bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of adherence to adrenaline auto-injector use and knowledge retention among c-KIT positive hymenoptera venom allergic patients
Authors: Močnik Tea , Košnik Mitja
Published: February 2024

Backround: Severe anaphylactic reactions in patients with clonal mast cell diseases highlight the importance of an adeptly utilization adrenaline auto-injectors (AI). This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge retention and adherence to AI usage among individuals with hymenoptera venom allergies and a c-KIT positive mutation, receiving venom immunotherapy (VIT) and equipped with two AI devices.
Methods: 71 participants undergoing VIT received personalized education on AI utilization. Knowledge assessments were conducted at varying intervals: 3 months, 4-12 months, 12-24 months, and beyond 24 months post-education. Additionally, fifteen participants, having completed VIT five years prior, underwent re-education via video content, followed by a knowledge assessment one month post-retraining.
Results: The findings highlighted significant differences in knowledge retention across intervals, emphasizing the need for tailored educational approaches. Participants assessed 'after 3 months' demonstrated higher knowledge levels (82.3%) compared to those 'after 12-24 months' (40.0%, p = 0.0160) and 'after 24 months' (22.2%, p = 0.0005). Prolonged post-training periods showed a decline in knowledge (-0.9362). Common AI usage errors included safety cap disregard (16.7%), inadequate force during thigh injection, potential finger injection, and device activation in the upper arm muscle (totaling 19.0%). Moreover, 19.8% failure to administer the AI in the muscle for the requisite 3 seconds, 27% were unaware of assuming a supine position during anaphylaxis, and 14.3% did not seek emergency assistance. In a separate group, 80% lacked AI proficiency after a month, with 73.3% unaware of the second AI administration, and 66.7% without their devices.
Conclussion: This study underscores the critical necessity for continual, customized educational interventions to ensure proficient AI device utilization among individuals with specific venom allergies, particularly those with c-KIT positive status. Relying solely on video content for knowledge reinforcement may not yield optimal efficiency levels.
Revealing the Uncommon: Uveitic Glaucoma as a Distinctive Manifestation of Ocular Tuberculosis
Authors: Dupont Alec , Abou-Jaoude Michelle M. , Ghahari Parichehr , Grubbs James A. , Ghahari Elham
Published: February 2024

Background: This case report presents a woman who recently immigrated to the United States, referred for evaluation of unspecified glaucoma. The aim is to outline her clinical presentation, while emphasizing the complexities in diagnosing and management.
Case presentation: The patient presented with a history of glaucoma diagnosed three years earlier in Senegal, resulting in vision loss in her right eye. The diagnostic evaluation included various ophthalmic assessments, including intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements, pachymetry, gonioscopy, slit-lamp examination, and dilated fundus examinations.
Ophthalmic evaluations revealed signs of uveitic glaucoma, including pigmented keratic precipitates, anterior chamber cell, lens anomalies, and pigmented anterior vitreous cell. A comprehensive systemic investigation was undertaken, involving diverse blood tests and imaging, to identify the underlying cause of her uveitic glaucoma. Systemic analysis uncovered a positive QuantiFERON TB Gold test and positive ANA testing, while other tests ruled out alternative diagnoses.
The patient diagnosed with tuberculous uveitis and initiated a course of anti-tuberculosis medications. At the 3-month follow-up, her IOP remained stable, and the uveitis was inactive. By the 6-month, her left eye showed subjective improvement in vision, while her right eye's vision remained unchanged, and IOP measurements had normalized.
Conclusion: This case underscores the significance of considering tuberculosis as a potential cause of uveitis without significant involvement in other organs, and the intricacies of managing such cases, particularly in pregnant individuals. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can enhance outcomes for patients with tuberculous uveitis.
Acute Helicobacter pylori infection incidence and association with metabolic abnormalities in the general Chinese population: a retrospective study
Authors: Feng Zhan , Chen Lan , Wu Qing , Xu Fan , Tong Qian , Wang Guofu
Published: February 2024

Objective:
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common worldwide, and previous studies on the correlation between H. pylori infection and metabolic abnormalities have provided inconsistent conclusions. We assessed the incidence of acute H. pylori infection and its relationship with metabolic abnormalities in the general Chinese population.
Methods:
Participants attending the physical examination underwent a carbon-13 urea breath test (13C-UBT). For individuals, the following data were collected: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total protein, albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and homocysteine.
Results:
A total of 29154 participants were enrolled. The prevalence of acute H. pylori infection was 29.79% (8684/29154). Spearson correlation analysis showed that gender, BMI, ALB, GLB, TBIL, DBIL, IBIL, and FPG were closely related to H. pylori infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with stepwise subset selection further identified sex, BMI, ALB concentration, GLB concentration, DBIL concentration, and FPG as independent risk factors for acute H. pylori infection.
Conclusion:
Our results indicated that acute H. pylori infection might have a significant impact on metabolic abnormalities, which should be further confirmed.
Modeling Carbon Dioxide Absorption in Choline Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvents Using COSMO-SAC Method
Authors: Rezaei Neda , Sabzi Fatemeh , Parvasi Payam
Published: February 2024

The COnductor-like Screening MOdels-Segment Aactivity Coefficient (COSMO-SAC) is a promising approach for computing activity coefficients in the liquid phase. Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as green solvents to absorb greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), has attracted noticeable attention in research. Despite this, few modeling investigations have employed the COSMO-SAC model for estimating carbon dioxide solubility in choline chloride-based DESs. Our research aimed to overcome the obstacles with group contribution methods’ parameters using the COSMO-SAC model which employs general parameters. In our study, we developed and validated the model using around 80% of the datasets, with the remaining 20% used for testing. The range of average relative deviation varied between 7.64% to 47.84. Furthermore, the calculation results indicated decreased average relative deviations at lower temperatures. The findings exhibited that the model is qualitatively successful in predicting carbon dioxide solubility in choline chloride-based DESs. However, adding more solvents and experimental data to enhance the model’s accuracy would broaden the model’s applicability to various DESs.
Modeling And Enhancing Crude Oil Price Forecasting Using Enhanced Set Algebra-Based Heuristic Algorithm-Based Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Behera Sudersan , Kumar A V S Pavan , Nayak Sarat Chandra
Published: February 2024

This study has two main aspects. Firstly, we combined the Nelder-Mead Simplex Algorithm with the Set Algebra-Based Heuristic Algorithm (SAHA) in order to improve SAHA's capacity to do local searches. This integration resulted in a hybrid learning approach known as ESAHA. After that, we use the Enhanced Simulated Annealing with Hybrid Algorithm (ESAHA) to improve six benchmark functions so that we can see how well ESAHA works. Furthermore, we utilize ESAHA hybrid learning to enhance the weights and biases of an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), resulting in the creation of a hybrid model referred to as ESAHA-ELM. We utilize the ESAHA-ELM model to predict the final price of crude oil datasets. In addition, we employ the SAHA, BMO, PSO, and GA algorithms to train the ELM and generate four alternative models for the purpose of comparison in the forecasting job. In order to examine the predictive accuracy of each model, we utilize the MAPE and MSE error metrics. Additionally, we implement the Prediction of Change in Direction (POCID) statistical test to determine if there are any significant differences between the models. The experimental investigation shows that the ESAHA-ELM model has statistical relevance in accurately capturing the inherent volatility of financial time series. In addition, it surpasses other models such as SAHA-ELM, MBO-ELM, PSO-ELM, and GA-ELM.
The spatiotemporal changes of urban thermal environment influenced by landscape patterns—based on panel data models
Authors: Chen Ting , Liu Chang , Fu Yao
Published: February 2024

Context
With the development of urbanization, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the urban landscape pattern play a decisive role in the intensity of the urban heat island (UHI) effect.
Objectives
Most of the current dynamic studies utilizing single cross-section data are labor-intensive and lack continuity.
Methods
A panel data model was constructed to study the relationship between the UHI effect and landscape pattern in Kunming City from four perspectives from 1995 to 2020.
Results
With the passage of time, the UHI is becoming more and more obvious in Kunming. The variables affecting the surface radiation temperature are different at different scales, and the variables affected by increasing scales are increasing. An ordinary least squares (OLS) model was constructed to verify the reliability of the panel data model results. The normalized water body index (NDWI) has the greatest influence on the surface thermal radiance, and the cooling effect is more obvious with the increase in scale. Unlike previous studies, the spatial configuration of the landscape in Kunming City had a stronger effect on the UHI effect than the landscape grouping and vegetation index.
Conclusion
In this paper, the panel data model is introduced into the discussion of UHIs for the first time. It is also found that the construction of relatively shaped and concentrated green space and the breaking up of the aggregation degree of building land patches are the best ways to improve the UHI.
An electrochemical sensor based on Au nanoparticles for rapid determination of nitrofurazone in aquaculture seawater
Authors: He Yunxia , Chen Jianlei , Zhang Tianruo , Liu Yang , Wang Qingkui , Qu Keming , Cui Zhengguo
Published: February 2024

An electrochemical sensor for the rapid detection of nitrofurazone in aquaculture seawater using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) was constructed. Compared with the unmodified electrode, the modified electrode had higher electrocatalytic activity than the GCE and could be used for the detection of nitrofurazone efficiently. It could be found that the AuNPs modified electrode had higher specific surface area by the characterization of scanning electron microscopy. The effects of parameters such as electro-polymerization cycles for modified electrode preparation, the pH of the electrolyte for the detection of nitrofurazone were optimized. Under optimized experimental conditions, the peak current and concentration of nitrofurazone varied linearly in the range of 3 µM to 100 µM under square wave voltammetry (SWV), with the limit of detection of 0.24µM. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of nitrofurazone in aquaculture seawater, and the spiked recoveries were 96.35%-107% (RSD<4.13%), which indicated that the method has satisfactory accuracy and performance for the detection of nitrofurazone in real seawater.
Photo-Synthesis: Attributed controlled sketch to image translation using Generative Adversarial Networks for assisting criminal identification
Authors: Arora Suvrat , Bhatia Naman , - Shanya , - Netra , Pannu Husanbir Singh , Setia Simran
Published: February 2024

Despite the tremendous advancements in the fields of AI in recent years, these technologies have remained understudied in the legal and forensics domain. For example, the Clearview AI system is able to match an uploaded photo with the database of billions of images collected from social media to assist the law enforcement office. This system has also assisted the Ukrainian government in April 2022 to identify living and dead, according to BBC. We propose a Photo-Synthesis system which aims to assist the criminal identification process by generating images from the available sketches. Manual identification of the criminal solely based on the sketch is cumbersome and inefficient. Photo-Synthesis system works in a two-fold manner. First, it gets a sketch input and converts it to multiple real-looking human images along with attributes-altered versions using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). These candidate images can directly be employed for criminal identity investigation. Secondly, the face recognition sub-system matches the facial attributes of the generated images with those present in a database of law offenders to identify the criminal. The dataset used is the publicly available Face Sketch Database provided by the Chinese University of Hong Kong. We use a series of GANs (ContextualGANs, GFPGANs, DeOldify) to implement sketch-to-image translation. The series of GAN models help to achieve a structural similarity score of 86\% between sketch and image.
The completion rates of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy did not change after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Zhou Juan , Peng Xun , Li Ping , Meng Xue , Hu Man , Zhao Miaoqing , Lin Qinghai , Ru Kun
Published: February 2024

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron pandemic had a global impact on individuals with cancers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Omicron infection on cancer patients in China.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, including 347 patients with cancer who received radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy between July 2022 and March 2023. The patients were divided into three groups: those without SARS-CoV-2 infection during treatment (Non-COVID-19 group), those who began treatment at least 10 days after first testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (≥10-d COVID-19 group), and those who began treatment less than 10 days after first testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (<10-d COVID-19 group). The serum levels of SAA, hsCRP, ALT, etc, were used to assess the severity of inflammation, liver damage, and cardiovascular injury.
Results: The proportion of moderate and severe infected cases was higher in ≥10-d COVID-19 group compared with <10-d COVID-19 group (p=0.0446). Additionally, the serum levels of SAA, hsCRP, IL-6 and PCT, were significantly higher in ≥10-d COVID-19 group (p<0.05). Serum ALT, LDH and HBDH levels were also elevated in ≥10-d COVID-19 group (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in frequency of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and completion rates among three groups.
Conclusion: Omicron infection leads to inflammation, liver damage and cardiovascular injury in cancer patients. Surprisingly, the duration of delay in radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after Omicron infection did not affect completion rates of current therapy, which was not consistent with the recommendations of NCCN guidelines. Moreover, the severity of Omicron infection was worse among cancer patients who received delayed treatment.
3A-COT: An Attend-Arrange-Abstract Chain-of-Thought for Multi-Document Summarization
Authors: Zhang Yongbing , Gao Shengxiang , Huang Yuxin , Yu Zhengtao , Tan Kaiwen
Published: February 2024

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in single-document summarization (SDS). However, there has been limited exploration in multi-document summarization (MDS). The primary challenge in MDS lies in effectively navigating the intricate and complex relationships between multiple documents, including issues such as contradictions, redundancies, and complementarities. Taking inspiration from chain-of-thought (CoT) and how human approaches to MDS, this paper proposes a novel MDS method called Attend-Arrange-Abstract CoT (3A-COT). The method comprises three critical stages. Attend: To alleviate redundancies between multiple documents, key information should be focused first. Therefore, we design an Attend-prompt to extract key elements from each document and generate key information based on these key elements. Arrange: Considering the contradictions and complementarities between these key information, we design an Arrange-prompt to arrange the relationships and connections between these key information across multiple documents to form reasonable logic relationships. Abstract: Finally, an Abstract-prompt is designed to guide the generation of a summary based on the arranged key information. To evaluate 3A-COT, we conduct experiments on four MDS test sets: Multi-News, Human-edited Multi-News, WCEP-10, and Multi-XScience. Experimental results show that 3A-COT outperforms other LLM-based MDS methods. Furthermore, in-depth analysis experiments are conducted to evaluate 3A-COT's efficacy in handling contradictions, redundancies, and complementarities.
Drivers of child marriage in Eastern and Western Provinces in Zambia and effective preventive interventions: Findings from a rapid document review and three stakeholder meetings
Authors: Kabelka Hannah , Zulu Joseph Mumba , Baatsen Pam , Kok Maryse
Published: February 2024

Background
Zambia has one of the highest child marriage rates in the world. Drivers of child marriage are multifaceted, complex and interrelated, firmly embedded in the social and cultural context. This study explored why, despite lower poverty and equal teenage pregnancy levels, child marriage is more prevalent in Eastern than in Western province in Zambia; and what are potential effective preventive interventions. This knowledge is vital for informing the development of effective preventive interventions in Eastern Zambia and beyond.
Methods
Guided by a conceptual framework on drivers of child marriage by Psaki et al. (2021), this study combined a rapid review of the literature on drivers and preventive interventions concerning child marriage relevant to Zambia with three participatory stakeholder meetings in Zambia to discuss, validate and complement findings.
Results
Poverty and lack of opportunity, including low education levels, are among the main drivers of child marriage in Zambia. Influenced by socio-cultural and gender norms and practices, people in the Western and Eastern provinces seem to react differently to teenage pregnancy. In Eastern province, pregnancy is followed by marriage, while in Western province, a historical high value of education makes more pregnant girls to continue school and not marry. Conditional cash transfers to keep girls in school and, to a lesser extent, empowerment interventions emerged as the most effective evidence-informed preventive interventions. Limited acceptability of young people’s sexuality and needs for information and services and too little involvement of traditional and religious leaders need further attention to address child marriage in both provinces.
Conclusion
Interventions to prevent child marriage in Zambia need to focus on the main drivers of the practice. Norm change around the value of education, conditional cash transfer, working towards increased acceptability of sexual and reproductive health information and services for young people, empowerment interventions and strategic alliances with traditional and religious leaders, can contribute to combat child marriage.
Risk factors for hidden blood loss in unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Jin Jian-fang , Chen Hao-ran , Peng Yu-jian , Dai Jun , Wang Qian-liang , Yan Jun
Published: February 2024

Background
An increasing number of lumbar degenerative diseases are being treated with unilateral biportal endoscopic interbody fusion surgery (ULIF). However, hidden blood loss (HBL) is often ignored during this procedure. We investigated the amount and influencing factors of HBL in ULIF surgery in this study.
Methods
Between October 2020 and November 2023, 100 patients were retrospectively examined, and their clinical and radiological data were analyzed. In order to investigate an association between patient characteristics and HBL, Pearson or Spearman correlation analyses were performed.To identify the clinical or radiological factors associated with HBL, multivariate linear regression was carried out .
Results
The mean HBL was 255.84 ± 290.89 ml, accounting for 62.48% of the total blood loss. A Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between HBL and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA)classification (P = 0.009), operation time (P = 0.004), numer of operation level (P = 0.046) and paraspinal muscle thickness (P = 0.043),but a negative relationship with tranexamic acid use (P = 0.001). According to a multivariate linear regression analysis, HBL correlated positively with the ASA classification (P = 0.038) and operation time (P = 0.046), but negatively with the use of tranexamic acid (P = 0.001).
Conclusion
Patients undergoing ULIF surgery incurred a great deal of HBL. More importantly, ASA classification, operation time and tranexamic acid use were independent risk factors for HBL.
Identification and experimental validation of PYCARD as a crucial PANoptosis- related gene for immune response and inflammation in COPD
Authors: Shi Rui , Liang Renwen , Wang Fang , Wang Lueli , Zidai Wuyi , Zhang Jie , Min Luo , Du Xiaohua , Sun Shibo , Xiao Chuang , Li Chaozhong , Liang Xuewu , Chen Alex F. , Yang Weimin
Published: February 2024

Objective
Chronic inflammatory and immune responses play key roles in the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PANoptosis, as a unique inflammatory cell death modality, is involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. We aim to identify critical PANoptosis-related biomarkers and explore their potential effects on respiratory tract diseases and immune infiltration landscapes in COPD.
Methods
Total microarray data consisting of peripheral blood and lung tissue datasets associated with COPD were obtained from the GEO database. PANoptosis-associated genes in COPD were identified by intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with genes involved in pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis after normalizing and removing the batch effect. Furthermore, GO, KEGG, PPI network, WGCNA, LASSO-COX, and ROC curves analysis were conducted to screen and verify hub genes, and the correlation between PYCARD and infiltrated immune cells was analyzed. The effect of PYCARD on respiratory tract diseases and the potential small-molecule agents for the treatment of COPD were identified. PYCARD expression was verified in the lung tissue of CS/LPS-induced COPD mice.
Results
PYCARD was a critical PANoptosis-related gene in all COPD patients. PYCARD was positively related to NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and promoted immune cell infiltration. Moreover, PYCARD was significantly activated in COPD mice mainly by targeting PANoptosis.
Conclusion
PANoptosis-related gene PYCARD is a potential biomarker for COPD diagnosis and treatment.
The nonprofit veterinarian shortage: who will care for the pets most in need?
Authors: Kogut Susanne , Montgomery Meredith L. , Levy Julie K.
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
The national shortage of veterinarians, and the technicians and assistants who support them, has depleted every sector of the profession, including private practices, emergency and specialty clinics, agricultural practices, public health departments, and veterinary college faculty. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the veterinary workforce shortage on veterinary care provided at two types of public practice: 1) veterinary care for cats and dogs housed temporarily in animal sheltering organizations, and 2) veterinary clinics aimed at increasing access to care for animals in the community.
Methods:
Surveys were disseminated to 333 animal sheltering organizations (ASO) receiving a minimum of 2,500 animals annually and 118 access to care clinics (ATCC) that partner with or receive grants from the national animal welfare nonprofit Petco Love. Surveys included questions about staffing and vacant positions for veterinarians and veterinary support staff, current hiring efforts for veterinarians, and delays in animal care.
Results:
A total of 179 ASO completed the survey (54% response rate). Most reported being short-staffed for veterinarians (130/179; 73%) and for veterinary support staff (132/179; 74%). Of 143 ASO answering a question about spay/neuter surgeries,130 (91%) reported having a backlog with a combined total of 18,648 animals awaiting surgery. A total of 57 ATCC responded to the survey (48% response rate). Of these, 41 (72%) reported being short-staffed for both veterinarians and veterinary support staff. As a result, clients were waiting longer than usual for care at 45 clinics (79%), with delays of two months or more at 28 clinics (51%).
Conclusion:
This study highlights the critical impact of severe veterinary workforce shortages on nonprofit organizations responsible for medical care for the most vulnerable cats and dogs. These shortages pose substantial risks to animal welfare, the human-animal bond, and public health.
Intersections of climate change with food systems, nutrition, and health: an overview and evidence map
Authors: Sparling Thalia M. , Offner Claudia , Deeney Megan , Denton Philippa , Bash Kristin , Juel Rachel , Moore Susan , Kadiyala Suneetha
Published: February 2024

Scientific research linking climate change to food systems, nutrition and nutrition-related health (FSNH) has proliferated, showing bidirectional and compounding dependencies that create cascading risks for human and planetary health. Within this proliferation, it is unclear which evidence to prioritise for action, and which research gaps, if filled, would catalyse most impact. We systematically searched for synthesis literature (i.e. reviews) related to FSNH, published after January 1, 2018. We screened and extracted relevant characteristics of these reviews, and mapped them in an interactive Evidence and Gap Map (EGM), supplemented by expert consultation. 844 synthesis reports met inclusion criteria (from 2,739 records) and were included in the EGM. The largest clusters of evidence were those describing climate impacts on crop and animal source food (ASF) production, and emissions from such (86%). Comparatively few reports assessed climate change related to nutrition-related health, or food manufacture, processing, storage, and transportation. Reports focused on strategies of adaptation (40%), mitigation (29%), both (19%) or none (12%). A striking lack of reports critically evaluated equity (25%), and even fewer reports suggesting changes to equity and equitable practices would alter the climate-FSNH dynamic (6%). The expert consultation mirrored the results of the EGM, and contextualised findings further. This novel map describes a wide research landscape linking climate change to FSNH. We identified four key evidence gaps, including 1) Research on whole food systems or post-harvest elements 2) Research evaluating relationships between climate change and nutrition-related health outcomes, especially among vulnerable populations; 3) Promising methods (and additional data required) that can a) identify inflection points or levers for intervention, b) incorporate complex dynamics and characterize trade-offs, c) be understood and applied in context-specific, localised ways for decision-making; and 4) Promoting interdisciplinary collaborations that enable producing and translating evidence to action, especially those that inherently consider co-production and fairness.
The Ykt6-Snap29-Syx13 SNARE complex promotes crinophagy via secretory granule fusion with Lamp1 carrier vesicles
Authors: Szenci Győző , Glatz Gábor , Takáts Szabolcs , Juhász Gábor
Published: February 2024

In the Drosophila larval salivary gland, developmentally programmed fusions between lysosomes and secretory granules (SGs) and their subsequent acidification promote the maturation of SGs that are secreted shortly before puparium formation. Subsequently, ongoing fusions between non-secreted SGs and lysosomes give rise to degradative crinosomes, where the superfluous secretory material is degraded. Lysosomal fusions control both the quality and quantity of SGs, however, its molecular mechanism is incompletely characterized. Here we identify the R-SNARE Ykt6 as a novel regulator of crinosome formation, but not the acidification of maturing SGs. We show that Ykt6 localizes to Lamp1 + carrier vesicles, and forms a SNARE complex with Syntaxin 13 and Snap29 to mediate fusion with SGs. These Lamp1 carriers represent a distinct vesicle population that are functionally different from canonical Arl8+, Cathepsin L + lysosomes, which also fuse with maturing SGs but are controlled by another SNARE complex composed of Syntaxin 13, Snap29 and Vamp7. Ykt6- and Vamp7-mediated vesicle fusions also determine the fate of SGs, as loss of either of these SNAREs prevents crinosomes from acquiring endosomal PI3P. Our results highlight that fusion events between SGs and different lysosome-related vesicle populations are critical for fine regulation of the maturation and crinophagic degradation of SGs.
Classificação de Séries Temporais Por Meio de Random Forest para Previsão em Curto Prazo de Fenômenos De Sobreirradiância em Natal-RN
Authors: Fernandes Arthur , Dória Neto Adrião Duarte , Emiliavaca Samira , Reis Jean
Published: February 2024

A sobreirradiância é um fenômeno meteorológico que ocorre quando a radiação solar incidente excede significativamente os níveis normais esperados para uma determinada região ou período de tempo. Esse evento vem despertado interesse acadêmico devido aos possíveis danos econômicos causados em Unidades de Geração Fotovoltaicas de larga escala. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo inédito acerca da previsão em curto prazo de tal fenômeno. Durante essa análise se adotou como procedimento principal um esquema de classificação de séries temporais alimentado por um dataset de variáveis climatológicas colhido na cidade de Natal-RN por meio de uma estação solarimétrica localizada no Instituto SENAI de inovação em energias renováveis por um período de 7 anos e com uma resolução de 1 minuto.
La problematización de la minería en Argentina. Un estudio a partir de las Provincias de Jujuy y San Juan
Authors: Godfrid Julieta , Duárez Jorge
Published: February 2024

Este artículo analiza la problematización de la minería en Argentina y su impacto en la institucionalidad del sector minero. A partir de un abordaje cualitativo, se estudian dos estados subnacionales que promueven la minería, las provincias de Jujuy y de San Juan. Se evidencia que, en el contexto de conflictos socioambientales, la minería fue socialmente problematizada, lo cual presionó a los estados subnacionales a introducir cambios institucionales. El análisis indaga en torno a los repertorios de acción colectiva de las poblaciones locales, la construcción de redes de actores para visibilizar la problemática, así como en los factores morales y cognitivos que influyeron en la problematización de la minería en Argentina.
Stosunek do samobójstwa w wypowiedziach autorów biblijnych i ich kontekst narratywno-kulturowy
Authors: Lemański Janusz
Published: February 2024

Temat samobójstwa w Biblii, jeśli spojrzymy na niego powierzchownie, wydaje się być traktowany z pewną dozą zrozumienia, a nawet jako akceptowalne rozwiązanie w sytuacjach „bez wyjścia”. Często jest ono przedstawiane, zwłaszcza w tekstach deuteronomistycznych, jako wybór mniejszego zła – by uniknąć poniżenia, tortur lub sytuacji określanych mianem „śmierci publicznej”. W tekstach z epoki hellenistycznej (1–2 Mch) decyzja o popełnieniu samobójstwa jest nawet przykładem bohaterstwa lub honorowego rozwiązania. Niektóre wypowiedzi z przełomu epok perskiej i hellenistycznej (Księgi Tobiasza i Jonasza) wykazują jednak tendencje do pokazania alternatywnych rozwiązań i potrzeby większego zaufania wobec Boga. W ten sposób trzeba rozumieć również ewangelijny opis samobójczej śmierci Judasza.
Cancer Pathways Targeted by Berberine: Role of microRNAs
Authors: Ali Mansoor , Mishra Deepali , Singh Rana Pratap
Published: February 2024

:

Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous malignant disease. Due to its multifactorial
nature, including progressive changes in genetic, epigenetic, transcript, and protein
levels, conventional therapeutics fail to save cancer patients. Evidence indicates that
dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis,
metastasis, cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and signaling pathways. Moreover,
miRNAs can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets
in cancer. Berberine, a naturally occurring plant alkaloid, has a wide spectrum of biological
activities in different types of cancers. Inhibition of cell proliferation, metastasis, migration,
invasion, and angiogenesis, as well as induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
in cancer cells, is reported by berberine. Recent studies suggested that berberine regulates
many oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs implicated in different phases of
cancer. This review discussed how berberine inhibits cancer growth and propagation
and regulates miRNAs in cancer cells. And how berberine-mediated miRNA regulation
changes the landscape of transcripts and proteins that promote or suppress cancer progression.
Overall, the underlying molecular pathways altered by berberine and miRNA
influencing the tumor pathophysiology will enhance our understanding to combat the
malignancy.
Repurposing of Antidiarrheal Loperamide for Treating Melanoma by
Inducing Cell Apoptosis and Cell Metastasis Suppression In vitro and
In vivo
Authors: Yang Shuping , Li Zhi , Pan Mingyue , Ma Jing , Pan Zeyu , Zhang Peng , Cao Weiling
Published: February 2024

Background:

Melanoma is the most common skin tumor worldwide and still lacks effective therapeutic agents in clinical practice. Repurposing of existing drugs for clinical tumor
treatment is an attractive and effective strategy. Loperamide is a commonly used anti-diarrheal
drug with excellent safety profiles. However, the affection and mechanism of loperamide in melanoma remain unknown. Herein, the potential anti-melanoma effects and mechanism of loperamide were investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:

In the present study, we demonstrated that loperamide possessed a strong inhibition in
cell viability and proliferation in melanoma using MTT, colony formation and EUD incorporation
assays. Meanwhile, xenograft tumor models were established to investigate the anti-melanoma activity of loperamide in vivo. Moreover, the effects of loperamide on apoptosis in melanoma cells
and potential mechanisms were explored by Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, reactive oxygen species level detection, and apoptosis-correlation proteins analysis. Furthermore, loperamide-suppressed melanoma metastasis was studied by
migration and invasion assays. What’s more, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence
staining assays were applied to demonstrate the mechanism of loperamide against melanoma in vivo. Finally, we performed the analysis of routine blood and blood biochemical, as well as hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, in order to investigate the safety properties of loperamide.

Results:

Loperamide could observably inhibit melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
Meanwhile, loperamide induced melanoma cell apoptosis by accumulation of the sub-G1 cells
population, enhancement of reactive oxygen species level, depletion of mitochondrial membrane
potential, and apoptosis-related protein activation in vitro. Of note, apoptosis-inducing effects
were also observed in vivo. Subsequently, loperamide markedly restrained melanoma cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, loperamide was witnessed to have an amicable
safety profile.

Conclusion:

These findings suggested that repurposing of loperamide might have great potential
as a novel and safe alternative strategy to cure melanoma via inhibiting proliferation, inducing
apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and suppressing migration and invasion.
Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Para-Substituted 2-Hydroxymethyl
Piperazine
Authors: Liang Zijian , Guo Liyuan , Li Qian , Liu Chunyan , Liu Chao , Wu Shi
Published: February 2024

2-Hydroxymethyl piperazine is a crucial structural unit and essential intermediate in the
drug development process. However, there are few reported methods for synthesizing 2-
hydroxymethyl piperazine substituted at position 5. Herein, the 2-hydroxymethyl piperazines are synthesized
from serine methyl ester hydrochloride and N-Boc-L-amino acids through a four-step reaction
of condensation, deprotection, cyclisation, and reduction. This synthetic route has several advantages,
including mild reaction conditions, availability of reagents, non-racemic composition, and
the potential for gram-scale synthesis. In this study, we present a mild and effective synthetic method
for preparing para-substituted 2-hydroxymethyl piperazine.
Hyperoside Inhibits RNF8-mediated Nuclear Translocation of β-catenin to Repress
PD-L1 Expression and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhao Yi , Wang Xiaoli , Zang Long , Yin Dengke , Tan Song
Published: February 2024

Background:

Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside isolated from Hypericum perforatum L. that has
inhibitory effects on cancer cells; however, its effects on prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. Therefore, we
studied the anti-PCa effects of hyperoside and its underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.

Aim:

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of hyperoside in anti-PCa.

Methods:

3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-Thiazolyl)-2,5-Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT), transwell, and flow cytometry
assays were used to detect PCa cell growth, invasion, and cell apoptosis. Immunoblot analysis, immunofluorescence,
immunoprecipitation, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to analyze the antitumor
mechanism of hyperoside.

Results:

Hyperoside inhibited PCa cell growth, invasion, and cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore,
RING finger protein 8 (RNF8), an E3 ligase that assembles K63 polyubiquitination chains, was predicted to be a
direct target of hyperoside and was downregulated by hyperoside. Downregulation of RNF8 by hyperoside impeded
the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and disrupted the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which reduced the expression
of the target genes c-myc, cyclin D1, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Decreased PD-L1 levels
contributed to induced immunity in Jurkat cells in vitro. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that hyperoside
significantly reduced tumor size, inhibited PD-L1 and RNF8 expression, and induced apoptosis in tumor tissues
of a subcutaneous mouse model.

Conclusion:

Hyperoside exerts its anti-PCa effect by reducing RNF8 protein, inhibiting nuclear translocation of
β-catenin, and disrupting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, in turn reducing the expression of PD-L1 and improving
Jurkat cell immunity.
A Comprehensive Review on Potential Molecular Drug Targets for the
Management of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Sharma Chanchal , Mazumder Avijit
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an onset and incurable neurodegenerative disorder that has
been linked to various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Recent research has revealed
several potential targets for drug development, such as the prevention of Aβ production and removal,
prevention of tau hyperphosphorylation, and keeping neurons alive. Drugs that target numerous ADrelated
variables have been developed, and early results are encouraging. This review provides a
concise map of the different receptor signaling pathways associated with Alzheimer's Disease, as
well as insight into drug design based on these pathways. It discusses the molecular mechanisms of
AD pathogenesis, such as oxidative stress, aging, Aβ turnover, thiol groups, and mitochondrial activities,
and their role in the disease. It also reviews the potential drug targets, in vivo active agents, and
docking studies done in AD and provides prospects for future drug development. This review intends
to provide more clarity on the molecular processes that occur in Alzheimer's patient's brains, which
can be of use in diagnosing and preventing the condition.
Effect of Flavonoids against Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Varshney Himanshi , Siddique Yasir Hasan
Published: February 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. It
is characterized by the depletion of striatal dopamine content and aggregation of alphasynuclein
in the substantia nigra (SN). It is possible to treat the symptoms of PD with a variety
of medications, but they often result in complications and are not able to cure or stop the progression
of the disease. Flavonoids (the phytocomponents present in almost all fruits and vegetables)
are the class of secondary metabolites that have generated a peak of interest because of
their medicinal properties, including a reduction in the risk of PD. Several flavonoids such as
quercetin, kaempferol, hesperitin, anthocyanin and many more have been reported for their anti-
Parkinson’s effect. This review deals with the neuroprotective benefits of different classes of
flavonoids against PD
Molecular Pathway, Epidemiological Data and Treatment Strategies of
Fungal Infection (Mycoses): A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Namrata , Kumari Vibha , Agrawal Karan , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: February 2024

The recent increase in fungal infections is a health crisis. This surge is directly tied
to the increase in immunocompromised people caused by changes in medical practice, such as
the use of harsh chemotherapy and immunosuppressive medicines. Immunosuppressive disorders
such as HIV have exacerbated the situation dramatically. Subcutaneous or superficial fungal
infections can harm the skin, keratinous tissues, and mucous membranes. This category includes
some of the most common skin disorders that impact millions of people worldwide. Despite
the fact that they are seldom fatal, they can have a catastrophic impact on a person's quality
of life and, in rare situations, spread to other people or become obtrusive. The majority of
fungal infections under the skin and on the surface are simply and quickly cured. An opportunistic
organism that preys on a weak host or a natural intruder can both result in systemic fungal
infections. Furthermore, it might be exceedingly lethal and dangerous to one's life. Dimorphic
fungi may pose a hazard to healthy populations that are not exposed to endemic fungi. Increased
surveillance, the availability of quick, noninvasive diagnostic tests, monitoring the
emergence of antifungal medication resistance, and research on the pathophysiology, prevention,
and management of fungal infections are just a few potential solutions to these new health
problems. The goal of this review is to summarize the data available for fungal infections and
the different therapies which are involved in their treatment. Additionally, it also summarizes
the molecular and scientific data of the plants which contain anti-fungal activity. Data are acquired
using Google, PubMed, Scholar, and other online sources.
Machine Learning Based Secure Routing Protocol with Uav-assisted for
Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Sree A Divya , Sharma Kapil
Published: February 2024

Aims and Background:

The topology and communication links of vehicular adhoc
networks, or VANETs, are always changing due to the transient nature of automobiles. VANETs
are a subset of MANETs that have applications in the transportation sector, specifically in Intelligent
Transportation Systems (ITS). Routing in these networks is challenging due to frequent
link detachments, rapid topological changes, and high vehicle mobility.

Methods:

As a result, there are many obstacles and constraints in the way of creating an effective
routing protocol that satisfies latency restrictions with minimal overhead. Malicious vehicle detection
is also a crucial role in VANETs. Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicles(UAVs) can be useful for
overcoming these constraints. This study examines the utilize of UAVs operating in an adhoc
form and cooperating via cars VANETs to aid in the routing and detection of hostile vehicles.
VANET is a routing protocol. The proposed UAV-assisted routing protocol (VRU) incorporates
two separate protocols for routing data: (1) a protocol called VRU_vu for delivering data packets
amid vehicles with the assist of UAVs, and (2) a protocol called VRU_u for routing data packets
amid UAVs.

Results:

To estimate the efficacy of VRU routing objects in a metropolitan setting, we run the
NS-2.35 simulator under Linux Ubuntu 12.04. Vehicle and UAV motions can also be generated
with the help of the mobility generator VanetMobiSim and the mobility simulation software MobiSim.

Conclusion:

According to the results of the performance analysis, the VRU-protocol is able to
outperform the other evaluated routing protocols in terms of packet-delivery-ratio (by 17 percent)
&detection-ratio (9 percent). The VRU protocol cuts overhead near 41% and reduces end-to-enddelay
in mean of 15%.
Delay and Fairness Analysis of C-RAN for Single and Multi Scheduling
Domain Strategies
Authors: Dubey Prasanna , Upadhyay Raksha , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Bhat Vijay
Published: February 2024

Background:

Centralized Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is the most promising network
architecture for next-generation communication networks. It meets the need for flexibility on
fronthaul as well as large bandwidth on backhaul of the network. All along, scheduling is very important
for the transmission of information in an organized manner. C-RAN has not been studied
with the scheduling domain strategies yet in the literature.

Objective:

In this work, packet transmission duration, overall transmission time, wait time, and
fairness index parameters have been calculated and analysed for C-RAN architecture for two different
scheduling domains. The total transmission cycle time parameter is calculated for the three
upper functional split options of C-RAN. The overall transmission time is a parameter calculated
for the entire uplink channel.

Methods:

To implement the network scenario, extensive scripting is done on MATLAB Editor for
single scheduling domain (SSD) and multi-scheduling domain (MSD) for three higher functional
split options of C-RAN. The data traffic generated in the network is considered random.

Results:

A closer examination of results reveals the advantages and disadvantages of both algorithms,
as well as trade-offs between them.

Conclusion:

For quicker data transmission, SSD should be preferred whereas MSD should be preferred
if multiple users want to access resources simultaneously. Lower functional split options of
C-RAN require less transmission cycle time. The MSD technique is fairer than SSD.