bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COLONIZING THE NARRATIVE SPACE: UNLIVABLE LIVES, UNSEEABLE STRUGGLES AND THE NECROPOLITICAL GOVERNANCE OF DIGITAL POPULATIONS
Authors: Lewis Kelly
Published: April 2023

Social media provides a critical space for people at the margins to document, publish, and share content that publicizes instances of human rights violations, conflict, and dispossession. This presentation explores how asymmetrical content moderation processes, opaque platform policies, and alternative enforcement systems that are brokered through backdoor corporate-government agreements lead to the removal of this content and re-obscure life and death struggles. It introduces the notion of _platform necropolitics_ (Lewis, 2023, forthcoming) and demonstrates its theoretical resourcefulness through an examination of platform censorship of pro-Palestinian content during the May 2021 Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Platform necropolitics manifests through the sovereign logics of platforms that violently police the boundaries of speech and space–determining who has the right to speak and who has the right to appear as a legitimate digital citizen, and who does not–and that take as their object the articulations of digital subjects and enact their ‘right to kill or let live’. This framework draws together scholarship from platform studies, political theorizing, and decolonial critique to reorientate critical theorizing of platforms as technologies of necropolitical power to rethink and imagine the implications of their discursive, material, and geospatial interventions. Exploring the tensions of digital media technologies as spaces that we live _with_, _in_, and _through_, considering platforms as _political_ and _material_ actors that determine and condition the social, political, and material (in)existence of digital subjects, I examine how platforms enact forms of necropolitical governance though corporate and machinic logics that simultaneously extend and reproduce the necropolitical power of the Israeli state.
THINKING FOR THEMSELVES: EXAMINING THE REACTIONARY RIGHT'S "BOOTSTRAPS EPISTEMOLOGY"
Authors: Ma Cindy
Published: April 2023

This paper offers a new way of conceptualizing conservatives’ approach to truth and knowledge, based on over two years of online fieldwork (2019-2021) into reactionary YouTube channels and their audiences. I use qualitative content analysis to examine over 100 hours of YouTube videos, 1050 YouTube comments, and online interviews with 15 current and former fans of these channels. Drawing on these data sources, I argue that the reactionary right’s emphasis on “rugged individualism” forms the basis not just of their political project but also of their imagined epistemology.

I find that reactionary YouTubers and their viewers describe arriving at their political beliefs as a highly idiosyncratic process of personal research and rational deliberation. I call this narrative of political formation "bootstraps epistemology." Just as the bootstraps narrative in politics argues that individuals have the duty to reject government “handouts” and improve their circumstances through hard work and thrift, bootstraps epistemology encourages people to reject dogma and instead pursue knowledge through solitary study and intellectual combat with opponents. I propose that the bootstraps narrative of personal responsibility and bootstraps epistemology are mutually-enforcing discourses that advance individualistic solutions to social problems. I find that the latter has gained currency in recent years, with the widespread loss of trust in mainstream media and the proliferation of “alternative” sources of onli news and information.
EDITORIAL AUTOMATION: THE PURSUIT OF JOURNALISTIC MEANING IN AUTOMATED TOOLS AND AUTOMATED DECISION-MAKING SYSTEMS IN AUSTRALIAN NEWSROOMS
Authors: Montaña-Niño Silvia
Published: April 2023

The panorama of editorial automation is moving at a fast clip in many organisations around the world. However, the transition towards Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning technologies as supporting processes go at their own pace in other contexts beyond the US and Europe and cast doubts about their implementation. This article examines perceived ideas and problems about automation in Australian newsrooms. It investigates to what extent news professionals have undertaken the adoption of different automated tools in their work and the limits of using these technologies. This study stems from a broader research question focused on studying the evolution of automated decision-making systems (ADMS) in journalism in Australia and beyond. Preliminary findings suggest there is no singular approach to automation and there are contrasting views between those who believe ADMS will have a greater impact on the work and others who argue "AI will not replace human journalists in the near future". The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated interest in alternative automation processes.
EXPLORING THE MULTIPLICITY OF COLONIALITY: A FOCUS ON THE AGENCY OF INTERNET PROSUMERS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH IN THE COLONIALITY PROJECT.
Authors: Ooko Gloria Anyango
Published: April 2023

This paper provides a critique to the limitation of decoloniality discourses which take a unilateral approach in which hegemony is seen as originating from the Global North and resistance as located in the Global South. The article therefore aims to “voice” out the silent ways in which internet users in the Global South could be enhancing coloniality and thwarting attempts at decolonisation. Consequently, it seeks to contribute to the theorization of coloniality by privileging the concept of hybridity not as a logic of resistance but as a hegemonic site in which power inequalities and othering is perpetuated. To support the arguments made in this article, two political WhatsApp communities (East Asembo Development Forum and Kabula Forward) in Kenya imagined around the rural physical communities from which members originate, were purposively selected. The goal of both communities is to hold their political leaders accountable and agitate for development. Adapting netnography as a method which allows for researcher immersion in online spaces, data was collected through background listening, interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Data was analysed through a Discursive Material Analysis in which both the WhatsApp technology affordances/constraints and human actors’ actions, were read as text. Findings show that despite the plurality (hybridity) of the composition of the WhatsApp communities, participation is defined through hegemonic capitalism discourse, through which political participation is metaphorically substituted by materialism.
CHILD RIGHTS BY DESIGN: UNBOXING CHILDREN FROM THE CHILD-ONLY DIGITAL CORNER
Authors: Pothong Kruakae , Livingstone Sonia
Published: April 2023

Digital technologies now mediate most, if not all, aspects of children’s lives from learning to lunching, playing, staying connected and building relationships with friends and family. However, the same cannot be said about children’s best interests in the design and operation of today’s digital environment. This paper analyses 52 products and services children use, including consoles, mobile games, wearables, smart toys, EdTech and digital health services, for their features and stated compliance with existing standards and regulations. The analysis reveals that each of these products states compliance with just 5.5 standards and regulations on average. This paper then contributes a framework for digital providers to design children’s rights into their products and services, based on interviews with experts, ranging from designers to lawyers and human rights experts, and workshops with designers from large to start-up companies. It argues that if a digital world is made child-rights-respecting by design, children can explore and reap full benefits of what digital technologies can offer alongside their older counterparts.
ACTIVE CURATION FOR CULTURAL COMMENTARY: YOUNG ADULTS, ALGORITHMS, AND NEWS CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Stepnik Agata Joanna
Published: April 2023

As social media platforms have become a key source of news for younger generations of users (Newman et al., 2021), media plurality and news visibility have become focal areas for scholars concerned about the future of local content in an era of information globalisation (see esp. Dwyer et al., 2020) and algorithmic gatekeeping (Martin, 2021). Consequently, it is crucial to understand how young adults curate their social media feeds to access socially significant information and the impact that their curatorial design has on their news exposure and consumption. This paper presents the findings from a 12 month digital ethnographic study involving 13 young adult Australians and their use of social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and TikTok to highlight the role of individual agency in user experience of news and information.

The findings in this paper examine what users categorise as news on social media, and explores how topics discussed in the media are able to break through onto social media feeds without presentation as formal news reporting. It argues that ‘cultural commentary’ content such as memes, casual discussions between friends, and hot takes from influencers and public figures have the potential to keep users up to date with what is happening in the world, hyper-locally and globally. The analysis of the research data demonstrates that a variety of platform users interact with cultural commentary content, including those who describe themselves as ‘news avoidant’.
EXAMINING OLDER ADULTS DIGITAL INCLUSION THROUGH THE LENS OF INTERSECTIONALITY AND CONTINUITY THEORY
Authors: Van Leeuwen Cora , Jacobs An , Mariën Ilse , Consortium Digital Ageing
Published: April 2023

The possible ubiquitous presence of technology connected to the internet and a growing ageing population has necessitated a renewed interest in the digital inclusion of older adults. The focus on chronological age is a form of ageism as it erases the heterogeneity of the community while over-emphasising a physical attribute. We argue that by introducing a conceptual framework incorporating the intersectionality theory (Crenshaw, 1990) and the continuity theory (CT) (Atchley, 1989, 1999) it is possible to explain the differences found in digital in/exclusion that go beyond chronological age. This would enable a more individualised approach to the current curriculum of digital skill acquirement and to help affect lasting change in digital technology adoption by older adults.

A thematic analysis (Braun&Clarke, 2006) on 26 semi-structured interviews, with self-proclaimed digital technology users aged between 66 and 84, was used to test this conceptual framework. By using both theories it was possible to explain why chronological age cannot be used as an indicator of use or non-use. Rather examining the intersections of their identity in combination with their investments in habits and skills can explain why some older adults benefit more and are able to make use of the internet in comparison to others.
“CHECK YOUR FACTS, FETUS”: #GENZ VS. #MILLENNIALS AND THE ROLE OF TIKTOK IN THE GENERATIONING PROCESS
Authors: Vickery Jacqueline
Published: April 2023

At first glance, the “generational war” between Gen Z and Millennials appears to be merely the latest iteration of an emerging generational cohort demarcating their taste cultures, subjectivities, and values. However, these seemingly trivial and playful debates over who “belongs” on TikTok and who is the “real” social media generation provide a fruitful inquiry into examining the generationing process.

This paper examines the ways that self-proclaimed members of Gen Z and Millennials dyadically use TikTok to co-construct their respective generational consciousness by asking: What role do the platform logics, affordances, memetics, and creative vernaculars of TikTok play in the generationing process, specifically the collective construction of generational borders between Millennials and Gen Z?

I conduct a qualitative discursive analysis of the ways Gen Z and Millennials create dialogical TikTok memes, challenges, and trends to co-construct their respective generational identities. The analysis focuses on the assemblage of the narrative, visual, and audio content of memes alongside the platform logic and affordances that make such memetic participation feasible.

Such an analysis reveals how Gen Z and Millennials are using TikTok to publicly negotiate the borders of their respective generational identities and thus allows for a closer examination of the role of TikTok in the generationing process. Specifically, I demonstrate how the memetic discourse functions as a way for Gen Z to solidify what they perceive as their more progressive values while forcing Millennials to come to terms with the paradoxes of their own problematic values, subjectivities, and positionalities.
WHEN FACT-CHECKING IS NOT WEIRD: CHALLENGES IN FACT-CHECKING BEYOND THE WESTERN WORLD
Authors: Vinhas Otávio Iost , Bastos Marco
Published: April 2023

Fact-checking has rapidly achieved a pivotal role in regulating the public debate globally. Reports show that the fact-checking industry is becoming more diverse, operating across more cultures and languages of recent. However, literature on fact-checking beyond the West is still forthcoming, as empirical research is disproportionally focused on the US. In this paper, we seek to catalog the many different forms of organizing and implementing fact-checks beyond the de facto standard found in Western industrialized countries, where fact-checking streams from journalistic verification practices. We analyzed 37 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with fact-checkers from 35 organizations operating in 27 non-WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. The interviews were conducted in three different languages (English, Portuguese, and Spanish) between March and November of 2021. Interview data was transcribed and translated for downstream analyses using thematic clustering in N-Vivo. Findings show that non-WEIRD fact-checkers endure similar challenges to those reported in Western fact-checking organizations. These challenges are identified through an analysis of seven types of challenges common to non-WEIRD fact-checking organizations, which are associated with and speak to institutional, infrastructural, political, methodological, social, cultural, and linguistic dimensions. We concluded that while fact-checkers are relentless in promoting democratic values worldwide, the standards that support the industry may vary substantially around the world, particularly where truth-seeking practices evolved detached from notions of democracy, truth, and journalistic integrity.
FROM “TEXT FOR LOCATION” TO “NO PHONE ON THE DANCE FLOOR”: NEGOTIATING VISIBILITY IN UNDERGROUND ELECTRONIC/DANCE MUSIC
Authors: Yang Stephen
Published: April 2023

The mediation of mobile and social media technologies has reshaped how people imagine, understand, and, in turn, calibrate the visibility of their self-expression, information sharing, and relationship-building. This paper presents a case study of how promoters and attendees in underground electronic/dance music culture (EDMC) maintained the boundaries of the “underground” by co-constructing norms of mobile and social media use. Drawing upon 20 nights of field observations at live music events and 27 semi-structured interviews with promoters and attendees, I highlighted two scenarios in which promoters and attendees leveraged the spatial and temporal affordances of mobile and social media to calibrate their visibility. First, the last-minute and indirect sharing of event location afforded the community to bar outsiders from entering while allowing insiders to authenticate themselves by navigating to their gatherings. Second, the dialectical shaping between promoters’ venue policies and attendees’ folk theories of phone etiquette maintained a reduced level of mobile media use at such gatherings. These practices brought to light how mobile and social media afford new spatial-temporal conditions of visibility and bring forth new possibilities for people to not only manage – but play with visibility.
SMART SPEAKERS AND DATA RELATIONS IN FAMILIES WITH YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Zaffaroni Lorenzo Giuseppe , Mascheroni Giovanna , Amadori Gaia
Published: April 2023

Due to their internet connectivity and intensive data collection about users and their environments, smart speakers extend the datafication of the domestic environment, while contributing to the normalisation of data relations as an integral part of family everyday life.

Our study extends the analysis of the domestication of smart speakers into the domestic context, family relations, practices and imaginaries. In particular, we provide theoretical and empirical insights into the study of datafication as a diverse, situated and embodied experience.

In order to analyse the emergent and situated relationships (through and with smart speakers), agencies and power structures mobilised in the domestication of smart speakers, we conceptualise families as communicative figurations comprising actors (family members), culture (including technological and surveillance imaginaries), communication practices, and a specific digital media ensemble.

Drawing on mixed-method data, our findings show that communicative figurations involve a reconfiguration of power and agency relating both to traditional axes (status, class, gender and age) and new forms of power enabled by the progressive colonisation of the domestic environment by data colonialism.

We propose and discuss a typification of households along a continuum of positions in family relationships with data between two opposite poles: data-resistants and data-normalisers. Households can negotiate, resist and oppose datafication practices and imaginaries by mobilising various strategies, discourses, meanings and practices.

Ultimately, our theoretical approach and typification allow studying how data practices materialise – and are (partially) accepted, negotiated or rejected – as a specific communicative figuration in each family.
Impact Evaluation of Factors of Internal Audit on Intrnal Audit Effectiveness: The Moderating and Mediating Effect of Ethical Culture and Internal Controls
Authors: Shah Ansar Abbas , Azmat Muhammad , Rasheed Qurat-Ul-Ain , Arshad Arooj
Published: April 2023

The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of independence, management support and external auditors’ cooperation on Effectiveness of Internal Audit. It also investigates the moderating effect of ethical culture and mediating effect of internal controls, between major factors of internal audit (independence, management support and external auditors’ cooperation) and Effectiveness of Internal Audit in private sector of Pakistan. Cross-sectional design was used in this study. Four hundred and eighty (480) questionnaires were distributed among the auditors in the chartered accountants’ firms of Pakistan situated in Lahore on convenience basis.  Sixty-one (61) indicators were measured on five-point Linkert scale from one which refers to strongly disagree to five which denotes strongly agree.  PLS-SEM is used for the analysis of the data. The results show that there is positive relationship between two factors of internal audit (independence and external auditors’ cooperation) and internal controls while the third factor, management support has no relationship. Moreover, the findings show that ethical culture has no moderating effect on the association between internal control system and internal audit effectiveness. Similarly, internal controls positively mediate the relationship between two factors of internal audit (independence and external auditors’ cooperation) and Effectiveness of Internal Audit. Moreover, it demonstrates the value of independence and the collaboration of external auditors in enhancing the efficiency of internal auditing and business performance. The results of this study will direct business entities and other organizations to improve the internal controls for enhancing the effectiveness of internal audit and focus on independence of IAD and external auditors’ cooperation with internal auditors as these factors are very important for getting results from internal audit department in order to achieve goals.
Analysis of the Application of Pedagogical Technology to the Learning of Children with ASD
Authors: Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem
Published: April 2023

Educators' subject-matter knowledge and their understanding of the many ways in which technology may be used to enhance student learning can both benefit from the usage of pedagogical technology, which is the primary goal of this kind of technology. The goal of this study is to determine the extent to which kids with special needs might benefit academically by adopting various forms of technology into their daily routines. This work makes use of descriptive qualitative research together with the methodology and processes that come with case study research. The emphasis of this study was placed on three institutions that welcome students of all abilities. According to the results of the qualitative research, inclusive schools do not universally possess the resources necessary to successfully incorporate technology into the classroom. The results suggest that this teacher occupies a position that is about equivalent to the center of the acceptable range. This displays the instructor's existing proficiency in the use of technology to enhance the results for their students.
Técnica de microabrasión aplicando flúor en barniz y gel acidulado en la eliminación de manchas de hipomineralizacion de dientes permanentes jóvenes realizado en la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle 2012
Authors: Jimenez Tadic Juan Bernardo , Janco Orsolini Julieta Angela
Published: April 2023

Son varias las causas que podrían producir alteraciones a nivel del esmalte en los dientes permanentes, ya sea durante su formación o durante su maduración, lo cual podría ocasionar una mancha blanca denominada hipomineralización del esmalte. En la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle Cochabamba se realizó un trabajo de investigación de tipo prospectivo, experimental y transversal con el objetivo de comparar clínicamente la eficiencia de la técnica de microabrasión con la aplicación de flúor en barniz al 5 % y flúor acidulado en gel al 1,23 % con pH 3,5 para la reducción (o en algunos casos la total eliminación visual de las lesiones de hipomineralización). Se seleccionaron 50 piezas dentales permanentes jóvenes anteriores con hipomineralización en la cara vestibular en niños entre 6 y 12 años, que fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: 25 piezas dentarias tratadas con la técnica de microabrasión con flúor en barniz 5 % y 25 piezas con la técnica de microabrasión con flúor en gel al 1,23 % realizando ocho aplicaciones, una por semana para cada diente. El tratamiento de microabrasión con piedra pómez, más la aplicación de flúor, logró reducir visualmente la mancha blanca producida por hipomineralización en el esmalte dental, aunque el resultado podría mejorarse al emplear una piedra pómez de granulación fina o extrafina. Los incisivos centrales permanentes fueron las piezas más afectadas (42 %) siendo el flúor en barniz (45,5 %) más eficaz que el flúor en gel (40 %) logrando reducir la mancha blanca (probablemente debido a que su liberación es lenta y prolongada).
Manual de medicina legal en emergencias
Authors: Carvajal Oviedo Hugo Eduardo
Published: April 2023

La medicina legal, por excelencia, es una ciencia basada en evidencias, ya que sólo admite como verdad aquello que es evidenciable, probado y ordenado, haciendo posible entender cómo funcionan los procesos biológicos, físicos, químicos o patológicos del ser humano, desde su estado embriológico hasta su muerte y como éstos a su vez se convierten en una evidencia que permite otorgar un criterio técnico y científico al Ministerio de Justicia, Poder Judicial y abogados para el ejercicio de sus funciones. De esa manera se convierte en un vínculo entre la medicina y el derecho.
Prevalencia de la enfermedad celíaca en pacientes del Hospital UNIVALLE 2016-2017
Authors: Borda Zambrana Jacqueline , Flores Edson , Vasquez Sarah , Abularach Yhassyre
Published: April 2023

La enfermedad celiaca es una enteropatía crónica de la mucosa del intestino delgado causada por la intolerancia al gluten que resulta en atrofia vellositaria, malabsorción y síntomas clínicos que se manifiestan en la niñez o adultez. La patogenia consiste en la interacción de las proteínas presentes en el trigo, cebada, avena y centeno, entre factores genéticos, inmunológicos y ambientales que interactúan con las moléculas de antígenos leucocitarios humanos para activar una respuesta inmunológica en la mucosa del intestino delgado, produciendo daño tisular. Los test serológicos y la biopsia duodenal (el estándar de oro) son importantes para el diagnóstico. 

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal a 23 pacientes que acudieron a consulta de gastroenterología en el Hospital UNIVALLE Cochabamba en el periodo 2016 - 2017, donde se determinaron las pruebas EMA, tTGA y antigliadina y endoscopia alta, observándose mayor positividad en el sexo femenino que en el masculino.

Estudios realizados en Europa, Estados Unidos y Latinoamérica han encontrado frecuencias de esta enfermedad entre 1/100-1/300 y el diagnóstico depende del grado de sospecha clínica. Los datos de prevalencia hallados confirman que la enfermedad celíaca constituye un problema de salud pública en nuestro país, que podría justificar la instauración de un programa de estudio. Las regiones con una mayor prevalencia (1 %) se encuentran en Europa y EE. UU, donde la alimentación tradicional se basa en alimentos con gluten. Se atendieron 10801 pacientes durante las gestiones 2016 y 2017, con una prevalencia de 0,21 %, observándose una poca prevalencia en nuestro país debido a la falta de estudios y la clínica.
Variación en el origen de la arteria vertebral izquierda: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Yupanqui Manuel Alejandro , García Meza Hugo Vincent , Rojas Camila Valeria x , Aguirre Rafaela Maria , Vargas Karen Jhovana , Siles Carlos Miguel
Published: April 2023

Los vasos vertebrales son vasos cervicales profundos, originados generalmente de las arterias subclavias. Con el objetivo de documentar y dara conocer a los profesionales de medicina la existencia de una variante (que discrepa de la teoría), se reporta este caso resultante de una disección de rutina realizada en el anfiteatro de la Universidad del Valle, La Paz. Se trata de un hallazgo incidental único encontrado en el lado izquierdo de una pieza cadavérica, en la cual la arteria vertebral presenta un origen aberrante, con nacimiento de forma directa del arco aórtico entre las arterias carótida primitiva y subclavia, con importante relación con el vago del mismo lado. La literatura refiere el origen de esta arteria como rama colateral de la arteria subclavia; diversos estudios (tanto en piezas cadavéricas como imagenológicos) indican incidencias de 3 y 8,3% respecto a diversas variantes de la arteria vertebral y otros ramos del cayado aórtico antes del 2000, posteriormente se tienen datos de 2,4 y 5,8% (habiendo mucha discrepancia en el tema). Un estudio obtuvo en 2016 un 84,6% de incidencia, siendo esto más relevante, además que incluyó la variante en el tipo III según Liechty. Estos datos presentados, junto con el hallazgo en estudio, nos llevan a concluir que el origen aberrante de la arteria vertebral izquierda es muy frecuente y su incidencia aumenta proporcionalmente, denotando mucha variación de resultados entre investigadores, pero no así su importancia en el ámbito clínico quirúrgico para evitar confusiones y diagnósticos errados.
Tunable optics with ultra-thin metasurfaces
Authors: Neshev Dragomir
Published: April 2023

Optical metasurfaces are sub-wavelength patterned surfaces that interact strongly with light. The field has been driven by the key advantages of this technology, including the ultimate miniaturization of optical elements, empowering novel functionalities that process hidden modalities of light, and the opportunity to tune their properties on demand. Several exciting applications have been demonstrated over the past years, including high-efficiency metalenses and holograms. However, many exciting new applications require metasurfaces with dynamically reconfigurable and programable functionalities. Such applications include 3D imaging, holographic displays, and light detection and ranging (LIDAR). This talk will overview the recent advances and challenges in reconfiguring optical metasurfaces. I will discuss metasurface tunability by controlling their surrounding environment and constituent elements. In particular, I will present the development of electrically driven thermo-optical metasurfaces to perform fast amplitude modulation. We demonstrate multi-pixel operation with over 70% transmission modulation. I will also discuss liquid crystal-tunable metasurfaces for full-range phase-only modulation. The presented developments aim to advance the field of tunable optical metasurface for real-world applications of active meta-optics.
Forms and Performances of Collective Agricultural Innovations: The Example of Warrantage System Management in Benin
Authors: Machioudou Samsoudine I. , Moumouni-Moussa Ismail , Baco Mohamed Nasser
Published: April 2023

How to innovate collectively to face common challenges? This study seeks to investigate the performance of collective innovation within warrantage systems in Benin. Employing the "snowball" technique, primary data was gathered from six organizations involved in promoting warrantage systems via semi-structured interviews, which were subsequently analyzed through discourse analysis. The performance of collective innovations was evaluated by means of six focus groups with stakeholders and semi-structured interviews with management committees. Economic efficiency, member interaction, external relations, and sustainability of the system are the performance indicators. The findings revealed three distinct forms of collective innovation: collective innovation based on cognitive proximity, that based on social proximity and that based on organizational proximity. Collective innovation based on organizational proximity demonstrated the most favorable performance. The performance of collective innovation is determined by the actor’s interaction capacity.
PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE MODULAR MEDICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM: STUDENT SURVEY
Authors: АБДУЛЛАЕВА Г.М. , САГАТБАЕВА Н.А. , УМБЕТОВА Л.Ж. , БАТЫРХАНОВ Ш.К. , ЖУМАНБАЕВА К.Р. , АБИРОВА А.Ч. , КАЛЖАНОВ Ж.Р. , ТУРГИМБЕКОВА Н.Ж. , САЙРАНКЫЗЫ С.
Published: April 2023

Реализация модульной системы в медицинском образовании требует тщательного подбора учебного материала, объединения усилий междисциплинарной команды преподавателей, состыковки тематики занятий, заложенных в одном модуле в условиях многопрофильных клинических дисциплин. Целью данной работы является апробация анкеты, разработанной для оценки различных аспектов процесса обучения студентов на кафедре пропедевтики детских болезней. В проведенном исследовании получены предварительные данные, описывающие процесс внедрения и принятия модульной системы студентами 3-го курса в КазНМУ. Количественный и качественный анализ результатов анкетирования подтверждает, что модульная система принимается студентами, а также определяет направления совершенствования процесса преподавания: организация обучения, форма подачи теоретических знаний, ориентированность на практику, повышение языковой компетенции преподавателей, что задает основу формирования профессионализма будущих врачей.

Медициналық білім беруде модульдік жүйені іске асыру оқу материалын мұқият таңдауды, оқытушылардың пәнаралық командасының күш-жігерін біріктіруді, көп маманды клиникалық пәндер жағдайында бір модульге біріктірілген сабақтар тақырыптарын түйістіруді талап етеді. Біздің жұмысымыздың мақсаты бала аурулары пропедевтикасы кафедрасында студенттерді оқыту процесінің әртүрлі аспектілерін бағалау үшін әзірленген сауалнаманы апробациялау болды. Жүргізілген зерттеуде ҚазҰМУ-да 3-курс студенттерінің модульдік жүйені енгізу және қабылдау үдерісін сипаттайтын алдын ала деректер алынды. Сауалнама нәтижелерінің сандық және сапалық талдауы модульдік жүйенің студенттермен қабылданатынын растайды, сондай-ақ оқыту процесін жетілдіру бағыттарын айқындайды: оқытуды ұйымдастыру, теориялық білімді беру нысаны, тәжірибеге бағдарлану, оқытушылардың тілдік құзыреттілігін арттыру, бұл болашақ дәрігерлердің кәсібилігін қалыптастырудың негізін қалайды.

The implementation of a modular system in medical education requires a careful selection of teaching material, combining the efforts of an interdisciplinary team of teachers, docking the topics of classes laid down in a single module in the context of multidisciplinary clinical disciplines. The aim of our work was to test a questionnaire designed to assess various aspects of student learning at the Department of Pediatric Propaedeutics. The conducted study obtained preliminary data describing the process of implementation and adoption of the modular system by 3rd year students at KazNMU. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of questioning results confirms that the modular system is accepted by students, and also determines directions of teaching process improvement: organization of training, form of theoretical knowledge presentation, orientation on practice, increase of teachers' language competence, which sets the basis for formation of future doctors' professionalism.
Frederick II and the Crusades, 1217–1250
Authors: Pacifico Marcello
Published: April 2023

All the Crusades of the first half of the thirteenth century have Frederick II as protagonist, the actor who was always ready to play a role even when absent. In these roles, he was successively the emperor of the Last Times of the First Crusade of Damietta managed by the legate Pelage and by King John of Brienne, the humble pilgrim of the Crusade of Jaffa who became known as the new King Solomon, the director of the Crusade of Ascalon managed by the faithful Theobald of Champagne and by his brother-in-law Richard of Cornwall, and the partner of the Second Crusade of Damietta sought by Saint Louis, even if he was depicted as the antichrist by the pope. This article deals with the relationships between the sovereign and the chiefs of the other crusading expeditions held before and after the First Crusade of Damietta.
Phytotoxic Impact of Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) Pericarps on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: A Mohamed Osman , I Warrag and Essam , Warrag
Published: April 2023

Phytotoxic effects of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) pericarps onseed germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) wereinvestigated. Aqueous extracts of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g of drymesquite pericarps in a litre of distilled water were used. Final seedgermination percentage and germination rate, evaluated with correctedgermination rate index, and days to 50% of the final seed germination,were significantly reduced. Likewise were the radicle and the hypocotyllengths, five days after germination. The magnitude of the reductionincreased with the increase of extract concentration. Mannitol solutionswith the same osmotic potential and pH as the aqueous extracts resulted insignificantly higher values of these traits than their correspondingextracts. This indicates that mesquite pericarp contains allelochemicalswhich could detrimentally affect seed germination and seedling growth oflettuce.
A Note on the Incidence of Potato Tuber Moth,
Authors: Mohamed Ensaf S.I. , Kaila Lauri
Published: April 2023

An outbreak of larvae of a devastating moth was observed in an eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) field at Elselate Scheme, Khartoum State, Sudan, during April2007, with symptoms such as foliage-mining, leaf defoliation and fruit burrowing underthe calyx and through the fruit skin. The pest incidence was sufficient to causesignificant yield loss in most fields. Larvae of the pest were collected and reared in thelaboratory in Shambat Research Station. Adult moths of the order Lepidoptera emerged.Specimens of the pest and photographs of the symptoms were sent to the FinnishMuseum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland, for identification. The pestwas identified as Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) which hadalready been reported in Sudan as a pest on potato and tomato.
Report of Leyptocybe invasa Fisher & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Gall Wasp of Eucalyptus in Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Moawia E. , Mohamed Ensaf S. I. , Beldo Nafisa H. , Abdalla Suzan M.
Published: April 2023

The presence of Leyptocybe invasa was noted on seedlings of Eucalyptuscamaldulensis, showing galls, in the nursery of the National Forestry Corporation atSoba, Khartoum State, Sudan. Galling caused twisting of leaves and stunting ofseedlings growth. About 100 000 seedlings were infested, and the percentage ofinfestation ranged between 85% and 100% on 1.5- 7.0 month-old seedlings. This is thefirst record of L. invasa in Sudan
Calculation of K Uptake by Two Crops Grown under Field Conditions Using a Mechanistic Model
Authors: El Dessougi Hanadi I.
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to compare simulated andactual potassium uptake by two crops, using soil and plant parametersobtained from a field experiment conducted in 2003, in Bavaria, southernGermany. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. Kawetina) and wheat (Triticumaestivum L.cv. Star) were grown on a sandy clay loam in the field. The Ktransport in soil and uptake by the plants were simulated by a mechanisticmodel which encompasses uptake by root hairs as well. A sensitivityanalysis was carried out in an attempt to understand the significance ofsingle soil and plant parameters for nutrient uptake. The simulation modelcalculated only 34 % of the measured sugar beet uptake throughout thegrowing period. The lowest calculated K influx (only 9 % of measuredvalue) corresponded to the period June 24th–July 8th of highest actualuptake. Sensitivity analysis showed that, under low K concentrations, Kconcentration in the soil solution was the most important factorcontrolling K uptake, especially for sugar beet. This indicates that rootsmay have increased the K concentration in soil solution by chemicalmobilization. Research is needed to understand the mechanism by whichthis is achieved.
Weed Survey on Wheat in the Northern State, Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Mukhtar Abdel Aziz
Published: April 2023

A weed survey was conducted in seven locations in Dongolaarea during the winter season of 2008/2009 to determine the mostprevalent weed species associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Astratified random sampling procedure was adopted and each location wasdivided into fields, of which 10 were randomly selected. Number ofindividual weed species was determined in 10 quadrates, each 1 m 2 . Thefield density, field frequency, field uniformity, relative field density,relative field frequency, relative field uniformity and relative abundanceof the species were determined. The data revealed the presence of 29species of annual and perennial weeds belonging to 15 families. Thehighest number of species occurred in Elmasakeen and Sheikh Shareef,while the lowest was recorded in Selaim basin. Sinapis arvensis, Cynodondactylon, Malva palviflora, Convolvulus arvensis, Chenopodium albumand Sorghum arundinaceum occurred at high relative abundance. Specieswith moderate relative abundance were Cyperus rotundus, Trigonellahamosa, Eruca sativa, Chenopodium murale and Sinapis alba. The otherspecies occurred in few locations and exhibited low to very low relativeabundance
Fenugreek Seeds Extracts as Growth Regulatory and Feeding Inhibitor for the African Melon Lady Bird Beetle Henosepilachna elaterii (Rossi)
Authors: Mahmoud Asma Khalid , Abdelbagi Azhari Omer
Published: April 2023

This study aimed at investigating the effect of the extracts offenugreek seeds on feeding and development of the African melonladybird beetle, Henosepilachna elaterii. (Rossi). Seeds of fenugreek(Trigonella foenum-graceum) were extracted by distilled water andorganic solvents (chloroform, acetone and ethanol), and the extracts weretested against the African melon ladybird beetle under laboratoryconditions. Both aqueous and organic extracts showed significant growthregulatory activities, mainly prolonging the larval duration. The effectwas clear in late instars. The organic extracts showed strong feedinginhibitory activity against the fourth larval instar, where the amounts offood consumed inversely related to dose. The effects induced by acetoneand ethanol extracts were greater than chloroform extract. Phytochemicalgroups present in various fractions were identified. Various aspects ofefficacy against the test insect are discussed
Storks' Diversity, Flock Characteristic, Roosting Ecology and Fluctuation in Numbers in Some Mayas at Dinder National Park, Sudan, During the Dry Seasons 2009 and 2010
Authors: Meina Omer M. , Hashim Ibrahim M.
Published: April 2023

Storks were studied by directly observing them in the Maya(meadow) ecosystem of Dinder National Park (DNP) during the dryseasons of 2009 and 2010. The objective was to determine their diversity,flock characteristics, roosting ecology and the annual fluctuation in theirnumbers. The numbers were ascertained by the double samplingprocedure in which the number of each stork species in a flock wasestimated and was then directly counted. A predictive model wasdeveloped from the relationship between the counted and the estimatedvariables. Subsequently, the number was only estimated and the actualcount was predicted from the regression model. The tree density wasdetermined by the nearest neighbour method. The crown diameters of thetrees were measured, and the crown areas were calculated. Eight speciesof storks; namely, the black (Ciconia nigra), the white (Ciconia ciconia),the Abdim’s (Ciconia abdimii), the yellow-billed (Mycteria ibis), theAfrican open bill (Anastomus lamelligerus), the woolly-necked (Ciconiaepiscopus), the marabou (Leptoptilos crumeniferus) and the saddle bill(Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis), occurred in DNP. The black and thewhite storks are Palearctic migrants, whereas the Abdim's, the woolly-necked, the African open bill and the yellow-billed are local migrants; themarabou and the saddle bill are resident. The three species that occurredin large flocks were the yellow-billed, the marabou and the open bill. Thetotal number of storks in 2010 was lower than that in 2009. This declinewas attributed to severe drought that struck the DNP in 2010.
Response of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] to Phosphorus and Nitrogen Fertilization under Rainfed Conditions, Blue Nile State – Sudan*
Authors: El Mahi Yousif E. , Salih Tarig M. N.
Published: April 2023

Two field experiments were conducted on a Typicchromusterts, fine, smectitic, isohyperthermic soil series in the DamazinResearch Station farm during two seasons (2005/06 and 2006/07). Theobjective was to investigate the effect of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)and their interactions on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] growthand grain yield. A randomized complete block design with four replicateswas used to execute the experiments. Plant height, grain yield and drymatter were significantly increased by N and P applications, in bothseasons.The average yield of sorghum grain in the two seasons was 0.6tons ha-1 for the control and 4.4 tons ha-1 for the highest fertilizer treatment(P 80 N80 ). There were mutually synergistic effects between N and P whichsignificantly (P<0.0001) promoted growth and yield of sorghum.Phosphorus enhanced nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency and viceversa. At all N applications, phosphorus use efficiency tended to decreasewith increase in the rate of P application. The highly significant responseof sorghum to P and N fertilizers warrant recommending their applicationunder the rainfed conditions of Damazin, Sudan.
Effect of BA on Bud Grafting in Grapefruit
Authors: Abedrabo Ikhlas Rabie , Said Abdel Gaffar Elhag , Mohamed Tag el Sir Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

Experiments were conducted at Shambat Research Station,Agricultural Research Corporation, Khartoum North, to test the effect ofconcentrations and application methods of benzyladenine (BA), as a pre-budding treatment, on scion bud-break and shoot elongation of grapefruit(Citrus paradisi Macf. cv. “Redblush”). Nine- to twelve- months old sourorange (Citrus aurantium L.) seedlings were used as rootstock. Twoapplication methods of BA (foliar and soaking) were evaluated. Theresults showed that increasing BA concentration increased all parametersmeasured relative to the controls, irrespective of the application method.The highest percentage of bud-break, the largest number of leaves, thelongest scion shoots and the most growth rating values were obtainedwith soaking in 400 mg BA/litre treatment, compared with the control orthe lower or higher BA concentrations tested or plants treated with thefoliar application method. No significant differences were obtainedamong BA concentrations tested or application methods used on scionshoot length. However, soak application method gave high values for allparameters measured compared with the soak application method.Treatment duration had no effect on the efficiency of BA on bud break.
Effect of Irrigation Water Management on Growth of Date Palm offshoots (Phoenix dactylifera) under the River Nile State Conditions*
Authors: Ibrahim Yassir Mohamed , Saeed Amir Bakheit , Elamin Ali Widaa Mohammed
Published: April 2023

the objective of this study was to investigate the effect ofdifferent irrigation water managements on the vegetative growth of datepalm offshoots. The experimental work was conducted at the JordanianBashair project in the River Nile State, for two consecutive seasons (2007and 2008). Two irrigation methods were used with three amounts ofirrigation water. The irrigation methods were the conventional basinsystem and two bubbler types, a locally made and an imported bubbler(Rain bird). The amounts of irrigation water were 50%, 75% and 100% ofthe crop irrigation requirement, as determined by CROPWAT computermodel version 2003, using the average of 30 years data. Data werecollected on plant height, stem size and number of leaves per offshoot, atage 12 months. The treatment affected significantly (P< 0.01) the growthparameters. The imported bubbler gave the highest mean values ofgrowth parameters, while the basin irrigation gave the lowest values. Thesame result was obtained with 100% Etc, compared with 75 % and 50 %Etc. The interaction of the irrigation system and amount of wateringsignificantly affected the growth parameters. The imported bubbler with100% Etc gave the highest average values of growth parameters, andbasin irrigation with 50% Etc showed the lowest values.