bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emocijas un afekts: vārdos, izjūtās, vērtējumos
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Ritere Diāna
Published: May 2021

Due to the cultural specificity and variation of emotions, it is important to study them in different languages, cultures and contexts. The aim of the study is to summarize the most widespread words of emotions in the Latvian language, to map them in the dimensions of valence and activation, and to link them with the self-assessment indicators of bodily senses such as valence and activation. The results point to sometimes consistent assessments of emotions in senses, dimensions and words in the Latvian language, as well as perspectives in further research with implications for improving various affective computing and sentiment analysis technologies.
Sapnis par kosmosa bagātībām – vai kosmosa resursu ieguve ir likumīga?
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Strauta Lūcija
Published: May 2021

The paper assesses whether the national legal framework of the United States, Luxembourg and the United Arab Emirates, which stipulates that space resources can be privately owned, and legalizes the acquisition of space resources for commercial purposes, complies with international space law. The article analyses the scope of space use delineated by the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies and 1979 Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, as well as the subsequent national practices after the entry into force of these agreements, national space law, national policies and public statements. The aim of the analysis is to determine whether international space law contains a prohibition of the extraction and commercial exploitation of space resources. The study evaluates national comprehensions of the space law content with regard to the freedom to use space. It yields a conclusion that there is no absolute ban on the commercial exploitation of space resources under international space law.
Sea Spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) from the Antalya Bay (Turkey, Eastern Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Koçak Cengiz , Durucan Furkan
Published: May 2021

Sampling studies in Antalya Bay revealed the presence of two species of Pycnogonida belonging to the genus Tanystylum. These species are identified as T. conirostre (Dohrn, 1881) and T. orbiculare Wilson, 1878. The presence of T. conirostre is reported herein for the first time from the Antalya Bay, also the second time from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey and the Levantine Sea. The record therefore further extends the known distribution of the species from the Mersin Bay to the Antalya Bay in the Levantine Sea. T. orbiculare is reported in this study the second time from the Antalya Bay and the third time from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Distribution map of both species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea is provided, together with photographs and line drawings of the species.
Strategic Priority for Greening the Kuzbass Economy: Land Rehabilitation Fund
Authors: Vlasyuk Lyudmila I.
Published: May 2021

In the article, according to the theory and methodology of strategizing of academician V. L. Kvinta substantiates the strategic priority of greening the economy of Kuzbass: the land reclamation fund. This strategic priority has become part of the one developed by the team of of Lomonosov Moscow state University under the leadership of academician V. L. Kvinta Strategies for socio-economic development of the Kemerovo region — Kuzbass until 2035.The most serious environmental problem of Kuzbass is a significant lag in the rate of land reclamation from the rate of their violation by open mining operations, and the lack of accurate data on the area of disturbed land. The most serious ecological problem of Kuzbass is a significant lag in the rate of land reclamation from the rate of its disturbance by open pit mining, and the lack of accurate data on the area of disturbed land. The creation of the Kuzbass land reclamation fund, as an economic mechanism of financial guarantees, will make it possible to carry out work on the restoration of disturbed lands at the expense of coal mining enterprises, the authorities of the Kemerovo region will ensure monitoring and control over the reclamation behavior.The strategic initiative reflects the interests of Russia localized in the Kemerovo region, the interests of the region and its residents, its implementation will significantly improve the environmental situation in the region, restore the value of the land and ensure the possibility of its further use, including in agriculture and forestry, compatible with comfortable living of people subsoil use in the region. The strategic priority is backed by competitive advantages and all types of resources.
Social activity of urban district residents: Political and civil self-organization
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Baikov N. M. , Berezutskiy Yu. V. ,   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Yurevich E. Yu. ,   the Ural institute of management – branch of RANEPA
Published: May 2021

The article presents a sociological analysis of the social activity of the residents of the Khabarovsk city district, reflecting their political and non-political (civil) interests and motives for self-organization. The article presents methodological aspects of urban activism as a social construct with a civil (non-political) and political orientation, which are applied to the analysis of self-organization in an urban district. It is shown, that the high level of social deprivation in the conditions of life and transformation of the existing regional party-political structure of the executive and legislative (representative) authorities determines the social activity of citizens of the protest orientation, generates a state of risk factors and uncertainty. According to the authors, development of the forms of joint activity of the residents and local self-government bodies (one example of which is the territorial public self-government ) it contributes not only to the involvement of residents in solving the local problems, but also increases confidence in the authorities, reduces the protest of public consciousness. Based on the results of sociological survey of the residents of the city district, the potential possibilities of this process are shown.
Formation of positive image of an entrepreneur in the Russian Federation
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Khalikova S. S.
Published: May 2021

The article presents an analysis of formation and development of the image of an entrepreneur in Russia. Currently, the positive image of an entrepreneur is considered as one of the factors for successful development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The goals of national project «Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative» are aimed at intensifying the entrepreneurial potential of the society, stimulating creation and growth of a number of small and medium-sized enterprises, stabilizing and consolidating existing entrepreneurs on the market, creating the most favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This project is designed to involve general population in the entrepreneurial activities. The article analyses perception of an entrepreneur in the modern Russian society. The image of entrepreneur is considered through their perception by the society according to the following components: attractiveness of the entrepreneur's career, prestige of entrepreneurship, media attention to the success stories of entrepreneurs, inclusion in the entrepreneurial community through the environment. In general, the author notes a positive trend and a significant increase in public interest in this type of activity. However, the level achieved is not yet sufficient to achieve the goals set out in the national and regional projects. The author's directions of the information campaign to form a positive image of entrepreneur could form a stable «foundation» of the entrepreneurial potential of the Russian society. The proposed areas of work with various categories of the population will contribute to strengthening entrepreneurial activity, increasing the status of entrepreneur and, in general, forming a positive image of entrepreneur in the Russian Federation.
Poverty assessment in Russia: dependence on the measurement methodology
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Bulanova M. A.
Published: May 2021

Poverty reduction is one of the main objectives of the state policy in the Russian Federation. In the decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 474 of 21.07.2020 «On the national goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030,» a target is determined - reducing the poverty level by half by 2030. To measure poverty in the Russian Federation until 2021, the absolute concept was used. Within the framework of this concept, it is planned to create a minimum standard on the basis of which the level of poverty was determined. In the Russian Federation, a consumer basket is adopted as a standard, on the basis of which the cost of living is calculated. The cost of living is the threshold for poverty. Since 2021, the methodology for measuring poverty has changed, the calculation is based on the relative concept, the median method is used to measure poverty. A number of countries also use the multidimensional poverty concept with a set of indicators to measure poverty. The article provides a comparative analysis of methodological approaches for poverty assessment. The article proves that the level of poverty depends on the methodological approach underlying its measurement. The author believes that only a multidimensional approach to measuring poverty will contribute to the development of effective public policies to overcome poverty.
Main aspects of the Malaysia's international cooperation in the field of science and research
Authors:   the Pacific State University, Simonenko O. A.
Published: May 2021

Political and economic factors in Malaysia are aware of the need to increase the country's role in international scientific networks. National strategies and programs are working to create political conditions for the growth of the share of scientific achievements and high-tech industries. The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation has primary responsibility for the development and coordination of research and development (R&D) policies in Malaysia. The state encourages national and foreign businesses to invest in R&D, although the share of state-owned companies in large projects remains decisive. Corporate participation in advanced R&D areas in Malaysia is still limited, so proactive efforts will be required to develop this area. The Government of Malaysia has developed a system for supporting international cooperation in the field of R&D, signed about 200 high-level bilateral agreements, which envisage the development of research cooperation. In recent decades, Malaysia has moved from a recipient of international scientific and technical support to a group of partner countries, and in a number of aspects – donors. Given Malaysia's commitment to transforming into a high-income country, we can expect an increase in its role in the development of biotechnology, information and communication technologies (ICT), industrial and space technologies. On these positions, Russia and Malaysia have overlapping interests and could increase cooperation. Malaysia, which does not have a deep scientific and technical tradition, respects the experience of Russian scientists. It is necessary to use this potential and strengthen the Russia's position in R&D in Malaysia and the Southeast Asia as a whole.
Traditional way of life of small indigenous peoples in sociological dimension
Authors:   the Pacific State University, Khridina N. A.
Published: May 2021

The article analyses sociological aspect of the traditional way of life of indigenous small peoples from the point of view of creating conditions from the state. It is determined that in the current context of continuous information and technological progress, the preservation of indigenous small communities leading a traditional way of life is of particular relevance. Objective and subjective factors have been identified that determine the state and assessment of the traditional way of life of small indigenous peoples. Measures of state support for the living standards of small indigenous peoples were analyzed, and their subjective assessment was given by respondents. According to the results of sociological study, factors have been identified that have a negative impact on the possibility of indigenous peoples preserving the traditional way of life, and additional measures of their state support have been proposed.
Internal and external migration in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): the attitude of student youth
Authors:   the Ammosov NEFU Institute of Psychology, Vinokurova D. M. , Tomaska A. G. ,   the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2021

The research was carried out in September-November 2020 within the framework of the project «Ethno-demographic processes in the Asian Russia: the current situation, forecasts and risks» (scientific supervisor, Doctor of History T. Smirnova) in order to identify the consequences of internal and international migration in the FEB. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is one of the largest subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district, but sparsely populated. Migration exchange in the region has occurred and continues to occur due to the arrival of flows of migrants from different regions of the Russian Federation, the CIS countries and the PRC. If representatives of the Central Asia began arriving en masse in the post-Soviet period, then migrants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Ukraine, as well as other regions of the Russian Federation began to arrive from the beginning of industrial development of the territory of the Republic. Obviously, such a long-term interaction with migrants forms a tolerant attitude towards them among representatives of the local community, as evidenced by the empirical data obtained. It should also be noted that the current trend of internationalization of higher education through academic mobility of the students, the implementation of joint educational programs with double diploma, etc. contributes to the expansion of interethnic and international contacts of students. Of course, this cannot but influence the expansion of student contacts. The respondents assessed the consequences of migration in the region, indicated in which case the outflow of young people in the region could stop. The article analyzes the primary material that was collected by the method of quota questionnaire survey of university students in Yakutsk, the sample size was 200 respondents.
Strategy and analysis of personnel management in the libraries of higher education institutions of China
Authors:   the Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of social sciences, Bo Liu
Published: May 2021

In the institutions of higher education around the world, libraries are important institutions for dissemination of knowledge and promotion of the researches. Due to the continuous development and advancement of modern science and technology, the content and quality of services provided by the libraries should also be constantly optimized in order to better meet the growing needs for the development of higher education and university science. This places increasing demands on the quality of librarian training. The article analyzes the current situation with personnel management in the libraries of universities of the PRC, discusses the strategy for optimizing library activities, and assesses the effectiveness of work.
Estimation of territorial backwardness in the regional development policy-making (on the example of the Far-Eastern regions)
Authors:   the Federal Autonomous Scientific Institution «The Eastern State Planning Center», Veprikova E. B. , Kislenok A. A. ,   the Federal Autonomous Scientific Institution «The Eastern State Planning Center»
Published: May 2021

The problems of interregional differentiation and territorial backwardness hamper economic growth, lead to imbalances in the spatial development of the Russian Federation and increase risks of forming backward territories. The presence of backward parts within a territorial system brings down the overall state policy's effectiveness because positive development dynamics in several parts of the territory cancels by the adverse processes in other parts of the territory. Therefore, the investigation of the conditions of territorial development as a spatial system and the identification of indicators of the increasing backwardness within this system is a fundamental problem of state regional policy-making. It is worthwhile identifying risks of forming territorial backwardness earlier when accurate management's decisions can be undertaken with the higher effectiveness and smaller recourses. To this end, monitoring of the social and economic developments based upon an informative system of indicators revealing not only the present status of performance of the region but also its dynamics in terms of the determinant of the territorial backwardness. The article presents the author's approach to the assessment of territorial backwardness featured with taking into account the conditions of maintaining and reproducing high-quality human capital as a critical driver of regional development. Given the national policy's priorities towards the advanced social and economic development of the Far East of Russia, the proposed approach has been tested on the Far-Eastern regions.
Service employment assessment
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Mazankova T.  V.
Published: May 2021

The author assessed the employment of labor resources in the important activities for maintaining the standard of living, such as wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, hotel and restaurant business. The calculations were carried out on the basis of official statistical data. The author studied the dynamics and structure of employees in the formal and informal sectors of the economy, the gender and age structure, the level of education of employees, the place of main work, work experience, and the length of the working week. the results of the analysis of labor resources allow us to formulate qualitative requirements for the level of education of labor resources and for the system of vocational education in the region that provides training.
Рынок медицинских услуг в региональном измерении
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Tsvetova G. V. , Polonnikova E. K. ,   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes the medical services market in the Khabarovsk territory for the period of 2014–2018. Data on the number of state and municipal medical institutions in the Khabarovsk territory, data on the number of medical personnel, consumer prices for certain types of medical services are analyzed. It was found that there is an annual steady increase in the volume of paid medical services in the Khabarovsk territory during the analyzed period. There are a number of factors that limit development of the medical services market, including the low population density, large distances between the settlements, low incomes of the population. Factors hindering the development of the medical services market include barriers associated with the market entry, such as: licensing, strict requirements for implementation of medical activities, limited budget funding, imperfection of the regulatory framework. The article discusses the question of availability of medical services for population of the Khabarovsk territory, which consists of the transport, personnel and price components.
Curso Nivelatorio para aspirantes de ingreso a la carrera de Enseñanza del Inglés en la UNED
Authors: Alvarado-Bejarano Viridiana , Quirós-Vargas Emilia
Published: May 2021

La carrera de Enseñanza del Inglés de la Univesidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) establece como requisito de ingreso el dominio intermedio del inglés. Por este motivo, anualmente se aplica una prueba comprobatoria para verificar que las personas candidatas cuentan con dicho nivel. Alrededor del 50 % de los aplicantes no logra alcanzar la banda B1+ en este examen y muchos no cuentan con alternativas para optimizar su nivel de idioma. La implementación de los módulos de nivelación como respuesta a este problema, así como la experiencia generada en su desarrollo, se estudia desde una perspectiva fenomenológica. Finalmente, se concluye que los módulos nivelatorios promueven el mejoramiento lingüístico de quienes participan, así como su adaptación al aprendizaje en ambientes virtuales.
Acute Cholecystitis due to a gall bladder torsion: A case report
Authors: Hadded Dhafer , MESBAHI MERYAM , Cherif Mona , Benzarti Yazid , Jemli Yecine , Chammakhi Chiraz , Maamer Anis Ben
Published: May 2021

Gallbladder torsion is an unusual cause of an acute abdomen that can be
mortal. It mimicks commonly acute cholecystitis. Its diagnosis is
challenging for surgeons. Once it is suspected, prompt surgical
treatment must be carried out, which is detorsion with cholecystectomy.
Frequency of Autoantibody-Negative Type 1 Diabetes in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany
Authors: Kamrath Clemens , Rosenbauer Joachim , Tittel Sascha R. , Warncke Katharina , Hirtz Raphael , Denzer Christian , Dost Axel , Neu Andreas , Pacaud Danièle , Holl Reinhard W.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes without evidence of autoimmunity and the respective frequencies of ketoacidosis in children, adolescents, and young adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany compared with the previous decade.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Based on data from the German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV), we compared data from 715 children, adolescents, and young adults, newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany between 1 March and 30 June 2020, with data from 5,428 children, adolescents, and young adults of the same periods from 2011 to 2019. Adjusted differences and relative risks (RRs) of negative β-cell autoantibody test results and diabetic ketoacidosis were estimated using multivariable log-binomial regression analysis. An upper noninferiority test (margin 1%) was applied to evaluate whether the autoantibody-negativity rate in 2020 was not higher than that in 2011 to 2019.

RESULTS

The estimated frequencies of autoantibody negativity in 2020 and 2011–2019 were 6.6% (95% CI 5.1–8.4) and 7.2% (95% CI 6.5–8.0), respectively, with an absolute difference of −0.68% (90% CI −2.07 to 0.71; Pupper noninferiority = 0.023). The increase of the estimated frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar between autoantibody-negative and -positive type 1 diabetes (adjusted RRs 1.28 [95% CI 0.80–2.05] and 1.57 [1.41–1.75], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

This study found no evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic leads to a significantly increased number of new cases with autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes in children, adolescents, and young adults. In addition, autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes showed no particular susceptibility to ketoacidosis, neither before nor during the pandemic.
Testing the Relationship Between Air Temperature and Relative Humidity by Using T-Test for Some Selected Stations in Iraq
Authors: Al-Ataby Iqbal Khalaf , Altmimi Amani Ibraheem
Published: May 2021

Temperature and relative humidity are the most important factors affecting on human comfort. This Research test the monthly average temperature and relative humidity for some selected stations in Iraq, three stations (Baghdad - Mosul - Basra) to find the pattern covariance of the annual average of temperatures and relative humidity for the period of time (2000-2014) By using the Welch T-test or paired T- test, We find that the calculated value is greater than the tabular value in both stations (Baghdad - Mosul) and (Baghdad - Basra) for both temperatures and relative humidity, and this indicates an increasing trend in the average of temperature and relative humidity in two stations (Baghdad - Mosul) and (Baghdad - Basra), and since the main hypothesis is that there is a relationship between the two racists and the calculations prove that, so we reject the null hypothesis, which proves the validity of the main hypothesis, i.e. there is a relationship between temperature and humidity in these selected stations.
Modelling Heat Transfer in Solar Distiller with Additional Condenser Studying
Authors: Ibraheem Nagham T. , Hussain Hazim H. , Khaleed Omar L.
Published: May 2021

The sun is the main source of energy that reaches the surface of the earth in the form of electromagnetic radiation called solar radiation and when it reaches the outer surface of the glass hood of the solar distillation, the process of energy transferring as the heat begins. the energy transfer process between parts of solar distillates greatly controls its performance, so the greater amount of energy gained and the less energy lost, leads to higher productivity and efficiency of the solar distillery. in this paper, a mathematical model was constructed to calculate the amount of thermal energy in each part of a monoclinic solar distiller equipped with an additional capacitor during its operation. as a result of this model showed that the temperature, after a series of heat energy exchanges between the glass cover and all the internal parts of the distillate, with the absorbent part at the base of the distillate, exhibited the same behavior, which is increasing in its temperature steadily during the first hours of the day from (32.5-41.7 ) at (08:30 am) in the morning down to its top value (61.4-76.7 ) at (02:30 pm) and decline after this hour in the same bullish pattern. this is due to the greater difference between the amount of energy lost and acquired by the absorbent portion during the same daylight hours, as the amount of energy gained increases and the amount of lost energy decreases, leading to the highest energy gain and the least energy lost by the absorbent part at (02:30 pm), except the outer part of the additional condenser, which followed a similar behavior of air temperature, with its temperature gradually increasing slightly during the first hours of the day from (27 ) at (08:30 am) until it reached its peak (36.2 ) at (01:30 pm), then it decreases after this time slightly. this slight rise and slight decrease are due to the constant state of thermal balance between the two ends of the additional condenser by the heat exchange process between the outer part of the additional condenser and the cooling water.
Effect of Some Meteorological Variables and Conditions on Mobile Phone and 'TV' Satellite Signal
Authors: Nemah Hussain Abodi , Ahmed Mohammed M. , Khaleed Omar L. , Nemat Ghasaq S.
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to seek for the effect of meteorological parameters and conditions on wave transport for both radio wave band that used by mobile phone communication and microwave band that used in 'TV' satellites by showing which atmospheric variable and conditions have a positive or negative effect on signal strength. Data of study was recorded perfectly from one selected point by hand using the same devices for all recording to exclude the error caused by changing device types. The results showed that atmospheric conditions had a noticeable effect on microwave signal band that used by 'TV' satellite especially when there was a rainy case, and for atmospheric 'UV' index it had a direct positive effect on radio waveband used by mobile phone because there was an increase in signal strength corresponding with increasing of 'UV' index (from 1 to 5 of UV index range). For temperature, the result showed inverse proportion with radio waveband signal, but relative humidity didn't show up any relations with both study band's signals. Day time variation of signals was recorded for both wavebands, the result of radio waveband signal fluctuated in semi sine wave shape but with decreasing trend along day time, and for 'TV' satellite microwave band signal the result recorded increasing trend along day time, and this may because of solar radiation activity but in general, the satellite band signal was higher affected by weather condition as compared with mobile phone radio wave signal band.
Study Effect of Some Atmospheric Elements on COVID-19 Infections in Iraq
Authors: Hassoon Ahmed Fattah , Hussain Hazim H. , Ibraheem Nagham T.
Published: May 2021

In late 2019 and in Wuhan, a new disease appears, consider as an extension of SARS-COV2 epidemic. This epidemic virus has configured a danger to global health. We studied the effect of some atmospheric elements in Iraq with a number of (COVID-19) infections. In this study daily infections in three regions of Iraq compares with (Tmax-Tmin) and (RH) observed in stations Mosul (represent north region), Baghdad and Rutba (represent middle regions), and Basra (represent south region). It's found that increasing the difference between Tmax and Tmin means more infections, except for the northern province. As for the relative humidity, it is inversely proportional to infections with the correlation coefficient R = -0.6 in Baghdad station, and in the southern province with R = -0.32, and the opposite occurs in the northern province. The results also indicate that increasing the relative humidity to more than 70% was effective in increasing the infections. Solar radiation was studied over the city of Baghdad and its effect on infections because solar radiation contains a large proportion of ultraviolet rays that killed many viruses, the study indicates an inverse relationship because most of the patients are infected in the shade and there is no clear relationship. In late 2019 and in Wuhan, a new decease appears, consider as extension of SARS-COV2 epidemic. This epidemic virus has configured a danger on the global health. We studied the effect of some atmospheric elements in Iraq with number of (COVID-19) infections. At this study daily infections in three regions of Iraq compare with (Tmax-Tmin) and (RH) observed in stations Mosul (represent north region), Baghdad and Rutba (represent middle regions) and Basra (represent south region). It's found that increasing the difference between Tmax and Tmin means more infections, except for the northern province. As for the relative humidity it is inversely proportional to infections with the correlation coefficient R = -0.6 in Baghdad station, and in the southern province with R = -0.32, and the opposite occurs in the northern province. The results also indicate that increasing the relative humidity to more than 70% was effective in increasing the infections. Solar radiation was studied over the city of Baghdad and its effect on infections because solar radiation contains a large proportion of ultraviolet rays that killed many viruses, the study indicates an inverse relationship because most of the patients are infected in the shade and there is no clear relationship.
The Relationship between Air Stability and Visibility over Baghdad City
Authors: Hassoon Ahmed F. , Ahmed Mohammed M. , Abd Nadia M.
Published: May 2021

In this study, Pasquill atmospheric stability determined at daytime for January and July 2010 fixed for Baghdad city. The classification of stability was made using data of wind speed and solar radiation. These classes were compared with atmospheric stability recorded hourly in Baghdad airport station. The results show that stability class, B and C make up the highest percentages, while class A is non-existent during winter "this" can be attributed to prevailing parameter weather and their frequencies such as temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation. The stability classes were estimated to be medium to moderate. In summer, B and A-B stability classes were more predominant than others. Visibility in January month is very high and concentrated at 8500-11500 meters and has a rate of 75%, while the bad visibility range at this month is about 7.6%. In July month the rate of clear weather conditions of visibility is about 65.8%. Atmospheric elements (temperature, relative humidity wind speed, solar radiation) are compared with visibility at specified stability class to show it’s affected on visibility. If more stable conditions existed this refers to the better extent of visibility, this means unstable conditions reduce atmospheric visibility with help of atmospheric elements. Overall, the most affected class on the visibility is neutral condition and near-neutral condition, but you may determine the location if there is near to the location of emission pollutant or aerosols, consequently, the case is different.
Impact of pressure drop in combustion chamber on gas turbine performance
Authors: Herdzik Jerzy
Published: May 2021

Paper discusses the problem of pressure drop in the process of working medium flow through combustion chamber of gas turbine. The pressure loss is an internal disadvantage of combustion chamber depends on many parameters, especially the chamber design and working gas flowrate. There is a problem to calculate the parameters of working medium in characteristic points of gas turbine thermodynamic cycle because the total pressure before and after combustion chamber is not known. There is a lack of information from manufacturer about it and in publications as well (mainly no experimental data, only theoretical considerations). It will be important information because the pressure drop has an meaningful influence on gas turbine performance. The paper presents an estimation of decreasing the performance of gas turbine from discussed reason. Author of that manuscript recognized the necessity of showing the importance of that parameter and turning the attention to not fully recognized problem.
Cross-belt sorter - a model and analysis of selected mechanical loads
Authors: Piatkowski Tomasz
Published: May 2021

This article presents the results of numerical research on operational mechanical loads, carried out for the main structural elements of a cross-belt sorter: tracks and trolleys with trays. The goal of the research was to collect data required at the stage of designing new solutions of the sorters. A novelty is an analytical model that allows to determine the influence of the motion velocity of trolleys, frictional properties and mass of sorted objects on the forces transmitted from the trolleys to the track, the sorting efficiency and power required by the drive systems.
Mathematical modeling of unmanned movement aircraft - four-rotor
Authors: Kisilowski Jerzy , Kowalik Rafał , Parszutowicz Łukasz
Published: May 2021

The article presents an analytical approach to building a mathematical model of a quadrocopter. The main purpose of building the model was to design an appropriate facility control system and analyze its behavior in various situations. The assumption was made to build a model, control system and all accompanying algorithms in an open programming environment, which will allow their subsequent implementation in a real facility, without the need to use expensive software. The quadrocopter is controlled by the operator by means of hand movements that are read by the camera and properly interpreted using advanced image processing methods. The entire system is visualized and embedded in a three-dimensional simulation environment. The model study was conducted using a DC motor as an input data source. The operation of the model was checked with a controller when a disturbance was introduced into the model. The four-rotor model with a selected regulator was tested by analyzing the angular velocity and position of the object in a rectangular coordinate system. At the end of the article, the results of the simulations made are presented and the resulting conclusions are presented.
‘Double activation’: Workfare meets marketisation
Authors: McGann Michael
Published: May 2021

Since the financial crisis, Ireland’s welfare state has been reorientated around a regulatory, ‘work-first’ activation model. Claimants now face penalty rates for non-compliance with activation requirements that have been significantly extended since 2009. Alongside these formal policy reforms, the organisations delivering Public Employment Services, and the modes by which they are commissioned, have also been reconfigured through a series of New Public Management style governance reforms, including, most notably, the creation of a quasi-market for employment services (JobPath) in 2015. This article addresses the intersection between activation and quasi-marketisation, positioning the latter as a form of ‘double activation’ that reshapes not only how but also what policies are enacted at the street level. It unpacks their shared logics and mutual commitment to governing agents at a distance through a behavioural public policy orientation, and reflects on the extent to which marketisation is capable of producing lower-cost but more responsive employment services.
Sacrificial citizens? Activation and retrenchment in Ireland’s political economy
Authors: Dukelow Fiona
Published: May 2021

This article provides a critical commentary on Irish activation policy. It is framed with reference to the point made in Pathways to Work 2016–2020 that a key purpose of activation is ‘to help ensure a supply of labour at competitive rates’. It looks at how a tougher work-first activation regime can be situated within the wider landscape of reform and retrenchment in the social protection system following the 2008 financial crisis. Broadly utilising Pierson’s concepts of programmatic and systemic retrenchment, it situates the roll-out of activation within shifts toward greater reliance on means-tested benefits for the unemployed, and toward work first, with varying degrees of compulsion, for other working-age adults in the social protection system. Suggesting that this results in a hierarchy of ‘welfare sacrifice’ for the sake of the competitiveness of the Irish economy, it also looks briefly at how some of these ‘sacrifices’ are experienced by different groups both in and out of the labour market. The article concludes by noting that the Covid-19 pandemic has temporarily transformed state–market relations such as these; however, whether this offers the opportunity to forge a more supportive turn in activation policy post-pandemic remains an open question.
Aspects related to the interconnection between music and the human brain. Scientific discoveries and contemporary challenges
Authors: Filimon Rosina Caterina
Published: May 2021

A new scientific discipline, neuromusicology, connects the scientific research of music and that of the nervous system, in particular of the brain. It studies the effects of music on the brain; the present paper relates to this particular field. Initially, the right hemisphere was associated with the process of music reception and it was considered that the activation of the left hemisphere was the responsibility of language. Neuroimaging, however, demonstrates that the elements of musical language activate various brain areas in both hemispheres, simultaneously generating the perception of music and emotions. Research in the field of psychoacoustics has revealed that listening to music triggers the production of neurotransmitters in the body that relieve pain, reduce stress and anxiety. Another effect determined by listening and studying music is the structural changes that occur at brain level due to brain neuroplasticity. Pathological changes at brain level have consequences in perception and influence all human activities. Disease alters the artistic creativity of people suffering from various pathologies, biographies of many artists proving that neurological diseases influenced their artistic activity. Decoding the functioning of the brain in the presence of music and its effects on brain activity make it possible to use music therapy as a complementary method to medical treatment. The harmful effects of the current Covid-19 pandemic on the brain are obvious and are already reported in completed or ongoing research studies. The adoption of music as a therapeutic tool in the current global epidemiological crisis highlights its undeniable qualities in multiple pathologies and updates its mental and somatic benefits, complementary to medicine. All this provides an important drive in the reassessment and reconfiguration of the need to amplify the interference strategies between the field of music and that of medicine, implicitly that of neurology.
Romanian-Greek manuscript inventory number 27 Anthology – An Account of the activity of the copyist Chiril Monahul from Bisericani Monastery (Neamt County)
Authors: Dănilă Irina Zamfira
Published: May 2021

This paper is a fraction of an ampler project aimed at classifying and studying the entire collection of musical manuscripts from the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldavia and Bukovina of Iasi. This documentary collection consists of a number of 32 musical manuscripts, in Chrysantine notation mainly originating from the 19th century. Manuscript 27 was created in 1846 by Cyril the Monk from the Bisericani Monastery (Neamt county) – he was a psalter, composer and copyist of great talent. He wrote other two manuscripts, ms. inventory numbers 23 and 31/49, which are in the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldavia and Bukovina of Iasi. His own creation (with the mention “by the writer”) in Ms. 27 contains the first psalm, Blessed is the man in the plagal of the 4th mode, the troparia God is with us in the plagal of the 4th mode, the polyeleos Good word in the 4th mode legetos, the doxastikon of the Easter, The day of Ressurection, the plagal of the 1st mode and two heirmoi of the Holy Week. These are chants that are remarkable through their fluidity and expressiveness, as they retain the specific psaltic melodic formulas and reveal a balanced analytical musical writing. The liturgical music in Manuscript 27 consists of various chants, from those performed during the Vespers to the Matin and the Liturgy. Following analysis of the manuscript’s repertoire, I discovered that the main source of Ms. 27 is the first three volumes of the Anthology by Nektarios Frimu, published in Neamț (3rd volume, 1840) and Iași (1st and 2nd volume, 1846). Cyril the Monk, the copyist of Ms. 27, selected works from these sources, and introduced along the self-authored chants mentioned earlier, chants by other lesser-known authors, such as Nechifor (The Blessings of the Ressurection, the plagal of 1st mode in Greek) and Calinic (troparia from the chant Lord is with us, the plagal of the 4th mode in Romanian and the polyeleos The Lord’s servants, the plagal of the 2nd mode, in Greek). Besides, among the chants in Romanian, the manuscript records chants in Greek (by established Greek authors), which are proof of the continuous practice of the Greek chanting in Moldavia, long with that in Romanian, in the period before the Reforms (1863-1864) introduced by Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the ruler of the Romanian Principalities.
Inhibition of in Vitro Rumen Methane Production by Three Statins
Authors: Joch Miroslav , Vadroňová Mariana , Výborná Alena , Jochová Kateřina
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing concentrations of three pure statins on in vitro methane production and rumen fermentation. The effects of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin at three concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mg/L of culture fluid) were evaluated using in vitro 24 h batch incubation of buffered rumen fluid with a 70:30 forage:concentrate substrate. All statins tested demonstrated the ability to reduce methanogenesis. Methane inhibition potential was decreasing in the following order: simvastatin>atorvastatin>rosuvastatin. Methane production was reduced (P<0.05) by simvastatin at 10 mg/L (by 9.3%) and by atorvastatin at 100 mg/L (by 13.2%) without compromising fermentation and feed digestibility. Simvastatin at 100 mg/L decreased methane production by 26.2%, however, net production of volatile fatty acids (nVFA) was also reduced (P<0.05). The only effect of rosuvastatin was a slight reduction (P<0.05) of methane proportion at 10 and 100 mg/L. Simvastatin and atorvastatin at 100 mg/L increased (P<0.05) relative proportion of propionate at the expense of acetate and butyrate. Ammonia-N concentrations were not affected (P>0.05) by statins. The current study demonstrated that selected statins could selectively decrease methane production. The effects of statins on methanogenesis and overall rumen fermentation vary depending on statin type and concentration. Hydrophobic statins, such as simvastatin and atorvastatin, seem to be more effective compared to the hydrophilic statins, such as rosuvastatin.
Overwintering mortality of the oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) in Hungary – a field survey
Authors: Paulin Márton , Hirka Anikó , Csepelényi Mariann , Fürjes-Mikó Ágnes , Tenorio-Baigorria Imola , Eötvös Csaba , Gáspár Csaba , Csóka György
Published: May 2021

The North American oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) was first discovered in Europe (Norhern Italy) in 2000. It started a rapid area expansion in the last decade and has been reported in 20 countries so far. Almost all European oaks are suitable hosts. On top of the host availability, abiotic factors like weather/climate may also have a decisive impact on its further spread and future outbreaks. We conducted a simple field survey within three years, at five locations to estimate the overwintering mortality of the species. Our results suggest that not even a relatively harsh winter (as 2016/2017) caused severe mortality in the overwintering populations. The average mortality of the nine year/location combinations was 30.6% (range 9.1–58.5%). Based on this, the low winter temperature is unlikely to restrict its further spread, therefore continuing area expansion can be predicted.
Ash dieback and contributing factors of forest weakening in provenance tests in the Sumy region
Authors: Meshkova Valentyna , Samoday Viacheslav , Davydenko Kateryna
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the health condition of Fraxinus excelsior L. in provenance tests, with special focus on ash dieback (ADB), but taking into account also other causes of its decline. The research was carried out in the provenance tests of F. excelsior in the forest-steppe part of the Sumy region. ADB symptoms were revealed in all provenance tests. For 2012–2019 the health condition index, ADB incidence and severity increased for all provenances except the Steppe. Collar rot was present in all ash provenances. Fungi species were isolated from the stem parts of ash at all provenances. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus induced longest necrotic lesions following wound inoculation of stems of 7–10-years-old plants of European ash in the forest while inoculation with both Cytospora sp. and Diplodia sp. resulted in smaller necroses. The conclusion from other regions about the coincidence the damage of European ash by ADB and collar rots as well as the coincidence the damage of European ash by collar rot and tree colonization by Hylesinus crenatus (Fabricius, 1787) is supported.