bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation and human rights: a decision by the Human Rights Committee Daniel Billy et al. v. Australia CCPR/C/135/D/3624/2019
Authors: Bhardwaj Chhaya
Published: June 2023

The author critically analyses the decision of the Human Rights Committee (HRC) in Daniel Billy et al. v. Australia and argues that this decision leaves several gaps in its interpretation and application of ‘right to life’ and rights of children in a climate change case. This is the second decision in which the HRC holds that climate change, sea-level rise, coastal erosion etc. is likely to negatively impact right to life of people residing in affected coastal regions in the next 10–15 years, preventing the HRC to hold that climate change or sea-level rise is an ‘imminent’ or ‘foreseeable’ threat to the right to life of people. For the rights of children, he HRC rules that right to culture was impaired, specifically because the islanders ability to disseminate their culture to future generations was impaired. While this rationale was used to hold ‘right to culture’ violations, this rationale was not applied in the context of ‘rights of children’. The HRC decision overall does not take the inter-dependability of human rights into consideration, while holding that one right is violated and other is not.
Systematic Review Research in Marketing Scholarship: Optimizing Rigor
Authors: Coombes Philip
Published: June 2023

Literature reviews are an essential feature of academic research because, fundamentally, the advancement of knowledge must be built on prior existing work, and to push the frontiers of knowledge, one must be clear as to where these frontiers presently are. By systematically analyzing, synthesizing, and summarizing bodies of related literature, hypotheses can be tested and/or new theories and insights developed. However, despite the recent increase in systematic review research in business and management, and particularly marketing literature, arguably, many reviews continue to be poorly undertaken and reported due to a lack of a rigorous modus operandi for their journal editors, reviewers, and readers. The purpose of this paper is twofold, first to offer marketing researchers and practitioners a modus operandi to better demonstrate the optimization of rigor when undertaking quantitative systematic review research, and second to represent a call-to-action for marketing scholarship to engage further with optimizing rigorous systematic review research in the future. The paper thereby contributes to marketing literature by offering researchers and practitioners a three-stage protocol to demonstrate the optimization of rigor when undertaking systematic review research.
Caught in a school choice quandary: What should an equity-minded parent do?
Authors: Merry Michael S.
Published: June 2023

In this article, I examine a case involving an equity-minded parent caught in a quandary about which school to select for her child, knowing that her decision may have consequences for others. To do so, I heuristically construct a fictional portrait and explore the deliberative process a parent might have through a dialogue taking place among ‘friends’, where each friend personifies a different set of ethical considerations. I then briefly consider two competing philosophical assessments but argue that neither position helpfully assists in resolving the quandary. To conclude, I ask the provocative question whether parental motives – but also their school choices – actually matter if the inequitable outcomes seem to remain unchanged.
Chronic atrophic gastritis – An overlooked association with severe vitamin B12 deficiency: A case report and rapid review of literature
Authors: Abosamra Mahmoud , Bateman Adrian C , Jalal Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Current guidelines recommend surveillance for gastric adenocarcinoma in patients with extensive chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), which is considered a premalignant condition. Although the association between vitamin B12 deficiency and CAG is well described, the indication for endoscopic investigation is only advised in patients with pernicious anaemia. Our case did not have evidence of autoimmune or H. pylori infection but despite this she had CAG. We suggest considering gastroscopy for severe, unexplained vitamin B12 deficiency, particularly in this patient group.
Challenges for Political Science Research Ethics in Autocracies: A Case Study of Central Asia
Authors: Collins Neil , Sharplin Elaine , Burkhanov Aziz
Published: June 2023

The imperative to conduct research ethically has been firmly established. Biomedical and applied research in the Global North has dominated the development of an ethical framework based on four broad principles: respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. The prevailing research ethics can become significant constraints to political scientists focussing on non-democratic settings. The appropriateness of these codes in guiding political scientists’ research, especially in authoritarian contexts of Central Asia, is examined. The article outlines the need for a more culturally and contextually nuanced approach to research ethics and an understanding of the discipline-specific ethical dilemmas for researchers within political science.
“Domestic Feminism”: The Politics of Reproduction and Motherhood in Hulu’s The Handmaid’s Tale
Authors: Boyle Amy
Published: June 2023

Popularized by Hulu’s television adaptation, the allegories and iconography of The Handmaid’s Tale have been used in women’s reproductive rights activism around the world. However, at the same time, the series has been recognized and critiqued as offering white, conservative feminism. This article explores how Hulu’s adaptation often works to domesticate Margaret Atwood’s novel and the series’ feminist implications in regard to reproduction and motherhood. While The Handmaid’s Tale has become spectacularly visible as a popular feminist television series, its reproductive politics and representations of women, family and motherhood are largely conservative: waging a limited resistance on behalf of neotraditional white Anglo-western mothers. In light of the Supreme Court decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, this article is motivated by the conviction that it is increasingly important to hold sociocultural representations of reproduction and motherhood to account.
What Explains a Representative’s Staffing “Style”? Exploring the Relationship between Congressional Staffing Decisions and Electoral Considerations
Authors: Byers Jason S. , Shay Laine P.
Published: June 2023

Students of legislative politics are divided over the relationship between electoral vulnerability and the type of “home style” members of Congress adopt in terms of their district staffing decisions. The conventional wisdom asserts that an increase in electoral vulnerability corresponds with a legislator increasing the number of district staffers. However, another body of works implies that the inverse relationship should occur. To settle these competing claims, we explore the staffing decisions of legislators serving in the House of Representatives between the 101st and 113th Congress. We find that an increase in electoral vulnerability is associated with a decrease in district staffers. These results cast doubt on the widely held view that a legislator’s electoral vulnerability results in an increase in district attentiveness at least in terms of their district staff. Additionally, our findings provide several insights into the relationship between elections and representation.
Response Latencies as Evidence of Social Desirability Bias in Voter Turnout Overreports
Authors: Cuevas-Molina Ivelisse
Published: June 2023

Most vote validation studies assume that socially desirable responding is the cause of turnout overreports. Still, very little has been done to test this assertion. Using response latency measures from the 2020 Cooperative Election Study and its vote validation data, I examine the relationship between overreporting turnout and response latencies. Emulating research on the effect of deception on response latencies I test whether turnout overreports have a similar effect to that of deception on the response latencies for self-reported turnout. I find that the respondents who overreport turnout have higher mean response times than validated voters on average, and address the role memory in predicting the length of response latencies for the turnout self-reports. This study sheds light on the cognitive mechanism that underlies the occurrence of overreports in survey research, and provides new evidence to support the view that overreports of voter turnout occur due to socially desirable responding.
A Psychometric Analysis of the Early Identification System–Student Report in a Sample of Southwestern U.S. Students
Authors: Powell Steven L.
Published: June 2023

The Early Identification System–Student Report (EIS-SR) is a 34-item measure of social-emotional functioning that is designed to be a low-cost universal screening tool. To date, studies of the EIS-SR demonstrate promising psychometric properties, but these properties have not yet been assessed in groups of children from historically underrepresented populations. The current study seeks to help close this gap in the literature by examining the evidence of validity related to the internal structure of the EIS-SR in a sample of Grades 3 through 8 students in the southwestern United States. Analyses indicated mixed findings regarding the model fit of the EIS-SR in the obtained sample, which implies that more data regarding its measurement invariance across diverse populations are needed.
Dynamic modeling and analysis of wheeled wall-climbing robot
Authors: Guizhi Lyu , Peng Wang , Guohong Li , Feng Lu , Shenglong Dai
Published: June 2023

The dynamic model is very important for the design of a wall-climbing robot and the final realization of its motion performance. The general process of dynamic modeling and expression equations of dynamic models are given for the wheeled wall-climbing robot based on the modeling method of the Udwadia-Phohomsiri equation. Firstly, the dynamic model of an unconstrained four-wheeled wall-climbing robot is constructed. Then, a trajectory constraint is defined, the rationality of the dynamic model for the unconstrained wall-climbing robot is verified by numerical simulation. Again, constraint equations under the conditions of synchronous toothed belt structure, non-lateral motion and nonslip between the driving wheel and the wall surface are established. Finally, the dynamic model of the unconstrained wall-climbing robot is gradually combined with constraint equations, and numerical simulations are implemented. Numerical simulation results verify the correctness of the wall-climbing robot model and constraint models, as well as the effectiveness and advantages of the modeling method.
High pressure sealing characteristics of combined structure based on flexible graphite rings
Authors: Zhao Xiangyang , Zhang Xianyong , Li Kai
Published: June 2023

Seal components made of flexible graphite have excellent resistance to temperature, while sealing of high pressure fluids is unsatisfactory. The sealing behavior of flexible graphite rings is characterized by the ratio of the contact pressure to the axial pressure. The FEA results show that the lateral pressure decreases roughly linearly along the direction of the sealing path, and the lateral pressure coefficient increases with increasing axial pressure. We design a combined seal structure based on flexible graphite rings, and extract the contact pressure along two sealing paths. The results imply that the self-sealing effect is more favorable when the pressure of the sealing fluid is increased. The effect of the friction coefficient on the contact pressure is not significant, except at the beginning of the sealing path. Sealing effects are tested under the coupling condition of 350°C and 50 MPa, which verify the sealing performance under high temperature and high pressure. The comparison of the test results of “ kf” (the product of lateral pressure coefficient and friction coefficient) with those of the FEA validates the rationality of the analytical approach. The comprehensive coefficient “ kf” can be easily obtained by testing, and can be used as a key parameter for seal design.
Following 4 months of social distancing during COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil did not change aspects of functioning in children and adolescents with developmental disabilities: A longitudinal study
Authors: Brugnaro Beatriz Helena , Fernandes Gesica , Vieira Fabiana Nascimento , Pavão Silvia Letícia , Rocha Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and its demands of social distancing have created challenges in the lives of children/adolescents with developmental disabilities and their families, which would change aspects of children’s functioning. The objetive of this study was to evaluate changes in some components of functioning of children/adolescents with disabilities following 4 months of social distancing during a period of high contamination rate in the year 2020 in Brazil. Participated 81 mothers of children/adolescents with disabilities, 3-17 years, most of them (80%) diagnosed with Down syndrome, cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorder. Remote assessments of functioning’ aspects including IPAQ, YC-PEM/ PEM-C, Social Support Scale and PedsQL V.4.0. Wilcoxon tests compared the measures, with significance level <0.05. No significant changes in participant’s functioning were identified. Social adjustments required to facing the pandemic during two points in time in the midst of the pandemic did not change the evaluated aspects of functioning in our sample of Brazilian.
Clinical characteristics and outcome in expansive compared with steno-occlusive mural hematoma in spontaneous cervical artery dissection
Authors: Mayer-Suess Lukas , Dejakum Benjamin , Ratzinger Gudrun , Gizewski Elke R , Kiechl Stefan , Knoflach Michael
Published: June 2023

Background:

Spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCeAD) is one of the prime causes of ischemic stroke in young adults. Based on vessel wall imaging, steno-occlusive or expansive wall hematomas can be distinguished. It is unclear whether these two distinct morphological phenotypes reflect different pathophysiological processes.

Aim:

We aim to evaluate differences in clinical characteristics and long-term recurrence between patients with expansive and steno-occlusive mural wall hematoma in the acute phase.

Methods:

Participants of the ReSect-study, one of the largest single-center cohort studies with long-term follow-up of sCeAD patients, with sufficient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. All available MRI scans were retrospectively evaluated for patients dichotomized to two groups: (1) mural hematoma causing steno-occlusive pathologies without expansion of total vessel diameter (steno-occlusive hematoma), and (2) mural hematoma causing vessel diameter expansion without lumen stenosis (expansive hematoma). Patients with mixed steno-occlusive and expansive vessel pathologies were excluded from the analysis.

Results:

In total, 221 individuals were available for analysis. The pathognomonic vessel wall hematoma was steno-occlusive in 187 (84.6%) and expansive in 34 (15.4%). No difference was seen in patient demographics, clinical status at admission, laboratory parameters, family history, or the frequency of clinical stigmata for connective tissue disorders. Both patients with expansive and steno-occlusive mural hematoma had a high likelihood of suffering cerebral ischemia (64.7 vs 79.7). Still, time from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly longer in those with expansive dissection (17.8 vs 7.8 days, p = 0.02). Those with expansive dissections were more likely to have upper respiratory infection within 4 weeks prior to dissection (26.5% vs 12.3%, p = 0.03). Upon follow-up, functional outcome was identical and groups did not differ in rate of sCeAD recurrence, but those with expansive mural hematoma at baseline more frequently had residual aneurysmal formation (41.2% vs 11.5%, p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

As cerebral ischemia was frequent in both, our clinical results do not advise for differential treatment or follow-up based on the acute morphological phenotype. There was no clear evidence of a different aetiopathogenesis between patients with steno-occlusive or expansive mural hematoma in the acute phase. More mechanistic approaches are needed to elucidate potential differences in pathomechanism between both entities.

Data access:

Anonymized data not published within this article will be made available by request from any qualified investigator.
Because I’m happy – positive affect and its predictive value for future disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lang Brian M. , Ledergerber Martina , Jordi Sebastian Bruno Ulrich , Krupka Niklas , Biedermann Luc , Schreiner Philipp , Juillerat Pascal , Wyss Jacqueline , Vavricka Stephan R. , Zeitz Jonas , von Känel Roland , Rogler Gerhard , Beerenwinkel Niko , Misselwitz Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Background:

While the detrimental impact of negative emotions on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and quality of life has been extensively investigated, evidence for a potential impact of positive emotions is scarce.

Objectives:

We aim to analyse contributing factors of positive affect and their predictive value for disease course in IBD patients.

Design:

In this retrospective cohort study, epidemiological, psychosocial and IBD disease characteristics of Swiss IBD cohort study patients were analysed longitudinally.

Methods:

Epidemiological, psychosocial and disease characteristics were extracted from the database of the Swiss IBD cohort study. Participants’ positive emotions were assessed cross-sectionally with the seven-item Marburg questionnaire (range 1–6) addressing positive affect in different aspects of daily life. Predictors of positive emotions were identified by linear regression. The quantitative longitudinal impact of positive emotions on the further disease course was analysed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

Among 702 IBD patients, those reporting more positive emotions were found to have significantly less intense medical treatment, less pain and fewer depressive symptoms ( p < 0.05). A higher percentage of variability in positive emotions was explained by pain (36%) and depressive symptoms (13%) than by epidemiological characteristics (0.3%), or characteristics of IBD and its treatment (2.4%). Patients with higher levels of positive emotions (score > 3.5) experienced longer flare-free survival, also after adjusting for confounders (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.39, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The absence of pain and depressive symptoms were the strongest drivers for high positive affect. Higher scores of positive affect were associated with longer disease-free survival in IBD patients.
Cumulative Data of 1H and 13C NMR Signals and Specific Rotations of Eremophilane Sesquiterpenoids. 3. 10H-Furanoeremophilanes Without 3-O Functionality
Authors: Tori Motoo
Published: June 2023

1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance signals and specific rotations of eremophilane sesquiterpenoids are cumulated as a series of review articles. In the third chapter of this review, 143 10H-furanoeremophilanes without 3-O functionality are listed in 33 tables. Those with 3-O functional groups (OH, OAc, and OR), 1,10-unsaturated, 1,10-epoxy, cacalol derivatives (ring B aromatized), dihydrofurans, nor-compounds, seco-compounds, and related compounds are not included in this article. These data may help chemists working in the area of natural products chemistry as well as synthetic scientists.
Home-Based Indoor Physical Activity Programs for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Santos Isis Kelly dos , Cobucci Ricardo Ney , Medeiros Jason Azevedo de , Assis Gilmara Gomes de , Medeiros Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de , Knackfuss Maria Irany , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco , Santos Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos , Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva
Published: June 2023

Context:

Home-based exercise programs are a good strategy to promote benefits to health for people who cannot visit gyms, clinics, or have limited time for physical activity outside.

Objective:

To synthesize the effect of home-based indoor physical activity on psychosocial outcomes and mobility in community-dwelling older adults.

Data Sources:

A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Study Selection:

A total of 11 studies (13 publications) were included involving a total of 1004 older adults.

Study Design:

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted using the aforementioned 7 databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.

Level of Evidence:

Level 2.

Data Extraction:

Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and determined the risk of bias and evidence level using the Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE) guidelines. We conducted a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) to assess the outcome.

Results:

There is moderately certain evidence that home-based exercise programs reduced the fear of falling. Psychosocial (mental health and quality of life) and mobility outcomes may improve after participating in the intervention inside the home.

Conclusion:

The review found very low to certain evidence that home-based exercises programs improved psychosocial outcomes (mental health and quality of life) and walking speed (mobility). Moderately certain evidence suggests that home-based exercises improved fear of falling.

Protocol Register Number:

CRD42020182008.
Thinking through the lens of dialogical self, I positions and intersectionality for exploring how Hungarian kindergarten pedagogues experienced the new Curriculum Framework
Authors: Mikuska Eva , Raffai Judit , Vukov Raffai Éva
Published: June 2023

In 2018 a new, more inclusive concept, of preschool education was adopted in Serbia with plans to implement the change from September 2019 to 2022. This paper examines how the national reform in Early Childhood Education (ECE) was perceived by Hungarian kindergarten pedagogues, who are the largest ethnic minority group in Vojvodina, Serbia. To consider the possible impact this change has on both kindergarten pedagogues and children the research aims were to explore, and to increase scholarly awareness of, potential issues Hungarian ethnic kindergarten pedagogues are facing in their understanding of the new approach. Narratives from Hungarian kindergarten pedagogues who were working with preschool age children were collected. To illuminate different understandings, we propose to apply dialogical self, I positions and intersectionality as a fruitful approach for analysing personal and cultural positioning. Findings show uncertainty, resistance, and sentient ways educators interpret the new programme. Findings also demonstrated many kindergarten pedagogues applied a reflexive method of professional practice that remained unchanged for decades. It was demonstrated that in the professional context, the interactions between different selves, and intersection between different cultures contribute to different positions, and storylines, cumulatively resulting in new we and they positioning. Our recommendation is that further opportunities need to be developed to advance the kindergarten pedagogues’ competencies how to deal with change.
Prevalence and associated factors of infection after intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures among patients attending St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, AaBET Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Desta Tilahun , Lodamo Teshale , Mulat Habtewold , Demissie Dereje Bayissa , Ayalew Kalkidan
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

The intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures is a major challenge for orthopedic surgeons, with increased risk of infection in third-world countries. Research gaps remain in Ethiopia, determining the magnitude of the problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of infection after intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures in Ethiopia.

Methods:

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective design study with a total census of 227 cases of long bone fractures treated with intramedullary Surgical Implant Generation Network nails at Addis Ababa Burn Emergency and Trauma Hospital from August 2015 to April 2017. Data were collected from 227 patients and descriptive analyses were done to summarize the study variables. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed at a p value of 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval and adjusted odds ratio.

Results:

The mean age of patients was 32.9 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.5:1. Only 22 (9.3%) of the 227 patients with long bone fractures treated with intramedullary nails developed a surgical site infection, and 8 (3.4%) were developed deep (implant) infections requiring debridement. Road traffic injuries were the leading cause of trauma (60.9%), followed by falls from a height (22.7%). Debridement was done within 24 h for 52 (61.9%) and within 72 h for 69 (82.1%) patients with open fractures. Only 19 (22.4%) and 55 (64.7%) patients with open fractures and tibial long bone fractures received antibiotics within 3 h. Open fractures and tibial fractures had higher percentages of infection, 18.6% and 12.1%, respectively. Previous use of an external fixator (44.4%) and prolonged surgery (12.5%) were associated with higher proportions of infection.

Conclusion:

This study found that the prevalence of infections after intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures in Ethiopia was 44.4% after external fixation, compared to 6.4% after intramedullary nail was inserted directly. Proper control measures are needed to reduce morbidity and complications related to long fracture treatment, such as open fractures, tibial fractures, the use of an external fixator, delayed debridement and skin closure, and prolonged surgery developed surgical site infection rate.
Biochemical spectrum of parathyroid hormone disorders in patients attending Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Niraula Apeksha , Baidya Sujata , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Tuladhar Eans Tara , Dubey Raju Kumar , Bhattarai Aseem , Raut Mithileshwer , Parajuli Naresh
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

This study intends to determine the association of parathormone with vitamin D and other biochemical parameters (calcium and phosphate) and evaluate the relationship between low vitamin D and parathormone levels.

Methods:

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 study participants over the period of 1 year. Patients who underwent laboratory investigations for vitamin D, parathormone, calcium, and phosphate in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory at the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital were included. Serum intact parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate were measured in Abbott Architect (ci4100) integrated system autoanalyzer.

Results:

Among the 310 study participants, 177 (57%) were males and 43% were females. The mean age of the patient was 47.09 ± 19.01 years. High intact parathyroid hormone (>68 pg/ml) was observed in 73% of the patients. Low vitamin D (<20 ng/ml) was present in 30.2% of the patients. The findings from our study depict that there is a negative significant correlation between intact parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D, and calcium levels and a positive correlation between intact parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The findings from our study illustrate that there is a swapping drift in the profile of hyperparathyroidism in the Nepalese population. We report the presence of hyperparathyroidism in the middle age group than in the older age group contradictory to that reported in the literature.
Impacts of Technology Use on the Workload of Registered Nurses: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mohammadnejad Fatemeh , Freeman Shannon , Klassen-Ross Tammy , Hemingway Dawn , Banner Davina
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Technology is an integral part of healthcare. With the rapid development of technological innovations that inform and support nurses, it is important to assess how these technologies may affect their workload particularly in rural contexts, where the workforce and supports may be limited. Methods: This literature review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework describes the breadth of technologies which impact on nurses’ workload. Five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Business Source Complete) were searched. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. A data matrix was used to organize the findings. Findings: The technology interventions described in the articles covered diverse topics including: Cognitive care technologies; Healthcare providers’ technologies; Communication technologies; E-learning technologies; and Assistive technologies and were categorized as: Digital Information Solutions; Digital Education; Mobile Applications; Virtual Communication; Assistive Devices; and Disease diagnoses groups based on the common features. Conclusion: Technology can play an important role to support nurses working in rural areas, however, not all technologies have the same impact. While some technologies showed evidence to positively impact nursing workload, this was not universal. Technology solutions should be considered on a contextual basis and thought should be given when selecting technologies to support nursing workload.
The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type A case report
Authors: Nishimura Shunsuke , Yamashita Koji , Togao Osamu , Kikuchi Kazufumi , Kuga Daisuke , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Yoshimoto Koji , Ishigami Kousei
Published: June 2023

We present a case of the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild type. The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is known as a highly specific imaging finding of astrocytoma, IDH-mutant. Meanwhile, IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic gliomas with telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT) promoter mutation in adults are defined as glioblastoma in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, fifth edition (2021 WHO classification), which underscores the importance of molecular information in central nervous system tumors. This indicates even glioblastoma, IDH-wild type may be masquerading as lower-grade glioma in histology. The reasons for the discrepancy between tumors with less aggressive histology and poor prognosis caused by telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation of IDH-wildtype diffuse glioma remain unclear. However, glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype should be considered as a potential differential diagnosis even in patients with the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in diffuse gliomas.
Analysis of Delphi study 7-point linear scale data by parametric methods: Use of the mean and standard deviation
Authors: Franc Jeffrey Michael , Hung Kevin Kei Ching , Pirisi Alessandro , Weinstein Eric S
Published: June 2023

The Delphi technique is a unique survey method that involves an iterative process to gain consensus when consensus is challenging to establish. Survey participants typically rate a variety of statements using a specified rating scale. The survey is repeated for several rounds, and at each round statements that do not reach a predefined level of consensus are advanced to the next round while giving the participants information about the responses of other participants for their comparison. The final statements are then ranked in order of the average rating. The statistical methods to analyze Delphi studies are not well described. This study investigates the use of a 1–7 linear rating scale along with parametric summary statistics for assessment of consensus and ranking of statements. A study set of 9297 individual ratings on the 1–7 scale were obtained from previously performed Delphi studies and used to create 490,000 simulated Delphi ratings with various numbers of participants. While the overall distribution of ratings was strongly left skewed the sampling distribution was near normally distributed for studies with five or more participants. The average difference between the standard deviation and interquartile range was −0.26/7. The overall risk of falsely concluding consensus using the standard deviation as a summary statistic was 7.3% when compared to using the interquartile range. The average difference between mean and median was −0.20/7. The risk of falsely ranking the statements by a value of 0.5 or more was near zero for all sample sizes when the mean was compared to the median. This study suggests that the use of the 1–7 linear rating scale in combination with the parametric summary statistics of standard deviation and mean is a valid method to analyze ratings from Delphi studies.
Interventions to Reduce Caregiver Burden Among Caregivers of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chu Sin Yee , Ibrahim Norhayati , Amit Noh , Gafor Abdul Halim Abdul , Ismail Rozmi , Lee Kai Wei , Siau Ching Sin
Published: June 2023

Caregivers for dialysis patients have endured tremendous burden and responsibilities in their daily lives from caregiving. Interventions that cater to them are essential, considering that they play an essential role in the illness management of patients. The purpose of this review is to examine the interventions implemented among the caregivers caring for patients diagnosed CKD and its effectiveness in alleviating the caregiver burden. PRISMA-ScR checklist was utilized as the reporting standard. Past studies were searched in four major citation databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science) in the timeframe of February 2022. Nine studies were identified, comprised of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies. The types of intervention programs reviewed were educational programs, supportive programs, family-centered programs, and psychological interventions. The evidences have suggested that these programs are effective in reducing caregiver burden among the caregivers of CKD patients.
Green Bond as an Innovative Financial Instrument in the Indian Financial Market: Insights From Systematic Literature Review Approach
Authors: Abhilash  , Shenoy Sandeep S. , Shetty Dasharathraj K. , Lobo Lumen Shawn , N. Subrahmanya Kumar
Published: June 2023

As India has set its ambitious target of reaching renewable energy by 2050, it has shown overwhelming interest in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) focused financial products. However, studies on the Indian green bond market are sparse, besides its divergent role in terms of green bond issuance from an emerging market’s perspective. This study aims to fill this gap by employing a systematic review of the literature, emphasizing green bond market growth, the limiting factors, and its future development. This review examined papers published between 2010 and 2022. The review demonstrates that the lack of proper framework, high transaction costs, non-labeling of bonds, higher greenwashing, issuers’ poor creditworthiness, less government involvement, unattractive sovereign rate, unavailability of financial benefits, and lack of awareness have suppressed the rapid expansion of this market. The study based on its findings suggests effective policy measures with the expectation of the active involvement of multiple stakeholders.
Do Regional Cultural Differences Affects the Effect of Accounting Firms’ Merger: Evidence From China
Authors: Chen Yingrun , Zhang Yi
Published: June 2023

Using data of the mergers among accounting firms from 2007 to 2018 in China, this paper examines how regional cultural differences between accounting firms in different places affect audit quality after a merger. We found that the greater the regional cultural differences (proxied by dialectal difference in spoken Chinese) between the accounting firms’ registered places before the merger, the greater the improvement in audit quality of the merged accounting firm after the merger. Our research indicates that in the process of accounting firms’ mergers, the utility of cultural capital brought about by regional cultural variations exceeds cultural conflicts. The results imply that cultural differences could be potentially beneficial to firms’ mergers and acquisitions. Therefore, managers should try to make full use of cultural differences to help a newly merged firm to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable development.
The Asymmetric Impact of the Oil Price and Disaggregate Shocks on Economic Policy Uncertainty: Evidence From China
Authors: Yang Yingce , Guo Junjie , He Ruihong
Published: June 2023

This study attempts to investigate the asymmetric impacts of oil price and component shocks on categorical economic policy uncertainties (EPUs) in China. A novel multiple thresholds nonlinear autoregressive distributed lagged model (ARDL) was employed to capture the asymmetric impacts of oil price and shocks on EPUs in the short and long run. Additionally, the influence of the Brent oil price on integral EPU was also examined. We find that asymmetric impact is more remarkable in the long run in China. Among the four categorical EPUs, trade policy uncertainty is the most notable in most cases. Based on the results, some implications are provided to policymakers and investors.
What Drives Followers-Influencer Intention in Influencer Marketing? The Perspectives of Emotional Attachment and Quality of Information
Authors: Shah Syed Asim , Shoukat Muhammad Haroon , Jamal Waseef , Shakil Ahmad Muhammad
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine to which extent perceived information quality and emotional attachment with digital influencers can shape the purchase intention of consumers while considering the mediating effects of perceived influence and the moderating effects of influencer reputation. A hypothetical model is tested based on social learning and media dependency theories. The response of 298 online users was analyzed by using Smart PLS-SEM. Results show that followers-influencers emotional attachment and perceived information quality promote the mediating role of followers’ perceived influence to increase the follower purchase intention. Contrary, influencer reputation does not moderate the effect of perceived influence on purchase intention. This study provides valuable input to companies that can help them design their influencers’ marketing strategies.
Improving the Quality of Career Decision-making of Students in Chinese Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Wang Xin-Hai , Wang Hsuan-Po , WenYa Laiv
Published: June 2023

The number of graduates from China’s higher vocational colleges and universities is increasing, and making wise career decisions plays a key role in students’ career development. This study is based on the conceptual framework of the Career Self-Management Model of the Social Cognitive Career Theory. This study constructed a model that can improve the quality of career decision-making among college students in higher vocational institutions and explores the effects of career values, career decision self-efficacy, and career goals on career decision-making. Questionnaire data from 654 students attending higher education institutions in China were used. The results showed that both career values and career decision self-efficacy had significant positive effects on career decisions. Moreover, both career decision self-efficacy and career goals played a mediating role. The results demonstrate the applicability of the Career Self-Management Model conceptual framework to the study of career decision-making among college students attending higher education institutions.
Exploring Automatic Hate Speech Detection on Social Media: A Focus on Content-Based Analysis
Authors: Nascimento Francimaria R. S. , Cavalcanti George D. C. , Da Costa-Abreu Márjory
Published: June 2023

Hate speech is a challenging problem, and its dissemination can cause potential harm to individuals and society by creating a sense of general unwelcoming to the marginalized groups, which usually are targeted. Therefore, it is essential to understand this issue and which techniques are useful for automatic detection. This paper presents a survey on automatic hate speech detection on social media, providing a structured overview of theoretical aspects and practical resources. Thus, we review different definitions of the term “hate speech” from social network platforms and the scientific community. We also present an overview of the methodologies used for hate speech detection, and we describe the main approaches currently explored in this context, including popular features, datasets, and algorithms. Furthermore, we discuss some challenges and opportunities for better solving this issue.
Psychometric Properties and Validation of the Korean Version of Stress Mindset Measure
Authors: Seong Hyunmo , Lee Sangeun , Lee Taerim , Jang Gi-Eun , Lee Sang Min
Published: June 2023

The factor structure of the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM), an 8-item questionnaire, has been explored in several countries, showing inconsistent results. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the SMM with a Korean sample. A total of 912 participants completed the online survey (women = 59.3%) at T1, and a random subsample selected from T1 sample ( n = 259, women = 62.9%) participated in the survey again at T2. At both time points, the results of confirmatory factor analyses supported a three-factor hierarchical model with three lower-order factors (i.e., learning and growth, performance and productivity, and health and vitality) and one higher-order general factor with correlated errors among three negatively worded items. In the model, 2 items measuring the “general” domain were deleted based on high correlations with the higher-order factor. Longitudinal factor analysis revealed that the revised factor structure and loadings were invariant over 6-month period. Theoretical validity was supported through significant correlations between the total score of the 6-item SMM and other stress-related measures. Overall, our results indicate that the Korean version of the SMM is a valid instrument and suggest using a total score of 6 items.
Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Profitability of Dry Season OKRA Production in Nigeria
Authors: Ayeni Matthew Durojaiye , Aremu Charity , Olufemi Adekunle Adedayo
Published: June 2023

Food production in Nigeria is almost entirely rain fed despite the great potential of irrigation in Nigeria to boost agricultural productivity. The study assessed the profitability and efficiency of dry season irrigated okra farming in Adamawa State using primary data collected from 180 farmers through a simple random sampling technique. Profit efficiency and stochastic frontier function were used in analyzing the data. The result revealed that labor costs accounted for 48% of average variable cost while a farmer’s total revenue from irrigated okra produce was ₦228,642.56K ($408.2), total fixed cost and variable input cost was ₦102,440.37K ($182.93), resulting in a net farm income (NFI) of ₦126,201.63K ($225.36). The coefficients of farm size, household size, and fertilizer were positive and significant at the 1%, 10%, and 5% levels of probability, respectively, as revealed by the OLS results. Empirical estimate shows that the mean technical efficiency value of vegetable farmers was about 0.73 while Technical inefficiency coefficient of farming experience (−0.420), adjusted household size (−0.193), and extension contacts (−0.162) are variables that increased technical efficiency. Lack of access to water, high cost of equipment, and inadequate finance were identified as lead constraints of the okra farmers. Therefore, recommendations by the study are that farmers be encouraged to establish cooperative organizations so that they can pool their resources to create an irrigation system that is affordable. Also, sustainability of small scale irrigation scheme should be promoted by the government through skill enhanced trainings.
Environmental intervention in a university canteen with focus on decision guidance: An evaluation study regarding food consumption, nutrient intake, perception, and satisfaction by canteen users
Authors: Schneider Melanie , Nössler Carolin , Carlsohn Anja , Lührmann Petra Maria
Published: June 2023

Background:

An environmental intervention with focus on Decision Guidance was implemented in a university canteen. It comprised the offer of a health promoting food option (HPFO), including a health promoting lunch option and health promoting snacks.

Design and methods:

Possible changes of food consumption and nutrient intake of student canteen users (substudy A), perception of the HPFO by canteen users (substudy B.1), and possible changes of their satisfaction regarding the canteen (substudy B.2) at least 10 weeks after the start of the intervention were examined. Substudy A used a controlled pretest-posttest-design (paired sample). The students were assigned to intervention group (canteen visits ≥ once/week, n = 27) or control group (canteen visits < once/week, n = 39). Substudy B.1 used a cross-sectional design, and substudy B.2 a pretest-posttest-design (paired sample). Only canteen users (≥once/week) were included (substudy B.1 n = 89, substudy B.2 n = 30).

Results:

Food consumption and nutrient intake did not change ( p > 0.05) in the intervention group versus control group (substudy A). In substudy B.1 canteen users were aware of the HPFO, appreciated it highly, and were satisfied with it. In substudy B.2 canteen users were at posttest more satisfied regarding service and health value of offered lunches ( p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Although the HPFO was positively percepted, no effects on the daily diet were observed. The offered proportion of the HPFO should be increased.
“American Tales of Heroes and Villains”: Donald Trump’s Framing of Latinos During COVID-19 Times
Authors: Viladrich Anahí
Published: June 2023

Based on a qualitative analysis of Donald Trump’s speeches and public documents from 2020, this article examines the role of xenophobia in constructing oppositional divisions within Latino groups in the United States. Rather than pitting minority ethnic/racial groups against the White majority, xenophobia frames unauthorized populations against legal, albeit subordinated, ones. Five main Latino categories are identified in this study. First, the “illegal immigrant” is portrayed as the criminal border crosser that targets other Latinos—the latter embodied by the “Hispanic victim.” Next, is the “Hispanic border patrol” agent who safeguards the United States by actively detaining and expelling undocumented immigrants. Third, the “Hispanic supporter” is welcomed into the American Dream by ascribing to meritocratic values of hard work and family values. A final actor is represented by foreign allies (e.g., Mexico’s President) who crack down their own citizens to protect the United States border. Furthermore, this article discusses Trump’s xenophobic camouflage of race (and racism) by highlighting undocumented Latinos’ alleged immoral and criminal nature rather than their physical characteristics. Concomitant to this narrative is the conditional inclusion of a subset of Hispanics into the American dream. In the conclusions, the article compares the study findings with the results of the 2020 presidential election to shed light on the growth of Trump’s Latino base. This research piece ultimately provides a contribution to our understanding of the conceptual power of xenophobia in galvanizing divergent interests within racial and ethnic minorities, in this case Latinos in the United States.