bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discurso omitido y discurso literario en Río Escondido: algunas claves visuales y literarias que diluyen o esclarecen la autoría de un guion
Authors: Méndez López Nancy Fabiola , Arranz Mínguez Conrado J.
Published: June 2022

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es entender la contribución del guion a la película Río Escondido en la creación de una obra colectiva, polifónica, de convergencia, y alejada de una visión clásica de la autoría. Para ello, proponemos un análisis documental de la historia y otro propiamente del guion como vehículo semiótico que posibilita el camino de un lenguaje escrito a uno visual. Este último análisis se centra en la relevancia del discurso literario del guion que se omite en la película y que puede suponer una discordia entre el guionista y el director. Hallar estos espacios de quiebre posibilita un acercamiento a nuevas formas de ver el cine mexicano, alejadas de la industria y los clichés, y más cercanas al ámbito literario.
Da crítica institucional à institucionalidade crítica
Authors: Nogueira Pedro Caetano Eboli
Published: June 2022

Com o objetivo de interrogar alguns dos horizontes da crítica social que permeiam nosso tempo, o presente artigo aborda uma série de polêmicas suscitadas pelo suporte instalativo Poética do Dissenso. Exibido no âmbito da mostra O Abrigo e o Terreno, ocorrida no Museu de Arte do Rio entre março e julho de 2013, ele retratava a órbita do coletivismo artístico e ativista paulistano que se reuniu em torno da ocupação Prestes Maia, em São Paulo, no começo dos anos 2000. Contudo, esta mostra reacendeu a crítica institucional que havia acompanhado a própria formação dos coletivos paulistanos. Esta crítica foi agravada pela contradição de ocupar o Museu de Arte do Rio, epicentro simbólico de processos urbanos muito similares aos que os coletivos haviam combatido na cidade de São Paulo. Partindo do pensamento de Bruno Latour, Jacques Rancière e Michel Foucault, buscamos estabelecer os horizontes para uma institucionalidade crítica, a contrapelo da crítica institucional encetada pelos críticos a esta exposição. Ao final, reformulamos o conjunto de questões estabelecidos para interrogar o estatuto político da exposição.
A mesma exposição, acionamentos conceituais distintos
Authors: Fabris Yasmin , Corrêa Ronaldo de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

A mostra A Mão do Povo Brasileiro foi apresentada pela primeira vez em 1969 na inauguração do novo edifício do Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), na Avenida Paulista. A estratégia curatorial e expográfica, elaborada pela arquiteta italiana Lina Bo Bardi, propôs a disposição dos artefatos em núcleos temáticos, sugerindo uma taxonomia da cultura material brasileira. Em 2016, após uma reestruturação administrativa e conceitual no MASP, a mostra foi remontada, na mesma sala de exibição, respeitando a expografia e curadoria originais. Este texto tem como objetivo descrever como ocorreu a nova encenação para, então, compreender os acionamentos conceituais realizados na ocasião. O método que fundamentou essa investigação foi documental, com levantamento de documentos alocados no Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação do MASP e no Arquivo do Instituto Bardi, além da revisão do catálogo da mostra contemporânea e de textos produzidos pelos(as) curadores(as) e pela crítica. Demonstramos, a partir dessa pesquisa, que a nova apresentação da exposição buscou acionar o conceito de decolonialidade, sustentado não apenas pela exibição de artefatos populares e ordinários no Museu de Arte, mas pela vinculação e relevo dado à Lina Bo Bardi nos discursos elaborados a partir da exposição.
Effects of tooth preparation on the microleakage of fissure sealant
Authors: Sari Gesti Kartiko , Kuswandari Sri , Mahendra Putri Kusuma Wardani
Published: June 2022

Background: Fissure sealing can be achieved by preparing and sealing the deep pits and fissures in the teeth with a sealant to prevent caries. Fissure sealing is performed using resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and failure is most often due to weak adhesion between the material and the tooth, resulting in microleakage. Purpose: The study aimed to determine the effect of a preparation technique with bur and acid application on potential RMGIC fissure sealant microleakage. Methods: Twenty-four extracted maxillary premolars were divided into four treatment groups. Group 1 underwent enameloplasty with a round bur and application of 37% phosphoric acid; group 2 with a tapered bur and 37% phosphoric acid; group 3 with a round bur and 10% polyacrylic acid; and group 4 with a tapered bur and 10% polyacrylic acid. The application of 37% phosphoric acid was carried out for 15 seconds, while 10% polyacrylic acid was applied for 20 seconds, before RMGIC filling. The teeth were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C for 24 hours, then thermocycled 100 times at 5°C and 55°C for 20 seconds each. The teeth were immersed in a 1% methylene blue solution for 24 hours at 37°C, then cut crosswise. The length of the microleakage was observed with a stereo microscope at 8 times magnification and measured using raster image application. Data was analysed with one-way ANOVA. Results: Significant differences were found between treatment groups (F=562.14; p<0.05). The deepest mean microleakage was in the round bur and 10% polyacrylic acid group (1657.87 ± 78.08) and the shallowest was in the round bur and 37% phosphoric acid group (500.70 ± 38.55). Conclusion: The preparation method, type of bur and acid solution have an effect on microleakage potential of RMGIC fissure sealing. Round bur preparation and 37% phosphoric acid resulted in shallow microleakage.
Visualization of bubbles generation of electrical-driven EndoActivator tips during solutions activation in a root canal model and a modified extracted tooth: A pilot study
Authors: Peeters Harry Huiz , Judith Elvira Theola , Suardita Ketut , Mooduto Latief
Published: June 2022

Background: EndoActivator, a sonically-driven canal irrigation system (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK), has been developed for activating root canal irrigants, and has recently been released onto the market. Purpose: To obtain an initial understanding of bubbles generation of electrical EndoActivator tips during activation of the irrigant in a transparent root canal model and a modified extracted tooth. Methods: A modified extracted tooth and a straight glass model were filled with a solution containing 17% EDTA or 3% NaOCl. A medium activator tip 22-mm polymer noncutting #25, 0.04 file driven by an electrical sonic hand-piece at 190 Hz (highest level) induced pressure waves that produced macro- and micro-bubbles. The physical mechanisms involved were visualized using a Miro 320S high-speed imaging system (Phantom, Wayne, NJ, USA) with high temporal and spatial resolutions. The imaging system acquired images at 25,000 frames per second with 320×x240 pixels per image, and attached a 60-mm f/2.8 macro lens (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Results: The end of the tip did not generate bubbles formation. Disruption of surface tension at the air–solution system in the glass canal model by an electrical sonic driven EndoActivator tip generated bubbles in the solution. However, it did not occur at the system of solution–air interfaces in the glass canal and modified extracted tooth. Conclusion: The physical mechanism of the solution activated by an electrical sonic driven EndoActivator tip in generting bubbles formation is because the surface tension at the air–solution system disruption. No bubbles formation occurred in the solution in the restricted space either in the solution-air system or modified extracted tooth. Better understanding of the physical mechanisms that relate specifically to the activation behaviour of EndoActivator tips in solutions is key to improving the cleaning mechanism that applies during root canal treatment.
The relationship between maxillary and mandibular lengths of ethnic Bataks of chronological age 9–15 years
Authors: Lubis Hilda Fitria , Simanjuntak Nurul Ulfa
Published: June 2022

Background: Maxillary and mandibular growth have an important role in determining diagnosis and treatment plans. Knowledge of the growth of the maxilla and mandible becomes very important in designing a proper treatment plan and knowing the mean maxillary and mandibular lengths from the ages of 9–15 means malocclusion can be treated at the appropriate age. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between 9–15-year-old males and females and the length of the maxilla and mandible. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The subjects consisted of 35 male and 45 females aged 9–15 years and 80 cephalometric radiograms were collected using a purposive sampling method from Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Oral and Dental Hospital based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected by tracing the lateral cephalogram, the maxillary length and mandible lengths being measured on the cephalogram based on the McNamara method through a computer program, CorelDRAW. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average maxillary length for 9–15-year-olds was 96.35 ± 7.56 mm. The mean mandibular length for 9–15-year-olds was 122.29 ± 10.43 mm. Based on assessment and result, using the Pearson correlation coefficient test between maxillary length and mandibular length and chronological age, a maxillary length of p=0.003 and mandibular length of p=0.00 were obtained. Conclusion: There was a significant positive relationship between chronological age and maxillary length and mandibular length in 9–15-year-olds of Batak ethnicity.
The effects of illness script method on clinical reasoning of undergraduate nursing students: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Arisudhana Gede Arya Bagus
Published: June 2022

The improvement of clinical reasoning in nursing students is a benchmark for students' abilities in carrying out nursing care. Disease script-based learning can help students recognize the information. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of illness scripts on the clinical reasoning ability of nursing students. The research design used was a quasi-experimental approach with a non-equivalent approach with a control group. The sampling technique used consecutive techniques. The number of samples in each group is 35 respondents, data collection using Clinical Reasoning Assessment Tools. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in the clinical reasoning ability of nursing students in the experimental group from the average value of 40.6 to 50.3. Most of the respondents in the experimental group had clinical reasoning at the intermediate learner level. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed that the Z-count value in the experimental group was 5.092 with a p-value = <0.001. It can be concluded that there is an effect of illness scripts method on the clinical reasoning ability of nursing students.
The effect of basic trauma and cardiac life support training in increasing the competence of emergency room nurses
Authors: Prakoeswa Anisha Calista , Arofiati Fitri , Hidayah Nur
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Nurses on duty in the emergency room (ER) play an important role in the early identification of a life-threatening patient condition, immediate action, and the subsequent care of critically ill patients. Continuous training and improvement need to be done to improve the ER nurses’ competency. This research aimed to analyze the differences in nurses’ competencies.

Methods: This quantitative study employed a quasi-experiment design. The sample size comprised 50 nurses of ER in Surabaya with a total sampling technique. Variables used on this study were demographical data as the independent variables and dependent variables including knowledge, attitude and skills. Intervention was given by two methods, online training for knowledge and attitude, while offline training for skill improvement. After ensuring the distribution and homogeneity of the data, a paired t-test was employed for parametric statistical data analysis.

Results: There were differences in pre-test and post-test scores in the domain of knowledge, attitude and skill (p = 0.000), respectively. The mean of knowledge, attitude, and skills had increased significantly. Hence, the training is proven to improve those competencies as well as the sub-topic items.

Conclusions:
Basic Trauma and Cardiac Life Support (BTCLS) training has improved nurse competency; it is advised to hold this training, especially in the ER. Indeed, it can improve healthcare services quality and improve patient safety at health facility. In addition, future research can modify the training time, training delivery methods, and content of BTCLS training materials to adjust with the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The relationship between genital hygiene behaviors and genital infections among women: A systematic review
Authors: Umami Afriza , Paulik Edit , Molnár Regina , Murti Bhisma
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Genital hygiene is an important part of women’s health and is essential for protecting reproductive health. Women adopt many genital hygiene behaviors, which will have direct and indirect effects on genitals and possible sexually transmitted infections. This systematic literature review aimed to know the types of genital hygiene behaviors practiced by women and assess the relationship between genital hygiene behavior and genital infection.

Methods: A systematic search of the electronic databases, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, and SAGE, for literature published between January 2001 and 2021. The keywords used were “genital hygiene behavior” AND “genital infections” AND “women OR female.” The inclusion criteria focused on genital hygiene behavior and the incidence of genital infection. The included full papers with observational research methods followed the PRISMA guidelines. After reading the full content of the included studies, key themes and concepts were extracted and synthesized.

Results: In total 383 articles were screened. Five articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The analysis revealed four categories related to genital hygiene behavior among women: underwear hygiene, bathing habits, menstrual hygiene, and coital hygiene. Genital infections included bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis. The review showed that incorrect and inadequate genital hygiene behavior increases the risk of vaginal infection.

Conclusion:
A higher incidence of genital infections occurred in women with improper genital hygiene practices. It is necessary for health professionals to educate women about good genital hygiene practices in order to reduce the rate of genital infections.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Patient Treatment Adherence
Authors: Revita Natalia Christin Tiara , Sukartini Tintin , Makhfudli Makhfudli , Acob Joel Rey Ugsang , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Aini Handira Nadhifatul
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a lack of attention to treatment of tuberculosis (TB). TB patients who do not adhere to treatment during a pandemic can cause various health problems in various countries. COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects TB patients such as increasing psychological stress, triggering non-adherence to treatment, affecting quality of life, and even increasing the number of deaths of TB patients. The increasing number of deaths and decreasing success of TB treatment during the pandemic are serious problems that must be addressed immediately. Various efforts were made to overcome the barriers for TB treatment during pandemics. Health workers can provide health education and rehabilitation programs in another media such as tele-health. Digital media can provide health information about TB, improve medication adherence, emphasize the benefits of medication adherence, and motivate patients to undergo treatment.
Current applications and future prospects of nanotechnology in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Yan Sen , Zhao Peng , Yu Tingting , Gu Ning
Published: June 2022

Cancer immunotherapy is an artificial stimulation of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and activate specific immune cells to target and attack cancer cells. In clinical trials, immunotherapy has recently shown impressive results in the treatment of multiple cancers. Thus, cancer immunotherapy has gained a lot of attention for its unique advantages and promising future. With extensive research on cancer immunotherapy, its safety and effectiveness has gradually been revealed. However, it is still a huge challenge to expand and drive this therapy while maintaining low toxicity, high specificity, and long-lasting efficacy. As a unique technology, nanotechnology has been applied in many fields, the advantages of which will promote the development of cancer immunotherapies. Researchers have tried to apply nanomaterials to cancer immunotherapy due to their advantageous properties, such as large specific surface areas, effective drug delivery, and controlled surface chemistry, to improve treatment efficacy. Here, we briefly introduce the current applications of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive cell therapy (ACT), therapeutic cancer vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies, and throw light on future directions of nanotechnology-based cancer immunotherapy.
From basic researches to new achievements in therapeutic strategies of KRAS-driven cancers
Authors: Saliani Mahsa , Jalal Razieh , Ahmadian Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2022

Among the numerous oncogenes involved in human cancers, KRAS represents the most studied and best characterized cancer-related genes. Several therapeutic strategies targeting oncogenic KRAS (KRASonc) signaling pathways have been suggested, including the inhibition of synthetic lethal interactions, direct inhibition of KRASonc itself, blockade of downstream KRASonc effectors, prevention of post-translational KRASonc modifications, inhibition of the induced stem cell-like program, targeting of metabolic peculiarities, stimulation of the immune system, inhibition of inflammation, blockade of upstream signaling pathways, targeted RNA replacement, and oncogene-induced senescence. Despite intensive and continuous efforts, KRASonc remains an elusive target for cancer therapy. To highlight the progress to date, this review covers a collection of studies on therapeutic strategies for KRAS published from 1995 to date. An overview of the path of progress from earlier to more recent insights highlight novel opportunities for clinical development towards KRASonc-signaling targeted therapeutics.
Efficacy of Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Glass Membrane Emulsification Device
Authors: Ishikawa Toru , Kodama Erina , Kobayashi Takamasa , Azumi Motoi , Nozawa Yujiro , Iwanaga Akito , Sano Tomoe , Honma Terasu
Published: June 2022

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the standard treatment for BCLC-B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A novel glass membrane emulsification device (GMD) produces a high percentage of water/oil emulsions with homogeneous and stable droplets. There are few reports on the efficacy of GMD-conventional-TACE (GMD-c-TACE)；therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of GMD-c-TACE. Methods: Seventy-one patients with HCC with tumor diameter <5 cm who underwent c-TACE with and without GMD were included in this study to investigate local recurrence and hepatic functional reserve. Results: The local recurrence rates of TACE without GMD were 3.0% at 6 months, 16.7% at 12 months, and 35.0% at 18 months, around where it plateaued. Hence, the local recurrence rates in the GMD-c-TACE group were 7.7% at 14 months and 23.1% at 20 months, respectively. Thus, GMD-c-TACE had a significantly lower local recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that GMD-c-TACE could suppress local recurrence and maintain hepatic reserve. Conclusions: GMD-c-TACE allows dense lipiodol accumulation in the tumor and attainment of good local control. Additionally, the inhibition of the release of anticancer drugs may maintain hepatic reserve. GMD-c-TACE is useful in preventing local recurrence and is expected to become the standard treatment form of c-TACE in the future.
The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways. Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy
Authors: Ritiu Stelian Adrian , Rogobete Alexandru Florin , Sandesc Dorel , Bedreag Ovidiu Horea , Papurica Marius , Popovici Sonia Elena , Toma Daiana , Ivascu Robert Iulian , Velovan Raluca Ramona , Garofil Dragos Nicolae , Corneci Dan , Bratu Melania Lavinia , Pahontu Elena Mihaela , Pistol Adriana
Published: June 2022

Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anaesthesia has increased significantly, on one hand because of modern anaesthetic and pain control techniques, and on the other hand because of better diagnosis and increased complexity of surgical technique. Together with the development of new concepts in the surgical field, the attention of researchers and clinicians turned to minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures. This fact is due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms, that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact that not only lasts in the perioperative period, but also impacts the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity, and mortality, and finally a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis have shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, that are responsible for an augmentation of the systemic inflammatory status and more difficult postoperative recovery. Moreover, it was shown that there are a series of changes in certain epigenetic structures, the most important being the microRNAs. Based on these findings, a series of modern, targeted therapeutic approaches have been proposed, with the final goal of blocking these mechanisms and reducing the redox state. Recent studies carried out had a positive clinical impact regarding antioxidant therapy and have shown that it can be used in the perioperative period with beneficial clinical impact. This review describes and details the most important molecular and cellular mechanisms that impact the surgical patient undergoing general anaesthesia, and it presents a series of antioxidant therapies that can reduce systemic inflammation.
Effectiveness of High-Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Moderate-Intensity Training on Blood Pressure in Young Physically Inactive Pre-Hypertensive Adults
Authors: John Anil T. , Chowdhury Moniruddin , Islam Rabiul , Mir Imtiyaz Ali , Hasan Md Zobaer , Chong Chao Yi , Humayra Syeda , Higashi Yukihito
Published: June 2022

The likelihood of a pre-hypertensive young adult to develop hypertension has been steadily increasing over the past few years. Aerobic exercise training (AET) has been found to reduce high blood pressure, however, efficacy of different types of aerobic exercise is yet to be determined among the pre-hypertensive young adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT) on blood pressure (BP) in young physically inactive pre-hypertensive adults. 32 adults (age 20.0±1.1) were randomly assigned into 3 groups; HIIT, CMT, and control (CON). HIIT and CMT groups participated in 5 weeks of AET with CON group not participating in any exercise. The HIIT protocol consisted of 1:4 minute work to rest ratio of participants 80%-85% heart rate reserve (HR-reserve) and 40%-60% HR-reserve respectively for 20 minutes, CMT group exercised at 40%-60% of HR-reserve continuously for 20 minutes. In both HIIT and CMT groups, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (3.8±2.8 mmHg, P=0.002 VS 1.6±1.5 mmHg, P=0.011) was significantly reduced. While, significant reductions were noted in the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (2.9±2.2 mmHg, P=0.002) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (3.1±1.6mmHg, P<0.0005) only in the HIIT group. No significant difference in SBP (-0.4±3.7 mmHg, P=0.718), DBP (0.4±3.4 mmHg, P=0.714), or MAP (0.1±2.5mmHg, P= 0.892) was observed in the CON group. Both HIIT and CMT decreased the BP in physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults; however, HIIT yielded more beneficial results in terms of reducing the SPB, DBP, and MAP.
Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete at Laboratory and On-Site Conditions
Authors: Castellón Ramiro Castellanos , Alberti Marcos G. , Galvez Jaime C. , Vera-Agullo José , Pina-Zapardiel Raul
Published: June 2022

Steel fibers (SF) and polyolefin (PF) are widely used for shotcrete, especially in tunnelling. Both SF and PF and have shown to meet the standards in order to reduce or substitute the conventional steel mesh as reinforcement of concrete showing mechanical and productive advantages. This study sought the analysis and assessment of the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced shotcrete, comparing in-situ with laboratory results. This was performed with low and high fiber dosages of SF and PF as well as a combination of them (hybrid mixtures). A total of seven mixtures, two of steel, two of polyolefins, two hybrids and a control mixture were manufactured at laboratory and in situ. By performing tests according to EN 14651 and slabs according to EN 14488-5, it was possible to characterize the residual flexural strengths (fRj), and energy absorption capacity (E25mm) in slabs. In addition, a fracture surface analysis was performed, and the orientation factor was obtained. This allowed the authors to quantify the loss of residual strength on site and correlate it with the fiber content and positioning. Moreover, some relationships between beam and slab tests were found, allowing to correlate the most relevant type of tests in the field of fiber reinforced concrete.
Performance Management in the Virtual Workplace During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond
Authors: Parisi Luca , Wang Ruijiao , Ma Renfei
Published: June 2022

Previous research has either neglected to consider misbehaviour or misconduct in the virtual workplace during the current COVID-19 pandemic or highlighted some challenges encountered with remote working or work from home but in isolation, e.g., misbehaviours or ethical concerns associated with improper use of technology when accessing clients’ confidential information, without understanding their aetiology and context in a holistic manner. This has impacted the ability of existing research in providing recommendations organisations can practically implement to improve the sustainability and productivity of the virtual workplace, especially as they seek to navigate the current pandemic and prepare for the global business environment in the next decade. Instead, this study, for the first time, proposes a novel holistic methodology to identify the aetiologies of ethical and performance challenges with focus to the Information Technology consulting sector, as well as developing a set of recommendations companies can adopt to manage such behavioural and productivity challenges. Thus, this study illustrates the key issues associated with remote working implemented to respond to the current COVID-19 pandemic, which mine not only the individual performance in an organisation but also its overall productivity, as well as suggests the main performance and reward management strategies that can be leveraged to mitigate them. Tailored strategies are described and discussed as referred to this industry to help in navigating a more unstable yet competitive market to manage the virtual employees’ misbehaviours in the workplace and drive growth for individuals and organisations alike.
Advanced Microsamples: Current Applications and Considerations for Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Phenotyping Pipelines
Authors: Roberts Jayden Lee , Whiley Luke , Gray Nicola , Gay Melvin , Lawler Nathan G.
Published: June 2022

Microsamples (collections usually less than 50 µL) have been introduced in pre-clinical, clinical, and research settings to overcome obstacles in sampling via traditional venipuncture. However, venipuncture remains the sampling gold standard for metabolic phenotyping of blood. This pre-sents several challenges in metabolic phenotyping workflows: accessibility for individuals in ru-ral and remote underserved areas (due to the need for trained personnel), the unamenable nature to frequent sampling protocols in longitudinal research (for its invasive nature), and sample col-lection difficulty in the young and elderly. Furthermore, venous sample stability may be compro-mised when temperate conditions necessary for cold-chain transport are beyond control. Alter-natively, research utilising microsamples extends phenotyping possibilities to inborn errors of metabolism, therapeutic drug monitoring, nutrition, as well as sport and anti-doping. Although the application of microsamples in metabolic phenotyping exists, it is still in its infancy, with whole blood being overwhelmingly the primary biofluid collected through the collection method of dried blood spots. Research into metabolic phenotyping of microsamples is limited; however, with advances in commercially available microsampling devices, common barriers such as volumetric inaccuracies and the ‘haematocrit effect’ in dried blood spot microsampling can be overcome. In this review, we provide an overview of the common uses and workflows for mi-crosampling in metabolic phenotyping research. We discuss the advancements in technologies, highlighting key considerations and remaining knowledge gaps for employment of microsamples in metabolic phenotyping research. Supporting the translation of research from the ‘bench to the community’.
Key Challenges and Strategies Towards a Sustainable Business Environment by 2030
Authors: Parisi Luca , Ma Renfei , Wang Ruijiao
Published: June 2022

Existing research has focused on discussing various issues in isolation, e.g., climate change or deglobalisation, without capturing the geo-political, legal, socio-economic, and technological implications in a holistic manner, especially in China and Southeast Asia. This has hindered the derivation of clear guidelines to navigate the business environment in the next decade, thus leaving the business world with fragmented theories and concepts that are hard to amalgamate and turn into tangible business strategies. Thus, this study illustrates the key challenges that are likely to influence the stability and sustainability of the global business environment by 2030, as well as suggests the main business strategies to leverage to mitigate them. This contribution, for the first time, proposes an alternative holistic approach by highlighting the key threats to global business in the next decade, as well as suggesting clear action points to account for the main ones from geo-political, legal, socio-economic, and technological standpoints in a unified theory. Local and more tailored strategies are described and discussed as referred to various industries to help in navigating a deglobalised and more competitive market by 2030.
Epigenetic Modifications and Targeted Therapy in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Xu Huan , Wen Yuxi , Jin Runming , Chen Hongbo
Published: June 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy that is the culmination of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the hematopoietic progenitor cells, leading to uncontrolled proliferation at the expense of normal hematopoiesis and bone marrow exhaustion. Although the outcomes for pediatric AML have improved in recent decades, at least one third of children still have relapses. Recent studies have notably highlighted the important role of dysregulated epi-genetic mechanisms in myeloid leukemogenesis. Epigenetic modifications are frequently reversible compared to genetic alterations, thus providing opportunities for targeted epigenetic therapy. In this review, we summarize the landscape of epigenetic alterations and the progress to date in epigenetic targeted therapy, and focus on the future role of epigenetic abnormalities in predicting relapse and the precision therapy in pediatric AML.
Tandem Transesterification-Esterification Reactions Using a Hydrophilic Sulfonated Silica Catalyst for the Synthesis of Wintergreen Oil from Acetylsalicylic Acid Promoted by Micro-wave Irradiation
Authors: Santos Sandro Luiz Barbosa Dos , Nelson David Lee , Freita Milton Souza , Dos Santos Wallans Torres Pio , Klein Stanlei Ivair , Clososki Giuliano Cesar , Caires Franco Jazon , Wentz Alexandre Pereira
Published: June 2022

SiO2-SO3H, with a surface area of 115 m2/g, pore volume of 0.38 cm3g-1 and 1.32 mmol H+/g, was used as a 20% w/w catalyst for the preparation of methyl salicylate (Wintergreen oil or MS) from acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). A 94% conversion was achieved in a microwave reactor during 40.0 minutes at 120 oC in MeOH. The resulting crude product was purified by flash chromatography. The catalyst could be re-used three times.
Influence of Birth Season Climate on Adult Total Serum IgE Levels
Authors: Smith John
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the effect of birth season climate on adult total serum IgE (TSIgE) levels. Study design: The study is a retrospective chart review with the following inclusion criteria: TSIgE measurement, age ≥16, and northeastern Tennessee birthplace. Main outcome measures include TSIgE levels, birth season climatic conditions, and regional pollen-producing plant and pollen counts. Results: The records of 1,274 women (mean age 40.8 ± 17.5, age range 16-96) and 762 men (mean age 38.1 ± 17, age range 16-82) seen in our Allergy Clinic were reviewed. Persons born in the spring and summer, the seasons with the highest pollen counts and the most favorable climatic conditions for plant growth, had nearly twice the odds of having TSIgE levels >1σ above the mean of the study group when compared to those born in the fall or winter (odds ratio (OR) 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-3.17 and OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.04-3.57, respectively); odds were highest for those born in March (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.37-4.74) and July (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.25-4.51) and lowest for those born in November (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.0068-1.79). When averaged over the 95-years of study and five 30-year climate cycles TSIgE levels increased linearly as the seasons progressed from fall to summer (r2= 0.9475, P=0.0266). Of the climatic factors, TSIgE levels correlated most strongly with levels of precipitation (r2= 0.9145, P=0.0437). Conclusion: Climatic conditions that increase birth season exposure to environmental allergens may have a life-long effect on TSIgE production.
What Does It Take To Further Our Knowledge of Plant Diversity in The Megadiverse South Africa?
Authors: Mamathaba Mashudu Patience , Yessoufou Kowiyou , Moteetee Annah
Published: June 2022

Although South Africa is well known for its incredible biodiversity, targeted efforts are still re-quired to accelerate the discovery and description of the still-unknown species in this floristically mega-diverse country. In addition, new species discovery is a new opportunity for the devel-opment of ethnobotanical knowledge. In the present study, we collected data on current knowledge of plant richness in the country and expert taxonomists’ opinions and used statistical modelling technique to predict what might still be missing in South Africa’s flora. According to experts’ opinions and our modelling, we might be missing 1400-1575 plant species in the country. We predicted that we might take 40-45 years to identify and describe these species and that be-tween 64 and 315 taxonomists will be required. The pool of taxonomists who took part in this study have spent a total of R 680 670 000 (US $40 039 411) to describe 419 species. This implies that, in theory, R 1 624 510.74 (US $95 559) was spent, on average, to describe 1 species. At this rate, R 2 558 604 415.00 (US $150 506 142) would be required to describe the 1575 (modelling) or R 2 274 315 036.00 (US $133 783 237) for the 1400 remaining species (expert opinion) in the current context where both full- and part-time taxonomists are committed to biodiversity assessment in the country. It is important to highlight that this estimate does not correspond to what is required specifically for only species description but does integrate all connected activities, e.g., running cost, bursary, salaries, grants, etc. Furthermore, we must bear in mind that these estimates do not account for the possibility of taxonomic revision which, on its own, needs to be funded, nor do they account for molecular laboratory requirement. However, if we consider that 15% of the predicted funds are spent solely on taxonomic activities, this means that we would need ~R243 673 (US$ 14 334) on 1 species. Overall, our study provides an important figure that can inform policy development including funding and recruitment strategies of taxonomists to fuel efforts towards a comprehensive assessment of the unique South Africa’s biodiversity. The implication of new species discovery is that it opens windows for traditional knowledge development.
The Birth of Modern Art: Flaneur and Actor-Painter Manet
Authors: GENÇ Ceylan Pınar
Published: June 2022

Like every revolution, the effect of the Industrial Revolution on production and economic relations brought about important changes in the social and social field; has led to the emergence of the city concept where common life is shared. The developments in this early period of modern, new urban life affected people's feelings and thoughts, created the perception of urban people and created urban people profiles. One of these is the 'Flaneur', an urban human profile first encountered in Charles Baudelaire's book 'The Painter of Modern Life'. According to Baudelaire, Flaneur is a modern urban hero who wanders even the farthest corners of the modern city, hides/veils by taking advantage of the crowds and the chaos of the city, empathizes with the urban people concealed by the crowds, disguises them, imitates them, but does not allow his own self to melt among them. Flaneur is a traveler, a wanderer who integrates with the city and blends into its fabric, rather than the task of a journalist looking for news and wandering around to find it. Continuing his life as a city traveler, flaneur, Manet recorded the modern changes in the streets of Paris and the lives of its inhabitants. It seems to have been possible by discovering that painting is actually an actor, in the figure of the flaneur that Manet takes on. This is the meaning of the established unshakable judgment that Manet is the father of modern art. This also explains why the 20th century aesthetics differed from its predecessor with such a sharp distinction. Artists are no longer focusing on the final work, but increasingly on the creative act.
Análisis y determinantes de la productividad legislativa en México (2009-2012)
Authors: Briones Martínez Bárbara
Published: June 2022

En México el estudio del desempeño parlamentario se ha relegado a la ciencia política por la falta de información, la poca significancia para la implementación de políticas públicas y por la falta de transparencia por parte del Congreso. Por tal motivo el presente documento tiene como objetivos fundamentales identificar las características que determinan la productividad legislativa, así como analizar los determinantes del tipo de iniciativa que suscriben los diputados, cabe señalar que este estudio forma parte de los primeros estudios aplicados que se desarrollan en esta área. Para tal efecto se utilizan datos de la actual legislatura, 2009-2012, y se llevan a cabo dos estimaciones distintas. Para conocer los determinantes de la productividad se lleva a cabo una regresión binomial negativa, la cual se evalúa con datos de sección cruzada y con datos de panel. Los resultados muestran que variables como la pertenencia al partido de mayoría dentro de la Cámara de Diputados, así como la edad y pertenecer a comisiones de revisión son las que explican la productividad de los diputados. También tienen un efecto positivo el nivel educativo y el estado al cual representan los legisladores, siendo éstos dos últimos resultados aportaciones de este análisis a esta gama de estudios. Para identificar los determinantes del tipo de iniciativas suscritas se estima un modelo probit multinomial. Los resultados nos indican que el género, la edad y la ideología partidista contribuyen a explicar el tipo de iniciativas que suscriben los diputados.
Economía y desarrollo en Chihuahua, México. Una propuesta de análisis regional
Authors: Meza Moreno Jorge Arturo
Published: June 2022

El presente ensayo revisa la relación entre crecimiento y potencial de desarrollo en la configuración regional del estado de Chihuahua, México. Como parte del análisis económico regional se elabora un estudio que combina las dinámicas de crecimiento representadas principalmente por las técnicas de análisis regional junto a la evaluación de la capacidad endógena para el desarrollo de las regiones usando el modelo PRD con factores ponderados por el método de evaluación de expertos. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se propone una nueva herramienta analítica que denominaremos DEPOSITE (desarrollo potencial y situación territorial) con la cual se relacionan los principales modelos e instrumentos de análisis utilizados en este trabajo.
Mountain Growth under the Combined Effects of Paleostress and Paleoclimate: Implications from Apatite (U-Th)/He Thermochronology of Taibai Mountain, Central China
Authors: Zhang Weibin , Wang Fei , Wu Lin , Shan Jingnan , Yang Liekun , Shi Wenbei , Xu Xiwei
Published: June 2022

Tectonics and climate are the two competitive factors sculpturing landforms. Observations on the Earth surface are affected by signals from both tectonic and climatic agents. How to clarify these signals is a key issue. We categorize factors affecting mountain growth as horizontal (extension, compression, and transpression) and vertical (mantle upwelling and climate change) forces to evaluate the driving forces of accelerated exhumation in Taibai Mountain. Based on apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology, we document two stages of accelerated exhumation at ca. 52-46 Ma and ca. 24-19 Ma from the age-elevation relationship, confirmed by 1D half-space modeling and QTQt inverse modeling. In the framework of paleostress, the two accelerated exhumation events occurred during transpressional periods in the early Eocene and late Oligocene-early Miocene in East China. These two events were triggered by the localized contractional deformation at the intersection of the North Qinling and Fengxian-Taibai faults: The opposite-direction shearing of these two faults was responsible for the former event with an unroofing magnitude of ~1 km; the same-direction shearing of the two faults resulted in the latter event with an unroofing magnitude of ~0.6 km. The far-field effects of both India-Eurasia collision and Pacific subduction drove the accelerated exhumation at ca. 52-46 Ma. The lateral extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau acted as the main driving force for the accelerated exhumation at ca. 24-19 Ma, which may have been slightly influenced by the intensified Asian summer monsoon in the early Miocene.
Effect of Earthquake on Pressure Arch above the Tunnel
Authors: Sun Changxin , Jiang Tong , Lv Xiaochun , Zou Mingjun
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the changes in the pressure arch height above the tunnels subject to earthquake were analyzed by using theoretical, numerical, and experimental ways, respectively, and then, a corresponding formula was derived. The phenomenon of stress rotation and pressure arch around the tunnel under earthquake was found by illustrating the stress vector around tunnel. The force transmission method was used to analyze the change in pressure arch height of rectangular, horseshoe-shaped, and circular tunnels before and after earthquake, and then, a new method was presented to determine the pressure arch height above the tunnel under earthquake according to stress changes in surrounding rock. Then, the two methods were jointly used to analyze the pressure arch height above the tunnel. The results show that the tunnel shape has great effect on the shape of pressure arch, and the pressure arch height of deep tunnel varies little with depth. The changes in the shape and height of tunnel pressure arch before and after earthquake obtained from theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were finally verified by shaking table model tests. The research results in this paper may provide practical significance in seismic design of tunnel structures.
Behavioral and normative beliefs that influence Mexican consumers to purchase packaged food in urban supermarkets
Authors: Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth , Nieto-Orozco Claudia , Carriedo Ángela , Mena Carmen , Barquera Simón
Published: June 2022

Objective. To identify the behavioral and normative believes factors that might have major influence on the decision to buy packaged foods in urban Mexican families. Materials and methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in four urban cities of Mexico. Participants responded a self-administered questionnaire (n=3 340) outside of randomly selected supermarkets. A factor analysis was performed to identify what were the main behavioral and normative believes explaining consumers’ decision when buying packaged foods. Results. Three factors explained the behavioral beliefs: the quality assessment of packaged foods explained 61% of the variance, products that maintain weight explained 25%, and the emotional experience with foods explained 13%. Three factors explained the normative beliefs: expectations of chil­dren and partner explained 46% of the variance, expectations from the participants’ closest friends 23%, and expectation from other family members explained 14%. Conclusion. Behavioral and normative beliefs related to assessing the qual­ity of foods and meeting family expectations respectively are the main beliefs factors affecting consumers’ packaged food purchase decisions in urban consumers.
Dietary intake of the Mexican population: comparing food group contribution to recommendations, 2012-2016
Authors: Aburto Tania C , Batis Carolina , Pedroza-Tobías Andrea , Pedraza Lilia S , Ramírez-Silva Ivonne , Rivera Juan A
Published: June 2022

Objective. To estimate energy contribution (EC) of food groups in 2016, to compare consumption against Mexican Dietary Guidelines, and to examine changes in EC from 2012 to 2016. Materials and methods. We analyzed 24-hour dietary recalls from the 2012 and 2016 National Health and Nutrition Surveys (Ensanut). Foods and beverages were clas­sified into eight food groups: cereals, legumes, dairy, meats, fruit and vegetables, fats and oils, sugar-sweetened beverages, and high in saturated fat and added sugar (HSFAS) products. Results. Cereals had the highest EC (30.1%), followed by meats (15.9%), HSFAS products (15.5%), and SSBs (10.5%). Fruits and vegetables, and legumes had the lowest contribu­tion with 6.4 and 3.8%, respectively. SSBs, meats, and HSFAS products were 250, 59 and 55% above the recommended intake, respectively. Conclusions. This analysis confirms the need to generate a food environment conducive to a healthier diet.