bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A range-based distributed node localization algorithm inspired by nature
Authors: 曹 群丹 , 余 修武 , 刘 永
Published: June 2024

Wireless sensor network is a distributed communication transmission network in which nodes perceive the environment by transmitting information through atively. The main function of the sensor node is to collect the data information in the surrounding environment. If the location of the node is unknown, the monitored data will lose its meaning. According to whether additional hardware or equipment is needed to assist the positioning process, the positioning can be divided into two types of positioning technology based on ranging algorithm and non-ranging algorithm. Compared with ranging algorithms, non-ranging positioning algorithms have attracted wide attention because they only rely on the connectivity of the whole network, no additional ranging hardware, and high robustness. However, due to its low accuracy and poor stability, improving the performance of non-ranging positioning algorithm has become a hot research topic for scholars. The main purpose of this paper is to improve localization by using a Aersea sheath optimization algorithm. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes a range-free distributed method by applying the sea sheath group algorithm to move the target nodes in the maritime rescue network. The results are compared with existing particle swarm optimization and butterfly optimization algorithms. The localization error of the proposed method is reduced by approximately 10% when compared to and. The proposed algorithm is verified in terms of localization accuracy, localization nodes, localization error and computation time.
Endurance effort affected expression the Actinin 3 and Klotho different isoforms in Arabian horses
Authors: Myćka Grzegorz , Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Cywińska Anna , Stefaniuk-Szmukier Monika
Published: June 2024

Background
Among numerous genes that have been the focus of equine genetic research, the KL (Klotho) and ACTN3 (Alpha-actinin-3) genes stand out due to their significant roles in muscle function and overall health and performance ability. Previous studies on Arabian horses and other mammalians have shown that both KL and ACTN3 occur in different isoforms that seem to have different roles in metabolism.
Methods and Results
In present study the high throughput RNA analyses have been performed on a group of n = 10 Arabian horses taking a part in a long-distance 120km endurance ride. The Fold change (FC) values were calculated to describe the genes expression.
Conclusions
The results have shown surprisingly high differences between different isoforms expression level. Moreover, the correlation network analyses have shown the MIOX, SH3RH2 and TNNI2 genes as significantly involved in endurance effort metabolism.
Estimation of Leaf Wetness Duration Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Silva Karita Almeida , Santos Valter Barbosa dos , Rolim Glauco de Souza , Júnior Newton La Scala
Published: June 2024

The leaf wetness duration (LWD) is one of the most critical parameters related to the infection rate and development of plant diseases, as many pathogens require the presence of free water on plant organs to infect leaf tissue. For this reason, this study evaluated three machine learning models: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), using hourly surface meteorological inputs to estimate LWP. The models were trained and tested using 20 years of meteorological data for seven agricultural locations situated in the southern region of the state of Minas Gerais and the Triângulo Mineiro region. The models were compared with an empirical model based on observed relative humidity (NHUR>90%). The results indicated that machine learning models are capable of estimating LWD; however, among all methods tested, the MLP model demonstrated the best performance, with high accuracy (mean R² = 0.98) and low errors (mean RMSE = 27.6 minutes and mean MAE = 19.8 minutes). The results also showed that the models are sensitive to the study locations, with models for the southern Minas Gerais locations performing better than those for the Triângulo Mineiro region. This discrepancy is due to the lower LWD in the Triângulo Mineiro locations, which were underestimated by the models, resulting in lower performance.
Molecular Characteristics of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strain Isolated from Commercial Foetal Bovine Serum
Authors: Pan Juanjuan , Jiang Jianfeng , Duan Ruli , Dang Yueyi , Yu Weihao , Jianaer Nuoerdun , Chen Xintong , Kuang Ling , Tong Panpan , Mi Shijiang , Xie Jinxin
Published: June 2024

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is commonly detected in biological products such as vaccines and serum. In this study, we have detected BVDV in commercial foetal bovine serum. In order to determine whether the serum contained infectious virus or viral genes, we inoculated the serum sample into MDBK cells. After six passages, results of indirect immunofluorescence assay confirmed that the commercial foetal bovine serum was contaminated with an infectious strain of BVDV, designated as BI-2023. The complete genome sequence of this isolate was 12,273 nt. Subsequent sequence analysis revealed that the 5'UTR genes and the full genome of BI-2023 shared 98% and 94.74% nucleotideidentity, respectively, with the BVDV1b reference strain CC13B. This suggests that BI-2023 represents a new subtype within the BVDV1b lineage. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5'UTR and full genome sequences of BVDVs indicatedthat BI-2023 clusters closely with a known BVDV1blineage. These findings underscore the importance of screening commercial foetal bovine serum for adventitious viruses.
Investigation Studies of Pure and 2, 4, 6 & 8 at.% of Molybdenum Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO, Mo-ZnO) Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Technique for Transparent Conductive Oxides (TCO) Applications
Authors: Nimalan T. , Begam M. Rigana , Arunachalam A. , Govindan E.
Published: June 2024

Pure and molybdenum doped zinc oxide (ZnO, Mo-ZnO) thin films have been deposited on cleaned glass substrate at temperature 450°C using spray pyrolysis technique at different Mo doping (2, 4, 6 & 8 at.% ) concentrations. These films have been analyzed in structural, surface morphological, surface roughness, chemical compositions, optical and electrical studies. Structural analysis in XRD patterns provides that the pure and Mo-ZnO thin films were polycrystalline nature with hexagonal wurtzite structure and has a (0 0 2) plane oriented direction. Surface morphology of the prepared thin films obtained by SEM images provides that the agglomeration of grains with the porous nature which is useful for the photovoltaic applications. AFM observations exposed that the particles size and surface roughness of the prepared films decreased with Mo doping of films increased. Optical measurements indicate that the band gap was decreased with increase in Mo doping and all the prepared films are transparent in visible region, transmission is high for 6 at. % of Mo doped ZnO. The PL studies provides the maximum intensity of UV emission band is 6 at.% Mo content, it shows the improvement of crystallinity. Electrical measurement results provides that the minimum resistivity of 6 at. % of Mo doped film was 1.20 x 10-3Ω cm with increase in the hall mobility, carrier concentration and conductivity. These results make Mo-doped ZnO using a good suitable material for TCO applications.
Hierarchical clustering algorithm based on natural local density peaks
Authors: Cai Fapeng , Feng Ji , Yang Degang , Chen Zhongshang
Published: June 2024

Natural neighbor is known for its ability to adaptively identify the nearest neighbors in a dataset, but it sometimes can not accurately cluster in datasets with density variations. To overcome this drawback, this paper proposes a hierarchical clustering algorithm based on natural local density peaks (HC-NLDP). HC-NLDP mainly consists of partition and merge. Firstly, HC-NLDP searches natural local density peaks to form sub-clusters. This effectively solves the problem that points in low-density regions are difficult to cluster accurately. Secondly, HC-NLDP computes the shared similarity between every pair of sub-clusters. The shared similarity describes the relevance between sub-clusters. When confronted with datasets exhibiting density variations, the shared similarity can ensure that HC-NLDP achieves superior clustering performance. Numerical experiments based on synthetic and real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of HC-NLDP.
Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based software device for detection of intracranial haemorrhage in teleradiology practice
Authors: (Hons) Garry Pettet FRCR MBBS BSc , BSc Julie West , MMST Dennis Robert MBBS , MSc Aneesh Khetani BSc , BSc Shamie Kumar , MTech Satish Golla , MRCS FRCR PGCE Robert Lavis MB ChB (Hons) BSc (Hons)
Published: June 2024

Objectives
Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms have the potential to assist radiologists in the reporting of head CT scans. We investigated the performance of an AI-based software device used in a large teleradiology practice for intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) detection.
Methods
A randomly selected subset of all noncontrast CT head (NCCTH) scans from patients aged ≥ 18 years referred for urgent teleradiology reporting from 44 different hospitals within the UK over a 4-month period was considered for this evaluation. 30 auditing radiologists evaluated the NCCTH scans and the AI output retrospectively. Agreement between AI and auditing radiologists is reported along with failure analysis.
Results
A total of 1315 NCCTH scans from as many distinct patients were evaluated. 112 (8.5%) scans had ICH. Overall agreement, positive percent agreement, negative percent agreement, and Gwet’s AC1 of AI with radiologists were found to be 93.5% (95% CI: 92.1–94.8), 85.7% (77.8–91.6), 94.3% (92.8–95.5) and 0.92 (0.90–0.94) respectively in detecting ICH. 9 out of 16 false negative outcomes were due to missed subarachnoid haemorrhages and these were predominantly subtle haemorrhages. The most common reason for false positive results was due to motion artefacts.
Conclusions
AI demonstrated very good agreement with the radiologists in the detection of ICH.
The role of occupational therapists in return-to-work practice for people with post-COVID condition: A scoping review
Authors: Sy Michael Palapal , Frey Sara , Baldissera Anna , Pineda Roi Charles , Toribio Fides Nadine Raya B.
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the extant literature on the role of occupational therapists for people with post COVID condition returning to work. Specifically, the review described the roles of occupational therapists, identified the professionals occupational therapists work with in this practice setting, and determined whether the concept of return to work is perceived as an outcome or a process.
METHOD. The review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and reported the results using PRISMA extension. A systematic database search was performed in June 2024 and was updated in February 2024 to retrieve literature published from 2021 onwards.
RESULTS. A total of 33 papers from 5,106 records were included. The included records were studies that utilized case quantitative, qualitative, evidence syntheses, mixed method designs, and randomized controlled trial, whereas some were formatted as conference, evaluation, opinion, and short report papers. Occupational therapists have a wide-ranging role from providing clinical assessments and interventions, facilitating and advocating activities to prepare for work participation, and working within teams to both target clinical outcomes and facilitate return to work. To be effective in their role, occupational therapists work interprofessionally within teams composed of health, social, legal and service professionals. The concept of return to work was largely perceived as an outcome of rehabilitation and recovery, and less likely as a dynamic process that bridges patients from the health system to societal integration.
CONCLUSION. Occupational therapists have a crucial role in return-to-work practice especially for people with post COVID condition.
Evaluation eines klinischen Pfades für die laparoskopische Cholezystektomie-Effektiv in der Reduktion von Komplikationen? Eine Propensity-Score Matching Analyse
Authors:   , Pfeiffer Duygu
Published: June 2024

Die klinische Pfade zielten in erster Linie darauf ab, die Aufenthaltsdauer zu verkürzen und unnötige Kosten zu sparen, während die Qualität der Pflege erhalten blieb oder verbessert wurde. Bei der laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie gibt es keine ausreichenden Beweise für einen Einfluss auf postoperative Komplikationen. In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurde die logistische Regression verwendet, um einen Neigungswert zu berechnen, und nach dem Abgleich werden 296 Patienten in beiden Gruppen im Hinblick auf postoperative Komplikationen unter Verwendung des Clavien-Dindo-Klassifizierungssystems als primäres Ziel analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurden sekundäre Ziele wie Aufenthaltsdauer, Einhaltung und Abweichung vom klinischen Pfad in Bezug auf die Entlassung von Patienten analysiert. Das relative Risiko des primären Ergebnisses wurde berechnet und mit dem E-Wert als Ansatz für Sensitivitätstests verglichen. Aufgrund des obligatorischen Teil der klinischen Pfad bei den Patienten betrug die Compliance 100 Prozent. In 16% der Fälle trat eine Abweichung vom Pfad in Bezug auf die geplante Entlassung des Patienten am zweiten Tag nach der Operation auf. Nach Anpassung um potenzielle Faktoren beträgt das relative Risiko beim Vergleich der Clavien-Dindo-Komplikationsbewertung 0 versus 1-4 ist 1,64 (95% CI 0,87; 3,11), was nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ist (p = 0,127). Nach Matching beträgt die Verweildauer 3,69 Tage ohne bzw. 3,26 Tage mit dem klinischen Pfad. Vergleich zu bereits implementierter strukturierter Standardoperationsverfahren kann ein klinischer Pfad postoperative Komplikationen nicht reduzieren. Dennoch betrachten wir unseren klinischen Pfad als ein äußerst wertvolles Instrument für die interdisziplinäre Verwaltung des Krankenhausaufenthalts des Patienten unter der Aufsicht eines erfahrenen Chirurgen.
Graphene derivatives and electrocatalysts as composite electrodes for selective detection of catecholamine neurotransmitters
Authors:   , Luhana Charles Benjamin
Published: June 2024

In this thesis, we investigated the development of electrochemical sensing electrodes based on graphene derivatives and the electrocatalyst composites of metallophthalocyanines and metal oxides towards the selective and sensitive detection of catecholamine neurotransmitters (NTs). The graphene and its derivatives offer excellent electron conductivity and hence their use as base electrode materials. Metallophthalocyanines are N4-macrocyclic metal organic complexes that have structural modification flexible and 18-π electrons with excellent electrocatalytic properties. They can incorporate transition metal ions at the centre of the macrocycle ring, and this further enhances their electrocatalytic activity. Transition metal oxides are of interest as these also offer excellent redox properties and pH sensitivity. A pH sensitive electrochemical sensor based on aminated graphene quantum dots (AmGQDs) and cobalt tetra carboxyphenoxy phthalocyanine (CoTCPhOPc) covalent conjugates onto the pre-grafted isophthalic acid (IPA) gold electrode was fabricated. It displayed excellent analytical performance towards the detection of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NOR) and epinephrine (EP). The electrochemical sensor exhibited good ability to suppress the background current due to ascorbic acid (AA), a major interference in the detection catecholamine NTs. The carboxylic acid functional group of cobalt phthalocyanine induced the pH sensitivity of the thin film and electrostatic repulsion of the negatively charged ascorbate (AA-) anion at physiological pH. In addition, the electrode could screen-off biological molecules in the newborn calf serum as a representative of a real sample. An electrochemically reduced graphene oxide–based cobalt phthalocyanine polymer (polyCoTAPc) composite electrochemical sensor was fabricated on glassy carbon electrode, GCE-ERGO/polyCoTAPc. The GCE-ERGO/polyCoTAPc could detect dopamine and paracetamol simultaneously as co-existing analytes in buffer and synthetic urine samples. We observed, (i) very strong absorption of the materials, (ii) increase in the electrode surface area, (iii) excellent conductivity, and (iv) electrocatalytic activity of the ERGO/polyCoTAPc composite surface. Furthermore, a simple ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor based on nickel hydroxide thin film electrodeposited onto reduced graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide (RGO/MoS2) composite resulted in the electrochemical sensor that can selectively and simultaneously detect ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid. A distinct peak potential separation was observed with excellent electrocatalytic oxidation currents. The electrochemical sensors developed in this work exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and low detection limits suitable for the detection and determination of catecholamine NTs.
Evaluating the efficiency of public expenditure in municipal waste collection: A comparative study of Portuguese municipalities
Authors: de Moraes e Soares Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Effective waste management is fundamental to sustainable development and the well-being of societies. This study focuses on the financial efficiency of urban waste collection in Portuguese municipalities, with the aim to analyze the effects of the allocation of public resources in the waste management sector. The main objective is to analyze the relationship between public spending and waste collection over a five-year period. Through the application of the classic data envelopment analysis model (DEA), the study seeks to observe the existence of benchmarking patterns, identify possible inefficiencies, and determine opportunities for improvement in urban waste management and collection practices. The results suggest substantial variations in waste collection efficiency between municipalities and a positive correlation between public spending and the volume of waste collected. The results emphasize the need for a strategic allocation of financial resources in order to promote sustainable waste management practices. The paper highlights the importance of municipalities reassessing their strategies for allocating financial resources to ensure a better balance between funding and efficiency in the use of resources. The conclusions offer valuable practical implications for defining strategies and managing municipal waste collection services in Portugal and other countries with similar contexts.
AcknowledgmentThis article is financed by Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal [Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal]. 
Domestic Cheese Market as Represented by Leading Cheese-Producing Regions in Central Russia
Authors: Suray Natalya , Mikhalev Alexey , Stolyarova Alla , Chernukhina Galina
Published: June 2024

The Russian market of cheeses and cheese products is rapidly developing. Both federal and regional cheese industries demonstrate a systematic increase in production volumes. This article describes the cheese market in the leading cheese-producing regions of the Central Federal District, as well as outlines some prospects for its development. The authors used official data from the Federal State Statistics Service, the Ministry of Agriculture, and regional departments of agriculture, as well as interviews with experts. Cheese production in Russia is mainly concentrated in regions with their own raw materials, i.e., Central, Volga, and Siberian federal districts. The regions of Moscow, Bryansk, and Voronezh proved to be the leading cheese producers in the Central Federal District in 2018–2023 while the Voronezh region is the leader in terms of milk production in all categories of farms. The largest share belongs to semi-hard cheeses, followed by processed cheeses and soft cheeses. Traditional cheeses are in priority demand. The Moscow region is one of the leaders in annual consumption of cheeses and cheese products, i.e., 7 kg per capita. The analyzed regional cheese markets have great potential, given the capabilities of local producers who are actively introducing the latest production technologies and assortment policies.
Simulation and attribution analysis of runoff–sediment in the Upper Basin of Fenhe River, China
Authors: Liu Jie , Chang Ke , Zhu Xueping , Wang Xueyao , Lin Binbin , Cai Wenjun
Published: June 2024

High-precision simulation of runoff–sediment is a significant challenge due to the combined impacts of climate change and human activities. In this paper, runoff–sediment processes were simulated, and their impact attribution was analyzed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the upper Fenhe River basin of the Loess Plateau, China. A SWAT model was constructed to assess its applicability during the historical baseline period, which reflects low human activity. However, the simulation results for the comprehensive impact period, using the calibrated historical baseline model, were unsatisfactory. Consequently, a method was proposed to enhance the accuracy of simulation results by considering the presence of soil-retaining dams. This method incorporates large and small soil-retaining dams as reservoirs and ponds, respectively, into SWAT. The results indicate that the accuracy of runoff and sediment simulation reaches a satisfactory level. The attribution analysis results show that human activities have a greater impact on runoff and sediment than climate change, with land use change and soil-retaining dams being particularly significant. The construction of soil-retaining dams plays a more significant role in reducing runoff and sediment. These findings provide valuable insights into the management and utilization of runoff and sediment in river basins.
Fenton-reactive groundwater circulation well for groundwater remediation of a toluene-contaminated site
Authors: Yu Biao , Qu Zhihui , Jiang Liuhui , Yuan Haowei , Su Yan , Liu Qian
Published: June 2024

In order to improve the remediation efficiency of the groundwater circulation well (GCW) on toluene-contaminated soil, we used a combination of GCW and Fenton reagent for remediation. Taking a toluene-contaminated site in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, as an example, Fenton reagent with a molar ratio of H2O2/contaminant = 10:1 and H2O2/Fe2+ = 2:1 was added to GCW at an aeration rate of 0.005 m3/s. After 216 h of remediation, the toluene concentrations at the site were reduced to the remediation target values. In this study, the Fenton reagent was rapidly delivered to the influence radius of GCW, which reduced the time required for remediation and provided a new model for the application of GCW.
Scientific substantiation of average annual maximum permissible level of vanadium pentoxide in ambient air as per permissible health risk
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Chetverkina K.V.
Published: June 2024

Relevance of this study is determined by the sanitary-epidemiological legislation of the Russian Federation with stipulated requirements to create hygiene standards for environmental factors ensuring their safety for people. These hygienic standards should guarantee absence of impermissible lifetime health risks. Divanadium pentoxide is a chemical that should be mandatorily regulated in ambient air under long-term exposure due to its wide prevalence and high toxicity. An average annual MPL for divanadium pentoxide was established by using systemic analysis of research literature and regulatory documents. According to selection results, three key epidemiological studies were taken for further analysis. They provided evidence of adverse effects produced by divanadium pentoxide on human health (the respiratory organs in particular) under chronic inhalation exposure. When analyzing a study design, we paid special attention to description of observation groups, values of exposure and nature of its effects, adverse health outcomes caused by exposure to divanadium pentoxide as well as to a type and a value of a point of departure. We calculated a value of the total (complex) uncertainty factor in order to establish an average annual maximum permissible level of the analyzed chemical. As a result, we suggest a scientifically substantiated (among other things, as per permissible health risk levels) average annual maximum permissible level for divanadium pentoxide, which equals 0.0001 mg/m3. This level is safe for human health under lifetime exposure. It is noteworthy that this level corresponds to ‘low uncertainty’, which indicates its high safety for human health.
Interferon Epsilon: Properties and Functions
Authors: Sahebnazar Barsa , Saberynejad Javad , Atashzar Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2024

Interferon epsilon (IFN-ε) belongs to the type I IFN group and exhibits
various biological properties. IFN-ε exhibits different regulation mechanisms and
expression via other type I IFNs. Its hormonal regulation suggests that this INF can
have different functions and pathways from other type I IFNs. Although IFN-ε exhibits
lower antiproliferative, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities compared to IFN-α, it has
been identified to contribute to mucosal immunity, combat bacterial infections, and aid
in the prevention of specific sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV, Zika virus, etc.
IFN-α and IFN-β with their well-established properties have been a research hotspot
for many years; nevertheless, IFN-ε, whose unique roles are only now beginning to
emerge, may be an intriguing subject for future study. This review focuses on the
known activity of IFN-ε in certain cancers, pregnancy, autoimmune diseases, bacterial
infections, and viruses. The aim of this paper is to enhance the understanding of the
potential efficacy of IFN-ε treatment in the future.
Novel Targets for the Development of Tuberculosis Vaccine
Authors: Joshi Rushika , Sheth Devang , Beladiya Jayesh , Patel Chirag , Solanki Nilay , Dalal Mittal , Kyada Ashish , Patel Sandip B.
Published: June 2024

In underdeveloped nations, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major source of morbidity
and mortality. The currently available vaccine against tuberculosis in endemic areas is mainly
ineffective, which triggers the need for a clinically effective vaccine against tuberculosis. In the
present review, we emphasized the impact of genetic variations in the BCG strains, which influence
the efficacy of BCG vaccines. We also discussed the current status of BCG vaccines and
their potential mechanisms on the modulation of B cells and, thereby, humoral immunity, which
trigger immune responses against various intracellular pathogens. Further, we also elaborated upon
the pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy and safety of the vaccines. Moreover,
we also presented the putative novel targets such as polysaccharide-induced antibodies for
the protection against Mtb, PGRS domain as an important target for Humoral immunity, HLA-E
pathway-Target strategy for new TB vaccine, Coronin-1a - Novel player for Mycobacterial survival,
IRGM, IFN-I3, an autophagy inducer with Irgm1 serving as a core part in the Tuberculosis
vaccine development.
Comparison of CT and MRI in the Diagnosis of Liver Tumors: A Retrospective
Case-Control Analysis
Authors: Lu Weijie , Xu Dongyu
Published: June 2024

Objective::

To compare the diagnostic value of multi-slice computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver tumors.

Methods::

Retrospective selection of CT and MRI imaging data from 109 cases of liver tumors treated in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2023. The
selection was determined through pathological examination.

Results::

According to the pathological examination results, 61 cases were benign tumors, and 48 cases were malignant tumors. The hepatic portal flow
(HPF), hepatic artery perfusion index (HPI) and hepatic artery perfusion (HAF) of malignant tumors were significantly lower than in benign
tumors (P<0.05). The signal enhancement ratio of malignant tumors was significantly higher than in benign tumors, and the peak time was
significantly lower than in benign tumors (P<0.05). The sensitivity (97.92%) and accuracy (97.25%) of the combined examination were
significantly higher than those of MRI (83.33%, 90.83%) or CT alone (81.25%, 88.99%) (P<0.05).

Conclusion::

CT and MRI have high application value in the diagnosis and evaluation of liver tumors, and the combination of these two methods can further
improve diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, providing an objective reference for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.
An Overview of the Pharmacological Activities and Synthesis of Benzothiophene Derivatives
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Singh Ansh Pratap , Sharma Richa , Pandey Rahul
Published: June 2024

:

One important class of organic compounds having many uses, especially in medical
chemistry, is benzothiophene and its derivatives. This review examines the biological activity of
benzothiophene derivatives and summarizes the synthetic methods used in their production. The
effectiveness of several synthetic pathways, such as cyclization techniques, functional group modifications,
and reactions catalyzed by transition metals, in gaining access to benzothiophene scaffolds
has been examined. Additionally, a broad spectrum of therapeutic domains, such as antiinflammatory,
antibacterial, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-leishmanial, antifungal,
antimalarial, and antitubercular activities, are covered by the pharmacological activities that are
being explored. The synthesis and pharmacological potential of benzothiophene derivatives are
well-explained in this thorough review, which opens up new options for medicinal chemistry and
drug discovery study. Overall, this study is a useful resource for scientists working on drug development
and discovery as it sheds light on the pharmacological potential of benzothiophene derivatives.
This review includes the synthesis and bioactivities of the years 2002-2024. The goal of this
review is to compile the existing information on benzothiophene derivatives and provide guidance
for future research and development as well as insights into their possible medicinal uses.
Nanosphere Precision: Emulsomes Revolutionizing Cancer Targeted Therapy
Authors: Dheek Meghna , Chauhan Shikha Baghel , Singh Indu
Published: June 2024

Emulsomes have gained attention because they are a novel lipoidal vesicular system that
has an internal solid fat core surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer. Cancer is a complex and broad
term that refers to a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal
cells in the body. In the context of cancer targeting, emulsomes have shown promising potential
due to their ability to improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of anticancer drugs, leading
to enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity.
This article addresses emulsomal composition, preparation techniques, and different kinds of emulsomes
loaded with drugs like fluvastatin and raloxifene hydrochloride to target cancer cells. The use
of emulsomes in cancer targeting holds great promise for improving the precision, efficacy, and safety
of cancer treatments.
A comprehensive search of relevant scientific literature was performed. This involved searching databases
such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and others to identify relevant studies, articles,
and reviews related to the topic.
Emulsomes loaded with specific drugs show promising results in cancer treatment. Examples include
piceatannol-loaded emulsomes for colon cancer, raloxifene hydrochloride-loaded emulsomes for
breast cancer, and fluvastatin-loaded emulsomes for prostate cancer.
Emulsomes represent a cutting-edge approach to cancer drug delivery, offering a versatile and effective
solution to address challenges associated with traditional anticancer formulations. Ongoing research
holds promise for the continued development of personalized cancer therapy.
An Experimental Study on Compressive Properties of Composite Fiber
Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Li Jianhua , Xu Xueyong , Wang Jianxiang
Published: June 2024

Background:

The production process of Portland cement (OPC) consumes
energy and releases carbon dioxide, which affects the environment. It has been found
that geopolymer cementing material is a better substitute for it. The strength effect of
fiber on geopolymer materials is the basis of the application of fiber geopolymer concrete in structural beams, slabs, and other components.

Methods:

Geopolymer concrete was prepared with fly ash, slag, and water glass as
the main raw materials, and the effects of fiber type, quality, and blending method on
the compressive properties and elastic modulus of geopolymer concrete were compared to explore the working mechanism of fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete.

Results:

Through experimental research, the results showed that in 0.2% flocculent
lignin fibers, when the mass ratio of carbon fibers was increased, the strength of the
geopolymer concrete decreased. Due to the increased mass ratio of wavy steel fibers,
comprising 0.2% flocculent lignin fibers, the strength enhancement effect was not
apparent. Moreover, with regard to enhancing the modulus of elasticity of geopolymer concrete, blending fibers exerted the most significant effect. The fiber was added
to geopolymer concrete to form a three-dimensional supporting frame system. When
cracks occurred under the action of force, the development of cracks was limited due
to the fibers, and the bonding slip delayed the propagation of cracks. The composite
fiber could make full use of the advantages of each material and improve the strength
of geopolymer concrete.

Conclusion:

The compressive properties of geopolymer concrete could be enhanced
by blending single-fiber or mix-fibers, and the effect of mix-fibers was more optimal
than that of others. The above research results provide a theoretical reference for the
design of geopolymer concrete and a theoretical basis for the application of fiber geopolymer concrete in structural beams, slabs, and other components.
A Systematic Review on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Assisted Drug & Vaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Singha Vishal , Ghosh Suvendu , Singha Partha Sarathi , Datta Sutapa , Ghosh Debosree
Published: June 2024

Background:

Adaptation and application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology for the
development of drugs against the deadly and continuously mutating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has been extremely beneficial, cost-effective, and time
saving for the scientific community. A systematic review is necessary for complete picturization of
the overall AI assistance in developing drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic analysis and review of the research literature available on the
application of AI in the development of drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 from various
online platforms has been performed, and relevant full papers have been selected on certain selection
criteria and have been used for this review.

Results:

Utilization of AI tools has enabled the selection, modification, evaluation, and prediction of
the effectiveness of drug formulations against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a very rapid and
efficient manner. Vaccine development against the deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus has also been aided
and benefited immensely by using AI tools and techniques.

Discussion:

Thousands of studies regarding the development of effective drugs and vaccines against
the constantly evolving, mutating, and prevailing SARS-CoV-2 virus have been conducted, and several
thousands are still being conducted around the world.

Conclusion:

AI is a powerful tool, and its application has been highly beneficial in developing effective
drugs and vaccines against the deadly SARS-CoV-2 in a cost-effective and time-effective frame.
This systematic review briefs the findings and achievements till the date of writing this article in the
field of AI-assisted drug and vaccine development against COVID-19.
Data Recovery from Water-damaged Android Phones
Authors: Vishnoi Ankit , Sapra Varun
Published: June 2024

Mobile phones can occasionally be damaged by water, but forensics
professionals can frequently still recover the evidence. The efficacy of various forensic
techniques has been examined in this chapter. We use hardware and software tools to
gain direct access to the phone's memory chips since a damaged phone might not be
powered on and the data port might not function. These include hacking instruments,
the ones that may be used to retrieve data from mobile devices. The chapter discusses
strategies that apply to Android mobile devices. Additionally, the study only explored
techniques for accessing data—not for decrypting it. Mobile devices can sustain water
damage as a result of inadvertent exposure to water or deliberate attempts to remove
forensic evidence. Traditionally, chip-off analysis has been chosen as a successful data
recovery technique for damaged devices, particularly those that have been waterdamaged. In this essay, we investigate what transpires inside portable electronics when
they are submerged in water. The likelihood of successfully conducting forensic data
recovery on a water-damaged mobile device is high if the right steps are taken and the
relevant processes are followed. This chapter discusses common water damage
diagnoses as well as efficient restoration techniques.
Analysis of Public Service Innovation Based on JAKI Application in Realizing the New Public Service
Authors:   Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Riani Ni Wayan , Wijaya Komang Adi Sastra , Yudartha I Putu Dharmanu , Savitri Renny ,   Badan Riset & Inovasi Nasional
Published: June 2024

The existence of technology is positive side for the government in managing public services to create services that are effective, efficient, transparent and able to involve the community. The implementation of new public services in local government is manifested by public service innovations that utilize technology. One application is the JAKI application which is used as a public service application in DKI Jakarta Province. This research uses qualitative research with an exploratory approach. Viewed from the perspective of the new public service, it has met the indicators; serve citizens, not customers; seek the public interest; value citizenship over entrepreneurship; recognize that accountability isn't simple; serve rather than steer; value people, not just productivity. In realizing the new public service in the JAKI application based public service, several problems were encountered. In this case, the government needs to pay more attention to strategic steps in popularizing the JAKI application.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Dewan Terhadap Kualitas Pelaporan Keberlanjutan Perusahaan di Industri Sumber Daya Alam di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Noor William Wahyu Wicaksono Ramadhanta , Kurniadi Nicholas , Gunawan Vania Pradipta , Ludji Theodorus Radja
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe natural resource industry is known for its environmental issues, making it needs to establish legitimacy. Sustainability reports can be a tool for companies in this industry to communicate their sustainability efforts and gain legitimacy. This study aims to examine the influence of board characteristics on the quality of sustainability reporting. Content analysis techniques and multiple regression with fixed effect models were used to analyze 92 publicly listed companies from the natural resources industry in Indonesia in 2016-2021 as samples. Results of this study show that the independence of the board of commissioners has a negative effect on the quality of sustainability reporting. On the other hand, the accounting and/or financial experience of the board of directors has a positive impact on sustainability reporting quality. Therefore, investors should not appoint board members merely for complying with regulations, but rather appoint members who have proper experience that can effectively support the company’s sustainability initiatives.Keywords: Natural resources, Legitimacy, Sustainability report, Board CharacteristicsABSTRAKIndustri sumber daya alam identik dengan isu lingkungan, sehingga perlu menetapkan legitimasinya. Laporan keberlanjutan dapat menjadi sarana bagi perusahaan di industri ini untuk mengkomunikasikan usaha keberlanjutan mereka serta memperoleh legitimasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh karakteristik dewan terhadap kualitas pelaporan keberlanjutan. Teknik content analysis dan regresi berganda model fixed effect digunakan untuk menganalisis 92 perusahaan terbuka di industri sumber daya alam di Indonesia pada tahun 2016-2021 sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa independensi dewan komisaris berpengaruh negatif terhadap kualitas pelaporan keberlanjutan. Di sisi lain, pengalaman akuntansi dan/atau keuangan dewan direksi berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas pelaporan keberlanjutan. Oleh sebab itu, investor sebaiknya tidak mengangkat anggota dewan hanya sekedar untuk memenuhi regulasi, namun perlu mengangkat anggota yang mempunyai pengalaman memadai yang dapat secara efektif mendukung inisiatif keberlanjutan perusahaan.Kata Kunci: Sumber daya alam, Legitimasi, Laporan keberlanjutan, Karakteristik dewan
Pengaruh Perencanaan Pajak, Penghindaran Pajak dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Hardianti Rafika , Yuniati Yuniati , Kodariah Siti
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of tax planning, tax avoidance and corporate governance on firm value of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange’s consumer products sector list in period 2016-2021. This study’s sampling strategy makes use of a purposive sample that 22 companies provided. Multiple linear regression analysis is the model analysis used in this study. There is a quantitative research method being applied. The result show that tax planning and corporate governance has positive significant effect on firm value, firm value is not significantly impact by tax avoidance and firm value is significantly impacted by tax planning, tax avoidance and corporate governance all at the same time. Companies that carry out efficient tax planning, appropriate tax avoidance and good corporate governance will produce high company profits so that the value of the company will increase.Keywords: Tax Planning, Tax Avoidance, Corporate Governance, Firm ValueABSTRAKPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat pengaruh perencanaan pajak, penghindaran pajak dan corporate governance terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2016-2021. Teknik pengumpulan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 22 perusahaan. Model analisis ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pajak dan corporate governance memiliki pengaruh positif pada nilai perusahaan, penghindaran pajak tidak memiliki pengaruh pada nilai perusahaan dan secara simultan perencanaan pajak, penghindaran pajak dan corporate governance memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada nilai perusahaan. Perusahaan yang melakukan perencanaan pajak yang efisien, penghindaran pajak yang tepat dan corporate governance yang baik akan menghasilkan laba perusahaan yang tinggi sehingga nilai perusahaan akan meningkat.Kata Kunci: Perencanaan Pajak, Penghindaran Pajak, Corporate Governance, Nilai Perusahaan
Analysis of Financial Distress Predictions Using Altman, Zavgren, Fulmer, Ohlson, Taffler, and Ca-Score Models as Early Warning Systems in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Dukalang Erfina , Zamzam Irfan , Abu Zulkifli
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis research aims to analyze the application of the Altman, Zavgren, Fulmer, Ohlson, Taffler, and CA-Score models as early warning systems, as well as the differences in the ability of the accuracy level of the six early warning system models to predict financial distress and which of the six prediction models is most accurate and is most accurate in predicting financial distress. The sampling technique in this research was with purposive sampling criteria. The analysis technique is to use financial distress prediction models. The results showed that the highest and most reliable method for forecasting financial trouble in this research was the CA-Score model which had an accuracy rate of 97.14% and error type II of 2.86%. compared to Altman, Zavgren, Ohlson, Taffler, and CA-Score models. Then, followed by the Ohlson model whose accuracy rate is 94.29% and error type II of 5.71%.Keywords: Financial Distress, Altman, Zavgren, Fulmer, Ohlson, Taffler, CA-ScoreABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan model Altman, Zavgren, Fulmer, Ohlson, Taffler, dan CA-Score sebagai early warning system, serta adanya perbedaan kemampuan tingkat akurasi dari keenam model early warning system dalam memprediksi financial distress dan manakah diantara enam model prediksi yang mempunyai tingkat akurasi tertinggi dan paling akurat dalam memprediksi financial distress. Teknik menentukan sampel pada penelitian ini dengan kriteria purposive sampling. Teknik analisis ialah menggunakan model-model prediksi financial distress. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kalau model tertinggi dan sangat akurat dalam memprediksi financial distress untuk studi penelitian ini adalah model CA-Score yang tingkat akurasi sebesar 97,14% dan tipe error II sebesar 2,86%. dibandingkan model Altman, Zavgren, Ohlson, Taffler, dan CA-Score. Kemudian, diikuti model Ohlson dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 94,29% dan tipe error II sebesar 5,71%.Kata Kunci: Financial Distress, Altman, Zavgren, Fulmer, Ohlson, Taffler, CA-Score