bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Government, Industry Dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Pemasaran UKM
Authors: Farida Naili
Published: September 2019

Temuan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Peran Pemerintah berpengaruh signifikan pada Kapabilitas inovasi; (2) Peran Industri berpengaruh signifikan pada Kapabilitas Inovasi; (3) Daya Eksplorasi produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kapabilitas Inovasi; dan (4) Daya Ekplorasi produk berpengaruh signifikan pada Kinerja Pemasaran. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 240 orang pelaku UKM Busana Muslim dan teknik analisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling dan AMOS version 20 dalam pengolahan data dan tiga hipotesis berpengaruh signifikan yaitu Peran Industri, peran Pemerintah dan Daya eksplotasi Produk berpengaruh posistif dan signifikan terhadap Kapabilitas Inovasi yang mampu mempengaruhi Keberhasilan perusahaan, khususnya daya eksploitasi produk mampu meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran suatu perusahaan.
Pre-release assessment of Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) during acclimatization phase in Mount Malabar Protected Forest, West Java
Authors: Ario Anton , Kartono Agus Priyono , Prasetyo Lilik Budi , Supriatna Jatna
Published: September 2019

Pre-release aassessment study of Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in gradually during acclimatization phase in the Mount Malabar Protected Forest, West Java. We studied eleven Javan gibbons in February-March 2014, February-March 2015, March-April 2015, and July-August 2016. The purpose of this study was to assess the readiness of Javan gibbon behavior in acclimatization phase prior to release. Data collection was conducted by focal animal sampling method with 5-minute interval recording time  and ad libitum method. The average time allocation of Javan gibbon activities were the following: feeding 16.82±1,28%; moving 20.01±3.14%; resting 47.64±1.31%; socializing 12.88±2.92%; sexual 0.69±0.54%; and vocalizing 1.96±0.59%. We compared activity allocation data from this study and those from wild Javan gibbons and found similarities as follows: 55.30% at a family of Jowo-Bombom-yani-Yudi, 51.42% at a pair of Moly-Nancy, 44.57% at a pair of Robin-Moni and 62.19% at a family of Mel-Pooh-Asri. Based on readiness assessment of 11 Javan gibbons, 3 were considered almost ready for release, while 8 individuals were considered  ready.
Perancangan Pesan untuk Meningkatkan Intensi Perilaku Hemat dalam Menggunakan Air
Authors: Sari Hasrini , Gantini Ratna Dewi
Published: September 2019

Ketersediaan potensi air bersih di Indonesia menurun, sehingga kontribusi dari semua pihak diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Salah satunya adalah dengan mendorong perilaku hemat air dari penggunanya melalui pemaparan pengetahuan atau pemahaman tentang kondisi ketersediaan air dan kualitas air di masa sekarang dan di masa depan. Upaya mendorong orang untuk menggunakan air secara bijak dapat dilakukan dengan menyampaikan pesan yang dirancang dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik pesan yang efektif untuk mendorong masyarakat menjadi lebih hemat dalam menggunakan air dengan mengadopsi Hierarchy of Effect Model dan metode anchor.Pesan akan mempengaruhi penerima secara bertahap mulai dari aspek kognitif, afektif dan niat. Sementara anchordigunakan dalam pesan untuk menciptakan keadaan pikiran yang diinginkan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pesan yang disampaikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain eksperimen. Dalam penelitian pendahuluan, ditemukan bahwa stimulus yang mengandung isi pesan yang memberikan efek takut memiliki tingkat yang signifikan dalam mempengaruhi intensi partisipan. Eksperimen pertama dari penelitian utama membuktikan hubungan hirarkis antara aspek kognitif, afektif dan intensi. Eksperimen kedua dari penelitian tersebut menemukan bahwa jenis konten pesan yang dapat meningkatkan niat masyarakat untuk menggunakan air dengan bijaksana adalah jenis konten pesan yang menimbulkan efek takut terhadap konsekuensi dari penggunaan air yang berlebihan.
Dinamika Tutupan Lahan di Kawasan Karst Kecamatan Gunem Kabupaten Rembang
Authors: Setya Rina Sunia , Wiryani Erry , Jumari Jumari
Published: September 2019

Research on land cover change in the karst region is currently an important study as an indicator of evaluating global environmental changes. Karst area is a unique natural phenomenon on the surface of the earth because it has an important role in water conservation, CO2 absorption, and maintenance of biodiversity but is very vulnerable to damage due to human activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in karst land cover in Gunem District, Rembang Regency, Central Java using satellite image data and GIS (Geographical Information System). The research method used is to compare three data on the distribution of land cover in 1997, 2008 and 2017 obtained from the interpretation of satellite image data. The results of the study are that land cover based on the results of the interpretation of satellite imagery is classified into four classes, namely fields / gardens, fields, built up land and water bodies. In the last 20 years the cover class of upland / garden land continues to experience a downward trend, while the built-up land cover class continues to increase. Changes in land cover in the karst area of Gunem Subdistrict during the period of 1997-2017 were influenced by factors of human activity which included population growth, housing needs, and supporting facilities. This result is expected to be a consideration in carrying out sustainable development planning and placing karst as a protected area.
Identifikasi Kenyamanan Kota Tanjungpinang Berdasarkan Indeks Panas Humidex
Authors: Siregar Diana Cahaya , Ardah Vivi Putrima , Ninggar Regina Dara
Published: September 2019

The development of Tanjungpinang City in several sectors is an effort to make that city more advance. However, there is an important problem that needs to be considered. It is the problem of the comfort life index for the population who are living in Tanjungpinang City. The climate change can affect physiological comfort in an area. The increasing of temperature can trigger the Urban Heat Island. The aim of this study is to know the comfort life index in Tanjungpinang City using a heat index called as Humidex. The data are the air temperature, air humidity, and surface wind speed for the period of 1989-2018 from the Tanjungpinang Meteorological Station. The comparison of Humidex to wind speed and the number of vehicles in Tanjungpinang City was calculated to determine the effect on the heat index in Tanjungpinang City. The results show that the Humidex monthly average in the Tanjungpinang City area ranged from 32.6 to 34.0 °C. The highest Humidex monthly average is in May and June, and the lowest value is in January. The tendency of increasing Humidex ranged from 0.08 to 0.9 °C and decreasing ranged from 0.07 to 0.8 oC with the determinant coefficient value is 0.55. The increasing of wind speed impacts to decrease the value of Humidex. The increasing of the number of vehicles periodically impacts to increase the value of Humidex exponentially. There is an increasing of the thermal comfort when there is a decreasing value of Humidex or vice versa.
The Running and Technical Performance of U13 to U18 Elite Japanese Soccer Players During Match Play
Authors: Goto Heita , Saward Chris
Published: September 2019

Goto, H and Saward, C. The running and technical performance of U13 to U18 elite Japanese soccer players during match play. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1564–1573, 2020—The aims of the current study were (a) to examine age-related differences in match running performance with 2 different approaches (speed vs. metabolic power) in U13–U18 Japanese elite soccer players and (b) to examine age-related differences in technical match performance in U13–U18 Japanese elite soccer players. Participants were 110 outfield players from academies of 2 professional soccer clubs in Japan. Forty-eight 11-a-side official league matches (13, 6, 9, 7, 6, and 7 matches for U13, U14, U15, U16, U17, and U18 age-groups, respectively) were analyzed (152 complete match files). Global positioning system (15 Hz) and video analysis were used to analyze running and technical performance during matches, respectively. Total distance covered in absolute terms (U13 < [U14 and U15] < [U16–U18]; p < 0.05 for all), high-intensity running distance ([U13–U15] < [U16–U18]; p < 0.05 for all), and distance covered during the metabolic power zone of ≥35 W·kg−1 relative to match playing time ([U13 < U16], [U13–U15] < [U17 and U18]; p < 0.05 for all) increased with age. The speed zone based approach (high-intensity running distance, ≥4.0 m·s−1) underestimated high-intensity demands compared with the metabolic power zone based approach (≥20 W·kg−1) by ∼33 to ∼57% (p < 0.01 for all), with the underestimation declining with age (p < 0.001). Pass accuracy improved with age from 73% at U13 to 85% at U18 (p < 0.001). Therefore, distance covered at high speeds and at high metabolic powers, and pass accuracy increase with age. Moreover, the speed zone based approach underestimates the demands of match play in Japanese elite youth soccer players. The current results could support coaches to develop players, identify talent, and produce age-specific training programs.
Neural Correlates of Music Listening and Recall in the Human Brain
Authors: Ding Yue , Zhang Yang , Zhou Wenjing , Ling Zhipei , Huang Juan , Hong Bo , Wang Xiaoqin
Published: September 2019

Previous neuroimaging studies have identified various brain regions that are activated by music listening or recall. However, little is known about how these brain regions represent the time course and temporal features of music during listening and recall. Here we analyzed neural activity in different brain regions associated with music listening and recall using electrocorticography recordings obtained from 10 epilepsy patients of both genders implanted with subdural electrodes. Electrocorticography signals were recorded while subjects were listening to familiar instrumental music or recalling the same music pieces by imagery. During the onset phase (0–500 ms), music listening initiated cortical activity in high-gamma band in the temporal lobe and supramarginal gyrus, followed by the precentral gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, during music recall, the high-gamma band activity first appeared in the inferior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus, and then spread to the temporal lobe, showing a reversed temporal sequential order. During the sustained phase (after 500 ms), delta band and high-gamma band responses in the supramarginal gyrus, temporal and frontal lobes dynamically tracked the intensity envelope of the music during listening or recall with distinct temporal delays. During music listening, the neural tracking by the frontal lobe lagged behind that of the temporal lobe; whereas during music recall, the neural tracking by the frontal lobe preceded that of the temporal lobe. These findings demonstrate bottom-up and top-down processes in the cerebral cortex during music listening and recall and provide important insights into music processing by the human brain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding how the brain analyzes, stores, and retrieves music remains one of the most challenging problems in neuroscience. By analyzing direct neural recordings obtained from the human brain, we observed dispersed and overlapping brain regions associated with music listening and recall. Music listening initiated cortical activity in high-gamma band starting from the temporal lobe and ending at the inferior frontal gyrus. A reversed temporal flow was observed in high-gamma response during music recall. Neural responses of frontal and temporal lobes dynamically tracked the intensity envelope of music that was presented or imagined during listening or recall. These findings demonstrate bottom-up and top-down processes in the cerebral cortex during music listening and recall.
The Correlation between self-efficacy and iron tablets consuming of Pregnant Women in Garut District
Authors: Puspita Tantri , Jerayingmongkol Peranan , Sanguanprasit Boosaba
Published: September 2019

Maternal health during pregnancy is important not only for the mothers but also for the infant. Anemia status is a condition that may cause a death against pregnant women. Consuming iron tablet lead pregnant women to prevent anemia. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self-efficacy and consuming iron tablet during pregnancy. This study was a secondary analysis from previous study which included 263 pregnant women in the analysis. The pregnant women were in 5 Public Health Care area in Garut District. The Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. The result revealed that more than 50 %  participant were confident and highly confident of taking iron tablets. Amount 22% of them were always consumed the iron tablet as they daily supplement. There was moderate correlation between self-efficacy and iron tablet consuming of pregnancy women in Garut District (r =407, α< 0,01). Health care providers are recommended to enhance pregnant women iron tablet consuming by improve their self-efficacy. It also can include their family as their motivator of improving self-efficacy to consume iron tablets.
The Meaning of Having an Autistic Child in Malay Family Indonesia
Authors: Jiu Cau Kim , Rungreangkulkij Somporn
Published: September 2019

The condition of families with autistic children raises many views and judgments both from family and society. This ethnographic study aimed to describe the meaning of families and communities towards families with autistic children. Data were collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Key informants come from families who have autistic children and community members recruited by purposive sampling, while the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This study results generate  two categories of perception of the meaning of having autistic children.  The first category was made by the families which comprises four themes such as 1) A test from God, 2) Destiny of God, 3) Autistic children different with other children, and 4) Children who need intensive helping. The second category was the perception made by the community members which consists of two themes, such as 1) Test for family, and 2) An autistic child as a holy child. This study further shows that  culture is believed to determine how families and the members of the community perceive and interpret the existence of autistic children in the families so that it is very important for health workers to understand the culture that exists in the community.
Food Insecurity, Health, and Development in Children Under Age Four Years
Authors: Drennen Chloe R. , Coleman Sharon M. , Ettinger de Cuba Stephanie , Frank Deborah A. , Chilton Mariana , Cook John T. , Cutts Diana B. , Heeren Timothy , Casey Patrick H. , Black Maureen M.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Food insecurity and pediatric obesity affect young children. We examine how food insecurity relates to obesity, underweight, stunting, health, and development among children <4 years of age.

METHODS:

Caregivers of young children participated in a cross-sectional survey at medical centers in 5 US cities. Inclusion criteria were age of <48 months. Exclusion criteria were severely ill or injured and private health insurance. The Household Food Security Survey Module defined 3 exposure groups: food secure, household food insecure and child food secure, and household food insecure and child food insecure. Dependent measures were obesity (weight-age >90th percentile), underweight (weight-age <5th percentile), stunting (height/length-age <5th percentile), and caregiver-reported child health and developmental risk. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusted for demographic confounders, maternal BMI, and food assistance program participation examined relations between exposure groups and dependent variables, with age-stratification: 0 to 12, 13 to 24, 25 to 36, and 37 to 48 months of age.

RESULTS:

Within this multiethnic sample (N = 28 184 children, 50% non-Hispanic African American, 34% Hispanic, 14% non-Hispanic white), 27% were household food insecure. With 1 exception at 25 to 36 months, neither household nor child food insecurity were associated with obesity, underweight, or stunting, but both were associated with increased odds of fair or poor health and developmental risk at multiple ages.

CONCLUSIONS:

Among children <4 years of age, food insecurity is associated with fair or poor health and developmental risk, not with anthropometry. Findings support American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations for food insecurity screening and referrals to help families cope with economic hardships and associated stressors.
Building Trust: Clergy and the Call to Eliminate Religious Exemptions
Authors: Williams Joshua T.B. , Nussbaum Abraham M. , O’Leary Sean T.
Published: September 2019

The AAP has prioritized eliminating religious vaccine exemptions. Clergy are key stakeholders with diverse vaccination views. Community-centered approaches are essential to building trust with them.
A PRAGMÁTICA TRANSCENDENTAL COMO "FILOSOFIA PRIMEIRA"
Authors: Herrero F. Javier
Published: September 2019

Escolher ou aceitar para uma aula inaugural o tema da pragmática transcendental como "filosofia primeira" poderia parecer totalmente anacrônico. Anacrônico, porque afinal vivemos no século XX, estamos acabando o século, e outros problemas parecem muito mais urgentes. Anacrônico sobretudo, porque quem hoje arriscaria tentar renovar na realidade atual a pretensão originariamente grega da filosofia comei "filosofia primeira", quando isso significa levantar a pretensão de conhecer a totalidade ontológica do real em termos de razão e, portanto, de razão essencialmente metafísica? Afinal, será que a filosofia, com a maturidade de seus quase vinte e seis séculos de existência, não estaria sentindo a saudade de suas origens? Não teríamos então que decretar também a morte da filosofia como "filosofia primeira" e voltar-nos para a grande complexidade da vida moderna e tentar humildemente reduzi-la, porque isso já seria uma grande conquista? E afinal, não é esse o sentir comum de hoje quando por toda parte se proclama o advento da pós-modernidade que, entre outras coisas, se deleita na desconstrução de toda uma cultura metafísica e universalista?
CONHECIMENTO, CIÊNCIA E VERDADE EM SANTO AGOSTINHO
Authors: Costa Marcos Roberto Nunes
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - Toda antropologia agostiniana gira em torno do problema da busca da felicidade do homem, que só será alcançada em Deus – a verdade. Assim sendo, o problema do homem converte-se na busca da verdade. Na "filosofia cristã" agostiniana a fé é condição primeira do conhecimento da verdade, entretanto, dá-se capital importância à razão no processo do conhecimento humano que está dividido em três níveis: conhecimento sensível, sensação e razão ou ciência. Além disso há um quarto grau – a verdade (Deus), que foge ao alcance da razão humana. Essa só contemplamos mediante a ajuda da graça divina.
LOS SABERES FILOSOFICO-TEOLOGICOS FRENTE A LOS SABERES JURIDICOCANONICOS EN ALGUNOS AUTORES ESPANOLES MEDIEVALES
Authors: Rábanos José María Soto
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - El decreto de Graciano sefiala el momento decisivo de la juridización de la Iglesia. AI tiempo, surgen algunas voces de teólogos em contra de dicha juridización. Son teólogos que entienden que la vinculación dei cristiano a unos comportamientos determinados no puede dimanar de una normativa humana, sea civil o eclesiástica, sino sólo de la voluntad de Dios manifestada en el derecho natural y en la Biblia, según viene interpretada por los Padres de la Iglesia y por las determinaciones de los concillos y de los papas. En este sentido se expresan concretamente dos teólogos hispanos de los siglos XII y XIII, Martino de León y Antonio de Lisboa. Posteriormente, segunda mitad dei siglo XIII y principios dei XN, Raimundo Lulio contacta com esa tendencia, ai elaborar una teoria en la que e! derecho queda reducido a filosofia moral. Ya em pleno siglo X:V, un autor hispano anónimo da testimonio de que algunos teólogos siguen manteniendo la tesis de una Iglesia governada por la sola teología, sin necesidad del derecho. Los autores mencionados no representan uma tradición hispana. Martino y Antonio conectan en su formación teológíca con una corriente espiritualista que procede de Francia, y Raimundo es autónomo en su teoria.
A ARTE RETÓRICA E A CIÊNCIA DA PAIXÃO
Authors: Mongelli Lênia Márcia
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - Sabe-se que as Artes Poéticas medievais derivam diretamente da Retórica clássica, a qual, a partir delas, teria desaparecido do cenário medieval para só ressurgir no Renascimento quinhentista. O que este ensaio pretende demonstrar é a permanência, durante a Idade Média, de princípios muito similares aos que os antigos estabeleceram como base da Retórica e de suas ramificações, para além de soluções meramente linguísticas e gramaticais. O terreno que se escolheu para apontar as analogias é o do lirismo trovadoresco.
NICOLAS DE CUSA: La prioridad del simbolo matematico en la busqueda de la sabiduria
Authors: D' Amico Claudia
Published: September 2019

Nicolau de Cusa é conhecido por suas teorias a respeito do conhecimento, principalmente por sua obra A douta ignorância. Nela e em outras, sempre dentro de uma visão medieval, vê-se que a.sabedoria cusana é uma tentativa de alcançar incansavelmente o inalcançável. Para tanto são de grande importância os símbolos matemáticos.
LA IDEA DE REPRESENTACION EN LA OBRA POLITICA DE NICOLAS DE ORESME
Authors: Tursi Antonio D.
Published: September 2019

No presente trabalho é examinado o conceito de "representação" em duas obras de Nicolau de Oresme. No De maneta, o pensador medieval faz pequenas referências ao poder de decisão do povo em questões monetárias. Anos mais tarde, ao traduzir e comentar a Política de Aristóteles, retoma a noção de Marsílio de Pádua a respeito da multidão como legislador, mas define a multidão não como o povo, mas como a congregação de todos os príncipes ou oficiais, entre os principais cidadãos.
A QUESTÃO DOS UNIVERSAIS: SUAREZ E O NOMINALISMO
Authors: Rios André Rangel
Published: September 2019

A partir do século XN, devido em grande parte à influência de Guilherme de Ockam e à divulgação de seu pensamento, o Nominalismo torna-se corrente dominante ao se tratar do problema dos universais. No presente trabalho examina-se como a questão é colocada na obra de Francisco Suárez.
DIALÉTICA E LIBERDADE: razões, fundamentos e causas
Authors: Cirne-Lima Carlos Roberto
Published: September 2019

Na tradição analítica, tanto a fundamentação lógica cerno a causação ontológica pressupõem sempre a distinção, mais, a separação entre fundante e fundado, entre causa e efeito. Isso leva a regressus ad intinitum, irracionalidade essa que só pode ser evitada pela postulação de uma arkhé inicial que, estando fora da série, faz o começo da série e assim de fora a determina. Surge assim a predeterminação causal. Uma tal concepção leva ao indeterminismo causal que impossibilita a liberdade. Na tradição dialética, fundante e fundado, causa e efeito são, em última instância, um movimento circular: autofundamentação e autocausação. Isso permite pensar a liberdade como autodeterminação. Se o sistema dialético é pensado sem contingência, a autodeterminação é "livre" apenas por não sofrer coerção externa; e!a, dentro em si, é necessária. Se o sistema é pensado com contingência, como aqui se defende, liberdade pode ser pensada como livre escolha. O dilema entre causalidade e livre arbítrio é assim resolvido, sem que se apele como fez Kant para uma teoria de dois mundos.
TÉCNICA DIALÉTICA E E/DOS ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES PARA REFLEXÃO SOBRE DIALÉTICA DE PLATÃO
Authors: Gazolla Rachel
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - A dialética em Platão é, por um lado, uma técnica que planta e semeia as "sementes do logos"; ela é, então, algo que pode ser ensinado e aprendido na relação Mestre e Discípulo. Por outro iado, Dialética é uma episteme, através da qual é possível contemplar o ser e o inteligível; ela é um saber mais perfeito e pertence, não ao âmbito da técnica, do poiefn, mas ao domínio de contemplar, do theorefn. Dialética neste segundo sentido trabalha, primeiro, com hipóteses, para depois conduzir à visão noética, na qual ela co::isegue ver seus fundamentos.
É PÓS-METAFÍSICA A TRANSFORMAÇÃO APELIANA DA ÉTICA DE KANT?
Authors: Cenci Angelo V.
Published: September 2019

Mesmo que se possa ponderar que em Apel não exista uma metafísica no sentido tradicional do termo, há que se considerar que existem aí elementos típicos de uma postura metafísica. Dessa forma, a transformação semiótica- transcendental levada adiante por Apel em relação à ética kantiana não se constitui em uma transformação pós-metafísica no sentido estrito do termo, pois, se por um lado Apel recusa os pressupostos metafísicos presentes na ética de Kant, por outro se vale de elementos que, de alguma maneira, sempre estiveram na base da tradição da metafísica ocidental. A novidade é que esses pressupostos aparecem agora reconstruídos a partir de um prisma semiótico-transcendental. Apel opera assim uma espécie de novo deslocamento dentro do deslocamento já efetuado por Kant em relação à metafísica tradicional.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O FUTURO DA HISTÓRIA EM HEGEL
Authors: Helfer Inácio
Published: September 2019

Nos últimos anos de vida do filósofo de Berlim, ele emitiu alguns comentários sobre as dificuldades de o espirita se realizar concretamente na história. A objetivação do espirita estaria enfrentando sérias dificuldades com o engendramento geração de uma sociedade livre e autônoma. A determinação concreta da ideia da liberdade, na imediação de um povo, precisa ser projetada para o futuro da história. Estabelecemos, então, considerações sobre o futuro da história em Hegel tentando mostrar como ele não perdeu de vista a correta mediação entre o discurso lógico e a explicação objetiva da história, entre a especulação e a objetivação.
A TEORIA DA GENERALIZAÇÃO DE M. SINGER
Authors: Rauber Jaime José
Published: September 2019

Com a teoria da generalização de Marcus Singer, procuro mostrar que a proposta de legitimação de normas morais universais que não considerar também as circunstâncias concretas das ações, podem legitimar normas de validade absoluta, o que pode possibilitar a justificação de ações injustas.
UMA ABORDAGEM DO CONCEITO DE CAOS E DO CONCEITO DE DETERMINISMO PRESENTES NA FÍSICA E NA TEORIA DE CIRNE-LIMA
Authors: Farias Vanderlei de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

A filosofia como sistema, segundo Cime-Lima, só poderá ser justificada se caos e determinismo puderem ser justificados. Trata-se de uma unificação entre a "substância" de Spinoza e o "eu livre" de Kant. Para que isso possa ser justificado busca-se na Física um paradigma de discussão. Podemos encontrar na Física uma teoria que corrobore a ideia de uma justificação via sistema, como pretende CirneLima, isto é, onde haja uma unificação entre caos e determinismo?
FREIRA, MULHER, CIDADÃ: uma articulação possível?
Authors: Venturin Teresinha
Published: September 2019

No limiar do Terceiro Milênio do cristianismo, defrontamo-nos com novos paradigmas tanto na organização do mundo do trabalho, como nos demais espaços sociais, com repercussões bem acentuadas no campo religioso e que impõem novas demandas à formação da freira. Pretende-se, nesse estudo, fundamentar a necessidade e as possibilidades de articulação entre os elementos básicos que constituem a formação para a cidadania e competência da freira enquanto mulher e cidadã, através das ações desenvolvidas por congregações religiosas femininas.
O CONTRIBUTO DAS CONGREGAÇÕES RELIGIOSAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO TRADICIONAL DA MULHER EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Magalhães Justino Pereira de
Published: September 2019

O fator religioso foi uma componente fundamental da educação tradicional. Nas sociedades tradicionais, a mulher assumiu a delicada função de preservar as memórias e as práticas tradicionais de educação das gerações jovens. Assim, a vigilância do comportamento religioso da mulher foi muito rigorosa. As congregações religiosas, designadamente a Congregação das Ursulinas, assumiram a partir do Concilio de Trento a principal função de ensinar e educar as mulheres. Com efeito, quando se instalaram em Portugal no século XVIII, as Ursulinas tinham já uma longa experiência noutros países europeus. Esta Congregação foi criada em França, no contexto histórico da Reforma Católica. A sua principal estratégia para educar e converter as populações ao Cristianismo foi ensinar as mulheres a ler e escrever. A alfabetização feminina foi uma via para combater a Reforma Protestante e para consolidar um texto religioso no interior da sociedade, uma vez que as mulheres eram o suporte principal da tradição oral religiosa. A Congregação das Ursulinas desenvolveu um importante método para ensinar as mulheres a ler e escrever. Na sua Constituição, a alfabetização e as demais dimensões educacionais eram fundamentais. Este texto é um contributo para a história da educação tradicional das mulheres em Portugal, através do estudo da ação das Ursulinas.
A EDIFICAÇÃO MODÉLICA DO PROFESSOR CIDADÃO: a imprensa (in)formando um discurso sobre ser docente
Authors: Bastos Maria Helena Gamara
Published: September 2019

Este texto reflete sobre alguns resultados da pesquisa - Imprensa Periódica e Pedagógica do Rio Grande do Sul: análise de discursos e práticas educativas. Enfoca a imprensa como dispositivo de orientação - intelectual e moral - do magistério, ou seja, de formação contínua de professores como autênticos cidadãos trabalhadores. Analisa a produção de uma retórica laudatória de idealização da docência, que não se traduz numa melhora da situação socioeconômica dos professores.
Biogeografía del tomate Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Solanaceae) en su centro de origen (sur de América) y de domesticación (México)
Authors: Delices Gino , Otto Raúl , Nuñez Pastrana Rosalia , Andrés Meza Pablo , Serna-Lagunez Ricardo , Gamez Pastrana Roberto
Published: September 2019

The understanding geography and ecology role in the distribution of Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme is essential for knowledge of areas with potential for tomato production and conservation. In the present work, we analyzed the environmental conditions of the center of origin of the species in South America and we compared them with records in Mexico, particularly in the state of Veracruz, tomato domestication region. We used eight climatic variables predictors and the latitude and longitude data of the species collections registered in literature and database to run two models, the first one for the south of America and the second one for Mexico. We evaluated the models by using the partial ROC method; we conducted a niche similarity and equivalency test to compare both models. We carried out a fieldwork to observe new records of the species and register the environmental conditions in which they growth. The main climatic variables of temperature were the most important for the ecological niche modeling of South America and the ecological niche modeling of Mexico. The models performed very well cause the partial roc test showed significant value for both models1.86 y 1.71 (p<0.0001). Based on our fieldwork, we registered 27 new records, we can find wild tomatoes between 14 and 2 100 amsl in areas with a range of temperature average 19-24 ºC and annual average precipitation 1 166-2 260 mm. Finally, we find out that there is climatic differentiation between South America and Mexico (most areas of the state of Veracruz) for the species.
Abundancia, distribución espacial y temporal de aves playeras (Orden: Charadriiformes) en Marismas Nacionales, México
Authors: Mendoza Luis Francisco , Carmona Roberto , De la Cruz Agüero Gustavo , Del Monte Luna Pablo , De la Cruz Agüero José
Published: September 2019

El noroeste de México alberga las mayores abundancias de aves playeras del país. Sin embargo, para muchos de estos humedales, información sobre comunidades de aves playeras, como abundancia, tendencias poblacionales y riqueza es limitada. Actualmente, los sitios de descanso son críticos para la conservación porque las poblaciones de aves playeras ha decaído en las últimas décadas. Marismas Nacionales (MN) es un humedal tropical importante con un ecosistema dinámico donde los estudios de aves playeras están limitados a unos pocos censos aereos y terrestres. Así el objetivo del trabajo fue describir la abundancia y distribución espacial y temporal de las aves playeras en MN (temporada 2010-2011). Se seleccionaron ocho unidades de muestreo en las que se llevaron a cabo censos mensuales (noviembre 2010 a junio 2011). Se determinaron las riquezas y abundancias por sitio-mes, además se realizó un análisis espacial y temporal de las especies dominantes. Se registraron 27 especies de aves playeras y un género, con un estimado mínimo de 136 236 individuos. Este número hace a MN uno de los humedales prioritarios para la conservación en México, pues alberga al 10% de la abundancia general del noroeste. Las especies dominantes fueron el Playerito occidental (Calidris mauri, 33 % del total), la Avoceta americana (Recurvirostra americana, 31%) y los Costureros (Limnodromus spp., 17 %). Espacialmente las lagunas de mayor importancia fueron Chumbeño (37 % del total registrado), Las Garzas-Chahuin (24 %) y La Polca (24 %). Este trabajo actualiza la información sobre aves playeras que utilizan MN y podría permitir el establecimiento de un programa de monitoreo lo cual es prioritario sobre todo porque el área es un Sitio de Importancia Internacional por parte de la Red Hemisférica de Reserva para las Aves Playeras.
Features of the Structural and Functional Organization of Pathogenic Fungi Herbage of Silvopastoral System
Authors: Kolmukidi Svetlana
Published: September 2019

The materials devoted to the study of the features of the organization of the microflora communities of the pathogenic microflora of grassy vegetation of pastures of the open steppe and under the protection of artificial plantations are presented. The facilities are located on the lands of the North-Caucasus branch of the Federal Science Center for Agroecology, Russian Academy of Sciences in the Stavropol Territory. The identification of the species diversity of phytopathogens and the assessment of the intensity of plant infection were carried out by visual examination of the vegetation and subsequent analysis of the samples in the laboratory using methods generally accepted in phytopathology. The assessment of the biocenotic role of protective forest stands and the peculiarities of the formation of biotic microflora complexes was carried out using indices that are widely used to characterize biological diversity. The climate here is sharply continental, dry, with increased wind activity during the spring and autumn-winter periods. A distinctive feature is the frequent recurrence of southerly and southeastern winds. Soils are light brown, partially saline. Found 139 plant species. The species composition of pathogenic microflora, parasitic on plants of pasture grass stand, which is represented by 116 species, is described. Dominant species parasitizing on grassy vegetation of forest pastures have been established. Of the pathogens, mushrooms from the Pucciniomycetes and Dothideomycetes classes predominate. Most often on grassy vegetation of pastures there are powdery mildew fungi of the genus Erysiphe (11 species), parasitic on widespread cereals, the genus Leveillula (5 species), found on Asteraceae and Labiatae, as well as species of fungi of the genus Ustilago (7 species). Rust fungi of the genus Puccinia are widely represented in these biotopes - 39 species. Especially harmful pathogens annually cause significant damage to plants, are economically significant, and in favorable weather conditions, they cause epiphytotics: Erysiphe umbelliferarum f. falcariae, E. graminis f. agropyri, E. graminis f. bromi, Uromyces glycyrrhizae, Ustilago bromivora etc. An assessment of the α-diversity of the parasitic mycobiota revealed that the mycocomplex of the grass stand under the protection of shelterbelts with Elaeagnus angustifolia and Robinia pseudoacacia is characterized by the highest species abundance.
Efficiently Combining Human Demonstrations and Interventions for Safe Training of Autonomous Systems in Real-Time
Authors: Goecks Vinicius G. , Gremillion Gregory M. , Lawhern Vernon J. , Valasek John , Waytowich Nicholas R.
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates how to utilize different forms of human interaction to safely train autonomous systems in realtime by learning from both human demonstrations and interventions. We implement two components of the Cycle-of Learning for Autonomous Systems, which is our framework for combining multiple modalities of human interaction. The current effort employs human demonstrations to teach a desired behavior via imitation learning, then leverages intervention data to correct for undesired behaviors produced by the imitation learner to teach novel tasks to an autonomous agent safely, after only minutes of training. We demonstrate this method in an autonomous perching task using a quadrotor with continuous roll, pitch, yaw, and throttle commands and imagery captured from a downward-facing camera in a high-fidelity simulated environment. Our method improves task completion performance for the same amount of human interaction when compared to learning from demonstrations alone, while also requiring on average 32% less data to achieve that performance. This provides evidence that combining multiple modes of human interaction can increase both the training speed and overall performance of policies for autonomous systems.
Task Transfer by Preference-Based Cost Learning
Authors: Jing Mingxuan , Ma Xiaojian , Huang Wenbing , Sun Fuchun , Liu Huaping
Published: September 2019

The goal of task transfer in reinforcement learning is migrating the action policy of an agent to the target task from the source task. Given their successes on robotic action planning, current methods mostly rely on two requirements: exactlyrelevant expert demonstrations or the explicitly-coded cost function on target task, both of which, however, are inconvenient to obtain in practice. In this paper, we relax these two strong conditions by developing a novel task transfer framework where the expert preference is applied as a guidance. In particular, we alternate the following two steps: Firstly, letting experts apply pre-defined preference rules to select related expert demonstrates for the target task. Secondly, based on the selection result, we learn the target cost function and trajectory distribution simultaneously via enhanced Adversarial MaxEnt IRL and generate more trajectories by the learned target distribution for the next preference selection. The theoretical analysis on the distribution learning and convergence of the proposed algorithm are provided. Extensive simulations on several benchmarks have been conducted for further verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Deep Neural Networks Constrained by Decision Rules
Authors: Okajima Yuzuru , Sadamasa Kunihiko
Published: September 2019

Deep neural networks achieve high predictive accuracy by learning latent representations of complex data. However, the reasoning behind their decisions is difficult for humans to understand. On the other hand, rule-based approaches are able to justify the decisions by showing the decision rules leading to them, but they have relatively low accuracy. To improve the interpretability of neural networks, several techniques provide post-hoc explanations of decisions made by neural networks, but they cannot guarantee that the decisions are always explained in a simple form like decision rules because their explanations are generated after the decisions are made by neural networks.In this paper, to balance the accuracy of neural networks and the interpretability of decision rules, we propose a hybrid technique called rule-constrained networks, namely, neural networks that make decisions by selecting decision rules from a given ruleset. Because the networks are forced to make decisions based on decision rules, it is guaranteed that every decision is supported by a decision rule. Furthermore, we propose a technique to jointly optimize the neural network and the ruleset from which the network select rules. The log likelihood of correct classifications is maximized under a model with hyper parameters about the ruleset size and the prior probabilities of rules being selected. This feature makes it possible to limit the ruleset size or prioritize human-made rules over automatically acquired rules for promoting the interpretability of the output. Experiments on datasets of time-series and sentiment classification showed rule-constrained networks achieved accuracy as high as that achieved by original neural networks and significantly higher than that achieved by existing rule-based models, while presenting decision rules supporting the decisions.
Interactive Semantic Parsing for If-Then Recipes via Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yao Ziyu , Li Xiujun , Gao Jianfeng , Sadler Brian , Sun Huan
Published: September 2019

Given a text description, most existing semantic parsers synthesize a program in one shot. However, it is quite challenging to produce a correct program solely based on the description, which in reality is often ambiguous or incomplete. In this paper, we investigate interactive semantic parsing, where the agent can ask the user clarification questions to resolve ambiguities via a multi-turn dialogue, on an important type of programs called “If-Then recipes.” We develop a hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) based agent that significantly improves the parsing performance with minimal questions to the user. Results under both simulation and human evaluation show that our agent substantially outperforms non-interactive semantic parsers and rule-based agents.1
Election with Bribed Voter Uncertainty: Hardness and Approximation Algorithm
Authors: Chen Lin , Xu Lei , Xu Shouhuai , Gao Zhimin , Shi Weidong
Published: September 2019

Bribery in election (or computational social choice in general) is an important problem that has received a considerable amount of attention. In the classic bribery problem, the briber (or attacker) bribes some voters in attempting to make the briber’s designated candidate win an election. In this paper, we introduce a novel variant of the bribery problem, “Election with Bribed Voter Uncertainty” or BVU for short, accommodating the uncertainty that the vote of a bribed voter may or may not be counted. This uncertainty occurs either because a bribed voter may not cast its vote in fear of being caught, or because a bribed voter is indeed caught and therefore its vote is discarded. As a first step towards ultimately understanding and addressing this important problem, we show that it does not admit any multiplicative O(1)-approximation algorithm modulo standard complexity assumptions. We further show that there is an approximation algorithm that returns a solution with an additive-ε error in FPT time for any fixed ε.
Be Inaccurate but Don’t Be Indecisive: How Error Distribution Can Affect User Experience
Authors: Padovani Rafael R. , Ferreira Lucas N. , Lelis Levi H. S.
Published: September 2019

System accuracy is a crucial factor influencing user experience in intelligent interactive systems. Although accuracy is known to be important, little is known about the role of the system’s error distribution in user experience. In this paper we study, in the context of background music selection for tabletop games, how the error distribution of an intelligent system affects the user’s perceived experience. In particular, we show that supervised learning algorithms that solely optimize for prediction accuracy can make the system “indecisive”. That is, it can make the system’s errors sparsely distributed throughout the game session. We hypothesize that sparsely distributed errors can harm the users’ perceived experience and it is preferable to use a model that is somewhat inaccurate but decisive, than a model that is accurate but often indecisive. In order to test our hypothesis we introduce an ensemble approach with a restrictive voting rule that instead of erring sparsely through time, it errs consistently for a period of time. A user study in which people watched videos of Dungeons and Dragons sessions supports our hypothesis.
Consensual Affine Transformations for Partial Valuation Aggregation
Authors: Schichl Hermann , Sellmann Meinolf
Published: September 2019

We consider the task of aggregating scores provided by experts that each have scored only a subset of all objects to be rated. Since experts only see a subset of all objects, they lack global information on the overall quality of all objects, as well as the global range in quality. Inherently, the only reliable information we get from experts is therefore the relative scores over the objects that they have scored each.
We propose several variants of a new aggregation framework that takes this into account by computing consensual affine transformations of each expert’s scores to reach a globally balanced view. Numerical comparisons with other aggregation methods, such as rank-based methods, Kemeny-Young scoring, and a maximum likelihood estimator, show that the new method gives significantly better results in practice. Moreover, the computation is practically affordable and scales well even to larger numbers of experts and objects.
CycleEmotionGAN: Emotional Semantic Consistency Preserved CycleGAN for Adapting Image Emotions
Authors: Zhao Sicheng , Lin Chuang , Xu Pengfei , Zhao Sendong , Guo Yuchen , Krishna Ravi , Ding Guiguang , Keutzer Kurt
Published: September 2019

Deep neural networks excel at learning from large-scale labeled training data, but cannot well generalize the learned knowledge to new domains or datasets. Domain adaptation studies how to transfer models trained on one labeled source domain to another sparsely labeled or unlabeled target domain. In this paper, we investigate the unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem in image emotion classification. Specifically, we develop a novel cycle-consistent adversarial model, termed CycleEmotionGAN, by enforcing emotional semantic consistency while adapting images cycleconsistently. By alternately optimizing the CycleGAN loss, the emotional semantic consistency loss, and the target classification loss, CycleEmotionGAN can adapt source domain images to have similar distributions to the target domain without using aligned image pairs. Simultaneously, the annotation information of the source images is preserved. Extensive experiments are conducted on the ArtPhoto and FI datasets, and the results demonstrate that CycleEmotionGAN significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art UDA approaches.
Relaxing and Restraining Queries for OBDA
Authors: Andreşel Medina , Ibáñez-García Yazmín , Ortiz Magdalena , Šimkus Mantas
Published: September 2019

We advocate the use of ontologies for relaxing and restraining queries, so that they retrieve either more or less answers, enabling the exploration of a given dataset. We propose a set of rewriting rules to relax and restrain conjunctive queries (CQs) over datasets mediated by an ontology written in a dialect of DL-Lite with complex role inclusions (CRIs). The addition of CRI enables the representation of knowledge about data involving ordered hierarchies of categories, in the style of multi-dimensional data models. Although CRIs in general destroy the first-order rewritability of CQs, we identify settings in which CQs remain rewritable.