bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manifold Calculus in System Theory and Control—Fundamentals and First-Order Systems
Authors: Fiori Simone
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present tutorial paper is to recall notions from manifold calculus and to illustrate how these tools prove useful in describing system-theoretic properties. Special emphasis is put on embedded manifold calculus (which is coordinate-free and relies on the embedding of a manifold into a larger ambient space). In addition, we also consider the control of non-linear systems whose states belong to curved manifolds. As a case study, synchronization of non-linear systems by feedback control on smooth manifolds (including Lie groups) is surveyed. Special emphasis is also put on numerical methods to simulate non-linear control systems on curved manifolds. The present tutorial is meant to cover a portion of the mentioned topics, such as first-order systems, but it does not cover topics such as covariant derivation and second-order dynamical systems, which will be covered in a subsequent tutorial paper.
Feasibility and Safety of a Novel Leg Exercise Apparatus for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis after Total Joint Arthroplasty of the Lower Extremities—A Pilot Study
Authors: Tanaka Kenta , Shimizu Yukiyo , Kamada Hiroshi , Aikawa Shizu , Mishima Hajime , Kanamori Akihiro , Nishino Tomofumi , Sakane Masataka , Ochiai Naoyuki , Yamazaki Masashi
Published: November 2021

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe complication in orthopedic surgeries. Herein, we developed a novel leg exercise apparatus (LEX) to encourage postoperative limb movement in bedridden patients to prevent VTE. We aimed to evaluate its feasibility and safety in individuals at risk of VTE. Twenty patients (four men, 16 women) who underwent total joint arthroplasty in the lower extremity were enrolled in this prospective study. Exercise using the LEX was performed for 5 min at 30 cycles/min, four times/day during postoperative days 1–7. Clinical assessments included the evaluation of vital signs, venous ultrasonography, and blood tests within seven days postoperatively, and adverse events (pulmonary embolism and cerebral hemorrhage) were monitored. Overall, 16/20 (80%) patients completed the 7-day exercise regimen. There were no cases of severe adverse events, changes in vital signs, or lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients who performed exercises with the LEX. Thus, the results of this pilot study show that this novel apparatus may be a safe and feasible tool for VTE prophylaxis after joint arthroplasty of the lower extremities.
The Use of Electronic Medical Records-Based Big-Data Informatics to Describe ALT Elevations Higher than 1000 IU/L in Patients with or without Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors: Amano Hiroyuki , Kanda Tatsuo , Mochizuki Hitoshi , Kojima Yuichiro , Suzuki Yoji , Hosoda Kenji , Ashizawa Hiroshi , Miura Yuko , Tsunoda Shotaro , Hirotsu Yosuke , Ohyama Hiroshi , Kato Naoya , Moriyama Mitsuhiko , Obi Shuntaro , Omata Masao
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the serious health problems in the world as HBV causes severe liver diseases. Moreover, HBV reactivation has occasionally been observed in patients with resolved HBV infection and patients using immunosuppression and anticancer drugs. Large-scale hospital data focused on HBV infection and severe liver function were analyzed at our hospital, located in an urban area adjacent to Tokyo, the capital city of Japan. A total of 99,932 individuals whose blood samples were taken at 7,170,240 opportunities were analyzed. The HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive group had a more frequent prevalence of patients with higher transaminase elevations than the HBsAg-negative group. However, among the HBsAg-negative group, patients who were positive for anti-HBV surface antibody and/or anti-HBV core antibody, had more severe liver conditions and fatal outcomes. More careful attention should be paid to alanine transaminase (ALT) elevations higher than 1000 IU/L in patients who had current and previous HBV infection.
Isolation and Identification of Type F Bovine Enterovirus from Clinical Cattle with Diarrhoea
Authors: Ji Chengyuan , Zhang Yao , Sun Ruini , Ma Jiale , Pan Zihao , Yao Huochun
Published: November 2021

Recently, bovine enterovirus (BEV) has caused several respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases outbreaks in cattle. Monitoring the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of this virus is crucial to controlling its spread. We isolated a BEV strain with typical cytopathic effects from the faeces of cows with significant diarrhoeal symptoms in China and observed the viral particles within 20–30 nm through transmission electron microscopy. Then, we designated this strain as HB19-1 in this study. The multistep growth curves showed that the virus propagated well in the MDBK cells. Molecular genetic analysis of VP1 indicated that HB19-1 belonged to the BEV-F1 group. Although the challenged ICR mice did not exhibit typical disease symptoms in animal infection assay, we observed significant pathological damage in the lungs, intestines, and muscle tissues. In summary, we isolated a BEV strain HB19-1 causing severe diarrhoea in cattle and proposed reinforcing the epidemiological surveillance of this virus.
G-Quadruplexes Formation at the Upstream Region of Replication Origin (OriL) of the Pseudorabies Virus: Implications for Antiviral Targets
Authors: Zhu Yance , Liu Wenhao , Zhang Chao
Published: November 2021

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease, which still causes large economic losses for the swine industry. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new strategy to prevent and control PRV infection. Previous studies have proven that guanine (G)-rich DNA or RNA sequences in some other viruses’ genomes have the potential to form G-quadruplex (G4), which serve as promising antivirus targets. In this study, we identified two novel G4-forming sequences, OriL-A and OriL-S, which are located at the upstream origin of replication (OriL) in the PRV genome and conserved across 32 PRV strains. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and a gel electrophoresis assay showed that the two G-rich sequences can fold into parallel G4 structures in vitro. Moreover, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting and a Taq polymerase stop assay indicated that the G4 ligand PhenDC3 has the capacity to bind and stabilize the G4. Notably, the treatment of PRV-infected cells with G4-stabilizer PhenDC3 significantly inhibited PRV DNA replication in host cells but did not affect PRV’s attachment and entry. These results not only expand our knowledge about the G4 characteristics in the PRV genome but also suggest that G4 may serve as an innovative therapeutic target against PRV.
Viruses of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda: A Review with Prospects for Biological Control
Authors: Hussain Ahmed G. , Wennmann Jörg T. , Goergen Georg , Bryon Astrid , Ros Vera I.D.
Published: November 2021

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a native pest species in the Western hemisphere. Since it was first reported in Africa in 2016, FAW has spread throughout the African continent and is now also present in several countries in Asia as well as Australia. The invasion of FAW in these areas has led to a high yield reduction in crops, leading to huge economic losses. FAW management options in the newly invaded areas are limited and mainly rely on the use of synthetic pesticides. Since there is a risk of resistance development against pesticides in addition to the negative environmental and human health impacts, other effective, sustainable, and cost-efficient control alternatives are desired. Insect pathogenic viruses fulfil these criteria as they are usually effective and highly host-specific with no significant harmful effect on beneficial insects and non-target organisms. In this review, we discuss all viruses known from FAW and their potential to be used for biological control. We specifically focus on baculoviruses and describe the recent advancements in the use of baculoviruses for biological control in the native geographic origin of FAW, and their potential use in the newly invaded areas. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps and suggest new avenues for productive research on the use of viruses as a biopesticide against FAW.
Rapid Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Aotearoa New Zealand: Implementation of a Diagnostic Test and Characterization of the First COVID-19 Cases in the South Island
Authors: Lawley Blair , Grant Jenny , Harfoot Rhodri , Treece Jackson M. , Day Robert , Hernández Leonor C. , Stanton Jo-Ann L. , Ussher James E. , Quiñones-Mateu Miguel E.
Published: November 2021

It has been 20 months since we first heard of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus detected in the Hubei province, China, in December 2019, responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Since then, a myriad of studies aimed at understanding and controlling SARS-CoV-2 have been published at a pace that has outshined the original effort to combat HIV during the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. This massive response started by developing strategies to not only diagnose individual SARS-CoV-2 infections but to monitor the transmission, evolution, and global spread of this new virus. We currently have hundreds of commercial diagnostic tests; however, that was not the case in early 2020, when just a handful of protocols were available, and few whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences had been described. It was mid-January 2020 when several District Health Boards across New Zealand started planning the implementation of diagnostic testing for this emerging virus. Here, we describe our experience implementing a molecular test to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, adapting the RT-qPCR assay to be used in a random-access platform (Hologic Panther Fusion® System) in a clinical laboratory, and characterizing the first whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences obtained in the South Island, right at the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in New Zealand. We expect that this work will help us and others prepare for the unequivocal risk of similar viral outbreaks in the future.
Bcl-xL Reduces Chinese Giant Salamander Iridovirus-Induced Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Interacting with Bak and Inhibiting the p53 Pathway
Authors: Li Yiqun , Fan Yuding , Zhou Yong , Jiang Nan , Xue Mingyang , Meng Yan , Liu Wenzhi , Zhang Jingjing , Lin Ge , Zeng Lingbing
Published: November 2021

Chinese giant salamander iridovirus (GSIV) infection could lead to mitochondrial apoptosis in this animal, a process that involves B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) superfamily molecules. The mRNA expression level of Bcl-xL, a crucial antiapoptotic molecule in the BCL-2 family, was reduced in early infection and increased in late infection. However, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the function and regulatory mechanisms of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) Bcl-xL (AdBcl-xL) during GSIV infection were investigated. Western blotting assays revealed that the level of Bcl-xL protein was downregulated markedly as the infection progressed. Plasmids expressing AdBcl-xL or AdBcl-xL short interfering RNAs were separately constructed and transfected into Chinese giant salamander muscle cells. Confocal microscopy showed that overexpressed AdBcl-xL was translocated to the mitochondria after infection with GSIV. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that apoptotic progress was reduced in both AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells compared with those in the control, while apoptotic progress was enhanced in cells silenced for AdBcl-xL. A lower number of copies of virus major capsid protein genes and a reduced protein synthesis were confirmed in AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells. Moreover, AdBcl-xL could bind directly to the proapoptotic molecule AdBak with or without GSIV infection. In addition, the p53 level was inhibited and the mRNA expression levels of crucial regulatory molecules in the p53 pathway were regulated in AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells during GSIV infection. These results suggest that AdBcl-xL plays negative roles in GSIV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and virus replication by binding to AdBak and inhibiting p53 activation.
Vector Competence of Eucampsipoda africana (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) for Marburg Virus Transmission in Rousettus aegyptiacus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)
Authors: Pawęska Janusz T. , Jansen van Vuren Petrus , Storm Nadia , Markotter Wanda , Kemp Alan
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to determine the vector competence of bat-associated nycteribiid flies (Eucamsipoda africana) for Marburg virus (MARV) in the Egyptian Rousette Bat (ERB), Rousettus aegyptiacus. In flies fed on subcutaneously infected ERBs and tested from 3 to 43 days post infection (dpi), MARV was detected only in those that took blood during the peak of viremia, 5–7 dpi. Seroconversion did not occur in control bats in contact with MARV-infected bats infested with bat flies up to 43 days post exposure. In flies inoculated intra-coelomically with MARV and tested on days 0–29 post inoculation, only those assayed on day 0 and day 7 after inoculation were positive by q-RT-PCR, but the virus concentration was consistent with that of the inoculum. Bats remained MARV-seronegative up to 38 days after infestation and exposure to inoculated flies. The first filial generation pupae and flies collected at different times during the experiments were all negative by q-RT-PCR. Of 1693 nycteribiid flies collected from a wild ERB colony in Mahune Cave, South Africa where the enzootic transmission of MARV occurs, only one (0.06%) tested positive for the presence of MARV RNA. Our findings seem to demonstrate that bat flies do not play a significant role in the transmission and enzootic maintenance of MARV. However, ERBs eat nycteribiid flies; thus, the mechanical transmission of the virus through the exposure of damaged mucous membranes and/or skin to flies engorged with contaminated blood cannot be ruled out.
Potential of an Eco-Sustainable Probiotic-Cleaning Formulation in Reducing Infectivity of Enveloped Viruses
Authors: D’Accolti Maria , Soffritti Irene , Bonfante Francesco , Ricciardi Walter , Mazzacane Sante , Caselli Elisabetta
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply influenced sanitization procedures, and high-level disinfection has been massively used to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread, with potential negative impact on the environment and on the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Aiming to overcome these concerns, yet preserving the effectiveness of sanitization against enveloped viruses, we assessed the antiviral properties of the Probiotic Cleaning Hygiene System (PCHS), an eco-sustainable probiotic-based detergent previously proven to stably abate pathogen contamination and AMR. PCHS (diluted 1:10, 1:50 and 1:100) was tested in comparison to common disinfectants (70% ethanol and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite), in suspension and carrier tests, according with the European UNI EN 14476:2019 and UNI EN 16777:2019 standards. Human alpha- and beta-coronaviruses hCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2, human herpesvirus type 1, human and animal influenza viruses, and vaccinia virus were included in the study. The results showed that PCHS was able to inactivate 99.99% of all tested viruses within 1–2 h of contact, both in suspension and on surface. Notably, while control disinfectants became inactive within 2 h after application, the PCHS antiviral action persisted up to 24 h post-application, suggesting that its use may effectively allow a continuous prevention of virus spread via contaminated environment, without worsening environmental pollution and AMR concern.
2D CFD Modeling of Rapid Water Filling with Air Valves Using OpenFOAM
Authors: Aguirre-Mendoza Andres M. , Oyuela Sebastián , Espinoza-Román Héctor G. , Coronado-Hernández Oscar E. , Fuertes-Miquel Vicente S. , Paternina-Verona Duban A.
Published: November 2021

The rapid filling process in pressurized pipelines has been extensively studied using mathematical models. On the other hand, the application of computational fluid dynamics models has emerged during the last decade, which considers the development of CFD models that simulate the filling of pipes with entrapped air, and without air expulsion. Currently, studies of CFD models representing rapid filling in pipes with entrapped air and with air expulsion are scarce in the literature. In this paper, a two-dimensional model is developed using OpenFOAM software to evaluate the hydraulic performance of the rapid filling process in a hydraulic installation with an air valve, considering different air pocket sizes and pressure impulsion by means of a hydro-pneumatic tank. The two-dimensional CFD model captures the pressure evolution in the air pocket very well with respect to experimental and mathematical model results, and produces improved results with respect to existing mathematical models.
Optimal Sensor Placement in Hydraulic Conduit Networks: A State-Space Approach
Authors: Geelen Caspar V. C. , Yntema Doekle R. , Molenaar Jaap , Keesman Karel J.
Published: November 2021

Conduit bursts or leakages present an ongoing problem for hydraulic fluid transport grids, such as oil or water conduit networks. Better monitoring allows for easier identification of burst sites and faster response strategies but heavily relies on sufficient insight in the network’s dynamics, obtained from real-time flow and pressure sensor data. This paper presents a linearized state-space model of hydraulic networks suited for optimal sensor placement. Observability Gramians are used to identify the optimal sensor configuration by maximizing the output energy of network states. This approach does not rely on model simulation of hydraulic burst scenarios or on burst sensitivity matrices, but, instead, it determines optimal sensor placement solely from the model structure, taking into account the pressure dynamics and hydraulics of the network. For a good understanding of the method, it is illustrated by two small water distribution networks. The results show that the best sensor locations for these networks can be accurately determined and explained. A third example is added to demonstrate our method to a more realistic case.
Major-Ion Chemistry and Quality of Water in Rivers of Northern West Siberia
Authors: Ivanova Irina , Savichev Oleg , Trifonov Nikolay , Kolubaeva Yulia V. , Volkova Natalia
Published: November 2021

This study reports a synthesis of years-long hydrogeochemical monitoring in northern West Siberia, performed by the Russian Meteorological Service (Rosgidromet) and several academic institutions. Natural factors and intensive human economic activity lead to the disruption of the ecosystems of the northern territories of Western Siberia. The aim of this study is to estimate the background water chemistry parameters in the rivers of northern West Siberia in the beginning of the 21st century. The mean values hydrochemical and geochemical indicators were determined with STATISTICA software, which can be used as background values in assessing the actual and allowable anthropogenic impact on water bodies. We revealed four water chemistry provinces: western Ob Gulf and Ob estuary catchments (I); eastern Ob Gulf and Taz Gulf catchments, except for the Taz River and its tributaries (II); Taz River catchments (III); Yenisei River catchments, right bank (IV). The major-ion chemistry of the sampled river waters records a combination of geological, geomorphological, and hydrological conditions in the four provinces. The features typical of the northern West Siberian Plain are especially prominent in province II, which has the lowest average total of major ions (Σmi), the highest chemical oxygen demand (potassium dichromate COD), and the highest contents of Fe and phosphates. The Σmi value is the highest in province IV. The river waters from four provinces share similarity in quite high organic contents (both potassium dichromate and permanganate COD), as well as high NH4+ and Fe. The long-term average Σmi of the waters is predicted not to change much in the coming one or two decades, though it may decrease slightly in the winter season but increase in the fall and spring time.
Investigation of the Effect of Vegetation on Flow Structures and Turbulence Anisotropy around Semi-Elliptical Abutment
Authors: Nabaei Seyedeh , Afzalimehr Hossein , Sui Jueyi , Kumar Bimlesh , Nabaei Seyed
Published: November 2021

In the present experimental study, the effect of vegetation on flow structure and scour profile around a bridge abutment has been investigated. The vegetation in the channel bed significantly impacted the turbulent statistics and turbulence anisotropy. Interestingly, compared to the channel without vegetation, the presence of vegetation in the channel bed dramatically reduced the primary vortex, but less impacts the wake vortex. Moreover, the tangential and radial velocities decreased with the vegetation in the channel bed, while the vertical velocity (azimuthal angle > 90°) had large positive values near the scour hole bed. Results showed that the presence of the vegetation in the channel bed caused a noticeable decrease in the Reynolds shear stress. Analysis of the Reynolds stress anisotropy indicated that the flow had more tendency to be isotropic for the vegetated bed. Results have shown that the anisotropy profile changes from pancake-shaped to cigar-shaped in the un-vegetated channel. In contrast, it had the opposite reaction for the vegetated bed.
Flood Risk Mapping by Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Technique
Authors: Farhadi Hadi , Najafzadeh Mohammad
Published: November 2021

Detecting effective parameters in flood occurrence is one of the most important issues that has drawn more attention in recent years. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) are two efficient ways to spatially predict Flood Risk Mapping (FRM). In this study, a web-based platform called the Google Earth Engine (GEE) (Google Company, Mountain View, CA, USA) was used to obtain flood risk indices for the Galikesh River basin, Northern Iran. With the aid of Landsat 8 satellite imagery and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), 11 risk indices (Elevation (El), Slope (Sl), Slope Aspect (SA), Land Use (LU), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), River Distance (RD), Waterway and River Density (WRD), Soil Texture (ST]), and Maximum One-Day Precipitation (M1DP)) were provided. In the next step, all of these indices were imported into ArcMap 10.8 (Esri, West Redlands, CA, USA) software for index normalization and to better visualize the graphical output. Afterward, an intelligent learning machine (Random Forest (RF)), which is a robust data mining technique, was used to compute the importance degree of each index and to obtain the flood hazard map. According to the results, the indices of WRD, RD, M1DP, and El accounted for about 68.27 percent of the total flood risk. Among these indices, the WRD index containing about 23.8 percent of the total risk has the greatest impact on floods. According to FRM mapping, about 21 and 18 percent of the total areas stood at the higher and highest risk areas, respectively.
Effects of Hypoxia on the Distribution of Calanoid Copepod Eggs in the Seabed Sediments of the Eutrophic Masan Bay, Korea
Authors: Choi Seo Yeol , Hyun Bonggil , Jang Pung-Guk , Shin Kyoungsoon , Soh Ho Young , Kang Jung-Hoon , Jang Min-Chul
Published: November 2021

In this study, we investigate the distribution of calanoid copepod eggs in the sediments of Masan Bay (South Sea, Korea), in which hypoxic conditions occur every summer. In August (2011), hypoxia was observed at all stations, while normoxia was observed in April (2012). The pH and hydrogen sulphide concentration at the sediment-water interface in the inner bay during August were 7.7 and >20 mol L−1, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the stations in April. The abundance of eggs in the sediment ranged from 0.69 to 1.49 × 106 eggs m−2 in August, and from 0.59 to 1.08 × 106 eggs m−2 in April. Notably, the proportion of abnormal eggs was high (a maximum of 77.1%) in August, and a uniform distribution of normal eggs (>80%) was observed in April. A generation of abnormal eggs hatched with deformed nauplii in Masan Bay during the summer, and a failure to hatch was likely due to the high H2S concentration and low pH caused by hypoxia. In this paper, we discuss the effects of hypoxia and seabed environments on the hatching success of calanoid copepod eggs.
The role of oral fluid biological markers in the clinical course of lichen planus
Authors: Gorbatova E. A. , Kozlova M. V. , Kushlinsky N. E. , Gerstein E. S.
Published: November 2021

Relevance. The pathogenetic mechanisms, which initiate oral mucosa cancer in patients with lichen planus, have not been entirely studied yet. However, endogenous factors, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), can be crucial in malignization. The study aimed to analyze the levels of MMP-8, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio in the oral fluid of patients with various forms of lichen planus.Materials and methods. We examined and treated 24 women, aged 35-70 years old, with reticular (14 patients) and atrophic (10 patients) oral lichen planus. The study determined the concentration of biological markers MMP-8 and TIMP-1 in the oral fluid before and after the treatment. The local treatment consisted of anti-inflammatory therapy with antiseptic solutions as oral baths with an exposure of 1 minute, application of vitamin A and E oil solutions on the gauze for 15-20 minutes, immune-corrective therapy was applied. We followed up with the patients at the diagnostic stage, after 14 days of treatment and 3 months later.Results. The study revealed statistically significant differences in the ratio of MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels in the oral fluid of lichen planus patients compared to the controls (p = 0.006). 11 patients exhibited an increase of MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio in comparison with the ratio maximum in control (p = 0.006).Conclusion. To assess the course of the disease in patients with various forms of oral lichen planus, the clinicians should evaluate the concentration ratio of biological markers MMP-8/ TIMP-1 in the mixed saliva. Clinicians should monitor the changes in the level of MMP-8/TIMP-1 in the oral fluid at least once every three months.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the oral mucosa traumatic lesion treatment in patients with a comorbidity
Authors: Makedonova Yu. A. , Poroyskiy S. V. , Gavrikova L. M. , Afanaseva О. Yu. , Dyachenko S. V. , Aleksandrina E. S.
Published: November 2021

Relevance. Patients with diabetes are prone to complications which negatively affect their quality of life. In such patients, several comorbidities may develop. One of the complications of diabetes mellitus is an impaired wound healing. Oral wound healing associated with the constant chronic trauma by sharp edges of teeth and prostheses is not an exception. Such wounds are characterized by a long, persistent, sluggish process of restoring the integrity of the oral mucosa epithelium.Materials and methods. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of wound treatment was carried out in 52 patients with diabetes mellitus. All patients were randomized into two equal groups. In the first group of patients, wounds were treated with traditional methods of pharmacotherapy, while in the second group, the oral mucosa was exposed to ozone and ozonated oil was applied. The patients were monitored and followed up for 14 days and as the reparative function was restored. The area and depth of the wound, the nature and amount of exudate, destruction, the edges of the wound and the surrounding connective tissue were taken into account.Results. The positive wound healing process was noted in both groups during the follow-up period. However, the inclusion of the ozone therapy in the treatment protocol favored faster restoration of the epithelium integrity.Conclusion. The present data will help dentists monitor and treat the wound process, which in turn will prevent malignancy as well as improve the prognosis for patients with diabetes.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Manajemen Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Hotel Chanti Semarang
Authors: Diah Lusy , Nugraheni Krisnawati Setyaningrum
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of work motivation, knowledge management and organizational support on employee performance at Hotel Chanti Semarang. This research uses quantitative descriptive which describes factual conditions with data collected from questionnaires based on direct observation of objects and interviews. Population and sample in this study were 64 employees of Hotel Chanti Semarang. Descriptive analysis through frequency and percentage, as well as statistical analysis using Multiple Linear Regression. The findings of this study, namely Work Motivation, Knowledge Management, and Organizational Support have been applied by employees and have had a positive and significant influence both simultaneously and partially on the performance of employees of Hotel Chanti Semarang. The results of the analysis show that all observed variables in the form of Work Motivation, Knowledge Management and Organizational Support are significant based on the acquisition of tcount > ttable, and it is found that the dominant influence of Organizational Support (X3) affects the Employee Performance of Chanti Hotel Semarang
Peningkatan Kapasitas Masyarakat Kawasan Wisata Goa Pawon
Authors: Lohjiwa Vyana , Darwis Riadi , Trihayuningtyas Endah , Sophian Tatang , Hutahaean Renalmon
Published: November 2021

Goa Pawon is one of tourist destination that has begun to be known by West Java’s people. In Goa Pawon, there are local people which becomes “ojeg”/motorcycle taxi drivers who often take tourists to Goa Pawon, but the survey results shown that they have not optimized their capacity to be able to act as a frontliner services for tourism. In fact, if they have basic knowledge of tourism and how to serve tourists excellently, tourists will feel satisfied whose impact is to increase their income as well as become agents that can accelerate the promotion and popularity of Goa Pawon.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ШКОЛЯРІВ З ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ ДО ТУРИСТСЬКО-КРАЄЗНАВЧОГО НАПРЯМУ ПОЗАШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Коваленко В. Є.
Published: November 2021

У статті розглядається проблема визначення психолого-педагогічних засад
залучення школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями до гурткової роботи туристсько- краєзнавчого напряму позашкільної освіти. Актуальність наукової розвідки обумовлена наявністю потенційних можливостей використання змісту освіти туристсько- краєзнавчого напряму щодо гармонізації процесів розвитку та соціалізації школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями. Залучення дітей з інтелектуальними порушеннями до туристсько-краєзнавчої діяльності дозволяє розвивати їх самосвідомість, національну ідентичність, реалізувати інтереси у вивченні природного різноманіття, історико- культурного надбання України та світу, формуванні туристсько-спортивних та краєзнавчих знань, умінь і навичок, розвитку навичок самообслуговування, задоволення потреб у русі, стимуляції фізичного розвитку. Автором визначено психологічні засади включення школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями до туристсько-краєзнавчої діяльності, що виявляються в первинній діагностиці та моніторингу інтересів та схильностей школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями, психолого-педагогічному стимулюванні мотивації, самостійності та цілепокладання цих школярів; педагогічній діагностиці стану моторного розвитку та рухових якостей; виявленні ступеня сформованості навичок самообслуговування та самостійного проживання. Педагогічні засади залучення школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями до туристсько-краєзнавчої діяльності базуються на визначенні просторово-предметних, психодидактичних і соціальних умов освітнього середовища гурткової роботи. Просторово-предметні умови освітнього середовища характеризують сукупність просторових і предметних «одиниць» (приміщень, меблів, приладів тощо) та спосіб їх функціонування в освітньому середовищі, яке надає суб'єктам комплекс різноманітних можливостей, провокуючи їх на вияв самостійності та вільної активності у різних видах діяльності, що є чинником та загальною закономірністю пізнавального розвитку. Психодидактичні умови передбачають наявність модифікованих курикулумів, адаптованих до
психічної діяльності, потенційних можливостей і потреб школярів з інтелектуальними порушеннями. Соціальні освітні середовищні умови передбачають визначення стилю та форм взаємодії гуртківців і педагога туристсько-краєзнавчого гуртка, з метою підвищення соціалізованості та розвитку школярів, розвитку їх соціального досвіду, самостійності та соціально-нормативної поведінки.
Eu de nós
Authors: Soares da Costa Lucivania
Published: November 2021

O livro Eu de Nós reúne os poemas construídos por Lucivania Soares e as ilustrações do designer Juliardy Rodrigues. Trata-se de uma obra de arte atraente e curiosa, um verdadeiro presente aos olhos e à alma.
Prevalência de aditivos alimentares em sucos industrializados sabor laranja comercializados em Baturité-CE
Authors: Batista Barbosa José Heligleyson , Azevedo da Penha Maria Flavia
Published: November 2021

Prevalência de aditivos alimentares em sucos industrializados sabor laranja comercializados em Baturité-CE
Uso do Canvas em processos de ensino para desenvolvimento de novos produtos alimentícios
Authors: de Lima Pinheiro Francisca Gabriela , de Assis Braun Maria do Socorro
Published: November 2021

Uso do Canvas em processos de ensino para desenvolvimento de novos produtos alimentícios
Aplicação e aceitabilidade da biomassa de banana verde adicionada em preparações da merenda escolar do município de Redenção – Ceará
Authors: Pereira Costa Thaianá , Silva Vieira José Danisio , Moreno da Silva Marília , Roque da Silva Erivalda , da Silveira Vasconcelos Mirele
Published: November 2021

Aplicação e aceitabilidade da biomassa de banana verde adicionada em preparações da merenda escolar do município de Redenção – Ceará
Mapping the characteristics of climate change in Stavropol region
Authors: Antonov Sergey , Katorgin Igor
Published: November 2021

Currently, there is dynamic global climate change, as evidenced by the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). For many agricultural regions, including the South of Russia, such changes increase the already high natural and climatic risks. The Stavropol Territory, like most other regions of Russia, has insufficient coverage of the territory with a network of meteorological stations, in connection with which it becomes necessary to use modern GIS technologies for analyzing spatial data. In this work, the interpolation method “Natural Neighbor” was used to analyze climate data. The use of geoinformation technologies made it possible to identify regional features of climate change throughout the Stavropol Territory over the past 60 years (1961–2020). In the region, there has been an increase in the average annual air temperature over the past 30 years by 0.9°C, while maintaining the current growth rate by 2050, the average annual temperature may increase by another 0.6°C. The intraannual heterogeneity of the temperature increase was revealed, so in January, February, March and August it ranges from +1.8 to +2.0°C, in October to +1.6°C, and for the rest of the months the increase does not exceed 1°C, and only in November, the temperature drops to -0.6°C. One of the main limiting factors of the efficiency of crop production is the moisture supply of the territory. Analysis of the deviations of the annual precipitation amount in the Stavropol Territory does not allow us to reveal a reliable trend in their change, since there are significant fluctuations over the years, which can lead to the occurrence of unfavorable arid phenomena. It was found that for the period 1961–2020. droughts of various durations occur annually. At the same time, there is a likelihood of extremely unfavorable 5-month droughts, which can provoke a whole range of adverse events, such as dry winds and dust storms. On the basis of geoinformation technologies, a series of maps was created that describes the climatic conditions of the period 1991–2020, which is a new climatic norm for the territory of the Stavropol Territory.
ONCOCYTIC INTRATHYROID PARATHYROID ADENOMA MASQUERADING AS HURTHLE CELL NEOPLASM: FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY OF TWO CASES
Authors: Lahori Mega , Chen Hua
Published: November 2021

Ectopic parathyroid adenomas in thyroid tissue are uncommon (0.7 - 6%), and their oncocytic variants are exceedingly rare. We report two cases of
intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma which were diagnosed as Hurthle cell adenoma on cytology. Case 1 is a 49-year-old female with a 2.4 cm
hypoechoic nodule in the left lateral neck. Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay of the aspirate revealed PTH level of 422 pg/ml, conrming the
presence of hyperfunctional parathyroid tissue. Subsequent resection of the left thyroid lobe revealed an enlarged intrathyroidal parathyroid. Case
2 is a 58-year-old female with a 2.1 cm hypoechoic nodule in the posterior-mid left thyroid lobe. Strong overexpression of parathyroid hormone and
Chromogranin A genes and low expression of thyrocyte-related genes suggested parathyroid origin of the cells sampled. MEN1 mutation and
multiple copy number alterations indicated the neoplastic nature of the nodule.
Parathyroid oxyphil cells and oncocytic thyrocytes share cytomorphological ndings and distinguishing them by cytology alone is challenging,
especially when the targeted lesion is intrathyroidal. Distinguishing intrathyroid oncocytic parathyroid adenoma from oncocytic thyroid follicular
lesions has signicant clinical implications as Bethesda-IV category lesions have 20%–30% risk of malignancy. While stippled chromatin or
intracytoplasmic fat vacuoles may be suggestive of parathyroid origin, these are not specic. Classifying the origin of a nodule as parathyroid vs
thyroid rests upon the detection of PTH in aspirate material by ECL, immunocytochemistry or next-generation sequencing. In parathyroid
aspirates, PTH level 100 pg/mL is suggestive of the presence of PTH-secre ≥ ting tissue at the site biopsied or along the needle track.
NEUROMUSCULAR AND VASCULAR HAMARTOMA SECONDARY TO ENDOMETRIOSIS AT APPENDICEAL TIP MISDIAGNOSED AS APPENDICEAL NEOPLASM: AN EXTREMELY RARE CASE REPORT WITH LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Saad EL-Din Somaia Ahmed , Almamari Abdulla , Julandani Nabila Al , Al Alawi Ibrahim
Published: November 2021

Background: Endometriosis of the appendix is reported to be 1 to 3 % of the total endometriosis. Neuromuscular and vascular hamartoma
(NMVH) is a rare lesion with only 27 cases reported in intestine since its initial description in 1982 and only one reported case in the appendix until
now. We present a 52-year-old Omani female patient complaining of chronic interm Case presentation: itted abdominal pain. On CT scan
(computed tomography scan), there was appendiceal lesion near the tip suggestive of mucinous cystadenoma. Diagnostic laparoscopy with
appendectomy was conducted. There was a well-dened lesion with central fatty area at appendiceal tip focally merge with the outer muscle layer
and mostly embedded in the mesoappendix. Microscopic examination showed focal area of endometriosis at the outer longitudinal muscle layer of
the appendix. This focally merge with a well-dened mass like lesion that is embedded in the mesoappendix. The lesion composed of benign
random arranged smooth muscle bers, scattered nerve bundles, some of which showed ganglionic cells including degenerated one, adipose tissue,
thin and thick-walled small blood vessels. Features were consistent with NMVH that appeared secondary to the nearby endometriosis.
Conclusion: Endometriosis of bowel should be suspected in female with longstanding intermitted abdominal pain. NMVH is extremely rare in
appendix, thus clinical and radiological suggestion of such diagnosis is difcult. Secondary neuromuscular hamartoma is reported in association
with Crohn's disease as a consequence of the chronic inammation and thus could be suspected secondary to endometriosis
Histological Study On The Testes of African Striped Ground Squirrel (Xerus Erythropus)
Authors: Korzerzer R. M.
Published: November 2021

In this study, the testes of African striped ground squirrels (Xerus erythropus)obtained between the months of January and May were studied at histological level using Haematoxilin and Eosin stain, Masson Trichome stain and Periodic acid Schiff to examine the histo-architechure, collagen and glycogen localizations in the testes respectively. The results showed that the testes had finely arranged cells within the seminiferous tubules which were positive for both Masson-trichome and Periodic acid shiff by reacting to the blue and magenta colours respectively. However, the histoarchitechture of the testes did not show spermatogenic activity. In conclusion, the testes of African striped ground squirrel obtained between the months of January and May did not show detailed spermatogenic activity. This suggests that the squirrel is a seasonal breeding rodent with a dormant reproductive phase occurring around January to May. The testes also contains cells that express glycogen which suggests that energy in form of glycogen may be needed for the initiation of spermatogenesis.
The Schott Energy and the Reactive Energy in Electromagnetic Radiation and Mutual Couplings
Authors: Xiao Gaobiao
Published: November 2021

A revised version.  The main derivation is reorganized, some denotations are changed.

In the proposed theory for analyzing the electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic mutual couplings in vacuum, the electromagnetic energy associated with a source is separated into three parts: a Coulomb-velocity energy, a radiative energy and a macroscopic Schott energy. At the instant that the sources disappear, the Coulomb-velocity energy disappers simultaneously; a short time later, the total macroscopic Schott energy becomes zero, while the radiative energy keeps propagating and the total radiative energy becomes constant. By applying the Lienard-Wiechert potentials to a moving charge, this paper illustrates that the macroscopic Schott energy is corresponding to the Schott energy in the charged particle theory.
The Schott Energy and the Reactive Energy in Electromagnetic Radiation and Mutual Couplings
Authors: Xiao Gaobiao
Published: November 2021

In the proposed theory for
analyzing the electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic mutual couplings in
vacuum, the electromagnetic energy associated with a source is basically separated
into two parts. One is the Coulomb-velocity energy that is attached to the
source, the other is the radiative energy that will depart from the source. A macroscopic
Schott energy term is introduced to account for the interchange between the Coulomb-velocity
energy and the radiative energy. It has shown that the Schott energy will disappear
with its sources but not simultaneously. It continues to exist for a short
while after its source disappeared and will finally convert to radiative energy.
The reactive electromagnetic energy consists of the Coulomb-velocity energy and
the Schott energy, while the radiative energy also includes the contribution of
the Schott energy. The theory provides a consistent formulation for the
reactive energies and power balance equations both in time domain and frequency
domain, which is validated with the radiation of a Hertzian dipole. By applying
the Lienard-Wiechert potentials, this paper illustrates that the macroscopic Schott
energy exactly agrees with the one obtained by many researchers for a
non-relativistic moving charged particle.
Electronic and Vibrational Properties of Fe2NiAl and Co2NiAl Full Heusler Alloys: A First-Principles Comparison
Authors: Miroshkina Olga , Sokolovskiy Vladimir , Buchelnikov Vasiliy , Gruner Markus
Published: November 2021

In this work, we report
on a systematic first-principles study of the structural, electronic,
vibrational and thermodynamic properties of the cubic Fe2NiAl and
tetragonally distorted Co2NiAl full Heusler compounds. We
discuss systematically the competition between the inverse Heusler structure
and a Tp-type layered atomic ordering formed by the
alternating planes of (Fe,Co) and Ni atoms in terms of the electronic and
vibrational density of states.

Such an arrangement is
predicted to be the ground state of Fe2NiAl. For Co2NiAl,
layered ordering has slightly higher energy in comparison with the inverse one,
however, we show that it might be stabilized at
rather low temperatures.

Due to the broken
symmetry, layered Tp-Fe2NiAl possesses a large MAE
of the same order as tetrataenite FeNi - even in a phase with cubic
lattice parameters, which makes a Tp-type layered order an
interesting feature for rare-earth free permanent magnets in Heusler-type
compounds.
Animal delta-like viruses (Kolmioviridae: Deltavirus) and the origin of the human hepatitis D virus (HDV)
Authors: Isaeva O. V. , Kyuregyan K. K. , Mikhailov M. I.
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis D (delta, δ) virus (HDV) was discovered more than 40 years ago, but the understanding of its origin and evolution is poor. This is mainly due to the lack, until recently, of data on the existence of any viruses similar to HDV. The discovery in recent years of sequences of new delta-like agents in a wide range of vertebrate (Vertebrata) and invertebrate (Invertebrata) species has facilitated a revision of views on the origin of HDV and contributed to understanding the place of this unique virus among other animals’ viral agents. The purpose of this review is to analyze the latest published data on new delta-like agents and their biological characteristics.
Directions of improving industrial policy in Russia
Authors:   Kalmykov Yu.P. Abdikeev N.M. Bogachev Yu.S. Trifonov P.V.
Published: November 2021

The correspondence of the current concept of industrial policy of Russia and the tools for its implementation to the solution of the strategic task — the full provision of the needs of the state and the population with industrial goods in the context of the recession of the world economy is considered. It is shown, that government support for the manufacturing industry is not aimed at creating conditions for the accelerated development of the high-tech sector, and the inconsistency of its production structure with the structure of the domestic market for industrial goods in Russia limits the economic effectiveness of domestic production. Prospective directions of government support for the development of the manufacturing industry are substantiated.
Keywords: global economy, production chain, management company, government support, intersectoral cooperation, domestic market, manufactured goods, development program, tools, high-tech segment.

jkalmykov@rambler.ru
SURVEY PAPER ON THE VARIOUS SECURITY ALGORITHMS USED FOR E-COMMERCE SECURITY
Authors: Polsani Jahnavi  , Balla Manoj Kumar
Published: November 2021

Due to the growth of e-commerce, most of the banking transactions are made on the online platform and all these transactions are made on the websites provided by the merchant or the payable apps and because of this the vulnerability of attacks has increased and there are also chances of using fraudulent websites and apps by the attackers though there are many high-security algorithms are been used for safeguarding against vulnerabilities. The way of judging the relation of trust on the online platform has become a major issue, so a proper trust model also needs to be maintained. In this paper, we reviewed various security algorithms which involve cryptographic algorithms, machine learning, anonymization, and masking techniques, blockchain, distributed networks, and many more to provide integrity, privacy, reliability, authentication, security, and risk-less e-commerce platform.