bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling and Analysis of Factors Affecting Moist Air Condensation on Mesh Like Surface for Sustainable Water Harvesting
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida (UP), India, Singh Punj Lata , Sikarwar B. S. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida (UP), India
Published: November 2021

Moist air condensation is a complex process because it relies on numerous significant parameters such as physio-chemical properties of a surface, thermal-physical properties of the moist air, and environmental conditions. Thus, the manuscript intent to structure the model-framework of sustainable water harvesting based on moist air condensation on mesh-like surfaces to increase the availability of potable water. Hence, the significant key factors related to sustainable water harvesting via condensation are identified from extant literature, consultation from researchers, and practitioners and subsequently confirmed by fabricating the experimental setup. Further than, an attempt by applying Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) is attained to provide a model framework. Thereafter, the procedure for analysis using MICMAC is implemented which performed to categorize the identified factors into the distinct clusters’ dependent on their driving and dependence powers to justify their interrelationship with one another. The research reveals that surface coating, mesh geometry, and material of condensing surface are the most dominant factor in the required hierarchy which helps in improving the condensation rate. Thus, the prioritization of the factors with improvisation intends to fill the gap for scalable, economic, sustainable, and environment-friendly condensation in various fields. This research work can be benefited to the industry to the area of water harvesting and energy conservation. Also, the researchers can consider the most influential factors identified in this research while fabricating experimental setups.
In-Silico Molecular Docking and Pharmaco-Kinetic Activity Analysis of Potential Inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoproteins
Authors: Mita Shikder  , Kazi Ahsan Ahmed  , Tasnin Al Hasib  , Pranta Ray  , Abul Bashar Ripon Khalipha  , Md. Lutful Kabir
Published: November 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a causative agent of the potentially fatal coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Coronavirus targets the human respiratory system primarily. It can also infect the gastrointestinal, hepatic, and central nervous systems of humans, avians, bats, livestock, mice, and many other wild animals, as these are primary targets of the pathogen. This study aims to screen out the most potent inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spike glycoproteins among the selected drugs, and computational tools have been utilized for this purpose. The selected drugs have been designed to explore their structural properties in this study by molecular orbital calculation. To inhibit the spike glycoproteins, the performance of these drugs was also examined by molecular docking calculation. In improving the performance of drugs, non-bond interactions play a significant role. To determine the chemical reactivity of all the medicines, HOMO and LUMO energy values were also calculated. The combined calculations exhibited that Ledipasvir among the selected drugs can be the most potent drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 compared to other medications.
Assessing effects of Human Activities Kipranye Wetland, Sondu Miriu River Basin, Kericho County, Kenya.
Authors: Kipngeno Japhet , Omondi Paul , Nonuw Abdirizak A
Published: November 2021

Governments, researchers, and environmental conservationists agree that wetland resources need to be utilized sustainably to ensure continued presence of wetlands and their ecological goods and services. Ideally, sustainable use of the wetlands should be integrated into the national and local land use plans to ensure sustainable use and management of the resources. However, this is not the case as far as Kenya is concerned. Instead, there is rampant exploitation of the wetlands by individuals, organizations, and even government agencies with no regard for environmental conservation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of human activities on Kipranye wetland, Sondu Miriu river basin, Kericho County. The specific objective of the study was to assess the effects of the human activities on wetlands. The study was grounded on the Systems Theory and Integrated Water Resource Management Theory. The study adopted a concurrent triangulation research design which entailed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample population of the study was 162 respondents in which a sample of 124 respondents were selected accounting for 76.5%. The sample was randomly selected with the inclusion criterion being that the chosen respondents were homogeneously engaged inhuman activities that affected wetland conservation. The results of the study inform on policy and practice in the management and conservation of Kipranye wetlands. The study established that human activities such as farming, logging, construction, drilling, building. and construction and settlements were immense in the study area and they hamper conservation of Kipranye wetland. There was a gap in the integration of the legal framework to manage wetlands in the study area. The following conclusions were derived from the study wetlands in the study area need urgent redemption and reclamation; inclusion of the local communities in the conservation of the Kipranye river wetlands would enable the people to take responsibility and own the solutions to the problem. There is a need for an integrated approach to their planning and sustainable use. The Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources in conjunction with NEMA and the County Government could formulate policies and technical tools needed to counteract the lack of appropriate information and intervention failure that cause wetlands to be used in an unsustainable way
Development of a Verbal Robot Hand Gesture Recognition System
Authors: Kenshimov Chingis , Sundetov Talgat , Kunelbayev Murat , Amirgaliyeva Zhazira , Yedilkhan Didar , Auelbekov Omirlan
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the most famous sign languages, the correlation of sign languages, and also considers the development of a verbal robot hand gesture recognition system in relation to the Kazakh language. The proposed system contains a touch sensor, in which the contact of the electrical property of the user's skin is measured, which provides more accurate information for simulating and indicating the gestures of the robot hand. Within the framework of the system, the speed and accuracy of recognition of each gesture of the verbal robot are calculated. The average recognition accuracy was over 98%. The detection time was 3ms on a 1.9 GHz Jetson Nano processor, which is enough to create a robot showing natural language gestures. A complete fingerprint of the Kazakh sign language for a verbal robot is also proposed. To improve the quality of gesture recognition, a machine learning method was used. The operability of the developed technique for recognizing gestures by a verbal robot was tested, and on the basis of computational experiments, the effectiveness of algorithms and software for responding to a verbal robot to a voice command was evaluated based on automatic recognition of a multilingual human voice. Thus, we can assume that the authors have proposed an intelligent verbal complex implemented in Python with the CMUSphinx communication module and the PyOpenGL graphical command execution simulator. Robot manipulation module based on 3D modeling from ABB.
Ghosts of Britain: a hauntological approach to the 21st century folk horror revival
Authors: Andres Alberto
Published: November 2021

This article aims at investigating the emergence of the American folk horror revival of the 2010s, focusing on texts such as Ari Aster’s Midsommar (2019) or Robert Eggers’s The VVitch (2015). This survey of the folk horror revival will inevitably lead us to the genre’s past, particularly to the so-called Unholy Trinity, comprised by three films released in Great Britain during the late 1960s and early 1970s. This temporal and geographical dislocation will be situated against a larger background of cultural production, arguing that the appearance of the folk horror revival sheds some light on the debate on nostalgia and pastiche as the predominant artistic modes under late capitalism. The notion of hauntology, as explored by Jacques Derrida, Mark Fisher, or Katy Shaw, will be used throughout the essay in order to provide a form theoretical ground on which this debate can take place.
Monstrous Interiors: Quasi-Domestic Space As the Ontological Terrorist of Toxic Masculinity
Authors: Gorrill Kerry
Published: November 2021

Resonating with these pandemic times, Catherine Spooner has described the Gothic as a ‘malevolent virus’. In my paper, I will propose that the haunted house narrative, so central to American Gothic, has itself mutated in response to a backdrop of post-millenial social, political and financial collapse in a manner quite different to developments in the rest of the Gothic literary world. The narrative strand which has emerged, presents the reader with a new form of the Gothic male protagonist, whom the British psychologist R.D Laing in The Divided Self (1960), would describe as a ‘schizoid’ subject. Fragile, failing and fragmenting, he escapes a failing career, marriage and parenthood by removing his family to a quasi-domestic space which promises repair. House or hotel, these ‘haunted houses’ are different from the earlier ‘hungry houses’ identified by Gothic writer Stephen Graham Jones in his introduction to Robert Marasco’s classic haunted house novel, Burnt Offerings. This new quasi-domestic space, often combining work and home, rises up to meet the male schizoid, not merely as the traditional Gothic setting, but as a sentient being; a monster in its own right. His entrapment in this new Gothic labyrinth that is constantly shifting, expanding and shrinking, provides a performative stage on which the schizoid male is forced into an existential crisis beyond that of the trauma of spousal and parental failure, ultimately forcing him to confront what it is to exist in space and time. A reaction to the rise of neo-liberalism and toxic masculinity, this important strand to American Gothic embraces the multiplicity of the Gothic’s new forms and is evident in texts such as Steve Rasnic Tem’s, Deadfall Hotel, Mark Z. Danielewski’s House of Leaves, Thomas Liggotti’s, The Town Manager, Jac Jemc’s, The Grip of It and Shaun Hamill’s A Cosmology of Monsters. Developing from their deeper roots in the Calvinist Gothic tradition of Hawthorne, Brockden Brown and Poe via the mid-century works of Stephen King and Robert Marasco, these new post- millennial narratives provide a space in which notions of masculine subjectivity are fundamentally challenged.
Penerapan Aplikasi Classroom pada Mata Pelajaran Qur’an Hadits
Authors: Huda Moh. Miftakhul , Zafi Ashif Az
Published: November 2021

E-learning is the use of learning media using the internet, to send a series of solutions that can increase knowledge and skills in using learning methods. In this study, the aim of this research is to determine the application of the classroom application in the Qur'an Hadith subject at MA NU Al Hidayah. This research also discusses the impact or factors related to the use of the classroom application. This research used a qualitative descriptive analysis type with the type of research in the form of field studies at the MA NU Al Hidayah School, followed by the data collection process, this study used documentation techniques and interviews with the teachers who taught the Qur'an Hadith subjects and some of their students. The research subjects were teachers of Qur'an Hadith subjects at MA NU Al Hidayah and some of their students. The research subjects were teachers of Qur'an Hadith subjects at MA NU Al Hidayah and some of their students. The results showed that: (1) this application is very influential in online learning. (2) there are obstacles that occur in learning. The effect of this research can overcome the obstacles that occur in ongoing learning or find new innovations for the future.
Perbandingan Pendidikan Islam Menurut Perspektif KH. Ahmad Dahlan dan KH. Hasyim Asy ’Ari
Authors: Wijayati Ravina , Habibi Muhammad Devy
Published: November 2021

This research aims to find out Islamic education, Islamic education methods and compare the similarities and differences of Islamic education according to kh perspective. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy' ari, so the author found shortcomings and advantages in islamic education research according to both figures. The research method used in this research is a Library Research method that is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library information, reading and writing and processing research materials. The data analysis technique that the author used in this study is content analysis or often called content analysis. This content analysis is used to compare one research with other research that is in accordance with this article. It is a study that uses the source of literature from articles and journals to get research information. This research has a formulation of problems including How islamic education according to KH. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy' ari?, Share the Method of Islamic Education according to the Perspective of KH. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy' ari?, How does Islamic education compare according to kh perspective. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy' ari?. The results of this study define the education of the two figures and compare so that there are similarities and differences between the two figures and produce deficiencies and advantages in Islamic education according to the KH Perspective. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy' ari.
Kontribusi Pendidikan Islam dalam Menumbuhkan Kecerdasan Emosional
Authors: Nisa Alifia Wahyuni Choirun , Susandi Ari
Published: November 2021

Emotional intelligence is an educational concept that has not been widely noticed by educators in the world of education. In general, the world of education is dominated by the concept of intellectual intelligence that includes theory and practice. In relation to Islamic education, emotional intelligence has a significant influence to realize individuals who are knowledgeable and noble in accordance with the characteristics of Islamic teachings. This research aims to examine the contribution of Islamic education in fostering emotional intelligence which includes the concept of emotional intelligence according to the Islamic point of view as well as the strategy and implementation of Islamic education in fostering emotional intelligence. This research uses library research method, which is a research method that is done by studying several media or scientific facilities such as books, scientific papers, journals, and articles to solve a particular problem. The problems studied in this study include how the concept of emotional intelligence according to the Islamic point of view and how the strategy and implementation of Islamic education in fostering emotional intelligence. The results of this study are describing the concept of emotional intelligence according to the Islamic point of view, outlining Islamic education strategies in fostering emotional intelligence and explaining the implementation of Islamic education in fostering emotional intelligence.
Pemahaman dan Implementasi Standar Pengelolaan Pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Arsyad  , Sulfemi Wahyu Bagja , Munthoi Ahmad
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the level of understanding and implementation of Education Management Standards by Primary and Secondary Education Units, especially in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The research method uses descriptive qualitative, with data sources from the head of the madrasa, teachers, and the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah committee, Bogor Regency. The sampling technique used proportional cluster random sampling, with data collection methods using questionnaires and documentation studies. Data analysis used descriptive statistics. The results showed. First, the level of respondents' understanding of the regulation of Education Management Standards by the Primary and Secondary Education Units, namely the madrasah principal and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers have sufficient understanding, while the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah committee has an understanding in the category of lack of understanding. The two respondents' assessments of the implementation of the Education Management Standards by the Primary and Secondary Education Units in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, namely the head of Madrasah, teachers, and the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah committee generally considered that Madrasah Ibtidaiyah had not implemented governance according to the Education Management Standards by the Primary and Secondary Education Units. The implication of the results of this study is that the general understanding of respondents is only in the sufficient category, so the implementation of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah governance does not fully refer to the standards of education management by the Primary and Secondary Education Units. This shows that the level of achievement of educational management standards in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah is classified as not being achieved as a whole.
Implementasi Pendidikan Rabbani dalam Membentuk Karakter dan Kecerdasan Spiritual
Authors: Nasrullah
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to analyze the implementation of Robbani Education carried out at SDIT SUIS Bogor in shaping the character and spiritual intelligence of students. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a field study approach. Primary and secondary data sources were collected using in-depth interviews, FGD, observation, and documentation studies. The data analysis technique uses the theory of Miles and Huberman with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The validity of the data was tested by using the data triangulation method to get the quality of meaning in the interview results. The research findings include that the method of educating by example and habituation alone is not enough to maximize the level of success in character education and spiritual intelligence. The author views that the formation of character and spiritual intelligence will be maximized if using Nashil Ulwan's theory as a whole, namely educating by example, educating by habituation, educating with advice, educating with attention, and educating with punishment.
AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO INDUCED DRAG REDUCTION
Authors: Kehayas Nikolaos
Published: November 2021

Induced drag constitutes approximately 40% of the total drag of subsonic civil transport aircraft at cruise conditions. Various types of winglets and several non-planar concepts, such as the C-wing, the joined wings, and the box plane, have been proposed for its reduction. Here, a new approach to induced drag reduction in the form of a combination of an elliptical and an astroid hypocycloid lift distribution is put forward. Lift is mainly generated from high circulation in the center part of the wing and fades away along the semi-span towards the wing tip. Using lifting line theory, the analysis shows that for fixed lift and wingspan the combined lift distribution results in an induced drag reduction of 50% with respect to the elliptical distribution. Due to its wing planform the combined lift distribution leads to a 51.5% higher aspect ratio. If structural constraints are placed, then the higher aspect ratio may affect wing weight. Although any substantial increase of wing weight is not envisaged, further study of the matter is required. Zero-lift drag and lift-dependent drag due to skin friction and viscosity-related pressure remain unaffected. The proposed lift distribution is particularly useful in a blended wing-body design.
New Limits on the Lorentz/CPT Symmetry Through 50 Gravitational-wave Events
Authors: Wang Ziming , Shao Lijing , Liu Chang
Published: November 2021

Lorentz invariance plays a fundamental role in modern physics. However, tiny violations of the Lorentz invariance may arise in some candidate quantum gravity theories. Prominent signatures of the gravitational Lorentz invariance violation (gLIV) include anisotropy, dispersion, and birefringence in the dispersion relation of gravitational waves (GWs). Using a total of 50 GW events in the GW transient catalogs GWTC-1 and GWTC-2, we perform an analysis on the anisotropic birefringence phenomenon. The use of multiple events allows us to completely break the degeneracy among gLIV coefficients and globally constrain the coefficient space. Compared to previous results at mass dimensions 5 and 6 for the Lorentz-violating operators, we tighten the global limits of 34 coefficients by factors ranging from 2 to 7.
Excitation Properties of Photopigments and Their Possible Dependence on the Host Star
Authors: Lingam Manasvi , Balbi Amedeo , Mahajan Swadesh M.
Published: November 2021

Photosynthesis is a plausible pathway for the sustenance of a substantial biosphere on an exoplanet. In fact, it is also anticipated to create distinctive biosignatures detectable by next-generation telescopes. In this work, we explore the excitation features of photopigments that harvest electromagnetic radiation by constructing a simple quantum-mechanical model. Our analysis suggests that the primary Earth-based photopigments for photosynthesis may not function efficiently at wavelengths >1.1 μm. In the context of (hypothetical) extrasolar photopigments, we calculate the potential number of conjugated π-electrons (N
⋆) in the relevant molecules, which can participate in the absorption of photons. By hypothesizing that the absorption maxima of photopigments are close to the peak spectral photon flux of the host star, we utilize the model to estimate N
⋆. As per our formalism, N
⋆ is modulated by the stellar temperature, and is conceivably higher (lower) for planets orbiting stars cooler (hotter) than the Sun; exoplanets around late-type M-dwarfs might require an N
⋆ twice that of the Earth. We conclude the analysis with a brief exposition of how our model could be empirically tested by future observations.
Sensitivity of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Surveillance in the Brazilian Federal District, using the Capture-Recapture Method
Authors: De Morais Oliveira Ana Flavia , Gallo Luciana Guerra , Bastos Mábia Milhomem , Abrahão Amanda Amaral , Rufalco-Moutinho Paulo , Malta Juliane Maria Alves Siqueira , Garcia Klauss Kleydmann Sabino , Matos Luiza Morais de , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated polyneuropathy that compromises the peripheral and cranial nerves. It is characterized by rapid-onset paresthesia accompanied by progressive weakness in the lower extremities followed by symmetric ascending paralysis.

Methodology: assessment of sensitivity to detect GBS between March 2017 and May 2019 in a public referral hospital, using the capture-recapture method based on the Chapman estimator and comparing three GBS data sources: the hospital-based sentinel surveillance system (VSBH), Human Immunoglobulin Dispensing Records System (RDIH), and Hospital Information System (SIH).

Results: A total of 259 possible cases were identified (captured). Of these, 58 were confirmed and most resided in the Federal District. The VSBH showed the greatest sensitivity in case identification. The temporal distribution of cases showed periods with no cases identified, and more were registered during the rainy season from October to May, when high temperatures also occur.

Conclusions: Increased circulation of arboviruses and gastrointestinal infections during the rainy season may explain the greater concentration of GBS cases. It is important to note that one-third of the cases identified in the different data sources do not converge, demonstrating that no single surveillance system is 100% effective. The severity and possible increase in cases related to GBS demonstrates the need for an improved surveillance system capable of monitoring and following-up cases involving neurological syndromes, regardless of the event preceding infection.
COVID-19 pandemic and “survival of the fittest”
Authors: Mukhra Richa , Krishan Kewal , Kanchan Tanuj
Published: November 2021

Occurrence and recurrence of COVID-19 cases have been observed globally. The complex relationship of host-pathogen and the environment plays a vital role in understanding the widespread recurrence of the SARS-CoV-2 among humans. Though the pathobiology of the disease is not completely understood, it is well established that COVID-19 poses a greater threat to individuals with co-morbidities and a weakened immune system. The article deals with the notion of innate immunity, natural selection, and the survival of the fittest during the COVID-19 outbreak. The article also attempts to introduce the concept of “lifestyle and cultural immunity” that needs to be addressed and incorporated at an early stage of childhood to boost up the human immune system. The communication further discusses the role of vaccination and micro-organisms pre-existing in the environment which are required to enhance the immunity of an individual.
Correlates of sharing of needles and syringes among people who inject drugs in Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Authors: Hemel Muhammad MM , Reza Md. Masud , Shafiq Tanveer KI , Kabir Md. Iqbal , Rana AKM Masud , Khan Sharful Islam
Published: November 2021

Introduction: This paper examines the correlates of needle and syringe sharing among People Who Inject Drugs in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, which is currently experiencing a steep increase in HIV prevalence despite the ongoing presence of Needle Exchange Programs.

Methodology: This was a retrospective chart review with cross-sectional design that extracted data from 783 male People Who Inject Drugs enrolled into five Opioid Substitution Treatment clinics in Dhaka city between April 2010 and January 2016. Data were retrieved from the program’s electronic database. Needle and syringe sharing constituted the borrowing or lending of needles and syringes from others within the past month preceding data collection.

Results: Buprenorphine was the preferred injection drug and 44.6% shared needles and syringes within the past month. Multivariate analysis indicated that People Who Inject Drugs who were homeless (OR = 8.1, 95% CI = 1.4-44.9, p < 0.05), living with friends (OR = 6.8, 95% CI = 2.5-18.2, p < 0.001), injecting 2-3 times/day (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 1.2-19.7, p < 0.05), injecting more than three times/day (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 1.1-20.0, p < 0.05), not using condom with non-commercial female sex partners (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.8-6.0, p < 0.05), bought sex from female sex workers (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.0-8.3, p < 0.05), and did non-suicidal self-injury (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0-3.0, p < 0.05) were more likely to share needles and syringes.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that operating a standalone harm reduction approach that just provides sterile needles and syringes may not adequately curb needle and syringe sharing among People Who Inject Drugs.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization among healthcare workers in Oman
Authors: Al Wahaibi Loay , Al Sudairi Rajaa , Balkhair Abdullah , Al-Awaisi Huda , Mabruk Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain characterized by resistance to cloxacillin. Healthcare workers (HCWs), are recognized for their heightened risk for MRSA acquisition and possibly for MRSA nosocomial transmission. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and the associated risk factors of MRSA colonization among healthcare workers at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Oman.

Methodology: A total of 200 nasal swab samples were collected from the healthcare workers at SQUH during the period October 2nd 2018 to January 7th 2019. All nasal swab samples were examined microbiologically for the presence of MRSA using the standard method and the results were confirmed by detection of the mecA product (PBP2a). Data on associated risk factors for MRSA colonization was collected and analyzed.

Results: Forty-one of the 200 screened healthcare workers (20.5%) were found to have nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus of which 63.4% were Methicillin Sensitive and 36.6% were Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA). Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated from fifteen of the 200 screened healthcare workers giving a prevalence rate of nasal colonization with MRSA of 7.5%. We found no statistical association between healthcare worker MRSA nasal colonization and age, gender, HCWs specialty, hand hygiene practices, skin condition, previous MRSA infection, and previous exposure to antibiotics.

Conclusions: Identification of the prevalence and the associated risk factors of MRSA colonization in healthcare workers mandates continuous surveillance and the implementation of all possible preventive measures to reduce re-occurrences.
Modifiable risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in non-intensive care unit versus intensive care unit
Authors: Udompat Patpong , Rongmuang Daravan , Hershow Ronald Craig
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia patients are treated in non-intensive care units because of a shortage of intensive care unit beds in Thailand. Our objective was to assess whether the type of unit and medications prescribed to the patient were associated with ventilator‑associated pneumonia and multidrug resistant ventilator‑associated pneumonia.

Methodology: A matched case-control study nested in a prospective cohort of mechanical ventilation adult patients in a medical-surgical intensive care unit and five non-intensive care units from March 1 through October 31, 2013. The controls were randomly selected 1:1 with cases and matched based on duration and start date of mechanical ventilation.

Results: 248 ventilator-associated pneumonia and control patients were analyzed. The most common bacteria were multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (82.4%). Compared with patients in the intensive care unit, those in the neurosurgical/surgical non-intensive care units were at higher risk (p = 0.278). Proton pump inhibitor was a risk factor (p = 0.011), but antibiotic was a protective factor (p = 0.054). Broad spectrum antibiotic was a risk factor (p < 0.001) for multidrug resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Conclusions: Post-surgical and neurosurgical patients treated in non-intensive care unit settings were at the highest risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Our findings suggest that alternative using proton pump inhibitors should be considered based on the risk-benefit of using this medication. In addition, careful stewardship of antibiotic use should be warranted to prevent multidrug resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Focusing on Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with COVID-19
Authors: Gemicioglu Bilun , Uzun Hafize , Borekci Sermin , Karaali Ridvan , Kurugoglu Sebuh , Atukeren Pınar , Sirolu Sabri , Durmus Sinem , Dirican Ahmet , Kuskucu Mert Ahmet , Tabak Fehmi
Published: November 2021

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate clinical and laboratory findings of hospitalized asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with COVID-19 and demonstrate that they have different symptoms and/or laboratory results and outcomes than COVID-19 patients with comorbidity (CoV-com) and without comorbidity (CoV-alone).

Methodology: The data of the demographic, clinical, laboratory findings of hospitalized CoV-alone, asthma, COPD patients with COVID-19 (CoV-asthma, CoV-COPD, respectively), and CoV-com were analyzed.

Results: Out of 1082 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, 585 (54.1%) had CoV-alone, 40 (3.7%) had CoV-asthma, 46 (4.3%) had CoV-COPD and 411 (38%) had CoV-com. Cough, shortness of breath, fever and weakness were the most common four symptoms seen in all COVID-19 patients. Shortness of breath, myalgia, headache symptoms were more common in CoV-asthma than the other groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05 respectively). Sputum was more common in CoV-COPD than other groups (p < 0.01). COPD group most frequently had increased values, different from the other groups with CRP>5ng/mL in 91.3%, D-dimer > 0.05mg/dL in 89.1%, troponin > 0.014micg/L in %63.9, INR>1.15 in 52.2%, CK-MB>25U/L in 48.5%, PT>14s in 40.9% of patients (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). NT-ProBNP was found to have the highest AUC value and the best differentiating parameter for CoV-asthma from CoV-alone. Typical CT findings were present in 44.4% of CoV-alone, 57.5% of CoV-asthma, 28.3% of CoV-COPD and 38.9% of CoV-com groups. CoV-COPD and CoV-com patients died more frequently than other groups (17.8%, 18.5%).

Conclusions: CoV-asthma and CoV-COPD patients might have different symptoms and laboratory parameters than other COVID-19 patients which can guide the physicians.
Antimicrobial effect of natural kinds of toothpaste on oral pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Demir Serdar , Keskin Gul , Akal Nese , Zer Yasemin
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Because of the adverse effects on human health of some antimicrobial ingredients in traditional toothpaste, consumers are increasingly turning to toothpastes with natural ingredients. This study evaluates the antimicrobial effect of toothpastes containing different natural active agents against three oral pathogens: Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Methodology: This study tested one traditional toothpaste and seven different natural toothpastes containing theobromine, aloe vera, miswak, propolis, chitosan, enzymes and probiotics. The agar-well diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial effect. Inhibition zones formed around toothpastes after 24 hours of incubation were measured and the data collected were statistically analyzed.

Results: Toothpastes containing theobromine and chitosan and the traditional toothpaste showed antimicrobial efficacy for all tested bacteria. Toothpastes containing aloe vera, miswak, and propolis were only effective on S. mutans, while toothpastes containing probiotics and enzymes did not show any antimicrobial effect on the bacteria. Among toothpastes with natural ingredients, the theobromine-containing toothpaste showed the highest efficacy on S. mutans, while the aloe vera- and propolis-containing toothpastes had the lowest efficacy (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Theobromine- and chitosan-containing toothpastes, which showed antimicrobial activity against all bacteria, can be recommended as alternatives to traditional toothpastes.
Quand les miliciennes deviennent femmes : le façonnage des féminités dans les milices chrétiennes pendant la guerre du Liban
Authors: Soulié-Caraguel Floriane
Published: November 2021

Comment les femmes se produisent-elles en tant que sujet genré au cours de l’expérience milicienne ? En particulier celles qui ont eu un fort investissement dans les milices chrétiennes ? Pour comprendre comment ce type d’expérience détermine différentes façons d’habiter les normes de genre, nous dépassons le débat sur l’émancipation des femmes dans la lutte armée par une étude du façonnage organisationnel et de la subjectivation politique qui se jouent au cours de l’engagement. En analysant ce phénomène sur les seize années qu’a duré la guerre du Liban, nous montrons que les modes d’organisation et leurs évolutions ont induit des trajectoires de subjectivation genrée différenciées selon les carrières miliciennes. Nous étudions aussi bien les marges de manœuvre des miliciennes dans la définition de leurs pratiques militantes et la réinvention de modèles de féminité, que le rôle de la professionnalisation de la milice dans la reproduction des normes de genre et de sexualité.
Éducation thérapeutique du patient et épilepsie chez l’enfant mise en récit des corps et des ressentis
Authors: Bressan Margaux
Published: November 2021

Introduction : Partant d’une recherche en anthropologie de la santé réalisée dans deux services de neuropédiatrie en Suisse, cet article souhaite dévoiler la narrativité́ des enfants à l’œuvre, souvent invisibilisée par le discours savant de l’institution médicale ou le discours expérientiel des parents. But de l’étude : Soulevant cette tension entre dires de tiers et dires de soi , nous nous attacherons à restituer les ressentis d’une corporalité dès lors éprouvée et signifiée par les enfants concernant l’expérience de leur maladie, en particulier l’épilepsie, pathologie stigmatisante et empreinte d’un lourd bagage sociohistorique. Résultats : En nous appuyant sur des études de cas produites dans le cadre d’une ethnographie hospitalière, sera soulignée à travers les récits recueillis auprès d’enfants l’importance de permettre, à l’intérieur même de ces dispositifs d’ETP, le passage du dit au dire ou du sujet de l’énoncé au sujet de l’énonciation. Conclusions : Nos conclusions montreront que si, d’un point de vue relationnel, une approche narrative en ETP permet de consolider la triade de soin en permettant une meilleure identification des besoins, d’un point de vue thérapeutique, celle-ci aide non seulement à la réorganisation identitaire de ces enfants confrontés à des morceaux de vie éclatés – le travail de mise en mots participant à des effets de sens et de liens –, mais elle permet également de décrire les possibilités d’être qui en découlent pour eux-mêmes et pour leur entourage en ce qui a trait à l’expérience individuelle et collective de la maladie.
Reconnaître l’expérience vécue de la maladie : la recherche « Croiser les expériences »
Authors: Aloisio Alves Camila , Janner Raimondi Martine , Beck-Wirth Geneviève
Published: November 2021

Introduction : La recherche-action-formation « Croiser les expériences : vers une transformation de l’action de soin dans la maladie chronique » vise à proposer une initiation aux approches narratives (AN) incluant des moments de narration biographique et des moments d’explicitation à un public mixte, composé de patients pairs aidants, de professionnels du soin et de proches-aidants intéressés à intervenir dans les programmes d’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP). Objectif : Présenter les premiers résultats du volet « formation » de cette recherche et identifier les formes d’énonciation révélant des traces de construction d’une approche émancipatrice des relations de soin et d’accompagnement dans le cadre des programmes d’ETP. Méthodologie : Les AN ont été présentées puis mises en œuvre à différentes étapes de l’ETP lors de trois jours de formation. Les discussions collectives réalisées avec les participants ont été enregistrées. Les analyses des contenus ex post réalisées à partir de celles-ci ont cherché à repérer quel(s) apport(s) et difficulté(s) présentent des AN au niveau des savoirs expérientiels. Résultats : La conception de la formation centrée sur l’éthique et la démarche compréhensive non directive ont permis de développer une relation de respect favorisant l’apprentissage par la pratique des AN. Celles-ci, mises en œuvre tant par les soignants que par les patients et aidants partenaires se sont accompagnées de l’adoption d’une posture éducative propice à la coconstruction du soin. Discussion : Les résultats montrent le potentiel des AN pour collaborer au renforcement de la démocratie en santé à travers la légitimation des savoirs expérientiels. Conclusion : La formation aux AN basées sur le récit des expériences et des apprentissages acquis et leur explicitation via une relation fondée sur le respect donne des pistes pour un travail collaboratif en ETP en faisant émerger des formes de médiation, capables de saisir les dimensions de la vie avant, pendant et après la maladie, qui s’avèrent formatrices pour les personnes. Le recours aux AN constitue également un levier de transformation de la démarche éducative, en permettant à des patients et des aidants de devenir partenaires des soignants en ETP.
Rendre le patient acteur de son éducation thérapeutique : un dispositif de rééducation cognitivo-comportementale
Authors: Golliot Julie
Published: November 2021

La rééducation des troubles des fonctions exécutives, principalement observables après un AVC ou un traumatisme crânien, demande de nouveaux outils en ETP. Les patients n’étant plus en capacité d’articuler des actions ou pensées dirigées vers un but finalisé, ils ne sont plus autonomes et leur anosognosie limite fortement leur implication. Notre méthodologie de Serious Game Design au sein d’une démarche de recherche intervention dans un établissement de santé nous a permis de coconstruire de manière dynamique un dispositif thérapeutique. Sa scénarisation prend en compte les mécanismes d’apprentissage, la métacognition, la motivation et l’engagement. Correctement réalisé, ce travail peut améliorer l’apprentissage et le transfert en vie réelle. Pour aboutir à des perspectives concrètes, nous nous sommes basés sur des représentations liées aux dynamiques de la situation vécue, construites dans le cours de l’action. Le scénario propose ainsi une expérience porteuse de sens en mettant en avant la curiosité avec un comportement exploratoire. Son thème, sa narration interactive, ses éléments de jeu, ses mécaniques pour dédramatiser l’erreur et favoriser l’autodétermination relative, ses personnages pour la mise en œuvre de la théorie de l’esprit, ses métaphores d’interaction à travers des actions directes, le médium facilitateur et inclusif ou encore ses feed-back sont tous pensés pour replacer le patient au cœur de l’ETP, en tant que véritable acteur de sa rééducation afin de l’aider à parvenir à une prise de conscience de ses troubles et à l’élaboration de stratégies qui lui sont propres afin qu’il réacquiert son autonomie.
L’incertain au cœur de l’éducation thérapeutique du patient : une ressource heuristique en faveur des dires de soi
Authors: Arborio Sophie
Published: November 2021

Objectif : Le présent article découle de la synthèse de quatre recherches en anthropologie de la santé, autour de la périnatalité et des épilepsies sévères, en vue de proposer une réflexion à l’interface des notions d’incertitude, des dires de soi et de l’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP). Le rôle de la narration y est interrogé dans le cadre de pathologies à fortes incertitudes, tant sur le plan diagnostique que thérapeutique et social. La prise en charge qui en découle s’édifie alors au rythme de celles-ci, variables d’une situation à l’autre. À cet endroit, le savoir élaboré a priori est insuffisant pour traiter de ce que, par définition, l’on ne sait pas encore. En outre, ce qui adviendra peut-être ne laisse ensuite que peu de place à l’abstraction puisqu’une fois l’événement éclos, l’ordre devient celui de l’action ou, tout au moins d’une intelligence en situation. Comment un processus éducatif peut-il alors s’acquitter de cette dimension incertaine, imprévisible et aléatoire inhérente à ces situations pathologiques ? Une meilleure compréhension du rôle joué par la narration devient alors un enjeu identitaire et épistémologique central dans l’élaboration d’un dispositif d’ETP adapté. Méthode : Les quatre recherches présentées dans l’article s’appuient sur une méthode qualitative ethnographique, avec observations participantes et entretiens semi-directifs mais l’article se présente sous la forme d’une revue de littérature pluridisciplinaire établie sur la base des résultats de ces travaux. Résultats : Les résultats de cette synthèse démontrent que grâce à leur structure énonciative, les dires de soi participent à la reconstruction identitaire du sujet dans le cadre de l’ETP, en leur permettant de mieux s’adapter aux multiples incertitudes qui caractérisent certaines prises en charge. Conclusion : La narration représente le ferment d’une identité qui, une fois bouleversée par la maladie et le handicap rares, doit pouvoir se reconstruire notamment dans le cadre d’un programme d’ETP. Ce faisant, au-delà de la transmission d’informations médicales, l’ETP doit être en mesure d’accompagner les dires de soi des patients et/ou des aidants en vue de leur permettre de s’engager pleinement dans la prise en charge de leurs affections.
Motifs et résultats de consultations de mineurs non accompagnés dans une permanence d’accès aux soins
Authors: Plaete Justine , Schlienger Isabelle , Rabilloud Muriel , Letrilliart Laurent
Published: November 2021

Objectif : Décrire les motifs et les résultats de consultation (problèmes de santé) des mineurs non accompagnés (MNA) pris en charge dans une permanence d’accès aux soins (PASS) des Hospices civils de Lyon. Méthodes : Les données de consultations des MNA pris en charge en 2016 et 2017 à la PASS de l’hôpital Édouard-Herriot de Lyon ont été recueillies et codées selon la Classification internationale des soins primaires, version 2 (CISP-2). Résultats : Les MNA étaient en majorité des adolescents de sexe masculin originaires de pays francophones d’Afrique subsaharienne. Chaque consultation comportait en moyenne 1,6 motif de consultation (IC95% : 1,5–1,8) et 2,0 résultats de consultation (IC95% : 1,9–2,1). En dehors de la discussion de résultats d’examens, les motifs de consultation les plus fréquents étaient des symptômes physiques, en particulier une douleur abdominale généralisée (8,7 %), des céphalées (6,6 %) ou un prurit (6,5 %). Les résultats de consultation étaient principalement des pathologies digestives (11,4 %), cutanées (11,0 %) et ostéo-articulaires (7,0 %), les diagnostics psychiques étant rares (4,4 %). Conclusions : Les MNA présentent une bonne santé apparente, résultant vraisemblablement d’un sous-diagnostic des maladies infectieuses et des troubles psychiques. Nous préconisons la mise en place dans les PASS d’un protocole de dépistage des pathologies infectieuses et de détection des troubles psychiques.
Déterminants de la non-satisfaction des besoins en planification familiale chez les jeunes femmes mariées au Burundi
Authors: Bahimana Adolphe , Mburano Rwenge Jean-Robert
Published: November 2021

Introduction : Au Burundi, sept individus sur dix sont âgés de moins de 25 ans et un sur cinq, de 15-24 ans. Améliorer les besoins de ces jeunes en santé sexuelle et reproductive est essentiel pour garantir leur santé et faciliter leur éducation, leur proposer des emplois valorisants et réduire la pauvreté. But de l’étude : Rechercher les « déterminants » des besoins non satisfaits (BNS) en planification familiale (PF) chez les jeunes femmes mariées dans ce pays. Résultats : Les analyses des données de l’Enquête démographique et de santé (EDS) réalisée au Burundi en 2016, effectuées en recourant aux modèles de régression logistique binaire, révèlent que les « déterminants » du phénomène sont la région de résidence, la composition familiale du ménage, le nombre d’enfants survivants, le déséquilibre dans les sexes des enfants et la prise des décisions dans le domaine de la santé. Le risque de BNS en PF s’est avéré plus élevé au Nord du Burundi qu’à l’Est. Par ailleurs, les répondantes ayant au moins deux enfants en vie, ayant plus de filles que de garçons et prenant seules les décisions sur leur santé ont le plus exprimé des BNS en PF. Conclusion : Pour qu’au Burundi la prévalence des méthodes contraceptives modernes augmente chez les jeunes femmes mariées, on devrait donc renforcer les campagnes de sensibilisation sur les bienfaits et l’importance de la PF en direction de celles ayant ces caractéristiques et améliorer leur accessibilité à ces méthodes.