bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Emerging Green Market on Green Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in Knowledge-Based Companies
Authors: Lotfi Maryam , Yousefi Akram , Jafari Soheil
Published: July 2018

Environmental concerns, as well as consumers’ awareness of buying green or environmentally-friendly products, has a positive impact on the emergence of the green market. The emerging green market brings many opportunities in different fields. Today, the issue of green entrepreneurship and sustainable development aim at producing environmentally-friendly products. This is indeed welcomed in the emerging green market. The publicly available research studies that investigate how green entrepreneurship, sustainable development, and emerging green markets are interconnected with each other are limited. More specifically, the impact of the green market on green entrepreneurship and sustainable development has not yet been studied completely. Therefore, a comprehensive research model has been developed in this paper based on the literature. The developed model is then tested using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19. IBM Corp.: Armonk, NY, USA and Smart-PLS Version 2 based on the data collected via a survey from a sample of knowledge-based companies in the Science & Technology Park of Tehran University. The results of the research indicate a positive and significant effect of the emergence of the green market on green entrepreneurship and sustainable development in knowledge-based companies. Moreover, the impact of the green entrepreneurship structure on sustainable development has been studied and the result presents that green entrepreneurship has a positive and significant effect on sustainable development.
President Trump Tweets Supreme Leader Kim Jong-Un on Nuclear Weapons: A Comparison with Climate Change †
Authors: Allen David E. , McAleer Michael
Published: July 2018

A set of 125 tweets about North Korea’s Supreme Leader Kim Jong-Un by President Trump from 2013 to 2018 are analysed by means of the data mining technique, sentiment analysis. The intention is to explore the contents and sentiments of the messages contained, the degree to which they differ, and their implications about President Trump’s understanding and approach to international diplomacy. The results suggest a predominantly positive emotion in relation to tweets about North Korea, despite the use of questionable nicknames such as “Little Rocket Man”. A comparison is made between the tweets on North Korea and climate change, madefrom 2011–2015, as Trump has tweeted many times on both issues. It is interesting to find that Trump’s tweets on North Korea have significantly higher positive polarity scores than his tweets on climate change.
Incorporation of Circular Aspects into Product Design and Labelling: Consumer Preferences
Authors: Bovea María D. , Ibáñez-Forés Valeria , Pérez-Belis Victoria , Juan Pablo , Braulio-Gonzalo Marta , Díaz-Ávalos Carlos
Published: July 2018

The transition to a circular economy requires a fundamental change in products and the way they meet consumer demands. In this context, the aim of this article is to analyse the level of importance that consumers attach to the fact that circular aspects were incorporated into a product design and to the need to communicate them on the product labelling. The aspects analysed in this study are related to durability, repairability, recycled material content, low environmental impact, fair working conditions and origin. To this end, a survey was designed and conducted with a representative sample. It was found that Spanish consumers are concerned mainly about fair working conditions during the product manufacturing and the durability of the products. A high degree of congruence was found between the level of importance attached to incorporating each aspect into the product design and including this information in the product labelling. In addition, multinomial regression models are applied to identify the consumer profiles (gender, age, household size, level of education, household income) that are more or less prone to prefer products that incorporate these aspects into their design and labelling. Household size and gender are the socio-economic variables that most affect consumer preferences.
Coeducational Methodology Used by Physical Education Teachers and Students’ Perception of It
Authors: Valdivia-Moral Pedro , Molero David , Díaz-Suarez Arturo , Cofre Cristian , Zagalaz-Sánchez Maria Luisa
Published: July 2018

Background: In physical education (PE), the methodology used to develop coeducation must consider the tastes and preferences of students. The purpose of this work was to analyze how teachers work with different aspects of PE classes and how their work is perceived by students. Methods: The sample was formed of 176 teachers and 1136 secondary school students. The research design was descriptive. The instruments used were the Questionnaire of Coeducational Aspects in Physical Education for teachers and the Questionnaire of Perception of Equality and Discrimination in Physical Education for Students. Results: The different statistical analyses showed significant differences in how male and female teachers assigned responsibility to the students. With regard to the students, significant differences were found between boys and girls in their opinions of how their teachers apply the same rules to all the students. Conclusions: Differences exist between male and female teachers in regard to control of the area used for motor activity. With regard to the students, girls perceive to a greater extent than their male counterparts that the activities in PE classes promote equality in the improvement of their capacities.
Technological Response Options after the VW Diesel Scandal: Implications for Engine CO2 Emissions
Authors: Andersen Otto , Upham Paul , Aall Carlo
Published: July 2018

In the VW diesel scandal, automakers were found to be cheating with emission data, by e.g., tampering with on-board detection systems. We have calculated changes in the energy use and emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents that would arise through several options open to automakers, to ensure that the emission of nitrogen oxides is kept within the standards. Several studies show how manufacturers have also significantly underreported vehicles’ actual fuel consumption. We explain our derivation of new factors for energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from diesel- and gasoline-powered passenger cars, as well as their electric hybrid varieties. The results of the analysis show that energy consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents will increase in the range of 18–21% for passenger cars with diesel and hybrid diesel engines, while for cars with gasoline and hybrid gasoline, the addition is 9–10%. The analysis highlights an environmental dilemma of current car technology, but also the path-dependent ways of thinking that have been prevalent within the automotive sector. From a sociotechnical sustainability transitions perspective, Dieselgate can be viewed as a case of “regime resistance”, whereby incumbent actors seek to maintain the status quo.
Floating Away: The Impact of Hydroelectric Power Stations on Tourists’ Experience in Iceland
Authors: Sæþórsdóttir Anna Dóra , Hall C. Michael
Published: July 2018

It is of vital importance that nature-based tourist destinations maintain their natural resources in a sustainable way. Nature and wilderness are the main attractions for tourism in Iceland. The Central Highlands are uninhabited with little visible evidence of human influence except for some huts, gravel roads, and a small number of hydroelectric power plants. However, there are plans for further hydroelectric power development in the area. The Blanda Power Station was constructed in 1991 at the edge of the North Central Highlands. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among tourists in the area in the summer of 2016 with a total of 1078 answered questionnaires. The objective was to estimate the impact of the power station on the experience of tourists and to assess whether their attitude differs from that of tourists in locations where power plant construction has been proposed. The results show that the power plant infrastructure at Blanda, with the exception of transmission lines, does not seem to disturb the experience of the majority of tourists. Tourists at Blanda are also more positive towards power plants than at locations where there are no power plants but where they have been proposed.
What Does Transformation Look Like? Post-Disaster Politics and the Case for Progressive Rehabilitation
Authors: Blackburn Sophie
Published: July 2018

This paper responds to the ‘deliberate transformation’ discourse within climate change and disaster scholarship. It calls for a cautious approach to deliberate transformation as a practice space for non-governmental organisations (NGO), arguing that greater clarity is still needed on precisely what form these transformations may take, how and where they might be stimulated, and—most importantly—who decides. Drawing on a case study of post-disaster NGO interventions in the Andaman Islands following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the paper analyses the role of community-based, rights-oriented education and advocacy programmes in opening space for communities to critically reflect on state responsibilities, capacities, and weaknesses. It argues that these shifts were potentially transformative for the ways local people interact with the state in Little Andaman; however, it also surfaces pragmatic and ethical challenges to the notion of ‘deliberate transformation’ in practice. The data reveal transformations to be complex, spontaneous, and fundamentally political, with simultaneously divergent pathways of change and re-entrenchment; this presents a deep challenge to external agencies seeking to instigate transformation in planned, linear ways over known timescales. A further challenge relates to deliberate transformation as a normative endeavour. The paper argues that any attempt to actively instigate deliberate transformations according to pre-determined visions held by external actors is a direct contradiction to the principle that progressive transformation—as defined in the literature—should be shaped deliberatively by the values and priorities of citizens themselves. To avoid diluting the radical power of transformation as a principle, the paper proposes progressive rehabilitation as an alternative approach in post-disaster contexts, requiring a transformation of the NGO itself from ‘doing to’ to ‘doing with’ citizens, with an emphasis on supporting locally-defined futures. The paper thickens the conceptualisation and evidence base for transformation pathways, with implications for research and practice.
Integrated Approaches for Business Sustainability: The Perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Lee Yu-Muo , Hu Jin-Li
Published: July 2018

Although many companies are aware of the importance of sustainability and CSR, they still focus on profits without considering sustainable development. This study explores the relationships among corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate reputation (CR) and corporate financial performance (CFP), by testing the mediating effect of CFP and constructing an integrated sustainability model based on the CSR perspective and stakeholder theory. Although many recent studies have investigated CSR using structural equation modeling to test the relationships among the three variables, measuring this mediation effect is quite rare in the literature. We use Reputation Institute as a secondary data source of CSR and CR and collect data for the period 2011–2017 on 39 companies in 15 countries (i.e., 273 observations). Firm size, sales growth rate, interest coverage ratio, age and industry are the control variables. Our results show that CR positively affects CFP and CSR. Furthermore, we find integrated approaches for business sustainability, revealing that CFP enhances CSR and also that it has a mediating effect on the relationship between CR and CSR.
Improving the Sustainable Competitiveness of Service Quality within Air Cargo Terminals
Authors: Hu Yi-Chung , Lee Ping-Chuan , Chuang Yuh-Shy , Chiu Yu-Jing
Published: July 2018

In Taiwan, the air cargo terminal business is a government franchise. Due to changing order and delivery modes, the volume of cargo exports has gradually decreased in recent years, generating increasing competitiveness within the air cargo terminal industry. Previous studies of air cargo terminals have largely focused on manpower supply planning and business performance. When a company pursues sustainable development and growth, it can improve the quality of the service provided, promote better customer satisfaction and enhance its competitiveness and customer loyalty in order to enjoy sustained development and higher profits. Having carried out a literature review, exploration and interviews with experts, this study develops a preliminary structure that is based on theory and practice and develops a framework for air cargo terminal service quality using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method combined with the analytic network process (ANP). Eight key criteria are examined, namely, ‘New facilities or high-tech equipment,’ ‘Professional spirit,’ ‘Security and safety,’ ‘Sense of trust,’ ‘Ability to handle unusual cargo,’ ‘Professional,’ ‘Standard operation processes,’ and ‘Customer equity.’ The causality among each of these principles is also evaluated using the D-ANP questionnaire that was completed by 25 business forwarders. With respect to the quality of service demanded by forwarders, different strategies were drafted separately and provide a frame of reference for air cargo terminal operators.
A Survey of Methods for Symmetry Detection on 3D High Point Density Models in Biomedicine
Authors: Bartalucci Chiara , Furferi Rocco , Governi Lapo , Volpe Yary
Published: July 2018

Versatile, cheap and non-invasive 3D acquisition techniques have received attention and interest in the field of biomedicine in recent years as the accuracy of developed devices permits the acquisition of human body shapes in detail. Interest in these technologies derives from the fact that they have the potential to overcome some limitations of invasive techniques (CT, X-rays, etc.) and those based on 2D photographs for the acquisition of 3D geometry. However, the data acquired from the 3D scanner cannot be directly used but need to be processed as they consist of 3D coordinates of the acquired points. Therefore, many researchers have proposed different algorithms which recognise the shape of human body and/or its features when starting from a 3D point cloud. Among all possible human body features to be evaluated, symmetry results the most relevant one. Accordingly, this survey systematically investigates the methods proposed in the literature to recognise 2D symmetry by the symmetry line and bilateral symmetry by the symmetry plane. The paper also analyses qualitative comparisons among the proposed methods to provide a guide for both practitioners and researchers.
Engineering Botulinum Toxins to Improve and Expand Targeting and SNARE Cleavage Activity
Authors: Fonfria Elena , Elliott Mark , Beard Matthew , Chaddock John A. , Krupp Johannes
Published: July 2018

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are highly successful protein therapeutics. Over 40 naturally occurring BoNTs have been described thus far and, of those, only 2 are commercially available for clinical use. Different members of the BoNT family present different biological properties but share a similar multi-domain structure at the molecular level. In nature, BoNTs are encoded by DNA in producing clostridial bacteria and, as such, are amenable to recombinant production through insertion of the coding DNA into other bacterial species. This, in turn, creates possibilities for protein engineering. Here, we review the production of BoNTs by the natural host and also recombinant production approaches utilised in the field. Applications of recombinant BoNT-production include the generation of BoNT-derived domain fragments, the creation of novel BoNTs with improved performance and enhanced therapeutic potential, as well as the advancement of BoNT vaccines. In this article, we discuss site directed mutagenesis, used to affect the biological properties of BoNTs, including approaches to alter their binding to neurons and to alter the specificity and kinetics of substrate cleavage. We also discuss the target secretion inhibitor (TSI) platform, in which the neuronal binding domain of BoNTs is substituted with an alternative cellular ligand to re-target the toxins to non-neuronal systems. Understanding and harnessing the potential of the biological diversity of natural BoNTs, together with the ability to engineer novel mutations and further changes to the protein structure, will provide the basis for increasing the scope of future BoNT-based therapeutics.
Sensitivity of Soil Moisture Analyses to Contrasting Background and Observation Error Scenarios
Authors: Muñoz-Sabater Joaquín , De Rosnay Patricia , Albergel Clément , Isaksen Lars
Published: July 2018

Soil moisture is a crucial variable for numerical weather prediction. Accurate, global initialization of soil moisture is obtained through data assimilation systems. However, analyses depend largely on the way observation and background errors are defined. In this study, a wide range of short experiments with contrasted specifications of the observation error and soil moisture background were conducted. As observations, screen-level variables and brightness temperatures from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission were used. The region of interest is North America, given the good availability of in situ observations and mixture of different climates, making it a good test for global applications. The impact of these experiments on soil moisture and the atmospheric layer near the surface were evaluated. The results highlighted the importance of assimilating observations sensitive to soil moisture for air temperature and humidity forecasts. The benefits on predicting the soil water content were more noticeable with increasing the SMOS observation error, and with the introduction of soil texture dependency in the soil moisture background error.
Coastal Erosion Management at Callao (Peru) in the 17th and 18th Centuries: The First Groin Field in South America?
Authors: Mestanza Carlos , Piccardi Marco , Pranzini Enzo
Published: July 2018

Analysis of written documents, projects and historical cartography of the 17th and 18th centuries allows reconstruction of the shore protection works performed at Callao (Peru) to defend the settlements and its boundary wall from storm waves and tsunamis. Groins appeared for the first time in early 18th century maps, together with gently sloping revetments in an unrealized project of the same period. Comparisons between Callao projects and those performed in Europe in the same centuries show a uniformity in design and construction materials that overpasses the environmental differences of the sites. Successes and failures followed each other and, although an understanding of coastal dynamics and the positive and negative effects of the various works were known, it was not possible to guarantee the stability of the walls and consequently the safety of the city from sea attack. A strategic retreat was even considered.
Evaluating the Impacts of IWRM Policy Actions on Demand Satisfaction and Downstream Water Availability in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Mersha Adey Nigatu , Masih Ilyas , De Fraiture Charlotte , Wenninger Jochen , Alamirew Tena
Published: July 2018

Water scarcity problems are becoming increasingly common due to higher water demand, urbanization, economic development and climatic variability. Policies and measures based on Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) are often advocated to tackle the problems of competing demands and conflicts among stakeholders. Demand management measures as part of the IWRM package are expected to offset the increased demands on water resources caused by economic growth. However, even if IWRM-based policies are in place, the potential impacts of demand management are seldom quantified while formulating water policies or development plans. To address this, we conducted scenario analysis using Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP21) in a case study from the Awash Basin in Ethiopia. We show that ambitious irrigation expansion plans to combat food insecurity will lead to overexploitation of water resources with increasing inequity between smallholders and commercial farmers. Demand management measures proposed by water users are insufficient to offset these consequences. Potential demand measures that are embedded in the IWRM-based policies alone are also insufficient. While water policies emphasize IWRM principles but do not indicate how to properly implement them, economic development plans are often launched without adequately considering equity and environment, two of the three pillars of IWRM. This scenario analysis shows the importance of quantitative information in IWRM formulation and monitoring.
Impacts of Climate Change on Flood-Prone Areas in Davao Oriental, Philippines
Authors: Cabrera Jonathan Salar , Lee Han Soo
Published: July 2018

This study aims to quantitatively assess the impacts of climate change on the flood-prone risk areas in Davao Oriental, Philippines for the years 2030, 2050, and 2100 in comparison with the present situation by identifying flood risk zones based on multisource data, including rainfall, slope, elevation, drainage density, soil type, distance to the main channel, and population density. The future temperatures and rainfall projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) predictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used. The future temperatures from the CMIP5 predictions showed that Davao Oriental should experience approximately 1 °C and 3 °C increases under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, while the rainfall should slightly increase in the coming years. Among the 39 general circulation models (GCMs) available from CMIP5, the GFDL-ESM2M model showed good agreement with the observed rainfall dataset at the local stations. The intensity of rainfall should increase approximately 69% in the future, resulting in an increase in the magnitude of the floods. The resulting flood risk map shows that 95.91% of Davao Oriental is presently under the low and moderate flood risk categories, and those categories should slightly decrease to 95.75% in the future. The high and very high flood risk areas cover approximately 3% of the province at present and show no dramatic change in the future. Presently, 28 out of the 183 barangays (towns) are at high and very high risks of floods, whereas in the coming years, only one barangay will be added to the very high risk of floods. These barangays under the high and very high categories of flood risk are primarily situated on riversides and coastal areas. Thus, immediate actions from decision-makers are needed to develop a community-based disaster risk plan under the future conditions.
Approach for Evaluating LID Measure Layout Scenarios Based on Random Forest: Case of Guangzhou—China
Authors: Liao Xianghua , Zheng Jiaxuan , Huang Chengli , Huang Guoru
Published: July 2018

Currently, with the rapid development of many cities, water problems, such as water logging and water quality deterioration, occur inevitably. Thus, sponge city construction and low impact development (LID) utilization have become more important worldwide. However, previous works have failed to address the problem of selecting an optimal LID measure layout scenario by simultaneously considering various evaluation indices without subjective factors. In this study, we applied a new and outstanding statistical classifier, random forest, to aid in addressing this conundrum. It was tested on a case study in LiWan district, Guangzhou city. The following conclusions were drawn. (1) To some extent, LID measures are capable of reducing water discharge and generation of pollutants. (2) Excluding subjective factors, random forest can select an optimal LID measure layout scenario when simultaneously considering multiple indices. This study proposed a novel and effective means to evaluate the hydrologic effects of LID measures when constructing sponge cities and provided a guide for optimizing LID layouts.
SUPPLY CHAIN MODELED AS A METABOLIC PATHWAY
Authors: Mustafin Almaz , Kantarbayeva Aliya
Published: July 2018

A new model of economic production process is proposed (in the form of a set of ODEs) based on an idea that nonconsumable factors of production facilitate the conversion of inputs to output in much the same catalytic way as do enzymes in living cells when transforming substrates into different chemical compounds. The output of a converging, multi-resource, single-product supply chain network is shown to depend on the minimum of its inputs in the form of the Leontief--Liebig production function, providing the validity of the clearing function approximation. In turn use of the clearing function is legitimate when the machine processing time is much shorter than the machine loading time.
A STUDY OF THE VALUE OF ICT IN IMPROVING CORPORATE PERFORMANCE: A CORPORATE COMPETITIVENESS VIEW
Authors: Barba-Sánchez Virginia , Calderón-Milán María José , Atienza-Sahuquillo Carlos
Published: July 2018

In a context of economic crisis and strong competition between companies, managing information and knowledge seem to be key to the new productive model. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact that the intensity of a firm’s adoption of information and communications technologies (ICT) and industry attractiveness has on corporate performance. A sample of 871 SMEs took part in the study and data were analysed using ordered logistic regression and principal axis factoring analysis. The results emphasise the existence of a significant positive relationship between ICT intensity of use and corporate performance and highlight the importance of ICT in very competitive environments. Our survey suggests that full integration of ICTs in the company is advisable. The drawback, however, is that the rapidly changing nature of ICTs makes the adoption of emerging ICTs difficult.
An easy-to-use baseline scoring system to predict response to peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis B in resource-limited settings
Authors: Lampertico Pietro , Messinger Diethelm , Oladipupo Hameed , Bakalos Georgios , Castillo Marco , Asselah Tarik
Published: July 2018

Background

Approximately one-third of patients have durable responses after finite (48-week) treatment with peginterferon alfa-2a. The ability to identify patients likely to respond would be particularly useful in resource-limited settings.

Methods

Data from 1,363 peginterferon alfa-2a recipients (955 hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen [HBeAg]-positive and 408 -negative) in six studies were analysed. Baseline scoring systems were developed using generalized additive models and multiple logistic regression analysis to predict virological response (VR; HBV DNA <2,000 IU/ml), alone or combined with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization (CR) at 24 weeks post-treatment.

Results

Based on the final models, points were assigned for age ≥45 (0) or <45 years (1); male (0) or female (1); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) >25,000 (0), >7,500-≤25,000 (1), >1,250-≤7,500 (2) or ≤1,250 IU/ml (4); HBV DNA >5 (0) or ≤5 log10 IU/ml (2) and ALT ratio >1-7 (0) or either ≤1 or >7 (1). Higher total scores (range 0-9) indicate higher likelihood of response. VR and CR rates were 28.5% (388/1,363) and 24.4% (332/1,363), respectively, and increased with increasing score: score 0-1 ( n=257), VR 14.8%, CR 12.8%; score 2-3 ( n=711), VR 23.1%, CR 20.1%; score ≥4 ( n=395), VR 47.1%, CR 39.5%.

Conclusions

An easy-to-use baseline scoring system for use in settings where HBeAg status and HBV genotypes are unavailable would allow clinicians to identify patients with a low or high chance of achieving a durable post-treatment response to peginterferon alfa-2a. The tool can be used to inform treatment decisions in resource-limited settings.
Is cytomegalovirus a risk factor for haemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients?
Authors: Atilla Erden , Yalciner Merih , Atilla Pinar Ataca , Ates Can , Bozdag Sinem Civriz , Yuksel Meltem Kurt , Toprak Selami Kocak , Gunduz Mehmet , Ozen Mehmet , Akan Hamdi , Demirer Taner , Arslan Onder , Ilhan Osman , Beksac Meral , Ozcan Muhit , Gurman Gunhan , Topcuoglu Pervin
Published: July 2018

Background

Haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is usually a serious complication in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. In this study, our aim was to define risk factors and outcomes for patients with HC in an allo-HSCT setting.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 249 allo-HSCTs performed between 2011 and 2016 in our centre.

Results

HC was diagnosed in 98 patients (39%) at a median of 119 days (range 5–580) and 91 (93%) of the patients had late onset disease. In univariate analysis, HC was related to cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation ( P<0.001) and BK viraemia ( P<0.001); in multivariate analysis, the presence of CMV reactivation was determined to be an independent risk factor (odds ratio: 22.1; 95% CI 1.73, 282.44; P=0.017). There was no association detected between acute graft versus host disease and patients diagnosed with HC within 100 days of transplant. HC was significantly increased by the presence of myelo-ablative conditioning (odds ratio: 31.28; 95% CI 3.98, 246.87; P=0.001) and BK viraemia (odds ratio: 3.93; 95% Cl 1.10, 14.05; P=0.035) in patients with HC grade II and beyond. Forced hydration was recommended in all patients with grade I HC. Patients with HC and clots were treated with continuous bladder irrigation, and 14 of 44 patients with BK viraemia received cidofovir ± ribavirin. Eight of these patients (57%) responded to treatment. Refractory HC was detected in 17 patients (17%) and resolved by a variety of procedures.

Conclusions

This study suggests that CMV reactivation is associated with increased risk of HC in multivariate analysis, however, this result is not confirmed in patients with HC grade II and beyond.
Mapping Marine Biodiversity: Using Open Source GIS Tools to Visualise and Extract Collection Data
Authors: Wood Brent , Mills Sadie , Robbins Jane
Published: July 2018

The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) in Wellington manages one of New Zealand’s Nationally Significant Taxonomic Collections and Databases. The NIWA Invertebrate Collection (NIC) maintains data for over 125,000 (and growing) marine invertebrate specimens from over 46,000 localities in New Zealand, the Ross Sea portion of the Antarctic and the wider South West Pacific. This data is managed using a Specify Software database. NIC managers are often requested to provide large data extracts from specific regions of the New Zealand zone for a variety of uses, from biodiversity checklists of benthic protected areas, to the environmental impact assessment of commercial activities on areas of seabed.

Using a built-in query to extract relevant records based on geographic coordinates is straightforward for data constrained in a single square box, but requests for data are usually from within multiple polygons and require significant data grooming and refining once extracted to become useful. Using the open source GIS program Quantum-GIS (QGIS), we present a flexible and generic approach to map based access to collection databases. A direct OpenGIS Simple Features Reference Implementation Virtual Data Source (OGRVRT) link from the Specify database into QGIS was established so that a user can visualise the entire current collection holdings on a map. As changes are made to object data or new records are added these will update instantly on the map, which assists with immediate validation of data and prevents the need to re-export data. Collection object data fields can be added as required and labelled differentially to visualise patterns, and the data can either be exported to a file from selected areas using map tools, or can be used to produce publication quality maps. This is an ideal collection management tool for mapping and visualisation, which will improve the accuracy, access and use of the data.
Collections Management from the Public Floor; Exhibit Registrars and Preparators Fight against Light, Dust and the Public
Authors: Palaima Lindsay
Published: July 2018

In thinking about collections management and assessing collection risk, it is easy to think of the collections division and the research staff. However, when an institution places a research specimen or object on public display, the exhibits staff become the frontline collections-care personnel. At the California Academy of Sciences, after a specimen leaves the collection storage in the research division, it is the Exhibit Registrars and the Preparators that take on the due diligence of safeguarding and protecting the specimen.

The objective of this talk is to highlight the challenges and successes of protecting research collections on the public floor, from the perspective of a non-traditional collections department. While the agents of deterioration, such as light, water, and pests, are the same no matter where a specimen is, it is now the public-facing staff checking in on the objects. This talk will share the tools the California Academy of Sciences Exhibits Department deploys in monitoring case and gallery environmental conditions, the challenges of the building facilities and staffing in providing consistent protection of collections on display, and the critical inter-departmental relationships necessary to successfully safeguard specimens on public view, and building-wide.
Unexpected Faults: Managing Entomology Collections through the 2010/11 Canterbury Earthquakes
Authors: Marris John , Vink Cor
Published: July 2018

On 4 September 2010, a 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near Darfield, 40 kilometres west of Christchurch, New Zealand. The quake caused significant damage to land and buildings nearby, with damage extending to Christchurch city. On 22 February 2011, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, causing extensive and significant damage across the city and with the loss of 185 lives. Years on from these events, occasional large aftershocks continue to shake the region.

Two main entomological collections were situated within close proximity to the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The Lincoln University Entomology Research Collection, which is housed on the 5th floor of a 7 storey building, was 27.5 km from the 2010 Darfield earthquake epicentre. The Canterbury Museum Entomology Collection, which is housed in the basement of a multi-storeyed heritage building, was 10 km from the 2011 Christchurch earthquake epicentre. We discuss the impacts of the earthquakes on these collections, the causes of the damage to the specimens and facilities, and subsequent efforts that were made to prevent further damage in the event of future seismic events. We also discuss the wider need for preparedness against the risks posed by natural disasters and other catastrophic events.
Sinodraconarius gen. n., a new genus of Coelotinae spiders from Southwest China (Araneae, Agelenidae)
Authors: Li Bing , Zhao Zhe , Zhang Chuntian , Li Shuqiang
Published: July 2018

A new genus of the subfamily Coelotinae F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893, Sinodraconarius gen. n., with four new species, S.cawarongensis sp. n. (♂♀), S.muruoensis sp. n. (♂♀), S.sangjiuensis sp. n. (♂♀, type species), S.yui sp. n. (♂♀) and S.patellabifidus (Wang, 2003) comb. n., ex. Draconarius Ovtchinnikov, 1999 is described. The genus is restricted to Southwest China. Sinodraconarius gen. n. is most similar to Draconarius but can be distinguished by the shape of the copulatory organs. The DNA barcodes of all species were documented for future use.
Carnivore distribution across habitats in a central-European landscape: a camera trap study
Authors: Pyšková Klára , Kauzál Ondřej , Storch David , Horáček Ivan , Pergl Jan , Pyšek Petr
Published: July 2018

Quantitative data on local variation in patterns of occurrence of common carnivore species, such as the red fox, European badger, or martens in central Europe are largely missing. We conducted a study focusing on carnivore ecology and distribution in a cultural landscape with the use of modern technology. We placed 73 automated infra-red camera traps into four different habitats differing in water availability and canopy cover (mixed forest, wetland, shrubby grassland and floodplain forest) in the Polabí region near Prague, Czech Republic. Each habitat was represented by three or four spatially isolated sites within which the camera traps were distributed. During the year of the study, we recorded nine carnivore species, including the non-native golden jackal. Habitats with the highest numbers of records pooled across all species were wetland (1279) and shrubby grassland (1014); fewer records were made in mixed (876) and floodplain forest (734). Habitat had a significant effect on the number of records of badger and marten, and a marginally significant effect on fox. In terms of seasonal dynamics, there were significant differences in the distribution of records among seasons in fox, marginally significant in least weasel, and the occurrence among seasons did not differ for badger and marten. In the summer, fox and marten were more active than expected by chance during the day, while the pattern was opposite in winter when they were more active during the night. Our findings on habitat preferences and circadian and seasonal activity provided the first quantitative data on patterns whose existence was assumed on the basis of conventional wisdom. Our study demonstrates the potential of a long-term monitoring approach based on infra-red camera traps. Generally, the rather frequent occurrence of recorded species indicates that most carnivore species are thriving in current central-European landscapes characterized by human-driven disturbances and urbanization.
A new species of Kurixalus from western Yunnan, China (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Authors: Yu Guohua , Hui Hong , Rao Dingqi , Yang Junxing
Published: July 2018

A new species of the genus Kurixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) is described from western Yunnan, China. Genetically the new species, Kurixalusyangi sp. n., is closer to Kurixalusnaso than to other known congeners. Morphologically the new species is distinguished from all other known congeners by a combination of the following characters: smaller ratios of head, snout, limbs, IND, and UEW to body size; male body size larger than 30 mm; curved canthus rostralis; weak nuptial pad; brown dorsal color; absence of large dark spots on surface of upper-middle abdomen; presence of vomerine teeth; gold brown iris; single internal vocal sac; serrated dermal fringes along outer edge of limbs; granular throat and chest; rudimentary web between fingers; and presence of supernumerary tubercles and outer metacarpal tubercle.
A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy
Authors: Neubauer Thomas A. , van de Velde Sabrina , Yanina Tamara , Wesselingh Frank P.
Published: July 2018

The present paper details a very diverse non-marine gastropod fauna retrieved from Caspian Pleistocene deposits along the Volga River north of Astrakhan (Russia). During time of deposition (early Late Pleistocene, late Khazarian regional substage), the area was situated in shallow water of the greatly expanded Caspian Sea. The fauna contains 24 species, of which 16 are endemic to the Pontocaspian region and 15 to the Caspian Sea. The majority of the species (13) belongs to the Pyrgulinae (Hydrobiidae), a group famous for its huge morphological variability in the Pontocaspian region. The phenotypic diversity has led to an inflation of genus and species names in the literature. New concepts are proposed for many of the genera and species found in the present material, with implications for the systematics and taxonomy of the entire Pontocaspian gastropod fauna.Laevicaspiavinarskiisp. n.is described as a new species. This contribution is considered a first step in revising the Pontocaspian gastropod fauna.
La pequeña edad del hielo en la region central de la República Argentina
Authors: Cioccale Marcela
Published: July 2018

La región está ubicada al Este de la Cordillera de los Andes y al Oeste del Río Paraná, entre los paralelos 28° S y 36° S. Durante «La Pequeña Edad del Hielo» se identificaron dos pulsaciones frías separadas por un período intermedio. La primera se extendió desde comienzos del siglo XV hasta finales del siglo xvi y la segunda abarcó la etapa comprendida entre principios del siglo xviii y primeras décadas del siglo xix.Finalmente, comenzó una progresiva suavización de las condiciones climáticas a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Se determinó que en el sector occidental (dominio andino) reinaban condiciones de clima frío y húmedo, con avance de los glaciares en cordillera y expansión de los sistemas fluviales-lagunares. El sector oriental (dominio pampeano) presentaba un clima árido-semiárido, caracterizado por la retracción generalizada de los sistemas fluviales-lagunares, alta movilidad en la posición de los cursos de los ríos, generación de nuevos sistemas de abanicos aluviales e intensificación de procesos eólicos.
Molinos de viento y de agua en las vistas de Wyngaerde (1562-70)
Authors: López Gómez Antonio
Published: July 2018

No disponible.
El medio físico y los recursos naturales en el diseño de programas leader de la UE
Authors: Alier Gándaras José Luis , Cazorla Montero Adolfo , De los Ríos Carmenado Ignacio
Published: July 2018

El Programa LEADER II es una Iniciativa Comunitaria creada para apoyar acciones innovadoras en el medio rural destinadas al desarrollo local. Durante el desarrollo del Programa LEADER I, antecesor del nuevo LEADER II, en los años 1991-94 se detectaron importantes problemas para incorporar los condicionantes medioambientales a la evaluación de proyectos subvencionables. El presente artículo muestra la metodología desarrollada en el Programa de Innovación Rural del LEADER II de la Sierra Oeste de Madrid para incorporar los factores medioambientales a la selección y evaluación de proyectos. Estos factores constituyen uno de los siete criterios —junto con el marco legal, el diagnóstico socioeconómico, el diagnóstico de los sectores productivos, la participación social, la existencia de programas de calidad e I + D y los criterios propios del Grupo de Acción Local del LEADER— desarrollados en el trabajo. El criterio del medio físico evalúa la relación entre proyecto y medio ambiente, tanto las necesidades de recursos que el proyecto presenta como los efectos de su desarrollo. De acuerdo con este criterio cada uno de los proyectos puede ser calificado con 3 puntos (especial interés), 2 puntos (aceptable), 1 punto (indiferente), O puntos (rechazable) ó -1 puntos (readaptable).
Crecimiento y política territorial en las islas baleares (1955-2000)
Authors: Rullan Onofre
Published: July 2018

Crecimiento y política territorial en las Islas Baleares (1955-2000). Las Islas Baleares han experimentado, en la segunda mitad del siglo xx, una profunda transformación económica y territorial de la mano del turismo. Tres fases son claramente diferenciables en el proceso, la frontera entre la primera y la segunda se establece a partir de la crisis de 1973, mientras que la segunda y la tercera se desligan, en la primera mitad de los 90, a partir de la efectiva integración en la economía europea.Las tres pulsaciones de crecimiento son abordadas por políticas territoriales estatales o autonómicas (a partir de 1983) que llegan periódicamente tarde para encauzar los expansivos crecimientos de cada período. El último producto de las políticas territoriales baleares lo constituye la Ley General Turística y las Directrices de Ordenación Territorial de 1999 que, sin parar el crecimiento, lo ordenan en el espacio y en el tiempo. Tales disposiciones parecen marcar el final de una primera etapa que, desarrollada en tres fases, se inició a mediados de los años 50. El presente artículo analiza el proceso seguido al tiempo que intenta plantear el posible escenario que las tendencias parecen marcar.

[fr] Croissance et politique territoriale aux Iles Baléares (1955-2000). Les Iles Baléares ont connu, dans la seconde moitié du XX^ siècle, une transformation économique et territoriale profonde due au tourisme. Dans ce processus, on peut distinguer clairement trois phasses, la crise de 1973 marquant la frontière entre la première et la deuxième, et l'intégration effective au sein de l'économie européenne provoquant la scission entre la deuxième et la troisième. Ces trois poussées de coissance sont abordés par des politiques territoriales d'Etat ou des politiques autonomiques (à partir de 1983) qui arrivent régulièrement tard pour canaliser ce phénomène de croissance expansive de chacune de ces périodes. Le dernier produit des politiques territoriales aux Baléares est la Ley General Turística et les Directrices de Ordenación Territorial de 1999 (Loi générale sur le Tourisme et Directives relatives á l'Aménagement du territoire), lesquelles visent á un aménagement dans l'espace et dans le temps sans toutefois mettre un terme á la croissance. Ces dispositions semblent marquer la fin d'une première étape, qui s'est développée en trois phases et dont l'origine remonte au milieu des années 50. Le présent article analyse le dit processus au temps qu'il essaie d'envisager le cadre que les tendances semblent déterminer.
Metodología de tipos ideales con datos categóricos. El análisis del mercado laboral juvenil
Authors: Santos Preciado José Miguel
Published: July 2018

El análisis de datos cualitativos, comparando la distribución de la información de una tabla de contingencia múltiple, respecto a la hipótesis de independencia de las variables, permite la construcción de «tipos ideales», como método de interés para analizar una problemática socio-territorial concreta. La definición y posterior aplicación de esta alternativa metodológica al estudio de la incorporación de los jóvenes al mundo del trabajo revela la existencia de segmentos homogéneos en este específico mercado laboral.