bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Vesicles: Intercellular Communication Mediators in Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Štok Ula , Čučnik Saša , Sodin-Šemrl Snežna , Žigon Polona
Published: April 2021

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis, obstetric complications and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) that cause endothelial injury and thrombophilia. Extracellular vesicles are involved in endothelial and thrombotic pathologies and may therefore have an influence on the prothrombotic status of APS patients. Intercellular communication and connectivity are important mechanisms of interaction between healthy and pathologically altered cells. Despite well-characterized in vitro and in vivo models of APS pathology, the field of extracellular vesicles is still largely unexplored and could therefore provide an insight into the APS mechanism and possibly serve as a biomarker to identify patients at increased risk. The analysis of EVs poses a challenge due to the lack of standardized technology for their isolation and characterization. Recent findings in the field of EVs offer promising aspects that may explain their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including APS.
Cardiovascular Risk/Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Roman Gabriela , Pantea Stoian Anca
Published: April 2021

People with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a 2–3 times higher cardiovascular risk (CVR) than people without diabetes. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in T2DM. Over 30% of those with T2DM have CVD (cardiovascular disease), and over half die from it, mainly from coronary heart disease. The presence of T2DM reduces life expectancy by 10–14 years. The European Society of Cardiology stratifies the CVR into moderate (young patients, with a short duration of diabetes, no risk factors), high (duration of diabetes >10 years, no target organ damage, plus any additional risk factor) and very high (patients with established CVD, target organ injury three CVD risk factors: age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, or Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) over 20 years duration). The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) considers that diabetes per se involves high risk. Heart failure (HF) is the second most common complication after obstructive peripheral arterial disease. T2DM associates a 75% higher risk of CV mortality or hospitalization for HF. A multifactorial approach is required to reduce CV morbidity and mortality.
Adolescents’ intention and willingness to engage in risky photo disclosure on social networking sites: Testing the prototype willingness model
Authors: Paluckaitė Ugnė , Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė Kristina
Published: April 2021

Researchers state that around 80-90% of adolescents share photos on social networking sites (SNS) (Anderson & Jiang, 2018), which may have positive and negative consequences on adolescents’ health. However, it is still unclear why adolescents engage in such kind of behaviour. Thus, the aim of this study is to find out if the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) can explain adolescents’ risky photo disclosure on SNS. To reach this aim, a survey study was conducted among a sample of adolescents (N = 586; Mage = 14.65, SDage = 1.36; 56.9% female). Students were asked to fill in hard copy questionnaires, assessing the factors of reasoned (intention) and reactive (willingness) pathways of the PWM and risky photo disclosure on SNS. In order to test adolescents’ intention and willingness of risky photo disclosure on SNS, structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis was performed using Mplus. The results of the hypothesized model showed acceptable model fit: χ² = 3950.467, p < .001; RMSEA = .064, 90% CI [.062, .067], CFI = .935, TLI = .931. According to the results, we can state that adolescents’ risky photo disclosure on SNS is better explained by the factors of the reasoned pathway (intention) than the reactive pathway (willingness).
Correlations of online social network size with well-being and distress: A meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Chiungjung
Published: April 2021

This meta-analysis examines the correlations of the number of social network site (SNS) friends with well-being and distress, based on 90 articles consisting of 98 independent samples on correlations of online social network size (OSNS) with happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, loneliness, social anxiety, social loneliness, well-being and distress. The correlations between OSNS and well-being indicators are positively weak (from .06 to .15), whereas those for distress indicators are inconclusive (from -.19 to .08). Studies recording the OSNS based on the participant profile have larger mean effect sizes for well-being (.21) and self-esteem (.31) than those based on self-reporting (.06 and .05, respectively). The correlation between OSNS and self-esteem is stronger in samples with a smaller mean network size.
Prey
Authors: Varga Doc ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

When is suicide acceptable? Are their acceptable and unacceptable reasons for suicide? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jared has decided to enter a government program that, after 15 hours of counseling, will allow him to legally take his own life. Doctor Ansley is the top government therapist with 199 “saves” for the year. After several sessions it becomes clear that Jared has serious conviction about dying, but he also has a secret reason for his choice. Only after Doctor Ansley tricks him by giving him a fake test does he divulge his true reason for wanting to die. Jared believes the earth is feeding off of humans and has instilled, through chemical responses, our desire to stay alive so we will continue feeding it. In short, all humans are the earth’s food source and, only by becoming unattached from being alive, can we break the cycle. Jared completes the required sessions and dies. And Doctor Ansley now has questions as well.
Guilt-Edge Security
Authors: Hartley James A. ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

How does our limited life span determine our choices and our view on the preciousness of life? How would these views change if we lived forever? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, a traveling salesman sits at the bar after a long day drinking bourbon. He is approached and cleverly pitched a new product he has discovered on a distant rim planet, Life. The product stops the aging process. The first batch is free, and the salesman returns eight years later to get into the distribution business.
The Paradigm of the Wild, Cultural Diversity, and Chinese Environmentalism
Authors: Liu Yuedi ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: April 2021

The so-called “Paradigm of the Wild” means either environmental ethics or environmental aesthetics has gone wild. According to Holmes Rolston, III, “philosophy has gone wild.” Chinese traditional environmentalism takes another anthropocosmic way, and it has a global applicability in cultural diversity. The dichotomy of “nature-culture” is already out of date, and humans have to face the new relation of humanized-nature today. From the perspec­tive of “ethics and aesthetics” in Chinese Confucianism, a different passageway between environmental ethics and environmental aesthetics can be shaped.
Cultural Roots for the Evolution of Wilderness and the Anxieties of Urban Living
Authors: Che Yuling , Duan Feifei ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: April 2021

Space being the precondition for human existence, human perception and experience vary responding to different spaces. Modern urban dwellers live in urban space where they seem to have much space mobility but end up living in a homogenized concrete jungle. This fact has influenced, if not defined, modern urban dwellers’ life experience and caused their anxieties about such an existence. However, wilderness, as opposed to urban space, is not merely a type of space, but a way of existence relating to diversity, freedom, and healthy savagery. Civilizational evolution explains the change of human perception of wilderness from fear and desire to conquer to longing and affection, and in this sense the history of the evolution of space perception is also a history of civilization because space and culture are entwined and the more diversified the types of human living space, the more diversified their existences. In the contemporary world, the significance of wilderness not only lies in its resistance to the aforementioned homogenized, unidimensional, urban human existence, but the civilization of wilderness points to a new form of civilization that is intrinsically different from technological civilization for whose disease the civilization of wilderness per se may serve as a possible remedy.
Wilderness Spirit and Ecological Self in the Vision of Ecopsychology
Authors: Hu Yanqiu , Zhou Xiaotao ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: April 2021

Ecopsychology holds that a full-fledged self should be in harmony with nature, but when the human’s social self, consumptive false self, and paranoid cultural narcissism prevail, the ecological self goes from dominant existence to recessive existence. Because of this predicament with regard to the ecological self, one should make full use of wildness spirit to reshape the ecological self. Due to the abstract nature of the wilderness spirit and in an attempt to present the wilderness spirit in a more concrete and vivid way, the wilderness spirit needs to be set apart from wilderness literature so as to analyze the role that the wilderness spirit plays in rebuilding the ecological self.
Análise da rede social de um centro de atenção psicossocial álcool e drogas
Authors: Siniak Débora Schlotefeldt , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Júnior João Nunes Maidana , Ávila Marciele Barcelos , Silva Vanessa Alvez Mora da
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: investigar a rede social de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para álcool e outras drogas (CAPS AD) a partir dos encaminhamentos e recebimentos de casos. Método: quantitativo, descritivo, realizado em um município do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a dezembro de 2017, por meio de roda de conversa, aplicação de questionário em formato de Escala Likert e construção de sociogramas, analisadas pela Análise de Redes Sociais; participaram do estudo 13 profissionais. Resultados: havia 37 atores envolvidos de forma direta ou indireta no cuidado às pessoas que usam drogas. O CAPS AD e a Estratégia Saúde da Família são alguns dos principais serviços que encaminham e recebem demandas dessa população. Conclusão: são necessárias a descentralização da rede e conectividade entre os atores, e pensar em formas de atuação conjunta que propiciem a construção de um sistema integrado e cooperativo.
O apoio da superintendência escolar aos gestores escolares do Ceará durante a implantação do ensino remoto: uma análise sob a ótica dos gestores da Regional Crede 3, Acaraú
Authors: Da Costa Francisco José , Freitas Nádia Cristina Ribeiro , Azevedo Márcia Roberta Silva
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo tem-se o objetivo de apresentar uma avaliação dos gestores sobre a atuação da Superintendência Escolar da Seduc/CE na orientação, apoio e qualificação da gestão escolar no que diz respeito à implantação e acompanhamento do plano de atendimento domiciliar no período de ensino remoto. Utilizou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, de natureza aplicada, visando a avaliação do serviço da superintendência pelos gestores e a geração de conhecimentos sobre a prática desse colaborador. A metodologia foi composta por pesquisa bibliográfica, aplicação de questionário estruturado e análise dos resultados contextualizando com a bibliografia. Concluiu-se que o apoio da Superintendência tornou-se essencial no processo de implementação do PAD, uma vez que orientou, acompanhou e gerou reflexão sobre a atuação dos gestores, fortalecendo sua atuação na organização dos processos escolares, com foco na interação, manutenção de vínculo e aprendizagem dos estudantes. Constatou-se também que o serviço da Superintendência gerou uma relação de confiança, corresponsabilização e proximidade das escolas com as demais instâncias da rede, o que contribuiu para uma implantação mais eficaz do plano de atendimento domiciliar das escolas.Palavras-chave: gestão, superintendência escolar, ensino remoto.
O exercício da amorosidade no trabalho criador da/do artista da cena
Authors: Mele Claudia
Published: April 2021

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre como o exercício da amorosidade pode auxiliar na transformação de si, no entendimento da importância do trabalho colaborativo e na ampliação das possibilidades criativas na prática da/o atriz/ator. A pesquisadora, professora de disciplinas corporais em faculdades de artes cênicas, observou uma mudança significativa nas relações entre as/os estudantes, dentro e fora da sala de aula, após a realização de práticas através do estudo da teoria milenar hindu do sistema de chakras, com enfoque no chakra do coração. São apresentadas sugestões de exercícios, citações de percepções das/dos alunas/os e reflexões a respeito das práticas da amorosidade.
As faíscas heréticas e eróticas da performer Lia Garcia
Authors: Vomero Maria Fernanda Ceccon
Published: April 2021

Em Cicatriz, performance apresentada na 7ª edição da Mostra Internacional de Teatro de São Paulo, realizada em março de 2020, a performer, pedagoga, poeta e ativista afromexicana Lia Garcia expressa a dor de ser uma pessoa trans*, rememora vítimas de transfeminicídio e mobiliza elementos recorrentes em seu trabalho, tais como o afeto, o erotismo e o toque físico, como um grito coletivo de resistência. Cicatriz reverbera também os afetos e diálogos surgidos durante o convívio com as e os participantes brasileiros de sua oficina Laboratório de Experimentação 1 – Vozes Desobedientes, oferecida durante o mesmo festival.
THeru-K- Koothu e o mundo desencantado: Caminhos e descaminhos de uma tradição ritual
Authors: Cippiciani Irani
Published: April 2021

Este artigo trata dos dilemas enfrentados pelos artistas de Theru-K-Koothu, forma teatral folclórica do estado de Tamil Nadu, Índia, quando deslocados de seu contexto ritual, comunitário e agrário, e lançados em um mundo globalizado e urbano, onde o imaginário coletivo e a organização social diferem daquela em que esta manifestação cultural foi gestada. Desse modo, analisa as consequências e desdobramentos deste choque entre sistemas de valores tão diferentes sobre os artistas, suas redes de relações e sobre a própria estrutura da encenação, tomando emprestado o conceito de “desencantamento do mundo” de Weber, avançando para a dimensão que ele toma nos escritos de Fischer-Lichte, em cruzamento com o conceito de “liminaridade” apresentado por Caballero. A pergunta que se levanta desse encontro é: o que o Theru-K-Koothu pode nos dizer sobre nosso próprio desencanto e quais estratégias pode nos oferecer como antídoto a ele?
Pelo movimento dançado: Uma gestologia do cacoete
Authors: Muniz Zilá , Gois Amanda
Published: April 2021

Este artigo propõe pensar o movimento da improvisação em dança com o movimento repetitivo, mais especificamente do cacoete, no caso aqui, proveniente da Síndrome de Tourette em um exercício de cruzar aspectos tanto da dança em relação ao cacoete, quanto do cacoete com a dança. Como a dança, enquanto prática e pensamento, pode ser desafiada pela percepção sensório motora do cacoete? Para tal, o enfoque é a relação entre a percepção sensorial e a criação do gesto, ao provocar um princípio de definição para uma gestologia do cacoete pela perspectiva do movimento dançado.
a_ponte: cena do teatro universitário: Fronteiras e movências de uma experiência em processo
Authors: Brasil Galiana
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho buscou revelar modos de fazer, interseções, fronteiras e derivas de uma experiência de arte e curadoria: a_ponte: cena do teatro universitário, a partir das possibilidades de diálogo entre campos da pedagogia, das artes cênicas e da gestão cultural, visando além da construção de memória e compartilhamento, a possibilidade de futuros possíveis para uma experiência em curso, profundamente atravessada e impactada pelo contexto atual, o cenário da pandemia de covid-19 no ano de 2020.
Curadoria das Artes Cênicas: Gestão para a criação de relações, reflexões e experiências
Authors: Polistchuk Anna Helena da Costa , Almeida Karina Campos de
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão sobre a curadoria nas artes cênicas e o papel da/do curadora/curador na sua prática profissional na contemporaneidade, considerando ações artísticas no contexto brasileiro. Apresenta-se um percurso histórico, percorrendo uma trajetória no contexto das artes modernas, quando a profissão se estabelece com as características atuais. Em seguida, elaboram-se perspectivas críticas sobre a função da curadora ou do curador, analisando as atribuições necessárias para a criação de uma programação em artes cênicas. Por fim, discorre-se sobre a curadora ou o curador como um/uma gestor/gestora de expectativas, responsável por propor debates sobre a sociedade e a própria arte, a partir da relação que se estabelece entre artista, obra e público dentro de uma programação de artes cênicas.
La platería como medio de contar la historia: El contexto de Santiago de Compostela entre el siglo XIX y el XX a través de las obras de Ricardo Martínez
Authors: Pérez Varela Ana
Published: April 2021

Acostumbramos a decir que las obras de arte son hijas de su tiempo. En este artículo exploramos el contexto histórico-artístico de la Compostela del tránsito del siglo XIX al XX, una época efervescente a menudo olvidada por los estudios, a través de una serie de obras de platería del célebre Ricardo Martínez. Siendo las artes suntuarias un elemento clave de las grandes lagunas historiográficas del arte compostelano, a lo largo de este texto pretendemos demostrar cómo dimensiones como la platería y otros oficios artísticos de Santiago pueden contribuir a construir su discurso historiográfico.

We're used to saying that works of art are the mirror of History. In this paper, we explore the historical and artistic context in Compostela between the nineteenth and twentieth century, a vibrant epoch often forgotten in the studies, throughout a series of pieces of silversmithing by the artist Ricardo Martínez. Being the sumptuary arts a key element, quite ignored by the historiography of the art from Compostela, this text aims to demonstrate how artistic fields like silversmithing and other artistic Arts-and-Crafts from Santiago can contribute to build its historiographical state of art.
Metáforas y evocaciones en los títulos de las obras teatrales de Angélica Liddell
Authors: Colomina Molina Teresa
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se analiza el significado de los títulos de las obras de teatro más representativas de la dramaturga española, directora y actriz Angélica Liddell. Basándonos en una metodología de estudio de caso se analizan algunos de los títulos comprendidos desde el año 1991 hasta el 2018 desde una perspectiva hermenéutica. Cada uno de los títulos es tomado como pequeñas unidades de información, siendo analizados y clasificados en cinco apartados principales (relaciones interpersonales,contexto sociopolítico, rebeldía, muerte y familia). Estas temáticas configuran el universo de la escritora y adquieren unlenguaje propio y dimensionado al margen del texto dramático que encabezan.

This article analyses the meaning of the titles of the most representative plays of the spanish playwright, director and actress Angélica Liddell. With a case study methodology, some of the titles from 1991 to 2018 are analyzed from a hermeneutic perspective. Each of the titles is taken as small units of information, and have been analyzed and classified in five main sections(interpersonal relations, socio-political context, rebellion, death and the family). These themes configure the writer's universe and acquire its own language and a new dimension apart from the dramatic text they lead.
En torno al templo parroquial de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Cieza (siglos XVIII-XIX)
Authors: Marín Rodríguez Manuel
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se realiza un estudio histórico-artístico sobre la Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Cieza, desde sus orígenes hasta el final de su construcción en 1873, dando a conocer los diversos canteros y arquitectos que intervinieron en el proceso de sus obras, periodo que, según se desprende de la bibliografía y la documentación consultada, parece ser que abarcó desde finales del siglo XVII hasta finales del siglo XIX, momento en el que se concluye su torre campanario por parte del arquitecto murciano José Marín Baldo, cuyo proyecto original redactado en 1873, queda plasmado en el apéndice documental que lo acompaña.

In this article a historical-artistic study is carried out on the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption of Cieza, from its origins until the end of its construction in 1873, making known the various stonecutters and architects who intervened in the process of their works, a period that, as can be seen from the bibliography and the documentation consulted, seems to have spanned from the end of the 17th century until the end of the 19th century, at which time its bell tower is completed by the Murcian architect José Marín Baldo, whose project original written in 1873, is reflected in the accompanying documentary appendix.
Promising practices for equitable hiring :
Authors: Hoffman Elizabeth , Evans Heather M
Published: April 2021

To ensure NIST is taking a strategic and long-term approach to building a diverse workforce, explicit steps should be taken in hiring practices. The best practices described in this report provide a roadmap for Hiring Managers, whether hiring a part-time student researcher or filling a full-time permanent career position. The focus of this report is on practices that target the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workforce at NIST, but they can be extended to other career tracks as well. Using these practices, NIST can achieve greater organizational diversity, improve innovation, and find top talent using evidencebased, effective intervention strategies. The report also provides additional information about the value proposition of diversity and inclusion for productive, innovative workplaces. This report reflects the status of NIST programs and plans as of spring 2021.
Socialpædagogik og digital kommunikation for ægtefæller til mennesker med demens
Authors: Andersen Randi , Skjødt Ulla , Aagerup Lars Christian
Published: April 2021

ResumeArtiklen tager udgangspunkt i projektet Demantec om digital kommunikation til understøttelse af livskvalitet for ægtefæller til mand eller hustru med demens. Det empiriske materiale er produceret i et feltstudie. Analysen viser udfordringer hos ægtefæller til mand eller hustru med demens, og hvordan en digital platform til understøttelse af livskvalitet for ægtefællerne bliver modtaget i praksis. Artiklen har fokus på ægtefællernes eksistentielle og sociale udfordringer, og diskuterer mulighederne for at understøtte disse ved inddragelse af socialpædagogiske traditioner om dannelse som eksistentielt projekt og inkluderende fællesskaber – med en digital platform som supplerende teknologi.

Abstract: Social Pedagogy and digital communication to support life quality for spouses to people with dementia.This article is part of the Demantec project investigating how spouses to people with dementia experience quality of life, and how social pedagogy and the use of digital communication have potentials to influence their quality of life. Based on interviews with spouses and field studies on cafes for spouses, the article argues that their need for information about dementia and dialogue, about their social and existential challenges in everyday life, are substantial. The discussions shed light on if and how digital communication can accommodate these needs. The conclusion is that there are potentials in a social pedagogical approach in practice using digital communication for supporting the needs of spouses.
Optimal evolutionary decision-making to store immune memory
Authors: Schnaack Oskar H , Nourmohammad Armita
Published: April 2021

The adaptive immune system provides a diverse set of molecules that can mount specific responses against a multitude of pathogens. Memory is a key feature of adaptive immunity, which allows organisms to respond more readily upon re-infections. However, differentiation of memory cells is still one of the least understood cell fate decisions. Here, we introduce a mathematical framework to characterize optimal strategies to store memory to maximize the utility of immune response over an organism’s lifetime. We show that memory production should be actively regulated to balance between affinity and cross-reactivity of immune receptors for an effective protection against evolving pathogens. Moreover, we predict that specificity of memory should depend on the organism’s lifespan, and shorter lived organisms with fewer pathogenic encounters should store more cross-reactive memory. Our framework provides a baseline to gauge the efficacy of immune memory in light of an organism’s coevolutionary history with pathogens.
Electrical synaptic transmission requires a postsynaptic scaffolding protein
Authors: Lasseigne Abagael M , Echeverry Fabio A , Ijaz Sundas , Michel Jennifer Carlisle , Martin E Anne , Marsh Audrey J , Trujillo Elisa , Marsden Kurt C , Pereda Alberto E , Miller Adam C
Published: April 2021

Electrical synaptic transmission relies on neuronal gap junctions containing channels constructed by Connexins. While at chemical synapses neurotransmitter-gated ion channels are critically supported by scaffolding proteins, it is unknown if channels at electrical synapses require similar scaffold support. Here, we investigated the functional relationship between neuronal Connexins and Zonula Occludens 1 (ZO1), an intracellular scaffolding protein localized to electrical synapses. Using model electrical synapses in zebrafish Mauthner cells, we demonstrated that ZO1 is required for robust synaptic Connexin localization, but Connexins are dispensable for ZO1 localization. Disrupting this hierarchical ZO1/Connexin relationship abolishes electrical transmission and disrupts Mauthner cell-initiated escape responses. We found that ZO1 is asymmetrically localized exclusively postsynaptically at neuronal contacts where it functions to assemble intercellular channels. Thus, forming functional neuronal gap junctions requires a postsynaptic scaffolding protein. The critical function of a scaffolding molecule reveals an unanticipated complexity of molecular and functional organization at electrical synapses.
The Optical Properties of Indocyanine Green suspended in Solution as Observed under Near Infrared LED and LASER Light Conditions
Authors: Curtis Angharad , Li Kang , Ali Mohammed , Copner Nigel
Published: April 2021

The use of Indocyanine Green (ICG) as a fluorescent marker at Near Infrared (NIR) excitation wavelengths is well established in clinical imaging. Typical systems comprise multiple LED sources for optimal imaging which can result in unnecessary energy transfer to patients and contribute to tissue damage. An experimental setup comprising a 780 nm excitation channel generating up to 10 mW of optical power is used in order to determine if there is potential to exploit the optical properties of ICG, in order to reduce the total excitation power through pulsing. We demonstrate in this work that a single 1.6 Megapixel CMOS camera with quantum efficiency of less than 30% is appropriate to capture both fluorescent and non-fluorescent landmarks at NIR wavelengths. Experimental results verify that all ICG solutions tested yielded detectable fluorescence and that degradation of fluorescence intensity over time is multifaceted.
UMA ODE AO VOO DE LIBERDADE: ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A INTOLERÂNCIA PELA AMBIGUIDADE À LUZ DA TEORIA AUSUBELIANA
Authors: Tramontin Herton Fabiano , Da Silva Ronaldo
Published: April 2021

A partir do conceito de intolerância pela ambiguidade, este estudo de caso, originado de duas observações não estruturadas, avaliou duas situações distintas no contexto educacional. Ambas envolveram estados de confronto cognitivo estabelecidos por intermédio de enfrentamentos conceituais, os quais predispunham uma aluna do segundo ano do Ensino Fundamental I e a outra estudante de Música a exporem-se a condições de escolha. Tais circunstâncias tiveram como objetivo principal refletir sobre a aprendizagem significativa a partir da teoria ausubeliana. As contribuições permitiram compreender os motivos pelos quais a intolerância pela ambiguidade estabeleceu condições conflitantes nos sujeitos e o quanto a aprendizagem [musical] significativa é fundamental para que o aprendiz alcance patamares cognitivos superiores.
LETRAMENTO ACADÊMICO EM UM CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA A DISTÂNCIA: PERCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES SOBRE AS PROPOSTAS DE ESCRITA
Authors: Koerner Rosana Mara , Santiago Emanuelle
Published: April 2021

Com o objetivo de perceber o que acadêmicos de um curso de pedagogia a distância dizem sobre as propostas de leitura e escrita feitas por seus professores, foi desenvolvida a presente pesquisa, de viés qualitativo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário e entrevista com estudantes iniciantes e concluintes, em um total de vinte e cinco participantes, e foram analisados de acordo com o que preconiza a Análise de Conteúdo. A perspectiva adotada é a dos Novos Estudos dos Letramentos. Os resultados indicaram lacunas entre o que os professores propõem e aquilo que os estudantes compreendem que deve ser feito, caracterizando-se a prática institucional como envolta em certo mistério. Os principais autores que fornecem subsídios teóricos são Franco (2005), Fiad (2017), Street (2014), Kleiman (2009) e Fischer (2014).
Polypeptide chains with similar amino acid sequences but a distinctly different conformation
Authors: Dijkstra Bauke W. , Weijer Wicher J. , Wierenga Rik K.
Published: July 2002

The primary structures of bovine and porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 differ only by about 15%. Nevertheless, a 12 residue loop, with only one substitution (Val→Phe) has a quite different conformation, whereas the rest of the molecules have a very similar folding indeed. From this observation it is concluded that prediction of a 3‐dimensional structure on the basis of sequence similarity of short segments alone might give erroneous results.
Protein‐synthesis inhibitory protein from seeds of Luffa cylindria roem
Authors: Kishida Kazuo , Masuho Yasuhiko , Hara Takeshi
Published: July 2002

A protein (designated as luffin) with an app. M
r of 26000, which inhibits protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysate, was purified to homogeneity from the seeds of Luffa cylindria roem by extraction with 20 mM Na phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) containing 0.2 M NaCl, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and chromatography on Sephacryl S‐200 and CM‐Sephadex C‐25. Luffin exhibited 10‐times as strong inhibitory activity against protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysate (IC
50, 0.42 ng/ml) as that of ricin A‐chain, but it showed only a weak cytotoxicity against murine leukemia L1210 cells, an activity of 1/106 to 1/105 that of ricin.
Calmodulin antagonists inhibit aggregation of human, guinea pig and rabbit platelets induced with platelet activating factor
Authors: Levy Joseph V.
Published: July 2002

Three calmodulin (CM) antagonists W‐7, W‐5, and trifluoperazine (TFP) were tested for ability to prevent aggregation of human, guinea pig, and rabbit platelets induced by 7.88 μM PAF. The naphthalene sulfonamide derivatives, W‐7 and W‐5, were active in all species, W‐5 being 1,5–5.7‐times less potent than W‐7, in accordance with W‐5 being a weaker CM inhibitor. ED
50‐Values for TFP were 155, 160 and 255 μM for rabbit, human and guinea pig platelets, respectively. Results are consistent with the notion that some substances antagonizing CM may inhibit PAF aggregation effects. W‐7 is most effective on human platelets (ED
50 51.5 μM). High concentrations of TFP required to antagonize PAF‐induced aggregation cautions against ascribing its effects solely to an inhibitory effect on CM.
Enzymatic synthesis of a blood group A related, difucosyl heptaglycosylceramide with a type 2 carbohydrate chain
Authors: Samuelsson Bo E.
Published: July 2002

The presence of an α1→3 fucosyltransferase in the serum of an A1Rh(−) Le(a−b+) Fy(a−b+) Jk(a+b+)K(−)M(−)N(+)S(−)s(+)P1(+) human secretor was shown, capable of converting a blood group A active hexaglycosylceramide with a type 2 carbohydrate chain into the corresponding difucosyl compound under in vitro conditions.
Picosecond measurements of the primary photochemical events in reaction centers isolated from the facultative green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus
Authors: Kirmaier Christine , Holten Dewey , Feick Reiner , Blankenship Robert E.
Published: July 2002

The primary charge separation process in reaction centers isolated from the green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus has been investigated with picosecond transient absorption techniques. Transient spectra and kinetics are compared with those obtained under identical conditions on reaction centers from the purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. An early electron acceptor complex in both organisms appears to involve interacting bacteriopheophytin‐a and bacteriochlorophyll‐a molecules. However, there are significant spectral and kinetic differences in the two reaction center preparations.
Modification of subunit interaction in membrane‐bound acid β‐glucosidase from Gaucher disease
Authors: Maret Arlette , Potier Michel , Salvayre Robert , Douste-Blazy Louis
Published: July 2002

The radiation inactivation method has been used to determine the molecular mass of membrane‐bound acid β‐glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) in situ, in normal human spleen and in that of two patients with type I Gaucher disease: the molecular mass in Gaucher spleen is about double (125 000 ± 8900) of that found in the normal spleen (67 000 ± 7700) which is compatible with the existence of subunit coupling in the muted acid β‐glucosidase. From the results, we conclude that subunit interaction is altered in mutant acid β‐glucosidase and that this may be due to a direct effect of the mutation.
Adenylate cyclase activity of NIH 3T3 cells morphologically transformed by ras genes
Authors: Levitzki Alexander , Rudick Joyce , Pastan Ira , Vass William C. , Lowy Douglas R.
Published: July 2002

The observed homology between G‐proteins which regulate adenylate cyclase and ras proteins and the suggested role of ras in the regulation of adenylate cyclase in yeast prompted us to examine the regulation of adenylate cyclase in three cell lines: (i) NIH 3T3 cells, (ii) NIH 3T3 cells transformed by high levels of the normal ras
H gene product and (iii) NIH 3T3 cells transformed by a mutated ras
H gene product. We found that the regulation of adenylate cyclase by G‐proteins is identical in the three cell lines, although the response of the transformed NIH 3T3 cells to agonists is strongly attenuated. Our data suggest that mammalian ras products do not interact directly with adenylate cyclase, although their increased expression may indirectly inhibit the interaction of adenylate cyclase stimulatory receptors with G‐proteins.
Acetylcholine‐ and inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate‐induced calcium mobilization in Xenopus laevis oocytes
Authors: Nadler Etta , Gillo Boaz , Lass Yoram , Oron Yoram
Published: July 2002

Acetylcholine induces a complex electrical membrane response in Xenopus laevis oocytes. This response is mimicked, and probably mediated by injected inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate. Oocytes prelabelled with 45Ca released calcium in two phases, the second, slow phase exhibiting first order kinetics of release. Brief exposure of prelabelled oocytes to acetylcholine resulted in a significant increase in the rate of calcium release that returned to control values 2‐3 min following the removal of the neurotransmitter. Intracellular injection of inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate resulted in increased rate of calcium release similar to, but longer than that caused by acetylcholine. Experiments conducted on single oocytes permitted the investigation of the relationship between acetylcholine‐induced and inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate‐induced calcium mobilization and the resulting electrical membrane response. Our data reinforce our previous suggestion that inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate is the intracellular second messenger of the muscarinic membrane electrical response in Xenopus oocytes.
Solid‐phase peptide synthesis of human(Nle‐27)‐oxyntomodulin
Authors: Audousset-Puech M.P. , Dufour M. , Kervran A. , Jarrousse C. , Castro B. , Bataille D. , Martinez J.
Published: July 2002

Oxyntomodulin is a peptide isolated from porcine intestine which consists of the whole glucagon sequence extended at its C‐terminal part by a basic octapeptide. The analogue (Nle‐27)‐oxyntomodulin of the human sequence has been synthesized by solid‐phase peptide synthesis, purified by HPLC and identified. Its biological activities are the same as those of the natural hormone.
Heat shock inactivates a supernatant factor(s) specifically required for efficient expression of the amp gene in Escherichia coli
Authors: Kuriki Yoshitaka
Published: July 2002

A 160 000 × g supernatant of E. coli extract prepared from cells grown at 30°C stimulated specifically the expression of the amp gene on pBR322 and pBR328 in an in vitro gene expression system from E. coli. This activity of the supernatant was markedly reduced when the cells were exposed to 42°C for 30 min prior to preparing the supernatant. These results are consistent with the view that heat shock‐induced repression of the amp gene expression is due to inactivation of a supernatant factor(s) required for effective expression of the amp gene.
Human Gi protein α‐subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA
Authors: Didsbury John R. , Ho Ye-Shih , Snyderman Ralph
Published: July 2002

The amino acid sequence of the α‐subunit of Gi, the human adenylate cyclase inhibiting GTP‐binding protein, has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of a DNA clone complementary to Giα, mRNA from differentiated U937 cells. The cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 355 amino acids (M
r 40456). The amino acid sequence homology between human Giα and rat, murine, and bovine Giα is 98.6, 97.7 and 87.9% respectively. Differentiation of the U937 cells from monoblasts to monocyte‐like cells resulted in a 3‐fold increase in Giα mRNA as well as a 3.6‐fold increase in the 41 kDa pertussis toxin substrate presumed to be Giα. Thus, increased levels of this G‐protein are associated with monocyte differentiation and appear to be regulated transcriptionally.
Methyllycaconitine: a selective probe for neuronal α‐bungarotoxin binding sites
Authors: Ward J.M. , Cockcroft V.B. , Lunt G.G. , Smillie F.S. , Wonnacott S.
Published: July 2002

The ability of methyllycaconitine (MLA) to inhibit the binding of [125I]α‐bungarotoxin to rat brain membranes, frog and human muscle extracts and the human muscle cell line TE671 has been measured. MLA showed a markedly higher affinity for the rat brain site (K
i 1.4 × 10−9 M) than for the muscle receptors (K
i; 10−5‐10−6 M). Structure modelling techniques were used to fit the structure of MLA to a nicotinic pharmacophore model. MLA is the first low molecular weight ligand to be shown to discriminate between muscle nicotinic receptors and their α‐bungarotoxinbinding counterpart in the brain, and as such may be a useful structural probe for pursuing the structural and functional properties of the neuronal protein.
Mutational analysis of the active site of RNase of Bacillus intermedius (BINASE)
Authors: Yakovlev Gennady I. , Moiseyev Gennady P. , Struminskaya Nina K. , Borzykh Oleg A. , Kipenskaya Larisa V. , Znamenskaya Lelya V. , Leschinskaya Inna B. , Chernokalskaya Elena B. , Hartley Robert W.
Published: July 2002

To elucidate the functional role of some residues in the active site of binase, the extracellular ribonuclease of Bacillus intermedius, we used site‐directed mutagenesis. On cleavage of various substrates the catalytic activity of binase mutant His101Glu is 2.0–2.7% of that for native enzyme. The decrease in activity is determined mainly by the decrease in molecular rate constant k
cat with almost unchanged affinity of the enzyme for the substrate, characterized by K
M. This is the expected result if His101 acts as an general acid, donating a proton to the leaving group on cleavage of a phosphodiester bond. The replacement of Lys26 by Ala causes a reduction in the enzyme activity to 13—33%, depending on the substrate. The activity decreases are due to changes in both k
cat and K
M for poly(I) and poly(A) but in k
cat alone for GpA. In the latter case the effect is far less than that seen in the homologous mutation in the closely related enzyme, barnase.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the 550–585 region of α‐dystroglycan binds β‐dystroglycan as revealed by NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Bozzi Manuela , Veglia Gianluigi , Paci Maurizio , Sciandra Francesca , Giardina Bruno , Brancaccio Andrea
Published: July 2002

We have probed the binding of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the region 550–585 of the α subunit of dystroglycan with a recombinant protein fragment corresponding to the N‐terminal extracellular region of β‐dystroglycan (654–750), using NMR in solution. In a 30:1 molar ratio, the peptide binds to the recombinant protein fragment in the fast/intermediate exchange regime. By monitoring the peptide intra‐residue HN–Hα peak volumes of the 2D TOCSY NMR spectra, both in the absence and in the presence of the recombinant fragment, we determined the differential binding affinities of each amino acid. We found that the residues in the region 550–565 (SWVQFNSNSQLMYGLP) are more influenced by the presence of the protein, whereas the C‐terminal portion is marginally involved. These NMR results have been confirmed by solid‐phase binding assays.
Agonist‐induced internalization and mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation of the human prostaglandin EP4 receptor
Authors: Desai Snehal , Ashby Barrie
Published: July 2002

We examined the pathway of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)‐induced internalization of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor in HEK 293 cells. Co‐expression of dominant negative β‐arrestin (319–418) or dynamin I (K44A) with the EP4 receptor reduced internalization. The activated receptor co‐localized with GFP‐arrestin 2 and GFP‐arrestin 3, confirming the requirement for β‐arrestins in internalization. Inhibition of clathrin‐coated vesicle‐mediated internalization resulted in inhibition of sequestration, whereas inhibition of caveola‐mediated internalization had no effect. PGE2 stimulation of the EP4 receptor resulted in rapid mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase activation. Examination of an internalization‐resistant mutant and co‐expression of mutant accessory proteins with EP4 revealed that MAP kinase activation proceeds independently of internalization.
Cholinesterases from the common oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Bocquené Gilles , Roig Anne , Fournier Didier
Published: July 2002

Marine bivalves such as oysters and mussels are widely used as bioindicators of contamination in the monitoring of pollutant effects. As filter feeders, these species are known to be good general indicators of chemical contamination. However, the efficient use of decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the oyster as a biomarker of exposure to neurotoxic compounds requires a definition of the different types of cholinesterases coexisting in this mollusk. This study reports the partial purification, separation and characterization of two cholinesterases extracted from the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Differences in apparent molecular weight, type of glycosylation and hydrophobicity, and sensitivity to inhibitors suggest that they are encoded by two different genes. ‘A’ cholinesterase (apparent molecular weight 200 kDa) is anchored to the membrane via a glycolipid, is not glycosylated but sensitive to organophosphate and carbamate inhibitors. ‘B’ cholinesterase (molecular weight 330 kDa) is hydrophilic, glycosylated and highly resistant to organophosphate and carbamate inhibitors. The kinetic properties of these two cholinesterases were compared with those of other invertebrate cholinesterases. The presence of a cholinesterase insensitive to insecticides suggests that a significant improvement in the use of oyster cholinesterases as biomarkers of pollutant effects could be achieved by simple separation of the two forms.
Membrane association of sucrose synthase: changes during the graviresponse and possible control by protein phosphorylation
Authors: Winter Heike , Huber Joan L , Huber Steven C
Published: July 2002

Sucrose synthase (SuSy) plays an important role in sucrose degradation and occurs both as a soluble and as a membrane‐associated enzyme in higher plants. We show that membrane association can vary in vivo in response to gravistimulation, apparently involving SuSy dephosphorylation, and is a reversible process in vitro. Phosphorylation of SuSy has little effect on its activity but decreases its surface hydrophobicity as reported with the fluorescent probe bis‐ANS. We postulate that phosphorylation of SuSy (and perhaps other membrane proteins) is involved in the release of the membrane‐bound enzyme in part as a result of decreased surface hydrophobicity.
Characterisation of the effects of mutation of the caldesmon sequence691glu‐trp‐leu‐thr‐lys‐thr696to pro‐gly‐his‐tyr‐asn‐asn on caldesmon‐calmodulin interaction
Authors: Huber Pia A.J , Levine Barry A , Copeland O'neal , Marston Steven B , EL-Mezgueldi Mohammed
Published: July 2002

We have investigated the functional properties of a mutant (Cg1) derived from the C‐terminal 99 amino acids of chicken caldesmon, 658–756 (658C) where the sequence691glu‐trp‐leu‐thr‐lys‐thr696is changed to pro‐gly‐his‐tyr‐asn‐asn. Cg1 bound Ca2+‐calmodulin with (1/7)th of the affinity as compared to 658C or whole caldesmon. NMR titrations indicate that the contacts of Ca2+‐calmodulin with the Trp‐722 region of the peptide are retained but that those at the mutated site are lost. Most importantly Ca2+‐calmodulin is not able to reverse the Cg1‐induced inhibition. We conclude that the interaction of calmodulin with this caldesmon sequence is crucial for the reversal of caldesmon inhibition of actin‐tropomyosin activation of myosin ATPase. The results are interpreted in terms of multi‐site attachment of actin and Ca2+‐calmodulin to overlapping sequences in caldesmon domain 4b.
Biochemical characterization of HIV‐1 Rev as a potent activator of casein kinase II in vitro
Authors: Ohtsuki Kenzo , Maekawa Toshiro , Harada Shigeyoshi , Karino Atsushi , Morikawa Yuko , Ito Masahiko
Published: July 2002

The stimulatory effects of several DNA‐binding basic proteins (histone and protamine) and HIV‐1 Rev with arginine (Arg)‐rich clusters on the activity of casein kinase II (CK‐II) were investigated in vitro. It was found that recombinant Rev (rRev) and the synthetic oligo‐fragments corresponding to the amino acid sequences of its Arg‐rich cluster stimulate CK‐II activity in a dose‐dependent manner. The activated CK‐II phosphorylates several cellular and viral proteins in HIV‐1 infected human MOLT‐4 cells, and also phosphorylates HIV‐1 structural proteins, including recombinant reverse transcriptase (rRT). These phosphorylations are selectively inhibited by CK‐II inhibitors, such as quercetin, oGA (a glycyrrhetinic acid derivative) and NCS‐chrom (an enediyne containing antibiotic). The data presented here suggest that HIV‐1 Rev acts as an effective potent activator of CK‐II, which may be a cellular mediator promoting HIV‐1 replication in virus‐infected cells.