bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vertically Stacked Passive Silicon Photonic Chiplet by µ-Transfer Printing
Authors: Kou Rai , Cong Guangwei , Yamamoto Noritsugu , Kawashima Hitoshi , Maegami Yuriko , Murai Toshiya , Tsuchizawa Tai , Noriki Akihiro , Amano Takeru , Yamada Koji
Published: July 2023

We device double-layer stacked silicon photonic MMIs by µ-Transfer Printing. A 900×100-µm2-size chiplet consisting of a 220/60-nm-thick silicon core/slab structure is transferred twice onto thermal- and TEOS-SiO2 under-cladding layers.
Integrated, Compact, and Tunable Band-Interleaving of a Kerr Comb Source
Authors: Wang Songli , Novick Asher , Rizzo Anthony , Parsons Robert , Sanyal Swarnav , McNulty Karl Jacob , Kim Bok Young , Okawachi Yoshitomo , Wang Yuyang , Gaeta Alexander , Lipson Michal , Bergman Keren
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate band-interleaving of a Kerr comb via a wide-FSR dual-ring RAMZI filter. A sharp filter roll-off of 63.6 dB/nm is measured with a total functional band-width >36 nm with broadband crosstalk suppression ≥14 dB.
Programmable All-Optical Talbot Amplifier Using XPM-Based Discrete Multilevel Time-Lens
Authors: Driouche Youcef , Mwamsojo Nickson , Hamdi Rachid , Benkelfat Badr-Eddine
Published: July 2023

We propose a programmable XPM-based Talbot amplifier where the gain factor is optically reconfigurable. The general equations of phase modulation and dispersion allow us to achieve different gain factors with a fixed dispersive medium.
High-speed Optical Sampling with an Optically Injected Mode-locked Laser Diode
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Filipa , Gomes Tiago , Cataluna Maria Ana
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a novel method for high-speed optical sampling by cavity tuning (OSCAT), with an optically injected mode-locked quantum-dot laser. We achieved the highest reported scan rate (20MHz), with acquisition times of tens of nanoseconds. 2022 The Authors
Proof-of-concept of a 90-port optical time reverser over 90nm bandwidth and two planes of phase manipulation
Authors: Mounaix M. , Fontaine N.K. , Neilson D. , Carpenter J.
Published: July 2023

We characterize an experimental device that embodies a wavelength selective switch, a wavelength blocker and a multi plane light conversion in series, with the potential of controlling independently 90 spatial ports over 90nm bandwidth.
Nonlinear optics in 2D materials and their on-chip integration
Authors: Tomazio Nathália , Rehan Mohd , Gerosa Rodrigo M. , Cadore Alisson R. , de Matos Christiano J. S.
Published: July 2023

The nonlinear optical characterization of a range of two-dimensional (2D) and lamellar materials will be presented, highlighting frequency conversion applications. Their on-chip integration with photonic waveguides will then be described and discussed.
Self-starting, 3-element 1-GHz Kerr-lens Modelocked Ti:sapphire Laser Pumped by a Single Laser Diode
Authors: Ostapenko Hanna , Mitchell Toby , Castro-Marin Pablo , Reid Derryck T.
Published: July 2023

We report a 1-GHz Kerr-lens-modelocked Ti:sapphire laser oscillator consisting of three elements and producing 111-fs pulses with an average output power >100 mW using one 1 W multi-mode green pump diode.
Characterization and compression of ultrashort pulses from mode-locked laser diodes using dispersion-scan
Authors: Gomes Tiago dos Santos , Crespo Helder , Cataluna Maria Ana
Published: July 2023

We present the first demonstration of d-scan to compress and characterize ultrashort pulses from a mode-locked laser diode, enabling sub-ps pulse durations and the detection of strong pulse asymmetries, as well as small pulse instabilities.
Zero-Change CMOS Nanophotonics: Converting Foundry Semiconductor Chips to Plasmonic Electro-optic Modulators
Authors: ElKabbash Mohamed , Harris Isaac , Trajtenberg-Mills Sivan , Bandyopadhyay Saumil , Chen Xibi , Ibrahim Mohamed I. , Han Ruonan , Englund Dirk
Published: July 2023

We create nanophotonic devices using CMOS foundry processes where the top metal layers exhibit a plasmonic resonance. By integrating liquid crystals and applying a bias, we measure a 20 nm resonance shift at ~700 nm.
Enhanced Band Filling Effect and Broadband Multi-wavelength Lasing in Plasmonic Nanocavities
Authors: Xu Jialu , Zhang Taiping , Li Yongzhuo , Wang Zhen , Zhang Jianxing , Kan Qiang , Zhang Ruikang , Ning Cunzheng
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate size-confinement enhanced band filling effect to tune bandgap with low pump energy of 10-2 fJ/meV and large bandgap tunability of 263 meV. Broadband multi-wavelength lasing covering communication band is realized using plasmonic nanocavities.
A Universal Approach to Nanophotonic Inverse Design through Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Butz Marco , Leifhelm Alexander , Becker Marlon , Risse Benjamin , Schuck Carsten
Published: July 2023

We present a novel method to perform universal black-box optimization of pixel-discrete nanophotonic devices based on reinforcement learning. We demonstrate the capabilities of our method for a silicon-on-insulator waveguide-mode converter with > 95% conversion efficiency.
Overcoming the Imaging Limits of High-Energy Particle Detection via Nanophotonic Inverse-Design
Authors: Shultzman Avner , Segal Ohad , Kurman Yaniv , Roques-Carmes Charles , Kaminer Ido
Published: July 2023

We present inverse-designed multilayer nanophotonic scintillators with optimal efficiency, directionality, and point-spread function, for applications in x-ray imaging.
Programmable Mode/Wavelength Demultiplexer using Inverse-designed Low-loss Phase-change Material
Authors: Jiao Ziyu , Wu Changming , Yu Heshan , Takeuchi Ichiro , Ríos Carlos , Li Mo
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a non-volatile optically programmable inverse-designed demultiplexer based on low-loss phase change material Sb2Se3 integrated MMI that can be reconfigured both as mode and wavelength demultiplexers.
Colossal Birefringence from Periodic Structural Modulations
Authors: Mei Hongyan , Ren Guodong , Zhao Boyang , Salman Jad , Jung Gwan-Yeong , Chen Huandong , Thind Arashdeep S. , Cavin John , Hachtel Jordan A. , Chi Miaofang , Niu Shanyuan , Joe Graham , Wan Chenghao , Settineri Nick , Teat Simon J. , Chakoumakos Bryan C. , Ravichandran Jayakanth , Mishra Rohan , Kats Mikhail A.
Published: July 2023

We introduce structural modulation as a new mechanism for achieving colossal optical anisotropy. Modulated nonstoichiometric material Sr9/8TiS3 is shown to have an extraordinary refractive index ne = 4.5 and ordinary refractive index no = 2.4 in the mid-infrared range.
Role of Order and Layers on the Polarimetric Response of Self-assembled, Metaphotonic Films
Authors: Feng J. , Weng X. , Rakheja A. , Alcalde A. Gonzalez , Arteaga O. , Perry A. J. , Vuong L. T.
Published: July 2023

The polarized diffraction from conducting-polymer nanofibrous hollow spheres is varied with film doping, layering, and multiple scales of order (fiber, grain, and crystal). We characterize the metaphotonic response of varied structures for future information-processing applications.
Dual comb ranging: methodologies, systems and applications
Authors: Wu Guanhao , Zhou Siyu , Yang Yuetang , Ni Kai
Published: July 2023

Dual-comb ranging is a powerful tool for absolute distance measurement. Here, we introduce dual-comb ranging’s principle, noise suppression technologies, and applications in measuring space camera deformation and satellite antenna.
Impact of Strong Atmospheric Turbulence on Two-Way Optical Time Transfer
Authors: Sinclair Laura C. , Caldwell Emily D. , Deschenes Jean-Daniel , Bergeron Hugo , Swann William C. , Newbury Nathan R.
Published: July 2023

Frequency comb based optical time transfer can provide femtosecond-level timing which will support future clock networks. However, for long-distance terrestrial links, non-reciprocal atmospheric turbulence induces a timing penalty. Here, we quantify this penalty.
Cavity-Enhanced Dual-Comb Spectroscopy in the Fingerprint Region with Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors: Markus Charles R. , Hayden Jakob , Herman Daniel I. , Kocheril Philip A. , Ober Douglas C. , Bashiri Termeh , Mangold Markus , Okumura Mitchio
Published: July 2023

A quantum cascade frequency comb operating near 9.5 µm (1050 cm-1) is coupled to a high finesse optical cavity. We demonstrate cavity-enhanced spectroscopy of methanol vapor via dual-comb detection of the cavity transmission.
Accurate Measurement and Assignment of High Rotational Energy Levels of the 3ν3 ← ν3 Band of Methane
Authors: Hjältén Adrian , de Oliveira Vinicius Silva , Silander Isak , Rosina Andrea , Rutkowski Lucile , Soboń Grzegorz , Lehmann Kevin K. , Foltynowicz Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

We use optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy with a high-power continuous wave pump and a cavity-enhanced comb probe to expand sub-Doppler measurements of the 3ν3←ν3 band of CH4 to higher rotational levels. We assign the final states using combination differences, i.e., by reaching the same state using different pump/probe combinations.
Periodic energy exchange in transient cavity-cavity strong coupling at terahertz frequency
Authors: Ma Ruobin , Lu Yao , Wu Qiang , Xu Jingjun
Published: July 2023

We investigate the transient process of strong coupling between two terahertz (THz) microcavities, unveiling a Rabi-like oscillation in the coupling system featured by a periodic energy exchange between the two microcavities.
3D Laser Printing of Form Birefringent Polymeric Structures
Authors: Gailevičius D. , Paipulas D. , Hada S. , Kretkowski M. , Mizeikis V.
Published: July 2023

We report on the fabrication of form birefringent structures using 3D laser printing technique and describe optical properties of the fabricated samples. By employing 3D periodic structures instead of the simple 1D gratings that are typically used, we were able to realize mechanically robust form birefringent structures whose thickness and optical length of the birefringent region can be increased without loss of the mechanical stability, and achieve the quarter- and half-wave phase retardation levels needed in many applications. In the future, similar structures may become useful as the building blocks of polymeric photonic devices.
Attojoule/bit Folded Thin Film Lithium Niobate Coherent Modulators using Air-Bridge Structures
Authors: Xu Mengyue , Zhu Yuntao , Tang Jin , Wang Jingyi , Ma Huixiao , Yu Siyuan , Zheng Bofang , Cai Xinlun
Published: July 2023

We report on an air-bridge-assisted folded thin-film lithium niobate coherent modulator, enabling driverless 703 Gb/s/carrier line data rate transmissions over 1120 km with an ultralow electrical power consumption of 479 aJ/bit.
Low Loss Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Modulator with T-Rail Electrodes on Quartz Substrate Fabricated by Photolithography
Authors: Tang Yongqian , Li Heng , Chen Quanan , Dai Xiangyang , Lu Qiaoyin , Lu Mingzhi , Guo Weihua
Published: July 2023

We fabricated high-performance thin-film lithium niobate modulators with T-rail electrodes through photolithography. The 10-mm-long device shows a half-wave voltage of 2.2 V, fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 3.9 dB, 2-dB EO bandwidth of 67 GHz.
Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Electro-Optic Modulators with Integrated Silicon Photonic Thermo-Optic Phase Shifters
Authors: Boynton Nicholas A. , Friedmann Thomas A. , Arterburn Shawn C. , Musick Katherine M. , Boady Matthew S. , Starbuck Andrew L. , Trotter Douglas C. , Pomerene Andrew S. , Kodigala Ashok , Lentine Anthony L. , Morton Paul A. , Gehl Michael R.
Published: July 2023

TFLN/silicon photonic modulators featuring active silicon photonic components are reported with a Vπ of 3.6 Vcm. This hybrid architecture utilizes the bottom of the buried oxide as the bonding surface which features minimum topology.
High Dose-Rate MeV Electron Beam from a Tightly-Focused Femtosecond IR Laser in Ambient Air: A Radiation Safety Issue
Authors: Vallières Simon , Powell Jeffrey , Connell Tanner , Evans Michael , Fourmaux Sylvain , Payeur Stéphane , Lassonde Philippe , Fillion-Gourdeau François , MacLean Steve , Légaré François
Published: July 2023

We present a straightforward method to generate MeV-ranged, high dose-rate electrons in ambient air by tightly focusing a mJ-class femtosecond laser. The ability to reach relativistic intensities in ambient conditions leads to significant radiation safety concerns.
Nonlinear Regenerative Amplifier with Net Negative Nonlinearity for Ultrashort-Pulse Generation
Authors: Feng Chengyong , Holcomb Robert , Jenkins Gregory W. , Dorrer Christophe , Bromage Jake
Published: July 2023

We exploit self-defocusing nonlinearity from phase-mismatched second-harmonic-generation for nonlinear spectral broadening in a Yb:YAG thin-disk regen. We demonstrate direct amplification of 10-µ J, 1.2-ps pulses to 0.47 mJ with broadened spectrum that can support <400-fs pulses.
Supermode Evolution in Dual Element Coupled VCSEL Arrays
Authors: North William , Choquette Kent D.
Published: July 2023

We show the experimental evolution for the spectra and far-field profile of supermodes from a coherent dual-element VCSEL array. Under coherent operation, the far-field beam profile is related to the relative amplitudes of the supermodes.
Frequency-angular resolving LiDAR using chip-scale acousto-optic beam steering
Authors: Li Bingzhao , Lin Qixuan , Li Mo
Published: July 2023

We report a new beam steering technique and the LiDAR system it enables, based on acousto-optic beam steering (AOBS) integrated on a chip to scatter light from a planar waveguide into free space.
Demonstrated InP-Based Optical Phase Arrays with Low-Power Consumption
Authors: Tan Su , Dai Xiangyang , Lou Jiajun , Liu Can , Chen Quanan , Jiang Chun , Lu Qiaoyin , Lu Mingzhi , Guo Weihua
Published: July 2023

The 32 channels low-power consumption InP-based optical phase arrays was demonstrated, achieving a steering angle of 30°, power consumption of OPA is less than 7.6mW.
Optical Phased Array Super-Cell Beyond the Reticle Limit
Authors: Guglielmon Jonathan , Byrd Matthew J. , Moss Benjamin R. , Tran James , Millman Ronald P. , Watts Michael R. , Poulton Christopher V.
Published: July 2023

We present an optical phased array super-cell spanning four reticles and containing over 49,152 active elements. The device enables cross-reticle light routing between 24 OPAs, along with coherent combination using intra- and inter-reticle IQ receivers.
Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation and Measurement (OAWG/OAWM) Enabling 320 GBd 32QAM Transmission
Authors: Drayss Daniel , Fang Dengyang , Sherifaj Alban , Peng Huanfa , Füllner Christoph , Henauer Thomas , Lihachev Grigory , Freude Wolfgang , Randel Sebastian , Kippenberg Tobias , Zwick Thomas , Koos Christian
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate optical arbitrary waveform generation at a record-high bandwidth of 325 GHz by phase-stabilized superimposing of four tributary signals. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we use the scheme to generate 320 GBd 32QAM data signals, which are transmitted over 87 km and received by an optical arbitrary waveform measurement system.
Ultracoherent Diamond Nanomechanical Resonators Protected by A Phononic Band Gap
Authors: Li Xinzhu , Lekavicius Ignas , Wang Hailin
Published: July 2023

We report the design, fabrication and characterization of diamond cantilevers embedded in a phononic crystal lattice. The ultracoherent mechanical modes feature Q-factors exceeding 106 at frequencies as high as 100 MHz.
Multimode Phonon Lasing in Diamond Optomechanical Crystals
Authors: El-Sayed Waleed , Zohari Elham , Losby Joseph E. , Barclay Paul E.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a diamond optomechanical crystal whose angled side-walls allow it to support two high-frequency mechanical modes with high optomechani-cal coupling, permitting the observation of two-mode self-oscillation indicative of coherent phonon-photon and phonon-phonon interactions.
Direct Shear Force Measurement by a GaN Nanopillar LED Based Tactile Sensor
Authors: Dvořák Nathan , Yi Xili , Fazeli Nima , Ku Pei-Cheng
Published: July 2023

The response of a GaN nanopillar based tactile sensor to a shear force is investigated. Two different materials were used to apply the force to understand how the tactile sensor responds to different slipping conditions.
Radial Vibration Measurement Based on Slope-assisted BOCDA Enabled by Multi-core Fiber
Authors: Chen Shuyan , He Huan , Zhao Zhiyong , Fu Songnian , Tang Ming
Published: July 2023

We propose a novel SA-BOCDA sensor based on multicore fiber. By subtracting the output probe powers of two symmetrical outer cores, response enhanced vibration detection is realized without frequency scanning.
Traffic Vibration Localizing and Analyzing Using Urban Fiber Network
Authors: Wang Guan , Pang Zhongwang , Wang Fangmin , Chen Yufeng , Dai Hongfei , Wang Bo
Published: July 2023

Urban fiber cable is explored as a sensing network to monitor the traffic flow on Beijing Ring Road. Different traffic patterns (including 2022 Winter Olympics) of heavy and light vehicles are observed and analyzed.
Non-destructive Direct Pericarp Thickness Measurement of Sorghum Kernels with Fiber-based Extended Focus Optical Coherence Microscopy
Authors: Sen D. , Fernández A. , Crozier D. , Henrich B. , Sokolov A. , Scully M. , Rooney W. , Verhoef A.
Published: July 2023

We apply high-resolution Bessel-beam extended focus optical coherence microscopy for non-destructive morphological phenotyping of sorghum seeds. We obtain accurate thickness measurements with a reduced tendency to overestimate the thickness of thin phenotypes.
Reservoir Computing-based Multi-Symbol Equalization for PAM 4 Short-reach Transmission
Authors: Osadchuk Yevhenii , Jovanovic Ognjen , Zibar Darko , Da Ros Francesco
Published: July 2023

We propose spectrum-sliced reservoir computer-based (RC) multi-symbol equalization for 32-GBd PAM4 transmission. RC with 17 symbols at the output achieves an order of magnitude reduction in multiplications/symbol versus single output case while maintaining simple training.
Demonstration of 100-km Long O-band WDM Amplified Coherent Transmission
Authors: Taengnoi Natsupa , Bottrill Kyle R. H. , Hong Yang , Wang Yu , Sahu Jayanta , Hanzo Lajos , Richardson David J. , Petropoulos Periklis
Published: July 2023

O-band WDM 100-Gb/s/λ dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying transmission is demonstrated over a 100-km link, with gain provided by bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers. Two different channel spacings are studied: 0.6nm and 10nm.
Half-integer angular momentum and multi-defect localization in photonic crystal microring resonators
Authors: Wang Mingkang , Zhou Feng , Lu Xiyuan , McClung Andrew , Davanco Marcelo , Aksyuk Vladimir A. , Srinivasan Kartik
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate half-integer angular momentum light in a high-quality-factor photonic crystal ring with good waveguide coupling and reduced group velocity. Additionally, multiple modes can be localized to small volumes within the ring, and their orientation can be well-controlled.
Vortex soliton microcombs
Authors: Liu Yanwu , Lao Chenghao , Wang Min , Cheng Yinke , Fu Shiyao , Gao Chunqing , Wang Jianwei , Xiao Yun-Feng , Li Bei-Bei , Gong Qihuang , Liu Wenjing , Yang Qi-Fan
Published: July 2023

We correlate the dimensions of frequency and orbital angular momentum (OAM) by forming soliton microcombs in an integrated microresonator vortex emitter. One-to-one correspondence between the OAM and frequency is confirmed on 14 distinct comb lines.
CMOS-compatible high energy passively Q-switched laser
Authors: Singh Neetesh , Sinobad Milan , Lorenzen Jan , Wang Kai , Liapis Andreas C. , Frankis Henry , Gaafar Mahmoud A. , Haugg Stefanie , Francis Henry , Carreira Jose , Geiselmann Michael , Herr Tobias , Bradley Jonathan , Sun Zhipei , Garicia-Blanco Sonia M , Kärtner Franz X
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate CMOS-compatible, integrated, high energy Q-switched lasers in the eye-safe window (1.9 µm), with an on-chip output pulse energy of 80 nanojoules at a repetition rate of <1 MHz with single fundamental mode operation in a compact footprint.
Frequency-Agile Self-Injection-Locked Lasers With sub-100 Hz Linewidth based on In-Package Photonic Wire Bonds
Authors: Chen Yung , Lihachev Grigory , Peng Huanfa , Tian Hao , Fang Dengyang , Voloshin Andrey , Riemensberger Johann , Maier Pascal , Skacel Sebastian T. , Lauermann Matthias , Attanasio Alaina , Randel Sebastian , Freude Wolfgang , Bhave Sunil , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Koos Christian
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate frequency-agile self-injection-locked lasers that exploit photonic wire bonds for connecting piezo-tunable Si3N4 microresonators to DFB lasers. Our devices offer intrinsic linewidths below 100Hz along with highly linear frequency sweeping over more than 1GHz.
Cavity Solitons Formation Above the Fundamental Limit Imposed by the Raman Self-frequency Shift
Authors: Englebert Nicolas , Simon Corentin , Arabí Carlos Mas , Leo François , Gorza Simon-Pierre
Published: July 2023

We report theoretically and experimentally on the formation of temporal cavity solitons shorter than the fundamental limit imposed by the stimulated Raman scattering in a fiber Kerr resonator that includes a phase modulator.
Advancing Kerr Microresonator Optical Parametric Oscillators for Chip-based Laser Systems Across the Visible and Near-infrared
Authors: Stone Jordan R. , Moille Gregory , Lu Xiyuan , Westly Daron , Rahman Tahmid , Srinivasan Kartik
Published: July 2023

We report chip-integrated Kerr optical parametric oscillators with emission wavelengths between 590 nm and 1150 nm and conversion efficiencies reaching 15%. We further demonstrate photonic-crystal-mediated devices with >99.7% as-fabricated output wavelength accuracy.
Alignment-free Sr MOT with integrated metasurfaces for a compact Sr optical clock
Authors: Jammi S , Ferdinand A R , Zhu W , Spektor G , Newman Z , Song J , Koksal O , Wang Z , Lunden W , Sheredy D , Patel P , Rakholia A , Briles T C , Boyd M , Agrawal A , Papp S
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate an alignment-free 87Sr magneto optical trap with fully integrated multicolor metasurface photonics. We characterize the functionality of these metasurfaces to facilitate laser cooling and trapping for a compact optical clock.
Mie Resonance-based Meta-atom Design with Machine Learning Method
Authors: Li Wenhao , Sedeh Hooman Barati , Padilla Willie J. , Malof Jordan , Litchinitser Natalia M.
Published: July 2023

Forward prediction machine learning models were developed to predict the scattering behaviors and electromagnetic field of meta-atoms, while a n inverse design model was built for reconstructing meta-atoms under the guidance of multipole expansion theory.
Silicon Rich Nitride Huygens Metasurface in the Visible Regime
Authors: Goldberg Oren , Gherabli Rivka , Nijem Jinan , Mazurski Noa , Levy Uriel
Published: July 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a Huygens metasurface in the visible regime utilizing Silicon rich Nitride (SRN). Offering high refractive index and CMOS compatibility, SRN is an outstanding candidate to replace the widely used TiO2.
Optical closure in highly absorptive coastal waters: significance of inelastic scattering processes
Authors: Mukherjee Soham , Hedley John , Fichot Cedric , Laliberté Julien , Belanger Simon
Published: July 2023

In hydrological optics, "optical closure" means consistency between the apparent optical properties (AOPs) determined from radiometric measurements and those derived from radiative transfer modelling based on concurrently measured Inherent optical properties (IOPs) and boundary conditions (sea and sky states). Good optical closure not only provides confidence in the data quality but also informs on the adequacy of the radiative transfer parameterization. Achieving optical closure in highly absorptive coastal waters is challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of radiometric measurements and uncertainties in the measurements of IOPs, namely the spectral absorption and backscattering coefficients. Here, we present an optical closure assessment using a comprehensive set of in situ IOPs acquired in highly absorptive coastal waters optically dominated by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The spectral remote sensing reflectance, Rrs(λ), was modeled using the software HydroLight (HL) with measured IOPs and observed boundary conditions. Corresponding in-water Rrs(λ) was derived from radiometric measurements made with a Compact Optical Profiling System (C-OPS; Biospherical). The assessment revealed that the inclusion of inelastic scattering processes in the model, specifically Sun-induced CDOM Fluorescence (fDOM) and Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SICF) from Chlorophyll-a ([chl]), significantly improved the optical closure and led to good agreement between measured and modeled Rrs (i.e., for 440 ≤ λ ≤ 710 nm with no inelastic processes: R2=0.90, slope=0.64; with inelastic processes: R2=0.96, slope=0.90). The analysis also indicated that f_DOM and SICF contributed a substantial fraction of the green-red wavelength Rrs in these waters. Specifically, fDOM contributed ~18% of the modeled Rrs in the green region and SICF accounted for ~20% of the modeled Rrs in the red region. Overall, this study points out the importance of accounting for fDOM in remote sensing applications in CDOM-dominated waters.
Understanding factors influencing healthcare workers’ intention towards the COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Xie Zhuyun , Qalati Sikandar Ali , Limón Mónica Lorena Sánchez , Sulaiman Mohammad Ali Bait Ali , Qureshi Naveed Akhtar
Published: July 2023

Globally, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring Coronavirus infection. In addition, they are role models for the general public concerning attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, they play a critical role in successfully promoting practices aiming to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study broadly based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) explores the factors influencing HCWs’ intention to be vaccinated. An online survey was administered using Google Form to collect data from HCWs working in the public health sector of Pakistan. The sample included 813 participants, two-thirds were female, and one-third were male. In addition, 41.5% of them were aged between 26–35 years, 32.6% had master’s level education, 25% were nurses, and 57.7% of them were living in urban areas. Data analysis was run using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research findings reveal the positive and significant effect of the TPB factors (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and the extended factor of vaccine confidence on HCWs’ intention to be vaccinated. This study’s model explains 66.4% of variations in HCWs’ intention to be vaccinated.
Family-authored ICU diaries to reduce fear in patients experiencing a cardiac arrest (FAID fear): A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cornelius Talea , Mendieta Miguel , Cumella Robin M. , Lopez Veneros David , Tincher Isabella M. , Agarwal Sachin , Kronish Ian
Published: July 2023

Survivors of cardiac arrest (CA) and their family members often experience significant fear-based distress (cardiac fear; i.e., fear about the CA survivor’s heart). Fear-based distress after CA is associated with higher rates of cardiac event recurrence and mortality in CA survivors. As posited in Dyadic Disruption Theory (DDT), cardiac fear in family members may contribute to the development of distress in CA survivors via socially-based mechanisms. Thus, interventions to reduce family distress may improve CA survivors’ outcomes. ICU diaries are easy to implement and scalable and show promise for reducing distress after CA but are primarily targeted towards survivors. The primary aim of the Family-Authored ICU Diaries to reduce Fear in Patients Experiencing a CA (FAID Fear) pilot randomized controlled trial was to test feasibility of an ICU diary intervention targeted towards family member distress alone. Family members of patients hospitalized after CA (N = 16) were randomized 2:1 to receive the FAID Fear intervention or usual care. Intervention participants were provided brief instructions and were asked to write in the diary twice per week until the end of hospital care. Assessments occurred at baseline enrollment, end of hospital care, and 30 days later. Participants’ mean age was 50.73 years (SD = 13.41; 80% cis-gender female; 60% White). Recruitment (16/25 referred; 64.0%), retention (14/16 enrolled; 87.5%), and intervention adherence (7/10 completed; 70%) were promising. Most agreed that the ICU diary intervention was appropriate (7/10 completed; 70.0%), feasible (9/10 completed; 90.0%]), and acceptable (8/10 completed; 80.0%). Fear was nonsignificantly lower in intervention participants (v. control) at end of hospital care and 30 days later. FAID Fear represents a first step in building theory-based dyadic interventions that can be implemented to support family members of CA survivors in the ICU, with potential to improve outcomes in CA survivors.
Member commitment in farmers’ cooperatives in China: The role of contractual and relational governance mechanisms
Authors: Zeng Lijun , Wan Junyi , He Qinying
Published: July 2023

Farmers’ cooperatives play a critical role in social, economic, and environmental sustainability in terms of poverty reduction, food quality and safety, farm sustainability, and members’ well-being. However, they are generally faced with low or declining member commitment, which restricts their performance and sustainable development. This study aims to investigate the effect of cooperative governance on member commitment as well as the moderating effects of cooperative types through an empirical exploratory study applying a random sampling survey. The results indicate that both contractual and relational governance have significant positive effects on member commitment, but vary with cooperative types. Specifically, there is a greater effect of contractual governance in company-affiliated cooperatives than in primary cooperatives, while the effects of relational governance increase in the order of company-affiliated, primary, and company-led cooperatives. Moreover, relational governance displays a greater positive influence on member commitment than contractual governance. These findings suggest that cooperatives should take organizational features, contractual and relational governance into consideration to improve member commitment and sustainable development.
What are the factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure in Colombia? A multi-level analysis
Authors: Ramirez-Agudelo Juan Luis , Pinilla-Roncancio Monica
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Target 3.8 of the Sustainable Development Goals calls for the guaranteeing of universal health service coverage without generating financial risks for households and individuals. In Colombia, there is no up-to-date information on the proportion of households that suffer catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), nor about how these expenses are associated with the place of residence. To contribute to an understanding of these issues, this study analyses the differences in the levels of CHE among Colombian households, and their association with the province and area (urban or rural) of residence.

Methods

This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study using the 2016–2017 National Household Budget Survey, the household and population Census 2018, and the Register of Health Providers 2017. We used the definition of CHE proposed by the World Health Organization, with a threshold of 20%. We estimated the percentage of households facing CHE, and its intensity, and estimated a multi-level logistic regression model, using as the dependent variable the question of whether a household experienced CHE, and the province as a second level, where explanatory variables related to the province were included.

Results

We found differences in CHE levels according to the province of residence. At the national level, 1.77% of households experienced CHE, and households in the provinces of Boyacá (5.04%), Nariño (4.04%), Cauca (3.82%), and Chocó (3.78%) faced the highest CHE. For most households with CHE in these provinces, spending on medicines and medical consultations represented close to 50% of their out-of-pocket spending. The multi-level logistic regression model indicated that there are significant variations in CHE attributed to the provinces under study, where the contextual variables of hospital-bed density (AOR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.86–0.96) and incidence of multi-dimensional poverty (AOR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.01–1.30) were factors associated with CHE. For an urban household, 6.58% of the CHE variation is attributed to the province in question, while for a rural household the corresponding variation is 1.56%.

Conclusions

The geographical location of the household is a key factor when studying CHE in Colombia, where rural households present higher levels of CHE, mainly in the delivery of medicines and medical consultations. The findings reveal the need to analyse financial protection at the local level and establish policies to protect households, especially poor households, from CHE.
Prediction of gastrointestinal functional state based on myoelectric recordings utilizing a deep neural network architecture
Authors: Elkhadrawi Mahmoud , Akcakaya Murat , Fulton Stephanie , Yates Bill J. , Fisher Lee E. , Horn Charles C.
Published: July 2023

Functional and motility-related gastrointestinal (GI) disorders affect nearly 40% percent of the population. Disturbances of GI myoelectric activity have been proposed to play a significant role in these disorders. A significant barrier to usage of these signals in diagnosis and treatment is the lack of consistent relationships between GI myoelectric features and function. A potential cause of this issue is the use of arbitrary classification criteria, such as percentage of power in tachygastric and bradygastric frequency bands. Here we applied automatic feature extraction using a deep neural network architecture on GI myoelectric signals from free-moving ferrets. For each animal, we recorded during baseline control and feeding conditions lasting for 1 h. Data were trained on a 1-dimensional residual convolutional network, followed by a fully connected layer, with a decision based on a sigmoidal output. For this 2-class problem, accuracy was 90%, sensitivity (feeding detection) was 90%, and specificity (baseline detection) was 89%. By comparison, approaches using hand-crafted features (e.g., SVM, random forest, and logistic regression) produced an accuracy from 54% to 82%, sensitivity from 46% to 84% and specificity from 66% to 80%. These results suggest that automatic feature extraction and deep neural networks could be useful to assess GI function for comparing baseline to an active functional GI state, such as feeding. In future testing, the current approach could be applied to determine normal and disease-related GI myoelectric patterns to diagnosis and assess patients with GI disease.
Experimental approach to the dislodging effect and the mortality of a pesticide in the yellow scorpion Tityus serrulatus
Authors: Murayama Gabriel Pimenta , Barbosa Bruna , Willemart Rodrigo Hirata
Published: July 2023

Accidents with scorpions are a problem in several regions of the world. In Brazil, the number of accidents is sometimes higher than 160k/year, and the responsible for most accidents and deaths is the yellow scorpionTityus serrulatus. Unfortunately, there are few publications testing the effectiveness of most of the products for chemical control of scorpions. Using the pesticide Bifentol, we tested: I–the effect of the pesticide on the mortality ofT.serrulatus, II–whether the scorpion avoids areas with pesticide and, III–whether it leaves the shelter if pesticide is applied. In the first experiment, we applied pesticide or water on the dorsal region of the scorpion or substrate according to treatment. For five days we noted whether the scorpion slide (dead) or clung to the substrate (alive) after turning the arena vertically to left and right. After five days, no pesticide-treated scorpions were alive while all water-treated scorpions were. In the second experiment, we placed two shelters, applied pesticide and/or water inside the shelter. We then released a scorpion on the opposite side. We scored latency to enter one of the shelters and the choice made by the scorpions. We did not find differences in latency or in the choice made. In the third experiment, we applied the pesticide or water to the shelter where the scorpion was being maintained, and, on the following day, we recorded whether the scorpion had left the shelter. None of the scorpions left the shelters and only one died. Thus, we obtained evidence that a pesticide can kill scorpions, but we did not find a dislodging effect.
Dual-energy computed tomography material decomposition improves prediction accuracy of hematoma expansion in traumatic intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Lee Jungbin , Park Sung-Tae , Hwang Sun-Chul , Kim Jung Youn , Lee A. Leum , Chang Kee-Hyun
Published: July 2023

Objective

The angiographic spot sign (AS) on CT angiography (CTA) is known to be useful for predicting expansion in intracranial hemorrhage, but its use is limited due to its relatively low sensitivity. Recently, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been shown to be superior in distinguishing between hemorrhage and iodine. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of hematoma expansion (HE) using DECT AS in traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.

Methods

We recruited participants with intracranial hemorrhage confirmed via CTA for suspected traumatic cerebrovascular injuries. We evaluated AS on both conventional-like and fusion images of DECT. AS is grouped into three categories: intralesional enhancement without change, delayed enhancement (DE), and growing contrast leakage (GL). HE was evaluated by measuring hematoma size on DECT and follow-up CT. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether AS on fusion images was a significant risk factor for HE. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated, and the results from conventional-like and fusion images were compared.

Results

Thirty-nine hematomas in 24 patients were included in this study. Of these, 18 hematomas in 13 patients showed expansion on follow-up CT. Among the expanders, AS and GL on fusion images were noted in 13 and 5 hematomas, respectively. In non-expanders, 10 and 1 hematoma showed AS and GL, respectively. In the logistic regression model, GL on the fusion image was a significant independent risk factor for predicting HE. However, when AS was used on conventional-like images, no factors significantly predicted HE. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve of AS on the fusion images was 0.71, with a sensitivity and specificity of 66.7% and 76.2%, respectively.

Conclusions

GL on fusion images of DECT in traumatic intracranial hemorrhage is a significant independent radiologic risk factor for predicting HE. The AS of DECT fusion images has improved sensitivity compared to that of conventional-like images.
Hip and trunk kinematics during reaching on a mobile and stable seat
Authors: Haas Michelle C. , Sommer Bettina B. , Karrer Samuel , Jörger Matthias , Graf Eveline S. , Huber Martin , Baumgartner Daniel , Bauer Christoph M.
Published: July 2023

Reaching movements are often used to assess selective trunk control in people with neurological conditions. Also, it is known that reaching performance after stroke is increased through training on a mobile seat compared to conventional physical therapy. However, the effect of a mobile seat on joint kinematics has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to quantify differences in the range of motion of the hip and trunk during reaching exercises on a mobile and stable sitting surface. Fifteen healthy participants performed reaching beyond arm’s length on a mobile and a stable seat in four different directions: ipsilateral, anterior, contralateral, and contralateral diagonal. Biomechanical data were collected, including kinematics of the hip and trunk, and surface electromyography of the trunk muscles. The mobile sitting surface led to a higher range of motion in the trunk and the hip in the frontal and sagittal plane, but not in the rotational plane. Differences between reaching directions were found in all joint directions, except that of trunk flexion. Hence, movement patterns of the hip and trunk differ during reaching on different sitting surfaces and in different directions. A larger range of motion in the frontal or sagittal plane while training on the mobile seat provides added neuromuscular stimuli to the trunk muscles (= a higher demand on trunk muscles), which could result in more efficient training and therefore, increased trunk control after stroke. However, this has to be investigated in a future study with people after stroke.
Advances in new target molecules against schistosomiasis: A comprehensive discussion of physiological structure and nutrient intake
Authors: Zhu Peng , Wu Kaijuan , Zhang Chaobin , Batool Syeda Sundas , Li Anqiao , Yu Zheng , Huang Jing
Published: July 2023

Schistosomiasis, a severe parasitic disease, is primarily caused by Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, or Schistosoma haematobium. Currently, praziquantel is the only recommended drug for human schistosome infection. However, the lack of efficacy of praziquantel against juvenile worms and concerns about the emergence of drug resistance are driving forces behind the research for an alternative medication. Schistosomes are obligatory parasites that survive on nutrients obtained from their host. The ability of nutrient uptake depends on their physiological structure. In short, the formation and maintenance of the structure and nutrient supply are mutually reinforcing and interdependent. In this review, we focus on the structural features of the tegument, esophagus, and intestine of schistosomes and their roles in nutrient acquisition. Moreover, we introduce the significance and modes of glucose, lipids, proteins, and amino acids intake in schistosomes. We linked the schistosome structure and nutrient supply, introduced the currently emerging targets, and analyzed the current bottlenecks in the research and development of drugs and vaccines, in the hope of providing new strategies for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.
JORNALISMO LITER´´ÁRIO NOS LIVROS-REPORTAGEM "A CASA DO DEL´ÍRIO" e “HOLOCAUSTO BRASILEIRO"
Authors: Sommer Vera Lucia , Nunes Beatriz
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo científico analisa a presença dos recursos do jornalismo literário, a partir da Estrela de Sete Pontas de Pena (2013), nos livros-reportagem “A Casa do Delírio: reportagem no Manicômio Judiciário de Franco da Rocha” (TAVOLARO, 2002) e “Holocausto Brasileiro” (ARBEX, 2017). Ambos retratam a vida de pessoas consideradas doentes mentais reclusas em instituições psiquiátricas brasileiras, conhecidas como manicômios. Como objetivos específicos, identifica as características do jornalismo literário nas obras citadas, aplica o método da Estrela de Sete Pontas, compara como cada autor utiliza o jornalismo literário para tratar de temas relacionados a doenças mentais e analisa as diferenças e semelhanças em cada obra. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e bibliográfica, baseada no método de análise de conteúdo (HERSCOVITZ, 2007), cujos resultados evidenciam a utilização dos recursos da Estrela de Sete Pontas, bem como um tratamento humanizado por parte dos autores, uma narrativa fluida e uma descrição detalhada.
NEGAÇ˜˜ÃO E P´ÓS-VERDADE:
Authors: Venera José Isaías , Castro Luciano Guimarães Só de
Published: July 2023

O trabalho analisa o negacionismo e a disseminação de conteúdos falsos na mídia digital a partir de conceitos da psicanálise. Em um fenômeno de hipermassa com características próprias das redes digitais, as fake news podem operar em consonância com o mecanismo de defesa descrito pela teoria psicanalítica. A primeira parte do estudo se detém ao mecanismo psíquico da negação (Verneinung). Na segunda parte, a abordagem se volta para o cenário das narrativas que se convencionou chamar de fake news, veiculadas na mídia digital. Temos como objetivo mostrar a disseminação de conteúdos falsos como manifestação de um sintoma social e do sujeito. A facilitação de processos emocionais e o empobrecimento simbólico da sociedade aumentam a dispersão da informação e sua tendenciosidade política. Para tanto, utilizamos uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa para analisar os resultados da ferramenta Google Trends, de março de 2020. Com o estudo, conclui-se que a velocidade e a quantidade de informações não estão compatíveis com a capacidade humana de processamento, saturando a realidade com fluxos de conteúdos.
Why do spacecraft always experience a

black-out area

that disrupts communications when they return to Earth?
Authors: Wang Jianan
Published: July 2023

In this paper, Lorentz factor and Lorentz transformations are modified based on the new ether theory, and the
blackout which leads to communication interruption of high-speed moving objects is analyzed by using the modified Lorentz electromagnetic field transformation formula. It is concluded that blackout is caused by the change of wave form of electromagnetic wave from stationary energy space (etheric reference frame) to moving medium (etheric reference frame) or from moving medium to stationary energy space.
ACCEPTABILITY AND PALATABILITY OF SABA

PEELS (
Musa acuminata x balbisiana) AS A

PLANT-BASED MEAT SUBSTITUTE
Authors: Mediana Nardito Jr. , Jamisola Erika Czarina , Dagñalan Angelica , Jeniebre Janice , Suarez Francine , Lagadia Kendrick
Published: July 2023

This study investigated the acceptability and palatability of Saba Peels (
Musa acuminate x balbisiana) as a plant-based meat substitute along phytochemical, food safety (E. coli and Salmonella Detection Tests), Food Quality (Spoilage Investigation), and Palatability Testing in terms of Appearance, Aroma, Taste, and Texture. Phytochemical Analysis showed that saba peels contain alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, glycosides, phenols, and steroids. For food safety, an E. coli and Salmonella Detection Tests were conducted through the Department of Science and Technology Regional Standards Division, Region V, for the E. coli count result: <10 colony-forming units per gram, or approximately no E. coli was found in the samples. Also, there was no salmonella detected in the 25-gram sample. Moreover, one hundred (100) participants, who comprised a variety of age groups and sexual preferences and satisfied the ethical conditions for the palatability testing, have provided data on the sensory level of saba peels as a plant-based meat substitute in terms of appearance, aroma, taste, and texture. Using the 5-point hedonic rating scale, the palatability test results showed that among the three concentrations of saba peel meat substitutes developed, concentration 1 had the highest result with a median of 5 (extremely liked) as compared to other concentrations in terms of appearance, aroma, taste, and texture.
Advocating for and Implementing Credit for ESOL Classes
Authors:   Washburn University, McClendon Kelly , McGee Tracey ,   Illinois Institute of Technology
Published: July 2023

To foster equity and inclusion and internationalize, higher education institutions should offer degree-credit for ESOL courses, thus valuing multilingual students’ prior learning, recognizing the learners’ journeys toward global citizenship, and highlighting the rigor of English language programs and expertise of faculty. Authors discuss the rationale and next steps for implementing ESOL credit at higher education institutions.