bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Strategi Pemerkasaan Asnaf Fakir dan Miskin Berdasarkan Hadis Lelaki Ansar
Authors: Abdullah Thaidi Hussein ‘Azeemi , Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Ab Rahman Azman
Published: December 2020

Islam emphasizes on the empowerment of the poor and needy. This empowerment initiative can be seen since the time of the Prophet SAW where effective management and the growth of waqf, zakah and charity were optimised. This peak of excellence can be witnessed in the reign of ʿUmar bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz where the initiative of strengthening the impoverished population was so effective in a way that it was difficult to find the poor who were eligible for zakat. This achievement is different from the reality of Muslims nowadays. Survey from the United Nations indicates that a large number of Muslim countries are classified as 'poverty' or 'extreme poverty'. Therefore, this study aims to study the method used by the Prophet to address the poverty problem. The Hadith of impoverished man from Anṣār narrated by Anas bin Mālik was chosen because it was believed to contain comprehensive strategies for empowering the poor. Inductive and deductive research techniques are used consistently. The results show that there are at least seven empowerment strategies that can be extracted from this hadith. It includes satisfying basic needs, outreach and accessibility, screening process, financial intermediary, cash liquidity, technical support as well as education and awareness. These strategies have the potential to be implemented by agencies involved in empowering the poor in order to initiate greater social impacts.

Abstrak

Islam amat menekankan soal pemerkasaan populasi fakir dan miskin. Usaha pemerkasaan ini dapat dilihat sejak dari zaman Nabi SAW di mana pengurusan berkesan dan pemesatan harta wakaf, zakat dan sedekah berlaku dengan optimum. Kemuncak kecemerlangan ini dapat dilihat pada era pemerintahan ʿUmar bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz di mana inisiatif pemerkasaan populasi miskin dilakukan dengan begitu efektif hinggakan amat sukar untuk menjumpakan golongan asnaf atau miskin yang layak menerima zakat. Pencapaian tersebut berbeza dengan realiti umat Islam hari ini. Dapatan kajian dari Pertubuhan Bangsa Bangsa Bersatu mendapati sejumlah besar negara-negara Islam dikelaskan sebagai berpopulasi ‘miskin’ atau ‘miskin tegar’. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode yang digunakan oleh Nabi SAW dalam manyantuni golongan miskin. Hadis lelaki miskin Anṣār yang diriwayatkan oleh Anas bin Mālik telah dipilih kerana dipercayai mengandungi strategi yang komprehensif untuk memperkasakan golongan miskin. Kaedah penyelidikan secara induktif dan deduktif digunakan secara konsisten. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat sekurang-kurangnya tujuh strategi pemerkasaan yang dapat diekstrak dari hadis ini. Ia merangkumi penyelesaian keperluan asas, capaian dan akses mudah, proses tapisan kemampuan, perantara kewangan, kecairan tunai, sokongan teknikal serta pendidikan dan kesedaran. Strategi-strategi ini amat berpotensi untuk dilaksanakan oleh agensi yang terlibat dengan pemerkasaan populasi miskin agar inisiatif yang dijalankan mampu memberi impak sosial yang lebih berkesan.
Elemen Kehidupan Wajar dalam Islam
Authors: Abdul Jalil Nur Syahidah
Published: December 2020

The Living Wage concept, which exceeds the minimum subsistence is one of the ways to reduce national poverty incident. This concept promotes a meaningful life while receiving better pays. This paper examines the relationship between poverty and descent life. In addition, this paper also looks at the elements in decent life based on various nations’ definition on the living wage concept. Islamic perspective from socioeconomic context has also been discussed in this article. Living with dignity, meaningful interactions and family development are among other key elements in a decent life concept. A descent life enables people to live a meaningful life and to contribute more for a better world.

ABSTRAK

Konsep Gaji Kehidupan Wajar (The Living Wage) yang melebihi saraan minimum adalah salah satu kaedah untuk mengurang insiden kemiskinan nasional. Selain itu, ia dilihat menyumbang kepada kehidupan manusia yang lebih bermakna di samping menerima upah atau gaji yang lebih baik. Makalah ini memperihal tentang hubung kait kemiskinan dengan kehidupan wajar. Selain itu juga makalah ini melihat elemen yang terkandung dalam konsep kehidupan wajar melalui pemerhatian tentang konsep ‘gaji kehidupan wajar’ dari pelbagai negara. Makalah ini juga melihat daripada perspektif Islam tentang kehidupan wajar dari sudut sosioekonomi. Didapati bahawa antara elemen utama kepada kerangka kehidupan wajar ialah tentang hidup bermaruah, interaksi bermakna dan pembangunan keluarga. Kehidupan wajar membolehkan manusia hidup dengan bermakna dan saling memberi manfaat kepada alam sejagat.
Wakaf Sukuk – Pembangunan Aset Wakaf Melalui Sukuk Berdasarkan Konsep Istibdal
Authors: Zakaria Mohamad Zaharuddin , Salleh Ahmad Zaki , Hasbullah Mushaddad , Ismail Abdul Manan , Abdul Majid Mohd Nasir , Mohd Dali Nuradli Ridzwan Shah , Ab Jalil Mohd Afiq
Published: December 2020

Islamic Bond or widely known as Sukuk has been succesfully implemented at international level and contribute a lot in economics development. The objective of this reasearch is the identify the potential of Sukuk as an instrument of investment of waqf assets. This research has been conducted by using qualitative methods which the informations were extracted from the primary and secondary data. This research has identified that there are lot of underutilized waqf land and assets and the number is increasing day by day. Therefore, the specific initiative must be conducted in order to utilized these waqf assets and gain a sufficient returns from the waqf assets utilization to boost and strengthen the economics nationwide.

ABSTRAK

Bon Islamik atau lebih dikenali sebagai al-Sukuk, telah mencapai kejayaan dalam perlaksanaannya diperingkat antarabangsa, di mana ia telah menyumbang kepada pembangunan dan perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat. Objektif kajian ini dilakukan adalah bagi melihat potensi instrumen ini sebagai salah satu metode pelaburan untuk tanah atau harta wakaf. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan memperoleh maklumat dari data-data primer dan sekunder. Kajian mendapati bahawa jumlah tanah wakaf yang tidak diusahakan meningkat dari hari ke hari. Justeru, Usaha harus dilakukan untuk menjadikan tanah wakaf ini sebagai aset yang memberi pulangan sekaligus dalam membantu meningkatkan dan mengukuhkan ekonomi umat Islam.
Istibdal Harta Wakaf: Kajian Ringkas Terhadap Peranan dalam Mengembangkan Produk Wakaf
Authors: Hasbullah Mushaddad , Yusoff Sofia Hayati , Zakaria Mohamad Zaharuddin
Published: December 2020

Waqf property needs to be maintained to ensure its benefits are sustainable. Nevertheless, not all properties can remain forever. Some properties such as vehicles and electrical goods have certain lifespan. It will suffer damage and destruction. Some are not productive. Hence, in order to ensure the sustainability of waqf property, the fuqaha view that the property has been damaged or destroyed should be exchanged with the same property to retain the benefits of waqf property. The process is called as Istibdal. It is the final solution to the waqif to ensure the benefits of waqf property continue to be enjoyed by beneficiaries. The question is, whether the property can be dedicated solely for the purpose of expanding the wealth of waqf property? This paper will look at the extent to which the istibdal process can be done on the waqf property. The views of the fuqaha will be analyzed to achieve the best resolution for the sustainability of waqf assets. As a result, istibdal on waqf property can be done in various ways in order to safeguard and guarantee the benefits of waqf.

ABSTRAK

Harta wakaf perlu dipelihara demi memastikan manfaatnya berkekalan. Namun begitu, tidak semua harta yang diwakafkan boleh kekal selamanya. Sesetengah harta seperti kenderaan dan barangan elektrik mempunyai jangka hayat tertentu. Ia akan mengalami kerosakan dan kemusnahan. Sesetengahnya tidak produktif. Justeru, demi memastikan kelestarian harta wakaf, para fuqaha berpandangan harta yang telah rosak atau musnah perlu ditukar dengan harta yang seumpamanya untuk mengekalkan manfaat harta wakaf.  Proses tersebut dinamakan Istibdal. Ia adalah penyelesaian terakhir kepada pewakaf demi memastikan manfaat harta wakaf terus dinikmati oleh penerima manfaat. Persoalannya, adakah harta tersebut boleh diistibdal semata-mata untuk tujuan mengembangkan lagi kekayaan harta wakaf? Kertas ini akan melihat sejauh mana proses istibdal boleh dilakukan terhadap harta wakaf. Pandangan-pandangan fuqaha akan dianalisa untuk mencapai resolusi terbaik demi kelestarian harta wakaf. Natijahnya, istibdal pada harta wakaf boleh dilakukan dengan pelbagai cara demi menjaga dan menjamin kemaslahatan harta wakaf.
Concept of Valid Contract Declaration of Waqf Property in Islamic Law
Authors: Ghazali N.A. , Sipan I , Abas F.N , Fauziah Raji , Mohammad M.T.S.H
Published: December 2020

Waqf plays an important role in improving public welfare in whole Islamic Countries. Therefore, waqf shall be conserved and permanently protected to keep its benefits for the public at all times. In order to develop the waqf property, it should be administered properly. Recognition of ownership on the property by effective contract of declaration is essential. Therefore, this paper focuses on the Islamic Law’s perspective regarding effective contract on a binding and valid declaration of waqf property in accordance to Islamic Law and other subsidiary sources as well as academic opinions. This paper also includes formalities of legally binding contract of waqf (waqafiah) on parties, formulated by earliest Muslim jurists. In addition, the detailed discussions on documents of waqf evidencing contractual transactions needed for registration of waqf property are included. The elements of valid and binding declaration of waqf or deeds discussed too. The approach adopted is ‘Content Analyses’.
شروط الواقف في دولة ماليزيا: دراسة تحليلية في ضوء مقاصد الوقف
Authors: Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Abdullah Thaidi Hussein 'Azeemi , Ab Rahman Azman , Ab Rahim Siti Farahiyah
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to critically examine the legal provisions relating to the terms set forth by the waqif (donor) in the waqf enactments in Malaysia and the extent to which the waqif could possibly set terms and conditions of the waqf. These terms could include the selection of beneficiaries, stipulations governing the appointment of the mutawalli (waqf manager) and the distribution of waqf income. A qualitative methods have been employed to analyse the data through inductive, deductive  and comparative approaches. The findings show that there are avenues in waqf enactments in Malaysia to allow the provision any conditions provided that is consented by the Waqf Management. Thus, this paper recommends that the Waqf Corporations and Islamic Religious Councils in every states in Malaysia should revisit the existing rulings and legal framework of waqf  in order to harmonise these with the purposes of waqf for the benefit of waqif, waqf properties and beneficiaries.

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى دراسة المواد القانونية الشرعية المتعلقة بشروط الوقف في دولة ماليزيا، ومدى للواقف أن يشترط بأي شروط يشاء وبالكيفية التي يختارها والنظام الذي يتبع فيه من حيث الولاية عليه وتوزيع ريعه. وتعتمد هذه الدراسة على مناهج الثلاثة وهي المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج التحليلي والمنهج المقارن. ومن أهم النتائج من البحث أن تشريعات الوقف لدولة ماليزيا تجيز للواقف أن يشترط شروطا صحيحة،  ولكن يجب على الواقف أن يناقش مع ناظر أوقاف الولاية، والناظر سيقوم بتقييم تلك الممتلكات ومعرفة أنسب المناهج في تطوير تلك الأعيان مقدما. وتقترح هذه الورقة تشجيع هيئات الأوقاف لكل ولاية في ماليزيا على تقويم المواد القانونية المنصوصة في قانون الوقف الحالي حتى تتفق مع مقاصد الوقف لمصلحة الواقفين والموقوف عليهم والأموال الموقوفة.
Model Institusi Pendidikan Melalui Sinergi Dana Wakaf dan Zakat di Malaysia
Authors: Ab Rahman Azman , Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Abdullah Thaidi Hussein ‘Azeemi
Published: December 2020

Education is a main asset in the growing and development of a country. Various financial resources from the government and private agencies are provided to ensure that all Malaysians have the opportunity to obtain education and further their studies. Waqaf and zakat are one of the most important contributors in education. There have been many efforts undertaken by waqaf and zakat institutions in the development of education sector such as helping the B40 and underprivileged gorup. Therefore, this study will discuss the role of waqaf and zakat for educational institutions in the context of Malaysia. The study also will discuss the proposed educational institution model through the synergy of waqaf and zakat funds. This qualitative study uses the method of documentation. The findings suggest that the proposed establishment of a fully-funded educational institution using waqaf and zakat funds should be established for the sustainability of waqaf and zakat institutions as well as the ummah. The synergies between waqaf and zakat funds are believed to strenthen the management and development of the education sector in Malaysia including for those in need. It is hopeful that this study can be used as a guideline and reference to the authorities especially the State Islamic Religious Council, Centre for Waqaf, Waqaf Foundation, as well as NGOs which involved either directly or indirectly in the management of waqaf and zakat throughout Malaysia.

ABSTRAK

Pendidikan merupakan aset utama dalam kemajuan dan pembangunan sesebuah negara. Pelbagai sumber kewangan daripada pihak kerajaan dan swasta disediakan bagi memastikan semua rakyat Malaysia berpeluang mendapatkan pendidikan dan melanjutkan pelajaran. Wakaf dan zakat merupakan salah satu penyumbang terpenting dalam bidang pendidikan. Terdapat banyak usaha-usaha yang telah dilakukan oleh institusi wakaf dan zakat dalam pembangunan sektor Pendidikan termasuk membantu golongan B40 dan kurang bernasib baik. Justeru, kajian ini akan membincangkan peranan wakaf dan zakat bagi institusi pendidikan dalam konteks Malaysia. Kajian ini juga akan membincangkan cadangan model institusi pendidikan melalui sinergi dana wakaf dan zakat. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa cadangan penubuhan institusi pendidikan yang dibiayai sepenuhnya menggunakan dana wakaf dan zakat wajar ditubuhkan bagi kelestarian institusi wakaf dan zakat serta ummah. Sinergi antara dana wakaf dan zakat diyakini dapat memperkasakan pengurusan dan pembangunan sektor pendidikan di Malaysia termasuk golongan yang memerlukan. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat dijadikan panduan dan rujukan kepada pihak berwajib khususnya Majlis Agama Islam Negeri, Pusat Wakaf, Yayasan Wakaf, NGO-NGO yang terlibat sama ada secara langsung atau tidak langsung dalam pengurusan wakaf dan zakat di seluruh Malaysia.
Isu Pendaftaran Tanah Wakaf dalam Kanun Tanah Negara (KTN) 1965: Satu Kajian Menurut Perspektif Islam
Authors: Ab Ghani Sayuti , Jalal Burhanuddin
Published: December 2020

The National Land Code 1965 is the country's main land law applicable to all types of land, including land waqf. This article illustrates that Islamic wakaf land can not be managed by the respective State Islamic Religious Council although the land is a property under the State government without reference to the NCL. Hence, the development and administration of waqf land in Malaysia is inseparable with certain provisions in National Land Code. This paper will focus on the aspects of registration and how far the provisions of the National Land Code are directly or indirectly involving waqf land. Therefore, this study will show the need to add to the provisions in the National Land Code applicable to the wakaf land registration.

ABSTRAK

Kanun Tanah Negara (KTN)1965 merupakan undang-undang tanah utama negara yang digunapakai di atas semua jenis tanah termasuk tanah wakaf. Perkara ini memberi gambaran bahawa tanah wakaf Islam tidak boleh diuruskan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri masing-masing walaupun tanah adalah hakmilik di bawah kerajaan Negeri tanpa merujuk kepada KTN. Justeru itu, pembangunan dan pentadbiran tanah wakaf di Malaysia tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan keterikatan dengan peruntukan-peruntukan tertentu dalam KTN. Kertas kerja ini akan memberi fokus kepada aspek pendaftaran dan sejauh manakah peruntukan-peruntukan KTN yang secara langsung atau tidak langsung yang melibatkan tanah wakaf. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan memperlihatkan perlunya penambahkan baikan terhadap peruntukan-peruntukan dalam KTN yang terpakai  ke atas pendaftaran tanah wakaf.
Penggunaan Sel Stem dalam Pengkulturan Daging: Analisis Menurut Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Hamdan Mohammad Naqib , Ramli Mohd Anuar , Ab Rahman Azman
Published: December 2020

Cultured meat is one of the latest innovations in food processing that are environmentally friendly, highly demanded and meeting market requirements. The meat is no longer produced organically through conventional means of livestock farming but it is harvested in laboratories and factories. In fact it benefits consumer. This study discusses the concept and history of cultured meat, the production and the techniques used in its production. In addition, the analysis of the Islamic ruling is carried out by assessing the current fatwas dealing with meat culture. To complete this study, qualitative methods were employed by referring to journals, books and fatwas. The results showed that cultured meat that derived from slaughtered cattle is Halal whereas the cultured meat using the source of stem cells from living cattle is not Halal. The process of culturing meat is also considered as alteration of God’s creation, and the source of stem cells will determine the Halal status of cultured meat.

ABSTRAK

Daging kultur adalah salah satu inovasi terbaru dalam penghasilan produk makanan yang bersifat mesra alam selain menerima permintaan tinggi serta memenuhi keperluan pasaran. Daging ini tidak lagi dihasilkan secara alami melalui penternakan di ladang, sebaliknya dihasilkan di makmal dan kilang. Bahkan daging kultur boleh mendatangkan manfaat yang banyak kepada pengguna. Kajian ini akan membincangkan konsep dan sejarah daging kultur, faktor penghasilan dan teknik yang digunakan dalam menghasilkan daging kultur. Di samping itu, analisis hukum dijalankan dengan menilai fatwa semasa berkaitan status daging kultur. Kajian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan merujuk kepada jurnal, buku dan fatwa semasa bagi melengkapkan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa daging kultur yang dihasilkan bersumberkan lembu yang disembelih adalah Halal dimakan manakala daging kultur yang menggunakan sumber sel stem dari lembu yang masih belum disembelih adalah tidak Halal dimakan. Proses pengkulturan daging juga berhubungkait dengan hukum pengubahan ciptaan Allah SWT di samping sumber stem sel akan menentukan hukum memakan daging kultur.
Roles of Spiritual Intelligence and Spiritual Congruence in Purchasing Halal Skin Care Products Among Adult Urban Muslim Career Woman
Authors: Hashim Azreen Jihan , Musa Rosidah , Nazri Muhamad Azrin , W Ab Rahman N Alia Fahada
Published: December 2020

Studies and interest on human behaviour in relation to halal industry have been increasing over the recent years. Drawing upon a social psychology theory, Theory Planned Behaviour (TPB) developed and congruity theory were employed as theoretical foundation for developing the present conceptual model. This paper initially conceptualises key psychological factors that could predict and explain purchaser’s attitude.  The data for this research were collected from 449 respondents among adult urban Muslim career woman in Klang Valley, user and nonuser via drop off and collect survey technique. This paper has a new insight and covered much deeper into the current knowledge of Halal skin care product by incorporating relevant constructs as the predictors of attitude such as, spiritual intelligence, spiritual congruence, product image and product involvement. Spiritual intelligence and spiritual congruence have a positive significant effect on attitude for users towards influence continue to purchase for users.
Peranan Wakaf Dalam Mendepani Pendemik Covid-19
Authors: Ab Rahman Muhammad Firdaus , Abdullah Thaidi Hussein Azeemi , Ab Rahman Azman , Ab Rahim Siti Farahiyah
Published: December 2020

Pendemik COVID-19 telah mencetuskan keadaan cemas dan mengusarkan di seluruh dunia serta ia memberi impak mendalam dalam aspek kesihatan, ekonomi dan sosial.  Cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh kerajaan Malaysia ialah dalam menyediakan Pelan Rancangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat agar dapat dimanfaatkan oleh setiap lapisan masyarakat. Persoalannya adakah hanya pihak kerajaan harus dipertanggungjawabkan dalam mendepani pendemik ini? Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai peranan wakaf dalam mendepani pendemik COVID-19 sebagai salah satu usaha bagi meringankan beban kerajaan Malaysia, serta mencadangkan kepelbagain jenis wakaf serta mekanisme pelaksanaanya dalam mendepani pendemik ini. Kaedah kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan metodologi kepustakaan untuk mengumpul data. Manakala penganalisisan data menggunakan kaedah deskriptif dan komparatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pengurusan tadbir urus wakaf berkesan tidak terhad kepada Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN) selaku nazir am, malah peranannya diperluaskan kepada masyarakat sebagai nazir khas mahupun mutawalli dalam perkongsian tanggungjawab serta kepakaran bagi mendepani cabaran pendemik serta isu-isu berkaitan kesihatan di Malaysia, khususnya dalam penjanaan dana serta memupuk semangat kerjasama dan sukarelawan di kalangan masyarakat.
THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF ATYPICAL WORKERS IN INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Wiryawan I Wayan Gde , Bunga Dewi
Published: December 2020

The Industry 4.0 or the Fourth Industrial Revolution has provided a paradigm shift towards the way of work. The emergence of millennial groups that avoid attachment, give birth to a new working relationship called atypical work. This type of employment relationship means that the employment relationship between the employer and the worker without the existence of a long-term work contract, the provision of additional facilities, salaries and pensions, or other benefits that are usually obtained by typical workers. The atypical worker relationship is outside the context of the employment relationship as referred to in Law No.13 of 2003 on Employment. This study discussed about 1) What is the position of employers and workers in atypical work relations? 2) What is the legal protection for atypical workers in the Industry 4.0 in the future? This research is a normative legal research that examines the void of norms regarding legal protection of atypical workers. The legal material in this study consists of primary and secondary legal materials. The legal materials are collected through literature study. The problem analysis is done qualitatively. The position of employers and workers in atypical work relations is equivalent based on agreements made between the parties. This condition requires a high literacy of rights and obligations in the employment field. The legal protection for atypical workers in the Industry 4.0 in the future is to provide economic, social and technical protection to the workforce.
تاريخ الأموال الزوجية المشتركة في إندونيسيا وتقنينه
Authors: Awiety Jomana , Riyadi Abdul Kadir
Published: December 2020

تُعد مسألة الملكية الزوجية المشتركة مسألة شائكة خصوصاً في المجتمعات التي تساهم فيها الزوجة مع الزوج في الإنفاق على المنزل. ويزداد الأمر تعقيداً حال الطلاق أو اقتسام التركة بعد الوفاة؛ اذ يصعب معرفة نسبة مشاركتها من نسبة الزوج. إن الملكية الزوجية الإندونيسية هي أعراف لجنوب شرق آسيا في إطار إسلامي، حيث يستعرض الباحثان هذه الأعراف من خلال توزيعها وتنوعها وتطورها تاريخياً، لتدمج في عرف واحد وهو العرف الجاوي الذي قُنِنَ وعُمل به في كافة المحاكم الإسلامية. اكتشف الباحثان أن مفهوم إن مفهوم الزواج في أغلب الأعراف الإندونيسية قائم على مبدأ الملكية الزوجية المشتركة، ويستعرض الباحثان في هذه الدراسة عملية تطور الملكية الزوجية المشتركة من عرف لقانون باتباع المنهج التاريخي المقارن، حيث واجه هذا التطور مقاومة قليلة نسبياً من السلطات الإسلامية، ومن خلال مقارنة الإنتاج الاقتصادي المنزلي بالشركة التجارية، تمكن الفقهاء الإندونيسيون من تبني مبدأ الملكية الزوجية المشتركة من خلال تكييفه كشركة، وبذلك وفّقوا بين التشريعات الإسلامية ومتطلبات العصر والعرف، وبهذا اعترف جمع الأحكام الإسلامي الإندونيسي KHI بمبدأ الملكية الزوجية المشتركة، التي تتألف مما اكتسبه الزوجان خلال الزوجية، باستبعاد ممتلكاتهما قبل الزواج أو ما تحصلا عليه بعد الزواج كهدية أو ميراث أو وصية
Of Great Men and Eurovision Songs: Studying the Finnish Audio-Visual Heritage through NER-based Analysis on Metadata
Authors: Kannisto Maiju , Kauppinen Pekka
Published: December 2020

The chapter focuses on the Finnish public service broadcasting company Yle (former Yleisradio), which was founded in 1926 and on the possible uses by digital historians of its online archive. The dataset used in the research are non-traditional in that it consists of Yle’s archival metadata. This digital material is analysed as a historical source material using the method of Named Entity Recognition (NER) as it is implemented in the digital tool the Finnish rule-based named-entity recogniser (FiNER). This chapter explores how a canon of salient Finnish events and persons is built up in the national audio-visual archive in the digital age. The authors suggest that the cultural contextualising and close reading of the themes pointed out by the results of NER-based analysis still play an important role in the analytical process as the metadata material, as well as the digital tool, has its limitations.
Tracing the Emergence of Nordic Allemansrätten through Digitised Parliamentary Sources
Authors: La Mela Matti
Published: December 2020

The chapter studies the tradition of allemansrätten, a right of public access to nature, in recently digitized documents of the Finnish Parliament (1907-2000) using text mining methods. Allemansrätten is a well-known and much used principle in the Nordic countries, yet, its history is little researched. This study use collocation analysis and topic modelling to explore the historical trajectory of the term in Finland. It shows how ‘allemansrätt’ appeared in the 1940s as part of a temporary everyman’s fishing rights and while the current meaning is found in the 1960s it came to be commonly employed in outdoor recreation debates in the early 1970s, somewhat later than previously thought. Furthermore, a significant shift is discovered from allemansrätten’s use in access right debates to being marked as a national symbol in the 1990s. Although the OCR quality of the digitised parliamentary documents is proven to be very good, they lack in metadata which would improve their usability; thus digital historians should actively participate in the development of such key historical corpora.
Picturing the Politics of Resistance: Using Image Metadata and Historical Network Analysis to Map the East German Opposition Movement, 1975–1990
Authors: Conroy Melanie , Elo Kimmo
Published: December 2020

This chapter uses network analysis to explore, visualise and analyse quantitative historical data related to political resistance movements in the former East Germany. The study applies historical network analysis (HNA) rooted in social network analysis (SNA) to shed light on the structure and dynamics of the geospatial social networks of a sample group within the East German opposition movement between 1975 and 1990. In particular the opportunities and limits of using network analysis for historical studies are discussed which demonstrates how network graphs can be useful for historical analysis. The network analysis is used to help the researcher to identify which individuals are more likely to be well integrated into the group and which individuals are less central to the group, regardless of which individuals are most well-known or prominent. In particular, we point to the fact that knowledge of the government’s repressive actions and the opposition movement’s attempts to evade repression are fundamental to understanding the geospatial and social changes within this group during this period.
The Long Road to ‘Digital History’: History of Computer-Assisted Research of the Past in Finland since the 1960s
Authors: Paju Petri
Published: December 2020

To understand better the present shape and evolution of the digital history, this chapter examines how historians have used computers and information technology since the 1960s. Focusing on historians from Finland, the chapter starts from the late 1960s when a few younger historians first explored using the computer to perform statistical calculations. In the 1970s and the 1980s, the computers and data available were most useful and used for historical research designs applying quantitative methods. Historians carrying out qualitative research grew interested in IT when the personal computers became more user-friendly and affordable towards and especially during the 1990s. In the following decade, the internet, the World Wide Web, and digitized source materials effected all historians’ research practices directly or indirectly. Nevertheless, digital or computational history introduced in the mid-2010s took the use of IT further. These new methods were first embraced by a fraction of those historians who had previously focused on quantitative work based on textual materials. A central conclusion is that historians should pay more attention to the technologies they use to take better control of the challenges and opportunities of their changing research environment.
Digital History 1.5: A Middle Way between Normal and Paradigmatic Digital Historical Research
Authors: Fridlund Mats
Published: December 2020

This chapter analyses the impact of digital technology on historical research by identifying some of the critical methodological strands of the new computational digital history using Thomas Kuhn’s research on scientific revolutions. Digital methodologies have been described as posing a potential paradigm shift for historical research. Following Kuhn, the chapter describes the two ideal type responses within history to the challenges of the new computational digital history, where the disruptive digital methodologies are either being domesticated into traditional ‘normal science’ history as ‘digital history 1.0’, or a second revolutionary route where historical practice is radically disciplined into a paradigmatic ‘digital history 2.0’. As an alternative methodological middle way the study outlines ‘digital history 1.5’. This description combines a summary of digital practices already appropriated by most historical researchers with some of the new digital history’s central methodological elements as well as propose conceptualizations of emerging new mixed digital history practices such as search methodologies, digital source and resource criticisms.
Episodic Hematuria in a Young Boy - Do Not Miss Familial Idiopathic Hypercalciuria
Authors: Rathore Vinay
Published: December 2020

Familial hypercalcemia is an important cause of episodic hematuria in children and can lead to nephrolithiasis if untreated. Elucidation of proper family history and screening of family members can help in clinching the diagnosis. An 8-year-old boy presented with episodic painless hematuria for 3 years, with a history of small renal stones in parents, which was managed conservatively. Ultrasound showed concretions in the renal pelvis, and urinalysis revealed hypercalciuria in the absence of renal tubular acidosis in index case as well as parents. He was started on thiazides, oral citrate supplementation, and adequate hydration, following which he became asymptomatic.
Surgical Management of Impacted Mandibular Second Premolar: A Short Case Report
Authors: Vadane Ashvini Kishor
Published: December 2020

In some conditions, teeth are prevented from eruption due to any physical barrier in their path of eruption; those teeth are known as “Impacted teeth”. This article reports a case of mandibular impacted second premolar, which was successfully managed by the surgical extraction in our institute.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Concerns for Paediatric Anaesthesiologist
Authors: Kumar Gyanendra
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by novel coronavirus, now called severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2. World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this outbreak as a “Public health emergency of international concern” (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020. WHO subsequently declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020.
Postgraduate Strategic in Economic Subjects for Health Educational Managers
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: December 2020

Health institutions are administration centers where the taking decisions process plays a very important role. The health educational manager must afford several dares across the teaching, the research and the manager at same time. The health educational manager capacitating in economy subjects don´t means that they will become in professional from the Economy Sciences. However, this capacitating process must provide useful tools for an effective management.
Visitação domiciliária em contexto COVID19: narrativa
Authors: Silva Rui Pedro
Published: December 2020

O contexto COVID19 acarretou alterações significativas no modo de funcionamento das unidades prestadoras de cuidados de saúde, com a visitação domiciliária a sofrer um impacto particularmente relevante. Este artigo descreve, com perspetiva em primeira pessoa, parte de um dia de trabalho de um enfermeiro que presta cuidados em regime de visitação domiciliária em contexto COVID19. Ao fazê-lo, aborda os procedimentos, pensamentos e sentimentos do enfermeiro, evidenciando a experiência real de prestar cuidados ao domicílio durante a pandemia. Palavras-chave: COVID19; EPI; relato de experiência; visitação domiciliária
Elaboração de um procedimento de gestão de EPI na visitação domiciliária em contexto covid19
Authors: Silva Rui Pedro , Sepulveda José Luís , Costa Michel , Marina Carla , Carneiro Eliana , Fernandes Daniela
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de elaboração, pela equipa da Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade Vallis Longus, de um procedimento de gestão de Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI) na visitação domiciliária (VD) em contexto COVID19. Método: A elaboração do procedimento de gestão de EPI no contexto de VD seguiu sequencialmente as seguintes fases: a) revisão da literatura disponível; b) discussão em equipa da exequibilidade do indagado no ponto anterior; c) elaboração teórica do procedimento; d) teste prático do procedimento; e) elaboração da versão final do procedimento; f) elaboração de um vídeo demonstrativo do procedimento. Resultados e discussão: A elaboração do procedimento de gestão de EPI no contexto de VD implica a aferição da exequibilidade do mesmo, quer ao nível dos recursos materiais necessários, quer ao nível da utilização do procedimento no contexto real de prestação de cuidados domiciliários. As fases descritas permitiram ajustar o descrito na literatura, de forma a que fosse totalmente implementável na organização diária da unidade e, consequentemente, na prestação direta de cuidados. A elaboração de um vídeo facilitou as ações formativas ligadas ao procedimento, as quais adquiriram maioritariamente cariz virtual em função da pandemia COVID19. Conclusão: O contexto pandémico COVID19 criou a necessidade de rever os procedimentos de gestão de EPI inerente à VD de forma a evitar a propagação da infeção. A elaboração, em sede de discussão em equipa, de um procedimento baseado na conjugação entre a literatura e a exequibilidade prática da sua implementação permitiu operacionalizar um modelo eficaz e sustentável de gestão de EPI. Palavras-chave: COVID19; EPI; procedimento; visitação domiciliária
CONCEPTUAL SUBITIZING AND PRESCHOOL CLASS CHILDREN’S LEARNING OF THE PART-PART-WHOLE RELATIONS OF NUMBER
Authors: Wästerlid Catarina Anna
Published: December 2020

Few research studies within the field of mathematics education have focused on the ability to recognize quantities quickly and accurately without counting (i.e. subitizing). The aim of this research was to empirically explore the role of conceptual subitizing activities for enhancing preschool class children’s learning of the part-part- whole relations of number. 24 children (aged 6-7) and two teachers participated in the intervention. Due to ethical issues, data were only collected from 18 of the children. The design was a collaborative and iterative intervention, employing a mixed-method approach. Data consisted of pre-and post-test, teacher observation notes and teacher responses to questions about the children’s learning. Both the quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that conceptual subitizing activities supported children’s knowledge development regarding part-part-whole relations of number. At the group level, the children´s results between pre-and post-test showed an increase of 18.1 percent units and more than half of the children showed conceptual subitizing abilities in a qualitatively more developed way after having participated in the intervention. The result indicated that conceptual subitizing activities might enhance preschool class children’s understanding of the part-part-whole relations of number. The results however also elucidated that not all children improved their understanding of the part-part -whole relations of number. Future research should therefore consider individual differences when developing and carrying out interventions. Keywords: collaborative intervention, conceptual subitizing, part-part-whole relations of numbers, preschool class children
Cure dialitiche domiciliari. Una frontiera da raggiungere, senza trascurare le criticità
Authors: Vanacore Giuseppe , Santoro Antonio
Published: December 2020

The National Plan of Chronicity, approved by the Italian State-Regions Conference, refers to the topic of home care, specifying how the fundamental objective of chronic care systems is to keep the sick person at home as much as possible. Currently, home dialysis – both peritoneal and haemodialysis – uses high-quality safe technology systems and allows patients to perform therapy safely at home. ANED wishes to stress that the choice of dialysis treatment, which certainly depends on clinical evaluations, must at the same time consider the psychological and emotional aspects of the patient, the expectations and needs of his life and the social context, aiming at an increasingly personalized and sustainable therapy for patients and the healthcare system.
Reanatomization of conoid teeth in a patient with epilepsy: a case report
Authors: Aragão Amanda Caneiro , Pepino Júlia Cocchiarale , Barbosa Isabel Ferreira , Câmara João Victor Frazão , Campos Paulo Ricardo Barros de , Castro Glória Fernanda Barbosa de Araújo
Published: December 2020

The conoid teeth are anomalies of size and shape changing the harmony of smile, may affect self-esteem of the patients. The aim of this case report was describe a reanatomization of conoid teeth in a patient with epilepsy and mental deficit. A sixteen- years-old boy presented to Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, the with chief complaint of poor dental aesthetic due to small teeth. During the anamnesis, the upper lateral incisors showed reduced size and conoid shape, diastemas and harmful smile harmony. Therefore, the clinical conduct was performed with the aim of restore the self-esteem and allows a harmonic smile, by means of reshape with indirect composite resin.
Componentes fitoquímicos e evidências da eficácia antibacteriana dos extratos da folha de Terminalia catappa contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Silva Débora Cosse , Sousa Wmairete Pereira Evangelista de , Costa Débora de Alencar Franco
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi listar os componentes fitoquímicos descritos na literatura de diferentes extratos das folhas de Terminalia catappa, descrevendo os que possuem efeito antibacteriano, bem como avaliar evidências da eficácia de sua atividade antibacteriana contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa e a pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE-Pubmed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico com os descritores Terminalia catappa, Composição fitoquímica e Staphylococcus aureus. Selecionou-se um total de 9 artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2020, com texto completo e linguagem em português e inglês. Os resultados mostram que os componentes fitoquímicos como taninos, flavonóides, triterpenos, fenóis e alcalóides foram os mais encontrados nos diferentes extratos das folhas de T. catappa. Esses componentes são responsáveis por uma série de efeitos terapêuticos, em especial o efeito antibacteriano, que é detectado em taninos, flavonóides, saponinas e alcalóides. Além disso, verificou-se uma eficácia significativa em relação à atividade antibacteriana dos extratos das folhas de T. catappa contra cepas de S. aureus (ATCC 25923) e S. aureus resistente à meticilina – MRSA (343602). Diante disso, conclui-se que as folhas de T. catappa têm um grande potencial para serem usadas no tratamento de doenças infecciosas causadas por S. aureus.
Estudo da influência do resíduo de cerâmica vermelha, como substituinte parcial ao aglomerante ou ao agregado, em argamassas mistas para revestimento
Authors: Pinz Francielli Priebbernow , Paliga Charlei Marcelo , Torres Ariela da Silva
Published: December 2020

Com o objetivo de promover uma rede global de desenvolvimento econômico sustentável para países em desenvolvimento, diversos países elaboraram um documento com diretrizes diretas para um desenvolvimento industrial mais sustentável durante a Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente e o Desenvolvimento em 1992, com destaque a redução de resíduos e a reutilização de subprodutos. Sendo as indústrias produtoras de materiais cerâmicos um ramo importante da cadeia produtiva da construção civil, a mesma também destaca-se por se uma grande geradora de resíduos, os chamados resíduos de cerâmica vermelha (RCV). Buscando-se uma destinação mais sustentável desses subprodutos, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar algumas possibilidades de utilização do RCV, proveniente da fabricação de tijolos de vedação, como substituinte ao agregado miúdo ou ao aglomerante, em argamassas mistas de traços 1:2:8 e 1:2:9. A aplicação foi avaliada quanto ao desempenho mecânico e físico das argamassas, com teores de 5% e 10% de substituição do cimento pelo RCV, e 10%, 15% e 20% de substituição do agregado. Os desempenhos das argamassas 1:2:8 se mostraram superiores aos traços 1:2:9 tanto mecanicamente quanto em relação à absorção por capilaridade. Fato diferente ocorreu quanto testada a absorção por imersão e índice de vazios, onde os dois traços tiveram comportamentos semelhantes. As substituições no agregado afetaram mais as argamassas mecanicamente em comparação com a substituição no aglomerante, dada a maior porosidade do RCV. Já as substituições no aglomerante fizeram com que as argamassas apresentassem desempenhos mais próximos dos traços referência.
Avaliação do uso da educação a distância e do ensino remoto no ensino médio nos Institutos Federais da região sudeste antes e durante a pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Bertonha Cândice Mara , Bittencourt Márcia Teixeira , Guanãbens Patrícia Ferreira Santos
Published: December 2020

A educação a distância (EaD) possui vantagens, como flexibilidade ao acesso a informação e desenvolvimento de habilidades. Com a pandemia por Covid-19 e a suspensão das aulas presenciais, as instituições necessitaram utilizar o ensino remoto (ER), semelhante a EaD, porém, sem o mesmo planejamento. Desta forma, objetivou-se investigar o uso da EaD e do ER no ensino médio nos Institutos Federais (IFs) da região Sudeste, antes e durante a pandemia por Covid-19. Para isso, elaborou-se questionário objetivo na plataforma Google Forms, enviado por e-mail aos 141 IFs da região Sudeste. Constatou-se que a EaD era  pouco adotada no ensino médio (17,8%) das instituições avaliadas e que o ER foi adotado em 97,8% dos IFs estudados, com o uso mais frequente da plataforma Moodle (52,2%). Verificou-se que 76,1% dos docentes não possuíam conhecimento prévio com plataformas digitais, mas que treinamento durante a pandemia foi oferecido em 91,1% das instituições estudadas. De uma maneira geral, 44% dos IFs avaliados responderam que a maioria dos alunos (80 a 100%) possui acesso à internet pelo menos pelo celular e que apenas uma parcela destes indivíduos acessam as atividades exclusivamente pelo celular. Conclui-se que a EaD era pouco utilizada no ensino médio e com pouca capacitação dos docentes antes da atual pandemia e, com a suspensão das aulas, os IFs adotaram o ER, após capacitação dos docentes. Ainda há poucas informações sobre o sucesso das modalidades, causando dúvidas sobre o uso futuro no ensino médio, mas sabe-se que é necessário maior aprendizado na área.
Algumas contribuições de Ildeu Coêlho à formação de professores
Authors: Ávila Eloisa Aparecida da Silva , Ávila Milton Pereira de , Vaz Duelci Aparecido de Freitas
Published: December 2020

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca do processo de formação de professores na concepção de Ildeu Coêlho. Abordar sobre a formação de professores é relevante, pois, na existência da vida coletiva, nas ideias e nas práticas pedagógicas do educador, deve estar imbricada a busca pela igualdade e justiça social. Para este fim, realizamos uma revisão de literatura e pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os manuscritos de Ildeu Coêlho para analisar os principais conceitos que constituem sua produção intelectual. Desse modo, discutimos a historicidade e contraditoriedade da formação de professores, bem como o processo formativo de professores na promoção da autonomia à luz do pensamento de Ildeu Coêlho. Os resultados alcançados por esta pesquisa revelam que para uma problemática tão complexa, seria impossível apresentar propostas de soluções simplistas ou até mesmo conclusões fechadas. Portanto, reafirmamos a necessidade de refletir filosoficamente, considerando as possibilidades e contradições existentes no processo de formação de professores, uma vez que percebemos um empobrecimento da compreensão de educação, escola, formação cultural e humana, nos últimos tempos. Portanto, é preciso persistir na busca por novos conceitos e práticas educacionais, de ensino, aprendizagem e de formação de professores, que estejam alinhados à humanização de todos os seres humanos, empenhados na promoção da verdade, igualdade e justiça.
Os desafios na formação de profissionais de educação em época de pandemia
Authors: Moreira Priscilla Barbosa de Araújo , Santos Lucas Fernandes dos , Souza Wana Maria de , Quezado José Anderson Tavares , Pinheiro Adriana de Alencar Gomes , Queiroz Zuleide Fernandes de
Published: December 2020

Desde o início do ano de 2020, o Brasil e o mundo têm enfrentado uma crise sanitária advinda do surgimento e propagação do COVID-19. Como medida de emergência de combate à doença em questão, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), recomendou o distanciamento social. No entanto, essa medida é, notadamente, incompatível com o sistema educacional atual. Diante disso, se fez necessária a busca por meios e tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação, de modo a garantir uma educação de qualidade, bem como maior capacitação do corpo docente para lidar com a nova realidade. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar os desafios na formação de profissionais de educação em época de pandemia, de modo a explanar as atuais condições da formação docente e suas adaptações, bem como os desafios no contexto escolar frente à política de distanciamento social. A metodologia utilizada foi de característica descritiva, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, em que foram analisados artigos, dissertações e teses relacionados à formação de profissionais, a educação e o ensino-aprendizagem, bem como os respectivos desafios oriundos do ensino remoto. O estudo elencou as dificuldades e desafios perante o ensino remoto, sendo estes oriundos da ausência de formação específica para professores, a consciência social, bem como o precário e defasado acesso da comunidade escolar a recursos tecnológicos.