bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situation awareness and security risk mitigation for integrated energy systems with the inclusion of power‐to‐gas model
Authors: Chen Houhe , Shao Junyan , Jiang Tao , Zhang Rufeng , Li Xue , Li Guoqing
Published: June 2020

Power‐to‐gas (P2G) and gas‐fired generation units (GFGUs) enable the bidirectional energy flow of integrated energy systems (IESs). The static security of IES should be analysed considering the interdependence between energy systems. In this study, the static security of IES is analysed, and a novel static security control strategy to improve the security of IES after N−1 contingency is proposed considering P2G. First, electricity–gas IES model is presented, and the multi‐energy flow of IES is solved by the Newton–Raphson method. Then, N − 1 static security analysis is carried out for the electricity system and natural gas system. Based on the obtained Jacobian matrix during the energy flow calculation process after N − 1 contingency, variable sensitivity matrixes of voltage, gas pressure, branch power flow and pipeline flow to control variables are derived. Furthermore, a static security control strategy for IES based on the sensitivity matrices is developed to regulate operation statuses of P2G and GFGU and compressor outlet pressure to mitigate the violation of security constraints. The performance of the proposed analysis method and control strategy is evaluated by IES 4‐12 and IES 118‐48 test systems. The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can mitigate security risks of IES after N − 1 contingencies.
Square‐rooting approaches to accurate mixed‐type continuous‐discrete extended and fifth‐degree cubature Kalman filters
Authors: Kulikova Maria V. , Kulikov Gennady Yu.
Published: June 2020

The fifth‐degree cubature Kalman filter (5D‐CKF) has been recently developed for both the discrete‐ and continuous‐time non‐linear stochastic systems. In the published works, it has been mentioned that numerically stable square‐root 5D‐CKF implementations are not feasible to derive, although they are easily obtained for the third‐degree CKF. The key problem of the underlying mathematical derivation is negative weight coefficients appeared in the fifth‐degree cubature rule, which prevents the required square‐root factorisation of the filters’ equations. The authors resolve this essential problem existed for the 5D‐CKF methodology by utilising hyperbolic transformations instead of the usual ones traditionally used for square‐rooting in the engineering literature. The authors’ solution is given within both the Cholesky and singular value decomposition (SVD) and is based on matrix calculus with the hyperbolic QR and SVD transformations involved. The theoretical results are illustrated in a case of the continuous‐discrete mixed‐type estimator ACD‐EKF‐5DCKF and can be applied to any other 5D‐CKF strategy. Numerical experiments are also provided.
COVID‐19 in Italy: current state, impact and ICT‐based solutions
Authors: Tropea Mauro , De Rango Floriano
Published: June 2020

In this work, the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) virus in Italy is presented. This pandemic disease determined a crisis and national emergency in all parts of the world. A short vision of measures taken by the Italian Government with a view on information and communication technologies (ICT) that could allow a better management of the pandemic and a faster recovery from the national crisis is provided. The Italian lockdown has strict implications for the society from an economical, mental‐health and social points of view. Novel information and communication technologies (ICT) could mitigate the impact of COVID‐19 outbreak allowing novel ways to learn, to teach, to work and to live. Some insights on Internet of Things, smart tracing and tracking solutions are summarised. Moreover, some statistics on the network traffic and learning platforms used in this lockdown period are presented.
Evidence for radially independent size growth of early-type galaxies in clusters
Authors: Andreon S.
Published: June 2020

It is not well understood whether the growth of early-type cluster galaxies proceeds inside-out, outside-in, or at the same pace at all radii. In this work we measured the galaxy size, defined by the radius including 80% of the galaxy light, non-parametrically. We also determined a non-parametric estimate of galaxy light concentration, which measures the curvature of the surface brightness profile in the galaxy outskirts. We used an almost random sampling of a mass-limited sample formed by 128 morphologically early-type galaxies in clusters with log M/M⊙ ≳ 10.7 spanning the wide range 0.17 <  z <  1.81. From these data we derived the size-mass and concentration-mass relations, as well as their evolution. At 80% light radius, early-type galaxies in clusters are about 2.7 times larger than at 50% radius at all redshifts, and close to de Vaucouleurs profiles in the last 10 Gyr. While between z = 2 and z = 0 both half-light and 80% light sizes increase by a factor of 1.7, concentration stays constant within 2%, that is to say the size growth of early-type galaxies in cluster environments proceeds at the same pace at both radii. Existing physical explanations proposed in the literature are inconsistent with our results, demonstrating the need for dedicated numerical simulations to identify the physical mechanism affecting the galaxy structure.
Saturation mechanism and generated viscosity in gravito-turbulent accretion disks
Authors: Löhnert L. , Krätschmer S. , Peeters A. G.
Published: June 2020

Here, we address the turbulent dynamics of the gravitational instability in accretion disks, retaining both radiative cooling and irradiation. Due to radiative cooling, the disk is unstable for all values of the Toomre parameter, and an accurate estimate of the maximum growth rate is derived analytically. A detailed study of the turbulent spectra shows a rapid decay with an azimuthal wave number stronger than ky−3, whereas the spectrum is more broad in the radial direction and shows a scaling in the range kx−3 to kx−2. The radial component of the radial velocity profile consists of a superposition of shocks of different heights, and is similar to that found in Burgers’ turbulence. Assuming saturation occurs through nonlinear wave steepening leading to shock formation, we developed a mixing-length model in which the typical length scale is related to the average radial distance between shocks. Furthermore, since the numerical simulations show that linear drive is necessary in order to sustain turbulence, we used the growth rate of the most unstable mode to estimate the typical timescale. The mixing-length model that was obtained agrees well with numerical simulations. The model gives an analytic expression for the turbulent viscosity as a function of the Toomre parameter and cooling time. It predicts that relevant values of α = 10−3 can be obtained in disks that have a Toomre parameter as high as Q ≈ 10.
Species diversity of root rot pathogens of apple tree of the genusFusariumLink in Southern Russia
Authors: Astapchuk Irina , Yakuba Galina , Nasonov Andrei
Published: June 2020

For horticulture in the North Caucasus, and Southern Russia as a whole, root rot of fruit crops is a serious problem, especially in nurseries and young gardens. In recent years, the harmfulness of species of the genusFusariumLink as pathogens of root rot in the apple tree of domestic Malus domestica Borkh has been increasing. As a result of the studies, 115 samples of seedlings from four examined regions of Southern Russia were studied, 264 fungal isolates were isolated, among which 11 species of the genusFusariumwere found. The composition and occurrence of species were heterogeneous at its various sampling points. So, in the industrial gardens of the Krasnodar Territory and Karachay-Cherkess Republic, speciesF. sporotrichioidesSherb. andF. oxysporumSchltdl. prevailed, in the Belgorod region –F. sambucinumFuskel, in the Rostov region -F. sporotrichioidesandF. proliferatumMatsush. The most common pathogens of rotting roots of apple seedlings in the entire studied sample were:F. sporotrichioides –81 isolates,F. proliferatum –37 isolates andF. oxysporum –35 isolates. The rare species among the sample wereF. avenaceum –isolates, as well as the pathogens that we isolated for the first time in the region as rot pathogens ofF. solani(Mart.) Sacc. andF. poae(Peck) Wollenw.
Modern comprehensive ideas about characteristics of the physiological state of stallions and improving the technology of their preparation for mating
Authors: Fedosova Olga , Glotova Galina , Ulivanova Galina , Chukhina Evgenia
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the results of studies of the physiological state of stallions and their reproductive function in respect of the season, and according to blood samples the mechanisms of their physiological processes are adjusted using the ultrafine metal-polymer composition “iron-copper-zinc”. According to such biochemical blood parameters of stallions as total protein and its fractions: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and α-amylase, significant differences in the seasonal aspect were revealed. A number of features of blood morphology in connection with the season were noted. These were an increase in the concentration of erythrocytes, leucocytes, hemoglobin, eosinophils and lymphocytes in spring. An increase in the concentration of testosterone, the main populations of lymphocytes and subpopulations of T cells in the blood of stallions in the spring-summer period was established. The positive effect of the composition of nanosized metals on metabolic and enzymatic processes was revealed.
Gene editing CRISPR/Cas9 system for producing cows with hypoallergenic milk on the background of a beta-lactoglobulin gene knockout
Authors: Silaeva Yulia Yu. , Kubekina Marina V. , Bruter Alexandra V. , Isaeva Albina G. , Koshchaev Andrey G.
Published: June 2020

Beta-lactoglobulin is the main allergen of cow’s milk. Modern approaches to reducing the allergenicity of milk require significant costs for its fermentation. An alternative approach could be the creation of productive breeds with a knockout for the gene of this protein. This will allow, at no additional cost, to increase its safety for children who are breast-fed. In this article, we report on the development of a system for gene editing to create cows with a knockout of the beta-lactoglobulin gene.
Fermented drinks of HippophaeRhamnoides as a way of innovative development of agriculture in Altai region
Authors: Rozhnov Evgeny , Schkolnikova Marina , Popov Vladimir
Published: June 2020

One of the technological innovations nowadays is the development of industrial processing of agricultural raw material, manufacturing process leading to lower risks – «Low/No/Reduced» and «Better-for-you». This may be done by light processing of raw materials and use of traditional technologies, i.e. fermentation of craft beverages by natural symbiotic cultures Oryzamycesindichiand Medusomycesgisevi (kombucha). The recent years saw a worldwide interest to a horticultural crop called Hippophaerhamnoides (sea-buckthorn) as it is eco-friendly and healthful. Its fruits have a special smell and taste, are reach in carotene, carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acids, polyphenols. The composition is the reason why it is used for foodstuff, i.e. pastry, dairy products, unclarified juice. Production of beverages fermented by natural symbiotic cultures and local orchard products is a new direction in Russia. The supplies are limited which means that the research is relevant. The aim of the research is to study the possibility of usage ofjuice of Hippophaerhamnoides fruits in the new technology of soft drinks production fermented by Oryzamycesindichi and Medusomycesgisevi. A single nutritious substrate for Oryzamycesindichi and Medusomycesgisevi symbiotic cultures cultivation was proved impossible to be produced. Still the possibility to replace polyphenols of the Medusomycesgisevi by those of the sea-buckthorn juice must be analyzed.Sea-buckthorn juice added in a culture medium fermented by Oryzamycesindichi and Medusomycesgisevi symbiotic cultures increases biosynthetic activity of acidforming bacteria. This tangibly improves organoleptic properties of the fermented soft beverages produced. Besides, the technology of Oryzamycesindichi and Medusomycesgisevi production presupposes no clarification which makes the process of the Hippophaerhamnoides use significantly easier. The research helped to identify that the sea-buckthorn juice used in a must fermented by Medusomycesgisevi has many advantages. Namely more comprehensive utilization of carbohydrate, a higher level of reduction of organic acids, and decrease of the time of technological process (24 hours less).
Biocontrol of Mycoflora of Winter Wheat Seeds
Authors: Pospelov Sergey , Pospelova Anna , Kovalenko Ninel , Sherstiuk Elena , Zdor Viacheslav
Published: June 2020

Presented are the experimental data on the effect of biofungicides on seed infection and mycoflora of winter wheat seeds of varieties ‘Levada’ and ‘Podolyanka’. The phytostudy which was conducted allowed to determine the presence of micromycetes such as Alternaria alternata (infection rate 6.8–19.5 %), Tilletia caries (1–2 %), Fusarium spp. (0.5–3.5 %), Cladosporium herbarum (1.5–3.5 %), Bipolaris sorokiniana (1.0–4.8 %), Mucor spp. (1.5–12 %), Penicillium spp. (0.5–1.5 %), and Aspergillus spp. (1–1.5 %) on the seeds. The trend to decrease laboratory germination and lower infection rate was observed after the seeds were treated with biofungicides Gaubsin, Planriz, and Trichodermin. The positive effect of the biofungicides on the morphometric parameters of two-weeks-old plants was observed: 1.6 to 2 times increase in height, 2.1 to 2.8 times increase in the lengths of the roots, and 2.7 to 4.4 and 3.4 to 5.5 times increase in phytomass, respectively. The positive effect of Trichodermin on developing winter wheat plants was noted.
Improving the methodology of sample preparation of sunflower seeds when determining the content of oleic acid by NMR
Authors: Agafonov Oleg , Prudnikov Sergey
Published: June 2020

Developing modern instrumental express methods for monitoring quality parameters requires special attention to the comparability of measurement results with reference methods. This article includes the result of improving the method for determining oleic acid content in sunflower seed oil using pulsed NMR technique. In the conditions of industrial laboratories, different seed quality and temperature have the greatest influence on the accuracy of measuring oleic acid content. It is possible to reduce the influence of different quality by increasing the number of simultaneously analyzed samples. A method for preliminary SHF treatment of seeds was proposed that could significantly reduce the time of seed sample preparation with the temperature below 15°C. Due to the special characteristics of SHF treatment, seeds are heated under certain parameters to the temperature of 20-25°C without loss of moisture contained in the analyzed sample what is especially important for the comprehensive determination of quality parameters of sunflower seeds using pulsed NMR method.

To eliminate temperature influence, it was proposed to measure the temperature of each analyzed sample before the analysis. This allowed significant increasing the accuracy of measuring oleic acid content. These solutions were implemented in a sampling device that made a sample with a volume of 25 cm3 and at the same time measured its temperature.
Gene pool assessment in terms of apple tree generative organs resistance of different ploidy to spring frost
Authors: Krasova Nina , Ozherelieva Zoy , Galasheva Anna , Panfilova Olga , Tsoy Mikhail
Published: June 2020

The results of resistance studies of apple varieties (Malus domesticaL.) generative sphere to low temperatures during flowering are presented. The research was carried out on the basis of areas of primary and industrial study of apple varieties and laboratory of physiology of stability of fruit crops of Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding in the period 2009-2020. The resistance of the generative organs of the apple tree to spring frost was determined by the method of frost modeling from -1.0°C to -6.0°C. The purpose of the research is to establish a critical temperature to identify the stability of the generative sphere to frosts during flowering, to identify the reaction of different ploidiness varieties to low temperatures in flowering time and identify resistant ones. As a result of frost modes modeling, the critical temperature for flower elements (-3.5°C) was established, and apple varieties resistant to critical temperature were allocated. When using the non-parametric Mann — Whitney criterion, in different phases of flowering reliable (at the value level p = 0.05) differences in the genotypes resistance of different ploidy to the simulated spring frosts were identified. Weak stability of the generative sphere in studied triploid (3n) varietal specimens in comparison with diploid (2n) has been established. Critical temperature was taken by diploid varietal specimens with less damage to flowers and buds (11.3% in Antonovka obyknovennaya to 55.3% in Imant) than triploid (from 61.0% in ELS 30-30-114 to 100% Rozhdestvenskoye). Varieties Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Veteran, Kulikovskoe, Orlik with resistance of the generative sphere to frost are recommended for intensive plantings.
Decision-making on the use of arable land considering the factors of field crops yield
Authors: Svetlov Nikolai
Published: June 2020

The solutions of methodological problems arising in connection with the managerial decisions adoption on the arable land use at the level of agricultural organization management are proposed. In place of the existing economic-mathematical toolkit used for this purpose, a nonlinear specification of the stochastic two-stage ED-model of optimal use of arable land is proposed, in which yield is a variable depending on the properties of the plot, fertilizer application, the use of seeds of higher reproduction. The source data of the model are organized so that it can be solved at any moment in the season in order to dispose the released area or to resow the field occupied by the unprofitable culture due to changes in market conditions, as well as in the event of damage or loss of crops.
Injuriousness of Blumeria graminis and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat crops and measures of its operation monitoring
Authors: Kekalo Alyona , Nemchenko Vladimir , Filippov Anatoly
Published: June 2020

Blumeria graminis and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis of wheat are deleterious infections that often require operation monitoring. The probability of mass lesion of crops by phytopathogens is determined primarily by the presence of pathogens' infectious origin, favorable conditions for their development and spread and host plants susceptibility. Protection strategy and tactics should be based on each particular field and conditions of the growing season. Effective protection of wheat from powdery mildew (75 -87%) was provided by fungicides based on 2-3 active substances, especially the drug Falcon (spiroxamine + tebuconazole + triadimenol). The biological fungicide Phytosporin-M (Bacillus subtilis) provided an average biological efficiency of 58% in years with moderate wheat lesion. Operational control of wheat leaves yellow speckle is more advisable to carry out with preparations on the basis of such active substances as “azoxystrobin + epoxyconazole”, “tebuconazole + propiconazole”.
Health-related quality of life assessment when implementing ecology programs
Authors: Luchkevich Vladimir , Galina Marinicheva , Filatov Vladimir
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of the analysis of the priority health-related quality of life criteria of metropolis residents (St. Petersburg), who live on the territories under the environmental risk and have the signs specific for respiratory diseases. The survey targets analyzing the severity of the main functioning types in the health-related quality of life structure taken in conjunction with the environmental factors. The clinical and statistical analysis and screening questionnaire were performed with the use the specialized questionnaire WHO, to identify the risk factors, the prevalence of the clinical symptoms and chronic respiratory diseases. The importance of the impact was established with deterioration of the life quality indicators at various degrees of the clinical status of the patients at the chronic respiratory disease development stages. The priority health-related quality of life assessment criteria were developed by the types of functioning, providing for classification of the urban residents by medical and environmental risk groups. Insufficient medical awareness and medical preventive care of urban residents were found to increase the impact of the adverse environmental factors on the development of the respiratory diseases. The revealed regularities allowed developing the medical and environmental programs for organizational and functional interaction of the experts.
Problems and prospects of environmental safety of domestic agriculture
Authors: Chupina Irina , Izakova Natalia , Simachkova Natalia
Published: June 2020

The basis for the environmental safety of agricultural products should be the production of products in accordance with natural resources. In other words, it is the idea of a closed cycle, where organic livestock fertilizers are both an ecological and economic principle of production. Species diversity in the ecosystem is also an important factor in environmental safety. These are different ways of crop rotation, regulating the formation of weeds and their destruction by mechanical means, rather than by chemical means, laying hedges and habitats. These measures protect nature and do not disturb its ecological balance. Ecological agriculture aims to consider and use the soil more efficiently. For example, wetlands are better used for grassland farming rather than ploughing these sites. Also long overdue is the problem of state support of domestic farmers who produce the cleanest ecological products, more similar in composition to organic products. Guided by the principles of landscaping in agriculture, it is possible to obtain products that will not bring harm, will be high-quality and useful.
Current trends in the financing of the innovative component in the agricultural sector
Authors: Mikryukov Aleksey V. , Serebrennikova Anna I.
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the issues of financing the innovative component in the agribusiness of Russia. The article brings the analysis of the main indicators of agricultural production and reveals the current state of development of the agricultural sector. The authors highlight the features of the innovation process in the agricultural sector and the main directions of innovation in the activities of agricultural enterprises. The article also analyzes the main indicators of innovative activity in agriculture for the period 2016-2019. The work describes the sources of financing of innovation activities and the structure of institutions to support the innovation component in the agribusiness. The authors proved that the banking system is reluctant to lend to agricultural enterprises, and only a few Russian banks finance innovative developments in the agricultural sector. It is concluded that for the successful development of the agro- industrial complex, it is necessary to introduce innovations in production technologies, which requires increasing investment, as well as strengthening state support for the industry.
Advance sustainable inventory management through advertisement and trade-credit policy
Authors: Mandal Buddhadev , Dey Bikash Koli , Khanra Sudhansu , Sarkar Biswajit
Published: June 2020

The concept of advanced sustainable inventory management, where demand pattern stock level and advertising dependent under trade-credit policy is taking account in this present study. Optimal credit period and cycle time are the main objective of this advanced system. A developed solution methodology is derived to show the existence of global optimality under optimum credit period and cycle time. The main concern of this advanced system is to maximize the annual total system profit of retailer with finite replenishment rate. Numerical illustration are carry forward for different cases to prove the stainability along with real impact of this model. Sensitive analysis for the key parameters is discussed in sensitivity analysis section along with some real managerial insights.
Effect of defoliation on spring-sown winter-type canola (
Authors: Raeside M. C. , Byron J. , Cameron F. , MacDonald C. , Partington D. L. , Kearney G. A. , Behrendt R.
Published: June 2020

Context In Australia’s high-rainfall zone (>550 mm/year), winter-type canola (Brassica napus L.) can be sown in spring and grazed as a forage crop during its vegetative phase, producing a canola grain crop in late spring of the second year. The timing, length and intensity of grazing or defoliation that can be imposed on canola before a grain yield penalty occurs remains largely unknown. Aim Our research aimed to determine the impact of grazing spring sown canola during summer and autumn on the subsequent canola grain yield. Methods A paddock-scale field experiment was conducted over 2 years, 2013–14 and 2015–2016, at Hamilton, Victoria, Australia, with two winter-type canola treatments and three grazing–defoliation sub-treatments replicated four times in a replicated block design. The canola cultivars used were Hyola971CL and Taurus in 2013–14 and Hyola971CL and Brazzil in 2015–16. The three grazing–defoliation sub-treatments were: NG, no grazing; VG, grazing with sheep for a 10-week period during the vegetative phase over summer–autumn; RG, grazing with sheep as per the VG sub-treatment and then in the reproductive phase, either cutting the canola for silage in August (2013–14) or grazing with sheep between 28 July and 17 August 2016 (2015–16). Key results The VG sub-treatment resulted in no grain-yield penalty (P > 0.05) relative to NG in either year. In 2014, canola grain yields from VG for Hyola971CL and Taurus were 2.32 and 2.13 t/ha, compared with NG grain yields of 2.66 and 2.19 t/ha. In 2016, grain yields from VG for Hyola971CL and Brazzil were 2.14 and 1.74 t/ha, compared with NG grain yields of 1.87 and 1.90 t/ha. The RG sub-treatment reduced (P < 0.05) canola grain yield by ~65% in 2014 and 80% in 2016 compared with NG and VG. Conclusions Spring-sown winter-type canola can be grazed during summer and autumn in southern Australia with no grain-yield penalty relative to ungrazed canola. However, further grazing or defoliation in winter once bud elongation commences can result in large grain-yield penalties. Implications Spring-sown winter-type canola is a viable forage option for filling the summer–autumn feed gap in southern Australia while also providing a dual-purpose income in mixed-farming systems.
Australia and the International Astronomical Union: the 1973 Sydney general assembly
Authors: Lomb Nick
Published: June 2020

Formed in 1919, the International Astronomical Union is the international body representing professional astronomers. Australia joined the union soon after its formation but, due to financial difficulties, dropped out for a few years until re-joining just before World War 2. The main non-financial contribution any country can make to the union is to host one of its general assemblies that are held in different countries and cities every three years. After Australia’s bid to host a general assembly in 1967 or 1970 was unsuccessful, another bid was made for 1973. This second bid was accepted by the union’s executive council and confirmed in a letter from the union’s general secretary. The five years of planning and organisation for the assembly were made difficult by several external threats. The main one was the late proposal from Poland to move the 1973 assembly to Warsaw to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Copernicus. A compromise of an extraordinary general assembly in Poland following the ordinary one in Australia led to reduced numbers of overseas participants in Sydney. Despite this and other problems, the 1973 general assembly was regarded as highly successful.
Literary Communication as Dialogue
Authors: Sell Roger D.
Published: June 2020

As traced by Roger D. Sell, literary communication is a process of community-making. As long as literary authors and those responding to them respect each other’s human autonomy, literature flourishes as an enjoyable, though often challenging mode of interaction that is truly dialogical in spirit. This gives rise to author-respondent communities whose members represent existential commonalities blended together with historical differences.
These heterogeneous literary communities have a larger social significance, in that they have long served as counterweights to the hegemonic tendencies of modernity, and more recently to postmodernity’s well-intentioned but restrictive politics of identity. In post-postmodern times, their ethos is increasingly one of pleasurable egalitarianism. The despondent anti-hedonism of the twentieth century intelligentsia can now seem rather dated.
Some of the papers selected for this volume develop Sell’s ideas in mainly theoretical terms. But most of them offer detailed criticism of particular anglophone writers, ranging from Shakespeare, Ben Jonson and other poets and dramatists of the early modern period, through Wordsworth and Coleridge, to Dickens, Pinter, and Rushdie.
Direct and indirect threats imposed by plant pathogenic and saprophytic fungi on humans and animals
Authors: Kazerooni Elham Ahmed , Velazhahan Rethinasamy , Essa Musthafa Mohamed , Al-Sadi Abdullah Mohammed
Published: June 2020

Fungi play an important role in our life. Several species of fungi act as biocontrol agents, antibiotic producers, and waste material decomposers. On the other hand, several harmful fungi cause problems by attacking plants, humans, and animals, while others can spoil our food. Fungi attacking plants result in various diseases in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, which could result in either mild reduction in the yield or complete loss of a crop. There are also some fungal species that reside inside the plant tissues without causing diseases (endophytes) and others that survive as saprophytes on plant leaves, stems, or roots without causing damage to plants. Considerable knowledge and reviews have been generated on the effects of plant pathogenic fungi on plants’ survival and yield.  Although some studies indicated the possible effects of plant fungi on humans and animals, there is a lack of a comprehensive review on this aspect. This review paper discusses the direct and indirect effects of plant pathogenic and saprophytic fungal species on humans and animals.
Ethnicity as a tool and nationalities policy as practice: the case of Stavropol krai
Authors: Silaev Nikolai
Published: June 2020

The article examines contemporary nationalities policy in Russia, based on a case study of Stavropolkraiin the northern Caucasus. In order to reveal the informal mechanisms of nationalities policy this research analyses the practices of the ethnic group-making used by the regional bureaucracy. The key argument is that the ethnic divisions, rather than being embedded within the society as everyday social categorizations, are imposed by the bureaucracy in order to make social space more transparent and manageable. The resulting use of ethnicity as a political tool has much in common with the Soviet approach in this field. However, unlike the Soviet nationalities policy, in today’s Russia ethnicity is not pervasive, and the nationalities policy as described is directed only at a small share of the population.
Generation of elliptically polarized soft x rays using high-order harmonic generation with orthogonal two-color laser fields
Authors: Milošević D B , Becker W
Published: June 2020

High-order harmonic generation by orthogonally polarized two-color (OTC) laser fields is analysed using strong-field approximation and quantum-orbit theory. Results for the field components frequency ratio of 2:1 and 3:1 are presented and compared. We have shown that, depending on the relative phase between the field components, the shape of the high-harmonic spectrum can be very different from that obtained by a monochromatic linearly polarized laser field. It is also shown that it is possible to generate elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with very high photon energies using OTC laser field with the frequency ratio of 3:1 and a long fundamental wavelength. An effective relative phase control of the harmonic emission is demonstrated. The obtained results are explained using the quantum-orbit theory.
The sigma chromatic number of the Sierpiński gasket graphs and the Hanoi graphs
Authors: Garciano A D , Marcelo R M , Ruiz M J P , Tolentino M A C
Published: June 2020

A vertex coloring c : V(G) → ℕ of a non-trivial connected graph G is called a sigma coloring if σ(u) ≠ σ(v) for any pair of adjacent vertices u and v. Here, σ(x) denotes the sum of the colors assigned to vertices adjacent to x. The sigma chromatic number of G, denoted by σ(G), is defined as the fewest number of colors needed to construct a sigma coloring of G. In this paper, we determine the sigma chromatic numbers of the Sierpiński gasket graphs and the Hanoi graphs. Moreover, we prove the uniqueness of the sigma coloring for Sierpiński gasket graphs.
The modification of caesar cryptosystem based on binary vertices colouring
Authors: Santoso K A , Agustin I H , Prihandini R M
Published: June 2020

Recently information technology has developed rapidly like the development of computer hardware and software. By the existence of internet technology, the process of data transfer can be done by others from a separate place and outside the system environment. The ease of data access remotely (using the internet) does not mean that they are always positive or good, but they also make new problems for the information world. The biggest problems when using the internet are slow access speeds and security when transferring data. Communication via internet is very susceptible to data loss or changed that caused by system errors or actions from non responsible persons. According to Kadir (2011) errors in data transfer via internet are caused by two reasons, that are the existence of human error or improper user intervention and the existence of technical errors from its system. Many efforts have been made by internet users to solve the problem of data transfer, including encoding data that will be sent in order to no user can read the data except the person has the right to receive it. Just not encoding, there is also an authentication process or validation of the data received, this is done to ensure that the data received is correct or does not changed. In this paper, the author propose a modification of the caesar cipher where if the key used previously is a real number, then we change the key into the coloring of vertices on the graph. So the key that used in this method is a graph. The core of this research is that every character of the plaintext has affiliation with each vertex of the graph, so that if the vertex of the graph gets 4 colors for example, then the characters of the plaintext affiliated with that vertex are also added with 4. This process will be repeated until all characters in the plaintext are coded according to the color of vertex. If the number of the characters plaintext is greater than the number of vertices, then the repeat process will occur until all the characters from the plaintext have affiliation with the vertex on the key graph.
On Ramsey (P
3, C
6)-minimal graphs for certain order
Authors: Nisa F , Rahmadani D , Purwanto  , Susanto H
Published: June 2020

Let F, G and H be graphs. Notation F → (G, H) means that there is any two-coloring, say red and blue, of all edges of F which contains red subgraph isomorphic to G or blue subgraph isomorphic to H. The graph F is Ramsey (G, H)-minimal graph if F → (G, H) but F − e ↛ (G, H) for any e ∈ E(F). The class of all Ramsey (G, H)-minimal graphs will be denoted by R(G, H). In this paper, we proved that there are only two graphs with six vertices that belong to Ramsey minimal graphs for certain pair of path and cycle (P
3, C
6) and we also determined some graphs with eight vertices in R(P
3, C
6).
Evaluation model of knowledge management systems implementation using factor analysis and regresion analysis at the corporation
Authors: Sardjono W , Selviyanti E , Perdana W G
Published: June 2020

The ability to manage knowledge is becoming increasingly important in today’s knowledge economy, especially for companies. In order to obtain the effectiveness of the process of sharing knowledge within the company, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the knowledge management system that is currently running. The purpose of knowledge management is to change the paradigm of existing knowledge in employees into knowledge that can explicitly become corporate or organizational knowledge, so that the company can be used to improve employee performance because there are sufficiently managed references or knowledge or experience or expertise that has been collected and disseminated by previous employee.The data obtained were then analyzed using the factor analysis method, and the results that five factors can affect employee performance through knowledge management systems implementation, these are the factors: human resources ability, effective information, knowledge management systems, Quality for Users, accurate information transfer, and adequate IT Infrastructure. Furthermore, from these five factors by using linear regression analysis a mathematical model can be built which can be simulated to illustrate the results of the evaluation.
Fitting the rice production model using generalized additive mixed model and generalized estimating equation with shiny web application
Authors: Darmawan A S , Anggraeni D , Tirta I M
Published: June 2020

Banyuwangi is a district in East Java province in Indonesia which is known as the Rice Barn of East Java. Banyuwangi region is facing challenges such as population growth, increased consumption of rice, reduced agricultural land because there are several agricultural land used as non-agricultural land. Because of there are production it is not enough from objects with just one period, therefore the use of data panels is one solution because it considers the time period and objects needed to determine the factors that influence rice production. In this study the analysis to model panel data from rice production in Banyuwangi was Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) and Generalized Estimating Equation GEE. In general GAMM as a mixed model, contains random effects so that this model is very useful when inference about individual differences is a major interest. While GEE is a model used to provide the population averaged effect. GEE also has the feature of smoothing natural cubic spline and B-spline so that it can be called GEE (+ NS/BS) which aims to improve the goodness of fitting a model. In this study, we want to see the effect of the total rainfall, harvest area, and population density on rice production. we also develop GAMM in the form of web interface to make users easier to analyze data using GAMM through http://statslab-rshiny.fmipa.unej.ac.id/RProg/MSD/.
Modification of Chaos Game with variation of compression ratio
Authors: Purnomo K D , Dewi M H , Juliyanto B
Published: June 2020

Chaos Game is a form of game drawing a point on a field with certain rules that are repeated iteratively. In general, the new point in the game chaos is the midpoint of the starting point and reference point. The new point is the result of the dilatation with the center of the reference point with a half dilatation factor. The resulting points will form a pattern by paying attention to the nature of self-similarity. This paper will examine the modification of the game chaos rules in generating new points by varying the r compression ratio applied to triangles and rectangles. The compression ratio will be divided into four different intervals. The results of this study indicate that variations in the compression ratio for r = −1, 1orr → +®or 0 < r < 1or −1 < r < 0 do not produce a fractal object, while r > 1or r < −1 will produce a fractal object.
Measuring maturity level of information technology governance at the television broadcasting company
Authors: Selviyanti Erna , Sardjono Wahyu
Published: June 2020

Information Technology has been implemented by PT. Rajawali Citra Televisi Indonesia as a service that contributes to the success of the company’s business goals.Measurement of the level of maturity of the use of information technology is needed to be able to optimize the use of information technology.Measurement of the maturity level of information technology governance using the cobit 4.0 framework with a scale of maturity level 0 - 5.Research on measuring the level of maturity was carried out in the plan and organize (PO) domain.Data collection techniques using the method of observation and questionnaire to 76 respondents.The results showed that the role of information technology at this time in scale 4 (managed and measurable).This shows that the information technology used has been running well and constantly, but there is information technology in some subdivisions that have not been integrated.While the conditions to be achieved for the plan and organize (PO) domain are at level 5, where integrated information technology is no longer between divisions and subdivisions but between broadcasting within a television station company.
Modelling of an electromagnetic wave radiation exposure on a smartphone by using the mat lab program
Authors: Prastowo S H B , Prihandono T , Fadilah N , Bahri S , Ariyani A
Published: June 2020

This research discussed the modelling of an electromagnetic wave radiation exposure on a smartphone which helped by the Mat Lab program. The modelling that was used to solve the intensity radiation was an inversion modelling. Inversion modelling can be defined as a mathematical and statistical method that used to obtain information based on obervational data which is processed into formulation. The purpose of this research was to determine the strong forms of exposure that existed in smartphone with 3 G and 4 G network types. The difference of network types aimed to find out the different forms of the received exposure. The method that was used in this research was done by taking field data which was matched with the calculating data. In order to obtain the suitability of theoretical data and field data, an experimental process can be carried out so that the appropriate results will be obtained and illustrated in graphical form.
Optimal control of microalgae growth using linear quadratic regulator method with firefly algorithm optimization
Authors: Setyowati Suci Yongki , Mardlijah
Published: June 2020

Microalgae is an important potential resource for various industrial applications. In the industry, there are a variety of processed products from algae biomass. Lipids from microalgae used for biofuell, humans and animals in food supplements while in the pharmaceutical, lipids used as a vitamin or protein. The other application of microalgae captures CO
2 and wastewater treatment. This research discusses the optimal control of microalgae growth with variable control are carbon dioxide and nutrients. In this case, the methodology is the Linear Quadratic Regulator method. In the Linear Quadratic Regulator method, there are weights in which the value is determined by trial and error in the matrices Q and R. The method of optimizing the weight value is required to optimize the weight. In this paper, the firefly algorithm is used to optimize the matrix values for Q and R. Application of firefly algorithm is able to optimally increase microalgae growth, so that the biomass produced is also abundant. The using of Firefly Algorithms optimization in the LQR method can increase algal concentration by 63.3% of the initial concentration.
The base matrix of hermitian operator order n<4
Authors: Epiningtiyas S , Supriadi B , Prihandono T , Saputra B H , Makmun M S , Antono B H
Published: June 2020

The Eigen problem is a problem that exists when there is an operator that is affected by the function, then that function does not change except being multipled by the constant in the form of an eigenvalue. In general, the eigenvalue problem uses the Hermitian operators by using observable variable in the form of mathematical operations. Hermitian operator is an operator that happens when the Hermit conjugation is performed, then the operator will return to its original condition. This research aims to determine the base matrix of Hermitian operators with order n ≤ 4 (size 2 × 2, 3 × 3 and 4 × 4). Entry element of the hermitian matrix operator uses complex numbers of which each order consists of few Hermitian operators. The method used is an analytical method by inserting problems into the eigen equation then normalized to obtain a diagonal matrix, so as to obtain a complete solution of the eigen problem on form of a matrix (including eigenvalues, normalized eigenvectors, and base matrix). Base matrix that has been obtained will be a diagonal matrix with diagonal elements of the eigenvalue. The results of this research indicate that the base matrix obtained in each order forms a square matrix that has entry elements in the form of complex numbers.
Students’ creative-innovative thinking skill in solving rainbow antimagic coloring under research based learning model
Authors: Sulistiyono B , Slamin  , Dafik  , Wangguway Y , Al Jabbar Z L
Published: June 2020

The study aims to investigate students’ creative-innovative thinking skill in solving rainbow antimagic coloring on research based learning model. The method used in this study is a mixed method, i.e. combining the qualitative and quantitative methods. The research subjects were 4th semester of students of higher education consisting of 41 students of experimental class and 30 students of control class. The instruments of this research are test, an observation, and an interview. Qualitative method is applied to analyze observation and development research, while quantitative method is applied to analysis the difference in student achievment result among two classes. The result show that there are significant difference between the two classes that applied research based learning and conventional learning models. The statistical result indicates that the (2-tailed) significance of the independent sample t-test in the post-test was 0.000 or p < 0.05. It implies that the implementation of RBL, significantly influenced the students’ creative-innovative thinking skill in solving rainbow antimagic coloring.