bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civic Practices to Honour the Dead – New Forms of Urban Commemoration in the Conditions of Russian-Ukrainian War
Authors: Taran Olena
Published: March 2023

The social cataclysms of the up-to-date history of Ukraine, first of all, the modern Russian-Ukrainian war, and the scale of the mass death of people connected with it, could not help but leave an imprint on the mentality of Ukrainians. Death and burial in this context are considered as a crisis situation (event), first of all, for the family group, as well as the other social communities in which the deceased has been involved: local, professional, friend groups and others. New forms of commemoration are emerging and gaining permanent features in the conditions of Russian-Ukrainian war, especially in the format of a large-scale invasion. Civilian burials in extreme conditions, spontaneous memorials, anti-war performances, a change in the toponymy of the settlements in order to commemorate military defenders, natives of these localities are among such forms. The network martyrologies have become one of the types of memory preservation and honoring victims among civilians of Ukraine and the military men. Modern IT technologies allow expressing mourning in a new format: both publicly and privately, in communities those are not limited to family or friend circles of relations. The groups of followers, colleagues or acquaintances, official or private persons form their virtual heritage on the Internet in the real time regime building virtual connections on the Internet in the form of social networks, forums. This heritage remains online for an indefinite time, allowing other users to mourn and attach to reminiscences and the obituaries using emotional likes or comments under the posts. The headlines of obituaries of Ukrainian municipal websites contain emotional commitments to encourage community members to express collective mourning for dead fellow villagers. Emphasis is placed on the civilian position of the dead. Obituary texts are aimed at the reader’s empathetic response, focused on the moral virtues of the deceased; premature death is stated, and hence the failure to realize certain life plans. Nobility and determination, courage and boundless cheerfulness – these are the epithets abounding in the official obituaries on the fallen Defenders.
Improving the Rate of Delayed Cord Clamping in Preterm Infants: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Chan Shannon , Duck Meghan , Frometa Kate , Liebowitz Melissa , Rosenstein Melissa G. , Tesfalul Martha , Cornet Marie-Coralie , Kramer Katelin P.
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

Delayed cord clamping (DCC) provides many benefits for preterm infants. The aim of this quality improvement project was to increase the rate of DCC by 25% within 12 months for neonates <34 weeks’ gestation born at a tertiary care hospital.

METHOD

A multidisciplinary team investigated key drivers and developed targeted interventions to improve DCC rates. The primary outcome measure was the rate of DCC for infants <34 weeks’ gestation. Process measures were adherence to the DCC protocol and the rate of births with an experienced neonatology provider present at the bedside. Balancing measures included the degree of neonatal resuscitation, initial infant temperature, and maternal blood loss. Data were collected from chart review and a perinatal research database and then analyzed on control charts. The preintervention period was from July 2019 to June 2020 and the postintervention period was from July 2020 to December 2021.

RESULTS

322 inborn neonates born at <34 weeks’ met inclusion criteria (137 preintervention and 185 postintervention). The rate of DCC increased by 63%, from a baseline of 40% to 65% (P <.001), with sustained improvement over 18 months. Significant improvement occurred for all process measures without a significant change in balancing measures.

CONCLUSION

Using core quality improvement methodology, a multidisciplinary team implemented a series of targeted interventions which was associated with an increased rate of DCC in early preterm infants.
The Content of the Attitudes “I Am Now” and “I Am an Adult” in Adolescents with Different Characteristics of Personal Maturity
Authors: Miklyaeva Anastasia V. , Rudykhina Olga V. , Tolkacheva Alexandra S.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. In the modern world, there is an expansion of the spectrum of transition trajectories to adulthood in adolescents and young people as well as the increased importance of “subjective markers of adulthood”, which represent a set of qualities of a “mature personality”. There is no idea about the specifics of the growing up trajectories among modern adolescents, taking into account their psychological characteristics. The purpose of the article is to investigate the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the images “I am now” and “I am an adult” in adolescents with different levels of personal maturity. Materials and Methods. The survey involved 1 097 adolescents aged between 13 – 17. The method of contrast groups by the Self-assessment Scale of personal maturity allowed to identify subgroups of adolescents with high and low levels of personal maturity. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the attitudes “I am now” and “I am an adult” obtained by the modified “Who am I?” technique were compared in these subgroups. Results. Regardless of the characteristics of personal maturity, adolescents include more elements in the attitudes “I am now” than in “I am an adult”; the core of both attitudes includes mainly the characteristics of the socio-demographic, formalized and individualized Self. Differences between the subgroups of adolescents with HPM and LPM include: different age dynamics of the number of elements in the attitudes “I am now” and “I am an adult” (a consistent decrease in the number of elements in adolescents with HPM against an absence of significant changes in the sample of their peers with LPM), as well as a more significant contribution of the characteristics of social-role functioning in attitudes “I am now” and “I am an adult” in adolescents with HPM. Discussion and Conclusion. The research contributes to the understanding of the psychological characteristics of modern adolescents who are at the stage of transition to adulthood. The results will be useful for the practice of psychological and pedagogical support of growing up and psychological counseling on personal self-determination in adolescence.
Language Testing and Certification in an International Context
Authors: Zelenicka Elena , Pavlova Renata , Csalova Olga , Burcl Pavol
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The aim of this research is to define what role continuous assessment plays in foreign language teaching. We analysed some of the most frequent communication and language mistakes by our research sample students in their written communications at the B2 level. We believe these correlations have yet to be closely studied in the context of the foreign language teaching process since there is a significant increase in the number of international students entering Slovak universities for programs implemented in the Slovak language. We also researched the current interest of our non-Slovak university students in verifying Slovak language competencies through ECL testing compared to the period before 2019 in correlation with their writing skills preparation.
Materials and Methods. Our research sample included 200 randomly selected written communications by firstyear international students of our University in the period of 2019‒2022 in various fields of study at the age scale from 17 to 42. The students were from Russia, Serbia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Ukraine, and the Czech Republic. We applied content analysis of the written communications concerning the most frequent mistakes from the morphological, syntactic and writing-accuracy points of view. We also used statistical methods to research the current interest in verifying foreign language competencies through ECL testing on the side of our international students.
Results. The results delivered that the most frequent errors are typographical, mainly related to spelling, punctuation and paraphrasing; therefore, we can claim that in the Slovak language learning, it is significantly beneficial to focus on formal correctness, i.e. consistent acquisition of the Slovak language grammar system. We also identified the sociolinguistic adequacy of written communication problematic, i.e. style, clear statements formulations, and adherence to the text composition. The results also demonstrated the increase in our international university studentsʼ interest in verifying foreign language competencies through ECL testing compared to the period before 2019.
Discussion and Conclusion. From the results it follows that teaching writing skills intensively with a focus on particularly identified problematic issues in written communications increases the learnersʼ language acquisition level. This study presents results that may be useful in the targeted language preparation of the international students recruited to Slovak universities as their home universities and their further preparation for undertaking Slovak language proficiency official verification. In addition, the results of our study may contribute to the further development of general professional education in foreign languages.
TÉCNICAS FISIOTERAPÉUTICAS MÁS UTILIZADAS EN LA ARTROPLASTIA TOTAL DE RODILLA Y CALIDAD DE SU EVIDENCIA: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA 2010-2020
Authors: Vargas Martínez Brenda Pamela , Restrepo Chacón Ana Karolina , Alfaro Redondo César
Published: March 2023

La Artroplastia Total de Rodilla (ATR) es una cirugía que reemplaza la articulación dañada -rótula, cara articular distal del fémur y cara articular proximal de la tibia- con partes artificiales conocidas como prótesis. Esta cirugía requiere un abordaje fisioterapéutico paralelo que permita recuperar la mayor independencia funcional. Dada la variedad de intervenciones fisioterapéuticas posibles de implementar, resulta importante identificar aquellas que cuentan con mayor evidencia científica. El objetivo de la investigación realizada fue identificar las técnicas fisioterapéuticas más utilizadas en la Artroplastia total de rodilla y la calidad de su evidencia, a través de una revisión sistemática 2010-2020. Se realizó una revisión sistemática tomando como base las especificaciones estipuladas en una guía clínica de atención. Se revisaron 40 artículos científicos en los que se identificaron cuatro intervenciones fisioterapéuticas: modalidades electro terapéuticas, agentes físicos, ejercicio terapéutico, movilizaciones pasivas y otras intervenciones fisioterapéuticas. Además, se obtuvo que un 27,5 % de los artículos presentaron calidad de ++++, un 42,5 % calidad de +++, un 17,5 % calidad ++ y un 12,5 % con calidad de +. Como conclusión se destaca que un poco menos de la mitad de los estudios obtuvieron calidad de +++ o calidad moderada, lo cual podría estar relacionado con la falta de rigurosidad en las metodologías de investigación de los estudios o la escasez en investigaciones en el área. Ambas situaciones dejan en evidencia el reciente crecimiento que tiene la carrera en relación con la actividad investigativa y la necesidad de orientarla hacia la atención basada en evidencia.

Palabras clave: Modalidades de Fisioterapia, Práctica Clínica basada en la evidencia, Artroplastia de reemplazo de rodilla, Rehabilitación. Fuente: DeCS/MeSH.
NEUMOTÓRAX, NEUMOMEDIASTINO, NEUMOPERITONEO Y ENFISEMA SUBCUTÁNEO POR PERFORACIÓN COLÓNICA DURANTE COLONOSCOPIA EN UN HOSPITAL RURAL DE COSTA RICA
Authors: Navarro Coto José Francisco , Molina Guerrero Miguel Antonio , Ledezma Cabezas Andrea
Published: March 2023

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad reportar un caso que inició a partir de una lesión iatrogénica en un procedimiento endoscópico. Las patologías subsecuentes a la perforación colónica constituyeron un alto riesgo de muerte en el contexto de un paciente de 89 años. La colonoscopia ha sido el método de estudio de elección para el diagnóstico de alguna patología maligna o benigna en el colon. La perforación durante el procedimiento es infrecuente, pero sus repercusiones son muy serias. El diagnóstico del neumotórax hipertensivo es clínico y no debería requerir algún examen de laboratorio o imagen para su diagnóstico. Además, un rápido abordaje permite cambiar la evolución del paciente. Durante la realización de una colonoscopia electiva, el paciente inicia con una dificultad respiratoria, lo que causó un paro cardiorrespiratorio con actividad eléctrica sin pulso. Un pronto diagnóstico de neumotórax hipertensivo permitió que se volviera a ritmo sinusal y se continuara con el manejo de lo que a todas luces se trataba de una perforación colónica. El manejo de patología compleja en un hospital rural es un reto en la evolución de pacientes. Por lo tanto, las complicaciones de los procedimientos endoscópicos, generadas y resueltas con éxito, demuestran que el trabajo interdisciplinario, así como el ejercicio diario de la clínica sobre los estudios tecnológicos, hacen que, aún más, este caso sobresalga dentro del ambiente científico.

Palabras clave: Colonoscopía, Neumotórax, Neumomediastino, Neumoperitoneo. Fuente:DeCS/MeSH
Accelerated curing effects on performance of metakaolin concrete
Authors: Dubey Moulshree , Deo Shirish V. , Ramtekkar Gangadhar
Published: March 2023

The manufacturing of cement liberates the green-house gasses into atmosphere. To overcome this problem so many alternative materials has been invented by researchers to minimize addition of cement. The incorporation of these alternative materials as cementitious material in concrete enhances the attributes of concrete. In this scenario metakaolin gained momentum as a substitution to cement in concrete. Most of the researchers studied the performance of concrete incorporating metakaolin as cementitious material in normal curing conditions. There is a need for analysing the impact of accelerated curing on properties of concrete by incorporating metakaolin as cementitious material. The current construction industry needs high early strength for removal of form work in early ages. The accelerated curing is a method which provides high early strength. In this study, different proportions of metakaolin are added as partial alternative to cement and cured in accelerated curing tank for 3.5 h. The strength parameters test, durability test, and micro-structural parameter tests are performed on these samples. Further, micro-structural analysis has been carried out using SEM, and EDX tests. Results depicted the incorporation of 15% of metakaolin as substitute to cement amplifies the overall performance of concrete in accelerated curing regime.
Prenatal observation of the development of a benign tumor in a fetus: a clinical case
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Karlova O.О. , Kuzminska O.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of monitoring the course and development of a benign tumor in the fetus - lymphangiomy, which is a rare pathology (up to 10% of benign neoplasms in children). These neoplasms are not caused by chromosomal abnormalities and, as a rule, are characterized by a favorable intrauterine and postnatal course, which depends on the size and location of the formation. The article describes a benign tumor of the lymphatic system of a congenital nature in the neck, presents the results of monitoring the course and development of the tumor in the fetus. The results of the study are based on general clinical data and ultrasound data. With antenatal diagnosis of large lymphangioma in the neck, operative delivery is indicated. Purpose - to present a clinical case of prenatal diagnosis of lymphangioma in the fetus, to describe the features of observation and clinical case history. Materials and methods. This clinical case is presented in a patient V., 31 years old, who had a second delivery, third pregnancy. Data from general clinical studies, ultrasound examination (ultrasound scanner Aloka 3500) were used. Results. According to the results of general clinical examinations, the patient's tests during pregnancy were within the normal range. According to the biochemical screening data of the first trimester, the pregnant woman is classified as a low-risk group. An ultrasound examination of the III trimester, at 32 weeks, revealed a mass in the axillary region of the fetus on the right (lymphangioma). Early diagnosis of fetal lymphangioma allows you to control the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and evaluate possible complications. Conclusions. The described clinical case of lymphangioma is an illustration of dynamic prenatal and postnatal observation and its ultrasonic interpretation. Early diagnosis of benign tumors of the lymphatic system of a congenital nature allows you to adequately control the course of pregnancy, childbirth, assess placental insufficiency and anticipate complications. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
The association of rs4696480 polymorphism in TLR2 gene and Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mozyrska O.V.
Published: March 2023

Topicality. Up to 90% of patients with atopic dermatitis are colonized with S. aureus, with S. aureus predominance being unique to atopic dermatitis. TLR2 play a role in the presentation of S. aureus antigens in a course of atopic dermatits. Purpose - to investigate the association of rs4696480 polymorphism in TLR2 gene and S. aureus skin colonization. Materials and methods. The study included 101 patients with eczema and 84 healthy children. Skin swab cultures were taken. Subjects were classified as carriers if the cultures were positive, while those with culture found to be negative were classified as non-carriers. Genotyping for TLR2 rs4696480 was performed by using Real-time PCR. Results. We determined the prevalence of S. aureus carriage in a cohort study of atopic dermatitis patients in Ukraine. Skin culture for the presence of S. aureus was performed in 82 patients: 45.1% children had positive culture for S. aureus, 54.9% had a negative result. SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index was significantly higher in S. aureus carriers (p<0.001). There was no difference in genotype distribution among patients and control group (OR=1.021 (95% CI 0.507-2.054) for AT genotype, OR=0.880 (95% CI 0.398-1.947) for TT genotype, р>0.05). AA genotype was significantly more frequent among S. aureus carriers (OR=2.745 (95% CI 0.865-8.708) for AT genotype, OR=7.000 (95% CI 1.852-26.462) for TT genotype. To our knowledge, the association of T16934A (rs4696480) and S. aureus colonization of lesion skin in children with atopic dermatitis have not been studied before. Conclusions. AA variant of TLR2 rs4696480 polymorphism predisposes to S. aureus colonization of skin in children with atopic dermatits. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
The influence of smoking on the biochemical indicators of oral fluid in teenagers and young adults who smoke
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Lisetska I.S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose - is to study the effect of smoking on the biochemical indicators of oral fluid in teenagers and young adults. Materials and methods. The study of biochemical indicators of oral fluid was carried out of 114 teenagers and young adults from 15 to 24 years’ old who were divided into groups: the Group I included 26 people who regularly smoke traditional cigarettes; the Group II - 22 people who regularly smoke electronic cigarettes (Vapes); the Group III - 23 people who regularly smoke devices for heating tobacco (IQOS); the Group IV - 43 people without the harmful habit of smoking. Biochemical indicators were studied: the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase, the content of inorganic phosphorus and calcium. Results. The average values of alkaline phosphatase activity in the examined subjects of the I group were 1.5 times lower compared to persons of teenagers and young adults who do not smoke (IV group), (p<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase activity was also 1.2 times lower in people who smoke alternative types of cigarettes compared to non-smokers (p<0.05). At the same time, an increased activity of acid phosphatase was found, the indicators of which also depended on the type of smoking. Thus, the activity of acid phosphatase was 3.6 times higher in the examined subjects of the I group compared to persons of teenagers and young adults who do not smoke (IV group), (p<0.05). In people who smoke alternative types of cigarettes, the activity of acid phosphatase was 2.2 times higher compared to people who do not smoke (p<0.05). In the oral fluid of teenagers and young adults who have a bad habit, an increased content of calcium and a reduced content of inorganic phosphorus were found compared to those examined in the IV group. Conclusions. The obtained data indicate a violation of the normal functional activity of the organs of the oral cavity under the influence of a bad habit. Changes in the biochemical parameters of the oral fluid occur in adolescents and young adults who smoke. Oral fluid parameters may be an early prognostic test for assessing oral health in teenagers and young adults who smoke. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Assessment of indicators of complex stratification of the risks of preeclampsia in patients with retrochorial hematomas
Authors:   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine, Yushchenko M.I. , Duka Yu.M. ,   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

Purpose - to assess the prognostic value of a comprehensive study of the influence of indicators of angiogenic/antiangiogenic profile in women with retrochorial hematoma (RCH) in the І trimester, uterine artery (UA) dopplerometry data in stratifying the risks of developing placental dysfunction in these women. Materials and methods. A prospective analysis of the course of pregnancy was carried out in 137 women with a threat of miscarriage aged 20 to 47 years, who made up two comparison groups: the Group I - 60 patients with RCH, the Group II - 77 patients with a threat of abortion without hematoma. Results. The average age of women of the Group I was 31.2±0.6 years, of the Group II - 32.2±0.6 years. The gestational age at enrollment was equal 6.1±0.55 weeks in the Group I and 7.2±0.61 weeks in the Group II. A direct, reliable correlation of weak strength was established in pairs: the presence of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and the pulsatility index (PI) in UA >95 percentile, hCG and a higher level of hCG in the I and II trimesters of pregnancy. A reduced level of PAPP-A was significantly associated with cases of preeclampsia (PE) in the anamnesis, increased Body Mass Index, a high level of PI in UA, including with PI levels >95 percentile, as well as with a reduced level of free estriol. Significant inverse correlations were established between the level of PLGF and indicators of PE in history, the level of PI in UA and the content of hCG. At the same time, the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the studied patients was directly associated with increased levels of PI in UA and hCG. It was established that the risk of early PE was more inherent for women with the presence of PCH in the І trimester of pregnancy, while the percentage of the development of late PE with and/or without fetal growth retardation was more often higher in women with a threat of termination of pregnancy in the І trimester trimesters without the formation of RHG. Conclusions. The occurrence of RHG at the stage of early placentation increases the risks of developing placental dysfunction and obstetric complications associated with it. PRISCA-1, PLGF, PI of UA, as well as the calculation of the risk of developing PE in the trimester І using the FMF calculator should be used to form a risk group for the development of placenta-associated complications. Indicators of PI of UA >99 percentile in the І trimester of pregnancy in combination with a decrease in PAPP-A ˂0.45 MoM should be considered critical. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patients was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Properties Investigation of Self-Dual Combinational Devices with Calculation Control Based on Hamming Codes
Authors: Efanov Dmitry , Pogodina Tatiana
Published: March 2023

A new approach to the synthesis of self-checking devices is considered, based on the control of calculations in testing objects using Hamming codes, the check bits of which are described by self-dual functions. In this case, the structure operates in a pulsed mode, which is actually based on the introduction of temporal redundancy when building a self-checking device. This, unfortunately, leads to some decrease in performance, however, it significantly improves the characteristics of controllability, which is especially important for devices and systems of critical use, the input data for which does not change so often. A brief review of methods for constructing built-in control circuits based on the self-duality property of calculated functions is given. The basic structures of the organization of built-in control circuits are given. The proposed ways of developing the theory of synthesis of built-in control circuits are based on checking whether or not the calculated functions belong to a class of self-dual Boolean functions. All possible values of the number of data bits for Hamming codes have been established. They will have the property of the self-duality of functions describing control bits. En-coders of such Hamming codes will be self-dual devices. Since the functions of the check bits of Hamming codes are linear, in order for them to be self-dual, it is necessary that an odd number of arguments be used in each of them. It is proved that the number of bits of code words of Hamming codes with self-dual check functions is equal to n=3+4l, l∈N0. The results of the simulations self-dual devices with built-in control circuits along two diagnostic parameters in the Multisim environment are presented. A method is proposed for modification of the structure of calculation control along two diagnostic parameters, which allows to use any linear block code (not necessarily Hamming code). It is based on retrofitting the encoder with a device for converting functions into self-dual ones. In fact, this is a code modification device. It is proved that to obtain a modified Hamming code with self-dual control functions for n≠3+4l, l∈N0; cases, it is enough to add modulo M=2 the non-self-dual control function with the function of the high data bit.
KONCEPCJA BEZŁOŻYSKOWYCH MASZYN ELEKTRYCZNYCH W NAPĘDACH LOTNICZYCH
Authors: Henzel Maciej , Falkowski Krzysztof , Ważny Mariusz
Published: March 2023

W artykule przedstawiono technologie związane z lewitacją magnetyczną, takie jak aktywne łożyska magnetyczne (AMB) oraz urządzenia bezłożyskowe. Artykuł zawiera model matematyczny oraz symulacyjny heteropolarnego promieniowego aktywnego łożyska magnetycznego i silnika bezłożyskowego pod kątem ich zastowania w nowych elektrycznych silnikach lotniczych.
OPRACOWANIE I WALIDACJA MODELU SYMULACYJNEGO QUADROTORA NA POTRZEBY ANALIZY WYKORZYSTANIA ENERGII PODCZAS LOTU
Authors: Jacewicz Mariusz , Głębocki Robert , Miedziński Dariusz
Published: March 2023

Bezzałogowe statki powietrzne typu quadrotor znajdują obecnie coraz więcej zastosowań. Jednym z najważniejszych ograniczeń bezzałogowych wiropłatów jest niewielki zasób energii dostępnej na pokładzie, co przekłada się na małą długotrwałość lotu. Celem pracy było stworzenie modelu symulacyjnego mogącego służyć do badania wykorzystania energii przez quadrotora oraz planowania jego trasy przelotu. Platforma testowa wyposażona została w redundantne jednostki nawigacji bezwładnościowej, odbiornik systemu nawigacji satelitarnej, telemetrię oraz kamerę. W celu zbadania dynamiki lotu quadrotora opracowano model matematyczny o sześciu stopniach swobody. Parametry modelu zostały wyznaczone poprzez badania eksperymentalne w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Stworzono model zużycia energii przez silniki elektryczne oraz podsystemy pokładowe, jak również model akumulatora pokładowego. Przedstawiono strukturę autopilota. Stworzony model matematyczny został zaimplementowany w środowisku MATLAB/Simulink, a następnie zwalidowany w oparciu o dostępne wyniki badań w locie. Opracowane narzędzie obliczeniowe może zostać wykorzystane w praktycznych zastosowaniach do zadań planowania i optymalizacji trajektorii pod kątem minimalizacji zużycia energii.
JĄDROWY NAPĘD STATKÓW POWIETRZNYCH – IDEA, KTÓREJ CZAS NIGDY NIE POWRÓCI?
Authors: Kołodziejska Aleksandra , Kozakiewicz Adam , Sibilski Krzysztof
Published: March 2023

W artkule przedstawiono przegląd prac prowadzonych w XX wieku ukierunkowanych na badanie możliwości wykorzystania reaktora jądrowego do napędu samolotów lub manewrujących pocisków. Przedstawione zostały możliwe rozwiązania jądrowego silnika odrzutowego: cykl bezpośredni (w którym płyn przepływa przez rdzeń reaktora) i cykl pośredni (płyn przepływa przez wymiennik ciepła). Biorąc pod uwagę problemy ochrony przed promieniowaniem, jedynym realistycznym rozwiązaniem wydaje się zastosowanie obiegu pośredniego, w którym transfer energii powinien odbywać się przez wymiennik ciepła, który musi pracować z bardzo dużą prędkością środka chłodzącego. Wymiennik ciepła zastępuje w tym przypadku klasyczną komorę spalania. Przedstawiono analizę obiegu termodynamicznego takiego silnika oraz przegląd prowadzonych prac nad budową jądrowego silnika odrzutowego, koncentrując się na badaniach osiągów lotniczego reaktora jądrowego, wymiennika ciepła i samego silnika odrzutowego. Przedstawiono także współczesne perspektywy powrotu do idei silników jądrowych, zarówno w zastosowaniach cywilnych jak też militarnych.
WPŁYW PARAMETRÓW UKŁADU WLOTOWEGO NA STABILNOŚĆ PRACY LOTNICZEGO SILNIKA TURBINOWEGO
Authors: Kozakiewicz Adam , Adamczyk Maciej , Majcher Maciej
Published: March 2023

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy wpływu parametrów pracy układu wlotowego samolotu bojowego w warunkach lotu pod kątem powodującego wystąpienie niestatecznej pracy sprężarki. Analizę przeprowadzono na przykładzie układu wlotowego pracującego w warunkach prostopadłej fali uderzeniowej typowej dla wysokomanewrowych samolotów bojowych. W artykule przedstawiono teoretyczne podstawy występowania niestatecznej pracy i pompażu oraz wyznaczania charakterystyki sprężarek osiowych. Do wykonania analizy wykorzystano metody i narzędzia z zakresu numerycznej mechaniki płynów. Opracowane wyniki pozwoliły na określenie charakteru obserwowanego przepływu i oszacowanie jego wpływu na stabilność pracy sprężarki.
Acetate modulates the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus gasseri against the pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Candida glabrata
Authors: Pedro Nuno A. , Fontebasso Gabriela , Pinto Sandra N. , Alves Marta , Mira Nuno P.
Published: March 2023

The exploration of the interference prompted by commensal bacteria over fungal pathogens is an interesting alternative to develop new therapies. In this work we scrutinized how the presence of the poorly studied vaginal species Lactobacillus gasseri affects relevant pathophysiological traits of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. L. gasseri was found to form mixed biofilms with C. albicans and C. glabrata resulting in pronounced death of the yeast cells, while bacterial viability was not affected. Reduced viability of the two yeasts was also observed upon co-cultivation with L. gasseri under planktonic conditions. Either in planktonic cultures or in biofilms, the anti-Candida effect of L. gasseri was augmented by acetate in a concentration-dependent manner. During planktonic co-cultivation the two Candida species counteracted the acidification prompted by L. gasseri thus impacting the balance between dissociated and undissociated organic acids. This feature couldn’t be phenocopied in single-cultures of L. gasseri resulting in a broth enriched in acetic acid, while in the co-culture the non-toxic acetate prevailed. Altogether the results herein described advance the design of new anti-Candida therapies based on probiotics, in particular, those based on vaginal lactobacilli species, helping to reduce the significant burden that infections caused by Candida have today in human health.
Bibliometric Networks and financing in Brazilian Physical Education Research
Authors: Pimentel Daniel , Pimentel Felipe , McManus Concepta
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we looked at citations, major institutions, research themes and funding in physical education and sports studies from Brazilian authors to evaluate their impact and insertion worldwide.  A bibliometric analysis using data from international (Web of Science and Scopus) and national (Sucupira) databases followed by visualization of similarities. Data was downloaded from Scopus and SciVal (Elsevier) and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) databases as well as Sucupira in the area of Physical Education as defined by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior in Brazil. Data were analysed using Visualisation of Similarities (Vosviewer), correlation, regression and variance analyses to examine the relationship between quantity and quality indicators. Major topics researched include obesity, exercise, joints, cartilage, tendons and muscles (ankle, knee, hip, shoulder) as well as factors linked to age (child, adolescent and ageing), in line with those researched worldwide.  The correlation between the number of publications per topic worldwide and in Brazil is 0.79.   There was a concentration of publishing in the area of physical education in Brazil with 80% of papers being published by only 12% of the institutions that publish on this subject.  Brazilian authors in physical education cooperate with, and receive financing from, institutions and funding agencies worldwide, but papers funded by Brazilian agencies have lower impact.   Brazilian researchers are researching similar topics to international researchers, but citation analysis shows relatively closed clusters of researchers with little interaction between them.
UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION BY GAUSSIAN RANDOM FIELDS FOR POINT-LIKE EMISSIONS FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Härkönen Teemu , Sundström Anu-Maija , Tamminen Johanna , Hakkarainen Janne , Vakkilainen Esa , Haario Heikki
Published: March 2023

We propose a statistical approach to estimate emissions of isolated pointlike sources by NO2 tropospheric column concentrations satellite observations. The approach is data driven; in addition to the satellite measurements it only uses available wind data and a rudimentary model for the NOx chemistry. We construct interpolated fields of the satellite observations using Gaussian random fields, which allows for a more flexible fitting of data than the more standard Gaussian plume regressions. They enable producing uncertainty quantification, even with partly obscured or missing observations. The Gaussian random field surfaces provide continuous surfaces of the satellite observations along which flux integrals are computed to simplify the problem from two-dimensional satellite observations to one-dimensional fluxes. The emission estimates are then obtained by a simple model that combines the flux and chemistry. Extensive uncertainty quantification is implemented at every step of the estimation procedure by using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling methods. The method is verified by simulated observations and applied to a Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) data to estimate industrial nitrogen oxide emissions from the power plants of Belchatow, Poland and Yangluo, Wuhan, China. With Belchatow, we compare the obtained emission rates against reported emissions using annually reported total emissions and available power generation data.
Comparison of the Volume and Histological Properties of Newly Formed Bone after the Application of Three Types of Bone Substitutes in Critical-Sized Bone Defects
Authors: Esfandiari Shiva , Amid Reza , Kadkhodazadeh Mahdi , Kheiri Aida
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to compare the volume and quality of the newly formed bone following application of two types of xenografts and one synthetic material in bone defects in rabbit calvaria from histological and micro-CT aspects. Four 8-mm defects were created in 12 rabbit calvaria. Three defects were filled with bone substitutes and one was left unfilled as the control group. The newly formed bone was evaluated histologically and also by micro-CT at 8 and 12 weeks after the intervention. The percentage of osteogenesis was comparable in histomor-phometric assessment and micro-CT. Histological analysis showed that the percentage of the newly formed bone was 10.92 ± 5.17%, 14.70 ± 11.02%, 11.47 ± 7.04%, and 9.45 ± 5.18% in groups bovine 1, bovine 2, synthetic, and negative control, respectively after 8 weeks. These values were 33.70 ± 11.48%, 26.30 ± 18.05%, 22.92 ± 6.30%, and 14.82 ± 8.59%, respectively at 12 weeks. The difference in the percentage of the new bone formation at 8 and 12 weeks was not significant in any group (P > 0.05) except for bovine 1 group (P < 0.05). Micro-CT confirmed new bone formation in all groups but according to the micro-CT results, the difference between the control and other groups was significant in this respect (P < 0.05). All bone substitutes enhanced new bone formation compared with the control group. Micro-CT assessment yielded more accurate and different results compared with histological assessment.
Reorganizing as a Covid-Free Heart Center: Does It Really Matter For The Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Endpoints During the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: ÖZYILDIRIM Serhan
Published: March 2023

Backrounds/Aims: With the emergence of the new and more transmissible COVID variants such as Omicron, the necessity of taking new measures began to be discussed.

Methods: Data regarding the organizational arrangements as defining COVID-free heart centers during the first waves is scarce. We evaluated the 273 non-COVID acute coronary syndrome patients who were admitted to our COVID-free tertiary cardiovascular center during the lockdown period. None of these cases had hospital acquired SARS CoV-2 infection during the follow-up. Therefore, no COVID-related morbidity or mortality was observed in this vulnerable group.

Results: However, when we analyzed the 88 primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures of the non-COVID STEMI patients of the lockdown period and compared the 70 of them with the 50 STEMI patients of the previous year, the results were not that encouraging. Even our hospital was declared as a COVID-free cardiolovascular center, there was a significant delay in the symptom-to-door time (SDT) during the pandemic (4.8 vs. 2.5 hours, respectively; P
Radiosurgical interventions in the prevention of post-resection liver failure
Authors: Melekhina O. V. , Musatov A. B. , Kulezneva J. V. , Efanov M. G. , Tsvirkun V. V. , Alikhanov R. B. , Amkhadov E. O. , Sadykov B. A. , Kantimerov D. F. , Salnikov K. K.
Published: March 2023

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous ALPPS as a method for preventing post-resection liver failure.

Materials and methods. The methodology involved a retrospective study of the results of portovenous embolization and percutaneous radiofrequency assisted liver partition with portal vein embolization (PRALLPS), in case of the future liver volume <40% . The degree of hypertrophy of the future liver remnant and its rate were assessed in two groups. Complications of manipulation and frequency of postresection hepatic failure were studied.

Results. In the first stage, portenous embolization was successfully performed in 38 patients and PRALLPS was successfully performed in 47 patients. In the second stage, liver resection was performed in 27 (71.1%) and 33 (70%) patients. The most frequent complication of PRALLPS was bile accumulation in the radiofrequency ablation area (13.1%). The incidence of other complications of the first stage did not differ between groups. No differences in blood loss or incidence of liver failure were reported after the second stage. No fatal outcomes reported. The mean degree of hypertrophy and growth did not differ between the groups. The mean time of hypertrophy of the future liver remnant after percutaneous radiofrequency assisted partition of the parenchyma with portal vein embolization and portenous embolization was 13 ± 5 and 18 ± 7 days (p = 0.008).

Conclusion. The results of percutaneous radiofrequency assisted liver partition with portal vein embolization are comparable in terms of safety with those of portenous embolization. Radiofrequency partition of the parenchyma with portal vein embolization enables optimal hypertrophy of the future liver remnant to be achieved faster.
Functional outcomes of pancreaticoduodenoctomy
Authors: Kotelnikov A. G. , Patyutko Y. I. , Podluzhnyi D. V. , Saakyan M. S. , Kushlinski N. E. , Lubimova N. V/ , Timofeev Y. S. , Shakhbazyan R. G. , Polyakov A. N. , Kudashki N. E. , Tikhonov P. A. , Stilidi I. S.
Published: March 2023

At present, pancreaticoduodenoctomy causes the high incidence of complications. However, it is associated with an acceptable level of postoperative mortality. With this regard and taking into consideration a significant increase in survival in pancreatic cancer, it is highly relevant to study the negative functional outcomes of surgery and develop methods for their surgical prevention. The bibliographic review focuses on the features of three main postsurgical syndromes: gastric stasis, pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. The study shows the dependence of these syndromes on pathomorphological characteristics of pancreatic stump, preservation of the pyloric, the variant of pancreatodigestive anastomosis and other features of reconstructive stage of the surgery.
Aufgaben der Arbeitsgruppe „ Allergie“ der MAK-Kommission (Interview)
Authors:   Vorsitzende der AG Haut und Allergie der MAK-Kommission, Blömeke Brunhilde
Published: March 2023

Die ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, die sogenannte MAK-Kommission, ist in Arbeitsgruppen organisiert, die konkrete Arbeitspakete im Kontext der stofflichen Risikobewertung bearbeiten. Die Arbeitsgruppe „Allergie“ bewertet Arbeitsstoffe, Stoffgemische und Stoffgruppen hinsichtlich ihres (foto-)sensibilisierenden beziehungsweise allergenen Potenzials nach Hautkontakt oder Inhalation am Arbeitsplatz.
Prävalenz von Hautirritationen bei Pflegekräften durch das Verwenden von persönlicher Schutzausrüstung während der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Bereich Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg, Westermann Claudia
Published: March 2023

Prevention of adverse skin reactions among nursing staff through the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors for adverse skin reactions (ASR) due to occupational PPE use among nursing staff in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study uses a mixed methods design. A focus group was created with experts from the field of healthcare, and an online survey was then carried out among nursing staff. Influencing factors were identified using multivariate logistic regression via odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals. Results: A total of 2274 nursing staff took part in the survey, with 1967 included in the analysis. The prevalence of ASR was 61 %, with the great majority of subjects reporting having developed at least one adverse skin reaction on the face (94 %). Statistically significant predictors of the more frequent developing of new adverse skin reactions were the wearing of FFP masks for four or more hours, being female and younger, and a known contact allergies. A pre-existing skin disease had a protective effect. Conclusions: The prevalence of PPE-related ASR underlines the necessity for targeted preventive measures for nursing staff during pandemic situation. Keywords: healthcare worker – COVID-19 – personal protective equipment (PPE) – adverse skin reactions – pandemic
„Männer kriegen ´nen Herzinfarkt“ – Männergesundheit als Thema des Gesundheitsportals der BG RCI
Authors:   Präventionsabteilung Gesundheit-Medizin-Psychologie, Berufsgenossenschaft Rohstoffe und chemische Industrie, Heidelberg, Jansen Nicole
Published: March 2023

„Männer sind furchtbar stark, Männer können alles, Männer kriegen ´nen Herzinfarkt ...“ singt Herbert Grönemeyer 1984. Herzinfarkte bekommen auch Frauen, aber Männer dreimal häufiger. Die Lebenserwartung von Männern liegt mit 78,6 Jahren heute noch etwa fünf Jahre unter der von Frauen mit 83,4 Jahren (DESTATIS 2022). Was lange als gegeben hingenommen wurde, rückt nun stärker in den Fokus von Gesundheitspolitik und BGM.
Arbeitsgestaltung im Rahmen der Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Berlin, Schuller Katja , Beck David ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Berlin
Published: March 2023

Alle Arbeitgebende sind gesetzlich zur Berücksichtigung psychischer Belastung in der Gefährdungsbeurteilung verpflichtet. Eine Arbeitsgestaltung, die Gefährdungen durch psychische Belastung vermeidet, ist das Herzstück der Gefährdungsbeurteilung. Denn Arbeitgebende – so § 4 Arbeitsschutzgesetz (ArbSchG) – sind verpflichtet, „die Arbeit so zu gestalten, dass Gefährdungen für die physische und die psychische Gesundheit vermieden und die verbleibende Gefährdung möglichst geringgehalten wird“. Hierzu muss der Arbeitgeber auf Basis einer Beurteilung der mit der Arbeit verbundenen Gefährdung ermitteln, welche Maßnahmen des Arbeitsschutzes notwendig sind (§ 5 ArbSchG).
Interaktionsarbeit – Berücksichtigung spezifischer Belastungen in der Gefährdungsbeurteilung
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dortmund, Wehrmann Jonas
Published: March 2023

Die Bedeutung von Interaktionsarbeit hat in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten deutlich zugenommen. Gleichermaßen zeigt sich, dass bestehende Instrumente zur Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung die besonderen Anforderungen nur unzureichend erfassen. Aus der bislang geringen Berücksichtigung interaktionsspezifischer Belastungen resultiert die Notwendigkeit, künftig tätigkeitsspezifische Anforderungen stärker in den Prozess der Gefährdungsbeurteilung einzubeziehen.
Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz im Friseurhandwerk
Authors:   Institut für interdisziplinäre Dermatologische Prävention und Rehabilitation (iDerm) und Abt. Dermatologie, Umweltmedizin und Gesundheitstheorie an der Universität Osnabrück, Symanzik, Cara
Published: March 2023

Friseurinnen und Friseure sind deutlich häufiger einem breiten Spektrum haarkosmetischer Produkte ausgesetzt als Verbraucherinnen und Verbraucher. Die Chemikalien, mit denen Friseurinnen und Friseure täglich arbeiten, können ihre Gesundheit stark beeinträchtigen. In einem von der Europäischen Kommission geförderten Projekt wurde untersucht, wie der Gesundheitsschutz im Friseurhandwerk verbessert werden kann.