bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Essential Human Resource Metrics and Analytics for Sustainable Work Environments: Literature Mapping and Conceptual Synthesis
Authors: Kaaria Ann Gaceri
Published: June 2024

Human resource (HR) metrics and analytics play a critical part in creating sustainable work environments in today's fast-paced and cutthroat business environment. The present study aims to investigate the critical HR metrics and analytics required for establishing and preserving sustainable work environments in organizations through a thorough mapping of the literature and conceptual synthesis. In order to evaluate and improve sustainability factors including employee engagement, retention, productivity, well-being, diversity, equality, and inclusion (DEI), and environmental sustainability practices, a wide range of HR metrics and analytics are examined in this study. By means of a methodical examination of extant literature and academic sources, this study pinpoints crucial HR metrics and analytics frameworks that facilitate sustainable work practices. In order to clarify the interactions and connections between these HR analytics and indicators and their effects on sustainable work environments, the study also performs a conceptual synthesis. The study intended to provide insights into how organisations may use HR metrics and analytics to promote sustainability initiatives and develop positive work cultures by synthesising actual facts and theoretical frameworks. The findings from this research contribute to advancing the understanding of the strategic role of HR metrics and analytics in promoting sustainability within organizations. By adopting a data-driven approach and utilizing relevant metrics and analytics tools, HR professionals and organizational leaders can make informed decisions, implement targeted interventions, and cultivate work environments that foster employee well-being, organizational resilience, and long-term sustainability. This research offers valuable guidance for HR practitioners, researchers, and policymakers seeking to enhance sustainability practices in the workplace
Jeday Terapi - Cilt 1
Authors: Özen Yener
Published: June 2024

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Hepatotoxicity and Its Impact on Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Güzel Efraim , Baydar Toprak Oya , Aydin Kaniye
Published: June 2024

Objective: "COVID-19-related liver damage" can occur frequently in course of COVID-19 disease and cause significant problems. Our study aimed to investigate prevalence of liver damage due to COVID-19, its risk variables, and the effect of liver damage on course of COVID-19 and mortality.
Method: One hundred patients over eighteen years of age who were hospitalized between 01.08.2021-01.03.2022 and had positive RT-PCR tests were included in our study. Impaired liver function tests were identified as having alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels exceeding upper laboratory limits.
Results: The mean age of patients included in study was 57.9 ± 14.9 years, with 49% of them being male. In our study, we had an 8% death rate and 37% of patients had abnormal liver function tests. The presence of severe disease(p<0.001), anorexia symptoms(p=0.027), and abdominal pain(p=0.010) were significant for mortality. A prolonged hospital stay was significantly associated with death(p=0.029), with the mean length of hospital stay being 11.8 ± 4.6 days. Favipiravir use for longer than five days was associated with a substantial risk of liver damage(p=0.044) and mortality(p=0.020), while use of antibiotics in carbapenem group was associated with a significant risk of death(p=0.001). 
Conclusions: It is noteworthy that a considerable proportion of COVID-19 patients may exhibit increased liver tests, which could serve as a significant predictor and risk factor, particularly with regard to mortality. In order to properly monitor and manage COVID-19 patients, particularly those who are at risk, comprehensive measurements, including liver tests, should be carried out on a regular basis.
Transition-metal-catalyst-free electroreductive alkene hydroarylation with aryl halides under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Yamamoto Kosuke , Arita Kazuhisa , Kuriyama Masami , Onomura Osamu
Published: June 2024

The radical hydroarylation of alkenes is an efficient strategy for accessing linear alkylarenes with high regioselectivity. Herein, we report the electroreductive hydroarylation of electron-deficient alkenes and styrene derivatives using (hetero)aryl halides under mild reaction conditions. Notably, the present hydroarylation proceeded with high efficiency under transition-metal-catalyst-free conditions. The key to success is the use of 1,3-dicyanobenzene as a redox mediator and visible-light irradiation, which effectively suppresses the formation of simple reduction, i.e., hydrodehalogenation, products to afford the desired products in good to high yields. Mechanistic investigations proposed that a reductive radical-polar crossover pathway is likely to be involved in this transformation.
Presentist, trajectorial and heliocentric approaches to teaching the history of linguistics
Authors: Joseph John E.
Published: June 2024

This paper considers options for positioning the present in relation to the past in teaching the history of linguistics. It proposes three approaches as having been demonstrably practiced (presentist, trajectorial and heliocentric), plus a fourth (antiquarian) that is less likely to be publicized. They are exemplified and explored through a look at how the history of linguistics has been taught within the history of linguistics, in particular by William Dwight Whitney (a presentist), Ferdinand de Saussure (a trajectorialist) and Noam Chomsky (a heliocentrist). Key questions that arise include: What strategies and tactics can be inferred from their treatment of their predecessors? And to what extent can the teacher determine the course orientation, given that students, coming to it with their various backgrounds, experiences and expectations of the science, will receive it in different ways?
Note: A video of the session in which this was presented and the associated slide deck are available in the foreword to this issue.
Goals for teaching the history of linguistics
Authors: Rosenthall Sam
Published: June 2024

A history of linguistics course is as an opportunity to revisit some important linguistic concepts students have learned. Students are usually exposed to the larger goals of linguistic theory, but it is not the primary focus in syntax and phonology courses, for example. By examining the historical development of these concepts, e.g., phonemes, transformations, universal grammar, linguistic relativity etc., a history of linguistics course can be used to explore the nature of linguistics and the connections between linguistics and other disciplines.
Note: A video of the session in which this was presented and the associated slide deck are available in the foreword to this issue.
Goals in teaching the history of linguistics
Authors: Anderson Stephen R.
Published: June 2024

While once a required part of programs in Linguistics, courses in the history of the field have largely fallen into desuetude. When such courses are offered, they tend to attempt to cover thousands of years of history or a vast range of diverse related fields in a single term. There is perhaps a place for such courses, but I argue here that a rather more limited and focused offering has a particularly important role to play in the education of future linguistic theorists.
Note: A video of the session in which this was presented and the associated slide deck are available in the foreword to this issue.
Análisis Econométrico sobre la Demanda por Dinero en Paraguay
Authors: Stollmaier Huber Tania Giselle
Published: June 2024

El objetivo principal de la investigación es identificar los factores que inciden en la demanda de dinero de Paraguay y sus posibles implicaciones cuantitativas, a partir de un estudio longitudinal y correlacional, que ha encontrado las relaciones para la demanda de dinero (M1) y sus determinantes como la Tasa de interés, la Inflación y el Tipo de cambio E, mediante el desarrollo del modelo econométrico ARDL tomando como muestra la serie mensual desde enero del 2014 a octubre del 2023, para lo cual M1 se encuentra relacionado negativamente con todas las variables de estudio, mientras que el modelo ha logrado demostrar la existencia de relación de largo plazo entre las variables.
Propuesta de una plataforma utilizando las TIC´S como sistema de control de una Red Neuronal en Motores de Corriente Continúa
Authors: Dorantes Benavidez Humberto , Zarate Santiago Aldo Miguel , Martínez Cruz Miguel Ángel , Dorantes Benavidez Felipe de Jesús , Acosta Mendizábal Marco Antonio
Published: June 2024

Una problemática de índole mundial es la falta de desarrollo de software, en la actualidad una ventaja competitiva dentro de cualquier proceso de fabricación o servicio, hacen que el desarrollo sobre el control automático ha desempeñado una función vital en el avance de la ingeniería. SCRUM es una metodología de fácil manejo y una de las más utilizadas en todo el mundo con una gran aceptación dentro de la comunidad y el mercado. La presente investigación propone una plataforma utilizando las TIC´S como sistema de control de una Red Neuronal en Motores de Corriente Continúa, con el objetivo de predecir y controlar su funcionamiento en tiempo real confirmando que las redes neuronales (RNA) pueden ser usadas para controlar sistemas de control con un alto grado de amortiguamiento. Los datos que se obtendrán de los resultados de las múltiples simulaciones experimentales del sistema conformado por el motor y su control, utilizando una red blackpropagation para emular bloques de los sistemas de control estabilizando el sistema. De manera que la red pueda evolucionar en un sistema de autoaprendizaje ya que en la actualidad se han constituido como una herramienta tecnológica importante debido a su contribución en el desarrollo de problemas relacionados con los aprendizajes de control y automatización, sin embargo, el control automático ha desempeñado una función vital en el avance de la ingeniería y la ciencia, ya que los sistemas mecánicos o eléctricos mantienen su equilibrio. El control automático ha sido de gran importancia en la trasformación y evolución del ser humano debido a la constante necesidad de optimizar sus procesos o actividades con menor tiempo posible, de manera eficiente y segura. Además, el control automático se volvió parte importante e integral de los procesos modernos e industriales y de manufactura.
Bullying (Acoso Escolar): La cultura del agresor (Bully)
Authors: Embleton Sánchez Silvia Brenda
Published: June 2024

La investigación es tipo cualitativa, se emplea la técnica de la investigación documental en donde se analizaron diferentes bases de datos como Redalyc, Scielo, Google Académico, entre otras, se analizaron algunos repositorios de bibliotecas públicas (bibliotecas físicas y bibliotecas digitales) para la consulta de revistas, libros y páginas Web. El objetivo de la investigación es el análisis y reflexión sobre el bullying (Acoso escolar) desde la cultura del agresor (bully). Entre los resultados de la investigación es que existen distintas características que pueden llegar a presentar los agresores (bully), de acuerdo con diversos tratadistas como Esquivel, R. (2011), McManus Soto, R. (2011), Valenzuela-Aparicio et al. (2023), Giangiacomo, M. (2010), Anónimo (2010), Ibarra, P. (2014), Martínez López, A., et al. (2013), Opinión Pública et al. (2015), los agresores presentan una serie de características: los jóvenes necesitan sentir poder, llegan a ser agresivos, suelen mostrarse desafiantes, temperamento agresivo e impulsivo, pueden llegar a ser de estatura alta y fuertes (aunque estas características no siempre las presentan, ya que puede ser todo lo opuesto), falta de empatía hacia los otros.
Intervención Fisioterapéutica en el Área de Tocología sobre Lesiones Simples, Mixtas o Nulas en la Musculatura Perineal: Estudio Descriptivo
Authors: Tapia Maravilla Jesus Alan , González Escobedo Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2024

Introducción: En la actualidad no hay registros de la intervención del fisioterapeuta en el área de tocología. El objetivo del estudio es recalcar la importancia de un seguimiento fisioterapéutico en el pre parto, parto y postparto, para reducir lesiones simples, mixtas y nulas en la musculatura perineal. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo  y comparativo de 100 pacientes en labor de parto, atendidas en el Hospital General de Izúcar de Matamoros. Se recolectó datos de interés los cuales son la edad, gestas, semanas de gestación y tipo de lesión.  Resultados:  Se muestra una media de edad de 25 años de edad, una media de gestas de 2, una media de semanas de gestación de 39 donde predominó la lesión simple, siendo el desgarro con 28% de las pacientes. Conclusión: La investigación sobre las lesiones durante el labor de parto son significativas con el objetivo de prevenir, reducir y disminuir lesiones, mediante un tratamiento específico fisioterapéutico. Existe poca relevancia sobre la importancia de la fisioterapia en el área de tocología, fomentando la educación, concientización a las mujeres antes y después del embarazo.
A Review on Damon Self- Ligating Brackets
Authors: Kumar Shetty Sharath , K. M. Bopanna , Kumar Mahesh
Published: June 2024

Self-ligating bracket systems are accepted more by orthodontists nowadays. This is because of their superior quality, improved reliability and ease of use. However, it might also be related to claims of superior function made by the manufacturers of these appliances. In particular, the Damon appliance system claims to offer significant advantages to both orthodontist and patient over conventional-ligation and other forms of self-ligated appliances. We have reviewed present literature relating to use of the Damon appliance system. There is some evidence to suggest this appliance may lead to reductions in chairside time for the orthodontist, particularly those experienced with this system, in comparison to conventional-ligation. There is no high quality evidence that treatment with the Damon appliance takes place more quickly or gives a superior occlusal or aesthetic result. The best available evidence would suggest there is no difference in treatment outcome or time, at least in extraction cases. There is no evidence that treatment with the Damon appliance is more stable. Claims relating to improved clinical performance of the Damon appliance system are currently being made to orthodontists and patients that are not substantiated in the scientific literature.
Orthodontic Fixed Retention-Methods and Materials: A Questionnaire Study among Karnataka Practitioners
Authors: Kumar Shetty Sharath , K. M. Bopanna , Kumar Mahesh
Published: June 2024

"This study aimed to examine the retention protocols and materials for fixed retainers utilized by orthodontic clinicians in Karnataka state, India. The survey was conducted between January 2023 and April 2023, with a questionnaire designed using Google Forms. After validation, the questionnaire was distributed to a verified active orthodontists' group consisting of 161 members. Responses to individual questions were presented as percentages and tabulated. A chi-squared test of proportion was employed to compare the proportions of clinicians using retainers with different characteristics and indicating the superiority of specific clinical solutions. Braided round steel wire was identified as the most reliable, while fiber-reinforced composite was predominantly utilized in patients with periodontal issues. The methodology adopted by orthodontic practitioners in Karnataka state involved double long-term retentions with regular follow-ups. Most clinicians expressed confidence in maintaining treatment results, though they acknowledged the significance of patient cooperation."
The Impact of Termite Activity on the Availability of Soil Micronutrients in Tropical Regions
Authors: Ibrahim Abdulkadir Abubakar , Sani Sadiq , Umar Uba Sani , Prakash Gurjar Om
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to assess the impact of termite actions on the presence of micronutrients in tropical soil. A total of five combined soil samples were gathered from various termite mounds at a depth of 0-20 cm within the premises of Kano University of Science and Technology. The samples were examined for micronutrient levels using Microplasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES). The findings revealed that the pH of the mounds' soil varied from 6.63 to 8.51, averaging at 7.46, categorizing the soil as slightly acidic to moderately alkaline. The zinc levels ranged from 0.68 mg/kg to 5.38 mg/kg, with an average of 2.52 mg/kg, indicating a high zinc concentration in the soil. Iron content showed a range of 43.72 mg/kg to 121.87 mg/kg, averaging at 78.05 mg/kg, placing it in the "high" range. Manganese levels varied from 7.70 mg/kg to 88.89 mg/kg, with an average of 37.22 mg/kg, also highlighting a substantial amount. Copper concentrations in the mounds ranged from 5.52 mg/kg to 53.33 mg/kg, with an average of 29.86 mg/kg. These outcomes illustrate that termite operations impact the presence of micronutrients, notwithstanding the low organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity of the soils. As a result, it is suggested that combining termite mound soil with organic manure or fertilizers could enhance soil productivity.
Modern Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Sani Sadiq , Ibrahim Abdulkadir Abubakar , Abdullahi Nasif , Musa Abubakar Kabiru , Abdul Abdullahi , Lawal Umar Abdullahi
Published: June 2024

The global population is increasing at an alarming rate, presenting a formidable challenge in meeting the escalating demand for food. This concern has garnered the attention of agrarian scientists and policymakers worldwide. The present population's rapid utilization of natural resources raises apprehensions about compromising the entitlement of future generations to access nutritious food and clean air. The multifaceted causes of this challenge can be delineated, with a prominent factor identified as the deficient or suboptimal implementation of innovative approaches and practices for sustainable agriculture. These contemporary strategies encompass climate-smart agriculture (CSA), precision farming, sustainable intensification, biodynamic agriculture, regenerative agriculture, organic farming, agroecology, integrated nutrient management (INM), integrated pest management, conservation agriculture, aquaponics, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics. It discusses the potential of these approaches to enhance resource efficiency, optimize yield, minimize environmental impact, and address challenges related to food security and climate change resilience. Empirical evidence supports the assertion that the adoption of these approaches and practices serves as a safeguard for agricultural sustainability.
Integrating Quantum Algorithms with Gravitational-Wave Metrology for Enhanced Signal Detection
Authors: A Sharma Vaidik
Published: June 2024

This study explores the integration of quantum algorithms, specifically Grover's algorithm, with quantum metrology to enhance the efficiency and sensitivity of gravitational-wave detection. By combining quantum matched filtering with precise parameter estimation techniques, the research aims to optimize sensor networks for the identification of gravitational waves. This integrated approach leverages the strengths of quantum superposition and entanglement to improve signal detection, reduce noise, and strategically place sensors. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in the sensitivity and accuracy of gravitational wave measurements, highlighting the potential of quantum technologies to revolutionize observational astronomy and enhance our understanding of the universe.
Assessment of the Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio in Predicting the Severity of Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Ağaoğlu Zahid , Tanacan Atakan , Akgün Aktaş Betül , Karatas Esra , Okutucu Gülcan , Şerbetçi Hakkı , Kara Özgür , Sahin Dilek
Published: June 2024

Objective: To investigate whether the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR.) could predict the severity of disease in hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).
Materials and Methods: This study was designed prospectively at a single tertiary center and included a total of 283 patients with HG. The patients were divided into the following groups based on the severity of the disease evaluated using the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis scoring system: mild HG (n=144) (score6), moderate HG (n=80) (score: 7-12), and severe HG (n=59) (score13). FAR was calculated by dividing fibrinogen by albumin.
Results: There was a significant difference between the HG groups in terms of the gestational week at disease onset (p
Thinking with the Beatles
Authors: Wilson Andrew
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Reviews
Authors: Arnold Gina , Centawer Marlie , Lloyd Christian , Winsworth Ben
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Introduction: Silent Springs. Global Histories of Pesticides and our Toxic World(s)
Authors: Coudreau Marin , Pessis Céline
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Soviet Plans, Capitalist Chemistry:
Khimizatsiya
and the Western Pesticide Companies in the Age of Poisons
Authors: Coudreau Marin
Published: June 2024

This paper seeks to provide a decentred and transsystemic approach to the ‘contamination of the Earth’ by pesticides. It tackles connections, circulations and entanglements between the main Western agrochemical companies and the major authorities dealing with the ‘chemicalisation’ of agriculture in the Soviet Union in the Cold War period and beyond. This paper first outlines the development of the Soviet regulatory system for the adoption of pesticides emerging in the 1950–60s in the context of the Cold War. It then analyses how the major Western agrochemical companies started to operate in the Soviet Union after signing trading and R&D partnerships with Moscow during the era of
Détente
. The third and last part focus on Bayer’s activities in the Soviet Union starting in the 1970s, as a case study that looks at the corporate practices of influences during the late Soviet ‘chemicalisation’ on the one hand and ecological policies and contestations on the other.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Safer than in the USA? The Reception of
Silent Spring
in France and the Difficulties in Achieving European Regulations on Pesticides, 1962–1976
Authors: Merrer Bleuen , Dedieu François , Pessis Céline , Bonneuil Christophe
Published: June 2024

From having been a net food importer before World War Two, France rapidly became a leading European agricultural producer and the world’s second largest agricultural exporter – a model fueled by extensive use of pesticides. How, then, was the French reception of Rachel Carson’s work on the association of pesticides with health issues and environmental damage? This article constructed a corpus of 288 publications debating
Silent Spring
from 1962 to 1975 to map the trajectory of the controversy. We also mobilise rich archives collections to document how key actors and institutions endeavoured to control the fire sparked by
Printemps silencieux
and slow down the progress of new Europe-wide regulations. Lastly, we illuminate how, by 1969–1976, export imperatives and associated market-harmonisation concerns were factors as important as environment and health concerns for explaining the ban of a few molecules and the first 1976 EEC Directive regulating residues levels.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Stop Experimenting on Us! Judicial Stories of Pesticide Resistance in Argentina
Authors: Berros María Valeria
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on two paradigmatic court decisions on pesticide spraying in Argentina's agricultural zone and offers a socio-legal approach based primarily on legal sources. The first case was brought by a small town in the province of Santa Fe where spraying in the surrounding fields was stopped, and has paved the way for a growing number of similar cases in the last decade. The second case, involved a much larger area, namely the entire territory of the province of Entre Ríos, where more than a thousand rural schools are affected by the use of pesticides. The article proceeds in two sections which analyses each of the cases and identifies the legal innovations involved as well as the challenges that remain.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Glyphosate Bonding (2020)
Authors: Cho Eun Sun
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
‘Field Pieces’ (‘Ackerstücke’) and ‘Transects’ (‘Transekte’). Two Photographic Attempts to Capture Biodiversity in Agricultural Crop Land
Authors: Mokros Thilo
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Notes from the Icehouse: Facing Environmental Denialism: Lessons from the Bolsonaro Nightmare
Authors: Pádua José Augusto
Published: June 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
FEASTS Combined with Interferometry. I. Overall Properties of Diffuse H i and Implications for Gas Accretion in Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Wang 王 Jing 菁 , Lin 林 Xuchen 旭辰 , Yang 杨 Dong 冬 , Staveley-Smith Lister , Walter Fabian , Wang Q. Daniel , Wang 王 Ran 然 , Battisti A. J. , Catinella Barbara , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Cortese Luca , Fisher D. B. , Ho 何 Luis C. 子山 , Ji 季 Suoqing 索清 , Jiang 姜 Peng 鹏 , Kauffmann Guinevere , Kong 孔 Xu 旭 , Liu 刘 Ziming 孜铭 , Shao 邵 Li 立 , Wang 王 Jie 杰 , Wang 王 Lile 力乐 , Wang 王 Shun 舜
Published: June 2024

We present a statistical study of the properties of diffuse H i in 10 nearby galaxies, comparing the H i detected by the single-dish telescope FAST (FEASTS program) and the interferometer Very Large Array (THINGS program), respectively. The THINGS observation missed H i with a median of 23% due to the short-spacing problem of interferometry and limited sensitivity. We extract the diffuse H i by subtracting the dense H i, which is obtained from the THINGS data with a uniform flux-density threshold, from the total H i detected by FAST. Among the sample, the median diffuse-H i fraction is 34%, and more diffuse H i is found in galaxies exhibiting more prominent tidal-interaction signatures. The diffuse H i we detected seems to be distributed in disk-like layers within a typical thickness of 1 kpc, different from the more halo-like diffuse H i detected around NGC 4631 in a previous study. Most of the diffuse H i is cospatial with the dense H i and has a typical column density of 1017.7–1020.1 cm−2. The diffuse and dense H i exhibit a similar rotational motion, but the former lags by a median of 25% in at least the inner disks, and its velocity dispersions are typically twice as high. Based on a simplified estimation of circumgalactic medium properties and assuming pressure equilibrium, the volume density of diffuse H i appears to be constant within each individual galaxy, implying its role as a cooling interface. Comparing with existing models, these results are consistent with a possible link between tidal interactions, the formation of diffuse H i, and gas accretion.
Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints
Authors: De la Torre Luque Pedro , Balaji Shyam , Koechler Jordan
Published: June 2024

We study sub-GeV dark matter (DM) particles that may annihilate or decay into Standard Model particles producing an exotic injection component in the Milky Way that leaves an imprint in both photon and cosmic-ray (CR) fluxes. Specifically, the DM particles may annihilate or decay into e
+
e
−, μ
+
μ
−, or π
+
π
− and may radiate photons through their e
± products. The resulting e
± products can be directly observed in probes such as Voyager 1. Alternatively, the e
± products may produce bremsstrahlung radiation and upscatter the low-energy Galactic photon fields via the inverse Compton process, generating a broad emission from X-ray to γ-ray energies observable in experiments such as XMM-Newton. We find that we get a significant improvement in the DM annihilation and decay constraints from XMM-Newton (excluding thermally averaged cross sections of 10−31 cm3 s−1 ≲ 〈σ
v〉 ≲ 10−26 cm3 s−1 and decay lifetimes of 1026 s ≲ τ ≲ 1028 s, respectively) by including best-fit CR propagation and diffusion parameters. This yields the strongest astrophysical constraints for this mass range of DM of 1 MeV to a few GeV and even surpasses cosmological bounds across a wide range of masses as well.
Every Data Point Counts: Stellar Flares as a Case Study of Atmosphere-aided Studies of Transients in the LSST Era
Authors: Clarke Riley W. , Davenport James R. A. , Gizis John , Graham Melissa L. , Li Xiaolong , Fortino Willow , Honaker Easton J. , Sullivan Ian , Alsayyad Yusra , Bosch James , Knop Robert A. , Bianco Federica B.
Published: June 2024

Due to their short timescale, stellar flares are a challenging target for the most modern synoptic sky surveys. The upcoming Vera C. Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), a project designed to collect more data than any precursor survey, is unlikely to detect flares with more than one data point in its main survey. We developed a methodology to enable LSST studies of stellar flares, with a focus on flare temperature and temperature evolution, which remain poorly constrained compared to flare morphology. By leveraging the sensitivity expected from the Rubin system, differential chromatic refraction (DCR) can be used to constrain flare temperature from a single-epoch detection, which will enable statistical studies of flare temperatures and constrain models of the physical processes behind flare emission using the unprecedentedly high volume of data produced by Rubin over the 10 yr LSST. We model the refraction effect as a function of the atmospheric column density, photometric filter, and temperature of the flare, and show that flare temperatures at or above ∼4000 K can be constrained by a single g-band observation at air mass X ≳ 1.2, given the minimum specified requirement on the single-visit relative astrometric accuracy of LSST, and that a surprisingly large number of LSST observations are in fact likely be conducted at X ≳ 1.2, in spite of image quality requirements pushing the survey to preferentially low X. Having failed to measure flare DCR in LSST precursor surveys, we make recommendations on survey design and data products that enable these studies in LSST and other future surveys.
Adolescents et institutions, crises partagées
Authors: Kecskeméti Sophie
Published: June 2024

Soigner des adolescents dans un service public de secteur implique un dialogue quasi permanent avec un certain nombre d’institutions ; ces relations peuvent aller de la coopération à la confrontation, selon l’institution et selon la situation clinique. La famille, en général éprouvée par le contexte, nécessite une remise en circulation du dialogue et l’émergence de ce que l’on peut appeler « le bon parent », condition plus ou moins fictive de l’avancée du traitement. L’Éducation nationale est l’autre grand interlocuteur, et elle peut être d’une aide précieuse, surtout lorsque des relais (médecin ou infirmière scolaire) assurent l’interface entre le médical et le pédagogique. L’Aide sociale à l’enfance, lorsqu’elle est partie prenante, pose des difficultés de collaboration qui tiennent aux rigidités propres à tout organisme public alors que, inversement, dans notre expérience, la collaboration avec les forces de l’ordre est souvent de très bonne qualité. Plusieurs vignettes cliniques illustrent le propos.
La rosa muerta de Zoila Aurora Cáceres y el archivo médico feminista del entresiglos
Authors: Miseres Vanesa
Published: June 2024

Esta lectura de la novela de Zoila Aurora Cáceres, La rosa muerta (1904), amplía el universo intertextual de la novela para conectarla con las discusiones médicas sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad femeninos promulgados por la ginecología moderna y por la cultura popular del entresiglos. Asimismo, propongo conexiones con las observaciones y proyectos de algunas de las primeras médicas feministas sudamericanas. Desde la literatura y la escritura científico-pedagógica, en los albores de un nuevo siglo y siendo partícipes de la primera ola feminista sudamericana, estas autoras coinciden en su interés por la ginecología, la sexualidad y los cuidados higiénicos y estéticos del cuerpo femenino, los que aparecen vinculados, en el plano social, a la posibilidad de obtener mayores derechos para las mujeres. Una lectura desde el feminismo científico, recuperando el archivo médico de las mujeres, por otra parte, permite reconstruir nuevas facetas de la historia de la medicina desde la perspectiva de las mujeres y la cultura popular dirigida hacia ellas como consumidoras y pacientes e indagar sobre temas como el control de la fertilidad y la salud ginecológica como constructo social regido por mandatos e instituciones patriarcales.
Escenas de sororidad: teatro, performance y redes de mujeres en la prensa brasileña
Authors:  Dornelles María Alejandra Aguilar
Published: June 2024

Este ensayo explora la presencia de Cancros sociais (1865), de Maria Angélica Ribeiro (1829-1880) en la prensa periódica de Rio de Janeiro enfocándose particularmente en los indicios de la existencia de una red de mujeres vinculadas al teatro y la literatura. En un periodo signado por el desprecio hacia la figura de la “literata” y de oposición al derecho de la mujer a la educación, Cancros sociais constituye un caso relevante ya que gozó de gran éxito. Me detengo a explorar un homenaje protagonizado por un grupo de mujeres que escenificaron su apoyo a Ribeiro y la celebraron públicamente como la mayor dramaturga del periodo. La espectacularización de un apoyo solidario hacia Ribeiro pone al descubierto que el teatro contribuyó a la circulación de performances de género que cuestionaban las dinámicas de tradicionales. Es así que los artículos de prensa no solo muestran cómo periodistas y editores aprovecharon el surgimiento de un público consumidor de obras escritas por mujeres, sino que también nos ofrecen una visión más amplia del rol del teatro como plataforma de visibilización de prácticas de sororidad y empoderamiento.
El discurso amoroso de Luz Acmé, alter ego de María Jesús Alvarado, y la búsqueda del marido ideal
Authors: Pollarolo Giovanna
Published: June 2024

En la primera y única novela que publicó, Nuevas cumbres (1923), María Jesús Alvarado relata la fundación de Ciudad Cumbre, una colonia modelo de la sociedad ideal que su creadora, Luz Acmé, instala “en las selvas ubérrimas de Oriente” y en la que habitan 10 000 colonos. Pero el tema central de la novela es la narración de la búsqueda de la pareja perfecta –el esposo, el socio, el amigo–, a quien por sus méritos Luz Acmé le otorgará el rol de cofundador. La sucesión de los pretendientes, aspirantes a formar parte de la pareja fundadora, y las razones por las que son rechazados –a excepción del último–, componen un discurso sobre el amor al que hago dialogar, en el presente trabajo, con los Fragmentos del discurso amoroso, de Roland Barthes. Me interesa destacar cómo la mujer, objeto amoroso en los Fragmentos de Barthes, adquiere voz y agencia en el discurso de Luz Acmé.
Pacifismo y vínculos transnacionales entre feministas en el continente americano en los años 1930: encontrar una solución a la guerra del Chaco
Authors: Elvira Alvarez Gimenez Maria
Published: June 2024

Los años 1930 fueron un período de intensificación de los vínculos entre feministas en el continente americano, particularmente en América del Sur, incitado por la guerra del Chaco entre Paraguay y Bolivia (1932-1935). Las feministas del continente buscaban luchar de manera transnacional por la obtención de los derechos civiles y políticos de las mujeres, pero también por el mantenimiento de la paz en el continente. El movimiento feminista panamericano se adjudicó así fines pacifistas que llevaron a las mujeres a movilizarse a través de una suerte de “diplomacia informal” apenas terminado el conflicto, en torno al tema de la devolución de los prisioneros de guerra. Gracias a los vínculos creados entre feministas del continente en estos años, se llevó a cabo una movilización transcontinental de mujeres de gran amplitud que colocó a las mujeres y feministas en el primer plano en la esfera pública de sus respectivos países.
Fat Embolism Syndrome in a Preoperative Patient
Authors: George Sunny , Anithakumari K , Rajendran Parvathi , Philip Sophia , Anirudhan Renjana , Ali A A. Faisal , Ganashree S.
Published: June 2024

Dyspnea following a long bone fracture brings in the possibility of fat embolism, especially if the symptoms start around 48–72 h after the trauma. Although long bone fractures are associated with fat embolism in more than 90% of cases, the florid syndrome related to fat embolism occurs only in <5% of cases. Here, we report a young male who was admitted to the surgery intensive care unit following a road traffic accident was evaluated for dyspnea before an elective long proximal femoral nailing and internal fixation procedure.
Diagnosing and Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in 2024 – What Is New?
Authors: Kedia Yash , Kumar Rohit , Ish Pranav , Rathi Vidushi , Gupta Nitesh
Published: June 2024

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) lays down guidelines and strategies for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, the GOLD 2024 guidelines have been released. This brief report discusses the updates along with underlying evidence.
Impact of Exercises, Yoga, and Meditation on Anxiety and Depression During COVID 19 Lockdown
Authors: Bele Ashish , Qureshi Mohd , Ghogare Ajinkya , Singh Nivedita , Jethwani Divya , Gachake Avanti
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19, coronavirus infective disease 2019, is becoming a major problem worldwide. This situation varies from country to country. This virus spreads among 196 counties. It has been reported that considerable majority of cases are from scattering countries. The coronavirus flare up combined with the lockdown has set off an expansion in the cases of anxiety and stress. Careful meditation and exercise have constructive outcomes as adjunctive intervention for depressive and anxiety episodes. The aim of the study was to review the effect of lockdown in COVID 19 on anxiety and depression and how yoga, exercises, and meditation are beneficial to cope up with anxiety and depression. The data were collected from the electronic databases including Google Scholar, Springer publication, World Health Organization guidelines, PubMed, Cochrane, and Journal of Travel Medicine. All the articles were arranged as per the information they have provided and arranged in a systematic way. Exercises, yoga, and meditation are useful in coping with depression and anxiety including stress during the lockdown period. This study concluded that yoga is more beneficial in depression and anxiety along with regular exercises and meditation.
Nonpharmacological Techniques of Labor Analgesia
Authors: Saxena Kirti Nath
Published: June 2024

Labor pain has two components: uterine contractions resulting in visceral pain which occurs during the early first stage and the second stage of childbirth, and somatic pain which occurs during the late first stage and the second stage. Referred pain from uterus is transmitted to a skin area over the vertebrae L3-S2 in the area known as the Michaeli’s rhomboid. During the second stage of labor, there is severe somatic pain in the perineum which is continuous and distressing. The nonpharmacologic techniques of labor analgesia are nothing but traditional methods that have been employed for centuries by various cultures. These can be divided into mind–body interventions, alternative systems of medical practice, manual healing, bioelectromagnetic and physical methods. The mind- body interventions consist of psychoprophylactic methods such as lamaze method, yoga, sophrology, Leboyer’s method, music therapy, biofeedback, hypnosis etc. There are also techniques which activate peripheral sensory perception such as warm water baths, superficial applications of alternate hot and cold packs on the back, back massage, sterile water injections, acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. These techniques are cost effective and specially important in areas where there is shortage of staff and nonavailability of personnel to give specialized care.
Analgesic Effect of Caudal and Abdominal Nerve Blocks among Children Undergoing Inguinal Surgeries: An Original Research
Authors: Jamwal Preeti , Mohanty Ranjeet Kumar , Khan Ayesha , Mishra Jagannath , Tiwari Heena Dixit , Koneru Nihitha , Tiwari Rahul
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Pediatric inguinal surgeries sometimes cause considerable post-operative pain that requires effective analgesics. Caudal and abdominal nerve blocks may help this population with pain. It is uncertain how successful they are compared.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial included 70 pediatric inguinal surgery patients. An abdominal (ANB) or caudal nerve block (CNB) was randomly assigned to participants in addition to usual analgesic treatment. Post-operative pain was measured at various times using a standardized scale. The initial rescue analgesia time and dose were recorded. Statistics were used to compare CNB and ANB results.

Results:

The CNB and ANB groups were demographically similar. At every time point, the two groups’ analgesic usage and post-operative pain were similar. No serious adverse events occurred in either group.

Conclusion:

CNB and ANB provide equivalent analgesia for pediatric inguinal surgeries. Both approaches alleviate pain well and have similar post-operative effects. Individual nerve block approaches must be chosen based on patient features and clinical considerations. More research is needed to determine each procedure’s long-term safety and results.
Comparative Analysis of the Color Stability of Machined Denture Base Materials: An In-Vitro Approach
Authors: Sultan Sherif El Sayed , Salloum Mahmoud Gamal
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Color stability is a crucial aspect in the selection of denture base materials as it directly impacts the esthetic appeal and longevity of dental prostheses. This study aimed to compare the color stability of different denture base materials through an in vitro approach.

Materials and Methods:

Three machined denture base materials including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Acetal (AC), and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) were subjected to artificial aging using a xenon-arc lamp. Color measurements were taken before and after aging using a spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was performed to determine any significant differences among the materials.

Results:

The color stability of the denture base materials was quantitatively assessed using parameters such as ΔE values. PEEK exhibited the least color change (ΔE = 2.1 ± 0.3), followed by AC (ΔE = 3.5 ± 0.4), while PMMA showed the highest color change (ΔE = 5.9 ± 0.7).

Conclusion:

In this in vitro study, PEEK demonstrated superior color stability compared to AC and PMMA denture base materials under artificial aging conditions. These findings emphasize the importance of material selection in achieving long-term esthetic outcomes in dental prostheses.
Comparison of hemodynamic changes in normotensive and preeclamptic parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: A prospective observational study
Authors: Singariya Geeta , Yuvaraj S , Kamal Manoj , Garg Manish , Chhabra Abhas , Khatri Chanda
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:

The safety of subarachnoid block (SAB) was established in preeclamptic parturients, but most of studies are of low quality. The study aimed to compare the hemodynamic parameters, phenylephrine requirement, and the neonatal outcome between normotensive and preeclamptic parturients undergoing cesarean section.

Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted in 100 parturients, aged between 18 and 35 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists II/III scheduled for elective cesarean section under SAB. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean blood pressure (MBP) were recorded at the baseline, before SAB, and every 2 min till 30 min and then every 5 min till the end of the surgery. Phenylephrine was administered in a bolus of 50 μg when the MBP falls by 20% from the baseline. Neonatal outcomes were measured with the umbilical artery pH and APGAR scores at 1 and 5 min. The Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) 26 was used for analysis.

Results:

The percentage fall in DBP and mean arterial BP from baseline was statistically significant between groups (26.83% ± 9.58% vs. 20.06% ± 14.17% and 24.90% ± 6.49% vs. 20.11% ± 9.75%). The mean requirement of phenylephrine was higher in the normotensive group than the preeclamptic (95.16 ± 41.54, 68.42 ± 31.14) (P < 0.001). The umbilical artery pH and APGAR scores at 1 and 5 min were comparable in both the groups.

Conclusion:

The incidence of hypotension was less in preeclamptic and required less phenylephrine compared to normotensives, with comparable neonatal parameters in parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
ROLE OF TRIVIDHA AUSHADHA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INFERTILITY
DUE TO BILATERAL TUBAL BLOCKAGE AND ABNORMAL ENDOMETRIUM RECEPTIVITY ALONG WITH THE PREVENTION OF CONGENITAL
ANOMALY: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Gupta Prachi , Choudhary Poonam
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Infertility is the failure to naturally conceive a child even after one or more years of regular unpro-tected coitus. Primary infertility (absence of prior conception) and secondary infertility (infertility following at least one previous conception) are two categories under which infertility can be classified. Here, it is the case of secondary infertility caused by tubal and endometrial factors. Tubal factor and Endometrial factor come under four essential factors for conception described by Acharya Sushruta, i.e. Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu, Beeja as if the Kshetra is not formed correctly, it causes vandhyatva. In this case study, Ayurvedic management successfully treated secondary infertility caused by tubal and endometrial factors.
Main clinical finding: A married Hindu female patient of 29 years of age visited OPD of the National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, on 3 March 2021 with a chief complaint of wants issue since 1-year Diagnosis: Her HSG scan on 25 Feb 2021 suggestive of bilateral fallopian tube blockage. Her USG scan is suggestive of a simple cyst in her right ovary of size 31x19mm and endometrium thickness of 4mm on the 12th day of menses. Inter-ventions: Treatment given was Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya (Ksheera basti, Uttarbasti and Yoga basti along with oral medication), and Satvavajaya. Outcome: She conceives after taking 20 months of treatment and delivered a healthy male child of weight 3.04kg on 21 July 2023 without any congenital anomaly. Conclusion: This case study shows the efficacy of Uttar Basti for treating bilateral tubal blockage and Ksheera Basti for en-hancing endometrial receptivity. It also highlights the significance of Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya, and Satvavajaya Chikitsa in the management of infertility and the prevention of congenital anomalies.