bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some production characteristics of Bafra, Akkaraman, Bafra × Akkaraman F1 and B1 sheep genotypes
Authors: GÜNGÖR Ömer Faruk , ÜNAL Necmettin
Published: February 2020

The present study was carried out to identify the reproductive characteristics, survival rate, growth traits and some body measurements of Bafra (B), Akkaraman (A), Bafra × Akkaraman F1 (BAF1) and Bafra × Akkaraman B1 (BAB1) sheep genotypes. The research was performed at Gözlü State Farm, belonging to the General Directorate of Agricultural Enterprise (TİGEM), during the years of 2014-2016. In the study, lambing rates of B×B, A×A, B×A and B×BAF1 mating groups were 55.25, 69.97, 67.25 and 64.91%; the lamb production were 92.27, 88.93, 87.54 and 122.81% and the litter sizes were 1.67, 1.27, 1.30 and 1.89, respectively. The survival rates of B, A, BAF1 and BAB1 lambs were calculated as 89.89, 94.23, 88.79 and 98.36% in the 90th day, respectively (P<0.05). The least square means of these lambs were 3.65±0.05, 4.71±0.07, 4.56±0.06 and 4.03±0.10 kg (P<0.001) for birth weight and 23.51±0.30, 31.39±0.37, 30.00±0.35 and 25.16±0.53 kg (P<0.001) for the 90th day weight (weaning weight), respectively. Body measurements of these genotypes on the 90th day were 56.79±0.45, 61.75±0.54, 60.98±0.59 and 61.73±0.62 cm (P<0.001) for the withers height; 55.76±0.32, 55.18±0.39, 56.91±0.42 and 57.43±0.45 cm (P<0.01) for the body length; 63.05±0.73, 71.88±0.89, 60.89±0.96 and 61.92±1.02 cm (P<0.001) for the chest girth; and 16.63±0.50, 40.45±0.62, 28.33±0.67 and 18.33±0.70 cm (P<0.001) for the widest tail circumference, respectively. In conclusion, the reproductive performance of the BAF1 genotype was satisfactory; BAF1 lambs were partially similar to A lambs, but BAB1 lambs were partially similar to B lambs in terms of growth characteristics.
Distribution of Salmonella serovars and characterization of isolates in cattle feces and environmental samples
Authors: ÇAKİN Melih , BAŞARAN KAHRAMAN Beren , DİREN SIĞIRCI Belgi , BAĞCIGİL Arzu Funda
Published: February 2020

In this study, it was aimed to identify the presence of Salmonella serovars, and investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates and the presence of certain virulence factors in the samples collected from cattle feces and environmental samples. Fecal and environmental swab samples were regularly collected from five different dairy cattle farms for a period of one year, once in each season. Totally, 425 fecal samples from animals, 21 of which had diarrhea and 400 environmental samples were examined for Salmonella spp.. While no Salmonella spp. was isolated from the environmental samples, Salmonella spp. was isolated from three (0.36%) of the fecal samples. All isolates were isolated from a single farm and they were sampled in autumn. Two strains were serotyped as S. Kottbus and the other as S. Lindenburg. All serovars were found to be sulfamethoxazole-resistant, while susceptible to cefoxitin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, ceftiofur and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. While mgtC, misL and invA were detected in all isolates, no pefA was detected. stn was detected in S. Lindenburg and one of S. Kottbus, whereas the spvA was detected only in S. Lindenburg. Presence of isolation only in one of the five farms and the low isolation rates were associated with a good level of biosecurity measures in the area where the study was conducted. Salmonella spp. isolation from healthy animals apart from animals with diarrhea was found to be important in terms of the role that persistently infected animals can play in the spread of the agent.
A influência das demandas atencionais no controle postural de hemiparéticos
Authors: Araújo Viviane dos Santos , Fonseca Erika Pedreira da
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Investigar os efeitos da dupla tarefa com demanda cogni­tiva sobre o controle postural de indivíduos hemiparéticos após Aci­dente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Método. Participaram 18 indivíduos (52,28±13,8 anos) hemiparéticos crônicos, capazes de deambular com ou sem dispositivo para o auxilio da marcha. Foram utilizados os testes Timed Up and Go (TUG), foi solicitado que o individuo se levantasse de uma cadeira, caminhasse três metros, retornasse para a cadeira e sentasse, e o Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) onde os indivíduos realizaram oito tarefas que envolviam a marcha em diferentes contextos senso­riais, com e sem associação de demanda cognitiva, para avaliar o equi­líbrio. Resultados. Verificou-se que a demanda cognitiva influenciou nos resultados dos testes, no DGI apresentou uma redução na pontu­ação (-3,05) e no TUG um tempo maior (2,60) para a realização de ambos com uma demanda cognitiva. Porém não houve diferença na redução da pontuação no DGI ou no aumento do tempo do TUG, na dupla tarefa, quando comparado com gênero (p=0,860 e p=0,069), escolaridade (p=0,973 e p=0,571), tipo de AVC (p=0,408 e p=0,408), e hemisfério acometido (p=0,798 e p=0,101). Conclusão. A realiza­ção da dupla tarefa com inserção de uma demanda cognitiva influen­cia no controle postural de indivíduos hemiparéticos após AVC.
Relação entre a força de preensão manual e capacidade funcional após Acidente Vascular Cerebral
Authors: Silva Soraia Micaela , Corrêa João Carlos Ferrari , Braga Camila Da Silva , Silva Paula Fernanda Costa da , Corrêa Fernanda Ishida
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Analisar a relação entre a força de preensão manual (FPM) e a capacidade funcional após as sequelas oriundas do Acidente Vas­cular Cerebral (AVC). Método. Avaliou-se a FPM de 35 hemiparé­ticos crônicos, e em seguida foram aplicadas a escala de Fugl-Meyer, que avalia a recuperação sensório-motora, a Medida de Independência Funcional, que avalia o grau de independência funcional nas ativida­des motoras, e o Timed Up and Go, indicativo de mobilidade fun­cional. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados. Houve correlação positiva de forte magni­tude entre a FPM e a recuperação sensório-motora (r=0,7; p=0,001), e correlação negativa moderada entre a FPM e mobilidade funcional (r=-0,4; p=0,02). Contudo, não houve correlação entre a FPM e a independência (r=0,3; p=0,11). Conclusão. Após análise, encontrou­-se nesta população indícios de que a FPM tem forte relação com a recuperação sensório-motora após AVC, e é um indicativo moderado da mobilidade funcional.
ТОПОСНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МОДЕЛЕЙ ХРОНОТОПУ В ІСТОРИЧНОМУ РОМАНІ П. ЗАГРЕБЕЛЬНОГО «РОКСОЛАНА»
Authors: Нестеренко Н.П.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the topological characteristics of models of the chronotope of a historical novel by P. Zagrebelny «Roxolanа».

The purpose of the article is to highlight and characterize in the historical novel by P. Zagrebelny «Roxolanа» the key topos, which, through conceptualizing symbolic content, help to trace the relationship between the outer and inner spaces of the characters.

One of the topical aspects of the study of the artist’s historical works was the study of their chronotope organization, which is explained by the true originality of many writer's works in terms of their spatial dimensions.

The interpretation of chronotope through the category of event made it possible to introduce the concept of «chronotope model», which refers to a typical event, which is depicted in the plane of one work several times in relation to different heroes or the same hero or in the plane of different works. To represent this event, the author can choose different topographic and chronic parameters, while maintaining the invariant nature of the event. The conceptualisation of the symbolic content of key novel topos is deepened by the generalized, fundamental artistic realization of the author’s concept of «time as eternity».

Models of chronotopes of the main characters: fights, atonement, victories, defeats, escapes, insights are realized by P. Zagrebelny in the novel «Roksolana» in the following topos: seas, rivers, rivers, mirrors, wells; pillar, columns, ladders, gates; islands, harem, hamam, palace Topkapі, ruin; stone, circle.

The water topos in P. Zagrebelny’s historical novel «Roxolanа» has a double meaning: 1) the water element acts as a symbol of spiritual death and rebirth; 2) the water element acts as a power that can punish for sins.

Topos of pillars, columns, ladders, gates in P. Zagrebelny’s historical novel, «Roxolanа», are associated with the symbol of the World Tree, which is characteristic of many peoples’ worldview, and correlates with the world axis, acting as one of the variants of division into Heaven and Earth.

Topos of harem, hanum, palace Topkapі are connected with the organization of the personal space of Roksolana, which is marked by a closed structure.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТНОСТІ ДІВЧАТ ЮНАЦЬКОГО ВІКУ З РІЗНИМ СТАВЛЕННЯМ ДО ЗОВНІШНОСТІ
Authors: Меднікова Г. , Даниленко H.
Published: February 2020

Relevance of the problem:Attitude to appearance of a modern day person is strongly presses by mass media communications, advertisement, movie industry, and so forth. Making appearance of high value and significance leads to dissatisfaction of many people with their proper physical appearance, psychological and psychic diseases against the given dissatisfaction actualizing the issue of searching the factors of resilience to the external pressure, development of abilities to create proper evaluation criteria and activity direction.

Aimoftheresearch: Definition of specificity of the teenage girls’ subjectivity with different correlation of satisfaction and anxiety of proper appearance.

Methods: Two blocks of methods used: block of attitude to appearance and subjectivity block (213 girls of 19-21 years old); cluster and single-factor analysis of variance, Kruskall-Wallis test.

Results of the research. There are distinctions by every measure of attitude to appearance in the groups of girls different by satisfaction and anxiety of proper physical appearance. The highest measures of subjectivity concerning its components were found in the group of girls satisfied and unanxious of their physical appearance, and the lowest ones – in the group of girls with average and low level of satisfaction and anxiety of their physical appearance. The girls anxious of their appearance without regard to the level of satisfaction with their appearance differ by the most expressed external casual orientation and quasi-reflection, the least expressed introspection, behavior orientation to social desirability, external regularities and demands, tendency to fixation on the present events, defensive closedness of self-attitude.
Tactile design of manipulator fingers based on fingertip/textilefriction-induced vibration stimulations
Authors: LIU YANHUI , ZHU GUOQING , LIU ZHENGQIN , HU XINYI , JIANG RUITAO
Published: February 2020

Textile-like soft and flexible products are widely used in our daily life. Understanding the relationship between the tactilesensations of textiles and the tactile stimuli is essential for developing humanoid robot’s finger haptic system, especiallyfor certain kind of robot systems such as service robots and exploratory robots. This paper built a frequency space thatcan qualitatively represent a roughness sensation of textiles by a developing independently random match algorithm incombination with neurophysiological features of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. The experimental results show that thesum of amplitude in frequency range between 18 and 118 Hz can effectively describe the roughness sensory of textilewith accuracies of 98.5%. In other words, by applying the sum of amplitude in frequency range between 18 and 118 Hzcould successfully match roughness sensation of textiles, and it will help engineer of humanoid robot design manipulatorfinger haptic system in textile field.
Investigation of the technical and physical properties of metal composite 1×1 rib knitted fabrics
Authors: İLKAN ÖZKAN
Published: February 2020

In this study, it was aimed to determine electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, antibacterial activity, surface resistivityand bending rigidity properties of 1×1 rib knitted fabrics. For this purpose, copper (Cu), stainless steel (SS) and silver(Ag) wires were commingled with two nylon filaments to produce metal composite yarns. 1×1 rib fabrics were producedby these composite yarns. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE), antibacterial activity, surface resistivity andbending rigidity of the composite knits were measured. Electromagnetic shielding measurements of samples wereconducted between 1.0–5.0 GHz frequency. Antibacterial activity test was applied according to AATCC 100 standardagainst K. pneumoniae and S. aureus bacteria. Results showed that knitted fabrics generally have lower SE values than10 dB at wale direction. The double layer samples provide higher EMSE than single layer samples for all metal types.Maximum EMSE value was obtained as 57.12 dB. The use of metal wire significantly reduced surface resistivity ofknitted fabrics. Copper composite knitted fabrics showed 99 % antibacterial activity against both bacterial species. Whencompared to the control sample, the use of metal wire significantly increased the rigidity of the samples.
Improving the perspectives on quality of life for adolescents with cerebralpalsy by medical textile
Authors: SPOREA CORINA , FLORESCU MARGARETA STELA , ORZAN OLGUTA ANCA , CRISTESCU IOAN
Published: February 2020

The quality of life (QoL) can be defined as the individual’s perception of his own existence, both from the point of viewof the physical integrity of the body’s structures and of functionality too, as well as of the activity, respectively thecapability of performing tasks, and of the participation, regarded as the involvement in the life situations.From a medical perspective, the quality of life assessment is an indicator that provides important information, closelyrelated to the improvement of the health status and the effectiveness of the therapeutic-rehabilitative interventions. Thetextile sector by research-development activities and by its numerous projects and accomplishments in the bio-materials, biotechnologies and medical device, showed a steady focus, in close relation to the medical field, on disabledpersons’ quality of life and on the facilitation of their social and professional integration. The aim of rehabilitative interventions is to obtain the best possible physical and mental health, allowing each patient tobuild social relationships with family and community and, on the other hand, to acquire professional skills for being ableto find a suitable job which will improve his wellbeing and quality of life.This paper presents how adolescents with cerebral palsy and their parents/caregivers perceive the quality of life of theadolescent taking into consideration the activity limitations and the participation restrictions.The results of the study showed the existence of discrepancies between adolescents’ and parents’ reports regarding theQoL, with adolescents’ reporting a higher QoL than did their parents.Optimism and positive thinking can be seen as augmentation factors of the therapeutic interventions’ effects byincreasing the adolescent’s involvement in the rehabilitation process, having as direct benefit early and better results.
РУЛЕВОЙ ПРИВОД ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА С ИЗМЕНЯЕМОЙ НЕЧЕТКИМ КОНТРОЛЛЕРОМ ПОЛОСОЙ ПРОПУСКАНИЯ
Authors: Замыслов М.А. , Zamyslov M.A. , Мальцев А.М. , Maltsev A.M. , Михайленко С.Б. , Mikhaylenko S.B. , Тарасов С.В. , Tarasov S.V. , Штанькова Н.В. , Shtankova N.V.
Published: February 2020

Предложен способ построения рулевого привода летательного аппарата с изменяемой нечетким контроллером полосой пропускания. Рассмотрен вариант реализации способа на примере рулевого привода с изодромной обратной связью, проведено его моделирование с использованием расширений Simulink и Fuzzy Logic Toolbox программы MATLAB и показана возможность его применения в интересах повышения безопасности полетов в турбулентной атмосфере.
ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЕ ИННОВАЦИИ В СКЛАДСКОЙ ЛОГИСТИКЕ
Authors: Тиверовский В.И. , Tiverovsky V.I.
Published: February 2020

Представлены зарубежные инновации в складской логистике в свете реализации концепции 4-й промышленной революции. Большое внимание уделено цифровизации, автоматизации и роботизации в складской логистике. Приведены примеры инноваций, которые экспонировались на международных выставках 2019 г
ОБЩАЯ МЕТОДИКА ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ МНОГОФАКТОРНОГО АНАЛИЗА ПРИ РЕШЕНИИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАДАЧ АВТОРЕМОНТНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Арифуллин И.В. , Arifullin I.V. , Терентьев А.В. , Terent’ev A.V.
Published: February 2020

Развитие технологий получения экспериментальных данных приводит к необходимости повышать качество методов исследования, в том числе методов математического моделирования. При математическом планировании эксперимента необходимо выбрать математическую модель исследуемого процесса или объекта, то есть выбрать вид функции, связывающий параметр оптимизации с факторами влияния. В статье представлены широко известные аналитические и эмпирические методы математического моделирования, а также разработанные авторским коллективом.
IMPACT OF SEASONAL MIGRATION ON CHILDREN OF A SCHEDULED CASTE COMMUNITY IN WESTERN ODISHA, INDIA
Authors: Biswal Madan
Published: February 2020

Seasonal migration is rampant among the scheduled caste population of western Odisha, India. Due to dearth of employment opportunities and caste-based livelihood barriers, the scheduled caste people of Bargarh district migrate heavily to other states and to other districts of the same state for a period of about six to seven months. Children are one of the most affected sections of the seasonal migration. The present study makes an analysis of children’s situation of the migrant families both at the place of origin and place of destination. The study shows that the children who are left behind in the village are neglected, face educational hurdles and sometime remain engaged in economic activities at an early age and eke out hard for a living. The migrant children lead a sub-standard living in unhygienic environment and are exploited by the employer being engaged in work in odd hours of the day. They are deprived of the government sponsored facilities like immunization and vaccination at the place of destination and face health hazards, under nutrition and physical exploitation.

KEY WORDS: seasonal migration, children, poverty, deprivation, education, health
ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF THE ORGANIZATIONS “ITTIHADI TARAKKIY” AND “NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE” AGAINST THE SOVIET SYSTEM
Authors: Ubaydullaev Uktamjon Kodirovich
Published: February 2020

In this article is investigated establishment and functioning of the organizations “national charge” and “national independence” against the soviet system by the helping archive sources and historical literatures as well.
KEY WORDS: establishment, organization, soviet system, national scientists, Jadids, soviet government.
The importance of health advocacy in Canadian postgraduate medical education: current attitudes and issues
Authors: Poulton Alexander , Rose Heather
Published: February 2020

Background: Health advocacy is currently a key component of medical education in North America. In Canada, Health Advocate is one of the seven roles included in the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada’s CanMEDS competency framework.Method: A literature search was undertaken to determine the current state of health advocacy in Canadian postgraduate medical education and to identify issues facing educators and learners with regards to health advocacy training.Results:  The literature revealed that the Health Advocate role is considered among the least relevant to clinical practice by educators and learners and among the most challenging to teach and assess. Furthermore learners feel their educational needs are not being met in this area. A number of key barriers affecting health advocacy education were identified including limited published material on the subject, lack of clarity within the role, insufficient explicit role modeling in practice, and lack of a gold standard for assessment. Health advocacy is defined and its importance to medical practice is highlighted, using pediatric emergency medicine as an example.Conclusions: Increased published literature and awareness of the role, along with integration of the new 2015 CanMEDS framework, are important going forward to address concerns regarding the quality of postgraduate health advocacy education in Canada.
Resilience, stress, and coping among Canadian medical students
Authors: Rahimi Behruz , Baetz Marilyn , Bowen Rudy , Balbuena Lloyd
Published: February 2020

Background: Numerous studies have established that medical school is a stressful place but coping styles and resilience have not been adequately addressed as protective factors.Method: Using a cross-sectional design, 155 students were surveyed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and the Canadian Community Health Survey Coping Scale.  Mean scores were compared by gender and between our sample and normative scores using t-tests.  Multivariate linear regression was performed to examine whether stress levels were related to coping and resilience.Results:  Medical students had higher perceived stress, negative coping, and lower resilience than age and gender-matched peers in the general population.   Male medical students had higher positive coping scores than general population peers and higher resilience, and lower perceived stress than female medical students. Coping scores did not vary by gender in our sample.  The multivariate model showed that resilience and negative, but not positive coping, predicted stress.Conclusions: Medical students are neither more resilient nor better equipped with coping skills than peers in the population.  Greater emphasis on self-care among medical trainees is recommended.  Emphasizing the importance of self-care during medical training, whether by formal incorporation into the curriculum or informal mentorship, deserves further study.
Wakaf Uang dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Nanang Qosim
Published: February 2020

Waqf is a wakif legal act to separate and / or hand over some of his possessions to be used forever or for a certain period in accordance with his interests for the purposes of worship and / or general welfare according to the Shari'ah. Wakif is a Party who injects his property.Nazhir is a Party that receives wakaf's property from wakif to be managed and developed in accordance with its intended.PPAIW is the authorized official set by the Minister to make the Deed of Wakaf Pledge.

Keywords: Endowment and Money
Islam dan KDRT (Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Praktek Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga)
Authors: Abu Yazid Adnan Quthny
Published: February 2020

Cases of domestic violence or domestic violence are still a frequent phenomenon in people's lives. Not infrequently, the violence produces physical harm to the victim. The perpetrators of Violence often defend themselves with the rogue, what it does is a right guaranteed in culture and religion.In a patriarchal society, the act of domestic violence is often not a serious problem. In fact, not infrequently the women to close the meeting of the actions of his partner because it is considered a disgrace of the husband. In Indonesia, the biggest religion is Islam.Namun in the last 10 years, the number of domestic violence is quite alarming.A narrow religious understanding, as well as the women's permissive culture of domestic violence become one of the root causes of the problem, why such action is still ongoing. Islamic law, which in fact provides high positions for women, is much reduced to justify acts of domestic violence.

Keywords: Islam, KDART, Violence, Household Appliances
Implementasi Maslahah Mursalah sebagai Alternatif Hukum Islam dan Solusi Problematika Umat
Authors: Abu Yazid Adnan Quthny
Published: February 2020

In the approach of Islamic law, Maslahah mursalah is a proposition to establish a new problem that has not been explicitly mentioned in the main sources, the Qur’an and As-Sunnah, both accepted and rejected. Maslahah mursalah as an option for this legal proposition begins with the Passed away of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Along with this happened, the revelation of the Qur’an has stopped coming down, and the words of the Prophet have stopped too. Meanwhile, problems continue to develop from time to time along with the development of the community itself. This is where the idea of Maslahah mursalah emerges as an option for the proposition of Islamic law. Please note, in the application, Maslahah mursalah is based on benefit. Looking at the main basis of this argument, understanding and knowing about the theory of benefit becomes a necessity in the use of maslahah as a proposition of Islamic law. Maslahah is a concept that departs from the main purpose of Islamic law, known as maqashid as-sharia. According to Imam As-Syatibi, the main orientation of maqashid as-sharia is to provide protection and protection against five things, namely religion, self, lineage, reason, and wealth. These five aspects are very fundamental things in life, so that damage to one aspect alone will cause extraordinary negative implications. Thus, maslahah is the main consideration in evaluating the value of benefits and harm from a problem that has just emerged in people’s lives. An order to assess benefits and madharat, then weigh which one is greater, the benefits or the madharat (damage).

Keywords: Maslahah mursalah, law alternative, Islamic law
Wilayah Al-Faqīh dalam Politik Shī’ah
Authors: Fathullah
Published: February 2020

Historically the system of government of Shī‘ah refers to the imāmāh system, which is a political doctrine which states that the Islamic government after the death of the Prophet Muhammad was the absolute right of the ahl al-bait (family of the Prophet), namely Ali bin Abi Talib and eleven descendants. This is considered by many observers as not providing an opportunity for other parties to obtain the same rights, namely the right to be elected as the leader of the state. In Shī’ism, the term concept of the region of al-Faqīh (power of the faqīh), or an Islamic jurist, is known. With this new system, Shī‘ah Islam has begun a new chapter in a fairly democratic system of government. A system of government that practices the law of God, which is supervised by the experts of religious jurisprudence (faqīh), as in the practice of the al-Faqīh Region system, will outperform all systems of government that are unfair in this world. Because with a system of government like this, Muslims will avoid mistakes in carrying out the wheels of government.

Keywords: shi’ah, imamiyah, wilayah al-Faqih
Al-Faraidl
Authors: Abu Yazid Adnan Quthny
Published: February 2020

Al-Faraidl is a law of inheritance law in Islam originating from nash and ijtihad. This research is intended to examine the texts — both qathiy and dhanniy — and ijtihad with the library research approach, especially the review of the commentaries, hadith and ijtihad products (the efforts of friends and scholars in understanding / capturing the dhanniyas are from nash). The results of the review formulated that 25 heirs - whether from a marriage background, kinship or wala especially heirs who had selectively graduated from the hajb system - were divided into two categories, namely ash-al-furudl and ashabah. Al-furudl almuqaddarah — as patents of inheritance of ash-hab al-furudl — as many as six fardl, namely; 1/2, 1/3 (including 1/3 remaining), 2/3,¼, 1/6 and 1/8. Experts of inheritance of ashabah - who have the right to inherit the remainder of the fardl ash-hab al-furudl - are grouped into three parts, namely; bi an-nafs, bi al-ghair and maa al-ghair.

Keyword: al-faraidl, nash, ijtihad.
Ilmu Pengetahuan Sebagai Pilar Peradaban
Authors: Kustiana Arisanti
Published: February 2020

Islam is a rational religion and a scientific religion. As a rational and scientific religion the mark always lays the foundations that conform to scientific standards and can be proved by reason in various shari'ah and other rule provisions. Rasulullah Saw. as a carrier, spreader and proselytizer of Islamic Shari'a laid a solid foundation as a rational religion. This is seen in his words "religion is the intellect and imperfect of one's religion without using reason".As a rational religion, Islam declares its people to always base their activities with knowledge. Without the knowledge of worship is rejected. So Islam commands his people to read, study, research science, both in the perspective of Islamic religious sciences and other general sciences. They are very urgent and significant for the survival of Muslims and Muslims themselves. Science is the key to success (key of success) of all activities. Besides, science is also the standard of civilization left behind and passed on to the next generation.
On the initiation of a reference guide about Ukrainian educators of Kuban (1917–1932)
Authors: Hotkova Yuliia
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the contribution of educators to the development of cultural and educational life of the Kuban in 1917–1932 years are taken into account the general trend of revitalization pedagogical tehnykum [technical college] of Krasnodar, Krasnodar pedagogical institute by reviewing the activities of Ukrainian teachers in the territory of the North Caucasus region. Special attention is paid to the article people that formed the basis of teaching staq Kuban, who supported the introduction ukrainization, took direct part in its conduct in schools and universities, institutions, contributed to the publication of ukrainian books, creating houses, reading rooms, and teacher training courses and more. To date, the lack directory that would comprehensively and in detail revealed livelihoods ukrainian Kuban teachers, and this article is the first attempt in this direction.
Information rights: theoretical and system provisions
Authors: SELEZNIOVA O.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the research of the terminological correspondence of the notion of “information rights” with other related concepts, the need for the term “information rights” in the context of domestic and international law, the classification of information rights, the place of information rights in the system of generations of human and citizen rights.
Information relations in the judiciary of Ukraine
Authors: FURASHEV V. , SOLONCHUK I.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the problematic aspects of the legal protection of information relations in general and the transformation of information relations in the judicial system. There are many issues that are still not regulated at the legislative level and are interpreted ambiguously in scientific works. The article examines different points of view regarding the concept of information relations, author's understanding of the concept of information relation is proposed. The issue of integration of information relations, in particular, the importance and tasks of information relations in legal proceedings, is considered.
Moral and law for artificial intelligence and digital human: robotics laws and the “trolley problem”
Authors: RADUTNIY O.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the impact of the phenomena of artificial intelligence and digital human on the morality and the law of modern society and future generations, it is found out either artificial intelligence should be moral, or it is enough to comply with the requirements of current legislation. In comparison with the norms of criminal law (Article 39 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) some variants of solving the “trolley problem” for autonomous vehicles controlled by artificial intelligence have been proposed. Several efficiency aspects of the Isaac Asimov’ laws of robotics are investigated and improved. The question about a world religion under the patronage of comprehensive artificial intelligence has raised.
TOWARDS MEETING THE IATA-AGREED 1.5% AVERAGE ANNUAL FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2020: THE CURRENT PROGRESS BEING MADE BY U.S. AIR CARRIERS
Authors: Cho Kit Sum , Li Guanying , Bardell Nicholas
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this paper is to see if airlines in general, and U.S. air-carriers in particular, are meeting their IATA-agreed 1.5% average annual fuel efficiency improvements between 2010 and 2020. To assess the fuel efficiency performance, a quantitative analysis was performed using data provided by ICAO, IATA and the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) Form 41 Schedules P 12(a) and T-2. The metric used to assess fuel efficiency is the one advanced by ICAO, namely Litres per Revenue Tonne Kilometre performed. Trends are examined over an extended timeframe to establish annual fuel efficiency improvements. The findings show that the overall performance of U.S. air-carriers from 2010 to 2018 has just met IATA’s 1.5% target with a 1.52% year-upon-year annual fuel efficiency improvement, with domestic operations showing a greater level of improvement than international operations. Such performance suggests that the U.S.A, and by inference, the rest of the world, are just likely to meet their IATA target by 2020. This achievement has largely been made possible through industry’s tremendous efforts to enhance aircraft engine technologies, implement operational improvements, and reduce airframe weight through the extensive application of composite materials.
A Pilot Study to Investigate the Effect of a Simulation Strategy on the Clinical Decision Making of Midwifery Students
Authors: Cioffi Jane , Purcal Nita , Arundell Fiona
Published: February 2020

The actual effect of the use of simulations on clinical decision making is inconclusive. This pilot study used a posttest design to determine the effect of a simulation strategy on the clinical decision-making process of midwifery students. Thirty-six graduate diploma students volunteered and were randomly assigned to two groups, with the experimental group receiving two simulation sessions (normal labor and physiological jaundice), and the control group receiving the two usual lectures. The main findings were that students who received the simulation strategy collected more clinical information, revisited collected clinical information less, made fewer formative inferences, reported higher confidence levels, and for the posttest normal labor simulation, reached a final decision more quickly. Such effects are reasonable for this type of intervention with the existent variability in each group. Further research with a larger sample size and more rigorous data collection strategies is required.
Companionship and Education: A Nursing Student Experience in Palliative Care
Authors: Kwekkeboom Kristine L. , Vahl Cheryl , Eland Joann
Published: February 2020

Currently, major deficiencies exist in undergraduate nursing education for end-of-life care. Nursing students report feeling anxious and unprepared to be with patients who are dying. A Palliative Care Companion program that allows undergraduate nursing students to volunteer to spend time with patients at the end of life provides a unique educational opportunity to enhance students' knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care. In addition, the program offers a service to patients and families by providing a nonmedical, caring human presence to patients who may be alone, lonely, or bored. In accordance with tenets of Experiential Learning Theory, a Palliative Care Companion program was developed and revised using feedback from initial participants and facilitators. Data collected during the first two semesters indicated increased knowledge of palliative care, improved attitudes about care at the end of life, and fewer concerns about providing nursing care to dying patients, when participating students were compared to their undergraduate peers.
Development and Testing of a CD-ROM Based Tutorial for Nursing Students: Getting Ready for HIPAA
Authors: Feeg Veronica D. , Bashatah Adel , Langley Christena
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a CD-ROM tutorial for nursing students to educate them on how the rules and regulations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) affect them as they engage in patient care activities in hospitals. The project was completed in two parts, the first of which was production of a stand-alone, audio lecture, image and text self-instruction on CD-ROM to distribute to students as they began their clinical experience. The second part compared the effectiveness of learning the HIPAA content via CD-ROM to a text-directed, self study method.

Students were pretested and randomly assigned to one of the types of instruction based on their seminar group assignment. One group received the CD-ROM,
Getting Started with HIPAA,
along with a journal article on HIPAA, while the other (control) group received only the journal article. All students were instructed to prepare for a test on their understanding about HIPAA by the end of the clinical rotation. The test was analyzed, and items clarified to yield a reliable Web-based examination with 20 questions, 18 of which were used in the analysis. The students' scores were analyzed before and after the instruction, and the methods of instruction were compared.

The study findings demonstrated significant differences between experimental-group and control-group students' performance on a knowledge test of HIPAA, as well as overall satisfaction with learning the material by CD-ROM among students who used it. The tutorial is now available for all students, and the Web-based examination provides automatic scoring to a preestablished competence level.
Social Justice as a Framework for Professional Nursing
Authors: Boutain Doris M.
Published: February 2020

A persistent connection exists between health disparity and societal inequality. Since more research is designed to document, rather than alter, those trends, nurses are called on to reinvest in a social justice agenda. An educational focus on social justice is necessary to prepare future nurses to address health concerns related to how societies are structured. This article reports on how social justice was used as a framework to teach concepts related to professional nursing. The course structure is described, a focus on how the course content was taught is outlined, and conclusions are drawn. Linking content on social justice to professional nursing is important because research indicates that, if societal relationships are more equal, population health indicators between diverse groups become more stable nationally and globally.
The Effect of Teaching Method on Long-Term Knowledge Retention
Authors: Beers Geri W. , Bowden Susan
Published: February 2020

Choosing a teaching strategy that results in knowledge retention on the part of learners can be challenging for educators. Studies on problem-based learning (PBL) have supported its effectiveness, compared to other, more traditional strategies. The results of a previous study comparing the effect of lecture versus PBL on objective test scores indicated there was no significant difference in scores. To measure long-term knowledge retention, the same groups were evaluated 1 year after instruction. The posttest administered in the original study was repeated, and the scores from a comprehensive adult health examination and the endocrine subsection were analyzed. At an alpha level of 0.05, a statistically significant difference was found in the scores on two of the measures. The scores of the PBL group were significantly higher on the endocrine section of the examination and the repeat posttest.
Effect of CaSO4 Dissolution-Precipitation Time on Formation of Porous Carbonate Apatite as Bone Replacement Material
Authors: Yosi Kusuma Eriwati , Dede Arsista , Siti Triaminingsih , Sunarso
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Carbonate apatite type B (C-Ap) has been used as a bone replacement material because of its osteoconductive properties. Clinically, the pores formed in bone replacement material aid in cell mobility and nutrient supply, thereby increasing the bone regeneration ability. CO32- ions found in this material are useful for maintaining a stable physiological environment in the bone in order for it to be easily absorbed by osteoclasts. Porous C-Ap type B is formed using the dissolution–precipitation method by immersing porous anhydrous CaSO4 in a mixture of carbonate and phosphate solutions. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion ofCaSO4using the dissolution–precipitation method on the formation of porous C-Ap type B with calcium sulfate precursor hemihydrate. Method: Porous C-Ap type B was produced usinga mixture of calcium sulfate hemihydrate precursors with 50 wt% polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) porogen and distilled water. After hardening, the calcium sulfate dihydrate containing PMMA was burned in an oven at 700°C for 4 h to remove the PMMA. The specimen was immersed in a mixture of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Phase testing through X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation at 40 kV and 40 mA was performed. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used for detecting the functional groups of CO32- and PO42-. Results: XRD results showed the formation of C-Ap at 6 and 12 h, but the anhydrous CaSO4 phase remained; alternatively, this phase was absent after 24 h of immersion phase andFTIR showed the presence of the functional groups of CO32- compounds. Conclusion: Porous C-Ap type B can be formed from CaSO4 precursors after 24 h of immersion using the dissolution–precipitation method.
The PARTIAL ACHIEVEMENT OF THE 90-90-90 UNAIDS TARGET IN A COHORT OF HIV INFECTED PATIENTS FROM CENTRAL ITALY.
Authors: Schiaroli Elisabetta
Published: February 2020

Despite progress in the prevention and treatment of HIV, persistent issues concerning the evaluation of continuum in care from the serological diagnosis to virologic success remain.

Considering the UNAIDS target 90-90-90 for 2020 for treatment and viral suppression of people living with HIV (PLVH), our purpose was to verify if, starting from diagnosis, the viral suppression rate of our cohort of new PLWH satisfied the above targets.

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare 2005-2017 data collected at the Perugia Infectious Diseases Clinic with the 2020 UNAIDS 90 targets and to identify risk factors that could be associated with failure to reach these targets.

Methods:  We included all patients aged ≥15 undergoing HIV test at our clinic between January 2005 and December 2017. We evaluated the unclaimed tests, linkage to care, retention in ART and the viral suppression at 1 and 2 years from starting ART. Data were analyzed between Italians and foreigners.

Results: We observed 592 new diagnoses for HIV infection: 61.4% on Italian-natives, 38.5% on foreigners. Considering the continuum of care from diagnosis, 88 (15%) PLWHIV were lost to engagement in care: 55 (9.2%) patients didn’t withdraw the test and 33 (5.5%)  didn’t link to care.

An antiretroviral treatment was started only on 78.8% of the new diagnoses (467/592) and a viral suppression was obtained at 2 years on 82% of PLWH who had started ART (383/467) namely only 64.7% of the new diagnoses instead of the hoped-for 81% of the UNAIDS target. We found no significant differences between Italians and foreigners

Conclusions

UNAIDS goal was very far to be reached. The main challenges were unreturned tests as well as the retention in ART. Rapid tests for a test-treat strategy and frequent phone communications in the first ART years could facilitate UNAIDS target achievement.
Почему так разительно отличается микроструктура главного импульса и интеримпульса пульсара в Крабовидной туманности?
Authors: Kontorovich Viktor Moiseevich
Published: February 2020

Пульсары представляют собой замагниченные нейтронные звезды, они не разрешаются современными радиотелескопами и изучаются только по излучению, исходящему из областей магнитных полюсов. Это узконаправленное излучение благодаря вращению принимается в виде импульсов. В небольшом числе пульсаров, где магнитная ось почти ортогональна оси вращения (простейшая гипотеза), наблюдаются импульсы от обоих полюсов - (главный) импульс и интеримпульс. К таким объектам относится в первую очередь пульсар в Крабовидной туманности, наблюдавшийся на многих частотах электромагнитного спектра.
В замечательной работе Хэнкинса и Айлек было обнаружено (к удивлению самих авторов: "In traditional pulsar models ...the MP and IP should be the same in their observable quantities (such as spectrum, time signature, or dispersion). We were - and remain - quite surprised that this turns out not to be the case in the Crab pulsar." - T. H. Hankins, J. A. Eilek,
"Radio emission signatures in the Crab pulsar",
Astrophys. J.,
670:1 (2007), 693-701) разительное отличие спектров главного импульса и интеримпульса пульсара в Крабовидной туманности в сантиметровом диапазоне длин волн при микросекундном разрешении. В частности, в спектрах главного импульса наблюдался широкий диапазон частот, образующий "вертикальные структуры", в то время как в спектрах интеримпульса на тех же частотах наблюдались "горизонтальные структуры" с выделенными частотами. Такое различие, связанное с различием механизмов излучения (нерелятивистское излучение электронов в продольном ускоряющем поле (главный импульс) и релятивистское излучение позитронов за счет кривизны магнитных силовых линий (интеримпульс)), находит объяснение в смене нерелятивистского механизма на релятивистский при возрастании частоты. Причем частоты, на которых происходит смена механизма, отличаются для главного импульса и интеримпульса. Частота наблюдения в работе Хэнкинса и Айлек как раз лежит между этими частотами, с чем и связано различие в микроструктуре.
Občutljivost evalvacijskih praks za vrste, stopnje in področja študijskih programov
Authors: Širok Jernej
Published: February 2020

Kakovost v visokem šolstvu je relativna in funkcionalna. Razpeta je med različne interese in hkrati vse manj zavezana univerzi lastnemu jeziku, logiki in vrednotam. Empirična raziskava evalvacijskih praks v Sloveniji prikazuje občutljivost kakovosti za razlike med stopnjami in vrstami študijskih programov ter disciplinami, v katere so študijski programi vpeti. Intrinzična raznoličnost študija je izpeljana tako iz pristopov v visokošolskem izobraževanju, specialnih didaktik in razlik med disciplinami kot iz razlik, ki jih opredeljujejo področni predpisi. Rezultati raziskave na podlagi analize vrednostnih sodb o kakovosti v končnih evalvacijskih poročilih strokovnjakov v postopkih podaljšanja akreditacije študijskih programov sporočajo, da kritičnost in pogostost kvalitativnih poudarkov strokovnjakov slabo sledita nujnostim intrinzičnih posebnosti vrst in stopenj študijskih programov, še posebej pa njihove vpetosti v različne discipline. Ker tudi področna primernost skupin strokovnjakov pri tem skorajda ne nadoknadi neobčutljivosti področnih predpisov za intrinzične posebnosti študija, kakovost ogroža svojevrstnost praks in procesov v visokem šolstvu.