bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of tillage, residue and nitrogen management on radiation interception, radiation use efficiency and evapotranspiration partitioning
Authors: KOUSHIK BAG  , K.K. BANDYOPADHYAY  , V.K. SEHGAL  , A. SARANGI  , P. KRISHNAN
Published: December 2021

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of different tillage (conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT)), residue (with crop residue mulch (R+) and without residue (R0)) and nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kgN ha-1) interaction for radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (RUE), evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning and yield of wheat in a split-split plot design for 2017-18 and 2018-19. Results showed that Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf area duration (LAD), Total intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (TIPAR), Grain and Biomass yields were higher in R+ during both the years of study. With increasing Ndoses LAI, LAD, TIPAR, RUE, grain and biomass yields increased and extinction coefficient decreased significantly in both the years. Fraction intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (fIPAR) followed a similar trend with LAI. Seasonal ET was partitioned into soil evaporation (Ep) and crop transpiration (Tp) to take into account the productive transpiration effects on crop growth and yield. It was found that NT and residue could reduce Ep (6% and 5.6%) and increased Tp (2.6% and 2.4%) over CT and no mulch treatments, respectively. With higher N-dose, Ep decreased while Tp increased significantly. Thus besides higher nitrogen doses, NT and crop residue mulching could be a better strategy to harness higher radiation interception vis-a-vis higher crop productivity.
Critical analysis of temporal climate change and ensuing frequency of crop yield constraining temperatures
Authors: S.K. JALOTA  , PRABHJYOT KAUR  , JATINDER KAUR  , P.K. KINGRA  , B.B. VASHISHT
Published: December 2021

Critical analysis of magnitudes andtrends of temporal changes in maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures as well as rainfall during three time series i.e. past (observed data, 1970-1990), present (observed data, 1989-2018) and future (bias corrected modelled data, 2021-2050) reveals that on the whole, inter–series mean of all the three climate parameters increased, and variation decreased in future time series. The magnitude of these trends varied with the model as well as scenario; was highest in RCP 8.5 scenario. Intra-series trends at annual and seasonal scales are dictated by inconsistent monthly trends. This study also adds that decline incrop yields of rice-wheat system with warming in future can be ascribed to increased frequency of days having yield constraining temperatures (above ceiling and below critically low during crop growth and reproduction stages) rather than their elevated magnitudes only as anticipated previously.
A brief overview of literary Darwinism and a Darwinian perspective on The Road by Cormac McCarthy
Authors: Załużna-Łuczkiewicz Malina ,   State School of Higher Education, Chełm (Poland)
Published: December 2021

The first section of this paper presents in general terms the main ideas of literary Darwinism represented by Joseph Carroll, Jonathan Gottschall and other scholars concerning theory (literature as an adaptation) and interpretative practice. It also reviews the key arguments of this literary school’s critics focusing on the papers of Jonathan Kramnick and William Deresiewicz. The second section is an attempt at applying Darwinian methodology to the interpretation of The Road by Cormac McCarthy taking into account its reception, style, the behavioural systems (survival, parenting, and cognitive activity), the literary context and the author’s point of view.
Kultura a rodzaje zagrożeń społecznych występujących w wybranej grupie badawczej w środowisku wiejskim – raport z badań
Authors: Karbowniczek Jolanta ,   Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie (Polska)
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono charakter i rozmiar form kultury, oddziałujących na zmniejszenie lub likwidację zagrożeń społecznych wśród mieszkańców środowiska wiejskiego - gminy Wierzbica. Skupiono uwagę na tych działaniach kultury, które przyczyniają się do przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom społecznym, a co za tym idzie zwiększają aktywność kulturalną respondentów badanej gminy. Dokonano analizy aspektów kultury oraz ich oddziaływań na mieszkańców obszarów zagrożonych społecznie. Badania empiryczne potwierdziły istnienie zależności między uczestnictwem w kulturze a występującymi zagrożeniami społecznymi wśród badanej grupy. Zgromadzone dane dały możliwość dokonania próby oceny uczestnictwa w kulturze mieszkańców gminy Wierzbica, ich zainteresowań preferencji i oczekiwań z tym związanych. Indywidualna diagnoza zagrożeń społecznych i ich skutków pozwoliła na określenie uwarunkowań uczestnictwa w kulturze. Określono również zakres pomocy socjalnej dotyczącej zagrożeń społecznych.
Enhancing Politicians’ Persuasiveness: Some Remarks on the Importance of Rhetorical Figures of Repetition in Political Discourse
Authors: Pieniążek-Niemczuk Elżbieta
Published: December 2021

The modern political class, which has been established on democratic principles both in Europe and America, is keen to use rhetoric and tools it provides. Any attempt to define the influence of these tools principally refers to the essence of rhetoric which is persuasion. Persuasion, on the other hand, is core to political discourse which, according to Teun van Dijk (1997, p. 14) is contextual, therefore must be recognized by its functions and/or goals. The functions of the discourse are often expressed in rhetorical devices and therefore play an important role in achieving political goals. The pieces of information presented in this article depict rhetorical devices as useful in increasing persuasiveness. Attention is paid to figures of repetition which constitute a universal category of rhetorical devices and thus need to be examined in a greater detail, especially in a discourse whose users focus their efforts on constructing effective persuasion.
Mental Imagery in Bertrand Russell’s Nobel Lecture “What Desires Are Politically Important?”
Authors: Biskub Iryna Biskub
Published: December 2021

The article presents the analysis of the mental images of human desires and their verbalization techniques involved in Bertrand Russell’s Nobel lecture delivered in 1950. Human desires are non-material mental constructs that are not clearly defined in the dictionaries, their verbalization being complicated by the issues related to rationality, psychology of thinking, objectivity, and the variability of individual behavioral reactions. The results of the research suggest that the verbalization of desires is essentially complicated by social and cultural stereotypes. It has been noted that storytelling can be applied as one of the most effective techniques to create the required mental imagery of desires in the recipient’s mind. B. Russell’s unique manner of defining such politically important desires as acquisitiveness, vanity, glory, love of power, excitement is carefully analyzed. The use of figurative language as well as conceptual and stylistic metaphors that facilitate the process of shaping mental images of desires have also been the focus of our attention. Special consideration has been given to the analysis of the verbalization means of the politically important desires.
Suomen puolesta, Euroopan edestä, Venäjää vastaan? Kansainvälinen vuorovaikutus ja yhteistyö vuoden 1899 kulttuuriadressissa
Authors: Kajanne Ville
Published: December 2021

Suomessa harjoitettu ilmatieteellinen tutkimus ja havaintotoiminta sai alkunsa jo Turun Akatemiassa 1700-luvulla. Varhaisista alan tutkijoista tärkein oli Helsingin yliopiston fysiikan professori G. G. Hällström (1775–1844). Merkittävä tapahtuma oli magneettismeteorologisen observatorion (nykyisin Ilmatieteen laitos) perustaminen vuonna 1838. Observatoriossa tehtiin laajamittaisia havaintoja säästä ja magneettikentän vaihteluista kuten muissakin vastaavissa observatorioissa Euroopassa 1800-luvulla. Observatorion johtajana toimi fysiikan professori ja runoilija J. J. Nervander (1805–1848). Laajemmat ilmatieteelliset havainnot käynnistyivät koko maassa Suomen Tiedeseuran aloitteesta vuonna 1846. Ensimmäiset yleisölle suunnatut sääennusteet aloitetiin 1880-luvulla. Myöhemmin radion ja television välityksellä laitoksen sääpalvelut tavoittivat päivittäin kaikki tietoja tarvitsevat tahot.

 

1900-luvulla Ilmatieteen laitoksen toiminta laajeni merkittävästi useille toimialoille ja siitä kehittyi kansallisesti ja kansainvälisesti huomattava tutkimus- ja palvelulaitos. Nykyään laitoksen toimintaan kuuluvat havainnot ja tutkimukset ilmakehän kaikista kerroksista aina avaruuteen asti.

 

Suomessa monet meteorologian tutkijat ovat nousseet maailmanmaineeseen kuten esimerkiksi akateemikko Erik Palmén (1898–1985) ja meteorologisten luotaimien kehittäjä Vilho Väisälä (1889–1969).Juhannuksena 1899 Pietariin saapui kansainvälinen delegaatio toimittamaan Nikolai II:lle kansainvälistä vetoomusta, jossa hallitsijaa pyydettiin ottamaan huomioon helmikuun manifestin jälkeen Suomessa järjestetyt mielenilmaukset tsaarin politiikkaa kohtaan. Vetoomuksen oli allekirjoittanut yli tuhat tieteen ja kulttuurin vaikuttajaa kahdestatoista maasta liki kuudessakymmenessä kaupungissa halki Euroopan. Kulttuuriadressin nimellä pian tunnetuksi tullut kansainvälinen adressi oli aikansa sensaatio.

 

Ville Kajanteen väitöskirja on ensimmäinen kokonaisesitys kulttuuriadressin tavoitteista ja toteutuksesta. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan adressia sen toteuttaneiden henkilöiden näkökulmasta sekä sitä kansainvälistä asetelmaa ja ympäristöä vasten, jossa se vain muutamien kuukausien aikana suunniteltiin ja laadittiin.

 

Kulttuuriadressi oli osoitus eurooppalaisen älymystön kiinnostuksesta yhteisiä eurooppalaisia juuria sekä ylikansallista verkostoitumista ja yhteistyötä kohtaan. Julkisuudelta piilossa toteutettu adressikampanja antoi mahdollisuuden kansainvälisten kontaktien hyödyntämiseen ja henkilökohtaisten suhteiden rakentamiseen kansallisen kysymyksenasettelun nimissä, mutta myös kansallisen kulttuurin markkinointiin eurooppalaisessa mittakaavassa.

 

Tutkimus nojaa laajaan alkuperäislähdeaineistoon ja siinä käydään yksityiskohtaisesti läpi adressin suunnittelun ja toteutuksen vaiheet.
Diplomatins ideal och praktik. Utländska sändebud i Stockholm 1746–1748
Authors: Holm Sophie
Published: December 2021

Sjuttonhundratalet utgör en övergångsperiod i den europeiska diplomatins historia. Utrikespolitik och diplomati institutionaliserades och professionaliserades i allt högre grad. Därtill påverkades det diplomatiska arbetet av samhällsforändringar såsom bättre kommunikationsmöjligheter och framväxten av en allmän opinion med politisk betydelse. Vad innebar detta ur der enskilda sändebudets synvinkel?

 

I sin avhandling diskuterar Sophie Holm diplomati som en social praktik genom en granskning av utländska sändebud i Stockholm under åren kring 1746-1747 års riksdag. Österrikiska tronföljdskriget aktualiserade olika allianspolitiska alternativ under riksdagen med ett ökat diplomatiskt engagemang i huvudstaden som följd. I avhandlingens fokus står diplomati, opinionsbildning och konflikthantering utanför de militära sammandrabbningarnas och fredskongressernas sfär. Frågorna hur det diplomatiska värvets villkor såg ut och vad det innebar att tjänstgöra som diplomat i Stockholm belyses mångsidigt.

 

Undersökningen är en tankeväckande fallstudie i växelverkan mellan personligt aktörskap och struktur inom tidigmodern diplomati. Den visar hur enskilda sändebuds handlingar och personliga egenskaper var avgörande för utrikespolitiska förvecklingar. Samtidigt granskas hur samma handlingar påverkades av större geopolitiska krafter och den diplomatiska kulturens implicita normer. Därmed bidrar studien med nya perspektiv både på den europeiska diplomatins historia och på frihetstidens Stockholm som en diplomatisk arena.
Tanssiva kaupunki
Authors: Artukka Topi
Published: December 2021

Turku oli 1810-luvulla Suomen poliittinen, kulttuurinen ja kaupallinen keskus, joka tunnettiin näyttävästä seuraelämästään. Siellä sijaitsivat suuriruhtinaskunnan senaatti ja muut hallintoelimet, venäläinen esikunta, vauras kauppiaskunta, yliopisto ja hovioikeus, joiden edustajista kaupungin kosmopoliittinen seurapiiri koostui. Seurapiiri ylläpiti aktiivista seurallisuuden kulttuuria, joka muodostui julkisista tanssiaisista, vierailuista, illallista, teatteriesityksistä, konserteista ja epämuodollisista tapaamisista.

 

Tanssiva kaupunki on tutkimus Turun seurapiiristä ja sen ympärille muodostuneesta uudenlaisesta, urbaanista seurallisuuden kulttuurista 1810-luvun Suomessa. Kirjassa valaistaan julkisen seuraelämän kehittymistä ja sosiaalisten suhteiden merkitystä 1800-luvun alun eliitille ja kysytään, mikä Turun seurapiiri oli, keistä se koostui, minkälaisissa tiloissa ja paikoissa he tapasivat toisiaan ja mikä merkitys seurallisuuden kulttuurilla oli kaupungin seurapiirille, sosiaalisille suhteille ja hierarkioille.
KETERATURAN SOSIAL DALAM BENTUK GOTONG ROYONG MENGELOLA KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN DI KELURAHAN MENTENG KECAMATAN JEKAN RAYA KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Rahman Fauzi , Lestariono Wijoko
Published: December 2021

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Ingin mengetahui keteraturan sosial dalam bentuk gotong royong mengelola kebersihan lingkungan di Kelurahan Menteng, Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya, Ingin mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi pendorong dan penghambat keteraturan sosial dalam bentuk gotong royong mengelola kebersihan lingkungan di Kelurahan Menteng, Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya.

Penelitian ini  menggunakan metode deskriptif adalah penelitian yang diarahkan untuk memberikan gejala-gejala, fakta-fakta, atau kejadian - kejadian secara sistematis dan akurat, mengenai sifat-sifat populasi atau daerah tertentu. Dalam penelitian deskriptif cenderung tidak perlu mencari atau menerangkan saling berhubungan,Sesuai dengan masalah yang penulis ajukan, maka penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yaitu suatu proses penelitian dan pemahaman yang berdasarkan  pada  metodologi  yang  menyelidiki  suatu  fenomena  sosial  dan masalah manusia. Pada pendekatan ini, peneliti membuat suatu gambaran kompleks, meneliti kata-kata, laporan terperinci dari pandangan informan, dan melakukan studi pada situasi alami. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif.

Hasil kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Keteraturan sosial masyarakat dalam kegiatan gotong  royong  mengelola kebersihan  di Kelurahan  Menteng dapat dilihat  dari beberapa karakteristik yaitu Tertib Sosial, Sosial Order, Keajegan dan Pola. Tertib sosial masyarakat dalam mengelola kebersihan dilingkungan kelurahan menteng berpedoman kepada norma tertulis dan berupa himbauan dari ketua rukun tetangga. Pengetahuan tentang kebersihan telah diinternalisasi sejak masih sekolah namun dalam praktek sehari-hari mengalami kendala berupa kurangnya kesadaran kolektif warga diakibatkan sosial control yang lemah dan sangsi atas tindakan tidak berlaku efektif. Faktor penghambat adalah hubungan sekunder warga yang hanya memenuhi keinginan dari ketua warga sebagai tokoh masyarakat yang menggambarkan kehadiran semu warga dan toleransi yang rendah karena individualisme tinggi  warga serta kurangnya kesadaran koletif warga akibat perubahan sosial masyarakat kota. Faktor pendorong berupa kerjasama terlihat pada masyarakat yang tinggal secara permanen dan peran tokoh Ketua RT dalam menyeimbangkan, mempersatukan, kepentingan warga masyarakat.
SOSYAL GÜVENLİK KURUMUNCA ELEKTRONİK ORTAMDA YAPILACAK TEBLİGATA İLİŞKİN YÖNETMELİK ÇERÇEVESİNDE ELEKTRONİK TEBLİGAT
Authors: TAHİROĞLU Fatih , GÜNEŞ Volkan
Published: December 2021

Teknolojik gelişmeler, hukuk alanında da etkilerini her geçen gün artırmaktadır. Bunun bir sonucu olarak, tebligatların elektronik ortamda yapılması amacıyla birçok düzenleme yapılmıştır. Bu düzenlemelerden biri de 01.10.2021 tarihi itibariyle yürürlüğe giren Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumunca Elektronik Ortamda Yapılacak Tebligata İlişkin Yönetmelik’tir. Bu Yönetmelik Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu tarafından elektronik ortamda yapılacak tebligatlara ilişkin usûl ve esasları belirlemek amacıyla çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmanın konusunu Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu tarafından söz konusu Yönetmelik çerçevesinde yapılacak elektronik tebligat oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle, elektronik tebligat kavramından ve elektronik tebligat sisteminden bahsedilmiştir. Daha sonra, elektronik tebligatın uygulama alanı üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, elektronik tebligatın uygulama alanı hem konu bakımından hem de kişi bakımından olmak üzere ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Ardından elektronik tebligat adresinin edinilmesi, elektronik tebligatın yapılması ve yapılamaması konuları ele alınmıştır. Son olarak ise, elektronik tebligat adresinin kapatılması anlatılmıştır.
Micromorphology and Anatomy of the Flowers in Clivia spp. and Scadoxus multiflorus (Haemantheae, Amaryllidaceae)
Authors: Fishchuk Oksana , Odintsova Anastasiya
Published: December 2021

The general morphology, micromorphology, and anatomy of the flowers of
Clivia miniata
,
Clivia nobilis
, and
Scadoxus multiflorus
were studied using light microscopy. The studied species have large syntepalous and trimerous flowers, short floral tubes with adnate stamens, and inferior ovaries that develop baccate fruit. The gynoecium in the studied species consists of synascidiate, symplicate, and hemisymplicate zones. The style is composed of postgenitally fused carpels. The few ovules are located in a locule in the synascidiate and symplicate zones in
C. miniata
and
C. nobilis
, whereas in
S. multiflorus
, solitary ovules occupy the synascidiate zone in each locule. The septal nectaries are located in the hemisymplicate zone and occupy the uppermost 29% to 56% of the ovary height. Septal nectaries are of the nonlabyrinthine lilioid-type, covered with secretory tissue only in its lower portion. Nectary channels are apical or subapical and open near the style base. A common pattern of the venation of the floral parts was observed in all species: Tepal traces and stamen traces were fused in the ovary wall, the style was supplied by dorsal carpellary bundles, and ovules were supplied by ventral carpellary bundles entering the ovary from the bottom. The observed gynoecium inner structure provides adaptations for the development of fleshy fruit, with thickened parenchymous ovary wall, ovary base, and ovary roof, and numerous branched vascular bundles in the ovary wall around locules.
Uloga i značaj kompanija u oblikovanju i funkcionisanju inovacionog sistema
Authors: Rahimić Zijada
Published: December 2021

Kontinuiranim jačanjem istraživačko razvojnih aktivnosti i inovativnih sposobnosti kompanije postižu dugoročno održive konkurentske prednosti na sve kompleksnijim i neizvjesnijim tržištima današnjice. Istovremeno, stvaranjem novog znanja, inovativnom primjenom postojećih znanja i tehnologija, te olakšavanjem njihovog transfera doprinose izgradnji ekonomije znanja i konkurentnosti zemlje. Jedan od stubova ekonomije znanja jeste efektivan inovacioni sistem, u kojem posebno mjesto i ulogu imaju kompanije. Cilj rada je predstaviti i analizirati doprinos kompanija efikasnom funkcionisanju inovacionih sistema, ispitati vezu i uticaj inovativnosti i izdataka za istraživanje i razvoj na globalnu konkurentnost. Kao metodološki okvir za analizu efekata inovacijskih sposobnosti korišten je Globalni indeks inovacija (GII), kao i Indeks globalne konkurentnosti (GCI), u kojem inovacije i sofisticiranost predstavljaju jednu od tri kategorije konkurentnosti. U fokusu analize bio je odnos između inovacijskih inputa i inovacijskih outputa, kao i odnos između GII i GCI Bosne i Hercegovine, zemalja zapadnog Balkana i grupe odabranih zemalja Evropske unije (EU). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da postoji statistički signifikantna veza između inovacijskih inputa i outputa. Evidentne su razlike u jačini veze između varijabli inovativnosti i konkurentnosti za zemlje zapadnog Balkana i za izabrane zemlje članice EU. Takođe je utvrđeno da izdaci za istraživanje i razvoj značajno utiču na vrijednost indeksa konkurentnosti.
Influence of development of scientometrics on the outlook and functioning of the science system in the world and in individual countries
Authors: Zerem Enver , Kunosić Suad
Published: December 2021

The social significance and quality of scientific research largely depend on the usefulness of research results for the social and scientific community. The lack of funds and the desire to allocate funding to high-quality research projects make the assessment of the quality of research and the valorization of knowledge increasingly important. However, it is very difficult to apply criteria that can objectively assess scientific research, providing precise qualitative and quantitative data on which funding agencies could base their decisions. The product of scientific research is mainly information published in scientific journals. They are the basis for the dissemination of knowledge and the basic criteria for academic and scientific evaluation, fundraising for scientific research and career advancement. In addition to the evaluation of scientific publications, there is a wide range of other activities that reflect the scientific credibility of scientists, such as: number and quality of grants for scientific research projects, leadership in national or international academic societies, membership in editorial boards of reputable journals, doctoral dissertation mentorships and the like. Although these activities are important and give credibility to the scientist, the relevant scientometric systems cover only publications, neglecting other criteria of scientific importance in evaluation for purpose of academic advancement of a scientist, as well as competitions for grants for financial support of scientific research. The reason for this is the fact that these activities, regardless of their importance, are very heterogeneous, with specific characteristics, and require very diverse parameters for evaluation. Therefore, there are no universal evaluation criteria for these activities and their quality is generally assessed individually, depending on the purpose of the assessment. Regardless of the shortcomings, university ranking systems are important comparative parameters for assessing the quality of scientific and educational value of universities.
The Impact of E-Commerce Sales on Capacity Utilization
Authors: Zhu Xuechang , Shang Hui , Dai Zhen , Liu Bin
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization in China, with process innovation being the mediator and product focus being the moderator. A mediated moderation model was developed and tested using data from 804 Chinese manufacturing firms as well as two-stage least squares regression analysis. The results reveal that the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization is negative; while process innovation mediates this relationship. Furthermore, product focus not only moderates the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization, but also moderates the relationship between process innovation and capacity utilization. These findings are useful for decision-makers when formulating e-commerce sales strategies and focusing on process innovation that will help them achieve higher capacity utilization. This paper contributes to existing research by validating process innovation as mediator and product focus as moderator between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization.
An Innovative Approach to the Implementation of Sustainable Business Ideology in Ukraine
Authors: Burkynskyi Borys , Andryeyeva Natalya , Khumarova Nina , Konstetska Katyeryna
Published: December 2021

According to the Sustainable Development Goals (UN, 2015), making sustainable business decisions should be the driving force in achieving environmentally-oriented improvements. The key document that supports the 10 principles that ensure SDGs is the United Nations Global Compact Strategy 2021–2023 (UN, 2021). Achieving the goals of the Strategy requires the use of an improved business decision-making model that simultaneously increases revenues and revises the distribution of domestic funds for meeting the principles in the sphere of human rights, economic growth, satisfactory working conditions and the environment, and combating corruption as a key driver of corporate sustainability and responsible business practices. The authors have developed a methodological approach to the assessment of business sustainability, which is based on a combination of elements: analysis of world best practices and trends, determination of the impact of business on the social status and environment, quality assessment of relevant certification, and analysis of compliance with social indexes of sustainable development. The analysis of economic indicators of sustainable business (The B Impact Assessment, 2021) for 2020–2021 allowed singling out companies that finance the environmental sphere. Today, a quarter of the world’s countries carry on sustainable business and finance the environmental degradation impact. The 8 leaders include: France, USA, Brazil, India, Germany, Norway, Ireland and South Korea. Methods of rating and expert assessment constitute an applied aspect of research for identification of prospects of sustainable business formation in Ukraine in the regional context. The result shows that only 8 regions are suitable for sustainable business conduct, while the environmental criterion is more than 9.2 points of 10, the economic criterion does not exceed 5, and the social criterion is 4.02–5.02. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the organization of sustainable business according to the key strategic state priorities in formation of the mechanisms for the investment and the innovation policy of a sustainable development support system through the use of regulatory tools for reformation of existing business approaches to internationally regulated ones, such as business for nature.
“Neurocovid”: An Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on the Older Adults. Evolving Psychological and Neuropsychological Understanding
Authors: Palermo Sara
Published: December 2021

When SARS-CoV-2 began to spread, older adults experienced disproportionately greater adverse effects from the pandemic, including exacerbation of pre-existing physical and cognitive frailty conditions. More severe complications, higher mortality, and concerns about disruptions to their daily routines and access to care. Knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 on the brain is rapidly accumulating and this is reflected in the increasing use of the term “neurocovid”. Co-involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system had already been observed in SARS patients, but COVID-19 seems to invade it with greater affinity than other coronaviruses. This chapter provides an overview of the expanding understanding of the multiple ways in which COVID-19 affects the human brain, discuss the likelihood of long-term sequelae of neurocovid, and their implications for cognitive functions and behaviors in the elderly.
SOLVING INTEGER PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS BY USING POPULATION-BASED BEETLE ANTENNAE SEARCH ALGORITHM
Authors: Brajević Ivona , Brzaković Miodrag , Jocić Goran
Published: December 2021

Beetle antennae search (BAS) algorithm is a newly proposed single-solution based metaheuristic technique inspired by the beetle preying process. Although BAS algorithm has shown good search abilities, it can be easily trapped into local optimum when it is used to solve hard optimization problems. With the intention to overcome this drawback, this paper presents a population-based beetle antennae search (PBAS) algorithm for solving integer programming problems.  This method employs the population's capability to search diverse regions of the search space to provide better guarantee for ﬁnding the optimal solution. The PBAS method was tested on nine integer programming problems and one mechanical design problem. The proposed algorithm was compared to other state-of-the-art metaheuristic techniques. The comparisons show that the proposed PBAS algorithm produces better results for majority of tested problems.
Implications of the Marginalisation of Social Sciences in the Fight against the Covid 19 Pandemic: A Humanities Perspective
Authors: Mathew Tirivangasi Happy , Louis Nyahunda , Mabila Thembinkosi E. , Mugambiwa Shingirai Stanely
Published: December 2021

In the history of pandemics that plagued humanity, COVID-19 represents a catastrophic global health crisis. The pandemic has placed a huge burden on health care systems around the globe. Due to its easy transmission from one individual to the other, COVID-19 prevention require large scale behaviour change. Through the recommendations of the WHO, governments across the world have enacted policies of social distancing, national lockdown, wearing face mask, release of inmates from prisons, temporary citizenship to migrants and refugees. In fostering the contingent measures to manage the pandemic between March and December 2020, most governments have consulted epidemiologists, public health experts, virologists among other pure sciences disciplines. However, notably absent, or poorly represented were the insights from social and behavioural scientists. The researchers argue that the absence or marginalisation of social sciences in the battle against the pandemic creates a myriad of gaps among the mechanisms crafted to manage the pandemic. The aim of this paper is to provide the entry points of social scientists in the fight against the pandemic. Through the use of insights of sociology and social work disciplines, the researchers noted that social scientists are involved in behaviour modification, compacting fear and anxiety, promotion of human rights, psychosocial support to vulnerable populations; and understanding the pandemic in the scope of globalisation. In terms of recommendations, we suggest that social workers and sociologists need to depend on the repertoire of their disciplines in order to effect change in different communities during the pandemic and its aftermath.
Combined effect of furanone fluconazole and amphotericin B against biofilms formed from Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors:   Research & Development Wing, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Bharath University, BIHER, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, Tamil Nadu, India, Meenakumari Kirishnamoorthy
Published: December 2021

It is of interest to document the combined effect of furanone fluconazole and amphotericin B against the biofilm formed by Cryptococcus neoformans. The MIC values of amphotericine B and Fluconazole were observed as 20μg/ml and 60μg/ml, respectively. The MIC for the Combination (Amphotericin B/ Fluconazole) was found to be at (15/20) μg/ml drug concentration. Thus, data shows the combined effect of furanone fluconazole and amphotericine B derivative against C. neoformans.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity of nhexane extract from Mollugo nudicaulis Lam.
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science, Kovilacheri, Tamil Nadu, India, Raj Siva Shankar
Published: December 2021

The antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity of n-hexane extract of Mollugo nudicaulis Lam. is of interest. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by separate methods of radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by disc diffusion method on fungi species, gram positive and negative species. The anticancer potential of plant extract was evaluated on A2780 cell lines by MTT assay. Results exposed that, the n-hexane extract of M.nudicaulis possess comparable significant antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 12.79ą0.82, 36.65ą0.03 and 19.59ą0.26 μg/mL, on DPPH, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays respectively, and also possess notable reducing power of 0.84ą0.04 (Reducing power assay) and 0.75ą0.02 (FRAB assay) at the maximum concentration of 200 μg/mL of the n-hexane extract. Antimicrobial activity of extract exhibited maximum zone of inhibition ranged from 11.1 ą 0.3 to 14 .5ą 0.3 mm on tested microorganism. The anticancer activity of plant extract found to be strong cell growth inhibitory activity with minimal IC50 values of 32.46ą0.92 μg/mL on A2780 cell lines. Collectively this study can be concluded that, the n-hexane extract of M.nudicaulis might act as possible antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
Les Guidelines TEI à l’épreuve de la complexité textuelle et graphique médiévale
Authors: Materni Marta
Published: December 2021

The TEI Guidelines represent today an essential standard in the world of textual encoding for digital editions. However, some problems concerning TEI encoding, both theoretical and practical, are far from being definitively resolved. In this context we firstly discuss a theoretical question: what is the nature of the encoding? Are we interested in the Text or in its documentary image? What is the difference between a descriptive encoding and an editorial one? Secondly, we analyse the specific case of the TEI Guidelines application to the Medieval textual and writing reality: indeed, this application risks being anything but automatic, as TEI tags were set in the context of contemporary printed books.
Los pliegos sueltos de romances RM686-RM685 y RM408-RM409: contextos, materialidad y ecdótica
Authors: Garvin Mario
Published: December 2021

This article analyses four ballad chap-books (RM686-RM685 and RM408-RM409) which form two independent series of transmission, but which by their typology and context, transcend their own individuality, revealing useful information about the influence of materiality on the contents of the printed book and on the form of the poetic text, both in these particular witnesses and in later editions.
La coronación de Nuestra Señora de Fernán Ruiz de Sevilla (ID 0116): variantes y variaciones
Authors: Mangas Navarro Natalia Anaís
Published: December 2021

A study and cataloguing of Fernán Ruiz de Sevilla’s La coronación de Nuestra Señora (ID 0116, 15th century). Its two witnesses (ms PN6 and incunabulum Cancionero de Ramón de Llavia, 86*RL) offer abundant divergences. This study helps to shed light on the process of transmission of this poem and suggests hypotheses regarding the affiliation of its sources.
Multi-Agent System Development and Application for Supply Chain Management Tasks
Authors: Plinere Darya , Aleksejeva Ludmila , Merkuryev Yuri
Published: December 2021

In today’s dynamically changing environment, we need to be able to respond in a timely manner to changes in supply chain processes. Software agents are successfully used in supply chain management tasks for a variety of purposes. The behaviour of agents is determined by the purpose of their development, and the effectiveness of the use of agents is considered in accordance with the purpose of their development. The paper presents research on the development of a multi-agent system for supply chain management, focusing on the steps of developing a multi-agent system. The choice of each algorithm for agents is analysed and argued. The application of the developed multi-agent system for supply chain management is also described in the paper. The efficiency of application of the developed multi-agent system is presented as well.
Matrix Neo-Fuzzy-System and its Online Learning in Image Recognition Task
Authors: Chala Olha , Bodyanskiy Yevgeniy
Published: December 2021

The paper proposes a 2D-hybrid system of computational intelligence, which is based on the generalized neo-fuzzy neuron. The system is characterised by high approximate abilities, simple computational implementation, and high learning speed. The characteristic property of the proposed system is that on its input the signal is fed not in the traditional vector form, but in the image-matrix form. Such an approach allows getting rid of additional convolution-pooling layers that are used in deep neural networks as an encoder. The main elements of the proposed system are a fuzzified multidimensional bilinear model, additional softmax layer, and multidimensional generalized neo-fuzzy neuron tuning with cross-entropy criterion. Compared to deep neural systems, the proposed matrix neo-fuzzy system contains gradually fewer tuning parameters – synaptic weights. The usage of the time-optimal algorithm for tuning synaptic weights allows implementing learning in an online mode.
A Fuzzy Version of the TOPSIS Method in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Tasks
Authors: Kuleshova Galina , Uzhga-Rebrov Oleg
Published: December 2021

Choice and decision making are an integral part of the purposeful activities of people in all areas of public and private life. Tasks of multi-criteria decision making are characterised by the fact that alternative decisions are evaluated by a set of criteria and the concept of a decision and its outcome coincide. The defining concept in such problems is the concept of a set of Pareto optimal decisions (Pareto set). This set forms alternative decisions that are not comparable in terms of the set of evaluation criteria. The choice of the optimal decision in the Pareto set can be performed only on the basis of the subjective preferences of the decision maker. In recent decades, extensions of traditional methods of multi-criteria decision making to a fuzzy environment have been proposed. One of the well-known approaches to multi-criteria decision making is the TOPSIS method. In the paper, a fuzzy version of this method is considered in situations where the values of evaluation criteria are set in the form of fuzzy numbers.
SYNTHESIS OF NANOSIZED METALLIC AND CORE-SHELL PARTICLES BY ULTRASONIC SPRAY PYROLYSIS
Authors: Stopić Srećko , Friedrich Bernd
Published: December 2021

Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis is a versatile method for preparation of powders of metals, oxides and composites. Nanoparticles of silver were prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis in a horizontal and vertical reactor. Direct synthesis of RuO2-TiO2 nanoparticles with core and shell structure was investigated in a vertical reactor. An influence of reaction parameters (the temperature, the residence time, the concentration of solution, and the ultrasonic frequency) on the morphological characteristics of prepared nanoparticles was studied. Using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, the ideally spherical metallic particles were obtained at temperatures below the melting point of metals. Scale up of the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis was applied for the synthesis of nanosized silver. The coating of titanium anode was successfully performed using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method in an electrostatic field.
INFLUENCE OF ANISOTROPY AND MAGNETIC FIELD ON THERMAL ENTANGLEMENT IN HEISENBERG MODEL AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF MODEL
Authors: Pantić Мilan , Micić Nemanja , Pavkov Hrvojević Milica , Radošević Slobodan , Mali Petar
Published: December 2021

The thermal entanglement in a two-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ system, also XYZ system, with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) couplings in an inhomogenous magnetic field, was studied. The effects of these two kinds of anisotropies on the thermal entanglement have been studied in detail in the concept for concurrence, the measure of entanglement. The analytical expressions of concurrence are obtained for this model. It is found that the DM interaction can enhance thermal entanglement and can be efficiently controlled by the DM interaction parameter and ehchange interaction Jx, Jy and Jz. When D is large enough, the entanglement can exist for larger temperatures and strong magnetic field. We also analysed thermodynamic properties of Heisenberg model and the most important results were shown in the paper.
DIELECTRIC SENSITIZATION OF ZEOLITIC IMIDAZOLATE FRAMEWORK-8 (ZIF-8) NANOPOWDER
Authors: Luyt Adriaan S. , Langner Еrnie H.G. , Dudić Duško
Published: December 2021

Metallo-organic complexes are a class of materials that are increasingly used in sensory applications. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are their subclass that are topologically isomorphic with zeolites. The porosity of the crystals and their chemical structure, as well as their thermal and chemical stability, make some of these materials (ZIFs) very suitable for making sensors. The large specific area of micro and nano particles is an important parameter for sensor applications. Despite the fact that the dielectric characterization of powders in the RF domain was neglected in scientific works, this method can have great practical importance. This paper presents the results of the dielectric characterization of the ZIF-8 nanopowder in the frequency range of 24 Hz to 24 KHz. The results indicate that the presence of evaporation of water, ethanol and methanol leads to major changes in the dielectric permittivity of ZIF-8 nanopowder.
FUZZY MODELING OF TEMPERING PROCESS OF CAST STEEL
Authors: Ješić Dušan , Kovač Pavel , Savković Borislav , Sarjanović Dražen
Published: December 2021

Tempering is a heat treatment process to achieve maximum toughness and ductility at a specified hardness and strength. It is important to develop an intelligent model for tempering process to satisfy requirement of mechanical properties with low cost. This paper presents a fuzzy model to predict Charpy-V notch toughness during tempering process of steel. The influence of processing parameters of steel casting, hot working and heat treatment on toughness of tempered steel was investigated. Fuzzy model for prediction od Charpy-V notch toughness of steel was established. In order to validate the model, it is employed to predict the tempering of EN GS-42CrMo4 steel. The calculated results show a good agreement with the experimental ones. This agreement indicates that the fuzzy logic is effective for modeling of tempering process of steels.
APPLICATION OF GOOGLE SOLUTIONS FOR EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY AND COST OF APPLICATION QUALITY AND FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Novaković Brane , Grujić Igor
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of research carried out in companies engaged in the production and distribution of bakery products, which relate to the advantages, disadvantages and costs of implementing the system for quality and food safety management. In focused companies, a quality and food safety management system has been applied, which, after development, has been certified by independent certification bodies. The methodology for collecting data using the Google questionnaire that was created and through which the data from the surveyed companies was obtained. The highest initial costs during the introduction of quality and food safety management systems relate to the elucidation of infrastructure deficiencies (66.6% of surveyed enterprises) and consulting services (33.3% of surveyed enterprises). A key advantage of establishing a company's quality management system is to improve document management and product quality improvement (4.55). The applied quality management systems and food safety systems offer companies numerous advantages, savings in business and represent a model by which applications and other companies can improve their own performance. Determining system efficiency methodologically using google questionnaires is a very simple and useful tool that can be used for similar research with minimal knowledge of online programming techniques.
THE INDOOR RADON AND THORON CONCENTRATIONS IN SCHOOLS OF SKOPJE (REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA) AND BANJA LUKA (REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA) CITIES MEASURED BY RADUET DETECTORS
Authors: Stojanovska Zdenka , Ćurguz Zoran , Kolarž Predrag , Žunić Zora S. , Boev Ivan , Boev Blazo
Published: December 2021

Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) are natural radioactive gases, generated in the terrestrial materials. They are the main sources of public exposure to ionising radiation in any of indoor environment worldwide. Differences in half-lives of 222Rn (T1/2 = 3.8 d) and 220Rn (T1/2 = 55.6 s) lead to its different indoor behavior. Several studies of indoor 222Rn and 220Rn in Northern Macedonia have been performed, starting with measurements in dwellings in 2008 and continuing with measurements in schools during 2012. The surveys in the Republic of Srpska began later (in 2011) with the simultaneous 222Rn and 220Rn measurements in the dwellings and schools of Banja Luka cities. This paper, as a result of our cooperation, summarizes the results and general conclusions obtained from 222Rn and 220Rn measurements in schools of capitals. In both cities, the measurements were made using Raduet - nuclear track detectors; deployed at distances: >0.5m (Skopje) and 0.2m (Banja Luka); and exposed in a period: March 2012 - May 2012 (Skopje) and April 2011 - May 2012 (Banja Luka). Results for 222Rn and 220Rn concentrations in both cities have a log-normal distribution. The 222Rn geometric mean value of 71 Bq/m3 in Skopje is higher than in Banja Luka city (GM = 50 Bq/m3). Among different radon potential in the cities, this difference could be related to the different exposure time of detectors. Furthermore, the dispersion of the 222Rn results in each city expressed through geometric standard deviation is relatively low: GSD = 2.13 (Skopje) and GSD = 2.11 (Banja Luka) indicating relatively homogeneous data sets. The 220Rn concentrations in Banja Luka (GM = 51 Bq/m3) were higher than in Skopje (GM = 11 Bq/m3). It is obvious that in the case of 220Rn, the exposure period did not play a significant role. One of the reasons for this difference could be the position of the detectors as well as the different building materials in the schools. On the contrary, the dispersion of the 220Rn results in Skopje (GSD = 3.38) was greater than in Banja Luka (GSD = 2.07).
Reverting the mode of action of the mitochondrial FOF1-ATPase by Legionella pneumophila preserves its replication niche
Authors: Escoll Pedro , Platon Lucien , Dramé Mariatou , Sahr Tobias , Schmidt Silke , Rusniok Christophe , Buchrieser Carmen
Published: December 2021

Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, a severe pneumonia, injects via a type 4 secretion system (T4SS) more than 300 proteins into macrophages, its main host cell in humans. Certain of these proteins are implicated in reprogramming the metabolism of infected cells by reducing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) early after infection. Here. we show that despite reduced OXPHOS, the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) is maintained during infection of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). We reveal that L. pneumophila reverses the ATP-synthase activity of the mitochondrial FOF1-ATPase to ATP-hydrolase activity in a T4SS-dependent manner, which leads to a conservation of the Δψm, preserves mitochondrial polarization, and prevents macrophage cell death. Analyses of T4SS effectors known to target mitochondrial functions revealed that LpSpl is partially involved in conserving the Δψm, but not LncP and MitF. The inhibition of the L. pneumophila-induced ‘reverse mode’ of the FOF1-ATPase collapsed the Δψm and caused cell death in infected cells. Single-cell analyses suggested that bacterial replication occurs preferentially in hMDMs that conserved the Δψm and showed delayed cell death. This direct manipulation of the mode of activity of the FOF1-ATPase is a newly identified feature of L. pneumophila allowing to delay host cell death and thereby to preserve the bacterial replication niche during infection.