bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing 3 Approaches for Making Vaccine Adoption Decisions in Thailand
Authors: Rattanavipapong Waranya , Kapoor Ritika , Teerawattananon Yot , Luttjeboer Jos , Botwright Siobhan , Archer Rachel A. , Giersing Birgitte , Hutubessy Raymond C. W.
Published: February 2020

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the Total System Effectiveness (TSE) framework to assist national policy-makers in prioritizing vaccines. The pilot was launched in Thailand to explore the potential use of TSE in a country with established governance structures and accountable decision-making processes for immunization policy. While the existing literature informs vaccine adoption decisions in GAVI-eligible countries, this study attempts to address a gap in the literature by examining the policy process of a non-GAVI eligible country. Methods: A rotavirus vaccine (RVV) test case was used to compare the decision criteria made by the existing processes (Expanded Program on Immunization [EPI], and National List of Essential Medicines [NLEM]) for vaccine prioritization and the TSE-pilot model, using Thailand specific data. Results: The existing decision-making processes in Thailand and TSE were found to offer similar recommendations on the selection of a RVV product. Conclusion: The authors believe that TSE can provide a well-reasoned and step by step approach for countries, especially low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to develop a systematic and transparent decision-making process for immunization policy.
Mural Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease in 2 Pediatric Patients Presenting as Focal Mass
Authors: Manrriquez Alexa , Alharbi Omar , Braskett Melinda , Bhardwaj Vrinda
Published: February 2020

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are a diverse group of intestinal diseases involving the infiltration of eosinophils into the bowel wall. EGID can present with a variety of clinical conditions, which are largely dependent on the location of eosinophils in the intestinal wall. We describe the first reported pediatric cases of EGID presenting with symptomatic partial bowel obstruction from intestinal masses due to isolated focal mural involvement. Both patients subsequently responded favorably to therapy with exclusive elemental nutrition in the first case and exclusive elemental nutrition with steroids in the second case. These cases reveal the wide-ranging clinical manifestations of EGID, expand on the differential diagnosis of focal intestinal masses, and provide guidance on the evaluation of ambiguous cases.
Prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso pós artroplastia total de joelho
Authors: Stuchi Carlos Eduardo , Merino Daniela Faleiros Bertelli
Published: February 2020

A artroplastia total de joelho é um procedimento cirúrgico que vem se tornando cada vez mais frequente. Um grande risco associado a essa cirurgia é a ocorrência do tromboembolismo venoso, que pode levar a diversas complicações e ao óbito. Devido a isso, é necessário a compreensão dos métodos profiláticos, assim como a sua eficácia. O objetivo deste trabalho de revisão é determinar a eficácia dos métodos profiláticos para o tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total de joelho. Foi realizada uma busca com levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science e PEDro. Foram identificados 757 estudos, sendo 228 títulos duplicados. Dos 529 estudos selecionados previamente, 515 foram excluídos pelo título, resumo ou data de publicação. Após a leitura completa de 14 artigos para a elegibilidade, quatro foram descartados. Dessa forma, foram incluídos dez estudos na presente revisão. A prevenção do tromboembolismo venoso pós artroplastia total de joelho é uma conduta indispensável. Por meio da análise dos ensaios clínicos randomizados não foi possível determinar qual é o melhor método. A utilização de terapia combinada, como a associação de medicamentos com a fisioterapia, mostrou bons resultados, ressaltando a importância da equipe multidisciplinar. São necessários mais estudos com metodologias rigorosas para que se possa encontrar a modalidade ideal para cada perfil de paciente.
Efeitos da mobilização neural sobre a dor, força muscular e amplitude de movimento: revisão de literatura
Authors: Pereira Castelo Branco Ana Quesia
Published: February 2020

A mobilização neural é uma técnica utilizada desde 1800 com o objetivo de restaurar o movimento e a elasticidade do sistema nervoso através de técnicas de tensão e alongamento, restabelecendo a neurodinâmica adequada e diminuindo os sintomas gerados por lesões compressivas nervosas. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura brasileira existente acerca do uso da mobilização neural e seus efeitos sobre a dor, força muscular e amplitude de movimento nas diversas disfunções nervosas. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico dos artigos relacionados à mobilização neural publicados entre 2010 e 2018, em língua portuguesa nas bases de dados SciELO e LILACS, a fim de analisar os efeitos da técnica em indivíduos sadios e portadores de patologias compressivas. A técnica demonstrou resultados positivos na diminuição da dor, aumento da força muscular e amplitude de movimento na população avaliada. Conclui-se que a mobilização neural é eficaz ao ser utilizada para reabilitar a função motora e reduzir a dor, porém devido ao baixo número de estudos acerca da técnica, sugere-se que sejam realizadas mais pesquisas para que haja um maior embasamento científico sobre os seus efeitos.
Investigating the Effects of Web-Based Science Material for Guided Inquiry Approach on Information and Communication Skills of Students
Authors: ORMANCI Ümmühan , ÇEPNİ Salih
Published: February 2020

In parallel with the development of technology and increase in knowledge, learning-teaching environments have changed, and an understanding has taken into basis that students are active and responsible for their own learning. In accordance with this situation, inquiry-based learning approach and technology integration have come to an important point in science curricula in our country. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of web-based science material developed on the guided inquiry approach on students' information and communication skills. In the current study, embedded design was selected amongst mixed methods. First, web-based material was developed compatible with the guided inquiry approach for the systems in our body unit at sixth grade. Then, the developed material was applied during eight weeks by three teachers in three different classes and its effectiveness was examined. A total of 155 sixth grade students, 71 of whom were in the experimental group and 84 in the control group, participated in the study. In the study; “Information and Communication Skills Perception Scale” was used as a quantitative data collection tool and an observation form was used as the qualitative data collection tool. As a result of the study; although there was an increase in the information and communication skills perception scores of the students in the experimental group in which the web-based science material was applied according to the guided inquiry approach, it was understood that this difference was not significant [t(70)=-3.76, p>.05]. Even though there is an increase in information and communication skills, it is thought that this increase is not significant in terms of the students' perceptions of information and communication skills as these students were born into the technology age, developed high perception towards information and communication skills through their own tablets, computers, phones and other similar medium.
The Contents and Values of Parts of the Body Related Idiomatic Expressions in Yorùbá
Authors: Opoola Bolanle T. , Faniran Olusegun A.
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we examine the contents and values of Yorùbá idiomatic expressions that relate to the parts of the human body in social interactions with a view to establishing their communicative value in Yorùbá socio-cultural discourse. A few research efforts on proverbs and idiomatic expressions have studied the scope of their usage in Yorùbá music, the new mode of their usage in political arena and those that relate to Egungun among speakers of Yorùbá language. None, however, have examined the contents of the Yorùbá idiomatic expressions in relation to the parts of the human body. This, therefore, is the preoccupation of the study. Our data for this study comprised thirty purposively selected idioms in Yorùbá language which are used frequently, especially among the elders, in social interactions. The idioms were classified into three domains which captured roughly the major divisions of the human body. The three major parts altogether ensure, in scientific parlance, the homeostasis and viability of the human body. The paper adopted the Ethnography of Communication model as its theoretical framework. Results from the study showed that almost every part of the human body is capable of being used to construct profound and thought-provoking idiomatic expressions which can enhance poetic and rhetoric vigour as well as serve as cultural fillip meant to rekindle the flagging interest of the youths in Yorùbá culture so as to save the Yorùbá language from extinction.
On Improper Machine Translations in Press Reports
Authors: Duan Huiqiong , Hu Xinyu , Gao Yidan
Published: February 2020

Machine translation, also known as automatic translation, is the process of converting one natural language (source language) into another natural language (target language) by using networks. There are some language errors in current machine translation in news releases. Having compared human translators’ translation texts and machine translation results, improper machine translation results are found. They are inaccurate use of words, rigid sentence patterns and unclear expression of specific cultural meanings. Accurate machine translation needs the assistance of human translators.
Special Phraseology in Business English Vocabulary: Forms and Functions
Authors: Nazarova Tamara B.
Published: February 2020

The main focus of the article is a stratum within Business English vocabulary known as special phraseology and noted for the underlying fusion of terminological and metaphorical properties. The use of authentic samples of business discourse and the application of the corpora-based, descriptive, lexicographic, functional and quantitative methods allowed to uncover and present the systemic-structural, cognitive and functional characteristics of the stratum under analysis. The results of the study lead to a better understanding of the nature, scope, variety and functions of special phraseology as a low-frequency but dynamic and open-ended stratum of Business English vocabulary. As based on the material assembled and examined in the article, the list of the functional layers within Business English vocabulary has been expanded and therefore comprises 15 lexical, lexical-phraseological and terminological strata
Análise do discurso do presidente do Brasil em 2019 no Fórum Econômico Mundial em Davos na Suíça e algumas ações do estadista sobre o meio ambiente, antes e depois do evento
Authors: Almeida Haroldo Oséias de , Almeida Ricardo Santos de
Published: February 2020

RESUMO:  Buscamos com esta análise problematizarmos os caminhos da política ambiental brasileira na contemporaneidade observando-se que a atual gestão do Governo Federal na figura do Presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro, em 2019, adota posturas duvidosas no que se refere a operacionalização dos mecanismos de ordens sociais, ambientais e econômicas que confluiriam para o atendimento dos direitos de todos os cidadãos e ao desenvolvimento de forma justa, economicamente viável e ecologicamente correta. Para tal, explicitaremos trechos de suas falas antes, durante e depois da participação no Fórum Econômico Mundial em Davos na Suíça do Presidente. Destaca-se, portanto, os anseios por uma política ambiental que atenda a todos os anseios da nossa sociedade. Outro desafio refere-se a postura do estadista que demonstra um afastamento ideológico das discussões atuais da política ambiental que pode resultar um conflito abissal de interesses.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE:  Planejamento, Meio ambiente, Gestão ambiental.
Ocorrência de Influenza A (H1N1) em Alagoas (2016-2019)
Authors: Lopes Ellen Karollyne Santos , Costa Allana Caroline Bonfim , Gomes Karoline Barbosa , Oliveira Samara dos Santos , Montiel Tariqat Sofia Machado , Santos Claudimary Bispo dos
Published: February 2020

A Influenza A é uma doença viral do trato respiratório, que é transmitida em grande escala pelo vírus Myxovirus influenzae, através do contato de pessoa para pessoa por disseminação de gotículas contento partículas virais. Dentre os subtipos de influenza A, os subtipos H1N1 e H3N2 são os que se encontram em circulação ativa entre humanos. Os principais sintomas apresentados decorrentes da infecção são febre alta, dor muscular, dor de cabeça, tosse e cansaço. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou quantificar os casos de Influenza A do subtipo H1N1, no Estado de Alagoas, durante o período de 2016 ao primeiro semestre do ano de 2019. A coleta dos dados ocorreu através da busca no site do Ministério da Saúde dos casos de SRAG por influenza A do subtipo H1N1 registrados em informes epidemiológicos. Em Alagoas, o ano de 2016 foi o que apresentou o maior número de casos de H1N1, 52 casos e 12 óbitos, enquanto em 2017 houve a menor expressividade, com 06 casos positivos e 03 óbitos. Em 2018, foram notificados 32 casos de H1N1 e 03 óbitos. No primeiro semestre de 2019 já foram confirmados 21 casos e 03 óbitos, porém, ainda, estão sendo investigados 37 casos e 05 óbitos. De acordo com os dados obtidos, conclui-se que, a doença viral H1N1, em Alagoas, no ano de 2016, houve uma positividade mais expressiva, enquanto, em 2017, ocorreu poucos casos, como também foi observado no país em geral.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Doença Viral; Informes Epidemiológicos; Trato Respiratório.
Nestor Pilyavsky’s "Western Liao": mythology and imagery of space
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nosenok B. E.
Published: February 2020

This article is an attempt to prepare an image. But this time the image falls not into a plot (like a storyline) and composition, but into time and space. It has been repeatedly noted (especially it is subject to literary criticism) that the image (in this case an artistic image) builds its own space-time grid of coordinates, and therefore time and space can gallantly violate the laws of physics here. Also, one of the main obvious goals of this culturological investigation is a comparison of the methods and techniques of poetry and prose, a hand hold of the specifics of time’s and space’s expression in verse and novelistics. This goal is realized by referring to the oeuvre of Nestor Pilyavsky. Nestor is a Russian writer and an author of the book "Western Liao". This work simultaneously demonstrates a phenomenon that can be called a mythologization of space, and also the structure of the book is distinguished by a combination of poetic components and prose narratives. In addition, the same theme slips in the reflections of the last great French novelist – Marcel Proust, who emphasizes the differences in the representation of the world that is performed by a poet or a novelist, concordantly. However, if Marcel Proust in the work “In Search of Lost Time" (as can be seen from the title of this epic work) was looking for time, then Nestor Pilyavsky in his book "Western Liao" is looking for space. He wants to return to some past, perhaps he wants to go home (and the name "Nestor" means "whoever that comes home"). Space-time problems erase the boundaries between conventional linear division into the past, the present and the future. It can be seen that a creative work destroys this separation, the destruction of which is revealed most clearly in modern decadent movements. Decadence is a characteristic feature of any transitional, intermediate period when the balance of life is violated and when it is difficult to draw a dividing line between genius, brilliance, and insanity. Decadence is a period of time and a point in space when it is difficult to distinguish dreams and reality from each other. Nestor Pilyavsky calls himself a decadent not without good reason. But modernity, which turns out to be the destruction of the habitual norms of life, is often drawn by the emptiness of the imagination by nothing more than a new, cyclical decadence, and "Western Liao" is an excellent attempt to invent a new, suitable space.
Lope de Estúñiga y la autoría de las Coplas de la panadera
Authors: Cáseda Teresa Jesús Fernando
Published: February 2020

En este estudio, analizo la autoría de las Coplas de la panadera. Procedo a rebatir la autoría de Juan de Mena, de Rodrigo Cota, de los Manrique,  de Pedro de Escavias y de Antón de Montoro. Concluyo que el autor es un miembro de la familia Estúñiga, Lope de Estúñiga, hijo del mariscal de Navarra y Castilla, Iñigo Ortiz de Estúñiga. Para ello, y tras seguir la pista que  ofrece Juan de Mena, comparo una obra muy parecida a las Coplas de la panadera, el Decir de Lope de Estúñiga sobre la cerca de Atienza (1446), con la que coincide formalmente en la estructura métrica, rima, estribillo, formas léxicas, así como en la común crítica contra las guerras civiles entre los reinos peninsulares. Analizo las razones textuales que explican la autoría: el autor se esconde detrás de su familia y señalo la aparición de personas vinculadas a la vida de Lope de Estúñiga (los hijos de su primo Suero de Quiñones, con quien participó en el famoso paso honroso; el conde de Huelma – localidad que él ayudó a liberar, en su única acción bélica conocida-; el primo de su padre, marqués de Santillana…).  Finalmente, intento explicar la causa de la escritura de la obra, en su doble condición de navarro y de castellano: como nieto del rey Carlos III el Noble y del justicia mayor de Castilla – Diego de Estúñiga- se burla por igual de unos y otros por su obstinación en una guerra fratricida.
Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams
Authors: HAKTANIR Tefaruk , KHALAF Mohammed
Published: February 2020

Using the measured data on 15 laboratory models in USA, six models and one prototype in Turkey, the discharge coefficients (C’s) of radial-gated ogee spillways for various gate openings and lake water surface elevations are computed. Comparison of these C’s for 22 spillways with the ones given by Figure 9-31 of Design of Small Dams does not show close agreements. It is determined that C depends on both the angle Ɵ and the ratio d/H1, rather than Ɵ only where d and H1 are the gate opening and the upstream head, and statistically significant regression equations are computed individually for each one of 22 cases.
Successful Use of Two Thrombolytic Drugs in Prosthetic Mitral and Aortic Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Gheibi Shayesteh , Farsavian Aliasghar , Nabati Maryam , Eslami Gohar
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a rare and severe complication of valve replacement, most often encountered with a mechanical prosthesis. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with this condition warrant rapid diagnostic evaluation. Although surgery is the first-line therapy in symptomatic obstructive mechanical valve thrombosis, thrombolytic therapy has been used as an alternative.
Case Description: In this case report, we describe a 46-year-old man with a history of the mitral valve and aortic valve replacement 2 years ago. In echocardiography, we detected a mobile mass on the atrial side of the mitral valve prosthesis and a fixed one on the leaflet of the mechanical aortic valve with a high gradient. To save his life, we used double thrombolytic therapy considering the patient’s hemodynamic situation and the risk of bleeding. Although a routine dose of reteplase and streptokinase was considered, we administered these two thrombolytic drugs together within 72 hours.
Conclusion: Ultimately we succeeded with this method without any significant or life-threatening adverse effects, and the patient was discharged after an optimal anticoagulation therapy.
Yeast need not be used only in beer production. I. The carotenoid astaxanthin produced by yeast.
Authors: Rezanka Tomas , Palyzová Andrea
Published: February 2020

Carotenoids are produced by photosynthesizing organisms, i.e. plants and algae, as well as some bacteria, protists and fungi. Their role lies mainly in the function of complementary photosynthetic pigments and antioxidants. Carotenoids are distinguished according to their structure into carotenoids of the hydrocarbon type, e.g. α-, β- and γ-carotene and oxygen derivatives – xanthophylls, among which astaxanthin, which excels in its antioxidant and nutraceutical properties, is the most important. It is used as a dietary supplement both in human nutrition and in the aquaculture and poultry industry, as a nutritional supplement in salmonid and hen farming. Many works have focused on the search for natural sources of astaxanthin as an alternative to synthetic astaxanthin. In nature, very few astaxanthin producing organisms are known in non-minor amounts, with green alga Haematococcus pluvialis and the yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (anamorph Phaffia rhodozyma) being the most promising microorganisms for the biotechnological production of this xanthophyll. In this review we focus on the biosynthesis and carotenogenesis including the regulation mechanisms, generation of hyperproducing mutants by random mutagenesis and, last but not least, also metabolic engineering (genetic techniques). Attention is also paid to the optimization of fermentation conditions.
Ojeada crítica al Diccionario de la lengua española de 2014
Authors: Trujillo Carreño Ramón , Portilla Durand Luisa
Published: February 2020

En octubre de 2014 se publicó la 23.ª edición del Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE), texto en el cual era deesperar que se enmendasen aspectos cuestionables hallados en la 22.ª edición (2001). Nuestro interés al redactar el presente artículo es formular algunas reflexiones en relación con aspectos que requieren ser analizados. Consideramos preocupante queen la vigesimotercera edición del Diccionario se encuentren aún definiciones discutibles («que se deben discutir»), ya sea por la presencia de contorno (información innecesaria como parte de la definición), por las cadenas sinonímicas,por las entradas dobles que manifiestan un matiz sexista, por la ausencia de marca diatópica (acepciones  desconocidas), por las formas definitorias (hiperónimos) disímiles o por el tratamiento erróneo de preposiciones, siglas y acrónimos.
Barriers and facilitators to the effective de-escalation of conflict behaviours in forensic high-secure settings: A qualitative study
Authors: Goodman Helena Mary , Brooks Cat Papastavrou , Price Owen , Barley Elizabeth Alexandra
Published: February 2020

Background: Violent and aggressive incidents are common within mental health settings and are often managed using high-risk physical interventions such as restraint and seclusion. De-escalation is a first-line technique to manage conflict behaviours and prevent violence and aggression. There is limited research into the use of de-escalation in high-secure settings. This study investigated staff, patient and carer perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to using de-escalation for conflict behaviours.
Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews (n=12) and focus groups (n=3) were conducted with eight patients, four carers and twenty-five staff members in a high-secure hospital in England. Interviews and focus groups were informed by the theoretical domains framework and were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework analysis and the COM-B behaviour change model.
Results: Four themes and 15 sub-themes (barrier and facilitators) were identified. Themes related to capabilities (building relationships: knowing the patient and knowing yourself), opportunities (filling the void: challenges within the high-security environment; dynamic relationships) and motivation (keeping everyone safe). Strong staff-patient therapeutic relationships underpinned by trust, fairness, consistency and an awareness of the trauma-aggression link were considered key to successful de-escalation. Specific psychological and interpersonal skills including empathy, respect, reassurance, sincerity, genuine concern and validation of the patient perspective are needed to achieve this. Barriers related to the physical environment; organisational resources, practices and systems; staff traumatisation; hierarchical and punitive attitudes towards patient care, and an insufficient understanding of psychiatric diagnoses, especially personality disorder. It was apparent across themes that fear, which was experienced by both staff and patients, was a driver for many behaviours.
Conclusions: This work has identified organizational and behaviour change targets for interventions seeking to reduce violence and restrictive practices through the use of de-escalation in high-secure hospitals. The potential for, and occurrence of, violence in such settings is high and leads to fear in patients and staff. The different factors which promote fear in each group should be addressed in de-escalation training.
Indicators of a healthy dietary pattern among adolescents -A cross-sectional study from 2009 until 2015
Authors: Tell Maria Norburg , Hedin Katarina , Nilsson Mats , Golsäter Marie , Lingfors Hans
Published: February 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square.
The impact of cataract surgery on vision-related quality of life for cataract patients in China: a prospective study
Authors: Tu changsen , Ni Ji , Xu Xu , Mima Zhuoma
Published: February 2020

Background: Cataract is one of the most common blinding eye diseases, and patients' psychological, life and social activities will be significantly affected. Thus, the aim of this study is to to assess the impact of cataract surgery on vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) in China’s poor areaTibet. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study. Subjects were invited to complete a validated questionnaire before and three months after cataract surgery. The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) was used to assess the Vision-related quality of life. Generalized linear estimating equation (GEE) analysis and descriptive analyses were performed to record change of VRQOL before and after surgery. Results: One hundred and twenty-two patients were included. Among the One hundred and twenty-two patients, one hundred and seventeen (94.26%) completed the follow-up assessment after surgery. The total VRQOL was significantly improved after cataract surgery (p <0.001). the item of stereopsis and Binocular contrast sensitivity were also related to changes in VRQOL. Conclusions: The majority of patients had significantly improved VRQOL after cataract surgery in Chinese population.
Engaging stakeholders to identify implementation strategies for a faith-based physical activity program
Authors: Haughton Jessica , Takemoto Michelle L. , Schneider Jennifer , Hooker Steven P. , Rabin Borsika , Brownson Ross C. , Arredondo Elva M.
Published: February 2020

Background Stakeholder engagement is critical to the acceleration of evidence-based interventions into community settings. Harnessing the knowledge and opinions of community stakeholders increases the likelihood of successful implementation, scale up, and sustainment of evidence-based interventions. Faith in Action ( Fe en Acción ) is an evidence-based promotora -led physical activity program designed to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among churchgoing Latina women. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) at various Catholic and Protestant churches with large Latino membership in San Diego County, California to explore barriers and facilitators to implementation of a Faith in Action and to identify promising implementation strategies for program scale-up and dissemination. We interviewed 22 pastors and church staff and analyzed transcripts using an iterative-deductive team approach. Results Stakeholders described barriers and facilitators to implementation within three domains of CFIR: characteristics of individuals (lack of self-efficacy for and knowledge of PA; influence on churchgoers’ behaviors), inner setting (church culture and norms, alignment with mission and values, competing priorities, lack of resources), and outer setting (need for buy-in from senior leadership). From the interviews, we identified four promising implementation strategies for the scale-up of faith-based health promotion programs: 1) health behavior change training for pastors and staff; 2) tailored messaging; 3) developing community collaborations; and 4) gaining denominational support. Conclusions While churches can serve as valuable partners in health promotion, specific barriers and facilitators to implementation must be recognized and understood. Addressing these barriers through targeted implementation strategies at the adopter and organizational level can facilitate improved program implementation and lead the way for scale-up and dissemination.
The new AqE gene studied in non-tetrapoda vertebrates is high conserved
Authors: Puzakova Lyudmila V. , Puzakov Mikhail V. , Gostyukhina Olga L.
Published: February 2020

Background: The AqE gene encoding the NAD(P)H-dependent LDH2/MDH2 oxidoreductase has been described in living organisms predominantly in the aquatic environment. It was shown that the gene is present in bacteria and archaea. In the plant kingdom this gene is present only in algae. Animals have the AqE gene in all groups, from protozoa to fish. In the ancestor of tetrapods, the gene disappears and, accordingly, is absent in amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. It was suggested that the gene is involved in anaerobic respiration. The loss of the AqE gene in animals and plants is likely to be associated with living on land and the corresponding restructuring of their metabolic pathways, due to oxygen saturation and the absence of natural hypoxia as in aquatic organisms
Results: A study of the distribution of the AqE gene among non-tetrapoda vertebrates showed that it is present in the genomes of bony and cartilaginous fishes, as well as in the genomes of hagfishes and lampreys. In addition, it was reliably shown that, for representatives of Cypriniformes, the AqE gene was lost, and for representatives of Salmoniformes, it underwent significant deletions, which most likely led to its pseudogenization.
Conclusions: In most orders of non-tetrapoda vertebrates, the AqE gene remains highly conserved. This suggests that the AqE in aquatic vertebrates is an essential gene and undergoes to rigorous selection. AqE gene has the highest homology with the archaeal ComC that encoding SLDH. Based on the similarity of substrates, it cannot be excluded that the enzyme encoded by the AqE gene is involved in the malate-aspartate shuttle mechanism or biosynthesis of energy coenzyme M equivalent.
Application of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of extra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis
Authors: Li Wei , Fan Bing-Hui , Guo Zhi-Ying , Wang Zong-Bo , jia yanbo
Published: February 2020

Objective : To investigate the imaging characteristics of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in extra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis. Methods : Ultrasonic images of 58 patients with extra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis and MRI images of 59 patients with extra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis were analyzed retrospectively. The imaging characteristics of the two methods in the diagnosis of extra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis were analyzed. Results : Among the 58 patients detected by ultrasound, obvious strong cord-like, columnar, and flocculent echoes were seen in 50 patients; blood flow signal was abundant in 37 patients. Among the 59 patients detected by MRI, fat-suppressed sequence scanning mainly presented high signal intensities. Spot-like and cordlike low signal intensities could be seen in lesions. Enhancement was obvious in 59 patients. In 58 patients detected by ultrasound, preoperative tumor diameter (4.46 ± 1.95) cm was shorter than the postoperative pathological result (6.33 ± 1.32) cm ( P < 0.05). In 59 patients detected by MRI, no significant difference in tumor diameter was detectable between preoperative (6.17 ± 0.98) cm and postoperative (6.32± 0.77) cm results ( P > 0.05). Conclusion : Ultrasound can reveal the fiber composition of desmoid-type fibromatosis well. MRI has certain advantages in diagnosing the true size and invasion range of desmoid-type fibromatosis, and can provide imaging reference for preoperative and postoperative evaluation.
Nomogram predicted overall survival of patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Tian Wenwen , Xie Xinhua , Kong Yanan , Liu Peng , Tan Weige , Xie Xiaoming
Published: February 2020

Background For primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of breast was a very rare subtype in breast cancers, its prognosis was still controversial and there was no independent standard for its treatment. The purpose of our retrospective study was to construct a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast. Methods 150 patients of training cohort were collected from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database diagnosed between 2003 and 2015, and 93 patients of verification cohort were enrolled from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China) diagnosed between 2004 and 2018. The nomogram was constructed uniting three significantly risk factors of overall survival identified by univariate and multivariate analysis and then validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for discrimination, calibration plots and the decision curves analysis (DCA). Results Age, N stage and PR status were closely and significantly related to overall survival in patients with breast neuroendocrine carcinoma. The C-index of nomogram in the training and verification cohorts are 0.775 (95% CI, 0.784 to 0.615) and 0.760 (95% CI, 0.705 to 0.800) respectively. Calibration plots of practical and predicted possibility for the nomogram demonstrated that the predictive 5-year overall survival rate was in accordance with the actual overall survival probability in both sets. Moreover, the decision curves (DCA) also expressed pretty clinical benefit of the nomogram across a range of high-risk threshold. Conclusion This novel population-based nomogram may help with treatment decisions in patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (NEBC).
Potential diagnostic value of novel circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 in human colorectal cancer
Authors: Sadeghi Hossein , Heiat Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Background CYP24A1 plays a role in strictly regulated vitamin D metabolism pathway and has been nominated as a prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). Increasing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in cancer initiation and progression; however, their diagnostic values in cancers as the new potential biomarkers are still not fully understood. Methods and Results In the present study, by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we demonstrated that CYP24A1 and hsa_circ_0060927 were only transcribed in 33 and 25 out of 83 CRC tissues, respectively. In these samples, we demonstrated that CYP24A1 was up-regulated in both linear and circular forms ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, we showed that CYP24A1 and hsa_circ_0060927 transcription were induced after vitamin D treatment in HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. Importantly, analysis of the ROC curve in expressed samples indicated that CYP24A1 and hsa_circ_0060927 could serve as the potential diagnostic markers of CRC, but due to the fact that these genes are not expressed in many samples, the diagnostic role of these genes could be rejected. Conclusion Taken together, for the first time, the results of our study illustrated the expression levels hsa_circ_0060927 in CRC; however, further studies are required to validate the present results.
Study on the germination of nano - TiO 2 synthetic seeds and the physiology of Dendrobium officinale regenerated plants
Authors: Guan Jiemin , Lai Xiaoping , Zhang Guifang , Li Shijie , Guan Jiexian , Li Baohua
Published: February 2020

Synthetic seed of biological technology has been suggested as an effective strategy to improve breeding. Nano-TiO2 is a photosemiconductor material widely used in life science and agriculture. Nano-TiO2 has been recently shown to improve photosynthetic function, promote plant growth and development，but the physiology mechanism is still unclear. The aim of the current study was to confirm whether or not nano-TiO2 synthetic seed has an effect on germination and physiology of Dendrobium officinale. Using D. officinale protocorm models, we demonstrate that appropriate nano-TiO2 leads to growth and development of germination seedlings, and improves the root activity, nitrate reductase activity and antioxidant system activity. Our data also provide a basis for the improvement of the preparation process and practical production of D. officinale synthetic seeds.
Features of the hormonal status at newborns in critical condition. Article
Authors: Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Fomin S. A. , Pshenisnov Konstantin V.
Published: February 2020

Background. Changes in hormonal status are the main factors in the implementation of all mechanisms of compensation and resistance protection, which is especially relevant for newborns in critical condition.
Objectives. Study the features of hormonal status in newborns with congenital malformations in need of surgery and intensive care.
Materials and methods. 23 newborns with congenital malformations were examined, including 10 boys and 13 girls. Gestation age was 39.3 (38–40) weeks Among the congenital malformations, right-sided false diaphragm hernia (25 %), esophageal atresia with tracheopisophageal fistula (20 %), Ledd syndrome (10 %) and omphalocele (15 %) dominated. Cystic doubling of the blind intestine (5 %), Girschprung disease (5 %), ovarian cyst (15 %) and retroperitoneal lymphangioma (5 %) were also detected. The condition of children at birth was more severe, as evidenced by the low Apgar score, which at the first minute was 7.5 (6–8) and at the fifth 8.0 (7–9) points.
Results. Children with congenital malformations were found to have higher concentrations of cortisone, cortisol, aldosterone and lower 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, DGEA and progesterone, which were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The concentration of cortisol and aldosterone was significantly higher in the first stage of the study, most likely due to the presence of stress and massive fluid therapy (p = 0.001). It was found that upon admission to the intensive care and intensive care unit, patients had sufficiently high concentrations of all steroid hormones, with the concentration of cortisol and cortisone reaching a maximum at the third stage of the study.
Conclusion. In children with congenital malformations subjected to rapid treatment and intensive care, there is an increase in the concentration of cortisol and cortisone with a simultaneous decrease in the level of their precursors, which is a marker of stress caused by the main disease and therapeutic effects.
Proteomic Analysis of Medicinal Plant Calotropis Gigantea by In Silico Peptide Mass Fingerprinting
Authors: Rehman Saad Ur , Rizwan Muhammad , Khan Sajid , Mehmood Azhar , Munir Anum
Published: February 2020

:

Medicinal plants are the basic source of medicinal compounds traditionally used for the
treatment of human diseases. Calotropis gigantea is a medicinal plant belonging to the family of
Apocynaceae in the plant kingdom and subfamily Asclepiadaceae usually bearing multiple medicinal
properties to cure a variety of diseases.

Background:

The Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) identifies the proteins from a reference protein database by comparing the amino acid sequence that is previously stored in a database and identified.

Method:

The calculation of insilico peptide masses is done through the ExPASy PeptideMass and these masses are used to identify the peptides from MASCOT online server. Anticancer probability is calculated from the iACP server, docking of active peptides is done by CABS-dock the server.

Objective:

The purpose of the study is to identify the peptides having anti-cancerous properties by
in silico peptide mass fingerprinting.

Results :

The anti-cancer peptides are identified with the MASCOT peptide mass fingerprinting
server, the identified peptides are screened and only the anti-cancer are selected. De-novo peptide
structure prediction is used for 3D structure prediction by PEP-FOLD 3 server. The docking results
confirm strong bonding with the interacting amino acids of the receptor protein of breast cancer
BRCA1 which shows the best peptide binding to the active chain, the human leukemia protein
docking with peptides shows the accurate binding.

Conclusion :

These peptides are stable and functional and are the best way for the treatment of cancer and many other deadly diseases.
DFT based Computational Methodology of IC50 Prediction
Authors: Bag Arijit
Published: February 2020

Background:

IC50 is one of the most important parameters of a drug. But, it is very difficult
to predict this value of a new compound without experiment. There are only a few QSAR
based methods available for IC50 prediction, which is also highly dependable on a huge number of
known data. Thus, there is an immense demand for a sophisticated computational method of IC50
prediction in the field of in silico drug designing.

Objective:

Recently developed quantum computation based method of IC50 prediction by Bag and
Ghorai requires an affordable known data. In present research work, further development of this
method is carried out such that the requisite number of known data being minimal.

Methods:

To retrench the cardinal data span and shrink the effects of variant biological parameters
on the computed value of IC50, a relative approach of IC50 computation is pursued in the present
method. To predict an approximate value of IC50 of a small molecule, only the IC50 of a similar kind
of molecule is required for this method.

Results:

The present method of IC50 computation is tested for both organic and organometallic compounds
as HIV-1 capsid A inhibitor and cancer drugs. Computed results match very well with the
experiment.

Conclusion:

This method is easily applicable to both organic and organometallic compounds with
acceptable accuracy. Since this method requires only the dipole moments of an unknown compound
and the reference compound, IC50 based drug search is possible with this method. An algorithm is
proposed here for IC50 based drug search.
PCR Detection and Sequencing of Trichomonas vaginalis in Women with Suspected Vaginitis in Southwestern Iran
Authors: Rafiei Abdollah , Safaie Khatereh , Tavalla Mehdi , Najafian Mahin
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

The human being is considered a natural host for Trichomonas vaginalis
(T. vaginalis), which causes trichomoniasis, the most frequent non-viral sexually transmitted infectious
disease in the world. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and sequencing of T.
vaginalis in women with vaginitis.

Methods:

In the current research, 514 vaginal discharge samples were obtained from women with
vaginitis. The specimens were evaluated by the direct wet mount examination, Dorset culture medium,
and PCR technique. Primers were designed for the detection of TVK3/TVK7, TVA5/TVA6
genes specific for the identification of T. vaginalis. The PCR-positive samples were sequenced and
compared with the sequences registered in the GenBank database.

Results:

Among the collected samples, 30 (5.83%), 45 (8.75%), 90 (17.50%), and 62 (12.06%) cases
were positive for T. vaginalis when assayed by the direct wet mount examination, Dorset culture
medium, and PCR technique (TVK3/TVK7, TVA5/TVA6 genes), respectively. There was no significant
relationship between trichomoniasis and demographic characteristics of women, such as age,
occupational status, mode of delivery, number of deliveries, educational level, and contraceptive
methods (p˃0.05). The range of vaginal pH was between 5-7 in women with vaginitis, and there
was a significant statistical correlation between the pH values and the infection rate (p<0.05). The
PCR-positive samples had 100% sequence homology with the reference sequence in the GenBank
database (accession number L23861.1).

Conclusion:

This study confirmed a relatively high prevalence of T. vaginalis in the southwestern
region of Iran. According to our results, the PCR method, especially detecting TVK3/TVK7 genes,
was more sensitive than the direct wet mount examination and Dorset culture medium methods.
Different Treatment Modalities followed by Dental Practitioners for Ellis Class 2 Fracture – A Questionnaire-based Survey
Authors: Jose Jerry , P. Ajitha , Subbaiyan Haripriya
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

Dental trauma is one of the most commonly seen injuries involving teeth and surrounding structures. The frequent causes of dental trauma are usually falls, traffic accidents, fights and sports injuries. Rapid treatment can prevent long-term damage to the orofacial structures and save the teeth. Ellis class 2 fracture is classified as the involvement of enamel and dentin excluding pulp. Dental practitioners are used to treating Ellis class 2 fracture very often in their dental practice and is usually considered as a dilemma among dental practitioners for the different treatment modalities followed for treatment of Ellis class 2 fracture. A survey is done among dental practitioners to assess the different treatment modalities followed by them in the case of Ellis class 2 fracture.

Materials and Methods:

A survey was done among 380 dental practitioners in the Chennai region in which 360 dental practitioners responded. The survey was distributed through electronic media and other means of communication. The survey data was collected, analysed and interpreted.

Results:

The results suggested that about 90% of dental practitioners had adequate knowledge and attitude towards the management of dental traumatic injuries. However, the practical application of the different treatment modalities was seen to be varied among dental practitioners. Based on this survey it was clear that majority of the dental practitioners in Chennai have good knowledge, attitude but there was a lack of clinical practice regarding the different treatment modalities followed by general practitioners for Ellis class 2 fracture.

Conclusion:

The survey shows that dental practitioners have a sound knowledge, attitude, but the practical application of the various treatment modalities available was seen to vary among various dental practitioners for Ellis class 2 fracture.
Расслаивающиеся полимерные растворы в микроразмерных порах: фазовые переходы, индуцированные деформацией пористого материала
Authors: Шишулин А.В. , Федосеев В.Б.
Published: February 2020

The influence of pore morphology on phase equilibria in stratifying polymer solutions within porous matrices has been simulated by means of equilibrium chemical thermodynamics. Using the example of liquid stratifying polybutadiene-polystyrene oligomer mixtures, we have shown that deformation of a matrix which influences on pore shapes, determines mutual solubilities of components within a pore, equilibrium volume ratios of co-existing phases and their thermodynamic stability. The change in the geometric characteristics of a pore is simulated in general by introducing a parameter corresponding to the degree of deviation of the shape of the pore walls from the spherical one. The dependences of mutual solubilities of components on pore volume within pores of different shapes are different which has been explained by the existence of several mechanisms of lowering the free energy of the system. Severe deformations of a matrix lead to suppressing the stratification in microsized pores while every composition up to the equimolar one becomes thermodynamically stable.