bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Vierge aux fuseaux – Madone Lansdowne. Hypothèses sur l’influence de Léonard de Vinci dans l’exécution de l’œuvre
Authors: Pasquali Cinzia
Published: June 2024

La Vierge aux fuseaux, ou Madone Lansdowne, a eu une histoire mouvementée. Ce texte détaille les divers possesseurs connus et les interventions de restauration substantielles subies en 1911 et 1970, notamment des transpositions, qui ont altéré sa structure originale. Une restauration minutieuse de l’œuvre a été entreprise entre 2016 et 2018 encadrée par l’Opificio delle Pietre Dure de Florence. Cette opération a été précédée et accompagnée par une étude très complète de la technique originale et des dégradations subies. Une comparaison approfondie entre les techniques employées dans La Vierge aux fuseaux et celles identifiables dans d’autres œuvres reconnues de Léonard révèle des correspondances significatives en termes de matériaux, de préparation, de techniques de dessin sous-jacent et d’exécution picturale. Bien que l’attribution reste discutée, les résultats suggèrent une connexion plausible avec le maître, étayée par des similitudes techniques et stylistiques. Cette analyse vise à contribuer au débat académique sur l’attribution de l’œuvre à travers les informations acquises pendant l’intervention de restauration.
Nouveaux regards sur Léonard de Vinci par l’imagerie scientifique
Authors: Ravaud Élisabeth , Bastian Gilles , Calligaro Thomas , Eveno Myriam , Laval Éric , Pichon Laurent
Published: June 2024

La recherche sur les pratiques picturales de Léonard de Vinci a bénéficié d’une nouvelle technique d’analyse non invasive devenue, par le biais des développements informatiques, une technique d’imagerie : la cartographie de fluorescence X. Les apports de cette technique seront illustrés à partir d’exemples nous informant sur la genèse des œuvres, la connaissance de la palette, l’analyse des motifs de la composition souvent devenus peu lisibles en raison du vieillissement de la matière, ainsi que la technique de réalisation des carnations. Nous tenterons ainsi d’esquisser une évolution des pratiques du maître.
Des transports publics pour tous ? Une évaluation des arrêts de la STIB à Bruxelles
Authors: Dobruszkes Frédéric , Grandjean Martin , Nihoul Arthur , Descamps Julien
Published: June 2024

Cet article analyse le caractère inclusif des arrêts de transport public à Bruxelles pour les personnes en situation de handicap. L’approche combine des analyses qualitatives (entretiens et parcours commentés avec plusieurs associations, personnes en situation de handicap utilisatrices des transports publics et autorités publiques) et une analyse quantitative des 2 487 arrêts du réseau STIB. L’étude montre que l’aménagement des arrêts de transport résulte d’une grande variété d’acteurs. Le degré d’inclusivité des arrêts est largement hérité d’une époque où l’on se souciait peu des voyageurs avec des besoins spécifiques. Malgré des efforts significatifs ces dernières années, une part importante des arrêts de transport public demeurent non inclusifs. Cette proportion dépend cependant des contraintes de déplacement considérées. Il n’y a pas de géographie claire du degré d’inclusivité sauf pour certains modes de transport (arrêts souterrains vs en surface) et pour certains corridors de bus ou de tram aménagés de manière homogène.
Openbaar vervoer voor iedereen? Beoordeling van de MIVB-haltes in Brussel
Authors: Dobruszkes Frédéric , Grandjean Martin , Nihoul Arthur , Descamps Julien
Published: June 2024

Cet article analyse le caractère inclusif des arrêts de transport public à Bruxelles pour les personnes en situation de handicap. L’approche combine des analyses qualitatives (entretiens et parcours commentés avec plusieurs associations, personnes en situation de handicap utilisatrices des transports publics et autorités publiques) et une analyse quantitative des 2 487 arrêts du réseau STIB. L’étude montre que l’aménagement des arrêts de transport résulte d’une grande variété d’acteurs. Le degré d’inclusivité des arrêts est largement hérité d’une époque où l’on se souciait peu des voyageurs avec des besoins spécifiques. Malgré des efforts significatifs ces dernières années, une part importante des arrêts de transport public demeurent non inclusifs. Cette proportion dépend cependant des contraintes de déplacement considérées. Il n’y a pas de géographie claire du degré d’inclusivité sauf pour certains modes de transport (arrêts souterrains vs en surface) et pour certains corridors de bus ou de tram aménagés de manière homogène.
Nonlinear Flight Dynamics Modeling of an Air-Launched Tailsitter UAS
Authors:   Texas A&M University, Stewart Reuben-Wayne , Dooher Jack , Benedict Moble
Published: June 2024

This paper discusses the development of a fully-nonlinear flight dynamics model of a hover-capable Air-Launched Uncrewed Aerial System (ALUAS) in order to (1) understand the dynamics, controllability, and air loads of these type of aircraft while performing complicated maneuvers, (2) formulate design principles to feed back into the development of the realized physical aircraft, and (3) provide a high-fidelity dynamic framework to develop novel control laws. The flight dynamics model is developed using a software called Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System (RCAS), where each component of the vehicle was modeled with varying fidelity. Wind tunnel tests were conducted on fullscale models to measure the forces and moments on the propeller, the isolated fuselage, and the full aircraft. Wind tunnel tests were also conducted to measure the forces and moments on the full aircraft for different wing folding angles. The thrust and torque of the propeller as well as the lift predictions for the aircraft correlated well with the test data while the drag and pitching moment were under-predicted. The qualitative trend of the forces and moments on the aircraft during wing unfolding were also correctly predicted. The RCAS model, once corrected with the test data, was used to simulate nominal maneuvers including edgewise flight, hover-to-cruise transition, cruise-to-hover transition, ground-launch, air-launch from a moving helicopter, and air-launch with asymmetric wing unfolding. These simulations demonstrated the capability of the vehicle to perform complicated maneuvers to meet various mission objectives in challenging environments.
Performance Impacts of Wing and Rotor Placement on a Quadrotor Tailsitter
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Niemiec Robert ,   North Carolina State University, Gandhi Farhan ,   DEVCOM ARL, Reddinger Jean-Paul , Hensel Remi , Gerdes John
Published: June 2024

Design modifications to a 3lb variant of DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory's Common Research Configuration (CRC-3) are assessed using simulation tools. To identify areas for improvement, the baseline CRC-3 is analyzed in hover and forward flight, and contributors to overall power consumption are identified, with the rotor drag consuming the greatest amount of power, due to the high rotational speeds required to maintain thrust in the face of the freestream velocity. Potential areas for improvement are identified as: wing airfoil, rotor blade pitch, and rotor orientation. Changing the airfoil has little to no measurable effect on the overall power consumption. Increasing the blade pitch improves cruise performance considerably, but at the cost of hover efficiency, for an overall range improvement of up to 28%. Changing the rotor orientation improves rotor efficiency as well, without substantial cost to hover power consumption, increasing the range by 37% but will require a redesign of the CRC-3 supporting structure to avoid the blades striking the structure. Experimentally determined trim sweeps of pitch and power requirement are shown for the quadrotor, tailsitter, and three different wing incidence angles (10°, 20°, and 40°), showing up to 28% reductions in minimum power.
Macrophage activation syndrome: a lifetrheatening complication in a 44 year old woman
Authors: Natale Raffaele , Morena Annadora , Nasti Clelia , Bertolini Nicoletta , Pasanisi Fabrizio , Santarpia Lidia
Published: June 2024

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of autoimmune diseases. A 44-yearold woman was admitted to the hospital for further evaluation due to swelling in the left latero-cervical region, a mild fever that persisted for two weeks, itchy papular skin lesions, oral ulcers, and diffuse joint pain. Her medical history reported hypertension, diffused painful joints, and a pauci-symptomatic recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. A severe, drug-resistant fever developed while the patient was in the hospital. Infectious diseases were excluded and blood cultures, swabs, and serum antibody dosages were carried out. In a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, MAS was diagnosed due to the presence of fever, bilinear cytopenia, high ferritin, transaminase, and triglyceride levels with low fibrinogen levels. Methyl-prednisolone at immunosuppressive dosages and cyclosporine were started. Hematobiochemical parameters gradually returned to normal as the fever subsided. The patient’s condition is being monitored while the cyclosporine therapy is continued and the steroidal therapy is gradually tapered off. It was not possible to show a potential link to the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A Rare Concurrence of Polymorphic Pityriasis Rosea: Two Atypical Variants Along with a Classical Plaque Variant in the Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Yadav Vidya , Mendiratta Vibhu , Yadav Twinkle , Osama Md. Ali , Chatterjee Priti
Published: June 2024

Pityriasis rosea, is an acute self-limiting papulosquamous inflammatory disorder. It usually starts with a herald patch on the trunk and proximal extremities, followed by scaly oval patches that give them a “Christmas tree” appearance. The lesions may be associated with fever a rash. The disease can present as numerous morphologies such as papular, urticarial, lichenoid, and generalized that may be confused with other conditions such as secondary syphilis, seborrheic dermatitis, nummular eczema, pityriasis lichenoides chronica, tinea corporis, viral exanthems, lichen planus, and PR like eruption linked to particular drugs. We report a rare case of polymorphic pityriasis rosea in paediatric age group.
Analysis of Pediatric Procedural Dermatology at a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Mishra Sasmita , Sahoo Alaka , Panda Anil Kumar , Panda Maitreyee , Jena Ajaya Kumar
Published: June 2024

Background:

Pediatric procedural dermatology is a broad and emerging aspect in the field of dermatology. Pediatric procedures require great expertise, skill, empathy, and confidence on the part of the treating physician. The challenging factors such as parental anxiety and doubts, the child’s cooperation, and the risks versus benefits are further contributory.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to summarize the risks of intra- and postoperative complications/side effects during diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in the pediatric population.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study in our hospital. Patients were taken between ages 0 and 18 years who had attended the dermatology outpatient department from January 2019 to March 2022.

Results:

In a total of 527 outpatient department patients, 267 (50.66%) were males and 260 (49.33%) were females (male:female ratio 1.02:1). Out of diagnostic procedures, the most commonly performed procedures were punch biopsy (14.61%), followed by autologous serum skin test (11.81%) and slit-skin smear (1.90%). Out of 15 therapeutic procedures, intralesional steroids (21.34%) were the most frequently performed therapeutic procedure, followed by radiofrequency cauterization (16.51%), autologous skin therapy (6.98%), cryotherapy (8.76%), nail surgery (2.79%), chemical peeling (2.79%), comedone extraction (2.66%), chemical cauterization (2.54%), neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (2.16%), platelet-rich plasma therapy (1.39%), diode laser (1.27%), measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine injection (0.89%), fractional carbon dioxide laser (0.63%), suction blister epidermal grafting (0.63%), and platelet-rich fibrin therapy (0.25%).

Conclusions:

This study provided comprehensive data on the various dermatological procedures done for pediatric cases in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures caused mild and transient side effects such as pain, edema, erythema, burning sensations, and irritation that did not affect the patient’s lifestyle.
Adverse drug reaction after application of Amapachana upanaha (~poultice application): An observation
Authors: Wasedar Vishwanath S , Koppad Chinmayi Iranna , Davalbhai Samiuzzama
Published: June 2024

It is the most common belief in Indians that herbal drugs are completely safe and do not produce any adverse effects. However, this belief is not always true. A case of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) after the application of an Ayurveda formulation is presented in this case report. An 82-year-old male patient, a resident of Belagavi, with a history of hypertension, presented to Ayurveda hospital with complaints of pain in bilateral knee joints for the last two months that aggravated since last week. As per Ayurveda parameters, he was diagnosed with a case of Sandhigata vata (~vitiated Vata dosha in joints; National Ayurveda Morbidity Code: AAE-16) comparable to osteoarthritis. He was admitted to the inpatient department on March 28, 2022, and after taking consent, Ayurveda treatment was started. Amapachana upanaha (~poultice application) over the bilateral knee joints was one among the treatment procedures followed in the case. On the second day of treatment (March 30, 2022), he suddenly developed reddish discoloration and the appearance of boils over the bilateral knee joint after the administration of Amapachana upanaha. The patient was managed with external application of Shatadhouta ghrita (~processed ghee) over the affected part along with internal administration of tablet Laghusootashekara vati (1600 mg) twice a day for three days for the suspected ADR. After three days of therapeutic intervention, blisters and discoloration were reduced and the patient was discharged on April 4, 2022, with internal follow-up medications for the next 15 days. This case report highlights the importance of preassessment and awareness toward the careful use of Ayurveda medicines like that of contemporary medications to address such ADRs.
Naturopathic approach towards pediatric atopic dermatitis: A case report
Authors: Monicasun MR , Kumar P. Naresh , Balakrishnan Ragavendrasamy , Leela Tharima Kaliyanthil , Ravindran Dhilip V.
Published: June 2024

A 75-day-old male infant presented to the Naturopathy and Yoga Hospital by his mother with complaints of a dry, scaly, and itchy scalp, dry skin, and crying while passing stools for a month. He was diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) using the Hanifin–Rajka criteria. The infant has been administered two topical applications on the entire body for ten days using Epsom salt (5 g) (magnesium sulfate) mixed with Aloe vera (15 g), turmeric powder (about 0.6 g) in warm coconut oil. Modifications in the mother’s diet were also advised. The case report shows remarkable changes in the symptoms with a reduction in the scaly patches on the scalp and rashes over the body. Following ten days of intervention, the baby stopped crying while passing stools. On follow-up, 30 days after the discharge, no relapses were reported, and the child was healthy. This case report shows the simple topical application of Epsom salt, coconut oil, Aloe vera, and turmeric combinations in the management of pediatric AD, inferring that, naturopathy interventions can be safe, and cost-effective in managing the AD in infants. However, further large-scale studies are warranted in this area for establishing safety, and efficacy and for large-scale applications in pediatric cases.
Mental Disability in Schizophrenia and its Psychopathological Correlates: A Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Handral Harshitha V. , Shivappa Madhusudhan , Jeevan Yamasandhi Mallegowda
Published: June 2024

Background:

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder with a relapsing course with generally incomplete remissions and functional decline with varying positive and negative symptoms along with cognitive impairments. Despite the widespread availability of medications to suppress psychosis and prevent relapse, schizophrenia patients continue to remain disabled in different functional aspects in the community. Disability can hence be termed as one of the consequences of schizophrenia.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of mental disability among patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate the association between clinical features and disabilities among them.

Methods:

Fifty-three patients who came to psychiatry outpatients in a government tertiary health care hospital who fulfill diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia with at least 2 years of duration of illness and have been on pharmacotherapy for at least 8 weeks before the day of assessment were considered into the study after obtaining an informed consent. The Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview screening for psychiatric diagnosis was applied. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was applied to know the illness severity of schizophrenia. The Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale is applied to all to assess the disability among the participants. The Clinician Rating Scale is applied to determine the treatment compliance with psychiatric medications. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) was applied to all participants to assess their cognitive functioning.

Results:

Mild disability was more prevalent followed by moderate and severe disability. The percentage of disability was found to be positively correlated with negative (r = 0.73) and general psychopathology symptoms (r = 0.67) than with positive symptoms (r = 0.39) and was found to be negatively correlated with total MoCA scores (r = −0.5). All these associations were significant.

Conclusions:

Disability is found to increase with increase in positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptoms and declining cognitive function. Out of all the symptoms, the negative symptoms are found to strongly influence the severity of disability.
Emotional State and Religious Coping Strategies among Junior Doctors in a COVID-19-designated Tertiary Care Hospital in Mysore – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kangil Sanjana Ramanath , Shivarudrappa Narendra Kumar Muthugaduru , Rao Suhas Bhargav Achatapalli Venkata
Published: June 2024

Background:

Health-care workers (HCWs) in India have been heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, facing significant psychological distress due to their challenging work, exposure to the virus, and isolation. This study examines the emotional states and coping strategies of HCWs and the potential effects of religious coping mechanisms on their mental health.

Aim:

To explore the emotional state, coping strategies, and impact of religious beliefs on the mental health of junior doctors in a COVID-19-designated tertiary care hospital in Mysore.

Methods:

The cross-sectional survey-based observational study included residents and house surgeons working in COVID-19 wards. Sociodemographic data along with their emotional state and coping strategies were assessed using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Brief COPE Inventory, and the Brief Religion COPE. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation were used to evaluate the relationship between variables.

Results:

Majority (57.2%) of the participants were between 21 and 25 years and of male gender (61.6%), with Hinduism being the most prevalent religious affiliation (88.4%). Most (71.7%) tested positive for COVID-19. A significant prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among HCWs. Significant associations were found between stress, anxiety, and factors such as living alone, working in emergency care, substance use, and associations between religious coping and emotional status.

Conclusion:

The study highlighted the psychological distress faced by HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic and proposes that religious coping techniques may help their mental health amid emergencies. Promoting an integrated strategy that incorporates psychological and religious coping mechanisms may improve health-care personnel’s overall resilience and mental well-being in the face of future challenges.
The Impact of Chlorhexidine as an Endodontic Irrigant/Medicament on Post-Obturation Pain in Patients Following Endodontic Therapy: A Preliminary Bayesian Meta-Analysis
Authors: Brave Dexter R. , Langaliya Akshayraj K. , Rai Jasuma S. , Buch Aastha , Mahendra Muktishree , Patel Saloni
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

To assess the overall impact of chlorhexidine, when used as an endodontic irrigant/medicament, on post-obturation pain following endodontic treatment by the application of Bayes methods of meta-analysis. This study aimed to combine recently documented evidence using rigorous and specific search criteria. The available data were analyzed using Bayesian methods, which have the advantage of accounting for uncertainties in estimates. This is in contrast to commonly used frequentist meta-analysis methods, which are not able to model uncertainties as effectively, particularly when there is heterogeneity present. A preliminary search was conducted in the Pubmed, Cochrane, and Scielo databases using appropriate keywords. The search aimed to identify human randomized clinical studies that evaluated post-operative endodontic pain and involved the use of chlorhexidine as an endodontic irrigant or medicament. The preliminary Bayesian meta-analysis produced a more accurate estimate compared to a frequentist random effect meta-analysis model, with a narrower credible interval. The frequentist model demonstrated a detrimental impact of chlorhexidine on post-obturation pain, while the Bayesian model indicated a somewhat favorable effect of chlorhexidine on post-obturation pain. Based on the scope of this investigation, it can be inferred that a Bayesian random effects meta-analysis model demonstrated a somewhat favorable impact of chlorhexidine on post-endodontic pain, which carries significant therapeutic significance.
In vitro Assessment of the Effects of Host Modulatory Agents on Osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Haque Tahsinul
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Osteoclastogenesis, the formation of osteoclasts from precursor cells, plays a pivotal role in bone remodeling and associated pathologies like osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Host modulatory agents (HMAs) have emerged as potential therapeutic candidates for modulating osteoclastogenesis. However, their effects need comprehensive evaluation through in vitro studies.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, we conducted an in vitro assessment of the effects of a novel HMA on osteoclastogenesis. Primary murine bone marrow-derived macrophages were cultured with the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand to induce osteoclast differentiation. The HMA was administered at various concentrations, and osteoclastogenesis was evaluated through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, osteoclast size measurement, and gene expression analysis of osteoclast markers.

Results:

Treatment with the HMA resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of osteoclast formation. At the highest concentration (100 μM), osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed, with a reduction in the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells from 50 ± 5 to 10 ± 2 per field (P < 0.001). Moreover, the osteoclast size was markedly reduced, with an average diameter of 20 ± 3 μm compared to 35 ± 4 μm in the control group (P < 0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of osteoclast-specific markers, including TRAP, Cathepsin K, and NFATc1, confirming the inhibitory effect of the HMA on osteoclastogenesis.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrate the potential of the investigated HMA as a modulator of osteoclastogenesis. By suppressing osteoclast formation and activity, this agent holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting bone resorption-associated disorders.
Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Various Root Canal Obturation Techniques in Permanent Molars: An In vitro Study
Authors: Deep Amrita , Kundu Moumita , Qamar Seema , Moses Aprajita , Agrawal Raghav , Chatterjee Durba
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Achieving a reliable seal in root canal obturation is essential for the success of endodontic treatment. Despite the availability of multiple techniques, the comparative sealing abilities of these methods remain a topic of investigation, particularly in permanent molars.

Materials and Methods:

This in vitro study involved 60 extracted permanent molars, divided randomly into three groups: Group A (lateral compaction), Group B (thermoplasticized gutta-percha), and Group C (single cone). After instrumentation and obturation, the sealing ability was assessed using a dye penetration method. Arbitrary values were assigned to quantify the extent of dye penetration.

Results:

The mean dye penetration values were as follows: Group B (thermoplasticized gutta-percha) had the lowest penetration (2.1 ± 0.3 mm), followed by Group A (lateral compaction) (3.5 ± 0.4 mm), and Group C (single cone) exhibited the highest penetration (5.2 ± 0.6 mm).

Conclusion:

In this study, thermoplasticized gutta-percha demonstrated superior sealing ability compared to lateral compaction and single cone techniques in permanent molars. These findings underscore the importance of selecting an effective obturation technique to ensure optimal seal integrity in root canal therapy.
Ascending Colon Leiomyoma: A Case Report of a Uncommon Case
Authors: Alotay Abdulwahed A.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

A small number of gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors are caused by leiomyoma, which are uncommon in the colon. Typically, these tumors are benign and asymptomatic. They typically affect middle-aged and older populations. They are uncommon, making up about 3% of gastrointestinal leiomyomas. During a screening colonoscopy, a 52-year-old Saudi male revealed a little, 5-mm ascending colon polyp in this case report. The polyp was transported to the pathology laboratory after being removed using a hot snare polypectomy. The histopathology report confirmed the size of the polyp (5 mm), single, firm, gray-white, polypoid 0.5 cm nodule, and the findings were consistent with inflamed submucosal leiomyoma with inflamed and ulcerated surface. No findings are suggestive of malignant changes. In conclusion, A rare benign tumor, intestinal leiomyoma, can mimic several smooth muscle tumors, especially adnexal masses, making diagnosis difficult. Though nonspecific radiological abnormalities are conceivable, huge size and extra-colic growth increase the likelihood of a diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) can help identify benign leiomyoma from leiomyosarcoma, but tissue diagnosis is best. Histoimmunopathology is crucial to diagnosis. Small and large colonic leiomyoma polyps can be treated by snare polypectomy and wide surgical excision with follow-up. For some leiomyosarcoma patients, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the main treatments.
Effects of alpha music rhythm on inflammation and physical function in chronic knee osteoarthritis: A randomized control trial
Authors: Bhatt Hetvi G , Sharma Amit
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:

Alpha wave stimulation of the brain using music is a relatively new intervention concept for individuals suffering from chronic osteoarthritis of the knee.

Objectives:

To determine the effects of alpha music rhythm on inflammation and physical function in chronic knee osteoarthritis.

Materials and Methods:

Individuals from various in patient and out patient departments of the South Gujarat region were selected and evaluated in a randomized control group trial. Individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I was given alpha music rhythm, exercise therapy, and pain relief electrical modalities, while group II was given only exercise therapy and pain relief electrical modalities.

Results:

Extent of inflammation and physical function were measured using an infrared camera, visual analog scale, muscle girth measurement, musculoskeletal health questionnaire, range of motion, and muscle strength.

Conclusion:

A repeated measure ANOVA and independent t test (confidence interval 95%, P < 0.05) revealed that alpha music rhythm combined with electrical modalities and exercise treatment relieved inflammation and improved physical function in individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis compared to only exercises and electrical modalities.
Effect of physical parameters on Queens College Step Test performance in young adults of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India: An observational study
Authors: Pandya Rachana Ashishkumar , Kaydawala Batul A , Purohit Manthan H , Sheth Megha Sandeep
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) helps physiotherapists in assessing body health and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Assessment of physical parameters may reveal some insight into factors affecting CRF. This study aimed to assess CRF and factors affecting CRF in young adults.

Materials and Methods:

An observational analytical study was conducted on 102 participants from the community of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, aged 18–24 years, males and females. Queens College Step Test (QCT) for CRF, body mass index (BMI) for obesity, Sit and Reach Test for flexibility, and Beiring–Sorenson Test for back endurance were performed, and data were analyzed using odds ratio. VO2max was calculated with McArdle’s equation.

Result:

Mean age of 102 participants was (21.02 ± 1.08) years. Mean values for BMI (23.35 ± 4.48) kg/m2, VO2max of participants who completed the QCT (42.26 ± 3.08) mL/kg/min, back endurance (78.97 ± 37.95) sec, and flexibility (13.72 ± 3.19) inches were seen. OR for QCT with BMI (3.52, CI: 2.41–5.16), flexibility (0.1, CI: 0.04–0.26), endurance (2.8, CI: 2.01–3.94), and history of coronavirus disease-2019 (2.8, CI: 2.04–4.012) were seen.

Conclusion:

The CRF of young adults was found to be low. BMI, flexibility, and back endurance were found to affect CRF in young adults.
Ab. No. 37 Exploring the Perceptions about Exercises Among Women With Infertility: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Preetha R , Shashwathi Gundimi , Rao Bhamini Krishna , Bailey Ajay , Kumar Pratap
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Although there is evidence to support the importance of exercise to improve the chances of conception, poor exercise adherence has been reported in this population. Understanding the perception of exercises will aid in designing exercise programs that may facilitate better adherence. Infertility is a rising global issue and women face greater stigma and consequences of infertility in developing countries. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perceptions about exercises among women with infertility.

Methods:

Face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted among twenty women with infertility aged between 18-45 years. Women with unstable physical or mental conditions were excluded. The primary investigator conducted in-depth face-to-face interviews using a validated interview guide. Data collection was continued until thematic saturation was attained. The data was managed using ATLAS ti software. Two steps were carried out for thematic data analysis. Relevant codes were grouped based on their similarity into code families.

Result:

Women often sought information about exercises from social media, doctors, and family members. Preferred types of exercises were brisk walking and yoga. Supportive family and facilities were the main facilitators and lack of awareness, lack of time, lack of motivation, and lack of family support were identified as barriers.

Conclusion:

Individual perception of health and fitness, the preferred mode of exercise, barriers, and facilitators to perform exercise should be considered before planning an exercise intervention for women with infertility. In our study, the perception of exercise practices among overweight/obese women with infertility remains understudied. Future research could focus on obese or overweight women with infertility (both in rural and urban settings) as it would provide unique perspectives about their perception of exercise

Implications:

This study warrants the necessity to implement health education and awareness programs regarding the benefits of exercise in this population.
Ab. No. 54 Effect of EMG Driven Robotic-Assisted Rehabilitation on Hand Motor Function in Individuals With Stroke – Systematic Review
Authors: Doshi Parshvi , Suthar Vaishali
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

After a stroke, more than 80% of survivors experience common upper limb motor deficits, particularly in distal extremities. The recovery process often involves restoring motor functions in hand. An innovative approach to this involves EMG-driven robotic assistant rehabilitation. By integrating EMG technology with robotics, this method utilizes muscle signals from the patient to control a robotic device, facilitating targeted exercises and promoting neural plasticity for improved hand mobility post-stroke. Enhance motor skills, improve Functionality, and accelerate the rehabilitation process by tailoring the intervention to the individual needs and progression.

Methods:

A bibliographic exploration covered electronic databases like Google Scholar, PUBMED, and ResearchGate, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. From 236 articles, 45 studies were scrutinized, with 10 meeting the inclusion criteria. Among these, 5 were (RCTs) (4 EMG-driven robotics with NMES, 1 EMG-driven robotics). There was 1 case report and 4 single-group studies (2 EMG-driven robotics and NMES, 2 EMG-driven robotics). Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and EMG parameters were outcome measures for hand motor function assessment. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate article bias.

Result:

Significant improvements in FMA and EMG parameters were observed in EMG-driven robotic-assisted rehabilitation. Similar findings were noted in EMG-driven robotic-assisted NMES-assisted rehabilitation.

Conclusion:

EMG-driven robotics enhance hand function and reduce spasticity, aiding stroke rehabilitation.

Implications:

Incorporating these technologies improves stroke rehabilitation, enhancing recovery outcomes for individuals with stroke
Ab. No. 62 Spatiotemporal Parameters of Gait Symmetry and Asymmetry in Normal Healthy Individuals
Authors: Bhandarkar Aditi , Ravindra Savita , Debur Ramesh
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Human gait, or the way people walk, is a complicated motor activity involving coordinated movements of different parts of the body. It is crucial in everyday activities and is influenced by a variety of factors such as age, health status, and musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. Understanding the many characteristics of gait, especially symmetry and asymmetry, is critical for getting insights into normal locomotion patterns and recognizing potential deviations associated with certain conditions. The objective of the current study is to determine the of spatiotemporal parameters of gait symmetry and asymmetry in individuals aged 20 to 79.

Methods:

A Cross-sectional observational study was done on 72 healthy adults (20 to 79 years) using convenience sampling. Subjects were divided into six groups according to the decade having 12 subjects in each group. Gait analysis was done using a portable single layer pressure sensitive walkway (Gait Rite). Subjects were asked to walk three times on the walkway at their preferred speed and data was collected.

Result:

A total of 9 spatiotemporal parameters were studied for evaluating asymmetry of these 7 spatiotemporal parameters were consistently asymmetry across the age groups and two parameters were consistently symmetrical across the age groups.

Conclusion:

The study establishes spatiotemporal parameters of gait symmetry and asymmetry across the age groups in normal ambulatory individuals.

Implications:

The identification of consistent asymmetry and symmetry in spatiotemporal gait parameters across age groups provides valuable insights for understanding the nuances of normal locomotion, aiding in the characterization of age-related variations, and serving as a foundation for detecting potential deviations associated with various conditions.
Ab. No. 70 Efficacy of Perturbation Training on Balance and Function in Older Individuals- An Experimental Study
Authors: Shah Kinjal , Joshi Reema
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Aging involves decline in visual, vestibular and proprioceptive acuity associated with functional limitations and reduced motor function, disturbing balance and increasing risk of fall. The study evaluates the effect of perturbation training in older individuals with mild to moderate risk of fall and its effect on postural stability and balance.

Perturbation training has been advocated as an effective intervention for re-educating proprioception and restoring normal neuromuscular coordination. Older adults can quickly adapt to large postural perturbations, altering their biomechanics and preventing falls.

Methods:

An experimental trial recruited 30 older individuals (65-85 years) with mild to moderate fall risk through purposive sampling. Participants underwent Perturbation Training with tilt-board and conventional balance exercises thrice weekly for four weeks (12 sessions). Modified-CTSIB test on NeuroCom Balance Master® and Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test were taken at baseline and post-completion.

Homogeneity of samples was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk’s Test of Normality. Dependent sample t-tests were employed to analyze group data, with means and standard deviations indicating statistical differences in pre and post outcome measures at 95% confidence interval.

Results:

Pre and post measures on TUG test and M-CTSIB test on NeuroCom Balance Master® shows statistically significant improvement in TUG values(p<0.0001*) and COG sway velocity in all conditions except on Firm surface with eyes open, with FIEO(p<0.1208), FIEC(p<0.0011*), FOEO(P<0.0013*), FOEC(p<0.0001*) and Composite COG sway velocity(p<0.0001*).

Conclusion:

Perturbation training coupled with conventional balance exercises, showed to be effective intervention to improve balance and postural control in older individuals. The study lacked follow-up, leaving room for future studies into continuity of exercises and retention of its effects.

Implications:

Given the effectiveness, the study suggests integrating perturbation training in geriatric rehabilitation protocol to enhance physical function, diminish fear of falling, and boost fall-related self-efficacy.
Ab. No. 71 Evaluate the Neurobehavioral Status of Preterm Infants at Term Equivalent Age
Authors: Chaubey Vishakha , Chanpura Dhwani
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Neurobehavioral development of preterm infants differs from term born infants at term equivalent age and has been shown to be related to environmental and biological factors. Importantly, differences has been shown in neurobehavioral developmental at term in preterm children compared with term born children are associated with later motor, cognitive and behavioural difficulties and contribute to neurodevelopmental impairments in school-age children born preterm. The purpose of the study is to assess the neurobehavior development in infants born as preterm, for early intervention.

The study focuses on age-appropriate movement patterns, motor milestones and any delayed development in infants born as preterm.

Methods:

Total 25 patients, Very Preterm Infants - 13, Late Preterm Infants- 12, From Dhiraj general hospital. Group 1 (VPI), Group 2 (LPI) were assessed at the time of discharge using HNNE at term corrected age. Each of the 34 items on the HNNE was assigned an optimality score of 0, 0.5, 1 totaling up to 34.

Descriptive demographics and clinical data statistics were analysed by SPPS 26 software and quantitative comparison of neurobehavior was made using two sample t-tests.

Result:

Total 25 infants (13 VPI and 12 LPI),the mean of VPI was (20.077 ± 1.2221/ 34), LPI was (25.250 ± 1.3899/34) with a mean difference of 5.173 (0.0001).

Conclusion:

VPI are more immature than their term counterparts even on reaching TCA. The pattern of abnormality varied to various perinatal exposures neurobehavior examination at term equivalent age is useful in evaluating the impact of neonatal intensive care.

Implication:

Assessment of neurobehavior from birth helps determining, the term newborn is developing normally or not, impact of various exposures to perinatal variables whether the infant may have any long term developmental problems so, that appropriate interventions can be commenced immediately.
Ab. No. 92 A Study to Understand the Issues in Physical Health and Coping Strategies of Parents With Disabled Child
Authors: Praveen Kumar C R , Monica E , Rajarajeswari A
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Observational study to find out the major physical health problems faced by parents with disabled child and to determine how parents with disabled child cope, and what kind of coping strategies they use to tackle their physical health problems.

Methods:

This study was conducted on 30 parents having children with neurological or neurodevelopmental disorders. Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF were administered to measure physical health and their Quality of life respectively. Parents were asked to attend one scheduled face to face interview designed to gather information regarding their coping strategies that are used to tackle their physical health problems.

Results:

According to Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, Low back pain and shoulder pain was the commonest sites of pain (76.66%). On WHOQOL-BREF, Social relationship domain was observed to be the best while physical domain had the lowest score. The main coping strategy used by the parents is taking a break [73.33%] followed by undertaking medications like pain killers [43.33%], but least dependency on doing exercises and massage [23.33%].

Conclusion:

Majority of the subjects were having low back pain and shoulder pain. And the main coping strategies used by parents is taking a break followed by undertaking medications like pain killers but least aware on doing exercises.

Implications:

Physiotherapy education can be planned to provide physical support to the caregivers to ease the burden if any through collaborative efforts. Based on our findings most of the parents suffered from back pain and shoulder pain, Mothers should avoid positions bringing load onto the low back during exercises with rehabilitation purposes, training for transport of the child should be given to mothers, and rendering the child as independent as possible in their daily activities must be supported.
Ab. No. 118 Test-Retest Reliability of Commercially Available Bio-Electrical Impedance-Based Body Composition Analyzer in India
Authors: Chandru Sujeeth , Bhupal Divya Priya , Veluswamy Sundar Kumar
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The purpose of the study is to determine the consistency of body composition measures using a commercially available bioelectrical impedance-based body composition analyzer in India. Body composition assessment has application in several clinical populations including but not limited to those with obesity, cancer, renal failure, endocrine disorders. DEXA is considered gold standard but impractical to use in regular clinical practice. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is emerging as a simpler alternative, especially in field settings and routine clinical practice. Its use is also recommended in current sarcopenia diagnostic guidelines. Many low-cost BIA devices are available but their reliability and validity information are seldom available. Such information can improve their relevance and utility in clinical settings.

Methods:

Forty apparently healthy adults (Age: 28±7.5 years; 78% women, BMI: 26.1±4.4). Following necessary approvals, body composition was assessed using four-point full body impedance analysis with Omron HBF-702T device on two occasions (1-4 days apart). The timing of measurement, food and fluid intake were not standardized to mimic clinical scenarios.

Paired T-test determined significant difference between two assessments. Test-retest reliability was determined by ICC using two-way mixed methods model for consistency between measurements.

Results:

There was no clinically and statistically significant difference between two consecutive measurements (Mean difference of - Skeletal Muscle Percentage: 0.06%; Body Fat Percentage: 0.12%; RMR: 8.5 Kcal/day). All parameters exhibited excellent test-retest reliability (ICC & Cronbach’s Alpha: Skeletal Muscle Percentage – 0.97 & 0.98; Body Fat Percentage – 0.93 & 0.96; RMR – 0.94 & 0.97.

Conclusion:

The tested device exhibited excellent test-retest reliability for skeletal muscle, body fat percentage, and resting metabolic rate despite testing in non-standardized routine clinical setting.

Implications:

Bio-electrical impedance-based body composition analyzers could be a reliable way to measure body composition in clinical practice. However, each equipment’s reliability and validity needs to be established prior to clinical use.
Ab. No. 123 Focus On Mental Health in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Kakkad Zeel , Nambiar Veena Kiran , Kadam Chaitali
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

To review and highlight the importance of multidisciplinary interventions to enhance mental wellbeing and quality of life (QOL) in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Mental health problems are three times more relevant in CVD. Globally, 20% of patients have depression after myocardial infarction.

In India the burden of CVD is substantial, people often have stress, anxiety and depression, impacting their overall QOL and increasing the risk of recurrent CVD. Addressing mental health in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves patient outcomes, reduces risk factors, and enhances QOL. Globally, CR has a specific approach to mental health as compared to India.

Methods:

Comprehensive literature search was performed using the search engines PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were selected based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. 25 articles were screened and 12 were included and reviewed. A descriptive analysis was done.

Result:

In India mental health is neglected in CR due to a lack of awareness, cultural barriers, stigma, proper training and education for healthcare professionals. Globally, 38.8% of countries have CR programs; 70% offer psychosocial services and 94% offer stress management services. Screening for depression starts with 2 item patient health questionnaires (PHQ-2) followed by screening with the 9 item PHQ-9 and intervention strategies like cognitive behavioral therapy, metacognitive therapy and Mindfulness-Based stress reduction for mental health. These tools play a vital role in early identification and intervention, ultimately improving the overall well-being of individuals with CVD.

Conclusion:

Globally, significant improvement was reported in CR programs focusing on mental health. In India, screening for mental health is still lacking. It is crucial to incorporate standardized screening tools to bridge this gap.

Implication:

By implementing standardized screening tools and a more comprehensive approach, India can improve the effectiveness of CR and promote the well-being of individuals with CVD.