bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Some Wood-charcoal Characters Produced from Some Tree Species of Duhok Province
Authors: Fayeq Yaseen Dilgash , Amin Yasin Taha Mohammed , Saleem Nabi Hasan , Jameel Younis Abdulaziz
Published: March 2021

This investigation was done in the laboratory of college of agricultural engineering sciences – University of Duhok to study some wood-charcoal quality produced from some local wood species in Kurdistan region Iraq. In market, the quality of wood charcoal produced from tree species is varied due to divers’ anatomical structure and carbonizing temperature process. As a consequence, understanding the factors controlling the quality of wood charcoal is an important issue for both producers (sellers) and consumers (buyers). In most charcoal factories, wood charcoal are produced without determining of their quality whereas each quality of wood charcoal has its own properties, price and uses. The quality of charcoal made from some selected local wood species (Quercus aegilops, Salix alba, Malus domestica, and Populus alba) were evaluated. The woods species were collected from Zaxo district of Duhok province and were transformed into wood-charcoal using a steel kiln for pyrolysis. The analysis of physical and chemicals such moisture content percentage [MCP] , volatile matter percentage [VMP] , ash content percentage [ACP] and fixed carbon percentage [FCP], of the produced wood-charcoal were proximately resolved using the (ASTM D3176 – 15) method. The results showed, for the first time on all around the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the quality of wood charcoal produced from these wood species. The highest value off moisture content (2.375%) was with Malus domisteca as compared with Populus alba which was (1.000%), highest volatile matter (21.125%) was with Quercus aegilpops compared with Populus alba (4.125%), high ash content recorded (4.875%) with Quercus aegilpops compared with Salix alba (2.250%) and the fixed carbon was greater value in Populus alba which was (92.125%) compared with Quercus aegilpops (72.875%). In addition, these species present significant divergence in term of good quality of wood charcoal and the (populous alba) gave the superior quality of wood charcoal from the rest wood species. Therefore, the results of this study have a high assessment for managers of Kurdistan governmental and private charcoal factories as a suggestion which wood species is suitable in order to achieve better quality of wood charcoal.
Phytochemical Analysis, Nutritional Value And Ethnobotanical Knowledge of Pelargonium Quercetorum Agnew (geraniaceae)
Authors: Safar Mahdi Honar
Published: March 2021

Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew is an edible wild species of Pelargonium genus which has a lot of concern in term of ethnobotanical knowledge, nutrition value and phytochemical analysis. Traditionally, it was providing local and rural people medicines and food security. Nowadays, wild edible plants (WEPs) become a central action to preserve the culture that belongs to the natural heritage. Thus, the aim of this research is to investigate ethnobotanical knowledge related to the traditions, phytochemical and nutritional value of P. quercetorum. Semi questionnaire has been used in Deralok town for ethnobotanical knowledge determination. The findings showed the main threats were overgrazing and overharvesting of this WEPs; a quantity of (10kg) took per year as a food and medicines during spring season. The plant was in a high abundance but required bio-conservation alongside it can be taken together with medication with the very rare side effect on the people. Furthermore, the analysis part has been done in the laboratories of college of agricultural engineering science, University of Duhok, Kurdistan region of Iraq. The findings of this research shown interestingly the highest level contents of (fat=3.68g / 100g, carbohydrate=46.78g /100g, dry matter moisture content=10.93g / 100g and fibers=20.56g / 100g), macro mineral (Ca=4512.9mg / 100g and Mg=229.69mg / 100 g), micro minerals (Zn=4.398mg / 100 g, Mn=3.926mg / 100 g and Cu=1.074mg / 100g) were seen in leaves part. But, the highest content of (Energy value 185.44g/100g, Protein 23.38g/100g and Ash 7.63g / 100g), macro mineral (P=928.5mg / 100g, S=4.036mg / 100g, K=1147.9mg/100g and Na= 118.54mg / 100g), micro minerals (Fe=23.779mg / 100g) were seen in root part. Hence, the study evidence shown that this geranium species can enhance nutrition value and food security as well as natural remedies for the local people
Factors That Influence on Reproductive Efficiency in Karadi And Awassi Sheep Raised under Traditional Conditions
Authors: M. H. Zebari Hawar
Published: March 2021

Poor reproductive efficiency is considered one of the main causes of declining sheep production in sheep raised under traditional farm conditions. Many factors contribute to declining reproductive performance in ewes. The objective of the present study was to investigate factors that affect reproductive efficiency in Karadi and Awassi sheep raised under farm conditions. Four hundred Karadi and Awassi sheep (200 Karadi and 200 Awassi) were used in this study. Of each breed 100 ewes were allowed to come into oestrus spontaneously and another 100 ewes were synchronized using intravaginal sponges. Ewes were injected with intramuscular injection of 500 IU of PMSG when sponges were removed at 14 days. This study revealed that the breed had a significant effect on twinning rate and lamb mortality rate in spontaneous ewes. Breed also had a significant effect on the rate of lambing, lamb mortality, abortion, and dystocia in synchronized ewes. In addition, parity had a significant effect on the rate of lambing, lamb mortality and dystocia in spontaneous Karadi and Awassi ewes. Furthermore, parity also had significant effect on the rate of lambing, lamb mortality, dystocia and barrenness in synchronized Karadi and Awassi ewes. Different ram to ewe ratio during the oestrus period had a significant effect on conception rate and barrenness rate in synchronized Karadi and Awassi ewes. In conclusion, breed had effect on some reproductive parameters in synchronized and spontaneous ewes. Parity 2 had higher reproductive performance than parity 1 and parity ≥3 ewes. Conception rate were higher in 1:8 ram to ewe ratio group, while 1:≥16 ram to ewe ratio group had higher barrenness rate.
Some Mycotoxins Contamination in Animal Feed And Feedstuff Ingredients in Duhok Province
Authors: T. Sadeeq Emad
Published: March 2021

Fungi produce different types of mycotoxin under improper storage conditions and during crops growing period which cause chronic or acute animal toxicities. Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A and T-2 toxin are mycotoxins that pose a threat to human and animal health. This study was carried out to determine AFB1, OTA and T-2 levels in animal feed and feedstuffs materials used in animal feed factories and livestock enterprises throughout Duhok province. The samples that used for analysis (35 mixed feeds and 54 feedstuffs materials) collected from different feed factories and enterprises. Mycotoxins concentrations were quantified by using immunoassay (ELISA). Results showed that positive samples for AFB1 found in 7 (7.87%), OTA were 21 (23.60%) and T-2 were 8 (8.99%) from 89 samples analysed, whereas negative samples found for AFB1 were 82 (92.13%), OTA were 68 (76.40%) and T-2 were 81 (91.01).
Efficiency of The Spaw Model in Estimation of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Calcareous Soils
Authors: H. Karim Tariq , A. Fattah Mohammed
Published: March 2021

The measurement of soil hydraulic properties is tedious, time-consuming, and costly. An alternative approach is to formulate models that utilize the physical and chemical properties of the soil as input variables to predict soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). However, the previous studies have not paid attention to the calcium carbonate content in their models; it can lead to reducing the size and number of the pores in the soil which, in turn, can lead to reduction Ks . Here we evaluated the ability of the Soil, Plant, Atmosphere, and Water (SPAW) model to predict Ks under different states of compaction for calcareous soils with wide-ranging textures sampled along a precipitation gradient in northwestern Iraqi Kurdistan. The results revealed that the best match occurred under loose to normal state of compaction for these soils. Among the soil properties, sand content was high significantly correlated with Ks followed by CaCO3, clay, organic matter content, silt and Electrical conductivity. A pedotransfer function (PTF) was proposed using these data and its results were compared to these from the SPAW model. Root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of variation (CV) for the comparison between measured Ks values and those predicted by the SPAW model were very high 2.7×10-4 cm s−1 and 166% respectively, that due to the values of Ks predicted by the SPAW model are overestimated for calcareous soils, for these reasons the accuracy of the SPAW model was improved via calibration. The RMSE and CV of the calibrated SPAW model were dropped to 9.8×10-5 cm s−1 and 61.2%, respectively. Additionally, the accuracy of our best PTF that constructed from sand, clay, and CaCO3 was slightly higher than the calibrated SPAW model. Therefore, it is recommended to use the calibrated SPAW model for predicting Ks in calcareous soils.
Translating the impacts of Self-Efficacy on the Ethical Behavior of Sales Force: The Moderating Role of Gender
Authors: Rehman Fazalur , Farwida Javed  , Sadia Ejaz Shiekh  , Muhammad Mujtaba Asad
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study intends to assess the influence of self-efficacy on the ethical behavior of sales force along with the moderating effects of gender in the telecom sector at Pakistan.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study has collected data through self-administered questionnaire from the sales representatives in the telecom sector at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistic and stepwise regression.

Findings: The results have shown that self-efficacy has positive significant effects while gender has positive but insignificant effects on the ethical behavior of sales force in the telecom sector of Pakistan. In addition, gender has moderating effects on the relationship of self-efficacy and the ethical behavior.

Implications/Originality/Value: This study is addressing a need to examine the influence of self-efficacy on the ethical behavior of sales force in less developed and less educated areas of Pakistan, which is useful and helpful to explore understanding in the nature of defined variables in the eastern culture of Pakistan where male gender is more dominant.
THE EFFECT OF COMIC STRIPS AS AN ENGLISH TEACHING MEDIA TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING ABILITY IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Susanto Arino
Published: March 2021

This research was done due to the lack of students' reading ability in descriptive text in MTsS Yati Kamang. This research was classified as a quasi-experimental research. To experiment class the researcher choose VII.II class and VII.I is experiment class. The researcher uses test to measure students’ reading ability. Afterwards, the researcher proved that the Comic strip as a media was able to increase students' reading ability in descriptive text. Experiment class and control class there are 38 students. There were 19 students as the respondents in experimental group and 19 students as the respondents in control group. The experimental class was taught by using Comic strips as media in teaching and the control group was taught only by using Picture. The result of paired sample t-test showed that the tobtained (6,591) was higher than ttable(2,326) with the level significant 0,01. The null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. It means there is a significant effect of using Comic strips toward students’ reading ability in descriptive text at the seventh grade of MTsS Yati Kamang.
Madrasah's Leadership Strategy in Improving the Quality of Online Learning During Pandemic
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Rizki , Sudirman
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine how the headmaster's leadership strategy is in improving the quality of online learning during the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) pandemic at MTs Negeri 2 Langkat Regency. naturalistic which means observing a problem subject that arises naturally. The collected data are in the form of narration, text, written, spoken or in the form of pictures. Qualitative research is conducted to understand the activities, behavior and ways of life of other people, social or other natural symptoms. The strategy of the madrasah principal is the key to success in achieving the stated goals of the madrasah. The head of the madrasah as the highest leader in the education unit actually has visionary thoughts in developing the madrasah he leads, such as having a precise strategy in advancing his madrasah. Without a strategy, the madrasah program will not work. Strategy is the first and most important step when a leader intends to advance the madrasa. During the Covid-19 pandemic the learning process could not be stopped even though educational institutions were temporarily closed, face-to-face learning was not allowed, so online learning was implemented where activities were carried out from home. The strategy of the madrasa principal is to implement several applications such as 1) Zooom Meeting, 2) Google Classroom, 3) Google Meet, 4) WhatsApp Group, and 5) Email in supporting the online learning process at MTs Negeri 2 Langkat Regency. This strategy is a solution for students during the Covid-19 pandemic, students can learn from home online, so that they can interact via the media and can receive subject matter provided by the teacher.
Enhancing 11th Graders’ Reading Comprehension by Using Making Connection Technique
Authors: Aisyah Nafisya Alfiani , Arief Nur Fajar
Published: March 2021

Reading is a comprehending process that involves complex steps. Despite the important role of reading comprehension, many researchers indicate that the students’ reading comprehension skill is not satisfactory yet. This situation is also found in MAN 3 Malang. The students were found to have difficulty in comprehending the reading text because of low ability in reading, especially in drawing on their prior knowledge. Thus, the researcher implemented the Making Connection Technique in the reading lessons in collaboration with the classroom teacher. This technique has several steps; they are text to text, text to self, and text to world. The design of this research was Classroom Action Research covering four stages; they were planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of the study were 29 students of class XI SCIENCE 1 of MAN 3 Malang. The instruments used to collect the data were students’ reading comprehension pre and post-test), observation checklist, and field notes. Since the researcher aimed to know whether the technique helped the students in both the lower and upper groups, this research is successful if there was a significant improvement from their pre and post-test scores. The findings of this study revealed that by using the Making Connection technique, the student's reading comprehension scores had achieved the criteria of success. The students also showed a positive attitude during the implementation of the technique. The several procedures of using the technique found are (1) making text to text-connection in the group, (2) making text to self-connection in the group, (3) making text to world-connection in the group, and (4) having a class discussion related to the results of their discussion. Based on the research findings, the researcher suggested English teachers to implement the making connection technique in more interesting ways. Future researchers can investigate the use of making connection technique for other research purposes
Международное и национальное водное право в Центральной Азии – выполнение международных правовых обязательств в отношении трансграничных вод: роль национального водного законодательства
Authors:   International Association for Water Law, AIDA, Бурки Стефано
Published: March 2021

Национальное водное законодательство играет ключевую роль в выполнении обязательств по договорам о трансграничных водах, в частности, связанных с вододелением для использования государствами-подписантами договора или соглашения, равно как и с их защитой от загрязнения. Результаты анализа соответствующих положений, предусмотренных рядом соглашений о трансграничных водах между странами Центральной Азии, указывают на то, что для эффективного выполнения соответствующих договорных обязательств в этих странах должны иметься и действовать национальные нормативно-правовые акты, регулирующее забор и использование водных ресурсов рек и озер, а также сброс в них отходов. Аналогичные выводы можно сделать при анализе схожих обязательств, вытекающих из пересмотренного Протокола о совместном использовании водотоков, расположенных в регионе деятельности Сообщества по развитию юга Африки (2000 г.), и из Трехстороннего промежуточного соглашения о сотрудничестве между Южно-Африканской Республикой, Мозамбиком и Свазилендом в области охраны и устойчивого использования водных ресурсов водотоков Инкомати и Мапуту (2002 г.).
Diversity of Vegetable Types Typical to Lombok Island in an Effort to Support Food Security in the Community
Authors: Rohyani Immy Suci , Jupri Ahmad , Suripto Suripto , Sukiman Sukiman , Sukenti Kurniasih
Published: March 2021

The island of Lombok with the majority of its original inhabitants, namely the Sasak tribe, has known and used a number of plants as typical food or vegetables to complement the main menu. Typical vegetables are vegetables that are only found in an area, at a certain season and processed in a special way. Currently, the existence of vegetables typical of the island of Lombok is rarely found and some of them are starting to become extinct. This study aims to obtain data related to the diversity of species, economic value and distribution of typical vegetables on the island of Lombok. The information obtained is very much needed in building a data base that can be used as important information in the process of plant conservation and domestication. The research method used was an exploratory survey with a qualitative approach through a structured interview technique using a questionnaire that was presented orally. The research locations were all districts on the island of Lombok. The results showed that there were 53 types of vegetables typical of the island of Lombok. Trees are the most common types of habitus (17 species), then shrubs (16 species), herbaceous species (14) and 10 creeping types. Young leaves are part of the plant that is most widely used as a vegetable. Most of these vegetables are not traded and grow wild in forests or cultivated areas. The districts of East Lombok and Central Lombok are the areas where the most of these types of vegetables are found, while the city of Mataram is the area with the least. The small area and the lack of green open space are suspected to be the cause of the reduction in the typical vegetables found in the city of Mataram.
Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları ile Örümcek Kuşugillerin Bazı Türlerinin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: TOKMAK Mahmut , KIRAÇ Akın
Published: March 2021

Kuşlar, yaşadığımız çevrenin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır ve doğa için son derece önemlidir. Kuş türleri sınıflandırması, biyoloji ve çevre araştırmalarındaki umut verici uygulamaları nedeniyle bilgisayar görüntü işleme alanında giderek daha fazla ilgi görmektedir. Kuş türlerinin sınıflandırılmasında, esnasında doğal yaşam alanı ile ilgili arka plandaki sorunlar ortam gereği zorlu bir süreçtir.

Bu çalışmada; Örümcek Kuşugiller familyasından Lanius cinsine ait üç tür Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları ve Resnet mimarisi kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; sınıflandırmaya ait yapılan testler ile %96,52 oranında doğruluk başarısı elde edilmiştir.

Bu yöntemin ayırt edilmesi zor olan aynı cinse ait türlerin tanınabilmesinde, sınıflandırılmasında başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.
Россия как участник международных конфликтов в повестке массмедиа Швейцарии
Authors:   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики, Долголаптева Кристина
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются факторы, влияющие на формирование образа России как участника международных конфликтов в повестке швейцарских франкоязычных массмедиа. Актуальность работы обусловлена изучением швейцарского опыта журналистской деятельности в условиях политической нестабильности и глобального информационного противоборства. В рамках исследования автор провел контент-анализ текстов крупных массмедиа, а также проанализировал публикации изданий по критериям «мирной журналистики» Й. Галтунга.
Спортивные медиа в дни пандемии (опыт испанских газет Marca и As)
Authors:   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики, Мудрик Светлана
Published: March 2021

Из-за пандемии COVID-19 спортивные медиа оказались в непростой ситуации: все крупные спортивные мероприятия отменены, основные турниры приостановлены. Главная задача для медиа в условиях этих ограничений – не потерять аудиторию, преодолев этот профессиональный вызов. Данная cтатья посвящена анализу деятельности двух крупнейших испанских ежедневных спортивных газет Marca и As в период пандемии. Особое внимание автор уделяет переменам в контентных стратегиях в условиях изменения медиапотребления.
Пространственный анализ как инструмент изучения журналистов: к постановке вопроса
Authors:   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики, Жаровский Егор
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются возможности и перспективы использования пространственного анализа в современных исследованиях журналистов. Автор предпринимает попытку раскрыть теоретико- методологические основания этой методической процедуры, выделить основные направления в ее осмыслении и определить области применения для изучения работников СМИ. Обзор ряда концепций и эмпирических исследований указывает как на высокую продуктивность пространственного анализа в изучении журналистов, так и на разнообразие взглядов относительно его применения в медиаисследованиях.
К вопросу о классификации соцсетей: субкоммуникация или средство формирования массового сознания
Authors:   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики, Самсонова Елена
Published: March 2021

В данной статье автор предлагает новую классификацию социальных сетей, выделяя два их типа: соцсети, способствующие формированию субкоммуникации с уходом в виртуальный мир, и соцсети, активно воздействующие на реальную жизнь пользователей посредством формирования в их сознании определенной картины мира. При этом важным
аспектом в контексте выявления указанных типов являются функции, наиболее характерные для определенной социальной сети.
Subject Review: Diagnoses cancer diseases systems for most body's sections using image processing techniques
Authors: Dena Nadir George  , Haitham Salman Chyad  , Raniah Ali Mustafa
Published: March 2021

Medical imaging has become an important part of diagnosing, early detection, and treating cancers. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on various image processing techniques for medical images specifically examined cancer diseases for most body sections. These sections are Bone, Liver, Kidney, Breast, Lung, and Brain. Detection of medical imaging involves different stages such as classification, segmentation, image pre-processing, and feature extraction. With regard to this work, many image processing methods will be studied, over 10 surveys reviewing classification, feature extraction, and segmentation methods utilized image processing for cancer diseases for most body's sections are clearly reviewed.
Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus amongst child-bearing female patients attending University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Asuzu-Samuel Henrrietta Ogadimma  , Oluwatayo, Beatrice Olatundun
Published: March 2021

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic and progressive multisystem autoimmune disorder is chiefly mediated by immune complexes in which the body’s immune system produce antibody (mostly antinuclear antibody) against normal cells and organs leading to inflammatory injuries. Several studies on this disease have been done in different parts of the world but very little exist in Nigeria, particularly in Port Harcourt. The study aim to determine the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Child-bearing female patients between the age ranges of 15 – 45 years, attending University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria. Ethical approval was sought for and obtained from the Ethical committee of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. A total sample size of 207 was used. 5ml of blood samples were collected with 5ml syringe and needle into non-heparinized bottle from the antecubital fossa of recruited study group between 8am and 11am each day and was taken to the laboratory for analysis. De-fibrination method was used with the aid of centrifuge and microscope for detection of LE cell. Using an SLE latex reagent, the serum was analyzed for the presence of antinuclear antibody after centrifuging for 10mins. The SLE test kit used contained positive and negative controls to which the results were compared. Results gotten were all negative for the test group. This indicates a zero (0) prevalence level of systemic lupus erythematosus amongst child-bearing female patients attending the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
The diversity of the woody tree flora of Mont Sangbé National Park (west of the Ivory Coast)
Authors: Tra Bi Tra Jeannot  , Kouassi Kouadio Henri
Published: March 2021

The present study concerns the diversity of the woody tree flora of Mont Sangbé National Park (West of Côte d'Ivoire). The main objective was to analyze the diversity of the woody tree flora of this park impacted by human activities. Specifically, it involved (1) identifying the anthropogenic factors of the PNMS, sources of impact (2) assessing the impact of these activities on the diversity of the woody tree flora of the PNMS and (3) propose measures to mitigate biodiversity losses. To carry out the study, a device of 14 square blocks of 1 ha each was used on the impacted sites and the control sites in the different biotopes of the park. Each block was subdivided into 100 square plots of 100m² each. The results show that anthropogenic activities have reduced the flora richness of the park, modified its floristic composition and caused the disappearance of some status species. It was proposed as a measure to step up surveillance of the park.
Development of the proteinuria dosage
Authors: Andriamiarimbola Irène Rakotoniaina  , Miora Koloina Ranaivosoa  , Annick Anjatiana Raherinaivo  , Andry Rasamindrakotroka
Published: March 2021

The 24-hour urine proteinuria or albuminuria ratio is still prescribed for protein detection in urine, despite the fact that it has been replaced by the albuminuria or protein/creatininuria ratio. The use of this ratio eliminates the misinterpretation of 24-hour urine proteinuria. The objective of this development is to clarify the importance of the ratio for the search for albumin or protein in the urine. We conducted a review of the literature focusing on different diagnostic recommendations. Indeed, 24-hour urine collection is tedious and prone to many errors. The ratio is therefore a simple, reliable and standardized indicator for assessing proteinuria except in acute renal failure patients. The correlation between these ratios and 24-hour urine has been demonstrated in several studies in various populations and is currently considered to be the most adequate measure for proteinuria quantification despite the variability in creatinine excretion. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes recommendations therefore suggest the use of the albumin/creatinine ratio and the protein/creatinine ratio on a 1st morning urine sample to test for proteinuria.
Development, characterization, in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of antiemetic transdermal patches of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone
Authors: Kailash Sahu  , Saman Pathan  , Kapil Khatri  , Neeraj Upmanyu  , Satish Shilpi
Published: March 2021

The idea of delivering drugs through skin is old, as the use is reported back in 16th century B.C. The husk of the castor oil plant in water was placed on an aching head. Today the transdermal drug delivery is well accepted for delivering drugs to the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to design a compound transdermal patches containing ondansetrone HCL and dexamethasone for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in case of chemotherapy and regular symptom of nausea and vomiting. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system comprising of Ondansetron-HCl and Dexamethasone in different ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric combinations with 15% w/v plasticizer and 5% w/v penetration enhancer were mixed with the polymer solution polymer were using solvent evaporation technique. The patches were further subjected to various characterization studies for prepared transdermal patches along with the thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, In vitro drug permeation study on Franz diffusion cells. Obtained results showed no physical-chemical incompatibility between drugs and polymers. On the basis of results obtained from, tensile strength (18±0.16), folding endurance (126 ± 1 to 68 ± 2), % moisture content (2.9±0.4), % moisture uptake, % drug content (92.41 to 98.9 %), TPEC (Transdermal Patches of Ethyl Cellulose) was selected as optimized formulation. In vitro release of the selected batch, TPEC-1 followed by zero-order and formulation showed 62.69 % drug diffusion within 10 hours. Conclusively, the patches were considered to deliver drugs safely through the skin for a longer period often.
Human Papillomavirus genotypes in cervical intraepithelial lesions among women at two referral centers in Brazil
Authors: Roberto Borges Bezerra  , Ariani Impieri Souza  , Rodrigo Alves Pinto  , Miguel Angelo Martins Moreira  , Liz Maria de Almeida
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to describe Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) genotypes and women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) sociodemographic characteristics at the oncology reference centers. A secondary data of 325 records on women with CIN were analyzed from a cohort study database conducted in two public institutions in the oncological service in the Northeast of Brazil, from July 2014 to February 2016. The HPV genotype analysis was carried out on 142 through viral DNA sequence after amplifying PCR technique and compared the sequences identified in the GenBank databases. The women were predominantly 25 to 39 years old. The 325 biopsies revealed 17.6% low-grade of cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN1) and 82.4% high-grade of cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN2 or CIN3). Among the 142 HPV genotypes the most prevalent was HPV-16 (51.7%), followed by HPV-35 (6.9%) and HPV-45 (6.2%). HPV-18 was in only 2.1%. There was an association between HPV-16 and high-grade lesions (CIN2 or CIN3) (p=0.008). Although HPV-16 was the predominant genotype in cervical intraepithelial lesions, especially high-grade lesions (CIN2 or CIN3), HPV-35 was the second most frequent in high-grade lesions in this population. This suggests that other HPVs may be as prevalent as those commonly known in some regions.
Catalogue of Some Saltwater and Freshwater Fish Species of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Ekinadose Orose  , Edafe Odioko  , Okechukwu Kenneth Wokeh
Published: March 2021

The study was done to review some saltwater and freshwater fish species in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The Niger Delta is one of the most prominent regions in Nigeria, endowed with several water bodies that are distributed as freshwater like rivers, lakes, streams and creeks. These freshwater ecosystems in the region, are abundantly endowed with fish species such as Clarias gariepinus, Pila ovate, Labeo coubie, Synodontis budgetti and Synodontis eupterus. Apart from the freshwaters, the region also has vast marine ecosystem with abundance of fish species such as Elops lacerta, Mugil cephalus, Thais coronata, Periophthalmus papilio, Tympanotonus fuscatus, and Sardinella maderensis. Unfortunately, many of these fish species are endangered due to constant pollution in the Niger delta regional coastal environment. As a result, it is important to document some available freshwater and marine water fish species which will serve as a reference material for both academics and research institutions, should any of the fish species go into extinction.
In vitro anticancer activity of Astaxanthin
Authors: Uma Nath U  , Ravi. R  , Sundara Ganapathy  , Lal Prasanth
Published: March 2021

This study was designed to determine the in vitro anticancer potential of the Astaxanthin isolated from shrimp shell waste (ETC) against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) induced cancer in swiss albino mice. The anticancer activity was assessed using in vitro cytotoxicAity, mean survival time, tumor volume and hematological studies. The reliable criteria for evaluating the potential of any anticancer agent is the prolongation of lifespan of the animal and decrease in WBC count of blood. The high dose of ETC (200 mg/kg, orally) significantly reduced the tumor growth which was demonstrated by increased lifespan of the mice and restoration of hematological parameters. ETC was also found to be cytotoxic in the in vitro parameter which shows that ETC possesses significant anticancer potential.
Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Samarinda
Authors: Arif Arif
Published: March 2021

Tujuan studi:. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada instansi pemerintahan bertempat pada kantor dDinas Kependudukann dann Pencatatann Sipill Kotaa Samarindaa untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai yang terdapat pada dinas terkait dalam penelitain ini sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 73 pegawai dengan mengunakan alat analisi statistik Multi Regretion dan data diolah mengunakan software spss 22 mengunakan teknik sampling purpisiv dan snowball sampling uji yang digunakan untuk metode ini menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda dari peneli menunjukan bahwa kompensasi dan kepuasan kerja secara signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatn Sipil Kota Samarinda , jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa kompensasi dan kepuasan kerja dapat mempengaruhi  kinaerja pegawai pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencataan Sipil Kota Samarinda.

Metodologi: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai yang terdapat pada dinas terkait dalam penelitain ini sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 73 pegawai dengan mengunakan alat analisi statistik Multi Regretion dan data diolah mengunakan software spss 22 mengunakan teknik sampling purpisiv dan snowball sampling uji yang digunakan untuk metode ini menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda.

Hasil: Dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kompensasi dan kepuasan kerja secara signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatn Sipil Kota Samarinda

Manfaat: Untuk mengetahui apakah kinerja Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatn Sipil sudah sesuai yang di harapkan oleh masyarakat mengenai pelayanan yang di berikan apakah Kompensasi dan Kepuasan kerja mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai dinas terkait.

Kata kunci: Kompensasi, Kepuasan kerja, Kinerja Pegawai
PENGARUH RISIKO SISTEMATIS DAN EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN FARMASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Apriaty Reshma , Karhab Rinda Sandayani
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel risiko sistematis dan Earning Per Share (EPS) secara parsial dan simultan terhadap harga saham pada Perusahaan Farmasi. Periode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah selama lima tahun, dari tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan menggunakan purposive sampling, yaitu dilakukan dengan cara memilih subjek yang memenuhi beberapa kriteria. Populasi yang ada pada objek adalah mengambil 6 sampel dari 10 perusahaan yang terdaftar. Teknik penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, uji asumsi klasik (uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji heterokedastisitas dan uji autokorelasi) serta pengujian hipotesis dengan uji F (uji simultan), uji t (uji parsial), koefisien determinasi berganda dan analisis korelasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa risiko sistematis dan Earning Per Share (EPS) secara simultan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap harga saham. Risiko sistematis dan Earning Per Share (EPS) secara bersama-sama mampu menjelaskan naik turunnya harga saham. Earning Per Share (EPS) lebih dominan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham dengan kontribusi terbanyak terhadap harga saham.

Kata kunci: Risiko Sistematis; Laba Per Saham; Harga Saham
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA, KEPUASAN KERJA, DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR PDAM KABUPATEN BARITO UTARA
Authors: Noorhayati Noorhayati
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of work  motivation, job satisfaction, and work discipline on the performance of employess of the PDAM office in North Barito Regency. Data collection is done using a questionnaire. The result show that work motivation, job satisfaction, and work discipline significantly and simultaneously affect  the performance of the employess of the PDAM office in North Barito Regency; while partially only job satisfaction has a significant effect on the  performance of employess of the PDAM office in North Barito Regency, and then the variable  that has the most dominan effect  on the performance of employess of the PDAM office in North Barito Regency is the job satisfaction.
FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP STYLE: TRANSFORMATIONAL OR TRANSACTIONAL?
Authors: Purwanto Agus , Hutagalung Leo , Yanthy Evy
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of transformational and transactional leadership style on the performance of the latest version of the FSSC 22000 (Food Safety System Certification) food safety management system, version 5 of 2019 in the food industry in Tangerang. The object of the research were employees in several food industries that worked in the Tangerang City area who had implemented FSSC 22000 version 5 2019; as many as 120 people, and data collection method was done by giving out electronic questionnaire to several employees randomly. The analysis tool in this study used SEM (Structural Equation Model) LISREL program version 8.70. The results showed that the transformational leadership style positively and significantly affected the performance of the FSSC 22000 implementation and the transactional leadership style also contributed positive effect on the performance of the FSSC 22000 food safety management system and it can be concluded that leadership was important for the implementation of the FSSC 22000 Food Safety Management System.
IMPROVING EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION THROUGH DISCIPLINE AND TRAINING
Authors: Akos Misransyah , Meliani M
Published: March 2021

This study aims: (1) to know, test, and analyze the influence of work discipline on the employee satisfaction of UIN Antasari Banjarmasin; (2) to find out, test and analyze the effect of training on the employee satisfaction of educational staff in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin.The study applied descriptive quantitative method. The population of the study was Educational Staff with Civil Servants status in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin, with a total of 111 people. The sample was 63 people. The independent variable was work discipline and training while the dependent variable is employee satisfaction. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis was using partial (Partial Least Square / PLS) regression analysis.The result of this study indicatedthat (1) work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee satisfaction and (2) training had a positive but insignificant effect on employee satisfaction. Work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee satisfaction of educational staff in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin. Training had a negative and insignificant effect on employee satisfaction of educational staff in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin.The higher ups must be more assertive and pay attention to the work discipline of the educational staff in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin to improve employee satisfaction so that they can work better, effectively, and efficiently
THE DETERMINANT OF WHISTLEBLOWING INTENSION OF VILLAGE OFFICIALAS A PREVENTION OF FRAUD IN THE DISTRICT OF WONOSARI
Authors: Sholehah Nur Lazimatul Hilma , Ishak Parmin
Published: March 2021

This research aims to: (1) determine how much theeffect of the ethical climate has on whistleblowing intentions; (2) find out how much the effect of the level of seriousness hason whistleblowing intentions; (3) determine the great effect of locus of control on whistleblowing intentions. This type of research is quantitative research. The object of this study is the village officials in Wonosari District. The sampling technique used in this study was the saturated sampling method. Data collection was carried out by applying a survey method using a questionnaire distributed directly to all village officials in Wonosari District.The result of this study showed that (1) the ethical climate has a positive and significant impact on whistleblowing intentions, (2) the level of seriousness is positively and significantly related to whistleblowing intentions, and (3) locus of control gave positive and significant control of whistleblowing intentions. With a mandatory output of accredited national journal
THE EFFECT OF INFLATION, POVERTY, AND INVESTMENT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Authors: Febrianti Sukma , Indriyati Junita
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine how big the effect of Inflation, Poverty, and Investment have on Sustainable Development in West Kalimantan Province, partially or simultaneously. Sustainable Development in this study was measured using the Human Development Index (HDI) indicator. This research was conducted because the development of West Kalimantan HDI, when compared to other provinces in Kalimantan, still occupies the lowest position. This research was a quantitative descriptive and used secondary data, the West Kalimantan Financial Report and inflation data. The data used in this study was the annual time series data from 2007-2016. The analysis technique used in this study was Multiple Linear Regression by using SPSS version 25. The partial test results showed that Inflation and Investment had no effect on Sustainable Development in West Kalimantan Province, while Poverty had an effect on Sustainable Development in West Kalimantan Province. Based on the results of the F Test, it showed that Inflation, Poverty and Investment simultaneously had effects on Sustainable Development in the province of West Kalimantan.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND GROWTH OPPORTUNITY ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Kusumawati Yulia Tri
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of Liquidity, Debt to Asset, Asset Turnover, and Growth on Investment Decisions in Food and Beverage Companies in  the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample in this study are Food and Beverage group companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017. Sample selection is done by using purposive sampling method. This type of research is included in causal research with quantitative methods. The analytical tool used is a method of multiple regression analysis, classic assumption test, and hypothesis testing (t-test) using SPSS 22. The results show that partially, Liquidity and Growth Opportunity have a negative and significant effect on Investment Decisions, while Debt Asset and Asset Turnover has a negative and insignificant effect on Investment Decisions. Simultaneously, the Liquidity variable, Debt to Asset, Asset Turnover, and Growth have no significant effect on Investment Decisions.
THE RELATIONSHIP OFTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERPERSONALCOMMUNICATION, WORKING AGE AND JOB TENUREWITH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Authors: Anitra Vera , Astuti Tri
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between the effectiveness of interpersonal communication, working age and job tenure with organizational commitment. The method used in this study was a quantitative method using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The data analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis which was processed by a data analysis program called Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Participants in this study were employees at PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur with several predetermined criteria such as; regular employees and employees whose last education was high school or equivalent. The results of this study found that the effectiveness of interpersonal communication, working age and job tenure were able to predict employees’ organizational commitment. Other results were the effectiveness variables of interpersonal communication was the most influential variable on increasing organizational commitment and then followed by variables of working age and job tenure. The results of this study are expected to be one of the strategies that can be used by companies to increase organizational commitment.
ANALYSIS OF VALUE CREATED PRODUCT STRATEGIES ON IMPROVING BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Nadeak Banuara , Batu Reminta Lumban
Published: March 2021

The condition of Karawang as a national rice barn has now shifted to industrialization and supporting cities for the Capital City and has received poor ratings because it is a city with a high ranking of poor people. These problems can be solved by increasing MSME activities in various fields. The sustainability of MSME is very important because it supports the growth of big business and is able to provide benefits for regional economic growth. Implementation of value creation strategies in an effort to improve business activities carried out as a strategy at the corporate and business level. The application of value creation that focuses on internal resources owned is also related to the competitiveness strategy in an effort to increase the competitiveness of a company or a business. This study was designed to find out how product strategies that create values ​​when faced with business competitiveness in efforts to improve the economy of the poor. This study uses a cross sectional method through descriptive verification methods with testing path analysis using SPSS. Comparative testing is carried out to determine the comparison of consumer behavior between platforms / websites.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, WORK ETHIC, AND EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AT THE REGIONAL LAND OFFICE OF WEST PAPUA PROVINCE IN MANOKWARI
Authors: Faradiba Besse
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap efektifitas kinerja. (2) Pengaruh etos kerja terhadap efektifitas kinerja  (3) Pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap efektifitas kinerja organisasi (4) Pengaruh iklim organisasi, etos kerja, dan disiplin kerja terhadap efektifitas kinerja organisasi di Badan Pertanahan Nasional Papua Barat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Regresi Linear Berganda dengan populasi dan sampel sebesar 55 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan gejala hasil penelitian sedangkan untuk melihat pengaruh budaya organisasi, etos kerja dan disiplin kerja pegawai terhadap efektifitas kinerja Badan Pertanahan Nasional Papua Barat di Manokwari (data kuantitatif) menggunakan alat analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh secara bersama-sama budaya organisasi, etos kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap efektifitas kinerja organisasi di Badan Peratanahan Papua Barat, dengan hasil uji F dengan nilai sig lebih kecil dari nilai t tabel.

Kata Kunci : Budaya Organisasi, Etos Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Efektifitas Kinerja Pegawai.