bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new operational representation of dependencies in Event Structures
Authors: Pinna G. Michele
Published: December 2021

The execution of an event in a complex and distributed system where the
dependencies vary during the evolution of the system can be represented in many
ways, and one of them is to use Context-Dependent Event structures. Event
structures are related to Petri nets. The aim of this paper is to propose what
can be the appropriate kind of Petri net corresponding to Context-Dependent
Event structures, giving an operational flavour to the dependencies represented
in a Context/Dependent Event structure. Dependencies are often operationally
represented, in Petri nets, by tokens produced by activities and consumed by
others. Here we shift the perspective using contextual arcs to characterize
what has happened so far and in this way to describe the dependencies among the
various activities.
Structure-Behavior Coalescence Design to Improve the Modifiability of Home Care IoT System
Authors: Sun Shuh-Ping , Chao William S.
Published: December 2021

Modifiability improvement is a key factor in the successful Home Care IoT System (HCIS) systems development. It includes disciplined system layering (DSL), well-defined components (WDC), published interface (PI), and well-defined behavior (WDB) which represent the four main factors that enhance the modifiability of HCIS. Structure-Behavior Coalescence (SBC) method uses three fundamental diagrams: a) framework diagram, b) component operation diagram, and c) interaction flow diagram to accomplish the design of HCIS. Through framework diagram, Structure-Behavior Coalescence design of HCIS demonstrates tremendous effects of disciplined system layering. Through component operation diagram, Structure-Behavior Coalescence design of HCIS demonstrates large effects of well-defined components and published interfaces. Through interaction flow diagram, Structure-Behavior Coalescence design of HCIS demonstrates tremendous effects of well-defined behaviors. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) refers to a diverse set of unrelated computer algorithms and statistical methods, which are suitable for constructing networks for analysis. Applied SEM method can verify that Structure-Behavior Coalescence design is be able to enhance the Modifiability of HCIS.
Emzirme Adaptasyon Ölçeği Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: DİNÇEL Yasemin , ÖZDİLEK Resmiye
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma, 2009 yılında Kim tarafından geliştirilen Emzirme Adaptasyon Ölçeği (EAÖ)’nin geçerlik ve güvenirliği yapılarak Türkçe’ye uyarlamaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Metodolojik tipteki çalışma Eylül 2020- Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi çocuk polikliniğine başvuran ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 286 anne ile yapılmıştır. EAÖ 27 madde ve 8 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin dil geçerliliği değerlendirildikten sonra veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Emzirme Adaptasyon Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizlerinde dil, içerik/kapsam ve yapı geçerliliği, açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, iç tutarlılık düzeyi, madde toplam puan korelasyonu ve test-tekrar test analizleri kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Emzirme Adaptasyon Ölçeği’nin Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi (KGİ) puanları hesaplandı ve uzman görüşleri arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı belirlendi. Yapı geçerliğini sağlamak için açıklayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve ölçeğin madde toplam korelasyon değerleri 0.27 ile 0.72 arasında bulunmuş ve ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değeri 0.78 olup yüksek düzeyde güvenilir bulunmuştur. Elde edilen 8 faktörlü yapı ile ölçülmesi amaçlanan konuya ait varyansın %61.60’ını açıklayabildiği ve EAÖ test-tekrar test uygulamasında maddeler arasında anlamlı ilişki olmadığı saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Emzirme Adaptasyon Ölçeği Türkçe formu emziren anne ve bebeklerin emzirmeye uyum düzeylerini değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir araçtır.
- EU Harmonised Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in E. coli from Retail Meats in UK (2020 - Year 6, chicken)
Authors: Randall Luke
Published: December 2021

In accordance with European Directive 2003/99/EC on the monitoring of bacteria that can pass from animals to humans and cause disease, Member States are obliged to ensure that procedures are in place to monitor and report on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in such bacteria. The UK continued to be subject to EU rules during the transition period up to the end of December 2020. The requirements state that 300 retail chicken meats should be tested by culture for the bacterium Escherichia coli. E. coli bacteria are a normal part of the gut flora of mammals and as such can be useful “indicators” of AMR in gut bacteria. Whilst some strains of E. coli can cause disease, most strains of E. coli do not cause observable disease in healthy animals and humans. Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK, which has led to both a 20-year vision of AMR (Opens in a new window)and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP)
Validation of the ReXSPA (Reductive X-ray Score for Psoriatic Arthritis) index in patients with Psoriatic Arthritis of the RAPSODIA cohort
Authors: Isnardi Carolina , Dal Para Fernando , Scheines Eduardo , Fornaro Marina , Cerda Osvaldo , Citera Gustavo , Schneeberger Emilce
Published: December 2021

There are many scores available to measure radiographic joint damage in patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA), but most of them were developed for Rheumatoid Arhtritis and then modified for PsA. These scores do not evaluate juxtaarticular bone proliferation. The aim of our study was to validate the Reductive X-Ray Score for Psoriatic Arthritis (ReXSPA), which was recently developed to be used in observational cohorts.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Consecutive patients ≥18 years old with sA according to CASPAR criteria were included. All patients underwent X-rays of the hands and feet in an anteroposterior view. Two blind readers for the clinical characteristics of the patients and previously trained, scored them by Sharp van der Heijde modified for PsA (PsA-SvdH) and ReXSPA indexes. Time to read and calculate both scores were measured.
Results: A total of 66 patients were included, half of them were female, median (m) disease duration of 8 years (IQR: 4-14.3). 132 X-Rays were scored according to PsA-SvdH [m 35 (IQR: 16.3-72.5)] and ReXSPA [m 22 (IQR: 7-46.3)]. Time to read was significantly shorter for ReXSPA than PsA-SvdH [mean 5.8±2.1 vs mean 7.5±2.5 minutes, p<0.0001], as well as, time to calculate them [mean 26.5±14.7 vs mean 55.3±38.3 seconds, p<0.0001]. The correlation between both indexes was excellent (Rho: 0.93). In the multivariate analysis, using both radiographic scores as dependent variable, association of each of the indices with disease duration was observed, and ReXSPA also had association with age.
Conclusion: The ReXSPA index has shown validity and a very good correlation with PsA-SvdH. It is quicker to read and to calculate than PsA-SvdH. Subsequent longitudinal evalua-tions will allow demonstrating the validity of these findings.
Relationship between antibodies against extractable antigens from the nucleus and connective tissue diseases identified by Immunoblots in a hospital and university in Lima
Authors: Oliva Menacho José Enrique , Arroyo Acevedo Jorge Luis , Oliva Candela Jose Arturo , Salas Ponce Percy Genaro , Garcia Hjarles Marco Antonio
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To determine the relationship of antibodies to extractable nucleus antigens and connective tissue diseases identified by Immunoblot in a hospital in Lima, Peru.
Material and methods: Study of the observational type, basic sciences, analytical and trans-versal, carried out in the Immunology service of the national Hospital Archbishop Loayza between January 2018 and June 2018. We analyzed 291 clinical histories of patients with connective tissue disease and for the detection of antibodies to the extractable antigens of the nucleus the method of Immunoblot was employed.
Results: The frequency of the antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens in patients with connective tissue disease identified by Immunoblot was 789 (100%). It was demonstrated that there is significant relationship p < 0.05 of Anti-histones (X2 = 64.19; p = 0,000), an-ti-nucleosomas (X2 = 71,16; p = 0,000), anti-dsDNA (X2 = 71,44; p = 0,000), anti-SM (X2 = 10,08; p = 0,003) and Lupus Systemic erythematosus with Pearson Chi-square test. It was demons-trated that there is significant relationship p < 0.05 of the Anti-SSA (X2 = 61,33; p = 0.001), anti-SSB (x2 = 51,00; p = 0.001), anti-Ro 52 (X2 = 62,60; p = 0,000) and Sjogren’s syndrome with Pearson Chi-square test. It was demonstrated that there is significant relationship p < 0.05 of Anti-CENP B (p = 0.001) and calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and Telangiectasia (CREST) with exact Fisher statistician.
Conclusions: There is a relationship of antibodies to extractable nucleus antigens and systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and Telangiectasias (CREST), Scleroderma and Polymyositis.
Vertebral fractures: evaluation, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Brance M. L. , Cóccaro N. , Pastor M. , Larroudé M.
Published: December 2021

Vertebral fractures are one of the most common fractures associated with skeletal fragility and can cause as much morbidity. However, the epidemiology of vertebral fractures differs from that of osteoporotic fractures at other skeletal sites in important ways, largely because only one -third of vertebral fractures are recognized clinically at the time of their occurrence and they require lateral spine imaging to be recognized. In otherwise the identification of vertebral fractures as acute or chronic, benign or malignant, is important for the physician to apply the more appropriate treatment. The objective of this paper is review points as epidemiology, cost, types of vertebral fractures, what happens in rheumatological diseases, the importance of different imaging technique, and review the more appropriate treatment.
Esophageal hematoma as an atypical manifestation of associated ANCA Vasculitis: Report of a case
Authors: Rebak J. , Brigante A. , Hamaui A. , Dubinsky D.
Published: December 2021

ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) can cause various injuries along the gastrointestinal tract, but esophageal involvement is rare. Within the spectrum of lesions that may occur an esophageal hematoma is not a common mention in the literature. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman diagnosed with AAV and hematemesis. We consider the esophageal hematoma to be an atypical manifestation of a rare disease. The actual prevalence of this type of atypical manifestations is unknown, either due to its infrequent nature or the low reporting rate, so we believe that the publication of this type of manifestations is useful.
Autoimmune syndrome induced by cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid
Authors: Sorrentino L. , Vergel L. , Hamaui A. , Dubinsky D.
Published: December 2021

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvant (ASIA) is a condition in which exposure to an adjuvant leads to an aberrant immune response resulting in signs and symptoms of autoimmune diseases. We present the case of a patient with arthritis and palpable purpura after hyaluronic acid lip injection.
Documentary medical-anthropological research: prescriptions focused on pain management
Authors: Martínez-Lozano J. C. , Rodríguez-Sánchez J. , Martínez-Ayala M. C. , Briceño-Balcázar I. , Mora-Karam C. , Lozano A. , Gómez-Gutiérrez A. , Tuta-Quintero E.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: the medical prescriptions or historical prescriptions in the territory of New Granada (present-day Colombia) reveal the evolution of disease management given the beneficial effects of administering some type of medicinal agent of plant, animal or mineral origin.
Objective: To describe the treatment of rheumatism in the 18th and 19th centuries based on two medical prescriptions of the time based on the contemporary rationale of their physiological interactions.
Materials and methods: Documentary search in the Historical Archive of the Octavio Arizmendi Posada Library at Universidad de La Sabana in Colombia, where the prescriptions entitled “Reumatismo” and “Rehuma” were found. Results: Four classes of treatments for rheumatic diseases used in the 18th and 19th centuries and mainly oriented to pain reduction are described. This article presents the physiological basis of these treatments, and how they may or may not have had some calming effect when examining their physiology.
Conclusions: These Neogranadian colonial drugs do not deserve their use in the current context of medicine, but they may have represented a therapeutic aid at the time.
Vertically-challenged? Interrogating intergovernmental coordination in Kenya’s municipal solid waste management (MSWM) for sustainability
Authors: Kituku Wambua , Odote Collins , Okidi Charles , Kameri-Mbote Patricia
Published: December 2021

The concept of environmental integration offers a viable paradigm for realisation of sustainability through incorporation of environmental protection considerations in policy and legislation. Pursuing optimal environmental integration between various levels of governance – a concept known as vertical environmental integration (VEI) – is contingent on effective and adequate intergovernmental coordination. Using municipal solid waste management (MSWM) as a reference case, this paper explores the pursuit of VEI through intergovernmental coordination in Kenya. The paper argues that the prospects of entrenching VEI are undermined by inadequate and incongruent intergovernmental coordination mechanisms and strategies as well as by the lack of clarity in distribution of regulatory responsibilities in MSWM between the national and county levels of government. This is despite the adoption of a transformative Constitution in 2010 with a focus on devolution that emphasises coordinated and consultative relationships between the two levels of government. Lessons from South Africa offer prospects for improving intergovernmental coordination to achieve sustainability in MSWM.
Conservation servitudes in South Africa
Authors: Theart Marthán , Meiring Kirstin
Published: December 2021

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in the economy of developing countries. Although SMEs contribute to economic growth, they still struggle with access to finance and cash flow constraints. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic worsened this situation, making it necessary for countries to develop rescue regimes suitable for financially distressed SMEs. Focusing on Nigeria and Kenya – which represent the largest economies in West Africa and East Africa respectively – this paper critically sheds light on the socio-legal challenges posed by extant insolvency law regimes in both countries and their unsuitability for driving SME rescue. As a conversation starter in the African context, the authors identify transplanted concepts and structures which make SME rescue a futility, in the light of local circumstances, while proposing solutions tailored to the social milieu of both countries.
Case Note: The interface between customary rights and environmental legislation: Lessons from Gongqose & Others vs Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Others (SCA) 2018
Authors: Paterson Alexander
Published: December 2021

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, recognises customary law as an independent and original source of law, subject to the Constitution itself and legislation that specifically deals with customary law. As recognised by the Constitutional Court in Alexkor Ltd vs the Richtersveld Community (2004), customary law, as an independent source of law, may give rise to rights including rights to access and use natural resources. Rights to access and use natural resources are often comprehensively regulated by legislation. Conflicts between customary law and legislation relevant to natural resources may arise, as evidenced in the case of Mr Gongqose, who along with several other community members were caught fishing in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area situated off the Eastern Cape coastline. Notwithstanding their claims to be exercising their customary rights to fish in the area, they were convicted in the Magistrate’s Court for certain offences in terms of the Marine Living Resources Act (1998), under which the marine protected area had been established. Their appeal to the High Court proved unsuccessful and the Supreme Court of Appeal was tasked with considering the relationship between their customary rights to fish and legislation purportedly extinguishing these rights. The SCA’s judgment in Gongqose & Others vs Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Others (2018) is the first of its kind in South Africa to consider the extinguishment of customary rights to access and use natural resources through post-constitutional legislation. This note critically considers the guidance the SCA provided on proving the existence of customary rights to access and use natural resources, and the manner in which they may be extinguished through legislation. While the focus is on marine living resources, the lessons emerging from this case are relevant to other natural resource sectors.
The cultural value of Adansonia digitata in Sagole community, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Mathaba M. G. , Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes , Potgieter Martin
Published: December 2021

Most communities in Africa are transitioning from traditional culture to a western-orientated lifestyle. Traditionally throughout Africa, the baobab (Adansonia digitata) is venerated for its size and longevity, and as such are indelibly embedded in the culture. However, the shift in cultural identity and lifestyle has disconnected numerous communities across Africa from this iconic tree. Thus an investigation was conducted in the Sagole community, Limpopo Province, South Africa to ascertain the level of knowledge of, and cultural value this community still attaches to the baobab. Results indicate that people aged 18-45 are not closely associated with tree species, and lacked significant cultural information. Only the older generation (older than 65 years) still had a strong cultural relationship. Elders from the community are the most knowledgeable with respect to cultural stories, and it is predominantly these elders that inform the younger generations regarding different culturally-bound stories related to the baobab tree. People of Sagole are not fully aware of taboos that relate to the baobab. This disconnect can be traced back to a society in transition from a traditional way of lifestyle to a western-orientated lifestyle, and the consequent uncoupling of generations. Ultimately this will lead to a significant loss of cultural information, cultural identity, the cohesiveness of communities, and environmental degradation in the Sagole community.
Exploring hindrances for professionalising South African Private Security Industry: Experiences and recommendations
Authors: Mbana Linda , Khosa Dorcas , Mofokeng Jacob Tseko , Maluleke Witness
Published: December 2021

The professionalisation of the private security industry (PSI) can be beneficial and costly and these need to be measured against undertaking any professionalisation initiatives, since they can provide some degree of quality control to some businesses working in the field but can also impose hindrances and negative experiences to those wishing to enter the industry. The purpose of this study was to explore the following question: What are the experiences on hindrances to professionalisation of the PSI by Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority [PSiRA] in South Africa? Following a qualitative research approach, this study employed the exploratory research design. The judgemental sampling technique was adopted to select a sample of 40 participants from Gauteng (GP), KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and Western Cape (WC) provinces. The findings highlighted that the majority of the participants agreed that the professionalisation of the PSI through PSiRA is facing many positive and negative experiences and hindrances, particularly in the private security training space where corruption and criminality are rife. This study recommends that, to overcome the noted hindrances, PSiRA needs to update the training curriculum, empower and train more inspectors and build relationships with industry stakeholders.
Burnout Risks of Filipino College Students during the Covid- 19 Pandemic: A Basis for Institutional Mental Health Program
Authors: Ramos Belinda , Baptista Gemlee , Fulong Lorna , Sabaulan Jose
Published: December 2021

Student burnout is a concept born out of the occupational syndrome of working adults. In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and shift of learning from face-to-face to online, people have experienced mental health issues in terms of burnout, especially among college students. With no mental health program in place in many higher education institutions, there is a need to find out students' burnout risks and status. This study used a modified survey questionnaire from the American Public Welfare Association to determine the burnout risks of the 245 student participants of a university in the northern Philippines. Results showed that the participants have moderate to high risks for burnout, especially the female students. These students already need interventional measures to combat their present mental health problems. It is thus recommended that future researchers be done on burnout that studies the different student constructs of burnout to formulate a more comprehensive mental health program specifically designed for students.
Challenges for deliberative democracy in the digital era
Authors: Grecu Silviu-Petru , Chiriac Horia Costin
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to create a deep radiography of the evolution of deliberative democracy in the digital era. The increased number of on-line media, social dynamics and economic variables could be seen as several structural challenges for the quality of the deliberative democracy. Starting from these premises the study has several research objectives as: i. to analyse the impact of deliberative democracy in EU countries; ii. to estimate the magnitude of the statistical association between deliberative component of the democracy and on-line media; iii. the impact of economic development on the evolution of deliberative democracy and on-line communication. The main research questions are: “how could on line media determine the decreasing level of deliberative democracy?” and “is political polarization the effect of the on-line media fractionalization?” Empirical findings present the image of the EU political systems in terms of “flawed democracy” with the mean of Democracy Index= 7.34. At the inferential level we have determined several linear and non-linear equations of regression as: deliberative democracy and on-line media fractionalization, a negative relation with R2= 0.673, p=0.01.Also, the main predictor of the quality of the democracy in conditions of the increased number of on-line media is represented by the social and political polarization. Economic determinants are statistically significant for the dynamics of the deliberative democracy (R2=0.465, p<0.001).
APPLICATION OF ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY TO MEASURING STRONG INHOMOGENEOUS MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Sargsyan A. , Sarkisyan А. , Tonoyan A. , Sarkisyan D.
Published: December 2021

Using the spectrum of selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of the surface of the dielectric window of the spectroscopic nanocells – pairs of rubidium atoms, the value of the magnetic field applied to the nanocell is measured. A method is proposed for calculating the magnetic induction B in the

range of 0.1–6.0 kG based on the ratio of the frequency intervals between atomic transitions, which greatly simplifies the determination of B, particularly, there is no need for a reference spectrum at B = 0. To implement the SR process a 300-nm column of vapors of Rb atoms is used, and atomic transitions with a sub-

Doppler spectral width of 80–90 MHz are formed. This leads to frequency separation of transitions in SR spectrum that is important for the proposed method. SR spectrum can be analyzed using a specially designed computer program that accelerates the data processing. The small thickness of the vapor column allows high spatial resolution, which is important in the case of inhomogeneous magnetic fields.
ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION OF WATER-ALCOHOL MIXTURES USING THE INFRARED ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF THEIR VAPORS
Authors: Vesnin V. L.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of studies of infrared absorption spectra of saturated vapors of alcohols and alcohol-containing mixtures in the range of 1.3—1.5 μm. A method was developed for the quantitative determination of the composition of water-alcohol mixtures based on the use of multiple linear regression,

and a range of methanol concentrations was determined, in which the nonlinearity of the dependence of the concentration of alcohols in saturated vapors over a liquid mixture on the concentration of alcohols in this liquid mixture does not significantly affect the results of analysis of the mixture composition. A method for optimizing a set of wavelengths for multiple linear regression, based on minimizing the mean-square error in determining the concentration is proposed and implemented. The developed methods make it possible to determine the presence of small (<1%) amounts of methanol against the background of large amounts of ethanol and water using relatively inexpensive and accessible spectroscopic equipment.
PHOTOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF MnIn2S4 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: Niftiyev N. N.
Published: December 2021

The spectral distribution of the photoconductivity and the temperature dependence of the photocurrent of MnIn2S4 single crystals are investigated. The intrinsic, impurity photoconductivity and a maximum at an energy of 2.69 eV, which is associated with the intracenter transition of Mn2+ ions (6A1→4A1), are revealed

in the photoconductivity spectrum. The region of the wavelengths of 600–1000 nm appears with an excess of manganese in the crystals and is caused by a donor defect. At temperatures of 80—145 K, the increase in the photocurrent is associated with the thermal depletion of the adhesion levels. The activation energy of the adhesion levels is determined.
La aplicación del modelo de negocio Canvas y su influencia en la productividad empresarial de las empresas olivícolas del distrito La Yarada Los Palos, año 2019
Authors: Portugal Mamani Evelyn Massiel , Marquez Tirado Victor Samuel
Published: December 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del modelo de negocio Canvas en la productividad empresarial de las empresas olivícolas del distrito La Yarada Los Palos, en el año 2019. La metodología utilizado consistió en un diseño analítico correlacional, se trabajó con dos empresas olivícolas del sector denominados Sur Oliva S.A.C. y Baumann Crosby S.A. donde se evaluó el modelo de negocio Canvas desde dos perspectivas; lienzo Canvas y el cuestionario de 13 preguntas aplicado a 20 trabajadores y clientes, la productividad empresarial se evaluó con un cuestionario de 9 preguntas mediante la escala de Likert a 20 trabajadores y clientes de las unidades de estudio; los resultados de las empresas en estudio desde los nueve elementos del modelo Canvas fueron; Recursos clave, Actividades, Alianzas clave . También la Propuesta de valor. Además, el tipo de Segmento de mercado, relaciones con los clientes, Canales de distribución. Finalmente se estableció los costos (en la producción y procesamiento) y las fuentes de ingreso. El estadístico utilizado para la comprobación de la hipótesis fue el Chi cuadrado al 95% de confiabilidad donde fue significativo por lo que la productividad empresarial está influenciada por el modelo de negocio Canvas.
Estudio comparativo de los créditos otorgados a la actividad productiva por la banca pública y privada en la troncal, Ecuador
Authors: Córdova Uzhca Jessica Mariela
Published: December 2021

La relevancia del tema de estudio se deriva de la finalidad de desarrollar mejores medidas de crecimiento económico en el Cantón La Troncal, siendo determinantes los créditos productivos otorgados en las instituciones financieras públicas y privadas del país para su alcance, con los cuales, se busca conseguir lo expuesto en el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 8 “Fomentar el crecimiento económico sostenido, inclusivo y sostenible, el empleo pleno y productivo, y el trabajo decente para todos”. Para esto, el Estado ecuatoriano emplea diferentes normas o leyes como la Ley de Fomento Productivo, que se orienta en favorecer las medidas de créditos y pagos de los empresarios para atraer a nuevas inversiones, se puede indicar que esta forma de actuación o intervención tiene un profundo enfoque teórico mercantilista por la necesidad de intervención del gobierno para generar riquezas en los factores de producción. Por su parte, el estudio presenta una justificación teórica debido a la importancia que tienen las facilidades de crédito para incentivar los proyectos de las diferentes naciones y como se ocasionaría un progreso lento en la economía si estas prestaciones imponen mecanismos inapropiados. Además, se presenta una justificación metodológica fundamentada en una investigación descriptiva de enfoque cuantitativo ya que se aplicó una encuesta a 68 emprendedores y se realizó una entrevista a 2 instituciones financieras privadas y 2 públicas, las mismas que servirán de base para el desarrollo de futuros estudios que muestren un tema y fenómeno de investigación similar al expuesto en la presente investigación.
ESTRATÉGIA NA CONTRATAÇÃO DE MÃO DE OBRA ESPECIALIZADA DE UMA EMPRESA DO SETOR DE SUCOS
Authors: Pedro Ana Beatriz
Published: December 2021

Este estudo tem como ambiente o setor de suprimentos de uma empresa produtora de sucos. Este setor tem passado por diversas mudanças ao longo dos anos, dentre elas a ampliação de um setor de compras para o de exercer o desenvolvimento de função estratégica, gerenciando recursos e buscando o aumento de competitividade, que por sua vez tornou as compras a serem recursos de valores agregados. Neste cenário, fornecedores de bens e serviços impactam positiva ou negativamente na cadeia de valor da empresa. Este estudo tem como objetivo demostrar, que por meio de estratégias de contratação de serviços, utilizando a Strategic Sourcing, como a empresa executa a compra de serviços elétricos para unidades em diferentes cidades do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados demonstraram que com o Strategic Sourcing é possível reduzir custos, aferindo ganhos na redução do preço de compra, ter serviços de qualidade e excelência, diminuir a base de fornecedores e simultaneamente melhorar o nível de qualidade e serviço entregues, auxiliar na eficácia do processo produtivo e otimizar a contratação. Conclui-se que a metodologia é eficiente na gestão de compras de serviços, promove integração interna e compartilhamento de informações e principalmente agiliza as negociações da cadeia de suprimentos.
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATIVE AND LINGUISTIC COMPETENCIES IN THE FORMATION OF LINGUISTIC PERSONA OF A PHILOLOGIST
Authors: Kylyshpayeva Sarbinaz Hamitovna , Onalbayeva Aigul Tynybekovna
Published: December 2021

The state and development of modern civilization require native speakers to have a perfect command of the basics of linguistic units of various structural levels, as well as all the means of language and the features of their implementation in the process of communication. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the tasks of the study were to find out the concept of «communicative competence», to outline its impact on the training of future teachers of language and literature, to determine the state of the problem under study. The methodological basis of the research is the theoretical foundations of higher education reform. In scientific research, various methods of pedagogical research are used: a meaningful analysis of scientific and theoretical concepts; the study of works on current problems of education; analysis, synthesis and generalization of psychological, pedagogical, linguistic and methodological literature; observations, generalization of advanced pedagogical experience to study the state of development of the problem of forming the communicative competence of philologists.
O processo administrativo disciplinar à luz da teoria do processo sancionador
Authors: França Vladimir da Rocha , Morais Giulliana Niederauer Flores Severo de
Published: December 2021

A relação estabelecida entre a Administração Pública e seus servidores públicos é regulada por estatuto, que prevê deveres, proibições e penalidades, sujeitando os funcionários ao poder-disciplinar, com a finalidade corretiva e punitiva, diante de infrações funcionais apuradas por meio de processo administrativo disciplinar. Partindo disso, compreende-se que os atos administrativos praticados dentro do processo administrativo disciplinar ostentam importantes efeitos processuais, devendo ser analisados à luz da teoria do processo sancionador. Por isso, o objetivo principal do presente artigo é identificar alguns princípios que fundamentam a teoria do processo sancionador, especialmente os seus efeitos jurídicos sobre os direitos fundamentais dos servidores públicos submetidos a procedimento disciplinar.
Literature Review : Pengaruh Teknik Pernapasan Buteyko Terhadap Kontrol Asma
Authors: Andriyani Novi , Kartikasari Dian
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Backgrounds : Asthma can cause narrowing of the airways, and it can cause symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath (dyspnea), therefore treatment is needed to control asthma to reduce the symptoms caused. One of the non-farmacological treatments is using the buteyko breathing technique. To describe the effect of the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control. This literature review research accessed the Garba Garuda and Researchgate databases. Search articles using two languages, for Indonesian-language articles, the search was conducted using the keywords: “Asma”, “Buteyko”, "Kontrol asma", while the English-language articles used the keywords: “Asthma”, “Buteyko”, “Asthma control". This study used the JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies, and the PICOTS format (population, intervention, comparative group, outcome, time, study design) in determining inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of this literature review showed that there was an increase in the level of asthma control after the intervention. There was also an effect of giving the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control. The p-value was less than 0.05. The conclusion of this literature review research showed that there was an effect of giving the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control.

Keywords : Asthma; Buteyko; Asthma control

AbstrakPenyakit asma dapat menyebabkan penyempitan pada saluran napas, dan hal ini dapat menimbulkan gejala seperti mengi, batuk, dan sesak napas (dispnea) pada penderitanya, maka dari itu diperlukan pengobatan untuk mengontrol asma agar mengurangi gejala yang ditimbulkan. Salah satu pengobatan non farmakologinya yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik pernapasan buteyko. Tujuan dari penelitian literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik pernapasan buteyko terhadap kontrol asma. Penelitian literature review ini mengakses database Garba Garuda, dan Researchgate. Pencarian artikel menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Indonesia, dan bahasa Inggris, untuk artikel berbahasa Indonesia, pencarian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci : “Asma”, “Buteyko”, “Kontrol Asma”, sedangkan artikel berbahasa Inggris menggunakan kata kunci : “Asthma”, “Buteyko”, “Asthma control”. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-eksperimental studies, serta menggunakan format PICOTS (population, intervention, comparative group, outcome, time, studi design) dalam menentukan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kenaikan pada tingkat kontrol asma sesudah pemberian intervensi tersebut, dibandingkan sebelum pemberian intervensi, dan terdapat pengaruh pemberian teknik pernapasan buteyko dengan kontrol asma dengan hasil p value <0,05. Simpulan dari penelitian literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian teknik pernapasan buteyko terhadap kontrol asma.

Kata Kunci : Asma; Buteyko ; Kontrol asma
Tingkat Kecemasan Perawat ICU Dimasa Pandemi COVID-19 : Literature Review
Authors: Amelia Sisca , Sulistyanto Benny Arief
Published: December 2021

AbstractAt the beginning of 2020, the whole world was shocked by the emergence of a new irus, namely the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The high rate of transmission of COVID-19 has resulted in a psychological impact on ICU nurses, one of which is anxiety. They are faced with mental health risks such as fear or anxiety if they carry a virus that endangers family or friends and are afraid of being infected. To identify the anxiety of ICU nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is a literature review. The process was by searching articles in two databases; PubMed and ScienceDirect. The searching used Critical Care Nurse, COVID-19 pandemic and anxiety as the keywords. There were 5 articles in inclusive and exclusive criteria and meet the critical review with the JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute) instrument. The results stated from the total samples 1.353, there was 45,8 % of ICU nurse ere in anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has an impact on nurses’ mental health, especially for ICU nurses. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is very important to pay attention to the mental health condition of nurses, especially ICU nurses. It suggested for them to see a psychiatrist or psychologist to recognizze their mental conditons so as to reduce anxiety levels.Keywords : Anxiety; COVID-19 Pandemic; ICU Nurse

AbstrakPada awal tahun 2020, diseluruh dunia digemparkan dengan munculnya virus baru yaitu coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Tingginya tingkat penularan COVID-19 ini mengakibatkan dampak psikologis pada perawat ICU salah satunya adalah kecemasan. Perawat yang bekerja di ICU di saat pandemi ini dihadapkan dengan resiko kesehatan mental mereka seperti takut atau cemas membawa virus dan membahayakan keluarga atau teman sejawat serta takut terinfeksi. Untuk mengidentifikasi kecemasan perawat ICU dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan mencari artikel dari dua data base yaitu PubMed dan ScienceDirect. Pencarian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Critical Care Nurse” AND “COVID-19 Pandemic” AND “anxiety”. Terdapat lima artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi penelitian, serta memenuhi telaah kritis dengan instrumen JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari beberapa perawat dengan total sampel 1.353 terdapat 45,8% perawat ICU mengalami kecemasan selama pandemi COVID-19. Pandemi COVID – 19 ini memberikan dampak kesehatan mental perawat khususnya pada perawat ICU. Dimasa pandemi COVID-19 seperti saat ini, pentingnya memperhatikan kondisi kesehatan mental perawat khususnya perawat ICU. Seperti bertemu dengan psikater/ psikolog untuk mengenali kondisi mental perawat khususnya dengan gejala kecemasan dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan yang terjadi.Kata kunci : Kecemasan; Pandemi COVID-19; Perawat ICU
Gambaran Status Gizi Pada Balita : Literature Review
Authors: Husna Laeli Nurul , Izzah Nur
Published: December 2021

AbstractToddler nutrition problems can cause some server effects. These nutritional problems can lead to the failure of physical growth and subobtimal growht of intelligence, even death. Therefore,, toddlers nutritional status must be monitorede continuously. This study aimed to find out the description of the nutritional status of toddlers. This research used a literature review. The articles were accessed from PubMed (1 article), Garba Garuda (3 article), and google scholar (4 article). Respondents in this study were toddlers. The result showed that the nutritional status of the toddlers, based on BMI/U, was mostly normal (54,4%). However, there were (24,7%) withunderweight nutritional status. The nutritional status of toddlers in indonesia was mostly normal (76,3%). In Nigeria, the nutritional status of toddlers in indonesia was mostly underweight (43,8%). Suggestions for health workers to provide more education to the public or mothers who have toddlers to provide balanced food and eksklusive breastfeeding to prevent malnutrition in todlers.Keywords: Toddlers; BMI/U; Nutritional status

AbstrakMasalah gizi balita dapat menyebabkan beberapa efek yang serius. Akibat masalah gizi tersebut seperti kegagalan dalam pertumbuhan fisik serta kurangnya optimal pertumbuhan dan kecerdasan, bahkan mengakibatkan kematian pada balita. Agar balita tidak mengalami masalah gizi maka harus dipantau status gizi secara terus menerus.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tentang status gizi pada balita dengan literatur review. Metode penelitian ini merupakan berjenis literature review, penelitian ini mengakses dari sumber database pubmed 1 artikel, garba garuda 3 artikel dan google scholar 4 artikel. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah balita.Hasil analisis literatur review menunjukan bahwaGambaran status gizi balita berdasarkan IMT/U didapatkan didapatkan separuh lebih balita dengan status gizi normal 54,4%, namun ada 24,7% dengan status gizi kurus dan status gizi balita di Indonesia separuh lebih dengan gizi normal 76,3% sedangankan pada luar negeri di Nigeria status gizi kurus lebih mendominasi tinggi dengan 43,8%. Saran untuk tenaga kesehatan untuk lebih memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat atau ibu yag memiliki balita dalam memberikan makanan yang seimbang dan Asi eksklusif agar mengetahui asupan yang diperlukan untuk mencegah terjadinya balita dengan gizi kurang atau buruk.Kata kunci: Balita; IMT/U; Status Gizi;
Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Partisi N-Heksana, Metanol Dan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantiifolia) Secara In Vitro
Authors: Lutfiyati Iesyi , Waznah Urmatul , Slamet S , Wirasti W
Published: December 2021

AbstractCholesterol is an important sterol in human body tissue which belongs to the lipid group but cannot be hydrolyzed. Cholesterol has various uses in the body such as forming steroid hormones in the hormones estrogen and progesterone. However, if cholesterol levels in the blood are too high, it can cause blockage of blood flow which can lead to atherosclerosis. Lime contains secondary metabolites that function to reduce the increase in cholesterol levels in the blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the anticholesterol activity and to determine the EC₅₀ value of partition n-hexane, methanol, ethanol extract of lime peel (Citrus aurantiifolia) in vitro. Analysis of cholesterol activity is known by measuring cholesterol levels in vitro using Lieberman Burchard reagent. The analytical method used UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 665.0 nm with a series of test sample concentrations of 150 µg/ml; 300 µg/ml; 450 µg/ml; 600 µg/ml and 750 µg/ml. The research data shows that the decrease in cholesterol levels is directly proportional to the increase in the concentration in the sample. The EC₅₀ value of the n-hexane partition was 448.76 µg/ml; methanol partition as much as 448.98 µg/ml and ethanol extract as much as 450.18 µg/ml.Keywords: Anticholesterol; in vitro; lime peel; partition.

AbstrakKolesterol merupakan sterol yang penting dalam jaringan tubuh manusia yang termasuk pada golongan lipid tetapi tidak dapat terhidrolisis. Kolesterol memiliki berbagai kegunaan dalam tubuh seperti pembentuk hormon-hormon steroid pada hormon esterogen dan progrsteron. Namun, jika kadar kolesterol dalam darah terlalu tinggi maka dapat menyebabkan penyumbatan aliran darah yang dapat mengakibatkan penyakit Aterosklerosis. Jeruk nipis memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berfungsi untuk mengurangi kenaikan kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui aktivitas antikolesterol dan mengetahui nilai EC₅₀ dari partisi n-heksana, metanol, ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantiifolia) secara in vitro. Analisis aktivitas kolesterol diketahui dengan mengukur kadar kolesterol secara in vitro menggunakan pereaksi Lieberman Burchard. Metode analisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 665,0 nm dengan seri konsentrasi sampel uji 150 µg/ml; 300 µg/ml; 450 µg/ml; 600 µg/ml dan 750 µg/ml. Data penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar kolesterol berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan konsentrasi pada sampel. Nilai EC₅₀ partisi n-heksana sebanyak 448,76 µg/ml; partisi metanol sebanyak 448,98 µg/ml dan ekstrak etanol sebanyak 450,18 µg/ml. Kata kunci: Antikolesterol; in vitro; kulit jeruk nipis; partisi.
Konservasi Energi Panas Sisa Proses Geothermal Power Plant
Authors: Putera Hanif , Al Rosyid Harun
Published: December 2021

Kemajuan pesat teknologi berbanding lurus dengan kebutuhan akan energi listrik namun tidak sejalan dengan ketersedian sumberdaya penghasil energi listrik tersebut, untuk itu diperlukan konservasi energi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan optimalisasi dari sebuah pembangkit listrik sehingga dapat menunjang peningkatan kebutuhan akan energi listrik. jurnal ini memberikan analisa kelayakan pemanfaatan energi panas sisa proses dari pembangkit listrik geothermal yang menjadi pembangkit utama, Dengan menggunakan System Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) dengan fluida kerja Iso-Butene, dengan cara menghitung heat balance dari siklus ORC, hingga didapatkan nilai enthalpi dan entropy dari system tersebut sehingga dapat dihitung energi yang dapat dihasilkan oleh turbin ekspansi yang menggerakan Generator, dengan hasil akhir ini tambahan energi yang dihasilkan oleh system ORC
Harmful substances in cosmetic preparations
Authors: Batinić Ana , Sutlović Davorka , Veršić Bratinčević Maja , Škorput Gabriela , Stolica Martina , Tegeltija Anamarija
Published: December 2021

Cosmetic preparations contain
a large number of ingredients. Some of them may have negative consequences,
most often in the form of allergic reactions, skin irritations, hormonal
disorders, increased risk of cancer. These chemicals are most often added to protect,
soften, or otherwise make the product more usable. The aim of this study was to
determine the presence of some potentialy harmful substances by qualitative
analysis of cosmetic products using the GC-MS method and to compare results with the data stated on
the product declaration. A total of 66 samples were analyzed: 10 baby shampoos
and bath products, 26 cosmetic products for the axillary area and 30 samples of
creams and serums. In 4 samples of baby shampoos and bath products (40 %)
the presence of pottentialy harmful ingredients were proven (parabens and
phenoxyethanol), while diethyl phtalate was detected in all samples but was not
stated in any of the declarations of these samples. Parabens were detected in
7.7 % of the products for application in the axillary area, although were
most often not declared on products, and diethyl phthalate was detected in
19 % of these samples. In 24 samples of creams and serums (80%) the
presence of potentialy harmful substances buthylhydroxytoluene,
cyclopentasiloxane, cyclotetrasyloxan, benzophenone, triethanolamine,
phenoxyethanol, diethylphthalate was noted. This study has proven the misleading
declarations. Phthalates were most often not declared on products. Better
regulation of product declarations is needed, as well as stricter controls on
the impact of primary packaging on product composition after packaging.