AN AUTOPSY BASED TWO YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL LESIONS OF LUNGS
Authors: Jatiya Noratan , Rajak Vijay , Joshi Jigyasu 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The lungs are affected by a wide range of infectious, inammatory, occupational, and
neoplastic disorders. Thousands of individuals worldwide suffer from many of these avoidable and
treatable pulmonary diseases. Additionally, the lungs play a secondary role in numerous fatal illnesses of the body. Despite
advances in clinical, radiological, and other diagnostic modalities, including available invasive procedures, it is still not
always possible to accurately diagnose underlying pathological processes. In these situations, autopsy-based
histomorphological examination of the lungs serves as a useful tool for understanding pathophysiology and disease
progression from the perspectives of pathologists and researchers. To study the various chang Aims and Objective: es in
lungs,submitted for autopsy,involved in different pathological conditions and to understand their diagnostic, preventive,
curative importance as well as application in research activity. This prospective study includ Material and Method: es a gross
and histopathogical evaluation of 220 autopsied lungs (Pieces and occasionally Whole) that were received at the pathology
department of RNT Medical College in Udaipur over a two-year period (January 22–December 23). A total of 202 specimens
were investigated after 18 of the 220 lung specimens were autolyzed and removed from the study. After the specimens were
xed in 10% formalin, they were processed according to protocol, parafn sectioning was done followed by Hematoxylene and
Eosin (H and E) staining was applied, with the use of specic stains as needed. Data from police inquiries, autopsy reports, and
received clinical histories have been correlated with our microscopic and gross results. 202 Results: lung specimens ranging in
age from 0 to 75 years were examined in detail, both grossly and microscopically. Of them, 88 instances (43.56%) impacted the
age group of 31 to 45 years, followed by 16 to 30 years. Compared to women (46,22.72%), men were signicantly more affected
(156,77.22%). According to chronological sequence, the most frequent lesions were congestion and pulmonary edema
(47.52%), followed by pneumonia (14.35%), emphysema (8.41%), tuberculosis (6.93%) and Congestion, pulmonary edema
including intra-alveolar hemorrhages (5.44%) seen. In addition, cases of numerous other diseases, such as ARDS, chronic
bronchitis, lung abscess, aspiration pneumonitis, and pulmonary thromboembolism, are found upon gross and microscopic
examination. Additionally, there are two cases of primary malignancy, one each of squamous cell carcinoma and
adenocarcinoma, and one case of metastatis in varying proportions. Despite excessive attempts, we were unable to identify
any pathology in 15 tissues (7.42%). The results of this study show that, des Conclusions: pite major advancements in current
diagnostic pathology, infectious and inammatory lesions remain the most frequently encountered entities and cause a
considerable amount of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the importance of autopsies has not diminished; they are still
crucial for learning and evaluating the disease processes as well as a supplemental tool for identifying and evaluating
respiratory disorders.