bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of LiCo1-xNixO2 nanoparticles by urea route as cathode for lithium-ion battery
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, Diyala University, Iraq, Homad H. T. , Ali N. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Diyala University, Iraq, Al-Jubouri O. A. ,   Directorate General of Education in Diyala, Iraq, Al-Timimi M. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Diyala University, Iraq
Published: January 2024

LiCo1-xNixO2 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) powders are synthesized using the urea; the crystalline structure and surface morphology of the prepared powders are investigated through XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, and EDX analyses. X-ray diffraction indicates a hexagonal crystal structure for the LiCoO2 phase, Additionally, the XRD pattern of prepared LiCoO2 doped with Ni metal (x = 0.25) shows the formation of a cubic LiCoO2 nanostructure, FTIR spectra analysis of LiCoO2 and LiCo1-xNixO2 revealed several vibrational modes, such as (C=O and O–H). FESEM results indicate that all samples have nanostructure dimensions, An EDX spectrum reveals the presence of transition metals (Co) in LiCoO2, transition metals (Co and Ni) in LiCo1-xNixO2, and transition metals (Ni) in LiNiO2.
From “where I live” to “my slave songs”: Integrity and Extension in Wanda Coleman’s Poetry
Authors:   University of Białystok, Poland, Kamionowski Jerzy
Published: January 2024

This article discusses Wanda Coleman’s poetry in terms of two interconnected categories which launched the studies of black literature by Craig Werner: “integrity” and “extension”. These categories are assumed to correspond to the standard critical perception of Coleman’s oeuvre as content- and form-oriented, respectively, where the former pre-conditions the latter. However, the implemented concepts not only demonstrate how well-acquainted the poet was with the everyday ghetto lives of poor black women and with multiple forms of discrimination against them (“integrity”), but also reveal her experimental attitude to language and to formal dimensions of poetry (“extension”). Also, a close reading of Coleman’s protracted series of American jazz sonnets and her “Retro Rogue Anthology” poems reveals that this formal strategy extended her attention to a new subject matter (i.e., history, culture, and black identity), perceived and presented from a collective black perspective. Eventually, Coleman’s re-writing of white classic poems bears the marks of the strategy of Signifyin(g) combined with the iconoclastic tradition pioneered by Friedrich Nietzsche.
Sir Isaac Newton and the Great Re-Coinage of 1696 in Philip Kerr’s Dark Matter
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Poland, Oramus Dominika
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to show how in recent years a comparatively little-known period of Newton’s life, his work as the Warden and then Master of the Royal Mint, has entered the popular imagination. Analyzing Philip Kerr’s detective novel set in the 17th century, Dark Matter: The Private Life of Sir Isaac Newton, I discuss his depiction of the Great Re-Coinage and the criminal world of cockney counterfeiters and ‘clippers’ whom Newton so successfully prosecuted. Additionally, the paper demonstrates how the “Britishness” of Newton and of old London becomes commodified; Kerr sells the myth of British history, Britain’s greatest minds, and British urban folklore for the global market.
Halal Certification Imperatives for MSMEs: Navigating Sustainability, Consumer Confidence, and Policy Compliance (Case of Kenteng, Bandungan, Indonesia)
Authors: Rahayu Sang Ayu Putu , Niravita Aprila , Anitasari Rahayu Fery , Kamal Ubaidillah
Published: January 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) serve as the economic backbone of communities, with their sustainability influenced by various factors, including adherence to business legality. Among the crucial legal aspects, obtaining halal certification stands out as a pivotal requirement. This certification plays a vital role for business entities, aiming to bolster consumer confidence in the products they offer. The research conducted adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. Surveys and direct interviews with service partners reveal significant challenges faced by these partners. These challenges encompass a spectrum from comprehending the importance of halal food products and the processes involved in their production to understanding the intricacies of halal certification and the necessary steps to obtain it. In accordance with the Halal Product Assurance regulations, the implementation of halal certification in Indonesia is mandated to expedite. Notably, by no later than October 17, 2024, all products entering, circulating, and trading in Indonesia must be duly halal-certified. This stringent timeline underscores the urgency for businesses to prioritize obtaining halal certification, positioning it as a critical component of their legal obligations. The significance of halal certificates extends beyond mere compliance, serving as a testament to a business's commitment to meeting the ethical and religious considerations of its diverse consumer base. This study also advocates for the important  role of halal certification in sustaining MSMEs as the economic backbone of communities. The findings underscore the need for robust policy-making, emphasizing the urgency of halal certification in accordance with Halal Product Assurance regulations in Indonesia. The research aligns with the advocacy for policies that prioritize the timely implementation of halal certification, recognizing it as a critical component for MSMEs to meet legal obligations and enhance consumer trust.
Investigating the Potential Determining Factors Contributing to Mental Health Problems in Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Razmjouei Parisa , Kasraeian Maryam , Dehghani Neda , Noroozi Asl Samaneh , Ranjbar Fatemeh , Fazli Benyamin , Saadat Sara , Ghazanfarpour Masumeh
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the potential determining factors responsible for the mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for the required articles in February, 2021. The quality of the studies was determined based on the STROBE checklist. Results: A total of 31 articles were included in this systematic review. Stopped in-person prenatal care and using the phone for prenatal care were significantly associated with greater changes of anxiety during COVID-19. Parity, gestational age, and pregnancy complication were found to be statistically and significantly associated with anxiety. Social and family supports were specifically associated with reduced anxiety. Women with low body mass index (BMI) were detected to be more prone to developing depression and anxiety. While obesity had protective effects on depression, stress and anxiety, lower sleep quality, lower household income, lower physical health, and less physical activity were found associated with higher anxiety levels. Other significant factors related to mental health included employment status, employment status, marriage status, household size, educational level, ethnicity, knowledge score, marital life satisfaction, and fear of the COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: Clinical, economic, and socio-demographic physical health were associated with mental health problem during COVID-19. Therefore, it was recommended that the potential determining factors should be further explored and identified in order to help protect people against mental health problems.
Human Cytomegalovirus and Vitamin D Deficiency Implicated in Recurrent Miscarriages in Women of Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Jalil Mays B. , Hassan Mustafa S. , Shnawa Yarub A.
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and vitamin D (VD) deficiency are implicated in miscarriages. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of CMV in miscarriage and investigate the effect of VD deficiency risks in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from February 2020 to April 2021. The study included 75 participants, with 50 women with recurrent miscarriages (the case group) and 25 healthy women (the control group), all of whom had abortions between the ages of 15 and 40. Results: The CMV IgM and IgG antibodies were seropositive at 6% and 98%, respectively. The CMV IgM and IgG prevalence among women with abortions were 0.4 ± 0.21 for IgM antibodies and 259.5 ± 169.9 for IgG antibodies at higher levels compared to the control group, which was 0.18 ± 0.07 for IgM antibodies and 98 ± 89.7 for IgG antibodies. The VD level was evaluated in the case group (7.1 ± 8.24) and the control group (25.5 ± 6.02) based on two age ranges: 28 (56%) in 15–27 years, and 22 (44%) in 28–36 years. On the other hand, the results for the control group were 15-27 years and 28-36 years, with 13 (52%) and 12 (48%), respectively. Conclusions: CMV IgG positive was associated with younger ages because potential reproductive increases with age. Recurrent miscarriages have a strong relationship with VD deficiency. The greater the VD deficiency, the greater the risk for women with more than two abortions in a row.
The Effect of Breastfeeding Training Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Continuation of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Drug-Dependent Mothers: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadeghi Fereshteh , Zarifnejhad Gholam-Hosein , Ramezani Monir , Jamali Jamshid
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Considering the low rate of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers using drugs and the role of behavioral intention as one of the effective factors on breastfeeding, the present study aimed to determine the impact of breastfeeding training based on the theory of planned behavior on the continuation of exclusive breastfeeding in drug-dependent mothers. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed in three hospitals of Mashhad in 2018. To this end, 52 drug-abusing mothers were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The intervention protocol consisted of four separate training sessions with an emphasis on the theory of planned behavior. The follow-up process was performed 2 and 4 months after delivery, and the theory of planned behavior and breastfeeding continuity questionnaire was completed accordingly. Data were analyzed by the SPSS (version 16) using the independent t test and chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Two months after delivery, 88.5% and 3.8% of mothers of the intervention and control groups performed exclusive breastfeeding while this rate was 65.4% and 0.0% four months after delivery, respectively. The results of the chi-square test showed a significant difference between the two groups at 2 and 4 months (P<0.001). Two months after delivery, the average score of maternal performance on the continuation of exclusive breastfeeding was 91.8±9.2 and 50.8±24.5 in the intervention and control group although it was 89.0±8.7 and 31.0±15.9 4 months after delivery, respectively. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, significant differences were found between the groups after 2 and 4 months (P<0.001). Eventually, the average score of all constructs of the planned behavior theory improved immediately after the intervention, and 2 and 4 months after delivery in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusions: Thus, the implementation of breastfeeding training based on the theory of planned behavior is recommended for drug-dependent mothers to continue exclusive breastfeeding.
Traditional and Complementary Breastfeeding and Weaning Practices Among Mothers in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Güder Dilek Sarpkaya , İnce Nezire
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The study was conducted to examine the traditional and complementary practices used by women to increase breast milk and wean their children from breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population consisted of 254 mothers aged 20-45 lived in Cyprus. Mothers who had breastfed and stopped breastfeeding were included in the study. The data were collected by using an introductory information form prepared based on the literature, about breastfeeding and weaning process. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the data. Results: 64% of the participants started breastfeeding within the first hour of birth, 58% only breastfed for the first 6 months, and 16% breastfed for 24 months or more. Also women consumed mostly water and herbal tea (mostly fennel) and bulgur to increase breast milk. Conclusions: Although it was determined that mothers did not use many traditional methods when weaning their children, it was a remarkable finding that weaning by talking to the child was used less. It is recommended that education and counselling services be increased in order to increase rates of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, and to follow evidence-based practices at the stages of increasing breast milk and weaning.
Breastfeeding Education and the Role of Physical Therapy: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Almutairi Sattam M. , Aljutaily Raghad S. , Alshuwayman Raghad S. , Almutairi Marzouq , Alshehre Yousef M.
Published: January 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of breastfeeding (BF) knowledge and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders associated with BF among mothers. Materials and Methods: The participants were given a questionnaire containing 20 questions regarding their knowledge of BF practices and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The responses were reported as mean, standard deviation (SD), number (n), frequencies (f), and percentages (%). Results: The study included 941 participants aged 18 to 49, with a median age of 31-35. Nearly half (47.9%; n = 451) of participants had no knowledge of the health advantages of BF. Furthermore, 82.6% (n = 777) of participants did not receive educational courses or information about childbirth during pregnancy or postnatal. Moreover, 42.7% (n = 402) reported BF-related musculoskeletal pain. The results showed that the least common information provided by doctors or other healthcare providers to mothers was that BF could reduce the risk of some types of cancer (13.6%; n = 128) and asthma and shortness of breath in children (14.1%; n = 133). The most common information was that breastfed children are at a lower risk of getting sick than formula-fed children (41.7%; n = 392). Conclusions: The study showed a lack of knowledge regarding the benefits of BF and a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among BF mothers in Saudi Arabia. We strongly recommend increasing the number of educational courses that provide knowledge and skills related to BF practices and appropriate positioning during BF.
Effect of Anthocyanin on the Ovarian Damage and Oxidative Stress Markers in Adult Female Rat After Torsion/Detorsion
Authors: Teymoori Afshin , Khaki Arash , Rahmanifar Ghazal , Khatami Arman , Rezaii Ali
Published: January 2024

Objectives: This experimental study aimed to explore the impact of anthocyanin on histopathological alterations and oxidative stress induced by ovarian torsion/detorsion in mature rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 female Wistar rats were categorized into four groups: G1 (sham), G2 (ovarian torsion endured for 3 hours followed by detorsion), G3 (ovarian torsion persisted for 3 hours with prior administration of 100 mg/kg anthocyanin followed by detorsion), and G4 (received 100 mg/kg anthocyanin). After a reperfusion interval of 10 days, blood specimens were obtained for quantifying estrogen, testosterone, and oxidative stress markers in the plasma. Histomorphometric analysis was done to evaluate post-procedural tissue alterations. Results: The histopathological observations revealed considerable degenerative modifications in the G2 group (subjected to torsion/ detorsion) compared to the other groups (P<0.001). Estrogen, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels displayed notable reduction in the G2 group; however, these levels were reinstated in the anthocyanin-treated groups. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of oxidative stress, surged during the ischemic phase (P<0.001). Conclusions: Administration of anthocyanin led to a decline in MDA levels across the other groups. These findings collectively suggest that anthocyanin supplementation holds the potential to shield ovarian tissue against oxidative stress and structural damage incurred as a consequence of torsion/detorsion events.
Biomarkers to discriminate between aseptic loosened and stable total hip or knee arthroplasties: a systematic review
Authors: Hasan Shaho , van Schie Peter , Kaptein Bart L , Schoones Jan W , Marang-van de Mheen Perla J , Nelissen Rob G H H
Published: January 2024

Background

Loosening is a major cause for failure of total hip and total knee arthroplasties (THAs/TKAs). Preemptive diagnostics of asymptomatic loosening could open strategies to prevent gross loosening. A multitude of biomarkers may discriminate between loosened and stable implants, but it is unknown which have the best performance. The present systematic review aimed to assess which biomarkers have shown the most promising results in discriminating between stable and aseptic loosened THAs and TKAs.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Academic Search Premier were systematically searched up to January 2020 for studies including THA/TKA and biomarkers to assess loosening. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the ICROMS tool to classify the quality of the studies.

Results

Twenty-eight (three high-quality) studies were included, reporting on a median of 48 patients (interquartile range 28–69). Serum and urine markers were evaluated in 22 and 10 studies, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor α and osteocalcin were significantly higher in loosened compared with stable implants. Urinary N-terminal telopeptide had significantly elevated levels in loosened prostheses.

Conclusion

Several serum and urine markers were promising in discriminating between loosened and stable implants. We recommend future studies to evaluate these biomarkers in a longitudinal fashion to assess whether progression of loosening is associated with a change in these biomarkers. In particular, high-quality studies assessing the usability of these biomarkers are needed.
El hacinamiento carcelario como limitante en la transformación de las personas privadas de libertad
Authors: Rojas Víquez Mónica
Published: January 2024

The following work is part of the project A UNA's Pedagogy for Reunion: Human rights, transformative education, and literature in institutional care centers in Costa Rica, from the National University of Costa Rica, from the Institute of Latin American Studies (IDELA). This aims to observe the prison as an anthropological site where individuals living in these contexts, typically overcrowded, encounter restrictions on their freedom of choice and autonomy, which impacts their transformation process.
Apuntes del surgimiento del fundamentalismo religioso en Centroamérica y su relación con los derechos humanos
Authors: Barrera Rivera Dan Abner
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the historical context of the 1980s in Central America to understand the social, economic, political, and human rights conditions that this region was experiencing, in which neo-Pentecontalism emerged as an expression of religious fundamentalism. This was not a native manifestation of these societies but rather a phenomenon that originated in the United States as part of a political project aimed at addressing the situation in the Central American region during that time. It was a period marked by political and military conflicts, primarily in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, whose attention and consequences led to the involvement of the other countries in the area. In the course of these struggles, Christian groups also engaged. They sympathized with the Latin American Theology of Liberation, whose central message was the option for the poor. This led them to support political movements of liberation striving to transform the capitalist socio-economic structure. This demonstrates that the religious element, which had historically aligned with dominant political and economic entities, broke with that tradition but, this time, through a small sector. In light of this, the United States made the decision to promote and introduce religious fundamentalism to Central America in order to halt revolutionary political projects. Understanding the context in which neo-Pentecostalism arises allows for a comprehension of its relationship with or opposition to human rights-related issues.
Del estrés a la escasez hídrica: su impacto en la paz y el desarrollo global
Authors: Schiaffini-Aponte Rossana , Soto-Ramírez Marybel , Valera Pérez Miguel Ángel , Linares-Fleites Gladys
Published: January 2024

The wide range of water-related problems, with their diverse implications for living beings and the environment, is an urgent issue to which both decision-makers at various levels and academia, as a generator and mobiliser of relevant and valuable knowledge for the community, must dedicate themselves. In Resolution 64/292, the United Nations General Assembly explicitly recognised the Human Right to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation (HRWSS), of July 28th., 2010.  It calls upon States and international organisations to provide financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer to help provide accessible and affordable drinking water supply and sanitation for all. The primary objective of this article is  raise awareness among the general population of the risks and conflicts caused by weak water governance by providing information, through the methodology of meta-analysis, in the quest to educate and deepen the conservation and reutilisation of water, not only as a limited natural resource but also as a central part of maintaining peace in an increasingly water-thirsty world where powerful interests continue the demand for and consumption of this precious liquid, despite the populations themselves and the scientific warnings on the subject.
La justicia mnemónica como mínimo ético del procedimiento dialógico ante la Sala de Reconocimiento de Verdad, Responsabilidad y Determinación de Hechos y Conductas de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz, para la garantía de los derechos de las víctimas e
Authors: Castañeda Durán Juan Felipe
Published: January 2024

The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (SJP) integrates a prior dialogic procedure in its institutional arrangement. This procedure aims to facilitate interactions between participants and victims to enhance contributions to the truth. This procedure faces problems that hinder the guarantee of victims' rights, conflicting with the principle of centrality of the victims. In this framework, we propose a mnemonic justice model as an ethical and procedural minimum at this stage of the process. This model can offer the participants tools to address to the needs of the victims in an effective manner.
MICROBIOME AND REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES – SYNERGETIC FACTORS OF TUMOR PROGRESSION
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine,, Shvets Yu.V. ,   NSC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bezdieniezhnykh N.O. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine,, Lykhova O.O. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine,, Chekhun V.F. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine,
Published: January 2024

Summary. The tumor microenvironment is a unique composition of cellular and soluble factors associated with the development of the tumor process. These factors include stromal and endothelial cells, cells of the immune system, components of the extracellular matrix, and cytokines. Recently, the microbiome, which is one of the key components for maintaining the homeostasis of any organs and tissues of the human body, was included as an element of the tumor microenvironment. Cellular elements of the microenvironment are interconnected and interdependent. Such influence is implemented with the involvement of soluble factor, among which the role of the “two-face Janus” is played by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The review provides data on the importance of ROS for the activity of immune system cells and the microbiome. Mechanisms of influence of the microbiome with the participation of ROS on the tumor process were considered.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBINED USE OF IMMUNO- AND CHEMOTHERAPY WITH DIFFERENT METASTATIC POTENTIAL TUMORS
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Voyeykova I.M. , Cheremshenko N.L. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chumak A.V. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Symchych T.V. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Karaman О.М. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fedosova N.I. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary. Aim: to assess the effectiveness of the combined use of immune and chemotherapy with different metastatic tumors. Object and methods: two experimental models were used: Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (ACE) and Lewis lung carcinoma (CLL). As a means of chemotherapy used cisplatin, biotherapy – B. subtilis IMB B-7724 lectin, which in low concentrations has immunostimulating activity. Animals of different groups were introduced in mono-mode or theіr combination. The standard tumor growth and metastasis rates were evaluated. Upon completion of treatment, the activity of nonspecific immunity effectors was evaluated. The statistical analysis of the results was performed according to the generally accepted methods of variation statistics. Results: on both models of tumor growth, antitumor and antimetastatic efficacy is demonstrated as a means of immunotherapy of B. subtilis IMB B-7724 lectin. The severity of the effect depended on the mode of its introduction (mono-mode, combination with chemotherapy) and model tumors: for mice with ACE more effective was the introduction of lectin in mono-mode (the tumor growth index, TGI=53,2%); with LLC – combined injection of lectin and cisplatin (TGI =46,5%, metastasization inhibition index, МІІ=78,6%). The effect in both cases is associated with the ability of the lectin to remodel and maintain for a long time on the background of tumor growth polarization of macrophages in the direction of the proinflammatory state of M1 (increase in production of NO against the background of reduction of arginase activity (ARG)). This is evidenced by a strong positive correlation between NO/ARG and TGI level (r = 0.90, p <0.05 (ACE); also between NO/ARG and IIM level (r = 0.98, p <0.05 (CLL)). Conclusions: antitumor and antimetastatic efficiency of various regimens of use of chemo-/immunotherapy is due to the activation of nonspecific immune response and depends on both the immunogenic characteristics of tumors and on the initial physiological features of the immune system.
BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIAL AND BREAST CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH ESR1
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Buchynska L.G. , Glushchenko N.M. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Iurchenko N.P. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary. Aim: to evaluate the expression pattern of genes associated with ESR1 in the progression of endometrial and breast cancer. Object and methods: protein-protein interactions associated with ESR1 in the progression endometrial (EC) and breast cancer (BRCA) were evaluated based on the STRING v. 12.0 database. Using the interactive databases GEPIA2 and UALCAN, the expression of genes associated with ESR1 in EC and BRCA at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively, was investigated. Results: genes (score > 0.9) associated with ESR1 in both EC and BRCA tumor cells were identified (SRC, CCND1, TP53, PGR, FN1, HIF1A, AKT1). It was established that low values of mRNA expression of CCND1, PGR and high SRC, FN1 in EC and BRCA are associated with an unfavorable prognosis of the course of these oncopathologies. It is shown that lower 5-year survival for patients with EC is observed with a lower expression of TP53, than for patients with BRCA with a higher expression of this indicator. Conclusions: on the basis of prognostic modeling, the interactions of the studied genes associated with ESR1 were determined. Their expression at the levels of proteins and mRNA in EC and BRCA was evaluated, which is associated with the progression of these forms of cancer. Such bioinformatic analysis is the theoretical basis for further validation of a panel of potential biomarkers as informative prognostic indicators associated with the features of oncogenesis of endometrial and mammary gland tissues.
GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND MINERALOCORTICOIDS IN BLOOD PLASMA AS MARKERS FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ADRENAL CORTEX TUMORS
Authors:   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Gordiichuk P. ,   Kyiv City Clinical Endocrinology Center, Kyiv, Ukraine, Roienko Yu. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine,   Kyiv City Clinical Endocrinology Center, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pogorelov O. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine,   Kyiv City Clinical Endocrinology Center, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gordiichuk M. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary: Aim: assessment of the pituitary-adrenal and renin-aldosterone systems state in patients with various types of adrenocortical adenomas. Object and methods: in 35 patients with adrenocortical adenomas, the hormonal status was evaluated by a direct quantitative immunoenzymatic analysis. The levels of glucocorticoids (cortisol) and mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) were determined. The levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and renin were assessed by immunochemical methods using monoclonal antibodies specific for ACTH and renin. Results: increasing level of the cortisol against the background of a decreasing level of the ACTH in patients with cortisol-producing adrenocortical adenomas was revealed. In patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas, aldosteronism develops against the background of an unchanged level of renin and an increase in the aldosterone-renin ratio. Conclusions: the occurrence of hormone-dependent adenomas in the adrenal cortex disrupts the functioning of the pituitary-adrenal and renin-aldosterone systems, which serves as a criterion for the early diagnosis of adrenocortical adrenal adenomas.
EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF CD90, CD117, CD123, AND CD147 IN MATURE B CELL NEOPLASMS
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Zavelevich M.P. , Shlapatska L.M. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Philchenkov A.A. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Polishchuk А.S. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Golyarnik N.A ,   National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine, Abramenko I.V. ,   National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine, Martina Z.V. ,   National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine, Zinchenkо V.N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No 9, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bazyka D.A. ,   National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary. Aim: to analyze the expression patterns of CD90, CD117, CD123, and CD147 on cells of the mature B-cell neoplasms, in particular marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and the expression of CD147 on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Object and methods: the expression patterns of the surface antigens on the transformed B cells were analyzed in the peripheral blood samples of the MZL, MCL, and CLL patients (34 patients in total) by the flow cytometry using the monoclonal antibodies. Results: at least one of the antigens – CD90, CD117, or CD123 was expressed in 20.0–33.3% of MCL cases and 27.2–54.5% of MZL cases at the level ≥ 1% of the cells in the subpopulation of CD45-positive lymphoid cells. One MCL case demonstrated the high content of CD117-positive cells (31.0%) accompanied by CD90 expression on 3.8% of cells. The high content of the CD147-positive cells was found not only in MZL and MCL but also in CLL. Conclusion: a small fraction of cells of lymphoid neoplasms expresses several antigens of the leukemic stem cells and cells of the myeloid lineage. The ubiquitous pattern of CD147 expression on cells of these neoplasms has been demonstrated. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the expression of the studied antigens remains unknown necessitating further clinical studies of the clinical features of these diseases taking into account the expression of the atypical markers.
THE INFLUENCE OF ENTEROSORPTION ON SYSTEM “TUMOR AND HOST” AND TOXIC MANIFESTATIONS OF SOME CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Patholohy, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bardakhivska K.I. , Sarnatskaya V.V. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Patholohy, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gerashchenko B.I. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Patholohy, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nikolaev V.G. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Patholohy, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary. Development of malignant neoplasms is a serious pathological condition accompained by a significant body intoxication. Complex application of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy greatly improves the results of treatment of the patients with cancer, however, their toxic effects are enhanced that manifested as suppression of hematopoesis, immunosupression, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity. Enterosorption using highly active carbon sorbents is one of the perspective methods of overcoming endotoxicosis caused by systemic intoxication. The results of the study obtained on laboratory animals, namely on mice with Leweis lung carcinoma, rats with Geren’s carcinoma treated with cisplatin, rats treated with melphalan, doxorubicin, as well as irradiated rats, showed excellent efficiency of carbon enterosorbents in reducing the toxic manifestations of radiation and chemotherapy. The enterosorbents showed a myeloprotective action, lead to significant improvement of some haematological and biochemical parameters of blood and reduced manifestations of oxidative stress and the level of endogenous intoxication.
Selectividad de herbicidas en camote (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) variedad Criollo
Authors: Herrera-Murillo Franklin , Picado-Arroyo Grettel
Published: January 2024

Introducción. El camote (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.) es sensible a la competencia por arvenses, cuyo control químico en Costa Rica se dificulta por la limitada información local generada sobre selectividad de herbicidas en este cultivo. Objetivo. Determinar la selectividad de seis herbicidas aplicados en diferentes etapas de desarrollo al camote Criollo y su efecto en la cobertura, biomasa y rendimiento del cultivo. Materiales y métodos. De agosto a diciembre del 2021 se realizaron tres experimentos en la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno, Universidad de Costa Rica, Alajuela, Costa Rica. El experimento 1 incluyó al metribuzin 0,36 kg i.a. ha-1, pendimetalina 1,50 kg i.a. ha-1, clomazone 0,48 kg i.a. ha-1, halosulfuron 0,075 kg i.a. ha-1, linuron 1,00 kg i.a. ha-1 y metolaclor 1,25 kg i.a. ha-1 aplicados seis días después de la siembra (dds), con diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. El experimento 2, incluyó linuron 1,00 kg i.a. ha-1 y metribuzin 0,36 kg i.a. ha-1 aplicados a los -1, 15 y 30 dds, con diseño de bloques al azar con arreglo factorial 2x3 y tres repeticiones. El experimento 3, halosulfuron 0,075 kg i.a. ha-1 y metribuzin 0,36 kg i.a. ha-1 con fluazifop-p-butil 0,125 kg i.a. ha-1, y diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. En todos los casos se realizó deshierba 15 y 30 dds. Resultados. Experimento 1: solo el halosulfuron causó daños leves en las plantas, y ningún herbicida afectó la producción de biomasa aérea, ni el rendimiento de raíces reservantes. Experimento 2: solo el linuron y metribuzin aplicados 15 y 30 dds causaron daños leves, pero no afectaron el rendimiento de raíces reservantes. Experimento 3: las mezclas causaron daños temporales en las plantas, pero no afectaron el rendimiento de raíces reservantes. Conclusiones. Los herbicidas evaluados fueron selectivos al camote variedad Criollo y no afectaron el rendimiento de raíces reservantes comercializables, aunque halosulfuron causó daños leves en todas las formas de aplicación, mientras que metribuzin y linuron lo hicieron solo en aplicaciones tardías.
Implications for Legislative Response to Protect Victims of Dating Violence
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Kim Hee-Jung
Published: January 2024

Recently in Korea, there has been growing concern among citizens due to the severity and dangers associated with violence occurring in intimate relationships, commonly referred to as “dating violence.” Despite the escalating frequency and intensity of such crimes, there is a lack of legal grounds to protect the victims. Often, when victims seek protection or assistance from law enforcement, they end up becoming criminal victims themselves. Especially, those in current or past dating relationships or those in close relationships find it challenging to seek help from others or request legal remedies from state judicial institutions due to the nature of their relationship. Consequently, dating violence is one of the crimes with a notably high unreported rate.
Although Korea currently has individual laws addressing violence in intimate relationships such as child abuse, domestic violence, elder abuse, stalking, and criminal offenses under the Penal Code, there are no comprehensive regulations for protective measures that can effectively prevent the persistence and evolution of such violence. Specifically, most victims of dating violence do not fall under the category of “family members” as defined by the Domestic Violence Punishment Law. While a recent law on stalking has been implemented, allowing for the protection of stalking victims and punishment of perpetrators, other forms of violence, like physical abuse, are addressed separately based on their criminal elements under the Penal Code. In essence, while there are legal responses to punish perpetrators, there is no legal framework specifically dedicated to protecting the victims.
Therefore, before the harm from dating violence occurs, our society must establish protective measures for potential victims. It is imperative to create a societal culture, environment, and legal system where perpetrators cannot commit these crimes.
A Study on Legal Issues and Legislative Directions for the Stability of the Utilization about Health and Medical Data
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Lee Ha-Young , Choi Bong-Seok
Published: January 2024

Efforts are underway to establish a legal foundation for the use of data in the healthcare field through the revision of the Personal Information Protection Act and the issuance of guidelines for the utilization of health care data. However, the current legislative framework for the utilization of health and medical data faces limitations, including conflicts with existing laws, challenges in ensuring the stability and reliability of data utilization, and competition between the necessity for industrial development. The regulatory framework regarding the utilization of health care data, despite having the format of guidelines, is being implemented as if it were actual legislation.
In this study, four major legal issues related to the utilization of health and medical data are identified through a comprehensive examination. To promote the activation of health and medical data, it is crucial to ensure the stability of health and medical data utilization. Therefore, the establishment of an independent law is necessary, with a definition of the concept of health and medical data tailored to the practical characteristics of the health and medical field. Regulations should be put in place in the law regarding pseudonymization and pseudonymization procedures to ensure legal stability. The Data Review Committee should be regulated in a direction that secures a legal basis and expertise. Strengthening the legal status of data utilization agencies through permits and approvals, along with enhanced regulations on responsibilities for violations, is essential. In summary, through swift legislative responses and the establishment of a regulatory system, the foundation for the utilization and responsibility of health and medical data should be secured, ensuring successful integration into our society through effective regulation.
Problems and Improvement Measures of Gift Property Deduction
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Park Sung Ook , Lee Jung Soo , Kim Seo Hyun
Published: January 2024

Currently, the policy direction of the global inheritance and gift tax is changing to promote economic revitalization by promoting the transfer of wealth to the younger generation rather than suppressing the inheritance of wealth. In the case of Korea, there are attempts to follow the global trend to the extent that it does not impair the role of wealth redistribution, but it is true that more research is still needed on the gift tax system. In particular, the gift property deduction of the current gift tax has not been revised since the revision in 2015.
Statistics show an increasing trend in both inheritance tax and gift tax, which is increasing their importance in Korea's tax revenue. Under these circumstances, the fact that the gift property deduction has not been revised for nearly 10 years is an issue that makes people feel the need for revision more.
In the case of the United States, instead of integrating the deduction limit for estate tax and gift tax by operating the integrated tax credit system, the amount is set large and the amount is increased or decreased according to prices. In the case of Japan, similar to Korea, the basic deduction system is operated, but unlike Korea, the amount of the deduction is initialized every year to allow taxpayers to make a reasonable gift plan.
Tax revision must be made in a way that does not impair its essence, but it is also important to reflect reality. Therefore, the inheritance and gift tax should not impair the essential role of limiting the inheritance of wealth, but it is necessary to find a way to transfer wealth to the younger generation in a reasonable way. As a solution, the following two are suggested. First, the combined period of the gifted property deduction is reduced from the current 10 years to 5 years. Next, it is proposed to increase the spouse deduction limit for the gifted property deduction from the current 600 million.
A review on the defense of disenrichment by a person enriched without notice: Supreme Court of Korea, Decision of 14 October 2022, 2018Da244488
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Lee Jieun
Published: January 2024

With the respect to the restitution of unjust enrichment, a person enriched without notice is liable to return the unjust enrichment to the amount that he/she still possesses of such benefits pursuant to Article 748 (1) of the Korean Civil Act, and if the benefits that the person enriched is a pecuniary gain, the money is presumed to be still possessed by the person regardless of whether he/she consumed it or not. Accordingly, in a specific case, possibility that the defense of disenrichment by the person enriched is accepted was limited, and no clear standard for that was presented.
The judgment that is the subject of this paper is the first judgment that generalizes one of the reasons for which the defense of disenrichment is recognized, ruling if a person gained pecuniary benefits without notice resulting from an invalid legal act ‘uses or disburses the money enriched in accordance with the instructions of the offeror or agreement with the offeror,’ then the presumption that the person enriched still possesses the benefits can be changed when returning the unjust enrichment.
The defense of disenrichment under the Korean Civil Act corresponds to the defense of change of position under the U.S. Restatement (Third) of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment. These are all designed to protect a person enriched without notice, and the most significant difference between the Korean law and that of U.S. is a definition of ‘without notice’. Article 748 (1) of the Korean Civil Act interprets the ‘without notice’ as ‘in good faith (mere negligence),’ but Article 65 of the U.S. Restatement (Third) of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment interprets if a recipient gains any benefit without notice, then he/she gains that benefits with no-fault. As such, the court considers the fault of the recipient in recognizing the defense of change of position.
The case that a person enriched without notice ‘uses or disburses the money enriched in accordance with the instructions of the offeror or agreement with the offeror’ which is presented as a reason for acknowledging the defense of disenrichment in the judgment that is the subject of this paper can be interpreted to mean that ‘no-fault’ of a person enriched must be taken into consideration when deciding the amount of benefits to be returned. In this respect, it can be said that U.S. Restatement (Third) of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment which does not consider the fault of a person enriched in determining unjust enrichment, but considers the fault of a person enriched when determining the scope of amount of benefits to be returned in order to decide whether the defence of change of position is recognized or not has significant implications for us when interpreting Article 748 (1) of the Civil Act.