bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КАКО ПОВЕЋАТИ МОТИВАЦИЈУ УЧЕНИКА ЗА УЧЕЊЕ У НАСТАВИ МАТЕМАТИКЕ
Authors: Зубац Марина , Милинковић Драгица , Пикула Миленко
Published: April 2019

Мотивисање ученика за учење математике није нимало лаганзадатак, али и пред ученика и пред наставника доноси цијели низ изазова. У овом раду сеизноси неколико идеја за мотивацију ученика у настави математике. Прилагођавањеонога што се учи ученичким интересима, потицање радозналости, активно судјеловањеученика у настави математике, повезивање онога што се учи са животом ученика,историцизми, занимљиви задаци, домаћи и самостални рад ученика, добар наставник,кооперативно учење су неки од начина за повећање мотивације ученика за учењематематике. Сви ови начини поткрепљени су примјерима из учионице.
РАЗЛИКЕ У СТАТУСУ СВОДА СТОПАЛА ИЗМЕЂУ ДЕЧАКА И ДЕВОЈЧИЦА ПРЕДШКОЛСКОГ УЗРАСТА ИЗ БИЈЕЉИНЕ
Authors: Митровић Небојша , Стевић Далибор
Published: April 2019

Деформитети стопала представљају здравствени изазов 21. века,пошто велики проценат деце предшколског и млађег школског узраста има неки оддеформитета стопала, а то је најчешће, спуштен свод стопала. Истраживање јереализовано са циљем да се испитају разлике у статусу свода стопала код децепредшколског узраста из Бијељине (Босна и Херцеговина). Трансверзалнимистраживањем је обухваћено 50 испитаника подељених у два субузорка. Један субузораксу чинили дечаци и то њих 25, а други субузорак су чиниле девојчице, њих 25. У тренуткумерења, сва деца су похађала Пердшколску установу „Чика Јова Змај“ из Бијељине. Замерење спуштеног статуса свода стопала, примењена је најсавременија компјутерскаметода за детекцију равног стопала, дигитални компјутерски снимак. На основудобијених вредности у овом истраживању, констатује се да већина анализиране деце имаспуштен свод стопала. Пројекција добијених резултата омогућиће квалитетнијесагледавање и анализу постојећег проблема у анализираној предшколској установи, сациљем да се дају конкретни предлози за превенцију али и корекцију деформитета убудућности.
ИНОВИРАЊЕ НАСТАВЕ У КОМБИНОВАНИМ ОДЈЕЉЕЊИМА
Authors: Пердан Илић Маја , Ђерманов Јелена , Марић Драгана
Published: April 2019

Егзистенција комбинованих одјељења данас је реалност великог бројашкола, дјеце и наставника и то не само код нас, него и у свијету, те модел васпитно-образовне праксе који се посљедњих година иновира, реафирмише и све више заговара збогниза предности које омогућава. Наставник у комбинованом одјељењу је кључ запланирање, пројектовање и управљање различитим активностима за ученике на начин даим задржи пажњу на учење. Дјелотворност и ефикасност заснива се на развијањуузбудљивих и подстицајних активности, чије потребе задавољавају модели иновативненаставе. С тога, комбинована одјељења не би смјела бити схватана као реликтпрошлости, нити нужно зло усљед неразвијености сеоских подручја, већ прилика да свакодијете добије адекватне услове педагошки обликоване средине за квалитетно образовањеу свом сусједству и непосредном природном и социјалном окружењу. У раду је истакнутзначај иновирања наставе у комбинованим одјељењима.
ЋОПИЋЕВ ПОВРАТАК У КЛАНАЦ ПРИЧА
Authors: Ђурковић Јелина
Published: April 2019

У раду се разматра Ћопићева аутобиографска проза за дјецу: Јутраплавог сљеза и Глава у кланцу, ноге на вранцу, с тежиштем разумијевања модела културеу којем стасава човјек, од дјетињства до зрелог доба. С тим у вези, образлаже сеЋопићев однос према причи и причању као сопственом излазу у слободу.
ОДГОВОРНОСТИ РОДИТЕЉСТВА, СРЕДИНЕ И ИНСТИТУЦИЈА У ПРИПРЕМИ ШКОЛЕ ЗА ДЈЕЦУ
Authors: Спасојевић Перо , Опсеница Сања , Травар Марица , Миљеновић Слађана , Мојић Даница , Ракић Цвијанка
Published: April 2019

Према бројним истраживањима која су публикована између 2012. и2016. године уочени су упозоравајући знаци кризе школа, али и евидентне кризе породице.То, прије свега, указује да постоје значајна неслагања између школе и породице уизвршавању васпитно-образовних функција. Узнемирујући су подаци о неслагањунаставника и родитеља о фундаменталним питањима заједничке одговорности заефекте васпитања и образовања, која би се могла ублажити побољшањем климеразумијевања и повјерења у школи. Поред тога и битно другачијим дјеловањем средине, уширем смислу те ријечи, и, нарочито, уједињавањем основних субјеката, родитеља,наставника и ученика, око модернизовања и унапређивања односа међу кључнимактерима школског рада. Другим ријечима, опредјељење да су дјеца будућност друштвамора се боље разумјети и примијенити у њиховом животном контексту.Током 2017. године педагози и психолози као стручни кадар из удружења грађана„Породични круг” у сарадњи са Педагошким факултетом из Бијељине, провели су пилотпројекат провјере могућности посебне „Школе родитељства”, којим је јасно уоченпроблем недостатка међусобне подршке школе и породице током заједничког дјеловањана квалитенији развој и учење. Родитељи, према Конвенцији УН о правима дјеце, имајуправо на стручну подршку и оснаживање родитељских вјештина. Исто тако, учитељимаје потребно унапређивање компетенција и овладавање вјештинама које ће побољшатиодносе и створити климу међусобног разумијевања и усмјерености ка заједничком циљу –добробити дјеце. Тако би, умјесто уобичајене „припреме дјеце за школу” морало многоозбиљније да се размисли о новој перспективи школе, а то је „припрема школе и срединеза дјецу”. Овај заокрет би укључивао и све капацитете локалне заједнице, посебно тзв.„социјалну средину” али и све природне и културне ресурсе у широј и непосредној околинишколе.
УЧЕНИЧКЕ ПРОЦЈЕНЕ СТИЛОВА РАДА НАСТАВНИКА У НАСТАВНОМ ПРОЦЕСУ ДАНАС
Authors: Перућица Ранка , Сладоје-Бошњак Биљана
Published: April 2019

Савремена истраживања у области образовања показују да наставнистил умногоме одређује квалитет и ниво школског постигнућа ученика. Стилови раданаставника се сматрају веома значајним за успјешно учење у наставном процесу данас.Значајно подручје испитивања представља утврђивање да ли и у ком смислу социјално –статусна обиљежја као пол и узраст ученика су повезани са стиловима рада наставника.Циљ овог рада био је да испитамо како ученици процјењују заступљеност стилова раданаставника у зависности од пола и узраста ученика. Наша главна хипотеза гласила је дапостоје одређене разлике у заступљености стилова рада наставника у зависности одпола и узраста ученика. Узорак истраживања чинили су ученици седмих, осмих и деветихразреда са подручја Сарајевско-романијске регије. На основу добијених резултатаистраживања заступљеност демократског стила рада наставника у зависности од полаученика није регистрована, док је регистрована заступљеност демократског стила узависности од узраста ученика. Када је у питању ученичка процјена присуствааутократског и анархичног стила рада наставника, регистрована је заступљеност обастила у зависности од пола ученика, док заступљеност у зависности од узраста нијерегистрована код аутократског и код анархичног стила рада наставника. Ученицимушког пола су процијенили да њихови наставници у свом раду више користеаутократски и анархични стил рада.
СТАВОВИ НАСТАВНИКА РАЗРЕДНE НАСТАВЕ ПРЕМА ИНТЕРАКТИВНОЈ НАСТАВИ
Authors: Вилотић Слађана
Published: April 2019

С обзиром да је у основној школи Републике Српске законским иподзаконским актима загарантовано право на школовање све дјеце без обзира на њиховеинтелектуалне и друге карактеристике и способности, а на основу дугогодишње сарадњесa наставницима разредне наставе, утврђен је проблем у реализацији ефикaсногнаставног процеса који свим ученицима омогућава квалитетан рад и усвајањефункционалних знања без обзира на њихове индивидуалне способности и могућности.Проблем је већи нарочито ако се узму у обзир резултати лонгитудиналне анализе уписадјеце у први разред основне школе, на основу којих сaм дошлa до показатеља о порастуброја дјеце са различитим сметњама у развоју која похађају редовну наставу. У складу санаведеним намеће се суштинско питање, Како организовати и реализовати наставу, којаће омогућити квалитетан рад ученика млађег школског узраста? Могући одговор јекреирање интерактивног васпитно-образовног процеса који захтијева потпуно другчијиначин мишљења и дјеловања, тј. нове улоге наставника, стварање повољне социо-емоционалне климе у одјељењу за квалитетан рад ученика, при чему је нагласак наактивности ученика, као и међусобној интеракцији, како би сваки ученик имао прилику даучи и напредује у границама својих способности и могућности. Дакле, чињеница да сам сеу току дванаестогодишњег увида у рад наставника разредне наставе сусрела самногобројним проблемима и дилемама у раду наставника, навела ме је да циљ овога радапосветим анализирању ставова наставника према интерактивној настави и њиховемотивације за примјену различитих модела интерактивне наставе у свакодневнојваспитно-образовној пракси у циљу утицаја на квалитет рада ученика.
ФОРМАТИВНО ПРОВЈЕРАВАЊЕ НА ФАКУЛТЕТИМА У СВЈЕТЛУ РЕФОРМИ ВИСОКОШКОЛСКОГ ОБРАЗОВАЊА СТУДЕНАТА
Authors: Симеуновић Владо , Милић Сања , Бјелица Дејана
Published: April 2019

Провјера студентских постигнућа представља једну од основнихфункција сваке високошколске институције. Оцјена представља сумативни исказодређених постигнућа изражених одређеним симболом. У структури новонасталогвисокошколског система (болоњски процес) једна од суштинских промјена односи се насвођење наставних предмета на један семестар. Идеја се односи на промјерање фокусаса садржаја на остваривање циљева учења и стварање структура знања са значајнимимпактом на систем цјеложивотног учења. Основна идеја овог рада била је испитивањеначина формативног провјеравања студентских постигнућа у контексту обавеза којепроизилазе из системских докумената (Закон о високом образовању, правила студирања,структура НПП, структура силабуса, препоруке Европске комисије у области високогобразовања. Испитали смо начин на који наставници врше формативно провјеравање,анализирали учесталост, квалитативне карактеристике и њихов утицај на коначнопостигнуће. Истраживање смо реализовали као студију случаја на Педагошкомфакултету у Бијељини. Резултати анализе показали су да постоји значајно одступањепрописаних обавеза у погледу провјеравања постигнућа од реализованих. Такође,примјетна је значајна разлика у вредновању појединих активности чак и код сроднихпредмета. Постоје предмети и без завршног испита код којих се предиспитне обавезепретварају у коначну оцјену. Значајан је распон броја бодова који се могу освојити у токунаставног процеса. Све наведено указује на потребу оспособљавања наставника запримјену система провјеравања и вредновања студентских постигнућа у складу сапрокламованим идејама и стандардима образовања у Европској унији.
PROGRAM OBUKE SKIJANJA SKI ŠKOLE VUČKO
Authors: Ćeremidžić Dejan
Published: April 2019

Cilj ovog rada je bio da se predstavi program obuke skijanja ski škole “Vučko” sa posebnimosvrtom na tipične greške koje se pojavljuju u obuci tehnike skijanja i vježbe kojim je najlakšeizvršiti korekcije istih. Sekundarni cilj je bio da se utvrdi uticaj navedenog programa rada naskijašku izvedbu polaznika ski škole Vučko. Na početku istraživanja polaznici ski škole sudemonstrirali osnovne elemente skijaške tehnike: spust pravo, pluženje sa zaustavljanjem, klinastizaokret sa i bez uboda štapa, osnovni zavoj, zaokret ka padini, vijuganje u uskom i širokomhodniku. Tehnika polaznika ocjenjena je od strane trojice ispitivača (profesori sa ISIAlicencama). Uzorak ispitanika su djeca 12 do 13 godina starosti koja skijaju plužnom tehnikom.Po završetku obuke alpskog skijanja svi ispitanici demonstrirali su osam navedenih elemenataskijaške tehnike ispred trojice nezavisnih ispitivača.Analiza rezultata pokazala je napredak u svihosam elemenat skijaške tehnike. Svi ispitanici u sa plužne tehnike prešli na veći nivo skijašketehnike (paralelno skijanje). Osnovni skijaški stav, kontrola brzine i balansa, brzina prelaska izjednog zavoja u drugi, položaj skija u zavoju su elementi na kojima je obraćena posebna pažnja.
UTICAJ KVALITATIVNOG IZVOĐENJA VATERPOLO ŠKARA NA JAČINU IZBAČAJA LOPTE U USLOVIMA NARUŠENE HOMEOSTAZE
Authors: Guzina Bojan , Grahovac Goran , Trivun Milomir
Published: April 2019

Na uzorku od 25 vaterpolista različitog kvalitativnog nivoa izvršena je procjena značaja kvaliteta „škara“ na jačinu bacanja vaterpolo lopte u uslovima optimalnog stanja aktuelne muskulature, kao i nakon pojave lokalnog zamora te procjena maksimalne sile ispitanika ostvarene prilikom simulacije suta primjenom klasicne dinamometrije. Tehniku ispitanika vrednovala je grupa eksperata dodjelom ocjena u rasponu od 5 do 10. Na osnovu ekspertskih ocjena uzorak je podjeljen u tri kvalitativne grupe: uslovno majstori (4 ispitanika), prosječni vaterpolisti (16 ispitanika) i uslovno početnici (5 ispitanika). Uvidom u dobijene rezultate statističke analize u potpunosti je potvrđena pretpostavka da zamor manje posledice ostavlja kod najkvalitetnijih takmičara. Realizovani nivoi značajnosti, naime, bili su niži od teorijskog limita (Sig.<,05) samo u subuzorcima tehnički prosječnih i najslabijih vaterpolista, dok su u grupi najkvalitetnijih ispitanika razlike izostale. Iako je i kod najjače grupe preciznost u prosjeku opala gotovo za jednu petinu (za oko 19%), ta promjena nije bila dovoljna da bi se proglasila i statistički signifikantnom. U grupi prosječnih i grupi početnika, relativni pad dužine bacanja je bio čak i niži nego u najjačoj grupi (15,99% u srednjoj grupi i 18,4% u najslabijoj), ali je ta promjena, zbog značajno nižih početnih vrijednosti (dobijenih u pretestu) bila ocjenjena kao statistički značajna.
UTICAJ EKSPERIMENTALNOG PROGRAMA VJEŽBANJA NA MORFOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE UČENIKA
Authors: Marković Miloslav , Milić Rajko , Tabaković Samir
Published: April 2019

Populaciju iz koje je uzorak izveden čine učenici prvog i drugog razreda srednjih škola u Kruševcu, muškog pola, starih 15 i 16 godina. Ukupan uzorak od 112 ispitanika je podeljen je na dva subuzorka: Prvi subuzorak od 56 ispitanika obuhvaćen redovnom nastavom fizičkog vaspitanja i trenažnim radom tri puta nedeljno za realizaciju modela motoričkih vežbi u procesu kondicione pripreme u dodatnoj nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja čini eksperimentalnu grupu.Drugi subuzorak od 56 ispitanika obuhvaćen samo redovnom nastavom fizičkog vaspitanja čini kontrolnu grupu ispitanika. Izvršena su dva merenja: inicijalno i finalno.Cilj istraživanja je bio da se najpre utvrde transformacioni procesi morfoloških karakteristika, motoričkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti kod ispitanika eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe a zatim da se u varijablama primenjenih dimenzija utvrdi multivarjantna i univarijantna značajnost u aritmetičkim sredinama između inicijalnog i finalnog merenja. Problem israživanja je da se ispita da li primenjena sredstva, metode i opterećenja u procesu realizacije modela motoričkih vežbi kondicione pripreme sa 36 časova trenažnog rada u dodatnoj nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja mogu da doprinesu statističkom značajnom razvoju morfoloških karakteristika, motoričkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti kod eksperimentalne grupe ispitanika.
Variation in ant-mediated seed dispersal along elevation gradients
Authors: Del Toro Israel , Ribbons Relena R.
Published: April 2019

Ant-mediated seed dispersal, also known as myrmecochory, is a widespread and important mutualism that structures both plant and ant communities. However, the extent to which ant functional types (e.g., granivorous generalists vs. myrmecochorous ants) across environmental gradients affect seed removal rates is not fully understood. We used a replicated, standardized seed removal experiment along elevation gradients in four mountain ranges in the southwestern United States to test predictions that: (1) seed removal rates would be greater at lower elevations, and (2) seed species identity influences seed removal rates (i.e., seeds from their native elevation range would be removed at higher rates than seeds outside of their native elevation range). Both predictions were supported. Seed removal rates were ∼25% higher at lower elevation sites than at higher elevation sites. The low elevation Datura and high elevation Iris were removed at higher rates in their respective native ranges. We attribute observed differences in dispersal rates to changes in ant community composition, functional diversity, and abundance. We also suggest that temperature variation along the elevation gradient may explain these differences in seed removal rates.
O PROFISSIONAL DE SECRETARIADO EXECUTIVO NAS RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Strate Bonzanini Suzana Helena
Published: April 2019

Atualmente as pessoas precisam acompanhar a velocidade das mudanças que ocorrem em todo o mundo. Considerando essa máxima, esta pesquisa visa estudar, analisar e verificar possibilidades de melhorias no setor de Relações Internacionais de Instituições de Ensino Superior, através da otimização dos serviços do Profissional de Secretariado Executivo, a fim de ir ao encontro de um dos objetivos destas Instituições “o de promover o Intercâmbio Acadêmico como forma de crescimento científico, técnico e cultural de seus docentes e discentes”. Para tanto, este estudo discorre sobre a globalização e internacionalização, especificamente no âmbito das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Citando o histórico do Profissional de Secretariado Executivo, seu atual perfil e novas funções a exercer nas organizações, destacando seu papel de mediador. E, em se tratando de Relações Internacionais, aborda as diferenças culturais.
Perspectivas de Atuação do Secretário Executivo na Gestão da Internacionalização da Educação Superior
Authors: Leal Fernanda Geremias , Barreto Moraes Mário Cesar
Published: April 2019

A condição histórica do Brasil o situa em um campo de desafios epistêmicos e de identidade acadêmica, que suscitam dificuldades de deliberação, de decisão e de autonomia na internacionalização da Educação Superior. Diante da necessidade de mudanças operacionais, estruturais e pragmáticas das IFES para lidar com esse processo, e da quantidade significativa de secretários-executivos que atuam nos setores de Relações Internacionais dessas instituições, o propósito deste estudo é investigar se a formação destes profissionais se evidencia como contributiva à gestão da internacionalização nas IFES. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, cuja primeira etapa consistiu no levantamento das competências necessárias à gestão da internacionalização, enquanto a segunda se pautou pela identificação das competências do secretário-executivo, sobretudo no contexto em análise. Elaborou-se um quadro conceitual comparativo dessas duas dimensões, que permitiu identificar a existência de relação teórica entre ambas. Inferiu-se, portanto, que a formação do secretário-executivo e sua teórica migração de um campo operacional e mecanicista para um campo estratégico evidencia um quadro que possibilita sua contribuição para a gestão da integração das dimensões internacional, intercultural e global aos propósitos, às funções e à entrega da Educação Superior.
Physiological Maturity and Determination of the Harvest Time of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.
Authors: De Lima Cruz José Manoel Ferreira , Alves Edna Ursulino , De Farias Otília Ricardo , Araújo Paulo Costa , De Oliveira Ademar Pereira
Published: April 2019

The maturation process of seeds is genetically controlled and involves an organized sequence of physiological changes from the fertilization until the complete independence from the plant. It is recommended that the harvest occurs in the ideal moment, this way the seeds can express their full potential, with maximum dry matter accumulation, reaching high potential of germination and vigor. The objective of this study was to determine the physiological maturity point of cowpea bean seeds (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), cv. Corujinha, aiming to indicate the best harvesting period, in order to guarantee greater germination potential and seed vigor. Cowpea pods were harvest from the third until the twenty-first day after anthesis, with intervals of three days between the harvests. After each harvest, the following evaluations were carried out: pod and seed color, number of seeds per pod, pod and seed biometry, pod and seed moisture, water content, germination, germination speed index, length and dry matter of the shoots and roots. At 15 DAA, the seeds and pods presented light green coloration, with maximum values of length, width, thickness, dry matter, germination percentage and germination speed index, at a vigor level. There was a gradual reduction of water content in the seeds and number of seeds up to 21 DAA. The highest values for shoot and root length were observed at 18 DAA, when seeds and pods showed light brown color and for shoot and root dry matter at 21 DAA, with brown color. The physiological maturity of cowpea seeds was rapid and occurred between 15 and 21 DAA. The harvest is recommended at 15 days after anthesis, when the seeds present high physiological quality.
Bank Credits and Their Influence on Accounts Receivable: The Case of the Forestry Products Sector in Turkey
Authors: Acikgoz Ali Faruk , Demirkol Celal
Published: April 2019

The leverage of bank credit may result in different consequences on current assets. As the accounting procedures report financial credit in two significant terms, short-term bank credit and long-term bank credit, the study tries to reveal the effect of those liabilities on the level of accounts receivable in the forestry products sub-sector in Turkey. The study examines a set of long-term data including current ratio, cash and cash equivalents ratio, and short-term inventories ratio as control variables to test two different models in which either short or long-term bank credit consequence is predicted. The results confirm that time constraints of bank credits have both significant roles on the level of account receivables. However, the significance is barely higher for the effect of long-term bank credit. Therefore, we conclude that the businesses of the forestry products sector in Turkey should also be sensitive primarily on the level of their long-term bank credit along with the level of short-term bank credit amongst the liabilities in balancing the accumulation of accounts receivable. Thus, businesses of the sector would better consider the level of bank credits in the conditions of risky, non-performing or accumulating accounts receivable.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 regulates immortalized chicken preadipocyte proliferation by promoting G1/S cell cycle progression
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Liu Chang , Chen Chong , Su Zhiyong , Shu Jingting , Zhang Ming , Li Hui , Cheng Bohan
Published: April 2019

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) has been reported to regulate adipose development, but its role in preadipocyte proliferation has not been explored in vitro. Here, we investigated the effect of BMP4 on chicken preadipocyte proliferation using immortalized chicken preadipocytes (ICP1 cells) as a cell model. We report that BMP4 expression increases during preadipocyte proliferation. Overexpression and knockdown of BMP4 promotes and inhibits preadipocyte proliferation, respectively. In addition, overexpression of BMP4 decreased the number of preadipocytes at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, and increased the proportion of cells at S phase. In contrast, knockdown of BMP4 increased the number of preadipocytes at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, and decreased the proportion of cells at the S and G2 phases. Furthermore, overexpression of BMP4 promoted the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Id2, cyclin E, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), while knockdown of BMP4 inhibited the expression of Id2, cyclin E, and CDK2. Finally, neither BMP4 overexpression nor BMP4 knockdown affected cell apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that BMP4 may promote proliferation of ICP1 cells by driving cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase.
Active Mixing of Disparate Inks for Multimaterial 3D Printing
Authors: Ortega Jason M. , Golobic Melody , Sain John D. , Lenhardt Jeremy M. , Wu Amanda S. , Fisher Scott E. , Perez Perez Lemuel X. , Jaycox Adam W. , Smay James E. , Duoss Eric B. , Wilson Thomas S.
Published: April 2019

3D printing of multimaterial parts relies upon efficient mixing of the ink components and a rapid response to composition changes. However, at low Reynolds numbers and large Peclet numbers, mixing disparate viscosity and density inks poses a challenge. In this study, the performance of active micromixers for disparate non‐Newtonian inks is evaluated using both experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations. The mixing efficiencies are compared with scaling relationships for active micromixers. Using detailed simulation results, multiple factors are identified that can impact the micromixer response time during a composition change. Lastly, an active micromixer is proposed and evaluated to efficiently mix arbitrary multimaterial ink compositions and produce fine composition gradients within printed parts.
A hexanucleotide repeat modifies expressivity of X‐linked dystonia parkinsonism
Authors: Westenberger Ana , Reyes Charles Jourdan , Saranza Gerard , Dobricic Valerija , Hanssen Henrike , Domingo Aloysius , Laabs Björn‐Hergen , Schaake Susen , Pozojevic Jelena , Rakovic Aleksandar , Grütz Karen , Begemann Kimberly , Walter Uwe , Dressler Dirk , Bauer Peter , Rolfs Arndt , Münchau Alexander , Kaiser Frank J. , Ozelius Laurie J. , Jamora Roland Dominic , Rosales Raymond L. , Diesta Cid Czarina E. , Lohmann Katja , König Inke R. , Brüggemann Norbert , Klein Christine
Published: April 2019

Objective

X‐linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder caused by a single mutation: SINE‐VNTR‐Alu (SVA) retrotransposon insertion in TAF1. Recently, a (CCCTCT)n repeat within the SVA insertion has been reported as an age‐at‐onset (AAO) modifier in XDP. Here we investigate the role of this hexanucleotide repeat in modifying expressivity of XDP.

Methods

We genotyped the hexanucleotide repeat in 355 XDP patients and correlated the repeat number (RN) with AAO (n = 295), initial clinical manifestation (n = 294), site of dystonia onset (n = 238), disease severity (n = 28), and cognitive function (n = 15). Furthermore, we investigated i) repeat instability by segregation analysis and Southern blotting using postmortem brain samples from two affected individuals and ii) relative TAF1 expression in blood RNA from 31 XDP patients.

Results

RN showed significant inverse correlations with AAO and with TAF1 expression and a positive correlation with disease severity and cognitive dysfunction. Importantly, AAO (and not RN) was directly associated with whether dystonia or parkinsonism will manifest at onset. RN was lower in patients affected by mouth/tongue dystonia compared with blepharospasm. RN was unstable across germline transmissions with an overall tendency to increase in length and exhibited somatic mosaicism in brain.

Interpretation

The hexanucleotide repeat within the SVA insertion acts as a genetic modifier of disease expressivity in XDP. RN‐dependent TAF1 repression and subsequent differences in TAF1 mRNA levels in patients may be potentiated in the brain through somatic variability leading to the neurological phenotype. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:812–822.
CoFe2O4@SiO2@ Co (III) salen complex nanoparticle as a green and efficient magnetic nanocatalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohols by molecular O2
Authors: Nasseri Mohammad A. , Hemmat Kaveh , Allahresani Ali , Hamidi‐Hajiabadi Elmira
Published: April 2019

In the presence of cobalt (III) salen complex, selective oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds was studied by molecular oxygen using isobutyraldehyde as an oxygen acceptor. The effect of cobalt (III) salen complex in the oxidation reaction was studied, and the results showed that Co (III) salen complex is very active and selective in the oxidation of various alcohols. Also, the effect of important factors including catalyst amount, solvent and temperature was investigated on the reaction. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of CoFe2O4@SiO2‐supported Schiff base metal complex as well as the effect of molecular oxygen (O2) as a green oxidant were studied. The results showed that benzaldehyde was the major product and the heterogeneous catalyst was highly reusable.
Olefins oxidation with molecular O2 in the presence of chiral Mn (III) salen complex supported on magnetic CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS
Authors: Hemmat Kaveh , Nasseri Mohammad A. , Allahresani Ali
Published: April 2019

In the present study, CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS nanocomposite was synthesized and the homogeneous chiral Mn‐salen complex was anchored covalently onto the surface of CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS nanocomposite. The heterogeneous Mn‐salen magnetic nanocatalyst (CoFe2O4@SiO2@CPTMS@ chiral Mn (III) Complex) was characterized by different techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the aerobic enantioselective oxidation of olefins to the corresponding epoxide was investigated in the presence of magnetic chiral CoFe2O4@SiO2@Mn (III) complex at ambient conditions within 90 min. The results showed the corresponding products were synthesized with excellent yields and selectivity. In addition, the heterogeneous CoFe2O4@SiO2@ CPTMS@ chiral Mn (III) complex has benefits such as high selectivity and comparable catalytic reactivity with its homogeneous analog as well as mild reaction condition, facile recovery, and recycling of the heterogeneous catalyst.
Memory model for web ad effect based on multimodal features
Authors: Wang Hong , Song Yong‐Qiang , Wang Lu‐Tong , Hu Xiao‐Hong
Published: April 2019

Web ad effect evaluation is a challenging problem in web marketing research. Although the analysis of web ad effectiveness has achieved excellent results, there are still some deficiencies. First, there is a lack of an in‐depth study of the relevance between advertisements and web content. Second, there is not a thorough analysis of the impacts of users and advertising features on user browsing behaviors. And last, the evaluation index of the web advertisement effect is not adequate. Given the above problems, we conducted our work by studying the observer's behavioral pattern based on multimodal features. First, we analyze the correlation between ads and links with different searching results and further assess the influence of relevance on the observer's attention to web ads using eye‐movement features. Then we investigate the user's behavioral sequence and propose the directional frequent‐browsing pattern algorithm for mining the user's most commonly used browsing patterns. Finally, we offer the novel use of “memory” as a new measure of advertising effectiveness and further build an advertising memory model with integrated multimodal features for predicting the efficacy of web ads. A large number of experiments have proved the superiority of our method.
Reduced heart rate variability in adults with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Thapa Rinku , Alvares Gail A. , Zaidi Tooba A. , Thomas Emma E. , Hickie Ian B. , Park Shin H. , Guastella Adam J.
Published: April 2019

A growing body of research has suggested heart rate variability (HRV) may be reduced in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to neurotypical cohorts. While there have been several studies investigating HRV in children diagnosed with ASD, few studies have been conducted in adults. The objective of the current study was to investigate autonomic nervous system activity as assessed by HRV in adults diagnosed with ASD. We hypothesized that adults with ASD would show a reduction in HRV compared to neurotypical participants. Participants diagnosed with ASD (n = 55) were recruited from the Autism Clinic for Translational Research at the Brain and Mind Centre (University of Sydney) between 2013 and 2017. Neurotypical participants were recruited from advertisements and online media. Resting state heart rate was measured for 5 min while participants sat in an upright position. Results showed there was an overall significant difference in resting‐state HRV between adults diagnosed with ASD compared to the neurotypical control group. Logarithmically transformed high frequency (HF) and root mean square of successive differences were particularly decreased in the ASD group, suggesting lower parasympathetic activity. The use of psychotropic medications and comorbidities were associated with reductions in low frequency of HRV. Our data suggest an overall dysregulation in resting autonomic activity in adults with ASD. This may represent an important physiological mechanism leading to potential cardiovascular risk in ASD, which warrants further investigation. Autism Res 2019, 12: 922–930. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Lay Summary

ASD is commonly associated with a range of physical and mental health comorbidities. Autonomic disruptions underlying reductions in heart rate variability (HRV) have been linked to a range of mental and physical health conditions. We assessed resting‐state HRV in adults diagnosed with ASD in comparison to healthy individuals. Our results showed reduced heart rate variability in people diagnosed with ASD compared to adults without ASD. These findings implicate a role for autonomic activity as a potentially modifiable risk factor for ASD.
Simulating the spreading of brown plant hoppers based on cellular automata
Authors: Huynh Hiep Xuan , Lu Quy Thanh , Ong Linh My Thi , Luong Huong Hoang , Phan Lan Phuong
Published: April 2019

The spread of brown plant hoppers (BPHs) can be affected by pesticides, migration/immigration, and natural enemies; in particular, using pesticides is the common method of farmers in fact. The article introduces a new approach to simulate the spread of BPH using cellular automata. The proposed model uses a geographic information system map as a simulation space to make results more visual and realistic. This model can give the accurate predictions about the spread of BPHs, thereby helping farmers make the appropriate decisions to prevent BPHs.
Sikh Youth Coming of Age: Reflections on the Decision to Tie a Turban
Authors: Ahluwalia Muninder Kaur , Nadrich Tyce , Ahluwalia Ikbal Singh
Published: April 2019

In Sikhism, the turban is a sign of adherence to faith and fighting for justice; for Sikh men, it can also be considered essential to manhood (Chanda & Ford,). The authors provide an introduction to Sikhism and discuss the turban's importance to Sikhs. Next, they present a self‐reflective case of one individual's experience of the decision to tie a turban and discussion of that case. Finally, the authors discuss implications for counselors.
Does Therapist–Rater Religious Match Predict Higher Therapist Ratings?
Authors: Salem Samah , Hijazi Alaa
Published: April 2019

This study investigated whether therapist–rater religious match predicts better therapist ratings. Christian and Muslim Lebanese students (N = 187) were randomized into 3 conditions. A written vignette of the therapist was constant across conditions, but her picture was manipulated to include a veil, a cross pendant, or neither. Participants filled out a therapist rating form afterward. There were no significant differences in overall therapist ratings between groups.
The effect of desulfurization on the postharvest quality and sulfite metabolism in pulp of sulfitated “Feizixiao” Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruits
Authors: Luo Tao , Li Shuangshuang , Han Dongmei , Guo Xiaomeng , Shuai Liang , Wu Zhenxian
Published: April 2019

The residual sulfite caused by sulfur fumigation (SF) is a hazard to health and influenced the export trade of litchi. Desulfurization (DS) is a valid chemical method to reduce the residual sulfite. However, the effect of DS on fumigated litchi has not been studied at physiological and molecular level. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of DS (SF plus 3% desulfurizer) on the postharvest quality, sulfite residue, and the sulfite metabolism in sulfitated “Feizixiao” litchi during the 4°C storage. Results indicated that the DS promoted the color recovery of sulfitated litchi and achieved an effect similar to SF on controlling rot and browning. DS recovered the water content and respiration rate of sulfitated litchi pericarp. Thus, DS improves commodity properties of sulfitated litchi. Moreover, DS greatly reduced sulfite residue especially in pulp and ensured the edible safety of sulfitated litchi. The activities of sulfite oxidase, sulfite reductase, serine acetyltransferase, and O‐acetylserine(thiol) lyase in pulp increased after SF but fell down after DS while the expressions of their encoding genes decreased after SF but then rallied after DS. These results indicated the key role of these enzymes in sulfite metabolism after SF and DS changed the sulfite metabolism at both enzymatic and transcriptional level. It could be concluded that DS used in this study was an effective method for improving the color recovery and ensuring the edible safety of sulfitated litchi by not only chemical reaction but also both of enzymatic and transcriptional regulation.
Long‐term follow‐up of penile glans necrosis due to paraphimosis
Authors: Sato Yoshikazu , Takagi Seiji , Uchida Kosuke , Shima Masaki , Tobe Musashi , Haga Kazunori , Honama Ichiya , Hirobe Megumi
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency in which the foreskin of the penis becomes trapped behind the coronal sulcus and forms a tight band of constricting tissue. Surgical or conservative release of this constriction is required for the treatment. Delayed treatment will cause devastating outcomes, such as penile glans necrosis. A few studies have reported penile glans necrosis/gangrene, but long‐term follow‐up of the recovery from glans necrosis due to paraphimosis has not been previously reported.

Case presentation

A 25‐year‐old man who experienced glans necrosis following paraphimosis was not treated promptly with circumcision. The patient underwent conservative treatment with debridement of necrotic tissue and cystostomy for urethral meatal necrosis. We were able to prevent partial penectomy. His penile glans was covered with healthy epithelium and retained its natural shape and voiding and erectile functions were normal 2 years after the treatment.

Conclusion

We report successful conservative management of penile glans necrosis.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Pemetrexed in Adult Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer in Indian Patients
Authors: Srinivasan Meenakshi , Chaturvedula Ayyappa , Fossler Michael J. , Patil Anand , Gota Vikram , Prabhash Kumar
Published: April 2019

The objective of the study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of pemetrexed and identify factors contributing to variability in exposure in Indian patients. Plasma samples were obtained from a cohort of 85 patients following 500 mg/m2 intravenous infusion and population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using NONMEM (version 7.3.0). The stochastic approximation expectation maximization method was used to estimate parameters. The full covariate model approach was used by specifying clinically meaningful covariates a priori. Credible intervals obtained using Markov chain Monte Carlo Bayesian analysis were used to reduce the full covariate model by eliminating the covariates whose CI included the null. Model qualification was performed using visual predictive check and bootstrap. The final population parameter estimates and relative standard error for clearance (CL) was 3.3 L/h (10.8), central volume of distribution (V1) was 5.2 L (7.8), peripheral volume of distribution (V2) was 5.9 L (14.5) and intercompartmental clearance (Q) was 6.8 L/h (14.3). A large between‐subject variability (50%‐108% coefficient of variation) was observed in pharmacokinetic parameters. The percent coefficient of variation for the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity was 72% and for maximum concentration was 68.25%. Diagnostic plots showed no major bias in the model. The final model included V1, V2, and Q scaled to body surface area raised to a fixed exponent of 1. Creatinine clearance and sex on clearance and albumin on V1 were statistically significant covariates based on Bayesian credible interval. However, traditional bootstrap resulted in a 95% confidence interval of the sex effect parameter including null. Given the size and nonsignificant sex effect in traditional bootstrap, it is considered clinically not significant.
Designing tracers for PET imaging of the urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor from a cyclic uPA‐derived peptide: first in vitro evaluations
Authors: Wacker Anja , Bauder‐Wüst Ulrike , Schäfer Martin , Schmidt Jana , Remde Yvonne , Stadlbauer Sven , Eder Matthias , Liolios Christos , Kopka Klaus
Published: April 2019

The treatment of cancer remains a major challenge, especially after tumour cell dissemination and metastases formation. Expression of the urokinase‐type plasminogen activation system including urokinase (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) has been associated with the complex process of cell migration, a tumour's invasive potential as well as a reduced overall and disease‐free survival of patients with solid cancers and haematological disorders. A cyclic peptide cyclo[21,29][d‐Cys21,Cys29]‐uPA21‐30 was designed from the growth factor‐like domain (GFD) of urokinase whose binding to uPAR was found to inhibit tumour growth and spread of human ovarian cancer cells in mice. With the aim of visualising uPAR expression using PET imaging to attempt an estimate on the tumour's aggressiveness, the cyclic peptide was modified with an either C‐ or N‐terminally attached variable spacer and chelator. The free ligands were evaluated for their binding affinities to the isolated human uPAR and labelled with 68Ga and 177Lu to assess their lipophilicities and stabilities in human serum. Although retaining the full binding potential displayed by cyclo[21,29][d‐Cys21,Cys29]‐uPA21‐30 to its target was found to be a challenging task upon both C‐ and N‐terminal modification, chelator‐bearing ligands were identified that can serve as promising starting points in the development of uPAR‐addressing PET tracers.
Evaluation of matcha tea quality index using portable NIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric algorithms
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zareef Muhammad , He Peihuan , Sun Hao , Chen Quansheng , Li Huanhuan , Ouyang Qin , Guo Zhiming , Zhang Zhengzhu , Xu Delian
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

The study reports a portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy system coupled with chemometric algorithms for prediction of tea polyphenols and amino acids in order to index matcha tea quality.

RESULTS

Spectral data were preprocessed by standard normal variate (SNV), mean center (MC) and first‐order derivative (1stD) tests. The data were then subjected to full spectral partial least squares (PLS) and four variable selection algorithms, such as random frog partial least square (RF‐PLS), synergy interval partial least square (Si‐PLS), genetic algorithm‐partial least square (GA‐PLS) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling partial least square (CARS‐PLS). RF‐PLS was established and identified as the optimum model based on the values of the correlation coefficients of prediction (RP), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and residual predictive deviation (RPD), which were 0.8625, 0.82% and 2.13, and 0.9662, 0.14% and 3.83, respectively, for tea polyphenols and amino acids. The content range of tea polyphenols and amino acids in matcha tea samples was 8.51–14.58% and 2.10–3.75%, respectively. The quality of matcha tea was successfully classified with an accuracy rate of 83.33% as qualified, unqualified and excellent grade.

CONCLUSION

The proposed method can be used as a rapid, accurate and non‐destructive platform to classify various matcha tea samples based on the ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of atmosphere on high‐temperature oxidation of Fe‐Cr‐Si model alloy
Authors: Issartel Christophe , Buscail Henri , Mathieu Stéphane
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study is to show the influence of the gaseous environment on the ferritic Fe‐Cr‐Si model alloy oxidation during 70 hrs, at 900 and 950°C. Two different atmospheres have been used, air or nitrogen containing 5 vol% hydrogen (N2–5%H2).

After air oxidation, a nonadherent chromia scale formed. In the N2–5%H2 gaseous environment, it clearly appears that silicon segregation near the internal scale‐metal interface is favoured. In this low oxygen‐containing gas, adherent chromia, and silica scales have been formed. Silica subscale associated to an adherent chromia scale obtained in low‐oxygen conditions are a good protection barrier against carburisation.
Life satisfaction among older adult, long‐term cancer survivors: A comparison of Black with White survivors
Authors: Deimling Gary , Phelps Erin K. , Gilbert Marissa , Ciaralli Spencier
Published: April 2019

Objective

This paper proposes and evaluates a model of the relative importance that cancer‐related health factor along with other health factors have for the self‐rated health and life satisfaction of older adult, long‐term cancer survivors. The data are examined in the context of important racial differences in health and life satisfaction along with other covariates including gender and education.

Method

This research utilizes regression‐based path analysis to examine data from a sample of 321 older (age 60+), long‐term (5+ years since diagnosis) cancer survivors. Respondents were randomly selected from the tumor registry of a major university hospital cancer center from among those with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer. Blacks were oversampled to provide the analytic power to make racial comparisons among cancer survivors.

Results

Bivariate analysis indicates that there is a consistent pattern of Black/White differences in both cancer‐related and general health characteristics as well as life satisfaction among older cancer survivors. Moreover, the results suggest that race is an important predictor of older survivors' health characteristics. These, in turn, explain significant variance in both self‐rated health and life satisfaction, that is, attributed to Black/White differences in these predictors.

Conclusions

Clinical health and social service providers need to be aware of the importance of both general health and cancer‐related health factors when working with minority long‐term cancer survivors as these have implications for their overall quality of life.
Disjunctures of belonging and belief: Christian migrants and the bordering of identity in Singapore
Authors: Kong Lily , Woods Orlando
Published: April 2019

Migration results in people that are different from one another living in closer physical proximity. Proximity increases the chances of encountering difference and can lead to both the formation of new communities and the strengthening of old. As a religion that claims to integrate people into a trans‐ethnic, transterritorial faith community, Christianity encourages such encounters and Christian groups play an important role in mediating them. Disjunctures of belonging and belief are the outcomes that arise from encounters with difference within spaces of Christianity. Drawing on 100 interviews conducted between August 2017 and February 2018, this paper unravels these disjunctures through a focus on the interplay between migrant and nonmigrant Christian communities in Singapore. Although Christian groups have the potential to be agents of integration, we consider the ways in which they encourage the “bordering of identity” by serving to divide communities rather than unite them.