bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Placer y sufrimiento en el desarrollo del trabajo de grado: estudio de caso en estudiantes de pregrado de Medellín (Colombia)
Authors: Gañan-Moreno Anderson , Soto-Hincapie Emmanuel , Pérez-Cortes Lina María , Orejuela-Gómez Johnny Javier , Moreno-Cabezas Sandra Catalina
Published: July 2021

Se describieron las vivencias de placer y sufrimiento en el desarrollo del trabajo de grado o tesis en estudiantes de pregrado de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Para este fin, se tienen en cuenta los conceptos de placer y sufrimiento, como también las causas y síntomas de estos dos conceptos. Por último, se referenciaron las estrategias de defensa que utilizan los estudiantes ante el sufrimiento experimentado por el desarrollo del trabajo de grado. El enfoque de investigación fue cualitativo, a partir de un estudio de caso. Como técnica se seleccionó la entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a seis estudiantes universitarios, las mismas fueron transcritas y analizadas bajo la técnica de análisis del discurso. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes universitarios sufren por diversas causas al realizar su trabajo de grado, entre ellas se evidencia la sobreinformación a la que se ven sometidos y la disminución de los espacios destinados al ocio. Por otro lado, las causas de placer son el reconocimiento por el trabajo bien hecho y la solidaridad entre compañeros. Las causas desencadenan en síntomas como el estrés y la ansiedad. Para evitar la patologización de los síntomas, los estudiantes utilizan estrategias de defensa como la visualización de memes, la creación de grupos de WhatsApp y el ejercicio físico.
Több változó, több elutasítás?
Authors: Takács Judit , Swart Gregory Alexander
Published: July 2021

Tanulmányunkban a leszbikusokkal és a melegekkel kapcsolatos társadalmi attitűdöket vizsgáljuk a European Social Survey (ESS) 8. és 9. hullámában felvett adatok felhasználásával, különös tekintettel a „Hagyni kell, hogy a meleg férfiak és a leszbikus nők szabadon éljék az életüket”(B34); a „Szégyellném, ha a közeli rokonaim között volna meleg férfi vagy leszbikus nő”(B35); és „A meleg férfipárokat és a leszbikus női párokat a gyermekek örökbefogadása terén a heteroszexuális párokéval megegyező jogoknak kellene megilletnie”(B36) változókra. A B34 egy ESS alapváltozó, amely 2002 óta mind a kilenc ESS adatfelvételi hullámban szerepelt, a másik két kérdés azonban csak a 8. hullámtól került az alapváltozók közé. Korábban több kritika érte az ESS-t a csupán egy általános elfogadást mérő változó (B34) szerepeltetése miatt, amivel kapcsolatban felmerült, hogy – főként a társadalmi befogadással jobban jellemezhető európai társadalmakban – már nem tudja elég jól mérni a „modern homonegativitás” nehezebben tetten érhető megnyilvánulásait. Célunk, hogy a leszbikus nők és a meleg férfiak társadalmi elfogadottságát vizsgáló európai szakirodalomhoz járuljunk hozzá azáltal, hogy mindhárom változó működését összehasonlítjuk a korábbi empirikus elemzésekben is használt társadalmi-demográfiai háttérváltozók (nem, életkor, lakhely, iskolai végzettség, vallásosság stb.) tükrében. Emellett szeretnénk arra is rávilágítani, hogy milyen összefüggés lehet az azonos nemű párok általi közös örökbefogadás intézményesítettsége, valamint a leszbikus nők és a meleg férfiak társadalmi elfogadottsága között az általunk vizsgált 20 európai országban. Elemzésünk leíró statisztikákra és lineáris regressziós modellekre épül.
Hátránykompenzáció az iskolán kívül? : Az extrakurrikuláris intézmények szerepe és megítélése a tanulmányi eredményesség és előmenetel szempontjából
Authors: Kiss Márta , Vastagh Zoltán
Published: July 2021

Tanulmányunkban arra vállalkozunk, hogy feltérképezzük és összehasonlítsuk a legelterjedtebb iskolán kívüli (extrakurrikuláris) hátránykompenzációs intézmények – a tanodák és közösségi házak – működését és tevékenységeit, valamint megvizsgáljuk, hogyan értékelik ezeket a szociális és fejlesztő szakemberek, továbbá elemezzük, hogy mi a szerepe ezen intézményeknek és eszközöknek a hátrányos helyzetű gyerekek iskolai sikerességének, illetve hosszabb távú társadalmi integrációjának elősegítésében. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy a hátránykompenzációban aktívan résztvevő szociális és fejlesztő szakemberek szerint az iskolai sikerességet leginkább a diákok motiválása, illetve a szülői kompetenciák és készségek növelése segítheti elő. Emellett még több olyan tényezőt is pozitívan értékeltek a szakemberek (például a társas és érzelmi kompetenciák fejlesztése), amelyekre az iskolák hagyományosan nem képesek megfelelően fókuszálni, ugyanakkor az extrakurrikuláris hátránykompenzáló intézmények gyakran alkalmazott eszközei közé tartoznak. A kutatás során ugyanakkor az is kiderült, hogy az intézmények közötti együttműködés gyenge, pedig a hátránykompenzáció sikeressége nagyban függ a feladat- és erőforrásmegosztás hatékonyságától.
Serum testosterone levels and clinical signs of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Iranparvar Manouchehr , Amani Firouz , Naghizadeh Md. Javad
Published: July 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease that its association with low level of testosterone has already been shown in many studies. Considering the role of testosterone hormone in impotency, fatigue, and bone mass deficiency this study aimed to evaluate the total and free testosterone levels and clinical signs of hypogonadism in male patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: In this descriptive-cross sectional study, sixty-five diabetic male patients aged 35-70 years were randomly selected and enrolled to the study. The necessary information such as patient demographics, BMI, past medical history, drug history, and history of smoking, education level and employment were completed by a checklist. Then, the patients were evaluated for total and free testosterone levels and symptoms related to decreased testosterone, hypogonadism symptoms by ADAM questionnaire. Finally, the data were statistical analyzed by spss version 21.Results: The mean age of patients was 57.12±4.7 years with age range of 38-69 years. According to the ADAM questionnaire, 51 (78.4%) of the patients were positive and 14 (21.6%) were negative. 16 (24.6%) of all patients had hypogonadism. Among ADAM positive patients, 46 (90.1%) had erectile dysfunction and 33 (64.7%) had decreased libido. Most people (75%) with hypogonadism had BMI more than 30.Conclusions: Testosterone levels are commonly found low in diabetic men, most of whom have symptoms of hypogonadism. Body mass index is known as an independent risk factor for hypogonadism in T2D men. There was also a significant correlation between free testosterone levels and hypogonadism.
Family engagement amidst COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mohsina , Rahim Komal A. , Shafiq Fatima , Allana Anita , Bhamani Shelina
Published: July 2021

Background: Family engagement in the early years of a child’s life is one of the most powerful predictors of a child’s development. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, family engagement has been affected in numerous ways. Thus, this study aims to identify the perception of parents on the change in dynamics of family engagement between parents and their children during the pandemic in Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was followed using an online survey. The survey was administered to parents to assess their perception related to the effect of COVID-19 on family engagement as a whole.Results: The 90 parents participated in this online survey majority of whom had children aged 9 years and above (n=30). Most of the parents talked to their children daily, had one mealtime together, watched Television, and spent time with each other daily. There were some statements over which the parents marked ‘frequently’ and ‘hardly ever’ such as doing exercise, reading to the child, and supervising screen time. Results of the study show that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected interactions between parents and their children.Conclusions: Family is the basic unit of society. It plays a significant role in establishing life-long positive relationships. Family is a child’s first exposure to a nurturing environment and impactful engagements which helps in growth and mental development. COVID-19 has posed an overwhelming burden and affected the social interactions of parents with children. Social media advocacy and schools have supported in providing resources for continued learning with the participation of other members of the family.
Structure and process of the patient records computerization project in hospitals of Burundi
Authors: Munezero Florence , Sossa Charles J. , Nyandwi Joseph , Bazira Leodegal
Published: July 2021

Background: The computerization of patient records is an essential catalyst for the hospital performance. In Burundi the first patient records were computerized in 2015. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of this project in order to identify the challenges for its success. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 11 hospitals. An assessment tool was used to collect data on the availability and organization of resources at the beginning of the project, on the process and on the completeness of patient records. The data collection was been done in February 2020.Results: The structure and process components were moderately satisfactory with mean scores of 53% and 51% respectively. Governance (21%) for structure component, and maintenance (44%) for process component were the elements with the lowest scores. Concerning the completeness of the records, the main diagnosis at discharge was completed for 68% of the records in the gynecological-obstetrical consultation service; 58% for the pediatric service; 55% for the adult consultation service and 28% for the emergency service. Hospitals that were computerized in 2015 compared to 2017 (OR: 12.5 [10.9 -14.4]) and district hospitals compared to regional and national hospitals (OR: 22.1 [19.3 -25.2]) were more likely to have patient records with diagnosis at discharge.Conclusions: Continued mobilization of resources, making available the guidelines for managing the electronic patient record and implementing strategies to strengthen the capacity of users will ensure the sustainability of the patient record computerization project.
COVID-19: the psychological impact and coping strategies among youth during lockdown in India: the role of education
Authors: Rajeev M. M. , Harikrishnan U.
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19 is a biological disaster and its impact on the psychological wellbeing among individuals in the society. It affected all age group in the society and the youth are more vulnerable in the pandemic. The aim of the study was to understand the stress, anxiety, depression level and coping strategies among youth during the early stage of lockdown period in India.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study and 302 youth across India were respond ended through snowball sampling method. An online survey through google form and the tools were socio-demographic details, DASS-21 and coping strategies questionnaire. The self-reported English version online questionnaire were analysed through SPSS.Results: The study found that 36.8% of youth had stress, 32% of them had anxiety whereas 48.7% had depressive symptoms and 30.4% send their time in social networking sites during the early stage of lockdown in India. There were significant comparison between depression and recreational activities (x2=6.92; p=0.03) and highly significant comparison between depression and spending times in hobbies (x2=8.32; p=0.01).Conclusions: The youth need psychosocial care and support during this pandemic and the youth need to take up physical-mental-spiritual self-care activities.
Cholangiocarcinoma in South India: unprecedented, unanticipated and underreported
Authors: Nair Priya , B. Harshavardhan Rao , Koshy Anoop K. , Sudhindran Surendran , Pavithran K. , Venu Rama P.
Published: July 2021

Background: The incidence of CCA in India is on the rise especially in Kerala. However, the clinical profile and outcome of these patients has never been reported. The aim of this study was to identify region specific epidemiological trends and natural history of CCA in Kerala.Methods: This was a single centre, hospital based epidemiology study where incident cases of CCA from January 2014 to August 2016 were studied. Patient demographics and relevant clinical and laboratory data, imaging studies and treatment, were recorded in a predesigned Performa.Results: A total of 137 patients (mean age 62.92 ± 12.5 years, M:F=1.2) were studied of which 109 patients had Hilar CCA (pCCA), 16 patients had Distal CCA (dCCA) and 12 patients had Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA). A majority of patients were from coastal areas and rubber plantations. Known risk factors were absent in our patients. Bismuth Type IV disease was seen in 55 patients (50.5%). Most intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) (7/12) patients had stage IV disease at presentation. Curative resection was possible in 17/38 patients (44.7%). Patients who underwent treatment with a curative intent were younger with less advanced disease and therefore, had a significant 3 month, 6 month and 1 year survival advantage (p<0.05). The overall 1-year mortality was 66.1% (91/137). The 30-day post-op mortality was 4.3%.Conclusions: This study highlights a unique epidemiological pattern in our patients characterised by absence of known risk factors and unique geographic clusters. Palliative chemotherapy showed a significant survival benefit in this study which needs further validation.
Effect of diet, exercise and other contributing factors on menstruation
Authors: John Agatha Mary , Saji Angitha , Sunil Krupa Ann , Thomas Abel Abraham , Kumar Abhilash B.
Published: July 2021

Background: The poor knowledge and understanding of menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practice that in turn increases the risk of reproductive and genito-urinary tract infections and leads to overall poor quality of life. The food we consume have a complementary relationship with the pattern of menstrual cycle and so is the involvement of exercises. The study focused on understanding the relationship between effect of diet, exercise and other contributing factors on menstruation.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study done with a sample size of 650 subjects of 9 to 18 age group in whom menstruation already occurred who were recruited from five different schools in regions of Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha.Results: It was found that lack of exercise before and during menstruation has caused increased cramps and mood instability in girls. As well as skipping of breakfast and consumption of junk food was found to elevate pain, eventually affecting daily activities.Conclusions: The importance of counselling to all girls from the age of 9 was found to be necessary through the study and thereby adequate changes for a healthy future. Lack of exercise, unhealthy food habits and delayed identification of menstrual problems can have a negative impact on health.
Maternal health situation in the empowered action group states: how far we reached: a comparative analysis of national family health survey-3 and 4
Authors: Das Hrushikesh , Tiwari Jaya , Jena Sunita , Sahu Kushal Kumar
Published: July 2021

Background: Maternal health constitutes the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the post-partum period. India is one the biggest contributor to maternal mortality, among all the states of India, the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states contributes 61.5% of total mortality, keeping in this view the study compared the NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 survey of the maternal health condition of EAG states of India and evaluated the relationship between maternal health status and predictors of EAG states of India in NFHS-3 and NFHS-4.Methods: This cross-sectional study adopted descriptive secondary data analyses of two rounds of nationally representative sample surveys NFHS-3 and NFHS-4. The data were obtained by the demographic and health survey website after proper procedures and compared for various maternal health indicators of EAG states.Results: In this investigation, progress has been observed from NFHS-3 to NFHS-4 however, the progress is very positive promising to growth. Where their full (antenatal care) ANC indicator growth is very steady. Education and domestic violence are still hampering the growth of full maternal health wellbeing.Conclusions: Given the status of maternal health in India and more especially in EAG states, more improvement in the performance of maternal health-related activities is highly necessary for which health system strengthening coupled with strong political will and community mobilization are some of the urgent strategies required in the EAG states. Above all community, awareness has a greater role in improving the health status in these.
Mystery of perinatal outcomes by COVID-19
Authors: Das V. K. , Pandya Kaveri , Mathew Bincy , Prajapati Anjali
Published: July 2021

Background: The coronavirus disease is continuously affecting the lives of all people and it has grown into a pandemic. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy in terms of morbidity, mortality as well as perinatal-maternal and foetal outcomes is essential to propose strategies for prevention and infection control. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the impact of COVID-19 on perinatal outcomes.Methods: It was a retrospective analytical study. The case-files of 47 antenatal mothers who were RT-PCR positive & delivered during the course of treatment were taken for the study.Results: Out of all samples, 91.49% were asymptomatic, 10.63% had pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) as comorbidity, 88.10% had anaemia, 40.43% had WBC count more than 10,000/mm3. 97.87 % of the samples recovered from COVID-19 with routine obstetrical management and only one case was kept on BIPAP support. Perinatal complications like preterm deliveries (27.66%), foetal distress (27.66%), NRNST (19.15%), PROM (4.26%), decreased foetal movement (2.13 %), LBW (6.38%), APGAR<7 at 5 min (15.55%), still birth (4.26%), NICU admission (31.11%), neonatal death (2.13%) were identified. 68.89% neonates were breastfed. The RT-PCR of all neonates came negative on first day of delivery which indicates that there was no vertical transmission. In this study, the results show that the perinatal outcomes are mildly affected by COVID-19.Conclusions: Although COVID-19 doesn’t directly affect perinatal outcomes, it has indirect adverse effects on MCH services. Hence, emergency obstetric and neonatal care is an essential service to be continued with awareness of people while maintaining social distancing and personal hygiene.
Analysis of female athlete triad in adolescent female Bharatanatyam dancer using low energy availability questionnaire
Authors: Tambe Sharayu S. , Puntambekar Anjali S.
Published: July 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to assess adolescent Bharatanatyam female dancers for female athlete triad (FAT) which includes low energy availability (LEA), musculoskeletal injury profile, gastrointestinal function and menstrual dysfunction using in females LEAF questionnaire.Methods: The approval was taken from the institutional review board of K. J. Somaiya college of physiotherapy. A pre-designed, pre-validated, questionnaire was distributed in the google form layout, among population according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria; asking for consent to confirm their willingness to participate voluntarily. After confirmation, the participants were directed to complete the LEAF questionnaire, maintaining their confidentiality. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 82 participants took part in this study. The cumulative incidence of musculoskeletal injuries is about 50%. 35.4% of population experienced gaseous or bloated abdomen apart from menstrual function and 32.9% experienced cramps or stomach ache which were not related to menses. 7.3% of population reported primary amenorrhea, 35.8% reported secondary amenorrhea and 18.6% reported oligomenorrhea. Thus, overall, 34.5% population reported all the components of FAT.Conclusions: Prevalence of LEA in Bharatanatyam female dancers was reported amongst which prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries was high amongst the participants followed by menstrual dysfunction. LEA might have been interpreted as a usual or needed procedure to achieve better performance in past, but now it is recognized that it may lead to several negative consequences. Therefore, timely screening of dancers along with adequate training protocol will help alleviate LEA.
Mucormycosis an avoidable complication of COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Kumari Vanita , Chowdhary Devanshi , Ray Bikash Ranjan , Joshi Poonam
Published: July 2021

Mucormycosis is caused by the fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. There has been an increasing trend of rising fungal infection during the second wave of COVID in India, seen among patients recovering from COVID-19. A 37-years-old middle-aged adult, with the diagnosis of left paranasal sinus mucormycosis, left side pneumothorax (intercostal drainage tube in-situ) with COVID pneumonia reported to the emergency department (ED) during the COVID-19 pandemic in our hospital in India. The patient presented in the ED on oxygen support via a non-rebreathing mask at rate of 10 l/min with a history of progressive left eye redness, pain, and tenderness, periorbital swelling, sudden onset, and mild shortness of breath from 8 days. The patient had a history of taking steroids during the management of COVID-19, also had left intercostal drainage tube (ICD) in-situ, and underwent post endoscopic sinus surgery in the private hospital. The patient was clinically examined by multispeciality experts and subjected to laboratory investigations. The patient was diagnosed with left PNS mucormycosis and planned for debridement. The patient developed renal failure secondary to antifungal therapy had sudden deterioration and could not be saved. The mortality rate of mucormycosis is very high due to delayed presentation, toxicity associated with the antifungal therapy, etc. There is a need to identify risk factors, perform specific laboratory tests, and initiation of prompt treatment. Monitoring and competent nursing care are required during antifungal therapy and prolonged hospital stay.
Exclusive breastfeeding and its impact on neurodevelopment
Authors: Alghamdi Saeed Salem , Alruwaili Mansour Sultan , Alruwaili Mansour Sultan , Alanazi Nafea Hamoud , Alanazi Nafea Hamoud , Alalmaei Abdulaziz Zaher , Alalmaei Abdulaziz Zaher , Alshammari Rashed Sattam , Alshammari Rashed Sattam , Tuwalah Faisal Fahad Bin , Tuwalah Faisal Fahad Bin , Alqahtani Abdullah Saif , Alqahtani Abdullah Saif , Alhoraim Humoud Auoad , Alhoraim Humoud Auoad , Alshammari Omar Mohammad , Alshammari Omar Mohammad , Alamro Munirah Mansour , Alamro Munirah Mansour , Almisfer Abdulrahman Saleh , Almisfer Abdulrahman Saleh
Published: July 2021

Many advantages have been reported among the various studies in the literature about the efficacy of breastfeeding on brain development, which is mainly attributable to the abundant presence of the bioactive compounds and the essential fatty acids in breast milk. Moreover, it has been proven that breastfeeding enhanced long-term outcomes in children. In this context, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are two fatty acids that were previously reported to be associated with the developmental outcomes of the retina, nerve cells and brain. Both of these amino acids have also been found in breast milk, and they are not present in other milk formulas as cow’s milk which is usually administered to newborns. In the present literature review, we aim to discuss the impact of exclusive breastfeeding on neurodevelopment. The findings from various studies indicate the strong effect of breastfeeding on the neurodevelopmental outcomes as compared to the administration of other milk formulas. Another finding from previous literature, the favorable events that are obtained from breastfeeding were also found to be sustained to the school-age of these children. On the other hand, evidence regarding the efficacy of breastfeeding on brain development in preterm infants is still poor. As a result, further studies are needed to furtherly validate this point. The main mechanisms by which favorable neurodevelopmental outcomes are obtained following breastfeeding are the nutritional values that are found within the breast milk along with the physical interactions between the mothers and infants during breastfeeding.
Assessing frailty index and correlation with crp and serum albumin and clinical outcome in terms of length of hospital stay
Authors: Avarebeel Shilpa , Durgakar Akash , Pereira Pratibha , Varsha Tandure , Poojari Mahesh , Meenakshi S
Published: July 2021

Frailty is defined as “a clinically recognizable state of increased vulnerability, resulting from aging associated decline in reserve and function across multiple

A Hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study in tertiary care hospital. Atotal of 294 patients admitted in the Medicine/Geriatric Ward, were included in stressors is compromised”. It is a robust and powerful risk factor for disability. With this background, study was conducted at a tertiary centre with objectives to assess the frailty in elderly patients and to assess the correlation of frailty with Serum Albumin and CRP physiologic systems, such that the ability to cope with every day or acute and evaluate the clinical outcome in terms of length of hospital stay. The study. Demographic details and details of known comorbidities were recorded. Cognition score of all patients were assessed using mini mental scale examination. Investigations like Serum Albumin and CRP were done. The data was analyzed using statistical software.

Our results show that in hospitalized patients frailty is seen in both gender. The presence of co-morbidities worsens the frailty. 30 second chair test is very good indicator for frailty and risk of fall and we observed reduced duration in the Pre-Frail group. The cognition score decreased along with the increase in age groups. When compared with the Frailty index, it was more in the Pre-Frail group. The duration of hospital stay was more in Frail group. The mean serum albumin level is important marker to identify early frailty.

Assessment of frailty in elderly patients is necessary and identifying Pre-Frailgroup is very important. 30 second chair stand test and serum albumin are very important early markers in the assessment of frailty. Cognitive function is also very important to identify early frailty. Our study shows that the length of hospital stay is more in the Frail group. Frailty is important aspect of elderly. It should be included in routine clinical assessment of all elderly patients.
La praxis del contrabajo en los Conservatorios Elementales y Profesionales en España
Authors: Hernández Dionis Paula
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio trata de conocer la metodología empleada en torno a este instrumento en los Conservatorios Elementales y Profesionales del país. La recogida de información se ha realizado a través de un cuestionario en el que han participado 47 profesores de 43 conservatorios de todas las comunidades autónomas salvo Melilla, comunidad en la que no existe profesor de esta especialidad. El resultado nos muestra la heterogeneidad de la metodología utilizada por el profesorado del instrumento, quien adapta la programación a sus circunstancias locales y al alumnado que tiene. Asimismo, destaca la inquietud del profesorado por dar más visibilidad al instrumento más grande de la familia de la cuerda, pues en multitud de casos no disponen del material necesario para impartir estas enseñanzas.
Perencanaan Penggunaan Lahan Berbasis Sumber Daya Air di Hulu DAS Cisadane
Authors: Araswati Fulki Dwiyandi , Murtilaksano Kukuh , Hidayat Yayat
Published: July 2021

Perubahan penggunaan lahan adalah salah satu penyebab terjadinya ketidakseimbangan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air. Perubahan penggunaan lahan ini sejalan dengan perkembangan wilayah dan laju pertumbuhan penduduk pada suatu daerah yang akan menyebabkan kebutuhan air terus meningkat. Daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Cisadane Hulu merupakan sumber air baku bagi masyarakat Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor, baik untuk kegiatan domestik maupun nondomestik sehingga perlu dipertahankan fungsi hidrologisnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air, mengkaji neraca air di DAS Cisadane Hulu, serta menyusun rekomendasi perencanaan pengelolaan lahan yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di DAS Cisadane Hulu pada tahun 2019. Analisis kebutuhan air menggunakan SNI 19-6728.1-2002 dan metode FJ Mock digunakan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan air serta penyusunan skenario perencanaan penggunaan lahan dalam memprediksi total limpasan. Terdapat enam skenario yang diterapkan yang meliputi 1) Penggunaan lahan eksisting pada tahun 2018, 2) Penggunaan lahan sesuai RTRW Provinsi Jawa Barat, 3) Rencana teknik rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan (RTk-RHL), 4) Implementasi fungsi kawasan hutan di Hulu DAS Cisadane, 5) Kombinasi antara skenario 2, 3, dan 4, dan 6) Aplikasi teknik agroforestry pada lahan pertanian/perkebunan berlereng curam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air di Daerah Tangkapan Air (DTA) Cianteun adalah sebesar 108.952.291 m3/tahun dan di DTA Cisadane Hulu sebesar 308.733.311 m3/tahun, serta ketersediaan air berdasarkan debit andalan periode 10 tahun di DTA Cianteun sebesar 248.584.986 m3/tahun dan di DTA Cisadane Hulu sebesar 301.882.316 m3/tahun. Hasil neraca air membuktikan bahwa ketersediaan air pada DTA Cianteun mengalami surplus sebesar 139.632.695 m3/tahun, sedangkan pada DTA Cisadane Hulu mengalami defisit sebesar -6.850.995 m3/tahun.

 

Kata kunci: kebutuhan air, ketersediaan air, limpasan total, skenario perencanaan penggunaan lahan
Kejadian Kasus Penyakit Newcastle di Peternakan Ayam Buras di Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Susanti Winni Gusri , Wicaksono Ardilasunu , Basri Chaerul
Published: July 2021

Penyakit Newcastle Newcastle disease (ND) merupakan penyakit virus pada ayam yang sangat menular dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Kerugian ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh ND adalah kematian ayam dan menurunnya produksi telur pada ayam petelur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis data distribusi penyakit dengan mengukur kecepatan penyebaran penyakit serta menggambarkan distribusi penyakit secara spasial melalui pemetaan risiko kejadian ND pada peternakan ayam buras di Kabupaten Barru. Data diperoleh dari catatan kasus ND milik dinas terkait dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data dianalisis dengan menghitung tingkat insidensi dan menggambarkan peta risiko menggunakan sistem informasi geografi. Berdasarkan tingkat insidensi, kecepatan rata-rata penyebaran ND pada ayam buras di Kabupaten Barru adalah 13 kasus per 100.000 ekor-tahun. Kejadian penyakit paling tinggi terjadi di Kecamatan Soppeng Riaja dengan tingkat insidensi 14 kasus per 100.000 ekor-tahun, sedangkan tidak ada kejadian di Kecamatan Tanete Riaja. Wilayah berisiko tinggi adalah Kecamatan Soppeng Riaja sehingga langkah-langkah pengendalian perlu lebih ditekankan di wilayah tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: penyakit Newcastle, tingkat insidensi, pemetaan risiko ayam buras, Kabupaten Barru
Seroprevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Rabies pada Anjing di Daerah Endemis Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Wicaksono Ardilasunu , Zahid Abdul , Sudarnika Etih , Rotinsulu Dordia Anindita , Lukman Denny Widaya , Murtini Sri , Ridwan Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Sukabumi District is reported to date as an endemic rabies area in West Java Province. In supporting the rabies control programs, the occurrence of rabies needs to be determined to decrease the number of cases. This research aims to determine the seroprevalence of rabies and identify the risk factors associated with rabies in the district. The research was conducted in Jampang Tengah and Cisolok sub-districts with positive rabies cases on dogs and humans. The blood samples were taken from 191 selected dogs using simple random sampling. Rabies antibody titer was measured using ELISA, and the risk factor was identified using selected dogs’ data classified into intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the calculation of the odds ratio. The results showed that the seroprevalence of rabies was 7.9% (4.9-10.9%). The average antibody titer was 0.23 EU with a minimum value of 0.03 EU and a maximum of 0.96 EU. Thus, as high as 7.8% of the population showed rabies seropositivity from the unvaccinated dogs, while among the vaccinated dogs, only 8.0% of the population with rabies protective antibody titer. The significant risk factor of rabies seroprevalence is the typology of raising area (p = 0.003), revealing that the dogs raised in the coastal area had the odds of 5.8 (1.6-21.2) higher to get the rabies seropositivity than the dogs raised in the highland area.

 

Keywords: antibody titre, dogs, rabies, risk factor, seroprevalence
Produktivitas Rumput Hamil (Panicum maximum cv Hamil) yang Ditanam Menggunakan Benih Berbeda
Authors: Fanindi Ahmad , Sutedi Endang , Harmini Harmini
Published: July 2021

Reproductive traits determine the selection method in plant breeding. The benggala grass of the Hamil cultivar was thought to be apomictic; thus, a study was conducted to determine its reproduction. The research began by studying the morphological characters, continued with observing the generative phase and seed production of the cultivar planted from seeds (generative) and from pols (vegetative). The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Research Institute of Animal Production. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with ten replications, and the treatments were different types of plant materials: seeds and pols. The Hamil cultivar taken from RIAP Collection was planted in pots with a diameter of 40 cm and a height of 30 cm. The results showed that most of the morphological characters of the Hamil cultivar planted from seeds and from pols were not different (P >0.05), so it was presumed that they were apomictic. The difference in morphology was only in the length and width of the flag leaves and the length of the internodes, where the cultivars planted using seeds were higher. The production of seeds, pithy seed weight, and seed germination of cultivars planted using seeds were higher (P <0.05). Further research is needed to determine the apomixis properties based on cytologically Hamil cultivars.

 

Keywords: apomixis, benggala grass, morphology, plnting material; seed
Parameter Genetik Hasil Persilangan Jagung Bersari Bebas untuk Mendapatkan Galur Berbiji Ungu
Authors: Abadi Hanif Kusuma , Mustikarini Eries Dyah , Prayoga Gigih Ibnu
Published: July 2021

Corn (Zea mays) is a cereal crop and has become a staple food. Purple corn has more excess compared to corn in general. In addition, purple corn has high nutrient content and anthocyanin levels. This study aims to determine genetic parameters such as variability, heritability, and genetic advance of the F2 generation resulting from an open-pollinated hybridization. The research was conducted from January 2020 to June 2020 on the Research and Experimental Field of the Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The work used a single plant design. The lines used were derived from the results of the previous selection stage. The results showed that the phenotype variability was relatively wide on the weight character of ear cobs with cornhusk, and the cob weight without cornhusk. High heritability values are found in the characters of harvest age, age of male flowering, and age of female flowering. The value of expected genetic advance for high expectations is found in the characters of plant height, the row number of seeds, the weight of 100-seeds, and the weight of cob with cornhusk. The selection results suggest nine corn lines that can be used for the next generation selection.   Keywords: corn, expected genetic advance, heritability, purple, variability
KINEMATIC PAIRS: NOVEL KINDS AND SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Radzevich Stephen P.
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with kinematic pairs in the most general sense, and, in particular, with those used in gear design. The paper begins with a brief overview of the earlier performed research in the field. Different kinds of kinematic pairs are distinguished, namely, point-contact kinematic pairs, line-contact kinematic pairs, and surface-to-surface-contact kinematic pairs. Contact geometry of functional surfaces in kinematic pairs is involved into the analysis aiming more in detail analysis of design, and the development of a scientific classification of kinematic pairs. A scientific classification of all possible kinds of kinematic pairs is developed. All known designs of kinematic pairs are covered by the classification. Moreover, kinematic pairs of all notknown yet designs are also covered by the classification. This means that the proposed classification of kinematic pairs possesses predictive properties.
REDES DE ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE: A PERCEPÇÃO DOS GESTORES MUNICIPAIS
Authors: Finger Denise , De Souza Jeane Barros , Faganello Madureira Valéria Silvana , Geremia Daniela Savi , Hermes Thomas Tombini Larissa
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção dos gestores municipais quanto ao papel da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde no processo de regionalização e organização das Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu no primeiro semestre de 2016, com 13 gestores municipais de saúde do estado de Santa Catarina. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: como potencialidades, evidenciou-se o suporte adequado da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde na educação permanente aos municípios e a participação do Conselho Municipal de Saúde na gestão e planejamento, bem como resultados positivos na assistência da Atenção Básica. Em relação às fragilidades, a principal citação foi referente ao repasse insuficiente de recursos financeiros. Conclusão: a cooperação entre municípios, a Comissão Intergestores Regional, as regiões e as Redes são importantes para sustentar a saúde nos pequenos municípios.
Assessment of sdLDL-C by Three Different Formula and Its Correlation with Clinical Variables Among Diabetes Individuals with and without Nephropathy
Authors: Menambath Desy Thayyil , Yella Durga Rao , Khandige Ashok Prabhu , Kuthethur Sudha , Mangalore Nandini
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease worldwide which affects renal function. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes patients can be accelerated by dyslipidemia. Small dense lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) is atherogenic and its predominance has been known as a cardiovascular risk factor. The study aimed to assess the validity of calculated sdLDL-C using three different formulae and its association with other clinical variables in diabetic patients with and without nephropathy, and also to determine the best suited formula to measure sdLDL-C.METHODS: The study subjects were divided into two groups based on the amount of albumin excreted in the urine. Group I or the control group consisted of diabetic subjects without microalbuminuria, while group II consisted of diabetic subjects with microalbuminuria. Blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-C and apoB were estimated. Three formulae used for the validation of calculated sdLDL-C were TG/HDL, sdLDL (mg/dL) = 0.580 (nonHDL) + 0.407 (direct-LDL-C) – 0.719 (calculated-LDL-C) – 12.05, and LDL-C/LDL apoB.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in sdLDL-C levels of diabetic subjects with and without nephropathy. The sdLDL-C had strong correlation with TC, TG, LDL-C, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), non-HDL and apoB in both study groups. ROC curve showed that LDL-C/LDL apoB derived sdLDL-C had better sensitivity (85%) and specificity (69%) compared to other two measures.CONCLUSION: Though the calculated sdLDL-C do not predict the occurrence of nephropathy in diabetes subjects, it may still be used in conjunction with the traditional markers since it is cost effective. The LDL-C/LDL apoB formula is the best predictor of sdLDL-C among the three equations.KEYWORDS: HDL-C, LDL-C, Microalbuminuria, sdLDL-C, T2DM
The Effect of Green Tea on the Expression of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 in the Intestine of High Fat Diets-induced Rats
Authors: Susanti Erna , Susilowati Endang
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Signaling pathways contributing to cholesterol efflux and inhibitory inflammation in atherosclerosis that has not been explored is the liver X receptor (LXR). Catechin as LXR agonist influences the expression of Niemann-pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) protein transporter that triggers the inhibition of cholesterol absorption. This study aimed to examine the effect of Catechins on the expression of intestinal transporters: NPC1L1, ATP-binding cassete-proteins G5 (ABCG5) and G8 (ABCG8).METHODS: Twenty-five experimental animals were divided into five treatment groups, with 5 rats in each group. The groups were normal diet rats (group 1), high fat diets-induced rats (group 2), high fat diets-induced rats treated with 30 mg/kg body weight (BW) of Catechins (group 3), high fat diets-induced rats treated with 60 mg/kg BW of Catechins (group 4), and high fat diets-induced rats treated with 120 mg/kg BW of Catechins (group 5). After one-month, all rats were sacrificed, blood and intestine were collected. Lipid profile were determined enzymatically, mRNA levels were determined by reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while the expression of protein transporter were determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Catechins treatment decreased the expression of NPC1L1, but increased the expression of ABCG5 and ABG8.CONCLUSION: Catechins can be developed as a candidate for NPC1L1 inhibitor to mediate the inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol, therefore increasing the inhibitory effect of atherogenesis.KEYWORDS: ABCG5, ABCG8, aterogenesis, Catechins, green tea, NPC1L1
Development of Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR for Detection of CHRNA3 rs8040868
Authors: Dewi Anggi Laksmita , Paramita Dewi Kartikawati , Fachiroh Jajah
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide variations (SNV) have been mapped to be associated with several human conditions and diseases. To validate the association between SNV to certain human traits or diseases, a large number of subjects must be included. Thus, in need of a fast, relatively economic, and reliable genotyping method. This can be achieved through the use of tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-primer ARMS PCR). This study reports strategy to develop Tetra-primer ARMS PCR-based genotyping of CHRNA3 rs8040868.METHODS: The optimization of Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was done through these steps: identification of gene sequence and position of single mutation; designing outer and inner PCR primers; amplification of target gene fragments through PCR by using outer primer; confirming genotype of the PCR product by using sequencing; determining an optimum ratio of outer and inner primer; and determining optimum annealing temperature and cycles for the PCR program. The PCR products were run in 2% gel agarose electrophoresis and visualized under UV illumination.RESULTS: Outer and inner primer ratio of 1:3 with annealing temperature of 64.4°C and 40x cycles was found to be the most optimum condition. Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was able to confirm the results of the DNA sequence of 2 samples, confirming wild-type variants (TT allele) and the heterozygous mutant (CT allele).CONCLUSION: Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was able to genotype rs8040868 of the CHRNA3 gene.KEYWORDS: tetra-primer ARMS PCR, CHRNA3, rs8040868, genotyping
Análisis de vigas híbridas para reducir los aceros convencionales en puentes vehiculares con luces de 50m de Ayacucho
Authors:   , Huamani Ferrel Freddy Aundencio , Sarmiento Quispe Maribel Sandra
Published: July 2021

En la presente tesis se realizó un análisis de vigas híbridas en puentes vehiculares con luces de 50m de Ayacucho, considerando el diseño alternativo en la superestructura de sección compuesta con vigas homogéneas de aceros convencionales que es el proyecto existente versus las vigas híbridas con aceros A709 Grado 50 y de Grado HPS-70W, la misma que determinará cual es la alternativa de diseño que brinda mejores resultados desde el punto de vista como propuesta técnica y económica. Para este análisis se desarrollan seis capítulos. El capítulo número uno, se describe el plan de trabajo a seguir para alcanzar los objetivos planteados. El segundo capítulo, comprende el marco teórico en el cual se definen los conceptos, clasificación de puentes, tipos de aceros estructurales, propiedades, normativas y filosofía de diseño. En el tercer capítulo, se realiza el estudio de caso aplicado a un proyecto existente, donde utilizamos los antecedentes e información del proyecto. En el cuarto capítulo, se realiza el modelamiento y resultados de análisis estructural; en este capítulo se emplea el software SCibridges para el cálculo de las demandas en la estructura. En el quinto capítulo, se realiza el diseño de las vigas en el cual se presenta ensayos de material de una muestra de acero de grado HPS 70W, así mismo, se realiza el diseño de viga I según AASHTO LRFD donde se obtiene resultados considerables para reducir los aceros convencionales.​Finalmente, en el capítulo seis se presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones alineados a los objetivos planteados.
Análisis comparativo del comportamiento estructural de un puente peatonal de acero de 70 metros de luz libre aplicando las especificaciones de la AASHTO considerando estratos de suelo blando y rígido
Authors:   , Chirinos Ramirez Jaime
Published: July 2021

La presente tesis se tiene por objetivo la de realizar un análisis comparativo del comportamiento estructural de un puente peatonal de acero de estructura mixta, cuyos elementos estructurales están dimensionados de acuerdo a las indicaciones de la especificación técnica AASHTO LRFD. En este trabajo de investigación se usaron datos de una zona de proyecto para la realización del análisis comparativo. Esto con el fin de obtener perfiles resultados que se asemejen a la realidad en el contexto peruano. Esto debido a que la configuración misma del puente peatonal generaba fuerzas horizontales mayores en relación a las verticales haciendo necesaria la utilización de pilotes inclinados para aplacarlas. Otro punto fuerte de este trabajo es la utilización de secciones de acero tubulares que no es de uso frecuente en Perú ya que se prefiere el uso de secciones tipo W de acero. En sí, en Perú la gran mayoría de puentes peatonales son de concreto. Por otro lado, las verificaciones dictadas por normativas como la AASHTO LRFD, que se encuentra asimilada por el Manual de Puentes (2018) emitido por el Ministerio de Transporte y Comunicaciones, hace hincapié en el uso de una guía especializada para el caso de pasarelas peatonales.
Diseño de mezcla asfáltica auto reparable mediante inducción de calor, para controlar fallas superficiales de tráfico pesado en vías metropolitanas de Lima
Authors:   , Quispe Castro Edgar Daniel , Torres Meza David Antonio
Published: July 2021

Uno de los problemas en el sector transporte de la ciudad de Lima, es el pésimo estado en que se encuentran los pavimentos, esto debido al alto tránsito vehicular y las condiciones climáticas, ya que en los últimos años se ha incrementado el parque automotor de manera exponencial, generando el deterioro de los pavimentos y como consecuencia al realizar las operaciones de mantenimiento, ocasiona caos y tráfico vehicular. Esta tesis busca la solución a esta problemática, proponiendo el diseño de una mezcla asfáltica que tenga la propiedad de auto repararse, tomando como inicio el diseño de la mezcla asfáltica convencional, a la cual se incorpora polímeros y fibras de lana de acero, con la finalidad de mejorar el comportamiento físico y mecánico, y encontrar la capacidad recuperativa, controlando las fisuras al inducirle calor y extender la vida útil de los pavimentos.