bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Chemistry Electronic Module Based on Guided Discovery Learning on Teaching Chemical Bonding
Authors: Maghfirotika Larah , Nurjayadi Muktiningsih , Kurniadewi Fera
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic had many impacts on education. The teaching and learning process was done through distance learning and was carried out online through several online platforms and media. This study aimed to produce an independent learning media for students in the form of an online module based on the Guided Discovery Learning model in the class on chemical bonding of class X in senior high school. This study used the methods outlined in Research and Development by Borg and Gall (2003) and followed the descriptive quantitative method. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The module was validated by three experts for content and language and also validated by three experts for media and graphics. The module was also trialled by 20 students in grade 10 science, 35 college students in the chemistry education program and 8 chemistry teachers. The ratings that were given by experts, students, and teachers from the validation and trial stages can be categorized as good and up to very good, so it can be concluded that the module is feasible to be used as a learning media on in the class on chemical bonding of class 10 in senior high school.
Keywords: online module, guided discovery learning model, chemical bonding
3D Hologram: An Alternative Media for Learning Science in Elementary School in the Post-COVID-19 Period
Authors: Carlian Yayan , Mir'ayatul Hayati Sukma , Marthyane Pratiwi Inne
Published: April 2024

The spread of COVID-19 shifted school classes from offline to online. Online learning caused saturation in students. Innovative teaching methods help teachers make students play an active role in learning. A 3D hologram is a visual technique that utilizes reflecting objects or glass so that objects seem to be in the real world. This research aimed to develop a 3D hologram that is effectively used in the post-COVID-19 period by obtaining feasibility and response scores from users. This medium was designed using the Borg and Gall development model’s Research and Development (RnD) method. The population of this study was sixth graders of SDN Pasirhuni for a limited trial. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, media and material validation questionnaires, and responses from teachers and students. The length of the manufacturing process and the expensive manufacturing costs were refuted in this study by producing 3D hologram media that is easy to make, utilizing used goods, and fairly cheap. So that teachers, students, and the community can try to create and use their hologram 3D media at home or school. The results showed that 3D hologram media can be an effective learning medium used in the post-COVID-19 learning process.
Keywords: 3D Hologram, Learning Science, Post-COVID-19
The ASAM.ID Application as a Learning Media for Environmental Literacy
Authors: Nasrudin Dindin , Rochman Chaerul , Septiani Pian
Published: April 2024

Garbage is a crucial problem that must be resolved by all parties, including universities. Universities can contribute to efforts to increase community literacy in waste management through the development of learning applications. This paper aimed to describe the ASAM.ID application development process and its feasibility to be used as an alternative learning media in increasing students’ environmental literacy in waste management. The application development process began with making flowcharts and developing application designs and content. The validation results of content and media experts showed that the ASAM.ID application can be used as an alternative learning media to increase students’ environmental literacy. This study recommends this application be tested in science learning to see its effectiveness and implemented on a broader scale.
Keywords: ASAM.ID Application, Learning Media, Environmental Literacy
Students' Perspectives on Selecta Capita of Mathematics Online Course on Their Ability to Develop Mathematics Task
Authors: Satrio Ardiansyah Adi , Andi Nugroho Muhammad , Surya Maulana Bagus , Setyanti Kurnia , Disi Prasetya Berlian
Published: April 2024

The main problem in implementing online lectures is how to adjust what students expect with the achievement of learning quality. This study examines students’ perspectives on effective lectures on the ability to develop mathematics task. Quantitative descriptive research has been carried out on students of the mathematics education study program Universitas Negeri Semarang who took the Selecta Capita of Mathematics course. The subjects in this study were 101 first-year students in the mathematics education study program at Semarang State University for the 2021/2022 academic year. The data were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed by the descriptive statistics. The data that had been obtained and then tabulated in a table, the average value is searched, and presented in the appropriate graph. The results of the study indicate that the availability of learning modules and videos as learning resources is the most important thing that must be prepared during lectures. Furthermore, several other things such as synchronous lectures, discussions using the WhatsApp Group, the use of the learning management system, group assignments, virtual face-to-face meetings, and project assignments need to be prepared during lectures. These results are needed to be applied on team-based project learning models to develop students’ abilities in developing math tasks.
Keywords: students’ perspectives, selecta capita, mathematics online course, mathematics task
Improving Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities through Think Pair Share Learning Using Autograph
Authors: Nida Siregar Rama , Suryadi Didi , Prabawanto Sufyani , . Abdul Mujib
Published: April 2024

There are many studies on technology-supported learning based on cooperative learning in the literature. However, little is known about Autograph-assisted think pair share learning in supporting students’ problem-solving abilities for learning in today’s technological era. This study aims to examine and analyze the differences in the improvement of students’ problem-solving abilities who participate in think pair share learning assisted by Autograph (Auto-TPS) and conventional learning assisted by Autograph (Auto-CL). This study uses quantitative methods with the design used in this study is a nonequivalent control group design involving two groups of students. The sample of this study was 70 students of class IX SMP Al Ulum Medan, Indonesia. Questions to test students’ mathematical problem-solving skills found five items. Data analysis includes data processing of test results, namely normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis testing, and average difference test in the two groups using t-test. The conclusion of this study is that students who study with Auto-TPS get a higher increase in problem-solving abilities compared to students who learn with Auto-CL, with the explanation that the group of students who study Auto-TPS is very good when compared to the group student learning Auto-CL. Research findings related to the application of Auto-TPS can be an alternative learning model in the current technology-era learning situation.
Keywords: autograph, mathematics, problem-solving abilities, think pair share learning
Mobile Game Prototype for Fractional Concept in Elementary School
Authors: Anggraeni Maharbid Dian Anggraeni Maharbid , Herman Tatang , Setiawan Wawan
Published: April 2024

This research aims to create a prototype of a mobile game that can be used as an instructional media for mathematics learning in school and then test the effectiveness of the product for the result. This research uses the research and development (R&D) method with the subject of research being 35 students of the third-grade elementary school in Cirebon. The process of creating mobile game prototypes consists of analyzing the user’s needs, prototype design, trial and error, evaluation and revision, validation, implementation, and the final result of a prototype. In analyzing a user’s needs the following steps were included, analysis of the curriculum, content, concepts, and characteristics of users, in this case, are 3rd-grade students in elementary school. The main content of this research is fraction concepts such as knowing their concept, the symbols, comparing fractions, their equal value, sorting fractions, and adding or subtracting fractions with the same denominator. All the analysis was put into prototype design to create flowcharts, storyboards, and interfaces. The results of the prototype design were then tested by trial and error on small samples. After revision, the final prototype then got validation from expert judgment with notes that can be implemented.
Keywords: elementary school, fractional concept, mobile game
The Effectiveness of Web-based Inductive Learning Assisted on GeoGebra
Authors: Efrida Muchlis Effie , Priatna Nanang , Afgani Dahlan Jarnawi
Published: April 2024

This research used web-based inductive learning that facilitated plane geometry learning, where the learning was carried out online. It was hypothesized that students could learn the concept of plane geometry better when students were involved in the induction process with the help of GeoGebra software. They did explore with GeoGebra software to form several examples of the concept, testing the patterns that existed in the examples, and generalized the findings into new knowledge. With the help of the web and GeoGebra software, students could carry out their own learning and make their own discoveries. To test the effectiveness of web-based inductive learning, two classes were involved in the research, they were students of the Mathematics education study program Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu who took plane geometry class in the even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year as many as 68 students. This research was a quasi-experimental research with a post-test-only control group design. The instrument used for measurement was a description test. Based on the data analysis, it was found that the learning outcomes using web-based inductive learning assisted on GeoGebra were better than those using the expository method.
Keywords: web, inductive learning, geogebra
Utilization of Video-based Laboratory (VBL) Using Tracker for Analysis of Object Motion on the Laboratory-Scaled Mini Roller Coaster
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Dwi , Maulidah Rifa'atul , Rifatul Mahmudah Ifa , Sofi Makiyah Yanti
Published: April 2024

The use of teaching aids in learning can provide direct learning experiences to students so that learning becomes more meaningful. Students observe physics phenomena that occur and get physics data from these phenomena. The observed physics phenomena often happen very quickly, so it is impossible to record data manually. Therefore, a method is needed to facilitate data recording and analysis. One way to use a video-based laboratory (VBL) is by utilizing a tracker. This method allows for analyzing the objects contained in a video and displays the data in graphs and tables. This study aims to investigate the motion of objects using tracker video analysis on a mini-roller coaster tool. The video analyzed is a video of a solid ball-shaped object with a mass of 8.6 g moving along a roller-coaster trajectory. By tracking an object, physics data will be obtained to analyze acceleration and the law of conservation of mechanical energy. The analysis results match the experimental results and the physics concepts that apply to the roller coaster motion.
Keywords: video-based laboratory (VBL), tracker, laboratory-scaled mini roller coaster
Development of Assessment Instruments to Measure Scientific Performance
Authors: Rahmawati Sunarya Risa , Hidayani Ega , Farida Ida
Published: April 2024

This research aims to develop a scientific performance assessment instrument in the laboratory in experiment of analyzing the content of a compound in loose powder. The assessment instrument developed is in the form of worksheets and performance assessment sheets and rubrics. The method used in this research is design-based research (DBR) with two stages, namely the analysis stage and product design development. Data collection was carried out by validation tests to expert lecturers and the results were analyzed. The results of the validation test of scientific performance assessment instruments in the form of worksheets obtained a value of rcount = 0.83 and performance assessment sheets rcount = 0.84. This value indicates that both instruments are valid.
Keywords: development, assessment instruments, science performance
The Use of Google Classroom in Physics Course: Students' Perception
Authors: Furqon Muhammad , Sinaga Parlindungan , . Liliasari , Septem Riza Lala
Published: April 2024

The use of the learning management system (LMS) in online learning has impacted the development of science and technology in the field of education. One of the major LMS that is frequently used today is Google Classroom. This study intends to evaluate student impressions of utilizing Google Classroom as an LMS in online physics learning. The method utilized by the researcher is the qualitative method. A total of 12 physics education students from one of the universities in Indonesia were involved as respondents in the interviews performed. The interview data were evaluated through the stages of organization, transcription, exploration, coding, theme formulation, and description based on the theme. The conclusions in this study consist of advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and suggestions for Google Classroom as an LMS relating to accessibility, connectivity, features, navigation, notifications, data plans, bandwidth, device memory, and display. A further study employing more respondents or from a teachers’ or lecturers’ perspective can be undertaken to provide a more comprehensive understanding of student perceptions of using Google Classroom as an LMS.
Keywords: google classroom, physics course, students’ perception
Portraying Critical and Creative Thinking Skills of Chemistry Teachers Candidate in Biochemistry Laboratory Activity
Authors: Unwakoly Semuel , . Liliasari , SH Munawaroh Heli
Published: April 2024

Critical and creative thinking skills are two important aspects that must be exerted to prepare globally competent chemistry teacher candidates. Developing global competence is about how to see teaching practice using a new lens. Minimizing the role of lecturer and making students more active through experimental activities can facilitate the development of both critical and creative thinking skills. Therefore, this study aims to picture the critical and creative thinking skills of chemistry teacher candidates and their motivation in biochemistry laboratory. This case study research involved 38 students’ chemistry teacher candidates as research participants. The data was collected through curriculum document analysis, observations, interviews, and tests for measuring critical and creative thinking skills in biochemistry laboratory activities. Curriculum analysis revealed that the majority of the procedures used in biochemistry laboratories are in cookbook lab-style format. A step-by-step laboratory procedure with a dominant expository method was observed during the teaching process, which was designed to develop only critical thinking skills. The results indicate that critical and creative thinking skills in biochemistry laboratory activities are at a low level, with the average scores obtained through the tests are 45.20% and 33.80%, respectively. Students’ motivation to study in the laboratory was found at a moderate level of 68.00%, suggesting a moderate desire to learn and the satisfaction experienced in the learning process and learning outcome.
Keywords: portraying critical, creative thinking skills, biochemistry laboratory activity
PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 E O PROCESSO DE AMAMENTAÇÃO POR MÃES INFECTADAS
Authors: Moreira Schmalfuss Joice , Sbeghen de Moraes Caroline , Gaio Gabriela , Potrich Tassiana , Netto de Brum Crhis , Spiegelberg Zuge Samuel
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Mapear as repercussões da pandemia de COVID-19 no processo de amamentação por mães infectadas pela SARS-CoV-2. Método: Scoping review, nas bases de dados CINAHL, Elsevier, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS-Elsevier e Web of Science, utilizando MeSH e DeCS, no período de dezembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Resultados: Foram incluídos 44 artigos. A análise fez emergir duas categorias: “Repercussões negativas da pandemia na amamentação”, como a redução das visitas de familiares, desmame precoce, separação do binômio e repercussões psicológicas e “Adaptações no quotidiano de cuidado ao binômio e família”, que abordou aspectos do acompanhamento dos profissionais de saúde, presencial ou virtualmente, adoção de medidas de precaução e lactação por ligação virtual. Conclusão: A pandemia contribuiu para o desmame precoce, adequação do contexto familiar e do processo de cuidar, assim como a utilização de tecnologias em saúde como ferramenta para a manutenção do cuidado.
Identification of the Composition and Assessment of the Influence of the Solid Hydrocarbon Phase in the Reservoir on the Behavior of the Mobile Fluid of the Bazhenov Formation During the Reservoir Development
Authors: Yushchenko T.S. , Sannikova I.A. , Kulkov M.G. , Brusilovsky A.I. , Salakhidinova G.T. , Aliev A.E. , Gavrilov A.E.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to identify the composition of the initial reservoir hydrocarbon (HC) system of the Bazhenov formation, as well as to assess the influence of the presence of a heavy solid hydrocarbon phase (bitumen) in the formation on the production of mobile fluids using PVT modeling methods. The article describes the necessary experiments to determine the component composition of the C81+ fraction and the PVT properties of the formation mobile fluid taken from the well and the bitumen extract from the rock, and also presents their results. In addition, the properties of fractions up to C81+ were calculated depending on the molecular weight for PVT modeling (extension of the Katz-Firuzabadi table). One of the important parts of the article is the assessment of the ratio of bound and free oil in the original reservoir system. Based on geochemical research data, an analysis was performed to assess the component composition of the original system (using the example of the Bazhenov Formation) using rock pyrolysis and studying formation fluid and bitumen. Using the results of studies of reservoir fluid samples, a PVT model was built and tuned. This PVT model was used to assess the properties of the initial reservoir hydrocarbon system and was adjusted to the fraction of the solid phase in the reservoir at the initial reservoir conditions. After this, based on the PVT model, an assessment was made of the influence of the presence of a solid phase in the composition of the reservoir system on the behavior of a mobile hydrocarbon fluid during reservoir development for depletion, as well as on the use of enhanced oil recovery methods (injection of associated petroleum gas and thermal methods of influencing the reservoir).
Consumer Behavioural Patterns Towards Milk and Dairy Products: An Analytical Investigation of an Indian Dairy Supply Chain
Authors: Chaturvedi Anand Kr. , Singh Rachna , Tiwari Chandra Kr.
Published: April 2024

Background: India has the most significant milk production and consumption level in the world. Fluid milk consumption will rise to 90 million metric tons in FY 2024 (Annual Report 202-23, United States Department of Agriculture). Milk is an essential component of daily diet in every age segment in India. Consumers’ behaviour and consumption patterns are based on their choices and preferences about product quality, price and preferences. This article critically investigates the consumer perception towards indigenous dairy markets and their consumption and behavioural pattern. Methods: Quantitative approach and Multiple Logistic Linear Regression Analysis (MLLRA) technique was used to test the hypothesis to establish a direct and indirect relationship among endogenous and exogenous variables. The sample was drawn from rural and urban regions of India’s top ten milk-producing states. Result: The research findings suggested a significant relationship between the direct and indirect role of consumers buying behaviour characteristics towards milk and dairy products and their satisfaction level. This research is limited to milk processors, dairy companies and dairy scientists in the field of marketing and dairy research. Dairy Farmers, Processors and Producers are vigilant about the quality of food products, especially milk delivered to their end users and their value-addition in the Milk Supply Chain (MSC) and logistics. In the past three years, during the unprecedented COVID-19, consumers’ consciousness level about health and well-being has been argued.
Genetic Variability and Correlation Studies for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Gogoi Labhya Rani , Behera Partha Pratim , Borah Nayanmoni , Sarma Ramendra Nath
Published: April 2024

Background: Mungbean is one important short duration pulse mostly grown in South and Southeast Asia. The level of variability available in the germplasm influences how well a breeding programme would be productive. Understanding the nature and extent of genetic diversity in breeding material is greatly helped by estimates of genetic variability parameters and character associations. The current study aimed to study genetic variability and character associations in mungbean for yield and its attributes, pre-requisite for formulating an effective breeding programme. Methods: The present experiments were carried out with 107 mungbean genotypes collected from NBPGR (New Delhi) and AAU-Zonal research station, Shillongani. The genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design over two replications for yield and yield attributing traits at the experimental farm Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during 2020-2021. Result: The traits like yield per plant, number of branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, plant height, 100 seeds weight and peduncle length exhibited a high to medium magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV). Additionally, these traits showed high heritability and high genetic advance. The correlation studies revealed significant positive relationships between yield and all the assessed traits, with the exception of shelling percentage. The results of the path analysis indicated that a few traits, such as the number of pods per plant and the weight of 100 seeds, had a significant positive impact on seed yield. This suggests that when selecting for seed yield in mungbean, it would be advantageous to take into account these traits.
Penundaan Kematangan Buah Mangga Arumanis Pada Berbagai Umur Petik Menggunakan Etilen Adsorber
Authors: Rahmaniar Chairunnisa , Darmawati Emmy , Widayanti Siti Mariana
Published: April 2024

Arumanis mango is a tropical fruit with high economic value for export. One of the technologies that can be used is ethylene adsorber which is applied according to the picking date of mango and the duration of the delay in ripeness (green life phase) required for export. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of using ethylene adsorber and mango green life phase on the physical quality and eating quality of Arumanis mangoes at different picking dates, thats 100 (P1) and 110 (P2) HSBM (Days After Flowers Bloom). Ethylene adsorber bag (EAB) was applied to mangoes packaged using LDPE plastic weighing 1,000±50g. The green life phase studied was 32 and 48 days since the EAB was applied. During the green life phase, mangoes were stored at 13±2℃. EAB was removed from the packaging according to the green life phase. The results showed that the EAB application could maintain the green life of mangoes with a shelf-life scenario of 32 days. Mangoes were ready to be consumed from the first day EAB was released. The time from ripe until the panelists did not accept the mangoes was four days, thus the length of time was 36 days from storage until they were not accepted for consumption. Eating quality expressed in oBrix, showed that mangoes delayed with EAB yielded a value of 12,3oBrix for P1 and 17.3oBrix for P1, while the control yielded values of 13,7oBrix for P1 and 16.8oBrix for P2.
Non-Destructive Prediction of Chemical Content in Palm Oil Fruit Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Adiarifia Nissa , Budiastra I Wayan , Mardjan Sutrisno Suro
Published: April 2024

Oil and water content are an important quality criteria of crude palm oil (CPO) resulted from palm oil fruit processing. Those contents are usually determined using chemical method in the laboratory. This method is time consuming, long procedure, and destructive. Some efforts had been carried out to determine oil and water content of palm oil fruit non-destructively using some methods including Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), but the results had not been satisfied. This research aims to assess Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and NIRS method to predict oil and water content of palm oil fruit’s non-destructively. The samples were palm oil fruits with ten maturity levels harvested from plantation in Bogor. Sample’s reflectance was measured with spectrometer NIR-Flex 500 at wavelength of 1000-2500 nm. After that, oil and water content were determined using chemical method. Some pre-treatments of NIR spectra namely normalization, savitzky-golay first derivative, their combinations, and standard normal variate were applied. Multivariate analysis such as PLS were carried out and the results of Factor Component  (FC) were input for ANN model. The result showed the best method to predict oil content was combination savitzky-golay first derivative and normalization pre-treatment using PLS-ANN with 20 FC (R2=0.99; SEC=0,58%, RPD = 29.89; CV = 2.47%). For water content, the best prediction was standard normal variate pre-treatment using PLS-ANN with 20 FC (R2=0.99; SEC=1,07%, RPD=20.68; CV=1,73%). The result shows that developed ANN and NIRS can predict oil and water content of palm oil fruit non-destructively.
Characterization of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids in Chlorophyll f Producing Cyanobacteria from Shaded Niches
Authors: Boukar Mamadou Chetima Maina , Saley Moussa Diagara , Bagana Mai Moussa Chetima , Wang Kai , Zhang Zhong-Chun , Qiu Bao-Sheng , Ali Mahamane
Published: April 2024

Cyanobacteria are the oldest photoautotrophic prokaryotes that can perform plant-like oxygenic photosynthesis. The obligate requirement of sunlight for photosynthesis inevitably exposes cyanobacteria to UV radiation. Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) played necessary roles in protecting cyanobacteria from UV radiation and were frequently reported in cyanobacteria exposed to high light radiation. Here, the MAA production was tried in the chlorophyll f-producing cyanobacterial strains isolated from the shaded environments. Four Chroococcidiopsis strains were finally induced to produce MAAs under 0.15 W·m-2 of UV-B exposure, and the MAA contents increased along with the prolonged UV-B treatments in these four Chroococcidiopsis strains. After separation by HPLC system, one MAA type was detected at the similar retention times in the methanol extracts of Chroococcidiopsis strains, and all the MAA compounds showed in-line absorption at 310 nm and mass spectra 246 m/z. The absorption spectra and mass spectra matched well the characteristics of the simplest MAA mycosporine-glycine. Chroococcidiopsis had the simplest MAA gene clusters for mycosporine-glycine. MAAs could also be produced in the cyanobacteria even distributed in the light-deficient niches. These results suggested other roles of MAAs in addition to UV-B protection in the special cyanobacteria from shaded environments.
La Politique Économique en Débat : Une Approche Critique
Authors: Dkhissi Atman
Published: April 2024

Cet Article est une analyse critique des politiques économiques depuis 1945. Il s’articule autour de quatre moments clefs : De 1945 à 1980 : le keynésianisme, connaissant son apogée aux années 1940 et 1960, commence à s’essouffler depuis le début des années 1970, laissant place à une contre-révolution libérale. De 1980 à 2008 : Une pensée post-consensus de Washington nourrit les critiques contre les thérapeutiques proposées par les institutions de Bretton Woods et remet en question l'hégémonie doctrinale de ces dernières. Le monde après la crise financière de 2008 : malgré des politiques de relance budgétaires temporaires, un nouveau consensus pour la rigueur budgétaire s’installe. L’économie mondiale depuis la COVID : le keynésianisme renaît de ses cendres avec le retour des plans de relance, alors que le monde peine à rembourser sa dette COVID. Récemment, les politiques de normalisation monétaire s’imposent. This article is a critical analysis of economic policies since 1945. It revolves around four key moments: From 1945 to 1980: Keynesianism, reaching its peak in the 1940s and 1960s, started to decline in the early 1970s, giving way to a liberal counterrevolution. From 1980 to 2008: A post-Washington Consensus thinking fueled critiques against the proposed therapies by Bretton Woods institutions and questioned their doctrinal hegemony. The world after the 2008 financial crisis: Despite temporary budgetary stimulus policies, a new consensus for fiscal austerity emerged. The global economy since COVID: Keynesianism rises from the ashes with the return of stimulus plans, while the world struggles to repay its COVID debt. Recently, policies for monetary normalization have come to the fore.
Évaluation de l’Impact du COVID-19 sur la Filière Thonière au Port d’Abidjan (Cȏte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Hien Dékoun Justin , Kouman Koffi Mouroufié , Koffie-Bikpo Céline Yolande
Published: April 2024

La crise sanitaire coronavirus qu’a connu le monde à partir de décembre 2019 a causé d’importants bouleversements sur divers plans. Les répercussions sur les activités économiques ont été, pour la plupart, causées par l’ensemble des mesures de restriction adoptées par les différents États pour freiner la propagation du virus. Face à cette pandémie, l’État ivoirien a été très réactif dès le début de la crise. L’état d’urgence a été déclaré le 23 mars 2020 et a eu des impacts néfastes sur plusieurs secteurs d’activité. La filière thonière ivoirienne, marquée par une forte mobilité aussi bien nationale qu’internationale, n’a pas été épargnée par ces impacts. Le présent article est une contribution à l’évaluation des impacts néfastes de cette crise sur la filière thonière au port d’Abidjan. Réalisé à partir de la recherche documentaire et d’enquêtes de terrain, il en ressort que l’impact du COVID-19 sur la filière thonière est très multiforme. La filière informelle du faux thon a été plus impactée que celle de la transformation industrielle et ses industries annexes. The coronavirus health crisis that the world has experienced since December 2019 has caused significant upheaval on various levels. The impact on economic activities was, for the most part, caused by all the restrictive measures adopted by the various States to curb the spread of the virus. Faced with this pandemic, the Ivorian State has been very reactive since the beginning of the crisis. The state of emergency was declared on March 23, 2020 and had negative impacts on several sectors of activity. The tuna industry in Côte d'Ivoire, marked by strong national and international mobility, has not been spared from these impacts. This article is a contribution to the assessment of the adverse impacts of this crisis on the tuna industry at the port of Abidjan. Based on documentary research and field surveys, it appears that the impact of COVID-19 on the tuna industry is very multifaceted. The informal sector of fake tuna has been more impacted than that of industrial processing and its related industries.
Explores the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance in the Bangladeshi Microfinance Sector: Organizational Innovation is a Mediating Factor
Authors: Akhter Parul , Chaity Naznin Sultana
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance, whereas organizational innovation focuses as a mediating variable in the microfinance organization in Bangladesh. The current study looks at the relationships between organizational culture, organizational performance, and organizational innovation plays mediating factor role. The study used a self-administered questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. The data were collected from 300 middle and senior managers and considered top fifty microfinance organizations in Bangladesh. The hypotheses and connections between the constructs were empirically tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) along with the partial least squares (PLS) approach. The findings indicate that organizational culture is favorably and significantly related to organizational innovation and firm performance. Organizational innovation has a strong positive impact on organizational performance. Organizational innovation, on the other hand, mediates the indirect relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance. The study's findings indicate that executives and policy-developers should focus on business culture and organizational innovation in addition for increasing efficiency and maintaining a competitive advantage.
Design of a Smoker-Dryer for Chicken
Authors: Guidzavai Alphonse Sawalda , Ndjiya Ngasop , Tchami Hilaire , Njintang Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Chicken breeders, particularly those in Ngaoundéré-Cameroon, after 45 days of breeding find themselves confronted with the problems of wasting nutrients and resources. In most cases, they sell their chicken at low prices to avoid expenses. Faced with these problems, a few of them use various methods to preserve their chicken after 45 days of breeding, including cold preservation, smoking and drying. Cold preservation is the most widely used technique, but this technique is energy-intensive, without forgetting the untimely power cuts, and the deterioration of the quality of the product. By getting closer to its stakeholders, we were able to identify their difficulties, why they use cold preservation more and they also entrusted us with the characteristics of equipment that could meet their requirements. In this article we presented the results from functional analysis to 3D modeling through the search for solutions to resolve contradictions. It emerges from this study that the designed model guarantees food safety, user safety, retains all nutrients, ergonomic, uses fewer resources, fast, adaptable to any type and size of smoking products and that it is possible to achieve it industrially.
Exploring the History, Uses, and Dangers of Belladonna: Unveiling the Mysteries of the Deadly Nightshade
Authors: Nikandish Mehrasa
Published: April 2024

Belladonna (Atropa belladonna) is a plant with a rich history, renowned for its beauty and lethality. This review synthesizes existing literature to provide an overview of belladonna, covering its historical significance, medicinal uses, toxicity, regulatory status, and cultural references. Belladonna's alkaloids, such as atropine and scopolamine, have medicinal value but pose significant risks due to their high toxicity. Recent research explores their pharmacotherapeutic potential, yet controversies persist regarding their safety and regulation. Safety precautions are paramount due to the plant's extreme toxicity. This review underscores the need for informed decision-making and further research to navigate the complexities of belladonna's use in contemporary healthcare.
Exploring the nexus between migration and urbanisation in the Southern Africa region
Authors: Chisasa Joseph , Khumalo Prudence
Published: April 2024

Africa is experiencing rapid urbanization, making it one of the most urbanized continents in the world. This trend is particularly evident in the Southern African regional block. With the ongoing push for enhanced regional integration, it is anticipated that there would be a rise in the migration of individuals within the region. The escalating pace of urbanization calls for a reassessment of future cities and the implications of the rural-urban split on the establishment of sustainable human settlements. This article initially analyzes the patterns of migration within the Southern Africa Development Community. Furthermore, an analysis is conducted on the factors that contribute to the significant internal migration inside member states. Furthermore, the article examines the connection between migration and urbanization in the region once again. The article employs qualitative and quantitative methodologies to examine the consequences of migration and urbanization on both the locations from which people migrate and the areas where they settle. The primary factors contributing to migration include the pursuit of economic opportunity, political instability, access to education, and climate-induced disasters. Migration and urbanization have both gotten worse in the SADC region at the same time, as shown by empirical literature, official migration documents, and quantitative time series data from the World Development Indicators. This suggests that migration causes more people to move to cities. The rise in population has led to inadequate housing, resulting in an increase in slums that surpasses the projected capacity of cities. This article suggests promoting infrastructure development that facilitates employment creation in the nations or districts of origin in order to prevent a one-way movement of migrants. Consequently, a rise in job prospects, salaries, and health conditions will result in a reduction in migration rates and alleviate the strain on numerous cities in the area.
Long Range Effects in Topologically Defective Arm-Chair Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Louis Enrique , Chiappe Guillermo , Vergés José A. , San-Fabián Emilio
Published: April 2024

The electronic structure of 7/9-AGNR superlattices with up to eight unit cells has been studied by means of state of the art Density Functional Theory (DFT) and also by two model Hamiltonians, the first one including only local interactions (Hubbard model, Hu) while the second one is extended to allow long-range Coulomb interactions (Pariser, Parr and Pople model, PPP). Both are solved within mean field approximation. At this approximation level, our calculations show that 7/9 interfaces are better described by spin non-polarized solutions than by spin-polarized wavefunctions. Consequently, both Hu and PPP Hamiltonians lead to electronic structures characterized by a gap at the Fermi level that diminishes as the size of the system increases. DFT results show similar trends although a detailed analysis of the density of states around the Fermi level shows quantitative differences with both Hu and PPP models. Before improving model Hamiltonians, we interpret the electronic structure obtained by DFT in terms of bands of topological states: topological states localized at the system edges and extended bulk topological states which interact between them due to the long-range Coulomb terms of Hamiltonian. After careful analysis of the interaction among topological sates, we find that the discrepancy between ab initio and model Hamiltonians can be resolved considering a screened long-range interaction that is implemented adding an exponential cutoff to the interaction term of PPP model. In this way, an adjusted cutoff distance λ = 2 allows a good recovery of DFT results. In view of this, we conclude that the correct description of the density of states around the Fermi level (Dirac point) needs the inclusion of long-range interactions well
beyond Hubbard model but not completely unscreened as is the case for the PPP model.
L-theanine Prolongs the Lifespan by Activating Multiple Molecular Pathways in UVC Exposed C. elegans
Authors: Chen Liang wen , Chen Gui jie , Gai Ting ting , Zhou Xiu hong , Zhu Jin chi , Wang Rui yi , Wang Xue mei , Guo Yu jie , Wang Yun , Xie Zhong wen
Published: April 2024

L-Theanine, a unique non-protein amino acid, is an important bioactive component of green tea. Previous studies have shown that L-theanine has many potent health benefits, such as anti-anxiety effect, regulation of immune response, relaxing neural tension, reducing oxidative damage. However, little is known concerning whether L-theanine can improve the clearance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in organisms. Here, we reported that L-theanine treatment increased ATP production and improved mitochondrial morphology to extend the lifespan of UVC-exposed nematodes. Mechanistic investigations showed that L-theanine treatment enhanced the removal of mtDNA damage and extended lifespan by activating autophagy, mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in UVC-exposed nematodes. In addition, L-theanine treatment also up-regulated the expression of genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism in UVC-exposed nematodes. Our study provided a theoretical basis for the possibility that tea drinking may prevent mitochondrial related diseases.
Perceptions of Animal Welfare on Livestock: Evidence from College Agronomy Students in Costa Rica
Authors: Valverde Anthony , González José Andrés , Sevilla Francisco , Mora Sara , Roldan Eduardo R.S. , Vargas Celso , González Rodolfo
Published: April 2024

Ethical considerations regarding our treatment of animals have gained strength, leading to legislation and a societal focus across various disciplines. This is a subject of study within curricula related to agri-food sciences. The aim was to determine the perceptions of agronomy university students concerning animal welfare in livestock production systems. A survey was conducted to encompass various aspects, from participants' sociodemographic attributes to their attitudes and behaviors regarding animal welfare and the consumption of animal products. Statistical analysis, performed using R software, delved into the associations between participants' characteristics and their perspectives on the ethical, bioethical, and legal dimensions of animal welfare. Associations between demographic factors and ethical viewpoints among students were identified. Gender differences emerged in animal treatment perceptions, while rural and urban environments impacted perspectives on various animals. Bioethical considerations revealed distinctive disparities based on gender and education in concerns for animal welfare, value perceptions, evaluations of animal behaviors, and opinions on animal research. It is crucial to distinguish between animal welfare and ethical considerations arising from coexisting with sentient beings capable of experiencing suffering. Ethical theories provide a lens through which we perceive our obligations toward animals. The responsibility to ensure animal welfare is firmly rooted in recognizing that animals, like humans, experience pain and physical suffering. Consequently, actions causing unjustified suffering or mistreatment, particularly for entertainment purposes, are considered morally unacceptable.
All PFOs Should Be Closed
Authors: Meier Bernhard
Published: April 2024

To date, the patent foramen ovale (PFO) does not get the deserved medical attention. The PFO poses a serious threat to health and even life of mankind. The first respective case report in the medical literature dates back to the 19th century. It led to death. The fact that a PFO is present in roughly 25% of people underscores its overall potential to do harm. Yet at the same time by the sheer number, it discourages the medical community from screening for it and from treating it. About 5% of the population have particularly dangerous forms of PFOs. Such PFOs portray a high enough risk for clinical events, the likes of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or ocular, visceral, and peripheral embolism, to justify screening for them. Highly significant health incidents being at stake, it appears obvious that PFO closure should be used for primary prevention. This is supported by the fact that closing a PFO is the simplest intervention in cardiology, with presumably the highest clinical yield. Being mainly a preventive measure, PFO closure represents a mechanical vaccination. When closing PFOs for one of the rarer therapeutic indications (migraine, platypnea orthodeoxia, etc.), patients automatically profit from the collateral benefit of getting at the same time mechanically vaccinated for life against paradoxical embolism. Vice versa, closing a PFO for prevention of paradoxical embolism not infrequently betters or cures migraine or exercise dyspnea, thereby improving quality of life as a collateral benefit.
Infective Endocarditis – Characteristics and Prognosis according to the Affected Valves.
Authors: Dobreva-Yatseva Bistra Vladimirova , Nikolov Fedya , Raycheva Ralitsa , Tokmakova Mariya Petkova
Published: April 2024

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be a disease with high mortality despite medical advances.
Objective: To investigate the characteristics and prognosis of IE according to the affected valves.
Material and methods: The study is retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional and includes 270 patients with diagnosis IE, for the period 2005 – 2021, who received treatment at the University Hospital "St. Georgi" in Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Results: Single-valve IE (SIE) was found in 82.6% (n-222), multivalvular IE (MIE) in 16.66% (n=45) and device IE (CDRIE) in 0.74% (n=2) patients. The most commonly affected valve was the aortic 44.8% (n=121). The predominant multivalvular involvement was aortic-mitral valves (AV-MV) – 13.7% (n=37). The patients with tricuspid valve (TV) IE were significantly younger – 39 (30) years and were more frequently male (80.8%). Mortality was higher in MIE than SIE (31.1% vs 23.8%) and highest in multivalve aortic-tricuspid (AV-TV) IE (75%). Early surgery was done most in AV-MV IE 29.7% (n=11). Charlson comorbidity index was significantly higher in MV 4 (4) and AV 3 (3) than TV IE 1 (5) (p=0.048 and p=0.011, respectively). Septic shock occurred most frequently in AV-TV involvement (75%; p=0.0001). The most common causative agent was Staphylococcus group. Staphylococcus aureus affected more often TV alone 46.2% (n=124) vs. AV 9.9% (n=14); p=0.0001 and vs. MV 22.6% (n=17), p=0.022; Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (CNG) was the prevalent cause of MV IE 22.7% (n=17) vs AV-MV 2.7% (n=1); p=0.007. Streptococci were represented in a low percentage and only in left-sided IE, and more frequently in AV-MV 18.9% (n=7); vs. AV 6.6% (n=8); (p=0.025).
Conclusion: Aortic valve is the most frequently affected valve, as single valve IE or multivalve AV-MV, with the predominant causative agents Staphylococcus group. The AV-TV IE has the worst prognosis, with the most common complication of septic shock and the highest in-hospital mortality.