bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inundation analysis of metro systems with the storm water management model incorporated into a geographical information system: a case study in Shanghai
Authors: Lyu Hai-Min , Shen Shui-Long , Yang Jun , Yin Zhen-Yu
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This study presents an integrated approach to evaluate inundation
risks, in which an algorithm is proposed to integrate the storm water
management model (SWMM) into a geographical information system (GIS). The
proposed algorithm simulates the flood inundation of overland flows and in
metro stations for each designed scenario. It involves the following stages:
(i) determination of the grid location and spreading coefficient and (ii) an
iterative calculation of the spreading process. In addition, an equation is
proposed to calculate the inundation around a metro station and to predict
the potential inundation risks of the metro system. The proposed method is
applied to simulate the inundation risk of the metro system in the urban
centre of Shanghai under 50-year, 100-year, and 500-year rainfall
intensities. Both inundation extent and depth are obtained and the proposed
method is validated with records of historical floods. The results
demonstrate that in the case of a 500-year rainfall intensity, the inundated
area with a water depth excess of 300 mm covers up to 5.16 km2. In
addition, four metro stations are inundated to a depth of over 300 mm.
AUTOFORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: ATRAVESSAMENTOS TRANSDISCIPLINARES
Authors: Quintanilha Clarissa Moura
Published: October 2019

Na virada do milênio, a discussão sobre outro modelo educacional foi colocada em pauta. O contexto educacional mundial vem se questionando desde então sobre a atual educação fragmentada, excludente, com currículo compartimentado e organizado em uma suposta sequência lógica. Entendemos que a formação transdisciplinar docente deve contemplar um processo tripolar: a autoformação, a heteroformação e a ecoformação. Este artigo concentrou-se na discussão teórica-metodológica do processo autoformativo docente. Apostamos em uma construção que possa favorecer a busca por uma formação docente transdisciplinar, com foco na autoformação, no processo subjetivo, interno, reflexivo e construtor da autonomia.
Las máximas de la experiencia en la jurisprudencia mexicana
Authors: Guzmán Ruíz Héctor Manuel
Published: October 2019

El texto analiza un corpus de tesis jurisprudenciales generadas por los Tribunales de Amparo mexicanos, en los que se advierten distintas funciones en el uso del concepto “máximas de la experiencia”, para lo cual utiliza dos criterios de clasificación: 1) como concepto autónomo: para valoración probatoria, para colmar lagunas normativas, inferir conclusiones fácticas, generar un parámetro objetivo de verdad, sustentar una decisión razonable, y 2) en la correlación con otros conceptos de valoración probatoria del tipo: método científico, reglas de la lógica, pensar reflexivo, sana crítica, prueba libre, sentido común. De ello se concluye que la jurisprudencia mexicana trata a las “máximas de la experiencia” como un tópico de lugar común, tanto desde el punto de vista lingüístico como epistemológico.
Constitucionalismo autoritario. El incumplimiento de las obligaciones estatales y ciudadanas como hipótesis de la fractura del contrato social
Authors: Manzo Ugas Gustavo Alberto
Published: October 2019

Se realiza una revisión de la teoría contractualista clásica que explica el origen del Estado y su desarrollo a la luz de diferentes hechos que generan su estudio. El Estado posee, al igual que el pueblo y su consideración moderna desde la ciudadanía, obligaciones mínimas que, por una parte, garantizan la viabilidad del contrato social y, por la otra, en caso de contravención, obligan a los ciudadanos a llevar a cabo conductas dirigidas a la exigibilidad de esta estructura en condiciones de garantizar su existencia. En razón de ello se revisan nuevos postulados en la teoría constitucional, como el constitucionalismo autoritario, teniendo como marco de referencia principal la situación de no democracia que atraviesa Venezuela, sin dejar de lado otros antecedentes que se ubican en la misma línea de investigación.
Serum vitamin D level variation in SIRS, sepsis and septic shock
Authors: GUL Fethi , ARSLANTAS Mustafa K , BILGILI Beliz , BESIR Ahmet , KASAPOGLU Umut S , KARAKURT Sait , CINEL İsmail
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Vitamin D has potent immunomodulatory effects with the capability of acting as an autocrine and paracrine agent,and inhibits inflammatory signaling. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels in systemicinflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and, septic shock patients and outcomes.Patients and Methods: A total of 45 patients whose vitamin D levels were measured within the first 48 hours of Intensive Care Unit(ICU) admission and 20 healthy controls were studied prospectively. The patients were grouped as, SIRS (Group-I,n=10), sepsis(Group-II,n=25), septic shock (Group-III,n=10) and healthy subjects (Group-IV,n=20). Serum vitamin D levels were categorized asa deficiency (≤15ng/mL), insufficiency (16-29ng/mL) and sufficiency (≥30ng/mL). Demographic characteristics, Acute Physiologyand Chronic Health Assessment II (APACHE-II) scores, and biochemical parameters were noted.Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in all study groups compared to the control group (p<0.01), but were similar amongthe study groups. The hospital and ICU length of stay (LOS), and biochemical parameters were similar among the study groups. Themortality rates were 40% in Group I, 57 % in Group II, and 80 % in Group III.Conclusion: In our study patients with SIRS, sepsis and septic shock had lower serum 25-OH vitamin D levels compared to thecontrol group. Our results are in line with the literature that supports a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and inflammation.
Unabated Cyber Terrorism and Human Security in Nigeria
Authors: Alao David Oladimeji , Osah Goodnews , Adam Eteete Michael
Published: October 2019

The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) due to Internet connectivity has called to question the preparedness of nations to curb cyber terrorism and the effects on human security. Boko Haram emerged as one of the deadliest terrorist groups globally. The paper investigated the Nigeria’s efforts in checkmating cyber terrorism, the implication on human security and the inherent challenges associated. The paper employed descriptive research and qualitative method while secondary sources of data were adopted. The study found that cyber terrorism as employed by Boko Haram was deployed in raising fund, propaganda, coordinating operation, international collaboration, recruitment and training of its members. In addition, the Nigerian government has not given sufficient attention to war against cyber terrorism and this has complicated human security provisioning particularly in the North-East Nigeria. This study concluded that cyber terrorism has come to stay as long as development in ICT cannot exclude the terrorists and the prevalence of fear of attack and the destruction of lives and property facilitated by Internet have devastating effects on human security. This paper recommended the criminalization of terror attacks, adequate equipment of the security agencies and political will to tackle societal ills.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Transmission and Genotype of HCV in Iraqi Patients
Authors: Al-Khazraji Khalid Abdulla , Abbas Wissam Khudhair , Abdullah Safiya Khalid
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem in the world, and about 170 million patients are chronically infected with HCV. Worldwide; different epidemiologic patterns of HCV infection have been identified.

AIM OF THE STUDY: By this study, we try to know the prevalence and risk factors for HCV transmission in Iraqi patients and genotype distribution of the disease.

PATIENTS & METHODS: In a cross sectional study of 355898 persons, 232645 males & 123253 females; had been enrolled for the study in Baghdad teaching hospital, Iraqi blood bank, Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital, Al-Nu'man teaching  Hospital and Al-Basrah teaching hospital from February 2017 to February 2019. Positive patients for hepatitis C antibody were further studied for way of transmission and viral load and genotype. History had been taken about the possible risk factor for HCV transmission which included (15) risk factors.

RESULTS: A total of 355898 persons, 232645 males & 123253 females their Mean age at diagnosis was 47.3 (± 15.6) years, Ranged (19–78) years. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the study sample was 22.9 (± 3) kg/m2, studied all screen for hepatitis C antibody 1155 discovered to be positive 650 were males and 505 were females, further study done for viral load in 746 patients and genotype in 633 patients: 356 (48%) with high viral load, 390 (52%)with low viral load and 345 (52.8%) with genotype V and 301 (46.2%) with genotype IV, while genotype II was 2 (0.3%) and III 7 (0.5%), The most common possible ways of transmission of the disease by history in this study was blood transfusion 53%, dental procedure 42%, hemodialysis 36%, caesarean section 34.5%, while injured male during shaving 33%, patient who have surgical operation 24%, Tattooing in 8%, cupping in 6.6%, IV injection in 4% heterosexual seen in 2%, renal transplant in 2%, and only 1% in needle stick injury. while the more frequent genotype is 1 then 4. Hemodialysis and improper use of IV medication had been found to be more significant in HCV male patients .The relation between possible risk factor for transmission of HCV and residence, viral load were not significant.

CONCLUSION: The most common probable risk factors as single risk factor for the male was blood transfusion, and for female was caesarean section. While for two risk factors for male were Blood transfusion and Hemodialysis and for female were Caesarean section & Dental procedure and for both gender were hemodialysis & dental procedure.

While for three risk factors for both gender were surgery, barbers, and dental procedure. In our study we had found the prevalence of HCV in our Iraqi big sample was relatively low. The most common genotype was genotype I then genotype IV with rarity of genotype III 0 and genotype II.
A Review of the Multiple-Intelligence Domains of Physically Handicapped Individuals in Terms of Certain Demographic Attributes
Authors: Bayram Levent , Keskin Ozge Deniz Yuceloglu
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to review the multiple intelligence domains of physically handicapped individuals with regard to certain variables. The population of the study consists of 40 physically handicapped adults in total, 13 females and 27 males, between the ages of 16 to 58 with an age average of 30.80 ± 9.78 who were members of Association of the Physically Handicapped and who participated into the study voluntarily in Samsun province, in 2017. In addition to the descriptive questions about age, gender, educational background and whether they did sports or not, “Multiple Intelligence Inventory” developed by Gülşen (2015) was applied to the respondents in order to obtain data. In the study, t test and Mann Whitney U test for the paired comparisons, and Kruskal Wallis and One Way ANOVA test for the triple comparisons and above were used to compare multiple intelligence theory score averages of the physically handicapped individuals in terms of the variables of gender, age, educational background and whether they do sports or not. Level of significance was taken as (p < 0.05). It was found that there was a significant difference between the logical/mathematical intelligence domain score averages of female and male participants (p < 0.05). It was seen that the logical/mathematical intelligence domain of males was more dominant than that of females. A statistically significant difference was observed at the Visual/Spatial and Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence domains with regard to age group variable (p < 0.05). In addition, when the multiple intelligence score averages were compared according to whether individuals do sports or not, the logical/mathematical intelligence domain of those doing sports was significantly higher than that of those who did not do sports (p < 0.05). The results can be interpreted as that doing sports may develop logical-mathematical intelligence of individuals. The study also shows that none of the fields of intelligence differs statistically in terms of the variable of educational status.
The Effects of Mind Games and Games Containing Physical Activity on Attention and Visual Perception Levels of Primary School Students
Authors: Altun Meryem
Published: October 2019

The aim of the research is to investigate the effects of mind games and games containing physical activity on the attention and visual perception levels of the primary school students. In this research, experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was used. The population of the study consists of seven-year-old children, and the sample consists of 160 volunteer students, who are chosen through purposeful sampling method and involved in game and physical activity group, mind games group, both physical activity and mind games group, and control group, studying at the Primary School in Kırşehir province in the 2017–2018 academic year. The data were collected by “Bourdon Attention Test (Letter Form)” and “Frostig Developmental Visual Perception Test”. A 14-week program was applied to the students in the experimental group and the students were given two hours of practice per day for three days a week. In the analysis of the data, arithmetic mean and standard deviation values of the pre-tests were calculated according to the group variables. The dependent sample t test was used to examine the differences of measurements within the group, one-way analysis of variance was used to make comparisons between the groups and the Tukey HSD analysis was used as a post-hoc analysis to determine the difference between the groups. According to the findings of the study, the attention and visual perception pre and post-test scores obtained from the experimental groups indicate that there is a significant difference in favor of the post-test scores. As a result, all experimental groups showed a significantly higher difference in visual perception and attention when compared to the control group. This result shows that applying mind games, games containing physical activity, both mind games and games containing physical activity together are effective in developing visual perception and attention.
Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma in Shiraz, Southwest of Iran between 2011 and 2016
Authors: Shaghaghian Elaheh , Namazi Mohammad Reza , Shaghaghian Alireza
Published: October 2019

Background: Melanoma is the most deadly of all skin cancers in the world, its incidence rate has increased in the last decades. We aim to define the frequency, and epidemiologic features of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Cases diagnosed between 2011 and 2016 in teaching hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, southwest of Iran.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was have performed at hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2011 to 2016. Pathology reports collected from the laboratory along with general information such as age, sex, site of the tumor and had ulceration or not. SPSS version 23 statistical software was used for data analyzing. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results: A total of 183 cases of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma were registered in Faghihi Teaching hospital, 7 cases in Namazi Teaching Hospital and 6 cases in Motahari clinic in Shiraz, between 2011 and 2016. The average age was 64.5 years with age range of 1year to 89 years, mostly in women (51.5%) and also most of the tumor sites were in the foot 46 (23.5%) and then in the scalp 20 (10.2%). The incidence of ulceration was 41 (20.9%), and the most common stage of the tumor was stage one.

Conclusion: The results proved the importance of awareness of the physicians about the frequency and epidemiologic features of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma in their region that they can diagnose or screen and treat them more earlier in better ways.
Investigating the Success of Cover Flap in Patients with Bedsore
Authors: Mortazavi Shokoufe , Amirian Gholamreza , Heidari Mohammadbagher
Published: October 2019

Objective: The high prevalence of bedsore creates many problems for the maintenance system and the patients, and in addition to spending high costs for treating ulcers, a lot of time is also dedicated to caring for them. The purpose of performing this study is to investigate the therapeutic results of recovering bedsore injuries by cover flaps.

Work Method: This study is of prospective type in which 85 patients with bedsore who had referred to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah for treatment by muscle cover flaps during the years of 2016 to 2017, were followed up at time periods of 1 week, and 3 months after the discharge and in case of failure, they were recovered. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by using statistical tests and SPSS version 22 software.

Results: The obtained results showed that the success percentage of recovering bedsores was significantly increased after one week, and 3 months by cover flaps (P <0.05). Also, the success percentage of recovering bedsores by cover flap after one week, and 3 months in terms of age, gender, and BMI of patients significantly shows an increase (P <0.05).

Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded from this study that using cover flaps leads to the success of recovering bedsores after 3 months of treatment, and the age, gender, and BMI variables of patients cannot be effective in this improvement process.
REBOA – new era of bleeding control, literature review
Authors: Marciniuk Piotr , Pawlaczyk Rafał , Rogowski Jan , Wojciechowski Jacek , Znaniecki Łukasz
Published: October 2019

It is extremely difficult to provide non-compressible torso hemorrhage control particularly in trauma setting. A vast majority of cases present inability of successful exsanguination arrest, leading to cardiovascular collapse, myocardial and cerebral hypoperfusion and death eventually.
The only possible treatment for these patients is prompt bleeding control, either open or endovascular. Aortic occlusion seems to be the most rapid and convenient way to restrain blood loss and possibly increase survival. However, it is not proven yet. Traditional aortic occlusion for trauma consisted of supradiaphragmatic thoracic aorta cross-clamping through resuscitative thoracotomy (RT). This complicated and devastating procedure triggered the necessity to work on a simpler, less invasive resuscitation bridge which can be implemented in emergency department or even prehospital manner.
Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) provides a novel method of hemorrhagic shock stabilization in bleeding below the diaphragm. The mechanism lies in improving myocardial and cerebral perfusion and ceasing major bleeding itself. This method together with invasive endovascular and surgical procedures creates a new approach of choice for trauma patients. It is called Endovascular Hybrid Trauma and Resuscitation Management (EVTM) and introduces this concept to modern clinical practice.
Through a detailed review, this article aims to introduce REBOA procedure to a broader recipient and present REBOA details, benefits and limitations.
ANALYSIS OF RING CRACKS IN CERAMIC ROLLING ELEMENTS
USING THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: KARASZEWSKI Waldemar
Published: October 2019

Ceramic materials have been increasingly used in bearing systems for over a dozen years. This is due to the
specific properties of ceramic materials, such as high hardness, corrosion resistance, the possibility of use in
aggressive chemical environments, as well as due to the lower specific weight as compared to steel materials.
However, the use of ceramic materials imposes many limitations. The main disadvantages include surface
cracks and a low fracture toughness value.
The paper presents a numerical analysis of crack propagation in silicon nitride balls. The directions of
propagation were analysed for the cracks that are most commonly found on the surface of the commercially
available ceramic balls. The directions were analysed along the crack front and considering the location of the
crack in relation to the contact point of the balls in the rolling contact. The numerical calculations are based
on a three-dimensional model of the ring crack. Numerical calculations were carried out using the boundary
element method. Numerical solutions were compared with the results of experimental research.
The Influence of Cognitive Biases in Production Planning and Control: Considering the Human Factor for the Design of Decision Support Systems
Authors: Bendul Julia , Zahner Melanie
Published: October 2019

Production planning and control (PPC) requires human decision-making in several process steps like production program planning, production data management, and performance measurement. Thereby, human decisions are often biased leading to an aggravation of logistic performance. Exemplary, the lead time syndrome (LTS) shows this connection. While production planners aim to improve due date reliability by updating planned lead times, the result is actually a decreasing due date reliability. In current research in the field of production logistics, the impact of cognitive biases on the decision-making process in production planning and control remains at a silent place. We aim to close this research gap by combining a systematic literature review on behavioral operation management and cognitive biases with a case study from the steel industry to show the influence of cognitive biases on human decision-making in production planning and the impact on logistic performance. The result is the definition of guidelines considering human behavior for the design of decision support systems to improve logistic performance.
Elementary Particles are not Substances
Authors: Verrill Robert ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

The doctrine of the salvation of souls is obviously central to our Christian faith. Yet one of the challenges of communicating this truth is that many people have ontological commitments that don’t even allow for the existence of souls. Therefore, a philosophical understanding of physical reality which is compatible with a Christian understanding of the human person is especially important if we are to preach the Gospel effectively in the modern age. Like many Christian philosophers, I believe that St. Thomas Aquinas provides us with such a philosophical understanding of physical reality. Nevertheless, we need to be careful in how we map Aquinas’s philosophical concepts onto physical phenomena. It is with this concern in mind that I will argue that elementary particles are not substances.
O ensino em e da Libras: perfis profissionais para oferta da educação bilíngue no Brasil
Authors: Silva Rubia Carla Donda da , Martins Sandra Eli Sartoreto Oliveira
Published: October 2019

Este texto abarca um diálogo acerca da composição do quadro profissional designado para garantir os direitos linguísticos e a promoção da educação bilíngue de estudantes surdos no âmbito dos sistemas federal, estaduais e distrital de ensino. De caráter documental, o estudo envolveu a coleta dos Planos Nacional, Estaduais e Distrital de Educação no portal “PNE em Movimento”. Na sequência, os excertos indicativos dos profissionais destinados a atuar na educação de surdos foram selecionados e exibidos em mapas, sob o formato de legendas, permitindo ativar a interlocução com e entre as propostas investigadas. Múltiplas composições do quadro profissional foram identificadas, e diferentes denominações apontaram perfis e modos de atuação distintos dos profissionais especializados para atuar na educação de surdos. Todavia, prevalece a indicação da provisão de intérpretes de Libras, seguida da oferta de professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado, de professores bilíngues e, por fim, de professores e/ou instrutores de Libras, prioritariamente surdos. Mediante esse panorama, é possível pontuar avanços nas pautas educacionais relativas ao atendimento educacional de estudantes surdos, por outro lado, nota-se a ausência de propostas que sustentem a consolidação de um projeto educacional bilíngue fundamentado na equiparação de status entre línguas - Libras e a Língua Portuguesa, o qual permita transcender a lógica da subordinação da primeira em relação a segunda e, por conseguinte, dos surdos nos processos educacionais ao impulsionar o bilinguismo como um dos pilares da inclusão e da formação linguística e acadêmica nas escolas brasileiras.
(Re) pensando a acessibilidade em ambientes culturais para pessoas com deficiência visual e Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors:   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mattos Michele Morgane de Melo , Machado Sídio Werdes de Sousa , Vieira Cristiane Rodrigues , Braz Ruth Maria Mariani , Lione Viviane de Oliveira Freitas ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Published: October 2019

Historicamente, as pessoas com deficiência viveram à margem da sociedade que ia se constituindo voltada para uma parte privilegiada da população. A luta dessas pessoas e das demais que formam o grupo de excluídos socialmente conquistou o direito de acesso e participação nos diversos âmbitos da sociedade. Entretanto, na atualidade, ainda é necessário repensar os espaços físicos e sociais para a garantia de seu acesso a todos. Este artigo trata da inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na sociedade, tendo como objetivo refletir sobre a acessibilidade em ambientes culturais,a partir de uma visita a um museu, pensando nas peculiaridades das pessoas com Deficiência Visual e Transtorno do Espectro Autista, através de uma análise qualitativa do ambiente, de seu acervo e de suas funcionalidades. Como resultado, encontramos pontos positivos no ambiente; entretanto, ainda existem algumas barreiras a serem eliminadas como a falta de tecnologia assistiva e necessidade de adaptações no espaço. Concluímos que os espaços diversos precisam repensar o seu ambiente e promover a acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência para que elas vivenciem esses espaços de forma autônoma e independente efetivamente, não parcialmente.
Implicações da utilização do ficus spp. na arborização do município de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Silva Jaine Beatriz Sousa da , Lima Pricila da Silva , Pires Eldeane de Castro , Baumann Sarah Stephanie Rebelo Traian , Brigida Camila Amorim Santa , Rabelo Livia Karine Lima , Maestri Mayra Piloni , Aquino Marina Gabriela Cardoso de
Published: October 2019

A arborização urbana é entendida como toda cobertura de vegetação arbórea presente nas cidades, a mesma é uma grande influenciadora na qualidade de vida da população. Porém é necessário um bom planejamento e monitoramento das espécies inseridas no ambiente urbano, de modo que se tenha os benefícios esperados da arborização. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar as implicações da utilização do Ficus spp. em 4 bairros e 11 praças do município de Santarém, Pará. Foi realizado um inventário total destas áreas, considerando somente os indivíduos com altura igual ou superior a 1,5m. Considerou-se uma espécie exótica por não ser de formação originária do Brasil. Foram calculadas a Frequência absoluta (FA) e Frequência relativa (FR) da espécie Ficus spp. em relação ao número total de indivíduos inventariados.  Para esse estudo foram totalizados 1416 indivíduos, dentre eles, 115 são Ficus spp. no momento do levantamento, 93,91% dos indivíduos arbóreos estavam em estado vegetativo. Em relação a sanidade da copa das espécimes encontradas, 79,13% possui copa saudável e sem problemas. Dentre as árvores amostradas, aproximadamente 25% da amostra necessita de algum tipo de manejo, seja poda, substituição ou remoção da árvore. Essa espécie exótica não é indicada para arborização urbana, pois tem causado conflitos com calçadas, tubulações e rede elétrica, devido terem raízes agressivas e crescimento rápido.
Espécies frutíferas na arborização urbana do município de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Rabelo Livia Karine Lima , Pires Eldeane de Castro , Baumann Sarah Stephanie Rebelo Traian , Brígida Camila Amorim Santa , Silva Jaine Beatriz Sousa da , Lima Pricila da Silva , Maestri Mayra Piloni , Aquino Marina Gabriela Cardoso de
Published: October 2019

A silvicultura urbana compreende todas as atividades relacionadas a implantação e manejo da vegetação presente nas cidades, podendo ocorrer nos espaços verdes públicos ou privados e proporciona diversos benefícios socioambientais. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar a ocorrência de espécies frutíferas utilizadas na alimentação de seres humanos e avifauna em 4 bairros e 11 praças do município de Santarém, Pará, através do inventário total destas áreas, considerando somente os indivíduos com altura igual ou superior a 1,5m. Foram calculadas a Frequência absoluta (FR) e Frequência relativa (FR) de cada espécie alimentar em relação ao número total de indivíduos inventariados. Quanto à origem das espécies, foram classificadas como exóticas ou nativas. Além disso, utilizando o método de revisão de literatura, foram apontadas características acerca do tamanho e peso dos frutos.  Foram contabilizados 1646 indivíduos arbóreos, distribuídos em 63 espécies de 31 famílias botânicas. Sendo classificadas como frutíferas de capacidade alimentícia para humanos e/ou avifauna 660 indivíduos, de 22 espécies pertencentes a 10 famílias, com destaque para a Mangueira (Mangifera indica L.), Oitizeiro (Licania tomentosa), Jambeiro (Syzygium malaccense), Castanhola (Terminalia catappa), Cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale) e  Goiabeira (Psidium guajava) com maior número de representantes. Desta forma, é possível afirmar que a arborização no município de Santarém é composta por 40,09% de espécies frutíferas alimentares à população e avifauna local.
Første nationale uddannelsesdag i akutmedicin: Resultat af gennemgang af kompetencerne fra introduktionsuddannelsen
Authors: NISSEN Katrine Dueholm , Christiansen Charlotte Dahl , Harder Louis , Jessen Marie , Mackenhauer Julie
Published: October 2019

Baggrund:

I 2018 blev akutmedicin et selvstændigt speciale (1). Målbeskrivelsen er udarbejdet af sundhedsstyrelsen (SST), Dansk Selskab for Akutmedicin (DASEM) og en række andre specialer. Dernæst er kompetencekortene til de 9 kompetencer udarbejdet af DASEM (2). De uddannelsesansvarlige overlæger har lokalt udarbejdet uddannelsesprogrammer, som definerer hvordan de 9 kompetencer opnås i hver enkelt akutafdeling. Andre specialer har god erfaring med at supplerer med specifikke færdighedskort som fx kan benyttes til at superviser praktiske kliniske procedurer.

 

Formål:

Yngre Danske Akutmedicinere (YDAM) afviklede i marts 2019 første nationale uddannelsesdag. Formålet med dagen var at erfaringsudveksle på tværs af hospitaler samt samle input til DASEM med henblik på revision af målbeskrivelsen, kompetencekort samt udarbejdelse af nye færdighedskort. 

 

Metode:

Der blev afholdt et endags seminar for alle uddannelseslæger og uddannelsesansvarlige overlæger i akutmedicin. Dagen bestod af gruppearbejde, hvor målbeskrivelsen, kompetencekort og uddannelsesprogrammer blev gennemgået kritisk og der blev opstillet forslag til evt. forbedringstiltag.

 

Resultat:

Der var 36 deltagere på uddannelsesdagen, heraf 9 overlæger og 27 uddannelseslæger.  Der var bred deltagelse på dagen med uddannelseslæger fra alle regioner men ikke alle 21 akutsygehuse. Alle kom med input til forbedring af målbeskrivelse og kompetencekort. Dette blev samlet i et fælles dokument. Der blev opstillet 14 forslag til nye færdighedskort.

 

Konklusion:

Uddannelsesdagen klarlagde at der blandt yngre læger og uddannelsesansvarlige overlæger er et ønske om at uddannelsesmaterialet opdateres for at forbedre den akutmedicinske introduktionsuddannelse. For at øge det faglige niveau, ønskede deltagerne bl.a opdatering af kompetencekort samt nye færdighedskort. De akutmedicinske læger som har grundlagt DK-AKUT, er allerede i gang med dette arbejde og man bør i samarbejde med dem opdaterer kompetencekort og færdighedskort efter international standard.
English and Scottish Scholars at the Library of Gian Vincenzo Pinelli (1565–1601)
Authors: Philo John-Mark
Published: October 2019

Throughout the second half of the sixteenth century, the scholar and collector Gian Vincenzo Pinelli (1535–1601) welcomed poets, mathematicians, antiquarians, and astronomers from every corner of Europe to his vast private library in Padua. These scholars left their mark on Pinelli’s collection, annotating his manuscripts, trading texts, and even making contributions of their very own to his library. This article considers the English and Scottish scholars who visited Pinelli’s collection and the works they gifted to Pinelli. These manuscripts, now preserved at the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan, include an impressive breadth of material, ranging from treatises on England’s schism with Rome to verse commemorating the deaths of fellow scholar–poets. Pinelli, it emerges, was not only hosting scholars from England and Scotland, but also gathering reports, discourses, and what was in many cases highly sensitive intelligence on both nations. These manuscripts thus bear witness to the importance of the Italian private library to the transmission of both ideas and physical texts across the Continent, shining new light on a literary culture that was able to cross and transcend national boundaries.
A Holy Exchange: The Dedicatory Epistle of Clément Marot’s Translation of the Psalms
Authors: Haake Gregory P.
Published: October 2019

Clément Marot, poet and evangelical sympathizer, published his own translation of thirty psalms in 1541, which in itself was not remarkable at the time. However, what distinguishes this collection is the dedicatory epistle that precedes it. Marot does more than flatter the king, to whom he dedicates his work, or introduce the text that follows. In this article, I argue that Marot composes a dedicatory epistle that, while following contemporary conventions of the genre, takes advantage of those conventions to accomplish a specific evangelical goal in a complex and sensitive religious and political environment. The text creates a typical exchange between patron and poet—the patron’s protection in return for the poet’s gift of the text—but Marot ultimately intends to bypass his patron and bestow a more profound gift upon the French people by way of this exchange, namely, to further a more evangelical scriptural approach and devotional practice.
Evolutionary and functional insights into the mechanism underlying body-size-related adaptation of mammalian hemoglobin
Authors: Rapp Olga , Yifrach Ofer
Published: October 2019

Hemoglobin (Hb) represents a model protein to study molecular adaptation in vertebrates. Although both affinity and cooperativity of oxygen binding to Hb affect tissue oxygen delivery, only the former was thought to determine molecular adaptations of Hb. Here, we suggest that Hb affinity and cooperativity reflect evolutionary and physiological adaptions that optimized tissue oxygen delivery. To test this hypothesis, we derived the relationship between the Hill coefficient and the relative affinity and conformational changes parameters of the Monod-Wymann-Changeux allosteric model and graphed the ‘biophysical Hill landscape’ describing this relation. We found that mammalian Hb cooperativity values all reside on a ridge of maximum cooperativity along this landscape that allows for both gross- and fine-tuning of tissue oxygen unloading to meet the distinct metabolic requirements of mammalian tissues for oxygen. Our findings reveal the mechanism underlying body size-related adaptation of mammalian Hb. The generality and implications of our findings are discussed.
Structure-based characterization of novel TRPV5 inhibitors
Authors: Hughes Taylor ET , Del Rosario John Smith , Kapoor Abhijeet , Yazici Aysenur Torun , Yudin Yevgen , Fluck Edwin C , Filizola Marta , Rohacs Tibor , Moiseenkova-Bell Vera Y
Published: October 2019

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) is a highly calcium selective ion channel that acts as the rate-limiting step of calcium reabsorption in the kidney. The lack of potent, specific modulators of TRPV5 has limited the ability to probe the contribution of TRPV5 in disease phenotypes such as hypercalcemia and nephrolithiasis. Here, we performed structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) at a previously identified TRPV5 inhibitor binding site coupled with electrophysiology screening and identified three novel inhibitors of TRPV5, one of which exhibits high affinity, and specificity for TRPV5 over other TRP channels, including its close homologue TRPV6. Cryo-electron microscopy of TRPV5 in the presence of the specific inhibitor and its parent compound revealed novel binding sites for this channel. Structural and functional analysis have allowed us to suggest a mechanism of action for the selective inhibition of TRPV5 and lay the groundwork for rational design of new classes of TRPV5 modulators.
Extraction of active RhoGTPases by RhoGDI regulates spatiotemporal patterning of RhoGTPases
Authors: Golding Adriana E , Visco Ilaria , Bieling Peter , Bement William M
Published: October 2019

The RhoGTPases are characterized as membrane-associated molecular switches that cycle between active, GTP-bound and inactive, GDP-bound states. However, 90–95% of RhoGTPases are maintained in a soluble form by RhoGDI, which is generally viewed as a passive shuttle for inactive RhoGTPases. Our current understanding of RhoGTPase:RhoGDI dynamics has been limited by two experimental challenges: direct visualization of the RhoGTPases in vivo and reconstitution of the cycle in vitro. We developed methods to directly image vertebrate RhoGTPases in vivo or on lipid bilayers in vitro. Using these methods, we identified pools of active and inactive RhoGTPase associated with the membrane, found that RhoGDI can extract both inactive and active RhoGTPases, and found that extraction of active RhoGTPase contributes to their spatial regulation around cell wounds. These results indicate that RhoGDI directly contributes to the spatiotemporal patterning of RhoGTPases by removing active RhoGTPases from the plasma membrane.
Radiation Exposure of Personnel Categories at the Center of Oncology and Hematology at Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakech
Authors: Amaoui Bouchra , El Kharras Abdennasser , Aabid Mohammed , Hakam Oum Keltoum , Choukri Abdelmajid , Semghouli Slimane
Published: October 2019

Objective: This study aims to estimate the annual doses for personnel categories following their exposure to ionizing radiation during their occupation in the external radiotherapy department of the Center of Oncology and Hematology (COH) at Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakech.

Materials and Methods: Operational dosimeters PACK MGP DMC 3000 were used to measure the dose rates around the machines operating with ionizing radiation. In order to assess the reliability of the measurements made by these dosimeters, they were checked against measurements made at the same position by the Inspector detector. The annual effective dose was calculated by multiplying the average dose rate measured during a procedure by the overall treatment time throughout a year.

Results: Regarding the reliability check of the measuring instrument, the recorded error is between 2 and 10% with an average of 7%. For personnel category A, the measured dose rate ranges from 0.066 to 0.083 µSv/h, with an average value of 0.075 µSv/h. For category B, it varies between 0.066 and 0.083 µSv, with an average value of 0.092 µSv/h. It is 0.074 µSv/h for category C. The annual dose for category A ranges from 0.089 to 0.113 mSv/year, with an average value of 0.101 mSv/year. For category B, it varies between 0.089 and 0.113 mSv/year, with an average value of 0.100 mSv/year. It is 0.100mSv/year for category C.

Conclusion: The annual effective doses to personnel categories, assessed by this study, are very low compared to the regulatory standards set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). As a result, workers benefit from good radiation protection conditions within the Center of Oncology and Hematology at Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakech.
Cephalometric Analysis of Sella Turcica for Age Determination from Sokoto, Nigeria: A Radiological Study
Authors: Usman Z. , Yunusa G. H. , Bello A. , Usman J. D. , Aliu A. , Bello S. S. , Ahmad I. M. , A. Musa M. , Ammani T. , Marwan G. B. , Bello R. , Ahmed A. M. , Abubakar U. , Onimisi B. O. , Bunza H. A. , Zagga A. D.
Published: October 2019

Cephalometry deals with the measurement of the head or radiological specimen of the head. Sella turcica is an important anatomical structure located in the middle cranial fossa, housing the pituitary gland. Various shapes and sizes of the sellae turcica have been reported. However, in this study, using computerized tomographic (CT) scans, one hundred and seventy-five (175) scans were analyzed using Radiant version 4.2 for determination of sizes and shapes of the sella. Average dimensions from the study include length (12.4mm), A-P diameter (14.1 m), depth (9.6 mm) and transverse diameter (13.8mm). Shapes were classified as being round (56.6%), oval (32%) and flat (11.4%). Males tend to have higher sella sizes than females and there are statistically               significant differences between them especially in respect to A-P diameter and length parameters. Also, there is a statistically significant relationship between age groups in terms of A-P diameter and depth of the sella turcica. However, there is no correlation between age and shapes found in the study.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Mesquite Grains Flour in Hamburger Meat Product
Authors: Cavalcante Atacy Maciel de Melo , Silva Osvaldo Soares da , Neto Genésio José da Silva , Melo Anely Maciel de , Ribeiro Neila Lidiany
Published: October 2019

Aims: The objective is to approach the use of the flour of the mesquite grains in restructured hamburger meat product formulations.

Introduction: The mesquite seed is a by product of great nutritional value and little use in large scale for food purposes, being considered, also, discarding raw material in the processing of the mesquite pod. The seeds represent an agroindustrial byproduct with broad technological and nutritional potential, with some applications already tested and widespread in the food and environmental sector. The high sugar content associated with the high levels of nitrogen in the mesquite tree pods favours the biochemical processes and enables the production technology of alcohol, spirits, liquor, wine, honey, enzymes, acids, gums, vinegar, sugars and even a substitute drink for coffee. In some Andean countries, other beverages such as lodge, chicha, etole and algarobina (a type of stomach and aphrodisiac fortifier), flour, biscuit and cookies are made. The physicochemical characteristics of the hamburger should contain a maximum fat content of 23.0%, a minimum of 15% protein, 3% total carbohydrates and calcium content (maximum dry basis) 0,1% in raw hamburger and 0.45% cooked hamburger.

Conclusion: The use of resources to reduce the disadvantages related to the addition of fibre in meat products should be studied in order to obtain the benefits of this addition without compromising the acceptability and quality of the final product, besides allowing a greater addition of mesquite seed in order to achieve the requirements for a functional product.
Optimal Design of Independent Mini Hydro-photovoltaic-battery-diesel Hybrid Power System for Erin-ijesha Water Fall, Nigeria
Authors: Oludare Fagbohun Olumuyiwa , Adebanji Bankole , O. Oke Micheal
Published: October 2019

In order to provide a sustainable energy system, especially in rural areas where grid electricity is not economically or geographically feasible, renewable energy sources appear to be one of the most effective solutions. However, the fluctuating nature and the high cost of kWhr units produced make the system unreliable and not easily affordable to the rural dwellers. This paper discussed the feasibility of renewable energy hybrid system and proposed a reliable independent Hybrid Power System (HPS) for rural application in Nigeria. Erin-Ijesha a typical rural village in Osun State, Nigeria was used as a case study. Solar irradiation, the hydro potential of the waterfall and load patterns were collected and analyzed for the study area. The electrical load for the village was estimated through the use of questionnaires. HOMER energy modeling software was used to develop the simulation models. The optimized results showed that mini-hydro-photovoltaic-battery combination with Cost of Energy, COE of $0.218/kWh is better than any other combinations considered in the work. It was revealed that purchasing electricity from the grid is better than any other hybrid combinations in terms of COE at $0.121/kWh. Nevertheless, from the result obtained, the HPS is considered cost-efficient and reliable in such rural areas especially where grid extension is geographically or economically infeasible.
Application of Electrical Resistivity Method in Site Characterization along Ado – Afao Road, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: O. Ilugbo S. , D. Adebiyi A. , O. Olaogun S. , Egunjobi T.
Published: October 2019

A geophysical study was carried out at a proposed location for the construction of a structure along Ado-Afao road, Southwestern Nigeria. The aim of the study is to evaluate the electrical properties of the soil for Founding of Engineering structures. The geophysical investigation involved the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique using the Schlumberger configuration with a total of twenty-one (21) VES within the investigated area. The electrode separation varies from 1 to 100 m. The geoelectric sections identified three to five geoelectric/geologic subsurface layers along the traverses. The topsoil comprising of clay, clayey sand and sandy clay with the resistivity values range from 28 to 800 Ω-m with its thickness varying from 0.4 to 1.9 m. The second layer was found to be lateritic with resistivity ranging between 200 to 800 Ω-m and thickness ranges from 1 to 7.5 m while the weathered layer comprising of clay, clayey sand and sandy clay with resistivity varies from 30 to 220 Ω-m and its thickness varies from 1.2 to 54 m. The fractured basement with resistivity value of 763 Ωm and thickness value of 8m while the fresh basement has a resistivity value ranging from 365 to 2964 Ωm with depth to basement ranging from 8 to 58 m. The resistivity values of the topsoil are indicative of clay, sandy clay and clayey sand. This layer may not be of any special interest since topsoil is normally excavated. Hence, foundation of the proposed structures cannot be found on this layer. Based on the investigation, the subsurface of the study area can be generally classified as incompetent. There is a presence of lateral inhomogeneity of the subsurface layers and geologic features such as fractures and faults. The construction in the area should be founded on the lateritic layer or fresh basement layer coupled with pile foundation to ensure the stability of the building. The choice of foundation material, clay content and topography elevation should be put into consideration.