bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN IN PUPILS WITH DIFFERENT ACADEMIC SUCCESS. REPORT 2. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS AND PATTERNS OF BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE CORTEX
Authors: Gileva Olga Borisovna
Published: November 2020

Background. The paper presents the study of the factors of academic success and failure in students, which is a relevant and socially significant problem. Academic failure often results in behavior deviations, drug abuse and other types of dangerous behavior. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to establish the reasons of academic failure, as well as the ways to improve academic performance. Aim. The paper aims to establish the features of responses of academically successful and unsuccessful 12-year-old children to cognitive load based on EEG data. Materials and methods. Twelve-year-old schoolchildren (n = 51) from Ekaterinburg participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups depending on their academic performance. EEG recording was performed using the CONAN-m equipment (Informatics and Computers, Russia). Monopolar EEG recordings were obtained from 10 symmetrical leads in different conditions: during resting wakefulness (for eyes open and closed) and when solving experimental tasks of three types (simple arithmetic task, verbal and logical task, spatial thinking task). The differences between the samples of academically successful and unsuccessful children were assessed using the Wilcoxon nonparametric test. Results. Differences were revealed in a number of EEG indicators both at rest and when solving experimental tasks between academically successful and unsuccessful schoolchildren. The responses of academically successful children to cognitive load were characterized by predominant ctivation of the anterior cortical areas with a focus of activity in the left frontal area. Academically unsuccessful children were characterized by a more generalized type of EEG response with a focus of activity in the caudal areas of the cortex, especially when solving a figure rotation task. It was also found that successful children made mistakes when solving a figure rotation task and unsuccessful ones-when solving verbal and logical tasks. Conclusion. Children with low academic success were found to have characteristic features of the functioning of the cerebral cortex, which hampered the perception of educational material presented in the form of a logically structured message. However, these children were able to brilliantly operate with visual-spatial information. This must be taken into account when working with such children to improve their academic performance.
NEUROSCIENCE: INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION OR EXPANSION?
Authors: Shibkova Dariya Zakharovna , Baiguzhin Pavel Azifovich
Published: November 2020

Aim. The paper aims to study the differentiation and integration of scientific disciplines in the natural sciences and humanities research areas of neuroscience based on a review of Russian scientific works and to propose a structural and functional model of neuroscience as an interdisciplinary system of knowledge about brain features that ensure human activity in various professional spheres. Methods. A theoretical analysis of scientific publications on the topic over the last ten years has been used along with such methods as comparison, generalization, and modelling. Results. The paper presents various points of view on the subject field of separate disciplines within neuroscience, as well as on the relations between them. The interdisciplinarity of neuroscience is considered by a number of authors (philosophers) as a form of disciplinary colonization, epistemic expansion or intervention. Another group of authors considers neuroscience as a systemic level of science that unites multidisciplinary research activities related to the study of the brain. The third position is represented by authors who consider neuroscience as an extension of the problem field of neurobiology or as its synonym. A number of authors pay special attention to the popularity of neuroscience among politicians, military structures, pharmacological companies and other professionals with their disciplinary totality: neurophilosophy, neuropsychology, neuroinformatics, neurogenetics, neurobiology, neurosociology, neuropedagogy, etc. The paper demonstrates that there is no unified point of view on psychophysiology as a part of neuroscience, which also has interdisciplinary connections with many sciences that study individual psychological characteristics and behavior. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of the discussion, the authors emphasize the need to logically build the structural and functional relationships of individual disciplines within a unified neuroscience and determine its subject field on the basis of a systemic evolutionary approach.
Pretreatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) at Bench-Scale High Temperature-Pressure Steam Reactor for Enhancement of Enzymatic Saccharification
Authors: Sari Fahriya Puspita , Falah Faizatul , Anita Sita Heris , Ramadhan Kharisma Panji , Laksana Raden Permana Budi , Fatriasari Widya , Hermiati Euis
Published: November 2020

Upscaling of biomass pretreatment from laboratory scale to a bench-scale reactor is one of the important steps in the application of the pretreatment for pilot or commercial scale. This study reports the optimization of pretreatment conditions, namely reaction temperature and time, by one factor at a time (OFAT) method for the enhancement of enzymatic saccharification of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). OPEFB was pretreated using high temperature-pressure steam reactor with different reaction temperatures (160, 170, 180, 190, 200 °C) and times (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 min). The effectiveness of the pretreatment was determined based on chemical compositions of raw OPEFB and OPEFB pulp and sugar production from enzymatic saccharification of the OPEFB pulp.  Solubilized components from OPEFB, such as glucose, xylose, formic acid, acetic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and furfural in the hydrolysate that generated during steam pretreatment were also determined. Pretreatment at 180°C for 20 min provides the highest sugar yields (97.30% of glucose yield per initial cellulose and 88.86% of xylose yield per initial hemicellulose). At the optimum condition, 34.9% of lignin and 30.75% of hemicellulose are successfully removed from the OPEFB and resulted in 3.43 delignification selectivity. The relationship between severity factor and by-products generated and the sugars obtained after enzymatic saccharification are discussed. The pulp of OPEFB at the optimum condition was also characterized for its morphological characteristic by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and crystallinity by X-ray diffractometry (XRD).  These pulp characteristics are then compared with those of the raw OPEFB. The steam pretreatment causes some fiber disruptions with more defined and opened structures and increases the crystallinity index (CrI) by 2.9% compared to the raw OPEFB.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MI BASAH IKAN PATIN TERHADAP INTAKE ENERGI, PROTEIN DAN BERAT BADAN SISWA SD DI PEKANBARU
Authors: Roziana Roziana , Fitriani Fitriani , Marlina Yessi
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang: Pada tahun 2019, sebanyak 290 juta porsi mi instan dikonsumsi setiap hari di seluruh dunia. Mi basah ikan patin merupakan mi basah yang terbuat dari tepung terigu tinggi protein dimodifikasi dengan menambahkan ikan patin dalam proses pembuatannya untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein pada mi. Berbeda dengan mi instan, mi basah tidak mengandung pengawet, pewarna dan penyedap buatan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan intake energi, protein dan berat badan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian mi basah ikan patin. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain one group pretest-posttest ini dilakukan pada siswa SDN 147 Pekanbaru dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah responden yang terpilih sebanyak 30 siswa dengan status gizi kurang. Intervensi berupa pemberian olahan mi basah ikan patin sebanyak 200 g selama 10 hari berturut-turut. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired t-test dan uji wilcoxon. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum dilakukan intervensi, rata-rata intake energi adalah 1174,50 kkal, intake protein 89,66 g dan berat badan awal 27,16 kg. Setelah dilakukan intervensi, rata-rata intake energi menjadi 1371,11 kkal, intake protein 45,95 g dan berat badan akhir adalah 27,67 kg. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan rerata intake protein dan berat badan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi (p = 0,02 dan p = 0,001), sedangkan rerata intake energi tidak mengalami perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0,142).
THE EFFECTS OF PAPAYA LEAVES JELLY IN LIPID PROFILE AMONG OVERWEIGHT WOMEN
Authors: Nissa Choirun , Pratiwi Syafira Noor , Majidah Siti , Rahma Nadia , Paramastuti Ratih , Hindarta Nadhea Alriessyanne , Syauqy Ahmad , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: November 2020

Background : Insulin resistance that occurred in diabetic state could promote endothelial dysfunction which lead to metabolic disease in obese subjects. Although several studies showed papaya leaves had antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agent, the effect of papaya leaves jelly is rarely studied on lipid profiles among overweight women.Objectives : We aimed to examine the effect of papaya leaves jelly on lipid profiles in women with overweight. Methods : This study was a pre-posttest controlled group design with both of the groups were overweight. The treatment group consumed papayq leaves jelly with 24.6 grams papaya leaves jelly that contains 182.4 mg chlorophyll, while the control group consumed 24.6 grams jelly with green dye for 20 days in a row. Three-day recall in three non-consecutive days and physical activity using International Physical Activity (IPAQ) were taken three times. Fasting blood sugar was measured using Glucose Oxidase Phenol 4-Aminophenazone (GODPAP). LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels were measured using Cholesterol Oxidase Para Aminophenazone (CHOD-PAP). Statistical analysis using Paired t-test was used within group, while Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney were used in between groups. Papaya leaves jelly effects on lipid profiles was analyzed using multiple linear regression after considering energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes. Results : Triglyceride levels was reduced significantly (p=0.014) in the treatment group despite there were no differences in triglyceride (p= 0.407), LDL (p= 0.923), HDL (p= 0.749) and total cholesterol (p= 0.277) between 2 groups. Conclusion : Papaya leaves jelly consumption could lower triglyceride levels significantly in the treatment group.
Managing Behavioural Outcomes of Repatriates through a Proactive Model
Authors: Jayasekara Padmini
Published: November 2020

This study attempts to present a proactive model in explaining a mechanism which ensures behavioral outcomes of repatriates. A series of activities, which were already well researched in an isolated manner in different contexts were incorporated to develop this model. The literature based data compilation was done to develop this model. The key of pre-departure stage of expatriation, on-assignment stage of expatriation, post- assignment period of expatriation, expatriate adjustment, repatriate adjustment, behavioural outcomes of repatriates, social support for expatriates, social support for repatriates, organizational support for expatriate families, organizational support for repatriate families, and cross-over effect  of expatriate adjustment were included to the Google Scholar search engine to find the articles.This model outlines logic on the necessity of being proactive on returnees’ post-assignment behavioural outcomes, by taking into account three time stages of pre-departure, on-assignment, and post assignment stages.
EXPLORING CHALLENGES FACED BY MALAYSIAN EXPAT-PRENEURS IN INTERNATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SECTOR AND STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME. A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON SELF-INITIATED EXPATRIATES
Authors: Yusuf Bibi Noraini
Published: November 2020

Numerous terms have been associated with expat-preneurs, such as expatriates and Self-Initiated Expatriates (SIEs), in order to explore more about the exact terminology and other attributes. How do expat-preneurs brace themselves in adapting to their new environment, meet varied challenges, overcome an array of obstacles, and solving problems? This research study is to uncover the reality checks of typical expat-preneurs, exposing to the world what it takes to become an expat-preneur. The main objective of this research is to explore the truth about an expat-preneur’s lifestyles, specifically focusing on two main themes, Malaysian citizens that have become expat-preneurs and those opening their own business abroad. This study will focus on three main topics, these being factors affecting Malaysians to become expat-preneurs, obstacles that they faced when opening their business abroad, and lastly how they managed to overcome these obstacles. Five (5) Malaysian citizens staying and living abroad were selected as respondents to participate in the interview sessions and the selection was conducted by using a snowball sampling methodology. The respondents came from five (5) different countries, namely Qatar, Egypt, Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand. At the conclusion of the research study, the results show that the reasons why these Malaysian citizens became expat-preneurs were mainly due to (1) accompanying their spouses on overseas assignment, and (2) opportunity to earn side income while abroad. The obstacles most commonly faced when opening a business abroad were (1) financial problems, (2) marketing obstacles, and (3) no basic knowledge of business and management. Finally, the strategies to overcome these obstacles were (1) taking bank loans or borrowing money from family members and (2) acquire knowledge about business and marketing from friends. These findings are useful and shall serve as basic guidelines to Malaysians who want to be expat-preneurs in the near future. It helps Malaysian expat-preneurs to comprehend an array of hardships before starting a business abroad.
Effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty through Satisfaction, Perceived Value, and Customer Engagements (Study on Indonesian Ride-Hailing Online)
Authors: Rachbini Widarto , Anggraeni Diana , Febrina Diah
Published: November 2020

This study attempted to analyze the effect of service quality on customer’s satisfaction, perceived value, and customer involvement as well as its implications for customer loyalty in Indonesia. The primary data used is the result of questionnaires through an online survey platform with the help of Google Form in July to August 2020. The sampling method was purposive sampling using specific criteria set by the researchers with 300 samples that met the criteria. Data analysis technique used the structural equation models (SEM) with the help of LISREL software. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the quality of Indonesian ride-hailing online services on perceived value, and a significant effect on perceived value on satisfaction as well as a significant effect on customer satisfaction on customer involvement. The only construct which directly influences customer loyalty is customer involvement. This research certainly provides practical advice for the online ride-hailing industry in Indonesia where there are three main suggestions aimed at improving the service quality, satisfaction, customer involvement, and value. Further research is suggested to analyze online ride-hailing in neighboring countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, or other Southeast Asian countries.

Keywords: service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction, customer involvement, customer loyalty and online ride-hailing
Effect of Crude Oil Prices on Economic Growth in Kenya in the Period 1981 To 2018
Authors: ONONO PEREZ , Mutuma Kiambi Benedict , Maingi James
Published: November 2020

Crude oil is an essential resource in the day-to-day activities of a functional economy. Crude oil and petroleum products constituted 14 percent of the Kenya’s imports in 2017 up from 12 percent in 2015. As Kenya moves into an oil-exporting country, there is a need to measure the role crude oil prices play in directing the economic growth of the country. This study assessed the effect of crude oil prices on the economic growth of Kenya. Gross capital formation, bank lending rate, employment rate and debt servicing were used as control variables in the models estimated. The study employed secondary data for the period 1981 to 2018. The findings indicate that crude oil prices had a positive but insignificant effect on economic growth. The study recommends that the government diversifies its sources of energy to ensure that economic activity economy is not deeply connected to crude oil prices because of their volatility.
Changes in the Style and Contents of Abstracts from The Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology between the 1960s and the 2010s
Authors: Di Feo Gian , Whissell Cynthia
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to examine changes in the style and content of abstracts from the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology across time. Characteristics examined were word commonness, word activation, word pleasantness, sentence length, abstract length, mentions of inferential statistics and mentions of drugs (both street drugs and pharmaceuticals). Abstracts (N=510) were downloaded from volumes published before the wide introduction of computers (1968-9) and from those published in more current years (2016-17). Scores for word pleasantness and word activation were assessed with the Dictionary of Affect in Language. Word commonness was scored in comparison to a corpus of everyday English, and sentence length and abstract length were measured in terms of number of words. There were several strong and significant differences between abstracts from the pre-computer era and those from the 21st century, including greater length, more mentions of inferential statistics and more mentions of drugs in the later time period. A stepwise discriminant function analysis was able to correctly predict the origin (early or pre-computer versus 21st century) of 98% of the abstracts on the basis of the characteristics measured (canonical correlation=.89).
The Handling of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia from the Perspective of Nonmilitary Defense Strategy
Authors: Cato Kartoli
Published: November 2020

Pandemic coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) resulted in various aspects of the life of Indonesian people, including aspects of defense and security. The defense state classifies threats into military threats, nonmilitary, and combined or hybrid threats. The epidemic of COVID-19 is a non - military threat with a public safety dimension against the national defense. The bureaucracy that has not been properly integrated, sectoral egos, and negative news about the pandemic have become obstacles in the handling of the COV ID-19 pandemic by the Government of Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the simple handling of the pandemic COVID-19 by the Indonesian Government from the perspective of nonmilitary defense principles. This becomes important to unravel and minimize the obstacles faced so that subsequent handling will be more effective and efficient.  This paper uses descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach and a literature study. With the theory principles of defense strategy of nonmilitary, the author is looking at steps undertaken by Indonesia Government in handling the pandemic COVID-19. The principle of unity of command, coordination principle, the principle of anticipation, and the principle of transparency still need to be improved in a concrete way so that the handling of the pandemic COVID-19 is effective and efficient, could be reached. Building synergies and integrity policymakers consistently and continuously, inevitability to improve the defense state ability in the face of threats, military, nonmilitary and hybrid threats
E-Learning of Tafsir Al-Quran Course: A Study on Students’ Satisfaction towards Teaching Techniques and Assessment Methods
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Akhiruddin
Published: November 2020

During COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysia had implemented Movement Control Order (MCO) that disallowed usual face-to-face lectures in all education institutions. This compliance has affected both public and private higher education institutions in providing learning sessions to students. Thus, e-learning which is the implementation of teaching and learning sessions through technology systems is the best alternative to ensure that learning sessions are continuously uninterrupted. Part of the successful implementation of this learning method is influenced by teaching techniques and assessment methods. Therefore, the aim of this study is to know the students’ satisfaction towards teaching techniques and assessment methods in e-learning of Tafsir al-Quran course. Method used in this research is quantitative design whereas a semi-structured questionnaire distributed among 2nd year students of Quran and Multimedia Studies Program, Faculty of Quran and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. This questionnaire has to be answered via Microsoft Forms and the data obtained then were analyzed descriptively through computer software namely Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The results of the study found that the level of students’ satisfaction towards teaching techniques and assessment methods in e-learning of Tafsir al-Quran course were at a good and satisfactory level. In this regard, teaching techniques applied by lecturers are very important in providing understanding to students, as well as a systematic assessment methods to identify the level of students’ understanding.
FAMILY FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AMONG PUPILS IN KABETE REHABILITATION SCHOOL IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mwanza Martin Mwaka
Published: November 2020

This paper uses data collected for an MA Thesis on the family factors influencing the development of juvenile delinquency among pupils in Kabete Rehabilitation School in Nairobi County, Kenya. This study has been necessitated by continued concern among policymakers, practitioners, citizens, and researchers about the rising cases of juvenile delinquency in Nairobi County. Although there had been speculations that family factors sit at the core of the trigger factors, there has never been a detailed and systematic inquiry and analysis of this problem. The study was guided by several specific objectives; the first objective examined the range of family factors that influenced the development of juvenile delinquency among pupils in Kabete Rehabilitation School in Nairobi County, Kenya while the second objective examined how family types influenced the development of juvenile delinquency among pupils in Kabete Rehabilitation School in Nairobi County, Kenya. Last but not least, the study assessed the multiplier effects of juvenile delinquency among pupils in Kabete Rehabilitation School in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study adopted a qualitative case study research design and purposive sampling technique. A sample size of 60 respondents who comprised of 30 parents, 24 pupils, 4 teachers and 2 administrators was adopted. The collected data was analyzed thematically and presented in verbatim quotes. The study revealed a relationship between family factors, family types and development of delinquency among juveniles. Family attachment and family conflict are risk factors for delinquency. Further, this study established that not all children follow the same road to delinquency; different life-experience combinations will produce different delinquent activity. For instance, positive parenting behaviours in the early years and later in adolescence tend to serve as barriers mitigating juvenile activity and encouraging teenagers who are already involved in criminal conduct to refrain from more crime. In matters policy, this study recommends interventions with the help of other social institutions such as religion and others that have a direct bearing on children growth and development like the government children departments to deeply engage in altering parenting practices aiming to promote better socialization of the child and also reduce engagement in negative outcomes such as delinquency. The government may consider starting up free family counseling clinics and rehabilitation centers to address or counter any social and behavioural defects that result from inadequate parenting such as delinquency.
Analysis Of Functions And Applications Of Siaran Mobile (Reporting And Assignment Application System) As A Communication Facility Of South Tangerang City Towards Smart City
Authors: Irawan Enjang Pera , Aulianisa Tasya
Published: November 2020

This study entitled analysis of functions and applications of siaran mobile (reporting and assignment application system) as a communication facility of South Tangerang City towards smart city. The purpose of this study was to analyze the functions and benefits of the SIARAN Mobile application as a facility of public communication in supporting South Tangerang City towards smart city. Supporting concepts and theories in this research were communication, public relations government, and smart city. This research method was to use a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings showed that the SIARAN Mobile application was a South Tangerang City reporting media based on the mobile application that was officially launched by the government since March 9th, 2017. The function of this application was to become a reporting application for technical problems such as waste problems, damaged public facilities, actions which was detrimental to the community. The benefit of this application was to make it easier for the public to report various problems in the South Tangerang area, and make it easier for the government in handling various problems that were complained of by the community.
“Unpacking Routine Program Monitoring-Sustainability of Agricultural Projects Funded by Non-governmental Organizations Nexus. An empirical Study in Bungoma County, Kenya”
Authors: MULI EMMANUEL , Kyalo Dorothy , Nyonje Raphael
Published: November 2020

Guided by systems theory, this study investigated how routine program monitoring influences the sustainability of agricultural projects. The analysis included the following tests: means, frequencies and standard deviations for descriptive analysis while inferential statistics was conducted by the use of correlations, and linear regression. The study had the following findings: Sustainability of agricultural projects had a general mean (GM) of 24.7080 and a general (SD) of 4.30998 showing that agricultural projects were not sustained. Small standard deviation showed a consensus among participants on this issue. For routine program monitoring, the general mean score for all items was 31.2336 with a general standard deviation of 4.82984. The implication of this mean score and standard deviation in respect to the study is that there was general agreement in opinion among participants that organizations utilized monitoring and evaluation system in terms of routine program monitoring. The results from interview guides supported the quantitative results, by agreeing that organization indeed utilized monitoring as required. Project managers were convinced that organizational monitoring system was in good condition, the only challenge that was expressed by project managers concerning monitoring system is poor utilization of collected data to take corrective measures. It was said that data collected from monitoring was rarely used to make project improvements. Routine program monitoring was found to have a very small positive correlation with the sustainability of agricultural projects which was not statistically significance. H0: was not rejected with r= 0.059, . This shows that the regression model was not fit.
Corporate governance, corporate social responsibility and performance with the moderating role of board equity ownership: Evidence from Indonesia’s oil palm companies
Authors: Asna Asna
Published: November 2020

The Oil Palm Companies is one of the highest contributions towards Indonesia economic development. However, the company performance in the oil palm companies is far from expectation which is related to how they responsible on their shareholders as well as stakeholders. Thus, the study purpose is to examine the relations between corporate governance mechanisms, corporate social responsibility and board equity ownership on performance in Indonesia’s Oil Palm Companies. The findings highlight a positive relationship between board equity ownership, corporate social responsibility and company performance. Furthermore, the moderating role of board equity ownership has a significant positive on the relationship between independence director and company performance as well as corporate social responsibility. The relationship between female director and company performance shows the same result with the interaction of board equity ownership. Currently studies have found that corporate governance mechanisms, corporate social responsibility have significant effect on company performance. Nevertheless, this evidence showed that direct relationship between corporate governance, social responsibility and company performance have mix results. Admittedly, the indirect relationship revealed that board equity ownership contributes significant effect on the relations between corporate governance, social responsibility and company performance particularly in Indonesia’s oil palm companies. Based on the author knowledge, a few studies have been done in oil palm companies which it provides a prominent issue in corporate governance mechanism particularly on board equity ownership which majority is held by family member ownership.

Keywords Corporate governance, social responsibility, board equity ownership, company performance
The chronology of Glastonbury Lake Village
Authors: Marshall Peter , Brunning Richard , Minnitt Stephen , Ramsey Christopher Bronk , Dunbar Elaine , Reimer Paula J.
Published: November 2020

The Glastonbury Lake Village in Somerset, UK, is made up of 90 mounds comprising 40 roundhouses. Excavations between 1892 and 1907 revealed Iron Age structural and material remains unparalleled in Western Europe. The settlement's exact chronology, however, has remained uncertain. Here, the authors present a programme of radiocarbon and dendrochronological dating and chronological modelling on samples from recent excavations. The results indicate that the site was founded in the early second century cal BC, with the last structures being built just over a century later. This new, robust chronology can be used to date a wide range of associated material culture, and complements chronologies established for other Iron Age sites.
Stimulus-Specific Visual Working Memory Representations in Human Cerebellar Lobule VIIb/VIIIa
Authors: Brissenden James A. , Tobyne Sean M. , Halko Mark A. , Somers David C.
Published: November 2020

fMRI research has revealed that cerebellar lobule VIIb/VIIIa exhibits load-dependent activity that increases with the number of items held in visual working memory (VWM). However, it remains unclear whether these cerebellar responses reflect processes specific to VWM or more general visual attentional mechanisms. To investigate this question, we examined whether cerebellar activity during the delay period of a VWM task is selective for stimuli held in working memory. A sample of male and female human subjects performed a VWM continuous report task in which they were retroactively cued to remember the direction of motion of moving dot stimuli. Cerebellar lobule VIIb/VIIIa delay-period activation accurately decoded the direction of the remembered stimulus, as did frontal and parietal regions of the dorsal attention network. Arguing against a motor explanation, no other cerebellar area exhibited stimulus specificity, including the oculomotor vermis, a key area associated with eye movement control. Finer-scale analysis revealed that the medial portion of lobule VIIb and to a lesser degree the lateral most portion of lobules VIIb and VIIIa, which exhibit robust resting state connectivity with frontal and parietal regions of the dorsal attention network, encoded the identity of the remembered stimulus, while intermediate portions of lobule VIIb/VIIIa did not. These findings of stimulus-specific coding of VWM within lobule VIIb/VIIIa indicate for the first time that the distributed network responsible for the encoding and maintenance of mnemonic representations extends to the cerebellum.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThere is considerable debate concerning where in the brain the contents of visual working memory (VWM) are stored. To date, this literature has primarily focused on the role of regions located within cerebral cortex. There is growing evidence for cerebellar involvement in higher-order cognitive functions including working memory. While the cerebellum has been previously shown to be recruited by VWM paradigms, it is unclear whether any portion of cerebellum actively encodes and maintains mnemonic representations. The present study demonstrates that cerebellar lobule VIIb/VIIIa activity patterns are selective for remembered stimuli and that this selectivity persists in the absence of perceptual input. These findings provide novel evidence for the participation of cerebellar structures in the persistent storage of visual information.
Connectivity corridor conservation: A conceptual model for the restoration of a changing Gulf of Mexico ecosystem
Authors: Peterson Charles H. , Franklin Kelly P. , Cordes Erik E.
Published: November 2020

The ability of the ocean to continue to sustain human society depends on adequate protections of its ecosystem function and services. Despite the establishment of marine protected areas, formal protection of critical connectivity corridors to link habitats and thereby maintain necessary demographic transitions in marine species under threat is now rare. Such protections are critical to future resilience of food webs as climate and ocean change continues. Here, we focus on the Gulf of Mexico to support an integrative, holistic approach to marine and coastal habitat restoration, rehabilitation, and conservation in an ecosystem context following the extensive environmental and living resource injuries from the Deepwater Horizon oil well blowout. Critically important physical, chemical, and biological connectivity processes drive nutrient transport from the nearshore, mid-waters, and even deep ocean into coastal terrestrial habitats, enhancing primary production and terrestrial species populations. The emerging scientific understanding of the nature, habitat specificity, locations, and directions of transport in connectivity processes can help build natural ecosystem capital through protecting flows from land to sea and from the sea to multiple coastal habitats. We expose a dire need for a new conservation imperative, recognizing that oceanic and coastal protected areas established around the reliance of individual species on critical habitats are insufficient without also conserving relevant connectivity corridors that service ontogenetic migration pathways and ecosystem-support processes. Such connectivity must be explicitly understood, protected, and often actively enhanced through restoration intervention to ensure the success of various site-specific conservation actions and be continually modified in anticipation of and in response to multiple impacts of changing climate.
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on male reproduction
Authors: Tian Yu , Zhou Li-quan
Published: November 2020

Invasion or damage of the male reproductive system is one of the reported outcomes of viral infection. Current studies have documented that SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, can damage the male reproductive system in large part by inflammatory damage caused by a cytokine storm. However, whether SARS-CoV-2 can infect the human testis directly and enter semen is controversial. Other adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproduction are also of concern and require comprehensive evaluation. Here, we analyze the invasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 in the testis and examine reported mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 interferes with male reproduction. Long-term implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male reproduction are also discussed. It should be emphasized that although COVID-19 may induce testicular damage, a substantial decrease in male reproductive capacity awaits clinical evidence. We propose that there is an urgent need to track male COVID-19 patients during their recovery. The development of suitable experimental models, including human reproductive organoids, will be valuable to further investigate the viral impact on reproduction for current and future pandemics.
Métricas de autor Edwin Francisco Forero García
Authors: Camilo Alejandro Corchuelo Rodriguez , Cristian Alexander Vega Mosquera , Luz Marina Paez
Published: November 2020

Informe de las métricas de autor del Ing. Edwin Francisco Forero García de las publicaciones indexadas en Google Académico cuyo objetivo es entregar un insumo para el fortalecimiento de las capacidades y potencialidades de los autores de la Universidad Santo Tomás en el posicionamiento y visibilidad de sus publicaciones
Kinematografinė kultūra Lietuvoje, 1926-1944 m.: tarp pramogos ir ideologijos
Authors:   , Dambrauskas Audrius
Published: November 2020

Film Culture in Lithuania, 1926-1944: Between Entertainment and Ideology
Key features of sociocultural adaptation of Crimean Tatars
Authors: Kadzhametov L. R.
Published: November 2020

In this article the problems of socio-cultural adaptation of Crimean Tatars – repatriates in terms of contemporary Crimean society are considered.
The phenomenon of mental inflation and projection in politic
Authors:   Institute of Social and Political Psychology of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Donchenko O. A. , Afonin E. A. ,   National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine 20, Antona Tsedika Str., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

Social transformation is not a linear process. Its trajectory contains items that substantially describe the opposite processes of inversion. This situation can be fully attributed to Ukraine after 2006. Under this fact the policy of that time can be regarded as irrational sphere, the main laws which are not in the minds of individuals, but in their collective unconscious. It also determines the algorithms of crisis recurrence of political system in general. One of the key determinants that define the nature of Politics conduct are pathopsychological processes, including mental inflation and projection, which are considered in this article.
Empleo de osteosíntesis recubierta de cemento con antibiótico en el tratamiento de la osteomielitis. Presentación de dos casos
Authors: Soutullo Jorge Luis , Argüelles Santiago , Rodríguez Martín Pablo , Pereira Enrique
Published: November 2020

El tratamiento de la osteomielitis asociada a la falla de la osteosíntesis representa un verdadero desafío para el cirujano ortopédico. El retiro del implante, la limpieza quirúrgica del área afectada y la fijación externa como métodos de estabilidad transitoria, sumados a la administración de antibióticos por vía sistémica son conductas habituales en el manejo inicial de la infección asociada a la falla del implante. No obstante, la suma de estas medidas puede no ser suficiente para controlar completamente el cuadro. El agregado local de cemento con antibiótico permite la liberación continua y sostenida del agente que alcanza una concentración local significativamente más alta que las concentraciones inhibitorias bacterianas mínimas necesarias, a expensas de una menor toxicidad sistémica. Se presentan dos casos de osteomielitis asociada a la falla de la osteosíntesis tratados mediante una nueva síntesis con placa revestida de cemento con antibiótico. Se logró controlar la infección y la consolidación ósea en ambos casos. El resultado funcional fue excelente con un puntaje QuickDASH de 6,3 y 4,5, respectivamente.
Palabras clave: Osteomielitis; placa recubierta; cemento con antibiótico; falla de osteosíntesis.Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Cifoescoliosis severa secundaria a neurofibromatosis. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Nuñez Alvarado Luis Enrique , Morales Vásquez Edgar , Macchiavello Falcon Raúl
Published: November 2020

La escoliosis distrófica de la neurofibromatosis se caracteriza por ser una cifoescoliosis de ángulo agudo que compromete un segmento corto de la columna vertebral y genera una gran deformidad que, sumada a los cambios distróficos de la columna, convierte a los gestos quirúrgicos para su corrección en verdaderos retos. Se presenta a un varón de 15 años con cifoescoliosis toracolumbar distrófica severa con ápice en T9, ángulo de Cobb 107° de escoliosis y 110,7° de cifosis segmentaria. Se realiza una cirugía por vía posterior en tres tiempos, mediante una resección de la columna vertebral y reemplazo con malla de titanio; se logra una corrección de la cifosis y la escoliosis del 56% y 59,8%, respectivamente. El paciente no tuvo complicaciones mayores, ni secuelas, y la evolución fue favorable. La resección de la columna vertebral es una técnica quirúrgica potente y desafiante para el manejo de la deformidad cifoescoliótica compleja necesaria para lograr el equilibrio espinal, aunque no está exenta de complicaciones, sobre todo neurológicas y pulmonares, a veces, inevitables. La calidad de vida de nuestro paciente tuvo una mejoría importante.

Palabras clave: Neurofibromatosis; escoliosis; resección; columna vertebral.Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Incurvación anterolateral congénita de la tibia asociada con polidactilia. Reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Biolatto Paula , Carabajal Mattar Miguel , Turazza Florencia , Masquijo Julio Javier
Published: November 2020

La incurvación anterolateral congénita de la tibia asociada con polidactilia (congenital anterolateral tibial bowing associated with polydactyly) es una deformidad extremadamente rara. Solo se han documentado 21 casos en la bibliografía inglesa. Aunque existe una estrecha relación entre la incurvación anterolateral de la tibia, la seudoartrosis congénita de la tibia y la neurofibromatosis tipo 1, la incurvación anterolateral congénita de la tibia asociada con polidactilia es una entidad específica con un pronóstico más favorable. Comunicamos otro caso y también revisamos los casos de este cuadro ya reportados con respecto a las deformidades asociadas, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento.
Palabras clave: Incurvación tibial; polidactilia; hallux.Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Análisis cualitativo del sistema educacional de la residencia en Ortopedia y Traumatología en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: De Zavalía Máximo , Pierro Inés , Tálamo Francisco , Varaona José María
Published: November 2020

La pandemia del COVID-19 afecta directamente la actividad de los residentes de Ortopedia y Traumatología. La gran carga horaria que requiere su formación está disminuida ampliamente en estos momentos. Suponemos que dicha capacitación se ve gravemente afectada principalmente en el aspecto práctico, y no tanto así en el teórico.
Objetivo: Realizar un análisis cualitativo del sistema educacional de la residencia de Ortopedia y Traumatología en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y la región pampeana en tiempos del COVID-19.
Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal que consta de una encuestaanónima de 16 preguntas de opción múltiple, orientadas a los cambios en la actividad teórica y práctica durante la pandemia. Se encuestó a 361 médicos residentes de Ortopedia y Traumatología que trabajan en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y la región pampeana.
Resultados: Se recibieron 122 encuestas respondidas. El 76,2% manifestó estar invirtiendo más tiempo en estudio que antes de la pandemia y el 71,3%, no estar preocupado por su formación teórica. Distinto escenario se observa en la formación práctica, ya que el 88,5% refiere que su actividad quirúrgica disminuyó y el 90,1% manifiesta su preocupación ante tal situación.
Conclusiones: Los residentes son conscientes del impacto que genera la cuarentena en su educación y muchos utilizan este período para fortalecer su formación teórica. Para enfrentar este desafío, son esenciales diversas estrategias, como telemedicina, webinars y videos sobre procedimientos quirúrgicos. Sin embargo, esta circunstancia sin precedentes nos deja como enseñanza lo complejo de suplantar la actividad práctica.
Palabras clave: Coronavirus; pandemia; educación médica; residencia; COVID-19.Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Instrucción Ortopédica de Posgrado - Imágenes. Presentación del caso
Authors: Trueba Ricardo
Published: November 2020

Se presenta el caso de un deportista recreacional con dolor persistente en tobillo e imágenes del caso.
Eficacia de la férula nocturna y el ultrasonido para tratar el síndrome del túnel carpiano. Estudio clínico controlado y aleatorizado
Authors: Hernandez Daniel , Terpolilli Esteban , Verdecchia Daniel Héctor , Leiva Valeria , Ventos Laura , Rodríguez Romina , Gamboa Anabella , Spath María Belén , Steimberg Jimena , Sanz Martín , Williams Erica , Mohr Sabrina , Colesnik Paola , Chen Tai Lo , Dell' Era Silvina , Dimaro Mariana , Díaz Romina , Baldo Bruno , Accoce Matías
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia de la inmovilización nocturna de la muñeca con una férula cubital en ángulo neutro junto con la aplicación de ultrasonido en pacientes con síndrome del túnel carpiano leve y moderado. Materiales y Métodos: Entre octubre de 2007 y marzo de 2010, se incluyó a pacientes >18 años con síndrome del túnel carpiano confirmado por electromiografía en un hospital de Buenos Aires. Se realizó una aleatorización estratificada, con bloques permutados aleatorios, y apareamiento por sexo y edad. Los pacientes fueron asignados al grupo experimental (GE) o al grupo de control (GC). Ambos grupos recibieronultrasonido de 1 MHz pulsante por 15 min, 3 veces por semana, durante 6 semanas. Los pacientes del GE, además, utilizaron una férula nocturna. Se evaluaron el dolor y la parestesia con la escala analógica visual de 100 mm, la PSFS y el test de Moberg, al comenzar, a las 3 semanas y, al finalizar, a las 6 semanas, y durante el seguimiento, al mes, y a los 3 y 6 meses, con evaluador a ciego. Resultados: Se analizó a 32 pacientes del GC y a 33 del GE. Al finalizar el tratamiento, todas las variables habían mejorado en ambos grupos, con diferencia de medias estadísticamente significativa para el dolor a favor del GE a las 3 semanas de tratamiento 1,64 (IC95% 0,38-2,91; p = 0,012), pero sin diferencia clínica significativa. No se informaron efectos adversos. Conclusión: El tratamiento con una férula nocturna y ultrasonido no es superior al ultrasonido solo en pacientes con STC.

Palabras clave: Síndrome del túnel carpiano; tratamiento; férulas; terapia con ultrasonido.Nivel de Evidencia: II