bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A institucionalização da assistência farmacêutica no município de Ananindeua, Pará
Authors: Torres Andréa Sarmento Figueiredo , Brito Michele Lima de , Costa Bruno Wesley Bezerra , Lima Gustavo Campos de , Soler Orenzio
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Contextualizar a adequação aos marcos regulatórios atuais, os vínculos com os instrumentos de governança, gestão e planejamento, estrutura e organização e ações, atividades e tarefas inerentes ao campo técnico-assistencial e técnico-gerencial da assistência farmacêutica no município de Ananindeua, Pará. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação, exploratória, descritiva e analítica realizada em 2019 e 2020. Resultado: Foram estruturadas e organizadas 17 Farmácias Distritais e 03 Farmácias Especializadas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, estratégicas para a acessibilidade e o acesso, contando com 51 farmacêuticos e com o gerenciamento do controle de estoque feito via Sistema Nacional de Gestão da Assistência farmacêutica (Sistema Hórus). Quanto a institucionalização da Assistência Farmacêutica, observou-se lacunas no cumprimento de práticas de governança, gestão, planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação da assistência farmacêutica, a exemplo de indicadores relacionados a gestão técnica da assistência farmacêutica, gestão clínica do medicamento e políticas setoriais. Conclusão: O município de Ananindeua, Pará, precisa consolidar o processo de institucionalização da assistência farmacêutica. Ainda há lacunas, tanto relacionadas aos componentes técnicos-gerenciais, quanto técnicos-assistenciais.
Bioprospecção do extrato de bromelina acrescida de ACP® na qualidade do sêmen caprino
Authors: Nascimento Wcleudem Matias , Texeira Letícia Soares de Araújo , Macêdo Laércio Fontinele Bandeira de , Porfírio Kenney de Paiva , Braga Clarissa de Castro e , Costa Sara Camila da Silveira , Silva Louis Henrique Miyauchi , Silva Francisca Kelly dos Santos , Aquino Elaine Nascimento , Corrêa José Raimundo , Mineiro Ana Lys Bezerra Barradas , Cardoso Janaina de Fátima Saraiva , Salgueiro Cristiane Clemente de Mello , Nunes José Ferreira , Amaral Fabrício Pires de Moura do , Paula Ney Rômulo de Oliveira , Vieira Rômulo José
Published: November 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do extrato de bromelina sobre a qualidade espermática, pós-descongelação na espécie caprina. Para tanto, foram utilizados cinco caprinos da raça Anglo Nubiana, com idade reprodutiva, clinicamente saudáveis. Foram realizadas colheitas de sêmen. Após a análise da concentração, o volume total do pool foi dividido em cinco grupos. Um pertencente ao grupo controle, composto de (ACP-101/102®) e quatro grupos experimentais com ACP-101/102® enriquecidos com extrato de bromelina nas concentrações de 5%; 10%; 15% e 20%. As amostras foram criopreservadas com auxílio do aparelho Tk3000®.  Após o período de sete dias as amostras foram descongeladas e submetidas a avaliações pelo sistema CASA. Termo resistência, sondas fluorescente, teste cometa e teste de análise ultraestrutural de espermatozoides por meio de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Na avaliação da cinética espermática pós-descongelação foi possível observar que os parâmetros motilidade espermática total, o grupo bromelina a 5%, se destacou dentre os demais, já na velocidade curvilínea e velocidade média da trajetória o grupo controle apresentou os melhores resultados. Quanto à integridade do DNA espermático as concentrações de bromelina (5%; 10%; 15% e 20%) não apresentaram diferença significativa em relação ao grupo controle, demonstrando que essa substância não apresenta genotoxicidade às células espermáticas. Na análise ultraestrutural o grupo bromelina a 5% demonstrou os melhores resultados. Nesse sentido, o extrato de bromelina adicionada a meios diluentes, visando à criopreservação, caracteriza-se como uma substância promissora, sobretudo da manutenção da integridade do DNA espermático. Contudo, mais estudos são necessários para a sua padronização.
Radioprotection in Dentistry: knowledge and practices
Authors: Torresan Thalía Tessaro , Rodrigues Isandra Caroline , Poletto Marina Caldas , Bringmann Deise Renata , Flores Isadora Luana , Gamba Thiago de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

The present study aimed to identify the knowledge and attitudes of dental surgeons regarding the guidelines contained in Ordinance SVS/MS No. 453, dated June 1, 1998, in force until the year 2019 and later replaced with Collegiate Board Resolution (RDC) No. 330/19. Our objective was to identify the practices of professionals working in the dental field regarding the knowledge of the essential criteria for performing periapical, interproximal, panoramic, cephalometric or even cone beam computed tomography imaging exams. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of 45 questions based on Administrative Rule 453/98, which addresses the requirements for the organization and operation of diagnostic radiology services. The questionnaire was sent to 150 dentists via institutional e-mail, and only 55 professionals returned it. The responses revealed that 64% of the dentists declared not to be aware of the guidelines of ordinance 453/98 and 49.1% did not know the basic principles of radioprotection. Regarding the norms related to the environment, including the use of a chronometer, thermometer and time-temperature table, the study revealed that 83.6% of the interviewees did not use such equipment and that 74.5% of them were not aware of the technical details ofthe equipment. Regarding radiographic films, 64.5% answered that they did not know their sensitivity, and 25.5% did not use them as a protective barrier during the exams. Finally, the study revealed that the professional practices adopted by dental surgeons are insufficient to meet the principle contained in ordinance 453/98 and in the RDC 330/19, regarding the exposure of patients to a radiation dose.
Avaliação dos métodos farmacológicos no Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA): a importância da medicação no tratamento em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Nascimento Geovanna Freitas Rocha , Silva Paula Eduarda Marinho da , Guedes João Paulo de Melo
Published: November 2021

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento, que começa a se apresentar antes dos três anos de idade, sendo também classificado como uma síndrome comportamental que dá origem a uma grande variedade de sintomas clínicos. O autismo não é uma doença única, mas um transtorno complexo do desenvolvimento, definido sob a perspectiva do comportamento, com múltiplas causas e variados graus de gravidade. A medicação é uma opção para reduzir um grande número de maus comportamentos. Quando os sintomas centrais incapacitam o desenvolvimento do indivíduo e previnem os efeitos de outras terapias como por exemplo a educação e terapia comportamental, medicamentos para sintomas específicos devem ser usados. Nas últimas décadas, a prevalência de pessoas com diagnóstico de autismo aumentou, indicando a necessidade de políticas públicas que atendam às necessidades dos pacientes e seus familiares. Neste contexto, o farmacêutico desempenha um papel importante, principalmente nas orientações relacionadas aos medicamentos utilizados no tratamento.
Análise da produção científica brasileira sobre etnobotânica: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Silva Maria Andréa da , Almeida Fernando Henrique Oliveira de , Santos Davi Cravo Teles dos , Silva Wellington Barros da , Silva Francilene Amaral da
Published: November 2021

Este artigo apresenta o protocolo de revisão de escopo acerca da produção científica brasileira sobre etnobotânica. E tem como objetivo documentar os processos envolvidos no planejamento e na condução metodológica deste estudo inédito, examinando a extensão, o alcance e a natureza das atividades de pesquisa em etnobotânica no Brasil, com vistas a identificar as possíveis lacunas de pesquisa na literatura existente. Esta revisão será conduzida seguindo as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e elaborada de acordo com os itens do PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Para tal, serão selecionados e revisados artigos científicos publicados nos idiomas: inglês, português e espanhol nas seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, PubMed /Medline, Lilacs/BVS, Scopus e Scielo. Este protocolo foi registrado no Open Science Framework (OSF), sob doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/N4XD3.  Espera-se com esse estudo, mapear, demonstrar o cenário e o panorama dos estudos etnobotânicos realizados no Brasil, o que poderá orientar a realização de futuras pesquisas nessa temática em nosso país.
A história da farmácia em Belém, Pará
Authors: Mesquita Luan Nascimento , Anijar Herika dos Santos , Soler Orenzio
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar recortes da História da Farmácia no munícipio de Belém, Pará, a partir do século XVI, partindo-se de contextos sociais, políticos, econômicos, sanitários e educacionais. Método: Trata-se de uma Revisão Narrativa apresentada por meio de síntese narrativa. Resultados: Apresenta-se a História da Farmácia, dando-se destaque para a capital Belém, no período pré-colonial, colonial, imperial, estado independente, republicano, na belle époque, na era Getúlio Vargas e Manoel Barata, pós Estado Novo, no período do regime militar e na nova república. Conclusão: A História da Farmácia no munícipio de Belém, Pará, tem influência de fatores ideológicos, políticos, econômicos e sociais. Proporciona uma vigem ao passado mítico e exótico de farmácias como estabelecimentos de saúde, de serviços farmacêuticos e do cuidado farmacêutico no processo saúde-doença no contexto da Amazônia Oriental.
Atendimento odontológico à criança com Síndrome de Down: Revisão da literatura
Authors: Deus Neta Terezinha Álvares de , Pereira Carolina Silva , Silva Dayviddy Lucas Magalhães , Oliveira Laura Cesário , Rocha Aletheia Moraes , Teixeira Daniela Navarro Ribeiro , Machado Fabrício Campos
Published: November 2021

A síndrome de Down (SD) é um distúrbio cromossômico autossômico causado pela trissomia do cromossomo 21. É a anomalia mental congênita mais frequente e abrange inúmeras alterações mentais e comportamentais incluindo alterações físicas e orais, as quais necessitam atenção por parte dos cirurgiões dentistas. O tratamento odontológico desses pacientes consiste em eliminar ou controlar as dificuldades que eles possuem, adequando-se a conduta e fazendo com que a abordagem precoce seja a melhor opção. O cirurgião dentista, quando ciente de todas essas complicações e características intra e extra orais, poderá realizar um melhor manejo odontológico. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão narrativa qualitativa, realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Pubmed e Scielo, utilizando as palavras-chave: “Síndrome de Down”, “odontologia” e “manejo comportamental”, bem como seus correspondentes em inglês. O trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar as técnicas de gerenciamento comportamental utilizadas no atendimento odontopediátrico de crianças portadoras da Síndrome de Down e identificar os principais pontos acerca da conduta do cirurgião dentista durante atendimento odontológicos destes pacientes. Com esse estudo, concluiu-se que ainda há bastante controvérsias entre os autores no que se diz a respeito ao alto ou baixo índice de lesão de cárie desses pacientes. Entende-se também, a importância do acompanhamento familiar durante todo o tratamento odontológico e a necessidade do cirurgião dentista de estar bem preparado e saber lidar com todas as características e particularidades de cada criança.
Perfil de estilo de vida e prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout em estudantes da área da saúde de uma universidade particular em Santarém-PA durante a pandemia da Covid-19: um estudo transversal
Authors: Amaral Fernanda Naiane Leal , Melo Carla Santos de , Pinto Luciana Santos , Sousa Diego Sarmento de
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Verificar o perfil de estilo de vida e a prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout em estudantes da área da saúde de uma universidade, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional, do tipo descritivo e transversal, com 272 universitários da área da saúde. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados, utilizamos o questionário de Perfil do Estilo de Vida Individual (PEVI), o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach e questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados e discussão: Notou-se uma maior proporção para a classificação “positiva” nos componentes atividade física, comportamentos preventivos, relacionamento social e controle do estresse, assim como a classificação “intermediária” para o componente nutrição. No resultado geral do perfil de estilo de vida individual, os estudantes foram classificados como “intermediários” (44,1%), seguida de “positivos” (41,5%) e “negativos” (14,3%).  Nas dimensões de Burnout, prevaleceram os estudantes com nível baixo em “exaustão emocional” (51,8%), nível alto em “descrença” (55,9%) e nível baixo em “realização profissional” (100%). A relação entre a ocorrência de Burnout e o perfil de estilo de vida apontou a presença de Burnout (n=14), prevalente no perfil “intermediário” (42,9%). Considerações finais: O estudo revela a necessidade de um maior investimento na prevenção e sensibilização da comunidade acadêmica para a adoção de um estilo de vida saudável. Sugere-se a realização de estudos mais abrangentes a respeito do tema, que sirvam como evidências para elaboração de medidas intervencionistas, tanto no âmbito acadêmico quanto nas políticas públicas para a promoção da saúde dos universitários.
Potencialidades, demandas e fragilidades no atendimento de enfermagem a crianças vítimas de queimaduras: revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Rocha Welmer Danilo Rodrigues , Lourdes Carla Heloá de Castro , Pereira Cleane Silva , Diamantino Emanuelly Farias
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: identificar as evidências científicas nacionais e internacionais as potencialidades, demandas e fragilidades no perfil do atendimento de enfermagem a crianças vítimas de queimaduras. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em quatro bases de dados, com os critérios de inclusão: artigos na íntegra, acesso gratuito, disponível on-line, idiomas em inglês, espanhol e português. A amostra final foi composta por 10 estudos. Resultados: A partir da leitura e da comparação entre os resultados dos estudos, emergiram quatro categorias, organizadas em: potencialidades, demandas e fragilidades no atendimento a crianças vítimas de queimaduras. Conclusão: Nos estudos selecionados, identificamos potencialidades, fragilidades e, demandas. Ainda que potencialidades, como rede articulada, autonomia na assistência, acolhimento e empatia; existem fragilidades, como falta de estratégias para comunicação efetiva e inadequado registro de informações, que desafiam a concretização do atendimento integral.
Evidências científicas da assistência de enfermagem ao recém-nascido pré-termo
Authors: Almeida Rafaela Zeferino , Lima Reilda de Sá , Guimarães Tatiana Maria Melo , Santos Thamires Barbosa dos
Published: November 2021

Objetivou-se descrever as evidências científicas acerca da assistência de enfermagem voltada ao recém-nascido pré-termo. Realizou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura. Para a busca de dados foram utilizados fontes de coleta nas plataformas online de pesquisa, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) nas seguintes bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) no período de 2016 a 2021. Foram utilizados os descritores “Assistência de Enfermagem”; “Recém-nascido Pré-maturo”, “Enfermagem Neonatal”. Foram selecionados 1.075, logo após foram aplicação os critérios de inclusão e selecionados 159 artigos para leitura de títulos e resumos. Em seguida foram selecionados 12 artigos que atendiam os objetivos da pesquisa para compor o estudo. Os resultados do estudo evidenciaram que o ano de maior publicação foi 2019, prevalecendo a abordagem qualitativa com 75% dos estudos selecionados, e a partir dos artigos analisados emergiram duas categorias, para discussão da temática:  Cuidados de Enfermagem na assistência ao recém-nascido pré-termo e Conhecimentos do Enfermeiro acerca dos cuidados com o recém-nascido pré-termo. Concluiu-se que a assistência de enfermagem ao recém-nascido pré-termo é imprescindível porque eles precisam de assistência especializada em razão das condições clínicas, necessitam de um ambiente apropriado, com recursos tecnológicos e humanos adequados, para garantir o tratamento e restabelecimento da sua saúde.
Offshore wind farm effects on flounder and gadid dietary habits and condition on the northeastern US coast
Authors: Wilber DH , Brown L , Griffin M , DeCelles GR , Carey DA
Published: November 2021

The first offshore wind farm in North America, Block Island Wind Farm (BIWF), was built on a pilot scale (five 6 MW turbines) approximately 5 km southeast of Block Island, Rhode Island. Potential effects of the BIWF on dietary habits were examined for fish collected in a trawl survey conducted monthly over 7 years (October 2012 to September 2019). Stomach content analysis was conducted on 3457 flounder, gadids, and black sea bass collected near BIWF and in 2 reference areas during baseline, construction, and operation time periods. Other trophic metrics such as fish condition, stomach fullness, and % empty stomachs were examined for an effect of wind farm operation. Temporal variation in trophic metrics was more common than spatial differences, with no consistent indication of an effect of wind farm operation across metrics or species. Prey accumulation curves indicated that diets were adequately characterized with sample sizes of approximately 40 stomachs for most time period by area combinations. Diet composition of hakes and flounder in all areas included a greater proportion of mysids and amphipods during the wind farm operation time period. Summer flounder and winter flounder condition was lower during the operation time period in all areas. Inclusion of mussels and associated epifauna (mysids) in fish diets following turbine installation indicate fish forage on the colonized turbines. Although substantial changes to fish diets were not evident at BIWF, cumulative trophic effects of larger wind farms should be examined as the offshore wind industry expands on the northeastern US coastline.
COMPUTATIONAL ASSESSMENT FOR SEISMOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF MULTISTOREY FLAT SLAB STRUCTURES WITH (AT SPECIFIC POSITIONS) AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALLS
Authors: Shaikh Ismail Shaikh Jafar , Patil L. G.
Published: November 2021

In present era, there is a huge scarcity of vacant
land led to the development of the high rise structures.
For the construction of high rise buildings, normal
R.C.C. system is not suitable. These problems can
overcome by using flat slab system along with shear wall
arrangements. It is very essential that the shear wall
position should be appropriate in structure so as to
achieve the lateral stiffness and solid structure against
lateral loads. In this work, two main factors i.e. with
drop panels and without drop panels have been
considered for 12 storey structures. In each factor 5
models of various locations of shear wall is taken for
consideration. For stabilization of variable parameters
such as storey displacement, storey stiffness and storey
shear etc the seismic investigation & design of structures
had carried out in software ETABS.
After performing seismic investigation & design of all the
structures, result shows that if we provide shear wall at
incorrect or inappropriate locations then it will only
increase the dead load and cost of the structure. So the
final outcomes we have achieved is to provide shear walls
at desired position where lateral loads are more
predominantly acting on the structures
ANALYSIS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT FOR AGRO AND ORGANIC PRODUCT SATISFYING CUSTOMER WITH MAXIMUM PROFIT USING EOQ MODEL
Authors: Samal Debasmita , Kalam Abdul
Published: November 2021

Inventory management of agro-based industry
(dairy product) is a challenging tax because due to its
perishable nature.EOQ model has its importance & role
for proper management of this category of Inventory. The
success of many businesses is related to their ability to
provide goods and services at right time and in right place.
Different organization adopt different inventory control
methods to manage their inventory to avoid stock-out and
overstock. This paper analyses possible parameters of
existing literature, concentration, description of
characteristics and of EOQ inventory control model that
have been developed and can solve the Problem in this
field & will provide the customer satisfaction with profit
maximization.
AN IOT BASED APPROACH IN PARALYSIS PATIENT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Authors: Jadhav Prajakta A. , Jadhav Snehal B , Erudkar Amruta P. , Bhurke Sayali A. , Palekar Nayana S.
Published: November 2021

In today’s world many people are suffering
from physical disabilities due to paralysis or some
accidental problem. Most of these patients are
dependent on care taker. Paralysis is a condition in
which there is impairment of one or more muscles in
body. In order to assist these patients’ microcontrollerbased circuitry plays major role in system. Sometime
appliances are also controlled by patient’s hand
motion. This system also monitors patient’s heartbeat,
if it exceeds normal value then buzzer will be activated
and message will be shown on LCD to doctors and
caretakers to attend patient.
A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF GREEN CHEMISTRY IN DAILY LIFE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: S Dr Sajeena
Published: November 2021

The present study was intended to find
the role of green chemistry in daily life
application for developing environmental
awareness among secondary school students. By
conducting the study, the investigator found that
there was an average awareness of the concept of
green chemistry for secondary school students
that is, 80% of the secondary school students has
an average level of awareness on the concept of
green chemistry and 64 % of the students have
average level of awareness about the daily life
application of green chemistry. The findings have
revealed that secondary school students are
interested to incorporate green chemistry as part
of their curriculum.
INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION OF IMAGES USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Shoaib Kareem Muhammad , Ahmad Zeeshan , Farooq Khan Talha , Shahzad Mohsin , Bashir Mohsin , Hassan Jaskani Fawwad , Zahoor Fareeha
Published: November 2021

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a form of
cancer that forms in the cells of the bile ducts, both inside
and outside of the liver. Cholangiocarcinoma and bile duct
cancer are two words that are often used interchangeably to
describe the same disease. Therefore, we have proposed an
intelligent Hepatoma detection system. So, the main
purpose of this research is to develop and implement an
automated method that will help to detect and classify the
Liver Cancer disease by processing hepatomic images. We
have used liver-tumor-segmentation dataset for the testing
our proposed methodology, it contains 130 images of Liver
Cancer patients. We have applied pre-processing
techniques on these images such as morphological filtering,
in order to enhance images from input data for post
processing. After obtaining the resultant image we have
applied slicing. We have used UNets (modified form of
convolutional Neural Network) for classification purpose
with ResNet34, 50 and 100 architecture for downsampling
and upsampling of shifted pixels. The proposed technique
provides a sophisticated diagnosis and classification
accuracy when compared with previous techniques. The
parameter we used to validate the performance of our
proposed technique is Top-N accuracy. Our proposed
method shows the accuracy of about 99.8%.
ON-CAMPUS STUDY: AN EXPERIENCED OVERVIEW AND PREFERENCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE UAE
Authors: Alam Khan Iftikhar , Brohi M Nawaz , Baig Arooj , Basit Abdul
Published: November 2021

The study is an attempt to enquire into the
preference of undergraduate students, after a considerable
and over a year-long experience with Online Teaching and
Learning (OTL), under the emergency preventive measure
of switching from the traditional face-to-face classes to
online. The study followed an exploratory approach, with a
quantitative survey followed by a qualitative one, and a
convenient sampling method to collect responses from a
substantial sample size. The study is positioned after more
than a year of remote classes by the undergraduate student,
and hence represents highly experienced reflections and
preferences from these students, as compared to other
studies conducted last year. The study has profound
implications in considering, and questioning, the
importance of on-campus classes, and significance of the
physical presence of a tutor in the class, and its effect on the
learning experience of undergraduate students
O novom kartografskom rječniku
Authors: Lapaine Miljenko , Frančula Nedjeljko , Jazbec Ivo-Pavao
Published: November 2021

Godine 2020. objavljen je Kartografski rječnik u izdanju
Hrvatskoga kartografskog društva i Naklade Dominović. Od objavljivanja prvoga i
jedinoga Višejezičnoga kartografskoga rječnika u Hrvatskoj prošlo je
više od 40 godina. U tom razdoblju mnogo toga novoga dogodilo se u svijetu, što
su autori pokušali obuhvatiti novim rječnikom. U ovom radu opisat ćemo probleme
s kojima smo se susreli u radu na pripremi toga rječnika.
The Position of Education in Nakhchivan During the Period of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918-1920)
Authors: Khalilov T.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the state of education in Nakhchivan during the period of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918–1920. It was determined that as a result of a well-thought-out policy pursued in the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, general education in Nakhchivan, as well as in other areas, developed rapidly and returned its former prestige and fame. The study of the history of education in Nakhchivan shows that in the process of its development it went through several stages and in its own way, due to its peculiarities and laws of time. The study of the history of the development of education in Nakhchivan during the period of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic shows that this period was accompanied by development and many achievements. The specificity of the unique cultural and educational environment of Nakhchivan in connection with the activities of the intelligentsia played an important role in the development of these achievements.
The Conception of the Formation of the Personality of the Heroes in the Novel by H. Böll ‘The Clown’ and the Novel by F. M. Dostoevsky ‘The Adolescent’: Creative Parallels
Authors: Melnikova L.
Published: November 2021

Through a comparative analysis of the images and conceptions of the formation of the personality of Hans Schnier and Arkady Dolgoruky, the paper reveals the signs of a literary dialogue between H. Böll and F. M. Dostoevsky in terms of disclosing the theme of upbringing in the novels ‘The Clown’ and ‘The Adolescent’. It was found that in both works the process of the formation of the characters and world views of the central characters is shown unevenly through the representation of the key moments of their biography which evoked a strong emotional response from the characters. In the above-mentioned novels, similar methods of psychologism are used: confession, recollection. At the same time, H. Böll endows his text with more acute social problems than F. M. Dostoevsky. His hero is categorical in his assessments and polemic in relation to the society around him, the morality of the majority of whose representatives he not only finds unacceptable, but also castigates. Based on this, we can conclude that H. Böll reconstructs the model of the hero’s personal development in the novel ‘The Clown’ by not only taking into account the traditions of the Russian classic author, but also in the context of sharp criticism of the realities of his contemporary society.
Emotive Expression in Text and Ways of Translation
Authors: Surkeeva D. , Karabekova E. , Ibraimova S.
Published: November 2021

Research relevance: there are isomorphic features of the investigated interjections in semantics, pragmatic terms and in structure. Research objectives: to reveal the emotional meaning of the Russian interjection Tsyts and the way of its translation into English and Kyrgyz languages. Research materials and methods: the authors use the method of translation and comparison of interjections in The Quiet Don by M. Sholokhov, Farewell to Gyulsary by Ch. Aitmatov and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by M. Twain literary works. Research results: the isomorphic features of the studied interjections coincide in their pragmatic characteristics, structure, meaning and nominative function. Conclusions: In the languages under consideration, by their syntactic nature, they can act as independent sentences.
The Emotiveness of the Love Component in the Quiet Don Novel by M. Sholokhov and in the Jamila Novel by Ch. Aitmatov
Authors: Surkeeva D.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to identify the concept of Love in two works, as well as to reveal the image of the woman Aksiniya and Jamila. The authors use the method of theoretical analysis of modern scientific literature on the problem, conceptual analysis of a work of art, a comparative study of the image of a woman in two works. The article briefly describes such concepts as: Love-Eros, Love-Mania Love-Storge, Love-Pragma. In the main part, the characteristics of the concept of love are presented and descriptions of the main heroines of the works are given. In conclusion, the authors come to the opinion of the parallelism of the feelings of love of Aksiniya and Jamila.
Thinking Fungi, or Random Considerations
Authors: Crane Kylie
Published: November 2021

Thinking fungi as a way of considering randomness gives rise, in particular, to thinking about categorization, comparison, as well as creating (more-than-human) communities through strange and unexpected commonalities. These ideas inform comparative literature more broadly, along with the desire to identify and understand culturally codified motifs – that is, meanings as they gather around particular images and generate certain ideas of being in the world. By bringing fungi to the table, this contribution considers agency and ruin with contemporary narrativized deliberations on all kinds of fungi matter(s). Textually, it examines memoirs, (new) nature writing, as well as cultural studies work on fungi; theoretically, it draws on etymology and systems of classification more broadly, impulses from new materialism, as well as STS-informed deliberations on knowledge generation, classification, and circulation.
Standardization of implementation of the mandatory privately managed pillar of the pension system of Ukraine
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, SVIRIDOVSKA Anastasiia
Published: November 2021

According to the current legislation, the modern Ukrainian pension system is not yet fully formed. In Ukraine, PFC contributions currently form a source of pension benefits for citizens. The solidarity pension system is crumbling . That is, as in the rest of the world, the nation is aging, the share of retirees is growing, and there is less able-bodied population. The search for new ways to save for old age is in the direction of creating a mandatory accumulation under the supervision of the state. Thus, today, a second level of the pension system, mandatory accumulative component, and a rather underdeveloped and unpopular non-state pension system, which forms the third level of the national pension system, do not function. However, in 2020, the work on the concept and bill on the mandatory savings system was intensified. Its introduction is seen as a tool that can increase both the level of pensions and their differentiation. But the world experience of such reforms shows that the real effect on payments from the savings system will have to wait at least 15-20 or even 25 years. The article examines the issue of introducing a funded pension level at the legislative level. According to the results of an expanded analysis of 19 draft laws on reforming the current pension legislation and proposals for new laws on these issues in the period from 2018 to 2021, we can conclude that there is no single concept of amending legislation, so most bills are either withdrawn or sent for further refinement. Currently, various aspects of the pension system of Ukraine are regulated by a large number of legislative acts, so there are signs of dispersion in these draft legislative changes. Most of the bills are developed to enhance the welfare of certain categories of citizens, including servicemen, single mothers, victims of the Chernobyl accident, war veterans and more. The issues of the accumulative pension system are mainly raised in the bills of 2020–2021.
Effect of tone sandhi on singing in Chaozhou dialect
Authors: Zhang Xi , Cross Ian
Published: November 2021

The Chaozhou dialect is a branch of Southern Min Chinese with eight tones and a wealth of tone sandhi. In this paper we explore whether there is a tone-sandhi effect on melodic construction and tone realisation in Chaozhou song, using a corpus analysis and observational study. Outcomes from the corpus analysis show a strikingly higher rate of tone-melody matching in Sandhi dataset than that in Citation dataset. In the observational study, we found significant differences between sandhi form and citation form concerning tones /53/ and /21/, but no significant difference for tones /35/ and /213/. Results suggest that falling tones in the final position of a phrase tended to exhibit a larger contoural range, and that tones in non-final positions may be more affected by the pitches of tones that precede or follow them.
PBX1 Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Apoptosis by Alleviating Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage Instead of Enhancing DNA Damage Repair
Authors: Wang Yuan , Sui Yutong , Lian Aobo , Han Xing , Liu Feilin , Zuo Kuiyang , Liu Mingsheng , Sun Wei , Wang Ziyu , Liu Zinan , Zou Fei , Lu Rifeng , Jin Minghua , Du Haiying , Xu Kan , Liu Xiaomei , Liu Jinyu
Published: November 2021

Tissues and organs undergo structural deterioration and functional decline during aging. DNA damage is considered a major cause of stem cell senescence. Although stem cells develop sophisticated DNA repair systems, when the intrinsic and extrinsic insults exceed the DNA repair capacity, cellular senescence, and age-related diseases inevitably occur. Therefore, the prevention and alleviation of DNA damage is an alternative to DNA repair in attenuating stem cell senescence and preventing age-related diseases. Pre-B-cell leukaemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) participates in maintaining the pluripotency of human embryonic and haematopoietic stem cells. Our recent studies showed that PBX1 promotes hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell (HF-MSC) proliferation, decreases cellular senescence and apoptosis, and enhances induced pluripotent stem cell generation. Whether PBX1 attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage or by enhancing DNA repair remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of PBX1 on the intrinsic ROS or extrinsic H2O2-induced cellular senescence of HF-MSCs. To this end, we generated HF-MSCs overexpressing either PBX1, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, or both. Our results showed that PBX1 overexpression attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage instead of enhancing DNA repair. This is the first study to report that PBX1 attenuates stem cell senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage. It provides new insight into the mechanism of stem cell senescence and lays the foundation for the development of strategies for age-related disease prevention and treatment, and in particular, hair follicle repair and regeneration.
The Making and Breaking of Serine-ADP-Ribosylation in the DNA Damage Response
Authors: Schützenhofer Kira , Rack Johannes Gregor Matthias , Ahel Ivan
Published: November 2021

ADP-ribosylation is a widespread posttranslational modification that is of particular therapeutic relevance due to its involvement in DNA repair. In response to DNA damage, PARP1 and 2 are the main enzymes that catalyze ADP-ribosylation at damage sites. Recently, serine was identified as the primary amino acid acceptor of the ADP-ribosyl moiety following DNA damage and appears to act as seed for chain elongation in this context. Serine-ADP-ribosylation strictly depends on HPF1, an auxiliary factor of PARP1/2, which facilitates this modification by completing the PARP1/2 active site. The signal is terminated by initial poly(ADP-ribose) chain degradation, primarily carried out by PARG, while another enzyme, (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolase 3 (ARH3), specifically cleaves the terminal seryl-ADP-ribosyl bond, thus completing the chain degradation initiated by PARG. This review summarizes recent findings in the field of serine-ADP-ribosylation, its mechanisms, possible functions and potential for therapeutic targeting through HPF1 and ARH3 inhibition.
Organic Fluorophores for 1064 nm Excited NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Wang Wenqi , He Xiaowen , Du Mingzhi , Xie Chen , Zhou Wen , Huang Wei , Fan Quli
Published: November 2021

Second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging has shown great potential in the field of bioimaging. However, the excitation wavelengths of most NIR-II fluorescence dyes are in the first near-infrared (NIR-I) region, which leads to limited imaging depth and resolution. To address such issue, NIR-II fluorescence dyes with 1,064 nm excitation have been developed and applied for in vivo imaging. Compared with NIR-I wavelength excited dyes, 1,064 nm excited dyes exhibit a higher tissue penetration depth and resolution. The improved performance makes these dyes have much broader imaging applications. In this mini review, we summarize recent advances in 1,064 nm excited NIR-II fluorescence fluorophores for bioimaging. Two kinds of organic fluorophores, small molecule dye and semiconducting polymer (SP), are reviewed. The general properties of these fluorophores are first introduced. Small molecule dyes with different chemical structures for variety of bioimaging applications are then discussed, followed by the introduction of SPs for NIR-II phototheranostics. Finally, the conclusion and future perspective of this field is given.
The Research Progress in Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis
Authors: Mi Jie , Liang Yan , Liang Jianqin , Gong Wenping , Wang Shuyong , Zhang Junxian , Li Zhiming , Wu Xueqiong
Published: November 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem worldwide. The combination of various anti-TB drugs is mainly used to treat TB in clinical practice. Despite the availability of effective antibiotics, effective treatment regimens still require long-term use of multiple drugs, leading to toxicity, low patient compliance, and the development of drug resistance. It has been confirmed that immune recognition, immune response, and immune regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) determine the occurrence, development, and outcome of diseases after Mtb infection. The research and development of TB-specific immunotherapy agents can effectively regulate the anti-TB immune response and provide a new approach toward the combined treatment of TB, thereby preventing and intervening in populations at high risk of TB infection. These immunotherapy agents will promote satisfactory progress in anti-TB treatment, achieving the goal of “ultra-short course chemotherapy.” This review highlights the research progress in immunotherapy of TB, including immunoreactive substances, tuberculosis therapeutic vaccines, chemical agents, and cellular therapy.
Mapping of Winter Wheat Using Sentinel-2 NDVI Data. A Case of Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mashonganyika Fadzisayi , Mugiyo Hillary , Svotwa Ezekia , Kutywayo Dumisani
Published: November 2021

A robust early warning system can alert to the presence of food crises and related drivers, informing decision makers on food security. To date, decision-makers in Zimbabwe still rely on agriculture extension personnel to generate information on wheat production and monitor the crop. Such traditional methods are subjective, costly and their accuracy depends on the experience of the assessor. This study investigates Sentinel-2 NDVI and time series utility as a wheat-monitoring tool over the wheat-growing areas of Zimbabwe's Bindura, Shamva, and Guruve districts. NDVI was used to classify and map the wheat fields. The classification model's evaluation was done by creating 100 reference pixels across the classified map and constructing a confusion matrix with a resultant kappa coefficient of 0.89. A sensitivity test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) were used to measure the model's efficiency. Fifty GPS points randomly collected from wheat fields in the selected districts were used to identify and compute the area of the fields. The correlation between the area declared by farmers and the calculated area was positive, with an R2 value of 0.98 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.23 hectares. The study concluded that NDVI is a good index for estimating the area under wheat. In this regard, NDVI can be used for early warning and early action, especially in monitoring programs like ‘Command Agriculture’ in Zimbabwe. In current and future studies, the use of high-resolution images from remote sensing is essential. Furthermore, ground truthing is always important to validate results from remote sensing at any spatial scale.
Unprecedented Climate Change in India and a Three-Pronged Method for Reliable Weather and Climate Prediction
Authors: Brahmananda Rao Vadlamudi , Ashok Karumuri , Govardhan Dandu
Published: November 2021

India, one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, has suffered severe economic losses as well as life losses as per the World Focus report.1More than 80% of its land and more than 50 million of its people are affected by weather disasters. Disaster mitigation necessitates reliable future predictions, which need focused climate change research. From the climate change perspective, the summer monsoon, the main lifeline of India, is predicted to change very adversely. The duration of the rainy season is going to shrink, and pre-monsoon drying can also occur. These future changes can impact the increase of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue, and others. In another recent study, 29 world experts from various institutions found that the largest exposure to disasters, such as tropical cyclones (TCs), river floods, droughts, and heat waves, is over India. For improved and skillful prediction, we suggest a three-stage cumulative method, namely, K is for observational analysis, U is for knowledge and understanding, and M is for modeling and prediction. In this brief note, we report our perspective of imminent weather disasters to India, namely, monsoons and TCs, and how the weather and climate forecasting can be improved, leading to better climate change adaptation.
Rivaroxaban Suppresses Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting FXa-Induced Macrophage M1 Polarization-Mediated Phenotypic Conversion of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Ma Yanpeng , Zhang Yong , Qiu Chuan , He Chunhui , He Ting , Shi Shuang , Liu Zhongwei
Published: November 2021

Background: Factor Xa (FXa) is a mediator initiating and accelerating atherosclerosis (AS). Both macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) participate in AS progression. This study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the FXa inhibitor rivaroxaban on AS.

Methods: Rivaroxaban was administered to AS mice. Primary macrophages were exposed to FXa, treated with rivaroxaban, and transfected with siRNA silencing protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), delta-like receptor 4 (Dll4), and Akt. Interaction between macrophages and VSMCs was assessed by co-culturing systems. Atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated by oil red O stain. Fluorescent staining was used to determine the cell phenotypes. Secretions of inflammatory cytokines and collagen were assessed by ELISA and Sircol assays. Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression and phosphorylation levels.

Results: Rivaroxaban reduced lesion area, accumulation of M1 macrophages, and contractile-synthetic phenotypic conversion of VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaques. FXa exposure induced polarization of macrophages toward M1 and Dll4 high expression, which were inhibited by PAR2, Akt1, and HIF1α silencing. Rivaroxaban treatment inhibited PAR2/Akt/HIF1α signaling activation and Dll4 expression in FXa-exposed macrophages. By cell-to-cell contact, M1 macrophages induced Notch signaling activation in VSMCs which committed contractile-synthetic conversion. Rivaroxaban treatment and Dll4 silencing incapacitated macrophage in inducing phenotypic conversion of VSMCs upon cell-to-cell contact.

Conclusion: Rivaroxaban suppresses AS by inhibiting FXa-induced PAR2/Akt/HIF1α signaling activation-mediated macrophage M1 polarization and high Dll4 expression. These macrophages facilitated VSMCs to perform contractile-synthetic phenotypic conversion upon macrophage-VSMCs cell-to-cell contact.
Layer-Specific Global Longitudinal Strain Predicts Arrhythmic Risk in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Segura-Rodríguez Diego , Bermúdez-Jiménez Francisco José , González-Camacho Lorena , Moreno Escobar Eduardo , García-Orta Rocío , Alcalá-López Juan Emilio , Bautista Pavés Alicia , Oyonarte-Ramírez José Manuel , López-Fernández Silvia , Álvarez Miguel , Tercedor Luis , Jiménez-Jáimez Juan
Published: November 2021

Background: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a life-threatening disease which predispose to malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the early stages of the disease. Risk stratification relies on the electrical, genetic, and imaging data. Our study aimed to investigate how myocardial deformation parameters may identify the subjects at risk of known predictors of major ventricular arrhythmias.

Methods: A cohort of 45 subjects with definite or borderline diagnosis of AC was characterized using the advanced transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and divided into the groups according to the potential arrhythmic risk markers, such as non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and genetic status. Layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS) by TTE 2D speckle tracking was compared in patients with and without these arrhythmic risk markers.

Results: In this study, 23 (51.1%) patients were men with mean age of 43 ± 16 years. Next-generation sequencing identified a potential pathogenic mutation in 39 (86.7%) patients. Thirty-nine patients presented LGE (73.3%), mostly located at the subepicardial-to-mesocardial layers. A layer-specific-GLS analysis showed worse GLS values at the epicardial and mesocardial layers in the subjects with NSVT and LGE. The epicardial GLS values of −15.4 and −16.1% were the best cut-off values for identifying the individuals with NSVT and LGE, respectively, regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Conclusions: The layer-specific GLS assessment identified the subjects with high-risk arrhythmic features in AC, such as NSVT and LGE. An epicardial GLS may emerge as a potential instrument for detecting the subjects at risk of SCD in AC.