bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monkey Pox and its Impact on the Human Health in the World
Authors: Khan Dr. Naushad , Fahad Shah , Naushad Mahnoor , Ullah Aftab , Ullah Mehtab , Bibi Jamila , Ullah Shahab
Published: April 2024

This editorial was conducted in year 2023 in which main aim was to investigate Monkeypox (MPX) impact on the human health worldwidely. Several studies were searched through different online available sources including google scholar, pubmed, and researchgate. All studies were critically reviewed and analyzed the findings. MPX was first appeared in Denmark in 1958 among Monkeys, which were kept for research, later it appeared in a nine (9) months old boy in Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970. The monkey pox was caused by Monkey Pox virus (MPXV) which is double stranded DNA virus. It belongs to Orthopoxvirus genus in Poxviridae family which consist of Variola, Cowpox, Vaccina and other viruses. The two genetic clades of the virus were clades I and II. The natural reservoir of MPXV was unknown and various small mammals such as squirrels and monkeys were susceptible. The sign and symptoms includes, rashes, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headache, muscle aches, back pain and muscle fatigue. MPXV transmits through respiratory droplets which creates due to face to face talking, breathing, kissing and also transmit through body touching. It was observed that the virus entered through broken skin, mucosal surfaces or through respiratory tract. Moreover, sexual partners is also the source of spreading MPXV. MPXV virus spread from one region to another through exports which affect different countries of the world. The virus spread to Europe and America from African region and outbreak occurred in 2022-2023. Mostly tecovirimat and smallpox treatment were used for management of MPXV. Several individuals died and also many were severely ill. This mortality and morbidity also affects the world economy. Due to MPXV, many health problems were raised including anxiety, depression and social stigma. Based on studies analysis, it is recommended to implement the quarantine strategy throughout the world for prevention and spreading of MPXV. Focus should be on transportation, imports, and exports of goods region to region. High quality healthcare centers should be design to tackle such outbreaks. Preferred to wash hand properly with sanitizer and soap. Better research laboratories is also advised for better, early and timely diagnosis of MPXV. Stay at home is another strategy in such situation. Moreover, awareness and medical counseling center is also important to aware public about the transmission, diagnosis and treatment of MPXV. Counseling center are important to reduce and remove the social stigma among general public.
Frequency Of Beta Thalassemia Major Abo Blood Groups In Different Foundation Of District Peshawar
Authors: Imran Khan Muhammad , Rabnawaz Muhammad , Ullah Imran , Ullah Irfan , Ahmad Maqbool
Published: April 2024

Background: Thalassemia major (TM) is an inherited hemolytic disorder occur due to abnormal hemoglobin production as a result of HBB (Haemoglobin Subunit Beta) gene mutation because HBB gene provides instructions for making of beta globin. The research study aim is to determine the frequency of beta thalassemia major ABO blood group in different foundation of district Peshawar.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 100 individuals with Thalassemia major from different foundations in Peshawar, including Hamza Foundation and Fatmid Foundation. The data was analyzed for statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.0 software.
Results: The study analyzed the gender-wise distribution of Thalassemia major patients, revealing that out of the 100 individuals, 43 were female (43%) and 57 were male (57%). Moreover, the study examined the ABO blood types among the participants. The most prevalent blood type among the Thalassemia major patients was B+ (35.0%), followed by O+ (34.0%), A+ (26.0%), AB+ (4.0%), and O- (1.0%).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that among those with Thalassemia major in the population under study, the B+ blood type is the most prevalent and well-known ABO blood group.
Danqi Granules Combined with Alfacalcidol Tablets in the Treatment of Senile Osteoporosis and its Effect on Bone Metabolism and Cytokines
Authors: Liu Zhijie , Wang Qiang
Published: April 2024

Background This study investigated the effect of Danqi granules combined with alfacalcidol tablets in the treatment of senile osteoporosis and its influence on bone metabolism and cytokines, in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment of senile osteoporosis. Methods: A total of 130 patients with senile osteoporosis admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to a random number table method, with 65 cases in each group. Patients in Control group were treated with alfacalcidol tablets, and patients in observation group were treated with Danqi granules combined with alfacalcidol tablets. The clinical efficacy, bone metabolism, cytokines, joint dysfunction, pain, quality of life and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05); after treatment, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), anti-tartrate acid phosphatase (TRACP-5b), type I collagen C-terminal peptide (β-CTX) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in two groups were obviously lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and those of observation group were obviously lower than those of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1) in the two groups were obviously higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and those of observation group were obviously higher than those of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) and visual analog scale (VAS) in the two groups were obviously lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and those in observation group were obviously lower than those in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the score of the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36) in the two groups was obviously higher than that before treatment (P<0.05), and that of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate in observation group was obviously lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Danqi granules combined with alfacalcidol tablets achieved a significant efficacy in treatment of senile osteoporosis, which could effectively relieve pain, regulate bone metabolism, ameliorate dysfunction and improve quality of life of patients with a safe and reliable effect.
2BF-MP BOMBA FILTRADORA DE MICROPLÁSTICO
Authors: Santos Luís Fernando de Camargo , Jordani Kauan Pereira , Landim Vinicius Paes , Tedeschi Victor Hugo Pancera
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo aborda a problemática ambiental resultante do crescimento populacional e desenvolvimento industrial, destacando o impacto do padrão de produção e consumo na geração indiscriminada de resíduos, particularmente o termoplástico, cuja composição o torna uma ameaça significativa para o solo e o mar. Com foco nos resíduos marinhos e microplásticos, discute-se a contaminação dos ambientes aquáticos e terrestres, com ênfase na Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar a 2BF-MPMP (Bomba Filtradora de Microplástico) como uma solução eficaz para a limpeza dos mares. Os objetivos específicos incluem compreender o microplástico, examinar a Baía de Guanabara, validar o modelo utilizado pela PUC, apresentar a máquina 2BF-MP e detalhar os custos do projeto. Ao analisar o tamanho e densidade dos microplásticos, o texto destaca a diversidade desses polímeros, evidenciando a necessidade de abordagens eficientes para sua remoção. A pesquisa destaca a atuação da PUC e da ProOceano na identificação de áreas críticas de poluição na Baía de Guanabara. A máquina 2BF-MP é apresentada como a peça central da proposta, detalhando seu formato, material, bombas de água, placa solar e peneiras granulométricas. Os custos do projeto são discutidos, ressaltando a viabilidade econômica.
NANOCIÊNCIA NA ENGENHARIA CIVIL UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO DO GRAFENO NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Santos Rafael Aparecido Rodrigues dos , Bispo Vinicius Moraes Marcelino , Tedeschi Victor Hugo Pancera
Published: April 2024

Este artigo explora a importância do grafeno na indústria da construção, focando em suas propriedades mecânicas e elétricas. O setor da construção, uma parte crucial da economia brasileira, testemunhou inovações tecnológicas e institucionais ao longo dos últimos séculos. No século XX, surgiram a nanociência e a nanotecnologia, introduzindo o potencial de criar novos materiais, com o grafeno e os nanotubos de carbono sendo alguns dos mais significativos. O estudo tem como objetivo identificar os fatores que contribuem para o sucesso do grafeno na indústria da construção, enfatizando suas aplicações e examinando os desafios e benefícios. A metodologia de pesquisa envolve a coleta de artigos científicos de fontes como Scielo, Periódicos da Capes e Google Scholar. O artigo discute as características e classificações do grafeno, destacando suas propriedades únicas, como alta resistência à tração, condutividade térmica e transparência. Os métodos de produção, incluindo esfoliação mecânica, esfoliação química e deposição química a vapor, são explorados. As aplicações potenciais do grafeno na construção, especialmente em cimento e restauração de edifícios, são detalhadas, mostrando sua capacidade de aprimorar a resistência e durabilidade dos materiais. O estudo enfatiza a importância do grafeno em lidar com preocupações ambientais associadas à produção de cimento. Além disso, examina o papel do grafeno na restauração de edifícios, com foco em suas características funcionais. O artigo conclui reconhecendo os desafios, como resistência cultural e métodos em evolução, e destaca o papel ativo do Brasil na pesquisa sobre grafeno, apesar dos altos custos associados a essa tecnologia.
PRÓTESES ORPTOPÉDICAS FABRICAÇÃO, SENTIMENTO DOS USUÁRIOS E ACESSIBILIDADE
Authors: Nunes Fábio Henrique , Neuls Gabriel Marcos , Treska Leonardo Nogueira , Tedeschi Victor Hugo Pancera
Published: April 2024

O artigo aborda a evolução das próteses de membros inferiores, destacando os avanços tecnológicos e seu impacto na vida dos usuários no Brasil. Desde as adaptações rudimentares antigas até as próteses contemporâneas feitas de materiais como fibra de carbono, o artigo explora os principais grupos constituintes do membro inferior, a história das próteses, e as causas para amputações. Destaca-se a importância da individualidade na fabricação das próteses, considerando design estético para promover autoestima e bem-estar. O texto enfatiza o processo de produção das próteses, incluindo consulta e medidas precisas, confecção de moldes e uso de materiais como fibra de carbono, fibra de vidro e Kevlar. Discute-se também a relevância de testes pessoais para garantir conforto e adaptação. O artigo explora componentes específicos das próteses, como joelhos mecânicos, pés protéticos e projetos inovadores como o CYBERLEGs. A reabilitação de amputados é considerada crucial, com destaque para o papel do auxílio-acidente do INSS. O texto também aborda a autoestima dos amputados, ressaltando a importância da imagem corporal positiva e a adaptação psicológica. A personalização de próteses, como o projeto "Alternative Limb", é mencionada como uma maneira de aumentar a autoestima. No contexto brasileiro, a acessibilidade às próteses é discutida, revelando desigualdades socioeconômicas. A introdução de próteses mais acessíveis, como a capa para prótese Confete, é citada, mas ainda há desafios significativos devido à falta de recursos e programas para amputados de baixa renda. O artigo conclui que, apesar dos avanços, a inclusão plena de amputados na sociedade ainda enfrenta obstáculos significativos, incluindo preconceito e desigualdade.
SUSTENTABILIDADE E GESTÃO AMBIENTAL: A RELEVÂNCIA DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DA NBR ISO NA INDÚSTRIA QUÍMICA
Authors: Chagas Paôla Vargas , Tedeschi Victor Hugo Pancera
Published: April 2024

O artigo destaca duas entrevistas com especialistas em áreas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável e à gestão da qualidade de produtos. Claudia Carvalho, mestre em Direito e especialista em Direito Administrativo, aborda a temática do Desenvolvimento Sustentável em sua dissertação de mestrado, destacando a relação entre o Direito e o Desenvolvimento. Carvalho destaca a importância do Plano de Logística Sustentável (PLS), destacando que ele promove práticas sustentáveis na Administração Pública, incluindo licitações sustentáveis que consideram questões socioambientais. A segunda entrevista é com Manuelle Karvat, mestre em Meio Ambiente Urbano e Industrial, que aborda a implantação de normativas na indústria química. Karvat destaca a importância da certificação ISO e do selo do Inmetro para garantir a qualidade de produtos na indústria. Ela menciona que a ISO 9001 é fundamental para estabelecer padrões e melhorar a gestão nas empresas. Além disso, Karvat destaca a interligação entre as certificações ISO 9001 e ISO 14001, ressaltando que ambas auxiliam no cumprimento das leis ambientais. O artigo conclui destacando a necessidade de mudanças em prol do meio ambiente e a importância de iniciativas sustentáveis, especialmente diante da atual crise hídrica no estado do Paraná. Enfatiza a importância da conscientização da população sobre a limitação dos recursos naturais e destaca a relevância das convenções e normativas para minimizar os impactos ambientais, especialmente nas indústrias químicas, que desempenham um papel crucial nesse contexto.
TRIBOLOGIA VOLTADA PARA A INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOTIVA
Authors: Milcheski Jonathan Luan , Batista Luiz Gustavo Kondrusik , Nardelli Marlon Rodrigo , Nardelli Mauro Rodrigo , Sumie Marianne Kawano , Tedeschi Victor Hugo Pancera
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho apresentará uma introdução ao estudo de tribologia e suas aplicações, com o foco voltado para a indústria automotiva. O estudo da tribologia se mostra uma ferramenta necessária para o desenvolvimento de materiais e produtos usados na tecnologia de movimentos mecânicos, com a intenção de se obter eficiência na transmissão do trabalho gerado e um ciclo de vida mais inteligente e com melhor custo benefício das partes envolvidas. Os estudos tribológicos, podem fazer com que termos como rugosidade, lubrificação e desgaste, gerem uma espécie de banco de dados de compatibilidade com o design, com a matéria-prima envolvida e com o processo de fabricação envolvido, antes mesmo que o projeto defina o funcionamento de um sistema mecânico. Com relação à indústria automotiva, quando há uma melhor eficiência de projetos em que existam estudos tribológicos mais avançados, além da economia com a manutenção pelo desgaste e do combustível utilizado, o meio ambiente também se beneficia com a menor geração dos efeitos e de substâncias nocivas, derivadas do funcionamento de veículos automotores.
1. Analisis Studi IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System), Sebagai Referensi Pengembangan RNSS Di Indonesia
Authors: Arief Syachrul , Gultom Rudi , Poniman Aris
Published: April 2024

Regional navigasi satelit sistem (RNSS) adalah suatu sistem navigasi yang daya jangkaunya bersifat regional. Pemanfaatannya semakin hari semakin banyak orang menggunakan bahkan berbagai bidang hampir semuanya membutuhkan informasi navigasi. Penelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi sistem navigasi pada negara India yang skala jangkakunnya regional. Metoda penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian studi literarur, literarur diperoleh dari berbagai referensi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh, bahwa sejarah pembangunan RNSS India bukan dibuat dalam waktu yang singkat, namun diperlukan berbagai persiapan yang membutuhkan waktu tidak sebentar. Mulai dari kajian segmen IRNSS, baik segmen darat, segmen ruang angkasa dan segmen pengguna, dipersiapkan seara mendetil dan sebaik mungkin. Berikutnya sistem referensi juga menjadi perhatian, referensi yang menentukan tata koordinat untuk keperluan koreksi atau acuan dalam berbagai aplikasi RNSS. Berikutnya masalah konstelasi satelit, berdasar kebutuhan dan kondisi akan mempengaruhi berapa jumlah satelit yang diperlukan untuk dapat mencakup area se Indonesia. Oleh karena hal tersebut analisis studi ini menjadi suatu referensi dalam rangka membangun suatu sistem navigasi yang mandiri, terlebih lagi jika dikaitkan dengan kebutuhan pertahanan dan keamanan.
7. Pemanfaatan Teknologi Blockchain Dalam Rantai Pasok Suku Cadang Alat Utama Sistem Senjata TNI Angkatan Udara
Authors: L.Tobing Herdian , Marsono  , Didik S Waras
Published: April 2024

TNI Angkatan Udara dalam menjaga keamanan di wilayah udara nasional dengan mengoperasionalkan alat utama sistem senjata (alutsista) yang berbeda platform dan fungsi utama, membutuhkan kesiapan operasional alutsista tersebut melalui dukungan rantai pasok suku cadang yang melibatkan sistem yang kompleks. Salah satu potensi ancaman dalam proses dukungan tersebut adalah adanya suku cadang tidak resmi (ilegal) yang masuk ke dalam rantai pasok pengadaan suku cadang alutsista TNI AU, sehingga diperlukan penelitian dalam rangka menganalisa sistem rantai pasok suku cadang alutsista TNI Angkatan Udara, menganalisa celah dalam mekanisme pengadaan sehingga komponen tidak resmi (ilegal) dapat masuk ke dalam sistem rantai pasok dan bagaimana teknologi sistem informasi Blockchain dapat mengantisipasi hal ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melaksanakan proses pengumpulan data melalui interaksi langsung oleh peneliti dengan narasumber atau informan, sehingga menghasilkan penelitian yang bermanfaat dalam mengantisipasi dan memperbaiki sistem manajemen rantai pasok melalui mekanisme pengadaan suku cadang alutsista TNI Angkatan Udara.
9. Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Program Life Extension Pesawat Sukhoi TNI AU (Studi Kasus Pesawat TS-3004 Dan TS-3005)
Authors: Yudhistira Andi , Ganjar Herdiansah Ari , Priyono Puguh
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan pemeliharaan pesawat merupakan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan untuk mempertahankan kesiapan operasional pesawat terbang yang terbagi atas pemeliharaan tingkat ringan, tingkat sedang dan tingkat berat. Overhaul merupakan kegiatan pemeliharaan tingkat berat yang dilaksanakan terhadap pesawat sukhoi TNI au dilaksanakan setiap 1.000 jam terbang atau 10 tahun usia kalender. Besarnya biaya overhaul mendorong TNI au untuk mencari alternatif kegiatan pemeliharaan tingkat berat untuk pesawat sukhoi TNI AU yaitu life extension. Saat ini life extension telah dilaksanakan pada pesawat sukhoi TNI AU dengan nomor registrasi ts-3004 dan ts 3005. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas pelaksanaan program life extension pesawat sukhoi TNI AU melalui studi kasus pesawat ts-3004 dan ts-3005 sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan untuk pemilihan pemeliharaan tingkat berat selanjutnya pada pesawat sukhoi TNI au. Metode yang digunakan dalam penellitian ini adalah metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan deksriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan life extension pada pesawat ts-3004 dan ts-3005 terlah berjalan dengan efektif sehingga peneliti menyarankan untuk melanjutkan program life extension untuk pesawat sukhoi TNI au berikutnya. Selain itu peneliti menyarankan agar alih teknologi dapat dilanjutkan pada tingkat overhaul sehingga kemandirian dalam pemeliharaan alutsista khususnya pesawat sukhoi dapat tercapai.
5. TEKNOLOGI GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
Authors: Rasiman Yoseph , T Ketty
Published: April 2024

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), yang awalnya merupakan akronimdari Groupe Special Mobile, adalah suatu teknologi sistem komunikasi selular yang menggunakanteknik digital. Teknologi ini memanfaatkan gelombang mikro dan pengiriman sinyalnya diaturberdasarkan urutan waktu (time division). Sebagai teknologi yang banyak digunakan saat ini, GSMmemiliki kelebihan antara lain; Area cakupan (coverage area) meliputi semua wilayah yang bisadicakup oleh jaringan operator yang bersangkutan; SMS disimpan dulu di jaringan sementaraapabila ponsel yang akan menerima dalam keadaan tidak aktif atau diluar cakupan. SMS dikirimkembali setelah ponsel yang bersangkutan aktif atau sudah berada di dalam area cakupan; Untukmengirim SMS tidak perlu mengirim ke operator, cukup mengetik saja di keypad handset; Biayauntuk mengirim SMS lebih murah dibandingkan dengan menelepon; SMS dalam perkembanganselanjutnya tidak hanya terpaku pada pengiriman pesan-pesan singkat saja, tetapi kini sudahdimodifikasi untuk bisa mengirimkan gambar, suara (ring tones), logo pada ponsel, screen saverdan banyak fitur lainnya. GSM juga memiliki beberapa kekurangan antara lain: Pada waktu trafficsibuk pengiriman SMS menjadi padat. Traffic yang terlalu padat menyebabkan ketepatan waktupenyampaian pesan menjadi tidak real time. SMS pada kanal signaling yang juga mengakibatkanpesan sering kali tidak sampai sementara itu tetap dikenakan biaya pengiriman serta isi pesandalam SMS terbatas hanya 160 karakter per unit
8. ANALISIS SISTEM PROTEKSI KEBAKARAN AKTIF GUDANG ARSIP SETUMAU DALAM RANGKA MENGOPTIMALKAN PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP BAHAYA KEBAKARAN
Authors: Cuk Hendradinata  , W. Tedja Bhirawa  , Basuki Arianto  , Darmawan Yulianto
Published: April 2024

Penelitian mengenai sistem Sistem Proteksi Kebakaran Aktif di Gudang arsipdari bahaya kebakaran. Mengingat betapa pentingnya nilai arsip-arsip yang disimpan dandihadapkan dengan besarnya potensi terjadinya kebakaran di Gudang Arsip Setumau,penulis berkeinginan membandingkan kondisi sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif yang ada diGudang Arsip Setumau saat ini dengan standar ketentuan yang berlaku. Berdasarkan SNI03-3989-2000, standar penempatan kepala sprinkler diatur dengan melihat tingkat klasifikasipotensi kebakarannya. Masing-masing tingkat klasifikasi potensi kebakaran memilikistandar luas lingkup maksimum dan jarak maksimum antara kepala sprinkler yang berbeda.Penempatan dan perencanaan penempatan kepala sprinkler pada pipa cabang (S) danjarak antara deretan kepala sprinkler (D), serta perhitungan jenis pompa dan kapasitas airuntuk pemadam. Dari hasi perhitungan, jumlah kebutuhan sprinkler dan jarak peletakannyadengan ukuran bangunan panjang 30 m, lebar 15 m, dan ketinggian langit-langit 5 m,jumlah sprinkler yang dibutuhkan sejumlah 50 sprinkler. Sprinkler ditempatkan di langitlangit dengan susunan sejajar dan arah pancaran ke bawah, dengan jarak peletakan antarsprinkler: 3 m. Sedangkan Jarak antar sprinkler dalam deretan satu pipa cabang, kemudianjarak antara deretan sprinkler pada satu pipa cabang dengan cabang yang berdekatan:3 m. Kemudian jarak antara sprinkler terujung di pipa cabang dengan dinding adalah 1,5m. Jarak antara deretan sprinkler di pipa cabang terpinggir dengan dinding: 1,5 m. Totalvolume air yang dibutuhkan gudang sprinkler di Gudang Arsip Setumau sejumlah 120.000liter dengan waktu operasional selama 30 menit. Jumlah estimasi kebutuhan air saatsprinkler beroperasi adalah 36.000 liter.
Om allokering av straffansvar vid arbete utan tillstånd
Authors: Kallio Heikki
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn 23 February 2023, a comprehensive reform of the Aliens Act concerning the employment and business activities of foreign nationals entered into force in Finland. The objective of the reform was to increase the authorities’ ability to prevent the exploitation of foreign labour. One of the most significant changes involved the client´s obligations to ensure the right to work for foreign nationals entering and remaining in employment. These changes were prompted by, among other things, problems identified in the regulatory framework concerning the obligations of the employer and the client and the allocation of criminal liability.
The article analyses the allocation of liability for offences related to unauthorised work from the perspective of Finnish legislation. It focuses on how criminal liability has been shared and allocated since the comprehensive reform of Chapter 5 of the Aliens Act was implemented in Finland. The article concludes that after the amendments to the Aliens Act, criminal liability will be allocated in the same way and to the same parties, regardless of whether the Criminal Code’s provision on the unauthorised use of foreign labour or the Aliens Act’s employer’s alienage offence applies in the case under consideration. This can reasonably be seen as reducing the problems of apportioning responsibility for unauthorised employment. As regards the concrete attribution of criminal liability, attention must be focused on the circumstances of the act, the employer organisation and the specific person in that organisation. The starting point for allocating criminal liability must be to determine who is responsible for the offence in the first place within the meaning of the applicable provision. It is then necessary to determine who has the authority to hire and retain employees. Finally, criminal liability must be attributed to the person who actually committed the acts in question.
Cartes conceptuelles des facteurs critiques à la transition vers des espaces ouverts et flexibles sur la performance et le bien-être
Authors: Pelletier Marie-Élaine , Bareil Céline
Published: April 2024

Many organizations are considering reconfiguring their workspaces to optimize them. While studies (Brunia et al., 2016; Dunford et al., 2013; Hoendenvanger et al., 2016) on open and flexible spaces tend to show mixed results, it is important to consider experimenting and transitioning to these new spaces so that they best meet the needs of the change recipients and the organization. A pilot project was built for recipients to experiment with new spaces. A support team followed 15 cohorts of about 15 people for two to three months each, over three years. Exploratory action research in a university setting made it possible to collect qualitative data from weekly follow-up meetings, a survey, and videotaped statements. Concept maps created (Davies, 2011) from 260 verbatim excerpts illustrate the hierarchical relationships between critical factors and their psychosocial effects. The results show three critical factors. The diversity and flexibility of the layouts facilitated adaptation and created a sense of increased performance by meeting the needs for focus, privacy, and teamwork. Physical proximity contributed to increased social interaction and accessibility to colleagues and managers, leading to collaboration and a sense of well-being. Change management fostered the perception of organizational support and spatial appropriation. Change management practitioners and leaders might consider a transition period of a few months for learning and monitoring of recipient groups before final decisions are made. The results obtained need to be contextualized and could vary by type of position. The effects of these spaces in the long term and consideration of tasks performed during the days spent in the office would be interesting leads for future studies.
Sexisme bienveillant en entreprise : perceptions, impacts sur les projections de carrière et stratégies d’adaptation
Authors: Willeput Marine , Closon Caroline
Published: April 2024

The workplace is not free from gender bias. In recent years, efforts to eradicate gender-based discriminatory behaviours at work have emerged (EIGE, 2021). However, a form of sexism still seems to be accepted because of its subjectively positive dimension: benevolent sexism (Glick & Fiske, 1996). This qualitative study examines the perception of benevolent sexism among female civil engineers, its potential impact on their career projections, and the strategies used to cope with benevolent sexist micro-aggressions. Semi-directed interviews were conducted with seven female civil engineer participants. The interviews were then analysed according to the steps of the interpretative phenomenological analysis method (Smith, 1996), combining a vertical and a horizontal analysis. Our results show a low perception of benevolent sexism by the participants interviewed and a very limited effective impact on their career projections. Seven coping strategies emerged from the interviews: confronting, desensitizing, recontextualizing, seeking support, refocusing, taking collective action, and leaving the company. The results obtained in this research can be explained by a habituation to sexist behaviours during studies in a predominantly male field, the importance of the contextual elements, particularly the high rate of employability of these women, and the potential effectiveness of the coping strategies implemented. Two main purposes were identified in these coping strategies: acting directly on perpetrators in order to decrease discrimination frequency and intensity (resistance), and reducing the impact of sexist behaviours on the target without affecting perpetrators (resignation).
Antibacterial activity of five Indonesian medicinal plants and the isolation of compounds from Plectranthus scutellarioides
Authors: Rakainsa Senda Kartika , Nisa Khoirun , Ito Takuya , Morita Hiroyuki
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial properties of five Indonesian medicinal plant extracts, namely Physalis angulata, Loranthus parasiticus, Plectranthus scutellarioides, Cyperus rotundus, and Terminalia catappa. The isolation of compounds from P. scutellarioides against pathogenic bacteria was also investigated. The assessment of the antibacterial activity of the extracts was conducted using the microdilution-3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The plant extract with the highest antibacterial activity was further purified using various chromatographic assays to isolate bioactive compounds. High Resolution-Electron Ionization Mass Spectroscopy/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectroscopy (HR-ESIMS/EIMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometers were used to elucidate the structure of isolated compounds. Among all the plants tested, P. scutellarioides showed the strongest antibacterial activity against S. aureus [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC 100 μg/ml)] and B. subtilis (MIC 200 μg/ml). Three compounds were isolated from P. scutellarioides including an abietane diterpene, 2,16-diacetoxy-6,11,12,14,17-pentahydroxy-abieta-5,8,11,13- tetraene-7-one (1), 5,6,7,3′,4′,5′-hexamethoxy flavone (2), and 5,6,7,8,3′,4′,5′-heptamethoxy flavone (3). Compounds 2 and 3 were recognized to be first isolated from this plant. Compound 1 exerted antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a MIC value of 60 μM, but was inactive against B. subtilis and E. coli (MIC > 200 μM). Compounds 2 and 3 were inactive against S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli (MIC > 200 μM).
Synthesis, in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of novel amide derivatives of substituted 2-aminothiophenes and 3,4-dimethoxy cinnamic acid
Authors: Bandaru Satya Sree , Kuchana Madhavi
Published: April 2024

Novel amide derivatives using substituted 2-aminothiophenes (1A–12A) were synthesized by following a suitable procedure. The synthesized compounds were characterized by physical and spectral data. The compounds were screened for in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities with reference to the standard drugs, Ascorbic acid and Ibuprofen respectively. The majority of the compounds showed good antioxidant activity in DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. The synthesized compounds were also tested for in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity by protein denaturation and HRBC membrane stabilization methods. Among all, the compounds 2A and 3A showed significant in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard drug Ibuprofen.
Coexisting discharge and synchronization of heterogeneous discrete neural network with crosstalk memristor synapses
Authors: Wang Xuan , Du Jian-Rong , Li Zhi-Jun , Ma Ming-Lin , Li Chun-Lai ,   Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communications, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China,   School of Computer Science & School of Cyberspace Science, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China,   School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
Published: April 2024

Synaptic crosstalk, which occurs due to the overflow of neurotransmitters between neighboring synapses, holds a crucial position in shaping the discharge characteristics and signal transmission within nervous systems. In this work, two memristors are employed to simulate biological neural synapses and bidirectionally coupled Chialvo discrete neuron and Rulkov discrete neuron. Thus, a heterogeneous discrete neural network with memristor-synapse coupling is constructed, with the crosstalk behavior between memristor synapses in the coupled state taken into account. The analysis demonstrates that the quantity and stability of fixed points within this neural network greatly depend on the strength of synaptic crosstalk. Additionally, through a thorough investigation of bifurcation diagrams, phase diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and time sequences, we uncover the multi-stable state property exhibited by the neural network. This characteristic manifests as the coexistence of diverse discharge behaviors, which significantly change with the intensity of synaptic crosstalk. Interestingly, the introduction of control parameter into state variables can lead the bias to increase, and also the infinite stable states to occur in the neural network. Furthermore, we comprehensively study the influence of synaptic crosstalk strength on the synchronization behavior of the neural network, with consideration of various coupling strengths, initial conditions, and parameters. Our analysis, which is based on the phase difference and synchronization factor of neuronal discharge sequences, reveales that the neural network maintains phase synchronization despite the variations of the two crosstalk strengths. The insights gained from this work provide important support for elucidating the electrophysiological mechanisms behind the processing and transmission of biological neural information. Especially, the coexisting discharge phenomenon in the neural network provides an electrophysiological theoretical foundation for the clinical symptoms and diagnosis of the same neurological disease among different individuals or at different stages. And the doctors can predict the progression and prognosis of neurological disease based on the patterns and characteristics of coexisting discharge in patients, enabling them to adopt appropriate intervention measures and monitoring plans. Therefore, the research on coexisting discharge in the neural system contributes to the comprehensive treatment of nervous system disease.
Electron extraction mechanism of magnet array microwave discharge neutralizer
Authors: Fu Yu-Liang , Zhang Si-Yuan , Sun An-Bang , Ma Zu-Fu , Wang Ya-Nan ,   State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: April 2024

Microwave discharge neutralizer is an important part of microwave discharge ion thruster system, which plays a vital role in maintaining potential balance between spacecraft and neutralizing ion beam. Its electron extraction property directly affects the operation condition of ion thruster system. In order to break through the power limit of miniature microwave discharge ion thruster, a magnet array microwave discharge ion thruster system is designed and tested. In the experiment on finalizing magnetic field structure of magnet array microwave discharge neutralizer, an interesting phenomenon is found that the I-V curves of electron current, after rotating the magnetic array orientation, are very different. Defining forward direction of magnet array can normally extract electrons, then backward direction of magnet array can hardly extract electrons. Because the diameter of discharge chamber is only 10 mm, it is too small to perform Langmuir probe diagnosis. And thus, an integrative particle-in-cell method is used to simulate the neutralizer operation processes of two different magnetic field structures, and for the sake of accuracy, real vacuum permittivity is used. The simulation results show good consistence with experimental phenomenon. In the initial discharge process, it is found that the magnetic field gradient leads to different plasma distributions; in electron extraction process, it is found that the potential distribution near the orifice determines the electron extraction property of the neutralizer. Through comparing the plasma parameter distributions under different magnetic field structures and operating voltages, an assumption that the ion is an important factor in electron extraction process is proposed. Then, a simulation that ions disappear artificially outside the orifice is conducted, and the simulation results show that electrons cannot be effectively extracted without ions near the orifice. According to the simulation and experiment results, two necessary conditions are summarized for electron extraction of the neutralizer. The first condition is magnetic field structure: the magnetic field gradient should point towards the orifice to guide plasma migration towards the orifice, the second one is potential distribution: there should be enough ions to lift the potential near the orifice for reducing or breaking the potential well. These two conditions can help understand the electron extraction mechanism of microwave discharge neutralizer and provide theoretical reference for optimizing the performance of neutralizer in future.
Intramolecular feedback regulation of the LRRK2 Roc G domain by a LRRK2 kinase dependent mechanism
Authors: Gilsbach Bernd K. , Ho Franz Y. , Riebenbauer Benjamin , Zhang Xiaojuan , Guaitoli Giambattista , Kortholt Arjan , Gloeckner Christian Johannes
Published: April 2024

The Parkinson’s Disease (PD)-linked protein Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) consists of seven domains, including a kinase and a Roc G-domain. Despite the availability of several high-resolution structures, the dynamic regulation of its unique intramolecular domain stack is nevertheless still not well understood. By in-depth biochemical analysis, assessing the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the Roc G-domain, we have confirmed that LRRK2 has similar to other Roco protein family members a K
M
value of LRRK2 that lays within the range of the physiological GTP concentrations within the cell. Furthermore, the R1441G PD variant located within a mutational hotspot in the Roc domain showed an increased catalytic efficiency. The most common PD variant G2019S, located in the kinase domain showed an increased K
M
and reduced catalytic efficiency, suggesting a negative feedback mechanism from the kinase domain to the G domain. Auto-phosphorylation of the G1+2 residue (T1343) in the Roc P-loop motif is critical for this phosphoregulation of both the K
M
as well as the k
cat
values of the Roc-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis, most likely by changing the monomer-dimer equilibrium. Together our data reveal a novel intramolecular feedback regulation of the LRRK2 Roc G-domain by a LRRK2 kinase dependent mechanism. Interestingly, PD mutants differently change the kinetics of the GTPase cycle, which might in part explain the difference in penetrance of these mutations in PD patients.
Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma
Authors: Amason Megan E. , Harvest Carissa K. , Beatty Cole J. , Saban Daniel R. , Miao Edward A.
Published: April 2024

Granulomas are defined by the presence of organized layers of immune cells that include macrophages. Granulomas are often characterized as a way for the immune system to contain an infection and prevent its dissemination. We recently established a mouse infection model where
Chromobacterium violaceum
induces the innate immune system to form granulomas in the liver. This response successfully eradicates the bacteria and returns the liver to homeostasis. Here, we sought to characterize the chemokines involved in directing immune cells to form the distinct layers of a granuloma. We use spatial transcriptomics to investigate the spatial and temporal expression of all CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors within this granuloma response. The expression profiles change dynamically over space and time as the granuloma matures and then resolves. To investigate the importance of monocyte-derived macrophages in this immune response, we studied the role of CCR2 during
C. violaceum
infection.
Ccr2
−/−
mice had negligible numbers of macrophages, but large numbers of neutrophils, in the
C. violaceum
-infected lesions. In addition, lesions had abnormal architecture resulting in loss of bacterial containment. Without CCR2, bacteria disseminated and the mice succumbed to the infection. This indicates that macrophages are critical to form a successful innate granuloma in response to
C. violaceum
.A successful innate granuloma requires CCR2 to organize the macrophage ring, and without CCR2, mice succumb to
Chromobacterium violaceum
infection.
A Decoupling method using Split Ring Resonator (SRR) for Tri-band MIMO Antenna for WLAN LTE Band and 5G applications
Authors: Malathi A. C. J. , Reddy B. V. K. , Phanindra K. R.
Published: April 2024

MIMO antenna design has always been a topic of interest in wireless technology. Although it has many benefits, the key challenge is to minimize mutual coupling between antenna elements. This study presents a decoupling technique between two tri-band antennas for LTE, WLAN, and 5G applications. For 3.5GHz, a monopole is initially created; the other two resonant frequencies are produced by changing the partial ground plane. Then, a MIMO antenna system is created using two tri-band monopoles. The resonators of low band can minimize the mutual coupling for two higher bands by suppressing surface wave propagation. Finally, coupling is reduced in the low band by using a Split Ring Resonator (SRR) to cancel out the original coupling. The reported MIMO antenna spans the 2.4/5.8GHz WLAN and LTE bands, as well as the 3.5 GHz 5G bands, with a mutual coupling of less than -18 dB.
Assessment of the Need for Training in Clinical Pharmacology Research on Traditional Medicine among Modern Medicine Practitioners: A Questionnaire-based Study
Authors: Kamat Sandhya K , Marathe Padmaja A , Kesari Harshad V , Eldhose Merin , Aithal Yashoda , Rege Nirmala N , Kshirsagar Nilima A
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Training young doctors is essential for carrying out need-based research. The field of Traditional Medicine (TM) has made significant contributions to modern medicine, and there is unlimited scope for exploring it further in search of improved treatment options. However, there is a lack of systematic research studies on traditional medicines. It was, therefore, considered necessary to assess the interest and awareness among modern medicine practitioners regarding Traditional Medicine Research (TMR). Aim: To assess the need for training in TMR among modern medicine practitioners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from March 2020 to September 2020 among modern medicine practitioners from the Western region of India. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data regarding the level of training in research methodology, research experience including TMR, areas for training, attitude towards training in TMR, challenges in TMR, and therapeutic areas to focus TMR efforts. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 109 participants, 96 (88.1%) were trained in research methodology. At least one research project was undertaken by 91 (83.5%) participants. Ninety-seven percent of participants felt that TMR was necessary. TMR was conducted by 19 (17.4%) participants. Approximately 65 (59.6%) participants felt that conducting TMR poses challenges such as lack of funds, infrastructure, lack of belief in TM, unavailability of literature pertaining to TM, lack of expertise, and lack of corporate attention and marketing. Therapeutic areas identified to focus research efforts included lifestyle-related disorders, diabetes mellitus, cancer, ageing, allergic disorders, osteoarthritis, and obesity. Conclusion: All the participants expressed the need to undergo training in TMR. However, the experience of conducting TMR was limited. Lack of funds, infrastructure, and expertise were mentioned as the main hurdles in undertaking TMR. It is essential to conduct systematic and need-based training programs for modern medicine practitioners in basic research methodology and TMR.
Comparative Study of Fetomaternal Outcome in Abruptio Placenta and Placenta Previa
Authors: Islam Farhana , Afzal Shahid Hossain Md. Nur , Haider Rina , Karim Farhana , Yesmin Sayeda Farzana
Published: April 2024

Background: Abruptio placenta and placenta previa are obstetric complications associated with significant risks for both the fetus and the mother, potentially leading to severe hemorrhage, preterm birth, and maternal shock. Early detection and prompt medical intervention are crucial for optimizing outcomes and reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the maternal and perinatal outcomes of APH cases due to placenta previa and abruptio placenta.

Methods: This prospective study conducted at Ad Din Akij Medical College, Boyra, Khulna July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, included 150 APH cases, with 109 meeting inclusion criteria for comparison between placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Data collection encompassed  maternal demographics, obstetric history, severity of hemorrhage, and neonatal outcomes. Diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation and ultrasound. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel.

Results: In our Study, the distribution of causes of placental issues reveals that Placenta Previa accounts for the majority, comprising 71.55% of cases, while Abruptio Placentae represents 28.44% of instances. Placenta Previa predominantly affects individuals aged 26-30 years and over 35 years, with the highest occurrence among those with 2 pregnancies. Conversely, Abruptio Placentae shows a varied distribution across age groups, with the highest incidence among those aged 31-35 years and with gravidity of 1 pregnancy. Gestationally, the majority of Abruptio Placentae cases present between 31-33 weeks, while Placenta Previa cases peak at 34-36.6 weeks. Preterm births are prevalent in both conditions, with Placenta Previa leading in preterm deliveries. Placenta Previa is associated with a history of abortion and dilation and curettage (D&C), while hypertension is a significant risk factor for Abruptio Placentae. Maternal complications include anemia, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and shock, with Placenta Previa being associated with anemia and PPH, while Abruptio Placentae correlated with shock.

Conclusion: Placenta previa emerged as the primary cause of APH, affecting multiparous women, while abruptio placenta correlated with hypertension and primigravida. Both conditions posed significant risks of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention.