bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Association of Tear Film Abnormalities in All Grades of Primary Pterygium Cases using Schirmer’s Test 1 & 2
Authors:   Postgraduate, Sri Siddhartha Medical College & Research Centre, Tumkur, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, Karnataka, India, Himabindu Challapalli , S Shah Jayashree ,   Professor & Head, Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Siddhartha Medical College & Research Centre, Tumkur, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
Published: February 2023

Background: One of the frequent ocular disorders affecting people in their middle and advanced years of age is pterygium. It is a benign, proliferative disorder of the conjunctiva and subconjunctival tissue that has the potential to impair vision. Clinical examination can quickly diagnose and stage it. Sunlight exposure is believed to be the most significant element in the development of pterygium. Dry eyes, smoking, prolonged outdoor activity, low socioeconomic position, and high altitudes are additional risk factors. If it grows onto the cornea's centre, a major problem is the obliteration of the visual axis. Another reason for impaired vision is the development of irregular astigmatism brought on by flattening of the cornea in the horizontal meridian. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the association of Tear film abnormalities with all grades of pterygium Materials and Methods: The current study was a single-center observational study that was conducted out from December 2020 to July 2022 in the ophthalmology division of Sri Siddhartha Medical College hospital and Research Centre, Tumkur, on patients who attended the OPD with primary pterygium, regardless of treatment. According to the study's inclusion criteria, a total of 91 participants who were diagnosed with pterygium were enrolled. Results: The majority of participants (34.07%) were between the ages of 61 and 70. Pterygium prevalence was higher in females (65.93%) than in males (34.07%) with a 1.96:1 ratio. The majority of the participants (69.23%) had progressive pterygium, followed by regressive pterygium (15.38%) & atrophic pterygium (15.38%). The mean scores of the schirmers tests 1 and 2 in both eyes differed significantly statistically depending on the degree of pterygium (p=0.03). Conclusions: Pterygium is one of the most common ocular conditions in our nation, primarily affecting people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Pterygium has been linked to tear film abnormalities. Keywords: Dry eyes, Pterygium, Tear Film.
Tinospora Cordifolia – A Review
Authors: Rija Maga , Tadhe Goyang Taba , Kumawa Rajesh Kumar , Ravichandiran Dr
Published: February 2023

Traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurvedic, Uninai, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) have been practice in a great account. There is a growing demand for plant based medicines, health products, pharmaceuticals food supplements, cosmetics etc. This plant belongs to the family Menispermaceae. A variety of constituents have been isolated from different parts of T. cordifolia. They belong to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, steroids, glycosides, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides. A review of chemical constitutes present in various parts of Tinospora cordifolia and their pharmacological actions is given in the present article. The study is an attempt to review the status of phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Tinospora cordifolia. Review articles is presented to comply all the updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities, which were performed by widely different methods. The notable medicinal properties are anti-diabetic, anti-spasmodic, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, anti-stress, anti-leprotic, hepatoprotective, immunmodulatory, & anti-neoplastic activities.etc. This review is aimed at summarizing the published knowledge of the traditional uses, botanical description, pharmacological profile and phytochemical reports of Tinospora cordifolia to reveal its therapeutic potentials and scope for future researches. Aim of this article is to give fast review about Tinospora cordifolia.
Conocimientos acerca del tratamiento con warfarina en pacientes con fibrilación auricular o portadores de válvulas protésicas mecánicas
Authors: Vásquez Ortiz Lady Rojana , Díaz Seijas Deysi , Gordillo Campos Natalia Emilia , Aguilar Alban Ana Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Objective. To determine the degree of knowledge about warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation or with mechanical prosthetic valves. Materials and methods. Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. The OAK test was applied to all adult patients with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation or with mechanical prosthetic valves treated with warfarin, who attended the hematology consultation from May 17 to November 10, 2022, at the “Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular Carlos Alberto Peschiera Carrillo”. Results. A total of 150 patients participated, 64% were male, with a mean age of 60.3 ± 15 years, 45.3% with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation and 54.7% with mechanical prosthetic valves. The mean OAK test score was 44.4% (8.4/19), only 6% (n=9) achieved a satisfactory score ≥75.0%, the percentage of correct answers according to dimensions was: 68 % in forms of use, 39.3% in interactions and complications and 41.1% in INR control. A 40.7% did not understand the meaning of the term INR and 81.3% did not know their optimal values. Conclusions. The patient’s degree of knowledge about warfarin treatment was inadequate; both in its use, interactions and complications. Considering that it is a difficult drug to use, due to its narrow therapeutic window and its multiple interactions, inadequate knowledge of its use may contribute to inappropriate anticoagulation.
Impact of Climate Change on Animal Health and Production
Authors: Gebremichael Bashahun , Kefyalew Dese , Mulatu Zerihun , Abdurahaman Mukerim , Tafese Wubit
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To examine the impact of climate change on animal health and production.

Methodology: To review an existing literatures concerning impact of climate change on animal health and production.

Findings: Climate change is seen as a major threat to the survival of many species of animal, ecosystems and the sustainability of livestock production systems globally. Livestock production and health are considerably vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Since several decades back, climate change has become the major issue affecting global and regional ecosystems and people are working on it. Although yet it is real and is happening with concomitant changes in precipitation, flooding, heavy winds, and the frequency of severe events, increased temperature, and changes in humidity. It is evidenced that it will become worse in the future life. Climate change has direct and indirect impacts on emerging and re-emerging animal diseases and zoonoses since it disrupts natural ecosystems and allows disease-causing pathogens to move into new areas where they may harm wild life, domestic species, and humans.

The interaction between animal production and climate change is complex since animal production contributes to climate change. However to the reverse and worse condition, climate change highly affects animal production. Thus, the increased threat of climate change on the animal production and health sectors needs the hands of various stakeholders to work collaboratively.
Diversity and Distribution of Fungi Associated with “Ikwe Pond” Water Source: Their Impact on Water Quality and Human Health
Authors: Mbong Emem , Edem Ekom , Hussain Sajjad , Ntekpe Mfon
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Fungal infections are becoming more and more important because of increasing numbers of immunosuppressed patients. Nonetheless, waterborne fungi are associated with variety of health related conditions. Fungi in the aquatic ecosystem perform essential functions in biogeochemical cycles. However, knowledge of fungal communities associated to a particular aquatic ecosystem is important. In the present study, we seek to investigate the fungal distribution and diversity in Ikwe Pond, located in Eket.

Methodology: A total of thirty different water points were sampled using 30 thoroughly washed 0.50L sterile plastic containers and cultured on SDA plates with 1ml of dilution factors 10-3 and 10-6 used as inoculums. Six fungal species namely Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger.  Cryptococcus sp, Absidia sp, Geotricium sp, were isolated from the 30 sampling points.

Findings: Upstream recorded a total of 27 spores, midstream had 14 spores while downstream recorded 8 spores. Also the colony count revealed that upstream had the highest number of fungal spores count. Clearly, the upstream (59.3%) and the midstream (78.6%) sampling points were dominated by Aspergillus niger while the downstream water column was dominated by Candida tropicalis (50%).

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In many countries, there has been little focus on the occurrence of fungi in water which can lead to severe health related issues but with monitoring on the frequency and distribution of fungi in our waters, this perceived health related complications can be checked.
Eradicating Violence Provoked by Narcissism and others Factors in Secondary Schools: Case Study of Fako Division South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Orok Afor Betek Mary
Published: February 2023

Purpose: School violence is a major concern in Cameroon and the world at large. As an estimated 246 million children and adolescents experience violence in and around the school yearly. In spite of measures put in place by International Organizations and Government of Cameroon, the prevalence of school violence is still on a raise and the consequences devastating on the victims. This study aimed to investigate a transformative approach to curb school violence provoked by narcissism and other factors among secondary schools in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon.Methodology: In an effort to eradicate this ill, a mix research method, with a sequential explanatory design was used. The sample constituted of 381 students, 10 counselors, 10 school administrators, 10 community leaders and 10 parents. Questionnaires, interview and focus group discussion guides were used at different stages for data collection. Thematic analysis was used to analyses qualitative data and Microsoft Excel 2016, Epidata V.4.1 and R programming V.4.1.2 was used to analysis quantitative data.Findings: The study found that the school has as priority to put learners on the path to a promising future, but some dishonest persons hide behind the school to victimize others. It further revealed that a combined 54% of the respondents manifested narcissism at different levels and 44% rarely or never. However, narcissism explained only a portion of the cause of different forms of violence, with variations ranged from 2.2% to 10%. Other causes of school violence includes; drugs & alcohol abuse, embarrassment from some teachers and friends, bullying, corporal punishment, age, past traumatic experiences, peer influence, poverty, negative family dynamics and intoxicated community, impulsive personality, lack of self-control, poor of class management skills, arrogance and misconduct from students. Recommendations: This study recommends a school-home-community partnership in order to manage narcissism and other violent behaviour. Parents should avoid the display of violence at home. They should create a home-school and community partnership and help children know that, they are not exemptions to the rules and regulations.
Innovative Technology in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Pathak Tripuresh
Published: February 2023

The rapid rate of technological progress has been a critical aspect of Human History since the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Information Technology has enabled a large amount of flow of Information, ideas, thoughts, goods, and services across the region in a very short time. Higher education is a field that determines the average productivity of Labour, level of innovation, citizenship, and humane qualities in society. Some thinkers contend that the use of Information Technology is highly harmful while some dream of a technological utopia. The paper puts forward the view that reality is situated between extreme viewpoints.
Impact of Skill Enhancement Training on Quality of Work Life– A Review
Authors: Shenoy Sanjana S. , V. T. Shailashri
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The paper aims, through a literature survey, to study the skill enhancement initiatives of the Government, measures taken by Higher Education Institutions and the role of corporate sector in skill enhancement. The paper also examines the earlier mismatch between industry requirements and academic practices which necessitated skill enhancement efforts and the impact such training programmes have on Quality of Work Life of graduates.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The data for the literature survey is collected from several secondary sources such as research papers, news articles, and websites.
Results/ Findings: The review paper shows the existence of skill gap between the levels required by industry and the levels acquired by graduates. HEIs have re-modelled course content and teaching methodologies to make degrees corporate integrated. The Government has initiated a large number of initiatives to reach its goal of skill enhancement among the workforce/students. The paper also notes the importance of skilled human resources, positive effects of skill enhancement on employee performance, job satisfaction, and also organizational performance.
Value: Through a detailed analysis of literature on the topic, the paper emphasizes the need for skill enhancement efforts.
Type of Paper: Literature Review
Cursos técnicos de habilitação em Educação Física de 2° grau: estudos de caso no Rio de Janeiro no período de 1970 a 1990
Authors: Silva Anderson Guedes da , Andrade Edely Viana de , Melo Marcelo Paula , Maciel Thiago Barreto
Published: February 2023

Presente no sistema universitário em âmbito federal para civis desde 1939, a formação em Educação Física conviveu com outros espaços de formação por longo tempo. Um desses espaços consiste nos cursos técnicos de habilitação de professores em Educação Física ao nível de 2° grau (atual ensino médio). Nesse sentido, que papel teria o curso técnico de formação de professores em Educação Física? Para responder tal questão, a pesquisa teve como objetivo específico analisar os cursos técnicos de 2° grau de formação de professores em Educação Física e a sua mediação com a formação profissional nas décadas de 1970, 1980 e 1990. Como material empírico foi realizada a análise documental de matrizes curriculares, portarias governamentais e legislações federais e estaduais (Rio de Janeiro) sobre educação, além da visita a quatro instituições de educação básica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro que, em outros tempos, ofertavam o referido curso.
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF HERBAL TOURISM IN SABAH: A CASE OF DAI-C-RECREATION CENTRE, KIULU
Authors: Nipo Debbra Toria , Chan Jennifer Kim Lian , Saikim Fiffy Hanisdah
Published: February 2023

The research explores the potential of herbal tourism as an emerging niche tourism in the rural area of Sabah. It describes the various recreational activities offered by Dai-C Recreation Centre and discusses the issues and challenges faced in developing and promoting herbal tourism in rural sites. Two fieldwork and interviews were conducted at the study site from December 2020 to March 2021. The preliminary findings showed that the availability of vast local herbs, the aesthetic landscape, the dense green forest environment and the pristine atmosphere of the Dai-C Recreation Centre are the key factors attributed to the herbal tourism. Based on the findings, Dai-C Recreation Centre has great potential to be recognized as a distinct herbal tourism destination. In addition, the centre provides activities related to herbal tourism which include herbal garden walk, making herbal drink, tea and soaps, cooking herbal dishes as well as education and interpretation centre that features local herbs medicinal and health values. The potential main market segments include the special interest group and researchers who are interested to explore and learn about herbal plants and tourists who are seeking for relaxation and an escape from busy work life or urban cities. Herbal tourism is not only a tourist attraction, but it also generates a range of economic opportunities, income and employment at the rural site. Key issues and challenges faced in developing herbal tourism relate to financial, labour, environmental and climate changes. Hence, support from local government agencies and tourism promotion boards is crucial in ensuring sustainability of herbal tourism. The research adds to existing literature by contributing to a better understanding of herbal tourism and its economic opportunities and benefits to the rural community.
A PERSONALIZED TRAVEL RECOMMENDER SYSTEM USING FUZZY ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Sabri Ily Amalina Ahmad , Mohamad Noor Noor Maizura , Haji Ali Noraida , Ismail Fathilah
Published: February 2023

Information and communication technologies have a deep implication for the industry. This combination is being used extensively in an excessive variety of functions and numerous applications. On the other hand, tourism has become an extremely dynamic system. The globalization enabled by technology development and budget travel cost has greatly increased competition. Decision support system (DSS) can play an important role to organizations and people who managing tourism destinations. The main intention of this research is to apply Decision Support System (DSS) in tourism. It aims to establish a personalized travel recommender system that is interactive and can be easily shared and integrated in order to verify the concept of providing tourism decision support system interactively. Specifically, the study aims to achieve the following objectives; (1) To evaluate and measure criteria and alternatives performance; (2) To analyze the ranking of criteria and alternatives; (3) To recommend tourist in terms of islands, accommodation, activities and etc. based on budget. Evaluation module enables experts in tourism to evaluate criteria and alternatives of small islands to indicate islands’ performance. Analysis module will provide reports for performance of criteria and alternatives based on Best Non-fuzzy Performance. A risk analysis model for travel recommender system development using a fuzzy set approach is proposed and incorporated into the Fuzzy Decision Support System (FDSS).This study presents fuzzy-AHP as a proposed method to apply with decision making in social attributes by applying fuzzy approach. A web-based prototype Decision Support System (DSS) is designed and developed in order to prove the objectives.
TOURISM AND ECONOMIC GROWTH LINKAGES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mulok Dulloh , Kogid Mori , Asid Rozilee , Lily Jaratin , Md Mansur Kasim
Published: February 2023

This study attempts to test a hypothesis of the relationship between the tourism sector and economic growth in Malaysia. Although a large number of literatures indicate that there is strong correlation between the tourism industry and economic growth, not much is known on the dynamic inter-relationship between these variables. This study employs recently developed ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration. The estimated result based on the long run time series behaviour for the number of tourist arrival and economic growth indicator shows that these variables are not cointegrated. In the short run analysis, we found that economic growth has unidirectional Granger caused to the tourism activities. Recognition of the existence of a causal relationship between international tourism and economic growth has important implications for the development of different tourism activities and policy decisions. In order to attract tourism activities, effort must be taken to promote stability as well as sustainability of the economy of this country.
COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM- THE ATTRACTION OF ‘EMBHAN’ COMMUNITY IN KAMPUNG SEMBAN, SARAWAK
Authors: Mohd Rafee Yakup , Jussem Sylvester Wielding , Awang Arshad Awangko' Hamdan , Halim Hakimi , Siri Hishamuddin , Abol Hassan Mohd Zamhari
Published: February 2023

Kampung Semban is a remote village and currently renowned for its Embhan community which is one of the sub-ethnic groups of Bidayuh in Sarawak. This community has been widely portrayed in the local tourism industry through the spectacular appearance of their last remaining ‘Ring Ladies’. These special ladies wore brass-rings around their calves called ‘rasung’, and brass-rings around the forearms known as ‘ruyang’. However, based on research, the researcher found out that there are more than just the ‘Ring Ladies’ factor that draws visitors to Kampung Semban. This paper aims to describe the findings based on the researcher’s experience and observation relating to the additional attraction factors in Kampung Semban and propose it in promoting and boosting this industry further. The researcher anticipated that the potential of these findings could be employed as a proposal in enhancing the development of this competitive community-based tourism in BIMP-EAGA region particularly in Malaysia. To conclude, it is hope that this writings could also be utilized as part of the contribution towards enriching the visual references and rec
GROWTH, FRUCTIFICATION OF REISHI (Ganoderma lucidum) AND OYSTER (Pleurotus florida) MUSHROOMS, AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHANGES OF MEDIUM TREATED WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF DIESEL
Authors: Enriquez Vincent
Published: February 2023

Mushrooms are known to be the most effective degraders of agricultural waste and have been valued as medicinal and food resources. They have unique enzymes that could degrade complex materials, yet little is known for their potential to transform hydrocarbon pollutants into non-toxic compounds. The capability of hydrocarbon utilization was assessed by growing two popular mushroom species of Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus florida in a medium mixed with diesel. Their growth and fructification were assessed in terms of their mycelial growth and fructification parameters such as number of clusters, fruiting bodies, stipe length, cap diameter, and biological efficiency conversion (BEC). The media used in this study were composed of sawdust, rice bran, lime and sugar with a mixture of water and varying concentrations of diesel from 0% to 40%. Mycelial growth of both mushrooms proved to tolerate effectively the diesel concentrations up to 20% but not tolerated in Ganoderma lucidum at higher concentration. Fructification occurred in all diesel concentrations for Pleurotus florida, and at 0% and 10% for Ganoderma lucidum. The fructification parameters were all affected by added diesel except for stipe length. In terms of media changes, the pH levels showed a decreasing pattern and favored growth and fructification of both mushrooms except for diesel concentrations from 20% to 40% of Ganoderma lucidum due to ammonification. Total carbon and potassium of media revealed a decreasing pattern, while nitrogen and phosphorus contents showed an increasing pattern. These patterns of chemical indicators favored mushrooms‟ capability to grow and tolerate the effect of diesel, considered an environmental pollutant. The effectiveness of both mushrooms in facilitating biodegradation and transformation in varying concentrations of diesel as source of pollutant suggests that they could be employed as bioremediation agents on sites contaminated by hydrocarbon carrying pollutants.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT TẠO HÌNH KHE HỞ VÒM MIỆNG TOÀN BỘ MỘT BÊN SỬ DỤNG HAI VẠT CHỮ Z NHỎ ĐẢO NGƯỢC
Authors: Trịnh Đỗ Vân Ngà , Lê Văn Sơn , Đặng Triệu Hùng , Nguyễn Khánh Long
Published: February 2023

Khe hở vòm miệng (KHVM) là dị tật bẩm sinh có ảnh hưởng lớn về chức năng ăn uống, phát âm, sức nghe, tăng trưởng mặt và tâm lý của trẻ. Phẫu thuật tạo hình vòm miệng (THVM) đóng vai trò quan trọng đến sự thành công của điều trị. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật ở bệnh nhân KHVM toàn bộ một bên được phẫu thuật THVM bằng phương pháp có sử dụng hai vạt chữ Z nhỏ đảo ngược. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng không đối chứng, đánh giá kết quả theo mô hình trước – sau trên 30 bệnh nhân KHVM toàn bộ một bên được phẫu thuật tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương từ tháng 6/ 2021 đến tháng 8/ 2022. Kết quả: Sau phẫu thuật, chiều dài vòm miệng trung bình tăng 3,40 ± 1,43 (mm). Tỷ lệ biến chứng sớm sau mổ là 6,7% với 2/30 bệnh nhân có phù nề, nhiễm trùng nhẹ. Tại thời điểm tái khám sau phẫu thuật 2 tháng, tỷ lệ không có biến chứng đạt 90%, 2 trường hợp (6,7%) có hình thể lưỡi gà không rõ ràng, 1 trường hợp (3,3%) có lưỡi gà chẻ đôi.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT BONG VÕNG MẠC DÙNG ĐÈN NỘI NHÃN CHANDELIER ĐIỀU TRỊ BONG VÕNG MẠC NGUYÊN PHÁT
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Anh , Đặng Trần Đạt
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị bong võng mạc nguyên phát bằng phương pháp phẫu thuật bong võng mạc kinh điển dùng đèn nội nhãn chandelier. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm lâm sàng không có nhóm đối chứng trên 15 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật bong võng mạc kinh điển dùng đèn nội nhãn chandelier điều trị bong võng mạc nguyên phát tại khoa Dịch kính - Võng mạc Bệnh viện Mắt Trung Ương từ 07/2021 đến 07/2022. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu bao gồm 15 mắt của 15 bệnh nhân. Tuổi trung bình bệnh nhân đến khám 51,40 ± 15,97 (17 - 75 tuổi) với nam 66,7%, nữ 33,3%. Thị lực chỉnh kính tối đa (BCVA) trung bình trước điều trị 1,54 ± 0,74 logMAR. Mức độ bong võng mạc 1 góc phần tư, 2 góc phần tư và 3 góc phần tư và toàn bộ lần lượt là 20%, 40%, 13,3% và 26,7%. Kết quả giải phẫu 80% (12/15 mắt) thành công sau 1 lần phẫu thuật và 100% (15/15 mắt) sau lần phẫu thuật cuối cùng. Kết quả thị lực tại thời điểm 6 tháng sau phẫu thuật cải thiện đáng kể 0,62 ± 0,46 logMAR (p = 0,001). Kết luận: Phẫu thuật bong võng mạc kinh điển có dùng đèn nội nhãn chandelier là một phương pháp mới, cho kết quả khả quan trong điều trị bong võng mạc nguyên phát.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT THAY KHỚP GỐI TOÀN PHẦN SAU 5 NĂM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ VIỆT ĐỨC
Authors: Phạm Quang Thắng , Nguyễn Xuân Thùy , Vũ Trường Thịnh
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật thay khớp gối toàn phần (KGTP) sau 5 năm tại Bệnh Viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 42 bệnh nhân (BN) với 42 khớp gối được thay trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 1/2015 đến tháng 12/2016 tại bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức, loại khớp được thay khớp gối nhân tạo có xi măng, hy sinh dây chằng chéo sau, lớp đệm cố định, không thay bánh chè. Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu cắt ngang. Đánh giá sau mổ bằng thang điểm KSS, thời gian theo dõi trên 5 năm. Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình của nghiên cứu là 64 tuổi với 39 BN nữ (chiếm 92,9%), 3 BN nam (chiếm 7,1%). Điểm trung bình KS 90,3±6,6; kết quả rất tốt chiếm 78,6%; tốt 21,4% không có trường hợp nào đạt mức khá trở xuống. Điểm trung bình KFS 90,8±7,4, rất tốt chiếm 78,6%; tốt 21,4% không có trường hợp nào đạt mức khá trở xuống. Biên độ gấp gối trung bình đạt 96°±14,2°. Đánh giá chủ quan 66,7% người bệnh cảm thấy rất hài lòng với kết quả điều trị. Không có trường hợp nào gặp tai biến, biến chứng gì sau mổ. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật thay KGTP đưa lại kết quả giảm đau tốt, cải thiện được chức năng của khớp và chất lượng cuộc sống. Tỉ lệ ăn mòn, hư hại khớp thấp. Tuy nhiên cần đánh giá trong thời gian dài hơn và cỡ mẫu lớn hơn.
ĐÁNH GIÁ VAI TRÒ CỦA SIÊU ÂM CƠ HOÀNH TRONG TIÊN LƯỢNG CAI THỞ MÁY
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Hải , Bùi Văn Cường , Đặng Quốc Tuấn
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá vai trò của siêu âm cơ hoành trong tiên lượng cai thở máy. Đối tượng: Tất cả bệnh nhân được cai thở máy có chỉ định rút ống nội khí quản tại Trung tâm hồi sức tích cực – Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 8 năm 2021 đến tháng 9 năm 2022. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu, bệnh nhân đủ tiêu chuẩn lựa chọn, đủ tiêu chuẩn cai máy, thử nghiệm thở tự nhiên thành công có chỉ định rút ống nội khí quản. Các thông số thông khí phút (MV), tần số thở, chỉ số thở nhanh nông (RBSI) trên máy thở được lấy khi bệnh nhân thở máy theo phương thức thở PSV, siêu âm cơ hoành tiến hành ngay trước khi rút ống khi bệnh nhân tự thở T-tube qua nội khí quản. Kết quả: tỉ lệ cai máy thở thành công là 73,3% (n = 33), thất bại là 26,7% (n = 12), 18 bệnh nhân có rối loạn cơ hoành (40%) và 27 bệnh nhân không rối loạn cơ hoành (60%), hành trình cơ hoành (DEN) và tỉ lệ dày lên cơ hoành (DTF%) hai bên là không khác nhau ở hai nhóm rút ống thành công và rút ống thất bại. Trong nhóm có rối loạn cơ hoành, DEN phải ở nhóm rút ống thất bại là thấp hơn nhóm rút ống thành công với cut-off < 0,48cm cho độ nhạy 100%, độ đặc hiệu 60%, diện tích dưới đường cong (AUC) là 0,86. Kết luận: Siêu âm cơ hoành không có giá trị tiên lượng rút ống khí quản ở tất cả các bệnh nhân. Bệnh nhân có rối loạn cơ hoành DEN phải < 0,48 cm tiên lượng rút ống nội khí quản thất bại, DEN phải > 1cm tiên lượng rút ống nội khí quản thành công ở bệnh nhân ho khạc tốt.
SOME PECULIARITIES OF SLANG “NADSAT” IN THE ARMENIAN TRANSLATION OF “A CLOCKWORK ORANGE” BY A. BURGESS
Authors: MINASYAN ALLA
Published: February 2023

The aim of the present research is to reveal the peculiarities of
“Nadsat” slang as anti-language created by Anthony Burgess in his dystopian
novel “A Clockwork Orange” and the peculiarities of its translation into
Armenian. Translation of “Nadsat” is a real challenge for any translator. The
main problem translators face is to preserve the effect of “Nadsat” in the
target language through adequate techniques of translation. The study is
based on the analysis of the Armenian translation by Zaven Boyajyan. The
study proves that in the Armenian translation of “CoreNadsat” the translator
succeeded in keeping both semantic and stylistic peculiarities of the specific
text created by Antony Burgess.
OVERVIEW OF THE NEW 2022 EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY GUIDELINES ON CARDIO-ONCOLOGY
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, V.A. Sujayeva
Published: February 2023

The article presents the main provisions of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on Cardio-Oncology, developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association, the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, the International Society of Cardiac Oncology in 2022. This is the first ESC guidelines on cardio-oncology, with 272 new recommendations, making the document very informative and voluminous. In this regard, within the framework of this article, only some concepts, definitions and directions for managing cancer patients will be reflected. The main factors of cardiovascular risk, as well as existing approaches to their assessment in patients before the start of cancer therapy and at the stages of dynamic observation, will be considered in detail. Separately, cardiovascular risk stratification associated with cancer therapy in various categories of patients is given.
ULTRAVIOLET BLOOD PHOTOMODIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (PART 1). PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, O.V. Laskina , G.A. Zalesskaya ,   Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, N.V. Mashchar ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: February 2023

Objective. To specify photochemical reactions, occurring in the blood of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), followed by the study of the mechanisms of alterations of ultraviolet blood modification (UVBM) into biological reactions. Methods. We studied 90 blood samples from patients with NSTE-ACS, receiving complex treatment that included UVBM by mercury lamp radiation with blood taken from the ulnar vein (device "Nadezhda"), the course of treatment consisted of 5 procedures conducted daily. We compared absorption spectra of blood and erythrocytes, results of optical oximetry, spectrophotometry, data of general blood analysis before UVBM, during individual procedures and 20-30 minutes after the end of the course. Results. We have studied the effect of UVBM on patients with NSTE-ACS. Based on the results of spectral and clinical studies of blood, patterns of its photomodification under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation were found. The spectra of blood absorption and blood oxygenation were evaluated in patients whose complex treatment included five courses of UVBM along with traditional drug therapy. It is noted that UV radiation leads to photomodification of blood, changes in the partial pressure of blood gases, changes in the level of oxyhemoglobin and the degree of hemoglobin oxygen saturation. UVBM is proven as an effective method of non-drug treatment of patients with NSTE-ACS. Conclusion. UVBM, influencing the oxygen metabolism in patients with NSTE-ACS, increases the oxygen capacity of the blood, reduces the oxygen demand by the tissues. Photoinduced changes in the degree of hemoglobin oxygen saturation are determined by the individual sensitivity of patients to UV radiation and can be controlled by venous blood oxygenation as the best way to individualize therapy.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF STENTS IN THE CORRECTION OF CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, V. Stelmashok
Published: February 2023

Aim. To study cost-effectiveness of different types of stents in the correction of chronic total occlusion (CTO). Methods. The study included 119 patients after successful coronary artery CTO recanalization in 2009–2012. After 6.1±0.9 months and 12.7±1.6 months a control examination was performed (coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography). Negative events (in-stent restenosis and thrombosis) were analyzed. Taking into account the obtained data, direct costs were calculated including the cost of implants, and the cost of restenosis and thrombosis treatment. Results. The highest frequency of in-stent restenosis (p < 0.05) was registered after IntrepideTM (in 57.1% cases) and Prolim® (in 47.4% cases) stent implantation while the similar events in cases of Taxus® Express 2, Xience V®/Xience Prime® LL, Endeavor® Resolute, Nobori® stent implantation were registered in 0-11.1% of cases. There weren’t differences in the thrombosis incidence between studied types of implants (p > 0.05). Based on the data obtained, the stents were classified as devices with low rate of adverse events (Taxus® Express 2, Xience V®/Xience Prime® LL, Endeavor® Resolute, Nobori® – LRAE group), and those with a high rate of restenosis and thrombosis (IntrepideTM and Prolim® – HRAE group). The average cost of stents in the LRAE group was 2155.1 US dollars. Endovascular correction of in-stent restenosis were performed in 6.3% of cases, thrombosis – in 1.3%, the average direct treatment cost per patient over 12.7±1.6 months totaled 3906.4 US dollars. In the HRAE group the cheaper devices were implanted (median cost was $1650.8). Repeated PCIs due to restenosis were performed in 52.5% of cases, one patient (2.5%) with verified thrombosis underwent CABG. The average direct treatment cost per patient over 12.7±1.6 months period was 4993.5 US dollars, which was $1,087.1 more than in the LRAE group. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate higher financial cost during 12.7±1.6 months follow-up period after IntrepideTM and Prolim® stent implantation in the recanalized CTO areas. This emphasizes the impotance of using coronary stents with proven minimal risks of in-trastent restenosis and thrombosis in CTO cases.
MENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY AND THE RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS: A MODERN ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, А. Zaharko , A. Podgornaya ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, O. Murashko ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology
Published: February 2023

Age-related aspects of women's health have been in the focus of attention of cardiologists, gynecologists, and endocrinologists for many years. The physiological features of the course of the peri- and postmenopausal periods and the possible consequences of estrogen deficiency are already well-studied. For nearly 20 years, there has been a debate about the benefit-risk ratio of menopausal hormone therapy. The evidence for its protective effect on age-related cases is overwhelming: prevention of osteoporosis development, cardiovascular diseases, cognitive decline, and improvement of the overall quality of life. The article presents current data on the association of menopausal hormone therapy with venous thromboembolic complications, depending on the type of estrogen and progestogen components, dose, regimen and methods of application. The feasibility and safety of menopausal hormone therapy in the context of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic is considered. The probability of increased risk of thromboembolic complications in case of COVID-19 infection during menopausal hormone therapy has not been proven in clinical practice. The data from the latest publications are presented, indicating the likely positive effect of female sex hormones on the course of SARS-CoV-2 and the recommendations of the leading international communities on menopause measurement regarding the admissibility of menopausal hormone therapy during the pandemic and limited ability to counsel patients.
Ozone in the boreal forest in the Alberta oil sands region
Authors: Zhang Xuanyi , Gordon Mark , Makar Paul A , Jiang Timothy , Davies Jonathan , Tarasick David
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Measurements of ozone were made using an instrumented tower and a tethersonde located in a forested region surrounded by oil sands production facilities in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR). Our observations and modelling show that the concentration of ozone was modified by vertical mixing, photochemical reactions, and surface deposition. Measurements on the tower demonstrated that when winds are from the direction of anthropogenic emissions from oil sand extraction and processing facilities, the ozone mixing ratio in the forest is as much as 10 ppb lower than when winds are from the direction of undisturbed forest. This finding is supported by previous studies which suggest that surplus NOx from oil sands emissions results in ambient ozone titration. Gradients of ozone mixing ratio with height were observed using instruments on a tethered balloon (up to a height of 300 m) as well as a pulley system and 2-point gradients within the canopy. Strong gradients (ozone increasing with height between 0.2 and 0.4 ppb m-1) were measured in the canopy overnight, while daytime gradients were weaker and highly variable. A 1D canopy model was used to simulate the afternoon in-canopy gradient with reduced mixing overnight (suggesting high stability within the canopy), and an ozone deposition velocity of 0.2 cm s-1. Sensitivity simulations using the model suggest the local NO concentration profile and coefficients of vertical diffusivity have a significant influence on the O3 concentrations and profiles in the region.
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer
Authors: Moser Manuel , Voigt Christiane , Jurkat-Witschas Tina , Hahn Valerian , Mioche Guillaume , Jourdan Olivier , Dupuy Régis , Gourbeyre Christophe , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Lucke Johannes , Boose Yvonne , Mech Mario , Borrmann Stephan , Ehrlich André , Herber Andreas , Lüpkes Christof , Wendisch Manfred
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Airborne in-situ cloud measurements were carried out over the northern Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard in spring 2019 and summer 2020. In total, 815 minutes of low-level cloud observations were performed during 20 research flights above the sea ice and the open Arctic ocean with the Polar 5 research aircraft of the Alfred Wegener Institute. Here, we combine the comprehensive in-situ cloud data to investigate the distributions of particle number concentration N, effective diameter Deff and cloud water content CWC (liquid and ice) of Arctic clouds below 500 m altitude, measured at latitudes between 76 and 83° N. We developed a method to quantitatively derive the occurrence probability of their thermodynamic phase from the combination of microphysical cloud probe and Polar Nephelometer data. Finally, we assess changes in cloud microphysics and cloud phase related to ambient meteorological conditions in spring and summer and address effects of the sea ice and open ocean surface conditions. We find median N from 0.2 to 51.7 cm-3 and about two orders of magnitude higher N for mainly liquid clouds in summer compared to ice and mixed-phase clouds measured in spring. A southerly flow from the sea ice in cold air outbreaks dominates cloud formation processes at temperatures mostly below -10 °C in spring, while northerly warm air intrusions favor the formation of liquid clouds at warmer temperatures in summer. Our results show slightly higher N in clouds over the sea ice compared to the open ocean in both seasons, indicating enhanced cloud formation processes over the sea ice. The median CWC is higher in summer (0.16 g m-3) than in winter (0.05 g m-3) as this is dominated by the available atmospheric water content and the temperatures at cloud formation. We find large differences in the particle sizes in spring and summer and an impact of the surface conditions, which modify the heat and moisture fluxes in the boundary layer. By combining microphysical cloud data with thermodynamic phase information from the Polar Nephelometer, we find mixed-phase clouds as the dominant thermodynamic cloud phase in spring with a frequency of occurrence of 61 % over the sea ice and 66 % over the ocean. Pure ice clouds exist almost exclusively over the open ocean in spring, and in summer the cloud particles are most likely in the liquid water state. The comprehensive low-level cloud data set will help to better understand the role of clouds and their thermodynamic phase in the Arctic radiation budget and to assess the performance of global climate models in a region of the world with strongest anthropogenic climate change.
Distributions of bacteriohopanepolyols in lakes and coastal lagoons of the Azores Archipelago
Authors: Richter Nora , Hopmans Ellen C. , Mitrović Danica , M. Raposeiro Pedro , Gonçalves Vítor , Costa Ana C. , Amaral-Zettler Linda A. , Villanueva Laura , Rush Darci
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) are a diverse class of lipids produced by bacteria across a wide range of environments. In this study, we aim to further identify BHPs related to ecological niches and/or specific bacteria by characterizing the distribution of BHPs in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the water column and in sediments in a range of lakes and coastal lagoons from the Azores Archipelago, as well as in a co-culture enriched for methanotrophs. Sediment samples from Azorean lakes with low oxygen conditions during the summer months (i.e., Azul, Verde, Funda, and Negra) contain relatively high abundances of BHPs that are typically associated with methane-oxidizing (methanotrophic) bacteria (i.e., aminotetrol, aminopentol, and methylcarbamate-aminopentol), as well as the ethenolamine-BHPs (i.e., ethenolamine-BHpentol and ethenolamine-BHhexol) and the formylated aminoBHPs. Both ethenolamine-BHPs and formylated aminoBHPs were also detected in a co-culture enriched for methanotrophs obtained from a lake. In the SPM of all water columns, bacteriohopanetetrol (BHT), BHT-cyclitol ether, and aminotriol are the dominant BHPs. In SPM from Lake Funda, nucleoside BHPs (i.e., Me-adenosylhopaneHG-diMe, N1-methylinosylhopane, 2Me-N1-inosylhopane, and Me-N1-inosylhopane) are present in low abundance or absent under oxic conditions but increase in concentration near the chemocline, suggesting potential in situ production of these nucleoside BHPs rather than an allochthonous origin. In contrast, sediments from shallow, well-mixed lakes (i.e., Empadadas, São Jorge, and Lomba) contain higher abundances of adenosylhopane and N1-methylinosylhopane, which likely originate from bacteria living in nearby soils. In the coastal lagoons, Cubres East and West, methoxylated-BHTs were detected, and higher abundances of ethenolamine-BHT were observed. This study highlights the diversity of BHPs in lakes and coastal lagoons and their potential as taxonomic markers for bacteria associated with certain ecological niches, which can be preserved in sedimentary records.
EnKF-based fusion of site-available machine learning air quality predictions from RFSML v1.0 and gridded chemical transport model forecasts from GEOS-Chem v13.1.0
Authors: Fang Li , Jin Jianbing , Segers Arjo , Li Ke , Xu Bufan , Han Wei , Pang Mijie , Lin Hai Xiang , Liao Hong
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Statistical methods, particularly machine learning models, have gained significant popularity in air quality predictions. These prediction models are trained using the historical measurement datasets independently collected at the environmental monitoring stations, and their operational forecasts onward by the inputs of the real-time ambient pollutant observations. Therefore, these high-quality machine learning models only provide site-available predictions. In contrast, deterministic chemical transport models (CTM), which simulate the full life cycles of air pollutants, provide forecasts that are continuous in 3D field. However, owing to the complex error sources due to the emission, transport, and removal of pollutants, CTM forecasts are typically biased particularly in fine scale. In this study, we proposed a gridded prediction with high accuracy by fusing predictions from our recent regional-feature-selection machine learning prediction (RFSML v1.0) and a CTM forecast. The prediction fusion was conducted using the Bayesian theory-based ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). Background error covariance was an essential part in the assimilation process. Ensemble CTM predictions driven by the perturbed emission inventories were initially used for representing their spatial covariance statistics, which could resolve the main part of the CTM error. In addition, a covariance inflation algorithm was designed to amplify the ensemble perturbations to account for other model errors next to the uncertainty in emission inputs. Model evaluation tests were conducted based on independent measurements. Our EnKF-based prediction fusion presented significant improvements than the pure CTM. Moreover, covariance inflation further enhanced the fused prediction particularly in the cases of severe underestimation.