bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress, development and mental health study, the follow-up study of Finnish TAM cohort from adolescence to midlife: cohort profile
Authors: Berg Noora , Kiviruusu Olli , Grundström Jenna , Huurre Taina , Marttunen Mauri
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This cohort profile describes the Stress, development and mental health study (TAM), which is a cohort study investigating risk and protective factors as well as longitudinal associations regarding mental health and well-being from adolescence to midlife. This interdisciplinary cohort study operates, for example, in the fields of public health, social medicine, psychiatry and the life course perspective.

Participants

In 1981 (n=2242, 98.0% of the target population), 1982 (n=2191, 95.6%) and 1983 (n=2194, 96.7%) during school classes, surveys were conducted to all Finnish-speaking pupils (mostly born 1967) in the Tampere region in Finland. Participants of the school study at age 16 in 1983 (n=2194) comprised the base population for the longitudinal data and were followed-up using postal questionnaires in the years 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 at ages 22 (n=1656, 75.5% of the age 16 participants), 32 (n=1471, 67.0%), 42 (n=1334, 60.8%) and 52 (n=1160, 52.9%).

Findings to date

The self-reported questionnaires include information on physical and mental health (eg, depression and mood disorders, anxiety disorders), health behaviour and substance misuse (eg, alcohol, tobacco and exercise), socioeconomic conditions, psychosocial resources (eg, self-esteem), social relationships and support, life events, etc. The numerous studies published to date have examined mental health and various factors from several perspectives such as risk and protective factors, individual developmental paths (eg, trajectories) and pathway models (mediation and moderation).

Future plans

Current and future research areas include, for example, longitudinal associations between mental health (eg, depressive symptoms, self-esteem) and (1) substance use (alcohol and tobacco), (2) family transitions (eg, parenthood, relationship status) and (3) retirement. Next follow-up is planned to be conducted at the latest at age 62 in 2029. Before that it is possible to link the data with cause-of-death register.
Understanding attitudes and norms related to sexual and gender-based violence among youth in Jordan: an egocentric social network study protocol
Authors: Gausman Jewel , Abu Sabbah Eman , Othman Areej , Hamad Iqbal Lutfi , Dabobe Maysoon , Langer Ana
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a major public health concern in Jordan, especially among youth. Social acceptance of SGBV is alarmingly high, including among youth. Refugee populations may be at particular risk given limited social support and access to health services combined with increased social and economic pressure and vulnerability. Further research is needed to understand how norms are embodied and reproduced at individual, interpersonal and community levels through relationships between partners, families, peers and community leaders. This study seeks to provide data on attitudes and norms in communities and across youth social networks in order to support gender transformative approaches that seek to change harmful social norms that perpetuate acceptance of SGBV.

Methods and analysis

This study will collect egocentric data from 960 youth in Jordan (480 men and 480 women) aged between 18 years and 24 years. Individuals will be asked about their perceptions of norms relating to SGBV in their community as well as their perceptions of the attitudes held by up to 15 individuals within their social network. Data will also be collected on the social, economic and demographic variables, refugee status, experience of depression and anxiety, and social support. We will use multilevel analysis to examine individual and group-level associations. We will also assess other network attributes, such as homophily, the role of social engagement, social learning and social support in the transmission of norms and attitudes.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the University of Jordan. Rigorous ethical protections will be followed with regard to confidentiality and respondent safety. We intend to publish peer-reviewed papers of our findings in addition to a variety of tools and resources targeting diverse audiences, including policy and technical briefs.
Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the treatment of adult gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Huan , Guo Jianxin , Wang Tianze , Wang Kai , Wu Zhuojun , Sun Tianze
Published: December 2021

Objective

To assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab (BEV) in patients with glioma.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Participants

Adults aged 18 years and above, whose histology was confirmed to be malignant glioma.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The main indicators included progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate, and the secondary indicators were adverse reactions.

Results

A total of 11 clinical centre trials were included in this study for meta-analysis, including 2392 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the median PFS rate of the BEV group was significantly higher than that of the non-BEV group (p<0.00001). When comparing PFS between two groups, we found that the PFS in the BEV group was higher than that in the non-BEV group at 6 months (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.74 to 4.00, p<0.00001), 12 months (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.49, p<0.00001) and 18 months (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.69, p=0.03). But at 24 months (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.37, p=0.47), there was no significant difference between the two groups. At 30 months (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97, p=0.04), the PFS of the BEV group was lower than that of the non-BEV group. Moreover, The results showed that BEV had no significant effect on improving OS, but the adverse reaction in BEV group was significantly higher than that in non-BEV group.

Conclusion

The evidence suggests that BEV can significantly prolong the PFS of patients with glioma within 18 months and shorten the PFS of patients after 30 months. This limitation may be related to the subgroup of patients, the change of recurrence mode, the optimal dose of drug, the increase of hypoxia, the enhancement of invasiveness and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out more samples and higher quality large-scale research in the future.
Prognostic accuracy of antenatal Doppler ultrasound for adverse perinatal outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Ali Sam , Heuving Simelina , Kawooya Michael G , Byamugisha Josaphat , Grobbee Diederick E , Papageorghiou Aris T , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Rijken Marcus J
Published: December 2021

Objectives

This systematic review examined available literature on the prognostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound for adverse perinatal outcomes in low/middle-income countries (LMIC).

Design

We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus from inception to April 2020.

Setting

Observational or interventional studies from LMICs.

Participants

Singleton pregnancies of any risk profile.

Interventions

Umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), uterine artery (UtA), fetal descending aorta (FDA), ductus venosus, umbilical vein and inferior vena cava.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Perinatal death, stillbirth, neonatal death, expedited delivery for fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, neonatal acidosis, Apgar scores, preterm birth, fetal anaemia, respiratory distress syndrome, length of hospital stay, birth asphyxia and composite adverse perinatal outcomes (CAPO).

Results

We identified 2825 records, and 30 (including 4977 women) from Africa (40.0%, n=12), Asia (56.7%, n=17) and South America (3.3%, n=01) were included. Many individual studies reported associations and promising predictive values of UA Doppler for various adverse perinatal outcomes mostly in high-risk pregnancies, and moderate to high predictive values of MCA, CPR and UtA Dopplers for CAPO. A few studies suggested that the MCA and FDA may be potent predictors of fetal anaemia. No randomised clinical trial (RCT) was found. Most studies were of suboptimal quality, poorly powered and characterised by wide variations in outcome classifications, the timing for the Doppler tests and study populations.

Conclusion

Local evidence to guide how antenatal Doppler ultrasound should be used in LMIC is lacking. Well-designed studies, preferably RCTs, are required. Standardisation of practice and classification of perinatal outcomes across countries, following the international standards, is imperative.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42019128546
Validating machine learning models for the prediction of labour induction intervention using routine data: a registry-based retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital in northern Tanzania
Authors: Tarimo Clifford Silver , Bhuyan Soumitra S , Li Quanman , Mahande Michael Johnson J , Wu Jian , Fu Xiaoli
Published: December 2021

Objectives

We aimed at identifying the important variables for labour induction intervention and assessing the predictive performance of machine learning algorithms.

Setting

We analysed the birth registry data from a referral hospital in northern Tanzania. Since July 2000, every birth at this facility has been recorded in a specific database.

Participants

21 578 deliveries between 2000 and 2015 were included. Deliveries that lacked information regarding the labour induction status were excluded.

Primary outcome

Deliveries involving labour induction intervention.

Results

Parity, maternal age, body mass index, gestational age and birth weight were all found to be important predictors of labour induction. Boosting method demonstrated the best discriminative performance (area under curve, AUC=0.75: 95% CI (0.73 to 0.76)) while logistic regression presented the least (AUC=0.71: 95% CI (0.70 to 0.73)). Random forest and boosting algorithms showed the highest net-benefits as per the decision curve analysis.

Conclusion

All of the machine learning algorithms performed well in predicting the likelihood of labour induction intervention. Further optimisation of these classifiers through hyperparameter tuning may result in an improved performance. Extensive research into the performance of other classifier algorithms is warranted.
Scoping review to identify and map non-pharmacological, non-surgical treatments for dysphagia following moderate-to-severe acquired brain injury
Authors: Eskildsen Signe Janum , Poulsen Ingrid , Jakobsen Daniela , Riberholt Christian Gunge , Curtis Derek John
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Dysphagia is a common and critical consequence of acquired brain injury (ABI) and can cause severe complications. Dysphagia rehabilitation is transforming from mainly compensatory strategies to the retraining of swallowing function using principles from neuroscience. However, there are no studies that map interventions available to retrain swallowing function in patients with moderate-to-severe ABI.

Objective

To systematically map the accessible research literature to answer the research question:Which non-surgical, non-pharmacological interventions are used in the treatment of dysphagia in patients with moderate and severe ABI in the acute and subacute phase?

Design

Scoping review based on the methodology of Arksey and O’Malley and methodological advancement by Levacet al.

Data sources

MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, OTseeker, speechBITE and PEDro were searched up until 14 March 2021.

Eligibility criteria

All studies reporting rehabilitative interventions within 6 months of injury for patients with moderate-to-severe ABI and dysphagia were included.

Data extraction and synthesis

Data was extracted by two independent reviewers and studies were categorised based on treatment modality.

Results

A total of 21 396 records were retrieved, and a final of 26 studies were included. Interventions were categorised intocorticalornon-corticalstimulation of the swallowing network. Cortical stimulation interventions were repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation. Non-cortical were complex swallowing interventions, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES), sensory stimulation, strengthening exercises and respiratory muscle training.

Conclusion

This scoping review provides an overview of rehabilitative dysphagia interventions for patients with moderate and severe ABI, predominantly due to stroke, in the acute and subacute phase. Positive tendencies towards beneficial effects were found for rTMS, complex swallowing interventions, PES and cervical strengthening. Future studies could benefit from clear reporting of patient diagnosis and disease severity, the use of more standardised treatment protocols or algorithms and fewer but standardised outcome measures to enable comparison of effects across studies and interventions.
Loneliness and its predictors among older adults prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional and longitudinal survey findings from participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort in the USA
Authors: Kucharska-Newton Anna , Matsushita Kunihiro , Mok Yejin , Minotti Melissa , Oelsner Elizabeth C , Ring Kim , Wagenknecht Lynne , Hughes Timothy M , Mosley Thomas , Palta Priya , Lutsey Pamela L , Coresh Joe
Published: December 2021

Objectives

We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of perceived loneliness among older adults following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine factors contributing to the perception of loneliness.

Design

Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort.

Setting

The ARIC Study cohort, a prospective cohort that recruited (1987–1989) participants from four distinct communities in the USA.

Participants

2984 ARIC cohort members.

Primary and secondary outcomes

Perceived loneliness assessed using the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) UCLA three-item Loneliness Scale telephone interviews conducted May–October 2020 and prior to March 2020.

Results

Of the total 5037 participants alive in 2020, 2984 (56.2%) responded to the UCLA three-item questionnaire (mean age 82.6 (SD 4.6) years, 586 (19.6%) black participants, 1081 (36.2%) men), of which 66 (2.2%) reported having had a COVID-19 infection during the observation period. The proportion of participants reporting feeling lonely was 56.3% (n=1680). Among participants with repeat measures of loneliness (n=516), 35.2% (n=182) reported feeling more lonely following pandemic onset. Self-rated health and emotional resilience were strongly associated with self-perceived loneliness. The burden of COVID-19 infections, concern about the pandemic and decreased self-reported physical activity were greater among black as compared with white participants and among those with an educational attainment of less than high school as compared with high school or more.

Conclusion

Findings from this study document the increase in perceived loneliness among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.
Prospective changes in physical activity, sedentary time and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic in a US-based cohort study
Authors: Rees-Punia Erika , Newton Christina C , Rittase Melissa H , Hodge Rebecca A , Nielsen Jannie , Cunningham Solveig , Teras Lauren R , Patel Alpa
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Assess differences in movement behaviours within the 24-hour cycle, including light intensity physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time and sleep, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess these differences stratified by several relevant factors in a subcohort of the Cancer Prevention Study-3.

Design and setting

US-based longitudinal cohort study (2018–August 2020).

Participants

N=1992 participants, of which 1304 (65.5%) are women, and 1512 (75.9%) are non-Latino white, with a mean age 57.0 (9.8) years.

Measures

Age, sex, race/ethnicity, education; self-reported LPA, MVPA, sedentary time and sleep duration collected before and during the pandemic; pandemic-related changes in work, childcare and living arrangement; COVID-19 health history.

Results

Compared to 2018, participants spent an additional 104 min/day sedentary, 61 fewer min/day in LPA and 43 fewer min/day in MVPA during the pandemic. Time spent sleeping was similar at the two time points. Differences in movement behaviours were more pronounced among men, those with a higher level of education, and those who were more active before the pandemic.

Conclusions

From 2018 to Summer 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, US adults have made significant shifts in daily time spent in LPA, MVPA and sedentary. There is an urgent need to promote more physical activity and less sedentary time during this public health crisis to avoid sustaining these patterns long-term.
Where’s the best supermarket deal? Female Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) show variable foraging areas during the guard stage at Isla de los Estados, Argentina
Authors: Rosciano Natalia G. , Pütz Klemens , Polito Michael J. , Raya Rey Andrea
Published: December 2021

Understanding the spatial distribution of seabirds contributes to comprehending their ecological requirements and dispersion patterns. We studied the at-sea distribution of female Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome (J.R. Forster, 1781)) at Isla de los Estados colony during the early chick-rearing period. We used a clustering analysis approach to identify different groups according to the foraging trip (tracking and diving data from GPS and temperature and depth data loggers) and diet (δ15N composition on blood samples) characteristics. Foraging trips differed in duration, location, and dive depths explored. Females in clusters 1 and 3 traveled longer distances and in opposite directions (36.3 ± 21.3 and 40.3 ± 14.0 km, respectively). Females in cluster 2 fed closer to the colony (16.8 ± 7.8 km). Dives occurred in pelagic habitats. Higher δ15N values suggested a greater proportion of fish (e.g., the Fuegian sprat, Sprattus fuegensis (Jenyns, 1842)) consumption in the northern foraging areas (cluster 1). The variability observed in the spatial distribution suggests flexibility in the foraging behavior of Southern Rockhopper Penguins and availability of adequate foraging areas within the colony range during the early chick-rearing period, both important features for Southern Rockhopper Penguin population. These results contribute to understanding the use of the Southern Ocean by marine mesopredators and top predators and to the marine spatial planning in the area.
Lectures on celestial amplitudes
Authors: Pasterski Sabrina
Published: December 2021

Lecture notes prepared for the 2021 SAGEX PhD School in Amplitudes hosted by the University of Copenhagen August 10th through 13th. Topics covered include: the manifestation of asymptotic symmetries via soft theorems, their organization into currents in a celestial CFT, aspects of the holographic dictionary, a literature guide, and accompanying exercises.
Molecular synthesis in ices triggered by dissociative electron attachment to carbon monoxide
Authors: Schmidt Fabian , Mues Martin Philipp , Bredehöft Jan Hendrik , Swiderek Petra
Published: December 2021

Chemical reactions in mixed molecular ices as relevant in the context of astrochemistry can be initiated by electron-molecule interactions. Dissociative electron attachment (DEA) as initiating step is identified from the enhancement of product yields upon irradiation at particular electron energies. Herein, we show that DEA to CO leads to the formation of HCN in mixed CO/$$\hbox {NH}_{{3}}$$

NH
3

ice at electron energies around 11 eV and 16 eV. We propose that this reaction proceeds via insertion of the neutral C fragment into a N–H bond. In the case of CO/$$\hbox {H}_{{2}}$$

H
2

O and CO/$$\hbox {CH}_{{3}}$$

CH
3

OH ices, a resonant enhancement of the yields of HCOOH and $$\hbox {CH}_{{3}}$$

CH
3

OCHO, respectively, is observed around 10 eV. In both ices, both molecular constituents exhibit DEA processes in this energy range so that the energy-dependent product yield alone does not uniquely identify the relevant DEA channel. However, we demonstrate by comparing with earlier results on mixed ices where CO is replaced by $$\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{4}}$$

C
2

H
4

that DEA to CO is again responsible for the enhanced product formation. In this case, $$\hbox {O}^{\cdot -}$$

O

·
-

activates $$\hbox {H}_{{2}}$$

H
2

O or $$\hbox {CH}_{{3}}$$

CH
3

OH which leads to the formation of larger products. We thus show that DEA to CO plays an important role in electron-induced syntheses in molecular ices.

Graphical abstract
The influences of parabolic potential and magnetism on strongly coupled polaron characteristics within asymmetric Gaussian quantum wells
Authors: Gaowa Saren , Geng Yan-Bo , Ding Zhao-Hua , Xiao Jing-Lin
Published: December 2021

In this research, the effects of magnetism and parabolic potential on strongly coupled polaron characteristics within asymmetric Gaussian quantum wells (AGQWs) were investigated. To do so, the following six parameters were studied, temperature, AGQW barrier height, Gaussian confinement potential (GCP) width, confinement strengths along the directions of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], as well as magnetic field cyclotron frequency. The relationships among frequency oscillation, AGQW parameters and polaron ground state energy in RbCl crystal were studied based on linear combination operator and Lee–Low–Pines unitary transformation. It was concluded that ground state energy absolute value was decreased by increasing GCP width and temperature, and increased with the increase of confinement strength along [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] directions, cyclotron frequency of magnetic field and barrier height of AGQW. It was also found that vibrational frequency was increased by enhancing confinement strengths along the directions of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], magnetic field cyclotron frequencies, barrier height AGQW and temperature and decreased with the increase of GCP width.
Discrete-Time Modeling of NFV Accelerators that Exploit Batched Processing
Authors: Geissler Stefan , Lange Stanislav , Linguaglossa Leonardo , Rossi Dario , Zinner Thomas , Hossfeld Tobias
Published: December 2021

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is among the latest network revolutions, promising increased flexibility and avoiding network ossification. At the same time, all-software NFV implementations on commodity hardware raise performance issues when comparing to ASIC solutions. To address these issues, numerous software acceleration frameworks for packet processing have been proposed in the last few years. One central mechanism of many of these frameworks is the use of
batching techniques
, where packets are processed in groups as opposed to individually. This is required to provide high-speed capabilities by minimizing framework overhead, reducing interrupt pressure, and leveraging instruction-level cache hits. Several such system implementations have been proposed and experimentally benchmarked in the past. However, the scientific community has so far only to a limited extent attempted to model the system dynamics of modern NFV routers exploiting batching acceleration. In this article, we propose a simple, generic model for this type of batching-based systems that can be applied to predict all relevant key performance indicators. In particular, we extend our previous work and formulate the calculation of the queue size as well as waiting time distributions in addition to the batch size distribution and the packet loss probability. Furthermore, we introduce the waiting time distribution as a relevant QoS parameter and perform an in-depth parameter study, widening the set of investigated variables as well as the range of values. Finally, we contrast the model prediction with experimental results gathered in a high-speed testbed including an NFV router, showing that the model not only correctly captures system performance under simple conditions, but also in more realistic scenarios in which traffic is processed by a mixture of functions.
Study of the Extraction Efficiency of Cathode Material and Its Structural Stability after Extraction
Authors: Guricová Patrícia , Čech Ondřej , Kazda Tomáš
Published: December 2021

Extraction of the cathode material from disassembled Samsung 18650 cell with LiCoO2 (LCO) chemistry was performed. The effect of dissolving with industrially used organic solvents is compared with the effect of selected ecological options. In successfully separated powders were studied structural changes as a function of aging and storage time. Ex-situ X-ray diffraction analysis was used for observation of differences between materials separated from cell in a fresh state and aged cell. Phase transition happening in the LiCoO2 material during cycling of the battery but also when in contact with air are discussed. Shift of the main peak (0 0 3) and (1 0 4) for the aged cathode material are displayed and discussed.
Inverse Vulcanisation of Sulfur - Preparation Methods and Applications
Authors: Cech Ondrej , Trochta D. , Kusmič David , Chladil Ladislav , Jasso Kamil , Klvac Ondrej , Cudek Pavel , Baca Petr , Kazda Tomas
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we present a general overview of the development of the sulfur-based polymers that have been synthesized by inverse vulcanization and therefore they are collectively referred to as inverse vulcanized sulfur. The method of inverse vulcanization was introduced in 2013. Since then many different samples of inverse vulcanized sulfur with different properties have been synthesized. At the same time, various practical applications were introduced, including the possibility of using inverse vulcanized sulfur as the active material of the Li-S batteries.
Effects of Hybrid Surface Treatment Composed of Plasma Nitriding and CrN Coating on Friction-Wear Properties of Stainless Steel
Authors: Nguyen Chien , Svoboda Emil , Sedlacek Jan , Sedlak Josef , Polzer Ales , Sliwkova Petra
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hybrid surface treatment composed of plasma nitriding (PN) and chromium nitride (CrN) coating on the friction-wear properties, the adhesion strength of AISI 316L stainless steel. The CrN coatings with the thickness of 1.0 µm and 2.2 µm were formed on the surfaces of both substrates with plasma nitriding (PN/CrN coating) and without plasma nitriding (CrN coating). The plasma nitriding, CrN coatings, and the hybrid treatment improved markedly the friction-wear properties of the stainless steel. The plasma nitriding generated a hardened layer between the soft substrate and the thin hard coatings and improved markedly friction-wear properties of the CrN-coated stainless steel and the adhesion of the CrN coatings.
The Spread of Corrosion of the Deposited Material Using the Cold Spray Method
Authors: Binar Tomáš , Zimáková Jana , Steiniger Jakub , Řehořek Lukáš , Křivík Petr , Cudek Pavel , Sedlarikova Marie
Published: December 2021

A layer of copper was applied to the base aluminum material using the cold spray method (cold kinetic deposition). The samples were exposed to corrosion in a salt chamber for 100, 200 and 300 hours. The change in the size of the internal and surface resistance of the samples was monitored. The corrosion results were also examined using an electron microscope.
Annealing of Polymer Material PLA for Improved Properties
Authors: Šafl Pavel , Zimáková Jana , Binar Tomáš
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work was to improve the properties of 3D printed products using annealing. The biggest problem that 3D printed products face is internal stress and poor tribological properties, but it can be eliminated by annealing. The material chosen for this work is PLA, which is the most used material for 3D printing. Stress reduction was performed by drying furnace, which is capable of gradually increasing the temperature and therefore does not cause unwanted thermal shock. The drying furnace is fully sufficient for annealing plastics as it is able to maintain temperatures up to 250°C. After annealing, the samples were placed into a UV chamber. With the help of heat and moisture, the deformation of annealed and non-annealed testing bodies was monitored.
Simulating the Climatic Impact on Vehicle Engine Function Parts
Authors: Binar Tomáš , Zimáková Jana , Šafl Pavel , Sedlarikova Marie
Published: December 2021

The paper describes the assessment of the influence of climatic conditions, temperature and relative humidity on the lifespan of the cylinder forming the functional part of the vehicle TATRA 815 6x6 VVN. Based on the measured notch-toughness value in the test temperature range -80 °C to +100 °C, the corrosion effect on specimens with and without corrosion protection was evaluated. A condensation chamber was used to simulate corrosion conditions which can cause corrosion and degradation process in the material leading to lifetime reduction and limit state development. The duration of the corrosion laboratory tests in the condensation chamber considered the real time when the TATRA 815 6x6 VVN vehicle is exposed to climate change on an open area in the fleet. There were three sets of samples for simulations with different number of cycles (9, 18 and 27 cycles).
The Numerical Simulation of Thermal Abuse and Runaway in Lithium Ion Battery Pack
Authors: Vyroubal Petr , Kazda Tomas , Mačák Martin
Published: December 2021

Computer simulations today play an important role in the field of science and technology. The same is true in the field of electrochemistry, where they are used mainly to model the charging and discharging processes in various types of batteries, at the various loads and temperature processes associated with it. This article deals with the possibility of modeling thermal abuse, which subsequently leads to the thermal runaway effect in a lithium ion battery pack. The simulation is accompanied by experimental measurements and comparison of the original results from the real test and simulation.
Battery Powered Lawn Mower
Authors: Vorel Pavel , Martiš Jan
Published: December 2021

An electric lawn mower supplied from batteries was designed and constructed. Li-ion cells are used because of their high volumetric and weight energy density. Falling prices of these batteries allow such a conception to be practical. Two separate motors are used – one for the traction and the other for the main blade drive. Both motors are brushless DC motors (three-phase synchronous motors with permanent magnets with a specific waveform of the induced voltage). Hall sensors are used to sense the rotor position which is necessary for the control of converters. A high torque outrunner construction of the blade motor was selected to eliminate the need of a gearbox. The used battery capacity of 1.6 kWh was shown to be unnecessarily high for a practical operation – a long operation time (more than 3 hours for one charge), high weight.
Electrochemical Cell Preparation on MEMS Chip Surface Inside Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Klvac Ondrej , Kazda Tomas , Cech Ondrej , Fam Yakub , Novak Libor
Published: December 2021

This paper reports the preparation process of an electrochemical cell consisting of metallic lithium, lithium titanate, and ionic liquid on a MEMS chip surface. Firstly, the MEMS chip is described and the connectivity test of the used pads is performed using voltage contrast imaging. Then the process of electrode preparation using the FIB-SEM technique is described in detail. Special attention is paid to lithium, its degradation during transport into the SEM chamber, and the behavior during ion beam cutting. Finally, a complete battery system was built. It was possible to measure charging/discharging of the model battery system, nevertheless, the functionality was affected by the redeposition of conductive materials on the MEMS surface and charging by an electron beam.
[Retracted] Design Model of Urban Leisure Sports Public Facilities Based on Big Data and Machine Vision
Authors: Li Wenjia , Zhang Weitang
Published: December 2021

Sports facilities are the material basis for people to participate in physical exercise. The construction of facilities is conducive to improving people’s health and their expectations for a happy life. Sports facilities are part of the infrastructure. The reasonable layout of sports facilities is conducive to shortening the gap between urban and rural areas, achieving common economic prosperity, and promoting social harmony and unity. Public sports facilities are of great significance to urban construction and people’s daily lives. Based on big data and machine vision, this document constructs a big data model framework for urban public sports and leisure facilities, quantifies the diversity and overall coordination of sports facilities, and conducts simulation experiments on the designed urban leisure and sports public facility model. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional method, this method effectively improves the coverage of urban leisure and sports public facilities, and the space utilization rate is increased by 15.32% compared with the traditional method, which maximizes the use of regional space and makes it more convenient for urban residents. It can carry out physical exercise quickly and improve the quality of life of residents.
Identification of MATN3 as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer through Comprehensive TCGA and GEO Data Mining
Authors: Wang Pan , Xiao Wei-sheng , Li Yue-hua , Wu Xiao-ping , Zhu Hong-bo , Tan Ye-ru
Published: December 2021

Gastric cancer (GC) is still a vital malignant cancer across the world with unsatisfactory prognostic results. Matrilin-3 (MATN3) is a member of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein family. The present research intends to explore the expression level of MATN3 in patients with GC and to explore the prognosis significance of MATN3. In this study, we observed that the MATN3 expression was remarkably upregulated in GC samples in contrast to noncancer samples. Clinical analyses unveiled that high MATN3 expression was related to age, tumor status, and clinical stages. Survival analyses unveiled that patients with high MATN3 expression displayed a poorer overall survival and progression-free survival than those with low MATN3 expression. The AUC of the relevant ROC curve for 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years of survival is 0.571, 0.596, and 0.720, separately. Multivariate assays revealed that MATN3 expression and stage were independent predictors of poor prognosis of GC patients. A meta-analysis unveiled that high MATN3 expression was tightly associated with better overall survival. Overall, our data indicated that MATN3 may have a diagnostic and prognostic value for patients with advanced gastric cancer and assist to improve clinical outcomes for GC patients.
Rock Damage and Aquifer Property Estimation from Water Level Fluctuations in Wells Induced by Seismic Waves: A Case Study in X10 Well, Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhao Di , Zeng Yifan , Sun Xiaolong , Mei Aoshuang
Published: December 2021

There is a coupling relationship between surrounding rock stress, deformation, and fracture evolution, especially in the microdynamics of the crust caused by mining activities and earthquakes. Previous research has investigated many cases regarding the coseismal water level responses and proposed a method to calculate the aquifer parameters by tidal analysis. However, to date, measurement of the degree of rock damage in the field has not been reported. Quantifying the fracture characteristics is essential for accurate evaluation of rock stability. This study has analyzed the relationship between the seismograms and hydroseismograms in response to the Mw 7.8 Solomon Islands earthquake and the Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake, both events occurring in 2016. The calculated and measured changes in water level in the X10 well were fitted in order to study the relationships among the volumetric strain, the deviatoric strain, and the oscillations in the pore pressure. Then, we further estimate the degree of rock damage and the hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer. The results showed that the values for the rock damage parameter, 0.662 < αD < 0.754, and the Skempton coefficient, −0.100 < A < 0.026, estimated for the Solomon Islands earthquake signified higher damage and dilatancy in the X10 well. Also, the respective values for the parameters, 0.293 < αD < 0.363 and 0.226 < A < 0.251, calculated for the Kaikōura earthquake signified a lower degree of rock damage. It is concluded that the changes in the pore pressure were influenced by both the volumetric strain and the deviatoric strain. The degree of rock damage and the hydraulic properties of the aquifer estimated from the water level fluctuations in the wells which were induced by the seismic waves represent the actual aquifer characteristics.
Association of Common Medications and the Risk of Early-Onset Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Matched Study
Authors: MacArthur Taleen A. , Harmsen William Scott , Mandrekar Jay , Abraha Feven , Grotz Travis E.
Published: December 2021

Background. Early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC,age≤60years at diagnosis) now comprises >30% of new gastric cancers in the United States. It is hypothesized that chronic acid suppression with proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may promote tumorigenesis, while other medications including statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been proposed as protective. We aimed to assess for an association between use of the aforementioned commonly prescribed medications and EOGC development. Methods. We used a population-based medical record linkage system, to identify cases of EOGC in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2020. Patients were matched 1 : 1 with controls based on age at diagnosis, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations with the odds of EOGC development. Results. Ninety-six cases of EOGC were identified during the study period. On both univariate and multivariate regression analysis, there was no significant association between use of PPIs, statins, NSAIDs, or metformin and EOGC development. In a final multivariable model, there was a significant reduction in odds of EOGC with COX-2 inhibitor use for six months or more prior to cancer diagnosis (OR=0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.94). Conclusion. In this retrospective, population-based study of individuals in Olmsted County, MN, we found significantly reduced odds of EOGC development associated with COX-2 inhibitor use for six months or more prior to diagnosis, but no association between EOGC development and use of PPIs and other commonly prescribed medications.
Research on the Application of GIS Technology Combined with RBFNN‐GA Algorithm in the Delineation of Geological Hazard Prone Areas
Authors: Lei Tianwang , Lu Yao , Zhang Chong , Wang Jing , Zhou Qi
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of the economy and society, geological disasters such as landslides, collapses, and mudslides have shown an intensifying trend, seriously endangering the safety of people’s lives and property, and affecting the sustainable development of the economy and society. Aiming at the problems of merging different data layers and determining the weighting of data stacking in the statistical analysis model based on GIS technology in the evaluation of the risk of geological disasters, this study proposes a logistic regression model combined with the RBFNN‐GA algorithm, that is, the determination of the occurrence of geological disasters. The fusion coefficient (CF value) with the RBFNN‐GA algorithm model, and with the help of SPSS statistical analysis software, solves the problem of factor selection, heterogeneous data merging, and weighting of each data layer in the risk assessment. In the experimental stage, this study adopts the method of geological hazard certainty coefficients to carry out the sensitivity analysis of the geological hazards in the study area. Using homogeneous grid division, the spatial quantitative evaluation of the risk of geological disasters is realized, and at the same time, the results of the spatial quantitative evaluation of the risk of geological disasters are tested according to the latest landslide points in the region. The existing classification mainly depends on the acquisition of land use/cover information or the processing method of the acquired information, but the existing information acquisition will be limited by time, space, and spectral resolution. The results show that the number of landslide points per unit area in the extremely unstable zone and the unstable zone is 0.0395 points/km2 and 0.0251 points/km2, respectively, which is much higher than 0.0038 points/km2 in the stable zone, indicating the evaluation results and actual landslide conditions.
Fast Transfer Navigation for Autonomous Robots
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Xudong , Tao Xiaolin , Ling Kai , Liu Quhui , Tao Gan
Published: December 2021

Navigation technology enables indoor robots to arrive at their destinations safely. Generally, the varieties of the interior environment contribute to the difficulty of robotic navigation and hurt their performance. This paper proposes a transfer navigation algorithm and improves its generalization by leveraging deep reinforcement learning and a self-attention module. To simulate the unfurnished indoor environment, we build the virtual indoor navigation (VIN) environment to compare our model and its competitors. In the VIN environment, our method outperforms other algorithms by adapting to an unseen indoor environment. The code of the proposed model and the virtual indoor navigation environment will be released.
[Retracted] Analysis of Sports Injury Estimation Model Based on Mutation Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Wang Dong , Yang Jeng-Sheng
Published: December 2021

In recent years, with the gradual development of sports, the competition between athletes is becoming more and more fierce. The long training time and heavy body load of athletes lead to the increase of the incidence of sports injury, and the evaluation and analysis of athletes’ sports injury need a lot of manpower and material resources. In order to improve the calculation efficiency of sports injury estimation results and save the cost of estimation and analysis, we propose a sports injury estimation model based on the algorithm model of mutation fuzzy neural network. The sports injury model constructed in this paper can not only systematically evaluate and analyze the degree of sports injury of athletes, but also improve the accuracy and efficiency; at the same time, it has universality for the evaluation and analysis of the degree of sports injury. The construction of this model provides the theoretical basis of big data algorithm for the prevention of sports injury and the application of mutation fuzzy neural network in the field of sports.
Application of Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Cui Wei , Meng Guoying , Wang Aiming , Zhang Xinge , Ding Jun
Published: December 2021

With the continuous progress of modern industry, rotating machinery is gradually developing toward complexity and intelligence. The fault diagnosis technology of rotating machinery is one of the key means to ensure the normal operation of equipment and safe production, which has very important significance. Deep learning is a useful tool for analyzing and processing big data, which has been widely used in various fields. After a brief review of early fault diagnosis methods, this paper focuses on the method models that are widely used in deep learning: deep belief networks (DBN), autoencoders (AE), convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), generative adversarial networks (GAN), and transfer learning methods are summarized from the two aspects of principle and application in the field of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Then, the commonly used evaluation indicators used to evaluate the performance of rotating machinery fault diagnosis methods are summarized. Finally, according to the current research status in the field of rotating machinery fault diagnosis, the current problems and possible future development and research trends are discussed.
Preparation of Magnetic Composite Polyaniline/Fe3O4−Hydrotalcite and Performance in Removal of Methyl Orange
Authors: Tran Thi Tuong An , Duong Huynh Thanh Linh , Pham Thi Thuy Phuong , Nguyen Tri , Nguyen Thi Dung , Tran Boi An
Published: December 2021

Magnetic composite fabricated from polyaniline and Fe3O4-hydrotalcite (Pan/MHT) was successfully applicated for removal of methyl orange (MO) from wastewater. The structure and properties of Pan/MHT were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller adsorption isotherm. Adsorption kinetic results indicated that the adsorption process followed pseudosecond-order kinetic model ([Formula: see text]), MO adsorption onto Pan/MHT was well described by Freundlich isotherm ([Formula: see text]), and the MO adsorption capacity of 2 Pan/MHT obtained the highest with [Formula: see text]. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out using magnetic composite with the effects of initial MO concentration, solution pH, and adsorbent dosage. The results revealed that the magnetic Pan/MHT exhibited efficient adsorption of MO in the aqueous solution as a result of the affinity for organic dyes, microporous structure, and suitable surface area for adsorption (15,460 m2/g). The superparamagnetic behavior of Pan/MHT (with[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and[Formula: see text]) helps that it could be separated from the solution and performs as an economical and alternative adsorbent to removal and degrade azo dye from wastewater. Pan/MHT was also investigated to reuse after desorption of MO in 0.1 M HCl, and the results show that 2 Pan/MHT can be reused for 4 cycles with [Formula: see text]
Construction of Clinical Pathway Information Management System under the Guidance of Evidence-Based Medicine
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Chen Jie , Peng Fang , Lu Jingtai
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on clinical pathways guided by evidence-based medicine (EBM). With the clinical pathway as the center, the subjective and objective medical knowledge of medical staff are collected, and a clinical pathway management system guided by EBM is established through a unified process; user demand analysis; main considerations; implementation, evaluation, and monitoring of the clinical path; and dictionary maintenance, to help hospitals fully regulate medical behaviors. Next, the study displays the path access prompt box, area 1 management page, table management page, exit prompt box, mutation record page, doctor order interface, revocation of execution, and monitoring interface, and the system designed is compared with the Beijing Shankang Technology (ASK) clinical data management system in terms of user experience. The results showed that the reporting rate of medical adverse events in the system in this study was 0.21%, and the work efficiency was increased by 14%. In terms of users’ satisfaction, the hospital managers’ satisfaction was 84 ± 5.36%, and it was 95 ± 4.72% for medical staff and 88 ± 4.91% for system administrators, superior to the ASK system; the differences were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, the clinical pathway information management system is in line with the working environment of medical staff, and the synchronous monitoring and management of medical quality are achieved through digital means, which can reduce the occurrence of medical adverse events and improve the work efficiency of medical staff.