bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technique of Excision of Double Head Pterygium with Conjunctival Autograft from both Eyes
Authors: Rosul Md. Golam , Muna Amena Binte Yusuf , Jahan Tarana , Mahmud Shahriar , Tussie Rumana
Published: October 2024

Background: Pterygium is not just a degenerative disease, but may be a proliferative disorder of the ocular surface. 
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe a technique of conjunctival autograft from both eyes for primary double head pterygium and evaluate its post operative result.
Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of Ophthalmology at Monno Medical College, Manikganj, Bangladesh from July 2022 to December 2022 for duration of six months. After fulfill the selection criteria underwent conjunctival autograft from both eyes. Primary outcome measure was recurrence rate, graft retraction, Tenon's granuloma, dellen formation.
Results: The highest patients belong to 35 to 45 years age group is about 18(60.0%) in this study. The number of male patients was 10 and that of female patient 20. There was no recurrence in this study. However, there were postoperative oedema (6.66%), sub-conjunctival haemorrhage (63.33%), graft retraction (20.0%), dellen (0.0%), Tenon’s granuloma (10.0%).
Conclusion: In conclusion conjunctival autograft from both eyes appears to be successful technique with 0 recurrence rate in treating double head pterygium.
Journal of Monno Medical College June, 2024;10 (1):03-06
Comparison of different diagnostic methods in infants for differentiating idiopathic neonatal hepatitis from biliary atresia
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul , Rahman Mosfika , Hassan Md Namely , Islam ANM Shamsul , Rahman Mohammad Ahmadur , Alam Md Shafiul , Biswas Rana Kumar , Karim ASM Bazlul , Rukunuzzaman Md
Published: October 2024

Background: Biliary atresia (BA) and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (INH) are two most common etiologies of neonatal cholestatic jaundice. It is important to distinguish INH from BA biliary atresia in an infant. The study was conducted to compare of different diagnostic methods in infants in differentiating INH and BA. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, BSMMU during the period from July 2018 to June 2019 among infants with neonatal cholestasis. Total 50 cholestatitic cases were selected through purposive sampling. A thorough history and physical examination were done and liver enzymes were studied. Abdominal ultrasonography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver biopsy were done in all cases. Clinical parameter and investigational sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic precision were calculated. To diagnose BA and INH, liver biopsy was considered the gold standard. Results: Among the participants, 72% were diagnosed as BA and 28% were INH. More than half of patients were male. There exists significant difference of birth weight and term baby between BA and INH. Presence of persistent pale coloured stool was more commonly seen in patients with BA. Diagnostic accuracy of persistent pale coloured stool, birth weight (normal) and term baby were 94%, 92% & 88% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of Gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in differentiating cases with BA and INH with cut point of ≥430.0 U/L were 86.1% and 85.7%, respectively. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is found to have a better sensitivity than ultrasonography. GGT had diagnostic accuracy 86%, hepatobiliary scintigraphy had diagnostic accuracy 88% & USG had diagnostic accuracy 80% for BA and INH. Conclusion: Among the studied clinical parameters persistent pale coloured stool was most accurate to suggest the presence of BA. Serum level of GGT at cut-off value ≥ 430 U/L may be used as a reliable laboratory parameter to differentiate INH and BA. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy found to have a good sensitivity for BA. Positive result of hepatobiliary scintigraphy may be used as BA in infants with cholestasis.
JOPSOM 2023; 42(1):14-20
Conspiracy belief regarding emerging viral infection among healthcare professionals
Authors: Mithun Sangita , Irfan SM Nurul , Abbas Md Golam
Published: October 2024

Background: In the recent past, newly appeared emerging and re-emerging viruses causing unexpected illness and epidemics among humans, wildlife and livestock causing threat to the public health. During onset of any pandemic, there was always an embrace of conspiracy theory regarding the pandemic along with several misconceptions, misperception and stigma among the general population. The study aimed to assess the state of conspiracy belief regarding emerging viral infection among the healthcare professionals working in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during July and September 2022 among conveniently selected 254 healthcare professionals working in CMH Dhaka. Data were collected through face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire with validated and reliable tools. Results: Among the 254 respondents, 53.9% were male with a mean age (±SD) of 30.54 (6.36) years. More than twothird (72.8%) were graduate, married (62.6%), mostly Muslim (89.4%) and non-smoker (80.3%) with an average (±SD) monthly income of 83740.16 (57456.80). Highest (45.3%) of the respondents were permanently posted and only 33.5% attended any seminar/workshop/symposium in last six months. Job pattern (β=0.199, p<0.007) and attended any seminar/workshop/symposium (β=-0.149, p<0.01) were determined as significant predictors for conspiracy belief regarding emerging viral infection through hierarchical analysis. Marital status of the respondents was also identified as significant socio-economic issues conspiracy belief in emerging viral infection. Conclusion: The adoption of conspiracy belief regarding emerging viral infection demands appropriate public health intervention as well as awareness among the general population specially health care professionals as evident from our study.
JOPSOM 2023; 42(1):1-6
Profile of Homicidal Death Cases: One-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Mustafa Sumon Al Rashid  , Rowshon Ara Begum  , Nahima Akter  , Md Arifuzzaman Chowdhury  , Mohammad Shakil
Published: October 2024

Background: Homicide is regarded as a notorious crime against the society that causes intentional killing, aggravated assaults resulting in death. Nowadays, the incidence of homicide is increasing worldwide and it is a matter of great concern all over the world and it has significant consequence for both social and economic security of the people as well as national development. Objective: This study was aimed to describe the pattern homicidal behavior and the relationships among socio-demographic characteristics. Materials and Methods:  A record-based retrospective cross-sectional study includes 180 cases of homicide out of the total of 1296 medico-legal autopsies conducted at Forensic Medicine Department of Dhaka Medical College during the year from July 2021 to June 2022. Results: A total number of 1296 medico-legal autopsies were conducted, of them 180(13.89%) cases were homicide and others (RTA, suicide, fall from height, poisoning, hanging, burn) were 1116(86.11%). Out of 180 homicidal death, most of them were 30-40 age group 66(36.67%), 144 cases were male (80 %) and 36 were female (20 %) whereas considering religion, the majority were Muslim 156 in number (86.67%) and the rest were of other religion. Among the homicidal death married were 150 (83.33%), in case of occupation most of them were Jobholder 39 (21.67%). According to the method of homicide, stab wound was the favorite homicide method used over victims 60(33.33%), 36(20%) cases were chop, 30(16.67%) cases were gunshot & strangulation and 24(13.33%) cases were others causes. Regarding place of residence of most of them were from Shahbag thana 108(60%). Conclusion: Stab wound was the favorite homicide method in Bangladesh and the most common age of the victims were 30-40 age group. The usefulness of the data in the scientific community is the database of homicide that should be advantageous for pathologists and forensic scientists work and particularly to be a guideline for homicide investigations in Bangladesh.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 15, No: 01, April 2024: 25-28.
Giá trị công việc của sinh viên thế hệ Z khối ngành kinh doanh và quản lý tại Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Tuấn Tài , Dương Công Doanh
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là chỉ ra những giá trị công việc mà sinh viên khối ngành kinh doanh và quản lý ưu tiên khi tìm kiếm việc làm, đồng thời chỉ ra những khác biệt về giá trị công việc giữa những sinh viên này và doanh nghiệp tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu được xây dựng dựa trên Lý thuyết Thế hệ, thang đo giá trị công việc từ các nghiên cứu trước, kiểm định Welch được sử dụng để so sánh sự khác biệt của mẫu gồm 513 quan sát bao gồm cả sinh viên và doanh nghiệp. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có sự khác biệt đáng kể trong giá trị xã hội và thời gian nghỉ ngơi giữa sinh viên và doanh nghiệp tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu đã làm phong phú thêm hiểu biết về giá trị công việc, kết nối giữa doanh nghiệp và những người sắp bước chân vào doanh nghiệp. Bên cạnh đó là đưa ra hàm ý cho nhà quản trị trong việc thu hút, đào tạo phát triển và giữ chân nhân tài.
Digital Evolution: Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Local Dialects and Lexicon; An Examination of Central Kurdish Language
Authors: Al-jaf Shokhan Anwar Hassan , Al-Jaf Khoshi Anwer Hasan , Hesen Mezin
Published: October 2024

This study suggests a digital linguistic approach to multi-mediated communication (MMC), drawing on a case study of language variation on social media. In the early 21st century, social media (SM) has significantly impacted various aspects of human life, including language, as articulated within the theoretical framework of digital linguistics and language variation. This study explores the influence of SM on Kurdish local dialects in Iraqi Kurdistan, with a focus on vocabulary evolution and the ongoing challenge of dialect standardization. Given the high unemployment rates in Iraq, which have led to increased SM engagement, this research examines how these platforms affect dialect usage across diverse demographic groups. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates qualitative content analysis and quantitative surveys to assess SM's role in shaping linguistic practices. Findings reveal thatolder generations are more likely to maintain traditional dialects, while younger users increasingly adopt standardized Kurdish forms. The study highlights SM's dual impact: promoting linguistic convergence while posing risks to dialectal diversity. It emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that supports regional dialects alongside the benefits of standardization, advocating for strategic initiatives to preserve linguistic heritage while adapting to digital influences.
Harmonizing Languages: The Impact of Multilingual Classroom Dynamics on Teaching Indonesian in Taiwan
Authors: Sipahutar Rini , Chang Te-Sheng
Published: October 2024

This case study investigates the intricate interplay of multilingualism, specifically in Chinese and English, and its consequential impact on the language of instruction in the context of teaching Indonesian as a foreign language in Taiwan. This research delves into the nuances of language pedagogy within a multicultural and multilingual educational setting. This study employs case study methodology, gathering data through classroom observations and openended student questionnaires. Additionally, students' progress, as evidenced by assignments and feedback, serves as a quantitative indicator to measure the influence of multilingualism on their language learning journey. Key objectives include examining student preferences and perceptions on the use of Chinese and English in Indonesian language course instruction. The research explores instances of code-switching and code-mixing, shedding light on the dynamic language choices of instructors and learners. Through an analysis of student progress, the study aims to discern tangible outcomes associated with the multilingual approach. The results show that students found the classroom dynamics positive and motivating, enhancing their learning experience. Local students benefited from using Chinese, while international students appreciated the multilingual approach, though some noted occasional delays in translation. Overall, the study provides insights into the benefits and challenges of multilingualism in Indonesian language instruction in Taiwan, contributing to discussions on effective practices in multilingual education.
Exploring experiences of mothers of children with thalassemia major in Indonesia: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Dewi Nelly Hermala , Setyowati  , Novieastari Enie , Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri , Allenidekania
Published: October 2024

Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disorder that poses significant challenges for affected children and their families. Caregivers, particularly mothers, often experience difficulties in managing their child’s condition. Understanding their current experience is crucial for improving care and support.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of mothers caring for children with thalassemia in Banten, Indonesia.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, involving semi-structured in-depth interviews with eleven mothers of children diagnosed with thalassemia. Data were collected from April to May 2023. The interviews were audio recorded, and the data were analyzed verbatim using Colaizzi’s method to identify key themes related to the experiences.
Results: Three themes were developed: 1) Perception of thalassemia as a genetic condition, 2) Emotional, logistical, and practical caregiving challenges, and 3) Support received by mothers in caring for children with thalassemia.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the multifaceted challenges faced by mothers of children with thalassemia and emphasize the need for improved communication, emotional support, and care coordination from nurses and healthcare providers. Future research should focus on expanding support systems and exploring effective interventions to enhance the quality of life for families navigating the complexities of chronic illness.
Patient-centered care model based on self-efficacy to improve self-care and quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A PLS-SEM approach
Authors: Rondhianto Rondhianto , Ridla Akhmad Zainur , Murtaqib Murtaqib , Kushariyadi Kushariyadi , Zulfatul A'la Muhamad
Published: October 2024

Background: The current model for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is healthcare provider-centered rather than patient-centered. This approach may overlook individual patients’ unique needs, potentially impacting the effectiveness of T2DM management goals.
Objective: This study aimed to develop a patient-centered care model based on self-efficacy to enhance self-care and improve the quality of life for individuals with T2DM.
Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 250 respondents recruited through multistage random sampling, Jember regency, East Java, Indonesia. The study variables included exogenous factors (people with T2DM, situational treatment, family, and healthcare services) and endogenous factors (self-efficacy, self-care, and quality of life). Data were collected from August to December 2022 using a questionnaire and analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SEM-PLS.
Results: The developed model was a good fit with strong predictive relevance (SRMR = 0.065; Q2 = 0.049). All exogenous factors—people with T2DM, situational treatment, family, and healthcare services—significantly affected self-efficacy (42.2%, 37%, 8.1%, and 17.3%; p <0.001). Self-efficacy had a 61.6% effect on self-care, and self-care had a 27.1% effect on quality of life (p <0.001). Only situational treatment factors had a direct effect on self-care (21.7%; p <0.001). All exogenous factors also influenced the quality of life through self-efficacy and self-care (7%, 6.2%, 1.3%, and 2.9%; p <0.05).
Conclusions: A patient-centered care model based on self-efficacy for managing T2DM can improve self-care behaviors and quality of life for individuals with T2DM. This model can be utilized by nurses in healthcare services to enhance the management of T2DM.
Rainbow within and beyond: A qualitative study on the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender staff nurses in the Philippine hospital settings
Authors: Galanza Jefferson , Picpican Renee Rio , Jimenez Julianne , Ambre Charlize Mei , Lumang-ay Jemimah , Flores Shannen , Benito Jon Patrick , Servanda Christian John , Damasen Charles Joseph , Castillo Rechelle Mae , Soriano Alexandria Gabrielle
Published: October 2024

Background: An individual’s sexual orientation plays a fundamental role in their self-identity, relationships, and health. Years have shown both progressive and regressive responses to the LGBT community’s social acceptance, particularly observable in various areas. Yet existing literature overlooks the Filipino healthcare settings, particularly with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) staff nurses. Exploring their perspectives and experiences, whether challenges or successes, is crucial for gaining insights into occupational matters, workplace dynamics, and policy development.
Objective: The research aimed to explore the lived experiences of LGBT staff nurses in the hospital settings.
Methods: Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology research design was utilized in this study. Participants included LGBT staff nurses with at least a year of experience at any hospital department. Individualized unstructured interviews were conducted with three participants interviewed face-to-face and five through online video conferencing platforms from March to April 2024. All interviews were transcribed, coded, themed, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s approach. Data saturation was achieved with eight participants.
Results: Seven themes emerged, including: Recognizing Gender Stereotypes, Optimizing Nursing Care, Yearning for Acceptance, Generating Meaningful Relationships, Battling Heteronormative Gender Norms, Inspiring Potentials beyond Gender and Profession, and Valuing the Progress of LGBT Inclusivity.
Conclusion: The study revealed that LGBT staff nurses had multifaceted experiences with patients, colleagues, and superiors in the hospital settings as their workplace. They faced gender stereotyping and battled against limits on expression but fought to defend their authentic identities.  They built relationships with colleagues and strived to be defined beyond societal perceptions. As they yearn for amplified LGBT acceptance in the workplace and society, they expressed gratitude for progress towards acceptance of the LGBT community.
Psychometric properties of the New General Self-Efficacy Scale for Vietnamese persons with colorectal cancer
Authors: Hong Hanh Tran Thi , Thanasilp Sureeporn , Pudtong Noppamat
Published: October 2024

Background: There are currently no specific tools available to assess self-efficacy among Vietnamese individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) post-surgery. Translating and evaluating the psychometric properties of the New General Self-Efficacy Scale (NGSE) for use in the Vietnamese population could help address this gap.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Vietnamese version of the NGSE scale.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 120 individuals aged 20-59 with CRC post-surgery, recruited through a multi-stage sampling technique from three hospitals in Vietnam. The scale was translated into Vietnamese using Brislin’s technique. Content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Index for item (I-CVI) and for scale (S-CVI). Construct validity was examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability was measured using Cronbach’s α coefficients.
Results: The findings showed an I-CVI of 1.00 and an S-CVI of 1.00, indicating excellent content validity. The Cronbach’s α for the NGSE was 0.95, indicating excellent internal consistency. CFA results showed that all eight items fit well within a unidimensional structure (X2 = 48.936, p >0.05, df = 24, X2/df = 2.04, RMSEA = 0.078, CFI = 0.979, TLI = 0.971, SRMR = 0.023). Factor loadings for each item ranged from 0.798 to 0.901.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the NGSE scale demonstrates good psychometric properties as applied to the Vietnamese individuals examined in this study. This instrument can be regularly utilized in clinical settings to identify key concerns in colorectal cancer patients’ care and facilitate appropriate nursing interventions to enhance self-efficacy in this population effectively.
LONG-TERM ENERGY DEMAND THROUGH BOTTOM-UP ANALYSIS AND PROJECTION FOR KUWAIT
Authors:   Energy and Building Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, Hussain Naser
Published: October 2024

In this study, an energy demand projection and analysis were conducted for the State of Kuwait, which has an oil-based economy. A bottom-up approach was used to conduct energy demand projection and analysis by utilizing the Model for Energy Demand Analysis (MAED), which is a software package developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The energy demand projection was conducted until 2050, with 2019 as the base year. The total demand is expected to grow from 210.9 TWh in 2019 to 373.07 TWh in 2050. The industrial sector dominates final energy demand, with a percentage of 45.1% in 2019 and is expected to reach 55.8% by 2050. Reliance on fossil fuels for energy demand will persist with an annual growth rate of 4% throughout the projection period. The electricity demand in the household and service sectors has the highest share of space cooling during the long summer months. Policy implications in response to energy demand consumption patterns are discussed to achieve national sustainable economic growth and environmental requirements. The implementation of rules and regulations to deploy and use equipment and machinery with high energy efficiency ratings will assist in energy savings in the industrial sector. Providing incentives to use building materials with high insulation can significantly reduce the energy demand for space cooling. Setting high-efficiency rating standards for engine specifications for vehicles imported to Kuwait will help reduce the consumption of motor fuels in the transportation sector.
GRANTEES INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
Authors:   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, M. Gamayon Jaycee , Brylle B. Serentas Neil ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, S. Gambe Mellanie ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, E. Balisi Ryan ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to provide grantees with, scholarship in-charges, and bookkeepers tools to help them manage their daily tasks while interacting with a grantees information system. The study also intends to assess the system's adoption and efficacy using the TAM theory. A 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire is used by the researchers. In addition, there are thirtyseven (37) respondents from various year levels and courses at St. Peters College. Respondents were encouraged to use the grantees' information system. As a result of the evaluation, the majority of respondents accepted the Grantees Information System. The results show that the system has a favorable impact and benefits grantees, scholarship in-charges, and bookkeepers.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF DIGITALIZED ATTENDANCE SYSTEMS FOR VARIOUS INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Computer Engineering Department Madhuben and Bhanubhai Patel Institute of Technology, CVM University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India, Vadwala Akshar
Published: October 2024

With Technological and Digital change, it has become mandatory to keep an eye on attendance in educational and workplace settings. This change brings more novel digitalized methods of attending. The reasons behind adapting this are ways that reduce the time consumed in attendance as time wasted on attendance through the traditional pen-and-paper method. Overcoming all these limitations and to give more convenience, the development of the digitalized attendance system has come into being. These technologies use RFID sensors, Bluetooth devices, Wi-fi networks, Facial recognition, and Fingerprint decentralizing sensors that make the whole process close to error-free and very much accurate attendance tracking methods. This paper reviews the recent developments which have taken place in digitalized attendance systems by applying and incorporating relevant technology for efficiency. This presentation forms the very basis for a comprehensive analytical evaluation through an indepth exploration of technology, implementable domains, and key discoveries.
TENDERPRENEURSHIP: AN APPRAISAL OF THE NATURE OF STATE-DEPENDENT CULTURE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NAMIBIA
Authors:   PhD Professor and Dean, Musema Zombo Morris ,   Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Kikwit, DR Congo, Associate researcher, Centre d‟Etudes des Modes d‟ Industrialisation, EHEES-Paris France, Kavey Gurvy ,   PhD Head of Department, Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Namibia, Kahundu Jermia ,   Head of Taxation, Ministry of Finance, Kavango East Regional Office, Rundu, Namibia
Published: October 2024

This paper answers the question “to what extend the tenderpreneurship contribute to the developing countries ‘economy and to the behavioral practices of companies that had a bottom line solely based on the acquisition of tenders as well?This exploratory study of the business environment and opportunities generated by tenders in Namibia, analyzes the dialogue space between tenderpreneurship and entrepreneurship. It shows the usefulness of the public policies responsible for the corruption, unemployment, wait-and-see behaviors of the complicit companies that lead the practices of tenderpreneurship.
Socio-Demographic Factors Affecting Women’s Activity in Society
Authors: Султанова Ш. Г.
Published: October 2024

The socio-demographic factors influencing the activity of women in the society, as well as the causes of negative consequences such as anxiety, increase in conflict, decrease in emotional stability and initiative, decrease in social activity, deterioration of the indicator of social-psychological characteristics of a person are considered in the article. At the same time, in the results of the research conducted by the author, the differentiation of indicators of social activity is presented. Any changes that take place in the society cause women to lose their almost achieved achievements, as well as cause a sharp decline in their social status. It is known that in the process of forming a person as a person, he enters into many social relationships, at the same time; he performs a number of socio-psychological roles.
The Depiction of Childhood in English Fairy Tales and Folklore
Authors: Alieva M. , Muratova A.
Published: October 2024

This article explores the depiction of childhood in English fairy tales and folklore, analyzing key aspects and symbolism associated with the image of the child. The study examines how cultural perceptions of childhood, upbringing, and the social role of the child are conveyed through fairy tale plots and characters. It identifies the main archetypes and motifs present in English folklore and their influence on the perception of childhood in the English-speaking world. The article also discusses the significance of these motifs in shaping national identity and instilling values in the younger generation.
The Role of Kinesics in the Formation of Idiomatic Expressions in Russian and English
Authors: Alieva M. , Ibraeva K.
Published: October 2024

The article explores the influence of kinesic phenomena, such as gestures and body movements, on the development of idiomatic expressions in both languages. It examines how culturally specific gestures and physical actions are verbalized and incorporated into idiomatic phrases, reflecting the unique cultural perceptions and communicative practices of Russian and English speakers. By conducting a comparative linguistic analysis, the study identifies similarities and differences in the way kinesics is integrated into idiomatic expressions, highlighting the role of nonverbal communication in language formation and its impact on the semantic richness of idioms. The findings of this research underscore the importance of understanding the cultural and linguistic contexts in which idiomatic expressions are used, offering insights for translators, linguists, and intercultural communication specialists.
Media Text: Technology of Influence on the Audience
Authors: Kabataikyzy A.
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the analysis of media texts as tools for influencing public opinion and behavior. It examines key concepts of media texts, their components, as well as manipulation technologies used to shape audience attitudes and beliefs. The study explores methods of emotional and rational influence employed in media texts, such as fact selection, framing, stereotyping, and context omission. It also addresses the issues of fake news and disinformation, which have become increasingly relevant in the digital age. The conclusion highlights the importance of critical media literacy in successfully countering manipulative media content. In the context of globalization and digitalization, the role of media texts in public life is growing, and their ability to impact audiences has become an important subject of analysis. The main goal of this article is to analyze the mechanisms through which media texts influence audiences and to identify key technologies used for manipulating consciousness.
Metaphor as a Means of Expression in the Media
Authors: Kabataikyzy A.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the role of metaphor as a means of expressiveness in mass media (MM). It analyzes examples of metaphors from Kyrgyz newspapers, particularly from the publication “Slovo Kyrgyzstana”, emphasizing their emotional impact and ability to create vivid imagery. Based on theoretical approaches to the study of metaphors in media texts, the main functions of metaphorical expressions that contribute to a deeper perception of information are identified. Special attention is given to the role of metaphor in addressing socio-political and economic issues, as well as cultural processes.
Grammatical meaning of the prefix ber- in the Gurindam Dua Belas by Raja Ali Haji (Morphological study)
Authors: Sukma Sukma , Nasution Khairina , Deliana Deliana , Widayati Dwi
Published: October 2024

This research aims to find out the grammatical meaning of the prefix ber- in Gurindam Dua Belas by Raja Ali Haji. This research is library research using a qualitative approach. The data in this research is the forms of the prefix ber- contained in the text Gurindam Dua Belas by Raja Ali Haji. The data collection techniques used are listening techniques and note-taking techniques. This research uses Ramlan's structural morphology theory which then analyzes the data using the agih method with the expansion technique to determine the grammatical meaning of the prefix ber-. The results of the research are that there are 18 words that use the prefix ber- in Gurindam Dua Belas by Raja Ali with the allomorph forms ber- and bel-. The grammatical meaning of the prefix ber found in the context of sentences in Gurindam Dua Belas can be interpreted literally or is still continuous with its lexical meaning such as the words bertiang, bersungguh-sungguh, berjalan, berbuat, berbahagia, berilmu, bertanya, belajar, berakal, bercampur, berkata-kata, berguru, berseteru, berjasa, and beroleh. Apart from that, the prefix ber- was also found which has a figurative meaning, causing implied meanings to emerge, such as in the words bertanah and berkuda. Lastly, the use of the prefix ber- in classical Malay was discovered so that if it was not related to the context, the word could have a different meaning today, such as the word berperi.
Conceptualization of the metaphor of body parts lisanun ’tongue’ in the Koran: Cognitive semantic study
Authors: Fathurrohim Ilham Hanif , Nur Tajudin
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the conceptualization of the metaphor of body parts lisanun 'tongue' in the Koran. The Koran, as a guide for Muslims not only uses denotative language to convey meaning, but also figurative language, one of the variants of which is metaphor. Metaphors are basically not just words but involve the human cognitive side as well. Therefore, to understand the message in the Koran, a deep understanding of the conceptualization of metaphor is required. One of the things that is often used as a metaphorical expression is parts of the human body. Therefore, it is an object that is close to human life. This research is descriptive and qualitative in nature, with the Koran as the data source. Data were analyzed using conceptual meaning theory, according to Lakoff and Johnson. The results of the research show that the body part 'tongue' in the Koran is often used metaphorically to express several things, namely (1) the tongue as an action, which consists of the act of mocking, the act of lying, the act of accountability, the act of reading, the act of not being fluent in speaking, the act of speaking, the act of exchanging news, (2) the tongue as speech, and (3) the tongue as language.
The Rusted “Iron Rice Bowl”: Intergenerational Effects of Chinese SOE Reform on Educational Inequality
Authors: Song Lin , Lin Kuo , Liu Siyu , Zhao Danning
Published: October 2024

Reform of the Chinese state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector in the mid 1990s caused massive layoffs (xiagang) of around 34 million employees, marking the end of “iron rice bowl” guarantee of job security for the remaining workers. The adverse impact of this shock on their children are mostly neglected in the literature. The research project aims to fill this research gap by investigating the intergenerational effects of parents’ experience of unemployment triggered by the large-scale SOE reform on their children’s educational attainment. This study conducts a cohort difference-in-differences (DID) analysis. Drawing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, this study examines the effects of parents’ exposure to economic insecurity caused by SOE mass-layoff on children’s educational attainment. The findings reveal the long-term intergenerational impact of the historical market reform in the last century on unequal educational resource allocation which hinders social mobility and perpetuates social inequalities in China nowadays.
Can we improve the clinical and research utility of staging frameworks for youth mental health?
Authors: Scott Jan
Published: October 2024

Globally, 75% of depressive, bipolar, and psychotic disorders emerge by age 25. These disorders are often preceded by non-specific symptoms or attenuated clinical syndromes and help-seeking youth typically present with co-occurring mental disorders and/or physical comorbidities. This has led many youth mental health services to adopt trans-diagnostic clinical staging models as these offer a framework for classifying and understanding the multi-dimensional and dynamic nature of emerging mental disorders and inform the selection of treatment interventions. However, given evidence of ongoing challenges in applying trans-diagnostic staging frameworks in research and clinical practice we suggest some refinements to the model to enhance reliability, consistent recording and utility. The key proposal is to introduce two additional concepts namely within stage heterogeneity and stage modifiers, with the latter categorized into factors associated with Progression (potential predictors of stage transition and illness trajectories) and Extension (characteristics that add complexity to selection of current treatments).
Leading by Example: The Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence to Create Pedagogically Suitable Example Sentences
Authors: Degraeuwe Jasper , Goethals Patrick
Published: October 2024

Several second language acquisition studies have argued in favour of practising vocabulary in authentic contexts. After the tradition of obtaining these usage examples by "invention" (i.e. language experts creating examples based on their intuitions) was superseded by corpus-based approaches (i.e. using dedicated tools to select examples from corpora), the rise of large language models led to a third possible "data source": Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI). This paper aims to assess GenAI-based examples in terms of their pedagogical suitability by conducting an experiment in which second language (L2) learners compare GenAI-based examples to corpus-based ones, for L2 Spanish. The study shows that L2 learners find GenAI-based sentences more suitable than corpus-based sentences, with -- on a total of 400 pairwise comparisons -- 265 artificial examples being found most suitable by all learners (compared to 10 corpus-based examples). The prompt type (different zero-shot and few-shot prompts were designed) did not have a noticeable impact on the results. Importantly, the GenAI approach also yielded a number of unsuitable example sentences, leading us to conclude that a "hybrid" method which takes authentic corpus-based examples as its starting point and employs GenAI models to rewrite the examples might combine the best of both worlds.
Combined effect of molybdenum and nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen metabolism and amino acid content in tobacco leaves
Authors: Sun Jingguo , Zhao Youyou , Qin Xiaoming , Hu Zhenlan , Li Jianping , Guo Yali , Sun Guangwei , Chen Zhengguo , Huang Hong , Hu Chengxiao , Sun Xuecheng
Published: October 2024

Introduction

This study investigated the combined effects of molybdenum (Mo) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on N metabolism and amino acid content in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) during its mature stage through a pot experiment.

Methods

Different application levels of Mo (0, 0.15, 0.30 mg/kg soil) and N (0.06, 0.24, 0.42 g/kg soil) were set to observe and analyze changes in leaf quality, N, and amino acid content in the tobacco plants.

Results

The results revealed that the N fertilizer application level exhibited a primary effect on regulating the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soluble protein, and amino acid nitrogen concentrations within tobacco leaves, while the effectiveness of Mo fertilization was influenced by the level of N applied. Specifically, under the conditions of 0.24 g/kg soil N and 0.30 mg/kg soil Mo application, the N content, N accumulation, and dry matter mass of the tobacco plants increased significantly by 110%, 204%, and 48%, respectively. Concurrently, nitrate reductase activity increased by 107-fold, and the nitrate nitrogen content was relatively low, contributing to enhanced tobacco yield and safety. Moreover, this treatment led to a notable (170%) increase in free amino acid nitrogen content, with minimal impact on total amino acids and soluble proteins. Notably, it effectively increased the content of free amino acids beneficial to the sensory quality of tobacco (such as histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, isoleucine, and glutamic acid) without reducing the total amino acid content, while simultaneously reducing other amino acids that might affect quality. Therefore, the combined application of 0.30 mg/kg soil Mo and 0.24 g/kg soil N specifically optimized the amino acid composition in tobacco leaves, positively impacting overall quality and market competitiveness.

Discussion

This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational application of Mo fertilizer in Mo-deficient areas to improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.
Modification of Lhx2 activity for ex vivo amplification of human iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Kitajima Kenji , Takahashi Yuna , Ando Hikaru , Shingai Minako , Hamasaki Mako , Tanikawa Miyu , Kanokoda Mai , Nakajima Marino , Nishito Yasumasa , Hara Takahiko
Published: October 2024

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) obtained from patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a promising tool for curing various hematological disorders. We previously demonstrated that enforced expression of the LIM-homeobox transcription factor Lhx2, which is essential for mouse embryonic hematopoiesis, leads to generation of engraftable and expandable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from mouse iPSCs. However, it remained unknown whether Lhx2 can induce HSCs from human iPSCs. Here, we investigated the effect of Lhx2 overexpression on hematopoietic differentiation of human iPSCs. Unexpectedly, Lhx2 severely inhibited proliferation of human iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells. Thus, Lhx2 exhibited differential effects on mouse and human hematopoietic cells. Further studies implied that the inhibitory effect of Lhx2 on human iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells was due to insufficient transcriptional activation ability. Therefore, we modified Lhx2 to strengthen its activity as a transcriptional activator. This modified Lhx2 could induce ex vivo amplification of human iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). We believe that these findings will facilitate the development of a method to efficiently produce HSCs from human iPSCs.
Tensions on the actin cytoskeleton and apical cell junctions in the C. elegans spermatheca are influenced by spermathecal anatomy, ovulation state and activation of myosin
Authors: Sadeghian Fereshteh , Grooms Noa W. F. , Chung Samuel H. , Cram Erin J.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Cells generate mechanical forces mainly through myosin motor activity on the actin cytoskeleton. In C. elegans, actomyosin stress fibers drive contractility of the smooth muscle-like cells of the spermatheca, a distensible, tube-shaped tissue in the hermaphrodite reproductive system and the site of oocyte fertilization. Stretching of the spermathecal cells by oocyte entry triggers activation of the small GTPase Rho. In this study, we asked how forces are distributed in vivo, and explored how spermathecal tissue responds to alterations in myosin activity.

Methods

In animals expressing GFP labeled actin or apical membrane complexes, we severed these structures using femtosecond laser ablation and quantified retractions. RNA interference was used to deplete key contractility regulators.

Results

We show that the basal actomyosin fibers are under tension in the occupied spermatheca. Reducing actomyosin contractility by depletion of the phospholipase C-ε/PLC-1 or non-muscle myosin II/NMY-1, leads to distended spermathecae occupied by one or more embryos, but does not alter tension on the basal actomyosin fibers. However, activating myosin through depletion of the Rho GAP SPV-1 increases tension on the actomyosin fibers, consistent with earlier studies showing Rho drives spermathecal contractility. On the inner surface of the spermathecal tube, tension on the apical junctions is decreased by depletion of PLC-1 and NMY-1. Surprisingly, when basal contractility is increased through SPV-1 depletion, the tension on apical junctions also decreases, with the most significant effect on the junctions aligned in perpendicular to the axis of the spermatheca.

Discussion

Our results suggest that much of the tension on the basal actin fibers in the occupied spermatheca is due to the presence of the embryo. Additionally, increased tension on the outer basal surface may compress the apical side, leading to lower tensions apically. The three dimensional shape of the spermatheca plays a role in force distribution and contractility during ovulation.
Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica: antimicrobial, antioxidant and in silico analysis for periodontal treatment
Authors: Barik Binapani , Satapathy Bhabani Sankar , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Bhavrao Desai Vijay , Shetty Krishna Prasad
Published: October 2024

Introduction

This study explores potential application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to treat periodontal infection using Azadirachta indica leaf extract. The eco-friendly green synthesis process uses Azadirachta indica as a natural stabilizer and reducer, allowing AgNPs to be formed.

Methods

Experimental AgNPs were characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) etc. The antimicrobial, antioxidant potential of AgNPs was tested to identify its efficacy against periodontal infections.

Results and discussion

AgNPs were found spherical, nanosized (86 nm), with negative surface charge (−26.9 mV). TEM study depicted clear formation of discrete nanosize particles with smooth surface texture. Results showed strong antibacterial and anti-oxidant action of experimental AgNPs, preventing biofilm growth and bacterial viability. A higher binding affinity was observed between Quercetin and the selected protein, which is implicated in bacterial growth and biofilm formation on teeth. The study suggests that Azadirachta indica derived AgNPs could be a safe, efficacious, and eco-friendly alternative in place of conventional therapies to treat periodontal infection. Future in vivo studies are however warranted.
Non-targeted metabolomics and pseudo-targeted lipidomics combined with gut microbes reveal the protective effects of Causonis japonica (Thunb.) Raf. in ulcerative colitis mice
Authors: Huang Hua , Jiang Jie , Fan Yihua , Ding Xufeng , Li Fang , Liu Chuanxin , Ji Lijiang
Published: October 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent inflammatory tissue damage to the intestinal mucosa and forming intestinal epithelial ulcers. It is one of the most intractable diseases in the world. To date, the mechanism is unclear. Causonis japonica (Thunb.) Raf. (Wu Lianmei in Chinese; WLM), a traditional Chinese medicine, which has a long history as an anti-inflammatory, but its effect on UC was unconfirmed yet. Therefore, we established a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mice model and evaluated the therapeutic effect of WLM extract. The results indicated that WLM inhibits DSS-induced inflammatory response in colitis in vivo, decrease DSS-induced clinical manifestations, reverses colon length shortening, and reduces tissue damage. The results of ELISA kits suggested that WLM could reverse the levels of DSS-induced inflammatory factors. To explore the mechanism of WLM in treating DSS-induced UC, 1H NMR and UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap MS were used to perform non-targeted metabolomics analysis; 21 differential metabolites in colon tissues were closely related to UC. Meanwhile, the pseudo-targeted lipidomics based on UHPLC-Q/Trap MS was used to analyze lipid metabolism disorders, and 60 differential lipid compounds were screened. These differential compounds were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, glycerolipid, citric acid, tyrosine, and ether lipid metabolisms. The analysis of gut microbial showed that WLM may improve the symptoms of UC mice by reducing the abundance of Helicobacter and Streptococcus and increasing the abundance of Limosilactobacillus and Akkermansia. Moreover, the real-time qPCR results showed that WLM extract could decrease the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors and may be associated with protecting the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier by destroying in vivo metabolic pathways, especially by regulating energy and lipid metabolisms and reducing inflammatory reactions. It provides a beneficial reference for studying WLM to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of UC.