bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Clinical Foetal Weight and Ultrasonography Detected Foetal Weight
Authors: Firdousi Tahmida , Begum Taslima , Hafez Fahmida , Mohammad Nur , Ahmad Ashfaq , Amin ABM Ruhul
Published: September 2019

Background: Comparison of foetal weight detection between clinical examination and ultrasonography is very important. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the detection of foetal weight between clinical examination and ultrasonography.

Methodology: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Rajshahi Medical Hospital Hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi, Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2014 for a period of 2(two) years. Pregnant women with known gestational age at term (38 to 40 weeks of pregnancy), singleton pregnancy with longitudinal lie were included in this study. The clinical estimation of foetal weight was done. Foetal weight was estimated by using Johnson’s formula. The patient was then taken to Dept. of Radiology & Imaging, RMCH. Ultrasonographic estimation of foetal weight was done from estimation of foetal abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD) and foetal femur length (FL). All the weights measured by ultrasound were recorded in the data sheet.

Result: A total number of 245 pregnant women in term pregnancy were recruited as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Table 1 shows age distribution of the study subjects. The mean age was 26.42 (SD ± 4.46). Low birth weight was found 12(4.9%) cases in ultrasonographic examination and 14(5.7%) cases in clinical measurement. Overweight was found 13(5.2%) cases in ultrasonographic examination and 16(6.5%) cases in clinical measurement. The mean with SD of birth weight among the study population were 3283.27±461.05 gram and 2870.41±424.84 gram in clinical and Ultrasonographic examination respectively (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion clinical estimation of foetal weight is significant differed with the measurement of USG.

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(2):92-96
Antimicrobial Activity of N-ariliden(alkylidene)hydrazides of Carboxymethylalginic Acid
Authors: Kosareva D. N. , Ananieva E. P. , Iozep A. A.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Nowadays, due to the emergence of new broad-spectrum antibiotics and synthetic chemotherapeutic agents, the use of nitrofuran has significantly decreased. At the same time, they remain important for the treatment of urinary tract infections and intestinal infections, as well as local antiseptics. However, low solubility in water, the possibility of undesirable reactions, as well as the absence of prolonged action significantly limit their use. It is known that the inclusion of biologically active substances in the polysaccharide molecule allows improving the already known drugs while changing their properties. Thus, the introduction of the 5-nitrofuran cycle in native alginic acid and some of its derivatives led to the emergence of antifungal activity and improved solubility. However, the information about the antimicrobial activity of N-arylidene(alkyliden)hydrazides of carboxymethylalginic acid in the literature are practically absent.

Aim. Synthesis and study of antimicrobial activity of N-arylidene(alkyliden)hydrazides of carboxymethylalginic acid with different content of a biologically active fragment.

Materials and methods. For the proof of the structure of the synthesized substances were used IRand UV-spectroscopy, antimicrobial activity was analyzed by double serial dilution on the test-cultures Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.

Results and discussion. With the introduction of 5-nitrofurfural and β-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrolein into the carboxymethylalginic acid, samples with antimicrobial activity were obtained, whose spectrum of action differs from furacilin. Thus, in the polymer acylhydrazones β-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrolein of alginic acid, a high antifungal action against C. albicans was found, the fungistatic and fungicidal action reaches 1,8 and 3,6 µg/ml.

Conclusion. The synthesized samples of polymer acylhydrazones 5-nitrofurfural and β-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrolein have antimicrobial action, and unlike furacilin are highly soluble in water and do not irritate the skin and mucous membranes. The content of 5-nitrofuran fragment, at which the maximum antimicrobial activity is achieved, is revealed.
The Method of Express Measurement of Moisture of Bulk Material During Pneumo Transport Process in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Based on the Pockels Effect (Review)
Authors: Gulyaev V. G. , Gulyaev I. V.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The article presents data on the development and implementation of a method for measuring the moisture content of bulk material during its pneumatic transport in pharmaceutical production. The method of measuring moisture is theoretically based on the physical Pockels effect. An analysis of the currently existing pharmacopoeial methods for monitoring the quantitative water content and methods of in-process control of the drying process is presented. The development of new methods and technical means that provide the necessary speed and accuracy of moisture measurement is an important task, especially in the pharmaceutical industry to control the residual moisture of the starting materials, intermediate products during their production and finished products.

Text. Analysis of the theoretical assumptions for the method and technical systems for measuring the mass of bulk dielectric materials during their pneumatic conveying shows the ability to measure the moisture content of the bulk dielectric material transported by air through a pipeline in a new non-contact manner. The proposed method is based on one measurable parameter – the intensity of the light wave passing through the Pockels cell. A block diagram of the system developed by the authors for automated moisture measurement of bulk dielectric materials with an electrooptical Poсkels cell is presented. The article describes a method for measuring moisture, based on the Pockels effect, for bulk material during its pneumatic transport.

Conclusion. The proposed method of measuring moisture is contactless, just technically feasible, has a high speed and measurement accuracy, since it is based on the Pockels effect. The method is universal for determining the moisture content of bulk dielectric materials in the process of their pneumatic transportation. The above advantages of this method suggest the possibility of its successful application in pharmaceutical production.
Comparative Analysis of Perspective Extragation Methods for Receiving Extractions from Fenugreek Seeds
Authors: Belokurov S. S. , Flisyuk E. V. , Narkevich I. A. , Luzhanin V. G. , Shilov S. V. , Novikova K. O.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Today, innovative technologies are widely used in pharmacology (in particular, in the production of herbal preparations), in cosmetology (obtaining various extracts and oils, complex preparations), as well as in the food industry (as natural dyes, etc.). Plant extracts with a high level of risk do not have a harmful effect on the human body, except that they provide environmental safety, which creates a special interest for the pharmaceutical industry . vibrocavitation and supercritical fluid CO2 extraction.

Aim. The choice of the optimal level of extraction to obtain a high level of fenugreek seeds.

Materials and methods. Obtaining a vibrocavitation extract with an experimental vibration-explosive installation made at the Department of Processes and Apparatus of the St. Petersburg State Technology Institute. Extracts at a temperature of 60±2 ºС. The frequency of revolutions of the homogenizer ranged from 1000 to 5000 rpm. Ultrasonic impact using ultrasound unit I100-6/4 Ultrasonic effect on solid plant material with an intensity of 22 kHz for 60 minutes. The time of extraction in a vibro-cavitation extractor-homogenizer was studied for optimal values.

Supercritical fluid CO2-extraction is obtained in two versions with the use of extragent (96% ethanol in the presence of carbon dioxide: ethanol 9:1) and without it. Extraction of the sound of a supercritical fluid extraction system with a 1-liter vessel. SFE1000-2-BASE with a kit for upgrading the SFE1000-2-BASE system to an SFE1000M1-2-FMC50 system (Waters, USA). The flow rate of the extractant was 60 g/min. Emergency listening for one hour and pressure 200, 300 and 400 bar. Extraction is observed three times. The obtained extracts indicate the amount of extractive substances according to article of Russian state pharmacopoeia 1.5.3.0006.15 «Determination of the content of extractive substances in plant raw materials and medicinal plant preparations». Quantitative determination of the saponin complex of parasitic seed seeds on an Agilent QTOF-6530 chromatograph with two ESI and APCI ionization sources according to Gravel et al.

Results and discussion. Studies have allowed to determine the amount of extractives in the seeds and choose the most promising method. Conclusion. As a result of our research, it was found that the most promising extraction method for extracting seeds is a parasitic with vibration extraction at frequent revolutions of the homogenizer of 5000 rpm and an extraction time of 60 minutes.
Development and Validation of Approach for the Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies Against Insulin (Glargine) in Human Blood Plasma
Authors: Abramenko N. A. , Vnukova P. I. , Golovina E. S. , Makarenko I. E. , Mosikian A. A. , Nikiforova A. G. , Gremyakova P. A. , Kazey V. I.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. IImmunogenicity identification of therapeutic proteins, such as human insulin analogues, is one of the most relevant and significant area in medicine and pharmaceuticals. Determination the possibility of producing neutralizing antibodies to insulin reducing the therapeutic effect of the drug, is an important step to understand the pharmacological profile of the drug. Applying of cell-based methods one allows to determinate neutralizing antibodies to insulin.

Aim. Development and validation methods for detection of neutralizing antibodies against insulin in human plasma.

Materials and methods. The method is based on the use of the iLiteTM Insulin Assay Ready Cells [1], in the genome of which the firefly luciferase reporter gene is introduced under the control of an insulin-dependent promoter. As the insulin concentration increases, the firefly luciferase expression (Firefly) increases, allowing one to use this cell line to estimate the number of neutralizing antibodies against insulin. For normalization by the number of cells and considering the matrix effect of studied samples, the second reporter gene luciferase Renilla is used, which is expressed under the control of a constitutive promoter. The activity of both luciferases was measured using the DualGlo Luciferase Assay System (Promega) assay [2].

Results and discussion. Optimal insulin concentration and plasma/serum dilution were determined to identify neutralizing antibodies to insulin. The long-term stability of neutralizing antibodies to insulin were shown in human plasma for more than 3 months. The developed method was applied in a comparative research of the safety and immunogenicity of insulin analogues (Glargine). Method for the determination of antibodies to insulin was.

Conclusion. A method for determination of neutralizing antibodies to insulin in human K2EDTA plasma was developed and validated using iLiteTM Insulin Assay Ready Cells system; based on the binding of the insulin alpha chain to the high-affinity heterodimeric CD220 receptor.
Higher levels of self-efficacy and readiness for a future career among Spanish-speaking physician assistant students after their volunteer work at a student-run free clinic in the United States
Authors: Weaver Shannon , Hussaini Zainub , Valentin Virginia Lynn , Panahi Samin , Levitt Sarah Elizabeth , Ashby Jeanie , Kamimura Akiko
Published: September 2019

Volunteering at a free clinic may influence career choice among health profession students. The purpose of this study was to explore knowledge, skills, attitudes, self-efficacy, interest in future work with the underserved, and interest in primary care among physician assistant (PA) students through an analysis of demographic characteristics of PA students at a student-run free clinic in the United States. Data were collected from 56 PA students through a quantitative survey in October 2018 after their participation at a student-run free clinic in Salt Lake City, Utah, in the intermountain west region of the USA. Out of the 3 sub-scales (attitudes, effect, and readiness), students responded most positively to items exploring the effect of their experiences of volunteering at the free clinic. Students who spoke Spanish showed higher levels of self-efficacy and readiness for a future career than non-Spanish speakers.
Endothelial-Derived Endothelin-1 Promotes Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: HARTOPO A. B. , ARFIAN N. , NAKAYAMA K. , SUZUKI Y. , YAGI K. , EMOTO N.
Published: September 2019

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. Given that endothelial cells are the main source of ET-1 and ET-1 from other cells may encounter difficulty penetrating vascular compartments, we hypothesize that endothelial-derived ET-1 promotes vascular remodeling secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. We used vascular endothelial ET-1 knock-out (VEETKO) and Wild type mice for this research. They were given intratracheal bleomycin and euthanized at day 28. We quantified pulmonary fibrosis, measured lung ET-1 and its receptors’ expression, and assessed pulmonary vascular remodeling by calculating medial wall index, muscularization index, adventitial collagen and adventitial fibroblast and macrophage accumulation. Right ventricle remodeling was also assessed. Both VEETKO and Wild type mice developed comparable pulmonary fibrosis and similar fibrosis-related gene expression. Compared to Wild type mice, bleomycin-induced VEETKO mice had lower ET-1 peptide levels (15.4 pg/mg vs. 31.2 pg/mg, p<0.01). Expression of both ET-1 receptors mRNAs were increased in fibrosis models. Bleomycin-induced fibrosis VEETKO mice had significantly less muscularized arterioles, lower muscularization index and attenuated adventitial collagen, fibroblast and macrophage accumulation as compared to that of Wild type mice. Right ventricular pressure, hypertrophy and fibrosis did not increase both in VEETKO and Wild type mice despite the more enhanced vascular remodeling in Wild type. In conclusion, endothelial-derived endothelin-1 promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling secondary to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Endothelin A Receptor Blockade Improves Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Obese Woman
Authors: GRADIN K. , PERSSON B.
Published: September 2019

Hypertension in obesity is associated with increased insulin resistance, vascular mass and body mass index (BMI). The purpose of the study was to visualize endothelin-1 (ET-1) mediated constriction in arteries isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese hypertensive women previously operated by gastric bypass. Functional studies were conducted in a microvascular myograph. Expressed as percentage of contraction elicited by 124 mM KCl concentration-response curves for ET-1 were shifted leftward in arteries from obese hypertensive patients compared to healthy normotensive subjects. The vasodilator response to the ET-1 antagonist BQ123 (1 µM) was significantly higher in arteries from obese hypertensive patients (p<0.001). BQ123 induced relaxation was inhibited by NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME (0.1 nM). Preincubation with BQ123 enhanced the relaxation induced by acetylcholine (ACh; 0.1 nM – 0.1 mM) (p<0.001), but not that induced by NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 0.1 nM – 0.1 mM), in arteries from obese hypertensive patients. The present study show that hypertension yet prevail after gastric bypass surgery and the ETA receptor antagonist BQ123 may be a useful tool in reducing blood pressure in obese hypertensive patients.
Increased Endothelin-1-Mediated Vasoconstrictor Tone in Human Obesity: Effects of Gut Hormones
Authors: SCHINZARI F. , TESAURO M. , CARDILLO C.
Published: September 2019

The heavy impact of obesity on the development and progression of cardiovascular disease has sparked sustained efforts to uncover the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to vascular dysfunction. Impaired vasodilator reactivity has been recognized as an early hemodynamic abnormality in obese patients, but also increased vasoconstrictor tone importantly contributes to their vascular damage. In particular, upregulation of the endothelin (ET)-1 system, consistently reported in these patients, might accelerate atherosclerosis and its complication, given the pro-inflammatory and mitogenic properties of ET-1. In recent years, a number of gut hormones, in addition to their role as modulators of food intake, energy balance, glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin secretion and action, have demonstrated favorable vascular actions. They increase the bioavailability of vasodilator mediators like nitric oxide, but they have also been shown to inhibit the ET-1 system. These features make gut hormones promising tools for targeting both the metabolic and cardiovascular complications of obesity, a view supported by recent large-scale clinical trials indicating that novel drugs for type 2 diabetes with cardiovascular potential may translate into clinically significant advantages. Therefore, there is real hope that better understanding of the properties of gut-derived substances might provide more effective therapies for the obesity-related cardiometabolic syndrome.
Vitamin D Upregulates Endothelin-1, ETBR, eNOS mRNA Expression and Attenuates Vascular Remodelling and Ischemia in Kidney Fibrosis Model in Mice Vitamin D Upregulates Endothelin-1, ETBR, eNOS mRNA Expression and Attenuates Vascular Remodelling and Ischemia in Kidney Fibrosis Model in Mice
Authors: ARFIAN N. , KUSUMA M. H. H. , ANGGOROWATI N. , NUGROHO D. B. , JEFFILANO A. , SUZUKI Y. , IKEDA K. , EMOTO N.
Published: September 2019

We examined the upregulation of ET-1/ETBR/eNOS signaling in renoprotective effect of vitamin D in kidney fibrosis model in mice using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). One group was treated with intraperitoneal injection of 0.125 mg/kg of Calcitriol (UUO+VD). Vascular remodeling was quantified based on lumen area and lumen/wall area ratio (LWAR) of intrarenal arteries using Sirius Red staining. ET-1, ETBR, eNOS, CD31 and VEGF mRNA expressions were quantified using qRT-PCR. Focusing on endothelin-1 (ET-1) signaling in endothelial cells (EC), siRNA of ET-1 was performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) for reducing ET-1 expression. Then HUVECs were treated with and without 100 nM Calcitriol treatment in hypoxic and normoxic conditions to elucidate ET-1/eNOS signaling. Our in vivo study revealed vascular remodeling and renal ischemia attenuation after Calcitriol treatment. Vascular remodeling was attenuated in the UUO+VD group as shown by increasing lumen areas and LWAR in intrarenal arteries. These findings were associated with significant higher CD31 and VEGF mRNA expression compared to the UUO group. Vitamin D treatment also increased ET-1, ETBR and eNOS mRNA expressions. Our in vitro study demonstrated Calcitriol induced ET-1 and eNOS mRNA expressions upregulation in HUVEC under normoxic and hypoxic condition. Meanwhile, siRNA for ET-1 inhibited the upregulation of eNOS mRNA expression after Calcitriol treatment. Vitamin D ameliorates kidney fibrosis through attenuating vascular remodeling and ischemia with upregulating ET-1/ETBR and eNOS expression.
Temporal Changes of the Endothelin System in Human Cytotrophoblasts During the First Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: MAJALI-MARTINEZ A. , BARTH S. , LANG U. , DESOYE G. , CERVAR-ZIVKOVIC M.
Published: September 2019

The first trimester of pregnancy is characterized by continuous proliferation, invasion and differentiation of cytotrophoblasts. These processes are precisely controlled both, in space and time by molecules such as endothelin-1 (ET-1). ET-1 is expressed in human first trimester trophoblast and is known to stimulate cytotrophoblast proliferation through endothelin A and B receptor subtypes (ETA and ETB), and cytotrophoblast invasion through ETB. However, temporal changes of the ET system during the first trimester of pregnancy have not been previously studied. This study tested the hypothesis that ET-1 release, ETA and ETB expression are increased towards the end of the first trimester of pregnancy (weeks 10-12 vs. weeks 6-9), resulting in increased cytotrophoblast proliferation and invasion. Tissue samples were obtained from 17 surgical pregnancy interruptions (week 6-9: n=9; week 10-12: n=8). After cytotrophoblast isolation, the invasive and proliferative phenotypes were immune-separated by an α6-integrin antibody. Both proliferative and invasive cytotrophoblasts were cultured separately on plastic or Matrigel for 24 h. ET-1 release into the culture medium of both cytotrophoblast subtypes was measured by radioimmunoassay. ETA and ETB mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR, and the ET-1 effect on cytotrophoblast proliferation and invasion was determined using proliferation and invasion assays, respectively. ET-1 release increased from early to late first trimester of pregnancy in both proliferative (1.8-4.5 fold) and invasive cytotrophoblasts (9.3-28 fold), especially when cultured on Matrigel. This was paralleled by less ETB mRNA on invasive cytotrophoblasts independent of the time period in first trimester, whereas ETA expression was similar on proliferative an invasive cytotrophoblasts. Proliferation and invasion of cytotrophoblasts under control conditions decreased from early to late first trimester. ET-1 stimulated both processes at both periods with the most pronounced effect (7-fold) on invasion in late first trimester. The ET-1/ET-receptor system changes between weeks 6-9 and 10-12 in pregnancy. Our data suggest an autocrine and endocrine ET-1 effect, which is stronger in late than in early first trimester of pregnancy paralleled by different stimulatory effects on trophoblast invasion and proliferation. In general, this suggests time as an additional effector of the critical processes governing placental development in the first trimester of human pregnancy.
Endothelin-1 Regulation Is Entangled in a Complex Web of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Diabetes
Authors: BISWAS S. , FENG B. , THOMAS A. , CHEN S. , AREF-ESHGHI E. , SADIKOVIC B. , CHAKRABARTI S.
Published: September 2019

Endothelial cells (ECs) are primary targets of glucose-induced tissue damage. As a result of hyperglycemia, endothelin-1 (ET-1) is upregulated in organs affected by chronic diabetic complications. The objective of the present study was to identify novel transcriptional mechanisms that influence ET-1 regulation in diabetes. We carried out the investigation in microvascular ECs using multiple approaches. ECs were incubated with 5 mM glucose (NG) or 25 mM glucose (HG) and analyses for DNA methylation, histone methylation, or long non-coding RNA- mediated regulation of ET-1 mRNA were then performed. DNA methylation array analyses demonstrated the presence of hypomethylation in the proximal promoter and 5’ UTR/first exon regions of EDN1 following HG culture. Further, globally blocking DNA methylation or histone methylation significantly increased ET-1 mRNA expressions in both NG and HG-treated HRECs. While, knocking down the pathogenetic lncRNAs ANRIL, MALAT1, and ZFAS1 subsequently prevented the glucose-induced upregulation of ET-1 transcripts. Based on our past and present findings, we present a novel paradigm that reveals a complex web of epigenetic mechanisms regulating glucose-induced transcription of ET-1. Improving our understanding of such processes may lead to better targeted therapies.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Pembelian Ulang
Authors: Purbasari Dewi Maharani , Permatasari Dewi Laily
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of service quality and customer satisfaction on repeat purchase. The research method used in this research is quantitative research method. Population in this research is consumer of Yogya Grand Cirebon, with total sample counted 100 respondents. The sampling technique used uses purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used in this study is a questionnaire, with the scale measurement instrument using Likert scale. Data analysis technique used is multiple regression. The results showed that there is a significant influence between service quality and customer satisfaction on repeat purchase, partially and simultaneously. Keywords: Service quality ; Customer satisfaction; Repeat purchase Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pembelian ulang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Yogya Grand Cirebon, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang responden. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan mennggunakan sampling purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner, dengan skala pengukuran instrumen menggunakan skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan konsumen terhadap pembelian ulang, secara parsial dan simultan.  Katakunci:  Kualitas Pelayanan ; Kepuasan pelanggan; Pembelian Ulang
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Underpricing Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2010-2016
Authors: Sembiring Era Franatalia , Rahmawati Gina , Kusumawati Ferby Wijaya
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The aim of this research is to analyze the influencing factors stock underpricing in the year of 2010-2016. This research analyzes the influence Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Return on Equity (ROE), and the firm size to stock underpricing. This research uses purposive sampling method so, from 155 companies of the population, there are 96 companies were selected as research samples. The test consists of a classic assumption test and statistical hypothesis test namely partial test and simultan test uses multiple regressions. The results of the research show partially, variable return on equity (ROE) take effect negatively and significant to underpricing, firm size take effect positively and significant to underpricing, but variable debt to asset ratio (DAR) there is no effect to company underpricing. Simultaneously, debt to asset ratio (DAR), return on equity (ROE), and firm size jointly have a significant effect to underpricing. For further research, is expected to add to the research period and add more research variable allows affect underpricing. Keywords: DAR, IPO, ROE , Size, Underpricing Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi underpricing saham pada tahun 2010-2016. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Return on Equity (ROE), dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap underpricing saham. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling sehingga dari 155 perusahaan yang menjadi populasi terpilih 96 perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel penelitian. Pengujian terdiri dari uji asumsi klasik dan uji hipotesis statistik yaitu uji parsial dan uji simultan menggunakan multiple regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel return on equity (ROE) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap underpricing, ukuran perusahaan (Size) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap underpricing, sedangkan variabel debt to asset ratio (DAR) tidak berpengaruh terhadap underpricing perusahaan. Secara simultan debt to asset ratio (DAR), return on equity (ROE), dan ukuran perusahaan (size) secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap underpricing. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan untuk menambah periode penelitian dan menambah varibel penelitian yang lebih memungkinkan mempengaruhi underpricing.  Kata Kunci : DAR, IPO, ROE , Size, Underpricing
QUALITATIVE BULKY FEEDS IS THE BASE OF ADEQUATE DIETS FOR HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE LIVESTOCK
Authors: Клименко Владимир , Klimenko Vladimir
Published: September 2019

At present we obtain the stable increasing of livestock milk productivity in Russia, but in the same time there is reduction of cows number and deficit of milk production that resolved only by import for 15–25%. The main factor, limited the gain of milk production volumes, is low quality of bulky feeds, the base of livestock rations, the portion of which is compound more than 50% on nutritiousness. Moreover, bulky feeds determine the type of feeding, quantity and quality of including mixed concentrate fodders, bio-additives and feed additives in diets. Experience of advanced specialized farms shows, that Holstein cows able to give 10–12 thousand kg of milk during lactation, whereas Ayrshire cattle — 7.5–8 thousand kg of milk if silage and haylage in diet conforms to requirements of 1 category and contains not less 10 MJ of metabolized energy (9 MJ for hay) and more than 14% of crude protein. Low quality of balky feeds is compensated by exceeding of concentrates in diets, that due negative influence on animal health and decrease the terms of their productive use to 2–2.5 lactations. The enhancing of bulky feeds quality is possible at state supporting of milk branch and realization the complex measures in farms, directed on application the advanced technologies of forage crops cultivation and harvesting, effective approaches of its processing and preservation.
WILD-GROWING FORAGE PLANTS OF THE TVER REGION
Authors: Козлов Николай , Kozlov Nikolay , Малюженец Николай , Malyuzhenets Nikolay , Коровина Валентина , Korovina Valentina , Комкова Тамара , Komkova Tamara , Клименко Ирина , Klimenko Irina , Трухан Владимир , Trukhan Vladimir
Published: September 2019

With the aim of exploring and mobilize genetic resources of forage plants of the Central non-Chernozem region from 01 to 10 August 2017, an expedition survey of wild genetic resources and collection of promising forms in the Tver region was conducted. The route of the expedition passed through Staritsa, Rzhev, Ostashkov, Torzhok, Vyshnevolotsk, Bezhetsk, Kesovogorsk and Kalyazin area. The length of the route was 1.8 thousand kilometers, covering the main ecological and geographical diversity of the Tver region. When examining and collecting the most promising forms of wild food plants of the Tver region have used the qualifiers "Cereals of the USSR" (Tsvelev N.N.), "Herbaceous plants of the USSR": in 2 volumes (editorship T.A. Rabotnov). Field and laboratory about the inspections were conducted in accordance with "Federal instructions for conducting geobotanical survey of the natural pastures and the compilation of large-scale geobotanical maps" (1984). Coordinates of the survey sites and collection of promising forms of forage plants were determined using the Tablet-Navigator "ASUS" and software "Navitel". The richest species diversity of forage plants was found in phytocenoses of floodplain meadows of the Volga river, deposits and lakes of the Tver region watershed. Collected 140 samples of aboriginal food plants of the representatives of the families Gramineae (22 species) and Fabaceae (14 species), promising to replenish the regional collections and the creation of environmentally sustainable varieties of crops. Special interest in Cereals has cocksfoot and fescue, the dominant in most plant communities of the floodplains and reservoirs. Most forms of these species have brown color of stems, leaves and inflorescences, as a reaction of species to recurrent spring frosts.
MAIN RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF SEED PRODUCTION OF PERENNIAL GRASSES IN THE FSUE "POIMA"
Authors: Анисимов Анатолий , Anisimov Anatoly , Комахин Петр , Komakhin Peter , Переправо Николай , Perepravo Nikolay
Published: September 2019

Presents the historical aspects and the current state of breeding and seed production in the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Poima", as well as the prospects for the production of seeds of forage herbs, including their higher reproduction in order to provide farmers and other consumers with high-quality seed. The stages of seed production of perennial grasses in the economy are reflected, the analysis and the importance of seed production for agricultural production, as well as prospects. Special attention is paid to the creation and reproduction of high-yielding varieties of perennial grasses for floodplain conditions, such as awnless brome, fescue, timothy-grass, cocksfoot and other species. It is noted that the special variety of fescue meadow hayfields and pasture ecotype Krasnopoimskaya 92, well adapted to the conditions of flooding in the underground conditions, as well as when growing it on watershed areas, is of great importance in modern conditions of forage production. The article also notes a great prospect of developing tetraploid variety of ryegrass annual Rapid in the system of feed production in floodplain conditions, which can replace to a large extent in the Central, Northern and North-Western regions of unstable productivity of corn, even its early-maturing hybrids. In addition, the publication presents the basic agrotechnical methods of cultivation of seeds of such most sought-after perennial grasses as perennial ryegrass, festulolium, fescue reed, allowing them to obtain high and stable yields.
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Using Multiscale Amplitude-Aware Permutation Entropy and Random Forest
Authors: Chen Yinsheng , Zhang Tinghao , Zhao Wenjie , Luo Zhongming , Sun Kun
Published: September 2019

A rolling bearing is an important connecting part between rotating machines. It is susceptible to mechanical stress and wear, which affect the running state of bearings. In order to effectively identify the fault types and analyze the fault severity of rolling bearings, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on multiscale amplitude-aware permutation entropy (MAAPE) and random forest is proposed in this paper. The vibration signals of rolling bearings to be analyzed are decomposed into different coarse-grained time series by using the coarse-graining procedure in multiscale entropy, highlighting the fault dynamic characteristics of vibration signals at different scales. The fault features contained in the coarse-grained time series at different time scales are extracted by using amplitude-aware permutation entropy’s sensitive characteristics to signal amplitude and frequency changes to form fault feature vectors. The fault feature vector set is used to establish the random forest multi-classifier, and the fault type identification and fault severity analysis of rolling bearings is realized through random forest. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were fully conducted in this paper. The experimental results show that multiscale amplitude-aware permutation entropy can effectively extract fault features of rolling bearings from vibration signals, and the extracted feature vectors have high separability. Compared with other rolling bearing fault diagnosis methods, the proposed method not only has higher fault type identification accuracy, but also can analyze the fault severity of rolling bearings to some extent. The identification accuracy of four fault types is up to 96.0% and the fault recognition accuracy under different fault severity reached 92.8%.
Non-Symmetric Gyroscope Skewed Pyramids
Authors: Lewis Zachary , Ten Eyck Joshua , Baker Kyle , Culton Eryn , Lang Jonathan , Sands Timothy
Published: September 2019

The novel contribution in this manuscript is an expansion of the current state-of-the-art in the geometric installation of control moment gyroscopes beyond the benchmark symmetric skewed arrays and the four asymmetric arrays presented in recent literature. The benchmark pyramid symmetrically skewed at 54.73 degrees mandates significant attention to singularity avoidance, escape, and penetration, while the most recent four asymmetric arrays are strictly useful in instances where space is available to mount at least one gyro orthogonal to the others. Skewed arrays of gyros and the research-benchmark are introduced, followed by the present-day box-90 and “roof” configurations, where the roof configuration is the first prevalently used asymmetric geometry. Six other asymmetric options in the most recent literature are introduced, where four of the six options are obviously quite useful. From this inspiration, several dozen discrete options for asymmetric installations are critically evaluated using two figures of merit: maximum momentum (saturation) and maximum singularity-free momentum. Furthermore, continuous surface plots are presented to provide readers with countless (infinite) options for geometric installations. The manuscript firmly establishes many useful options for engineers who learn that the physical space on their spacecraft is insufficient to permit standard installations.
Effect of A New Housing System on Skin Lesions, Performance and Soiling of Fattening Rabbits: A German Case Study
Authors: Rauterberg Sally L. , Bill Joana , Kimm Sarah , Kemper Nicole , Fels Michaela
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a new housing system for fattening rabbits. Data were collected on a farm with rabbits housed either under new conditions (NC) or established (conventional) conditions (CC). NC housing was characterized by large groups (Ø 58 rabbits, max. 12 rabbits/m2), slatted plastic floor (11 mm slats and 11 mm gaps), elevated platforms with partly solid floor, boxes and different enrichment materials. CC rabbits were kept in small groups (eight rabbits, 23 rabbits/m2) in cages with wire-mesh floor, an elevated platform, a box and one gnawing stick. Skin lesions and weight gain of 524 rabbits, cleanliness of their hind feet as well as their mortality and morbidity were investigated from weaning to slaughter in five batches. The evaluations showed higher daily weight gain (46.3 ± 6.0 g vs. 43.1 ± 5.5 g) and final weight (2878 ± 328 g vs. 2707 ± 299 g), as well as a lower cumulative lesion score at the middle of the fattening period in NC than in CC rabbits. Nevertheless, cleanliness of hind feet was assessed to be worse and mortality was higher in the NC housing. The NC system provided some benefits in terms of animal welfare compared to the conventional system, but hygienic challenges posed by this system make further adjustment necessary.
Solid-State Yeast Fermented Wheat and Oat Bran as A Route for Delivery of Antioxidants
Authors: Călinoiu Lavinia Florina , Cătoi Adriana-Florinela , Vodnar Dan Cristian
Published: September 2019

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential of solid-state yeast fermentation (SSYF) in improving the phenolic acid content and composition, and the antioxidant activity of commercial wheat bran (WB) and oat bran (OB). The ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts were compared for their total phenolic content (TPC), phenolics composition, and in vitro antioxidant activity in order to study the effect of fermentation time on the chemical profile and activity of bioactive compounds. The comparative analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between days of fermentation (0 through 6). The highest TPCs were obtained on day 3 for WB (0.84 ± 0.05 mg of gallic acid equivalents [GAE]/g dry weight [DW]), and on day 4 for OB (0.45 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DW). The highest relative percentage increase in the phenolics concentration of WB was also registered on day 3 (ferulic acid +56.6%, vanillic acid +259.3%, dihydroxybenzoic acids +161.2%, apigenin-glucoside +15.3%); for OB, this was observed on day 4 (avenanthramide 2f +48.5%, ferulic acid +21.2%). Enhanced antioxidant activities were significantly correlated with the highest TPCs. Our results suggest that SSYF may be a useful procedure for enrichment of antioxidants in cereal bran, considering the design of different functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Hormetic and Mitochondria-Related Mechanisms of Antioxidant Action of Phytochemicals
Authors: Franco Rafael , Navarro Gemma , Martínez-Pinilla Eva
Published: September 2019

Antioxidant action to afford a health benefit or increased well-being may not be directly exerted by quick reduction-oxidation (REDOX) reactions between the antioxidant and the pro-oxidant molecules in a living being. Furthermore, not all flavonoids or polyphenols derived from plants are beneficial. This paper aims at discussing the variety of mechanisms underlying the so-called “antioxidant” action. Apart from antioxidant direct mechanisms, indirect ones consisting of fueling and boosting innate detox routes should be considered. One of them, hormesis, involves upregulating enzymes that are needed in innate detox pathways and/or regulating the transcription of the so-called vitagenes. Moreover, there is evidence that some plant-derived compounds may have a direct role in events taking place in mitochondria, which is an organelle prone to oxidative stress if electron transport is faulty. Insights into the potential of molecules able to enter into the electron transport chain would require the determination of their reduction potential. Additionally, it is advisable to know both the oxidized and the reduced structures for each antioxidant candidate. These mechanisms and their related technical developments should help nutraceutical industry to select candidates that are efficacious in physiological conditions to prevent diseases or increase human health.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Obstacles of the Multi-Functionality of Land Use in Xiangxi, China
Authors: Xiang Hui , Yang Qing-Yuan , Su Kang-chuan , Zhang Zhong-Xun
Published: September 2019

The multi-functionality of land as the basis of land use and utilization is under increasing investigation. This study assesses the spatiotemporal dynamic multi-functionality of land use and analyzes the obstacle indicators in Xiangxi using two methods, i.e., the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the hierarchical weighting method (HWM). First, we found that the total function level of land use in Xiangxi was constantly optimized. Spatial heterogeneity was clearer. Land use had a trend toward diversification, with a focus on production or living function. The coordination of multifunctional land use has undergone certain changes. It was more apparent in the south than in central and northern regions. Second, we discovered that production function of land use in Xiangxi grew slowly and spatial differentiation was enhanced. The living function fluctuated with the trend of spatial equilibrium. Changes in ecological function and any spatial differentiation were not clear. Third, land use can be divided into living-ecological, production-living, and production obstacle types. Lastly, we state that, to narrow the gap between urban-rural areas and reduce the non-point pollution from agriculture in living-ecological barrier areas, we need to develop production and social public utilities in production-living barrier areas, and develop production and eliminate poverty in production barrier areas.
Efficient Conjunctive Keywords Search over Encrypted E-Mail Data in Public Key Setting
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Yin , Wang Yifan
Published: September 2019

Searchable public key encryption supporting conjunctive keywords search (SPE-CKS) enables data users to retrieve the encrypted data of interest from an untrusted server. Based on SPE-CKS, one can realize a multi-keywords search over the encrypted e-mails. In this paper, we propose an efficient SPE-CKS scheme by utilizing a keyword conversion method and the bilinear map technique. Our scheme is proven to be secure against chosen keyword attack under a standard security definition and can also withstand the keywords guessing attack. Furthermore, we design an experiment over a real world e-mail dataset to illustrate that our scheme has a better performance on time and space complexities than the previous schemes. A detailed analysis shows that our scheme is very practical for the encrypted e-mail system in the mobile cloud environment.
Analysis and Design of a Novel Concept Gasket to Improve the Reliability of the Balanced Armature Receiver Used in Earphones
Authors: Jiang Zhi-Xiong , Kim Jun-Hyung , Jiang Yuan-Wu , Xu Dan-Ping , Hwang Sang-Moon
Published: September 2019

Currently, balanced armature (BA) receivers are frequently used in earphones, owing to their small size and superior sound quality. However, the reliability of BA receiver earphones has become a considerable challenge, as they easily fail when subjected to external forces, especially during drop impacts. In addition, the original gasket cannot protect the BA receiver well. Therefore, this article focuses on improving the reliability of BA receiver earphones by designing a novel concept for the gasket. Based on a simplified model and analysis methods, the maximum von Mises stress on the armature with different drop directions and the maximum von Mises stress point must first be determined. The gasket was divided into two parts, one for linking and the other for shock absorption. This article focused on the design of the shock absorption structure. A novel concept gasket was proposed, and the analysis results showed that the gasket improved the shock absorption performance. For demonstrating the validity of the shock absorption performance of the novel concept gasket, three confirmatory experiments were performed: the drop impact test, X-ray photography, and sound performance, which included the sound pressure level and total harmonic distortion. The analysis results were experimentally verified.
Extracting Retinal Anatomy and Pathological Structure Using Multiscale Segmentation
Authors: Geng Lei , Che Hengyi , Xiao Zhitao , Liu Yanbei
Published: September 2019

Fundus image segmentation technology has always been an important tool in the medical imaging field. Recent studies have validated that deep learning techniques can effectively segment retinal anatomy and determine pathological structure in retinal fundus photographs. However, several groups of image segmentation methods used in medical imaging only provide a single retinopathic feature (e.g., roth spots and exudates). In this paper, we propose a more accurate and clinically oriented framework for the segmentation of fundus images from end-to-end input. We design a four-path multiscale input network structure that learns network features and finds overall characteristics via our network. Our network’s structure is not limited by segmentation of single retinopathic features. Our method is suitable for exudates, roth spots, blood vessels, and optic discs segmentation. The structure has general applicability to many fundus models; therefore, we use our own dataset for training. In cooperation with hospitals and board-certified ophthalmologists, the proposed framework is validated on retinal images from large databases and can improve diagnostic performance compared to state-of-the-art methods that use smaller databases for training. The proposed framework detects blood vessels with an accuracy of 0.927, which is comparable to exudate accuracy (0.939) and roth spot accuracy (0.904), providing ophthalmologists with a practical diagnostic and a robust analytical tool.