bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classification of Breast Cancer Histopathological Images Using DenseNet and Transfer Learning
Authors: Wakili Musa Adamu , Shehu Harisu Abdullahi , Sharif Md. Haidar , Sharif Md. Haris Uddin , Umar Abubakar , Kusetogullari Huseyin , Ince Ibrahim Furkan , Uyaver Sahin
Published: October 2022

Breast cancer is one of the most common invading cancers in women. Analyzing breast cancer is nontrivial and may lead to disagreements among experts. Although deep learning methods achieved an excellent performance in classification tasks including breast cancer histopathological images, the existing state-of-the-art methods are computationally expensive and may overfit due to extracting features from in-distribution images. In this paper, our contribution is mainly twofold. First, we perform a short survey on deep-learning-based models for classifying histopathological images to investigate the most popular and optimized training-testing ratios. Our findings reveal that the most popular training-testing ratio for histopathological image classification is 70%: 30%, whereas the best performance (e.g., accuracy) is achieved by using the training-testing ratio of 80%: 20% on an identical dataset. Second, we propose a method named DenTnet to classify breast cancer histopathological images chiefly. DenTnet utilizes the principle of transfer learning to solve the problem of extracting features from the same distribution using DenseNet as a backbone model. The proposed DenTnet method is shown to be superior in comparison to a number of leading deep learning methods in terms of detection accuracy (up to 99.28% on BreaKHis dataset deeming training-testing ratio of 80%: 20%) with good generalization ability and computational speed. The limitation of existing methods including the requirement of high computation and utilization of the same feature distribution is mitigated by dint of the DenTnet.
Mobile-Assisted Language Learning and Its Effects on Learners’ Speaking Development
Authors: Aliakbari Mohammad , Mardani Mahsa
Published: October 2022

This comparative study was to determine the impact of mobile learning classes on English Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ speaking skill development and their motivation to participate in class discussions. The level of students’ satisfaction with this approach was also investigated. 60 students from Kish institute in Ilam, Iran, were assigned through purposive sampling to comparable groups. One group participated in face-to-face classes, and the other took part in mobile learning classes through WhatsApp. Parallel forms of a test were conducted as pretest and post-test for both groups to examine the impact of mobile learning, and a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed through WhatsApp. The obtained data of both groups were analyzed through SPSS 20. The findings revealed that the majority of students were satisfied with mobile learning classes, students in mobile learning classes outperformed the students in face-to-face classes, and that mobile learning classes had a significant role in increasing students’ motivation to participate in class discussions.
LncRNA BANCR Promotes Endometrial Stromal Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Endometriosis via the miR-15a-5p/TRIM59 Axis
Authors: Liu Lixue , Bai Ru , Li Debang , Dai Bai , Tuo Ya
Published: October 2022

Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) emerges as a regulator in various diseases, including endometriosis (EM). This study aims to uncover the role of long non-coding RNA BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA (lncRNA BANCR)-mediated competing endogenous RNA mechanism in endometrial stromal cell (ESC) proliferation and invasion in EM by regulating miR-15a-5p/TRIM59. ESCs were isolated from eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues, followed by the determination of Cytokeratin 19 and Vimentin expressions in cells. Then, expressions of lncRNA BANCR, microRNA (miR)-15a-5p, and tripartite motif-containing 59 (TRIM59) in tissues and cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot assay, and cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays. After that, the subcellular localization of lncRNA BANCR and binding of miR-15a-5p to lncRNA BANCR or TRIM59 were analyzed. LncRNA BANCR was upregulated in ectopic endometrial tissues and ectopic ESCs (Ect-ESCs). Silencing lncRNA BANCR suppressed Ect-ESC proliferation and invasion. LncRNA BANCR inhibited miR-15a-5p to promote TRIM59 expression. miR-15a-5p downregulation or TRIM59 overexpression both reversed the effects of silencing lncRNA BANCR on Ect-ESC proliferation and invasion. In summary, our findings suggested that lncRNA BANCR facilitated Ect-ESC proliferation and invasion by inhibiting miR-15a-5p and promoting TRIM59.
Multicriteria Recommendation Method of Tourist Routes Based on Tourist Clustering
Authors: Yang Li
Published: October 2022

A multicriteria recommendation algorithm for tourist routes under the multidimensional expanded spatial grid structure model based on fuzzy C-means clustering of tourist preferences is proposed. The purpose of the proposed structure is to improve the multicriteria intelligent recommendation ability of tourist routes under the multidimensional expanded spatial grid structure model of popular tourist core circle. The multidimensional enlarged spatial grid structure model of the well-known tourist core circle is used to develop the tourist correlation model of travel routes under the restricted sample training. Under the popular traveler core circle’s multidimensional enlarged spatial grid structure framework, the mixed kernel use and global kernel use are created to extract the correlation characteristics of tourist route recommendation. Under the multidimensional enlarged spatial grid structure model of the well-known tourist core circle, the adaptive learning of tourist route selection is carried out using the hybrid particle swarm algorithm. To manage the convergence of the suggestion process, maps of logistical chaos are employed, utilizing culture’s universalism and ergodicity resources and examining the aesthetic resources along tourism routes. The simulation results demonstrate that the multidimensional extended spatial grid structure model’s tourism route information recommendation accuracy is decent, and a solid swarm intelligence junction is observed in this analysis, preventing tourism route recommendations from settling for the local optimal solution and enhancing their intelligence and global stability.
Impact and Recovery from COVID-19–Related Disruptions in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Care in the US: A Scenario Analysis
Authors: van den Puttelaar Rosita , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , Hahn Anne I. , Rutter Carolyn M. , Levin Theodore R. , Zauber Ann G. , Meester Reinier G.S.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Many colorectal cancer–related procedures were suspended during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we predict the impact of resulting delays in screening (colonoscopy, FIT, and sigmoidoscopy) and diagnosis on colorectal cancer–related outcomes, and compare different recovery scenarios.

Methods:

Using the MISCAN-Colon model, we simulated the US population and evaluated different impact and recovery scenarios. Scenarios were defined by the duration and severity of the disruption (percentage of eligible adults affected), the length of delays, and the duration of the recovery. During recovery (6, 12 or 24 months), capacity was increased to catch up missed procedures. Primary outcomes were excess colorectal cancer cases and –related deaths, and additional colonoscopies required during recovery.

Results:

With a 24-month recovery, the model predicted that the US population would develop 7,210 (0.18%) excess colorectal cancer cases during 2020–2040, and 6,950 (0.65%) excess colorectal cancer–related deaths, and require 108,500 (8.6%) additional colonoscopies per recovery month, compared with a no-disruption scenario. Shorter recovery periods of 6 and 12 months, respectively, decreased excess colorectal cancer–related deaths to 4,190 (0.39%) and 4,580 (0.43%), at the expense of 260,200–590,100 (20.7%–47.0%) additional colonoscopies per month.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic will likely cause more than 4,000 excess colorectal cancer–related deaths in the US, which could increase to more than 7,000 if recovery periods are longer.

Impact:

Our results highlight that catching-up colorectal cancer–related services within 12 months provides a good balance between required resources and mitigation of the impact of the disruption on colorectal cancer–related deaths.
Breast Cancer Incidence in Relation to Long-Term Low-Level Exposure to Air Pollution in the ELAPSE Pooled Cohort
Authors: Hvidtfeldt Ulla Arthur , Chen Jie , Rodopoulou Sophia , Strak Maciej , de Hoogh Kees , Andersen Zorana J. , Bellander Tom , Brandt Jørgen , Fecht Daniela , Forastiere Francesco , Gulliver John , Hertel Ole , Hoffmann Barbara H. , Katsouyanni Klea , Ketzel Matthias , Brynedal Boel , Leander Karin , Ljungman Petter L.S. , Magnusson Patrik K.E. , Nagel Gabriele , Pershagen Göran , Rizzuto Debora , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Samoli Evangelia , So Rina , Stafoggia Massimo , Tjønneland Anne , Vermeulen Roel , Verschuren W.M. Monique , Weinmayr Gudrun , Wolf Kathrin , Zhang Jiawei , Zitt Emanuel , Brunekreef Bert , Hoek Gerard , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Published: October 2022

Background:

Established risk factors for breast cancer include genetic disposition, reproductive factors, hormone therapy, and lifestyle-related factors such as alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, smoking, and obesity. More recently a role of environmental exposures, including air pollution, has also been suggested. The aim of this study, was to investigate the relationship between long-term air pollution exposure and breast cancer incidence.

Methods:

We conducted a pooled analysis among six European cohorts (n = 199,719) on the association between long-term residential levels of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ozone in the warm season (O3) and breast cancer incidence in women. The selected cohorts represented the lower range of air pollutant concentrations in Europe. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level.

Results:

During 3,592,885 person-years of follow-up, we observed a total of 9,659 incident breast cancer cases. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed a HR (95% confidence interval) of 1.03 (1.00–1.06) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.06 (1.01–1.11) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 1.03 (0.99–1.06) per 0.5 10−5 m−1 BC, and 0.98 (0.94–1.01) per 10 μg/m³ O3. The effect estimates were most pronounced in the group of middle-aged women (50–54 years) and among never smokers.

Conclusions:

The results were in support of an association between especially PM2.5 and breast cancer.

Impact:

The findings of this study suggest a role of exposure to NO2, PM2.5, and BC in development of breast cancer.
Clinical Efficacy and Whole-Exome Sequencing of Liquid Biopsies in a Phase IB/II Study of Bazedoxifene and Palbociclib in Advanced Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Tsuji Junko , Li Tianyu , Grinshpun Albert , Coorens Tim , Russo Douglas , Anderson Leilani , Rees Rebecca , Nardone Agostina , Patterson Candace , Lennon Niall J. , Cibulskis Carrie , Leshchiner Ignaty , Tayob Nabihah , Tolaney Sara M. , Tung Nadine , McDonnell Donald P. , Krop Ian E. , Winer Eric P. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad , Jeselsohn Rinath
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Sensitivity to endocrine therapy (ET) is critical for the clinical benefit from the combination of palbociclib plus ET in hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced breast cancer. Bazedoxifene is a third-generation selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator and selective ER degrader with activity in preclinical models of endocrine-resistant breast cancer, including models harboring ESR1 mutations. Clinical trials in healthy women showed that bazedoxifene is well tolerated.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a phase Ib/II study of bazedoxifene plus palbociclib in patients with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer who progressed on prior ET (N = 36; NCT02448771).

Results:

The study met its primary endpoint, with a clinical benefit rate of 33.3%, and the safety profile was consistent with what has previously been seen with palbociclib monotherapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.0–7.2]. An activating PIK3CA mutation at baseline was associated with a shorter PFS (HR = 4.4; 95% CI, 1.5–13; P = 0.0026), but activating ESR1 mutations did not impact the PFS. Longitudinal plasma circulating tumor DNA whole-exome sequencing (WES; N = 68 plasma samples) provided an overview of the tumor heterogeneity and the subclonal genetic evolution, and identified actionable mutations acquired during treatment.

Conclusions:

The combination of palbociclib and bazedoxifene has clinical efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in a heavily pretreated patient population with advanced HR+/HER2− breast cancer. These results merit continued investigation of bazedoxifene in breast cancer.
The Prevalence of Active Epilepsy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al Rumayyan Ahmed , Alharthi Ashraf , Al-Rowaili Mohammad , Al-Mehmadi Sameer , Altwaijri Waleed , Alrifai Talal , Badri Motasim
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The global prevalence of active epilepsy is around 6.38/1,000 persons. In the Arabian region, the median prevalence of active epilepsy is 4.4/1,000 persons. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the last prevalence study for active epilepsy cases was conducted in 2001 and showed an estimate of 6.5/1,000 persons. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of active epilepsy and etiological factors among Saudi individuals of all ages resident in the Riyadh area, the central province, and the capital of KSA. Method: This is a door-to-door cross-sectional epidemiological study that was conducted between 2012 and 2016. Patients were initially screened at their homes using a questionnaire, and then suspected individuals were interviewed in the clinic by neurologists and epileptologists. Data related to age, age at seizure onset, gender, probable etiology, treatment, family history, duration of epilepsy, and seizure control, as well as images for electroencephalogram and magnetic resonant imaging, were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 13,873 participants, active epilepsy was evidenced in 55 patients (3.96; 95% CI: [2.99–5.16]/1,000 persons). No significant variation in the prevalence rate was detected between male and female patients (3.99 vs. 3.94/1,000 persons). The age-specific prevalence was the highest among the infants (1–12 months) (14.78/1,000 persons). Of the various seizure types, complex partial seizures were the most common (33%), followed by generalized seizures (29.1%). Concerning etiology, epilepsies with idiopathic and cryptogenic etiologies were the most common in 18 (36.3%) cases. Structural, vascular, and focal abnormalities were the most commonly diagnosed abnormalities (18.2%, 14.5%, and 39.2%, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of active epilepsy in KSA has dramatically decreased during the last decades to a rate lower than those reported in most developing countries.
Taking Action Locally to Strive for Healthy Food Systems and Environments
Authors: Carrillo-Alvarez Elena
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review: Food systems at all levels are experiencing various states of dysfunction and crisis, and in turn their governance contributes to other intensifying crises, such as climate change, biodiversity loss and the rapid expansion of dietary-related non-communicable diseases. In many jurisdictions governments at local, state and national levels are taking action to tackle some of the key challenges confronting food systems through a range of regulatory, legislative and fiscal measures. This article comprises a narrative review summarising recent relevant literature with a focus on the intersection between corporate power and public health. The review sought to identify some of the principal barriers for the design and support of healthy food systems and environments, as well as key reforms that can be adopted to address these barriers, with a focus on the role of local governments. Recent findings: The review found that, where permitted to do so by authorising legislative and regulatory frameworks, and where political and executive leadership prioritises healthy and sustainable food systems, local governments have demonstrated the capacity to exercise legislative and regulatory powers, such as planning powers to constrain the expansion of the fast food industry. In doing so, they have been able to advance broader goals of public health and wellbeing, as well as support the strengthening and expansion of healthy and sustainable food systems. Whilst local governments in various jurisdictions have demonstrated the capacity to take effective action to advance public health and environmental goals, such interventions take place in the context of a food system dominated by the corporate determinants of health. Accordingly, their wider health-promoting impact will remain limited in the absence of substantive reform at all levels of government.
Is the Focus on Healthy Eating Drowning in the Discussion About Sustainable Food?
Authors: Backer Mortensen Trude M.
Published: October 2022

Health authorities increasingly recommend a more plant-based diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, pulses, whole grains and nuts, low in red meat and moderate in dairy, eggs, poultry and fish which will be beneficial for both health and the environment. A systematic review of observational and intervention studies published between 2000 and January 2020 was conducted to assess nutrient intake and status in adult populations consuming plant-based diets (mainly vegetarian and vegan) with that of meat-eaters. Mean intake of nutrients were calculated and benchmarked to dietary reference values. For micronutrient status, mean concentrations of biomarkers were calculated and compared across diet groups. A total of 141 studies were included, mostly from Europe, South/East Asia, and North America. Protein intake was lower in people following plant-based diets compared to meat-eaters, but well within recommended intake levels. While fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), folate, vitamin C, E and magnesium intake was higher, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was lower in vegetarians and vegans as compared to meat-eaters. Intake and status of vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, zinc, iodine, calcium and bone turnover markers were generally lower in plant-based dietary patterns compared to meat-eaters. Vegans had the lowest vitamin B12, calcium and iodine intake, and also lower iodine status and lower bone mineral density. Meat-eaters were at risk of inadequate intakes of fiber, PUFA, α-linolenic acid (ALA), folate, vitamin D, E, calcium and magnesium. There were nutrient inadequacies across all dietary patterns, including vegan, vegetarian and meat-based diets. As plant-based diets are generally better for health and the environment, public health strategies should facilitate the transition to a balanced diet with more diverse nutrient-dense plant foods through consumer education, food fortification and possibly supplementation.
Dreifacher primärer Lungenkrebs: ein Fallbericht
Authors: Choi Hye Sook , Sung Ji-Youn
Published: October 2022

Hintergrund: Das Risiko, an Lungenkrebs zu erkranken, ist bei Rauchern, Patienten mit chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung, Personen, die Umweltkarzinogenen ausgesetzt sind, und Personen mit einer Vorgeschichte von Lungenkrebs erhöht. Autoabgase, die Karzinogene enthalten, sind ein Risikofaktor für Lungenkrebs. Wir gehen jedoch durch unser Leben, ohne zu wissen, dass Autoabgase Krebs verursachen. Insbesondere bei Lungenkrebspatienten ist es wichtig, bereits bestehende Risikofaktoren ausfindig zu machen, sie zu vermeiden und sie nach der Behandlung sorgfältig auf ein Wiederauftreten zu überwachen. Falldarstellung: Dies ist der erste Bericht eines Falls mit dreifachem Lungenkrebs mit unterschiedlichen histologischen Typen an verschiedenen Stellen, der bei einem 76-jährigen Parkwächter beobachtet wurde. Das erste Adenokarzinom und das zweite Platten­epithelkarzinom wurden mit stereotaktischer Radiochirurgie behandelt, da der Patient nicht operiert werden wollte. Obwohl der Patient nach der Diagnose mit dem gelegentlichen Rauchen aufhörte, arbeitete er weiterhin als Parkwächter auf dem Parkplatz. 29 Monate nach der ersten Behandlung entwickelte der Patient ein drittes neues kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom; er wurde mit Chemotherapie behandelt. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine neue Masse nach der Behandlung von Lungenkrebs könnte eher ein multipler primärer Lungenkrebs als eine Metastase sein. Daher ist eine präzise Bewertung wichtig. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die Risikofaktoren für Lungenkrebs, die leicht übersehen werden, aber nicht außer Acht gelassen werden sollten, und die Notwendigkeit, mit Patienten über die Überwachung nach einer Lungenkrebsbehandlung zu sprechen. Wir sollten die bereits exponierten Umweltkarzinogene sorgfältig prüfen und dazu raten, bei Patienten mit Lungenkrebs bereits bestehende Risikofaktoren am Arbeitsplatz oder Wohnort zu vermeiden.
A novel meta-heuristic algorithm based optimized load frequency controller
Authors: Hussain Mahammad Majahar , Ravi Kumar Chekka
Published: October 2022

This work proposes a 2-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral-double-derivative (2-DOF PIDD) controller to improve frequency profiles of an IEEE 39 bus 10 generator 3 area New England interconnected power system during step load perturbations. To increase the system’s dynamic response, parallel derivative components are used in the secondary controller mechanism, and comparisons are made with proportional, integral and derivative (PID) and 2-DOF PID controllers to illustrate the advantage of the proposed controller scheme. The ideal gain values of the PID, 2-DOF PID, and 2-DOF PIDD controllers are achieved using a novel evolutionary algorithm called the intelligent water drops (IWD) algorithm, which is used for the first time for the load frequency control problem for a 3-area power system. The results proved that the proposed controller is superior to the existing controllers. Simulations are done in the MATLAB-Simulink® environment.
Correlation analysis between lightning flashes and rainfall rate during a flash flood thunderstorm
Authors: Yusop Norbayah , Riduan Ahmad Mohd , Shea Ching Tan , Ammar Shamsul Baharin Shamsul , Riza Mohd Esa Mona , Abu Bakar Sidik Muhammad
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the correlation analysis between lightning flashes and the rainfall rate of a thunderstorm when a flash flood event happened in Melaka on 11 August 2020. Four types of data have been collected from the electric field mill (EFM), fast antenna (FA) system, constant altitude plan position indicator (CAPPI) radar and world wide lightning location network (WWLLN). Two storms have been detected by the EFM occurred between 04:00:00 and 14:00:00. The FA system recorded a total of 33 lightning flashes had detected with the highest number occurrence of flashes which positive narrow bipolar event (+NBE) around 21 flashes, the maximum rainfall rate and reflectivity have been detected by radar during the first storm were 8 mm h-1 and 37 dBZ, respectively (light rain). During the second storm, there was a total of 980 lightning flashes detected by the FA system with the highest number occurrence of flashes around 429 flashes (IC), the highest value of rainfall rate and reflectivity is 50 mm h-1 and 50 dBZ, respectively (heavy rain). Analyses of the lightning and rainfall rate data also show a close link between the occurrence of major thunderstorms systems and flash flooding on a regional scale.
A marine thruster’s model identification based on experimental-simulation approach
Authors: Laidani Abdelmalek , Bouhamida Mohamed , Bellahcene Zakaria
Published: October 2022

In recent years, underwater vehicles play a very important role in the marine field, and tasks cannot be accomplished quickly and accurately without the use of such devices. Despite the progress achieved, these vehicles still have prob- lems with their controls in order to have a very good dynamic positioning or a path tracking accurately, and these problems have a direct link to their thrusters, either by negligence or by ignorance of its mathematical model. Several works were carried out to have an accurate model of them, but its behavior is still diffi- cult to be described and it strongly influences the behavior of a vehicle in which it is integrated. In this work we try to deal this problem in the aim to iden- tify a marine thruster designed by us using a low-cost test bench and a hybrid identification approach, which combines the both experimental and simulation parts. The thruster will be integrated on a remotely operated vehicle under devel- opment by AVCIS-Lab to make simulation using UUV (unmanned underwater vehicle) Simulator and ROS (Robot Operating System) toolbox under Matlab. The outcomes will be presented at the end of this paper.
New methods for proportional-integral controller design for time-delay systems
Authors: Taiwo Ajiboye Aye , Femi Opadiji Jayeola , Olalekan Yusuf Abdulrahman , Joshua Popoola Olusogo , Toyin Olawole Esther , Femi Adebayo Olalekan
Published: October 2022

The development of structured methods for proportional-integral (PI) controller design for systems with time delay are proposed in this article. Several PI controller design methods for time-delay systems have been reported. However, combining two or more methods to form new ones have not been given serious attention. The system stability region in the controller parameters space was determined by plotting the stability boundaries. In this study, the controller gains were first obtained using genetic algorithm (GA), weighted geometric center (WGC), and centroid of convex stability region (CCSR). Thereafter, these gains were combined by finding the centroids of lines joining any of the two gain locations, and triangle whose vertices are the location of the three gains in the convex stability region, thus yielding four additional methods, M1, M2, M3, and M4. Compared to a particular existing method, some of the proposed methods yield faster response speed at the expense of reference input tracking, while the reverse is the case for others. Any of the proposed methods (M1, M2, M3, and M4) can be selected depending on the system performance specifications.
Smart technologies of the risk-management and decision-making systems in a fuzzy data environment
Authors: Marzhan Yesmagambetova , Talshyn Keribayeva , Kairat Koshekov , Saule Belginova , Karlygash Alibekkyzy , Yerbol Ospanov
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is to provide a methodology for calculating and predicting the quality of solution implementation in complicated multi-parametric organizational and technological challenges with control agent uncertainty. The article's study findings are centered on the practical application of formal methods in predicting the outcomes of control and decision-making risks under the uncertainty of model agents. The proposed mathematics and simulation applications use a multi-agent strategy to handle the general problem of assessing quality control based on "producer risk (project customer)" and "user risk." Computer experiments with simultaneous graphical visualization of the results improve the accuracy of mathematical modeling, increasing the study's effectiveness. Under the uncertainty of system agents, a simulation model has been designed to analyze and anticipate the dependability of control and the hazards of decision-making. The suggested model is unique in that it takes into account the statistical nature of normative values as well as the rules of equal probability. To handle a frequent problem, the proposed system technique employs a dual approach. It accomplishes this by assessing the quality of the control process based on the magnitude of the risks in the decision-making system.
Some remarks concerning on a fuzzy real normed space
Authors: Mohammedali Mayada N.
Published: October 2022

In mathematics, computer science, statistics, and other fields, the notion of fuzzy metric and fuzzy normed is crucial. Finding an acceptable fuzzy metric or norm for making some measurements can solve a lot of difficulties. In the sense of Mohammedali, fuzzy real normed spaces (FRNS) are the issue of this paper. Real normed and fuzzy real normed are advanced together with a ground-breaking analysis of their interactions. The structure of FRNS in terms of families of sublinear functional is established. After investigating some properties of "sublinear functional" that corresponding to an FRN, the concept of the family of star sublinear funtional based on the popular t-conorm (a parameter some families) is introduced with proved that a descending and separating family of star sublinear functional, denoted by produces a FRNS. In addition, the concept of generating space of quasinorm and quasi-norm family (GSQNF) has been presented. Furthermore, the decomposition theorem of a FRN  into a family of quasinorm is formulated. The correlation between FRNS and the quasinorm family's generating space is explored and demonstrated.
Pedestrian mobility management for heterogeneous networks
Authors: Hicham Hachemi Mohammed , Hadj Irid Sidi Mohammed , Benchehima Miloud , Hadjila Mourad
Published: October 2022

Pending the arrival of the next generation of 5G which is not yet deployed in
some countries like Algeria, 4G LTE remains one of the main mobile networks to ensure adequate quality services. Mostly, the deployment of femtocells to support the macrocell structure is crucial in the handover decision process. This paper presents a new approach called the epsilon Kalman Filter with normalized least-mean-square (ϵKFNLMS) to realize the handoff triggering in two-tier long-term evolution networks to ensure communication continuity to the pedestrian UE and improve mobility management. ϵKFNLMS uses a two-step process: a tracking process and a prediction process, to produce an optimal future state estimate at ”t+p”, where ”p” is the prediction footstep. The tracking process is performed by the Kalman filter, known for its precision in the state of the signal at time ”t”. It perfectly reduces the estimation error, injected afterward in the variable step-size NLMS algorithm (VSS-NLMS). While the prediction
process is performed by the VSS-NLMS algorithm, an adaptive filter
known for its prediction of the future state at ”t+p”. Thus, the goal is to achieve a faster convergence with a steady-state. ϵ value provides a precise setting of the handover trigger. Through different numerical simulations in several indoor environments, the results show that the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach (ϵKFNLMS) provide lower mean square error (MSE), stable physical appearance in the prediction process (convergence with a steady-state), and excellent speed of convergence compared to the classical Normalized LMS (NLMS) and Li-NLMS adaptive filters.
Enhancement of traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifier approach for DWDM communication system
Authors: A. Amer Ahmed , Abdulelah Ahmed , A. Mashkor Alaa , Sabbar Adnan
Published: October 2022

In this study, the high performance of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) by using a traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifier (TW-SOA) at a channel spacing of 100 GHz is investigated, in terms of (Q-factor, injected current, transmitted power, gain). The Optisystem software is employed to send the different range of input power over the different ranges of the TW-SOA injected current with optimized TW-SOA parameters. The data rate of trans- mission optical signal up to 300 Gb/s at -35 dB input signal power have been investigated. The better results have been measured of the information signal with high quality and gain, when the range of input power is corresponding to the optimized range of injected current for the signal to be transmitted effec- tively. The present communication also supports various numbers of users with the same data rate of 5 Gb/s which is used to check the high quality of the signal in the receiver.
Vote algorithm based probabilistic model for phishing website detection
Authors: Islam Prottasha Md. Sazzadul Islam , Rahman Md. Zihadur , Hossain ABM Kabir , Mou Samia Ferdous , Ahmed Md. Bulbul , Kaiser M. Shamim
Published: October 2022

Internet scams have been a major concern for everyone over the past decade. With the advancement of technology, attackers have formulated different kinds of contemporary fraudulent procedures to obtain user’s sensitive information. Phishing is one of the oldest and common fraudulent attempts by which every year millions of internet users fall victim to scams resulting in losing their money. Different techniques and algorithms have been proposed by researchers in detecting phishing websites. However, the detection of phishing websites has few challenges since there are different subjective considerations and ambiguities involved in the detection process. This paper presents a two-stage probabilistic method for detecting phishing websites based on the vote algorithm. In the first stage, 29 different base classifiers have been used and their probabilistic values were calculated. In the second stage, the voting algorithm aggregated the probabilistic values of several base classifiers and the phishing websites were detected using the average of probabilities approach. The voting technique achieved an accuracy of 97.431% outperforming all of the single base classifiers in terms of accuracy.
Cryptography based on retina information
Authors: Alrifaee Zainab Ibrahim Abood , Ismaeel Tarik Zeyad
Published: October 2022

The security of message information has drawn more attention nowadays, so; cryptography has been used extensively. This research aims to generate secured cipher keys from retina information to increase the level of security. The proposed technique utilizes cryptography based on retina information. The main contribution is the original procedure used to generate three types of keys in one system from the retina vessel's end position and improve the technique of three systems, each with one key. The distances between the center of the diagonals of the retina image and the retina vessel's end (diagonal center-end (DCE)) represent the first key. The distances between the center of the radius of the retina and the retina vessel's end (radius center-end (RCE)) represent the second key. While the diagonal-radius center and the retina vessel's end (diagonal-radius center-end (DRCE)) represent the third key. The results illustrate the process's validity and applicability. Also, improve the time required to decrypt the cipher-text by a brute force attack (BFA) from (4.358e+139) year in the compared technique to (1.3074e+140) year for retina3. The BFA time will increase with increasing the number of retina vessels, as in retina1, 2, and 3, which have 24, 53, and 103 retina vessels.
Improvement of the LTE handover algorithms in terms of quality of service
Authors: Hakkou Samia , Mazri Tomader , Hmina Nabil
Published: October 2022

With the emergence of new possibilities and user requirements in the field of mobile technology, long term evolution (LTE) is the most popular as it offers high-speed service. LTE is a 4G wireless network developed by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). The implementation of LTE is strongly affected by the quality of service (QoS) when transfer management is the main issue. Handover management allows communication to be maintained when switching from one base station to another. In this paper, we explain that there are several types of transfers that are not efficient in terms of quality of services such as throughput, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and latency. For this purpose, we thought of creating a new algorithm on the A1 and A3 events and the reference signal received quality (RSRQ). Our algorithm is effective compared to other already available algorithms using the NS3 network simulator.
Arabic authorship attribution on Twitter: what is really matters?
Authors: El kah Anoual , El airej Aymane , Zeroual Imad
Published: October 2022

Recently, authorship attribution (AA) of online social networks texts has gained more attention. However, since 2015, when the first work that addressed the AA of Arabic tweets was published, we found that nothing much has been done after that. Thus, the current paper presents an extensive study that investigates the effects of various factors on the AA of Arabic short-texts, especially tweets. This led to a proposed architecture in which the AA accuracy is examined depending on the size of the training dataset, the number of classes covered, the text processing techniques applied, the methods used for both feature selection and extraction, and finally, the classifier implemented. As a result, we performed 792 different tests. The highest accuracy recorded is 97.4%, and it is among the best results published so far.
A secure framework of blockchain technology using CNN long short-term memory hybrid deep learning model
Authors: Chandra Sekhar Gillala , Rajendran Aruna
Published: October 2022

Generation Z is embracing blockchain technology, which is appropriate for the digital age. Internet of things (IoT) can benefit from blockchain technology IoT. The proliferation of IoT technology has led to breakthroughs in distributed system architecture. For the blockchain network to store, communicate, and exchange data, it needs a randomized data management system. This shows how difficult it may be to provide consistent and safe data replication in a distributed system, an issue blockchain technology may overcome. We need a solid prediction model that improves results. This article describes an innovative way to overcome the limitations of third-party transactions using Bitcoin. In this article, convolutional neural networks-long short term memory (CNN-LSTM) deep learning forecasting models are introduced. Convolutional layers help extract relevant data from instances. It has an long short-term memory (LSTM) layer, which lets it find long-and short term dependencies. The experiment's goal was to test the multivariate statistical model we suggested and compare its performance to well-established models. The addition of convolutional layers to a forecasting model may improve its accuracy, according to an experiment. The research shows that this strategy has a better chance of success and is more trustworthy than others.
A survey for the methods of detection and classification of genetic mutations
Authors: Saloom Rana Hikmet , Khafaji Hussein K.
Published: October 2022

Research into pathogenic mutations is vital and useful for understanding illness progression, prognosis, and gene-disease connections. Furthermore, pathogenic mutations might have negative implications, such as the development of illnesses or medical problems. In this article, we critically review published studies that are concerned with the detection of genetic mutations and their types using genomic data. Using the reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis criteria, a complete search was conducted on IEEE, Scopus, the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. In our review, we included 73 papers out of a total of more than 150 that were initially discovered. The most common data types used to detect and predict models are deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and protein sequencing data. The examined models have a good level of accuracy. We devised a methodology for developing a detective and predictive model that takes into account all stages of mutation identification and classification.
A robust 4.0 dual-classifier for determining the internal condition of watermelons using YOLOv4-tiny and sensory
Authors: Adeniji Kehinde A. , Onibonoje Moses O. , Minevesho Agbaje , Ejidokun Temitayo , Omitola Olusegun O.
Published: October 2022

This study presents a robust internet of things (IoT) based approach to solve the challenge of sorting fruit (watermelons) either as a raw material or final product in fruit manufacturing lines. A real-time objection detection technique called you only look once (YOLO) was used in the features detection, extraction, and matching of watermelons. The hardware framework of the system was developed on an Arduino microprocessor which integrates the sensors and camera into the system. The accuracy of the developed classifier is about 88% with a loss of 0.3, with images captured automatically saved on a designated folder which makes the detection and classification of upcoming products in the production line more accurate. The classified watermelons were further categorized into two possible states of ripe or rotten condition with an accuracy rate of 85%-90% with the tested data. These data were sent to the cloud via the Wi-Fi module and can be accessed using the Things Speak website (which is an application programming interface (API) for data retrieval and storage via the internet). An easy download option was incorporated into the system to obtain data from predictions and the cloud to a designated comma separated values (CSV) file locally for documentation and reference.
Benefit–Risk Assessment of Rivaroxaban for Extended Thromboprophylaxis After Hospitalization for Medical Illness
Authors: Raskob Gary E. , Ageno Walter , Albers Gregory , Elliott C. Gregory , Halperin Jonathan , Maynard Gregory , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Weitz Jeffrey I. , Albanese John , Yuan Zhong , Levitan Bennett , Lu Wentao , Suh Eun Young , Spiro Theodore , Lipardi Concetta , Barnathan Elliot S. , Spyropoulos Alex C.
Published: October 2022

Background

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) often occurs after hospitalization in medically ill patients, but the population benefit–risk of extended thromboprophylaxis remains uncertain.

Methods and Results

The MARINER (Medically Ill Patient Assessment of Rivaroxaban Versus Placebo in Reducing Post‐Discharge Venous Thrombo‐Embolism Risk) study (NCT02111564) was a randomized double‐blind trial that compared thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban 10 mg daily versus placebo for 45 days after hospital discharge in medically ill patients with a creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min. The benefit–risk balance in this population was quantified by calculating the between‐treatment rate differences in efficacy and safety end points per 10 000 patients treated. Clinical characteristics of the study population were consistent with a hospitalized medical population at risk for VTE. Treating 10 000 patients with rivaroxaban resulted in 32.5 fewer symptomatic VTE and VTE‐related deaths but was associated with 8 additional major bleeding events. The treatment benefit was driven by the prevention of nonfatal symptomatic VTE (26 fewer events). There was no between‐treatment difference in the composite of critical site or fatal bleeding.

Conclusions

Extending thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban for 45 days after hospitalization provides a positive benefit–risk balance in medically ill patients at risk for VTE who are not at high risk for bleeding.

Registration

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/
; Unique identifier: NCT02111564.
Hemorrhagic Stroke in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Anemia: The Post-STOP Cohort
Authors: Fox Christine K. , Leykina Liza , Hills Nancy K. , Kwiatkowski Janet L. , Kanter Julie , Strouse John J. , Voeks Jenifer H. , Fullerton Heather J. , Adams Robert J. ,   for the Post-STOP Study Group
Published: October 2022

Background:

Hemorrhagic stroke in young patients with sickle cell anemia remains poorly characterized.

Methods:

The Post-STOP (Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia) retrospective study collected follow-up data on STOP and STOP II clinical trial cohorts. From January 2012 to May 2014, a team of analysts abstracted data from medical records of prior participants (all with sickle cell anemia). Two vascular neurologists reviewed data to confirm hemorrhagic strokes defined as spontaneous intracerebral, subarachnoid, or intraventricular hemorrhage. Incidence rates were calculated using survival analysis techniques

Results:

Follow-up data were collected from 2850 of 3835 STOP or STOP II participants. Patients (51% male) were a median of 19.1 (interquartile range, 16.6–22.6) years old at the time of last known status. The overall hemorrhagic stroke incidence rate was 63 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI, 45–87). Stratified by age, the incidence rate per 100 000 person-years was 50 (95% CI, 34–75) for children and 134 (95% CI, 74–243) for adults >18 years. Vascular abnormalities (moyamoya arteriopathy, aneurysm or cavernous malformation) were identified in 18 of 35 patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

Conclusions:

The incidence rate of hemorrhagic stroke in patients with sickle cell anemia increases with age. Structural vascular abnormalities such as moyamoya arteriopathy and aneurysms are common etiologies for hemorrhage and screening may be warranted.
Four novel species from the genus Hantzschia Grunow (Bacillariophyta: Bacillariaceae) from rural areas of Southeast Asia
Authors: MATEUSZ RYBAK , NATALIA KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA , MUZAKY LUTHFI OKTIYAS
Published: October 2022

Southeast Asia is one of the world biodiversity hotspot. The study of diatoms in this area began over a hundred years ago. However, research on taxa inhabiting terrestrial habitats are scarce. As a result, many species are still waiting to be described. In the present paper, four diatom taxa based on observation in light and scanning electron microscopy are described as new: Hantzschia minima sp. nov., H. tokarczukiana sp. nov., H. malaysiana sp. nov. and H. beksinskii sp. nov. For each species information about an associated diatom flora is provided. An additional note about morphology of co-occurred cosmopolitan H. amphioxys is also discussed.
Hohenbergia ymboreorum (Bromeliaceae): a new green-flowered bromeliad from Bahia, Brazil
Authors: CAVALCANTE BRAYAN PAIVA , AONA LIDYANNE YURIKO SALEME , SOUZA EVERTON HILO DE
Published: October 2022

The authors describe Hohenbergia ymboreorum, a new green-flowered species of Bromeliaceae from Bahia state. The new species was found growing in the municipality of Vitoria da Conquista as a terrestrial in a highland transitional area between Atlantic Forest and Caatinga vegetation. This new species is morphologically related to H. minor and H. augusta, but can be easily distinguished by its sparsely white-lanate inflorescence indument, longer and narrower leaves, smaller flowers, with golden-brown floral bracts not hiding the sepals, and the erect petals. Additionally, the conservation status and phenology are discussed, and a table for morphological comparison with the similar taxa is provided.
Environmental anomie and the disruption of physical norms during disaster
Authors: Brown Adrienne R
Published: October 2022

Large-scale disasters cause a wide variety of disruptions across impacted communities. Existing research has broadly addressed the ways in which both social norms and physical features constrain and dictate everyday life. During disasters, vast disruptions occur to both social and physical norms, which can have negative impacts on people’s sensemaking processes. This study uses transcripts from 24 semi-structured interviews conducted with people from Paradise several months after they survived the Camp Fire – at the time, California’s most destructive wildfire. Drawing on Durkheim’s classical theory of anomie along with extensive work done by environmental sociologists about the importance of place, I introduce the concept of environmental anomie. This recognizes the ways in which sudden changes to the physical landscape can upend the established order and can undermine people’s ability to comprehend, relate to, and function within their environment. Expectations from the physical environment are a taken-for-granted authority that guide and constrain the routines of daily living and enable people to locate themselves spatially and temporally. The Camp Fire challenged this authority in a way that mirrors Durkheim’s socially conceived idea of normlessness.