bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Penis: Review and Update
Authors: Kodzo-grey Venyo Anthony
Published: February 2025

Leiomyosarcoma of the penis is stated to arise from smooth muscles, which can be from dartos fascia, erector pili in the skin covering the shaft, or from tunica media of the superficial vessels and cavernosa. Prognosis of penile LMS is stated to be difficult to ascertain because reported cases of the tumour are rare. It has been pointed out that leiomyosarcoma of the penis could be classified as superficial tumour or deep tumour based upon the relation of the tumour to the tunica albuginea. It has been pointed out that deep tumours that measure greater 3 cm, high-grade lesions, and tumours that involve the corpora cavernosa, tend to spread locally and metastasize to distant areas and require more radical surgery with or without postoperative radiation therapy. In contrast, it has been stated that superficial lesions could be treated by the undertaking of local excision of the tumour only. It is known that carcinoma of the penis is not common with a worldwide incidence of 0.8 cases per 100,000 men. It is known that the commonest type of cancer of the penis squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) followed by soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and Kaposi sarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the penis is stated to be the second most common STS subtype afflicting the penis. It has been iterated that about 50 cases of penile LMS had been reported in the English literature by 2022, most of these cases had been reported as isolated case reports while Fetsch and colleagues had reported 14 cases from a single institute. Considering that primary leiomyosarcoma of the penis is not common, it would be envisaged that many clinicians would not have encountered a case before and hence it is important for all clinicians globally to be updated on the manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of LMS to enable them establish the diagnosis promptly in order to provide adequate and effective treatment for LMS of the penis.
Promising role of Fecal microbiota transplantation in Stroke management
Authors: Das Gupta Purshottam
Published: February 2025

Stroke, a cerebro-vascular disease presents a major global health problem, rated as the world's second-leading cause of death and the third most common cause of disability. Although in recent years there have been remarkable achievements in prevention, treatment, and recovery of post-stroke complications still, there is not a definite solution to overcome for this global problem. Differential transcription of certain gene segments are implicated in the location of stroke, which imbalances the proteome. Protein IL-1β anticipated to be the main culprit for the epigenetic modifications. Link between faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and Stroke management has been tried in rat model which gave promising results. In the recent past, several studies have indicated the key role of the gut microbiota composition and its alterations in the pathophysiology of stroke similar to many other diseases. In the present review, the alteration of gut microbiota due to the disease as well as dysbiosis of the microbiota as a causal factor for the development of the disease is discussed. The results of FMT trials in animal models and few human trials are summarised.
PENGARUH ENSILASE Arachis pintoi DENGAN CAMPURAN BAHAN PAKAN BERBEDA DAN PENAMBAHAN STARTER TERHADAP pH DAN KUALITAS FISIK
Authors: Gumilar Najwa Hegyra , Setiawan Muhammad Ariana , Yanza Yulianri Rizki , Susilawati Iin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ensilase Arachis pintoi, yang merupakan salah satu legume cover crop, dengan campuran bahan pakan yang berbeda terhadap pH dan kualitas fisik silase (aroma, jamur, tekstur, dan warna) menggunakan penambahan starter Effective Microorganism (EM4) 2%. Tiga perlakuan utama yang digunakan adalah P1 (100% Arachis pintoi), P2 (50% Arachis pintoi + 50% tebon jagung), dan P3 (50% Arachis pintoi + 50% ampas tahu), masing-masing dengan tambahan EM4 sebagai akselerator fermentasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P2 menghasilkan silase dengan kualitas fisik optimal berupa tekstur padat, tidak berlendir, dan bebas jamur dengan pH 4.57, serta aroma sedikit asam dan warna hijau kecoklatan. Perlakuan P3 memiliki pH sedikit lebih rendah (4.51) dengan tekstur padat tetapi sedikit berlendir. Berdasarkan kualitas fisik, P2 dianggap sebagai perlakuan terbaik untuk pembuatan silase Arachis pintoi.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN MUTU TANAK BEBERAPA BERAS VARIETAS LOKAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Millati Tanwirul , Susi Susi
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia dan mutu tanak beberapa beras varietas lokal Kalimatan Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan  7 varietas, yaitu Gedai, Klopo, Pandak Kambang, Pandak Putih,  Siam Rukut, Siam  Mayang dan  Siam Saba. Pengamatan yang dilakukan  meliputi kadar air,  pati, amilosa, lipida bebas, lipida  terikat, protein, penyerapan air, volume pengembangan, kadar pati terlarut dan tingkat kelekatan nasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi kimia dan mutu tanak beras dipengaruhi oleh varietas kecuali untuk kadar air dan kadar pati. Beras varietas lokal Kalimantan Selatan termasuk dalam beras beramilosa tinggi, dengan kadar amilosa > 25%. Mutu tanak beras dipengaruhi oleh  kadar amilosa dan lipida terikat.  Semakin  rendah kadar  amilosa dan lipida terikat beras,  penyerapan air dan volume pengembangan menjadi lebih besar dan nasi yang dihasilkan menjadi seperti pasta dan lembek  karena banyaknya pati terlarut dalam air pemasak dan  nasi menjadi lebih lengket.
IDENTIFIKASI MORTALITAS PRASAPIH ANAK KAMBING DI KECAMATAN KOTO VII
Authors: Ayu Pratiwi Dila , Toni Maiyon , Elisia Rini , Komala Refika
Published: February 2025

Kambing merupakan salah satu jenis ternak ruminansia kecil yang telah dikenal secara luas di Indonesia. Ternak kambing di Indonesia memiliki potensi produktivitas cukup tinggi sebagai penghasil daging, susu, penghasil keduanya (dwiguna) serta kulitnya sebagai hasil sampingan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis. Pada masa reproduksi ternak kambing mengalami  pubrtas, kawin, kebuntingan, melahirkan, menyusui hingga masa sapih. Ketika saat menyusui berumur 0-3 bulan adalah masa rentan terjadinya kematian pada anak kambing, baik itu terjadi karena kekurangan nutrisi dari induknya sendiri atau bahkan kecelakaan seperti terjepit jadi mangsa oleh hewan lainnya.  Mortalitas sangat erat hubungannya dengan tingkat produktivitas. Kematian setelah kelahiran sangat mempengaruhi  produktivitas pada ternak. Kematian setelah kelahiran anak kambing sangat mempengaruhi produktivitas ternak usaha ternak yang dikelola oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujunan untuk  mengetahui angka mortalitas anak  kambing prasapih dan apa penyebab mortalitas anak kambing prasapih di Kecamatan Koto VII. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan cara sensus mewawancarai seluruh peternak kambing yang ada di Kecamatan Koto VII. Dari hasil penelitian tingkat mortalitas disebabkan oleh litter size sebanyak 1 % karena sistem ekstensif induk kambing pun mencukupi asupan nutrisi nya sehingga anak kambing pun cepat beradaptasi untuk memakan rumput dan daun muda dan bahkan bisa dijadikan obat. Malnutrisi sebanyak 5% dikarenakan kekurangan nutrisi pada anak kambing prasapih. Penyebab ketiga anak kambing prasapih disebabkan oleh kecelakaan sebnyak 38% dikarenakan letak kandang yang dekat dengan jalan raya, dekat dengan tepi sungai dan lantai kandang yang kurang baik untuk anak kambing yang baru lahir. Dan yang tertinggi angka kematian anak kambing prasapih disebabkan oleh penyakit sebanyak 56% dikarenakan  penyakit diare dan kembung.
ANALISIS POTENSI EKOWISATA HALAL DI KAWASAN MANGROVE DESA SUNGAI BAKAU KECAMATAN KUMAI KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT
Authors: Yanuar Vita , Efendi Vira Mellynia
Published: February 2025

Hutan Mangrove Desa Sungai Bakau merupakan ekowisata dengan potensi sumberdaya alam yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Pemanfaatannya hanya sebatas fungsi ekologisnya saja meski sudah dilakukan pemugaran pembangunan menjadi objek wisata. Konsep ekowisata halal diterapkan sebagai solusi dan pembeda dari ekowisata lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekowisata halal yang ada di kawasan Hutan Mangrove Desa Sungai Bakau dan strategi pengembangannya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan nonprobability sampling dengan jenis sampel termasuk dalam purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, survei dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, inferensia dan SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi ekowisata halal Hutan Mangrove Desa Sungai Bakau terdiri dari 3 aspek, yaitu ramah dan aman untuk keluarga, fasilitas dan pelayanan ramah untuk umat muslim, dan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap wisata halal dan pelestarian lingkungan. Strategi pengembangan ekowisata halal Hutan Mangrove Desa Sungai Bakau harus dilakukan secara agresif.
Modificación de la red de área local del hogar para aumentar la seguridad
Authors: Porras Pérez Antonio
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Las actuales redes de fibra óptica instaladas en los hogares proporcionan una seguridad relativamente avanzada con múltiples opciones de configuración. Sin embargo, no se encuentra exento de posibles fallos o de que los usuarios se vean expuestos a múltiples amenazas que pueden comprometer su seguridad y su privacidad. Metodología: Basándose en un estudio y selección de las distintas amenazas y técnicas existentes para suprimir o mitigar las vulnerabilidades, se pretende crear un esquema más seguro. Se proponen dos modelos de routing Linux: router como punto de acceso, y router como intermediario. Resultados: El uso de dispositivos autorizados por dirección MAC y usuarios y contraseña con un acceso limitado por un cortafuegos reduce el riesgo de los atacantes a cometer una intrusión en nuestras redes locales. Discusión: La instalación y configuración de ambos modelos implica una serie de conocimientos y un mayor coste para aquellos usuarios que desean ampliar las especificaciones de seguridad de sus redes. Conclusiones: Aunque se consigue una mejor seguridad y la privacidad con los modelos propuestos, se ha de tener en cuenta la evolución de las amenazas y su evolución, por lo que los usuarios deben seguir siempre las recomendaciones de protección.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF COHESION IN THE CONTEXT OF MILITARY FORMATIONS
Authors: Podorozhnyi Vadym , Ivanov Serhii
Published: February 2025

The article considers a theoretical analysis of the concept of cohesion in the context of military formations. Cohesion is a key factor affecting the effectiveness of the functioning of military units, their ability to interact, perform combat missions and maintain the psychological stability of servicemen. The author reviews classical theories of group dynamics, in particular the works of L. Festinger, D. Cartwright and K. Levin, who laid the fundamental approaches to understanding this phenomenon.
The paper identifies the main components of group cohesion: emotional, instrumental and social. It shows how these aspects interact and form effective group interaction in military teams. Particular attention is paid to the specificity of cohesion in military formations, which is formed under the influence of strict discipline, common values, trust and mutual support in conditions of high stress.
Based on the analysis of modern research, factors that contribute to the development of cohesion in military groups are identified: the role of leadership, the importance of group norms, the influence of collective experience and training. The article also examines the main obstacles to the formation of cohesion, in particular conflicts, low levels of trust or poor leadership.
The study shows that cohesion in military formations is crucial for maintaining the effectiveness and psychological well-being of personnel. The findings can be useful for developing military training programs that will contribute to the formation of cohesive and psychologically resilient units.
Traveling Models and Practical Norms
Authors: Olivier de Sardan Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2025

Public policies, development projects, and NGO interventions often have large gaps between the planning and execution. Standardized public policies, especially development ones, ignore the multiple contexts in which they are implemented. Local actors (those targeted by public policies or responsible for implementing them) play a major role in the implementation of planning and execution. Their many strategies for circumventing official directives and protocols follow implicit "practical norms" that are ignored by international experts. This book examines how different modes of governance that deliver services of general interest experience significant gaps between explicit rules and implicit practices, between planned actions and daily routines, in Africa and beyond.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Ekonomi Berbasis Artificial Intelligence di SMA Negeri 18 Palembang
Authors: Tri Atmojo Sunarmo , Januardi  , Dian Lestari Neta
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran ekonomi yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran ekonomi yang dapat teruji kelayakan, kepraktisan, keefektifan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang menggunakan model Robert March ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluation) dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, angket dan tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran ekonomi dinyatakan kelayakan teruji sesuai dengan hasil gabungan dari tiga validator dengan rata-rata 81,66% dengan kategori sangat valid, dan teruji kepraktisan dilihat dari uji coba one to one dengan rata-rata 90% dengan kategori sangat valid dan uji coba small group dengan rata-rata 92,2% dengan kategori sangat valid dan keefektifan terhadap hasil belajar dilihat dari rata-rata field trial pre-test dan post test, maka hasil belajar tersebut menunjukkan hasil peningkatan dengan rata rata 38,5%. Dari perbedaan pre-test dan post-test. Jadi media pembelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 18 Palembang sangat efektif untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.
Analisis Perubahan PPh 21 Pasca UU HPP dan PP 58/2023 untuk Wajib Pajak Pribadi
Authors: Andjeliartini Nur Indah , Setyadi Bakti
Published: February 2025

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 58 Tahun 2023 mengubah tarif efektif untuk penghitungan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 21 Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi (WPOP) tahun 2024, khususnya dari Januari hingga November. Penelitian ini mengkaji perubahan tersebut dengan menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui studi literatur dan observasi, dengan perhitungan gaji individu sebagai sumber utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan dalam perhitungan PPh Pasal 21, di mana wajib pajak harus membayar sisa perhitungan yang disetahunkan dan kompensasi atas kelebihan pembayaran. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah meningkatkan sosialisasi mengenai tarif TER untuk mengurangi kebingungan wajib pajak, memperbaiki sistem administrasi perpajakan untuk mendukung pelaporan yang akurat, dan meninjau kembali kategori Penghasilan Tidak Kena Pajak (PTKP) agar lebih relevan dengan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi saat ini. Penelitian lanjutan juga diperlukan untuk mengevaluasi dampak kebijakan ini terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak dan penerimaan negara
Analisis Program Adiwiyata Pada Implementasi Pembelajaran Green Economy dalam Menumbuhkan Karakter Ecologycal Literacy OKU Timur
Authors: Ismail Khafid , Rohmah Miftakhur , Rahmadani Rafika , Liana Sari Nuri , Azmiyati Afifah
Published: February 2025

Maraknya isue pencemaran lingkungan berdampak pada sumber daya alam (SDA) yang menjadi perhatian penting diseluruh dunia.  Implementasi pendidikan Green Economy yaitu merupakan pembelajaran untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan (education for sustainable development). Tujuan penelitian 1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana program adiwiyata pada implementasi pembelajaran green economy dalam menumbuhkan karakter ecologycal literacy di Kabupaten Oku Timur, 2) untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung keberhasilan pembelajaran green economy dalam menumbuhkan karakter ecologycal literacy pada program Adiwiyata di OKU Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan mixed method, tekhnik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Tekhnik analisis data Triangulasi. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program Adiwiyata tidak hanya berkontribusi pada peningkatan karakter ecological literacy di kalangan siswa tetapi juga mendorong kesadaran kolektif tentang pentingnya menjaga lingkungan di masyarakat. Di SMP N 3 BP Peliung implementasi pendidikan green economy dalam menumbuhkan karakter ecological literacy sudah maksimal melaksanakan program pendidikan lingkungan, karena dapat kita ketahui terdapat siswa/siswi yang memiliki minat dan pengetahuan cukup tinggi mengenai pendidikan lingkungan selain itu banyak bagian siswa/siswi di sekolah tersebut mampu memahami dan mengerti dengan baik tentang pengetahuan lingkungan yang dikategorikan mulai dari yang rendah dengan total 37,50%, sedang 50,00%, dan tinggi 87,50%.  Maka dari itu program ini sangatlah sangat tepat dilaksanakan dan dikembangkan lebih maju lagi di sekolah tersebut karena seluruh siswa/siswi nya sudah mampu memahami dan mengerti dengan baik tentang pengetahuan lingkungan, baik dalam menjaga, melestarikan dan memanfaatkan lingkungan maupun hasil alam.
Penyampaian Media dan Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan CSR di Indonesia
Authors: Dwirini Dwirini , Subekti Rini
Published: February 2025

Studi ini menemukan bahwa banyak perusahaan di Indonesia telah menerapkan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) untuk menjangkau dan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat. Perusahaan yang tidak melakukan CSR berisiko menunjukkan citra yang buruk secara sosial dan lingkungan. Karena pelanggaran mereka terhadap peraturan, perusahaan juga akan berurusan dengan hukum. Berdasarkan standar peraturan pengungkapan yang berlaku, pengungkapan tanggungjawab sosial (CSR) adalah penyediaan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan yang sudah melaksanakan tanggung jawab sosialnya, yang bermanfaat bagi operasi bisnis dan kegiatan produksi mereka. Studi ini menyelidiki 30 perusahaan yang bergerak di aneka industri dan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 5 tahun berturut-turut dari 2018 hingga 2022. Metode pengambilan sampel purposive digunakan. Software SmartPLS 4 digunakan untuk menganalisis data partial least square (PLS). Menurut penelitian ini, penyampaian media dan return on sales ratio meningkatkan pengungkapan CSR. Variabel lainnya ukuran perusahaan (size), Debt to EBITDA, dan fitur perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan CSR.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Materi Jurnal Penyesuaian Melalui Metode Peer Tutoring di SMK Negeri 1 Sekayu
Authors: Wati Nur Rohma
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan strategi tutor sebaya guna meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi jurnal penyesuaian. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan dua siklus Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) di kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Sekayu. Setiap siklus meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi dan ujian hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat drastis dari 63,60% pada siklus I menjadi 83,00% pada siklus II. Selanjutnya, persentase ketuntasan klasikal meningkat dari 16 persen menjadi 83 persen. Tutor sebaya tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pelajaran tetapi juga memotivasi mereka untuk berpartisipasi dalam diskusi kelompok, lebih aktif, dan berpikir kritis. Dengan demikian, pendekatan ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi jurnal penyesuaian sekaligus berhasil membangun lingkungan belajar yang menarik dan mendukung
Literasi Digital, Bazar (Market Day) dan Lomba Entrepreneurship Pengaruhnya Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa
Authors: Hodsay Zahruddin , Permatasari Nuryanti , Gunawan Hendri
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi digital, bazar (market day) dan lomba entrepreneurship terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa FKIP Universitas PGRI Palembang. Populasi penelitian ini mahasiswa FKIP Universitas PGRI Palembang semester genap tahun akademik 2023/2024 yang telah menempuh mata kuliah kewirausahaan sebanyak 750 orang. Sampel berjumlah 260 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode diskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dokumentasi, observasi dan angket (kuesioner). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial ada pengaruh literasi digital terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa. Demikian juga terdapat pengaruh lomba entrepreneurship terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa. Namun, bazar (market day) tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa. Secara simultan ada pengaruh literasi digital, bazar (market day) dan lomba entrepreneurship terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa FKIP Universitas PGRI Palembang
Dependence of soybean plant survivability on the feeding area on typical chernozems
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Lemeshyk A. V. , Novytska N. V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2025

Topicality. Plant density is one of the key factors in the formation of soybean productivity, given that the most productive crops are formed with the optimal number of plants per unit area and the rational utilisation of actual environmental resources by each plant and the agrophytocenosis in general. Optimal plant spacing reduces the competition of soybean plants and ensures adequate supply of crop to soil nutrients, so both sparseness and thickness of crops significantly affect the yield shortfall. Purpose. To study the effect of row spacing and seeding rate on the survivability of soybean plants of early ripening varieties Vyshyvanka and Zhaklin. Methods In 2021–2022, the research was conducted in scientific laboratories and stationary crop rotation by the Department of Plant Production in the fields of the Separate Subdivision Agronomic Research Station of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (Pshenychne village, Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region), in the northeastern part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Phenological observations and assessment of crops were carried out according to the F. M. Kuperman's method at the main stages of plant growth and development: seedling, flower-bud formation, flowering, and ripening. The main phases of plant growth and development were noted: seedlings, budding, flowering, ripening. The beginning of the stage was considered to be the presence of the controlled trait in at least 10 % of plants, and 75 % of plants were considered as complete stage. The plant density was recorded in the stage of full seedlings and before harvesting according to the Methodology of State Variety Testing of Crops. Results. It was found that plant survivability depends on the feeding area, so the greatest losses (10.3–13.2 %) of plants during the harvesting period were observed when soybeans were sown in a wide-row method (45 cm) with a seeding rate of 750 thousand seeds/ha. The lowest losses (3.4–5.3 %) were observed in the wide-row method of sowing with a seeding rate of 450 thousand seeds/ha. Soybean crops sown in a conventional row method with a row spacing of 15 cm and various seeding rates did not show any particular sparseness during the ripening period, and the death rate did not exceed 5–7 %. The best plant development occurs at the optimal feeding area with an even distribution of plants on the field. Conclusions. On the typical low-humus chernozems of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, it is recommended to sow early ripening soybean varieties using the conventional row method of sowing, with a seeding rate of 450 thousand seeds/ha that to ensure even placement of plants, optimal nutrition area and survivability during the growing season.
Key words: soybean, variety, seeding rate, row spacing, sowing method, plant density, plant survivability
Tanggungjawab Notaris Terhadap Akta Yang Tidak Dibacakan Notaris Di Hadapan Para Pihak (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung No.351 PK/PDT/2018)
Authors: Zahra Tripipo Amirahni , Rembrandt  , Hasbi
Published: February 2025

Salah satu kewajiban Notaris adalah membacakan akta dihadapan penghadap sebelum akta tersebut ditandatangani (Pasal 16 ayat 1 huruf m UUJN). Pengecualian kewajiban pembacaan akta dapat dilakukan atas dasar permintaan penghadap karena penghadap telah membaca sendiri, mengetahui, dan memahami isinya, bukan merupakan keinginan dari Notaris untuk tidak membacakan akta dengan ketentuan keterangan mengenai alasan akta tidak dibacakan ditulis dalam penutup akta sesuai dengan perintah UUJN (Pasal 16 ayat 7). Adanya pengecualian kewajiban notaris menjadi latarbelakang karna pengaturan kewajiban membacakan akta oleh notaris dalam UUJN malah menyebabkan timbulnya presepsi seakan membacakan akta sudah menjadi tidak wajib lagi sifatnya. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini: 1) Bagaimana kewajiban notaris dan pertanggungjawaban notaris terhadap akta yang dibuatnya tidak dibacakan kepada para penghadap? 2) Bagaimana implikasi hukum terhadap akta yang dibuat oleh notaris apabila isi akta tidak dibacakan notaris?. Penelitian ini merupakan metode Normatif. Hasil penelitian, Pertanggungjawaban notaris terhadap akta yang tidak dibacakan putusan nomor 351 pk/pdt/2018 secara perdata terhadap kebenaran materiil Akta yang dibuatnya karena menimbulkan kerugian materiil terhadap Penghadap, Notaris dikenakan sanksi administratif terhadap jabatannya berupa peringatan tertulis, pemberhentian sementara, pemberhentian dengan hormat atau pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat. Notaris juga tidak terlepas dari sanksi perdata, jika ada pihak yang dirugikan dari akibat akta yang terdegradasi para pihak menuntut penggantian biaya, ganti rugi kepada Notaris. Akibat Hukum akta tidak dibacakan oleh Notaris pada putusan nomor 351 pk/pdt/2018 Dampak hukum terhadap akta yang tidak terpenuhinya kewajiban notaris sebagaimana diamanatkan Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf m Undang Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jabatan Notaris adalah Akta dalam pembuatannya tidak dibacakan oleh notaris kepada para pihak mengakibatkan akta menjadi akta di bawah tangan.
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH, BRAND IMAGE DAN LIFE STYLE TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK EIGER
Authors: Kotima Kusnul , Sulton Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh E-WOM, Brand Image dan Life Style terhadap keputusan pembeilian produk eiger. Metode yang digunakan dalam peneilitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data dari penelitian ini diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner dengan pernyataan tertulis kepada responden dan dianalisis menggunakan PLS (Partial Least Square). Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu konsumen produk Eiger di Kota Lamongan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 responden dengan menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa : (1) terdapat pengaruh antara EIectronic Word Of mouth terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Eiger. (2) terdapat pengaruh Brand Image terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Eiger. (3) terdapat pengaruh Life Style terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Eiger.
Predicting First-Year Engineering Student Dropout Using Data Mining: A Case Study at Salahaddin University-Erbil
Authors:   Salahaddin University-Erbil, Aziz Nian
Published: February 2025

High dropout rates among newly registered students in engineering programs significantly impact the academic plans and long-term strategies of many schools and universities. Student dropouts and low enrollment rates in engineering programs are major concerns for higher education institutions and governmental decision-makers in both developed and developing countries, however the reasons for these issues vary. This study utilizes a data mining approach to predict the features influencing dropout decisions. The method was applied to pre-enrollment and first-semester official data from the engineering college at Salahaddin University-Erbil. A dataset was built, preprocessed, modeled, and analyzed. The research yielded valuable results and suggested redesigning the application forms for engineering programs to further improve prediction rates and plan for student admittance who will complete the program successfully.
Metaheuristic Algorithms in Optimization and its Application: A Review
Authors: Fadhil Heba
Published: February 2025

Metaheuristic algorithms are an intelligent way of thinking and working developed for resolving diverse issues about optimization. The number of potential solutions for such problems often is too large to be properly analyzed using standard procedures; thus, these algorithms are highly flexible and can be useful in many cases where needed to predict different types of optimizations accurately. Metaheuristics take inspiration from several natural processes like evolution or animal behavior, which allow them to show strength without being specific only towards one area. Some Metaheuristics algorithms are commonly being used like : Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), Tabu Search (TS), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Cuckoo Search Approach (CSA). All of them derives from this initial set of solutions and employ heuristics to get from this set of solutions.. The objective of this paper is to thoroughly analyze different metaheuristic algorithms. Their principles, mechanisms and the area where they are applied and will delve into. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of these algorithmic performances in diverse settings that underscore their strong suits as well as their weaknesses. The discourse also makes mention of some specific examples like how metaheuristic algorithms find utility application in various fields which include but are not limited to engineering or computer science, even economics and healthcare later down the line receive due consideration with an eye towards specific results; showing not only how effective these individual algorithms can be when applied under differing scenarios but also pointing out areas deserving further research efforts be directed onto them.
Symbol Grounding in the Age of LLMs
Authors: Gaskin Benjamin
Published: February 2025

This paper considers symbol grounding in its practical and theoretical aspects. Taking up the theoretical perspective, we begin by considering the relative inefficiency of large language models in acquiring language. A framework is introduced based on the concept of morphological computation and formalised with reference to conditional Kolmogorov complexity: that the form of embodied experience scaffolds human language acquisition. This argument is extended to consider the symbol grounding problem, with particular reference to the origin of language in both the individual and historical sense. It is argued that, while humans also make use of statistical learning, the process of symbol grounding via morphological computation is essential at the origins of language and during early development. It provides a minimal ontology in terms of objects, containers, processes, etc.—basic features which language models must instead brute force by statistical means. The paper closes by reconsidering the symbol grounding problem in light of recent advances, particularly the promise of multi-modal models and robotics, and ultimately concludes that the status of the symbol grounding problem depends upon our aims in the pursuit of artificial intelligence.
Could Social Robots Without Phenomenal Consciousness Be Morally Competent?
Authors: Liu JeeLoo
Published: February 2025

On the basis of Ned Block’s distinction between cognitive accessibility and phenomenology (previously known as access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness), this paper argues that social robots equipped with mere cognitive accessibility but no phenomenal consciousness could nonetheless be morally competent to engage in moral deliberation and decision-making in scenarios involving moral dilemmas. Inspired by Bertram F. Malle’s advocacy of moral competence, this paper aims to establish moral competence of social robots without assuming that they have achieved the status of moral agents. Drawing on a survey conducted by the author with the human-in-the-loop methodology, the paper presents sample scenarios involving ethical dilemmas in assisted suicide, truth-telling, rescue operations, and law enforcement intervention, and argues that social robots with sufficiently constructed cognitive access will have the resources—being able to cognitively access and evaluate the relevant information and context—to handle these dilemmas in alignment with human values. What is required for social robots to obtain moral competence is not the ability to feel, to empathize, or to know what it is like to be them. It is rather the cognitive architecture of reasoning, information processing, verbal communication, aided with an appropriate moral framework. This paper employs the moral framework Confucian virtue ethics.
A Spectrum of Perceived Sociality: A Dynamical and Enactive Centering of Interactions Between Children and Robots
Authors: Levinson Leigh , McGraw Eli , Gomez Randy , Šabanović Selma
Published: February 2025

In the following work, we introduce the mathematical and theoretical underpinnings of dynamical systems theory and enactivism and extend them to child-robot interaction. We believe this approach leads to more tangible methods for studying such interactions. Dynamical Systems Theory (DST) are described and applied through Participatory Sense-Making (PSM), an enactive approach to social cognition. While PSM does well to lay out a new level of analysis for social interactions between humans, robots don’t cleanly fit in. We propose here that a child’s perception of a robot as a genuine sense-maker allows the interaction process to be considered a dynamic and coupled system. Perceived sociality is integral to creating and sustaining a meaningfully dynamic interaction, and we call for finer distinctions to that end while studying child-robot interaction. Our proposed spectrum of perceived sociality, informed and grounded by a dynamical systems approach to child development and theories aimed at socially categorizing a robot interactor, such as sociomorphing, operationalizes the study of child-robot interactions. This approach enhances dynamical and enactive systems methodologies in developmental research and human-robot interaction studies.
Losing Human Identity: Current Threats and Challenges of Robotics and AI
Authors: Yatsenko Olena , Sushchenko Oleksandra , Dégallier Rochat Sarah
Published: February 2025

The authors of the article examine the reasons for the pessimistic perspective, that envisions the possibility of catastrophe for humanity caused by the “singularity”. We argue that the interaction between humans and machines is neither a matter of competition nor collaboration. Instead, a more realistic outcome of human-machine interactions is the erosion of the genuine foundations of human identity nature. This perspective is based on an analysis of the essential elements that constitute human identity, as well as the most significant ways in which robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) affect individual, social, and cultural life. Through this analysis, we aim to identify the threats and opportunities, as well as propose viable solutions for the preservation and sustainable development of humanity..
Can Robots Care and Be Trusted?
Authors: Kodate Naonori , Nallur Vivek , Obayashi Kazuko , Mäkelä Pekka , Tamaki-Welply Yuko , Menezes Paulo
Published: February 2025

Trust is the bedrock of society, yet it is an essentially contested concept as well. While trust is vital not only to human interactions, but also to human-robot interactions, we do not know yet how to make machines/robots trustworthy, and what qualities are necessary for trust to emerge. In a future, where autonomous machines not only co-exist, but also co-habit our living spaces, we need to unpack and better understand such qualities. This is not merely a matter of ensuring appropriate functionality for the robot. Rather, it is a subject for cross-disciplinary discussions and explorations of the nature of trust. The virtuous, far-seeing, benevolent robot is currently the stuff of fiction. Our workshop “Can robots care and be trusted?” will explore the critical questions: what qualities are necessary for care robots to be trusted, and how will tasks be shared between humans and machines in care settings? The workshop looks at these questions from multiple perspectives. The speakers will also explore ‘integrative social robotics’ and key elements of responsible technology design, development and implementation in different cultural settings.
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY METHODS TO SLOW-FAST DYNAMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Bondarenko Nataliya , Otrashevskaya Valentina , Bozhonok Kateryna
Published: February 2025

The slow-fast autonomous two-dimensional dynamic systems are considered. Slow-fast dynamic systems describe various physical, mechanical, and other phenomena in which the gradual evolutionary accumulation of small changes over time leads to a sudden transition of the system to a new dynamic regime. The study of slow-fast dynamic systems is connected with finding the analytical equation of a slow invariant manifold, that is, a manifold where the phase trajectories of the system change slowly. This is due to the fact that the trajectory of the slow manifold divides the phase space of the dynamic system into slow and fast regions, that is, regions where the dynamics of the system slows down and accelerates, respectively. The work considers geometric approaches to finding the slow manifold of such systems, which allow writing the analytical equation of the slow manifold rather simply. The flow curve method is based on the concepts and methods of differential geometry and mechanics. Using the concept of the curvature of a curve allows one to determine the analytical equation of a slow manifold regardless of the "slow eigenvalues" of the system. The flow curvature method is applied to a slow-fast dynamic system. The analytical equation of the slow manifold of the considered system and the slow and fast regions of the phase space are determined. It was established that the equations of the slow invariant manifold of the dynamic system, obtained by the flow curvature method and the geometric singular perturbation method, are completely identical in the first order of approximation with a small parameter .
METHODOLOGY FOR EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY IN THE ELEMENTS OF THE «VIBRATION MACHINE – COMPACTING CONCRETE MIXTURE» SYSTEM
Authors: Slyusar Volodymyr
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a methodology for experimental research on the distribution of energy in the elements of a vibra-tion machine for compacting concrete mixtures. The development of this methodology is based on a thorough analy-sis of existing research methods and the determination of energies in mechanical systems and media. Within the general system of the "vibration machine – compacting concrete mixture," the following subsystems were identified: bearings of the vibration exciter, supports, vibration dampers, reactive and active masses, including the form mass and the compacting concrete mixture. Specific research methods for energy dissipation were determined for each of the mentioned subsystems, preceding relevant modeling. Energy dissipation depends on many factors: the composi-tion and structure of the material, cyclic deformation and stresses arising from the medium’s exposure, the type and parameters of the load, the duration of cyclic deformation, and more. The evaluation criterion for energy dissipa-tion in media is the energy absorption coefficient, which expresses the ratio of energy used to perform the techno-logical process of compaction to the potential energy. The ratio of these energies is considered an independent material characteristic, determined experimentally, taking into account actual technological and operational fac-tors. It was found that the following main methods are used to evaluate energy parameters: phase, damping oscilla-tions, hysteresis loops, energy, and resonance methods. The paper substantiates the methodology for experimental research of parameters and energy indicators of concrete mixture compaction processes. Two models—discrete and continuous—were used in the simulation of these processes.
ANALYSIS OF THE MIXER GEOMETRY AND RHEOLOGY IMPACT ON CONCRETE MIXTURE MIXING EFFICIENCY
Authors: Rudyk Rostyslav , Salnikov Roman
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the problems associated with the mixing efficiency of concrete mixtures in gravity con-crete mixers, which are widely used in construction sites due to their simplicity of design and mobility. Mod-ern requirements for energy efficiency and quality control accuracy require the development of advanced methods that can ensure high homogeneity of concrete mixtures with minimal energy consumption. Consid-erable attention is paid to the influence of the geometry of the drum and the working bodies of the concrete mixer on the mixing process. Various approaches to mathematical modeling have been described, which take into account the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete mixture and the nature of its movement during rotation. The analysis of the rheological properties of concrete mixtures shows their signifi-cant impact on the mixing efficiency. Studies demonstrate that the proper selection of the drum rotation speed, the angle of inclination of the blades and the duration of mixing allows for an optimal balance between the various physical forces acting on the particles. Prospects for further research are highlighted, including the development of complex models that would take into account various factors and would allow predicting the behavior of the mixture in real conditions.
DETERMINATION OF THE NORMS FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE FOR VARAS CITY TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY SETTLEMENTS
Authors: Satin Igor , Khitruk Serhiy , Panchenko Olena
Published: February 2025

Solving the problem of municipal waste management is based on determining the amount of generated waste. It is important to conduct research for both urban and rural settlements with different degrees of cov-erage of the population by a centralized system of collection and removal of household waste in order to ob-tain more reliable results.The purpose of the work is to improve methodological approaches to determining the norms of providing services for the transportation of municipal waste in populated areas.Analysis of literature data shows that there is no valid data on field measurements and their results, and there are no consistent forms of presentation of the obtained results. This makes it impossible to com-pare them and carry out a deeper analysis to identify the dependence of the calculated accumulation rates on the population and the level of coverage by the centralized collection system and transportation of municipal waste in cities, territorial communities and villages.This article presents field studies performed to determine the volume of municipal waste generation from the sources of its generation. On-site measurements were carried out on the territory Varas city territori-al community settlements.
Independent ethics in the work of the 21st Century Pharmacist
Authors: Siek Paweł
Published: February 2025

Pomimo rozwoju nauk szczegółowych, które wyjaśniają wiele aspektów ludzkiej egzystencji człowiek poszukuje głębokich racji własnych wyborów. „Płynna rzeczywistość” (Bauman) stanowi wyzwanie szczególnie w aspekcie etycznym. Zdefiniowanie wartości przez wieki określały religie.
W świecie XXI wieku ten faktor zmniejszył oddziaływanie na sferę ludzkiej egzystencji, a co za tym idzie – samej etyki i związanych z nią wyborów. Etyka jest pożądana i ceniona, lecz coraz trudniej znaleźć właściwe uzasadnienia określonych norm czy wartości. Prawo stanowione czy etyczne kodeksy zawodowe podają wiele rozwiązań, lecz nie są w stanie podać rozwiązań dla skomplikowanych sytuacji, jakie tworzy codzienność.
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie założeń etycznych Tadeusza Kotarbińskiego (1886-1981), polskiego filozofa, etyka i prakseologa. „Etyka niezależna” Kotarbińskiego, wraz ze swoim zapleczem teoretycznym, może stanowić wskazówkę, jak ma postępować farmaceuta w praktyce życia zawodowego. Całokształt myśli Profesora koncentruje się na trzech wymiarach. Są nimi: felicytologia (nauka o szczęściu), prakseologia (nauka o sprawnym działaniu) oraz etyka (kierowanie życiem duchowym), które stanowią całokształt ludzkiego istnienia i działania. Pragnienie „bycia szczęśliwym” jest wspólne każdemu człowiekowi a jego działania są nakierowane na tę wartość. Drugim czynnikiem jest sprawne działanie – jak najlepsze wykonywanie powierzonych zadań. Ten aspekt dotyczy każdego pracownika i jest pożądany w każdej dziedzinie, nie tylko w zawodach medycznych. Szczególnie ważne jest w pracy farmaceuty, która domaga się bezbłędności, czujnego i profesjonalnego niwelowania wszelkich błędów, które mogły zostać popełnione. Każda pomyłka czy niefachowość może skutkować zgubnymi skutkami dla zdrowia czy życia pacjenta. Oba te elementy łączą się z etyką i kreują niezbywalny fundament etyki – hierarchię wartości. Co powinno być centralną, najważniejszą wartością? Co ma wybierać Człowiek niezwiązany żadną religią czy ideologią? Pewną propozycją dla Farmaceuty XXI wieku mogą być założenia wskazane przez Tadeusza Kotarbińskiego. W artykule zostały przedstawione założenia etyki, która może być pewnym kierunkiem w rozwiązywaniu codziennych dylematów w pracy farmaceuty. Połączenie felicytologii, prakseologii oraz etyki, z naczelną zasadą „dobra pacjenta”, jest też wartościowym uzupełnieniem Kodeksu Etycznego, by ukształtować „porządnego” farmaceutę – osobę i profesjonalistę w swoim zawodzie.
Terahertz-Induced Second-Harmonic Generation in Quantum Paraelectrics: Hot-Phonon Effect
Authors: Yang Fei , Li X. J. , Talbayev Diyar , Chen Long-Qing
Published: February 2025

Recent terahertz-pump second-harmonic-generation(SHG)-probe measurements of quantum paraelectrics observed a significant long-lived non-oscillatory SHG component following an ultrafast resonant excitation of the soft mode, which was interpreted as a signature of terahertz-induced transient ferroelectric order. Here we propose a temperature-dependent dynamic model incorporating the hot-phonon effect to simulate the soft-mode behaviors under ultrafast terahertz excitation. Its application to paraelectric KTaO3 produces quantitatively most of the features exhibited in our time-resolved SHG measurements and those in existing literature, including a long-lived non-oscillatory SHG response, SHG oscillations at twice the soft-mode frequency, SHG dampings as well as temperature and field-strength dependencies. We conclude that the observed terahertz-induced non-oscillatory SHG response in quantum paraelectrics is a consequence of the induced nonequilibrium hot-phonon effect, offering an alternative to its existing interpretation as a signature of transient ferroelectric order.