bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture risk in the Asian population based on geometric attributes
Authors: Canchi Tejas , Ng Eddie YK , Narayanan Sriram , Finol Ender A
Published: August 2018

This study aims to review retrospectively the records of Asian patients diagnosed with abdominal aortic aneurysm to investigate the potential correlations between clinical and morphological parameters within the context of whether the aneurysms were ruptured or unruptured. A machine-learning-based approach is proposed to predict the rupture status of Asian abdominal aortic aneurysm by comparing four different classifiers trained with clinical and geometrical parameters obtained from computed tomography images. The classifiers were applied on 312 patient data sets obtained from a regulatory-approved database. The data sets included 17 attributes under three classes: unruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, and normal aorta without aneurysm. Four different classification models, namely, Decision trees, Naïve Bayes, logistic regression, and support vector machines were applied to the patient data set. The models were evaluated by 10-fold cross-validation and the classifier performances were assessed with classification accuracy, area under the curve of receiver operator characteristic, and F-measures. Data analysis and evaluation were performed using the Weka machine learning application. The results indicated that Naïve Bayes achieved the best performance among the classifiers with a classification accuracy of 95.2%, an area under the curve of 0.974, and an F-measure of 0.952. The clinical implications of this work can be addressed in two ways. The best classifier can be applied to prospectively acquired data to predict the likelihood of aneurysm rupture. Next, it would be necessary to estimate the attributes implicated in rupture risk beyond just maximum aneurysm diameter.
Columbus’ environmental impact in the New World: Land use change in the Yaque River valley, Dominican Republic
Authors: Hooghiemstra Henry , Olijhoek Thomas , Hoogland Menno , Prins Maarten , van Geel Bas , Donders Timme , Gosling William , Hofman Corinne
Published: August 2018

Columbus’ arrival in the New World in AD 1492 on the northern coast of Hispaniola was followed by a suite of changes in land-use. We reconstruct environmental change from a 225-cm-long sediment core from site Los Indios from an abandoned and sediment-filled meander of the Yaque River, Cibao Valley, northeastern Dominican Republic. The sediment record starts ca. AD 195 (ca. 1755 cal. yr BP) and the history of the meander infill was monitored by changing grain size distributions, organic matter concentration and pollen from wetland plants. From ca. AD 200 to ca. AD 1525, the pollen record indicates a diverse forest assemblage; however, the presence of pollen from potential crop plants suggest nearby small-scale subsistence crop cultivation. More abundant charcoal after ca. AD 1410 shows Amerindians increasingly used fire. The record of grain size distributions shows that the meander was temporarily part of a low energetic drainage system in which bedload and suspended sediments accumulated. After European colonization of Hispaniola increasing spores of coprophilous fungi evidence that Europeans had introduced during the first decades of colonization cattle in the Cibao Valley which gradually resulted in more open forest. The charcoal record around ca. AD 1650 reflects intensive forest clearing, suggesting that small-scale Pre-Colonial practice of crop cultivation became replaced by large-scale agriculture on the moist and nutrient rich soils along the Yaque River. Further deforestation and signals of erosion suggest that the population of colonists and introduced enslaved labour force must have increased rapidly. After ca. AD 1740 charcoal influx decreased suggesting that last deforestation activities used selective cutting to produce fire wood and timber for construction, rather than burning forest in situ. Two centuries after European colonization, by the 18th century, land-use within the Cibao Valley had become a balance between substantial livestock and crop cultivation (pollen grains have evidenced cereals, maize, and potentially also sugar cane, amaranthaceous crops and tobacco). After ca. AD 1950, swamp vegetation of Typha and Cyperaceae decreased, pointing to an almost fully terrestrialized meander with only few bodies of standing water, reflecting the present-day setting. This multiproxy reconstruction of anthropogenic environmental change shows a clear differentiation between an immediate introduction of livestock and after some 150 years the development of a European style agriculture, providing a context for archaeological investigations.
Using Case Work as a Pretest to Measure Crisis Leadership Preparedness
Authors: Caulfield Jay L.
Published: August 2018

Today’s leaders must thrive in a world of turbulence and constant change. Unstable conditions frequently generate crises, emphasizing the need for crisis leadership preparedness, which is missing from many business curricula. Thus, the purpose of this work was to develop a learning module in crisis leadership preparedness. As a baseline measure or pretest, 217 graduate students were asked to analyze two crisis leadership cases during the first week of an entry leadership class. Content analysis provided the method to identify where student analyses fell short. These gaps in learning then informed the creation of student learning objectives. Applying inquiry-based learning, I then suggest instructional methods that I incorporated into an active learning module to better prepare today’s leaders for crisis leadership.
The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–Parent Report: A Psychometric Investigation Examining Adolescents With and Without ADHD
Authors: Bunford Nóra , Dawson Anne E. , Evans Steven W. , Ray A. Raisa , Langberg Joshua M. , Owens Julie Sarno , DuPaul George J. , Allan Darcey M.
Published: August 2018

Emotion dysregulation is associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and confers risk for behavior problems and functional impairment; however, there is little guidance on best practices for measurement in adolescents. We developed a parent-report version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-P). Evidence of reliability and validity was evaluated in a large community online sample (Study 1: n = 978; Mage = 13.52 years; SD = 1.93) and in two samples of adolescents with ADHD (Study 2, Sample 1: n = 78; Mage = 12.12 years, SD = 0.91; Sample 2: n = 206; Mage = 15.35 years; SD = 0.85). A four-factor solution of the DERS-P was obtained in Study 1 and confirmed in Study 2, with factors demonstrating acceptable internal consistency. The community sample was generally rated as less dysregulated than the ADHD samples. Support was obtained for convergent, concurrent, and incremental validity evidence. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the DERS-P as a psychometrically sound parent-report measure of emotion dysregulation in 11- to 17-year-old adolescents.
Visualizing YouTube’s comment space: online hostility as a networked phenomena
Authors: Murthy Dhiraj , Sharma Sanjay
Published: August 2018

This study examines YouTube’s comment space. By focusing on responses to the provocative musical group, Das Racist, we offer an innovative analysis of online racialized expression as a networked phenomenon. A blend of social network analysis, qualitative coding, and thick data descriptive methods are used to interpret comments posted on the five most viewed Das Racist videos. Given the dearth of literature exploring YouTube’s comment space, this study serves as a critical means to further understand race and the production and consumption of YouTube comments in everyday online encounters. We visualized networked antagonisms, which were found to be significantly racialized, and entangled with other expressions of hostility. YouTube comments are often perceived as individual, random insults or only generalized expressions of “hate.” Our study probes deeper and discovers that racialized expressions also involved networked interactions, where hostile ideas, passed through multiple parts of the comment network, both intra-/inter-video.
Cost-effectiveness of allergic rhinitis treatment: An exploratory study
Authors: Titulaer Jan , Arefian Habibollah , Hartmann Michael , Younis Mustafa Z , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: August 2018

Allergic rhinitis is serious public health problems and one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of clinically relevant treatment options for allergic rhinitis using evidence-based literature. In addition, we aimed to develop recommendations for allergic rhinitis treatment based on health economic facts. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed from 2009 to 2014 to identify all therapeutic options described in the current literature and selected randomized controlled trials that used a symptom score, had at least one placebo control group and used adult patients. We analyzed the side effects and the number of cases in which treatment was discontinued for each treatment option. Local antihistamines were the most cost-effective local therapy and are recommended due to the low number of complications. Regarding systemic therapies, although the use of oral steroids is indeed significantly cost-effective, this treatment was found to be associated with strong side effects. Sublingual immunotherapy was identified as the most cost-effective immunotherapy and exhibits a good side-effect profile. Overall, local therapy with antihistamines was found to be the most cost-effective option of all therapies. This study showed that there are only minor differences between sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy. Based on our results, we recommend the use of an international, uniform nasal symptom score to facilitate the comparison of clinical trials on allergic rhinitis in the future.
Ensheathing cells utilize dynamic tiling of neuronal somas in development and injury as early as neuronal differentiation
Authors: Nichols Ev L. , Green Lauren A. , Smith Cody J.
Published: August 2018

Background

Glial cell ensheathment of specific components of neuronal circuits is essential for nervous system function. Although ensheathment of axonal segments of differentiated neurons has been investigated, ensheathment of neuronal cell somas, especially during early development when neurons are extending processes and progenitor populations are expanding, is still largely unknown.

Methods

To address this, we used time-lapse imaging in zebrafish during the initial formation of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG).

Results

Our results show that DRG neurons are ensheathed throughout their entire lifespan by a progenitor population. These ensheathing cells dynamically remodel during development to ensure axons can extend away from the neuronal cell soma into the CNS and out to the skin. As a population, ensheathing cells tile each DRG neuron to ensure neurons are tightly encased. In development and in experimental cell ablation paradigms, the oval shape of DRG neurons dynamically changes during partial unensheathment. During longer extended unensheathment neuronal soma shifting is observed. We further show the intimate relationship of these ensheathing cells with the neurons leads to immediate and choreographed responses to distal axonal damage to the neuron.

Conclusion

We propose that the ensheathing cells dynamically contribute to the shape and position of neurons in the DRG by their remodeling activity during development and are primed to dynamically respond to injury of the neuron.
Documenting Goals of Care Among Patients With Advanced Cancer: Results of a Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Karim Safiya , Harle Ingrid , O’Donnell Jennifer , Li Shirley , Booth Christopher M.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

Guidelines recommend that oncologists discuss goals of care (GOC) with patients who have advanced cancer and that these patients be referred for early palliative care (PC). An audit of practice between 2010 and 2015 at the Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario suggested that these rates were suboptimal. We sought to improve the rate of documentation of GOC and referral to PC through the implementation of a quality improvement (QI) initiative.

Methods:

Patients receiving palliative systemic treatment of lung, pancreatic, colorectal, and breast cancer were identified via electronic pharmacy records and the electronic patient care system. Using the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control QI methodology, we drafted a guideline for GOC documentation and PC referral and designed a standardized documentation system. E-mail reminders were sent to physicians and a QI scorecard was displayed to document overall and individual physician rates of GOC documentation. Data were analyzed monthly and presented on statistical process control P charts.

Results:

Between May 2016 and November 2017, a total of 303 unique patients were identified (52%, 21%, 17%, and 10% with lung, breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer, respectively). GOC documentation increased significantly over the study period (baseline, 0%; passive phase, 3%; active phase, 31%); this increase was likely because of our intervention. PC referral rates also increased over the study period (baseline, 36%; passive phase, 35%; active phase 48%). We did not identify any patient, physician, or disease factors that were associated with GOC discussion or referral to PC.

Conclusion:

Our QI initiative was successful in improving rates of GOC documentation in patients with advanced cancer.
Evolving Intersection Between Inherited Cancer Genetics and Therapeutic Clinical Trials in Prostate Cancer: A White Paper From the Germline Genetics Working Group of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium
Authors: Carlo Maria I. , Giri Veda N. , Paller Channing J. , Abida Wassim , Alumkal Joshi J. , Beer Tomasz M. , Beltran Himisha , George Daniel J. , Heath Elisabeth I. , Higano Celestia S. , McKay Rana R. , Morgans Alicia K. , Patnaik Akash , Ryan Charles J. , Schaeffer Edward M. , Stadler Walter M. , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Kauff Noah D. , Vinson Jacob , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Cheng Heather H.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Advances in germline genetics, and related therapeutic opportunities, present new opportunities and challenges in prostate cancer. The Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium Germline Genetics Working Group was established to address genetic testing for men with prostate cancer, especially those with advanced disease undergoing testing for treatment-related objectives and clinical trials.

Methods

The Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium Germline Genetics Working Group met monthly to discuss the current state of genetic testing of men with prostate cancer for therapeutic or clinical trial purposes. We assessed current institutional practices, developed a framework to address unique challenges in this population, and identified areas of future research.

Results

Genetic testing practices in men with prostate cancer vary across institutions; however, there were several areas of agreement. The group recognized the clinical benefits of expanding germline genetic testing, beyond cancer risk assessment, for the goal of treatment selection or clinical trial eligibility determination. Genetic testing for treatment selection should ensure patients receive appropriate pretest education and consent and occur under auspices of a research study whenever feasible. Providers offering genetic testing should be able to interpret results and recommend post-test genetic counseling for patients. When performing tumor (somatic) genomic profiling, providers should discuss the potential for uncovering germline mutations and recommend appropriate genetic counseling. In addition, family members may benefit from cascade testing and early cancer screening and prevention strategies.

Conclusion

As germline genetic testing is incorporated into practice, further development is needed in establishing prompt testing for time-sensitive treatment decisions, integrating cascade testing for family, ensuring equitable access to testing, and elucidating the role of less-characterized germline DNA damage repair genes, individual gene-level biologic consequences, and treatment response prediction in advanced disease.
Frailty Phenotypes and Relations With Surgical Outcomes: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Sadiq Furqaan , Kronzer Vanessa L. , Wildes Troy S. , McKinnon Sherry L. , Sharma Anshuman , Helsten Daniel L. , Scheier Lawrence M. , Avidan Michael S. , Ben Abdallah Arbi
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:

Frailty is an important concept in the care of older adults although controversy remains regarding its defining features and clinical utility. Both the Fried phenotype and the Rockwood deficit accumulation approaches cast frailty as a “burden” without exploring the relative salience of its cardinal markers and their relevance to the patient. New multifactorial perspectives require a reliable assessment of frailty that can validly predict postoperative health outcomes.

METHODS:

In a retrospective study of 2828 unselected surgical patients, we used item response theory to examine the ability of 32 heterogeneous markers capturing limitations in physical, functional, emotional, and social activity domains to indicate severity of frailty as a latent continuum. Eighteen markers efficiently indicated frailty severity and were then subject to latent class analysis to derive discrete phenotypes. Next, we validated the obtained frailty phenotypes against patient-reported 30-day postoperative outcomes using multivariable logistic regression. Models were adjusted for demographics, comorbidity, type and duration of surgery, and cigarette and alcohol consumption.

RESULTS:

The 18 markers provided psychometric evidence of a single reliable continuum of frailty severity. Latent class analyses produced 3 distinct subtypes, based on patients’ endorsement probabilities of the frailty indicators: not frail (49.7%), moderately frail (33.5%), and severely frail (16.7%). Unlike the moderate class, severely frail endorsed emotional health problems in addition to physical burdens and functional limitations. Models adjusting for age, sex, type of anesthesia, and intraoperative factors indicated that severely frail (odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–2.50) and moderately frail patients (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.67) both had higher odds of experiencing postoperative complications compared to not frail patients. In a 3-way comparison, a higher proportion of severely frail patients (10.7%) reported poorer quality of life after surgery compared to moderately frail (9.2%) and not frail (8.3%) patients (P< .001). There was no significant difference among these groups in proportions reporting hospital readmission (5.6%, 5.1%, and 3.8%, respectively;P= .067).

CONCLUSIONS:

Self-report frailty items can accurately discern 3 distinct phenotypes differing in composition and their relations with surgical outcomes. Systematically assessing a wider set of domains including limitations in functional, emotional, and social activities can inform clinicians on what precipitates loss of physiological reserve and profoundly influences patients’ lives. This information can help guide the current discussion on frailty and add meaningful clinical tools to the surgical practice.
Midazolam Premedication Facilitates Mask Ventilation During Induction of General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Park Jin-Woo , Min Byung Hun , Park Seong-Joo , Kim Bo Young , Bae Sung Il , Han Sung-Hee , Hwang Jung-Won , Kim Jin-Hee
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:

During induction of general anesthesia, proper mask ventilation is crucial for supplying sufficient oxygen to unconscious patients. Midazolam has a relaxing effect on airway muscles. We hypothesized that sedative premedication with midazolam would facilitate mask ventilation during anesthetic induction.

METHODS:

Patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into 2 groups. The midazolam group received midazolam premedication at the reception area, 3 minutes before transfer to the operating room. Patients in the control group were treated with normal saline as a placebo. The primary outcome was difficulty of mask ventilation during induction, as evaluated using the Warters scales.

RESULTS:

A total of 97 patients completed the analysis: 49 in the control group and 48 in the midazolam group. The patients in the midazolam group showed a significantly lower mask ventilation difficulty score on the Warters scale than that of the control group (mean [standard deviation], 0.92 [1.13] vs 0.19 [0.57]; estimated difference [95% confidence interval], 0.73 [0.37−1.09]; P < .001). The incidence of difficult mask ventilation (≥2 Warters scale) was significantly lower in the midazolam group than in the control group (risk ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.15 [0.03−0.72]; P = .015).

CONCLUSIONS:

This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that midazolam premedication enhanced mask ventilation during induction of general anesthesia.
Postoperative Corneal Injuries: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Deljou Atousa , Weingarten Toby N. , Mahr Michael A. , Sprung Juraj , Martin David P.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies of postoperative corneal injury rates relied on provider-initiated incident reports, which may underestimate the true incidence. Postoperative administration of proparacaine eye drops is used almost exclusively to diagnose corneal injury; therefore, identifying instances of administration may provide a better estimate of corneal injuries. We compared proparacaine administration versus provider-initiated reports to determine rates of corneal injury. In addition, potential associations between clinical variables and injury were assessed with a matched case–control study.

METHODS:

The health records of 132,511 sequential adult postanesthesia recovery room admissions (January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2017) were reviewed to identify postoperative proparacaine administration and incident reports of corneal injury. Patients with corneal injury were matched with control patients at a 1:2 ratio to assess factors associated with injury.

RESULTS:

Proparacaine drops were administered to 442 patients (425 patients received proparacaine for diagnosis and 17 patients received proparacaine for unrelated reasons). Incident reports identified 320 injuries, and the aggregate corneal injury count was 436 (incidence, 3.3 injuries [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.0–3.6] per 1000 cases of general anesthesia). Proparacaine administration had a greater case ascertainment percentage than incident reporting (97.5% vs 73.4%; P < .001). The matched case–control analysis found greater risks associated with longer duration of anesthesia (odds ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.03–1.07] per 10 minutes of anesthesia; P < .001) and nonsupine surgical position (odds ratio, 3.89 [95% CI, 2.17–6.98]; P < .001). Patients with injuries also had more evidence of sedation and agitation during anesthesia recovery.

CONCLUSIONS:

Calculation of incidence by using the administration of a medication (proparacaine eye drops) that is almost exclusively used to diagnose a specific injury (corneal injury) showed higher case ascertainment percentage than incident-reporting methods. Similar strategies could be used to monitor the rates of other adverse events.
Feasibility of a Perioperative Text Messaging Smoking Cessation Program for Surgical Patients
Authors: Nolan Margaret B. , Warner Matthew A. , Jacobs Megan A. , Amato Michael S. , Graham Amanda L. , Warner David O.
Published: August 2018

Although surgical patients who smoke could benefit from perioperative abstinence, few currently receive support. This pilot study determined the feasibility and acceptability of a perioperative text messaging smoking cessation program. One hundred patients (73% of eligible patients approached) enrolled in a surgery-specific messaging service, receiving 1–3 daily messages about smoking and surgical recovery for 30 days. Only 17 patients unenrolled, the majority responded to prompting messages, and satisfaction with the program was high. Surgical patients are amenable to text message–based interventions; a future efficacy trial of text messaging smoking cessation support in surgical patients is warranted.
The endoderm from a diverse perspective
Authors: Dunn N. Ray , Hogan Brigid L. M.
Published: August 2018

The historic town of Taos, New Mexico, with its rich multicultural history of art and craft, was the site of the second Keystone Symposium on ‘Endoderm Development and Disease’, which was held in February 2018. The theme of the meeting was ‘Cross-Organ Comparison and Interplay’, emphasizing an integrative and multisystem approach to the broad topics of organ physiology, homeostasis, repair, regeneration and disease. As we review here, participants shared their recent discoveries and discussed how new technologies developed in one organ system might be applied to answer crucial questions in another. Other integrative themes were how agents such as parasites, microbes, immune cells, physical forces and innervation can affect tissue organization and progenitor cell dynamics, and how defects in the development of an organ can impact its adult function. Participants came away with a broader vision of their field and a renewed sense of collective energy empowered by novel tools and fresh ideas.
ESR1 rs2234693 Polymorphism Is Associated with Muscle Injury and Muscle Stiffness
Authors: KUMAGAI HIROSHI , MIYAMOTO-MIKAMI ERI , HIRATA KOSUKE , KIKUCHI NAOKI , KAMIYA NOBUHIRO , HOSHIKAWA SEIGO , ZEMPO HIROFUMI , NAITO HISASHI , MIYAMOTO NAOKAZU , FUKU NORIYUKI
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Muscle injury is the most common sports injury. Muscle stiffness, a risk factor for muscle injury, is lower in females than in males, implying that sex-related genetic polymorphisms influence muscle injury associated with muscle stiffness. The present study aimed to clarify the associations between two genetic polymorphisms (rs2234693 and rs9340799) in the estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) and muscle injury or muscle stiffness.

Methods

In study 1, a questionnaire was used to assess the muscle injury history of 1311 Japanese top-level athletes. In study 2, stiffness of the hamstring muscles was assessed using ultrasound shear wave elastography in 261 physically active young adults. In both studies, rs2234693 C/T and rs9340799 G/A polymorphisms in theESR1were analyzed using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.

Results

In study 1, genotype frequencies forESR1rs2234693 C/T were significantly different between the injured and noninjured groups in a C-allele dominant (CC + CT vs TT: odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.91) and additive (CC vs CT vs TT: odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.91) model in all athletes. In study 2, hamstring muscle stiffness was lower in subjects with the CC + CT genotype than in those with the TT genotype; a significant linear trend (CC < CT < TT) was found (r= 0.135,P= 0.029). In contrast, no associations were observed betweenESR1rs9340799 G/A and muscle injury or stiffness.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that theESR1rs2234693 C allele, in contrast to the T allele, provides protection against muscle injury by lowering muscle stiffness.
Equivalent Hypertrophy and Strength Gains in β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate- or Leucine-supplemented Men
Authors: JAKUBOWSKI JOSEPHINE S. , WONG EDWIN P. T. , NUNES EVERSON A. , NOGUCHI KENNETH S. , VANDEWEERD JOSHUA K. , MURPHY KEVIN T. , MORTON ROBERT W. , MCGLORY CHRIS , PHILLIPS STUART M.
Published: August 2018

Ingestion of proteins with high leucine content during resistance training (RT) can augment hypertrophy. Some data suggest that a leucine metabolite, β-hydroxy, β-methylbutyrate (HMB), is substantially more anabolically efficacious than leucine.

Purpose

We aimed to test whether supplementation with HMB versus leucine, added to whey protein, would result in differential muscle hypertrophy and strength gains in young men performing RT.

Methods

Twenty-six resistance-trained men (23 ± 2 yr) performed 12 wk of RT with three phases. Phase 1: 8 wk of periodized RT (three training sessions per week). Phase 2: 2 wk overreaching period (five sessions per week). Phase 3: 2 wk taper (three sessions per week). Participants were randomly assigned to twice daily ingestion of: whey protein (25 g) plus HMB (1.5 g) (whey+HMB; n = 13) or whey protein (25 g) plus leucine (1.5 g) (whey+leu; n = 13). Skeletal muscle biopsies were performed before and after RT. Measures of fat- and bone-free mass, vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) (both by ultrasound), muscle fiber CSA, and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) strength tests were determined.

Results

We observed increases in fat- and bone-free mass, VL muscle thickness, muscle CSA and fiber type CSA and 1-RM strength with no differences between groups at any phase. We observed no differences between groups or time–group interactions in hormone concentrations at any phase of the RT program.

Conclusions

β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate added to whey did not result in greater increases in any measure of muscle mass, strength, or hormonal concentration compared to leucine added to whey. Our results show that HMB is no more effective in stimulating RT-induced hypertrophy and strength gains than leucine.
Το ζήτημα της εκπαίδευσης των μαθητών με αυτισμό στην Ελλάδα υπό το πρίσμα των γνώσεων/αντιλήψεων και στάσεων των εκπαιδευτικών: μια ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας
Authors: Λάππα (Lappa) Χριστίνα (Christina) Σ. , Μαντζίκος (Mantzikos) Κωνσταντίνος (Constantinos) Ν.
Published: August 2018

Οι ερευνητές πραγματοποίησαν μια ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας για τις γνώσεις/αντιλήψεις των εκπαιδευτικών για τον αυτισμό και τις στάσεις τους για τη συμπερίληψη των μαθητών/ριών με αυτισμό στην Ελλάδα. Για να βρουν τις σχετικές με το θέμα έρευνες διεξήγαγαν αναζήτηση στο Google Scholar και στις βάσεις δεδομένων  ERIC και PubMed με τις λέξεις-κλειδιά «Εκπαιδευτικοί», «μαθητές με Αυτισμό», «Αυτισμός», «Αντιλήψεις», «Γνώσεις», «Απόψεις», «Στάσεις», «Γενικοί παιδαγωγοί», «Ειδικοί παιδαγωγοί», «Δάσκαλοι», και «Νηπιαγωγοί». Από την αναζήτηση βρέθηκαν 9 άρθρα σχετικά με το θέμα τους. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί γνωρίζουν σε ένα καλό επίπεδο τον αυτισμό και έχουν θετικές στάσεις στη συμπερίληψη αυτών των μαθητών. Επίσης, η ανασκόπηση έδειξε ότι η διδακτική εμπειρία παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στις γνώσεις και στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών. Τέλος, οι εκπαιδευτικοί ειδικής αγωγής και αυτοί που έχουν κάποια εξειδίκευση και εμπειρία στον αυτισμό γνωρίζουν καλύτερα τον αυτισμό σε σχέση με τους εκπαιδευτικούς γενικής αγωγής και εκείνους που δεν έχουν κάποια εξειδίκευση και εμπειρία στον αυτισμό. Συμπερασματικά, η ύπαρξη περισσότερων επιμορφωτικών προγραμμάτων πάνω στον αυτισμό θα βοηθήσει τους εκπαιδευτικούς να εκπαιδεύσουν αποτελεσματικά τους μαθητές με αυτισμό και να αναπτύξουν θετικές στάσεις για τη συμπερίληψή τους.
Solving the Whistler-Blackcomb Mega Day Challenge
Authors: Lyons John S. F. , Bell Peter C. , Begen Mehmet A.
Published: August 2018

The Whistler-Blackcomb (WB) Mega Day challenge requires a skier to ride all 24 lifts at the resort in a single day. Among over two million people who ski annually at WB, only 313 completed the challenge in the 14 months following the introduction of a system that tracks lift use by skier. Apart from the physical challenge of skiing, a key difficulty is finding a route that matches one’s skill level while accounting for variable lift opening and closing times.

We use data from WB’s radio-frequency identification (RFID) ticketing system to estimate ski times between lifts for skiers of various skill levels. We then formulate and solve the problem by a combined, iterative integer programming and heuristic approach, up to the highest feasible skier skill level. The problem’s distinctive features preclude the use of known solution methods for similar problems; therefore, we use a practical, staged-solution approach.

Our results include a recommended route that enables the greatest number of skiers, roughly the fastest quartile, to achieve the challenge. We also provide a benchmark that skiers who can ski a particular common run in 12 minutes or less should be able to complete the challenge. In the three months following communication of our recommended solution, the rate at which skiers completed the Mega Day challenge increased by two-thirds over the previous seven skiing months.
Do Maracanazo ao Mineiratzen: um estudo da memória a partir das narrativas da imprensa na Copa de 2014
Authors: Helal Ronaldo George , Lisboa Fábio Aguiar
Published: August 2018

O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar as narrativas da imprensa brasileira sobre a derrota de 7 a 1 do Brasil para a Alemanha em partida válida pela semifinal da Copa do Mundo de 2014, buscando identificar como a memória é acionada nesta oportunidade. Para isto se parte de uma hipótese, a de que algumas narrativas deste revés provavelmente se tornarão lembranças que futuramente serão acionadas por jornalistas esportivos quando se falar deste jogo.
E-transparência: proposta de modelo metodológico para avaliação de portais de executivos nacionais
Authors: Amorim Paula Karini , Almada Maria Paula
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho propõe um modelo metodológico para a análise da transparência em portais de executivos nacionais. Tal metodologia visa avaliar os modos pelos quais governos nacionais empregam a internet para oferecer informação e serviços que visam incrementar a transparência da gestão pública. Propõe-se uma metodologia em quatro etapas: (1) identificação dos experimentos; (2) estudo exploratório; (3) navegação estruturada, e; (4) análise comparativa dos resultados por meio da estatística descritiva regressão multivariada. A última etapa visa verificar a existência de associação do índice de transparência com indicadores sociais (IDH e inserção digital), políticos (tipo de regime) e econômicos (PIB) dos países estudados. Por fim, testa-se o modelo proposto no portal do Poder Executivo brasileiro.
O cotidiano e os registros de processo
Authors: Souza Leonilia Gabriela Bandeira
Published: August 2018

Com este artigo, queremos discutir a imagem fotográfica a partir dos conceitos de documento, registro e obra, como espelho do que encontramos no processo de criação, espaço de experiência e tradução do cotidiano. Tomamos a ideia de conjunto como ponto de partida para compreender a noção de obra. A obra de arte surge então de uma série de movimentos que, dentro de um contexto temporal e conceitual, se ligam a um produto que é apresentado ao público. Percebemos quase sempre uma confusão por parte desse público que impede a compreensão desse produto final como parte do processo de criação, ficando a cargo dos documentos que registram o processo, a documentação do caminho percorrido pelo artista.
Usos e abusos da obra de Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: o caso do esporte espetáculo.
Authors: Burlamaqui Luiz Guilherme
Published: August 2018

Resenha do livro de HELAL, R. & AMARO, F. (org.) Esporte e mídia: a contribuição de Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht
Ainda somos o país do futebol? Uma análise discursiva do The New York Times na cobertura da Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2014
Authors: De Lima Alves Cortez Gabriel , Marques José Carlos
Published: August 2018

Este artigo abordará as relações entre o esporte, a comunicação e a cultura por ocasião da Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2014, realizada no Brasil entre junho e julho daquele ano. Analisaremos o discurso do jornal norte-americano The New York Times, a fim de identificar a maneira com que o periódico retratou esse evento em suas páginas. Nossa abordagem procurará verificar se um dos mais prestigiados jornais estrangeiros reproduz determinadas formas recorrentes de construção da identidade brasileira, as quais apontariam para um “estilo brasileiro de jogar futebol” (conceito fundado por Gilberto Freyre) ou para a ideia de que o Brasil seria “o” “País do futebol”, lugares-comuns que vêm sendo estabelecidos por uma perspectiva de brasilidade essencialista e homogeneizadora.
Acontecimento e narrativas midiáticas: elos entre a tragédia do Maracanaço e o vexame da Copa do Mundo de 2014
Authors: Casagrande Magnos Cassiano , Silveira Ada Cristina Machado
Published: August 2018

O presente texto discute, em âmbito teórico, a relação entre acontecimento e narrativa midiática. Através de Louis Quéré, situa-se o acontecimento na dialética da experiência, originária da interação entre sujeitos e acontecimentos. Pensa-se a narrativa como um lugar de manifestação e representação das culturas e das ações dos sujeitos sobre o mundo. Volta-se para a narrativa por meio da tríplice mimese de Paul Ricoeur. No âmbito analítico, o texto realiza incursões e interpretações acerca da derrota da seleção brasileira de futebol para a seleção alemã por sete gols a um na semifinal da Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014 e busca compreender como as capas de alguns jornais brasileiros produzem uma ressignificação do revés do Brasil na Copa de 1950, conhecido como Maracanaço.
As marcas entram em campo nas mídias sociais: O embate entre Nike e Adidas na Copa do Mundo de 2014
Authors: Ehrenberg Karla Caldas , Bueno Wilson Da Costa
Published: August 2018

O marketing esportivo, que movimenta bilhões de dólares em todo o mundo, assumiu um novo perfil com a entrada em campo das mídias sociais. A gestão das marcas nestes espaços virtuais exige agilidade, pró-atividade e sobretudo disposição para interagir com os consumidores. Este estudo analisa as estratégias da Nike e da Adidas no Facebook e no Twitter durante a realização da Copa do Mundo de 2014 no Brasil e conclui que, apesar da tradicional agressividade das marcas no mercado, a apropriação deste espaço ainda se faz de modo tímido e nem sempre adequado pela ausência de uma cultura digital de comunicação.
Olimpíadas 2016, discursos em torno das favelas e o atual projeto de reforma urbana do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Sovik Liv , Calado Camila
Published: August 2018

O trabalho analisa o marketing da candidatura Rio 2016, Live your passion e os discursos em torno da reforma urbana entendida como “legado” para o Rio de Janeiro dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016. Argumenta que o discurso legitimador das remoções nas favelas começa a ser construído na candidatura com o discurso do legado e, adiante, com o do bom governo da cidade integrada via políticas públicas. Lançando mão da noção foucaultiana de biopoder, conclui que as atuais intervenções urbanísticas legitimam ações de segregação social na cidade.
Conversação, Mediação e Transformação na cultura da Rede
Authors: Antoun Henrique
Published: August 2018

O processo de contínua conversação nas redes sociais aponta para transformações na consciência, no agir coletivo e na sociabilidade. Entretanto muitos se preocupam com a impossibilidade destas mudanças resultarem em transformações substantivas na representação política e na forma do Estado. Procurar avaliar criticamente o caráter da transformação é uma necessidade atual.
Em busca das identidades e sentidos de pertencimento na sociedade da comunicação e do consumo
Authors: Tondato Marcia Perencin
Published: August 2018

Por meio dos discursos dos sujeitos-indivíduos urbanos analiso a intersecção consumo-cidadania. O princípio é que, nas sociedades democráticas capitalistas, a cultura do consumo acontece em um contexto de “cidadania”, sendo necessário compreendê-la como um “processo” determinado e limitado às práticas de pertencimento e identidade. A análise dos resultados da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas em profundidade teve como base o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e a Análise de Discurso de linha francesa. As conclusões apontam para a explicitação do consumo como constituinte das identidades, que proporciona o pertencimento na medida em que significa participação do indivíduo comum nos destinos da sociedade, ciente e agente de seu direito ao consumo simbólico e cultural, definido também pelo consumo material.
Cenas de dissenso no documentário brasileiro contemporâneo – uma análise de O prefeito tá chegando
Authors: De Oliveira Vinícius
Published: August 2018

O trabalho investiga o documentário “O prefeito tá chegando” (Cid César Augusto, RJ, 2014), que narra o encontro entre uma líder política da comunidade da Estradinha e o prefeito do Rio de Janeiro para tratar de intervenções urbanísticas no local. Notando que o filme deixa-se conduzir mais pela voz e gestos da líder comunitária que pelo seu interlocutor, interessa-nos analisar como se constitui esse espaço fílmico e estético onde se encontram e se relacionam e quais sentidos políticos podemos lhe atribuir.
Rádios comunitárias nas revistas latino-americanas de Comunicação
Authors: Haussen Doris Fagundes
Published: August 2018

O artigo analisa a presença das rádios comunitárias nas revistas latino-americanas de Comunicação, com o objetivo de verificar de que forma o tema é abordado, quais os enfoques priorizados, os principais autores e as referências mais utilizadas. Foram selecionadas, no período de 2010 a 2015, oito das principais revistas do continente que se dedicam à área. Constatou-se a presença de dez artigos sobre o tema.
Regresión. Las nuevas políticas para medios comunitarios en Argentina
Authors: María Soledad Segura , Emilia Villagra , Verónica Longo , Natalia Vinelli , Larisa Kejval , Ana Laura Hidalgo , Alejandro Linares , Natalia Traversaro
Published: August 2018

Nuestra hipótesis es la siguiente: Históricamente, las políticas públicas de comunicación ayudaron a construir una posición de desventaja en términos de sostenibilidad económica de los medios comunitarios, populares y alternativos de Argentina, con respecto a los medios de propiedad privada con fines de lucro y a los estatales. Después de una breve etapa entre 2009 y 2015 en la que las políticas dirigidas al sector no lucrativo se orientaron -con sus demoras y problemas- a su legalización y fomento, las políticas del gobierno actual, aunque no modificaron el marco legal, restauran las persecuciones a las radios en situación de ilegalidad forzosa.
Radios comunitarias desde una perspectiva indígena. La experiencia de la Organización de Comunidades Aborígenes de Nazareno, Salta-Argentina.
Authors: Villagra Emilia , Burgos Ramón
Published: August 2018

En este trabajo pretendemos mostrar el trabajo realizado durante la elaboración de la tesis de grado “Queremos que la gente no pueda vivir sin la radio. Procesos de gestión y de construcción de contenidos en una radio comunitaria. El caso de la Organización de Comunidades Aborígenes de Nazareno (OCAN) Salta, 2014-2016”; reflexionando sobre el recorrido por las distintas facetas que tuvo que pasar la organización para la creación de la primera radio comunitaria en el territorio Qullamarka, algunas veces a pulmón y otras con el apoyo y la colaboración por parte de distintos organismos pertenecientes al Estado Nacional.
Rádio em ambientes digitais: experiências de segmentação em aplicativos para dispositivos móveis
Authors: Pessoa Sônia Caldas , Prata Nair , Avelar Kamilla
Published: August 2018

A presente pesquisa realiza um estudo de caso de uma rádio transmitida por meio do aplicativo WhatsApp e suas dinâmicas interativas em páginas em redes sociais online. Entre os objetivos deste estudo de inspiração etnográfica de uma rádio segmentada estão a descrição e análise dos processos de transmissão, circulação da produção de textos audioverbovisuais, modelo de negócio e interação com os ouvintes usuários do aplicativo. Pretende-se compreender possíveis experiências de pessoas comuns em ambientes digitais que provocam tensões entre os modos de fazer rádio, as tecnologias digitais, a visibilidade e o suposto empoderamento do ouvinte.
Rádios de resistência: no ar, o verbal e o não-verbal na contra-hegemonia
Authors: Abreu João Baptista de , Carvalho Marcus Aurélio de
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho apresenta exemplos de emissoras de rádio nas Américas que desempenharam um papel fundamental no processo de resistência ao poder estabelecido em seus territórios, com destaque para relatos de experiências nas quais os elementos não-verbais se mostraram expressivos para os roteiros de programas radiofônicos. Um dos objetivos é traçar um painel histórico das rádios que se opuseram ao poder constituído no século XX.
O rádio que respira e floresce nas bordas das indústrias midiáticas
Authors: Kischinhevsky Marcelo , Moreira Sonia Virgínia
Published: August 2018

A ideia de uma crise do rádio consolidou-se no imaginário coletivo nas últimas décadas, a despeito de não haver ancoragem na realidade. Se muitas rádios tradicionais AM e FM saem do ar, vendidas a igrejas eletrônicas ou novos grupos empresariais (MOREIRA, 1998; RIBEIRO, ABREU e KISCHINHEVSKY, 2011), multiplica-se a oferta de conteúdos no contexto de um rádio expandido (KISCHINHEVSKY, 2016), que transborda para novas plataformas e é consumido nos mais diversos dispositivos. O rádio vai bem, obrigado, embora algumas emissoras de rádio em ondas hertzianas estejam mal das pernas, lamentando-se da concorrência com serviços on-line e da erosão dos habituais índices de audiência, antes medidos em centenas de milhares de ouvintes por minuto.
Eventos sustentáveis: um novo ambiente para a comunicação
Authors: Malvezzi Ana Maria , Giacomini-Filho Gino
Published: August 2018

Este artigo, de âmbito exploratório, objetiva oferecer uma visão geral sobre a sustentabilidade ambiental de eventos e estudo comparativo de normas correlatas. Os resultados apontam que as normas ABNT/ISO e ASTM estipulam exigências distintas quanto à certificação de sustentabilidade de eventos acerca dos aspectos relacionados com a comunicação e o meio ambiente.
Introduzione al Active Case Management nella procedura civile: premesse e sfide
Authors: Caureo Elisângela Simon
Published: August 2018

Sommario: 1. Introduzione. -2. Case management: il concetto. - 3. Pre-trial e discovery. – 4. Caratteristiche del Case management. 5.- L’importanza della fase preparatoria. – 6. La sommarizzazione e la cognizione piena. – 7. Active case management nel diritto italiano. 8. La questione dei costi del processo. – 9. Conclusioni.Parole-chiave: Case management. Sommarizzazione. Costi del processo. Procedura Civile. Discovery. Tendenze della procedura civile. Abstract: This paper commence by reflecting upon some introductory notions of case management, disclosure, discovery and the most actual tendencies in Procedural law, next it will reflect upon the effects of Lord Wolf Reform to the civil procedure worldwide.  It will also analise the role of the preparatory fase in the civil procedure and the possible role of case management in Italy. Keywords: Case management.  Litigation costs. Procedural law. Discovery. Disclosure. Procedural Law tendencies.
PROPOSTA DE UMA POSSÍVEL RELATIVIZAÇÃO DA IMPENHORABILIDADE DO BEM DE FAMÍLIA
Authors: Toledo André Medeiros , Medeiros Neto Elias Marques de
Published: August 2018

O presente trabalho analisa o regime da impenhorabilidade do bem de família, bem como apresenta uma proposta de reflexão quanto à relativização desta impenhorabilidade em determinados casos