bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NOTES ON THE DPRM PROPERTY FOR LISTABLE STRUCTURES
Authors: PASTEN HECTOR
Published: November 2021

A celebrated result by Davis, Putnam, Robinson, and Matiyasevich shows that a set of integers is listable if and only if it is positive existentially definable in the language of arithmetic. We investigate analogues of this result over structures endowed with a listable presentation. When such an analogue holds, the structure is said to have the DPRM property. We prove several results addressing foundational aspects around this problem, such as uniqueness of the listable presentation, transference of the DPRM property under interpretation, and its relation with positive existential bi-interpretability. A first application of our results is the rigorous proof of (strong versions of) several folklore facts regarding transference of the DPRM property. Another application of the theory we develop is that it will allow us to link various Diophantine conjectures to the question of whether the DPRM property holds for global fields. This last topic includes a study of the number of existential quantifiers needed to define a Diophantine set.
Displacing Political Islam in Indonesia
Authors: Formichi Chiara
Published: November 2021

This article investigates the narrative of Islamic nationalism in twentieth-century Indonesia, focussing on the experience of, and discourse surrounding, the self-identified Islamist Darul Islam movement and its leader, S. M. Kartosuwiryo (1905–1962). I offer a narrative of the independence struggle that counters the one advanced by Indonesia's Pancasila state, and allows us to capture subtleties that old discussions of separatism—with their assumption of fixed centres and peripheries—cannot illuminate.

The article unfolds three historical threads connected to ideas of exile and displacement (physical and intellectual), and the reconstitution (successful or failed) that followed from those processes. Starting from the political circumstances under which Kartosuwiryo retreated to West Java after the Dutch reinvasion of 1947—in a form of physical exile and political displacement from the centre of politics to the periphery, from a position of political centrality to one of marginality and opposition—I then transition to an elaboration of Kartosuwiryo's ideology. His political strategy emerges as a form of voluntary intellectual displacement that bounced between local visions of authority, nationalist projects, and transregional imaginations in order to establish the political platform he envisioned for postcolonial Indonesia. Lastly, I argue that the elision of Islam from the reconstructed narrative of Kartosuwiryo's intentions, characterised as separatist and anti-nationalist, was a key aspect of Indonesia's nation-building process. It is my final contention that official Indonesian history's displacement of Kartosuwiryo's goals away from Islam and into the realm of separatism allowed for two reconstitutive processes, one pertaining to political Islam as a negative political force, and the other to Kartosuwiryo as a martyr for Islam.
Mechatronics design of self-adaptive under-actuated climbing robot for pole climbing and ground moving
Authors: Liu Yuwang , Yu Yi , Wang Dongqi , Yang Sheng , Liu Jinguo
Published: November 2021

Climbing robots have broad application prospects in aerospace equipment inspection, forest farm monitoring, and pipeline maintenance. Different types of climbing robots in existing research have different advantages. However, the self-adaptability and stability have not been achieved at the same time. In order to realize the self-adaptability of holding and climbing stability, this work proposes a new type of climbing robot under the premise of minimizing the driving source. The robot realizes stable multifinger holding and wheeled movement through two motors. At the same time, the robot has two different working modes, namely pole climbing and ground crawling. The holding adaptability and climbing stability are realized by underactuated holding mechanism and model reference adaptive controller (MRAC). On the basis of model design and parameter analysis, a prototype of the climbing robot is built. Experiments prove that the proposed climbing robot has the ability to stably climb poles of different shapes. The holding and climbing stability, self-adaptability, and climbing and crawling speed of the proposed climbing robot are verified by experiments.
Perceptions of Academic Departmental Climate by Men and Women and the Effects of Such Perceptions on Research Productivity
Authors: Hill Kim Quaile , Hurley Patricia Ann
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate how men and women political scientists in PhD-granting departments perceive the professional climates there. We find remarkable differences in how men and women perceive the “cultural” climates of their departments, such as the degree to which it is sexist, but not in how they perceive strictly collegial aspects of climate. We also demonstrate that these patterns characterize the perceptions of men and women at both junior and senior ranks. Contrary to some past research, we also find that climate perceptions do not have a general effect on faculty research productivity. Further, perceptions of high departmental sexism by women scholars does not degrade their research productivity.
Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the mindful self-care scale among Brazilian palliative care providers
Authors: Garcia Ana Cláudia Mesquita , Silva Laura Soares Rodrigues , Ferreira Ana Cristina Gonçalves , Conceição Vander Monteiro da , Meireles Everson , Mills Jason
Published: November 2021

Objective

This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS, 33-item) in a Brazilian hospice and palliative care context.

Method

This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 336 Brazilian hospice and palliative care providers. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer — Quality of Life Group Translation Procedure protocol was used for the translation and the cultural adaptation process. Psychometric properties supporting the use of the MSCS were examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and correlation analysis with other instruments to assess congruence to related constructs (resilience and self-compassion). The reliability of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the MSCS was assessed using Cronbach's α and composite reliability coefficients.

Results

The six-factor (33-item) model showed a good fit to the data, with satisfactory reliability indices and adequate representation of the scale's internal structure. Further validity is evidenced in the significant, positive correlations found between the MSCS, and similar well-being constructs, namely the Self-Compassion and Resilience scales.

Significance of results

The findings reveal that the MSCS (33-item) is a valid, reliable, and culturally appropriate instrument to examine the practice of mindful self-care by hospice and palliative care providers in Brazil. More broadly, it represents a promising instrument for future research into self-care practices and well-being among Brazilian healthcare providers.
PREDICATIVISM AS A FORM OF POTENTIALISM
Authors: LINNEBO ØYSTEIN , SHAPIRO STEWART
Published: November 2021

In the literature, predicativism is connected not only with the Vicious Circle Principle but also with the idea that certain totalities are inherently potential. To explain the connection between these two aspects of predicativism, we explore some approaches to predicativity within the modal framework for potentiality developed in Linnebo (2013) and Linnebo and Shapiro (2019). This puts predicativism into a more general framework and helps to sharpen some of its key theses.
Stress Perturbations From Hydrological and Industrial Loads and Seismicity in the Salt Lake City Region
Authors: Hu Xie , Xue Liang , Bürgmann Roland , Fu Yuning
Published: November 2021

The interconnection between anthropogenic and natural surface loads and seismicity continues to be poorly understood. The metropolitan Salt Lake City in Utah hosts various industrial, hydrological, and tectonic processes, including the Bingham Canyon mine and its associated tailings facility, precipitation and water storage at the surface and in aquifers, as well as the seismically active Wasatch Fault Zone. The March 18, 2020 M5.7 Magna earthquake occurred east of a mine tailings impoundment that receives ∼60 million tons/yr of ore waste products since the early 1900s. Here we investigate the spatiotemporal elastic stress changes due to anthropogenic mass transfer and natural hydrological loading and unloading. Two local earthquake clusters host persistent microseismicity and the 2020 M5.7 Magna earthquake sequence. The amplitude and sign of the computed Coulomb stress changes at seismogenic depths strongly vary with the receiver fault geometry, the frictional coefficient, and the location, and can reach tens of kPa and ∼1 kPa/yr due to the tailings loads, a substantial fraction of background tectonic loading. The long‐term and seasonal stress changes from regional hydrological processes are only up to a few kPa. A lack of statistically significant seasonality in seismicity across Utah suggests a weak control by cyclic hydrological loads. Explicit knowledge of the fault architecture is essential to allow for seismic hazard assessment considering external stress loading.
Thermobaric Processes Both Drive and Constrain Seasonal Ventilation in Deep Great Slave Lake, Canada
Authors: Carmack Eddy , Vagle Svein
Published: November 2021

The contrasting roles of seasonal stratification and seasonal ventilation are among the most important attributes of lake systems in defining their geochemistry, biology and response to climate forcing. The physical processes that regulate these processes are especially significant in very deep lakes, where the joint effect of temperature and pressure on water density becomes important. Here we report on a year‐long time series (2019–2020) of temperature from a mooring deployed in seasonally ice covered and dimictic Great Slave Lake (614 m depth). Because the temperature of maximum density (TMD) decreases with increasing pressure, once ∼4°C water begins to sink, it is no longer at its depth‐specific maximum density and additional processes are required to drive convection and convective mixing. The key physical mechanism governing deep‐water renewal is the conditional thermobaric instability. We show here that (a) different temperature dynamics control the quantity and timing of convective renewal in the upper ∼200 m versus deep‐water renewal below; (b) fall and spring deep‐water renewal events are asymmetric and linked to weather during the brief time of ice forming (melting) and surface temperatures cooling (warming) through 4°C; (c) short term variability (days to weeks) related to the length of time between surface waters passing through TMD and ice formation (fall) and melt (spring) shapes the subsequent thermal structure; and (d) the penetration of solar radiation through ice in early spring drives penetrative convection in the upper layer, deepening the mixed‐layer, and this likely affects the timing of spring phytoplankton production.
Programmable microbial ink for 3D printing of living materials produced from genetically engineered protein nanofibers
Authors: Duraj-Thatte Anna M. , Manjula-Basavanna Avinash , Rutledge Jarod , Xia Jing , Hassan Shabir , Sourlis Arjirios , Rubio Andrés G. , Lesha Ami , Zenkl Michael , Kan Anton , Weitz David A. , Zhang Yu Shrike , Joshi Neel S.
Published: November 2021

Living cells have the capability to synthesize molecular components and precisely assemble them from the nanoscale to build macroscopic living functional architectures under ambient conditions. The emerging field of living materials has leveraged microbial engineering to produce materials for various applications but building 3D structures in arbitrary patterns and shapes has been a major challenge. Here we set out to develop a bioink, termed as “microbial ink” that is produced entirely from genetically engineered microbial cells, programmed to perform a bottom-up, hierarchical self-assembly of protein monomers into nanofibers, and further into nanofiber networks that comprise extrudable hydrogels. We further demonstrate the 3D printing of functional living materials by embedding programmed Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells and nanofibers into microbial ink, which can sequester toxic moieties, release biologics, and regulate its own cell growth through the chemical induction of rationally designed genetic circuits. In this work, we present the advanced capabilities of nanobiotechnology and living materials technology to 3D-print functional living architectures.
Mutational signatures in GATA3 transcription factor and its DNA binding domain that stimulate breast cancer and HDR syndrome
Authors: El-Assaad Atlal , Dawy Zaher , Khalil Athar , Nemer Georges
Published: November 2021

Transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in many biochemical processes. Many human genetic disorders have been associated with mutations in the genes encoding these transcription factors, and so those mutations became targets for medications and drug design. In parallel, since many transcription factors act either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, their mutations are mostly associated with cancer. In this perspective, we studied theGATA3transcription factor when bound toDNAin a crystal structure and assessed the effect of different mutations encountered in patients with different diseases and phenotypes. We generated all missense mutants ofGATA3protein and DNA within the adjacent and the oppositeGATA3:DNAcomplex models. We mutated every amino acid and studied the new binding of the complex after each mutation. Similarly, we did for everyDNAbase. We applied Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatic calculations feeding into free energy calculations. After analyzing our data, we identified amino acids and DNA bases keys for binding. Furthermore, we validated those findings against experimental genetic data. Our results are the first to propose in silico modeling forGATA:DNAbound complexes that could be used to score effects of missense mutations in other classes of transcription factors involved in common and genetic diseases.
Genotyping-in-Thousands by sequencing of archival fish scales reveals maintenance of genetic variation following a severe demographic contraction in kokanee salmon
Authors: Setzke Christopher , Wong Carmen , Russello Michael A.
Published: November 2021

Historical DNA analysis of archival samples has added new dimensions to population genetic studies, enabling spatiotemporal approaches for reconstructing population history and informing conservation management. Here we tested the efficacy of Genotyping-in-Thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) for collecting targeted single nucleotide polymorphism genotypic data from archival scale samples, and applied this approach to a study of kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Kluane National Park and Reserve (KNPR; Yukon, Canada) that underwent a severe 12-year population decline followed by a rapid rebound. We genotyped archival scales sampled pre-crash and contemporary fin clips collected post-crash, revealing high coverage (> 90% average genotyping across all individuals) and low genotyping error (< 0.01% within-libraries, 0.60% among-libraries) despite the relatively poor quality of recovered DNA. We observed slight decreases in expected heterozygosity, allelic diversity, and effective population size post-crash, but none were significant, suggesting genetic diversity was retained despite the severe demographic contraction. Genotypic data also revealed the genetic distinctiveness of a now extirpated population just outside of KNPR, revealing biodiversity loss at the northern edge of the species distribution. More broadly, we demonstrated GT-seq as a valuable tool for collecting genome-wide data from archival samples to address basic questions in ecology and evolution, and inform applied research in wildlife conservation and fisheries management.
Structural, electrical, and magnetic study of La-, Eu-, and Er- doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterials obtained by solution combustion synthesis
Authors: Wrzesińska Angelika , Khort Alexander , Witkowski Marcin , Szczytko Jacek , Ryl Jacek , Gurgul Jacek , Kharitonov Dmitry S. , Łątka Kazimierz , Szumiata Tadeusz , Wypych-Puszkarz Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

In this work, the multiferroic bismuth ferrite materials Bi0.9RE0.1FeO3 doped by rare-earth (RE = La, Eu, and Er) elements were obtained by the solution combustion synthesis. Structure, electrical, and magnetic properties of prepared samples were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, electrical hysteresis measurement, broadband dielectric spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry. All obtained nanomaterials are characterized by spontaneous electrical polarization, which confirmed their ferroelectric properties. Investigation of magnetic properties at 300.0 K and 2.0 K showed that all investigated Bi0.9RE0.1FeO3 ferrites possess significantly higher magnetization in comparison to bismuth ferrites obtained by different methods. The highest saturation magnetisation of 5.161 emu/g at 300.0 K was observed for the BLaFO sample, while at 2.0 K it was 12.07 emu/g for the BErFO sample. Several possible reasons for these phenomena were proposed and discussed.
Assessment of histological characteristics, imaging markers, and rt-PA susceptibility of ex vivo venous thrombi
Authors: Hendley Samuel A. , Dimov Alexey , Bhargava Aarushi , Snoddy Erin , Mansour Daniel , Afifi Rana O. , Wool Geoffrey D. , Zha Yuanyuan , Sammet Steffen , Lu Zheng Feng , Ahmed Osman , Paul Jonathan D. , Bader Kenneth B.
Published: November 2021

Venous thromboembolism is a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Catheter-directed thrombolytics is the primary treatment used to relieve critical obstructions, though its efficacy varies based on the thrombus composition. Non-responsive portions of the specimen often remain in situ, which prohibits mechanistic investigation of lytic resistance or the development of diagnostic indicators for treatment outcomes. In this study, thrombus samples extracted from venous thromboembolism patients were analyzed ex vivo to determine their histological properties, susceptibility to lytic therapy, and imaging characteristics. A wide range of thrombus morphologies were observed, with a dependence on age and etymology of the specimen. Fibrinolytic inhibitors including PAI-1, alpha 2-antiplasmin, and TAFI were present in samples, which may contribute to the response venous thrombi to catheter-directed thrombolytics. Finally, a weak but significant correlation was observed between the response of the sample to lytic drug and its magnetic microstructure assessed with a quantitative MRI sequence. These findings highlight the myriad of changes in venous thrombi that may promote lytic resistance, and imaging metrics that correlate with treatment outcomes.
Effects of foliar application of micronutrients on concentration and bioavailability of zinc and iron in wheat landraces and cultivars
Authors: Hao Baozhen , Ma Jingli , Jiang Lina , Wang Xiaojie , Bai Yongqu , Zhou Chuangchuang , Ren Simin , Li Chunxi , Wang Zhimin
Published: November 2021

Foliar application of micronutrient is a rapid and promising strategy to enhance the concentration and bioavailability of micronutrients in wheat grain. To explore the effects of foliar application of micronutrients on the concentration and bioavailability of zinc and iron in grain in wheat cultivars and landraces, field experiments were carried out using 65 wheat cultivars and 28 landraces to assess the effects of foliar application of zinc (iron) on phytic acid concentrations, zinc (iron) concentrations and their molar ratios. The results indicated that mean grain zinc concentration of landraces (44.83 mg kg−1) was 11.13% greater than that of cultivars (40.34 mg kg−1) on average across seasons, while grain iron concentration did not differ significantly between landraces (41.00 mg kg−1) and cultivars (39.43 mg kg−1). Foliar zinc application significantly improved the concentration and bioavailability of zinc in grains in both cultivars and landraces, while landraces had almost two-fold more increase in grain zinc and also greater improvement in zinc bioavailability compared to cultivars. While foliar iron application did not significantly affect iron concentration and bioavailability in grains in either cultivars or landraces. Our study showed that, with foliar application of zinc but not iron, wheat landraces had better performance than cultivars in terms of the increases in both concentration and bioavailability of micronutrient in grains.
Reconciling biome-wide conservation of an apex carnivore with land-use economics in the increasingly threatened Pantanal wetlands
Authors: Tortato Fernando R. , Hoogesteijn Rafael , Devlin Allison L. , Quigley Howard B. , Bolzan Fábio , Izzo Thiago J. , Ferraz Katia M. P. M. B. , Peres Carlos A.
Published: November 2021

Conservation of carnivores involves finding solutions to minimize habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict. Understanding the nature of land-use economics can allow us to mitigate both threats. In the Pantanal, the two main economic activities are cattle ranching and ecotourism, each of which directly and indirectly affect the persistence of jaguars (Panthera onca). To understand how the geography of these economic activities is related to jaguar populations, we developed a jaguar distribution model (JDM), livestock density model, and ecotourism lodge density model for the Pantanal. Due to the recent wildfires within the Pantanal, we also assess the impact of burnt areas that are suitable for jaguars, cattle ranching, and tourism. Our JDM indicate that 64% of the Pantanal holds suitable habitat for jaguars. However, jaguar habitat suitability was positively correlated with ecotourism, but negatively correlated with areas most suitable for intensive cattle-ranching. This demonstrates a biome-wide scenario compatible with jaguar conservation. Of particular concern, recent wildfires overlap most suitable areas for jaguars. If wildfires become increasingly frequent, this would represent a serious threat to jaguars and many other wildlife populations. We emphasize the global importance of the Pantanal wetland ecoregion as a key stronghold for long-term jaguar conservation.
Assessment of physical, microstructural, thermal, techno-functional and rheological characteristics of apple (Malus domestica) seeds of Northern Himalayas
Authors: Manzoor Mehnaza , Singh Jagmohan , Gani Adil
Published: November 2021

In this research, two common apple seed cultivars Viz: ‘Golden Delicious’ (GD) and ‘Red Delicious’ (RD) of Northern Himalayan region were characterized for physical, techno-functional, microstructure, thermal, and rheological properties. Seeds showed a significant difference in width, arithmetic, and geometric mean diameters, volume, and surface area. Proximate analysis results revealed that seed flours have high oil content (> 20%) and are potentially rich sources of protein (> 40%). Color analysis of flours indicated their satisfactory whiter color with higher brightness values (L* ˃ 75), resulting from the reduced particle size which allows greater light penetration and relatively lower a* (< 1.5) and b* (< 11) values. Techno-functional attributes including water/oil absorption capacity, emulsifying capacity, and emulsion stability were significantly higher in RD than GD flour. There was also a significant difference in the average particle size of seed flours. Flour micrographs indicated the presence of oval/spherical-shaped starch granules embedded in dense protein matrix while, Differential Scanning calorimeter (DSC) revealed exothermic transition enthalpies for seed flours. Additionally, seed flours depicted high elastic modulus (G′), suggesting their suitability for modifying food texture. It was concluded that apple seeds exhibit significant potential for use in formulating protein-enriched foods while contributing to reducing industrial wastage.
Multidisciplinary management to optimize outcome of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in patients with uterine fibroids
Authors: Recker Florian , Thudium Marcus , Strunk Holger , Tonguc Tolga , Dohmen Sara , Luechters Guido , Bette Birgit , Welz Simone , Salam Babak , Wilhelm Kai , Egger Eva K. , Wüllner Ullrich , Attenberger Ulrike , Mustea Alexander , Conrad Rupert , Marinova Milka
Published: November 2021

Little is known about the specific anaesthesiological and multidisciplinary management of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in uterine fibroids. This observational single-center study is the first reporting on an interdisciplinary approach to optimize outcome following ultrasound (US)-guided HIFU in German-speaking countries. A sample of forty patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids was treated by HIFU. Relevant treatment parameters such as total treatment time for intervention, anaesthesia, and sonication time as well as total energy, body temperature, peri-interventional medication and complications were analyzed. Interventional variables did not correlate significantly either with opioid dose or with body temperature. The average fibroid volume reduction rate was 37.8% ± 23.5%, 48.5% ± 22.0% and 70.2% ± 25.5% after 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively. No major anaesthesiological complications occurred apart from an epileptic seizure prior to HIFU treatment in one patient. Peri-procedural hyperthermia (> 37.5 °C) occurred in two patients. Post-procedural two patients experienced a sciatic nerve irritation up to one year; one patient with very large treated fibroid experienced strong short-lasting post-procedural pain. There were two complication-free pregnancies of HIFU-treated patients. Multidisciplinary management is crucial to optimize safety and outcome of US-guided HIFU for uterine fibroids. Peri-procedural pain and temperature management are critical points where an adequate collaboration between anesthesiologist and interventionalist is mandatory.
On the mechanism of carrier recombination in downsized blue micro-LEDs
Authors: Chen Po-Wei , Hsiao Po-Wen , Chen Hsuan-Jen , Lee Bo-Sheng , Chang Kai-Ping , Yen Chao-Chun , Horng Ray-Hua , Wuu Dong-Sing
Published: November 2021

The mechanism of carrier recombination in downsized μ-LED chips from 100 × 100 to 10 × 10 μm2 on emission performance was systemically investigated. All photolithography processes for defining the μ-LED pattern were achieved by using a laser direct writing technique. This maskless technology achieved the glass-mask-free process, which not only can improve the exposure accuracy but also save the development time. The multi-functional SiO2 film as a passivation layer successfully reduced the leakage current density of μ-LED chips compared with the μ-LED chips without passivation layer. As decreasing the chip size to 10 × 10 μm2, the smallest chip size exhibited the highest ideality factor, which indicated the main carrier recombination at the high-defect-density zone in μ-LED chip leading to the decreased emission performance. The blue-shift phenomenon in the electroluminescence spectrum with decreasing the μ-LED chip size was due to the carrier screening effect and the band filling effect. The 10 × 10 μm2 μ-LED chip exhibited high EQE values in the high current density region with a less efficiency droop, and the max-EQE value was 18.8%. The luminance of 96 × 48 μ-LED array with the chip size of 20 × 20 μm2 exhibited a high value of 516 nits at the voltage of 3 V.
Human intracranial recordings reveal distinct cortical activity patterns during invasive and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation
Authors: Schuerman William L. , Nourski Kirill V. , Rhone Ariane E. , Howard Matthew A. , Chang Edward F. , Leonard Matthew K.
Published: November 2021

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is being used increasingly to treat a wide array of diseases and disorders. This growth is driven in part by the putative ability to stimulate the nerve non-invasively. Despite decades of use and a rapidly expanding application space, we lack a complete understanding of the acute effects of VNS on human cortical neurophysiology. Here, we investigated cortical responses to sub-perceptual threshold cervical implanted (iVNS) and transcutaneous auricular (taVNS) vagus nerve stimulation using intracranial neurophysiological recordings in human epilepsy patients. To understand the areas that are modulated by VNS and how they differ depending on invasiveness and stimulation parameters, we compared VNS-evoked neural activity across a range of stimulation modalities, frequencies, and amplitudes. Using comparable stimulation parameters, both iVNS and taVNS caused subtle changes in low-frequency power across broad cortical networks, which were not the same across modalities and were highly variable across participants. However, within at least some individuals, it may be possible to elicit similar responses across modalities using distinct sets of stimulation parameters. These results demonstrate that both invasive and non-invasive VNS cause evoked changes in activity across a set of highly distributed cortical networks that are relevant to a diverse array of clinical, rehabilitative, and enhancement applications.
Selective electrochemical para-thiocyanation of aromatic amines under metal-, oxidant- and exogenous-electrolyte-free conditions
Authors: Zhang Ying , Gao Huanjie , Guo Jiabao , Zhang Hao , Yao Xiaoquan
Published: November 2021

A selective electrochemical direct para-C–H-thiocyanation reaction of aromatic amines under metal-, oxidant- and exogenous-electrolyte-free conditions was achieved in the presence of NH4SCN.
Synthesis and reactivity of heteroleptic zinc(i) complexes toward heteroallenes
Authors: Li Bin , Huse Kevin , Wölper Christoph , Schulz Stephan
Published: November 2021

Heteroleptic zinc(i) complexes Cp*Zn–ZnL1/2 were synthesized and reactions of Cp*Zn–ZnL22 with t-BuNCO and organoazides RN3 proceeded with insertion into the Zn–Zn bond and formation of novel zinc carbamate, bis-hexazene, triazenide, and azide complexes 4–7.
Pillararene-based molecular-scale porous materials
Authors: Li Meng-Hao , Lou Xin-Yue , Yang Ying-Wei
Published: November 2021

This feature article discusses the synthetic methods, functionalisation approaches and application potential of pillararene-based molecular-scale porous materials.
High-performance NH3 production via NO electroreduction over a NiO nanosheet array
Authors: Liu Pengyu , Liang Jie , Wang Jiaqian , Zhang Longcheng , Li Jun , Yue Luchao , Ren Yuchun , Li Tingshuai , Luo Yonglan , Li Na , Tang Bo , Liu Qian , Asiri Abdullah M. , Kong Qingquan , Sun Xuping
Published: November 2021

A NiO nanosheet array is active for NH3 electrosynthesis via a NO reduction reaction, attaining a faradaic efficiency of 90% and an NH3 yield of 2130 μg h−1 cm−2. Its aqueous Zn–NO battery offers a power density of 0.88 mW cm−2 and an NH3 yield of 228 μg h−1 cm−2.
Very close I⋯As and I⋯Sb interactions in trimethylpnictogen-pentafluoroiodobenzene cocrystals
Authors: Bujak Maciej , Stammler Hans-Georg , Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: November 2021

The unusually short, for any experimentally characterized molecular (co)crystal, directional C–I⋯As and C–I⋯Sb halogen bonds have been engineered in the supramolecular reactions of the in situ cocrystallized (CH3)3E (E = As or Sb) with C6F5I.
Towards the design of molecular cells for quantum cellular automata: critical reconsideration of the parameter regime for achieving functionality
Authors: Palii Andrew , Aldoshin Sergey , Tsukerblat Boris
Published: November 2021

Bistability and switchability of a molecular cell in Quantum Cellular Automata can be reached providing strong vibronic coupling without restricting requirement of strong Coulomb repulsion. This enlarges the area of potential molecular cells.
A comparative study of the degradation efficiency of chlorinated organic compounds by bimetallic zero-valent iron nanoparticles
Authors: Venkateshaiah Abhilash , Silvestri Daniele , Wacławek Stanisław , Ramakrishnan Rohith K. , Krawczyk Kamil , Saravanan Padmanapan , Pawlyta Mirosława , T. Padil Vinod V. , Černík Miroslav , Dionysiou Dionysios D.
Published: November 2021

Various bimetallic nZVI were used in the degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOC) in spiked water and real groundwater. It was found that Ni may be a good alternative to Pd to be used along with nZVI for dechlorination of CVOC.
Maternal sucralose exposure induces Paneth cell defects and exacerbates gut dysbiosis of progeny mice
Authors: Dai Xin , Wang Chen , Guo Zixuan , Li Yun , Liu Tianyu , Jin Ge , Wang Sinan , Wang Bangmao , Jiang Kui , Cao Hailong
Published: November 2021

Research has shown that maternal sucralose (MS) exposure alters the gut microbiota of offspring at weaning and predisposes the offspring to developing obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome later in life.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarumDMDL 9010 alleviates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and behavioral disorders by facilitating microbiota-gut-brain axis balance
Authors: Huang Yan-yan , Wu Ya-ping , Jia Xiang-ze , Lin Jin , Xiao Lan-fang , Liu Dong-mei , Liang Ming-hua
Published: November 2021

Lactiplantibacillus plantarumDMDL 9010 intake is a promising probiotic intervention strategy for the prevention of colitis-induced behavioral disorders through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Methanol as the C1 source: redox coupling of nitrobenzenes and alcohols for the synthesis of benzimidazoles
Authors: Li Hengzhao , Zhang Yuntong , Yan Zihan , Lai Zemin , Yang Ruoyan , Peng Mengqi , Sun Yanhao , An Jie
Published: November 2021

We present a greener redox coupling reaction for the synthesis of benzimidazoles using methanol as the C1 source.
Bessel beams: a potential strategy for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Lv Jiaxin , Zhu Chenwei , Tang Zhiyang , Li Qingzhou , Liu Kun , Zhang Wen , Liu Ke , Li Xiangyou
Published: November 2021

LIBS with Bessel beams has a longer focal depth and has higher accuracy and stability in the analysis of uneven surface samples than traditional Gaussian beams.
Advances in porous organic polymers: syntheses, structures, and diverse applications
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Gamal , EL-Mahdy Ahmed. F. M. , Kotp Mohammed G. , Kuo Shiao-Wei
Published: November 2021

In this review, we discuss the progress in the preparation methods and diverse applications for covalent triazine frameworks, hypercrosslinked polymers, covalent organic frameworks, and conjugated microporous polymers.
NIR-II imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma based on a humanized anti-GPC3 antibody
Authors: Shi Hui , Huttad Lakshmi Vageesh , Tan Mingdian , Liu Hongguang , Chua Mei-Sze , Cheng Zhen , So Samuel
Published: November 2021

A NIR-II fluorescence probe was synthesized based on a humanized anti-GPC3 antibody and ICG for HCC targeted NIR-II imaging. GPC3-ICG showed specific HCC cell line and Huh-7 tumor targeting imaging capability.
Spiro-based diamond-type nanogrids (DGs) via two ways: ‘A1B1’/‘A2 + B2’ type gridization of vertical spiro-based fluorenol synthons
Authors: Wei Ying , Li Yang , Lin Dongqing , Jin Dong , Du Xue , Zhong Chunxiao , Zhou Ping , Sun Yue , Xie Linghai , Huang Wei
Published: November 2021

Diamond-type nanogrids (DGs), can helically expand to form spiro-linked polymers. Herein, we designed and synthesized two types of DGs, DGs-1 (A1B1 mode) in 44–50% yields, and DGs-2 (A2 + B2 mode) in 64% yield.
Copper(i)-catalysed intramolecular hydroarylation-redox cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N-propargylanilines with phosphites
Authors: Li Guangzhe , Yu Guo , Wang Chengdong , Morita Taiki , Zhang Xuhai , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: November 2021

A simple method for site-selective synthesis of 2-phosphonotetrahydroquinolines. Tetrahydroquinoline was constructed by a cyclization reaction and in the meantime the phosphoric acid (ester) group was introduced to the C2-position.
A versatile and straightforward process to turn plastics into antibacterial materials
Authors: Hadiouch Slim , Maresca Marc , Gigmes Didier , Machado Guilherme , Maurel-Pantel Aurelien , Frik Sabrina , Saunier Johanna , Deniset-Besseau Ariane , Yagoubi Najet , Michalek Lukas , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Guillaneuf Yohann , Lefay Catherine
Published: November 2021

Antibacterial activity without cell cytotoxicity is conferred to common plastic materials by dispersion of amphiphilic cationic methacrylate-based block copolymers (0.5–2 wt%), while maintaining the mechanical properties of the materials.
An asymmetric supercapacitor based on controllable WO3 nanorod bundle and alfalfa-derived porous carbon
Authors: Sun Kanjun , Hua Fengting , Cui Shuzhen , Zhu Yanrong , Peng Hui , Ma Guofu
Published: November 2021

A asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled on the basis of an inerratic hexagonal-like WO3 nanorod bundle as a negative electrode and graphene-like alfalfa-derived porous activated carbon as the positive electrode in 1 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte.
Experimental and theoretical study on converting myoglobin into a stable domain-swapped dimer by utilizing a tight hydrogen bond network at the hinge region
Authors: Xie Cheng , Shimoyama Hiromitsu , Yamanaka Masaru , Nagao Satoshi , Komori Hirofumi , Shibata Naoki , Higuchi Yoshiki , Shigeta Yasuteru , Hirota Shun
Published: November 2021

The tight H-bond network enhanced the helices at the hinge region and stabilized the myoglobin dimer, providing a unique example of using H-bonds in the design of a dimeric protein through 3D domain swapping.
A short, versatile route towards benzothiadiazinyl radicals
Authors: Borys Andryj M. , Clark Ewan R. , Saines Paul J. , Alberola Antonio , Rawson Jeremy M.
Published: November 2021

A family of 1,2,4-benzothiadiazinyl radicals are accessible from 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1-chlorides which can be prepared in a single step by treatment of N-arylamidines in neat thionyl chloride at reflux.
Identifying the true origins of selectivity in chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed N-acyl-azetidine desymmetrizations
Authors: Champagne Pier Alexandre
Published: November 2021

The origins of selectivity in azetidine desymmetrizations have been determined computationally. Comparison of structures with model and full catalysts provided key details missed by typical analyses of the stereodetermining transition structures.
Correction: HCOOH disproportionation to MeOH promoted by molybdenum PNP complexes
Authors: Alberico Elisabetta , Leischner Thomas , Junge Henrik , Kammer Anja , Sang Rui , Seifert Jenny , Baumann Wolfgang , Spannenberg Anke , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: November 2021

Correction for ‘HCOOH disproportionation to MeOH promoted by molybdenum PNP complexes’ by Elisabetta Alberico et al., Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, 13101–13119, DOI: 10.1039/D1SC04181A.
Measurements of interactions between fluorescent molecules and polyethylene glycol self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Cao Feng , Li Yinan , Wu Jiahao , Liu Wei , Ngai To
Published: November 2021

We study the interactions between fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and PEG SAMs at different ionic strengths via total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM).
An approach combining additive manufacturing and dielectrophoresis for 3D-structured flexible lead-free piezoelectric composites for electromechanical energy conversion
Authors: Wang Zehuan , Cheng Jin , Hu Renchao , Yuan Xiaoting , Yu Zhonghui , Xu Xinwei , Wang Feng , Dong Jiufeng , Gong Rui , Dong Shuxiang , Wang Hong
Published: November 2021

Additive manufacturing technology has promoted the development of piezoelectric devices, from the one-step moulding of micro-miniature devices to large-scale devices.
Precursor solution-dependent secondary phase defects in CsPbBr3 single crystal grown by inverse temperature crystallization
Authors: Cheng Yuanbo , Zhu Menghua , Wang Fangbao , Bai Ruichen , Yao Jinshan , Jie Wanqi , Xu Yadong
Published: November 2021

Precursor solution-dependent secondary phase (SP) defects of CsPb2Br5 inhomogeneously distribute along CsPbBr3 crystal growth direction, which severely deteriorates the carrier transport.
The onset of copper-ion mobility and the electronic transition in the kesterite Cu2ZnGeSe4
Authors: Mangelis Panagiotis , Vaqueiro Paz , Smith Ronald I. , Powell Anthony V.
Published: November 2021

Powder neutron diffraction reveals that anomalies in electrical-transport properties of Cu2ZnGeSe4 are associated with disordering of copper and zinc cations, which is accompanied by a partial melting of the copper-ion sub-lattice.
A molten-salt electrochemical biorefinery for carbon-neutral utilization of biomass
Authors: Wang Jing , Xiao Juanxiu , Shen Yijun , Liang Xinxin , Lv Teng , Xiao Wei
Published: November 2021

A low-energy-consumption electrochemical biorefinery in molten salts converts rice husks and silver chloride to well-defined SiC/C/Ag for enhanced photoreduction of gaseous CO2, achieving a carbon-neutral utilization of biomass.
Investigating histidinylated highly branched poly(lysine) for siRNA delivery
Authors: Alazzo Ali , Gumus Nurcan , Gurnani Pratik , Stolnik Snjezana , Rahman Ruman , Spriggs Keith , Alexander Cameron
Published: November 2021

Here we examined how histidinylation of branched poly-l-lysine impacts delivery efficiency and toxicity of siRNA delivery in glioblastoma cells.
Expanding the spectrum of polydopamine antioxidant activity by nitroxide conjugation
Authors: Mollica Fabio , Lucernati Rosa , Amorati Riccardo
Published: November 2021

Nanoparticles prepared by copolymerization of dopamine with the nitroxide TEMPO show superior antioxidant activity by alkylperoxyl radical trapping.
Asymmetric N-heteroacene tetracene analogues as potential n-type semiconductors
Authors: Attwood Max , Kim Dong Kuk , Hadden Joseph H. L. , Maho Anthony , Ng Wern , Wu Hao , Akutsu Hiroki , White Andrew J. P. , Heutz Sandrine , Oxborrow Mark
Published: November 2021

Azatetracene compounds comprise a promising family of n-type semiconductors. Straightforward to synthesise, these materials are compatible with vapour deposition techniques and exhibit π-stacking and hydrogen bonding governed crystal packing.
Photo-controlled exchange bias in CoO@Co–Fe PBA core–shell heterostructures
Authors: Yao Kangkang , Li Jianing , Yuan Shuang , Cao Kaiyan , Wang Fang , Zhang Yin , Tian Fanghua , Wang Jinwen , Wang Qiang , Yang Sen
Published: November 2021

After red irradiation, the exchange bias field of the CoO@Co–Fe PBA hybrid reduces by ∼50%. In addition, the value of HEB can be further regulated accurately by setting the irradiation time or adjusting the incident light frequency.
K-Ion intercalated V6O13 with advanced high-rate long-cycle performance as cathode for Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Qihao , Luo Zhiqiang , Zhao Xudong
Published: November 2021

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) are regarded as potential candidates for large-scale energy storage devices due to their low cost, high safety, and abundant Zn resources.
Structural and functional approaches to studying cAMP regulation of HCN channels
Authors: Saponaro Andrea , Thiel Gerhard , Moroni Anna
Published: November 2021

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are primarily activated by voltage and further modulated by cAMP. While cAMP binding alone does not open the channel, its presence facilitates the action of voltage, increasing channel open probability. Functional results indicate that the membrane-based voltage sensor domain (VSD) communicates with the cytosolic cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD), and vice-versa. Yet, a mechanistic explanation on how this could occur in structural terms is still lacking. In this review, we will discuss the recent advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms connecting the VSD with the CNBD in the tetrameric organization of HCN channels unveiled by the 3D structures of HCN1 and HCN4. Data show that the HCN domain transmits cAMP signal to the VSD by bridging the cytosolic to the membrane domains. Furthermore, a metal ion coordination site connects the C-linker to the S4–S5 linker in HCN4, further facilitating cAMP signal transmission to the VSD in this isoform.
Artificial protein assemblies with well-defined supramolecular protein nanostructures
Authors: Han Suyeong , Jung Yongwon
Published: November 2021

Nature uses a wide range of well-defined biomolecular assemblies in diverse cellular processes, where proteins are major building blocks for these supramolecular assemblies. Inspired by their natural counterparts, artificial protein-based assemblies have attracted strong interest as new bio-nanostructures, and strategies to construct ordered protein assemblies have been rapidly expanding. In this review, we provide an overview of very recent studies in the field of artificial protein assemblies, with the particular aim of introducing major assembly methods and unique features of these assemblies. Computational de novo designs were used to build various assemblies with artificial protein building blocks, which are unrelated to natural proteins. Small chemical ligands and metal ions have also been extensively used for strong and bio-orthogonal protein linking. Here, in addition to protein assemblies with well-defined sizes, protein oligomeric and array structures with rather undefined sizes (but with definite repeat protein assembly units) also will be discussed in the context of well-defined protein nanostructures. Lastly, we will introduce multiple examples showing how protein assemblies can be effectively used in various fields such as therapeutics and vaccine development. We believe that structures and functions of artificial protein assemblies will be continuously evolved, particularly according to specific application goals.
Self‐tuning predictive control applicable to ship magnetic levitation damping device
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yan Jinghao , Wang Weiran , Xu Meng , Ma Wenjing
Published: November 2021

In the ship design, there are strict vibration‐proof requirements for precision instruments. Therefore, a ship repulsive magnetic levitation damping device is designed to achieve vibration reduction. And one self‐tuning predictive control method is proposed to achieve the stable levitation of this device. Firstly, a predictive control (MPC) method with state constraints and input constraints is adopted to realise the stable suspension of the floater. The MPC can solve the problem of position imbalance of the magnetic levitation system under the external complex disturbances. Secondly, a self‐tuning MPC method based on recursive least square is proposed to solve the problem caused by the fixed parameters of the traditional predictive controller. At the beginning of each control cycle, the recursive least‐squares (RLS) method is used to estimate the parameters of the system. Thus, the optimal control model could be obtained for the current situation. Then, this model is applied to the predictive controller to solve the problem of parameter fixation in the traditional predictive control. Finally, the simulation results show that it can improve the accuracy, dynamic response and anti‐interference performance obviously.