bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Prosthetic Joint Surgery: A Prospective Study on 760 Arthroplasties
Authors: Maritati Martina , Trentini Alessandro , Chemello Davide , Mazzoni Elisa , Cervellati Carlo , Zanoli Gustavo Alberto , Contini Carlo , De Rito Giuseppe
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The success of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) has led to consistent growth in the use of arthroplasty in progressively younger patients. However, more than 10 percent of patients require revision surgery due to implant failure caused by aseptic or septic inflammation. Among the latter, surgical site infection (SSI) represents one of the worst complications of TJA, potentially resulting in the removal of the prosthesis. The aim of our study was to identify potential risk factors for SSIs in a population of patients undergoing TJA. Methods. TJA were prospectively recruited at Casa di Cura Santa Maria Maddalena from February 2019 to April 2020. Age, sex, major comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, length of surgery, type of surgical suture, total hospital length of stay, and clinical laboratory data were collected. The study population was then divided into two groups: Group A, normal postoperative course, and Group B, patients who developed SSI at follow-up (17-25 days). Results. 25/760 (3.3%) patients developed SSIs at follow-up. Clinical and demographic parameters were not different between the two groups. Total leucocyte and neutrophil values at discharge resulted to be significatively higher in Group B compared to Group A (

p
=
0.025

and

p
=
0.016

, respectively). Values of 7860/μL for total leucocyte and 5185/μL for neutrophil count at discharge significantly predicted the future development of SSI (AUC 0.623 and AUC 0.641, respectively;

p
<
0.05

) independently from confounding factors (total leukocytes:

O
.
R
.
=
3
,
69

[95% C.I. 1,63-8,32]; neutrophils:

O
.
R
.
=
3
,
98

[95% C.I. 1,76-8,97]). Deep SSIs has been diagnosed significantly before superficial SSIs (

p
=
0,008

), with a median advance of 9 days. Conclusion. Total leukocytes and neutrophils at discharge seem useful to identify a population at risk for the development of septic inflammation at the surgical site following TJA. Further studies with larger populations are needed to develop a predictive SSIs risk score that should include those variables.
Clustering and Analysis of Verbs in English Language Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zheng Yanyang , Zhang Zongjie
Published: September 2022

There are related problems in the clustering and analysis of verbs in the English language. In order to further improve the application of verbs in the English language based on the theory of artificial intelligence, the clustering analysis of English verbs is carried out by using artificial intelligence technology and through the use of discrete matrix and evaluation index optimization, so as to obtain the optimized artificial intelligence model. The model can provide a good computational process for the verb clustering analysis of the English language, and the experimental data are used to verify the model. Relevant studies show that the influence of parameter change on the discrete change of the matrix can be divided into three cases: the curve shows a gentle change trend with the increase of distance; the increase of the distance makes the discrete data of the experiment increase approximately linear. The relationship between distance and discrete data is nonlinear. The change curve of MS has obvious multi-segment linear characteristics, and the linear slope of the first stage is the lowest, indicating that the change effect of the curve is the least obvious in this stage. Based on the clustering analysis of English language verbs using artificial intelligence technology, it can be seen that different factors vary in an obvious range at the initial stage and have good corresponding fluctuation characteristics. With the increase of samples, the corresponding curve gradually tends to be flat. Finally, the accuracy of the model is verified by experimental data. This research can provide a theoretical basis for the application and analysis of artificial intelligence in other fields and provide support for clustering and analysis of verbs in the English language.
A Methylation Diagnostic Model Based on Random Forests and Neural Networks for Asthma Identification
Authors: Li Dong-Dong , Chen Ting , Ling You-Liang , Jiang YongAn , Li Qiu-Gen
Published: September 2022

Background. Asthma significantly impacts human life and health as a chronic disease. Traditional treatments for asthma have several limitations. Artificial intelligence aids in cancer treatment and may also accelerate our understanding of asthma mechanisms. We aimed to develop a new clinical diagnosis model for asthma using artificial neural networks (ANN). Methods. Datasets (GSE85566, GSE40576, and GSE13716) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and identified differentially expressed CpGs (DECs) enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Random forest (RF) and ANN algorithms further identified gene characteristics and built clinical models. In addition, two external validation datasets (GSE40576 and GSE137716) were used to validate the diagnostic ability of the model. Results. The methylation analysis tool (ChAMP) considered DECs that were up-regulated (

n

 =121) and down-regulated (

n

 =20). GO results showed enrichment of actin cytoskeleton organization and cell-substrate adhesion, shigellosis, and serotonergic synapses. RF (random forest) analysis identified 10 crucial DECs (cg05075579, cg20434422, cg03907390, cg00712106, cg05696969, cg22862094, cg11733958, cg00328720, and cg13570822). ANN constructed the clinical model according to 10 DECs. In two external validation datasets (GSE40576 and GSE137716), the Area Under Curve (AUC) for GSE137716 was 1.000, and AUC for GSE40576 was 0.950, confirming the reliability of the model. Conclusion. Our findings provide new methylation markers and clinical diagnostic models for asthma diagnosis and treatment.
Oxymatrine Protects Chondrocytes against IL-1β-triggered Apoptosis in Vitro and Inhibits Osteoarthritis in Mice Model
Authors: Mohetaer Diliyaer , Cao Li , Wang Yang
Published: September 2022

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease with various risk factors, resulting in the degeneration of articular cartilage and whole joints. However, to date, no effective disease-modifying therapy for OA has been developed. Oxymatrine (OMT) is associated with many pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidative properties. However, the role of OMT in OA remains unclear. Materials and Methods. An IL-1β-induced chondrocyte model and anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced murine model of OA were constructed. The effect of OMT on chondrocyte viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. The protein level was assessed by Western blot analysis, and the apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry in vitro and TUNEL staining in OA model mice. The effect of OMT on the degradation of articular cartilage in ACLT-induced OA mice was assessed by histological analysis. Results. OMT at 0–2 mg/mL showed no conspicuous cytotoxicity on chondrocytes after 24 hours of incubation. OMT at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL inhibited IL-1β-triggered apoptosis, upregulated MMP13, MMP9, and Col X, and upregulated Col II in chondrocytes in vitro. OMT represses the NF-κB signaling cascade in IL-1β-triggered chondrocytes in vitro. In an in vivo study, OMT decreased the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes and exerted a protective effect against the degradation of articular cartilage in ACLT-triggered OA mice. Conclusion. OMT plays a protective role against chondrocyte injury induced by IL-1β in vitro or ACLT in vivo. OMT may play a role in chondrocytes during OA by inhibiting NF-κB signaling by decreasing the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB. OMT treatment may be a promising chondroprotective approach to delay OA cartilage progression.
Practical Research on Artificial Intelligence Algorithms, Paleontology, Data Mining, and Digital Restoration of Public Information
Authors: Yan Guo , Xin Hong
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses the method of fossil digitization combining paleontology and art by using data mining. The aim of the study is to increase the creativity and vitality of museum exhibits and promote scientific exchange. The purpose of the study is to discuss how the interdisciplinary approach will benefit the communication of science and to realize the cooperative development of creative science popularization, art science popularization, dialogue science popularization, and communication science popularization through the cooperation between museums and institutions disseminating and researching science. The research method takes the Jehol Biota in western Liaoning Province of China as an example to explore the methods and approaches to transform museum resources into creative products. Through artificial intelligence data mining and digital reconstruction, data can be used for archaeological research but also for scientific popularization and scientific dissemination of the resources of art transformation. Research results: as the cornerstone to consolidate the digital development of society and economy, “the new infrastructure of artificial intelligence” will start a comprehensive digital transformation. Through the integration of multiple fields and disciplines, museums will change from resource dependence to focus more on market creation, which will promote museum’s industry development.
Potential Roof Collapse Analysis of Tunnel Considering the Orthotropic Weak Interlayer on the Detaching Surface
Authors: Xu Tong , Zhang Dingli , Sun Zhenyu , Yu Lin , Li Ran , Luo Jiwei
Published: September 2022

The evaluation of the roof collapse in tunnels or cavities remains one of the most complex issues in geotechnical engineering. Taking the detaching surface of the tunnel roof collapse as an orthotropic weak interlayer, an analytical approach for determining the limit collapse range considering the arch effect of the tunnel is presented in this paper by the variation calculus. A discontinuity criterion moving from the anisotropic criterion proposed by the present authors is applied to the orthotropic interlayer. The phenomenon of sharp points in collapse blocks is further analyzed. Based on the proposed approach, illustrated examples are analyzed to investigate the effect of the strength parameters and the consideration of the collapse cusp, which show different influence laws on the range of collapse blocks. Those interesting conclusions can provide guidance for the prediction of the collapse mechanism of the tunnel.
[Retracted] Aesthetic and Implication Analysis of the Traditional Poetic Environment Based on Natural Language Emotion Analysis
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: September 2022

The uniqueness of aesthetic implication in Zhou Dynasty poetics lies in that it is the basic forming stage of the concept of formal beauty of the whole Chinese nation, and the aesthetic implication of the Zhou Dynasty poetics art has fundamental significance for the whole ancient Chinese aesthetic implication theory. In the discipline of natural language processing, text emotion analysis is a crucial topic. Artificial neural network research is where the idea of “deep learning” (DL) first emerged. In view of the problems that semantic information is easy to be lost and emotional information may be ignored in the traditional Chinese short text emotion analysis model, this paper introduces the AM (attention mechanism) and proposes a CNN‐LSTM (convolutional neural network‐long short‐term memory) poetic aesthetic implication analysis method based on self‐attention. For the IL (input layer), word vectors trained by Word2Vec are used and then input into the CNN‐LSTM joint model. Then, the output of the joint model is weighted and summed by self‐attention and finally input into the Softmax classifier, so as to realize the emotion classification of the text. By creating and putting into practise pertinent comparative experiments, the usefulness of the proposed model is confirmed. The outcomes demonstrate that this model outperforms the other three comparison models for the quantification of evaluation indices in terms of overall performance. The accuracy and F1 of this paper are 93.362% and 90.886%, respectively, which are higher than other models.
Construction of College Physical Education MOOCS Teaching Model Based on Fuzzy Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Yang Jie
Published: September 2022

With the continuous development of the MOOCS model in college physical education, the corresponding teaching evaluation has also been widely concerned by the community. The development of a traditional education mode in college physical education cannot meet the current teaching requirements. In order to solve the problem of narrow application and insufficient accuracy in traditional education, on the basis of the Kohonen fuzzy decision tree algorithm and the MOOCS fuzzy decision tree algorithm, a fuzzy evaluation model of P.E. teaching is proposed. The results show that the fuzzy ID3 algorithm can achieve high accuracy in the four databases, and the classification accuracy of the A-D database is 75.9%, 62.9%, 76.6%, and 95.1%, respectively. Except for database C, the classification accuracy of the minimum classification uncertainty algorithm is lower than the other two clear decision tree algorithms. Compared with the minimum classification uncertainty algorithm, the fuzzy ID3 algorithm has obvious advantages in classification rules. The classification rules of A-D database are 18, 12, 16, and 10, respectively. When the authenticity threshold is about 0.8, the fuzzy ID3 algorithm has the highest classification accuracy. The proposed MOOCS model for college physical education based on the fuzzy decision tree algorithm has strong practicability and high accuracy. This paper studies the MOOCS model of college physical education and introduces the fuzzy decision tree algorithm to evaluate the MOOCS model of college physical education. It solves the problem that traditional sports cannot satisfy the needs of “Internet plus education” at all. Compared with the traditional sports model, it has better applicability and higher accuracy.
Evidence on the Heroin-Mediated Impairment of the Oxidative Status of Erythrocytes
Authors: Bani-Ahmad Mohammad A. , Mustafa Ayman G. , Bani Ahmad Abdelraheem A. , Alkhazali Islam E. , Rahim Ahmad A.
Published: September 2022

Away from hemorheological properties, the effect of heroin addiction on erythrocytes is poorly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the oxidative impacts of heroin administration on erythrocytes. Study subjects included chronic intravenous heroin addicts and control subjects. Hematological analysis and redox parameters were measured, including serum concentration of methemoglobin ([MethHb]), serum glutathione peroxidase-1 ([GPX-1]), serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, erythrocytic protein carbonyl content, and oxidized to reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio. Hematological analysis revealed that addicts had a significantly higher red cell distribution width, consistent with the mild anisocytosis and poikilocytosis of erythrocytes. As compared to control subjects, significantly higher levels of serum [Met-Hb], [GPX-1], and GPX activity (

p
<
0.001

) were reported among addicted subjects. A significant association between [MetHb] and GPX activity was observed with r = 0.764 (

p
<
0.001

). Furthermore, significantly higher erythrocytic protein carbonyl contents and GSSG/GSH ratio were evident among heroin addicts (

p
<
0.005

) that were significantly associated with r = 0.429 (

p
=
0.01

). Results demonstrate preliminary evidence that heroin addiction is implicated in impaired redox status of erythrocytes. Considering the pharmacokinetics of heroin, erythrocytic antioxidant mechanisms, and turnover rate, further investigation is required to evaluate the extent and clinical outcomes, especially upon over-dose administration.
[Retracted] Construction of Intelligent Substation‐Optimized Networking Communication Network Based on Source‐Network‐Load Interaction Environment
Authors: Lin Yubin , Ruan Xiaofei , Li Jiyu , Huang Xiaoyu , Yang Dishan
Published: September 2022

Smart grids, which possess flexibility, cleanliness, safety, economy, and friendliness, have drawn a lot of attention from all over the world in an era of rapid social and economic development, power technology change, and energy and environmental constraints. However, there are still issues with the design, installation, and operation of smart substations, such as insufficient LAN integration, difficulty quantifying network performance, and inability to keep track of communication. The basic meaning and key technologies of substation communication standards are used as the research object in this paper, and the basic attributes of substation data flow, such as source, type, and function, are qualitatively analyzed. The mathematical model that is most closely fitted is 2.8% more effective. The research object is the topology of the process bus. Through the comparison of various solutions, including star topology, ring topology, bus topology, and mesh topology, the advantages and disadvantages of each topology networking scheme are revealed along with the particular functional requirements of the substation process layer. Further discussion is given to the crucial topology‐related technologies of network congestion and flow control.
[Retracted] Analysis of Risk Factors for Pneumonia Death in ICU Environment Based on Logistic Regression
Authors: Ma Yongping , He Fang , Ouyang Fei
Published: September 2022

Objective. To explore the risk and protect factors for death of pneumonia patients in intensive care unit (ICU), we conducted this logistic regression research. Methods. We collected demographic and nursing care data for 80 patients form Wuhan fourth hospital, in which 40 patients were dead and the other 40 patients were alive. Difference analysis, Pearson’s correlation matrix, and logistic regression were conducted to explore the risk and protective factors for living status of pneumonia patients in ICU. Results. A total of 40 individuals were dead from pneumonia in ICU. The demographic and nursing information had no difference between death and living groups except age. After that, correlation analysis showed that there were correlations between living status, age, and marriage. Logistic regression showed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.94, P < 0.05) and no education (OR = 0.21, P < 0.05) may be harmful for pneumonia patients living status while high‐quality nursing (OR = 2.72, P < 0.05) may be helpful for pneumonia patients living status. Conclusion. High‐quality care plays an important role in protecting the survival of patients with pneumonia, and old age and uneducated may be the risk factors for the death of patients with pneumonia.
Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of PCV2 Circulating in Wild Boars in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Dechassa , Tsegaye Girma , Aman Sultan , Faustini Giulia , Franzo Giovanni
Published: September 2022

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the most relevant infectious agents affecting domestic pigs. Recently, a surprising PCV2 genetic heterogenicity has been reported in Africa. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the epidemiology of PCV2 in African countries, in both domestic and wild species, is limited and sparse. Having this in mind, in the present study, the PCV2 circulation and its molecular epidemiology in Southwestern Ethiopia have been investigated by collecting 64 samples from domestic pigs, wild boars, and warthogs. PCV2 genome presence was detected and quantified using qPCR and ORF2 sequencing was attempted on positive samples. Ten samples, 8 wild boars, 1 domestic pig, and 1 warthog, tested PCV2 positive. Complete ORF2 sequences were obtained from 5 wild boars; 4 of those were classified as PCV2d and 1 as PCV2b. Both PCV2b and PCV2d were related to strains of Asian origin, most commonly from China. The role of this country in the exportation of PCV2 strains in Ethiopia, and Africa in general, might be supported by the crescent economic relationship between the two continents. The obtained evidence also testifies to the inadequacy and/or poor application of biosecurity measures separating wild and domestic animals. Further, extensive and systematic studies should be performed to more deeply characterize the molecular epidemiology of PCV2 in this region, in order to improve our understanding of these ecological niches in the evolution and dispersal of PCV2.
Practical Model for Short-Circuit Current Calculation of Photovoltaic Power Station Based on Improved RLS Algorithm
Authors: Sun Zhiyuan , Liu Mosi , Zheng Kun
Published: September 2022

In recent years, with the rapid economic development, the development speed of all walks of life has entered a new level, and the power industry has also developed rapidly. Driven by market demand, China’s power transmission range and power transmission capacity will enter a new level. At the same time, the problems brought about by the development of the power system are equally severe. Due to the large load density in individual areas, the detection of short-circuit current must be improved as an important issue. The purpose of this paper is to study how to improve the practical model of short-circuit current calculation of photovoltaic power plants, so that it can be well applied to the current high-density current detection in China. Therefore, this paper improves the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm and applies it to the practical model of short-circuit current calculation of photovoltaic power plants and describes the improvement process of the algorithm in detail. At the same time, this paper designs relevant experiments and analysis to count the data of the improved RLS algorithm in the short-circuit current calculation of the actual photovoltaic power station and combines the data of this part to test and analyze the ability of the algorithm. The experimental results in this paper show that the improved RLS algorithm has a very good improvement in the calculation accuracy of the short-circuit current calculation of photovoltaic power plants in the actual model calculation. At the same time, the calculation efficiency is also improved, and the current tracking effect is also improved by 7%.
The Integrated Development of Furniture Design and Children’s Characteristics Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Li Si
Published: September 2022

Furniture is one of the most enduring items that children grow up with. However, there is a big gap between children’s rapidly growing physical and mental needs and existing children’s furniture. It is necessary to design children’s furniture that is both interesting and multifunctional from the perspective of children’s physiology and psychology. In the context of artificial intelligence, this paper applies the artificial intelligence design concept to the design of children’s furniture and discusses the necessity and design principles of its application in the design of children’s furniture from the aspects of society, children, and development trends.
CDCA3 Predicts Poor Prognosis and Affects CD8+ T Cell Infiltration in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bai Yuanyuan , Liao Shangfan , Yin Zhenjie , You Bingyong , Lu Dongming , Chen Yongmei , Chen Daoxun , Wu Yongyang
Published: September 2022

Background. Cell division cycle associated 3 (CDCA3) mediates the ubiquitination WEE1 kinase at G2/M phase. However, its contribution to cancer immunity remains uncertain. Methods. We first evaluated the effect of CDCA3 on the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The results of bioinformatics analysis were verified by the tissue microarray, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, CCK-8 assay, colony formation, cell cycle, and Western blot. Results. Bioinformatics analysis predicated CDCA3 was an independent predictor of poor prognosis in RCC and was associated with poor TNM stage and grade. CDCA3 was related to the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and Tregs. Tissue microarray demonstrated that CDCA3 was strongly associated with poor prognosis and positively relevant to CD8+ T infiltration. In vitro experiments showed that exgenomic interference of CDCA3 could attenuate cellular proliferation, arrest cell cycle, and blockade accumulation of CDK4, Bub3, and Cdc20 in mitosis process. Conclusion. CDCA3 presents as a good biomarker candidate to predict the prognosis of RCC patients and potentiates the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) of RCC.
Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning Protect the Heart by Preserving the Mitochondrial Network
Authors: Ismail Nur Izzah , Michel Nathaly Anto , Katwadi Khairunnisa , Lim Mim-Mim , Chan To-Kiu , Rahman Attaur , Xu Dachun , Ong Sang-Ging , Hausenloy Derek J. , Ong Sang-Bing
Published: September 2022

Background. Mitochondria fuse to form elongated networks which are more tolerable to stress and injury. Ischemic pre‐ and postconditioning (IPC and IPost, respectively) are established cardioprotective strategies in the preclinical setting. Whether IPC and IPost modulates mitochondrial morphology is unknown. We hypothesize that the protective effects of IPC and IPost may be conferred via preservation of mitochondrial network. Methods. IPC and IPost were applied to the H9c2 rat myoblast cells, isolated adult primary murine cardiomyocytes, and the Langendorff‐isolated perfused rat hearts. The effects of IPC and IPost on cardiac cell death following ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI), mitochondrial morphology, and gene expression of mitochondrial‐shaping proteins were investigated. Results. IPC and IPost successfully reduced cardiac cell death and myocardial infarct size. IPC and IPost maintained the mitochondrial network in both H9c2 and isolated adult primary murine cardiomyocytes. 2D‐length measurement of the 3 mitochondrial subpopulations showed that IPC and IPost significantly increased the length of interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM). Gene expression of the pro‐fusion protein, Mfn1, was significantly increased by IPC, while the pro‐fission protein, Drp1, was significantly reduced by IPost in the H9c2 cells. In the primary cardiomyocytes, gene expression of both Mfn1 and Mfn2 were significantly upregulated by IPC and IPost, while Drp1 was significantly downregulated by IPost. In the Langendorff‐isolated perfused heart, gene expression of Drp1 was significantly downregulated by both IPC and IPost. Conclusion. IPC and IPost‐mediated upregulation of pro‐fusion proteins (Mfn1 and Mfn2) and downregulation of pro‐fission (Drp1) promote maintenance of the interconnected mitochondrial network, ultimately conferring cardioprotection against IRI.
Improving the Functional and Sensory Properties of Cookies by Ultrasonic Treatment of Whey Proteins
Authors: Rababah Taha , Al-U’datt Muhammad , Al-Mahasneh Majdi , Alsaad Ahmad , Gammoh Sana , Mahili Hana’a , Abdhamead Khaled Bny , Almajwal Ali , Ajouly Tha’er , Bartkute-Norkuniene Vaida
Published: September 2022

The profiles of food products are one interesting link that adds a new functional component. Cookies became one of the remarkable foods as a result of their simple preparation, a protracted period, and a sensible acceptance by the population. The effects of sonication on physical and sensory characteristics of cookies to be enhanced were studied. The results showed that cookies prepared with 5 and 10% replacement of sonicated whey protein had significant differences in sensory evaluation especially crumb, but there were no significant differences in the physical characteristics, so we can conclude that sonication will improve sensory properties of cookies. Also, we can conclude that biscuit samples supplemented with 5 or 10% WPC were nutrient-rich. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the cookie samples supplemented with 5% WPC performed better in most of the characteristics but decreased with an increase in the WPC level. The texture properties of the cookie samples indicated that the control cookies with WPC-supplemented cookies showed no significant differences in most studied properties. It can be concluded that the addition of sonicated whey protein enhanced the physiochemical and sensory properties of cookies.
Recent Literature Review of Significance of Polypyrrole and Its Biocomposites in Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Rehman Rabia , Raza Asma , Yasmeen Farhat , Dar Amara , Al-thagafi Zahrah T. , Meraf Zelalem
Published: September 2022

The usage of dyes has been tremendously augmented due to industrialization and human’s intrinsic fascination with colors. Owing to their excessive usage in industries like textiles, food, cosmetics, paints, printing etc., it is indisputably a contributing factor in aquatic pollution. Dyes effluents have emerged as a burgeoning challenge. Owing to issues such as toxicity, mutagenicity, and disturbed photosynthesis associated with dye contamination, it is crucial to look for an explication to deal with this challenge. Polypyrrole-based biocomposites have been reported as good adsorbents for textile wastewater treatment. In the last decade, numerous studies have stated the effective removal of dyes via Polypyrrole-based biocomposites. This review concentrates on the implication of different Polypyrrole-based biocomposites for decontamination of dyes and synthesis methods, characteristics, and mechanism of dyes degradation by these biocomposites from wastewater.
Virulence Genes of Helicobacter pylori Increase the Risk of Premalignant Gastric Lesions in a Colombian Population
Authors: Carlosama-Rosero Yeison , Acosta-Astaiza Claudia , Sierra-Torres Carlos H. , Bolaños-Bravo H. , Quiroga-Quiroga Andrés , Bonilla-Chaves Juan
Published: September 2022

Background. Genetic variability of Helicobacter pylori is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases; however, little is known about interaction with sociodemographic in the development of premalignant lesions in Colombian patients. Methods. An analytical study was conducted including cases (patients with gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia) and controls (patients with nonatrophic gastritis). Sociodemographic information was obtained using a questionnaire. Histopathological diagnosis was performed according to the Sydney System. The cagA and vacA genotypes were established using polymerase chain reaction in paraffin blocks. The effect of each variable on the study outcome (premalignant lesion) is presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. Apvalue of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results. The vacA/s1m1 genotype increases the risk of developing premalignant lesions of the stomach (OR: 3.05, 95% IC: 1.57–5.91,p=0.001). Age and educational level showed a positive interaction with the s1m1 genotype (adjusted OR: 3.68, 95% CI: 1.73–7.82,p=0.001). The cagA genotype was not correlated to the development of premalignant lesions of the stomach (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.90–1.94,p=0.151). Conclusions. The vacA genotype, age, and educational level are indicators of the risk of developing premalignant lesions of the stomach in the study population. Significance Statement. Genetic variability of H. pylori and sociodemographic information could be used to predict the risk of premalignant lesions in stomach in Colombian population.
Budesonide‐Loaded Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to the Inflamed Intestinal Mucosa in a Rodent Model of Colitis
Authors: Vafaei Seyed Yaser , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein , Mahjub Reza , Eslami Seyyed Majid , Esmaeili Motahareh , Abdollahi Mohammad , Atyabi Fatemeh , Dinarvand Rassoul
Published: September 2022

The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of budesonide‐ (BDS‐) loaded hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (HANPs) for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using an acute model of colitis in rats. The therapeutic efficacy of BDS‐loaded HANPs in comparison with an aqueous suspension of the drug with the same dose (30 μg/kg) was investigated 48 h following induction of colitis by intrarectal administration of acetic acid 4% in rats. Microscopic and histopathologic examinations were conducted in inflamed colonic tissue. Tissue concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α was assessed by ELISA assay kit, while the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured spectrophotometrically. Results from in vivo evaluations demonstrated that administrations of BDS‐HANPs ameliorated the general endoscopic appearance, quite close to the healthy animals with no signs of inflammation and reduced the cellular infiltration, as well as the TNF‐α level, and the MPO activity. It was found that delivery by BDS‐loaded HANPSs alleviated the induced colitis significantly better than the same dose of the free drug. These data further suggest the potential of HANPs as a targeted drug delivery system to the inflamed colon mucosa.
Effect of Transradial Artery Catheterization on Shock Patients
Authors: Xu Hui , Chen Wenyong , Huang Mingming , Wang Zenggeng
Published: September 2022

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided transradial catheterization (TRC) for ICU patients with shock. Methods. 120 shock patients registered in the ICU of our hospital from January 2019 to June 2022 were selected for prospective study. The control group (60 patients) were treated with palpation-guided TRC. The observation group was treated with ultrasound-guided TRC and was divided into the internal puncture group (internal TRC) and external puncture group (external TRC), with 30 cases in each. The first attempt success rate, total success rate, operation duration, complication, measurement of radial artery, and VAS scores were compared in these groups. Results. The success rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

), and higher in the internal puncture group than in the external puncture group (

P
<
0.05

). The first attempt success rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

), with no significant difference in between (

P
>
0.05

). The number of attempts and operation duration were lower in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

), with significantly more operation duration in the internal puncture group than in the external puncture group (

P
<
0.05

) and no significant difference in the number of attempts (both

P
>
0.05

). The complication rate was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

) and there was no significant difference in between (

P
>
0.05

). The radial artery diameter, cross-sectional area, and depth from the skin in the observation group were larger than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

) and there was no significant difference in between (

P
>
0.05

). At 1, 6, 24, and 48 h after the surgery, the observation group showed lower VAS scores than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The ultrasound-guided TRC reduced the number of attempts, the complication rates, and the operation duration. For patients with shock, if Doppler ultrasound cannot detect blood flow, the success rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and its advantage is worthy of promotion in severe patients.
The Behavior and Impact of Heterogeneous Investors in China’s Stock Index Futures Market: An Agent‐Based Model on Cross‐Market Trades
Authors: Yang Zhuoyi , Xiong Xiong , Wei Lijian , Cui Yian , Wan Li
Published: September 2022

Since the period of unusual volatility in China’s A‐share market in 2015, there has been an ongoing discussion about the role of stock index futures in the A‐share market. There is no unified consensus among academics and industry insiders on whether stock index futures affect spot market volatility. Using agent‐based modeling, we construct a theoretical model of the order book of the stock index futures market to assess the microbehavior of speculators, arbitrageurs, and hedgers in this market. We then calibrate the link between the futures and spot models to explore the respective influences of heterogeneous investors in the two markets. We find that speculators, arbitrageurs, and hedgers all play different roles and have varying effects on the two markets. While speculators serve as the foundation for other investors to participate in trading activities, both arbitrageurs and hedgers affect the spot market by significantly reducing volatility, enhancing price efficiency, and playing a positive role in the operation of this market. We develop our model from the perspective of investor behavior and explain why the stock index futures market can reduce spot market volatility. In addition, our conclusion may help regulators understand the roles played by different types of investors in the Chinese stock index futures market.
Optimal Algorithms for Nonlinear Equations with Applications and Their Dynamics
Authors: Naseem Amir , Rehman M. A. , Ide Nasr Al Din
Published: September 2022

In the present work, we introduce two novel root‐finding algorithms for nonlinear scalar equations. Among these algorithms, the second one is optimal according to Kung‐Traub’s conjecture. It is established that the newly proposed algorithms bear the fourth‐ and sixth‐order of convergence. To show the effectiveness of the suggested methods, we provide several real‐life problems associated with engineering sciences. These problems have been solved through the suggested methods, and their numerical results proved the superiority of these methods over the other ones. Finally, we study the dynamics of the proposed methods using polynomiographs created with the help of a computer program using six cubic‐degree polynomials and then give a detailed graphical comparison with similar existing methods which shows the supremacy of the presented iteration schemes with respect to convergence speed and other dynamical aspects.
Investigation of the Correlation between Cuff Inflatable Hypertension and the Difference in Interarm Diastolic Pressure Induced by Single Arm Ischemia
Authors: Li Yi , Zhong Wen , Hu Weitong , Zhou Liang , Wang Renhong , Xu Meizhen
Published: September 2022

The correlation between cuff inflatable hypertension and the difference in interarm diastolic pressure induced by single arm ischemia is investigated. A total of 126 patients undergoing coronary angiography in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 are selected and divided into the non‐pseudohypertension (non‐PHT) group (64 cases) and the PHT group (62 cases) according to the difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure measured directly and indirectly. The patients are subjected to the beam arm ischemia test and blood pressure measurement. The diastolic pressure differences between the patients before and after the beam arm are analyzed, and endothelial function and imaging indicators are compared. The risk factors for PHT are analyzed by binary logistic regression, and the diagnostic efficacy of diastolic blood pressure difference interarms (DBPI‐r) for PHT patients is analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The experimental results show that the diastolic pressure difference induced by single arm ischemia can be used in the diagnosis of cuff inflatable hypertension.
Sustained Minimal Residual Disease Negativity in Multiple Myeloma is Associated with Stool Butyrate and Healthier Plant-Based Diets
Authors: Shah Urvi A. , Maclachlan Kylee H. , Derkach Andriy , Salcedo Meghan , Barnett Kelly , Caple Julia , Blaslov Jenna , Tran Linh , Ciardiello Amanda , Burge Miranda , Shekarkhand Tala , Adintori Peter , Cross Justin , Pianko Matthew J. , Hosszu Kinga , McAvoy Devin , Mailankody Sham , Korde Neha , Hultcrantz Malin , Hassoun Hani , Tan Carlyn R. , Lu Sydney X. , Patel Dhwani , Diamond Benjamin , Shah Gunjan , Scordo Michael , Lahoud Oscar , Chung David J. , Landau Heather , Usmani Saad Z. , Giralt Sergio , Taur Ying , Landgren C. Ola , Block Gladys , Block Torin , Peled Jonathan U. , van den Brink Marcel R.M. , Lesokhin Alexander M.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Sustained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity is associated with long-term survival in multiple myeloma. The gut microbiome is affected by diet, and in turn can modulate host immunity, for example through production of short-chain fatty acids including butyrate. We hypothesized that dietary factors affect the microbiome (abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria or stool butyrate concentration) and may be associated with multiple myeloma outcomes.

Experimental Design:

We examined the relationship of dietary factors (via a food frequency questionnaire), stool metabolites (via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry), and the stool microbiome (via 16S sequencing - ±-diversity and relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria) with sustained MRD negativity (via flow cytometry at two timepoints 1 year apart) in myeloma patients on lenalidomide maintenance. The Healthy Eating Index 2015 score and flavonoid nutrient values were calculated from the food frequency questionnaire. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to evaluate associations with two-sided P < 0.05 considered significant.

Results:

At 3 months, higher stool butyrate concentration (P = 0.037), butyrate producers (P = 0.025), and ±-diversity (P = 0.0035) were associated with sustained MRD negativity. Healthier dietary proteins, (from seafood and plants), correlated with butyrate at 3 months (P = 0.009) and sustained MRD negativity (P = 0.05). Consumption of dietary flavonoids, plant nutrients with antioxidant effects, correlated with stool butyrate concentration (anthocyanidins P = 0.01, flavones P = 0.01, and flavanols P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

This is the first study to demonstrate an association between a plant-based dietary pattern, stool butyrate production, and sustained MRD negativity in multiple myeloma, providing rationale to evaluate a prospective dietary intervention.

Watch the interview with Urvi A. Shah, MD, recipient of the inaugural Clinical Cancer Research Early Career Award: https://vimeo.com/992991936
The Origin of the Phenomenology of Attention
Authors: Byrne Thomas
Published: September 2022

This paper accomplishes two tasks. First, I unpack Husserl’s analysis of interest from his 1893 manuscript, “Notes Towards a Theory of Attention and Interest” to demonstrate that it comprises his first rigorous genetic analysis of attention. Specifically, I explore Husserl’s observations about how attentive interest is passively guided by affections, moods, habits, and cognitive tensions. In doing so, I reveal that the early Husserl described attention as always pulled forward to new discoveries via the rhythmic recurrence of tension and pleasure. Second, I demonstrate that “Notes” is the germ of Husserl’s mature genetic phenomenology of attention. The 1893 analysis provides Husserl with all of the philosophical reasons and tools for the construction of his genetic account of attention in his late works. I then discuss how the disclosure of this novel subterranean link can prompt a rethinking of the development of phenomenology.
Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) X: One new species of Capnogryllacris from Yunnan Province
Authors: ZHANG QIANWEN , YANG TAO , BIAN XUN
Published: September 2022

This paper reports one new species of Capnogryllacris which can be easily recognised by the coloration of the body and the spine of male ninth abdominal tergite. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.
Advancing Interdisciplinary and Convergent Science for Communities: Lessons Learned through the NCAR Early-Career Faculty Innovator Program
Authors: Bukvic Anamaria , Mandli Kyle , Finn Donovan , Mayo Talea , Wong-Parodi Gabrielle , Merdjanoff Alexis , Alland Joshua , Davis Christopher , Haacker Rebecca , Morss Rebecca , O’Lenick Cassandra , Wilhelmi Olga , Lombardozzi Danica
Published: September 2022

The authors introduce the National Center for Atmospheric Research’s Early-Career Faculty Innovator Program and present lessons learned about advancing interdisciplinary and convergent science with and for society. The Innovator Program brings together faculty and students from the social sciences with NCAR researchers to conduct interdisciplinary and convergent research on problems motivated by societal challenges in the face of climate change and environmental hazards. This article discusses aspects of program structure and the research being conducted. The article also emphasizes the challenges and successes of the research collaborations within the Innovator Program, along with lessons learned about engaging in highly interdisciplinary, potentially convergent work, particularly from the early-career perspective. Many projects involve faculty PIs from racially, ethnically, or otherwise minoritized groups, and minority serving institutions (MSIs), or those who engage with marginalized communities. Hence, the Innovator Program is contributing to the development of a growing research community pursuing science with and for society that also broadens participation in research related to the atmospheric sciences.
Incidence of Red Cell Antibody Formation Following Massive Transfusion Protocol: Experience of a Single Institution
Authors: Hairston Hayden C. , Ipe Tina S. , Burdine Lyle , Sexton Kevin , Reif Rebecca , Jensen Hanna , Kalkwarf Kyle J.
Published: September 2022

Background

Injured patients in hemorrhagic shock have a survival benefit with massive transfusion protocol (MTP). While there are many published studies on the transfusion management of massively bleeding patients, the risk of alloimmunization in patients that have received products during an MTP activation is relatively unknown. Therefore, we sought to determine the frequency of new antibody formation in MTP patients that received blood products from an uncrossmatched megapack.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a retrospective data review of patients who underwent an MTP activation for trauma resuscitation between May 2014 and July 2020. Data were collected from patients who met the following criteria: MTP was activated, the patients received at least one unit of packed red blood cells, one unit of fresh frozen plasma, one unit of platelets, and had a repeat type and screen within 6 weeks of transfusion. These inclusion criteria resulted in 28 patients over the 6-year timeframe.

Results

Overall, the risk of alloimmunization secondary to MTP is 3.6% in our trauma patient population. The newly developed antibodies post-MTP are considered clinically significant, meaning they can cause hemolysis if exposed to donor red blood cells containing those antigens.

Discussion

Blood products should be given preferentially over crystalloids to acutely bleeding patients to prevent ischemic injury during an MTP activation despite the risk of alloimmunization. In our single-institution study, the alloimmunization rate in massive transfusions where patients receive uncrossmatched red blood cells is similar to those receiving crossmatched red blood cells.