bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Perception and Practice of Safety Measures Related to Workplace Hazards among Manual Stone Crushing Workers in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Kaoje Aminu U. , Haliru Ladan , Raji Mansur O. , Ango Umar M. , Ango Jessica T.
Published: March 2019

Background: Although manual stone crushing activities provide income to families, the working conditions are often unhealthy and dangerous and employees are ignorantly exposed to different hazardous materials particularly dust particles.

Objectives: To assess Knowledge, perception, and Practice of occupational safety measures related to workplace hazards among manual stone crushing workers.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 156 informal small-scale quarries for construction materials workers in Sokoto metropolis. The respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique and data collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Descriptive, bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and results presented in tables.

Results: Respondents median age was 23 years, interquartile range: 18.3 – 28.0. Adolescents and young adults accounted for 54.4% of the workforce. All the respondents were males and 69.9% had no formal education. Only 25% had good knowledge of workplace hazard and as high as 63% have a low-risk perception of the hazards. Very few (7.7%) reported the use of personal protective equipment. Only awareness of disease risk (aOR =5.25, P <0.001) was the predictor of respondents’ knowledge of workplace hazards. Predictors for risk perception level of workplace hazards were respondents’ knowledge (aOR = 0.33, p˂0.01); Aware of risk of disease (aOR =2.92, P <0.01); and employment status (aOR = 0.31, p˂0.03).

Conclusions: Poor knowledge and low-risk perception of workplace hazards are very prevalent among workers and very few reported use of personal protective equipment. Training and awareness creation on workplace hazards are highly recommended.
Accuracy of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis and Correlation with Histopathology
Authors: Shrestha Aimandu , Khadka Hensan , Poudel Baburam , Basnet Ranga Bahadur , Basnet Siv Bahadur
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition; yet its diagnosis can be elusive at times and missed diagnosis can lead to attendant complications of perforation and its sequelae. On the contrary, negative appendectomy subjects one to unnecessary surgery and its physiological and psychological consequences. Among the various available modalities of diagnosis of appendicitis, Ultrasonography(USG) is easily accessible, non invasive, less time consuming, low cost investigation no radiation hazards. So, USG is appropriate diagnostic modality in our country.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out from January 2011 to June 2011, in the radiology department of Bir hospital. Total of 80 cases with clinical impression of acute appendicitis were enrolled. These patients underwent surgery for suspected acute appendicitis. Details of signs and symptoms, lab findings including Total Leukocyte count (TLC), Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC) and USG findings were recorded. Intra-operative and histopathology findings were also recorded. The findings were analyzed to assess accuracy of ultrasonography in acute appendicitis. Histopathological report was considered the goal standard.Results: A total of 93 cases clinically diagnosed as acute appendicitis were subjected for USG. Out of 93 cases, 80 cases underwent surgery. Among 80 cases, sonography showed acute appendicitis in 56 cases out of which 54 was proved by histopathology as well. However, ultrasonography was not able to detect appendicitis in 9 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of USG for acute appendicitis were 87.7% and 88.2% respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 96.4% and 62.5% respectively. Overall negative appendectomy rate of 21.2% had been used a basis for decision making, the rate of error being 13.7%.Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a fairly accurate and safe modality in acute appendicitis. It can be useful in reducing negative appendectomy rate.
Realization of Students’ Academic Rights: Russia in the Bologna Process
Authors: Romanova G. M. , Erdakova V. P. , Maznichenko M. A.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the existing practice of realizing students’ academic rights in Russia in comparison with foreign countries (USA, European Union) and in the context of the key principles of the Bologna process (quality assurance, use of the credit system (ECTS), increased mobility, lifelong learning, student-centeredness, social dimension and social accessibility). The article dwells on the features of the domestic practice of the implementation of students’ academic rights distinct from the European and the United States, including those associated with different traditions of legal regulation and different mentality of participants in educational relations. The following conclusions were made: (1) the composition of academic rights, their legislative regulation and the practice of implementation in Russia and abroad have significant differences; (2) as compared with foreign students, Russian students are less active in exercising and defending their academic rights; (3) in the Russian practice of exercising academic rights there is a number of problems that do not allow the full implementation of the principles of the Bologna process; (4) for the full implementation of these principles, it is necessary to improve the domestic practice of the implementation of students’ academic rights.
Engineering Education and Labor Efficiency Skills: Experience of Portugal
Authors: Restivo M. T. , Ziyatdinova Ju. N.
Published: March 2019

In the future, the work of individual engineers, performance skills and, consequently, their efficiency are likely to be conceptualized and driven based on different methodologies, approaches and initiatives. Such capabilities may be conveyed by a number of disciplines and other academic opportunities along the engineering degree programs. Taking into account the goals of the “Integrative Training of Line Engineers at Oil, Gas and Chemical Enterprises for Increasing Labor Efficiency” Synergy-2018, the authors attempted to convey the personal perception of how to contribute, at various organizational/institutional levels, to the labor efficiency skills of engineering students. The aim of the analysis is twofold: i) exploring Institutional agendas aligned with this context and ii) consider the result of the personal efforts in a lab oriented both to engineering education and to R&D activities.
BİR DELİLİĞE SIĞINMA HİKÂYESİ: KIZIL ÇÖL
Authors: NACAR Evrim
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada Kızıl Çöl filminin başkarakteri Guiliana’nın hayata dair anlam yaratma çabası değil kadının hayata anlamsız, yitik bakışının kendisi tartışılmıştır. Anlamın mülkiyetle olan ilişkisi ve modern zaman insanının çevresine olan aidiyeti Heidegger’in “Das Man” kavramı çerçevesinde ele alınmış; çevrenin manyetik çekimine olan karşı koyma edimi ise yurtsuzluk hissi ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Kızıl Çöl’de Michelangelo Antonioni’nin diğer filmlerinde de karşımıza çıkan parçalanmış anların sessizliğinden ziyade kişilerarası iletişimsizliğin yarattığı kederli uzaklığı tecrübe ederiz. Bu anlamda sessizliğin yarattığı hüzün ve çaresizlik açıklanmaya; Guiliana’nın geçirdiği kazadan sonra yitirdiği her bir anlama karşılık gelen her rengin gizemi çözülmeye çalışılmıştır.
Single Grain (U-Th)/He Ages from EET14074, an Acapulcoite Meteorite
Authors: Anderkin Christian James
Published: March 2019

EET14074 is a member of the acapulcoite-lodranite family of meteorites and was discovered in Antarctica in 2014 by the Korean Polar Research Institute (KOPRI).  Herein, we obtained (U-Th)/He ages from 20 phosphate aggregates in EET14074 to constrain the sample’s thermal history. The ages range between 116.8 Ma ± 145.7 Ma (1σ) and 4211.5 Ma ± 1089.1 Ma, with an average of 2530 ± 260 Ma (n=20). Excluding outlier ages with large uncertainties, the 13 most concentrated ages yielded a theoretical minimum age of 3000 ± 150 Ma. This age corresponds to a fraction helium loss (f) of ~31% assuming crystallization age of ~4.55 Ga. The uranium abundances in single aliquots are in the range of 1.52 - 289.93 fmol, with an average of 58.00 fmol (n = 20), whereas the thorium abundance ranges between 2.51 and 2337.06 fmol with an average of 1149.29 fmol (n = 20). To explain the observed He loss, thermal diffusion modeling was performed with an assumption that the He loss occurred during a recent passage of the meteorite in Earth’s atmosphere. For the most likely t-T condition of compressional heating in Earth’s atmosphere of this meteorite (T = ~430 ˚C, t = ~10 sec), a fractional loss of 29.3% was calculated when the diffusion domain radius (r) of 92.8 µm was assumed. This estimation is nearly indistinguishable from the observed fractional loss of 31.3%. Additionally, diffusion modeling for another set of data with a different size (r = 40.4 µm) yielded a very similar fractional loss. Therefore, the observed (U-Th)/He age distribution is likely derived from compressional heating during the passage of EET14074 in Earth’s atmosphere.
Weathering in the Glacial Foreland of Southern and Western Greenland
Authors: Da Prat Fabio Alessandro , Martin Ellen
Published: March 2019

Glaciers physically grind up underlying rock and create fine-grained sediment that has a high potential for chemical weathering. Subsequent weathering of these sediments produces solutes, including nutrients and radiogenic isotopes, which are transported by streams to the world’s oceans where they can impact primary productivity and record past ice sheet activity. Previous research on the geochemistry of bedrock, bedload sediment and stream waters demonstrated that the extent of chemical weathering varies across a transect in western Greenland due to variations in either exposure age or precipitation (Scribner et al., 2015), and that variations in the extent of weathering associated with retreat of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) may account for observed trends in solutes during the last deglacial period. This project adds a new study area in southern Greenland that has higher precipitation, more vegetation, a different lithology, and a range of exposure ages, to address the leading factors contributing to the extent of weathering. Based on the relative proportions of cations and percent change between Na+K concentrations of bedload to waters, the southern region is undergoing less extensive weathering than the western transect, which suggests that lithology may be an important driver of weathering, and that exposure age and precipitation are less important factors than expected. The results also suggest there are additional factors that contribute to weathering that were not accounted for in this study, such as dissolved organic matter and microbial activity.
Pleat Effects With Alternative Materials and Finishing Methods
Authors: ACAR Sedef , MERİÇ Derya , KURTULDU Elif
Published: March 2019

In this study, various pleating methods formed by shrinking and finishing are experienced as an alternative to the pleats formed with weaving method, numerical and visual values of these methods were determined and in the conclusion part, their contributions to new design ideas were analyzed. In the experimental study, the factors such as weaving method, structure, and density were kept at standard values, besides polyurethane-elastomer, wool and cotton yarns that could shrink under different conditions were used as variable groups. As a result, it was observed that the results obtained from the fabrics passing through alternative processes such as the use of elastomer, fulling, and caustic soda application, supported ‘the local shrinking on fabrics and clothes’ idea.
A RESEARCH ON DETERMINING OPTIMUM SPLICING METHOD IN TERMS OF FIBER TYPES AND YARN COUNT
Authors: UYANIK Seval
Published: March 2019

The quality of the splice made in the yarn is very important in terms of final yarn performance. The yarn ends are not spliced well; the yarn breaking strength and elongation are reduced, resulting in too many breaks in the machines during fabric production and consequently low yield. Many methods, which are pneumatic method, the mechanical method, the pneu-mechanical method and electrostatic method, are used for splicing. Among them, pneumatic splicing is the most popular. In this study, it was aimed to investigate spliced yarn performances in terms of three types of splicing methods including air splicing, wet splicing and mechanical splicing known as twin splicing, and to reveal optimum splicing method in terms of fiber type and yarn count. For this aim, a total of twenty seven ring yarns as pure and blended containing different raw materials, which are cotton, viscose, polyester, modal and acrylic, were produced with different yarn counts having Ne 20, Ne 30 and Ne 40. The obtained yarn samples were spliced in different splicers including air splicer, wet splicer, and twin splicer on Savio Polar IDLS winding machine. The strength and elongation values of spliced yarns were measured with Mesdan-Lab Splice Scanner-3. The measurements were compared to each other and the values before splicing. The study results revealed that twin splicer is the best for cotton fiber and acrylic fiber, whereas it is the worst for regenerated cellulosic fibers, all splicer types can be used for polyester fiber, and the best splicer type is air splicer for fine yarns whereas it is twin splicer for coarse yarns.
DEVELOPING AN INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION AND REPORTING SYSTEM FOR FABRIC INSPECTION MACHINES
Authors: ARIKAN CIHAT OKAN
Published: March 2019

In textile companies, the detection of
flaws and unacceptable areas of fabrics at the quality control stage has great
importance for apparel production, although it is also a post-manufacturing
operation for weaving and knitting mills, today it is still mostly being
carried out on the guidance of human perception and sensory abilities. Such
quality control operations are based on the attendant employee’s detection of
the flaws and the unacceptable areas by visual inspection and scanning the
overall fabric structure which is being transported on a brightly illuminated
straight plane. The detected flaws during the scanning operation are recorded
on the flaw charts and these outcomes subsequently are subjected to the quality
control supervisor’s evaluation and thereafter, it is decided whether the
related inspection reports would exemplify an appropriate fabric to be used in
production or not. In this study, it is aimed to develop a new system which
enables to integrate the empirical paperwork-based reports that are still being
commonly utilized by the majority of the textile companies in to the
contemporary technology and also allows to compare such reports with the
previous ones when it is necessary. The proposed system development consists of
a fabric inspection machine which is equipped with a PLC-controlled digital
display or in other words an intelligent control, and a web based software that
enables the controller to analyze the reports comprehensively and
simultaneously those of produced by this system,  The system, which renders paperwork reports
obsolete, allows the reports to be viewed on computer screens as soon as the
inspection was completed, and all of the fabric rolls within the same order,
multiple batches or bundles to be displayed on a single screen. Thus, it
permits to determine the usability of the fabric for the production via
employing the 4-points system which is one of the prevailing methods for
quality control procedures in the industry. Consequently, it is aimed to
achieve significant time and labor savings in textile companies via utilizing
this new developed system.
AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL NA PREVENÇÃO DA OBESIDADE E NA RECUPERAÇÃO DA SAÚDE DE ESCOLARES: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Gonçalves Renan Braga , Dias Luiza Cristina Godim Domingues , Cintra Renata Maria Galvão de Campos
Published: March 2019

The management of obesity in childhood may be more difficult than in adulthood, since the child is subject to the influence of the lifestyle of his relatives. Those with incorrect eating habits tend to become obese in adolescence and adulthood. Therefore, the prevention of obesity and other health problems should occur from the fetal period and soon after birth, continuing for the rest of life. Therefore, it is important that adequate pedagogical proposals become effective in schools to minimize the barrier between theory and practice, as well as to develop teaching-learning activites about healthy eating. Teaching children the importance of healthy nutrition and giving them subsidies for them to practice is the best way to train adults with good eating habits. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the contributions of feeding and nutritional education activities in the prevention and fight against obesity in schoolchildren, by means of an integrative review of the literature.
ÍNDICE DE RESTO INGESTÃO E SOBRAS ALIMENTARES DE UM SERVIÇO DE NUTRIÇÃO E DIETÉTICA LOCALIZADO NO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Beal Juliana Cassuboski , Fritz Rosani Elira , Cozer Mirian
Published: March 2019

The Health System Food and Nutrition Units are designed to produce and offer balanced meals, establishing dietary patterns, maintaining and restoring the health of the individual. The control of dirty in leftover ingestion can lower costs and organic waste. The objective of the study is to quantify and analyze the leftover intake i meals served to patients, and ingestion of dirty leftovers in collective meals of a Food and Nutrition Unit, located in the Southwest of Paraná. The data were collected in two weeks, being developed in two stages. The first was the determination of the leftover ingestion and dirty remains of the healthy collective, and the second quantification of the rest intake by the patients community. Two scales were used to obtain the total weight of the food distributed in the cafeteria. Vats were weighed, before and after lunch. The garbage bags were weighed in order to quantify the leftover ingestion. The results of total leftovers showed an average of 44.71 kg / day, with a percentage of 44.19% being unacceptable. The leftover intake presented 8.72%, being classified as bad with this waste331 people could be fed. In order to measure the leftover intake by the diseased community, the weights of three lunch boxes were collected; the number of boxes wss added, resulting in kilos of food distributed for the day. Weighing the bags of garbage, was 19.02 kg / day, representing 28.36% of leftover ingestion, being above the acceptable of up to 20%. Based on this data, 148 people could be fed, making it necessary to take in consideration organoleptic criteria, satisfaction surveys, their preferences and nutritional needs, both for the healthy and the diseased group.
Segmentação de mercado: o perfil do consumidor gay masculino
Authors: Sillva Sidney Pereira da , Stettiner Caio Flavio , Moia Roberto Padilha , Junger Alex Paubel
Published: March 2019

O artigo buscou identificar e analisar de que forma o consumidor gay se comporta, quais são os hábitos de consumo e como eles avaliam a comunicação direcionada para o segmento. Para desenvolvimento do artigo foi aplicado um questionário, com 43 perguntas, por meio de plataforma online com foco em três eixos: 1o dados demográficos; 2o dados sobre hábitos de consumo e 3o dados sobre as motivações e influencias antes e depois da compra de produtos. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram uma tendência na qual a maioria dos entrevistados da amostra possuem ensino superior e aproximadamente um quarto (19,52%) tem união estável. Eles percebem quando as marcas estão apenas atrás do dinheiro do segmento. Nenhum dos entrevistados levantou bandeira para que as campanhas de marketing sejam obrigadas a incluir gays ou para tratá-los diferentes dos outros consumidores, mas indicam que a forma natural e inclusiva, sem diferenciá-los dos heterossexuais, é o caminho para as equipes de marketing trabalharem.
Articulação entre argumentação e práticas conceituais, epistêmicas e sociais na sala de aula de Ciências
Authors: Almeida Willa Nayana Corrêa , Malheiro João Manoel da Silva
Published: March 2019

O propósito deste ensaio é discutir a possibilidade de articulação entre a argumentação, na perspectiva do padrão de Toulmin, e o desenvolvimento de práticas conceituais, epistêmicas e sociais no ensino de Ciências, a partir de pesquisas científicas nacionais e internacionais. Para alcançar tal intenção, realiza-se uma investigação de abordagem qualitativa, na qual desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos científicos relacionados a temática, considerando a contribuição de diversificados autores. Os estudos evidenciam a relevância da articulação do processo argumentativo e as práticas conceituais, epistêmicas e sociais durante a construção do conhecimento científico, destacando a necessidade de um ambiente propício para que tal harmonização ocorra. Além disso, as ações argumentativas dependem do trabalho do educador como autoridade epistêmica e social que promove o desenvolvimento dos debates e defesas de ideias para o aprofundamento do entendimento dos temas abordados. Conclui-se que a harmonização entre as argumentações estruturalmente válidas e as diferentes práticas conceituais, epistêmicas e sociais é percebida como constitutiva da construção de uma forma de olhar, dar sentido aos fenômenos e legitimar os conhecimentos produzidos na perspectiva da Ciência escolar.
Analysis of Tax Amnesty Disclosures, Tax Avoidance, and Firm Value
Authors: Pratama Arie
Published: March 2019

This research tried to investigate the relationship between tax amnesty disclosures, as mandated by Indonesia’s Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 70, the level of tax avoidance, and the firm value. This research used 34 samples of public listed companies that participate in 2016 tax amnesty program. Researcher used spearman-rho correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression to analyze the data. This research showed two results. First, there is a moderate negative relationship between tax amnesty disclosure level and tax avoidance level, indicate that necessity for tax amnesty disclosure will be reduced if the company had the lower level of tax avoidance. Second, this research also showed that tax avoidance level and tax amnesty disclosure level had the negative significant effect toward firm value. It is implied that tax amnesty and tax avoidance were two negative actions that reduce the investor trust’s in the company.
Türkiye’de 1980 Sonrası Kamu Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dönüşüm: Maaş Rejiminden Ücret Rejimine Geçiş
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Kubilay
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada sağlık hizmetlerinde ücret esnekliği çerçevesinde gerçekleşen maaş-ücret temelli dönüşümün ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu dönüşümü açıklamak amacıyla Resmi Gazete, mevzuat, Maliye Bakanlığı ve Sağlık Bakanlığının yayımlanmış verilerinden faydalanılmış, örneklem olarak Ankara ilinde faaliyet gösteren iki eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin performansa göre ödeme verilerinden faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma kapsamında elde edilen veriler kamu sağlık hizmetlerinde görülen istihdam ve çalışma süresi esnekliğinin yanında ücret esnekliğinin de performansa göre ödemeyle uygulandığını göstermektedir. Kamu sağlık hizmetlerinde ücret esnekliğine yönelik politikalar, “etkin devlet” vurgusu çerçevesinde mali sürdürülebilirlik amacıyla uygulanmıştır
Türkiye’de Siyasal Söylemin Değişen ve Değişmeyen Değer Öncelikleri: 2002, 2007 ve 2011 Seçim Söylemleri Üzerine Bir Değer Analizi
Authors: KÖSE Aynur
Published: March 2019

Siyasal aktörlerin seçim dönemlerindeki söylemlerinin değerler açısından incelendiği bu araştırmada, seçmenin beklentilerine karşılık vermek amacıyla söylemlerde hangi değerlere atıf yapıldığı incelenmiştir. Siyasal aktörlerin 3 Kasım 2002, 22 Temmuz 2007 ve 12 Haziran 2011 seçim dönemlerinde seçmeni ikna etmek için hangi beklenti ve değerlere seslendikleri, siyasetin değişen ve değişmeyen değer öncelikleri ve bunlar sonucunda Türkiye siyasetinin değer önceliklerine göre sıralanmış hiyerarşik değer sistemi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. 2000 sonrası Türkiye siyasetinin önemli ve değişmeyen aktörleri olarak AKP, CHP ve MHP’li siyasal aktörlerin bahsedilen seçim dönemlerinde gazetelere yansıyan söylemleri incelenmiştir. Schwartz Değer Ölçeği’nde yer alan değerlerin analiz kategorileri olarak kullanıldığı bir nitel içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda incelenen üç seçim döneminde üç siyasi partinin temsilcilerinin de en fazla atıf yaptıkları ilk dört değerin, sırası değişmekle birlikte, aynı olduğu saptanmıştır. Türkiye siyasetinde sıradan politik kültürün ortak iyisini temsil eden bu değerlerin başarılı olmak, kendi amaçlarını belirlemek, sorumluluk sahibi olmak ve dürüstlük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’de siyasal söylemin ortak bir siyasal popüler kültürden beslendiği ve kazanan ya da kaybeden parti farkı olmaksızın benzer değerlere yaslanan söylemlerle seçmenin ikna edilmeye çalışıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
FAKTOR RISIKO BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN FAKTOR KEHAMILAN (Studi di Puskesmas Margorejo dan Puskesmas Juwana di Kabupaten Pati)
Authors: Ernawati Aeda
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHQuality of health care and pregnancy factors affect the development of the fetus. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of health care and pregnancy factors on the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) including: antenatal completeness, the frequency of antenatal, maternal weight during pregnancy, a history of hyperemesis gravidarum, and gestational age at birth. This study uses case control design with sample of 32 cases and 32 controls. Statistical test uses chi square and risk estimation uses odds ratios. The results show that antenatal completeness (OR = 4.911 and p = 0.009), gestational age at birth (OR = 4.592 and p = 0.010) and hyperemesis gravidarum experienced by the mother during pregnancy (OR = 4.200 and p = 0.029) are risk factors of LBW in Public Health Center Juwana and Margorejo. The cooperation among health workers is needed to improve knowledge of pregnant women regarding the importance of completed antenatal care. In addition, it is important to raise awareness for pregnant women about the problems during pregnancy so that the problems can be addressed immediately. INDONESIAKualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan faktor kehamilan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan faktor kehamilan terhadap kejadian Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR) yang meliputi: kelengkapan pemeriksaan antenatal, frekuensi pemeriksaan antenatal, kenaikan berat badan ibu saat hamil, riwayat hiperemesis gravidarum, dan umur kehamilan pada saat bayi lahir. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing 32 responden. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square dan estimasi risiko menggunakan odd rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelengkapan pemeriksaan antenatal (OR = 4,911 dan p = 0,009), umur kehamilan saat bayi dilahirkan (OR = 4,592 dan p = 0,010) dan hiperemesis gravidarum yang dialami ibu selama hamil (OR = 4,200 dan p = 0,029) menjadi faktor risiko kejadian BBLR di Puskesmas Juwana dan Puskesmas Margorejo. Perlu kerja sama semua tenaga kesehatan untuk meningkatkan informasi kepada ibu hamil tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan antenatal secara lengkap serta memotivasi ibu hamil dan keluarganya untuk meningkatkan kepekaan terhadap masalah yang dihadapi selama kehamilan sehingga jika ada masalah dapat segera diatasi.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP TERJADINYA HIPERTENSI PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II (Studi di Wilayah Puskesmas Kabupaten Pati)
Authors: Sari Gracilaria Puspa , Samekto Marek , Adi Mateus Sakundarno
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHThe prevalence of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients is 1,5-3 times higher than in nondiabetic The objectives of this research is to explain the risk factors affecting hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients. The research used an observational studies with case-control study design in Primary Healthcare Centers patients in Pati Regency of 2014. Case group were 57 patients with hypertension in type 2 diabetes, while control group were the type 2 diabetes patients without hypertension. Data were obtained from medical records and qualitative interviews. Chi-square test in bivariate and multiple logistic regression in multivariate analysis. This study has been obtained ethical clearance from The Ethical Committee of Health Research Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University or dr. Kariadi Hospital. Results : factors that influence hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients were physical activity (OR=6.4; 95% CI: 2.18-18.77; p=0.001), diabetes duration ≥ 5 years (OR=5.4; 95% CI: 1.97 – 14.704; p=0.001), and medication adherence (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.32-9.83; p=0.012). Other risk factors that not significantly influenced were age ≥45 years, male, diet compliance, history of hypertension, smoking, salt consumption, coffee consumption, and sleep duration. INDONESIAPrevalensi hipertensi pada penderita DM tipe 2 lebih tinggi dibandingkan non DM tipe 2. Tujuan penelitian untuk menjelaskan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya hipertensi pada penderita DM tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kabupaten Pati tahun 2014. Jenis Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol pada pasien Puskesmas. Kelompok kasus adalah 57 pasien DM tipe 2 dengan hipertensi sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah 57 pasien DM tipe 2 tanpa hipertensi. Data diperoleh dari observasi catatan medis dan wawancara. Uji chi-square pada analisis bivariat dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik ganda. Penelitian ini telah memdapatkan Ethical clearance dari Komisi Etik FK UNDIP/RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. Hasil Penelitian : faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya hipertensi pada penderita DM tipe 2 adalah aktivitas fisik kurang (OR=6,4; 95% CI: 2,18 - 18,77; p=0,001), lama menderita DM ≥5 tahun (OR=5,4; 95% CI: 1,97 - 14,704; p=0,001), dan kepatuhan minum obat DM (OR=3,6; 95% CI: 1,32 - 9,83; p=0,012). Faktor yang tidak berpengaruh adalah : usia ≥45 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki, kepatuhan diet DM, riwayat hipertensi, kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan makan asin, kebiasaan minum kopi, dan lama waktu tidur.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON MYCOVIRUSES AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT
Authors: Abid Muniba , Khan Muhammad A.U. , Mushtaq Sehrish , Afzaal Sohaib , Haider Muhammad S.
Published: March 2019

Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi. They have been reported in all major taxa of fungi. Generally extracellular phase is not present in mycoviruses and are transmitted during cell division intracellularly in sporogenesis, and/or hyphal anastomosis. The genome of mycoviruses has dsRNA, but a number of positive- or negative-strand ssRNA and ssDNA viruses have been isolated and characterized. There is an increasing interest for use of mycoviruses as novel biocontrol agent as they reduce the virulence of their phytopathogeinc fungal hosts. Mycoviruses can also infect endophytic fungi and encode killer toxins. Better understanding of mycoviruses assembly, function, and evolution have been done through their structural analyses. Recent report on virus taxonomy suggested that mycoviruses genome mostly consists of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and about 30% of mycoviruses genome is composed of a positive, single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA). Recently a mycovirus that is related to Gemini viruses has been reported. Scientists have reported mycoviruses in Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Deuteromycota, and Basidiomycota. Many mycoviruses and their fungal hosts still remain unknown recently developed metagenomics approaches will be useful for detecting and identifying new mycoviruses
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PRESERVATIVE SOLUTIONS AND PACKAGING MATERIAL FOR IMPROVING POST HARVEST QUALITY OF GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus grandiflorus) CUT SPIKES
Authors: Manzoor Ayesha , Rahman Adnan-ur- , Qamar Maryam , Ashraf Sharmin
Published: March 2019

Gladiolus is an important cut flower in the world, and its preference in Pakistan is next to roses. But the main problem that occurs in gladiolus is that it has short vase life. The present experiment was conducted with an objective to investigate the effect of four preservative solutions [distilled water, Sucrose (3%), AgNO3 (250 ppm), AgNO3 (250 ppm) + Sucrose (3%)] and packaging material on postharvest quality of three gladiolus varieties, “Tissue, White Prosperity and Alexandra”. Packaging material consists of control treatment (without packaging), packaging of cut spikes with 100 ppm acetic acid soaked cotton and packaging of polyethylene sheet after sucrose pulsing. The experiment was arranged as two factorial laid out according to completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. Results showed that preservative solution having combination of AgNO3 (250 ppm) + Sucrose (3%) significantly improves days to open basal floret, floret opening percentage (%), bloom spread (inch), floret length (inch), floret diameter (inch), fresh spike weight (g), dry spike weight (g), fresh weight loss (%) and vase life (days). Moreover, this treatment was also effective in reducing the wilting (%) in all gladiolus varieties. However, for solution uptake (mL/spike) and solution balance (ml/spike), AgNO3 (250 ppm)alone gives the best results. For packaging treatment, the pulsing of a cut spike with 20% sucrose followed by polyethylene sheet wrapping proves to be effective. Among the varieties, Alexandra performed better for all quality parameters in comparison to White Prosperity and Tissue
Autonomous Population Regulation Using a Multi-Agent System in a Prey–Predator Model That Integrates Cellular Automata and the African Buffalo Optimization Metaheuristic
Authors: Almonacid Boris , Aspée Fabián , Yimes Francisco
Published: March 2019

This research focused on the resolution of a dynamic prey–predator spatial model. This model has six life cycles and simulates a theoretical population of prey and predators. Cellular automata represent a set of prey and predators. The cellular automata move in a discrete space in a 2d lattice that has the shape of a torus. African buffaloes represent the predators, and the grasslands represent the prey in the African savanna. Each buffalo moves in the discrete space using the proper motion equation of the African buffalo optimization metaheuristic. Two types of approaches were made with five experiments each. The first approach was the development of a dynamic prey–predator spatial model using the movement of the African buffalo optimization metaheuristic. The second approach added the characteristic of regulating the population of buffaloes using autonomous multi-agents that interact with the model dynamic prey–predator spatial model. According to the obtained results, it was possible to adjust and maintain a balance of prey and predators during a determined period using multi-agents, therefore preventing predators from destroying an entire population of prey in the coexistence space.
Gamma-Tocotrienol Protects the Intestine from Radiation Potentially by Accelerating Mesenchymal Immune Cell Recovery
Authors: Garg Sarita , Sadhukhan Ratan , Banerjee Sudip , Savenka Alena V. , Basnakian Alexei G. , McHargue Victoria , Wang Junru , Pawar Snehalata A. , Ghosh Sanchita P. , Ware Jerry , Hauer-Jensen Martin , Pathak Rupak
Published: March 2019

Natural antioxidant gamma-tocotrienol (GT3), a vitamin E family member, provides intestinal radiation protection. We seek to understand whether this protection is mediated via mucosal epithelial stem cells or sub-mucosal mesenchymal immune cells. Vehicle- or GT3-treated male CD2F1 mice were exposed to total body irradiation (TBI). Cell death was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Villus height and crypt depth were measured with computer-assisted software in tissue sections. Functional activity was determined with an intestinal permeability assay. Immune cell recovery was measured with immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and the regeneration of intestinal crypts was assessed with ex vivo organoid culture. A single dose of GT3 (200 mg/kg body weight (bwt)) administered 24 h before TBI suppressed cell death, prevented a decrease in villus height, increased crypt depth, attenuated intestinal permeability, and upregulated occludin level in the intestine compared to the vehicle treated group. GT3 accelerated mesenchymal immune cell recovery after irradiation, but it did not promote ex vivo organoid formation and failed to enhance the expression of stem cell markers. Finally, GT3 significantly upregulated protein kinase B or AKT phosphorylation after TBI. Pretreatment with GT3 attenuates TBI-induced structural and functional damage to the intestine, potentially by facilitating intestinal immune cell recovery. Thus, GT3 could be used as an intestinal radioprotector.
Morphology-Controlled Versatile One-Pot Synthesis of Hydrophobic Gold Nanodots, Nanobars, Nanorods, and Nanowires and Their Applications in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Neng Jing , Xiang Chen , Jia Kan , Nie Xiaohua , Sun Peilong
Published: March 2019

Many previously reported syntheses of gold nanoparticles required lengthy reaction times, complicated operations, high temperatures, or multi-step manipulations. In this work, a morphology-controlled versatile one-pot synthesis of hydrophobic gold nanodots, nanobars, nanorods, and nanowires has been developed. A series of gold nanomaterials ranging from round nanodots, short nanobars, and long nanorods to ultrathin and ultralong nanowires (diameter <2 nm, length >2 μm) have been readily prepared by simply adjusting the feeding ratio of chloroauric acid to oleylamine, oleic acid, and triphenylsilane. The silk-like ultralong and ultrathin nanowires were found to have a single crystalline structure and may have significant potential applications in microelectronics and biosensors. Large sizes of gold spherical nanoparticles were obtained from gold nanodots via a seed-mediated growth approach. These nanoparticles and ultralong nanowires showed excellent surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in organic solvents and, therefore, were employed as efficient organic-soluble SERS substrates for the detection of hydrophobic food toxicants, such as 3,4-benzopyrene, and carcinogens, such as benzidine.
Correction: Twardowski, M.; Tonizzo, A. Ocean Color Analytical Model Explicitly Dependent on the Volume Scattering Function. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 2684
Authors: Twardowski Michael , Tonizzo Alberto
Published: March 2019

We, the authors, wish to make the following corrections to our paper [...]
Classification of Pulmonary CT Images by Using Hybrid 3D-Deep Convolutional Neural Network Architecture
Authors: Polat Huseyin , Danaei Mehr Homay
Published: March 2019

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hence, the survival rate of patients can be increased by early diagnosis. Recently, machine learning methods on Computed Tomography (CT) images have been used in the diagnosis of lung cancer to accelerate the diagnosis process and assist physicians. However, in conventional machine learning techniques, using handcrafted feature extraction methods on CT images are complicated processes. Hence, deep learning as an effective area of machine learning methods by using automatic feature extraction methods could minimize the process of feature extraction. In this study, two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based models were proposed as deep learning methods to diagnose lung cancer on lung CT images. To investigate the performance of the two proposed models (Straight 3D-CNN with conventional softmax and hybrid 3D-CNN with Radial Basis Function (RBF)-based SVM), the altered models of two-well known CNN architectures (3D-AlexNet and 3D-GoogleNet) were considered. Experimental results showed that the performance of the two proposed models surpassed 3D-AlexNet and 3D-GoogleNet. Furthermore, the proposed hybrid 3D-CNN with SVM achieved more satisfying results (91.81%, 88.53% and 91.91% for accuracy rate, sensitivity and precision respectively) compared to straight 3D-CNN with softmax in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
DC-Link Voltage Control of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System for Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement
Authors: Mohamed S. Raja , Jeyanthy P. Aruna , Devaraj D. , Shwehdi M. H. , Aldalbahi Adel
Published: March 2019

The high penetration level of solar photovoltaic (SPV) generation systems imposes a major challenge to the secure operation of power systems. SPV generation systems are connected to the power grid via power converters. During a fault on the grid side; overvoltage can occur at the direct current link (DCL) due to the power imbalance between the SPV and the grid sides. Subsequently; the SPV inverter is disconnected; which reduces the grid reliability. DC-link voltage control is an important task during low voltage ride-through (LVRT) for SPV generation systems. By properly controlling the power converters; we can enhance the LVRT capability of a grid-connected SPV system according to the grid code (GC) requirements. This study proposes a novel DCL voltage control scheme for a DC–DC converter to enhance the LVRT capability of the two-stage grid-connected SPV system. The control scheme includes a “control without maximum power point tracking (MPPT)” controller; which is activated when the DCL voltage exceeds its nominal value; otherwise, the MPPT control is activated. Compared to the existing LVRT schemes the proposed method is economical as it is achieved by connecting the proposed controller to the existing MPPT controller without additional hardware or changes in the software. In this approach, although the SPV system will not operate at the maximum power point and the inverter will not face any over current challenge it can still provide reactive power support in response to a grid fault. A comprehensive simulation was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for enhancing the LVRT capability and stability margin of an interconnected SPV generation system under symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults.
From Symmetry Breaking via Charge Migration to Symmetry Restoration in Electronic Ground and Excited States: Quantum Control on the Attosecond Time Scale
Authors: Liu ChunMei , Manz Jörn , Tremblay Jean Christophe
Published: March 2019

This article starts with an introductory survey of previous work on breaking and restoring the electronic structure symmetry of atoms and molecules by means of two laser pulses. Accordingly, the first pulse breaks the symmetry of the system in its ground state with irreducible representation I R R E P g by exciting it to a superposition of the ground state and an excited state with different I R R E P e . The superposition state is non-stationary, representing charge migration with period T in the sub- to few femtosecond time domains. The second pulse stops charge migration and restores symmetry by de-exciting the superposition state back to the ground state. Here, we present a new strategy for symmetry restoration: The second laser pulse excites the superposition state to the excited state, which has the same symmetry as the ground state, but different I R R E P e . The success depends on perfect time delay between the laser pulses, with precision of few attoseconds. The new strategy is demonstrated by quantum dynamics simulation for an oriented model system, benzene.
Measurement of Off-Flavoring Volatile Compounds and Microbial Load as a Probable Marker for Keeping Quality of Pasteurized Milk
Authors: Rashid Anjum , Javed Imran , Rasco Barbara , Sablani Shyam , Ayaz Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Abdullah Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Gondal Tanweer , Afzal Muhammad , Atif Muhammad , Salehi Bahare , Rodrigues Célia , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Martins Natália
Published: March 2019

(1) Background: Multiple attempts have been conducted to correlate milk keeping quality with chemical, physical or bacteriological parameters. These methods only measure the chemical changes in milk produced by bacteria. Headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) is an economic and recent method used to measure both volatile compounds and microbial load in milk, also allowing to keep the quality of the milk product. (2) Methods: The present study was conducted to identify and measure the off-flavoring volatile compounds through gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and the microbial load of pasteurized fluid milk stored at different temperatures, as a possible indicator of its keeping quality. (3) Results: The highest results were obtained to acetone, followed by butanone, pentanal and ethanol. These mean values were significantly enhanced from the 0 to 19th day of storage, at 10 °C. At day 19th, the minimum score for aroma, flavor and overall acceptability were also recorded as 4.33 ± 0.17, 4.02 ± 0.06, 4.00 ± 0.04, respectively. Likewise, maximum values for standard plate count (Log10 CFU 15.54 ± 0.40 mL−1) and total psychotroph count (Log10 CFU 11.67 ± 0.30mL−1) were reported at 10 °C and 4 °C. (4) Conclusion: HS-SPME/GC-FID methodology revealed to be very sensitive and capable to be applied in volatile compounds quantification in pasteurized milk produced during the storage period at different temperatures.
Long-Term Observed Visibility in Eastern Thailand: Temporal Variation, Association with Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors, and Trends
Authors: Aman Nishit , Manomaiphiboon Kasemsan , Pengchai Petch , Suwanathada Patcharawadee , Srichawana Jaruwat , Assareh Nosha
Published: March 2019

The present study analyzed long-term observed visibility over Eastern Thailand, with a focus on urbanized/highly industrialized coastal areas. The temporal coverage spans 9 to 35 years for visibility data and 9 to 15 years for air quality data for the selected stations. Visibility shows strong seasonality and its degradation intensifies in the dry season. It shows a negative correspondence with PM10 and relative humidity, which is evident from different methods. Visibility has strong dependence on wind direction, suggesting the influence of local pollution sources. Back-trajectory results suggest important influences of long-range transport and humidity. Secondary aerosol formation has the potential to aggravate visibility based on a precursor-ratio method. The trends in average visibility at most stations in recent years show negative shift, decreasing direction, or persistence of relatively low visibility, possibly due to increase in air pollution. Contrast was found in the meteorologically adjusted trend (based on generalized linear models) in visibility and PM10, which is partly attributed to the role of fine particles. The study suggests that visibility degradation is a problem in Eastern Thailand and is affected by both air pollutants and meteorology. The study hopes to get attention from policymakers regarding issue of visibility degradation in the region.