii cultivated in the waters of Mamuju, West Sulawesi. The study was carried out in the Mamuju waters from January to August 2021. K. alvarezii was cultivated using the long line method for five planting periods (45 days per period). The research results indicated that the growth and carrageenan quality of K. alvarezii fluctuate. The highest growth rate occurred in the first planting period between January and February, with value of 2.73 ± 0.05%/day. Epiphyte attack by Neosiphonia apiculata during the second period and turtles attack at the end of the fourth and fifth planting periods had fatal consequences for K. alvarezii cultivation. The carrageenan yield of K. alvarezii is relatively high, with the highest content reaching 48.22 ± 0.87%. Viscocity levels ranged from 3.58 ± 0.51 cP to 10.44 ± 0.57 cP. While the quatity of the carrageenan yield was high, the quality was somewhat lacking.
Karakteristik unit Penangkapan Gurita (Octopus sp.) di Perairan Teluk Bone
Authors: Rahmatang Rahmatang , Asia Asia , Rumpa Arham , Tandipuang Paduartama , Ohorella Rafi
Published: March 2024

Efektifitas alat tangkap gurita, khususnya menggunakan pancing tidak terlepas dari pemahaman terkait karakteristik unit penangkapan, daerah dan musim penangkapan. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mendeskripsikan karakteristik pancing gurita (Octopus sp.) yang meliputi spesifikasi kapal, spesifikasi alat tangkap yang digunakan, teknik pengoperasian, musim penangkapan  dan spesies dominan gurita yang tertangkap. Jenis penelitian berupa observasi dan wawancara langsung serta experimental fishing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik kapal gurita secara dimensional memiliki ukuran berkisar 5 s/d 7 GT, komponen utama dari konstruksi pancing adalah tali dan mata pancing, hasil tangkapan dominan gurita digolongkan sebagai spesies Octopus cyanea yang mana fishing ground penangkapan gurita berada  di wilayah pesisir pantai pada jarak ± 1,5 mill, dimana suhu rata-rata 28 °C dan salinitas 34 ‰.  Sedangkan musim penangkapan  gurita terbaik, yaitu dimulai pada bulan Februari–Mei, dan puncak produksi hasil tangkapan yang optimal terjadi pada Bulai Maret, musim sedang pada bulan November-Januari dan pada Bulan  Juni–Oktober merupakan kondisi musim paceklik. Dengan diketahuinya karakteristik unit penangkapan dan musim penangkapan gurita, dapat meningkatkan efektifitas penangkapan gurita.
What is Mother Earth?
Authors: Gill Sam
Published: March 2024

A rich appreciation of Mother Earth—in the entwined contexts of Native American, Australian Aboriginal, Western intellectual, and contemporary ecological movements—is accomplished in this paper using new perspectives and strategies: Mother Earth as name, meme, and conspiracy. This approach is developed and illustrated to offer insight into the dynamics of identity formation of individual cultures, amalgams of cultures, academic approaches, and ecological movements that span the globe, always occurring in the context of threatening, yet creative, encounters. Projecting beyond the Mother Earth example, the paper proposes a vision of the academic study of cultures and religions that focuses on gesture and repetition demonstrating that conditions of coherence, in the presence of the constant threat of incoherence, may be more valuable than discerning meaning.
Comments on Responses to ‘What is Mother Earth?’
Authors: Gill Sam
Published: March 2024

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INFLUENCE OF FILLERS ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POLYMER MATRIX
Authors: Pidkovynska U. , Savchenko V.
Published: March 2024

Purpose. Enhancement of the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix through the incorporation of finely dispersed fillers, namely aluminum oxide and talc, as potential modifiers.

Research methods. Research was conducted on polymer specimens subjected to tensile testing according to DSTU EN ISO 527-5:2018. The tests were performed using a URM-5 tensile testing machine with a maximum force of 50 kN. Metallographic analysis was carried out using a KEYENCE VHX microscope at magnifications of 50 and 500. The microstructure of the polymer matrix was assessed through etching-free procedures.

Results. The study demonstrates that the incorporation of finely dispersed aluminum oxide particles increased the strength parameter from 4.69 MPa to 13.07 MPa, as compared to the unfilled sample. Additionally, it was observed that the introduction of finely dispersed talc particles at a concentration of 0.75 % by mass led to an enhancement in strength values from 4.69 MPa to 12.74 MPa, in comparison to the unfilled sample.

Scientific novelty. A polymer matrix with enhanced mechanical properties was achieved through the addition of fillers acting as modifiers. The optimal concentration of aluminum oxide and talc additives was determined. By comparing the results with previous studies involving aluminum oxide and talc at various concentrations in different types of polymer matrices, it can be concluded that the investigated concentrations of modifiers with epoxy resin ED-20 led to the production of a polymer composite with superior mechanical characteristics. The obtained results underscore the significant potential of aluminum oxide and talc as effective modifiers for improving the strength and other crucial properties of composite materials.

Practical value. The obtained results highlight the significant potential of utilizing aluminum oxide and talc as modifiers for polymer matrices to enhance their mechanical characteristics. From a practical standpoint, the use of these fillers can exert a substantial impact on the development of new composite materials with improved properties, finding application in composite reinforcement production. Considering the heightened strength and resilience of the resulting materials, these composites can be effectively employed to create lighter and stronger structures in construction and other industries. Additionally, their application may lead to reduced repair and maintenance costs due to increased durability and resistance to mechanical loads. Thus, the implementation of the obtained results could have a substantial influence on the practice of composite material manufacturing, ensuring the creation of products with enhanced characteristics for various applications.
Measurement of implant insertion torque in intentionally undersized osteotomy site preparation in the posterior maxilla, a prospective clinical study.
Authors: Elian Samy , Abdelaal Akram
Published: March 2024

Background

Achieving adequate primary stability for dental implants in the posterior maxilla is challenging due to the low bone density and the presence of fine trabecular bone in the area. Low primary implant stability can compromise the long-term success of the implant.

Purpose

the study aims to evaluate the effect of intentionally undersized osteotomy sites on the insertion torque of implants placed in type 4 bone density in the posterior maxilla, regardless of the surgeon's tactile sense of the bone density.

Materials and methods

Conventional implant placement technique was performed in the posterior maxilla by intentionally omitting the last drill of the recommended drilling sequence protocol. The insertion torque was measured using an integrated surgical motor software.

Results

The study included 72 implants in both genders and different age groups. The retrieved samples were divided into four groups with insertion torque ranging from 11 Ncm to 48 Ncm. The mean insertion torque was 26.51±0.18 Ncm for all cases (P=0.001). No significant difference was found in the mean insertion torque between different age groups (26.51±2.845, P=0.84). However, a significant difference was observed between male and female cases (P=0.84).

Conclusions

Most implant insertion torque measurements vary significantly between cases in the intentionally under-prepared posterior maxillary osteotomy site. Omitting the last drill should be applied for all the preparations of the posterior maxillary implant sites. Minimizing the osteotomy site intentionally is recommended for all posterior maxillary implant cases.
Antonino Vidal Ortega y Raúl Román Romero (coords). Los vientos del liberalismo en el Caribe Efectos, transformaciones e intercambios en la transición del siglo XVIII al XIX. Santa Marta: Editorial Universidad del Magdalena, 2022
Authors: Mendoza Manotas María Angélica Del Mar
Published: March 2024

Los vientos del liberalismo en el Caribe. Efectos, transformaciones e intercambios en la transición del siglo XVIII al XIX, es el resultado de una variada compilación de historiadoras e historiadores que, a lo largo de sus trayectorias, han aportado a los estudios críticos sobre el Gran Caribe teniendo en cuenta dinámicas, efectos y retos dentro de la disciplina. En esta oportunidad, el componente que integra los trabajos expuestos en este libro son las conexiones alrededor de las poblaciones, tensiones que guardan los escenarios del mar, las relaciones socio económicas, la libertad y el alcance gestado en las acciones y los cambios que se pronunciaron ante el reformismo durante el siglo XVIII.
Carlos Alberto Murgueitio Manrique, La Revolución Francesa en La Española: Saint Domingue–Santo Domingo (1789-1795). Santo Domingo: Archivo General de la Nación, 2020.
Authors: Cuevas Arenas Héctor
Published: March 2024

Afirmar que “la historia generalmente ha sido descrita por los ganadores” es una realidad que ha generado numerosas narrativas nacionalistas y reinvindicativas, especialmente cuando se trata de hechos que desembocaron en procesos de independencias y revoluciones políticas. Afortunadamente, en aras de una mayor comprensión de los eventos y actores involucrados, ha surgido una historiografía que estudia (o al menos incluye) la perspectiva de los vencidos: textos como los de Brian Hamnett, Marcela Echeverri, Alexandra Sevilla y otros, dan cuenta de ello, al ofrecer unos análisis más holísticos que los tradicionales[1]. El texto de Carlos Murgueitio se ubica en dicha línea, al reconstruir las motivaciones, los intereses, las ideologías y las dinámicas de las alianzas y lealtades que se expresaron en La Española durante la primera fase de la Revolución Francesa y la Guerra de la Convención, es decir, entre 1789 y 1795.
“It was a work of art, and it was just real life”: Watching The Rehearsal
Authors: Mittell Jason
Published: March 2024

Few television programs both meditate on and rupture the concepts of reality and representation as much as The Rehearsal, Nathan Fielder’s genre-bending docu-comedy that aired on HBO in the summer of 2022. On the surface, the series purports to offer an odd variant of self-help reality TV: Nathan finds people looking to tackle challenging experiences, and stages a “rehearsal” for them to work through the situation in a low-stakes simulation before tackling it in real life. But as it plays out, the series is a deeply troubling work of media, dramatizing its own ethical failings in a way that invites us to experience both admiration and outrage at its manipulations. This video rehearses these ideas through an experimental format.
Stop lenition in Canary Islands Spanish – a motion capture study
Authors: Broś Karolina , Krause Peter A.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we investigate the phonological and prosodic effects of lenition in Canary Islands Spanish using new methodology. In the course of a motion capture study conducted in the field using an internet camera, we show that lip tracking can help disentangle several problems related to the contexts of stop lenition. First, we show that there is no post-consonantal lenition of stops in the studied variety of Spanish. We also show that the same kind of lenition blocking occurs after a preceding consonant is deleted, which supports containment-based approaches to phonological analysis as well as gestural masking effects. Furthermore, we show that lip aperture, as opposed to acoustic measurements, points to differences between stops produced in focus and non-focus positions, which constitutes an added value in studying lenition. All in all, we show that capturing lip movements is a viable method in investigating consonantal constriction and that studies on the subject would benefit from combining easy-to-use articulation tracking with acoustic analysis.
On the Conceptualization of the Theoretical and Organizational and Legal Foundations of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation
Authors: Revutskaya Veronika
Published: March 2024

The article explores the evolution of the legislative definition of “local self-government”. It is stated that the meaning of this concept has changed from 1995 to the present. The regulatory and legal establishment of certain issues of organizing the activities of local self-government bodies in the current legislation and the bill developed in pursuance of the constitutional amendments of 2020 are critically comprehended. The bill regulates the general principles of organizing the activities of local self-government in a single system of public power in the Russian Federation. The author explores the issue of distinguishing the concepts of “local self-government” and “local government” based on the emerging trend of integrating the regional level of power into the organization of the activities of local self-government bodies. A new classification of local self-government bodies is proposed on the basis of doctrinal principles developed by pre-revolutionary researchers of local self-government. Some features of the legal status of local self-government officials, forms of interaction between the local level of government and representatives of regional authorities, primarily with the highest official of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation under the new legislation on local self-government, are considered. Special attention is paid to the legal status of the deputy of the representative body of the municipality, the head of the municipality and the head of the local administration of the municipality. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to change the paradigm in relation to the conceptual apparatus in the local self-government system in the context of existing federal relations and legislative novels. Proposals of an organizational and legal nature are made aimed at the functioning of the local self-government system in accordance with the established constitutional postulates and the purpose of a unified system of public power in the Russian Federation.
Budget Expenditures for Social Security: The Concept in Financial Law
Authors: Khaitov Grigoriy
Published: March 2024

The article considers budget expenditures for social security as a category of financial law. It has been established that in the current Russian legislation there is no definition of the concept of “social security”. The implementation of the constitutional provisions of the social state uses various concepts in the legislation, for example, “social protection”, “social support”, “social assistance” etc. In the budgetary and legal context, it is proposed to use the term “social security”, which can be defined as a system of social relations arising in connection with the provision to citizens of measures provided for by legislation, implemented by means of monetary payments, providing citizens with natural types of maintenance and social services (measures of social protection, social assistance, social support, social guarantees, pension provision, benefits, etc.). It was revealed that in the budget legislation there are also no unified approaches to the classification of budget expenditures for social security. The article indicates some internal contradictions in the budget classification of the Russian Federation. The author notes that “budget allocations for social security of the population” cannot be identified as budget expenditures for social security. It is concluded that budget expenditures for social security differ from other budget expenditures by their aim – the public need that can be determines as “creating conditions for decent life and free development of a person through the implementation of various social security measures”. Budget expenditures for social security can be considered as a type of budget expenditures differed according to their functional purpose. Budget expenditures for social security can be carried out in various forms. The final recipients of funds from the budget are not always the recipients of social security, but also other entities that provide social security through cash payments, natural types of maintenance and social services for citizens.
Interpreting the Right to Work and its Application in the South African Legal Framework
Authors: Loedolf Kim-Leigh
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the right to work within the context of South Africa. South African law, at present, does not provide for a right to work as provided for by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Implementing the right to work might address the high unemployment rate in South Africa and it is concerning that the right to work has not yet been considered as potential solution. The aim of the article is to interpret the right to work through the interpretive lens of the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The article discusses the obligations created by the ICESCR and the progress the government of South Africa has made to meet the state obligations relating to the right to work as provided by the ICESCR. The article concludes with a comprehensive definition of the right to work and suggests that the government of South Africa, adopt the right to work immediately as a means to avoid further hardship partially caused by the lack of a rights framework guaranteeing the right to work in South Africa.
PENERAPAN METODE DRILL PADA KEYBOARD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN IRINGAN DALAM KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SDN 1 CITALANG PURWAKARTA
Authors: Astuti Haneu Fuzi , Harto Tono Rachmad Pudjo
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul “Penerapan Metode Drill pada Keyboard untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Iringan dalam Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler di SDN 1 Citalang Purwakarta”, didasari karena di sekolah tersebut tidak ada guru yang bisa melatih siswa-siswinya dalam memainkan alat musik keyboard. Oleh karena itu peneliti mempunyai keinginan agar ada siswa dan siswi dari SDN 1 Citalang yang bisa mengiringi keyboard untuk berbagai kebutuhan seperti untuk kegiatan upacara bendera, pelombaan musik dan sebagainya. Hal ini juga didasari oleh kebijakan dari sekolah tersebut bahwa perlu dibuka kegiatan ekstrakurikuler keyboard untuk peningkatan pembelajaran dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, dengan harapan kelak dapat digunakan pula untuk kegiatan intrakurikuler maupun untuk mengikuti lomba-lomba musik di luar sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam mengiringi lagu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Partisipan yang menjadi subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas empat yang terdiri dari empat orang siswa pada siklus pertama dan dua orang siswa pada siklus kedua. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari proses pelatihan ekstrakurikuler keyboard ini yaitu kehadiran siswa, penguasaan materi dan perbandingan antara pre test dengan post test berdasarkan hasil pengamatan peneliti dengan observer.Kata Kunci:  metode drill, keyboard.