bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching in Evidence-Based Practice among undergraduate healthcare students. Which interventions, methods and outcome measures are being used in teaching EBP among undergraduate healthcare students: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Nielsen Lea D. , Løwe Mette M. , Castaño Francisco M. , Jørgensen Rene B. , Ramachandran Asviny , Noe Bodil B. , Egebaek Heidi K.
Published: June 2023

Background: To fully implement the internationally acknowledged requirements for teaching in evidence-based practice, and support the student’s development of core competencies in evidence-based practice, educators at professional bachelor degree programs in healthcare needs a systematic overview of evidence-based teaching and learning interventions. The purpose of this study was to summarize and synthesize the current evidence from systematic reviews on educational interventions being used by educators to teach evidence-based practice to professional bachelor-degree healthcare students and to identify the evidence-based practice-related learning outcomes used.Methods An overview of systematic reviews. Four databases (PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, ERIC and the Cochrane library) were searched from May 2013 to May 2022. Additional sources were checked for unpublished or ongoing systematic reviews. Eligibility criteria included systematic reviews of studies among undergraduate nursing, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, midwife, nutrition and health, and biomedical laboratory science students, evaluating educational interventions aimed at teaching evidence-based practice in classroom or clinical practice setting, or a combination. Two authors independently performed initial eligibility screening of title/abstracts. Four authors independently performed full-text screening and assessed the quality of selected systematic reviews using standardized instruments. Data was extracted and synthesized using a narrative approach.Results A total of 524 references were retrieved, and 6 systematic reviews (with a total of 39 primary studies) were included. Overlap between the systematic reviews was minimal. All the systematic reviews were of low methodological quality. Synthesis and analysis revealed a variety of teaching modalities and approaches. The outcomes were to some extend assessed in accordance with the Sicily group`s categories; “skills”, “attitude” and “knowledge”. Whereas “behaviors”, “reaction to educational experience”, “self-efficacy” and “benefits for the patient” were rarely used.Conclusions Teaching evidence-based practice is widely used in undergraduate healthcare students and a variety of interventions are used and recognized. Not all categories of outcomes suggested by the Sicily group are used to evaluate outcomes of evidence-based practice teaching. There is a need for studies measuring the effect on outcomes in all the Sicily group categories, to enhance sustainability and transition of evidence-based practice competencies to the context of healthcare practice.
Detection ranges of forest bird vocalisations: guidelines for passive acoustic monitoring
Authors: Winiarska Dominika Maria , Szymański Paweł , Osiejuk Tomasz Stanisław
Published: June 2023

Passive acoustic monitoring has proven to have many advantages for monitoring efforts and research activities. However, there are considerations to be taken into account regarding the placement of autonomous sound recorders. Detection ranges differ among species and in response to variable conditions such as weather or the location of vocalising animals. It is thus important to the success of a research project to understand, with a certain degree of confidence, the distances at which birds might be detected. In two types of forests in Poland, we played back the vocalisations of 31 species of European forest birds exemplifying different singing characteristics. Based on recordings obtained along a 500-m transect, we estimated the probability of detection and maximum detection distance of each vocalisation. We simulated three heights of singing and repeated playbacks three times during the breeding season to evaluate the effect of vegetation growth. Our results revealed that environmental and meteorological factors had a significant influence on both detection probability and maximum detection distances. This work provides comprehensive measurements of detection distance for 31 bird species and can be used to plan passive acoustic monitoring research in Europe, taking into account species traits and individual characteristics of the study area.
Onchocerciasis transmission in Kafolo, located in the Côte d’Ivoire – Burkina Faso cross-border region of Tchologo
Authors: COULIBALY Fatoumata , YAPI Grégoire Yapi , SANON Karim , BAKAJIKA Didier , SANFO Moussa Sounkalo , N’DRI Raphaël N’goran , COULIBALY Donisongue , KADJO Kouamé Alphonse , DOANNIO Julien Marie-Christian , ADJAMI Ako Aimé Gilles
Published: June 2023

Background: Onchocerciasis or river blindness is a parasitic endemicity caused by a filariasis called Onchocerca volvulus. This nematode worm is transmitted to humans due to bites by infested female black flies. In 2002, WHO closed the Onchocerciasis control programme in West Africa at the time when the disease transmission risk was constricted in all countries where Onchocerciasis was a cause of concern. The aim of this study is to evaluate Onchocerciasis transmission in the Kafolo area, located at the Ivorian-Burkinabe border in the region of Tchologo in Côte d’Ivoire, after the period of interruption of the national Onchocerciasis control programme activities, and following the observation of an increase in the disease prevalence in both sides of the border.
Methods: Standardized human landing catches of black flies based on a WHO/OCP technique were carried out in 2019 at the intervals of two (2) days per month. Caught black flies were dissected to look for potential onchocerca larvae. These larvae were then analyzed through the PCR technique 0 - 150 to identify their species.
Results: Annual Bitting Rates (ABR) were 25,355 and 20,235 bites/person/year at Kafolo-Amont and at Kafolo-Aval respectively, with an average parturity rate of 60.33% at the level of the first site and 55.23% at the level of second one. Adjusted infectivity rates amounted to 3.93 IF/1,000 pares and 4.91 IL/1,000 pares for Kafolo-Amont (Upstream) and to 4.03 IF/1,000 pares and 6.71 IL/1,000 pares for Kafolo- Aval (Downstream). Adjusted ABR reported 75 bites/person/year in each site. This rate exceeds almost 4 times the threshold defined by WHO for the disease control. the high transmission rate observed in this study was not expected and could constitute a potential source of contamination of adjacent river basins across the border in Burkina Faso.
Conclusion: There is active onchocerciasis transmission continues at Kafolo. Therefore, Onchocerciasis elimination is not yet achieved in this site. The subsequent recommendation is that entomological and epidemiological transmission prevalence data be updated in this area.
Failure Characteristics of Thick Hard Roof Stratum under Hydraulic Pre-splitting and Its Application in A Coal Mine, Dongsheng Mining Area
Authors: Zhu Jing-zhong , Li Wen-ping , Teng Bo , Liu Yu
Published: June 2023

Due to the presence of the hard suspended roof, it cannot collapse naturally after being mined in a large-scale goaf. If the roof suddenly destroys without human intervention, it would cause serious disasters. In this paper, we discuss the mechanisms and applications of hydraulic fracturing in alleviating the potential for catastrophic disasters. After the fracturing crack propagation principle, we investigate the failure and stress characteristics of overburden with and without fracturing, taking a mine in Dongsheng mining area. The results show that the regulated roof suffers severe damage after fracturing, and the initial rupture distance of hard roof is reduced to 40 m or so. Additionally, the development height of water-conducting fissure zone is approximately 138.18 m. The fracturing effect can be preliminarily speculated according to fluid pressure curves. It is inferred that hydraulic fracturing point 3 has the best damage effect on the hard suspended roof. On the other hand, a common trait of overburden stress is easily observed by monitoring points, namely that the overburden stress after fracturing shows a relatively smaller value. The study provides theoretical support for the safety management of thick hard roofs, especially in the coal mines seriously affected by roof accidents.
Anaerobic gram-negative rod bacteremia as a marker of gastrointestinal cancer in Japanese patients: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Abe Eiko , Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Onishi Kazunari , Mori Nobuyoshi
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Gram-negative rod (GNR) bacteremia has been suggested as a clinical marker of occult cancer; however, no studies are available in this regard in the Japanese population. Here, we investigated the risk factors for gastrointestinal cancer with GNR bacteremia.
Methods
Patients with GNR bacteremia admitted to St. Luke’s International Hospital between January 2011 and July 2021 were included. The clinical data of patients with and without cancer, 1 year before and after GNR bacteremia diagnosis, were compared. Univariate analysis was performed using χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables, while multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis, and a p of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of 2,296 GNR bacteremia-positive patients, 96 were associated with gastrointestinal cancer, and univariate analysis showed significant differences between the gastrointestinal cancer and comparison groups in terms of mean body mass index (20.2 vs. 21.8 kg/m2), Enterobacteriaceae detection (64.6% vs. 81.3%), and anaerobic GNR detection (24.0% vs. 8.5%). Thirty-five (36%) and 61 (64%) patients had upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, respectively. There were 23 patients with anaerobic GNR bacteremia related to 24 strains, (upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, 5 and 18 cases, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified anaerobic GNR (odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2–4.6) as a significant risk factor for cancer.
Conclusions
Anaerobic GNR in blood cultures may be a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, it is necessary consider cancer workup, such as endoscopy, for patients with anaerobic GNR bacteremia.
Three-dimensional stability lobe diagram construction in milling process with considering multiple modes
Authors: Li Fei , Liu Jun , Hu Baoquan , Jin Honghong
Published: June 2023

In the milling process, chatter has a significant impact on tool abrasion, machining surface quality and productivity. Stability lobe diagram (SLD) is one of the earliest methods used for offline chatter prediction. Traditionally, a two-dimensional SLD constructed by only selecting the most flexible mode and can seek the limit of axial depth of cut at a corresponding spindle speed. However, the SLD constructed only with the most flexible mode is not accurate enough when two or more important flexible modes existed with nearly the same modal stiffness, moreover, when the whole number of full vibration cycles between passages of two teeth is relatively small the SLD will fail to predict in some certain spindle speed ranges. This paper develops a three-dimensional SLD of the spindle speed, axial and radial depth of cut with considering multiple modes to solve the inaccurate prediction problem mentioned above. In consideration of the fact that accurate calibration milling force coefficients is essential for construction of SLD, a calibration procedure is presented to obtain more accurate milling force coefficients based on the average force method. In addition, as the basic input parameters for establishing the SLD, four modal parameters are identified via impact test. Then, a two-dimensional SLD is established in frequency domain by using the zero-order approximation method (ZOA) with two important flexible modes existed with nearly the same modal stiffness. Finally, a three-dimensional SLD can be constructed by scanning at different radial depths of cut and taking the lowest envelop of the two modes SLD. The validity, accuracy and basic principles of the above method are verified by a series of experiments.
Developmental and Environmental Aspects In Inpatients With School Refusal: A Dimensional Model
Authors: Keilani Mouna Al Husni Al , Dramaix Michèle , Delvenne Véronique
Published: June 2023

School attendance problems is a broader symptomatology that includes “School Refusal” due to internalizing problems and “Truancy” linked to externalizing problems. These different profiles of young patients might highlight specific developmental trajectories and specific risk factor profiles. The aims of this study is to present retrospective data to compare school refusal to three different populations (Truancy, behavior disorder and Anorexia Nevrosa) of inpatients thought dimensional approach on development and environmental aspects. In this study, we highlight risk factors profile for school refusal and truancy. School refusal inpatients are characterized by associated specific risk factors usually found in internalizing problems: medical complications during pregnancy, learning disorder, isolation/reject and bullying in peer relationships. It is frequently associated with a diagnosis of anxiety and depression and suggest difficulties in emotional dysregulation and problems of socializing with peers. In behavior disorder and truancy groups, associated to externalizing problems, the following associated specific factors were found: unwanted pregnancy, substance abuse during pregnancy, baby sleeping disturbances, delayed language development, attachment disorder, learning disorder, physical abuse, violent and conflictual family relationships, breaking contact with parents and a concomitant diagnosis of conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder. The highlight of these two profiles should enable the identification of specific axes of intervention according to the type of problem, whether internalized or externalized.
The management of patients treated with direct-acting oral anticoagulants for primary health care. Implementation of a clinical practice protocol: ZAR-ACOD project.
Authors: García-Roy África , Sarsa-Gómez Ana , Méndez-López Fátima , Urdin-Muñoz Blanca , Sánchez-Calavera Maria Antonia
Published: June 2023

Background: Oral anticoagulant treatment represents one of the most important therapeutic advances of the last century as an indication of chronic anticoagulation par excellence for atrial fibrillation. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) stand out for their predictable effect at a fixed dose, reduction of drug interactions, and ease of use, since they do not require monitoring, which allows greater flexibility in management than vitamin K antagonists.
Aim: Analyze the implementation of the management Protocol for direct-acting oral anticoagulants in primary health care.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was designed to improve the management of DOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study began in June 2017 and ended in December 2018. The DOAC management protocol was developed by the research team following the recommendations of scientific societies.
Results: Regarding the information received by the DOAC user, 15.4% did not know that they were taking an anticoagulant, 43.1% did not receive information about the DOAC at the time of prescription, and 21.5% received information written. Regarding the content of the information in primary health care, the information on the risk of bleeding was found in the upper part with 100%, followed by the importance of adherence with 90%. The follow-up need was met in 60%. 34.1% of patients with DOAC have a specific episode, 90.1% do not have any specific nursing follow-up visit, and the frequency of analytical controls is inadequate in 60.7% in patients older than 75 years. 62% with associated comorbidity and 75% with altered renal function.
Conclusions: As a conclusion of the ZAR-ACOD study, the management Protocol for direct-acting oral anticoagulants has been correctly implemented in our population with atrial fibrillation. We can highlight the improvement in the follow-up and control of patients undergoing anticoagulant treatment after the application of the protocol.
Optimizing cultivation and shipping environments for an edible green alga, Caulerpa chemnitzia var. laetevirens (Bryopsidales) from Japan: Effects of temperature, irradiance, desiccation, and salinity on photochemical efficiency
Authors: Terada Ryuta , Matsuda Koki , Nishihara Gregory N.
Published: June 2023

The effects of four stressors, temperature, irradiance, desiccation, and salinity, on the photochemical efficiency (ΔF/Fm') of a green alga, Caulerpa chemnitzia var. laetevirens from Kagoshima, Japan were determined for optimizing cultivation and shipping environments using a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)-chlorophyll fluorometer. The ΔF/Fm' remained stable at 24–34°C during the 3-d temperature exposures ranging from 8–36°C; however, it dropped at higher and lower temperatures. During continuous 6-h exposure to irradiance levels of 400 (low), and 1000 (high) µmol photons m− 2 s− 1 at 16, 24, and 32°C, the decline of ΔF/Fm' was pronounced at high irradiance. Moreover, the ΔF/Fm' also dropped at 16°C even under low irradiance, suggesting the occurrence of low temperature–light stress. Desiccation experiments under 50% humidity and up to 5-h of aerial exposure at 24°C and dim-light (20 µmol photons m− 2 s− 1) indicated that ΔF/Fm' was well tolerated within 1-h of desiccation; however, it dropped quickly as the desiccation period prolonged, suggesting that if more than 20% of the thallus interior water was lost, ΔF/Fm' dropped progressively. However, during a similar experiment up to 14 days of aerial exposure under saturated humidity (99%) and dim-light (12L12D photoperiod), as the interior water of the thallus was maintained due to the saturated humidity, ΔF/Fm' seemed to be well maintained for up to 5 days. Like desiccation, this alga exhibited stenohaline characteristics (30–40 psu) under the salinity gradient of 0–80 psu up to 7 days of culture at 24°C and dim light (12L12D). In conclusion, this alga can be cultivated by modifying the techniques used for cultivating Japanese Caulerpa lentillifera and adjusting its environment accordingly. To ensure appropriate shipping conditions, it is essential to maintain saturated humidity in a plastic container at room temperature.
Standard Scaling and PCA-based Logistic Regression Model for Classifying and Detecting DDoS Attack
Authors: Gupta Avinash , Kumar Anoj
Published: June 2023

Distributed Denial of Service Attack (DDoS) is one of the attacks used by cybercriminals against the target system in the world of technology. Using this attack, attackers tried to fool the target system and force the targeted system to deny the request of genuine clients. As a result of a successful attack, the targeted system becomes unavailable from the Internet, and the client gets a message of service unavailability. To perform this attack, the attacker tries to create fake traffic by using different approaches. This fake traffic forces the targeted system to deny the request of further requests received by genuine clients. Here DDoS stands for “Denial of Service,” which means denying clients' requests. For securing the services from DDoS attacks, here we propose a machine learning model for detecting and classifying DDoS attacks. This will help us to safeguard the services from this type of attack. In this paper, we are going to propose two different machine learning models which will help us to classify and detect the DDoS attack performed on the system. For creating the first model, we used standard scaling to pre-process the data. For the second model, we apply Principal Component Analysis(PCA) over the standard scaling to reduce the features present in the dataset so that the complexity of the model can be reduced. After preprocessing the dataset, we apply Logistic Regression in the dataset and build two different models, which help us to classify and detect the DDoS Attack.
The Significance of Kappa and F-score in Clustering Ensemble: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Yan Jie , Liu Xin , Qi Ji , You Tao , Zhang Zhong-Yuan
Published: June 2023

Clustering ensemble techniques have gained significant attention due to their ability to enhance partition results’ accuracy and robustness. Selective clustering ensemble (SCE) and weighted clustering ensemble (WCE) methods further improve performance by selecting and weighting base partitions or clusters based on their diversity and stability. However, striking a balance between these two factors remains challenging. The primary difficulty lies in evaluating the quality of base partitions and clusters. Existing evaluation criteria, such as normalized mutual information (NMI) and its variants, suffer from inherent flaws, including symmetric problem, context meaning problem, and the disregard for small clusters’ importance. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel evaluation method that utilizes kappa and F-score. We introduce a new SCE method that employs kappa to select informative base partitions and utilizes F-score to assign weights to clusters based on their stability. Empirical validation on real datasets demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
RETRACTED: Paroxetine, a P2X4 inhibitor, prevents cerebral aneurysm growth as well as recanalization after coil embolization of aneurysms: the NHO Drug for Aneurysm Study
Authors: Fukuda Shunichi , Niwa Youko , Ren Nice , Yonemoto Naohiro , Kasahara Masato , Yasaka Masahiro , Ezura Masayuki , Asai Takumi , Miyazono Masayuki , Korai Masaaki , Tsutsumi Keisuke , Shigeta Keigo , Oi Yuta , Nishimura Ataru , Fukuda Hitoshi , Goto Masanori , Yoshida Takashi , Fukuda Miyuki , Yasoda Akihiro , Iihara Koji
Published: June 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A spatio-temporal mapping and bayesian modelling of fever, cough and short rapid breaths, as symptoms of pneumonia in under-five children in Nigeria
Authors: Atoloye Kehinde Adebola , Lawal Temitayo Victor , Adebowale Ayo Stephen , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis
Published: June 2023

Background
Pneumonia remains a public health challenge in most parts of the world, with Nigeria having the highest number of pneumonia-related deaths. Understanding the geographical distribution, trends and risk factors associated with some symptoms of pneumonia can aid an appropriate preventive intervention towards abating its burden in Nigeria.
Method
This cross-sectional study used data from the 2008, 2013, and 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Surveys. The outcome variables include fever, cough, and short, rapid breaths as selected symptoms of pneumonia. Optimized hotspot analysis was used to identify areas with a significantly high prevalence of fever, cough, and short rapid breaths, and a MCMC random-intercept logistic regression model was fitted to each symptom.
Results
The prevalence of cough was 12.1%, 10.1% and 16.9% in 2008, 2013 and 2018 respectively, 16.2%, 13.3%, and 25.7% for fever; and 41.7%, 42.5% and 6.5% for short rapid breaths respectively with variations across the states. Children aged 6-11 months had the highest higher odds (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) =1.95, 95% Credible Interval (CrI): 1.77, 2.18) of having cough, compared to children of other age groups. Similar pattern wasss noticed for fever and short rapid breaths. Other significantly associated factors with symptoms include the mother’s education, mother’s age, residence type, housing quality, wealth index and region.
Conclusion
The northern states were more characterized by short, rapid breaths while the southern states were more characterized by fever but both regions have a fair share of cough among under-five children. For cough and fever symptoms, the increased prevalence between 2013 and 2018 indicates more attention is needed. There is also higher odds of finding the symptoms amongst children aged 6-11 months compared to children of other age groups, especially in the North-eastern part of the country. Hence, government needs to strengthen immunization against diseases such as Hib, pneumococcus, measles and whooping cough (pertussis) which has been shown to be the most effective way to prevent pneumonia. Adequate nutrition is also key to improving children's natural defences. Educated mothers needs to be adequately sensitized to understand that exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life of a child is paramount.
Heat-induced Leaf Senescence in Creeping Bentgrass Suppressed by Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Involving Regulation of Chlorophyll Metabolism
Authors: Rossi Stephanie , Huang Bingru
Published: June 2023

Heat stress-induced or stress-accelerated leaf senescence is related to the accumulation of ethylene and loss of chlorophyll in cool-season grass species. The objective of this study was to determine whether foliar-spraying the ethylene inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), may suppress heat-induced leaf senescence through effects on chlorophyll synthesis and degrading enzymes in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plants were maintained in environmentally controlled growth chambers under non-stress (22/17 °C day/night) or heat stress (35/30 °C day/night) temperature conditions for 25 days, and turf quality, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll content were measured to assess the extent of leaf senescence. Activities of chlorophyll-synthesizing and chlorophyll-degrading enzymes were quantified to determine whether AVG may regulate chlorophyll metabolism. Plants were foliar-sprayed with 25 µm AVG before and during heat stress at 7-day intervals. From 21 through 25 days of heat stress, AVG-treated plants had significantly higher turf quality and chlorophyll content, whereas electrolyte leakage was significantly lower in comparison with untreated controls. The activity of a chlorophyll-synthesizing enzyme, porphobilinogen deaminase, was significantly increased in AVG-treated plants at 21 days of heat stress. The activity of chlorophyll-degrading enzymes was significantly lower in plants treated with AVG from 14 through 25 days of heat stress for peroxidase, from 21 through 25 days of heat stress for pheophytinase, and at 25 days of heat stress for chlorophyllase. AVG may have suppressed heat-induced leaf senescence by regulating chlorophyll metabolic activities in cool-season grass species.
Scheelite composition fingerprints pulsed flow of magmatic fluid in the Fujiashan W skarn deposit, eastern China
Authors: Ji YunHao , Xie GuiQing , Romer Rolf L. , Li Wei , Zhu QiaoQiao , Fu Bin
Published: June 2023

Scheelite (CaWO4) is an economically important W mineral in skarns that form when magmatic fluids exsolved from a granitic intrusion react with carbonate wall rocks. In the Fujiashan W skarn deposit, scheelite formed during four stages of the hydrothermal skarn development. We present cathodoluminescence (CL) images and in situ trace element and Sr-O isotope data of scheelite from these four stages, i.e., scheelite in prograde and retrograde skarn, quartz-sulfide veins, and late calcite replacements. Scheelite from prograde skarn and quartz sulfide veins are homogeneous and show oscillatory zoning textures in CL images, whereas scheelite from retrograde skarn and late carbonate stages display dissolution-reprecipitation and patchy textures. The brightness of CL textures decreases with a higher substitution of Mo. Molybdenum-rich scheelite (up to 2.1 wt%) is characterized by relatively high contents of Nb and Ta (up to 156 and 0.9 ppm, respectively), positive Eu anomalies, high-δ18O values (5.2 to 5.9‰), and relatively low-87Sr/86Sr values (0.70661 to 0.70727), and has grown in a system with a continuous supply of magmatic fluid. Molybdenum-poor scheelite (0.2 wt%) has low contents of Nb and Ta, negative Eu anomalies, low-δ18O values (4.2 to 4.3‰), and relatively high-87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70748 to 0.70804). This type of scheelite formed in a system with a restricted flow of magmatic fluid during scheelite precipitation became increasingly depleted in elements that substitute into scheelite. The continued reaction of the magmatic fluid with the wall rocks and the precipitation of minerals from the fluid resulted in a systematic change of the δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr ratios. Chemical and isotopic variations in scheelite may reflect the pulsed flow of a magmatic fluid and do not require the involvement of different fluids or contrasting redox conditions.
Network Capital of Youth Organizations Leaders
Authors: Burmakina Anna
Published: June 2023

Network capital provides leaders of youth organizations with mobility. According to P. Bourdieu and J. Urry, network capital develops and maintains social relations without reference to geographical location, which makes it a source of emotional, financial, or practical benefits. Network capital is supplemented and enhanced by digital capital, i.e., digital skills, online activities, membership in virtual communities, etc. Youth organization leaders accumulate network and digital capital at different stages of their career in a youth organization: before joining, as a member, and after leaving. The author interviewed experts and analyzed biographies of youth organization leaders to prove that membership in such organizations provided them with numerous opportunities and accelerated their career. In general, network interactions manifested at different stages of leaders' life path, contributing to their mobility.
Cognitive and Communicative Axiology of Modern Virtual Pedagogical Communication: Notes for Discussion
Authors: Golev Nikolay
Published: June 2023

The article introduces a logical analysis of the contemporary virtual pedagogy, which seems to have developed no basic trends so far. Teaching staff, education management, and, to a certain degree, parents keep failing to adapt to the rapid technological progress. This cognitive unpreparedness manifests itself as axiological modality. Most representatives of the senior generation involved in the academic process tend to demonstrate cautious or even negative attitude to virtualization. The author aims at introducing a more insightful attitude by devaluating critical or negative attitudes to virtual pedagogy and the role of social networks in it. The article discusses the factors and manifestations of this unwilling acceptance by schoolteachers and university staff. The main emphasis is not on the electronic tools per se, but on the virtual communication and academic discourse as objects of learning.
Temporal modelling of long-term heavy metal concentrations in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Bushra Basmah , Bazneh Leyla , Deka Lipika , Wood Paul J. , McGowan Suzanne , Das Diganta B.
Published: June 2023

This paper examines a series of connected and isolated lakes in the UK as a model system with historic episodes of heavy metal contamination. A 9-year hydrometeorological dataset for the sites was identified to analyse the legacy of heavy metal concentrations within the selected lakes based on physico-chemical and hydrometeorological parameters, and a comparison of the complementary methods of multiple regression, time series analysis, and artificial neural network (ANN). The results highlight the importance of the quality of historic datasets without which analyses such as those presented in this research paper cannot be undertaken. The results also indicate that the ANNs developed were more realistic than the other methodologies (regression and time series analysis) considered. The ANNs provided a higher correlation coefficient and a lower mean squared error when compared to the regression models. However, quality assurance and pre-processing of the data were challenging and were addressed by transforming the relevant dataset and interpolating the missing values. The selection and application of the most appropriate temporal modelling technique, which relies on the quality of available dataset, is crucial for the management of legacy contaminated sites to guide successful mitigation measures to avoid significant environmental and human health implications.
Novel Approach for the Synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles
from Benzothiohydrazides and Ethylbenzimidate
Authors: S Shobha , Kemparajegowda  , Girimanchanaika Swamy Savvemala , Swarup Hassan A. , Mantelingu Kempegowda
Published: June 2023

In the current study, a simple and reliable technique for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted
1,3,4-thiadiazoles from ethylbenzimidate and benzothiohydrazides were devised. This protocol goes
via a base-mediated nucleophilic addition elimination process, followed by intramolecular rearrangement.
Our method utilizes commonly accessible and non-toxic substrates and a simple workup procedure
to produce high to exceptional yields (70-91%) of 2,5-diphenyl 1,3,4-thiadiazoles derivatives
with a wide range of substitutions. We present a simple procedure for the synthesis of 1, 3, 4-
thiadiazole using ethylbenzimidate and benzothiohydrazides in the presence of Et3N in DMSO solvent
as affordable and easily accessible starting materials to create derivatives under ambient conditions.
Metal-based Ionic Liquids and Solid-loaded Catalysts in Fuel Oil Desulfurization:
A Review
Authors: Niu Anqi , Xu Hang , Yuan Qinlin , Wu Fengmin , Wei Xuefeng
Published: June 2023

Metal-based ionic liquids (MILs) have the advantages of designability, efficiency, stability,
and regenerative cycle and can efficiently convert thiophene and its derivatives, which are important
for the production of "ultra-low sulfur" oils. This paper provides an overview of the research progress
of MILs in the field of fuel desulfurization, focusing on the current status of MILs and solid-loaded
MILs catalysts in extractive desulfurization, oxidative desulfurization, extraction-catalyzed oxidative
desulfurization, and catalytic-adsorption desulfurization processes. For MILs, the anion and cation
can be altered by design so as to impart specific functions. Loading is one of the effective ways to solidify
MILs, and the combination of MILs with different carriers can not only reduce the usage while
ensuring the catalytic activity but also improve the reusability of the catalyst. The combination of
MILs with specially structured carriers also allows solution-free adsorption and removal of oxidation
products. Compared with conventional MILs, polymetallic-based ionic liquids (PMILs) exhibit ultrahigh
catalytic activity and are one of the most promising materials available, but are still in their infancy
in the field of fuel catalysis, and researchers are needed to enrich the gap in this field. Finally,
some problems faced by various types of MILs are pointed out in order to design new functional
MILs catalysts with better properties in the future and promote the further development of MILs in
the field of fuel catalysis.
Development of a Suitable HPLC Method for the Analysis of Impurities in
Clorprenaline and Bromhexine Capsules and Identification of Unknown
Impurities by 2D LC-Q-TOF MS
Authors: Shi Yunfeng , Lin Liqin , Yao Qi , Ren Xiaojuan , Zhang Fengmei
Published: June 2023

Background:

Impurities may reduce antibacterial activity and affect clinical efficacy,
However, there has been no report on the impurity of clorprenaline and bromhexine capsules.

Objective:

In order to determine the impurities in compound clorprenaline and bromhexine capsules.

Methods:

A new stability-indicating HPLC method was established. A Boston Green ODS column
was used, and the UV detection was 225nm.

Results:

The established method was highly specific, sensitive, accurate, and suitable for routine
quality control of clorprenaline and bromhexine capsules. The structures of unknown impurities
were characterized by the MS/MS data.

Conclusion:

These results provide a sufficient basis for our subsequent study on the safety of
Compound Clorprenaline and Bromhexine Capsules and also provide ideas for the impurity research
of other compound preparations.
A Routine over the Counter Phenylephrine Causing Rarer Drug Eruption
as Adverse Drug Reaction - A Case Report
Authors: Yella Sree Sudha Tanguturi , Krishna Sasanka Kota Sesha Brahma Sri , Singh Harminder , Meena Bhumika
Published: June 2023

Background:

Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic, which means it acts analogous to
adrenaline. Phenylephrine can be taken orally to treat nasal congestion symptoms. It is also frequently
mixed with other medicines in products meant to relieve cough and cold symptoms. Given
the widespread usage of phenylephrine, related drug eruptions appear to be uncommon.

Case Presentation:

Here we discuss a case of a 19-year-old female patient who reported to our
hospital with blebs on the skin throughout her legs and torso. The drug eruption or adverse drug
response was linked with itching, had a slow beginning, and progressed. Her medical history indicated
that she had been taking phenylephrine 10 mg orally twice a day. On the sixth day, she experienced
an adverse medication response caused by the medicine phenylephrine. Phenylephrine was
stopped immediately and the other medications, such as levocetirizine, montelukast, and nasal
spray, were continued. The patient was told not to use phenylephrine, either alone or in combination
with FDCs. There are no other complaints. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with phenylephrine-
induced eruption.

Conclusion:

We present this case to highlight the importance of inspiring a pharmacovigilance
mindset among all clinicians providing care as a routine alert drug, phenylephrine-induced drug eruption.
Parametric Analysis of Indium Gallium Arsenide Wafer-based Thin Body
(5 nm) Double-gate MOSFETs for Hybrid RF Applications
Authors: Paramasivam Pattunnarajam , Gowthaman Naveenbalaji , Srivastava Viranjay. M.
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

The electrical behavior of a high-performance Indium Gallium Arsenide (In-
GaAs) wafer-based n-type Double-Gate (DG) MOSFET with a gate length (LG1= LG2) of 2 nm was analyzed.
The relationship of channel length, gate length, top and bottom gate oxide layer thickness, a gate
oxide material, and the rectangular wafer with upgraded structural characteristics and the parameters,
such as switch current ratio (ION/IOFF) and transconductance (Gm) was analyzed for hybrid RF applications.

Methods:

This work was carried out at 300 K utilizing a Non-Equilibrium Green Function (NEGF)
mechanism for the proposed DG MOSFET architecture with La2O3 (EOT=1 nm) as gate dielectric oxide
and source-drain device length (LSD) of 45 nm. It resulted in a maximum drain current (IDmax) of 4.52
mA, where the drain-source voltage (VDS) varied between 0 V and 0.5 V at the fixed gate to source
voltage (VGS) = 0.5 V. The ON current(ION), leakage current (IOFF), and (ION/IOFF) switching current ratios
of 1.56 mA, 8.49Í10-6 μA, and 18.3Í107 μA were obtained when the gate to source voltage (VGS)
varied between 0 and 0.5 V at fixed drain-source voltage (VDS)=0.5V.

Results:

Results: The simulated result showed the values of maximum current density (Jmax), one and twodimensional
electron density (N1D and N2D), electron mobility (μn), transconductance (Gm), and Subthreshold
Slope (SS) are 52.4 μA/m2, 3.6107 cm-1, 11.361012 cm-2, 1417 cm2V-1S-1, 3140 μS/μm,
and 178 mV/dec, respectively.

:

The Fermi-Dirac statistics were employed to limit the charge distribution of holes and electrons at a
semiconductor-insulator interface. The flat-band voltage (VFB) of - 0.45 V for the fixed threshold voltage
greatly impacted the breakdown voltage. The results were obtained by applying carriers to the
channels with the (001) axis perpendicular to the gate oxide. The sub-band energy profile and electron
density were well implemented and derived using the Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) formalism.
Further, a few advantages of the proposed heterostructure-based DG MOSFET structure over
the other structures were observed.

Conclusion:

This proposed patent design, with a reduction in the leakage current characteristics, is
mainly suitable for advanced Silicon-based solid-state CMOS devices, Microelectronics, Nanotechnologies,
and future-generation device applications.
Micellar Effect on the Oxidation of Anisaldehyde by Quinolinium
Dichromate in Aqueous Acidic Media: A Kinetic Study
Authors: Yadav Manju Bala , Meena Manju , Meena Bharat Singh , Meena Kamini
Published: June 2023

Aims:

Oxidation of p-anisaldehyde by Quinolinium dichromate (QDC) in the
aqueous acetic acid medium in the presence of sulphuric acid using surfactants.

Background:

The oxidation studies of anisaldehyde is very important as the oxidized
products are used as a synthetic intermediate for the preparation of a variety of drugs.
Quinolinium dichromate (QDC) has emerged as a very useful and versatile oxidant.
Micellar medium enhances the reaction rate.

Objective:

1. To study the kinetics of the reaction, which includes the determination of
order, rate, and activation parameters. 2. Spectral characterization of QDC by NMR and
the kinetic study of the reaction mechanism is done through UV – A visible
spectrophotometer. 3. Solvent effect for the oxidation of anisaldehyde by QDC. 4.
Determination of critical micelle concentration (CMC) of used surfactants (CTAB and
SDS).

Methods:

The reactions were followed at constant temperature and were followed by
monitoring the UV – Visible spectrophotometer (Double Beam – 2203) in a quartz cuvette
of 1 cm path length by following the absorbance decay of Cr (VI) at 440 nm.

Result:

KINETIC RESULTS: 1. The reaction follows first-order dependence on panisaldehyde
and QDC. 2. The reaction is found to be acid-catalysed. A plot of log [k]
versus log [H+] was found to be a straight line with a slope of 1.07. EFFECT OF
SOLVENT: The rate of reaction increases with the increase in acetic acid proportion in the
medium, which suggests that the reactions were of the ion–dipole type. MICELLAR
EFFECT: 1. Experimental results demonstrated that anionic surfactant SDS catalysed and
accelerated the study more effectively than CTAB, which is a cationic surfactant, and the
rate of reaction increases with an increase in the concentration of the SDS while in the case
of CTAB, the rate decreases with an increase in its concentration. 2. CMC values of CTAB
and SDS were 3.9 mM and 8.2 mM, respectively.

Conclusion:

The value of negative ΔS (entropy of activation) and positive ΔH (enthalpy of
activation) suggests the formation of more ordered activated complexes, and the transition
state is highly solvated. SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS 1.NMR characterisation of
synthesised QDC shows a resemblance with pure QDC. 2. Effect of oxidant QDC, panisaldehyde
and acid was studied by considering the spectra of the reaction mixture and
varying their concentration.
A New Effective Strategy for User Association in Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Aziz Layla , El Gourari Abdelali , Achki Samira
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Heterogeneous networks (HetNet) represent a promising technology that satisfies
the needs of mobile users. However, several problems have influenced the performance of wireless
communication, such as the maximization of energy efficiency and the problem of interferences
due to the uncontrolled association of the user equipment (UE).

Methods:

Solving the problem of maximizing energy efficiency has captured the attention of several
researchers. In this work, we propose an effective user association based on K-nearest Neighbors
(KNN) approach considering a large dataset. The major novelty of this work is that the supervised
learning perspective is applied to a dataset regrouped from an optimal user association, where the
most valuable parameters are considered.

Results:

Additionally, it allows for mitigating the problem of interferences using individual user association.
Simulation results have proven the efficiency of the proposed methodology.

Conclusion:

The suggested results have outperformed the two works in terms of accuracy, where the
proposed method presents a better accuracy of 95%.
Metronidazole Induced Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction- A Systematic
Review of Descriptive Studies
Authors: Taj Shifa , Zuber Mohammed , Hanumanthaiah Vidhyashree Ballagere , Venkataraman Rajesh , Puttegowda Sathish Kumar , Afrid Syed , Kiran Sai
Published: June 2023

Background:

A substantial number of research studies on metronidazole-related cutaneous
symptoms have recently been published. Our objective was to identify and evaluate descriptive studies
that described metronidazole-related skin manifestations, therapeutic interventions, and consequences.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and grey literature
databases from inception to April 2022 without any constraints, as well as a snowball search in
Google and a search in Google Scholar. Descriptive articles describing metronidazole-related cutaneous
manifestations were considered for the review. Two distinct reviewers carried out the research selection,
data extraction, and quality assessment; any discrepancies were resolved by consensus with
the third reviewer.

Results:

About 24 out of 4648 descriptive studies, including 26 patients (20 Female patients and 6
male patients), were included in this review. The included studies comprised a range of ages from 16
to 78 years old. Metronidazole was indicated for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis,
sepsis, anti-infection therapy, perforated appendicitis, rosacea, vaginal discharge, dysentery, acne
rosacea, trichomonal vaginitis, lichen planus, liver abscess, facial rosacea, intestinal amoebiasis, and
gingivitis. Fixed drug eruption was the most common skin manifestation which was reported in 7 cases
included in this review. Cutaneous manifestations were ameliorated by cessation of the offending
drug and by apportioning antihistamines, topical steroids, parenteral corticosteroids, emollients, and
topical moisturizers.

Conclusion:

Clinicians and healthcare professionals should be cognizant of the potential cutaneous
adverse drug reactions (CADRs) induced by metronidazole to mitigate fatal circumstances. The management
of the CADRs appears to respond effectively with immediate drug discontinuation and supportive
therapy.

Prospero No:

CRD42021259364
Support of Family For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Health Center During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sari Citra Windani Mambang , Hilmi Dian Ratu , Purnama Dadang
Published: June 2023

Diabetes Mellitus is one chronic disease that is still a health problem requiring prolonged treatment, so good family support is needed. This research aims to identify family support for diabetes mellitus type II patients at the primary health centre. The research conducted is by using a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used was a total sampling as much of 91 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire, which included: demographic data and family support according to the Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS). Data analysis was carried out using descriptive analysis and was used frequency distribution and percentage. This research showed that family support for diabetes mellitus sufferers was mostly good, with a percentage of 91.2%, emotional support had good support (93.4%), reward support had good support (79.1%), and instrumental support had good support. (78.0%), information support has good support (93.4%). The research results are expected to provide information and knowledge related to family support applied to diabetes mellitus sufferers