bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological response of cidró to different water replacement levels in two seasons of the year
Authors: Schmidt Denise , Caron Braulio O , Schwerz Luciano , Manfron Paulo A , Elli Elvis F , Schwerz Felipe
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT We aimed to determine the response of cidró (Aloysia triphylla) submitted to different water replacement levels in summer and winter, in order to understand and relate the plant physiological performance under adverse weather conditions. The research was developed in a protected environment, in the city of Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a 2x4x2 factorial scheme, two seasons of the year (summer and winter), four water availability (50, 75, 100, 125% of ETo) and two faces of leaf (abaxial and adaxial), with four replications. There were evaluated stomatal vapor diffusion resistance (s/cm), transpiration (µg/cm2/s) and leaf temperature (°C), on both faces of the leaf from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m., 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. to 5 p.m., 45 days after the beginning of the season. We concluded that the physiological response of cidró plants was influenced by water replacement levels, in a different way according to the seasons of the year. The summer season was responsible for the highest values of incident photosynthetically active radiation, leaf temperature, transpiration and stomatal vapor diffusion resistance. The reduction in water availability promoted the increase in values for stomatal resistance to vapor flow, reducing leaf transpiration rate. The incident photosynthetically active radiation, leaf temperature and transpiration showed highest values on the abaxial face of the studied species.
Consumo de agua y rendimiento de tomate de cáscara bajo diferentes cubiertas de invernaderos
Authors: Ramos-López Bernabé I , Martínez-Gutiérrez Gabino A , Morales Isidro , Escamirosa-Tinoco Cirenio , Pérez-Herrera Aleyda
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN En México, el cultivo de tomate de cáscara o tomate verde (Physalis ixocarpa) se realiza en campo, en pequeñas superficies, con poca tecnificación y bajos rendimientos. Para conocer el comportamiento y aumentar su rendimiento, se evaluó el cultivo de tomate de cáscara cultivar Rendidora bajo tres estructuras de protección, con diferentes materiales de cubierta y su influencia sobre la radiación fotosintéticamente activa (RFA), la temperatura y humedad relativa del aire, el potencial mátrico del suelo, consumo de agua y rendimiento. Los materiales de cubierta fueron polietileno transparente, polietileno blanco y malla blanca tipo antiáfidos. Cada material de cubierta fue un tratamiento y el testigo sin cubierta. La densidad de siembra fue de 1,5 plantas/m2 establecidas en suelo, bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones y 20 plantas por unidad experimental en cada ambiente. La cubierta de polietileno transparente aumentó la temperatura del ambiente, el potencial mátrico del suelo y disminuyó la humedad relativa, también aumentó el consumo de agua (84 L/planta/ciclo) y su eficiencia (26 L/kg fruto) así como el rendimiento (3,23 kg/planta). Se concluye que la cubierta de polietileno trasparente aumentó en 114% la eficiencia en el uso del agua y en 158% el rendimiento de tomate de cáscara cultivar Rendidora.
Yield and quality of the Tetsukabuto squash fruits induced with 2,4-D doses under dry conditions
Authors: Queiroga Roberto CF , Silva Gabriel D , Pereira Auderlan M , Almeida Ricardo RP , Silva Ariano B
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Squashes and pumpkins are known and grown worldwide, including the Tetsukabuto type, a hybrid of Japanese origin. On this work, we evaluated yield and quality of parthenocarpic fruits of hybrid Tetsukabuto developed with the use of 2,4-D doses, in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semiarid, in the city of Pombal, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from February to May 2013, in complete blocks at random and five replications. Treatments corresponded to five 2,4-D doses (0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 mg/L) applied to female flowers, and a control treatment, where fruits developed out of insect pollinated flowers. We evaluated number of flowers per plant, duration of flowering, number of fruits per plant (used to estimate number of fruits per hectare), fruit set index, fruit mass and transversal and longitudinal diameters, pulp thickness and content of soluble solids, total fruit production and yield. Number of fruits per plant and fruit mass increased 269.5 and 15.4%, respectively, with 212.1 mg/L and 360.0 mg/L of 2,4-D, when compared to the control treatment. Increasing the 2,4-D dose from 0.0 to 241.4 mg/L resulted in 38.2% rise in plant production. Correlations were significant only for number of flowers x number of fruits per plant (NF) and NF x yield, with coefficients of 87.5 and 82.7%, respectively. These results indicate that fruit induction using 2,4-D resulted in higher fruit set, independent of the 2,4-D dose applied.
A percepção do outro no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem: presença social e suas implicações para Educação a Distância
Authors: COELHO WILLYANS GARCIA , TEDESCO PATRICIA CABRAL DE AZEVEDO RESTELLI
Published: July 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi delimitar o conceito de presença social e apontar suas implicações para a Educação a Distância (EAD). Presença social é um termo da Psicologia relacionado à percepção do indivíduo sobre a maneira como ele se sente na interação com os outros, na comunicação mediada por tecnologia. São apresentados estudos acerca dos desafios para promover a aprendizagem colaborativa e a interação em ambientes virtuais e, então, discutidos o papel da tecnologia e dos comportamentos das pessoas nesse processo. As reflexões indicam que estudar o nível de presença social nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA) é fundamental para compreender a interação entre os aprendizes e promover a aprendizagem colaborativa na EAD.
El trabajo colaborativo en red impulsor del desarrollo profesional del profesorado
Authors: MONTAÑO MARIA JOSÉ NAVARRO , MARTÍNEZ ANTONIA LÓPEZ , TORRE MARIA ELENA HERNÁNDEZ DE LA
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN En este artículo se presenta un estudio de caso sobre una estrategia de aprendizaje colaborativo entre profesionales de la educación en un ámbito específico de trabajo, el alumnado con autismo, para apoyar el intercambio de experiencias a través de las redes. La muestra se compone de un equipo de 11 profesoras de aulas de autismo específicas, cuyo trabajo se basa en diseñar y contrastar estrategias educativas de actuación para este alumnado. La recogida de datos se ha realizado a través de entrevistas en grupo, cuestionarios y análisis del Plan de Trabajo. Los resultados indican que el trabajo planificado y consensuado, con una trayectoria común de participación continuada en el tiempo, ofrece una garantía de calidad que camina hacia la mejora en educación. Así, el grupo de trabajo ofrece seguridad profesional a sus participantes, favorece la consecución de objetivos comunes y evita el aislamiento profesional de los profesores en aulas específicas, ya que la comunicación en la red es la base de su trabajo.
Costs of biosecurity measures in Brazilian laying hens farms in response to policies against Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease and Salmonellosis
Authors: LAGATTA Luciano , GAMEIRO Augusto Hauber
Published: July 2017

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to estimate costs for egg production and for implementation of biosecurity measures described by Normative Instructions No. 56/2007, No. 59/2009, No. 36/2012 and No. 10/2013 on production costs in these establishments. To attend the “National Avian Health Program” and the “National Plan for the Prevention of Avian Influenza and Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease”, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a series of legal acts to establish the “Procedures for Register, Inspection and Control of Breeding and Commercial Avian Establishments” intensifying the measures for prevention of high economic impact illnesses in avian flocks of the country. The adaptations comprise items of structure and biosecurity procedures that aim to increase the level of isolation of the birds to maintain them with the best health status as possible. These adaptations can result in more expenses and dedication from the producers. Thus, production costs were obtained through personal interviews with 10 voluntary commercial farmers of laying hens in Limeira region, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between June and July, 2013. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of biosecurity measures has relatively low costs when compared to the possible risks of diseases outbreaks and the consequent economic losses that justify the adoption of these practices.
Composição química de silagem e feno de Gliricídia sepium em diferentes alturas de resíduo
Authors: CARVALHO Chrislanne Barreira de Macêdo , SILVA Shirlenne Ferreira , CARNEIRO Maria Socorro de Souza , EDVAN Ricardo Loiola , PEREIRA Elzânia Sales
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade química de silagem e feno de gliricídia em diferentes alturas de resíduo. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial (3×2), constando de três alturas de resíduo (70, 90 e 110 cm) e dois procedimentos de conservação de forragem (silagem e fenação) com quatro repetições. Para os valores de pH da gliricídia in natura e silagem não diferiram em relação à altura de resíduo, diferente dos teores de nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3), onde na altura de 70 cm, apresentaram menores valores. As alturas de corte não influenciaram as perdas por gases, efluentes e recuperação da matéria seca da silagem de gliricídia. O feno apresentou maiores teores de proteína bruta (PB). O menor valor de matéria seca (MS) a 70 cm para o feno, conferiu-lhe menor acúmulo de massa seca, apresentando ainda, valores superiores de extrato etéreo (EE) e fibra detergente neutro (FDN) em relação à silagem para as alturas de 70 e 90 cm. A planta mantida em altura mais elevada (110 cm), acumulou maior EE e concentração de material fibroso. A silagem de gliricídia apresenta valores adequados de pH independente da altura residual, assim como não influenciam as perdas fermentativas da silagem, no entanto, há perdas elevada de N-NH3 para altura residual 110 cm. MS, EE e FDN sofrem influência das alturas de resíduos, assim como pelos métodos de conservação.
Performance, carcass parameters, meat quality and lipid profile from feedlot young bulls fed cottonseed
Authors: ESTEVES Claudiana , VARASCHIN Mary Suzan , GARBOSSA Cesar Augusto Pospissil , MARÇAL Joanna Oliveira , CARVALHO Fernanda Paul de , FARIA Peter Bitencourt
Published: July 2017

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, carcass, meat quality, fatty acid profile and liver alterations of cattle supplemented with cottonseed feedlot. It used 100 Nelore cattle, being divided into two groups of 50 animals, which received a cottonseed (CS) in grain form by the diet in the proportion of 15% and the other group was provided with control diet without CS in the feedlot for 88 days. The diets were isoprotein and isoenergetic and concentrate:roughage ratio of 60:40. The animals were slaughter in the end of experimental time and the collection of liver samples for histological analysis. After cooling 24 hours at ± 1°C were conducted evaluation of carcass and major cuts, final pH and collected muscle samples longissimus to carry out the physicochemical analyzes (Color, Cooking Loss, Pigments and Shear Force), chemical composition, fatty acid profile and oxidation. The inclusion of CS in the diet provided animals with higher slaughter weight, daily weight gain, Hindquarter, however, the animals showed reduced carcass yield, forequarter weight and Thin flank, without changing the parameters as rib-eye area and backfat thickness. There was an increase of the yellow values (b*) and moisture with the final pH reduction. There was no influence of the use of cottonseed in relation to histological parameters evaluated in the liver. The cottonseed in the feeding feedlot cattle promoted improvement in animal performance, despite the reduction of the forequarter weight, with appropriate aspects of meat quality, fatty acid profile and conservation.
O difícil diálogo entre escola e mídia
Authors: Zanchetta Junior Juvenal
Published: July 2017

Resumo Desde a década de 1930, quando o Estado Novo organiza a escola básica e superior no país, e também momento em que se esboça o modo como os meios de comunicação de massa viriam a tratar do tema da educação, escola formal e mídia sempre percorreram caminhos distintos, embora a finalidade educativa faça parte determinante do estatuto das duas instituições. Nesta pesquisa, investigamos os motivos que levaram a essa característica, principalmente no que diz respeito à escola secundária. Entre as principais razões para o distanciamento está o isolamento da escola secundária em relação à mídia, resultante da legislação regulatória e das tendências pedagógicas para a ação escolar. As principais referências para a análise foram a legislação e orientações curriculares federais para a escola secundária (1930-2016), os livros didáticos voltados para a disciplina de português (1970-2016), e a Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (1940-1970). Entre as constatações mais gerais estão a secundarização da estratégia de aproximar escola e mídia por meio da franca opção por veículos e projetos próprios do Estado (tendência determinante desde a década de 1930); e a crescente exposição de textos midiáticos no cotidiano das ações pedagógicas a partir dos anos 1970, mas com predomínio de atividades voltadas ao atendimento do currículo regular, distantes da avaliação do contexto midiático.
Representações de alunos sobre a integração curricular das TIC no ensino básico
Authors: Cruz Elisabete
Published: July 2017

Resumo Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma investigação mais ampla, realizada no contexto de uma tese de doutoramento, cujo propósito é interrogar as potencialidades e os limites da implementação das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) como área de formação transdisciplinar. Trata-se de um estudo desenvolvido a partir de um enfoque qualitativo, compatível com a abordagem fenomenológica, que procurou captar o significado que um grupo de alunos do ensino básico atribuiu a uma experiência de ensino integrado, baseada no envolvimento de professores de diversas disciplinas escolares. Para tanto, analisou-se o conteúdo de entrevistas realizadas com alunos, nas quais figuram as suas representações sobre a experiência vivenciada e as suas ideias no âmbito da temática em causa, incluindo um conjunto de sugestões de melhoria para situações futuras. Conclui-se que, apesar da importância atribuída às TIC enquanto área de formação transdisciplinar, o modelo curricular de matriz disciplinar constitui um paradigma difícil de ser quebrado, inclusive por alunos, que não descartaram a possibilidade de se manter um espaço e um tempo específicos para a aprendizagem sobre tecnologias.
Simple motor tasks independently predict extubation failure in critically ill neurological patients
Authors: Kutchak Fernanda Machado , Rieder Marcelo de Mello , Victorino Josué Almeida , Meneguzzi Carla , Poersch Karla , Forgiarini Junior Luiz Alberto , Bianchin Marino Muxfeldt
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of simple motor tasks such as hand grasping and tongue protrusion as predictors of extubation failure in critically ill neurological patients. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the neurological ICU of a tertiary care hospital in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Adult patients who had been intubated for neurological reasons and were eligible for weaning were included in the study. The ability of patients to perform simple motor tasks such as hand grasping and tongue protrusion was evaluated as a predictor of extubation failure. Data regarding duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, mortality, and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia were collected. Results: A total of 132 intubated patients who had been receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 24 h and who passed a spontaneous breathing trial were included in the analysis. Logistic regression showed that patient inability to grasp the hand of the examiner (relative risk = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.01-2.44; p < 0.045) and protrude the tongue (relative risk = 6.84; 95% CI: 2.49-18.8; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for extubation failure. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores (p = 0.02), Glasgow Coma Scale scores at extubation (p < 0.001), eye opening response (p = 0.001), MIP (p < 0.001), MEP (p = 0.006), and the rapid shallow breathing index (p = 0.03) were significantly different between the failed extubation and successful extubation groups. Conclusions: The inability to follow simple motor commands is predictive of extubation failure in critically ill neurological patients. Hand grasping and tongue protrusion on command might be quick and easy bedside tests to identify neurocritical care patients who are candidates for extubation.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in beef cattle slaughtered in the metropolitan region of Belém, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Carmo Ediclei Lima do , Morais Rafaela dos Anjos Pinheiro Bogoevich , Lima Michele de Souza , Moraes Carla Cristina Guimarães de , Albuquerque George Rêgo , Silva Aristeu Vieira da , Póvoa Marinete Marins
Published: July 2017

Abstract The relevance of consuming raw or undercooked beef in the transmission of toxoplasmosis is unclear due to the high resistance of cattle to infection. However, this possibility needs to be considered in endemic areas, such as the Amazon, where the consumption of beef is frequent. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies in beef cattle slaughtered in the metropolitan region of Belem, Pará state, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 500 animals of both genders in a licensed slaughterhouse in Belém. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with a cut-off titer of 1:64. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were found in 203 animals (40.6%), with a titer of 64 in 112 animals (55.2%), 128 in 68 animals (33.5%), 256 in 15 animals (7.4%), 512 in 5 animals (2.5%), and 1,024 in 3 animals (1.4%). No significant difference was observed between males and females (p > 0.05). The high frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies observed in beef cattle slaughtered in Belém indicates that the meat of these animals may be an important source of infection for humans and carnivorous domestic animals when inadequately cooked beef is consumed.
The first assessment of the stress inducible defense of Leucaena leucocephala with acaricidal potential effect against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Wanderley Lêdia Feitosa , Batista Karla Lílian Rodrigues , Carvalho Jorgiane Furtado de , Lima Aldilene da Silva , Landulfo Gabriel Alves , Soares Alexandra Martins dos Santos , Costa Junior Livio Martins
Published: July 2017

Abstract Plants respond to wounding caused by mechanical stress or herbivory by synthesizing defense proteins. There are no studies reporting the action of induced plant proteins against ticks. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mechanically wounded Leucaena leucocephala leaves against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Initially, we carried out time course experiments to evaluate the impact of mechanical wounding on the protein content and the peroxidase, catalase and protease inhibitor activities in L. leucocephala. We then evaluated the acaricidal activity on R. (B.) microplus from protein extract collected from L. leucocephala after mechanical wounding. L. leucocephala leaves were artificially wounded, and after 6, 12, 24 and 48h, the leaves were collected for protein extraction. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the proteins were performed. The protein content and peroxidase and protease activities increased 12h after wounding, and the acaricidal activity of this protein extract was evaluated using engorged R. (B.) microplus females. The protein extract obtained after wounding reduced egg production (8.5%) compared to those without wounding. Furthermore, the extract reduced egg hatching by 47.7% and showed an overall efficacy of 56.3% at 0.1 mgP/mL of the protein. We demonstrated that L. leucocephala defensive proteins could be effective against R. (B.) microplus.
Gut transcriptome analysis on females of Ornithodoros mimon (Acari: Argasidae) and phylogenetic inference of ticks
Authors: Landulfo Gabriel Alves , Patané José Salvatore Leister , Silva Dalton Giovanni Nogueira da , Junqueira-de-Azevedo Inácio Loiola Meirelles , Mendonca Ronaldo Zucatelli , Simons Simone Michaela , Carvalho Eneas de , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes
Published: July 2017

Abstract Ornithodoros mimon is an argasid tick that parasitizes bats, birds and opossums and is also harmful to humans. Knowledge of the transcripts present in the tick gut helps in understanding the role of vital molecules in the digestion process and parasite-host relationship, while also providing information about the evolution of arthropod hematophagy. Thus, the present study aimed to know and ascertain the main molecules expressed in the gut of argasid after their blood meal, through analysis on the gut transcriptome of engorged females of O. mimon using 454-based RNA sequencing. The gut transcriptome analysis reveals several transcripts associated with hemoglobin digestion, such as serine, cysteine, aspartic proteases and metalloenzymes. The phylogenetic analysis on the peptidases confirmed that most of them are clustered with other tick genes. We recorded the presence a cathepsin O peptidase-coding transcript in ticks. The topology of the phylogenetic inferences, based on transcripts of inferred families of homologues, was similar to that of previous reports based on mitochondrial genome and nuclear rRNA sequences. We deposited 2,213 sequence of O. mimon to the public databases. Our findings may help towards better understanding of important argasid metabolic processes, such as digestion, nutrition and immunity.
Metazoan parasites of Plagioscion squamosissimus, an invasive species in the Tietê River, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lapera Ivan Moura , Silva Ana Carolina da , Canônico Bruno Marreto , Perezin Gabriela de Farias , Tebaldi José Hairton , Pala Gabriela , Manrique Wilson Gómez , Hoppe Estevam Guilherme Lux
Published: July 2017

Abstract This study focused on the characterization and analysis of communities and infra-communities of metazoan parasites of Plagioscion squamosissimus caught in Promissão Reservoir in the Tietê River in Borborema (21°39′58”S, 49°8′49”W), state of São Paulo, Brazil. Fifty adult specimens caught by professional fishermen in March 2015 were necropsied. The fish presented an average standard length of 25.2 ± 2.2 cm and average weight of 328.82 ± 89.03 g. A total of 5,227 specimens of metazoan parasites were collected: 2,880 (55.1%) adult Diplectanum piscinarius (Monogenoidea: Diplectanidae) and 2,347 (44.9%) Austrodiplostomum compactum metacercariae (Digenea, Diplostomidae), both with 100% prevalence and mean abundance of 57.6 and 46.9, respectively. Parasite diversity was low (species richness = 2), with a Simpson index (D) equal to 0.505, and low values of Brillouin (HB = 0.687) and Margalef diversity (I = 0.117) indices. Berger-Parker’s index of dominance (p = 0.551) indicated a slight dominance of the monogenean parasite D. piscinarius. There was a positive correlation, assessed by Pearson coefficient between parasite abundance of D. piscinarius and standard length (r = 0.43) and weight (r = 0.51) of hosts.
T lymphocytes and macrophages in the intestinal tissues of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum
Authors: Silva Diogo Tiago da , Alves Maria Luana , Spada Júlio Cesar Pereira , Silva Aline Cristine da , Silveira Rita de Cássia Viveiros da , Oliveira Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa , Starke-Buzetti Wilma Aparecida
Published: July 2017

Abstract This study was about a semi-quantitative analysis of T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+, FoxP3+ regulatory T cells), and macrophages in the gut wall of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. Thirteen dogs were divided into three groups: group 1 (G1, n=5), dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and infected with L. infantum amastigotes in the intestine; group 2 (G2, n=5), dogs with CVL but without intestinal amastigotes; and group 3 (G3, n=3), uninfected dogs (control group). There was no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) on CD4+ and Treg cell numbers among the groups, whereas the levels of CD8+ T cells and macrophages were significantly higher in dogs from G1 group than in G2 and G3 (p ≤ 0.05), especially in intestinal segments with high parasite burden. Parasite burden correlated positively with levels of CD8+ T cells and macrophages (p ≤ 0.05), but was inversely correlated to levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes and FoxP3+ Treg cells. In conclusion, in the intestine of dogs with CVL, the increase of CD8+ T cells and macrophages population associated with high parasite burdens, but no changes of CD4+ T cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells suggest a possible immunoregulation by the parasite not dependent on Treg cells.
Tunnelling close beneath an existing tunnel in clay – perpendicular undercrossing
Authors: Gue C. Y. , Wilcock M. J. , Alhaddad M. M. , Elshafie M. Z. E. B. , Soga K. , Mair R. J.
Published: July 2017

A series of centrifuge model tests in clay was carried out to investigate the response of an existing tunnel at different clear distances to new tunnelling. A three-dimensional (3D) staged tunnelling model was adopted to simulate a wide range of tail void volume losses for the new tunnel construction while monitoring detailed 3D soil surface settlements and tunnelling-induced strains in the existing tunnel lining. This paper also presents a detailed case study of a similar scenario in the London Underground redevelopment of Bond Street station; various state-of-the-art instrumentation methods, including fibre optic Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry, instrumented tunnel bolts and photogrammetry, were deployed to monitor the response of the existing Royal Mail tunnel due to the new tunnelling works close beneath. The combination of field and centrifuge modelling data provides important new insights into the deformation mechanisms encountered in such complex tunnelling scenarios.
FSGS as an Adaptive Response to Growth-Induced Podocyte Stress
Authors: Nishizono Ryuzoh , Kikuchi Masao , Wang Su Q. , Chowdhury Mahboob , Nair Viji , Hartman John , Fukuda Akihiro , Wickman Larysa , Hodgin Jeffrey B. , Bitzer Markus , Naik Abhijit , Wiggins Jocelyn , Kretzler Matthias , Wiggins Roger C.
Published: July 2017

Glomerular sclerotic lesions develop when the glomerular filtration surface area exceeds the availability of podocyte foot process coverage, but the mechanisms involved are incompletely characterized. We evaluated potential mechanisms using a transgenic (podocin promoter-AA-4E-BP1) rat in which podocyte capacity for hypertrophy in response to growth factor/nutrient signaling is impaired. FSGS lesions resembling human FSGS developed spontaneously by 7 months of age, and could be induced earlier by accelerating kidney hypertrophy by nephrectomy. Early segmental glomerular lesions occurred in the absence of a detectable reduction in average podocyte number per glomerulus and resulted from the loss of podocytes in individual glomerular capillary loops. Parietal epithelial cell division, accumulation on Bowman’s capsule, and tuft invasion occurred at these sites. Three different interventions that prevented kidney growth and glomerular enlargement (calorie intake reduction, inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex, and inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme) protected against FSGS lesion development, even when initiated late in the process. Ki67 nuclear staining and unbiased transcriptomic analysis identified increased glomerular (but not podocyte) cell cycling as necessary for FSGS lesion development. The rat FSGS-associated transcriptomic signature correlated with human glomerular transcriptomes associated with disease progression, compatible with similar processes occurring in man. We conclude that FSGS lesion development resulted from glomerular growth that exceeded the capacity of podocytes to adapt and adequately cover some parts of the filtration surface. Modest modulation of the growth side of this equation significantly ameliorated FSGS progression, suggesting that glomerular growth is an underappreciated therapeutic target for preservation of renal function.
The role of metastin in pathogenesis of genital endometriosis
Authors: Aylamazyan Edvard K. , Yarmolinskaya Mariya I. , Ganbarli Nigar F. , Tkachenko Natalia N. , Tolibova Gulrukhsor Kh. , Tral Tatyana G. , Rulev Viktor V. , Tsipurdeeva Anna A.
Published: July 2017

Materials and methods. 28 patients with GE of I-II degrees of prevalence (R-AFS) were included in the study. Control group consisted of 11 healthy women. All the patients underwent laparoscopy and hysteroscopy with histological examination of ovarian tissue, peritoneum and endometrium; patients with GE also were performed histological examination of endometrioid of heterotopies. Definition of levels of kisspeptin, FSH, LH, prolactin, AMH, estradiol, estrone, androgens (free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone – DHEA) in peripheral blood in healthy women and in patients with GE were conducted by ELISA on the 2nd and 8th days of menstrual cycle. Immunohistochemical method was used to evaluate expression of metastine (kisspeptin) and its receptor in ovarian tissue, peritoneum, in endometrioid heterotopies and in endometrium.

Results. Hormonal survey has revealed that the level of kisspeptin in peripheral blood was reliably higher compared to its level in the control group. Immunohistochemical study found that in patients with GE area of expression of KISS and KISS1R receptor in endometrium was reliably lower when compared with these values in the control group. In the foci of endometrioid heterotopies, which were located on the pelvic peritoneum, it was observed a reliable increase in protein КІЅЅ1 expression and receptor KISS1R compared to fragments of intact peritoneum. The area of expression of receptor KISS1R in endometrioid heterotopies was reliably higher than the area of its expression in endometrium of patients with GE and in endometrium of women of the control group. Direct correlation between the area of protein expression (KISS) in endometrium with level kisspeptin on the 8th day of menstrual cycle in peripheral blood (rs = 0,90) has been revealed. It has been determined that the level of kisspeptin on the 2nd day of menstrual cycle in peripheral blood correlates with the area of expression of receptor KISS1R in peritoneum (rs = 0,57). A direct correlation between the area of expression of receptor KISS1R in peritoneum with the level of kisspeptin on the 8th day of menstrual cycle in serum has been found (rs = 0,90).

Conclusion. The obtained data show a definite role of kisspeptin in pathogenesis of genital endometriosis. It can be assumed that the increase in the level of metastine (kisspeptin) in peripheral blood and increased expression of KISS1 in endometrioid heterotopies and especially its receptor KISS1R are compensatory-adaptive response aimed at deterrence of further spread of endometriosis. The obtained results justify the need to continue research in this direction for a deeper understanding of pathogenesis of the disease and possible use of kisspeptin as biomarker for non-invasive diagnostics as well as potential targeted therapy of GE.
New approaches to the estimation of endometrial dysfunction
Authors: Aylamazyan Edvard K. , Tolibova Gulrukhsor Kh. , Tral Tatyana G. , Kogan Igor U. , Yarmolinskaya Mariya I. , Tsipurdeeva Anna A. , Rodichkina Valeriia R. , Kvetnoy Igor M.
Published: July 2017

Introduction. The application of modern methods for assessing the morphofunctional state of the endometrium to verify and study the expression of sex steroid hormones, proinflammatory markers and markers of angiogenesis using confocal laser scanning microscopy will allow an objective study of the role of studied markers in the pathogenesis of the endometrial dysfunction.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of ER and PR receptors in endometrium in patients with endometrial dysfunction.

Material and methods. Endometrial biopsy specimens obtained with the aid of a pile-biopsy or a scraping from the uterine cavity are used to conduct the method of immunofluorescent confocal laser scanning microscopy. It is possible to use both cryostat material and paraffin blocks to provide the immunohistochemical analysis. Monoclonal antibodies to ER (1 : 60, Dako, Denmark) and PR (1 : 50, Dako, Denmark) are used as primary antibodies, antibodies conjugated with fluorochrome Alexa Fluor 647 (1 : 1000, Abcam, England) are used as secondary antibodies). Hoechst 33258 (Sigma, USA) is used for staining of cell nuclei.

Results. A method of confocal laser scanning microscopy makes it possible to conduct qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the studied markers in different structures of the endometrium.
Body composition indices and tissue loss in patients with resectable gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Aahlin Eirik Kjus , Irino Tomoyuki , Johns Neil , Brismar Torkel , Nilsson Magnus , Revhaug Arthur , Lassen Kristoffer
Published: July 2017

Background

Body composition analyses from computed tomography (CT) scans have been used to assess cachexia in cancer patients. We investigated body composition indices, tissue change and treatment outcome in patients with resectable gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods

A cohort analysis of all patients treated with curative intent for gastric adenocarcinoma in two Scandinavian university hospitals from 2008–2011 was performed (n=137). Body composition analyses were performed on CT images taken for routine diagnostics and staging. Both preoperative single scans and repeat CT examinations were analyzed.

Results

Perioperative chemotherapy was given to 58 (42.3%) patients. Forty patients (29.2%) suffered severe postoperative complications and 70 (51.1%) patients died within three years. There was a significant reduction in patients' lean tissue during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.001). There was no association between skeletal muscle tissue index and postoperative complications. Poorer survival was observed in patients with preoperative skeletal muscle tissue index within the lowermost quartile, independent of tumor characteristics and neoadjuvant treatment (HR=1.91, 95% CI 1.11–3.28, p=0.019).

Conclusions

Patients lost lean tissue during neoadjuvant treatment for gastric adenocarcinoma. Low preoperative skeletal muscle index was not associated with postoperative complications, but strongly associated with poorer survival.
Lean body mass, muscle fibre size and muscle function in cancer patients during chemotherapy and 10 weeks exercise
Authors: Lønbro Simon , Farup Jean , Bentsen Signe , Voss Thomas , Rittig Nikolaj , Wang Jakob , Ørskov Morten , Højris Inger , Mikkelsen Ulla Ramer
Published: July 2017

Background

Chemotherapy can reduce muscle mass in cancer patients but the potential of exercise to ameliorate this is understudied, particularly at the myocellular level. The primary purpose was to investigate changes in lean body mass (LBM) and secondly single fibre cross‐sectional area (CSA) in cancer patients during chemotherapy and in combination with 10 weeks of exercise.

Methods

In a single‐arm trial, patients adhered to chemotherapy for at least 4 weeks (control period) before 10 weeks of exercise adjunct to chemotherapy (exercise period). LBM (Dual Energy X‐ray Absorptiometry) and single fibre CSA (muscle biopsies) were assessed at baseline, pre‐ and post‐exercise. Muscle strength, functional performance and aerobic capacity were also assessed.

Results

Ten patients were included, however only six patients completed the protocol. LBM changed over time (p=0.013), but no significant changes were observed between specific time points. Numerically, LBM decreased by 0.3 kg (p=0.41, 95% CI: ‐1.1;0.5) from 41.3–41.0kg, during the control period and increased by 0.7 kg (p=0.16, 95% CI: ‐0.6;2.0) from 40.4–41.1 kg during exercise. Muscle fibre CSA did not change significantly over time (p=0.13), but decreased numerically in the control period by 703 μm2 (p=0.20, 95% CI: ‐1877; 470) and increased by 846 μm2 (trend, p=0.08, 95% CI: ‐162; 1854) following exercise. Muscle strength and functional performance were unchanged during the control period but improved post‐exercise.

Conclusions

Despite non‐significant changes in muscle mass (due to small sample size), this study adds novel information on LBM and myocellular changes in cancer patients during chemotherapy and concurrent exercise.
Comparative study between proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw with trochanteric stabilizing plate in unstable intertrochantric femur fractures
Authors: Patil Siddaram N. , Srinivas Pandurangaiah
Published: July 2017

Background: Unstable fractures accounts for approximately 50 to 60% of all intertrochanteric fractures. Failure rates of (DHS) dynamic hip screw for unstable fracture patterns are as high as 50%. Proximal femoral nail is technically more demanding surgery and also associated with complications like implant failure, femoral shaft fracture, improper reduction, screw cut-out and non-union. This study was done to compare the results of using Trochanteric stabilization plate in addition to dynamic hip screw versus proximal femoral nail which is considered as a better implant for unstable fractures.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted comparing outcomes of proximal femoral nailing versus trochanteric stabilization plate with dynamic hip screw for 44 patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures (22 each). Harris hip scoring system and Parker mobility score was used for evaluation.

Results: In our study, Average time of union in all 22 patients of PFN group was about 12 weeks while average time of union in all 22 patients of DHS with TSP group was about 14 weeks. The Harris hip score was 85.45 in DHS with TSP group while it was 84.72 in the PFN group (p=0.846). The Parker mobility score was 7.81 in the DHS with TSP group while it was 7.95 in the PFN group (p=0.728).

Conclusions: Use of TSP with DHS can give good results in unstable IT fractures. Addition of TSP to DHS gives good lateral wall buttress which prevent excessive medialisation of shaft and gives comparable result to PFN.
THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL SPACE IN PRESCHOOLERS' LEARNING PROCESSES
Authors: Močinić Snježana , Feresin Catina
Published: July 2017

Purpose of the study

The first aim of the present article was to investigate the role of school environment as an important factor in the learning process of children attending preschools in Istria (i.e. a part of Croatia where many people speak Italian).

The school space is also called “Third educator” by famous pedagogues and it is constituted by labs, corridors, materials shape of the building, colours of the walls, quality of the lightings, type of furnishings and all didactic materials. It is a specific environment where the children live, learn, experience, get in touch with other people.

Methodology

The method used in our research was both quantitative as qualitative analyses of pedagogical documentation, observation of the environment of preschools and interviews with the educational boards of every school.

Results

The results showed that the school space is mostly in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation of the Country of Croatia and also confirmed the importance of it as “Third educator”, especially when the educators themselves were able to ameliorate the richness of corners and materials made available for children, encouraging in this way the development of the child's independence, maturation of identity and development of competencies.

Implications

In conclusion, school environment significantly affects child's learning, both because of the influence of architectural structures as because relational contexts and stimuli offered by the environment and by the educators. It means that the Ministry of Education in any Country should pay attention to the way buildings are constructed, especially regarding the richness of corners and materials at disposal of the children and of the educators.
DESAFIOS E CONQUISTAS DA APICULTURA NO VALE DO PARAÍBA-SP: A JORNADA DOS EMPREENDEDORES APÍCOLAS FAMILIARES
Authors: Pasin Luiz Eugênio Veneziani , Barreto Lídia Maria Ruv Carelli , De Souza Elisa Maria Pires , Dib Ana Paula , Nordi João Carlos Carlos
Published: July 2017

Em 2007, visando aproveitar o potencial da região do Vale do Paraíba-SP, melhorar o sistemade produção e promover ações empreendedoras entre os apicultores familiares, iniciou-se a construçãodas ações que resultou na metodologia denominada “Ciranda do Mel”. Esta possibilitou umaação multidisciplinar que envolveu diversos atores e agentes socioprodutivos com alcance de resultadossurpreendentes ao longo destes 07 anos. Esta metodologia de ações participativas se fundamentana atuação coletiva entre os participantes e o envolvimento dos familiares, onde durante a execuçãodo programa são realizadas visitas mensais, treinamentos; discussão das ações; aplicação de tarefase rodízio de acompanhamento dos resultados específicos nos apiários dos apicultores participantes.A “Ciranda do Mel” com o passar do tempo incorporou novos propósitos, que permitiram ampliar ohorizonte dos apicultores e seus familiares, alcançando um nível de arranjo e organização sócio produtiva,que viabilizou o alcance em outras áreas além da apicultura, como o desenvolvimento das artes,artesanato, culinária, cosméticos e produção de olerícolas. Atualmente o maior desafio dos grupos estána capacidade de se organizar para conquistar de maneira plena o acesso aos novos mercados institucionais(Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos-PAA e ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar– PNAE), pois estas novas oportunidades têm possibilitado o surgimento de novos empreendimentosassociativos e a comercialização da produção ou parte dela.
PERSPECTIVAS ANALÍTICAS PARA O ESTUDO DAS INOVAÇÕES CAMPONESAS
Authors: Simões Aquiles Vasconcelos
Published: July 2017

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Genetic aspects of primary hyperaldosteronism and pheochromocytoma
Authors: Vorokhobina N. V. , Shustov S. B. , Balandina K. A. , Galakhova R. K.
Published: July 2017

Pheochromocytoma and primary hyperaldosteronism are the most common causes of secondary hypertension. In a group of patients with primary hyperaldosteronism the prevalence of somatic mutation has been established in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA), genetic mutations have been identified in patients with familytypes of the disease. The authors declare that aldosterone-producing cellular clusters, which derived from zona glomerulosa, appear as a result of somatic mutations and might be a precursor of APA. Development of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and APA might be explained by an existence of autoantibodies and their chronic stimulation of zona glomerulosa. The assessment of somatic and germline mutations in patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma facilitates early diagnostics other tumors within syndromic neoplasia. Implementation of new genetic test in practice would improve early diagnosis of adrenal pathology in hypertensive patients.
Atividades da equipe de nutrição do CECOM no ano de 2015
Authors: Moraes Ana Lúcia Carletti
Published: July 2017

Atividades da Equipe de Nutrição do CECOM no ano de 2015 Introdução “A alimentação e nutrição constituem-se em requisitos básicos para a promoção e a proteção da saúde, possibilitando a afirmação plena do potencial de crescimento e desenvolvimento humano, com qualidade de vida e cidadania. A alimentação e a nutrição estão presentes na legislação recente do Estado Brasileiro, com destaque para a Lei 8.080, de 19/09/1990 (BRASIL, 1990), que entende a alimentação como um fator condicionante e determinante da saúde e que as ações de alimentação e nutrição devem ser desempenhadas de forma transversal às ações de saúde, em caráter complementar e com formulação, execução e avaliação dentro das atividades e responsabilidades do sistema de saúde.” http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/politica_nacional_alimentacao_nutricao.pdf O CECOM, seguindo esta diretriz do MS, coloca a Nutrição como um dos pilares básicos dos programas de promoção e prevenção em saúde que leva à comunidade universitária. Resultados Atividades da Nutrição do CECOM no ano de 2015 • Consultas individuais – 1.412 consultas • Grupos de Reeducação Alimentar – 108 encontros • Palestras nas Unidades dentro do PSU – 3 palestras • Participação no CUIDE-SE terapêutico - 100 encontros • Participação no CUIDE-SE motivacional – 21 encontros • Participação no Grupo de Diabetes - 6 encontros • Participação no GT de Promoção e Prevenção – 50 reuniões Através destas atividades, consideradas em conjunto, 3.152 pessoas tiveram acesso a informações sobre alimentação saudável.
Serviço de enfermagem de apoio à assistência relato de experiência
Authors: Oliveira Aline Depintor Coelho Ramos
Published: July 2017

O SEAAS (Serviço de Enfermagem de Apoio à Assistência), está localizado no 5° andar do HC UNICAMP, e tem como objetivo realizar transporte de pacientes e exames laboratoriais, para os diferentes setores dentro do Hospital, no Complexo HC, Campinas e região.O SEAAS realiza mensalmente cerca de 4500 transportes.A equipe é composta por: Uma enfermeira, uma secretária e 34 técnicos e ou auxiliares de enfermagem. O Objetivo principal do SEAAS é contribuir para que os pacientes realizem exames para elucidação diagnóstica, cirurgias, e tratamentos, acompanhados por profissionais de enfermagem, que não estão ligados diretamente à assistência, evitando assim o deslocamento do funcionário da Assistência e proporcionando ao paciente a garantia da continuidade da Assistência de Enfermagem. A unidade de internação solicita via telefone o paciente para para o SEAAS. Com esses dados, o funcionário comparece à Unidade do paciente e o transporta para o destino solicitado. O retorno desse paciente é também executado pelo SEAAS. O transporte desses pacientes acontece de forma dinâmica, de tal forma que o SEAAS contabiliza mensalmente cerca de 4500 transportes. Eu considero o SEAAS um serviço essencial pois contribui diretamente com a assistência. O fato da equipe ser formada por técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem proporciona maior segurança ao paciente pois são aptos para o atendimento de urgência, além de noção básica para o desenvolvimento de técnicas básicas e primeiro socorros, em caso de necessidade.