bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Digitalization in Family Caregiver Empowerment Model (FCEM) for Reducing Diabetes Incidence in Rural Areas: An App-Based Literature Review Study
Authors: Wildana Fahmi , Lutfian Lutfian , Azizah Aufa , Wardika Izdihar Javier , Ramadhani Fariza Barika , Utomo Wahyu Dwi
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition characterised by anomalies in insulin production,
action, or both, which result in hyperglycemia and insufficient management of blood
glucose levels. Patients, their families, and the healthcare system must bear a heavy
burden when it comes to the long-term management of diabetes mellitus (DM) via
medication and lifestyle changes. To lower the prevalence of diabetes, especially in
rural regions, this project aims to explore the possibility of incorporating the Family-
Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) into a digital application. Using a literature
review technique, this study gathered information from books, articles from relevant
organizations, and journal publications. The search was conducted using keywords like
Empowerment, Family, Diabetes, Telehealth, and FCEM to find sites that fit the
inclusion requirements. According to the findings, the FCEM intervention significantly
improves quality of life, psychological management, physical activity, and health
education in addition to encouraging lifestyle changes. Additionally, it raises health
literacy, which boosts psychological support, increases adherence to blood sugar
management, and lessens disease-related anxiety.
Fatty Liver, Developing Factors and the Outcomes
Authors:   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran., Babaalizadeh Behina , Bahmanyar Maryam ,   Gastroenterologist, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran, Meshkibaf Mohammad Hassan ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran., Miladpour Behnoosh ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Fatty liver has grown increasingly in recent decades. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of
chronic liver disease in the United States with a prevalence of 30% and the leading cause of liver disease with a mortality
rate of 25.2% in the world. Fatty liver is divided into two types, alcoholic and non-alcoholic. It has been reported that
44% of NAFLD patients progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) at the second biopsy, and in several countries,
hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common disease. Unfortunately, no absolute cure has yet been found. Finding out
about related diseases, genetics, lifestyle, mechanisms, and signaling pathways may have a great impact on discovering
the best ways to treat fatty liver. In this study, we tried to present the most important components in developing this
disease.
Babul Tree Peels New Powder Development of Latent Fingerprint
Authors:   Forensic Science Student, Vivekananda Global University Jaipur, Dalwale Chaitanya Ganeshsing
Published: November 2024

Fingerprint impression made by the papillary ridges on the ends of the fingers and thumbs. The powder method is a quick
and easy approach to the development of latent fingerprints on porous and nonporous surface. There are many waste
materials of plant-based (babul tree peels) that are used as a powder was applied to the latent fingerprint of different
surfaces using a hairbrush. This research study focuses on this type of powder that are used for the enhancement of ridge
characteristics to personal are clearly shown and non-porous and porous surfaces or photography was done with suitable
contrast. This powder is cost-effective and nontoxic in nature. An eco-friendly approach to develop fingerprints by using
natural color produces by various plant-based waste material and a very reliable technique to use in the crime scene.
Metodolojik ve İdeolojik Açıdan Naṣṣ
Authors: Tan Oguzhan
Published: November 2024

Nass, metodolojik olduğu kadar ideolojik bir kavramdır. Bu nedenle kelimenin teknik kullanımlarını aktarmak nassın doğasını ortaya koymaya yetmez. Bu çalışma, üçayaklı bir yapıya sahiptir. Birinci ayakta, “naṣṣ tanımları” analiz edilmektedir. Bu analizde temel çerçeve, fıkıh usulü verileridir. Bu veriler, nassın teknik kullanımının zaman içinde çeşitlendiğini göstermektedir. Başlangıçta sözlük anlamına yakın olarak “açık ifadeler” için kullanılan naṣṣ, zamanla, “kesinlik derecesinde açık olması nedeniyle farklı yorumlara kapalı olan ifadeler” için kullanılmıştır. Bu anlam değişikliği, naṣṣa dilsel bir delalet durumu olmanın ötesinde, normatif bir karakter kazandırmıştır. Kavramın, “ayetler ve hadisler”i ifade etmesi ise muhtemelen hicri beşinci asırdan sonradır. İki farklı delil türünün tek kategoride birleştirilmesi, metodolojik açıdan kritik sonuçlar doğuran oldukça önemli bir gelişmedir. Çalışmanın ikinci ayağı, fıkıh usulü zemininde inşa edilen bir ideoloji olarak “naṣṣ tasavvuru”na odaklanmaktadır. “Naṣṣ tasavvuru”nun somutlaştırabilmesi için öncelikle, metin ile naṣṣın yaygın kullanımın aksine, aynı şeyler olmadığının vurgulanması gerekir. Bir metin, teolojik argümanların bir kitap şeklinde derlenmesi olarak görüldüğünde naṣṣ haline gelir. Bu, “nüzul bağlamlarına parça parça inen ilahî hitaplar” paradigmasının “okuma bağlamları için parça parça iktibas edilen teolojik deliller içeren kitap” paradigmasına dönüşmesi demektir. Dolayısıyla, nasslaşmanın en temel özelliği, metnin hitap karakterinden uzaklaşmasıdır. Modern ilahiyat literatüründe, Kur’an’ın, hitap olarak nitelendirilmesi yaygın olmakla birlikte hayli yenidir. Dördüncü asırla birlikte, hitap mükellefiyeti ifade eden fıkhî bir kavram olarak ele alınmıştır. Buna göre muhatap da mükellef anlamına gelmektedir. “Sonuçlar” kısmı, makalenin üçüncü ayağını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bölüm, önceki iki bölümden elde edilen sonuçların tespit formunda maddeler halinde ortaya konmasından ibarettir.
A Beginning without End: An Aristotelian Defence of the Kalam
Authors: Sheikh Hayyan
Published: November 2024

In recent times, William Lane Craig’s version of the Kalam Cosmological Argument has become one of the most, if not the most popular arguments for the existence of God. Consequently, it has also invited extensive criticism. One of the key modern objections to the Kalam has been made by Alex Malpass and Wes Morriston, who argue that on Aristotle’s definition of an actual infinite, the beginningless past is not an actual infinite, whereas, if one were to accept William Lane Craig’s definition of actual and potential infinites as well as his temporal ontology, then both the future and the past are either actually or potentially infinite, which is an undesirable consequence for Craig. In this paper I argue that one can argue for the finitude of the past even on Aristotle’s definition of an actual infinite.
Estonların Geleneksel İnanışları Üzerine
Authors: Erkal Mehmet Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, Kuzey Avrupa'nın eski halklarından olan Estonların geleneksel inançları ile Türkistan ve Sibirya kökenli Türk halk inançları arasındaki kültürel ve dini benzerlikleri incelemektedir. Estonların haldjas (koruyucu ruh), kurat (şeytan figürü), lumememm (kar adamı) ve kutsal korular anlamına gelen Nemus gibi doğa üstü varlıkları ve ritüelleri daha yakından anlaşılabilmesi için Türk halk inanışlarında yer alan benzer kavramlarla karşılaştırılarak Ural-Altay kültürel mirasına atıf yapılmaktadır. Çalışma, eski Eston toplumlarının ritüel pratikleri, kutsal mekânlar ve semboller gibi temel inanç unsurlarını tanıtırken bunların Altay Türklerinin inanışları ile ortak bir kültürel mirası paylaştıklarına da işaret etmektedir. Bu benzerliklerin tarihsel ve kültürel etkileşimin bir göstergesi olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Makalede ayrıca, Hıristiyanlık öncesi dönemde şekillenen ve nesiller boyunca aktarılan Eston inançlarının doğal çevre ve yer altı ruhlarına olan saygıyı içeren karakteri detaylandırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, doğayı kutsal kabul eden Eston dünya görüşü ile doğa ruhları ve ata ruhlarına saygı, özellikle "Yeryüzü Dini" olarak bilinen modern Maausk Hareketi ile yeniden canlandırılmıştır. Estonların doğa merkezli dünya görüşü, iki topluluk arasında köprü işlevi gören Türklerin Ural-Altay halkları üzerindeki etkisinin de bir yansıması olabileceği düşünülmekte ve bu benzerliklerin ortaya konmasıyla çalışmanın, Türkoloji, etnoloji ve Dinler Tarihi alanlarına da katkı sunması hedeflenmektedir.
Dementia secondary to thalamic infarct: a case report
Authors: Vargas-Cañas A. , Carriquiry-Berner F. , Cargioli-Vila M.V.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION The term dementia refers to the deterioration of the intellectual or cognitive functions, with little or no alteration of consciousness, which is capable of interfering with the activities of daily living and the ability to cope by oneself. One infrequent cause of dementia is its being secondary to a thalamic lesion and is normally due to the involvement of both thalami. CASE REPORT We report a case of sudden onset dementia caused by lesions affecting only the left thalamus. A 64-year-old right-handed female patient with chronic arterial hypertension for which she received regular treatment. The patient visited because of difficulty in speaking without any alterations to consciousness, and amnesia of recent anterograde and retrograde events. A CAT scan of the brain revealed a superlacuna in the left thalamus. From then on, the patient presented memory disorders, the most typical being loss of retention memory. CONCLUSIONS Thalamus injuries that are accompanied by dementia are commonly bilateral and are preferably located in the anterior and medial nuclei. There have been cases of memory disorders secondary to unilateral infarcts of the thalamus and these are related to a thalamocortical deafferentiation. Our case is one of sudden onset thalamic dementia secondary to an infarct affecting only the left thalamus.
Acute cerebrovascular disease in the Northern Cordoba Health Area
Authors: Cara-García M. , Tejerina J.M. Casas-Fernández de , Lucas M.D. García-de
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION Its high rates of prevalence, mortality and disability make acute cerebrovascular disease (ACVD) a priority health problem. It is as the second most common cause of admission to internal medicine services. AIMS. To examine inpatient care for ACVD during 2004 in the Valle de los Pedroches health area in the province of Cordoba, as well as survival at six months, so as to be able to carry out the changes needed to improve the attention offered for this condition. PATIENTS AND METHODS A longitudinal study of the acute phase of the illness and survival at six months was conducted by means of face-to-face interviews. RESULTS The prevalence of arterial hypertension (75.5%) stands out as a risk factor. The mean age was higher than in other series. There is no characteristic profile of clinical symptoms. The proportion of ischaemic to haemorrhagic strokes falls within the normal range. All 110 patients were submitted to a cranial computerised axial tomography scan in less than three hours. A compromised level of consciousness, senility, haemorrhagic stroke, poorer scoring on the Canadian Neurological Scale and complications all affected mortality rates. The study showed that 20% died while in hospital and 19.1% at six months. At discharge, 30.9% were undergoing rehabilitation. The spouse was the main caregiver in 55.5% of cases. A total of 79% had sequelae at six months. CONCLUSIONS Instruments that allow fast effective diagnoses and treatments and guarantee proper clinical practice while reducing brain damage and its dependence should be made generally available. Improving primary and secondary prevention is essential in order to halt the progression of ACVD.
Post-traumatic supraorbital neuralgia: a benign condition
Authors: Penas-Prado M. , Martínez-Salio A. , Porta-Etessam J. , Villarejo-Galende A. , García-Ramos R. , Saiz-Díaz R.A. , Moreno-Ramos T.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION Supraorbital neuralgia has only recently been described. Most of the cases reported involve patients suffering from chronic idiopathic neuralgias that are difficult to treat and sometimes require surgery to release the nerve. We present our experience in patients with a variant of this neuralgia which has a known causation, is commonly seen and has a benign prognosis. CASE REPORTS. We studied five patients, four females and one male, with a mean age of 55 years (range: 29-69 years). They had all suffered direct banal traumatic injury to the frontal region due to different causes. Four of them developed continuous, piercing or burning-type pain; three of them had paroxysmal pain and one had itching. There were no autonomic manifestations. All of them were found to be abnormally sensitive in the affected area, with tactile hypaesthesia, hyperalgesia or allodynia and a positive Tinels sign. Neuroimaging tests were normal. Two patients were treated with gabapentin and amitriptyline. One was treated with an anaesthetic blockade, which afforded temporary relief. Three of them received no treatment at all. After one year of follow-up, all of them had improved and three were no longer in pain, although sensory alterations persisted in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Post-traumatic supraorbital neuralgia is a frequent condition, although it is probably underdiagnosed. It has its own characteristic clinical and developmental features that distinguish it from idiopathic supraorbital neuralgia. Progress is usually good and it responds favourably to symptomatic treatment, if needed.
Biomedical publications in Spain on debate (II): the on-going revolutions and their application to neurological journals
Authors: Dios J. González de , Pérez-Sempere A. , Aleixandre-Benavent R.
Published: November 2024

Aim and development. To debate about the application of on-going revolutions in medical knowledge to Spanish neurological journals in the 21st century. This article reviews the current status of five revolutions in the field of health sciences, in general, and in neurological sciences, in particular: 1) the knowledge revolution: to translate the scientific investigation to the patient, with knowledge needs-driven research agenda with founder commissioning research to answer questions posed by clinicians, managers and patients, and systematic and critical appraisal reviews as the creator of quality improved knowledge; 2) the evidence based medicine revolution: the pyramid information of 4S, with systems (guidelines and computerized decision support systems), synopses (secondary journals), syntheses (systematic reviews and meta-analysis) and studies (original studies published in journals); 3) the web revolution: the possibility of dissemination of biomedical documentation by means of the Internet network are producing changes in the traditional way of conceiving scientific publication; the Internet represents a great advantage for investigation and also for clinical practice, since it permits free, universal access to databases and the interchange of texts, images and videos; 4) the open access revolution: to take full control over all operations related to the process of publish (to create, publish, communicate, distribute, reproduce and transform) with no need of any intermediaries, and to transform fundamental aspects concerning the circulation of knowledge, its use and availability; and 5) the librarian revolution: the project of a Virtual Health Library in Spain as a tool to access and disseminate scientific and technical knowledge on health through the Internet.
Statins and cerebrovascular disease: new perspectives in stroke prevention
Authors: Castilla-Guerra L. , Fernández-Moreno M.C. , López-Chozas J.M. , Jiménez-Hernández M.D.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT. The role played by statins in the prevention of strokes has been subject to controversy for a long time, especially because no clear correlation between levels of cholesterol in serum and strokes has yet been established. Nevertheless, a number of randomised trials with statins and several meta-analyses that were carried out later have proved that statins lower the incidence of all kinds of strokes, with a 21% reduction in the relative risk. It has also been shown that this effect is essentially due to the degree to which LDL cholesterol (cholesterol linked to low-density lipoproteins) is reduced, which has a lowering effect on lipid levels. It has also been shown that statins have others beneficial effects apart from reducing cholesterol levels and that these may be independent of the subjects basal lipid levels. We are referring to the so-called pleiotropic effects, which include stabilisation of the atherosclerotic plaque, an antiinflammatory effect, an antithrombotic effect and enhanced vasomotor reactivity. CONCLUSION. The recent appearance of the results of the SPARCL (Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels) study and the guidelines published by the American Heart Association and the Spanish Neurology Society, which grant statins a leading role in stroke prevention, both open up new horizons for the use of statins in cerebrovascular pathologies.
Usefulness of the Spanish version of the ADHD-IV Rating Scale in preschool children
Authors: Molina J , Servera M , Orgilés M
Published: November 2024

Introduction: ADHD is an early onset and high prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Rating scales are useful measures to assess ADHD symptoms, being the ADHD-RS-IV the most used. Although it exists a preschool version, the original version is very similar and it is more available than the preschool version in many countries. Aim: To analyze whether the Spanish version of the original ADHD-RS-IV scale is useful in preschool samples. Subjects and methods: 258 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years were evaluated by parents and teachers using the original ADHD-RS-IV and SDQ scales. Results: ANOVA between subjects (age group and sex) and within subjects (source) provided results that were very similar to those of other studies using the Spanish preschool version. Internal consistency and convergent validity were also similar to those reported by studies using the U.S. preschool version. Finally, no significant differences were detected between the means reported by Spanish study and those of this study. In both cases, the means of Spanish parents and teachers were lower than those of Americans, but with small effect sizes. Conclusion: Although it is recommended to use the preschool version whenever possible, our results suggest that original version of the ADHD-RS-IV scale is perfectly useful for both researchers and clinicians with preschool samples and it could be used in countries without normative data in preschoolers but do in school-age children.
Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Costa Frossard-França L , García-Domínguez J M , Moreno-Torres I , Fortún J , Villar L M , Meca-Lallana V
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The recent availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has raised concerns in certain patient groups, such as those with multiple sclerosis. However, there are currently few publications that provide information on this issue. We pooled the information available on the safety and efficacy of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with multiple sclerosis, with and without disease-modifying therapy. Development: The study consisted in a literature search focused on the types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the current status of their approval, and the data available on the safety and efficacy of vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis, including the new COVID-19 vaccines. Based on this search, the document has been designed taking into account current evidence and expert recommendations. There are no data on the safety and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, evidence does exist to suggest that messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are as safe in these patients as in other individuals. Some therapies with immunosuppressants might reduce the effectiveness of these vaccines and require the scheduling of their administration, preferably before the start of treatment if possible. Conclusion: The data available make it possible to recommend mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with multiple sclerosis. In patients on fingolimod, cladribine, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab and rituximab, vaccination prior to the initiation of medication administration would be recommendable whenever possible.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in people living with dementia related to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Exploratory systematic review
Authors: Sánchez-García M , Rodríguez-Del Rey T , Pérez-Sáez E , Gay-Puente F J
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This symptomatology can appear or be exacerbated with changes in routine and in the patient's usual environment. The lockdown situation during the COVID-19 pandemic has meant a drastic and unexpected change in the daily life of the general population, with a particular impact on the most physically and mentally vulnerable groups, including patients with cognitive impairment. Aim: To know the impact of lockdown measures imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic on neuropsychiatric symptomatology in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Materials and methods: Exploratory systematic review, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, of Pubmed and Psycinfo databases papers published from January 2020 to April 2021 which related confinement due to COVID-19 with the presentation or worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mild cognitive impairment mild or dementia. Results: Worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms was observed in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment, especially agitation/aggression, anxiety, depression and apathy. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were more common in patients with dementia than in those with mild cognitive impairment, although their typology varied depending on the severity of dementia. Conclusions: During lockdown a worsening in the psychobehavioral area has been observed in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Therefore, considerations arise on the need of promoting social contact in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, avoiding situations of isolation and low stimulation.
Optic neuritis: aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and management
Authors: Rodríguez-Acevedo B , Rovira A , Vidal-Jordana A , Moncho D , Pareto D , Sastre-Garriga J
Published: November 2024

The main causes of optic neuritis (ON) are multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease, also known as MOGAD. When all screening is negative, we can speak of idiopathic ON, although this diagnosis should be provisional. ON can be diagnosed clinically and paraclinical tests are not routinely required to confirm it. However, tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), visual evoked potentials (VEP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) can lend support to the diagnosis if the clinical presentation is atypical. The use of new MRI sequences, OCT, multifocal VEPs and the determination of neurofilaments has allowed ON to be used as a model for remyelination and neuroprotection, leading to phase II clinical trials. Some of these drugs, such as opicinumab, clemastine, phenytoin or simvastatin, have shown positive results; however, their clinical effect remains to be defined. It is accepted that corticosteroids do not improve the long-term prognosis of ON, although some retrospective studies suggest that there is a therapeutic window from the onset of symptoms. Plasmapheresis has also been shown to be effective in patients with ON. In this review we will address basic aspects of the management of ON, in the fundamental context of MS, NMOSD and MOGAD, with emphasis on etiopathogenic, diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic developments.
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on youngsters with autistic spectrum disorder
Authors: Salmerón-Medina M , Tàpia-Córcoles A , Palou-Artola E , Nicolau-Palou R , Calvo-Escalona R
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The state of emergency and national lockdown declared in Spain over the coronavirus pandemic markedly impaired routines and access towards health services supports for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This population is of particular vulnerability towards sudden changes and is distinguished by their complex management. Objectives: The main goal was to qualitatively assess the psychosocial and mental state of children diagnosed with ASD affiliated to the Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, during and after the first lockdown period. Patients and methods: A survey was administered to relatives of 65 boys and girls with a main diagnosis of ASD. Results: A worsening of key A symptoms was reported during lockdown. In addition, the use of new technologies, intake between meals, and anxiety symptoms increased. Recovery after lockdown was not complete in our sample. Conclusions: These results highlight the need for planning specific supports for minors with ASD and for resources to reverse the effects on routines, habits, and school returnal.
Cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish of the Signs of Depression Scale (SODS) to the early assessment of mood in patients admitted to a Stroke Unit
Authors: Rodríguez-Campello A , Hidalgo-Benítez V , Posso M , Pascual-Barbero E , Revert-Barbera A , Estragués-Gazquez I , Núñez-Pedrosa R , Zafra M , Ros-Roig J , López-Mesa S , Cuadrado-Godia E , Roquer J , Iglesias-Villanueva D
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Stroke hospitalization negatively affects mood. Clinical guidelines recommend early evaluation of mood disorders. However, there is no consensus on the most appropriate scale in Spanish language. Aim: The objective of the study is the cross-cultural adaptation of the Signs of Depression Scale (SODS) in patients admitted to the stroke unit of the Hospital del Mar. Materials and methods: The work scheme for transcultural adaptation into Spanish was: a) direct translation; b) reconciliation and synthesis of translations; c) reverse translation into English; d) consensus of the back-translated version with original author; e) cognitive interrogation; f) revision and consensus version in Spanish; g) reading test, spelling, and grammar check; h) final version. Analysis and descriptive summary of the adaptation process was performed. Results: There were no differences between direct translation versions. The back-translation version was accepted by the author of the original questionnaire. A convenience sample of patients with/without aphasia (n = 22) was included for cognitive interview from which no major problems were identified in the implementation of the questionnaire. Inclusive language was used in the final version. Conclusion: The transcultural adaptation of the scale allows in a simple and early way the evaluation mood in patients admitted to the stroke unit. The Spanish version is equivalent to the original instrument. This adaptation can be incorporated into care in the Stroke Unit and is extrapolated to other Spanish-speaking centres.
Guillain-Barré syndrome in Mexico: clinical features and validation of Brighton Collaboration Group criteria
Authors: López-Hernández J C , Galnares-Olalde J A , Gutiérrez A , Estrada S A , García-Grimshaw M , Vargas-Cañas E S
Published: November 2024

Introduction: As SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is ongoing in Mexico and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) cases have been reported, validation of Brighton criteria in Mexico is necessary. Moreover, epidemiology of GBS in Mexico differs from European and North American countries. Objective: To describe the clinical, cerebrospinal and electrodiagnostic features in Mexican patients diagnosed with GBS and classify them according to the Brighton Collaboration Group diagnostic criteria. Patrients and methods. An ambispective cohort study was conducted. We included patients that fulfilled the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barre syndrome. Patients in this study were classified according to Brighton collaboration group levels of certainty for Guillain-Barre syndrome. Results: Sixty eight percent of patients were male. Of the 248 patients included, 58.4% had history of a precedent infection, mean time from symptom onset to admission was 5 (1-30) days. Mean Medical Research Council sum score 30.3 ± 15.5. Almost 98% of patients had a monophasic course. Level 1 of certainty according to Brighton collaboration group criteria was fulfilled by 54.6% of patients, level 2 by 45% and level 4 by 0.6%. Patients meeting level 2 of certainty were mostly because normal cerebrospinal fluid findings or findings in nerve conduction studies not consistent with any GBS variants. Conclusion: GBS is a frequent autoimmune neuropathy that has been associated with preceding infections and with vaccination campaigns. For SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign in Mexico, validation of Brighton Criteria is necessary. Although Mexico's GBS epidemiology has been changing throughout recent years, this study provides similar data compared to other countries.
Telemedicine in the monitoring of patients with dementia: a Brazilians caregivers’s perspective
Authors: Moreira-Constantin B , Carpen-Padovani G , Cordeiro-Gaede A V , Chamma-Coelho A , Martínez-Souza R K , Nisihara R
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic warranted expanded care via telemedicine across a breath of medical specialties. The aim of the study is to analyze the preferences of caregivers of patients with dementia on the use of telemedicine in monitoring these patients. Subjects and methods: Caregivers and family members responsible for patients with dementia completed an online self-applicable questionnaire, which was distributed in Facebook and WhatsApp groups between April and October 2020. Results: 130 responses were obtained; most caregivers were women (83.8%), of whom 60% were daughters of patients. Most patients were also women (75.3%). Alzheimer's disease caused dementia in 73% of cases. The Internet was accessible to 98% of respondents, yet less than half (33.8%) had used telemedicine at least once. Although 66.9% of caregivers would be willing to use telemedicine if the doctor offered it, 63% believed that the cost of video consultations should be lower than those face-to-face. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 85.3% of caregivers needed to contact the physician: just over half of these consultations were face-to-face (52.2%), but telemedicine was preferred (62.3%) if possible. Conclusion: Caregivers accepted and were interested in telemedicine as a tool for monitoring patients with dementia, especially those with walking difficulties.
A comparative study of recreational screen time in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Pons M , Caner M , Rubies J , Carmona M , Ruiz M A , Yáñez-Juan A M
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Digital screen time has been largely studied in children populations, but few have focused on children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Our main objective was to study the characteristics of use of recreational screens (television (TV) and video games), in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Subjects and methods: We conducted a case-control study in which children with neurodevelopmental disorders under the age of 6 were compared with controls of the same age range. We analysed TV and video game exposure through a designed questionnaire for parents that included daily time exposure, sociodemographic characteristics, home media environment, sociocultural habits, attitudes and beliefs about TV. Results: Sixty-one individuals with developmental and 153 controls were enrolled. Children with developmental problems spend more time watching TV than controls (124,4 ± 83,4 vs 71,5 ± 47,4 min / day p <0,001), while video game time was similar in both groups (37,6 ± 39, 6 vs 31,7 ± 32,6 min / day p = 0,138). Children with neurodevelopmental disorders began earlier to watch TV than controls. There were no relevant differences between groups in demographics, Sociocultural, environmental and attitudinal and belief variables. Conclusions: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders start watching TV at an earlier age and consume more screen time than healthy children. Our findings indicate that Children with neurodevelopmental disorders are more vulnerable to screen abuse, and stress the importance to offer anticipatory guidance to their parents.
Epilepsy with catamenial pattern
Authors: Moscol G , Espino P H , Mayor L C , Burneo J G
Published: November 2024

Catamenial pattern epilepsy is defined as an increase in the frequency of seizures during a specific stage of the menstrual cycle compared to baseline. It has been described that around a third of women with epilepsy have a catamenial pattern. The changes in the seizure pattern would be explained by the influence of catamenial fluctuations, of female gonadal hormones on neuronal excitability. Progesterone through its metabolite allopregnanolone plays a protective role by increasing GABAergic transmission; however, its effect on brain progesterone receptors can increase neuronal excitability. The effects of estrogens are complex, they tend to increase neuronal excitability, although their effects depend on their concentration and exposure time. Three catamenial patterns of seizure exacerbation have been proposed: the perimenstrual pattern, the periovulatory pattern, and the luteal pattern. The diagnostic approach is carried out through a systematic process of 4 steps: a) clinical history of the pattern of the menstrual cycle and epileptic seizures; b) diagnostic methods to characterize the menstrual cycle and the pattern of seizures; c) check diagnostic criteria; and d) categorize the catamenial pattern. The treatment options studied require a higher level of evidence, and there is no specific treatment. Optimization of conventional antiseizure treatment is recommended as the first therapeutic option. Other therapeutic options, such as non-hormonal and hormonal treatments, could be useful in case the first therapeutic option proves to be ineffective.
Driving improvement in spinal cord injury patients using virtual reality. Systematic review
Authors: De Miguel-Rubio A , Rascón-Maíz J , Alba-Rueda A , Rodrigues-de-Souza D P
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is a pathology which causes motor and sensory impairment under the region damaged by the lesion. This results in limitations in daily activities such as driving. In recent years, improvement in this task has been achieved by means of virtual reality treatment in the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury. The aim of the present study was to analyze, through a systematic review, the effectiveness of using virtual reality on driving skills in patients with spinal cord injury. Materials and methods: The literature search was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Scopus and CINAHL, including articles published from January 2000 to May 2021. Results: After the research process, out of a total of 51 articles, 7 were included: 2 applied immersive VR and 5 semi-immersive VR. Road driving simulation was addressed by 4 of them: 1 on sailing, 1 on motorbike and 1 on bicycle. Conclusions: The use of virtual reality in driving skills training has led to improvements in quality of life, driving skills and reduction of fear of driving. Despite these findings, more research, patients, sessions and improvements are needed for a clearer understanding of this topic and its usefulness.
Gastrostomy tubes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: indications, safety and experience in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Álvarez-Álvarez M , Rodríguez-López P , Velasco-Guardado A , López-Alburquerque T
Published: November 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is the clinical characterisation of patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), who were indicated for the placement of a gastrostomy tube (G-Tube) in the period 2007-2017 in the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, and to find possible associated prognostic factors. Material and methods: It is a descriptive study of clinical cases. Results: Between 2007 and 2017, 139 cases of ALS were assessed and a G-Tube was indicated in 29 of them. Of these 29, on two occasions it was not performed, one due to the patient refusing and the other because of clinical deterioration. Of the total number of G-Tubes, 21 were placed by endoscopy, four by interventional radiology and two by surgery. The main indications were: in 10 cases, for severe dysphagia; in eight cases, for weight loss >10%; and in nine cases, for reduced forced vital capacity <50%. Immediate complications (first 24 hours) included: two intraprocedural desaturations, one ostomy infection, one abdominal pain, one paralytic ileus and one respiratory failure resulting in death. Late complications (first month) include pneumonia, intestinal ischaemia, cellulitis and poor control of secretions. The main cause of death was respiratory failure. The median time elapsed between G-Tube placement and death was 7.89 months. An improvement in analytical nutritional parameters was observed, without showing statistical significance, as a prognostic factor. Conclusion: G-Tube placement is an effective and safe procedure to ensure enteral nutrition in ALS patients.
Usefulness of spontaneous drawing in the diagnostic guidance of pediatric patients with headache
Authors: García-Ron A , Arias-Vivas E , Bote-Gascón M , González-García N , Porta-Etessam J
Published: November 2024

Introduction and aims: The diagnosis of headache in children can be challenging due to its clinical variability and inability to verbalize certain symptoms. The use of drawing has been proposed to overcome these difficulties. The objective was to evaluate drawing as a diagnostic tool in primary headaches. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study to assess the agreement between the 'artistic' diagnosis of headache and the clinical diagnosis. We consider an artistic diagnosis to be the one issued after reviewing the drawing of the patient that was made by a neuropediatrician and two neurologists who are experts in headache. The clinical diagnosis would be the classic diagnosis made in consultation after a complete history and examination in consultation and was issued by another neuropediatrician. Results: We included 132 patients/drawing (61.1% girls; mean age 12 years) with clinical diagnoses of: migraine (59.1%), tension headache (38.2%), and other headaches (trigeminal autonomic and nummular) (2.7%). The agreement between the artistic and clinical diagnoses in migraine and tension headache was 78.5% and 78.6%, respectively when the drawings were evaluated by a neuropediatrician. This agreement was similar for the migraine drawings assessed by both neurologists (76.3% and 83.6%), but not in the case of tension headache (35.1% and 48.4%). The agreement between neurologists was moderate and similar in both types of headaches (migraine: k 0.51; tension headache: k 0.50). Conclusions: Headache drawing is a useful instrument in the differential diagnosis of migraine. We suggest its inclusion in the initial diagnostic evaluation of headache in children.
PERANCANGAN TYPEFACE SEBAGAI IDENTITAS VISUAL DIENG CULTURE FESTIVAL 2024
Authors: Sembada Aprian Dwi Nur , Wulandari Esty
Published: November 2024

Dieng Culture Festival (DCF) merupakan festival budaya tahunan yang diselenggarakan di desa Dieng Kulon, Batur, Banjarnegara. DCF memiliki konsep Community Based Tourism (CBT) yang dikelola langsung oleh warga setempat melalui Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Dieng Pandawa. Keberlangsungan DCF perlu dirancang identitas visual yang sesuai dengan nilai budaya setempat. Identitas visual pada suatu festival harus dirancang semenarik mungkin karena menjadi titik kontak pertama dengan pengunjung. Salah satu media penyampaian identitas visual adalah dengan perancangan typeface. Typeface dinilai dapat mengekspresikan suatu entitas dengan baik sesuai kebutuhannya. Selain itu perancangan typeface secara khusus untuk keperluan tertentu dapat mengurangi biaya lisensi font. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data berupa wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi serta didukung dengan pengumpulan data secara kuisioner sebagai bagian dari kegiatan observai. Metode perancangan typeface menggunakan metode Designing Type yang dikembangkan Karen Cheng. Tujuan peneli?an ini adalah menciptakan typeface yang dapat digunakan sebagai identitas DCF 2024 dengan pendekatan ekspresionisme. Pada peneliitan berbasis budaya lokal diekspresikan pada desain typeface dengan penyesuaian praktis pada identitas visual DCF 2024.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM PEMBUATAN COLLECTIBLE CARD GAME BERLISENSI NONKOMERSIAL
Authors: Kuntoro Hadiyan Yusuf
Published: November 2024

Di era revolusi industri 4.0, banyak teknologi bersifat disruptif yang mengubah pola-pola kerja yang telah ada. Salah satu teknologi disruptif tersebut adalah artificial intelligence (AI). Ketika artikel ini ditulis, AI dapat digunakan untuk menghadirkan karya-karya seni digital 2D dengan hanya memanfaatkan arahan teks deskripsi, yang disebut dengan text-to-image AI generator. Dalam penelitian ini, text-to-image AI generator dipergunakan untuk membuat ilustrasi-ilustrasi karakter kartu bagi collectible card game (CCG) berlisensi nonkomersial yang tengah dikembangkan penulis, dengan nama Battle for the Power Plants (B.F.T.P.P.). Kartu-kartu dalam CCG yang tengah dikembangkan tersebut dipilih sebagai produk untuk mengimplementasikan ilustrasi-ilustrasi yang dihasilkan oleh AI karena tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan kemampuan AI dalam menghadirkan ilustrasi karakter kartu, menggantikan peran ilustrator manusia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa AI memiliki potensi kemampuan untuk mendisrupsi pangsa pasar pekerjaan bagi ilustrator-ilustrator manusia dikarenakan kecepatan AI dalam menghasilkan ilustrasi dengan kualitas estetika yang hampir sepadan dengan ilustrasi-ilustrasi buatan ilustrator manusia. Kelebihan serta kekurangan baik dalam menggunakan AI maupun ilustrator manusia juga dipaparkan dalam artikel ini.
Dijital Medyada Nefret Söylemi: “6284 Sayılı Kanun” Örneği
Authors: Duman Özlem Deniz
Published: November 2024

Yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin ve yeni medyanın büyük hızla gelişmesinin yanı sıra anonimlik ve hareketlilik özelliği nefret söyleminin küresel ölçekte büyümesine ve zahmetsiz hale gelmesine yol açmıştır. Özellikle nefret söyleminin artmasında ciddi bir öneme sahip olan internet, yeni medyanın her geçen gün katlanarak büyümesine ve aşırılık yanlısı kişi veya grupları etkisi altına almasına neden olmuştur. Nefret söylemi, “Bir kişi veya bir grup insana doğuştan gelen veya algılanan birtakım özelliklerinden dolayı önyargılı, düşmanca, kötü niyetli konuşma, yazma ve davranış olarak” tanımlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada yeni medyadaki nefret söyleminin “6284 Sayılı Kanun” örneği üzerinden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın temel amacı YouTube ekseninde, 6284 Saylı Kanun çerçevesinden nefret söylemini tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın kuramsal temeli Teun A. van Dijk’in söylem teorisine dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın bulgularını, Mart 2023-Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında “6284 Sayılı Kanun” anahtar kelimesinden hareketle yeni iletişim uygulamalarından biri olan YouTube’daki kullanıcı yorumları oluşturmaktadır. Mevcut tarih aralığında 6.075 gönderi analiz edilmiş ve bu gönderiler içerisinden 659 adet paylaşım nefret söylemi kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Kullanıcı yorumları nitel araştırma tekniği kapsamında yer alan içerik analizi ve eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, kullanıcı yorumlarının analizinde kategorik bağlamda %38 oranıyla abartma/yükleme ve çarpıtmanın diğer kategorilere oranla daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer bir kategori olan küfür/hakaret/aşağılama ise %26 oranıyla ikinci sırada yer almıştır. Yorumlarda özellikle cinsiyetçi ve dinsel bir nefret söyleminin ön plana çıktığı ve yoğunlaştığı belirlenmiştir.
Yapay Zekâ’nın Geleceği Üzerine: Finch Filmi Göstergebilimsel Analizi
Authors: Özbey Ali Ülvi
Published: November 2024

Teknoloji, insanlık tarihinin bilenen en büyük gelişim örneklerinden biri olmuştur. Teknolojideki gelişmeler çok hızlı olmakta ve bununla birlikte toplumsal etkileri de sürekli değişmektedir. Bu alandaki gelişmelerin dünya çapında hem mikro hem de makro bağlamda yansımaları olmuştur. Özellikle yapay zekâ alanında yapılan çalışmalar günden güne yaşamı daha da robotik hale getirmeye başlamıştır. Ev eşyalarından sosyal yaşama kadar her alanda hayatı pratikleştirme adına yapılmış olan çok fazla yapay zekâ alanında yapılmış teknolojiler kullanılmaktadır. Günümüze bu kadar çok entegre olan teknolojinin toplumsal ve bireysel alanlarda etkisi olmaktadır. Tarihi çok eskiye dayanmayan tüm bu yeniliklerin gelişimdeki hızı ise bazı sorular doğurmaktadır. Teknoloji temelli tüm bu konular disiplinler arası farklı açılardan değerlendirilmekte ve açıklanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu konuya ışık tutan alanlardan biri de sinemadır. Sinema özellikle son yıllarda toplumsal birçok konuya dikkat çekmekte ve bazen eleştirirken bazen de konulara açıklama getirmeye çalışmaktadır. Yapay zekâ konusunun mevcut durumu ve geleceği üzerine dikkat çeken birçok film bulunmaktadır. Post-apokaliptik bir film örneği olan Finch filmi bir insanın ve köpeğinin robotlarla olan arkadaşlıkları ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada yapay zekâ kavramının toplumdaki yeri ve geleceğine dair belirsizliğini Finch filmi üzerinden açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT PEMERAS MADU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MOTOR DRYER ES-T95CR DAN SPEED CONTROL
Authors: Khabibulloh Wildan Wahyu , Retno Eka Pramitasari  , Dian Anisa Rokhmah Wati  , Mohammad Munib Rosadi
Published: November 2024

Pengembangan alat pemeras madu dengan menggunakan motor dryer ES-T95CR dan speed control ini dilakukan karena pada observasi ke peternak lebah didapati masih menggunakan cara manual. Hal ini sangat mempengaruhi lamanya proses pengolahan madu setelah pemanenan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan alat pemeras madu ini dilakukan agar proses pemerasan madu lebih efisien atau lebih cepat diproses. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengembangan dari alat pemeras madu dan untuk mengetahui unjuk kerja dari alat yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RnD (research and development). Hasil penelitian ini yaitu berupa hasil pengembangan alat dan unjuk kerja alat pemeras madu. Maka diperoleh hasil pengembangan alat dari manual ke mesin otomatis. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji validasi. hasil uji fungsional alat diperoleh nilai 3,75 dengan kriteria baik. Untuk uji kelayakan alat mendapat nilai 4,4 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Pada hasil uji coba alat yaitu dengan kecepatan minimum memperoleh waktu 1 menit 39 detik dengan volume yang didapatkan lebih maksimal sebesar 56 gram dengan ampas yang 35 gram. Sedangkan dengan kecepatan maksimum memperoleh waktu 1 menit 14 detik dengan volume yang didapat sebesar 50 gram dan ampas sebesar 43 gram. Jumlah peningkatan efisiensi dengan kecepatan minimum 17,2% dan kecepatan maksimum sebesar 30,8%.