bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commercial property investment and the Pensions Act 1995
Authors: Booth Philip , Matysiak George
Published: May 2004

Looks at the role of property in pensions funds pre and post minimum funding requirement (MFR). Suggests that while property has a role as a matching asset in pension funds, this role has declined in recent years. This is partly because of poor performance but also because other asset categories can perform the role that property has played. The introduction of the MFR may make property still less attractive to pension funds because of the equity/gilt valuation benchmark. However, we expect any effect in the short term to be limited.
Linkages between direct and indirect property performance in Hong Kong
Authors: Newell Graeme , Wing Chau Kwong
Published: May 2004

Assesses the relationship between Hong Kong property company and commercial property market performance over 1984‐94. Finds that property companies provide a useful source of transaction‐based information about changing property market fundamentals. The unique property market characteristics in Hong Kong mean that information is impounded into direct property series quickly, within one quarter of being impounded into indirect property company stock prices. Finds a common “pure” property element that influences both property company and property market returns. This results in investors capturing some portion of Hong Kong property market returns by investing in property companies, as well as achieving liquidity and portfolio diversification.
Property companies’ share price discounts and property market returns The Singapore evidence
Authors: Hiang Liow Kim
Published: May 2004

Analyses the quarterly share price discount/ premium of Singapore property companies in the period 1980‐94. Further investigations suggest an inverse relationship between the size of average valuation discount of property equity and direct property return even in the presence of a “pure” property factor in both markets. Lends further research evidence to the growing belief that property stocks may be regarded as proxy for direct property investments.
Measuring the effects of borrowing on property investments
Authors: Rowland Patrick
Published: May 2004

Investors commonly use debt finance in the purchase of income‐producing properties with the aim of enhancing their return on equity. Describes how the past effects of borrowing can be assessed from property returns and loan interest rates in recent years. Methods for measuring the past consequences of financial leverage are considered and tested. Based on data from the residential property market in Perth, Western Australia between 1982 and 1994, borrowing at a variable interest rate would have shown a modest increase in return and added considerably to the volatility or risk. The impact of inflation and taxation on the benefits and risks of financial leverage is also assessed.
Trends in Electrical Retailing
Authors: Griffiths John
Published: May 2004

Retailers are concerned that consumer spending may be affected by a
forthcoming increase in taxation. Reports on the different approaches
taken towards management training and development by Scottish Power and
Martin Dawes in an effort to continue their expansion in the electrical
retail industry.
Accreditation of Prior Learning in Business Schools
Authors: Newton Robert J.
Published: May 2004

Discusses the strategic and political issues associated with Accreditation of Prior Learning (APL) in consideration of its potential contribution to the staff, curriculum and organizational development activities of business schools. In recognizing that APL is not an autonomous process but an integral part of competence‐based assessment, political pressures exist to shift vocational curricula to an outcome‐based assessment model, with these new forms of competence‐based qualifications leading, rather than following, education and training. This means that business schools will need to develop the specificity of their curricula offering to an extent previously considered unnecessary and to respond proactively to potential benefits emerging from acceptance of, and commitment to, the ongoing structural revision of the vocational, educational and training system.
Development Centres at SWEB
Authors: Busby Barbara , Hunter Richard
Published: May 2004

Reports on a development centre programme undertaken in collaboration
with Criterion Partnership. Outlines the seven objectives, specifying
the methods used, and summarizes the results together with typical
comments from the participants.
Why Use the Outdoors?
Authors: Yeadon Wendy
Published: May 2004

Suggests that outdoor activities should be part of a training programme
as, by using practical activities which emphasize process rather than
task, people consider parallel situations at work and become more
motivated to change their approach to different jobs. This flexibility
can be cost effective, producing better results in a short space of
time, and promoting more cross‐functional co‐operation.
Women Executives: Who Cares for the Carers?
Authors: King Stephen
Published: May 2004

Argues that, in spite of the good intentions of equal opportunities
policies, the needs of older career women appear to be unnoticed. These
women often find, on approaching retirement, that they are side‐lined
into “caring” roles, usually with elderly relatives. There is often no
corporate understanding of these problems and very little help is given
to enable them to cope with this dual role. Society does not appear to
care enough to help them maximize their management potential.
Total Quality in Public Service
Authors: Choppin Jon
Published: May 2004

Suggests that TQM has much to offer public services provided that the
organization is considered as a whole. Discusses five points which need
to be considered if the ideas of industry are to be adopted
successfully: customers and goals; organizational structure; culture;
resources and earnings; and definition of processes involved. Recommends
new service cultures and internal structures.
The flexible workforce: redefining the role of HR
Authors: Field Richard
Published: May 2004

States that flexible working methods are a permanent feature of the modern employment market; they offer companies cost savings and other benefits and it has been predicted that by the year 2000 one quarter of the British working population will be involved in flexible working. Many human resources departments are not prepared to meet these changes. Argues that human resources must adapt to these changes and see them as an opportunity.
Transferring learning to the workplace
Authors: Armstrong Dennis G. , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: May 2004

Examines key competences required in US places of work and describes how these can be most effectively taught in the workplace and not the classroom. It is more efficient to train staff in the workplace. Describes vocational training programmes set up at Northern Tube, Pacific First Federal and an apprenticeship programme at Siemens Stromberg‐Carlson. Concludes that if employees are given an opportunity to improve themselves, most will.
Future search for stakeholders
Authors: Bell Mike , Tunnicliff Guy
Published: May 2004

Examines the way in which companies plan for the future and argues that current strategic planning and re‐engineering approaches alone will not enable organizations to compete in the future. Advocates the idea of all stakeholders pooling knowledge and resources to build up a “rich picture” to improve the organization’s systems. Describes Future Search conferences, where a large number of stakeholders are brought together to explore the past, agree the present and draw up action steps for the future. Examines in detail the case of two equal opportunities groups needing to merge and develop a coherent strategy.
Joint architecture by HR specialists and business schools
Authors: Bolton Allan
Published: May 2004

Criticisms of business schools for their MBA and other provision have resulted in leading members of schools collaborating with human resource professionals in redefining corporate requirements for management development. They are creating a programme which is innovative, international, practical and reflective, embodying collaboration both between sponsoring companies and between five leading business schools spanning three continents.
A study of business and management games
Authors: Gilgeous Vic , D’Cruz Mirabelle
Published: May 2004

Summarizes what business and management games are, their history, the different types of games that are available and what their uses are. Through interviews and a questionnaire survey the users of games are studied to ascertain who they are, why they use or are involved with games and what they think of them.
Entrepreneurship and social inclusion
Authors: Fielden Sandra L. , Dawe Adel
Published: May 2004

Women in the UK frequently do not consider business ownership as an alternative to other forms of employment or as a means to gain economic benefits. The number of women currently entering in to businesses in the North of England is decreasing and is less than half of that in the South. This paper examines the preliminary findings from a longitudinal study exploring the socially created barriers to business start‐up that inhibit the growth of women entrepreneurs and how they may be removed. The study employed an action research approach to investigate the experiences of UK women entering into micro and small business ownership, emphasising the social construction of many of the barriers faced by women in the pursuit of business ownership. In doing so it examined personal and motivational factors surrounding the start‐up process, the economic and physical barriers encountered, as well as the perceived and actual support and advice available to women.
Entrepreneurship: not an easy path to top management for women
Authors: Winn Joan
Published: May 2004

Despite the increased gender parity in the workforce today, few women attain top management positions in America's largest corporations. Instead, an increasing number of women are achieving CEO status as entrepreneurs. In‐depth interviews with women who have lived in both worlds – that of the stable company and one launched and run on their own – give some insight as to the nature of the problems and perceptions faced by women as managers and entrepreneurs. Issues such as gender‐role bias and work/life balance are concerns for women with and without children. Gathering information from women who decided to form their own organizations after they had worked in a large organization, this paper examines some of the decision‐making factors and socio‐personal constraints that affect such entrepreneurship.
Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling
Authors: Mattis Mary C.
Published: May 2004

During the past decade, the incidence of women starting businesses dramatically accelerated in the US. A national, representative sample of women (and men) business owners was interviewed by telephone to understand better this phenomenon. This analysis focuses on women business owners who left corporate careers to start their own businesses. Respondents' experiences with corporate “glass ceilings” and “glass walls”, such as lack of flexibility and challenge, lack of role models and mentors, lack of access to line positions with concomitant intrapreneurial opportunities, and failure of organizations to credit and reward women's contributions, are examined. Differences among three age cohorts of women business owners, included in the analysis, portend increased difficulty for companies in retaining talented women professionals and managers, especially those with entrepreneurial interests. Recommendations to companies include identifying and eliminating barriers to women's advancement in the corporate culture and work environment, and development of more intrapreneurial opportunities.
Raising the National Healthy School Standard (NHSS) together
Authors: Sinkler Paige , Toft Marilyn
Published: May 2004

The school has long been recognised as an important setting for health promotion. Healthy schools work gained momentum particularly in the last third of the twentieth century, growing both in terms of activity and government commitment, but in the absence of agreed standards of quality and consistency across the country. This spurred the development of the Government’s Healthy Schools Programme, launched in 1998, to promote healthy schools work and to develop a national framework of quality standards and a programme of support. This paper describes the development of the National Healthy School Standard, launched in October 1999, focusing on the consultation which fed into its structure and content. The learning from this undertaking might be of value to similar consultations at a national or local level.
Fulfilling Roles for Lunchtime Supervisory Staff
Authors: Phillips Sheila
Published: May 2004

Describes the problems in schools faced by lunchtime supervisory staff
who have little or no training and emphasizes the importance of
including them in whole‐school behaviour policies. Suggests ways in
which schools and lunchtime staff may tackle the problems they face,
such as coping with wet playtimes, bad language in the playground and
helping children who lack basic skills, such as how to use a knife and
fork.
Adolescent smoking: the control of mood and body image concerns
Authors: Lucas Kevin , Lloyd Barbara
Published: May 2004

Adults use food, alcohol, and drugs, including cigarettes, to alter their mood states. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that adolescents follow a similar course. This paper explores adolescents’ use of cigarettes to moderate negative emotions. The authors examine questionnaire and qualitative data from a longitudinal study of over 3,500 East Sussex secondary school pupils in the context of published accounts of stress, coping and smoking. Together, these studies raise the possibility that smokers perceive more stress in their lives and use different coping strategies from non‐smokers. Results indicate that despite the popular belief that adolescent girls experience greater stress than do teenage boys, the gender differences in smoking prevalence observed in recent years cannot be attributed directly to differences either in perceived stress, or in coping strategies. Finally, beliefs about smoking and weight control are explored in the context of young adolescents’ views about their bodies. The widely held assumption that teenage girls use cigarettes to control body weight is challenged.
The Manager and the Library:
Authors: James Stuart
Published: May 2004

Briefly reviews 20 books concerned with all aspects of management
including studying for a management qualification, as in S. Cameron′s
The MBA Handbook, which offers practical advice on how to study for an
MBA. Applies the relevance of such books to the concerns of the library
manager and indicates how such publications could help the manager to
provide a better library service, improve interpersonal skills and
generally overcome most of the hurdles which managers have to surmount.
Problems in the management of university education in the field of
librarianship and information science in Romania
Authors: Stoica Ion
Published: May 2004

Describes the re‐establishment of a department of librarianship and
information science at Bucharest University, Romania. Discusses some of
the problems and dilemmas encountered and gives details of the
curriculum and courses taught. Ends by assessing what has been achieved
and outlining aims for the future.
Get that job – letter writing
Authors: Jean Hill Susan
Published: May 2004

Continues the series of articles giving advice on refining job
searching procedures and techniques. Concentrates on letter writing,
emphasizing the importance of job application letters. Shows how to
identify skills and present them to the best advantage. Deals with
presentation, content, and pitfalls to avoid.
Only connect: a professional fantasy
Authors: Cleeve Marigold
Published: May 2004

Outlines, via a series of letters, the problems and rewards of
mentorship among librarians.
Get that job – form filling and CV preparation
Authors: Jean Hill Susan
Published: May 2004

Discusses the design of job application forms, why they exist, and
what they are designed to do. Offers a number of hints on filling in
application forms, before turning to CVs and suggesting what should and
should not be included on a CV. Concludes that the “perfect”
CV does not exist, but that it should be as up to date and concise as
possible.
Selecting your team: how to find the right people
Authors: Jago Alison
Published: May 2004

Emphasizes that the success of the library/information service is largely dependent on the ability of the manager to select the right people to make up the team. Stresses that recruitment and selection of staff is a professional skill, essential to the portfolio of management skills required by the library/information specialist at senior level. Recommends practical training in interviewing and selection. Suggests that when a vacancy occurs allow time to think before taking action and consider all the options available. A job description is essential and forms the basis of the recruitment process. The person specification is based on the job description and outlines the qualifications, professional expertise, and other attributes required by the person to do the job. Concludes with a summary of key points.
A young librarian’s career development: personal notes from Hungary
Authors: Koreny Agnes
Published: May 2004

Presents a personal view of a typical librarian’s career in contemporary Hungary. For a deeper understanding of the country’s peculiar circumstances, a more detailed overview is given about the position, general state and financial conditions of Hungarian libraries, their loss as attractive places of employment and the declining social status of the librarian. The causes that lie behind this are briefly discussed as well as the librarian’s view of possible solutions. A scheme and short explanation of Hungarian librarian training is followed by the author’s personal example. Helped by favourable factors while a student and later as an employee at a prestigious library, she is now the information officer of an international organization in Budapest and is actively involved in promoting international ties for Hungarian librarians.
Part‐time Masters Level awards’ opportunities
Authors: Labbett Bev
Published: May 2004

Seeks to give librarians a picture of the continuing professional development opportunities being developed at the University of East Anglia for those interested in the lure of inquiry and the development of new skills to operate in a changing professional environment.
SCONUL and staffing in higher education libraries and information services
Authors: Coutts Margaret M.
Published: May 2004

The article summarizes the recent work of SCONUL’s Advisory Committee on Staffing. Emphasis has been on creating opportunities for active training and development of staff in Higher Education library and information services. A series of regular courses on matters of continuing concern is complemented by individual events about topical issues. Regular courses and meetings cover management skills for staff at various levels, including heads of service, deputies and staff new to management responsibilities. Annual meetings of training officers offer updates on practice and developments and serve as current awareness events. Modest financial support for staff development projects is available through the SCONUL Award, and occasional publications are produced to share best practice between institutions. The Committee monitors staffing policy and practice in the higher education sector, and liaises actively with other organizations concerned with questions of staff training and development.
Product and pricing courses are underrepresented in undergraduate marketing curricula
Authors: Kellerman Bert J. , Gordon Peter J. , Hekmat Firooz
Published: May 2004

Looks in depth at the development of the marketing mix using the 4 Ps – product, price, promotion and place, to meet target needs. Also investigates courses offered and required in marketing, and discusses the most appropriate ones for the students involved.
Test market city evaluation: a goal programming approach
Authors: Hoffman James J. , Schniederjans Marc J. , Flynn Leisa
Published: May 2004

A critical concern for corporations test marketing new products involves test market city evaluation. In order for test marketing to be successful, corporations must identify cities that offer a good fit with the firm’s overall product strategy. Unfortunately, little has been written to aid corporations in making complex test city selection decisions. Presents a model that combines the concepts of marketing, the management science technique of goal programming, and microcomputer technology to provide managers with a more effective and efficient method for evaluating test cities and making selection decisions. Extends the existing literature on test market evaluation by applying a computer optimization model to test market evaluation in a way that has not been done before.
Brand development versus new product development: toward a process model of extension decisions
Authors: Ambler Tim , Styles Chris
Published: May 2004

Considers the managerial processes that lead to the launch of successful line and brand extensions. Seeks to clarify the role, if any, that brand equity considerations have in the extension decision process. Uses a case study approach. Data relating to 11 extension launches were collected from major fast‐moving customer goods (FMCG) manufacturers in Europe, the USA, and Australia by The Boston Consulting Group (BCG). The output of the analysis is a set of propositions about the extension process, summarized in the form of a process model. Concludes overall that extension decisions are more about brand development than new product development.
The brand concept and Australian consumer behaviour texts: a review
Authors: Craig‐Lees Margaret
Published: May 2004

Review of books recently published on the topics of the brand concept and consumer behaviour. The review directly refers to the value of the books for marketing students. Highlights three US texts that have been specifically adapted to the Australian market. Asserts that the most extensively discussed brand‐related topic is brand loyalty, but the quality of the discussion varies across the texts. Criticises certain practices, such as the tendency to use terms “brand” and “product” interchangeably and the oversimplication of the brand concept.
University of Ottawa information goes online with UOINFO
Authors: Mason Bob
Published: May 2004

In keeping with the trend to make institutional information available
electronically, the University of Ottawa has inaugurated UOINFO –
a campus‐wide information system (CWIS). The system makes available to
staff, students and the general public information on the university,
its facilities and services, and gives access to the library information
system and many other documents of interest to potential users. Other
information, including course descriptions, registration procedures, and
class schedules, will be available at a later date.
The Library of Congress catalog
Authors: Henry Marcia
Published: May 2004

The Library of Congress has one of the largest library collections in the world. Describes the catalog, which is available online on the World Wide Web.
Statistical‐based or condition‐based preventive maintenance?
Authors: Mann Lawrence , Saxena Anuj , Knapp Gerald M.
Published: May 2004

The focus of preventive maintenance (PM) programmes in industry is shifting from a pure statistical basis to online condition monitoring. Examines the shortcomings of statistical‐based PM which are contributing to this shift, and the potential benefits of and current research issues within condition‐based PM. Notes that statistics and quality control techniques will continue to play a critical role in this evolution.
Probabilistic analysis of a maintainable system with human error
Authors: Dhillon B.S. , Yang Nianfu
Published: May 2004

Presents a newly developed stochastic model for performing
reliability and availability analyses of a repairable general standby
human‐machine system with increasing human error rates and arbitrary
failed system repair rates. Also, the model takes into consideration the
occurrence of common‐cause failures. The joint‐density function
approach, supplementary variable techniques, and linear ordinary
differential equation methods were used to perform analyses. Develops
the expressions for steady state availability, the system time‐dependent
availability, reliability and mean time to failure.
Maintenance control via mathematical programming
Authors: Al‐Sultan Khaled S. , Duffuaa Salih O.
Published: May 2004

Maintenance control plays a key role in achieving the stated
objective of effectiveness and efficiency of the maintenance system. In
a recent paper, Gits proposed a reference framework that guides in the
design and structuring of maintenance control. The framework is
conceptual in nature and its use in practice is limited. Poses Gits’
framework as a set of mathematical programming models. Extends some of
Gits’ procedure for maintenance control, then outlines the required
expansion in the maintenance management information system (MMIS) in
order to provide the needed data to execute the models. The models
provide operational plans and schedules ready for implementation.
Optimal, opportunistic maintenance policy using genetic algorithms,
2: analysis
Authors: Savic Dragan A. , Walters Godfrey A. , Knezevic Jezdimir
Published: May 2004

Investigates the use of a genetic‐algorithm program for analysing
the optimal opportunity‐based maintenance problem for real‐sized
systems. Analyses the performance of the genetic operators with a
generation replacement genetic algorithm, using a hypothetical system
consisting of 50 maintenance‐significant parts. Due to the size of the
problem and excessive running time, finds that the steady‐state genetic
algorithm gives the best compromise between solution quality and running
time and was subsequently implemented for this problem. Pays special
attention to the sensitivity of solutions to the maximum number of
maintenance groups considered by the genetic algorithm. Finds that
better solutions were identified for larger numbers of groups but
increasing complexity costs more in terms of the computer time required.
Also concludes that the improvement in the objective function value
decreases with the increase in the number of maintenance groups.
Achieving quality through supportability ‐ part I: concepts and principles
Authors: Smith Caroline , Knezevic Jezdimir
Published: May 2004

Attempts to improve the quality of the products or systems which customers purchase have focused traditionally on improving the availability of the product through its reliability or maintainability characteristics. However, a growing awareness of the importance of integrating reliability and maintainability considerations into the design phase of a product has led to customers being unable to affect these characteristics to any great extent. As a result, supportability has emerged as a crucial concept to be considered if customers wish to enhance the quality of the products they purchase. Reviews some of the previous work on supportability, particularly in the areas where it is generally recognized that product owners can be most influential, namely spares estimation and shared capital investment equipment provision, and reflects on the associated impact on product quality.
Achieving quality through supportability
Authors: Smith Caroline , Knezevic Jezdimir
Published: May 2004

In the current drive to improve product quality through its reliability, maintainability and supportability characteristics, supportability has emerged as the key area in which customers can have an impact, the other two aspects being increasingly integrated into the product design phase. Previous work on supportability has indicated that product or system owners can be most influential in the areas of spares estimation and shared capital investment equipment provision. The effect of spares provisioning has previously been considered at some length. Presents the development of a mathematical model for estimating the impact of the level of shared capital investment equipment provided on the supportability. Such a model would then allow engineering practitioners to assess the implications of their decisions regarding resource allocation, in terms of the overall system availability.
Case studies on disturbance registration for continuous improvement
Authors: De Smet Rudi , Gelders Ludo , Pintelon Liliane
Published: May 2004

States that companies are moving more and more towards becoming learning organizations. It is expected that in the future the ability to learn will be a core competence and an essential competitive element of successful companies. Today, more and more techniques are used to enable companies to learn, e.g. performance benchmarking, the facts and figures culture of TQM, etc. As a consequence registration tools are an essential step in the process of learning. Describes the authors’ experience with the development of models to register all kind of disturbances in production systems.
A framework for information systems evaluation: the case of an integrated community‐based health services delivery system
Authors: Leonard Kevin J. , Mercer Kevin
Published: May 2004

Information Systems (IS) theory concentrates on getting the right information at the right time in the right format to the right user. The development of information systems, then, requires focus on organizational objectives, designs and dynamics as much as it requires focus on the procurement of the most appropriate hardware and software. The essence of “systems analysis” should not focus on computer‐related concerns, but rather focus on the root of the problem which is the need for the right information. Moreover, not only should this analysis focus on the functionality of the organization but also on the improved effectiveness derived from the new or upgraded information system. In this paper, we present information ‐ in the form of outcome measures ‐ which are needed to initiate, and subsequently evaluate health delivery performance within Integrated Community‐Based Health Delivery Systems.
The politics of facilitation
Authors: Kirk Phil , Broussine Mike
Published: May 2004

Reflects on the impact of politics on facilitation. The aim of facilitation is to establish and maintain an environment in which learning is created. Central to this aim is the need to work with power relations between organisations, groups and facilitators. Facilitation may be thought of as a part of the political dynamics at play in systems. Discusses three propositions: that organisations are political, facilitation is political and facilitators are political. Proposes a framework showing four positions of awareness about the politics of facilitation. Offers the framework to those who wish to learn more about being a facilitator, and to those who wish to teach others about facilitation. Aims to add to understanding about how facilitators may act more confidently, authoritatively and ethically in the complex, dynamic and unpredictable role of facilitator.
Beyond training: reconceptualising learning at work
Authors: Bryans Patricia , Smith Richard
Published: May 2004

Radical shifts are taking place in management theory; equivalent shifts need to occur, we argue, in the theory of training and development. The move towards a knowledge economy makes such a shift particularly urgent. Notions of training tend to foreclose on outcomes; typically they are short‐term and assume transferability of skills. Notions of personal development may be insufficiently focused on the workplace. We argue for a conception of workplace learning that foregrounds the dialectical relationship between persons and their organisations. Crucial in that relationship are notions ofopenness, uncertainty, complexity, relationships, reflection, reframingandrestoration.
NPD frameworks: a holistic examination
Authors: Shepherd Charles , Ahmed Pervaiz K.
Published: May 2004

Modern organisations have approached the challenge of innovation by attempting to develop frameworks for new product development. Whilst many organisations have attempted some degree of customisation of these innovation frameworks, most of them retain features of a common skeleton. Indeed in generic terms innovation methodologies exhibit a high degree of similarity. In this paper, presented is an overview of a generic framework that serves to highlight the essential components to make such a system work. The paper goes on to indicate the types of benefits that can be derived from such a system, as well as the limitations and shortcomings of such approaches in practice.
The use of a pending mortgage reference point in valuation judgment
Authors: Hansz J. Andrew
Published: May 2004

American real estate appraisers given identical valuation problems produced statistically different value estimates. The measured variable between experimental groups was an agency‐client treatment operationalized as a pending mortgage scenario. This finding is consistent with the view of anchoring as a routinized response to agent‐client concerns. Experienced appraisers may develop heuristic behaviors which subconsciously sensitizes them to agency‐client considerations. Although further research is warranted, this study provides initial experimental evidence of a causal link between agency‐client concerns and valuation bias.
Property research priorities in the UK
Authors: Newell Graeme , McAllister Patrick , Worzala Elaine
Published: May 2004

To identify the property research priorities in the UK, a major survey of Investment Property Forum members was conducted in February 2003. Over 40 property research areas were assessed, including both general and specific property research priorities. UK property research priorities were seen to be different from an earlier USA property research priorities survey (2000) and more closely aligned to a more recent Australian property research priorities survey (2001).
BPR implementation process: an analysis of key success and failure factors
Authors: Al‐Mashari Majed , Zairi Mohamed
Published: May 2004

This paper provides a holistic view of the Business Process Re‐engineering (BPR) implementation process. It reviews the literature relating to the hard and soft factors that cause success and failure for BPR implementation, classifies these factors into subgroups, and identifies key factors of success and failure. Finally, it explains how these factors influence the process of BPR implementation.
Property and inflation
Authors: Miles David
Published: May 2004

Reviews the evidence on the inflation‐hedging characteristics of UK commercial property as an asset class. That evidence suggests that commercial property is a very imperfect hedge against unanticipated inflation. Furthermore, the returns have been substantially lower than on equities and residential property. Describes and considers new financial contracts which might allow investors to gain exposure to movements in house price without becoming landlords.
Chameleons in marketspace
Authors: Pattinson Hugh , Brown Linden
Published: May 2004

By the year 2000 over 1 billion people will be connected to the electronic network commonly known as the Internet. In 1995, the Internet can easily be accessed by anyone who has a reasonably configured PC with Netscape Mosaic software and a modem. This network constitutes a whole new marketplace in its own right. Already thousands of firms are marketing their products and services on the Internet. Asks will marketing change in this new electronic environment? Will firms and their networks change as they become involved in this new environment? Suggests there is some evidence that the traditional manipulation of the marketing mix has to be modified for the new environment, value chains may become multidimensional and significant disintermediation may occur as customers link directly electronically with their suppliers. Discusses these issues emphasizing transformation of firms and their networks as they move into the new electronic environment.
From brand values to customer value
Authors: Christopher Martin
Published: May 2004

Many commentators have recently questioned the validity of the traditional precepts on which the marketing concept is based, and have suggested that marketing has failed to deliver its long promised prize in the form of sustainable competitive advantage. Suggests that the need for marketing today is as strong as ever. However, the practice of marketing must change its focus, to go beyond a narrow concern with brand values and instead to emphasize the creation of customer value as the over‐riding objective of marketing activity.
Industrial marketing relationships and open‐to‐tender contracts
Authors: Donaldson Bill
Published: May 2004

Explores the complexity of supply‐chain management businesses, such as the motor industry and electronics, looking at new initiatives which are emerging between role partners in an effort to reconcile the needs of quality, cost reduction, innovation and customer satisfaction. Observes current trends towards achieving these difficult objectives which promote closer buyer‐seller relationships, joint ventures and strategic alliances, yet notes that the open‐to‐tender bidding process is still extensively used for a number of key components and services. Based on a study within the Scottish electronics industry, examines the effects of open‐to‐tender contracts on total quality management and on buyer‐supplier relationships. Suggests that, while both buyers and their suppliers are talking the relationship game, the reality is that the rules are seldom explicit, communication between the parties is inadequate and therefore relationships tend to be on a superficial level, and lacking real commitment on joint product development, cost reduction strategies and effective integrated systems. Found that competitive tendering came into conflict with the total quality management philosophy, and that attempts to build and sustain long‐term relationships were undermined by short‐term competitive pressures.
Reasoned action theory: an application to alcohol‐free beer
Authors: Thompson Nicholas J. , Thompson Keith E.
Published: May 2004

Observes that between 1985 and 1989 consumption of low‐alcohol and alcohol‐free beer grew by over 500 per cent, yet expectations of a large and expanding market into the 1990s were not fulfilled, partly because of economic downturn. Explains that as the economy recovers, some brewers are anticipating renewed growth. Reports an application of reasoned action theory to the roles of attitudes, norms, behavioural control and habit in predicting behavioural intention regarding consumption of alcohol‐free beer, in the very different market environment of the 1990s. Details how data were collected by means of a postal questionnaire, which revealed, unexpectedly, that not getting drunk was not found to be an important predictor of intention, and, instead, behavioural intention was chiefly determined by beliefs concerning taste and health. Also discovered that normative influences, especially friends for non‐users and family for users, were secondary predictors, and that neither habit nor perceived behavioural control added to the efficacy of the model. Concludes, however, that this does not necessarily negate the potential value of perceived behavioural control, and makes some suggestions for the practical application of the findings to marketing strategy.
A personal view of the marketing challenge
Authors: Wilkinson Paul N.
Published: May 2004

Gives a personal view of the realities of applying marketing theory in practical fast‐moving consumer goods environments. Relates the author’s experiences over many product categories and companies to draw some lessons for improving success.
Marketers′ and Consumers′ Concurring Perceptions of Market
Structure
Authors: de Chernatony Leslie
Published: May 2004

The impact of increased retailer dominance is considered in terms
of the positioning of weaker brands becoming similar to own labels. A
review of the evolution and characteristics of brands, own labels and
generics is presented. To assess consumers′ perceptions of the
competitive tiers, six product fields were investigated. Consumers′
perceptions of the structure of these markets rarely agreed with
marketers. Brands were always perceived as dissimilar to retailer
labels. Advertising charges did not influence perception since, as an
informational cue, it was secondary to brand name.
The Involvement Model in Advertising Consumer Products
Abroad
Authors: Papavassiliou Nikolaos K.
Published: May 2004

The recent upsurge of interest in marketing has resulted in a
number of articles concerned with the explanation of consumer behaviour
in the purchase decision‐making process. Whereas the main focus of these
has been the improvement of methods of assessing buying procedures, very
few have discussed the factors influencing consumer involvement in the
purchase decision‐making process such as product, country, consumer,
market, advertisement and advertising medium. These issues are
discussed, systematised and analysed, and a model for advertising
implications proposed.
A Conceptual Tourism Marketing Planning Model: Part 1
Authors: Papadopoulos Socrates I.
Published: May 2004

The development of a customer‐orientated tourism marketing planning
model is described. This model is a conceptual framework, which
highlights the main variables affecting the international marketing
operations of public and private tourist organisations. In particular,
the methods with which pertinent information is gathered, processed and
utilised by marketing executives in the multifaceted tourism environment
are examined. This is an essential prerequisite to effective strategy
development and implementation of plans in tourism marketing.
Competitiveness in FMCG Markets
Authors: Kitchen Philip J.
Published: May 2004

The links are explored between competitive rivalry and market
structure using a convenient sample of FMCG markets of known structure
(91 per cent response). Competing rivalry is analysed for each company
using an American model which is then further developed into an
“Index of Market Rivalry”. The findings indicate that
marketing managers in FMCG markets would do well to analyse their
strategies in relation to market share goals. Mix element usage should
correspond to share goals. Competitive and market rivalry measures,
given further development, will prove useful tools in market analysis.
Defining Marketing: A Market‐Oriented Approach
Authors: Grönroos Christian
Published: May 2004

Traditionally marketing as it is perceived all over the Western
world is based on definitions agreed on in the US by the American
Marketing Association and presented in American textbooks. This
definition is, however, based on American conditions and, moreover,
mainly geared to the customer relationships of manufacturers of consumer
packaged goods and durables. More recent research in Europe on service
marketing and industrial marketing suggests a somewhat different
approach to defining marketing. Long‐term customer relationships are
considered as the cornerstone of marketing, and a definition of
marketing which is geared to this notion is suggested.
Strategy Development and Implementation of Tourism
Marketing Plans: Part 2
Authors: Papadopoulos Socrates I.
Published: May 2004

In order to assure that the basic objectives of a national tourist
organisation are achieved, tourism marketing strategy at corporate level
should be intimately related to tactical marketing planning. This
article, the second of a two‐part series, examines a number of
conceptual frameworks and processes that can be applied by various
national tourist organisations and private enterprises when planning,
executing and controlling tourism marketing strategies and tactics for
both short and long‐term dimensions.
Marketing: Concept and Function
Authors: Bernard Trustrum Leslie
Published: May 2004

The alternatives to marketing orientation are identified, the
requirements for marketing orientation examined and the differences
between the marketing concept and the functional implementation
distinguished. The required tasks and operations of a marketing‐oriented
organisation and the present limited adoption of the concept as compared
with the functions of marketing are explained.
The Buying of Own Labels
Authors: Uncles Mark D. , Ellis Katrina
Published: May 2004

Do consumers buy own labels differently from the branded goods of
manufacturers? Contrary to some of the beliefs currently held in the
trade, own labels are found to be bought much like brands, and loyalty
is only slightly above average. Usually, own labels are just one item in
a repertoire: consumers will buy other brands, they will buy at other
stores, and they will buy the own labels of other stores.
Factors Influencing Tuna Prices in Japan and Implications
for the Development of the Coral Sea Tuna Fishery
Authors: Williams Stephen C. , Longworth John W.
Published: May 2004

Since 1981 the Queensland and Commonwealth Governments have spent
A$1 million trying to develop the Australian tuna fishery
industry. Little progress has been made, however, because local
fishermen have not been able to obtain consistently high prices for
chilled tuna air‐freighted to Japan. It is argued that a lack of market
knowledge is the key reason for the industry′s failure. A review of the
marketing literature on fishing and auction sales in Japan is presented
and the results of the authors′ research are described.
Consumer Sentiment towards Marketing in Hong Kong
Authors: Wee Chow‐Hou , Chan Mable
Published: May 2004

An attempt is made to assess consumer sentiment in Hong Kong
towards marketing by measuring consumer attitudes towards the four
components of the marketing mix – product, price, advertising and
retailing. The finding, showed that Hong Kong consumers had a slightly
favourable attitude towards marketing. Among the four marketing areas,
product was most favourably perceived, while price and advertising were
negatively rated. Differences were found among demographic variables.
Advertising Executives′ Perceptions of Satellite TV′s
Potential Impact on the European Market
Authors: Howard Donald G. , Ryans John K.
Published: May 2004

Both British and European advertising executives foresee satellite
television (STV) having an increasingly dramatic impact on the European
marketing scene during the 1990s (and beyond). While disagreeing
somewhat as to the magnitude and direction of the impact, each group
finds STV altering consumer viewing habits, increasing the importance of
global brands and accelerating the use of “single”
European‐wide themes/campaigns. European STV′s importance in terms of
changing organisational strategy, as well as its effect on the growth of
headquarters promotion control, is explored. Certainly, British and
European marketers need to be increasingly conscious of STV′s potential
for producing change and include this knowledge in their future
marketing plans.
Purchasing Behaviour in Local Government in the United
Kingdom
Authors: Knox Simon , Denison Tim
Published: May 2004

An empirical study based on the buying behaviour of local
authorities in the UK. A taxonomy of local authority is outlined and
buying centres identified. The stages in the buying process are
discussed and differentiated from the stages associated with the private
sector. In particular, the communication flow between local authorities
at the product selection stage are a distinguishing characteristic.
Voluntary consortium purchase does not occur to any great extent so that
purchasing decisions are unco‐ordinated and fragmented when viewed on a
national basis.