bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF PROJECT MANAGERS IN CHANGE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES
Authors: Kumar Vijay
Published: January 2024

Organizations experience ongoing change due to various causes, including technological progress, market fluctuations, and changing client demands (Smith et al., 2018; Jones, 2020). Within this particular context, the significance of project managers in guiding and assisting change management projects becomes crucial. The convergence of project management and change management is a pivotal point for businesses aiming to not only endure but flourish in a swiftly altering commercial milieu (Turner & Müller, 2019). This study explores the various aspects of the project manager's function in the context of change management, with the goal of comprehending how project managers contribute to the success of change efforts and enhance organizational resilience.
RETIREMENT FORTHOUGHT: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTION & ATTITUDE OF INHABITANTS AT ERNAKULAM DISTRCT (KERALA)
Authors: P A Ansiya , Sulekha Dr. A
Published: January 2024

The main goal of the current study is to provide guidance for Ernakulam’s people to control their financial resources. Financial Management is really challenging. It may seem like there is a lot to accomplish for the future, even if a person thinks they are successful in financial things like loan repayment or retirement savings. Having a thorough strategy is necessary to manage funds both now and in future. Sound financial planning is necessary for achieving goals, preparing for emergencies, and protecting oneself. This study focuses on retirement financial planning and impact of Goal Clarity Attitude towards retirement planning in Ernakulam. The current study has found three key components for managing personal financial planning: Attitude, Goal Clarity & Proactive Planning. People from Ernakulam constructed the study’s population. A survey questionnaire for this study was created & given to the respondents. The study’s findings indicated that personal financial planning among Ernakulam peoples was greatly influenced by Attitude, Goal Clarity & Proactive Planning. The results of the current study are useful in encouraging personal financial management among Malayalees in Ernakulam
Development of Normative Data of the Athletic Skill Track and Development Coordination Disorder Questionnaire in Children
Authors: Arshad Zeeshan , Hafeez Tahir , Batool Aneeqa , Raza Ali , Nawaz Ali , Zubair Muhammad , Liaquat Khadija
Published: January 2024

Background: The escalating prevalence of pediatric obesity and the concomitant decline in physical activity levels have underscored the imperative to rigorously assess motor competencies in the younger demographic. The Athletic Skill Track (AST) and Development Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) are pivotal instruments in this context. However, normative benchmarks for these tools, particularly within the Pakistani pediatric milieu, remain inadequately delineated.
Objective: This investigation aimed to establish preliminary normative benchmarks for AST and DCDQ among a cohort of children aged 4 to 12 years in Lahore, Pakistan. A secondary objective involved delineating gender disparities in test performance and elucidating the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and test outcomes.
Methods: Adopting a cross-sectional study framework, data were collated from an urban-based private school in Lahore, utilizing convenience sampling methods. The participant pool comprised 500 healthy children within the 4-12 age bracket. The research protocol encompassed anthropometric measurements and subsequent administration of AST and DCDQ. Data analysis was executed utilizing SPSS software, version 28.0.
Results: The study unveiled a marked gender-based disparity in AST performance, with boys manifesting superior rapidity across all AST tracks (AST 1: Mean=21.84, SD=4.99; AST 2: Mean=22.66, SD=5.083; AST 3: Mean=20.23, SD=4.76). An age-progressive enhancement in test performance was evident, as reflected in the linear decrement in completion times for AST-1 and AST-2 with advancing age. This trend, however, exhibited deviations from extant literature in specific cohorts, particularly in nine-year-old participants. In the realm of DCDQ outcomes, a significant positive correlation with age was observed, suggesting developmental advancements in coordination skills. The gender analysis revealed that boys outperformed girls in DCDQ assessments (Boys: Mean=60.17, SD=5.87; Girls: Mean=57.45, SD=7.09).
Conclusion: The present study enriches the extant body of knowledge by providing essential normative data for AST and DCDQ within a Pakistani pediatric population. It underscores notable gender and age-related variances in motor skills and coordination, offering critical insights for the formulation of targeted interventions and early detection strategies in motor skill development.
Interlinkages Between Demographic Change, Migration, and Urbanization in Canada: Policy Implications
Authors: Hilbrecht Margo
Published: January 2024

Megatrends affecting families are closely interconnected. Demographic change occurs as families adapt to changing social, economic, cultural, and environmental contexts. This change, in turn, can prompt migration both within and across national boundaries. Migration is linked to increasing urbanization as families seek to improve their wellbeing through resources typically concentrated in urban areas. Even so, as families migrate to urban areas, they may struggle to find adequate and affordable housing, sufficient food, suitable employment, care for dependent children and adults, and accessible health care. These challenges motivate us to examine how governments and civil society organizations are attempting to ensure the wellbeing of families under such transition and uncertainty. This paper explores interlinkages between three megatrends identified by the United Nations1that affect family wellbeing—demographic change, migration, and urbanization—with consideration of policy implications for families in Canada. The focus is on two leading demographic trends common to other high-income nations: decreasing fertility rate and aging populations. Another demographic trend, the increasing proportion of immigrant populations in Canada, is also examined with attention to consequences for family wellbeing.
Rapport des Nations Unies : Liens entre l’évolution démographique, la migration et l’urbanisation au Canada : Conséquences en matière de politiques
Authors: Hilbrecht Margo
Published: January 2024

Les mégatendances influant sur les familles sont étroitement liées. L’adaptation des familles à l’évolution des dynamiques sociale, économique, culturelle et environnementale entraîne des changements démographiques. Ces changements peuvent à leur tour provoquer une migration à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur des frontières nationales. La migration est liée à une urbanisation croissante, les familles cherchant à optimiser leur bien-être grâce aux ressources généralement concentrées dans les régions urbaines. Or, de nombreuses familles migrant vers ces régions ont du mal à se nourrir de façon adéquate et peinent à y trouver un logement approprié et abordable, un emploi convenable, des soins pour les enfants et les adultes à charge, ainsi que les soins de santé dont elles ont besoin. Ces défis nous incitent à réfléchir aux moyens déployés par les gouvernements et les organisations de la société civile pour favoriser le bien-être des familles dans un tel contexte de transition et d’incertitude. Le présent article s’intéresse aux liens entre trois mégatendances mises en relief par les Nations Unies1qui ont une incidence sur le bien-être des familles – les changements démographiques, la migration et l’urbanisation –, en tenant compte des répercussions que peuvent avoir les politiques sur les familles au Canada. Il met l’accent sur deux grandes tendances démographiques que l’on observe également dans d’autres pays à revenu élevé : la baisse du taux de fécondité et le vieillissement de la population. L’augmentation de la proportion d’immigrants au pays, une autre tendance démographique, est également examinée et une attention particulière est accordée aux conséquences pour le bien-être des familles.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dan Body Image Dengan Status Gizi Pada Remaja Putri Di MTS Persis Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Wahyuni Septica Qorry
Published: January 2024

Usia remaja rentan terhadap masalah status gizi sehingga berisiko terhadap kesehatan. Masalah status gizi utama pada remaja adalah defisiensi mikronutrien, khususnya anemia defisiensi zat besi, serta masalah malnutrisi. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi status gizi remaja, diantaranya aktivitas fisik dan body image. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan body image dengan status gizi pada remaja putri di MTS Persis Kota Sukabumi. Jenis penelitian yaitu korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 57 remaja dengan teknik total sampling. Uji validitas menggunakan person product moment dengan hasil semua item memiliki nilai p-value < 0,05. Uji reliabilitas untuk variabel aktivitas fisik memiliki nilai cronbach alpha berkategori reliabel dan variabel body image mengacu pada instrumen baku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik dan body image dengan status gizi pada remaja putri dengan nilai p-value < 0,05. Simpulan terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik dan body image dengan status gizi pada remaja putri. Saran bagi pihak sekolah yaitu menghadirkan tenaga kesehatan agar memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan dan mengadakan lomba remaja sehat dengan melibatkan para guru. Guru dapat diarahkan oleh petugas kesehatan agar membimbing remaja untuk memiliki perilaku mempertahakan status gizi yang baik.
Fault Detection for Low Voltage System in Electric Vehicle
Authors: Muhammad Anwar Sadat Faidar  , Kamlasi Dava , Yusivar Feri
Published: January 2024

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle ecosystem, there are concerns about the electrical safety of electric vehicles. This concern is caused by the problems with electric vehicles, which cannot be used when not used for a long time. This problem is caused by a low voltage rating that is not available when the electric vehicle is in that condition. In this study, an algorithm is proposed to support safety for the availability of low-voltage electrical energy, when electric vehicles are in use or not in use. The results of this research indicate that the created algorithm can provide safety for the availability of low voltage level electrical energy, by adjusting the lead-acid battery charging procedure, monitoring the low voltage level while it not in use, and making existing electric vehicles unable to move as long as problems with the low voltage level charging system cannot be resolved.
Evaluation of Direct Terahertz Radiation on Prospective Communication Applications
Authors: Dzakwan Widyo Pangestu  , Catur Apriono
Published: January 2024

The continuous development of information and communication technology has brought rapid changes, especially developments in cellular technology, starting with 1G and reaching the fifth development in 2020, 5G. This development continues, as evidenced by the start of 6G technology development in early 2020. The Terahertz (THz) spectrum, which has not been used optimally so far for communication technologies, is one candidate to support the next cellular technology developments. THz Waves offers far wider bandwidth than the existing technologies. Apart from the advantages of THz wave radiation, this research studies THz wave radiation intensity and its potential for communication. By calculating the Atmospheric Attenuation, FSPL and considering the minimum received power of user equipment (UE), THz wave radiation characteristics will be more optimal for use less than 500 meters at 0.1 THz and less than 100 meters at 3 THz. The highest Power density of THz radiation is 7.99 × 10-11 Watt/m2 when using 0.1 THz as frequency and a power transmitter of 10 Watts. The results show that exposure to THz waves in communication applications is safe and acceptable for practical communication use.
Outlook for Sustainable Forest Bioeconomy in Gabon, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania
Authors: Hetemäki Lauri , Tegegne Yitagesu Tekle , Ochieng Robert Mugabe
Published: January 2024

How could the circular forest-based bioeconomy contribute more to Africa’s wellbeing and prosperity, while helping to tackle climate change and other sustainability challenges? This publication analyses the situation in five different countries – Gabon, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania – and offers recommendations for the short, medium and long-term.
PEMBENTUKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI DIGITAL PADA SISWA SMA AMALIAH
Authors: Sabarudin Audra Putra , Alfiani Muhammad Raudan , Adhetia Putri Aisah , Kharis Kharisma , Rahmawati Caca Anisa
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini membahas upaya pembentukan kemampuan literasi digital pada siswa SMA Amaliah sebagai respons terhadap dinamika informasi di era digital. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis efektivitas sosialisasi mengenai literasi digital terhadap remaja. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada tingkat pemahaman literasi digital peserta setelah sosialisasi, mencapai 99% dari tingkat pemahaman awal sebesar 51%. Penerapan teori Kognitif Sosial Albert Bandura dalam konteks literasi digital menjadi dasar konsep, menekankan peran sosial dalam membentuk perilaku dan pengetahuan individu. Relevansi teori dan konsep ini diperkuat oleh hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam meningkatkan literasi digital peserta, memperkuat urgensi literasi digital sebagai suatu kebutuhan mendesak di era digital. Artikel ini memberikan landasan yang kuat bagi pemahaman dan pengembangan kemampuan literasi digital, terutama di kalangan remaja yang tumbuh bersamaan dengan teknologi.
EVALUASI DAN PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI KADER POSYANDU DENGAN METODE LIMA LANGKAH POSYANDU
Authors: Fuady Ikhsan , Prasanti Ditha
Published: January 2024

Posyandu is the government's effort to improve health services for mothers and toddlers. Posyandu cadres are central figures who spearhead health services for mothers and toddlers. The low competence of posyandu cadres is a problem in itself for most rural communities. This community service (PPM) aims to evaluate and improve the competence of posyandu cadres. The service method carried out in this research was to use a five-level posyandu competition approach which was participated by 11 groups of posyandu cadres. This community service is carried out in Malangbong District, Garut Regency. The PPM participants are posyandu cadres from 11 villages in Malangbong sub-district. The posyandu cadre of each village posyandu consists of 5 cadres who will place 1 service post each. The PPM results show that cadres' initial knowledge about excellent service at Iposyandu is still relatively low. This five-step posyandu competition method is quite good in increasing the knowledge and skills of cadres in providing excellent service for mothers and toddlers in Malangbong sub-district. This recommendation from PPM suggests the need for further assistance to increase the competency of posyandu cadres in Malangbong District.
PEMBELAJARAN LITERASI DAN NUMERASI PADA PENGALAMAN PROGRAM KAMPUS MENGAJAR ANGKATAN 5 TAHUN 2023
Authors: Kusumadinata Ali alamsyah , Qonita H Annisa
Published: January 2024

Kampus merdeka is a student learning internship program in increasing the capacity of students to become more skilled in social and in working in the community. The purpose of this service is to provide learning to students in providing alternative learning to elementary schools. The implementation method is carried out face-to-face and contributes to activities. The results of the activity show that the independent campus in the literacy and numeracy improvement program provides learning experiences for students and provides increased grades to students. This makes it easier for schools to improve the quality of educational services. In addition, the enrichment of educational models carried out by students in the learning process provides students with the ability to hone their skills and develop intelligent thinking.
PELATIHAN PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PENGURUS ASOSIASI PETANI KARET KUANTAN SINGINGI (APKARKUSI) DALAM DIGITALISASI PEMASARAN KARET
Authors: Rosnita Rosnita , Yulida Roza , Andriani Yulia , Septya Fanny , Herlon Meki
Published: January 2024

Riau Province is the third largest rubber producer in Indonesia in 2021. Kuantan Singingi Regency has the largest rubber area in Riau with an area of 126,240 Ha and production of 82,375 tons (BPS Riau Province, 2022). This district usually has the highest rubber price compared to other districts, because farmers in this district who are members of farmer groups market rubber with an auction system through the Kuantan Singingi Rubber Farmers Association (APKARKUSI). This institution fosters farmers who are members of farmer groups spread across 6 (six) sub-districts. This Community Service activity carried out at APKARKUSI in the form of Capacity Building Training for the Management of the Kuantan Singingi Rubber Farmers Association (APKARKUSI) in Digitalizing Rubber Marketing. The target of this PKM activity is members of APKARKUSI Kuantan Singingi Regency.
Pengembangan Potensi Desa Wisata dan Gerakan Sadar Wisata di Kawasan Jatigede
Authors: Ariadne Shinta Dewi Evie , Prasanti Ditha , Aisha Sarah , Ratna Suminar Jenny , Adi Wibowo Kunto
Published: January 2024

The tourism awareness movement is an important aspect that must be developed in realising the development of tourism villages in Jatigede sub-district. This can be realised with the support of the local community. Therefore, the PPM programme carried out by the Communication Science Study Programme is to encourage the potential for increasing the village tourism awareness movement in Jatigede sub-district. In addition, according to the concept of tourism management, tourism in the village can also be institutionalised through the existence of Tourism Awareness Groups which will be an important force in managing tourism potential by collaborating with other parties in the village.
This Community Service Programme (PPM) has been carried out in the October-November 2023 period with various series of activities. The purpose of this PPM is to create a Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) in the Jatigede area in the future. Prodi Ilkom conducted a series of surveys of village potential up to the monitoring and evaluation stage as the final PPM activity.
PPM activities run smoothly supported by collaboration with the sub-district and others in the village chosen as the object of PPM Prodi Ilkom. The five villages are Kadujaya village, Cijeungjing village, Jemah village, Karedok village, and Cipicung village. The success indicators of the PPM activities were shown by the enthusiasm of the participants in following the PPM series and the initiation of Tourism Awareness Groups in some of these villages.
KEPRIBADIAN EKSTROVERT DAN INTROVERT DALAM HUBUNGAN PERSAHABATAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Kusumadinata Ali Alamsyah , Hardiyanti Putri
Published: January 2024

The formulation of the problem in this study is "How is interpersonal communication on introvert and extrovert personalities in establishing friendly relations". This study uses a qualitative method. The key informant in this study was a counseling teacher who had an educational background in psychology, and a supporting informant from the Alumni Association of SMK Negeri 3 Bogor who had extroverted and introverted personality types. The results show that each personality type (extrovert and introvert) has its own way of establishing friendly relations through interpersonal communication approaches. Aspects of interpersonal communication include equality which refers to equalizing the circumstances and degrees of communication. Furthermore, the aspect of openness which in this process can make people who are in a relationship get to know each other and begin to grow trust and emotional feelings. There is also an aspect of a positive attitude, which means always thinking well and making the atmosphere of the relationship always peaceful and harmonious. Then there is the aspect of empathy that is much needed, caring actions are accompanied by verbally shown actions. The last is mutual support which is the most important aspect so that a friendly relationship avoids problems that can lead to destruction. The friendly relationship that is forged by each extrovert and introvert personality has stages. The first stage starts with contact (getting acquainted with each other), the involvement stage (getting each other's first impressions), the familiarity stage (getting to know more deeply), the destruction stage (when a crisis occurs, there are problems in friendly relations), the termination stage (disconnection can occur). relationship if the problem at hand cannot be resolved). All aspects of interpersonal communication and these stages occur in the process of establishing friendly relations in each extrovert and introvert personality type.
PKM BIMTEK PELAPORAN KEUANGAN DIGITAL DAN AKUNTANSI SEDERHANA UNTUK APARAT DESA
Authors: Tenriwaru Tenriwaru , Suun Muhammad , Syahnur Haerdiyansyah
Published: January 2024

Pengelolaan keuangan desa yang berorientasi pada kinerja, dapat diasumsikan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan desa yang baik. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap kinerja desa karena terdapat tanggung jawab kinerja yang mewakili hubungan antara tujuan strategis yang ingin dicapai dengan jumlah sumber daya yang disediakan.  Suatu lembaga atau badan yang berwenang. Pengelolaan keuangan yang baik akan menghasilkan pelaporan keuangan yang baik.  Pelaporan keuangan sangat penting karena memberikan semacam akuntabilitas atas operasional suatu lembaga, baik secara regional maupun perusahaan secara keseluruhan.  Hal ini juga dapat dijadikan bahan evaluasi langkah ke depan.  Penyusunan laporan keuangan dibagi menjadi dua bidang: tradisional dan modern. Metode tradisional, langkah pertama biasanya mengelompokkan akun tertentu secara manual. Metode modern saat ini terutama menggunakan aplikasi keuangan digital langsung secara online.  Tujuan pelaporan keuangan desa adalah untuk mewakili bentuk akuntabilitas organisasi atas penggunaan dan pengelolaan sumber daya desa selama periode waktu tertentu, untuk memberikan informasi mengenai keadaan keuangan, dan sebagai alat evaluasi untuk menunjukkan kinerja yang diberikan.  Hal ini penting karena dan menjadi pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan ekonomi bagi kepala desa, dirinya sendiri dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya.  Layanan kami mendukung staf desa dalam akuntansi dan pengelolaan dana desa.
Sostener la vida en tiempos de incertidumbre: estrategias de aprovisionamiento de mujeres populares en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Pérez-Roa Lorena , Cuadra Montoya Ximena
Published: January 2024

This article delves into the provisioning strategies employed by low-income women in Santiago, Chile, to deal with the economic uncertainties that were exacerbated in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Provisioning strategies encompass both paid and unpaid work that women engage in to ensure the well-being of their households. To investigate these strategies, a series of qualitative follow-up interviews were conducted with fourteen female heads of households. The findings are categorized into three provisioning strategies: 1) caregiving, 2) resourcefulness, and 3) savings. These strategies are analyzed as a continuum of practices that are part of women's provisioning tasks. These practices do not conform to traditional distinctions between the public and private spheres, they adapt to the demands of the context, and they are not seen as transferable to others. Exploring provisioning strategies serves a dual purpose: firstly, it seeks to understand the economic pressures caused by the social context marked by high levels of political and economic uncertainty, and secondly, it allows us to analyze the economic adjustment practices that women had to develop to sustain life in a changing environment shaped by the cycles of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Activation of the P2RX7/IL-18 pathway in immune cells attenuates lung fibrosis
Authors: Janho dit Hreich Serena , Juhel Thierry , Leroy Sylvie , Ghinet Alina , Brau Frederic , Hofman Véronique , Hofman Paul , Vouret-Craviari Valérie
Published: January 2024

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aggressive interstitial lung disease associated with progressive and irreversible deterioration of respiratory functions that lacks curative therapies. Despite IPF being associated with a dysregulated immune response, current antifibrotics aim only at limiting fibroproliferation. We show here that the
P2RX7/IL-18/IFNG
axis is downregulated in IPF patients and that P2RX7 has immunoregulatory functions. Using our positive modulator of P2RX7, we show that activation of the P2RX7/IL-18 axis in immune cells limits lung fibrosis progression in a mouse model by favoring an anti-fibrotic immune environment, with notably an enhanced IL-18-dependent IFN-γ production by lung T cells leading to a decreased production of IL-17 and TGFβ. Overall, we show the ability of the immune system to limit lung fibrosis progression by targeting the immunomodulator P2RX7. Hence, treatment with a small activator of P2RX7 may represent a promising strategy to help patients with lung fibrosis.
PROGRAMA DE ACOMPAÑAMIENTO A PERSONAS DIAGNOSTICADAS CON CÁNCER DE CABEZA Y CUELLO, LIDERADO POR LA ENFERMERA DE PRÁCTICA AVANZADA CON MENCIÓN EN ONCOLOGÍA
Authors: Araya Ortega Veronica , Alcayaga Rojas Claudia
Published: January 2024

Se presenta una propuesta de intervención de enfermería de práctica avanzada (EPA) en oncología. OBJETIVO: implementar un programa de acompañamiento para pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello. PROPUESTA: Realizar un levantamiento del proceso y descripción del flujo que debe transitar el paciente oncológico desde la sospecha, diagnóstico, tratamiento, seguimiento y derivación a cuidados paliativos. En segunda instancia, crear e implementar una consulta de enfermería que pueda responder a las necesidades de atención de salud en forma holística de la persona con diagnóstico oncológico de cáncer de cabeza y cuello, tanto en las personas que se encuentran en fase sospecha y confirmación diagnóstica (consulta de ingreso) y en el proceso de seguimiento del sobreviviente (después de finalizado el tratamiento oncológico), a través de una puesta en marcha escalonada, con períodos de evaluación en cada uno de ellos. CONCLUSIONES: La heterogeneidad de la persona diagnosticada con cáncer de cabeza y cuello representa un desafío y se considera a la EPA un profesional para manejar casos complejos. El camino hacia este nuevo rol será paulatino, y requiere una transición tanto por el equipo de salud, los pacientes y las propias enfermeras dentro del marco legal vigente
История Паратетиса, "Природа"
Authors: Попов С.В. , Патина И.С.
Published: January 2024

Рассмотрена история формирования, развития и исчезновения гигантского внутриконтинентального моря Паратетис, со времени его образования в середине кайнозоя (34 млн лет назад) и до окончательного разделения его акватории на Черное и Каспийское моря в конце миоценовой эпохи (5.6 млн лет). История Паратетиса и организмов, в нем обитавших, в основном определялась его связями с океанами. При их расширении в Паратетисе устанавливался уровень вод Мирового океана, и он заселялся морскими организмами. При закрытии проливов Паратетис превращался в огромное озеро, уровень и соленость воды в котором зависели от соотношения речного стока и испарения: при положительном водном балансе бассейн начинал расширяться и опресняться, а при отрицательном — сокращался, в нем появлялись соленосные заливы и лагуны. Морская биота при этом погибала, а немногие организмы, способные выдерживать резкие изменения солевого, ионного и кислородного режимов, давали начало солоноватоводным специфичным группам фауны. Представления о палеогеографии Паратетиса хорошо отражают интервалы высокого стояния морских вод, но не учитывают эпохи довольно значительных падений уровня моря при его замыканиях. До недавнего времени не существовало методов восстановления палеогеографии для таких этапов. Только сейчас, с развитием сейсмостратиграфии, появилась возможность оценить масштаб и пространственную картину палеогеографических изменений при значительных сокращениях бассейна во время регрессий.
A Study on Consumption Pattern of Household in Vallanadu, Thoothukudi District of Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Elenchezhian T. , Senthilnathan S. , Thirumalainambi S. , Sindhu S. , Kumar G. R. Dharshan , Johnson B. , Rajendran T. , Jeyalakshmi P. , Kiruthika N. , Parimalarangan R.
Published: January 2024

The study focussed on the consumption pattern of rural households to analyse household consumption expenditure on both food and non food items. The present study used the primary data collected from rural households in Vallanadu village of Thoothukudi district in Tamilnadu using the questionnaire. In demographic details,we have observed that the average family size of the household is 4.The village has almost equal population of male and female.Then the village has comparatively higher male adult than the female adult , higher male children than the female children. In profession the most of the village people has only primary income for their survival and only few people has secondary income in additional to primary income. In land holding pattern, the village has the highest wetland area for farming and food source.In cropping pattern, the major crop grown in vallanadu is paddy. In household assets, TV & Bike are the most available household assets. In Household consumption expenditure,the consumption of the cereals is comparatively higher than the pulses. In non-food expenditures, most of their income is spend for the education purpose.percapita consumption as highest for cereals with 400g and 177g per day of vegetables.
Design of Hydraulic Motor Operated Bush-Cutter
Authors: Chavda S. K. , Jhala K. B. , Gaadhe S. K. , Gojiya K. M. , Chavda D. B. , Vadher A. L. , Mehta T. D.
Published: January 2024

In the India, farmers encounter issues with trimming boundary bushes and unwanted vegetation that obstruct roadsides, railway tracks, and electricity poles. This overgrowth is particularly noticeable after rainfall. When it encroaches onto roadsides, it creates obstacles for machinery, bullocks, and pedestrians. Typically, manual labor is employed for bush trimming, involving hand-operated secateurs, various types of axes, bill hooks, pruning saws, and other manual tools. This manual approach is not only risky but also physically demanding, expensive, and time-consuming. The transmission of mechanical power over extended distances is inefficient and not only cumbersome but also has several disadvantages when compared to hydraulic power. Thus, the hydraulic motor operated bush-cutter was designed. If the developed machine cannot withstand the substantial forces encountered during bush cutting/pruning operations, it can become ineffective due to plastic deformation or component breakage. Therefore, it is imperative to meticulously design the developed machine to enhance its operational lifespan and reduce farming costs. A Solid Works software was used to create 3D models and simulation of the machine.
CD3‐negative, CD20‐positive T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Tamayose Kenji , Sato Naotake , Ando Jun , Sugimoto Koichi , Oshimi Kazuo
Published: November 2002

We report a case of CD3‐negative, CD20‐positive T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL). The leukemic cells were of medium‐to‐large size, mature‐looking, and did not have cytoplasmic granules. The leukemic cells were negative for surface CD3, CD2, and CD7 and strongly positive for CD20. T‐cell lineage markers such as CD4, CD5, and cytoplasmic CD3 were also positive. A monoclonal rearrangement of the T‐cell receptor (TCR) β chain gene was detected. CD3‐negative T‐PLL has been reported often, but CD20‐positive T‐PLL has not. We reviewed seven cases of CD20‐positive immature and mature T‐cell leukemias, including the present case. Three were immature T‐cell leukemias (acute lymphoblastic leukemia), and four were mature T‐cell leukemias (granular lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia, adult T‐cell leukemia, and the present case). Splenomegaly was a common feature. However, our case alone had “bright” CD20 expression on the leukemic cells. This is the first report of CD20+ T‐PLL. Am. J. Hematol. 71:331–335, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling of signaling networks
Authors: Neves Susana R. , Iyengar Ravi
Published: November 2002

Biochemical networks, including those containing signaling pathways, display a wide range of regulatory properties. These include the ability to propagate information across different time scales and to function as switches and oscillators. The mechanisms underlying these complex behaviors involve many interacting components and cannot be understood by experiments alone. The development of computational models and the integration of these models with experiments provide valuable insight into these complex systems‐level behaviors. Here we review current approaches to the development of computational models of biochemical networks and describe the insights gained from models that integrate experimental data, using three examples that deal with ultrasensitivity, flexible bistability and oscillatory behavior. These types of complex behavior from relatively simple networks highlight the necessity of using theoretical approaches in understanding higher order biological functions. BioEssays 24:1110–1117, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Periodicals, Inc.
Biooxidation of n‐hexanol by alcohol oxidase and catalase in biphasic and micellar systems without solvent
Authors: Karra‐Chaabouni Maha , Pulvin Sylviane , Meziani Abdelghani , Thomas Daniel , Touraud Didier , Kunz Werner
Published: November 2002

Alcohol oxidase from Pichia pastoris together with catalase from bovine liver was used to oxidize n‐hexanol to hexanal. For this purpose, an aqueous buffer solution was mixed with large amounts of hexanol by simple agitation, yielding a biphasic system, or by adding the nonionic surfactant Brij 35. Initial velocities and reaction yields after 24 h were measured as a function of various parameters such as the amounts of enzymes, hexanol, or surfactant. High enzymatic activity was determined for hexanol concentrations of between 20 mass% and 80 mass% without using any additional organic solvent. The homogenization of the biphasic systems with the help of Brij 35 did not yield a significant improvement of the bioconversion, which would justify the use of surfactants. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 81: 27–32, 2003.
Hamiltonian structure and statistically relevant conserved quantities for the truncated Burgers‐Hopf equation
Authors: Abramov Rafail V. , Kovačič Gregor , Majda Andrew J.
Published: November 2002

In dynamical systems with intrinsic chaos, many degrees of freedom, and many conserved quantities, a fundamental issue is the statistical relevance of suitable subsets of these conserved quantities in appropriate regimes. The Galerkin truncation of the Burgers‐Hopf equation has been introduced recently as a prototype model with solutions exhibiting intrinsic stochasticity and a wide range of correlation scaling behavior that can be predicted successfully by simple scaling arguments. Here it is established that the truncated Burgers‐Hopf model is a Hamiltonian system with Hamiltonian given by the integral of the third power. This additional conserved quantity, beyond the energy, has been ignored in previous statistical mechanics studies of this equation. Thus, the question arises of the statistical significance of the Hamiltonian beyond that of the energy. First, an appropriate statistical theory is developed that includes both the energy and Hamiltonian. Then a convergent Monte Carlo algorithm is developed for computing equilibrium statistical distributions. The probability distribution of the Hamiltonian on a microcanonical energy surface is studied through the Monte‐Carlo algorithm and leads to the concept of statistically relevant and irrelevant values for the Hamiltonian. Empirical numerical estimates and simple analysis are combined to demonstrate that the statistically relevant values of the Hamiltonian have vanishingly small measure as the number of degrees of freedom increases with fixed mean energy. The predictions of the theory for relevant and irrelevant values for the Hamiltonian are confirmed through systematic numerical simulations. For statistically relevant values of the Hamiltonian, these simulations show a surprising spectral tilt rather than equipartition of energy. This spectral tilt is predicted and confirmed independently by Monte Carlo simulations based on equilibrium statistical mechanics together with a heuristic formula for the tilt. On the other hand, the theoretically predicted correlation scaling law is satisfied both for statistically relevant and irrelevant values of the Hamiltonian with excellent accuracy. The results established here for the Burgers‐Hopf model are a prototype for similar issues with significant practical importance in much more complex geophysical applications. Several interesting mathematical problems suggested by this study are mentioned in the final section. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Engaged urokinase receptors enhance tumor breast cell migration and invasion by upregulating αvβ5 vitronectin receptor cell surface expression
Authors: Silvestri Immacolata , Longanesi Cattani Immacolata , Franco Paola , Pirozzi Giuseppe , Botti Gerardo , Stoppelli Maria Patrizia , Carriero Maria Vincenza
Published: November 2002

We have previously shown that urokinase receptor physically and functionally interacts with αvβ5 vitronectin receptor, leading to tumor breast cell migration and invasion. Here, the link between these 2 receptors was further investigated by analyzing the expression levels of urokinase receptor and αvβ5 integrin in 35 human breast carcinomas and 5 benign breast lesions. The occurrence of a positive correlation between urokinase receptor and αvβ5 protein levels in benign and malignant tumor specimens prompted us to investigate whether engaged urokinase receptors might modulate αvβ5 expression. Here, we report the receptor‐dependent ability of catalytically inactive urokinase to upregulate the αv and β5 chains in MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 breast carcinoma cell lines in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. This effect is dependent on protein kinase C activity and requires new protein synthesis. Accordingly, the availability of assembled αvβ5 receptors on the cell surface increases upon urokinase treatment, as shown by immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemical analyses. Exposure to urokinase leads to enhanced tumor cell migration and invasion, which is prevented by the “phosphorylation‐like” urokinase receptor antagonist His‐uPA138E/303E, the DNA‐binding drug mithramycin, the protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin C and anti‐αvβ5 antibodies. Finally, urokinase enables benign breast MCF‐10A cells to cross Matrigel in a αvβ5‐ and urokinase receptor‐dependent manner, indicating that urokinase controls a regulatory circuitry crucial to breast tumor progression. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of blood oxygenation level‐dependent sensitivity in magnetic resonance imaging using intermolecular double‐quantum coherence
Authors: Zhong Jianhui , Chen Zhong , Kwok W. Edmund , Kennedy Scott , You Zhiyang
Published: November 2002

Purpose

To optimize timing parameters in an intermolecular double‐quantum coherence (iDQC) imaging pulse sequence for overall image signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) sensitivity for brain functional imaging.

Material and Methods

Fresh human blood was measured under different oxygenation conditions, and human brain functional magnetic resonance (fMR) images in three normal volunteers were obtained, using iDQC techniques at 1.5 T. The dependence of SNR and BOLD sensitivity was measured as a function of time delays after the iDQC evolution period.

Results

A time delay after the iDQC evolution period τ can be adjusted either to refocus the dephasing accumulated during τ, thus increasing SNR, with full rephasing occurring at delay = ±2τ (for iDQC order n = ±2), or to enhance BOLD effects with consequent reduced image SNR at delay = 0.

Conclusion

Image SNR and BOLD sensitivity often impose different requirements for iDQC image sequence design and timing parameter selections. It is therefore important to select properly relevant parameters for different applications. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:733–740. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Miniaturized linear time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer with pulsed extraction
Authors: Prieto Maria C. , Kovtoun Viatcheslav V. , Cotter R. J.
Published: November 2002

Improved resolution for a miniaturized instrument is demonstrated at high masses using a pulsed extraction, 3″ linear time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass analyzer. This illustrates the utility of a small and simple mass spectrometer for biological/medical analyses. Current and future applications suggested by this instrument include rapid mass spectral reading of oligonucleotides that differ in one base (single nucleotide polymorphisms), distinction of biomarker signatures from different species of bacterial spores (biological weapons detection) and point‐of‐care instruments for proteomics‐based diagnostics. We have incorporated a two‐stage, pulsed‐extraction design that places the focal plane of the ions at the detector channel plate surface. The ions are accelerated to a total energy of 12 keV to enable detection of high‐mass proteins in a design that incorporates a floatable flight tube set at the voltage of the front channel plate of the detector. The resultant elimination of post‐acceleration at the detector is intended to improve mass resolution by reducing the difference in arrival times between ions and their neutral products. Resolutions of one part in 1200 at m/z 4500 and one part in 600 at m/z 12 000 have been achieved. Proteins with molecular masses up to 66 000 Da, mixtures of oligonucleotides, and biological spores have all been successfully measured, results that increase the potential use of this TOF analyzer. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncovering the cognitive duality of bilinguals through word association
Authors: Luna David , Peracchio Laura A.
Published: November 2002

This article examines the nature of the cognitive structures of bilingual consumers. The article begins by describing a psycholinguistic model that suggests that bilinguals have different structures for each of the languages they know. In a marketing context, this model implies that even the perfect translation of a marketing communication may not have the same meaning as the original. The article proposes that word‐association tasks may help marketers gain insight into the dual cognitive structures of bilingual consumers and discover possible differences in meaning across languages. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mapping consumers' mental models with ZMET
Authors: Christensen Glenn L. , Olson Jerry C.
Published: November 2002

In the quest to understand the customer, consumer researchers, whether practitioner or academic, must understand the perceived personal relevance of a product, service, or brand from the consumers' perspective. Fundamentally, what must be understood are the cognitive structures or mental models that underlie consumers' feelings of involvement. This article demonstrates the power of the Zaltman metaphor‐elicitation technique (ZMET) (Zaltman, 1997) to gain such consumer insight by first eliciting and then mapping consumers' knowledge structures. The article provides illustrations of how ZMET can be used to create a collective cognitive map for a group of consumers, and how ZMET data can be mapped in different ways to give greater insight into consumers' product knowledge structures. Also provided is a description of how the knowledge structures of consumers are subdivided and grouped around important meaning themes that frame and motivate a person's involvement with an activity. Ultimately, it is demonstrated that consumers' mental models are made up of both cognitive (beliefs) and emotional (feelings) components, and that these structures of meaning are activated by the current consumption situation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of price knowledge in consumer product knowledge structures
Authors: Lawson Robert , Bhagat Parimal S.
Published: November 2002

In this study price knowledge is viewed as a necessary component of a product knowledge structure, in which it is inferred from domain‐specific relations among product features. Consumers' knowledge of tuition rates of colleges and universities was investigated in two tuition‐estimation experiments. In Experiment 1, providing participants with seed knowledge of a small subset of listed schools improved the mapping properties of the estimates and reduced reliance on using the availability heuristic. In Experiment 2, similar effects were observed when instructions contained information about tuition magnitudes of school groupings, information about how to categorize schools into these groups, and, especially, both types of information combined. Results were interpreted within a frame structural view of consumer knowledge, in which price knowledge occupies an obligatory slot in a richly structured frame as opposed to being derived from memory of isolated exposures to specific prices. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison of three models to explain shop‐bot use on the web
Authors: Gentry Lance , Calantone Roger
Published: November 2002

An ongoing requirement in the 21st century is that marketers must understand the impact of the network economy on buyer behavior. Although new models will certainly be developed, it seems reasonable that existing models of buyer behavior will still apply. This study uses structural‐equations modeling to test if three popular models of behavioral intent—the theory of reasoned action, the theory of planned behavior, and the technology acceptance model—work in a network context. It recommends the technology‐acceptance model as superior to the others in the current network context, and also shows how to check and account for the presence of common method bias in a single source instrument. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Five years of insight into the World's Most Admired Companies
Authors: Stark Melvyn J.
Published: November 2002

For human resources professionals and line managers alike, a standing question is: How do we operate and in
what context do we do our work? There is a theme that emerges in terms of what distinguishes the most
admired organizations from their peer companies, and this provides numerous openings for both HR professionals
and line managers to enhance the performance of their organizations. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.
Award‐winning results from implementing strategic change at Avaya Ireland
Authors: Dwyer Graham , Doyle Ciaran
Published: November 2002

This case study describes the strategic change management process at Avaya Ireland, a medium‐size
enterprise operating in a rapidly changing environment from 1992 to the present. Having adapted to a volatile
business environment, Avaya won the Irish Business Excellence Award in November 1998 and the European Quality
Award (SME category) in September 2000. Renowned as a center of excellence in Europe, the facility was
one of the first organizations to receive the ISO9001: 2000 standard. Analyzing Avaya Ireland's experience
provides an insight into the relationship between environmental factors and organizational level‐strategic
change. The strategic change process at the Avaya Ireland facility offers a framework for developing strategic
capability for survival in a complex sociological, political, and economic environment. © 2002 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc.