bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved pointing information for SCIAMACHY from in-flight measurements of the viewing directions towards sun and moon
Authors: Bramstedt Klaus , Stone Thomas C. , Gottwald Manfred , Noël Stefan , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on Envisat (2002–2012) performed nadir, limb, solar/lunar occultation and various monitoring measurements. The pointing information of the instrument is determined by the attitude information of the Envisat platform with its star trackers together with the encoder readouts of both the azimuth and the elevation scanner of SCIAMACHY. In this work, we present additional sources of attitude information from the SCIAMACHY measurements itself. The basic principle is the same as used by the star tracker: we measure the viewing direction towards celestial objects, i.e. sun and moon, to detect possible mispointings. In sun over limb port observations, we utilise the vertical scans over the solar disk. In horizontal direction, SCIAMACHY's sun follower device (SFD) is used to adjust the viewing direction. Moon over limb port measurements use for both the vertical and the horizontal direction the adjustment by the SFD. The viewing direction is steered towards the intensity centroid of the illuminated part of the lunar disk. We use reference images from the USGS Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) to take into account the inhomogeneous surface and the variations by lunar libration and phase to parameterise the location of the intensity centroid from the observation geometry. Solar observations through SCIAMACHY's so-called sub-solar port (with a viewing direction closely to zenith) also use the SFD in the vertical direction. In the horizontal direction the geometry of the port defines the viewing direction. Using these three type of measurements, we fit improved mispointing parameters by minimising the pointing offsets in elevation and azimuth. The geolocation of all retrieved products will benefit from this; the tangent heights are especially improved. The altitudes assigned to SCIAMACHY's solar occultation measurements are changed in the range of −130 to −330 m, the lunar occultation measurements are changed in the range of 0 to +130 m and the limb measurements are changed in the range of −50 to +60 m (depending on season, altitude and azimuth angle). The horizontal location of the tangent point is changed by about 5 km for all measurements. These updates are implemented in version 9 of the SCIAMACHY Level 1b products and Level 2 version 7 (based on L1b version 9).
Revisiting the Ceara Rise, equatorial Atlantic Ocean: isotope stratigraphy of ODP Leg 154 from 0 to 5 Ma
Authors: Wilkens Roy H. , Westerhold Thomas , Drury Anna J. , Lyle Mitchell , Gorgas Thomas , Tian Jun
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Isotope stratigraphy has become the method of choice for investigating both past ocean temperatures and global ice volume. Lisiecki and Raymo (2005) published a stacked record of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records versus age (LR04 stack). In this study LR04 is compared to high-resolution records collected at all of the sites drilled during ODP Leg 154 on the Ceara Rise, in the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Newly developed software is used to check data splices of the Ceara Rise sites and better align out-of-splice data with in-splice data. Core images recovered from core table photos are depth and age scaled and greatly assist in the data analysis. The entire splices of ODP sites 925, 926, 927, 928 and 929 were reviewed. Most changes were minor although several were large enough to affect age models based on orbital tuning. A Ceara Rise composite record of benthic δ18O is out of sync with LR04 between 1.80 and 1.90 Ma, where LR04 exhibits two maxima but Ceara Rise data contain only one. The interval between 4.0 and 4.5 Ma in the Ceara Rise compilation is decidedly different from LR04, reflecting both the low amplitude of the signal over this interval and the limited amount of data available for the LR04 stack. A regional difference in benthic δ18O of 0.2 ‰ relative to LR04 was found. Independent tuning of Site 926 images and physical property data to the Laskar et al. (2004) orbital solution and integration of available benthic stable isotope data from the Ceara Rise provides a new regional reference section for the equatorial Atlantic covering the last 5 million years.
Quantifying the added value of convection-permitting climate simulations in complex terrain: a systematic evaluation of WRF over the Himalayas
Authors: Karki Ramchandra , ul Hasson Shabeh , Gerlitz Lars , Schickhoff Udo , Scholten Thomas , Böhner Jürgen
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Mesoscale dynamical refinements of global climate models or atmospheric reanalysis have shown their potential to resolve intricate atmospheric processes, their land surface interactions, and subsequently, realistic distribution of climatic fields in complex terrains. Given that such potential is yet to be explored within the central Himalayan region of Nepal, we investigate the skill of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with different spatial resolutions in reproducing the spatial, seasonal, and diurnal characteristics of the near-surface air temperature and precipitation as well as the spatial shifts in the diurnal monsoonal precipitation peak over the Khumbu (Everest), Rolwaling, and adjacent southern areas. Therefore, the ERA-Interim (0.75°) reanalysis has been dynamically refined to 25, 5, and 1 km (D1, D2, and D3) for one complete hydrological year (October 2014–September 2015), using the one-way nested WRF model run with mild nudging and parameterized convection for the outer but explicitly resolved convection for the inner domains. Our results suggest that D3 realistically reproduces the monsoonal precipitation, as compared to its underestimation by D1 but overestimation by D2. All three resolutions, however, overestimate precipitation from the westerly disturbances, owing to simulating anomalously higher intensity of few intermittent events. Temperatures are generally reproduced well by all resolutions; however, winter and pre-monsoon seasons feature a high cold bias for high elevations while lower elevations show a simultaneous warm bias. Unlike higher resolutions, D1 fails to realistically reproduce the regional-scale nocturnal monsoonal peak precipitation observed in the Himalayan foothills and its diurnal shift towards high elevations, whereas D2 resolves these characteristics but exhibits a limited skill in reproducing such a peak on the river valley scale due to the limited representation of the narrow valleys at 5 km resolution. Nonetheless, featuring a substantial skill over D1 and D2, D3 simulates almost realistic shapes of the seasonal and diurnal precipitation and the peak timings even on valley scales. These findings clearly suggest an added value of the convective-scale resolutions in realistically resolving the topoclimates over the central Himalayas, which in turn allows simulating their interactions with the synoptic-scale weather systems prevailing over high Asia.
A DANÇA AFRO-BRASILEIRA EM LONDRINA – PARANÁ
Authors: Pavesi Sborquia Silvia , Dalben André
Published: July 2017

Com base em um contexto problemático pautado pela necessidade de estudos que permitam explorar e conhecer a diversidade étnico-racial presente nas mais diversas localidades do país, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar o significado das manifestações dançantes da cultura afro-brasileira presente nas produções do Grupo de Dança Cristal em Londrina no Paraná. Esta foi uma investigação exploratória de caráter qualitativo que teve como procedimento de coleta de dados a entrevista semi-estruturada. Concluiu-se que as ações promovidas pelo Grupo de Dança Cristal possibilitam uma permanente reconstrução da cultura afro-brasileira, em uma postura de resistência e de valorização da diferença que se apoia em um projeto de sociedade plural e democrática.
A MOTIVAÇÃO PARA AS PRIMEIRAS PERIPÉCIAS NA GINÁSTICA ARTÍSTICA: A PERSPECTIVA DE PRATICANTES INICIANTES
Authors: Ricci Costa Vitor , Dos Santos Oliveira Maurício , Viviene Carbinatto Michele , Nunomura Myrian
Published: July 2017

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar os fatores que motivaram as crianças a iniciar a prática de GA. Entrevistamos ginastas iniciantes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 7 e 10 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e, para o seu tratamento, recorremos à técnica de “Análise de Conteúdo”. Os resultados revelaram que, tanto motivos intrínsecos quanto extrínsecos atraíram os ginastas iniciantes para a modalidade. Contudo, observamos que os fatores extrínsecos exercem maior impacto, principalmente, devido à influência social da família e dos treinadores. Acreditamos que os resultados podem indicar caminhos para a atuação dos treinadores nesse estágio da formação esportiva e assim potencializar a adesão dos praticantes à Ginástica Artística.
Hyponatremia in the Cancer Patient
Authors: Palmer Biff F. , Clegg Deborah J.
Published: July 2017

Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities encountered in the cancer patient. The severity of hyponatremia is directly associated with mortality and length of hospital stay. It is often caused by ectopic production of arginine vasopressin (AVP) resulting in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release; however, in the case of cancer, one needs to also consider the contribution of increasing age, the drugs used to treat co-morbid conditions, the underlying disease states, and hypovolemia as additional risk factors. The approach to hyponatremia in patients with cancer is no different from that utilized in noncancer patients. Successful work-up requires knowing whether hyponatremia is representative of a hypoosmolar state, determining whether the kidney's ability to dilute the urine is intact, and assessing the volume status of the patient. The chronicity of the hyponatremia is an important determinant as to the rate and method of treatment.
Chronic Kidney Disease as a Complication of Cancer
Authors: Selamet Umut , Abudayyeh Ala
Published: July 2017

An exciting era in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer has emerged in the last 2 decades. What was once an often deadly disease has, for many patients, become a chronic disease with longer survival than ever before. However, with the prolongation of life there are further associated complications, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). This disease has impacts on the patients’ treatments, dosage of medications, quality of life, and overall survival. This review illustrates the prevalence of CKD in the cancer patient population and provides an overview of the causes of CKD in these patients. We also explore the bidirectional relationship of cancer and CKD, and elaborate on the cutting edge therapies and their associated renal toxic effects. With a greater appreciation of this important relationship, nephrologists will be better able to work in multidisciplinary teams to improve cancer patients’ survival and overall outcomes.
La influencia de la orientación sexual de hombres y mujeres en las características acústicas de las vocales del español. Un estudio vocálico comparativo
Authors: Crisosto A. Jaime , Pérez M. Hernán , Dagnino R. Franco
Published: July 2017

Históricamente se han asociado, desde posiciones más bien intuitivas, ciertas características de habla con la identidad de comunidades con una orientación sexual no heterosexual, espacio desde el cual también se configuran factores que emanan desde el binarismo de lo masculino y lo femenino. A partir de la década de 1990, la comunidad científica se ha empeñado en dilucidar cuáles son dichas características prosódicas, articulatorias, acústicas y lingüísticas que poseen los hablantes con una preferencia sexual más diversa. El propósito del artículo es determinar las características acústicas de las vocales del español de Chile (/i/, /e/, /a/, /o/, /u/) presentes en palabras aisladas, leídas en voz alta por hablantes heterosexuales y homosexuales de ambos sexos para establecer cuáles son las características que los identifican, organizando los datos obtenidos por orientación sexual. El método adoptado incluyó lectura en voz alta, aplicación de exclusiones, relación de datos y análisis estadístico de algunos de ellos. En términos generales, no existen marcadores acústicos vocálicos definidos que permitan diferenciar la orientación sexual de hombres y mujeres. Se requiere considerar otro tipo de información lingüística para poder establecer dichas diferencias, si es que las hubiera.
Export Credit Insurance and Export Performance: An Empirical Gravity Analysis for Turkey
Authors: Polat Ali , Yesilyaprak Mehmet
Published: July 2017

The paper attempts to find out how far Turkey’s official export credit agency, Turk Eximbank, foster export of Turkey during the years of 2000-2015 by employing an empirical trade gravity equation. We estimate different panel gravity regressions for 212 countries for the period of 16 years and the results reveal that a change in export credit insurance positively affect Turkish export, assuming other independent variables are held constant. After applying several post estimation tests we used fixed effect panel specification as the main estimation. In order to allow comparison we also run clustered, robust OLS. Poisson fixed effect (Poisson) and Poisson Pseudo maximum likelihood estimations (PPML) are also estimated to allow for zero trade values in dependent variable in its level. Our analysis also shows that there are significant individual and time effects in panel data structure. Our estimate of different panel gravity regressions for 212 countries and 16 years revealed that increasing export insurance will positively affect Turkish export.
Administering Justice and Serving the People
Authors: Piché Catherine
Published: July 2017

Administering Justice and Serving the People

Canada has a complex system of courts that seek to serve Canadians in view of the traditional objectives of civil justice – principally accessibility, efficiency, fairness, efficacy, proportionality and equality. The Canadian court system is generally considered by its users to work well and to have legitimacy. Yet, researchers have found that ‘there is a tendency for people involved in a civil case to become disillusioned about the ability of the system to effect a fair and timely resolution to a civil justice problem’. This article will discuss the ways in which reforms of procedural law and civil justice have originated and continue to be made throughout Canada, both nationally and provincially, as well as the trends and influences in making these reforms. With hundreds of contemporary procedural reforms having been discussed, proposed and/or completed since the first days of Canadian colonisation on a national basis and in the Canadian provinces and territory, providing a detailed analysis will prove challenging. This article will nonetheless provide a review of civil justice and procedural reform issues in Canada, focusing principally, at the provincial level, on the systems of Ontario and Quebec. Importantly, I will seek to reconcile the increasing willingness to have an economically efficient civil justice and the increased power of judges in managing cases, with our court system’s invasion of ADR and its prioritisation of informal modes of adjudication.
Drempels voor een rolstoel in de bus
Authors: Hoegen Dijkhof J.L.
Published: July 2017

Drempels voor een rolstoel in de bus: Onderzoek naar de toegankelijkheid van het openbaar busvervoer

Kunnen mensen in een rolstoel mee met bussen in het openbaar vervoer? Die vraag liet het College voor de Rechten van de Mens onderzoeken. Voor het onderzoek werden concessievoorwaarden van OV-autoriteiten bekeken, voerden rolstoelgebruikers meer dan 400 anonieme testritten door heel Nederland uit en werd gesproken met busvervoerbedrijven over toegankelijkheid. Uit het onderzoek komt een aantal knelpunten naar voren die erop duiden dat het Nederlands openbaar busvervoer nog niet optimaal toegankelijk is voor mensen met een rolstoel. Zo lopen reizigers met een rolstoel het risico om niet te worden meegenomen met de bus. Vaak is het probleem dat de automatische rolstoelplank niet werkt. Ook de assistentie die de buschauffeurs leveren, is volgens rolstoelgebruikers nog niet geheel naar behoren. Chauffeurs lijken niet altijd goed op de hoogte te zijn van de regels en procedures ten aanzien van reizigers met een beperking. Verder ervaren vervoersbedrijven spanning in het op tijd rijden en het aanbieden van toegankelijk busvervoer. Anderzijds rapporteren rolstoelgebruikers ook veel positieve ervaringen met het openbaar busvervoer. In reactie op het onderzoek roept het College concessieverleners en vervoerbedrijven op om aandacht te besteden aan de waargenomen knelpunten.
Het ne bis in idem-beginsel in grensoverschrijdende zaken
Authors: de Werd M.
Published: July 2017

Het ne bis in idem-beginsel in grensoverschrijdende zaken

In zaak C-486/14 (Kossowski) relativeert het Hof van Justitie het ne bis-beginsel in grensoverschrijdende zaken. Als een procedure tot strafvervolging in een lidstaat wordt beëindigd zonder dat een uitgebreid onderzoek is verricht [naar hetgeen er is gebeurd], is die beslissing mogelijk geen onherroepelijke beslissing in de zin van artikel 54 SUO en artikel 50 Handvest. Het in die bepalingen neergelegde ne bis-beginsel staat in zo’n geval niet in de weg aan een nieuwe vervolging in een andere lidstaat.

HvJ 29 juni 2016, zaak C-486/14, Kossowski, ECLI:EU:C:2016:483
Nationale publieke belangen in de telecomsector afdoende beschermd tegen ongewenste zeggenschap?
Authors: Nijland J. , de Groot C.
Published: July 2017

Nationale publieke belangen in de telecomsector afdoende beschermd tegen ongewenste zeggenschap?

Het ambtelijk voorontwerp van de Wet ongewenste zeggenschap telecommunicatie is een belangrijke ontwikkeling op het gebied van economische (staats)politiek. De wet is wetstechnisch nog niet ‘af’ (vergelijk ook de reacties op de internetconsultatie over het voorontwerp), en gaat over alleen de telecommunicatiesector. De nu voorgestelde regeling zou kunnen dienen als basis voor een meer algemene regeling die ook andere sectoren van de economie (of zelfs individueel aan te duiden ondernemingen) kan beschermen tegen maatschappelijk gezien ongewenste overnames die risico’s kunnen opleveren voor de nationale veiligheid of de openbare orde.
Hoge Raad preciseert ‘opzettelijke verzwijging’ van artikel 3:194 lid 2 BW
Authors: Kolkman W.D. , Hoops B.
Published: July 2017

Hoge Raad preciseert ‘opzettelijke verzwijging’ van artikel 3:194 lid 2 BW

Op 31 maart 2017 heeft de Hoge Raad zijn licht laten schijnen over enkele toepassingsvoorwaarden van artikel 3:194 lid 2 BW.

Voor een beroep op artikel 3:194 lid 2 BW is volgens dat arrest vereist dat de deelgenoot ten minste wist dat het verzwegen goed deel uitmaakte van de gemeenschap. Voorwaardelijk opzet op het onttrekken van het goed aan de gemeenschap is niet voldoende. De Hoge Raad laat na de opzettelijke verzwijging geen inkeer toe. Dit betekent dat de deelgenoot de sanctie van artikel 3:194 lid 2 BW niet kan voorkomen door vóór een ontdekking van de verzwijging de verzwijging te openbaren. De deelgenoot kan de sanctie evenmin voorkomen door het goed na de ontdekking van de verzwijging weer terug te brengen in de gemeenschap.
De processueel ondeelbare rechtsverhouding en de vordering tot verdeling van een nalatenschap
Authors: Lieber J.H.
Published: July 2017

De processueel ondeelbare rechtsverhouding en de vordering tot verdeling van een nalatenschap

De Hoge Raad heeft op 10 maart 2017 een arrest gewezen dat van groot belang is voor de praktijk van het erfrecht en de verdeling van een nalatenschap door de rechter. De Hoge Raad geeft regels die ertoe strekken dat alle deelgenoten in de procedure moeten worden betrokken, indien sprake is van een processueel ondeelbare rechtsverhouding. In dit artikel bespreekt de auteur de belangrijkste gevolgen voor de rechtspraktijk.
Is er een verplichting tot het uitvoeren van het tracébesluit?
Authors: Gierveld H.A.J. (Henk)
Published: July 2017

Is er een verplichting tot het uitvoeren van het tracébesluit?

Auteur gaat in zijn bijdrage in op de relatie tussen het tracébesluit en het leerstuk van voorwaardelijke verplichtingen en handhaving.
De Omgevingswet en het privaatrecht
Authors: van der Veen G.A. (Gerrit)
Published: July 2017

De Omgevingswet en het privaatrecht

Auteur belicht drie privaatrechtelijke onderwerpen en hun relatie met de Omgevingswet: het stellen van regels via het privaatrecht, het privaatrechtelijke kostenverhaal en de privaatrechtelijke handhaving.
Working as a physiotherapist before and after the signing of the Physiotherapists Act of September 25th 2015 into law: selected aspects
Authors: Wyszyńska Karolina , Stiler Sylwia , Wyszyński Szymon
Published: July 2017

Article 68 of the Constitution establishes a universal right to health care. However, when considering the
legal regulation of the profession of a physiotherapist, the security provided by the constitution is not guaranteed.
There is no single, strict act, which would regulate the rights and obligations of patients and physiotherapists.
What constituted working as a professional physiotherapist raised many doubts. The Physiotherapists
Act of September 25th 2015 has long been awaited by physiotherapists. Its entry into force has a lot of positive
aspects. Adopted with the consensus of the professional environment, it provides an opportunity to guarantee
the patients’ safety better than ever, and also to develop treatment and cooperation with the countries of Western
Europe. The previous lack of legal regulations for the profession of a physiotherapist still carries negative
consequences for both the patients and physiotherapists, as it creates a gap that can be exploited by non-physiotherapists who offer their services. The aim of the study was to present the current legal status of the physiotherapist’s profession and to compare it after the Physiotherapists Act entered into force.
Women’s body image and breastfeeding
Authors: Broers Barbara , Wawrzyniak Joanna , Kubiec Wiktoria
Published: July 2017

Only a small number of studies draw attention to the relationship between body image after pregnancy and
during lactation with the decision to undertake and continue breastfeeding. Body image is a complex mental
construct, which consists of: cognitive, emotional and behavioural components, and which is subject to change
during the life of the woman. Pregnancy, childbirth and lactation affect the physicality of women, which is also
reflected in the way of defining their body image.
Dissatisfaction with own body can affect the decision to breastfeed or cause discomfort during breastfeeding.
At the same time, undertaking breastfeeding can, through the hormones secreted at the time, positively influence
the assessment of the woman’s body before and during pregnancy. The discovery of this relationship, and
in the future indicating the precise correlation phenomena, could have a practical use in working with patients
whether to breastfeed.
By noticing and identifying an early onset of irregularities in the forming body image of a pregnant women,
healthcare professionals can support those in need to build a real body image and positive attitude towards occurring
changes and thus increase their comfort. Recognising and understanding the obstacles women experience
on the road to breastfeeding, educators and professionals can create programs which consider a more complex,
psycho-physical dimension of breastfeeding.
Organization and functioning of the Polish Red Cross Rescue Group in Bedzin
Authors: Śmieja Dominika
Published: July 2017

Polish Red Cross is a humanitarian organization providing aid in the events of natural disasters, mass accidents,
and search-and-rescue operations. It educates the citizens by providing first aid training. The Polish Red Cross
Recue Group System consists of three types of groups: the Rescue Group, the Medical Rescue Group and the Specialist
Rescue Group. They are always ready to provide assistance, especially in times of catastrophes and natural
disasters. Moreover, they provide medical support at mass events, such as concerts, live shows, etc.. The
aim of this paper was to show in detail how these Rescue Groups function when providing medical support and
to describe their legal status. In addition, I have described the organization and functioning of the Polish Red
Cross Rescue Team in Bedzin, based on the documentation covering their activity in 2014. The documentation
shows that the Rescue Team is a fully functioning, effective and efficient group, always at-the-ready. The number of rescue actions the group participated in shows that its members are fully qualified and experienced, thus the society can rely on them whenever necessary.
Assessing Journal Quality in Mathematics Education
Authors: Nivens Ryan Andrew , Otten Samuel
Published: July 2017

In this Research Commentary, we describe 3 journal metrics–the Web of Science's Impact Factor, Scopus's SCImago Journal Rank, and Google Scholar Metrics' h5-index—and compile the rankings (if they exist) for 69 mathematics education journals. We then discuss 2 paths that the mathematics education community should consider with regard to these citation-based metrics of journal quality: either working within the system to enhance our positioning or resisting or modifying the system itself.
Unpacking the Male Superiority Myth and Masculinization of Mathematics at the Intersections: A Review of Research on Gender in Mathematics Education
Authors: Leyva Luis A.
Published: July 2017

Gender research in mathematics education has experienced methodological and theoretical shifts over the past 45 years. Although achievement studies have used assessment tools to explore and subsequently challenge the assumption of male superiority on mathematics assessments, research on participation has unpacked these studies' sex-based achievement comparisons by exploring the masculinization of mathematics through qualitative methods. This article offers a review of gender research in mathematics education with analysis of its findings as well as conceptual and empirical contributions. Current understanding of mathematics as a gendered space, however, can be further broadened through intersectional analyses of gender and its interplay with other identities (e.g., race or ethnicity, class). Implications for future gender research, particularly the adoption of intersectionality theory, are raised to inform more nuanced analyses.
Pour une approche des processus d’innovation religieuse : quelques réflexions conceptuelles et théoriques
Authors: Bélanger Steeve , Bonenfant Frédérique
Published: July 2017

Le concept d’« innovation religieuse » est rarement, mais surtout particulièrement mal défini dans la recherche actuelle. De plus, il est souvent associé aux nouveaux mouvements religieux (NMR) qui ont émergé à l’époque contemporaine, ce qui limite indéniablement son utilisation comme outil et catégorie d’analyse des phénomènes de changement, de nouveauté, de transformation et de mutation religieux d’hier comme d’aujourd’hui. Afin de la distinguer d’une nouveauté, d’une mode ou d’une tendance religieuse passagère, nous proposons de considérer que l’innovation religieuse consiste en un processus collectif qui, par volonté et/ou par désir de changement face à une situation considérée comme ne répondant pas ou plus aux besoins ou aux aspirations actuelles, introduit une nouveauté religieuse et qui conduit, par négociation ou par imposition au moyen d’un réseau de communication, à un changement socioreligieux significatif, effectif et durable des pratiques et/ou du système de significations. Cette proposition de définition, qui se veut ouverte et englobante, permet de considérer que toute nouveauté introduite dans le domaine religieux peut se transformer en innovation religieuse à condition de traverser les quatre phases qui caractérisent, selon nous, les processus d’innovation religieuse, soit celle de proposition d’une nouveauté, celle de diffusion de la nouveauté, celle d’appropriation de la nouveauté puis celle d’adoption de la nouveauté par changement des pratiques et/ou du système de significations.
La prise en compte de l’expérience spirituelle en soins palliatifs : un cas de mutation des représentations de la spiritualité
Authors: Jobin Guy
Published: July 2017

L’innovation religieuse est une catégorie heuristique qu’il est possible d’appliquer aux institutions de la structure de base des sociétés séculières. En effet, malgré leur « sortie de la religion », certaines de ces institutions laïques sont des lieux de production de discours et de pratiques spirituels inédits, là où, dans un passé plus ou moins récent, les traditions religieuses ont pu avoir un rôle structurant. Dans ce texte, j’identifie les facteurs et les normativités qui président à l’institutionnalisation de discours et de pratiques spirituels dans les milieux de soin du réseau public québécois de soins de santé.
Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Signal Intensity as a Predictor of Gadolinium Enhancement in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Guranda Mihail , Essig Marco , Poulin Ariane , Vosoughi Reza
Published: July 2017

Background:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to diagnose and monitor disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The objective of this study was to explore the association of “ultrabright” axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesions with gadolinium enhancement in patients with RRMS using qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Methods:

MRIs from patients with RRMS from 2010 to 2015 were reviewed. Two radiologists independently identified ultrabright lesions on axial FLAIR sequences. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was measured for ultrabright and control lesions.

Results:

Of 301 lesions included in the study, 77 (26%) were identified by both radiologists as ultrabright. Interrater agreement was moderate (κ = 0.77, P < .001). Lesions identified by both radiologists as ultrabright demonstrated an association with gadolinium enhancement (χ21 = 30.8, P < .001) but were not associated with MRI magnet strength (χ21 = 0.24, P = .65). Higher CNR values were associated with gadolinium enhancement for 1.5-T studies (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07; P = .001) and 3-T studies (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.02–1.03; P < .001). Diagnostic accuracy of the quantitative model was good for 1.5-T studies (area under the curve, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68–0.9; P < .001) and 3-T studies (area under the curve, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.73–0.84; P < .001). Positive predictive value of 100% was obtained for CNR values of 92 for 1.5-T and 184 for 3-T studies.

Conclusions:

Qualitatively and quantitatively identified ultrabright axial FLAIR lesions are significantly associated with gadolinium enhancement.
Construction and Interpretation Of Corpus-Based English Poetry Vocabulary Profile
Authors: Sheikh  Al-Shabab Omar  A.
Published: July 2017

Vocabulary Profilers (VPrs) are deeply rooted in pedagogical purposes. The current investigation, however, uses the Classic and Compleat VPrs to: 1) determine the distribution and content of vocabulary in an English poetry corpus 2) explain differences in the constituents of the vocabulary profile (VP), 3) explore the role of language users in constructing the VP. The corpus includes Extended Corpus (EC: 1.363.225 words), Micro Corpus (MC: 43.200 words) from thirty-six poets, and two poems translated into Arabic. The main results show that Types, Offlist words, Academic and Anglo-Saxon words outline the VP, and that the number of Types and the size of the Individual Mental Lexicon constitute the main features of the translator’s VP. The paper concludes that the poet’s construction of the poetry VP undergoes multilayer interpretation by the reader/analyst and the translator, who utilize their socio-environmental context to pin down the semantic potential of the VP anew.
The Impact of Self-Access Centres in Fostering Confidence, Motivation and Autonomy to Develop Language Skills
Authors: Saeed Balla Asjad Ahmed
Published: July 2017

This Paper investigates the relation between studying in Self-Access centres and learners’ confidence, motivation and autonomous learning. The study based on three questions: (a) To what extent autonomous learning motivates students/users of SAC? (b) Is the use of SAC reinforcing students’ confidence? (c) To what extent using SAC help in developing the students; learning skills? A questionnaire conducted to show learners; attitudes towards using SAC. The data was statistically analysed. The most important result revealed that the learners felt more confident and motivated after using SAC. Besides, there were a noticeable change in their language understanding and remarkable improvement in their language skills.
George Herbert’s The Temple: A Religious Rhyme or Political Poetry?
Authors: Babagolzadeh Reza , Shafieyan Mahdi
Published: July 2017

George Herbert’s retreat from a political path and a turn towards a religious route has created a perception that the poet and priest had separated himself from politics. His magnum opus, The Temple, corroborates such a point of view with it verses coated with poetic praises and surrounded by biblical allusions, morals and confessions. Within Foucauldian perspective, this study peruses a different path of repainting the picture of the pious priest into a political poet, highlighting how his religious intentions were not separated from political influence. This paper highlights the inseparable bond between politics and religion in the Jacobean Era by analysing how the regimes of truth play its part in shaping the poet’s discourse.
The Comparative Effect of Teaching Concept Mapping in Reading on Extrovert and Introvert EFL Learners' Self-Regulation
Authors: Nosratinia Mania , Abbasi Fatemeh
Published: July 2017

The present study attempted to compare the effect of teaching concept mapping in reading on extrovert and introvert English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' Self-Regulation (SR). The participants were 60 female EFL learners at the intermediate level of English language proficiency, between 18 and 20 (Mage = 19). The Preliminary English Test was employed in order to select homogeneous participants in terms of English language proficiency level, followed by administering Eysenck's Personality Inventory (1985). The language-wise homogeneous introvert (n = 30) and extrovert (n = 30) participants were assigned randomly into two experimental groups of 30. To identify the pre-treatment and post-treatment levels of participants' SR, the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (1991) was administered twice. The two groups were instructed using the same material and implementing Harris and Graham’s (1996) concept mapping instruction model. The analysis of the scores using an Independent-Samples t-Test revealed that extrovert participants exhibited a significantly higher SR level as a result of being exposed to concept mapping. The study concludes with a discussion on the obtained results and the probable reasons leading to them, followed by presenting some implications for EFL teachers, learners, and syllabus designers.
Jamal Mahjoub’s The Carrier as a Re-writing of Shakespeare’s Othello
Authors: Awad Yousef , Al-Shetawi Mahmoud F.
Published: July 2017

This paper examines how Arab British novelist Jamal Mahjoub appropriates and interpolates Shakespeare’s Othello. Specifically, this paper argues that Mahjoub’s historical novel The Carrier (1998) re-writes Shakespeare’s Othello in a way that enables the novelist to comment on some of the themes that remain unexplored in Shakespeare’s masterpiece. Mahjoub appropriates tropes, motifs and episodes from Shakespeare’s play which include places like Cyprus and Aleppo, Othello’s identity, abusive/foul language, animalistic imagery, and motifs like the eye, sorcery/witchcraft, the storm and adventurous travels. Unlike Othello’s fabled and mythical travels and adventures, Mahjoub renders Rashid al-Kenzy’s as realistic and true to life in a way that highlights his vulnerability. In addition, the ill-fated marriage between Othello and Desdemona is adapted in Mahjoub’s novel in the form of a Platonic love that is founded on a scientific dialogue between Rashid al-Kenzy and Sigrid Heinesen, a poet and philosopher woman from Jutland. In this way, Desdemona’s claim that she sees Othello’s visage in his mind, a claim that is strongly undermined by Othello’s irrationality, jealousy and belief in superstitions during the course of the play, is emphasized and foregrounded in Mahjoub’s novel.
The Use of Text Recitation as a Teaching Tool in EFL: A Cross-educational Level Investigation in China
Authors: Yu Xia
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this investigation is to address the situation that although general ELT (English Language Teaching) literature does not endorse the practice of text recitation (TR), recent literature cautiously recommends it as a teaching tool with clear learning objectives, especially in countries with Confucian heritage. This paper therefore investigates why TR is commonly practiced in Chinese schools at all educational levels up to tertiary education. In particular, this inquiry considers teachers’ view of why TR is practiced and what its effects are. Furthermore, these views across groups at three educational levels are compared and their perceptions are checked against findings of analogous previous research. Analysis of data reveals that the usefulness of the practice of TR to foreign language teaching is generally acknowledged, though, to varying degrees. The study suggests that the contemporary pedagogic practice of TR in China is starting to bear some basic positive features such as differentiating tasks to suit students’ ability and choosing texts to cater for students’ interest.
Linguistic Disadvantage and Authorial Identity in Research Articles Written by Native English and Thai Writers in International Publication
Authors: Yotimart Darunee , Abd. Aziz Noor Hashima
Published: July 2017

Research have reported that one of the challenges faced by non-native English writers to have their research articles (RAs) accepted by English-medium journals is to fulfill the journals’ expectations in terms of linguistic aspect. In addition, non-native English writers seem to be having the problem in expressing their authorial identity which is needed to build one’s academic arguments. Therefore, this research was conducted to 1) explore whether linguistic disadvantage exists among native English writers or Thai writers in international publication, and 2) discover how the native English and Thai writers assert their identities through different rhetorical purposes of RAs. Eight university lecturers in Applied Linguistics (AL) from a few universities in Thailand were interviewed  to understand  their  views on the issues of  writing  for scholarly  publication  in  the  English  language. The findings revealed two salient emerging themes:  (1) the role of linguistic disadvantage and (2) variation in authorial identity between native English and Thai writers. The study has found that linguistic disadvantage exists among the Thai writers. The native English writers expressed their authorial identity overtly but the Thai writers deferred their authorial identity. It is suggested that teachers in Thailand emphasize more on the knowledge of linguistic aspect required in international publication and the effective use of linguistic realization of authorial identity in academic writing.
Fighting Back Against the Encroachment of Patriarchal Power on Female Domains in Wuthering Heights
Authors: Akcesme Banu
Published: July 2017

Wuthering Heights can be read as a novel of warfare against women and women-associated spaces to be conquered to prove male superiority, authority and power. This paper aims to discuss how Emily Bronte challenged not only the established Victorian literary traditions but also the prevailing ideals of the Victorian society by subverting the hierarchically constructed power and gender relations with an emphasis on various strategies employed by Heathcliff and Edgar in the war they launch against nature, property and women to conquer, possess and control domestic households, external nature and female body. Their strategies include reductionism which includes the commodification and objectification of female body, separation of women from their female bond, family and female spaces, physical and emotional uprooting which causes the loss of independence, self-confidence and positive self-image, masculinization of nature and home, brutalization through which the female characters are exposed to male violence and oppression and destruction of a sense of security, commitment and resistance. The female characters are disconnected not only from their domestic households and nature but also from female bonds. The sense of placelessness and homelessness along with the lack of female solidarity is aggravated by transforming home and the natural world into an imprisoning, dominating and tyrannical web for women. Bronte ends the novel with a hope that subjugation and subordination does not have to be the inevitable destiny for women who can fight back to restructure the existing power relations and reclaim their bodies and home along with nature turned against them.
Probing the Relationship between Vocabulary Knowledge and Listening Comprehension of Iranian Lower-Intermediate EFL Learners
Authors: Farvardin Mohammad Taghi , Valipouri Leila
Published: July 2017

This study probed the relationship between vocabulary knowledge (i.e., size and depth) and listening comprehension of Iranian lower-intermediate EFL learners. To this end, 80 lower-intermediate EFL learners in Ahvaz, Iran, were selected. This study also investigated the predictive power of the vocabulary size and depth in lower-intermediate EFL learners’ listening comprehension. To this end, three tests (i.e., Vocabulary Levels Test, Word Associates Test, and a listening comprehension test) were administered to the participants. The results of Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses revealed that vocabulary depth had a higher relationship with the listening comprehension scores (r = 0.43, p < .01). In addition, vocabulary depth proved to be a more powerful predictor of listening comprehension scores.
Public Awareness of Automated External Defibrillator Locations
Authors: Huang Chien-Tai , Chen Chi-Hsin , Huang Chun-Hsiang , Fan Cheng-Yi , Chen Jiun-Wei , Ma Matthew Huei-Ming , Huang Edward Pei-Chuan
Published: October 2024

This cross-sectional study examines survey data from a 4-day nationwide telephone survey in Taiwan about awareness of and willingness to use automated external defibrillators.
A novel plasmid‐based experimental system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that enables the introduction of 10 different plasmids into cells
Authors: Dong Geyao , Nakai Tsuyoshi , Matsuzaki Tetsuo
Published: October 2024

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly used as an expression platform for the production of valuable compounds. Yeast‐based genetic research can uniquely utilize auxotrophy in transformant selection: auxotrophic complementation by an auxotrophic marker gene on exogenous DNA (such as plasmids). However, the number of required auxotrophic nutrients restricts the number of plasmids maintained by the cells. We, therefore, developed novel Δ10 strains that are auxotrophic for 10 different nutrients and new plasmids with two multiple cloning sites and auxotrophic markers for use in Δ10 strains. We confirmed that Δ10 strains were able to maintain 10 types of plasmids. Using plasmids encoding model proteins, we detected the co‐expression of 17 different genes in Δ10 cell lines. We also constructed Δ9 strains that exhibited auxotrophy for nine nutrients and increased growth compared to Δ10. This study opens a new avenue for the co‐expression of a large number of genes in eukaryotic cells.
Revealing Electrochemical Process of Functional Carbon Dots Stabilized Sodium Metal Anode: Co‐Deposition and Strengthened SEI Films
Authors: Tu Hanyu , Zhang Yinghao , Wu Jiae , Li Yujin , Liu Huaxin , Deng Wentao , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo
Published: October 2024

Sodium metal batteries with high theoretical energy density and low redox potential possess vast application prospects. However, the inevitable side reactions between Na metal anode and electrolyte, the formation of Na dendrite during cycling, and the uneven electric field distribution at the interface will lead to a decrease in the cycling stability of the battery. Herein, N and S co‐doped carbon dots are employed as electrolyte additives in view of their quantum size, excellent dispersion, and polar surface functional groups. It is found that the quantum‐sized carbon core and sodiophilic surface functional groups of N,S‐CDs enable the homogenous deposition of Na+ and the involvement of N,S‐CDs in the formation of solid electrolyte film. The N,S‐CDs co‐deposition guarantees the uniform sodium plating in the initial cycle, avoiding the routine dendrite growth. The strength and stability of SEI are boosted with the assistance of inorganics such as Na3N and Na2S, which accelerate the transport of Na+ flux and realize rapid charge transfer at the interface, ensuring high reversibility of sodium ion plating/stripping. Na||Cu half‐cells achieve a coulombic efficiency of 99% after 250 cycles under 1.0 mA cm−1, and Na||Na symmetric cells continuously cycle over 1200 h at a current density of 1 mA cm−2.
Motion‐Activating Pliable Carbon Nanofiber for Smart Mechanosensitive Sensing and Antibacterial Protection
Authors: Liu Hanpeng , Jin Liguo , Zhu Shengli , Mao Congyang , Wu Shuilin , Wang Chaofeng , Zheng Yufeng , Li Zhaoyang , Jiang Hui , Cui Zhenduo , Liu Xiangmei
Published: October 2024

Simultaneously endowing carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with flexibility, flame‐resistant properties, and high sonoelectric/mechanical‐electric energy conversion efficiency is quite challenging, restricting their wide application to smart fabrics. Herein, a carbon‐based nanofiber is prepared by electrospinning and subsequent carbonization with the formation of Bi20TiO32 (BT), followed by in situ growth of hydrothermally produced Bi2S3 (B) and MoS2 (M) successively. Compared with pure CNF, the synthesized carbon/Bi20TiO32/MoS2/Bi2S3 (CBT/M/B) fiber exhibited not only enhanced flexibility and antiflaming performance but also sensitive conversion ability of the mechanical power into electricity. Its enhanced flexibility is due to its electrospinning micro/nanostructure and interactions between grain boundaries. Importantly, the CBT/M/B fiber achieved the realization of relying on unique human motion to provide energy and convert it in a piezoelectric manner, thus exhibiting satisfactory antibacterial effects. This research provides valuable insights into smart wearable antibacterial fibers characterized by flexible, antiflaming, and mechanosensitive functions.