bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV
Authors: Wang He , Xu Yiming , Ulonska Stefan , Robinson Joseph S. , Ranitovic Predrag , Kaindl Robert A.
Published: June 2015

Novel table-top sources of extreme-ultraviolet light based on high-harmonic generation yield unique insight into the fundamental properties of molecules, nanomaterials or correlated solids, and enable advanced applications in imaging or metrology. Extending high-harmonic generation to high repetition rates portends great experimental benefits, yet efficient extreme-ultraviolet conversion of correspondingly weak driving pulses is challenging. Here, we demonstrate a highly-efficient source of femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses at 50-kHz repetition rate, utilizing the ultraviolet second-harmonic focused tightly into Kr gas. In this cascaded scheme, a photon flux beyond ≈3 × 1013 s−1 is generated at 22.3 eV, with 5 × 10−5 conversion efficiency that surpasses similar harmonics directly driven by the fundamental by two orders-of-magnitude. The enhancement arises from both wavelength scaling of the atomic dipole and improved spatio-temporal phase matching, confirmed by simulations. Spectral isolation of a single 72-meV-wide harmonic renders this bright, 50-kHz extreme-ultraviolet source a powerful tool for ultrafast photoemission, nanoscale imaging and other applications.
Seasonal gene expression kinetics between diapause phases in Drosophila virilis group species and overwintering differences between diapausing and non-diapausing females
Authors: Salminen Tiina S. , Vesala Laura , Laiho Asta , Merisalo Mikko , Hoikkala Anneli , Kankare Maaria
Published: June 2015

Most northern insect species experience a period of developmental arrest, diapause, which enables them to survive over the winter and postpone reproduction until favorable conditions. We studied the timing of reproductive diapause and its long-term effects on the cold tolerance of Drosophila montana, D. littoralis and D. ezoana females in seasonally varying environmental conditions. At the same time we traced expression levels of 219 genes in D. montana using a custom-made microarray. We show that the seasonal switch to reproductive diapause occurs over a short time period and that overwintering in reproductive diapause has long-lasting effects on cold tolerance. Some genes, such as Hsc70, Jon25Bi and period, were upregulated throughout the diapause, while others, including regucalcin, couch potato and Thor, were upregulated only at its specific phases. Some of the expression patterns induced during the sensitive stage, when the females either enter diapause or not, remained induced regardless of the later conditions. qPCR analyses confirmed the findings of the microarray analysis in D. montana and revealed similar gene expression changes in D. littoralis and D. ezoana. The present study helps to achieve a better understanding of the genetic regulation of diapause and of the plasticity of seasonal responses in general.
Interaction of Vaccination and Reduction of Antibiotic Use Drives Unexpected Increase of Pneumococcal Meningitis
Authors: Domenech de Cellès Matthieu , Pons-Salort Margarita , Varon Emmanuelle , Vibet Marie-Anne , Ligier Caroline , Letort Véronique , Opatowski Lulla , Guillemot Didier
Published: June 2015

Antibiotic-use policies may affect pneumococcal conjugate-vaccine effectiveness. The reported increase of pneumococcal meningitis from 2001 to 2009 in France, where a national campaign to reduce antibiotic use was implemented in parallel to the introduction of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine, provides unique data to assess these effects. We constructed a mechanistic pneumococcal transmission model and used likelihood to assess the ability of competing hypotheses to explain that increase. We find that a model integrating a fitness cost of penicillin resistance successfully explains the overall and age-stratified pattern of serotype replacement. By simulating counterfactual scenarios of public health interventions in France, we propose that this fitness cost caused a gradual and pernicious interaction between the two interventions by increasing the spread of nonvaccine, penicillin-susceptible strains. More generally, our results indicate that reductions of antibiotic use may counteract the benefits of conjugate vaccines introduced into countries with low vaccine-serotype coverages and high-resistance frequencies. Our findings highlight the key role of antibiotic use in vaccine-induced serotype replacement and suggest the need for more integrated approaches to control pneumococcal infections.
RapGene: a fast and accurate strategy for synthetic gene assembly in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zampini Massimiliano , Stevens Pauline Rees , Pachebat Justin A. , Kingston-Smith Alison , Mur Luis A. J. , Hayes Finbarr
Published: June 2015

The ability to assemble DNA sequences de novo through efficient and powerful DNA fabrication methods is one of the foundational technologies of synthetic biology. Gene synthesis, in particular, has been considered the main driver for the emergence of this new scientific discipline. Here we describe RapGene, a rapid gene assembly technique which was successfully tested for the synthesis and cloning of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes through a ligation independent approach. The method developed in this study is a complete bacterial gene synthesis platform for the quick, accurate and cost effective fabrication and cloning of gene-length sequences that employ the widely used host Escherichia coli.
Multi-way calibration coupling with fluorescence spectroscopy to determine magnolol and honokiol in herb and plasma samples
Authors: Hu Leqian , Yin Chunling
Published: June 2015

Multi-way calibration of the three-way array allows the excitation spectra, emission spectra and relative concentrations of magnolol and honokiol to be obtained directly.
Synthesis of concave gold nanocuboids with high-index facets and their enhanced catalytic activity
Authors: Li Lidong , Peng Yi , Yue Yonghai , Hu Ye , Liang Xiu , Yin Penggang , Guo Lin
Published: June 2015

Novel concave gold nanocuboids bounded by 24 high-index {611} facets are synthesized using the seed-mediated growth method via an overgrowth mechanism, which exhibit excellent catalytic activities over certain reactions.
A double substitution induced Ca(Mg0.8, Al0.2)(Si1.8, Al0.2)O6:Eu2+ phosphor for w-LEDs: synthesis, structure, and luminescence properties
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Wenjing , Wang Xicheng , Zhu Ge , Wang Chuang , Wang Yuhua
Published: June 2015

A double substitution induced blue-emitting phosphor Ca(Mg0.8, Al0.2)(Si1.8, Al0.2)O6:Eu2+ (CMAS:Eu2+) was successfully synthesized by a solid-state reaction process, and its structure and luminescence properties were investigated in detail.
Taming microwave plasma to beat thermodynamics in CO2 dissociation
Authors: van Rooij G. J. , van den Bekerom D. C. M. , den Harder N. , Minea T. , Berden G. , Bongers W. A. , Engeln R. , Graswinckel M. F. , Zoethout E. , van de Sanden M. C. M.
Published: June 2015

The strong non-equilibrium conditions provided by the plasma phase offer the opportunity to beat traditional thermal process energy efficiencies via preferential excitation of molecular vibrations. Simple molecular physics considerations are presented to explain potential dissociation pathways in plasma and their effect on energy efficiency. A common microwave reactor approach is evaluated experimentally with Rayleigh scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to assess gas temperatures (exceeding 104 K) and conversion degrees (up to 30%), respectively. The results are interpreted on a basis of estimates of the plasma dynamics obtained with electron energy distribution functions calculated with a Boltzmann solver. It indicates that the intrinsic electron energies are higher than is favorable for preferential vibrational excitation due to dissociative excitation, which causes thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry to dominate. The highest observed energy efficiencies of 45% indicate that non-equilibrium dynamics had been at play. A novel approach involving additives of low ionization potential to tailor the electron energies to the vibrational excitation regime is proposed.
Solid-state fermentation of whole oats to yield a synbiotic food rich in lactic acid bacteria and prebiotics
Authors: Zhang Nan , Li Dan , Zhang XiQing , Shi Yan , Wang HaiKuan
Published: June 2015

This study developed a synbiotic food through the fermentation of whole oat flour withLactobacillus plantarumTK9 andBifidobacterium animalissubsp.LactisV9.
New conjugated molecules with four DPP (diketopyrrolopyrrole) moieties linked by [2,2]paracyclophane as electron acceptors for organic photovoltaic cells
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Guanxin , Yu Chenmin , Yao Jingjing , Liu Zitong , Zhang Deqing
Published: June 2015

Two conjugated molecules were investigated as electron acceptors for OPVs and it was observed that their power conversion efficiency can reach 1.84% after blending with P3HT.
Probing the nature and resistance of the molecule–electrode contact in SAM-based junctions
Authors: Suchand Sangeeth C. S. , Wan Albert , Nijhuis Christian A.
Published: June 2015

For two-terminal molecular junctions composed of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), the nature of the SAM–electrode interface is often unknown. Here we used potentiodynamic impedance spectroscopy to determine the nature and resistance of the SAM–electrode contact.
The study of metabonomics combined with diversity of intestinal flora in LDP intervention in kidney-yin deficiency hyperthyroid rats
Authors: Ma Shiyu , Shen Lan , Chen Meiwan , Lin Xiao , Wang Qiang , Du Ruofei , Feng Yi
Published: June 2015

This study was to clarify the drug mechanism in the preparation of high-content plant polysaccharides.
Facile preparation of N-doped mesocellular graphene foam from sludge flocs for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Ye Daixin , Wang Li , Zhang Ren , Liu Baohong , Wang Yi , Kong Jilie
Published: June 2015

Sludge flocs (SF) from environmental waste were used to prepare high-quality N-doped mesocellular graphene foam (SF-NMGF)viaa simple one-step pyrolysis method. The SF-NMGF had a high electrocatalytic activity, operational stability and methanol-tolerance in the ORR.
Ejected particle size measurement using Mie scattering in high explosive driven shockwave experiments
Authors: Monfared S. K. , Buttler W. T. , Frayer D. K. , Grover M. , LaLone B. M. , Stevens G. D. , Stone J. B. , Turley W. D. , Schauer M. M.
Published: June 2015

We report on the development of a diagnostic to provide constraints on the size of particles ejected from shocked metallic surfaces. The diagnostic is based on measurements of the intensity of laser light transmitted through a cloud of ejected particles as well as the angular distribution of scattered light, and the analysis of the resulting data is done using the Mie solution. We describe static experiments to test our experimental apparatus and present initial results of dynamic experiments on Sn targets. Improvements for future experiments are briefly discussed.
Spin caloritronics in graphene
Authors: Ghosh Angsula , Frota H. O.
Published: June 2015

Spin caloritronics, the combination of spintronics with thermoelectrics, exploiting both the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment in addition to its fundamental electronic charge and temperature, is an emerging technology mainly in the development of low-power-consumption technology. In this work, we study the thermoelectric properties of a Rashba dot attached to two single layer/bilayer graphene sheets as leads. The temperature difference on the two graphene leads induces a spin current, which depends on the temperature and chemical potential. We demonstrate that the Rashba dot behaves as a spin filter for selected values of the chemical potential and is able to filter electrons by their spin orientation. The spin thermopower has also been studied where the effects of the chemical potential, temperature, and also the Rashba term have been observed.
Valuing forages for genetic selection: what traits should we focus on?
Authors: Chapman D. F. , Edwards G. R. , Stewart A. V. , McEvoy M. , O'Donovan M. , Waghorn G. C.
Published: June 2015

Failure over the past two to three decades to implement industry-led, systematic forage evaluation systems that translate forage performance data to animal production and economics means that the livestock industries are poorly positioned to judge how much economic benefit they are gaining from forage plant improvement and to propose future priorities and targets. The present paper identifies several knowledge gaps that must be filled to enable the value being delivered to pasture-based livestock industries by forage improvement to be determined, demonstrated to farmers and increased in the future. Seasonal yield, total annual yield, nutritive value and feeding value of pasture are all important traits for driving the productivity of pasture-based livestock production systems. From a farm systems perspective, persistence of the yield or quality advantage of new cultivars is also economically important. However, this is the least well defined of the productivity traits considered in the paper. Contrary to anecdotal reports, evidence indicates that the genetic potential of modern ryegrass cultivars to survive in grazed pastures is at least equivalent to that of older cultivars. Plant breeding in Europe and New Zealand has changed the seasonal yield, quality and intake potential of perennial ryegrass. On the basis of dry matter (DM) yield data from small-plot evaluation trials, the New Zealand forage value index indicates that the top-ranked perennial ryegrass cultivars offer between NZ$280 and NZ $650/ha per year potential additional operating profit to dairy businesses (depending on region), compared with a historical genetic base of cultivars that were first entered into yield testing programs between 1991 and 1996. The equivalent figure in Ireland (including nutritive value effects) is about €325/ha per year. These estimates are yet to be confirmed in animal production studies. In intensive dairy systems, current rates of genetic gain in DM yield lag well behind realised rates of gain in animal genetics and associated increases in feed demand per animal. Genetic gains in yield need to double from current rates (estimated at 0.5% per year); but, it is not known whether this is possible in an outcrossing species such as perennial ryegrass, which is normally grown in a mixture with other species, especially white clover. Improvements in DM yield in seasons where extra DM has greatest economic value in grazing systems should dominate breeding objectives, but this must now be augmented by consideration of the environmental impacts of intensive pasture-based livestock production systems and opportunities to mitigate this through germplasm selection. There is less evidence that nutritive or feeding value of ryegrass cultivars significantly limits animal production and profitability and useful improvements have already been made using tetraploids and later heading material.
Inheritance of Sparkling Scales (Ginrin) Trait in Ornamental Koi Carp
Authors: Gomelsky Boris , Delomas Thomas A , Schneider Kyle J , Anil Ammu , Warner Jeffrey L
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate mechanisms of inheritance of the sparkling scales (ginrin) trait in ornamental koi, a variant of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio. The fish segregations of ginrin : nonginrin were recorded in three F1 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × nonginrin and 16 F2 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × ginrin and nonginrin × nonginrin. The segregations of ginrin : nonginrin in most F1 progenies did not differ significantly from the 1:1 Mendelian ratio, while crossing nonginrin fish from F1 progenies resulted in the appearance of only nonginrin fish in F2. Based on these data, it was suggested that the ginrin trait in koi is controlled by a dominant mutation of one gene (Gr/gr): fish with genotypes GrGr and Grgr have ginrin phenotype, while fish with genotype grgr do not possess this trait. In most analyzed F2 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × ginrin, the ginrin : nonginrin segregations were statistically different from the 3:1 and 2:1 theoretical ratios with permanent deficit of ginrin fish. It was suggested that the deviation of segregations from theoretical ratios resulted from increased mortality of ginrin fish as a result of possible negative pleiotropic effect of ginrin mutation on fish survival. The negative pleiotropic effect of ginrin mutation on fish growth was detected; nonginrin fish were substantially larger and heavier than ginrin fish from the same progenies raised in the same outdoor tanks.
Searching for inflationary B modes: can dust emission properties be extrapolated from 350 GHz to 150 GHz?
Authors: Tassis Konstantinos , Pavlidou Vasiliki
Published: June 2015

Recent Planck results have shown that radiation from the cosmic microwave background passes through foregrounds in which aligned dust grains produce polarized dust emission, even in regions of the sky with the lowest level of dust emission. One of the most commonly used ways to remove the dust foreground is to extrapolate the polarized dust emission signal from frequencies where it dominates (e.g. ∼350 GHz) to frequencies commonly targeted by cosmic microwave background experiments (e.g. ∼150 GHz). In this Letter, we describe an interstellar medium effect that can lead to decorrelation of the dust emission polarization pattern between different frequencies due to multiple contributions along the line of sight. Using a simple 2-cloud model we show that there are two conditions under which this decorrelation can be large: (a) the ratio of polarized intensities between the two clouds changes between the two frequencies; (b) the magnetic fields between the two clouds contributing along a line of sight are significantly misaligned. In such cases, the 350 GHz polarized sky map is not predictive of that at 150 GHz. We propose a possible correction for this effect, using information from optopolarimetric surveys of dichroicly absorbed starlight.
Introspecting on the Elusive
Authors: Thomas Ayanna K. , Lee Meeyeon , Hughes Gregory
Published: June 2015

The state of knowing in the absence of knowledge is a peculiar metacognitive phenomenon that intuitively implies that we are able to introspect on memory processes of search, storage, and retrieval. The ability to make this assessment suggests that we may be able to use certain cues to assess the quality of knowledge that may be hidden from conscious view. The focus of this chapter is the uncanny metacognitive state of the feeling of knowing (FOK). We examine the theoretical questions that have motivated research into this phenomenon. These questions are viewed through a historical perspective, allowing for a more complete understanding of how research into this subjective state has evolved. This chapter concludes with a discussion of the present state of the field, examines neurocognitive mechanisms, reviews the questions that presently concern FOK researchers, and proposes an applied direction for future research.
Music Therapy with Adults Diagnosed with Cancer and Their Families
Authors: O'Callaghan Clare , Magill Lucanne
Published: June 2015

This chapter describes music therapy in cancer care in Western and Asian countries. Detailed descriptions of cancer prevalence, mortality rates, histological classifications, treatments, and biopsychosocial effects are provided. When affected by cancer, music therapy can offer support, enable symptom alleviation, promote endurance and spiritual well-being, and assist in functional restoration and quality of life improvement. An evolving music therapy assessment procedure in oncology is outlined as well as common music therapy methods used in inpatient and outpatient settings, and to promote community ward-based care. Music therapists can: Replay music from the patients’ and families’ lives; help them to explore new musical experiences, such as improvisation, song writing, chanting and toning; and offer music relaxation and supportive or guided imagery experiences. Research has demonstrated music therapy’s positive effects on patients, their families, and staff care givers, reinforcing its important and meaningful role in multidisciplinary oncology care.
H4K12 and H3K18 Acetylation Associates With Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Juliano Camila N. , Izetti Patricia , Pereira Marcia P. , dos Santos Alex P. , Bravosi Charles P. , Abujamra Ana L. , Prolla Patricia A. , Osvaldt Alessandro B. , Edelweiss Maria I. A.
Published: June 2015

Background/Objectives:

Epigenetic deregulation may be involved in tumor cell biology, including differentiation, tumor progression, and cell death, and histone acetylation is a major regulatory mechanism of gene transcription. Patterns of global histone modifications have been recently suggested as outcome predictors in cancer patients, but few studies have been conducted on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). This study was designed to investigate the predictive value of histone acetylation modifications on PDAC.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective clinicopathologic analysis was undertaken in 119 patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2005 and 2011, and immunohistochemistry performed with polyclonal antibodies against H4K12ac, H3K9ac, and H3K18ac. Positive nuclear staining for each histone was measured as the intensity and expression, being classified into low-staining or high-staining groups. Results were analyzed in relation to patients’ clinicopathologic parameters.

Results:

There was a positive relationship between tumor differentiation and H4K12ac high scores (P<0.05) and staining with the 3 markers correlated positively with tumor stage (P<0.01). Univariate analysis showed worse survival in patients with high detection levels of H4K12ac (P=0.038) and H3K18Ac (P=0.033). A backwards Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed the independent prognostic effect of high H4K12ac and H3K18ac levels (hazard ratios of 1.6 and 1.7, respectively, P<0.05), especially for patients at early stages of disease.

Conclusions:

We propose that acetylation of H4K12 and H3K18 may be considered valuable prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer, although the mechanism involved needs further investigation. Increasing insights into histone acetylation modifications can ultimately generate new ideas for rational and molecularly based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Expression of TIA1 and PAX5 in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma at Initial Diagnosis May Predict Clinical Outcome
Authors: Nguyen TuDung T. , Frater John L. , Klein Jonathan , Chen Ling , Bartlett Nancy L. , Foyil Kelley V. , Kreisel Friederike H.
Published: June 2015

Although the expression of T-cell antigens and proteins associated with tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), regulatory T cells (T-regs), and B-cell development have been evaluated in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), few studies correlate these proteins’ expression patterns with clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate proteins expressed in the Reed-Sternberg cells (RSCs) and TILs of cHLs at initial diagnosis to determine their prognostic significance. The expression of 12 proteins in RSCs and TILs from 88 diagnostic cHL biopsies was quantitated and correlated to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD25, PD1, TIA1, MUM1, and ZAP70 expression in RSCs did not correlate with OS or PFS, nor did programmed death 1 (PD1) expression in TILs. High numbers of TIA1-positive TILs (≥50%) correlated with OS (P=0.027), but not PFS (P=0.993) in univariate analysis. Expression of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, and/or TIA1 (6%) in RSCs was associated with lymphocyte-rich/mixed-cellularity subtype (P=0.032). High International Prognostic Score (IPS; P=0.036), and high stage (P=0.046) were independent predictors of worse PFS in univariate analysis. Low IPS (P=0.003) and nodular sclerosing subtype (P=0.022) were associated with better OS in univariate analysis. Only the IPS predicted OS in multivariate (P=0.009) analysis. High TIA1+ TILs correlated with worse clinical outcomes for cHLs, as did PAX5-RSCs (P=0.024), although only 2/74 cases were shown to be negative for this marker, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment and a transcription factor crucial for B-cell development are critical biological determinants of the disease course.
Mechanism of regulation of ‘chromosome kissing’ induced by Fob1 and its physiological significance
Authors: Choudhury Malay , Zaman Shamsu , Jiang James C. , Jazwinski S. Michal , Bastia Deepak
Published: June 2015

Protein-mediated “chromosome kissing” between two DNA sites in trans (or in cis) is known to facilitate three-dimensional control of gene expression and DNA replication. However, the mechanisms of regulation of the long-range interactions are unknown. Here, we show that the replication terminator protein Fob1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promoted chromosome kissing that initiated rDNA recombination and controlled the replicative life span (RLS). Oligomerization of Fob1 caused synaptic (kissing) interactions between pairs of terminator (Ter) sites that initiated recombination in rDNA. Fob1 oligomerization and Ter–Ter kissing were regulated by intramolecular inhibitory interactions between the C-terminal domain (C-Fob1) and the N-terminal domain (N-Fob1). Phosphomimetic substitutions of specific residues of C-Fob1 counteracted the inhibitory interaction. A mutation in either N-Fob1 that blocked Fob1 oligomerization or C-Fob1 that blocked its phosphorylation antagonized chromosome kissing and recombination and enhanced the RLS. The results provide novel insights into a mechanism of regulation of Fob1-mediated chromosome kissing.
Topics and methods in forensic accounting research
Authors: DiGabriele James A. , Huber Wm. Dennis
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purposes of this paper are to highlight those topics of forensic accounting that have received little or no attention in the forensic accounting research that has been published in forensic accounting research journals; discover what research methods have been most commonly used; and identify research methods that have been infrequently used.

Design/methodology/approach

– This is a descriptive research study that explores the topics and methods used in forensic accounting research published in forensic accounting journals.

Findings

– Fraud and quantitative methods make up the largest percentage of topics and research methods published in forensic accounting journals.

Research limitations/implications

– Limited to forensic accounting journals. Results suggest forensic accounting researchers are using mimetic topics and methods of accounting research. The absence of diversity in forensic accounting research topics and methods has the potential to compromise the overall contribution of forensic accounting research.

Practical implications

– This paper identifies gaps in topics and research methods in forensic accounting research to encourage research in diverse topics using diverse methods that will be valuable to forensic accountants.

Originality/value

– This original research is the first to survey and classify research published in forensic accounting journals according to topic and method.
Metamorphosis of a kibbutz industry: an Israeli case study
Authors: Moskovich Yaffa , Achouch Yuval
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to focus on a current trend in kibbutz industries, and to examine the numerous changes at Millennium Industries.

Design/methodology/approach

– A case study was carried out documenting the organizational biography of Millennium Industries. Ethnographic interviews were held with kibbutz members employed by the organization, former CEO’s and with other workers.

Findings

– The research describes the life cycle of the plant from its beginnings, through its maturity, its growth until its decline. It also explains the organizational failure of the plant, in terms of its background and the difficulties of managing a kibbutz industry in an era of global economy. The causes of its decline stem mainly from a kibbutz-style management based on non-professional involvement of the community in business, and incompatible with the rough competition of capitalistic markets. The plant was finally sold to a private investor, thereby losing its identity as a kibbutz plant.

Research limitations/implications

– As a single case-study this research cannot pretend to statistical generalization of the findings but linked to the kibbutz and the organizational literature, findings seem to allow generalization of theoretical propositions concerning evolution of the kibbutz industry (an analytic generalization according to Yin, 2013).

Originality/value

– While the kibbutz society and its industry are involved in deep changes for the two last decades, very little research was made on kibbutz industry. This paper should contribute to actualize the social knowledge about these specific and interesting phenomena.
Enhancing sustainability through designing for adaptive reuse from the outset
Authors: Conejos Sheila , Langston Craig , Smith Jim
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to make the case for the development of an adaptive reuse rating tool targeted to new building design that maximises the embedded adaptive reuse potential of these buildings later in their life, thereby adding to built environment sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach

– This exploratory study retrospectively analyses successful adaptive reuse projects to establish and test a multi-criteria decision-making model for new design projects. This paper contains a report on the final stages of the research methodology (quantitative approach) used in the development of the adaptSTAR model that critically assesses the list of design criteria identified in the first stage of the study. Improvements to the case studies that would have further enhanced their reuse potential later in life are proposed. The results are compared to an established decision tool (adaptive reuse potential [ARP] model) to determine their level of consistency.

Findings

– The findings of this research show that design criteria can be identified and weighted according to seven categories to calculate a building’s adaptive reuse star rating. Both the adaptSTAR and ARP models exhibit a strong relationship and are positively correlated.

Originality/value

– The research demonstrates that by applying adaptSTAR to new designs, it will contribute to greater sustainability for the built environment in the long term via reducing the rate of building obsolescence.
Model to study the non-linear radiation heat transfer in the stagnation-point flow of power-law fluid
Authors: Mustafa M. , Mushtaq Ammar , Hayat T. , Alsaedi A.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate non-linear radiation heat transfer problem for stagnation-point flow of non-Newtonian fluid obeying the power-law model. Power-law fluids of both shear-thinning and shear-thickening nature have been considered.

Design/methodology/approach

– Boundary layer equations are non-dimensionalized and then solved for the numerical solutions by fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta integration based shooting technique.

Findings

– The results reveal an existence of point of inflection for the temperature distribution for sufficiently large wall to ambient temperature ratio. Moreover temperature increases and heat transfer from the plate decreases with an increase in the radiation parameter. Heat transfer rate at the sheet is bigger in dilatant (shear-thickening) fluids when compared with the pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) fluids.

Originality/value

– Different from the linear radiation heat transfer problem (which can be simply reduced to rescaling of Prandtl number by a factor containing the radiation parameter), here the energy equation is strongly non-linear and it involves an additional temperature ratio parameter

w
=T

w
/T
∞. This parameter allows studying the thermal characteristics for small/large temperature differences in the flow.
“A prison with extra flavours”: experiences of immigrants in Swedish immigration detention centres
Authors: Puthoopparambil Soorej Jose , Ahlberg Beth Maina , Bjerneld Magdalena
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The immigration detention environment largely influences the health and well-being of detainees by either aggravating medical conditions or contributing to new illness. There is limited research on how detainees experience and try to cope with this environment. The purpose of this paper is to describe experiences of detainees in Swedish immigration detention centres.

Design/methodology/approach

– Semi-structured interviews were conducted in three detention centres with a total of 21 detainees who had been detained for at least two weeks. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings

– The detainees likened immigration detention to imprisonment. They experienced lack of control over their life situation mainly through arbitrary restrictions and lack of proper response from authorities making it appear futile to seek help. This perceived lack of control forced them into passivity. Differences in amenities provided in the centres were observed and some of these were reported to assist in making detention more bearable.

Research limitations/implications

– This study provides only one stakeholder perspective. The perspectives of other stakeholders, such as detention staff, health care professionals and volunteers must be explored to improve understanding and mitigate the effects of detention.

Originality/value

– Irrespective of the better standards of detention in Sweden, the detainees considered detention as imprisonment affecting their health and well-being. If states deem detention to be necessary, improved staff-detainee interaction should be ensured through proper staff training, arbitrary restrictions within detention should be avoided and health care services should be improved.
Does the competitive orientation really lead to emphasis on different internal capabilities?
Authors: Chen Yen-Tsang , Dultra-de-Lima Ronaldo Gomes , Csillag João Mário , Oyadomari José Carlos Tiomatsu
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the organization competitive orientation can really make firms emphasize different internal capability. This paper aims to revisit and extend the study proposed by Fleury and Fleury (2003).

Design/methodology/approach

– The survey instrument was employed to collect the sample composed by 163 companies from different sectors of Brazilian market. Additionally, several statistic techniques were applied such as cluster analysis, ANOVA test and hierarchical regression analysis to investigate the phenomenon.

Findings

– It was observed that three possible clusters can be built based on cumulative capabilities perspective and the Operation oriented group has no emphasis on production, logistic nether R & D capability, while other two clusters have a distinctive attentions on their internal capabilities.

Research limitations/implications

– The limitation of this research lies in using perceptual scale for performance and few constructs with one item for measuring. On the other hand, this research has revisited the taxonomy topic based on cumulative capability perspective and discussed the trade-off concepts assumed in past studies.

Practical implications

– This study has demonstrated the absence of systematic strategy implementation of those that are considered Operational oriented. Additionally, the authors have demonstrated that market share and customer satisfaction performance are impacted by different competitive priority as well as internal capability.

Originality/value

– The authors reviewed the work proposed by Fleury and Fleury (2003), and went further in proposing a taxonomy complementation suggested by them. Additionally the authors discussed the assumptions of the taxonomies that have been adopted up today and explored this issue using cumulative capabilities concept. This work is based on competitive orientations, internal capability and cumulative capabilities suggested by seminar papers.
Alcohol-related risk and harm amongst young offenders aged 11-17
Authors: Newbury-Birch Dorothy , Jackson Katherine , Hodgson Tony , Gilvarry Eilish , Cassidy Paul , Coulton Simon , Ryan Vicky , Wilson Graeme B. , McGovern Ruth , Kaner Eileen
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) amongst young people in the criminal justice system (CJS) in the North East of England and to compare the ability of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to the Youth Justice Board ASSET tool in identifying alcohol-related need in Youth Offending Team (YOT) clients.

Design/methodology/approach

– A validated screening tool (AUDIT) was used to identify alcohol-related health risk or harm. Findings from AUDIT were compared with those of the standard criminogenic risk screening tool used in CJS (ASSET). An anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire was administered during a one-month period in 2008. The questionnaires were completed by 11-17-year-old offenders who were in contact with three YOTs, one Youth Offending Institution and one Secure Training Estate.

Findings

– In total, 429 questionnaires were completed out of a possible 639 (67 per cent). The majority (81 per cent) of the young offenders were identified as experiencing alcohol-related health risk or harm and 77 per cent scored within a possibly alcohol-dependent range. In total, 77 (30 per cent) of young people completing both assessments were identified as having an AUD by AUDIT but not identified as needing alcohol-related treatment using ASSET.

Research limitations/implications

– This research was confined to one geographical area of England, however, the results show that even in this area of high drinking by young people the levels of AUDs amongst young people in the CJS are very high.

Social implications

– There are major social implications to this research. It is imperative for changes to be made to the care pathways in place in the UK for young people coming through the CJS with alcohol-related issues.

Originality/value

– This paper adds to the evidence base by using well-validated tools to measure alcohol use amongst young people in the CJS in the UK.
Mental health literacy for anxiety disorders: how perceptions of symptom severity might relate to recognition of psychological distress
Authors: Paulus Daniel J. , Wadsworth Lauren Page , Hayes-Skelton Sarah A.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– Improving mental health literacy is an important consideration when promoting expedient and effective treatment seeking for psychological disorders. Low recognition serves as a barrier to treatment and the purpose of this paper is to examine recognition by lay individuals of severity for three psychological disorders: social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and major depression using a dimensional approach.

Design/methodology/approach

– Vignettes of mild/subclinical, moderate, and severe cases of each disorder were rated for severity by a team of expert assessors and 270 participants (mean age=26.8; 76.7 percent women).

Findings

– Difference ratings were calculated comparing participants’ responses to scores from the assessors. A within-groups factorial ANOVA with LSD follow-up was performed to examine the effects ofDiagnosisandSeverityon difference ratings. Both main effects (Diagnosis,F(2, 536)=35.26,Mse=1.24;Severity,F(2, 536)=9.44,Mse=1.93) and the interaction were significant (F(4, 1,072)=13.70,Mse=1.13) allp’s < 0.001. Social anxiety cases were under-rated in the mild/subclinical and moderate cases, generalized anxiety cases were under-rated at all three severities, and major depression cases were over-rated at all three severities.

Social implications

– Judgments of severity may underlie the low recognition rates for social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Future efforts should focus on improved recognition and education regarding anxiety disorders in the population, particularly before they become severe.

Originality/value

– This project demonstrates the importance of considering judgments of symptom severity on a continuum, and in a range of cases, rather than just the ability to correctly label symptoms, when determining whether or not people recognize psychological disorders.
Uses and risks of microblogging in organisational and educational settings
Authors: Ahmad Kharman Shah Nordiana , Latif Shabgahi Soureh , Cox Andrew M.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

The paper aims to clarify the relationship between organisational and educational use of microblogging. Although enterprise and education are very different sectors of activity and have diverse research traditions, this review argues that there is a benefit to be derived from comparing research work across the two settings.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper conducted a thematic analysis of research literature on microblogging for the two fields. The collection comprised around 30 papers on enterprise microblogging (EMB), defined as use of microblogging primarily with internal organisational audiences behind the firewall. Twenty‐five research papers on microblogging in higher education (MIHE) made up the rest of the corpus. A generic framework of uses and risks of microblogging was produced and it is the main contribution of the paper.

Findings

The comparison of the literature on microblogging in the two sectors has led to the development and evaluation of a generic framework, which graphically presents its use and risks. The paper has introduced some ideas about how microblogging is used and they are potentially useful for the other context, for instance, the concept of awareness from the organisational literature. While the organisational literature has a major focus on risk, this appreciation is far less developed in the educational context; increasing such an emphasis would improve employability.

Research limitations/implications

Most of the research on EMB to date has been about uses of microblogging in large organisations, often information technology based. Research on MIHE has been experiments on the effect of microblogging in learning and classroom activities. Therefore, there is room to expand research beyond these settings.

Practical implications

The developed framework can be a useful guide for other researchers to explore issues around microblogging in different settings, such as educators using microblogging for research or use in other contexts. It is helpful to researchers to see how different theoretical concepts and research methods might be deployed in another context. The framework might also be used for comparing other technologies apart from Web 2.0/microblogging.

Originality/value

The paper has been the first review that we are aware of that has concentrated on the uses and risks of microblogging technologies in these particular contexts, organisation and education.
CAD/CAM‐fabricated implant‐supported restorations: a systematic review
Authors: Patzelt Sebastian Berthold Maximilian , Spies Benedikt C. , Kohal Ralf J.
Published: June 2015

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize the available literature related to CAD/CAM‐fabricated implant‐supported restorations.

Materials and methods

A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the Cochrane Library and the US Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health databases (Pubmed). Several search runs with specific search terms were performed and combined. All published papers available on the databases up to January 15, 2015 were considered with primarily no restrictions.

Results

About 12 of 3484 identified papers met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in the present review. One paper reported results on implant‐supported single crowns (SCs), one on partial fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), and 10 papers reported results on full‐arch screw‐retained FDPs. Publications on SCs and FDPs were very limited but it was possible to identify 10 papers reporting adequate results on full‐arch screw‐retained FDPs. Survival rates ranged between 92% and 100% with observation times of 1–10 years.

Conclusion

The available data provided promising results for CAD/CAM‐fabricated implant‐supported restorations; nonetheless, current evidence is limited due to the quality of available studies and the paucity of data on long‐term clinical outcomes of 5 years or more. In the sense of an evidence‐based dentistry, the authors recommend further studies designed as randomized controlled clinical trials and reported according to the CONSORT statement.
Simulating tropical forage growth and biomass accumulation: an overview of model development and application
Authors: Andrade A. S. , Santos P. M. , Pezzopane J. R. M. , de Araujo L. C. , Pedreira B. C. , Pedreira C. G. S. , Marin F. R. , Lara M. A. S.
Published: June 2015

Crop models can aid the synthesis and application of knowledge, planning of experiments and forecasting in agricultural systems. Few studies have reviewed the uses and applications of these models for tropical forages. The purpose of this study was to review the information available in this scientific area, highlighting the main models, their applications and limitations. Several empirical models have been developed to predict the growth and biomass accumulation of tropical forages, especially for the genera Cynodon, Paspalum, Panicum and Brachiaria. Their application, however, is often location or region specific. The adaptation of mechanistic models to accurately predict biomass accumulation in tropical grasses is still limited. Recent advances have been made on the plot‐scale and farm‐scale process‐based models ALMANAC, CROPGRO Perennial Forage and agricultural production systems simulator (APSIM), with promising results. In addition, global‐scale process‐based models, such as the Century Agroecosystem Model and the Orchidee Grassland Management Model, have been tested for tropical grassland areas. A greater number of region‐specific calibrations of empirical models can enhance their use, and improved databases and model parameterizations for a wide range of tropical grasses will enable the continuous improvement of mechanistic models.
Reconsideration of BCR‐ABL protein flow cytometric immunobead assay: how potent to diagnose and monitor chronic myeloid leukemia?
Authors: Kelani R. , Monem F.
Published: June 2015

Introduction

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is typically associated with the Philadelphia chromosome, resulting in the production of BCR‐ABL fusion oncoprotein with upregulated tyrosine kinase activity. We aimed to evaluate a new flow cytometric immunobead assay to detect BCR‐ABL protein in a group of patients with CML.

Methods

We enrolled 49 patients with CML, whose qRT‐PCR and/or cytogenetic analysis of Philadelphia chromosome aberration was available, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)‐naïve and (TKIs)‐treated patients with various levels of response. Twenty Philadelphia‐negative healthy individuals were also enrolled to obtain analytical negative controls. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed for BCR‐ABL fusion protein by flow cytometry.

Results

The BCR‐ABL fusion protein flow cytometric assay seemed efficacious to both diagnose the presence (P‐value <0.0001) and distinguish the levels (P‐value = 0) of the Philadelphia chromosome aberration. Groups of TKI‐naïve and TKI‐treated patients as well as levels of molecular/cytogenetic response to TKI‐therapy were effectively discriminated (P‐value <0.01). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated the diagnostic value of the assay as excellent (AUC = 0.95, P‐value = 0).

Conclusions

The evaluated BCR‐ABL fusion protein assay might be useful for diagnosing and monitoring Philadelphia chromosome aberration.