bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Joint Forest Management on Socio-economic development of rural people: A case study in Shumeriyal and Doban villages of Kamaraj Forest Division, Kupwara (J&K)
Authors: Razvi Sajad , Agarwal Rashmi , Bhat Ajaz , Aziem Showket , Bhat Jahangeer , Rather M. , Shah Ishtiyaq
Published: February 2022

All forest land area in Jammu and Kashmir is State owned and are under the technical and administrative control of the State Forest Department. The department is, therefore, managing these forests in the interest of the State. The State interest has too often been expressed as an extension of the policies of the State and Central Govt. which usually focus on exploitation of these forests for the overall development of the State, as a result of which the local communities which inhabit the forest under exploitation are marginalized. Participatory Forest Management got its formal shape in the year 1990. A need has arise to evaluate the impact of this management tool. 58 VFCs are functioning both with the Social Forestry projects and the territorial wings of the forest departments for the rehabilitation of the forest land of Kupwara District. A study was taken up in Shumeriyal and Doban Village committees to assess the impact of Joint Forest Management on the socio-economic development of rural people and to identify the prime ingredients of this programme responsible for bringing about the desired change. It was observed that the household income has considerable increased due to alternative job opportunities, agriculture production has increased, reduction in distance travelled and time spent for fuelwood and fodder collection and institution building and other constructions (Entry point activities) has paved the way for sustainability of the whole process. For the present study, the two VFCs selected, one VFC (Shumeriyal) which is only 6 kms from the district headquarter Kupwara having the population of 5800 souls and the another VFC (Doban) which is near about 60 kms away from the district headquarter having population of 2740 souls. During the present study it was observed that the Shumeriyal village is more developed than that of Doban village due to proper transport facilities, communication facilities, land productivity, drainage system, education and employment, During the present study it was observed that the forest villages which are near to the District headquarter are well developed than those areas which are far beyond the District headquarter.
Diversity, Population structure and Regeneration of Tree species in Malai Mahadeswara hills, Eastern Ghats of Karnataka, India
Authors: Babu M.V. , Rao Boyina
Published: February 2022

The study examined the diversity, population structure and regeneration of trees species in the Malai Mahadeshwara Hills, Eastern Ghats of Karnataka. For purpose of the study, the hilly zone is stratified into 18 grids of 6.25×6.25km and tree enumeration was done in belt transects of 1000×5m, each laid in a grid. A total of 5, 919 trees individuals were recorded from the sampling sites with mean value 329 ± 73.79 and with a range of 182-471 individuals per grid. These individuals belong to 84 species, 67 genera and 35 families. The species richness was ranged from 8 to 42 species per sampling unit. Shannon index for trees ranged from 1.85-3.25 with mean value of 2.675 ± 0.409, for seedlings 0.93-2.22 and 0.74-2.07 for saplings. The mean basal area is 13.68 ± 7.95 m2ha-1 ranging from as low of 3.33 to maximum 34.11 m2ha-1. Level of disturbance in the sampling sites influenced the tree population structure and stand quality in the forest. The illicit cutting should be curtailed for protecting the seedlings as well as saplings.
Pengaruh Pemasaran Online Dan Minat Pelanggan Terhadap Peningkatan Laba Kharisma Studio
Authors: Setyowati Lisa
Published: February 2022

This study aims to find out how much influence online marketing and customer interest have in influencing the increase in Kharisma Studio's profits. The type of research conducted is quantitative with the research methods of Validity, Reliability, Classical Assumptions, Multiple Linear Regression, T and F Tests. The data studied were taken using a survey method, using a questionnaire as an instrument of data collection through Google Form. In determining the sample the author uses a simple random sampling technique questionnaire. The respondents were 80 people who had met the specified answer criteria. Based on this research, it is stated that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. There is a significant effect between online marketing and customer interest on increasing profits. The result of the contribution of online marketing and customer interest to the increase in profit is 59.3% or 0.593. Where according to the interpretation table the coefficient of determination is included in the medium category.
The Influence Of Social Media Marketing, Hedonic Shopping Motivation And Electronic Word Of Mouth Towards Impulse Purchases For Shopee’s Customers In Medan
Authors: Candice Candice
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to research regarding the impacts that social media marketing, hedonic shopping motivation and electronic word of mouth has to a Shopee customer’s impulse purchases. The method applied in this study is quantitative and data will be collected by providing online to Shopee’s customers located in Medan, Indonesia. Convenience sampling method will be used and the sample will be distributed to whom the writer can easily distribute to. From the questionnaires distributed, 97 respondent’s data were obtained and they will be processed with the SPSS statistical software program. Result shows that only hedonic shopping motivation will significantly impact the impulse purchases made by Shopee customers in Medan while the others will not much impact to impulse purchases.
Penanganan Covid-19 Oleh Pemerintah Samoa Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Human Security
Authors: Sinaga Melpayanty , Leony Virgin
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to explain the handling of covid-19 by the government of Samoa from the perspective of human security. This study uses qualitative research methods and data collection through literature studies from books, journals, newspapers and news sources. The results of the study are that the handling of Samoa's handling of the Samoan virus is known as preparedness, policies in the land and sea transportation sector, following standard health protocols, learning from the experience of failing to handle the Spanish flu and measles outbreaks. The role of the Samoan government, the ministry of health as well as Miss Samoa community leaders have had a major impact in preventing the spread of COVID-19. This has resulted in the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in Samoa being not confirmed or the number infected with this virus being 0 (zero).
Pengaruh Metode Self Direct Video Dan Simulasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) Pada Relawan
Authors: Wahyuningsih Indri , Rifa’i Vita Amilia , Herlianita Risa , Pratiwi Indah Dwi
Published: February 2022

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims, >40% were handled by non-professionals who performed less than optimal CPR. To improve the knowledge and skills of helpers, namely providing education through self-directed videos and simulations. Objectives: To identify knowledge and skills in the management of cardiac arrest using self-direct video methods and simulations of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) on Volunteers. Methods: This type of research is an experiment using a one-group prepost-test. The sample is 15 respondents with purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires and observation sheets. Results: There was a significant difference in knowledge (Sig. 0.004) and there was no significant difference in CPR skills in adult and infant victims (0.083).
Perancangan Sistem Data Keuangan Dan Pendaftaran Member Pada Vanlino Gym Menggunakan Visual Basic 2010
Authors: Tehuayo Haris , Martani Ahmad , Perdana Ayu Lestari
Published: February 2022

Designing a Financial Data System and Member Registration at Vanlino Gym Using Visual Basic 2010. This study aims to design and test a financial data system and member registration at Vanlino Gym using Visual Basic 2010. This study uses the type of research and development (Research and Development). The results of this study indicate an information system at Vanlino Gym in which there is information on prospective member profiles, member data, transaction data, category data and cashier data making transactions. Implement a member data information system at Vanlino Gym by installing this application on the admin computer so that it runs according to the results of the information system design that has been created and displays all transaction data and Vanlino Gym members on the member data menu.
Penerapan Upah Sistem Bagi Hasil Dan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja
Authors: Siagian Ade Onny
Published: February 2022

Reducing unemployment and then creating productive jobs are the two biggest barriers in most developing countries. However, the achievements of the two programs face a dilemma. On the one hand, broad job creation leads to a decrease in labor compensation. On the other hand, increasing labor compensation implies that employers will change their production techniques to be capital intensive (i.e. lay off their workers). This study tests the hypothesis that workers whose compensation packages contain a profit-sharing component are less prone to being laid off in the face of negative shocks to product demand than workers who are paid a fixed time-based wage. The theory is tested on macroeconomic data, particularly on two selected manufacturing industries in Indonesia. The estimation results show that the profit sharing meets the theoretical requirements to stabilize employment. This means that profit sharing can be considered as a means to combat unemployment.
Analisa Pemakaian Alat Kesehatan Pada Rumah Sakit Menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Nurdin Hafis , Sobari Irwan Agus , Sudibyo Aji , Wijonarko Bambang , Handono Felix Wuryo , Asra Taufik
Published: February 2022

Medical devices are items that are needed in the medical world. Because too many types of medical devices are used, a comparison was made to choose medical devices that are often used in hospitals, especially by operating room (OT) nurses. So a research was made using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. AHP is an alternative for making decisions that have several goals or criteria. To complete the input, it is assisted by the Expert Choice 11 application. From the results of data processing, it is concluded that for the use of medical devices that are often used in hospitals, there are several influencing factors, namely packaging, quality, usage and indications. While the medical devices that are often used are Pencil Couter, Grounding Plate, Syringe and Gloves.
Hubungan Antara Kecerdasaan Spiritual Dengan Perilaku Merundung Pada Remaja SMP Al Irsyad Cilacap
Authors: Suprihatiningsih Trimeilia , Maryanti Dwi , Ariani Ida
Published: February 2022

Bullying is a type of conduct disorder and antisocial behavior that makes the group of children with the largest mental disorder. Spiritual factors or religiosity are also associated with juvenile delinquency. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and bullying behavior in adolescents at Al Irsyad Middle School, Cilacap. This research is a correlation research with cross sectional design. The sample in this study were students of class VIII and IX at SMP Al Irsyad Cilacap as many as 69 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data analysis used univariate test to determine the frequency distribution of each variable and bivariate using the Spearman-rank test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and bullying behavior in students (p value 0.000).
Apa Dampak Employee Engagement Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mitra Sarana Karya Bandung
Authors: Nurdini Ajeng , Firmansyah Yayan
Published: February 2022

Several previous studies have shown a relationship between employee engagement which has a positive effect on performance. This study aims to conduct a study related to the effect of employee engagement on employee performance at Kosipa MSK. The census sampling method was 33 employees. The data obtained is then processed using a causal model with the help of SmartPLS software. The results obtained that support the general theory of employee engagement where employee engagement affects employee performance by 43%, so there are still 57% of factors that affect the performance of other variables. This study provides suggestions for further researchers to expand the object of research and its longitudinal study in addition to that employee engagement can be a moderator variable to determine employee performance.
Tradisi Kungkuman Tugu Soeharto Dalam Perspektif Psikologi
Authors: Fitriyatinur Qurnia
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the shift in the value of the Kungkuman Tugu Suharto tradition in a psychological perspective. This research is elaborative with a qualitative approach. The sample used in this study were five subjects. Data collection techniques in this research by means of interviews. The results of this study indicate that the kungkum ritual at Tugu Soeharto currently has a transformation of social change with different meanings and goals. The kungkum ritual which was originally always associated with the means of seeking the "blessings" of Suharto's power and glory finally experienced a shift in meaning into a form of public trust where the kungkum tradition at the Soeharto Monument contains local wisdom that should be maintained in the effort to conserve the natural surroundings.
Analisis Mutu Dan Gizi Produk Biskuit Biji Nangka Sebagai Alternatif Makanan Pendamping Asi Pada Balita
Authors: Paramitha Dyah Ayu Pradnya
Published: February 2022

Biscuits are one of the processed food products made from wheat flour, biscuits are quite popular among the public. Biscuits are a type of pastry made from a hard dough, flat in shape, when broken, the cross section of the piece has a dense texture, can be high or low in fat. Biscuits are made from wheat flour which is added with other additives, such as sugar, eggs, margarine, and flavorings. Complementary foods of sufficient quality and quantity affect the physical growth and intelligence of children. Jackfruit seeds contain good carbohydrates and calories when consumed by humans, especially for children during their growth period such as toddlers.
Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan yang Bersumber dari Masyarakat untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Madrasah Aliyah di Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Maman Ujang , Trisnamansyah Sutaryat , Sulastini Rita
Published: February 2022

Pembiayaan merupakan salah satu komponen yang sangat menentukan terlaksananya kegiatan di lembaga pendidikan yang selayaknya harus dikelola secara efektif, teratur dan terencana agar dapat dipergunakan secara benar, tepat sasaran, dan sesuai kebutuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami tentang perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat, serta solusi dalam manajemen pembiayaan pendidikan yang bersumber dari masyarakat di madrasah Aliyah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pembiayaan pendidikan yang bersumber dari masyarakat sering terkendala dengan permasalahan kurang transparansi para pengelola keuangan madrasah dalam manajemen keuangan madrasah dari mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan, sampai dengan evaluasi. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pendanaan pembiayaan pendidikan rendah, peran masyarakat perlu ditingkatkan dengan lebih banyak melibatkan masyarakat dalam proses manajemen pembiayaan sehingga peningkatan kinerja madrasah dapat terwujud dengan nyata.
Pengelolaan Laboratorium IPA untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Peserta Didik (Studi Kasus di MTS Negeri 1 Garut dan MTS Cilawu Nurul Amin)
Authors: Rostiyana Ferra Nurdianti , Sanusi Achmad , Iriantara Yosal
Published: February 2022

Tujuan secara umum penelitian ini untuk memperoleh gambaran yang jelas mengenai pengelolaan laboratorium di MTs Negeri 1 Garut dan MTs Cilawu Nurul Amin. Tujuan secara khusus penelitian ini ingin mendeskripsikan tentang; (1) Perencanaan, (2) Pengorganisasian, (3) Pelaksanaan, (4) Pengawasan dan (5) Faktor-faktor pendukung serta penghambat dalam pengelolaan laboratorium IPA  untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran peserta didik di MTs Negeri 1 dan MTs Nurul Amin Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode naturalistik, subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, waka bidang sarana prasarana. Koordinator laboratorium dan Guru mata pelajaran IPA. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara obsevasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Kesimpulan menunjukan bahwa Pengelolaan laboratorium IPA di MTs Negeri 1 Garut dan MTs Cilawu sudah memadai dan dilaksanakan dengan baik. Semua tahap pengelolaan yang mencakup perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan telah dilaksanakan. Ini menunjukan bahwa Kepala madrasah, wakil sarana prasarana, koordinator laboratorium IPA dan Guru IPA telah melakukan tugasnya sebagai pengelola laboratorium IPA dengan optimal, walaupun masih menghadapi berbagai kendala seperti minimnya pendanaan terhadap laboratorium IPA.
Strategi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan Metode Dirosah Aqil Baligh (Dirab) dalam Mengembalikan Fitrah Seksual Remaja
Authors: Syarifudin Nurhayati , Slamet M. Ubaidillah Alghifary , Rena Syahida
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang kajian terhadap strategi pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dengan metode dirosah aqil baligh (Dirab) dalam mengembalikan fitrah seksual remaja dengan studi kasus peserta didik SMA Negeri 1 Setu Kabupaten Bekasi. Telah terjadi penyimpangan disposisi seksual remaja di tengah-tengah masyarakat yang telah dilakukan secara terbuka dan wajar, seperti pacaran, seks di luar nikah (zina), aborsi, dan lain-lain. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyak faktor antara lain kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pendidikan seks yang benar di antara mereka, pornografi dan besarnya pengaruh budaya asing di Indonesia. Di sinilah pentingnya meluncurkan strategi pembelajaran PAI dengan metode DIRAB untuk mengembalikan fitrah seksual mereka agar sesuai dengan Islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen yang menguji pengaruh variabel-variabel tertentu dalam kelompok yang dikontrol ketat. Dengan teknik penulisan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa realitas perilaku seksual menyimpang yang dilakukan siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Bekasi disebabkan karena kurangnya kedekatan dengan nilai-nilai agama, kurangnya peran orang tua, menonton dan membaca, tata rias dan gaya berpakaian yang tidak sesuai dengan Islam, pergaulan yang salah, dan kurangnya pengetahuan pendidikan seks. Penerapan metode DIRAB terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan siswa hingga 25%, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai rata-rata sebelum perlakuan 74 dan nilai sesudahnya menjadi 91.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Kitab Akhlak Li Al-Banin Karya Umar Bin Ahmad Baraja
Authors: Khamzah  , Jaenuri
Published: February 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi nilai-nilai pendidikan akhlak dalam Kitab Akhlak Li Al-Banin Karya Umar Bin Ahmad Baraja di Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Hardosutaman Dukuh Butuh Desa Gedongan Kecamatan Plupuh Kabupaten Sragen. Adapun alasan pemilihan tempat di Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Hardosutaman karena Pondok Pesantren menamamkan nilai-nilai akhlak pada santri. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan peneliti adalah library research (kepustakaan) yaitu dengan cara melakukan penelitian terhadap sumber-sumber tertulis. Pengajaran nilai-nilai pendidikan akhlak dalam  kitab Akhlak Li Al-Banin di Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Hardosutaman, yaitu dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang bervariasi, yakni dengan metode Sorogan metode ini menggunakan pembelajaran kitab dengan cara santri menghadap ustadznya seorang demi seorang dengan membawa kitab yang akan dipelajarinya. Halaqah metode ini menggunakan sistem pengajaran yang baik dan terlatih dengan sistem ustadz membacakan teks kitab sedang santri mendengarkan dan menyimak penjelasan langsung dari ustadznya yang sedang mengajar. Bandongan metode bandongan adalah metode yang paling utama di lingkungan Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Hardosutaman, suatu metode pengajaran dengan cara guru membacakan, menterjemahkan, dan menerangkan.
Pengaruh Implementasi Direct Method Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Teks Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas VII G MTs PPMI Assalaam Sukoharjo
Authors: Bacharudin Sugiharto  , Muhammad Yasin
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi direct method terhadap peningkatan kemampuan membaca teks bahasa Arab. Jenis penelitian berupa penelitian korelasional kuantitatif merupakan penelitian yang melibatkan kegiatan pengumpulan data untuk menentukan adakah hubungan dan derajat hubungan antara beberapa variabel. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu guru Bahasa Arab kelas VII G MTs PPMI Assalaam Sukoharjo, Data yang didapatkan dilakukan dengan wawancara pada guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab kelas VII G di MTs PPMI Assalaam Sukoharjo. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan teknik analisa korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi Direct Method menurut bobot jawaban (a) nilai 3 masuk kriteria sangat baik, jawaban (b) nilai 2 masuk kriteria baik dan jawaban (c) nilai 1 masuk kriteria rendah. Maka nilai yang didapat adalah sangat baik, karena memperoleh nilai tertinggi 49,66%. Selain itu peningkatan kemampuan membaca teks bahasa Arab adalah baik, karena menunjukkan persenan nilai yaitu 78,6 Nilai Bahasa Arab siswa bagi karakter yang akan muncul di dalam diri siswa. Sementara itu penelitian menunjukkan pula bahwa tidak ada pengaruh implementasi direct method terhadap peningkatan kemampuan membaca teks bahasa Arab.
DIMENSI-DIMENSI FILSAFAT DALAM AL-QUR’AN (I’ja>z al-Qur’a>n dalam Pentas Hegemoni Epistemologi Modern)
Authors: Mistar Jatim
Published: February 2022

Al-Qur’an merupakan mukjizat teragung yang diturunkan Allah Swt. kepada Nabi Muhammad Saw. dan menjadi pedoman hidup umat Islam. Al-Qur’an tidak hanya memuat serangkaian hukum-hukum agama atau pedoman-pedoman praktis dalam memenuhi kebutuhan relegius dan moralitas semata, namun, juga mengandung nilai-nilai filosofis sekaligus teoritis yang membantu memberikan understanding, expalanation dan prediction. Dalam al-Qur’an ada beberapa istilah yang digunakan Allah Swt. untuk memotivasi manusia dalam meneliti dan mengkaji ciptaan-Nya, seperti kata al-naz}r (indra), al-aql (akal) dan al-qalb (hati). Ketiga kata ini, dalam dunia filsafat menjadi konsep epistemologi keilmuan yang dikenal dengan istilah ovservasi (al-naz}r), burha>ni> (al-aql) dan intuitif (al-qalb).Kata Kunci: I’ja>z, al-Qur’an, epistemologi dan falsafah.
Konsep Tawakkal Perspektif Hamka Telaah Semantik Ayat Tawakkal Dalam Tafsir al-Azhar Surah Ali ‘Imran Ayat 159
Authors: Heryanto Agus
Published: February 2022

ويثبت هذا البحث أن معنى التوكل حسب هامكا من وجهة نظر دلاليّة في سورة ال عمران آية 159 هو: الاستسلام ، والاتكال على الله ، واليقين (لا تترددوا), والرضا (كل مخاطر), و الاعتزام (قوة القلب).

نتيجة أخرى تتعلق بمفهوم التوكل من الناحية المعرفية حسب هامكا هي تسليم قرار كل الجهود والمساعي إلى إله الكون. يجب أن يتماشى التوكل مع المساعي ، ويجب أن يكون مصحوباً بالامتنان والصبر. لذلك ، فإن التوكل هو قمة الإيمان. وبعبارة أخرى ، فإن مفهوم التوكل بالنسبة لحمكة هو توحيد الجهود والخضوع لله سبحانه وتعالى في مجمله لأن البشر ضعفاء ويحتاجون إلى الاعتماد على الله تعالى. وبالمثل ، فإن التوكل هو عملية تقديم القرارات بكل الأمور والجهود والمساعي إلى الله سبحانه وتعالى ، ويجب أن يكون هناك إحساس بالقناعة في كل من يتوكل ، أي أن الله وحده مكان للاستسلام.

تم إجراء هذا البحث باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بثلاث مراحل :اولا, تصف وتحلل مفهوم التوكل من الناحية الدلالية حسب حمكا في سورة ال عمران الآية 159 ,ثانيًا ، وصف وتحليل مفهوم التوكل المعرفي, ثالثًا، وصف وتحليل علاقة التوكل بالحياة العصرية.

الكلمات المفتاحية: توكل ، تفسير الأزهر ، وصلاحية فى حياة العصرية
Enforcement of Arbitration Awards in India
Authors: Kachwaha Sumeet
Published: February 2022

A jurisdiction?s credibility as an arbitration friendly one rests primarily on the efficiency and efficacy of its award enforcement regime. This article examines the award enforcement regime in India.
Choice of Law Rules Applicable For International Arbitration Agreements
Authors: Choi Dongdoo
Published: February 2022

The unsettled choice of law issues for preliminary challenges to international arbitration agreements not infrequently spark disputes over the disputes resolution mechanism. This article will examine the efficacy of the traditional choice of law rules widely used in leading jurisdictions covering popular arbitration seats to determine the law for substantive validity of arbitration agreements, i.e., the implied intent test and the closest connection test. Noting these tests fail to produce consistent and predictable results, this study will suggest a practical solution built on a faithful construction of the New York Convention. In addition, the article will briefly discuss about the New York Convention’s form requirements and the choice of law rules applicable to formal validity of arbitration agreements under the UNCITRAL Model Law.
The Utility of Carve-Out Clauses In Addressing Regulatory Concerns In Investment Treaty Arbitration
Authors: Ahn Taejoon
Published: February 2022

Investment treaty arbitration has been savaged for posing a threat to regulatory authority of host states. In this atmosphere, this paper examines the nature of the regulatory concerns that opponents of investment treaty arbitration have raised against investment treaty arbitration. Assuming that the regulatory concerns are derived from uncertainty and unpredictability lying at the heart of the current investment treaty arbitration regime, this paper discusses the pertinence and utility of carve-out clauses to alleviate the regulatory concerns in light of legal certainty and predictability. The carve-out clauses in regard to sensitive matters are expected to function as effective instruments to address the regulatory concerns in terms of legal certainty, predictability and political acceptability.
Judicial Review of Arbitral Award in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Ikram
Published: February 2022

This paper enquires into the standards employed by Pakistani courts to review arbitral award. Although, domestic and foreign awards are administrated by two discrete legal regimes, the question is how the nationality of award is determined. This differentiation in the nationality of arbitral award, in turn, calls forth the application of distinct rules for domestic and foreign awards in case the award debtor wants to impeach the validity or enforceability of award when award creditor has not yet committed the award for enforcement. Similarly, different limitation periods bear on domestic and foreign award to delve if their enforcement is time bared. But this divergence in treatment based on the foreign and domestic nature of award does not lead to a differentiation in judicial review of award since Pakistani courts review both kinds of awards with same intensity.
Third-Party Funding in International Commercial Arbitration and its Impact on Independence of Arbitrators: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Mansinghka Varun
Published: February 2022

Third-party funding is becoming an increasingly common feature of international arbitration. Despite its increasing prevalence in both commercial as well as investorstate arbitration, currently there is no regulatory framework for third-party funding. In fact, many jurisdictions still consider third-party funding as equivalent to the tort of champerty or violative of the state’s public policy. Even though the involvement of a third-party funder can have serious implications for inter alia the prospects of settlement, independence of arbitrators, allocation of costs and security for costs; no national, international or institutional legal instrument requires mandatory disclosure of third-party funding. While some recent efforts have been made to mandate disclosure of third-party funding, these efforts are restricted to disclosure of funding in certain specifi c factual circumstances only. This paper discusses the question of validity of third party funding in leading common law jurisdictions and compares the same to the position in India. Further, the paper highlights the need for mandatory disclosure of third-party funding, focussing on funding’s potential impact on independence of arbitrators. Finally, the paper proposes a disclosure model which preserves independence of arbitrators while safeguarding the interest of all the stakeholders, including the funders.
Scope of Arbitrability of Disputes from the Indian Perspective
Authors: Anukaran Sai
Published: February 2022

Arbitration essentially involves ouster of jurisdiction of civil courts by mutual consent of the parties in lieu of jurisdiction conferred upon a specific set of persons known as arbitrators to adjudicate the dispute. International Arbitral Standards require the states to keep their National Arbitral Legislation open-ended without limiting the scope of arbitrability of disputes, providing grounds only for setting aside of arbitral awards in violation of the Public Policy of the country. Thus, the interpretation of ‘Scope of arbitrability’ is left to the determination of the courts. The instant article explores the meaning of term ‘arbitrability of disputes’ and discusses the ‘Scope of arbitrability of disputes’ in Indian Perspective. The article critically analyses the case of Booz Allen and Hamilton Inc. v. SBI Home Finance Ltd., wherein the Supreme court for the first time evolved test of arbitrability of disputes and further enumerated an illustrative list of disputes, which are incapable of being decided by arbitration. The article then maps the evolution of tests of arbitrability by various courts based on the Judgement of the Supreme Court and critically analyses them.
Enforcement Of International Mediated Settlement Agreements In Asia: A Path Towards Convergence
Authors: Chua Eunice
Published: February 2022

In 2014, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (‘UNCITRAL’) first considered a proposal for the development of a multilateral convention on the enforceability of international commercial settlement agreements reached through conciliation (defined to include mediation). The goal of this project was to encourage international mediation in the same way that the New York Convention facilitated the growth of arbitration. The work of UNCITRAL Working Group II has resulted in two instruments – the Singapore Convention on Mediation; and Model Law on International Commercial Mediation and International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation. In Asia, where continued growth of cross-border trade is expected, the potential for these UNICTRAL instruments to facilitate the resolution of cross-border commercial disputes and support economic growth is immense. With a focus on jurisdictions such as China, India, Hong Kong and Singapore, this article discusses the convention and amended model law, and examines how far down Asia is on the path towards convergence in the enforcement of international mediated settlement agreements.
Time To Loosen Up On Ad Hoc Arbitration In China?
Authors: Zhu Judy Li
Published: February 2022

While ad hoc arbitration is accepted in most jurisdictions as a non-institutional form of arbitration, the Chinese Arbitration Act does not recognize ad hoc arbitration and judicial practice shows a clear pro-institutional arbitration stance. A recent judicial opinion permitting ad hoc arbitration among enterprises incorporated within pilot free trade zones in China re-ignited some interest in formalizing its use. This article discusses the desirability and possibility of such a move.
Forecasting Energy Disputes in Asia
Authors: Bao Chiann , Chan Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Asia’s swift economic development has driven its demand for energy resources beyond historical limits. China and India together are expected to consume more than half of the world’s energy production and the rest of Asia continues to require significant resources. This article draws attention to the recent developments in Asia – the Belt and Road Initiative, (BRI), the expiring production sharing contracts (PSAs), the potential trend of increased gas-pricing disputes in the region, the drive to shed reliance on fossil fuels and the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in China – to suggest that a surge of energy disputes is not far in the horizon. Whether and how these disputes will eventually play out, such players in the energy industry place confidence in the mature dispute resolution infrastructure that exists within the Asian region.
The Semi-Autonomy of the Arbitral Legal Order
Authors: Adams Faadhil
Published: February 2022

The term arbitral legal order refers to the tapestry of conventions, model laws and guidelines that applies in the field of international arbitration and renders it a selfstanding community among the international legal order of States. This article discusses the allegiance owed by the arbitral community to States generally and the State in which it is seated more specifically. It takes as its point of departure that the growth in international arbitration merits a reconsideration of the international standing of the arbitral legal order. The article considers earlier viewpoints that argued for the total detachment of arbitration from State legal systems in terms of what is referred to as delocalization. It delves into the impact that such views have on the choice of law process and considers the possibility of this detachment against pluralistic and State sovereign perspectives. It comes to the conclusion that modern day arbitration is neither dependent on States nor independent from them but exists among them as a semi-autonomous community. The semi-autonomy derives from the idea that the international arbitral community is by and large afforded the freedom to regulate itself. It has the ability to create norms and to create international jurisprudence that is largely followed, regardless of the State in which the tribunal is seated. In this way the field is autonomous. This freedom is, however, restricted by the interests of States where certain countries can and sometimes do impose their will on the community in the form of legislation that restricts the freedom of the arbitral process. On the other hand the arbitral order is still in need of States, as it is only State machinery that can compel parties to comply with the arbitral process where a party chooses to attempt to escape the obligation imposed by the arbitral clause or choose to delay or subvert the arbitral process. The arbitral community is also dependent on State machinery for enforcement of its awards. In these cases, State assistance is not only welcomed but imperative. States have, however, gradually reduced impediments to arbitration through a pro-arbitral sentiment that is globally expressed.

The article thus concludes that a symbiosis exists between the international arbitral community and States more generally.

private international law, arbitration, delocalization, party autonomy, semi-autonomous social field, non-State law, harmonization, choice of law, party autonomy
Book Review: International Commercial and Investor-State Arbitration: Australia and Japan in Regional and Global Contexts, Luke Nottage. Edward Elgar Publishing. Cheltenham, UK 2021
Authors: Thong Eugene
Published: February 2022

international arbitration, domestic arbitration, remission, partial remission, suspension of proceedings, Article 34(4) of UNCITRAL Model Law, arbitral tribunal, judicial intervention, powers of arbitrators, modified award, Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996, curability, International Arbitration Act, Singapore Arbitration Act, resumption, fresh evidence.
Efficacy and constituents of locally formulated anti-arthritic remedy produced from coconut oil and Sida acuta
Authors: JT Johnson , IC Kalu
Published: February 2022

Medicinal plants have been utilized since antiquity in the treatment and management of epidemics, pandemics and plethora of illnesses including their usage in physical and manipulative medicine. The information’s on their healing properties and potentials has been handed down or transmitted from generations to generations through hundreds of years within and among human groups, cultures and traditions in folklore medicine without proper documentation. This study investigated the phytochemicals composition and efficacy/potency of locally prepared anti-arthritis remedy. Coconut oil and Sida acuta leaves were used for the formulation of the remedy. Sida acuta plant was collected at 6:00am, the leaves were removed and washed thoroughly with tap water and rinse with distilled water and dry in a shade for two weeks before being pulverized into fine powder. The coconuts were slide into pieces and blended into a paste, mixed with clean warm water and filtered, then poured into a pot to boil for about an hour, the coconut oil was obtained and allowed to cold before transmitted into air tight container. The coconut oil was poured into a clean pot and heated for five minutes, the pulverized Sida acuta leave was added to the heated coconut oil and allow to boil for few minutes until it turned greenish-black. The mixture was allowed to cold and then filtered with a new handkerchief or cheese clothes; the filtered oil was stored in a well labeled air-tight containers before being distributed to our volunteers with established cases of arthritis. The remedy was given to one hundred (100) already diagnosed patients with osteoarthritis for topical application/massage. The application was done twice daily for three (3) weeks and questionnaires were used as a tool to obtained feedback from our volunteer (Patients). The phytochemical result showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkanoids, saponins, terpenoids alongside many essential fatty acid/oils as shown by the GCMS result. The feedback from our tool used (questionnaires) showed that 65% of our volunteers reported complete disappearance of inflammations and its associated pains while 35% reported drastic reduction but slight pains and mild inflammations associated with arthritis still persist. This may have been as a result of the presence of various flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids etc alongside the presence of essential fatty acids/oils in the preparation as confirm by the GCMS result. Conclusively, from our labouratory screening and report/feedback from our four liked scale questionnaires, the locally made anti-arthritic remedy prove to be effective in reducing the pains and inflammation observed among arthritic patients and movement restored for those who could not move for a long time due to associated pains and inflammation(s).
ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE NEW NORMAL ERA TO DEVELOP LEARNING STRATEGIES
Authors: Redjeki Finny
Published: February 2022

The sudden emergence of the Covid-19 virus has caused changes in various aspects of our lives. These changes then lead to a new rule that needs to be followed by everyone, so this situation is referred to as the new normal. Human resource management has a vital role in life in the new normal and oversees various associations or institutions. In dealing with the new normal, various learning activities need to be changed so that the spread of the Covid-19 virus can be stopped or inhibited. Human resource management that oversees educational institutions needs to find new learning strategies. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach with secondary data sources. The study results indicate that the implementation of virtual learning guided by the teacher needs to be carried out with careful efforts, preparation, and debriefing to reduce errors that occur. Then, on the other hand, parents need to help and supervise their children in learning so that there is no laziness or cheating during exams at home. Through the role of teachers and parents, the value in the academic world can be upheld, so this strategy is considered appropriate in this new normal era.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Intelektual Terhadap Efektifitas Kerja Pegawai
Authors: Efendi Siregar Randuk
Published: February 2022

Kecerdasan intelektual (IQ) merupakan kemampuan individu untuk memberikan respon yang tepat terhadap stimulus yang diterimanya. Bagaimanaseseorang itu mampu beranalogi secara baik, serta mampu berimajinasi serta memiliki kreasi dan inovasi yang baik. Pengumpulan data dengan pendekatankuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan angket kepada 53 orang responden setiap responden menjawab 10 pertanyaan. Kemudiandilakukan beberapa pengujian, dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan Variabel kecerdasan intelektual secara parsial ada pengaruh signifikan terhadapefektivitas kerja pegawai dalam bekerja di Balai Diklat Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Wilayah I Medan.
El acompañamiento de hijos y familiares a la consulta médica no constituye un deber inexcusable de carácter público y personal que genere permiso retribuido
Authors: Viqueira Pérez Carmen
Published: February 2022

Al hilo del análisis de la licitud de la normativa empresarial acerca del disfrute de las vacaciones y los permisos, la sentencia resuelve que el acompañamiento a los servicios sanitarios de determinados familiares (menores y familiares no autosuficientes) no constituye para el trabajador el cumplimiento de un deber inexcusable de carácter público y personal y, por ende, no genera el permiso regulado en el art. 37.3.d ET.

Summary: In line with the analysis of the legality of the entrepreneurial regulations about the enjoyment of vacation and permissions, the judgment resolves that the accompaniment of certain family members (minors and non-self-sufficient family members) to the health services does not constitute for the worker an inexcusable public and personal duty and, therefore, does not generate the permission regulated in art. 37.3 ET.
Las familias monoparentales tienen derecho a la misma prestación por nacimiento y cuidado de hijos que las familias biparentales. Las normas deben velar por la protección del menor, lo que no cuadra con el diseño de un derecho individual e intransferible de cada progenitor
Authors: Ballester Pastor Inmaculada
Published: February 2022

La reforma operada por el Real Decreto 6/2019, de 1 de marzo, sobre la prestación por nacimiento y cuidado de hijos trae consigo una previsión novedosa para fomentar la corresponsabilidad: el subsidio es de cada progenitor, y son prestaciones independientes e intransferibles. Tal previsión perjudica a las familias monoparentales, quienes no pueden adicionar su prestación a la que correspondería al otro progenitor.

The reform operated by Royal Decree 6/2019, of March 1, on the benefit for birth and childcare brings with it a new provision, to promote joint responsibility: the subsidy is for each parent, and they are independent and non-transferable benefits. Such a provision harms single-parent families, who can,t add their benefit to that which would correspond to the other parent.
Problem Solving Mengatasi Kejenuhan Belajar Mandiri Dengan Teknik Afirmasi Untuk Remaja Masjid Al Barkah Desa Cidokom
Authors: Yuangga Kharisma Danang , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Septiani Yeni , Irmal Irmal , Halomoan Yan Kristian
Published: February 2022

Afirmasi adalah sebuah pernyataan positif yang kita tuangkan kedalam tulisan maupun pikiran bawah sadar, dugunakan oleh seseorang untuk menyatakan tujuan. Afirmasi ini dapat dimasukkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran terutama untuk mengatasi masalah belajar. Kuncinya adalah siswa harus memiliki pikiran yang positif dan tidak bertentangan dengan belief atau kepercayaan yang ada dalam diri. Afirmasi dapat berbentuk doa yang diucapkan secara berulang ulang yang ditanamkan kedalam pikiran bawah sadar, sehingga tubuhpun merespon sesuai dengan yang diperintahkan. Kejenuhan belajar dapat menurunkan semangat belajar dan pikiran negatif dalam diri siswa, sehingga mulai dari persiapan, proses hingga hasil belajar akan menemukan kendala. Sehingga kegiatan pengabdian kepada massyarakat ini penting untuk dilaksanakan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama tiga hari secara offline di Masjid Al Barkah Cidokom Bogor.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Manajemen Keuangan dan Pembukuan Sederhana
Authors: Utomo Devit Setyo , Rizaldi Dzaky , Hadi Eko Novianto Nugroho , Haryanto Haryanto , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: February 2022

Perkembangan UMKM hanya bisa dilihat dari segi jumlah. Secara umum, khususnya dalam aspek keuangan, hanya beberapa UMKM yang mengalami kemajuan dalam kinerja keuangannya. Hal ini tidak lepas dari kesadaran para pelaku UMKM tentang pentingnya mengelola keuangan perusahaan. Manajemen keuangan merupakan aspek penting bagi kemajuan perusahaan. Pengelolaan keuangan dapat dilakukan melalui Pengelolaan Keuangan. Manajemen Keuangan adalah proses sistematis untuk menghasilkan informasi keuangan yang dapat digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan bagi penggunanya. Selama UMKM masih menggunakan uang sebagai alat tukar, UMKM membutuhkan pengelolaan keuangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan pemanfaatan pengelolaan keuangan kepada UMKM sehingga dapat mendukung kemajuan UMKM khususnya dalam hal keuangan. Peningkatan laba juga dapat direncanakan dengan menggunakan Manajemen Keuangan. Dengan tingkat keuntungan yang semakin meningkat maka perkembangan UMKM akan semakin baik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif deskriptif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder yang berasal dari berbagai literatur, seperti buku ibu saya, jurnal/artikel dan halaman utama buku, untuk mengakses informasi keuangan terkini yang disederhanakan. dan informasi terkait.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA MELALUI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA UMKM DI DESA NGUJUNG TOYOMARTO KEC. SINGOSARI KAB. MALANG
Authors: Ardelina Putri
Published: February 2022

This research is a quantitative study using a Likert scale. The sample used was a total population of 36 sandal craftsmen. The statistical analysis used is path analysis, using SPSS 17 calculations. The objectives of this study are: i) To examine the effect of individual characteristics on business performance; ii) Test the effect of individual characteristics on entrepreneurship; iii) Test the effect of competence on business performance; iv) Test the effect of competence on entrepreneurship; v) Test the effect of individual characteristics on business performance through entrepreneurship; vi) Test the effect of competence on business performance through entrepreneurship; vii) Test the effect of entrepreneurship on business performance.The results showed that: (i) Individual characteristics did not significantly influence business performance; (ii) Individual characteristics do not significantly influence entrepreneurship; (iii) Competence has a significant effect on business performance; (iv) Competence has a significant effect on entrepreneurship; (v) Competence has a significant effect on business performance through entrepreneurship; (vi) Individual characteristics do not significantly influence business performance through entrepreneurship; (vii) Entrepreneurship influences business performance.