bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brief interventions and contacts after suicide attempt: A meta-analysis
Authors: Homan Stephanie , Ritzinger Alina , Michel Sofia , Bertram Anna-Marie , Marciniak Marta , Rühlmann Charlotta , Petho Annamaria , Kirchhofer Lara , Homan Philipp , Olbrich Sebastian , O'Connor Rory , Kleim Birgit
Published: December 2024

Following a suicide attempt, only a third of people receive outpatient treatment. This highlights the need to rethink our approach to treatment, to include the consideration of low-threshold brief interventions and contacts. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the extent to which such brief interventions and contacts (BICs) are effective. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, ProQuest, and PsycINFO were searched by independent researchers according to the PRISMA guidelines. This meta-analysis included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that tested BIC in adults after a suicide attempt. It examined the effectiveness of BIC on (1) re-attempts at follow-up, (2) self-harm at follow-up, (3) suicidal ideation at follow-up, and (4) linkage to mental health services at follow-up. The findings from 54 RCTs confirmed that BICs are effective: (1) Re-attempts at the follow-up phase were significantly reduced in the BIC group compared with control (-0.35, 95% CI: -0.54, –0.15). (2) There was no difference between the groups in the recurrence of self-harm and (3) in the severity of suicidal ideation at follow-up. (4) The linkage to mental health services at follow-up was significantly higher in the BIC group compared with control (0.60, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.15). In this largest meta-analysis to date, there are clear implications for clinical practice: BICs, often consisting of only one session, are effective in reducing the recurrence of suicide attempts and can be used to help people find a connection to the mental healthcare system after a suicide attempt. Thus, these interventions should be integrated into suicide prevention strategies.
A federated graph learning method to multi-party collaboration for molecular discovery
Authors: Wu Yuen , Zhang Liang , Chen Kong , Jiang Jun , Zhang Yanyong
Published: December 2024

Optimizing molecular resources utilization for molecular discovery requires collaborative efforts across research institutions to accelerate progress. However, given the high research value of both successful and unsuccessful molecules conducted by each institution (or laboratory), these findings are typically kept private and confidential until formal publication, with failed ones rarely disclosed. This confidentiality requirement presents a great challenge for most existing methods when handing molecular data with heterogeneous distributions under stringent privacy constraints. Here, we propose FedLG, a federated graph learning method that leverages the Lanczos algorithm to facilitate collaborative model training across multiple parties, achieving reliable prediction performance under strict privacy protection conditions. Compared with various traditional federate learning methods, FedLG method exhibits excellent model performance on all benchmark datasets. With different privacy-preserving mechanism settings, FedLG method demonstrates potential application with high robustness and noise resistance. Comparison tests on datasets from each simulated research institution also show that FedLG method effectively achieves superior data aggregation capabilities and more promising outcomes than localized model training. In addition, we incorporate the Bayesian optimization algorithm into FedLG method to demonstrate its scalability and further enhance model performance. Overall, the proposed method FedLG can be deemed a highly effective method to realize multi-party collaboration while ensuring sensitive molecular information is protected from potential leakage.
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Gene B Relevant to Atopic Dermatitis Alters the Expression of Kallikreins and β-defensin 2 in HaCaT Cells
Authors: Tian Xin , Huang Qiongxiao , Chen Ziyan , Xia Manqi , Liang Jingyao , Liu Yumei
Published: December 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder characterized by abnormal skin barrier function, immune inflammation, and disrupted skin microbiome. The dynamic alterations of staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) superantigens, kallikreins (KLKs), and β-defensin 2 (β-HBD2) in keratinocytes play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of AD. However, the mechanisms of their action remain poorly understood. In our study, we utilized staphylococcal enterotoxin gene B (SEB) to stimulate HaCaT cells. Although SEB did not significantly alter the proliferation of HaCaT cells nor increase cell apoptosis, KLKs were increased and β-HBD2 was decreased to varying degrees, indicating that KLKs activation and β-HBD2 reduction may facilitate the induction of AD and the colonization of S. aureus. Our investigation into the in vitro cellular mechanisms of SEB on AD progression provides a theoretical foundation for future AD therapies.
Polymorph Analysis of ALZ-801 (Valiltramiprosate), a Valine-conjugated Oral Prodrug of Tramiprosate in Late-stage Clinical Development for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Pearson D. , Amedio J. , Schaefer J. F. , Tolar M. , Hey John A.
Published: December 2024

ALZ-801 (valiltramiprosate) is an orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomer formation in late-stage clinical development as a potential disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ALZ-801, (S)-3-(2-amino-3-methylbutanamido) propane-1-sulfonic acid, is a valine-conjugated prodrug of tramiprosate. Structural, polymorphic analysis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of ALZ-801 showed extra peaks when high throughput transmission mode XRPD analysis was utilized. After extensive investigation, the extra peaks were determined to be an artifact of transmission mode XRPD, which was not observed in either reflectance or capillary mode XRPD analyses. Reflectance mode XRPD was demonstrated as the most appropriate methodology to monitor the crystal form of ALZ-801 API. In conclusion, ALZ-801 API is a single polymorph form.
Antigen Dose and Persistence Contribute to Induction of a Durable HIV-1-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Response
Authors: Connors Mark , Matsuda Kenta , Harrison Mitra , Wettstein Eleanor , Pederson Jessica , Pullano Alyssa , Bolkhovitinov Lyuba , Kim Breanna , griesman trevor , Stuccio Sarah , Rogan Daniel , Steinberg Isabel , Leach Benjamin , Veer Freya van't , Roenicke Rachel , Roeder Peyton , Tsybovsky Yaroslav , Stephens Tyler , Patamawenu Andy , Shofner Tulley , Wright Nathaniel , Webber Jonathan , Ober Ellison , Moral-Sánchez Iván del , Bontjer Ilja , McGinnes Lori , Chu Eric , Liang C. Jason , Torres Jonathan , Lin Ryan , Tran Andy , Dziubla Gabrielle , Serebryannyy Leonid , Narpala Sandeep , Lin Bob , Castro Mike , Ozorowski Gabriel , Ward Andrew , Sanders Rogier , Kwong Peter , Guenaga Javier , Wyatt Richard , Morrison Trudy , Koory Emma
Published: December 2024

The immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env glycoprotein (Env) is limited in part by its structural instability and extensive glycan shielding and is likely the greatest obstacle to an HIV-1 vaccine. Stabilized Env trimers can elicit serum neutralizing antibodies but often require many immunizations and the response is short-lived. To understand the parameters that confer a durable neutralizing antibody response, we used a Newcastle Disease Virus-like particle (NDV-VLP) platform to present stabilized versions of HIV-1 Env at high valency and varied the conformational stability, adjuvants, dose, and antigen persistence. Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA), or SARS-CoV2 Spike (S)-bearing VLPs were used as controls. HA or S bearing VLPs rapidly induced neutralizing antibodies, whereas they were not induced by those bearing Env. A replicating adenovirus type 4 expressing Env rapidly induced autologous neutralizing antibodies, suggesting glycan shielding or the naïve B cell repertoire were not barriers. We then tested the parameters that might approximate a replicating virus infection. Only when multiple features of a virus infection were combined did we observe durable neutralizing antibodies, with the largest impact attributable to dose and escalating dose. Our results suggest that numerous features of a replicating virus infection, including stabilization, spike density, TLR stimulation, total dose, and persistence of antigen, can be combined to improve the immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env.
Facilitating Parental Scaffolding to Support Students’ Mathematical Skills through a Literacy-Focused Parental Involvement Program
Authors: Zambak Vecihi , Steiner Lilly , Carley-Rizzuto Kerry
Published: December 2024

Parental involvement in children’s education has benefits throughout a child’s academic career. Researchers and educators have developed parental involvement programs, the most effective being those that teach parents to understand open-ended mathematics problems, allowing time for children to think, share their mathematical understanding, and reflect on reasoning processes. The use of literacy strategies for mathematical understanding develops students’ communication skills. Having the same objective, we implemented a five-session intervention in our study with four parents and their children, during which we utilized literacy strategies to support parental involvement and children’s mathematical development. In each session, parent-child dyads were provided with a smart pen and smart notebook to record their interactions around the mathematical topics focused on during the session. Our findings showed improvements in parents’ level of assistance throughout our intervention. Additionally, our program contributed to students’ mathematical skills. We share implications for mathematics teacher educators and provide recommendations for further research.
FOXO1 modulates the biofunctions of trophoblast cells in preeclampsia via the DUSP9/p38/JNK signaling pathway
Authors: Qin Zhendong , Bian Xiaotao , Li Jinfeng , Yi Yanhong , Lu Junli , Cao Guangming
Published: December 2024

Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is currently one of the major causes threatening the health and leading to death of pregnant women and fetuses. The onset of PE is attributed to cellular biological dysfunction resulting from the disruption of the molecular regulatory network in the trophoblast cells. We discovered that FOXO1 was downregulated in the placenta of preeclampsia.
Methods
In order to delve deeper into the involvement of FOXO1 in the development of preeclampsia, trophoblast cell lines were generated with manipulated levels of FOXO1, either through overexpression or knockdown, to elucidate its biological function and underlying mechanisms.
Results
The expression level of FOXO1 is positively correlated with the invasive, migratory, and proliferative abilities of trophoblast cells. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed DUSP9 as a potential target gene of FOXO1. The suppression of DUSP9 expression has been shown to markedly diminish the invasive, migratory, and proliferative abilities of trophoblast cells. Silencing DUSP9 in trophoblast cells that exhibit elevated levels of FOXO1 can attenuate their physiological functions. We found that overexpression/inhibition of FOXO1 can correspondingly suppress/activate the p38/JNK signaling pathway. Notably, the inhibition of DUSP9 in the context of FOXO1 overexpression can activate the p38/JNK signaling pathway.
Conclusions
FOXO1 modulates the biofunctions of trophoblast cells in preeclampsia via the DUSP9/p38/JNK signaling pathway.
Autoregressive Generation Strategies for Top-K Sequential Recommendations
Authors: Volodkevich Anna , Gusak Danil , Klenitskiy Anton , Vasilev Alexey
Published: December 2024

The goal of modern sequential recommender systems is often formulated in terms of next-item prediction. In this paper, we explore the applicability of transformerbased generative models for the Top-K sequential recommendation task, where the goal is to predict items that a user is likely to interact with in the “near future”. This goal aligns with real-world applications of such models in an offline scenario or as a part of multi-stage recommender pipelines.
We explore commonly used autoregressive generation strategies, including greedy decoding, beam search, and temperature sampling, to evaluate their performance for the Top-K sequential recommendation task. In addition, we propose novel Reciprocal Rank Aggregation (RRA) and Relevance Aggregation (RA) generation strategies based on multi-sequence generation with temperature sampling and subsequent aggregation.
Experiments on diverse datasets give valuable insights regarding the applicability of commonly used strategies and show that the suggested approaches improve performance on longer time horizons compared to the widely used Top-K prediction approach and single-sequence autoregressive generation strategies.
Remote Sensing Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variability in Key Physicochemical Parameters and Primary Productivity in the Northern Bay of Bengal
Authors: Tahsin Tabassum Hossain , Hoque Md Enamul , Chowdh Siraj Uddin Md Babar , Karmakar Anik
Published: December 2024

The Bay of Bengal (BoB), a vital marine ecosystem, is influenced by complex interactions between physical, chemical, and biological processes. Monsoonal winds, riverine inputs, and oceanographic conditions shape the region's unique characteristics. This study leverages high-resolution remote sensing data from 2014 to 2023 to analyze the spatiotemporal variability of key physicochemical parameters and their impact on primary productivity. The study reveals distinct seasonal patterns in sea-surface temperature (SST), salinity, density, mixed-layer depth (MLD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll-a concentration and monthly variations of these parameters. The analysis indicates that the Northern part of BoB recorded its highest SST in May, with levels rising to 29°C. Primary productivity exhibits two peaks, one during the spring season, which is 405 to above 905 mg/m³/day and another during the autumn season (305 to 705 mg/m³/day), driven by increased nutrient availability and favorable light conditions. The lowest productivity was observed in the winter season, with the value 5 mg/m³/day, attributed to a lower temperature (25°C) and reduced light availability. The study highlights the influence of environmental factors on marine biological activity, with high temperature, low salinity, low dissolved oxygen, and shallow mixed-layer depth correlating with higher chlorophyll-a concentration. This research provides valuable insights into the BoB's ecosystem health and productivity, emphasizing the importance of remote sensing in monitoring and understanding this dynamic marine environment.
Pollen analysis of sediment core from Yukashigata Lagoon, in western Japan reveals paleovegetation changes during the past 1500 year
Authors: Fujiki Toshiyuki , Nakanishi Toshimichi , Yamada Kazuyoshi , Tabata Kaoru , Ikeda Haruhiro
Published: December 2024

A 292-cm-long sediment core was collected from the center of Yukashigata Lagoon using a Mackereth air-pressure piston corer. Pollen analysis with radiocarbon dating of this sediment core was conducted to reconstruct the surrounding paleoenvironment. The results revealed a decrease in evergreen broadleaf tree pollen grains, an increase in herb pollen grains and fern spores, and a slight increase in charcoal fragments around 1100 cal CE, suggesting the onset of human impact on vegetation around this time. A major vegetation shift occurred around 1300 cal CE, marked by a rapid increase in Pinus pollen grains, herb pollen grains, and fern spores, along with a decrease in evergreen broadleaf tree pollen grains. The latter change suggested large-scale destruction of vegetation. Subsequently, tree pollen grains continued to decline, with a further decrease around 1550 cal CE, perhaps caused by the extensive use of Kumano timber for the construction of castles and temples by Sengoku-period warlords. Much of this timber was supplied by the Kishu Domain. However, as the Kishu supply of high-quality timber began to deplete, the warlords shifted to a policy of forest protection and cultivation, banning the felling of six tree species. As a result, the abundance of Pinus and Cryptomeria pollen grains sharply increased from around 1650 cal CE, as did that of evergreen broadleaf tree pollen grains which indicated a transition from compensatory vegetation to evergreen broadleaf forest from around 1950 cal CE. This vegetation recovery appears to have been linked to increasing reliance on plant-based fuels as fossil fuels became more widely adopted.
Predictive Heat Transfer Model for Fire-Induced Injuries in Tree Stem
Authors: Khan Muhammad Usman , Hasnain Muhammad , Sezer Hayri , Kozhumal Shijin , Selvaraj Muthu Kumaran , Simeoni Albert
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a physics-based mathematical model to predict the injury and mortality of tree stems during prescribed burns and in wildland fires. The two-dimensional transient model is developed in polar coordinates employing the finite volume method with an implicit time integration scheme. The model includes a source term in the heat transfer equation to account for the volumetric heat absorbed due to desiccation and pyrolysis processes. The thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat are set to vary as a function of temperature. The model is verified against existing experimental and numerical studies (1D and 2D). The temperature history just underneath the inner bark shows that the temperatures predicted by the present model align closely with experimental data. The necrotic depth and viability factor of the tree stem are determined from the predicted temperature distribution in the tree stem. A parametric study is conducted by varying the area exposed to the heat flux, moisture content, and tree species. The depth of stem injury and mortality rate are analyzed for these cases. Results show that the coupled effect of thermo-property variation and moisture content in different layers can significantly affect the heat diffusion and the predicted temperature distribution within the inner layers of the stem. The model serves as a valuable tool for predicting tree mortality rates during wildfires and prescribed burns and helps land managers and fire managers foster better forestry management and ecosystem conservation strategies.
From Grey Clouds to Green Horizons: Synergizing the nexus among Adaptation Technologies, Green Production Practices and Environmental Quality
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad , Ahmad Wasim , Hamid Afshan , Anwar Ahsan
Published: December 2024

The BRICST nations - Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Turkey - are driving significant economic growth and development. However, they also have to tackle environmental challenges accompanying their economic progress. The nexus between economic growth and environmental degradation makes it complex to achieve sustainable development goals. In this regard, the study examines the impact of adaptation technologies, green production practices, financial development, and renewable energy consumption on the load capacity factor. The Panel Quantile Regression (PQR) technique has been utilized to analyze data from 1990 to 2020. Further, the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) techniques have also been employed to check the robustness of the results. The results show that economic growth harms environmental quality in the early stages, and it harms the load-carrying capacity of the environment in the latter stage. Conversely, adaptation technologies and green production technology have a positive effect on load-carrying capacity, which also signifies the efforts to achieve SDG 09 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure). Renewable energy consumption also plays an integral role in improving environmental quality which also clarifies the attempts towards SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 07 (affordable and clean energy), and SDG 13 (climate action) in BRICST countries.
The Reversal of the Gender Gap in Education: Exploring its Consequences for Partnering, Employment and Voting Behaviour
Authors: Nordin Martin , Stanfors Maria
Published: December 2024

Women have made substantial gains in education in recent decades and outperform men in educational attainment across the OECD, but the consequences of this reversal of the gender gap in education (RGE) have not been well researched. In this study, we address the association between the RGE and partnering, employment, and support for a right-wing populist party in Sweden. Of note, we explore the differential impacts of women’s educational advancements versus men’s lagging by using cross-sectional register data and within-areal age variation in RGE. Results show that RGE is negatively associated with partnering and employment prospects among individuals with a low level of education. Furthermore, results suggest that men’s educational disadvantage may contribute to growing support for right-wing populist parties. Overall, this study highlights how shifting gender gaps in education can lead to frustration in various areas of life, fostering political discontent and anti-egalitarian values.
JEL classification: J12, I24, Z13
Associations of invasive cyanobacterial species and phytoplankton community structure with abiotic influences in post-glacial temperate lakes under climate change
Authors: Aykut Tümer Orhun , Crucitti-Thoo Robin Michael , Rudak Agnieszka , Jasser Iwona
Published: December 2024

This study conducted in Mazurian and Suwałki Lakelands (Poland), investigated the composition and distribution of phytoplankton species, currently existing invasive Cyanobacteria, and their linkages with various environmental parameters. Water and phytoplankton samples were collected from twenty-five lakes in the summer of 2023 to achieve the aims. In the study, crucial ecological influences such as pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, nutrient concentrations, and water temperature values were measured and their associations with phytoplankton community structure were described. In addition, the Shannon diversity index, Pielou’s evenness, Euclidean distance analysis, frequency analysis, and redundancy analysis have been applied to interpret the obtained data. In total 325 phytoplankton species were recorded, with the most abundant class being Cyanophyceae represented by 170 taxa. Although they had relatively low biomass, all of the investigated invasive cyanobacterial species (Raphidiopsis raciborskii, Chrysosporum bergii, and Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides) have been identified in several water bodies. The Shannon diversity index showed that the highest diversity was found in one of the most eutrophic lake (Rekąty). Euclidean distance analysis described the highest similarity between two lakes with similar trophic status in Suwałki Lakeland (Przerośl and Hołny). RDA analysis revealed the positive correlations between Chlorophyceae and pH; Cyanophyceae and dissolved oxygen concentration.
A Educação profissional e tecnológica no sistema penitenciário brasileiro: terreno fértil à ressocialização dos encarcerados
Authors: Albuquerque Junior Roinuj Tamborindeguy Batista de , Nascimento Antonia Jozilane dos Santos , Araújo Ana Cláudia Uchôa , Borges Maria Celine
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo promover uma reflexão acerca da oferta da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) para o segmento de Jovens e Adultos, dentro do sistema prisional brasileiro, discutindo sobre sua pertinência no contexto de ressocialização. Quanto à metodologia empregada, trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, mediante discussão do ordenamento jurídico e investigação de publicações sobre o assunto em análise. Além do mais, constata-se que a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) oferecida dentro dos presídios brasileiros ainda possui deficiências no que diz respeito à formação dos educadores, à prática pedagógica, à preparação dos ambientes prisionais em que as aulas serão ministradas e à oferta de materiais adequados para os professores e alunos, dentre outras deficiências. Em suma, infere-se que os resultados obtidos demonstraram a grande relevância da implementação das políticas públicas de educação, destinadas aos encarcerados, haja vista que são consideradas um importante instrumento de ressocialização capaz de promover o melhor aproveitamento dos recursos públicos investidos nas pessoas encarceradas, de modo que a sociedade é beneficiada no momento em que aquelas retornam à convivência social.
Estado do conhecimento sobre a formação de professores EBTT entre 2016 e 2020
Authors: Casa Volmar Meia , Rinaldi Renata Portela
Published: December 2024

As discussões sobre a formação de professores ganharam novos argumentos com a Resolução CNE/CP n. 2/2019 e a Resolução CNE/CP n. 1/2020 que estabeleceram diretrizes para a formação inicial e continuada em consonância com a BNCC. A Resolução CNE/CP n. 1/2021, que define diretrizes para a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), também deu elementos ao debate. Neste cenário, este é um artigo sobre o estado do conhecimento da formação docente na Educação Básica, Profissional, Técnica e Tecnológica (EBTT). Objetiva apresentar as pesquisas realizadas no quadriênio 2016 – 2020 sobre a formação de professores que atuam na modalidade. O levantamento bibliográfico ocorreu nas bases de dados da ANPAE, ANPED, BDTD, ENDIPE e Periódicos Capes. As etapas englobaram a preparação das palavras-chave, definição do recorte temporal levantamento, registro e checagem dos dados, leitura e análise dos resumos das obras selecionadas, categorização e tabulação dos dados. Procurou-se responder à questão: o que a literatura diz a respeito da formação dos docentes na EPT? Concluiu-se que a formação docente na EBTT é pouco abordada em relação à outras temáticas sondadas pelo campo da formação docente.
Financial technology adoption and bank stability among African economies: Is the relationship monotonic?
Authors: Timothy Okoli Tochukwu
Published: December 2024

Many researchers attribute the vulnerability of African banks to poor innovation and technology adoption in the continent. While many studies suggest that Fintech adoption can mitigate instabilities/risks, this study argues that adopting Fintech brings both challenges and opportunities. Consequently, the study examines a monotonic connection between Fintech and bank stability in a panel of 26 African economies from 2004 to 2021. After measuring bank stability with the bank Z-score, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to generate an index of Fintech using various digital payment indicators. The results of the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique reveal that the relationship is U-shaped in the short run but monotonic in the long run with greater magnitude. Hence, an oscillatory divergent relationship was implied for the entire period. That is, Fintech improves and worsens bank stability intermittently over time. The result is still valid with the inclusion of bank-specific and macroeconomic variables but it was improved with the inclusion of institutional variables in the model. Furthermore, the U-test analysis employed as a second-order robustness check for the U-shaped relationship confirms that Fintech adoption will first worsen bank stability before improving it. The study concludes that Fintech’s ability to improve bank stability depends on the extent and quality of institutional development/regulations in the region. The study therefore recommends institutional development and Fintech regulation to guarantee steady financial/bank stability through Fintech adoption.
KÜLTÜREL EKOLOJİK KURAM İLE YENİ BİR KAVRAM OLARAK “EKOLOJİK PERFORMANS” BAĞLAMINDA BURSA MESKEN SEMTİ HALKHAYATINDA: LODOS
Authors: Çobanoğlu Sacide
Published: December 2024

Canlı türleri içinde zekâsıyla farklı bir kategoride yer alan insan, yaşamını sürdürmek için bir yandan ekolojik yapıya uyum sağlamaya diğer yandan değiştirebilecekleri oranında ekolojik yapıya müdahale etmeye çalışmıştır. Ekoloji ile kültür arasındaki dengeyi kurarken gösterdiği ekolojik performans, yaşanan çağın gereklerine göre değişim göstermektedir. Gerek söz konusu dengenin nasıl kurulduğu gerekse insanın bu anlamda gösterdiği ekolojik performansın incelenmesi, toplumların halkhayatlarının araştırılmasıyla mümkündür. Bilim literatüründe 1800 yıllardan itibaren yer almaya başlayan halkhayatı (folklife) Türk halkbiliminde yeterince dikkat çekmemiş bir konudur. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar, ağırlıklı olarak metin merkezli olup halhayatı kavramını karşılamamakta ve yanlış bir kanaatle halkhayatı; halkın belli dönemlerdeki hayatına dair, metinlerde geçen bilgiler olarak ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmamızda kültürel ergonomik kuramla yeni bir kavram olarak ortaya koyduğumuz ekolojik performans bağlamında, Mesken semtinin halkhayatında varlık gösteren lodos rüzgârı incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı; bir kuram ve bir sistem dâhilinde halkhayatı konusunda yapılacak çalışmalara örnek teşkil edecek bir çalışma ortaya koymak, halkhayatının halkbilimi disiplini kapsamında çalışılmasının gerekliliğine vurgu yapmaktır.
Dairy Industry Trends in Russia
Authors: Ul'rih Elena
Published: December 2024

The dairy industry is one of the fastest developing sectors in the world. It depends on a wide range of factors, e.g., consumer demands, production trends, technological achievements, social issues, economy, environment, etc. The article compares the development of the dairy industry in Russia with global trends and outlines the prospects for competitive dairy products on the domestic market. The review covered relevant scientific publications registered in Web of Science, Scopus, eLIBRARY.RU, Springer, and Pubmed in 1990–2024. Personalized dairy foods are a prospective direction. The growing demand for easily digestible castomized dairy products is caused by the world population ageing. Nanotechnology opens new prospects for the diary industry as the latest systems of production management make it easier to run large cattle farms and megafarms. The government allocates investments for agricultural digitalization, selection, and breeding. Stock record and identification are fundamental elements of digital animal husbandry. They initiate all other production processes, i.e., insemination, replacements, milking, feeding, sorting, veterinary and zootechnical services, feed production, etc. These issues will be the focus of dairy research in Russia in the future.
Luminescent Control of Milk Freezing during Transportation and Storage
Authors: Belyakov Mihail , Efremenkov Igor
Published: December 2024

Optical monitoring improves the efficiency of milk storage and transportation. For instance, optical photoluminescent diagnostics can be used to determine accidental freezing of milk caused by inappropriate storage and transportation. This research featured milk of Michurino brand with 3.2% fat. Its parameters were monitored using an Expert Profi ultrasonic analyzer. The optical diagnostics involved a CM2203 diffraction spectrofluorimeter. After temporary defrosting, the milk quality deteriorated. The spectral characteristics of the previously frozen sample and the control demonstrated quantitative differences in the range of 300–400 nm. Differences also occurred at excitation wavelengths of 324 nm and 360 nm while the excitation wavelengths of 290 nm and 445 nm did not react to freezing. Integral photoluminescence flux Φ324 in the sample subjected to temporary freezing exceeded the same indicator in the unfrozen sample by 12.5% whereas fluxes Φ445 remained almost the same. These differences made it possible to develop an express method for detecting milk freezing. It included excitation with 324 nm (working xcitation) and 445 nm (reference excitation), registration of photoluminescent radiation at 360–600 nm and 480–660 nm, and calculation of the Φ324 vs. Φ445 ratio. The method may be used with LEDs or photodiodes for a non-destructive express monitoring of milk during its storage and transportation in cold regions.
Üç Farklı Metasezgisel Algoritma Kullanılarak Petek Kirişlerin Yer Değiştirme Optimizasyonu
Authors: Albayati Marwan Abdulkareem Shakir , Noorı Ahmad Reshad
Published: December 2024

Petek kirişlerin kullanımı, çok yönlü mimari özellikleri nedeniyle son dönemde büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu özellikler, farklı şekillerde boşluk içeren belirgin geometrik formları kapsamaktadır. Petek kirişler, artan eğilme mukavemeti sağlayarak hem ekonomik hem de çevresel açıdan faydalıdır; ayrıca, ağırlık artışı olmaksızın üretim teknikleri sayesinde kesit direncini artırmaktadır. Bu kirişler hastaneler, depolar, otoparklar, okullar ve alışveriş merkezleri gibi çeşitli yapılarda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, altıgen boşluklu petek kirişlerin performansı S235, S255 ve S355 olmak üzere üç farklı malzeme kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Optimum kesit boyutları, düşey yer değiştirmeyi temsil eden bir amaç fonksiyonu yardımıyla belirlenmiştir. Optimizasyon için çiçek tozlaşması algoritması (FPA), ateş böceği algoritması (FA) ve yarasa algoritması (BA) olmak üzere üç farklı meta-sezgisel algoritma kullanılmıştır. Üç algoritmanın karşılaştırma sonuçları, ateş böceği ve çiçek tozlaşması algoritmalarının benzer sonuçlar verdiğini ve çiçek tozlaşması algoritmasının uygulama açısından en uygun algoritma olduğunu göstermiştir.
Assessing factors affecting the use of chlorine dispensers for household water treatment in rural Kenya, Malawi, and Uganda
Authors: Evance Illah , Ongeta Ferdnand , Chebet Sharon , Kitchel Andrew , Reep Maarten van de , Baraza Moses K. , Maina James , Onyango Andrew
Published: December 2024

Although chlorination is widely accepted as a safe and cost-effective water treatment method, its adoption by the rural populations remains low. This leaves about 26% of the world's population – including 70% in Sub-Saharan Africa – with a lack of access to safely managed drinking water and exposure to hazards of drinking unsafe water. This work used data collected in a repeated cross-sectional study conducted between 2021 and 2022 in Kenya, Uganda, and Malawi to assess factors that influence a community's adoption of chlorine to treat water. The results indicate that households that observed good water storage and handling practices, had knowledge on the benefits of chlorine, understood the correct procedure of using chlorine dispensers, received promotional messages, and used functional chlorine dispensers were more likely to have chlorine residual in their drinking water. Conversely, households where children collected the drinking water were less likely to have chlorine residual in their drinking water. Community promoters who themselves used chlorinated water were associated with a higher chlorine adoption by the communities they serve. The study recommends continuous community education on chlorine water treatment; training on water collection, storage, and handling practices; extending water treatment education to children; and ensuring robust chlorine supply chains.
Development of a new self-adaptive F-NSGA-III algorithm with fuzzy structure for designing urban water distribution networks
Authors: Esmaeili Yousef , Yosefvand Fariborz , Shabanlou Saeid , Rajabi Ahmad , Izadbakhsh Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2024

The present study establishes an optimization procedure in several sample networks with the objective of reducing the cost and eliminating the pressure deficit throughout the entire network. The optimization mechanism is implemented by coding the novel self-adaptive F-NSGA-III algorithm with a fuzzy structure in the MATLAB environment and integrating it with the EPANET framework. Initial definition of the cost function is based on the correlation between the cost, diameter, and length of the pipes. Subsequently, the program is ran through 10,000 and 20,000 iterations. In order to enhance the rate of convergence, the cost resulting from the breach of the permissible pressure range (minimum: 30 m and maximum: 60 m) is included into this function. Subsequently, the program is executed once more to get the optimal solution. The results indicate that the F-NSGA-III algorithm, has superior speed in identifying optimal solutions as compared to NSGA-II. In this method, the utilization of fuzzy structure and the consideration of the cost of violating the permissible pressure in each iteration result in the fastest attainment of the optimal response, as previously achieved by other researchers, for sample networks. Therefore, this structure yields more optimal solutions with fewer iterations and substantially reduces the time required to achieve convergence.
Accurate and Simple Prediction of Ice-Melting Capacity in Chloride Deicer Brine Blends
Authors: Koefod Scott
Published: December 2024

The use of brines is among the most effective ways to reduce application rates and the corresponding environmental impact of chloride deicing salts. Understanding the ice-melting performance of brines is critical for optimizing their application. The ice-melting capacities of 23.3 percent NaCl, 30.0 percent MgCl2, and 30.0 percent CaCl2, as well as binary 70/30 and ternary 70/15/15 (by weight) blends of the NaCl brine with MgCl2 and/or CaCl2 brines, were measured by a “tracer dilution” approach with coefficients of variation between 0.03 and 0.44 percent. The ice-melting capacities of the individual chloride salts agreed reasonably well with the values predicted from standard reference freezing point depression curves for the individual salts but consistently overestimated them by ∼3 to 5 percent. The ice-melting capacities of the binary brine blends agreed even more closely with theoretical values calculated from the aggregate freezing point depression data for the chloride salts and blends in the literature as determined by an empirical virial equation, giving high confidence that the ice-melting capacity of chloride salt blends can be easily calculated with good accuracy for field application purposes from existing freezing point depression data without the need to test every different brine blend at every temperature. In both binary and ternary blends of NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 brines, the ice-melting capacity is essentially the sum of the ice-melting capacities of the individual brine components with no significant synergism apparent.
POTENCIAL DE AÇÃO DOS LASERS PARA O TRATAMENTO DA HIPERSENSIBILIDADE DENTINÁRIA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Medeiros Jamyle Moura de , Silva Iara Petrato Bruck Honorio da , Leite Juan Vitor Costa , Macedo Neto Hermano Nóbrega , Muniz Isis de Araújo Ferreira , Pinto Rinaldo Moreira , Lima Renally Bezerra Wanderley e
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A hipersensibilidade dentinária (HD) caracteriza-se por ser uma condição oral de dor aguda bastante comum. Essa dor se dá pela exposição dos túbulos dentinários aos estímulos do meio oral. Existem diferentes tipos de tratamento disponíveis que são utilizados para melhorar essa condição, e a laserterapia é um deles trazendo analgesia, reduzindo a sensação dolorosa da HD. Assim, se faz importante realizar um levantamento atual da literatura a fim de obter uma evidência científica sobre a eficácia do laser como tratamento da HD e os parâmetros da aplicação do laser. Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, qual o efeito da laserterapia na dor em pacientes com hipersensibilidade dentinária. Metodologia: As bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane e Embase foram utilizadas para a busca dos artigos, sem restrição de anos ou idiomas. As seguintes palavras chaves/termos foram utilizadas: “tooth”, “dentine”, “pulp”, “sensitivity”, “hipersensitivity”, “irradiation”, “discomfort”, “pain”, “low-level light therapy”, “low-intensity light”, “soft laser”, “cold laser”, “photobiomodulation”. Na extração dos dados foi elaborado um formulário padronizado. Para a avaliação do risco de viés foi utilizado o Cochrane’s risk of bias tool for randomized trials. Resultados: Os dados foram analisados por meio de uma síntese qualitativa detalhando os principais resultados dos estudos incluídos. O uso de laser de baixa potência foi eficaz para redução da hipersensibilidade dentinária em 100% (n=13) dos estudos incluídos, com uma redução de no mínimo 70%.  Conclusões: Todos os estudos apresentaram baixo risco de viés.  O uso de laser de baixa potência para o tratamento da hipersensibilidade dentinária parece ser eficaz.
Palavras-Chave: Hipersensibilidade dentinária; Laserterapia; Dor; Tratamento.
ACOLHIMENTO PEDAGÓGICO EM ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE NA BAHIA, BRASIL.
Authors: Nunes Larissa , Souza Mariluce Karla Bomfim de , Araújo Marcos Vinicius Ribeiro de , Oliveira Lígia de Gaia Azevedo de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, retrospectivo e descritivo, sobre o Acolhimento Pedagógico vivenciado na Diretoria de Atenção Básica, em março-dezembro/2022, por uma residente conforme plano de trabalho elaborado com o apoio dos preceptores do serviço e da docente supervisora. Objetivo: Este artigo teve por objetivo discutir sobre o processo de desenvolvimento, monitoramento e avaliação do Acolhimento Pedagógico enquanto estratégia de Educação Permanente em Saúde para a Atenção Primária à Saúde no estado da Bahia, a partir do relato de uma vivência acadêmico-profissional. Metodologia: Foram elaborados instrumentos de monitoramento da estratégia posto em exercício no cotidiano de trabalho dos gestores da Diretoria de Atenção Básica, assim como a elaboração do instrumento de avaliação, considerando ainda, os demais processos elaborados e executados, secundários a estes como: peças informativas; documentos orientadores; cards; formulários; e planilhas. Resultados: Constatou-se a importância da comunicação nas práticas em saúde, vinculada a necessidade da implantação de instrumentos ativos para subsidiar o monitoramento e a avaliação dessas práticas. Conclusão: Sabe-se da dimensão de ações com a finalidade de monitorar e avaliar as estratégias em Saúde Pública, compreendendo ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde, a essa perspectiva reforça-se a importância dos instrumentos de Planejamento e Gestão, dando ênfase ao comprometimento articulado entre ensino e serviço.
Palavras-Chave: Atenção Básica à saúde. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Educação Permanente em saúde. Monitoramento em saúde. Avaliação em saúde.
Biological hydrogen synthesis as an alternative energy of the future without environmental pollution?
Authors:   Heinrich Braun Clinic Zwickau, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Zwickau, Germany, Koch Horst J.
Published: December 2024

Direct photobiological hydrogen production would be an ideal solution for the environment, especially since it releases oxygen as a by-product with low environmental impact. The efficiencies achieved so far are not yet sufficient to compete economically - yield/expenditure - with the established processes of H2 production or even fossil fuels. Aspects of the safety, storage and transport of hydrogen must also be taken into account. In the field of photobiological hydrogen production, further scientific efforts are needed to understand molecular biology and increase the effectiveness of biophotolysis. In addition to genetic modifications, biophysical-biochemical methods such as the optimization of the environment (pH, temperature, gas and ion activities, etc.) or electric and magnetic fields are also discussed in order to optimize the yield of photosynthetic hydrogen. Ultimately, only innovative ideas – which will also contribute to the understanding of photosynthesis – in the field of the photosynthetic hydrogenase system can help this environmentally friendly and desirable approach to hydrogen production to achieve lasting economic success.
The Application of Different Pulmonary Ultrasound Scores in Severe Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Luo Jie , Deng Jie , Wang Yuting , Qiu Lihua
Published: December 2024

Severe pneumonia (SP) is a common cause of septic shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), leading to multiorgan dysfunction
syndrome. Patients with SP often require respiratory support, and SP is associated with high mortality and is a significant economic burden for
hospitalized patients. Therefore, early identification and real-time monitoring of the severity of SP are crucial for improving outcomes. Previous
research has reported that the lung ultrasound score (LUSS) can be used to diagnose and assess the severity of SP, guide treatment, and improve
prognosis. Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, various LUSS systems have been developed to help identify the unique characteristics of SP
and reduce the risk of death. However, there is currently a lack of standardization in the use of these systems. This article provides key information
about lung ultrasound (LUS) and different versions of the LUSS, aiming to standardize and simplify the clinical application of LUS and the LUSS
for SP patients.
Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Patients with High-grade Gross Hematuria
Authors: Oh Chang Hoon , Lee Hyo Jeong , Choi Sang Lim
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

To investigate factors influencing the effectiveness and safety of super-selective embolization in patients with high-grade gross hematuria.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective, single-center study included 19 consecutive cancer patients (12 men and 7 women, mean age of 72.3 years) who had undergone
TAE for intractable hematuria between January 2008 and February 2024. Factors such as technical and clinical success rates, embolized vessels,
embolic agents used, and complications were evaluated. This study specifically focused on patients with severe hematuria (grade 3 or above) and
examined the effects of super-selective embolization, hematuria grade, and embolic agents on patient outcomes.

Results:

Technical success was achieved in all 23 angiography procedures performed, with a clinical success rate of 56.5%. Clinical success was
significantly correlated with hematuria grade, super-selectivity of the procedure, and type of embolic agent used. Multivariate logistic regression
analysis revealed that the embolic material, specifically tris-acryl gelatin microspheres (TAGM), was an independent factor that significantly
affected clinical outcomes. No major complications were reported.

Conclusion:

TAGM for supers-elective embolization in patients with massive gross hematuria is both effective and safe. However, the effectiveness of TAE
may decrease in patients with severe hematuria, highlighting the need for combination therapies.
A Case Study of Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Schwannoma and Mul-tiple Thoracic Vertebral Haemangiomas Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination: Insights from MRI Imaging
Authors: Majrashi Naif Ali A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Spinal schwannomas are benign intradural extramedullary tumors of Schwann cells, while hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors found in the vertebral column.

Case Representation:

This case study presents a 32-year-old male who developed both a spinal schwannoma and multiple thoracic vertebral haemangiomas following a COVID-19 infection and subsequent vaccination. The patient reported intermittent lumbar and thigh pain over 6-8 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an intradural ex-tramedullary schwannoma at the L5 vertebra and multiple thoracic haemangiomas at the T6-T7 levels. The schwannoma was surgically resected, and pathology confirmed the di-agnosis. Postoperatively, the patient’s symptoms improved significantly, with no compli-cations.

Conclusion:

This case raises questions about a possible link between COVID-19 and these spinal conditions. Further research is warranted to explore the potential association between viral infection, vaccination, and tumor development.