bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A „megkérdőjelezhetetlen áldozat” diszkurzív konstrukciója
Authors: Virágh Enikő Anna
Published: July 2020

A nemi erőszakos ügyek tárgyalása (szemtanúk és bizonyítékok híján) a tárgyalótermekben és a médiában is gyakran a „Ki mond igazat?” kérdésre szűkül, ahol végső soron a vádló és a vádlott hitelessége kerül mérlegre (Phipps 2009). Mind a büntetőjogi rendszer, mind a közvélemény, mind a média határt húz az „érdemtelen” és a „megkérdőjelezhetetlen” nemi erőszak áldozat közé, ami befolyásolja az ügy megítélését, az áldozat hitelességét és ezzel a felé irányuló szimpátia és a vele vállalt szolidaritás mértékét is (Greer 2017; Phipps 2009). A megkérdőjelezhetetlen áldozatiság pedig összefüggést mutathat a nemi rendben elfoglalt pozícióval (Connell 2000; Schippers 2007), és az osztályhelyzettel is (Skeggs 1997). Tanulmányom középpontjában a Kiss László-ügyben szereplő áldozat narratívájának elemzése áll. Elemzésemben a hangsúlyt a genderrel illetve az osztállyal kapcsolatos önreprezentációk vizsgálatára helyezem. Annak bemutatására teszek kísérletet, hogy az áldozat narratívájában milyen femininitás- és osztályhelyzet-konstrukciókon keresztül teremtődik meg a megkérdőjelezhetetlen áldozat képe és ezen keresztül a hitelesség, hogyan erősítik, illetve gyengítik egymást a gender-, illetve az osztályhierarchiában elfoglalni szándékozott identitáspozíciók, végül hogyan hat vissza mindez a társadalmi nemek fennálló hierarchikus rendjére.
A catcalling megítélése és arra adott reakciók összefüggése egyes pszichológiai tényezőkkel
Authors: Fedor Zsuzsanna , Snakóczki Réka , Kengyel Judith Gabriella
Published: July 2020

A catcalling nem csak egy kellemetlen élmény, melyet a legtöbb nő legalább egyszer átél élete során (MacMillan, Nierobisz & Welsh 2000), hanem egy mechanizmus, amely által a hagyományos nemi szerepek, az ágens férfi és a passzív női szerep megerősítést nyernek. Amennyiben a zaklatásra passzivitás, vagy jószándék-tulajdonítás a válasz, az normatívként láttatja ezt a jelenséget, megerősítve az egyenlőtlen nemi szerepeken alapuló szexista rendszert (Fairchild 2009). A háttérben a rendszerigazolás jelensége húzódik meg, mely során az egyén olyan csoportközi viszonyokat, társadalmi berendezéseket is legitimál, melyek ellentmondanak csoportos vagy egyéni érdekeinek (Jost & Banaji 1994). Ennek számos negatív pszichés hatása van, például az erőszaktól való állandó félelem (Fairchild & Rudman 2008), vagy az alacsony önértékelés (Saunders, Scaturro, Guarino & Kelly 2016). Írásunk azt kívánja feltárni, milyen tényezők állnak kapcsolatban a jelenséggel, mik nyújthatnak védelmet, segítve az egyén megküzdését az ilyen jellegű tapasztalatokkal. 1. vizsgálatunk felvetése arra irányul, hogy a férfiak és nők közötti status quo fenntartására való késztetés, hogyan befolyásolja a nők zaklatással kapcsolatos vélekedéseit és alkalmazott megküzdési módjaikat, továbbá kitér önértékelésük, valamint a megküzdés módjaik összefüggéseire is. 2. vizsgálatunk célja azon tényezők felderítése, melyek segítik a catcallinggal való aktív megküzdést, valamint negatív kapcsolatban állnak az önváddal, a rendszer fenntartását segítő jószándék-tulajdonítással, és a zaklatás pozitív megítélésével. Kutatásunk megkísérli a domináns csoport általi észlelt fenyegetettség catcallinggal való kapcsolatának feltárását is.
A quick Look at the Registered Cases of Covid-19 Throughout the World
Authors: Isea Raul , Lonngren Karl E
Published: July 2020

The present work analyzes the registered cases of Covid-19 throughout the world according the data registered at Johns Hopkins University. We selected 15 countries to analyze their data. In alphabetical order the countries are: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico, Peru, Portugal, Spain, United States and Venezuela. With this information, three different studies were carried out. First, the data was validated using Benford's Law which is based on forensic techniques that allow us to guarantee the integrity of the information. Later, we calculated the value of the basic reproduction number (R0), ie., the number of secondary host infections caused by one primary host infection that helps us to determine if a country has an outbreak of Covid-19. Finally, we show that the best representation for the change in the number of cases in the time is to calculate the mantissa value, ie., the floating number obtained from the logarithm of the data.
Bioelectricity Generation From Single-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells With Various Local Soil Media and Green Bean Sprouts as Nutrient
Authors: Mulyono Tri , Misto Misto , Busroni Busroni , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: July 2020

In this experiment, seven single-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were made and filled with various types of local agricultural soil and sediments found in irrigation channels, which were mixed with glucose and green bean sprouts mashed as nutrients for microbial survival. MFC electric power was measured every day for 35 days. Every time low electric power indicated weak microbial activity, green bean sprouts were added. The highest electric power of 118 µW (23.4 mW/m2) was observed in fuel cells filled with agricultural land planted with rice. Power density reached the range of 120–140 mW/m2, whereas the incubation time showed a maximum of 35 days. This study found that adding green bean sprouts can increase the length of the MFC cycle and strengthen the generated power up to 122 mW.
Human chondrocyte-conditioned medium promotes chondrogenesis of bone marrow stem cells
Authors: Razali Rabiatul Adawiyah , Lokanathan Yogeswaran , Chowdhury Shiplu Roy , Yahaya Nor Hamdan Mohamad , Saim Aminuddin Bin , Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
Published: July 2020

Background

Cell-based therapy for osteoarthritis requires culturing of good quality cells, especially with a chondrogenic lineage, for implantation.

Objective

To investigate the ability of chondrocyte-conditioned medium (CCM) to induced chondrogenesis.

Methods

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were subjected to chondrogenic induction using CCM and chondrocyte induction medium (CIM). The optimal condition for the collection of CCM was evaluated by quantifying the concentration of secreted proteins. The chondrogenic efficiency of BMSCs induced by CCM (iCCM) was evaluated using immunocytochemical analysis, Safranin-O staining, and gene expression.

Results

Protein quantification revealed that CCM obtained from cells at passage 3 at the 72 h collection point had the greatest amount of protein. Supplementation of CCM results in the aggregation of BMSCs; however, no clumping was visible as in iCIM. The expression of collagen type 2 was detected as early as day 7 for all groups except for non-induced BMSCs; however, the level of expression decreased with culture time. Similarly, all tested groups showed positive staining for Safranin-O as early as day 7. The induction of BMSCs by CCM caused the down-regulation of collagen type 1, along with the up-regulation of the collagen type 2, ACP and SOX9 genes.

Conclusion

The optimum CCM to induce BMSC into chondrocytes was collected at passage 3 after 72 h and was used in a 50:50 ratio of CCM to fresh medium.
Digital image processing technique to measure the range of motion of the elbow
Authors: Charoenlap Chris , Piromsopa Krerk
Published: July 2020

Background

Most photography-based arc of motion measurements require human assessment and their accuracy depends on the observer.

Objectives

To develop a digital image processing technique (DIPT) for measuring elbow range of motion (ROM), and to assess its validity and reliability compared with standard methods.

Methods

Physiotherapists performed digital goniometer and inclinometer ROM measurements bilaterally on healthy volunteer elbows. A photographer took digital images of elbows fully extended and fully flexed 3 times using an 8-megapixel smartphone camera. Extension and flexion angles were calculated using the DIPT. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of all methods was assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A paired Student'sttest and Wilcoxon-signed rank test were used to assess systematic bias. A Bland–Altman plot was used to show possible range of difference between the methods.

Results

We measured 56 elbows from 28 participants. Intra- and inter-rater ICCs of goniometer and inclinometer showed moderate-to-excellent agreement. Mean extension and flexion angles for the DIPT were greater than those for the goniometer and inclinometer measurements (P< 0.05), but the total ROMs were not significantly different (vs goniometerP= 0.32, vs inclinometerP= 0.53). Limits of agreement were 9.93°–10.05° for extension angle, 9.81°–11.7° for flexion angle, and 13.84°–15.99° for total ROMs.

Conclusions

Elbow ROM measurement using the current DIPT produces results comparable with goniometer and inclinometer measurements, but the difference from the standard methods was up to 15.99° for total ROM.
Buyer Inspired Meta-Heuristic Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Debnath Sanjoy , Arif Wasim , Baishya Srimanta
Published: July 2020

Nature inspired swarm based meta-heuristic optimization technique is getting considerable attention and established to be very competitive with evolution based and physical based algorithms. This paper proposes a novel Buyer Inspired Meta-heuristic optimization Algorithm (BIMA) inspired form the social behaviour of human being in searching and bargaining for products. In BIMA, exploration and exploitation are achieved through shop to shop hoping and bargaining for products to be purchased based on cost, quality of the product, choice and distance to the shop. Comprehensive simulations are performed on 23 standard mathematical and CEC2017 benchmark functions and 3 engineering problems. An exhaustive comparative analysis with other algorithms is done by performing 30 independent runs and comparing the mean, standard deviation as well as by performing statistical test. The results showed significant improvement in terms of optimum value, convergence speed, and is also statistically more significant in comparison to most of the reported popular algorithms.
Integrodifference master equation describing actively growing blood vessels in angiogenesis
Authors: Bonilla Luis L. , Carretero Manuel , Terragni Filippo
Published: July 2020

We study a system of particles in a two-dimensional geometry that move according to a reinforced random walk with transition probabilities dependent on the solutions of reaction-diffusion equations (RDEs) for the underlying fields. A birth process and a history-dependent killing process are also considered. This system models tumor-induced angiogenesis, the process of formation of blood vessels induced by a growth factor (GF) released by a tumor. Particles represent vessel tip cells, whose trajectories constitute the growing vessel network. New vessels appear and may fuse with existing ones during their evolution. Thus, the system is described by tracking the density of active tips, calculated as an ensemble average over many realizations of the stochastic process. Such density satisfies a novel discrete master equation with source and sink terms. The sink term is proportional to a space-dependent and suitably fitted killing coefficient. Results are illustrated studying two influential angiogenesis models.
Haematoprotective and red blood cell membrane stabilizing effects of Justicia carnae leaf extracts in sodium nitrate-treated rats
Authors: Mbanaso Eberechukwu , Nwankwo Azubuike , Ijioma Solomon Nnah , Emmanuel Okezie , Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike , Nwagbara Ngozi , Ugwuanyi Kingsley
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Traditionally, Justicia carnae is used in treatment of anaemia. In this study, the haematoprotective effects of ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of J. carnae were evaluated in sodium nitrate-treated male rats.

Methods

Acute toxicity values, phytochemical, vitamin B12, vitamin C and iron contents of the extracts were analytically determined. Seventy (70) adult rats divided into seven groups of 10 rats each were assigned specific treatments. Group I served as the normal control, while group II was treated with the induction agent (sodium nitrate (NaNO3), 300 mg/kg body weight) only. Group III was pretreated with fesolate before NaNO3 induction, while groups IV to VII received leaf extracts in addition to induction. The daily oral treatments lasted for 28 days and at the end, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for haematological studies.

Results

Results obtained revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenes, saponins, alkaloids, vitamins C, B12 and iron in both extracts. The LD50 value for each extract was >5,000 mg/kg body weight. There were increased significant co-administration effects (p < 0.05) in red blood cell, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, white blood cells and platelet counts in the extract and fesolate treated groups compared to negative control. Bleeding time values were not significantly altered in all test groups (p > 0.05), but the increased clotting time values were lowered to about normal values following treatment with the extracts.

Conclusions

The results showed that J. carnae extract has haematoprotective potential and may be a good candidate for haematopoiesis.
Hypercalcemia from hypervitaminosis A in a child with autism
Authors: O’Neal Shannon , Foster Timothy P. , Bhatt Avni , Lossius Michele N. , Dayton Kristin
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Vitamin A is essential for normal cellular physiology and is often taken as a dietary supplement. Hypervitaminosis A can lead to hypercalcemia by increasing osteoclasts and subsequent bone resporption. Dietary supplements including vitamin A are new popular treatment stategies for autism.

Case presentation

We report a five-year old boy with autism spectrum disorder presenting with severe abdominal pain and bilateral lower extremity pain, who was found to have persistent hypercalcemia due to hypervitaminosis A. The patient ingested over 700 times the recommended intake of Vitamin A per day for age. Retention of vitamin A in the liver and adipose tissue causes toxic levels of retinoids and hypercalcemia.

Conclusions

Acute treatment included intravenous rehydration, furosemide, and calcitonin. Pamidronate was the definitive treatment for hypercalcemia from hypervitaminosis A due to its osteoclast inhibition and long biologic half-life. Parents should be counseled on risks of toxicity and absence of evidence showing benefits of vitamin A therapy for autism.
What We Ought to Do: The Decisions and Duties of Non-agential Groups
Authors: Blomberg Olle
Published: July 2020

In ordinary discourse, a single duty is often attributed to a plurality of agents. InGroup Duties: Their Existence and Their Implications for Individuals, Stephanie Collins claims that such attributions involve a “category error”. I critically discuss Collins’ argument for this claim and argue that there is a substantive sense in which non-agential groups can have moral duties. A plurality of agents can have a single duty to bring about an outcome by virtue of a capacity of each to practically reason about what they ought to do together. I also argue that Collins’ attempt to give a reductive account of such “we-reasoning” fails.
Electrochemical hydrogen production from humid air using cation-modified graphene oxide membranes
Authors: Hamidah Nur Laila , Shintani Masataka , Ahmad Fauzi Aynul Sakinah , Kitamura Shota , Mission Elaine G. , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Sasaki Mitsuru , Quitain Armando T. , Kida Tetsuya
Published: July 2020

Water electrolysis is an environment-friendly process of producing hydrogen with zero-carbon emission. Herein, we studied the water vapor electrolysis using a proton-conducting membrane composed of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets intercalated with cations (Al3+ and Ce3+). We examined the effect of cation introduction on the physical and chemical structures, morphology, thermal and chemical stabilities, and the proton conductivity of stacked GO nanosheet membranes by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Concentration cell measurements revealed that the cation-modified membranes are pure proton conductors at room temperature. The proton conductivity of a GO membrane was much improved by cation modification. The cation-modified GO membranes, sandwiched with Pt/C electrodes as the cathode and anode, electrolyzed humidified air to produce hydrogen at room temperature, indicating the feasibility of this carbon-based electrochemical device.
Optimisation of the preparation of chemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil by the use of peristaltic pumps
Authors: Villain Alexandre , Sakji Ilyes , Bogart Emilie , Strobbe Geoffrey , Marliot Guillaume , Feutry Frédéric
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Preparation of 5-FU elastomeric pumps is a time-consuming activity inducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Our unit has developed an automated filling system consisting of two peristaltic pumps (one for the diluent, one for the cytotoxic drug). The objective was to validate the accuracy of the assembly and evaluate the impact of automation on the compounding time, occurrence of MSDs and cost of preparation.

Methods

Accuracy was determined by calculating the total error on the volumes injected by the pumps. Measurements were made for 2 brands (AMF, Baxter), 3 different volumes; repeated 3 times at 3 times of the day. The time-saving study compared 24 measurements in manual filling and 24 in automated mode. Impact of automation on the occurrence of MSDs was evaluated by a self-assessment questionnaire. Finally, a comparison between the price of a manually prepared elastomeric pump and an automated prepared elastomeric pump was performed.

Results

Volumes administered by the pumps were accurate (total error < 2.5%). Preparation time was divided by 2. Occurrence of MSD decreased (8.7 manual filling vs. 23.5/28 automated filling). Overcost was moderate (14.7% for AMF; 10.3% for Baxter).

Conclusions

Using peristaltic pumps, 5FU preparation was optimized for moderate additional cost.
Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, IIC. Darstellung von N-(ω-Ammonioalkyl)-N,N′,N′,N″,N″-peralkylierten Guanidiniumsalzen und N-(ω-Aminoalkyl)-N′,N′,N″,N″-tetramethylguanidinen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Tiritiris Ioannis , Vettel Markus , Frey Wolfgang
Published: July 2020

N,N,N′,N′-Tetraalkylchlorformamidiniumchlorides 1a, b react with ω-dimethylaminoalkylamines 19, 20 to give mixtures of N-(ω-dimethylammonioalkyl)-guanidinium salts 12, 13 and N-(ω-dimethylaminoalkyl)-guanidinium salts 21, 22. These mixtures are transformed to mixtures of the ureas 15, 17 and N-(ω-dimethylaminoalkyl)-guanidines 23, 25 on treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The reaction of N-(3-dimethylammoniopropyl)-guanidin 25a with dimethylsulfate in a molar ratio of 1:1 delivers a mixture of the N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N,N,N′,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyl-guanidinium salt 29a and the N-(3-dimethylammoniopropyl)-N,N′,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyl-guanidinium-bis (methylsulfate) 33a. The action of dimethylsulfate on the guanidines 23a, 25a in a molar ratio of 2:1 affords the bisquarternary salts 32a, 33a. Alkylating reagents as methyliodide, benzylbromide, allylbromide and chloroacetonitrile attack N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-N′,N′,N″,N″-tetraethylguanidine (23b) in a molar ratio of 1:1 cleanly at the dimethylaminoethylgroup to give the ammonium salts 30a–d. As a strong base the guanidine 23b dehydrochlorinates β-Chlorpropionitrile and chloroacetone under formation of the guanidinium salt 21c. In contrast to this the reaction of ethyl bromoacetate with the N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)guanidine 23b occurs at the guanidinogroup giving the guanidinium salt 28c. The methylation of the guanidinium chlorides 21a, 22a with dimethyl sulfate affords the bis-quaternary salts 35b, 36b with mixed anions. From the heterocyclic guanidines 14, 16 and the alkylating reagents benzylbromide and ethyl bromoacetate the heterocyclic guanidinium salts 37a, b, 39a, b can be obtained. The reactions with ethyl chloroformiate proceed in an analogous way giving the guanidinium salts 37c, 39c. The N-alkyl-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-(3-ureidopropyl)guanidinium salts 41a, b can be prepared from the N′,N′,N″,N″-tetramethyl-N′′-(3-ureidopropyl) guanidine 17a and the alkylating compounds dimethyl sulfate and benzyl bromide. Several compounds obtained that way were transformed to the corresponding tetraphenyloborates and bis(tetraphenylborates), respectively.
Digitale Atomisierung oder neue Arbeitskämpfe? Widerständige Solidaritätskulturen in der plattformvermittelten Kurierarbeit
Authors: Heiland Heiner , Schaupp Simon
Published: July 2020

Die plattformvermittelte Kurierarbeit ist ein Vorläufer und Testfeld für neue Formen der digitalen Arbeitskoordination
und -kontrolle und damit auch für neue Formen des Arbeitskampfes. Wie der Beitrag zeigt, dienen die organisationalen und technischen Infrastrukturen dieser Plattformen sowohl zu Kontrollzwecken als auch als Mittel der widerständigen Organisierung der Kurier_innen. These des Artikels ist, dass Digitalisierung nicht allein zur Kontrolle und Atomisierung der Arbeitenden Anwendung findet, sondern von letzteren sowohl zur Schaffung von Solidaritätskulturen als auch zum aktiven Widerstand genutzt wird. Diese Argumentation gründet auf zwei mehrmonatigen ethnographischen Studien, 46 qualitativen Interviews mit verschiedenen Akteur_innen der digitalisierten Delivery-Branche und einer quantitativen Online-Befragung der Kurier_innen.
Path Tracking Controller Design of Automatic Guided Vehicle Based on Four-Wheeled Omnidirectional Motion Model
Authors: Wu X. , Yang Y.
Published: July 2020

This paper presents a new design of omnidirectional automatic guided vehicle based on a hub motor, and proposes a joint controller for path tracking. The proposed controller includes two parts: a fuzzy controller and a multi-step predictive optimal controller. Firstly, based on various steering conditions, the kinematics model of the whole vehicle and the pose (position, angle) model in the global coordinate system are introduced. Secondly, based on the modeling, the joint controller is designed. Lateral deviation and course deviation are used as the input variables of the control system, and the threshold value is switched according to the value of the input variable to realise the correction of the large range of posture deviation. Finally, the joint controller is implemented by using the industrial PC and the self-developed control system based on the Freescale minimum system. Path tracking experiments were made under the straight and circular paths to test the ability of the joint controller for reducing the pose deviation. The experimental results show that the designed guided vehicle has excellent ability to path tracking, which meets the design goals.
Farklı Yüzey İşlemlerinden Sonra Zirkonyum Seramiğinde Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TUĞUT Faik , GÜNEY Ümit
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sinterize öncesi ve sinterize sonrası zirkonyum oksit esaslı seramikler üzerine uygulanan farklı yüzey işlemlerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğüne olan etkisini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada toplam 150 adet disk şeklinde örnekler CAD_CAM cihazında hazırlandı. Önekler 7 gruba bölündü ( n:10): Kontrol grubu, kumlama, Er-YAG lazer, Nd-YAG lazer, Er-YAG lazer + Kumlama, Nd-YAG lazer + kumlama, ince ve kalın grenli frez. Örneklerin yarısına sinterizasyon öncesi yüzey işlemleri uygulanıp sinterlendi. Diğer yarısına ise sinterizasyon sonrası yüzey işlemi uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna herhangi bir yüzey işlemi uygulanmadı ve sadece sinterlendi. Örneklerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü profilometre cihazı ile ölçüldü ve yüzeylerinde olan değişiklikler taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmada elde edilen veriler Varyans analizi, Tukey testi ve eşler arası önemlilik testi ile analiz edildi (p=0,05). Sinterizasyon öncesi uygulanan yüzey işlemlerinden frez uygulanan gruplar hariç kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında yüzey pürüzlülüğünü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı arttırdığı görüldü (p<0,05). Sinterizasyon sonrası uygulan yüzey işlemlerinde ise ince grenli frez haricindeki tüm grupların yüzey pürülülüğünü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı arttırdığı görüldü (p<0,05). Sinterizasyon öncesi yüzey uygulamaları sinterizasyon sonrası uygulamalarına göre daha etkili bulundu.Sonuç: Çalışmada sinterizasyon öncesi uygulanan tüm yüzey işlemleri ve özellikle Er-YAG lazer+ kumlamanın pürüzlülük değerini oldukça arttırdı. Bu sebeple mikromekanik bağlantıyı da artırabileceği sonucu çıkarılabilir. Anahtar kelimeler: zirkonyum oksit, yüzey pürüzlülük, kumlama, lazer, frez
Biyoseramik Kanal Patı ile Kontamine Dentinde Farklı Kanal Patı Uzaklaştırma Protokollerinin Adezivin Bağlanma Dayanımı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: BEK KÜRKLÜ Zeliha , YOLDAŞ Oğuz , ÖZPOLAT Zeynep
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Adezivlerin
dentine daha iyi bağlanabilmesi için kanal patının diş duvarından tamamen
uzaklaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada farklı kanal patı uzaklaştırma
protokollerinin tek aşama bir adezivin biyoseramik bir kanal patıyla kontamine
dentine push-out bağlanma dayanımı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Alt
2. premolar dişlere 3mm çapında silindirik kök kanal giriş kaviteleri açıldı.
Bütün kanallar NiTi R25 Resiproc eğe (VDW, Almanya) ile şekillendirildi ve
EndoSequence BC kanal patı (Brasseler, Amerika) ve guta-perka ile dolduruldu. Kontrol
gruplarındaki kök kanallarının dolumu yapılmadı bu sebeple  koronal dentin yüzeyleri kanal patı ile
kontamine olmadı. Bu kavitelerin G-Premio universal bond (GC Corp., Japonya) ve
G-ænial kompozit(GC Corp., Japonya)  ile
restorasyonları yapıldı. Deney gruplarında dentin yüzeyleri EndoSequence BC ile
kontamine edildi ve kuru pamuk pelet, distile su ile doymuş pamuk pelet, 2 ml
distile su veya sulu ultrasonik enerji ile temizlendi. Kanal patının
uzaklaştırılmasından sonra, kavite yüzeyi adeziv ve kompozit rezin ile restore
edildi. Örnekler, push-out bağlanma dayanımının değerlendirmesi için 1.5 mm'lik
bir kalınlıkta yatay olarak kesildi. Her örnekten 2 kesit alındı.Bulgular:En
yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değerleri kontrol grubunda elde edilmiştir, bunu
ultrasonik ile yıkama, su ile yıkama, ıslak pamuk ile silme ve kuru pamuk ile
silme takip etmektedir. Kontrol grubu ile kuru pamuk ile silme grubu (p =
0.038) ve ultrasonik ile yıkama grubu ile kuru pamuklu ile silme grubu (p =
0.041) arasında anlamlı fark vardır.Sonuçlar:Biyoseramik
kanal patlarının bağlanma dayanımı, kullanılan su miktarı ile doğru oranda
artmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler:Adezyon, kompozit, kök kanal patı
Materyal Kalınlığının Rezin Matriks Seramik Blokların Renk Değişimi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Caner , ÇELİK Ersan
Published: July 2020

Amaç:
Estetik olarak başarılı bir restorasyonun doğal diş morfolojisine benzer olmasının
yanında, doğal diş dokusuna benzer renk karakterine sahip olması beklenir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı farklı yapılara sahip rezin matriks seramik materyallerinin
renk parametreleri ve renk değişimi üzerinde materyal kalınlığının etkisini
değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Bu çalışmada 3 farklı yapıya sahip üç farklı kalınlıkta ve 8 mm ± 0,2 mm
çapında toplam 90 adet A2 renginde dairesel rezin matriks seramik örnekler
kullanıldı. Örnekler farklı yapı ve kalınlıklarına göre her grupta 10 ar adet
örnek olacak şekilde 9 alt gruba ayrıldı. Örneklerin renk parametreleri (L*,a*
ve b*) spektrofotometre cihazı kullanılarak tespit edildi ve cihaz restorasyon
moduna getirilerek A2 rengine göre örneklerin renk değişimleri değerleri tespit
edildi. Ayrıca örneklerin hue ve chroma değerleri de elde edilen a* ve b*
değerleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler iki yönlü varyans
analizi (Two-way ANOVA) ve Tukey çoklu karşılaştırma testi ile p˂0,05
anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirildi.Bulgular:
İstatistiksel analiz sonuçlarına göre L* değeri için materyal faktörünün etkili
olmadığı, kalınlık faktörü ve kalınlıkXmateryal faktör etkileşiminin anlamlı
olduğu görüldü (p˂0,05).  a*, b*, hue,
chroma ve ΔE değerleri için materyal faktörü, kalınlık faktörü ve kalınlıkXmateryal
faktör etkileşiminin anlamlı olduğu görüldü (p˂0,05). Gruplar içerisinde sadece
Grup E 1.5 mm kalınlığındaki örneklerden elde edilen ortalama ΔE değerinin
klinik olarak kabul edilebilir sınırların altında olduğu tespit edildi.

Sonuç:
Materyal tipi ve kalınlığı rezin matriks seramiklerin renk karakteri üzerinde
anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Grupların renk parametre değişimleri için kritik
kalınlık değeri 1mm dir.
Renklendirilmiş kompozit rezinin renk değişimine ve yüzey pürüzlülüğüne beyazlatıcı ağız gargarasının etkisi
Authors: MUTLU Şeref Nur , TUNCDEMIR Makbule Tuğba
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Bu in-vitro çalışmanın amacı, kahvede bekletilerek renklendirilen üniversal bir kompozit rezinin renk değişimine ve yüzey pürüzlülüğüne beyazlatıcı ağız gargarasının etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma kapsamında, 8 mm çapında 2 mm kalınlığında teflon kalıplar yardımıyla üniversal bir kompozit rezinden (Quadrant Universal LC, Cavex) toplamda 20 adet örnek hazırlandı. Örnekler, 24 saat distile su içerisinde bekletildikten sonra başlangıç renk ölçümleri bir spektrofotometre yardımı ile yapıldı. Kahvede 7 gün boyunca renklendirilen örnekler, kontrol grubu ve beyazlatıcı ağız gargarası (Listerine Advance White) uygulanmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı (n=10). Başlangıç yüzey pürüzlülük (Ra) ölçümleri bir profilometre yardımı ile yapıldı. 24 saat ve 72 saat beyazlatıcı ağız gargarasında bekletildikten sonra renk ve pürüzlülük ölçümleri tekrarlandı. Renk değişiklikleri CIEDE2000 formulasyonu ile hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve t testi ile istatistiksel analize tabii tutuldu (α=.05).
Bulgular: Kahvenin kompozit örneklerinde klinik olarak fark edilebilir derecede renk değişimine neden olduğu gözlendi (ΔE00=3.10). Beyazlatıcı ağız gargarasının ΔE00 değerlerinde istatistiksel bir farklılık oluşturduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Bekletme süresi, renk değişiminde istatistiksel bir faklılığa sebep olurken (p<0.05), pürüzlülük değerlerinde belirgin bir artışa neden olmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Kahve gibi renklendirici içecekler kompozit rezinlerde renk değişimine neden olabilmektedir. Beyazlatıcı ağız gargarası, kompozit rezin yüzeyinde belirgin bir pürüzlülük artışına neden olmadan kahve renklenmelerinin giderilmesinde etkilidir.
«Datificación» y Educación Superior: Hacia la construcción de un marco para la alfabetización en datos del profesorado universitario
Authors: Raffaghelli Juliana E.
Published: July 2020

La «datificación» de procesos y servicios es un fenómeno emergente, que está creando una nueva forma de divisoria digital (Kitchin, 2014). La abundancia de datos generados y disponibles a partir del uso aplicativos web y móviles requiere competencias específicas para su explotación; además, han surgido nuevas preocupaciones, como la vigilancia y la incapacidad de comprender el poder y el control detrás del seguimiento de datos y las características de los algoritmos aplicados para el uso de dichos datos (Kennedy, Poell y van Dijck, 2015). La alfabetización en datos (Data Literacy) en general y de los educadores en particular serían un medio para lograr la apropiación activa y crítica de la riqueza provista por los datos, frenando inclusive las aristas más negativas del fenómeno (Dunlap y Piro, 2016; Markham, 2018 y Raffaghelli, 2017a y 2018a). Este artículo tiene como objetivo introducir un marco conceptual que apoye la alfabetización en datos del profesorado universitario, para capacitarlos en relación al fenómeno de la sociedad «datificada». El estudio se basa en una revisión de la literatura y es parte de una etapa inicial de un proyecto de investigación más amplio. Los marcos de alfabetización en datos, incluido el marco europeo DigCompEdu (Redecker y Punie, 2017) que ha sido adoptado para orientar la formación a la competencia digital de los educadores e incluye la alfabetización en datos, se analizan y discuten, con el objetivo de crear una síntesis de los componentes básicos y sus implicaciones para la investigación y la práctica.
The Genomic Landscape of Divergence Across the Speciation Continuum in Island-Colonising Silvereyes (Zosterops lateralis)
Authors: Sendell-Price Ashley T , Ruegg Kristen C , Anderson Eric C , Quilodrán Claudio S , Van Doren Benjamin M , Underwood Vinh L , Coulson Tim , Clegg Sonya M
Published: July 2020

Inferring the evolutionary dynamics at play during the process of speciation by analyzing the genomic landscape of divergence is a major pursuit in population genomics. However, empirical assessments of genomic landscapes under varying evolutionary scenarios that are known a priori are few, thereby limiting our ability to achieve this goal. Here we combine RAD-sequencing and individual-based simulations to evaluate the genomic landscape of divergence in the silvereye (Zosterops lateralis). Using pairwise comparisons that differ in divergence timeframe and the presence or absence of gene flow, we document how genomic patterns accumulate along the speciation continuum. In contrast to previous predictions, our results provide limited support for the idea that divergence accumulates around loci under divergent selection or that genomic islands widen with time. While a small number of genomic islands were found in populations diverging with and without gene flow, in few cases were SNPs putatively under selection tightly associated with genomic islands. The transition from localized to genome-wide levels of divergence was captured using individual-based simulations that considered only neutral processes. Our results challenge the ubiquity of existing verbal models that explain the accumulation of genomic differences across the speciation continuum and instead support the idea that divergence both within and outside of genomic islands is important during the speciation process.
A Participatory Study of the Health and Social Impact of a Community Food Centre in Ottawa, Canada
Authors: Enns Aganeta , Ellis Myddryn , O’Sullivan Tracey , Milley Peter , Kristjansson Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

Food insecurity is a pervasive and persistent issue across Canada, where a growing number of people are accessing food banks. Conventional food banks may offer relief for immediate needs but typically have limited capacity to address longer-term food insecurity. This paper focuses on the Parkdale Food Centre in Ottawa, ON, which provides food assistance alongside a range of programs and initiatives designed to address food insecurity and related needs in its community. This qualitative study aims to examine how participation in the programs at the Parkdale Food Centre influences the physical, mental, and social health of people who access the food centre. Semi-structured interviews and a participatory photovoice project were conducted with people who access the food centre. The results indicate that people who access the food centre perceived a positive influence of the programs on their food, health, and social needs, particularly with respect to improved access to fresh foods, connections to social and health resources, and reduced stigma. Incorporating additional food, health, and social programming into an existing food assistance program may help ameliorate elements of food insecurity and associated negative outcomes within communities impacted by this issue.
What Makes a CSA a CSA?
Authors: Si Zhenzhong , Schumilas Theresa , Chen Weiping , Fuller Tony , Scott Steffanie
Published: July 2020

In different parts of the world, community supported agriculture (CSA) has taken a variety of organizational forms, drawn on different ideologies, used a variety of land tenure arrangements, and taken on varied types of market relations in terms of how they arrange sales and memberships. Despite this, comparative studies of CSAs are sparse. Based on interviews and survey results, this paper develops a framework to compare CSAs in Canada—where this system has evolved for the last 30 years as an alternative to industrialized agriculture—with those in China, where CSAs have emerged since the late 2000s, mainly in response to food safety and health concerns. The comparison is based on their initiators’ motivations, economic characteristics, ecological practices, shareholder relations, and community building. We find that in both Canada and China CSAs are struggling to maintain the movement’s original values and be economically viable. They are moving away from the traditional ‘risk sharing’ approach underpinning the model and adopting more flexible payment mechanisms. However, other original tenets of the CSA model, such as member engagement, are strengthening. This poses a definitional challenge—what makes a CSA a CSA? We conclude that CSAs mix capitalist and other-than-capitalist economic logic, blend traditional, organic, and productivist ecological relations, and demonstrate both individualist and civic collectivist politics simultaneously. These characterizations are what make a CSA a CSA in contemporary Canada and China.
EFICACIA OFENSIVA EN EL BALONMANO FEMENINO DE ÉLITE EN SITUACIONES DE SUPERIORIDAD NUMÉRICA
Authors: Amatria M. , Lapresa D. , Martín Santos C. , Pérez Túrpin J.A.
Published: July 2020

El balonmano, a pesar de ser uno de los deportes más practicados en Europa, no despierta gran interés por parte de la comunidad científica en su modalidad femenina. Dada la relevancia que tienen en los partidos las situaciones de superioridad numérica, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las secuencias ofensivas, eficaces e ineficaces, que se producen en el balonmano femenino de élite en situaciones de superioridad numérica ofensiva, durante el Campeonato Mundial celebrado en Suecia en 2016. Para ello se ha hecho uso de la metodología observacional y del análisis secuencial de retardos. Los resultados obtenidos revelan como patrón de juego ofensivo exitoso, es decir, que la secuencia ofensiva concluye en gol, un patrón de juego que utiliza un sistema táctico no estructurado, con independencia de su forma de inicio, que emplea como principal medio ofensivo el contraataque de primera oleada, para finalizar las acciones con situaciones de 1vs0.
THEORY OF CHANGE AND LOGICAL FRAMEWORK: A COMPARATIVE MEASURE FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATION PRACTICES
Authors: Hamdy M Kholis
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This article is a brief study of the advantages and disadvantages of Theory of Change (ToC) and the Logical Framework (Log Frame) based on literature; a comparative approach. The later has a long historical stand in the development practices while the former was formed as supposed to answer the shortcomings of the Log Frame. By comparing both strengths and weaknesses, the finding argues that ToC is strongly considered to have a more certain degree of advantages rather than the M&E in view of development agencies especially NGOs in the practice of monitoring and evaluation of development practices. M&E, in particular, gave birth to ToC in pursue of answering the Log Frame’s current shortcoming. ToC has gained positive stand in the realm of international development by addressing at least three main features: participation, flexibility and the dynamic of development deliverance and accountability.  Abstrak. Artikel ini adalah studi singkat tentang kelebihan dan kekurangan dari Theory of Change (ToC) dan Logical Framework (Log Frame) berdasarkan literatur; pendekatan komparatif. Yang kedua memiliki pendirian historis yang panjang dalam praktik pembangunan, sementara yang pertama dibentuk untuk menjawab kekurangan Log Frame. Dengan membandingkan kekuatan dan kelemahan, temuan ini berpendapat bahwa ToC secara kuat dianggap memiliki tingkat keuntungan yang lebih pasti daripada M&E dalam pandangan lembaga pembangunan terutama LSM dalam praktik pemantauan dan evaluasi praktik pembangunan. Monitoring & Evaluation secara khusus melahirkan ToC dalam rangka menjawab kekurangan Log Frame saat ini. ToC telah mendapatkan posisi positif di bidang pembangunan internasional dengan mengatasi setidaknya tiga fitur utama: partisipasi, fleksibilitas dan dinamika pembebasan dan akuntabilitas pembangunan.
Transmitted Home Oximetry and Duration of Home Oxygen in Premature Infants
Authors: Rhein Lawrence , White Heather , Simoneau Tregony , Traeger Nadav , Lahiri Thomas , Kremer Ted , Sheils Catherine , Meyer Kathleen , Rosenkrantz Ted , Krishnan Sankaran , Hartman Tyler , Feldman Henry A. , Abu Jawdeh Elie G.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To determine if a home oxygen therapy (HOT) management strategy that includes analysis of recorded home oximetry (RHO) data, compared with standard monthly clinic visit assessments, reduces duration of HOT without harm in premature infants.

METHODS:

The RHO trial was an unmasked randomized clinical trial conducted in 9 US medical centers from November 2013 to December 2017, with follow-up to February 2019. Preterm infants with birth gestation ≤37 + 0/7 weeks, discharged on HOT, and attending their first pulmonary visit were enrolled. The intervention was an analysis of transmitted RHO between clinic visits (n = 97); the standard-care group received monthly clinic visits with in-clinic weaning attempts (n = 99). The primary outcomes were the duration of HOT and parent-reported quality of life. There were 2 prespecified secondary safety outcomes: change in weight and adverse events within 6 months of HOT discontinuation.

RESULTS:

Among 196 randomly assigned infants (mean birth gestational age: 26.9 weeks; SD: 2.6 weeks; 37.8% female), 166 (84.7%) completed the trial. In the RHO group, the mean time to discontinue HOT was 78.1 days (SE: 6.4), compared with 100.1 days (SE: 8.0) in the standard-care group (P = .03). The quality-of-life scores improved from baseline to 3 months after discontinuation of HOT in both groups (P = .002), but the degree of improvement did not differ significantly between groups (P = .75).

CONCLUSIONS:

RHO was effective in reducing the duration of HOT in premature infants. Parent quality of life improved after discontinuation. RHO allows physicians to determine which infants can be weaned and which need prolonged oxygen therapy between monthly visits.
Chimney Stenting During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Rosseel Liesbeth , Rosseel Michael , Hynes Brian , Armario Bel Xavier , Crilly Emily , Mylotte Darren
Published: July 2020

Acute coronary artery obstruction is a rare but life-threatening complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation. In patients at risk of coronary artery obstruction, pre-emptive coronary artery protection with a coronary wire, balloon or stent provides a bailout treatment option. The authors describe the steps involved in performing chimney stenting and summarise the short- and long-term outcome data associated with this technique.
Design as critical engagement in and for education
Authors: Richter Christoph , Allert Heidrun
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to outline an approach of critical engagement in educational research that moves beyond traditional formats of academic critique. The aim of our contribution is to explore the critical dimension of reflexive design for education and contrast it with recently advocated notions of design-based research. Rather than providing a full-fledged methodology, our intent is to motivate more critical design efforts in education and provide examples on how this could be done. Towards this end we outline a framework of critical research questions for design-based research and provide examples of how critical design could be practiced in education.
Extending the applicability of design-based research through research-practice partnerships
Authors: Kidron Adi , Kali Yael
Published: July 2020

This research explored the implementation of a technology-enhanced instructional model for interdisciplinary learning. The model was developed in a previous phase of this research via DBR in the context of higher-education. Our aim in the current phase was to extend the applicability of the model and refine its underlying design principles based on their implementation in three secondary schools. For this purpose, a research-practice partnership was established, which included researchers, practitioners from an educational non-governmental organization, school principals, and teachers. Three practitioner-teams, facilitated by one of the researchers, collaboratively designed their own technology-enhanced interdisciplinary learning environments, in which they adapted the instructional model. This paper presents a new type of principled practical knowledge (PPK) —enhanced principled instructional model— which was obtained by comparison between the practitioners' designs and the original, higher-education context design. The PPK broadened the partnership's understanding of ways to promote interdisciplinary learning. Furthermore, it has raised new perspectives that were not considered during the development of the model, thereby allowing deeper understanding of the notion of interdisciplinary learning. Thus, this study illustrates how the establishment of productive research-practice partnerships can serve as a powerful strategy for implementing and scaling educational innovations beyond the original DBR context.
Student perceptions of self-efficacy in the foreign language classroom: A design-based research study
Authors: Moreno Rhia , Kilpatrick Jeffrey
Published: July 2020

The foreign language (FL) classroom can be an anxious environment where students feel uncomfortable having to communicate in a language in which they feel inadequate and have little practice. Low self-efficacy in skill-specific tasks is oftentimes the culprit. While there are a number of factors involved in successful language learning, this study examines how practice affects students’ sense of self-efficacy in the foreign language classroom. Using self-efficacy theory and design-based research, this qualitative study ‘flipped’ the classroom to focus on student input and output practice in class with grammar instruction video-recorded for homework. Data were recursively collected and analyzed from ten courses over three semesters. Classroom observations and reflection were triangulated with interviews and focus groups. Findings suggest that practice and self-efficacy in the FL classroom are indeed linked and that other factors such as peer familiarity and grading also play a role. The paper concludes with implications for language learning and teaching.
To adopt or reject? Testing the robustness of a principle-based scenario for guiding effective student questioning
Authors: Stokhof Harry , De Vries Bregje , Bastiaens Theo , Martens Rob
Published: July 2020

Guiding student questioning to become effective for attaining curriculum objectives is a challenge for many teachers. In two previous studies a principle-based scenario was developed in two primary schools to enhance teacher guidance of effective student questioning. This study aims to determine to what extent the scenario for teacher guidance is robust and transferrable to other teachers in different primary school settings. To test its robustness, 15 trainers introduced the scenario in 23 primary schools to 103 teachers. After teachers completed a six-week trial, they indicated in a questionnaire if they were inclined to adopt, adapt, or reject the scenario for future use. Results show that approximately 80% of all teachers would like to adopt the scenario. About 55% of the teachers see opportunities to adapt the scenario to their needs. However, about 20% of the teachers feel not yet able to judge if and how to adapt, having completed only one trial. The conclusion is that most teachers, despite differences in age, gender, grade, experience and school contexts, are willing and able to guide effective student questioning with the help of the scenario. From a theoretical point of view, this study provides further insight in how successful implementation can supported by a principle-based design.