bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assignment of individual structures from intermetalloid nickel gallium cluster ensembles
Authors: Muhr Maximilian , Stephan Johannes , Staiger Lena , Hemmer Karina , Schütz Max , Heiß Patricia , Jandl Christian , Cokoja Mirza , Kratky Tim , Günther Sebastian , Huber Dominik , Kahlal Samia , Saillard Jean-Yves , Cador Olivier , Da Silva Augusto C. H. , Da Silva Juarez L. F. , Mink Janos , Gemel Christian , Fischer Roland A.
Published: February 2024

Poorly selective mixed-metal cluster synthesis and separation yield reaction solutions of inseparable intermetalloid cluster mixtures, which are often discarded. High-resolution mass spectrometry, however, can provide precise compositional data of such product mixtures. Structure assignments can be achieved by advanced computational screening and consideration of the complete structural space. Here, we experimentally verify structure and composition of a whole cluster ensemble by combining a set of spectroscopic techniques. Our study case are the very similar nickel/gallium clusters of M12, M13 and M14 core composition Ni6+xGa6+y (x + y ≤ 2). The rationalization of structure, bonding and reactivity is built upon the organometallic superatom cluster [Ni6Ga6](Cp*)6 = [Ga6](NiCp*)6 (1; Cp* = C5Me5). The structural conclusions are validated by reactivity tests using carbon monoxide, which selectively binds to Ni sites, whereas (triisopropylsilyl)acetylene selectively binds to Ga sites.
Protein prognostic biomarkers in stage II colorectal cancer: implications for post-operative management
Authors: Alnakli Aziz A. A. , Mohamedali Abidali , Heng Benjamin , Chan Charles , Shin Joo-Shik , Solomon Michael , Chapuis Pierre , Guillemin Gilles J. , Baker Mark S. , Ahn Seong Beom
Published: February 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant threat to many human lives worldwide and survival following resection is predominantly stage dependent. For early-stage cancer, patients are not routinely advised to undergo additional post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy. Acceptable clinical management guidelines are well established for patients in pTNM stages I, III and IV. However, recommendations for managing CRC stage II patients remain controversial and many studies have been conducted to segregate stage II patients into low- and high-risk of recurrence using genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic molecular markers. As proteins provide valuable insights into cellular functions and disease state and have a relatively easy translation to the clinic, this review aims to discuss potential prognostic protein biomarkers proposed for predicting tumour relapse in early-stage II CRC. It is suggested that a panel of markers may be more effective than a single marker and further evaluation is required to translate these into clinical practice.
XIAP-mediated degradation of IFT88 disrupts HSC cilia to stimulate HSC activation and liver fibrosis
Authors: Hong Renjie , Tan Yanjie , Tian Xiaoyu , Huang Zhenzhou , Wang Jiaying , Ni Hua , Yang Jia , Bu Weiwen , Yang Song , Li Te , Yu Fan , Zhong Weilong , Sun Tao , Wang Xiaohong , Li Dengwen , Liu Min , Yang Yunfan , Zhou Jun
Published: February 2024

Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a critical role in liver fibrosis. However, the molecular basis for HSC activation remains poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate that primary cilia are present on quiescent HSCs but exhibit a significant loss upon HSC activation which correlates with decreased levels of the ciliary protein intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88). Ift88-knockout mice are more susceptible to chronic carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. Mechanistic studies show that the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for IFT88. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a profibrotic factor, enhances XIAP-mediated ubiquitination of IFT88, promoting its proteasomal degradation. Blocking XIAP-mediated IFT88 degradation ablates TGF-β-induced HSC activation and liver fibrosis. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for ciliary homeostasis in regulating HSC activation and identify the XIAP–IFT88 axis as a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
Differentiating α-moganite, silanol and α-quartz by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Tsukada Yasumoto , Schmidt Patrick , Bowden Stephen A.
Published: February 2024

Novel approaches for distinguishing Raman spectra of α-moganite and silanol on α-quartz are introduced.
One-dimensional van der Waals BiSBr: an anisotropic thermoelectric mineral
Authors: Govindaraj Prakash , Murugan Kowsalya , Venugopal Kathirvel
Published: February 2024

Environment-friendly BiSBr with a 1D layered structure is revealed as a promising anisotropic thermoelectric candidate with a high zT of 2.34 at 500 K.
The dawn of hydrogen and halogen bonds and their crucial role in collisional processes probing long-range intermolecular interactions
Authors: Cappelletti David , Falcinelli Stefano , Pirani Fernando
Published: February 2024

Concerted glory scattering experiments and quantum mechanical calculations allow to detect the emergence of hydrogen bonding (HB) and halogen bonding (XB) at long intermolecular distances; the case of Cl2–H2O is shown where both HB and XB are operative.
Engineering of graphene-based composites with hexagonal boron nitride and PEDOT:PSS for sensing applications
Authors: Antonova Irina V. , Ivanov Artem I. , Shavelkina Marina B. , Poteryayev Dmitriy A. , Buzmakova Anna A. , Soots Regina A.
Published: February 2024

A unique nanomaterial has been developed for sweat analysis, including glucose level monitoring.
Anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial studies and molecular docking of a new hexanuclear Zn(ii) complex, together with its X-ray crystal analysis
Authors: Keypour Hassan , Zeynali Hamid , Fatemikia Hojatollah , Ranjbar Nika , Karamian Roya , Rezaei Mohammad Taher , Gable Robert William
Published: February 2024

A new hexanuclear Zn(ii) complex with the ligand 2,2′-(piperazine-1,4-diyl)bis(ethan-1-amine), [L3Zn6(OH)6][ClO4]6·3MeOH·7H2O, was synthesized.
Alkaline earth metal-assisted dinitrogen activation at nickel
Authors: Knoell Theresa , Polanco Jocelyn , MacMillan Samantha N. , Bertke Jeffery A. , Foroutan-Nejad Cina , Lancaster Kyle M. , ‘Gus’ Bakhoda Abolghasem
Published: February 2024

Rare examples of trinuclear [Ni–N2–M–N2–Ni] core (M = Ca, Mg) with linear bridged dinitrogen ligands are reported in this work.
Triple-junction perovskite–perovskite–silicon solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 24.4%
Authors: Hu Hang , An Sophie X. , Li Yang , Orooji Seyedamir , Singh Roja , Schackmar Fabian , Laufer Felix , Jin Qihao , Feeney Thomas , Diercks Alexander , Gota Fabrizio , Moghadamzadeh Somayeh , Pan Ting , Rienäcker Michael , Peibst Robby , Nejand Bahram Abdollahi , Paetzold Ulrich W.
Published: February 2024

Key advances on triple-junction perovskite–perovskite–Si solar cells with an unprecedented efficiency of 24.4% and enhanced long-term thermal stability are reported via the development of high-performance middle perovskite solar cell.
Particles in a box: novel design and evaluation of an adaptable engineering control enclosure for a common split tube furnace to eliminate occupational exposure to refractory ceramic insulation fibers
Authors: Janković Nina Z. , Leong Wei Lee , Ryan Andrew I. , Tantawi Omar N. , Smith Brian S. , Plata Desiree L.
Published: February 2024

Split tube furnaces routinely used in nanotechnology laboratories to generate C-based nanomaterials rely on refractory ceramic insulation fibers, which can pose an inhalation risk to operators.
Rapid detection of viable Bacteroides in sewage-contaminated water using sodium dodecyl sulfate and propidium monoazide combined with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay
Authors: Khodaparast Meysam , Sharley Dave , Marshall Stephen , Beddoe Travis
Published: February 2024

Microbial source tracking using nucleic acid-based amplification techniques, including qPCR and LAMP is now routinely used to detect indicator bacteria in human faecal-contaminated water.
A microphysiological system for parallelized morphological and electrophysiological read-out of 3D neuronal cell culture
Authors: Jones Peter D. , Molina-Martínez Beatriz , Niedworok Anita , Cesare Paolo
Published: February 2024

Electrophysiology of 3D neural cultures: our multilayer microfluidics on glass microelectrode arrays enable parallel analysis of compartmentalized 3D neural models, with applications in neurology, pharmacology research and substance testing.
Multifunctional black phosphorus pressure sensors with bending angle monitoring and direction recognition characteristics
Authors: Chen Jiangtao , Ma Guobin , Wang Xinyi , Song Tiancheng , Zhu Yirun , Jia Shuangju , Zhang Xuqiang , Zhao Yun , Chen Jianbiao , Yang Bingjun , Li Yan
Published: February 2024

A multifunctional pressure sensor based on black phosphorus nanoflakes is fabricated, and it shows good bending angle monitoring and direction recognition characteristics.
Fluorescent protein chromophores modified with aromatic heterocycles for photodynamic therapy and two-photon fluorescence imaging
Authors: Li Weilong , Feng Wan , Liu Badi , Qian Ying
Published: February 2024

Three fluorescent protein chromophore analogs PFPAr (PFPP, PFPC, and PFPT) were synthesized and proved to be useful for photodynamic therapy and two-photon fluorescence imaging.
Ubiquitin specific peptidase (USP37) mediated effects in microscaffold-encapsulated cells: a comprehensive study on growth, proliferation and EMT
Authors: De Shreemoyee , Chauhan Ravi , Singh Mayank , Singh Neetu
Published: February 2024

Graphical abstract to demonstrate the advantage of the 3D cell culture platform over the traditional 2D platform for the identification of the oncogenic potential of USP37 in ovarian cancer cells.
Closed-shell d10–d10 mechanochromic [AuPh(CNPh)]n complex: quantum chemistry electronic and optical properties
Authors: Mendizabal Fernando , Ceron María Luisa , Lara Dina , Miranda-Rojas Sebastián
Published: February 2024

[AuPh(CNPh)]2 complexes are modeled, and their electronic properties, optical properties, and solid state chemistry are studied.
Enhancing Tsuji–Trost deallylation in living cells with an internal-nucleophile coumarin-based probe
Authors: Tan Yonghua , Pierrard François , Frédérick Raphaël , Riant Olivier
Published: February 2024

The grafting of a diisopropylaminobenzyl substituent onto an N-Alloc protecting group significantly accelerates Tsuji–Trost deallylation, enabling intramolecular capture of the π-allylpalladium intermediate.
Particle-based model of liquid crystal skyrmion dynamics
Authors: Teixeira A. W. , Tasinkevych M. , Dias C. S.
Published: February 2024

Motivated by recent experimental results that reveal rich collective dynamics of thousands-to-millions of active liquid crystal skyrmions, we have developed a coarse–grained, particle-based model of the dynamics of skyrmions in a dilute regime.
Dynamics of drying colloidal suspensions, measured by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Abe Kohei , Atkinson Patrick Saul , Cheung Chi Shing , Liang Haida , Goehring Lucas , Inasawa Susumu
Published: February 2024

We demonstrate optical coherence tomography as an in-situ, quick and quantitative method for the measurement of particle concentrations in a drying colloidal suspension.
Fabricating multi-scale controllable PEDOT:PSS arrays via templated freezing assembly
Authors: Lin Yang , Mao Junqiang , Fan Qingrui , Wang Jianjun
Published: February 2024

The fabrication of conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) into controllable hierarchical arrays is gaining increasing interest for various applications, e.g., bioelectronics, and regenerative medicine.
Transient intermediate in the formation of an amorphous metal–organic framework
Authors: Sapnik Adam F. , Thorne Michael F. , Castillo-Blas Celia , Keenan Luke , Johnson Timothy , Bennett Thomas D.
Published: February 2024

Amorphous metal–organic frameworks are rarely formedviadirect synthesis. Here,in situsynchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy probes the formation of Fe-BTC, revealing a multi-stage mechanism that proceedsviaa transient intermediate species.
Thermodynamic characterisation and application of the ZrNi–H metal hydride system in the low-pressure regime
Authors: Felbinger Jonina , Haverich Johanna , Bürger Inga , Linder Marc
Published: February 2024

A temperature-driven Sieverts' technique allows high-accuracy thermodynamic characterisation of the AB-type metal hydride ZrNi under vacuum. The applicability of the ZrNi–H system as a thermally operated hydrogen sorption pump is investigated.
Modulating coal-derived carbon toward electrocatalytic generation of hydroxyl radicals for organic contaminant removal
Authors: Zhao Guoqiang , Chen Tianci , Tang Aidong , Yang Huaming
Published: February 2024

Coal-derived carbon catalysts are modulated for producing hydroxyl radicals from oxygen gas to remove organic contaminants from water, and the roles of oxygen containing groups are explored, which would contribute to a greener society.
MOF magic: zirconium-based frameworks in theranostic and bio-imaging applications
Authors: Gupta Dinesh K. , Kumar Santosh , Wani Mohmmad Younus
Published: February 2024

Over the past two decades, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered substantial scientific interest across diverse fields, spanning gas storage, catalysis, biotechnology, and more.
Improving film uniformity and interface solvent resistance to realize multilayer printing of OLED devices
Authors: Liu Xuelei , Lv Dong , Wang Shumeng , Yu Xinhong , Han Yanchun
Published: February 2024

Improving uniformity of printed PEDOT:PSS, VNPB, G2P2 films by reducing the outwards capillary flow. A cross-linkable HTL as interlayer avoids mutual solubility and gets a clear interface.
Exploring the interfacial behavior of ruthenium complexes in ionic liquids: implications for supported ionic liquid phase catalysts
Authors: Hemmeter Daniel , Merlinsky Luciano Sanchez , Baraldo Luis M. , Maier Florian , Williams Federico J. , Steinrück Hans-Peter
Published: February 2024

The interaction of metal complexes with ionic liquids, with a particular focus on the stability and surface concentration of the metal centers, is crucial in applications involving catalysts based on supported ionic liquids.
Beyond the first decade: The next phase for ESPI
Authors: Sunderland Elsie M. , McNeill Kris
Published: February 2024

Editor-in-Chief Elsie M. Sunderland and former Editor-in-Chief Kris McNeill reflect on the first 11 years of ESPI and look forward to the rest of 2024 and beyond.
A reflection on ‘Protein coronas suppress the hemolytic activity of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanoparticles’
Authors: Hirschbiegel Cristina-Maria , Jiang Mingdi , Park Jungmi , Rotello Vincent M.
Published: February 2024

Rotello et al. reflect on their first Materials Horizons paper (Mater. Horiz., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3MH00075C) published in the inaugural issue of the journal, and discuss how their work may have influenced the research field over the past decade.
Lithographic convex pattern as a wavelength-independent light extraction structure for efficient organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Qu Zhi-Hao , Wang Ye , Song Min , Liu Wei-Zhi , Yan Jie , Meng Shu-Guang , Li Meng-Tian , Li Sheng-Nan , Zhou Dong-Ying , Chi Yun , Liao Liang-Sheng
Published: February 2024

Micrometer-scale ITO convex matrixes are used to improve the light extraction efficiency of OLEDs. Through optical manipulation, this scheme enhances the EQEs by up to 34.5% for blue, 22.4% for green, 28.6% for red, and 31.3% for NIR OLEDs.
Exploring the potential of VGLL3 methylation as a prognostic indicator for intracranial aneurysm with gender-specific considerations
Authors: Liu Yuchun , Chen Siqi , Zhang Enhao , Xu Yinbin , Deng Xinpeng , Hu Ziliang , Nie Sheng , Lin Yinglu , Huang Yi
Published: February 2024

DNA methylation is widely recognized to play a role in intracranial aneurysm (IA) pathogenesis. We investigated the levels of methylation of vestigial-like 3 (VGLL3) in IA and explored its potential as a prognostic indicator. A total of 48 patients with IA and 48 healthy controls were included in the present study. Methylation levels of CpG sites were assessed using bisulfite pyrosequencing, and levels of VGLL3, TEAD, and YAP in the blood were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing. VGLL3 methylation was significantly higher in controls than in IA patients (P=0.001), and this phenomenon was more pronounced in females (P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of VGLL3 and TEAD in the blood of IA patients were significantly increased, while YAP was significantly decreased. VGLL3 methylation was positively correlated with HDL (P=0.003) and female Lpa concentration (r = 0.426, P=0.03), and was also negatively correlated with age (P=0.003), APOE (P=0.005), and VGLL3 mRNA expression (P<0.001). Methylation and mRNA expression of VGLL3 may serve as indicators of IA risk in females (AUC = 0.810 and 0.809). VGLL3 methylation may participate in the pathogenesis of IA by regulating the expression of the VGLL3/TEAD/YAP pathway, and its gene methylation and expression levels have IA risk prediction value.
Backbone interactions and secondary structures in phase separation of disordered proteins
Authors: Li Shanlong , Zhang Yumeng , Chen Jianhan
Published: February 2024

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are one of the major drivers behind the formation and characteristics of biomolecular condensates. Due to their inherent flexibility, the backbones of IDPs are significantly exposed, rendering them highly influential and susceptible to biomolecular phase separation. In densely packed condensates, exposed backbones have a heightened capacity to interact with neighboring protein chains, which might lead to strong coupling between the secondary structures and phase separation and further modulate the subsequent transitions of the condensates, such as aging and fibrillization. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of backbone-mediated interactions and secondary structures within biomolecular condensates to underscore the importance of protein backbones in phase separation. We further focus on recent advances in experimental techniques and molecular dynamics simulation methods for probing and exploring the roles of backbone interactions and secondary structures in biomolecular phase separation involving IDPs.
Impact of different approaches to computing rotating stellar models
Authors: Nandal Devesh , Meynet Georges , Ekström Sylvia , Moyano Facundo D. , Eggenberger Patrick , Choplin Arthur , Georgy Cyril , Farrell Eoin , Maeder André
Published: February 2024

Context. The physics of stellar rotation plays a crucial role in the evolution of stars, in their final fates, and for the properties of compact remnants.

Aims. Diverse approaches have been adopted to incorporate the effects of rotation in stellar evolution models. This study seeks to explore the consequences that these various prescriptions for rotation have for the essential outputs of massive star models.

Methods. We computed a grid of 15 and 60 M⊙ stellar evolution models with the Geneva Stellar Evolution Code that accounted for both hydrodynamical and magnetic instabilities induced by rotation.

Results. In the 15 and 60 M⊙ models, the choice of the vertical and horizontal diffusion coefficients for the nonmagnetic models strongly impacts the evolution of the chemical structure, but has a weak impact on the angular momentum transport and the rotational velocity of the core. In the 15 M⊙ models, the choice of the diffusion coefficient impacts the convective core size during the core H-burning phase, regardless of whether the model begins core He-burning as a blue or red supergiant and regardless of the core mass at the end of He-burning. In the 60 M⊙ models, the evolution is dominated by mass loss and is less strongly affected by the choice of the diffusion coefficient. In the magnetic models, magnetic instability dominates the angular momentum transport, and these models are found to be less strongly mixed than their rotating nonmagnetic counterparts.

Conclusions. Stellar models with the same initial mass, chemical composition, and rotation may exhibit diverse characteristics depending on the physics applied. By conducting thorough comparisons with observational features, we can ascertain which method(s) produce the most accurate results in different cases.
A catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy: From the INTEGRAL to the Gaia era
Authors: Fortin F. , Kalsi A. , García F. , Simaz-Bunzel A. , Chaty S.
Published: February 2024

Context. Low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are high-energy sources that require multi-wavelength follow-up campaigns to be fully characterised. New transients associated with LMXBs are regularly discovered, and previously known systems are often revisited by astronomers to constrain their intrinsic parameters. All of this information compiled into a catalogue may build a useful tool for subsequent studies on LMXBs and their population.

Aims. We aim to provide an update on past LMXB catalogues dating back 16 yr and propose to the community a database on Galactic LMXBs with the most complete, manually curated set of parameters and their original references. On top of a fixed version accessible through Vizier, we propose hosting the catalogue independently on our GitHub collaboration, side-by-side with our previous catalogue on high-mass X-ray binaries. The database will be regularly updated based on new publications and community inputs.

Methods. We built a working base by cross-matching previous LMXB catalogues and supplementing them with lists of hard X-ray sources detected over the past 20 yr. We compiled information from Simbad on LMXBs as a starting point for a thorough, manual search in the literature to retrieve important parameters that characterize LMXBs. We retrieved newly detected LMXBs and candidates directly from literature searches. Counterparts to these LMXBs are compiled from hard X-ray to infrared and radio domains. Every piece of information presented on the LMXBs is curated and backed by accurate references.

Results. We present a catalogue of 339 Galactic LMXBs listing their coordinates, companion star spectral type, systemic radial velocity, component masses and compact object nature, the presence of type I X-ray bursts, as well as orbital data. Coordinates and identifiers of counterparts at various wavelengths are given, including 140 LMXBs detected in Gaia DR3.
Near-infrared spectroscopic characterisation of Gaia ultra-cool dwarf candidates
Authors: Ravinet T. , Reylé C. , Lagarde N. , Burgasser A. , Smart R. L. , Moya W. H. , Marocco F. , Scholz R.-D. , Cooper W. J. , Cruz K. L. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Homeier D. , Sarro L. M.
Published: February 2024

Context. The local census of very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs is crucial to improving our understanding of the stellar-substellar transition and their formation history. These objects, known as ultra-cool dwarfs (UCDs), are essential targets for searches of potentially habitable planets. However, their detection poses a challenge because of their low luminosity. The Gaia survey has identified numerous new UCD candidates thanks to its large survey and precise astrometry.

Aims. We aim to characterise 60 UCD candidates detected by Gaia in the solar neighbourhood with a spectroscopic follow-up to confirm that they are UCDs, as well as to identify peculiarities.

Methods. We acquired the near-infrared (NIR) spectra of 60 objects using the SOFI spectrograph between 0.93 and 2.5 µm (R~ 600). We identified their spectral types using a template-matching method. Their binarity is studied using astrometry and spectral features.

Results. We confirm that 60 objects in the sample have ultra-cool dwarf spectral types close to those expected from astrometry. Their NIR spectra reveal that seven objects could host an unresolved coolest companion and seven UCDs share the same proper motions as other stars. The characterisation of these UCDs is part of a coordinated effort to improve our understanding of the Solar neighbourhood.
Detection of pulsed X-ray emission from the isolated neutron star candidate eRASSU J131716.9–402647
Authors: Kurpas J. , Schwope A. D. , Pires A. M. , Haberl F.
Published: February 2024

The X-ray source eRASSU J131716.9–402647 was recently identified from observations with Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG)/eROSITA as a promising X-ray dim isolated neutron star (XDINS) candidate on the premise of a soft energy distribution, absence of catalogued counterparts, and a high X-ray-to-optical flux ratio. Here, we report the results of a multi-wavelength observational campaign with XMM-Newton, NICER and the FORS2 instrument at the ESO-VLT. We found in both the XMM-Newton and NICER data that the X-ray emission is strongly pulsed at a period of 12.757 s (pulsed fraction pf = (29.1 ± 2.6)% in the 0.2–2 keV band). The pulse profile is double-humped, and the pulsed fraction increases with energy. The XMM-Newton and NICER epochs allow us to derive a 3σ upper limit of Ṗ ≤ 8 × 10−11 s s−1 on the spin-down rate of the neutron star. The source spectrum is well described by a purely thermal continuum, either a blackbody with kT ∼ 95 eV or a magnetised neutron star atmosphere model with kT ∼ 35 eV. Similarly to other thermally emitting isolated neutron stars, we found in either case strong deviations from the continuum, a broad absorption feature at energy ∼260 eV and a narrow one around 590 eV. The FORS2 instrument at ESO-VLT has not detected the optical counterpart (mR > 27.5 mag, 5σ detection limit), implying an X-ray-to-optical flux ratio of 104 at least. The properties of eRASSU J131716.9–402647 strongly resemble those of a highly magnetised isolated neutron star and favour an XDINS or high-B pulsar nature.
Regolith resurfacing and shedding on spinning spheroidal asteroids: Dependence on the surface mechanical properties
Authors: Dai Wen-Yue , Yu Yang , Cheng Bin , Baoyin Hexi , Li Jun-Feng
Published: February 2024

Context. The Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect has been shown to effectively alter the rotational status of asteroids. The spin-up of the asteroid leads to surface instability and eventually triggers regolith failure, followed by landslide and mass shedding on the asteroid’s surface.

Aims. We explore the dynamics of the rotation-induced resurfacing and shedding, paying special attention to the dependence of post-shedding evolution on regolith mechanical properties, such as cohesion.

Methods. We propose a qualitative semi-analytical model to explore the post-failure dynamics of a fast-rotating asteroid. We also consider the interaction between the surface mass rearrangement and the asteroid’s spin status. We used our model to investigate the surface region where the failure occurs, as well as the total mass shed from the surface and the spin-down of the asteroid in this process.

Results. Based on our model, all the possible avalanche events following a regolith failure can be classified into four basic types: resurfacing (ReS), shedding and resurfacing (S&ReS), shed and bound (S-Bound), and shedding and escaping (S-Escp). Their corresponding regions in the parameter space are illustrated in this work. Our results show that although the regolith cohesion is very small (≲1–2 Pa), cohesion plays an important role in the onset of the avalanche. Moreover, our model qualitatively reconstructs the links between the regolith’s properties and the dynamical fates of the shed material. The timescale of YORP-induced shedding events is also discussed in this work.
Cosmic Vine: A z = 3.44 large-scale structure hosting massive quiescent galaxies
Authors: Jin Shuowen , Sillassen Nikolaj B. , Magdis Georgios E. , Brinch Malte , Shuntov Marko , Brammer Gabriel , Gobat Raphael , Valentino Francesco , Carnall Adam C. , Lee Minju , Vijayan Aswin P. , Gillman Steven , Kokorev Vasily , Le Bail Aurélien , Greve Thomas R. , Gullberg Bitten , Gould Katriona M. L. , Toft Sune
Published: February 2024

We report the discovery of a large-scale structure at z = 3.44 revealed by JWST data in the Extended Groth Strip (EGS) field. This structure, called the Cosmic Vine, consists of 20 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts at 3.43 < z < 3.45 and six galaxy overdensities (4 − 7σ) with consistent photometric redshifts, making up a vine-like structure extending over a ∼4 × 0.2 pMpc2 area. The two most massive galaxies (M* ≈ 1010.9 M⊙) of the Cosmic Vine are found to be quiescent with bulge-dominated morphologies (B/T > 70%). Comparisons with simulations suggest that the Cosmic Vine would form a cluster with halo mass Mhalo > 1014 M⊙ at z = 0, and the two massive galaxies are likely forming the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). The results unambiguously reveal that massive quiescent galaxies can form in growing large-scale structures at z > 3, thus disfavoring the environmental quenching mechanisms that require a virialized cluster core. Instead, as suggested by the interacting and bulge-dominated morphologies, the two galaxies are likely quenched by merger-triggered starburst or active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback before falling into a cluster core. Moreover, we found that the observed specific star formation rates of massive quiescent galaxies in z > 3 dense environments are one to two orders of magnitude lower than that of the BCGs in the TNG300 simulation. This discrepancy potentially poses a challenge to the models of massive cluster galaxy formation. Future studies comparing a large sample with dedicated cluster simulations are required to solve the problem.
Evolution of the relation between the mass accretion rate and the stellar and disk mass from brown dwarfs to stars
Authors: Almendros-Abad V. , Manara C. F. , Testi L. , Natta A. , Claes R. A. B. , Mužić K. , Sanchis E. , Alcalá J. M. , Bayo A. , Scholz A.
Published: February 2024

The time evolution of the dependence of the mass accretion rate with the stellar mass and the disk mass represents a fundamental way to understand the evolution of protoplanetary disks and the formation of planets. In this work, we present observations with X-shooter of 26 Class II very low-mass stars (< 0.2 M⊙) and brown dwarfs in the Ophiuchus, Chamaeleon-I, and Upper Scorpius star-forming regions. These new observations extend the measurement of the mass accretion rate down to spectral type (SpT) M9 (∼0.02 M⊙) in Ophiuchus and Chamaeleon-I and add 11 very-low-mass stars to the sample of objects previously studied with broadband spectroscopy in Upper Scorpius. We obtained the spectral type and extinction, as well as the physical parameters of the sources. We used the intensity of various emission lines in the spectra of these sources to derive the accretion luminosity and mass accretion rates for the entire sample. Combining these new observations with data from the literature, we compare relations between accretion and stellar and disk properties of four different star-forming regions with different ages: Ophiuchus (∼1 Myr), Lupus (∼2 Myr), Chamaeleon-I (∼3 Myr), and Upper Scorpius (5−12 Myr). We find the slopes of the accretion relationships (L* − Lacc, M∗ − Ṁacc) to steepen in the 1−3 Myr age range (i.e., between Ophiuchus, Lupus, and Chamaeleon-I) and that both relationships may be better described with a single power law. We find that previous claims for a double power-law behavior of the M∗ − Ṁacc relationship may have been triggered by the use of a different SpT–Teff scale. We also find the relationship between the protoplanetary disk mass and the mass accretion rate of the stellar population to steepen with time down to the age of Upper Scorpius. Overall, we observe hints of a faster evolution into low accretion rates of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. At the same time, we also find that brown dwarfs present higher Mdisk/Ṁacc ratios (i.e., longer accretion depletion timescales) than stars in Ophiuchus, Lupus, and Cha-I. This apparently contradictory result may imply that the evolution of protoplanetary disks around brown dwarfs may be different than what is seen in the stellar regime.
Secondary halo bias through cosmic time
Authors: Balaguera-Antolínez Andrés , Montero-Dorta Antonio D. , Favole Ginevra
Published: February 2024

Context. The spatial distribution of dark matter halos carries cosmological and astrophysical information. Cosmological information can be considered to be contained in the connection between halo main properties and the large-scale halo bias, while the astrophysical information would be encoded in the scaling relations between halo properties. The combination of these two contributions leads to the effect of secondary halo bias.

Aims. Our goal is to measure the signal of secondary halo bias as a function of a variety of intrinsic and environmental halo properties and to characterize its statistical significance as a function of cosmological redshift.

Methods. Using fixed and paired N-body simulations of dark-matter halos – the UNIT simulation – with masses above ∼1011 M⊙h−1 identified over a wide range of cosmological redshifts (0 < z < 5), we explored the behavior of the scaling relations among different halo properties. We included novel environmental properties based on the halo distribution as well as the underlying dark-matter field. We implemented an object-by-object estimator of large-scale effective bias and tested its validity against standard approaches. With a bias assigned to each tracer, we performed a statistical analysis aimed at characterizing the distribution of the bias and the signal of the secondary halo bias.

Results. We show how the halo scaling relations linking direct probes of the halo potential well do not depend on the environment. On the contrary, links between the halo mass and the so-called set of secondary halo properties are sensitive to the cosmological environment, mainly to under-dense regions. We show that the signal of secondary bias is derived statistically from secondary correlations beyond the standard link to the halo mass.

Conclusions. We show that the secondary bias arises through nonlocal and/or environmental properties related either to the halo distribution or to the properties of the underlying dark-matter field. In particular, properties such as the tidal field (a measure of the anisotropy of the density field) and the local Mach number (a measure of the local kinetic temperature of the halo distribution) generate the signals of the secondary bias with the highest significance. We propose applications of the assignment of individual bias for the generation of mock catalogs containing the signal of secondary bias, as well as a series of cosmological analyses aimed at mining large galaxy datasets.
Estudio de la influencia en la relación superficie/volumen durante el envejecimiento del Brandy de Jerez
Authors: Ollero Rocío Trillo , Gutiérrez Luis Miguel Trillo , Moreno M. Valme García , Sánchez Dominico A. Guillén
Published: February 2024

Uno de los parámetros físicos que más influye en la velocidad de envejecimiento de los aguardientes de vino, es la relación existente entre la superficie de la vasija y el volumen de líquido almacenado, En este trabajo se ha llevado a cabo el estudio de la importancia de la relación superficie/volumen en los procesos de extracción que tienen lugar durante la elaboración del Brandy de Jerez. Para ello se ha estudiado el envejecimiento de un aguardiente de 60% de grado alcohólico en vasijas de dos capacidades distintas, elaboradas en tres tipos de roble y envinadas y no envinadas previamente al envejecimiento. Los parámetros analizados en los aguardientes envejecidos han sido el Índice de Polifenoles Totales (IPT), los compuestos fenólicos individuales y el color. Estos valores están relacionados con el proceso de envejecimiento, aumentando a medida que lo hace el tiempo de estancia del aguardiente en las vasijas. Se ha observado que al aumentar la relación superficie/volumen, los aguardientes presentan mayores valores de estos parámetros, existiendo ligeras diferencias para cada tipo de roble estudiado. Por otro lado, el enviando de la vasija disminuye el aporte de compuestos fenólicos por parte de la madera al aguardiente.
Wine NFT cryptoassets: EU regulatory issues and market challenges
Authors: Jiménez Javier Ibáñez
Published: February 2024

The present paper examines the concept, legal nature and key legal issues faced by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) representing wine bottles to be marketed in decentralized secondary platforms qualified as organized marketplaces in accordance with the provisions of the ongoing provisions of the EU Market in Cryptoaset Regulation (hereinafter MiCA). The analysis is extended to essential market challenges posed by the aforementioned rules within the context of the functioning of wine token platforms in DLT (blockchain) public-permissioned networks (PPDLs). Specific MiCA compliance for NFT wine trading and the relationship between the property of the underlying deliverable wine and the credit rights of the token holder are aksi discussed under the perspective of MiCA stablecoin regulation and particular consumer law rules and principles, in order to efficiently organize markets to protect NFT holders, wine buyers and related rights of producers, distributors and intermediaries along the wine chain of value.
Entomopathogenicity ofSimplicillium lanosoniveumCG888 on Mortality ofCallosobruchus maculatusF. in vitro
Authors: Susanti Ambar , Hidayat Rohmat , Muhibuddin Anton
Published: February 2024

Research regardingSimplicillium lanosoniveumas an entomopathogen is still limited. The entomopathogenicity ofSimplicillium lanosoniveumCG888 with three different conidia density treatments, namely 1x106/ml, 1x107/ml, and 1x108/ml, was tested onCallosobruchus maculatusF. imago in the laboratory, incubated at 26-27°C, RH 70% and in the dark conditions. Based on the effect of conidia density,S. lanosoniveumCG888 at a density of 1x108conidia/ml caused greater mortality ofC. maculatusF, reaching 51.65% compared to other treatments and control. The influence of the length of time after inoculation was that there was 60.83%C. maculatusF. death on the 11thday. It was higher than the result on 3, 5, 7 and 9 days later. There was a positive interaction that the mortality ofC. maculatusF was influenced by the density ofS. lanosoniveumCG888 conidia and the period of days after inoculation. Among these treatments,S. lanosoniveumCG888 with 1x108/ml caused mortality of 86,7% inC. maculatuson day 11 after inoculation. The lowest mortality ofC. maculatusF. was in the density of 1x106conidia/ml of 70%. These findings indicate thatS. lanosoniveumCG888 can be used to controlC. maculatusF. safely and reduce the use of chemicals in soybean storage.
Bioactive Phytochemical Contents on Fruit Peel of Several Citrus Species
Authors: Budiarto Kurniawan , Andrini Anis , Budiyati Emi , Mariana Baiq Dina , Martasari Chaireni , Mas’udah Shofiyatul , Yulia Nina Dwi , Ikarini Imro’ah , Yulianti Farida
Published: February 2024

Citrus fruits contain important sources of bioactive compounds, including antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds that are beneficial for human health. These bioactive compounds also exist in non-edible fruit parts, like the peel. The research was conducted to evaluate these bioactive phytochemicals on the peels of different citrus species. The experiment was carried out from March to August 2018 at the citrus germplasm collection of the Indonesian Instrument Standard Assessment Institute for Citrus and Subtropical Fruits and The Central Laboratory of The Indonesian Instrument Standard Assessment Institute for Legumes and Tubers Crops. The steps of research methods included the preparation of extract samples, the determination of total flavonoids and phenol content, and the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The results showed that the bioactive content of the citrus peels of several citrus species was diverse among the studied citrus species. Tangerine citrus cv. Kintamani was observed to have a higher phenolic content. For flavonoid content, the peel of lime cv. Borneo had the highest and Mandarin cv. Satsuma showed the least. Higher DPPH radical-scavenging activity values were observed on Mandarin cv. Pachuan, tangerine cv. Kintamani, and pumello cv. Thn. The correlation between phenolic content and DPPH radical-scavenging activity was higher than that between phenolic-flavonoid and flavonoid-DPPH radical-scavenging activity, indicating the effect of active molecule structure on redox potential.
Solving reaction-diffusion problems with explicit Runge–Kutta exponential methods without order reduction
Authors: Cano Begoña , Moreta María Jesús
Published: February 2024

In this paper a technique is given to recover the classical order of the method when explicit exponential Runge–Kutta methods integrate reaction-diffusion problems. In the literature, methods of high enough stiff order for problems with vanishing boundary conditions have been constructed, but that implies restricting the coefficients and thus, the number of stages and the computational cost may significantly increase with respect to other methods without those restrictions. In contrast, the technique which is suggested here is cheaper because it just needs, for any method, to add some terms with information only on the boundaries. Moreover, time-dependent boundary conditions are directly tackled here.
On maximal Roman domination in graphs: complexity and algorithms
Authors: Shao Zehui , Song Yonghao , Liu Qiyun , Duan Zhixing , Jiang Huiqin
Published: February 2024

For a simple undirected connected graph G = (V, E), a maximal Roman dominating function (MRDF) of G is a function f : V (G) → {0, 1, 2} with the following properties: (i) For every vertex v ∈ {v ∈ V|f(v) = 0}, there exists a vertex u ∈ N(v) such that f(u) = 2. (ii) The set {v ∈ V|f(v) = 0} is not a dominating set of G; In other words, there exists a vertex v ∈ {v ∈ V|f(v) ≠ 0} such that N(v) ∩ {u ∈ V|f(u) = 0} ∅. The weight of an MRDF of G is the sum of its function values over all vertices, denoted as f(G) = ∑v∈V (G) f(v), and the maximal Roman domination number of G, denoted by γmR(G), is the minimum weight of an MRDF of G. In this paper, we establish some bounds of the maximal Roman domination number of graphs. Additionally, we develop an integer linear programming formulation to compute the maximal Roman domination number of any graph. Furthermore, we prove that maximal Roman domination problem (MRD) is NP-complete even restricted to star convex bipartite graphs and chordal bipartite graphs. Lastly, we show the maximal Roman domination number of threshold graphs, trees, and block graphs can be computed in linear time.
Bid-ask spread dynamics: large upward jump with geometric catastrophes
Authors: Cerda-Hernández Jose Javier , Logachov Artem , Yambartsev Anatoly
Published: February 2024

We propose a simple continuous-time stochastic model for capturing the dynamics of a limit order book in the presence of liquidity fluctuations, manifested by gaps in filled price levels within the OB. Inspired by [D. Farmer, L. Gillemot, F. Lillo, S. Mike and A. Sen, Quant. Finance 4 (2004) 383–397.], we define a model for the dynamics of spread that incorporates liquidity fluctuations and undertake a comprehensive theoretical study of the model’s properties, providing rigorous proofs of several key asymptotic theorems. Furthermore, we show how large deviations manifest in the spread under this regime.
Corona-Krise: Wie ist die Situation des Suchthilfesystems
danach?
Authors: Preuss Ulrich W.
Published: February 2024

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser

die Corona-Pandemie hat das Leben aller und auch von Patienten mit Alkohol- und
Substanzkonsumstörungen deutlich verändert. Mit ihr gingen
zahlreiche Einschränkungen und Veränderungen einher. Besonders
schwer getroffen wurden diejenigen, die ohnehin schon mit Abhängigkeiten zu
kämpfen hatten. Ein besonders dramatisches Beispiel ist der Fall eines
alkoholabhängigen Patienten, der jahrelang trocken war und von einem gut
funktionierenden Netzwerk aus Selbsthilfegruppe und Suchtberatungsstelle
unterstützt wurde.
Vitamin E Does not Favor Recovery After Exercises: Systematic Review
and Meta-analysis
Authors: de Lima Katieli Santos , Schuch Felipe , Righi Natiele Camponogara , Neto Léo José Rubin , Nunes Guilherme Silva , Puntel Gustavo , Chagas Patrícia , da Silva Antonio Marcos Vargas , Signori Luis Ulisses
Published: February 2024

This review aimed to verify the effects of vitamin E supplementation on oxidative
stress, inflammatory response, muscle damage, soreness, and strength in healthy
adults after exercise. We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane
CENTRAL, and Web of Science from inception to August 2023, with no language
restrictions. We included randomized placebo-controlled trials evaluating the
supplementation of vitamin E on the abovementioned outcomes after a bout of
physical exercise in healthy participants (no restriction for publication year
or language). Meta-analyses were conducted to compare vitamin E and placebo
supplementations to obtain a 95% confidence interval (95%IC).
Twenty studies were included (n=298 participants). The effect of
supplementation was assessed between 0 h and 96 h after the exercise. Compared
to placebo, vitamin E had no effects on lipid (95%IC=
–0.09 to 0.42), protein (–2.44 to 3.11), SOD (–1.05 to
0.23), interleukin-6 (–0.18 to 1.16), creatine kinase (–0.33 to
0.27), muscle soreness (–1.92 to 0.69), and muscle strength
(–1.07 to 0.34). Heterogeneity for the analyses on carbonyls,
interleukin-6 (1 h and 3 h), and muscle soreness ranged between 70 to
94%. Supplementing with vitamin E should not be recommended to support
the recovery process in healthy individuals after exercise, given the lack of
efficacy in the analyzed variables following an exercise session.
Structured image diagnosis of vertebral body degeneration and intervertebral disc damage – Binary image criteria and comparison for systematic image analysis for occupational diseases 2108 and 2110
Authors: Braunschweig Rainer , Kildal Daniela , Meyer-Clement Michael , Tiemann Andreas , Janka Rolf
Published: February 2024

Background Job-related limitations of earning capacity are eligible for recognition under social legislation and may be subject to compensation (see Part 1).

Method For the recognition of an occupational disease (BK), diagnostic imaging is required as part of the legal determination procedure for occupational diseases 2108/2110 (“occupational disc disease”). The focus is on image criteria on X-ray images and MRI examinations. In a consensus paper under the guidance of the German Social Accident Insurance Institutions from 2005, the characteristic patterns are defined and explained extensively and summarized in typical occupation-related constellations. This article presents representative image examples as a reference system for expert reporting as far as the typical patterns from the consensus paper are concerned.

Conclusion In Part 2, comparison images with the typical findings of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs according to occupational diseases are systematically presented, explained, and offered as a reference system for expert assessment. The image criteria can be used as “evidence by eye” (Heuck) in the recognition procedure.

Key Points

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