bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Levels of Soluble Lectinlike Oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor‐1 Are Associated With Carotid Plaque Inflammation and Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Markstad Hanna , Edsfeldt Andreas , Yao Mattison Ingrid , Bengtsson Eva , Singh Pratibha , Cavalera Michele , Asciutto Giuseppe , Björkbacka Harry , Fredrikson Gunilla Nordin , Dias Nuno , Volkov Petr , Orho‐Melander Marju , Nilsson Jan , Engström Gunnar , Gonçalves Isabel
Published: February 2019

Background

When the lectinlike oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox
LDL)
receptor‐1 (
LOX
‐1), a scavenger receptor for ox
LDL
, binds ox
LDL
, processes leading to endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are promoted. We aimed to study release mechanisms of
LOX
‐1 and how circulating levels of soluble
LOX
‐1 (
sLOX
‐1) relate to plaque inflammation and future risk for ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Endothelial cells and leukocytes were used to study release of
sLOX
‐1. Plasma levels of
sLOX
‐1 were determined in 4703 participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Incidence of ischemic stroke was monitored. For 202 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, levels of
sLOX
‐1 were analyzed in plasma and plaque homogenates and related to plaque inflammation factors. Endothelial cells released
sLOX
‐1 when exposed to ox
LDL
. A total of 257 subjects experienced stroke during a mean follow‐up of 16.5 years. Subjects in the highest tertile of
sLOX
‐1 had a stroke hazard ratio of 1.75 (95%
CI,
1.28–2.39) compared with those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for age and sex. The patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy had a significant association between plasma
sLOX
‐1 and the plaque content of
sLOX
‐1 (
r
=0.209,
P
=0.004). Plaques with high levels of
sLOX
‐1 had more ox
LDL
, proinflammatory cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that ox
LDL
induces the release of
sLOX
‐1 from endothelial cells and that circulating levels of
sLOX
‐1 correlate with carotid plaque inflammation and risk for ischemic stroke. These observations provide clinical support to experimental studies implicating
LOX
‐1 in atherosclerosis and its possible role as target for cardiovascular intervention.
Cortical Cerebral Microinfarcts on 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Takasugi Junji , Miwa Kaori , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Okazaki Shuhei , Todo Kenichi , Sasaki Tsutomu , Sakaguchi Manabu , Mochizuki Hideki
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose—

Carotid artery stenosis is common in the elderly and contributes to cognitive impairment and dementia. Cortical cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) play an important role in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. We aimed to investigate the association between CMIs on 3T magnetic resonance imaging and clinical and radiological features, including plaque morphology, and cognitive function in patients with carotid stenosis.

Methods—

Eighty-nine patients with >30% carotid stenosis on ultrasound were prospectively enrolled, and underwent brain and carotid artery magnetic resonance imaging. CMIs were rated according to predetermined criteria based on 3D-double inversion recovery and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images.

Results—

CMIs were identified in 26 patients (29%; median number 0, range 0–9). Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex revealed that CMIs were associated with intraplaque hemorrhage (rate ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.26–3.18), lacunar infarcts (rate ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.00–2.44), and cortical infarcts (rate ratio, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.20–5.00). These associations were also observed in asymptomatic patients (n=64). Of 81 patients with unilateral carotid stenosis, the prevalence and number of CMIs were significantly higher in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the carotid stenosis than in the contralateral hemisphere (
P
=0.005 and
P
<0.001, respectively). The presence of CMIs was associated with poor cognitive function.

Conclusions—

Our results indicate that vulnerable carotid plaque increases the risk of CMIs and subsequent cognitive impairment. Carotid atherosclerosis could be a potential therapeutic target for cognitive impairment.
Sleep-Disordered Breathing Is Associated With Recurrent Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Brown Devin L. , Shafie-Khorassani Fatema , Kim Sehee , Chervin Ronald D. , Case Erin , Morgenstern Lewis B. , Yadollahi Azadeh , Tower Susan , Lisabeth Lynda D.
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose—

Limited data are available about the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and recurrent stroke and mortality, especially from population-based studies, large samples, or ethnically diverse populations.

Methods—

In the BASIC project (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christ), we identified patients with ischemic stroke (2010–2015). Subjects were offered screening for SDB with the ApneaLink Plus device, from which a respiratory event index (REI) score ≥10 defined SDB. Demographics and baseline characteristics were determined from chart review and interview. Recurrent ischemic stroke was identified through active and passive surveillance. Cause-specific proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between REI (modeled linearly) and ischemic stroke recurrence (as the event of interest), and all-cause poststroke mortality, adjusted for multiple potential confounders.

Results—

Among 842 subjects, the median age was 65 (interquartile range, 57–76), 47% were female, and 58% were Mexican American. The median REI score was 14 (interquartile range, 6–26); 63% had SDB. SDB was associated with male sex, Mexican American ethnicity, being insured, nonsmoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lower educational attainment, and higher body mass index. Among Mexican American and non-Hispanic whites, 85 (11%) ischemic recurrent strokes and 104 (13%) deaths occurred, with a median follow-up time of 591 days. In fully adjusted models, REI was associated with recurrent ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 1.02 [hazard ratio for one-unit higher REI score, 95% CI, 1.01–1.03]), but not with mortality alone (hazard ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.99–1.02]).

Conclusions—

Results from this large population-based study show that SDB is associated with recurrent ischemic stroke, but not mortality. SDB may therefore represent an important modifiable risk factor for poor stroke outcomes.
STUDIES OF THE TYPES OF VARIOUS NAMES IN THE GENUS NOTHOPEGIA BLUME (ANACARDIACEAE)
Authors: DEEPU S. , GEETHAKUMARY M. P. , PANDURANGAN A. G.
Published: February 2019

The typification of six names in Nothopegia (Anacardiaceae) viz. N. aureo-fulva, N. beddomei, N. racemosa, N. racemosa var. angustifolia, N. heyneana and N. travancorica, is discussed and lectotypes designated.
New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae)
Authors: ROSA SIMONE POLICENA
Published: February 2019

Three new species of Triplonychus Candèze, T. cruspinosus sp. nov., T. crassifemoris sp. nov. and T. tibialatus sp. nov., and a new species of Globothorax Fleutiaux, G. latidens sp. nov., from Brazil are described. Illustrations, photographic and SEM images are presented. A review of the diagnostic generic characters and a key to the species of Triplonychus and Globothorax from Brazil are also given.
Description of the female of Parapsyche cardis Ross (Hydropsychidae: Arctopsychinae) and a revised key to the genera of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia) of the southeastern United States, using wing characters
Authors: STOCKS IAN C.
Published: February 2019

The female of Parapsyche cardis Ross is described and the female of Parapsyche apicalis (Banks) is redescribed and illustrated. A key is provided to the genera of Hydropsychidae of the southeastern United States, based primarily on wing characters.
Revision of the genus Stenolis Bates (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: MONNÉ MIGUEL A.
Published: February 2019

The genus Stenolis Bates, 1864 is revised. New species described and illustrated include: Stenolis gilvolineata sp. nov., S. xanthostigma sp. nov., and S. giesberti sp. nov. from Panama; S. flavoguttata sp. nov. from Mexico (Veracruz and Chiapas); S. tavakiliani sp. nov. from Trinidad & Tobago, French Guiana, and Brazil (Amazonas and Rondônia); S. multimacula sp. nov. from Costa Rica S. marcelae sp. nov. from Brazil (Rondônia), Peru, and Bolivia; and S. nearnsi sp. nov. from Brazil (Amazonas and Pará). New transfers proposed: Lepturges circumscripta (Bates, 1881) comb. nov. from Stenolis, and S. vigintiguttata (Bates, 1885) comb. nov. from Nyssodrysternum. New synonyms proposed include: Nyssodrys decemguttata Bates, 1885 and Nyssodrys calligramma var. consobrina Melzer, 1934 = Stenolis calligramma (Bates, 1872). New country records: S. angulata (Fabricius, 1801) from Ecuador and Bolivia, S. calligramma (Bates, 1872) from Venezuela and Ecuador, and S. theobromae (Lara & Shenefelt, 1964) from Panama. A key for species identification is provided.
New taxonomic status of Paralimnellus Emeljanov, 1972 and Dlabolasia Nemesio, 2007 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Paralimnini)
Authors: XING JI-CHUN , LI ZI-ZHONG
Published: February 2019

Dlabola (1961) redescribed the species Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960 and designated it as type species of a new subgenus, Bubulcus, in Paralimnus Matsumura, 1902. Later, Emeljanov (1972) established the genus Paralimnellus, designating P. cingulatus Dlabola as its type species. Hamilton (1975) and Webb & Heller (1990) treated Bubulcus as a separate genus. According to the Law of Priority of the ICZN (1999), two genus-group names, regardless of their rank within this category (genus or subgenus), cannot have the same type species. Therefore, Bubulcus and Paralimnellus are objective synonyms and the latter, younger, name is invalid. Recently, Nemesio (2007) proposed a new subgeneric name Dlabolasia to replace Bubulcus Dlabola, 1961, because the latter is a junior homonym of Bubulcus Bonaparte, 1854. However, because Paralimnellus, an objective synonym of Bubulcus Dlabola, is an older available name, Paralimnellus must be retained as the replacement name for Bubulcus Dlabola. Thus, according to ICZN Articles 23.3.5 and 60.1, Dlabolasia Nemesio should be treated as a junior objective synonym of Paralimnellus Emeljanov.
Bireta morozovi, a new species (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) from China
Authors: SALDAITIS AIDAS , IVINSKIS POVILAS , RIMSAITE JOLANTA
Published: February 2019

Over 30 species of the genus Bireta (Schintlmeister, 2008) are known from the Palearctic and neighbouring regions of Southeast Asia. Individual species of this genus are externally similar, but can be separated by characters of the male genitalia. Bireta are mostly distributed throughout Southeast Asia, especially China (Kiriakoff, 1962; Kobayashi & Kishida, 2004; Kobayashi, Kishida & Min, 2008; Schintlmeister & Fang, 2001) and Thailand (Schintlmeister, 2007). In Sichuan Province, China in the spring of 2010, the senior author collected a series of Bireta specimens which belongs to a new species, which is described below (acronyms for personal and institutional collections: AFM—Alessandro Floriani [Milan, Italy]; ASV—Aidas Saldaitis [Vilnius, Lithuania]; MWM/ZSM—Museum Thomas Witt [Munich, Germany]/Zoologische Staatssammlung, München [Germany]; NRCV—Nature Research Centre [Vilnius, Lithuania]; PMM—Pavel Morozov [Moscow, Russia]).
Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae, Tettigoniinae)
Authors: MASSA BRUNO , FONTANA PAOLO
Published: February 2019

Authors analysed 33 supraspecific taxa of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum, most of them hitherto considered genera or subgenera of Platycleis and Metrioptera. For each of them they give a short description of the characters revealing the correct classification of males and females. Then, they propose a more consistent classification, when both males and females of a supraspecific taxon are clearly distinct, they should be elevated to distinct genera. On the whole, they propose to classify Palaearctic taxa into 32 genera, for which they propose a key based on the characters used in this paper and illustrated by 140 photographs. Additionally, they describe the following new genera: Sardoplatycleis for Platycleis galvagnii from Sardinia, Amedegnatiana for Parnassiana vicheti from Mediterranean France; and the following new species: Platycleis buzzettii from Iran and Squamiana bressani from Uzbekistan. For each genus they list all the species known, pointing out also those which, for scarcity of specimens, have been tentatively classified within that genus and that probably should be better assigned to another one. Further, they synonymise Incertana with Decorana, define the actual taxonomical status of the group Roeseliana roeselii, R. fedtschenkoi, R. azami and R. brunneri, reinstate Tessellana carinata from Balkan peninsula, establish that T. nigrosignata is restricted only to S Italy, while in Balkan peninsula its related T. orina occurs.
Aethodelphax prairianus gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and seven congeneric species from North American Delphacodes
Authors: BARTLETT CHARLES R. , HAMILTON K. G. A.
Published: February 2019

The new genus Aethodelphax gen. nov. is described to include one new species, Aethodelphax prairianus sp. nov. and 7 species transferred from Delphacodes: Aethodelphax aetocephalus (Beamer, 1948), comb. nov., A. alatus (Beamer, 1948), comb. nov., A. caninus (Beamer, 1947), comb. nov., A. concavus (Beamer, 1948), comb. nov., A. megadontus (Beamer, 1951), comb. nov., A. paraparvulus (Beamer, 1948), comb. nov., and A. sagittatus (Beamer, 1947), comb. nov. A diagnosis for all species, illustrations and an identification key is provided. All species are found in the midwestern and southeastern states of the U.S., except A. caninus which is recorded from Arizona and New Mexico, and are all associated with native grasslands.
Tardigrada from Santo Antão Island (Archipelago of Cape Verde, West Africa) with the description of a new species
Authors: FONTOURA PAULO , PILATO GIOVANNI , LISI OSCAR
Published: February 2019

Three tardigrade species from Santo Antão Island, Archipelago of Cape Verde are firstly reported from Republic of Cape Verde: Echiniscus scabrospinosus Fontoura, 1982, Echiniscus clavispinosus sp. nov. and Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840. E. clavispinosus sp. nov. belongs to the ‘viridis group’ of species characterized by the green colour and plate ornamentation comprised of tubercles, fine dots and light spots, by lacking dorsal and lateral trunk appendages (cirrus A excluded) and well developed claws. E. clavispinosus sp. nov. differs from all the known species of the ‘viridis group’ in having the area between the paired plate III and the terminal plate unsculptured, in details of the cuticular ornamentation, pointed clavae instead of papillate apices, and stronger spur on internal claws. A dichotomous key to the species of the Echiniscus viridis group and a list of Macaronesian species are also given.
Comment on “Taxonomy and the DNA Barcoding Enterprise” by Ebach (2011)
Authors: STEVENS MARK I. , PORCO DAVID , D’HAESE CYRILLE A. , DEHARVENG LOUIS
Published: February 2019

Since Linnæus (1735) proposed a now globally adopted classification scheme, taxonomists have benefited greatly from the ‘Linnæan Binomial Enterprise’. Ebach’s (2011) concerns, particularly that taxonomy “is slowly dying off”, were around well before DNA barcoding began. Here we discuss the integrative potential of DNA barcoding with morphology, which contrary to Ebach’s comments, has proved a useful addition to the taxonomists tool-kit; such molecular applications to taxonomy are not new and have been widely used by taxonomists for over 30 years (e.g., Kitchener et al. 1984).
A new species of the genus Anahita Karsch, 1879 (Araneae: Ctenidae) from Hainan Island, China
Authors: ZHANG FENG , HU DONG-SHENG , HAN GUANG-XIN
Published: February 2019

The spider genus Anahita Karsch, 1879 includes 21 species (Platnick 2011). There has been no revision of the genus and a recent cladistic analysis of the family Ctenidae (Silva 2003) suggested that Anahita was not monophyletic. However, Silva (2003) transferred Anahita isaloensis Ono, 1993 to Vulsor Simon, 1888 and now all species in the genus can be recognised by the absence of the retrolateral tibial apophysis and the presence of a hyaline area in the female epigynum. Fourteen species of Anahita are distributed in Africa, two species are reported from America and five species are known from Asia; A. fauna Karsch, 1879, A. maolan Zhu, Chen & Song, 1999, A. punctata (Thorell, 1890), A. samplexa Yin, Tang & Gong, 2000 and A. syriaca (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872). Four of the five Asian species have been described or redescribed recently (Song et al. 1999; Zhu et al. 1999; Yin et al. 2000; Levy 2003) and A. punctata is known only from a juvenile specimen collected in Sumatra, Indonesia (Thorell 1890).
Revision of Digonocryptus Viereck (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae), with twenty six new taxa and cladistic interpretation of two species complexes
Authors: AGUIAR ALEXANDRE PIRES , RAMOS ADRIANA C. B.
Published: February 2019

Digonocryptus Viereck, a large genus of Neotropical Cryptini, is diagnosed, described, and fully revised. Two species complexes are proposed, and cladistically resolved. A total of 45 valid species are recognized, of which 26 are described as new, D. arcaeus, D. archisius, D. atrozyrix, D. banius, D. boraeus, D. caceres, D. campygeus, D. caraguatensis, D. cennitus, D. domius, D. elegans, D. huntus, D. iageus, D. meridensis, D. mettus, D. petrus, D. pitchus, D. rufozyrix, D. sautatus, D. silopoeus, D. sipius, D. siraeus, D. teleborus, D. variabilis, D. yacamus, and D. yunnus. Other valid species are D. annulitarsis (Cameron), D. chiriquensis (Cameron), D. coloratus (Szépligeti), D. crassipes (Brullé), D. denticulatus (Taschenberg), D. diversicolor (Viereck), D. grossipes (Brullé), D. inermis (Szépligeti), D. inflatus (Brullé), D. narratorius (Fabricius), D. niger (Szépligeti), D. propodeator Kasparyan et Ruíz, D. pulchripes (Cameron), D. rufigaster (Szépligeti), D. sutor (Fabricius), D. tarsatus (Cresson), D. thoracicus Kasparyan et Ruíz, D. variegatus (Szépligeti), and D. varipes (Brullé). Four new synonymies are proposed: D. insularis (Ashmead) and D. grenadensis (Ashmead) as junior synonyms for D. narratorius (Fabricius); D. rufithorax (Taschenberg) as junior synonym for D. inflatus (Brullé); and D. femorator Kasparyan et Ruíz as junior synonym for D. variegatus (Szépligeti). A total of 44 new distribution records are registered for all valid species except D. propodeator and D. tarsatus. A taxonomic key for species based on females, habitus and propodeum illustrations, along with photographic illustrations of diagnostic features, are provided for all valid species.
A multilingual key to the genera and subgenera of the subfamily Scarabaeinae of the New World (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: VAZ-DE-MELLO FERNANDO Z. , EDMONDS W. D. , OCAMPO FEDERICO C. , SCHOOLMEESTERS PAUL
Published: February 2019

Presented is a multilingual (English, Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and French) key to the 119 currently recognized genera and subgenera of scarabaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) occurring in the New World. Also included are illustrations of representative species of all taxa included in the key as well as supplementary references to studies at the species level.
A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae)
Authors: KITS JOEL H. , MARSHALL STEPHEN A.
Published: February 2019

The South American brachypterous genera Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae rev. stat.) are revised. Seventeen species of Frutillaria are described or redescribed, including the following nine new species from Chile: Frutillaria abdita, F. anticura, F. calida, F. chiloensis, F. contulmo, F. furcata, F. glabra, F. richardsi, and F. transversa. Two additional species currently known only from females are also diagnosed, but not named. Penola eudyptidis Richards from the Falkland Islands, the only species included in Penola, is recognized as the sister-group to Frutillaria and redescribed from both sexes. Keys are provided for all known males and females.
The family Ascidiidae Herdman (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Description of six new species
Authors: BONNET NADIA Y. K. , ROCHA ROSANA M.
Published: February 2019

We have been collecting Ascidians in the Bocas del Toro region of Panama since August 2003, mostly in the mangroves but also in shallow coral reefs. Here we will describe six new species from this region (Phallusia fragilis, Ascidia bocatorensis, A. collini, A. corallicola, A. monnioti and A. panamensis), register and complement the description of an additional seven species in the family Ascidiidae (A. archaia, A. curvata, A. interrupta, A. cf. munda, A. sydneiensis, A. tenue and Phallusia nigra). We also provide a tabular identification key that also includes P. caguayensis and A. xamaycana. Most of the species are very abundant on mangrove roots.
Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae)
Authors: LAZÁNYI ESZTER , KORSÓS ZOLTÁN
Published: February 2019

On the basis of male and female genitalia and nonsexual morphology, the revision of Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 and of its five nominal subspecies (M. p. projectum Verhoeff, 1894, M. p. alticolum Verhoeff, 1897, M. p. deubeli Verhoeff, 1899, M. p. kochi Verhoeff, 1907, M. p. dioritanum Verhoeff, 1907) has been carried out. The forms deubeli and kochi proved to be valid subspecies, while the other two forms are synonymised with the nominotypical subspecies, M. p. projectum. The differences in the male gonopod of M. p. dioritanum from the nominotypical subspecies projectum are only due to its positioning under the microscope, while M. p. alticolum showed also only minor differences from projectum, so it cannot be considered as separate subspecies. Female genitalia also seem to support the existence of the three subspecies. A short key for the subspecies is included.
The bumblebees of Gansu, Northwest China (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Authors: AN JIANDONG , WILLIAMS PAUL H. , ZHOU BINGFENG , MIAO ZHENGYING , QI WENZHONG
Published: February 2019

Bumblebees are important pollinators for agricultural and natural ecosystems. Gansu province, China, is located in part of the greatest hotspot of bumblebee diversity worldwide, a region of very varied geomorphology and vegetation. We report on a recent field survey of the bumblebees of Gansu made between 2007–2010. A sample of 5941 bumblebee specimens from Gansu are assigned to 49 species. Two older specimens held in London add two more species to this list. Together, these 51 species belong to 10 subgenera of the genus Bombus, and 10 species (nearly one fifth of the fauna) are recorded for the first time from Gansu: B. asiaticus, B. bicoloratus, B. chinensis, B. coreanus, B. deuteronymus, B. expolitus, B. festivus, B. grahami, B. hypocrita, and B. opulentus. None of the species is endemic to Gansu. We provide distribution maps and describe variation in local species richness and abundance and list the food plants used in Gansu. The highest bumblebee richness for the province is in the southeastern mountains and Qinghai-Tibetan plateau in the southwest. We describe how the fauna of Gansu is transitional between the fauna of North China and the fauna of the more southern Sichuan-Himalayan region.
The morphology of the pupae of six species of Philonthina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) with taxonomic remarks
Authors: PIETRYKOWSKA-TUDRUJ EWA , STANIEC BERNARD
Published: February 2019

The pupae of Bisnius fimetarius (Gravenhorst, 1802), Gabrius osseticus (Kolenati, 1846), Philonthus atratus (Gravenhorst, 1802), Philonthus carbonarius (Gravenhorst, 1802), and Philonthus debilis (Gravenhorst, 1802) are described and illustrated for the first time. The pupa of Philonthus decorus (Gravenhorst, 1802) is redescribed and illustrated. Some modifications of the generic diagnosis for Philonthus and Gabrius pupae are provided. The subtribal diagnostic morphological characters of the Philonthina are discussed.
Ultrastructural analysis of Coarazuphium formoso (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Zuphiini), a new Brazilian troglobitic beetle
Authors: PELLEGRINI THAÍS GIOVANNINI , FERREIRA RODRIGO LOPES
Published: February 2019

It is described Coarazuphium formoso sp. n., from male and female specimens collected in Barriguda cave and Calor de Cima cave, both in the municipality of Campo Formoso (Bahia, Brazil). The most striking difference between C. formoso and other species of the genus is the presence of three pairs of setae on the dorsal surface of the head close to the posterior margin, while the other species have only one or two pairs. Species from this genus showed advanced troglobiomorphic characters in comparison to other Brazilian cave beetles. Characters as increased extra-optic sensory structures, and the presence of particular sensilla, and sensory and gustatory receptors were not detected under routine microscopy but required ultrastructural scrutiny. Similar analyses are needed in other epigean Zuphiini species for better interpreting their functional meaning.
Morphology of larval and first juvenile stages of the kangaroo shrimp Dugastella valentina (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), a freshwater atyid with abbreviated development and parental care
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ ANTONIO , CUESTA JOSÉ A.
Published: February 2019

The larval development of Dugastella valentina consists of two zoeal stages and a decapodid. Larval stages are not free living; the complete larval development takes place in the female’s incubation chamber. The two zoeae, the decapodid and first postlarval stages still have a large amount of yolk, which ensures their nutritional independence (lecithotrophic stages) while staying within the maternal incubation chamber and the first days after release. The first juvenile is the first free living stage. In the present study the morphology of all larval stages as well as the first juvenile are described and illustrated, and comparison with known larval stages of atyids is made.
Revision of the bathyal fish genus Pseudonus (Teleostei, Bythitidae); P. squamiceps a senior synonym of P. platycephalus, new to Australian waters
Authors: NIELSEN JØRGEN G.
Published: February 2019

The viviparous, bathyal fish genus Pseudonus (Teleostei, Bythitidae, Bythitinae) is known from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Three species have been described, all based on 1–2 specimens: P. acutus Garman, 1899 from the tropical East Pacific, P. platycephalus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1913) from the Indo-Australian area and P. squamiceps (Lloyd, 1907) from the Gulf of Aden. An additional 18 specimens have become available to justify this revision. The result has established the conspecificity of P. squamiceps and P. platycephalus with P. squamiceps the senior synomym of the two. The major differences between P. acutus and P. squamiceps are that the former has more dorsal (101–119 vs 95–102) and anal (74–85 vs 64–71) fin rays, more vertebrae (61–63 vs 55–58) and lacking pelvic fin rays (vs one of 15 specimens lacks pelvic fin rays). This is the first record of P. squamiceps from Australian waters.
Notes on the taxonomic identity of Bystus hirtulus (Kirsch) and transfer from Endomychidae to Coccinellidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea), with designation of a lectotype for Alexia hirtula Kirsch
Authors: SHOCKLEY FLOYD W. , VANDENBERG NATALIA J.
Published: February 2019

During an examination of type material of the New World endomychid genus Bystus Guérin-Méneville (Anamorphinae), the type series of Alexia hirtula Kirsch from Peru was found to contain a mixture of different taxa, none of which belong to the genus Bystus, the subfamily Anamorphinae, or even the family Endomychidae. Alexia hirtula is transferred to Delphastus Casey (Coccinellidae: Microweiseinae: Serangiini), establishing the new combination, Delphastus hirtulus (Kirsch), and a lectotype is designated. Of the three paralectotypes, one appears to be conspecific with the lectotype, one is identified as an undescribed species of Microscymnus Champion (Coccinellidae: Cryptognathini), and one, a partial specimen lacking the head, pronotum, and one elytron, is identified as a species of Leiodidae in the tribe Scotocryptini, probably Aglyptinus Cockerell. A diagnosis and redescription of D. hirtulus is provided, and Gordon’s (1994) key to Delphastus is modified to accommodate the newly transferred species. The historical classification of D. hirtulus is discussed along with characters justifying its revised placement.
The larva of Amphigomphus somnuki Hämäläinen, 1996 and the first records of the genus Stylogomphus Fraser, 1922 for Thailand (Odonata: Gomphidae)
Authors: NOVELO-GUTIÉRREZ RODOLFO , SITES ROBERT W.
Published: February 2019

The larva of Amphigomphus somnuki Hämäläinen, 1996 is described for the first time based on an emerged male specimen from Chiang Mai Province, and several F-0 larvae collected in other provinces of Thailand. The larva of A. somnuki is the smallest and differs from A. nakamurai Karube, 2001 by the caudal appendages densely covered with minute spiniform setae, and from A. hansoni Chao, 1954 by the male epiproct with the dorsal tubercles at 0.65 the length of the epiproct. New province records for A. somnuki and the first records of Stylogomphus Fraser, 1922 for Thailand are provided.
A new species of Ceradocus Costa, 1853 (Senticaudata: Maeridae) from Ceará State, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: ALVES JESSIKA , JOHNSSON RODRIGO , SENNA ANDRÉ R.
Published: February 2019

A new species of the genus Ceradocus Costa, 1853 is described from Northeastern Brazil. This species is unique in having: (1) male gnathopod 2 propodus palm ornamented, palmar corner defined by a soft spine; (2) spines along the entire posterior margin of epimeral plate 3, (3) telson with very long apical setae. This new species is the second species of this genus in Brazil. An updated taxonomic key to the Ceradocus of the world is also provided.
Mylabris (Mylabris) snizeki sp. nov. from Jordan, with a key to the Jordanian species of the nominotypical subgenus (Coleoptera: Meloidae)
Authors: ČERNÝ LADISLAV , VRABEC VLADIMÍR
Published: February 2019

Mylabris (Mylabris) snizeki sp. nov. from Jordan is described and an identification key to Jordanian species of the nominotypical subgenus is provided.
Taxonomic notes on Indolestes Fraser, 1922 (Lestidae, Zygoptera). 3. Male and clarified type locality of Indolestes anomalus Fraser, 1946
Authors: KOSTERIN OLEG E. , GARRISON ROSSER , KOMPIER TOM , FARRELL DENNIS
Published: February 2019

The male of Indolestes anomalus Fraser, 1946 is described and the holotype female is depicted. Its occurrence in Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia is discussed, and the type locality is clarified (South Vietnam, Đồng Nai River basin).
New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis
Authors: SHAMSHEV IGOR V. , BARTÁK MIROSLAV
Published: February 2019

Empis (Pachymeria) vikhrevi sp. nov. is described from Bulgaria and Turkey (Bolu Province). Empis (Xanthempis) adanaensis sp. nov. is described from Turkey (Adana Province). The subgenus Xanthempis is registered for the first time from Israel, with one species E. (X.) testiculata Bezzi, 1909. Also, this species is recorded for the first time from Turkey (Muğla Province) and the female is described for the first time. A subdivision of Pachymeria into two species groups (E. femorata group and E. tumida group) is proposed. Keys to species of Pachymeria known from the Palaearctic and Xanthempis known from the Mediterranean basin are presented.
Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and Pyrano[2, 3-d]pyrimidinone Derivatives Using Fe3O4@Ph-PMO-NaHSO4 as a New Magnetically Separable Nanocatalyst
Authors: Haghighat Mahdieh , Shirini Farhad , Golshekan Mostafa
Published: February 2019

Immobilized NaHSO4 on core/shell phenylene bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Ph-PMO-NaHSO4) as a new acidic magnetically separable nanocatalyst was successfully prepared in three steps: (i) preparation
of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by a precipitation method, (ii) synthesis of an organic–inorganic periodic mesoporous organosilica structure with phenyl groups on the surface of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and (iii) finally adsorption of NaHSO4
on periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) network. The prepared organic–inorganic magnetic reagent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption–desorption and
energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. Finally, it was used as a reusable and new catalyst to promote the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone derivatives as important biologically active compounds. Eco-friendly protocol, high yields, short reaction
times and easy and quick isolation of the products are the main advantages of this procedure.
Preparation, Characterization and Structure Prediction of In2SnO3 and Spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman, NMR and UV-Visible) Study Using Computational Approach
Authors: Perumalsamy R , Kaviyarasu K , Nivetha S , Ayeshamariam A , Punithavelan N , Letsholathebe Douglas , Ramalingam G , Jayachandran M
Published: February 2019

Unadulterated and scorch stage In2SnO3 nanopowder is effectively arranged with the doping proportion of 80–20% (In2O3–Sn) by simple sol–gel combustion direction. The material is characterized by XRD measurements and their
geometrical parameters are compared with calculated values. The FT-IR and NMR spectra are recorded in both bulk and nanophase and FT-Raman spectrum is recorded in bulk phase and the fundamental frequencies are assigned. The optimized parameters and the frequencies are calculated using HF and
DFT (B3LYP, B3PW91 and MPW1PW91) theory in bulk phase of In2SnO3 and are compared with its nanophase. The vibrational frequency pattern in nanophase gets realigned and the frequencies are shifted up and down little bit to the region of spectra when compared with bulk
phase. The UV-visible spectrum is simulated and analyzed. The frontier molecular orbital analysis has been carried out and the values of the HOMO-LUMO bandgap (Kubo gap) explore the optical and electronic characteristics of the In2SnO3. Structural studies by XRD
showed the crystallite sizes of the particles. The atomic arrangement in the grain boundary seems to be somewhat different from regular periodic arrangement whereas inside the grain there is a good periodic arrangement of atoms. Above 10 mol% Sn ions, 15 mol% Sn ions, 20 mol% Sn ions to 50
mol% Sn ions form correlated clusters, 20 mol% Sn ions which lead to broadening. These EPR spectra were formed to contain two different components, one from the single isolated ions and the other from the clusters. The transition is observed for different composition increase with decreasing
grain size.
Low Surface Energy and pH Effect on SnO2 Nanoparticles Formation for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Saravanakumar B , Ravi G , Ganesh V , Ravichandran S , Sakunthala A , Yuvakkumar R
Published: February 2019

The SnO2 nanoparticles formation by hydrothermal method at different experimental conditions such as temperature, pH, reaction time, and capping agent (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), was studied. X-ray diffraction results confirmed regular rutile crystal structure of SnO2.
The characteristic Raman peak observed at 635 cm−1 corresponded to A1g modes of Sn–O vibrations. The study of optical property using photoluminescence confirmed the emissive spectra of SnO2. The infrared peak observed at 618 cm−1
corresponded to Eu modes of Sn–O vibrations of TO phonon because of E⊥ to c-axis. Scanning electron microscope images clearly revealed the formation of complete SnO2 nanoparticles. The unique SnO2 nanoparticles stacked
together to form microspheres at pH-5 showed high specific capacitance of 274.8 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. The observed results confirmed the feasibility of SnO2 nanoparticles being used as appropriate positive electrode candidate for supercapacitor applications.
Preparation of Ga2O3 Doped Sulfonated Tin Oxides as a Highly Active and Recyclable Heterogeneous Solid Acid Catalyst for Aldol Reactions
Authors: Zhai Dewei , Cao Changyan , Shao Bin , Liu Dong , Song Weiguo
Published: February 2019

Ga2O3 doped sulfonated tin oxide catalysts were prepared via co-condensation method in ethanol solvent, followed by sulfonation and calcination. The samples were characterized by isothermal nitrogen adsorption/desorption, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal
gravimetric analysis (TG), Raman spectra and DRIFT spectra. The number of acid sites on the catalysts was measured with the potentiometric titration of butyl amine. The results showed that the addition of small amounts of Ga2O3 to sulfonated tin oxide resulted in an enhanced
acid site density, which makes Ga2O3 doped sulfonated tin oxide catalysts highly active for aldol reactions. The catalyst containing 1.5% Ga2O3 exhibited much higher activity than those of SO42−/SnO2, SO42−/ZrO2
and H3PO4 in aldol condensation of prenal and prenol for citral precursor, which is a important in fragrance industry. Besides the high activity, the catalyst also exhibited good recyclability, making 1.5% GST an efficient and promising solid catalyst for aldol reactions.
Improvement of Hepatic Functions by Spheroids Coculture with Fibroblasts in 3D Silica Nonwoven Fabrics
Authors: Ishikawa Shohei , Iijima Kazutoshi , Sasaki Kohei , Kawabe Masaaki , Otsuka Hidenori
Published: February 2019

In order to realize organ-on-a-chip as an effective tool for regenerative medicine and drug development, tissue-mimic cell culture methods which promote liver-specific function for long period have been developed. We have previously demonstrated that coculture of hepatocyte spheroids
on fibroblasts using micropatterned substrate improved the hepatic functions due to the heterotypic cell–cell interactions and paracrine signaling from each other. In addition, hepatocyte function cultured as monolayer was also promoted in separately coculture with fibroblasts cultured
as monolayer, and it is more improved in separately coculture with fibroblasts in 3D silica nonwoven fabrics. In this study, separately coculture of hepatocyte spheroids with fibroblasts cultured on 3D silica nonwoven fabrics was estimated for further improvement of hepatocyte functions. The
hepatic function cocultured with fibroblast was more promoted than mono spheroids culture. The functional enhancement was significantly most improved in separately coculture with fibroblast in 3D silica nonwoven fabrics. Thus, these results were suggested that 3D culture of fibroblasts in
3D silica nonwoven fabrics increased the heterotypic secretion of paracrine factors, and it is essential for improved hepatic performance.
Nanostructured Based Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Patella Bernardo , Sunseri Carmelo , Inguanta Rosalinda
Published: February 2019

In this work, we present some results concerning the electrochemical behavior of nanostructured-based electrochemical sensors. In particular, the attention has been focused on Pd and Cu nanowires for detection of hydrogen peroxide and NiO thin film or Ni@NiO core–shell nanowires
for detection of mercury ions. Ordered array of Pd and Cu nanowires was obtained through displacement deposition reaction in a commercial polycarbonate membrane acting as a template. The method leads to stable nanostructured electrodes of Pd and Cu with high surface area. For the detection
of mercury ions, we have fabricated a Ni/NiO electrochemical sensor, obtained by mild thermal oxidation of Ni-foil. Some results on Ni@NiO core–shell nanowires were also reported. The effect of oxidation time and temperature was studied in order to compare performances of the Ni@NiO
nanowire array with those of NiO thin film. All samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS analysis. Electrochemical tests have been conducted in order to characterize specific electrode performance such as sensibility, selectivity, and accuracy. Highly satisfying results have been obtained.
Electrochemical Studies on Tamarindus indica Fruit Shell Bio-Waste Derived Nanoporous Activated Carbons for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Sivachidambaram M , Vijaya J. Judith , Niketha K , Kennedy L. John , Elanthamilan E , Merlin J. Princy
Published: February 2019

Supercapacitors are perfect energy storage devices; they can be charged almost instantly and release energy over a long period. Another advantage of using supercapacitors is their multipletimes chargeable behavior with minimum degradation in performance. Herein, we report the nanoporous
activated carbon based modified electrodes prepared by using phosphoric acid (PA) activation method at different temperatures (600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) using bio-waste precursor, Tamarindus indica (T. indica) fruit shell. Because of their excellent energy storage capacity,
in the present work, supercapacitive behavior of the nanoporous activated carbon based modified electrode has been demonstrated and hence the electrochemical properties of the developed supercapacitor electrodes are analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cycling studies using 1 M KOH as the electrolyte. The developed supercapacitor nanoporous activated carbon materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction, functional group analysis, surface area and morphological studies.
Novel Drug Delivery System Based on Ginsenoside Rb1 Loaded to Chitosan/Alginate Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Hoang Thai , Ramadass Kavitha , Loc Thach Thi , Mai Tran Thi , Giang Le Duc , Thang Vu Viet , Tuan Tran Minh , Chinh Nguyen Thuy
Published: February 2019

Recently, drug delivery using natural and biodegradable nanoparticles has attracted huge attention. This study focused to deliver an anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory drug Ginsenoside Rb1 through chitosan-Alginate nanocomposite film prepared by solution method. Ginsenoside Rb1 is a
dammaran saponin group, which is extracted from an herbaceous plant Panax notoginseng. Ginsenoside loaded alginate-chitosan nanocomposite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC) methods. The FTIR spectra of alginate/chitosan/ginsenoside Rb1 nanocomposite films show that chitosan, alginate, and ginsenoside Rb1 are linked through the hydrogen bonding and dipolar–dipolar interactions. The FESEM image indicates that the chitosan and ginsenoside Rb1 dispersed
well in the alginate matrix. The DSC diagrams display that melting temperature of alginate/chitosan/ginsenoside Rb1 nanocomposite films higher than that of chitosan and lower than that of alginate. It means that alginate and chitosan interact together. Investigation of the ginsenoside Rb1
release from alginate/chitosan/ginsenoside Rb1 nanocomposite films at different pH solutions and different ginsenoside Rb1 content has been carried out by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy method. The rate of drug release is proportional to the increase in pH solution and inversely proportional
to the content of loaded ginsenoside Rb1. The Rb1 release process includes two stages: burst release in the first 10 hours, then constant release afterwards. The suitable ratio of alginate/chitosan to prepare the alginate/chitosan/ginsenoside Rb1 nanocomposite films for further investigations
was found out to be 8:2. Ginsenoside Rb1 release process from alginate/chitosan/ginsenoside Rb1 nanocomposite films was believed to be first-order kinetics in the first stage, and then the Rb1 release complies with Higuchi kinetic model in the slow release stage. This study demonstrated the
novel synthesis methodology to design drug delivery system based on ginsenoside Rb1 loaded to chitosan/alginate nanocomposite films.
Dynamic Plasmon Resonance Tuning for Surface Enhanced Sensing
Authors: Ma Zhenhe , Li Yafei , Gu Qiongchan , Hu Sheng , Ying Yu , Li Zhigang , Jiang Xiaoxiao , Lv Jiangtao
Published: February 2019

We report on fabricating plasmonic nanorod crystals using focused ion beam lithography. We first demonstrate manipulating the profiles of nanorods perpendicularly aligned with the substrate. Then we show accurate control of nanorod outlines can be achieved. We also show that it is feasible
to manufacture nanorods obliquely aligned with the substrate. Tunable plasmon resonance can be realized with different tilting angles and geometries. Our approach may find important applications in plasmon-assisted sensing and surface enhanced spectroscopy.
Feasibility of Biological Applications for Zirconium Nitride Powders Synthesized by Gas–Solid Elemental Combination Method
Authors: Chen Ning , Guo Ming , Zhao Feng , Yin Wenyan , Wang Jigang , Wang Qiang , Wang Changzheng
Published: February 2019

ZrN powders were successfully synthesized via a facile, economical and efficient gas–solid elemental combination method. The feasibility of biological applications for the ZrN powders were further studied. Firstly, the physical properties including hardness, density and surface
roughness were characterized. These results indicated remarkable physical property of ZrN with the harness, density and surface roughness of 551.6 gf · mm−2, 6.47 g cm−3 and 0.11 μm, respectively. Then the in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated
and the hemolysis activity was also performed in red blood cells (RBCs) of mice to investigate the biocompatibility of ZrN powders. Meanwhile, the potentiodynamic polarization test was carried out in PBS to explore its corrosion resistance. The ZrN powders with remarkable physical property
and good biocompatibility were demonstrated to have potential application in the field of bone tissue engineering especially in implants protective coatings.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanocomposites: Novel Conductive Films
Authors: Ampaiwong Jutamas , Rattanawaleedirojn Pranee , Saengkiettiyut Kanokwan , Rodthongkum Nadnudda , Potiyaraj Pranut , Soatthiyanon Niphaphun
Published: February 2019

Herein, carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposite films incorporated with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide were successfully prepared by a novel approach for the first time, and their alternative properties compared with the original carboxymethyl cellulose films were disclosed.
For carboxymethyl cellulose/reduced graphene oxide film preparation, sodium borohydride was used as a chemical reducing agent. The carboxymethyl cellulose films were prepared by using a solvent casting method, followed by an acid treatment to decrease the water solubility (98%) while enhancing
the tensile strength (15%) and elastic modulus (32%) of the original carboxymethyl cellulose films. Overall, the addition of 1.0 wt% graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide to the treated films increased the water solubility, water absorption, tensile properties and electrical conductivity.
Particularly, the electrical conductivity was predominantly enhanced 1.3×105 times with graphene oxide and 2.2×105 times with reduced graphene oxide compared to the treated carboxymethyl cellulose film. The electrical conductivity of the treated carboxymethyl
cellulose film also increased with an increase in reduced graphene oxide. The effects of reduced graphene oxide on the water solubility, water absorption, tensile properties and electrical conductivity of the treated carboxymethyl cellulose film were more pronounced than those of graphene
oxide, especially for the electrical conductivity. In conclusion, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide might be alternative nanofillers for improving the carboxymethyl cellulose film properties. For the future applications, carboxymethyl cellulose/reduced graphene oxide films prepared
by using this approach might be employed as alternative materials in electronic packagings and electrochemical biosensors.