bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Battling against Protocol Fuzzing: Protecting Networked Embedded Devices from Dynamic Fuzzers
Authors: Liu Puzhuo , Zheng Yaowen , Sun Chengnian , Li Hong , Li Zhi , Sun Limin
Published: January 2024

N
etworked
E
mbedded
D
evices (NEDs) are increasingly targeted by cyberattacks, mainly due to their widespread use in our daily lives. Vulnerabilities in NEDs are the root causes of these cyberattacks. Although deployed NEDs go through thorough code audits, there can still be considerable exploitable vulnerabilities. Existing mitigation measures like code encryption and obfuscation adopted by vendors can resist static analysis on deployed NEDs, but are ineffective against protocol fuzzing. Attackers can easily apply protocol fuzzing to discover vulnerabilities and compromise deployed NEDs. Unfortunately, prior anti-fuzzing techniques are impractical as they significantly slow down NEDs, hampering NED availability.

To address this issue, we propose Armor—the first anti-fuzzing technique specifically designed for NEDs. First, we design three adversarial primitives–delay, fake coverage, and forged exception–to break the fundamental mechanisms on which fuzzing relies to effectively find vulnerabilities. Second, based on our observation that inputs from normal users consistent with the protocol specification and certain program paths are rarely executed with normal inputs, we design static and dynamic strategies to decide whether to activate the adversarial primitives. Extensive evaluations show that Armor incurs negligible time overhead and effectively reduces the code coverage (e.g., line coverage by 22%-61%) for fuzzing, significantly outperforming the state of the art.
Mapping APIs in Dynamic-typed Programs by Leveraging Transfer Learning
Authors: Huang Zhenfei , Chen Junjie , Jiang Jiajun , Liang Yihua , You Hanmo , Li Fengjie
Published: January 2024

Application Programming Interface (API) migration is a common task for adapting software across different programming languages and platforms, where manually constructing the mapping relations between APIs is indeed time-consuming and error-prone. To facilitate this process, many automated API mapping approaches have been proposed. However, existing approaches were mainly designed and evaluated for mapping APIs of statically-typed languages, while their performance on dynamically-typed languages remains unexplored.

In this article, we conduct the first extensive study to explore existing API mapping approaches’ performance for mapping APIs in dynamically-typed languages, for which we have manually constructed a high-quality dataset. According to the empirical results, we have summarized several insights. In particular, the source code implementations of APIs can significantly improve the effectiveness of API mapping. However, due to the confidentiality policy, they may not be available in practice. To overcome this, we propose a novel API mapping approach, namedMatl, which leverages the transfer learning technique to learn the semantic embeddings of source code implementations from large-scale open-source repositories and then transfers the learned model to facilitate the mapping of APIs. In this way,Matlcan produce more accurate API embedding of its functionality for more effective mapping without knowing the source code of the APIs. To evaluate the performance ofMatl, we have conducted an extensive study by comparingMatlwith state-of-the-art approaches. The results demonstrate thatMatlis indeed effective as it improves the state-of-the-art approach by at least 18.36% for mapping APIs of dynamically-typed language and by 30.77% for mapping APIs of the statically-typed language.
Report on the SIGIR 2023 Session on Diversity, Equity and Inclusivity
Authors: Verberne Suzan , Suleman Hussein , Soldaini Luca , Ghosh Avijit
Published: January 2024

For SIGIR 2023, DEI was approached from 3 perspectives: engagement with organizers on DEI aspects; DEI grants; and a DEI session at the conference. The DEI session took place on July 25 in Taipei, Taiwan and was attended by around 100 participants, mostly in-person. This year's session form was a round-table discussion in groups. This document provides a summary of the topics discussed and recommendations made; and reflects on conference organization and grant activities.

Date
: 25 July 2023.

Website
: https://sigir.org/sigir2023/.
Report on the 1st Workshop on Implicit Author Characterization from Texts for Search and Retrieval (IACT 2023) at SIGIR 2023
Authors: Litvak Marina , Rabaev Irina , Campos Ricardo , Jorge Alípio M. , Jatowt Adam
Published: January 2024

The first edition of the International Workshop on Implicit Author Characterization from Texts for Search and Retrieval (IACT'23) was held on July 27
th
, 2023, in conjunction with the 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) in Taipei, Taiwan. To support both online and in-person participation, the workshop was held as a hybrid event. Online participation was allowed using the EventX platform. During the course of the day, about 15 attendees had the opportunity to follow up and discuss the recent advances in topics related to identifying and extracting implicit information about authors (e.g., human or AI) from texts and using it in IR tasks. The workshop program included two invited keynotes, four paper presentations, and the report of the ColiE competition which was held as a part of the workshop1. The proceedings of the workshop are available online at https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3477/.

Date
: 27 July 2023.

Website
: https://en.sce.ac.il/news/iact23.
Report on the PhD Symposium at CIKM 2023
Authors: Liu Haiming , Bauer Christine
Published: January 2024

The PhD Symposium was held successfully at the 32nd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM 2023). A total of 22 people attended online or in person at the whole day event, which included two chairs, six mentors, nine students, and five panelists. Five people attended online, and 17 people attended in person. The sessions contain Chairs' opening and closing addresses, student talks, a panel session, and mentoring sessions. The feedback was very positive, especially about the lively discussion and the quality of work.

Date
: 21 October 2023.

Website
: https://uobevents.eventsair.com/cikm2023/phd-symposium-programme---saturday-21st-october.
Review—Metal Oxide Chemoresistive Gas Sensing Mechanism, Parameters, and Applications
Authors: Pathania Abhilash , Dhanda Neetu , Verma Ritesh , Sun An-Cheng Aidan , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul
Published: January 2024

The economic growth of any country depends upon the MSMEs as it plays a vital role in GDP and employment. The transportation is considered as the lifeline of the country. Hence due to developing countries, the industries and vehicles are continuously increasing to fulfil industrial or domestic requirements. But unfortunately, industries and vehicles emit harmful gases as exhaust to the environment. Which directly or indirectly impact the human health. Fresh and clean air is the prime need of the society. Hence the monitoring of different gas concentrations in the environment is very essential to take preventive steps to control air pollution. The traditional method of monitoring the air quality is very expensive, hence most of the countries have limited air monitoring stations. In the field of nanotechnology, scientists have developed different types of soft metal oxide materials that are capable of sensing different gases at low concentrations and can work in different environmental conditions. For the last 10 years, ferrite-based sensors have the primarily used to detect harmful gases, and pollutants from vehicle exhaust, and environmental pollution monitoring. These soft ferrites have excellent electrical and magnetic properties that can also be tuned according to the requirement of the sensor to increase sensitivity and selectivity. The tuning of ferrite sensors depends upon synthesis technique, optimizing preparation conditions, sintering temperatures, operating temperatures, dopant concentration, etc This paper is based on a deep study of the synthesis techniques of nano-ferrites, different types of gas sensors, gas sensing mechanisms, parameters, and application of chemo-resistive metal oxide gas sensors. The key parameters for the ferrite gas sensors are phase formation, crystallite size, grain size, surface area, selectivity, dopants, sensitivity, gas concentration, operating temperature, and response/recovery time. This review paper also includes the study of different researchers to find the impact of high concentrations of gases like hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), ethylene glycol

(
CH

2

OH
)

2

,

methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) liquid petroleum gas (LPG), acetylene (C2H2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the environment and the metal oxide materials selected for the sensor application.
Inhibition of visceral adipose tissue-derived pathogenic signals by activation of adenosine A2AR improves hepatic and cardiac dysfunction of NASH mice
Authors: Huang Chia-Chang , Yeh Hsiao-Yun , Lin Roger , Liao Tsai-Ling , Shen Hsiao-Chin , Yang Ying-Ying , Lin Han-Chieh
Published: January 2024

Protective role of adenosine A2AR receptor (A2AR) and AC-cAMP-PKA signaling against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) possibly via its actions on adipocytes is well known in the past decade. Thus, this study evaluates pharmacological activities of A2AR agonist PSB0777, which has already demonstrated to treat NASH. In this study, the inhibition of visceral adipose tissue-derived pathogenic signals by activation of adenosine A2AR with A2AR agonist PSB0777 improves the hepatic and cardiac dysfunction of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH mice.
NHE3 inhibitor tenapanor maintains intestinal barrier function, decreases visceral hypersensitivity, and attenuates TRPV1 signaling in colonic sensory neurons
Authors: King Andrew J. , Chang Lin , Li Qian , Liu Liansheng , Zhu Yaohui , Pasricha Pankaj J. , Wang Ji , Siegel Matthew , Caldwell Jeremy S. , Edelstein Susan , Rosenbaum David P. , Kozuka Kenji
Published: January 2024

A series of nonclinical experiments support the theory that tenapanor inhibits IBS-C-related pain by strengthening the intestinal barrier. Tenapanor treatment reduced visceral motor responses to nonsensitized levels in two rat models of hypersensitivity and reduced responses to capsaicin in sensitized colonic nociceptive dorsal root ganglia neurons. Intestinal permeability experiments in human colon monolayer cultures found that tenapanor attenuates increases in permeability induced by either inflammatory cytokines or fecal supernatants from patients with IBS-C.
Two-pore potassium channel TREK-1 (K2P2.1) regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activity in macrophages
Authors: Immanuel Camille N. , Teng Bin , Dong Brittany E. , Gordon Elizabeth M. , Luellen Charlean , Lopez Benjamin , Harding Jeffrey , Cormier Stephania A. , Fitzpatrick Elizabeth A. , Schwingshackl Andreas , Waters Christopher M.
Published: January 2024

Because of the importance of potassium efflux in inflammasome activation, we investigated the role of the two-pore potassium (K2P) channel TREK-1 in macrophage inflammasome activity. Using primary alveolar macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages from wild-type and TREK-1–/– mice, we measured responses to inflammasome priming (using LPS) and activation (LPS + ATP). Our results suggest that TREK-1 is an important regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages.
Performance Analysis of Two Different Types of Waiting Queues with Working Vacations
Authors: Sundararaman M. , Narasimhan D. , Rajadurai P.
Published: January 2024

This work examines a new class of working vacation queueing models that contain regular (original) and retrial waiting queues. Upon arrival, a customer either starts their service instantly if the server is available, or they join the regular queue if the server is occupied. When it is empty, the server departs the system to take a working vacation (WV). The server provides services more slowly during the WV period. New customers join the retry queue (orbit), if the server is on vacation. The supplementary variable technique (SVT) examines the steady-state probability generating functions (PGFs) of queue size for different server states. Several system performances are numerically displayed, including system state probabilities, mean busy cycles, mean queue lengths, sensitivity analysis, and cost optimization values. The motivation for this model in a pandemic situation is to analyze new healthcare service systems and reflect the characteristics of patient services.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Accidents outside Urban Areas in Sistan and Baluchestan Province
Authors: Mardanian Siroos , Bahari Arman
Published: January 2024

Road accidents have become one of the most controversial issues in the field of transportation due to heavy human and financial costs to families and countries. For this reason, analyzing the effective factors in increasing this type of accident is highly significant. The present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the occurrence and increase of road accidents in the Sistan and Baluchestan province. In this descriptive study, the factors affecting road accidents in Sistan and Baluchestan province were classified into human factors, vehicle status, road status, and environmental factors after studying and interviewing experts familiar with the subject. In this study, the pairwise comparison questionnaire and network analysis process technique were used to collect data and rank its criteria and indicators. In addition, 30 people were selected as the sample size related to the specialists and experts. The findings indicated, human factors are the most significant factor in increasing road accidents in Sistan and Baluchestan province, while vehicle status, road status, and environment were in the second to fourth ranks, respectively. Furthermore, decision‐making was in the first rank, while the ability of sight and hearing power, haste, high speed, as well as tire wear and air were in the next rank.
Exact Null Controllability of String Equations with Neumann Boundaries
Authors: Cui Lizhi , Lu Jing
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on the exact null controllability of a one-dimensional wave equation in noncylindrical domains. Both the fixed endpoint and the moving endpoint are Neumann-type boundary conditions. The control is put on the moving endpoint. When the speed of the moving endpoint is less than the characteristic speed, we can obtain the exact null controllability of this equation by using the Hilbert uniqueness method. In addition, we get a sharper estimate on controllability time that depends on the speed of the moving endpoint.
KLRG1 Cell Depletion as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Patients with Mature T-Cell Lymphoma Subtypes
Authors: Assatova Bimarzhan , Willim Robert , Trevisani Christopher , Haskett Garrett , Kariya Khyati Maulik , Chopra Kusha , Park Sung Rye , Tolstorukov Michael Yevgeniy , McCabe Sean M. , Duffy Jessica , Louissaint Abner , Huuhtanen Jani , Bhattacharya Dipabarna , Mustjoki Satu , Koh Min Jung , Powers Foster , Morgan Elizabeth A. , Yang Lei , Pinckney Brandy , Cotton Matthew J. , Crabbe Andrew , Ziemba Jessica Beth , Brain Ian , Heavican-Foral Tayla B. , Iqbal Javeed , Nemec Ronald , Rider Anna Baird , Ford Josie Germain , Koh Min Ji , Scanlan Nora , Feith David J. , Loughran Thomas P. , Kim Won Seog , Choi Jaehyuk , Roels Juliette , Boehme Lena , Putteman Tom , Taghon Tom , Barnes Jeffrey A. , Johnson P. Connor , Jacobsen Eric D. , Greenberg Steven A. , Weinstock David M. , Jain Salvia
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

Develop a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with subtypes of mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms.

Experimental Design:

Primary specimens, cell lines, patient-derived xenograft models, commercially available, and proprietary anti-KLRG1 antibodies were used for screening, target, and functional validation.

Results:

Here we demonstrate that surface KLRG1 is highly expressed on tumor cells in subsets of patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), and gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma (G/D TCL). The majority of the CD8+/CD57+ or CD3−/CD56+ leukemic cells derived from patients with T- and NK-large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL and NK-LGLL), respectively, expressed surface KLRG1. The humanized afucosylated anti-KLRG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb208) optimized for mouse in vivo use depleted KLRG1+ TCL cells by mechanisms of ADCC, ADCP, and CDC rather than apoptosis. mAb208 induced ADCC and ADCP of T-LGLL patient-derived CD8+/CD57+ cells ex vivo. mAb208 effected ADCC of subsets of healthy donor-derived KLRG1+ NK, CD4+, CD8+ Tem, and TemRA cells while sparing KLRG1− naïve and CD8+ Tcm cells. Treatment of cell line and TCL patient-derived xenografts with mAb208 or anti-CD47 mAb alone and in combination with the PI3K-δ/γ inhibitor duvelisib extended survival. The depletion of macrophages in vivo antagonized mAb208 efficacy.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest the potential benefit of a broader treatment strategy combining therapeutic antibodies with PI3Ki for the treatment of patients with mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms.

See related commentary by Varma and Diefenbach, p. 2300
Unveiling Liquid Gold: Lymph as an HPV Marker in OPSCC to Guide Treatment Decisions
Authors: Shannon Nicholas B. , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna
Published: January 2024

Distinguishing low- versus high-risk HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is pivotal for tailoring treatment. Liquid biopsy, measuring cell-free HPV-DNA in serum and saliva, assesses treatment response and early-recurrence risk. Postoperative lymphatic fluid may better guide future adjuvant therapy decisions due to its proximity to primary lesions and lymph nodes.

See related article by Earland et al., p. 1409
Data from Long-Range Epigenetic Silencing Associates with Deregulation of Ikaros Targets in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Javierre Biola M. , Rodriguez-Ubreva Javier , Al-Shahrour Fatima , Corominas Marina , Graña Osvaldo , Ciudad Laura , Agirre Xabier , Pisano David G. , Valencia Alfonso , Roman-Gomez Jose , Calasanz Maria Jose , Prosper Felipe , Esteller Manel , Gonzalez-Sarmiento Rogelio , Ballestar Esteban
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Transcription factors are common targets of epigenetic inactivation in human cancer. Promoter hypermethylation and subsequent silencing of transcription factors can lead to further deregulation of their targets. In this study, we explored the potential epigenetic deregulation in cancer of Ikaros family genes, which code for essential transcription factors in cell differentiation and exhibit genetic defects in hematologic neoplasias. Unexpectedly, our analysis revealed that Ikaros undergoes very specific promoter hypermethylation in colorectal cancer, including in all the cell lines studied and around 64% of primary colorectal adenocarcinomas, with increasing proportions in advanced Duke's stages. Ikaros hypermethylation occurred in the context of a novel long-range epigenetic silencing (LRES) region. Reintroduction of Ikaros in colorectal cancer cells, ChIP-chip analysis, and validation in primary samples led us to identify a number of direct targets that are possibly related with colorectal cancer progression. Our results not only provide the first evidence that LRES can have functional specific effects in cancer but also identify several deregulated Ikaros targets that may contribute to progression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Res; 9(8); 1139–51. ©2011 AACR.
FIGURE 5 from Lung Fibroblasts Take up Breast Cancer Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Partially Through MEK2-dependent Macropinocytosis
Authors: Wan Yuhao , Zhao Yue , Cao Minghui , Wang Jingyi , Tran Sheila V. , Song Zhixuan , Hsueh Brent W. , Wang Shizhen Emily
Published: January 2024

Trametinib interferes with macropinocytosis in lung fibroblasts while Copanlisib interferes with both macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. A, Quantification of the cellular uptake of indicated markers with or without Copanlisib or Trametinib treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 wells per group; 5 images per well). Faint symbols represent all 15 images per group. Dark symbols represent the mean value from each well. **, P < 0.01; ns, not significant. B, Representative images of the cellular uptake of indicated markers. Images were captured at 10 ×. Green, FITC-transferrin, Alexa488-BSA or FITC-dextran; blue, Hoechst 33342. Scale bar, 100 µm.
Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Relapsed or Refractory ETV6/RUNX1-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Hu Guan-hua , Zhang Xiao-hui , Liu Kai-yan , Xu Lan-ping , Wang Yu , Cheng Yi-fei , Huang Xiao-jun
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The role of haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) in pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) ETV6/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and explore the role of haplo-HSCT in the treatment of ETV6/RUNX1-positive ALL. Methods: We analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of 20 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with ETV6/RUNX1-positive ALL and received chemotherapy/chimeric antigen receptor T-cell bridged to haplo-HSCT between 2016 and 2021 at our institution. Results: With a median follow-up time of 47 months, the 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 35.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 15.3–57.1%), 59.1% (95% CI: 37.2–81.0%), and 75.0% (95% CI: 56.0–94.0%), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that pre-HSCT measurable residual disease (MRD) positivity (hazard ratio, 13.275; 95% CI: 2.406–73.243; p = 0.003) had a significant negative impact on relapse. A total of 7 patients experienced positive ETV6/RUNX1 gene expression at a median of 7.2 months after haplo-HSCT, and 5 of them experienced relapse at a median time of 12.1 months after haplo-HSCT. ROC curve analysis was performed to analyze the significance of pre-HSCT and post-HSCT ETV6/RUNX1 transcripts for predicting relapse; the AUC were 0.798 (95% CI: 0.567–1.0, p = 0.035) and 0.875 (95% CI: 0.690–1.0, p = 0.008), respectively. The optimal cut-off points to predict an inevitable relapse were 0.011% and 0.0019%, respectively. Conclusion: Patients with R/R ETV6/RUNX1-positive ALL may benefit from haplo-HSCT. Deeply eliminating pre-HSCT MRD and preemptive treatment for post-HSCT MRD may be crucial to further improving the prognosis.
Determinants Factors Related to Patient Satisfaction with Laboratory Services at Permata Hati General Hospital
Authors: Wangi Ni Putu Ayu Cendana , Prihatiningsih Diah , Nopita Wati Ni  Made , Cahyani Anak Agung Ayu Eka , Yanti Ni Luh Gede Puspita
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The quality of healthcare services is a crucial factor in the success of a hospital. Healthcare services are considered high-quality when they generate satisfaction for the patients served. This research aims to identify factors related to patient satisfaction with laboratory services. Methods: The research used a quantitative approach with a correlational research design and a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The sample size used in this research is 98 patients. The instrument used in this study is a patient satisfaction questionnaire consisting of 25 items. The questionnaire has been validated and has good reliability, with validity test values ranging from 0.477 to 0.980 and a reliability value of 0.913. Data processing in this research uses Chi-square and Rank Spearman tests. Results: The results of the study indicate that there is no relationship between age (p=0.100), gender (p=0.133), education (p=0.594), marital status (p=0.151), and occupation (p=0.155) with patient satisfaction. Conclusion: It can be concluded that age, gender, education, marital status, and occupation do not have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction with the services provided.
Penerapan Alat Bantu Pengaduk dan Manajemen Rantai Pasok untuk UMKM Pembuat Rendang
Authors: Libyawati Wina , Mahandika Dhidik Mahandika , Pane Erlanda Augupta , Usman Yulita Veranda Usman
Published: January 2024

This community service program aims to solve the unstandardized production process and the high bargaining power from suppliers in rendang making for Small, Micro, and Medium Businesses (MSMEs). The appropriate technology and consultation training implementation are the applied method in achieving the goal. Therefore, the main problems to be solved are uniformity mixture between seasoning and meat during cooking process within 4-5 hours and low management skill to organize the supply chain components. The results are a uniform mixture of all ingredients and SMMB has basic supply chain management skills. The stirring process with constant speed and intermittent monitoring process during the entire cooking process produces the uniformity mixture. The SMMB is equipped with the skill to identify the supply chain components in the form of compact map. This community service program can blend technology and management implementation into interconnected activities to increase the MSMEs competitiveness, unlike similar community service program.
The New Age of Artificial Intelligence Regards Bharat and World Affairs
Authors: Chamoli Amit
Published: January 2024

There is a flood of modern machines in the world, whose form has been taken by AI, it is entering the life of every person, whether it is your TV or fridge, it is visible in every field, from automobile to mobiles phone. Everyone has become accustomed to AI. The special thing is that in this era of modernity, the help of AI is being taken to increase the yield of agriculture. Farmers are able to spray their crops through drones. So in the same world, AI is also being used in large quantities in the fields of war like drone missile, guided missile, satellite missile etc. This AI is moving towards the new future of the world by which either peace will be established in the future or a devastating war will be fought.

Although AI is likely to be operated by humans only because if this does not happen then the future of the world will be in the hands of AI.

But given the various AI stages, this can only be imagined The Russia-Ukraine war is now at a more disastrous stage, in such a situation, what role AI can play in the search for peace remains to be seen. Due to differences with you and hunger for expansion, today the world is once again at a disastrous stage, among them China - Taiwan, Isreal-Iran etc. countries are standing on the front-line regarding the war against each other. Which cannot be seen normally. The related research paper attracts more attention to this and also questions the utility of AI. Although it will prove useful in some areas, can Ai be used for peace instead of war?

it remains to be known
Ila Hadal Walaal: A Traditional Reconciliation Model for Healing Somalia's Wounds
Authors: Hersi Abdullahi Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Reconciliation involves rebuilding relationships among people and groups in society and between the state and its citizens. The protracted conflict in Somalia had devastating effects on Somali citizens. Formulating a genuine social reconciliation model that can contribute to trauma healing, trust building, and an enabled environment for forgiveness and sharing narratives continues to pose daunting challenges to peace and state-building in Somalia. This paper provides analytical thinking by coalescing traditional Somali reconciliation approaches and modern peace-building principles. It attempts to establish a new model based on Somali cultural norms and values. The paper pinpoints the legal, institutional, and political issues that are prerequisite for any viable and successful social reconciliation. It recommends capacity development of public institutions mandated to facilitate and oversee national, regional, and local reconciliation exercises while underscoring the pivotal role of women and other members of civil society.
The Distinction Among Political Humor Meme Creators in the Political Field of The 2019 Presidential Campaign for The Jokowi-Amin Pairing on Twitter
Authors: Febriana Ajeng Iva Dwi , Wahid Umaimah , Seran Alexander
Published: January 2024

Political meme creators play an important role in conveying political messages, shaping public opinion as well as the practice of decision making through the political memes produced. Political memes circulating on various social media during the campaign period of the 2019 Presidential Election 2019 largely contain hate speech, hoax and character assassination. Nearing the grand campaign for the 2019 presidential election, political memes were popping up everywhere, containing humorous narratives in conveying political messages and support to the 2019 Jokowi-Amin pairing, which were distinct when compared to political memes in general. This study aimed to explore distinct actions by political humor meme creators around the grand campaign for the 2019 presidential election for the 2019 Jokowi-Amin pairing on Twitter. This study used a qualitative approach with the case study method. Primary data were obtained from observations and in-depth interviews with political humor meme creators who produced political humor memes nearing the grand campaign for Jokowi-Amin. Secondary data were sourced from digital materials (political memes, political humor memes, videos, and digital media). The results showed that the distinct behaviors displayed by these political humor meme creators influenced by habitus and capital aspects which aim to describe tastes and form classes in their social structure. Tastes are not only limited to consumption patterns of food, clothing and culture, but also include political ways of political humor meme creators who use humorous narratives in political memes to show their social class by not resorting to hate speech in winning the Jokowi-Amin pairing.
Reflections on Photos of Political Power and Public Perception of the Joko Widodo-K.H. Ma'ruf Amin and Prabowo Subianto-Sandiaga Uno Victory Declaration Photos
Authors: Senaharjanta Ignasius Liliek , Ronda Andi Mirza , Dua Mikhael
Published: January 2024

Photography can be used as a means to convey a narrative or a message behind the presented visuals. In the context of political communication, narrative has the power to influence and win opinions. In regard to this, one particular political narrative at which it is interesting to take a closer look among the political moments in Indonesia is the victory declaration in the 2019 Presidential Election contest. Victory declaration is a political phenomenon that occurred in the 2014 and 2019 Presidential Elections. In both occasions this event led to riots.

Based on the description above, the research questions are: (1) How is visual photography produced as a medium to convey narratives within political message? and (2) How does the public as viewers or recipients of political messages perceive political messages in the visual form? This study aimed to identify the meaning of political narratives and the interrelationships of photography in the political context in Indonesia.

The method employed in this study was Paul Ricœur’s Hermeneutics, with reference to semantic understanding, reflective understanding and existential understanding. An interpretive paradigm with data sources in the form of declaration photos, interviews with photographers and viewers.

Our results showed that political success depends on individual aspects in carrying out their roles. In this context these roles of the individuals refer to political figures, agents and supporters. Interrelationships between roles in such group of individuals mainly revolve around cooperation in realizing common prosperity in political goals.

This study concludes that cooperation between politicians, agents and supporters must be guided by political ethics as the main guideline for behaving and acting for the sake of achieving common prosperity. In addition, the use of technology in politics must be guided by ethics as an effort to realize a political system that is just, responsible, trustworthy, and meets the moral standards expected by society. Together, individuals, including politicians, agents and society, broadly play the role of moral agents to achieve politics with integrity, honesty and trustworthiness.
Branding Untirta Jawara and HITS and Green Campus Through Media Rel
Authors: Widyastuti Nurprapti Wahyu , Winangsih Rahmi , Aisah Dinda
Published: January 2024

Sustainable development in the field of environmentally sound education is contained in SDGs No. 4, (Quality Education), and SDGs No. 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure). Untirta as an agent of chanre embodies a superior Untirta with environmental insight. Untirta's branding efforts are still partial and not optimal, therefore Untirta's vision must be understood by all stakeholders and internalized in every academic community. This study aims to determine the strategy of Branding Untirta Jawara as a Healthy, Integrated, Smart and Green (HITS and Green) Campus through a Media Relations Approach. Case study research methods, data obtained through interviews, observations and Focus group discussions. In formulating, designing and building the Untirta brand begins with the implementation of an analysis of three main parties, namely: Customers (consumer audit), Competitors (competitor audit) and Internal Stakeholders (internal audit). The research resource persons are Rectors and former Rectors, Public Relations, Lecturers, Employees and students of Untirta. To check the data, interviews were conducted with media partners, local governments and industry. The results showed that Untirta Branding was built through visual identity and brand activation process. Untirta's external branding is carried out through good relations with local and national media. To get the benefits of publication, a publication barter strategy is used, participating in the reporting of partner events at local and national events.
Accounting and Tax Model for UMKM as Individual Taxpayers based on SAK EMKM and PP No 55 of 2022 Concerning Adjustments to Arrangements in the Field of Income Tax
Authors: Pesik Heidy , Wauran Anita Ludia Vivian , Rengku Jeffry Otniel , Santie Johannes Kristoffel , Kaunang Anneke Marie , Langi Treesje Amelia Clara , Sondakh Nixon
Published: January 2024

The existence of tax regulations in the field of income tax results in changes to the tax obligations of individual MSME business actors in the tax obligation mechanism, especially in determining the tax base for determining the tax payable, as regulated in Government Regulation No. 50 of 2022 concerning adjustments to regulations in the field of taxation which regulate income. taxable up to a turnover of IDR 500,000,000 for individual taxpayers as well as MSME entities.Where this regulation will be implemented starting January 1 2022, so the need for an accounting and tax model is really needed by MSME business actors in carrying out their tax obligations in accordance with the current regulations. Where as a basis for reporting tax obligations, an accounting report is needed as the basis for calculating tax obligations.This research aims to produce an Accounting Report design model based on Accounting Standards for Small and Medium Enterprise Entities (MSMEs) as taxpayers as well as a Tax report model that is in line with Government Regulation Number 55 of 2022 concerning adjustments to Regulations in the Income Tax Sector which are derived from the regulations of Law No. 7 in 2021 regarding the harmonization of tax regulations, in order to assist MSMEs in carrying out their tax obligations. The final result of this research is to produce an accounting and tax model that is in accordance with the EMKM regulations and PP No. 55 of 2022.
The Analysis of Public Service Management in Kota Serang. The Study of the online Application “RABEG” (Reaksi atas Berita Warga)
Authors: Nizar Indra , Hasanah Budi , Annisarizki Annisarizki , Mulyati Budi
Published: January 2024

The application of RABEG, is one of the media used to improve the services for people in Kota Serang. Howerver, its implementation has many problems, as reflected in the responses and assessments from users on the playstore platform, regarding the Rabeg application. The assessment given to this application was low, only 1.6 on a scale of 5. This research aimed to analyse the public service management in Kota Serang, focusing on the online Rabeg application. The research used descriptive qualitative approach, referred to the theoretical framework from Indrajit. It identified six important indicators; content development, competency building, connectivity, cyber law, citizen interface and capital. The data source were literature from books, mass media, official government documents, official website, the play store platform, and related journals. The findings of the research showed that the management of public services of Rabeg application was face with several obstacles and shortcomings. So the optimizing of public services from this application had not fully achieved.
Mensurando e avaliando os efeitos de um choque de incerteza da política econômica sobre a economia brasileira
Authors: Silva Pierre Hítalo Nascimento , Besarria Cássio da Nóbrega , Silva Maria Daniella de Oliveira Pereira da
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem o propósito de criar um índice capaz de mensurar o grau de incerteza da política econômica no Brasil. Esse índice será construído a partir da estimação do sentimento textual contido nas atas de reuniões do Copom, considerando o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2018. Posteriormente, analisa-se como um choque de incerteza afeta a dinâmica de um conjunto de variáveis macroeconômicas por meio de um Modelo de Vetores Autorregressivos com restrição de sinais. Foi possível verificar que o aumento da incerteza tem efeitos contracionistas típicos, promovendo redução no consumo e na atividade econômica.
Continuar Henri Meschonnic
Authors: Faleiros Álvaro Silveira , Mendes Rafael Costa , Zular Roberto
Published: January 2024

Editorial do dossiê 37 da revista Criação&Crítica.
A ética da tradução, o sujeito do poema, e o ritmo
Authors: Kim Ji Yun
Published: January 2024

Este artigo visa discutir sobre a ética da tradução no horizonte epistemológico, distinguindo-a dos códigos morais, apoiando-se nos pensamentos de Benedict de Spinoza sobre a questão da ética, e de Émile Benveniste sobre a relação entre a subjetividade e a linguagem. E com a visão de que a ética da tradução é sobre boa tradução, e que boa tradução é aquela que liberta o sujeito do poema enquanto a subjetivação máxima da tradução, pretende chegar à observação, com a base do pensamento de Henri Meschonnic, de que a ética da tradução é a tradução do ritmo no qual o sujeito do poema surge.
Tal como uma visita à galeria do sinistro: The art of pulp horror
Authors: Berchez Amanda
Published: January 2024

JONES, Stephen (Ed.). The Art of Pulp Horror (An illustrated history). Foreword by Robert Silverberg Applause Books, Elephant Book Company Ltd., 2020, 256 pages.
Immune-Neurovascular Interactions in Experimental Perinatal and Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mallard Carina , Ferriero Donna M. , Vexler Zinaida S.
Published: January 2024

Emerging clinical and preclinical data have demonstrated that the pathophysiology of arterial ischemic stroke in the adult, neonates, and children share similar mechanisms that regulate brain damage but also have distinct molecular signatures and involved cellular pathways due to the maturational stage of the central nervous system and the immune system at the time of the insult. In this review, we discuss similarities and differences identified thus far in rodent models of 2 different diseases—neonatal (perinatal) and childhood arterial ischemic stroke. In particular, we review acquired knowledge of the role of resident and peripheral immune populations in modulating outcomes in models of perinatal and childhood arterial ischemic stroke and the most recent and relevant findings in relation to the immune-neurovascular crosstalk, and how the influence of inflammatory mediators is dependent on specific brain maturation stages. Finally, we discuss the current state of treatments geared toward age-appropriate therapies that signal via the immune-neurovascular interaction and consider sex differences to achieve successful translation.
New Picture Stimuli for the NIH Stroke Scale: A Validation Study
Authors: Stockbridge Melissa D. , Kelly Lindsey , Newman-Norlund Sarah , White Brian , Bourgeois Marianne , Rothermel Elizabeth , Fridriksson Julius , Lyden Patrick D. , Hillis Argye E.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale is a widely accepted tool for structured graded neurological examination of stroke or suspected stroke in the hyperacute setting. Concerns have arisen about the use of its picture stimuli in a contemporary and global health context. Here, we present new stimuli prepared to serve the needs of stroke providers worldwide: the precarious painter image description and updated objects for naming.

METHODS:

This was a validation study of 101 healthy fluent English speakers. Participants were reached by the Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center, the University of South Carolina, and Prisma Health from 2022 to 2023 and included residents of the United States, Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Zambia. Participants were recorded in person or via video conferencing when asked to describe the new picture, while a subset named seven illustrations. Multivariate analyses of variance were used for primary analyses. In a complementary investigation, 299 attendees of the 2023 International Stroke Conference were asked about their preference for the existing or new stimuli and why.

RESULTS:

Each of the 44 content units from the picture description was included by at least 5% of respondents in the demographically representative subsample. Performance was similar across healthy participants irrespective of age, sex, race, ethnicity, or education. Typical descriptions were characterized by an average of 23 content units (SD=5) conveyed with 167 syllables (SD=79). The new naming stimuli were recognized by 100% of participants from many countries as being familiar and identifiable, and names provided in response to the task were highly convergent. The majority of stroke health care providers preferred both the precarious painter and naming stimuli.

CONCLUSIONS:

The description of the new National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale picture, the precarious painter, results in rich samples among healthy speakers that will provide an appropriate basis for the detection of language deficits.
Net Clinical Benefit of Oral Anticoagulation Among Frail Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Søgaard Mette , Jensen Martin , Højen Anette Arbjerg , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Ording Anne Gulbech , Nielsen Peter Brønnum
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Frail people with atrial fibrillation are often undertreated with oral anticoagulants (OACs), and evidence for the net clinical benefit (NCB) of OAC is sparse. We, therefore, examined the risk of thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and NCB of anticoagulation treatment.

METHODS:

This was a nationwide cohort study including frail patients aged with incident atrial fibrillation between 2013 and 2018. Patients were categorized according to OAC treatment exposure. One-year risks of thromboembolic events and major bleeding were ascertained where death was treated as a competing risk. The NCB of anticoagulation was assessed by a bivariate trade-off between thromboembolism and bleeding.

RESULTS:

We identified 36 223 frail patients with atrial fibrillation (median age, 79 years; 50.5% female), of whom 61.8% started OAC therapy, while 38.2% were untreated despite indication for stroke prevention. At 1 year, the risk of thromboembolic events was 2.1% (95% CI, 1.8%–2.3%) among patients not receiving OAC versus 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4%–1.7%) in patients with OAC. The bleeding risk was 3.2% (95% CI, 2.9%–3.5%) among patients without OAC versus 3.5% (95% CI, 3.2%–3.8%) among anticoagulated patients. The NCB was 0.70% (95% CI, 0.32%–1.08%), suggesting a benefit of OAC treatment; however, the NCB declined with age and increasing frailty and was lowest among patients >75 years of age or with high frailty level.

CONCLUSIONS:

Frail patients with atrial fibrillation are often untreated with OAC in routine clinical care despite an indication for stroke prevention. The NCB balancing thromboembolic events and major bleeding was in favor of anticoagulation but decreased with advancing age and increasing frailty.
Control of Sepal Color and Growth of ‘Pink Ari’, ‘Morning Star’, and ‘Green Ari’ Hydrangeas by Aluminum Sulfate Treatment
Authors: You Woong , Yoo Yong Kweon
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: This study was conducted to examine the change in sepal color and growth by treatment with aluminum sulfate of three Korean hydrangea cultivars, 'Pink Ari', 'Morning Star', and 'Green Ari'. Methods: The rooted cuttings of three hydrangea cultivars were planted in pots with 300 g of horticultural medium mixed with 0, 3, 9, and 15 g of aluminum sulfate (AS). The shoot growth was measured by plant height, leaf length and width, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and mortality rate, and flowering characteristics were measured by the number, width, and height of inflorescences and the color of sepals.Results: For the hydrangeas 'Pink Ari', 'Morning Star' and 'Green Ari', it was found that as the amount of aluminum sulfate mixed for the treatment was increased, the pH of the media reduced and became more acidic. Moreover, the higher the amount of AS mixed in, the shorter the plant height was, the more the growth of shoots was suppressed, and the higher the mortality rate. In addition, the number and size of inflorescences under treatment with 9 and 15 g of AS decreased more than those under treatment with 3 g. The sepal color showed a different reaction depending on the cultivars. The 'Pink Ari', which has deep pink sepals, remained deep pink when treated with 3 g of AS, but changed to light pink when treated with 9 g or more. On the other hand, the 'Morning Star' and 'Green Ari', which have pink sepals, changed to blue and light blue, respectively, when treated with 9 g or more of AS.Conclusion: When treated with more than 9 g of AS, the plant height of 'Pink Ari' was shortened and its marketability was greatly reduced, and it was judged that it would be appropriate to grow it as a potted hydrangea with light pink sepals when treated with 3 g of AS. The sepal color of 'Morning Star' changed to blue when treated with 9 g of AS, but it was found to be unsuitable for cultivation for potting due to the short plant height and small number of inflorescences. Treatment with 9 g of AS changed the sepal color of 'Green Ari' to light blue and light green, and it had plant height and number of inflorescences suitable for pot cultivation.