bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Execution of advanced solar‐shunt active filter for renewable power application
Authors: Sahoo Buddhadeva , Routray Sangram Keshari , Rout Pravat Kumar
Published: May 2021

This manuscript proposes a novel Solar‐shunt active filter (solar‐SHAF) controller for improving the power flow in a larger power‐application. The proposed fault and non‐linear detection unit (FANDU) avails faster disturbance detection. A novel FAND regulator (FANDR) is suggested to disconnect the solar power generation from the considered system within 10–12 s and the total inverter capacity is used for providing reactive power support to compensate the power fluctuation. A solar active power regulator (SAPR) is proposed to restore the active power output of the solar plant in a ramp‐wise manner after the successful damping of the power fluctuations. The restoration of rated solar power results offers a faster settling time in comparison to the standard grid code limits. The proposed approach is applicable for light, dark, and partial shading conditions. During the dark period, the total inverter capacity is used to compensate the power fluctuations and in partial shading conditions, the inverter is used to balance the solar power at its rated limit. The overall system is designed and tested through MATLAB software by considering different test conditions. It is analyzed that the suggested approach facilitates a significant improvement in power exchange on a 24/7 basis during the local and inter‐area fluctuating mode.
Optimal high‐level control of building HVAC system under variable price framework using partially linear model
Authors: He Yiliu , Zhong Haiwang , Tan Zhenfei , Zhan Jiayue
Published: May 2021

As typical thermostatic loads, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems possess high flexibility due to buildings' thermal inertia. It is beneficial to coordinate HVAC loads with power grid operations. However, it is difficult to model the HVAC loads of realistic buildings. A partially linear model is proposed to capture the electrothermal characteristics of building HVAC loads. The proposed model combines the explainability of a physically based model and the fitting capability of a data‐driven model. The model retains linearity regarding mapping the control variables to the HVAC load and thus is compatible with existing studies based on the assumption of a succinct HVAC load model. Based on the proposed model, an optimal control strategy is developed to minimize the HVAC operational cost while considering comfort requirements of occupants. EnergyPlus is used as the building simulation engine to validate the proposed model and optimal control strategy.
Correlation analysis of factors affecting wind power based on machine learning and Shapley value
Authors: Pang Chuanjun , Yu Jianming , Liu Yan
Published: May 2021

An analysis of the impact of various factors on wind power can help grid dispatchers understand the characteristics of wind power output and improve the accuracy of wind power forecasting. A correlation analysis method of factors affecting wind power is proposed based on machine learning and the Shapley value. First, factors affecting wind power and the method of constructing wind power models based on machine learning are introduced. Then, to measure the influence of factors on wind power, the Shapley value is proposed based on the wind power model. In addition, calculation methods, properties, and application scenarios of the Shapley value are introduced. Finally, based on the actual data of a wind farm, the method is used to analyse environmental factors affecting wind power, and the main factors affecting the wind farm are determined. The experimental results show that the method can identify important factors affecting wind power and measure the complex non‐linear relation between each environmental factor and wind power.
A remote healthcare monitoring framework for diabetes prediction using machine learning
Authors: Ramesh Jayroop , Aburukba Raafat , Sagahyroon Assim
Published: May 2021

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that affects millions of people each year. It is associated with an increased likelihood of vital organ failures and decreased quality of life. Early detection and regular monitoring are crucial for managing diabetes. Remote patient monitoring can facilitate effective intervention and treatment paradigms using current technology. This work proposes an end‐to‐end remote monitoring framework for automated diabetes risk prediction and management, using personal health devices, smart wearables and smartphones. A support vector machine was developed for diabetes risk prediction using the Pima Indian Diabetes Database, after feature scaling, imputation, selection and augmentation. This work achieved the performance metrics of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity scores at 83.20%, 87.20% and 79% respectively through the tenfold stratified cross validation method, which is competitive with existing methods. Patients can use multiple healthcare devices, smartphones and smartwatches to measure vital parameters, curb the progression of diabetes and close the communication loop with medical professionals. The proposed framework enables medical professionals to make informed decisions based on the latest diabetes risk predictions and lifestyle insights while attaining unobtrusiveness, reduced cost, and vendor interoperability.
High‐sensitivity synchronous image encryption based on improved one‐dimensional compound sine map
Authors: Wang Xingyuan , Zhang Maozhen
Published: May 2021

An improved one‐dimensional compound sine map is introduced. The evaluation of this chaotic system shows that it has high sensitivity and random chaotic behaviour. Based on this chaotic system, a new fast image encryption scheme is proposed. Through the cross‐processing of multiple chaotic sequences, two high‐sensitivity pseudo‐random sequences are generated, and the generated high‐sensitivity random sequence is used for synchronization cross‐processing in four directions. Using the symmetry of the image, the image is divided into four directions, and the processing of each direction is different based on the high‐sensitivity sequence and the chaotic value. Through one traversal, the entire image is processed four times differently. The encryption process is uncontrollable and invisible depending on the chaotic sequence. Simulation test results show that the algorithm has good encryption results, is sensitive to the initial secret key and provides satisfactory security capabilities compared with other algorithms.
Generation and prediction of flight delays in air transport
Authors: Li Qiang , Jing Ranzhe
Published: May 2021

This paper presents models for flight delay prediction by considering both the local effects and network effects for the individual airport. Following a complex network approach, the authors analyse the local and network effects separately. Results indicate that the long‐term flight delays are mainly caused by network effects, while the short‐term flight delays are strongly associated with local delays. Therefore, the existing factors such as temporal variables, weather condition and seasonal effects are replaced with specific novel factors (e.g. crowdedness degree of airport and air traffic system, demand‐capacity imbalance) for flight delay prediction. More specifically, this paper shows that the model prediction performance for both classification (predict whether the flight is delayed) and regression (predict the delay values) achieves higher accuracy when using the novel factors. Random Forest algorithms were trained and tested on the U.S. domestic flights in July 2018, and the results show that for classification model, the accuracy, precision and recall score reach 96.48%, 94.39% and 90.26% when classifying delays are within 15 min. Similarly, for regression model, 93.92% of the test errors are within 15 min.
Multi‐scale pedestrian detection based on self‐attention and adaptively spatial feature fusion
Authors: Wang Minjun , Chen Houjin , Li Yanfeng , You Yuhao , Zhu Jinlei
Published: May 2021

Pedestrian detection is a classic problem in computer vision, which has an essential impact on the safety of urban autonomous driving. Although significant improvement has been made in pedestrian detection recently, small‐scale pedestrian detection is still challenging. To effectively tackle this issue, a multi‐scale pedestrian detector based on self‐attention mechanism and adaptive spatial feature fusion is proposed in this paper. In order to better extract global information, the spatial attention mechanism asymmetric pyramid non‐local block (APNB) module is applied. To achieve scale‐invariance detection, multiple detection branches are designed, which include a high‐resolution detection branch and a low‐resolution detection branch. In integrating multi‐scale features, the adaptively spatial feature fusion (ASFF) method is employed, which can solve the problem of feature inconsistency across different scales. Experimental results show that the proposed method obtains competitive performance on Caltech and CityPersons datasets.
Polarised beampattern synthesis against array manifold mismatch
Authors: Shi Shuli , Xu Yougen , Zhao Kang , Liu Zhiwen
Published: May 2021

The problem of joint synthesis of spatial power pattern and mainlobe radiation polarisation using a vector antenna array is considered in the presence of array manifold errors. A general approach to the synthesis problem is to formulate the restriction on the power and radiation polarisation as a convex optimisation programing. However, for certain types of vector antennas like tripole and electromagnetic vector sensors, the optimal weights might be extremely large and the resultant beampattern could be very sensitive to the array manifold errors. An intuitive explanation on this phenomenon is given based on the subspace theory. A worst case performance optimisation technique‐ based scheme is presented to draw attention to the polarised beampattern synthesis against the large weights problem and array manifold errors. Numerical examples regarding different types of vector antennas used for one‐ and two‐dimensional polarised beampattern synthesis are provided to validate the efficacy of the scheme.
Biogenic synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Cissus quadrangularis and Piper betle and its antibacterial effects
Authors: Kasi Sofiya Dayana , Ramasamy Jothi Mani , Nagaraj Dharmalingam , Santiyagu Valanarasu , Ponraj Joice Sophia
Published: May 2021

Owing to its environment‐friendly, biocompatible, non‐toxic nature of nanoparticles attained from green plant extract, it has remarkable significance in the field of nanotechnology towards effective biomedical application. This work reports the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles by means of Cissus quadrangularis and Piper betle via green‐synthesis route. The medicinal leaf extracts possessing phytochemicals such as alkaloids and polyphenols act as a reducing agent in the current synthesis. The characterization of functional groups of CuO NPs by two different leaf extracts was investigated by FTIR analysis which measures reduction and stabilization of CuO NPs. X‐ray diffraction confirms the orthorhombic structure with an average crystallite size of about 32.54 and 32.09 nm. The irregular spherical‐shaped morphology of the samples is evidenced from scanning electron microscopy analysis. The transmission electron microscopy images demonstrated 50 nm sized prepared CuO nanoparticles. The bioactivity of the prepared sample is confirmed from antibacterial studies and zeta potential.
The top performer: Towards optimized parameters for reduced graphene oxide uniformity by spin coating
Authors: Reiner‐Rozman Ciril , Hasler Roger , Andersson Jakob , Rodrigues Teresa , Bozdogan Anil , Bintinger Johannes , Aspermair Patrik
Published: May 2021

Reduced graphene oxide has shown great potential for the fabrication of different electronic devices, especially biosensors and electric circuits. It allows the usage of simple deposition techniques such as drop casting or spin coating of graphene oxide solutions with a subsequent chemical, electrochemical, and/or thermal reduction to reduced graphene oxide. However, the utilized deposition strategy requires a defined protocol that ensures reproducibility. A study on a range of concentrations of GO and spin coating parameters is presented, aiming at the most uniform layers consisting of only single and double sheets for the application in electronic devices. The effect of film deposition on morphological parameters like the number of layers, overlaps, and surface coverage as well as the influence on electronic properties such as baseline stability and the transfer characteristics for the application as an electrolyte gated field‐effect transistor (EG‐FET) are shown. Best film characteristics and electronic properties are achieved by using a GO concentration of 214 μg/mL applied via spin coating with 1800 rpm, after surface modification with adhesive layer.
Copper‐based materials derived from metal‐organic frameworks for electrochemical sensing of hydrazine
Authors: Li Shi , Feng Wenshuai , Gao Xiaohui , Guo Aimin , Li Hongjian
Published: May 2021

An effective and rapid method for the detection of hydrazine hydrate is urgently needed as a result of its high toxicity and extensive use. Here, copper nanoparticles supported on carbon (written as: Cu NP/C) and copper oxide polycrystalline solids (written as: CuO PS), synthesized by calcining the same metal–organic framework at high temperature, were respectively used as electrode materials for electrochemical sensing hydrazine. The results show that the prepared Cu NP/C exhibits a better performance with a sensitivity of 0.1726 mA (mmol/L)−1, a wider linear range of 0.1–2.4 mM and a lower detection limit of 0.0014 mmol·L−1, compared to the obtained CuO PS. This can be reasonably explained by the lower copper valence state and its interaction with the carbon supports in Cu NP/C. Furthermore, the good selectivity and anti‐interference ability from the Cu NP/C are also acquired for electrochemical detection of hydrazine.
A critical review of metamaterial in wireless power transfer system
Authors: Rong Cancan , Lu Conghui , Zeng Yingqin , Tao Xiong , Liu Xiaobo , Liu Renzhe , He Xiangrui , Liu Minghai
Published: May 2021

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a promising charging method without physical contact for the electronic products energy supply. However, low transfer efficiency, short transmission distance, as well as the electromagnetic (EM) leakage are commonly main bottlenecks of the WPT technology in the practical applications. The electromagnetic metamaterials (EMMMs) used in WPT system have opened up a brand‐new approach for better transfer properties and EM shielding. This paper is intended to provide an overview of the current studies and breakthroughs of the WPT system based on EMMMs. First, we demonstrate the fundamentals of the WPT based on the magnetic resonant coupling. Then, various key considerations of the EMMMs, such as working mechanisms, fabrications have been taken into accounted in detail. Moreover, the applications of EMMM in WPT systems are elaborated. Finally, the technical challenges in connection with working frequency and design miniaturization are investigated in this paper. This novel interdisciplinary technology shows important meanings on the extensive application of energy transmission in the future.
Design and analysis of a novel AC‐side power decoupling circuit
Authors: Yonggao Zhang , Weidong Fu , Peng Liu , Yu Chang , Sheng Yan
Published: May 2021

A large amount of second (2ω) ripple power are coupled on the DC bus of a single‐phase inverter due to the output pulsating power. In this paper, a novel AC‐side power decoupling circuit (APDC) based on buck‐boost is proposed for a single‐phase inverter. The circuit is connected in parallel with the AC side of the inverter to realise the local decoupling of the pulsating power on the AC side. The working principle of APDC is elaborated and the switching sequence of APDC is derived. The corresponding pulse energy modulation (PEM) control strategy is designed to precisely control the decoupled power. The feasibility and superiority of the proposed APDC together with the PEM control strategy are finally verified by both the simulation and experimental results obtained on a 200 W single‐phase inverter. The results show that 2ω‐ripple power of the system can be effectively buffered and the capacitor capacity in the inverter system is greatly reduced.
A novel resonant ZVS power converter with self‐driven synchronous rectifier for low‐voltage high‐current applications
Authors: Nourieh Najmehossadat , Sun Yichuang , Simpson Oluyomi
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a novel isolated resonant zero‐voltage switching converter with a self‐driven synchronous rectifier for low‐voltage high‐current applications. The active resonant tank comprises of a transformer leakage inductance, a capacitor and a diode‐connected MOSFET which provides zero‐voltage switching conditions for all switches. Due to the use of leakage inductance of the transformer in both the primary and secondary sides, the resonant tank and the output section require no external inductor, resulting in a major size reduction of the circuit. The proposed converter has the advantages of high efficiency; low switching, conducting, and thermal losses; high switching frequency range and isolation; and small size. To verify the proposed converter, a laboratory prototype was manufactured with satisfactory performance. The practical results show that the power efficiencies of the converter including self‐driven synchronous rectifier for the light load and the full load are 91.9% and 94.95% at output power Pout =  20 W and Pout = 100 W, respectively.
Enhancement of DC‐bus voltage regulation in cascaded converter system by a new sensorless load current feedforward control scheme
Authors: Ali Majid , Yaqoob Muhammad , Cao Lingling , Loo Ka‐Hong
Published: May 2021

It is generally known that, with conventional PI control, the stability and dynamic response performances of a power converter cannot be optimized simultaneously. To overcome this limitation, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator assisted sensorless load current feedforward control for dc‐bus voltage regulation is presented to achieve fast dynamic response to load variations while stability is guaranteed by tuning PI controller. The proposed control scheme is verified on a cascaded converters system comprising a front end dc‐dc DAB converter followed by a single‐phase inverter as an illustrative case. Load‐current feedforward is used to enhance the transient response of the front end DAB converter while an uncertainty and disturbance estimator is used to compensate for any non‐idealities arising from model uncertainties and error in load current estimation. To validate the proposed control scheme, experimental results obtained from a 250‐W cascaded converter system are presented and compared rigorously to the performance of conventional PI control.
PWM techniques for an asymmetric multilevel binary inverter: an FPGA‐based implementation
Authors: Juárez‐Abad José A. , Barahona‐Avalos Jorge L. , Linares‐Flores Jesús
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the design and implementation of the conventional Level‐Shifted‐PWM (LS‐PWM) and the PWM‐hybrid modulation techniques in a Field‐Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) development card, applicable to binary asymmetric multilevel converters; particularly herein, the Binary‐Asymmetric Cascade Multilevel Inverter is treated (B‐ACMLI). We employ an FPGA‐based switching‐controller to provide pulses for Multilevel Inverter (MLI) power semiconductors via their gate‐drivers. The modulation strategies were implemented via an FPGA with a 32‐bit floating‐point architecture considering the IEEE‐754 standard's recommendations. The portability of the design is ensured using VHDL . The use of embedded RAM blocks minimizes the logical resources consumed into the FPGA, increases overall speed, and reduces power consumption. A comparison is presented in terms of the number of resources used in both modulation techniques. A low‐cost FPGA board named Pipistrello is used. Pipistrello is an FPGA development board for Xilinx Spartan‐6 LX45, designed by Saanlima Electronics. The platform consisting of a single‐phase seven‐level inverter B‐ACMLI hardware prototype. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the approach. As isolated voltage‐sources, photovoltaic modules are used for the experimental setup to the B‐ACMLI.
An interleaved ZVS ultra‐large gain converter for sustainable energy systems applications
Authors: Bagherian Alireza , Nouri Tohid , Shaneh Mahdi , Radmehr Mehdi
Published: May 2021

This paper proposes an interleaved zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) ultra‐large gain converter. By implementing coupled‐inductor (CI) and built‐in transformer (BIT) together with a switched capacitor (SC) voltage multiplier cell (VMC), a higher degree of flexibility is achieved for improvement of step‐up voltage gain in comparison with those in which only one of these magnetic devices is utilised. Furthermore, the imposed voltage across the semiconductors is reduced by adjusting the turns ratio of the implemented CI and BIT. To further improve the efficiency, semiconductor devices with low ON‐state resistance can be used. Moreover, to ensure ZVS turn‐on, active clamp circuits are located in parallel with the main MOSFETs, which realize ZVS for all MOSFETs during an entire switching cycle. Minimizing the input current ripple as well as attenuating the reverse recovery problem of the diodes are the other advantages of this converter. Therefore, the proposed converter is a suitable candidate for those applications requiring high step‐up gain and high conversion efficiency, such as renewable energy systems. To validate the performance of the proposed converter, a 600 W prototype with 22–380 V voltage conversion is designed, fabricated, and tested. Experimental results confirm that the proposed converter outperforms the previously presented ones in terms of the voltage gain and efficiency.
Power output evaluation of a wind–solar farm considering the influence parameters
Authors: Routray Aliva , Mistry Khyati D , Arya Sabha Raj , Chittibabu Baladhandautham
Published: May 2021

Power generation from a hybrid wind–solar farm depends on several parameters such as farm location (solar radiation, wind direction, wind speed), layout of farm, shadowing effect and ambient temperature. Based on the location, the hourly uncertain wind speeds and solar radiation are estimated using Kernel density estimation. An irregular crossed wind farm layout is considered for study as it reduces the effective wake effect, produced due to upstream wind turbines. Further solar panels are also fitted onto the wind farm in order to increase the power output using the same land. In this work, the wake analysis includes single as well as multi‐wake model. The output of the solar farm is affected by many parameters like irradiance, wind speed, atmospheric temperature, self‐shadowing of consecutive photovoltaic (PV) panels and turbine shadowing on PV panels. The power output from solar is calculated considering the temperature effect on PV cell, effect of wind speed on solar panel, self‐shadowing of PV panel and shadowing effect of wind turbine on solar panel.
Evaluation of parametric effect on transient stability of a multi‐unit hydroelectric generating system
Authors: Yang Tianyu , Chen Diyi
Published: May 2021

Transient stability of a multi‐unit hydroelectric generating system significantly influences the safety operation of power stations. The uncertainty of operating parameter is one of the important factors to influence the system stability during the transient process. For this reason, the target of this paper aims to explore the optimised operating parameter in order to enhance the stability of a multi‐unit hydroelectric generating system. To overcome the limitations of existing methods in literature, a new high‐dimensional, complex and non‐linear dynamic model of the multi‐unit hydroelectric generating system that combines the conventional hydro‐turbine governing system and the shaft system is established. Then, the dynamic behaviour of the proposed system targeting the transient process is exhaustingly investigated with the change of the critical parameters. The calm interval of critical parameters is also determined in order to improve the transient stability of the system. The obtained results not only enrich the theoretical knowledge of transient dynamics but also ensure the safety operation of hydropower stations. Meanwhile, the presented research method, high‐dimensional non‐linear dynamic model and the interesting findings in transient process can promote the development of the theory of non‐linear dynamics.
A novel protection scheme for hybrid transmission systems connected to DFIG‐based wind farms using game theory
Authors: Khalili Mehrdad , Namdari Farhad , Rokrok Esmaeel
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a single‐ended traveling wave‐based fault protection and location method using game theory for a hybrid multi‐terminal transmission system: an overhead line combined with submarine cables. This technique intends to locate and protect a fault regardless of whether it is on the overhead line or submarine cables. Initially, this study investigates the effects of reflection and refraction coefficients of the terminals on the conventional protections based on traveling wave theory. Furthermore, it presents a single‐end method to detect and locate faults on hybrid multi‐terminal transmission systems connected to doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms. Following that, the extracted traveling waves and the faulty‐segments were discriminated and identified, respectively, using the game theory. Regarding the extraction techniques of the traveling wave, this study also employs two techniques, including discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and mathematical morphology filter (MMF) to process the signals and investigate the sensitivity of the proposed scheme. The results of the simulation studies that used PSCAD/EMTDC confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the proposed protection scheme in all possible types of faults on the overhead line and submarine cables. The proposed technique also signifies noise immunity.
Adaptive scheme protecting renewable‐dominated micro‐grids against usual topology‐change events
Authors: Abbaspour Ehsan , Fani Bahador , Karami‐Horestani Alireza
Published: May 2021

Miscoordination and faulty operation are the two main protection challenges of renewable Distributed Generations (DGs) in Distribution Networks (DNs) and Micro‐Grids (MGs). Although various approaches have already been presented in the literature, none of them has proposed a solution for simultaneous impact of DN/MG reconfigurations and DGs’ protection challenges. Topology‐change being a usual method in decreasing power loss or voltage deviations, it would be preferable to have an online adaptive scheme considering all protection challenges together. Hence, the ordinary overcurrent relays using the IEC 61850 protocol capabilities are utilized in an algorithm capable of definitely assigning which relays are responsible for the on‐going fault and which ones are not. That is, the algorithm is applied on a peer‐mode multi‐agent system (MAS) structure. First, the relay agents are classified into radial and loop Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs). When a relay detects the fault, the MAS will find the responsible VLAN and instantly isolate other VLANs, including their agents. Next, the main and backup relays using the proposed communication map are assigned within the responsible VLAN. Last, a suitable protection algorithm is applied on the selected relays, according to direction of fault current.
Techno‐economic analysis of direct combustion and gasification systems for off‐grid energy supply: A case for organic rankine cycle and dual fluidized‐bed
Authors: Bagherian Mohammad Ali , Mehranzamir Kamyar , Ahmed Jubaer , Nafea Marwan , Nabipour‐Afrouzi Hadi , Wooi Chin‐leong , Beiranvand Pour Amin , Rezania Shahabaldin , Alizadeh Seyed Morteza
Published: May 2021

Biomass is one of the most versatile sustainable energy sources. This versatility allows utilization of different biomass feedstock using a verity of conversion techniques. Often, a biomass‐to‐bioenergy conversion method is selected depending on the application, end‐use product, and the type of feedstock. In many applications such as residential energy supply, it is possible to select amongst various technologies. Although, there exist several challenges such as cost‐effectiveness and sustainability that constrains bioenergy development. To this end, this research elaborates on the impacts of different conversion methods on techno‐economic performance of bioenergy systems for residential energy supply. In this context, Organic Rankine Cycle based on direct combustion, and Dual Fluidized‐Bed technology based on gasification were selected for that purpose. A techno‐economic comparative analysis illustrates that the primary product of the system and fuel cost are the two most important factors in feasibility assessment. The negative impact of feedstock price was more severe on the Organic Rankine Cycle. For wood chips prices below 55$/t, Organic Rankine Cycle could be the better option due to lower capital and maintenance costs. In contrast, Dual Fluidized‐Bed could better tolerate the variation of feedstock price; offering 8% lower cost of energy at 65$/t wood chips.
Multi‐satellite autonomous orbit determination by game‐theoretic optimization in space service volume
Authors: Lin Kui , Zhan Xingqun , Yang Rong , Chi Cheng , Chang Jin
Published: May 2021

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are increasingly used for multi‐satellite missions in space service volume (SSV). However, the performance of GNSS‐based autonomous orbit determination (AOD) for SSV users is severely constrained by limited measurement accuracy and signal availability. Relative measurement and orbital dynamic models can be used to improve the AOD performance when the estimator is prone to divergence due to the cross‐correlation of the distributed formation network. In this paper, a sequential game‐theoretic (SGT) optimization algorithm is proposed to deal with cross‐correlation issues when fusing the GNSS and relative measurements for dynamic AOD in the SSV field. A four geostationary Earth orbit satellite mission is simulated as the case study for the AOD performance analysis. The conventional sequential covariance intersection (SCI) is also presented for comparison purposes. The simulation results show that with the combination of GNSS and relative measurements with 10 m and 0.1 m precision, the SGT‐based AOD can achieve about 1.9 m three‐dimensional positioning accuracy, which is 80% better than in the GNSS‐only case. It is also demonstrated that the SGT‐based AOD is superior to the SCI‐based AOD by 50% in the fusion of GNSS and relative measurements in the range of 1–10 m and with 0.1–0.001 m accuracy.
Towards real-time quantum imaging with single photon avalanche diode cameras
Authors: Defienne Hugo , Faccio Daniele
Published: May 2021

By harnessing the properties of photonic quantum states and their interaction with the environment, quantum imaging promises to go beyond the limits of classical imaging. However, the inherent weakness of detected signals and the fragility of quantum states make their properties difficult to measure in practice. In recent years, the emergence of single-photon sensitive cameras enabled the field to take a step closer to practical applications. In this respect, singlephoton avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras are one the most promising technologies as they can detect single photons across many pixels with unparalleled speed, temporal resolution, and very low noise.
Semiconductor single-photon sources: progresses and applications
Authors: Senellart Pascale
Published: May 2021

Single photons are the cornerstones of many applications in quantum technologies, from quantum computing to quantum networks. A new technology for the generation of single-photons has recently emerged, allowing a ten-time increase in efficiency with near-unity quantum purity. These single-photon sources are based on semiconductor quantum dots in optical microcavities.
Distance learning of psychology students in the context of a pandemic: an analysis of the experience gained
Authors: Khanova Zoya G. , Akhmedova Muslimat G. , Kaiasheva Olga I.
Published: May 2021

The conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to difficulties in teaching students majoring in psychology, and the need to develop recommendations for universities to improve the system of distance learning at higher education institutions. Training of practical psychologists requires mandatory full-time participation in sessions of psychological counseling, passing supervision, familiarization with the leading areas of psychological counseling and psychotherapy, psychodiagnostics, and psychocorrective measures. These aspects are complicated by the restrictions caused by the pandemic, which complicates also the subsequent internship based on psychological centers, and the need to conduct practical training courses in a remote format. The purpose of the present research is to identify opportunities to improve the efficiency of distance learning for students majoring in psychology as well as university teachers in the context of the pandemic. The developed recommendations will be useful for improving the learning process of students of psychological specialties at higher education institutions. The proposed recommendations concern changes in the schedule of the university curriculum, and providing qualified support to teachers and students from the university’s psychological service and administration, implementing master classes for university practitioners, providing free access to video recordings of sessions of leading psychology consultants, as well as free practical online conferences and webinars of professional psychological and psychotherapeutic communities.
Personally significant topic and a new typology of lessons in contemporary education
Authors: Shogan Vladimir V. , Storozhakova Ekaterina V. , Metelkina Zhanna S. , Ageeva Valentina A.
Published: May 2021

The prerequisites for the present article have been abstracting and moving away from the knowledge-based learning paradigm, creating innovative forms of lessons that carry elements of metadisciplinarity, and the transformation of a set of lessons combined into personally-significant topics into a complete technological complex. A personally significant topic, in its productivity, carries a change in the pupil’s attitude to the world. It is understood as a structural unit of this change. The article offers an invariant structure that includes image, analysis, meaning, action, and reflection, which corresponds to new types of lessons, namely, image lesson, thinking lesson, mood lesson, independent action lesson, as well as actualization and reflection lesson. In general, the proposed set of lessons represents a new technology, whose purpose is to address the subject content to the emotional sphere of pupils, to perceive the value-semantic basis of the topic as conditions for future digital analysis. The methods used included observing the work of the experimental and control classes, test tasks, using the valuable words of the text, and color analysis of emotional expressions. The results of this work have been aimed at improving the quality of pupils’ knowledge, developing ways of thinking, appealing to the value-semantic context of the humanities-based subjects, and embodying the acquired competencies in action situations as the basis for adaptation and socialization of the education subject.
University reform and autonomy: S.M. Solovyov’s apologia
Authors: Yalozina Elena A.
Published: May 2021

The article looks at the problem insufficiently explored within Russian historiography, namely the administrative and managerial activities carried out by the 19th-century Russian historian S.M. Solovyov. This research aims to study the theoretical and practical contribution made by Solovyov to the development and implementation of the basic principles within the system of higher education in Russia. The article shows his achievements, potential, and the difficulties he faced in the course of solution of the organizational and managerial tasks. An important result of the research, which reflects its novelty, is a comprehensive exploration of the institutional source materials. This approach allows the authors to understand and restore the history of the development of Russian universities at the stage of implementation of the 1863 Charter, which was characterized by unconventional situations in the relations between the bodies of power and the university professorial corporation. The work also describes Solovyov’s strategy and tactics as an administrator in the context of violations of the University Charter of 1863 by the government circles. The authors make conclusions about Solovyov’s moral qualities, who, as a true historian, while holding a senior administrative position, understood his duty to his country as protection of the interests of science and the principles of university autonomy and serving education.
Ethics and humanities education in the era of global processes
Authors: Razin Alexander V. , Akhmedova Muslimat G.
Published: May 2021

The article shows the importance of teaching ethics for the development of humanitarian education, as well as reveals the problematic issues of contemporary ethical knowledge. The authors consider the issue of the influence of digital technologies on remote communication of people, analyzing in this regard the network communications. It is shown that they correspond to morality, in which the communication of people is supposed to be unlimited by formal institutions, and is characterized by a broad discourse. The used methodology is based on the ethics of discourse, works on virtue ethics, modern brain research, neurophilosophy, and evolutionary ethics. Besides, the authors show the importance of virtue ethics and demonstrate that neurophilosophy and evolutionary ethics are unable to explain the entire variety of human behavior, in particular, to explain why a person is able to set himself supertasks. The article analyzes the development specifics of global processes that often cause the transformation of moral behavior motives. The novelty of the research consists in demonstrating the combination of ethical (humanitarian) and natural science knowledge, which corresponds to the development stage of contemporary science, which is characterized as post-nonclassical.
The problem of spiritual and moral potential fulfillment in the works of Russian literature in the context of the contemporary educational system
Authors: Kamenets Aleksandr V. , Anufrieva Natalia I. , Shcherbakova Anna I. , Anufriev Eugeny A. , Kuznetsova Elena O.
Published: May 2021

The article considers the possibilities of using Russian classical literature in the contemporary learning activity. The authors reveal promising areas and pedagogical strategies for involving the younger generation in the learning of literary classics, as well as propose new conceptual approaches to solving this problem in contemporary society. The article deals with the results of the conducted study on the capabilities of fiction in forming the worldview and value orientations of the younger generation, as well as outlines the further prospects in improving the efficiency of spiritual and moral upbringing of the younger generation based on literary works. The article describes the advantage of value-oriented immersion of pupils in literary and artistic reality, which consists in the possibility of discussing many personal problems of children, adolescents, and young people in an indirect form, using the example of literary plots, characters, situations described in the works, which contributes to the necessary self-revelation of the participants in such discussions. The pedagogical strategy considered in the article is implemented through the creation of a kind of “intertext”, which, in contrast to its usual postmodern version of the information space with computer information technologies, is a process of “imposition” of several communicative spaces, namely, pedagogical, “existential experience” of students, literary and artistic reality, and scenery-directing space.
Digitalization in the field of music education: assessment of prospects
Authors: Pereverzeva Marina V. , Davydova Anna A. , Zhilina Anna V. , Meleshkina Elena A. , Baidalinov Sergei N.
Published: May 2021

Preconditions of the research: in the course of implementation of federal program of digitalization of all areas of life, the digital format has been applied for education of musicians in higher schools. In this regard, the research objective is assessment of digitalization results of modern departments of music in Moscow universities (RSSU, MPGU), determination of prospects and issues of this process. The research was based on common methods of analysis: system analysis, instrumental and functional approaches, dialectic and comparative analysis, as well as sociological and statistic methods. Results: it is possible to conclude that in Russia digitalization of higher music education leads to improvement of its quality in total; provides higher level of mastering programs by students, expansion of range of acquired competences and opportunities to obtain high-quality education by broader range of people. Herewith, digitalization does not deprive art education of its inherently individualistic and practice-oriented approaches (individual lessons, independent creative work, rehearsals, etc.). The novelty of the work is comprised of substantiation of efficiency of digital educational environment in universities and departments of music, which is a promising approach promoting development of higher education in Russia and allowing to achieve qualitatively new level of music pedagogics. The practical significance of the work is in disclosure of problems of music education digitalization.
Humanitarian knowledge in the context of the media landscape
Authors: Rudneva Svetlana E.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the issues of the humanitarian education system in the information society. The initial prerequisites are the spread of a technocratic approach to determining priorities in education, professional development of personnel, based on new strategies aimed at training a specialist, who has a high degree of knowledge of information technologies but does not have a general humanitarian culture. This situation can lead to negative civilisational implications over time because scientific and technological progress without considering the cultural component can cause moral and spiritual regression. The article substantiates the important role of humanitarian education in the system of fundamental education. Humanitarian education is perceived as a set of knowledge about the history, development patterns of human civilisation, showing the intellectual level of human society, its self-consciousness, the need for a holistic approach to studying human beings and the world around them. Humanitarian education should ensure the formation of moral consciousness, the worldview, and the life stance of the individual, his qualities, beliefs, and motives of activity. When preparing the article, the authors used the analysis and synthesis method, as well as a method of systematisation of the empirical and theoretical data available on the topic under consideration. The outcomes of the conducted research, their scientific novelty, consist in identifying humanitarian education priorities in the current context, its role in forming ideas about values, and the individual’s worldview. As stated in the article, the main task of humanitarian education is to create conditions for forming an individual’s worldview, moral consciousness, life stance, beliefs, motives, and to develop his qualities.
Psychological factors of ICT competence formation in part-time students of the specialty “Preschool education”
Authors: Lokhvytska Liubov , Martovytska Nataliia
Published: May 2021

The transience of time and the use of information and communication technology (ICT) have led to the urgent necessity – the formation of the educational process subjects’ ICT competence. In today’s educational sector in Ukraine and foreign countries, the studied phenomenon has acquired special significance. The goal: a) theoretical analysis of various aspects of the individual’s ICT competence formation, clarification of the essential content of the concept and offer its working definition; b) figuring out psychological factors of influence and their constructs on the ICT competence formation; determination of criteria, indexes and levels of the studied phenomenon formation; c) empirical study of the influence of psychological factors on the ICT competence formation in applicants for educational services of higher education institutions (part-time students of 2 Ukrainian universities). Conceptually psychological factors which have an influence on the ICT competence formation were characterized. The main criteria of ICT competence were offered, their indexes were defined and the description of levels of formation was given. According to the results of the empirical study the dependence of the influence of various psychological factors on the ICT competence formation in accordance with the pedagogical experience of 187 respondents was found out.
Das Therapieende gestalten
Authors: Schäfer SAC P. Klaus
Published: May 2021

Wenn die Intensivmedizin bei einem Patienten erkennt, dass es unmöglich ist, sein Leben zu retten, geht es darum, dieses Leben nicht künstlich zu verlängern, sondern ein möglichst natürliches Sterben zu ermöglichen.
Akzeptanz der Videotherapie an einer Ausbildungsambulanz für Verhaltenstherapie für Kinder und Jugendliche in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Bernheim Dorothee , Keller Ferdinand , Fegert Jörg M. , Sukale Thorsten
Published: May 2021

Hintergrund Der erste Lockdown der Corona-Pandemie im Frühjahr 2020 erforderte die zeitnahe Etablierung der Videotherapie als digitales Angebot, um Kinder und Jugendliche mit psychotherapeutischen Maßnahmen regelmäßig versorgen zu können.

Methode Kinder und Jugendliche, Sorgeberechtigte und Therapeuten einer verhaltenstherapeutischen Ausbildungsambulanz wurden im Zeitraum von April bis August 2020 gebeten, im Anschluss an jede videobasierte Psychotherapiesitzung einen eigens konstruierten „Fragebogen zur Akzeptanz der Videotherapie“ (FAV) auszufüllen. Der Fragebogen enthält die Skalen „Therapeutische Beziehung“, „Therapeutische Methoden“, „Umgebungsfaktoren“ sowie „Akzeptanz“.

Ergebnis Der Etablierbarkeit einer „therapeutischen Beziehung“ in der Videotherapie stimmten alle 3 Gruppen „völlig zu“. Der Möglichkeit der Umsetzung von Methoden („Therapeutische Technik“), Herstellbarkeit einer konzentrierten Arbeitsatmosphäre („Umgebungsfaktoren“) und Zufriedenheit mit dem Medium Videotherapie („Akzeptanz“) wurde „eher zugestimmt“. Die kritischste Position nahmen die Therapeuten hinsichtlich der Vermittelbarkeit verhaltenstherapeutischer Methoden ein. Prädiktorenanalysen zeigten einen Einfluss von Alter und Geschlecht von Patienten auf die Akzeptanzeinschätzung der Therapeuten.

Schlussfolgerung Es scheint möglich zu sein, im Rahmen der Videotherapie eine therapeutische Beziehung zu etablieren und diese – vor allem auch auf Patientenseite – zufriedenstellend zu gestalten. Die Zufriedenheit der Therapeuten schien von weiteren Faktoren abhängig zu sein, wie der Komplexität des behandelten Störungsbildes oder der Definition eines ausreichenden Sicherheits- und Notfallmanagements. Je routinierter der Umgang mit der Videotherapie, desto kreativer gestaltete sich der Einsatz therapeutischer Methoden. Die Videotherapie kann daher als wertvolle Ergänzung zur herkömmlichen „Face-to-face“-Therapie und als zukunftsweisendes Tool in der Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapie betrachtet werden.