bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repeatability of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mueller Christina , Goodman Adam M. , Nenert Rodolphe , Allendorfer Jane B. , Philip Noah S. , Correia Stephen , Oster Robert A. , LaFrance William Curt , Szaflarski Jerzy P.
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose

The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in healthy controls (HCs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods

Seventeen HCs and 48 TBI patients were scanned twice over 18 weeks with diffusion imaging. Orientation dispersion (ODI), neurite density (NDI), and the fraction of isotropic diffusion (F‐ISO) were quantified in regions of interest (ROIs) from a gray matter, subcortical, and white matter atlas and compared using the coefficient of variation for repeated measures (CVrep), which quantifies the expected percent change on repeated measurement. We used a modified signed likelihood ratio test (M‐SLRT) to compare the CVrep between groups in each ROI while correcting for multiple comparisons.

Results

NDI exhibited excellent repeatability in both groups; the only group difference was found in the fusiform gyrus, where HCs exhibited better repeatability (M‐SLRT = 9.463, p = .0021). ODI also had excellent repeatability in both groups, although repeatability was significantly better in HCs in 16 cortical ROIs (p < .0022) and in the bilateral white matter and bilateral cortex (p < .0027). F‐ISO exhibited relatively poor repeatability in both groups, with few group differences.

Conclusion

Overall, the repeatability of the NDI, ODI, and F‐ISO metrics over an 18‐week period is acceptable for assessing the effects of behavioral or pharmacological interventions, though caution is advised when assessing F‐ISO changes over time.
Smartphone application to report awake bruxism
Authors: Stanisic Nikola , Do Cam Tu , Skarping Sandra , Chrcanovic Bruno , Bracci Alessandro , Manfredini Daniele , Häggman‐Henrikson Birgitta
Published: May 2023

Background

Together with psychosocial and hereditary factors, bruxism is a possible risk factor for orofacial pain. Bruxism is defined as a masticatory muscle activity characterized by repetitive or sustained tooth contact, or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. A smartphone application to report awake bruxism (AB) has been developed and translated into more than 25 languages.

Objective(s)

To translate the application into Swedish, adapt it to Swedish culture and conduct a study to evaluate the usability of the application for studies on family history and associated risk factors.

Methods

Translation and cultural adaption of the Swedish version of the application (BruxApp) was carried out in a four‐step sequential process. Ten young adults (22–30 years) were recruited together with ten parents (42–67 years) and reported their AB with the application over two seven‐day periods. Pain, stress and parafunctional behaviours were assessed by questionnaires.

Results

The back translation check showed minimal discrepancies between the translation and the English version. Participants did not report any problems with the application. Response rates for both groups were 65%. A difference in frequency of AB was shown between young adults and parents (22.0% vs. 12.5%, p < .001). A positive moderate correlation was found between AB and stress (r = 0.54, p = .017).

Conclusion

The use of application strategies enables data collection on AB which can be used in both clinical and research settings. The results suggest that the Swedish version is ready for implementation and for studies on the relationships between AB, family history and psychosocial factors.
Molecular identification and diversity of Diaporthe species associated with shoot dieback on highbush blueberry plants in Poland
Authors: Michalecka Monika , Poniatowska Anna , Kałużna Monika
Published: May 2023

Members of the genus Diaporthe are among the most common plant pathogens and cause disease symptoms in a wide variety of hosts. In the present study, six isolates were obtained from necrotic symptoms observed on shoots from diebacks of highbush blueberry plants (Vaccinium corymbosum) in Poland. The isolates showed typical morphology for the genus Diaporthe and were categorized in three morphotypes for further molecular identification. The isolates were identified by sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and genes encoding beta‐tubulin (tub2), transcription elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1‐α), calmodulin (cal) and histone H3 (his3). The results revealed that the Diaporthe isolates corresponded to three different species: five isolates to D. eres and one to D. rudis. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the capability of all evaluated Diaporthe isolates to induce similar necrotic symptoms on highbush blueberry shoots as observed under natural conditions. This study is the first description and characterization of Diaporthe species associated with blueberry shoot dieback in Poland.
Understanding farmers’ barriers to health and mental health‐related help‐seeking: The development, factor structure, and reliability of the Farmer Help‐Seeking Scale
Authors: Skaczkowski Gemma , Hull Melissa , Smith Ashleigh E. , Dollman James , Jones Martin , Gunn Kate M.
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The aim of this research was to develop a contextually and culturally appropriate scale to assess farmers’ barriers to health‐related help‐seeking.

Methods

An initial pool of items was developed from the academic literature and input from an expert panel of farmers, rural academics, and rural clinicians. A draft 32‐item questionnaire was then developed and sent to farmers registered with FARMbase, which is an Australian national farmer database.

Findings

Two hundred and seventy‐four farmers completed the draft questionnaire (93.7% male, 73.7% aged 56‐75 years). An exploratory factor analysis identified 6 factors; “Health Issues are a Low Priority,” “Concerns about Stigma,” “Structural Health System Barriers,” “Minimization and Normalization,” “Communication Barriers,” and “Continuity of Care.”. Test‐retest reliability was examined with a further 10 farmers (90% male, Mean age = 57, SD = 5.91), who completed the questionnaire twice (at 2‐ to 3‐week intervals). Results indicated moderate‐good test‐retest reliability.

Conclusions

The resulting 24‐item Farmer Help‐Seeking Scale provides a measure of help‐seeking that is specifically designed to capture the unique context, culture, and attitudes that can interfere with farmers’ help‐seeking, and inform the development of strategies to increase health‐service utilization in this at‐risk group.
Assessment of gastrointestinal health in racing Alaskan sled dogs using capsule endoscopy and inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Mabry K. , Davis M. S. , Gould E. , Gogal R. M. , Steiner J. M. , Tolbert M. K. , Hill T. L.
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Exercise‐induced gastrointestinal syndrome occurs in dogs and people and might compromise athlete performance by increasing intestinal permeability and causing gastrointestinal erosions. Racing sled dogs often receive acid suppressant prophylaxis which decreases the incidence of gastric erosions induced by exercise. The objectives were to quantify intestinal injury by measuring serum pro‐inflammatory cytokine concentrations before and after exercise and to evaluate gastrointestinal mucosa using video capsule endoscopy after exercise.

Materials and Methods

Prospective study of 12 racing Alaskan sled dogs receiving approximately 1 mg/kg omeprazole once daily from the day before the race until race completion. Blood was drawn before and 8 to 10 hours after an endurance race for the quantification of cytokines. Gastrointestinal tract mucosa was assessed with video capsule endoscopy immediately post‐race.

Results

Eight of nine dogs (89%; 95% confidence interval 52 to 100%) had gastric erosions; all dogs (100%, 95% confidence interval 63 to 100%) had small intestinal erosions. Most of the dogs (seven of nine) had straw or foreign material present. Cytokine levels were not different from before to after the race.

Clinical Significance

Video capsule endoscopy identified gastrointestinal tract mucosal erosions after exercise in all dogs receiving once‐daily omeprazole treatment, though other causes for the lesions besides exercise are possible.
Evangelical Civil War on the College Campus, White Evangelical Right Framing Resistance to Racial Justice in 2020s America
Authors: Kim Rebecca Y.
Published: May 2023

This paper examines a civil war brewing among evangelicals on the college campus over racial justice—calls for greater racial equality, equity, and inclusion—in the era of Black Lives Matter (BLM). It examines how the white evangelical right are framing their resistance to racial justice and redrawing the color line in the contemporary college evangelical landscape not with distant “social justice warriors” in broader secular society, but with those right inside their evangelical community who, at varying levels, are coming out in support for racial justice in 2020s America. To do this, I first examine the varied campus evangelicals that support racial justice and how they express and frame their support as proper religious practice. I then explicate how the white evangelical right utilize a strategy of colorblind‐othering to fight against these co‐evangelicals that support racial justice. Data for the study come from the Landscape Study of Chaplaincy and Campus Ministry (2019–22).
Effects of disturbance on macrofaunalbiodiversity‐ecosystemfunctioning relationships in seagrass habitats
Authors: Colvin T. J. , Snelgrove P. V. R.
Published: May 2023

Seagrass beds support diverse macrofaunal communities, and collectively they influence carbon and nutrient cycles; however, we know little on how seagrass disturbance alters this relationship. In Newfoundland, Canada, the invasive European green crabCarcinus maenasthreatens the seagrassZostera marinaby snipping and uprooting seagrasses while foraging and burrowing. In order to understand the effects of seagrass disturbance on macrofaunal diversity and ecosystem functioning within sediments, we experimentally uprooted small patches of seagrass and compared rates of oxygen and nutrient fluxes from sediment cores from uprooted (disturbed) patches, seagrasses, and unvegetated sediments nearby. In parallel, we assessed macrofaunal biodiversity (taxonomic and functional) and sedimentary (granulometric properties and organic matter content/freshness) variables in all three of these treatments over a three‐month period. As expected, macrofaunal abundance, species richness and functional richness declined significantly initially in disturbed cores, although this decrease had little effect on benthic flux rates. Over 3 months, macrofaunal colonization of the disturbed sediments resulted in abundances similar to the natural seagrass and unvegetated treatments. We also observed a change in nutrient flux rates that we attribute to seasonal shifts in regeneration pathways rather than macrofaunal community recovery, suggesting a lesser role for macrofaunal diversity in carbon and nutrient cycling in dynamic nearshore habitats than in deeper water. Our results demonstrate the impacts of green crab‐mediated seagrass disturbance on macrofaunal abundance and community structure while highlighting their potential capacity for rapid stabilization, and emphasize the strength of large‐scale seasonal environmental changes on ecosystem processes.
Therapeutic outcomes wide association scan of different antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia: Randomized clinical trials and multi‐ancestry validation
Authors: Lu Zhe , Zhang Yuyanan , Sun Yaoyao , Liao Yundan , Kang Zhewei , Feng Xiaoyang , Yan Hao , Wang Lifang , Lu Tianlan , Zhang Dai , Yue Weihua
Published: May 2023

Aim

This study identified discrepant therapeutic outcomes of antipsychotics.

Methods

A total of 5191 patients with schizophrenia were enrolled, 3030 as discovery cohort, 1395 as validation cohort, and 766 as multi‐ancestry validation cohort. Therapeutic Outcomes Wide Association Scan was conducted. Types of antipsychotics (one antipsychotic vs other antipsychotics) were dependent variables, therapeutic outcomes including efficacy and safety were independent variables.

Results

In discovery cohort, olanzapine related to higher risk of weight gain (AIWG, OR: 2.21–2.86), liver dysfunction (OR: 1.75–2.33), sedation (OR: 1.76–2.86), increased lipid level (OR: 2.04–2.12), and lower risk of extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS, OR: 0.14–0.46); risperidone related to higher risk of hyperprolactinemia (OR: 12.45–20.53); quetiapine related to higher risk of sedation (OR = 1.73), palpitation (OR = 2.87), increased lipid level (OR = 1.69), lower risk of hyperprolactinemia (OR: 0.09–0.11), and EPS (OR: 0.15–0.44); aripiprazole related to lower risk of hyperprolactinemia (OR: 0.09–0.14), AIWG (OR = 0.44), sedation (OR: 0.33–0.47), and QTc prolongation (β = −2.17); ziprasidone related to higher risk of increased QT interval (β range: 3.11–3.22), nausea (OR: 3.22–3.91), lower risk of AIWG (OR: 0.27–0.46), liver dysfunction (OR: 0.41–0.38), and increased lipid level (OR: 0.41–0.55); haloperidol related to higher risk of EPS (OR: 2.64–6.29), hyperprolactinemia (OR: 5.45–9.44), and increased salivation (OR: 3.50–3.68). Perphenazine related to higher risk of EPS (OR: 1.89–2.54). Higher risk of liver dysfunction in olanzapine and lower risk of hyperprolactinemia in aripiprazole were confirmed in validation cohort, and higher risk of AIWG in olanzapine and hyperprolactinemia in risperidone were confirmed in multi‐ancestry validation cohort.

Conclusion

Future precision medicine should focus on personalized side‐effects.
Legal Judgment as Self‐Mastery
Authors: Eleftheriadis Pavlos
Published: May 2023

Many legal theorists see legal judgment as a largely professional or technical task. This is not how law sees itself. When looked at from the perspective of the engaged judge, law requires from us that we arrive at a certain internal governance of our thoughts and emotions. Legal scholarship and legal procedure tell us that law creates true reasons that override other, personal, reasons, even those of the utmost importance to us. A philosophical understanding of law requires a distinct argument that explains how such overriding reasons can be associated with the law and how there can be a personal duty to adapt our reasoning when we make authoritative legal judgments in order to change the lives of others. The philosophy of law needs to explain how legal judgment can be a form of self‐mastery.
Risk analysis sampling methods in terrorist networks based on the Banzhaf value
Authors: Algaba Encarnación , Prieto Andrea , Saavedra‐Nieves Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This article introduces the Banzhaf and the Banzhaf–Owen values as novel measures of risk analysis of a terrorist attack, determining the most dangerous terrorists in a network. This new approach counts with the advantage of integrating at the same time the complete topology (i.e., nodes and edges) of the network and a coalitional structure on the nodes of the network. More precisely, the characteristics of the nodes (e.g., terrorists) of the network and their possible relationships (e.g., types of communication links), as well as coalitional information (e.g., level of hierarchies) independent of the network. First, for these two new measures of risk analysis, we provide and implement approximation algorithms. Second, as illustration, we rank the members of the Zerkani network, responsible for the attacks in Paris (2015) and Brussels (2016). Finally, we give a comparison between the rankings established by the Banzhaf and the Banzhaf–Owen values as measures of risk analysis.
Community‐Engaged Sociology Within an University‐Based Research Center: Successes and Challenges in Doing the Work and Meeting Outcomes in an Institutional Context
Authors: Smith Carrie Lee
Published: May 2023

In this article, I focus on community‐engaged sociology (CES) conducted by faculty members, in partnerships between universities and community partners, and situated within the context of a university‐based research center (UBRC). There has been scant research on UBRCs and their impacts, and I highlight the role that these centers can play in contributing to or impeding outcomes in CES. Beginning with an overview of the institutional context within which I conduct CES, I then discuss three case studies of collaborations with different traits and varying degrees of success. I examine some common challenges that all three collaborations faced, discuss the differences between project (easier to achieve) and institutional (more difficult to achieve) goals, and analyze the reasons for differential results in meeting outcomes. Finally, I conclude by proposing recommendations on how we can better support and boost the work of UBRCs in CES.
Ammonia volatilization from ammonium sulfate as sulfur source
Authors: Chien S. H.
Published: May 2023

Surface application of ammonium sulfate (AMS) as S source to soils with pH ≥7.0 is subjected to ammonia (NH3) volatilization. However, AMS volatilizes less NH3 than urea does. In soils with pH <7.0, unlike urea, very little NH3 volatilization from AMS occurs. The associated N with AMS may enhance early biological N fixation by leguminous crops as compared to S sources without N such as polyhalite.
Role of smoothened and sfrp genes in Eupentacta fraudatrix regeneration
Authors: Girich Alexander , Sadriev Konstantin , Frolova Lidia , Dolmatov Igor
Published: May 2023

The secreted frizzled‐related proteins (sfrp) and smoothened (smo) genes and their possible role in the regeneration of internal organs in the holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix were studied. In this species, two sfrp genes were identified: sfrp1/2/5, sfrp3/4 and one smo gene. Their expression was analysed during regeneration of the aquapharyngeal bulb (AB) and intestine, and these genes were knock down by RNA interference. It has been shown that the expression of these genes is extremely important for the formation of AB. In all animals subjected to knockdown, at 7 days after evisceration, a full‐sized AB rudiment was not formed. As a result of sfrp1/2/5 knockdown, the process of extracellular matrix remodelling in AB is interrupted, that leading to clusters of dense connective tissue formation, which slows down cell migration. When sfrp3/4 is knockdown, the connective tissue of AB anlage is completely disrupted and its symmetry is broken. The effect of smo knockdown was expressed in a significant impairment of AB regeneration, when connections between ambulacras were not formed after evisceration. However, despite severe disturbances in AB regeneration, a normal‐sized gut anlage developed in all cases, which suggests that the regeneration of the digestive tube and AB occur independently of each other.
Portable and Compact Tire-Clamping Mechanism for Medium Sized Tire
Authors: Asus Zainab , AB RAHMAN MOHAMMED AMIR , Zul-hilmi Bin Che Daud
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this project is to improve the existing tire or wheel clamp design. The wheel clamp targets the comprehensive use in UTM to replace the heavy and inconvenient products. If this project is well received by its user, it may expand its use in many places in the future. This design is more lightweight and compact if compared to most existing product in market. The usage of three arms to lock the wheel or tire ensures its stability. CAD model of the design is developed using Solidworks software and the analysis is using Finite element analysis in Solidworks simulation. Stress, strain, displacement, and factor of safety analysis results from FEA analysis are studied and discussed with a focus on the critical location of the design. A full-size prototype cannot be done as during the execution of this project, Movement Control Order (MCO) by the government due to the spreading of the COVID-19 virus has taking place. A half scale model of the initial design is printed in 3D to check its functionality. Furtherimprovements of the design are showed through simulation and animation using Solidworks.
The Effect of Hull Elongation to the Vessel’s Performance for Small Ship
Authors: Samian Yahya , Mohd Shah Ain Nur Atiqah
Published: May 2023

This thesis project presents the proposed method of modifying the length of the passenger vessel hull. The aim of this thesis project is to evaluate the method proposed and validate the performance of the hull. The scope of the work covers the literature and background study of previous work regarding the effect of changing the hull’s length, performing different cases of lengthening the hull and finally suggesting the new elongate hull form that gives the best performance. Few types of software are used such as Maxsurf Modeler, Maxsurf Resistance, Maxsurf Stability and Rhinoceros 5 3D.
HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FIN STABILIZER FOR FREEFLOATING SEMI SWATH
Authors: Ali Arifah , Kai Lun Bong
Published: May 2023

Advance Marine Vessel, Semi-SWATH is a potential vessel design for offshore operation. Fin stabilizer is an essential component for Semi-SWATH to handle the instability in rough weather. Therefore, the best design for the fin stabilizer should be chosen to ensure good Semi SWATH performance including optimum powering and seakeeping criteria in various conditions. However, seakeeping analysis of semi-SWATH in free floating condition is less available than in high-speed condition. The hydrodynamic analysis of the fin stabilizer on Semi SWATH vessel is very essential in free-floating condition to maximize the function of fins on Semi SWATH. In this paper, the hydrodynamic analysis of fin stabilizer for free floating semi-SWATH is analysed at zero degrees fin angle. In this research, the hydrodynamic of semi-SWATH is obtaining from CFD simulation. Analysis results indicate that reduction of pitch angle for free floating up until 9.8% is obtained with fin stabilizer for wave length ratio 4.2.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF SURROGATE MODEL FOR THE APPLICATION OF VEHICLE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Authors: Dzakaria Afandi , S. Mansor  , S.A.A Bakar
Published: May 2023

High-fidelity (HF) model always provides better performance in assessing vehicle suspension system design compared to low-fidelity (LF) model. However, HF model is computationally expensive. On the contrary, LF model, which depends on a few parameters allow the simulation of ’what-if’ problem run faster and the results potentially comparable with HF model. This research attempts to conduct feasibility study on LF model using the surrogate model for the application of vehicle suspension study. The surrogate models are classified into three types which are Response-Based (RB) model, Variable-Based (VB) model, and Parameter-Based (PB) model. Through three statistical metrics and graphical interpretation, the results show that VB model gave the most superior performance compared to RB model and PB model.
Simulation Battery Cooling System for Small Scale Electric Vehicle (Light EV)
Authors: Che Daud Zul Hilmi , Fakhruddin Mohd Hassan  , Dr. Zainab Binti Asus  , Dr. Izhari Izmi Bin Mazali  , Dr. Mohd Ibthisham Bin Ardani  , Dr. Mohd Kameil Bin Abdul Hamid
Published: May 2023

The Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) has widely used for Electric Vehicle (EV) as cooling system to reduce high temperature occurred from batteries source during discharge and charge process. Since the performance and cycle life of batteries are very sensitive to temperature, it important to maintain the proper temperature range in order to avoid the thermal issues and improve the performance. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to study the effectiveness of different type of cooling system for small scale Electric Vehicle (EV). The study is conducted by using two main types of cooling system that available in electricity grid which is air cooling and liquid cooling. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of those cooling system, an analysis is conducted by developing an EV model using MATLAB/Simulink software and simulated at different speed of the vehicle from the few driving cycle that commonly used in researcher paper. Based on the analysis, the maximum temperature of battery for liquid cooling system under NEDC, WLTP, and HWFET is 23.14 ⁰C, 23.3 ⁰C and 23.09 ⁰C compare to air cooling system which is 24.66 ⁰C, 26.3 ⁰C and 24.4 ⁰C respectively at 23 ⁰C of ambient temperature. As the result of this project is showed that the liquid cooling system are more effective to maintain the temperature of battery as the temperature rise more controlled compare to air cooling.
RECHARGEABLE BATTERY SYSTEM FOR SMALL SCALE ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Authors: Mazali Izhari Izmi , Izzat Asyraf Sakri Roslan  , Dr. Zul-hilmi Bin Che Daud  , Dr. Mohd Kameil Bin Abdul Hamid  , Mohd Salman Che Kob  , Dr. Zainab Binti Asus
Published: May 2023

Popularity of electric vehicle (EV) is growing very rapidly in recent times due to favourable emission regulations and its improved practicality in terms of the battery technology. Because of that, studying the rechargeable battery technologies becomes increasingly crucial. Therefore, this paper describes the work carried out to design a rechargeable battery system that integrate parameters monitoring system. The battery system was designed to be implemented in a small-scale EV that uses 10 kW electric motor. Lithium-ion battery was used in the system due to its relatively high energy capacity and charging cycles. For the monitoring system, three sensors where used; voltage sensor, current sensor and thermocouple, to measure the voltage, current and temperature, respectively. As a result, the battery’s performance and conditions can be monitored during operation.
Prediction of Ship Collision Risk on Singapore Strait Using AIS Data
Authors: Siang Kang Hooi , Dr. Siow Chee Loon  , J. H. Wong  , M. A. Harun  , M. F. Abdulhamid  , I. F. Nusyirwan  , A. S. A. Kadir  , J. Koto  , J. Y. C. Ee
Published: May 2023

Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore are one of the most congregated seaways in the world. These seaways are the main connection for the ships travel between western part and eastern part of the world. From statistical record, there were approximately 1500 vessels passing through the straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore daily. Ship to ship collision occurs frequently at these areas due to large amount of ships movement. To assess the risk of ship collision on the Straits of Melaka and Straits of Singapore, an AIS receiver station was setup by local researchers with the fund and support from Ocean and Aerospace Research Institute, Indonesia (OCARI). A computer software is also developed to decode the AIS signal received and to assess the risk profile of the traffic using Pedersen Method (1995). This self-developed decoder and analysis software is built under the assistance and guidance from Centre of Marine Technology and Engineering, Por-tugal (CENTEC). To obtain the risk of collision between ships, the software serves to calculate the number of collision candidates by considering the ship movement pattern, average ships speed in each course, ship course, distance between ships and principle dimensions of the ships which use the Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore. Due to the complicated traffic flow in this region, this paper only focuses in discuss the expected number of collisions in the period of time for the head-on traffic and crossing traffic. To predict the expected number of collisions in the period of time, value of causation probability obtained from literature are used. Finally, this paper also presented the traffic pattern and expected number of collisions in the period of time on Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore based on the AIS data received between September 2019 to October 2019.
U.S. opens new high-security livestock laboratory
Authors: Cornwall Warren
Published: May 2023

Unease greets Kansas facility that will work with dangerous agricultural pathogens
A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly for Yamadazyma tenuis ATCC 10573
Authors: Hoyer Lois L. , Hogan Elizabeth K. , Oh Soon-Hwan , Freeman Brian A. , Walden Kimberly K. O. , Hernandez Alvaro G.
Published: May 2023

Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) long-read sequencing was used to generate a chromosome-level genome assembly for
Yamadazyma tenuis
strain ATCC 10573. The assembly featured 7 chromosomes that matched the electrophoretic karyotype and a 26.5-kb circular mitochondrial genome. The nuclear genome was 10.8 Mb, with a GC content of 43%, and 5,340 predicted genes.
Accretion disc around black hole in Einstein-SU(N) non-linear sigma model
Authors: Abbas G. , Rehman Hamza , Usama M. , Zhu Tao
Published: May 2023

The accretion of matter onto celestial bodies like black holes and neutron stars is a natural phenomenon that releases up to $$40\%$$

40
%

of the matter’s rest-mass energy, which is considered a source of radiation. In active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries, huge luminosities are observed as a result of accretion. Using isothermal fluid, we examine the accretion and geodesic motion of particles in the vicinity of a spherically symmetric black hole spacetime in the Einstein-SU(N) non-linear sigma model. In the accretion process, the disk-like structure is produced by the geodesic motion of particles near the black hole. We determine the innermost stable circular orbit, energy flux, radiation temperature, and radioactive efficiency numerically. In the equatorial plane, we investigate the mobility of particles with stabilities that form circular orbits. We examine perturbations of a test particle by using restoring forces and particle oscillations in the vicinity of the black hole. We analyze the maximum accretion rate and critical flow of the fluid. Our findings demonstrate how parameter N influences the circular motion of a test particle as well as the maximum accretion rate of the black hole in the Einstein-SU(N) non-linear sigma model.
A Method to Reduce Route Discovery Cost of UAV Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Waqas Abdullah , Rehman Muhammad Javvad ur , Dilpazir Hammad , Sohail Muhammad Farhan , Subhani Nafis
Published: May 2023

The unmanned aerial vehicle communication networks (UAVCNs) are composed of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) connected in ad hoc mode to facilitate vertical communication in 5G and beyond networks. UAVs operating in an ad hoc mode of operation mostly use reactive routing protocols to establish routes in the network to reduce the energy consumption of the nodes. In this article, a route discovery method is presented to reduce the overhead faced by reactive routing protocols during the route discovery phase. The expanding ring search (ERS) method is mostly used by reactive routing protocols in the destination discovery phase of the routing algorithm. Although the performance of the ERS method is better than simple flooding, the presented method further reduces energy consumption and routing overhead as compared to the conventional ERS method. To achieve the task, the time to live (TTL) is modified to accommodate a large number of nodes in a search attempt. We proposed variants of the proposed techniques for diverse application requirements and compared the performance with the state-of-the-art ERS technique. It has been demonstrated with the help of simulations that the presented algorithm outperforms the ERS method in terms of reduced routing overhead and reduced energy consumption.
The Underlying Mechanism of Duanteng Yimu Decoction in Inhibiting Synovial Hyperplasia in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Feng Wei , Zhong Xiao-Qin , Zheng Xue-Xia , Liu Qing-Ping , Liu Min-Ying , Liu Xiao-Bao , Lin Chang-Song , Xu Qiang
Published: May 2023

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our previous studies confirmed that Duanteng Yimu decoction (DTYMT) effectively inhibits RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation. In this study, we investigated the influence of DTYMT on miR-221 in RA individuals. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining was performed to assess histopathological alterations in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. The expression of miR-221-3p and TLR4 in PBMC, FLS, and cartilage was measured by RT-qPCR. In the in vitro experiments, DTYMT-containing serum was incubated with FLS-transfected miR-221 mimic or inhibitor. CCK-8 was performed to determine FLS proliferation, and the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α was quantified by ELISA assay. In addition, the regulation of miR-221 expression on FLS apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Finally, western blot was employed to reflect TLR4/MyD88 protein levels. HE results showed that DTYMT effectively reduced synovial hyperplasia in the joints of CIA mice. RT-qPCR assay of FLS and cartilage of the model group showed that miR-221-3p and TLR4 significantly increased compared with those in the normal group. All outcomes were improved by DTYMT. The miR-221 mimic reversed the inhibitory effect of DTYMT-containing serum on FLS proliferation, the release of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α, and FLS apoptosis, as well as TLR4/MyD88 protein levels. The results showed that miR-221 promotes the activity of RA-FLS by activating TLR4/MyD88 signaling, and DTYMT treats RA by reducing miR-221 in CIA mice.
Stability Analysis of the Lining Reinforcement Structure of a Double-Track Heavy-Haul Railway Tunnel
Authors: Ma Weibin , Chai Jinfei , Du Xiaoyan , Li Yao , Zhao Peng , Li Shanduo
Published: May 2023

An increasing number of railway tunnels are afflicted with railway tunnel lining diseases. Through on-site detection of lining diseases in double-track railway tunnels, this paper analyzed its causative factors and developed a section steel arch frame lining reinforcement. Through a simulation of its mechanical performance, both the steel plate and concrete met the tensile strength code requirements for railway tunnel design (TB 10003-2016). It effectively repaired the damage from lining diseases under narrow-site and short maintenance “window” time conditions without affecting the normal operation of catenary and power supply facilities. This reinforcement has great practical significance and broad application prospects.
Thermodynamics of Silicon Nanowire Growth under Unintended Oxidation of Catalytic Particles
Authors: Nebol’sin Valeriy A. , Levchenko Elena V. , Yuryev Vladimir , Swaikat Nada
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we focus on the thermodynamics of redox reactions occurring during the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of silicon nanowires (NWs) with the participation of liquid solutions of metal catalysts. The growth of NWs is difficult with the participation of Ti, Al, and Mg particles; this is because in this case, the drops of the metal catalyst are strongly oxidized and crystals either do not form at all or are characterized by instability in the direction of growth. However, the particles of Cu, Ni, and Fe give a much more stable growth of NWs. We have also established that if the oxide film of catalytic particles is formed by the basic metal oxides, then the silicon-NWs' growth slows down. In this work, we have concluded that only metals with a lower chemical affinity for O2 than Si are applicable as catalysts for the NWs' growth.
Bar Adsorbent Microextraction with Carbon-Based Sorbent Layers for the Identification of Pharmaceutic Substances
Authors: Thenmozhi S. , Gowri V. , Vinayaka K. S. , Singh Ravindra Pratap , Vel V. M. , Yusuf Kareem , Aljuwayid Ahmed muteb , Islam Md Ataul , Diriba Abdi
Published: May 2023

Thirteen carbon materials were tested as sorbent layers in bar adsorbent microextraction (BA μE) to monitor hint amounts of 10 common pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) in surface and groundwater matrices such as surface and groundwater, saltwater, spring water, and sewage. The persistence of trace amounts of three organophosphate insect repellent and cis and trans permethrin (PERM) in water quality matrices is suggested using bar adsorptive microextraction in conjunction with microliquid dissolution accompanied by significant volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopic analysis able to operate in the particular ion monitoring acquisition mode. Using BA μE to compare several sorbent coatings (five porous carbon and six polymers), it was discovered that activated carbon (AC2) was the optimum compromise among specificity and effectiveness. 17-estradiol, estrone, sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, triclosan, gemfibrozil, 17-ethinylestradiol, mefenamic acid, and clofibric acid were chosen as system drugs to represent different treatment groups. Despite their lower porosity, statistics revealed that low-T-activated hydrochars, made from carbohydrates and a eutectic salt mixture at constant temperature (e.g., 180°C) and autogenerated pressures, could compete at the top level commercially carbonaceous materials in this purpose. These L-T-activated hydrochars had the best overall recovery (between 21.8 and 83.5 percent) for the simultaneous analysis of ten targeted PhCs with very different physical and chemical possessions, utilizing higher-efficiency liquid chromatography diode array identification.
Hearing Loss Diagnosis and Management in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Danyluk Alexandria , Jacob Rafik
Published: May 2023

Hearing loss is a common concern in patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), and early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent negative impacts on communication, cognition, socialization, safety, and mental health. Despite a lack of the literature specifically focused on hearing loss in adults with IDD, there is a substantial body of research demonstrating the prevalence of hearing loss in this population. This literature review examines the diagnosis and management of hearing loss in adult patients with IDD, with a focus on primary care considerations. Primary care providers must be aware of the unique needs and presentations of patients with IDD to ensure appropriate screening and treatment. This review highlights the importance of early detection and intervention, as well as the need for further research to guide clinical practice in this patient population.
Natural Factorization of Linear Control Systems through Parallel Gathering of Simple Systems
Authors: Carriegos M. V.
Published: May 2023

Linear systems over vector spaces and feedback morphisms form an additive category taking into account the parallel gathering of linear systems. This additive category has a minimal exact structure and thus a notion of simple systems as those systems have no subsystems apart from zero and themselves. The so-called single-input systems are proven to be exactly the simple systems in the category of reachable systems over vector spaces. The category is also proven to be semisimple in objects because every reachable linear system is decomposed in a finite parallel gathering of simple systems. Hence, decomposition result is fulfilled for linear systems and feedback morphisms, but category of reachable linear systems is not abelian semisimple because it is not balanced and hence fails to be abelian. Finally, it is conjectured that the category of linear systems and feedback actions is in fact semiabelian; some threads to find the result and consequences are also given.
TCSC Application for Transient Stabilization of Wind Turbine with Fixed Speed Induction Generator
Authors: Sobhani Hossein , Jannesar Mohammad Rasol , Hasanvand Saeed , Khaledian Amir
Published: May 2023

Wind turbines (WTs) are a desirable alternative to traditional nonrenewable power resources as a result of recent environmental concerns. Some of them are fixed speed wind generator (FSWG) and have been integrated to power system by squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG). Induction machine absorbs reactive power during all operating conditions, especially at fault condition may result in severe voltage drop which can lead to generator outage. This outage disconnects a significant amount of active power and consequently leads to frequency instability. In order to prevent induction generator (IG) outages in short circuit failures, this paper investigates thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) device as a candidate solution. TCSC compensates the IG terminal voltage drop by adjusting transmission line impedance at fault condition. In the proposed method, a metaheuristic technique means that shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) has been utilized to optimize the TCSC controller gains. The proposed scheme can be applied for both SCIGs and wound rotor induction generators (WRIGs) which is another advantage of this method. Single-machine infinite bus system is considered as case study, and various operating conditions and disturbances have been considered to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Revolutionizing TOD Planning in a Developing Country: An Objective-Weighted Framework for Measuring Nodal TOD Index
Authors: Uddin Md. Anwar , Tamanna Tahsin , Adiba Saima , Bin Kabir Sadib
Published: May 2023

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning strategy that combines land use and transportation planning to promote economic, environmental, and social sustainability. While developed cities have embraced TOD, developing cities need to adopt it faster. This has resulted in a need for robust TOD measurement frameworks for developing countries. Furthermore, existing frameworks often use subjective weightage for different TOD indicators, which can lead to human biases. To address these issues, the authors aimed to develop a more robust and objective framework for measuring TOD in developing cities, particularly Dhaka, Bangladesh. The authors used density, diversity, destination accessibility, and design criteria to select eight indicators for measuring TOD. However, a buffer radius of 800 meters was taken for each of the 17 stations to calculate TOD. An objective-weighted spatial multi-criteria analysis (OSMCA) was used to evaluate the framework. The model’s robustness was assessed by analyzing the sensitivity of eight TOD scenarios and identifying hotspot clusters using statistical methods. Additionally, the authors ranked the stations based on the highest TOD score and compared TOD with developed and developing cities to gain planning insights. They proposed three different TOD planning methodologies for nodes that emphasize the importance of design, destination access, and density for (re)development, zoning, and affordable housing policies in Dhaka’s regions. Finally, the study discussed limitations and future research priorities.
A Prediction Model Based on the Long Electrode Source for Fault Anomaly in Tunnel
Authors: Hu Daiming , Liu Hao , Yang Xiaodong , Yue Mingxin
Published: May 2023

The resistivity method has been widely used to predict the water-bearing structure of tunnels. The traditional resistivity uses the point electrode (PE) source in the tunnel to excite the electric field. Because the tunnel face is inaccessible, its exploration depth is limited and small. In order to overcome this problem, the horizontal pilot hole is used as the long electrode (LE) source in the tunnel. We use the finite element method (FEM) to establish a three-dimensional modeling algorithm for tunnel detection using a long electrode source. The accuracy of the algorithm is verified by using the long electrode source model. By a lot of numerical simulations, a prediction model of a long electrode source for tunnel detection is firstly proposed. The predicted results show that it has good applicability in detecting long-distance anomaly. The comparison of the long electrode source and point electrode source models shows that the detection depth of the long electrode prediction model is farther than that of the point electrode source. This long electrode source method can improve the construction efficiency and effectively prevent water inrush in the tunnel.
High Performance on a Pragmatic Task May Not Be the Result of Successful Reasoning: On the Importance of Eliciting Participants’ Reasoning Strategies
Authors: Mayn Alexandra , Demberg Vera
Published: May 2023

Formal probabilistic models, such as the Rational Speech Act model, are widely used for formalizing the reasoning involved in various pragmatic phenomena, and when a model achieves good fit to experimental data, that is interpreted as evidence that the model successfully captures some of the underlying processes. Yet how can we be sure that participants’ performance on the task is the result of successful reasoning and not of some feature of experimental setup? In this study, we carefully manipulate the properties of the stimuli that have been used in several pragmatics studies and elicit participants’ reasoning strategies. We show that certain biases in experimental design inflate participants’ performance on the task. We then repeat the experiment with a new version of stimuli which is less susceptible to the identified biases, obtaining a somewhat smaller effect size and more reliable estimates of individual-level performance.
Khālid al-Kātib in the Biographical Tradition
Authors: Tobkin Jennifer
Published: May 2023

Khālid al-Kātib is the author of more than 500 love poems and was associated with several notables of the Abbasid court, including Ibrāhīm b. al-Mahdī. Male-male love is a major theme in Khālid’s poetry and akhbār. Abū Tammām figures prominently in the biographical anecdotes about Khālid, both as an admirer and an adversary. Khālid’s akhbār in Kitāb al-Aghānī, Taʾrīkh Baghdād, and other sources provide insights into his relationships with his contemporaries while leaving open many questions about life, love, and poetry in Abbasid Baghdad.
Endovascular Management of A Symptomatic Giant Hepatic Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Clark Anthony , Hicks Adam C. , Cheadle Gerald , Wayne Erik , Dwivedi Amit , Sigdel Abindra
Published: May 2023

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) are an uncommon clinical condition. Ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm carries a high incidence of mortality. Traditionally, they are treated with open surgical resection; however, endovascular aneurysm exclusion is an alternative option to open repair in select patients who have suitable anatomy. Here, we present a case of a giant hepatic artery aneurysm treated with a covered stent placement.
Creative Self-Beliefs Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ginns Paul , Martin Andrew J , Freebody Kelly , Anderson Michael , O’Connor Peter
Published: May 2023

Young people’s confidence in their creative abilities, as well as their beliefs about whether these abilities are fixed or malleable, play potentially important roles in educators’ efforts to foster creativity. This study explores a multidimensional model of young people’s creative self-beliefs that comprises creative self-efficacy, growth-creative mindsets, and fixed-creative mindsets. It operationalizes and tests this model via a new three-factor instrument appropriate for young samples. Drawing on data from 2980 children and adolescents (mean age 12–13 years), confirmatory factor analysis established the construct validity of the scales, and hence, the multidimensional concepts underpinning creative self-beliefs. All measures evinced suitable levels of reliability, and invariance analysis supported configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender, language background, and school type. Findings supported the convergent and divergent validity of scales against Big Five (openness and conscientiousness) personality measures. Implications of this three-factor creative self-beliefs model for researchers, educational practitioners, and youth are discussed.