bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Cavity Backwater of Chute Aerators under Various Atmospheric Pressures
Authors: Wang Yameng , Deng Jun , Wei Wangru
Published: May 2022

A chute aerator is a device that entrains air into water and protects against cavitation erosion. The state of the jet cavity determines the aerator efficiency under different flow conditions. In the case of a low Froude number and low velocity, backwater is generated in the jet cavity. In severe cases, this backwater blocks the air intake holes and affects air intake efficiency. With the development and construction of water conservancy projects, an increasing number of dams have been constructed at altitudes above 3000 m. The influence of cavity backwater depth at reduced atmospheric pressures is unknown and may increase the risk of high-speed aerated flows in high-altitude areas. In this study, the relevant parameters of backwater were measured at various atmospheric pressures, including the jet length, cavity subpressure, backwater depth, and net cavity length. The pressure difference of atmospheric pressure can range from 0 to 94 kPa. The test results indicate that a decrease in atmospheric pressure causes variations in the cavity subpressure. The absolute value of the difference between the inside and outside of the cavity decreases with a decrease in atmospheric pressure. An empirical formula for calculating the subpressure at different atmospheric pressures is proposed for PN < 0.1. The air velocity in the ventilation shaft decreases with a decrease in atmospheric pressure. The effects of variation in the atmospheric pressure on jet length can be ignored because the variation in jet length with different atmospheric pressures was constant. Additionally, the influence of varying atmospheric pressure on the cavity backwater is evident. The backwater depth decreases with a decrease in atmospheric pressure. When the atmospheric pressure decreases from 96 to 6 kPa, the maximum reduction in backwater depth is over 50%. Atmospheric pressure is a parameter that affects cavity backwater. Based on the measured backwater depth data, an empirical formula for calculating the backwater depth at different atmospheric pressures is proposed. This indicates a relationship between the atmospheric pressure and backwater depth under different flow conditions. It was further found that the bottom cavity may require a larger air intake volume at low atmospheric pressures and that it is necessary to optimize the aerator and the ventilation system.
Application of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor Method to Calculate Field Water Use Efficiency
Authors: Chen Xiuhua , Song Wenlong , Shi Yangjun , Liu Weidong , Lu Yizhu , Pang Zhiguo , Chen Xiao
Published: May 2022

Field water use efficiency is an important parameter for evaluating the quality of field irrigation in irrigated areas, which directly affects the country’s food security and water resource allocation. However, most current studies use point-scale soil moisture (SM) or remote sensing water balance models to calculate the field water use coefficient, which cannot avoid errors caused by the spatial heterogeneity of SM and insufficient spatial resolution of remote sensing data. Therefore, in this study, the cosmic-ray neutron sensor (CRNS), Time-Domain Reflectometers (TDR) and Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) were used to monitor the meteorological and hydrological data such as SM, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation in the experimental area of Jinghuiqu Irrigation District for three consecutive years. The scale of the CRNS SM lies between the point and the remote sensing. Based on the CRNS SM, the calculation method for canal head and tail water was used to calculate the field water use efficiency to evaluate the level of agricultural irrigation water use in the experimental irrigation area. The results showed that CRNS could accurately detect the change in SM, and four irrigation events were monitored during the winter wheat growth period from October 2018 to June 2019; the calculation result of field water use efficiency in the experimental area was 0.77. According to the field water use efficiency of the same irrigation area from October 2013 to October 2015 in other studies, the field water use efficiency during the growing period of winter wheat in this area increased from 0.503 to 0.770 in 2013–2019, indicating a significant improvement in the field water use level. In general, this study not only solves the problem of low calculation accuracy of field water use efficiency caused by the mismatch of SM monitoring scales but also explores the application potential of CRNS in agricultural irrigation management and water resource allocation.
An Approach for Monitoring and Classifying Marshlands Using Multispectral Remote Sensing Imagery in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Al-Maliki Sadiq , Ibrahim Taha I. M. , Jakab Gusztáv , Masoudi Malihe , Makki Jamal S. , Vekerdy Zoltán
Published: May 2022

Marshlands in arid and semi-arid areas are considered constantly changing environments due to unsecured water supplies as a result of high evapotranspiration and limited and highly variable rainfall. Classification of marshlands in these regions and mapping of their land cover is not an easy task and maps need to be upgraded frequently. Satellites provide enormous amounts of information and data for the continuous monitoring of changes. The aim of this paper is to introduce an approach using multispectral satellite imagery that was adopted to classify and monitor the Al Hammar Marsh (Iraq) over several years and to suggest a relationship between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), using Landsat 8 data with a resolution of 30 m × 30 m, validated with Sentinel-2 datasets at 10 m × 10 m. Six land cover classes were used: (1) open water, (2) dry area, (3) dense vegetation, (4) medium-density vegetation, (5) sparse vegetation, and (6) wet soil. Three indices, NDWI, NDMI, and NDVI, were chosen for the automatic classification of each pixel and the creation of a time series of land cover maps. The proposed method can efficiently classify and monitor marshlands and can be used to study different marshlands by adjusting the thresholds for NDVI, NDMI, and NDWI. Overall, the correlation for all classes (R) between Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 is about 0.78. Thus, this approach will help to preserve marshes through improved water management.
Modeling and Simulation of Traction Power Supply System for High-Speed Maglev Train
Authors: Zou Ziyu , Zheng Mengfei , Lu Qinfen
Published: May 2022

The electromagnetic suspension high-speed maglev train system uses long-stator linear synchronous motors (LLSMs) as levitation and traction mechanisms. In this paper, the modeling and simulation of the traction power supply system for the maglev train are performed. The simulation models include transformers, converters, variable-length cables and LLSMs of both two sides and two ends; meanwhile, the corresponding control and segmented power supply strategies, including the two-step method and three-step method, are implemented. Based on the system model, the operational performance of the high-speed maglev power supply control system is verified, and the fault performances under open circuit and short circuit are also analyzed. The whole simulation modeling and results have important reference significance for the research of high-speed maglev technology.
Real-Time Estimation of PMSM Rotor Flux Linkage for EV Application under Steady State and Free-Running Conditions
Authors: Wen Bisheng , Liu Kan , Zhou Jing , Zhou Shichao , Hu Wei , Chen Yongdan , Huang Chao , Huang Qing
Published: May 2022

A method for real-time estimation of rotor flux linkage of permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) under both steady state and free-running conditions is proposed in this paper. At steady state, a method for the estimation of rotor flux linkage is proposed based on the injection of variable-period zero-voltage perturbation, of which the accuracy is irrespective of the influence of voltage-source inverter (VSI) nonlinearity. Moreover, for the estimation of rotor flux linkage under free-running condition, due to system inertia after shutdown or fault in the motor driver, an effective approach using history data recorded at different transients of rotor speeds is developed, which has eliminated the influence of VSI nonlinearity during the modeling process. The proposed two methods are experimentally validated on a down-sized PMSM prototyped for electric vehicle application, which shows good performance for the estimation of rotor flux linkage under both steady state and free-running conditions.
Thermally Crosslinked Polyimide Binders for Si-alloy Anodes in Li-ion Batteries
Authors: Chang Hyeong-Seok , Ji Sang-Gu , Rho Miso , Lee Byoung-Min , Kim Sung-Soo , Choi Jae-Hak
Published: May 2022

Silicon (Si) has attracted considerable attention due to its high theoretical capacity compared to conventional graphite anode materials. However, Si-based anode materials suffer from rapid capacity loss due to mechanical failure caused by large volume change during cycling. To alleviate this phenomenon, crosslinked polymeric binders with strong interactions are highly desirable to ensure the electrode integrity. In this study, thermally crosslinked polyimide binders were used for Si-alloy anodes in Li-ion batteries. The crosslinked polyimide binder was found to have high adhesion strength, resulting in enhanced electrode integrity during cycling. Therefore, the Si-alloy anodes with crosslinked polyimide binder provide enhanced electrochemical performance, such as Coulombic efficiency, capacity retention, and cycle stability.
Sustainable Intrusion Detection with New Attack Classification in Private Clouds
Authors: Jing Yu , Zhang Zhiwei , Hu Tianzhu , Li Zhaoyang , Liu Senpeng
Published: May 2022

Traditional data-driven intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are typically based on the recognition of some specific features, regulations or patterns belonging to the well-defined known attacks, so they cannot separate new or unknown attacks from abnormities and may even confuse new attacks and legitimate behaviors. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, it becomes the mainstream technology to improve the detection performance of intrusion detection system. However, the available AI-driven IDSs can hardly classify different types of new attacks separated from abnormities, and they are usually not dedicated to the private cloud, edge or fog computing environments, where the update of the new attack recognition can be very different from that of the public environments. In this article, we present a novel sustainable and AI-driven intrusion detection scheme to support the classification of new attacks in the private clouds. We first adopt the convolutional neural network algorithm to recognize the known attacks, and then propose a new model of recognition and classification for unknown attacks based on network behaviors. We further propose a new approach to update the attacks recognition model for the private clouds. Finally, we provide extensive experiment results to demonstrate that our proposed scheme outperforms the previous IDSs in terms of attack detection accuracy, attack classification accuracy and updating efficiency.
Geographical aspect of the dynamics of investments in agro-industrial complex of large territories
Authors: Ruban D. A. , Yashalova N. N.
Published: May 2022

The importance of agriculture to the modern economy actualizes investigation of the related investment processes. The example of the regions of the Southern Federal District is used to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of industry-based unit investments (taking into account agricultural area, number of employees and production cost equivalent). Series of special cartographical models are used for interpretation. The results revealed significant dynamism of investments during five years. It has become possible to trace geographical regularities of their changes and describe them by image models («wave», «spreading drop» and «waves from scattered drops»). Generally, the studied spatio-temporal dynamics of investments demonstrates oscillatory character.
INCREASING THE THERMAL UNIFORMITY OF WALLS MADE OF CELLULAR CONCRETE BLOCKS
Authors: Suleymanov K. , Pogorelova I. , Ryabchevskiy I.
Published: May 2022

The development of effective protecting structures is currently one of the most popular areas in the construction industry. Masonry made of aerated concrete blocks is used in conditions of ensuring energy efficiency and environmental safety in the construction of civil buildings as enclosing structures. It has high thermal protection properties. The issue of filling through seams of aerated concrete masonry is acute, since adhesive and cement-sand mortars in masonry have low thermal conductivity and are temperature bridges. The authors have developed a two-row energy-efficient wall masonry made of aerated concrete blocks using polyurethane glue as a filler for through and dressing joints. The article discusses the effect of horizontal through joints made of cement-sand mortar and blocking of blocks on the resistance to heat transfer of masonry from aerated concrete blocks. In addition, it presents a study of the reduced resistance to heat transfer of the enclosing structure, taking into account heat-conducting inclusions, presented in the form of a traditional two-row aerated concrete masonry through a row, made on a thin-layer adhesive solution, as well as the masonry developed by the authors. It is concluded that the energy efficiency of the developed wall fencing is ensured due to the increased thermal homogeneity of the masonry.
The Health Economic Impact of Nephrotic Syndrome in the United States
Authors: Simon Christine A. , Salmon Eloise , Desmond Hailey E. , Massengill Susan F. , Gipson Wilson P. , Gipson Debbie S.
Published: May 2022

Key Points

Median annual direct costs (including medication, diet, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and clinic visits) were $3464 (interquartile range [IQR] $844–$5865) for adult patients and $1687 (IQR $1035–$4763) for caregivers.

The time spent planning/prepping meals was 183 h/yr (IQR 114–331) for adults and 173 h/yr (IQR 84–205) for caregivers.

Providers can better understand the burden of living with nephrotic syndrome, consider barriers when treating patients, and develop supportive strategies.

Background

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a rare kidney syndrome with high morbidity. Although a common contributor to the burden of chronic kidney disease, the direct and indirect costs of NS to patients and family caregivers are unrecognized. The objective was to characterize the direct and indirect costs of NS to patients.

Methods

Adults with NS and family caregivers of children with NS were eligible to participate if they had a diagnosis of primary NS, had disease for at least 1 year, and had no other severe health conditions. Data-collection surveys were generated with input from the Kidney Research Network Patient Advisory Board, and surveys were mailed to the eligible participants. Participants were provided $50 for the return of completed surveys. Costs were defined as either direct out-of-pocket costs or indirect costs (e.g., time). Descriptive statistics, including percentage and median (interquartile range [IQR]) are reported.

Results

Respondents included 28 adult patients and 17 caregivers of patients who were minors. Reported health insurance coverage included 35 (78%) with private insurance, 12 (27%) with public insurance, six (13%) with Children’s Special Health Care Services, and one (2%) uninsured. Median annual direct costs were $3464 ($844–$5865) for adult patients and $1687 (IQR $1035–$4763) for caregivers. Of these costs, diet-associated costs contributed $1140 (IQR $600–$2400). The most substantial indirect cost was from the time spent planning/prepping meals (adults: 183 h/yr [IQR 114–331]; caregivers: 173 h/yr [IQR 84–205]).

Conclusions

Adults and caregivers of children with NS face substantial disease-related direct and indirect costs beyond those covered by insurance. Following replication, the study will help health care providers, systems, and payers gain a better understanding of the financial and time burden incurred by those living with NS, consider barriers when treating patients, and develop supportive strategies.
Susceptibility to Environmental Heavy Metal Toxicity among Americans with Kidney Disease
Authors: Danziger John , Dodge Laura E. , Hu Howard , Mukamal Kenneth J.
Published: May 2022

Key Points

Impaired kidney function is associated with higher lead blood levels yet, simultaneously, lower amounts of urinary lead excretion.

These findings suggest an increased susceptibility to progressive lead accumulation from even low levels of environmental exposure.

Further research into the public health consequences of heavy metal exposure is needed, particularly among vulnerable populations.

Background

The consequences of low levels of environmental heavy metal exposure, as found widely in the United States, in those with impaired renal function remain underexplored.

Methods

We examined the cross-sectional association of indices of renal function with lead and cadmium levels in blood and urine among National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants. We used the 1999–2002 cycle, which included measures of cystatin C, in order to quantify renal function most precisely and defined chronic kidney disease (CKD) as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.

Results

In weighted and adjusted analyses of 5638 participants, lead levels were 0.23 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.42) μg/dl higher among participants with CKD, and 0.05 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.09) μg/dL higher per 10 ml/min per 1.73 m2 lower eGFR. Cadmium levels were 0.02 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03) μg/L higher per 10 ml/min per 1.73 m2 lower eGFR. Black race significantly modified the association of lower eGFR with higher circulating lead levels (P interaction <0.001). A 10 ml/min per 1.73 m2 lower eGFR was associated with a 0.13 (95% CI, 0.06 to 0.21) μg/dl higher lead level among Black participants compared with 0.03 (95% CI, –0.04 to 0.11) μg/dl higher level among White participants. Among the 1852 participants with urinary metal measurements, despite higher circulating levels, those with CKD had significantly lower urinary lead levels (–0.16 [95% CI, –0.30 to –0.01] ng/ml) and urinary lead/creatinine ratios (–0.003 [95% CI, –0.004 to –0.001]).

Conclusions

CKD is associated with higher blood lead levels, particularly among Blacks, and simultaneously, lower urinary lead levels, consistent with the hypothesis that CKD confers a state of heighted susceptibility to heavy metal environmental exposure by reducing its elimination. Given that low levels of exposure remain highly prevalent in the United States, further efforts to protect patients with CKD from heavy metal toxicity may be warranted.
Una Especie Nueva de Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae) de los Bosques Secos Yungueños de Bolivia
Authors: Moya Huanca Araceli Laura , Villalba Vargas David , Zenteno-Ruiz Freddy Santiago
Published: May 2022

A new species of Hippeastrum Herb. (Amaryllidaceae), H. lara-ricoi L. Moya, D. Villalba & Zent.-Ruiz, is described and illustrated. It is a perennial-bulbous geophyte herb, with a 2-flowered, dark red umbel, which grows on the rocky slopes of the dry Yungas montane forest of Bolivia. It is apparently restricted to the Chamaca Valley, province of Sud Yungas, in the department of La Paz (Bolivia). The new species differs from the most similar species H. escobaruriae (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen and H. yungacense (Cárdenas & I. S. Nelson) Meerow by its color pattern and floral morphology.
Desarrollo profesional de docentes: análisis de los componentes de desarrollo en la actualidad
Authors: Ribadeneira Pazmiño Daniela Alejandra , Arellano Espinoza Florcita Janeth , Zaruma Pilamunga Oswaldo , Cevallos Goyes Andrea Alejandra
Published: May 2022

El propósito de este estudio fue presentar una revisión sistemática para una comprensión integral del desarrollo profesional de docentes en la educación superior. El enfoque del desarrollo profesional de los miembros de la educación superior es garantizar el uso de la tecnología pedagógicamente sólida en el aula. En la investigación se identificaron 34 artículos a partir de una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática. Como parte de los resultados se revelaron tres posturas que los miembros de la facultad pueden adoptar para promover el desarrollo profesional, como lo fueron: aprendiz, diseñador y como investigador. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a informar a las partes interesadas y a los formuladores de políticas sobre los marcadores clave del desarrollo profesional, basados ​​en evidencia empírica para promover un cambio educativo sostenible y escalable.
Cáncer de mama triple negativo asociado a dermatomiositis paraneoplásica: Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Lasso Carlosama Miller , Rojas-Andrade Eduardo , Gómez- Torres Carolinie , Russi Noguera July Andrea
Published: May 2022

La dermatomiositis (DM) es un tipo de miopatía inflamatoria bien definida, inmunomediada, con afectación específica del músculo esquelético y con compromiso variable de piel y otros órganos. Se caracteriza por debilidad muscular proximal, lesiones cutáneas patognomónicas de dermatomiositis como el signo de Gottron, eritema violáceo o heliotropo, y evidencia de inflamación muscular por enzimas elevadas, cambios miopáticos en electromiografía y biopsia muscular anormal. Tiene una asociación bien establecida con diferentes tipos de cáncer pero es rara su asociación con cáncer de mama. Cuando se presentan de manera concomitante, su diagnóstico requiere un estudio multidisplinario para orientar el origen paraneoplásico frente a una etiología propiamente autoinmune que requiera terapia inmunosupresora dirigida. Describimos el caso de una paciente con diagnóstico simultáneo de cáncer de mama triple negativo y criterios de dermatomiositis como manifestación paraneoplásica.
Epidemiología del cáncer pancreático en Quito: 1985 – 2015
Authors: Guzmán Sánchez David Alejandro , Tarupi Wilmer , Cueva Patricia
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El cáncer de páncreas se encuentra entre los tipos de cáncer más mortales en el mundo, con una tasa de supervivencia neta del 9% a los 5 años. Si bien ha mejorado la comprensión de la fisiopatología, las opciones de detección temprana y tratamiento siguen siendo un desafío importante para la Salud Pública mundial. Este artículo busca describir, la tendencia temporal de incidencia y mortalidad en la ciudad de Quito, de 1985 a 2015, así como la evolución de su base diagnóstica.

Metodología: Utilizando datos del Registro de Cáncer de Base Poblacional de Quito, se calcularon las tasas anuales de incidencia y mortalidad estandarizadas por edad según sexo. El análisis incluyó la distribución de los casos de acuerdo con la base diagnóstica. El análisis de regresión joinpoint se realizó para estimar el cambio porcentual anual promedio (CPAP).

Resultados: Durante el periodo de análisis, la tasa de incidencia disminuyó de 3,8 a 2,8 casos en hombres (CPAP: -1.1) y se mantuvo estable en mujeres. La tasa de mortalidad se mantuvo estable en ambos sexos. Con el tiempo, la proporción de verificación histológica de los casos se incrementó en un 109% en hombres y en un 76% en mujeres.

Conclusiones: Se evidencia una mejora en la calidad de registro de la información, sin embargo, la proporción de verificación histológica es aún baja en Quito y a nivel regional.  Se subraya la necesidad de intensificar los esfuerzos de prevención.
Fracturas atípicas de fémur, un evento adverso infrecuente de los bisfosfonatos en oncología. Reporte de caso.
Authors: Cáceres Galvis Camilo Ernesto , Uribe Rivera Maria Fernanda , Rúa Marín Catalina , Gonzalez Ramirez Diego Mauricio
Published: May 2022

Los bisfosfonatos constituyen uno de los pilares fundamentales en el manejo de la morbilidad ósea de los pacientes con varios tipos de tumores sólidos. Sin embargo, a pesar de la experiencia que tenemos por su uso desde hace décadas, existen eventos adversos como las fracturas atípicas (FA) que por su baja frecuencia pueden pasar desapercibidas y no recibir un manejo adecuado. Existen pocos reportes en la literatura de FA en el manejo de pacientes con cáncer.

Se presenta un caso en el cual una paciente con un tumor metacrónico de mama con metástasis ósea al debut, actualmente en remisión, presenta una FA de fémur tras recibir bisfosfonatos durante 8 años.
canto do Moçambola
Authors: Guimarães Gustavo Cerqueira
Published: May 2022

Este relato de pesquisa contextualiza a investigação sobre “Hinos e cânticos de futebol em Moçambique”, expõe como se deu a minha aproximação da torcida do Clube de Desportos da Costa do Sol, durante o campeonato nacional de 2019, em busca dos cantos de seus torcedores, e apresenta a história do Campeonato Moçambicano de Futebol (Moçambola), apontando traços singulares do Costa do Sol, fundado em 1955, além de abordar, através de portais de notícias, as paralisações dessa competição ao longo dos dois últimos anos pandêmicos. Mostram-se também registros dessa pesquisa de campo: cânticos, fotografias e um vídeo em dia de jogos. O texto, de apelo também ensaístico, revela bastidores dessa etnografia demonstrando ao mesmo tempo o Moçambola como um potente palco de investigações no campo das artes, da linguagem, identidade e memória.
N-polar GaN p-n junction diodes with low ideality factors
Authors: Nomoto Kazuki , Xing Huili Grace , Jena Debdeep , Cho YongJin
Published: May 2022

High-quality N-polar GaN p-n diodes are realized on single-crystal N-polar GaN bulk substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The room-temperature current–voltage characteristics reveal a high on/off current ratio of >1011 at ±4 V and an ideality factor of 1.6. As the temperature increases to 200 °C, the apparent ideality factor gradually approaches 2. At such high temperatures, Shockley–Read–Hall recombination times of 0.32–0.46 ns are estimated. The measured electroluminescence spectrum is dominated by a strong near-band edge emission, while deep level and acceptor-related luminescence is greatly suppressed.
Investigating the relationship between homework and academic achievement in elementary students
Authors:   Farhangian University, Nasibeh Campus, Shahid Sharafat College, Tehran, Iran, Hafezi Akram , Etemadinia Samira ,   School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between homework and academic achievement in elementary students. Research methodology: The statistical population includes students in the fifth year of the elementary school in Tehran. Using the random sampling method, 160 people were selected as the research sample. The tool used to collect data is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical method used is the calculation of correlation coefficient and chi-square. Results: The results of the analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between homework and academic achievement. Limitations: One of the problems of the research was the lack of resources which was considered a serious problem and the other was in the implementation of the questionnaire. Contribution: This study is expected can give a piece of knowledge about the relationship between homework and students' academic achievement. Keywords: 1. Academic achievement 2. Elementary students 3. Homework
Gender perception on the impact of vocational-technical education on the socio-economic development of Urbanizing Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, Abali Temple Probyne , Echeonwu Charles ,   Department of Educational Foundations, University of Port Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Purpose: The study is aimed at determining the impact of vocational-technical education on youths’ socio-economic development. Methodology of Research: Descriptive design was adopted in carrying out the study, with 4 research questions and hypotheses, 6,003 students of the population from the 12 vocational-technical schools in the state, a sample of 400 students, reliability coefficient of 0.72. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions; z-test was used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 Alpha level of significance. Results: The study revealed that vocational-technical education brings about economic development, skill acquisition, employment opportunities, aside from poverty reduction in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study recommends the provision of infrastructure, adequate funding, and proper implementation of policies in vocational-technical schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. Limitations: This study was limited to the 12 existing public technical-vocational schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. Variables such as skills acquisition, economic development, employment opportunities, and poverty reduction were examined. Contribution: The study will expose the youths to various opportunities and possibilities, helping them to channel their strength and energy to reasonable economic activities. By so doing, social vices will be controlled. Keywords: 1. Education 2. Metropolis 3. Socio-economic development 4. Technical 5. Urbanization 6. Vocational
Unsteady Flow of a Dusty Gas Through a Horizontal Pipe with Time Varying Pressure Gradient
Authors:   Head of Applied Mathematics Department, M.J.P.Rohilkhand University Bareilly (U.P.) India., Lal* Dr. Madan , Agarwal Swati ,   Applied Mathematics Department, M.J.P.Rohilkhand University Bareilly (U.P.) India.
Published: May 2022

In the present paper, the unsteady flow of a dusty gas through a pipe under the effect of the linear and exponential pressure gradient is established. Firstly the equation of motion of the fluid and dust particles is considered and then converts it into the Bessel equation by introducing two different parameters. Using the solution of the Bessel equation, the velocity of the gas and dust particles is obtained and shown graphical representation.It is found that the velocities increases as one move towards the axis of the pipe. Under the linear pressure gradient, the velocity of the gas is greater than the velocity of dust particles. As time progresses velocity increases and under exponential pressure gradient the velocity of the dust particles is greater than the velocity of the gas. As time progresses velocity decreases.
Does Service Quality Impact Relationship Quality? Analyzing The Moderating Effect Of Demographic Variables In The Path Model – Empirical Evidence From Indian Retail Banks
Authors:   Department of Business Administrations, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India., R Dr. Rajendran. , B* Dr. Nataraj. ,   Great Lakes Institute of Management, Chennai, India.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of service quality on relationship quality in the context of India retail banks. Previous researchers have identified that service quality as a core competency of service industries, whereas the term relationship quality has occupied the prime spot in relationship marketing research for various reasons, the present study attempted to investigate the impact of service quality on relationship quality. At times, the demographic variables can act as a differentiator in the path model, the study made an effort to investigate the moderating role of the demographic variables. The authors developed a structured questionnaire, items used in the questionnaire were adopted from existing literature. The developed questionnaire was distributed among bank customers through e-mail and were requested to fill the same. The authors used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze the path model between service quality and relationship quality. Findings of the study showed that there exist a positive relationship between service quality and relationship quality. The results also revealed that the relationship duration and type of bank has a moderating effect on the path model between service quality and relationship quality. However age and gender of the respondents did not show any moderating effect on the path model. Previous researchers has suggested that it cost more to acquire a new customer when compared to retaining an existing customer. The technology aspects of a service industry like banking mobile banking, e-services can be easily mimicked by the competitors, whereas the quality dimensions of banking industry cannot be easily imitated by the competitors, hence the banks shall establish good service quality and improve relationship quality to stay ahead of competition and win the minds of the customers.
الاقليم الجغرافي لطلبة كلية الهندسة / الجامعة العراقية للمدة من عام 2012 لغاية 2020
Authors: أ . م . د مثنى ناظم داود العبيدي  , جنان عبد الجبار جواد
Published: May 2022

تعد الدراسات الاقليمية واحدة من اهم الموضوعات التي تهتم بها الجغرافية بصورة عامة ، فدراسة الاقليم الوظيفي لظاهرة ما يقوم على اساس التفاعل الديناميكي والترابط الوظيفي بين الموقع المدروس وما يحيط به من الاقاليم المجاورة . إذ تتميز الجغرافية بقدرتها على تحليل حركة الوظائف التي تقوم بها المدن واتجاهات تأثيرها والمناطق التي تصل اليها خدمات هذه الوظائف ومدى تفاعلها مع محيطيها الاقليمي القريب او البعيد.وتعتبر الخدمات التعليمية لاسيما ذات المستوى الهرمي العالي كالكليات بحد ذاتها خدمات اقليمية ذات حيزاً مهماً في مجال الخدمات والوظائف التي تقدمها المدينة لسكانها وسكان الاقاليم المحيطة بها ، ويزداد الاثر الاقليمي لها كلما كان التخصص العلمي المطلوب دراسته في الكلية نادرا و يتطلب معدل عال في القبول . ان اهم مقياس تقيس به الامم تقدمها وتطمئن بع على مستقبلها هو مقياس الذخيرة العلمية متمثلة في العلماء الشباب اقل من سن ال 30 وكلما امتلكت ذخيرة اكبر من المبدعين كلما كان حظها من التطور والتقدم كبيرا جدا .(1) ونظراً لما تتمتع به كلية الهندسة من اهمية لدى الطلاب فهي تزودهم بمهارات عملية وفنية لحل المشكلات وتكسب الطالب المعرفة في مجال الرياضيات والعلوم والتصميم والصيانة والإنتاج ... الخ , كما يوفر طلاب الهندسة حلول تكنولوجية للمشكلات والقضايا والأفكار التي تؤثر على كل جانب من جوانب الحياة . لهذا كله تم اختيار كلية الهندسة في الجامعة العراقية التي تقع في مدينة بغداد والتي تعد من المرتكزات الحضارية والاجتماعية والثقافية والموقعية كما انها تشكل واحدة من اهم المراكز الاستقطابية للطلاب في مختلف المجالات الهندسية  من اجل معرفة وتحديد الامتداد الجغرافي الاقليمي لها ضمن مدة زمنية تحددت من عام 2012 ولغاية عام 2020 . لقد تم الاعتماد على البيانات المتوفرة لدى قسم التسجيل في الكلية من اجل تحقيق هدف البحث كما تم استخدام الاسلوب الاحصائي في جدولة هذه البيانات واستخراج النسب المئوية لها وتوضيح النتائج من خلال الاشكال ومن ثم اسقاطها بشكل اجمالي على الخريطة من اجل رسم حدود الاقليم ومعرفة الامتداد الجغرافي لهذه الكلية ضمن المناطق التي تقع تحت نفوذها .
RÉTINOPATHIE DYSORIQUE AU COURS DU LUPUS ÉRYTHÉMATEUX SYSTÉMIQUE
Authors: Jabbouri R. , Filali R. Aniq , Alaoui FZ.
Published: May 2022

Le lupus érythémateux systémique est une maladie auto immune de présentation clinique polymorphe. La rétinopathie
lupique n’est pas fréquente. Elle constitue un marqueur important d’activité de la maladie. Elle peut être révélatrice de la
maladie ou présente lors des phases évolutives. La rétinopathie dysorique est de bon pronostic, et est caractérisé par la présence de nodules
cotonneux et d’hémorragie en ammèches sans grande répercussion sur l’acuité visuelle, contrairement à la vascularite rétinienne occlusive
compliquant généralement un SAPL et de pronostic très grave. Nous rapportons un cas de microangiopathie dysorique découverte fortuitement
chez une patiente présentant un lupus érythémateux systémique avec atteinte hématologique et hépatique.
PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS (ROSE GERANIUM) – THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIFUNGAL AND DIABETICS,ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
Authors: Prachi V. Veerker , Jyoti. Gorakh Wagh
Published: May 2022

This review article is a draw upon published research articles for evaluation of the therapeutic abilities of Pelargonium
graveolens.This article comprise and investigate the collected evidence for preserving the therapeutic abilities of
P.graveolens. Various articles were reviewed and many different medicinal applications of the Pelargonium genus were discovered.
Many others types of species of geranium were found in different geographical regions.But,the main focus in the reviewed articles, however,
was on the species Pelargonium graveolens (P. graveolens). P. graveolens shown many positive benets. Pelargonium graveolens
(Geranium) is a source of nest quality of fragrance and its essential oils (EOs) are used as antibacterial and antifungal agent. The major
benets that were reviewed were the plant's antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-fungal activities. Other noteworthy benets that were reviewed
include hypoglycemic ,anti-inammatory and anti-reprotoxic activities as well as fairly low toxicity levels.
PREVALENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES CAUSING EAR INFECTION AMONG THE PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, PUDUCHERRY.
Authors: Vaishnavadevi G.
Published: May 2022

Ear infection can cause pain, discharge, hearing impairement ,deafness and its related complications . Ear infection
affects both children and adults particularly in developing countries. Since the emergence of antibiotic resistant
organisms increasing the risk of treatment failure. The prevalence and susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics is important for patient treatment.
The aim of the study to assess the prevalence of isolated bacterial pathogen and their antimicrobial susceptibility prole among patient with ear
infection attended SLIMS , puducherry between Febuary 2021 – January 2022 .
Materials And Methods: Retrospective data was collected for analysis from ear samples subjected for bacterial culture and antimicrobial
susceptibility pattern . Specimens such as ear swabs and aspirated fuild was collected and processed for microbiological diagnosis as per
standard operating procedure (SOP) .Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute
(CLSI) guidelines. Statistical Package for the social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyzed the data .
Results: Gram positive and gram negative organisms were isolated from 109 ear samples . Gram positive cocci accounted for 75 (68.8 %) and
Gram negative bacilli for 34 (31.2 %) . Staphylococcus aureus (33%) and pseudomonas spp (21.1%) were the most commonly isolated
organisms. In drug susceptibility testing, gentamicin had coverage against 68(90.7%) of 75 gram positive cocci and 30(88.2 %) of 34 gram
negative bacilli which were tested. Antimicrobial resistance were observed for penicillin , Erythromycin ,clindamycin whereas ciprooxacin,
gentamicin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole were found to be susceptible against the isolated bacteria.
Conclusion: The predominant isolate was Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. The antibiotic with the greatest bacterial coverage in
drug susceptibility pattern was Gentamicin. Gentamicin showed good coverage against gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli isolated
from ear infections. Ciprooxacin showed the lowest resistance rates to all bacterial isolates.
ACUTE EFFECT OF KINESIOLOGY MEDIAL TAPING OF PATELLA PATIENT OF CHRONIC OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE WITH PATELLOFEMORAL INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Jain Piyush , Misra Anand , Pal Akshay
Published: May 2022

Osteoarthritis is a worldwide most common problem in middle age people, Osteoarthritis is from time to time denoted to
as deteriorating or wear and tear arthritis. Osteoarthritis might be result from injury to the knee previous in life. Fractures
relating the joints surface, insecurity from ligament tears, and meniscal injuries can all reason irregular wear and tear of the knee joint. Patients
and methods
Method: - 30 patients attending a hospital who fullled entry criteria were recruited for the study. Pre diagnosed Patients referred by orthopedic
surgeons of SAIMS hospital Indore and those who full entry criteria were considered for the study. The both Male and Female was taken in the
study with age group of 55-65 years and who had knee symptoms since 1-3 years and dived into 2 groups experimental and control group. It is an
experimental study of pretest and post-test. To nd out the Acute effect of kinesiology medial taping over patella in decreasing pain as measured
by VAS and Patellofemoral Joint Evaluation Scale in chronic primary osteoarthritis of knee with patellofemoral involvement. Result: - There
were no statistically signicant differences between the three groups in terms Percentage increase in patellofemoral joint functional scale rating
from initial value in experimental group is 20.4% and control group is 10.06%. Percentage reduction of VAS score from initial value is
experimental group is 20% and control is 4.6%. When comparing the percentage difference in reduction of VAS between experimental and
control group, there is better reduction of pain in experimental group at the end of treatment.
Conclusion: The study revised a signicant and reliable nding on the use of kinesiology medial tape in the treatment of pain in patellofemoral
arthritis primary to a decreasing pain symptom and in improving functional activity.
The Federal Reserve as Last Resort
Authors: Baker Colleen
Published: May 2022

The Federal Reserve, the central bank of the United States, is one of the most important and powerful institutions in the world. Surprisingly, legal scholarship hardly pays any attention to the Federal Reserve or to the law structuring and governing its legal authority. This is especially curious given the amount of legal scholarship focused on administrative agencies that do not have anywhere near as critical a domestic and international role as that of the Federal Reserve. At the core of what the Federal Reserve does and should do is to conduct monetary policy so as to safeguard pricing, including that of financial risk. The recent financial crisis brings the importance of this role into clear resolution, because mispriced financial risk was central to the crisis. To increase the Federal Reserve's efficacy, recent financial reforms in Dodd-Frank created a new "last-resort" role for the central bank. Ironically, these same reforms threaten the efficacy of the Federal Reserve by increasing "moral hazard," which could lead to additional mispricing of financial risk. This Article aims to contribute to legal scholarship focused on the Federal Reserve, an institution whose decisions significantly impact financial markets and much of the rest of the world. In particular, the Article's first aim is to argue that the Federal Reserve has a new, permanent last-resort role: market-maker of last resort. This new responsibility flows from reforms contained in Dodd-Frank's Title VIII, which transform and expand the Federal Reserve's last-resort-lending legal authority. This Article's second aim is to argue that Title VIII's market stability-oriented reforms require additional accompanying reforms to counterbalance the moral hazard and related mispricing of financial risk that Title VIII's reforms could promote. These proposed reforms aim to ensure that the Federal Reserve's new "last resort" lending role does not inadvertently encourage the excessive risk taking and mispricing of financial risk that brought us the financial crisis and Dodd-Frank in the first place.
INFLUENCES OF MANURE AND BIOCHAR ON BIOMASS YIELD AND NUTRIENT VALUE OF PENNISETUM PURPUREUM CV. MOTT GROWN ON POST-NICKEL-MINING SOIL
Authors: Kurniawan W , - Hardianto , Ramdani A , Bain A , Bachtiar T , Wahyono T
Published: May 2022

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of biochar and manure additions to growth performance, nutrient value, in vitro digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott grown in soil remaining after nickel-mining activities. The goat manure and iron wood biochar were used in this study. Treatments were arranged 4 x 2 factorially in a completely randomized block design. The factors were four levels of biochar (0, 5, 10, and 15 metric ton/ha) and two levels of manure (0 and 10 metric ton/ha). The plants were harvested at 70 days after sowing (first harvest), 128 days (first ratoon) and 193 days (second ratoon). Results showed that at first and second ratoon, plant height and tillering number were increased after 5 metric ton/ha biochar and 10 metric ton/ha manure additions (p < 0.05). Manure treatment resulted in higher crude protein content (p < 0.05) than controls at first and second ratoon stages. Combinations of biochar (p < 0.01) and manure (p = 0.09) improved in vitro gas production from the insoluble fraction (b). The study concludes that treatment with 5 metric ton/ha biochar and 10 metric ton/ha manure fertilizers on post-nickel-mining soil increases tillering number, height, CP content and in vitro digestibility of P. purpureum cv. Mott at ratoon stages.
Keywords: Biochar, manure, nutrient value, Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott, post-mining
FORECASTS ABOUT LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB-PAKISTAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Mehmood H.Z. , Afzal H , Abbas A , Hassan S , Ali A
Published: May 2022

This study is aimed at estimating the role of livestock sector in food security by considering the past trends and future forecasts in livestock population, situation of feed & fodder availability and potential adaptation/mitigation strategies in the epoch of climate change. In this regard, secondary data was collected from World Bank, FAO, Ministry of Finance Pakistan and Pakistan Bureau of Statistics and was analyzed using semi-log model, automatic ARIMA, and Lorenz curve methodology. The results of this study forecasted the increase in the population of cattle, buffalo, goat and camel in near future while forecast about population of sheep shows decrease in its population in coming years. Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient revealed relatively equal distribution in the number of cattle and buffalo among herds than that of sheep and goat. The total area under fodder production' and 'fodder productivity' have a declining trend. The linkages among livestock production index, GNI per capita and consumption expenditure elaborate that the livestock is playing a major role in food security of Pakistan and other neighboring countries (China, India and Bangladesh). Analyzing various adaptation and mitigation strategies in the context of Pakistan revealed that in the era of climate change and food insecurity, this sector could help by wisely adopting cost-effective adaptation/mitigation strategies like educating farmers about managing and altering feed production and consumption techniques. Therefore, maintaining a consistent policy to focus livestock economy on the wake of increasing food security concerns and climate change, a holistic approach is required to make decisions for the uplift of the rural economy in the country.
Key words: Climate change; food security; livestock production; model forecasts; mitigation strategies