bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Type-II Diabetes Prediction by using Classification and Novel based Method (AWOD)
Authors: Aleena Farooq  , Muhammad Kamran Abid  , Wasif Akbar  , Hafiz Humza  , Naeem Aslam
Published: February 2023

Type II diabetes is the deadliest disease. It must be identified early to be cured. Prediction models for detection systems typically use common parameters that might not be suitable for all individuals with various health conditions. As a result, this study suggests a way for diabetes type II prediction using variables that reflect individual health issues. More specifically, this work proposes a unique prediction method called Average Weighted Objective Distance (AWOD) based on the idea that the person has a variety of health states coming from a variety of individual characteristics, which is a need for an efficient prediction model. Using information gain to expose significant and inconsequential individual components with varying priorities, denoted by distinct weights (AWOD), modifies Weighted Objective Distance (WOD). To calculate AWOD, the data set is split into a training set and a testing set. The training set is utilized to establish all significant thresholds and constant values. In particular, binary classification issues with a small dataset are developed by AWOD. Two open-source datasets, Pima Indians Diabetes (First Dataset) and Mendeley Data for Diabetes (Second dataset) are examined to validate the suggested methodology. With machine learning-based prediction techniques like (K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, and Random Forest), the prediction performance for both datasets is compared, including statistical measures: Accuracy, Sensitivity, and specificity. The AUC-ROC curve graph reveals how well the model can differentiate across classes for all ML classifiers. The comparison findings demonstrated that the ML classifiers resulted in poor accuracy for the first Dataset. Although better for the second Dataset, the proposed method had greater accuracy than other machine learning based methods, with 95.26 percent and 99.01 percent for Datasets I and II, respectively.
Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah Dan Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru Smp Negeri 19 Dumai
Authors: Rozi Tasari
Published: February 2023

Kinerja seorang pendidik dapat dilihat dan dinilai sebagai dampak dan stimulus respon terhadap perilaku yang telah dilaksanakan dalam menjalankan tugasnya, apabila kinerja seorang pendidik sebagai guru belum sesuai dengan standart kompetensi kepribadian maka diperlukan adanya supervisi oleh kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor serta pemangku jabatan tertinggi dalam sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh supervisi akademik dan kompetensi kepribadian terhadap kinerja guru SMPN 19 Dumai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif yang bersifat koresional dengan mengumpulkan semua data yang berkaitan, meski ada beberapa data kualitatif sebagai faktor pendukung kevalidan data lainnya seperti observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data primer yang didapatkan secara langsung dari penyebaran kuisioner terhadap 16 responden. Sedangkan analisa yang dipakai menggunakan Analisis Deskriptif serta Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda dengan bantuan Sofware SPSS 21.0 Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  secara serentak supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dan Kompetensi Kepribadian guru  berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja guru SMPN 19 Dumai, dengan kontribusi sebesar 98%. Artinya kontribusi ini cukup besar
Trade Expansion, International Competitiveness and the Pursuit of Export Diversification in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Rakhal
Published: February 2023

While export diversification has been central to many policy dialogues in Bangladesh, little effort has been made to investigate international competitiveness of major export sectors using longitudinal data. This paper contributes to the export diversification literature by measuring and comparing international export competitiveness of five major export sectors in Bangladesh employing data from 1980 to 2013. The expansion of readymade garments export from Bangladesh has been phenomenal. Exports of fish and seafood also increased slowly. The exports of other three sectors, however, declined. While three of the five sectors considered in this study enjoyed international competitiveness, the export competitiveness of only two sectors increased over time. These results underscore export diversification challenges faced by Bangladesh and possible pathways.
Recuperação com Base em Checkpointing: uma Abordagem Orientada a Objetos
Authors: Silva Francisco Assis da , Jansch-Pôrto Ingrid , Lisbôa Maria Lúcia
Published: February 2023

A recuperação de processos visa propiciar maior disponibilidade para aplicações computacionais, minimizando o tempo total de execução quando da ocorrência de falhas. Com o advento do paradigma da orientação a objetos, novos problemas foram introduzidos na atividade de recuperação quanto aos mecanismos de salvamento de estados e retomada da execução. Tendo em vista prover tolerância a falhas para aplicações computacionais na presença de falhas do sistema, e contribuir na execução do processo de recuperação de aplicações orientadas a objetos escritas em Java, objetiva-se neste trabalho o desenvolvimento de uma biblioteca que implementa os mecanismos de checkpointing e recuperação. Para a concepção do trabalho, são considerados ambos os cenários no paradigma orientado a objetos: objetos centralizados e distribuídos. São utilizados os recursos da API de serialização Java e a tecnologia Java RMI para objetos distribuídos. Neste artigo, é descrita a biblioteca proposta; são comentados alguns aspectos de implementação e resultados obtidos a partir da avaliação funcional e de desempenho temporal dos mecanismos. A apresentação de conceitos básicos restringe-se aos relacionados à área de orientação a objetos empregados no artigo.
Simulation of a Distributed Connectivity Algorithm for General Topology Networks
Authors: Duarte Jr. Elias Procópio , Weber Andréa
Published: February 2023

The Distributed Network Connectivity algorithm allows every node in a general topology network to determine to which portions of the network it is connected, and which portions are unreachable. The algorithm consists of three phases: test, dissemination, and connectivity computation. During the testing phase each fault-free node tests all its neighbors at each testing interval. Upon the detection of a new fault event, the tester starts the dissemination phase, in which a reliable broadcast algorithm is employed to inform the other connected nodes about the event. At any time, any working node may run the third phase, in which a graph connectivity algorithm shows the complete network connectivity. Extensive simulation results are presented, considering various topologies such as the hypercube and random graphs. Results are compared to those of other algorithms.
Proposta de uma abordagem para a verificação formal de Sistemas Distribuídos Baseados em Objetos
Authors: Santos Osmar Marchi dos , Dotti Fernando Luís
Published: February 2023

Este artigo propõe uma abordagem para a verificação formal, através da técnica de verificação de modelos, de Sistemas Distribuídos Baseados em Objetos (SDBOs). A linguagem de descrição utilizada para modelar SDBOs é uma forma restrita de Gramática de Grafos, um formalismo gráfico, declarativo, e que suporta paralelismo implícito. Esta linguagem, chamada Gramática de Grafos Baseada em Objetos (GGBO), é brevemente apresentada. Os modelos descritos na GGBO são mapeados para a linguagem de descrição PROMELA (PROtocol/PROcess MEta LAnguage), usada pelo verificador de modelos SPIN (Simple Promela INterpreter). Este mapeamento é descrito. A partir disso, propriedades sobre modelos descritos na GGBO podem ser especificadas e verificadas através do SPIN. Um exemplo de descrição na GGBO é apresentado e mapeado.
Uma Arquitetura Altamente Disponível Aplicada a Sistemas de Controle Embutidos de Tempo Real
Authors: Ida Cesar Ossamu , Weber Taisy Silva
Published: February 2023

Uma arquitetura baseada em redundância de controladores para aumentar a segurança (safety) e disponibilidade de sistemas embutidos de tempo real é apresentada. Dois controladores (de prateleira) processam os mesmos dados de entrada e os dados computados são comparados, como forma de detecção de erros. Quando um erro é detectado, uma rotina de diagnóstico tenta identificar sua localidade. Isto pode demorar alguns ciclos de controle, o que viola a propriedade de tempo real da aplicação controlada; entretanto, a violação pode ocorrer na classe de aplicações embutidas sendo considerada, desde que não cause o colapso do processo controlado.
Uma Implementação Tolerante a Faltas e Transparente da Plataforma J2EE
Authors: Costa André Andrade , Brasileiro Francisco Vilar
Published: February 2023

Um grande número de aplicações distribuídas tem seu projeto e implementação sustentados por plataformas de desenvolvimento. Estas plataformas provêm uma série de serviços especializados, permitindo assim que os programadores possam se concentrar mais nas regras de negócio das aplicações que desenvolvem. Atualmente a plataforma J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) da SUN Microsystems é uma das mais populares para este fim. Infelizmente tolerância a faltas, um requisito não funcional cada vez mais presente nas aplicações, não é diretamente suportada pela especificação J2EE. Aplicações desenvolvidas sobre essa plataforma devem, elas mesmas, implementar os mecanismos para tolerância a faltas requeridos, ou usar implementações da plataforma que possuam características de tolerância a faltas. Neste artigo nós apresentamos o projeto e a implementação de um servidor de aplicações J2EE que implementa esses mecanismos. Diferentemente de outras soluções disponíveis, o nosso sistema provê alta confiabilidade de forma totalmente transparente para as aplicações.
Validando Sistemas Distribuídos Desenvolvidos em Java Utilizando Injeção de Falhas de Comunicação por Software
Authors: Jacques-Silva Gabriela , Moraes Regina Lúcia de O. , Weber Taisy Silva , Martins Eliane
Published: February 2023

Aplicações distribuídas em Java usadas em sistemas de alta disponibilidade exigem que mecanismos de tolerância a falhas sejam validados, para não apresentarem um comportamento inesperado no momento em que são requisitados no ambiente operacional. Jaca é uma ferramenta de injeção de falhas para validação experimental de aplicações Java. Em sua primeira versão, Jaca apresentava três classes de falhas, baseadas em falhas de interface. Este trabalho apresenta a expansão do modelo de falhas de Jaca para falhas de comunicação. Essa extensão permite o uso dessa ferramenta na condução de experimentos de validação em sistemas distribuídos.
Improving Fault Tolerance to Radiation Effects in Integrated Systems
Authors: Neuberger Gustavo , Kastensmidt Fernanda , Reis Ricardo
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the radiation effects in integrated systems and discusses some techniques to mitigate these effects. The main circuits analyzed are SRAM memories and SRAM-based FPGAs. New techniques used to protect these circuits against these effects are also proposed in this work. One of the presented techniques to protect FPGAs is based on a combination of Double Modular Redundancy (DMR) with Concurrent Error Detection (CED) that can reduce overheads comparing to Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). In the case of SRAM memories, a technique based on the Reed-Solomon Code and Hamming Code was developed, as well as a tool to generate a core for fault-tolerance that minimizes the area cost of the code. Some results are presented.
Avaliação de um Mecanismo de Checkpointing para o MyGrid
Authors: Balbinot Jeysonn Isaac , Jansch-Pôrto Ingrid , Silva Hélio Miranda , Weber Taisy Silva
Published: February 2023

A heterogeneidade, complexidade e diversidade de software e hardware dos grids tornam a probabilidade de defeitos maior que em sistemas distribuídos tradicionais. O MyGrid é um middleware que dá suporte à execução de aplicações do tipo Bag-of-Tasks em um grid. O controle das aplicações é feito por um nodo central que se torna ponto único de falha. Para evitar a perda de computação no caso de colapso deste, foi proposto um mecanismo de recuperação por retorno vinculado ao código do escalonador. Este trabalho avalia, via simulação, o impacto deste mecanismo no desempenho das aplicações, utilizando a ferramenta SimGrid.
FIRMI: Um Injetor de Falhas para a Avaliação de Aplicações Distribuídas baseadas em RMI
Authors: Vacaro Juliano C. , Weber Taisy S.
Published: February 2023

Aplicações distribuídas baseadas em RMI que precisem atender a requisitos de dependabilidade, devem demonstrar na fase de testes que operam corretamente mesmo na presença de falhas no subsistema de comunicação. Exceções geradas por RMI em resposta a falhas de comunicação devem ser capturadas pela aplicação e devidamente tratadas. Para provocar a ocorrência destas exceções e assim testar as estratégias de tratamento de erros da aplicação, falhas são injetadas durante a fase de testes e o comportamento do sistema sob o efeito destas falhas é observado. Este artigo apresenta um injetor de falhas para a avaliação de aplicações que usam o protocolo RMI. O artigo descreve as técnicas empregadas e demonstra as funcionalidades do injetor através da condução de um experimento.
Um Método Baseado em Reuso Para o Desenvolvimento de Sistemas Confiáveis Baseados em Componentes
Authors: Brito Patrick H. da S. , Guerra Paulo Asterio de Castro , Rubira Cecília M. F.
Published: February 2023

O mercado de software está cada vez mais sujeito a fortes restrições de prazos e custos. Além disso, com a intensificação do uso de sistemas computacionais em atividades essenciais, exige-se cada vez mais qualidade e confiança no funcionamento dos sistemas. Por agilizar o desenvolvimento e reduzir o seu custo a longo prazo, o desenvolvimento baseado em componentes (DBC) vem sendo adotado largamente. Porém, se não for feita de forma sistemática, a reutilização pode comprometer a confiabilidade do sistema. Este artigo propõe um método de DBC que visa maximizar a reutilização de componentes prontos durante o desenvolvimento, aumentando ao mesmo tempo a confiabilidade do sistema final. Para isso, é adotada uma abordagem centrada na arquitetura que atua de três formas complementares: (i) uniformidade na estruturação dos elementos arquiteturais considerados críticos; (ii) separação de interesse entre os comportamentos normal e excepcional; e (iii) preocupação sistemática com o comportamento excepcional desde o início do ciclo de vida do software. A abordagem proposta nesse artigo foi avaliada através de um estudo de caso de uma aplicação financeira real.
Comparison of 3D-Conformal Planning Using Partially Wide Tangents and Direct Photon/Electron Portals for Breast Radiotherapy with Internal Mammary Nodes Inclusion: A Dosimetric Analysis
Authors: Farhan Farshid , Sehat Kashani Sepideh , Amouzegar-Hashemi Farnaz , Haddad Peiman , Babaei Mohammad , Esmati Ebrahim , Ghalehtaki Reza , Nabavi Mansoureh , Jafari Fatemeh
Published: February 2023

Background: Internal mammary lymph nodes (IMNs) are a potential site of metastasis for breast cancer. Targeting IMNs as part of a comprehensive regional nodal irradiation comes at the cost of higher unwanted doses to critical nearby organs at risk. Thus, the efficacy and safety of different radiotherapy techniques for the coverage of this area remain elusive. Objectives: We present a dosimetric comparison between partially wide tangents (PWT) and direct photon/electron (P/E) portals in terms of target volume coverage and normal tissue sparing. Methods: Patients with left-sided breast cancer, who were referred to our clinic for post-lumpectomy or post-mastectomy radiotherapy, underwent computed tomography (CT) simulation. The left breast and IMNs, heart, lung, right breast, and esophagus were contoured. Dosimetric comparisons were based on dose-volume histograms (DVHs) generated for all of the aforementioned organs. A subgroup analysis was also performed based on patients’ type of surgical treatment. Results: A total of 30 patients (10 with breast conserving surgery and 20 with modified radical mastectomy) were included. The P/E plan provided a higher coverage of the left breast (P-value of CTV V105%: < 0.001) and IMNs with a P-value of 0.087 regarding the mean dose received by IMNs, and also less volume of the heart (P-value of Heart V30Gy: 0.021), and lungs (P-value of Lung V20Gy: 0.003) were irradiated. However, these advantages came at the cost of a higher dose to the esophagus and right breast and more hotspots compared to the PWT technique. Conclusions: The P/E technique had advantages regarding target volume coverage and toxicity regardless of the type of surgery. Based on the results of this study, overall, the P/E portal is superior to the PWT for radiotherapy of breast cancer with internal mammary node inclusion. However, the appropriate treatment plan should be decided on a case-by-case basis.
Evaluating the Effects of Low-level Laser Therapy and Platelet-rich Plasma on Bone Calcium Content and Mechanical Properties at Tooth Extraction Sites: An Animal Study
Authors: Sharifi Alireza , Talaei-Khozani Tahereh , Tanideh Nader , Khaje Zadeh Hossein , Haghighat Meysam , Shahsavari-Pour Sheila , Tavanafar Saeid
Published: February 2023

Background: Both low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are demonstrated to promote the repair of mandibular defects. Objectives: This study investigated the mechanical properties and calcium content at the tooth extraction site in a rat model exposed to LLLT (λ = 808 nm) with or without PRP. Methods: In this experimental rat model study, the left first molar maxillary teeth were extracted in twenty male rats. Then, the animals were randomly divided into four groups. Group one: after extraction, the extraction sockets were treated with 0.9 W gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser irradiation for five minutes every 72 hours for the next 12 days (4 times overall); group two: PRP was placed in the extraction sockets; group three: a combination of both treatments (LLLT+PRP) was applied; group four: the extraction sockets remained untreated (the control group). All rats were sacrificed 30 days post-operative. All bone blocks of the extracted socket were prepared for mechanical strength and calcium content analyses. Mann-Whitney test, one-way ANOVA test, and post hoc Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) were used to analyze the data. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. All analyses were performed by SPSS 16.0. The graph is illustrated in the graph pad 5. Results: The compressive strength in the laser group was significantly higher than in the control and PRP-treated groups (P = 0.0001 and 0.00044, respectively). Compared to the control and PRP groups, the effects of a combination of PRP and LLLT mechanical strength were statistically similar. Calcium content was influenced by none of the treatments. Conclusions: The mechanical strength of the bone blocks was significantly stronger in the LLLT group than in the other groups. Platelet-rich plasma alone or combined with LLLT demonstrated a synergistic impact on neither mechanical strength nor calcium content.
The powerless engineer: questioning approaches to teaching social responsibility
Authors: Wint Natalie
Published: February 2023

In recent years there has been growing emphasis on the requirement for engineers to contribute toward the complex socio-technological challenges confronted by society. The need for a more holistic understanding of the societal impact of engineering has been highlighted by government, professional institutions and industry, and has strengthened calls for a widening of engineering curricula. Despite this, there is evidence to suggest that the higher education (HE) sector is not producing socially responsible engineering graduates. This study explores potential barriers to the development of socially responsible, culturally aware engineers. In so doing, it draws upon student feedback and reflections from a UK based engineering design course which makes use of the Engineers Without Borders UK Design for People Challenge, and which focuses on human centered, sustainable design. The findings are discussed in the context of theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour. It is argued that engineering culture and curriculum act to discourage alternative modes of thought which leave students powerless in their ability to enact meaningful change. Alternative modes of teaching and learning are discussed.
Mind the gap - students’ perspective on relevant competencies needed and gained in engineering education
Authors: Winkens Ann-Kristin , Lemke Clara , Leicht-Scholten Carmen
Published: February 2023

There are numerous discourses about competencies of future engineers as well as the challenge to learn, teach and assess them. In particular, this applies for the question of which competencies – besides technical knowledge and understanding – are relevant for future engineers in order to responsibly address the needs of society. This paper contains the initial results of an ongoing research project which aims to investigate engineering students’ competencies and their perception thereof. In the context of a recurring engineering master's seminar at RWTH Aachen University the participants conducted interviews with a total of 41 students from outside the course. The interview subjects were themselves master's students from diverse engineering programs. In the interviews, the subjects were asked by their peers, among other things, which competencies they consider relevant for engineers and to what extent they have acquired these in their studies. The answers to those questions are evaluated and discussed in this work. The results show gaps in the acquisition of competencies – from the students' point of view – and in particular a discrepancy between the perceived relevance of competencies and the acquisition of these in the study programs. Besides problem solving, and technical knowledge and understanding, students pointed out that social competencies, such as communication and teamwork are particularly relevant. At the same time, they saw a lack of acquisition of these competencies in their study. The same applies for missing integration of knowledge into practical application.
Reflection in action: a critical reflection tool to help students deal with uncertainties in designing solutions for complex problems
Authors: Wehrmann Caroline , Smits Casper
Published: February 2023

At Delft University of Technology (DUT) in the Netherlands, multi-disciplinary teams of students collaborate with professionals in living labs to design solutions for real-life complex problems in technological innovation processes. Students are guided by a lecturer through the four phases of design to “cut through” the complexity of the problem. However, in these 'ill-defined wicked problems' nobody has an overall picture of the problem and students face many uncertainties. These uncertainties are often perceived as a barrier for decision-making within the design process. A reflection tool, based on theoretical insights in transformative and triple-loop learning, is developed to help students critically reflect in action, providing them with options to deal with their uncertainties. We distinguish between task, social, and individual uncertainty. In this study, the central question is: How can the reflection tool help students deal with their uncertainties in solving complex problems in DUT living labs. By means of surveys and interviews we monitored students in two living labs, one with bachelor and one with master students. We focused on what kind of uncertainties they encountered, how they dealt with these uncertainties and how the reflection tool supports them in this regard. Analysis of the data shows that students perceived all types of uncertainty in the various phases of the design process. By means of the reflection tool students gradually became aware of the many options they have in dealing with uncertainties, and particularly how these pertain to their decision-making in the design process.
An investigation on integration of computational thinking into engineering curriculum at Delft University of Technology
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Specht Marcus , Valle Torre Manuel
Published: February 2023

Our life is surrounded by digital devices. Engineering education is one of the cornerstones in higher education for future generations and computational thinking (CT) is deemed as a core component in various engineering curricula. The Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), is the largest technical university in the Netherlands and computing; computational concepts and activities have been integrated into curriculum for years at TU Delft. However, there is not a comprehensive investigation on integration of CT into Engineering Curriculum, this paper presents a case study of Master’s level engineering curricula investigating: 1) to what extend CT components are integrated; 2) in what way CT is interpreted and integrated in the curriculum; 3) what educational and assessment methods have been used. The results show that CT has been largely integrated into the investigated curriculum mostly with lectures being the educational method and programming assignments as a method for the assessment. Our analysis shows that understanding the context and patterns in problems and solutions was important in different courses and engineering disciplines, indicating possible directions for integration of CT into curriculum.
Advanced mathematical skills and relating factors of engineering applicants: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Vierula Jonna , Tiili Juho , Björkman Jouni , Ojanen Jussi , Miekkala Ulla , Talman Kirsi
Published: February 2023

Higher education institutions assess applicants with entrance examinations as a way to identify and rank those applicants with adequate ability to proceed in their studies. Engineering students form a significant group of higher education students, both in Europe and Finland. Finnish universities of applied sciences (UASs) developed and harmonised their student selection in the Development Project in 2017–2020. In the Development Project, a new national digital universities of applied sciences entrance examination (UAS Exam) was developed. In the current study, a cross-sectional design was used to assess advanced mathematical skills and related factors of the bachelor-level engineering applicants performing the newly developed UAS Exam. The advanced mathematical skills exam section contains mathematics and physics problems. The data were collected via the digital exam system. Altogether, 1205 engineering applicants consented to the study and performed the exam section. The data were statistically analysed. The applicants’ mean scores were 4.8 (SD 5.2, median 3.9, range -4.9–20 pts) out of 20 maximum points. Over 20% of the applicants failed. Some of the background variables explain the applicants’ exam results, indicating that older applicants scored better than younger ones, males better than females, and high school graduates and applicants with previous higher education degrees better than those with vocational diplomas. The results indicate that engineering applicants’ advanced mathematical skills were rather poor, indicating that it may be possible that engineering applicants lack the basic skills in mathematics and physics, but this may vary between applicants.
علـي حســين ياسين
Authors: علـي حســين ياسين
Published: February 2023

أن دراسة تشكيل الحكومات العراقية بعد عام 2003 ليس بالأمر اليسر وذلك لتداعيات التشكيل على بنية الدولة والمؤسسات الرسمية وتكريسها لمبدأ المحاصصة الطائفية والعرقية وتأثيرها الكبير في طبيعة وأداء الحكومة العراقية ، فأزمة تشكيل الحكومات أبتدات من عمل مجلس الحكم الانتقالي وصولاً لانتخابات تشرين 2021 بسبب طبيعة العلاقة بين الفرقاء بوصفها علاقة تنافسية بين قادة الكتل الداخلة في البرلمان وسوء فهم لألية التفاوض، فالتفاوض بين الكتل والاحزاب السياسية هو الفرض المتبادل وليس العرض المتبادل للمطاليب والشروط والذي جعل من تلك المفاوضات غير مجدية وبالتالي لم يتحقق مبدأ التفاوض السياسي الناجح ، فضلاً عن ذلك فان الدراسة تبحث عن تداعيات التأخر في تشكيل الحكومة على تدني الاداء الحكومي والخوف من تاثير ذلك على الامن القومي العراقي وأعطاء فرصة للقوى الخارجية للتدخل في الشأن الداخلي ، وبيان مدى الاستفادة من التنوع الاثني والقومي في حسم المسائل الخلافية لصياغة هوية وطنية جامعة تنعكس بشكل ايجابي تجاه الاداء الحكومي .
تمكين المرأة العراقية في التنمية البشرية بين الواقع والطموح
Authors: اثمار شاكر مجيد الشطري  , حسين خليل ابراهيم
Published: February 2023

عاش المجتمع العراقي في ظروف في غاية الصعوبة لاسيما بعد عام2003 وما نتج عنها من آثار سلبية انعكست على نحو واضح على دور المرأة ومدى تمكينها في مجالات الحياة المختلفة ، اذ تراجعت مكانة المرأة وآخذت تعاني من مشاكل كبيرة في الحصول على حقوقها المسلوبة، على الرغم من جود منظمات وهيئات دولية تدعم حق المرأة ، لكنها في المجتمع العراقي لازالت تسيطر عليها افكار السلطة الذكورية التي تحرمها من المشاركة في اتخاذ القرار وفي الحصول على مكانتها المرموقة، ولازالت النظرة الى المرأة هي نظرة دونية ومعززة بمعتقدات عشائرية ودينية، وبذلك واجهت المرأة العراقية هذا الواقع بكل قوة واثبتت للعالم انها رقما صعباً للمعادلة الاجتماعية ففرضت نفسها في الكثير من جوانب الحياة سواء أكانت السياسية او الاجتماعية، لذا يهدف هذا الموضوع الى التعرف على واقع المرأة العراقية واهم المعوقات التي تقف في عدم تمكينها في المجتمع. والتعريف بدور الامم المتحدة والمنظمات الانسانية في مجال دعم وتمكين المرأة. وتقديم مؤشرات احصائية على ضوء مقياس تمكين المرأة العراقية. وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج منها ان المرأة العراقية تحتاج الى تمكين عام يشمل التنمية الشاملة بكل مفاصلها على المستويات المختلفة ( كالصحة والتعليم والرعاية الاجتماعية والسكن والجانب الاقتصادي)، واتضح من البحث ان نسبة مشاركة المرأة في الحكومة لا زالت ضعيفة ، ولاسيما في الجانب السياسي فأن تمثيلها محدود جدا بمواقع بسيطة لا ترتقي الى مكانتها الحقيقية.
المشاركة السياسية للمرأة الأردنية بين السياسات والتشريعات والاعراف الاجتماعية ( مسارات التحول والمستقبل)
Authors: محمد سعيد" صلاح عثامنه  , صباح يوسف المقابلة
Published: February 2023

يهدف هذه البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على مسارات المشاركة السياسية للمرأة الأردنية ودور السياسات والتشريعات في تعزيز وتمكين المرأة للوصول الى جميع المواقع التشريعية والقيادية والادارية والتي سمح لها الدستور والقوانين الناظمة للحياة السياسية في الاردن. ومع تعدد الجهات المطالبة بتمكين المرأة والمساواة وكل ما يتعلق بالمرأة من تشريعات وتعديلات وما بين الاعراف الاجتماعية والنظرة المجتمعية للمرأة ودورها في المجتمع. والتعرف الى المعيقات والتحديات التي تقف امام مشاركة المرأة، ثم نظرة مستقبلية الى تعزيز وتمكين المرأة الاردنية في كل قطاعات الدولة. أظهرت الدراسة أن السياسات والتشريعات والاعراف الاجتماعية والثقافية والإعلامية ما زالت متجذرة وتلعب دورها في تعزيز ودعم المشاركة السياسية للمراة الاردنية. لذا أوصت الدراسة من خلال ما توصلت إليه من نتائج بأن المسؤولية كذلك تقع على عاتق المرأة نفسها، فهي ما زالت لا تنتخب جنسها، لذا يجب أن تستفيد من المواقع التي منحتها لها الحكومة من خلال نظام الانتخاب المعدل "نظام الكوتا"، ومن المواقع التي وصلت إليها من خلال التعيين، وذلك للمساعدة في تغيير النظرة المجتمعة للمرأة بالمساهمة منها من خلال وجودها في المواقع المختلفة.
Propositions: Who Needs Them?
Authors: Smith R. Scott ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: February 2023

William Lane Craig maintains that propositions and properties are not real. Yet, if we examine his proposed nominalism and his appeal to Rudolf Carnap’s linguistic frameworks, we can find that his view depends upon their reality, even as abstract objects. By drawing upon phenomenological insights, I argue that if we pay close attention to what can be before our minds in conscious awareness, we can become aware that there is more to what is real than simple, concrete particulars, even in his linguistic examples. We can become aware of the reality of Platonic, ante rem universals, including propositions and properties.
Is Aquinas’s Doctrine of Analogy Really Unintelligible?
Authors: Hinton Timothy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2023

Thomas Williams maintains that the doctrine of analogy is unintelligible. In this paper, I scrutinize and reject Williams’s argument for that claim insofar as it applies to Thomas Aquinas’s particular version of the doctrine. After laying out Williams’s critique, I present an account of Aquinas’s conception of analogy. I identify three components of it: a semantic part, a metaphysical part, and a distinctive conception of inference. I briefly explain how all three of these components play a role in Aquinas’s philosophical theology. On the basis of these ideas, I proceed to demonstrate how Williams’s argument against analogy, understood as a set of reasons for rejecting Aquinas’s version of it, fails completely. I end by pointing out how hard it appears for anyone who rejects the doctrine of analogy to keep faith with the idea of creation ex nihilo.
Regulations of Shariah Audit for Islamic Financial Institutions
Authors: Yahya Yazkhiruni , Abu Hasan Haslida , Dato’ Mahzan Nurmazilah
Published: February 2023

Malaysia is well known for its Islamic capital market and is leading in the Islamic banking industry. Being an Islamic country, Malaysia emphasizes on the purification of its money market to provide Muslims society with halal source of finance. Although Malaysia is leading the industry, shariah auditing is still in need of good governance and direction to best achieve its potential. The Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM) is the key regulator of Malaysian IFIs and shariah auditing practices besides several other institutions which their rules and regulations have been adapted to suit shariah requirement. Thus, this article is written with an aim to provide readers on the extant of regulations surrounding shariah auditing practices in Malaysia, issues arises and opportunity for improvements. Utilizing archival/ historical search, various documents have been reviewed comprises diverse literatures and scholarlydiscussiononshariah auditing issues. Three main issues have been identified for attention (i) competency and skills requirements of internal auditor conducting shariah audit and ambiguous guidelines to specify the competency level; (ii) absent of a structured shariah auditing framework; and (iii) roles perception gap, where shariah audit and review were reported to be conducted only by shariah committee and external auditors. In conclusion, this study raised awareness on the importance of shariah auditing education to overcome most of the issues highlighted.
Disclosure of Non-Financial Information in Discharging Accountability of Waqf Trustee
Authors: Md. Salleh Mohd Fairuz , Ahmad Azlina , Basnan Norida , Mohd Harun Azizah , Wahid Hairunnizam , Abdul Wahab Ainol Basirah
Published: February 2023

As trustees, waqf institutions are not only accountable to Allah SWT but also to individuals and society. It has been recognised in prior studies that financial reports are the main medium to discharge accountability. In order to discharge the dual accountability obligation, financial information alone is insufficient. Instead, non- financial information also needs to be disclosed in the financial report. Through questionnaire survey to accountants and management of waqf institutions, auditors, academicians and representatives of accounting professional bodies in Malaysia, this paper has identified the importance of disclosure of a list of non-financial information related to waqf. Overall, the results show that almost 90 percent of the non-financial information is regarded as having high level of disclosure importance. It is identified that the most important item for disclosure is the information within the category related to accounting policy whilst the least important information for disclosure is the information within the category of employee and employment. The findings indicate the importance of justification of accounting figures as well as explanation of the performance of waqf assets management and social responsibility of waqf institutions. The findings may be used, particularly by waqf trustees, as disclosure guidelines for better discharging accountability through reporting. Keywords: Islamic accountability, Accountability reporting, Disclosure of non- financial information, Accounting for waqf, Waqf
Person-Oriented Leadership Enhancing Employee Outcomes
Authors: Nyuk Chong @ Albertus Alvianny Voo , Mohd Soffian Lee Umi Hamidaton , Ismail Azman , Yazid Zaleha , Ahmad Nursaadatun Nisak
Published: February 2023

This study evaluates the relationship between person-oriented leadership and employee outcomes. Person-oriented leadership requires leaders to build and maintain their relation with the employees. In order to accomplish organizational goals, the leader need to understand that having a strong bond with the employee is important. Therefore this research focuses on the effect of person-oriented leadership on employee outcome. The data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 200 employees in different divisions and departments at a public research university in Malaysia. The result of the SmartPLS path analysis model displayed four findings: first, participative leadership style was significantly associated with job satisfaction. Second, consultative leadership style was significantly associated with job satisfaction. Third, participative leadership style was significantly associated with organizational commitment. Fourth, consultative leadership style was significantly associated with organizational commitment. These findings demonstrate that it is important for leaders to implement participative and consultative leadership style during their day-to-day job operations, in order to ensure job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees in organization. Keywords: participative style, consultative style, job satisfaction, organizational commitment
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES REGARDING COVID-19 PREVENTION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Authors: Phan Viet Hung , Tran Duc Long , Tran Cong Ly
Published: February 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting all over the world; medical students are a successor force, providing great support to the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: to assess the completeness of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of COVID19 prevention as well as utilize factors influencing the good practices of medical students at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Materials and methods: A 2-week cross-sectional study (from October 1 to October 15, 2021) was conducted among 729 of 4th and 6th – year medical students at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy through an online survey with a set of 36 questions. Results: The score of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was moderately high (17.61±4.55). The percentage of students with good general knowledge (overall score ≥11) was 56.2%. Approximately 97.5% of the participants had positive attitudes about complying with disease prevention measures. There were 94.2% of students had good practices with preventive measures. The study showed that 2 factors related to good practices were good sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes (p<0.05). Students with sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes performed better than students with insufficient knowledge and negative attitudes by 2.4 times (95% confidence interval: 1.18-4.8) and 7.2 times (95% confidence interval: 2.5-21.9), respectively. Conclusions: The majority of students had enough knowledge (56.2%), positive attitudes (97.5%) and good practices (94.2%) in COVID-19 prevention. High FCV-19S, females, sufficient knowledge, and positive attitudes had a significant correlation with good practices.
MEDICAL STUDENT'S MENSTRUAL CYCLE: THE UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS
Authors: Vi Thuc , Pham Nguyen Phuong Dai , Tran Nhan Kiet , Truong Huu Duc , Nguyen Thi Yen Ngoc , Banh Thi Ngoc Truc , Pham Hoang Khanh , Nguyen Hoang Tin
Published: February 2023

Background: The menstrual cycle is a health indicator in women. The change in health makes female students feel less confident in communicating, studying, and living. Therefore, the study on the characteristics of the menstrual cycle in female medical students brings many practical meanings by figuring conclusions and solutions to improve both physiological and mental discomforts for women during menstruation. Objectives: Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy (CTUMP) 3rd year medical students were studied for the characteristics, the abnormalities of the menstrual cycle, and the premenstrual syndrome. Materials and methods: The design of a cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis by direct interview method was conducted on 126 female 3rd year medical students at CTUMP. Results: Long menstrual cycle time accounted for 38.1% of subjects, while short menstrual cycle time accounted for 0.8%. The study also found that the average menstrual period was 5.00±1.34 days. The premenstrual syndrome was observed in 47.3% of students, with abdominal pain and low back pain accounted for the highest rate (63.5%), and headache accounted for the lowest rate (9.5%). Menorrhagia had a low prevalence (7.1%), whereas menstrual cramp was much more common (60.3%). Conclusions: Long menstrual cycles occurred at a high rate among medical students. Abdominal pain and low back pain were the most common symptoms before menstruation. Menstrual cramp was the most common abnormality of the menstrual cycle among CTUMP female medical students.
GIÁ TRỊ CỦA GLUCOSE MÁU, BẠCH CẦU MÁU TRONG TIÊN LƯỢNG BỆNH NHÂN CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO TẠI KHOA CẤP CỨU BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG TÂM AN GIANG 2021
Authors: Tạ Hoàng Thanh Phụng
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Việc xác định tổn thương và tiên lượng sớm ở bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não vẫn là một nhiệm vụ khó khăn. Chúng tôi đặt ra mục tiêu xác định xem liệu bạch cầu và glucose máu có tương quan đến mức độ nặng của chấn thương sọ não và kết cục hay không và xác định ngưỡng glucose máu và bạch cầu máu với độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu cao nhất. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định mối tương quan của glucose máu, bạch cầu máu và ngưỡng cắt trong tiên lượng bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não và nhập khoa Cấp Cứu bệnh viện Đa Khoa Trung tâm An Giang. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện với 166 bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não do mọi nguyên nhân nhập Cấp cứu Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung tâm An Giang từ tháng 1/2021 đến 6/2021. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình chung của bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não là 46±18 tuổi, nhóm tai nạn sinh hoạt có tuổi trung bình cao nhất 60±15; nhóm tai nạn giao thông nhóm tuổi 20-59 tuổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 50,6%. Có sự tương quan tuyến tính nghịch giữa thang điểm hôn mê Glasgow với nồng độ glucose máu (r=-0,434, p<0,000) và bạch cầu máu (r=-0,344, p=0,000). Diện tích dưới đường cong glucose máu và bạch cầu máu lần lượt chiếm 76% (p=0,000), 71,4% (p=0,000), điểm cut-off glucose 7,55 mmol/L với độ nhạy 82,1% và độ đặc hiệu 60%, cut-off bạch cầu 17,24 tế bào/mm3 với độ nhạy 71,4% và độ đặc hiệu 73,2% trong tiên lượng bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não. Nồng độ glucose máu và bạch cầu tăng có ý nghĩa thống kê ở nhóm bệnh nhân tử vong so với nhóm sống (p<0,000). Kết luận: Nồng độ glucose và bạch cầu có tương quan thuận với mức độ nặng của chấn thương sọ não.
KHẢO SÁT TỶ LỆ TRẦM CẢM VÀ RỐI LOẠN LO ÂU KHẢO SÁT TỶ LỆ TRẦM CẢM VÀ RỐI LOẠN LO ÂU TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG CAO TUỔI ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ
Authors: Võ Lâm Ngọc Ảnh , Lý Trí Hào , Trương Thị Trúc Linh , Thái Thị Ngọc Thúy
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiều nghiên cứu cho thấy bệnh nhân đái tháo đường có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm cao hơn so với những người không bệnh. Bên cạnh đó, trầm cảm thường kèm các rối loạn tâm thần khác như lo âu, làm tăng thêm gánh nặng bệnh tật. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỷ lệ trầm cảm và tỷ lệ rối loạn lo âu ở bệnh nhân thuộc nhóm người cao tuổi mắc bệnh đái tháo đường típ 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, trên bệnh nhân từ 60 tuổi trở lên được chẩn đoán xác định và điều trị ngoại trú ít nhất 3 tháng tại khoa Khám Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ. Thu thập số liệu từ tháng 3/2022 đến 5/2022. Sử dụng bộ câu hỏi PHQ-9 và GAD- 7 để xác định các mức độ rối loạn trầm cảm, lo âu. Kết quả: Có 91 bệnh nhân tham gia nghiên cứu, trong đó nữ chiếm 64,8%. Đa số có trình độ học vấn tiểu học (33%), thuộc nhóm tuổi 60-70 (68,1%), đã kết hôn (63,7%) và sống chung cả gia đình (89%). Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có trầm cảm là 20,9% (19 người). Tỷ lệ lo âu là 8,8% (8 người), chủ yếu mức độ nhẹ. Tỷ lệ trầm cảm có phối hợp với rối loạn lo âu là 26,32%. Kết luận: Trầm cảm, lo âu đơn lẻ, và phối hợp chiếm tỷ lệ khá cao ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 điều trị ngoại trú. Bệnh nhân nên được tầm soát định kỳ về sức khỏe tâm thần tại phòng khám.
NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH THỰC HIỆN BẢO QUẢN VẮC XIN VÀ KIẾN THỨC, THỰC HÀNH CỦA NGƯỜI QUẢN LÝ VẮC XIN TRONG HỆ THỐNG TIÊM CHỦNG MỞ RỘNG TẠI THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021
Authors: Huỳnh Văn Út Cưng , Dương Xuân Chữ , Mai Thị Thanh Thường , Nguyễn Thái Đức
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Năm 1796, nhà khoa học Jenner phát minh ra vắc xin - một loại sinh phẩm đặc biệt mang lại hiệu quả to lớn. Thành tựu trong công tác tiêm chủng tại Việt Nam không thể bỏ qua vai trò của bảo quản vắc xin. Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ kiến thức, thực hành đúng của người quản lý vắc xin và một số yếu tố liên quan trong quản lý vắc xin. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả, bằng phương pháp định tính và định lượng trên 96 cán bộ quản lý vắc xin và hồ sơ, sổ sách, trang thiết bị bằng bộ câu hỏi soạn sẵn. Xử lý số liệu bằng phần mềm SPSS 20.0. Kết quả: 97,9% tủ lạnh có đủ dung tích chứa vắc xin. Các tủ lạnh có theo dõi nhiệt độ 2 lần/ngày, kể cả ngày Lễ, Tết. Cán bộ có kiến thức chung đúng chiếm 44,8% và thực hành chung đúng chiếm 55,2%. Nhóm có tham gia các khoá đào tạo có mối liên quan với kiến thức và thực hành chung. Nhóm học vấn có mối liên quan với kiến thức và thực hành chung. Kiến thức chung và thực hành chung đúng cũng có mối liên quan. Sự khác có ý nghĩa thống kê với p<0,05. Kết luận: Tình hình bảo quản vắc xin thực hiện theo qui định. Có mối liên quan giữa kiến thức, thực hành chung với tham gia khoá đào tạo và nhóm học vấn.
KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP CHẤN THƯƠNG BỤNG KÍN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2020-2021
Authors: Hồ Thanh Huy , Nguyễn Phước Sang , Võ Văn Thi
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Chấn thương bụng kín (CTBK) là nguyên nhân gây chấn thương hàng đầu đưa trẻ đến khám và nhập viện. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Khảo sát các đặc điểm chung, đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng liên quan đến chấn thương bụng kín tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng Cần Thơ năm 2020-2021. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu trên 42 trẻ được chẩn đoán chấn thương bụng kín tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng Cần Thơ. Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình là: 9,41 tuổi. Tuổi thường gặp là nhóm 6-12 tuổi (52,4%). Tỷ lệ giới tính xấp xỉ 1:1. Nguyên nhân vào viện chiếm đa số là do tai nạn giao thông. Về lâm sàng: tỷ lệ sốc khi vào viện là 9,5%. Triệu chứng cơ năng hay gặp nhất là đau bụng (73,8%). Triệu chứng thực thể chủ yếu là ấn đau bụng khu trú/khắp bụng (70%). Các chấn thương phối hợp đa số là chấn thương chi. Về cận lâm sàng: siêu âm phát hiện nhiều nhất là hình ảnh chấn thương gan (26%). CT scan bụng phát hiện dịch ổ bụng (45%), tổn thương gan (33%) và tổn thương lách (11%). Kết luận: Đặc điểm chung hay gặp ở chấn thương bụng kín là nhóm tuổi 6-12, tai nạn giao thông là nguyên nhân đa số. Triệu chứng lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng khá đa dạng nhưng chủ yếu biểu hiện là tình trạng đau bụng, tổn thương gan, lách.