bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poesía y economía en la Saga de Egill
Authors: Barreiro Santiago Francisco
Published: May 2021

This paper analyses the relationship between poetry and economics in Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar, a long narrative work in prosimetrum form composed in Iceland during the first half of the 13th Century. The study assesses the role of versifying as an economic activity as well as it provides information about production, consumption and exchange in the poems of the saga. Furthermore, it considers the relationship between the material aspects of life as displayed both in the saga prose and in its poetry. The analysis suggests that both are generally congruent, and thus the saga provides the audience with a sense of narrative and ideological unity in regard to these economic matters.
Prévalence d’anticorps dirigés contre les virus de la fièvre catarrhale ovine, de l’herpèsvirus bovin de type 1 et de la diarrhée bovine/maladie des muqueuses chez le buffle d’eau dans l’Etat de Minas Gerais, Brésil
Authors: Lage A.P. , Castro R.S. , Melo M.I.V. , Aguiar P.H.P. , Barreto Filho J.B. , Leite R.C.
Published: May 2021

Une étude sérologique visant à identifier les buffles porteurs d'anticorps dirigés contre les virus de la fièvre catarrhale ovine (BTV), de l'herpèsvirus de type 1 (BHV 1) et de la maladie des muqueuses (BVD) a été réalisée dans l'Etat de Minas Gerais, au Brésil. Dans 54,4 % des sérums testés, des anticorps précipitants anti-BTV ont été mis en évidence par immunodiffusion en gelose. Le test de séroneutralisation sur microplaque a montré que 14,7 % et 52,7 % des buffles présentaient respectivement des anticorps anti-BHV 1 et anti-BVD. La prévalence d'anticorps dirigés contre BTV était, de manière significative, inférieure chez les buffles d'eau âgés de moins de deux ans à celle observée chez les adultes.
Observations sur l’épidémiologie de la trypanosomose des ruminants dans l’Etat de Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Kalu A.U. , Lawani F.A.G.
Published: May 2021

L'épidémiologie de la trypanosomose des ruminants a été étudiée, pendant une période de deux années, dans l'Etat de Kano, Nigeria. La prévalence était de 5,3 ± 1,3 % (moyenne ± intervalle de confiance), 1,2 ± 1,6 % et 0,7 ± 1,3 % chez, respectivement, les bovins, les moutons et les chèvres. La fréquence de la trypanosomose des ruminants était plus élevée pendant la seconde année (6,1 %) que pendant la première (4,8 %). Les infections ont doublé pendant la saison des pluies (7,55 %) par rapport à la moyenne de 3,8 % pendant la saison sèche. La zone de végétation nord guinéenne a enregistré un taux d'infection élevé (région du gouvernement local de Tudun-Wala (LGA), 16,7 %) et était la seule zone où les mouches tsé-tsé (Glossina tachinoides) ont été rencontrées, alors que des mouches hématophages étaient également présentes dans la savane soudanienne; les tabanidés se trouvaient partout. Trois pour cent des troupeaux bovins étaient infectés par Trypanosoma vivax qui était responsable de 57,6 % de tous les cas qui pouvaient être diagnostiqués. Il est suggéré que le contrôle vectoriel dans la LGA et la chimioprévention pourraient briser le cycle de transmission de la trypanosomose chez les ruminants dans cette région.
Prévalence sérologique de l'oestrose ovine au Burkina Faso : estimation par la technique ELISA
Authors: Ouattara L. , Dorchies Philippe
Published: May 2021

Des sérums de 421 ovins Djallonké et sahéliens Bali Bali du Burkina Faso ont été analysés à l'aide du test ELISA de détection des anticorps utilisant un antigène brut de larves de stade 2 (L2) d'oestrus ovis. La prévalence moyenne de séropositifs était de 86,3 % sans différence significative entre les deux races. Les densités optiques (DO) par rapport à celle des sérums témoins positif et négatif de référence sont plus élevées chez les sahéliens avec des valeurs atteignant 450 % de la densité optique du positif, alors que chez les Djallonké la densité optique la plus élevée ne dépasse pas 250 % de la DO du même témoin de référence positif. Par ailleurs, chez les ovins sahéliens on note un faible nombre d'animaux très fortement positifs (intensité de la densité optique par rapport à celle du positif de référence). Les Djallonké par contre ont une distribution plus homogène dans l'intensité des réactions positives. Cette étude montre l'intérêt et la validité du dépistage sérologique par la méthode ELISA utilisée. Elle confirme la prévalence élevée de l'œstrose ovine chez des animaux porteurs sains, ce qui justifierait le contrôle stratégique de cette myiase.
Effet du passage par le tractus digestif des ruminants domestiques sur la germination des graines de légumineuses ligneuses des zones tropicales sèches
Authors: Danthu Pascal , Ickowicz Alexandre , Friot Dominique , Manga D. , Sarr Amadou
Published: May 2021

La survie et la germination des graines de sept espèces de légumineuses ligneuses (A. nilotica adansonii, A. raddiana, A. senegal, A. seyal, B. rufescens, F. albida et P. juliflora) ont été étudiées après ingestion et excrétion par des bovins, des ovins et des caprins. Cette étude montre que :
- les graines dures restent intactes et conservent leur viabilité après excrétion par les ruminants domestiques alors que les graines aux téguments perméables sont détruites;
- les bovins excrètent significativement plus de graines intactes que les petits ruminants. Cette différence semble liée essentiellement à l'activité masticatoire plus importante chez les ovins et les caprins;
- la germination des graines dures n'est pas améliorée après passage dans le tractus digestif des ruminants.
Au total, l'ingestion par les ruminants domestiques ne peut être considérée comme un facteur favorisant la levée de dormance des graines dures, mais seulement comme un moyen de dissémination de graines intactes.
Productivité des caprins dans les systèmes de production agricole du Delta du fleuve Sénégal
Authors: Tourrand Jean-François , Landais Etienne
Published: May 2021

A travers l'analyse de la productivité, les auteurs présentent les principaux paramètres zootechniques de cheptel caprin du Delta du fleuve Sénégal, et les comparent aux références disponibles pour la même et quelques autres grandes zones agro-écologiques tropicales. Avec une production annuelle moyenne par chèvre inférieure à un chevreau (0,85) qui pèse à trois mois un peu moins de 8 kg, les performances sont relativement faibles, quoique conformes aux normes régionales. Les auteurs présentent également les pratiques alimentaires qui permettent aux éleveurs peuls du Delta d'améliorer de manière sensible la productivité de leurs troupeaux, d'environ 35 à 40 %, et de valoriser ainsi le potentiel productif de leur cheptel caprin.
Effets génétiques et de l’environnement sur le poids à la naissance de moutons Foulbé (Peulh) au Cameroun
Authors: Ebangi A.L. , Mbah D.A. , Ngo Tama Anne Clarisse
Published: May 2021

De 1984 à 1990, les poids à la naissance de 607 agneaux nés de 266 mères ont été enregistrés. La population initiale était composée de moutons Foulbé non-sélectionnés et les ac-couplements se faisaient au hasard. Les animaux étaient entretenus sur la Station de recherches zootechniques et vétérinaires de Garoua (IRZV). Les résultats de l'analyse des données ont montré que l'âge moyen au premier agnelage était de 15 mois et que la majorité des brebis (57,7 %, n = 225) avait agnelé une fois seulement. Le maximum de fécondations a eu lieu au début et à la fin de la saison des pluies (mai et septembre). L'intervalle moyen entre mises bas compris entre 10,8 et 13,3 mois diminuait avec l'augmentation du rang de mise bas. Le sexe et l'interaction sexe x type de naissance n'ont pas d'effet sur le poids à la naissance (p > 0,01). D'autre part, l'effet aléatoire maternel et les effets fixes de l'année de naissance, de l'interaction d'année x mois de naissance, du type de naissance et de la parité étaient plus prononcés (p < 0,001) que l'effet mois de naissance (p < 0,01). Les estimations de l'héritabilité à partir de la régression de l'intervalle de mise bas de la descendance sur celui de la mère, du poids à la naissance de l'agneau sur celui de la brebis et à partir de la composante de la variance de la mère étaient 0,07, 0,35 et 0,45, respectivement.
Nouvelle approche pour l'estimation de l'âge des glossines par analyse d'image de l'aile
Authors: De La Rocque Stéphane , Geoffroy B. , Cuisance Dominique
Published: May 2021

Une première étude sur l'évaluation de l'âge de Glossina tachinoides Westwood, 1850, par analyse des niveaux de gris de l'aile est réalisée. Sur des lots de femelles provenant du laboratoire, cinq groupes apparaissent significativement différents. A condition d'être validée sur des glossines naturelles, cette méthode pourrait constituer une nouvelle approche de ce facteur important dans l'épidémiologie des trypanosomoses animales.
Evaluation de l'attractivité de Glossina palpalis palpalis vis-à-vis de l'homme et du porc dans la région de Daloa en Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Dagnogo M. , Traoré G. , Koné Mama
Published: May 2021

Des expériences de captures de G. p. palpalis ont été faites en utilisant le porc et l'homme dans le village de Noumousséria II (zone forestière de Daloa) en Côte d'Ivoire. L'analyse des résultats montre que : 1) les récoltes faites avec le porc sont 2,4 fois plus abondantes que celles réalisées avec l'homme; 2) le pourcentage de femelles capturées sur le porc est plus élevé (76,16 %) que celui des mâles alors que chez l'homme aucune différence n'apparaît entre les sexes; 3) l'amplitude des variations saisonnières est plus marquée chez le porc que chez l'homme. Du point de vue qualitatif, une similitude a été observée entre les échantillons de glossines prises avec le porc et ceux du piège biconique. Malgré le faible nombre de glossines marquées recapturées, il semblerait que les mouches tsé-tsé reviennent plus au porc (2 mouches tsé-tsé) qu'à l'homme (aucune)..
Composition chimique et dégradabilité enzymatique et in vitro d'espèces ligneuses arbustives utilisables par les ruminants dans les parcours extensifs de la Nouvelle Calédonie. I. Typologie
Authors: Corniaux Christian , Durand N. , Sarrailh Jean-Michel , Guérin Hubert
Published: May 2021

Cette étude, réalisée sur 45 espèces arbustives récoltées en Nouvelle Calédonie, a permis de mettre en évidence six groupes de ligneux fourragers caractérisés par leurs teneurs en éléments bruts et leurs dégradabilités enzymatiques et in vitro. Les espèces présentant des teneurs en matières azotées dégradables et des dégradabilités de la matière organique élevées sont les plus intéressantes sur le plan nutritionnel. Il s'agit notamment de Gliricidia septim, de Leucaena leucocephala, d'Acalypha grandis, de Samanea saman, d'Albizia lebbeck, d'Erythrina sp., d'Acacia farnesiana et de Sesbania grandiflora. En revanche, les données pour Desmanthus virgatus et, dans une moindre mesure, Acacia ampliceps sont décevantes.
La mesure des biomasses au pâturage
Authors: Daget Philippe
Published: May 2021

La végétation des pâturages étant par nature hétérogène, l'analyse de la biomasse par les méthodes classiques est inadéquate parce qu'elle est basée sur l'hypothèse de la distribution gaussienne des mesures faites sur des échantillons extraits d'une population homogène. Il est préférable de caractériser les biomasses par la médiane des observations et d'utiliser des tests non paramétriques pour les comparaisons.
Pondérer les espèces dans les formations herbacées très hautes
Authors: Daget Philippe , Konaté T.S.
Published: May 2021

Les méthodes d'inventaire classiques ne sont pas utilisables dans les formations herbacées très hautes (supérieures à 2 m). Les auteurs proposent de faire 33 observations par parcelle avec un quadrat en U de i m de côté. Dans chacune, on fait la liste des espèces pondérée par une note d'abondance-dominance simplifiée de 0 à 3. Les 33 notes sont additionnées pour obtenir la pondération définitive des espèces de la parcelle par des notes qui varient de 0 à 99.
Mesurer le recouvrement des ligneux dans les végétations ouvertes des pâturages
Authors: Daget Philippe
Published: May 2021

La mesure précise des recouvrements des espèces ligneuses dans les végétations ouvertes est indispensable, en particulier dans les études de dynamique. Elle est grandement facilitée par l'emploi de la jauge de Cooper, basée sur les principes du relascope de Bitterlich.
La violencia de género en España: Apuntes para la erradicación
Authors: Toribio del Hierro Alfonso
Published: May 2021

La violencia de género es un asunto controvertido, acaparador de portadas en los medios de comunicación y un problema social a escala mundial. Su estudio en profundidad para tratar de aportar unas directrices que encaminen a España a eliminar esta violencia es lo que pretende este trabajo. Desde la conceptualización y diferenciación entre sexo y género, desentrañaremos los causantes de este mal endémico y estudiaremos su origen histórico detenidamente. Ofreceremos una perspectiva detallada del caso español, así como una comparativa interpaís para ilustrar más representativamente el fenómeno. Atenderemos específicamente a una serie de prácticas, por la trascendencia y gravedad de las mismas como paradigma de la violencia contra la mujer: la mutilación genital femenina, la prostitución y la trata de seres humanos. Se explicarán las fortalezas y debilidades del caso español en la materia a través del análisis jurídico de la Ley 1/2004 y el Convenio de Estambul. Por último, a modo de conclusiones propositivas instamos a los poderes públicos a llevar a cabo una serie de medidas que consideramos imprescindibles para frenar la violencia machista, desde tener en cuenta y cumplir la agenda propuesta por el movimiento feminista hasta la protección constitucional de las mujeres obligándoles a luchar contra la violencia de género.
Protocolo de Prevenção e Tratamento de Infeções Associadas à Terapêutica Imunossupressora de Doenças Autoimunes
Authors: Valdoleiros Sofia R. , Furtado Isabel , Silva Carolina , Correia Gonçalves Inês , Santos Silva André , Vasconcelos Olga , Aboim Horta Ana , Vasconcelos A. Ludgero , Xará Sandra , Gonçalves Maria João , Araújo Abreu Miguel , Sarmento-Castro Rui
Published: May 2021

O presente protocolo aborda o risco, prevenção e tratamento da infeção no doente sob terapêutica imunomoduladora ou imunossupressora em contexto de doença autoimune ou autoinflamatória. Subdivide-se nas seguintes secções: fármacos e risco associado de infeção; imunizações; risco, prevenção e tratamento de infeções específicas. Com um número crescente de novos fármacos em utilização nos últimos anos, o tratamento de doenças autoimunes envolve a utilização de terapêuticas imunossupressoras ou imunomoduladoras e associa-se a aumento do risco de infeção, que pode estar presente de uma forma global ou apenas para infeções por agentes específicos, variando amplamente consoante a classe farmacológica e mesmo dentro desta. Na estruturação da estratégia preventiva são fundamentais a caracterização da patologia que motiva a imunossupressão, a compreensão do mecanismo de ação do imunossupressor, a aferição de infeções prévias, o reconhecimento de fatores de risco, a realização de rastreios laboratoriais, a administração de vacinas, a educação do doente e a monitorização de sintomas e sinais clínicos, na dependência de uma gestão clínica necessariamente individualizada.
Pistas para uma interpretação da Juventude Universitária Católica por meio da sociologia da juventude
Authors: Lima Filho Paulo César Limongi de
Published: May 2021

Este texto possui como objetivo investigar o movimento da Juventude Universitária Católica (JUC) por meio das teorias da juventude. Para isso, faremos primeiro um apanhado das teorias disponíveis sobre o assunto, dando destaque a um caso específico que uniu os temas da religião e juventude. Com intuito de apresentar a JUC, esse texto traça uma reconstrução histórica da sociogênese do movimento, narrando a trajetória do movimento até seu encerramento em 1966. Por fim, para compreender melhor o fenômeno da JUC, o texto se propõe a comparar a juventude juciana com a juventude católica da renovação carismática (RCC).
Motivação, inspiração, revelações
Authors: Olmos Rebellato Franco
Published: May 2021

O artigo descreve e analisa a circulação de práticas e discursos associados à espiritualidade Nova Era em circuitos de promoção da cultura empreendedora. Para tanto, é realizada uma análise dos discursos dos/as palestrantes e de seu quadro de enunciação em dois eventos públicos na cidade argentina de Córdoba, interessados na divulgação do “espírito empreendedor”: Experiencia Endeavor e 7 Reinas - Movimiento de Motivación Femenina. Embora provisórios, os resultados permitem refletir sobre as visões convencionais que concebem a esfera econômica como racional e secular. Da mesma forma, tais visões dão conta de um processo de reatualização e renovação do discurso gerencial contemporâneo, por meio da incorporação de práticas e discursos associados à espiritualidade Nova Era.
Controvérsias sobre o início da vida no STF
Authors: Sales Lilian
Published: May 2021

Esse artigo analisa duas controvérsias públicas relacionadas à “defesa da vida humana” estabelecidas em torno de duas ações julgadas pelo Superior Tribunal Federal, a primeiro referente à liberação das pesquisas com células tronco embrionárias e a segunda sobre a possibilidade da antecipação do parto de fetos anencéfalos. A defesa da vida humana desde a concepção é o argumento em torno do qual se organizaram os grupos contrários às duas ações. Nesse artigo identificaremos atores centrais envolvidos nas duas controvérsias e analisaremos as estratégias utilizadas por eles para construírem a adesão a suas “causas” – favoráveis ou contrárias às ações em julgamento.
Corpus paganus
Authors: Machado Rafael Siqueira , Bove Adrielle Luchi Coutinho
Published: May 2021

O trabalho tem por objetivo central analisar o fenômeno de canalização de divindades em um clã do neopaganismo celta no Brasil, situado Juiz de Fora (MG), enquanto fenômeno capaz de incitar discussões acerca da “realidade” de tais fenômenos. Nesse sentido os questionamentos centrais tangenciam as possibilidades analíticas de fenômenos desta natureza -sugeridas aqui por um recorte vinculado à antropologia fenomenológica - e as possíveis formas de análise sobre a expressão existencial das divindades, buscando se questionar sobre a possibilidade de tratar tais fenômenos como reais. A pesquisa foi realizada no primeiro fim de semana de novembro de 2018, complementada com conversas informais posteriores. Entre as conclusões, destacamos a constituição do contexto ritual como ambiente propício para o acontecimento do fenômeno, que se expressa em termos existenciais através de expressões corporais (sendo aqui o corpo um vetor existencial fenomênico), apresentando a realidade da divindade, ou seus modos de existência, pra citar o termo de Latour (2012), através do corpo no processo de canalização.
Olga Lidia Olivas Hernández. Danzar la frontera
Authors: Gutiérrez Zúñiga Cristina
Published: May 2021

Este libro es el fruto de un largo camino personal e intelectual de la autora, como danzante y como antropóloga. En él se da cuenta de cómo se experimenta la danza azteca en la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. Se trata de una etnografía multisituada de grupos de danzantes aztecas en las Californias: grupos de danzantes que siguen esta tradición y la recrean en las ciudades fronterizas de San Diego, Los Ángeles y Tijuana.
Onda conservadora e surgimento da nova direita cristã brasileira?
Authors: Burity Joanildo
Published: May 2021

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a onda conservadora que conecta religião e política no Brasil, no contexto pós-impeachment, anunciando um novo regime pós-democrático, desde a perspectiva da emergência política evangélico-pentecostal. O artigo se desenvolve em termos empíricos e teóricos, através da passagem por processos que resultaram em transformações para a mesma identidade política evangélica, em suas interações e disputas com outros três modelos alternativos de presença pública das religiões - a hierárquica católica, a de incidência ecumênica e a culturalizante das afro-brasileiras - e com demandas minoritárias que se tornaram ameaçadoras para setores conservadores da recente elite parlamentar e pastoral evangélica. O processo gerou uma construção pentecostal do povo que, começando com uma tentativa de autorrepresentação minoritária (i.e. de ser parte do povo), veio, nos últimos anos, devido a conflitos com outras demandas minoritárias, a uma emulação crescente do modelo “Tea Party” americano, que se orienta a impor uma representação totalizante do povo sobre outros grupos, em nome de uma lógica cristã majoritária produzida em articulação com setores da direita religiosa e secular.
Feeble Leap
Authors: Mikhailenko A.
Published: May 2021

These are the polemic remarks on Yu. Shishkov’s article published in the journal in 5-2011. The author expresses his agreement and/or disagreement with Shishkov’s position on the Belarusian-Russian cooperation in the field of economics and politics at the present stage.
International Financial Centers in Multi-Polar World
Authors: Khudyakova L.
Published: May 2021

The advanced development of the financial industry at the end of XX – the beginning of XXI centuries substantially increased global competition in this area. This is reflected in the willingness of many rapidly developing states and countries with economies in transition to establish the international financial centers (MFCs). Such centers are positioned as a kind of development projects that deserve special financial support from the national governments. The article considers the basic background and history of the MFCs, the trend to migrate from the East to the West. The author proposes a classification of these centers and analyses the main characteristics and features of new MFCs.
New Stage in Formation of Innovative Economy: Experience of France
Authors: Lapina N.
Published: May 2021

The author eexamines the policy initiated by French President Nicolas Sarkozy and aimed at the development of innovation. This policy is reflected by the support of high-tech industries, by the creation of scientific-industrial clusters, by the development of regional innovation networks, by upgrading of higher education and scientific research. Altogether it is to raise the France’s competitive force and to turn it into one of the leading powers of the world.
Macro-Determinants of Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Kolosnitsina M. , Sitdikov M.
Published: May 2021

In most developed countries it was realized long ago that it is easier to prevent deseases than to cure them. Among numerous factors determining human health, the first place belongs to the healthy lifestyle. Having analyzed factors determining a lifestyle, which can be the objects of control activity, the authors came to a conclusion that the results of healthy lifestyle modelling at a macro-level basically proved the interconnections already investigated at a micro-level, but also allowed to educe some new.
Regional Integration and Intra-Industry Trade of Engineering Products
Authors: Sokolov V.
Published: May 2021

In a modern world, the national economy plays a double role – of a sustainment mechanism for the population living within the appropriate territory, and of a link in the global value chain. The international labor division may be regarded as a labor division between nation-states. At the same time, the national economy is an open system where the exchange of goods, services, capitals and work force with external world happens to a greater or lesser degree, and which cannot exist without such exchange. The engineering industry has the greatest potential of the intra-industry division of labor. The engineering industry external commercial relations of three countries – the USA, Germany and China – are taken into investigation in the article.
Reasons of Russian Poverty: Structural and Mental Levels and Limits
Authors: Sitnova I.
Published: May 2021

The article says about the limitations of Russia's transformation, which manifested in the reform of post-communist societies. These limitations contribute to the development of poverty in Russia. The author interpretes them as mental restrictions associated with historical experience of the Russian society.
Catch-up Development: Speculative Concepts and Realities
Authors: Krasil’shchikov V.
Published: May 2021

Response to the publication of Yu. Shishkov
Problem of Yuan Undervaluation in US-China Trade Relations
Authors: Polivach A.
Published: May 2021

Before the world economic crisis the Chinese government restricted the sphere of the Yuan’s circulation exceptionally by the domestic market. Basically, until that time the Yuan was not freely convertible while the Chinese foreign trade transactions were operated with the help of the US dollar. This is a sufficient reason to state that the issue of Yuan’s underestimated exchange rate has no fundamental relevance. However, the crisis forced China to substantially extend the utilization of its national currency in the international settlements. This is especially true in case of mutual settlements with the neighbor countries. So far, presumably, the issue of Yuan’s underestimated exchange rate will, at last, receive a scientific validity only when the Chinese national currency will become fully convertible and the scales of its utilization will become comparable with those of the traditional hard currencies.
Regulation of Advertising Activities in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Gorlenko O.
Published: May 2021

Under the conditions of economic turbulence and dynamic development of the advertisement market in Russia the list of the measures regulating the advertising activities should be systematically reconsidered and amended. It is clear that execution of the respective measures is impossible without the political will because of the need in substantial financial contributions and organizational efforts. Only a systematic approach to the management of advertising activities can secure harmonization of the interests of business, state and society. This is a key prerequisite for reducing the scope of violations of the legislation on advertising and for increasing social responsibility of the business, thus protecting the consumers from misleading and unethical advertising. Ultimately, this is to make the advertising a tool not only for marketing goods and services but also for a revival of spiritual and moral values of the Russian people.
TNC: Civil and Political Control under Conditions of De-Nationalization
Authors: Pankevich N.
Published: May 2021

Modern transnational corporations go to the level of political subjectivity that allows them to enter into equal relationships with governmental institutions and, in many cases, even to dominate them. This process develops simultaneously both at the national and international levels. Under such circumstances, the structures of the civil society are increasingly offered as a universal regulator of the TNCs. The main advantages of these structures which are that they are not as tightly linked to the principle of territorial jurisdiction and can operate in the global political space not less freely than the TNCs themselves.
Regional Economic Unions of CIS Countries
Authors: Shumskii N.
Published: May 2021

For 20 years after the collapse of the USSR the post-Soviet countries, for the most part, turned into the independent states. So, it is not surprising that each of them has its own policy, posts and defends its own interests. The strive to preserve independence, to modernize the economy and to improve the living standards of the population remains the main driving force of interaction between the former Soviet republics within the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS serves as the main systemic structure in the post-Soviet space that allows the member states to harmonize their positions and, with varying degrees of effectiveness, to solve common problems. CIS provides more certainty than the regional grouping of states of the CIS. While assessing the results of different integration projects at the post-Soviet space, it can be concluded that until now Belarus and Russia fail to create a viable Union State. The Eurasian Economic Community (G5) is also far from the establishment of a customs union and an unified economic space. The fate of the Customs Union of three states (Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia) will be defined in the upcoming years in the context of the enormous challenges of creating a common market for goods, services, capital and labor.
The Beginning of the Putin's Era (2000–2008)
Authors: Cherkasov P.
Published: May 2021

Received 21.08.2020. The author of the article believes the beginning of the “Putin’s era” – the first two terms of his presidency (2000–2008) – to be generally successful for Russia. In eight years, the bases of the state shaken in the 1990s were strengthened, the threat of an intensive political struggle, which, however, lost much of its outdoor competitive nature, decreased, the economy became stronger, the living conditions of the population improved, the activity and influence of Russia in international affairs increased. This was largely due to the favorable global economic environment for Russia and, above all, high prices for energy resources, which were the main item of Russian exports. No less obvious were the personal achievements of President Putin, who managed to consolidate the unbalanced state, put an end to the pressure of oligarchs on authorities, restore the Kremlin’s control over regional elites, and extinguish hotbeds of separatism in Russia. He has built the very “vertical of power” for which his political opponents, both inside the country and abroad, will consistently criticize him. Having inherited Boris Yeltsin’s policy of developing cooperation with the West, Vladimir Putin at first continued to follow this path, but gradually became disillusioned with the sincerity of Western partners towards Russia. He was most concerned about the eastward expansion of NATO’s military infrastructure, its approach to Russian borders, and the West’s general reluctance to consider Russian interests. Putin openly expressed the accumulated claims against the United States and NATO in February 2007 at the Munich Security Conference. 2007 was a turning point in Putin’s foreign policy towards the West. Since then, the focus has been shifted to protecting Russia’s national interests. Within the country, for eight years, Putin had failed to create a modern, self-regulating and multi-level system of government. The destructive chaos of the 1990s was replaced by centralized “manual control” from the Kremlin, but it also worked with constant failures. The state apparatus, especially at the regional level, did not work effectively enough, and regional authorities often did not follow the orders of the President. The lessons of the first stage of the Putin’s era were: the reasonably required consolidation of the state, building the “vertical of power” often occurred at the expense of the civil society’s interests, the interests of consolidating and expanding democracy in Russia.
Seafood Industry in Norway’s Economic System
Authors: Kravchuk A.
Published: May 2021

Received 24.07.2020. Over the half of a century, the oil and gas industry remained a key sector of Norway’s economy, which had been receiving the highest governmental support. However, the situation has changed dramatically, since Oslo decided to reduce the volume of government investments in the petroleum industry, redirecting them to the assets of “green” companies. That decision initiated modernization of Norway’s seafood industry, which starts occupying a more prominent place in the country’s economy. In this paper, the author intends to study the current state of the Norwegian seafood industry and prospects for its development. Seafood makes up the country’s third export commodity by the value, sales volume of which increases annually. The government seeks to ensure further development of the industry avoiding the growth of negative environmental impacts. In order to achieve this goal Norway established a rigid system of state regulation, in both fishing and aquaculture, which bases on the principles of the ecosystem approach. Moreover, Oslo initiated several programs to find new technological solutions for seafood production. In fishing sector, it was decided to replace the old coastal vessels with high-tech ocean-going ones that ensure residue-free processing of extracted biological resources. Norway also started a new technological trend in the world aquaculture – construction of offshore fish farms – that will increase production volumes while reducing environmental risks related to the traditional net-pen aquaculture. The overall purpose of the Norwegian government is to increase profitability of its seafood industry, so in the future it could compensate for the shortfall in income of its oil and gas industry. Apart from that, particular attention in this paper paid to considering the Norwegian approach to fisheries regulation in maritime areas around Svalbard, where national interests of the parties to the Treaty of Paris collide. The author also analyses the role of a competition and cooperation in further development of Norway’s seafood industry.
Spatial Area Model for Covid-19 in Java Based on R-Shiny Web Framework
Authors: Bekti Rokhana Dwi , Setyawan Yudi , Laksminiasih Enik
Published: May 2021

The Covid-19 in Indonesia has had an impact on almost all lives, especially at economic, social, education, and health.. Efforts to prevent and reduce the number of cases are still ongoing. Likewise, research on the causes of the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak, drugs, vaccines, and the factors that influence it are still being carried out. This study analyzes the effect of Covid-19 on inflation and the effect of population density on Covid-19 in Java. The method used is area spatial modeling. To make it easier for researchers to analyze data, this study also developed a web application based on the R shiny framework. This application has displayed valid output from the results of its use and is in accordance with existing theories, and is able to make it easier for users to carry out Covid-19 analysis in Java using the area spatial model method. The estimation results of the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) show that the variable that has a significant effect on inflation is the inflation lag in the model with cumulative positive cases (α = 10%). This shows that the inflation of a province tends to be influenced by other neighboring provinces. Meanwhile, population density is also significant for Covid-19 positive cases (α = 5%).
Comparison of Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) Regression, Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression (ZINB) and Binomial Negative Hurdle Regression (HNB) to Model Daily Cigarette Consumption Data for Adult Population in Indonesia
Authors: Purnama Drajat Indra
Published: May 2021

Smoking is a habit that is not good for health. Smoking habits are generally practiced by adults but it is possible for teenagers to do so.The Report of Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance (SEATCA) entitled The Tobacco Control Atlas, ASEAN Region shows that Indonesia is the country with the highest number of smokers in ASEAN, namely 65.19 million people. This figure is equivalent to 34 percent of the total population of Indonesia in 2016. Based on these data, the authors are interested in modeling the daily cigarette consumption data for adults in Indonesia obtained from the 2015 Indonesia Family Life Survey. The variables used include the variable amount of cigarette consumption, education, level of welfare and income per month. The author wants to compare the best model that can be used to model the daily cigarette consumption of adults in Indonesia. The models being compared are Zero Inflated Poisson Regression (ZIP), Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression (ZINB) and Binomial Negative Hurdle Regression (HNB). The comparison results of the three models obtained that the best model is the Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) Regression model because it has the smallest Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) value.
Partition Dimension of Dutch Windmill Graph
Authors: Hasmawati Hasmawati , Nurwahyu Budi , Daming Ahmad Syukur , Amir Amir Kamal
Published: May 2021

Let be a connected graph G and -partition of  end . The coordinat to  is definition . If every twovertex is distinct  applies, then  is a called  partition of . The minimum k for which k-resolving partition of  is the partition dimension  and denoted with . In this paper, we investigates the partition dimensionfor a large Dutch windmill graph  for  and . We show that if  for some, forany.
A Witness in Red Stockings
Authors: Sher Emil
Published: May 2021

"There’s no pain on earth that doesn’t crave a benevolent witness,” says eleven-year-old Sarah Grimke in Sue Monk Kidd’s (2014) The Invention of Wings after she is humiliated at the hands of her mother. The benevolent witness is a ten-year-old slave named Handful. Although Monk’s novel is not intended for young readers, she has crafted a beautiful, singular phrase that transcends genre. The world of young adult literature is filled with benevolent witnesses. Armed with an unvarnished honesty, they describe the indescribable, take us to places we would otherwise never reach, lift the lid on bitter truths that cannot and should no longer be contained. They inject their insights with humor, a directness that can make us squirm or laugh or stop us in our tracks. Sometimes benevolent witnesses step forward decades after a scarring experience that has seared their soul and left a stain that no amount of revision-ism or skepticism can scrub away. It can take years before the world is ready to open its ears to cries that were initially muted, stunned into silence. Bodies of literature that are, in essence, testimonies-as-art aren’t simply hatched; those who live to chronicle the unspeakable must first believe they have the legitimacy to share their stories, and that journey can take a long time. A benevolent witness has to be ready to speak; the world has to be ready to listen.
El armorial de la iglesia de la Asunción de Priego de Córdoba (siglo XVII). Armerías, ennoblecimiento y formación de una élite local.
Authors: Valle Poras José Manuel
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se analiza uno de los más originales armoriales españoles del siglo XVII, que representa los escudos de armas de varios propietarios de sepulturas de la iglesia mayor parroquial de Priego de Córdoba. La metodología utilizada ha consistido en elaborar el perfil social de dichos individuos mediante la reconstrucción de cada una de sus respectivas genealogías y trayectorias familiares. Esto ha permitido constatar la frecuente existencia de recientes antepasados plebeyos de cierta capacidad económica, que fueron caballeros cuantiosos o miembros del Santo Oficio; también el momento en que varios individuos de estos linajes se convierten en jurados o regidores del concejo; y, finalmente, el posible registro posterior como hidalgos en algún padrón municipal. En esta coyuntura de ascenso social se sitúa la adquisición, por parte de tales familias, de los emblemas heráldicos recogidos en este armorial, que cumplen, por tanto, una clara función al servicio del ennoblecimiento. Por ello, y con el fin de ocultar la cercana condición pechera, las armerías fueron, no creaciones ex novo, sino usurpadas a linajes homónimos de más antigua y reconocida nobleza.
Los hidalgos de Getafe en los siglos XVIII y XIX. Ascenso social y milicia en las familias Pingarrón y Zapatero
Authors: Francos Sevilla Francisco Jose
Published: May 2021

Este artículo trata de investigar el acceso social de dos familias del Getafe del siglo XVIII y XIX, concretado en dos miembros de estas familias que, perteneciendo al estado general, en un contexto socio económico basado en la agricultura y pequeña empresa de servicios, a la sombra y con dependencia de la capital Madrid, por su mérito personal, formación y esfuerzo en la milicia, van a alcanzar los empleos más altos de su carrera y a ser reconocidos con dos títulos del reino. Tratando de contextualizar el estudio de estas familias, y su acceso social por la milicia, en las reformas militares, ascenso social, y cambios de la nobleza que supuso el cambio de dinastía que trajo la Guerra de Sucesión en el inicio del siglo XVIII.
Patrimonio, integración y ascenso social: la familia judeoconversa de los Torres. Entre Málaga e Italia
Authors: Rodríguez Linares Antonio
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo pretendemos estudiar a la familia judeoconversa de origen malagueño de los Torres y el patrimonio que fundó en dos de los contextos territoriales más importantes en los que se movió: su Málaga natal y la mitad sur de Italia. Para ello, nos apoyaremos en diferentes fuentes de carácter bibliográfico, web y archivístico, y seguiremos una metodología concreta, a través de la cual abordaremos, desde un punto de vista genealógico, la historia del linaje en cuestión (desde la época de su fundador hasta la consolidación de su ennoblecimiento), y llevaremos a cabo la descripción y análisis de algunos de sus bienes patrimoniales. El objetivo fundamental que perseguimos es el de tratar de asumir la fundación de estos últimos como una más de las diferentes estrategias que individuos y familias de origen hebraico –como la de los Torres– promovieron durante época moderna para facilitar su integración y ascenso social.
Los Mateo de Gilbert, Nobles, Barones y Ricoshombres de Aragón, y su descendencia
Authors: De Ascoz Planes Óscar
Published: May 2021

La realidad nobiliaria en los diferentes territorios que conformaron la Corona de Aragón, a diferencia de la organización estamental en Castilla, fue muy cambiante y rica, lo que en el reino de Aragón tuvo su particular reflejo en la organización de las Cortes, donde la nobleza tenía dos brazos, el de los barones y ricoshombres, que aglutinaba a la alta nobleza, y el de los caballeros e infanzones. En el presente artículo estudiaremos el privilegio de ricahombría de los Gilbert, excepcional por su naturaleza y condiciones de transmisión, y cómo a causa del mismo muchas familias de infanzones, descendientes de Leonor Gilbert y Rosellón, hija del concesionario del privilegio, quedaron elevadas a la cúspide de la pirámide nobiliaria aragonesa.
Pilot Study On The Value of Echocardiography Combined With Lung Ultrasound In The Diagnosis And Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Han Jing , Yang Xi , Xu Wei , Jin Ronghua , Liu Weiyuan , Ding Lei , Meng Sha , Li Jin , Zheng Ying , Li Haowen , Meng Fankun
Published: May 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between echocardiography results and lung ultrasound score (LUS) in coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients and to evaluate the impact of their combined application in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: Hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients who underwent lung ultrasound and echocardiography daily were included in this study. Patients with tricuspid regurgitation within 3 days of admission were enrolled, and the correlation and differences between their pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and LUS on days 3, 8, and 13 were compared. The inner diameter of the pulmonary artery root and the size of the atria and ventricles were also observed.Results: Pulmonary artery pressure within 3 days (on day 3, 8 and 13) of admission was positively correlated with LUS (r = 0.448, p = 0.003; r = 0.738, p = 0.000; r = 0.325, p = 0.036). On day 8 the values of both PAP and LUS were higher than their corresponding values on days 3 and 13 (p < 0.01). On day 8 the positive rate for increased PAP and LUS was 92.9% (39/42) and 90.5% (38/42), respectively, and the combined positive rate for these two was 97.6% (41/42). On day 8 the inner diameters of the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery differed significantly from their corresponding values on days 3 and 13 (p < 0.05).Conclusions: PAP is positively correlated with LUS. The two should be combined for a more informative assessment of the status of recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia.
DeephageTP: A Convolutional Neural Network Framework For Identifying Phage-Specific Proteins From Metagenomic Sequencing Data
Authors: Chu Yunmeng , Guo Shun , Cui Dachao , Fu Xiongfei , Ma Yingfei
Published: May 2021

Backgroud: Bacteriophage (phage) is the most abundant and diverse biological entity on the Earth. This makes it a challenge to identify and annotate phage genomes efficiently on a large scale.Results: Portal (portal protein), TerL (large terminase subunit protein), and TerS (small terminase subunit protein) are the three specific proteins of the tailed phage. Here, we develop a CNN (convolutional neural network)-based framework, DeephageTP, to identify the three protein sequences encoded by the metagenome data. The framework takes one-hot encoding data of the original protein sequences as the input and extracts the predictive features in the process of modeling. To overcome the false positive problem, a cutoff-loss-value strategy is introduced based on the distributions of the loss values of the sequences within the same category. The proposed model with the set of cutoff-loss-values demonstrates high performance in terms of Precision in identifying TerL and Portal sequences (94% and 90%, respectively) from the mimic metagenomic dataset. Finally, we tested the efficacy of the framework using three real metagenomic datasets, and the result shows that compared to the conventional alignment-based methods, our proposed framework has a particular advantage in identifying the novel phage-specific protein sequences of portal and TerL with remote homology to their counterparts in the training dataset.Conclusions: In summary, our study for the first time develops a CNN-based framework for identifying the phage-specific protein sequences with high complexity and low conservation, and this framework will help us find novel phages in metagenomic sequencing data. The DeephageTP is available at https://github.com/chuym726/DeephageTP.
Race/ethnicity is an Important Predictor of Life Expectancy in Localized Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Würnschimmel Christoph , Nocera Luigi , Wenzel Mike , Ruvolo Claudia Collà , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Briganti Alberto , Shariat Sharokh F. , Mirone Vincenzo , Chun Felix K.H. , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Karakiewicz Pierre I.
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE:To test the effect of race/ethnicity on Social Security Administration (SSA) life tables’ life-expectancy (LE) predictions in localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with either radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). We hypothesized that LE will be affected by race/ethnicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We relied on the 2004-2006 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to identify D’Amico intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients treated with either RP or EBRT. SSA life tables were used to compute 10-year LE predictions and were compared to OS. Stratification was performed according to treatment type (RP/EBRT) and race/ethnicity (Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian). RESULTS:Of 55,383 assessable patients, 40,490 were Caucasian (RP 49.3% vs. EBRT 50.7%), 7,194 African-American (RP 41.3% vs. EBRT 50.7%), 4,716 Hispanic/Latino (RP 51.0% vs. EBRT 49.0%) and 2,983 were Asian (RP 41.6% vs. EBRT 58.4%). In both RP and EBRT patients, OS exceeded life tables’ LE predictions, except for African-Americans. However, in RP patients, the magnitude of the difference was greater than in EBRT. Moreover, in RP patients, OS of African-Americans virtually perfectly followed predicted LE. Conversely, in EBRT patients, the OS of African-American patients was worse than predicted LE. CONCLUSIONS:OS in RP and EBRT treated PCa patients is invariably better than respective life tables’ derived LE predictions for Caucasians, Hispanic/Latinos and Asians, but not for African-Americans. The recorded survival disadvantage in African-American RP and EBRT patients, and if applicable also in other African-American populations, warrants detailed consideration and possibly corrective measures.