bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODERNIZATION OF DEMONSTRATION PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT AS A MEANS OF FORMATION OF DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF LEARNERS AND STUDENTS
Authors:   Lesia Ukrainka Eastern European National University, Martyniuk Alexander , Martyniuk Oleksandr ,   Lesia Ukrainka Eastern European National University
Published: December 2021

The conditions and initiatives for the formation of digital competence, which are part of the reform of Ukrainian education, are analyzed. The possibilities of digital laboratory complexes as an effective tool for the formation of digital competence of students and pupils are identified. It is emphasized that the cost of such equipment is quite high, so the actual and effective alternative is to upgrade existing laboratory equipment with modern digital software and hardware components. The analysis of researches of domestic and foreign scientists is carried out, which gives grounds to assert that the problems of formation of digital competence can be formed, in particular in the process of modernization and use of the updated educational experiment in physics. The problems of effective methods of updating the educational physical experiment and its promotion of the development of information and digital competence of students and pupils are clarified. A modernized experimental setup for studying pendulum oscillations is described. The main characteristics and features of equipment manufacturing are considered, in particular the use of Arduino platform, means of microelectronic circuitry and three - dimensional prototyping. Practical recommendations for the use of the complex in a training experiment in physics are offered. The approbation of the complex in the educational process and research work was carried out, which confirmed the effectiveness of the use of modernized equipment as a tool for the formation of information and digital competence of pupils and students.
THE MODEL OF THE FUTURE TEACHER PREPARATION FOR EXTRACUIIICULAR WORK IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors:   Cherkasy Bohdan Khmelnytskiy National University, Bondar Victoria
Published: December 2021

The article presents a model of preparing a future teacher for extracurricular work in primary school. The views of modern scientists on the content and structure of the concept “model” are studied. The structural components of the author's model are described, which includes target guidelines (goals and objectives), conceptual principles (methodological approaches and principles), content and procedural components (pedagogical conditions, forms, methods, tools) of training, as well as the expected results of the research process. Conceptual-semantic, procedural-activity, reflexive-productive components are briefly characterized; methodological approaches and corresponding principles, components of readiness of future primary school teachers and types of preparation of students for extracurricular work are determined.
THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY RELATIONS ON THE PERSON'S PERSONALITY
Authors:   Lutsk pedagogical college, Kozigora Maria , Zamelyuk Maria ,   Lutsk pedagogical college, Oksenchuk Tatyana ,   Lutsk pedagogical college
Published: December 2021

The article considers the main aspects of the influence of family relations on the development of personality, in particular, the younger student. Raising children is the most important area of our lives. Our children are future citizens of our country and citizens of the world. They will make history. Our children are future parents, they will also be the educators of their children. They must grow up to be wonderful citizens, good fathers and mothers. But that's not all: our children are our old age. Proper upbringing is our happy old age, bad upbringing is our future grief, it is our tears, it is our guilt before other people, before society. There are dozens, hundreds of professions, specialties, jobs: one builds a railway, another builds a house, a third grows bread, a fourth treats people, a fifth sews clothes. But there is the most universal, most complex and noble work, unique for all and at the same time original and unique in each family - it is a work of man. A distinctive feature of this work is that a person finds in it incomparable happiness. Continuing the human race, the father and mother repeat themselves in the child, and the moral responsibility for the person, for his future, depends on how conscious this repetition is. Every moment of that work, which is called education, is a work of the future and a look into the future. Raising children is a return of special forces, spiritual forces. We create a person with love - the love of father to mother and mother to father, love of father and mother to people, deep faith in the dignity and beauty of man. Beautiful children grow up in families where mother and father love each other and at the same time love and respect people. A person acquires value for society only when he becomes a person, and its formation requires purposeful, systematic influence. It is the family with its constant and natural nature of influence is designed to form character traits, beliefs, attitudes, worldview of the child. Therefore, the allocation of the educational function of the family as the main has a social meaning. For each person, the family performs emotional and recreational functions that protect a person from stressful and extreme situations. The comfort and warmth of a home, the realization of a person's need for trusting and emotional communication, compassion, empathy, support - all this allows a person to be more resistant to the conditions of modern restless life. Despite the large number of studies on the problem of raising children and youth, the socio-pedagogical conditions and factors of the educational process in the family, school and other social institutions are not analyzed in depth. Namely, they determine the strategy of education, which is outlined today in certain trends in the education of the individual in the modern conditions of Ukrainian reality.
NON-LINGUISTIC STUDENTS’ INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS FORMATION
Authors:   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Zinchenko Olena , Ohrenich Maria ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Shepel Maryna ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Yakovlieva Maryna ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the experimental methodology of general cultural competence and business English speech etiquette skills formation. They are regarded as a means of intercultural business communication of future economic professionals. The analysis of recent researches and publications issued by domestic and foreign scientists on the subject under study is provided. The authors give their own definition to the concept «general cultural competence». The experimental validation of general cultural competence and business English speech etiquette development was carried out on the basis of Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies (Ukraine) during 2017-2019. The experiment covered 450 students of the Faculty of Economics, Business and Control (Specialities «Accounting and Audit», «Economy of Enterprise») and the Faculty of Management, Marketing and Logistics (Specialities «Management», «Marketing», «Entrepreneurship, Trade and Exchange Activity», «Public Management and Administration»). The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was aimed at future economic specialists’ general cultural competence formation and the second one — business English speech etiquette development. In the process of our study we solved the following tasks: to show the possibilities of forming general cultural competence in the educational process at a higher technical educational institution; to develop students' self-education and self-improvement abilities; to promote the creation of beliefs, value preferences, the acquisition of new knowledge and cultural activities skills. teaching the speech etiquette was based on certain principles, namely: didactical, methodical, linguistic. The study provides examples of interactive tasks and types of work that have contributed to the English language communicative competence development and cultural values assimilation of foreign cultures representatives, they are: business role plays, case studies, working with original texts, students’ pair and group activity, video tutorials, mini-conferences and presentations; such concepts as «dialogue of cultures», «intercultural interaction», «culturological situation», «speech etiquette formulae», «information and communication educational technologies» etc., Based on this work results, methodological recommendations for the students’ business English speech etiquette and general culture competence formation were given.
Engineering Method for Calculating the Temperature on the Inner Surface of the Outer Corner of a Building
Authors: Умнякова Н. П.
Published: December 2021

Постановка задачи. Температура на внутренней поверхности наружного угла всегда меньше, чем по глади наружной стены, что при низких температурах наружного воздуха может приводить к образованию конденсата на внутренней поверхности стены. В связи с этим актуальным является проблема разработки инженерного метода расчета температуры в наружном углу для исключения возможности конденсатообразования на внутренней поверхности угла на стадии проектирования стеновых конструкций. Результаты. Для решения этой задачи на основе решения уравнения теплового баланса, учета амплитуды колебания температуры воздуха в помещении и теплопоглощения внутренних поверхностей стен, междуэтажных перекрытий (поверхности потолка и пола), перегородок, окон получена формула для вычисления температуры на внутренней поверхности наружного угла. Также в ходе исследования проведены натурные испытания стеновой конструкции с наружным углом и получены значения температур на внутренней и наружной поверхностях. Выводы. Сопоставление результатов расчетов по разработанной методике и экспериментальных данных показало, что значения температур на внутренней поверхности наружного угла практически совпадают. Это дает основание использовать предложенный инженерный метод расчета температуры на внутренней поверхности угла наружной стены при проектировании ограждающих конструкций зданий для создания благоприятных комфортных и санитарно-гигиенических условий в помещении.

Statement of the problem. The temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner is always lower than on the inner surface of the outer wall. This temperature difference might lead to the formation of condensation on the inner surface of the wall at low outdoor temperatures. Therefore the problem of developing an engineering method for calculating the temperature in the outer corner to exclude the possibility of condensation on the inner surface in the design process of the outer wall structures is extremely relevant. Results. To address this problem, based on solving the heat balance equation, taking into account the amplitude of air temperature fluctuations in the room and heat absorption of the inner surfaces of walls, intermediate bottoms (ceiling and floor surfaces), parting walls, a formula was obtained to calculate the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner. Also, through the course of the study, natural tests of the wall structure with an outer corner were carried out and the temperatures on the inner and outer surfaces were obtained. Conclusions. Comparison of the calculation results using the developed engineering calculation method and experimental data showed that the temperatures on the inner surface of the outer corner almost coincided. This makes it possible to use the suggested engineering method for calculating the temperature on the inner surface of the outer wall corner in the design of enclosing structures to exclude condensation.
Design Model As a Means of Thinking in Architectural Practice and Theory of Renaissance
Authors: Капустин П. В.
Published: December 2021

Состояние проблемы. Реконструкция исторической эволюции архитектурного проектирования сегодня становится актуальной необходимостью. Причины, условия, процессы формирования базовых представлений и методов, легших в основу проектного типа мышления и действия, до сих пор довольно мало изучены, особенно в критическом аспекте. Между тем немалая часть сегодняшних проблем и затруднений, как становится понятно, берет начало в эпохе зарождения профессионального проектного метода, в событиях Нового времени. Центром этого метода стало моделирование, вопросы эволюции которого рассмотрены в настоящей работе. Результаты. Рассмотрен этап становления проектирования в архитектурной деятельности в Ренессансе, прежде всего методологический вклад Л. Б. Альберти. Показана трансформация традиционного модельного способа зодческой работы в Раннем Возрождении, связанная с обособлением креативных действий, персонализацией замысла, изменениями в цеховых коммуникациях. Ремесленный способ работы зодчего вступает в профессиональную эру, что ведет к кардинальному изменению характера и места архитектурных моделей. Выводы. Требуется переосмысление, даже переоценка значения моделирования в эволюции проектирования: на место привычной картины безоблачного прогресса должна прийти критическая и проблематизирующая теория, дающая основания для инструментального отношения к моделированию как одному из методов, не лишенному недостатков.

Statement of the problem. Reconstruction of the historical evolution of architectural designing is becoming an urgent need today. The reasons, conditions, processes for the formation of basic ideas and methods that formed the basis of the designing type of thinking and action are still quite poorly understood, especially in a critical aspect. Meanwhile, a considerable part of today's problems and difficulties, as it becomes clear, originates in the era of the emergence of the professional method of designing, in the events of the Modernity. The center of this method is modeling, the evolution of which is considered in this work. Result. The stage of development of design in architectural activity in the Renaissance is considered, most importantly, the methodological contribution of L. B. Alberti. The transformation of the traditional model method of architectural work in the Early Renaissance is shown associated with the isolation of creative actions, personalization of the concept, changes in craft's communications. The craftsman's way of working enters the professional era, which results in a radical change in the nature and place of architectural models. Conclusions. Rethinking, even a reassessment of the importance of modeling in the evolution of designing is required instead of the usual picture of cloudless progress, a critical and problematizing theory should come providing foundations for an instrumental attitude to modeling as one of the methods that is not devoid of shortcomings.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ КРИТЕРИИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВОМ ПРОДУКЦИИ И МИНИМИЗАЦИИ ПОТЕРЬ
Authors: Мизаев М.М. , Мизаев Мизаев А.М.
Published: December 2021

Концепция предприятия лежит в основе формирования его политики и раскрывается в стратегии и тактике деятельности предприятия. При анализе политики предприятия как элемента оценки эффективности системы управления качеством будем исходить из общей модели процесса «ресурсы – производство – свойства продукции». Политика управления предприятием должна учитывать все взаимосвязи схемы преобразования ресурсов на предприятии в конечную продукцию с точки зрения обеспечения эффективности хозяйственной деятельности.
ДАТА-ЦЕНТРЫ НА ДНЕ ОКЕАНА
Authors: Терекбаев Л.-А.У. , Шапианова Ф.Р. , Чанкаева А.М.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы размещения нынешних дата-центров, их энергопотребления и охлаждения, а также рассматриваются возможные решения этих проблем. При написании работы использованы методы сбора фактического материала, а также теоретической интерпретации материала.
РЕШЕНИЕ ЗАДАЧИ О КОЛЕБАНИЯХ ПРЯМОУГОЛЬНОЙ ПЛАСТИНЫ В МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОМ ПАКЕТЕ MATLAB
Authors: Дадахаев И.Р. , Даутмурзаева А.Г. , Азиева Л.Д.
Published: December 2021

Решения начально-краевых задач для уравнения колебаний находят аналитическими (метод Фурье – метод разделения переменных), асимптотическими и численными методами. Многие из этих методов реализованы в виде подпрограмм в математических пакетах. В данной статье решена задача о колебаниях пластины методом конечных элементов в программе Matlab с помощью встроенной процедуры pdetoo [1-3]l.
ЭЛЕКТРОННЫЙ ТРЕНАЖЕР ТАБЛИЦЫ УМНОЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Дубаева А.Ш. , Гайрабекова Т.И.
Published: December 2021

В работе описано разработанное приложение – тренажер таблицы умножения, приведены использованные инструментальные средства, представлены классы, из которых состоит интерактивный продукт, изложены причины применения электронных тренажеров в образовании.
ГЕОЛАКАЦИОННЫЕ СЕРВИСЫ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ МАРКЕТИНГА
Authors: Масхудов А.В. , Мальсагов Б.С.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются геолокационные сервисы как маркетинговый инструмент. Маркетинг на основе определения местоположения доказал свою эффективность на протяжении всего жизненного цикла клиента – от обнаружения и покупки до вовлечения и удержания. При правильном использовании маркетинг на основе местоположения позволяет маркетологам оттачивать конкретные сегменты клиентов с помощью целевых предложений, улучшая при этом опыт клиентов для населения, которое все больше ценит мгновенное удовлетворение.
ЦИФРОВАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
Authors: Шуева Э.А. , Арсалиев Ш.Х.-М. , Чанкаева А.М.
Published: December 2021

Мы живем в то время, когда большая часть нашей жизни, личной и профессиональной, проходит в Интернете. В цифровом мире мы занимаемся банковским делом, покупаем музыку, оплачиваем счета, занимаемся социальным планированием и даже частично выполняем свою работу. Эта растущая зависимость от Интернета и цифровых сетей сопряжена с рисками наряду с удобством, которое они обеспечивают.
Интернет-преступники, хакеры и даже просто скучающие озорники прячутся в тени, ожидая подходящего момента, чтобы ограбить вас, совершить мошенничество, украсть вашу личность или просто поставить вас в неловкое положение. Поэтому безопасность цифровой информации имеет первостепенное значение.
При написании работы использованы методы сбора фактического материала, а также теоретической интерпретации материала.
ИНДУСТРИЯ 4.0. ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ БИЗНЕСА
Authors: Джемалдинова М.Ю. , Эсмурзаев З.К. , Гузуева Э.Р.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассматривается одна из самых обсуждаемых тем в области современных технологий и развития промышленной революции – Индустрия 4.0. Индустрия 4.0 охватывает весь жизненный цикл продукта и цепочку поставок – проектирование, продажи, инвентаризацию, планирование, качество, разработку, а также обслуживание клиентов и выездное обслуживание.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of bronchial asthma prophylaxis in adults and children with allergic rhinitis by means of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Lemeshko Valeriya A. , Ratushnyak Svetlana S. , Gorkavenko Filipp V. , Nazarova Evgeniya V. , Ilina Natalia I. , Omelyanovskiy Vitaly V.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis is the most common chronic allergic disease worldwide, and bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most severe complications of allergic rhinitis. Clinical studies reported that sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy can reduce the incidence of bronchial asthma in children and adults. However, allergen-specific immunotherapy is rather expensive and is not reimbursed by the state, which transfers the cost of this therapy to patients.
AIMS: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy in children and adults with allergic rhinitis and/or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study hypothesized based on study results by Devillier P. et al. in 2019, to which the incidence of asthma was 13.7% and 17.0% in the sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy + symptomatic therapy and the symptomatic therapy group, respectively (odds ratio: 0.776, 95% confidence interval [0.622; 0.968]). Pharmacoeconomic study based on decision tree model. Costs taken into account are the following: allergen-specific immunotherapy, symptomatic therapy, diagnostics, and routine follow-up visits due to bronchial asthma, outpatient bronchial asthma drug therapy, and hospitalization due to bronchial asthma. The modeling horizon was 5 years, including 2 years of allergen-specific immunotherapy therapy and 3 years of follow-up.
RESULTS: The cost per patient when using allergen-specific immunotherapy in combination with symptomatic therapy was 166,711.93 rubles, whereas with symptomatic therapy was 101,700.35 rubles. The cost-effectiveness ratio for allergen-specific immunotherapy in combination with symptomatic therapy was 193,177.20 rubles per 1 prevented case of asthma, whereas 122,530.55 rubles for symptomatic therapy for 1 prevented case of bronchial asthma. Thus, the cost of 1 averted bronchial asthma case when using allergen-specific immunotherapy in combination with symptomatic therapy is 57.7% higher than with symptomatic therapy. The cost-benefit analysis result revealed that the incremental cost-utility ratio for an additional year of life adjusted for its quality when performing sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy in combination with symptomatic therapy compared with symptomatic therapy alone in children and adults was 567,365.48 rubles, which is less than the calculated willingness to pay threshold (RUB 2,248,898.50).
CONCLUSIONS: The comparison results of the cost of 1 added quality adjusted life years and willingness to pay threshold concluded that sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy in combination with symptomatic therapy compared to symptomatic therapy alone is potentially cost-effective in children and adults with allergic rhinitis.
A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors:   Postgraduate student, Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, SOKOLOV S. V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of human capital as a system. The evolutionary characteristic of the essence of human capital is given on the basis of studying the works of scientists from the middle of the twentieth century to the present time about its nature, components, sources of development and functional features. The conditions of possibility of studying human capital as a system are considered. The presented results of the main methodological provisions of the study of human capital on the basis of a systematic approach can serve as a basis for substantiating the directions of development aimed at increment of human capital of rural areas.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN INSURANCE MARKET IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department “Finance, Credit and Insurance”, Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, SAFIULLAEVA R. I. , DEMCHENKO I. A. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economic Analysis and Audit, Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, URYADOVA T. N. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economic Analysis and Audit, Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia
Published: December 2021

The article considers the impact on the development of the Russian insurance market of crisis phenom-ena in the economy, the effects of sanctions and the consequences of the spread of the pandemic. COVID-19 The author highlighted the main trends in the development of the insurance sector in the country, noted the role of life insurance and auto insurance as the main segments in the insurance services market. The main problems existing in the insurance sector of Russia were noted.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Stavropol, Russia, KUSAKINA O. N.
Published: December 2021

The article substantiates the need to form a business strategy of agribusiness entities, consid-ers the basics of practical implementation of the strategic management system, develops an algorithm for developing and implementing the development strategy of an agribusiness enterprise, including an analysis of the external and internal environment, SWOT-analysis of the activities of an agribusiness enterprise, mis-sion, purpose of development, study of the main areas of choice of development strategy, study of enterprise strategies and their choice, justification the need for implementation and the essence of organizational changes, as well as the practical implementation of the strategy. The state of the external environment of agricultural enterprises specializing in grain production has been analyzed, a SWOT-analysis of the activities of enterprises with grain specialization of the Territory has been presented, and the differentiation strategy has been substantiated. The presented results can serve as a basis for the development and implementation of strategies for the development of agricultural enterprises.
The integrative potential of science and research cooperation for suturing the Baltic Sea region in the 21st century
Authors: Musiał Kazimierz
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to demonstrate how science and researchcooperation may help to reintegrate the Baltic region in the 21st century withthe participation of Russia. This is done through the analysis of documentsand strategies of Baltic Sea regionalism in the context of the regional knowledgeregime. Attention is paid to different positionalities of the regional actorsand their narratives. The theoretical framework is secured by an analysis ofcritical junctures drawing on case studies from the years 1989-91 and 2014 andthe subsequent reconfiguration of the power / knowledge nexus. The analysisshows that this reconfiguration actively contributes to creating and changingthe content and context of the Baltic Sea regionalism as based on new symbolic,economic, and political capitals. The conclusion points to the potentialof Russia’s involvement in the co-creation of the regional knowledge regimeand defines the conditions and methods of possible cooperation.
Evaluation of the Investment Development Path concept in selected Baltic Sea Region states: Where are we?
Authors: Borowicz Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

In the European Union (EU), there are four Baltic Sea Region (BSR) states – Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland – which are interlinked by the following facts: the common moment of obtaining EU membership, a common historical path from communism to democracy, and being part of the BSR. Although the selected countries share common roots, it seems that, in terms of the economic development, they may follow a different path. Investment development path (IDP), a concept developed by J.H. Dunning, stresses that the development of a country is a result of being an active exporter of capital. This paper aims to evaluate the progress of the four selected economies in terms of their IDP. The analysis takes into consideration their peculiar economic determinants. The methods used include quantitative and qualitative methods. Among the qualitative methods, a literature review briefly presents Dunning’s IDP paradigm. The review of existing empirical research highlights the contributions of the paper. The quantitative methods cover the statistical data illustrating the progress of the selected countries in terms of the IDP. The data were obtained from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTADStat) and Eurostat. The BSR states under investigation differ in terms of their economic growth. However, they share a common denominator of maintaining the role of importer of capital. The highest dynamics of the growth of the outward stock of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) was observed in Poland and Lithuania. It is Poland and Estonia, however, that seemingly will climb on the ladder of IDP faster than Latvia and Lithuania. In all cases, these countries deal with higher dynamics of annual growth of Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) than Inward Foreign Direct Investment (IFDI), which suggests that all are at the third stage of IDI. However complex analysis reveals differences that shed new light on the progress of development paths of these BSR states.
National and ethnic minorities and the image of the state in international public relations: a comparative study of Lithuania and Estonia
Authors: Jundo-Kaliszewska Barbara , Włodarska-Frykowska Agata
Published: December 2021

The article analyses the current situation in Estonia and Lithuania in the context of the position of both states and their public relations strategy and image since 1991, as well as the role of national minorities in this process. The authors emphasize that even though Estonia and Lithuania tend to be treated as very similar state organisms, they chose different ways of building their legal and democratic structures. Despite many similarities between the two states, such as location, size, small population, common historical background and, above all, ethnic divisions, one should pay attention to successful attempts to strengthen the statehood of Estonia and Lithuania.
Аналіз методів оцінки ефективності систем фізичного захисту.
Authors: Димова Г.
Published: December 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню існуючих методів оцінки ефективності систем фізичного захисту об’єктів інформатизації. Питання забезпечення безпеки різних об'єктів, в першу чергу, таких як критична інфраструктура, інформатизація, якими в даний час є переважна більшість об'єктів є дуже важливими. Один з найважливіших елементів практично будь-якої системи безпеки – це система фізичного захисту (СФЗ). Крім того, захист інформації включає в себе, серед інших, і фізичний захист, яка полягає в застосуванні організаційних заходів і сукупності засобів, що створюють перешкоди для проникнення або доступу неуповноважених фізичних осіб до об'єкта захисту. Створення такої СФЗ об'єктів інформатизації (ОІ) передбачає аналіз ефективності і уразливості СФЗ як важливий етап розробки будь-якої системи. У свою чергу, складність сучасних СФЗ, а також різноманіття моделей порушників і способів проникнення спричиняє необхідність застосування засобів автоматизації процесів моделювання таких систем. Різні методи аналізу ефективності СФЗ базуються на даних експертних оцінок основних параметрів і, отже, мають високий ступінь суб'єктивності. Вони вимагають трудомістких експериментальних досліджень. Крім того, їх складно використовувати в задачах математичного моделювання. Таким чином, актуальними є питання підвищення точності аналізу ефективності СФЗ ОІ. У статті проведено порівняльний аналіз методів оцінки ефективності систем фізичного захисту, до яких увійшли такі підходи: детерміністичний, логіко-ймовірнісний, ймовірнісно-часовий, метод аналізу ієрархій та нечітких множин. Також були розглянуті відомі комп’ютерні моделі та програмні продукти призначені для виявлення загроз об’єкта інформатизації. Приведені основні характеристики і параметри оцінки ефективності СФЗ та необхідні завдання щодо впровадження системи фізичного захисту.
WATER POLICY STRATEGY OF UKRAINE: PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Khvesyk Mykhailo , Levkovska Lyudmila , Mandzyk Valeriy
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical approaches to the formation and implementation of the strategy of water policy of Ukraine in the context of climate change. As a result of the conducted research, it is proved that because of influence of various external factors there are changes of basic imperatives of functioning of modern systems of management of water resources. The need to consider these changes by improving the strategic documents that define the priorities and principles of national water management policy is substantiated. It is established that one of the main reasons for the lack of water of good quality is its low value compared to other natural resources. This leads to a lack of legal, organizational, and financial and economic grounds for ensuring the payback of water and water-dependent ecosystem services, which is the reason for lack of funds and relevant work to improve and restore environmental and hydro morphological characteristics of reservoirs and repair and modernization of existing hydraulic structures.
In this regard, emphasis is placed on the need to improve methods of economic regulation and the development of mechanisms and tools for financial support of sustainable water management. In the context of the above, it is proposed to include in the list of main tasks of the draft Water Strategy of Ukraine two groups of economic levers to increase the financial base of investment support for sustainable water management. The first group is aimed at improving the rent regulation of special use of water resources and provides for raising standards for unauthorized groundwater production, for companies that produce beverages and sell bottled drinking water, as well as limiting various benefits and preferences when paying special water use fees. The second - to change the system of water resources management, the development of institutional and legal support for their use in a globalized market environment, the implementation of modern instruments of financial and economic support for the formation of territorial water resources on a corporate basis.
The influence of the COVID-19 first wave on the European ecosystem
Authors:   Autonomous Institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra «High Technology Parc», Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Krivosheev V.V. , Stoliarov A.I. ,   Autonomous Institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra «High Technology Parc», Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: December 2021

The results of analytical studies are presented, which show that restrictive measures for reduction of SARS-CoV-2 propagation speed and the incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the territory of Western Europe and the Russian Federation have led to a significant reduction of anthropogenic load on the natural environment and a considerable improvement of environmental conditions for the main types of contaminants. At the same time there is a dramatic growth of total ozone in the troposphere during the period of restrictions almost for all studied territories. It is revealed that after finishing the restrictive measures the level of air contamination reached its initial point: by September in Western Europe and by October in the European part of Russia. The calculations demonstrated that poor air quality aggravates the consequences of COVID-19, and a significant contribution is made by the PM2.5 concentration of fine solid particles, which can penetrate deeper into the human lungs and exacerbate the course of respiratory diseases. Keywords: COVID-19, ecology, tropospheric conditions, satellite information, morbidity level and air quality
Abnormal aerosol air pollution in Moscow near the local anthropogenic source in July 2021
Authors:   A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Gubanova D.P. , Vinogradova A.A. ,   A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Skorokhod A.I. ,   A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Iordanskii M.A. ,   A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes the composition of surface aerosol close to the local intense anthropogenic source of pollution associated with the active phase of demolition of multistorey buildings in the center of Moscow. An abnormal increase in the daytime PM10 aerosol particle concentration to 5 MPC for daily values and to 14 MPC for maximum single values was reinforced by unfavorable meteorological conditions in the middle of July 2021. Preliminary estimation of the power of the dust aerosol source and its effect on the aerosol air pollution in nearby areas of the city is performed. The extreme and background values of the aerosol mass concentration, its elemental composition and particle size distribution during this period are determined. It is necessary to take into account such point pollutant sources in estimating and forecasting environmental conditions in a densely populated city. Keywords: surface aerosol, local anthropogenic source, Moscow, aerosol mass concentration, elemental composition, meteorological conditions
Formation conditions of an ice storm in Vladivostok in November 2020
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Leonov I.I. , Sokolikhina N.N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2021

Synoptic conditions for the formation of an unprecedented ice storm with the generation of long-lived high-intensity glaze ice on the vast territory in Primorsky Krai are investigated. The leading role of the strong extension of the layer with positive temperature towards the cold air mass and the existence of two-way temperature advection in the lower troposphere are shown. It is shown that the long-term preservation of glaze ice on the territory of the region was associated with the movement of the southern cyclone to the east and the arrival of cold air masses from the continent. Experiments were implemented to simulate freezing precipitation using the WRF-ARW mesoscale model. The simulation results made it possible to obtain more detailed data on the vertical structure of the atmosphere during the formation of freezing precipitation and to fill in the missing data for analysis. Keywords: severe weather events, ice accretion, glaze ice, freezing rain, ice pellets, numerical weather prediction, WRF-ARW
The Plant Consciousness: Understanding and Developing Proto-languages Between Plants and Humans
Authors: Turini Stefano , Dunjic Momir , Vitosevic Biljana , Novakovic Tatjana , Dunjic Marija , Krstic Dejan , Dunjic Katarina
Published: December 2021

Plants are among the oldest and most complex organisms on our world. The complexity lies, first of all, from the cellular point of view, which has a greater compartmentalization than the animal cell. Also evolved as terrestrial organisms, plants have developed complex forms of electrochemical
communication, developed to the point of suggesting that plants possessed a sort of nervous system, similar to that found in the animal world and in organisms with a high degree of evolution. Over the course of history, numerous researchers, especially in the last century, have alternated
trying to penetrate the functional complexity of plants, obtaining results that allowed to tip the scales towards the presence not only of a nervous system, but a complex processing capacity, comparable to a consciousness. The experiment described here, using a polygraphic apparatus connected
to an artificial intelligence computerized processing system, made it possible to evaluate the physiopathological responses of a plant subjected to external stimuli of an invasive and non-invasive nature. The technique involved addressing the vegetable "directly" during the experimentation.
The results obtained have highlighted a logical succession of responses, which have allowed us to conclude that plants possess an advanced capacity for processing external stimuli and also of the human voice.
ONLINE PAYMENT OPTIONS AND CONSUMER TRUST: DETERMINANTS OF E-COMMERCE IN AFRICA
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Muse , Lee Geunhee
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of online payment options and consumer trust on the awareness and perception of e-commerce in Africa. A five-construct model was developed and empirically tested utilizing the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to probe answers for the variables under study. 760 professionals and college students who reside in Somalia responded to our online questionnaire, then 744 clean responses were selected after removing uncompleted answers. The study results determined that the availability of locally popular payment options such as mobile payment in Africa affects the level of awareness and public perception towards e-commerce. Moreover, the current global online payment options overlook the local technologies popular in Africa. Also, consumer trust was found to be a good determinant of the awareness and perception of e-commerce in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). This paper finds that including more payment options would make a difference in Africa. It also shows that low consumer trust could be solved if consumers are given assurances for their online financial transactions. This paper contributes to the existing literature proving that various online payment options and consumer trust can be strong determinants of e-commerce, even in LDCs such as Somalia. Also, it added a new value to the current understanding of the impact of both awareness and perception of e-commerce on the propensity for online shopping by finding contradictory results in our research context.
DIFFERENCES IN BUSINESS RISK EFFECTS ON THE FUTURE OF SMEs DUE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Dvorský Ján , Čepel Martin , Kotásková Anna , Bugánová Katarína
Published: December 2021

The article aims to identify, analyze, and quantify disparities in the impact of entrepreneurial risks on the future of small and medium-sized enterprises in the business environment of the Czech Republic in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out on 814 SMEs in two phases. 454 SMEs participated in the first phase of the research, which took part before the COVID-19 pandemic. 360 SMEs took part in the second research phase during the pandemic. Statistical methods such as correlation analysis and linear regression modeling were applied to evaluate statistical hypotheses. The results yielded interesting findings. According to respondents, the three most significant business risks in the SME segment include market, financial, and personnel risk in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurs saw the adequacy of sales and financial performance of the business as key determinants that impact the future of SMEs over a 5-year horizon. Conversely, during the COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurs perceived the management of the company's personnel performance, financial performance, and ability to manage financial risk as determinants that affect the future of SMEs over five years. According to owners and top managers during the COVID-19 pandemic, the most significant factor is the adequacy of personnel risk in SMEs.On the one hand, the findings benefit the owners themselves and the top managers of SMEs. On the other hand, government institutions and organizations that decide on government measures promote a penetrating environment. Also, the non-profit sector (e.g. Association of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Crafts of the Czech Republic) assists SMEs in their edible activities and activities.
Federalism. The Origins and Ways of its Development in the History of the USA and Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís – MA, Brasil, Ramos Paulo R. B. , Viana Pedro N. M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. This article analyses the historical aspects of the formation of the foundations of fe- deralism as a constitutional principle, as well as its origins and development in the United States of America and Brazil. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The study of law, legislation, and doctrine related to American and Brazilian federalism was undertaken. The study of Brazilian and foreign scientific works was car- ried out on the basis of an interdisciplinary comparative study from the standpoint of legal theory. Results. The result is the comparison of the American and Brazilian models of federalism with the analysis of some definitions of the concept of federation, as well as its specificity in Brazil in the modern period. The authors of this study intended to highlight the development of federalism in Brazil, touching upon the aspects of Brazilian federalism as reflected in the 1988 Constitution. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the Brazilian Constitution shows such features as the plurality of the constituent entities of the state forming a federation. Brazilian federalism is also characterised by the principle of non-interference, which means that the Union cannot in- terfere in the affairs of the member states, and the states, in turn, cannot interfere in the affairs of the municipalities.
Constitutional and Legal Institute of the Ombudsman and Specialized Ombudsman for Migration in Foreign Countries: Formation and Development
Authors:   Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice (Simferopol), Trifonov S. G. , Trifonova K. V.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the Ombudsman is a traditional component of democratic legal systems. The creation of such a body, as noted in the Council of Europe Resolution «On the role of commissioners/ombudsmen in the protection of citizens’ rights», which would try to ensure justice, respect for the foundations of the rule of law and at the same time be able to establish a dialogue with citizens, is necessary in many States. The purpose and objectives of this article are to consider the issues of the emergence and development of the constitutional-legal institution as an Ombudsman in General, and the evolution of this institution, in which there were various models and types of ombudsmen. It is also necessary to describe the existing models of the Ombudsman applied in different States. The article examines the functional specialization of ombudsmen, which occurs through the introduction of ombudsmen in certain areas of public relations or to protect the rights and interests of the most legally vulnerable categories and groups of the population, and specifically the emergence of the institution of migration ombudsmen. The methodology of the article is based on a set of philosophical and worldview, General scientific principles and approaches and special scientific methods of cognition of constitutional and legal phenomena. When writing, a number of General scientific and special scientific methods were used, including: system and structural-functional methods, sociological method, formal-logical method, comparative-legal method. As a result of the research, we can conclude that the essential characteristics of the Ombudsman institution have changed from the institution of supervision of the administration and the court to the most important human rights mechanism that it represents at the present stage. Within the framework of the functioning of the institution of the Ombudsman, different models have been identified in different States and specialized ombudsmen have appeared, including those dealing with the protection of the legal rights and interests of migrant workers.