bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ТЕРОР ЩОДО ЗАХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ІНТЕЛІГЕНЦІЇ У 1939–1953 рр.: ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: Футала Василь
Published: January 2022

Анотація. Мета дослідження – показати здобутки сучасної української історіографії у вивченні форм і методів терору сталінського режиму щодо західноукраїнської інтелігенції у 1939–1953 рр., персоніфікувати науковий доробок українських учених, передбачити перспективи подальших наукових пошуків. Методологія дослідження спирається на принципи історизму, системності, об՚єктивності, а також на методи історіографічного аналізу та синтезу. Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що на основі широкого кола історіографічних джерел, створених сучасними українськими дослідниками, простежено процес нагромадження історичних знань про перебіг і наслідки протистояння західноукраїнської інтелігенції радянському авторитаризму протягом 1939–1953 рр. Висновки. Сучасні вітчизняні дослідники на багатому ілюстративному матеріалі показали хід, складові і масштаби сталінських репресій щодо західноукраїнської інтелігенції у 1939–1953 рр. Автори сходяться на думці, що саме проти національно свідомих українців, чий опір утвердженню тоталітарного режиму на західних землях України набув у повоєнні роки масового і організованого характеру, спрямовувався головний удар з боку влади. Остання використовувала всі можливості для ідейного та інституційного тиску на творчу інтелігенцію, насадження нового історичного наративу, дискредитації українського національно-визвольного руху, а кожний вияв невдоволення такою політикою неодмінно розцінювався як прояв «українського буржуазного націоналізму» з усіма наслідками, що випливали з цього. Водночас аналізована проблема має перспективу розвитку. Зокрема, додаткових знань потребують ідеологічні чистки вчених природничих наук, морально-психологічний стан інтелігенції у контексті повсякденної локальної історії, формування інтелігенцією стандартів самопрезентації в умовах політики державного терору. Ця наукова проблема має перспективу дослідження крізь призму біографістики.
KEPUASAN MAHASISWA SURABAYA DALAM MENGGUNAKAN MESSAGING APPLICATION (LINE, WHATSAPP, DAN BBM) SURABAYA STUDENT SATISFACTION IN USING THE MESSAGING APPLICATION (LINE, WHATSAPP, AND BBM)
Authors: Yuliastuti Maria , Purnama Finsensius Yuli
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini menguji teori uses & gratifications untuk melakukan tes atas tipologi motifmenurut Denis McQuails pada mahasiswa di Surabaya dalam menggunakan messagingapplication: LINE, WA, dan BBM. Mahasiswa dipilih sebagai subjek penelitian karenasecara umummemiliki kemampuan intelektual yang spesifik sehingga penting ditelitibagaimana motif menggunakan aplikasi tersebut pada mahasiswa di Surabaya. Denganpendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dan metode survey, didapatkan hasil bahwa mahasiswa puasdalam menggunakan aplikasi BBM, WA, maupun LINE. Adapaun urutannya sebagai berikut:WA, LINE, dan terakhir BBM. Berdasarkan analisis data per indikator, BBM hanyamemberikan kepuasan pada kebutuhan untuk mendapatkan identitas personal dan hiburan. Disisi lain, WA dan LINE memberikan kepuasan pada tiga indikator. Masing-masing urutberdasarkan skor paling tinggi, WA memberikan kepuasan pada indikator identitas personal,pemenuhan hiburan, dan informasi. Sedangkan LINE memberikan kepuasan atas identitaspersonal, informasi, dan hiburan. Persamaan antara penggunaan LINE dan WA adalahmahasiswa tidak puas dalam pemenuhan integrasi dan interaksi sosial
Effectiveness of Auricular Acupressure for Post-Stroke Constipation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Shantou University Medical College, Su Irene J
Published: January 2022

The preliminary findings of this study concluded that auricular acupressure was an effective and safe measure of intervention for the management of post-stroke constipation. We are hoping to see more high-quality studies to validate this result to disseminate the evidence-based practice of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
The effect of encounter in the experimental novel : (A stylistic study in Jamal Al- Ghitani’s Tajalliyat novel)
Authors: Bassam Khaled Al- Shawi, Zainab Walid Hayek Bassam Khaled Al- Shawi, Zainab Walid Hayek
Published: January 2022

The point of the analysis that the researcher intends to study the effect of convergence in the novel (Al- Tajjayat) as an experimental novel that relied on the amazing Sufi experience is to reveal the style of Jamal Al- Ghitani from the face that distinguishes him from others. Correspondence, during the analysis of samples of the texts of the novel, and after the research examined the contrast in the main elements of the novel (the narrator's discourse, characters, and time It was found that correspondence in (Al- Tajjayat) is one of the components of style in building the miraculous world in this novel, and its effectiveness in producing meaning, and highlighting the mystical experience, so that this stylistic component contributes to the transition from the eloquence of the sentence to the eloquence of the text. At the end of the research, the researcher recommended studying other exquisite components in the novel (Al- Tajjayat) to reveal the role of exquisite composition in the construction of the method in this novel.
تحديد محتوى النترات والنتريت في الخضار الورقية من مدينة زليتن
Authors: عجاج إسماعيل عبد الرحمن , زقلام زبيدة , بن فايد ابتسام , شنيب مروة , الأحمر ربيعة عبد القادر , أبو منحل وداد محمد
Published: January 2022

تقدر الدراسة محتوى النترات (NO3) والنتريت (NO2) في الخضار الورقية (البقدونس، السلق، الكزبرة) في ثلاث مناطق زراعية في زليتن (أزدو، الدفنية، ماجر))، باستخدام جهاز colorimeter dr / 980، وتقييم ما إذا كان المحتوى ضمن التركيزات المسموح بها نسبيًا. تظهر النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من هذه الدراسة أن تركيزات النترات في جميع العينات التي تم فحصها ضمن المعايير العالمية، مع أعلى مستوى من 5.5 جزء في المليون وجدت في عينات السلق التي تم جمعها من منطقة أزدو. أما بالنسبة للنتريت فالتركيزات الموجودة في العينات المدروسة أعلى من تركيزات النترات. بشكل عام، وجد أن محتوى النترات والنتريت ضمن التركيزات المسموح بها بناءً على المعايير الدولية، حيث يتم تسجيل أعلى تركيز من النتريت 60 جزء في المليون في عينات البقدونس من منطقة الدفنية.
دور حمض الابسيسيك في التوازن المائي لغراس الفستق الحلبي (Pistacia vera)
Authors: العبد الله إبراهيم محمد , ديري محمد أيمن , كردوش محمد , توكلنا محاسن
Published: January 2022

أجريت هذه التجربة لدراسة تأثير حمض الابسيسيك في الحفاظ على التوازن المائي تحت مستويات مختلفة من الري، حيث نفذت في مكتب الفستق الحلبي في حماة على غراس للأصل البذري للفستق حلبي (Pistacia.vera) بعمر سنتين مزروعة ضمن أكياس من البولي اتلين، وطبقت عليها ثلاث معاملات ري وثلاث معاملات حمض على الغراس خلال موسمي 2019-2020. بينت نتائج الدراسة وجود تأثير معنوي للإجهاد المائي نتيجة زيادة الفاصل الزمني بين الريات حيث تراجعت معظم مؤشرات النمو (المحور الرئيس للغراس – قطر الغراس – المساحة الورقية وغيرها) ووصلت إلى ادنى قيمة لها عند الري بفاصل 14 يوم بين الريات، أما رش الغراس بحمض الابسيسيك فقد خففت معنوياً من التأثيرات الضارة للإجهاد المائي وحسنت التوازن المائي لدى الغراس، وقد لوحظ زيادة معنوية في متوسط طول المحور الرئيس للغراس لدى الغراس المعاملة بحمض الابسيسيك (59.3 سم) مقارنة مع غراس الشاهد (55.5) تحت ظروف الإجهاد المائي، بالإضافة إلى زيادة في تركيز الكلوروفيل (38 ملغ/غ وزن رطب)مقارنة مع الشاهد (36.19ملغ/غ وزن رطب)، في حين ازداد تركيز البرولين في الأوراق المعاملة بحمض الابسيسيك (52.50 ملغ/غ وزن رطب) مقارنة مع غراس الشاهد غير المعاملة (50ملغ/غ وزن رطب) تحت ظروف الإجهاد المائي وهذه النتائج توضح الدور الهام لحمض الابسيسيك في تنظيم العلاقات المائية داخل النبات وزيادة قدرة النبات على تحمل التأثيرات السلبية للإجهاد المائي.
أثر الإصابة بطفيلي المقوسة القندية على تراكيز بعض الهرمونات الجنسية عند الأشخاص العقيمين
Authors: العارضي مسافر هندي صفر
Published: January 2022

الهدف الرئيسي: ربط نسبة حدوث الطفيل وبعض المظاهر الهرمونية لدى الأشخاص المصابين بالعقم. يعتبر الهرمون المنبه للجريب (FSH)، 17- β استراديول (E2)، والتستوستيرون منظمات رئيسية لتطور خلايا الخط الجرثومي وتقدمها، وتؤثر أيضًا على العديد من الوظائف الدفاعية لجهاز المناعة، لذا تحاول طفيلي المقوسة التلاعب بتركيز هذه الهرمونات للبقاء على قيد الحياة. منهجية الدراسة: من اكتوبر2018 حتى مارس2019، تم جمع 100 عينة من دم مرضى العقم من كلا الجنسين من العيادات الخارجية في مناطق مختلفة من محافظة القادسية، العراق. تم فحص جميع العينات باختبار الأليزا للكشف عن الأجسام المضادة IgM وIgG ضد T. gondii ولتقدير تركيز الهرمونات الجنسية. النتائج: 39 عينة (39%) كانت إيجابية لطفيلي T. gondii، كانت العينات الموجبة لـ IgM) 6 و10) بنسبة (12% و20%) عند الذكور والإناث على التوالي، وكانت عينات IgG الموجبة عند الذكور والإناث (10 و13) بنسبة (20% و26%) على التوالي. في الذكور زادت تراكيز التستوستيرون عند المصابين حيث كانت (5.4 و5) نانوغرام/ مل باختبار IgG وIgM على التوالي. وزادت ا E2 أيضًا فكانت (33.6 و35) بيكوغرام/ مل مع IgG وIgM للرجال المصابين على التوالي. بينما انخفضت تراكيز FSH في (12.1 و12.3) وحدة دولية مع IgG وIgM على التوالي. في الإناث، زادت تراكيز FSH وE2 في الإناث المصابة حيث كانت (5.45 و5.9) وحدة دولية/ مل و (260 و250) بيكوغرام/ مل من كلا الهرمونين مع اختبار IgG وIgM على التوالي. انخفض تركيز التستوستيرون (0.98) نانوغرام/ مل مع IgG، لكنه زاد (1.35) نانوغرام/ مل مع IgM في الإناث. أظهرت الدراسة فرقاً معنوياً في تراكيز الهرمونات المدروسة بين العينات غير المصابة ‏والمصابة في الحالة الحادة، ولم تسجل فرقاً معنوياً بين العدوى المزمنة وعدم الإصابة ‏بزيادة معنوية في هرموني التيستسترون والاسترادول (‏E2‎‏) في الذكور والإناث بينما ‏لوحظت الزيادة في هرمون المحفز للحويصلات في الإناث فقط، والذي كان تركيزه أقل عند ‏الذكور بعد الإصابة.‏ الاستنتاج: في ضوء نتائج الدراسة يرى الباحث عن الاصابة بالطفيلي ترتبط مع تغايرات معنوية في تراكيز الهرمونات الجنسية عند الأشخاص ‏العقيمين، وبالتالي يمكن القول إن الاصابة بالمقوسة أحد الاسباب الرئيسة للعقم عند ‏الجنسين.‏ إجراء دراسات أوسع من خلال فحص المزيد من الأشخاص وتحديد العلاقة بين العقم وتركيز الهرمونات الجنسية مع الإصابة بالتوكسوبلازما في الفتيات والفتيان قبل سن البلوغ أو بعده.
The clearance crisis and its impact on the GDP in Palestine between the years (1997-2019): أزمة المقاصة وأثرها على الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في فلسطين ما بين الأعوام (1997-2019)
Authors: Othman Ahmed Sawafta, Mohammed Rabhi Atili Othman Ahmed Sawafta, Mohammed Rabhi Atili
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to analyze the revenue of clearance tax in Palestine between the years (1997-2019), and to demonstrate the impact of the clearance tax crisis on the gross domestic product in Palestine. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach. And used the statistical analysis program STATA and SPSS 23, the study found that there is an effect of clearance revenues on GDP, and that an increase in one unit in clearing revenues leads to an increase of 4.319 unit in GDP, and that there are no statistically significant differences in GDP between the years that a crisis occurred and the years in which there was no crisis attributed to the clearance tax, and the study recommended reformulating economic understandings with Israel, the most important of which is the Paris Economic Protocol, and try to separate economically from Israel and push for the independence of the Palestinian economy, and reducing reliance on clearance tax revenues in financing the general budget due to the control of the Israeli occupation using it as a means of pressure on the Palestinian Authority.
Effectiveness of Self-Explanations Strategy in Developing Physical Concepts and Awareness of future envisioning of secondary stage students: فاعلية استراتيجية التفسيرات الذاتية في تنمية المفاهيم الفيزيائية والوعي باستشراف المستقبل لدى طلاب المرحلة الثانوية
Authors: Naif Helal Zabin Al-Juaid, Muhsen Mustafa Mohammed Abdel-Kad Naif Helal Zabin Al-Juaid, Muhsen Mustafa Mohammed Abdel-Kad
Published: January 2022

Thesis Objectives: The thesis aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using Self-Explanations Strategy in developing physical concepts and the awareness of future envisioning of secondary stage students. To achieve the research objectives, the quasi-experimental approach was used through applying the experiment to two groups (the control and the experimental groups). The sample comprised (51) students; (25) at first secondary term students in the experimental group and (26) students in the control group. Thesis procedures: The scientific content of chapter seven, entitled "gravity" in the physics textbook for the first secondary grade students (second term), was structured and organized according to the philosophy and nature of Self-Explanations Strategy. Then, two tools were prepared; the physical concepts test and the awareness of future envisioning scale. The Validity and reliability of the two tools were applied through applying them on a pilot group of (30) students. They were pre-applied, then the experimental group was taught using Self-Explanations Strategy and the control group was taught using the traditional method. Then, the thesis tools were post-applied to get the raw scores to apply the statistical processing in order to get the results. Thesis results: The results revealed the effectiveness of Self- Explanations Strategy in in developing physical concepts and the awareness of future envisioning. Whereas there statistically significant differences at (a≤0.05) level were existed between the mean scores of the control and the experimental groups students in the post test of concepts as well as the future awareness scale in favor of the experimental group.
The Reality of Crisis management among public school principals in Hebron Governorate during the Corona pandemic: واقع إدارة الأزمات لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في محافظة الخليل خلال جائحة كورونا
Authors: Ashraf Mohammad Abu Khayran, Atef Mahmoud Alarjan Ashraf Mohammad Abu Khayran, Atef Mahmoud Alarjan
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at researching the reality of crisis management among public school principals in the Hebron governorate during the Corona pandemic, and this study was conducted on all public-school principals and principals in the Hebron governorates in the second semester of the academic year 2020/2021 on a sample consisting of (281). As principals, the descriptive approach is used, whereby the study tool that relates to crisis management for government school principals in Hebron Governorate during the Corona pandemic was built: Reality and Obstacles, and the tool’s validity and stability were sure. The study found that the reality of crisis management among public school principals in the Hebron governorate during the Corona pandemic came to a large extent, and the existence of differences in the reality of crisis management among public school principals in the Hebron governorate during the Corona pandemic from the viewpoint of government school principals in the Hebron governorate depending on the educational qualification variable and in favor of the academic qualification Master and above, and according to the variable of the directorate and in favor of the Hebron district, and according to the school gender variable in favor of schools Females by averages. The study found that obstacles to crisis management among public school principals in Hebron Governorate during the Corona pandemic came to a large extent And based on the results of the study, the recommendation: Giving the school director greater powers so that he can cope with any crisis he faces through his work, and work to provide the teaching bodies with training, internet and computers to enable them to work on teaching students according to the distance education programs approved by the ministry, And the participation of school principals in drawing up plans in the directorates and at the level of the ministry, due to their good knowledge of the reality through the nature of their work.
The reasons for the gap between the results of the test of secondary school students in Taif and the results of the general and achievement test: أسباب الفجوة بين نتائج اختبار طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بالطائف وبين نتائج اختبار القدرات العامة والتحصيلي
Authors: Khaled Safar Al-Thubaiti Khaled Safar Al-Thubaiti
Published: January 2022

The current study aimed at the reasons for the gap between the results of the test of high school students in Taif and the results of the general aptitude and achievement test from the viewpoint of students, teachers, educational supervisors and school leaders To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach. Two questionnaires were prepared, a questionnaire for students, and the other was distributed to teachers, supervisors and educational leaders. The study sample reached (343) by (193) students and (150) teachers, an educational supervisor and a school leader. The gap regarding students is ranked according to importance as follows: In the first place, fear of the tests leads to failure to perform with an average of (4.1), and in the second place, "students were not trained in the school on tests similar to the aptitude and achievement tests" with an average of (3.97). With regard to teachers, educational supervisors and school leaders, arranged in order of importance as follows: In the first place is "deficiency in the inclusion of samples of aptitude tests and achievement tests in the curriculum" with an average of (4.49), and in the second place is a deficiency in conducting periodic experimental tests for students during the year for training on exams Achievement abilities and tests, with an average of (4.43). In light of the results of the study, the researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals, the most important of which are: Exercise in awe, attract trainers of the offered mental skills specialists in measurement and evaluation, design tight training bags that specialize in testing general abilities.
دراسة الناقلية الكهربائية والحرارية للمركبات والمحاليل الصلبة الناتجة عن دراسة الجملة الثلاثية (BaCl2-CuSO4-Na2CO3)
Authors: صالح وجدي عيسى , ديب محمد
Published: January 2022

في هذا البحث تم دراسة الناقلية الكهربائية والحرارية للمركبات BaCl2-CuSO4-Na2CO3 - Ba6Na8C4Cl12O12 - Ba6Cu4S4Cl12O16 - Cu6Na8S6C4O36 والمحاليل الصلبة الناتجة عن تفاعل هذه المركبات مع بعضها، باستخدام جهاز قياس الناقلية الحرارية (ITP-M64) وجهاز قياس الناقلية الكهربائية (المساري الأربعة)، والنتائج توضح وجود مواد فائقة الناقلية ومواد متوسطة الناقلية (أنصاف نواقل).
Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria
Authors: Akel Khaled Alyahia, Hassan Zaizafoun, Daed Dugman Akel Khaled Alyahia, Hassan Zaizafoun, Daed Dugman
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study was conducted in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics of referred patients at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia and who have been diagnosed with one of the types of malignant Gastrointestinal tumors and study the distribution of risk factors in these patients. Patients and Methods: An Observational Descriptive study (Cross- Sectional) conducted for the period from January 2020 to January 2021 at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia- Syria (in Gastrointerolog Department). The variables analyzed were age, gender, tumor location and risk factors Results: The research sample included 223 patients (127 males and 96 females). Esophageal tumors are relatively rare and most of them are of the squamous cell carcinoma type (72.8%). Stomach tumors are the second most common tumor with a percentage of (23.8%), and adenocarcinoma constituted 89% of the cases. Colon and rectal cancer represented the largest percentage (35%) of gastrointestinal tumors, and half of these tumors were in the rectum. Pancreatic cancer ranked third with 11.2% of cases. Tumors of the small intestine and gallbladder and hepatocellular carcinoma are relatively rare. Our most frequently seen risk factors were smoking in most tumors, positivity for H. pylori in 70% of gastric adenocarcinoma patients, and family history and inflammatory bowel disease in Colon tumor patients. Conclusion: Although the incidence of some gastrointestinal cancers has decreased, these cancers continue to pose major challenges to public health, especially colorectal tumors.
The Social Skills and Relationship with Family Climate in the Early Childhood (A descriptive study on A Syrian sample): المهارات الاجتماعية وعلاقتها بالمناخ الأسري في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة: (دراسة وصفية على عينة سورية)
Authors: Alaa Ahmad Tawfik Saud, Mohammad Q. Abdallah Alaa Ahmad Tawfik Saud, Mohammad Q. Abdallah
Published: January 2022

The Research aims to Identifying the relationship between the Social Skills and the family climate, Exploring the differences in the Social Skills according to the gender variable and the birth order, in addition to identifying the differences in the family climate according to the economic level of the family. to achieve the research goals, a tool has been applied for measuring the family climate and the social skills on a sample consists of (712) mothers of children aged 3- 6 years in Syria. Research result showed There is a positive correlation between the social skills and the family climate, There are statistically significant differences in the social skills according to the gender variable, no significant differences in the social skills according to the birth order, in addition to there are statistically significant differences in the family climate according to the economic level of the family
Synonyms in the Arabic language: (Studying models from the Noble Qur’an and according to Abu Hayyan Al- Andalusi through his interpretation of the Qur’anic verses): الترادف في اللغة العربية: (دراسة نماذج من القرآن الكريم عند أبي حيان الأندلسي من خلال تفسيره للآيات القرآنية)
Authors: Fathelrahman Elneem Adam Fathelrahman Elneem Adam
Published: January 2022

This study dealt with one of the important language issues, which is the synonymy in the Arabic language and the Qur’an, studying models from the Holy Qur’an and according to Abu Hayyan Al- Andalusi through his interpretation of the Qur’anic verses in directing the linguistic and lexical connotations of the Qur’anic vocabulary; In order to reach the connotations that fall under it, which had the effect of enriching the meaning in the language; This is by examining: the concept of synonymy, linguistically and idiomatically, and the scholars’ position on it in terms of acknowledging its existence and non- existence, as well as synonymy in the Holy Qur’an and its call to clarify the differences between words, and Abu Hayyan al- Andalusi’s position on synonymy and his acknowledgment of its existence. And the result of this is clear in his interpretation of (exploded, Spout and split), saying: And the apparent use of the Qur’an is to use them in one sense because the two verses are one story, as it looked at the apparent meaning of the lexical more than it looked at the word in its context, and one of the results of the dispute that erupted between scholars, ancient and modern on the issue The meaning of synonymy and its proof and denial is mainly due to its extreme importance and the need to take care of it. The synonymous word is the one whose connotation converges with others in the general meaning. Among the peculiarities of the connotation is what we do not discover except in its context in which it is mentioned. All of its meanings, rather the expression is expressed with a word that approximates its meaning. Otherwise, the Qur’anic challenge would not be for the fluent language people, and therefore the synonymy is very few in the language and the Qur’an.
Vocal Harmony in Zaid Bin Ali Reading
Authors: Leena Ali Al-Jarrah, Mustafa Hasan Alqudah Leena Ali Al-Jarrah, Mustafa Hasan Alqudah
Published: January 2022

The Quran readings are considered to be a source of Arab linguistic heritage where they represent various linguistic phenomena characterized by many functional vocal ones. There is no doubt that Zaid Bin Ali contains several vocal phenomena that needs to be thought over deeply. Therefore, the importance of the study emerges where the vocal phenomena whose function was vocal harmony will be dealt by study and analysis to identify their types and influence on the structure of the word. It was followed by a number of results, the most important of which are: The dominant feature of the verbal performance of the reading of Zaid bin Ali is vocal harmony and lightness.
العقوبات التكافلية في التشريع الإسلامي- الكفارات أنموذجاً دراسة فقهية مقارنة
Authors: الأعور محمد شوقي ناصر
Published: January 2022

هدف هذا البحث إلى مناقشة العقوبات التكافلية في التشريع الاسلامي- الكفارات أنموذجاً- دراسة مقارنة، ويتناول تعريف أحكام العقوبة في التشريع الإسلامي، وأحكام التكافل في الإسلام، مع بيان أحكام العقوبات التكافلية في الكفارات ودورها الإيجابي في التكافل الاجتماعي، وأراء الفقهاء في العقوبات التكافلية، وهل هذه الكفارات عقوبات تكافلية وهل هذه جوابر وزواجر في آن واحد، وتناول البحث أنواع الكفارات التكافلية ونوع التكافل في كل كفارة على حده، كما هدف البحث إلى بيان تحليل الأدلة الشرعية المتعلقة بالعقوبات التكافلية في الكفارات في التشريع الاسلامي، ويعتمد هذا البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي والتحليلي وذلك باستقراء أقوال فقهاء الشريعة الإسلامية في حكم الكفارات وأحكامها، مع تحليل ومناقشة ما ذهب إليه كل فريق منهم، مع بيان مقادير العقوبات التكافلية في الكفارات كالإطعام والكساء وأخيراً خاتمة البحث وتضمنت أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها هذا البحث وأهم توصيات البحث.
Parts of the day and their contextual implications in the Holy Qur’an: أقسام اليوم ودلالاتها السياقية في القرآن الكريم
Authors: Zaher Mohammad Hanani Zaher Mohammad Hanani
Published: January 2022

This research deals with (The Day divisions and their linguistic connotations in The Holy Qur’an). At the introduction the researcher showed the research significance   and its general elements. Next, a preface with the title (Before the start) showed the dimensions of this research, its origins and its intrinsic motives. Then, it presented night and day in terms of their concept, essence and origin. After that showed the sections of the day mentioned in the Holy Quran, which are seventeen sections, some of which overlap and group into one section; making it difficult to distinguish   between them, indicating their individual linguistic connotations and importance of to the human being.
دراسة الجدوى الاقتصادية لإنتاج خل التفاح في محافظة اللاذقية – سورية
Authors: فاضل نور أحمد , صقر إبراهيم حمدان
Published: January 2022

إنّ وجود فائض من محصول التفاح، وازدياد مشكلة تسويقه في حال تعرّض الموسم لظروف جوية سيئة، يجعل الحل الأمثل لمواجهة هذه المشكلة بتصنيع خل التفاح، إذ يبرز مشروع تصنيع خل التفاح كنموذجٍ مهمٍ لتطبيق المشاريع الزراعية الصغيرة في سورية، خلال المرحلة القادمة، لذا هدف البحث إلى دراسة الجدوى الاقتصادية لمشروع تصنيع خل التفاح في مناطق زراعة التفاح ضمن المحافظة اللاذقية في سورية. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي ومنهج دراسة الحالة، لدراسة فرضيات الدراسة والتي من أهمها وجود جدوى اقتصادية لتصنيع خل التفاح، من عدم وجود جدوى، وقد توصل البحث لعدد من النتائج من أهمها وجود جدوى اقتصادية من المشروع، فقد بلغ معامل الريعية استناداً لرأس المال المستثمر 47.53%، واستناداً لتكاليف الإنتاج 115.03%، بينما بلغ معامل الربحية استناداً لرأس المال المستثمر 44.49%، وبالنسبة لتكاليف الإنتاج 107.67%، وزمن استعادة رأس المال المستثمر 1.37 سنة. أي أنّ هذا المشروع، ويحقق قيمة مضافة، خاصّة للتفاح غير الصالح للتسويق، ختم البحث بعدد من التوصيات من أهمها أنّه يجب العمل على تشجيع المستثمرين الزراعيين للدخول ضمن هذا المجال من خلال توفير القروض عن طريق بنوك القرى أو التنمية أو مشاريع الصغيرة، وتأمين سوق تصريف لمنتجاتهم، وفتح أسواق جديدة خاصة في مجال التصدير.
Relationship Between Peer Attachment and Adolescent Positive Well-Being with Gender as the Moderating Factor in Malaysia
Authors: Rajendran Kogilavani , Karuppannan Gunasegaran , Binti Juhari Rumaya , Kadir Asnia , Jamba Rosnah
Published: January 2022

Identifying protective factors that could influence the positive well-being of adolescents is important as positive development view emphasizes the possibility of adolescents developing positive traits based on their strengths, positive qualities, and supportive environments. This study examines the relationship between peer attachment with positive adolescent well-being and the role of gender as a moderator for links between peer attachment with positive adolescent well-being. A total of 400 7th Grade students from government schools in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and state of Selangor were involved in this study. Adolescent positive well-being and peer attachment were measured using the Positive Youth Development Scale and Inventory of Peer and Parent Attachment. The results show that peer attachment was  predictor of adolescent positive well-being. The study also found that gender moderated the relationship between peer attachment and adolescent positive well-being. This study provides information on factors that can help the positive development of adolescents. Identifying these factors will provide insight on events or experiences that will increase the occurrence of positive outcomes and reduce the likelihood of negative outcomes.
PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION
Authors: Svitlana Sysoieva
Published: January 2022

The article analyses the impact of globalization and technological development of society on research, education, organization and technology of the educational process. Pedagogical priorities of digitalization of education such as combining the efforts of scientists and practical specialists for a comprehensive analysis and interdisciplinary solution of modern problems of digital educational space and pedagogical principles of education digitalization have been identified. The article formulates the conceptual provisions of digital pedagogy and specification of the content of basic pedagogical concepts of digital education, development of digital didactics, revision of forms, methods, means and technologies of teaching, students’ training and development in the digital space. The features and directions of education of children and youth in the digital space have been identified; new forms and methods of organizing the educational impact on children and youth in the digital environment have been revealed; the risks of digitalization of education and ways to overcome them have been outlined. The article shows that the mission of modern education is to provide society and every citizen with a proper transition to the digital age, focusing on other tools and different living environment and to prepare not only young but also middle-aged and older people for new types and kinds of work. An example of solving problems of digitalization of education, which requires joint efforts of scientists and practical specialists, is the creation and work of the Advisory Board on Digital Education and Pedagogy at the Department of General Pedagogy and Philosophy of Education of the NAES of Ukraine. Its functions are to examine current issues of digitalization of education in relation to interdisciplinarity: philosophical, theoretical and methodological, practical aspects of digital education and pedagogy; to сonduct in-depth research of the benefits and threats of digitalization of educational and scientific activities and to make analytical conclusions and recommendations for the management of education.
Punching Shear Strength Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs without Shear Reinforcement
Authors: Qadan Hani , Yasin Amjad A. , Malkawi Ahmad B. , Rjoub Muhmmad I. M
Published: January 2022

Failure of flat slabs usually occurs by punching shear mode. Current structural codes provide an experience-based design provision for punching shear strength which is often associated with high bias and variance. This paper investigates the effect of adding a horizontal reinforcement mesh at the top of the slab-column connection zone on punching the shear strength of flat slabs. A new equation considering the effect of adding this mesh was proposed to determine the punching shear strength. The proposed equation is based on the Critical Shear Crack Theory combined with the analysis of results extracted from previous experimental and theoretical studies. Moreover, the equation of load-rotation curves for different steel ratios together with the failure criterion curves were evaluated to get the design points. The investigated parameters were the slab thicknesses and dimensions, concrete strengths, size of the supporting column, and steel ratios. The model was validated using a new set of specimens and the results were also compared with the predictions of different international design codes (ACI318, BS8110, AS3600, and Eurocode 2). Statistical analysis provides that the proposed equation can predict the punching shear strength with a level of high accuracy (Mean Square Error =2.5%, Standard Deviation =0.104, Mean=1.0) and over a wide range of reinforcement ratios and compressive strengths of concrete. Most of the predictions were conservative with an underestimation rate of 12%. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-013 Full Text: PDF
Engineering Properties of Concrete Made with Coal Bottom Ash as Sustainable Construction Materials
Authors: Monika Fanny , Prayuda Hakas , Cahyati Martyana Dwi , Augustin Erwiena Nurmala , Rahman Hilal Aulia , Prasintasari Agustin Dwi
Published: January 2022

Concrete is considered one of the construction materials that contribute the most significant carbon dioxide in the world. Meanwhile, according to various studies, concrete production will continue to rise through 2050, especially in developing countries. According to several reports, cement manufacture is one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide in the concrete sector. In addition, overexploitation of aggregates due to concrete production also causes unavoidable natural damage. Bottom ash waste was used as a replacement for cement and fine aggregate as sustainable construction materials. It is envisaged that this research would allow industrial waste to be utilized to its full potential, resulting in a concrete that is more environmentally friendly and minimizes carbon dioxide emissions during the manufacturing process. This study is divided into bottom ash as a cement substitute and bottom ash as a fine aggregate substitute. The engineering properties of the concrete were checked during the experiments in this study when it was fresh and hardened states. The slump test is used to determine the workability of fresh concrete. While for the hardened properties tests consist of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and mass density. The usage of bottom ash as a cement replacement demonstrates that as the composition of bottom ash increases, the performance of the hardened properties of concrete decreases. While using bottom ash as a fine aggregate replacement reveals that the performance of hardened properties has improved as the proportion of bottom ash utilized has increased. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-014 Full Text: PDF
Suitability System of Microbiological Method for Nystatin Potency Determination in the Routine Analysis Using Agar Diffusion Method
Authors: Eissa Dalia Essam , Rashed Engy Refaat , Eissa Mostafa Essam
Published: January 2022

Nystatin is a polyene macrolide antifungal active which is used for the treatment of candidiasis and obtained from some species of Streptomycesbacteria. The present work describes the statistical suitability analysis for regular monitoring of the agar diffusion bioassay in a simple, inexpensive and time-saving process before potency determination. A balanced (symmetrical) two-dose parallel line assay model was applied using the agar well diffusion method for quantification of Nystatin in raw material and finished medicinal dosage form. The routine inspection methodology yielded good results and included calculations by the linear parallel model and by means of regression analysis and verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The assay is based on the inhibitory effect of Nystatin upon a standard strain as described in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). The results of the post validation regular assays were treated statistically by ANOVA and the deviations (expressed as average ± standard deviation) from both raw and column totals were 0.702 ± 0.476 and 0.865 ± 0.468, respectively. The mean value of the variance ratio for regression and parallelism squares were 534.349 ± 212.546 and 0.596 ± 0.345, respectively. The study of Nystatin's ongoing analysis showed that the microbiological assay design is satisfactory with respect to the limiting values for the determination of the potency. The established balanced parallel line assay is reasonably stable and suitable and can be used for the regular drug analysis in routine quality control testing and the quantitation of Nystatin in pharmaceutical dosage form and raw material. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0304-2 Full Text: PDF
Protection of Female Workers' rights in Employment and Incomes in Vietnam
Authors: NGUYEN Thi Hong Loan , PHAM Thu Trang , NGUYEN Thi Ngoc Anh , BUI Thi Thu Thuy , NGUYEN Hong Thai
Published: January 2022

As an important task of the country's socio-economic development, protecting the rights offemale workers in employment and income is concerned and implemented by international organizationsand all countries in the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting the global economy and hurtthe incomes and employment of many female workers. In Vietnam nowadays, there is an increase in theunemployment rate of female workers, gender inequality in employment and income, and the ability tosecure their jobs and income. The article analyzes the current regulations and their implementation in theemployment and income of Vietnamese female workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thearticle also proposes some recommendations on legal provisions related to training backup jobs, arrangingand employing female employees, providing income support for female employees during leave due tothe COVID-19 epidemic; and policies related to female workers and their employers. Theserecommendations will improve Vietnam's labor law on female workers’ rights in employment and incomeand enhance the efficiency of human resource use and socio-economic development.
Evaluasi kecacingan dan gambaran lemak feses kucing dengan gejala diare
Authors: Hasna Afifah , Kusumarini Damar Pramesti , Haq Fadhilah Amalia , Mihardi Arief Purwo , Sovinar Malni , Tampubolon Dinda Septiana Br
Published: January 2022

Konsistensi dan warna feses kucing yang berubah merupakan indikasi adanya gangguan saluran pencernaan. Kajian ini mengevaluasi telur cacing dan gambaran lemak feses pada kucing yang mengalami diare. Kucing domestik sebanyak 5 ekor mengalami gejala klinis berupa anoreksia, letargi, rambut rontok, serta diare dengan skor feses 2/5 dan 3/5. Pemeriksaan feses dengan metode uji apung menunjukkan adanya telur cacing Toxocara sp., Strongyloides sp., dan Trichuris sp. Pemeriksaan lemak dengan pewarnaan Sudan III menunjukkan 2 ekor kucing mengalami steatorrhea. Kucing didiagnosis mengalami kecacingan dengan prognosis fausta. Terapi yang diberikan berupa sediaan antelmintik tablet.
HOTSCC-Ichsan: HOTS of Climate Change with Ichsan’s Taxonomy for Elementary Teacher Candidates
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Fachrial Nur Fadli Hazhar , Nurafifah Sri , Ali Ahmad , Sison Maricar H. , Nurfadhilah Nurfadhilah , Sa’diyah Rika , Rahmaniar Yusi
Published: January 2022

It is a necessity to develop environmental learning to solve climate change problems, in particular. One of the focuses is climate change learning at the elementary school level that requires elementary teacher candidates to understand various climate change issues. Skills needed are Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) measurable using Ichsan’s taxonomy as an innovation. Ichsan’s taxonomy consists of six thinking levels, namely identify, compare, implement, criticize problems, solve problems, and develop innovation. The study describes the HOTS of elementary teacher candidates using the HOTS of Climate Change with Ichsan’s taxonomy (HOTSCC-Ichsan). The study uses a descriptive method with a survey as the data collection technique. The study finds that the HOTS scores of the elementary teacher candidates measured using the HOTSCC-Ichsan are in a very low category (28.03). The finding indicates the need to enhance the HOTS-based learning intensively for the elementary teacher candidates. It requires learning media development to address the low HOTS. The research conclusion is that the HOTS of the elementary teacher candidates is low and needs an improvement
Perbandingan Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Etanol dari Tiga Spesies Ganoderma Asal Pulau Lombok
Authors: Faturrahman Faturrahman , Sukiman Sukiman , Suryadi Bambang Fajar , Sarkono Sarkono , Hidayati Ernin
Published: January 2022

The use of antibiotics is one of the most important ways to deal with the spread and treatment of pathogenic microbial infections. The search for new antibiotic sources continues to be carried out to anticipate the emergence of microbial resistance. One of the natural resources that has the potential as an antimicrobial source is a member of the macrofungi of the Genus Ganoderma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial performance of the ethanol extracts of Ganoderma  lucidum, G. applanatum dan Ganorderma sp. against fungi (Candida albicans dan Cryptococcus neoformans),  gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus dan Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli dan Shigella sp.). Macrofungi samples were taken from the forest area of Nature Tourism Park (TWA) Gunung Tunak, TWA Kerandangan, TWA Suranadi, TWA Nuraksa Sesaot, TWA Lemor and Pusuk forest. The stages of the method performed are sample collection, sample preparation, extraction, and testing of antimicrobial activity using the well difusion method. The ethanol extract concentrations for testing were 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. The results showed that the three Ganoderma species had anti-fungal and antibacterial activity and that different levels of concentration had an effect on inhibition. The size of the inhibition zone is directly proportional to the higher the extract concentration. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract of G. lucidum was higher when compared to G. applanatum and Ganoderma sp. both against fungi (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans) as well as against gram-positive and gram-negative test bacteria. In addition, G. applanatum showed very weak inhibition against both groups of tested bacteria.
 Key words: candidiasis; cryptococcosis; comorbid infections; macerations; pathogens
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS DANA DESA DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG SARI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Hikmah Uyunul , Suhaedi Wirawan , Rakhmawati Intan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas dana desa serta faktor- faktor penentu efektivitas dana desa dengan menggunakan variabel pengelolaan keuangan desa, pendapatan desa, dan belanja desa dalam melihat tingkat efektivitas dana desa, serta mengunakan variabel struktur organisasi, sumber daya manusia, teknologi, dan dukungan kepada aparatur desa dalam melihat faktor-faktor penentu efektivitas dana desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima desa pada Kecamatan Gunung Sari, Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu wawancara semi terstruktur mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) tingkat efektivitas dana desa sebesar 77% termasuk dalam kategori kurang efektif karena dalam tahap pegelolaan dana desa masih sering terlambat dilakukan dan masih banyak kegiatan desa yang belum terealisasikan. (2) faktor-faktor penentu efektivitas dana desa seperti struktur organisasi, teknologi, dan dukungan pada aparatur desa sudah memadai, namun ada satu faktor yang belum memadai yaitu sumber daya manusia.
Sometimes the Music Wins
Authors: Schubert Peter
Published: January 2022

This study applies Kofi Agawu’s proposed method for analyzing texted music (1992), in which the music and the text are analyzed separately before they are considered together, to an early madrigal by Willaert. Focusing primarily on counterpoint, I offer a detailed study of Willaert’s complex compositional technique. I show that he responded to the poem in many ways, but at the same time he made many purely musical decisions. Finally, I consider what his motivations for these decisions might have been and enumerate musical means he used to respond to the different aspects of his text.
Images Processing for Segmentation Neisseria Bacteria Cells
Authors: Kalthom Adam H. Ibrahim  , Mohammed Abdallah Almaleeh  , Moaawia Mohamed Ahmed  , Dalia Mahmoud Adam
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces the segmentation of Neisseria bacterial meningitis images. Images segmentation is an operation of identifying the homogeneous location in a digital image. The basic idea behind segmentation called thresholding, which be classified as single thresholding and multiple thresholding. To perform images segmentation, transformations and morphological operations processes are used to segment the images, as well as image transformation an edge detecting, filling operation, design structure element, and arithmetic operations technique is used to implement images segmentation. The images segmentation represent significant step in extracting images features and diagnoses the disease by computer software applications.
Preparation and characterization of CdS thin film using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique for solar cell application
Authors: F.T.Z. Toma  , K.M.A. Hussain  , M.S. Rahman  , Syed Ahmed
Published: January 2022

The structural properties of CBD deposited CdS thin films have been studied by varying the processing parameters and Cd/S ratio of the starting Precursors in order to better understand the growth conditions. A CdS thin film was prepared on glass substrate by CBD method from a bath containing Thiourea and Ammonium hydroxide. The structural analysis was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The deposited CdS thin film was a cubic phase with small nano crystalline grains. The film was deposited at 60°C for 2 hours. After sintering the film at 300°C for 1 hour the color of the film was changed like dark yellowish and the thickness of the film was obtained 100 nm. The FTIR was done at room temperature over 350 cm-1 to 4500 cm-1 and it showed the existence of different functional group in the sample and their probable source. These studies have allowed us to establish a standard set of conditions for the fabrication of homogeneous and continuous very thin CdS films in laboratory and this preparation technique is also suitable for preparing highly efficient thin film due to its advantages such as simple, large area films, low deposition temperature and low-cost method.