bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif dan Literasi Sains Siswa
Authors: Safnowandi Safnowandi
Published: November 2021

The objectives of this research are to: 1) determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on cognitive learning outcomes; and 2) to determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' scientific literacy. This type of research is a quasi experiment. The research design of pre-test-post-test non equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all class VII students of SMPN 1 Tanjung North Lombok Regency in the academic year 2017/2018 which consisted of 6 classes. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, in order to obtain class VII 3 as the experimental class and class VII 1 as the control class. The instruments used to collect data were multiple choice questions totaling 20 items to measure student cognitive learning outcomes and essay questions to measure content and the scientific context. Meanwhile, worksheets are used to measure the scientific process. The data analysis technique used two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05% using SPSS 16 for Windows. The results showed that: 1) there was an effect of the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on cognitive learning outcomes (p <0.05); and 2) there is an effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' scientific literacy (p <0.05).
Efektivitas Bakteriosin Streptococcus thermophilus Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Raningsih Made , Wulansari Nadya Treesna , Suarnadi Ni Komang
Published: November 2021

Kontaminasi mikroba merupakan salah satu penyebab dari berkurangnya mutu pangan yang dapat membahayakan konsumen. Bahan makanan terdiri atas protein, karbohidrat, lemak, vitamin, air dan mineral yang merupakan medium yang baik bagi pertumbuhan mikroba sehingga dengan mudah difermentasi. Pemberian bahan pengawet berupa thermophilin yang bersumber dari Streptococcus thermophilus dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kontaminasi mikroba pada bahan pangan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian bakteriosin Streptococcus thermophilus dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus. Penelitian ini adalah true experiment yang dilakukan di laboratorium Mikrobiologi Teknologi Pangan Universitas Udayana. Pengujian efektivitas bakteriosin dengan metode difusi agar dengan kertas cakram. Diameter zona bening diukur dengan jangka sorong. Zona hambat dihitung secara vertikal dan horizontal, dikurangi dengan diameter kertas cakram kemudian dirata-ratakan. Analisis data menggunakan Anava satu arah dan uji lanjut Duncan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteriosin yang diisolasi dari S. thermopilus efektif menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli dan S. aureus pada konsentrasi 100% dengan daya hambat pada E.coli 14 mm dan pada S. aureus 15 mm
Assessing the Performance of Students in Communication Skills: A Case Study of Two Public Universities in Sierra Leone
Authors: Dauda John , Bockarie Steven Sylvester
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of students in Communication Skills in two tertiary institutions in Sierra Leone – the Eastern Technical University and the Njala University. The introduction of Communication Skills into the curriculum of teacher training institutions is viewed as a reaction to the poor performance of students in the written and spoken use of the English Language. However, the introduction of Communication Skills at tertiary institutions is yet to remedy the situation. To guide the study properly, some objectives were developed. These include; an investigation of the extent to which English is used by lecturers and students in the institutions, an examination of students' attitude towards the learning of Communication Skills, an investigation to time allocation to the teaching of the subject, and an examination of the pedagogical capabilities of the Language studies departments of both institutions with regards their personnel, teaching methodologies, and the teaching/learning resources. The result of the study revealed the following: that students speak English seldom in class and within the campus and also very seldom in their homes; that Krio and other Sierra Leonean languages are widely spoken in these institutions as does the English Language; that the credit hours allocated to the teaching of the subject is insufficient; that students find some aspects of Communication Skills Challenging; and that although both institutions have general libraries, these libraries are not very well stocked with English textbooks.
límites permisibles en el agua de consumo humano e ingesta adecuada recomendada
Authors: García-Torres Edgar , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Fernanda Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Estimado Editor,

Hemos leído el artículo de revisión titulado “Flúor y fluorosis dental” de Martínez-Cántaro N, et al.,1 publicado en su importante Revista Odontológica Basadrina (2021;5(1):75-83). Claramente, es un artículo de revisión de suma importancia odontológica que pretende sintetizar los beneficios y desventajas de la exposición al flúor, a través de sus diferentes formas, y el impacto que se tiene sobre la salud humana, principalmente en la forma de fluorosis dental. Queremos felicitarlos y a la par hacer algunas contribuciones.

El flúor (F), nombre que proviene del latín fluere «fluir», descubierto por el químico Carl Wilhelm Scheele en 1771 y aislado en 1886 por el ganador del Premio Nobel de Química en 1906, Henri Moissan, nos hace alusión, por su etimología, a sus características físicas: un gas corrosivo de coloración amarillo-pálido. Además, es un elemento químico que, en la tabla periódica, conforma el grupo VIIA correspondiente a los halógenos, siendo el más electronegativo y con una importante condición para atraer fuertemente a otros electrones, lo que le confiere mayor reactividad y toxicidad.2
Tratamiento de mordida abierta con técnica MEAW
Authors: Mendoza Silva Bianca Jesus , Ayca Castro Isabel
Published: November 2021

En diversos estudios sobre maloclusiones se ha demostrado que la mordida abierta, que se presenta con la ausencia de contacto de las piezas dentarias anteriores superiores e inferiores, es una alteración que, por su etiología multifactorial, es de difícil tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la evidencia científica referente al tratamiento de mordida abierta con técnica MEAW; así mismo, describir sus características y manejo en un paciente de sexo masculino de 14 años de edad, que presentó una maloclusión de Clase I con mordida abierta anterior y Clase II esqueletal. Se indicó un tratamiento aplicando la filosofía MEAW con brackets de prescripción MBT. Finalmente, se logró cerrar la mordida, que era el principal problema, obteniendo una oclusión estable y una estética aceptable. Concluyendo que la técnica MEAW es una herramienta muy versátil en el tratamiento de mordida abierta, como de cualquier maloclusión, pudiendo aplicarse desde el inicio o en la etapa final del tratamiento.
Lo Sviluppo Della Dialisi Peritoneale in Italia: Esperienza di un Ospedale Privato Accreditato
Authors: Bertoli Silvio , Buzzi Laura , Ciurlino Daniele
Published: November 2021

Abstract non disponibile
Peritoneale: dialisi ancora marginale? Da dove veniamo, chi siamo, dove andiamo
Authors: Sisca Sergio , Dattolo Pietro
Published: November 2021

Nonostante gli importanti progressi tecnologici, la prevalenza della dialisi peritoneale è rimasta invariata (10–11%) negli ultimi 23 anni. Le motivazioni principali sono da addebitare agli Enti Pubblici (regione, ASL, Università) e ai nefrologi che, in un momento di grave crisi economica delle civiltà occidentali, non hanno capito che, in medicina, si possono offrire prestazioni sanitarie efficienti e qualificate anche se a un costo inferiore rispetto a quelle tradizionali.
Le acidosi tubulari
Authors: Quaglia Marco , Merlotti Guido , Cantaluppi Vincenzo
Published: November 2021

Abstract non disponibile
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN PELAKSANAAN SURGICAL SAFETY CHECKLIST DI KAMAR OPERASI
Authors: Arif Taufan
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Nurse work stress is a condition where nurses are faced with work demands that can result in physiological, psychological & behavioral disorders and can affect performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of nurses work stress levels with the implementation of Surgical Safety Checklist in the operating room. Methods: This research method uses correlational with cross-sectional approach and 18 respondents with a sampling technique using the entire population. The independent variable in this study is the level of work stress nurses with the dependent variable implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist. The research instrument used a questionnaire on nurses' work stress levels and the Surgical Safety Checklist observation sheet. Scatterplot analysis results obtained negative direction which means that the increase in the variable level of work stress nurses will be followed by a decrease in the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist. Result: The results of the correlation coefficient 0.637 with strong interpretation and t count 3.24 more than the results of t table 1.76 means that there is a linear relationship of. Conclussion: There are relationship of nurses work stress levels with the implementation of Surgical Safety Checklist in the operating room. Discussion for the results of research where the increasing level of work stress nurses, the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist decrease. The recommendation for further research is to conduct research into work stress factors for nurses with the impact that can result from work stress with a higher number of respondents
THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AS PERCEIVED BY THE STAFF MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM
Authors: Dldom Saifaldin
Published: November 2021

Organizational commitment is considered an essential concept for ensuring work and staff motivation in a higher education setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the staffs’ degree of organizational commitment to the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum. To investigate research questions, a survey questionnaire was conducted. Among 239 respondents, 106 staff members were surveyed (44.00%). The results indicated that the degree of staff affective, continuance, and normative commitment in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum, was high. This study also confirmed that the aggregate degree of organizational commitment among staff members in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum, was high. The study revealed no statistically significant difference in the degree of organizational commitment due to gender and academic rank variables. The study also found a statistically significant difference in affective and normative commitment in the degree of organizational commitment related to years of service. The study recommended improving the worldly position of the staff member to maintain a high degree of responsibility at the University of Khartoum.
TRAINING, MANAGERIAL SKILLS, AND PRINCIPAL PERFORMANCE AT SENIOR HIGH SHOOL IN NORTH LUWU REGENCY
Authors: Mahmud Hilal , Sanusi Syamsu
Published: November 2021

The principal needs training to have managerial skills to optimize his performance. Otherwise, several studies have shown the opposite. This study aims to examine the effect of exercise and managerial skills on principal performance. This study is field research with a simple path analysis design. Data were obtained through questionnaires, observation, and documentation study. This study shows that there is an effect of training and principal managerial skills on principal performance. This indicates that the more intense the principal attends training and has a deep understanding of training material, the higher the principal organizational skills are. The higher the principal managerial skills are, the higher the quality of the principal performance is, which in turn increases the rate of the school.
EFFECT OF HEAD MANAGEMENT COMPETENCE ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE IN SMA NUSANTARA PLUS
Authors: Aryani Elysa , Hasanah Alifianti Uswatun , Putra Hardian Dwi , Zahruddin Zahruddin
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of principal managerial competence on teacher performance at senior high school Nusantara Plus. The method used in this study is quantitative. The samples in this study were all senior high school Nusantara Plus, totaling 35 people/respondents. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire. Based on the research results on the determination test, the coefficient of determination (R square) was 0.172. The R square value of 0.172 comes from the square of the correlation coefficient or "R", which is = 0.172 or equal to 17.2%. This figure shows that the managerial competence variable (X) affects the teacher performance variable (Y) by 17.2%, and 82.8% is influenced by other variables not examined.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC INTEGRATION CONCEPT MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON THE PESANTREN LEARNING CURRICULUM
Authors: Nuraeni Reni , Irawan Irawan
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the results of monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of curriculum integration carried out by an Islamic educational institution in Islamic boarding schools. The research was conducted at the Baitul Fikri Arcamanik Modern Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. The study uses a qualitative approach with the CIPO evaluation technique developed through observation and data collection with documentary data and structured interviews with rating-scale techniques. The results showed that the percentage value of the application of the concept of integration was in line with the results obtained with students' summative evaluation value data. The data on the application of the lowest integration concept is in Mathematics with a percentage of 55%, and the average summative value of students is 73, while the highest data on the application of the concept of integration is in PJOK subjects with a percentage of 77% and the average summative score of 81 students.
TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM IMPROVEMENT MANAGEMENT: STUDY OF PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP AT SMA AL-ITTIHAD KARANG TENGAH CIANJUR
Authors: Wahyudin Undang Ruslan , Winara Dudung , Permana Hinggil
Published: November 2021

This research is motivated by the fact that at Al-Ittihad High School, there is a lack of awareness of students towards the practice of religion. This study aimed to determine the principal's program in planning, organizing, implementing, supervising, supporting, and inhibiting factors from improving the professionalism of teachers at Al-Ittihad High School. This research is qualitative descriptive field research. They are collecting data using interviews, observation, and documentation methods. Analysis of the data used is a qualitative analysis consisting of three components of analysis: data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. All three are carried out interactively with the data collecting process as one cycle. The results show that planning is done by improving the quality of teachers, continuing education to a higher level, providing adequate honorarium incentives, involving teachers in training, workshops, seminars, workshops, and so on.
MORBILIDAD CARDIOVASCULAR TRANS Y POSTOPERATORIA EN PACIENTES GERIÁTRICOS
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Solis Cartas Urbano ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Santillán Castillo Violeta Sofía ,   Ministerio Salud Pública del Ecuador, Zamora Rodríguez Kelly Marissa ,   Ministerio Salud Pública del Ecuador
Published: November 2021

Durante el envejecimiento la respuesta del organismo es diferente en muchas ocasiones, por lo que la atención integral e individualizada a este grupo de edad constituye una prioridad, sobre todo en pacientes sometidos a intervención quirúrgica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la morbilidad cardiovascular trans y postoperatoria en pacientes geriátricos operados en el Hospital Provincial General Docente de Riobamba. Para esto se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental con un alcance descriptivo, correlacional y retrospectivo. La población estuvo constituida por 257 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente durante el periodo 2018-2019. La muestra quedó constituida por 207 adultos mayores y se confeccionó utilizando el muestreo aleatorio simple. Los principales resultados incluyen predominio de pacientes entre 65 y 70 años (57,00%), masculinos (52,67%) y con comorbilidades asociadas (81,64%). La hipertensión arterial (86,98%) y la diabetes mellitus (24,85%) fueron las más identificadas. El 54,11% de pacientes fueron intervenidos de urgencia, con tiempo de duración predominante de las cirugías mayor a dos horas (72,95%) y utilizando anestesia general (93,24%). El 72,95% de los adultos mayores presentaron complicaciones cardiovasculares. El 78,15% en el postoperatorio y el 21,85% en el transoperatorio. La taquicardia (47,72%), la hipertensión arterial (37,09%) y la hipotensión (23,18%) fueron las más representativas. Se concluye que la incidencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares durante el trans y postoperatorio en paciente mayores de 65 años fue elevada; sin embargo, no se presentaron defunciones por causas relacionadas al proceso quirúrgico o la presencia de complicaciones durante el mismo.
ACC Deaminase-Positive Halophilic Bacterial Isolates With Multiple Plant Growth-Promoting Traits Improve the Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Under Salinity Stress
Authors: Nagaraju Yalavarthi , Mahadevaswamy  , Naik Nagaraj M. , Gowdar S. B. , Narayanarao K. , Satyanarayanarao K.
Published: November 2021

In this study, a total of 50 halophilic bacterial isolates were screened for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, of these six with the highest ACC deaminase activity were selected for an increase in chickpea yield under salinity. The ACC deaminase activity among the isolates was ranged between 0.12 and 3.56 mM α-KB mg−1 min−1. These six isolates and one reference strain from the Agricultural College, Raichur, were used in the microcosm experiment during the rabi season of 2018. After 60 days of sowing, decreased rhizosphere pH and electrical conductivity (EC) from 8.4 to 7.6 and 4.3 to 3.4 dS m−1, respectively, were reported in chickpea. Among the treatments, Bacillus safensis (B. safensis)-inoculated plants showed a higher number of flowers (71 flowers/plant), pods (49.3 pods/plant), branches (33.3 branches/plant), and enhanced fresh weight (17.2 g/plant) and dry weight (8.1 g/plant). They were corroborated by improved nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of 71.5 and 43.5%, respectively, in B. safensis-treated plants. Based on the microcosm experimental findings, three cultures improving biometric and yield attributes were chosen for the field investigation. The field study was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, Ganagavathi, during Kharif 2019. The chickpea plants treated with the consortium [B. safensis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Staphylococcus xylosus] increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of plants by 258 and 196%, respectively. In addition, an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity (0.41 μmol of ascorbate oxidized s−1 g−1 fresh weight) in the leaves and proline content was also recorded. The consortium (B. safensis, P. stutzeri, and S. xylosus) significantly increased nutrient uptake (N and P), the number of flowers, number of pods, and yield by 63.26, 39.03, 110, 59.96, and 17.56%, respectively, in chickpeas. Finally, inoculation with a mixture of three isolates is an effective method for increasing chickpea production under osmotic stress.
Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
Authors: Keith Cory V. , Ramos-Sobrinho Roberto , Marelli Jean-Philippe , Brown Judith K.
Published: November 2021

Cacao swollen shoot disease (CSSD) is a damaging disease of Theobroma cacao L. associated with infection by a group of poorly characterized badnaviral species. To establish causality and characterize the symptomatology associated with infection by the badnavirus cacao swollen shoot Ghana M virus (CSSGMV), an infectious clone (1.3-mer) was constructed and used to inoculated cacao “Amelonado” seedlings by biolistic inoculation (BI; n = 18) and agroinoculation (AI; n = 15). Newly expanded leaves of BI (10/18) and AI (12/15) plants developed foliar mosaic and curling symptoms 30-days post inoculation (dpi), with chlorotic mottling and necrotic crinkling being evident by 90 dpi. By 120 dpi, three of 15 AI plants exhibited characteristic stem-swelling. Viral infection was verified by PCR-amplification and sequencing of a 1068 bp fragment of the CSSGMV ORF3 from newly expanding leaves 60 dpi. The PCR results indicated that 14 of 18 and 15 of 15 BI and AI plants, respectively, were systemically infected. The complete CSSGMV genome sequence was determined, by Illumina sequencing, from representative AI and BI plants and shared >99.5% pairwise nucleotide identity with CSSGMV-Nig9 (GenBank Accession No. MH785299). Based on the development of characteristic CSSD symptoms and recovery of partial and complete genome sequences of CSSGMV-Nig9 from systemically infected cacao plants, Koch's postulates have been fulfilled.
Vancomycin-Loaded Polycaprolactone Electrospinning Nanofibers Modulate the Airway Interfaces to Restrain Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Tian Chuan , Wu Kunpeng , Zhou Xueliang , Feng Kexing , Li Zhaonan , Wang Zijian , Han Xinwei
Published: November 2021

Site-specific release of therapeutics at the infected trachea remains a great challenge in clinic. This work aimed to develop a series of vancomycin (VA)-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) composite nanofiber films (PVNF-n, n = 0, 1, and 5, respectively) via the electrospinning technique. The physiochemical and biological properties of PVNF-n were evaluated by a series of tests, such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDS, and antibacterial assay. The PVNF-n samples displayed a typical network structure of fibers with random directions. VA was successfully introduced into the PCL nanofibers and could be sustained and released. More importantly, PVNF-5 showed relatively good antibacterial activity against both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPn). Thus, PVNF-5 was covered onto the self-expandable metallic stent and then implanted into a New Zealand rabbit model to repair tracheal stenosis. Compared to a metallic stent, a commercial pellosil matrix–covered stent, and a PVNF-0–covered metallic stent, the PVNF-5–covered airway stent showed reduced granulation tissue thickness, collagen density, α-SMA, CD68, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 expression. In conclusion, this work provides an anti-infection film–covered airway stent that in site restrains tracheal stenosis.
Genomics Characterization of an Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum in Bioreactor Cultivation Under Ionic Liquid Stress
Authors: Banerjee Deepanwita , Eng Thomas , Sasaki Yusuke , Srinivasan Aparajitha , Oka Asun , Herbert Robin A. , Trinh Jessica , Singan Vasanth R. , Sun Ning , Putnam Dan , Scown Corinne D. , Simmons Blake , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila
Published: November 2021

Corynebacterium glutamicum is an ideal microbial chassis for production of valuable bioproducts including amino acids and next generation biofuels. Here we resequence engineered isopentenol (IP) producing C. glutamicum BRC-JBEI 1.1.2 strain and assess differential transcriptional profiles using RNA sequencing under industrially relevant conditions including scale transition and compare the presence vs absence of an ionic liquid, cholinium lysinate ([Ch][Lys]). Analysis of the scale transition from shake flask to bioreactor with transcriptomics identified a distinct pattern of metabolic and regulatory responses needed for growth in this industrial format. These differential changes in gene expression corroborate altered accumulation of organic acids and bioproducts, including succinate, acetate, and acetoin that occur when cells are grown in the presence of 50 mM [Ch][Lys] in the stirred-tank reactor. This new genome assembly and differential expression analysis of cells grown in a stirred tank bioreactor clarify the cell response of an C. glutamicum strain engineered to produce IP.
Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of Bone Cancer Using Near-Infrared Lights
Authors: Cai Qing , Li Zuntai , Li Baosheng , Jiang Jiayang , Li Xiaoyu , Meng Weiyan , Zhu Shoujun
Published: November 2021

Bone is a preferred site for both primary and metastasis tumors. Current diagnosis of osteopathia typically relies on noninvasive skeleton radiography technology. However, due to the limited resolution of ionizing radiation, accurate diagnosis and effective identification impairment areas are still lacking. Near-infrared (NIR) bioimaging, especially in the NIR-II (1000-1700 nm) regions, can provide high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution bioimaging compared to the conventional radiography. Thus, NIR bioimaging affords intraoperative visualization and imaging-guided surgery, aiming to overcome challenges associated with theranostics of osteopathia and bone tumors. The present review aimed to summarize the latest evidence on the use of NIR probes for the targeting bone imaging. We further highlight the recent advances in bone photoX (X presents thermal, dynamic, and immuno) therapy through NIR probes, in particular combination with other customized therapeutic agents could provide high-efficiency treatment for bone tumors.
Review of Big Data Integration in Construction Industry Digitalization
Authors: Yousif Omar Sedeeq , Zakaria Rozana Binti , Aminudin Eeydzah , Yahya Khairulzan , Mohd Sam Abdul Rahman , Singaram Loganathan , Munikanan Vikneswaran , Yahya Muhamad Azani , Wahi Noraziah , Shamsuddin Siti Mazzuana
Published: November 2021

The 2030 agenda for sustainable development has embraced the importance of sustainable practices in the construction industry. Parallel to the Industry revolution 4.0, the construction industry needs to keep pace with technological advances in data management to keep pace with the revolution through the ability to process and extract value from data. This phenomenon attracts the requirement of Big Data (BD). The construction industry deals with large volumes of heterogeneous data, which is expected to increase exponentially following an intense use of modern technologies. This research presents a comprehensive study of the literature, investigating the potential application of BD integration in the construction industry. The adoption of such technologies in this industry remains at a nascent stage and lags broad uptake of these technologies in other fields. The Construction Industry is driving to boost its productivity through the implementation of data technologies; hence, significant research is needed in this area. Currently, there is a lack of deep comprehensive research on BD integration applications that provide insight for the construction industry. This research closes the gap and gives an overview of the literature. The discussion presented the current utilization, the issues, and ways for potential works along with the challenges companion with the implementation.
The Relationship Between Osteoporosis and Intestinal Microbes in the Henan Province of China
Authors: Qin Qian , Yan Su , Yang Yang , Chen Jingfeng , Yan Hang , Li Tiantian , Gao Xinxin , Wang Youxiang , Li Ang , Wang Shoujun , Ding Suying
Published: November 2021

Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic disease in the elderly, and China is entering an aging demographic trend. In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated that probiotics can treat osteoporosis. This study aimed to explore the relevant mechanisms and to validate the beneficial effect on osteoporosis by high-throughput metagenome-wide gene sequencing in humans. In this study, compared with controls, several species had altered abundances, and specific functional pathways were found in the OP group. At the species level, the species that had increased in OP individuals were positively correlated to bone resorption markers and negatively correlated to 25-OH-D3 and bone formation markers, with Streptococcus sanguinis showing the strongest relevance, followed by Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Olsenella unclassified. Additionally, Actinomyces graevenitzii, enriched in the OP group, was positively correlated to inflammation indicators that included white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil count (NEC), and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p < 0.05). Conversely, the levels of Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides eggerthii, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides uniformis, and Butyricimonas synergistic were increased in the control group, which had a negative correlation with bone resorption markers and positive correlation with bone formation markers and 25-OH-D3. Additionally, Bacteroides fragilis had a negative correlation with inflammation indicators (WBC, NEC, and NLR) and the above pathways (p < 0.05). Functional prediction revealed that 106 metabolic pathways, enriched in the OP group, were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). In particular, pathways related to LPS biosynthesis, phytate degradation, lactate acid, and ethanol fermentation were more abundant in the OP group than in the control and were positively related to WBC and NEC. Taken together, several species with altered abundances and specific functional pathways were found in OP individuals. The role of phytases in OP provides novel epidemiological evidence to elucidate the underlying microbiota-relevant mechanisms in bone mineralization and should be explored further.
Cyclodextrin-Appended Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Cholesterol-Mopping Agents
Authors: Puglisi Antonino , Bassini Simone , Reimhult Erik
Published: November 2021

Cholesterol plays a crucial role in major cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and rare genetic disorders showing altered cholesterol metabolism. Cyclodextrins (CDs) have shown promising therapeutic efficacy based on their capacity to sequester and mobilise cholesterol. However, the administration of monomeric CDs suffers from several drawbacks due to their lack of specificity and poor pharmacokinetics. We present core-shell superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) functionalised with CDs appended to poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline) polymers grafted in a dense brush to the iron oxide core. The CD-decorated nanoparticles (CySPIONs) are designed so that the macrocycle is specifically cleaved off the nanoparticle’s shell at a slightly acidic pH. In the intended use, free monomeric CDs will then mobilise cholesterol out of the lysosome to the cytosol and beyond through the formation of an inclusion complex. Hence, its suitability as a therapeutic platform to remove cholesterol in the lysosomal compartment. Synthesis and full characterization of the polymer as well as of the core-shell SPION are presented. Cholesterol-binding activity is shown through an enzymatic assay.
One Year of SARS-CoV-2: Genomic Characterization of COVID-19 Outbreak in Qatar
Authors: Benslimane Fatiha M. , Al Khatib Hebah A. , Al-Jamal Ola , Albatesh Dana , Boughattas Sonia , Ahmed Ayeda A , Bensaad Meryem , Younuskunju Shameem , Mohamoud Yasmin A. , Al Badr Mashael , Mohamed Abdalla A. , El-Kahlout Reham A. , Al-Hamad Tasneem , Elgakhlab Dina , Al-Kuwari Fatima H. , Saad Chadi , Jeremijenko Andrew , Al-Khal Abdullatif , Al-Maslamani Muna A. , Bertollini Roberto , Al-Kuwari Einas A. , Al-Romaihi Hamad E. , Al-Marri Salih , Al-Thani Mohammed , Badji Radja M. , Mbarek Hamdi , Al-Sarraj Yasser , Malek Joel A. , Ismail Said I. , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Coyle Peter V. , Thani Asmaa A. Al , Yassine Hadi M.
Published: November 2021

Qatar, a country with a strong health system and a diverse population consisting mainly of expatriate residents, has experienced two large waves of COVID-19 outbreak. In this study, we report on 2634 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from infected patients in Qatar between March-2020 and March-2021, representing 1.5% of all positive cases in this period. Despite the restrictions on international travel, the viruses sampled from the populace of Qatar mirrored nearly the entire global population’s genomic diversity with nine predominant viral lineages that were sustained by local transmission chains and the emergence of mutations that are likely to have originated in Qatar. We reported an increased number of mutations and deletions in B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 lineages in a short period. These findings raise the imperative need to continue the ongoing genomic surveillance that has been an integral part of the national response to monitor the SARS-CoV-2 profile and re-emergence in Qatar.
Detection of Antibodies Against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Analysis of the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Transcriptomic Profile, 15 Years After Recovery From SARS
Authors: Zhao Lili , Han Na , Zheng Yali , Rao Huiying , Li Jia , Chen Yanwen , Yu Bing , Xu Yu , Chen Hongsong , Gao Zhancheng , Jiang Baoguo
Published: November 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shows a high degree of homology with SARS-CoV. They share genes, protein sequences, clinical manifestations, and cellular entry patterns. Thus, SARS research may serve helpful in gaining a better understanding of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Serum antibodies from convalescent patients with SARS collected in 2018 were used to target the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein via a chemiluminescence microsphere immunoassay. Antibodies of convalescent patients with SARS exhibited serous immune cross-reactivity with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The serous antibodies, excluding S22 of convalescent patients with SARS, did not competitively inhibit the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2. T cellular immunity research was conducted in vitro using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by pooled peptide epitopes 15 years post-infection. Interferon gamma was detected and the PBMC transcriptomic profile was obtained. The heatmap of the transcriptomic profile showed that mRNAs and circRNAs of the SARS group clustered together after being stimulated by the peptide epitope pool. Differentially expressed mRNAs were most significantly enriched in immunity and signal transduction (P < 0.01). SARS elicits cytokine and chemokine responses, partially consistent with previously published data about COVID-19. Overall, our results indicate that antibodies from convalescent patients with SARS persisted for 15 years and displayed immune cross-reactivity with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The immune status of patients with SARS 15 years post-infection may provide a better understanding of the future immune status of patients with COVID-19.
Visceral Adiposity Index Plays an Important Role in Prognostic Prediction in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Zhao Qi , Cheng Yu-Jing , Xu Ying-Kai , Zhao Zi-Wei , Liu Chi , Sun Tie-Nan , Zhou Yu-Jie
Published: November 2021

Background: Visceral adiposity index (VAI), a surrogate marker of adiposity and insulin resistance, has been demonstrated to be significantly related to cardiovascular disease. It remains indistinct whether VAI predicts adverse prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 798 participants who met the enrollment criteria were finally brought into this study. VAI was determined by waist circumference, body mass index, fasting triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as previously reported. Adverse prognosis included all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and ischemia-driven revascularization, the composite of which was defined as the primary endpoint.

Results: Higher VAI maintained as a significant and independent risk predictor for the primary endpoint, regardless of the adjustment for the various multivariate models [hazard ratio (95% CI) for fully adjusted model: 2.72 (2.02–3.68), p < 0.001]. The predictive value of VAI was further confirmed in sensitivity analysis where VAI was taken as a continuous variate. There was a dose-response relationship of VAI with the risk of the primary endpoint (p for overall association < 0.001). Moreover, the ability of VAI on the prediction of the primary endpoint was consistent between subgroups stratified by potential confounding factors (all p for interaction > 0.05). VAI exhibited a significant incremental effect on risk stratification for the primary endpoint beyond existing risk scores, expressed as increased Harrell's C-index, significant continuous net reclassification improvement, and significant integrated discrimination improvement.

Conclusion: VAI is a significant indicator for predicting worse prognosis and plays an important role in risk stratification among patients with NSTE-ACS and T2DM undergoing elective PCI. The present findings require further large-scale, prospective studies to confirm.
Phenotypic Clustering of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Coronary Artery Disease Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Pezel Théo , Unterseeh Thierry , Hovasse Thomas , Asselin Anouk , Lefèvre Thierry , Chevalier Bernard , Neylon Antoinette , Benamer Hakim , Champagne Stéphane , Sanguineti Francesca , Toupin Solenn , Garot Philippe , Garot Jérôme
Published: November 2021

Background: Epidemiological characteristics and prognostic profiles of patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) are heterogeneous. Therefore, providing individualized cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification and tailored prevention is crucial.

Objective: Phenotypic unsupervised clustering integrating clinical, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were used to unveil pathophysiological differences between subgroups of patients with newly diagnosed CAD.

Materials and Methods: Between 2008 and 2020, consecutive patients with newly diagnosed obstructive CAD on CCTA and further referred for vasodilator stress CMR were followed for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined by cardiovascular death or non-fatal myocardial infarction. For this exploratory work, a cluster analysis was performed on clinical, CCTA, and CMR variables, and associations between phenogroups and outcomes were assessed.

Results: Among 2,210 patients who underwent both CCTA and CMR, 2,015 (46% men, mean 70 ± 12 years) completed follow-up [median 6.8 (IQR 5.9–9.2) years], in which 277 experienced a MACE (13.7%). Three mutually exclusive and clinically distinct phenogroups (PG) were identified based upon unsupervised hierarchical clustering of principal components: (PG1) CAD in elderly patients with few traditional risk factors; (PG2) women with metabolic syndrome, calcified plaques on CCTA, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); (PG3) younger men smokers with proximal non-calcified plaques on CCTA, myocardial scar, and reduced LVEF. Using survival analysis, the occurrence of MACE, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality (all p < 0.001) differed among the three PG, in which PG3 had the worse prognosis. In each PG, inducible ischemia was associated with MACE [PG1, Hazards Ratio (HR) = 3.09, 95% CI, 1.70–5.62; PG2, HR = 3.62, 95% CI, 2.31–5.7; PG3, HR = 3.55, 95% CI, 2.3–5.49; all p < 0.001]. The study presented some key limitations that may impact generalizability.

Conclusions: Cluster analysis of clinical, CCTA, and CMR variables identified three phenogroups of patients with newly diagnosed CAD that were associated with distinct clinical and prognostic profiles. Inducible ischemia assessed by stress CMR remained associated with the occurrence of MACE within each phenogroup. Whether automated unsupervised phenogrouping of CAD patients may improve clinical decision-making should be further explored in prospective studies.
Connect With Me. Exploring Influencing Factors in a Human-Technology Relationship Based on Regular Chatbot Use
Authors: Christoforakos Lara , Feicht Nina , Hinkofer Simone , Löscher Annalena , Schlegl Sonja F. , Diefenbach Sarah
Published: November 2021

Companion technologies, such as social robots and conversational chatbots, take increasing responsibility for daily tasks and support our physical and mental health. Especially in the domain of healthcare, where technologies are often applied for long-term use, our experience with and relationship to such technologies become ever more relevant. Based on a 2-week interaction period with a conversational chatbot, our study (N = 58) explores the relationship between humans and technology. In particular, our study focuses on felt social connectedness of participants to the technology, possibly related characteristics of technology and users (e.g., individual tendency to anthropomorphize, individual need to belong), as well as possibly affected outcome variables (e.g., desire to socialize with other humans). The participants filled in short daily and 3 weekly questionnaires. Results showed that interaction duration and intensity positively predicted social connectedness to the chatbot. Thereby, perceiving the chatbot as anthropomorphic mediated the interrelation of interaction intensity and social connectedness to the chatbot. Also, the perceived social presence of the chatbot mediated the relationship between interaction duration as well as interaction intensity and social connectedness to the chatbot. Characteristics of the user did not affect the interrelations of chatbot interaction duration or intensity and perceived anthropomorphism or social presence. Furthermore, we did not find a negative correlation between felt social connectedness of users to the technology and their desire to socialize with other humans. In sum, our findings provide both theoretical and practical contributions. Our study suggests that regular interaction with a technology can foster feelings of social connectedness, implying transferability of dynamics known from interpersonal interaction. Moreover, social connectedness could be supported by technology design that facilitates perceptions of anthropomorphism and social presence. While such means could help to establish an intense relationship between users and technology and long-term engagement, the contexts in which anthropomorphic design is, actually, the means of choice should be carefully reflected. Future research should examine individual and societal consequences to foster responsible technology development in healthcare and beyond.
Fixed Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocol Versus Flexible Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Protocol in Patients With Asynchronous Follicular Development During Controlled Ovulation Stimulation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dong Mei , Sun Li , Huang Li , Wang Fang , Zhang Xiqian , Liu Fenghua
Published: November 2021

Protocols utilizing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists have emerged as mainstream procedures for ovarian stimulation; however, GnRH increases the risk for periodic cancellation of embryos. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcomes of a fixed GnRH antagonist protocol and a flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (fPPOS) protocol in patients with asynchronous follicular development during controlled ovulation stimulation and to explore the feasibility of converting patients undergoing a fixed GnRH antagonist protocol to an fPPOS protocol. This was the first retrospective study exploring the fPPOS protocol in patients with asynchronous follicular development, and it was conducted in a public reproductive medicine center from January to December 2020. We included infertile women. All participants were scheduled to undergo administration of a GnRH antagonist on the fifth day of controlled ovulation stimulation. The study group included 129 women who were converted from the fixed GnRH antagonist protocol to the fPPOS protocol for their asynchronous follicular development, while the antagonist group consisted of 258 women (ratio 1:2) who proceeded with a fixed GnRH antagonist protocol. On the second or third day of the menstrual period, 100–300 IU/day gonadotropin injections were administered. For patients who were converted to the fPPOS protocol, medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets at 10 mg/day were started on the fifth day of stimulation or when only one leading follicle reached 14 mm and the other follicles were ≤10 mm in diameter, whichever came first. The rates of embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy, and early pregnancy loss were obtained. The number of oocytes retrieved and the number of high-quality embryos in the antagonist group were significantly higher than those in the fPPOS group (P = 0.039 and P = 0.025, respectively). No significant differences in the rates of embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy, and early pregnancy loss were observed between the two groups. Our study found that in patients who were scheduled for administration of GnRH antagonists but presented with asynchronous follicular development on the fifth stimulation day, it was feasible to switch to the fPPOS protocol.
Follow Your Nose: A Key Clue to Understanding and Treating COVID-19
Authors: Edwards Christopher , Klekot Oleksandra , Halugan Larisa , Korchev Yuri
Published: November 2021

This paper suggests that ATP release induced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus plays a key role in the genesis of the major symptoms and complications of COVID-19. Infection of specific cells which contain the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor results in a loss of protection of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR). Local activation by cortisol stimulates the release of ATP initially into the basolateral compartment and then by lysosomal exocytosis from the cell surface. This then acts on adjacent cells. In the nose ATP acts as a nociceptive stimulus which results in anosmia. It is suggested that a similar paracrine mechanism is responsible for the loss of taste. In the lung ATP release from type 2 alveolar cells produces the non-productive cough by acting on purinergic receptors on adjacent neuroepithelial cells and activating, via the vagus, the cough reflex. Infection of endothelial cells results in the exocytosis of WeibelPalade bodies. These contain the Von Willebrand Factor responsible for micro-clotting and angiopoietin-2 which increases vascular permeability and plays a key role in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. To test this hypothesis this paper reports proof of concept studies in which MR blockade using spironolactone and low dose dexamethasone (SpiDex) was given to PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients. In 80 patients with moderate to severe respiratory failure 40 were given SpiDex and 40 conventional treatment with high dose dexamethasone (HiDex). There was 1 death in the HiDex group and none in the SpiDex. As judged by clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters there were clear statistically significant benefits of SpiDex in comparison to HiDex. A further 20 outpatients with COVID-19 were given SpiDex. There was no control group and the aim was to demonstrate safety. No adverse effects were noted and no patient became hyperkalaemic. 90% were asymptomatic at 10 days. The very positive results suggest that blockade of the MR can produce major benefit in COVID19 patients. Further larger controlled studies of inpatients and outpatients are required not only for SARS-CoV-2 infection per se but also to determine if this treatment affects the incidence of Long COVID.