bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of communication language on purchase intention in consumer contexts: the mediating effects of presence and arousal
Authors: Huang Wenjun , Leong Yee Choy , Ismail Noor Azlin
Published: February 2023

Panoramic visual, tactile, and auditory interactions have been widely used to create scene-based immersive experiences to enhance consumer experience and stimulate emotional responses, thereby increasing purchase intentions. Guided by scene marketing theory and the archetypal theory of mind-flow experience, this article introduces the concepts of presence and emotional arousal to examine how communication language causes emotional fluctuations in potential consumers, leading to purchase intentions. Therefore, from the interaction experience of “external perception - scene language” and “internal sensing - communication language”, the dual chain of mediation of presence perception and emotional arousal is selected to construct a consumer. The results reveal that the pathway of consumers’ purchase intentions is not always the same in the context of consumer language perception. In addition, the results demonstrate that the vividness and richness of the presentation of scene language in a consumer language perception context have positively influenced the relationship between communication language and presence perception. Compared to the direct effect on purchase intention, communication language tends to have an indirect positive effect on consumers’ purchase intention through the single mediation of presence perception and the chain mediation of emotional arousal. The increasing prevalence of interactive linguistic experiences, where emotional arousal has become an essential trigger for consumers’ purchase intentions, is an important representation of the specificity and complexity of consumer language elements. Thus, this research provides crucial theoretical guidance for the design of immersive experiential marketing and linguistic scenarios.
A distinctive group of species allied to Taraxacum danubium (T. sect. Erythrosperma, Compositae-Crepidinae): a taxonomic revision
Authors: Štěpánek Jan , Kirschner Jan
Published: February 2023

WithinTaraxacumsectionErythrosperma, several relatively distinct species groups are recognized. One of them, characterized by leaves with numerous, usually patent, very narrow lateral segments, frequently with their most distal part dilated, and outer phyllaries patent or arcuate-recurved, often with tips approaching the involucre base, with narrow whitish borders, includes species similar to the Central EuropeanTaraxacum danubium. This group comprises nine species, the majority of them (five species) being confined to the Balkan Peninsula. Another diversity centre of the group is the southernmost Ukraine. The most widespread species isT. persicum, extending from Iran and the lower river Volga to Central Europe. A detailed taxonomic revision of the whole group is presented, and descriptions, illustrations and lists of specimens studied are given. Two Balkanic species are newly described, the nameT. danubiumis lectotypified, another three names are relegated to the synonymy of the accepted names, and an unclear name,T. pineticola, is discussed. The species concept inTaraxacumis briefly expounded.
The Keynesian nexus between the market for goods and the labour market
Authors: Guerrazzi Marco
Published: February 2023

In this paper, I build on the Keynesian analysis of the market for goods to draw some implications on the dynamic behaviour of some typical labour market indicators. Specifically, focusing on real magnitudes and distinguishing between the aggregate expected demand function and the aggregate expenditure function, I discuss the implied “daily” adjustments of expected and actual real wages that allow to achieve a short-run equilibrium. In addition, in order to show that the suggested picture of market for goods does not require a distinct setting to describe the transactions of labour services, I offer a rationale for equilibrium unemployment due to deficient demand grounded on the searching-and-matching theory.
On the Development of Emulsion Destabilization Technologies for Dairy Industry
Authors: Al-Jumaily Ahmed M. , Meshkinzar Ata , Torres Laura M. P.
Published: February 2023

Separation of two fluids or particles from an emulsion is a fundamental process in many applications such as creaming of milk in dairy sector and extraction of various oils (avocado oil, palm oil, etc.) among many others. The aim of this paper is to elaborate on the development of various methods and technologies employed for the separation process including gravity, chemical, and centrifugation as well as the newer acoustic separation technology. Influential parameters affecting the performance, advantages, and disadvantages for each method will be discussed and compared. Various transducer configurations and corresponding experimental set-ups and operating parameters are also examined for acoustic separation. Accordingly, the future trend is proposed for introducing new transducer configurations to diminish or preferably eliminate the current disadvantages and barriers and to improve the separation process performance.
Origin of the post-collisional younger gabbroic rocks and the associated Fe–Ti oxide ores, Abu Ghalaga area, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt: mineralogical and geochemical constraints
Authors: Khalil Khalil , Summers Paul , El-Shazly Aley
Published: February 2023

The Abu Ghalaga pluton in the southern eastern desert of Egypt (SED) consists of undeformed norite and hornblende gabbro intruding island arc metavolcanics, ophiolitic rocks, and syn-tectonic older granitic rocks. The Fe-Ti ore (mainly ilmenite) occurs in the form of lenses at the base of the norite. Based on microtextures, mineralogy, and chemical composition, three types of ilmenites are recognized: massive high-Mg type, disseminated high-Mg type, and disseminated low-Mg ilmenite. The three ilmenite types are chemically distinguished by their MgO, MnO, TiO2, Fe2O3, FeO, and V2O3 contents. The variations in the concentration of these oxides are interpreted as a function of variations in T, fO2, and the composition of the parental magma. Reconstruction of the orthomagmatic conditions shows that T and fO2 of the magma from which the norite and its Fe-Ti deposit formed decrease during the course of magmatic differentiation, whereas the hornblende gabbro and its Fe-Ti mineralization have formed from a more evolved magma under relatively lower T and fO2. The REE patterns and variation diagrams support a model of crystal fractionation as the primary means of formation of the Fe-Ti deposits. Chemical features also suggest that the parent magma of both types of gabbroic rocks was generated in the mantle, but in two different pulses. Subduction zone, MORB, and WPB chemical signatures for these gabbroic rocks suggest a complex tectonic history consistent with compression followed by within plate extension possibly contributing to the development of a back-arc/intra-arc basin.
Morphometry, migration rates, and environmental hazards of barchan dunes in the Kharga Depression, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Wahed Mohamed Abdel , Hamdan Mohamed A. , Ramadan Sayed , Gebril Mai F. , Khadrah Ahmed M. Abu
Published: February 2023

Barchan dunes of the Kharga Depression, Western Desert, Egypt, have been assessed in terms of their morphometry, grain size, and migration rate using remote sensing and GIS techniques and field and laboratory work. Thirty-seven sites were chosen along the Kharga dune belt and subdivided into northern, central, and southern sectors. At each site, several barchans were subjected to morphometric measurements (length, width, height, length of eastern and western horns, and length of windward and leeward sides). The rate and direction of 160 barchans were also measured for the period between 2002 and 2018. Grain size analysis was carried out on sand samples taken from the crest of these dunes. Statistically, significant relationships have been found between the morphometric parameters, dune migration, and grain size attributes. The analysis of the morphology of the barchan dunes, their movement, and the nature of sedimentary materials provide essential information for assessing and evaluating their environmental hazards.
Rivers and flood risk management in rural areas: some evidence from classical Roman law
Authors: Maganzani Lauretta
Published: February 2023

Especially in antiquity, rivers would both consist of a great resource, and they would exert a fearsome destructive power—vis cui resisti non potest, as Roman jurists used to assert. To prevent the risk of floods, Romans would not only carry out important public works, but also establish technical-juridical rules to induce both private individuals and communities to take care of the problem. Those rules were partly drawn up in public documents (such as praetorianedicta, leges dictaeand so on), partly conceived by Roman jurists in a continuous debate starting at least from the first century AD to the third century AD and partly developed by discussions among Roman land surveyors.
New indicator of habitat functionality reveals high risk of underestimating trade-offs among sustainable development goals: The case of wild reindeer and hydropower
Authors: Dorber Martin , Panzacchi Manuela , Strand Olav , van Moorter Bram
Published: February 2023

Although biodiversity is crucial for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), following the current trajectory, we risk failing SDG 15. Using a new indicator quantifying the loss of functional habitat (habitat that is simultaneously suitable and well-connected), we show that the real impact of renewable energy is far larger than previously assumed. Specifically, we estimate that the construction of hydropower reservoirs in south Norway caused a loss of ca. 222 km2 of functional habitat for wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)—which is far larger than assumed based on land inundation indices (110 km2). Fully mitigating these impacts is challenging: scenario analyses reveal that the measures proposed by societal actors would yield only a fraction of the habitat lost (2–12 km2) and could cause trade-off risks with other SDGs. Using indices of functional connectivity is crucial for environmental impact assessments, as entire ecological networks for several species can be affected far beyond the reservoirs.
Self-assembly of thyminyl l-tryptophanamide (TrpT) building blocks for the potential development of drug delivery nanosystems
Authors: Scognamiglio Pasqualina Liana , Riccardi Claudia , Palumbo Rosanna , Gale Thomas F. , Musumeci Domenica , Roviello Giovanni N.
Published: February 2023

The design, synthesis and characterization of a novel nucleoamino acid derivative based on an l-tryptophanamide functionalised with a thymine nucleobase (named TrpT) is here described. The novel construct’s tendency to self-assemble into supramolecular networks in aqueous solution was demonstrated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence and UV spectroscopic measurements. TrpT nanoaggregates showed good stability (up to 5 h) at 140 µM and proved to comprise species of mean hydrodynamic diameter 330 nm and a homogeneous size distribution; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis further revealed these to be spherical-shaped assemblies. The ability of TrpT nanoaggregates to bind curcumin, selected as a model anticancer drug, was also evaluated and its release was monitored over time by confocal microscopy. Molecular docking studies were performed on both TrpT self-assembly and curcumin-loaded nanoaggregates suggesting that the phytomolecule can be accommodated in the interior of the supramolecular network via hydrophobic (π−π and π-alkyl) interactions; the formation of TrpT-curcumin adducts may improve the polarity of the highly-hydrophobic curcumin with a resulting logP closer to the optimal values expected for a good drug bioavailability, as estimated by the ADMETlab software. Finally, the high stability of TrpT nanoassembly in human serum, and the absence of significant toxic effects on human model cells in a cell viability assay, were also demonstrated. Despite its thymine-based scaffold, TrpT was shown not to bind adenine-bearing nucleic acids, suggesting that this interaction is hindered by its intrinsic propensity to self-assemble in preference to forming A-T base pairings. Instead, TrpT was able to interact with a serum protein such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), known to improve the bloodstream transportation and bioavailability of its cargo. Collectively, our findings support the potential use of TrpT for the development of new drug delivery systems.

Graphical abstract
SICOB-endorsed national Delphi consensus on obesity treatment optimization: focus on diagnosis, pre-operative management, and weight regain/insufficient weight loss approach
Authors: Zappa Marco Antonio , Iossa Angelo , Busetto Luca , Chiappetta Sonja , Greco Francesco , Lucchese Marcello , Micanti Fausta , Mingrone Geltrude , Navarra Giuseppe , Raffaelli Marco ,   Delphi Expert Panel, Altorio Settimio Fabrizio , Angrisani Luigi , Arcudi Claudio , Bellini Fabrizio , Bernante Paolo , Berta Rossana , Capristo Esmeralda , Carbonelli Maria Grazia , Casella Giovanni , Casella James Mariolo , Castagneto Gissey Lidia , Cerbone Maria Rosaria , Ciampaglia Franco , Ciccoritti Luigi , Contine Alessandro , Currò Giuseppe , D’Alessio Rosella , De Palma Massimiliano , Delle Piane Daniela , Di Benedetto Nino , Di Lorenzo Nicola , Fantola Giovanni , Farnaz Rahimi , Foletto Mirto , Forestieri Pietro , Frittitta Lucia , Galfrascoli Elisa , Gentileschi Paolo , Giardiello Cristiano , Giustacchini Piero , Giusti Maria Paola , Grandone Ilenia , Guidone Caterina , Iaconelli Amerigo , Lembo Erminia , Leanza Silvana , Lembo Erminia , Lezoche Giovanni , Lunardi Cesare , Martines Gennaro , Marzano Bernardo , Paone Emanuela , Papadia Francesco Saverio , Perrone Federico , Piazza Luigi , Pilone Vincenzo , Pizzi Pietro , Rice Mark , Rizzi Andrea , Santini Ferruccio , Sarro Giuliano , Schettino Angelo , Tartaglia Nicola , Toppino Mauro , Usai Antonella , De Luca Maurizio
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Overweight and obesity affects 60% of adults causing more than 1.2 million deaths across world every year. Fight against involved different specialist figures and multiple are the approved weapons. Aim of the present survey endorsed by the Italian Society of Bariatric Surgery (SICOB) is to reach a national consensus on obesity treatment optimization through a Delphi process.

Methods

Eleven key opinion leaders (KOLs) identified 22 statements with a major need of clarification and debate. The explored pathways were: (1) Management of patient candidate to bariatric/metabolic surgery (BMS); (2) Management of patient not eligible for BMS; (3) Management of patient with short-term (2 years) weight regain (WR) or insufficient weight loss (IWL); (4) Management of the patient with medium-term (5 years) WR; and (5) Association between drugs and BMS as WR prevention. The questionnaire was distributed to 65 national experts via an online platform with anonymized results.

Results

54 out of 65 invited panelists (83%) respond. Positive consensus was reached for 18/22 statements (82%); while, negative consensus (s20.4; s21.5) and no consensus (s11.5, s17) were reached for 2 statements, respectively (9%).

Conclusion

The Delphi results underline the importance of first-line interdisciplinary management, with large pre-treatment examination, and establish a common opinion on how to properly manage post-operative IWL/WR.

Level of evidence V

Report of expert committees.
Histological changes at the seedling growth (Z12) and stem elongation (Z31) stages after Tilletia controversa infection
Authors: Wolde Mekuria , Du Zhenzhen , Muhae-Ud-Din Ghulam , Qin Dandan , Liu Taiguo , Chen Wanquan , Gao Li
Published: February 2023

Tilletia controversa Kühn is the causal agent of dwarf bunt disease in wheat. Understanding the infection of T. controversa is of practical and scientific importance for disease management. Here, we used scanning electron microscopy to characterize the histological changes at the seedling (Z12) and stem elongation stages (Z31) in resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars after T. controversa infection. At the seedling stage (Z12), the structure of stem and mesophyll cells slightly deformed after pathogen infection, but this deformation was greater in the susceptible cultivar than in the resistant cultivar. At the stem elongation stage (Z31), the structures of root parenchyma and epidermal cells were deformed more than at the seedling stage (Z12) for both the resistant and susceptible cultivars.
Standardisation efforts of ISO/TC 261 “Additive Manufacturing” 19th Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 261 “Additive Manufacturing”
Authors: Pei Eujin , Seidel Christian
Published: February 2023

The main objective of ISO/TC 261 is to standardise the processes of Additive Manufacturing, the process chains (Data, Materials, Processes, Hard- and Software, Applications), test procedures, quality parameters, supply agreements, environment, health and safety, fundamentals and vocabularies. This section provides readers with news regarding standardisation efforts of ISO/TC 261. Further up-to-date information regarding recently published documents, such as new standards, revised standards, the status of standards can be found in the ISO/TC261 webpages: https://www.iso.org/committee/629086.html and the committee webpages: https://committee.iso.org/sites/tc261/home/news.html.
Ethics Guideline Development for Neuroscience Research involving Patients with Mental Illness in Japan
Authors: Takimoto Yoshiyuki , Shimanouchi Akifumi
Published: February 2023

This study aims to develop guidelines of key concepts and specific considerations to make the research more ethical when conducting neurological examinations and treatment interventions in mentally ill patients. We analyzed guideline development theory and literature, previous issues, and discussions with specialists of philosophy, medicine, sociology, and bioethics. The selection of research participants, drafting of intervention plans, and informed consent process were examined with reference to the dual burden; the minimal risk as a general rule of ethical allowance levels, assent and dissent to assess the individual’s judgment capacity for consent, relational autonomy for personal consent with assistance by the proxy, and risk/benefit assessments. When conducting studies, this guideline requires that these three processes be set up appropriately on a case-by-case basis.
Non-Local Formulation of Heat Transfer with Phase Change in Domains with Spherical and Axial Symmetries
Authors: Nikolaev Petr , Jivkov Andrey P. , Margetts Lee , Sedighi Majid
Published: February 2023

Describing heat transfer in domains with strong non-linearities and discontinuities, e.g. propagating fronts between different phases, or growing cracks, is a challenge for classical approaches, where conservation laws are formulated as partial differential equations subsequently solved by discretisation methods such as the finite element method (FEM). An alternative approach for such problems is based on the non-local formulation; a prominent example is peridynamics (PD). Its numerical implementation however demands substantial computational resources for problems of practical interest. In many engineering situations, the problems of interest may be considered with either axial or spherical symmetry. Specialising the non-local description to such situations would decrease the number of PD particles by several orders of magnitude with proportional decrease of the computational time, allowing for analyses of larger domains or with higher resolution as required. This work addresses the need for specialisation by developing bond-based peridynamic formulations for physical problems with axial and spherical symmetries. The development is focused on the problem of heat transfer with phase change. The accuracy of the new non-local description is verified by comparing the computational results for several test problems with analytical solutions where available, or with numerical solutions by the finite element method.
Flight Dynamics Modeling with Multi-Model Estimation Techniques: A Consolidated Framework
Authors: Fatima Syed Kounpal , Abbas Syed Manzar , Mir Imran , Gul Faiza , Forestiero Agostino
Published: February 2023

In modern era of aviation technology evolution, unmanned aerial vehicles have proved to be crucial in all fields including military and research. The development of robust control system and successful mission accomplishment requires an meticulous UAV model. The aim of this paper is to lay out an elaborate model estimation scheme using various model structure techniques including Auto-regressive Exogenous, Auto-regressive Moving Average exogenous, Box Jenkin’s, Output Error, and state space and non-linear Auto-regressive Exogenous. The obtained models are then analyzed and compared for best model quality parameters like residual analysis, final prediction error and fit percentages. The efficacy of developed model through proposed model is further validated using simulations data for UAV. Results demonstrate the model’s feasibility as it properly predicts system performance over a broad variety of operating situations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time in the literature that a model estimation study for UAV platform with such a wide variety of model structures has been presented.
20α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Expression in the Human Myometrium at Term and Preterm Birth: Relationships to Fetal Sex and Maternal Body Mass Index
Authors: Paul Marina , Zakar Tamas , Phung Jason , Gregson Amy , Barreda Anna Paredes , Butler Trent A. , Walker Frederick R. , Pennell Craig , Smith Roger , Paul Jonathan W.
Published: February 2023

The mechanism by which human labor is initiated in the presence of elevated circulating progesterone levels remains unknown. Recent evidence indicates that the progesterone-metabolizing enzyme, 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD), encoded by the gene AKR1C1, may contribute to functional progesterone withdrawal. We found that AKR1C1 expression significantly increased with labor onset in term myometrium, but not in preterm myometrium. Among preterm laboring deliveries, clinically diagnosed chorioamnionitis was associated with significantly elevated AKR1C1 expression. AKR1C1 expression positively correlated with BMI before labor and negatively correlated with BMI during labor. Analysis by fetal sex showed that AKR1C1 expression was significantly higher in women who delivered male babies compared to women who delivered female babies at term, but not preterm. Further, in pregnancies where the fetus was female, AKR1C1 expression positively correlated with the mother’s age and BMI at the time of delivery. In conclusion, the increase in myometrial AKR1C1 expression with term labor is consistent with 20α-HSD playing a role in local progesterone metabolism to promote birth. Interestingly, this role appears to be specific to term pregnancies where the fetus is male. Upregulated AKR1C1 expression in the myometrium at preterm in-labor with clinical chorioamnionitis suggests that increased 20α-HSD activity is a mechanism through which inflammation drives progesterone withdrawal in preterm labor. The link between AKR1C1 expression and maternal BMI may provide insight into why maternal obesity is often associated with dysfunctional labor. Higher myometrial AKR1C1 expression in male pregnancies may indicate fetal sex-related differences in the mechanisms that precipitate labor onset at term.
Biomechanics of the tether breakage: tensile behaviour of a single-unit vertebral body tethering construct
Authors: Guldeniz Ogulcan , Yip Christopher C. H. , Nafo Wanis , Cheung Kenneth M. C.
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Tether breakage was reported as the most common complication of vertebral body tethering. However, as the literature suggests the physiological loads do not have the potential to cause the failure of the tether. Currently, the biomechanical reason behind the tether breakage is unknown. The current study aims to elucidate the effects of the tension forces on the failure mechanisms of the VBT and provide mechanical justification for how it can be identified radiographically.

Methods

Tensile tests (20%/min strain rate) were performed on single-unit VBT samples. Failure modes and mechanical characteristics were reported.

Results

The failure took place prematurely due to the slippage of the tether at the screw–tether junction where the tether is damaged significantly by the locking cap. Slippage was initiated at 10–13% tensile strain level where the tensile stress and tension force were 50.4 ± 1.5 MPa and 582.2 ± 30.8 N, respectively.

Conclusion

The failure occurs because of high-stress concentrations generated within the locking region which damages the tether surface and leads to the slippage of the tether. We observed that the loads leading to failure are within the physiological limits and may indicate the high likelihood of the tether breakage. The failure mode observed in our study is shown to be the dominant failure mode, and a design improvement on the gripping mechanism is suggested to avoid failure at the screw–tether junction. We observed that the tether elongates 10–13% prior to the breakage, which can be employed as a diagnostic criterion to screen for tether breakages radiographically.
Effects of the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on infections and on hospitalizations in European countries
Authors: Greiner Alfred , Owusu Benjamin
Published: February 2023

Since December 2020 vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been available. However, little is known regarding their effects on infections and on hospitalizations. To gain insight into this topic we empirically analyze the effects of the vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 for European countries beginning 2021 to February 2022 with weekly data. We perform panel fixed effects estimations, GMM estimations and nonlinear penalized spline estimations. We find a statistically significant and positive relationship between the share of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the share of vaccinated people in nine estimations while one estimation output was insignificant. Regarding hospitalizations, six out of ten estimations yielded a statistically insignificant relationship, and three estimation results were weakly statistically significant with a negative coefficient and one indicated a statistically significant negative relation. Hence, there is empirical evidence for a positive relationship between infections and the share of vaccinated people whereas we find weak empirical evidence for a negative relation between vaccinations and hospitalizations. The implication of our analysis is that vaccinations alone cannot end the pandemic. Rather developing effective medicines should be seen as an additional measure.
TREE THEORY: INTERPRETABILITY BETWEEN WEAK FIRST-ORDER THEORIES OF TREES
Authors: DAMNJANOVIC ZLATAN
Published: February 2023

Elementary first-order theories of trees allowing at most, exactly
$\mathrm{m}$
, and any finite number of immediate descendants are introduced and proved mutually interpretable among themselves and with Robinson arithmetic, Adjunctive Set Theory with Extensionality and other well-known weak theories of numbers, sets, and strings.
Leading Emerging and Diverse Scientists to Success: Results from LEADS alumni
Authors: Rubio Doris , Norman Marie K. , Mayowski Colleen A. , Proulx Chelsea N. , Karras Alana , Hausmann Leslie ,   LEADS Site Leaders Team
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

In 2015, the University of Pittsburgh partnered with several Minority Serving Institutions to develop the Leading Emerging and Diverse Scientists to Success (LEADS) Program. LEADS was designed to provide skills development, mentoring, and networking support to early career underrepresented faculty.

Method:

LEADS included three components: skills training (e.g., grant and manuscript writing and team science), mentoring, and networking opportunities. Scholars completed a pre- and post-test survey and an annual alumni survey that included measures on burnout, motivation, leadership, professionalism, mentoring, job and career satisfaction, networking, and an assessment of their research self-efficacy.

Results:

Scholars demonstrated a significant increase in their research self-efficacy having completed all the modules (t = 6.12; P < 0.001). Collectively, LEADS scholars submitted 73 grants and secured 46 grants for a 63% success rate. Most scholars either agreed or strongly agreed that their mentor was effective in helping to develop their research skills (65%) and provided effective counseling (56%). Scholars did experience increased burnout with 50% feeling burned out at the exit survey (t = 1.42; P = 0.16) and 58% reporting feelings of burnout at the most recent survey in 2020 (t = 3.96; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Our findings support the claim that participation in LEADS enhanced critical research skills, provided networking and mentoring opportunities, and contributed to research productivity for scientists from underrepresented backgrounds.
Sharp smoothing properties of averages over curves
Authors: Ko Hyerim , Lee Sanghyuk , Oh Sewook
Published: February 2023

We prove sharp smoothing properties of the averaging operator defined by convolution with a measure on a smooth nondegenerate curve

$\gamma $

in

$\mathbb R^d$

,

$d\ge 3$

. Despite the simple geometric structure of such curves, the sharp smoothing estimates have remained largely unknown except for those in low dimensions. Devising a novel inductive strategy, we obtain the optimal

$L^p$

Sobolev regularity estimates, which settle the conjecture raised by Beltran–Guo–Hickman–Seeger [1]. Besides, we show the sharp local smoothing estimates on a range of p for every

$d\ge 3$

. As a result, we establish, for the first time, nontrivial

$L^p$

boundedness of the maximal average over dilations of

$\gamma $

for

$d\ge 4$

.
Standpoint Theory and the Psy Sciences: Can Marginalization and Critical Engagement Lead to an Epistemic Advantage?
Authors: Friesen Phoebe , Goldstein Jordan
Published: February 2023

As participatory research practices are increasingly taken up in health research, claims related to experiential authority and expertise are frequently made. Here, in an exploration of what grounds such claims, we consider how feminist standpoint theory might apply to the psy sciences (psychiatry, psychology, psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, and so on). Standpoint theory claims that experiences of marginalization and critical engagement can lead to a standpoint that offers an epistemic advantage within a domain of knowledge. We examine experiences of marginalization and critical engagement in the mental health system, as well as evidence for epistemic advantages resulting from these experiences. This evidence, found in the identification of problematic assumptions and the development of new tools and theories in the field, grounds our argument that standpoint theory is indeed relevant to the psy sciences and that many of those who have experienced marginalization and have engaged critically have an epistemic advantage when it comes to knowledge-production. The implications of this argument are significant: those who have attained a standpoint within the psy sciences ought to be included in research and given both tools and funding to develop research programs. However, we must be wary of the risks of tokenization, cooptation, and essentialization that are likely to accompany such a transformation.
Comedic Hermeneutical Injustice
Authors: Butterfield Paul
Published: February 2023

This article posits and explores the concept of comedic hermeneutical injustice: a type of hermeneutical injustice that disadvantages members of marginalized groups in the arena of humor-sharing. First I explain the concept of comedic hermeneutical injustice: that agents who are hermeneutically marginalized are less able to successfully participate in the sharing of humor. Then I suggest that, to prove the existence of such an injustice, two things need to be shown: first, that hermeneutically marginalized groups do suffer some disadvantage in how well their attempts at humor are received, and, second, that this disadvantage amounts to a significant harm.

In proving the existence of a comedic disadvantage, this article notes that all jokes require some epistemic content to be shared between joke-teller and joke-hearer. Thus, since being hermeneutically marginalized obstructs one from sharing knowledge with proximate speakers, hermeneutical inequalities can lead to inequalities in the sharing of humor. To show that this constitutes a significant disadvantage, the article observes the various ways that sharing humor successfully can serve agents’ social interests. It concludes by noting some idiosyncrasies of comedic hermeneutical injustice, relative to other forms of epistemic injustice, and situating it within the wider framework of humor's general social-ethical influence.
Back to the future: Redefining “universal precautions” to include masking for all patient encounters
Authors: Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. , Henderson David K. , Weber David J. , Haessler Sarah
Published: February 2023

Despite recent guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) allowing institutions to relax in-facility masking strategies and due to our evolving understanding of respiratory pathogen transmission during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we propose an updated standard for universal precautions in healthcare settings: permanently including universal masking in routine patient-care interactions. Such a practice prioritizes safety for patients, healthcare providers (HCPs), and visitors.
Global stability, sensitivity and passive control of low-Reynolds-number flows around NACA 4412 swept wings
Authors: Nastro G. , Robinet J.-C. , Loiseau J.-C. , Passaggia P.-Y. , Mazellier N.
Published: February 2023

The stability and sensitivity of two- and three-dimensional global modes developing on steady spanwise-homogeneous laminar separated flows around NACA 4412 swept wings are numerically investigated for different Reynolds numbers

${\textit {Re}}$

and angles of attack

$\alpha$

. The wake dynamics is driven by the two-dimensional von Kármán mode whose emergence threshold in the

$\alpha \unicode{x2013}{\textit {Re}}$

plane is computed with that of the three-dimensional centrifugal mode. At the critical Reynolds number, the Strouhal number, the streamwise wavenumber of the von Kármán mode and the spanwise wavenumber of the leading three-dimensional centrifugal mode scale as a power law of

$\alpha$

. The introduction of a sweep angle attenuates the growth of all unstable modes and entails a Doppler effect in the leading modes’ dynamics and a shift towards non-zero frequencies of the three-dimensional centrifugal modes. These are found to be non-dispersive as opposed to the von Kármán modes. The sensitivity of the leading global modes is investigated in the vicinity of the critical conditions through adjoint-based methods. The growth-rate sensitivity map displays a region on the suction side of the wing, wherein a streamwise-oriented force has a net stabilising effect, comparable to what could have been obtained inside the recirculation bubble. In agreement with the predictions of the sensitivity analysis, a spanwise-homogeneous force suppresses the Hopf bifurcation and stabilises the entire branch of von Kármán modes. In the limit of small amplitudes, passive control via spanwise-wavy forcing produces a stabilising effect similar to that of a spanwise-homogeneous control and is more effective than localised spherical forces.
Does maximum emotional intelligence facilitate team organizational citizenship behaviors: A perspective of integrating strategic core roles and multilevel theory
Authors: Zhang Hui-Hua , Li Rui , Wang Ming-Hui
Published: February 2023

This study examines how maximum emotional intelligence (EI) members can contribute to the emergence of team-level organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Based on integrating a strategic core role and multilevel theory, we developed and tested a model in which the maximum EI score in teams results in intrateam trust and consequently impacts team OCB and examined whether the indirect effect of maximum EI on team OCB through intrateam trust would be moderated by EI diversity and trust divergence in teams. The results from 129 project teams showed that the relationship of maximum EI with team OCB is mediated by intrateam trust and this relationship is stronger for lower levels of EI diversity and trust divergence than for higher levels of diversity and divergence. The findings advance our understanding of the role of EI in team settings. Our research has important implications for organizations attempting to develop the applied value of EI.
Liouville property and quasi-isometries on negatively curved Riemannian surfaces
Authors: Granados Ana , Pestana Domingo , Portilla Ana , Rodríguez José M. , Tourís Eva
Published: February 2023

Kanai proved powerful results on the stability under quasi-isometries of numerous global properties (including Liouville property) between Riemannian manifolds of bounded geometry. Since his work focuses more on the generality of the spaces considered than on the two-dimensional geometry, Kanai's hypotheses in many cases are not satisfied in the context of Riemann surfaces endowed with the Poincaré metric. In this work we fill that gap for the Liouville property, by proving its stability by quasi-isometries for every Riemann surface (and even Riemannian surfaces with pinched negative curvature). Also, a key result characterizes Riemannian surfaces which are quasi-isometric to $\mathbb {R}$.
Subsymmetric exchanged braids and the Burau matrix
Authors: Stoimenow Alexander
Published: February 2023

We develop a method based on the Burau matrix to detect conditions on the linking numbers of braid strands. Our main application is to iterated exchanged braids. Unless the braid permutation fixes both braid edge strands, we establish under some fairly generic conditions on the linking numbers a ‘subsymmetry’ property; in particular at most two such braids can be mutually conjugate. As an addition, we prove that the Burau kernel is contained in the commutator subgroup of the pure braid group. We discuss also some properties of the Burau image.
Staging Chinese student activism in Cold War Singapore: Performing Chineseness and embodying the Malayan nation, 1950s–60s
Authors: Zhang Beiyu
Published: February 2023

This article is a re-examination of Chinese student activism in Singapore through the lens of cultural performance, which has yet to garner due attention. Tracing the ebb and flow of Chinese school concerts in the politically volatile atmosphere of Cold War era Singapore and Malaya complicates current understanding about student activism in the city state. Whereas the official narratives by the British colonial administration and later, the PAP, often cast Chinese student activism as part of a communist insurgency, this article argues that school concerts—comprising folk dances, songs, choirs and theatre—were an alternative space for Chinese youth to articulate their visions of building an independent socialist state and an integrated multiracial Malayan nation. Unlike the student activism expressed through mass strikes, these school concerts enable one to see how the Chinese students displayed sophisticated ways of discipline, organisation skills, and creative energy through the performing arts in 1950s and 1960s Singapore.
Thirty-one new records of reef fish species for Hong Kong waters
Authors: Chung Arthur , See Gomen C.L. , Lam S.Y. , Yiu W.H. , Shea Stan K.H.
Published: February 2023

The implementation of consistent and continuous biodiversity survey efforts over a long period of time is imperative to the examination of temporal diversity patterns and the evaluation of existing conservation measures' effectiveness. In Hong Kong, a marine biodiversity hotspot in the South China Sea, reef fish diversity has been poorly documented due to inconsistent and sparse biodiversity surveys, posing considerable challenges to long-term monitoring of biodiversity dynamics. To fill in the data gap, regular scuba underwater visual surveys were conducted across 55 dive sites in Hong Kong during the wet seasons from 2018–2021. After ~3171 hours of underwater survey, 31 reef fish species from 14 families that are new to Hong Kong have been recorded, including species from Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, Diodontidae, Gobiidae, Labridae, Mullidae, Nemipteridae, Pinguipedidae, Pomacanthidae, Pomacentridae, Ptereleotridae, Solenostomidae, Tetraodontidae and Tetrarogidae. As Hong Kong sits within the natural distribution range of the newly recorded species, the possibility of artificial release was eliminated after careful consideration. These species were all found outside the currently established Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Hong Kong, indicating the need for comprehensive research to identify potential marine reef fish hotspots in areas that are unprotected thus far. Our findings demonstrate the need to establish a long-term monitoring programme that can fill in data gaps of local marine biodiversity to enable the establishment of effective MPAs, and to lay down a baseline for future research and monitoring, so as to safeguard Hong Kong's marine biodiversity in the long term.
Thepfactor of psychopathology and personality in middle childhood: genetic and gestational risk factors
Authors: Gjerde Line C. , Eilertsen Espen Moen , McAdams Tom A. , Cheesman Rosa , Moffitt Terrie E. , Caspi Avshalom , Eley Thalia C. , Røysamb Espen , Rosenström Tom H. , Ystrom Eivind
Published: February 2023

Background

A joint, hierarchical structure of psychopathology and personality has been reported in adults but should also be investigated at earlier ages, as psychopathology often develops before adulthood. Here, we investigate the joint factor structure of psychopathology and personality in eight-year-old children, estimate factor heritability and explore external validity through associations with established developmental risk factors.

Methods

Phenotypic and biometric exploratory factor analyses with bifactor rotation on genetically informative data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa) study. The analytic sub-sample comprised 10 739 children (49% girls). Mothers reported their children's symptoms of depression (Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire), anxiety (Screen for Anxiety Related Disorders), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattention and hyperactivity, oppositional-defiant disorder, conduct disorder (Parent/Teacher Rating Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders), and Big Five personality (short Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children). Developmental risk factors (early gestational age and being small for gestational age) were collected from the Medical Birth Registry.

Results

Goodness-of-fit indices favored apfactor model with three residual latent factors interpreted as negative affectivity, positive affectivity, and antagonism, whereas psychometric indices favored a one-factor model. ADE solutions fitted best, and regression analyses indicated a negative association between gestational age and thepfactor, for both the one- and four-factor solutions.

Conclusion

Correlations between normative and pathological traits in middle childhood mostly reflect one heritable and psychometrically interpretablepfactor, although optimal fit to data required less interpretable residual latent factors. The association between thepfactor and low gestational age warrants further study of early developmental mechanisms.
Association between obsessive-compulsive disorder and the risk of schizophrenia using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim H. , Kim S. H. , Jeong W. , Park Y. S. , Kim J. , Park E. C. , Jang S. I.
Published: February 2023

Aims

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia are often reported as co-morbid conditions. However, the evidence of an association between OCD and the risk of schizophrenia is limited. This study investigated the risk of schizophrenia in patients newly diagnosed with OCD using a nationally representative sample cohort in South Korea.

Methods

Data were obtained from the 2002–2013 Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort of the National Health Insurance Service. Using propensity score matching, 2509 patients with OCD and a control group of 7527 patients were included in the analysis. Chi-squared tests were used to investigate and compare the general characteristics of the study population. The risk of schizophrenia was analysed using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

The incidence rate was 45.79/10 000 person-year for patients with OCD and 4.19/10 000 person-year for patients without OCD. Patients with OCD had a higher risk of schizophrenia compared to the control group after adjusting for covariates (hazard ratio = 10.46, 95% confidence interval = 6.07–18.00).

Conclusions

This study identified an association between the diagnosis of OCD and the risk of schizophrenia in a South Korean national representative cohort. Further research using a prospective design to clarify the causality of OCD in schizophrenia in a controlled environment should be conducted to validate these findings.
Preaching to the Choir or Proselytizing to the Opposition: Examining the Use of Campaign Websites in State Legislative Elections
Authors: Meyer-Gutbrod Joshua
Published: February 2023

The Internet has spawned a renewed hope for facilitating increased access to candidate information for voters. However, the nationalization and polarization of constituents have left many candidates averse to the risks of personalized campaigns, especially in subnational elections. Under what conditions are state candidates willing to establish a personalized web presence as opposed to relying on partisanship? This study introduces a novel dataset of campaign website presence for the 2018 and 2020 state legislative elections. During this time, approximately one-third of state legislative candidates opted to forgo a personalized campaign website. District-level constituent ideology was significantly correlated with the website use, even when controlling for district education, income, age, and race, and the candidate’s competitive position. District ideological homogeneity encouraged website use across both parties, while adversarial district ideology corresponded to low website use among Republicans. The results indicate that state legislative candidates, especially Republican candidates, are far more likely to preach to their partisan choir rather than incur the risks of proselytizing among their partisan opposition. The results reiterate the divergent responses of the political parties regarding partisan polarization and shed light on the impact of nationalization within state legislative campaigns.