bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific force map for smart machining applications with rotating tools
Authors: Deshpande Sughosh , Coimbra Gonçalves Maria Clara , Araujo Anna Carla , Lagarrigue Pierre , Landon Yann
Published: June 2022

Industry 4.0 is the need of the hour in current global market scenario and all the processes are moving toward automation and smart manufacturing. In machining, smart techniques implementation depends on developing a database for decision-making, which is the case for stack drilling in aerospace industry. In this application, choosing one optimal condition for several materials is a challenge due to their different machinability. Hence, material identification techniques are suitable approaches for adapting the cutting parameters in real time, which improves tool life, hole quality, and productivity. In that regard, the goal of the present paper is to create a specific force data map for axial drilling and circular milling processes based on its experimental force and power measurements. To do that, experiments were separately carried out on Titanium and Aluminum workpieces in a range of cutting speed and feed conditions. The results show that specific cutting and feed forces for each material can be identified on distinct regions of the map, without thresholds overlapping. Given that, these maps can be used as a signature to distinguish two metallic materials in real time machining. In this case, the specific data points at the interface layers may offer advantage to accurately identify tool position unlike monitoring gradient of feed forces while drilling stacked materials. Therefore, smart machining techniques seeking cutting parameters optimization can be implemented for a particular material.
Workspace and performance analysis of a 6-DOF hexapod-type manipulator with a circular guide
Authors: Antonov Anton , Fomin Alexey , Glazunov Victor , Ceccarelli Marco
Published: June 2022

The present paper considers workspace and performance analysis of a six degree-of-freedom hexapod-type parallel manipulator with a circular guide. Compared to other similar manipulators, the design of this one allows locating all the drives fixed on the base and avoiding collisions between the carriages. The first half of the paper focuses on a procedure to determine the constant orientation (translation) workspace. The study first considers all the constraints that can affect the working area: constraints in active and passive joints, leg interference, and singularities. Next, the paper discusses the numerical procedure to construct the workspace. The proposed innovative approach combines the features of conventional geometrical and discretization methods. The suggested techniques are implemented in a MATLAB package and verified by examples with various orientations of the mechanism output link. The paper also discusses the accuracy of developed methods and mentions the required computational efforts. The second half of the work analyzes manipulator performance by calculating the conditioning index over the workspaces obtained earlier. The paper evaluates the conditioning index for an ordinary Jacobian matrix and a normalized one. In the latter case, two normalization approaches are considered: using a characteristic length and using linear velocities of three points selected on the mechanism output link.
Optimizing the micro-texture and cutting parameters of ball-end milling cutters to achieve milling stability
Authors: Tong Xin , Qu Qiang
Published: June 2022

The machining of titanium alloy can lead to serious tool wear, with this resulting in a lack of milling system stability and chatter. This paper looks at the relationship between milling stability and the use of micro-texturing on cutter surfaces, which aims to reduce tool wear. A stability lobe diagram is first drawn that is based on a dynamic model of the milling of titanium alloy by a ball-end milling cutter. This provides the cutting parameters for a stable domain. A micro-texture distribution model is then established for different cutting depths and the influence of micro-texture parameters on the milling performance of cutting tools according to various cutting parameters studied. The parameters are then optimized using an artificial bee colony algorithm, with the milling force, machined surface quality, and tool wear being adopted as the principal evaluation indicators. This provides a theoretical basis for the future selection of optimal cutting and micro-texture parameters.
Differences and similarities of proliferative and non-proliferative forms of biopsy-proven lupus nephritis: Single centre, cross-disciplinary experience
Authors: Duran Emine , Yıldırım Tolga , Taghiyeva Arzu , Bilgin Emre , Arıcı Mustafa , Sağlam Emine Arzu , Özen Seza , Üner Meral , Erdem Yunus , Kalyoncu Umut , Ertenli Ali Ihsan
Published: June 2022

Objective

We aimed to compare clinical features, outcomes, treatments, and to define the predictive factors of complete renal response (CRR) in patients with proliferative and non-proliferative lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) followed between 2014 and 2020 at Hacettepe University Hospitals and who had a kidney biopsy were the subject of the study. One hundered and sixteen patients’ kidney biopsies reported as LN were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical characteristics and laboratory values at the time of kidney biopsy, histopathological forms of LN, and renal response (complete or partial) were recorded. We analyzed the association between CRR rates during the 2-year follow-up after induction therapy and the predictive factors for CRR.

Results

Of 116 (93 females, 23 males) patients, 95 (81.9%) were in the proliferative group (class III and IV) and 21 (18.1%) were in the non-proliferative group (class II and V). In the proliferative group, the percentage of the patients with elevated basal creatinine levels, median daily proteinuria, anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) positivity, low C3 and C4 levels, the presence of active urinary sediment, and median renal SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores at the time of kidney biopsy were significantly higher than the non-proliferative group. Renal response status during the 2-year follow-up after induction therapy was available for 99 patients. During this time, 70 (70.7%) patients had achieved CRR and time-to-CRR was similar between the proliferative and non-proliferative groups (p = 0.64, log-rank test). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that achievement of CRR was associated with female gender [HR: 2.15 (1.19–3.89 95% CI), p = 0.011], newly diagnosed SLE with renal biopsy [HR: 2.15 (1.26–3.67 95% CI), p = 0.005], hypertension [HR: 0.40 (0.27–0.94 95% CI), p = 0.032], eGFR increase [HR: 1.01 (1.00–1.01 95% CI), p = 0.046], and the presence of active urinary sediment [HR: 0.46 (0.22–0.96 95% CI), p = 0.039].

Conclusions

Achieving CRR was similar in proliferative and non-proliferative LN patients, although certain laboratory parameters differed at the onset. Our results indicated the importance of kidney biopsy in the decision-making of treatment of SLE patients with renal involvement and that the defined factors associated with CRR achievement help to predict good renal response.
National Mental Health Performance Framework: Descriptive analysis of state and national data for 2019–2020
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Kisely Stephen R , Allison Stephen , Bastiampillai Tarun
Published: June 2022

Objective

To compare key performance indicators for public state and territory specialist mental health services in Australia.

Methods

A descriptive analysis of the publicly-available National Mental Health Performance Framework key performance indicators (KPI), hosted by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare for 2019–2020, at the national level and for states and territories.

Results

The real-world performance of public mental health services varied across the eight states and territories of Australia. Western Australia had the longest acute hospital stays and the lowest rates of involuntary admissions. Queensland (QLD) had the shortest acute hospital stays at the lowest cost. While the Australian Capital Territory had the highest rates of community treatment at the lowest cost, the Northern Territory had highest hospital and community costs with the most involuntary admissions. Victoria (VIC) had the lowest population percentage receiving specialised mental health services, the highest readmission rates after 28 days, and highest physical and mechanical restraint rates.

Conclusions

The KPIs indicate that some states and territories show deviations from national benchmarks that may be important for consumers, carers and clinicians. For further improvement in quality and efficiency, more detailed contextual information is required, including detailed mapping of services.
Review of diagnostic histologic features of cutaneous round cell neoplasms in dogs
Authors: Rissi Daniel R. , Oliveira Fabiano N.
Published: June 2022

Cutaneous round cell neoplasms (RCNs) are among the most common skin tumors of dogs. Although a diagnosis can be made in most cases following the examination of H&E-stained routine samples, less-differentiated neoplasms can exhibit overlapping morphologic features that may be challenging to the pathologist, and require immunohistochemistry or molecular testing to reach a final diagnosis. Many patients with cutaneous RCNs are initially seen by a general practitioner and are not referred to a veterinary teaching hospital until a diagnosis has been made. For this reason, anatomic pathology residents at some academic or other training institutions may not be exposed frequently to RCNs during the surgical biopsy service as part of their residency training. In an attempt to fill that gap, here we review the key routine histologic features of canine cutaneous RCNs.
Positively Deviant: New Evidence for the Beneficial Capital of Maverickism to Organizations
Authors: Jordan Ree , Fitzsimmons Terrance W. , Callan Victor J.
Published: June 2022

Workplace mavericks are seen as highly disruptive, engaging in unconventional behavior and showing apparent disregard for organizational norms, policies, and procedures. Despite this, some organizational leaders successfully leverage maverick behaviors to progress and achieve higher order organizational agendas. This paper challenges the former view by investigating the positive value maverickism provides organizations. Guided by the conceptualization of mavericks’ non-conformity as a form of positive deviance, two studies were conducted. Study 1 analyzed secondary data sources within the scientific research field to determine organizational performance requirements and expectations. Study 2 interviewed 28 mavericks and 27 leaders of mavericks in the same field. Data collection and analysis was guided by Bourdieu’s (1990) theoretical and methodological constructs—field, capital, and habitus. Results highlight that, while mavericks challenge and often ignore many organizational norms, their disruption is driven by the desire to achieve higher order goals benefitting their organizations and communities. Operating within boundaries set by these higher order values, mavericks not only embody traditional cultural capitals expected in their field but also offer valuable capitals traditionally possessed by those more senior in the field. This powerful combination of capitals produces additional symbolic capital which allows them to influence organizational decision-making despite not conforming to lower order organizational norms. At an applied level, valuable capitals associated with maverickism can be leveraged by leaders to support transformational change. To do this, organizational leaders need to recognize mavericks’ strengths through allowing them, as positive deviants, to challenge the status quo and to find alternative pathways to achieve organizational goals.
Attachment as a Mediator Linking Childhood Maltreatment to Attributions in Adult Intimate Relationships
Authors: Fitzgerald Michael
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Childhood abuse has been linked to greater attachment insecurity in adulthood which has implications for adult romantic relationships. Abuse and attachment may particularly influence attributions of their partner's behavior. The current study examine adult attachment anxiety and avoidance as mediators linking childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse to attributions in adults currently in a romantic relationship. Method: A sample of 191 adults were recruited (mean age = 29.16, 71% White) and completed an online survey. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the indirect effects linking childhood abuse to attributions using bias corrected bootstrapping. Results: Findings from bootstrapped structural equation modeling indicated that attachment anxiety, but not avoidance, linked child emotional and physical abuse to attributions. Sexual abuse was directly, positively associated with attributions, independent of attachment and physical and emotional abuse. Conclusions: Clinicians may want to target anxious attachment in reducing negative attributions with a focus on how distal experiences of childhood emotional abuse may be impacting attachment security. Emotion focused couple therapy is a recommended intervention.
Exploring the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Genograms in Family Therapy: A Literature Review
Authors: Joseph Bindu , Dickenson Sarah , McCall Allira , Roga Erin
Published: June 2022

The primary aim of the literature review is to explore the relevant literature on the use and effectiveness of genograms in family therapy. The literature is predominantly related to the use of genograms in various settings and adaptations. There are minimal studies on the effectiveness of genograms as a therapeutic tool in family therapy. Searches were conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and PsycINFO electronic databases. The international review includes all studies, irrespective of study methodology. This review will inform clinicians working in family therapy and other relevant disciplines on the usefulness of genograms as a therapeutic tool, examples of adaptations to the traditional genogram for specific populations and purposes, and, to a lesser extent, the therapeutic effectiveness of genograms in family therapy. The results and discussion will provide insights on the utilisation of genograms, the range of population, gaps in the existing literature and the need for further research.
Relationship Between Childhood Abuse and Body Mass Index in Young Adulthood: Mediated by Depression and Anxiety?
Authors: Elsenburg Leonie K. , Liefbroer Aart C. , van Eeden Annelies E. , Hoek Hans W. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , Smidt Nynke
Published: June 2022

We examined whether childhood abuse is related to body mass index (BMI) in young adults and whether this relationship is mediated by depression and anxiety. Data are from the Dutch longitudinal cohort study TRAILS (nfemales = 836, nmales = 719). At wave 4, childhood sexual, physical and verbal abuse, and lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were assessed. BMI was measured at wave 4 and 5 (mean age = 19.2/22.4 years). Sex-stratified structural equation models were estimated. Females who had experienced sexual abuse had a higher BMI at wave 4 (B = 0.97, 95%CI = [−0.01,1.96]) and a higher increase in BMI between wave 4 and 5 (B = 0.52, 95%CI = [0.04,1.01]) than females who had not experienced sexual abuse. Additionally, MDD and BMI at wave 4 were related in females (B = 1.35, 95%CI = [0.52,2.18]). MDD mediated the relationship between sexual abuse and BMI at wave 4 in females. In addition, sexual abuse moderated the relationship between MDD and BMI at wave 4. The relationship was stronger among females who had experienced sexual abuse than among females who had not. Prevention of BMI changes among females who experienced sexual abuse may thus be warranted, particularly when they developed MDD. MDD treatment, such as abuse-focused psychotherapy, may aid this prevention.
Examining Characteristics and Service Utilization of South Korean Home Health Care Patients: Secondary Analysis of 10-Year Data From a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Lee Hana , Kim Aeri , Heo Hyunsook , Lee Jisoo , Woo Kyungmi
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of home health care (HHC) patients, main diagnoses, service type, home visit patterns, and primary caregiver type from a major tertiary hospital in South Korea to provide basic data for tailored nursing care. We used Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data of 1776 patients, from 2011 to 2020, from a premier tertiary hospital in South Korea and conducted secondary data analysis using descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test, and an independent samples t-test. Patients’ mean age (i.e., 50.9% men and 49.1% women) was 74.50 ± 15.48 years. Further, admission to HHC via the outpatient and inpatient department comprised 1047 (59.0%) and 729 patients (41.0%), respectively. Based on the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases, neoplasms (49.9%) were identified as the most common main diagnosis, followed by diseases of the nervous system (10.3%) and musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disease (6.2%). An average of 2.2 homecare nursing services were provided per visit, with lab sampling (43.9%), other intravenous injections (31.0%), and ventilator care (23.0%) being the most frequent services. The total HHC service period for patients via the outpatient department was 76.88 days longer (292.24 vs 215.36 days) than those from the inpatient department. Younger patients were cared for by parents and siblings and older patients by spouses, offspring, and formal caregivers. It is pivotal to identify general characteristics of HHC patients through long-term monitoring and retrospective analysis to provide high-quality and tailored interventions to them.
Increasing the Reuse of Protein Non-Naïve Nonhuman Primates in Pharmaceutical Drug Discovery and Development: An Overview and Industry Position on the Challenges and Benefits
Authors: Mattis Charles , Bratcher Natalie , Burns Monika , Carosino Christopher , de Zafra Christina , Fancher R. Marcus , Georgi Katrin , Graff Candace , Hukkanen Renee R. , Johnson Colena , Lao Yanbin , Lange Amber , Lee Donna , Lepherd Michelle , Maguire Sean , Malisauskas Mantas , Manuel Melinda , Miranda Sonia , Reed Lori , Santos Rosemary , Sayers Brian , Shaw David , Shuster David
Published: June 2022

The IQ Consortium NHP Reuse Working Group (WG) comprises members from 15 pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. In 2020, the WG developed and distributed a detailed questionnaire on protein non-naïve NHP reuse to the WG member companies. The WG received responses from key stakeholders including principal investigators, facility managers, animal welfare officers and research scientists. This paper’s content reflects the consolidated opinion of the WG members and the questionnaire responses on the subject of NHP reuse within nonclinical programs at all stages of research and development. Many of the pharmaceutical companies represented in the working group or participating in the questionnaire have already achieved some level of NHP reuse in their nonclinical programs, but the survey results suggested that there is significant potential to increase NHP reuse further and a need to understand the considerations involved in reuse more clearly. The WG has also focused carefully on the inherent concerns and risks of implementing protein non-naive NHP reuse and has evaluated the best methods of risk assessment and decision-making. This paper presents a discussion on the challenges and opportunities surrounding protein non-naïve NHP reuse and aims to stimulate further industry dialogue on the subject and provide guidance for pharmaceutical companies to establish roadmaps and decision trees enabling increased protein non-naïve NHP reuse. In addition, this paper represents a solid basis for collaborative engagement between pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies with contract research organizations (CROs) to discuss how the availability of protein non-naïve NHP within CROs can be better leveraged for their use within nonclinical studies.
Intraocular lens constant optimization in toric intraocular lens calculation using keratometry and total corneal power
Authors: Liang Jianheng , Liu Hui , Zhou Suowang , Zhou Lijing , Qian Zhuyun , Jiang Lihong , Chen Xu
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To evaluate intraocular lens (IOL) constant optimization in toric IOL calculation with keratometry (K) and total corneal refractive power (TCRP).

Methods

Predicted spherical equivalent (SE) and residual astigmatism (RA) with K and TCRP were retrospectively calculated using the Haigis, Holladay 1, and SRK/T formulae and optimized IOL constants. The results of the Barrett calculator and the Abulafia–Koch formula with K were also calculated. The median absolute error in SE (MedAE-SE), mean absolute error in RA (MAE-RA), and centroid error (CE) were analyzed.

Results

Seventy-nine eyes of 71 patients implanted with toric IOLs were included. With K, there were no significant differences between the results before and after constant optimization using all the formulae. With TCRP, constant optimization significantly reduced MedAE-SE; however, significantly increased MAE-RA and CE using the Holladay 1 and SRK/T formulae. MedAE-SE, MAE-RA, and CE using the Haigis formula did not show significant differences. The difference in the predicted RA before and after constant optimization increased with IOL toricity. The MedAE-SE predicted by TCRP was significantly higher than that predicted by K despite constant optimization. The MAE-RA and CE predicted by TCRP were significantly lower than those predicted by K without posterior corneal astigmatism optimization; however, were not significantly different from those predicted by the Barrett and Abulafia-Koch formulae.

Conclusions

Constant optimization is recommended when using the TCRP in toric IOL calculations, particularly for patients with large astigmatism. However, TCRP did not yield more accurate results than optimized K in toric IOL calculations despite constant optimization.
Clinical efficacy of Fluorometholone versus Loteprednol eye drops after photorefractive keratectomy: A triple-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Razmjoo Hasan , Mikaniki Mohammad , Peyman Alireza , Mikaniki Ebrahim , Abounoori Mahdi , Pourazizi Mohsen
Published: June 2022

Purpose

This study aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory efficacy and safety of 0.1% Fluorometholone (FML) versus (vs.) 0.5% Loteprednol etabonate (LE) following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods

A triple-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on both eyes of 100 patients with stable refraction who were candidates for PRK. Both eyes in each subject were randomly allocated to the FML or LE groups. The product to be tested was 0.1% FML eye drops packaged in droppers vs. the 0.5% LE sterile ophthalmic suspension (Lotemax®) packaged in identical droppers. The main clinical outcomes were changes in best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) and corneal optical density. The second clinical outcomes were a change in intraocular pressure (IOP) after the intervention.

Results

There was no significant difference regarding mean corneal optical density changes between the two groups, one ( P = 0.55) and three months ( P = 0.98) after the intervention. The mean ± SD BCDVA after one month of the intervention was 0.79 ± 0.11 and 0.84 ± 0.11 in LE and FML groups, retrospectively ( P = 0.02). There was no significant difference regarding mean BCDVA between the two groups three months after intervention ( P = 0.21). The IOP showed no significant difference between the two groups after one ( P = 0.18) and three months ( P = 0.53) of the intervention.

Conclusions

The results of this clinical trial demonstrate that LE and FML treatment was effective with no clinically meaningful effect on IOP following a short course of treatment.
Effectiveness of telehealth interventions among traumatic brain injury survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Suarilah Ira , Zulkarnain Hakim , Saragih Ita Daryanti , Lee Bih-O
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Brain damage is associated with physical and psychological difficulties among TBI survivors. Diverse face-to-face and telehealth programs exist to help survivors cope with these burdens. However, the effectiveness of telehealth interventions among TBI survivors remains inconclusive.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials were conducted. Relevant full-text articles were retrieved from seven databases, from database inception to January 2022, including Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Bias was assessed with the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effect size of telehealth interventions for TBI survivors. STATA 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results

In total, 17 studies ( N = 3158) applying telehealth interventions among TBI survivors were included in the analysis. Telehealth interventions decreased neurobehavioural symptom (standardized mean difference: −0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.36 to 0.10), reduce depression (standardized mean difference: −0.32; 95% CI: −0.79 to 0.14), and increase symptom management self-efficacy (standardized mean difference: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.02–0.42).

Discussion

Telehealth interventions are promising avenues for healthcare delivery due to advances in technology and information. Telehealth programs may represent windows of opportunity, combining traditional treatment with rehabilitation to increase symptom management self-efficacy among TBI patients during recovery. Future telehealth programs can focus on developing the contents of telehealth modules based on evidence from this study.
Effects of Business-Group Affiliation Overseas Investment and Technology on Firm-level Export Intensity: Evidence from Indian Automotive Component Industry
Authors: Prakash J. Vineesh , Nauriyal D. K.
Published: June 2022

Based upon a sample of 78 firms operating in Indian automotive component industry for the period 2000–2018, this research empirically examines the role of business-group affiliation, overseas investment and technology in determining exports. It applies panel Tobit and Probit model estimated with the maximum likelihood estimator. This research finds that technology imports, firm’s age, overseas investment and affiliation to a business group significantly affect industry’s export performance. However, some variables, such as past R&D intensity, firm’s size and companies with overseas investment and being part of a group have been found to have had a detrimental effect. All these results show that being outward-oriented in terms of overseas investment and being affiliated with a business group makes a significant difference concerning export success.
Readiness, acceptance and use of digital patient reported outcome in an outpatient clinic
Authors: Nielsen Amalie Søgaard , Hanna Lisa , Larsen Birgit Furstrand , Appel Charlotte W , Osborne Richard H , Kayser Lars
Published: June 2022

Use of digital patient-reported outcomes is being introduced in care of chronic conditions, including Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The aim is to supplement face-to-face follow-up sessions through symptom screening, and to inform follow-up through questions about mental health and quality of life. However, little is known about who is using this as intended. This study aimed to map differences between users and non-users among people with IBD and explore the mechanisms behind. We administered a questionnaire including the Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology (ReadHy) and the Service User Technology Acceptability Questionnaire (SUTAQ) to all people with IBD registered at Silkeborg Regional Hospital. Comparison between users and non-users and cluster analysis was conducted. Effect size (Cohen’s d) was used to estimate magnitude of difference between groups. The user and non-user groups differed most strongly by level of emotional distress ( d = 0.45). Cluster analysis of the ReadHy scales showed profiles have different sets of difficulties and reservations towards digital solutions. These difficulties correlated moderately with SUTAQ dissatisfaction and low acceptability. The dimensions of ReadHy may help to better understand particular needs of people with IBD when accessing digital PROs, which may lead to higher acceptability and improved quality of care.
Voluntary assisted death in present-day Japan: A case for dignity
Authors: Asai Atsushi , Fukuyama Miki
Published: June 2022

No laws or official guidelines govern medical assistance for dying in Japan. However, over the past several years, cases of assisted suicide or voluntary euthanasia, rarely disclosed until recently, have occurred in close succession. Inspired by these events, ethical, legal, and social debates on a patient’s right to die have arisen in Japan, as it has in many other countries. Several surveys of Japanese people’s attitudes towards voluntary assisted dying suggest that a certain number of Japanese prefer active euthanasia. Against this background, it is important to discuss voluntary assisted dying cases in Japan and the Japanese views on them and to consider their implications. We review three recent Japanese voluntary assisted dying cases and discuss the various objections to voluntary assisted dying that have been published in response to these in various media outlets. Our counterarguments include the double suffering of people who are unable to give up their desire to die, individuality of death, variability of culture, problem of being an annoyance to (burden on) others, a slippery slope argument supporting voluntary assisted dying, and unfair claims about responsibility and excessive burden on people who are unable to give up their desire to die. We also point out the psychocultural and social problems in Japanese society that these objections reflect, and argue that voluntary assisted dying can be ethically acceptable under certain conditions. We conclude that Japanese society must change in order to enable those who sincerely wish to die to do so in a better way.
Computational regionalism: De-familiarization of tectonics in the wire-bending craft
Authors: Noel Vernelle AA
Published: June 2022

Computer-based design and fabrication systems in architecture contain modes of operation and preferences that often constrain tectonic possibilities in design and construction. These predispositions neglect architecture’s cultural and material dimensions, resulting in universalizing tectonics that erase nuances of place, culture, and expression in design. How may we celebrate local tectonic languages while also revisiting them through computer-based systems in architecture? The project examined here highlights novel possibilities for cultural expression and craftsmanship through computational design methods, retaining the expressive potential of a local craft while de-familiarizing its cultural context. I analyze how shape grammars and digital fabrication methods deployed in design, de-familiarizes the craft of wire-bending in costuming in the Trinidad Carnival. I present and apply new rules for the craft’s computational description based on material tests and an architectural application to expand discourses on critical regionalism. I adopt Tabbarah’s term “computational regionalism” to describe this process and elaborate it as a five-step sequence. Computational regionalism employs computational methods to translate local craft knowledge and tectonic languages into new interpretations and poetics of construction. Its process of creative de-familiarization raises critical questions about the local and the universal.
Glucose variability is associated with an adverse vascular profile but only in the presence of insulin resistance in individuals with type 1 diabetes: An observational study
Authors: Kietsiriroje Noppadol , Pearson Sam M , O’Mahoney Lauren L , West Daniel J , Ariëns Robert AS , Ajjan Ramzi A , Campbell Matthew D
Published: June 2022

Aims/Hypothesis

We hypothesised that the detrimental effect of high glucose variability (GV) in people with type 1 diabetes is mainly evident in those with concomitant insulin resistance.

Methods

We conducted secondary analyses on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using baseline observational data from three randomised controlled trials and assessed the relationship with established vascular markers. We used standard CGM summary statistics and principal component analysis to generate individual glucose variability signatures for each participant. Cluster analysis was then employed to establish three GV clusters (low, intermediate, or high GV, respectively). The relationship with thrombotic biomarkers was then investigated according to insulin resistance, assessed as estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR).

Results

Of 107 patients, 45%, 37%, and 18% of patients were assigned into low, intermediate, and high GV clusters, respectively. Thrombosis biomarkers (including fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue factor activity, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha) increased in a stepwise fashion across all three GV clusters; this increase in thrombosis markers was evident in the presence of low but not high eGDR and at a threshold of eGDR <5.1 mg/kg/min.

Conclusion

Higher GV is associated with increased thrombotic biomarkers in type 1 diabetes but only in those with concomitant insulin resistance.
Interstitial 125I Brachytherapy as a Salvage Treatment for Refractory Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After External Irradiation With a CT-Guided Coplanar Template-Assisted Technique: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Peishun , Fan Jing , Zhang Kaixian , Wang Junjie , Hu Miaomiao , Yang Sen , Xing Chao , Yuan Qianqian
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To analyze the outcome and prognosis of patients with refractory cervical lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after external irradiation, who underwent interstitial 125I brachytherapy as a salvage treatment with a CT-guided coplanar template-assisted technique. We also want to compare the dosimetry of 3D printed coplanar template-assisted interstitial 125I brachytherapy preoperative and postoperative, and to explore the accuracy of this technology. Material and methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed the results of 32 patients with refractory cervical lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after external irradiation, who underwent interstitial 125I brachytherapy as a salvage treatment with a CT-guided coplanar template-assisted technique from January 2012 to December 2017. Results: The actual D90 were 114 to 240 Gy, and the median postoperative dosimetry assessment was 177.5 Gy. The local control rates at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were 87.5%, 59.38%, 40.63%, and 31.25%, respectively. The median local control time was 7.5 months. The median overall survival time was 10.5 months (95% CI, 8.9-13.4), and the survival rates of 1- and 2-year, respectively, were 43.75% and 9.38%. There were 36 lesions in 32 patients. By performing a paired t-test analysis, there was no significant difference in D90, D100, V100, V150, V200, GTV volume, CI, EI, and HI between preoperative and postoperative ( P > .05). Conclusions: Interstitial 125I brachytherapy can be used as a salvage treatment for patients with refractory cervical lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after external irradiation. With the auxiliary function of 3D printed coplanar template, the main dosimetry parameters verified after the operation can meet the requirements of the preoperative plan with good treatment accuracy.
A History of Modern Band and Little Kids Rock from 2002–2014
Authors: Powell Bryan
Published: June 2022

The presence of popular music education in schools has expanded significantly in the past two decades within the United States in part due to the expansion of modern band programming. Initially developed and propagated by the non-profit organization Little Kids Rock (LKR), modern band is a term used to describe school-based ensembles that use popular music instruments (e.g.- guitar, electric bass, drums, keyboards, ukulele) and incorporate technology to play popular music styles and promote student songwriting. While the presence of modern band programs in schools is a relatively new phenomenon, research on modern band programs, teachers, and students has recently begun to emerge. This paper explores the history of Little Kids Rock and the establishment of modern band in United States public schools. Following the description of the history of LKR, the curriculum and pedagogy of LKR are examined before looking at the impact LKR has had in terms of the number of teachers trained, student served, and instruments donated. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of implications for music education.
Feasibility of the Complete Endovascular Reconstruction of the Trifurcation (CERT) Technique for Revascularisation in Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Ritter Jens Carsten , Vo Uyen Giao , Moss Jana-Lee
Published: June 2022

Background

Revascularisation of patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia due to arterial lesions in the below the knee segment can be challenging. This study describes a novel technique that allows a complete endovascular reconstruction of the trifurcation (CERT) utilising stents in the below the knee segment when conventional techniques are exhausted, or have failed to deliver an acceptable result, leading to remaining outflow compromise. Methods: Eight patients with Rutherford 5 chronic limb threatening ischaemia underwent CERT between January 1st, 2018 and January 1st, 2020. All patients underwent ultrasound at 6 weeks post operatively and then at variable intervals until the completion of the follow up period in March 2020. Results: Technical success of the CERT technique was achieved in all patients. Six patients had anterior tibial artery/Tibioperoneal trunk reconstructions, whilst 2 patients were stented directly into posterior tibial and peroneal artery. Five patients (63%) achieved wound healing. All-cause mortality was 25% (2 patients) with 1 patient achieving wound healing prior to death. Two stents were occluded during the follow up period. The first was asymptomatic and had achieved wound healing. The second was symptomatic with stent occlusion and a delayed presentation with Rutherford 3 acute limb ischaemia. Conclusions: Complete endovascular reconstruction of the trifurcation is a feasible option to achieve revascularisation in patients with tissue loss and below the knee arterial lesions allowing a continuous reconstruction of the trifurcation segment keeping the anatomical configuration intact. Clinical outcomes appear acceptable however larger series are needed.
Using Arts-Based Inquiry and Affective Learning to Teach Indigenous Studies in a First-Year Preservice Teacher Education Course
Authors: Monk Sue , Riley Tasha , Van Issum Harry
Published: June 2022

In this article, we discuss the role of affective learning and arts-based inquiry as a catalyst for providing transformative learning experiences in teaching social justice issues related to Indigenous cultures and histories. The research was conducted with first-year pre-service teachers studying an Indigenous Knowledges course as part of their Bachelor of Education degree at an Australian university. Student responses to the course demonstrated that this approach supported deep engagement with course concepts, commitment to collaborative learning, and an appreciation for creative use of arts and the role of affect and in transformative learning.
How Much Reliability Is Enough? A Context-Specific View on Human Interaction With (Artificial) Agents From Different Perspectives
Authors: Appelganc Ksenia , Rieger Tobias , Roesler Eileen , Manzey Dietrich
Published: June 2022

Tasks classically performed by human–human teams in today’s workplaces are increasingly given to human–technology teams instead. The role of technology is not only played by classic decision support systems (DSSs) but more and more by artificial intelligence (AI). Reliability is a key factor influencing trust in technology. Therefore, we investigated the reliability participants require in order to perceive the support agents (human, AI, and DSS) as “highly reliable.” We then examined how trust differed between these highly reliable agents. Whilst there is a range of research identifying trust as an important determinant in human–DSS interaction, the question is whether these findings are also applicable to the interaction between humans and AI. To study these issues, we conducted an experiment ( N = 300) with two different tasks, usually performed by dyadic teams (loan assignment and x-ray screening), from two different perspectives (i.e., working together or being evaluated by the agent). In contrast to our hypotheses, the required reliability if working together was equal regardless of the agent. Nevertheless, participants trusted the human more than an AI or DSS. They also required that AI be more reliable than a human when used to evaluate themselves, thus illustrating the importance of changing perspective.
The Prevalence of Depression and PTSD in Adults With Surgically Managed Traumatic Upper-Extremity Amputations
Authors: Cohen-Tanugi Samuel , Reid Risa , Loeffler Bryan J. , Gaston R. Glenn
Published: June 2022

Background:

Upper-extremity limb loss has been associated with serious psychological sequelae. Despite advancements in surgical procedures and prostheses for upper limb amputees, it is critical to recognize the psychosocial component of these patients’ care. Although the role of psychological factors in outcomes is increasingly acknowledged, little is known about the prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the civilian population after traumatic upper-extremity amputation.

Methods:

In this retrospective observational single-center study, adult patients evaluated for traumatic upper limb amputations from 2016 to 2019 completed the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Primary Care PTSD Screen during visits. All data underwent descriptive statistical analysis.

Results:

Thirty-nine adult patients treated for upper-extremity traumatic amputation completed patient-reported outcomes (PROs) questionnaires. The median final follow-up time for our cohort was 17 months from amputation. Twenty patients (51%) screened positive for depression and 27 (69%) for PTSD during follow-up. The median time from amputation to first positive screening was 6.5 months for depression and 10 months for PTSD. The physical component score of Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) was significantly worse for patients with depression. The Median DASH and mental component score of VR-12 were significantly worse for patients with PTSD.

Conclusion:

Upper-extremity limb loss has a significant impact on mental health, which in turn affects PROs. The high prevalence of depression and PTSD in traumatic upper-extremity amputees underscores the necessity for screening and multidisciplinary treatment.
Incorporating Mental Health Into Lifestyle Medicine
Authors: Abascal Liana , Vela Alyssa , Sugden Steve , Kohlenberg Samuel , Hirschberg April , Young Allison , Lane Karen , Merlo Gia
Published: June 2022

The evidence-based interconnection between mental health with lifestyle medicine practice is discussed. The extent to which physical health, and mental and behavioral health overlap are significant, and their interaction is seen in many ways. These bidirectional influences form a continuous thread through all lifestyle medicine pillars. The intersection of mental health and lifestyle should be considered and applied to provide optimal evidence-based lifestyle medicine for all patient populations who will benefit from the specific attention to diet, physical activity, relationships, stress, sleep, and substance use. Lifestyle medicine can be utilized to directly address and treat a range of mental health symptoms and disorders, and physical illnesses. In addition, behavior change skills and addressing the psychological factors contributing to barriers are crucial to helping patients reach their lifestyle medicine goals. Approaches to practice that attend to, and address, mental and behavioral health are relevant to and necessary for all types of providers who work within the lifestyle medicine framework.
Pulsatile tinnitus due to stenosis of the supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery: Management with a low-profile self-expanding stent
Authors: Capirossi Carolina , Laiso Antonio , Capasso Francesco , Nappini Sergio , Renieri Leonardo , Limbucci Nicola
Published: June 2022

Atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid artery is a rare cause of pulsatile tinnitus. Stenosis responsible for tinnitus is usually located in the petrous segment of the vessel or, even more uncommonly, in the extracranial segment. However, to the best of our knowledge, a stenosis of the intradural supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid had never been reported as a source of pulsatile tinnitus. We describe the case of a man with a history of previous ischaemic stroke and invalidating pulsatile tinnitus, caused by a high grade, diaphragm-like shaped, stenosis of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery. The stenosis was treated with angioplasty and stenting with a low-profile self-expanding high radial force stent (Acclino flex HRF, Acandis). Tinnitus disappeared immediately after the procedure. At the two-year follow-up no recurrence of the tinnitus and the stenosis occurred. Intradural internal carotid artery stenosis should be considered as a very rare cause of pulsatile tinnitus.
The impact of the platformization of Arab news websites on quality journalism
Authors: Zaid Bouziane , Ibahrine Mohammed , Fedtke Jana
Published: June 2022

As elsewhere in the world, Arab news websites depend on revenue streams built on the commercialization of social media platforms. Reliance on these platforms has created a major structural shift in news production, distribution and monetization, which has triggered serious concerns about fake news, misinformation and quality journalism. This paper investigates the extent to which four online-only news websites abide by quality journalism in the context of increasing platformization of digital news production. We use qualitative document analysis to systematically analyse the contents of a representative sample from four news websites from Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia.
Patient safety and quality care for children with intellectual disability: An action research study
Authors: Ong Natalie , Gee Brendan Loo , Long Janet C , Zieba Jerzy , Tomsic Gail , Garg Pankaj , Lapointe Caleb , Silove Natalie , Eapen Valsamma
Published: June 2022

Children with intellectual disability experience significant challenges in accessing and receiving high-quality healthcare leading to poorer health outcomes and negative patient experiences. Families of these children often report a need for healthcare staff to better understand, communicate, and collaborate for better care while staff acknowledge a lack of training. To address this, we utilised an action research framework with a pre- and post- survey to evaluate an integrated continuing professional development and quality improvement program combining strategies from education, behavioural psychology and quality improvement that was delivered in two departments within a tertiary children’s Hospital in Metropolitan Sydney in 2019-2020. Parents reported noticeable changes in the clinical practice of staff, and staff acknowledged and attributed their shift in behaviour to raising awareness and discussions around necessary adaptations. The program demonstrates a novel method for knowledge translation to practice and systems improvements.