bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of knowledge and skills in information literacy instruction for rehabilitation sciences students: a scoping review
Authors: Boruff Jill T. , Harrison Pamela
Published: January 2018

Objective: This scoping review investigates how knowledge and skills are assessed in the information literacy (IL) instruction for students in physical therapy, occupational therapy, or speech-language pathology, regardless of whether the instruction was given by a librarian. The objectives were to discover what assessment measures were used, determine whether these assessment methods were tested for reliability and validity, and provide librarians with guidance on assessment methods to use in their instruction in evidence-based practice contexts.Methods: A scoping review methodology was used. A systematic search strategy was run in Ovid MEDLINE and adapted for CINAHL; EMBASE; Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) (EBSCO); Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA); Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA); and Proquest Theses and Dissertations from 1990 to January 16, 2017. Forty articles were included for data extraction.Results: Three major themes emerged: types of measures used, type and context of librarian involvement, and skills and outcomes described. Thirty-four measures of attitude and thirty-seven measures of performance were identified. Course products were the most commonly used type of performance measure. Librarians were involved in almost half the studies, most frequently as instructor, but also as author or assessor. Information literacy skills such as question formulation and database searching were described in studies that did not involve a librarian.Conclusion: Librarians involved in instructional assessment can use rubrics such as the Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education (VALUE) when grading assignments to improve the measurement of knowledge and skills in course-integrated IL instruction. The adapted Fresno test could be modified to better suit the real-life application of IL knowledge and skills.
Building capacity to encourage research reproducibility and #MakeResearchTrue
Authors: Rethlefsen Melissa L. , Lackey Mellanye J. , Zhao Shirley
Published: January 2018

Background: Research into study replication and reporting has led to wide concern about a reproducibility crisis. Reproducibility is coming to the attention of major grant funders, including the National Institutes of Health, which launched new grant application instructions regarding rigor and reproducibility in 2015.Study Purpose: In this case study, the authors present one library’s work to help increase awareness of reproducibility and to build capacity for our institution to improve reproducibility of ongoing and future research.Case Presentation: Library faculty partnered with campus research leaders to create a daylong conference on research reproducibility, followed by a post-conference day with workshops and an additional seminar. Attendees came from nearly all schools and colleges on campus, as well as from other institutions, nationally and internationally. Feedback on the conference was positive, leading to efforts to sustain the momentum achieved at the conference. New networking and educational opportunities are in development.Discussion: Libraries are uniquely positioned to lead educational and capacity-building efforts on campus around research reproducibility. Costs are high and partnerships are required, but such efforts can lead to positive change institution-wide.
Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)
Authors: Patridge Emily F. , Bardyn Tania P.
Published: January 2018

Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a web-based application developed by Vanderbilt University to capture data for clinical research and create databases and projects.
117th Annual Meeting, Medical Library Association, Inc., Seattle, WA, May 26–31, 2017
Authors: Mitchell Nicole
Published: January 2018

The Medical Library Association (MLA) held its 117th annual meeting in Seattle, Washington, May 26–31, 2017, at the Washington State Convention Center. The meeting theme was “Dream, Dare, Do.”
Un escenario para las élites: la Filarmónica de Madrid (1872-1874) y su producción sinfónica
Authors: Ríos Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2018

En 1872 se funda la Filarmónica de Madrid, una sociedad desconocida hasta la fecha, creada por varios nobles y que durará solamente hasta 1874. En este corto periodo programan cerca de veinte conciertos en la Escuela de Nacional de Música y Declamación. Entre las obras elegidas se combinan las de cámara y las sinfónicas, contando la orquesta con no más de cuarenta músicos en sus mejores momentos. La actividad de la agrupación entronca con la de la Sociedad de Conciertos, buscando cimentar el sinfonismo en España. A través del presente artículo se estudiará su formación, reglamento, público y repertorio, dando una mayor visibilidad a las obras de compositores españoles creadas ex profeso.
Interconexões: ecossistemas comunicacionais e processos de criação
Authors: Lopes Rafael De Figueiredo , Freitas Ítala Clay de Oliveira
Published: January 2018

ResumoO artigo delineia pistas acerca da perspectiva dos ecossistemas comunicacionais propondo sua articulação com processos de criação artística. O objetivo é ampliar possibilidades para compreender aspectos relacionados a interconexões comunicacionais em fluxos criativos na arte contemporânea. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica baseia-se em pressupostos do viés sistêmico e complexo dos Ecossistemas Comunicacionais em diálogo com preceitos teóricos de Processos de Criação, concebidos por Cecilia Almeida Salles. A sistematização da análise apoia-se em dados observados na obra do artista visual amazonense Otoni Mesquita. Como resultado, percebe-se que processos artístico-comunicacionais produzem significados em constante transformação, pela interação dinâmica entre ser humano, ambiente e acoplamentos culturais e tecnológicos.Palavras-chave: Ecossistemas Comunicacionais. Processos de Criação. Arte. Otoni Mesquita.
Growth and Ethylene Production in Eucalyptus Clones Sensitive to Shoot Blight, Submitted to Hypoxia and High Levels of Manganese
Authors: Pinheiro Lacerda Fellip Januário , Novais Sarah Vieira , Palha Leite Fernando , Ferreira Novais Roberto
Published: January 2018

Eucalyptus shoot blight in the Rio Doce Valley (ESBVRD) is a physiological anomaly that has been related to hypoxic environment and Mn excess. This study had the objective of understanding the mechanisms involved in the differential tolerance of eucalyptus clones to ESBVRD. Two experiments were carried out: (I) two clones, a sensitive and a ESBVRD tolerant, two O2 concentrations (normal and hypoxic) and five concentrations of Mn (0, 5, to 90 mg L-1); (II) same two eucalyptus clones, two O2 concentrations (normal and mild hypoxic) and two Mn concentrations (30 and 300 mg L-1). The hypoxic condition reduced the plant dry weight and increased the production of ethylene in the two clones, both more strikingly in the sensitive clone. The O2 deficiency was the first factor predisposing the clones to ESBVRD, in contrast to Mn excess, that appeared to act over a longer period for the expression of the symptoms.
Características microbiológicas, patogenicidade e viabilidade do Entercoccus faecalis e seu cultivo in vitro em pesquisas microbiológicas na área da Endodontia
Authors: Zandoná Julia , Souza Matheus Albino
Published: January 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi revisar a literatura e descrever as características microbiológicas, patológicas e clínicas do Enterococcus faecalis na Odontologia, afim de justificar o seu uso em pesquisas microbiológicas na área da Endodontia. E. faecalis são bactérias gram-positivas que habitam o trato gastrointestinal e cavidade oral de seres humanos. Este patógeno possui requisitos específicos para estabelecer uma infecção endodôntica e manter a resposta inflamatória. Essa contaminação do canal pode aderir-se à parte mineral da dentina por meio do ácido lipopoliteicóico e ao colágeno através da substância de agregação. O isolamento do E. faecalis de canais radi¬culares em infecções persistentes está relacionado à casos assintomáticos e que exprimem o insucesso da terapia endodôntica, devido à baixa sensibilidade a agentes antimicrobianos e com a habilidade em inativá-los, apresentando assim, poucas exigências para o seu crescimento e desenvolvimento no sistema de canais radiculares. A presente revisão de literatura permitiu concluir que apesar de as infecções persistentes serem polimicrobianas apresentam a predominância de E. faecalis. Este microrganismo possui características particulares quanto à sua patogênese, microbiologia e viabilidade aos procedimentos e biomateriais empregados na terapia endodôntica, ressaltando a importância da discussão dos seus fatores de virulência e a evolução da pesquisa nessa área.
Antecedentes y aproximación teórica sobre identidad territorial y desarrollo local en la zona norte de la ciudad de Tipitapa, Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Espinoza Rivera Samanta María
Published: January 2018

El presente artículo surge de la necesidad de comenzar con la revisión documental relacionado con el tema de investigación “identidad territorial y desarrollo local en la zona norte de la ciudad de Tipitapa, municipio de Tipitapa, departamento de Managua 2017-2019”. Tiene como propósito identificar los estudios realizados, así como los planteamientos teóricos existentes sobre el tema en cuestión. Para la realización del escrito se auxilió de la técnica de la revisión bibliográfica y análisis documental. Se puede concluir, que para el estudio de la identidad territorial existen investigaciones que tratan el estudio de la identidad desde la comprensión del sentido de pertenencia que tiene una comunidad sobre la ocupación del espacio, su tierra, ambiente y recursos naturales. En definitiva, los rasgos de identidad con el territorio, se ven influenciado por la asociación entre las condiciones subjetivas y objetivas de los habitantes, es decir, la actitud que la población tiene del lugar está condicionada por las oportunidades de desarrollo o la estructura económica que prevalece en función del desarrollo territorial.
On the relation of self-efficacy and coping with the experience of childbirth
Authors: Sánchez-Cunqueiro María J , Comeche María Isabel , Docampo Domingo
Published: January 2018

Objective: To analyze the relationship between self-efficacy expectancies, the use of coping behavior strategies during labor and satisfaction after childbirth.Methods: A quantitative observational design was applied as part of a correlational study conducted in the maternity unit of a Hospital Complex that welcomes nearly 4,000 births each year at Vigo, Spain, between 2014 and 2015. A total of 276 low-risk pregnant women were recruited to undertake a self-assessment of their childbirth experience at two stages: within the last three months of pregnancy and within two weeks after labor. Data were collected through the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory to measure self-efficacy expectancies as well as coping, along with a 6 items, 10-point Likert scale to measure satisfaction after childbirth.Results and conclusions: Pearson product-moment correlation supported the positive association of self-efficacy expectancies scores with coping during labor. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed gains in satisfaction after childbirth associated with coping during labor. Women with larger scores in self-efficacy were found to use coping strategies during labor, had a more positive evaluation of the childbirth experience and showed significant gains in satisfaction after childbirth. The study supports the efforts of healthcare professionals to increase satisfaction with the childbirth experience by helping to enhance self-efficacy and coping in pregnant women.
Gênero como sertão, veredas em construção – filme, minissérie e livro
Authors: Silva Ana Cristina Teodoro da
Published: January 2018

A proposta é expor questões de gênero, especificamente os papéis atribuídos a homens e mulheres, refletindo sobre o masculino e o feminino e suas relações, no filme Grande Sertão (1965), na minissérie (1985) e no livro Grande Sertão: Veredas (1956). Inspirados no livro, os audiovisuais elaboraram narrativas próprias no que diz respeito à relação entre as personagens centrais, Riobaldo e Diadorim, atribuindo valores e simplificando a tensão complexa da obra escrita. Com estas narrativas, temos características, que podem ser comparadas, das relações de gênero no Brasil dos anos 1950, 1960, e 1980, que não deixam de ser atuais, e possibilitam problematização e reflexão em uma leitura com os recursos das discussões contemporâneas sobre o tema.
O humor impresso em páginas periódicas: ilustração e humor em algumas páginas de O Cruzeiro – Amigo da Onça, Garotas e Melindrosas
Authors: Campos Daniela Queiroz
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo aborda a ilustração nas páginas da revista de variedades nacional O Cruzeiro. Problematiza a imagem, em especial a ilustração, como fator de relevância nas revistas brasileiras do século XX. O humor também constitui característica daquelas páginas periódicas. Na revista O Cruzeiro de 1928 até 1975 muitos formam os personagens de humor que se realçaram, entre estes aqui aborda-se três: o Amigo da onça, as Garotas e as Melindrosas. A ilustração e o humor de Péricles Magalhães, Alceu Penna e J. Carlos afamam-se e constituem importantes personagens da arte gráfica nacional.
O frontispício da igreja da ordem terceira de São Francisco de Assis de São João Del-Rei: uma análise formal
Authors: Precioso Daniel
Published: January 2018

O templo da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco de Assis de São João Del-Rei, construído a partir da década de 1770, é, ao lado do congênere de Ouro Preto, um dos mais festejados exemplares do chamado “Barroco Mineiro”. Este artigo propõe uma análise formal da fachada do referido templo, sob o ponto de vista da história das formas estilísticas de Heinrich Wölfflin. Procuraremos demonstrar que, apesar do mestre-de-obras Francisco de Lima Cerqueira não ter executado as formas abauladas tal como projetadas pelo Aleijadinho, o templo franciscano adotou formas curvilíneas características do estilo barroco, assim como um frontão e uma portada ricamente ornamentados.
Esse é o show da Luna: investigando gênero, ensino de ciências e pedagogias culturais
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Rodrigues de , Magalhães Joanalira Corpes
Published: January 2018

Este artigo, tem como objetivo discutir as questões de gênero, ensino de ciências e pedagogias culturais a partir do desenho animado O Show da Luna, bem como analisar as percepções de algumas crianças, de uma escola do município do Rio Grande/RS, acerca desse artefato cultural. O trabalho se fundamenta a partir dos Estudos Culturais e de Gênero, nas vertentes pós-estruturalistas. Enquanto metodologia de análise dos dados utilizamos a Análise Cultural. Nas análises realizamos dois movimentos: no primeiro discutimos as potencialidades pedagógicas do desenho analisado; no segundo movimento investigamos a fala das crianças participantes.
Polydactyly of the Hand
Authors: Comer Garet C. , Potter Michael , Ladd Amy L.
Published: January 2018

Polydactyly is one of the most common congenital hand deformities managed by orthopaedic surgeons. It is most often found in isolation; however, rarely, it may be associated with genetic syndromes. Polydactyly is classified as postaxial, preaxial, or central depending on the radioulnar location of the duplicated digits. Postaxial polydactyly, which affects the ulnar side of the hand, is most common and is typically managed with excision or suture ligation of the supernumerary digit. Preaxial polydactyly, which affects the thumb or radial side of the hand, often requires reconstructive techniques to ensure a functional, stable thumb. Central polydactyly is much less common, and reconstruction can be challenging.
Blood-loss Management in Spine Surgery
Authors: Bible Jesse E. , Mirza Muhammad , Knaub Mark A.
Published: January 2018

Substantial blood loss during spine surgery can result in increased patient morbidity and mortality. Proper preoperative planning and communication with the patient, anesthesia team, and operating room staff can lessen perioperative blood loss. Advances in intraoperative antifibrinolytic agents and modified anesthesia techniques have shown promising results in safely reducing blood loss. The surgeon’s attention to intraoperative hemostasis and the concurrent use of local hemostatic agents also can lessen intraoperative bleeding. Conversely, the use of intraoperative blood salvage has come into question, both for its potential inability to reduce the need for allogeneic transfusions as well as its cost-effectiveness. Allogeneic blood transfusion is associated with elevated risks, including surgical site infection. Thus, desirable transfusion thresholds should remain restrictive.
Orthopaedic Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Vanderhave Kelly L. , Perkins Crystal A. , Scannell Brian , Brighton Brian K.
Published: January 2018

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that results in hemolytic anemia related to abnormal hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels. SCD is characterized by vascular occlusive episodes, visceral sequestration, and aplastic or hemolytic crises. These crises most commonly occur in bone. The orthopaedic manifestations of SCD comprise much of the morbidity associated with this disorder. Osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis are among the most disabling and serious musculoskeletal complications in patients with SCD. Effective management of the bone and joint sequelae requires an accurate diagnosis, an understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, and knowledge of available medical and surgical treatment alternatives. The major orthopaedic manifestations of SCD are osteonecrosis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and bone infarction. Patients with SCD require close monitoring in the perioperative period because of the risk for vasoocclusive crisis.
Flexor Tendon Injuries
Authors: Klifto Christopher S. , Capo John T. , Sapienza Anthony , Yang S. Steven , Paksima Nader
Published: January 2018

Flexor tendon injuries of the hand are uncommon, and they are among the most challenging orthopaedic injuries to manage. Proper management is essential to ensure optimal outcomes. Consistent, successful management of flexor tendon injuries relies on understanding the anatomy, characteristics and repair of tendons in the different zones, potential complications, rehabilitation protocols, recent advances in treatment, and future directions, including tissue engineering and biologic modification of the repair site.
Flipping EFL University Classes with Blackboard System
Authors: El-Sawy Hosam ElDeen Ahmed
Published: January 2018

This study aims at investigating students’ perceptions of flipping EFL classes with the blackboard system. A course was designed to give students an opportunity to experience flipped learning context in developing their reading skills. 49-second year, English department students participated in the project during a complete academic semester consisting of 15 weeks at the university of Al-Jouf, KSA. A detailed questionnaire was prepared and used to enquire students’ perceptions. Results of the study revealed that the majority of the participants were willing to use the flipped learning model with blackboard system. The participants provided mixed reasons for this willingness including getting marks, better learning, better communication with the instructor, and having fun. The results also indicated that the majority of participants perceived flipped learning with the blackboard system as a beneficial learning context. The most perceived benefits included improved pronunciation of new vocabulary, facilitating the acquisition of new vocabulary, preparing students for class work, increasing students’ time practicing reading at home, reading silently more often, better communication with the instructor and submitting homework easily and quickly. The study also revealed that participants faced some problems when using blackboard in the flipped learning model. Most of these problems were technical and could be overcome with proper training on the use of the system itself. The study recommends the integration of flipped learning in EFL classes. The study also suggests further investigation of the topic with different courses especially theoretical courses taught to university students in English departments.
Sugarcane Crop Residue and Bagasse Allelopathic Impact on Oat (Avena sative L.), Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea L. Roth), and Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) Germination
Authors: Webber III Charles L. , White Jr Paul M. , Spaunhorst Douglas J. , Wayment Darcey G. , Landrum Derek S.
Published: January 2018

Allelopathy, the chemical interaction between plants, may result in the inhibition of plant growth and development, and includes compounds released from a primary crop that adversely impact crop or weed species. The objective of this research was to observe the allelopathic impact of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) post-harvest crop residue and mill bagasse leachate on seed germination of three other plant species. Oat (Avena sative L.) var. ‘Corral’, tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea L. Roth), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) seeds were treated with 5 leachate concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g/L) from either sugarcane crop residue or sugarcane bagasse. Each experiment was repeated twice (Experiment 1 & 2) with each plant species, leachate concentrations, and leachate source (sugarcane crop residue and mill bagasse). The impact of leachates from sugarcane variety ‘HoCP 96-540’ crop residue and sugarcane bagasse differed by the species evaluated (oat, morningglory, and redroot pigweed), the leachate source (crop residue vs. bagasse), and leachate concentration (0 to 100 g/L). Oat germination was not affected leachate source or concentration. Germination for both weed species, tall morningglory and redroot pigweed, were adversely affected by leachate source and concentration. In both cases, the sugarcane crop residue leachate had a greater deleterious impact on germination than did the bagasse leachate. The response to the leachates was more consistent and severe for tall morningglory germination than redroot pigweed germination. Averaged across experiments, the 12.5 g/L crop residue concentration decreased the tall morningglory germination to 17% compared to 34% germination for the bagasse leachate, and the 100 g/L residue concentration reduce germination to 6% compared to 19% for bagasse 100 g/L bagasse concentration. The 100 g/L concentration of crop residue reduced redroot pigweed germination by 13% (Experiment 1) and 27% (Experiment 2), while the bagasse leachate reduced germination by 5% (Experiment 1) and 15% (Experiment 2). Future research should investigate the allelopathic compounds present in the sugarcane crop residue and bagasse, determine if the same allelopathic compounds are present and in the same concentration among other sugarcane varieties, and further examine which weed and crop species may be vulnerable to the allelopathic compounds present in sugarcane crop residue and bagasse.
The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes
Authors: Burdock Robert P. , Ampt Peter
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a classification of agricultural production systems that we believe characterises the complex interface between agriculture and the landscapes in which they are managed. Farmers have a choice about how they will manage their land, either to exclude inherent environmental complexity or to engage with it, mindful of risks associated with their approach. Adding to this complexity is the interplay between key natural, social, human, physical and financial resources in agricultural systems, highlighting the importance of extending sustainability principles to aspects of ecology, economics and culture. Decisions about agricultural systems hinge on a balance of productive outcomes, on sensitivity to the issues of environmental complexity, on economic grounds including the access to resources, and the socio-cultural needs of the community in which the farmer participates. Further, farm managers will make a choice that both satisfies and suffices (satisfices) against production, ecological efficiencies and resilience outcomes when choosing which food production system to adopt. In this paper, these complexities are analysed against five different agricultural systems on an ecological continuum; from biologically simple industrial systems that minimise interaction with the natural environment, to ecologically complex systems that are closely engaged with their environment. Production viability is a necessary consideration to maintain farming operations but is not sufficient if operational capacity is to be achieved in the long term. This analysis finds that it is also necessary to work with ecological, economic and social complexities, satisficing against productivity, ecological efficiency and inherit system resilience. No one particular farming systems is appropriate in all cases. The farmer’s choice may apply a mix of the five different agricultural systems described, allowing for the blending of these attributes in order to sustain rural landscapes.
Gas exchange, Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Pigments of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) under Salt Stress
Authors: Cova A. M. W. , Azevedo Neto André D. , Gheyi Hans R. , Ribas Rogério F. , De Oliveira Leandra B. , Menezes Renata V.
Published: January 2018

Noni is a fruit crop well adapted to different soil and climatic conditions. Aiming to evaluate the physiological responses to salinity, noni seedlings were grown in two levels of NaCl (0 and 100 mM) in nutrient solution and the effects of salt stress on gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content and membrane integrity were assessed after 1, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of salt stress. The experimental design was a completely randomized in 2 × 5 factorial arrangement with four replications. Salinity did not affect the intrinsic efficiency of water use, but reduced net assimilation of CO2, stomatal conductance, transpiration, carboxylation efficiency and contents of chlorophyll a, b, and total carotenoids. Salinity caused no major changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, however the stressed plants showed a decrease in photoprotection capacity by the cycle of xanthophylls. Salinity did not affect the water status of the leaves, but damages to the integrity of the membranes were observed due to duration of salt exposure. The data indicate that noni presents stomatal closure as a mechanism of salinity tolerance, reducing water loss by transpiration and maintaining the water status.
On the Trapped Surface Characterization of Black Hole Region in Vaidya Spacetime
Authors: Kumah Mohammed , T. Oduro Francis
Published: January 2018

Characterizing black holes by means of classical event horizon is a global concept because it depends on future null infinity. This means, to find black hole region and event horizon requires the notion of the entire spacetime which is a teleological concept. With this as a motivation, we use local approach as a complementary means of characterizing black holes. In this paper we apply Gauss divergence and covariant divergence theorems to compute the fluxes and the divergences of the appropriate null vectors in Vaidya spacetime and thus explicitly determine the existence of trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in its black hole region.
Influence of plasma glow discharge on
nitriding process of technical titanium
Authors: Pilarska M. , Frączek T.
Published: January 2018

Purpose: This article compares selected properties of surface layers produced by plasma
nitriding. Additionally, the temperature at the onset of the production of surface layers with
uniform characteristics over the entire sample surface was determined.
Design/methodology/approach: The selected properties of the surface layers were
compared using the following test methods: microhardness measurement by the Knoop
method, GDEOS profile analysis, XRD analysis, topography analysis.
Findings: It was found that nitriding in plasma glow discharge at 700°C results in obtaining
homogeneous surface layers over the entire surface of the sample
Research limitations/implications: The ion nitride processes did not allow a complete
reduction in the oxygen content.
Practical implications: The adopted plasma nitriding parameters will allow homogeneous
properties of the surface layers over the entire surface of the sample to be obtained.
Originality/value: The effect of plasma glow discharge on the properties of surface layers
was determined.
Methods of data mining for modelling
of low-pressure heat treatment
Authors: Wołowiec-Korecka E.
Published: January 2018

Purpose: This paper addresses the methods of the modelling of thermal and
thermochemical processes used in computer-aided design, optimization and control
of processes of thermal and thermochemical treatment in terms of obtaining real-time
results of the calculations, which allows for observation of how an item changes during
its treatment to respond immediately and to determine the parameters of a corrective
process should any irregularities be detected. The main goal of the literature review was to
develop a methodology for the design of functional and effective low-pressure processes
of thermal and thermochemical treatments using effective calculation methods.
Design/methodology/approach: A detailed analysis was conducted regarding the
modelling methods with low-pressure carburizing and low-pressure nitriding.
Findings: It was found the following criteria of methods selection of heat treatment
modelling should be applied: data quality, data quantity, implementation speed, expected
relationship complexity, economic and rational factors.
Practical implications: Because of its non-equilibrium nature and transient states in
the course of the processes computational support is particularly required in low-pressure
thermochemical treatments. The primary goal of the simulation is to predict the course of
the process and the final properties of the product, what ensures the repeatability of the
process results.
Originality/value: It was presented a synthetic presentation of modelling methods, in
particular methods of artificial intelligence; it was also analysed the possibilities and risks
associated with methods.
Produção acadêmica sobre gestão de recursos humanos em ongs: uma análise no campo da administração
Authors: Fonseca Joao Cesar de Freitas , Silva Thiago Lizardo , Viana André Fonseca
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo aborda a produção bibliográfica sobre gestão de recursos humanos em Organizações Não-Governamentais (ONGs), focalizando periódicos e produções científicas na área da Administração. Tem como objetivo ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tema, auxiliando futuras investigações, bem como permitir uma reflexão mais crítica sobre as interlocuções dessa área de conhecimento sobre o assunto. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar uma prevalência das subáreas de Finanças e Economia como ponto de origem de boa parte dos artigos publicados nos periódicos investigados, seguida pelas subáreas de Organizações, Sistemas e Métodos e de Recursos Humanos. A análise dos resultados recomenda o avanço da pesquisa científica em torno das ONGs, de forma a qualificar melhor o debate em torno dessas instituições.
THE AESTHETICISATION OF TASTE, A CONSEQUENCE OF THE “AESTHETICISATION” OF BEAUTY
Authors: Talon-Hugon Carole
Published: January 2018

At the beginning of modern times, taste was seen as a sort of sense of sociability, indistinctly moral and aesthetic. Why, during the eighteenth century did it become exclusively the sense of beauty? To understand this change, this article maintains that we must consider the great revolution, which affected the idea of beauty between the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries, that is to say the end of the metaphysical conception of beauty. We must analyse the phenomenon of beauty aestheticisation produced by the modern subjectivist, psychological and empirical perspective. The aestheticisation of taste is one of the consequences of the underground ontological revolution, which led to a transformation of the transcendental essences in human values. When beauty is nothing more than beauty, and does not exist without a sensitive experience, one needs a sensitive faculty which enables one to grasp beauty, or more precisely, which gives birth to beauty, seeing beauty as no longer having a proper ontological consistency.
A novel bioassay for evaluating the efficacy of biocides to inhibit settling and early establishment of marinebiofilms
Authors: Arrhenius Åsa , Backhaus Thomas , Hilvarsson Annelie , Wendt Ida , Zgrundo Aleksandra , Blanck Hans
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a novel assay that allows a quick and robust assessment of the effects of biocides on the initial settling and establishment of marine photoautotrophic biofilms. The assay integrates the response of the multitude of indigenous fouling organisms, which overcomes a major limitation of existing assays which are largely limited to testing only lab-cultivatable species. The assay was evaluated using eight antifouling biocides, for which full concentration-response curves are presented. The efficacy ranking, based on EC 98 values from most to least efficacious compound is: copper pyrithione >TPBP >DCOIT >tolylfluanid>zinc pyrithione >medetomidine >copper (Cu 2+ ), while the ecotoxicological ranking (based on E C10 values) is irgarol, copper pyrithione >zinc pyrithione >TPBP >tolylfluanid >DCOIT >copper (Cu 2+ ) > medetomidine. The algaecide irgarol did not cause full inhibition. Instead the inhibition leveled out at 95% effect at 30 nmol l -1 , a concentration that was clearly lower than for any other of the tested biocides.
Toxicity of differently sized and coated silver nanoparticles to the bacterium Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Matzke Marianne , Jurkschat Kerstin , Backhaus Thomas
Published: January 2018

Aim of this study was to describe the toxicity of a set of different commercially available silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida (growth inhibition assay according to ISO 10712) in order to contribute to their environmental hazard assessment. Different AgNP sizes and coatings were selected in order to analyze whether those characteristics are determinants of nanoparticle toxicity. Silver nitrate was tested for comparison. In general Pseudomonas putida reacted very sensitive towards the exposure to silver, with an EC 10 value of 0.058 μg/L for AgNO 3 and between 0.15 and 4.93 µg/L for the different AgNPs (EC 50 values 0.16 µg/L for AgNO3, resp. between 0.25 and 13.5 μg/L for AgNPs). The results indicate that the toxicity is driven by the Ag + ions, implying that an environmental hazard assessment for microorganisms based on total silver concentration and the assumption that AgNPs dissolve is sufficiently protective. The characterization of particle behavior as well as the total and dissolved silver content in the medium during the exposures was not possible due to the high sensitivity of Pseudomonas (test concentrations were well below detection limits), indicating the need for further development in the analytical domain.
Temporal variability predicts the magnitude of between-group attentional blink differences in developmental dyslexia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Badcock Nicholas A , Kidd Joanna C
Published: January 2018

Here we report on a meta-analysis of the attentional blink (AB) research focussed on specific reading impairment, commonly referred to as developmental dyslexia. The AB effect relates to a limitation in the allocation of attention over time and examined in a dual-target rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. When the second target appears in close temporal proximity to the first target, the second target is reported less accurately. Thirteen AB experiments have been conducted with developmental dyslexia (9 were included in this meta-analysis). The main pattern of performance is lower overall accuracy in groups of individuals with dyslexia relative to typically reading peers. That is, a between-group main effect. This meta-analysis examined the size of the between-group effect in relation to the presentation characteristics, which differ between and within experiments. Four noteworthy variables were related to the between group effect-size; fixation duration (positive relationship, R2 = .89, p <.01, n = 6), maximum temporal position of T2 (negative relationship, R2 = .47, p <.05, n = 9), the difference between the minimum and maximum temporal position of T2 (negative relationship, R2 = .51, p <.05, n = 9), and the stimulus onset asynchrony (negative relationship, R2 = .46, p <.05, n = 9). These are discussed with respect to the preparation of task-set, temporal orienting, and speed of processing, recommending these as considerations for future research.
Augmented reality in healthcare education: an integrative review
Authors: Zhu Egui , Hadadgar Arash , Masiello Italo , Zary Nabil
Published: January 2018

Background. The effective development of healthcare competencies poses great educational challenges. A possible approach to provide learning opportunities is the use of augmented reality (AR) where virtual learning experiences can be embedded in a real physical context. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in terms of user acceptance, the AR applications developed and the effect of AR on the development of competencies in healthcare. Methods. We conducted an integrative review. Integrative reviews are the broadest type of research review methods allowing for the inclusion of various research designs to more fully understand a phenomenon of concern. Our review included multi-disciplinary research publications in English reported until 2012. Results. 2529 research papers were found from ERIC, CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and Springer-link. Three qualitative, 20 quantitative and 2 mixed studies were included. Using a thematic analysis, we’ve described three aspects related to the research, technology and education. This study showed that AR was applied in a wide range of topics in healthcare education. Furthermore acceptance for AR as a learning technology was reported among the learners and its potential for improving different types of competencies. Discussion. AR is still considered as a novelty in the literature. Most of the studies reported early prototypes. Also the designed AR applications lacked an explicit pedagogical theoretical framework. Finally the learning strategies adopted were of the traditional style ‘see one, do one and teach one’ and do not integrate clinical competencies to ensure patients’ safety.
Ontogenetic scaling patterns and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb musculature in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
Authors: Lamas Luis P , Main Russell P , Hutchinson John R.
Published: January 2018

Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are exclusively terrestrial, bipedal and cursorial ratites with some similar biomechanical characteristics to humans. Their growth rates are impressive as their body mass increases eighty-fold from hatching to adulthood whilst maintaining the same mode of locomotion throughout life. These ontogenetic characteristics stimulate biomechanical questions about the strategies that allow them to cope through these changes. To answer such questions, in this study we have collected pelvic limb anatomical data (muscle architecture, tendon length, tendon mass and bone lengths) and calculated muscle physiological cross sectional area (PCSA) and average tendon cross sectional area from emus across an ontogenetic series (n=17, body masses from 3.6 to 42 kg). The data were analysed by reduced major axis regression to determine scaling relationships with body mass. Muscle mass and PCSA showed a marked trend towards positive allometry (26 and 27 out of 34 muscles respectively) and fascicle length showed a more mixed scaling pattern. The long tendons of the main digital flexors scaled with positive allometry for all characteristics whilst other tendons demonstrated a less clear scaling pattern. Finally, the two longer bones of the limb (tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsus) also exhibited positive allometry for length and the other two (femur and first phalanx of the pes) had trends towards isometry. These results indicate that emus increase their muscle force-generating capacities, as well as potentially increasing the force-sustaining capacities of their tendons, as they grow. Furthermore, we have clarified anatomical descriptions and provided illustrations of the pelvic limb muscle-tendon units in emus.
A population study of the Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, at Point Judith Pond, RI
Authors: Jouett Nicholas J , Child Cory W
Published: January 2018

The Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan), has recently invaded the Atlantic coast of the United States. Its large populations and continued fecundity are indicative of its successful establishment. Competitive interaction with other coastal crab species has been a subject of many studies. For example, in ex situ experiments, H. sanguineus has been shown to be superior to a long-established invader: the green crab, Carcinus maenas. Because H. sanguineus has been found in such great density on some shorelines, it has been postulated that it poses an ecological threat due to its potential to disrupt native and established species. However, many investigators have noted the invasive crab’s limiting habitat requirement for complex, rocky shorelines. After observation of Point Judith Pond, RI, we assessed whether there were enough rocky areas to support significant populations of H. sanguineus that might be disruptive to C. maenas. Using a photo-quadrat system alongside software analysis, transects were laid across areas of interest. H. sanguineus were collected and counted in each quadrat, allowing habitat metrics obtained from the photographs, such as rock size and cover, to be correlated with the density of crabs, their size, and sex. These data, paired with the observation that Point Judith Pond has ample habitat for C. maenas to be displaced to, led us to conclude that the H. sanguineus population in Point Judith Pond, RI, is likely not capable of causing severe disruption of the native C. maenas population as it currently stands, and that this trend may extend to other estuarine systems.
Achieving human and machine accessibility of cited data in scholarly publications
Authors: Starr Joan , Castro Eleni , Crosas Mercè , Dumontier Michel , Downs Robert R. , Duerr Ruth , Haak Laurel , Haendel Melissa , Herman Ivan , Hodson Simon , Hourclé Joe , Kratz John Ernest , Lin Jennifer , Nielsen Lars Holm , Nurnberger Amy , Pröll Stefan , Rauber Andreas , Sacchi Simone , Smith Arthur P. , Taylor Michael , Clark Tim
Published: January 2018

This short article provides operational guidance on implementing scholarly data citation and data deposition, in conformance with the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (JDDCP, http://force11.org/datacitation) to help achieve widespread, uniform human and machine accessibility of deposited data. The JDDCP is the outcome of a cross-domain effort to establish core principles around cited data in scholarly publications. It deals with important issues in identification, deposition, description, accessibility, persistence, and evidential status of cited data. Eighty-five scholarly, governmental, and funding institutions have now endorsed the JDDCP. The purpose of this article is to provide the necessary guidance for JDDCP-endorsing organizations to implement these principles and to achieve their widespread adoption.
Prolactin and fMRI response to SKF38393 in the baboon
Authors: Miller Brad D. , Marks Lauren A. , Koller Jonathan , Newman Blake J. , Bretthorst G. Larry , Black Kevin J
Published: January 2018

Background: This study’s goal was to provide dose-response data for a dopamine agonist in the baboon using standard methods (replicate measurements at each dose, across a range of doses), as a standard against which to subsequently validate a novel pharmacological MRI (phMRI) method. Dependent variables were functional MRI (fMRI) data from brain regions selected a priori, and systemic prolactin release. Necessary first steps included estimating the magnitude and time course of prolactin response to anesthesia alone and to various doses of agonist. These first steps (“time course studies”) were performed with three agonists, and the results were used to select promising agonists and to guide design details for the single-dose studies needed to generate dose-response curves. Methods: We studied 6 male baboons (Papio anubis) under low-dose isoflurane anesthesia after i.m. ketamine. Time course studies charted the changes in plasma prolactin levels over time after anesthesia alone or after an intravenous (i.v.) dose of the dopamine D1-like agonists SKF82958 and SKF38393 or the D2-like agonist pramipexole. In the single-dose dopamine agonist studies, one dose of SKF38393 (ranging from 0.0928 – 9.28 mg/kg, N=5 animals) or pramipexole (0.00928 – 0.2 mg/kg, N=1) was given i.v. during a 40-minute blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI session, to determine BOLD and plasma prolactin responses to different drug concentrations. BOLD response was quantified as the area under the time-signal curve for the first 15 minutes after the start of the drug infusion, compared to the linearly predicted signal from the baseline data before drug. The ED50(estimated dose that produces 50% of the maximal possible response to drug) for SKF38393 was calculated for the serum prolactin response and for phMRI responses in hypothalamus, pituitary, striatum and midbrain. Results: Prolactin rose 2.4- to 12-fold with anesthesia alone, peaking around 50-90 minutes after ketamine administration and gradually tapering off but still remaining higher than baseline on isoflurane 3-5 hours after ketamine. Baseline prolactin level increased with age. SKF82958 0.1mg/kg i.v. produced no noticeable change in plasma prolactin concentration. SKF38393 produced a substantial increase in prolactin release that peaked at around 20-30 minutes and declined to pre-drug levels in about an hour. Pramipexole quickly reduced prolactin levels below baseline, reaching a nadir 2-3 hours after infusion. SKF38393 produced clear, dose-responsive BOLD signal changes, and across the four regions, ED50 was estimated at 1.6-7.7mg/kg.Conclusions: In the baboon, the dopamine D1receptor agonist SKF38393 produces clear plasma prolactin and phMRI dose-response curves. Variability in age and a modest sample size limit the precision of the conclusions.
A genetic analysis reveals low prevalence of phytoplasma infection in Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret, vector of 'bois noir', in SW-Germany
Authors: Schiro Gabriele , Fahrentrapp Johannes , Hartig Florian , Panassiti Bernd
Published: January 2018

Bois Noir is a grapevine disease responsible for severe economic losses in wine production. Bois Noir is caused by Candidatus Phytoplasma solani, cell wall-less bacteria belonging to the taxonomic group 16Sr-XII-A. In Germany, they are known to be vectored from plant to plant by the cixiid Hyalesthes obsoletus, but so far the prevalence of the disease in the vector population, as well as its spatio-temporal distribution is poorly understood. We therefore analyzed infections of H. obsoletus collected in different vineyards in Baden (South-Western Germany) with quantitative real-time PCR. From 125 analyzed individuals, only five were infected with Ca. Phytoplasma solani. All infected individuals were colonized by Ca. Phytoplasma solani type I which is associated with the host plant Urtica dioica (stinging nettle). More research is needed to understand the reasons of this surprisingly low prevalence of Bois Noir in the population of H. obsoletus in South-West Germany.