bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF LOADING ON DEGRADATION OF TAPER ROLLER BEARING USING VIBRATION SIGNAL
Authors: SINGH MANPREET , KUMAR RAJEEV , SHOOR SUMIT
Published: March 2023

Studies reveal that the most prominent cause of bearing failure is a crack on any of its mating surfaces. When the crack is initiated, the bearing can still be used for some duration, but this is majorly depending upon the loading conditions. This work primarily focuses on the effects of different levels of static loading on the crack propagation after crack initiation. To analyze the effect of static loading, an axial groove defect was seeded on the outer race of a taper roller bearing randomly and bearing run continuously under five different static loading conditions. Initially, the bearing was made to run under loading conditions to initiate the crack naturally but the crack was not initiated even after 800 h of running. Therefore, crack was initiated artificially for the purpose of studying crack propagation. It was observed from the experimentation that in the case of maximum static load of 20 kg, the crack propagates rapidly in terms of area after 109 h of continuous running, whereas in the case of no load, it started propagating quickly after 267.5 h of running. Statistical analysis was also carried out for the recorded signals at different intervals of times, and it was observed that the Shannon entropy value was showing a sudden rise with the edge breakage (visually verified) while the crack was propagating. However, in the statistical analysis, none of the parameters showed a correlation with crack propagation. To develop the correlation of crack propagation, Shannon entropy of high, medium and low frequency bands of continuous wavelet-based (CWT) was carried out using different wavelets. Shannon entropy for high frequency band of CWT using Daubechies 10 as mother wavelet has responded well to the crack propagation as the value showed a sudden rise and an overall increase for edge breakage and crack propagation, respectively. A high frequency band of CWT using Daubechies 10 was found suitable for detecting edge breakage and crack growth at the same time because of its capability to respond to transient characteristics for a large duration of time.
FINITE ELEMENT BIOMECHANICAL MODELING OF PAROTID GLAND MORPHING IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADIOTHERAPY FOR HEAD AND NECK TUMORS
Authors: ITTA FRANCESCA , MAFFEI NICOLA , D’ANGELO ELISA , MEDURI BRUNO , LOHR FRANK , GUIDI GABRIELE
Published: March 2023

Patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer are exposed during the course of several weeks of treatment (6–7 weeks) to several physiological processes that can induce inter-fraction deformation of the parotid salivary glands (PGs). Gland morphing tends to make them move towards the high dose region of the dose distribution. As a consequence, parotids may be irradiated more than initially planned, leading to increased toxicity. We implemented a biomechanical model of the parotid morphing process that can serve as the basis to optimize adaptive RT protocols, leading to further reductions of dose to these structures. Raystation[Formula: see text] hybrid deformation algorithms and 3DSlicer[Formula: see text] tools were employed to obtain a mesh representation of PG anatomy and deformation from CT-series of eight patients treated with highly modulated radiotherapy (Tomotherapy[Formula: see text]). The biomechanical model was computationally implemented with the finite element software COMSOL[Formula: see text] multiphysics. Gland tissue was modeled as a linear elastic material with a Poisson ratio of 0.49 and a density value of 1 g/cm3. A radial force field was introduced to mimic parotid shrinkage due to radiation exposure. Fixed constraints were placed taking into account the anatomical barrier effect of parotid-surrounding structures (mandible) during the shrinkage process. The implemented biomechanical model was able to predict PG morphing with a mean volume difference of 1.36% [0.9–2.0] % between real and modeled deformed anatomy for the first half of treatment and 1.5% [0.8–2.1]% for the second half of treatment. Prediction of geometric overlap of observed versus simulated geometry as quantified using DICE was acceptable for the first half of the treatment but still unsatisfactory for the second half. Adding model components taking into account other elements that define PG morphing (facial geometry changes due to general weight loss and — in patients with significant macroscopic tumor load - local tumor volume loss) may accurately predict parotid morphing and thus permit further optimization of frequency and timing of off-line ART protocols in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. This may result in a further reduction of treatment toxicity and these approaches are becoming even more important as the use of particle therapy with its increased dosimetric sensitivity towards geometric changes of the patient is slowly increasing.
Oxygen Nonstoichiometry as a Source of Ferromagnetism in GdCoO3: First-Principle Investigation
Authors: Bouchama H. , Benayad N. , Djermouni M. , Kacimi S. , Zaoui A.
Published: March 2023

By using the density functional theory, we have studied the electronic structure and magnetism of the oxygen vacancy defect in GdCoO3 perovskite compound. We have carried out a magnetic stability calculation; between many possible magnetic configurations, the ferromagnetic ordering was predicted in both gadolinium and cobalt sublattices. We have demonstrated that the oxygen vacancy defect causes a ferromagnetic order via a mixture of octahedral HS Co[Formula: see text], tetrahedral HS Co[Formula: see text] and octahedral IS Co[Formula: see text]. From the spin magnetic moment and partial density of state investigation, we have predicted an induced long-range ferromagnetic ordering in nonstoichiometric GdCoO[Formula: see text].
Review—Recent Advances and Challenges of Conducting Polymer-Metal Nanocomposites for the Detection of Industrial Waste Gases
Authors: Verma Arunima , Gupta Rajeev , Verma Ajay Singh , Kumar Tanuj
Published: March 2023

Due to global industrialization, monitoring the number of gases and volatile compounds in the environment greatly affects sustainable human development. Since the 1970s, gas sensors have been used to find harmful gases and gas leaks and to measure humidity and the atmosphere’s composition. Designing small, portable gas/vapor sensors with fast response, reversibility, selectivity, and sensitivity has been difficult. In a similar way, advances in nanotechnology have led scientists to make nanosensors. The development of sensors from traditional semiconductors, solid electrolytes, insulators, metals, etc. However, advances in sensor technology based on conducting polymers have opened up a new way of sensing by making it possible to find chemical/water vapors and industrial waste gases even in complex environments. On the other hand, metal-based sensors were found to be good at detecting industrial waste gases. This review summarizes the work on conducting polymers and metal-based sensors for detecting ammonia, alcohol, chloroform, humidity, industrial waste gases, and other things. The shortcomings and future improvements in the sensing performance of conducting polymer sensors are discussed additionally in this literature review.
An Optimization-Based Robust Dynamic State Estimation for Power Systems with Synchronized Phasor Measurement Units, Involving Disturbance Rejection
Authors: Hakimian Vahid , Seifi Hossein
Published: March 2023

State estimation provides the best estimate of the system states using a set of measurements that is divided into two main classes; static and dynamic types. The state estimator should provide an acceptable response in the presence of system changes and/or disturbances. To achieve this aim, considering the high rate of data changes and the high volume of exchanging information, the phasor measurement units could play an outstanding role. Furthermore, due to the inevitable errors of the measurements, and to provide an authentic estimate of the system states using the measured data, a state estimator should be able to eliminate or decrease the undesirable effect of bad data or outliers on the final output of the process. This type of state estimator is called a robust type. In this paper, a dynamic state estimator for a system with the synchronized phasor measurement units is utilized, which is capable of decreasing the effect of disturbances. Simultaneously, the robustness of the state estimation process in the presence of outliers is considered, which enables the state estimation process to reduce the negative effect of outliers on its final output. Therefore, the implemented process is called a robust dynamic state estimation method. By defining different scenarios and utilizing numerical indices, simulation results are thoroughly analyzed based on an explanatory three-bus network and the IEEE standard 14-bus and 57-bus networks using the MATPOWER tool.
[Retracted] Analysis of Chinese Household Consumption Expenditure Structure System Based on Factors and Clustering Algorithms
Authors: He Miao , Song Ge , Li Yaoyue , Hu Boxin
Published: March 2023

In recent years, with the gradual implementation of the central government’s policy of expanding domestic demand, the living standards of urban residents have been greatly improved. With the increasing level of urban living consumption, residents’ living consumption situation has attracted more attention and attention. In order to further increase the consumption income of households, it is necessary to conduct corresponding analysis on households in various regions. Based on SPSS statistical simulation software, this paper uses factor analysis and clustering methods often used in modern multivariate economic statistical analysis to establish multivariate statistical models and calculate and establish various analysis models suitable for my country’s household consumption expenditure structure (2020) and analyze the parameters, accordingly. From the perspectives of politics, economy, geography, etc., this paper reveals the changes in energy consumption in China’s family and social life and its possible implied related information, laws, directions, and the overall development level of society. Through empirical analysis and research, this paper can finally conclude that the current consumption expenditure structure of Chinese households is affected by a combination of factors such as national policies, economic development and technical conditions, and geographical environment characteristics, and the effect is different in different cities.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Codoped Carbon Dot Interfacial Modification Layer for Efficient Charge Transfer between ZnO Electron Transport Layer and PTB7:PC70BM Active Layer
Authors: Tafese Bisrat Nigusie , Aga Fekadu Gochole , Ganesh Thothadri , Geffe Chernet Amente
Published: March 2023

The interface between the active layer and the charge-transporting layer is critical for performance improvement in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The use of zinc oxide (ZnO) as an electron transport layer (ETL) in PSCs was limited due to inherent defects in the surface of ZnO prepared by the sol-gel method, mismatched energy bands with the photoactive layer, and incompatibility between the photoactive layer and ZnO ETL. In this study, nitrogen and phosphorus codoped carbon dots (N & P-CDs) were prepared from Ensete ventricosum (false banana) and used as an interfacial modification layer for ZnO ETL. The inverted devices with structures ITO/ZnO/N & P-CD/PTB7:PC70BM/Al were fabricated to investigate the charge transfer dynamic between the active layer and ETL interface modification with N & P-CDs. We have observed that the interfacial modification between the ZnO ETL and the active layer, using N & P-CDs, improves the charge transfer between ZnO ETL and PTB7:PC70BM active layer. The obtained result shows that the ETL/BHJ interface resistance of the devices with ZnO:undoped CDs, ZnO:N-CDs, ZnO:P-CDs, and ZnO:N & P-CD ETLs decreases dramatically from 103.4 to 84.04, 78.16, 37.88, and 28.9 Ω, respectively. This is due to the improvement of charge extraction efficiency by smoothing ZnO surface defects and minimizing the band mismatch between the active layer and ZnO using N & P-CDs. The results indicate that the water-soluble N & P-CDs developed in this study have the potential to be used for efficient free charge carrier extraction for PSCs.
Characteristics of Wellens’ Syndrome in the Current PCI Era: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Li , Gong Xuhe , Chen Hui , Dong Tianhui , Cui He-he , Li Hongwei
Published: March 2023

Objectives. The goal of this retrospective study was to reveal the prevalence, angiographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and long-term outcomes of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with Wellens’ syndrome. Background. Procedural results for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have improved in recent years. However, there is still a paucity of available clinical trial data for Wellens’ syndrome even though it is a well-known high-risk ACS. Methods. Among a total of 3528 patients with ACS who underwent angioplasty from 2017 to 2019 at the Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital, 476 NSTEMI patients with culprit left anterior descending (LAD) vessels were enrolled in this study. According to electrocardiographic criteria of Wellens’ syndrome, the patients were divided into a Wellens group (n = 138) and a non-Wellens group (n = 338). The primary endpoint was cardiac death; the secondary endpoints were main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), a composite of all-cause death, cardiac death, heart failure, target lesion revascularization, recurrent myocardial infarction, and stroke. All of the medical and follow-up data were obtained from our institutional database. Results. The incidence of Wellens’ syndrome in all ACS patients was 5.7% (200 of 3528). Among the 200 patients with Wellens’ syndrome, 138 had NSTEMI, for a proportion of 69%. There was a significant decrease in the percentage of preexisting coronary heart disease (CHD), prior myocardial infarction, and previous PCI (

P
<
0.05

) in the Wellens group compared with the non-Wellens group. On coronary angiography, single-vessel lesions were more common in the Wellens group (11.6% vs. 5.3%,

P
=
0.016

), and almost all (97.1%) of these patients received drug-eluting stents. Notably, the Wellens group had a higher proportion of early PCI than the non-Wellens group (71% vs. 61.2%,

P
=
0.044

). At 24 months, there was no statistically significant difference in cardiac death (

P
=
0.111

) between the two groups, but the MACCEs were comparable (Wellens: 5.1% vs. non-Wellens: 13.3%,

P
=
0.009

). Age ≥65 years was the largest independent risk factor for adverse prognosis. Conclusions. With early recognition and aggressive intervention, Wellens’ syndrome is no longer a risk factor for adverse prognosis in patients with NSTEMI in the current PCI era.
A Case of GATA3 Positive Pleomorphic Liposarcoma, Epithelioid Variant: A Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Abe Makoto , Hoshi Nobuo , Hoshi Sayuri , Hirabayashi Kaoru , Kikuta Kazutaka , Hirozane Toru , Nakagawa Rumi , Mizuno Tsukasa , Nakamura Hiroshi , Inoue Koichi , Yamaguchi Takehiko
Published: March 2023

Pleomorphic liposarcoma is a rare malignant adipocytic tumor showing undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma morphology with various degrees of epithelioid features. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish from carcinoma metastasis. Immunohistochemical panel is very important for differential diagnosis; however, there is a risk that unexpected staining could lead to misinterpretation. We report a pleomorphic liposarcoma, epithelioid variant, in an 88-year-old man, with tricky-positive staining for GATA3. Histological examination revealed a tumor with epithelioid morphology. The tumor consists of solid sheets of epithelioid tumor cells with focal aggregates of pleomorphic lipoblasts. Immunohistochemically, the adipocytic tumor cell areas were positive for S100 protein, and the epithelioid tumor cells showed CAM 5.2 positivity. GATA3 was diffusely positive. The combination of CAM 5.2 and GATA3 staining suggested the possibility of metastatic cancer, but systemic clinical examinations did not detect any presence of a primary tumor, including urinary bladder, breasts, and salivary glands. The pathological diagnosis of pleomorphic liposarcoma, epithelioid variant, was made because of the presence of malignant lipoblasts. Our report may contribute for differential diagnosis of pleomorphic liposarcoma, epithelioid variant, with unexpected positive immunoreaction for GATA3.
Programming CAR T Cell Tumor Recognition: Tuned Antigen Sensing and Logic Gating
Authors: Hamieh Mohamad , Mansilla-Soto Jorge , Rivière Isabelle , Sadelain Michel
Published: March 2023

The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B-cell malignancies propelled the field of synthetic immunology and raised hopes to treat solid tumors in a similar fashion. Antigen escape and the paucity of tumor-restricted CAR targets are recognized challenges to fulfilling this prospect. Recent advances in CAR T cell engineering extend the toolbox of chimeric receptors available to calibrate antigen sensitivity and combine receptors to create adapted tumor-sensing T cells. Emerging engineering strategies to lower the threshold for effective antigen recognition, when needed, and enable composite antigen recognition hold great promise for overcoming tumor heterogeneity and curbing off-tumor toxicities.

Significance:

Improving the clinical efficacy of CAR T cell therapies will require engineering T cells that overcome heterogeneous and low-abundance target expression while minimizing reactivity to normal tissues. Recent advances in CAR design and logic gating are poised to extend the success of CAR T cell therapies beyond B-cell malignancies.
Autologous Stem Cell Collection after Daratumumab, Bortezomib, Thalidomide, and Dexamethasone versus Bortezomib, Cyclophosphamide, and Dexamethasone in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Sauer Sandra , Kriegsmann Katharina , Nientiedt Cathleen , Schmitt Anita , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Raab Marc-Steffen , Kauer Joseph
Published: March 2023

Introduction: In transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients, autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection is usually pursued after induction therapy. While induction regimens are constantly refined regarding response, their impact on PBSC collection is not fully studied. The inclusion of the anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab into induction therapy significantly improved outcomes for patients with NDMM, e.g., as part of the daratumumab, bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (Dara-VTD) protocol. Preliminary data from the phase 3 CASSIOPEIA study proved the efficacy of Dara-VTD. While overall PBSC collection upon addition of daratumumab was reduced in the study population, more detailed analyses on the impact are missing. Methods: We here report on PBSC mobilization and collection metrics in n = 119 patients with NDMM who underwent induction therapy with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (VCD, n = 61) or Dara-VTD (n = 58). Results: Patient characteristics were well balanced between groups. The Dara-VTD group showed improved response parameters with 66% of patients reaching at least very good partial response versus 54% in the VCD group. Dara-VTD patients exhibited inferior mobilization metrics such as peripheral blood CD34+ cell count at the first leukapheresis (LP) session (65 vs. 106/μL, p = 0.001), median number of LP sessions (2 vs. 1, p = 0.001), and PBSC collection at first LP (5.5 vs. 8.3 × 106/kg body weight [bw], p = 0.001). Utilization of plerixafor was slightly higher after Dara-VTD (33% vs. 21% of patients, p = 0.143). The overall PBSC collection result was significantly lower after Dara-VTD (8.4 vs. 9.6 × 106/kg bw, p = 0.026). 78% and 85% of patients successfully collected 3 transplants with ≥2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg bw in the Dara-VTD and the VCD groups, respectively. Conclusion: In summary, Dara-VTD, possibly due to both anti-CD38 antibody and thalidomide exposure, imposes a limitation on PBSC collection which can be only partly overcome by utilization of plerixafor.
Role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Renal Transplant Recipients and Management Strategies for Posttransplant Hypertension
Authors: Singh Amit Pal , Kalil Roberto S. , Weir Matthew R.
Published: March 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are the leading causes of cardiovascular disease in the renal transplant recipients. This review looks at the potential role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and reviews the management strategies for hypertension in this population. Summary: Large-scale clinical trials are needed to study the potential cardiorenal benefits and risks of complications in renal transplant recipients. Future clinical trials are also needed to define optimal blood pressure treatment goals and therapies and how they influence graft and patient survival. Key Messages: Multiple recent prospective randomized clinical trials have shown the benefits of using SGLT2is to improve the cardiorenal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease with or without diabetes mellitus. Renal transplant recipients were not included in these trials due to concerns about genitourinary complications; hence, the role of these agents in this population is unclear. A number of small studies have highlighted the safety of using these agents in renal transplant recipients. Posttransplant hypertension is a complex problem requiring individualized management. Recent guidelines recommend using a calcium channel blocker or angiotensin receptor blocker as the first-line antihypertensive agents in adult renal transplant recipients.
Nova especie do genero oregostoma Serville, 1833. (Col.Cerambycidae)
Authors: Lane Frederico
Published: March 2023

.
O conceito de “cegueira de significado” em Wittgenstein
Authors: Barroso Paulo
Published: March 2023

Em 1946-47 Wittgenstein leccionou o seu último curso de palestras em Cambridge antes da sua reforma. Estas palestras eram sobre filosofia da psicologia, em geral, e especificamente sobre experiência, linguagem, significado e compreensão. Neste artigo são discutidos a aplicação e significado do conceito de “cegueira de significado” por parte Wittgenstein no contexto de sua obra e em torno desses tópicos. Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem teórico-conceptual baseada na psicologia linguística e filosofia da gramática de Wittgenstein, assumindo a tese de que a produção e a cultura linguísticas alteram o uso comum da linguagem. Nessa perspectiva, discutem-se as dificuldades reveladas por uma semântica intersubjectiva, tendo como objectivo revelar as aporias semânticas manifestadas pela experiência de uma “cegueira de significado”.
A importância dos estudos linguísticos no aperfeiçoamento do Google Tradutor: linguagem, neurociência e inteligência artificial
Authors: Pimentel Kelly Cristhel do Nascimento , Bertoque Lennie Aryete Dias Pereira
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a análise da tradução da música They don’t care about us do cantor Michael Jackson, por meio da ferramenta Google Tradutor, refletindo como a inter-relação dos estudos linguísticos, neurocientíficos e em inteligência artificial podem contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento da ferramenta Google Tradutor. A abordagem metodológica desta pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo e articula-se aos estudos em linguagem (Dik, 1989; Givón, 1989) neurociência (Consenza; Guerra, 2011; Herculano-Houzel, 2012) e em inteligência artificial (Russell; Norvig, 2004; Othero, 2005). As análises, neste trabalho, mostraram que os processos de tradução não são eficazes, desconsiderando-se os aspectos cognitivos e pragmático-discursivos, já que a sintaxe (codificação), reflete essa relação. Ainda assim, percebeu-se que a ferramenta Google Tradutor apresentou avanços linguísticos significativos, especialmente por ter em seu processamento a tecnologia de Redes Neurais Artificiais. O programa já mostra avanços na construção de frases sintática e semanticamente adequadas ao contexto comunicativo, em português brasileiro, mas ainda há a necessidade de os estudos em inteligência artificial considerarem as pesquisas linguísticas, porque “linguagem” não é apenas execução da fala/escrita, mas todo um aparato linguístico, discursivo e cognitivo que intermedeia as relações socioculturais por meio da língua.
Por uma Semiose cognitiva de infância: Uma poesia contínua
Authors: Palo Maria José
Published: March 2023

A cognição forma-se na mente do intérprete, ou  torna-se um hábito ou torna-se certa forma de comportar-se mentalmente, que lhe oferece modelos mentais sob circunstâncias similares. Suas raízes múltiplas geram matrizes de ideias que nos ensinam a ver e a pensar (Deleuze; Guattari, 2012). Essa atividade cognitiva faz a mediação entre sentimento e volição e a correspondência com o signo na semiose, em exercício de significação em significação. Uma outra  práxis surge na cognição dirigida pela percepção que a Literatura e as Artes privilegiam em sua linguagem aberta às coordenações de ações humanas (Maturana, 2001). Na singularidade, a Semiose cognitiva, em sistemas sígnicos e performáticos, agencia a ambivalência e a sobredeterminação do objeto de conhecimento traduzido na aprendizagem. Entende-se que a conjugação desses aspectos cognitivos e estéticos atua como medium de exploração da natureza específica da literatura para criança, denominada poeticidade, que privilegia o movimento de recriação e interpretação das potencialidades do devir (Agamben, 2008). Em resposta, esse movimento metacrítico poético – a Semiose, projeta um modo de construir matrizes do conhecimento, da informação e da aprendizagem com elementos da experiência de linguagem ou de uma poesia contínua de signos ou de uma Semiose cognitiva de infância.
“All’s Well That Starts Well”: An Intralinguistic and Interlinguistic Perspective on the Use and Translation of Well
Authors: Quinci Carla , Musacchio Maria Teresa
Published: March 2023

Well is one of the most widely used, versatile pragmatic markers. Given its multiple functions, it may pose translation challenges, especially in hybrid oral texts translated to be read rather than heard. This paper investigates the presence and function of the pragmatic marker well in a parallel, aligned corpus of English TED Talk transcripts and their Italian translations. All occurrences of well in the English subcorpus were identified and classified to observe whether and how this marker was translated in the Italian transcripts. In the English subcorpus, well is found in sentence-/clause-initial position to introduce (a) rhetorical questions, (b) fictitious turn-takings between the speaker and other fictitious addressees, and (c) quotations. It was generally translated through a limited set of equivalents, which testifies to the standard approach used to transfer the pragmatic meaning of well into Italian, mostly relying on dictionary-based direct equivalents, e.g. beh and its orthographical variants.
Turkana Low-Level Jet Influence on Southwest Ethiopia Climate
Authors: Jury Mark R. , Minda Thomas T.
Published: March 2023

The Turkana Jet in northern Kenya is shown to modulate the climate of southwest Ethiopia’s Omo River Valley using in situ hydrometeorological data, satellite measurements, and atmospheric reanalyses from decadal to diurnal time scales. Temporal statistics from lowland (2.5°–5°N, 35°–38°E) and highland (6°–9°N, 35°–38°E) areas show that 850-hPa westward airflow over Lake Turkana is stronger in March and October but is weakened when western Indian Ocean sea temperatures become warmer than usual at intervals of 2–7 years. A case study on 24 March 2019 reveals how a stronger Turkana Jet induces warming and drying of the Omo Valley. A second case study on 27 September 2018 reveals Hadley cell subsidence over the southern flank of the Turkana Jet. We demonstrate how nocturnal airflow draining off the mountains joins the channelized jet. Satellite and atmospheric reanalyses exhibit realistic diurnal cycles in the east Omo mountains, but some products have incorrect phase and warm bias. Omo Valley soil moisture and runoff exhibit little trend in historical records and model projections; however, unpredictable multiyear wet and dry spells and a growing demand for water are ongoing concerns.
Management of Venous and Arterial Bullet Emboli
Authors: Reese Miles W. , Rendel Ricardo E. , Collins Jay N.
Published: March 2023

Gunshot wounds account for significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. A rare and potentially fatal complication of a gunshot wound is bullet embolus. Potential complications include distal limb ischemia, coronary infarct, renal infarction, stroke, pulmonary embolization, cardiac valvular injury, thrombophlebitis, and dysrhythmias. Overall, surgical embolectomy and endovascular retrieval are the preferred treatments for bullet emboli. We report one case of venous bullet embolus and one case of arterial bullet embolus, both of which were successfully treated with endovascular retrieval. A thorough physical exam and appropriate imaging are vital to prompt identification and treatment of bullet emboli, as the repercussions of missed injuries can be devastating.
Promoting District-Level Culturally Responsive Practices
Authors: Aguayo David , Good Madeline W. , Diem Sarah , Herman Keith C. , Burke Julia , Davis Trinity , Hall Karen , London Carla , Reinke Wendy M.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: For culturally responsive practices (CRPs) in schools to be successful, educational leaders must look outside of the school and consider school, district, and system-level policies and practices that influence the sustainability of culturally responsive classrooms. The purpose of our study was to conduct a comparative case study and explore how four district leaders promoted CRPs throughout each of their districts. Research Design: Situated in the Midwest, we used a comparative case study to explore the approaches of four Black women school district leaders. Data included a focus group interview with the leaders; four individual, follow-up interviews; and artifacts or documents provided by the leaders. The data collected was analyzed using the Culturally Responsive School Leadership analytical framework. Results and Discussion: Findings discuss school district leadership's responsibility to promote CRPs; district leaders’ ability to foster trusting relationships with educators; and district-wide efforts to engage in purposeful teacher retention practices. A discussion and conclusion include implications considering how district leadership can influence the implementation of CRPs in schools and classrooms.
Effect of water on the mechanical and thermal properties of natural fibre reinforced hybrid composites
Authors: de Seixas GB , de Queiroz HFM , Neto JSS , Banea MD
Published: March 2023

Research and development on natural fibre-reinforced composites (NFRCs) is constantly increasing and their use is expanding into new areas of applications. One of the main problems is the absorption of humidity due to the hydrophilic characteristic of the natural fibre, which leads to low interfacial adhesion between the fibre and the hydrophobic matrix and consequently, relatively low mechanical properties. One method to reduce the sensitivity of mechanical and thermal properties of NFRCs to water uptake is the hybridization by using synthetic fibres and/or fillers. This research investigates the effect of ageing on the mechanical and thermal properties of different natural fibre and hybrid composites. Pure jute, pure jute modified with two different types of fillers (micro glass and nano TiO2) and interlaminar hybrid jute/glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites were fabricated. Bulk specimens were used to measure the diffusion coefficient of water in the composites, and tensile and flexural specimens were used to measure the mechanical properties of the conditioned specimens. A thermogravimetric technique (TGA) analysis was used to measure and compare the degradation temperature of all composites studied as a function of ageing. Finally, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to examine the fracture surfaces of the specimens tested. It was found that the water uptake decreases by adding the synthetic fibres and the fillers to the NFRCs. The mechanical properties of the composites (the tensile and flexural strength and modulus) tend to decrease with the increase of water content, and they are partially recovered after desorption at the same temperature as the absorption. The thermal properties of natural fibre composites are affected by water absorption and by the hybridization. The hybridization of the composites increased the maximum degradation temperature when compared to the pure jute, while the addition of fillers improved the thermal properties of aged specimens (the initial degradation temperature values were higher than those for the pure jute composites).
Hamstrung in Prayer
Authors: Acosta Lealani Mae Y.
Published: March 2023

A neurologist reflects upon the function of the hamstring, including kneeling, and being hamstrung, both physically and spiritually.
Double-Effect Donation or Bodily Respect? A “Third Way” Response to Camosy and Vukov
Authors: McCarthy Anthony , Watt Helen
Published: March 2023

Is it possible to donate unpaired vital organs, foreseeing but not intending one's own death? We argue that this is indeed psychologically possible, and thus far agree with Charles Camosy and Joseph Vukov in their recent paper on “double effect donation.” Where we disagree with these authors is that we see double-effect donation not as a morally praiseworthy act akin to martyrdom but as a morally impermissible act that necessarily disrespects human bodily integrity. Respect for bodily integrity goes beyond avoiding the aim to kill: not all side effects of deliberate bodily interventions can be outweighed by intended benefits for another even if the subject fully consents. It is not any necessary intention to kill or harm another or oneself that makes lethal donation/harvesting illicit but the more immediate intention to accept or perform surgery on an (innocent) person combined with the foresight of lethal harm and no health-related good for him or her. Double-effect donation falls foul of the first condition of double-effect reasoning in that the immediate act is wrong in itself. We argue further that the wider effects of such donation would be socially disastrous and corrupting of the medical profession: doctors should retain a sense of nonnegotiable respect for bodily integrity even when they intervene on willing subjects for the benefit of others.

Summary: Lethal organ donation (for example, donating one's heart) is not a praiseworthy but a morally impermissible act. This is not because such donation necessarily involves any aim to kill oneself (if one is the donor) or to kill the donor (if one is the surgeon). Respect for bodily integrity goes beyond avoiding any hypothetical aim to kill or harm oneself or another innocent person. ‘Double effect donation’ of unpaired vital organs, defended by Camosy and Vukov, is in our view a form of lethal bodily abuse and would also harm the transplant team, the medical profession and society at large.
Mental Toughness and Resilience in Trail Runner’s Performance
Authors: Gameiro Nuno , Rodrigues Filipe , Antunes Raúl , Matos Rui , Amaro Nuno , Jacinto Miguel , Monteiro Diogo
Published: March 2023

Our purpose with this study was to analyze trail runners’ psychological variables of mental toughness (MT) and resilience, and their associations with runners’ performances within a quantitative cross-sectional study. In total, we analyzed data from 307 Portuguese trail runners (60 female, 247 male), aged between 20 to 66 years ( M age = 41.98; SD = 7.74). The results showed that the measurement model, including the factors of MT, resilience, and performance variables, exhibited an adequate fit to the data: χ 2 = 150.01 (74); BS-p = .003; CFI= .953; TLI = .942; RMSEA = .058 90% (.045, .071) and SRMR= .042. Standardized direct effects revealed positive associations between these variables. More specifically: (a) MT was significantly associated with resilience; and (b) resilience was significantly associated with performance. The indirect regression paths showed that MT was positively associated with performance, with resilience considered a possible mediator ( β = .09 IC = .010, .168; p = .02). In total, considering direct and indirect effects, the model explained 21% of performance variance among trail runners.
Simulation analysis of the mechanism and influencing factors of remaining oil secondary enrichment in ultra-high water cut fault block reservoirs
Authors: Cui Chuanzhi , Li Jing , Wu Zhongwei , Zong Ran , Kong Weijun , Li Lifeng , Zhang Jianning , Su Shuzhen
Published: March 2023

After the near-abandoned production wells in the high part of the fault block reservoir are closed for a period of time, the remaining oil in the low part will accumulate at the fault in the high part to produce secondary enrichment. At present, research on the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil mainly focuses on the remigration method of the remaining oil, and there is less research on the mechanism of the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil. In view of the above problems, a planar numerical model is established to analyse the remaining oil secondary enrichment law, combined with the longitudinal numerical model to analyse the mechanism of the remaining oil secondary enrichment, and nine factors are selected to study their influence on the remaining oil secondary enrichment law, further determining the main control factors through sensitivity analysis. Based on the numerical simulation results, the reservoir conditions conducive to the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil are determined. The research shows that the remaining oil secondary enrichment mechanism includes pressure redistribution after well shut-in and the comprehensive effect of the micro force. The increase in the formation dip angle, permeability and water injection intensity before well shut-in is beneficial to accelerate the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil. Permeability and formation dip angle are the main controlling factors of positive correlation parameters, and the shut-in water cut is the main controlling factor of negative correlation parameters and the most sensitive. In addition, when the permeability is greater than 200 mD, the formation dip angle is greater than 9°, and the shut-in water cut is less than 95%, which is conducive to the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil. This study has reference significance for the field to understand the mechanism and influencing factors of the secondary enrichment of the remaining oil.
Tumoral Calcinosis in the Larynx
Authors: Liu Lianlian , Zhao Jing , Hong Liu , Li Jinrang
Published: March 2023

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare benign disease defined as calcium salt deposits in the periarticular soft tissue region. Tumoral calcinosis is rare in the neck and larynx. In this case, we described a 58-year-old man who had numerous calcified nodules in the larynx.
The versatility and tightness of electronic monitoring: A comparative perspective between Spain and Belgium
Authors: Lopez Riba Jose Maria
Published: March 2023

Despite the fact that the use of electronic monitoring systems has grown across Europe and within each jurisdiction, comparative research on the matter is scarce. Previous studies have highlighted two relevant aspects. On one hand, the versatility of the measure, in the sense that different (even contradictory) objectives and functions can be attributed to it. On the other hand, the difficulty in measuring and comparing the intensity of its use in different countries. For these reasons, this work aims to compare the areas of implementation of electronic monitoring in two different countries: Spain and Belgium. By looking at the different uses of the measure, the objective is to demonstrate the premise electronic monitoring fits in various phases of the criminal proceeding. Moreover, the research also compares the punitiveness of the measure in both countries by making use of the elements highlighted by Hucklesby et al.. The findings show the difficulty of drawing definitive conclusions about its punitiveness mainly due to the adaptability of electronic monitoring.
H3K9 trimethylation dictates neuronal ferroptosis through repressing Tfr1
Authors: Lan Ting , Hu Liye , Sun Tingting , Wang Xuechun , Xiao Zhongnan , Shen Danmin , Wu Weihua , Luo Zhaoli , Wei Chao , Wang Xiaotong , Liu Meng , Guo Yi , Wang Liyong , Wang Yamei , Lu Yabin , Yu Yan , Yang Fei , Zhang Chenguang , Li Qian
Published: March 2023

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. We have previously shown that ferroptosis contributes to neuronal loss in ICH mice. The overload of iron and dysfunction of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) promote neuronal ferroptosis post-ICH. However, how epigenetic regulatory mechanisms affect the ferroptotic neurons in ICH remains unclear. In the current study, hemin was used to induce ferroptosis in N2A and SK-N-SH neuronal cells to mimic ICH. The results showed that hemin-induced ferroptosis was accompanied by an increment of global level of trimethylation in histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) and its methyltransferase Suv39h1. Transcriptional target analyses indicated that H3K9me3 was enriched at the promoter region and gene body of transferrin receptor gene 1 ( Tfr1) and repressed its expression upon hemin stimulation. Inhibition of H3K9me3 with inhibitor or siRNA against Suv39h1 aggravated hemin- and RSL3-induced ferroptosis by upregulating Tfr1 expression. Furthermore, Suv39h1-H3K9me3 mediated repression of Tfr1 contributes to the progression of ICH in mice. These data suggest a protective role of H3K9me3 in ferroptosis post ICH. The knowledge gained from this study will improve the understanding of epigenetic regulation in neuronal ferroptosis and shed light on future clinical research after ICH.
Syncopation levels, but not movement, are associated with pleasantness while listening to rhythmic music
Authors: Céspedes-Guevara Julian , Witek Maria A. G.
Published: March 2023

The effect of moving along to music on induced affect was investigated by asking two groups of participants ( N = 76) to listen to rhythmic patterns while either foot tapping along to the beat or staying still, respectively. Stimuli consisted of drum-breaks with three levels of syncopation (low, intermediate, high). Participants reported levels of induced pleasantness, relaxation, and wakefulness. It was hypothesized that participants who tapped along would experience greater pleasantness, less relaxation, and more wakefulness than those who remained still. In addition, it was predicted that stimuli with intermediate syncopation would be associated with greater pleasantness, following an inverted U-shaped function, and that increasing levels of syncopation would be associated with decreased relaxation and increased wakefulness. Results showed no differences in affective state between participants who tapped along and participants who stayed still. While the predicted associations between syncopation, pleasantness, and relaxation were only partially supported by the data, we did find an inverted U-shaped relationship between syncopation and difficulty to tap along, or stay still. The findings suggest that moving along to music does not automatically lead to more intense affective responses, potentially because any positive change associated with movement is outweighed by the difficulty of the synchronization task.
BRAC2eD model: An approach to de-bias decision-making in adoption assessments with prospective adopters from minoritised ethnic groups
Authors: Cane Tam
Published: March 2023

Cultural misunderstandings, systemic barriers, restrictive policies, inconsistent and subjective views around standards and requirements have prevented families from minoritised ethnic backgrounds from successfully adopting. Such barriers have led to a reluctance to adopt and a lack of trust in the adoption system. In this article, the author argues that these barriers arise from cognitive bias which affects decision-making in adoption. The BRAC2eD model for de-biasing is introduced to support adoption assessments of individuals and families from minoritised ethnic groups. It recognises that the process of assessing prospective adopters is complex and offers strategies to de-bias. In this model, social workers are encouraged to acknowledge the existence of bias, engage in de-biasing nudges, internal conversations and reflexive processes that support challenging bias, utilise cognitive resources towards de-biasing, and change and determine proportionate decisions. The contention for appropriate language around Black, Asian, Mixed ethnic and Other minoritised groups is acknowledged. The author uses ‘minoritised ethnic groups’ as a preferred term based on her own identity, however she appreciates that those referred to may have their own preferred terms. With that in mind, social workers must understand cultural and sub-cultural differences and preferences without homogenising the people they work with.
RIDIT-ISA Approach to Investigate Commuter Perceptions of an Existing Regional Transit System: A Case Study in the National Capital Region, India
Authors: Pitale Aditya Manish , Sadhukhan Shubhajit , Parida Manoranjan
Published: March 2023

The Indian government has tried to promote public transport usage in metropolitan areas. However, strategies for restraining the use of private vehicles or promoting public transport for regional trips must also be explored. To encourage commuters to use existing transit systems for regional trips, it is important to understand their needs and to facilitate such trips. The present study aims to identify the attributes important for commuters and to discover potential areas for improvement in the existing regional transit systems. In the study, 27 attributes related to regional transit systems were ranked according to the stated importance and satisfaction ratings of commuters using a “relative to an identified distribution integral transformation” (RIDIT) system. The mean RIDIT values of these 27 attributes were further used to perform “importance satisfaction analysis” (ISA) using two different approaches to identify precisely the attributes that require improvement under different market conditions. The study is demonstrated with the example of the National Capital Region of India. The outcome of this study not only specifies attributes to concentrate on to enhance the service of the existing regional transit system but also highlights how the selection of an appropriate ISA approach can maximize the efficiency of the regional transit systems and help developing countries with limited resources. The study could assist regional transit authorities in prioritizing the attributes that need focus and maximizing efficiency in the use of available resources.