SÃ©lection VariÃ©tale Participative De Riz (Oryza Sativa L.) De Bas-Fonds Au Sud Du SÃ©nÃ©gal
Authors: Jean Bassene , BathÃ© Diop , IsmaÃ¯la Coly , Boubacar Bamba , SimÃ©on Bassene 
Published: August 2020

La production du riz dans les agro Ã©cosystÃ¨mes pluviaux du Sud duSÃ©nÃ©gal pourrait Ãªtre amÃ©liorÃ©e par la mise Ã  disposition des producteurs dâ€™unegamme variÃ©tale plus large et plus adaptÃ©e. Dans cette Ã©tude, 11 variÃ©tÃ©samÃ©liorÃ©es de riz en provenance dâ€™AfricaRice ont Ã©tÃ© introduites et conduitesen Ã©valuation participative dans la commune dâ€™Enampor en Basse Casamancepour leur adaptabilitÃ©. Quinze producteurs des villages de Brin, Badiate etEssyl ont Ã©tÃ© invitÃ©s pour Ã©valuer la performance des diffÃ©rentes variÃ©tÃ©spendant la phase de maturitÃ©. Ces variÃ©tÃ©s ont Ã©tÃ© semÃ©es suivant un dispositifen blocs complets randomisÃ©s dispersÃ©s dans les trois villages (Brin, Badiateet Essyl) oÃ¹ chaque site reprÃ©sente un bloc ou rÃ©pÃ©tition. Sur le planagronomique, les rÃ©sultats ont montrÃ© que les variÃ©tÃ©s WAC13-WAT21-2-1,(3,2 t/ha) FKR19 (2,9 t/ha) et IR75884-12-12-14-WAB1 (2,7 t/ha) ontprÃ©sentÃ© des rendements similaires au tÃ©moin BG 90-2 (2,6 t/ha), largementcultivÃ© dans la zone. La durÃ©e moyenne de 50% Ã©piaison des variÃ©tÃ©s testÃ©esest de 91 jours, relativement hÃ¢tives comparÃ©es Ã  celles gÃ©nÃ©ralement cultivÃ©esdans les Ã©cologies de bas-fond de la zone. Les variÃ©tÃ©s WAC13-WAT21-2-1et WAC18-WAT15-3-1 ont Ã©tÃ© les plus apprÃ©ciÃ©es par les producteurs selonles critÃ¨res de rendement en grain et hauteur des plantes. Les variÃ©tÃ©ssÃ©lectionnÃ©es par les producteurs ont prÃ©sentÃ© Ã©galement une bonne performance agronomique et ont Ã©tÃ© parmi les plus productives. Ces variÃ©tÃ©ssÃ©lectionnÃ©es pourraient Ãªtre de bonnes candidates pour une large diffusionpermettant ainsi dâ€™augmenter le choix des variÃ©tÃ©s cultivÃ©es dans la zone.Lâ€™implication des producteurs dans les programmes de sÃ©lection variÃ©talepourrait faciliter lâ€™adoption de nouvelles variÃ©tÃ©s quâ€™ils ont sÃ©lectionnÃ©essuivant leurs prÃ©fÃ©rences.
Rice production in the rainfed agro-ecosystems of Southern Senegalcould be improved by providing farmers with more diverse and adaptedvarieties. In this study, 11 improved rice varieties from AfricaRice wereintroduced and assessed for adaptability through participatory evaluation trialin the village of Enampor (Lower Casamance zone). Fifteen farmers from thevillages of Brin, Badiate and Essyl were invited to assess the performance ofthe different varieties at maturity stage. The varieties were sown following arandomized complete block design with three replications where each of thethree villages (Brin, Badiate and Essyl) represented a block/repetition. Results of the agronomical performance showed that the varieties WAC13-WAT21-2-1, (3.2 t / ha) FKR19 (2.9 t / ha) and IR75884-12-12-14-WAB1 (2, 7 t / ha)presented similar grain yields as for the check variety BG 90-2 (2.6 t / ha),widely cultivated in the targeted areas. Days to 50% heading for the differentvarieties was 91 days in average, relatively early compared to those generallycultivated in the same lowland ecologies. WAC13-WAT21-2-1 and WAC18-WAT15-3-1 were the most preferred varieties by farmers according to theirown criteria mainly related to grain yield and plant height. These selectedvarieties by farmers were also among the most performing as shown in thestatistical analysis of agro-morphological data. These varieties could be goodcandidates for wide diffusion in order to increase the list of high performingcultivated varieties in the targeted areas. Involving farmers in selection andbreeding programs could facilitate the adoption of new varieties which theyselected based on their preferences.