bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
نسبة مساهمة بعض القدرات الحركية الخاصة في دقة أداء مهارتي الإعداد واستقبال الإرسال بالكرة الطائرة
Authors: فاضل اسماء حكمت
Published: February 2021

تعد القدرات الحركية واحدة من الأمور المهمة التي تؤثر في مستوى الأداء، وخاصة الإعداد المهاري الذي يقترن بمقدار مايمتلكه الطالب أو اللاعب من قدرات تسهم في الوصول بالمهارة إلى المستوى العالي من الانجاز. ولكون تلك القدرات لم تأخذ حيزا من الاهتمام والدراسة، ارتأى الباحث الوقوف على أهميتها في مهارتي الإعداد والاستقبال من خلال تحديد نسبة مساهمتها في المهارتين، كونها تمثل حلقة ضرورية من حلقات تكامل الأداء. وهدف البحث إلى معرفة نسبة مساهمة بعض القدرات الحركية الخاصة في دقة أداء مهارتي الإعداد واستقبال الإرسال في الكرة الطائرة. ولقد استخدم المنهج الوصفي في البحث، وتكونت العينة من (30) طالبا، وقد أظهرت النتائج وجود نسبة مساهمة فعالة لمتغير الدقة في مهارة الإعداد، مما يؤكد فاعلية هذا المتغير في الأداء، كذلك ظهور نسبة مساهمة فعالة لمتغيري التوافق والإدراك في مهارة استقبال الإرسال
نات الفارتلك المقنن في تطوير السرعة وعلاقتها بالتهديف للاعبي كرة القدم للناشئين بأعمار (14-16
Authors: سالم احمد حمدلله
Published: February 2021

.يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على تأثير تمرينات الفارتلك المقنن في تطوير السرعة وعلاقتها بالتهديف للاعبي كرة القدم. وقد تكونت عينة البحث من (20)لاعبا من ناشئين نادي الحرية الرياضي بأعمار (14-16) سنة) بكرة القدم . وتم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية طريقة القرعة وتقسيمهم إلى مجموعتين ،ضابطة وتجريبية ، وبواقع (10) لاعب لكل مجموعة .وتم تطبيق المنهج المعد من قبل المدرب على المجموعة الضابطة ، في حين تطبيق المنهج المعد من قبل الباحث للمجموعة التجريبية . لذا تعد لعبة كرة القدم من أكثر الألعاب الرياضية المعروفة في العالم التي أخذت قاعدة انتشارها تتسع شيئا فشيئا ، ومع الاهتمام المتزايد بتعلمها وتطويرها كونها اللعبة الشعبية الأولى في العالم ،لما تتمتع بها هذه اللعبة من تشويق وإثارة ومتعة للمشاهدين والممارسين على السواء ، إذ إن هذه اللعبة أصبحت الأولى بسبب سهولة مزاولتها ولكونها لعبة عالمية تستقطب ملايين الناس من مختلف الفئات الأعمار وذلك عبر كافة وسائل الإعلام الفضائي
دراسة فاعلية التدريب الميداني (التطبيق) كمؤثر لنجاح قسم التربية الرياضية كلية التربية في اعداد الطلبة
Authors: عبد الرحمن حديث مازن , الياس عزو ايمان
Published: February 2021

هدف البحث الى : - معرفة فاعلية التدريب البدني في تحسين قدرات الطلبة في تنمية بعض الصفات البدنية لطلاب المرحلة المتوسطة كأحد اهداف درس التربية الرياضية - معرفة فاعلية برامج قسم التربية الرياضية /كلية التربية /جامعة سوران في اعداد الطلبة لتدريس مادة التربية الرياضية . واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بالاسلوب المسحي لملائمته لطبيعة البحث . واشتملت عينة البحث على (41) وتمثل نسبته 31% من مجتمع البحث تم اختيارها بالطريقة العشوائية . تم اجراء الاختبارات القبلية للصفات البدنية والاختبارات البعدية لعينة البحث بعد الانتهاء من اخر وحدة تعليمية لصفتي القوة والرشاقة و لصفتي السرعة والمرونة واستخدم الباحثان الوسائل الاحصائية ( الوسط الحسابي –الانحراف المعياري –اختبار(ت)للمجموعات المتناضرة ) لمعالجة البيانات احصائيا وقد اظهرت النتاج فاعلية التدريب الميداني وان برامج قسم التربية الرياضية في اعداد الطلبة قد حققت اهدافها .
التعويض المتوازن بالماء المدعم بالأملاح المعدنية الموجبة، وأثره في بعض المؤشرات الفسيولوجية والبيوكيميائية، والإنجاز لدى عدائي 10,000م ، في المسافات الطويلة للنخبة
Authors: كزار فاطمة حميد
Published: February 2021

أصبحت الدراسات التي تهتم بفسيولوجيا الجسم البشري، ووظيفتها في المجال الرياضي من المتطلبات الأساس التي يُرتكز عليها في تحسين الإنجازات الرياضية لمختلف الألعاب الرياضية. لذا استخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي لعينة من عدائي المنتخب الوطني النخبة 10,000م وبلغت عينة البحث(6) عدائين إذ تم اختيارهم بطريقة العمد ، وقد تم استخدام المنهج ألإروائي، المعتمد عالميا من قبل المعهد الطبي العالمي وبواقع(6) وحدات تدريبية أسبوعية لمدة (6) أسابيع وبعد استخدام الوسائل الإحصائية استنتجت الباحثة بأن نتائج البحث أظهرت دور التعويض المتوازن بالماء المدعم بالأملاح المعدنية الموجبة في تحسن مستوى المؤشرات الفسيولوجية (RMR ، vo2max، ضغط الدم الانقباضي SYS، وضغط الدم الانبساطي DIA،) المؤشرات البيوكيميائية (نسبة Na+ و K+ Mg+ بالدم والإدرار، نسبة Ph بالإدرار ، ومعرفة زمن الانجاز وأن نتائج البحث أظهرت مستوى أقصى استهلاك للأوكسجين (VO2max) لدى عدائي المنتخب الوطني (10000) متر مما يُبين أنها مفيدة جداً لهذه الفعالية التي تتطلب العمل لمدة طويلة وبحمل تدريبي عال لذا أوصت الباحثة بأهمية تجهيز مضمار الركض بعلب الماء المدعم بالأملاح المعدنية الموجبة، لما تحققه من مردود إيجابي في التطور البدني والفسيولوجي والمهاري قبل وفي أثناء وبعد التدريب وقبل وبعد المنافسة .
تصميم اختبارات المهارة المركبة، كونها جزءاً من بطارية اختبار، للاعبين الشباب، في كرة قدم الصالات
Authors: ساجت صالح شافي , عذاب عايد علي
Published: February 2021

يروم الباحث ما يلي: 1- تصميم بعض اختبارات المهارة المركبة، في كرة قدم الصالات. 2- إيجاد عامل الصدق في اختبارات المهارة المصممة. استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي، بأسلوب المسح، كما استخدم علاقات الارتباط المتبادلة بين متغيرات الدراسة، وذلك لملائمة طبيعة المشكلة، وما يريده البحث. تم اختيار مجتمع البحث بطريق العمد، إذ أشتمل على (269) لاعبا، يمثلون منتديات الشباب والرياضة في بغداد، موزعون على (16) منتديا، وكما يأتي: (14) لاعبا للتجربة الاستطلاعية، و(100) لاعب عينة البناء، و(155) لاعبا عينة التقنين. من أجل الحصول على البيانات والمعلومات المتعلقة بموضوع البحث، استخدم الباحث الوسائل الآتية:  تحليل المراجع، والمصادر، والبحوث العلمية الخاصة في موضوع البحث، وأوراق الاستبانة واختبارات المهارة، ومن ثم قام الباحث بمراجعة عدد كبير من المصادر، والمراجع، والبحوث العلمية، والدراسات السابقة، والأخذ بآراء السادة المتخصصين، لتحديد أهم متغيرات المهارة واختباراتها، للاعبي الشباب، في كرة قدم الصالات. استخدم الباحث الوسائل الإحصائية الآتية: الوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري، والنسبة المئوية، ومعامل الالتواء، ومعامل الارتباط البسيط، وتحليل العوامل، باستخدام التدوير المتعامد، وعولجت البيانات إحصائيا، باستخدام النظام الإحصائي (spss). وفي ضوء النتائج، تم التوصل إلى ما يأتي: 1- من خلال مصفوفة الارتباطات البينية المتكونة من (14) اختبارا، تخص مهارة لعبة كرة قدم الصالات، تم التوصل إلى (3) عوامل، تم تدويرها تدويرا متعامدا بطريق (الفاريمكس لكايزر)،فتم التوصل إلى (3) عوامل. 2- في ضوء شروط قبول العامل، تم قبول (3) عوامل، وتفسيرها. 3- تم استخلاص بطارية المهارة، الخاصة بالعوامل المستخلصة لهذه الدراسة، والتي تمثل وحداتها أعلى درجات تشبع العوامل وهي: (الفقرة فيها اضطراب فهي تتبع رابعا بعدها، ولكن فيها نقطتان راسيتان وهذا يعني ان الباحث سيفصل شيئا) 4- تمتاز وحدات البطارية النهائية بالنقاء، إذ أن معاملات الارتباط البينية بين مفرداتها جميعا غير دالة، وهذا يعني أن كل اختبار يقيس مكونا مغايرا للاختبار الآخر
Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: Pipunculidae (Diptera)
Authors: Rafael José A. , Marques Dayse W. A. , Silva-Neto Alberto M. , Limeira-de-Oliveira Francisco
Published: February 2021

Eudorylas lepus (Rafael, 1990) is recorded for the first time in Fernando de Noronha. It is recorded in low number of specimens and it is shortly characterized.
КЛЮЧИ К УСТОЙЧИВОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: МОДЕЛЬ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ И ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКАЯ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА
Authors:   St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Didenko N. I. , Skripnuk D. F. ,   St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Cherenkov V. I. ,   Higher School of Management of St. Petersburg State University, Tanichev A. V. ,   Baltic State Technical University (Voenmeh) after D. F. Ustinov
Published: February 2021

The article examines the infrastructure approach to the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). This is done from the point of view of compliance of this development with the so-called megatrends of the world economy, highlighting theoretical, conceptual, and technological aspects. he characteristic of modern geoeconomic and geopolitical factors of development of the AZRF is given. A brief comparative analysis of applicability of economic models that are relevant the concept of sustainable development in the case of the Russian Arctic: bioeconomy, green economy, and circular economy. A few conditions for the implementation of the circular economy model in the Russian Arctic is considered. In connection with the representation of the AZRF as a heterogeneous socio-economic, real-virtual, socio-cyber-physical space, a special role of logistics infrastructure is shown as necessary condition for ensuring the sustainable development of this largest Russian region. The emphasis is made on the need to conceptualize the concept of "logistics infrastructure". Based on a holistic approach to logistics, a 5-layer (underwater, water, ground, air, space) conceptual research holistic model is proposed that could be used for designing, constructing, and monitoring the system of logistics flows in the Russian Arctic. The result of an analytical assessment (in dimensions of "digitalization" and "sustainability") of the state of the Art and possible development for the underwater layer of the logistics infrastructure of the Russian Arctic. The conclusions of the article could be useful both for designing the logistics infrastructure of the Russian Arctic, and for designing the courses of disciplines of higher education relevant to the problem under consideration.
THE ARCTIC: TRANSPORT AND INFORMATIONAL-TELECOMMUNICATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE, ECONOMY, AND NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors:   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS”, Veretennikov N. P.
Published: February 2021

At the current time, it is impossible to manage the economy of the Russian Arctic regions without creating an infrastructure that will allow organizing effective management of the entire complex of industries located in these territories. In order to organize the development of the territory and living conditions on it, it is necessary to create the infrastructure and environment for comfortable living of the employed and residing population. First of all, it concerns the necessity to strengthen integration processes as the population living there experiences discomfort from the impossibility to use modern telecommunication and information services. In this article the author analyzes and proposes the concept of development and use of fiber-optic communication lines, which could provide (after their installation) the most inhabited communities with digital economy services at affordable prices. The population living in the northern regions and working in hydrocarbon production companies is partially provided with modern services through the construction of departmental communication lines for the management of production and transportation complexes. Get the integration of regional management systems based on the development of digital economy from the laying of Russian communication lines, replacing the use of satellite Internet owned by foreign companies. This will help to use information resources more efficiently in the process of management and interactions to solve common tasks of the Russian Arctic zone where the population lives on a permanent basis. In addition, the most important part of the construction of modern communication lines in the Arctic is to ensure the country’s defense capability of its northern borders, protection of the Northern Sea Route — the main route for the delivery of liquefied gas to Europe and Asia.
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF HUMAN HEALTH DAMAGE CAUSED BY NEGATIVE ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE
Authors:   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS, Dyadik V. V. , Dyadik N. V. ,   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS, Klyuchnikova E. M. ,   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS
Published: February 2021

This article is devoted to a review of the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches to solving the problem of assessing the negative consequences for human health caused by anthropogenic environmental impacts. The authors analyze the goals, internal motives and types of damage assessments carried out by various researchers, determine the projections and measurements of the socio-economic category of damage. The study shows the main stages of the basic algorithm for the valuation of health damage. Two main methodological approaches to assessment are disclosed: the calculation of costs due to the negative impact and the assessment of the willingness to pay for risk prevention. The history of the emergence of these approaches, theoretical foundations, advantages and disadvantages, internal structure and logic of work are presented. In particular, with regard to the approach based on the determination of the cost of disease, the categories of cost directions that form its internal structure, research prospects and competing approaches to determining the cost of indirect costs are disclosed. In relation to the willingness to pay approach, a decomposition of economic terms is presented that determine the amount that the respondent is willing to pay for the agreed risk reduction. The basic economic components of the utility category for determining the willingness to pay have been determined. Analyzing various approaches to assessing damage, the authors make an attempt to determine the areas of their possible application in the implementation of scientific research and applied developments. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the publication of research results, assumptions were made about the development trends of the two prevailing methodological approaches to assessing damage to human health in the world and in Russia, with substantiation of the underlying causes. A forecast has been made on the further evolution of the methodology for assessing damage to human health from adverse environmental impacts in Russia.
NEW STAGE IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT “ECOLOGY” IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC ZONE
Authors:   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS”, Kharitonova G. N.
Published: February 2021

Implementation of the national project “Ecology” in the Russian Arctic zone in connection with the current strategic documents on carrying out the state policy in the Arctic until 2035 is analyzed. A special attention is paid to the state environmental management on the basis of the best available technologies and ensuring the balance of interests of economic entities operating facilities with a significant negative impact on the environment. Methodological and organizational inconsistencies in implementing the project with the conceptual provisions of the theory of transition to the best available technologies are considered. In connection with Russia's national development goals until 2030 in the field of environmental safety, the “Strategy of development of the Russian Arctic zone and ensuring national security for the period up to 2035” and the “National Action Plan, ensuring recovery of employment and population incomes, economic growth and long-term structural changes in the economy” measures and mechanisms to achieve a notable positive result in the implementation of the national project are justified and specified. The feasibility of the financial and organizational restructuring of the federal project “Introduction of the best available technologies” and the possibility of implementing its activities as part of other projects of the national project “Ecology” during the period until 2024 is argued.
ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTS FOR INNOVATIVE CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY IN THE REGIONS OF THE NORTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Smolensk branch, Zaenchkovski A. E. , Kirillova E. A. ,   National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Smolensk branch, Meshalkin V. P. ,   G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS”
Published: February 2021

The implementation of the fifth technological order and the creation of conditions for the transition to the sixth is possible only on the basis of the production of innovative high-tech products. At the same time, the economies of many Russian regions still have a raw material orientation, which hinders their development. The predominance of mining and low production diversity is typical for the Russian North regions. Clustering can be one of the ways to increase the efficiency of production and economic activities of these regions, increase the stability of their economic systems to adverse impacts, and increase their competitiveness in the long term. The article analyzes the five-year experience of implementing Russian innovative territorial clusters in the context of the main socio-economic indicators of the region, and also provides an assessment of the opportunities for industrial development in the regions of the North of the Russian Federation. The variety of models for the development of innovation-territorial clusters determines the need to take into account the regional features of the development of each cluster localization territories and the use of management and support tools, taking into account the specifics of each specific region. The formation of stable cluster forms of joint activities organization on the territory of this region will be the basis for catalyzing innovation processes in it. The results of innovative activities are interrelated elements of the system at all stages of the value chain will allow the result of a synergistic effect to maximize the total utility level of the region as a whole. The study used methods of comparative and static analysis of socio-economic phenomena, econometric tools.
Breakdown of 3-(allylsulfonio)propanoates in bacteria from the Roseobacter group yields garlic oil constituents
Authors: Chhalodia Anuj Kumar , Dickschat Jeroen S
Published: February 2021

Two analogues of 3-(dimethylsulfonio)propanoate (DMSP), 3-(diallylsulfonio)propanoate (DAllSP), and 3-(allylmethylsulfonio)propanoate (AllMSP), were synthesized and fed to marine bacteria from the Roseobacter clade. These bacteria are able to degrade DMSP into dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol. The DMSP analogues were also degraded, resulting in the release of allylated sulfur volatiles known from garlic. For unknown compounds, structural suggestions were made based on their mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern and confirmed by the synthesis of reference compounds. The results of the feeding experiments allowed to conclude on the substrate tolerance of DMSP degrading enzymes in marine bacteria.
DETERMINATION OF THERAPEUTIC AND DIAGNOSTIC TACTICS IN PENETRATING SHOOTING AND PUNCH-CUTTING INJURIES OF THE CHEST USING SPIRAL COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Zamyatin P. M. , Beresnev S. O. , Zamyatin D. P. , Bunin Yu. V. , Provar L. V. , Kritsak V. V.
Published: February 2021

Summary. The aim of the study was to improve the quality of diagnosis of chest injuries and to optimize surgical tactics through the use of spiral computed tomography.

Material and research methods. The work is based on prospective analysis of the results of spiral computed tomography of patients with chest injuries for the period from 2014 to 2020.

Results and its discussion. The results of SCT make it possible to objectify the choice of surgical tactics and the most rational type of access. The use of SCT has become expedient for chest injuries both before surgery in patients with stable hemodynamics and in the postoperative period to identify early complications.

Conclusions. Based on the study, it was concluded that the use of SCT in patients with chest wounds makes it possible to choose rational treatment tactics, optimal access for surgery and drainage area, as well as apply minimally invasive treatment methods. Conducting CT studies in dynamics allows us to assess the effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatment and promptly make adjustments to the treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF INFLUENCE ON HEALING SMALL INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS
Authors: Tymchenko M. , Ivanova Yu. , Klimova O.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. A promising area of further research is the use of a combination of components of tissue growth factors in combination with low-intensity electromagnetic effects of light radiation.

Objective. Investigation of various methods of influence on the healing of sutures of the small intestinal anastomosis in conditions of peritonitis.

Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on 20 white Wistar male rats weighing 180-250 g, the content, care and methods of experimental work with which corresponded to the observance of the International Principles of the European Convention on the Protection of Vertebrate Animals (Strasbourg, 1985)

Results. The research work reflects the results of an experimental study, the purpose of which was to develop a method of sealing the small intestinal anastomosis under peritonitis. The experiment was performed on 20 white Wistar male rats weighing about 250 grams. The possibilities of using physical (light of a certain wavelength) and biological (tissue growth factors) methods in the prevention and treatment of acute inflammatory reactions and stimulation of reparative processes are shown. It is noted that a promising direction for further research on methods for the prevention of insolvency of small bowel anastomoses is the use of electromagnetic effects of low intensity of the light spectrum in combination with the application of tissue growth factors.

Conclusion. A promising direction for further research is the use of a combination of sealing lines with the application of components of tissue growth factors in combination with a low-intensity electromagnetic effect of light radiation.
SURGICAL STRATEGY OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH STOMACH CANCER COMPLICATED WITH PERFORATION
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Lazirskiy V. A. , Farzullayev N. N.
Published: February 2021

Summary. Objective. Improvement of results of treatment of patients with stomach cancer complicated with perforation.

Materials and methods. It was shown the analysis of results of surgical treatment of 19 patients with stomach cancer complicated with perforation, which got the hospital treatment at GI «V. T. Zaycev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery of NAMS of Ukraine» from 2011 till 2020, aged 18 till 85. All patients randomly divided on 2 groups: the group of control — 9 patients (got the hospital treatment from 2011 till 2015), and the basic group — 10 patients (from 2016 till 2020).

Results. The common surgical tactics and operations were used at the group of control. The two-staged active-idividualized surgical tactic, that consist of closure by interrupted sutures at first stage and reconstructive operation at second, was used at the basic group. Radical surgery was performed in 10 (52,6 %) cases; in 9 (47,4 %) cases – palliative and symptomatic. Postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (26.3 %) and postoperative mortality in 26.3 % (5 patients) cases.

Conclusion. There is the rational of using the two-staged surgical tactic. Using of this tactic leads to increasing of quantity of radical operations from 4(21,0 %) at the group of control till 6(31,6 %) at the basic group and leads to decreasing post-operative deaths from 15,8 % till 10,5 % respectively.
«Любить все человечество, кроме американцев»: североамериканские колонии Британии в сочинениях Сэмюэла Джонсона
Authors: Kosykh T.A.
Published: February 2021

The article focuses on a British intellectual and lexicographer Samuel Johnson’s (1709–1784) views on the rights and freedoms of people living in Britain’s North American colonies. It accounts for the reasons of Johnson’s negative attitude to colonial people’s attempts to repeal taxes and seek representation in the English parliament. The writer despised American colonists, for he believed them to descend from the first settlers who had oppressed and enslaved the indigenous population. Moreover, the lexicographer believed that the majority of American colonists belonged to the lower classes, were descendants of criminals and paupers who had disturbed the peace in the Old World and had fled to the New World
to escape their just punishment. The unrest in the American colonies in the 1770s only aggravated Johnson’s prejudices. His worldview prevented the lexicographer from understanding why American colonists weren’t satisfied with the position of British subjects and wanted to be represented in the British Parliament. Johnson believed that American colonists were anarchists wishing to shatter the British rule.

В центре внимания статьи — взгляды английского интеллектуала и лексикографа Сэмюэла Джонсона (1709–1784) на права и свободы жителей североамериканских колоний Британии. Объясняются причины негативного восприятия Джонсоном попыток колонистов добиться отмены налоговых сборов и получения представительства в английском парламенте. Литератор относился к американским колонистам с презрением, поскольку считал их либо потомками первых колонистов, угнетавших и порабощавших аборигенное население, либо «надсмотрщиками» рабов. Более того, антипатия лексикографа основывалась на представлении о том, что большинство американских колонис-тов являлись выходцами из социальных низов, преступниками и нищими, нарушавшими спокойствие в Англии и часто бежавшими от правосудия в Новый свет. Волнения в американских колониях в 1770-е годы лишь усугубили эти представления Джонсона. Мировоззренческие установки не позволяли лексикографу понять, почему американским колонистам недостаточно быть подданными британской короны без права выбирать своих представителей в парламент, поэтому колонисты казались ему сторонниками анархии, желающими поколебать устоявшийся в Британии порядок.
Botanical Illustration in Britain in the Late 18th Century — Early 19th Century in the Context of the Formation of a Taxonomic Approach to Exploration
Authors: Шипицына Ю.С.
Published: February 2021

В статье исследуется «эра Бэнкса» (1778–1820) как особый период в истории британской науки, когда в центре интеллектуальной жизни империи оказалась ботаника, а ботаническая иллюстрация выступала как ведущий практический инструмент познания. Исследование контекстов и смыслов, возникающих вокруг ботанической иллюстрации, связано с рассмотрением практик научного наблюдения за природой, легитимированных и вместе с тем скованных определенными административными нормами, общекультурными стандартами и ценностными ориентирами своей эпохи. Наиболее влиятельной фигурой по отношению к вышеперечисленным факторам развития ботанической иллюстрации в Британии являлся ботаник Джозеф Бэнкс (1743–1820), президент Лондонского королевского общества с 1778 по 1820 год. Биография Дж. Бэнкса рассматривается нами в контексте его имперских амбиций и интеллектуального окружения. Результаты проведенного исследования позволяют углубить понимание властного дискурса подчинения человеком природы, зарождение которого связано с развитием таксономического подхода и совершенствованием способов визуализации ботанического знания.

The article investigates the so called Banks era (1778–1820), a period of the history of British science when botany played a key role in the intellectual life of the British Empire and botanical illustrations were a practical tool in the exploration of the world. The investigation of meanings evoked by botanical illustrations is associated with the investigation of observations which are both legitimatized and limited by certain administrative norms, cultural standards, and values characteristic of an epoch. Joseph Banks (1743–1820), an English botanist and president of the Royal Society (1778–1820), was the most prominent figure to promote botanical illustrations in Britain. The article views the biography of Joseph Banks in the context of his imperial ambitions and his intellectual environment. The results of the research provide insight into the understanding of humanity’s domination of nature, whose origin is associated with the development of a taxonomic approach and the improvement of botanical art techniques.
Longicorn beetles (Coleoptera: Disteniidae, Cerambycidae) of the Russky Island (Primorsky Krai, Russia)
Authors: Anisimov Nikolay S. , Bezborodov Vitaly G.
Published: February 2021

In this paper the first report on species composition, the seasonal dynamics of imago activity, as well as trophic and zoogeographic features of the longicorn beetle fauna of Russky Island is given.
Analog of Planck's constant for a colloid system
Authors:   South Ural State University – National Research University, Markov Boris A. , Sukharev Yury I. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2021

Based on the assumption of the instability of the colloidal state caused by the movement of charged particles, we previously obtained equations characterizing the structure of the colloid: a Schrödinger-type equation that defines the redistribution of thermal and potential energy in the colloid and a material equation – the diffusion equation with the Liesegang operator, which is connected directly with the substance, allowing find breaks in structures caused by vibrations of electrically charged particles. Such effects for colloidal chemical manifestations are called macroscopic quantum effects. That is, macroscopic quantum effects are a combination of phenomena in which the characteristic features of quantum mechanics are directly manifested in the behavior of macroscopic, for example, colloidal objects. As a rule, the behavior of macroscopic objects contains a large number of atoms and is described with high accuracy by the equations of classical physics, which do not include the characteristic quantum value – the constant bar. Based on the equations constructed by the authors, which are the equations of plasma hydrodynamics, a mathematical model is created that reduces the colloidal system to an equation similar to the Schrödinger equation and calculates a certain constant that is an analogue of the Planck constant for macroscopic colloidal systems and computes the constant of this equation , which is equal in magnitude . It differs significantly in magnitude from the Planck constant, because it characterizes the already complex macroscopic quantum oxyhydrate colloidal system.
Comparison of the sowing, harvesting and antioxidant properties of seeds and seedlings of a giant field moth (Agrostis gigantea Roth) after air drying and thermal dehydration
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Zelenkov Valery N. , Lаtushkin Vyacheslav V. ,   INPO “Institute for Development Strategies”, Lapin Аnatoly А. ,   Kazan Energy University, Kosolapov Vladimir M. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Feed Production and Agroecology Williams (Federal Research Center "VIK named after V.R. Williams")
Published: February 2021

The study of the biological characteristics of feed crops and the use of modern methods in the study of the processes of their selection is relevant for the intensification of feed production. The article presents the results of a biochemical study of the giant VIK-2 (Agrostis gigantea Roth) field birch seed, their sowing and yield properties after thermal dehydration (drying of air-dried samples at 105 oС to constant weight), as well as their total antioxidant activity during germination in the dark. The total antioxidant activity of seeds and seedlings was studied using coulometric analysis and determined using electrogenerated bromine, the samples were analyzed on a certified couponometer Expert-006 (LLC Econix-Expert, Russia) using a certified method. The work shows that, compared with air drying after thermohydration, there is a decrease in the viability and yield properties of seeds. Seed germination decreased by 5.5%, the height of plants at the end of the germination period (on the 14th day after sowing) by 9.4%, the mass of 100 sprouts – by 21.3%, the yield of green mass (microgreen) also by 21.3%. The antioxidant activity of seeds after thermal dehydration also decreased by 21.4%. For the first time, data were obtained on the viability, formation of microgreen biomass and a change in the total antioxidant activity of the seeds of the VIK-2 giant cultivar after thermal dehydration (drying the initial seeds) in the test at 105 °C to constant weight. It was shown that thermal dehydration of seeds at 105 °C significantly affects the viability of seeds and seedlings of a bent field, which is associated with the characteristics of metabolism, forms and state of water activity in cells and tissues of plants.
Specific features of biological oxidation processes in helminthiases of horses
Authors:   Vyatka State Agricultural Academy, Pilip Larisa V. , Byakova Olga V. ,   Vyatka State Agricultural Academy, Kazakova Maria E. ,   Vyatka State Agricultural Academy
Published: February 2021

The chemical processes occurring in the animal body under pathological conditions are of interest to researchers. The objective of the research was to study the indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity in horses infested with helminthiases and treated with anthelmintic paste with an antioxidant. The study has proved the role of parasitic infestation in accelerating the processes of free radical oxidation, which is manifested by a decrease in the light sum of radicals (36.62-39.21), the maximum luminous intensity (6.13-6.98) and antioxidant activity (5.65-6.2) at the start of the research. Chronic invasion increases the concentration of under-oxidized products up to 38.59, and the rate of initiating free radical oxidation – up to 6.95, the values of antioxidant activity being stably low (5.51-5.91). An important role in the regulation of lipid peroxidation in horses during helminthiases, as well as in the process of deworming, is played by the antioxidants contained in anthelmintic preparations. The antioxidant santohin included as a compound in the «Alezan» preparation suppresses enhanced peroxidation and activates the antioxidant protection of the body, which is reflected in a decrease in the light sum of the radicals to as low as 26.73, a maximum luminous intensity to – 3.76, and an increase in antioxidant activity – up to 7.16.
The biotechnological potential of tomato torch, growing in Dagestan
Authors:   Dagestan State Technical University, Saidova Saida S.
Published: February 2021

The article explores the biotechnological potential of growing Torch tomatoes in the territory of Dagestan. The characteristics of the hybrid varieties of tomatoes Torch are given. The comparative characteristic of yield indicators of tomato varieties Torch with other varieties cultivated in the southern part of Russia is presented. Five universal soil fertilizer schemes and their application regimes for growing tomatoes were tested as part of the field experiment. The most optimal ratios of the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for fertilizing soils and fertilizing plants, as an alternative to natural organic nitrogen fertilizers. It is proved that with the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the background of the aftereffect of manure in the soil, the content of nitrates, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium increases. The influence of the timing of the use of fertilizers on the accumulation of dry matter and the area of the assimilation surface of tomatoes of the Torch variety during the growing season was studied. The dependence of the yield of commodity fruits of the Torch tomato on the doses and timing of the use of fertilizers was established. The effect of fertilizers on individual biometric indicators of Torch tomato plants on the period of mass ripening of fruits is shown; individual indicators of the quality of the Torch tomato fruit in full ripeness are determined depending on fertilizers. It has been shown that the application of fertilizers ensures the yield of fruits of sown tomatoes of the Torch cultivar at the level of 480-500 centner, and also that the tomato plants of the Torch cultivar form the maximum assimilation surface during the period of mass fruit formation. It is shown that the amount of nitrates in the fruits, regardless of the background of cultivation, does not exceed their maximum permissible concentration; in practice, the high yield of tomatoes Torch cultivar in the climatic conditions of Dagestan has been proved.
Transition to process model parameters radical polymerization
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Patrusheva Marina N. , Mukhamedzyanova Eleanor R. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Khuzakhanov Rafail M. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: February 2021

A mathematical transition to model parameters is presented, which are decisive in the preparation of a mathematical model of the radical polymerization process taking into account the gel effect. Using the mathematical model of radical thermal polymerization of styrene as an example, the derivation of parameters is considered, taking into account which the values of the number-average and mass-average molecular weights obtained as a result of calculation using similar parameters given in the previously published literature are confirmed. The difference of the study is the description of a step-by-step transition to the model parameters, applicable to the description of the radical polymerization process of other monomers, taking into account the gel effect.
Investigation of the dielectric parameters of nematic liquid crystals in the boundary layers
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Gaisina (Mukhamedyarova) Guzal A. , Galimbekov Ayrat D. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: February 2021

This article presents the results of a study of the dielectric properties of thin liquid crystal layer systems. To study the dielectric parameters of nematic liquid crystals in the boundary layers, the frequency and temperature dependences of the real (ε') and imaginary (ε'') parts of the dielectric constant were determined. We studied samples that are in macroscopic layers and samples located in flat capillary layers (d ~ 0.1 μm). In both cases, the measurement is performed by the same method, namely, the method of temporary dielectric spectroscopy. The entire procedure for measuring, recording, accumulating and processing data was carried out automatically. In this case, the results of dielectric measurements could be presented both in the frequency and time domains. For measurements, a plane-parallel measuring cell made of brass and titanium electrodes was used. It should be noted that the surface of a solid body has a strong influence on the phase state of liquids and liquid crystals in the boundary layer. For example, in such a layer, liquid molecules acquire a mesophase ordering. In the case of NLC, the nematic potential increases and, as a result, the temperature of the nematic-isotropic phase transition increases. However, a shift in the bleaching temperature in the NLC mixture studied by us did not appear due to the smallness of the effect. The substance enclosed in the microspace between the surfaces of the mica has a higher dielectric constant than the corresponding bulk sample. Moreover, such a difference is observed both in the isotropic and in the nematic phases. This can be explained as follows. In a thick layer, a dipole-dipole intermolecular interaction takes place, which reduces the effective dipole moment of the molecules.
Prediction of phase equilibria in water-salt systems
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Mironovich Evgeny S. , Kolyado Alexander V. ,   Samara State Technical University, Garkushin Ivan K. ,   Samara State Technical University, Kleymenov Evgeny A. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: February 2021

Produced review scientific and technical reference books on individual substances and the two-component systems forming part of the water-salt system K2HPO4 – (NH2)2CO – H2O. To predict phase equilibria in a real system, a mathematical model is proposed that allows one to determine the dependence of the activity coefficient of a substance or ion on the concentration and temperature of the solution. The solution of the system of equations was carried out in the environment of the table processor Microsoft Excel as a result, in terms of potassium hydrogen phosphate, the following characteristics of the eutectic alloy with the calculated content of components in the eutectic were obtained: 36.5 % wt. K2HPO4, 11.5 % wt. (NH2)2CO, 52.0 % wt. H2O, melting point 250.6 K (-22.6 C). In order to search for a composition with a minimum crystallization temperature in the ternary urea – potassium hydrogen phosphate – water system, the simplex K2 HPO46H2O – (NH2)2 was studied CO – H2O by visual polythermal method. The eutectic in the studied system crystallizes at a temperature of minus 28 С and contains 8 % wt. carbamide, 35 % wt. potassium hydrogen phosphate, 57 % wt. water. An analysis of the data obtained by experimental and computational methods showed satisfactory convergence. The average deviation of the calculated data from the experimental ones was 18.9% in composition and 2.3% in terms of the eutectic melting point. The proposed calculation algorithm can be used to predict the characteristics of eutectics in ternary water - salt systems for planning the experiment.
Kinetic Simulations of Electron Pre-energization by Magnetized Collisionless Shocks in Expanding Laboratory Plasmas
Authors: Lezhnin K. V. , Fox W. , Schaeffer D. B. , Spitkovsky A. , Matteucci J. , Bhattacharjee A. , Germaschewski K.
Published: February 2021

Collisionless shocks are common features in space and astrophysical systems where supersonic plasma flows interact, such as in the solar wind, the heliopause, and supernova remnants. Recent experimental capabilities and diagnostics allow detailed laboratory investigations of high-Mach-number shocks, which therefore can become a valuable way to understand shock dynamics in various astrophysical environments. Using 2D particle-in-cell simulations with a Coulomb binary collision operator, we demonstrate the mechanism for generation of energetic electrons and experimental requirements for detecting this process in the laboratory high-Mach-number collisionless shocks. We show through a parameter study that electron acceleration by magnetized collisionless shocks is feasible in laboratory experiments with laser-driven expanding plasmas.
Finding Signs of Life in Transits: High-resolution Transmission Spectra of Earth-line Planets around FGKM Host Stars
Authors: Kaltenegger Lisa , Lin Zifan
Published: February 2021

Thousands of transiting exoplanets have already been detected orbiting a wide range of host stars, including the first planets that could potentially be similar to Earth. The upcoming Extremely Large Telescopes and the James Webb Space Telescope will enable the first searches for signatures of life in transiting exoplanet atmospheres. Here, we quantify the strength of spectral features in transit that could indicate a biosphere similar to the modern Earth on exoplanets orbiting a wide grid of host stars (F0 to M8) with effective temperatures between 2500 and 7000 K: transit depths vary between about 6000 ppm (M8 host) to 30 ppm (F0 host) due to the different sizes of the host stars. CO2 possess the strongest spectral features in transit between 0.4 and 20 μm. The atmospheric biosignature pairs O2+CH4 and O3+CH4—which identify Earth as a living planet—are most prominent for Sun-like and cooler host stars in transit spectra of modern Earth analogs. Assessing biosignatures and water on such planets orbiting hotter stars than the Sun will be extremely challenging even for high-resolution observations. All high-resolution transit spectra and model profiles are available online: they provide a tool for observers to prioritize exoplanets for transmission spectroscopy, test atmospheric retrieval algorithms, and optimize observing strategies to find life in the cosmos. In the search for life in the cosmos, transiting planets provide the first opportunity to discover whether or not we are alone, with this database as one of the keys to optimize the search strategies.
Discovery of Correlated Evolution in Solar Noise Storm Source Parameters: Insights on Magnetic Field Dynamics during a Microflare
Authors: Mohan Atul
Published: February 2021

A solar type-I noise storm is produced by accelerated particle beams generated at active regions undergoing magnetic field restructuring. Their intensity varies by orders of magnitude within subsecond and sub-MHz scales. But the morphological evolution of these sources is not studied at these scales due to the lack of required imaging cadence and fidelity in meterwave bands. Using data from the Murchison Widefield Array, this work explores the coevolution of size, sky-orientation, and intensity of a noise storm source associated with a weak microflare. This work presents the discovery of two correlated modes of evolution in the source parameters: a sausage like “S” mode where the source intensity and size show an anticorrelated evolution; and a torsional like “T” mode where the source size and sky-orientation show a correlated evolution. A flare mediated mode conversion is observed from “T” to “S” for the first time in these sources. These results support the idea of build up of magnetic stress energy in braided active region loops, which later become unstable causing flares and particle acceleration until they relax to a minimally braided state. The discovered mode conversion can be a future diagnostic for such events.
Three new species of the genus Toxoniella (Araneae, Liocranidae) from Mount Kenya National Park, Kenya
Authors: Oketch Dancun A. , Kioko Esther N. , Li Shuqiang
Published: February 2021

Three new species of the genusToxoniellaWarui & Jocqué, 2002 of the family Liocranidae Simon, 1897 are described from Kenya:T. tharakaOketch & Li,sp. nov.,T. waruiiOketch & Li,sp. nov., andT. nyeriOketch & Li,sp. nov.Types are deposited in the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), Nairobi, Kenya.
Le club des désidentifiés
Authors: Rodriguez Maria Teresa
Published: February 2021

L’article vise à examiner les aspects caractérisant la formation des analystes. À cet égard, il analyse la formation théorique, en distinguant l’accumulation de savoir des effets de formation , la formation clinique et son articulation avec l’analyse personnelle, la transformation subjective et la production du désir de l’analyste. Cet écrit souligne l’importance de la communauté analytique dans la formation et indique le rôle des écoles de spécialisation en psychothérapie, obligatoires en Italie pour pratiquer la psychanalyse. Le travail procède à l’examen des aspects pertinents de l’œuvre de Freud et de Lacan, ainsi que des avancées théoriques élaborées par des psychanalystes lacaniens. On examine les paradoxes et les impasses inhérents à la formation et à la participation aux sociétés analytiques, et on propose le transfert de travail comme barrage possible aux dérives symptomatiques du collectif analytique. Il s’ensuit que la participation à une communauté analytique est indispensable à la formation continue à laquelle est tenu le psychanalyste. L’articulation entre l’inconscient de l’analyste et sa participation à la communauté analytique permet la production de savoir nouveau en psychanalyse.
L’analyse de contrôle
Authors: Levaque Cédric
Published: February 2021

L’analyse de contrôle, communément appeler supervision, fait partie intégrante de la formation de l’analyste. Au travers de ce texte, l’auteur propose une réflexion sur l’évolution de cette pratique qu’est l’analyse de contrôle dans les milieux psychanalytiques.
Formation en psychothérapie systémique : un chemin de grande randonnée
Authors: Goldbeter-Merinfeld Édith
Published: February 2021

Différents aspects de la formation de psychothérapeutes systémiques sont abordés telles les raisons de vouloir se former, les ressources apportées par la formation en groupe, les isomorphismes entre la thérapie et la formation.
Réflexions : de la psychothérapie analytique à la psychanalyse
Authors: Godfrind Jacqueline
Published: February 2021

Psychanalyse et psychothérapie analytique se référent à la même théorie mais diffèrent dans la technique. Un passé de pratique de psychothérapie analytique complique l’acquisition d’une position contre-transférentielle spécifiquement analytique. L’article évoque la complexité de la situation de supervision.