bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On sets of subspaces with two intersection dimensions and a geometrical junta bound
Authors: Longobardi Giovanni , Storme Leo , Trombetti Rocco
Published: October 2021

In this article, constant dimension subspace codes whose codewords have subspace distance in a prescribed set of integers, are considered. The easiest example of such an object is a junta (Combin Probab Comput 18(1–2):107–122, 2009); i.e. a subspace code in which all codewords go through a common subspace. We focus on the case when only two intersection values for the codewords, are assigned. In such a case we determine an upper bound for the dimension of the vector space spanned by the elements of a non-junta code. In addition, if the two intersection values are consecutive, we prove that such a bound is tight, and classify the examples attaining the largest possible dimension as one of four infinite families.
The search for living worlds and the connection to our cosmic origins
Authors: Barstow M. A. , Aigrain S. , Barstow J. K. , Barthelemy M. , Biller B. , Bonanos A. , Buchhave L. , Casewell S. L. , Charbonnel C. , Charlot S. , Davies R. , Devaney N. , Evans C. , Ferrari M. , Fossati L. , Gänsicke B. , Garcia M. , de Castro A. I. Gomez , Henning T. , Lintott C. , Knigge C. , Neiner C. , Rossi L. , Snodgrass C. , Stam D. , Tolstoy E. , Tosi M.
Published: October 2021

One of the most exciting scientific challenges is to detect Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of other stars in the galaxy and search for evidence of life. During the past 20 years the detection of exoplanets, orbiting stars beyond our own, has moved from science fiction to science fact. From the first handful of gas giants, found through radial velocity studies, detection techniques have increased in sensitivity, finding smaller planets and diverse multi-planet systems. Through enhanced ground-based spectroscopic observations, transit detection techniques and the enormous productivity of the Kepler space mission, the number of confirmed planets has increased to more than 2000. Several space missions, including TESS (NASA), now operational, and PLATO (ESA), will extend the parameter space for exoplanet discovery towards the regime of rocky Earth-like planets and take the census of such bodies in the neighbourhood of the Solar System. The ability to observe and characterise dozens of potentially rocky Earth-like planets now lies within the realm of possibility due to rapid advances in key space and imaging technologies and active studies of potential missions have been underway for a number of years. The latest of these is the Large UV Optical IR space telescope (LUVOIR), one of four flagship mission studies commissioned by NASA in support of the 2020 US Decadal Survey. LUVOIR, if selected, will be of interest to a wide scientific community and will be the only telescope capable of searching for and characterizing a sufficient number of exo-Earths to provide a meaningful answer to the question “Are we alone?”. This contribution is a White Paper that has been submitted in response to the ESA Voyage 2050 Call.
GAUSS - genesis of asteroids and evolution of the solar system
Authors: Shi Xian , Castillo-Rogez Julie , Hsieh Henry , Hui Hejiu , Ip Wing-Huen , Lei Hanlun , Li Jian-Yang , Tosi Federico , Zhou Liyong , Agarwal Jessica , Barucci Antonella , Beck Pierre , Bagatin Adriano Campo , Capaccioni Fabrizio , Coates Andrew J. , Cremonese Gabriele , Duffard Rene , Grande Manuel , Jaumann Ralf , Jones Geraint H. , Kallio Esa , Lin Yangting , Mousis Olivier , Nathues Andreas , Oberst Jürgen , Sierks Holger , Ulamec Stephan , Wang Mingyuan ,   The GAUSS Team
Published: October 2021

The goal of Project GAUSS (Genesis of Asteroids and evolUtion of the Solar System) is to return samples from the dwarf planet Ceres. Ceres is the most accessible candidate of ocean worlds and the largest reservoir of water in the inner Solar System. It shows active volcanism and hydrothermal activities in recent history. Recent evidence for the existence of a subsurface ocean on Ceres and the complex geochemistry suggest past habitability and even the potential for ongoing habitability. GAUSS will return samples from Ceres with the aim of answering the following top-level scientific questions:

What is the origin of Ceres and what does this imply for the origin of water and other volatiles in the inner Solar System?

What are the physical properties and internal structure of Ceres? What do they tell us about the evolutionary and aqueous alteration history of dwarf planets?

What are the astrobiological implications of Ceres? Is it still habitable today?

What are the mineralogical connections between Ceres and our current collections of carbonaceous meteorites?
A Real Case Application of Game Theoretical Concepts in a Complex Decision-Making Process: Case Study ERTMS
Authors: Bekius Femke , Meijer Sebastiaan , Thomassen Hugo
Published: October 2021

Engineering systems are complex, amongst others due to the interdependencies between actor and technical aspects. This complexity has consequences for the way of designing such systems and, in particular, for the decision-making process. Recognizing the impossibility of having an optimal system design in such complex systems, this article explores how a game theoretical characterization of a decision-making processassistsin the organization and design of the process itself. In contrast to a game theoretical analysis, which results in optimal outcomes, the characterization is fed back to the designers of the decision-making process during the course of the process. The study analyses how the game concept characterization was used, i.e., which strategies were defined during the game theory interventions, and what the consequences of these strategies were for the design of the decision-making process. The design of a new safety system ERTMS for the Dutch railway sector is the context in which the study was performed. The contribution is a successful approach to complex decision-making in multi-actor systems by identification of multiple game concepts over time, with periodic feedback into the designing system, and not the actual decision-making itself. In short, it supported adapting to an actor focus on the process, it affected the role and responsibilities of the program management, it contributed to (de)coupling of issues, and it influenced the capability of creating awareness amongst actors of the urgency of the decision window. The paper ends with reflections on the experience of intervening in a decision-making process with game theoretical concepts.
Neural ranking models for document retrieval
Authors: Trabelsi Mohamed , Chen Zhiyu , Davison Brian D. , Heflin Jeff
Published: October 2021

Ranking models are the main components of information retrieval systems. Several approaches to ranking are based on traditional machine learning algorithms using a set of hand-crafted features. Recently, researchers have leveraged deep learning models in information retrieval. These models are trained end-to-end to extract features from the raw data for ranking tasks, so that they overcome the limitations of hand-crafted features. A variety of deep learning models have been proposed, and each model presents a set of neural network components to extract features that are used for ranking. In this paper, we compare the proposed models in the literature along different dimensions in order to understand the major contributions and limitations of each model. In our discussion of the literature, we analyze the promising neural components, and propose future research directions. We also show the analogy between document retrieval and other retrieval tasks where the items to be ranked are structured documents, answers, images and videos.
Clinical, Immunological, and Molecular Variability of RAG Deficiency: A Retrospective Analysis of 22 RAG Patients
Authors: Cifaldi Cristina , Rivalta Beatrice , Amodio Donato , Mattia Algeri , Pacillo Lucia , Di Cesare Silvia , Chiriaco Maria , Ursu Giorgiana Madalina , Cotugno Nicola , Giancotta Carmela , Manno Emma C. , Santilli Veronica , Zangari Paola , Federica Galaverna , Palumbo Giuseppe , Merli Pietro , Palma Paolo , Rossi Paolo , Di Matteo Gigliola , Locatelli Franco , Finocchi Andrea , Cancrini Caterina
Published: October 2021

Purpose

We described clinical, immunological, and molecular characterization within a cohort of 22 RAG patients focused on the possible correlation between clinical and genetic data.

Methods

Immunological and genetic features were investigated by multiparametric flow cytometry and by Sanger or next generation sequencing (NGS) as appropriate.

Results

Patients represented a broad spectrum of RAG deficiencies: SCID, OS, LS/AS, and CID. Three novel mutations in RAG1 gene and one in RAG2 were reported. The primary symptom at presentation was infections (81.8%). Infections and autoimmunity occurred together in the majority of cases (63.6%). Fifteen out of 22 (68.2%) patients presented autoimmune or inflammatory manifestations. Five patients experienced severe autoimmune cytopenia refractory to different lines of therapy. Total lymphocytes count was reduced or almost lacking in SCID group and higher in OS patients. B lymphocytes were variably detected in LS/AS and CID groups. Eighteen patients underwent HSCT permitting definitive control of autoimmune/hyperinflammatory manifestations in twelve of them (80%).

Conclusion

We reinforce the notion that different clinical phenotype can be found in patients with identical mutations even within the same family. Infections may influence genotype–phenotype correlation and function as trigger for immune dysregulation or autoimmune manifestations. Severe and early autoimmune refractory cytopenia is frequent and could be the first symptom of onset. Prompt recognition of RAG deficiency in patients with early onset of autoimmune/hyperinflammatory manifestations could contribute to the choice of a timely and specific treatment preventing the onset of other complications.
Twin-crane scheduling during seaside workload peaks with a dedicated handshake area
Authors: Zey Lennart , Briskorn Dirk , Boysen Nils
Published: October 2021

To enable the efficient division of labor in container yards, many large ports apply twin cranes, two identical automated stacking cranes each dedicated to one of the transfer zones on the seaside and landside. The use of a handshake area, a bay of containers that separates the dedicated areas of the two cranes, is a simple means to avoid crane interference. Inbound containers arriving in the transfer zone of one crane and dedicated to a stacking position of the other crane’s area are placed intermediately in the handshake area by the first crane and then taken over by the second crane, and vice versa for outbound containers. Existing research only evaluates simple heuristics and rule-based approaches for the coordination of twin cranes interconnected by a handshake area. For this setting, accounting for precedence constraints due to stacking containers in the handshake area, we derive exact solution procedures under a makespan minimization objective. In this way, a comprehensive computational evaluation is enabled, which benchmarks heuristics with optimal solutions and additionally compares alternative crane settings (i.e., without workload sharing and cooperation with flexible handover). We further provide insights into where to position the handshake area. Our results reveal that when planning is too simple (i.e., with a rule-based approach), optimality gaps become large, but with sophisticated optimization, the price of a simplified crane coordination via a handshake area is low.
Thermal behaviour of ceramics obtained from the kaolinitic clays of Terra Alta, Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Garcia-Valles M. , Cuevas D. , Alfonso P. , Martínez S.
Published: October 2021

The thermal properties and evolution of mineralogy and colour of kaolinitic clay from the Terra Alta region were studied. The mineralogy of these materials consists mainly of kaolinite (13–27 mass%) and quartz (48–86 mass%). Minor illite, hematite,K-feldspar and calcite also occur. The linear expansion and absorption curves were used to predict the optimal firing temperature of the raw clays. During firing, from 1100 °C the water absorption decreases steeply, due to an increase in liquid phase, which penetrates into the pores and close the porosity. At this temperature, the firing shrinkage increases progressively. The fired clays are mainly composed of quartz, cristobalite and mullite, with minor hematite and rutile. Mullite starts to appear at 1050–1100 °C. SEM observations show that porosity decreases with the firing temperature. The colour properties were measured in the raw clays and in the fired bricks at different temperatures. The lightness,L*, is lower in the fired test pieces respect to the natural clays. This colour varies according to the hematite content, being from white to reddish in the fired samples.
GDM-complicated pregnancies: focus on adipokines
Authors: Mallardo Marta , Ferraro Sara , Daniele Aurora , Nigro Ersilia
Published: October 2021

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious complication of pregnancy and is defined as a state of glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed and arises during gestation. Although the pathophysiology of GDM has not yet been thoroughly clarified, insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are considered critical components of its etiopathogenesis. To sustain fetus growth and guarantee mother health, many significant changes in maternal metabolism are required in normal and high-risk pregnancy accompanied by potential complications. Adipokines, adipose tissue-derived hormones, are proteins with pleiotropic functions including a strong metabolic influence in physiological conditions and during pregnancy too. A growing number of studies suggest that various adipokines including adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, resistin and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are dysregulated in GDM and might have pathological significance and a prognostic value in this pregnancy disorder. In this review, we will focus on the current knowledge on the role that the aforementioned adipokines play in the development and progression of GDM.
On Idealizations and Models in Science Education
Authors: Winkelmann Jan
Published: October 2021

Idealizations are omnipresent in science. However, to date, science education research has paid surprisingly little attention to the use of idealizations in fostering students’ model competence and understanding of the nature of science (NOS). The starting point for the theoretical reflection in this paper is that insufficient consideration of idealizations in the science classroom can lead to learning difficulties. The following discussions should help to clarify the terms idealization and model and their relationship to each other. An example is drawn from physics. At least two cases can apply when considering model usage in the classroom. In the first case, to understand an observed phenomenon, a model (as a representation) of the situation to be explained is constructed. At this point, it is necessary to perform idealization. Seemingly, this step is still neglected in much of the science education literature but is well addressed in the philosophy of science. In the second case, existing models to work with are introduced, perhaps alongside a real experimental situation. This approach is called working with models in science education. This paper focuses primarily on the first case. Against the background of model building, a positioning and conceptual approximation of idealizations take place. To organize the idealization process, a framework of several categories of idealization adopted from science philosophy is offered. The framework is intended to stimulate explicit reflection about how models are constructed. The construction of a model by idealization is illustrated through an example from geometrical optics. Finally, the considerations presented are discussed in the context of the literature, and suggested research topics are provided.
Effects and challenges of using a nutrition assistance system: results of a long-term mixed-method study
Authors: Hauptmann Hanna , Leipold Nadja , Madenach Mira , Wintergerst Monika , Lurz Martin , Groh Georg , Böhm Markus , Gedrich Kurt , Krcmar Helmut
Published: October 2021

Healthy nutrition contributes to preventing non-communicable and diet-related diseases. Recommender systems, as an integral part of mHealth technologies, address this task by supporting users with healthy food recommendations. However, knowledge about the effects of the long-term provision of health-aware recommendations in real-life situations is limited. This study investigates the impact of a mobile, personalized recommender system named Nutrilize. Our system offers automated personalized visual feedback and recommendations based on individual dietary behaviour, phenotype, and preferences. By using quantitative and qualitative measures of 34 participants during a study of 2–3 months, we provide a deeper understanding of how our nutrition application affects the users’ physique, nutrition behaviour, system interactions and system perception. Our results show that Nutrilize positively affects nutritional behaviour (conditional $$R^2=.342$$

R
2

=
.
342

) measured by the optimal intake of each nutrient. The analysis of different application features shows that reflective visual feedback has a more substantial impact on healthy behaviour than the recommender (conditional $$R^2=.354$$

R
2

=
.
354

). We further identify system limitations influencing this result, such as a lack of diversity, mistrust in healthiness and personalization, real-life contexts, and personal user characteristics with a qualitative analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews. Finally, we discuss general knowledge acquired on the design of personalized mobile nutrition recommendations by identifying important factors, such as the users’ acceptance of the recommender’s taste, health, and personalization.
Effects of task and hip-abductor fatigue on lower limb alignment and muscle activation
Authors: Rabello Rodrigo , Nodari Camila , Scudiero Felipe , Borges Iury , Fitarelli Luan , Bianchesse Jean , Rodrigues Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Purpose

Fatigue-induced hip-abductor weakness may exacerbate lower-limb misalignments during different dynamic single-leg tasks. We sought to evaluate the effects of fatigue and task on lower limb kinematics and muscle activation and to find associations between measurements obtained in two tasks.

Methods

One-group pretest–posttest design. Seventeen healthy adults (9 W) performed the single-leg squat (SLSQUAT) and the single-leg hop (SLHOP) before and after a hip-abduction fatigue protocol. Hip adduction, knee frontal plane projection angle (knee FPPA) and heel inversion displacement were measured during the eccentric phase of the SLSQUAT and the SLHOP, as well as activation of the gluteus medius (GMed), tensor fascia latae (TFL), peroneus longus (PER) and tibialis anterior (TA). Moments and tasks were compared using a repeated-measures two-way ANOVA. Correlation between tasks was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation.

Results

No differences in kinematics or activation were found between moments. Hip-adduction displacement (P = 0.005), GMed (P = 0.008) and PER (P = 0.037) activation were higher during SLSQUAT, while TA activation was higher during SLHOP (P < 0.001). No differences were found between tasks in knee FPPA and heel inversion. Hip-adduction and knee FPPA were not correlated between tasks, while ankle inversion displacement was positively correlated (rs = 0.524–0.746).

Conclusion

Different characteristics of SLSQUAT (slower and deeper) seem to have led to increased hip adduction displacement, GMed, and PER activation and decreased TA activation, likely due to higher balance requirements. However, hip-abductor fatigue didn’t influence lower-limb alignment during the tasks. Finally, evaluations should be performed with different single-leg tasks since they don’t give the same lower-limb alignment information.
Robust Machine Learning for Treatment Effects in Multilevel Observational Studies Under Cluster-level Unmeasured Confounding
Authors: Suk Youmi , Kang Hyunseung
Published: October 2021

Recently, machine learning (ML) methods have been used in causal inference to estimate treatment effects in order to reduce concerns for model mis-specification. However, many ML methods require that all confounders are measured to consistently estimate treatment effects. In this paper, we propose a family of ML methods that estimate treatment effects in the presence of cluster-level unmeasured confounders, a type of unmeasured confounders that are shared within each cluster and are common in multilevel observational studies. We show through simulation studies that our proposed methods are robust from biases from unmeasured cluster-level confounders in a variety of multilevel observational studies. We also examine the effect of taking an algebra course on math achievement scores from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, a multilevel observational educational study, using our methods. The proposed methods are available in the CURobustML R package.
The Impact of Contact Structure and Mixing on Control Measures and Disease-Induced Herd Immunity in Epidemic Models: A Mean-Field Model Perspective
Authors: Di Lauro Francesco , Berthouze Luc , Dorey Matthew D. , Miller Joel C. , Kiss István Z.
Published: October 2021

The contact structure of a population plays an important role in transmission of infection. Many ‘structured models’ capture aspects of the contact pattern through an underlying network or a mixing matrix. An important observation in unstructured models of a disease that confers immunity is that once a fraction $$1-1/{\mathcal {R}}_0$$

1
-
1
/

R
0

has been infected, the residual susceptible population can no longer sustain an epidemic. A recent observation of some structured models is that this threshold can be crossed with a smaller fraction of infected individuals, because the disease acts like a targeted vaccine, preferentially immunising higher-risk individuals who play a greater role in transmission. Therefore, a limited ‘first wave’ may leave behind a residual population that cannot support a second wave once interventions are lifted. In this paper, we set out to investigate this more systematically. While networks offer a flexible framework to model contact patterns explicitly, they suffer from several shortcomings: (i) high-fidelity network models require a large amount of data which can be difficult to harvest, and (ii) very few, if any, theoretical contact network models offer the flexibility to tune different contact network properties within the same framework. Therefore, we opt to systematically analyse a number of well-known mean-field models. These are computationally efficient and provide good flexibility in varying contact network properties such as heterogeneity in the number contacts, clustering and household structure or differentiating between local and global contacts. In particular, we consider the question of herd immunity under several scenarios. When modelling interventions as changes in transmission rates, we confirm that in networks with significant degree heterogeneity, the first wave of the epidemic confers herd immunity with significantly fewer infections than equivalent models with less or no degree heterogeneity. However, if modelling the intervention as a change in the contact network, then this effect may become much more subtle. Indeed, modifying the structure disproportionately can shield highly connected nodes from becoming infected during the first wave and therefore make the second wave more substantial. We strengthen this finding by using an age-structured compartmental model parameterised with real data and comparing lockdown periods implemented either as a global scaling of the mixing matrix or age-specific structural changes. Overall, we find that results regarding (disease-induced) herd immunity levels are strongly dependent on the model, the duration of the lockdown and how the lockdown is implemented in the model.
An optical-flow-based monitoring method for measuring translational motion in infrared-thermographic images of AFP processes
Authors: Denkena Berend , Schmidt Carsten , Timmermann Marc , Friedel Andreas
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a novel method for a precise localization of the automated-fiber-placement head, without the need for a data access to the machine control. It is based on a sub-pixel accurate optical-flow-algorithm which determines information about the heads movement by means of the material flow in sequences of IR images. Using local curvatures in the temperature field of the IR images, feature matrices are created which can locally be compared to the features of successive images. Thus, the translation between images become visible. This enables the possibility to perform an accurate ($$16.8\,\upmu{\mathrm{m}}$$

16.8

μ
m

) and self-sufficient process monitoring that additionally is capable of capturing the motion and position information of the AFP system and can be linked to existing algorithms for defect detection and classification.
The Use of Behavioral Modalities for Headache During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Authors: Riggins Nina , Ehrlich Annika
Published: October 2021

Purpose of Review

Migraine is primary headache which commonly affects women of childbearing age. Migraine and other primary headache disorders are also common during pregnancy. Understanding which treatments are effective and can be safely given to patients with primary headache during pregnancy and lactation is essential in supporting these patients before, during, and after childbirth. Behavioral modalities have the potential to improve the health of both mother and baby, while empowering patients to make informed decisions in family planning and creating future treatment plans.

Recent Findings

Research shows that behavioral therapies can be powerful tools to treat pain conditions with minimal side effects. Recent literature prioritizes behavioral therapies in preparation for pregnancy, during pregnancy, and during lactation due to the superior safety profile of such therapies. Digital resources for behavioral therapy are another well-received recent direction supported by growing evidence of both efficacy and safety. Popular with patients and headache specialists, digital behavioral therapy has taken various forms during the pandemic, such as telemedicine, online psychology support groups, and smartphone applications that patients can interact with on their own time.

In summary, the purpose of this review is to equip providers with important information and updates on the use of behavioral modalities for the treatment of primary headache during pregnancy and lactation.
Small farms and development in sub-Saharan Africa: Farming for food, for income or for lack of better options?
Authors: Giller Ken E. , Delaune Thomas , Silva João Vasco , van Wijk Mark , Hammond James , Descheemaeker Katrien , van de Ven Gerrie , Schut Antonius G. T. , Taulya Godfrey , Chikowo Regis , Andersson Jens A.
Published: October 2021

Most food in sub-Saharan Africa is produced on small farms. Using large datasets from household surveys conducted across many countries, we find that the majority of farms are less than 1 ha, much smaller than previous estimates. Farms are larger in farming systems in drier climates. Through a detailed analysis of food self-sufficiency, food and nutrition security, and income among households from divergent farming systems in Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda, we reveal marked contrasts in food security and household incomes. In the south of Mali, where cotton is an important cash crop, almost all households are food secure, and almost half earn a living income. Yet, in a similar agroecological environment in northern Ghana, only 10% of households are food secure and none earn a living income. Surprisingly, the extent of food insecurity and poverty is almost as great in densely-populated locations in the Ethiopian and Tanzanian highlands that are characterised by much better soils and two cropping seasons a year. Where populations are less dense, such as in South-west Uganda, a larger proportion of the households are food self-sufficient and poverty is less prevalent. In densely-populated Central Malawi, a combination of a single cropping season a year and small farms results in a strong incidence of food insecurity and poverty. These examples reveal a strong interplay between population density, farm size, market access, and agroecological potential on food security and household incomes. Within each location, farm size is a major determinant of food self-sufficiency and a household’s ability to rise above the living income threshold. Closing yield gaps strongly increases the proportion of households that are food self-sufficient. Yet in four of the locations (Ethiopia, Tanzania, Ghana and Malawi), land is so constraining that only 42–53% of households achieve food self-sufficiency, and even when yield gaps are closed only a small proportion of households can achieve a living income. While farming remains of central importance to household food security and income, our results help to explain why off-farm employment is a must for many. We discuss these results in relation to sub-Saharan Africa’s increasing population, likely agricultural expansion, and agriculture’s role in future economic development.
Towards food systems transformation—five paradigm shifts for healthy, inclusive and sustainable food systems
Authors: Ruben Ruerd , Cavatassi Romina , Lipper Leslie , Smaling Eric , Winters Paul
Published: October 2021

Food systems must serve different societal, public health and individual nutrition, and environmental objectives and therefore face numerous challenges. Considering the integrated performances of food systems, this paper highlights five fundamental paradigm shifts that are required to overcome trade-offs and build synergies between health and nutrition, inclusive livelihoods, environmental sustainability and food system resilience. We focus on the challenges to raise policy ambitions, to harmonize production and consumption goals, to improve connectivity between them, to strengthen food system performance and to anchor the governance of food systems in inclusive policies and participatory institutions. Taken together, these shifts in paradigms shape a new discourse for food system transformation that will be capable to respond to current and future policy challenges.
Kontaktlos „Helfen lernen“?
Authors: Rohleder Jonas , Vogt Tobias
Published: October 2021

Der Initiierung von Lernprozessen wird die Notwendigkeit aktiven Handelns zugeschrieben – eine Herausforderung in der Pandemiesituation, der auch in der anwendungsorientierten Turnausbildung angehender Sportlehrkräfte durch die Entwicklung angepasster Lehr-Lernkonzepte begegnet werden muss. Zuflucht wird – auch hier – gesucht in der Digitalisierung der universitären Lehre. Ob und, wenn ja, in welchem Maße dieser Herausforderung adäquat begegnet werden kann, diskutiert der vorliegende Beitrag am konkreten Beispiel eines mediendidaktischen Lehr-Lernkonzepts zum Gegenstandsbereich Helfen und Sichern im fertigkeitsorientierten Turnen. Über eine Lehr-Lernplattform werden Sportstudierende auf Basis instruktionaler Erklärvideos an die Grifftechnik herangeführt und durch Aufforderung zur Erprobung am Modell zum motorischen Erwerb der Grifftechnik angeleitet. Mittels Videodokumentation der handwerklichen Durchführung erfolgt die Kontrolle des individuellen Lernerfolgs. Ein solches mediendidaktisches Lehr-Lernkonzept fördert die Theorie- und Wissensvermittlung, jedoch nur unzureichend die Einbindung dieses Wissens in erforderliche Handlungs- und Reflexionsprozesse als wesentliche Bausteine professioneller Lehre. Räumliche, dynamische und kinästhetische Bedingungen der Hilfegebung werden ebenso wenig erfahren wie das pädagogische Potenzial der gemeinsamen Interaktion bei der gegenseitigen Hilfeleistung. Als Szenario ohne Präsenzlehre vermag das mediendidaktische Konzept pandemiebedingte Einbußen wohl zu begrenzen, aber nie zu kompensieren.
Production optimization of a network of multiple wells with each well using a combination of Electrical Submersible Pump and Gas lift
Authors: Pham Son Tung , Tran Dinh Hau
Published: October 2021

Artificial lift methods such as ESP and GL are commonly used in oil wells around the world, especially in offshore wells. However, these two methods are normally used separately, and this paper therefore aimed to study the possible combination of ESP and GL by analyzing its effects on energy saving using equivalent depth method and on production rate as well as on ESP life cycle using nodal analysis. The paper also performed the production optimization for a network of wells using each well a combination of GL and ESP. The optimization process consists of selecting the appropriate operation frequency for the ESP system and the injection gas lift distributed to each well with the aim of maximizing the total production of the network. In addition, this optimization process was conducted in two cases: unlimited and limited volume of injection gas lift. In case the GL flow is limited, the BST (Binary Search Tree) algorithm was used to determine the suitable gas rates injected into each well to maximize the total network production. The optimization workflow proposed in this study was applied to the field X in Cuu Long basin of Vietnam and was calibrated from the real data of this field. The results demonstrated the advantage of the combination of ESP and GL in energy saving and in application for small diameter wells. In addition, the workflow and source code will allow engineers to replicate the results and to apply this method for future studies in order to determine optimum operating parameters of this hybrid artificial lift to achieve the highest production rate from a network of multiple wells.
X-Mark: a benchmark for node-attributed community discovery algorithms
Authors: Citraro Salvatore , Rossetti Giulio
Published: October 2021

Grouping well-connected nodes that also result in label-homogeneous clusters is a task often known as attribute-aware community discovery. While approaching node-enriched graph clustering methods, rigorous tools need to be developed for evaluating the quality of the resulting partitions. In this work, we present X-Mark, a model that generates synthetic node-attributed graphs with planted communities. Its novelty consists in forming communities and node labels contextually while handling categorical or continuous attributive information. Moreover, we propose a comparison between attribute-aware algorithms, testing them against our benchmark. Accordingly to different classification schema from recent state-of-the-art surveys, our results suggest that X-Mark can shed light on the differences between several families of algorithms.
Does a lack of vaccine side effects correlate with reduced BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine response among healthcare workers and nursing home residents?
Authors: Oyebanji Oladayo A. , Wilson Brigid , Keresztesy Debbie , Carias Lenore , Wilk Dennis , Payne Michael , Aung Htin , Denis Kerri St. , Lam Evan C. , Rowley Christopher F. , Berry Sarah D. , Cameron Cheryl M. , Cameron Mark J. , Schmader Kenneth E. , Balazs Alejandro B. , King Christopher L. , Canaday David H. , Gravenstein Stefan
Published: October 2021

Background

The BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has mitigated the burden of COVID-19 among residents of long-term care facilities considerably, despite being excluded from the vaccine trials. Data on reactogenicity (vaccine side effects) in this population are limited.

Aims

To assess reactogenicity among nursing home (NH) residents. To provide a plausible proxy for predicting vaccine response among this population.

Methods

We enrolled and sampled NH residents and community-dwelling healthcare workers who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, to assess local or systemic reactogenicity and antibody levels (immunogenicity).

Results

NH residents reported reactions at a much lower frequency and lesser severity than the community-dwelling healthcare workers. These reactions were mild and transient with all subjects experiencing more local than systemic reactions. Based on our reactogenicity and immunogenicity data, we developed a linear regression model predicting log-transformed anti-spike, anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD), and neutralizing titers, with a dichotomous variable indicating the presence or absence of reported reactions which revealed a statistically significant effect, with estimated shifts in log-transformed titers ranging from 0.32 to 0.37 (all p < 0.01) indicating greater immunogenicity in subjects with one or more reported reactions of varying severity.

Discussion

With a significantly lower incidence of post-vaccination reactions among NH residents as reported in this study, the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine appears to be well-tolerated among this vulnerable population. If validated in larger populations, absence of reactogenicity could help guide clinicians in prioritizing vaccine boosters.

Conclusions

Reactogenicity is significantly mild among nursing home residents and overall, subjects who reported post-vaccination reactions developed higher antibody titers.
Bilateral teleoperation with object-adaptive mapping
Authors: Gao Xiao , Silvério João , Calinon Sylvain , Li Miao , Xiao Xiaohui
Published: October 2021

Task space mapping approaches for bilateral teleoperation, namely object-centered ones, have yielded the most promising results. In this paper, we propose an invertible mapping approach to realize teleoperation through online motion mapping by taking into account the locations of objects or tools in manipulation skills. It is applied to bilateral teleoperation, with the goal of handling different object/tool/landmark locations in the user and robot workspaces while the remote objects are moving online. The proposed approach can generate trajectories in an online manner to adapt to moving objects, where impedance controllers allow the user to exploit the haptic feedback to teleoperate the robot. Teleoperation experiments of pick-and-place tasks and valve turning tasks are carried out with two 7-axis torque-controlled Panda robots. Our approach shows higher efficiency and adaptability compared with traditional mappings.
Mary, woman of faith and displaced person: insights for Catholic schools
Authors: McKinney Stephen J.
Published: October 2021

Catholic schools share in the preferential option for the poor that is an essential part of following Jesus and the mission of the Church. Catholic schools in many parts of the world have an historical and contemporary mission for the care and education of the poor. This article uses key passages from the Gospels of Luke and Matthew to illustrate that Mary can be understood as an exemplar of God’s preferential option for the poor. Mary is presented as a young and poor Jewish woman of faith in the Annunciation and the Magnificat in Luke’s Gospel and is presented as an externally displaced person in flight into Egypt in Matthew’s Gospel. The paper also examines the journey to Bethlehem in Luke’s Gospel as interpreted by Pope Francis. He interprets this as Mary being an internally displaced person. Adopting these distinctive modes of interpretation, Mary can be recognised as a model of the preferential option for the poor for Catholic schools.
Review of DC-DC Converter Topologies Based on Impedance Network with Wide Input Voltage Range and High Gain for Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Wu Xiaogang , Wang Jiulong , Zhang Yun , Du Jiuyu , Liu Zhengxin , Chen Yu
Published: October 2021

The development of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) has a major impact on improving air quality and reducing other fossil-fuel-related problems. DC-DC boost converters with wide input voltage ranges and high gains are essential to fuel cells and DC buses in the powertrains of FCVs, helping to improve the low voltage of fuel cells and “soft” output characteristics. To build DC-DC converters with the desired performance, their topologies have been widely investigated and optimized. Aiming to obtain the optimal design of wide input range and high-gain DC-DC boost converter topologies for FCVs, a review of the research status of DC-DC boost converters based on an impedance network is presented. Additionally, an evaluation system for DC-DC topologies for FCVs is constructed, providing a reference for designing wide input range and high-gain boost converters. The evaluation system uses eight indexes to comprehensively evaluate the performance of DC-DC boost converters for FCVs. On this basis, issues about DC-DC converters for FCVs are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. The main future research directions of DC-DC converter for FCVs include utilizing a DC-DC converter to realize online monitoring of the water content in FCs and designing buck-boost DC-DC converters suitable for high-power commercial FCVs.
Strategic priorities for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the EMRO region
Authors: Ahmed Syed Osman , El Fakih Riad , Elhaddad Alaa , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Altbakhi Abdulghani , Chaudhry Qamar-Un-Nisa , Bazarbachi Ali , Adil Salman , Al-khabori Murtadha , Othman Tarek Ben , Gaziev Javid , Khalaf Mohamad , Alshammeri Salem , Alotaibi Sultan , Alshahrani Mohammed , Bekadja Mohamed Amine , Ibrahim Ahmad , Al-Wahadneh Adel Mohammed , Altarshi Muna , Alsaeed Ahmad , Madani Abdellah , Abboud Miguel , Abujazar Husam , Bakr Mohamad , Abosoudah Ibraheem , El Cheikh Jean , Almasari Ahlam , Alfraih Feras , Baldomero Helen , Elsolh Hassan , Niederwieser Dietger , Chaudhri Naeem , Aljurf Mahmoud
Published: October 2021

The World Health Organization-designated Eastern Mediterranean region (EMRO) consists of 22 countries in North Africa and Western Asia with a collective population of over 679 million. The area comprises some of the wealthiest countries per capita income and some of the poorest. The population structure is also unique and contrasts with western countries, with a much younger population. The region sits in the heart of the thalassemia belt. Many countries have a significant prevalence of sickle cell disease, and cancer is on the rise in the region. Therefore, the strategic priorities for the growth and development of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) differ from country to country based on resources, healthcare challenges, and prevalent infrastructure. Thirty-one reporting teams to the Eastern Mediterranean Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group have active HSCT programs in 12 countries; allogeneic transplants outnumber autologous transplants, and the proportion of allotransplants for non-malignant conditions is higher in the EMRO region than in Western Europe and North America. The vast majority (99%) of allotransplants are from matched related donors. Matched unrelated donors and other alternate donor transplants are underutilized. The chance of finding a matched related donor for allografts is higher, with a significant chance of finding matched donors among non-sibling related donors. Reasons for relatively lower rates of transplants compared with other countries are multifactorial. Capacity building, development of newer centers, innovative funding, and better utilization of information technology are required to make transplantation as an accessible modality to more patients. Cost-effectiveness and cost-containment, regulation, and ensuring quality will all be priorities in planning HSCT development in the region.
Stahl's Illustrated Violence
Authors: Stahl Stephen M. , Muntner Nancy , Morrissette Debbi Ann
Published: October 2021

Stahl's Illustrated Violence is a concise and highly illustrated guide to the underlying neurobiology, genetic predisposition and management of aggressive behaviours in patients with psychiatric disorders. All of the titles in the Stahl's Illustrated series are designed to be fun. Concepts are illustrated by full-color images that will be familiar to readers of Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology, 4th edition, and The Prescriber's Guide. The visual learner will find that these books make psychopharmacology concepts easy to master, while the non-visual learner will enjoy a shortened text version of complex psychopharmacology concepts. Each chapter builds on previous ones, synthesizing information from basic biology and diagnostics to building treatment plans and dealing with complications and comorbidities. Novices may want to begin by looking through all the graphics and gaining a feel for the visual vocabulary. Readers more familiar with these topics should find that going back and forth between images and text provides an interaction with which to vividly conceptualize complex pharmacologies. Each book ends with a Suggested Reading section to help guide more in-depth learning about particular concepts.
Contribution of home availability, parental child-feeding practices and health beliefs on children’s sweets and salty snacks consumption in Europe: Feel4Diabetes-Study
Authors: Papamichael Maria Michelle , Karaglani Eva , Karatzi Kalliopi , Iotova Violeta , Kivelä Jemina , Cardon Greet , De Vylder Flore , Bazdarska Yuliya , Dimova Roumyana , González-Gil Esther , Flores-Barrantes Paloma , Liatis Stavros , Moreno Luis , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Manios Yannis
Published: October 2021

Adoption of healthy dietary and snacking habits could support optimum physical and mental development in children as they define health in adulthood. This study assessed parameters associated with children’s snacking such as food home availability, parenting practices, and parents’ health beliefs. In this cross-sectional study 12 039 children, 49·4% boys 5–12 years, participating in the European Feel4Diabetes-Study were included. Children’s weekly consumption of sweets and salty snacks, home availability of snacks, food parenting practices, and health beliefs were assessed via questionnaires. Logistic regression was applied to explore associations of a) home availability of snacks, b) food parenting practices (permissiveness and rewarding with snacks) and c) parent’s opinions on deterministic health beliefs with children’s consumption of sweets and salty snacks. Results showed that home availability (sweets: ORadj: 4·76, 95 % CI: 4·32, 5·23; salty snacks: ORadj: 6·56, 95 % CI: 5·64, 7·61), allowing to consume (sweets: ORadj: 3·29, 95 % CI: 2·95, 3·67; salty snacks: ORadj: 3·41, 95 % CI: 2·98, 3·90) and rewarding with sweets/salty snacks (sweets: ORadj: 2·69, 95 % CI: 2·23, 3·24; salty snacks: ORadj: 4·34, 95 % CI: 3·57, 5·28) ‘sometimes/or less frequently’ compared to ‘always/or often’ were associated with lower weekly consumption of sweets and snacks. Parents’ disagreement compared to agreement with deterministic health beliefs and inattentive eating were associated with lower consumption of salty snacks and sweets in children. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that attempts to promote healthy snacking habits in children should aim to improve parental dietary habits, food parenting practices, health beliefs, and reducing home availability of unhealthy foods and snacks.