bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATTITUDES IN FRONT OF DEATH: NURSES’ VIEWS IN THE HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Cardoso Maria Filomena Passos Texeira , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva , Trindade Letícia de Lima
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between personal characteristics and the profile of attitudes towards death among nurses in a Portuguese hospital. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out in a hospital in the North of Portugal, with 981 nurses, who answered a questionnaire composed by the scale of evaluation of the Profile of Attitudes about Death. Data collection was carried out in February and March 2018 in the services, and the findings went through descriptive and analytical statistical analysis with the aid of the SPSS software. Results: the nurses revealed to have the attitudes of approach (36.29 points), fear (27.82 points), neutrality (27.25 points), avoidance (17.48 points) and escape (15.52 points) in the face of death, and these were associated with the different socio-occupational characteristics of these professionals, including gender, marital status, age, having children, type of employment relationship, professional category, specialty, time of service, and the practice or belief of some religion. Conclusion: the profile of the nurses' attitudes towards death is influenced by their socio-professional characteristics, which points to the importance of rethinking training strategies in the academic environment, in health organizations and in services, favoring the better reception of patients and family members, but also in relieving the suffering of the professionals in the face of finitude.
Hygienic-sanitary quality and effect of freezing time and temperature on total antioxidant capacity of human milk
Authors: Lopes Lilian Maria Peixoto , Chaves Jaísa Oliveira , Cunha Luciana Rodrigues da , Passos Maria Cristina , Menezes Camila Carvalho
Published: December 2020

Abstract Knowledge of the hygienic-sanitary quality of raw human milk helps to establish the best storage conditions for the preservation of its nutritional and functional components. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary quality of human milk extracted at the mothers’ homes, and to analyze the effect of freezing time and temperature on the milk’s total antioxidant capacity. Milk of five mothers was evaluated individually for Staphylococcus aureus, total aerobic mesophilic counts, mold and yeasts, total and thermotolerant coliforms. The milk pool was stored at -8 °C, -18 °C and -40 °C for 2, 4, 8 and 15 days and analyzed for the total antioxidant capacity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical and 2,2-azino 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid scavenging methods. The microbiological analyses of the raw human milk samples indicated counts of all the studied microorganisms above the safe limits. Related to the effect of freezing time and temperature on total antioxidant capacity, it was concluded that, regardless of the freezing temperature, a significant reduction occurred on total antioxidant capacity over time and that the lower the storage temperature, the greater its total antioxidant activity.
How the heat treatment affects the constituents of infant formulas: a review
Authors: Francisquini Júlia d’Almeida , Nunes Lauane , Martins Evandro , Stephani Rodrigo , Perrone Ítalo Tuler , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de
Published: December 2020

Abstract Breast milk as the children’s primary source of nutrition fulfills the babies’ needs and can also provide immune protection. In some cases, when mothers are not able to breastfeed, an equivalent substitute is required. Nowadays, the best substitutes of the human breast milk are infant formulas. Different technological routes may be designed to produce infant formulas according to the main challenges: the compromise between food safety and heat treatment damage. This article aimed to review the current scientific knowledge about how heat treatment affects the macro and micronutrients of milk, extrapolating the expected effects on infant formulas. The covered topics were: The definition and composition of infant formulas, industrial methods of infant formulas production, the effects of heat treatment on milk macro and micronutrients.
Spatial and temporal variation of the diet of the flag tetra Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Characiformes: Characidae) in streams of the Eastern Amazon
Authors: Benone Naraiana Loureiro , Lobato Cleonice Maria Cardoso , Soares Bruno Eleres , Montag Luciano Fogaça de Assis
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal variations in streams promote large fluctuations of resource availability, thus affecting the diet of fishes. We evaluated the effects of hydrological periods and stream order within periods on the diet of the flag tetra Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus. We analyzed 160 stomachs in eight streams ranging from 1st to 3rd order between dry and flood period. Sampled streams belonged to a well-preserved area in the Eastern Amazon. The flag tetra is omnivorous, with a tendency towards insectivory. During the dry period, the species exhibited a higher amount of autochthonous than allochthonous items. Fish consumed more allochthonous items in 1st and 2nd order streams in the dry period and in 1st and 3rd order streams in the flood period. These results reflect the interactions between temporal and longitudinal factors on resource availability and its influence on fish diet. This pattern is probably dependent on the extensive riparian vegetation as a direct and indirect source of food for stream fish.
Comparison of dialysis dose through real-time Kt/V by ultraviolet absorbance of spent dialysate, single-pool Daugirdas II, and Kt/BSA according to sex and age
Authors: Marrocos Mauro Sergio Martins , Castro Christine Nastri , Barbosa Wilder Araujo , Sizo Andressa Monteiro , Rodrigues Fernanda Teles , Lima Rosemary Alves de , Rodrigues Sandra Maria
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Kt/V OnLine (Kt/VOL) avoids inaccuracies associated with the estimation of urea volume distribution (V). The study aimed to compare Kt/VOL, Kt/V Daugirdas II, and Kt/BSA according to sex and age. Methods: Urea volume distribution and body surface area were obtained by Watson and Haycock formulas in 47 patients. V/BSA was considered as a conversion factor from Kt/V to Kt/BSA. Dry weight was determined before the study. Kt/VOL was obtained on DIALOG machines. Results: Pearson correlation between Kt/VOL vs Kt/VII and Kt/VOL vs Kt/BSA was significant for males (r = 0.446, P = 0.012 and r = -0.476 P = 0.007) and individuals < 65 years (0.457, P = 0.019 and -0.549 P = 0.004), but not for females and individuals ≥ 65 years. V/BSA between individuals < 65 and individuals ≥ 65 years were 18.28 ± 0.15 and 18.18 ± 0.16 P = 0.000). No agreement between Kt/VII vs Kt/BSA. Men and individuals > 65 years received a larger dialysis dose than, respectively, females and individuals < 65 years, in the comparison between Kt/VOL versus Kt/VII. V/BSA ratios among men and women were respectively 18.29 ± 0.13 and 18.12 ± 0.15 P = 0.000. Conclusions: Kt/VOL allows recognition of real-time dose regardless of sex and age.
Quem teme Lotman e Bakhtin? Duas leituras semióticas do medo
Authors: Ponce Ariel Gómez
Published: December 2020

RESUMO Busco traçar uma articulação teórica em torno de duas obras póstumas de Mikhail Bakhtin e Yuri Lotman, expoentes chave para pensar a cultura sob uma perspectiva semiótica. Nessas produções tardias, os dois pensadores expõem um interesse compartilhado em refletir como o medo se materializa, podendo-se ler em textos concretos que buscam explicar os fenômenos que estão ocorrendo no horizonte cultural. Nesse sentido, Lotman e Bakhtin estão focados em investigar a aparência regular de um conjunto de princípios e motivos que seriam sistematicamente atualizados na relação entre laços sociais e medo. Meu objetivo vai além do descritivo para delinear aparatos críticos sobre o medo na perspectiva semiótica, à luz da interpretação desses artigos que mantêm o poder heurístico e fornecem um instrumento para iniciar uma reflexão sobre esse modo cultural de sentimento.
A concepção da palavra em Mikhail Bakhtin no contexto da crítica literária contemporânea
Authors: Sventsitskaya Elina
Published: December 2020

RESUMO O artigo é dedicado a um dos problemas centrais da ciência filológica moderna - o problema da palavra artística, no entendimento do qual vemos a interseção e interação frutífera da crítica literária e da linguística. O trabalho sistematiza conceitos relevantes para o estudo moderno da palavra artística, revelando sua natureza específica, bem como define as tendências gerais que são características de cada uma das abordagens existentes (palavra como signo, palavra como significado ontológico e palavra como realidade estética separada). A autora enfoca no conceito de palavra de Mikhail Bakhtin, que supera os extremos, próprios do signo e das abordagens ontológicas, e esclarece as diferenças básicas entre as categorias de comunicação e diálogo presentes em Bakhtin. O artigo corrobora com a definição da palavra artística como uma estrutura semântica de dois vetores (os componentes: “signo” e “sujeito substancial”), na qual a comunicação-existência consiste e se desdobra.
Branquitude, discurso e representação de mulheres negras no ambiente acadêmico da UFBA
Authors: Oliveira Daniele de , Resende Viviane de Melo
Published: December 2020

RESUMO As elites simbólicas perpetuam as formas mais importantes de racismo, o que aponta a importância de nos dedicarmos à análise de como discursos racistas são construídos, com foco específico no discurso da elite branca e, neste trabalho, da branquitude soteropolitana conforme plasmada por estudantes da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Para tanto, reunimos dados, gerados na UFBA, oriundos de questionários abertos e grupo focal com estudantes de graduação. Nesta análise discursiva crítica (ADC), utilizamos recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, na qual se investigou a percepção da branquitude por discentes autodeclarados/as brancos/as da UFBA. Nossa análise sugere que a percepção do privilégio branco, mesmo quando afirmada, é permeada de ideias que podem fundamentar práticas e/ou discursos racistas, e que a representação de mulheres negras ainda é calcada em estereótipos socialmente construídos numa sociedade fortemente racista como a nossa.
Discurso relatado e posicionamentos ideológicos: a distribuição social do saber e do poder no discurso midiático
Authors: Dvoskin Gabriel
Published: December 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, analisamos as representações que foram postas em circulação sobre os atores sociais envolvidos no conflito educativo que teve lugar na Cidade de Buenos Aires, em setembro de 2017. Para isso, questionamos os posicionamentos manifestados nos principais jornais argentinos, La Nación e Página/12. Partimos da ideia de que o discurso relatado constitui um mecanismo discursivo a partir do qual os jornais configuram o marco ideológico no qual se inscrevem a partir das problemáticas que abordam, resultando em um espaço privilegiado de acesso a seus posicionamentos sobre esses temas. Dessa maneira, propomos fornecer ferramentas para analisar o discurso relatado como um mecanismo que regula as possíveis interpretações de um texto através da hierarquia e legitimação de diferentes vozes e posições que ele incorpora.
As relações dialógicas e os discursos envolventes sobre a condição histórico-social de uma mulher amante
Authors: Moreira Júnior Rusanil dos Santos , Maior Rita de Cássia Souto
Published: December 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, objetivamos compreender os discursos que compõem a condição histórico-social de uma amante. Para isso, procuramos refletir sobre o modo como uma mulher em uma relação extraconjugal constrói ético-discursivamente a visão da sociedade a respeito da sua condição amorosa. Inseridos no campo de estudos da Linguística Aplicada, buscamos interpretar a historicidade dos atos discursivos e a repercussão desses atos na representação das subjetividades, por meio da análise dos discursos envolventes ali presentificados. Em vista disso, consideramos os estudos sobre as relações dialógicas do discurso e a compreensão responsiva ativa do chamado Círculo de Bakhtin. Os resultados apontam para um discurso que resgata a noção de mulher amante subserviente, dependente, culpada e destruidora de lares. Apesar dessas conotações, a entrevistada demonstra um relevante grau de responsividade ativa ao renomear e, consequentemente, ressignificar a sua condição amorosa.
How to reduce carbon dioxide emissions on infrastructure projects in the Middle East
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed H , Deab Mohamed Al
Published: December 2020

A systematic approach is proposed for civil engineers in the Middle East to minimise the impact of their infrastructure projects on climate change. Based on value engineering principles and a carbon dioxide emissions calculator, the approach was applied to three case studies: temporary retaining walls for a deep tunnel; reuse of site-won material from an open-cut tunnel; and design of piled raft foundations. The results showed the approach was effective in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and could be beneficially adopted on future earthworks projects in the Middle East.
Microstructural characterization of aluminum 6063 alloy nanocomposites
Authors: Satyanarayana K R , Surendra Babu B , Ramesh Chandra B , Nagendrababu Mahapatruni , Swami Naidu G
Published: December 2020

Microstructural characterization of aluminum (Al) 6063 nanocomposites plays a vital role in the field of materials engineering. Many of the earlier research studies showed that the evolution of aluminum 6063 stabilized the application in various fields of engineering and sciences. The present research focused on probing aluminum 6063 nanocomposites using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy photogrammetry (SEM). Compositions of aluminum 6063 and aluminum 6063 with 0.5 wt% γ-aluminum oxide (γ-Al2O3), 1 wt% γ-aluminum oxide, 2 wt% γ-aluminum oxide and 3 wt% γ-aluminum oxide were prepared and investigated for microstructural characterization. In XRD, SEM and TEM, the nanopowder particles form apparently bonds and their crystallographic structures were identified. Instead of chemical reactions, nanoparticles implicated the improvements in higher fracture toughness and shown in SEM fractograph of aluminum 6063 + 2 wt% γ-aluminum oxide than other compositions. In the SEM fractograph of aluminum 6063 + 3 wt% γ-aluminum oxide, the nanoparticles were widely spread and showed higher fracture toughness.
Mass movement risk in a Portuguese municipality: Tabuaço case study
Authors: Rodrigues André , Reis Johnny , Pinto Filipe , Lucas Davi
Published: December 2020

In the past century, Portugal was affected by several natural disasters, such as mass movements, which often caused high levels of destruction. However, data on past events related to mass movements were scattered. Mass movements are one of the most relevant geomorphological hazards in Portugal, by the high levels of people affected, destruction of assets and disruption of economic and social activities. The main objective of this study was to identify the risk of mass movements in the municipality of Tabuaço, integrated in an important Oporto wine production area, the Douro Wine Region, using geographic information systems. The results show the main areas susceptible to this type of risk, according to a realistic and practical methodology resulting from a deep knowledge of the terrain. This study can prove to be a powerful tool for adaptation and mitigation by civil protection authorities and for the creation of new policies for municipal and spatial planning, to support decision makers.
Evaluation of conventional cytogenetic, molecular cytogenetics and molecular genetics results in hematological malignances
Authors: KOŞAR Pınar , TEPEBAŞI Muhammet Yusuf , ALANOĞLU Emine Güçhan
Published: December 2020

Objective: Hematological malignancies are neoplasms of bone marrow-derived cells. Recent studies show that most of these malignancies contain numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities. These specific gene-level changes are crucial at diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of these diseases. Our study aims to investigate some of these genetic changes and their effect on the etiology and prognosis of hematological malignancies.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 110 patients who were admitted to the Department of Hematology of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine with a pre-diagnosis or diagnosis of Hematologic Malignancy were included. Three different analyses applied to the cultured bone marrow tissue samples of seven groups of hematology patients who suffered from Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CLL), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), Chronic Myeloproliferative Disease (CMPD), Malignant Plasma Cell Neoplasm (MPCN) and Lymphoma diseases.Numerical and structural chromosomal changes were examined by cytogenetic chromosome analysis and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) methods and JAK-2 V617F mutation was analyzed by Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR).
Results: Some mutations were found important in particular diseases such as t(9;22) mutation for CML, t(15;17) for AML; del(5q) and del(7q) for MDS; del(13q14) and del(17p13) mutations for lymphoma, CLL and MPCN. JAK-2 V617F mutations were found effective on CMPD disease subgroups at rates changing from 43% up to 92% according to the RT-PCR results.
Conclusion: As a result of our findings, we think that examining patients with hematologic malignancies in their mutations, in addition to the routinely studied existing genetic analyzes, will contribute to the evaluation of the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.
A probabilistic evaluation of the argument of correction in affirmative action
Authors:   Department of Economics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Hazarika Ishan Kashyap
Published: December 2020

Objective: The issue of affirmative action is a major point of discussion in distributive justice and allocation of scarce resources such as job-offerings or college seats. Philosophical arguments around this focus on diversity, historical justice and correction. The objective of this study is to examine the argument of correction in relation to affirmative action, which states that affirmative action helps correct biases in metrics used to measure merit. Method: We develop of a stochastic formulation of the argument of correction and analyse it using a probability-theory approach. Result: We find with the help of two counterexamples that the argument of correction is not generally valid, when we admit the stochastic nature of the problem. Conclusion: Though the argument of correction may be valid in some special cases, its general lack of validity presents a major challenge to this dominant argument widely used in the literature. Keywords: Affirmative action; distributive Justice; allocation of resources
A methodology for gathering and annotating the raw-data/characteristics of the documents citing a retracted article v1
Authors: Heibi Ivan , Peroni Silvio
Published: December 2020

Giving a retracted article, we present a step-by-step methodology for gathering the raw-data of the documents which have cited such article (starting from the date of its publication) and annotating the metadata and features for such citing entities. The external services used for our purpose are all free and open. The methodology uses three external services: (a) OpenCitations COCI (http://opencitations.net/index/coci, used to retrieve citation data), (b) RetractionWatch database (http://retractiondatabase.org, used to retrieve information of retracted articles), and (c) SCImago (https://www.scimagojr.com/, to retrieve subject areas and subject categories of publications). The methodology is divided into five steps: (1) identifying and retrieving the citing entities, (2) retrieving the citing entities characteristics, (3) classifying the citing entities according to subject areas and subject categories, (4) extracting textual values from the citing entities, and (5) annotating the in-text citations characteristics. The application of this methodology produces a dataset containing all the citing entities and their annotated data/features. Starting from an empty dataset, each step of the methodology (from 1 to 5) enriches it with new variables.
Advancements and Critical Steps for Statistical Analyses in Blood Pressure Response to Resistance Training in Hypertensive Older Women: A Methodological Approach v1
Authors: Cunha Nascimento Dahan
Published: December 2020

This document represents a supplemental appendix material for a better understanding of preprocessing steps of all statistical analysis used in the study "Advancements and Critical Steps for Statistical Analyses in Blood Pressure Response to Resistance Training in Hypertensive Older Women: A Methodological Approach".
Single cell CUT and Tag on 10x genomics platform v1
Authors: Bartosovic Marek
Published: December 2020

scCU&Tag on 10x platform uses scCUT&Tag protocol from Steven Henikoff's lab (Kaya-Okur et al., 2019), and scATAC-seq chromium platform (10x Genomics) to perform single-cell barcoding. The method can be used to obtain high quality data for tens of thousands of single cells with high specificity. See also accompanying BiorXiv preprint https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.02.279703v1 for more details. scCUT&Tag can be performed on cell lines or freshly isolated cells from primary tissue.
Transmission of Acute Respiratory Infections in a City: Agent-Based Approach
Authors: Vlad A.I. , Sannikova T.E. , Romanyukha A.A.
Published: December 2020

An incidence curve of acute respiratory infections in Moscow has three picks between September and April and reaches its maximum in January- February. The emergence of new strains of influenza A could account for only one pick a year. The most cases of common cold are caused by ubiquitous low pathogenic viruses. In order to simulate weekly fluctuation of incidence rate of acute respiratory illnesses we developed an agent-based model. It contains 10 millions agents with such attributes as sex, age, social status, levels of specific immune memory and lists of contacts. Each agent can contact with members of its household, colleagues or classmates. Through such contacts susceptible agent can be infected with one of seven circulating respiratory viruses. Viruses differ in their immunologic properties and assume to present influenza A virus, influenza B virus, parainfluenza, adenovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. The rate of transmission depends on duration of contact, vulnerability of susceptible agent, infectivity of infected agent and air temperature. Proposed network of social interactions proved to be sufficiently detailed as it provided good fitting for observed incidence rate including periods of school holidays and winter public holidays. Additionally, the estimates of basic reproductive rate for the viruses confirm that all these viruses except new strains of influenza A are relatively harmless and unable to cause significant growth of acute respiratory infections morbidity.
Torque at elastic-plastic torsion of sheet-straightening machines’ steel shafts
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” (Moscow, Russia), Shinkin V. N.
Published: December 2020

The experiments on the torsion of the steel shaft were conducted on the machine Instron 55MT2 with a maximum torque of 220 N×m and a mass of 2500 N. The ends of the shaft clamped with collet-chucks. For the torsion we used the round cylindrical samples from a low-carbon steel with the Young’s modulus of 2×1011 Pa, the shear modulus of 7.752×1010 Pa, the Poisson’s ratio of 0.29, the yield strength of 524 MPa, the yield strength at shift of 302 MPa, the ultimate shear stress of 352 MPa, the ultimate shift of 0.18 and the plastic module at shift of 740 MPa. The torsion of the steel shafts and thick-walled pipes is widely used in the metallurgy, mechanical engineering and oilgas industry. For example, the shafts’ torsion is observed in the drive mechanisms of the sheet-straightening machines for the thin and thick steel sheets, in the rolling mills for the cold and hot steel sheets, in the drives of the rear wheels of motor transport, in the land and sea gas-oil drilling platforms and so on. Under the significant torque, the steel shafts can experience not only elastic, but also plastic deformation without the destruction. The experimental dependence of the shaft torque on the twisting angle gives researchers much more information about the mechanical properties of steel than the analogous experiments on the rupture of the steel shafts, since there is no neck formation during the torsion and the steel shaft does not collapse even at the very large twisting angles. The classical Ludwik’s and Nadai’s approximations for shear do not sufficiently accurately describe the shear deformation and are, therefore, not sufficiently effective for calculating the shaft torque. Therefore, the more accurate the straight and back Shinkin’s approximations are used below to describe the shear deformation. A special feature of calculating the dependence of the shaft torque on the shear angle is that the torque is calculated approximately as a power series, since the corresponding integrals are transcendental (cannot be calculated analytically). At the same time, the relative accuracy of the torque calculation is very high (about 10-6 %).
The role of the Project Management discipline in project training when teaching bachelors-metallurgists within the CDIO ideology
Authors:   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk, Russia), Gilmanshina T. R. , Dubova I. V. ,   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk, Russia), Sanacheva G. S. ,   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk, Russia), Vasyunina N. V. ,   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk, Russia)
Published: December 2020

Engineering education plays a key role in the modern economy, the development trends of which make it possible to develop requirements for the education of future metallurgical engineers and imply a reorientation to project-based training. The project approach in the training of engineers is the basis for educational programs implemented according to the CDIO (Conceive - Design - Implement - Operate) ideology. The key result of the training is the design and implementation competence of future metallurgical engineers, which is formed through design activities aimed at developing the ability to Concieve, Design, implementation, including the management (Implement) and application (Operate) of projects of various levels of complexity. At the same time, the stage of conception includes the initiation and planning of the project, and the stage of application - the completion and distribution of it. The cognitive component of design and implementation competence can be provided by the introduction of the Project Management discipline into the curriculum of bachelors. This paper analyzes the role of this discipline in the development of design and implementation competence in the education of bachelors in the Metallurgy field within the CDIO ideology with an innovative approach to its design. It is shown that the inclusion of the Project Management discipline in the curriculum of the bachelor’s degree in the Metallurgy field and its implementation in the design technology contribute to the development of design and implementation competence of bachelors according to the principles of the CDIO ideology. The implementation of the discipline in project technology meets the requirements of standards 8 (active learning), 7 (integrated learning), 5 (project learning) and allows to develop design and implementation, as well as disciplinary and interpersonal competencies. The results of the work have demonstrated the effectiveness of the project-based teaching technology, in which each participant in the educational process receives benefits that increase his competitiveness.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ENSURING A STATE CYBER DEFENSE
Authors: Danуk Y. , Vdovenko S.
Published: December 2020

The growing role and importance of solving the problems of cybersecurity and cyber defense is due to the innovative development of information, electronic and cyber technologies, which are the driving force behind a number of trends in military affairs. Due to the formation and recognition of the artificial fifth space - cyberspace, as a separate area of struggle between states, including armed confrontation, issues of cybersecurity and cyber defense have become urgent in ensuring national security and defense of developed states, which pay special attention to the formation and development of cybersecurity and cyber defense systems as the main factor achievements of military-strategic superiority in ensuring national security and defense in modern variables and future conditions. The article analyzes the general principles of building cybersecurity and cyber defense systems of the advanced states of the world in the context of the possibility and expediency of introducing their experience in Ukraine; analysis of the conditions, current status and problematic issues of the formation of cybersecurity and cyber defense systems in Ukraine. In particular: the lack of basic theoretical and applied provisions for the formation of a cyber defense system; lack of a national military command and control agency in the field of cyber defense; the dispersed efforts of various military organizational structures in solving cybersecurity problems and the lack of formulated cyber defense tasks. The most rational option of creating systems and structures of cybersecurity and cyber defense of Ukraine with subsystems of education and science is proposed, which, in accordance with modern development trends, taking into account the military-political situation, national interests and legislation, will provide informational, cybernetic and cognitive superiority over the enemy and will contribute to the practical implementation of the concept of “smart defense” adopted in NATO countries.
SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AND VICTIM BEHAVIOR OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: Chuiko О. , Klibais Т.
Published: December 2020

The basic approaches to the interpretation of adaptability, adaptive potential, victim behavior and mechanisms of its development are analyzed. The concept of "adaptive capabilities" is formulated. The peculiarities of the violation of the adaptive processes that lead to the formation of victim behavior are outlined.

The article presents an analysis of the research conducted among first- and fifth-year students with the aim of establishing the relationship between adaptive capabilities and types of victim behavior. The study involved 90 students. According to the results of the empirical study, it can be argued that there is a direct correlation between students' adaptive capacities and victimization, the higher the victim behavior index, the lower the level of adaptive capacities. In particular, the greatest number of direct relationships is observed between dependent victim behavior, maladaptation, aversion to self and others; feedback – with mental and mental resilience and personal adaptive potential. With the implemented victimization, there is also a decrease in neuro-psychic stability and aversion of others, which is explained by the action of protective mechanisms and the consequences of psychological trauma. The rejection of others is also characteristic of students with aggressive victim behavior, and on the contrary, they do not accept self-harming persons. Students with hypersocial victim behavior feel emotional comfort as this behavior is approved by the community.
ENSURING THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MENTORING PROCESS FOR ORPHANS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Guk О. , Udovenko J.
Published: December 2020

The article describes the concept of "mentoring", "mentor", the purpose and objectives of "mentoring" in accordance with current legislation of Ukraine. The importance of mentoring for socialization and preparation for independent orphans' and children living who are deprived from parental care and live in boarding schools is outlined. This activity is new for Ukraine, so it needs justification.

Based on the results of theoretical analysis and practical study of the mentoring needs of children who live in the institution, we described the organization of the mentoring process, which includes training orphans and children deprived of parental care to participate in the mentoring program and work with citizens who have identified desire to become mentors.

Research methods: methods of theoretical analysis, generalization and modeling; analysis of documents (assessment of the child's needs, mentor's individual work plan).

The study to ensure the organization of the mentoring process in accordance with the direction of training orphans and children deprived of parental care, provides for such stages of socio-psychological work as acquaintance with staff, establishing contact with children, assessing the needs of children and their social environment, planning socio-psychological work.

And in accordance with the direction of work with citizens who have expressed a desire to become mentors, such stages as conducting an information campaign to involve the community in mentoring, first contact with citizens by phone, information meeting with citizens who have expressed a desire to become mentors, the first psychological consultation, visit to the family of specialists of the program, training "Preparation of mentors for orphans and children deprived of parental care", repeated psychological consultation, conclusion of socio-psychological readiness of citizens to be mentors, mutual selection of children and candidates for mentors, social and psychological support and mentor.

Ensuring the organization of the mentoring process for orphans and children who are deprived from parental care will serve to increase the individual's ability to navigate flexibility in social conditions and effectively interact with the social environment, promote socialization and social integration.
INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING THE PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HELP PROVIDERS: RAPID LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Akmane Elīna , Mārtinsone Kristīne , Krieķe Zane
Published: December 2020

The concept of professional identity is widely described, indicating that it is dynamic and variable, as it simultaneously includes the development and formation of professional identity in the dimensions of time and content. Professional identity manifests in various forms and it is measured by a variety of measurement tools.Objective: to define what measurement tools are used to determine the professional identity of psychological help providers and to investigate the content of professional identity. Method: a rapid literature review. A comprehensive search of scientific databases Access Medicine, Clinical Key, EBSCO e-books, Proquest Ebook Central, BMJ Journals, EBSCO host, ProQuest, SAGE journals, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, DynaMed Plus and Cochrane Library was conducted in March, 2020 by two independent researchers therefore assuring data triangulation. Database research included the keywords “professional identity”, “scale”, “measure”, with the Boolean operator “AND” adding professions: “art therapist”, “dance and movement therapist”, “drama therapist”, “music therapist”, “psychologist”, “psychiatrist”, “psychotherapist”, “nurse”, “social worker”, and additional selection criteria - cross-sectional design studies about the measure of professional identity of different groups of psychological help providers and students, between 2009 and 2019, with full English text available. Data analysis method was narrative synthesis, which consists of three sequential steps: description of studies in logical categories, analysis of data from each of the derived categories, and synthesized conclusions for all included studies. 366 studies were identified of which 21 were included in the study.Results: as a result, 15 categories including 50 content items were identified as the measurement aspects of professional identity.
PALEOECOLOGICAL habitat conditions OF THE NEOLITHIC AND BRONZE AGE TRIBES IN THE SANDS OF THE VOLGA-URAL INTERFLUVE
Authors: Ivanov Igor Vasilyevich
Published: December 2020

Paleoecological conditions were reconstructed according to ancient soils, sediments, palynology and paleozoology. The nature of middle and late Neolithic Age roughly corresponded of modern semi-desert conditions, Eneolithic Age - more humid conditions of dry steppes. The development of landscapes and society in Ryn-Sands throughout the Holocene was broken-deflationary, repeatedly interrupted by periods of crises of aridization of the climate with active Eolian processes.
ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETERS OF RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: Anisimov Dmitry Alexandrovich , Goncharov Lyudmila Nikitichna , Dyachkova Anna Albertovna
Published: December 2020

Respiratory failure (NAM)-a pathological condition in which there is provided the maintenance of normal blood gas or it is achieved through more intensive operation of external respiration and heart, resulting in decreased functional capacity of the organism [1,2]. The main method of diagnosis of DN is the study of the gas composition of the arterial blood, but because of the complexity of the analysis, which involves complex invasive techniques for obtaining arterial blood by puncture of a major artery in the therapeutic Department is not carried out [1,3]. A plurality of classifications days, the lack of clear criteria for diagnosis was to analyze assessment days by a combination of clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods patient days. As a model of acute respiratory failure were selected from patients with mild intermittent and persistent severity of asthma, which bore a slight aggravation, burdened days 1 severity, number of 30 people. SatO2 blood was the criterion for assessing the severity of DN. In the evaluation of clinical parameters, such as shortness of breath and respiratory rate, it was revealed that the values of these parameters increase is inversely proportional to the drop SatO2 blood. In assessing such clinical parameters as the rate of breathing and instrumental measure FEV1 did not find such dependence. Thus, to assess the severity of DN in patients with bronchial asthma it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the clinical and instrumental methods.
BIOLOGY OF ARTEMISIA SANTONICA L. ON THE NORTHERN BORDER OF THE AREA
Authors: Vyal Yulia Alexandrovna , Mazey Natalia Grigorjevna , Novikova Lubov Alexandrovna , Mironova Anna Andreevna
Published: December 2020

Peculiarities of ontogenesis and phytosociology of rare plant of Penza region Artemisia santonica Самарский научный вестник. 2015. № 2(11) 57 Ю.А. Вяль, Н.Г. Мазей, Л.А. Новикова, А.А. Миронова БИОЛОГИЯ ARTEMISIA SANTONICA L. НА СЕВЕРНОЙ ГРАНИЦЕ ... L. (family Asteraceae) on Northern border of area in saline conditions under strong anthropogenic load is studied. Ability of Artemisia santonica to exist at the border area on saline soils in plant association of grassy and halophilic steppe, acting as dominant and codominant is established. Artemisia santonica is able to carry out life cycle and to hold territory because vegetative reproduction, which promotes deep rejuvenation affiliated plants (immature age status). Age status and as well as biometric characteristics of vegetative specimens are described (three age period-virgin, generative, postgeneration; six age status immature-1, immature-2, virgin, generative subsenile); schematic graphical image of morphological features of Artemisia santonica is depicted. Structure of the generative shoot is clarified. Possibility of variability of structure of the generative shoots is identified. Weak morphological differentiation of generative individuals on young, mature and old is identified. Signs of normal and senile particulate are not found. Possibilities of adaptation of Artemisia santonica at level of ontogenesis are discussed.
THE ADDITION TO THE LIST OF SARATOV REGION RARE PLANTS SPECIES
Authors: Davidenko Olga Nikolaevna , Nevskiy Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

In the article the new data about spreading of 10 rare plants species in Saratov region recommended to the inclusion in the third edition red book of Saratov region are performed. The information about habitat and population con - dition is considered. All research carried out by standard methods of phytocoenologyi and gidrobotany. The data extend the idea of the distribution on the territory of the Saratov region some rare plants species (Halocnemum strobilaceum, Ceratophyllum tanaiticum, Ceratophyllum submersum, Suaeda salsa, Batrachium rionii, Elatine alsinastrum, Aegilops cylindrica) and contribute to improved knowledge of regional floristic richness. The information about three new plants species (Silene cretacea, Hymenolobus procumbens, and Camphorosma lessingii) is provides. All new data entered in the electronic database The status of the populations of rare plants species of Saratov region, Reservoir vegetation of Saratov Zavolzhje and Vegetation cover of Saratov nature monuments. Three territories recommended to the conserva - tion status of natural monuments. Laid the foundations for the monitoring data of cenopopulation rare species that will be used in the conduct of the Red Book of the Saratov region, and estimating the dynamics of vegetation of natural monuments and areas recommended for protection.
ASSOCIATION OF POLYMORPHISM CMA 1/B (G1903A) WITH THE INDEX OXYGEN TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE BODY IN YOUNG MEN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF MOTOR ACTIVITY
Authors: Dautova Albina Zufarovna , Shamratova Valentina Gusmanovna
Published: December 2020

In the study, we investigated the association of polymorphic locus CMA 1/B (G1903A) with indicators of oxygen transport system of the body. To determine the nucleotide substitutions in the gene CMA1/B, we used RFLP- analysis, PCR products were digested with the restriction enzyme BstXI. Analysis of the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes CMA1/B showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of polymorphic variants of genotypes between athletes and controls. Athletes have predominant genotype A/A (0,52), and G/G (0,4), whereas in the control group, the most common genotype A/G (0,58). Using factor analysis, we revealed differences in the structure of the association between indicators of oxygen transport system depending on the genotype of the gene CMA. It was revealed the association of polymorphic gene variants with red blood parameters, hemodynamic and respiratory systems, as well as with physical endurance and tolerance to the muscular load. The closest connection between the studied traits detected at polymorphic variants CMA A/A. At this genotype physical endurance largely depends on the state of the circulatory system and the respiratory system functional reserves. It was also shown the correlation between adaptive capabilities of cardiovascular system and efficiency of the heart functioning with the level of motor activity. The interaction complex of the features that characterize the activities of the cardiorespiratory system, system, causes the formation of the final phenotype, which obviously explains the detected frequency distribution of different genotypes in athletes.
FLORA OF THE NATURAL MONUMENT “NICOLSKAYA SOPKA” IN PETROPAVLOVVSK-KAMCHATSKY
Authors: Devyatova Elizaveta Alexandrovna , Vyunova Anastasiy Alexandrovna , Abramova Larisa Mikhailovna
Published: December 2020

This paper reports the results of studying flora of the natural monument Nicolskaya sopka. The vascular flora is represented by 149 species belonging to 110 genus and 42 families, adventive component is 26.17%. Nicolskaya sopka is the complex, natural and historical monument of regional value including the Nikolskaya hill and the Signalnyi cape with a total area of 25,5 hectares. The natural complex of a monument is protected since 1980. The flora of vascular plants is presented by 149 species relating to 110 genus and 42 families, the adventive component makes 26,17%. The highest position in a range of the leading families of flora of the Nikolskay hill is held by Asteraceae and Poaceae. The prevailing vital form is herbaceous perennial polycarpic, hemicryptophytes. The prevailing group in relation to light are heliophytes (53,69%), sciophytes are 5,36%. Umbraticolous plants make 40,93% of flora. In relation to extent of moistening the prevailing group are mesophytes (87,25%). The boreal component of the studied flora is presented by 105 species (70,47%). The most part of polyzonal species are adventive. Of longitude groups most represented are Eurasian (19.46%), Circumpolar (16.78%), Far East (16.11%) and Eurasian-American (14.09%). Adventive species are represented mainly Eurasian elements. Set of the leading families, prevalence of mesophytic ecotypes and boreal habitat type show boreal character of flora, which corresponds to the zonal position of the city. The state of the natural complex of the park requires monitoring because of active recreational use of the territory.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FLORA IN SAMARA ZAVOLZHIE NEPOTISTIC SPECTRUM
Authors: Ivanova Anastasiy Viktorovna , Kostina Natalia Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

It is known that the flora reacts on changing of composition climatic factors. Changing the composition of the head of the nepotistic spectrum, which is determined by the type of flora (first triada). Samara Region is located in Fab-zone, which in the territory of the Volga basin covers Saratov, Samara, Ulyanovsk region and the Republic of Tatarstan. In the north-western part of the Volga basin it gradually becomes Ros-zone. Changes in the composition of flora has discrete-continuous in nature. Flora in different parts of Fab-zone has its own characteristics, which is reflected in the taxonomic parameters. Most of the Samara Region is located in Zavolzhie, which forms the border of natural zones: forest-steppe and steppe. The natural conditions of these territories have their differences, and, therefore, differ in the parameters flora. The article reveals differences in the taxonomic structure of the flora of the steppe and forest-steppe part of the Samara region. These differences manifest themselves in different share of participation Fabaceae and Rosaceae. In the steppes of Samara Zavolzhja weakened the role of the family Rosaceae and enhanced Chenopodiaceae. Taxonomic analysis shows that the composition of the leading families first triad of the spectrum depends on the number of species in the description. The more species, the greater the likelihood that established triad leading families, corresponding to the zone. If the number of species in the description 500, then the leading triads stabilized.