bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compartmentalization and metabolic regulation of glycolysis
Authors: Fuller Gregory G. , Kim John K.
Published: October 2021

Hypoxia inhibits the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and leaves glycolysis as the primary metabolic pathway responsible for converting glucose into usable energy. However, the mechanisms that compensate for this loss in energy production due to TCA cycle inactivation remain poorly understood. Glycolysis enzymes are typically diffuse and soluble in the cytoplasm under normoxic conditions. In contrast, recent studies have revealed dynamic compartmentalization of glycolysis enzymes in response to hypoxic stress in yeast, C. elegans and mammalian cells. These messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) structures, termed glycolytic (G) bodies in yeast, lack membrane enclosure and display properties of phase-separated biomolecular condensates. Disruption of condensate formation correlates with defects such as impaired synaptic function in C. elegans neurons and decreased glucose flux in yeast. Concentrating glycolysis enzymes into condensates may lead to their functioning as ‘metabolons’ that enhance rates of glucose utilization for increased energy production. Besides condensates, glycolysis enzymes functionally associate in other organisms and specific tissues through protein–protein interactions and membrane association. However, as discussed in this Review, the functional consequences of coalescing glycolytic machinery are only just beginning to be revealed. Through ongoing studies, we anticipate the physiological importance of metabolic regulation mediated by the compartmentalization of glycolysis enzymes will continue to emerge.
Skeletal Muscle Nitrate as a Regulator of Systemic Nitric Oxide Homeostasis
Authors: Piknova Barbora , Schechter Alan N. , Park Ji Won , Vanhatalo Anni , Jones Andrew M.
Published: October 2021

Nonenzymatic nitric oxide (NO) generation via the reduction of nitrate and nitrite ions, along with remarkably high levels of nitrate ions in skeletal muscle, have been described recently. Skeletal muscle nitrate storage may be critical for maintenance of NO homeostasis in healthy aging, and nitrate supplementation may be useful for the treatment of specific pathophysiologies and for enhancing normal functions.
Design considerations for analyzing protein translation regulation by condensates
Authors: Roden Christine A. , Gladfelter Amy S.
Published: October 2021

One proposed role for biomolecular condensates that contain RNA is translation regulation. In several specific contexts, translation has been shown to be modulated by the presence of a phase-separating protein and under conditions which promote phase separation, and likely many more await discovery. A powerful tool for determining the rules for condensate-dependent translation is the use of engineered RNA sequences, which can serve as reporters for translation efficiency. This Perspective will discuss design features to consider in engineering RNA reporters to determine the role of phase separation in translational regulation. Specifically, we will cover (i) how to engineer RNA sequence to recapitulate native protein/RNA interactions, (ii) the advantages and disadvantages for commonly used reporter RNA sequences, and (iii) important control experiments to distinguish between binding- and condensation-dependent translational repression. The goal of this review is to promote the design and application of faithful translation reporters to demonstrate a physiological role of biomolecular condensates in translation.
Resource Allocation and Joint Mode Selection for Device-to-Device Communications Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors:   BMSCE, Bengaluru 560019, India, M Nethravathi H , Akhila S.
Published: October 2021

In this study, Resource Allocation and Joint Mode Selection for Device-to-Device Communications (D2D) has been modelled using the cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). The implementation is made for equal power control and constraints ensuring that the existing sub-channels are used efficiently and optimally. Simultaneous access to radio resources in a coexistence scenario through D2D technology with optimal mode selection is considered. Initially, the problem formulation for resource allocation is written, then, a cuckoo search optimized solution for optimal resource allocation and mode selection in uplink cellular communications has been proposed and the same has been evaluated using throughput analysis.
Predicting Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna Dimension Using Machine Learning
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, DKI Jakarta 11440, Indonesia, Kurniawati Nazmia , Fahmi Arif , Alam Syah
Published: October 2021

When designing a microstrip antenna, the designers determined the desired parameters. However, the simulation software can only give the parameters result based on the given dimension. Therefore, optimization is required to meet the desired parameters. The designers usually do the optimization by the trial-error process. This research conducts machine learning implementation to predict the microstrip antenna dimension. The study focused on rectangular patch microstrip antenna with resonant frequency ranged from 1-8 GHz. The dataset used to make the prediction is obtained from simulation with antenna width ranged from 19-63 mm and length 10-54 mm. There are four algorithms employed: decision tree, random forest, Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Among all algorithms, random forest with estimator 15 gives the best result with Mean Square Error (MSE) value is 3.45. From the obtained result, the researchers can estimate the rectangular patch microstrip antenna dimension based on the desired parameters, which can’t be done by the antenna simulation software before.
Historia, tipología y funcionalidad de los cerramientos corales de la colegiata y parroquias de Jerez de la Frontera.
Authors: Pomar Rodil Pablo J.
Published: October 2021

El artículo aborda el desarrollo tipológico y funcional de los cerramientos que envolvían las sillerías corales de la colegiata y demás parroquias de Jerez de la Frontera entre los siglos XVI y XIX. El estudio, que aporta un importante caudal de datos inéditos con los que se reconstruye la historia y apariencia de estas desaparecidas estructuras, se detiene especialmente en su condición de elemento arquitectónico complementario de la sillería, a la que independiza de la intromisión de seglares, al tiempo que abriga frente a las corrientes frías que incomodaban al clero, y también en otros usos de oportunidad, como el de servir de soporte de los altares secundarios dispuestos en su perímetro.
Una aproximación a la vida y obra de Sebastián Vidal, maestro mayor de la catedral de Córdoba en el siglo XVII.
Authors: Suárez Arévalo Jesús
Published: October 2021

Sebastián Vidal fue uno de los maestros mayores de la catedral de Córdoba durante el siglo XVII, cargo que simultaneó con el de maestro mayor de la ciudad. Pese a la relevancia de la posición que ocupó, se trata de un personaje relativamente desconocido del que hasta ahora solo se ha estudiado su faceta de retablista. En este artículo, partiendo de fuentes documentales, pretendemos establecer un catálogo actualizado de sus trabajos y recoger nuevos datos sobre su biografía, su estatus y sus relaciones sociales.
El inventario de pinturas del colegio de los irlandeses de la Compañía de Jesús en Sevilla.
Authors: Martín Pradas Antonio
Published: October 2021

Con el presente artículo pretendemos dar a conocer el inventario de pinturas del colegio de la Concepción de Nuestra Señora y de la Santa Fe Católica, también conocido como de San Patricio o de los irlandeses y de forma popular como de los Chiquitos de la Compañía de Jesús en Sevilla. El inventario fue realizado por Juan de Espinal, en 1767, con motivo de la expulsión de la orden de todos los reinos de Carlos III. En él se mencionan las pinturas del colegio e iglesia, donde se aporta el nombre de una serie de pintores sevillanos de los siglos XVII y XVIII, como Domingo Martínez, Gregorio de Espinal, Cristóbal de León, Miguel de Ayala, Juan de Roelas, Andrés Pérez, etc.
Los títeres y las marionetas en el contexto artístico de Manuel de Falla.
Authors: Arcas Espejo Ana
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo aborda las experiencias de Manuel de Falla con el ámbito del títere de su época. A través de ello se pretende esclarecer cuáles fueron las influencias escénicas del músico, al mismo tiempo que encontramos la génesis de grandes obras de su repertorio como El retablo de maese Pedro. Por otra parte, se pretende revisar y poner en valor la aportación de Manuel de Falla al ámbito del títere español. El cuál, sin perder su esencia, que hunde sus raíces en la tradición del teatro de títeres de cachiporra, comulga con los postulados del teatro de vanguardia europeo invitando a volver la mirada hacía sus orígenes.
Algunas contribuciones al catálogo del pintor Baldomero Romero Ressendi.
Authors: Cabezas García Álvaro
Published: October 2021

Se aportan en este estudio un total de ocho pinturas inéditas firmadas por Baldomero Romero Ressendi. Todas se conservan en colecciones particulares de Sevilla y suponen, en su variedad temática, nuevas versiones de géneros bien conocidos y recurrentes en la producción del artista, como fueron, concretamente, el religioso y el circense. Ressendi fue un artista de gran maestría pero anacrónico y, por tanto, falto de un claro compromiso vanguardista si se inscribe en el contexto del arte español de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. A pesar de ello, la extravagancia que caracterizó su obra provocó filias y fobias por igual: animadversión entre los círculos académicos y aprecio de importantes promotores que le procuraron multitud de encargos hasta el final de sus días. A continuación, podrán conocerse algunos de los que no habían sido publicados hasta ahora.
Fray Coello de Portugal y su arquitectura en Zamora.
Authors: García-Lozano Rafael Ángel
Published: October 2021

Abordamos en este trabajo el proceso de creación de una importante arquitectura diseñada por el arquitecto dominico Fray Coello de Portugal y Acuña para Zamora. Realizada al filo de la reforma del Concilio Vaticano II (1962-1965), el Colegio Divina Providencia adoptó en sus espacios sacros las nuevas determinaciones litúrgicas emanadas de este sínodo, así como el lenguaje estilístico fruto de la renovación arquitectónica española de la época. A pesar del generalizado desconocimiento de este centro, el edificio se establece como una de las obras contemporáneas más representativas de ciudad, y su capilla como una de las creaciones más destacables de quien fuera el arquitecto español del siglo XX autor del mayor número de arquitecturas religiosas en el país.
A Rare Association between Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease, Nephrotic Syndrome and Polyneuropathy in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Landeiro Luís , Freitas Ana Carolina , Proença Margarida , Cabeçadas José , Nunes Albertina , Bayão Horta Alexandra
Published: October 2021

Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) represents a group of poorly understood lymphoproliferative disorders related to proinflammatory hypercytokinaemia. In immunocompetent patients its etiology is still unknown, hence the designation of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD). To successfully diagnose iMCD, diagnostic criteria must be fulfilled and a large array of alternative diagnosis excluded. Peripheral neuropathy and nephropathy are relatively common findings in cases associated with POEMS syndrome, but very rarely reported in iMCD. We present the case of a 64-year-old man with iMCD (HIV and HHV-8 negative) with nephrotic syndrome and severe motor polyneuropathy. Alternative diagnoses were excluded. The patient was treated with intravenous glucocorticoid followed by rituximab. Complete clinical and laboratorial remission was achieved and maintained at 2-year follow-up.
REVIEWS
Authors: Celinska Angelica
Published: October 2021

EYE's professional book review features a psychological health and wellbeing programme by the bestselling author: Professor Steve Peters. Plus take a look at the unique picture book reviews ranging from transient nursery rhymes and jingles, a valuable activity book supporting children's mental health and wellbeing, and a perfect quiet and cosy time story encouraging role play.
Bringing the outside in – leaves
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: October 2021

Children enjoy playing in nature where they can use all their senses to experience the world, but it is not always possible to play outside. In this article, part of the ‘bringing the outside in’ series, reflect on and discover new opportunities that the autumnal outdoor world can bring to indoor learning.
Transfusion in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Blankstein Anna R. , Houston Brett L. , Fergusson Dean A. , Houston Donald S. , Rimmer Emily , Bohm Eric , Aziz Mina , Garland Allan , Doucette Steve , Balshaw Robert , Turgeon Alexis , Zarychanski Ryan
Published: October 2021

Aims

Orthopaedic surgeries are complex, frequently performed procedures associated with significant haemorrhage and perioperative blood transfusion. Given refinements in surgical techniques and changes to transfusion practices, we aim to describe contemporary transfusion practices in orthopaedic surgery in order to inform perioperative planning and blood banking requirements.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery at four Canadian hospitals between 2014 and 2016. We studied all patients admitted to hospital for nonarthroscopic joint surgeries, amputations, and fracture surgeries. For each surgery and surgical subgroup, we characterized the proportion of patients who received red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, the mean/median number of RBC units transfused, and exposure to platelets and plasma.

Results

Of the 14,584 included patients, the most commonly performed surgeries were knee arthroplasty (24.8%), hip arthroplasty (24.6%), and hip fracture surgery (17.4%). A total of 10.3% of patients received RBC transfusion; the proportion of patients receiving RBC transfusions varied widely based on the surgical subgroup (0.0% to 33.1%). Primary knee arthroplasty and hip arthroplasty, the two most common surgeries, were associated with in-hospital transfusion frequencies of 2.8% and 4.5%, respectively. RBC transfusion occurred in 25.0% of hip fracture surgeries, accounting for the greatest total number of RBC units transfused in our cohort (38.0% of all transfused RBC units). Platelet and plasma transfusions were uncommon.

Conclusion

Orthopaedic surgeries were associated with variable rates of transfusion. The rate of RBC transfusion is highly dependent on the surgery type. Identifying surgeries with the highest transfusion rates, and further evaluation of factors that contribute to transfusion in identified at-risk populations, can serve to inform perioperative planning and blood bank requirements, and facilitate pre-emptive transfusion mitigation strategies. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):850–857.
Beyond intimate partner relationships: utilising domestic homicide reviews to prevent adult family domestic homicide
Authors: Bracewell Kelly , Jones Cassandra , Haines-Delmont Alina , Craig Elaine , Duxbury Joy , Chantler Khatidja
Published: October 2021

Increasing evidence documents domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and domestic homicide of adults killed by a relative in non-intimate partner relationships. Most literature focuses on intimate partner violence and homicide, yet non-intimate partner homicides form a substantial but neglected minority of domestic homicides. This article addresses this gap by presenting an analysis from 66 domestic homicide reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales where the victim and perpetrator were related, such as parent and adult child. Intimate partner homicides are excluded. These 66 DHRs were a sub-sample drawn from a larger study examining 317 DHRs in England and Wales.

The article contributes towards greater understanding of the prevalence, context and characteristics of adult family homicide (AFH). Analysis revealed five interlinked precursors to AFH: mental health and substance/alcohol misuse, criminal history, childhood trauma, economic factors and care dynamics. Findings indicate that, given their contact with both victims and perpetrators, criminal justice agencies, adult social care and health agencies, particularly mental health services, are ideally placed to identify important risk and contextual factors. Understanding of DVA needs to extend to include adult family violence. Risk assessments need to be cognisant of the complex dynamics of AFH and must consider social-structural and relational-contextual factors.
Gender and ambitions for elected and appointed political positions: insights from Norway
Authors: Kolltveit Kristoffer
Published: October 2021

This article contributes to the emerging scholarship on the gender gap in political ambitions. While appointed party positions offer politically minded people the opportunity to have further political careers outside the elected path, the extent to which women prefer such alternative careers is unclear. This article investigates the gender gap in the political ambitions of young people in Norway. Studying the gender gap in a country with numerous role models and established opportunity structures allows us to understand how individual and contextual factors might affect ambitions for different elected and appointed political positions. This research also explores the impact of personality and upbringing. The article draws on a 2019–20 survey of young party member elites. Multivariate analysis reveals that gender is a main factor in differences in ambition for elected positions but less so for appointed positions.
A new era for free-form micro-optics manufacturing : the final frontier …
Authors: Ferrini Rolando
Published: October 2021

The urgent need to provide miniaturized components is at the origin of the exponential growth of the micro-optics market. Aim of PHABULOS is to set up a self-sustainable pilot line for the manufacturing of free-form micro-optical components.
Force responsive robotic controlled figuring and smoothing of lightweight freeform mirrors
Authors: Coniglio Jennifer , Eisner Matt , Brooks Dan , Beck Josh , Nelson Jessica DeGroote
Published: October 2021

Optical fabrication of freeform lightweight mirrors often results in mid-spatial frequency (MSF) and/or surface quilting surface errors. To minimize these errors, two force responsive robotic smoothing methods are incorporated into the freeform fabrication process.
Process Pre-Emphasis for Laser Written Freeform Optics
Authors: Murphy E. , Blair P. , Trela-McDonald N.
Published: October 2021

The variance between a laser manufacturing process and the design intent is modelled using the linear machining law and Fourier filtering. We demonstrate model-driven compensation of machining errors for a freeform, engineered diffuser. © 2021 PowerPhotonic Ltd
Arbitrary optical wave evolution with Fourier transforms and phase masks
Authors: López Pastor Víctor , Lundeen Jeff , Marquardt Florian
Published: October 2021

A large number of applications in classical and quantum photonics require the capability of implementing arbitrary linear unitary transformations on a set of optical modes. In a seminal work by Reck et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 58 (1994)10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.58], it was shown how to build such multiport universal interferometers with a mesh of beam splitters and phase shifters, and this design became the basis for most experimental implementations in the last decades. However, the design of Reck et al. is difficult to scale up to a large number of modes, which would be required for many applications. Here we present a deterministic algorithm that can find an exact and efficient implementation of any unitary transformation, using only Fourier transforms and phase masks. Since Fourier transforms and phase masks are routinely implemented in several optical setups and they do not suffer from some of the scalability issues associated with building extensive meshes of beam splitters, we believe that our design can be useful for many applications in photonics.
Single-photon peak event detection (SPEED): a computational method for fast photon counting in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy
Authors: Sorrells Janet E. , Iyer Rishyashring R. , Yang Lingxiao , Chaney Eric J. , Marjanovic Marina , Tu Haohua , Boppart Stephen A.
Published: October 2021

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) characterizes samples by examining the temporal properties of fluorescence emission, providing useful contrast within samples based on the local physical and biochemical environment of fluorophores. Despite this, FLIM applications have been limited in scope by either poor accuracy or long acquisition times. Here, we present a method for computational single-photon counting of directly sampled time-domain FLIM data that is capable of accurate fluorescence lifetime and intensity measurements while acquiring over 160 Mega-counts-per-second with sub-nanosecond time resolution between consecutive photon counts. We demonstrate that our novel method of Single-photon PEak Event Detection (SPEED) is more accurate than direct pulse sampling and faster than established photon counting FLIM methods. We further show that SPEED can be implemented for imaging and quantifying samples that benefit from higher -throughput and -dynamic range imaging with real-time GPU-accelerated processing and use this capability to examine the NAD(P)H-related metabolic dynamics of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Computational methods for photon counting such as SPEED open up more opportunities for fast and accurate FLIM imaging and additionally provide a basis for future innovation into alternative FLIM techniques.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Virtual Network Embedding for 6G Satellite Networks
Authors: Zhu Ruijie , Li Gong , Wang Peisen , Yuan Junling
Published: October 2021

We establish a satellite network and propose a deep reinforcement learning based virtual network embedding (DRVE-SN) algorithm. Simulation results show that it performs better than the state-of-art algorithm in blocking probability and average resource utilization.
Real-Time Control Plane Operations for gOSNR QoT Estimation through OSNR Monitoring
Authors: Díaz-Montiel Alan A. , Bhardwaj Ayush , Lantz Bob , Yu Jiakai , Quraishy Aamir N. , Kilper Dan , Ruffini Marco
Published: October 2021

We analyze an optical control plane algorithm designed to operate in real-time to improve generalized-optical signal-to-noise ratio (gOSNR) quality-of-transmission-estimation (QoT-E), based on OSNR monitoring. We report QoT-E performance improvements of up to 1 dB.
AI-Based Cooperative Optimization of Pre- and Post-Compensation Filters for Coherent Transceivers with Limited Bandwidth and ENOB
Authors: Fernandes Marco A. , Brandão Bruno T. , Messias Adriano C. , de M. Vilela Tomaz , Formiga Daniel A. , Reis Jacklyn D. , Monteiro Paulo P. , Guiomar Fernando P.
Published: October 2021

Using a novel frequency-resolved pre- and post-compensation optimization technique, we show how AI-based optimization can boost the system performance resulting in gains > 3 dB over typical pre-emphasis techniques.
DRL-Based Channel and Latency Aware Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Multi-User Millimeter-Wave RAN
Authors: Shen Shuyi , Zhang Ticao , Mao Shiwen , Chang Gee-Kung
Published: October 2021

A DRL-based uplink resource allocation algorithm with channel condition and latency awareness is demonstrated for multi-user RAN. The algorithm is verified experimentally with dynamic RoF-mmWave channels, achieving 19% reward improvement compared to conventional scheduling schemes.
Silicon Photonics Applications for 5G and Data Centers
Authors: Yu Rang-Chen , Pan Dong
Published: October 2021

We review silicon photonics, such as Ge/Si APD detectors, and integrated circuits for 5G wireless and data center applications.
Silicon Photonic ZR/ZR+ DCO-CFP2 Interface for DCI and Metro-Regional 400G Optical Communications
Authors: Pincemin E. , Loussouarn Y.
Published: October 2021

For the first time, a 400-Gbps DP-16QAM silicon photonic DCO-CFP2 interface using standardized C-FEC (400-ZR) and O-FEC (400-ZR+) and consuming less than 20-Watts is presented and evaluated, confirming its interest for DCI and metro-regional optical networks
Field Trial of a System-Independent Infrastructure Monitoring System for Access Networks
Authors: Straub Michael , Hückstädt Volker , Ulrich Marc , Pfeiffer Thomas , Bonk Rene
Published: October 2021

We introduce transmission system independent infrastructure monitoring capabilities for optical access networks to monitor status, availability and connectivity of ODN splitters and endpoints. A Field Trial at municipal utilities Sindelfingen/Germany demonstrates full operation on deployed field fibers.
Linear Burst-Mode Receivers for DSP-Enabled Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Yin Xin , Coudyzer Gertjan , Ossieur Peter , Breyne Laurens , Van Lombergen Borre , Bauwelinck Johan
Published: October 2021

High-dynamic-range and fast-response burst-mode receivers have become a prerequisite for time-division multiplexed passive optical networks (TDM-PON). Recent progress in high-rate burst-mode receiving technologies optimized for linear operation enables upstream equalization or DSP for future PONs.
Impact of DFE on Soft-Input LDPC Decoding for 50G PON
Authors: Mahadevan Amitkumar , Lefevre Yannick , Lanneer Wouter , Cautereels Paul , van Veen Doutje , Kaneda Noriaki , Houtsma Vincent
Published: October 2021

DFE induced error correlation and mutual information (MI) degradation penalize the 50G PON LDPC code soft-input decoding performance. Bit-interleaving across multiple codewords mitigates the correlated error penalty, but not the MI degradation penalty.
Recurrent Neural Network Soft Demapping for Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinearities and ISI
Authors: Schaedler Maximilian , Pittalà Fabio , Calabrò Stefano , Böcherer Georg , Bluemm Christian , Pachnicke Stephan
Published: October 2021

Optical transmission systems suffer from linear and nonlinear impairments induced by components and fibers. As countermeasures, neural network soft-demappers are proposed and benchmarked against combinations of digital back-propagation, Volterra equalizers, noise whitening and soft-output Viterbi-algorithms.
Clock Recovery Performance on Probabilistically-Shaped Transmissions
Authors: de Souza André L. N. , Júnior José Hélio C. , Sutili Tiago , Figueiredo Rafael C.
Published: October 2021

Performance comparison of timing recovery techniques in a probabilistically-shaped 64QAM system is presented based on simulations and experiments. Results show that the ones relying on dynamic equalizers stand for all cases while Gardner-based do not.
Single-Wavelength Terabit FSO Channel for Datacenter Interconnects Enabled by Adaptive PCS
Authors: Fernandes Marco A. , Monteiro Paulo P. , Guiomar Fernando P.
Published: October 2021

Using coherent optics we demonstrate a seamless fiber-FSO l ink f or DCIs supporting up to 1 Tbps. PCS-based bit-rate adaptation and automatic beam alignment effectively counteract the impact of pointing errors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest reported FSO bitrate using single-wavelength transmission.
Fast Edge-to-Edge Serverless Migration in 5G Programmable Packet-Optical Networks
Authors: Pelle István , Paolucci Francesco , Sonkoly Balázs , Cugini Filippo
Published: October 2021

Ultra-low latency serverless applications are dynamically deployed and migrated between edge computing nodes in less than 10 ms, leveraging comprehensive telemetry data re- trieved from programmable packet-optical 5G x-haul.
Effects of Variations in Refractive Index and Film Thickness on Multilayer Dielectric Mirror Performance
Authors: Gupta Arpit , Sabui Deblina , Khan Gufran S. , Joseph Joby
Published: October 2021

This paper presents simulation studies on the performance of multilayer dielectric mirrors due to variation in refractive indices as well as film thickness during the fabrication process.
Üzleti intelligencia rendszerek felhasználói elfogadása egy hazai középvállalat példáján
Authors: H. Szűcs Helga , Szukits Ágnes
Published: October 2021

Az utóbbi bő egy évtizedben széles vállalati kör ismerte fel az üzleti intelligencia (business intelligence – BI) rendszerekben rejlő előnyöket, s áldozott rengeteg erőforrást rendszerfejlesztési és -bevezetési projektekre. A várt előnyök realizálásának azonban fontos feltétele, hogy a technológiai újítást a felhasználók elfogadják és használják. Az IT-rendszerek felhasználói elfogadásával éppen ezért régóta foglalkoznak a kutatók. E tanulmány a BI sajátosságait figyelembe véve a szakirodalom alapján azonosítja azon tényezőket, melyek a felhasználói elfogadást befolyásolják, majd az azonosított tényezők mentén egy hazai középvállalat BI-rendszerének felhasználói elfogadását vizsgálja a kulcsfelhasználókkal készített interjúk segítségével. A tanulmány arra világít rá, hogy a felhasználók egyéni jellemzői, a szervezeti szintű és technológiai jellemzők nem adnak elégséges magyarázatot a használat során megtapasztalt kedvezőtlen attitűdváltozásra, azokat a rendszer hatalmi-politikai-kulturális hatásaival együtt kell értelmezni.
Seasonal variation of heavy metal accumulation in environment and fishes from the Cirebon coast, Indonesia
Authors: Januar Hedi Indra , Dwiyitno  , Hidayah Izhamil
Published: October 2021

Contamination by dangerous heavy metal in the estuarine environment has risen with concern to the safety of coastal fish as seafood. Anthropogenic emission in the coastal areas becomes the primary source of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment, which then accumulates in fish species. Therefore, marine fish has a potency to be used as a bioindicator for heavy metals contamination in the coastal environment, since it may vary, as the results of marine hydrodynamics. This research presents seasonal variations (west monsoon, east monsoon, and intermediate monsoon) of heavy metals accumulation in fish from the coastal region of Cirebon, Indonesia. Three types of economic fish (Scatopagus argus, Siganus canaliculatus, and Nibea albifor) were taken, and the heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) content were examined by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) of seasonal variation of heavy metals concentration in seawater and sediment. The contamination in seawater was higher during the east monsoon season, while the contamination in sediment was higher during the west monsoon season. The observation was also revealed variation on heavy metals accumulation in fish species. However, this study found no significant correlation (p>0.05) between the concentration of heavy metals in the environment and fish. Consequently, precaution is needed when using fish as a bioindicator for heavy metals contamination in coastal environments.
Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: clinical case and literature review
Authors: Lukyanov S. V. , Blikyan K. M. , Todorov S. S. , Deribas V. Y. , Lukyanov N. S.
Published: October 2021

Adrenal leiomyosarcoma — rare mesenchymal tumor, which is diagnosed most often after it reaches a large size. Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare: in the English-language literature, only 45 cases were previously reported. We report the case of a 46-year-old man with the formation of the right adrenal gland measuring 12x8x7,5 cm. The patient underwent right-sided adrenalectomy, nephrectomy, and plastic of the inferior vena cava. The phenotype was confirmed by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Microscopic examination of the tumor is represented by fusiform and polymorphic cells that form multidirectional bundle structures with a high rate of mitosis. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, CD-34, CD-117.
Draft of the clinical practice guidelines “Adrenal incidentaloma”
Authors: Beltsevich D. G. , Troshina E. A. , Melnichenko G. A. , Platonova N. M. , Ladygina D. O. , Chevais A.
Published: October 2021

The wider application and technical improvement of abdominal imaging procedures in recent years has led to an increasingly frequent detection of adrenal gland masses — adrenal incidentaloma, which have become a common clinical problem and need to be investigated for evidence of hormonal hypersecretion and/or malignancy. Clinical guidelines are the main working tool of a practicing physician. Laconic, structured information about a specific nosology, methods of its diagnosis and treatment, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, make it possible to give answers to questions in a short time, to achieve maximum efficiency and personalization of treatment. These clinical guidelines include data on the prevalence, etiology, radiological features and assessment of hormonal status of adrenal incidentalomas. In addition, this clinical practice guideline provides information on indications for surgery, postoperative rehabilitation and follow-up.
Polyarthritis associated with COVID-19 (clinical case)
Authors: Aronova E. S. , Belov B. S.
Published: October 2021

The article describes the clinical observation of the onset of polyarthritis after COVID-19. Clinical data, laboratory tests' and instrumental methods results in dynamics, as well as approaches to therapy are presented. The discussion reflects modern views on the causes of the development of articular syndrome after SARS-CoV-2, with special attention to the need for a careful study of the history, clinical and laboratory data of patients with COVID-19.
Experience of guselkumab usage in the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis in real clinical practice
Authors: Loginova E. Yu. , Korsakova Yu. L. , Korotaeva T. V.
Published: October 2021

The article presents an analysis of literature on the efficacy and safety of a new biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drug usage, the interleukin 23 inhibitor – guselkumab (GUS) – in the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Two own clinical observations of GUS therapy are described. It has been demonstrated that in PsA of moderate activity and in severe to moderate psoriasis with nail damage, the use of GUS (100 mg at weeks 0 and 4, and then every 8 weeks), allows to achieve remission of peripheral arthritis, enthesitis and psoriasis by the 20th week of treatment as in the monotherapy regimen and in combination with methotrexate. When GUS is re-prescribed (re-treat) after a long break (10 months), its effectiveness is quickly and completely restored. The safety of GUS was confirmed in patients with comorbid pathology, in particular, Gilbert's syndrome, hyperuricemia, metabolic disorders (abdominal obesity).
Real options in the financial evaluation of coffee investment projects
Authors: Sosa Cruz Gerardo , Banda Ortiz Humberto
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar empíricamente las opciones reales como una técnica para la valuación financiera de proyectos de inversión cafetaleros de base tecnológica, además de realiza una comparación de la técnica tradicional con la técnica de opciones reales para dicha valuación. Para cumplir con el objetivo planteado se aplicó la técnica de opciones reales a cuatro proyectos de inversión de base tecnológica del sector cafetalero, cabe mencionar que dichos proyectos de inversión cuentan con flujos de efectivo correspondientes a diez años cada uno. Se utilizó la técnica de opciones reales, aplicado específicamente el modelo desarrollado por los autores Black & Scholes. El análisis que se realizó en la presente investigación está limitado a proyectos de inversión cafetaleros, los cuales fueron obtenidos de la Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (SADER). La originalidad de la presente investigación radica en que en México no se tiende a utilizar esta metodología, sino que, por cuestiones de facilidad, se utilizan las técnicas tradicionales que consiste en valor presente neto, tasa interna de retorno y periodo de recuperación. Con la aplicación de la metodología de opciones reales se obtuvo un valor superior al que se obtuvo al aplicar la técnica tradicional, por lo cual se puede decir que las opciones reales favorecen a reducir el riesgo y la incertidumbre en los proyectos para una mejor evaluación de estos. Por lo tanto, se recomienda la utilización de opciones reales, ya que esta técnica da una mayor certeza de los resultados de la técnica tradicional.
Proposal for an Innovation Ecosystem for the Dairy Chain in Latin America
Authors: Díaz Mateus Rubén Darío Darío , Rincón Díaz Carlos Augusto
Published: October 2021

The objective of this paper is to propose an innovation ecosystem, in accordance with the characteristics of the dairy chain in the Latin American context. This research is based on a descriptive study through the analysis of literature on research trends in the dairy chain, the analysis of some sources and barriers to innovation, and the identification of the activities, indicators and agents that support the ecosystem proposal. As a result, an innovation ecosystem is presented for the dairy chain that contemplates the interaction between different internal and external organizations, and that facilitates the diffusion and adoption of innovations throughout the chain.
¿El negocio de bebidas alcohólicas es rentable en Colombia?
Authors: Rivera Godoy Jorge Alberto , García Muñoz Juliana , Torres Duque Alejandro
Published: October 2021

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el desempeño financiero del sector bebidas alcohólicas en Colombia en el período 2014-2018, siguiendo como metodología el análisis estático y de tendencias de indicadores contables y de valor económico agregado que miden su crecimiento, eficiencia, eficacia y efectividad. Se encontró que este sector creció, y generó rentabilidades contables que fluctuaron en los tres primeros años y luego subieron, siguiendo la orientación de la eficacia en el control de costos y gastos, que fue ampliada por un apalancamiento financiero positivo. Además, se halló que este sector creó valor económico agregado (EVA) en cada uno de los años debido a que la rentabilidad del activo neto operacional fue superior al costo de capital, dejando un margen de utilidad residual. Estos hallazgos podrían complementarse con estudios semejantes para grupos homogéneos en tamaño, edad y zona geográfica.
Estrategias de internacionalización de empresas: un análisis del clúster fronterizo para branding
Authors: Ramos Rubio Patricia , Urrutia De la Garza Jesús Alberto , González Macias Carlos
Published: October 2021

El artículo constituye una evaluación llevada a cabo mediante la exploración de la situación actual de empresarios mexicanos fronterizos, particularmente de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México que tienen empresas y operaciones comerciales en la ciudad de El Paso, Texas, Estados Unidos. El objetivo general lo constituyó la compilación y análisis de elementos que motivan a las empresas para desarrollar estrategias para el branding de la región binacional. Con un abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo, partiendo de entrevistas a una muestra de empresarios con negocios en la ciudad norteamericana y en una segunda parte la selección de atributos resaltados por parte de los empresarios generando una matriz de particularidades en la internacionalización de las empresas. Como resultados inmediatos se destaca estrategias acertadas para emprender en los Estados Unidos. Y se resalta las oportunidades para potenciar los recursos humanos y atributos de la red.
Withania Somnifera: Correlation of Phytoconstituents with Hypolipidemic and Cardioprotective Activities
Authors: Uthirapathy Subasini , Tahir Tara F.
Published: October 2021

Withania somnifera (WS) (Dunal) or Ashwagandha is a well-known hypolipidemic herb and antioxidant. In this study, 75% ethanolic extract of WS is attempted to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity and hypolipidemic activity in Triton WR 1339-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, phytochemical evaluation of the same extracts analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). This study found that 7 days of therapy with WS extracts at 1000 mg/kg b.wt. reduced cholesterol by 76%, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by 71%, and TAG by 12% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it can significantly reduce cholesterol and LDL levels (P < 0.05). Similarly, the use of 50 mg/kg b.wt. of WS extract showed a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxic rats. The antioxidants glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase are increased in WS extract (P < 0.05), whereas the release of cardiac indicators in heart tissue is reduced (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a 30-day treatment with WS also reduced triacylglycerol in isoprenaline-induced cardiotoxic rats. GC–MS analysis of the methanol fraction of the Ashwagandha 70% ethanolic extract showed the presence of higher concentrations of fatty acids. In conclusion, WS showed hypolipidemic and cardioprotective activities in diseased animals induced by isoproterenol and Triton WR 1339.
Simple experiments with immobilized enzymes as a contribution to green and sustainable chemistry education in the high school laboratory
Authors: Linkwitz Michael , Eilks Ingo
Published: October 2021

Green chemistry became an eminent trend in chemical research and industry since the 1990s, and thus green chemistry is also increasingly suggested to become an issue in chemistry education. One of the principles of green chemistry is to use effective catalysis in general, and enzymatic catalysis under mild conditions in particular. This article presents a set of experiments under catalysis by immobilized lipase that were developed and tested in an action research project for developing a green organic chemistry curriculum for the senior secondary schooling level in Germany.
Synthesis and structure of an asymmetrical sila[1]magnesocenophane
Authors: Bischoff Inga-Alexandra , Morgenstern Bernd , Schäfer André
Published: October 2021

The synthesis and structure of an asymmetrical sila[1]magnesocenophane, featuring a cyclopentadienyl and a tetramethylcyclopentadienyl group, are reported. The compound was obtained as a bis(tetrahydrofuran) adduct and exhibits a slipped sandwich structure in the solid state.
Záh Felicián ügye Mügelni Henrik német nyelvű krónikájában
Authors: Dániel Bagi
Published: October 2021

The assault of Felician Záh on the royal family in 1330 was one of the most mysterious and painful aff airs of medieval Hungary. The case itself and Felician of Zah’s motivation to commit the crime are depicted in several nearby contemporary and later sources, but only a part of them discusses the reasons for the commitment of the crime. One of the earliest texts presenting both the events and the motivations is the Chronicle written by Henry of Mügeln, one of the most recognized Meistersingers of the 14th century. Henry of Mügeln is one of the first authors, who accuses Queen Elisabeth of Lokietek and her brother, the later Kasimir III the Great of Poland, to be involved into the events. The present paper gives an analysis of the German text, trying to give new approaches to its interpretations. Furthermore, by inserting the chronicle into the political circumstances in East Central Europe in the 14th century, the paper tries to explain the motivation of the author and his possible sources.
Volt egyszer egy Szent Zsigmond-kolostor
Authors: Illés Horváth
Published: October 2021

In 1433, Sigismund of Luxemburg, King of Hungary founded a new monastery for the Order of St. Paul the First Hermit. The monastery was consecrated to the title of the king’s dynastic saint: St Sigismund, the Burgundian king. The newly founded monastery became filia of the Monastery of St Michael of Toronyalja. After the death of King Sigismund (1437) the church depopulated soon. Although John Hunyadi attempted to populate the monastery with Carmelites, but the monks did not arrive. By the 16th century, the monastery was ruined, the only monument of it was a mill near to Verőce. According to the most recent literature and a so-called diploma of Agaune, the location of the monastery marked in the centres of the settlements of Kisoroszi or Verőce, however the ruin of it have not been identified yet. Thus, the present study aims to analyse the precedes of the foundation, and seeks to answer the following question: what role played the monastery of St Sigismund in the reorganisation process of the churches of Visegrád? At the same time, the paper analyses the sources of the history of the monastery and its accessories as well as to focus on other possible area of location, Hévkúterdeje, which neighbouring the Monasteries of Nosztra and Toronyalja.
Toward an Anti-Racist Approach to Biomedical and Neuroscience Research
Authors: Gilpin Nicholas W. , Taffe Michael A.
Published: October 2021

Racism is a threat to public health. Race is a sociopolitical construct that has been used for generations to create disparities in educational access, housing conditions, exposure to environmental contaminants, and access to health care. Collectively, these disparities have a negative impact on the health of non-white Americans. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funds biomedical research, including basic neuroscience research, aimed at understanding the mechanisms and consequences of health and disease in Americans. NIH has recently acknowledged its own structural racism, the disadvantage this perpetuates in the biomedical research enterprise, and has announced its commitment to eliminating these disparities. Here, we discuss different rates of disease in U.S. citizens from different racial backgrounds. We next describe ways in which the biomedical research enterprise (1) has contributed to health disparities and (2) can contribute to the solving this problem. Based on our own scientific expertise, we use neuroscience in general and mental health/addiction disorders more specifically as examples of a broader issue. The NIH, including its neuroscience-focused Institutes, and NIH-funded scientists, including neuroscientists, should prioritize research topics that reflect the health conditions that affect all Americans, not just white Americans.