bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Phenological Responses of Eragrostis plana Nees and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. Plants Subjected to Different Soil Moisture Conditions
Authors: CARLOTO B.W. , BURIOL G.A. , DORNELLES S.H.B. , TRIVISIOL V.S. , PERIPOLLI M. , ESCOBAR O.S.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Experiments were run in a greenhouse where samples of Eragrostis pilosa and Eragrostis plana, species that infest rice crops, were subjected to three soil moisture conditions (50% of soil water retention capacity (WRC), 100% of WRC, 10 cm water depth), simulating three different environments (upland, lowland and irrigated rice farm, respectively), with the aim of studying how these conditions affect the morphology and vegetative cycle of these plants, by means of development and growth assessments. Results show that each species responds differently when subjected to varying amounts of water in the soil. Soaking the soil with 10 cm of water was the treatment that most negatively influenced the development of E. plana plants, reducing the formation of panicles per plant, as well as the aerial part dry mass. The responses of E. pilosa plants to the waterlogged environment manifested as reductions in tillering parameters, number of panicles per plant, root and aerial part dry mass, changes in flag leaf formation, and vegetative cycle increases, which allows inferring that these plants are more sensitive to hypotoxic environments. Thus, the water depth treatment is possibly what caused negative effects on the development of the study plants, which indicates that water management in irrigated rice farming is of uttermost importance for management of invasive plants.
RNA clean-up by phenol:chloroform v2
Authors: J. Richter Daniel
Published: November 2019

Phenol: chloroform extraction to clean up RNA ( e.g. to remove DNAse or DNAse Inactivation Reagent.) Based on phenol/chloroform protocol (http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/6/pdb.prot5438.full), ethanol precipitation protocol (http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/6/pdb.prot5440.full)
JOSEPH HENRY AND GEOLOGY AT PRINCETON
Authors: YOUNG DAVIS A.
Published: November 2019

The first documented geology lectures at Princeton were given in 1825 by John Finch (circa 1790–circa 1835), an English visitor to the United States. In the 1830s, John Torrey (1796–1873) delivered a few geology and mineralogy lectures at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), but Joseph Henry (1797–1878), Professor of Natural Philosophy at the College of New Jersey from 1832 to 1848, introduced the first repeated geology course. In the 1830s, the College of New Jersey instituted a handful of short courses on topics outside of the regular curriculum. Geology was assigned to Henry, owing to his geological experience with Amos Eaton (1776–1842) along the recently opened Erie Canal. Henry taught geology for the first time in August 1841, repeated the course in 1843, 1846, and 1847, and probably also in 1844, 1845, 1850, and 1851. Henry typically focused on geophysical aspects of Earth, such as internal heat and Laplace's nebular hypothesis. He also discussed the geologic time scale from Primitive to Alluvium and Diluvium with descriptions of rock types and fossil content of each group. The final lecture was normally devoted to paleontology. Henry relied on Eaton and Edward Hitchcock (1793–1864) for much of his information and took advantage of published cross-sections to explain structural features. The content and timing of the various offerings is reconstructed from Henry's various lecture notes, dated correspondence, and three student notebooks. The impact of Henry's course on students, himself, and the Smithsonian Institution is evaluated.
MILITARY GEOLOGY: AN AMERICAN TERM WITH GERMAN AND FRENCH ANCESTRY
Authors: ROSE EDWARD P. F.
Published: November 2019

The year 2019 marks the 80th anniversary of the start of the Second World War and the 75th anniversary of the Allied landings in Normandy: respectively the first major conflict in which geologists were deployed professionally in uniform by opposing sides from the start of hostilities, and the first successful major amphibious assault whose planning was significantly influenced by geologists. ‘Military geology’ had become established within major world powers as a discipline relevant to military operations, following its initial development in the First World War. The term in English had entered scientific literature via publications in the USA from 1917 onwards, initially by Joseph Ezekiel Pogue, Jr (1887–1971). This followed use of ‘Militärgeologie’ from 1913 by Walter Kranz (1873–1953) in Germany, a term subsequently used also in Austria-Hungary, although mostly replaced by ‘Kriegsgeologie’ in both nations from 1915 and by ‘Wehrgeologie’ from about 1935. However, ‘géologie militaire’ was in French use even earlier, notably in the sub-titles of books by an infantry officer, Joseph-Charles-Auguste Clerc (1840–1910), on the French Alps in 1882 and the Jura mountains in 1888. This term complemented use of ‘géographie militaire’, a name in use since 1836 for a subject whose study was given impetus in France by defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. In recent years ‘military geoscience’ has come into more popular use, reuniting military geology with geography and embracing associated disciplines.
The Effect of Basic Pencak Silat and Breathing Technique Practices on the Improvement of Physical Fitness in Male Athletes Viewed from Body Mass Index (An Experimental Study on Perguruan Pencak Silat Merpati Putih Maos Cilacap)
Authors: Kuswanti Eri , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Liskustyawati Hanik
Published: November 2019

The objectives of research were: 1) to distinguish the effect of basic pencak silat (martial art) technique practice and the combined basic and breathing technique practice on the improvement of physical fitness, 2) to compare the improvement of physical fitness of athletes (pesilat) with lean and normal BMI. This study was an experimental research, with 20 male athletes being the sample. The sample taken was athletes aged 16-19 years belonging to adolescence period, constituting the good period for improving body size growth. The sample is divided into two experimental groups: basic technique group and basic and breathing techniques group. The physical fitness is measured based on BMI of Perguruan Merpati Putih Maos members, in which all sample members were measured for their body height and weight. Body Mass Index is a method employed to determine an individual’s nutrition status. In adolescent, this determination is based on Body Mass Index (IMT) calculation and then matched with the growth chart corresponding to age and sex. Practice program was conducted 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The participants of two experiment groups did the practice according to their groups’ treatment. Considering the result of Anova test, it could be found p = 0.000 < 0.05 for basic and breathing technique movement and p = 0.000 < 0.05 for basic movement. This result indicated p < 0.05, meaning that Ho is not supported. It could be concluded that pencak silat basic technique practice program with the combined basic and breathing technique practices could improve physical fitness of Merpati Putih Maos Cilacap members more effectively.
The Concept of Theme and Rheme in Children Code Switching
Authors: Ma’rifatullah Ma’rifatullah
Published: November 2019

This paper is aimed to discuss about the concept of Theme and Rheme in relation with children code switching study case at Bale Lumbung Residence, district Labuapi. Theme and Rheme was firstly introduced by M.A.K Halliday in 1985. The reason why those terms are used in this study due to they are considered more appropriate in the present framework rather than Topic and Comment as what some grammarians used earlier. Considering Theme and Rheme as newer approach in analyzing a message, so those are relevant to measure the content of code switching. Data was taken ethnographically by recording and interviewing technique in this descriptive qualitative research. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive qualitative method through four steps, i,e. data reduction, data description, data grouping, and conclusion. The results of this study show that firstly, theme and rheme are found in children Sasak – Indonesian code switching. Secondly, code switching is used as communication strategy, to show their local identity, and to confirm that they are skilled in terms of use two languages within a communicative event.
Anthropometric Engineering Approach in Conceptual Design of Sleeping Pillow
Authors: Mououdi Mohammad Amin , Golitalari Hanieh , Nonorimoghaddam Sharbano , Ghorbanirameneti Narjes , Ghaempanah Fariba , Mahdavih Morteza
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Sleep is an essential element for maintaining health, which is associated with several factors in improving its quality, including the use of a suitable pillow that, with effective support, can support the spine in the neck area and it prevents complications such as headache, neck pain and shoulder pain .The purpose of this study was to provide a suitable pillow design in accordance with the dimensions of Iranian people for proper support in both back and flank positions.
Materials and Methods: 84 volunteers (40 males and 44 females) with an average age of 29/47 years (SD=7/91) were enrolled. Anthropometric characteristics such as head width in the ear area, head length, head height, etc. were determined using a caliper, a Canon SX60HS camera, a digimizer software, Excel and SPSS version 20. Different percentiles of the body dimensions of men and women were calculated. The findings were used to calculate the dimensions of different parts of the ergonomic pillow.
Results: Based on different dimensions of the head, neck and shoulder area in the sample, the pillow was designed with a width of 70 and a depth of 26/4 cm for men and a width of 65 and a depth of 26/4 cm for women.
Discussion and Conclusion: It is anticipated that the pillow designed according to anthropometric measurements of Iranian subjects can reduce head and neck pain and spinal problems. It is also recommended that other research has to be done to standardize the dimensions and type of pillow material in all parts of Iran.
proceso de resignificación social de la quinoa, el camino de un alimento indígena al mundo globalizado
Authors: Varese Martín Gabriel
Published: November 2019

¿Cuál es el camino que lleva a la quinoa a ser consumida por un mundo globalizado? En este artículo se revisan diversos documentos con la finalidad de responder a esta pregunta. La quinoa pasa por un proceso de resignificación diferente al de otros alimentos que son vistos como marcadores étnicos, por ejemplo la máchica o el chocho. La quinoa no precisa despojarse del marcador étnico indígena para ser valorada, más bien se apropia de dicho marcador y lo utiliza; es decir, se conforma en un alimento “políticamente correcto” para el momento específico en el que vivimos. Estudio sobre el proceso histórico por el que pasó la quinoa, específicamente en el Ecuador, así como en la región andina, para convertirse en un alimento reconocido a nivel global, por sus cualidades, ancestrales y puras, respaldadas por puntos nutricionales y organolépticos.
Oyunu Değiştirmek: Neden Daha Fazla Kadın Spora Katılım Sağlayamıyor?
Authors: ÇELİK Onur Burak , İNCE YENİLMEZ Meltem
Published: November 2019

Toplumun diğer yönlerinde olduğu gibi, kadınların da spordaki mevcut durumu uzun ve zorlu bir tarihin sonucudur. Akademik çalışmalarda, kadınların ve kız çocuklarının spora katılımı ve eğitim başarısı arasında güçlü bir bağlantı kurulmaktadır. Spor, ayrıca, cinsiyet ayrımcılığı olmadan katılımcıların fiziksel, zihinsel, duygusal, sosyal ve psikolojik gelişiminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Elbette erkek ve kadın eşittir, ancak yine de kadınlar hala birçok az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde cinsiyet eşitsizliği sorunuyla karşı karşıyadır. Cinsiyet; sosyal sınıf, ırk ve yaş ile birlikte sporun teorik olarak tüm analizlerine dâhil edilmesi gereken önemli bir sosyal etmendir. Kadınların spor ve fiziksel aktivite alanındaki görünürlüğünü ve katılımlarını artırmak toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmaları açısından da önemlidir. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışmanın amacı sporu cinsiyet analizi çerçevesinde inceleyerek bazı eksik konuları aydınlatmaktır. Ayrıca, cinsiyetçi yaklaşımı ortadan kaldırmak için kadınların karar verme ve liderlik pozisyonlarında yer almalarını sağlamak, sporda şiddet, istismar ve tacize karşı savaşmak için politikaların geliştirilmesi ve uygulamaya başlaması gerekliliği belirtilmektedir.
Business Cycle Volatility in Turkey
Authors: GEBESOGLU Pinar
Published: November 2019

This study investigates
the long-term dynamic relation among the volatility of the business cycles in
Turkey and the the current account balance, financial capital flows, terms of
trade and money supply volatility. The volatilities of the designated variables
are derived by employing ARCH/ GARCH type processes. The ARDL model covering
the period 1998Q1:2018Q4 indicates that there is cointegration among the
volatilities of the selected variables. The VECM model is formed to investigate
dynamic correcting movement in deviations from long-run equilibrium. It is
concluded that the volatility of business cycles in Turkey can be explained by
the fluctuations in financial capital flows as well as volatilities observed in
terms of trade and money supply in the long run.
Accomplished ladies and well-mannered gentlemen: The effect of education in Jane Austen’s novels
Authors: Jordán Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2019

The education of young people is one of the recurring themes of Jane Austen's novels. In all her works there are references to the consequences of the education received or its shortcomings. This is a determining factor in the development of personality and Austen, who focuses her novels on people, places great importance on it.

In this article, we will analyze the abundant references Austen makes on the subject of education and we will offer some information on this aspect in her sociocultural context, differentiating between education as a person's formation, on the one hand, and the acquisition of knowledge and skills on the other.
Legal Consequences of Creditor's Name Change in Syndicated Loan Agreement
Authors: Wiyono Pambudi , Pujiono
Published: November 2019

The present study discussed the legal consequence of the creditor's name change and the consideration used by the Supreme Court Judge no. 1300 K/Pdt/2013. The present study was categorized as doctrinal legal study using case study approach. The data were collected through library research. Syllogism was employed as the analysis technique of this legal writing. The change of creditor's name in a syndicated loan, as it happens to "PT. Bank Finconesia” that changes its name to “PT. Bank Agris" cause problems since the new name "PT. Bank Agris" is not mentioned in the loan agreement no. 8 dated 28 November 1995. The making of syndicated loan agreement should be based on article 1320 and 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code.  The Supreme Court no. 1300/K/Pdt/2013, the supreme court has made an incorrect decision by granting the plaintiff's lawsuit as the syndicated creditor. It is incorrect because, in the syndicated loan agreement, the creditors had agreed to appoint a facilitating agent who acts legally as representative of the creditors, it makes the facilitating agent is authorized to have a direct relation with the debtors, especially in filing a lawsuit to the court.
Monetary Valuation of Selected Forest Products in Andoni
Authors: J Irikana, J. , A Akujuru V.
Published: November 2019

Forest products are materials gotten from forest, for the direct consumption or commercial use such as timber and non-timber forest products. The destruction of forest in Andoni due to the exploration and consumption of forest products are done without determining the values of these products that could have been lost. This study attempts to determine the value of identified forest products information gathered through the use of questionnaire focus group discussion, field survey and other related materials. The simple percentage analysis shows that forest products have a lot of value to the people; hence community dwellers involved in it. Conclusively, forest product were identified and categorized into wildlife species (wild animal) and plant species which usefulness were been influenced by socio-external factor, economical factor and livelihood security factor. The economic value of forest product in a study area is N532,351,300.00 while the expected value is N865,648,300.00. Therefore, the government at all levels should provide indiscriminate exploitation of premature forest product policy on forest management that are appropriate. These should be made to effectively reflect and enhance forest protection and improvement of livelihood of the people.
Language Shifting Phenomenon from Javanese to Bahasa Indonesia in English Department Students’ Utterances
Authors: Nirmala Deli , Candria Mytha
Published: November 2019

Javanese shifting to bahasa Indonesia can be identified in Javanese young generation’s utterances. This paper aims at finding out how Javanese is getting to shift to Bahasa Indonesia and an alternative speech level. To investigate this phenomenon, we used DCT (Discourse Completion Task) and recording techniques to collect the data i.e the utterances produced by the English Department Students of Diponegoro University whose parents are Javanese. we used referential, inferential, and distributional methods to analyze the data. The results indicate that the students’ utterances can be identified as congruent Javanese speech level, Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Indonesia mixed with Javanese items, Javanese mixed with Bahasa Indonesia items,  incongruent Javanese speech levels, and alternative Javanese speech levels. The mixing codes  may be used for mitigating the force of threatening, or for hedging.
La construction de l’hypothèse dans une recherche qualitative, une illustration à partir de l’étude sur la distance sociale à l’innovation dans la production d’attiéké en Côte d’Ivoire.
Authors: Soho Rusticot DROH De Bloganqueaux , MOBIO Aubin Jacob
Published: November 2019

Résumé : Les spécialistes de méthodologie reconnaissent que l’hypothèse est un élément déterminant dans toutes études en sciences sociales. Cependant ces derniers ne s’accordent pas sur son statut et rôle dans ces études. Pour certains son statut et son rôle consistent à la vérification de la véracité des hypothèses ou théories identifiées préalablement par le chercheur, d’autres soutiennent que l’hypothèse dans une étude qualitative se construit tout au long du processus de recherche en fonction des directions et ouvertures induites par la collecte des données. Cet article illustre à partir d’un cas, le processus de construction de l’hypothèse dans une démarche qualitative de type Grounded theory.  Ainsi il démontre que la construction de l’hypothèse de cette recherche est partie d’une hypothèse (H1) qui a émergée d’une analyse de données, puis s’est progressivement construit dans un processus itératif et circulaire au gré des orientations du couple collecte et analyse des données.

Abstract : Methodologists agree that hypothesis is a determining element in all social science studies. However, they do not agree on its status and role in these studies. For some, its status and role consists in verifying the veracity of the hypothesis or theories previously identified by the researcher, others argue that the hypothesis in a qualitative study is constructed throughout the research process according to the directions and openings induced by data collection. This article illustrates, from a case, the process of constructing the hypothesis in a qualitative approach of Grounded theory type. Thus, he demonstrates that the construction of the hypothesis of this research is start of a hypothesis (H1) that emerged from a data analysis, then gradually built into an iterative and circular process according to the orientations of data collection and analysis.

Keywords :
Analysis of Community Social Issues in Jamdin Buyong Editorial Cartoon Press Sabah Times
Authors: Zakaria Suraya Hani , Pu’ad Bebit Mohammad , Rahim Mohd Sawari
Published: November 2019

This research aims to analyze social issues in more detail in Jamdin Buyong's editorial cartoon work published in the Sabah Times newspaper in 1967. The cartoon produced in the press is an important historical record of civilization. This is because it describes the situation of the community at that time which is the recording of events, life and social society. Social institutions of society are sometimes faced with problems of life and conflict in themselves requires instruction such as reprimand, advice, indirect criticism. Gambling through cartoon can be presented through casual and unpretentious methods. Hence, the strength of this visual arts branch is what painters use to criticize constructively and help solve problems as well as to build harmony and social harmony. However, these visual artworks are not addressed as serious and less attention and references. This study uses a visual semiotic theory approach by Charles Sanders Pierces to explain the meaning that will lead to values ​​as a teaching and guidance. In summary, this study proves that the production of cartoon in representation or symbolic use is used by the painter to make a statement of humorous, sharp or sarcastic criticism. The purpose is to deliver messages, advice and lessons to the community that rely on good positive and moral values ​​to the community. The impact, the content of the values ​​in the cartoons shows the social issues of youth and youth that have begun since the 60s to today. Hence, the resulting study is expected to benefit the community and change the meaning and visual concept among the community in order to be a form of documentation for future generation and future reference.
Front Page
Authors: Analisa Analisa
Published: November 2019

Front Page
Author Guidelines
Authors: Analisa Analisa
Published: November 2019

Author Guidelines
Halaman Depan
Authors: Smart Smart
Published: November 2019

1. Cover2. Team Redaksi3. Pengantar Redaksi4. Ucapan Terimakasih5. Daftar isi
KONSTRUKSI MASKULINITAS DALAM CERITA RAKYAT JAWA
Authors: Mashudi Arif , Thoyib Muhammad Edy
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi maskulinitas yang ada di dalam cerita rakyat Jawa. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa cerita-cerita rakyat Jawa yang ada di dalam dongeng ceritarakyat.com. Artikel ini merupakan kajian kritik sastra dengan menggunakan pedekatan metode kualitatif. Landasan teori dalam penelitian ini adalah multiple masculinities oleh R.W. Connell. Teori ini menjelaskan bahwa pola maskulinitas selalu berbeda-beda tergantung pada kebudayaan dan masanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya cerita-cerita rakyat Jawa menkonstruksi beberapa maskulinitas yang berbeda-beda. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa maskulinitas merupakan hal yang sangat kompleks. Meskipun berasal dari akar kebudayaan yang sama, pola maskulinitas dalam cerita rakyat Jawa tersebut tdak homogeny dan sederhana.
Kata Kunci: Konstruksi, cerita rakyat, maskulinitas, multiple masculinities.
KHITAN PEREMPUAN DALAM FATWA MUI NO. 9A TAHUN 2008 DAN PERMENKES NO. 6 TAHUN 2014 PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID AL-SYARI’AH
Authors: Rahmawati Erik Sabti , Maknun Lukluil
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui landasan-landasan yang mempengaruhi terbitnya fatwa MUI dan PERMENKES, dan (2) menjelaskan khitan perempuan dalam fatwa MUI dan PERMENKES dengan menggunakan tinjauan maqashid al-syari’ah. Penelitian ini berupa literature research (penelitian kepustakaan). Kemudian pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan komparatif dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh persamaan dan perbedaan tentang khitan perempuan dalam Fatwa MUI No.9A Tahun 2008 dan PERMENKES No.6 Tahun 2014. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dua hasil penelitian, (1) landasan terbitnya Fatwa MUI No.9A Tahun 2008 ialah untuk menghidupkan sunnah adanya khitan pada perempuan sebagai tanda pemuliaan bagi para perempuan. Sedangkan landasan terbitnya PERMENKES ialah disebabkan oleh adanya fenomena praktek khitan perempuan yang tidak higienis yang cenderung menghilangkan libido perempuan. (2) jika ditinjau menggunakan maqashid al-syari’ah, khitan perempuan dalam fatwa MUI menekankan pada syiar Islam yaitu hifdz al-diin (menjaga agama) dan hifdz al-nafs (menjaga jiwa). Sedangkan khitan perempuan dalam PERMENKES lebih menekankan pada hifdz al-nafs (menjaga jiwa), karena jika pelaksanaan khitan tersebut dengan menghilangkan secara total atau sebagian dari organ kelamin wanita, maka itu akan berdampak buruk pada fisik dan juga psikis seorang perempuan.
Kata Kunci: Khitan; Fatwa MUI; PERMENKES; Maqashid Al-Syari’ah.
Perceived Financial Needs, Income Sources, and Subjective Financial Well-Being in an Emerging Market
Authors: Kiymaza Halil , Öztürkkal Belma
Published: November 2019

This study investigates perceived financial needs and subjective financial well-being using data from a national survey of 2,567 households in Turkey. Financial needs are measured by consumer perceived ability to meet current living expenses in the short-term as well as their assessment for the retirement security in the long-term. We also investigate how income sources are related to subjective financial well-being. Findings show that households' daily concerns including the inability to meet short-term expenses including healthcare, daily living expenses (food and utilities), and the inability to maintain the existing living standard are highly significant factors in explaining their subjective financial well-being. We also find that having enough income during retirement and ability to find a job in the future are positively related to subjective financial well-being. Finally, when households' incomes are from work, rental properties, family, and pension, they feel more financially secure.
A Financial Psychology Intervention for Increasing Employee Participation in and Contribution to Retirement Plans: Results of Three Trials
Authors: Horwitz Edward J. , Klontz Bradley T. , Zabek Faith
Published: November 2019

Despite decades of retirement plan enrollment meetings, many employees fail to fully engage in their employer-sponsored retirement plans. Under the framework of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change, this study examines the effectiveness of a financial psychology intervention designed to increase engagement in employer-sponsored retirement plans across three employee groups: 107 employees of a regional bank, 43 employees of a custom manufacturing company, and 48 employees of a construction company. Following the intervention, significant changes in plan participation, contribution rates, and one-on-one follow-up meetings with financial advisors were observed. Thirty-eight percent of previously unengaged employees became plan participants, 68% requested and held meetings with financial advisors, and contribution rates increased by 39%, resulting in a total $199,445 increase in first-year annualized contributions and employer matching funds across the three groups.
Incontinência Urinária de Esforço e Disfunção Sexual Feminina: O Papel da Reabilitação do Pavimento Pélvico
Authors: Preda Andreia , Moreira Susana
Published: November 2019

Introdução: A incontinência urinária afeta 21,4% das mulheres portuguesas e tem impacto negativo na qualidade de vida e na esfera sexual. A reabilitação do pavimento pélvico é a primeira linha de tratamento na incontinência urinária de esforço e pode ser uma opção terapêutica na disfunção sexual. O objetivo desta revisão é esclarecer se o tratamento com reabilitação do pavimento pélvico apresenta efeitos benéficos na função sexual em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço.Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão, recorrendo à base de dados PubMed, usando os termos: ‘urinary incontinence’, ‘female sexual dysfunction’ e ‘pelvic floor physical therapy’, recolhendo informação de 12 artigos relevantes.Resultados: A reabilitação do pavimento pélvico está associada à redução dos episódios de perda de urina e à melhoria da incontinência coital. Verifica-se uma melhoria nos scores de avaliação da função sexual após tratamento. Multiparidade, maior adesão ao tratamento, melhoria na força de contração muscular do pavimento pélvico e diminuição da perda de urina são fatores associados a uma melhoria da função sexual.Discussão: A função sexual deve ser avaliada na abordagem desta patologia e a sua estandardização é fundamental na caraterização do quadro clínico e na avaliação do follow-up. São necessários estudos para avaliar o papel da reabilitação do pavimento pélvico na disfunção sexual de mulheres com incontinência urinária na população portuguesa.Conclusão: A reabilitação do pavimento pélvico melhora a função sexual nas mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço, pela diminuição de episódios de perda de urina e pelo fortalecimento dos músculos do pavimento pélvico.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM KLASTER BANK INDONESIA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS UMKM DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Hairullah Hairullah , Tikawati Tikawati , Iswadi Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Abstract - Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important and strategic role in national economic development, economic growth and employment. In addition, in the structure of the economy, MSMEs are generally the largest layer of business actors. They are referred to people's economic actors. However, the problem is the fact that MSMEs has problems in quality human resources, limited access to productive resources, lack of accurate and current information, financial, and technological limitations. The purpose of this study is to find out how the strategy and the effectiveness of the cluster program of Bank Indonesia in East Kalimantan Province in supporting the productivity of MSMEs in LubukSawah Village, MugirejoSamarinda. The method which is used in this research is qualitative research. To get a variety of data in this study, the authors used interview, observation and documentation methods. This research uses the data analysis techniques which is sourced from Miles and Huberman. It consists of data collection, data reduction, data models, and conclusions or verification. The data validity checking uses the technique of source data triangulation. The results of this study are that the strategy which is used in the administration of the cluster program of Bank Indonesia in East Kalimantan Province on MSME productivity in LubukSawah Village, Mugirejo, Samarinda. The type of cluster is cattle cluster. This type provides training on animal husbandry, institutions, marketing and technology provision, integrated cattle pens, meeting rooms which are used by the Damarwulan Cattle Group. The Cluster Program of Bank Indonesia in East Kalimantan Province for the Damarwulan Cattle Group has been running and implemented effectively.It is proved from the increased knowledge or skills regarding the cattle breeding and institutions due to the training from Bank Indonesia in East Kalimantan Province. Moreover,the number of cow products sales and sales turnoveralso increasing. This improvement is the result of the training or marketing which had been provided. The government feels satisfied because the program of 2 million cattles ran smoothly, as evidenced by the increasing number of cattle, and increasing income and sales every year.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Cluster, Bank Indonesia, MSME
An Exploratory Study of Personification and Hyperbole in Selected Siswati Poetry
Authors: Thwala Jozi Joseph
Published: November 2019

This is an exploratory study of two selected figure of speech: personification and hyperbole. They are, however, selected as key rhetoric devices that depict the poetic language and style. They are central figures of speech that are significant in the poetic sentences and semantic content. This study is guided by Formalism approach based on poetic sounds, syntactic and semantic construction. They are used to achieve a special meaning or effect in all modes of discourse. They are integral to the functioning of language in a connotative manner. These figures of speech extend the meaning of words or phrases beyond the normal way as a result of mental association. Their functions are for the emphasis on ironic effect and animation. The formalist approach is adopted because it helps the readers to analyse the writer’s technical prowess and craft skills. It believes that in any work of art such as poetry, the poetic sometimes deliberately defamiliarizes the raw material and objects of familiar actions and words that he uses to build up his poem.
The Effect of Surgical Approach on Outcomes Following Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for Displaced Intracapsular Hip Fractures
Authors: Matharu Gulraj S. , Judge Andrew , Deere Kevin , Blom Ashley W. , Reed Mike R. , Whitehouse Michael R.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Studies have suggested that the anterolateral approach is preferable to the posterior approach when performing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for a displaced intracapsular hip fracture, because of a perceived reduced risk of reoperations and dislocations. However, this suggestion comes from small studies with short follow-up. We determined whether surgical approach in THAs performed for hip fracture affects revision-free hip survival, patient survival, and intraoperative complications.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed all stemmed primary THAs for hip fracture that were recorded in the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man that were performed between 2003 and 2015. The 2 surgical approach groups, posterior and anterolateral, were matched for patient and surgical confounding factors using propensity scores, with outcomes compared using regression modeling (with regression model ratios of <1 representing a reduced risk of the specified outcome in the posterior group). Outcomes were 5-year hip survival free from revision (all-cause revision, revision for dislocation and/or subluxation, and revision for periprosthetic fracture), patient survival (30 days, 1 year, and 5 years postoperatively), and intraoperative complications.

Results:

After matching, 14,536 THAs (7,268 per group) were studied. Five-year cumulative revision-free survival rates were similar (posterior group, 97.3%, and anterolateral group, 97.4%; subhazard ratio [SHR], 1.15 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.93 to 1.42]). Five-year survival rates free from revision for dislocation (SHR, 1.28 [95% CI, 0.89 to 1.84]) and for periprosthetic fracture (SHR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.68 to 1.56]) were also comparable between the 2 approach groups. Thirty-day patient survival was significantly higher following a posterior approach (99.5% compared with 98.8%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.44 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.64]), which persisted at 1 year (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.84]) and 5 years (HR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.81 to 0.94]) postoperatively. The posterior approach was associated with a lower risk of intraoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 0.59 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.78]).

Conclusions:

In THA for hip fracture, the posterior approach was associated with a similar risk of revision and a lower risk of both patient mortality and intraoperative complications compared with the anterolateral approach. We propose that the posterior approach is as safe as the anterolateral approach when performing THA for hip fracture and that either approach may be used according to surgeon preference.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Orthopaedic Manifestations of Alagille Syndrome
Authors: Hall Matthew , Borsinger Tracy , Nicholson Allen , Carter Cordelia W.
Published: November 2019

Case:

Case 1 is a 6-month-old female who presented for evaluation of asymptomatic vertebral anomalies in the setting of jaundice and cardiac murmur; she was diagnosed with Alagille syndrome (AGS). Her spine has been monitored clinically. Case 2 is a 10-year-old female who sustained a pathologic femur fracture in the setting of known AGS, requiring operative stabilization and optimization of her bone mineral density.

Conclusions:

Pediatric orthopaedists care for children with AGS both in management of congenital musculoskeletal anomalies and in treatment of pathologic fractures. Familiarity with the current AGS literature is necessary for provision of optimal multidisciplinary care.
Capacity and predictors to perform integrated leading, managing and governing practices for results among the health system workforce: cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ambelie Yeshambel Agumas , Alene Getu Degu , Gebrekiros Damen Hailemariam
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Observing over-led and under-managed, over-managed and under-governed, and even out of these health organizations remains a common phenomenon in low and middle-income countries. Objective: To determine the capacity and predictors to perform integrated leading, managing and governing practices for results among the health system workforce.Methods: A cross-sectional study, from December to January 2018, was carried out in northwest Ethiopia. Eight hundred thirteen health facility employees were selected to rate her/his respective staff’s capacity on performing integrated leading, managing and governing practices for results. The capacity with 95% CI was computed from 20 items loaded in a four-factor measurement model and leveled into four ordinal categories. Moreover, predictors of this capacity were identified by conducting ordinal logistic regression analysis.Results: From 813 participants, 396 (48.7%) and 582 (71.6%) were females and service owners respectively. The magnitude estimates for the low, moderate, high and very high capacity levels with 95% CI were 41.3% (37.8, 44.6); 42.7% (39.5, 46.0); 13.5% (11.2, 15.9) and 2.5% (1.5, 3.7), respectively. Sex (p = .031) and responsibility (p = .019) were identified as the main predictors.Conclusions: The capacity to perform integrated leading, managing and governing practices for results among the health system workforce in northwest Ethiopia is inadequate. Sex and responsibility are identified as the main statistically significant predictors. The policymakers, program planners and researchers need to take action giving due attention to females and service owners. Feature research could be conducted considering hierarchical variables, mixed design, and large sample size.
ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HIV POSITIVE ADULTS ATTENDING TREATMENT AT NEKEMTE REFERRAL HOSPITAL, WEST ETHIOPIA, 2019
Authors: Abadiga Muktar
Published: November 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Contraceptive utilization and associated factors among women in the extended post-partum period in wukro town, Tigray, Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study
Authors: Assefa Natnael Etsay , Berhe Yodit Zewdie , Werid Weldu Mammo , Mengesha Meresa Berewo , Tekola Kidanemariam Berhe , Abady Gdiom Gebreheat , Gebru Tesfay Tsegay , Berhe Lidya Zewdie , Weldemariam Mulu Gebretsadik
Published: November 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Association Between a Functional Polymorphism in the MAOA Gene and Both Emotional Coping Style and Neuroticism
Authors: Lopez-Leon Sandra , Forero Diego A. , Adan Ana
Published: November 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Creating Successful Elder-Friendly Spaces: A Conceptual Framework for Urban Public Spaces
Authors: Lak Azadeh , Aghamolaei Reihaneh , Baradaran Hamid R , Myint Phyo K
Published: November 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Functional study of early intervention for degenerative retinopathy through hydrogel sustained release system of rhEPO
Authors: Zhang Zhimeng , Dai Hehua , Li Ruyi , Li Yuyu , Li Genlin
Published: November 2019

Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of blindness in retinal disease. Long-lasting ocular administration is an effective therapy to delay the progression of RP. And hydrogel sustained release system may be an available and stable drug carrier in the treatment of RP.Method Hydrogel sustained release system was constructed as a drug carrier of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). We administered retinal degenerative (rd) mice (Pdeb rd1 / Pdeb rd1 ) via subconjunctival or retrobulbar injection at postnatal 2 weeks (PN-2w), examined the mice and tested the factors of retina at two weeks after injection. Electroretinogram (ERG) was used to examine retinal function at PN-4w, western blot and q-PCR were used to test the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, iNOS and VEGFa of retina.Result Photoreceptor apoptosis were alleviated in all rhEPO administrated groups. The retinal blood supply was improved in injection groups. Compared with placebo and blank control groups, rhEPO treatment could enhance the retinal function and delay the progression of disease. Although there was no significant difference between rhEPO hydrogel and rhEPO treated group, photoreceptor apoptosis in rhEPO hydrogel group was less than that in rhEPO group, and the retinal function was better in rhEPO hydrogel group. Moreover, different routes of administration might have little effect on treatment in this research.Conclusion Early intervention can effectively control the progression of the disease. Anti-apoptosis,neuroprotection and erythropoietin of rhEPO could be useful in the treatment of RP. Hydrogel as a long-lasting drug sustained release system was stable and available, and might become a potential drug carrier in the future.
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in retrobulbar ultrasound as a surrogate measure for intracranial pressure before and after non-invasive strategies.
Authors: diab aldo saad , Martínez Benailim , Gámez Albana , Bucott Yvan
Published: November 2019

Background : Raised intracranial pressure is a complication that leads to adverse outcomes. In the critically ill, invasive measurement by an intraventricular catheter is the gold standard; its use in non-specialized centers is limited, besides neuroimaging by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans entail transfer of a critically ill patient out of the ICU. Dilatation of the optic nerve sheath has been shown to be a much earlier manifestation of ICP rise. The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is fairly easy to visualize by ultrasonography by insonation across the orbitMethods: 90 patients, divided into three groups. Group M received mannitol 20% 0.5gr kg -1 , Group H received NaCl 7.5% 1.5 ml kg -1 and Group P patients were positioned on reverse Trendelenburg position 30 degrees. ONSD was measured 3 mm behind the optic disc. The measurements T1 before and T2 after the strategies according to group 30min, T3 at 60min, and T4 at 90minResults: Similar trend between invasive monitoring and ONSD measurement was observed. Invasive measurement the intracranial pressure was 40.2 at T1, there was a sustained and significant decrease in the three groups at 30, 60 and 90 minutes. ONSD measured at baseline, average was 7.0mm in group M, 7.1 in group H and 6.7 in group P, and subsequently it was significantly reduced at 30, 60 (p=0.002) and 90 minutes (p=0.003).Conclusion: ONSD in retrobulbar ultrasound is a reliable method to detect intracranial pressure variations before and after non-invasive strategies to reduce it acutely Keywords: intracranial hypertension, intracranial pressure, optic nerve sheath diameter, osmotherapy, Reverse Trendelenburg position. Trial registration: Clinical Trials; NCT03634176 ; registered August 16, 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03634176 .
The Disruptive bEhavior manageMEnt ANd prevention in hospitalized patients using a behaviORal intervention team (DEMEANOR) study protocol: a pragmatic, cluster, crossover trial
Authors: Morrison Jay , Hasselblad Michele , Kleinpell Ruth , Buie Reagan , Ariosto Deborah , Hardiman Erin , Osborn Stephen W , Lindsell Christopher J
Published: November 2019

Background Disruptive behavior in hospitalized patients has become a priority area of safety concern for clinical staff, as well as having consequences for patient management and hospital course. Proactive screening and intervention of patients with behavioral co-morbidities has been reported to reduce disruptive behavior in some settings, but has not been studied in a rigorous way.Methods The D isruptive b E havior manage ME nt AN d prevention in hospitalized patients using a behavi OR al intervention team (DEMEANOR) study is a pragmatic, cluster, cross-over trial being conducted. Each month, the behavioral intervention team, comprised of a psychiatric-mental health advanced practice nurse and a clinical social worker, with psychiatrist consultation as needed, rotates between an adult medicine unit and a mixed cardiac unit at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, TN. The team proactively screens patients upon admission utilizing a protocol which includes a comprehensive chart review, and if indicated, a brief interview, seeking to identify those patients who possess risk factors indicative of either a potential psychological barrier to their own clinical progress or a potential risk for exhibiting disruptive, aggressive or self-injurious behavior during their hospitalization. Once identified, the team provides interventions aimed at mitigating these risks, educates and supports the patient care teams (nurses, physicians and others), and assists non-psychiatric staff in the management of patients who require behavioral health care. Patients who are both admitted to and discharged from either unit are included in the study. Anticipated enrollment is approximately 1790 patients. The two primary outcomes are i) a composite of objective measures related to the patients’ disruptive, threatening or acting out behaviors, and ii) staff self-reported comfort with and confidence in their ability to manage patients exhibiting disruptive, threatening or acting out behavior. Secondary outcomes include patient length of stay, patient attendant (sitter) use, and the unit nursing staff retention.Discussion This ongoing trial will provide evidence on the real-world effectiveness of a proactive behavioral intervention to prevent disruptive, threatening or acting out events in adult hospitalized patients.