bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectivas latinoamericanas sobre el rol de los profesionales de la comunicación organizacional y las relaciones públicas
Authors: Arzuaga Williams Mónica
Published: August 2019

El artículo presenta las evidencias de la consolidación de la profesión en América Latina y propone una revisión de las investigaciones empíricas publicadas en bases científicas sobre el rol del profesional de la comunicación organizacional y las relaciones públicas en la región. Se señalan diferentes tradiciones presentes en la región y el debate sobre el nombre del campo profesional, en el que prevalecen las denominaciones de comunicación organizacional y relaciones públicas. Luego, se analiza el destacado proceso de consolidación de la profesión en Brasil, logrado por el impulso del mercado y la academia, así como por la institucionalización temprana de la profesión. Como resultado de la revisión se propone una clasificación de las líneas de pensamiento sobre la profesión que más se han difundido en publicaciones científicas y, para cada una, se registran los principales investigadores y las investigaciones empíricas más destacadas. Se observa que, a diferencia de la publicación científica de Norte América y Europa, donde predomina el estudio del desempeño del rol profesional, en América Latina se destaca la preocupación sobre la situación del rol del profesional. En particular tres corrientes de pensamiento sobresalen en los estudios empíricos: las investigaciones sobre la función política y social de la profesión con los estudios sobre el aporte de la profesión al desarrollo y el cambio social, las investigaciones enmarcadas en una perspectiva estratégica de la profesión, y una serie de estudios empíricos que concluyen sobre la influencia del entorno social en el ejercicio de la profesión en América Latina.
Deporte y entrenamiento deportivo como alternativas frente a la “degeneración de la raza” durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Torres Jair Hernando , Cortés Díaz José Tomás
Published: August 2019

El deporte y el entrenamiento deportivo han sido prácticas pensadas en diferentes coordenadas del planeta, sin embargo, sus modelos permanecieron anclados al contexto cultural europeo hasta tiempos recientes. Este artículo se concentra en la descripción analítica de algunos condicionantes de la época que promovieron la propagación del juego, el deporte y el entrenamiento deportivo como alternativas frente a la pregunta sobre la decadencia de la cultura colombiana y la degeneración de la raza, en particular a principios del siglo XX en Colombia, la cual postularon los intelectuales de la Generación del centenario, quienes procuraban un proyecto modernizador del país. El análisis documental realizado sugiere que este grupo de intelectuales elitistas tenía los pies en Colombia, pero su pensamiento estaba en Europa y Estados Unidos, y querían ver o convertir cultural y socialmente a Colombia en un país del viejo continente.
¿Incide la inimputabilidad en la atribución del dolo? Eventuales repercusiones en las medidas de seguridad
Authors: Artaza V. Osvaldo , Carnevali R. Raúl
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar si frente a los supuestos en que el acusado presenta un trastorno psíquico que le impida conocer la naturaleza de su comportamiento, tal condición debiera ser considerada exclusivamente en sede de culpabilidad o si, previamente, la misma debiera ser tenida en cuenta a la hora de definir si al sujeto se le puede o no atribuir un comportamiento doloso, por ende, en sede de imputación subjetiva de la conducta. Para tales efectos, se aborda principalmente el problema de las condiciones que deben ser consideradas relevantes a la hora de atribuir el dolo y el papel que debieran jugar las condiciones propias de la individualidad de un sujeto. Por último, se analiza si la consideración de tales condiciones en sede de imputación subjetiva debiera o no traer alguna consecuencia a la hora de determinar si al inimputable se le puede imponer una medida de seguridad.
Envejecimiento y finanzas: un modelo de comportamiento a largo plazo en España
Authors: Díaz-Fernández Montserrat , Llorente-Marrón María del Mar , Méndez-Rodríguez María Paz
Published: August 2019

El envejecimiento demográfico determina las características del ámbito económico. La hipótesis de estabilidad en el consumo del ciclo de vida del individuo hace del envejecimiento demográfico un factor que podría afectar al nivel de ahorro agregado. Normalmente, en la modelización del comportamiento de los activos financieros, son los factores de coyuntura económica los tenidos en cuenta quedando el foco demográfico relegado a un segundo plano. Diversos estudios empíricos han encontrado una elevada correlación entre la distribución por edades y las cotizaciones bursátiles. Con base en lo anterior, este trabajo realiza un ejercicio empírico con objeto de captar la conexión entre el papel que las finanzas personales ocupan en el ciclo de vida del individuo y el contexto demográfico. Mediante la especificación de un Modelo de Corrección del Error (MCE) se realiza un análisis de cointegración, que visualiza la vinculación estable a largo plazo entre el consumo de productos financieros y los cambios en la estructura por edades de la población.
O cotidiano do homem do século XX e a transformação do diálogo dramático em reflexões monológicas
Authors: Tscherne Milca
Published: August 2019

Este artigo apresenta a mudança formal do diálogo dramático a partir das mudanças das relações intersubjetivas operadas no cotidiano, sobretudo, do século XX. Para exemplificá-la, a peça Alguém terá de morrer, do dramaturgo português Luiz Francisco Rebello, que ilustra nos diálogos a falência das relações familiares e na ação o isolamento do eu na solução do suicídio.
O jovem Machado de Assis e seus Comentários [afiados] da Semana
Authors: Alves Cristiane Da Silva
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo analisa as crônicas Comentários da Semana, de Machado de Assis. Examina-se, inicialmente, algumas características da crônica como gênero literário, especialmente a brevidade e a ligação com o cotidiano. O foco do trabalho consiste em observar as dificuldades do jovem Machado em suas crônicas iniciais e sua relação com a escrita e com os leitores.
Caio Fernando Abreu e a ditadura militar no Brasil
Authors: Bizello Aline Azeredo
Published: August 2019

O escritor gaúcho Caio Fernando Abreu é contemporâneo de uma geração que viveu os efeitos do golpe militar de 1964. Embora seus textos estejam voltados à perspectiva interior, possuem relações profundas com a realidade e o momento histórico de sua produção. Seus contos apresentam o interior dos indivíduos e as relações problemáticas que os envolvem, reproduzindo as desilusões dos jovens que sofreram as conseqüências da repressão. Assim, este trabalho pretende analisar os contos “London, London ou ajax, brush and rubbish” e “Garopaba mon amour” para observar a contribuição dos textos de Caio para a tarefa de interpretação das condições dos indivíduos numa atmosfera ditatorial.

Palavras-chave: Caio Fernando Abreu; Ditadura militar no Brasil; “London, London ou ajax, brush and rubbish”; “Garopaba mon amour”.
Augusto Frederico Schmidt e sua poética da morte
Authors: Santos Juliana
Published: August 2019

Nesse ano de 2006, em que se comemora o centenário do nascimento de Augusto Frederico Schmidt, poeta que inaugura a segunda geração da poesia moderna, torna-se fundamental o resgate de sua produção lírica, bastante esquecida pela crítica brasileira nos últimos anos. Este trabalho é fruto de pesquisa realizada em 2004 junto ao projeto “A poesia metafísica no Brasil: percursos e modulações”, coordenado pela Profa. Dra. Ana Maria Lisboa de Mello e com o apoio do CNPq. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir do levantamento e da leitura da obra e da fortuna crítica do poeta e tendo como base os fundamentos teóricos sobre a lírica, a metafísica e o imaginário. O ensaio apresenta as principais características da produção poética de Schmidt, como o teor metafísico e a influência dos poetas católicos franceses, focalizando sobretudo o tema da morte, fundamental em sua composição poética.

Palavras-chave: Augusto Frederico Schmidt; lírica moderna; metafísica.
O lugar de Augusto dos Anjos na poesia brasileira
Authors: Rubert Nara Marley Aléssio
Published: August 2019

Trata-se de uma análise sobre a controversa classificação do poeta Augusto dos Anjos, que oscila entre o Simbolismo, Parnasianismo, Romantismo, Cientificismo, Modernismo e até mesmo Surrealismo, a partir de aspectos de sua poesia que apontam para as diversas tentativas de enquadramento de sua obra. Acrescenta-se ainda que sua carreira como professor e escritor, bem como a publicação de sua única obra, “Eu”, se deu no período chamado Pré-Modernismo, no início do século passado. A partir disso, avaliam-se alguns traços da sua época, da estética literária de seu tempo e da maneira como isso se mostra ou não em seus poemas. Há aspectos insistentes na obra de Augusto dos Anjos que indicam uma direção para sua leitura: a obsessão pela decomposição, o “irrealizado”, a combinação de expressões eruditas com expressões ditas de mau-gosto e, muito especialmente, a morte.

Palavras chave: Poesia; Pré-Modernismo; morte.
Martim Cererê: um modelo de epopéia moderna
Authors: Sousa Moizeis Sobreira
Published: August 2019

Martim Cererê (1928), de Cassiano Ricardo, toma como eixo a releitura mítica da memória nacional. Com efeito, alcança a representação da totalidade do povo brasileiro num instante supremo da sua vida na história, a saber: a sua gênese enquanto nação. Essa representação se dá, em grande parte, a partir da inserção do Brasil numa atmosfera cosmogônica, possibilitando a invenção de um passado mítico para o país. Contribuiu para tal invenção a recuperação da estrutura de modelos cosmogônicos cristalizados na tradição literária ocidental, tais como o Gênesis e a lenda indígena Como a noite apareceu. Esses modelos, cumpre assinalar, destacam-se como narrativas de cunho acentuadamente oral.

Palavras-chave: epopéia; cosmogonia; memória nacional; modernismo; oralidade.
El Túnel, Orientación de los gatos: Duas janelas para...
Authors: Retamar Hugo Jesus Corrêa
Published: August 2019

Ernesto Sábato é o escritor argentino de maior representatividade da atualidade. Ex-físico, ex-militante do partido comunista, participante do movimento surrealista e crítico do mesmo, escritor que problematiza a questão do homem moderno, da condição humana. Julio Cortázar, por sua vez, também argentino e contemporâneo de Sábato, é o contista que revolucionou o conto latino-americano e flertou assim como Ernesto, com o surrealismo, ainda que nunca tenha feito parte do movimento. Ambos os escritores vêem na arte a possibilidade de ultrapassar as fronteiras do real, libertando-se das amarras da sociedade materialista. Assim, através de duas obras em comparação –El Túnel e Orientación de los gatos – de dois escritores fascinantes analisamos o papel da arte como libertação e transformação do homem moderno.

Palavras chave: surrealismo; arte; realidade; liberdade; modernidade.
Tecendo por trás do real: a loucura assistida em “A imitação da rosa” de Clarice Lispector e “O aquário” de Maria Judite de Carvalho
Authors: De Freitas Jane Pinheiro
Published: August 2019

O presente texto compreende um estudo comparativo entre os contos “A imitação da rosa” e “O aquário”, de Clarice Lispector e Maria Judite de Carvalho, respectivamente. Através da aproximação dos enredos, observaremos os vestígios de loucura como transgressão, rompimento com uma realidade que se quer outra, e as conseqüências desses aspectos no cotidiano das duas protagonistas.

Palavras-chave: feminino; loucura; transgressão; realidade
O PAQUISTÃO E O TERRORISMO TRANSNACIONAL NA CAXEMIRA: ENTRE O PATROCÍNIO REAL E A PUNIÇÃO VIRTUAL (1989-2009)
Authors: Neves Júnior Edson José
Published: August 2019

O artigo analisa as organizações terroristas islamistas transnacionais que atuam na Caxemira desde 1989, formadas e patrocinadas por setores do Estado paquistanês, como a principal Agência de Inteligência do país, a Diretoria de Serviços de Inteligência Interligados, mais conhecida pela sigla e nome ISID – Inter-Services Intelligence Directorade, e o Exército nacional. A utilização de forças religiosas particulares na disputa com a Índia, que já dura mais de sessenta anos (desde 1947), atende a uma estratégia de Política Externa do Paquistão calcada no recurso à “Guerra por Procuração” como ferramenta essencial para a continuidade de sua ação bélica na região. Como forma de legitimar sua atuação na Caxemira, as organizações terroristas desenvolveram uma subversão da idéia da Jihad, na qual a guerra santa se transforma, por um lado, no único dever de qualquer fiel do Islã, e por outro, uma forma de promover uma limpeza religiosa contra todos aqueles que são considerados inimigos, com o objetivo de desestabilizar a administração indiana no Estado.
A magia do silêncio nas Artes Visuais
Authors: Haertel Nilza Grau
Published: August 2019

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A assimilação e a estruturação da linguagem musical na infância
Authors: Cauduro Vera Regina Pilla
Published: August 2019

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Estetização e estetização profunda ou a respeito da atualidade da estética nos dias de hoje
Authors: Welsch Wolfgang
Published: August 2019

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Da estética à poiética
Authors: Passeron René
Published: August 2019

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As reconfigurações do estatuto de artista na época moderna e contemporânea
Authors: Heinich Nathalie
Published: August 2019

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Anghiari: as batalhas do desenho
Authors: Morignat Valérie
Published: August 2019

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Da importância de alguns desenhos preparatórios de Anico Herskovits
Authors: Gomes Paulo
Published: August 2019

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A atitude dos coletivos
Authors: Albuquerque Fernanda
Published: August 2019

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Entrevistarte: experiência, arte e contemporaneidade
Authors: Hack Lilian , Raniere Édio , Maraschin Cleci
Published: August 2019

O artigo explora ressonâncias entre arte e psicologia. Em métodos tradicionais de pesquisa a entrevista com artistas aparece, quase sempre, como fonte primária de informação. Nesses a explicação da obra torna-se o grande objetivo do pesquisador. Ao artista restaria um saber implícito, desgovernado, e por vezes incoerente sobre aquilo que ele mesmo criou. Saber que seria desvelado, explicitado, revelado pelo crítico/pesquisador. A aposta deste trabalho é de que a Entrevista de Explicitação, técnica desenvolvida pelo psicólogo francês Pierre Vermesch, seja uma importante contribuição, nesse sentido, às pesquisas em arte. Afinal, o que aconteceria se à entrevista coubesse cartografar o processo de criação, ou se, em meio às investigações, o crítico mantivesse sua escuta atenta ao Know How – saber como – enunciado pelo artista? Numa tentativa de aprofundar a problematização recorre-se a conceitos de Thierry De Duve, Varela, Thompson e Rosch, bem como dos artistas Allan Kaprow e Robert Smithson.
Pathway to an Integrated Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
Authors: Botosan Christine. A.
Published: August 2019

Data Availability: Appendix A contains a list of source materials that aided the development of the ideas expressed in this paper.
Fabrication of Pd/WO3 colloidal nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid of tungsten for optical hydrogen detection
Authors: Kalhori H. , Ranjbar M. , Farrokhpour H. , Salamati H.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, tetragonal WO3 colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid of tungsten target in de-ionized water, followed by adding a PdCl2 solution immediately after the ablation process or hours after aging. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the surface chemical composition is a mixture of W5+, W6+, and O–H groups for which a defective WO2.8 surface composition was calculated. Transmission electron microscope images showed that only when PdCl2 is added immediately, Pd/WO3 core-shell NPs are formed spontaneously. UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed an increase in the optical bandgap due to NPs oxidation throughout the aging period. Thus, the spontaneous formation of the Pd/WO3 core-shell NPs was attributed to the presence of surface oxygen defects in newly formed NPs. With hydrogen exposure (<10%), Pd/WO3 solutions turned blue, indicating a gasochromic coloration ability which was used to detect different hydrogen concentrations below 10%. The dynamic response to different hydrogen concentrations was also studied at 630 nm constant wavelength. The results revealed that Pd/WO3 NPs obtained by the pristine WO3 colloidal solution show a better gasochromic performance, in both the coloration and response time.
Incidence of posterior capsular opacification after uneventful cataract surgery in patients on hemodialysis
Authors: Yildiz Aydin , Comez Taskiran
Published: August 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of posterior capsular opacification after cataract surgery in patients on hemodialysis. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients on hemodialysis undergoing cataract surgery and 50 patients undergoing cataract surgery in a similar age group without any systemic disease were compared retrospectively. All patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. Hydrophilic monoblock, sharp-edged acrylic intraocular lens (Spectrafold™, Gujarat, India) was used. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed on the patients who were evaluated at the postoperative 12th month follow-up examination. Posterior capsular opacification was evaluated by the retroillumination method. According to the reflection from retroillumination, cases with posterior capsular opacification were divided into three groups as mild, moderate and severe. Results: Age groups and male to female ratios were similar. Mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.23 in the hemodialysis group and 0.22 in the control group, preoperatively. At the end of the first year, the mean BCVAwas 0.88 in the hemodialysis group and 0.94 in the control group. In the hemodialysis group, the percentage of posterior capsular opacification was 60% and was 14% in the control group; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). While the capsular opacity was mild in all 7 patients in the control group, itwas mild in 19 patients, moderate in 8 and severe in 3 patients in the hemodialysis group. Conclusion: The incidence of posterior capsular opacification after uneventful cataract surgery is found to be higher in patients on hemodialysis than in the normal population.
Infection of urinary tract in menopausal women
Authors: Smieško Gordana
Published: August 2019

Urinary infections are, by frequency, in the second place, immediately behind respiratory infections. The prevalence of urinary tract infections is generally increasing. UTI (urinary tract infections) is more common in women and very young people. The rates of occurrence generally reflect predisposing factors such as congenital anomalies in childhood, the onset of sexual activity, especially in women, and, of course, postmenopausal changes in older women. It is assumed that 50-60% of women can expect an episode of urinary infection during their lifetime. In postmenopausal women, there is a deficit in estrogen. It is one of the important factors that indirectly protects the vaginal mucous membranes as well as the uroepitel from infection. Bacteria from the digestive tract colonize the skin of the perineum, then the vulva, the vagina and the outer opening of the urethra. Normal vaginal flora (lactobacilli) protects the vagina from colonization by fecal bacteria because it lowers pH and creates unfavorable conditions for survival of bacteria.
Tuberculous pleural effusion in the previously healthy man-case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lazović Biljana , Blažić Ivana , Detanac Džemail , Milić Rade , Šarac Sanja , Detanac Dženana , Žugić Vladimir
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Although pleural effusion is a common clinical manifestation, the differential diagnosis of the cause of the pleural effusion is often challenging, especially in the early differentiation of tuberculous pleurisy (TP) from other pleural effusion. Case report: We present a previously healthy man who had no contagious or TB contact but developed massive tuberculous pleural effusion which eventually was unexpected tuberculous. He started with therapy per protocol and feeling well. The purpose of this case and review of literature was to remind the physicians that tuberculosis is not a sickening illness, but on the contrary, it is in the expansion. Discussion: When a patient presents with new pleural effusion, the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis should be considered. The patient is at great risk for developing pulmonary or extra pulmonary TB if the diagnosis is not made properly. Between 3% and 25% of patients with TB will have TB pleuritic or more in immunocompromised patients. The treatment for TB pleuritis is the same as that for pulmonary TB. Conclusion: The gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion remains the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pleural fluid, or pleural biopsy specimens, either by microscopy and/or culture, or the histological demonstration of caseating granulomas in the pleura along with acid fast bacilli.
Conceptual Framework for Measuring the Overall Economic Performance of Farms: A Case Study from Burkina Faso
Authors: YILMAZ İbrahim , SOGUÉ Babou
Published: August 2019

The objective of this study is to define a
conceptual framework for measuring the Global Economic Performance (GEP) of
farms. After a literature review of GEP measurement methods and indicators, we
have specified a composite indicator for this purpose. It is called Global
Economic Performance Indicator (GEPI). It consists of one group of positive
indicators and another of negative indicators. Each group is the reduced
centered average of the indicators that make it up. GEPI was applied to 262
randomly selected maize growers of Burkina Faso grouped into 'production
systems', 'farm sizes' and 'provinces'. The results show that the large farms,
the motorized producers and those of Tuy are generally the most powerful of
their respective group. In addition, large farms are overall the best
performers of all categories of producers with a score of 0.59.
Trakya Bölgesı̇ Üretı̇cı̇lerı̇nı̇n Süt Sığırcılığı Faalı̇yetı̇nden Vazgeçme Olasılığını Etkı̇leyen Faktörler
Authors: KOÇ Gökçe , UZMAY Ayşe
Published: August 2019

Trakya
Bölgesi, süt sığırcılığına uygun iklim ve coğrafi koşulları, yüksek süt ve yem
bitkisi verimleri, hastalıktan ari bölge olması, İstanbul ve Avrupa gibi önemli
pazarlara olan yakınlığı, gelişmiş süt ve süt ürünleri sanayii gibi özellikleri
ile Türkiye’de süt sığırcılığı açısından ön plana çıkan bölgelerin başında
gelmektedir. Ancak, son yıllarda bölgede süt üretiminin azalış eğilimi
gösterdiği dikkati çekmektedir. Bu nedenle, sektörün geleceğinin planlaması
amacıyla gerçekleştirilecek çok yönlü araştırmalara ve politikalara ihtiyaç
bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, Trakya Bölgesi’nin üç ilinde (Kırklareli, Edirne ve
Tekirdağ) süt sığırcılığı faaliyetiyle ilgilenen 140 üretici ile yüz yüze anket
çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın önemli amacı bölge üreticilerinin
süt sığırcılığından vazgeçme olasılığına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve
sektörde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması için gerekli politika önerileri sunulmasıdır.
Üreticilerin büyük çoğunluğu köylerinde veya yakın çevrelerinde hayvan
sayısının, hayvancılıkla uğraşan üretici sayısının ve süt üretiminin azaldığını
gözlemlediklerini ifade etmişlerdir ve bu gözlemler istatistiksel verilerle de
uyumludur. Görüşülen üreticilerin %52.1’i gelecekte süt sığırcılığına devam
etmeyi düşünürken, %47.9’u vazgeçme eğilimindedir. Üreticilerin süt
sığırcılığından vazgeçip/vazgeçmeme olasılığını etkileyen faktörlerin
belirlenmesinde lojistik regresyon modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Model
sonuçlarına göre, üreticilerin süt sığırcılığından vazgeçme olasılığını işletme
ölçek büyüklüğü, arazi varlığı, tarımsal üretim tecrübesi, bitkisel üretimin
toplam gelir içindeki payı ve son yıllarda süt verimini arttırma durumları
etkilemektedir. Araştırma sonucunda, bölgede özellikle gençlerin üretime devam
etmesini sağlayacak önlemler alınması ve ölçeğe göre farklı yapısal politika
araçlarının uygulanması önerilmektedir.
Effect of Risk Attitudes on the Success of the Enterprise in the Agricultural Enterprises and Analysis of Effecting Factors
Authors: BAYRAMOĞLU Zeki , GÜNDÜZ Orhan , KARAKAYACI Zuhal , ÇELİK Yusuf
Published: August 2019

Agricultural production has been occurred under
natural, economic, technical and social numerous risks and uncertainties. In
addition, saving rate is low because the turnover rate of the capital is low in
agricultural enterprises. These reasons affect to the production decisions of
the agricultural entrepreneurs. Hence, the wrong decisions can lead to a low
income, and the effect of the low income can reveal in the following years.
This situation can also cause to close an enterprise. Attitudes of the
agricultural entrepreneurs against risk can also cause that the resources have
been an inactive. Since, the production factors not used effectively because of
risk perception is another reason of low income. Therefore, the risk attitudes
of the entrepreneurs in the agricultural enterprises operating in Konya
province and affecting factors were analyzed in this study. For this purpose,
396 sample enterprises were selected from the agricultural enterprises
operating in Konya by stratified random sampling method. The risk attitudes of
the agricultural entrepreneurs were determined by asking the questions about
preference scale known as the reference game. The economic performance of the
agricultural enterprises according to risk attitude was analyzed as regards
Laur Accounting Systems. In addition, the factors affecting risk attitudes of
the agricultural entrepreneurs were determined by using Logistic Regression
Analysis. As a result, it was determined that 70,45% of the agricultural
enterprises did not like risk and 29,55% of them liked risk. The most important
factor affecting the risk attitudes of the agricultural entrepreneurs is the
size of the enterprise land. It was also found that the economic performance of
the risk lover enterprises better than ones risk non-lover.
Türkiye'de Gelirin Gıda Tüketimi Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: DEMİRDÖĞEN Alper , OLHAN Emine , AYKAÇ Gökhan
Published: August 2019

Tüketici
davranışlarını anlamaya yönelik çalışmalar özellikle ülkelerin refah
politikalarını değerlendirme açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda
gelirin insanların gıda tüketimlerini etkilemeye yönelik önemli düzeyde çalışma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gıda harcamalarında gelirin etkisinin incelenmesi, gıda
güvenliği kapsamında yoksul hanelerin davranışlarının incelemesi açısından
önemlidir. Her ne kadar zaman içerisinde önemli düzeyde çalışma yapılsa da, bu
çalışmaların birçoğu ülke toplamında zaman serisi verilerini kullanmışlardır.
Günümüzde gelişen hanehalkları veri setlerine bağlı olarak gözlem sayısı artmış
ve daha tutarlı sonuçlar elde edilmeye başlanmıştır. Gelirin gıda tüketimleri
üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesinde Türkiye önemli bir ülkedir. 2002-2017
yılları arasında reel anlamda gelir yaklaşık olarak %85 artmıştır. Bu gelir
değişiminin hanelerin gıda tüketimlerini nasıl etkilediğine dair çalışmaların
yapılmasına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de
gelirin gıda tüketimi üzerine etkisini ölçmektir. Çalışma kapsamında TÜİK
tarafından toplanan Hanehalkı Bütçe Anketi verileri kullanılmıştır. Odaklanılan
zaman dönemi 2002-2017 yılları arasıdır. Veri gözlemi yaklaşık 175 bin hanedir.
Yöntem olarak en küçük kareler, iki aşamalı en küçük kareler, dilim regresyon
ve içsel dilim regresyon yaklaşımları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın başlıca
bulgularına göre gelir artıkça hanelerin bütçe içerisindeki gıda harcamaları
payı azalmaktadır. Bu durum kullanılan yöntemden bağımsızdır. Ayrıca dilim
regresyon sonuçlarına göre haneler yoksullaştıkça gelirin gıda harcama payı
üzerindeki negatif yönlü etkisi artmaktadır. Bu durum özellikle gelir
değişkeninin harcama değişkeni için araç değişken olarak kullanıldığı içsel
dilim regresyon yaklaşımında net bir şekilde görülmektedir. Marjinal etkinin
gösterilmesi için hesaplanan esneklik değerlerinde ise içselliğin dikkate
alınması yoksullar için gelirin gıda tüketimi üzerindeki etkisini içselliğin
ihmal edildiği hesaplamalara göre azaltmaktadır.
تقليل تاثير البيئة على درجة حرارة الحيز الداخلي للمبنى باقتراح اضافة نافذة منفصلة
Authors: علي حسن عاطف
Published: August 2019

لكون النافذة هي المصدر الرئيسي لتاثير المحيط) البيئة( على درجة الح ا ررة داخل حيز المبنى بسبب تاثير معامل الانتقال الح ا رري الكلي لها اضافة الى السماح لاشعة الشمس المؤثرة الى الوصول مباشرة الى الحيز ، تم افت ا رض وجود نافذة ملحقة بالنافذة الاصلية للمبنى ] تصنع من هيكل من الالمونيوم وتحتوي على ثلاث الواح شفافة صلبة من مادة البولي كاربونات سمك ) 4 ( ملم [ ، تر.بط النافذة المقترحة مباشرة من الخارج او الداخل حسب متطلبات تصميم الابنية المشيدة حاليا او قيد الانشاء او المقترحة للانشاء . تمت الد ا رسة في مدينة بغداد خط عرض 2... شمالا وخلال فترة الصيف / العام 2015 ، ونتائج الاختبار قد –– % ) 28.5 اوضحت ان استخدام النافذة المقترحة قد قلل كمية الطاقة المستهلكة لاغ ا رض التكييف في حدود ) 8 تبعا لنوع الزجاج النافذة الاساسية
تأثير المشاكل التنظيمية التي تواجه شبكة النقل على النمو الحضري لمدينة بعقوبة
Authors: حسون علاوي حسون
Published: August 2019

يعتبر النقل اهم العوامل المؤثرة على تطور التركيب الداخلي للمدينة. مشكلة البحث تتمثل في أن زيادة عدد السيارات وخاصة وقلة الاعتماد على النقل العام أدى الى زخم كبير على القدرة الاستيعابية لشبكة النقل في المدينة. يقابله عدم تطوير وتوسيع وتعديل شبكة النقل للمدينة يؤثر على نوعية السكن الحضري للمدينة وكذلك الظروف الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والظروف الأمنية أدت الى فرض نقاط تفتيش أمنية وغلق الكثير من الشوارع مما زاحم شبكة النقل وتأثيرها على التطور العمراني للمدينة. هدف البحث هو دراسة المراحل التاريخية المؤثرة على تشكيلة شبكة النقل وتأثير العوامل الجغرافية لمدينة بعقوبة وعلاقتها بالمدن الأخرى من ناحية شبكة النقل الخارجي لحركة المسافرين والبضائع. المنهج الذي سنعتمده في البحث هو تطوير المخططات الأساسية للمدينة المتضمنة لحلول مناسبة لشبكة النقل الداخلية والخارجية للمدينة وتطبيقها على الأرض وعدم السماح للتجاوزات العشوائية بسن القوانين التي تحد ذلك التجاوز وايجاد الحلول الملائمة لظاهرة النزوح السكاني الى المدينة والتجاوزات السكنية على المخططات الأساسية للمدينة وتأثيرها على النمو العمراني.
تاثير زيادة ارتفاع بدن السيارة على القوى الديناهوائية المتولدة
Authors: صادق عزيز حسين  , عادل كاظم ماشاف
Published: August 2019

في هذا البحث تم دراسة تغيير ارتفاع بدن السيارة نسبة الى مستوى الطريق والذي يتم فعلهُ من قبل بعض الاشخاص بصورة غير مدروسة في كثير من الاحيان. ان أسباب إجراء هذا التغيير قد تكون مختلفة لكن من دون وعي بالاثار السلبية الناتجة من هكذا تغيير خصوصا تلك التي لها علاقة بالقوى الديناهوائية المتولدة. لاجراء الدراسة, تم استخدام نفق هوائي مثبت في داخله موديل لسيارة سيدان Sedan يوفر قابلية لتغيير مستوى ارتفاع بدنهُ بسهولة لعدة قيم. كـما تم استخدام سرع خطية مختلفة للهواء. وقد استخدمت بعض الطرق الاحصائية مثل طريقة تحليل العاملية العامة General Full Factorial Method وتحليل التباين Analysis of Variance تم استخدامهما لاستقراء النتائج بصورة واضحة. اثبتت النتائج ان قوة الكبح تزداد بصورة كبيرة عند زيادة ارتفاع المركبة بالاخص في النقطة الامامية الا وهي نقطة الركود, مما قد يؤشر لتاثير سلبي على عمليات صرف الوقود والتلوث البيئي المصاحب.
Sick building syndrome (SBS)دراﺴﺔ اﻟﺘﺄﺜﯿر اﻟﺤﻀري ﻋﻠﻰ ظﻬور اﻋراض ﻤﺘﻼزﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ اﻟﻤرﯿﻀﺔ في محافظة ديالى
Authors: عامر محمد ابراهيم  , عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا  , سرمد قاسم محمد
Published: August 2019

اُجريت هذه الدراسة في محافظة ديالى للفترة بين 1/10/2014 ولغاية 1/3/ 2015، شملت مناطق حضرية ومناطق ريفية  واخرى في طور التحول، بهدف التعرف على تأثير البيئة الحضرية في اعراض متلازمة المباني المريضةSick building syndrome  (SBS). تضمنت الدراسة توزيع 150 استمارة استبيان وبصورة عشوائية تحتوي على الجنس ومجموعة من الأعراض المرضية والتي تشير الى وجود بيئة مريضة ، بواقع 50 استمارة لكل منطقة.          

       بينت نتائج الدراسة الحالية إن اعراض  SBSكانت اكثر وضوحاً واكثر شيوعاً لدى غالبية  سكان المنطقة الحضرية في حين كانت اقل لدى سكان المنطقة الوسطية وكانت قليلة جداً لدى سكان المنطقة الريفية. واشارت الدراسة ان اسباب تأثر الحضر بأعراض الــSBS يعود الى ارتفاع نسب الملوثات الغازية الناتجة عن حركة وسائط النقل والمنشآت الصناعية والاستعمال الواسع للمنظفات والمطهرات و المبيدات في الاماكن المغلقة و التصميم المعماري للمبنى الذي لا يراعي شروط التهوية الكافية و مواد البناء ذات التأثير السلبي على البيئة. فضلاً عن قلة وجود الغطاء الخضري . واشارت الدراسة الى تأثر الجنس الانثوي بأعراض SBS بصورة اكبر وهذا يعود لأسباب فسيولوجية ، ويمكن أن يكون بسبب ميل النساء الى البقاء دائماً في الاماكن المغلقة بسبب طبيعة العمل والواجبات المنزلية .
Echocardiographic score for prediction of pulmonary hypertension at catheterization: the Daunia Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Correale Michele , Tricarico Lucia , Padovano Giuseppina , Ferraretti Armando , Monaco Ilenia , Musci Rita L. , Galgano Giuseppe , Di Biase Matteo , Brunetti Natale D.
Published: August 2019

Background

Right heart catheterization (RHC) is recommended by guidelines for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, the definition of hemodynamic impairment and responsiveness to drug therapy. However, RHC is an invasive test with associated risk of complications. Noninvasive echocardiographic tools, possibly predictive of pulmonary hypertension at RHC, could be therefore extremely useful.

Methods

Sixty-four consecutive patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension were enrolled in the study and assessed by echocardiography and RHC. Diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension was based on mean pulmonary artery pressure (≥25 mmHg) at RHC.

Results

Of 64 consecutive patients enrolled, 77% were diagnosed as having pulmonary hypertension after RHC. On the basis of significant differences between patients with pulmonary hypertension at RHC and those without on echocardiographic assessment, a multiple logistic regression model was constructed to predict the presence of pulmonary hypertension at RHC. The score was calculated using right atrium and ventricular diastolic area, tricuspid regurgitation V
max, tricuspid regurgitation severity degree and left ventricular ejection fraction. The score area under the curve was therefore 0.786 (P = 0.0001), higher than for tricuspid regurgitation V
max (P = 0.06). A score value more than 57 was associated with a 93% sensitivity, a 67% specificity, a 91% positive predictive power, a 73% negative predictive power, and an odds ratio 27 (P < 0.001) of pulmonary hypertension at RHC, significant even after correction at multivariable analysis. Accuracy of the prediction model was assessed in a validation cohort with comparable results (P = n.s.).

Conclusion

A simple noninvasive echocardiographic score can be useful in predicting the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension at RHC and may be considered for the selection of patients who should undergo or could avoid RHC.
A new Hauterivian palynoflora from the Vale Cortiço site (central Portugal), and its palaeoecological implications for western Iberia
Authors: Mendes Mário Miguel , Polette France , Cunha Pedro P. , Dinis Pedro , Batten David J.
Published: August 2019

Palynofloral assemblages are an invaluable source of information about the interactions between fossil plants and their environments. Here we describe a new Early Cretaceous palynoflora from the Lusitanian Basin in the Estremadura region of central western Portugal. A palynological assemblage of 28 genera and 40 species was extracted from 14 samples collected in the Vale Cortiço clay pit complex near the small village of Ameal (Torres Vedras Municipality). The source is a dark grey mudstone layer belonging to the lower part of the Santa Susana Formation, which is considered to be of early Hauterivian age. The palynoflora is dominated by fern spores and gymnosperm pollen. Bryophyte and lycophyte palynomorphs are also present but subordinate. Angiosperm pollen and algal or dinoflagellate cysts were not recognised in the studied samples. The palynological assemblage represents mixed conifer forest with the ground cover and understorey vegetation dominated by ferns, with patchy occurrences of bryophytes and lycophytes. A riverine environment with surrounding vegetation of open woodland and ground cover primarily of ferns is strongly indicated for the region.
Legal regulation of drug advertising and its restrictions in the conditions of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Peráček T. , Mucha B. , Brestovanská P. , Strážovská Ľ.
Published: August 2019

The question of drug availability is a key requirement for each country. Their deficiency can cause fatal consequences for the health of the population. For this reason, the production and distribution of medicines represents the economic potential of the state, which is also protected and regulated in the Slovak Republic. Drug distribution is also part of every market economy as it is the primary form of business-to-customer (B2C) offering. At first glance, the promotion of drugs might seem to be just marketing. But this area is under the scrutiny of the Slovak legislations. From the point of view of the systemic nature of law, advertising of medicinal products is regulated both in public law and private law. This is particularly the area of administrative law, commercial law and civil or criminal law, which must respect the often complicated penetration of European law into national law. The issue of ad management and the associated availability of medicines, in our terms, is at the centre of public interest. The main aim of the authors in this paper is to examine not only the European but especially the national legal regulation of the advertising of medicines in the context of the decision-making activity of the Slovak authorities supervising compliance with the legal restrictions on the promotion of pharmaceutical products. Another goal is to identify the problems in application practice and to propose ways to eliminate identified shortcomings by specific procedures. The authors, through scientific and doctrinal interpretation, examine selected statutes of the Law on Advertising and related legislation pertaining to the issue of drug advertising. Through expert literature, jurisprudence and the decision-making processes of the administrative authorities, they seek answers to practical application problems. At the end of the contribution, they critically analyse the identified shortcomings and propose appropriate measures to eliminate them.
Effect of visible implant elastomers (VIE) and coded wire tags (CWT) on the growth, survival, and tag retention of juvenile European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus)
Authors: Kozłowski Michał , Szczepkowski Mirosław , Piotrowska Iwona , Szczepkowska Bożena
Published: August 2019

This study examined the effect of visual implant elastomers (VIE) and coded wire tags (CWT) on the growth, survival, and tag retention of juvenile European whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.), (mean body weight 18.7 ± 0.4 g, mean body length 9.7 ± 0.4 cm). The VIE tags were implanted subcutaneously in the anterior head, and the CWTs were implanted intramuscularly under the left gill operculum. The experiment consisted of two stages. The first stage (70 days) examined the effects of tagging on growth and survival, while the second stage (days 71-140) focused on assessing tag retention. Daily and specific growth rates, feed conversion factor, condition factor, coefficient of body weight variation, and survival did not differ significantly between the control fish and those tagged with the VIE tags and CWTs. Tag retention was high in the fish tagged with both VIE tags (100%) and CWTs (93%).
Replicating a seventeenth century sword: the Storta Project
Authors: Sartori Giovanni
Published: August 2019

Making a good “copy” of an ancient weapon means to reach different targets, not only regarding the final product of the making process but also the process itself. This means that to make a sword like this, it is necessary to initially study all the material regarding swords and blades from the same period and geographic area. This process involves not only their style, design, geometry, weights and balance, but also the cultural background of the period, the use and symbolism of the weapon and finally the original production techniques used. This article reviews and documents the “Storta project” in the context of a museum exhibition in Minsk (European Martial Arts: From Vulcan’s Forge to the Arts of Mars, 01.05-30.09.2019).
Contextualising Pietro Monte’s Military Career in Italy
Authors: Brioist Pascal
Published: August 2019

Several scholars have studied Pietro del Monte’s works, but only a few have focused on his military career. This article contextualises his career as a condotierre, primarily by collecting and commenting on narrative sources describing his life. From the Italian and Spanish courts where he mingled with the brightest minds of his time, to the Italian Wars where he met his death on the battlefield, Monte lived as an acting commander, a respected scholar, and a renowned master at arms.
Reaching Excellence: Staff Weapon Typologies, Contexts, and Fighting Techniques in the Collectanea of Pietro Monte
Authors: Deacon Jacob Henry , Tzouriadis Iason-Eleftherios
Published: August 2019

The sixteenth-century Collectanea of the condottiero Pietro Monte contains some of the most thorough writings that exist pertaining to the use of staff weapons. A detailed study of how these weapons are categorised, contextualised, and used in Monte’s work can, due to their sometimes limited treatment in other fight books, allow for a comparative approach between Monte’s works and those of other fight book authors. Such a study allows for a more complete understanding of how Monte’s work fits in with the wider fight book genre, properly contextualising the Collectanea, and demonstrating to what extent this important but often overlooked text should be considered revolutionary or reflective of contemporary military and martial trends. In this article is discussed Monte’s approach to defining staff weapons, his contextualisation of staff weapons according to military and martial environments, and Monte’s teachings on the use of staff weapons.
Horseback fighting in Pietro del Monte’s Collectanea (1509): from training to the reality of pitched battle
Authors: Bas Pierre-Henry
Published: August 2019

The Italian Pietro del Monte left us a wonderful work on the martial arts of the late XVth century. Writing on weapons, gear, and fighting techniques, he gives special attention to horses and horseback fighting. In this succinct article, the goal is to present the two different types of cavalry that are covered directly or indirectly by Monte and to show his wide experience in the field, which led him to suggest some pragmatic techniques and not just write a book showing a wide range of technical and tactical possibilities.
Evaluation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Operating in Short Supply Chains Within Slovak School Programmes
Authors: Floriš Norbert , Schwarcz Pavol
Published: August 2019

Despite of reduction of its share on the gross domestic product, agriculture remains a branch generating job opportunities in rural areas. However, through more intensive farming procedures, it puts a pressure on environment and sustainability of agricultural production and prolongs the distance of distributed goods. Reduction of the mentioned impacts is possible through shortening the food supply chain subsequently resulting in increase of local sale, demand for local services and increase of labour market, putting an emphasis on support of small and medium – sized enterprises and their economic viability improvement. This paper evaluates the performance of small and medium enterprises and micro-enterprises which applied for the support and supplied and distributed fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products to kindergartens and primary schools within the School Fruits and Vegetables and the School Milk programme. We suppose that through supplying local schools they contributed to the food supply chain shortening.
Entrepreneurship of Cities through Business Companies in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Valach Maroš , Ágh Peter
Published: August 2019

Local self-governments in the Slovak Republic have many possibilities to do business to capitalize their assets and generate their own budget revenues. The purpose of the article was to identify and evaluate business companies through which local selfgovernments conduct business from different perspectives. We focused on businesses with asset ownership of municipalities with city status. When analyzing businesses, we have taken into account their size, spatial layout, legal form, subject of activity, and their economy. Slovak cities have a long-term experience with conducting business through business companies. Most of these are companies with 100% ownership of the cities, in terms of the legal form of a limited liability company. The research results confirm that the significant effect of government-run business is the increase in the value of assets.
Differences in Agricultural Support between Countries – The OECD Measurement
Authors: Gendová Ruzsíková Kristína
Published: August 2019

Countries provide different levels of support from public expenditures to farmers. Some countries subsidise their agricultural producers more significantly. On the other hand, other group of countries provides less support to their producers from public resources. Different international organisations and institutions provide their own indicators as in the case of the Oranisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The OECD provides a comprehensive framework to measure the level of support and to identify its structure. This measurement provides a comparable review of support to agriculture from public budgets and helps to evaluate the transfers from taxpayers to producers or consumers. The aim of our work was to present this measurement framework, the differences in support between OECD and some non-OECD countries and to see if there is an evidence of development in level and/or in structure of supports in agriculture in the 2016, 2017 and 2018’s editions of OECD publications taken into consideration. The comparative analysis shows that not only the level, but the composition of support differes from country to country.
Verification of the Green Microalgae Biomass Use for Biogas Production
Authors: Głowacka Natalia , Gaduš Ján
Published: August 2019

The article reviews the energy potential of microalgae as an alternative raw material for anaerobic digestion. Currently, energy security is one of the main topics among researchers. The amount of generated fossil fuels is limited, it is a question of time when fossil fuels will not continue to be accessible at low cost. There is a need to find an alternative carrier of energy which will replace the fossil fuels in the World. Green microalgae can be proposed as a possible bio raw-material, which can be used as an input material in order to produce energy. Lots of alternative technologies of algae cultivation are currently being developed all over the world. There is a necessity to search for a sensible way to produce algal biomass for bioenergy purposes, while maintaining all requirements involved in environmental and economic issues. The research results presented in the science article show that microalgae biomass is the proper alternative material for biogas production with the method of anaerobic fermentation. We believe that these research results can contribute to the future development of all forms of renewable energy in the Slovak Republic.