bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An intelligent model for supporting edge migration for virtual function chains in next generation internet of things
Authors: Tsakanikas Vassilis , Dagiuklas Tasos , Iqbal Muddesar , Wang Xinheng , Mumtaz Shahid
Published: January 2023

The developments on next generation IoT sensing devices, with the advances on their low power computational capabilities and high speed networking has led to the introduction of the edge computing paradigm. Within an edge cloud environment, services may generate and consume data locally, without involving cloud computing infrastructures. Aiming to tackle the low computational resources of the IoT nodes, Virtual-Function-Chain has been proposed as an intelligent distribution model for exploiting the maximum of the computational power at the edge, thus enabling the support of demanding services. An intelligent migration model with the capacity to support Virtual-Function-Chains is introduced in this work. According to this model, migration at the edge can support individual features of a Virtual-Function-Chain. First, auto-healing can be implemented with cold migrations, if a Virtual Function fails unexpectedly. Second, a Quality of Service monitoring model can trigger live migrations, aiming to avoid edge devices overload. The evaluation studies of the proposed model revealed that it has the capacity to increase the robustness of an edge-based service on low-powered IoT devices. Finally, comparison with similar frameworks, like Kubernetes, showed that the migration model can effectively react on edge network fluctuations.
The framing of time-dependent machine learning models improves risk estimation among young individuals with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: de Carvalho Luiz Sérgio Fernandes , Alexim Gustavo , Nogueira Ana Claudia Cavalcante , Fernandez Marta Duran , Rezende Tito Barbosa , Avila Sandra , Reis Ricardo Torres Bispo , Soares Alexandre Anderson Munhoz , Sposito Andrei Carvalho
Published: January 2023

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a common cause of death in individuals older than 55 years. Although younger individuals are less frequently seen with ACS, this clinical event has increasing incidence trends, shows high recurrence rates and triggers considerable economic burden. Young individuals with ACS (yACS) are usually underrepresented and show idiosyncratic epidemiologic features compared to older subjects. These differences may justify why available risk prediction models usually penalize yACS with higher false positive rates compared to older subjects. We hypothesized that exploring temporal framing structures such as prediction time, observation windows and subgroup-specific prediction, could improve time-dependent prediction metrics. Among individuals who have experienced ACS (nglobal_cohort = 6341 and nyACS = 2242), the predictive accuracy for adverse clinical events was optimized by using specific rules for yACS and splitting short-term and long-term prediction windows, leading to the detection of 80% of events, compared to 69% by using a rule designed for the global cohort.
In vitro prospective healthy and nutritional benefits of different Citrus monofloral honeys
Authors: Fratianni Florinda , Amato Giuseppe , d’Acierno Antonio , Ombra Maria Neve , De Feo Vincenzo , Coppola Raffaele , Nazzaro Filomena
Published: January 2023

We studied the total polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamin C, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of six Citrus monofloral honey, and the in vitro inhibitory effect against cholinesterases and tyrosinase. Finally, we assessed their effect against the biofilm of some pathogenic bacteria. Lime honey showed the best antioxidant activity and the highest content of polyphenols and vitamin C. Lemon and tangerine honey contained almost exclusively flavonoids. Lemon honey better preserved the bovine serum albumin against denaturation (IC50 = 48.47 mg). Honeys inhibited acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase up to 12.04% (tangerine), 19.11% (bergamot), and 94.1% (lemon), respectively. Lime and clementine honey better inhibited the Listeria monocytogenes biofilm. Bergamot honey acted mainly against the Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm; bergamot and tangerine honey inhibited the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm particularly. Bergamot, clementine, and tangerine honey acted against Escherichia coli sessile cell metabolism. This Citrus honey exhibited in vitro prospective health benefits and is applicable for future in vivo studies.
Phase diagrams of PEG1000,1500,2000,4000,6000 + lithium citrate + water ATPSs, and the partitioning of salbutamol at T = 298.15 K
Authors: Nemati-Kande Ebrahim , Azizi Zolfa , Mokarizadeh Marziyeh
Published: January 2023

Salbutamol is a drug used to treat the pulmonary diseases by ameliorate the medium and large airways in the lungs. Partitioning of salbutamol drug on the aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) of PEG1000,1500,2000,4000,6000 + trilithium citrate + water was determined at T = 298.15 K. The effect of molecular mass of polymer (MMP) on the binodal and tie-line compositions were studied. Results showed that the biphasic area was extended as the MMP was increased. The salting-out ability were quantified using the Setschenow model, and the binodal curves were modeled by a nonlinear 3-parameter equation. Furthermore, electrolyte Wilson along with the osmotic virial models have adequately been implemented to fit the tie-line compositions. Also, the studied ATPSs were implemented to study the partitioning of salbutamol drug on the salt-affluent and polymer-affluent phases. It is observed that, ATPSs of PEG1000 is premium to extract the salbutamol to the polymer-affluent phase, where, the ATPSs of PEG6000 is more favorable to extract the drug to the salt-affluent phase.
Performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled by coal-based diesel fuels and their blends with polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Li Ting , Niu Tianlin , Zheng Wenxiu , Xie Yijing , E Weibo
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled by coal-based diesel fuels and their blends with oxygenated fuel polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODEn). First, coal-based Fischer–Tropsch (FT) diesel fuel was blended with hydrogenated diesel fuel at three volume ratios of 40%/60%, 50%/50%, and 60%/40%, denoted as T6W4, T5W5, and T4W6, respectively. Then, PODEn were added into the T4W6 fuel with the volume ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30% to evaluate its effects on the performance and emissions of a coal-based diesel engine. The results showed that the output torques and powers of the three coal-based diesel blends were slightly lower than those of the petroleum diesel fuel. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the coal-based diesel fuels was almost the same as that of the petroleum diesel fuel. The brake thermal efficiencies (BTE) of the coal-based diesel blends were slightly lower than that of the petroleum diesel fuel, and the maximum reduction was 1.59%. The pollutant emissions of T5W5 were the closest to those of petroleum diesel fuel. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions of T4W6 were lower, with a maximum decrease of 11.18% compared with the petroleum diesel. The carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of T6W4 were the highest, with maximum increases of 36.79% and 29.05%, respectively. The smoke emissions of T4W6 and T6W4 were higher than those of petroleum diesel fuel. Adding PODEn into T4W6 lowered the engine power and torque but increased the BSFC and BTE. The output torque and power of the diesel engine were further reduced when PODEn were blended with T4W6, with the maximum reductions of 17.76% and 16.96%, respectively. With an increase in the PODEn blending ratio, BSFC and BTE increased gradually, and the maximum increase in the BTE was 1.57%. Blending PODEn with the fuel effectively improved the emission characteristics of the coal-based diesel fuels. The NOx emissions increased slightly, but the emissions of HC, CO, and smoke were reduced significantly, with maximum reductions of 24.42%, 31.67%, and 82.35%, respectively.
Intra-person multi-task learning method for chronic-disease prediction
Authors: Kim Gihyeon , Lim Heeryung , Kim Yunsoo , Kwon Oran , Choi Jang-Hwan
Published: January 2023

In the medical field, various clinical information has been accumulated to help clinicians provide personalized medicine and make better diagnoses. As chronic diseases share similar characteristics, it is possible to predict multiple chronic diseases using the accumulated data of each patient. Thus, we propose an intra-person multi-task learning framework that jointly predicts the status of correlated chronic diseases and improves the model performance. Because chronic diseases occur over a long period and are affected by various factors, we considered features related to each chronic disease and the temporal relationship of the time-series data for accurate prediction. The study was carried out in three stages: (1) data preprocessing and feature selection using bidirectional recurrent imputation for time series (BRITS) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO); (2) a convolutional neural network and long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) for single-task models; and (3) a novel intra-person multi-task learning CNN-LSTM framework developed to predict multiple chronic diseases simultaneously. Our multi-task learning method between correlated chronic diseases produced a more stable and accurate system than single-task models and other baseline recurrent networks. Furthermore, the proposed model was tested using different time steps to illustrate its flexibility and generalization across multiple time steps.
Analyses of canine cancer mutations and treatment outcomes using real-world clinico-genomics data of 2119 dogs
Authors: Wu Kevin , Rodrigues Lucas , Post Gerald , Harvey Garrett , White Michelle , Miller Aubrey , Lambert Lindsay , Lewis Benjamin , Lopes Christina , Zou James
Published: January 2023

Spontaneous tumors in canines share significant genetic and histological similarities with human tumors, positioning them as valuable models to guide drug development. However, current translational studies have limited real world evidence as cancer outcomes are dispersed across veterinary clinics and genomic tests are rarely performed on dogs. In this study, we aim to expand the value of canine models by systematically characterizing genetic mutations in tumors and their response to targeted treatments. In total, we collect and analyze survival outcomes for 2119 tumor-bearing dogs and the prognostic effect of genomic alterations in a subset of 1108 dogs. Our analysis identifies prognostic concordance between canines and humans in several key oncogenes, including TP53 and PIK3CA. We also find that several targeted treatments designed for humans are associated with a positive prognosis when used to treat canine tumors with specific genomic alterations, underscoring the value of canine models in advancing drug discovery for personalized oncology.
High-efficiency, visible-light-induced direct dehydrogenative phosphonylation by bismuth quantum dots under ambient conditions
Authors: Zi You , Wei Songrui , Huang Zhihui , Zhu Jun , Hu Yi , Wang Mengke , Zhang Han , Huang Weichun
Published: January 2023

Uniform monoelemental bismuth quantum dots were employed as a kind of novel photocatalysts for the construction of thiophosphates via direct dehydrogenative phosphonylation of thiols under ambient conditions.
Accelerating industrial-level CO2electroreduction kinetics on isolated zinc centersviasulfur-boosted bicarbonate dissociation
Authors: Zheng Wanzhen , Wang Dashuai , Cui Wenjun , Sang Xiahan , Qin Xuetao , Zhao Zilin , Li Zhongjian , Yang Bin , Zhong Miao , Lei Lecheng , Zheng Qiang , Yao Siyu , Wu Gang , Hou Yang
Published: January 2023

A hierarchically porous carbon electrocatalyst containing isolated Zn sites and N/S dopants was developed for simultaneously facilitating bicarbonate dissociation and CO2protonation, achieving high CO2ER kinetics at industrial current density.
One-year nutrition counselling in the context of a Mediterranean diet reduced the dietary inflammatory index in women with breast cancer: a role for the dietary glycemic index
Authors: Vitale Sara , Palumbo Elvira , Polesel Jerry , Hebert James R. , Shivappa Nitin , Montagnese Concetta , Porciello Giuseppe , Calabrese Ilaria , Luongo Assunta , Prete Melania , Pica Rosa , Grimaldi Maria , Crispo Anna , Esindi Nadia , Falzone Luca , Mattioli Veronica , Martinuzzo Valentina , Poletto Luigina , Cubisino Serena , Dainotta Patrizia , De Laurentiis Michelino , Pacilio Carmen , Rinaldo Massimo , Thomas Guglielmo , D'Aiuto Massimiliano , Serraino Diego , Massarut Samuele , Ferraù Francesco , Rossello Rosalba , Catalano Francesca , Banna Giuseppe L. , Messina Francesco , Gatti Davide , Riccardi Gabriele , Libra Massimo , Celentano Egidio , Jenkins David J. A. , Augustin Livia S. A.
Published: January 2023

The inflammatory potential of the diet decreased significantly after one-year of nutrition counselling on the Mediterranean diet and low glycemic index in women with breast cancer living in Italy.
Onchidium struma polysaccharides exhibit hypoglycemic activity and modulate the gut microbiota in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhao Yunfeng , Song Peilin , Yin Shuai , Fan Tianyong , Li Fengwei , Ge Xiaodong , Liu Tingting , Xu Wei , Xu Su , Chen Ligen
Published: January 2023

OsPs regulate glycometabolism and alter intestinal microbiota composition of T2DM mice.
Acoustic microfluidics for colloidal materials and interface engineering
Authors: Zhao Xiong , Chen Zhenzhen , Qiu Yinan , Hao Nanjing
Published: January 2023

The advent of microfluidic and microfabrication technologies provides vast opportunities for the rational design of colloidal materials and interfaces.
Light emission dynamics of silicon vacancy centers in a polycrystalline diamond thin film
Authors: Trojánek František , Hamráček Karol , Hanák Martin , Varga Marián , Kromka Alexander , Babčenko Oleg , Ondič Lukáš , Malý Petr
Published: January 2023

The photoluminescence decay dynamics of silicon vacancy centers in a polycrystalline diamond film indicate that they are not linked with other defects of the film, thereby opening the door for their application in diamond photonics or sensing.
Control of the stepwise self-assembly process of a pH-responsive amphiphilic 4-aminoquinoline-tetraphenylethene conjugate
Authors: Hisamatsu Yosuke , Cheng Fangzhou , Yamamoto Katsuhiro , Takase Hiroshi , Umezawa Naoki , Higuchi Tsunehiko
Published: January 2023

This paper reports an amphiphilic 4-aminoquinoline-tetraphenylethene conjugate that exhibits kinetically controlled stepwise self-assembly and has the ability of switching its kinetic nature in response to pH.
Impact of counteranions on N-heterocyclic carbene gold(i)-catalyzed cyclization of propargylic amide
Authors: Ali Hafiz Saqib , Hussein Aqeel A. , Obies Mohammed
Published: January 2023

The mechanistic effect of several counteranions on the Au(i)-catalyzed cyclization of propargylic amide was explored by means of density functional theory (DFT).
Study on the definition, mechanism and controllability of secondary bubbles based on the bubble nucleation model in injection foaming polypropylene
Authors: Xing Jinfu , Liu Bujin , Jiang Tuanhui , You Yujing , Zeng Xiangbu , Yang Jinkui , Zhang Chun , Gong Wei , He Li
Published: January 2023

The process of nucleation and growth of secondary bubbles was observed by using visualizations of the mold-opening foam injection molding (MOFIM).
Dependence of 1H-NMR T1 relaxation time of trimethylglycine betaine deep eutectic solvents on the molar composition and on the presence of water
Authors: Allegretti Chiara , D'Arrigo Paola , Gatti Francesco G. , Rossato Letizia A. M. , Ruffini Eleonora
Published: January 2023

Our method for the assessment of the stoichiometric coefficients of trimethylglycine betaine/diol based DESs, by automated measures of 1H-NMR T1, compares well with other analytical techniques.
Low-cobalt active cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries: synthesis and performance enhancement methods
Authors: Mallick Sourav , Patel Arjun , Sun Xiao-Guang , Paranthaman Mariappan Parans , Mou Mingyao , Mugumya Jethrine H. , Jiang Mo , Rasche Michael L. , Lopez Herman , Gupta Ram B.
Published: January 2023

This review describes the advancements in the field of Ni-rich NCM cathodes in terms of manufacturing processes, material challenges, modification techniques, and future research directions, and discusses the correlation between the synthesis and electrochemical performance.
Effectively enhanced activity for overall water splitting through interfacially strong P–Co–O tetrahedral coupling interaction on CoO/CoP heterostructure hollow-nanoneedles
Authors: Chen Kai , Cao Yonghua , Wang Wenmeng , Diao Jinxiang , Park Jaehong , Dao Vandung , Kim Gyu-Cheol , Qu Yunteng , Lee In-Hwan
Published: January 2023

CoO/CoP heterostructure hollow-nanoneedles with interfacially strong P–Co–O tetrahedral coupling interaction effectively improve the activity and kinetics for overall water splitting.
A self-supported bifunctional MoNi4framework with iron doping for ultra-efficient water splitting
Authors: Zhao Xiangyuan , Tang Kewei , Wang Xiaomei , Qi Weihong , Yu Hong , Du Cheng-Feng , Ye Qian
Published: January 2023

The strong doping effect of Fe on MoNi4has been demonstrated, which achieves a bifunctional water splitting activity and a two-electrode device can be driven by a 1.5 V AAA battery.
Optical temperature sensing with an Er3+, Yb3+co-doped LaBMoO6single crystal
Authors: Li Xinxu , Bao Bingting , He Xinyu , Wang Guoqiang , Huang Yantang , Li Lingyun , Yu Yan
Published: January 2023

An Er3+, Yb3+co-doped LaBMoO6single crystal with enhanced up-conversion light emission and luminescence temperature sensing ability is grown through flux assisted spontaneous crystal growth technology.
Correction: Asymmetric side-chain engineering in semiconducting polymers: a platform for greener processing and post-functionalization of organic electronics
Authors: Mooney Madison , Nyayachavadi Audithya , Awada Angela , Iakovidis Ekaterini , Wang Yunfei , Chen Mei-Nung , Liu Yuzi , Xu Jie , Chiu Yu-Cheng , Gu Xiaodan , Rondeau-Gagné Simon
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Asymmetric side-chain engineering in semiconducting polymers: a platform for greener processing and post-functionalization of organic electronics’ by Madison Mooney et al., Polym. Chem., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2py01244h.
Manipulating selective amine transformation pathways via cocatalyst-modified monolayer ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts
Authors: Zheng Jian-Hui , Qi Ming-Yu , Tang Zi-Rong , Xu Yi-Jun
Published: January 2023

Cu2S/ZnIn2S4 and Ru2S/ZnIn2S4 composites are constructed to achieve highly selective divergent synthesis of imines and secondary amines via the tunable visible light-driven amine dehydrogenation coupling reaction.
A deep vision sensing‐based fuzzy control scheme for smart feeding in the industrial recirculating aquaculture systems
Authors: Zhou Yueming , Zhang Qin , Zhang Huiyan , Yang Junchao , Guo Zhiwei , Bulugu Isack , Shen Yu
Published: January 2023

In industrial recirculating aquaculture systems (IRAS), the autonomous decision control of feeding strategies remains a practical concern. Conventionally, control schemes were established from data‐driven view, which fails to comprehensively perceive activity status of fishes. To deal with this issue, a deep vision sensing‐based fuzzy control scheme is proposed for smart feeding in IRAS. In the first stage, a deep learning‐based object detection model is introduced to capture two aspects features as the decision factors: residual bait and eating frequency. In the second stage, a fuzzy neural network model is formulated to calculate control decision strategies via fuzzy inference. And experiments on real‐world visual scenes are conducted to verify the proposal.
A three‐stage multi‐agent‐based peer‐to‐peer method for fault isolation of high distributed generation penetrated distribution networks
Authors: Esfahani Akbar Golsorkhi , Fani Bahador , Delshad Majid , Saghafi Hadi
Published: January 2023

As a major strategic component of smart protection schemes, quick and accurate fault isolation would significantly enhance the system performance. With the ever‐increasing installation of distributed generation (DG) units in the distribution networks, however, the fault isolation has become challengeable. Using the multi‐agent‐based infrastructure, this paper presents a peer‐to‐peer decentralized protection coordination scheme having the ability to quickly isolate the fault without dependency to DGs’ operating points. To do so, the distribution network is first mapped into a communication network to define the relationship tables among the protection devices as the agents. Using a three‐stage algorithm, then, the faulted section is removed from the network. In this way, the agents have the ability to be informed about the operation of other agents and accordingly update their relationship tables, network configuration, short circuit level and direction of current flow. Moreover, the decentralized nature of peer‐to‐peer communication makes the approach capable of not relying on a central controller. The proposed method utilizes the common protection devices to be used as the agents and does not need additional measurement equipment. Numerical studies show that the proposed protection scheme can accurately and quickly isolate the faulted section of a high DG‐penetrated distribution network system.
Phenomenological modelling of the Crab Nebula’s broadband energy spectrum and its apparent extension
Authors: Dirson L. , Horns D.
Published: January 2023

Context.The Crab Nebula emits exceptionally bright non-thermal radiation across the entire wavelength range from the radio to the most energetic photons. So far, the underlying physical model of a relativistic wind from the pulsar terminating in a hydrodynamic standing shock has remained fairly unchanged since the early 1970s when it was first introduced. One of the predictions of this model is an increase in the toroidal magnetic field downstream from the shock where the flow velocity drops quickly with increasing distance until it reaches its asymptotic value, matching the expansion velocity of the nebula.

Aims.The magnetic field strength in the nebula is poorly known. Using the recent measurements of the spatial extension and improved spectroscopy of the gamma-ray nebula, it has become –for the first time – feasible to determine in a robust way both the strength as well as the radial dependence of the magnetic field in the downstream flow.

Methods.In this work, we introduce a detailed radiative model which was used to calculate the emission from non-thermal electrons (synchrotron and inverse Compton) as well as from thermal dust present in the Crab Nebula in a self-consistent way to compare it quantitatively with observational data. Special care was given to the radial dependence of the electron and seed field density.

Results.The radiative model was used to estimate the parameters related to the electron populations responsible for radio and optical/X-ray synchrotron emission. In this context, the mass of cold and warm dust was determined. A combined fit based upon aχ2minimisation successfully reproduced the complete data set used. For the best-fitting model, the energy density of the magnetic field dominates over the particle energy density up to a distance of ≈1.3 rs(rs: distance of the termination shock from the pulsar). The very high energy (VHE:E > 100 GeV) and ultra-high energy (UHE:E > 100 TeV) gamma-ray spectra set the strongest constraints on the radial dependence of the magnetic field, favouring a model whereB(r) = (264 ± 9) μG(r/rs)−0.51 ± 0.03. For a collection of VHE measurements during epochs of higher hard X-ray emission, a significantly different solutionB(r) = (167 ± 5) μG(r/rs)−0.29(+0.03, −0.06)is found.

Conclusions.The high energy (HE:E > 100 MeV) and VHE gamma-ray observations of the Crab Nebula lift the degeneracy of the synchrotron emission between particle and magnetic field energy density. The reconstructed magnetic field and its radial dependence indicates a ratio of Poynting to kinetic energy fluxσ ≈ 0.1 at the termination shock, which is ≈30 times larger than estimated up to now. Consequently, the confinement of the nebula would require additional mechanisms to slow the flow down through, for example, excitation of small-scale turbulence with possible dissipation of the magnetic field.
SsODNet: Solar system Open Database Network
Authors: Berthier J. , Carry B. , Mahlke M. , Normand J.
Published: January 2023

Context. The sample of Solar system objects has dramatically increased over the last decade. The number of measured properties (e.g., diameter, taxonomy, rotation period, thermal inertia, etc.) has expanded even more quickly. However, this wealth of information is spread over a myriad of studies, with different designations reported per object.

Aims. We provide a solution to the identification of Solar system objects based on any of their multiple names or designations. We also compile and rationalize their properties to provide an easy access to them. We aim to continuously update the database as new measurements become available.

Methods. We built a Web Service, SsODNet, which offers four access points, each corresponding to an identified necessity in the community: name resolution (quaero), compilation of a large corpus of properties (dataCloud), determination of the best estimate among compiled values (ssoCard), and a statistical description of the population (ssoBFT).

Results. The SsODNet interfaces are fully operational and freely accessible to everyone. The name resolver quaero translates any of the ~5.3 million designations of objects into their current and official designation. The dataCloud includes about 105 million parameters (osculating and proper elements, pair and family membership, diameter, albedo, mass, density, rotation period, spin coordinates, phase function parameters, colors, taxonomy, thermal inertia, and Yarkovsky drift) from over 3000 articles (updated continuously). For each of the known asteroids and dwarf planets (~1.2 million), a ssoCard that provides a single best-estimate for each parameter is available. The SsODNet service provides these resources in a fraction of second upon query. Finally, the extensive ssoBFT table compiles all the best estimates in a single table for population-wide studies.
Tips and Techniques for Traversing the Impassable Biliary Stricture
Authors: Befera Nicholas T. , Cline Brendan C. , Martin Jonathan G. , Suhocki Paul V. , Kim Charles Y.
Published: January 2023

Biliary obstruction is a common indication for referral to interventional radiology, particularly when endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has failed or is not possible due to postsurgical anatomy. The standard approach to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage involves gaining needle access to a peripheral bile duct, followed by advancement of a guidewire and drainage catheter across the obstruction and into bowel to allow internal drainage. While most cases of biliary obstruction are managed successfully with this conventional approach, in some situations it is not possible to traverse the occlusion with a guidewire and catheter, and thus advanced techniques may be required. This article has reviewed the available strategies for managing the impassable biliary obstruction.
Management of Patients with Synchronous Liver Colorectal Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Sidorova Aleksandra , Melekhina Olga , Bashankaev Badma
Published: January 2023

Half of patients with colorectal cancer face liver metastasis. Tactically different approaches to the treatment of hepatic metastases, including using minimally invasive surgical techniques, have proven their effectiveness in improving oncological results. The correct choice of surgical treatment method depending on the number, localization, size of metastases, and their response to chemotherapy plays a crucial role in the further risks of disease progression. Liver resection is the standard of surgical treatment. If for some reason it is impossible to perform it, then the choice of the method of surgical treatment is performed among various methods of ablation and radiation therapy. The possibilities of intra-arterial chemotherapy, chemoembolization, and radioembolization are realized with chemoresistance and unresectability of foci for all types of surgery.
Study on explosive emission characteristics of the silicon carbide modified graphite cathodes with varied morphologies
Authors: Hua Ye , Wan Hong , Wu Ping , Sun Jun , Chen Xingyu , Bai Shuxin , Gong Jinyu
Published: January 2023

Explosive emission cathodes are extensively used in high power microwave sources. Growing requirements are highlighted in the performance of the explosive emission cathode with the development of the high power microwave technology. In order to improve the emission properties of the graphite cathode, modifications using SiC particles or whiskers are carried out by the in situ chemical vapor reaction method. The experiments demonstrate that SiC whiskers accelerate the explosive emission turn-on speed of the graphite cathode for large field enhancement factors and improve the emission uniformity due to the surface flashover plasma generation mechanism. SiC particles increase the emission capability of the graphite cathode, possibly corresponding to the dielectric properties of SiC particles. These results suggest that the SiC whiskers modified graphite cathode is suitable for applications under low magnetic field and large emission area conditions, while the SiC particles modified graphite cathode has a brighter application prospect in the long-time stable operation.
Numerical research on the cavitation effect induced by underwater multi-point explosion near free surface
Authors: Yu Jun , Li Hai-tao , Sheng Zhen-xin , Hao Yi , Liu Jian-hu
Published: January 2023

In this study, the cavitation effect induced by two charges in underwater explosions near free surfaces is numerical researched by two dimensional compressible multiphase fluids based on a four-equation system with a phase transition model. The occurrence of the generation, development, and collapse of cavitation in two-charge underwater explosions near free surfaces can be captured directly. The detailed density, pressure, and vapor volume fraction contours during the interaction process are obtained and can better reveal the characteristic underlying the cavitation, free surface, and explosion bubbles. Numerical results reveal that the cavitation domain has expanded to an area much deeper than the explosion bubble location in two-charge underwater explosions, which should be paid enough attention due to its influence on the input load of underwater structures. The detailed density and pressure contours during the interaction process can also be captured and can better reveal the mechanism underlying the explosion bubble, cavitation, and surface wave dynamics. The present results can expand the currently limited database of multiphase fluid in underwater explosions and also provide new insights into the strong nonlinear interaction between underwater explosion and cavitation, which provides a deep understanding of multi-point explosions.
Barriers and facilitators to accessing sexual health services for older LGBTQIA+ adults: a global scoping review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Conyers Hayley , Wu Dan , Kpokiri Eneyi , Zhang Qihang , Hinchliff Sharron , Shakespeare Tom , Tucker Joseph
Published: January 2023

The number of older adults identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and other sexual and gender diverse identities (LGBTQIA+) is growing as populations age and social environments become more accepting. This study uses a global evidence synthesis to understand perceived barriers and facilitators to access to sexual healthcare globally for older LGBTQIA+ adults. We used a scoping review and qualitative evidence synthesis. Embase, PubMed and PsycInfo were searched with terms related to LGBTQIA+ populations, adults aged 45 years, and sexual health care. We used the Cochrane Handbook and the review protocol was registered. Primary and secondary textual data were coded and grouped into themes using PRISMA-SCR and the Minority Stress Model. The certainty of review findings was assessed using the GRADE-CERQual approach. We identified 19 studies and 15 were included in the qualitative evidence synthesis. All studies were from high-income countries. Heterocentricity and male-centricity of sexual healthcare services contributed to feelings of exclusion for older LGBTQIA+ adults. Both anticipated and enacted stigma from healthcare providers resulted in older LGBTQIA+ adults, especially those with chronic conditions, avoiding health services (seven studies each, low certainty). Older LGBTQIA+ adults have unique sexual health needs and may feel their age empowers them to access appropriate care (four studies, low certainty). This review highlights the need for additional research and interventions to improve sexual health services for older LGBTQIA+ adults. Practical strategies to make sexual health less heterocentric (e.g. gender neutral signage) may increase uptake of essential sexual health services.
Changing trends in transgender demographics and morbidity: baseline data from a Spanish cohort
Authors: González Fernández Pedro , Grau Bolado Gema , Fernández López Carmen , Ponce de León Saenz de Navarrete Susana , Guadilla Fernández María Luisa , Vázquez San Miguel Federico , Bellido Virginia , Rica Echevarria Itxaso
Published: January 2023

The number of transgender people who request hormone treatment is increasing worldwide. We obtained base clinical and demographic information from transgender people treated at a specialised clinic in Spain (n = 484) and studied changes over time. Transgender women treated in 2009–14 were older than those treated in 2015–20 (29 years vs 17 years), had a lower academic level and had higher anxiolytics consumption. Transgender men treated in 2009–14 were older than those treated later (27 years vs 17 years) and had a lower academic level. These trends reflect favourable changes in how the transgender population is treated by society and health services.
Structural remodeling of AAA+ ATPase p97 by adaptor protein ASPL facilitates posttranslational methylation by METTL21D
Authors: Petrović Saša , Roske Yvette , Rami Biria , Phan Mai Hoang Quynh , Panáková Daniela , Heinemann Udo
Published: January 2023

p97 is an essential AAA+ ATPase that extracts and unfolds substrate proteins from membranes and protein complexes. Through its mode of action, p97 contributes to various cellular processes, such as membrane fusion, ER-associated protein degradation, DNA repair, and many others. Diverse p97 functions and protein interactions are regulated by a large number of adaptor proteins. Alveolar soft part sarcoma locus (ASPL) is a unique adaptor protein that regulates p97 by disassembling functional p97 hexamers to smaller entities. An alternative mechanism to regulate the activity and interactions of p97 is by posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Although more than 140 PTMs have been identified in p97, only a handful of those have been described in detail. Here we present structural and biochemical data to explain how the p97-remodeling adaptor protein ASPL enables the metastasis promoting methyltransferase METTL21D to bind and trimethylate p97 at a single lysine side chain, which is deeply buried inside functional p97 hexamers. The crystal structure of a heterotrimeric p97:ASPL:METTL21D complex in the presence of cofactors ATP and S-adenosyl homocysteine reveals how structural remodeling by ASPL exposes the crucial lysine residue of p97 to facilitate its trimethylation by METTL21D. The structure also uncovers a role of the second region of homology (SRH) present in the first ATPase domain of p97 in binding of a modifying enzyme to the AAA+ ATPase. Investigation of this interaction in the human, fish, and plant reveals fine details on the mechanism and significance of p97 trimethylation by METTL21D across different organisms.
A thermal microfluidic actuator based on a novel microheater
Authors: Qaiser Nadeem , Khan Sherjeel M , Babatain Wedyan , Nour Maha , Joharji Lana , Shaikh Sohail F , Elatab Nazek , Hussain Muhammad Mustafa
Published: January 2023

Microfluidic actuators based on thermally-induced actuation are gaining intense attraction due to their usage in disease diagnosis and drug release-related devices. These devices use a thermally-expandable polymer called Expancel that expands once its temperature exceeds a particular threshold value. Achieving such devices that are cost-effective and consume low input power is crucial for attaining efficacy. Therefore, the need for a low-energy consuming actuator necessitates the improved configurations of microheaters that provide the required heat. We report a novel topology of a copper-based microheater called square-wave meander, exhibiting a 44% higher output temperature, showing high actuation efficiency, as compared to the conventionally used meander design. The reason for increased temperature with low input energy is attributed to increased resistance by a jagged structure while maintaining the same surface area, i.e. without changing the effective thickness of the microheater. Numerical modeling demonstrates the comparison of temperature and electric potential contours for reported and conventionally used microheaters. We reveal the merit of the reported design by comparing the volumetric thermal strains for both designs. We experimentally demonstrate the increased expansion of 25% for the reported design at the same applied current of 200 mA and faster operation time. Later, we show the microfluidic actuator device integrated into the microheater and poly-dimethylsiloxane-Expancel, controlling the operation/actuation of a fluid through a microchannel. This work might improve the performance of the advanced microfluidic-based drug release and other fluid-based applications.
Active control of metasurface via integrated spintronic terahertz emitter
Authors: Feng Zheng , Wang Dacheng , Zhang Caihong , Sun Song , Xiang Xingcheng , Jia Xiaoqing , Jin Biaobing , Tan Wei
Published: January 2023

Active metasurfaces have attracted increased attention due to their capabilities in function switching and wavefront shaping. Here we develop a new paradigm for active control of metasurfaces via integrating a tunable and programmable spintronic terahertz emitter (STE). While compatible with almost all conventional materials for metasurfaces, the STE can empower the passive metasurfaces to be active with increased flexibility. For the sake of illustration, a STE integrated metasurface quarter-wave plate is demonstrated, which enables broadband full polarization control over the entire Poincaré sphere. We also share a future perspective that the STE integrated metasurface can be readily programmed by using a commercial spatial light modulator. This work bridges the studies of metasurfaces and spintronic THz emitters, and may inspire more fruitful active metasurface designs and applications.
120 MeV swift Au9+ ion induced phase transition in ZrO2: monoclinic to tetragonal and cubic to tetragonal structure
Authors: Lokesha H S , Nagabhushana K R , Singh Fouran , Thejavathi N R , Tatumi Sonia Hatsue , Prinsloo A R E , Sheppard C J
Published: January 2023

This study reports the effect of 120 MeV swift Au9+ ion irradiation on the structures of monoclinic, tetragonal and cubic ZrO2, probed through x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Three phases of ZrO2 were prepared using the solution combustion method. The tetragonal and cubic phases of ZrO2 were stabilized at room temperature by adding 6% and 10% of yttrium ions, respectively. Both the XRD and Raman results confirm the partial phase transition from monoclinic to tetragonal, which was approximately 74%. Tetragonal ZrO2 is stable under 120 MeV Au9+ ion irradiation. Interestingly, a phase transition from cubic to tetragonal ZrO2 was observed under 120 MeV Au9+ ion irradiation. The roles of transient temperature, defects and strain in the lattice induced by swift heavy ions are discussed. This study reveals the structural stability of different phases of ZrO2 under swift heavy ion irradiation and should be helpful in choosing potential hosts for various applications such as inert fuel matrix inside the core of nuclear reactors, oxygen sensors and accelerators, and radiation shielding.
Dislocation characterization in c-plane GaN epitaxial layers on 6 inch Si wafer with a fast second-harmonic generation intensity mapping technique
Authors: Chiang Shou-En , Chang Wen-Hsin , Chen Yu-Ting , Li Wen-Chung , Yuan Chi-Tsu , Shen Ji-Lin , Chang Sheng Hsiung
Published: January 2023

Second harmonic generation (SHG) intensity, Raman scattering stress, photoluminescence and reflected interference pattern are used to determine the distributions of threading dislocations (TDs) and horizontal dislocations (HDs) in the c-plane GaN epitaxial layers on 6 inch Si wafer which is a structure of high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). The Raman scattering spectra show that the TD and HD result in the tensile stress and compressive stress in the GaN epitaxial layers, respectively. Besides, the SHG intensity is confirmed that to be proportional to the stress value of GaN epitaxial layers, which explains the spatial distribution of SHG intensity for the first time. It is noted that the dislocation-mediated SHG intensity mapping image of the GaN epitaxial layers on 6 inch Si wafer can be obtained within 2 h, which can be used in the optimization of high-performance GaN based HEMTs.
Regional variations distinguish auditory from visual evoked potentials in healthy 4-week old piglets
Authors: Oeur R Anna , Palaniswamy Maduran , Ha Matthew , Fernández Corazza Mariano , Margulies Susan S
Published: January 2023

Evoked potentials (EP), measured using electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings provide an opportunity to monitor cognitive dysfunctions after neurological diseases or traumatic brain injury (TBI). The 4-week-old piglet is an established model of paediatric TBI; therefore, healthy piglets were studied to establish feasibility of obtaining responses to auditory and visual stimuli. A secondary aim was to input the EEG data into a piglet computational model to localize the brain sources related to processing. We tested the hypotheses: 1) Visual, auditory-standard, and auditory-target stimuli elicit responses, 2) There is an effect of stimulus type, day tested, and electrode region on EPs from EEG, 3) There is an effect of stimulus type, day tested, and brain region on localized sources from a computational model. Eleven 4-week-old female piglets were fitted with a 32-electrode net and presented with a simple white light stimulus and an auditory oddball click train (70 standard; 30 target tones). N1 and P2 amplitudes were consistently observed for all stimulus types. Significant interaction effects between brain region and stimulus for EP and current density demonstrate that cognitive responses are specific to each modality with auditory localizing to the temporal region and visual to the occipital regions. There was a day effect where larger responses were found on the first day than day 2 and 3 and may be due to the novelty of the stimulus on the first day. Visual stimuli had larger P1 amplitudes and earlier latencies (P1, N1) than auditory which coincides with current density results at 50 ms where larger activations were observed for visual. At 85 ms, auditory had significantly larger current densities coincident with larger and longer N1 amplitudes and latencies than visual. Auditory and visual processing were successfully and consistently obtained in a porcine model and can be evaluated as a diagnostic assessment for TBI.
Temperature-compensated optical cavities for laser frequency stabilization
Authors: Zhadnov N O , Masalov A V
Published: January 2023

We propose a method for thermal expansion compensation of reference monolithic optical cavities for laser frequency stabilization. Two schemes of optical cavities are considered: a Fabry–Perot interferometer with a crimp ring and a whispering-gallery-mode cavity with a clamp. In each scheme, thermal expansion compensation is achieved due to the strained connection of the cavity with an element made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The temperature range of the cavities’ optical length stabilization is estimated.
Stability and optimal control for delayed rumor-spreading model with nonlinear incidence over heterogeneous networks
Authors: Luo Xupeng , Jiang Haijun , Chen Shanshan , Li Jiarong
Published: January 2023

On the multilingual online social networks of global information sharing, the wanton spread of rumors has an enormous negative impact on people’s lives. Thus, it is essential to explore the rumor-spreading rules in multilingual environment and formulate corresponding control strategies to reduce the harm caused by rumor propagation. In this paper, considering the multilingual environment and intervention mechanism in the rumor-spreading process, an improved ignorants–spreaders-1–spreaders-2–removers (I2SR) rumor-spreading model with time delay and the nonlinear incidence is established in heterogeneous networks. Firstly, based on the mean-field equations corresponding to the model, the basic reproduction number is derived to ensure the existence of rumor-spreading equilibrium. Secondly, by applying Lyapunov stability theory and graph theory, the global stability of rumor-spreading equilibrium is analyzed in detail. In particular, aiming at the lowest control cost, the optimal control scheme is designed to optimize the intervention mechanism, and the optimal control conditions are derived using the Pontryagin’s minimum principle. Finally, some illustrative examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results. The results show that optimizing the intervention mechanism can effectively reduce the densities of spreaders-1 and spreaders-2 within the expected time, which provides guiding insights for public opinion managers to control rumors.
Parametric study of midplane gas puffing to maximize ICRF power coupling in ITER
Authors: Zhang W. , Messiaen A. , Helou W. , Bobkov V. , Lamalle P. , Pitts R.A. , Tierens W.
Published: January 2023

Midplane gas puffing close to the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) antennae has been demonstrated to be robust in improving ICRF power coupling in current tokamaks. It is also shown in a previous study (Zhang 2019 Nucl. Mater. Energy
19 364–71) that in ITER, midplane gas puffing with a puff rate of ∼4.5 × 1022 electrons s−1 can increase the antenna loading/coupling resistance by about a factor of two. In this paper, a comprehensive parametric study has been carried out to characterize the influence of midplane gas puffing on ICRF power coupling in additional and broader range of parameter scans. The new parameter scans include the gas puff rate, the poloidal location of the gas pipe orifices (GPOs), the separatrix density, the particle perpendicular diffusion coefficient, the radial distance between the plasma and antenna as well as the antenna phasing. The 3D edge plasma fluid and neutral transport code EMC3-EIRENE code has been used to simulate the 3D distributions of plasma density in the presence of gas puffing, which are then used in the antenna code ANTITER II to calculate the antenna coupling. The simulation results indicate that the ITER ICRF local midplane gas injection layout (with the GPOs located on one side of each antenna port) increases the ICRF power coupling significantly in all studied plasma scenarios and antenna parameters. We are hence confident that the chosen layout for the ICRF local gas injection on ITER is appropriate. We are also confident that the ITER local gas injection will allow boosting the ICRF coupling with all studied plasma conditions and antenna phasings.