bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research progress of curcumin and its nanodelivery system in anti-tumor field
Authors: Li Songyang
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The focus of attention these days is on cancer prevention and treatment, as it is the second leading cause of death worldwide and its incidence continues to rise year. Due to its interactions with different cells and molecules, curcumin, a polyphenol natural substance derived from the turmeric plant, has numerous important applications in malignant disorders. Curcumin has demonstrated a high usage value and important benefits in the treatment of tumors; however, it has certain drawbacks, including low solubility, poor targeting, fast metabolism, and poor stability. The goal of this article is to enhance curcumins bioavailability and enhance the therapeutic impact of various tumor illnesses by means of a cooperative nano-drug delivery system involving chemotherapeutic medicines and curcumin.
Research progress on the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and sarcopenia
Authors: Cai Xilin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. With the advancement of population aging, it is increasingly vital to focus on the health conditions of the elderly. Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by gradual and systemic loss of skeletal muscle that may result in various outcomes, such as vulnerability, injuries and metabolic disorders, its impact on the lives of the elderly cant be ignored. Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most prevalent phenotype of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a major clinical gastrointestinal illness. Therefore, this article provides an overview of the definition, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of GERD and sarcopenia, with the intention of offering fresh viewpoints to improve the elderlys quality of life.
The impact of population aging on China's health care system and countermeasures
Authors: Yang Ziyi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Today, the aging population has already become a common problem faced by many countries, and China is not an exception which has entered the aging society. This problem would bring various impacts on Chinas social development. This review would focus on the impact on health care system. One is the excess demand for the health care services since the demand of elderly is special, which is different from ordinary patients. Second, with the growth of the number of elderly, the supply of pension insurance funds is reduced but the expenditure is increasing. These has brought great pressure on the health care system of China. After analyzed the impact, the author compared the response of other countries faced with similar problems and provided some suggestions to mitigate the effect of aging.
Study on antibody-conjugated drugs and targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Chen Xinwen , Qi Zixin , Wang Jinhui , Zhang Lingqian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Statistics show that, second only to lung cancer, breast cancer is now the most common type of cancer worldwide. Compared to other forms of breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a worse prognosis, extensive metastases, and poor efficacy, making treatment more difficult. antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), have become a hot topic in targeted tumor therapy research. Gosa tuzumab is the first drug approved for advanced TNBC treatment globally. However, challenges remain in the clinical use of ADCs, such as limited delivery of ADCs to target cells and suboptimal anti-tumor effects. This article analyzes targeted therapy methods and ADCs for TNBC, summarizes current market gosa tuzumab and ongoing clinical trials for ADCs drugs, providing a reference for further study on TNBC treatment with ADCs. Nevertheless, issues like drug resistance, adverse reactions and combination strategies with other chemotherapy inhibitors for TNBC treatment warrant further investigation in future clinical trials.
Analyzing single-cell transcriptome sequencing data reveals immunological mechanisms of microglia-associated diseases
Authors: Wang Yida
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the role of microglia in various neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology has provided new opportunities to unravel the roles and immunological mechanisms of microglia in a variety of neurological diseases. In this paper, the author explored the mechanisms of microglia in diseases of central nervous system, such as MS by analyzing single-cell transcriptome sequencing data with R. The authors investigated the regulation of microglia activation by signaling pathways, the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of brain dysfunction. Data analysis by single-cell transcriptome sequencing provides new perspectives and understanding of the pathophysiology of related diseases, and new ideas and strategies for their treatment and prevention.
Analysis of gastric cancer medication by exploring fluorouracil drugs
Authors: Zhang Bowen
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Gastric cancer (GC), as one of the most important types of cancer with a very high incidence rate in China, is in urgent need of treatment. China has made certain progress, such as the widespread use of fluorouracil and other drugs in the treatment of gastric cancer, as well as the use of various treatment methods such as surgery and chemotherapy. This article aims to explore the efficacy of fluorouracil drugs in the treatment of gastric cancer and their combined application with other drugs. By analyzing the correlation between peripheral blood platelet levels and the efficacy of oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients, as well as the effects of two chemotherapy regimens, docetaxel combined with oxaliplatin, tigio and docetaxel combined with cisplatin and fluorouracil, on advanced gastric cancer, it was found that fluorouracil drugs, as cell cycle inhibitors, have an inhibitory effect on cell division and have a significant effect in the treatment of gastric cancer. Future research can further deepen the combined application of fluorouracil drugs with other drugs to reduce complications and improve treatment effectiveness. It is suggested that future research should focus on in-depth exploration of targeted drug delivery, combined with new biotechnology, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of gastric cancer treatment.
EZH2: A breakthrough in cancer treatment
Authors: Wang Yuyang
Published: November 2024

Abstract. As one of the hot topics in cancer research, the role of EZH2 in cancer physiology has received extensive attention in recent years, and related research has become increasingly complex and in-depth. EZH2 not only regulates gene silencing through histone methylation, but also participates in tumorigenesis through other mechanisms, such as regulating cancer cell metabolism and inhibiting tumor suppressor genes. However, the EZH2 inhibitors developed in the early stage have problems such as nonspecificity, physiological toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, the current focus of drug research and development is to improve efficiency, reduce toxicity, and seek higher specificity. This article deeply explores the mechanism of EZH2 and neuroblastoma, breast cancer bone metastasis and prostate cancer, and introduces the three development focuses of EZH2 therapeutic drugs and the therapeutic mechanism of representative drugs. In summary, it is pointed out that although EZH2 has attracted much attention in cancer research, there are still few therapeutic drugs on the market, and more drugs are still in the clinical trial stage. Future drug research and development should focus on improving specificity, safety and efficacy, and combine multiple treatment methods to better utilize EZH2 as a breakthrough in cancer treatment.
Controlled Study of Tanito Microhook (TMH) ab interno trabeculotomy combined with phacoemulsification for POAG/ PACG
Authors: Han Shaojie , Huang Zhengru
Published: November 2024

Abstract. To evaluate the efficacy of Tanito Microhook (TMH) ab interno trabeculotomy combinated with phacoemulsification in treating primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). A retrospective comparative study was conducted to analyze 16 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who underwent phacoemulsification and TMH at the Second People's Hospital of Changshu from December 2021 to December 2022, along with 19 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) who underwent phacoemulsification, goniosynechialysis, and TMH. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 24 months. The average preoperative IOP in the POAG group was (26.504.52) mmHg, and the average IOP was (18.001.67) mmHg at 12 months postoperatively, which was significantly lower than the preoperative value (P<0.05). The average preoperative IOP in the PACG group was (34.1114.90) mmHg, and the average IOP was (18.670.87) mmHg at 12 months postoperatively, which was lower than the preoperative value (P<0.05). The average number of anti-glaucoma drugs used by the POAG group before surgery was (2.060.21) types, and the average number of types was (0.180.10) at 12 months postoperatively, which was significantly reduced compared with the preoperative value (P<0.05). The PACG group used an average of (1.890.15) kinds of anti-glaucoma drugs preoperatively, (0.680.17) kinds of drugs postoperatively, and the difference in the number of drugs used between preoperative and postoperative periods was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The complete success rate of the POAG group was 81.3% (13/16), and the conditional success rate was 18.7% (3/16). The complete success rate of the PACG group was 47.4% (9/19), and the conditional success rate was 52.6% (10/19). The intraoperative and postoperative complications in the POAG group mainly included one case of hyphema in the anterior chamber and one case of transient intraocular pressure elevation, while the intraoperative and postoperative complications in the PACG group included one case of shallow anterior chamber after surgery, four cases of hyphema in the anterior chamber, and three cases of transient intraocular pressure elevation. No serious complications occurred in either group. The combination of TMH with cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation demonstrates a safe and effective approach for treating POAG. Additionally, when combined with goniosynechialysis (GSL), it may be a safe and effective treatment for PACG. However, the long-term efficacy still requires further investigation through large-scale prospective controlled studies.
EEG and brain network analysis in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Dihao
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The early diagnosis of Alzheimers Disease (AD) is critical for effective intervention and improved patient outcomes. This paper explores the role of electroencephalography (EEG) and brain network analysis in the early detection of AD, with a particular focus on neurofeedback training as a therapeutic intervention. We review the characteristic changes in EEG signals, such as decreased alpha power and increased theta power, and their implications for identifying early cognitive decline. Functional connectivity analysis using coherence and phase synchronization methods reveals disruptions in key brain networks, providing valuable biomarkers for early AD. We also discuss quantitative EEG (qEEG) techniques, including power spectral density and fractal dimension, which enhance diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, mathematical models like the Kuramoto model offer insights into network dynamics and predict disease progression. Integrating EEG with other diagnostic tools, such as MRI and PET, creates a comprehensive multimodal approach. This integrative framework enhances early diagnosis and informs personalized treatment strategies, representing a significant advancement in the field of AD research and clinical practice.
Control methods for intelligent prosthetics based on human-machine interaction
Authors: Huang Yijia
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Intelligent prosthetics play a crucial role in restoring social functions for people with disabilities. This paper systematically reviews the decoding techniques for motor control information used in intelligent control of prosthetics and the encoding techniques for sensory feedback. The acquisition and decoding of motor information are discussed in terms of signal recording and decoding from the human body and the prosthetic. Sensory feedback in prosthetics is discussed from the perspectives of biomimetic and non-biomimetic feedback. Finally, the development of intelligent prosthetic control is explored, summarizing and forecasting future directions in this field.
Analysis of the invasion mechanism of novel coronavirus and the novel coronavirus vaccine
Authors: Yu Tian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. From the time the first case was identified to the time the novel coronavirus swept the world, developing a reliable, defensible vaccine has been a priority and the common aspiration of the people. Through literature analysis and review, this paper mainly explores the invasion mechanism of the novel coronavirus and the relevant principles of the novel coronavirus vaccine. Based on the above research, this paper finds that the research process and development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) vaccine is a course of continuous enrichment of varieties and continuous maturation of biochemical research components. Amid the innovation and progress, it is clear to all that vaccines can better cater to the needs of different populations. This paper collects a few typical vaccine examples to reflect a comprehensive. At the same time, the intrusion mechanism of virus is explained in detail. Basic questions about COVID-19 vaccines and how they work can be answered in this paper.
American health system problems and potential solutions
Authors: Ji Shuyue
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The United States healthcare system indicates a paradox. It becomes famous for advances while plagues for significant challenges. This paper will emphasize the situation of the American health system, focus on its complexity and find out the potential factors. The burden stands out as a prominent characteristic of the US healthcare system. Despite its wealth, the US spends a disproportionate amount of its GDP on healthcare, surpassing other nations significantly. This financial strain affects individuals, families, insurers, healthcare facilities, and government budgets. The system lacks universal coverage and operates as a mixed system, combining publicly financed programs like Medicare and Medicaid with privately financed market coverage. One of the main challenges is the absence of price controls, leading to inflated healthcare costs compared to other countries. The US relies on individual insurers to negotiate prices, increasing prescription medication and medical services expenses. This model incentivizes innovation but burdens American consumers with subsidizing healthcare costs globally. The complexity and much broader structural problems intertwine, involving dispersive payment systems, for-profit markets and ultimately expensive management costs. All these factors push the price of American health soring, even persistent increasing through decades. Thus, this paper will have potential solutions by price negotiation and regulation, improving price transparency and easing price-setting. In addition, this paper will also analyze the effects of stakeholders due to these solutions. Generally, solving the issues of the US healthcare system requires a nuanced understanding of its intricacies and a concerted effort to promote affordability, accessibility, and quality of care for all Americans.
Evaluation of the application value of mRNA vaccine of monkeypox virus
Authors: Gong Xinyan , Shin KyungSun , Xu Yige , Zhang Tongrui
Published: November 2024

Abstract. With the advancement of technology in the global business environment, modern medicine has achieved significant milestones in vaccine development, particularly in combating various viral infections. In recent years, the global spread of the monkeypox virus has become a critical issue that the medical community urgently needs to address. This article assesses the potential value of mRNA vaccines in the application against monkeypox virus and provides a comprehensive comparison with traditional vaccines. Compared to traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines exhibit high potential, safety, and efficacy; the paper thoroughly discusses the mechanism of action of mRNA vaccines, including their steps in the immune response, vaccine preparation, and the mechanism by which mRNA vaccines complete the immune response within infected individuals. Additionally, the article provides a detailed introduction to the synthesis steps and delivery systems of mRNA vaccines. Although the development of mRNA vaccines is still in the early stages and not yet commercially available, their application prospects in cell biology research and disease model construction are broad, and they are expected to become a powerful tool for future cell capture and analysis.
Cervical cancer as an example: Exploring the value of exosomes in cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Cai Yan , Ding Jingyi , Gao Siyuan , Wang Qinqin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Based on the characteristics that exosomes are generated by virtually all cellular phenotypes as well can carry non-coding RNA as an intercellular communication medium, as well as the important contribution of exosomes derived from tumors to the processes of tumorigenesis and tumor progression, this paper analyzed the part of exosomes in cancer therapy by taking cervical cancer as an example, and briefly analyzed their functions in the treatment of lung cancer and gastric cancer. At present, exosomes have gradually become an important research object for tumor regulation and treatment due to their rich contents and diverse functions. This paper studies the clinical character of exosomes in disease treatment from the three types of non-coding RNAs carried by exosomes and the immunomodulative effects of exosomes themselves. In view of the fact that the application of exosomes in cancer treatment has been partially popularized, there is still a lack of advantages and theoretical research on exosomes in the treatment of cancer. In this paper, the therapeutic effect of exosomes on cervical cancer is mainly studied and analyzed by using the characteristics of exosome mi RNA, which is highly specific and can inhibit tumor cells.
Prime editing and its application in the treatment of diseases
Authors: Yang Ruiyan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. With the rapid development of biotechnology, gene editing technologies have become an important research direction in the field of biomedicine, and their potential application in disease treatment has become increasingly prominent. As a new type of gene editing technology, prime editors have received widespread attention. In recent years, gene editing technologies have made remarkable progress. For example, CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely used, which provides new ideas and methods for the treatment of hereditary diseases, cancers, etc. The application scope of PE is even wider, which enables researchers to successfully achieve the intervention and treatment of many diseases by precisely editing the target genes. Although the application of PE in disease treatment shows great potential, there are still technical challenges in its editing efficiency as well as delivery efficiency, which need to be further studied and explored. The text in this article analyses the composition, principles, and optimization strategies of PE, followed by an in-depth discussion of its application in the treatment of Hereditary tyrosinaemia type (HT1) and 1-antitrypsin deficiency(A1ATD). By reviewing and analysing the use of PE in different diseases, this paper reveals the potential and challenges of PE and looks into its future. The study in this paper provides a reference for the use of PE in editing efficiency enhancement as well as in disease treatment. However, there are still many issues that need to be addressed, such as improving the accuracy and efficiency of PE and reducing off-target effects. Future research can focus on these directions to further promote the application and development of gene editing technologies in the medical field.
Long-term effects of adverse childhood experiences on health: A review of key social determinants and intervention strategies
Authors: Fang Zhixu
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The impact of adverse early childhood experiences (ACEs) on an individual's health has far-reaching and long-lasting implications, including a wide range of mental health, psychological well-being and social relationships. This paper uses a literature review approach to explore the long-term impact of adverse experiences on health, analyse the key social determinants involved, and discuss targeted interventions to better protect children's health.ACEs lead to health outcomes that are further exacerbated by social determinants such as socio-economic status, level of parental education, community support systems, and cultural and policy contexts. Effective interventions for adverse health effects require a multilevel and targeted approach, and the current study highlights the urgent need for multisectoral collaboration to evaluate and optimise intervention strategies. This review demonstrates the long-term impact of ACEs on health and highlights the importance of addressing ACEs by analysing social determinants through an evidence-based approach to promote the health and well-being of affected children.
A review of EEG noise reduction technology based on DCCRN-LSTM
Authors: Lu Weitao
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Electroencephalography (EEG) represents a pivotal technology in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) research, offering insights into brain activity through non-invasive methodologies. However, EEG signals are frequently contaminated by noise sources, necessitating the application of denoising techniques to improve signal quality. This paper reviews a denoising model combining Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Deep Complex Convolutional Recurrent Network (DCCRN) for effective EEG noise reduction. The combination of LSTM and DCCRN offers a powerful approach to mitigate diverse noise components in EEG data, as both networks are adept at addressing gradient vanishing and explosion issues, respectively, and handling complex-valued operations. The DCCRN-LSTM model has the potential to enhance the quality of EEG data, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of subsequent signal processing tasks. The application of DCCRN, which is predominantly used in speech denoising, introduces new methodologies to the realm of EEG signal processing, and it has the potential to be a significant contributor to the future field of EEG noise reduction.
The Research Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System-Mediated Gene Editing Combined with CAR-T Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Hu Wenxuan , Jiang Xinhui
Published: November 2024

Abstract. CAR-T cell therapy is a highly promising cancer treatment; however, its application and efficacy are limited by various factors. This paper explores the challenges faced by CAR-T cell therapy, such as antigen escape, treatment side effects, the immunosuppressive microenvironment of solid tumors, and low efficiency of cell migration and infiltration. To overcome these bottlenecks, CRISPR/Cas9 technology can be utilized to enhance CAR-T cells through gene editing, improving their anti-tumor effects. The paper details methods and applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in improving CAR-T therapy. Finally, the paper summarizes the current bottlenecks in the field and provides prospects for future development.
Machine learning diagnosis of schizophrenia using structural and functional images of the brain
Authors: Song Jingyu
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This study aims to provide earlier, and faster schizophrenia diagnosis based on neurocognitive, structural, and behavioral measures using machine learning. This is because current ways of diagnosis, while accurate, delay patients ability to seek medical care before observable, lasting symptoms develop and are prone to error and discrimination. To provide diagnosis, we used Linear Support Vector Machine (linear SVM), Random Forest (RF), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), all trained with neurocognitive and behavioral measures combined with either structural or functional MRI data or both of 99 subjects from the OpenNeuro public dataset. 100 iterations of classification were run, and results showed a higher-than-average accuracy for all classifiers using all combinations of parameters, with a highest accuracy of 0.75 using linear SVM trained with behavioral and neurocognitive measures and fMRI data. We found correlations between structural changes in AAL3 brain regions and n-back working memory task performance, noting that the inferior parietal gyrus, right precuneus, supplementary motor area, and the central lateral thalamic nucleus have the highest feature importance. This means that future studies can select these features for further clinical examination or for machine learning diagnosis. We conclude that linear SVM provides the highest average diagnostic accuracy, and that fMRI data often leads to more accurate algorithmic decisions than sMRI data and thus should be weighed more in future studies.
The anticoagulant ability of lumbrokinase and the advantages of different dosage forms
Authors: Xie Yuxin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. As a traditional Chinese medicine, earthworms were found to have an effective thrombolytic effect in which lumbrokinase, an active ingredient, is now usually purified for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. As a highly safe and easy-to-obtain drug, lumbrokinase is often administered in the form of enteric-coated tablets. However, there is still a lack of relevant research on the detailed molecular mechanism of lumbrokinases anticoagulant mechanism, the effectiveness and safety of long-term use, the interaction with other drugs, and the expansion and optimization of clinical applications. This paper analyzes the mechanism of action of lumbrokinase, the influencing factors of external conditions, the method of administration and the research of new drug delivery systems. It provides a reference for future research on the role and application prospects of lumbrokinase in anticoagulation. However, the specific molecular mechanism of action and clinical application issues have not been resolved. Future research can focus on the molecular mechanism of action and the efficiency and safety of clinical use of new drug systems.
Pioneering anti-inflammatory therapy: The path to precision therapy with C3aR peptide libraries
Authors: Hsu Megan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Inflammation, a pervasive process with profound implications for tissue, joint, and vascular health, underscores the critical importance of immune system regulation in maintaining bodily homeostasis. Central to this regulatory network is the complement system, a complex array of proteins that orchestrate immune responses to infections and cellular damage. Among these proteins, the complement component 3a receptor (C3aR) serves as a pivotal mediator, triggering inflammatory cascades upon binding to the anaphylatoxin C3a. Targeting C3aR has emerged as a promising strategy for anti-inflammatory therapy, driven by recent advances in structural biology elucidating the complex architecture of the C3a-C3aR interaction. This study focuses on the design of high-affinity peptides targeting the C3aR receptor, leveraging ligand design and docking techniques to optimize binding interactions. Utilizing computational tools with sophisticated algorithms, we modeled the binding affinity of mutated ligands with the C3aR receptor, providing insights into the potential efficacy of peptide-based therapeutics. Our findings reveal that mutations at residues G74 and A76 enhance the binding affinity of the ligand with the C3aR receptor, offering a promising avenue for the development of novel anti-inflammatory agents. By elucidating the molecular determinants underlying peptide-receptor interactions within the C3a system, this study advances our understanding of inflammation biology and lays the groundwork for the rational design of targeted therapeutics. These insights hold potential for the development of potent and selective C3aR agonists/antagonists, offering new avenues for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and enhancing patient outcomes.
Progress in the study of pathogenic factors of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Wang Yige
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating soil-borne plant fungal pathogen that can infect over 600 plant species, including important economic crops such as rapeseed, soybeans, and peanuts. Sclerotinia-induced plant diseases are distributed worldwide, and the economic losses caused by sclerotinia fruiting bodies are considerable every year. This article combines relevant research results to discuss the research on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from four aspects: the biological characteristics and harm of the fungus, the "two-stage" infection model, the roles of oxalic acid, hydrolytic enzymes, and other five pathogenic factors in the pathogenesis of Sclerotinia, and the prevention and control measures of sclerotinia fruiting body disease using traditional methods and HIGS technology.
Exploring the interactions between peritoneal dendritic cells and T cells: Implications for cancer metastasis
Authors: Miao Bolin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Ovarian Cancer (OC) is a formidable challenge as a gynecological malignancy with ascites, the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, serving as a clinical hallmark of advancement and metastasis. While OC immune analyses focus on solid tumors, little is known about malignant ascites inhabitants during peritoneal metastasis. Here, we focused on a single-cell landscape of the OC ecosystem in malignant ascites with comparison to tumor sites. Our data analysis reveals that compared to the immunosuppressed tumor, ascites contained less exhausted, more memory-like T cells, which correlated with prolonged survival in stages III/IV OC. Furthermore, we characterized the substantial interactions between dendritic cells and T cells. Lastly, an in vitro dendritic cell culture system from blood cells for potential novel cancer vaccine design was explored. Taken together, this study reveals T cell memory and effector potential amidst immunosuppressive pressures in ascites and provides valuable insight into the cross-talk between dendritic cells and T cells that potentially contributes to the unique T cell profile in the ascites ecosystem.
Analysis of the possibility and progress of FoxP3 in tumor treatment based on its effect on Tregs
Authors: Liu Xiaofan , Liu Yiran , Zhang Jieni
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Treg can inhibit immunity in cancer and a variety of autoimmune diseases. And foxp3 is a kind of spectrum specificity markers. Its also the main regulatory factor that can ensure the generation, maintenance and the immunosuppressive function of the Treg cells. At the same time, foxp3 can also promote the differentiation and function of Treg. In this paper, the interaction between foxp3 and various transcription factors (TFs) as well as their joint action are analyzed. These effects can have an impact on the suppressive effect of Treg cells, which in turn affects the status of the tumor. The post-translational modifications of foxp3 itself are also analyzed. foxp3 has been modified by methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation and lactatation. Its own activity has been affected, and its binding ability to target genes has been changed. From these analyses, a conclusion can be drawn that the effect of CAR-T therapy can be enhanced by targeting multiple TFs and signaling pathways. At the same time, targeted inhibitors can be explored for various enzymes involved in post-translational modification. And these inhibitors can reduce the ability of foxp3. However, the research on TFs and post-translational modifications still has some limitations. Future studies can focus on these two aspects.
The mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of influenza
Authors: Jin Weiru
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Influenza, because of its virus is highly contagious and easy to mutate, has caused many outbreaks around the world. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China for the prevention and treatment of influenza since ancient times, and now more and more people choose to use TCMs to prevent and treat influenza in their daily life. At present, researchers have also tried to study the mechanism of action of TCMs against influenza virus from multiple angles, but there are still many problems in the existing research that deserve further improvement. This article summarizes the researches on the mechanism of action of various TCMs against influenza virus by researchers at home and abroad in recent years and divides the mechanism of action of TCM against influenza virus, which according to the pathogenic mechanism of influenza virus, into two categories: direct inhibition and indirect inhibition. At the same time, this article found that many TCMs can also reduce the damage caused by viral infections by inhibiting the body's excessive immune response. This article also found that there are still some problems in the current research, such as unclear active ingredients, unclear effective dosage, lack of clinical trials, lack of comparative experiments between Chinese and Western medicines, and lack of research on influenza virus B, etc., which are hoped to be focused on in the future researches.
Advancements of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in non-small cell lung cancer research: Applications and current developments
Authors: Chen Kongzhao , Chen Jingyi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Lung cancer is the most aggressive and prevalent malignancies worldwide, contributing significantly to global health challenges with over 1.8 million new cases reported annually. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of these cases and is characterized by a poor 5-year survival rate of only 10%. Traditional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, face limitations such as drug resistance and systemic toxicity. The advent of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems (CRISPR/Cas) technology has transformed the landscape of gene editing, enabling precise targeting of genes involved in NSCLC pathogenesis. This review explores the therapeutic potential of this technology in NSCLC, focusing on key genes such as AIFM1, ROCK2, TSPAN4, and the PD-1 receptor protein, which play crucial roles in tumor progression and immune evasion. By elucidating the mechanisms through which the genes above help with lung cancer, we highlight how CRISPR/Cas9-mediated interventions can pave the way for innovative and effective treatment strategies. Additionally, we address the current challenges and prospects of implementing CRISPR/Cas9 in clinical settings to enhance the efficacy and specificity of lung cancer therapies, in order to improve patient outcomes and reduce the global burden of this devastating disease.
Biological, psychological, and socio-structural underpinnings of dissociative identity disorder
Authors: Lin Ting
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Epidemiological studies revealed the prevalence and diverse symptoms of dissociative identity disorder (DID), emphasizing diagnostic complexities. Debates over its etiology, ranging from trauma to fantasy predisposition, highlight the need for ongoing research and varied therapeutic approaches. Neuroimaging has uncovered distinct structural and functional brain differences in DID patients, contributing to our understanding of its neurological basis. Despite therapeutic progress, including behavioral and pharmacological interventions, effectively DID treatments remain challenging. Integrating biological, psychological, and sociocultural perspectives is crucial for advancing DID diagnosis and treatment.
Analysis and comparison of biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhou Xinyi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Alzheimer's disease (AD), commonly known as dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease that causes memory and cognitive decline. Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that causes memory and cognitive deterioration in patients. 70% of the world's more than 50 million elderly patients suffer from Alzheimer's disease. Currently, scholars around the world mainly classify Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients into seven stages from onset to death. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not yet been clarified by studies on different stages, and the main theories include the A- amyloid hypothesis and other theories such as abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein. The A- amyloid hypothesis proposes that a type of A42 forms a large number of oligomers in the patient's brain due to misfolding and accumulation, which then develop into mature fibres and protofibrils, eventually accumulating into plaques that impede signalling between the patient's nerves and neurons to cause problems in the brain. The Tau protein theory proposes that it is due to over phosphorylation of pTau protein that disrupts the neuronal skeleton and forms neuronal fibre tangles (NFTS) causing impaired axonal transport to affect signalling. fibre tangles (NFTS) causing impaired axonal transport to affect signalling. This review provides an overview of the A amyloid hypothesis and the abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein hypothesis, and compares their pathogenic mechanisms and proposes ideas to address the different mechanisms. This thesis finds that Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be treated using targeted approaches for different pathogenic mechanisms.
The treatment of lung cancer by gene editing technology and its comparison with traditional therapies
Authors: Lou Linyue
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In the past, drug resistance in the anti-cancer process has been a major factor affecting the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, which has greatly reduced the quality of life of patients, accompanied by greater suffering and lower survival rates. This article mainly discusses the possibility and practical feasibility of gene editing technology for curing some types of cancer under the current state of technology, and through analysis it finds that gene editing technology can greatly improve the negative effects of traditional drug treatment and chemotherapy, but the relatively immature technology and high cost often discourage many people. There are already experimented ways to cure cancer. For example, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology is currently the easiest, most efficient, and most diverse way to edit genomes, and it is also one of the most attractive applications. It is hoped that it will be promoted and applied in the future while reducing costs.
Expression profiles of different cytokines in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases
Authors: Wang Shiyu
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Autoimmune diseases(AID) have always been immune system diseases that affect millions of patients around the world no matter your race or age. Although the exact origins of most autoimmune diseases are still unknown, A growing body of research suggests that cytokines in vivo are closely related to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. There are many kinds of cytokines that have been shown to contribute to one or even more kinds of AIDs. There are also many researches that focus on the relationship between a single cytokine and the pathogenesis of a specific type of AIDS. However, there are few overall discussions and summaries of the relationship between individual cytokines and common autoimmune diseases. Here, this review chooses the three most common AIDs: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriasis, and talk about the relationship of their pathogenesis with main cytokines, including TNF-, IL-17, IL-1 and IL-6. By summarizing the relationship between these cytokines and the pathogenesis of these three types of autoimmune diseases, this review has a reference value for the clinical treatment and scientific research of these diseases, as it shows that some cytokines can work upstream and downstream of the same pathway.
Application of CRISPR combined with deep learning in cancer detection and therapy
Authors: Zhou Rongye
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Cancer is a huge health issue around the world, and genetic abnormalities are one of the leading causes. Gene editing has gained importance in cancer research with the advent of CRISPR technology, particularly the CRISPR/Cas system, which is utilized in cancer detection and treatment because of its high specificity and sensitivity. Meanwhile, as a branch of machine learning, deep learning has shown great potential in cancer detection and treatment by constructing and training multi-layer neural networks. Deep learning algorithms increase the accuracy of early cancer diagnosis by detecting gene mutations and expression patterns linked to cancer. This article reviews the most recent applications of CRISPR combined with deep learning in cancer detection and treatment. CRISPR technology has shown outstanding performance in nucleic acid testing, virus detection, and protein detection; In terms of treatment, it can be utilized to remove cancer-related genes by gene editing , enhance immune cell function, and improve the efficiency of immunotherapy. Deep learning techniques play an important role in cancer diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and CRISPR targeted and off target prediction. Combining CRISPR and deep learning is expected to improve cancer detection and treatment methods, providing new directions for future research.
DNA methylation, a key concept in epigenetics
Authors: Wu Yuanlin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and CpG islands intricately regulate gene expression. Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms provides insights into cellular identity and how their dysregulation contributes to cancer development. Unraveling these complexities opens avenues for therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring normal epigenetic patterns in cancer cells. In light of the potential for epigenetic therapies to restore normal gene activity and enhance treatment outcomes, this work intended to present an overview of the state of knowledge about DNA methylation and its implications for cancer therapy.
Utilizing the T cell immune response to treat non-small cell lung cancer with CRISPR/Cas9 technology
Authors: Gao Chunxuan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has the greatest incidence rate and fatality, among all the lung cancer types. Its treatment has been widely concerned by the research community. Currently, many inhibitors used in clinical practice face drawbacks such as increased drug resistance in cancer cells and failure, as well as relatively high cytotoxicity. They not only fail to have a long-term effect on the lesion may also cause certain damage to normal cells. Therefore, finding a treatment method that cancer cells cannot or are difficult to develop drug resistance, can have long-lasting effects, and has low cytotoxicity is currently the research direction of scholars. CRISPR/Cas9 technology, a widely used and convenient gene editing method, can modify the microenvironment of T cells or cancer cells as a therapy of NSCLC. This article aims to review the current mechanisms of using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to treat NSCLC looking forward to more treatment sites and methods in the future.
The potential applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in treating Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Sun Jingxin , Li Jiaxi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a widespread genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene. Current treatments, such as corticosteroids and genetic therapies like exon skipping, offer some symptom management but fall short of providing a cure. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology, which is related with Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated protein 9, could edit the genome with great precision. This technique holds potential in tackling the underlying issue of DMD by rectifying mutations in the dystrophin gene. Various strategies, including exon skipping, frame remodeling, and expression regulation, have demonstrated the potential to resumption dystrophin expression and improve muscle fitness in preclinical models. Even with these developments, there are still a number of important obstacles to overcome, such as enhancing the effectiveness of delivery, reducing off-target effects, and managing immune reactions. Future research will focus on refining these techniques and ensuring their safe and effective translation to clinical therapies, potentially revolutionizing the treatment of DMD and other genetic disorders.
Strategies to Improved Breast Cancer Treatment Associated With Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Chin Lai Ka Jerry
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In recent years, breast cancer has developed rapidly. Many women suffer from breast cancer, making the study of its treatment extremely important. The drugs used in breast cancer therapy have shown beneficial effects, but some cause cardiotoxic side effects wich deserve close attention. Cardiotoxicity includes a range of effects, such as arrythmia, cardiac dyfunction and even heart failure, which could be a threaten to life health. Therefore, it is crucial and necessary to deal with the cardiotixicity side effect during breast cancer therapy. Doing so will provide patients better options for their treatment. Three drugs have been proven to have cardiotoxic effects, including anthracyclines(eg:Doxorubicin), HER-2-targeting drug(Tratzutmab), and Cyclophosphamide. Although numerous studies have extensively researched how to mitigate the cardiotoxic effects of anti-breast cancer drugs, few articles have summarized and discussed these findings. This current situation results in a lack of comprehensive treatment plans in clinical practice. Therefore, this paper aims to review these studies and discuss the main drugs used to reduce the toxicity of three commonly used antineoplastic agents, in the hope of providing more comprehensive guidance for clinical medication.
双重差分法分析：英国碳排放交易系统 （UK ETS）政策有效性
Authors: 孙 浦榕
Published: November 2024

为了检验英国政府于2021年开始率先实施于英国本国碳交易政策的有效性，文章使用双重差分法试图分析英国前30家大型公司在绿色投资；总投资等方面与公司碳排放之间的定量关系，并且试图通过所得数据结论讨论英国政府实施的碳交易政策的有效性以及未来发展方向的讨论。