bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of personal protective equipment in working with pesticides – a systematic review
Authors: Badea Daniel Onuț , Trifu Alina , Darabont Doru Costin , Țărnău Bogdan
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the findings of an ongoing project developed in collaborations with SC Medinet HC Services SRL that addresses the occupational safety issues related to handling toxic substances, with emphasis on personal protective equipment in working with pesticides. INCDPM together with SC Medinet partner carried out an extensive literature review of existing published relevant materials, textbooks, journals, conference papers found in Science Direct Freedom Collection, Elsevier database, Web of Science - Core Collection, Springer Link Journals, that were processed with PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).
The danger of initiating explosives by electrostatic discharge. Checking the level of sensitivity of explosives to electrostatic discharges
Authors: Gabor Dan , Păun Florin Adrian , Tăzlăuanu Anca
Published: December 2022

Explosives designed for civil uses can be, in some cases, be triggered by accident due to electrostatic discharge. Static electricity, as a source of electrostatic discharge, is a common phenomenon in the explosives manufacturing industry. Explosives designed for civil uses are substances, materials and accessories that present a high-risk factor during their production, packaging, storage, transport, use and disposal. In order to establish essential safety requirements for civilian uses explosives, national legislation has been harmonized with European legislation, respectively with Directive 2014/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the placing on the market and control of explosives for civil use, for handling with minimal risk to the safety of human life and health, to prevent damage to property and the environment, and to ensure the safety and health of persons coming into contact with civil uses explosives. In this context, it is necessary to apply high-performance test methods to determine the safety parameters for assessing the conformity of explosives for civil use with the safety requirements set out in the specified directive. This paper describes some aspects regarding the implementation of the testing method for checking the level of sensitivity to electrostatic energy of explosives within the Laboratory of Non-Electrical Ex Equipment, Electrostatics, Materials and PPE within INCD INSEMEX Petroșani [1, 2].
Determination of the chemical composition of waste dust from process operations – case study
Authors: Șuvar Niculina Sonia , Nălboc Irina , Prodan Maria , Szollosi-Moța Andrei
Published: December 2022

The main environmental wastes generated by the automotive industry include lubricants and coolants for cars; water and solvent cleaning systems; paint; scrap metal and plastics. It is important to establish the source of the waste release to establish appropriate organizational measures to ensure the correct environmental approach and safety issues. In the present work, several tests have been carried out to identify the source of release for a specific dust waste that appears in the process of car's interior finishing. XRF, ICP-OES, and FTIR analyses were performed for this purpose.
The dynamics of carbon oxide evacuation from closed enclosures
Authors: Cioclea Doru , Chiuzan Emeric , Ianc Nicolae , Matei Adrian , Drăgoescu Răzvan
Published: December 2022

The carrying out of human activities of an industrial nature involves the use, handling or accidental presence of substances of a toxic nature such as carbon oxide. The presence of this gas in closed or semi-closed spaces can seriously affect the human body and when concentrations are high it can lead to death. Knowing how carbon oxide affects the human body and how it disperses into the air is very important for establishing preventive measures. Also, in order to establish the escape routes and the refuge areas, it is necessary to know the dispersion dynamics of carbon oxide both horizontally and vertically. The paper presents the experiment on establishing the dynamics dilution and evacuation of carbon monoxide in a closed enclosure.
Interlaboratory comparisons to demonstrate the competence of two similar mobile laboratories
Authors: Kovacs Marius , Găman Angelica-Nicoleta , Toth Lorand , Hrișcan Romeo
Published: December 2022

In order to maintain the RENAR (Romanian Accreditation Association) accreditation, each accredited laboratory must periodically participate in interlaboratory testing programs carried out with specialized providers or similar laboratories. In December 2021, an interlaboratory comparison in the field of environmental protection was organized by INCD ISEMEX PETROȘANI. The current paper examines the similarity of results of two auto-laboratories, in similar sampling points to demonstrate the competence of accredited laboratories. During the interlaboratory test session, immission measurements (nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide), ambient noise measurements and determination of suspended dust concentration were performed. The main objective of the interlaboratory tests is to comply with limits established by the bilateral testing protocol, and all these results can be processed and achieved in situ due to systems endowing the auto-laboratories, which integrate all the measurements performed in situ. Results of the study indicate very close values found by the two mobile laboratories, which leads to the performance requirement for all components analysed, namely coefficients of variation below 20%.
Dilution in pressurized enclosures – critical points
Authors: Pupazan Gabriela , Grecea Dănuț
Published: December 2022

The risk of explosion can occur in all activities involving flammable substances which, when mixed with air, can form an explosive atmosphere. Explosion protection is intended to prevent the ignition of explosive atmospheres. Pressurization, as a type of protection, 'p' is based on the introduction of a protective gas (air or inert gas) in an enclosure to prevent the formation of an explosive atmosphere within the enclosure by maintaining an overpressure relative to the surrounding atmosphere and, where necessary, by the use of dilution. The important tests for explosion protection by pressurization type of protection are based on the filling and purging test. Each of these involves monitoring certain points within the pressurized enclosure to confirm that concentrations are within acceptable limits. The location of these monitoring points can be identified by using computer simulations. This results, in so-called critical points, where the concentration lastly reaches the pre-set values. These critical points bring the advantage of the need to monitor concentrations at a much smaller number of points and thus it is increasing the accuracy of the tests. Following the approach of the work and the experiments carried out, it was found that computer simulation is effective for establishing critical points.
Tests for pressurized equipment - upgrade possibilities
Authors: Pupazan Gabriela , Csaszar Tiberiu
Published: December 2022

Explosive atmospheres can be caused by gases, vapors, mist, dust, lint, or fibers of flammable substances. If there is a sufficient quantity of the substance mixed with air, the imminence of an explosion depends on the probability and efficiency of the ignition source. The type of pressurized enclosure protection consists of separating the potentially explosive atmosphere from the ignition source by maintaining an overpressure inside the enclosure using a protective gas. The use of the equipment in an enclosure with a risk of an explosive atmosphere is accepted after going through the certification and testing process. Testing is carried out by the standards for explosion-protected equipment with pressurized enclosure protection. The main conclusion of the work is that the use of a new oxygen analyzer allows ten times higher value resolutions.
Statistical analysis and trends in personnel authorisation for activities related to explosive atmospheres
Authors: Andriș Adriana , Darie Marius
Published: December 2022

Technological installations processing flammable substances in the form of gases, vapours, mists, dusts, lint or fibres create special spaces in their vicinity called explosive atmospheres classified into zones. For these installations to operate safely, they must be designed, installed, operated, maintained and repaired by personnel qualified and authorised to carry out these activities. In the first part of the paper the risk of explosion that may occur in the performance of these activities by the personnel involved is presented. In the second part of the paper, the importance of personnel authorisation in the field of explosive atmospheres and the authorisation procedure at national level is presented. In the third part of the paper statistical analysis and trends in the authorisation process in Romania are presented.
Development of a specialized computer application “AQNOISE.EXE 01” on the integrated quality management system specific to noise testing and certification activities
Authors: Darsy Anton , Pintilie Dan Dumitru , Cucaila Simona , Popa Narcis , Vedinas Florin
Published: December 2022

Continuous improvement of the occupational safety and health climate in work systems affected by the presence of noise requires, in addition to the assessment of occupational risks arising from exposure to noise, the resolution of issues such as: the development of procedures for noise testing of equipment, as well as the determination and assessment of occupational exposure to this contaminant; development of an equipment certification system in terms of airborne noise emissions; implementing an effective system of training and testing of staff on occupational safety and health issues. The AQNOISE.EXE 01 program is a working tool used for the operational and procedural management of documents related to the integrated quality management system specific to noise testing and certification activities by entering data and information on: applicable legal regulations , both in the field of testing and assessment of the noise conformity equipment; objectives and policies in the field of noise testing and certification; responsibilities and requirements in the field of noise testing and certification; implementing, maintaining and improving the integrated quality system in the field of noise testing and certification; ways of recording data in order to ensure compliance with the applicable noise testing and certification requirements.
Computer application for facilitating the choice of Ex equipment
Authors: Pasculescu Vlad Mihai , Vlasin Nicolae Ioan , Morar Marius Simion , Florea Gheorghe Daniel
Published: December 2022

If electrical and non-electrical equipment used in underground mines susceptible to firedamp and coal dust or in other industries with explosion hazard is not proper selected for operating in explosive atmospheres, they are likely to generate an ignition of the atmosphere and to result in events with significant environmental and material damages and, moreover, with human victims. Therefore, it is mandatory for the responsible persons to reach the best decision when choosing the equipment which is suitable for operation in such atmospheres, from the explosion protection point of view. The current paper presents the development and operation of a Windows application for facilitating the choice of proper Ex equipment, in accordance with the specificity of the explosive atmosphere, whether there are involved the underground parts of the mines or the parts of the surface installations of these mines which could be endangered by firedamp gas/combustible dust, or other surface locations with explosion hazard
Identification of quantifiable biological parameters for rescue personnel in the context of relational analysis of hazardous environments
Authors: Toth Lorand , Găman George Artur , Pupăzan Daniel , Irimia Alin , Kovacs Izabella
Published: December 2022

The previous events in the industry reflect the need to take action to stop or at least slow down the development of damage and to prevent or reduce, as far as possible, their extent. In the case of breakdowns in industrial technological processes, their management requires, in addition to plant maintenance personnel properly trained for such situations, the participation of specialized personnel for interventions in hazardous environments. To form an image, the intervention is described as a set of actions in the facilities of a technological flow in which an event out of technological control was triggered, which aims to stop the negative consequences. The systemic approach of the correlation of hazardous substances in connection with the hazardous environment, of the relationships between the hazardous environment, constructions, technological installations and personnel as well as the identification of the effects of hazardous environments allows the crystallization of a relational analysis of hazardous environments. In this context, rescuers involved in the liquidation of damage must have a high degree of practical and physical training. During the training / interventions, rescuers have the opportunity to constantly monitor their physiological parameters through wearables. This paper aims to identify quantifiable biometric parameters for rescue and rescue personnel in the context of relational analysis of hazardous environments.
Studies regarding the structuring of physical effort of rescuers in the process of practical training in the mobile training facility
Authors: Ilie Cosmin , Găman George Artur , Pupăzan Daniel , Nicolescu Cristian , Gireadă Andrei
Published: December 2022

The rescuer's performance falls into the category of "hard work", in terms of effort, far exceeding the average overall labor consumption of the worker from the active fronts of work. This character, of hard work, is also imprinted by the fact that the professional effort contains several static components and large amplitude oscillations, regarding the level of maximum efforts. The longer they last, the harder is the work. Training is a process of psychophysiological preparation through which an increased performance is obtained in the professional activity of rescuers. The maximum performance is obtained by raising the functional capacity of the body to the highest degree. For this it is necessary to use the systematic and methodical exercise according to pedagogical rules. The paper presents the evolution of physiological parameters, as well as the structuring of the physical effort of rescue personnel in the process of practical training in the mobile training facility, with the aim of preparing rescue teams for situations close to real ones. The mobile training facility consists of a physical training space (endless ladder, impact device, treadmill, elliptical bike, stepper), an indoor training circuit and a control room that allows the coordination of all activities.
Computerized simulations and modelling for evaluation of ballistic and security parameters of explosives for civil use
Authors: Rus Daniela-Carmen , Miron Claudia , Miclea Olga , Ilici Claudia , Grecea Mircea
Published: December 2022

Explosives are chemical compounds - substances or mixtures of substances that have a large amount of energy and which under the influence of external actions decompose suddenly, violently with the release of heat and the formation of gases capable of performing a mechanical work. Due to their specific characteristics, these products are used, both in the civil field and in industry, for the execution of works such as: extraction from the massif, in mines or quarries of useful rocks, execution of mining works (galleries) for opening and preparing deposits for exploitation, tunnels, wells, road constructions, railways, canals, demolition of foundations / civil / industrial buildings that have become unusable, geophysical-seism metric surveys, etc. Research in the field of use of explosives for civil use in various industrial and civil applications requires in-depth knowledge of areas such as the phenomenology of explosion, the behaviour of materials in shock waves, the dynamics of structures, seismic engineering, etc. The design of these types of processes requires the consideration, with a relative approximation, of the degree of danger due to the design of fragments resulting from detonation, vibrations, pressures, tensions created in the space affected by the explosion, generation of explosion gases, etc. legislation in force, being an important indicator regarding the classification, handling, storage and transport in the assessment and management of the risks related to these operations. The paper presents a series of computer simulations, both of the ballistic parameter regarding the working capacity of the explosives, and of the security parameter regarding the impact sensitivity.
Expertise of thermal environment in metallurgical complexes in Romania
Authors: Lăutaru Vlad Alexandru , Simion Alexandru , Simion Sorin
Published: December 2022

Workplace microclimate is determined by temperature and humidity of air, air currents and caloric radiation of work environments. All microclimate factors act combined and simultaneously on the human body. Thermal comfort plays a decisive role in mental and physical abilities of workers, and decisively influences workplace performance of employees. In order to ensure the highest possible yield for workers, employers mustregularly evaluate microclimate parameters by measurements. The paper presents a case study on the thermal environment of several metallurgical complexes in Romania, by calculating the PMV and PPD indices at various workplaces that are found in all studied units. After correlating the PMV and PPD indices for each workplace in particular, in all studied units, results were used to create a regression analysis that is expressed by a regression graph, in order to present as concise and objective as possible differences between the studied workplaces. Importance of the paper is outlined by the need to develop research in the field of Health and Safety at Work, in order to objectively assess working conditions in Romania and to develop new methods to ensure a proper work climate in order to maintain or increase the level of workers’ productivity.
Research on the improvement of the rescuers training facility for the practical performance tests of respiratory protection devices
Authors: Irimia Alin , Nicolescu Cristian , Ilie Cosmin , Gireadă Andrei , Kovacs Izabella
Published: December 2022

Respiratory protection devices, both compressed air and compressed oxygen based, are subject to certification for placing on the market. The European standards governing the requirements for certification, the manner of conducting the tests are reviewed periodically in order to increase the operational safety of respiratory apparatus in order to cope in any circumstances with the dangers to which rescuers are subjected. The evaluation of the respiratory apparatus from a practical point of view is done by the practical test of performance. The modernization of the training facility according to the latest standardization regulations regarding the practical performance tests is necessary for the certification activity of the respiratory apparatus but it is also useful for the activity of training rescuers, having the role of harmonizing the request of the respiratory apparatus with the effort to which the rescuers are subjected.
Testing the constructive strength of a container arranged as a mobile deposit of explosive materials
Authors: Laszlo Robert , Gheorghiousu Edward , Ilici Stefan , Nicola Aurelian , Usurelu Stefan
Published: December 2022

Today, due to the diversity of the conditions in which the blasting works are executed, they often require a special organization regarding the transportation and storage of the explosive goods near the blasting field. If for explosive storage arranged for long-term use such as those of the producers, there are detailed regulations regarding the constructive and security requirements that they must meet, for the temporary storage facilities, there are not enough details regarding the constructive requirements that they must comply with. One of the most important aspects taken into account when designing and arranging a mobile explosive depot is the limitation to the maximum of the dynamic action and the throw effect of pieces of material under the pression of an accidental detonation. The paper describes the results obtained after testing a container prototype designed for the storage of explosives. Following the tests performed and the evaluation of the dynamic effects of explosions inside and outside the container as well as the analysis of the measurement regarding the pressure generated by the detonation of explosive charges, it turned out that the construction and detonation behavior of the tested container complies with the purpose and safety requirements for setting up a mobile explosive depot.
Methodology for measuring the seismic effects generated by quarry blasting works
Authors: Kovacs Attila , Garaliu-Busoi Bogdan , Rus Daniela Carmen , Miron Claudia , Miclea Olga
Published: December 2022

Exploitation of useful mineral substances by surface works is an important branch of mining activity. For rocks of low strength or weak aggregation, the method of extraction by mechanical means (excavators of various types, draglines) is successfully applied, but for rocks of medium and high strength, aggregated with or without cracks, or other geological anomalies, the method of extraction generalized exploitation is that by drilling-blasting, using explosives appropriate to the field conditions and correlated according to the technical possibilities and the geometry of the work. One of the major disadvantages to the technologies where drillingblasting works are applied is the generation of seismic waves, which will propagate after the detonation of the charges. In the common situation, where in the area of operation are civilian or industrial targets, that need to be protected, it is important to monitor these effects by performing seismic measurements and then processing the data to adjust the blasting technique in order to reduce these seismic waves in intensity, but while maintaining adequate performance parameters. The paper presents the methodology based on technical-scientific principles for performing these measurements, applied to surface exploitation.
Decision analysis within the small company for specialized equipment destinated for monitoring the safety mining parameters
Authors: Tulpan Marioara , Suciu Cristina , Cucăilă Marius , Cucăilă Simona , Saracuț Mircea
Published: December 2022

This paper offers a review of fundamentals in decision analysis and the construction of evidence-based probabilities for use in decision-making. The term quantitative risk analysis generally connotes reliance on probability and statistics. However, select quantitative risk-based decision-making methodologies, such as game theory, do not require knowledge of probabilities. Maximizing the minimum (maximin) gain, minimizing the maximum (minimax) loss, or maximizing the maximum (maximax) gain are but a few examples of decision-making criteria for handling risk and uncertainty without adhering to probabilities. Quantitative risk assessment builds on the existence of probabilities that describe the likelihood of outcomes, such as consequences. In general, probabilities are derived on the basis of historical records, statistical analysis, and/or systemic observations and experimentation. We commonly refer to probabilities that are derived from this process as "objective probabilities". Often, however, situations arise where the database is so sparse and experimentation is so impractical that "objective probabilities" must be supplemented with "subjective probabilities" or probabilities that are based on expert evidence, often referred to as "expert judgment". This paper focus on generating probabilities on the basis of expert evidence, using by the decision rules under uncertainty.
Technical Feasibility, Short-Term Patency, Safety, and Efficacy of Percutaneously Delivered Double Pig-Tail Stent for Palliation of Unresectable Biliary Malignancies
Authors: Verma Ashish , Kumar Ishan , Singh Pramod Kumar , Kumar Tarun , Pandey Durgatosh
Published: December 2022

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility, complication rate, and efficacy of percutaneously delivered plastic biliary stent, compared with that of internal–external biliary drainage catheter.

Methods Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction were included who underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and double pigtail plastic stenting (DPT-PS) or internal–external biliary drainage catheter in 15 months' duration.

Results Seventy-seven patients were included in the study who underwent DPT-PS (n = 37) or internal external drainage catheter placement (n = 40). Overall, the technical success rate for percutaneous plastic stenting was 92.5% and technical success rate for primary stenting at the time of initial puncture was 62%. The incidence of fever and hemobilia was similar across the two groups, whereas bile leakage in the perihepatic space and through the skin at puncture site was higher in patients with internal–external drainage catheter. Both the techniques were effective in reducing the bilirubin levels of patients. Re-intervention was done in five patients in DPT-PS and six patients with ring biliary catheter.

Conclusion DPT-PS may be used as a viable cost-efficient alternative for unresectable biliary malignancies with low post-procedure life expectancy.
COVID-Related Thrombosis and Overall Implications Related to Percutaneous Interventions
Authors: Lookstein Robert A.
Published: December 2022

The SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 pandemic created unique, once in a lifetime challenges for healthcare workers across the globe. One of the challenges specific to interventional radiology was the increased incidence of vascular thrombosis leading to urgent and emergent clinical patient management issues. Limited healthcare resources and complex clinical presentations required innovative solutions, and workflows to manage the increased burden on the healthcare providers.
Antimicrobial Strategies for Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Møller Rikke , Pressler Tacjana , Qvist Tavs
Published: December 2022

Lung infection is the leading cause of death in cystic fibrosis (CF), and antimicrobial therapies are the backbone of infection management. While many different strategies may be applied, rigorous microbiological surveillance, intensive eradication therapy, and long-term maintenance therapy based on inhaled antibiotics may be considered the main strategy for infection control in individuals with CF. While most of the existing evidence is based on infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other important pathogens causing lung inflammation and deterioration exist and should be treated despite the evidence gap. In this chapter, we describe the approaches to the antimicrobial treatment of the most important pathogens in CF and the evidence behind.
Characteristics of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Libya Based on Different Source of Infections
Authors: Hosien Bushra , Belhaj Howida , Atia Ahmed
Published: December 2022

In recent years and for decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has expanded into a major clinical issue. Infections were no longer a life-threatening issue for clinicians after the discovery of antibiotics. The misuse or overuse of antibiotics, however, contributes to global AMR, and numerous mobile genetic elements and relevant resistant genes worsen the spread of resistance. As antibiotics lose their effectiveness, a growing number of infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and gonorrhea are getting harder and sometimes impossible to treat. Infections that are resistant to antibiotics are correlated with antibiotic misuse. The majority of the antibiotic resistance in microbes is caused by improper use of antibiotics. Because there are a few antibiotics available to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, there is a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Libya has a high burden of antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial malpractice has frequently been reported. Providing information on the current state of antimicrobial resistance in Libya may assist the health authorities in addressing the problem more effectively in the future. Therefore, this review highlights the current situation of bacterial profile and their antimicrobial resistance in Libya based on the source of infection. Articles related to the topic were searched using databases and search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate websites. These articles were selected if they were conducted in Libya and provided information on bacterial pathogens and AMR. Required data were extracted for the purpose of this review report, and then further verified for identifying the prevalence and number of susceptible and resistant pathogens in each source of infection.
Psychological Survivorship in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lane Ciaran , Higgins Ryan C. , Goyal Neerav
Published: December 2022

Survivorship for head and neck cancer patients presents unique challenges related to the anatomic location of their disease. After treatment, patients often have functional impairments requiring additional care and support. In addition, patients may have psychological challenges managing the effect of the disease and treatment. Routine screening is recommended for the identification of psychological conditions. This article reviews the latest research on key psychological conditions associated with head and neck cancer. It discusses risk factors for the development of each condition and provides recommendations for the management of patients who may present with psychological concerns.
Giving a hoot about cardinalfishes
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: December 2022

Characteristic sounds of the Fowleria variegata cardinalfish discovered
Whale-inspired hydrofoil design reduces cavitation, noise
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: December 2022

Incorporating sinusoidal protuberances on the leading edge of a hydrofoil can reduce cavitation by up to 60 percent.
Effective work function of TiN films: Profound surface effect and controllable aging process
Authors: Zhuang Yuanyuan , Liu Yiqun , Xia Hui , Li Yuying , Li Xiang , Li Tianxin
Published: December 2022

Titanium nitride (TiN), with its tunable work function, serves as an electrode metal in the scaling fin-type field-effect transistor and plays the key role for low threshold operation. Measuring the effective work function of thin TiN films is desirable for rapid evaluation before device fabrication. In this work, Kelvin probe force microscopy is applied to study the impact of various factors on the surface potential of TiN films with an uncertainty below 30 mV. By scraping and gauging the potential evolvement of TiN in different circumstances, it is revealed that the surface effect is the major obstacle to determine the work function of the as-deposited TiN. For thick films, the potential drops over 530 mV for a fresh TiN surface relative to that of an aged one. For TiN films thinner than 5 nm, the potential changes by 290 mV due to surface oxidation. This enables a quantitative assessment on the effective work function as well as the surface charge density of TiN films.
The influence of HTS single-pancake coil with double strips winding structure on transmission loss under different self-field conditions
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Chen Tiantian , He Jinfei , Wang Jiayi , Du Guanghui
Published: December 2022

The transport loss generated by a high temperature superconducting coil (HTS) in an AC transmission process will affect the operational stability of the superconducting power equipment. However, under different self-field conditions, the influence of the oscillation waveform parameters and coil structure parameters on the transport loss still needs to be clarified. This article establishes a two-dimensional axisymmetric model with a single-pancake coil with a double strip winding as the research object. For four different oscillation waveforms—sine waves, square waves, triangular waves and sawtooth waves—the influence of four variables, namely, the transmission current amplitude, the coil radius, the number of turns of the coil, and the turn-to-turn spacing of the coil, on the transport loss of HTS coils is studied in detail. The results show that under the exact parameters of the coil, for the generated transport loss, the square wave is the largest, the sine wave is the second largest, and the sawtooth and triangular wave are the smallest. Under the same self-field condition, the transport loss can be reduced by increasing the coil radius, the number of turns of the coil, and the turn-to-turn spacing of the coil, in which if the number of turns of the single-pancake coil with a double strip winding is less than 14, the transport loss can be obviously reduced by increasing the number of turns of the coil. When the number of turns exceeds 14, it does little to reduce the transport loss. Research findings can confirm the investigation of the operational stability and design of HTS coils.
The use of periphrasis for the expression of aspect by Greek heritage speakers
Authors: Alexiadou Artemis , Rizou Vasiliki
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we examine the narrowing of register variation in the domain of verbal aspect in the production of aspect by two different age groups of Greek heritage speakers (HSs), adolescents and adults, which we compared to their monolingual peers. We first identify a previously undocumented case of register variation for the expression of perfective aspect in Greek. Both HSs and monolingual speakers have at their disposal synthetic and analytic forms, the latter built on the basis of light verbs, to express grammatical aspect, and specifically perfective aspect. While monolinguals make use of this alternation to signal register variation, with periphrastic constructions used in informal settings and in the oral mode, HSs behave differently. Both adolescent and adult HSs generalize periphrastic constructions across formal and informal communicative situations, thus showing a case of register variation narrowing. The fact that periphrastic constructions are associated with perfective aspect is due to aspect levelling: HSs overgeneralize the use of the perfective aspect.
Effect of AC interference on failure mechanism of zinc-rich epoxy coatings in alkaline environment
Authors: Yang Chao , Han Qing , Liu Haibo , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Yanfeng , Yao Shupeng
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the failure mechanism of Zn-rich epoxy coating under the AC interference in alkaline environment was revealed based on EIS tests. Using X80 steel as matrix, the coated X80 sample was formed by hand-brushing coating with the thickness of 25 ± 5 μm determined by five-point test. The EIS curves of the coated X80 sample in 3 wt% NaOH solution with immersion time was studied under (no) AC interference, and the failure evolution mechanism of Zn-rich epoxy coating was established through the fitting parameters. The results showed that during the curing process of the Zn-rich epoxy coating, Zn reacted with O2 in the air to generate ZnO, which coated the surface of Zn particle to form the ZnO-Zn structure. In alkaline environment, ZnO dissolved to form Zn(OH)2, namely the activation process of Zn particles, which was inhibited by AC interference. Furthermore, the activated Zn particles reacted to form Zn(OH)2 in alkaline environment, that is, the electrochemical reaction process of activated Zn particles, which was significantly promoted by AC interference. In conclusion, the non-conductive Zn(OH)2 generated in alkaline environment under AC interference, together with un-activated ZnO, can not only isolate the electrical connection between activated Zn particles, but also cut off the cathodic protection between Zn and Fe. Meanwhile, the matrix Fe was passivated in alkaline environment, which weakened the wet binding force between Fe and epoxy coating, resulting in coating stripping.
Study on corrosion resistance of HAZ and TMAZ in friction stir welding joint of 7075 aluminum alloy by thermal simulation
Authors: Liu Jinqiu , Guo Fuqiang , Wang Tao , Duan Shuwei , Zou Yong
Published: December 2022

It is difficult to characterize the variation of corrosion resistance of the narrow areas in friction stir welding (FSW) joints due to the large temperature gradient. In this paper, the welding thermal simulation was performed to simulate the heat affected zone (HAZ) and thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) of the FSW 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, and the corrosion resistance and microstructure of the simulated samples were studied. Results show that the corrosion potential changes greatly under different thermal simulation temperatures. The pitting corrosion of the HAZ simulated samples presents two pitting potentials, but for the TMAZ simulated samples, two pitting potentials will gradually evolve to one pitting potential with the increase of the maximum temperature. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show that the corrosion mechanism of the HAZ and TMAZ is completely inconsistent, which is related to the differences in precipitate and grain characteristics.
Generalized Lie symmetries and almost regular Lagrangians: a link between symmetry and dynamics
Authors: Speliotopoulos Achilles D
Published: December 2022

The generalized Lie symmetries of almost regular Lagrangians are studied, and their impact on the evolution of dynamical systems is determined. It is found that if the action has a generalized Lie symmetry, then the Lagrangian is necessarily singular; the converse is not true, as we show with a specific example. It is also found that the generalized Lie symmetry of the action is a Lie subgroup of the generalized Lie symmetry of the Euler–Lagrange equations of motion. The converse is once again not true, and there are systems for which the Euler–Lagrange equations of motion have a generalized Lie symmetry while the action does not, as we once again show through a specific example. Most importantly, it is shown that each generalized Lie symmetry of the action contributes one arbitrary function to the evolution of the dynamical system. The number of such symmetries gives a lower bound to the dimensionality of the family of curves emanating from any set of allowed initial data in the Lagrangian phase space. Moreover, if second- or higher-order Lagrangian constraints are introduced during the application of the Lagrangian constraint algorithm, these additional constraints could not have been due to the generalized Lie symmetry of the action.
Molecular dynamics simulation of ammonium ion removal by freezing concentration
Authors: Liu Min , Shi Qi , Sun Zhaoru
Published: December 2022

Ammonium wastewater is a serious and common water pollutant that can have harmful effects on the environment. Freeze concentration, as an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly method, is used to treat ammonium wastewater by ice-water phase transition. The simulation results show that most of the ions are retained in the liquidphase, and it is reported for the first time that the probability of NH4
+ (90%) remaining in the water is significantly higher than that of Cl− (67%). We have analyzed the influence of ions on ice/water structure from the perspective of structure and energy and explained the reason for the difference in the probability of NH4
+ and Cl− remaining in the liquid phase. We find that the coordination number (CN) of NH4
+ decreases from 6 to 4 when one NH4
+ permeates the ice layer, indicating that the first hydration layer of ammonium ions underwent significant reorganization during this period. In contrast, a similar reduction in CN was not observed during the entry of Cl− into the ice layer. Moreover, the hydration energy shows that NH4
+ prefers to stay in the liquid phase than in the ice phase because of the higher hydration energy difference compared with that of Cl−. The results of this work indicate that freeze concentration can efficiently remove NH4
+ by ice-water phase transition, which greatly reduces the discharge of ammonium wastewater and pave the way for further study of the freezing process for wastewater treatment.
Formal degrees and the local theta correspondence: The quaternionic case
Authors: Kakuhama Hirotaka
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we determine a constant occurring in a local analogue of the Siegel-Weil formula, and describe the behavior of the formal degrees under the local theta correspondence for a quaternionic dual pair of almost equal rank over a non-Archimedean local field of characteristic

0
0

. As an application, we prove the formal degree conjecture of Hiraga, Ichino and Ikeda for the non-split inner forms of

S
p

4

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Clause Types (and Clausal Complementation) in Germanic
Authors: Bacskai-Atkari Julia
Published: December 2022

Clauses can fulfill various functions in discourse; in most cases, the form of the clause is indicative of its discourse function. The discourse functions (such as making statements or asking questions) are referred to as speech acts, while the grammatical counterparts are referred to as clause types (such as declarative or interrogative). Declarative clauses are canonical (that is, they are syntactically more basic than non-canonical ones): they are by default used to express statements, and they represent the most unmarked word order configuration(s) in a language. Other clause types, such as interrogatives, can be distinguished by various means, including changes in the intonation pattern, different (non-canonical) word orders, the use of morphosyntactic markers (such as interrogative words), as well as combinations of these, as can be observed across Germanic. The explicit marking of clause types is referred to as clause typing, and it affects both the syntactic component of the grammar and its interfaces.

Apart from main clauses, which can correspond to complete utterances, there are also embedded clauses, which are contained within another clause, referred to as the matrix clause: matrix clauses can be either main clauses or embedded clauses. Embedded clauses may be argument clauses, in which case they are selected by a matrix element (such as a verb), but they can also be adjunct clauses, which modify some element in the matrix clause (or the entire matrix clause).

Embedded clauses fall into various clause types. Some of these can also be main clauses, such as declarative clauses or interrogative clauses. Other embedded clause types do not occur as main clauses, as is the case for relative clauses or comparative clauses. Clause typing in embedded clauses has two major aspects: embedded clauses are distinguished from matrix clauses and from other embedded clause types. Main clauses can be typed in various—syntactic and non-syntactic—ways, but Germanic languages type embedded clauses by morphosyntactic means intonation plays little, if any, role. These morphosyntactic markers fall into various categories according to what roles they fulfill in the clause. Germanic languages show considerable variation in morphosyntactic markers, depending on the clause type and the variety, and in many cases, such markers can also co-occur, resulting in complex left peripheries.
Application of 3-Dimensional Technology for Evaluating Muscular Type and Muscle-Fat Pad Mixed-Type Nasolabial Folds With Botulinum Toxin-A Treatment
Authors: Li Rou , Chen Xinyao , Sun Hai , Hao Lijun , Luo Sai
Published: December 2022

Background

Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) is used in the treatment of nasolabial folds (NLFs). However, lighting and clinician subjectivity play a major role in evaluating the efficacy of this treatment.

Objectives

By applying 3-dimensional (3D) technology, this study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of BTX-A injection on muscular (M) and muscle–fat pad mixed-type (MF) NLFs.

Methods

BTX-A was injected into bilateral marked points on the NLFs, where the levator labii alaeque nasi, zygomaticus minor, and zygomaticus major pull the skin to form the NLF (2 U at each injection site). Pretreatment and posttreatment 3D facial images were captured with static and laughing expressions. The curvature, width, depth, and lateral fat volume of the NLFs were measured to compare the therapeutic efficacy for type M and MF NLFs.

Results

Thirty-nine patients with type M and 37 with type MF NLFs completed the follow-up data. In these patients, the curvature, width, and depth of the NLF showed a significant reduction at 1 month and gradually recovered at 3 and 6 months after treatment, with more significant improvement when laughing than when static. Variations compared to the pretreatment values of type MF were greater than those of type M at each time point. The lateral fat volume of the type MF NLF was significantly reduced (P < .05).

Conclusions

3D technology can quantitatively evaluate the effects BTX-A injection for treating type M and type MF NLFs. BTX-A is more effective on type MF than on type M NLFs.

Level of Evidence: 4
syntenet: an R/Bioconductor package for the inference and analysis of synteny networks
Authors: Almeida-Silva Fabricio , Zhao Tao , Ullrich Kristian K , Schranz M Eric , Van de Peer Yves
Published: December 2022

Interpreting and visualizing synteny relationships across several genomes is a challenging task. We previously proposed a network-based approach for better visualization and interpretation of large-scale microsynteny analyses. Here, we present syntenet, an R package to infer and analyze synteny networks from whole-genome protein sequence data. The package offers a simple and complete framework, including data preprocessing, synteny detection and network inference, network clustering and phylogenomic profiling, and microsynteny-based phylogeny inference. Graphical functions are also available to create publication-ready plots. Synteny networks inferred with syntenet can highlight taxon-specific gene clusters that likely contributed to the evolution of important traits, and microsynteny-based phylogenies can help resolve phylogenetic relationships under debate.

Availability and implementation

syntenet is available on Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/syntenet), and the source code is available on a GitHub repository (https://github.com/almeidasilvaf/syntenet).

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.