bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in the Orthopaedic Surgery Subspecialty Fellowship Match
Authors: Ruddell Jack H. , Eltorai Adam E.M. , DePasse J. Mason , Kuris Eren O. , Gil Joseph A. , Cho Daniel K. , Paxton E. Scott , Green Andrew , Daniels Alan H.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Orthopaedic surgery has become increasingly specialized, and most trainees currently complete subspecialty fellowship training. The purposes of this investigation were to evaluate recent trends in U.S. orthopaedic fellowship matches and to provide relevant analyses for future orthopaedic fellowship applicants and fellowship program directors.

Methods:

This study analyzed data from orthopaedic fellowship match programs from 2010 to 2017. For each fellowship, the following variables were analyzed: numbers of positions offered, participating programs, applicant registrations, rank lists submitted by applicants (i.e., completed applications), applicants matched, and filled positions. Applicant-matching success rate and percentage of total fellowship positions filled for each subspecialty were calculated, and trends were evaluated for significance and difference between subspecialties utilizing ordinary least-square regressions, with p < 0.05 indicating significance.

Results:

From 2010 to 2017, the number of fellowship positions that were offered increased in all subspecialties (p < 0.05) except for spine (p = 0.44) and trauma (p = 0.92). Participating fellowship programs increased in all subspecialties (p < 0.05) except spine (p = 0.38) and sports medicine; the latter experienced the only significant decrease (p < 0.05). The largest significant increases (p < 0.05) in both applicant registrations (33.5%) and rank lists submitted by applicants (45.3%) were in adult reconstruction. The subspecialty with the highest applicant-matching success rate during the study period of 2010 to 2017 was sports (mean, 93.5%). Spine and trauma had the lowest applicant-matching success rates in 2016 to 2017. The percentage of positions filled across all subspecialties increased from 2011 to 2017 (p < 0.05); hand had the highest mean (96.6% filled), and adult reconstruction had the largest significant increase from 82.0% in 2010 to 95.5% in 2017 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

This investigation provides data with regard to current trends in the orthopaedic fellowship match. Specifically, adult reconstruction fellowship training has recently gained popularity at a more rapid rate than the other subspecialty fellowship pathways, although hand surgery consistently maintains a very high rate of positions filled. Our results for orthopaedic subspecialty fellowship match trends may assist fellowship directors with program planning and career advising and may also assist current residents with fellowship application expectations and career planning.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR PREPARING FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TO INTERACTION WITH PARENTS IN TERMS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: Bevzyuk Maryna
Published: November 2018

In the article, based on the scientific sources and empirical material analysis, the pedagogical conditions of future primary school teachers’ preparation for interaction with parents in terms of inclusive education have been described. They are: stimulation of future primary school teachers’ motivational-value and responsible attitude to the knowledge acquisition, skills and habits of interaction with parents in terms of inclusive education; the use of training facilities for higher educational institutions to acquire future primary school teachers’ appropriate competence through: improvement and integration of the professional and professionally oriented academic disciplines content, application of innovative and traditional learning technologies in the context of preparation for interaction with parents in the context of inclusive education; direction of educational and pedagogical practice on experience improvement of future primary school teachers’ interaction with parents in terms of inclusive education. It has been specified that only the harmonized observance of all conditions will be a guarantee of qualitative future primary school teachers’ preparation to interacting with parents under inclusive education conditions. With the purpose of special teachers training to form future primary school teachers’ ability to interact with parents in terms of inclusive education it has been recommended to conduct not only tradi-tional educational and methodological or scientific-practical seminars, but also trainings, coaching, webinars, first of all, in online mode. It has been indicated that such forms of work nowadays become very popular because of their availability, dedication to production and innovation: extra-mural/distance participation; easy access to social networks and websites; the practical nature of the information: empirical material with confirmatory video stories; providing specific advice on decision making in pedagogical situations; the possibility of revising in case of indirect participation and in the situation of certain aspects additional clarification; constant information updating taking into account the most recent trends and so on.
COMPARATIVE EXPERIENCE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINANCING SMALL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Huszar Elisabeth
Published: November 2018

The article considers existing criteria of estimation of financing subjects of small business in Germany and Russia for raising its effectiveness for Russia. We analyzed main directions and mechanisms of state support in these countries. The conducted analysis demonstrated that effectiveness indices of the activity of small enterprises in FGR essentially exceed analogous indices of the activity of enterprises of EU countries. A contribution, brought by small enterprises in the development of economy of Germany is just inestimable. For functioning and financing the activity of small enterprises in FGR, there were accepted correspondent normative acts, for example, the Trade code, one of which main statements is the following: family enterprises are encouraged in Germany by giving them the free access at markets, and there are different limitations for big enterprises. The parity of competitive flows is observed by prohibiting small business purchase for big enterprises – in Germany small enterprises are distinctly divided in dependent and independent by strict statistical accounting of these companies. The author denoted base state structures, curating programs for supporting small enterprises in Germany comparing with infrastructures, engaged for supporting subjects of small and middle business, existing in Russia. Unfortunately, program arrangements for supporting subjects of small business in RF don’t include special measures for supporting priority types of activity. The support is mainly directed on certain categories of citizens: unemployed, families with many children, youth and so on.
The Landscape of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (Shp2) and Cancer
Authors: Rehman Ashfaq Ur , Rahman Mueed Ur , Khan Muhammad T. , Saud Shah , Liu Hao , Song Dong , Sultana Pinky , Wadood Abdul , Chen Hai-Feng
Published: November 2018

Role of Shp2: The dysregulation of cell signaling cascades associated with the cell differentiation and
growth, due to the deletion, insertion or point mutation in specific amino acids which alters the intrinsic conformation
of the protein, can ultimately lead to a fatal cancer disease. The protein tyrosine phosphatase has been
recognized as a key regulator of extracellular stimuli such as cytokine receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
In the last era, the PTPN11 gene (encode a Shp2 protein) and its association with acute myeloid, juvenile
myelomonocytic, and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Noonan syndrome, and myelodysplastic have been
recognized as the cause of such deadly disease due to the occurrence of germline mutations in the interface of
PTP and SH2 domain.

Conclusion:

The current study was designed to focus on the allosteric regulation (autoinhibition) of the of Shp2
protein. Subsequently, it will cover the last 10-year recap of Shp2 protein, their role in cancer, and regulation in
numerous ways (allosteric regulation).
Computational and Experimental Binding Mechanism of DNA-drug Interactions
Authors: Selvaraj Chandrabose , Singh Sanjeev K.
Published: November 2018

Nucleic acid is the key unit and a predominant genetic material for interpreting the fundamental basis
of genetic information in an organism and now it is used for the evolution of a novel group of therapeutics. To
identify the potential impact on the biological science, it receives high recognition in therapeutic applications.
Due to its selective recognition of molecular targets and pathways, DNA significantly imparts tremendous specificity
of action. Examining the properties of DNA holds numerous advantages in assembly, interconnects, computational
elements, along with potential applications of DNA self-assembly and scaffolding include nanoelectronics,
biosensors, and programmable/autonomous molecular machines. The interaction of low molecular weight,
small molecules with DNA is a significant feature in pharmacology. Based on the mode of binding mechanisms,
small molecules are categorized as intercalators and groove binders having a significant role in target-based drug
development. The understanding mechanism of drug-DNA interaction plays an important role in the development
of novel drug molecules with more effective and lesser side effects. This article attempts to outline those interactions
of drug-DNA with both experimental and computational advances, including ultraviolet (UV) -visible spectroscopy,
fluorescent spectroscopy, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), molecular docking
and dynamics, and quantum mechanical applications.
Prostate Cancer Gene Regulatory Network Inferred from RNA-Seq Data
Authors: Moore Daniel , de Matos Simoes Ricardo , Dehmer Matthias , Emmert-Streib Frank
Published: November 2018

Background:

Cancer is a complex disease with a lucid etiology and in understanding the
causation, we need to appreciate this complexity.

Objective:

Here we are aiming to gain insights into the genetic associations of prostate cancer through
a network-based systems approach using the BC3Net algorithm.

Methods:

Specifically, we infer a prostate cancer Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) from a large-scale
gene expression data set of 333 patient RNA-seq profiles obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas
(TCGA) database.

Results:

We analyze the functional components of the inferred network by extracting subnetworks
based on biological process information and interpret the role of known cancer genes within each process.
Furthermore, we investigate the local landscape of prostate cancer genes and discuss pathological
associations that may be relevant in the development of new targeted cancer therapies.

Conclusion:

Our network-based analysis provides a practical systems biology approach to reveal the
collective gene-interactions of prostate cancer. This allows a close interpretation of biological activity
in terms of the hallmarks of cancer.
Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evalution of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 1 (CRMP 1) Inhibitors
Authors: Panchal Ishan I. , Rajput Roshani , Patel Ashish D.
Published: November 2018

Objective:

The series of 2-(4-Phenylamino)-N-(5-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazol-
2-yl)aceta-mide (5a-5e) and substituted N-(5-(Phenoxymethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-2-
(phenylamino)acetamide (5f-5i) was designed, synthesized and investigated for Collapsin Response
Mediator Protein 1 (CRMP 1) inhibitors as small lung cancer.

Design:

Design of compounds was determined by literature review and molecular docking studies
in iGEMDOCK 2.0.

Materials and Methods:

Novel 1, 3, 4 Oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized
by melting point, TLC, IR Spectroscopy, Mass spectroscopy and 1H NMR. In vitro biological
evaluation was performed on NCI-H2066 cell line for different concentrations 10-1000μM by telomeric
repeat amplification protocol assay. The assay of telomerase in cellular extracts was modified
from the PCR-based Telomeric-Repeat Amplification Protocol (TRAP), using the oligonucleotides
TS and CX.

Results:

Novel substituted 2-(4-Phenylamino)-N-(5-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-
yl) acetamide (5a-5e) and substituted N-(5-(Phenoxymethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-2-(phenylamino)
acetamide (5f-5i) were synthesized, and characterized using spectral and analytical data.
All compounds have shown considerable % inhibition of Cell Growth with respect to Bevacizumab,
but compound 5a and 5f were equipotent with respect to activity as compared to standard
Bevacizumab.

Conclusion:

Amongst the hybrids, p-nitro substituted derivative (5a) and p-chloro substituted (5f)
showed the highest activity against human lung cancer cell line NCI-H2066 by TRAP assay.
Synthesis of Novel Bis-pyrazoles via Electrophilic Cyclization
Authors: Cetin Adnan
Published: November 2018

Efficient steps towards the synthesis of novel (phenyl)(1'-aryl-1,5,5'-triphenyl[3,3'-bi-1Hpyrazol]-
4-yl)methanones 4a-e were developed. The procedure starts from 1-(4-benzoyl-1,5-diphenyl-
1H-3-pyrazolyl)-3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-one (2) which was synthesized by a palladium catalyzed crosscoupling
reaction. Compound 2 reacted with various hydrazines to give (E)-(phenyl)[1,5-diphenyl-3-
[3-phenyl-1-(2-arylhydrazono)-2-propyn-1-yl]-1H-4-pyrazolyl]methanones E-3a-e. The bis-pyrazole
derivatives 4a-e were synthesized from electrophilic cyclization reaction of α,β-acetylenic hydrazones
E-3a-e and copper(I) iodide. All synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR
and Mass spectral analyses.
Tertiary Enamides: Versatile and Available Substrates in Synthetic Chemistry
Authors: Cai Xiaohua , Yang Mengzhi , Guo Hui
Published: November 2018

Background:

Enamines and their variant enamides as powerful and versatile synthons have attracted
great attention in synthetic chemistry. Enamides display unique stability and reduce enaminic reactivity in view
of the electron-withdrawing effect of N-acyl group. A great deal of satisfactory achievements in the synthesis
and application of enamides has been made in recent years. Especially, tertiary enamides without N-H bond
regarded as low reactivity of compounds in the past can act as excellent nucleophiles to react with electrophiles
for the construction of various nitrous molecules.

Objective: This review focuses on recent advances on tertiary enamides in the synthetic strategies and applications
including addition, coupling reaction, functionalization and electro- or photo-chemical reaction.

Conclusion:

Tertiary enamides as electron-deficient nucleophiles display a satisfactory balance between stability
and reactivity to offer multiple opportunities for the construction of various functionalized nitrogencontaining
compounds. Further exploration of the reactive mechanisms involved tertiary enamides and the development
of novel and efficient transformations to generate ever more complex building blocks starting from
tertiary enamides are particularly worth pursuing.
Synthesis of Phenyl- and Pyridyl-substituted Benzyloxybenzaldehydes by Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions
Authors: Bölcskei Hedvig , Német-Hanzelik Andrea , Dubrovay Zsófia , Háda Viktor , Keglevich György
Published: November 2018

Background:

Aryl-methoxybenzaldehydes substituted in various positions may serve as
valuable starting materials for the synthesis of biologically active compounds.

Methods:

Biaryl-methoxybenzaldehydes and pyridyl-aryl-methoxybenzaldehydes were synthesized
by the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions as intermediates of potential drug substances.
Three different catalytic approaches were compared. The classical Suzuki method utilising
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and sodium ethoxide, the protocol applying palladium acetate
and tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, and the method using tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and
cesium carbonate, were studied.

Results:

The selected boronic acids were the classical phenylboronic acid, as well as 4-pyridineand
3-pyridineboronic acids. 26 New biaryl-methoxybenzaldehydes or pyridyl-phenylmethoxybenzaldehydes
have been synthesized, which may be intermediates for pharmaceutically
active compounds.

Conclusion:

The method of Anderson et al. was preferred, because it provides satisfactory results
in all cases.
Effects of Dietary Intake and Supplementation of Fatty Acids on Cardiometabolic Disorders in Humans: a Lesson from a Large Number of Meta-Analyses
Authors: Yamagishi Sho-ichi , Matsui Takanori
Published: November 2018

Dietary fatty acids have exerted numerous pathophysiological effects in humans. Indeed,
monounsaturated fatty acids and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are generally thought to have favorable
cardiometabolic actions via their anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties, while saturated
fatty acids and trans fatty acids are supposed to contribute to the development and progression
of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases by inducing dyslipidemia and obesity. However, there is
much controversy about the effects of dietary intake and supplementation of fatty acids on cardiometabolic
disorders. Therefore, in the present study, we limited the scope of this review to metaanalyses
(1) of observational studies of dietary intake of fatty acids and (2) of interventional trials
with fatty acid supplements to scrutinize the role of fatty acids in various cardiometabolic disorders.
We discuss here the clinical effects of fatty acids from dietary intake or supplements on incidence of
diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and body weight, cardiovascular diseases and total mortality,
and also review the association of fatty acid biomarkers with these cardiometabolic disorders.
Cloning Safe Driving Behavior for Self-Driving Cars using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Farag Wael
Published: November 2018

Background:

In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to learn safe driving
behavior and smooth steering manoeuvring, is proposed as an empowerment of autonomous driving
technologies. The training data is collected from a front-facing camera and the steering commands
issued by an experienced driver driving in traffic as well as urban roads.

Methods:

This data is then used to train the proposed CNN to facilitate what it is called “Behavioral
Cloning”. The proposed Behavior Cloning CNN is named as “BCNet”, and its deep seventeen-layer
architecture has been selected after extensive trials. The BCNet got trained using Adam’s optimization
algorithm as a variant of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) technique.

Results:

The paper goes through the development and training process in details and shows the image
processing pipeline harnessed in the development.

Conclusion:

The proposed approach proved successful in cloning the driving behavior embedded in
the training data set after extensive simulations.
Classification and Retrieval of Images Based on Extensive Context and Content Feature Set
Authors: Rao Thiriveedhi Yellamanda Srinivasa , Reddy Pakanati Chenna
Published: November 2018

Background:

This paper renders a classification and retrieval of image achievements in
the search area of image retrieval, especially content-based image retrieval, an area that has been
very active and successful in the past few years.

Objective:

Primarily the features extracted established on the bag of visual words (BOW) can be arranged
by utilizing Scaling Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and developed K-Means clustering
method.

Methods:

The texture is extracted for a developed multi-texton method by our study. Our retrieval
process consists of two stages such as retrieval and classification. The images will be classified established
on the features by applying k- Nearest Neighbor (kNN) algorithm. This will separate the
images into various classes in order to develop the precision and recall rate initially.

Results:

After the classification of images, the similar images are retrieved from the relevant class as
per the afforded query image.
MÉXICO 2018: EN BUSCA DEL TIEMPO PERDIDO, FRANCISCO SUÁREZ DÁVILA
Authors: Cordera Campos Rolando
Published: November 2018

Esta recensión se basa en el texto En busca del desarrollo extraviado y para inventar tiempo que leí en ocasión de la presentación del libro de Francisco Suárez Dávila, obra que es “un testimonio, reflejo de (sus) experiencias e ideas”. En su opinión, dado el cuadro desolado de nuestra situación nacional, ni qué decir de los exabruptos y agresiones de Trump y los suyos, nuestro proceso electoral podría presentarse como “gran oportunidad para una reflexión nacional honesta que construya un nuevo consenso nacional para el siglo XXI, no de visiones contrapuestas, que no se escuchan entre sí”.

Para ello recurre a la gran imagen que Proust nos ha legado en el título de uno de los libros de su gran novela: tratar de recuperar aquello que, como arena,
se desliza entre los dedos. En el caso del gran literato es el tiempo; en el nuestro, el extravío del desarrollo y la confusión acumulativa de la política, que obligan a hacer un honesto corte de caja; una crítica robusta y aguda de nuestros abusos y desvaríos, sin soslayar los logros.

El libro está compuesto por cuatro bien armados y muy sugerentes capítulos: “¿De dónde venimos”; “En dónde estamos? 2018: México ante un parteaguas histórico”; “Un modelo alternativo al neoliberal. El neodesarrollismo de los países emergentes exitosos”; “¿Hacia dónde vamos? Una nueva estrategia de política económica, con un Estado desarrollador y una sociedad incluyente”...
¿SINCRONIZACIÓN FISCAL EN EL NIVEL SUBNACIONAL? MÉXICO 1989-2016
Authors: Ramírez Cedillo Eduardo , López Herrera Francisco
Published: November 2018

RESUMEN

La relación entre ingresos y gastos del sector público mexicano en el nivel subnacional, incluyendo su nivel de respuesta para recuperarse de un desequilibrio fiscal, ha recibido poca atención. Este artículo contribuye a la comprensión de esa relación, clave para el diseño de la política fiscal y las finanzas públicas. Nuestro marco teórico son las cuatro hipótesis prevalecientes en la vasta literatura teórica y empírica producida en el mundo, inicialmente enfocada en el nivel nacional y que se extiende ya al ámbito subnacional. El estudio que presentamos se basa en técnicas de análisis para paneles de datos que consideran la heterogeneidad de las entidades federativas. La evidencia muestra que predomina la sincronización fiscal con buenos niveles de respuesta para la recuperación de los desequilibrios; encontramos también algún apoyo para otras hipótesis.

 

FISCAL SYNCHRONIZATION AT SUBNATIONAL LEVEL? MEXICO 1989-2016

ABSTRACT

The relationship between income and expenditure of the Mexican public sector at subnational level —including its level of response to recover from a fiscal imbalance—, key to the design of fiscal policy and public finance, has received little attention. This article contributes to the understanding of such relationship. Our theoretical framework is based on the four hypotheses found in the vast theoretical and empirical literature, which initially focused on the national level and later on the subnational level. The present study relies on data panel techniques considering the heterogeneity of the Mexican republic’s states. The evidence shows predominance of fiscal synchronization with good levels of response for the recovery from imbalances; some support for other hypotheses is also found.
Modelos psicolinguísticos de produção da linguagem verbal oral
Authors: Scliar-Cabral Leonor
Published: November 2018

Os modelos psicolinguísticos de produção da linguagem verbal se deparam com a dificuldade de formalizar as representações mentais das intenções pragmáticas para produzir um texto oral, bem como a dos conceitos essenciais, ambos com a função de orientar o planejamento textual. Tal dificuldade ocasiona desafios a designs experimentais que possam falsear hipóteses de trabalho (POPPER, 2004, p. 41-43). A maior parte dos modelos psicolinguísticos de produção da linguagem verbal oral se refere à abertura de um tópico e não ao diálogo em curso, na sequência à fala de um interlocutor. Aludo aos precursores, provindos da neurologia, como Broca (2004) e Wernicke (CAMPOS FILHO, 2002-2003) e examino os modelos psicolinguísticos, começando pelo pioneiro de Fromkin (1973), detendo-me, em maior profundidade no de Levelt e colegas (1999), com os aportes mais recentes (ROELOFS; FERREIRA, 2017). Os exemplos são todos adaptados ao português brasileiro (PB). Concluo com a hipótese de que, à medida que os níveis de processamento se tornam mais baixos, com paradigmas fechados, constituídos por um menor número de elementos, os processamentos são automatizados e encapsulados. Tal enfoque vai ao encontro da proposta de Fodor (1983), ao dividir os processamentos mentais em horizontais (os chamados processamentos criativos) e verticais (os processamentos compulsórios e modulares).
A vitalidade identitária de contornos entonacionais característicos do falar manezinho
Authors: Seara Izabel Christine , Sosa Juan Manuel , Oliveira Roberta Pires de
Published: November 2018

Este artigo descreve um contorno entonacional que particulariza uma variedade dialetal - o falar manezinho - e aventa a hipótese de “interface" entre prosódia e semântica/pragmática em que um mesmo contorno prosódico é associado a diferentes significações pelo manezinho e pelo não manezinho. Seara e Sosa (2017), estudando o falar manezinho, observaram um contorno declarativo com upstep em falantes mais velhos (acima de 50 anos) ainda não descrito na literatura. Esse contorno apresenta, no núcleo entonacional, um pico bastante alto seguido por uma drástica queda na parte inferior do registro do falante ((LH) ¡H*L% - representação fonológica do pitch apoiada na teoria métrica autossegmental (PIERREHUMBERT, 1980; entre outros). Essa investigação mostrou que, embora os mais jovens produzam o contorno com upstep, esse contorno apresenta uma subida não tão alta quanto a exibida pelos mais velhos. Realizamos um teste de discriminação com os contornos com upstep com características similares às dos sujeitos mais velhos e, com um teste de identificação, averiguamos o valor semântico-pragmático desses contornos. O teste de discriminação mostrou que o contorno com upstep tem vitalidade entre os mais jovens, mesmo que apresente uma subida não tão relevante quanto à apresentada pelos mais velhos. O teste de identificação mostrou que contornos com upstep mais proeminente foram identificados pelos ouvintes não manezinhos como uma pergunta (17%); no entanto, nenhum ouvinte manezinho compreendeu que estava diante de uma pergunta. Esses resultados parecem sugerir que há indícios de que se trata de duas variedades distintas e requer o aprofundamento das análises.
Espacialidade e processos metonímicos na canção “Querência amada”
Authors: Silva dos Santos Odair José , Pedroso de Moraes Feltes Heloísa
Published: November 2018

A cultura gauchesca tem vínculos estreitos com a formação geográfica do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), e isso é representado, por exemplo, em letras de canções regionais quando as formas geotopológicas (relevo, vegetação e hidrografia) são mencionadas para referir espacialidade. Com base nisso, este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os vocábulos que designam espacialidade da letra “Querência amada”, ícone de sucesso no tradicionalismo gaúcho e que apresenta como tema os traços do espaço que podem significar afeto e sentido de pertença, enfatizando o papel dos processos de metonimização, baseados em frames de natureza histórica e socioculturais, nas referências espaciais ao e do Rio Grande do Sul.
Observações sobre o pejorativo sufixal: testando a intuição dos falantes diante de uma teoria de fase nas palavras
Authors: Minussi Rafael Dias , Oliveira Caroline Da Silva
Published: November 2018

Buscamos investigar as relações entre as propriedades semânticas e as propriedades sintáticas das formações de nomes pejorativos, refletindo sobre bases, afixos, produtos, e as relações estabelecidas entre eles Seguindo o modelo teórico da Morfologia Distribuída (Cf. HALLE; MARANTZ, 1993; MARANTZ, 1997), propomo-nos investigar e descrever a interface sintático-semântica (Cf. MINUSSI; NÓBREGA, 2014) na qual as formações pejorativas podem estar inseridas. Fundamentados em Frota (1985) e Sandmann (1989), por meio dos quais determinamos inicialmente quais sufixos seriam estudados, e, a teoria de fase nas palavras (MARANTZ, 2001; ARAD, 2003), selecionamos 306 palavras, em textos orais e escritos, coletados nas mais diversas mídias, tendo como conceito fundamental a intuição do falante. Realizamos testes para verificar a pejoratividade das bases, das formações resultantes e dos sufixos. A análise dos respectivos dados resultou na criação de uma escala de pejoratividade. Desse modo, entre os objetivos a serem alcançados no trabalho estão: a) contribuir para uma metodologia de investigação a respeito da pejoratividade, b) investigar a contribuição semântica do sufixo para a interpretação da pejoratividade, c) avançar no desenvolvimento dos estudos sobre a formação de palavras pejorativas e d) realizar uma análise da pejoratividade à luz da teoria de fase.
Orações causais e estrutura informacional da sentença
Authors: Rodrigues Patrícia
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho investiga as orações causais do português brasileiro introduzidas por porque. O objetivo principal é mostrar que, para obter-se uma análise adequada dessas orações, é necessário levar em conta a estrutura informacional da sentença. Em geral, assume-se implicitamente que as orações causais próprias com porque são sempre focalizadas, e, por esse motivo, são analisadas como orações subordinadas de predicado. Este artigo mostra que é possível atribuir diferentes estruturas informacionais a essas construções: ou (i) a construção causal é associada a uma única estrutura foco-pressuposição, em que a oração subordinante veicula a pressuposição, e a oração causal, o foco; ou (ii) a construção causal pode ser associada a duas estruturas foco-pressuposição distintas. Argumenta-se que, enquanto a análise como subordinada de predicado se aplica corretamente aos casos descritos em (i), essa análise não é adequada aos casos descritos em (ii). Conclui-se que a oração causal nesses casos deve ser analisada como uma oração subordinada de frase.
Uma leitura cognitiva do processo de perda não patológica de língua materna
Authors: Kupske Felipe Flores , Gutierres Athany
Published: November 2018

O processo de perda não patológica de uma língua materna, aqui tomado como atrito de L1, é um fenômeno que apenas recentemente tem sido investigado com mais afinco nos estudos linguísticos e que, aos poucos, tem sido aproximado de paradigmas e modelos teóricos que o possam acomodar. Diante dessa lacuna teórica, então, buscamos, neste trabalho, uma interpretação do atrito de L1 à luz de um paradigma teórico de cognição, mais especificamente o paradigma conexionista, aproximação ainda não feita na literatura da área. Em nossa investigação, podemos perceber que o paradigma conexionista, sensível à dinamicidade inerente à linguagem, sobretudo pela previsão de uma representação linguística complexa e por considerar o uso efetivo da linguagem como norte para o desenvolvimento linguístico, é um modelo teórico capaz de explicar o atrito linguístico.
Controle metodológico: criação de um corpus para estudos sobre o processamento lexical de indivíduos bilíngues e multilíngues
Authors: Barbosa Pinto Nalim , Arêas da Luz Fontes Ana Beatriz
Published: November 2018

Estudos sobre o acesso lexical multilíngue utilizam tarefas de decisão lexical para comparar o processamento de palavras cognatas com não-cognatas e investigar se há co-ativação das línguas durante o processamento em uma língua só. Para entender como funciona esse processo em trilíngues Português/Inglês/Italiano a partir de uma tarefa de decisão lexical em italiano, foi elaborado um corpus seguindo as seguintes etapas: seleção de 1129 substantivos em italiano que possuem de 4 a 8 letras, e suas frequências de ocorrência; tradução das palavras italianas para o português e para o inglês; classificação das palavras como cognatas nas três línguas, cognatas italiano-português, cognatas italiano-inglês e não-cognatas nas três línguas, de acordo com um índice de similaridade ortográfica (SO); e classificação de ambiguidade lexical no italiano. Foram retiradas da lista as palavras homônimas, restando apenas palavras sem ambiguidade ou polissêmicas. A seguir, pseudopalavras foram criadas a partir de palavras existentes em italiano.  Após essa etapa, separamos as palavras por condição e calculamos as médias de frequência, número de letras e de sílabas e similaridade ortográfica para averiguar, estatisticamente, se eram iguais. Por fim, a lista de palavras que irá compor a tarefa de decisão lexical em italiano conta com três condições de 22 palavras cognatas cada, uma de 66 não-cognatas e uma de 132 pseudopalavras. Essa tarefa nos permitirá verificar a co-ativação do inglês e do português no acesso lexical de palavras em italiano.
O processamento de Nominais Nus em PB: investigando interfaces entre domínios cognitivos
Authors: De Souza Michele Monteiro , Name Cristina
Published: November 2018

Este estudo investiga o uso de nominais nus (NNs) por falantes nativos do português brasileiro (PB) do ponto de vista do processamento linguístico. Diferentemente de outras línguas, NNs no PB se apresentam tanto no singular quanto no plural, em posição pré-verbal e pós-verbal e em diferentes contextos sintático-semânticos, de modo que sua ocorrência pode estar ligada a relações não apenas entre domínios intralinguísticos (sintaxe-semântica), mas também entre o domínio linguístico e outros domínios cognitivos (na relação entre sintaxe e discurso/pragmática). Foi realizado um experimento com a tarefa de nomeação de imagem, a fim de eliciar a produção de sentenças contendo NNs em posição pré-verbal com sentido genérico, kind e episódico. Os resultados sugerem que o uso de NNs em PB por falantes monolíngues tende à opcionalidade e são discutidos à luz da Hipótese das Interfaces (SORACE; FILIACI, 2006).
Quando 'falar' vira ordem: a construção FALAR PARA V. infinitivo em Português, uma explicação cognitiva
Authors: Menezes Vanda Maria Cardozo de
Published: November 2018

Neste artigo, focalizamos a construção FALAR PARA V.infinitivo no Português do Brasil (PB), na oralidade e na escrita, em contextos em que emerge sentido manipulativo. O compartilhamento de domínios semântico-gramaticais entre os verbos pedir e falar, tais como a conceptualização de “atividade comunicativa com o uso da palavra” e a possibilidade de complementação com que V. finito e com para V.infinitivo, direcionou-nos para a investigação sobre as similaridades e diferenças que as construções com esses verbosapresentam.Com tal propósito, estabelecemos contraste com o Português Europeu (PE),na mesma sincronia, considerando o pressuposto cognitivista de que diversificações semânticas são resultantes de diferenças de conceptualização. Buscamos, assim, identificar as operações cognitivas envolvidas nos processos de conceptualização que permeiam as escolhas dos falantes, tanto no sentido para a estabilidade quanto para a mudança semântica. As concepções de perspectivação e de subjetificação, tomadas dos estudos desenvolvidos por Traugott (1989), Traugott e Dasher (2002) e Langacker (2008), nortearam a análise dos dados, que aponta a construção FALAR PARA V.infinitivo como um exemplo de processo de mudança semântica no Português do Brasil (PB), na oralidade e na escrita.
Língua: cognição e usos
Authors: Kenedy Eduardo , Donazzan Marta
Published: November 2018

Apresentação à Gragoatá 46.
Empirical method for predicting the enthalpy changes of combustion of amides
Authors: Ryskaliyeva Alma , Baltabayev Murat , Abaeva Kurmankul
Published: November 2018

The enthalpy change of combustion is one of the basic thermochemical characteristics of an organic compound, indicating the amount of heat produced in the complete combustion of the substance. The enthalpy changes of combustion of many organic compounds have been experimentally determined. Hitherto, the existing empirical approaches have aimed at calculating the combustion enthalpy change of individual classes only, which do not always satisfactorily agree with the experimental results. Therefore, the method of correlation?regression analysis is proposed herein to establish the combustion enthalpy changes of previously unexplored compounds. As is known, a linear relationship between two characteristics is possible only if both of them obey the principle of additivity, i.e., in a homologous series of organic compounds with increasing number of CH2-groups, the value of additive characteristic (for example, the enthalpy change of vaporization) should increase by a certain constant amount.
Usability Testing on Android Application of Infrastructure and Facility Reporting Management Information System
Authors: Wicaksono Satrio Agung , Firdausy Danniar Reza , Saputra Mochamad Chandra
Published: November 2018

Decline in quality caused by daily use of facilities and infrastructure owned by an organization will certainly disrupt its function in supporting the performance of the organization. The solution that came from the research that has been conducted before is to develop android applications called Infiremis (Infrastructure and Facility Reporting Management Information System), that can be used to report damage to facilities and infrastructure and to track the status reporting. This android application was developed to be used by students, lecturers and staffs of Faculty of Computer Science Brawijaya University which those users has different background persona. Therefore, the usability of this android application need be tested to find out the value of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction of the application to fulfill its purpose. This research was conducted mainly to discover the result of usability testing towards the android application of infrastructure and facility reporting management information system. Based on Usability Testing that has been done show that the level of effectiveness and satisfaction of Infiremis respectively is 97,14% and 89,7%, whereas for the efficiency score is 89,9%.
Analisis Jaringan Petri pada Jalur Angkutan Umum di Jombang Menggunakan Aljabar Max-Plus
Authors: Rakhmawati Nahlia , Hartiningrum Esty Saraswati Nur
Published: November 2018

The aim of this research is to get a representation of public transport systems in max-plus algebra after the system is simulated into the timeless petri net function. The analysis includes how to simulate the model of public transport transportation on the petri net function and then convert it into the form of a max-plus algebra matrix and then compile a model that meets
АВТОМАТИЗОВАНА СИСТЕМА ВИМІРУ ТА РОЗРАХУНКУ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ІМПУЛЬСНОГО ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОГО СТРУМУ
Authors: Jartovsky Oleksandr , Kravchenko Valeriy , Larichkin Oleksii , Karyahin Zhan
Published: November 2018

Актуальність теми дослідження. Імпульсні технології застосовуються в різноманітних технологічних процесах обробки матеріалів [1–3], наприклад, у зміцненні металевих поверхонь за допомогою імпульсного магнітного поля [4–7] або електричного струму для зміцнення поверхні за допомогою модифікування [8], а також у екологічних проектах [9].
Постановка проблеми. Для розробників технологічних процесів важливим є дотримання параметрів енергетичних показників імпульсного електричного струму. У процесі розроблення технологій вирішується питання суперечностей між можливостями технологічного обладнання та складністю виміру та дотримання необхідних параметрів. Тому для дослідників потрібні надійні системи виміру й розрахунку показників параметрів імпульсного електричного струму.
Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Публікації про автоматизовані системи для виміру й розрахунку енергетичних показників імпульсного електричного струму обмежені за обсягом і напрямками. Наявні підходи [10–12] до створення обладнання не пропонують комп’ютеризованих методів обліку й розрахунку показників параметрів імпульсного електричного струму.
Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Тому розробки автоматизованих систем вимірювання енергетичних показників імпульсного електричного струму для технологічних процесів актуальні.
Постановка завдання. Метою роботи є розробка автоматизованої системи вимірювання та створення програмного забезпечення для автоматизованого виміру й розрахунку енергетичних показників імпульсів електричного струму.
Завдання роботи передбачає:
- розроблення керованого генератора імпульсів електричного струму;
- розроблення програмного забезпечення для автоматизованого виміру і розрахунку параметрів енергетичних показників імпульсів електричного струму.
Виклад основного матеріалу. Була розроблена автоматизована система вимірювання та розрахунку, створено програмний продукт для автоматизованого виміру енергетичних показників імпульсів електричного струму. Для цього розроблено схему автоматизованої системи, керований генератор імпульсів електричного струму і програмне забезпечення для автоматизованого виміру й розрахунку енергетичних показників імпульсів електричного струму.
Висновки відповідно до статті. Була розроблена автоматизована система вимірювання й розрахунку, створено програмний продукт для автоматизованого виміру та розрахунку енергетичних показників імпульсів електричного струму.
El problema del estatus moral
Authors: Álvarez Flores Matt
Published: November 2018

El presente artículo intentará aclarar el concepto de estatus moral. Para lograr este fin se empezará analizando la caracterización que hizo Mary Warren de este concepto. Luego de este análisis se ofrecerá una caracterización propia del estatus moral. Finalmente se procederá a desarrollar cuatro puntos que creo son de importancia para este concepto: los pacientes morales, los criterios usados para atribuir estatus moral y los grados en el estatus moral.
Actitudes de los padres hacia la homosexualidad de sus hijos
Authors: Uribe Hinostroza Marilú , Javier Pérez Edy Silvia , Arotoma Requena Ruth Magaly
Published: November 2018

La investigación evidencia las actitudes que asumen los padres/madres ante la revelación de la orientación homosexual de sus hijos/hijas y describe el rol que asumen en el proceso de acompañamiento en la integración a una sociedad predominantemente heterosexual, el estudio involucró 60 personas adultas entre padres y madres con hijos o hijas de orientación homosexual, se aplicó el enfoque mixto y el diseño explicativo secuencial (Dexplis). Los resultados muestran que el proceso de reconocimiento y aceptación de la orientación sexual pasa por tres momentos fundamentales: el primero de auto reconocimiento, el segundo de aceptación familiar y el tercero de integración a una sociedad predominantemente heterosexual. Los tres momentos implican una situación de sufrimiento y conflicto traumático. En el segundo momento los padres se enteran de la orientación homosexual de sus hijos o hijas y las manifestaciones iniciales son de negación, rechazo sustentado en un prejuicio social y miedo a la censura, posteriormente luego de un proceso de asimilación y aceptación asumen un rol de apoyo emocional y soporte social.
Medidas socioeducativas y regenerativas que sustituyen la privación de libertad en la responsabilidad penal de los adolescentes. Caso estado Mérida (Venezuela)
Authors: Quiroga de Sánchez Melisa , Zerpa Bonillo Sonia , Lizcano Chapeta Carlos
Published: November 2018

La presente investigación buscó analizar los principios y preceptos jurídicos que se toman en cuenta para la sustitución de la privación de libertad en el Sistema Penal de Responsabilidad de Adolescentes en la Sección de Adolescentes del Circuito Judicial Penal del Estado Bolivariano de Mérida durante el año 2016. En ese sentido, se construyó un estudio de campo fundamentado en la recopilación de información de fuentes primarias, a través de entrevistas estructuradas aplicadas a los funcionarios públicos que laboran en la mencionada dependencia del Poder Judicial, y apoyado en la documentación teórica que al respecto han reflejado tanto la doctrina, la jurisprudencia y la parte legal. Asimismo, se acudió a una muestra de siete (7) individuos: dos (2) Fiscales del Ministerio Público, tres (3) Defensoras Públicas y dos (2) Jueces de Ejecución. Se concluyó que la concesión del beneficio de reemplazo de una medida tan radical como la reclusión, depende de la discreción del Juez de Ejecución que evalúa esencialmente la conducta del sancionado intramuros a través de los datos expuestos en los informes evolutivos entregados por los equipos multidisciplinarios y de su propia valoración, para determinar la intención del adolescente de regenerarse, de no reincidir en el delito, de asumir su responsabilidad, de comprender los alcances de su conducta lesiva y de resarcir el daño ocasionado, así como el hecho de que dichos cambios de perspectiva son perdurables en el tiempo.
Método de resolución de problemas y desarrollo de competencias en el área de Matemática en estudiantes de educación secundaria
Authors: Gavidia Medrano Judith Esther
Published: November 2018

El artículo presenta la influencia del método de resolución de problemas en el desarrollo de competencias en el área de matemática, de una investigación  aplicada-explicativa de diseño cuasi experimental. En el grupo experimental se aplicó el método de resolución de problemas y en el grupo de control las sesiones en forma tradicional. Los resultados del grupo experimental se ubican entre logros previsto y destacado; del grupo de control entre inicio y en proceso, las diferencias son significativas. El método de resolución de problemas influye positivamente en el desarrollo de competencias en el área de matemática en estudiantes de educación secundaria.
La intervención profesional del trabajo social con familias en contextos de pobreza urbana persistente en Argentina
Authors: Ierullo Martin , Gamardo Mónica Adriana
Published: November 2018

Durante la última década, el Estado Argentino ha avanzado en un cambio legislativo relativo a cuestiones de familias que ha tendido a un mayor reconocimiento de derechos frente a las nuevas configuraciones y características que asumen tanto las organizaciones familiares como las infancias en el contexto actual. El artículo analiza las tensiones que se producen en relación a la intervención social con familias en situación de pobreza urbana persistente, a partir de la puesta en marcha de las nuevas legislaciones y de los dispositivos institucionales creados por las mismas. Se analizan las cuestiones vinculadas a la accesibilidad de las instituciones estatales y a los abordajes que las mismas encaran frente a la complejidad que presentan las problemáticas que atraviesan las familias. Asimismo, se reflexiona acerca de las implicancias de la persistencia de la lógica familiarista (sustentada en el modelo de familia nuclear y principalmente en la familiarización y maternalización de los cuidados) en las prácticas de intervención social con familias.
Agricultura familiar en Colombia. Comprensiones y favorecimiento con crédito rural
Authors: Amaya Myriam Mercedes Cala , Macedo Luiz Otavio Bau
Published: November 2018

El sector rural colombiano, donde la agricultura familiartiene un alto significado por la cantidad de hogares que cubre, siguesumido en condiciones de pobreza y vulnerabilidad a pesar de habersevenido implementando la comprensión del Enfoque Territorial deDesarrollo Rural (TDR), como opción para integrar a las regiones enprocesos de desarrollo endógeno, con fortalecimiento institucional,encadenamientos productivos y visión de integración internacional.La política pública implementada buscando desarrollo rural en el país,no ha sido efectiva en mejora de indicadores referentes al PIB, asícomo en favorecer la tendencia de participación en la bancarización yel fortalecimiento de la economía, vinculando a las poblacionespobres. Esto se concluye luego de analizar la forma como se comprendela Agricultura Familiar en la política pública nacional y como se favorececon el crédito de fomento al sector rural.