bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Signature Images with Edge Detection Canny
Authors:   Nursing Science Study Program, STIKes Ranah Minang Padang, Indonesia, D. Tasri Yanti
Published: January 2023

In authenticating and verifying important documents, one of them is in the form of identifying the authenticity of a signature. In addition, the signature is also a form of ratification and a sign of approval in important documents is mandatory. Along with current technological developments, the signing process can be carried out in digital media such as cellphones and other media. The ability of the system to identify a person's signature becomes important because of the many forgeries that occur. This study aims to implement the Canny edge detection method to identify a person's signature. The number of signature images used is 10 signatures. The results of this study indicate that the Canny edge detection method has a similarity percentage of 70% to 100%, and the similarity values below 70% and above 100% are grouped into signature images that are not original.
Human Relations in Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice
Authors: Alquraidhy Khalil
Published: January 2023

This research study aims to highlight and discuss Human Relations in Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice, in which she has selected the basic unit of human relationship, the family. In the family there are several forms of relationships among them the most fundamental relationship is in terms of love and marriage which form the basic theme of the novel Pride and Prejudice along with the theme of human relations.
            By a close reading of the novel, the present study will analyse and discuss parents and children's relations, friends' relations, and other minor relations. To discuss parents and children's relations the focus will be on the relationship between Mr. Bennet, the father and Elizabeth, the daughter. From a vantage point of view, the daughter reviews the relationship between her father and mother as husband and wife in terms of their love and marriage.  She finds it damaging to the family and rejects it.  Steering clear of them she treads over her own path. In other words, she doesn't accept her parents as role–models.
What is true, socially, and artistically, about the relationship between parents and daughters also holds true about the relationship between the friends, and it has also been discussed and analyzed in this research study. Charlotte Lucas has a realist's idea of marriage. Elizabeth has an idealist's idea of marriage. It is suggested that the ideal becomes perfect only when it accommodates the real.
            There are a few other minor relations developed around the characters of Wickham and the Gardiners. They play an active role in further clarifying and reinforcing Elizabeth's vision of a marriage with affection.
EFFECT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES ON HEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM CHEMISTRY ATTRIBUTES OF APPARENTLY HEALTHY RABBIT DOES
Authors: Farooq U , Ur-Rehman ZIa , Sharif M , Lashari M.H. , Idris M , Hussain M , Tasleem M.W.
Published: January 2023

The study was designed to assess the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on various hematological and serum chemistry attributes (liver and kidney function test enzymes) of apparently healthy rabbit does (n=24), either positive or negative. The animals were divided in four groups namely A, B, C and D (n=6 rabbits/group). First group was considered as control group provided with basal diet and water without any supplementation. Group A, B and C were considered as treatment groups which were provided with basal diet, water and supplementation of M. oleifera crude leaf aqueous extract at the dose rates of 150mg/kg, 300mg/kg, and 450 mg/kg, respectively. On day 10, 20, 30 and 40, blood samples were collected from all animals. The blood samples (n=96) were analyzed through hematology analyzer and semi-automatic chemistry analyzer. Results regarding hematological attributes revealed that the Mitotic Index was significantly (P≤0.05) higher in control group whereas Red Cell Distribution Width Count was significantly (P≤0.05) higher in Group C as compared to their counterpart groups. Similarly, Total Erythrocytic Count was significantly (P≤0.05) higher in Group B. The creatinine, urea and blood urea nitrogen differed significantly (P≤0.05) while Uric acid showed non-significant (P≥0.05) difference between the groups. It is concluded that varying doses of Moringa do not exert any untoward effect on hematochemical attributes of rabbits and hence their health. Rather, positive effects were noticed at dose rate of 150mg/kg.
Key Words: M. oleifera; Hematology; Liver Function Test; Kidney Function Test
EFFECTS OF SOIL SALT CONCENTRATION ON nirS AND nosZ GENES DIVERSITY OF PADDY SOIL DENITRIFYING BACTERIA
Authors: Ding Y , He J , Wu Q , Li D , Liu G , Liao J , Ma Y , Zhou H
Published: January 2023

To further study saline-alkali soil cultivation, the terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to analyze the effects of different salt concentrations on the denitrification functional genes nirS and nosZ after collecting different soil samples and extracting total soil DNA. The results showed that the variation range of nirS gene abundance was concentrated in 14 segments, the nosZ gene abundance was concentrated in 9 segments. The abundance of nirS gene in paddy soil of different concentrations was higher than nosZ, and the activity of the nirS gene was higher. Diversity index analysis showed that sample Ⅰ was significantly different from Ⅲ and Ⅴ in the Shannon index of the nirS. Sample Ⅰ and Ⅳ were significantly different from Ⅲ in Simpson index. Except for the significant difference between Ⅲ and Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ, there was no difference between the other four samples significant in Pielou index. The difference between sampl Ⅰ and Ⅴ was extremely significant in Brillouin index. The Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou index of nosZ gene were not significantly different, sample Ⅱ and Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ were significantly different in Brillouin index. The diversity of nirS gene was more affected by the salt concentration, and the nirS gene was more widely distributed than nosZ in soil with different salt concentrations. It indicated that nirS -mediated nitrite reductase played an important role in salinity affected soil environment.
Keywords: Denitrifying bacteria, Functional denitrification gene, Salt concentration, Diversity, Soil
A STUDY ON MORPHOMETRIC, HAEMATOLOGICAL, AND FEEDING ANALYSIS OF BAYA WEAVER (PLOCEUS PHILIPPINUS) FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Zafar W , Aslam M.W. , Waheed A , Umer A , Ali N , Khan T , Tahir R , Zafar A , Sharif M.S. , Ahmed M , Wajid M , Khan M.S.
Published: January 2023

Baya weaver is found in floodplains of Pakistan and is famous for building retort shaped hanging nests. For this study, 24 samples of baya weaver (twelve from both sexes) were collected from the wild habitat to analyze morphometry, haematology, and gut contents. Morphometric parameters e.g., body weight was measured with the help of a weight balance while body weight, body length, tail length, wingspan, wing length, longest primary feather, tarsus, central toe length, head length with and without bill, bill length, and chest circumference were measured with measuring tape. Feeding analysis was carried out through a study of complete gastrointestinal tracts (GITs). For that purpose, birds were anaesthetized with a combination of ketamine HCL (10 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.2 mg/kg). GITs were removed through dissection and kept in 10% formalin and analyzed in an ornithological lab with the help of dissecting microscopes. About 5 μL blood was taken from the wing vein and stored in the EDTA tube for haematological analysis. The body length (male 18.43±0.58cm, 15.93±0.26cm) and chest circumference (male 12.53±0.05 cm, female 12.00±0.22 cm) of both sexes were significantly different between male and female baya weavers. Both sexes mostly feed on wheat and rice. However, pin red grass (Saccharum munja), beetles, moths, sunflower seeds, and plant materials were also recorded in the study. Haematological parameters were recorded for the first time for baya weaver in this study. This study concludes that male baya weaver has a longer body length and chest circumference as compared to female baya weaver. The preferred food of male baya weaver was beetles, while female’s preferred food was rice.
Keywords: Baya weaver, Haematology, Feeding, Morphometric parameters
PHYSIO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF JUJUBE (ZIZIPHUS MAURITIANA L.) GENOTYPES AT THREE RIPENING STAGES GROWN UNDER CHOLISTAN DESERT, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan U.A. , Qadri R , Akram M.T. , Khan M.A. , Nisar N , Azam M , Khan M.M. , Khan M.M. , Hussain K
Published: January 2023

Jujube belongs to the family “Rhamnaceae” is an evergreen plant having 170 species. It is a highly nutritious fruit crop riched in phenolic, antioxidant, and flavonoids. However, in Pakistan, it is considered a neglected crop with very little work performed and is growing in the Cholistan desert of Pakistan without any evaluation. This paper describes the physical and biochemical attributes of eight jujube genotypes (Anokee, Ajoba, Bahawalpur selection, Dilbahar, Dehli white, Karela, Mahmood wali and Gola) with its three stages (Unripe, Semi ripe and Fully ripe) growing in Cholistan dry and hot climatic conditions. The results revealed that these genotypes have significant variations in fruit traits such as fruit length, fruit width, and fruit weight during the ripening stages and the maximum increase in these parameters were observed at the fully ripe stage of jujube. Similarly, in biochemical analysis, TSS, total sugars, reducing and non-reducing sugars were increased with maturity and were highest at the fully ripe stage. Whereas, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid contents were decreased with maturity and were least at the final stage. However, total phenolic and flavonoids were highest at the semi-ripe stage. In physical evaluation, the genotypes “Gola”, “Mehmood wali” and “Dehli white performed better in the climatic conditions of Cholistan, Bahawalpur. While the genotypes “Dilbahar”, “Anokee”, “Karela” and “Bahawalpur selection” were enriched with phenolic and flavonoid contents.
Key words: genotypes, biochemical, attributes, ripening stages.
RURAL WOMEN'S ATTITUDE AND INVOLVEMENT IN POST-HARVEST PROCESSING OF VEGETABLES
Authors: Kabir M.H. , Afroz S , Alam M.M. , Rahman M.S.
Published: January 2023

Traditionally women are mostly engaged in household-based income generating activities. Post-harvest processing of vegetables has recently gained much attention due to its value addition utilities. Therefore, in this study, we tried to understand women farmers’ attitudes towards and involvement in, post-harvest processing of vegetables. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested questionnaire from 212 respondents in Dhaka district of Bangladesh. The data were interpreted with descriptive statistics, multivariate regression analysis and a logit model. About 71% of rural women had a favorable attitude towards post-harvest processing; 43% were involved in the post-harvest processing of vegetables. Women's attitude towards post-harvest processing of vegetables was influenced by age, education, household size, and their frequency of traveling outside of their social system. Their involvement in post-harvest processing of vegetables was affected by education, group membership, media contact and time spent in home management. ‘Gender disparity in earnings’ was the most severe barrier to expanding women's involvement in vegetable processing, followed by ‘lack of land ownership status’, ‘spouse dominance’ and ‘social norms and tradition’. Motivating women in income-generating activities and introducing advanced yet low-cost and less-labour-intensive technologies would enable them to participate in the post-harvest processing of vegetables.
Keywords: agriculture, attitude, constraints, gender, logit model
AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF TUNISIAN SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) ACCESSIONS USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
Authors: Hosni T , Chennoui Korda H , Medimagh S , Omri Ben Youseff N , Abbes Z , Ben Salah H , Kharrat M
Published: January 2023

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is considered as one of the most important oilseed crops in the world.‎ In Tunisia, sunflower is cultivated in the Northern region of the country using local populations which are genetically not well studied. This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variation of 33 accessions (26 local and 7 introduced) using 23 agro-morphological traits and 15 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. The variance analysis of the agro-morphological traits showed a significant variation among sunflower accessions. The relationship among the sunflower accessions was also performed by using the principal component analysis; the two first axes explained 54.4% of the total variability and showed that the accessions spread into five groups. The groups (G3 and G4) could be used to improve sunflower varieties with high performance especially for the diameter of the head and the weight of 1000 seeds characters. Ten among the 15 SSR primers used revealed clear polymorphic bands and were able to amplify 29 alleles with an average of 2.9 alleles per locus. The percentage of total polymorphism, the polymorphism information content (PIC) and the dissimilarity coefficient values varied from 50 to 100% with an average of 91%, from 0.35 to 0.75 with an average of 0.50, and from 0.00 to 0.81 with an average of 0.41, respectively. Cluster analysis of the SSR markers grouped accessions into 3 distinct groups. A significant correlation was observed among SSR markers and morphological traits. These results found in this study may be helpful for improvement of sunflower breeding programs.
Keywords: Helianthus annuus; genetic diversity; microsatellite; morphological characterisation; cluster analysis.
CRYOPRESERVATION OF MENTHA PIPERITA L. GERMPLASM AND CONFIRMATION OF GENETIC STABILITY AFTER CRYO-STORAGE
Authors: Ogur E , Adanacioglu N , Galatali G , Ceylan M , Kaya E
Published: January 2023

Peppermint is an important aromatic-medicinal plant species and it has valuable essential oil contents such as menthol, linalool and limonene. The main purpose of the current study was to optimize a protocol for cryopreservation of M. piperita local cultivars (G-74, Candarli and Gomec). The secondary aim was to investigate the genetic stability after cryopreservation using ISSR marker system. Three different single step freezing techniques were compared for long-term preservation of these local cultivars and the optimum regeneration percentages were acquired by using the droplet vitrification technique. The PVS2 treatments of this technique showed succesful long-term preservation of M. piperita cultivars with regeneration percentages of 72% to Candarli cultivar (60 min PVS2), 52% to Gomec cultivar (75 min PVS2) and 62.5% to G-74 cultivar (30 min PVS2) respectively. The ISSR PCR results showed that the genetic stability from cryopreserved M. piperita cultivars were high. While genetic stability percentage was ~99% for the Candarli cultivar, for the Gomec and G-74 cultivars the genetic fidelity was100%. The shoots that come from the cryopreserved shoot tips showed normal and health rooting, and all of them were also easily adapted to greenhouse conditions.
Key words: DMSO, encapsulation, ISSR-PCR, PVS2, vitrification
IN VIVO PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF MAURITIANIN
Authors: Manov V , Kondeva Burdina M , Popov G , Shkondrov A , Stambolov I , Krasteva I
Published: January 2023

Mauritianin is a rare flavonoid isolated from the overground parts of Astragalus monspessulanus subsp. monspessulanus. The aim was to investigate mauritianin in vivo for possible hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and neuroprotective activity in a model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Thirty six Wistar rats were used and allocated to six experimental groups, treated orally: non-treated (control); treated with mauritianin alone (10 mg/kg); treated with silymarin alone (100 mg/kg); CCl4-treated; pre-treated with mauritianin for 7 days, then given CCl4 and subjected to curative treatment with mauritianin (10 mg/kg) for another 14 days; and treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg, 7 days), given CCl4, then for the next 14 days treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg). The reduced glutathione level (GSH), malonedialdehyde production (MDA), and the activity of ethylmorphine-N-demethylase (EMND) were measured in liver homogenate. A histopathological examination was performed on the livers, brains and kidneys of all animals. Administered alone, mauritianin had no toxicity. Both biochemical and pathoanatomical findings were similar to those in the silymarin-treated group. CCl4 caused severe organ damage – increased MDA production, decreased GSH and EMND levels, lipid accumulations in the liver, pericellular oedemas in the brain and interstitial haemorrhages, accompanied by necrotic changes in the kidneys. In animals pre-treated with mauritianin, exposed to CCl4 and treated 14 days more, minimal biochemical and pathological changes were found, compared to the latter group. A well-preserved histoarchitectonic was found, commensurable to observation of the organs of silymarin and CCl4 treated rats.
Key words: in vivo study; rats; mauritianin; hepatoprotective; neuroprotective; nephroprotective
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF SHIITAKE MUSHROOM (LENTINUS EDODES) ON SPERM PARAMETERS AND TESTICULAR TISSUE IN RATS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Buyuk B , Demir N , Eroglu H.A. , Oztupuz A
Published: January 2023

Lentinus edodes has been cultivated and used as food and medicine in far eastern countries.The present study aimed to reveal whether L.edodes that is used for different purposes has a toxic effect on the male genital system and to investigate its relationship with male infertility by showing its effects on sperm parameters. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups as Control (C), Low-dose (LD) and High-dose (HD). Rats in Control were administered saline physiological once a day for 7 days. The LD and HD groups received 100 and 400mg/kg of L.edodes extract, respectively, once daily for 7 days. At the end of 7 days of administration of treatments, semen analysis, micronucleus analysis, gene expression levels and testicular Johnsen scoring was performed. Comparisons between groups without normal distribution were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis and those between groups with normal distribution were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s test. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. It is demonstrated that both low and high doses of extract significantly reduced spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules found in the testicles of rats. In addition, high-dose administration resulted in decreased total sperm counts, whereas the progressive and non-progressive sperm motility counts were significantly decreased in both experimental groups. The gene expression levels of Casp-3 and TNF-α were increased in both the LD and HD groups compared with that in the C. Oral administration of low and high doses of L.edodes led to reduced spermatogenesis in the testicles, tissue damage to the testicle and decreased motile and total sperm counts.
Keywords: Infertility, Lentinus edodes, Male Rat, Shiitake mushrooms, Testis
NAUSINOE GEOMETRALIS (GUENEE, 1854) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) A NEW PEST ASSOCIATED WITH JASMINE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Bodlah M.A. , Bodlah I , Niaz Y , Rasheed M.T. , Nawaz M , Ali H , Ali S , Ikram K , Mudassir M.A. , Gull e Fareen A
Published: January 2023

Jasmine belongs to the family Oleaceae and declared as a national flower of Pakistan. A number of insect pests like Hendecasis duplifascialus (Jasmine budworm), Contarinia maculipennis (Blossom midge), Elasmopalpus jasminophagus (Gallery worm), Glyphodes unionalis (Leaf roller), Tetranychus urticae (Two spotted mite) and Nausinoe geometralis (Leaf webworm) have been recorded for infesting Jasmine plantation from various parts of the world. Furthermore Nausinoe geometralis (Guenee, 1854) is considered as a major pest of this important plant. In present study we recorded this pest along with its distribution for the first time from Pakistan. Brief description supported with microphotographs is provided here. Larval incidence was also observed during the year 2018-19.
Keywords: Leaf webworm, New record, Jasmine, Punjab
EVALUATION OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND DNA PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BOLANTHUS ORTEGIOIDES (FISCH. and C.A. MEY.) MADHANI and RABELER
Authors: Sonmez G.D.
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential of the flora of Turkey by investigating the phytochemical properties of the endemic plant species Bolanthus ortegioides of the family Caryophyllaceae. The identity of the plant was validated through a phylogenetic approach with DNA barcoding using the internal transcribed spacer [ITS] region. Methanolic extract of B. ortegioides was examined by HPLC, and the total phenolic content was measured. In addition, pBluescript II SK(+) plasmid DNA cleavage was induced by ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the activity of the methanolic extract of B. ortegioides against oxidative DNA damage was examined. The total phenolic content of the extract was 5.6 ± 0.25 µg (gallic acid equivalent [GAE])/mg. Of 15 phenolic compounds analysed by HPLC, vanillic acid was found to be a major compound. Chlorogenic, caffeic, epicatechin, p-coumaric, ferulic, rutin and chicoric acids were also detected. The results showed that B. ortegioides methanolic extract offered moderate protection against DNA damage.
Keywords: Phenolic content, methanolic extract, DNA cleavage, Caryophyllaceae, phytochemistry
FIRST REPORT OF SHEEP BOTFLY OESTRUS OVIS (LINNAEUS) (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) FROM THE NASAL SINUS OF SLAUGHTERED GOAT IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN
Authors: Abd Al Galil F.M.
Published: January 2023

Many dipteran larvae are myiasis causing agents. These larvae can invade human and animal tissue. Nasal myiasis is caused by the larvae of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae). Livestock raising is a tradition passed through generations and is practiced by the rural people in Yemen, especially in villages for economic earnings by selling them or slaughtering them as a source of meat. In a village Al-Khanf, Aridat Shari at Same'a District, Taiz Governorate, goats, sheep, and cows were sacrificed on Eid Al-Adha in 2021. About 50 larvae were recovered from the nasal canals of four sacrificed goats, 10 of which were placed in containers containing 50 ml of surgical alcohol 70% and brought to the laboratory. The larvae were dissected under a microscope. Following the identification keys, the posterior spiracles were mounted under the light microscope. The larvae were identified as sheep botfly O. ovis larvae. This is the first report of existence of O. ovis in Yemen, since no previously reported evidence of this fly in Yemen.
Keywords: Nasal myiasis, Oestrus ovis, Sheep Botfly, Oestridae, Taiz City, Yemen
KAJIAN MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Modifa Ira , Harahap Ade Kurnia
Published: January 2023

Abstrak

Sampah secara umum didefenisikan sebagai sisa kegiatan manusia sehari hari dan/ atau proses alam yang berbentuk padat maupun cairan. Sampah merupakan tempat kehidupan berbagai mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit dan juga sebagai media pemindah dan penyebar penyakit (vektor).  Karenanya, sampah harus dikelola dengan baik agar tidak mengganggu atau mengancam kesehatan lingkungan dan masyarakat.  Pengelolaan sampah seharusnya meliputi pengumpulan, pengangkutan sampai dengan pemusnahan atau pengolahan sampah sedemikian rupa sehingga sampah tidak lagi mengganggu kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan hidup. Pengelolaan sampah di Kota Pematangsiantar juga masih bertumpu pada pendekatan akhir (end-of-pipe ), dimana sampah dikumpulkan, diangkut dan dibuang ke tempat pemrosesan akhir sampah (TPA). Kondisi TPA tanjung pinggir saat ini sudah dapat dikatakan memprihatinkan dan buruk secara lingkungan. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan mempelajari faktor – faktor penyebab dan pendukung tata kelola sampah di kota Pematangsiantar kepada subjek atau pelaku langsung dari pengelolaan sampah Pematangsiantar. Pengelolaan sampah terintegrasi dapat menstimulasi kreativitas dan inovasi dari masyarakat sehingga meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan warga.  Ditemukan potensi – potensi dan cara – cara inovatif lainnya untuk mendorong tata kelola sampah yang lebih baik dimasa yang akan datang sehingga Pematangsiantar bisa mencapai salah satu kota dengan predikat Zero Waste City.
EVALUASI TEBAL PERKERASAN KAKU (RIGID PAVEMENT) PADA JALAN TOL TEBING TINGGI – SERBELAWAN BERDASARKAN METODE BINA MARGA 2017 DAN PCA
Authors: Saragih Deardo Samuel , Modifa Ira , Rinaldi Arif
Published: January 2023

Jalan Tol Tebing Tinggi - Serbelawan merupakan bagian dari sistem transportasi sebagai pelayanan sarana infrastruktur bagi dampak pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Guna memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut perencanaan perkerasan baru diperlukan untuk melayani kebutuhan lalu lintas di masa yang akan datang. Perkerasan kaku adalah suatu susunan konstruksi perkerasan dimana sebagai lapisan atas dipergunakan pelat beton, yang terletak di atas pondasi atau langsung diatas tanah dasar (Bina Marga). Konsep dari perencanaan perkerasan kaku (beton semen) cara Bina Marga direncanakan terhadap konfigurasi beban sumbu yang mengakibatkan tegangan terbesar pada pelat. Demikian pula dalam metode Portlan Cement Assosiation, perhitungan didapat hampir sama dengan metode Bina marga, akan tetapi dalam menentukan lintas harian rencana kendaraan hanya menghitung beban sumbu truk saja. Perencanaan Tebal Pelat beton perkerasan jalan dengan menggunakan metode Bina Marga, dan Portland Cement Assosiation terdapat perbedaan, Hal ini akibat dari perhitungan masing-masing metode.
KAJIAN KEGIATAN P3-TGAI DALAM MANAJEMEN PROYEK DI KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH
Authors: Modifa Ira , Pasaribu Ikwandi Johansen
Published: January 2023

Skripsi ini adalah tentang Sistem Manajemen yang dilaksanakan masyarakat petani dalam mengerjakan suatu kegiatan fisik berupa bangunan saluran irigasi yang bersumber dari dana APBN yang dikerjakan secara swakelola yakni kegiatan P3-TGAI (Program Percepatan Peningkatan Tata Guna Air Irigasi).

Penulis berharap agar penelitian ini dapat memberi pemahaman terhadap pembaca khususnya tentang Sistem Manajemen yang dilaksanakan dalam kegiatan P3-TGAI di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, khususnya bagi penerima kegiatan yang sama di Indonesia. Penulis juga berharap agar penelitian ini dapat berguna sebagai referensi untuk pembaca kedepannya.
PERBANDINGAN KELAYAKAN PERKERASAN KAKU DENGANPERKERASAN LENTUR DITINJAU DARI METODE PELAKSANAAN DAN BIAYA TERHADAP HARGA SATUAN PADA PAKET APBN SUMATERA UTARA (Studi Kasus Jalan Nasional Tebing -Tinggi Kisaran-Rantau Prapat)
Authors: Nizar H. Asril , Sinaga Justin M.
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini membandingkan Paket- Paket tahun seblumnya dengan umur rencana yang sudah direncanakan, serta akan membandingkan dari segi biaya antara paket yang sedang berjalan saat ini di Ruas Jalan Nasional Tebing Tinggi – Kisaran – Rantau Prapat. Pada kegiatan ini metode penelitian dibagi menjadi 4 tahap, yaitu tahap pertama adalah studi literatur dan survey awal, tahap kedua pengumpulan data skunder sebagai pendukung penelitian,tahap ketiga melakukan analisa pembahasan dari setiap pekerjaan dan tahap ke empat adalah kesimpulan dansaran dari hasil pembahasan. Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan perbedaan dari segi metodepelaksanaan antara pekerjaan perkerasan lentur dan pekerjaan perkerasan kaku terdapat pada pengerjaan pemadatan, pada perkerasan lentur pemadatan dilakukan dengan 3  tahap (pemadatan awal, pemadatan antara dan pemadatan akhir), sedangkan pada perkerasan kaku pemadatan dilakukan dengan 1 tahap (dengan alat getarvibrator). Untuk pengerjaan perkerasan lentur tidak memakai bekisting, sedangkan perkerasan kaku memerlukanbekisting. Pada perkerasan lentur tidak memerlukan umur tunggu konstruksi, sedangkan pada perkerasan kakumemerlukan umur tunggu konstruksi (umur beton ± 28 hari).
KAJIAN KERUSAKAN PADA PENANGANAN RUAS JALAN (STUDI KASUS DI JALAN PARAPAT KM. 4,5 PEMATAGSIANTAR, SUMATERA UTARA)
Authors: Sianturi Novdin M. , Purba Virgo Erlando , Rufius Sampe
Published: January 2023

Karena meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan setiap tahun, mengakibatkan umur jalan pun akan semakin berkurang dan akan semakin diperlukan konstruksi jalan yang kuat, aman, nyaman dan bermanfaat bagi kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat, dimana salah satunya yaitu kualitas konstruksi jalan harus selalu ditingkatkan. Maka Program Pemeliharaan jalan pun harus dilakukan pada setiap  ruas  jalan secara  rutin  dan  terpadu mulai dari  perencanaan perkerasan jalan, pelaksanaan pembangunan jalan, pengawasan pelaksanaan pembangunan jalan, pengawasan masa layan, sampai dengan pemeliharaan perbaikan jalan sesudah selesai umur manfaat jalan. Kondisi jalan dapat digolongkan menjadi dua yaitu: kondisi fungsional ( kondisi jalan sesuai fungsinya ) dan kondisi struktural ( kondisi konstruksi tiap lapisan perkerasan jalan + kondisi konstruksi total lapisan perkerasan jalan ). Pada saat ini baik evaluasi kondisi fungsional maupun kondisi struktural pada tingkat ruas jalan maupun jaringan jalan belum dilakukan secara konsisten dan terpadu. Hal ini berdampak pada tidak optimalnya program pemeliharaan jalan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti Mengkaji kerusakan jalan dengan metode Rigid Pavement, menghitung Data LHR dan Perkerasan jalan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menghasilkan evaluasi pemeliharaan jalan yang bagus, sistemik, dan terpadu dan dapat digunakan oleh stakeholder jalan di Indonesia.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN PERHITUNGAN RAB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SNI DAN BOW PADA REHABILITASI TOTAL PUSKESMAS SIGOMPUL
Authors: Ira Modifa  , Pardosi Melki
Published: January 2023

Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) Proyek mempunyai fungsi dan manfaat lebih lanjut dalam hal mengendalikan sumber daya material, tenaga kerja, peralatan dan waktu pelaksanaan proyek sehingga pelaksanaan kegiatan  proyek yang dilakukan akan mempunyai nilai efisiensi dan efektivitas. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas kegiatan suatu proyek diperlukan suatu sarana dasar perhitungan harga satuan terhadap volume suatu pekerjaan yang dalam hal ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisa SNI dan BOW. Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan metode Analisa pehitungan apa yang paling efektif dari sisi Analisa biaya yaitu antara Analisa metode BOW atau Analisa SNI. Faktor – faktor yang menjadi objek penelitian bersifat kontekstual dan tidak dapat dijadikan acuan pada seluruh proyek konstruksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder yaitu dengan cara observasi langsung dan data sekunder diperoleh dari tinjauan pustaka dan dokumentasi yang dipakukan dalam proses pelaksanaan proyek Rehab Total Puskesmas Sigompul Kec. Lintongnihuta yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan perbandingan metode analisa BOW dan SNI. Hasil perhitungan masing-masing analisa rencana anggaran biaya yang ada didapat perbandingan rencana anggaran biaya antara metode BOW dan SNI. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa metode analisa anggaran biaya yang paling ekonomis digunakan ada Metode SNI karena dari hasil perhitungan dengan diperoleh hasil metode BOW sebesar Rp. 2.016.531.169,46 dan metode SNI sebesar Rp. 1.777.267.370,58
Placental exosomal level of alanine aminotransferase is more accurate predictive biomarker of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy than total bile acid
Authors: Ravichandran Sahaya , Karunanithi Rupa
Published: January 2023

Aims: As a serious liver abnormality, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) uniquely occurs in pregnant women. In the present study, we examined whether placental exosomes and their protein contents could serve as novel indicators to help early diagnosis of ICP.

Methods: The current retrospective stratified study design included a 100 healthy pregnant females and a 100 patients with ICP. Plancental exosomes were isolated to determine the exosomal levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bile acid (TBA). The predictive values of placental exosomal TBA and ALT were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: The placental exosomal TBA level did not exhibit any obvious differences between healthy and ICP pregnancies. Moreover, placental exosomal ALT level was significantly higher in ICP-affected pregnancy than healthy control. Analysis of the ROC curve further demonstrated that placental exosomal level of ALT yields better sensitivity and specificity to distinguish ICP patients from healthy individuals, than that of TBA.

Conclusions: Placental exosomal ALT is a more accurate predictive biomarker of ICP than TBA and, therefore, can be employed with reliability as a characteristic abnormality in diagnosis of ICP.
تنمية وسائل الملصق الفكاهي في ترقية مهارة القرائة العربية
Authors: Hudatullah Ruwaida
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
This research aims to develop correct and effective humorous poster methods on Arabic materials. The method used in this research is research and development with reference to the Borg and Gall development model with seven stages, viz., Research and data collection, planning, product development, expert validation testing, product review, product trial, and final product review. Based on the research results, it showed that the Arabic comic poster product is suitable for use in learning. In the results of the media experts' validation, it is known that the comic poster product is rated "good" with a score of 62 and the subject matter experts got a "good" category with a score of 63. The results of the students' response to the very Arabic humorous poster is 91%, then the students' response is rated very good.
Then based on the student learning outcome data, the mean value of the learning outcomes on the pretest shows 49.25 <the post-test 72.75. The results of the correlation test show that the relationship between two large variables 0.010 with significant significance 0.976. This indicates that the relationship between the pre-test and post-test averages is strong and substantial. So that we can conclude that developing humorous poster methods is effective in promoting students' Arabic reading skills.
Keyword: development of comic poster medium, skill of reading.
فعالية طريقة المباشرة باستخدام لعبة الكرة الأسئلة لترقية مهارة الكلام
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
As for the research method, which uses quantitative and experimental methods. The research design used is a quasi-experimental design (Quasi Eksperimental Design.). This study aims to find out: Is the direct method of using the question ball game an effective way to upgrade the speech skill of the seventh grade students of the Islamic middle school Nahdhat Al-Watan Krelico academic year 2019/2020.
Based on the results of the independent test of the sample t above, we obtain the computational value t = 3,743 with significance level (p) 0.05 = 2.021. Based on the above computation, the computation of t is greater than table t, i.e. (3,743> 2.021) therefore, Ha is acceptable and Ho returns. This means that the direct method of using the question ball game is effective for improving speech skills among students of the seventh grade of the Islamic Middle School Nahdhat Al-Watan Kryliku for the academic year 2019/2020.
 Keywords: Direct Method, Ball Game Questions, and Speech Skill
فعالية تعليم اللغة العربية بطريقة تعليم لغة المجتمع لترقية مهارة الاستماع و مهارة الكلام
Authors: Riadhi Moh , Islamika Putri Diak
Published: January 2023

The background of the research took this method of teaching the language through the community due to the absence of problems in teaching Arabic in the application of methods that can upgrade students' language skills and the absence of teachers of the Arabic language subject to make the method by which listening and speaking can be promoted. Therefore, the research problem is (1) How is the process of teaching the skill of listening and speaking using the method of teaching community language in the Islamic middle school Nahdhat Al-Watan Senior. (2) How effective is teaching the skill of listening and speaking using the method of teaching community language in the Islamic Intermediate School Nahdhat Al-Watan Senior. Then the research approach means quantitative research using data collection tools using interviews, tests and documents.
The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the control group and the experimental group. This difference can be observed from the mean post test score of the control group with a ratio of 70.11, while the experimental group was 75.07. While the t-test of the post-test results of the experimental group resulted in a sig (two-tailed) value of 0.03 <0.05, which means that there is a significant increase in the learning outcomes of students of the experimental group.
تأثير الطريقة الإعزية في ترقيه عدد حفظ المفردات اللغة العربية
Authors: Hudatullah Ruwaida , Laili Agustina Siti
Published: January 2023

One of the problems that often occur in schools, including the secondary school for female teachers, Nahdat al-Watan, and publishing in Arabic language learning, is that students do not memorize Arabic vocabulary. Because of the problems mentioned above, the author decided to conduct research with the formulation of the problem. Vocabulary of the Arabic language for tenth grade students in the secondary school teachers Nahdhat Al-Watan Finchour The destination is to find out whether the condolence method has an effect on achieving memorizing Arabic vocabulary for the ten semester of the Secondary School Teachers Nahdet Al-Watan, for publication.
The design used in this study is an experimental model from One Group Pretest PosttestDesign. Based on the results of the hypothesis test analysis, the significance value (p): 0,26 was obtained. That is, if the significance value is less than 0.05, then the significant alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. Based on testing the hypotheses, it can be concluded that the use of the method of Al-Moazzi is an effect in the investigation of preserving the Arabic language vocabulary for the ten semester of the secondary school teachers Nahdhat Al-Watan Finchour.
فعالية طريقة رسم الخرائط الذهنية لترقية فهم القواعد للطلاب في دراسة اللغةالعربية
Authors: Ariandi Ariandi , Aini Zahrotul
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out how the mind was effective or ineffective in increasing the ability of the Arabic language to the Indonesian language of the eighth grade students in the Integrated Islamic Intermediate School in the Civil Institute of Palangi. This research was conducted in the eighth semester of the Integrated Islamic Intermediate School in Madani Balangouqi. The population in this study is the eighth semester of the Integrated Islamic Intermediate School at the Civic Institute of Palnguqi. The model includes two semesters, the eighth chapter A as an experimental class and the eighth chapter B as an arbitration class.
This research is quasi-experimental with the design of a pre- and post-test team control group. And the variables of this research are either the freedom variable based on the method of teaching mental mapping, or the linking variable to improve students' understanding of Arabic grammar. The hypothesis testing consists of two stages: The first stage using descriptive hypothesis testing techniques. And the second stage using the exam, which was pre-tested for tests of normality and homogeneity. The result showed that the method of studying mental mapping is effective in promoting the ability of students in the eighth semester in understanding the grammar of the Arabic language.
Keywords: Mind Mapping Method, Grammar, Studying Arabic
دور اتحاد الطلبة لتنمية مهارة الكلام
Authors: Kurniawan Utama Wawan
Published: January 2023

اتحاد الطلبة هي الهيكل التنظيمي المتعلق بالمدرسة في وحدة الغاية والهدف الكلية الشاملة. كانت المدارس التعليمية وخاصة في المعاهد الإسلامية تأسس اتحاد الطلبة التي تهدف إلى تقدم عملية التعليم والتعلم فيها. يركز هذا البحث على دور اتحاد الطلبة لتنمية مهارة الكلام وخاصة بقسم اللغة الذى لديه المسؤول فى تنمية اللغة الطلبة.

يجري هذا البحث بالمدخل الكيفي على المنهج وصفية كيفية. ولجمع البيانات فى هذا البحث، اتخذ الباحث ثلاث أساليب وهي: المقابلة والملاحظة والوثائق.

ومن أهم نتائج هذا البحث هي: (1) أن اجراءات أنشطة قسم اللغة لتنمية اللغة عند الطلاب تظهر من أربعة أنشطة وهي: اعطاء المفردات الصبحية، والمحادثة، والمحاضرة، وتحكيم المحكمة اللغة. (2) أن من فعالية أنشطة قسم اللغة هي: ترقية اللغة ومفردات الطلبة، ممارسة الكلام الطلبة باللغة العربية، وتكوين بيئة اللغوية عند الطلاب. (3) أن أنشطة الأنسب لتنمية مهارة الكلام عند الطلاب هي : تحكيم نظام اللغة حازميا، والإنصاف الطلاب على أهمية المهارات اللغوية، وكثرة السؤال والإتصال باللغة العربية، وتكوين بيئة اللغوية مع النظام الموجه.
فعالية استخدام وسيلة الصورة في لعبة التخمين الكلمات لترقية كفاء المفردات
Authors: Aini Nurul , Asriandi Asriandi , Jannah Raudatul
Published: January 2023

The educational process is not isolated from the role of teaching aids in it, because the teaching aid is an integral part of the school’s education process. The position of the educational medium in the parts of the study process was an effort to strengthen cohabitation between the teacher and the student and between the student and his home. This research was conducted in the research of guessing words in the promotion of Arabic vocabulary through the means of pictures among students in the Islamic High School of Bibidas. The use of the means of images in teaching Arabic aims to master the students in vocabulary, ie facilitating them in learning Arabic vocabulary effectively. The research in the Islamic High School of Pipidas aimed to describe how to use the medium of pictures in teaching the Arabic language in order to master vocabulary at the Islamic High School of Pipidas. The type of this research was quantitative research wherever the researcher made observations in the field of research to obtain data and information related to the existing research. The existing data collection method is observation and documentation. The results of the research indicate that the implementation or application of the use of the image method in teaching Arabic in the Islamic High School of Bibidas is effective, as it was for the sake of mastering Arabic vocabulary. The first step is to create the Instructional Design Professor (RPP) in relation to the learning objectives. The second step is to implement or apply the use of the image media, which was effective in benefiting the class and facilitating the students in understanding and memorizing the vocabulary.
تنمية الوسيلتى جوجل فورم في مواد اللغة العربية لطلاب الصف العاشر المدرسة الشافعية العزيزية الثنوية الإسلامية بندونج
Authors: Sulasani Heni , Suparmanto Suparmanto
Published: January 2023

This study aims to develop a Google Form media on Arabic subjects in the tenth class of the Shafi’i Azizia Thanawiya Islamic School Bandung because the Shafi’i Al-Aziziya Thanawiya Madrasa Bandung has sufficient potential but is not applied in learning, which makes learning monotonous which leads to students lacking enthusiasm and desire to try things new to learning.

The media development research researchers in this Google Form used Borg and Gold's own research method as written in Seggiono's book on quantitative and qualitative research methods and research and development. Where in the book there are 10 steps of research but researchers only use 8, they are: potential and problems, information gathering, product design, design validation, design improvement, product testing, product review, and trial use.

After executing the stages of the eight steps of the research and development method, the researcher obtained the search results as follows: Google products form media development in Arabic materials are suitable to be used after delving into the process of media expert and materials expert. For the media experts rating, they get 91.6% of the 12 items with an average value of 3.6, for the subject matter experts, they score 89.3% of the 14 statement items with an average value of 3.6, and student responses get a score of 90% out of the 10 statement items. Based on the study results, determine whether or not the students' scores increased after using the media, the researchers concluded Google Form because based on the validity of the 15-item test and 10 questions were valid because the score table is 0.444. Calculation of the bipartisan T-test correlation before and after the use of media was reported to influence student value because ha was accepted and he was rejected.
الكلام في سكن اللغة معهد سلفية شافعية العالى سكورجو ستوبندو
Authors: Hanun Aisyatul , Mukminin Amirul , Nafisah Dakhirotun
Published: January 2023

في سياق تعلم اللغة العربية ، تعد مهارة الكلام هي المهارة الأساسية التي يجب أن يتقنها الطلاب في سكن اللغة وهي أحد الأهداف النهائية لتعلم اللغة الأجنبية. بمعنى أوسع، الكلام هو نظام من العلامات التي يمكن سماعها ورؤيتها والتي تستخدم عددًا من العضلات في جسم الإنسان لنقل الأفكار والأفكار من أجل تلبية احتياجاتهم.أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أنه لتحسين مهارة الكلام، تم دعم الطالبات التي يسكنّ في سكن اللغة معهد سلفية شافعية العالى سكورجو ستوبندو من خلال وجود "بيئة لغوية"، من خلال "بيئة اللغة". يمكن أن تؤثر على سلوك الطالبات وأفعالهنّ وتطورهنّ ومن خلال عدة طرق، بما في ذلك: المحادثة والحوار والقواعد والخطابة.
في ترقية إتقان مفردات اللغة العربية (Strip Story) تأثير وسيلة القصة المقطعية
Authors: Wirdiatun Wirdiatun Wizri , Hudatullah Ruwaida , Rauhillah Siti
Published: January 2023

Among the many problems  learning Arabic are the media, methods of learning Arabic, and enthusiasm for learning Arabic. In this university research, the researcher focused on the media, specifically through the use of the Strip story method, considering  this method is suitable for learning vocabulary. The questions "Does the application of the "Strip Story" method affect the upgrading of Arabic vocabulary proficiency? The objectives of the research are to find out the effect of the application of the "Strip Story" method in improving Arabic vocabulary. The research hypothesis exists that the effect of the "Strip Story" method To improve the proficiency of Arabic vocabulary. This research uses the quantitative method and uses the type of experimental research. The population research and the samples research were students of class VII-Q experimental class and class VII-h class control. Undergraduate research is the use of an objective test in the form of a multiple choice test.               The mean score for the pre-test for the control group was 56.25, while the mean for the post-test score for the control group was 55.16, and thus it can be concluded that we are as a decrease in learning outcomes in the control group using the lecture method.The average score of the pre-test for the experimental group is 60.00, and the average score for the post-test for the experimental group is 73.75, and it can be concluded that as an increase in the results of students learning the Arabic language using the strip story method