bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUANDO É CENOGRAFIA?
Authors: Machado João Carlos
Published: April 2020

A partir de questões levantadas nas recentes edições das Quadrienais de Praga e das experiências artísticas e de pesquisa do autor, o texto trata de algumas possíveis definições dos conceitos de cenografia, performance, performatividade e teatralidade, buscando estabelecer distinções e aproximações entre as artes cênicas e as artes visuais, principalmente no campo da escultura. Para tanto são analisadas questões levantadas por autores como Rosalind Krauss e Josette Féral, entre outros, pertinentes às concepções culturalmente construídas destes campos e conceitos, bem como aos modos de pensar o fazer e os processos criativos destas áreas.  Palavras-chave Cenografia. Teatralidade. Performance. Escultura.
[ID 47253] CARACTERÍSTICAS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS DO PALATO ÓSSEO DE UMA AMOSTRA BRASILEIRA DE ESQUELETOS IDENTIFICADOS
Authors: Fernandes Larissa Chaves Cardoso , Rabello Patrícia Moreira , Daruge Júnior Eduardo , Porto Gabriela Granja , Carvalho Marcus Vitor Diniz de , Soriano Evelyne Pessoa
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever as características antropométricas do palato ósseo de uma amostra brasileira de esqueletos identificados Metodologia: Foi desenvolvido um estudo de corte transversal, por meio da análise de 178 crânios secos humanos, oriundos do Arquivo de Ossadas do Departamento de Odontologia Social da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP/UNICAMP), São Paulo. Utilizando paquímetro digital, foram realizadas medições lineares que incluíam forame incisivo à espinha nasal posterior (FI-ENP), forame palatino maior direito ao forame palatino maior esquerdo (FPMD-FPME), forame incisivo ao forame palatino maior direito (FI-FPMD) e forame incisivo ao forame palatino maior esquerdo (FI-FPME). Os testes t-Student, F(ANOVA), Tukey, LSD, Kruskal Wallis e Pearson, com nível de significância de 5,0%. Resultados: Do total de crânios analisados, 54,5% eram do sexo masculino, com mediana de idade de 56 anos. Todas as medidas analisadas apresentaram dimorfismo sexual, onde homens possuíram maiores dimensões do que o sexo oposto (p
Cuerpos extraños radiopacos con doble contorno en la vía digestiva: ¿Son siempre pilas de botón?
Authors: Ormeño Julca Alexis Jose , Echevarría López Nora Flor
Published: April 2020

La ingesta accidental de cuerpos extraños constituye una emergencia en los servicios de atención pediátrica y el grupo más frecuentemente afectado se encuentra en los pacientes entre los 6 meses y los 3 años. Asimismo, la ingesta de pilas de botón es un factor de riesgo importante para el desarrollo de complicaciones tempranas severas como la perforación esofágica y mediastinitis, y a largo plazo, la aparición de estenosis. Por este motivo, su identificación temprana y la extracción constituyen las estrategias más importantes de manejo. Se ha descrito como característico el hallazgo del doble contorno en la radiografía frontal cérvico-toracoabdominal en estos pacientes. Sin embargo, se ha reportado el mismo signo radiológico en cuerpos extraños diferentes. En el presente artículo se presentan dos casos con estas características.
Saint Tryphon’s reliquary casket in Kotor. A contribution to the study of the iconography
Authors: Zivkovic Valentina
Published: April 2020

The paper analyses late Gothic and early Renaissance imagery on the reliquary
casket of Saint Tryphon kept in the Kotor Cathedral. The iconography of the
torture and death scenes of the young martyr Tryphon, as well the
representation of the architecture on the model of the town of Kotor in the
hand of Saint Tryphon opens up the possibility of interpreting this reliquary
in a historical context. The paper proposes an interpretation of the
iconography of the scenes on the reliquary casket as part of the constructed
memory of the Ottoman siege of Kotor under the command of kapudan pacha
Hayreddin Barbarossa (1539) and the Venetian defense of the town. A similar
way of creating memories through juxtaposing images of Turks, members of the
Holy League and Kotor?s devotees under the protection of Saint Tryphon has
been recorded in poetry, chronicles, and epistles.
Nurse-Performed Ultrasound-Guided Technique for Difficult Peripheral Intravenous Access in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nishizawa Takuya , Matsumoto Takashi , Todaka Takafumi , Sasano Mikio , Kitagawa Hironobu , Shimabuku Ayano
Published: April 2020

Highlights

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare nurse-performed ultrasound (US)-guided technique with standard of care (SOC) technique for difficult peripheral intravenous (PIV) access among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and Methods: This was a randomized, prospective, open-label single-site study. ICU nurses completed a standardized training program for US-guided PIV access placement before patient enrollment. ICU patients with difficult PIV access were randomized to either nurse-performed US-guided technique or SOC technique. Primary outcome was success rate on the first attempt. Secondary outcomes were success rate after 2 attempts and frequency of complications after successful placement.

Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled; 30 were randomized to receive US-guided technique, and 30 to SOC technique. Success rate on the first attempt was significantly higher with US-guided technique compared with SOC technique (70% vs 40%; P < 0.05). Success rates after 2 attempts were 73.3% for US-guided technique and 46.6% for SOC technique (P = 0.065). Extravasation after successful placement occurred in 13.6% of patients with US-guided technique, and 28.6% of patients with SOC technique (P = 0.394).

Conclusions: Among ICU patients with difficult PIV access, US-guided PIV access placement by nurses who underwent standardized training was more successful than placement with SOC technique.
Combining Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors to Target Multiple Organ Defects in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Anderson John E.
Published: April 2020

Long-term risks of macro- and microvascular complications may be reduced in people with type 2 diabetes who achieve early and sustained glycemic control. Delays in attaining A1C goals are associated with poor long-term cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are glucose-lowering therapies that act through complementary mechanisms of action with regard to the pathophysiologic defects of type 2 diabetes. Trials of agents in both drug classes have demonstrated improvements in CV and renal outcomes. This review discusses the rationale for combination therapy with a GLP-1 receptor agonist and an SGLT2 inhibitor, including early initiation of this combination in newly diagnosed patients. This combination may lead to timely glycemic control and potentially additive CV and renal benefits. Clinical studies of the combination have shown partially additive effects on A1C reduction, additive effects on weight reduction, and potentially synergistic effects on blood pressure reduction. Long-term studies are needed to determine whether the combination provides an additional effect on CV and renal outcomes compared with agents from either drug class when used alone.
Effect of Deep Margin Elevation on CAD/CAM-Fabricated Ceramic Inlays
Authors: Vertolli TJ , Martinsen BD , Hanson CM , Howard RS , Kooistra S , Ye L
Published: April 2020

Clinical Relevance

Using the deep margin elevation technique in preparations extending beyond the cemento-enamel junction appears to be beneficial in maintaining structural integrity of CAD/CAM-fabricated feldspathic ceramic inlays.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of deep margin elevation on structural and marginal integrity of ceramic inlays.

Methods and Materials: Forty extracted human third molars were collected and randomly separated into four groups (n=10/group). In group 1 (enamel margin group), the gingival margin was placed 1 mm supragingival to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). In group 2 (cementum margin group), the gingival margin was placed 2 mm below the CEJ. In group 3 (glass ionomer [GI] margin group), the gingival margin was placed 2 mm below the CEJ, and then the margin elevated with GI to the CEJ. In group 4 (resin-modified glass ionomer [RMGI] margin group), the gingival margin was placed 2 mm below the CEJ, and then the margin elevated with RMGI to the CEJ. Standardized ceramic class II inlays were fabricated with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing and bonded to all teeth, and ceramic proximal box heights were measured. All teeth were subjected to 10,000 cycles of thermocycling (5°C/55°C) and then underwent 1,200,000 cycles of vertical chewing simulation at 50 N of force. Ceramic restorations and marginal integrity were assessed with a Hirox digital microscope. The Fisher exact test (two-tailed) with adjusted p-values (α=0.05) and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results: The cementum margin group had a significantly higher ceramic fracture rate (90%) compared to other groups (10% in enamel margin and GI margin groups, p=0.007; 0% in RMGI group, p<0.001). Logistic regression showed that with increased ceramic proximal box heights, the probability of ceramic fracture increased dramatically.

Conclusion: Deep marginal elevation resulted in decreased ceramic fracture when preparation margins were located below the CEJ. There was no difference found between margin elevation with GI or RMGI. Increased heights of ceramic proximal box may lead to an increased probability of ceramic fracture.
Whose Needs and What is to be Sustained
Authors: Hughes Michael , Morrison-Saunders Angus
Published: April 2020

This chapter explores sustainable tourism development and collaboration in relation to the needs of tourists and of host communities. It is a collaboration of two academics operating in parallel, although occasionally intersecting, fields of study: tourism, and sustainability assessment. Through combining our knowledge and pursuits in each field, we work towards a shared goal that hopefully transcends what could be accomplished alone. Our approach is to explore the notion of human needs as it is expressed in the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) (1987) definition of sustainable development and the UN World Tourism Organisation (WTO) appropriation of the definition for sustainable tourism development. Our starting point is thus to unpack the key terms employed in these definitions prior to drilling down more specifically into analysing needs in the context of sustain able tourism development and collaboration. In so doing, many inter-related facets of sustainability thinking and of tourism understanding are revealed. Our method is principally a literature review amounting to a theoretical exploration of concepts, illustrated with published examples from practice. Our analysis leads us to propose an alternative definition of sustainable tourism development that emphasises the priority of ‘host community’ needs that better aligns with the spirit of the WCED definition.
The Responsibility of Corporations for Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Dwyer Larry , Lund-Durlacher Dagmar
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an understanding of the principles and practices of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and to discuss how the concept of collaboration can facilitate the implementation of CSR strategies and operations. Increasing numbers of tourism companies are incorporating the concept of CSR in their business models, to improve the environment, the quality of life of local communities and the welfare of their employees. The chapter first illustrates and discusses the principles of CSR, and identifies the key benefits of incorporating CSR such as efficiencies, improved stakeholder relationships and enhanced profitability. Next, the chapter highlights the necessary changes in organisational attitudes and behaviour needed to underpin the implementation of CSR. Finally, it identifies the roles of internal and external stakeholders and suggests how collaboration among stakeholders can contribute to positive societal change.
EDITORIAL DA REVISTA E-CURRICULUM: A PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA EM TEMPOS ADVERSOS
Authors: Chizzotti Antonio , Almeida Maria Elizabeth Bianconcini de
Published: April 2020

A educação passou por grandes crises ao longo dos anos. Nesse ano, porém, de modo singular, a crise assumiu proporções inéditas provocada pelos confrontos políticos internacionais e nacionais e pela guerra fiscal entre as potências econômicas. Essa situação, agravada pela pandemia do novo Coronavírus, alcunhada COVID-19, trouxe problemas inesperados, com alto grau de incidência na vida particular e na vida social, e com consequências inéditas na educação e no currículo.A insegurança social com o governo do país e o acirramento das tensões políticas geraram um clima de exasperação da retórica partidária, que adentrou a vida acadêmica, contaminou o discurso científico e comprometeu tanto o apoio quanto o financiamento da pesquisa brasileira. A sobreposição de uma pandemia de dimensões globais, trazida pelo Coronavírus, adensou o clima de acirramento social e trouxe um agravamento das disputas partidárias com sérias consequências para a vida econômica e social. No campo da gestão da educação, as providências erráticas do Ministério da Educação agravaram, ainda mais, o campo da pesquisa e da educação nacional, com consequências profundas nas atividades cientificas dos educadores e da pesquisa acadêmica. O que torna o momento atual, particularmente, preocupante é que o espaço para o debate sobre os rumos da educação nacional tem sido, progressivamente, diminuído e substituído por uma retórica tribal de opiniões exasperadas, que acirra os ânimos, obscurece os esforços dos pesquisadores e ameaça comprometer a produção científica no Brasil.Nesse contexto singular da vida nacional e da produção e da difusão científicas, a Revista e-Curriculum, fiel ao seu compromisso de contribuir com o incremento da produção e difusão dos esforços científicos dos pesquisadores, tratou, de modo especial, nesse número, de ampliar as possibilidades de oportunizar a publicação de autores nacionais que, afrontando as adversidades do momento histórico do país, mantiveram seus esforços de investigação e de produção científica, a fim de lograr a construção de um contexto dialógico e colaborativo com o objetivo de superar as hostilidades interpessoais, as diatribes políticas e contribuir com os esforços coletivos na superação de uma crise, ainda em curso, e de consequências prospectivas muito graves.
A REFORMA EM CURSO NO ENSINO MÉDIO BRASILEIRO E A NATURALIZAÇÃO DAS DESIGUALDADES ESCOLARES E SOCIAIS
Authors: Furtado Renan Santos , Silva Vergas Vitória Andrade da
Published: April 2020

Este estudo discute as mudanças definidas para o “novo” ensino médio brasileiro. O foco de análise recai sobre o aspecto que diz respeito à reforma curricular que instaura os itinerários formativos. Para dar conta desse propósito, levantamos o seguinte problema de pesquisa: a escolha por itinerários formativos pode contribuir para o alargamento das desigualdades no sistema escolar? Do ponto de vista da abordagem teórica, este artigo fundamentou a análise da reforma curricular à luz da perspectiva dos sociólogos Pierre Bourdieu e Jean Claude-Passeron. A proposta da análise teórica é correlacionar os itinerários formativos com a função própria aos sistemas de ensino, quais sejam: a de reprodução e de legitimação das desigualdades sociais. Em termos metodológicos, produzimos uma pesquisa cuja perspectiva pretendeu-se qualitativa. O enfoque da investigação empírica sustentou-se no documento da Lei 13.415/2017, por isso, elegemos a técnica de pesquisa análise documental. Nossa proposta metodológica passou obrigatoriamente pela análise da estrutura discursiva presente na Lei. Para tanto, descrevemos, analisamos e interpretamos os enunciados do texto, procurando perceber o que subjaz às palavras, suas construções ideológicas e os discursos implícitos. Ao fim, inferimos que a função própria aos sistemas de ensino de ocultar sua relação dissimulada com as classes sociais vincula-se ao objetivo, também oculto, da reforma do ensino médio e dos itinerários formativos, qual seja: propiciar a estudantes, impedidos de fazer “escolhas”, uma formação diminuta baseada em realidades sociais demasiadamente desiguais, elevando, dessa maneira, as desigualdades e as injustiças que serão reproduzidas e legitimadas pelo próprio campo educacional.
“CANTINHO DO PENSAMENTO”: UM ATO NORMATIVO?
Authors: Jesus Eliane Maria de , Monteiro Silas Borges
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho é oriundo de uma pesquisa, ora em andamento, com chancela da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Objetiva-se trazer narrativas de crianças sobre suas vivências acerca do “cantinho do pensamento”, em uma creche pública no interior do estado de Mato Grosso. A investigação se insere no campo da Educação em interface com a filosofia da diferença. Dialoga com autores como Jacques Derrida/Nietzsche, Deleuze, Kohan, Corazza e outros assemelhados. As itinerâncias metodológicas lançaram mão da observação participante e da escuta de narrativas, evocadas por crianças no âmbito de uma cenacontecimento na ambiência da creche. A cena resulta de exercícios de um experimentar possibilidades, a do “cantinho” como ato normativo, dimensionado no pensar criativo e autônomo de crianças na Educação Infantil. Nessa direção, apresentam-se no texto modos outros de se pensar as infâncias, num movimento desconstrutor, bem ao modo derridiano, afirmando infâncias, que operam em uma lógica própria, e se mostram para nós a maneira como reverberam seus atos nessa instituição, com suas artistagens, devires e vivências.
Geophysical analysis of landscape polystructures
Authors: Sysuev Vladislav V.
Published: April 2020

The objective identification of landscape cover units is very important for sustainable environmental management planning. The article proposes a method-algorithm for describing the formation of landscape structures, which is based on the classic landscape analysis and applies the parameters of geophysical fields. The main driving forces of all structure-forming processes are the gradients of gravitational and insolation fields, parameters of which were calculated using the digital elevation models and the GIS-technologies. A minimum number of principal parameters are selected for typological and functional classification of landscapes. The number and importance of parameters were identified basing on the results of numerical experiments. Landscape classifications elaborated on the basis of standard numerical methods take a fundamental geophysical value. In this case, a concept of polystructural landscape organization is logical: by selecting different structure-forming processes and physical parameters, different classifications of landscapes could be elaborated. The models of geosystem functioning are closely related to their structure through boundary conditions and relations between parameters. All models of processes and structures are verified by field experimental data obtained under diverse environmental conditions.
Arctic entrepreneurship development factors
Authors: Pilyasov Alexander N.
Published: April 2020

When studying Arctic entrepreneurship, the researcher encounters many paradoxes. Against the background of a powerfully developed topic of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship in regional science, the layer of work on the entrepreneur in the Arctic is extremely thin. What is even worse – well-known mainstream theories turns out to be unsuitable for the study of Arctic entrepreneurship.

Under these conditions, the only way out for a researcher is to attach to a zonal paradigm and recognize the Arctic as an anti-mainland, and Arctic entrepreneur as the full antipode of a continental fellow. The adherence to the zonal paradigm removes contradictions and equips the researcher with a comparative method to elaborate all facets of the Arctic exceptionalism in the figure of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur here is understood as a close «relative» to the indigenous peoples and the entire Arctic economy, the Arctic environment, and their specific behavioral traits and adaptation strategies to natural and economic extremes.

The most important factors in the development of entrepreneurship in the Arctic, which create a mosaic picture of situations in the Arctic territories, are: the geographical location – an island or quasi-mainland position; the presence of large resource corporations and a specific stage of their exploitation of the resource field; the institutional structure of the local economy in terms of the degree of nationalization. The cumulative impact of these factors creates a multi-faceted picture, when the Murmansk oblast is at one pole of the extreme favorable conditions for business, and the Chukotka autonomous okrug is at the other extreme hardness.

However, the favorable factors themselves do not guarantee the active development of entrepreneurship. The example of the Murmansk oblast demonstrates the opposite: the conditions for entrepreneurs here are so comfortable that they prefer to slip to the south, where there is no need to bear the burden of northern guarantees and compensations for the employee, and from there to conduct their business activities.
A serviço da Medicina: origem da disciplina de Química no Compêndio Histórico da Universidade de Coimbra (1771)
Authors: Santos Ademir , Custódio Renato
Published: April 2020

O estudo objetiva contribuir para a discussão sobre a origem da disciplina de Química e a sua institucionalização no campo educacional. A metodologia está embasada em pesquisa documental. O procedimento analítico foi realizado por meio de análise de conteúdo do Compêndio Histórico da Universidade de Coimbra e parametrizado por referencial que trata da história das disciplinas escolares. As análises produziram as categorias finais ensino da Química e conteúdos da Química, compostas por termos que, tanto em sua definição como pelos conteúdos de ensino que foram gerados ao longo da história, expressam características que vinculam a utilização da Química aos estudos da Medicina. Os resultados mostram que os conteúdos referentes à Química identificados no Compêndio apresentam um caráter seminal, manifestando aspectos da gênese e da implementação da Química como disciplina escolar. Concluímos que na origem da disciplina se encontra sua importância para os estudos superiores de Medicina, o que revela uma das finalidades que presidiram sua institucionalização no campo educacional.
Influence of Folk Toys on Spiritual and Moral Culture and its Use in Preschool Education
Authors:   Moscow pedagogical University, Burovkina Lyudmila Aleksandrovna , Afanaskina Marina Aleksandrovna ,   Moscow pedagogical University
Published: April 2020

The paper deals with the problem of spiritual, moral and aesthetic education of the individual in preschool years. One of the conditions for its effective solution, according to the authors, is the formation of a stable interest in the folk toy. This will make it possible to introduce children to the national culture, folk art, in which the ideal of a person was originally praised, loyalty to traditions, customs, rituals and love for the small motherland, cultural and spiritual values were appreciated. The art of different ethnic groups often shows similar features in cultural traditions, which makes it possible to learn more about not only folk decorative and applied art (DAA) of their country, but also world art in general. Students can successfully study and manufacture textile (rag) dolls in institutions of additional education of artistic and aesthetic orientation, starting from preschool age. Children’s passion for folk toys contributes to the formation and education of an aesthetic attitude to reality.
Inter-ethnic Harmony in the National Region in Modern Society (Based on a Sociological Study in the Republic of Buryatia)
Authors:   Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMBTS SB RAS), Zhalsanova Valentina Gurozhapovna , Biltrikova Ayuna Vladimirovna ,   Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMBTS SB RAS)
Published: April 2020

The study presents data of a mass survey of the population conducted in the Republic of Buryatia in 2018–2019. Inter-ethnic harmony is considered an important consolidating factor in a multi-ethnic society. It is shown that Buryatia is one of the regions with favorable and stable relations between its peoples based on assessments of the population’s concern of the inter-ethnic relations state and their vision of the prospects for its development in the next two to three years. A comparative analysis with the research of the Federal Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences carried out in other national republics (Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Karelia, Sakha (Yakutia)) led to the conclusion that there are common and different development trends in this area of social relations. The study confirmed that there is a determinative connection and dependence on socio-economic development between the state of inter-ethnic relations and their assessment by the population.
Heteroethnic Environment as a Factor of Individual’s Ethnic Identity
Authors:   Chechen State Pedagogical University, Boltayeva Leila Shaitovna
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the analysis of the heteroethnic family as a factor in the formation of ethnic identity, as well as the mechanisms of this process, carried out in a multi-ethnic environment. The external factors that increase the importance of ethnicity in society and the factors determining peculiarities of ethnic identity in the process of socialization of personality are given: the homogeneity of ethnic environment, belonging to the majority or minority group, features of socialization, hetero - or homogeneity of the family, the implemented model of parenthood, etc. Special attention is paid to the concept and classification of inter-ethnic marriages and their influence on the process of ethnic identity of a child brought up in the conditions of interaction of the two cultures. The paper describes the features and types of ethnic identity that is formed in a multi-ethnic environment, as well as the possible results and consequences of the process of ethnic identification of people from inter-ethnic marriages.
THE EVALUATION OF THERMAL, ROOM ACOUSTICS AND DAYLIGHT PERFORMANCE OF OLD INDRAPURI MOSQUE IN ACEH BESAR, INDONESIA
Authors: Laina Hilma Laina Hilma , Izziah Izziah , Meutia Erna , Zulfian Zulfian
Published: April 2020

This paper aims at assessing the performance of thermal, room acoustics and daylight of the old Indrapuri mosque. Indrapuri mosque is located in Aceh Besar and built in the 12th century. The mosque is famous with the history of Aceh; therefore, it belongs to the cultural heritage object conserved by the government. After some decades, the facade has been maintained and conserved. However, some conservation steps were shifted from the principle ones such as using traditional techniques and materials. The data were collected using survey and mechanical measurement. The results show that some replacements cause some spatial discomforts such as higher indoor thermal performance. It is indicated in Olgyay’s bioclimatic chart which also shows that the air movement should be increased to reach the comfort zone. The mosque acoustics performance has slightly high background noise, while the sound pressure level and reverberation time still meet the standard. The daylight remains good. This is shown when there is no electrical light is switched on during the day including daytime prayer i.e. Zuhr (1 pm) and 'Ashr (4 pm).
Madness is the emergency exit
Authors: Silva Filho Gedion Caldas da , Xavier Bruno Gadelha
Published: April 2020

A expansão do controle jurisdicional do Estado, bem como o frequente uso dos plenos poderes, denota uma clara cerceação de direitos e garantias fundamentais que, em seu próprio âmbito, resulta na eterna anomia entre norma e direito. O estado de necessidade, do qual se baseia a exceção, como pode-se constatar ao longo da história em muitos Estados contemporâneos, é utilizado como solo fértil para cessação desenfreada de direitos e garantias que, em regra, não podem ser suspensos no plano de direito. Para a percepção desse fenômeno, além de ferramenta essencial para o estudo, as mídias literárias proporcionam uma fonte inesgotável de analogias com o instituto do estado de exceção. Isto posto, analisar-se-á a conexão dos personagens Batman e Coringa em The Killing Joke, de modo que, nesse sentido, sua relação configura a própria exceção em si.

Palavras-Chave: Direito. Estado de Exceção. Literatura. The Killing Joke.
Identity-based Earning Discrimination among Chinese People
Authors: Siddique Abu Bakkar
Published: April 2020

Hukou registration is an instrument to control nonplanned population and capital movements, which the Chinese Communist Party has been exploiting extensively since the 1950s. It requires that each Chinese citizen be classified as either an agricultural or nonagricultural hukou inheritor and be distinguished by their location with respect to an administrative unit. Hukou distribution used to be entirely determined by birth, but nowadays, Chinese citizens can self-select their hukou status based on their ability that causes selection bias in conventional wage decomposition by hukou types. To avoid this bias, I estimated hukou-based earning discrimination by matching Chinese individuals based on a rich set of individual-, family-, and society-level characteristics. By deploying a recent nationally representative dataset, this paper finds that significant earning discriminations exist against agricultural hukou people. I further investigated the impact of hukou adoption within work ownership, work and employer types, and labor contract conditions. I argue that earning difference by hukou is not due to rural–urban segregations; rather, it is systematic and institutionally enforced. This is because, contrary to self-employment and no labor contract conditions, discrimination exists only when others employ them and where a labor contract condition is enforced. Moreover, they face discrimination only when they work for the Chinese government, not when they work for private firms, and they face higher discrimination in nonagriculture-related professions compared to agriculture-related professions.
Reducing Total Dissolved Solid of Livestock Wastewater with Moringa Seed Powder
Authors: Merdana I Made , Suada I Ketut , Putra I Putu Agus  Santika
Published: April 2020

In recent years environmental pollution has become a problem that needs attention because it causes negative impacts on ecosystems. The increase in cattle raising is directly proportional to livestock waste produced both from feces and excreted urine. Most people do not know how to process animal wastewater, so they dispose the livestock waste into water areas such as rivers that flow close to settlements. Water quality can be measured by several parameters, one of which is total dissolved solids (TDS). This parameter states the amount of solute both organic and inorganic in a solution. Moringa seeds have a coagulant effect due to their cationic electronic poly protein content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of moringa seeds on reducing TDS of livestock wastewater. The sample of this study was cattle farm wastewater taken from the cages of members of the Walung Mekar farmer group. Moringa seed powder concentrations used in this study were 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L. Observation was conducted in various time periods 0 minutes, 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes. The TDS calculation method used gravimetric calculations (SNI 06-6989.27-2005). The results of variance indicated that Moringa oleifera powder had a very significant effect on the reduction of TDS levels in livestock wastewater. In summary, the best concentration of Moringa oleifera powder at 150 mg/L and the best deposition time at 60 minutes was able to reduce TDS levels.
Competitive Positions in Restaurant Business in Present-Day Conditions Based on the Example of Chernivtsi (Ukraine)
Authors: Yemchuk Tetiana , Arpul Oksana
Published: April 2020

Intensification of competition in restaurant business is accompanied by the emergence of a large number of competing dining establishments in both domestic and foreign markets, the increase of market requirements that force restaurants to continuously develop their strategic potentials, seek for various options for their effective work and create new competitive advantages. Availability of such advantages in restaurant industry is among the most important preconditions to obtain the surplus and develop business, which determines the relevance of the present research. Thus, the present study is aimed at demonstrating the ways of helping an increase of the competitiveness and efficiency in public catering establishments in present-day conditions of economic management. The authors discuss the concept of competitive advantages, analyse the results of the assessment of restaurant competitiveness (60 restaurants of Chernivtsi have been assessed), and suggest criteria to help rank the restaurant-type establishments of Chernivtsi by indicators of their competitiveness. The company’s total rating combines all important parameters (indicators) of financial and economic activity, marketing, investment, production activities, etc. Rating of competitiveness makes it possible to see which the best restaurants are, as well as to determine further goals and steps for those who gained fewer points. These goals and steps include: efficient use of available potential; definition and expansion of the range of products; up-to-date serving; development and introduction of new forms of service; development of customer-oriented complex of restaurant services based on the study of customers’ habits; increase of staff competitiveness; reduction of restaurant expenses; attraction of new customers by way of modern advertising campaigns, etc.
Una festa da paura! Mi sono divertito da morire! Gli intensificatori iperbolici dell’italiano e la loro resa in russo
Authors: Benigni Valentina
Published: April 2020

Abstrakt

Il contributo propone una trattazione complessiva di alcuni tipi di locuzioni aggettivali e avverbiali dell’italiano introdotte dalla preposizione da che hanno la funzione di intensificare il significato dell’elemento a cui si riferiscono attraverso un’iperbole: una vacanza da sogno, bella da impazzire, mi annoio da morire. Alcune di queste strutture mostrano un carattere altamente polifunzionale che si manifesta nella capacità di modificare diverse classi di parole (nomi, aggettivi, verbi), nonché di occorrere da sole, indipendente da una testa sintattica, come segnali discorsivi. Nel lavoro verrà proposta una classificazione corpus based dei diversi pattern sintattici e dei formati semantici che vi si associano. L’analisi offre spunti interessanti anche per una descrizione della polisemia della preposizione da e per lo studio delle relazioni concettuali che codificano l’iperbole. Infine, l’ultima parte del lavoro è dedicata a un’analisi contrastiva italiano-russo-inglese e rappresenta un primo tentativo di individuare convergenze e divergenze nell’uso di iperboli intensificative tra lingue appartenenti a gruppi diversi.

"Una festa da paura! Mi sono divertito da morire!". Intensyfikatory o znaczeniu nacechowanym dodatnio i ujemnie oraz ich odpowiedniki w języku rosyjskim

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest kompleksowa analiza niektórych włoskich wyrażeńfrazeolologicznych przymiotnikowych i przysłówkowych wprowadzonych przez przyimek ‘da’ i pełniących funkcję intensyfikatora znaczenia elementu, do którego się one odnoszą za pomocą hiperboli: ‘vacanza da sogno’, ‘bella da impazzire’, ‘mi annoio da morire’. Niektóre z tych struktur posiadają wielofunkcyjną naturę: mogą modyfikować różne części mowy (rzeczowniki, przymiotniki, czasowniki), mogą też występować samodzielnie, niezależnie od członu określonego w syntagmie, jako sygnały dyskursywne. Artykuł zawiera klasyfikację różnych wzorców syntaktycznych i tak zwanych formatów semantycznych, które się z nimi łączą, opracowaną w oparciu o korpusową (corpus based) analizę porównawczą. Analiza jest punktem wyjścia do opisu polisemii przyimka ‘da’ i do analizy relacji konceptualnych, które kodyfikują hiperbole. Ostatnia część artykułu poświęcona jest analizie kontrastywnej języków włoskiego, rosyjskiego, angielskiego i stanowi pierwszą próbę wyodrębnienia zbieżności i rozbieżności w zastosowaniu hiperboli intensyfikujących w obrębie języków należących do różnych grup.
Physical Therapy Evaluation and Treatment After Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Quatman-Yates Catherine C. , Hunter-Giordano Airelle , Shimamura Kathy K. , Landel Rob , Alsalaheen Bara A. , Hanke Timothy A. , McCulloch Karen L. , Altman Roy D. , Beattie Paul , Berz Kate E. , Bley Bradley , Cecchini Amy , Dewitt John , Ferland Amanda , Gagnon Isabelle , Gill-Body Kathleen , Kaplan Sandra , Leddy John J. , McGrath Shana , Pagnotta Geraldine L. , Reneker Jennifer , Schwertfeger Julie , Silverberg Noah
Published: April 2020

Over the last decade, numerous concussion evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), consensus statements, and clinical guidance documents have been published. These documents have typically focused on the diagnosis of concussion and medical management of individuals post concussion, but provide little specific guidance for physical therapy management of concussion and its associated impairments. Further, many of these guidance documents have targeted specific populations in specific care contexts. The primary purpose of this CPG is to provide a set of evidence-based recommendations for physical therapist management of the wide spectrum of patients who have experienced a concussive event. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(4):CPG1–CPG73. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0301
A film adaptation of Stephen King’s novella “Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption” (1982) as an example of a multimodal translation pattern
Authors: Szochner Wiktor
Published: April 2020

Recently, I came across the statement that „adaptation is a procedure for the translation of the film” (Post). Adaptation reaches not only the increasing circles of the cinema or art, but also our lives, and the very concept of adaptation undergoes constant expansion. The main goal of this article is to show that film adaptation is an example of a multimodal translation pattern. As a result, we receive a completely new text, which is a film, in contrast to its literary prototype. To show that a film adaptation is an example of a multimodal translation pattern I will discuss it from a linguistic point of view. The article will often refer to modality or multimodal text. I will also present a small part of the research conducted on the film from a linguistic point of view at the Philology University (Wyższa Szkoła Filologiczna) in Wrocław.
Isoreticular Linker Substitution in Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks with Through-Space Transport Pathways
Authors: Xie Lilia S. , Park Sarah S. , Chmielewski Michał J. , Liu Hanyu , Kharod Ruby A. , Yang Luming , Campbell Michael G. , Dinca Mircea
Published: April 2020

The extension of reticular chemistry concepts to electrically conductive three-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been challenging, particularly for cases in which strong interactions between electroactive linkers create the charge transport pathways. Here, we report the successful replacement of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) with a nickel glyoximate core in a family of isostructural conductive MOFs with Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+. Different coordination environments of the framework metals lead to variations in the linker stacking geometries and optical properties. Single crystal conductivity data are consistent with charge transport along the linker stacking direction, with conductivity values only slightly lower than those reported for the analogous TTF materials. These results serve as a case study demonstrating how reticular chemistry design principles can be extended to conductive frameworks with significant intermolecular contacts.
Identification of FDA Approved Drugs Targeting COVID-19 Virus by Structure-Based Drug Repositioning (Version 2)
Authors: Farag Ayman , Wang Ping , Ahmed Mahmoud , Sadek Hesham
Published: April 2020

The new strain of Coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2), and the resulting Covid-19 disease has spread swiftly across the globe after its initial detection in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, resulting in a pandemic status declaration by WHO within 3 months. Given the heavy toll of this pandemic, researchers are actively testing various strategies including new and repurposed drugs as well as vaccines. In the current brief report, we adopted a repositioning approach using insilico molecular modeling screening using FDA approved drugs with established safety profiles for potential inhibitory effects on Covid-19 virus. We started with structure based drug design by screening more than 2000 FDA approved drugs against Covid-19 virus main protease enzyme (Mpro) substrate-binding pocket focusing on two potential sites (central and terminal sites) to identify potential hits based on their binding energies, binding modes, interacting amino acids, and therapeutic indications. In addition, we elucidate preliminary pharmacophore features for candidates bound to Covid-19 virus Mpro substrate-binding pocket. The top hits bound to the central site of Mpro substrate-binding pocket include antiviral drugs such as Darunavir, Nelfinavir and Saquinavir, some of which are already being tested in Covid-19 patients. Interestingly, one of the most promising hits in our screen is the hypercholesterolemia drug Rosuvastatin. In addition, the top hits bound to the terminal site of Mpro substrate-binding pocket include the anti-asthma drug Montelukast and the anti-histaminic Fexofenadine among others. These results certainly do not confirm or indicate antiviral activity, but can rather be used as a starting point for further in vitro and in vivo testing, either individually or in combination.
In silico Screening of Food Bioactive Compounds to Predict Potential Inhibitors of COVID-19 Main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)
Authors: Pendyala Brahmaiah , Patras Ankit
Published: April 2020

As novel corona virus (COVID-19) infections has spread throughout the world, world health organization (WHO) has announced COVID-19 as a pandemic infection. Henceforth investigators are conducting extensive research to find possible therapeutic agents against COVID-19. Main protease (Mpro) that plays an essential role in processing the polyproteins that are translated from the COVID-19 RNA becomes and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that catalyzes the replication of RNA from RNA template as a potential targets for in silico screening of effective therapeutic compounds to COVID-19. In this study we used COVID-19 Docking Server to predict potential food bioactive compounds to inhibit Mpro and RdRp. The results showed that Phycocyanobilin, Riboflavin, Cyanidin, Daidzein, Genistein are potent inhibitor bioactive compounds to Mpro and RdRp in comparison to antiviral drugs. Though, further in vitro and/or in vivo research is required to validate the docking results.
Double Ring-Closing Approach for the Synthesis of 2,3,6,7-Substituted Anthracene Derivatives
Authors: Meindl Birgit , Pfennigbauer Katharina , Stöger Berthold , Heeney Martin , Glöcklhofer Florian
Published: April 2020

Anthracene derivatives have been used for a wide range of applications and many different synthetic methods for their preparation have been developed. However, despite continued synthetic efforts, introducing substituents in some positions has remained difficult. Here we present a method for the synthesis of 2,3,6,7-substituted anthracene derivatives, one of the most challenging anthracene substitution patterns to obtain. The method is exemplified by the preparation of 2,3,6,7-anthracenetetracarbonitrile and employs a newly developed, stable protected 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarbaldehyde as the precursor. The precursor can be obtained in two scalable synthetic steps from 2,5-dibromoterephthalaldehyde and is converted into the anthracene derivative by a double intermolecular Wittig reaction under very mild conditions followed by a deprotection and intramolecular double ring-closing condensation reaction. Further modification of the precursor is expected to enable the introduction of additional substituents in other positions and may even enable the synthesis of fully substituted anthracene derivatives by the presented approach.
Small Crown-Ether Complexes as Molecular Models for Dihydrogen Adsorption in Undercoordinated Extraframework Cations in Zeolites
Authors: Wulf Toshiki , Heine Thomas
Published: April 2020

1:1 metal complexes of small crown-ethers are structurally similar to extraframework sites in metal-exchanged zeolites. Using ab initio calculations, we show that adsorbed molecular hydrogen follows the same trends in adsorption energies and vibrational frequencies at both types of metal sites. Unlike zeolites, crown-ethers can be characterized in the gas phase, which opens new possibilities for understanding the bonding of dihydrogen at undercoordinated metal sites to help guide the rational design of porous materials for hydrogen isotope separation. Because more strongly binding adsorbates affect the geometry of the hosts, the similarity of crown-ethers and zeolites with regard to the vibrational spectra of the adsorbed molecule seems to be limited to H₂.
Biodegradable Poly(ester) Urethane Acrylate Resins for Digital Light Processing: From Polymer Synthesis to 3D Printed Tissue Engineering Constructs
Authors: Baker Matthew , Wang Rong , Damanik Febriyani , Kuhnt Tobias , Ippel Hans , Dijkstra Piet , ten Cate Tessa , Dias Aylvin , Moroni Lorenzo
Published: April 2020

Digital light processing (DLP) is one of the most accurate and fastest additive manufacturingtechnologies to produce a variety of products, from patient-customized biomedical implants toconsumer goods; however, DLP’s use in tissue engineering is limited largely due to a lack ofbiodegradable resins. Herein, a library of biodegradable urethane acrylate-capped poly(esters)(with variations in molecular weight) is investigated as the basis for a DLP printable ink fortissue engineering. The synthesized oligomers show good printability in a DLP resin, capableof creating complex structures with mechanical properties matching those of medium-softtissues (1–3 MPa). While fabricated films from different molecular weight resins showed fewdifferences in surface topology, wettability, and protein adsorption, the adhesion and metabolicactivity of L929 and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were significantly different: resins fromhigher molecular weight oligomers provided greater cell adhesion and metabolic activity. Theseprintable and biodegradable resins show the importance of oligomer molecular weight onscaffold properties, and facilitate the printing of elastomeric customizable scaffolds for a varietyof tissue engineering applications.