bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homens judeus e relações de gênero na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Kosminsky Ethel V.
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho, pretendemos discutir as relações de gênero, mostrando o lado daquele que é visto como “dominante”, isto é, o ponto de vista masculino. Pretendemos mostrar que o masculino não é único. Os homens e o masculino não constituem um grupo homogêneo, como se depreende das relações dos homens entre si, e das relações entre os homens e as mulheres. O nosso objetivo é, dentro dessa perspectiva, discutir as relações de gênero de entrevistados judeus, imigrantes e seus descendentes, residentes na cidade de São Paulo. Com essa finalidade, utilizando a técnica da “bola de neve”, coletamos entrevistas em profundidade com homens judeus de três faixas etárias, ocupando diferentes posições sociais e também de origens diversas no ano de 2004. A análise das entrevistas com mulheres judias será relacionada com as dos homens, buscando estabelecer comparações, diferenças e semelhanças. Muito embora esta seja uma pesquisa qualitativa, os seus resultados serão comparados com os resultados da análise demográfica referente a determinados padrões de comportamento encontrados no país.
A sombra os acolherá
Authors: Florêncio Lucas
Published: March 2021

Descia do céu o véu inconfundível do entardecer, embora os ponteiros anônimos marcassem 4 horas da tarde. O vento dançava com os galhos e folhas de uma frondosa e antiquíssima arvore que havia sido plantada naquele largo há mais de um século, na época em que os escravos faziam dali um recanto único. O enorme Jacarandá fora plantado em lugar estratégico, pois suas colossais raízes se encostavam às paredes em taipa de pilão da Igreja Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Homens Pretos que havia sido erguida pelos mesmos braços negros que plantaram a frondosa árvore.
Análise matricial da mobilidade ocupacional
Authors: Berardi Rene Castro
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho será apresentada uma analise matricial da mobilidade ocupacional dos imigrantes chilenos no estado do Paraná, Brasil, no período 1980 ate 2011. Foi considerado como processo de mobilidade a posição profissional que tinham no país de origem e a posição obtida no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada foi a de Matrizes de Mobilidade, quantificando a mobilidade ascendente, descendente, imobilidade e condições de êxito e não-êxito. O trabalho conclui que o fato de imigrar para o Brasil permitiu que os imigrantes chilenos obtivessem condições de crescer profissionalmente, já que se movimentaram para categorias iguais e superiores com relação à que ocupavam no Chile, o qual foi resultante da abertura mostrada pelo mercado de trabalho brasileiro para a maioria dos imigrantes, assim como do bom nível profissional disponível
Apresentação
Authors: Revista Travessia
Published: March 2021

Envolvendo trabalho, política, imaginário, saúde, cultura, redes, desejos, gênero, etc. desde Marcel Mauss ([1950], 2005) e Abdelmaleck Sayad (1998) se compreende a migração como um fato social total. Isto é, um fato histórico que preserva características sociais e sociológicas próprias, mas que alcança e envolve as mais diversas relações institucionais e sociabilidades cotidianas de migrantes e não migrantes.
Mulheres em movimento
Authors: Waldman Tatiana Chang , Morales Maria Angélica Beghini
Published: March 2021

A proposta deste artigo é apresentar o Projeto de História Oral do Museu da Imigração intitulado “Mulheres em movimento: migração e mobilização feminina no estado de São Paulo”, que teve início em julho de 2015. Desde então já foram realizadas entrevistas com oito mulheres migrantes, todas residentes na cidade de São Paulo, de diferentes idades, origens (até o momento entrevistamos mulheres de países da América do Sul, como Bolívia, Chile e Peru), e com trabalhos e projetos em diversas áreas de atuação. O projeto foi elaborado a partir da observação de uma crescente mobilização e conquista de espaços, especialmente nos últimos anos, por parte das mulheres migrantes na cidade de São Paulo. A proposta é refletir sobre o processo migratório e a experiência da mobilidade da perspectiva feminina e de gênero.
Pensando eticamente sobre refugiados
Authors: Frost Mervyn , Martuscelli Patrícia Nabuco
Published: March 2021

Todos nós, participantes da política global contemporânea, enfrentamos uma série de problemas basicamente éticos envolvendo refugiados. Esses problemas éticos apresentados a nós estão se tornando mais urgentes a cada dia. As perguntas estão se tornando mais aguçadas como resultado da grande onda de refugiados entrando na Europa devido à atual guerra que ocorre na Síria. Nesse artigo, pretendo realizar três coisas. Primeiro, mostrarei que, no caso dos refugiados, os problemas devem ser entendidos essencialmente como problemas éticos e que, em sentido aprofundado, nós estamos perdendo tempo se continuarmos a ver os desafios apresentados pelos refugiados como meramente técnicos, legais, políticos, ou administrativos. Segundo, apresentarei um esboço de uma maneira que eu considero particularmente útil para entender os problemas apresentados a nós pelos refugiados. Esse modo de análise está baseado no que chamo de teoria constitutiva. Ela considera as práticas globais dentro das quais nós somos constituídos como atores que nós mesmos entendemos ser. Terceiro, tentarei esclarecer quais são as implicações desse modo de análise para aqueles que, como nós, estão preocupados com a pergunta: “O que deve ser feito em relação aos problemas apresentados pelos imigrantes considerando como os experimentamos no mundo contemporâneo?” A análise que ofereço é radical no sentido de que mostra como a linguagem que usamos sobre ética internacional, especialmente a linguagem universal de direitos humanos, indica como aspectos das legislações nacionais e internacionais necessitam urgentemente de reformas.
A presença húngara em São Paulo no pós Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Silva Diogo Gil Melo da , Bastos Sênia Regina , Salles Maria do Rosário Rolfsen
Published: March 2021

A Segunda Guerra Mundial produziu o deslocamento de milhões de europeus de suas regiões de origem. Finda a guerra, parte dos deslocados de guerra e refugiados foram abrigados provisoriamente nos antigos campos de concentração, fábricas ou construções abandonadas, cujas edificações foram adaptadas para acolhê-los. Organismos internacionais assumiram a responsabilidade por alimentá-los, abrigá-los, repatriá-los ou reassentá-los. O objetivo deste artigo é traçar as principais características dos húngaros que ingressaram na Hospedaria do Imigrante de São Paulo no pós Segunda Guerra Mundial, mediante a análise de um banco de dados que sistematiza a documentação anteriormente custodiada por essa instituição e atualmente transferida para o Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo.
Por que falar de imigração no Brasil?
Authors: Oliveira Márcia , Diémé Kassoum
Published: March 2021

A Profª. Márcia Maria de Oliveira que está envolvida nas questões migratórias há pelo menos duas décadas fala a respeito da imigração haitiana no Brasil, em particular na cidade de Manaus. Partindo de um olhar mais geral acerca da migração no mundo e dos desafios dos pesquisadores e dos estudos sobre este tema, ela se pronuncia sobre um elemento usualmente pouco explorado na atual imigração Brasileira: a situação da mulher haitiana enquanto migrante no norte brasileiro. Portanto, ela aponta a complexidade do fenômeno migratório haitiano, sugerindo também que a presença haitiana no Brasil não é uma casualidade nem resultou no que se poderia conceber como “uma benção” na ótica de boa parte dos imigrantes. Porém, a frustração parece atingir muito mais as mulheres para as quais um mercado de trabalho, pouco sonhado por elas, lhes abriu possibilidades mais do que qualquer outro no Brasil
Proteção internacional e meninas refugiadas
Authors: Santos Isabelle Dias Carneiro , Martuscelli Patrícia Nabuco
Published: March 2021

Os seres humanos, incluindo crianças, meninas e mulheres, migram pelas mais diversas razões tanto de maneira voluntária quanto por motivos forçados como conflitos armados e desastres ambientais. Dentre os migrantes forçados que mais crescem no mundo estão os refugiados, não apenas os adultos, mas também as crianças, que em função da sua pouca idade (menores de dezoito anos), são mais vulneráveis e possuem sua capacidade de agência não reconhecida, sobretudo as que são do sexo feminino, uma vez que as meninas se encontram, seja no campo teórico quanto na prática, em situação de invisibilidade protetiva. Diante desta realidade, urge que a sociedade internacional passe a atuar solidariamente para que as meninas refugiadas recebam a proteção necessária e tenham também capacidade de serem ouvidas nos processos que as concernem. Para tratar desta temática, foi utilizada metodologia qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, fazendo-se uso de doutrina, tratados e relatórios internacionais. Conclui-se que as meninas permanecem um grupo invisibilizado dentro das categorias de mulheres e crianças de modo que suas necessidades específicas não são devidamente consideradas, apesar de poderem ser analisadas como grupo específico que sofre perseguições especialmente por razão de sua idade e gênero.
Medical Students' Perception of Community-Based Education Research and Services (COBERS) In Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
Authors:   , Naali Ritah
Published: March 2021

Background: The success of the Community Based Education Research and services (COBERS) in Mbarara University of Science and Technology plays a fundamental role in improving the community's health, education, and economics by sharing knowledge obtained from projects and increases the student's interest and participation in research while fulfilling the mission and vision of the university. The Student's perception of the Program contributes to compliance by Students to work in rural areas upon graduation, increases trust from communities, enhances the behavioral change and decreases costs to health departments, and facilitates development and implementation of more effective public health interventions. Most published studies reporting students' perceptions of COBERS are mainly from the developed world and only a few in Africa including Uganda. This report explored the overall Students Perceptions of COBERS at Mbarara University of Science and Technology. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. The study involved thirty-three Medical students who were selected by purposive sampling. Data was collected using focused group discussions and analyzed manually to generate themes and subthemes. Results: Four themes emerged from eighteen categories describing Medical Students Perception of COBERS: An opportunity for interactions, the program is challenging, Attainment of skills, and an opportunity for interactions. These Qualitative findings reveal mixed feelings about COBERS. Conclusion: In conclusion, the four themes; An opportunity for interactions, the program is challenging, attainment of skills, an opportunity for translating theory to practice that emerged from eighteen categories were mostly expressions of perceptions of COBERS. These qualitative findings suggest that students' acceptance of COBERS as a requirement for Medical Schools is based on their perception of the expected outcome and the perceived benefits of their contribution to the community. These findings were from five focused group discussions where participants participated voluntarily in the study.
Knowledge Attitude and Practices Towards the Use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets Among Pregnant Women in Lukolo Health Center III Jinja District.
Authors:   , MUWOYA ARTHUR
Published: March 2021

Background: There are an estimated 25 million pregnancies in sub-Saharan Africa at risk of malaria, the consequences of which can be serious for both mother and fetus in terms of morbidity and mortality. The Government of Uganda (GOU) through the Ministry of Health (MOH) and implementing partners like the Global Fund and the Roll Back Malaria initiative were compelled to try to maximize the use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets (ITNs) to mitigate the effects of malaria among vulnerable populations. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used which involved both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and it involved 126 (one hundred twenty-six) respondents using self-administered questionnaires.  Data collected was thematically presented and analyzed using descriptive frequencies and percentages using Microsoft excel. Results: This study showed that pregnant mothers' knowledge of the use of insecticide-treated nets was good. However, the respondents' attitude towards the use of Insecticide-treated nets was poor/ negative as up-to 60% of them felt putting on the mosquito net was inconveniencing, 67% didn't think that it was important to sleep under an ITN when one had taken Fansidar at ANC. Also, the practice of pregnant mothers towards the use of ITNs was not good too as only (43%) of the mothers had ITNs. A big number (71%) couldn't afford them, and (10%) believed they didn't need them.  Important to note too, most (57%) mothers continued to use ITNS even when they had holes as, (3%) used it for other things like catching white ants. Conclusions and recommendations: The majority of the pregnant mothers' knowledge of the use of insecticide-treated nets was good as mothers could identify that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes. The government, through the Ministry of Health, should intensify the free distribution of nets by conducting frequent mass distribution campaigns in the country.
Increasing tourism through social entrepreneurship – the case of Croatia
Authors: Matošević Radić Mijana , Jukić Ivona , Roje Antonija
Published: March 2021

Social entrepreneurship is a relatively new topic of interest within the academic and the literature on it is limited. With the increase of interest in recent years from various interest groups, the concept of social enterprise has become more widespread. The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between social entrepreneurship and voluntourism, as one of the types of special interest tourism. Voluntourism, according to the concept of sustainable community development, relate all the stakeholders of such development. Moreover, social entrepreneurship could become an important vehicle for sustainable development of destinations. This paper proposes that niche tourism products and more specifically, voluntourism projects, under the prism of social entrepreneurship, can become the means towards Croatian product diversification and long-term environmental, social and economic sustainability. Quantitative research was conducted and the methodology entails a case study approach. Results indicate that there is a limited number of projects concerning social entrepreneurship in voluntourism in Croatia and also that discussed projects are not recognized. This study assessed the situation in Croatia and although it was comprehensive under conditions of limited data availability, it cannot speak to social entrepreneurship in voluntourism globally, but it can offer a foundation for future research in this area.
Puzzle dan Problem Solving: Media dan Pendekatan untuk Meningkatkan Partisipasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni , Amin Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan partisipasi aktif dan hasil belajar siswa setelah pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan problem solving melalui media puzzle. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini siswa kelas VII A di SMP Negeri 2 Alla. Kriteria keberhasilan untuk partisipasi aktif apabila ada 15 siswa pada tiap indikator, sedangkan untuk hasil belajar apabila nilai yang diperoleh 25 siswa mencapai nilai minimal 70 yakni batas nilai KKM. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Untuk menganalisis data dari hasil lembar observasi partisipasi aktif dan nilai rata-rata kelas mengunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan problem solving melalui media puzzle pada mata pelajaran PKn dapat meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil observasi peningkatan partisipasi aktif belajar siswa pada siklus II.
Factores Asociados a la no adherencia del tratamiento Antirretroviral en Pacientes con VIH en un hospital de Paraguay
Authors: A. Urizar César , Jarolin-Montiel Magali , Ayala-Servin Nicolás , Centurión-Wenninger Claudia , Montiel-Garcete Dora
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) es la base del tratamiento de pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y, hoy en día, la principal preocupación en relación con el control del VIH constituye la adherencia efectiva al tratamiento, para un tratamiento efectivo y una apropiada evaluación de los regímenes terapéuticos para poder realizar medidas correctivas y estratégicas.

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la falta de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes infectados con VIH que acuden al Hospital Nacional de Itauguá, septiembre 2016.

Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Se incluyeron 42 pacientes infectados con VIH con tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital Nacional de Itauguá. Se utilizó encuesta demográfica y cuestionario SMAQ para evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento, para el análisis se realizó la prueba Odds Ratio (OR) y se consideró una p<0,05 como significativa.

Resultados: Un total de 36 pacientes (86%) no son adherentes a su tratamiento. Se encontró una asociación significativa con presencia de efectos adversos (OR:8,29, IC95%: 1,25-54,71, p=0,044) y el olvido de la toma de la medicación durante el fin de semana (OR: 28,82, IC95%: I,45-556,I, p=0,003).

Conclusión: La tasa de falta de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral de los pacientes fue alta, y los factores asociados fueron la presencia de efectos adversos y el olvido de la toma de la medicación los fines de semana.
MODERN INFORMATION CHANNELS AS A MEANS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF COMMUNICATION IN A REAL ESTATE AGENCY
Authors: Duneva Emiliya
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the modern information channels in real estate agencies and their role in increasing the efficiency of communications between stakeholders. Good organization and coordination of all elements of the communication mix (advertising, sales promotion, public relations, personal sales) is also needed to increase the effectiveness of the communication policy in a real estate agency.
INTERACTION OF TEACHERS OF LANGUAGE SPECIALTIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Kabylova Madina
Published: March 2021

The article examines the methodology of the research presented on the basis of theoretical analysis of modern scientific literature on the subject, generalization of psychological and pedagogical research in the field of training future language specialists in the organization of the educational process. And also in this scientific work the level of methodological and theoretical bases of optimization of training in conditional realization of 12 - year obrozovaniye in R. K. is considered. In this connection, there was a need to improve the training of a competent teacher at the university, corresponding to the requirements of the time. The need to improve the level of scientific organization of professional activity of teachers is particularly emphasized. The paper highlights issues related to the organization of professional activities of personnel. It also provides for science-based planning of organizational scientific and methodological training of teachers. Shows naibolei the full use or scientific achievements of pedagogy, psiology and special sciences in the educational process. This allows you to clearly distribute the functions and coordination of efforts, create the necessary conditions, choose the optimal option of activity, stimulation, regulation, control and accounting. The relevance of research is due to the need for a scientifically based approach to solving these problems. The purpose of retraining and advanced training of teachers is indicated.
ОТКРЫТЫЕ И ЗАКРЫТЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ В РАЗВИТИИ КРИТИЧЕСКОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ НА УРОКАХ ИСТОРИИ
Authors: Пометун Елена , Гупан Нестор
Published: March 2021

В статье раскрывается роль вопросов як важного инструмента развития критического мышления учащихся в обучении истории. Утверждается, что разные типы вопросов выполняют в обучении разнообразные функции, стимулируя мышление детей и их активность в обучении. Обосновывается необходимость системной работы с вопросами и ее потенциал на уроке.
ПАНДЕМІЯ COVID-19, КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ СУЧАСНОГО ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ ТА ДЕГРАДАЦІЮ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Калюжна Юлія
Published: March 2021

В контексті аналізу сучасних глобалізаційних процесів, автором статті, визначено специфіку сучасного економічного мислення, домінантами якого є «необмежене економічне зростання та хиже споживання» і специфіку соціальної політики сучасних держав, деградація якої корелює з вимогами світового капіталізму «нескінченого росту та прогресу». В статті аргументовано доводиться теза про те, що масштаб і динаміка глобалізаційних процесів зумовили зміну світоглядної парадигми та ментальності сучасного суспільства призвівши до панування феномену екстрактивізму (асиметричних, антиномічних, заснованих на домінуванні відносин між людиною і природою, відносин, що передбачають лише «відбирання»), що обумовило настання глобальної екологічної кризи, зокрема, пандемічної кризи COVID-19. Автором статті наголошується на майбутніх ризиках глобальної екологічної кризи (кліматичної, міграційної, пандемічної, продовольчої та ін.), які ставлять під сумнів можливості існування людини, відповідно до наративів сучасної Цивілізації.
ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ КРУГ ЛАХОРА ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XI И НАЧАЛЕ XII ВЕКОВ
Authors: Сайдализода Шодмон
Published: March 2021

В статье автор подверг рассмотрению и изучению деятельность литературного круга Лахора во второй половине XI и начале XII веков. После образования исламского государства в Индии и переноса его столицы в город Лахор персидский язык получил статус официального государственного языка и этот случай создал благоприятное условие для распространения этого языка на территории образованного государства Газневидов в этом крае. Для распространения и большого авторитета персидского языка также важную роль сыграло переселение людей из западных районов государства Газневидов в Индию. Среди персоязычных мусульман-переселенцев, переселение которых в Лахор началось со времён правления султана Махмуда, были поэты, писатели, мыслители, суфии, учёные исламского шариата и другие. Автор статьи отмечает, что персоязычный литературный круг, формировавшийся в первой половине XI-начале XII вв. в Лахоре, имел общность, но и различие от литературных кругов Ирана, Хорасана и Мавераннахра. Его представители Абульфарадж Руни, Мас’уд Са’д Салман, Усман Мухтори, Ато ибн Я’куб и другие внесли достойный вклад не только в дальнейшей эволюции персоязычной литературы Индии, но и в развитие персидско-таджикской литературы в целом.
СТИЛИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ В СКУЛЬПТУРНЫХ ПОРТРЕТАХ ЛАЗАРЯ ДУБИНОВСКОГО, СОЗДАННЫХ В 30-50-е гг. ХХ ВЕКА
Authors: Мариян Анна
Published: March 2021

Скульптор-документалист и романтик своего времени, маэстро Лазарь Дубиновский (1.05.1910, город Фэлешть - 29.11.1982, Кишинев) практиковал портрет, преимущественно в станковой скульптуре. Скульптор проявил себя в период искусства сурового социалистического реализма. Его профессиональная подготовка проходила в Школе изящных искусств в Бухаресте, где его наставниками были Димитрие Пачуря и Оскар Хан. На его творчестве также ощутилось влияние Антуана Бурделя, в мастерской которого он совершенствовал своё искусство в Париже. В 1951–1953 годах Лазарь Дубиновский работает в мастерской известного скульптора-монументалиста Е. Вучетича в Москве. Хронологически портреты 30-40-х годов созданы в лучших традициях румынской скульптурной школы, а в скульптурах 50-х годов документализм носит подавляющий характер. Скульптор оставил богатое художественное наследие, ценность которого является актуальным предметом изучения для искусствоведов.
PROFESSIONAL VALUE OF THE SCHOOL GREENHOUSE
Authors: Issokova Altyn , Tleubayev Zhaksibay
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the professional activity of the greenhouse at school, about the greenhouse development. The greenhouse in the school is not only experimental work in biology lesson and for young naturalists, and is a center for the study of morphology and physiology of plants, and the greenhouse should also become a production laboratory for growing vegetables and crops. Labor education and professional training of the younger generation is an important component in the field of the general education at school. Students realize that in society through work can be achieve great success.
ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS INFLUENCING DENTAL HEALTH IN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Ismatov Farrukh , Ibragimov Davron , Gaffarov Usmon , Iskhakova Zukhra , Valieva Farangiza , Kuchkorov Firdavs
Published: March 2021

The aim of the study was to study the dental health of university students in Samarkand and assess the impact of organizational, medical and social risk factors on it. A comprehensive examination of the dental health of students in the city of Samarkand was carried out. The research took place between Institutions of Higher Education. The total number of students is 574. The following universities participated: Samarkand Medical Institute and Samarkand State University among which there were 193 students of the 1st year, 175 students of the 2nd year, 206 students of the 3rd year, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries was revealed, which was 91.87 ± 1.30%. ... The intensity of the carious process was 5.31 ± 0.14 teeth at 8.34 ± 0.26 of the surface, signs of periodontal tissue diseases were revealed with an intensity of 3.88 ± 0.06 segment. 53.05 ± 2.37% of students had dentoalveolar anomalies and deformities,
REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF DETECTION OF NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER
Authors: Vladanov Ivan , Plesacov Alexei , Ghicavii Vitalii
Published: March 2021

Recently white light cystoscopy (WLC) is the standard method for detection of urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Regarding the problem that on the one hand the sensitivity of WLC is not high enough, and on the other hand it can miss small ‘satellite’ tumors or carcinoma in situ (CIS), other techniques are used. Such techniques are the new imaging by photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and narrow band imaging (NBI). The both techniques allow very accurate bladder cancer visualization. It is obviously very important to improve diagnostic accuracy and as consequence it increases the quality of resection. Regarding the meta-analysis of several studies, it can be concluded that the new imaging techniques should be applied for a more precise diagnostic, comparing with WLC. Further results of multicentric meta-analysis between these two techniques will stabilize their advantages for concrete clinical indications.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДРОСТКОВ
Authors: Саломова Феруза , Хакимова Дурдона , Ярмухамедова Наргиза
Published: March 2021

Проведено изучение образа жизни и возрастной динамики основных функциональных показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС) подростков, и оценка уровня адаптационных возможностей, характеризующих деятельность этой системы у подростков. У большинства подростков сравниваемых групп наблюдается нарушение режима дня и питания, а рацион питания характеризуется качественной неполноценностью. Функциональные возможности ССС подростков сравниваемых групп мало отличаются друг от друга. При дозированной физической нагрузке ССС дети обеих групп реагируют практически одинаково. Адаптационные возможности детей обеих групп практически одинаковы, т.к. не выявлено достоверных различий во всех показателей адаптации в исследуемых группах. Отмечено, что в обеих группах наблюдения напряжение и срыв адаптации более характерны для девочек.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫЕ И ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ЭНЕРГИИ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ
Authors: Алиева Земфира
Published: March 2021

Традиционные источники энергии постепенно теряют свой статус для более эффективного развития мировой экономики. Человечество сейчас обращает внимание на развитие альтернативных и возобновляемых источников энергии. В Азербайджане есть большой потенциал для развития таких источников энергии. Планируется провести ряд подготовительных мероприятий для развития альтернативной энергетики и подключения новых энергетических объектов к энергосистеме страны.
APPLICATION OF THE TRIANGULATED CATEGORY TO THE EXPLANATION OF FULLY-CHARM TETRAQUARK MASS
Authors: Obikhod Tetiana
Published: March 2021

The discovery in July 2020 of fully-charm tetraquark led to the need for its theoretical explanation. For investigation of such complex four-quark formation, the modern mathematical apparatus of the theory of derived categories is used. By representing diquarks as solitonic objects in terms of sheaves, one can explain the measured mass of the broad resonance of fully-charm tetraquarks consisting of di-charmonia.
НЕОБХОДИМОСТЪ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОБЛЕГЧЕНИЯ ДОСТУПА АГРАРНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ НА МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКИЙ РЫНОК
Authors: Гафаров Низами
Published: March 2021

статье обосновывается необходимость выхода азербайджанских сельхозпроизводителей на международный потребительский рынок и рассматриваются способы его облегчения. Проанализированы и оценены меры по приведению внешнеторгового оборота Азербайджана, а также производства и реализации произведенной продукции в аграрном секторе страны в соответствие с международными торговыми стандартами, даны соответствующие рекомендации по повышению уровня продовольственной самообеспеченности населения республики и снижению уровня зависимости от импорта по основным видам продукции.
FEATURES (XIII-XIV CENTURIES) ILKHANATE PERIOD ARCHITECTURE STYLE
Authors: Kanbarova Gulnara
Published: March 2021

From the 13th century, a large part of Asia was ruled by descendants from the great Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan. The European continent was considered the territory of this great empire, starting from Rome to China. During this period, along with the expansion of trade relations between East and West, artists and ideas about art began to flow to the West. Many of Genghis Khan’s successors in West Asia converted to Islam. These were the Golden Horde in Southern Russia, the Chagatai in Khwarazm, and the İlkhanats (Hulagus) in Azerbaijan. The territories of the İlkhanate state stretched from the Iranian bridge to Derbent and from the Amur River to Egypt. The most important country was Azerbaijan. As a result of the relocation of the capital of the İlkhanats state to Tabriz and the implementation of a number of reforms by Kazan khan, the planning of cities was expanded. Monumental buildings were erected to show the grandeur of the İlkhanats period. New architectural types and constructions were created in the monumental buildings, continuing the local traditions of the past. Juicy bricks and colored tiles were preferred as facing materials in the construction. Writing patterns began to dominate the decorations of the buildings.
Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble
Authors: Clyne Margot , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Mills Michael J. , Khodri Myriam , Ball William , Bekki Slimane , Dhomse Sandip S. , Lebas Nicolas , Mann Graham , Marshall Lauren , Niemeier Ulrike , Poulain Virginie , Robock Alan , Rozanov Eugene , Schmidt Anja , Stenke Andrea , Sukhodolov Timofei , Timmreck Claudia , Toohey Matthew , Tummon Fiona , Zanchettin Davide , Zhu Yunqian , Toon Owen B.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated pre-study experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important factor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth.
Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season
Authors: Aartsma Peter , Asplund Johan , Odland Arvid , Reinhardt Stefanie , Renssen Hans
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Lichen heaths are declining in abundance in alpine and
Arctic areas partly due to an increasing competition with shrubs. This shift
in vegetation types might have important consequences for the microclimate
and climate on a larger scale. The aim of our study is to measure the
difference in microclimatic conditions between lichen heaths and shrub
vegetation during the growing season. With a paired plot design, we measured
the net radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature and soil moisture on an
alpine mountain area in southern Norway during the summer of 2018 and 2019. We
determined that the daily net radiation of lichens was on average 3.15 MJ
(26 %) lower than for shrubs during the growing season. This was mainly
due to a higher albedo of the lichen heaths but also due to a larger
longwave radiation loss. Subsequently, we estimate that a shift from a
lichen heath to shrub vegetation leads to an average increase in atmospheric
heating of 3.35 MJ d−1 during the growing season. Surprisingly, the soil
heat flux and soil temperature were higher below lichens than below shrubs
during days with high air temperatures. This implies that the relatively
high albedo of lichens does not lead to a cooler soil compared to shrubs
during the growing season. We predict that the thicker litter layer, the
presence of soil shading and a higher evapotranspiration rate at shrub
vegetation are far more important factors in explaining the variation in
soil temperature between lichens and shrubs. Our study shows that a shift
from lichen heaths to shrub vegetation in alpine and Arctic areas will lead
to atmospheric heating, but it has a cooling effect on the subsurface during
the growing season, especially when air temperatures are relatively high.
The adiabaticity of warm cumulus clouds simulated in high-resolution 
Authors: Eytan Eshkol , Koren Ilan , Khain Alexander , Altaratz Orit , Pinsky Mark , Shpund Jacob
Published: March 2021

The strong coupling between dynamic, thermodynamic, and microphysical processes and the numerous environmental parameters on which they depend makes clouds a highly complex system. Adiabatic regions (i.e., undiluted core) in the cloud allow to approximate in a simple way thermodynamic and microphysical profiles and provide local boundary conditions (i.e. core is a source of adiabatic values in each level). Mixing of the cloud with its environment affects both the cloud and the environmental properties. While environmental humidity, temperature and aerosol loading affect the clouds’ buoyancy and droplets size distribution (DSD), clouds simultaneously affect their surrounding via detrainment of droplets, humid air, and processed aerosols. Mixing occurs within a large spectrum of scales and leads to deviation of parts of the cloud from adiabaticity. The level of adiabaticity can be represented continuously by the adiabatic fraction (AF; defined as the ratio of the liquid water content to the theoretical adiabatic value). In this work we used the System of Atmosphere Modeling (SAM) with the Hebrew University Spectral Bin Microphysics to simulate a few isolated non-precipitating trade cumulus clouds (in different sizes and aerosol loading) in high resolution (10m). Passive tracer was added to all the simulations. We found cloudy volumes that contain both high tracer concentration and high AF (up to the clouds’ top), compared these two measures of mixing, and discuss their differences. The accuracy of AF calculations, based on different known methods is tested. For example, we show that the saturation adjustment assumption that is often used in AF calculations can lead to an underestimation of AF in pristine environments. This will mask microphysical effects and cause biases when comparing the adiabaticity of clouds under different aerosols loading. We show that the space spanned by the AF versus height in the cloud is a good measure for describing changes in cloud’s key variables in space and time (like temperature, updraft, and DSD properties). This space of AF vs height demonstrates how certain processes (e.g. in-cloud nucleation, mixing, evaporation, etc.) dominate different regions in the cloud (core, edge), and cause different dependence of the DSD on AF under different aerosols loading.
Spatial variation in sediment fluxes along the western slopes of the Peruvian Andes 
Authors: Rosas Miluska A. , Vanacker Veerle , Clapuyt François , Viveen Willem
Published: March 2021

Knowledge of sediment production mechanisms and their potential controlling factors contributes to our understanding of geomorphological processes. Previous studies highlighted the link between sediment yield and anthropogenic (e.g. agricultural practices) and natural factors (e.g. climate, topography, river runoff, lithology and vegetation cover). The rugged western slopes of the Peruvian Andes shows different climate regimes with arid climates and desertic vegetation in the south and tropical climates and abundant vegetation in the north. In this region, agricultural and water regulation projects are concentrated.

However, the number of studies on sediment yield and its controlling factors are limited along the Peruvian Andes. Most studies on the western slopes have focused on the Northern part of Peru and showed a 3 to 60 times increase of sediment yield during El Niño (ENSO) events compared to normal years. The storm events rapidly mobilized sediment that was accumulated in the mountain and piedmont areas during dry normal years. In the central part of Peru where the main reservoirs, irrigation systems, and water supply plants are located, few studies were realized. They concluded that the relation between sediment production and both environmental and anthropogenic controlling factors needs to be further explored.

In this study, we identify the spatial patterns of sediment yield along the western slopes of the Peruvian Andes and analyze the main environmental controlling factors. Our study presents data on sediment yield of 20 catchments. The data contains information on suspended sediment load from gauging stations, reservoir sedimentation and water turbidity. We used satellite-based data to derive topographic information (SRTM v.3 DEM by NASA), daily precipitation covering the period 1981 to 2016 (PISCO product by Senamhi), daily discharge covering 1970 to 2020 (GloFAS-ERA5 global river dataset), lithological strength (global lithological map GLiM), and vegetative cover (MODIS Land cover type product). Our first results show a significant influence of the lithology, maximum discharge and topographic relief on sediment yield. The results of the analyses for the Peruvian Andes will be compared with previous studies in the Northern and Southern Andes.  
Digitization of the multi-compositional Storkwitz carbonatite diatreme (Delitzsch Complex, Germany)
Authors: Schmidt Sascha , Gevorgyan Hripsime , Kogan Ilja , Lapp Manuel
Published: March 2021

 

The Storkwitz diatreme is a multiphase composite body within the Late Cretaceous Delitzsch Complex in north-western Saxony, Germany. The lithology of the Delitzsch Complex varies from rauhaugite and fenite aureole to ultramafic and alkaline lamprophyric intrusions (dykes, sills and pipe-shaped bodies) accompanied by the formation of diatremes of variable composition (Krüger et al., 2013; Röllig et al., 1990). The final stages are represented by beforsite and alvikite dykes (Röllig et al., 1990). The multi-component nature of the Storkwitz diatreme can be attributed to the formation of polymict breccias and numerous injections of compositionally varied carbonatites (Gevorgyan et al., 2020; Seifert et al., 2000).  

The entire area was extensively explored through an intensive drilling campaign by the SDAG Wismut between 1972 and 1989, due to a locally increased REE content. For a better understanding of the development of the diatreme, detailed petrographical observations and new imaging methods on extensive drill core material were applied. The combination of microscopic images and high-resolution 2D-images allows to create 3D-models of drill core sections via photogrammetry. Identifying the components (xenoliths and intraclasts) and analyzing the pattern of their distribution in the 3D-models of drill cores will enable obtaining textural information of the minerals within the rocks.

Further investigations using Hyperspectral Imaging (HIS) for chemical information, to be carried out in cooperation with the Institute for Mine Surveying and Geodesy, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, combined with mineralogical information and 3D-models, will provide new insights into the shape and geometry of the diatreme body.

 

References

Gevorgyan, H., Schmidt, S., Kogan, I., Lapp, M., 2020. EGU2020-10678.

Krüger, J.C., Romer, R.L., Kämpf, H., 2013. Chemical Geology, 353, 140-150.

Röllig, G., Viehweg, M., Reuter, N., 1990. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Geologie, 36, 49-54.

Seifert, W., Kämpf, H., Wasternack, J., 2000. Lithos, 53, 81-100.
Effects of early post-fire moss biocrusts on soil abiotic and biotic properties in a Mediterranean forest
Authors: García-Carmona Minerva , Arcenegui Victoria , García-Orenes Fuensanta , Mataix-Solera Jorge
Published: March 2021

After wildfires in Mediterranean forests, mosses have been described as faster colonizers in early successional stages when soil surface is more vulnerable and exposed to rainfall events. Soil erosion mitigation is an ecosystem service of high relevance provided by moss-dominated biocrusts, but information about additional functional roles of early post-fire colonization of mosses is still limited. In August 2018, a wildfire in “Sierra de Beneixama” (E Spain) affecting a total of 862 ha was followed by salvage logging management that triggered rill formation and soil erosion processes. Six months after the fire and subsequent management disturbances, the presence of mosses covering the soil reached 30%, appearing where no soil water repellency was detected. The aim of the study was to assess the short-term effects of mosses on the nutrients content and the stability of soils underlying the crust (2.5 cm depth), as well as the soil microorganisms and functions they deliver as key elements in soil recovery. Our results showed a strong decrease in the available phosphorous content in soils under the crust, suggesting consumption of this element released from the fire to moss development. In the same way, a slight decrease in soil organic carbon and nitrogen content was detected in soils beneath the biocrust. The labile fraction of organic carbon released by the fire may provide the substrate for heterotrophic soil microbes living beneath the biocrust, but while a beginning recovery of microbial biomass under mosses was observed, no higher microbial activity was detected six months after the fire. No greater differences in the microbial functionality, measured by enzymatic activities involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, were observed in soils associated with the crust. However, the response of the microbial parameters was mainly influenced by the nitrogen and phosphorous content of soils, highly released in post-fire environments. The lower developmental stage of the biocrust and the short-time since the disturbance might be an important factor in the functional recovery of the microbial community associated. Since wildfires are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change, monitoring biocrust impact on ecological functions recovery is essential to understand ecosystem resistance and resilience to future disturbances.

 

This work was supported by funding by the “POSTFIRE_CARE” project of the Spanish Research Agency (AIE) and the European Union through European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER) [Ref.: CGL2016-75178-C2-1-R], and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [grant FPI-MINECO BES-2017-081283 supporting M.G-C].
Objective 3D atmospheric front detection in high-resolution numerical weather prediction data
Authors: Beckert Andreas , Eisenstein Lea , Hewson Tim , Craig George C. , Rautenhaus Marc
Published: March 2021

Atmospheric fronts, a widely used conceptual model in meteorology, describe sharp boundaries between two air masses of different thermal properties. In the mid-latitudes, these sharp boundaries are commonly associated with extratropical cyclones. The passage of a frontal system is accompanied by significant weather changes, and therefore fronts are of particular interest in weather forecasting. Over the past decades, several two-dimensional, horizontal feature detection methods to objectively identify atmospheric fronts in numerical weather prediction (NWP) data were proposed in the literature (e.g. Hewson, Met.Apps. 1998). In addition, recent research (Kern et al., IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics, 2019) has shown the feasibility of detecting atmospheric fronts as three-dimensional surfaces representing the full 3D frontal structure. In our work, we build on the studies by Hewson (1998) and Kern et al. (2019) to make front detection usable for forecasting purposes in an interactive 3D visualization environment. We consider the following aspects: (a) As NWP models evolved in recent years to resolve atmospheric processes on scales far smaller than the scale of midlatitude-cyclone- fronts, we evaluate whether previously developed detection methods are still capable to detect fronts in current high-resolution NWP data. (b) We present integration of our implementation into the open-source “Met.3D” software (http://met3d.wavestoweather.de) and analyze two- and three-dimensional frontal structures in selected cases of European winter storms, comparing different models and model resolution. (c) The considered front detection methods rely on threshold parameters, which mostly refer to the magnitude of the thermal gradient within the adjacent frontal zone - the frontal strength. If the frontal strength exceeds the threshold, a so-called feature candidate is classified as a front, while others are discarded. If a single, fixed, threshold is used, unwanted “holes” can be observed in the detected fronts. Hence, we use transparency mapping with fuzzy thresholds to generate continuous frontal features. We pay particular attention to the adjustment of filter thresholds and evaluate the dependence of thresholds and resolution of the underlying data.