bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fat embolism syndrome after humerus and pelvis fracture complicated by acute kidney injury requiring blood purification: a case report and literature review
Authors: Suda Takuya , Fujii Hiroshi , Asakura Keita , Horita Makoto , Nishioka Ryo , Koga Takahiro , Myojo Yasuhiro , Nakashima Akikatsu , Kawano Mitsuhiro
Published: October 2023

Background

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare syndrome that typically occurs 12–72 h after long bone or pelvic fractures with a classic triad of respiratory distress, neurologic changes, and petechial rash. Although Gurd’s criteria for FES include anuria or oliguria, the mechanism of acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unknown. Here, we present a case of FES complicated by AKI that required blood purification.

Case presentation

A 79-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a right humerus and pelvic fracture caused by a traffic accident. On the second day of hospitalization, she developed impaired consciousness, respiratory failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Chest radiography revealed bilateral diffuse alveolar infiltration. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging and diffuse low signal intensity on susceptibility-weighted imaging in the cerebral and cerebellar regions. The diagnosis of FES was confirmed and the patient was treated with methylprednisolone (40 mg/day) and ulinastatin. On the third day of hospitalization, she was admitted to our department because of AKI with oliguria. Although echocardiography showed an elevated right ventricular artery systolic pressure suggestive of pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary congestion was initially considered on chest imaging, and hemodialysis and rapid ultrafiltration were initiated. However, she developed hypovolemic shock and treatment was switched to continuous hemodiafiltration and slow ultrafiltration. Thereafter, her consciousness, hypoxemia, DIC and PH completely improved. She was weaned from blood purification therapy on the 29th day of hospitalization. She had hemolytic anemia that might have been caused by thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), but it resolved without plasmapheresis. On the 51st day of hospitalization, the patient was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation.

Conclusions

FES can be complicated by AKI. In this case, DIC, which was difficult to differentiate from TMA, and/or renal congestion were considered to be a cause of AKI. Chest radiographs of FES may be indistinguishable from pulmonary congestion. In our case, chest radiography showed bilateral diffuse alveolar infiltrates which was not indicative of pulmonary congestion but pulmonary involvement of FES. FES is associated with PH, which may lead to right heart failure. Therefore, the patient could have developed hypovolemic shock due to hemodialysis and rapid ultrafiltration. Clinicians should pay attention to the hemodynamics when blood purification for FES is performed.
Scaling up = scaling down? Children’s spatial scaling in different perceptual modalities and scaling directions
Authors: Möhring Wenke , Szubielska Magdalena
Published: October 2023

The present study examined whether scaling direction and perceptual modality affect children’s spatial scaling. Children aged 6–8 years (N = 201) were assigned to a visual, visuo-haptic, and haptic condition in which they were presented with colourful, embossed graphics. In the haptic condition, they were asked to wear a blindfold during the test trials. Across several trials, children were asked to learn about the position of a target in a map and to localize a disc at the same location in a referent space. Scaling factor was manipulated systematically, so that children had to either scale up or scale down spatial information. Their absolute deviations from the correct target location, reversal and signed errors, and response times served as dependent variables. Results revealed higher absolute deviations and response times for the haptic modality as opposed to the visual modality. Children’s signed errors, however, showed similar response strategies across the perceptual conditions. Therefore, it seems that a functional equivalence between vision and touch seems to emerge slowly across development for spatial scaling. With respect to scaling directions, findings showed that absolute deviations were affected by scaling factors, with symmetric increases in scaling up and scaling down in the haptic condition. Conversely, children showed an unbalanced pattern in the visual conditions, with higher accuracy in scaling down as opposed to scaling up. Overall, our findings suggest that visibility seems to factor into children’s scaling process.
IHVFL: a privacy-enhanced intention-hiding vertical federated learning framework for medical data
Authors: Tang Fei , Liang Shikai , Ling Guowei , Shan Jinyong
Published: October 2023

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has many applications in the field of smart healthcare with excellent performance. However, current VFL systems usually primarily focus on the privacy protection during model training, while the preparation of training data receives little attention. In real-world applications, like smart healthcare, the process of the training data preparation may involve some participant’s intention which could be privacy information for this participant. To protect the privacy of the model training intention, we describe the idea of Intention-Hiding Vertical Federated Learning (IHVFL) and illustrate a framework to achieve this privacy-preserving goal. First, we construct two secure screening protocols to enhance the privacy protection in feature engineering. Second, we implement the work of sample alignment bases on a novel private set intersection protocol. Finally, we use the logistic regression algorithm to demonstrate the process of IHVFL. Experiments show that our model can perform better efficiency (less than 5min) and accuracy (97%) on Breast Cancer medical dataset while maintaining the intention-hiding goal.
Effect of maximum exercise on left ventricular deformation and its correlation with cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in competitive athletes
Authors: Kandels J. , Stöbe S. , Kogel A. , Hepp P. , Riepenhof H. , Droste J. N. , Stoeggl T. , Marshall R. P. , Rudolph U. , Laufs U. , Fikenzer S. , Hagendorff A.
Published: October 2023

Background

Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global myocardial work index (GWI) allow early detection of subclinical changes in left ventricular (LV) systolic function. The aim of the study was to investigate the immediate effects of maximum physical exercise by different exercise testing methods on early post exercise LV deformation parameters in competitive athletes and to analyze their correlation with cardiopulmonary exercise capacity.

Methods

To reach maximum physical exercise, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was performed by semi-recumbent ergometer in competitive handball players (n = 13) and by treadmill testing in competitive football players (n = 19). Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) indexed to body weight (relative VO2max) was measured in all athletes. Transthoracic echocardiography and blood pressure measurements were performed at rest and 5 min after CPET in all athletes. GLS, GWI and their changes before and after CPET (ΔGLS, ΔGWI) were correlated with (relative) VO2max.

Results

In handball and football players, GLS and GWI did not differ significantly before and after CPET. There were no significant correlations between GLS and relative VO2max, but moderate correlations were found between ΔGWI and relative VO2max in handball (r = 0.631; P = 0.021) and football players (r = 0.592; P = 0.008). Furthermore, handball (46.7 ml/min*kg ± 4.7 ml/min*kg vs. 37.4 ml/min*kg ± 4.2; P = 0.004) and football players (58.3 ml/min*kg ± 3.7 ml/min*kg vs. 49.7 ml/min*kg ± 6.8; P = 0.002) with an increased ΔGWI after CPET showed a significant higher relative VO2max.

Conclusion

Maximum physical exercise has an immediate effect on LV deformation, irrespective of the used testing method. The correlation of relative VO2max with ΔGWI in the early post exercise period, identifies ΔGWI as an echocardiographic parameter for characterizing the current individual training status of athletes.
Numerical simulation of fracture temperature field distribution during oil and gas reservoir hydraulic fracturing based on unsteady wellbore temperature field model
Authors: Meng Lingdong , Zhang Xiaoling , Jin Yejun , Yan Kun , Li Song
Published: October 2023

In the hydraulic fracturing oil and gas reservoir, the temperature variation of the fracturing fluid has a great impact on its flow and rheology, affecting the sand-carrying capacity and friction resistance of the fracturing fluid, and also affecting the settling speed of proppant in the fracture, thus changing the sand setting profile and sand laying concentration, and finally affecting the geometry of the fracture. Based on the energy balance and continuity equations, a numerical model for the distribution of wellbore temperature field in an extended-reach well is developed, and a variation law for the wellbore and reservoir temperature fields during fracturing also is formulated. A 3D mathematical model of the temperature distribution in hydraulic fracture and near-fracture formations has been developed based on heat transfer theory and finite-difference methods, taking into account the temperature gradients of fracture length and height according to the energy balance principle and fracture fluid continuity equations. The sensitivity factors of the temperature field are clarified, the wellbore temperature field and the fracture matrix temperature field model are coupled, and the influence rule of the temperature field change of the construction layer on the fracture shape while fracturing is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for the hydraulic fracturing design optimization.
Machine-learning application to assess occurrence and saturations of methane hydrate in marine deposits offshore India
Authors: Chong Leebyn , Collett Timothy S. , Creason C. Gabriel , Seol Yongkoo , Myshakin Evgeniy M.
Published: October 2023

Artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to assess methane hydrate occurrence and saturation in marine sediments offshore India. The ANN analysis classifies the gas hydrate occurrence into three types: methane hydrate in pore space, methane hydrate in fractures, or no methane hydrate. Further, predicted saturation characterizes the volume of gas hydrate with respect to the available void volume. Log data collected at six wells, which were drilled during the India National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02 (NGHP-02), provided a combination of well-log measurements that were used as input for machine-learning (ML) models. Well-log measurements included density, porosity, electrical resistivity, natural gamma radiation, and acoustic wave velocity. Combinations of well logs used in the ML models provide good overall balanced accuracy (0.79 to 0.86) for the prediction of the gas hydrate occurrence and good accuracy (0.68 to 0.92) for methane hydrate saturation prediction in the marine accumulations against reference data. The accuracy scores indicate that the ML models can successfully predict reservoir characteristics for marine methane hydrate deposits. The results indicate that the ML models can either augment physics-driven methods for assessing the occurrence and saturation of methane hydrate deposits or serve as an independent predictive tool for those characteristics.
Non-clinically trained facilitators’ experiences of remote psychosocial interventions for older adults with memory loss and their family carers
Authors: Renouf Philippa , Budgett Jessica , Wyman Danielle , Banks Sara , Poppe Michaela , Cooper Claudia
Published: October 2023

Background

Dementia is the seventh leading cause of global mortality, with cases increasing. Psychosocial interventions might help prevent dementia and improve quality of life. Although it is cost-effective for non-clinically trained staff to deliver these, concerns are raised and little is known about the resulting impact on staff, especially for remote interventions.

Aims

To explore how non-clinically trained facilitators experienced delivering remote, one-to-one and group-based psychosocial interventions with older adults with memory loss and their family carers, under training and supervision.

Method

We conducted a secondary thematic analysis of interviews with non-clinically trained facilitators, employed by universities, the National Health Service and third-sector organisations, who facilitated either of two manualised interventions: the APPLE-Tree group dementia prevention for people with mild memory loss or the NIDUS-Family one-to-one dyadic intervention for people living with dementia and their family carers.

Results

The overarching theme of building confidence in developing therapeutic relationships was explained with subthemes that described the roles of positioning expertise (subtheme 1), developing clinical skills (subtheme 2), peer support (subtheme 3) in enabling this process and remote delivery as a potential barrier to it (subtheme 4).

Conclusions

Non-clinically trained facilitators can have positive experiences delivering remote psychosocial interventions with older adults. Differences in life experience could compound initial fears of being ‘in at the deep end’ and ‘exposed’ as lacking expertise. Fears were allayed by experiencing positive therapeutic relationships and outcomes, and by growing confidence. For this to happen, appropriate training and supervision is needed, alongside accounting for the challenges of remote delivery.
State of Cancer Care in America: Achieving Cancer Health Equity Among Sexual and Gender Minority Communities
Authors: Kamen Charles S. , Dizon Don S. , Fung Chunkit , Pratt-Chapman Mandi L. , Agulnik Mark , Fashoyin-Aje Lola A. , Jeames Sanford E. , Merrill Janette K. , Smith Kimberly T. , Maingi Shail
Published: October 2023

In 2017, ASCO issued the position statement, Strategies for Reducing Cancer Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minority Populations, outlining five areas of recommendations to address the needs of both sexual and gender minority (SGM, eg, LGBTQ+) populations affected by cancer and members of the oncology workforce who identify as SGM: (1) patient education and support; (2) workforce development and diversity; (3) quality improvement strategies; (4) policy solutions; and (5) research strategies. In 2019, ASCO convened the SGM Task Force to help actualize the recommendations of the 2017 position statement. The percentage of the US population who publicly identify as SGM has increased dramatically over the past few years. Although increased national interest in SGM health equity has accompanied a general interest in research, policy change, and education around diversity, equity, and inclusion, resulting from public concern over discrimination in health care against Black, Indigenous, and People of Color, this has been accompanied by a surge in discriminatory legislation directly impacting the SGM community. Although much progress has been made in advancing SGM cancer health equity since 2017, more progress is needed to reduce disparities and advance equity. The five focus areas outlined in the 2017 ASCO position statement remain relevant, as we must continue to promote and advance equity in quality improvement, workforce development, patient care, research, and SGM-affirming policies. This article reports on the progress toward reducing SGM cancer disparities and achieving equity across these five areas and identifies future directions for the work that still remains.
Au/Nb2O5-catalyzed N-Formylation of Amines Utilizing High Selectivity to Formate Intermediate in CO2 Hydrogenation
Authors: Hidaka Mitsuyo , Lin Mingyue , Yamakawa Hiroki , Nakayama Akihiro , Murayama Toru , Shimada Tetsuya , Takagi Shinsuke , Ishida Tamao
Published: October 2023

Deformed orthorhombic niobium oxide-supported Au nanoparticles (Au/Nb2O5-DO) exhibited high catalytic activity for N-formylation of amines using CO2 and H2 compared to other Au/Nb2O5 catalysts having different crystalline structures. Au/Nb2O5-DO also showed high selectivity to methyl formate in CO2 hydrogenation. Nb2O5-DO possessed a greater amount of acid sites than Au/Nb2O5-T (orthorhombic) and Au/Nb2O5-A (amorphous), which would be beneficial for formate activation and amine adsorption.
Ηλεκτρικός νευρομυϊκός ερεθισμός και επίδραση του στους σκελετικούς μυς σε ασθενείς της μονάδας εντατικής θεραπείας
Authors: Γεωργόπουλος Χρήστος
Published: October 2023

Εισαγωγή: Μια συχνή επιπλοκή σε ασθενείς που νοσηλεύονται στην Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας (ΜΕΘ) είναι η μείωση της μυϊκής δύναμης και της μάζας από τις πρώτες μέρες νοσηλείας. Σκοπός: Ο σκοπός της μελέτης είναι η σύγκριση δύο διαφορετικών πρωτοκόλλων ΗΝΜΕ, προς διερεύνηση του βέλτιστου προγράμματος για την πρόληψη της μυϊκής ατροφίας σε ασθενείς της ΜΕΘ, με την κλίμακα μυϊκής ισχύος MRC και τη δυναμομέτρηση χειρός HGD. Μεθοδολογία: Πεντακόσιοι σαράντα τρείς διαδοχικοί ασθενείς εξήλθαν κατά το διάστημα της μελέτης και 488 από αυτούς εξαιρέθηκαν. Στο σχήμα Χ παρουσιάζεται το διάγραμμα ροής της μελέτης και ο αριθμός των αποκλεισμένων ανά κατηγορία ασθενών. Συνολικά τυχαιοποιήθηκαν 55 ασθενείς από τους οποίους oι 14 τυχαιοποιήθηκαν στην ομάδα ελέγχου, 24 έλαβαν HNME υψηλής συχνότητας (HF - High Frequency) και 17 έλαβαν HNME μέτριας συχνότητας (MF - Medium Frequency). Η ενδιάμεση απώλεια στοιχείων μεταξύ των μετρήσεων οφειλόταν είτε στον θάνατο κάποιου ασθενή είτε σε τεχνικούς λόγους. Αποτελέσματα: Στην σύγκριση της μυϊκής δύναμης με την MRC ανάμεσα στην ομάδα υψηλής και στην ομάδα μέτριας συχνότητας φάνηκε τάση οι ασθενείς της ομάδας HF με να έχουν μεγαλύτερη δύναμη στην έξοδο από την ΜΕΘ. Επιπλέον δεν βρέθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά κατά την αφύπνιση (Τ1) καθώς και την έξοδο από το νοσοκομείο (Τ3). Οι δύο ομάδες δεν διέφεραν μεταξύ τους στην δυναμομέτρηση κατά την έξοδο από τη ΜΕΘ και σε όλες τις χρονικές στιγμές της αξιολόγησης και κατά την έξοδο από το νοσοκομείο. Φάνηκε ωστόσο τάση για αύξηση της δύναμης στους ασθενείς που εφαρμόστηκε ο ΗΝΜΕ μεταξύ της εξόδου από την ΜΕΘ και την έξοδο από το νοσοκομείο ενώ στην ομάδα ελέγχου φάνηκε τάση για μείωση της μυϊκής δύναμης για τις ίδιες χρονικές στιγμές. Συμπέρασμα: Ο ΗΝΜΕ αποτελεί ένα ασφαλές και αποτελεσματικό συμπληρωματικό μέσο διατήρησης ή και αύξησης της μυϊκής δύναμης σε ασθενείς που νοσηλεύονται στην ΜΕΘ. Δεν υπήρξαν στατιστικά σημαντικά αποτελέσματα που να συνηγορούν υπέρ της χρήσης του ΗΝΜΕ υψηλής συχνότητας για την αύξηση της μυϊκής δύναμης, όπως αυτή αξιολογήθηκε με την MRC, ωστόσο απαιτείται περαιτέρω διερεύνηση σε μεγαλύτερο δείγμα ασθενών με τυφλές μελέτες για τον καθορισμό της επίδρασης ΗΝΜΕ υψηλής συχνότητας σε ασθενείς της ΜΕΘ.
Performance and preference of problem-based learning (PBL) and lecture-based classes among medical students of Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Yadav Saroj , Poudel Sangeeta , Pandey Oshna , Jaiswal Dhiraj Prasad , Malla Bhupendra Prakash , Thakur Brajesh Kumar , Gautam Swotantra , Pandey Sirish Raj
Published: October 2023

Background: PBL (problem based learning) is new active learning educational strategy that has been extensively tested and used in recent years. This study aims to compare students' understanding and knowledge retention when taught through PBL and lecture-based classes and compare PAHS students' perceptions of PBL and lectures in medical education.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of medical students of a PBL based medical school in Nepal, a non-Western low-income country. Ethical approval was given by the institutional research committee of the Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Understanding and knowledge retention was assessed with 50 vignette-based multiple-choice questions, half of which were taught through PBL sessions, and the remaining half were taught in didactic lectures during basic science years of medical school. A separate pre-validated perception questionnaire was used to assess students' preferences regarding PBL and lectures.

Results: Out of 107 students, 99 participated in the understanding and knowledge retention questionnaires and 107 completed perception questionnaires. Understanding and knowledge retention of students was found to be the same for topics taught by PBL and lectures, with median scores of 17 and s16, respectively. PBL were mostly preferred for the physiology (59.81%), pathology (51.40%) and pharmacology (53.27%) concepts, and lectures were mostly preferred for the anatomy (78.50%), biochemistry (45.79%), and microbiology (42.99%) topics. Students wanted the same concepts to be taught through both PBL and lectures, especially for anatomy.

Conclusions: Understanding and knowledge retention is the same for topics taught by either PBL or lectures during the basic science years of undergraduate medical education. Students prefer PBL for physiology, pathology, and pharmacology-related concepts, conventional didactic lecture for physiology and microbiology, and a combination of lecture and PBL sessions for anatomy.
Case Report: Malignant melanoma in a patient with Crohn’s disease treated with ustekinumab
Authors: Axiaris Georgios , Ioannou Alexandros , Papoutsaki Marina , Marinos Leonidas , Liontos Michael , Michopoulos Spyridon , Zampeli Evanthia
Published: October 2023

The cornerstone of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment is immunomodulators. IBD patients are at increased risk of intestinal and extraintestinal malignancy. Ustekinumab is a fully humanized monoclonal anti-IL12/23 antibody with a good safety profile. Malignancies of breast, colon, head and neck, kidney, prostate, thyroid, and non-melanoma skin cancer have been reported among patients who received ustekinumab. We report the case of a 42-year-old Crohn’s patient on long-term treatment with ustekinumab, who developed achromatic malignant melanoma. Crohn’s was diagnosed at the age of 15, with upper and lower gastrointestinal involvement and was initially treated with azathioprine (2mg/kg for 4 years) and infliximab (5mg/kg for 6 weeks). Due to ileal obstruction, the patient underwent stricturoplasty and received adalimumab (40mg every other week) for two years. He then discontinued therapy and a year later underwent right hemicolectomy. Adalimumab was reinstituted (40mg every other week) and the patient remained in clinical remission for two years. His overall exposure to adalimumab was four years. Ustekinumab was initiated due to a relapse and after 3 years, an incident of scalp itching led to the diagnosis metastatic achromatic malignant melanoma bearing BRAF V600E mutation. He received targeted therapy with an initial good response. We aim to point out the risk of dermatologic malignancy in IBD patients on long-term immunosuppression and the lifelong and meticulous evaluation that is required.
Case Report: Masseter hypertrophy: A case and review
Authors: Sonar Prasanna R. , Panchbhai Aarati S.
Published: October 2023

Masseter muscle hypertrophy is a rare condition with no known etiology that has become more prevalent due to growing aesthetic concerns. It is distinguished by either unilaterally or bilaterally enlarged masseter muscles. Its origin is still unknown. This study discusses a clinically confirmed case of unilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy and provides an outline of the condition's etiology, prevalence, diagnosis, and course of treatment.
Case Report: Bilateral optic disc swelling in a patient with tuberculoma
Authors: Tayal Ayushi , Daigavane Sachin
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: In children, tuberculosis of the central nervous system most usually manifests as tubercular meningitis, hydrocephalus post-tubercular meningitis, and, in rare cases, space-occupying lesions known as tuberculoma. We address the diagnostic difficulty in an adult patient with mainly ocular symptoms who was diagnosed with tuberculoma. A 19-year-old young man came with painless bilateral blurring of vision. Bilateral optic disc swelling and bilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy were present. METHODS: Brain imaging revealed ring-enhancing lesions in the cerebellar vermis, left cerebellar hemisphere and left middle cerebral peduncle with surrounding extensive perilesional edema causing effacement of fourth ventricle leading to obstructive hydrocephalus suggestive of tuberculoma. RESULTS: He had a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a positive Mantoux test. His Quantiferon-TB Gold test result was positive. The examination of cerebrospinal fluid suggested a high opening pressure. Following anti-tubercular medication along with systemic steroids, his vision improved due to decreased optic disc swelling. CONCLUSION: We wish to highlight that visual loss and grave consequences of tuberculoma can be averted with early recognition and treatment.
Enhance nursing students’ reflection through Padlet: an action research
Authors: Phenwan Tharin
Published: October 2023

Background: Reflective practice (RP) is encouraged amongst healthcare students, including nursing students. However, students do not have a ‘safe space’ to practice reflection before being assessed. Padlet is an interactive platform that can potentially facilitate students’ reflection via its features that enables anonymous participation, asynchronous participation and collaborative learning environment. This study aims to explore the influence of current reflection teaching method on students’ RP and how Padlet can facilitate students’ RP.

Methods: An action research was undertaken with 22 first year nursing students from Feb to May 2023. Participants answered questions anonymously pre-class and post-class in two Padlet boards. The researcher gave constructive feedback and signposted good examples of reflection to participants thus enabling ‘champion’ students to emerge during the process. Anonymous texts from two Padlet boards were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis technique.

Results: Three themes were generated: i) Pre-class variable baseline understanding of reflection; ii) Co-constructed reflection and iii) Tools and triggers for reflection. Students joined the study with different presumptions and understanding of reflection, ranging from descriptive understanding of the concept, a total misunderstanding of the concept and in-depth understanding of reflection. They all indicated a changed understanding of reflection post-class and emphasized the benefits of a socially constructed learning process. Participants suggested the use of reflective tools (via reflective models) and triggers (via probing questions and feedback) as useful to facilitate their reflection.

Conclusions: This study indicates that the current teaching materials enable students to enhance their understanding of reflection. Nevertheless, students could potentially benefit from tools and triggers that will initiate and support their reflection. To that end, Padlet proves a promising tool to enhance students’ reflection via its function to enable anonymity, asynchronous participation and socially constructed learning environment.
The New Approaches to Ensuring Financial Security in the Context of Geofinance Risks and Regionalization
Authors: Perepelica D.
Published: October 2023

Geopolitical and geo-economic changes have an impact on financial markets, macroeconomic stability and economic development of countries. In such circumstances, states need to develop effective strategies and measures to ensure financial security. One of the aspects that should be taken into account is geofinance risks. They are caused by global economic shifts, such as changes in trade and economic relations between countries, the introduction of sanctions, financial crises, etc. Many States depend on global trade and investment, and the loss of stability in the international financial market can have serious consequences for their financial system and the economy as a whole. Another factor is regionalization. Many countries are increasing economic ties within the framework of regional blocs and associations. This can be useful for stimulating trade and economic growth, but at the same time creates new financial risks. The article examines the development of trends in globalization and regionalization, as well as the role of the Russian Federation in regional associations.
Informal Employment of the Population and Its Impact on the Tax Component of the Russian Economic System
Authors: Levshukova Ol'ga , Dzetl' Bayzet , Voytikov Aleksey
Published: October 2023

Shadow employment is an integral element of the state's economic system, which poses a threat to the sustainable functioning of the tax system and requires increased attention from researchers. The scientific article reveals the essence and reasons for the development of the institution of informal employment in the Russian Federation and characterizes the correlation between the dynamics of the development of shadow labor activity and the state of the country's tax system. The authors present and analyze statistical data that determine the state of the institution of informal employment in Russia: the dynamics of the number of informally employed citizens, their gender and age structure, as well as sectoral distribution are characterized. A study was conducted, according to the results of which, it was determined that informal employment and the tax component of the Russian economic system are characterized by significant mutual influence. Tax statistics are presented and analyzed and the role of reducing the number of informally employed population in ensuring the stable functioning of the tax system of the Russian Federation is explained. The measures that will increase the level of legalization of shadow labor activity in our country are presented.
Assessment of anxiety and depression and selected psychosocial variables in cancer patients
Authors: Kulpa Marta , Ciuba Agata , Kosowicz Mariola , Rozenek Hanna , Banasiewicz Jolanta , Flaga-Łuczkiewicz Magdalena , Stypuła-Ciuba Beata
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

Ocena zaburzeń lękowo-depresyjnych u pacjenta chorego onkologicznie może pomóc w procesie leczenia oraz planowaniu opieki psychoonkologicznej. Celem badania była ocena nasilenia lęku i depresji u chorych onkologicznie oraz ich związku ze zmiennymi psychospołecznymi.

Metoda

Grupę badaną stanowili pełnoletni chorzy onkologicznie z postawioną diagnozą onkologiczną od co najmniej 6 tygodni w trakcie leczenia przyczynowego. W badaniu zastosowano kwestionariusz HADS. Przebadano 537 pacjentów w wieku od 19 do 91 lat. Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 53,5 lat.

Wyniki

Zarówno podczas pierwszego leczenia onkologicznego, jak i w nawrocie choroby pacjenci częściej prezentują objawy lęku niż depresji. Stany te występują z większą intensywnością u kobiet niż u mężczyzn (p=0.000), ponadto ryzyko wystąpienia zaburzeń depresyjnych zwiększa się wraz z wiekiem pacjenta (p=0.015). Największe nasilenie objawów depresji obserwowano u pacjentów mieszkających na wsi oraz u osób na rencie lub emeryturze, a najniższe w małych i średnich miastach oraz u osób aktywnych zawodowo lub pozostających na krótkim zwolnieniu lekarskim. Natomiast jednoczesne występowanie lęku i depresji charakteryzowało pacjentów z nowotworami piersi i narządów rodnych, które najrzadziej były zgłaszane przez pacjentów z nowotworami układu moczowego.

Wnioski

Narzędzia do przesiewowej diagnostyki ryzyka występowania zaburzeń lękowo-depresyjnych powinny być stosowane rutynowo w trakcie cyklicznych konsultacji lekarskich u pacjenta z chorobą nowotworową. Pozwoli to na wczesne wykrycie objawów i włączenie działań terapeutycznych.
The role of cognitive trauma processing in the occurrence of secondary traumatic stress symptoms in professionals working with people after traumatic experiences
Authors: Ogińska-Bulik Nina
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

Celem badań było ustalenie związku między poznawczym przetwarzaniem traumy a wtórnym stresem traumatycznym (STS) u profesjonalistów pracujących z osobami po traumatycznych przeżyciach.

Metoda

Analizie poddano wyniki uzyskane od 500 osób reprezentujących pięć grup zawodowych (terapeutów, ratowników medycznych, pielęgniarek, pracowników socjalnych i kuratorów sądowych). Więcej było wśród nich kobiet (76,4%) niż mężczyzn (23,6%). Średni wiek badanych to 44,09 lat (SD = 9,85). W badaniu wykorzystano dwa standardowe narzędzia pomiarowe, tj. Inwentarz Wtórnego Stresu Traumatycznego (STSI) oraz Skalę Przetwarzania Poznawczego Traumy (CPOTS), pozwalającą na ocenę pięciu strategii zaradczych (pozytywna restrukturyzacja poznawcza, porównanie w dół, rozwiązanie/akceptacja, zaprzeczenie, żal ) oraz ankietę opracowaną na potrzeby badania.

Wyniki

Uzyskane rezultaty wykazały, że personel medyczny, w tym ratownicy medyczni i pielęgniarki, wykazywał największe nasilenie STS, a terapeuci – najniższe. Objawy wtórnego stresu wiążą się głównie z negatywnymi strategiami radzenia sobie, takimi jak żal i zaprzeczanie, które także pełnią rolę predykcyjną dla STS.

Wnioski

Istnieje potrzeba zapewnienia pomocy psychologicznej profesjonalistom pracującym z osobami po traumatycznych przeżyciach, zwłaszcza personelowi medycznemu.
Letter to Editor. Position of the Polish Psychiatric Association on the use of benzodiazepine derivatives and drugs with a similar mechanism of action in the treatment of mental disorders
Authors: Wichniak Adam , Bieńkowski Przemysław , Dudek Dominika , Gałecki Piotr , Heitzman Janusz , Janas-Kozik Małgorzata , Matuszczyk Maciej , Mielimąka Michał , Murawiec Sławomir , Samochowiec Jerzy , Szulc Agata
Published: October 2023

bez streszczenia
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy A. , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: October 2023

brak streszczenia
AUKUS AS AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO THE PROSPECTIVE LIMITATION OF AMERICAN DOMINATION IN THE INDO-PACIFIC
Authors: Mickiewicz Piotr
Published: October 2023

The establishment of the AUKUS system by the USA, Great Britain and Australia is a tangible proof of the change in the American maritime strategy and the rivalry with China for influence in the Indo-Pacific. Including Australia in the efforts to curb Chinese regional expansion is an undoubted success of Washington, which has skilfully used both the weaknesses of the QUAD agreement and the Australia-India-Indonesia trilateral cooperation to persuade Canberra to redefine its policy towards China and the region itself. As a result, Australia is becoming not only the second most important ally of the USA after Great Britain, but also the most important maritime player in the Indian Ocean. This status also poses a threat to the US, as it will weaken the community of interests with India and – to a lesser extent – with Saudi Arabia. Moreover, American politicians must accept the fact that they will be co-makers of policies in the Indo-Pacific region and that sometimes – in their own interest – they will be forced to remain passive in the face of actions taken by Canberra. The aim of the article is to analyze the political significance of the AUKUS agreement for American politics and to assess the possibility of its potential transformation into a political alliance or a regional maritime security complex. This assessment will be made based on the analysis of strategic documents of the signatories of the agreement and political and economic conditions in the Indo-Pacific region. The issue of approval by the American political establishment for recognizing Australia as an independent political player in this region was considered a major threat to the implementation of this political concept.
RUSSIA’S FALIN–KVITSINSKY ENERGY DOCTRINE: HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE APPLYING TO SELECTED CENTRAL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Mróz Maciej , Paszkowski Michał
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the evolution of the energy security of Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine since the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), in terms of natural gas supplies. Instead of framing energy dependencies on Russia in a descriptive way, this article shows the empirical validation of the Falin–Kvitsinsky doctrine, which includes the use of energy resources as tool in foreign policy. Therefore, the authors propose a three-element Falin–Kvitsinsky doctrine indicator to measure the power of this doctrine using the yearly data for 1991–2021. Authors argue that the impact of this doctrine should be assessed through the lens of energy supply security and then measured by appropriate indicators. This approach might be seen as opposite to the mainstream publications which are mostly descriptive in this field. In the article, the authors provided clear evidence of the Falin–Kvitsinsky doctrine existence until the end of 2021, which was applied during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Actions taken by Russia over the years were aimed at making Central European countries dependent on natural gas supply, which would then prompt these countries to limit their aid to Ukraine during the conflict that began in 2022. In conclusion, Russia is able to pursue its political goals in the manner suggested by the Falin–Kvitsinsky doctrine as long as each Central European country tries to ensure its own energy security. However, the Falin-Kvitsky doctrine did not fully meet its objectives, as Central European countries, as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war, were able to quickly take steps to diversify the sources and directions of natural gas supplies by taking comprehensive measures and strengthening cooperation.
Earth Science Education #7. GeoTrails: Accessible Online Tools for Outreach and Education
Authors: Maloney Katie M. , Peace Alexander L. , Hansen Joe , Hum Keira L. , Nielsen Julia P. , Pearson Kate F. , Ramharrack-Maharaj Shania , Schwarz Deana M. , Papangelakis Elli , Eyles Carolyn H.
Published: October 2023

As geoscientists, we must prioritize improving our ability to communicate science to the public. Effective geoscience communication enables communities to understand how geological processes have shaped our planet and make informed decisions about Earth’s future. However, geoscience research outputs have traditionally been published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at academic conferences. Consequently, essential information about local geology is rarely available in accessible, open access, and engaging formats. Here, we propose virtual field trips, or ‘GeoTrails’, as a possible solution to address the disconnect between geoscience research and public knowledge by improving our communication to the public. This initiative is largely driven by undergraduate students, who identify points of geological interest along selected hiking trails, write concise descriptions derived from scientific sources (e.g. longer peer-reviewed articles and government reports), and collect field data (e.g. 3-D LiDAR models, drone photography) to illustrate the characteristics of these geological features. The goal of the project is to communicate the importance of local geology on our environment and to raise awareness of how changing climates could affect us in the future; this information can empower communities to make better, more informed planning decisions. The creation of GeoTrails along the Niagara Escarpment offers a promising strategy to highlight the role of geoscientists and to engage the public in our ongoing research that aims to showcase Canada’s geoheritage.
1918-2018. Sevilla: vivienda social y ciudad. la iniciativa municipal
Authors: Capilla Roncero Francisco de Sales , Ramos Carranza Amadeo , Sánchez-Cid Endériz José Ignacio
Published: October 2023

Con motivo de la celebración del primer centenario del Patronato Municipal de Casas Baratas de Sevilla, posteriormente Patronato Municipal de la Vivienda y, en la actualidad, Empresa Municipal de Vivienda, Suelo y Equipamiento de Sevilla, S.A. (EMVISESA), se celebró en 2019 la exposición "1918-2018. Sevilla: vivienda social y ciudad. La iniciativa municipal", fruto de la colaboración entre la Cátedra Vivienda-EMVISESA de la Universidad de Sevilla, el ayuntamiento y el Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de la ciudad. Este catálogo desarrolla la documentación expuesta y añade nuevos artículos que contextualizan el periodo y abordan la evolución urbana de la ciudad y de su entorno europeo, la contribución de la institución municipal a la construcción de Sevilla, la vinculación de la vivienda social con las transformaciones sociales y su correlación con la generación del espacio público. La obra se cierra con un extenso estudio cronológico que aporta documentación exhaustiva sobre la actividad municipal desarrollada durante los cien años que se conmemoran e incorpora comentarios sobre todas las obras promovidas, los actores participantes y los hitos más relevantes relacionados con la actividad.
Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Martinez Veline , Echeverri Esteban , Urbano Maria Alejandra , Ballen Laura Juliana , Guzman Guillermo Edinson
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with hemorrhagic stroke being the deadliest form of acute stroke. Therefore, the cause of the event should be determined to direct the associated therapy and take preventive measures. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been described as a rare etiology of stroke. Although hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with venous thrombotic events, altered endothelial function, and procoagulant states, its clinical role in stroke remains controversial.
Case description: We present a case of a 60-year-old male patient with primary autoimmune hypothyroidism who presented with dysarthria, facial paresis, and left upper-limb monoparesis after sexual intercourse. A simple skull computed tomography scan showed hyperintensity in the right basal ganglion, indicating an acute hemorrhagic event. Etiological studies were performed, including ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, cerebral angiography, and transthoracic echocardiogram, which ruled out underlying vascular pathology. During follow-up, vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia were detected, without other blood biochemical profile alterations. Supplementation was initiated, and homocysteine levels gradually decreased, without new neurological deficits observed during follow-up.
Conclusion: Quantification of homocysteine should be considered in patients with a cerebrovascular disease without apparent cause, as documenting hyperhomocysteinemia and correcting its underlying etiology are essential not only for providing appropriate management but also for preventing future events.
Trace elements concentrations in drinking water – is there a risk for neurological or psychiatric disorders?
Authors: Januszewski Jacek , Forma Alicja , Sitarz Ryszard , Kobak Joanna , Tyczyńska Magdalena , Zembala Julita , Buszewicz Grzegorz , Teresiński Grzegorz , Markiewicz-Gospodarek Agnieszka , Baj Jacek
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Drinking water contaminated with heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium, nickel, mercury, chromium, zinc, lead, etc. is becoming a major health concern. Some trace elements have been linked to neurotoxic effects and an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, although there is still an area for further investigations on how they may affect neurological and psychiatric illnesses. It is widely acknowledged that the generation of reactive oxygen species causes oxidative damage and other detrimental health effects, and is the main mechanism underlying heavy metal-induced toxicity in contaminated drinking water. The aim: The main objective of this narrative review was to summarize the current knowledge regarding the concentrations of chosen trace elements in drinking water and their possible relationship with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Material and method: The available literature was reviewed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences platforms. The analysis included both reviews and original studies. Discussion: Some elements such as aluminum, arsenic, lithium, or nickel have been suggested to be risk factors for psychoneurological disorders. Further, studies suggest that some neurobehavioral disorders might be due to the collective action of metals in drinking water. Keywords: trace elements; drinking water; contamination; neurological disorder; psychiatric disorder
The Role of Micro Waqf Bank in Supporting MSMEs through Productive Waqf
Authors: Rifan Akhmad Arif , Wahyudi Rofiul
Published: October 2023

Micro Waqf Bank (Bank Wakaf Mikro–BWM) is an Islamic Microfinance Institution registered and supervised by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), which aims to provide access to capital for small communities who do not yet have access to formal financial institutions. This study aimed to identify the roles of micro waqf banks in supporting MSMEs through productive waqf. It utilized a case study research design focusing on Micro Waqf Bank BWM Usaha Mandiri Sakinah (UNISA). Primary data were collected through interviews with the marketing manager, marketing staff, and BWM Usaha Mandiri Sakinah customers. The results of the qualitative data analysis show that BWM Usaha Mandiri Sakinah, as one of the micro waqf banks, has played an essential role in increasing MSMEs' income in Sleman Yogyakarta.
Do Managerial Ownership, Gender Diversity, and Intellectual Capital Matter in Predicting State-Owned Companies Financial Distress?
Authors: Widiatami Anna Kania , Fadli Dhifah Amaliyah , Aeni Ida Nur , Widhiastuti Ratieh , Nurkhin Ahmad
Published: October 2023

The downward movement of some Indonesian state-owned companies during the pandemic because of financial problems has resulted in more public scrutiny of the companies. Managers need to take extra caution to prevent the occurrence of financial distress. This study investigated the role of managerial ownership, gender diversity, and intellectual capital in predicting financial distress in state-owned companies. In doing so, three research hypotheses were formulated. Based on the purposive sampling method, 19 state-owned companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were selected as the research sample. Secondary data from each company's annual report from 2017 to 2020 were documented, resulting in 76 firm-year data as the final sample. The panel data regression was applied to test the hypotheses. A robustness test was also carried out to check the result's consistency. The study reports that intellectual capital had a positive impact in predicting financial distress, while managerial ownership and gender diversity did not affect it. These results may provide insight for managers of state-owned companies to prevent financial distress earlier by increasing their intellectual capital.
Skin changes associated with ageing
Authors: Lawton Sandra
Published: October 2023

Major skin changes are one of the many features occurring with ageing and it is estimated that 70% of older people have skin problems ( All-Party Parliamentary Group on Skin (APPGS), 2000 ). A report into skin diseases in older people highlighted that they were noted to suffer from a lack of sensitivity to their skin care needs and related problems; furthermore, training was lacking for healthcare professionals and service provision was not planned ( APPGS, 2000 ). The aim of this article is to highlight the importance of skin care in the older person and increase the nurse's knowledge of skin changes associated with age.