bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O telejornal e seu (tele) espectador: um diálogo com Robert Stam sobre a natureza da TV hoje
Authors: TORRES COSTA Vânia Maria , COSTA ALDA CRISTINA SILVA DA , Amorim Célia Regina Trindade Chagas
Published: December 2021

Refletimos sobre a televisão como mediadora da relação com o telespectador, considerando modos de encenação do jornalismo em relação com a audiência. Dialogamos com Robert Stam, no texto ‘o telejornal e seu espectador’, no qual infere o telejornal como agradável, em comparação com elementos fílmicos e televisivos. Analisamos a natureza da televisão e as inovações no telejornalismo no Brasil ao observar o que mudou na narrativa audiovisual. Selecionamos quatro edições de telejornais da Rede Globo, a partir das quais constatamos novas sociabilidades, mais improvisação e intimidade entre notícia e público.
A disputa de narrativas sobre a constituição de um grupo de mulheres no Facebook na campanha presidencial de 2018
Authors: Bittencourt Maria Clara Aquino , Dias Marlon Santa Maria , Ávila Ana Karlice Nascimento de
Published: December 2021

Propomos pensar a constituição do grupo no Facebook Mulheres Unidas Contra Bolsonaro como um ciberacontecimento. Procuramos articular a narrativa a partir dos sentidos que emergem nas redes digitais e daquilo que a imprensa produz de sentidos em torno do acontecimento, amparados em perspectivas teóricas feministas. O modo como o grupo surge e repercute, tornando-se notícia e potencializando diferentes narrativas no universo online. Percebe-se uma articulação em rede que pauta o jornalismo, mas que pelas forças de um embate polarizado, muitas vezes invisibiliza questões de importância política e social.
Sofrência em tempos de felicidade: musica sertaneja e os signos da contemporaneidade
Authors: Brasiliense Danielle , Seixas Leonardo
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo a análise da relação entre a busca por felicidade no contexto neoliberal contemporâneo e o sofrimento cantado nas músicas brasileiras denominadas popularmente como sofrência. Ao cotejar narrativas discursivas em antigas canções de dor de cotovelo e nas atuais canções de sofrimento, analisadas através dos dialogismos bakhtinianos e apoiadas em teorias psicanalíticas, queremos perceber a relação estabelecida entre a dor, o sofrimento e a demanda imperativa por felicidade. Mais especificamente, este artigo investiga as diferentes configurações desses signos que estão diretamente ligados à representação do álcool e do feminejo nas canções de sucesso de estilo sertanejas.
Configurações da organização tecnológica do trabalho jornalístico em rede no modelo pós-industrial: idiossincrasias e similaridades em realidades extremas
Authors: Rocha Paula Melani , De Figueiredo Simone Pallone
Published: December 2021

O artigo discute o processo de trabalho jornalístico considerando a inovação tecnológica, agentes envolvidos e modelos de gestão no jornalismo em rede do século XXI, em duas realidades distintas: empresas “tradicionais” de comunicação que migraram para o jornalismo na internet e novas iniciativas digitais. A investigação analisa a redação online do jornal O Estado de S.Paulo e o site InfoAmazônia. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação e análise dos sites. A discussão fundamentou-se nos estudos sobre transformações do jornalismo no modelo pós-industrial e inovação tecnológica na organização do trabalho.
Editorial ci.vol21n45
Authors: Pessoni Arquimedes
Published: December 2021

Editorial Revista C&I
Aplicação do Game Design Document para Newsgames (GDDN) como metodologia ativa no curso de Graduação em Jornalismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
Authors: Marciano Carlos Nascimento , Paulino Rita Romeiro
Published: December 2021

Diante do avanço tecnológico, que apresenta cada vez mais modos distintos de se comunicar, inovar no jornalismo é uma prática cada vez mais necessária. Apenas migrar o texto do impresso para o online não é novidade e nem recomendado, visto que o universo digital disponibiliza muitos instrumentos que podem facilitar a apuração e diversificar o modo de se contar as histórias. Pensando nisso este trabalho visa fomentar a inserção dos newsgames como ferramenta jornalística, pautando-se em um estudo de caso sobre o desenvolvimento desses jogos jornalísticos em um ambiente acadêmico.
Trajetórias, Objetos e Concepções: jornalismo e inovação em 20 anos de pesquisa na Compós
Authors: Martins Elaide , Sousa Maíra Evangelista de
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender as trajetórias, objetos e concepções atribuídas ao conceito de inovação em pesquisas de Jornalismo, a fim de entender os sentidos da inovação no Jornalismo. Para tanto, analisa-se os trabalhos do GT Estudos de Jornalismo da Compós, apresentados nos últimos vinte anos (2000 a 2019). À luz da Análise de Conteúdo, a investigação combina técnicas quantitativas e qualitativas para examinar o corpus formado por 59 artigos, selecionados de um conjunto de 200 trabalhos. Dentre seus resultados, aponta para diferentes sentidos desse conceito, associados à temporalidade, empreendedorismo e tecnologia.
Framing Analysis como Metodologia de Estudo para Estratégias de Legitimidade Institucional: o caso JBS S.A. após escândalos de corrupção
Authors: Da Silva Marcos Paulo , Beserra de Almeida Maryanna , Dos Santos Bortolocci Espejo Marcia Maria , De Oliveira Vendramin Elisabeth , Espejo Robert Armando
Published: December 2021

O artigo volta-se ao universo da legitimidade social de organizações empresariais em tempos de crises a partir de um diálogo metodológico com a tradição da framing analysis. Busca-se identificar as estratégias de legitimação utilizadas pela empresa JBS S.A. nos anos de 2017 e 2018 em resposta aos danos à imagem causados por operações deflagradas pela Polícia Federal. São estudados 37 comunicados aos investidores e 62 notícias institucionais. Infere-se que as estratégias de ganho de legitimidade estão diretamente ligadas à função de enquadramento de atribuição de juízo moral ao passo em que as estratégias de recuperação de legitimidade vinculam-se à função de enquadramento da identificação de problemas.
Do jogo ao Espetáculo: a midiatização do streaming de games na plataforma Twitch
Authors: Jéssica Galdino Renata , Torres Silva Tarcisio , Alberto Zanotti Carlos
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho analisa a plataforma de streaming Twitch a partir da perspectiva da midiatização, um processo que concebe o fenômeno de novos padrões de interação promovidos pelas mídias em sua relação com a sociedade. Compreendemos que a plataforma leva os usuários a novas experiências no mundo dos games, promovendo interferências na relação original, como o ato de assistir, narrar ou se inserir como figura influente, permitindo o advento de novas celebridades na sociedade do espetáculo.
A pilot study of Korean Medical Examination
Authors: Yoo Junghun , Lee Sanghun , Kim Soyoung , Kim Daehyeok , Park Jeong Hwan
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the Korean medical examination protocol, which included 14 questionnaires and 20 medical examination devices.Methods: We conducted a pilot observational study of 90 subjects to measure the time required to fulfill each item of the Korean medical examination, to evaluate patient satisfaction, and to report improvements that can be made to the Korean medical examination protocol based on clinical coordinator and subject feedback.Results: Among the 90 subjects included in the study (59 women and 31 men; mean [standard deviation] age, 37.2 [12.3] years), over 80% intended to receive a Korean medical examination if hospitals provided it and would recommend a Korean medical examination to others. The average time spent on the overall Korean medical examination was approximately 88.0 (21.4) minutes. Three areas for improvements were reported: survey issues, including the number of items, understanding, and readability; error issues in device measurements; and environmental issues affecting the sequence of medical examinations and temperature.Conclusions: Most subjects were satisfied with the Korean medical examination. Future studies should be conducted with larger samples to collect data continuously.
Integrated Rehabilitation for Children with Cerebral palsy: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lee Hye-Yoon , Yun Young-Ju , Shin Yong-Beom , Kim Soo-Yeon , Han Jun-hee , Yu Sun-ae
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to analyse: 1) the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) and frequency of TKM therapies used and their relationship with conventional treatments.Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 6-78 months (n=126). The children who used herbal medication for >30 days or acupuncture treatment >12 sessions within 6 months were defined as the integrated rehabilitation (IR) group; the remaining participants were included in the conventional rehabilitation (CR) group.Results: Changes in the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) were greater in the IR group (6.4±6.1) than in the CR group (4.6±5.8). The reduction in the number of other health problems was greater in the IR group than in the CR group. The GMFM-66 improvement was greatest in gross motor function classification system level 1. There was no between-group difference in the frequency of rehabilitation therapy (10.9±6.6 and 12.0±9.9 in the IR and CR groups, respectively).Conclusion: TKM may offer additional benefits in terms of the GMFM-66 score and other health problems. However, there is a need for further randomized controlled trials involving a restricted CP type and a controlled treatment type and intensity to confirm these findings.
Regulation of Gastric Acid Secretion of Liriope platyphylla Extract in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Ahn Sang Hyun , Choi Il Shin , Kim Ki Bong
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of Liriope platyphylla extract on relieving Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) through regulation of acid secretion.Methods: 8-week-old ICR mice were divided into untreated control group (Ctrl), GERD elecitation group (GERDE), Omeprazole administrate group before GERD elicitation (OMA), and Liriope platyphylla extract administrate group before GERD elicitation (LPA). After inducing GERD, gross observation and histological examination were performed and ATP6V1B1 (ATPase H+ Transporting V1 Subunit B1), GRPR (Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor), COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase 1), 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine), Cathelicidin, p-JNK (phospho c-Jun N-terminal kinase) were observed to confirm the damage defense effect of the esophageal mucosa, acid secretion regulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mucosal protection, and apoptosis regulationResults: OMA and LPA showed lower levels of damage compared to GERDE in gross observation and histological examination. ATP6V1B1, GRPR, and 8-OHdG showed lower positive reactions in OMA and LPA than in GERDE. COX-1 were less positive in GERDE and OMA than in Ctrl, but showed higher secretion in LPA than in Ctrl. Cathelicidin showed a decreased positive reaction in GERDE, OMA and LPA compared to Ctrl, but the decrease in positive reaction was smaller in OMA and LPA compared to GERDE. p-JNK showed increased positive reaction in GERDE, OMA and LPA than in Ctrl, but the increase in the positive reaction was smaller in the OMA and LPA compared to GERDE.Conclusions: The effects of Liriope platyphylla extract on esophageal mucosal damage protection, acid secretion regulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mucosal protection and apoptosis regulation were confirmed.
Study on the Anthropometric and Body Composition Indices for Prediction of Cold and Heat Patter
Authors: Mun Sujeong , Park Kihyun , Lee Siwoo
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Many symptoms of cold and heat patterns are related to the thermoregulation of the body. Thus, we aimed to study the association of cold and heat patterns with anthropometry/body composition.Methods: The cold and heat patterns of 2000 individuals aged 30–55 years were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire.Results: Among the anthropometric and body composition variables, body mass index (-0.37, 0.39) and fat mass index (-0.35, 0.38) had the highest correlation coefficients with the cold and heat pattern scores after adjustment for age and sex in the cold-heat group, while the correlation coefficients were relatively lower in the non-cold-heat group. In the cold-heat group, the most parsimonious model for the cold pattern with the variables selected by the best subset method and Lasso included sex, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and extracellular water/total body water (adjusted R2 = 0.324), and the model for heat pattern additionally included age (adjusted R2 = 0.292).Conclusions: The variables related to obesity and water balance were the most useful for predicting cold and heat patterns. Further studies are required to improve the performance of prediction models.
A Systematic Review of Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Cirrhotic Ascites
Authors: Kim Seungmo , Lee Yuri , Cho Nakyung , Choi Hongsik , Kim Kyungsoon
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend in the research on cirrhotic ascites using t herbal medicine.Methods: This review was conducted using six electronic databases(NDSL, KMBASE, Koreantk, KISS, KISTI, KoreaMed) with no restriction in year. The search term was ‘liver cirrhosis’, ‘ascites’, or ‘cirrhotic ascites’, ‘herbal medicine’, ‘traditional Chinese medicine’, and ‘randomized clinical trial’, and there was no restriction in year. The searched studies were analyzed according to the type of research.Results: After scanning the titles and abstracts, 13 articles were ultimately included. Of the outcome measures of 13 studies, effective rate, liver function test, and ascites regression time were included in the meta-analysis, which showed that the effective rate of herbal medicine-supportive treatment combination therapy was 1.27 times higher than that of supportive treatment alone, and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions: We analyzed the trends of cirrhotic ascites treatment in herbal medicine through this review. It is necessary to conduct further studies, such as well-designed clinical trials based on the results from experimental research.
Treatment of Recalcitrant Plantar Wart Unresponsive to Cryotherapy with Acupuncture and Moxibustion: A Case Report
Authors: Shim Soo Bo , Sung Hyun Kyung , Lee Hye Lim
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Plantar wart is a common viral skin disease caused by human papillomavirus infection and poses a therapeutic challenge in the paediatric patient population. Acupuncture and moxibustion are effective treatments for a wide range of skin conditions.Case report: This study presents the case of a 9-year-old girl for whom complete resolution of recalcitrant warts was achieved with acupuncture and moxibustion treatment.Results: After 20-week treatment, the wart lesions and pain were completely resolved. At the 6-month follow-up, the lesions remained fully resolved.Conclusion: This result suggests that acupuncture and moxibustion could be effective therapeutic strategies for plantar warts.
Optical inspection of single vision soft contact lenses based on an active adaptive wavefront sensor
Authors: Abdelazeem Rania M. , Agour Mostafa
Published: December 2021

We present an experimental configuration for optical inspection of single vision soft contact lenses based on an active adaptive wavefront sensor. At first, the soft lenses were immersed in a saline filled wet cell to prevent surface deformation during measurements. Thereafter, refractive powers and aberrations were accurately measured before and after correcting illumination laser beam aberrations and wet cell-induced aberrations. The results reveal that there is a significant difference between the measured aberrations and refractive powers before and after aberration compensation. Accordingly, the proposed system is recommended as an optical inspection tool for precise assessment of commercially available contact lenses.
Imaging deeper than the transport mean free path with multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Akbari Najva , Rebec Mihailo R , Xia Fei , Xu Chris
Published: December 2021

Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy enables deep in vivo imaging by using long excitation wavelengths to increase the penetration depth of ballistic photons and nonlinear excitation to suppress the out-of-focus fluorescence. However, the imaging depth of multiphoton microscopy is limited by tissue scattering and absorption. This fundamental depth limit for two-photon microscopy has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Long wavelength three-photon fluorescence microscopy was developed to image beyond the depth limit of two-photon microscopy and has achieved unprecedented in vivo imaging depth. Here we extend the theoretical framework for characterizing the depth limit of two-photon microscopy to three-photon microscopy. We further verify the theoretical predictions with experimental results from tissue phantoms. We demonstrate experimentally that high spatial resolution diffraction-limited imaging at a depth of 10 scattering mean free paths, which is nearly twice the transport mean free path, is possible with multiphoton microscopy. Our results indicate that the depth limit of three-photon microscopy is significantly beyond what has been achieved in biological tissues so far, and further technological development is required to reach the full potential of three-photon microscopy.
Ultracompact silicon-based polarization splitter and rotator based on asymmetric directional couplers with subwavelength gratings
Authors: Chen Jingyuan , Xiao Jinbiao
Published: December 2021

An ultrasmall polarization splitter and rotator (PSR) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform is proposed based on an asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) consisting of a bridged subwavelength grating (BSWG) and a strip silicon waveguide with another SWG embedded in the middle slot. The inputting TE mode is tightly confined in BSWG and directly passes through a bar port with little coupling to the adjacent waveguide because of the phase mismatch, while the phase-matching condition allows the injected TM mode to be evanescently decoupled from BSWG and simultaneously converted into the TE mode supported by a SWG slot waveguide before propagating out through the cross port. Both polarization-dependent behaviors within the proposed PSR can be readily realized and efficiently manipulated by independently controlling the attributes of the ADC waveguides, which are distinctly engineered by different SWG segments. We have verified what we believe, to the best of our knowledge, is the first combination of BSWG and a SWG slot waveguide that provides an additional degree of freedom in the design and a stronger modal hybridization due to the doubled effects from jointly used SWGs. Further, the increasing number of inserted SWGs in the present device drastically reduces the device footprint, leading to a coupling length of only 5.5 µm. From the results, the conversion loss of

−
0.28

d
B

(polarization conversion ratio of 93.7%) has been obtained for a TM-to-TE conversion at 1.55 µm. The TM mode of the resulting PSR shows its cross talk is less than

−
14.3

d
B

and the conversion loss is better than

−
0.63

d
B

in a 95 nm bandwidth that has covered the entire C and L bands. The cross talk and insertion loss of the TE mode are lower than

−
29

d
B

and

−
0.42

d
B

, respectively, as the operating wavelength varies.
Eu3+-based dual-excitation single-emission luminescent ratiometric thermometry
Authors: Yang Yuanbo , Li Leipeng , Suo Hao , Li Panlai , Wang Zhijun , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: December 2021

Recently, single-band ratiometric (SBR) thermometry becomes a hot-spot in the research field of optical thermometry. Here we propose a new SBR thermometry by combining the temperature-induced red shift of charge transfer state (CTS) of W-O and Eu-O with the ground state absorption (GSA) and excited state absorption (ESA) of Eu3+. The emitting intensity of the 5D0-7F2 transition of Eu3+ is monitored under CTS, GSA and ESA excitations at different temperatures. It is found that the SBR thermometry, depending on the combination of [GSA + CTS] of Eu3+ doped calcium tungstate, has the highest relative sensitivity of 1.25% K−1 at 573 K, higher than conventional luminescent ratiometric thermometry such as the 2H11/2 and 4S3/2 thermally coupled states of Er3+.
Ge2Sb2Se4Te1-based multifunctional metalenses for polarization-independent, switchable and dual-mode focusing in the mid-infrared region
Authors: Xu Junwei , Tian Ximin , Ding Pei , Xu Kun , Li Zhi-Yuan
Published: December 2021

Reconfigurable metasurfaces, whose optical responses can be tailored post-fabrication, hold great promise to enable multifunctional and versatile optical components. However, the singularity of adjustment, usually manifested as switching functions or wavelength-tunable features, hinders their further development in practice. Particularly, active polarization-insensitive metasurfaces usually appear to be forced by using the isotropic nanostructure as their constituent elements, rendering them to lose a degree of freedom in the design space and plaguing them in many practical scenarios. In this paper, we report a polarization-insensitive, switchable and dual-mode multifunctional metalens. By using anisotropic Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 nanofins as building blocks, we can accurately impart the phases to each atom in order to realize the full 2π coverage by restricting their rotation angle to either 0 or 90 degrees. This guarantees that the metalens can elegantly focus any incident polarized light at the operation wavelength of λ0 = 4200 nm. Meanwhile, the proposed metalens can also focus the oblique incident light into one spot within the incident angle range of [−2.4°, +2.4°], providing a field of view (FOV) of 4.8°. Moreover, the designed scheme supports a stable focusing efficiency (above 60%), a near-constant focal length (the focal length shifts less than 6%) and diffraction-limited focal spots over λ = 4000–4500 nm. The point to emphasize here is that when the amorphous Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (aGSST) is converted into the crystalline state (cGSST), the designed metalens can be switched off in terms of focusing features at λ0 = 4200 nm, while the bright focal spot reappears on the focal plane at the wavelength of λ = 4700 nm unexpectedly. The cGSST-based metalens works well both in the reflection and transmission modes simultaneously at the wavelength of λ = 4000 nm owing to phase matching conditions. The generality of our polarization-insensitive, switchable and dual-mode design allows it to be implemented in a plethora of metasurface devices with promising applications, such as: optical imaging, optical encryption, augmented reality and sensing systems.
Parallel data acquisition and reconstruction method of near-field ptychography for large samples
Authors: Lin Huixiang , Xu Wenhui , Zhang Fucai
Published: December 2021

Near-field ptychography is an attractive modality of coherent diffraction imaging, which can provide quantitative phase of samples at sub-pixel resolution and shows low requirement on beam coherence and detector dynamic range. In the case of studying extensive samples, a large dataset would be recorded, resulting in a long data acquisition time and high requirements for computer memory and computing power. Here, we proposed a simple experimental arrangement for parallel data acquisition and the corresponding image reconstruction algorithm. The scheme can dramatically increase the overall imaging speed. The algorithm can be efficiently implemented on graphic processing units (GPUs). The feasibility and effectiveness of the method have been validated with numerical simulation and optical experiments. The proposed approach would be helpful for imaging using large-array cameras.
Passively Q-switched 5-µm Ce3+-doped selenide glass laser using Fe:CdTe and Fe:CdSe as saturable absorbers
Authors: Fjodorow P. , Frolov M. P. , Korostelin Y. V. , Kozlovsky V. I. , Leonov S. O. , Skasyrsky Y. K. , Denker B. I. , Galagan B. I. , Sverchkov S. E. , Koltashev V. V. , Plotnichenko V. G. , Sukhanov M. V. , Velmuzhov A. P.
Published: December 2021

The first, to the best of our knowledge, mid-infrared Q-switched Ce3+-doped glass laser is demonstrated. As saturable absorbers, Fe2+:CdSe and Fe2+:CdTe are used for the first time. When Q-switched by Fe:CdSe, the laser operates in a multi-pulse regime with an individual pulse width of 110 ns, centered at λ = 5.20 µm. With Fe:CdTe as saturable absorber, 1–3 giant pulses of 30 ns pulse width are generated at λ = 5.13 µm.
Holographic printing for generating large-angle freeform holographic optical elements
Authors: Jeon Hosung , Lim Sungjin , Jeon Youngjin , Baek Woongjae , Heo Daerak , Kim Youngmin , Kim Hwi , Hahn Joonku
Published: December 2021

We propose a holographic printing technique for generating highly
efficient large-deflection-angle freeform holographic optical elements
(HOEs). For industrial device applications, the optical efficiency and
deflection angle of HOEs are critical. To fabricate a high-frequency
volume grating in a hogel, we design an optomechanical hogel recording
system with a high angle deflection capability, which contrasts with
the conventional printing scheme, the wavefront holographic printing
technique featuring a paraxial deflection angle. With the proposed
system, a large-deflection-angle HOE is experimentally demonstrated,
and short-throw holographic caustic projection patterns are
realized.
Mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genome in Turkey and impact of mutations on spike protein structure
Authors: Hatirnaz Ng Ozden , Akyoney Sezer , Sahin Ilayda , Soykam Huseyin Okan , Bayram Akcapinar Gunseli , Ozdemir Ozkan , Kancagi Derya Dilek , Sir Karakus Gozde , Yurtsever Bulut , Kocagoz Ayse Sesin , Ovali Ercument , Ozbek Ugur
Published: December 2021

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). As of May 25th, 2021 there were 2.059.941 SARS-COV2 genome sequences that have been submitted to the GISAID database, with numerous variations. Here, we aim to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 genome data submitted to the GISAID database from Turkey and to determine the variant and clade distributions by the end of May 2021, in accordance with their appearance timeline. We compared these findings to USA, Europe, and Asia data as well. We have also evaluated the effects of spike protein variations, detected in a group of genome sequences of 13 patients who applied to our clinic, by using 3D modeling algorithms. For this purpose, we analyzed 4607 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences submitted by different lab centers from Turkey to the GISAID database between March 2020 and May 2021. Described mutations were also introducedin silicoto the spike protein structure to analyze their isolated impacts on the protein structure. The most abundant clade was GR followed by G, GH, and GRY and we did not detect any V clade. The most common variant was B.1, followed by B.1.1, and the UK variant, B.1.1.7. Our results clearly show a concordance between the variant distributions, the number of cases, and the timelines of different variant accumulations in Turkey. The 3D simulations indicate an increase in the surface hydrophilicity of the reference spike protein and the detected mutations. There was less surface hydrophilicity increase in the Asp614Gly mutation, which exhibits a more compact conformation around the ACE-2 receptor binding domain region, rendering the structure in a “down” conformation. Our genomic findings can help to model vaccination programs and protein modeling may lead to different approaches for COVID-19 treatment strategies.
Multi-membrane search algorithm
Authors: Song Qi , Huang Yourui , Lai Wenhao , Han Tao , XU Shanyong , Rong Xue
Published: December 2021

This research proposes a new multi-membrane search algorithm (MSA) based on cell biological behavior. Cell secretion protein behavior and cell division and fusion strategy are the main inspirations for the algorithm. In order to verify the performance of the algorithm, we used 19 benchmark functions to compare the MSA test results with MVO, GWO, MFO and ALO. The number of iterations of each algorithm on each benchmark function is 100, the population number is 10, and the running is repeated 50 times, and the average and standard deviation of the results are recorded. Tests show that the MSA is competitive in unimodal benchmark functions and multi-modal benchmark functions, and the results in composite benchmark functions are all superior to MVO, MFO, ALO, and GWO algorithms. This paper also uses MSA to solve two classic engineering problems: welded beam design and pressure vessel design. The result of welded beam design is 1.7252, and the result of pressure vessel design is 5887.7052, which is better than other comparison algorithms. Statistical experiments show that MSA is a high-performance algorithm that is competitive in unimodal and multimodal functions, and its performance in compound functions is significantly better than MVO, MFO, ALO, and GWO algorithms.
γδ T cell IFNγ production is directly subverted by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis outer protein YopJ in mice and humans
Authors: Chu Timothy H. , Khairallah Camille , Shieh Jason , Cho Rhea , Qiu Zhijuan , Zhang Yue , Eskiocak Onur , Thanassi David G. , Kaplan Mark H. , Beyaz Semir , Yang Vincent W. , Bliska James B. , Sheridan Brian S.
Published: December 2021

Yersinia pseudotuberculosisis a foodborne pathogen that subverts immune function by translocation ofYersiniaouter protein (Yop) effectors into host cells. As adaptive γδ T cells protect the intestinal mucosa from pathogen invasion, we assessed whetherY.pseudotuberculosissubverts these cells in mice and humans. Tracking Yop translocation revealed that the preferential delivery of Yop effectors directly into murine Vγ4 and human Vδ2+T cells inhibited anti-microbial IFNγ production. Subversion was mediated by the adhesin YadA, injectisome component YopB, and translocated YopJ effector. A broad anti-pathogen gene signature and STAT4 phosphorylation levels were inhibited by translocated YopJ. Thus,Y.pseudotuberculosisattachment and translocation of YopJ directly into adaptive γδ T cells is a major mechanism of immune subversion in mice and humans. This study uncovered a conservedY.pseudotuberculosispathway that subverts adaptive γδ T cell function to promote pathogenicity.
RSK1 SUMOylation is required for KSHV lytic replication
Authors: Liu Zhenshan , Liu Chengrong , Wang Xin , Li Wenwei , Zhou Jingfan , Dong Peixian , Xiao Maggie Z. X. , Wang Chunxia , Zhang Yucai , Fu Joyce , Zhu Fanxiu , Liang Qiming
Published: December 2021

RSK1, a downstream kinase of the MAPK pathway, has been shown to regulate multiple cellular processes and is essential for lytic replication of a variety of viruses, including Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Besides phosphorylation, it is not known whether other post-translational modifications play an important role in regulating RSK1 function. We demonstrate that RSK1 undergoes robust SUMOylation during KSHV lytic replication at lysine residues K110, K335, and K421. SUMO modification does not alter RSK1 activation and kinase activity upon KSHV ORF45 co-expression, but affects RSK1 downstream substrate phosphorylation. Compared to wild-type RSK1, the overall phosphorylation level of RxRxxS*/T* motif is significantly declined in RSK1K110/335/421R expressing cells. Specifically, SUMOylation deficient RSK1 cannot efficiently phosphorylate eIF4B. Sequence analysis showed that eIF4B has one SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) between the amino acid position 166 and 170 (166IRVDV170), which mediates the association between eIF4B and RSK1 through SUMO-SIM interaction. These results indicate that SUMOylation regulates the phosphorylation of RSK1 downstream substrates, which is required for efficient KSHV lytic replication.
A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout screen identifies immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 4 as a key host factor that promotes influenza virus endocytosis
Authors: Song Yangming , Huang Haixiang , Hu Yuzhen , Zhang Jiwen , Li Fang , Yin Xin , Shi Jianzhong , Li Yanbing , Li Chengjun , Zhao Dongming , Chen Hualan
Published: December 2021

Influenza virus infection is dependent on host cellular factors, and identification of these factors and their underlying mechanisms can provide important information for the development of strategies to inhibit viral infection. Here, we used a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus to perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout screen in human lung epithelial cells (A549 cells), and found that knockout of transmembrane protein immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 4 (IGDCC4) significantly reduced the replication of the virus in A549 cells. Further studies showed that IGDCC4 interacted with the viral hemagglutinin protein and facilitated virus internalization into host cells. Animal infection studies showed that replication of H5N1 virus in the nasal turbinates, lungs, and kidneys of IGDCC4-knockout mice was significantly lower than that in the corresponding organs of wild-type mice. Half of the IGDCC4-knockout mice survived a lethal H5N1 virus challenge, whereas all of the wild-type mice died within 11 days of infection. Our study identifies a novel host factor that promotes influenza virus infection by facilitating internalization and provides insights that will support the development of antiviral therapies.
Estudos sobre os Descobrimentos e a Expansão Portuguesa: Volume III
Authors: Santos João Marinho dos
Published: December 2021

Guerreando, comerciando ou missionando, navegando, viajando ou praticando a diplomacia, os portugueses de Quinhentos não podiam nem queriam alhear-se da “conversação” (comunicação) com os “outros”. Observavam-nos física e culturalmente, procuravam saber deles (olhando, escutando ou lendo) o mais possível. Por simples curiosidade cultural, bem própria do espírito Renascentista de então? Sem dúvida, a que acrescia, entre nós, o interesse pré-científico ou a formação de um “humanismo prático”, já desdobrado em surpreendentes técnicas e interessantes saberes. Mas também o faziam por “dever”, tal como lho exigiam os interesses da Coroa/Estado, da Igreja e da Nação, numa tridimensionalidade que se ia concretizando em Império Moderno.
Személyes történelem
Authors: Urbanik Tímea
Published: December 2021

Krusovszky Dénes kortárs, generációs regényének főszereplője a gyermekkora helyszínére utazik. A szereplő kilép a mindennapi, megszokott életéből, ahhoz, hogy jobban megértse azt, s az emlékei nyomába ered. A regény kérdéseinek egyike: mennyire vagyunk részei a körülöttünk zajló történéseknek. Van-e valóban olyan esemény, amihez nincs közünk, vagy részesültségünk és érintkezésünk csak a megfelelő figyelem és jelenlét kérdése-e? A regényben olyan kapcsolódási pontok és életlehetőségek merülnek fel, melyek párhuzamban állnak történelmi és aktuálpolitikai eseményekkel és létrehozzák a maguk lokális narratíváit a globális értelmezések mellett.
Rémhírek és konteók pandémia idején
Authors: Szirmai Éva
Published: December 2021

Egy korábbi kutatás során a kormányzati kommunikáció és a rémhírképződés összefüggéseit vizsgáltam, elsősorban az ellenségkép kialakítása/kialakulása szempontjából. Azt tapasztaltam, hogy a lokális politikai szándék és kulturális tapasztalat jelentős mértékben befolyásolja a globálisnak tetsző jelenségek helyi változatait, ugyanakkor a világ szinte minden pontján feltűnnek olyan összeesküvés elméletek, amelyek az egész emberiséget veszélyeztető, idegen hatalmak tevékenységéről szólnak. Jelen tanulmányban arra teszek kísérletet, hogy megvizsgáljam, a COVID-19 járvány második hullámának idején milyen viszonyulásmódok válnak jellemzővé egyrészt a pandémiával, annak kiváltó okaival és okozóival, másrészt a politikai intézmények által hozott intézkedésekkel (elsősorban a vakcinációval) szemben. Keresem a jellemző összeesküvés-elméletek lehetséges motivációit és kulturális beágyazottságát.
A felsőoktatás nemzetköziesítésének kulturális dimenziói
Authors: Keczer Gabriella
Published: December 2021

A magyar felsőoktatás nemzetköziesedése révén a hazai felsőoktatásban is egyre nagyobb számban és arányban tanulnak más országokból érkezők, ennek megfelelően a külföldi hallgatók fogadásának kulturális aspektusai is egyre fontosabbá válnak számunkra. Tanulmányomban nemzetközi és hazai szakirodalmi források, kutatások alapján azt mutatom be, hogy milyen kihívásokkal járhat a külföldi hallgatók saját, "hozott" kultúrájának és a lokális szokásoknak és értékeknek a találkozása, ütközése; milyen oktatói és szervezeti kompetenciák szükségesek az eredményes interkulturális oktatáshoz; és milyen kedvező kulturális hatásokkal jár a külföldi hallgatók jelenléte megfelelő szervezeti és pedagógiai megoldások esetén.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Evaluation of Library of
3-Mercapto-1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Nayak Swarnagowri , Gaonkar Santosh L. , Hakkimane Sushruta S. , B Swapna , Shetty Nitinkumar S.
Published: December 2021

Due to the increasing microbial resistance to antibacterial and antifungal drugs, the development of
new antimicrobial agents is an urgent priority. In search of newer antimicrobial agents, a series of
4,5-disubstituted-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives were synthesized from aromatic acids and
substituted isothiocyanates. The in silico study was performed to study the binding interactions of the
synthesized compounds with the active pocket of CYP51. Among the synthesized 3-mercapto-triazole
derivatives, compounds 6r, 6s and 6u exhibited promising antimicrobial activity comparable to standard
drugs. The results suggested that the structural modification to 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives
could lead to promising antimicrobial scaffolds.
Critical Pedagogy Trends in English Language Teaching
Authors: Portilla Quintero Brenda , Herrera Molina Jennifer
Published: December 2021

This article presents a literature review regarding the latest trends in the inclusion of Critical Pedagogy (CP) in English Language Teaching (ELT) in different countries worldwide and in Colombia, considering its different regions. A review of different articles was conducted by considering four databases that include two regional and two international journal directories in both English and Spanish. The papers were analyzed and discussed from a mixed approach in which four keywords were tracked, and factors such as geographical distribution, as well as the way in which CP was implemented in the studies, were identified. The results of this query show that CP in ELT is an emerging trend, especially in countries where political, social, and economic inequality remains. In the same way, the findings suggest that different strategies regarding curricula analysis, the role of teachers and students as social subjects, among others, have been carried out in order to foster the understanding of this theory and its application and considerations in real-life contexts. Attempts to implement CP in English classes have proven to be meaningful experiences and constructive at developing critical thinking strategies in students.
Деятельность профессиональных экспертных сообществ: особенности мотивации участников и оценка их вовлеченности
Authors: Долженко Светлана Борисовна , Долженко Руслан Алексеевич , Харченко Вера Сергеевна , Назаров Александр Вячеславович
Published: December 2021

Статья представляет результаты исследования вовлеченности участников профессиональных экспертных сообществ, влияющих на решение вопросов социально-экономического характера, в том числе оказывающих содействие развитию системы образования и национальной системы квалификаций в стране.
Актуальность исследования обусловлена возрастанием и конкретизацией роли профессиональных экспертных сообществ в формировании системы квалификаций и распространением интеллектуальных продуктов, производимых структурами национальной системы квалификации, среди учебных заведений и отраслевых участников. При этом значительная часть деятельности осуществляется на некоммерческой основе вне обязательств трудовых отношений, а потому необходимо выявить мотивы созидательной, по сути волонтерской экспертной деятельности.
Теоретико-методологической основой работы служит эмпирическое исследование профессиональных экспертных сообществ, а именно серия глубинных интервью с лидерами сообществ и анкетирование их участников. Это продолжение предыдущих работ авторов, опубликованных в 2017-2019 гг., реализованное в виде мониторинга сообществ в отдельной области профессиональной деятельности — управление персоналом. Раскрытие мотивов вовлеченности участников профессиональных экспертных сообществ позволяет определить привлекательные области и точки роста добровольной экспертной активности. По итогам исследования разработаны рекомендации по повышению вовлеченности участников ПЭС в решение актуальных социально-экономических задач.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-010-00933 «Социально-экономические основания развития и институционализации профессиональных экспертных сообществ». Авторы благодарят за помощь в проведении исследования экспертов профессиональных сообществ: Community HUB, СРОО «Ассоциация руководителей и специалистов в области управления человеческими ресурсами».
«Трансформирующая агентность» как предмет исследований и разработок в XXI веке: обзор и интерпретация международного опыта
Authors: Сорокин Павел Сергеевич , Зыкова Анастасия Викторовна
Published: December 2021

Накопленный в период глобальной пандемии опыт показывает, что способность к самостоятельному инициативному действию является ключевой для эффективного функционирования и развития многих общественных институтов, например в сфере образования или труда. Несмотря на их высокую практическую актуальность, вопросы «(трансформирующей) агентности», то есть проактивного изменения социальных институтов и структур через индивидуальное действие, по-прежнему занимают периферийное место в мейнстриме социальных наук. Более того, широкий спектр соответствующих наработок из разных дисциплин, а также из экспертного дискурса пока остается несистематизированным. Социологическая концептуальная рамка «структура — действие» дает возможность классифицировать релевантные понятия и наработки.
Разработанная классификация может выступить базой для создания целостных и комплексных моделей «(трансформирующей) агентности», позволяющих преодолеть привычные для мейнстрима социальных наук представления о приоритетном значении «внешних» структур и институтов по отношению к трансформационному потенциалу действия. Подобный «разворот» в академических и экспертных дискуссиях адекватен практическим задачам и вызовам, с которыми столкнулся мир на фоне продолжающейся глобальной пандемии.
Благодарность. В данной научной работе использованы результаты проекта, выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.
Авторы выражают благодарность Тимофею Редько и Алле Бородиной (оба — НИУ ВШЭ) за помощь в сборе и систематизации библиометрической информации.
Авторские платформы — главный тренд в развитии социальных сетей
Authors: Черный Василий Анатольевич , Вебер Валерия Вячеславовна
Published: December 2021

В рамках статьи рассматриваются данные регулярного исследования активной аудитории социальных сетей в России за октябрь 2020 г. В исследование включены данные по социальным сетям «ВКонтакте», Instagram, «Одноклассники», Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, TikTok, включающие объем аудитории, возраст и пол авторов. Внимание исследования сосредоточено на активной (пишущей) аудитории — социальные сети изучаются как средство публичной коммуникации, влияющее на общественное мнение. Для выделения данных по стране по каждой соцсети учтен процент геоопределения: количество сообщений, у которых имеются данные по географии, поделено на процент сообщений с геоданными. Аналогично для авторов.
В результате исследования выявлены социальные сети с наибольшим ростом активной аудитории за 2020 г.: Instagram, YouTube и TikTok. Сформулированы тренды их развития. Для них проведен анализ и составлен рейтинг наиболее вовлекающих в коммуникацию авторов. Вовлеченность — сумма лайков, репостов и комментариев в аккаунте автора за сентябрь 2021 г. Для тройки быстрорастущих соцсетей проанализирован контент трех самых популярных авторов.
Biodegradation of Polyethylene Microplastic using Culturable Coral-Associated Bacteria Isolated from Corals of Karimunjawa National Park
Authors: Widyananto Prastyo Abi , Muchlissin Sakti Imam , Sabdono Agus , Yulianto Bambang , Hamid Fauziah Shahul , Radjasa Ocky Karna
Published: December 2021

Polyethylene is a plastic material that was globally produced and is well known as a non-degradable pollutant product. Plastic pollution, primarily microplastics, have been distributed to coral reef ecosystems, where these areas are ecosystems with high productivity. Karimunjawa National Park in Indonesia is one of the protected areas for coral reef ecosystem habitat in Central Java, threatened by microplastic contamination. Recent studies have shown that coral-associated bacteria have an adequate ability to degrade marine pollutant materials. No one has reported that the use of indigenous coral-associated bacteria has the potential for microplastic biodegradation, especially low-density polyethylene microplastic materials. Hence, the objective of this study was to find the potential of microplastic biodegradation agents derived from coral-associated bacteria in Karimunjawa National Park area. Various coral life-forms were isolated in July 2020 from conservation areas and areas with anthropogenic influences. Bacterial isolates were screened using tributyrin and polycaprolactone as substrates to reveal potential microplastic degradation enzymes. The total isolation results obtained 92 bacterial isolates, and then from the result of enzyme screening, there were 7 active bacteria and only 1 bacteria that potential to degrade polyethylene. LBC 1 showed that strain could degrade by 2.25±0.0684 % low-density polyethylene microplastic pellet by incubating bacterial growth until the stationary phase. Identification of LBC 1 strain was carried out by extracting DNA and bacterial 16S rRNA sequences. Bacterial gene identification refers to Bacillus paramycoides with a similarity level in the National Center Biotechnology Information database of 99.44%. These results prove that hard coral association bacteria can degrade low-density polyethylene microplastics.
The Binaural Interaction Component in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Peacock John , Mackey Chase A. , Benson Monica A. , Burton Jane A. , Greene Nathaniel T. , Ramachandran Ramnarayan , Tollin Daniel J.
Published: December 2021

The binaural interaction component (BIC) is a sound-evoked electrophysiological signature of binaural processing in the auditory brainstem that has received attention as a potential biomarker for spatial hearing deficits. Yet the number of trials necessary to evoke the BIC, or its measurability, seems to vary across species: while it is easily measured in small rodents, it has proven to be highly variable and less reliably measured in humans. This has hindered its potential use as a diagnostic tool. Further measurements of the BIC across a wide range of species could help us better understand its origin and the possible reasons for the variation in its measurability. Statistical analysis on the function relating BIC DN1 amplitude and the interaural time difference has been performed in only a few small rodent species, thus it remains to be shown how the results apply to more taxonomically diverse mammals, and those with larger heads. To fill this gap, we measured BICs in rhesus macaque. We show the overall behavior of the BIC is the same as in smaller rodents, suggesting that the brainstem circuit responsible for the BIC is conserved across a wider range of mammals. We suggest that differences in measurability are likely because of differences in head size.