bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table from Molecular Characterization and Prospective Evaluation of Pathologic Response and Outcomes with Neoadjuvant Therapy in Metaplastic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Yam Clinton , Abuhadra Nour , Sun Ryan , Adrada Beatriz E. , Ding Qing-Qing , White Jason B. , Ravenberg Elizabeth E. , Clayborn Alyson R. , Valero Vicente , Tripathy Debu , Damodaran Senthilkumar , Arun Banu K. , Litton Jennifer K. , Ueno Naoto T. , Murthy Rashmi K. , Lim Bora , Baez Luis , Li Xiaoxian , Buzdar Aman U. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Thompson Alistair M. , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Rauch Gaiane M. , Candelaria Rosalind P. , Huo Lei , Moulder Stacy L. , Chang Jeffrey T.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table from Molecular Characterization and Prospective Evaluation of Pathologic Response and Outcomes with Neoadjuvant Therapy in Metaplastic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Supplementary Data from Adding Umbralisib and Ublituximab (U2) to Ibrutinib in Patients with CLL: A Phase II Study of an MRD-Driven Approach
Authors: Roeker Lindsey E. , Feldman Tatyana A. , Soumerai Jacob D. , Falco Victoria , Panton Gail , Dorsey Colleen , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Falchi Lorenzo , Park Jae H. , Straus David J. , Pena Velasquez Camila , Lebowitz Sonia , Fox Yehudit , Battiato Kristen , Laudati Carissa , Thompson Meghan C. , McCarthy Elizabeth , Kdiry Sabrina , Martignetti Rosalba , Turpuseema Teja , Purdom Michelle , Paskalis Dana , Miskin Hari P. , Sportelli Peter , Leslie Lori A. , Mato Anthony R.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Data from Adding Umbralisib and Ublituximab (U2) to Ibrutinib in Patients with CLL: A Phase II Study of an MRD-Driven Approach
Supplementary Data from A Phase Ib/II Randomized Study of RO4929097, a Gamma-Secretase or Notch Inhibitor with or without Vismodegib, a Hedgehog Inhibitor, in Advanced Sarcoma
Authors: Gounder Mrinal M. , Rosenbaum Evan , Wu Nian , Dickson Mark A. , Sheikh Tahir N. , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Chi Ping , Keohan Mary Lou , Erinjeri Joseph P. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Agaram Narasimhan , Hameed Meera R. , Martindale Moriah , Lefkowitz Robert A. , Crago Aimee M. , Singer Sam , Tap William D. , Takebe Naoko , Qin Li-Xuan , Schwartz Gary K.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Data from A Phase Ib/II Randomized Study of RO4929097, a Gamma-Secretase or Notch Inhibitor with or without Vismodegib, a Hedgehog Inhibitor, in Advanced Sarcoma
Supplementary Figure 1 from Combination Nivolumab, CD137 Agonism, and Adoptive Cell Therapy with Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Hall MacLean S. , Mullinax John E. , Cox Cheryl A. , Hall Amy M. , Beatty Matthew S. , Blauvelt Jamie , Innamarato Patrick , Nagle Luz , Branthoover Holly , Wiener Doris , Schachner Benjamin , Martinez Alberto J. , Richards Allison D. , Rich Carolyn J. , Colón Colón Marjorie , Schell Michael J. , Teer Jamie K. , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Weber Jeffrey S. , Mulé James J. , Sondak Vernon K. , Pilon-Thomas Shari , Sarnaik Amod A.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 shows that central memory T cells were increase in the CD8+ TIL compartment of responders.
Supplementary Tables S1-S3 from Mechanisms of MCL-1 Protein Stability Induced by MCL-1 Antagonists in B-Cell Malignancies
Authors: Tantawy Shady I. , Sarkar Aloke , Hubner Stefan , Tan Zhi , Wierda William G. , Eldeib Abdelraouf , Zhang Shuxing , Kornblau Steven , Gandhi Varsha
Published: April 2023

Supplemental Table S1- CLL Patient CharacteristicsSupplemental Table S2. Name and source of antibodiesSupplemental Table 3 - RT-PCR Primers
Supplementary Table S1 from Lisaftoclax in Combination with Alrizomadlin Overcomes Venetoclax Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Preclinical Studies
Authors: Zhai Yifan , Tang Qiuqiong , Fang Douglas D. , Deng Jing , Zhang Kaixiang , Wang Qixin , Yin Yan , Fu Chengcheng , Xue Sheng-Li , Li Na , Zhou Feng , Yang Dajun
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 1. Clinical characteristics of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.
Voltage and frequency stabilization by fuzzy integrated droop control of a multi renewable source micro grid
Authors: Swathi Savitri , Suresh Kumar Bhaskaruni , Upendar Jalla
Published: April 2023

A multi renewable source micro-grid system has many power quality issues when it is operated in grid islanding condition. During grid connected mode the voltage and frequency of the system will remain stable for small disturbances like load changes or environmental changes. During these sudden variations in the system, the grid supports the load maintaining the system stable. In this paper a droop control is introduced for the renewable source module 3-ph inverter during standalone mode supporting the load. For detection of grid islanding, an active islanding detection control is adopted which makes the 3-ph inverter to shift from synchronous reference frame (SRF) control to droop control. The performance of the droop control is improvised with fuzzy interference structure (FIS) module replacing the conventional proportional integral and derivative (PID) control. A comparative analysis is done in this paper with different controllers in droop control scheme using matrix laboratory (MATLAB) Simulink software. Stability analysis is carried out on the system determining the voltage and frequency fluctuations during grid disturbances. There is an improvement in load compensation, voltage ripple, voltage magnitude, frequency ripple and settling time with the introduced fuzzy droop controller.
A novel multiple access communication protocol for LoRa networks without LoraWAN
Authors: Prasetyo Jeremiah , Musayyanah Musayyanah , Jusak Jusak
Published: April 2023

Current studies predict there will be approximately 75 billion internet of things (IoT) devices connected to the internet by 2025. Such enormous IoT networks will require efficient communications systems to support those networks running well. We consider one of the emerging communications technologies that is widely used for wireless wide-area network, i.e., long range (LoRa). By default, LoRa wide area networking (LoRaWAN) has been equipped with a medium access control (MAC) protocol, however, several studies showed that LoRaWAN might not be the most excellent choice for certain applications of low-power wide area network, for example, peer-to-peer and mesh networks. In this work, we propose an application layer LoRa multi-communication (LMC) protocol to resolve multiple access problems in LoRa networks without employing LoRaWAN. The algorithm was embedded and tested on energy-constraint devices as building blocks of most IoT systems. Our examination in a controlled environment showed that the proposed algorithm achieved 94% averaged packet reception ratio (PRR) and 33.3 hours longer averaged battery lifetime compared to the default operation (without LMC algorithm) of LoRa networks. The proposed algorithm also introduced longer averaged time on air (ToA) compared to the default LoRa network mainly due to its best-effort service scenario applied to the proposed algorithm.
Optimal sensor location for adaptive control system in tropical smart greenhouse
Authors: Laumal Folkes Eduard , Suhardiyanto Herry , Solahudin Mohamad , Widodo Slamet
Published: April 2023

The uniform control in greenhouse with technology capabilities is seemingly still difficult to be obtained due to the accuracy uncertainty of the data in certain locations. Considering this case, it is highly necessary to choose the right location for the sensor installation. This study aimed to determine sensor placement locations to support precision control activities, using an arch-type smart greenhouse measuring 8×24 m2 as the research location. Air temperature was calculated from 12 locations and analyzed for all possible combinations to designate the best sensor point according to the number of sensors. The analysis was conducted using the error-based method to ascertain the number and location of sensors that represent the smart greenhouse. The best location and number of sensors are identified with performance value under 10% and recommended for developing an adaptive control system.
A comparison of the performance of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector protocol in the urban and highway environment
Authors: Mezher Ahmed Eskander , AbdulRazzaq Atheer Akram , Hasoun Rajaa Kadhom
Published: April 2023

In recent years, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has received great attention, as it is involved in the design of the intelligent transportation system (ITS). The VANET network includes message flows from vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) where the network is propped by wireless communication technology, such as IEEE 1609 WAVE and IEEE 802.11P. The VANET network implementation faces challenges, and one of these challenges is the design of routing protocols that transfer reliable and efficient packets from vehicle to vehicle. In VANET, steering is a challenging task in the highway and urban environment. Therefore, this paper presents an assessment of ad hoc on-demand distance vector protocol (AODV) performance in the highway and urban environment and to study the effect of vehicle density on protocol performance. The AODV protocol was simulated by MATLAB. In this study, the performance of AODV protocol was evaluated through four measures, namely, packet delivery ratio (PDR), overhead, end-to-end (E2E) delay, and dropped packets. The study in our paper showed that the best performance of the AODV protocol is in an environment where vehicle speed and vehicle density are low.
Development and evaluation of a didactic tool with augmented reality for Quechua language learning in preschoolers
Authors: Zapata-Paulini Joselyn , Beltozar-Clemente Saul , Sierra-Liñan Fernando , Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael
Published: April 2023

It is important to preserve our cultural identity through the preservation of our mother tongue, contributing to its dissemination. Augmented reality (AR) is a great ally of education that provides efficiency, and productivity and increases the interest of students in their academic activities. An AR application was developed for learning Quechua in preschool children, thus improving their learning, satisfaction, and preference compared to traditional teaching. Previously, learning styles were identified for better coverage of the application; the design thinking methodology was applied for the development of the application, then the respective tests were conducted where it was obtained that the children's performance improved by 28.3% more compared to traditional teaching, with an average satisfaction of 89% of the classrooms, and 81% of students' preference. It was concluded that the proposed application considerably favors the written and audiovisual learning of the Quechua language in preschool students.
A novel hybrid feature extraction and ensemble C3D classification for anomaly detection in surveillance videos
Authors: Thotakura Vishnu Priya , Nalluri Purnachand
Published: April 2023

Anomaly detection in several deep learning frameworks are recently presented on real-time video databases as a challenging task. However, these frameworks have high false positive rate (FPR) and error rate due to various backgrounds, motion appearance and semantic high-level and low-level features for anomaly detection through action classification. Also, extraction of features and classification are the major problems in traditional convolution neural network (CNN) on real-time video databases. The proposed work is a novel action classification framework which is designed and implemented on large video databases with high true positive rate (TPR) and error rate. In this framework, Kalman based incremental principal component analysis (IPCA) feature extraction method; C3D and non-linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier are used to improve the action prediction (anomaly detection) on the large real-time video databases. The proposed frame work shown new results of high computation performance than the traditional deep learning frameworks for action classification.
Parallel processing of E-Atheer algorithm using pthread paradigm
Authors: AbdulRazzaq Atheer Akram , Fadhel Mohammed A. , Alzubaidi Laith , Al-Shamma Omran
Published: April 2023

The development in the field of computer technology, and the increase in the growth rate of database, alongside the extraction of certain data from a huge pool of database involve intricate and complex processes. The processes comprise text mining, pattern recognition, retrieval of information and text processing. Thus, the need for enhancing the performance of string matching algorithms is required, which is considered as one of the challenges to the researchers. Consequently, one of the resolution to address this problem is the parallelization for exact string matching algorithms. In this study, we implemented the parallel exact string matching algorithm termed as E-Atheer with multi-core processing utilizing Pthread (POSIX) for the reduction of time consumption. The Pitch, XML, Protein, and DNA database types are utilized to test the impact of the proposed parallel algorithm. The parallelization algorithm obtained positive results in the parallel execution time, and a more superior expediting capabilities, in comparison to the sequential result. The Pitch database indicated optimal results in parallel execution time, and when utilizing long and short pattern lengths. The DNA database indicated optimal speedup performance when utilizing short and long pattern length, meanwhile the XML and Protein on the other hand indicated the worst results.
Model-driven architecture: generating models from Symfony framework
Authors: Rahmouni M'hamed , Talbi Chaymae , Ziti Soumia
Published: April 2023

The web application development industry is constantly growing due to the extensive use of web applications in different devices, most of them run on Android, iOS, and Windows Phone operating systems. However, the development of applications designed for platforms requires more concerns such as code efficiency, interaction with devices, and speed of market penetration. The model-driven approach (MDA) combined with unified modeling language (UML) could provide abstraction and automation for software developers. This paper presents an MDA approach for the development of web applications based on the Symfony framework, UML modeling, model transformation, and then automatic code generation in order to facilitate and accelerate the development of web applications. The first step of this work is to establish the metamodel of Symfony framework and the metamodel of UML class diagram. In the second step, the various transformation rules between the source and target metamodels are first defined. Atlas transformation language (ATL) implements these rules. The result of this transformation is a platform-specific model (PSM) represented by Ecore language. The generated PSM model represents the input model of model-to-code (M2C) transformation for generating the code of web applications. To validate this work, we have implemented a case study.
Image encryption based on combined between linear feedback shift registers and 3D chaotic maps
Authors: Allawi Salah Taha , Mustafa Nada Abdul Aziz
Published: April 2023

Protecting information sent through insecure internet channels is a significant challenge facing researchers. In this paper, we present a novel method for image data encryption that combines chaotic maps with linear feedback shift registers in two stages. In the first stage, the image is divided into two parts. Then, the locations of the pixels of each part are redistributed through the random numbers key, which is generated using linear feedback shift registers. The second stage includes segmenting the image into the three primary colors red, green, and blue (RGB); then, the data for each color is encrypted through one of three keys that are generated using three-dimensional chaotic maps. Many statistical tests (entropy, peak signal-noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE) and correlation) were conducted on a group of images to determine the strength and efficiency of the proposed method, and the result proves that the proposed method provided a good level of safety. The obtained results were compared with those of other methods, and the result of comparing confirms the superiority of the proposed method.
Classification of medical X-ray images using supervised and unsupervised learning approaches
Authors: Battur Ranjana , Narayana Jagadisha
Published: April 2023

Most of the traditional approaches for medical image storage are least capable and scanning of relevant matching images are quite difficult. The existing approaches of content-based image retrieval (C-BIR) are less focused with medical images. The available research works with fuzzy logic approaches are very less and not efficient for medical image retrieval. Thus, there is a need of research work that can address both supervised and unsupervised learning approaches for medical image retrieval. Hence, the C-BIR technique is evolved with overcoming above stated concerns. Hence, this manuscript introduces two different C-BIR techniques using a support vector machine (SVM) and a fuzzy logic-based approach for classification. These approaches work on the classification based on feature extraction, region of Interest (ROI), corner detection, and similarity matching. The proposed approach has been analyzed for image retrieval for accuracy. The outcomes of the proposed study enhance the classification performances with retrieval than existing techniques of C-BIR.
Principal component analysis in the epidemiology of diarrhoea in calves
Authors: Kadyrov Ablaikhan , Ussenbayev Altay , Kurenkeyeva Dariyash , Kurenkey Berdaly , Abdrakhmanov Sarsenbay , Tashatov Nurlan
Published: April 2023

The paper is the first to use principal component analysis (PCA) in veterinary epidemiology and aims to identify the most significant agents of diarrhoea in calves. Data were collected from 245 calves on 32 farms within 13 districts of Northern Kazakhstan. Epidemiological data were simulated in R, using standard PCA modules. The data clustering was carried out based on the prevalence of seven enteropathogens for an age group dataset (represented by four animal groups) and a farm type dataset (by three farm types depending on herd size). The simulation revealed that the components identified here for one and two-week calves explained 91.31% of the variance. The first two components of large and middle-sized farms covered 90.3% of the variance. The coordinates corresponding to pathogens were approximately visualised in directions of eigenvectors for each age group and farm type. The coordinate for Cryptosporidium parvum was in directions of eigenvectors for one-to three-week calves and large farms. The coordinate for rotaviruses was in the direction of eigenvectors for four-week calves and medium-sized and small farms. So, PCA can potentially be useful in the clustering of epidemiological datasets and making decisions on control of infectious diseases with a multi-pathogenic nature.
Cluster-based denoising autoencoders for rate prediction recommender systems
Authors: Al-Asadi Ammar Abdulsalam , Jasim Mahdi Nsaif
Published: April 2023

Recommender system (RS) is a suitable tool for filtering out items and providing the most relevant and suitable items to each user, based on their individual preferences. Deep learning algorithms achieve great success in several fields including RS. The issue with deep learning-based RS models is that, they ignore the differences of users’ preferences, and they build a model based on all the users’ rates. This paper proposed an optimized clustering-based denoising autoencoder model (OCB-DAE) which trains multiple models instead of one, based on users’ preferences using k-means algorithm combined with a nature-inspired algorithm (NIA) such as artificial fish swarm algorithm to determine the optimal initial centroids to cluster the users based on their similar preferences, and each cluster trains its own denoising autoencoder (DAE) model. The results proved that combining NIA with k-means gives better clustering results comparing with using k-means alone. OCB-DAE was trained and tested with MovieLens 1M dataset where 80% of it is used for training and 20% for testing. Root mean squared error (RMSE) score was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model which was 0.618. It outperformed the other models that use autoencoder and denoising autoencoder without clustering with 38.5% and 29.5% respectively.
Malicious attacks modelling: a prevention approach for ad hoc network security
Authors: Talib Hasanien Ali , Alothman Raya Basil , Mohammed Mazin S.
Published: April 2023

As a result of the expansions that have taken place in the field of networking and the increase in the number of users of networks, there have recently been breakthroughs made in the techniques and methods used for network security. In this paper, a virtual private network (VPN) is proposed as a means of providing the necessary level of security for particular connections that span across vast networks. After the network performance metrics such as time delay and throughput have been accomplished, the suggested VPN is recommended for the purpose of assuring network security. In addition, artificial intelligence attack predictors and virtual private networks have been implemented with the purpose of preventing harmful activity within such connections. Using a wide variety of machine learning methods like Random Forests and Nave Bays, malicious assaults of any kind can be identified and thwarted in their tracks. Another technique for anticipating attacks is the use of an artificial neural network, which is a type of system that engages in deep learning and learns the behaviors of attacks while it is being trained so that it can then predict attacks. The results of this study demonstrate that the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques can significantly improve the security and performance of virtual private networks and can effectively identify and prevent malicious attacks on networks.
RESULTS OF TESTING OF SPRING RAPESEED HYBRIDS OF KWS COMPANY IN SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Suleymanov Salavat , Safiollin Faik
Published: April 2023

The research was carried out to study the productivity and adaptability of hybrids of spring rapeseed KWS Ethnos KL, Jazz KWS, Joshua KWS, Jungle KWS, KWS Jarus, Jerome on gray forest soils of the Republic of Tatarstan. Field experiments were carried out in 2021-2022 on the basis of Agrobiotechnopark LLC (Narmonka village, Laishevsky municipal District of the Republic of Tatarstan), laboratory analyses were carried out at the Agroecological Research Center of the Kazan State Agrarian University. According to the research results, it was found that according to the field germination of 6 compared variants of spring rapeseed, the hybrid Dnarus differed (field germination - 74%), this variant also had the highest seedling growth rate – 0.18 g/plant. In terms of resistance to pests and diseases, the hybrids Jarus and Jazz differed. Thus, according to these variants, the total number of affected plants from the total number of seedlings was minimal and amounted to 30.8 and 31.5%, respectively. On the same variants, there was maximum safety (38.4 and 36.5 pcs. m2) and plant height (128 and 119 cm). The formation of tall hybrids of Jarus and Jazz contributed to a decrease in the contamination of crops. In these variants, there was a minimum number of weeds – 7.6 and 7.9 pcs/m2, respectively. When analyzing the structure of the crop, the maximum indicators for all studied parameters were also in the hybrids Jarus and Jas, which ultimately contributed to the formation of maximum yields – 4.11 and 3.61 t/ha, respectively, for hybrids.
SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN BEEKEEPING
Authors: Loginov Nikolay , Sochneva Svetlana , Trofimov Nikolay
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the modern application of digital technologies in the monitoring and protection of bees. Traditional beekeeping is faced with a number of issues of conservation from the negative impact of chemicals. The use of chemical preparations for plant growth in crop production has a detrimental effect on them. Today, a large number of agricultural holdings use chemicals in agriculture and forestry, while not coordinating the processing rules in the vicinity of apiaries. On the basis of the adopted Federal Law of December 30, 2020 N 490-FZ (as amended on June 11, 2021) "On beekeeping in the Russian Federation". According to the rules, agricultural enterprises and organizations, as a result of the use of chemicals for the treatment of honey plants, are obliged to notify enterprises, institutions, organizations and beekeepers that have apiaries within a radius of up to 7 km from the treated areas in writing or through the local press 5 days before the start of work. , report on the drug used, its toxicity and the timing of isolation. But due to the fact that there is no consistency between agricultural enterprises and apiary farms, it becomes necessary to use a modern digital service to timely identify and prevent the causes of bee death. Considering the traditional maintenance of bee colonies, the article provides the use of modern digital technologies to protect bees from external climatic and internal factors of keeping bee colonies. Based on the results of the data obtained, it is proposed to use analytical data for the timely resolution of life support issues for bee colonies. At the same time, a system of digital service for monitoring and controlling bee colonies is being considered, and the use of a digital service in beekeeping is being carried out: a smart hive, digital beekeeper programs.
April 2023 Medical Image of the Month: Atrial Myxoma in the setting of Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Early Echocardiography and Management of Thrombotic Disease
Authors:   Dignity Health, St. Mary Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Long Beach, CA USA, Mahdi Ali , Allahverdian Chris , Patel Vishal , Sobnosky Serap
Published: April 2023

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. A 43-year-old woman presents to the Emergency Department (ED) with right-sided weakness and numbness for several hours. Medical history is significant for Raynaud’s Phenomenon (RP), initially presenting six months prior to presentation, manifesting as intermittent episodes of painless discoloration of multiple fingers. Cardiac exam was unremarkable with regular rhythm and no discernable murmur. Neurological exam demonstrated right arm pronator drift. Other examination findings were unremarkable. Labs demonstrated a troponin of 0.00 ng/mL, C-reactive protein of 2.28 mg/dL, and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 40 mm/hr. The electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrated sinus bradycardia and notable for T-wave inversion in lead III and aVF, but without any ST-segment deviations (Figure 1). Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI) of the brain demonstrated acute ischemic left frontal, left parietal, and right parietal infarcts along with mild subcortical left parietal infarct, concerning for venous or watershed distal embolic arterial infarct. MRI Angiogram of the brain showing diminutive bilateral …
Effects of Vitamin E Derivative TMG on the Radiation Protector and Tumor Growth during Radiotherapy
Authors: Gu Yeun-Hwa , Matsumoto Ryo , Yamashita Takenori
Published: April 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the immunosuppressive and antioxidant effects of a novel radioprotective agent using the vitamin E derivative 2-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl) methyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-6-ol (TMG) and its effect on tumors, and to study its usefulness.Materials and Methods: In this study, C57BL/6NCrSlc mice were divided into four groups (control, TMG, radiation therapy [RT], and RT+TMG), using 10 mice in each group. In the TMG and 2 Gy+TMG groups, 500 mg/kg TMG was administered. Two groups (2 Gy and 2 Gy+ TMG) among RT and RT+TMG groups were irradiated with 2 Gy in a single fraction, while the other two groups (6 Gy and 6 Gy+TMG) were irradiated locally with 6 Gy in three fractions.Results and Discussion: TMG positively affected CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Tumor volumes and growth inhibition rates were compared. In order to evaluate how TMG administration affected tumor growth, Ehrlich cancer cells were injected into the thigh of mice, and the tumor volume and growth suppression rate were compared. Not only RT but also TMG alone inhibited tumor growth. If RT conducted to the mice with TMG, TMG could increase the number of leukocytes, primarily that of lymphocytes. TMG also inhibited tumor growth in addition to RT. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the 6 Gy+TMG group.Conclusion: In conclusion, TMG exerted an immunopotentiating effect mainly by increasing the white blood cell numbers including that of lymphocytes. In addition to RT, TMG also inhibited tumor growth. Therefore, TMG is considered to be a useful radioprotective agent in radiotherapy without tumor growth induction.
Facilitators of a Campus Tobacco-free Policy: Navigating the Politics
Authors: Gakh Maxim , Grigsby Timothy , Coughenour Courtney , Ahlo Malcolm , Washburn Kacie , Gerstenberger Shawn
Published: April 2023

Objective: In this paper, we discuss prioritization, formulation, and adoption of a comprehensive campus tobacco-free policy on a large, diverse campus at a public university in the United States. Methods: We examined the comprehensive campus tobacco-free policy experience through Kindgon’s Multiple Streams Framework, which stipulates that policy change can happen when problem, policy, and politics align. We focus on the factors that led the political stream to align with the problem and policy streams to create a “window of opportunity” for adopting this policy. Results: The campus experience with COVID-19 helped spur policy adoption. Support from leadership, a committed faculty-administration team, engagement with stakeholders and community partners, knowledge of the policy adoption process, and sustained advocacy all contributed to policy adoption. Conclusions: Campus tobacco-free policy advocates can navigate the politics of prioritizing, formulating, and adopting a campus smoke-free policy by knowing the context and process, being comfortable with policy work, engaging with tobacco prevention stakeholders, sustaining their efforts and advocating in multiple ways, and considering implementation and evaluation early.
Lessons from Latin America Dollarization in the Twenty First Century
Authors: Cachanosky Nicolas , Ocampo Emilio , Salter Alexander W.
Published: April 2023

This paper looks at twenty first-century dollarization in Latin America. We emphasize that dollarization is a complex reform that can be implemented in many different ways. We draw three important lessons from these experiences: (1) keeping the central bank after dollarizing is an unnecessary institutional vulnerability that facilitates compulsive de-dollarization, (2) public opinion offers the most important defense of dollarization against populist attempts at reversal, and (3) even if dollarization is not supported with structural reforms (or such reforms are reversed), it remains superior to the counterfactual of no reforms with persistent, high and volatile inflation.
Enrichment of low-grade phosphorites by the selective leaching method
Authors: Raiymbekov Yerkebulan , Abdurazova Perizat , Nazarbek Ulzhalgas
Published: April 2023

The selective leaching method presents a new and innovative approach for the enrichment of low-grade phosphate raw materials. The use of acetic acid as a reagent in the leaching process allows for the selective dissolution of carbonates, potassium-, and aluminum-containing compounds, offering a promising solution for the improvement of the recovery rates of valuable phosphorus compounds. This study presents the results of research on the selective leaching of carbonates from low-grade phosphate raw materials and evaluation of its efficiency using a combination of SEM, energy-dispersion and chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal, IR-Fourier spectroscopic, and mineralogical analysis techniques. The results showed an increase in the content of phosphorus(v) oxide from 14% to 22% through the selective leaching process. The enriched phosphate raw materials were also found to be suitable for the production of phosphorus-containing products. This research highlights the potential of the selective leaching method to overcome the challenges faced in the enrichment of low-grade phosphorites and provide a more efficient and sustainable solution for the industry.
The humor transaction schema: a conceptual framework for researching the nature and effects of humor
Authors: Davis Jessica Milner , Hofmann Jennifer
Published: April 2023

This article presents a schema describing the ‘humor transaction,’ that is, the processes by which what is generally called humor is created, communicated, experienced, responded to and used. It describes in three stages the rich creative process shared between a humorist and an audience. This starts with the perception and/or formation of an amusing stimulus by a humorist and passes in a second stage to its communication by the humorist to others and their processing of the stimulus. The third stage captures the range of experiences and responses by the recipient/s, including personal consequences and possible re-use of the humor (which creates further functions and consequences). Although experiencing and using humor are both holistic processes, dependent on synchronization of social behaviors by humorist and recipient, the schema simplifies in order to summarize the general outline of a typical shared humorous ‘transaction’ while allowing for complex detail within each stage. It offers a framework within which scholars and practitioners can locate their different foci of research and application. It aims to assist in developing a shared vocabulary of concepts and terminology to foster exchange across the many disciplines involved in humor research. It provides a linked glossary of relevant terms designed to facilitate interdisciplinary exchange in studying humor.
Smith-predictor based enhanced Dual-DOF fractional order control for integrating type CSTRs
Authors: Meena Rammurti , Das Dipjyoti , Chandra Pal Vipin , Chakraborty Sudipta
Published: April 2023

Continuously Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTR) are one of the widely used reactors in the chemical industry. Controlling such reactors is challenging because many times it demonstrates a model which is having a pole at the origin of the s-plane. Moreover, the presence of a dead time necessitates more effective control measures. This work presents a modified smith predictor-based control for integrating type CSTRs with time delay in order to provide adequate servo and regulatory closed-loop responses. Numerous researches on dual DOF control suggested different controller settings for outer and inner-loop controllers. But, in the current study, both the controllers are proposed to be the same which drastically reduces the complexity of the design. To offer good robustness in the closed-loop response, the controller is synthesized with a user-defined maximum sensitivity. Case studies on CSTRs for both the nominal and disturbed process models are conducted and the same is compared with recently developed control laws. Lastly, a performance comparison on ISE, ITAE, and IAE is provided.
Application of alginate polymer films and coatings incorporated with essential oils in foods: a review of recent literature with emphasis on nanotechnology
Authors: Ghasemi Sajjad , Jaldani Shima , Sanaei Farideh , Ghiafehshirzadi Asiyeh , Alidoost Ahmadreza , Hashemi Mohammad , Hossaeini Marashi Sayed Mahdi , Khodaiyan Faramarz , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2023

Food waste is one of the major challenges in food safety and finding a solution for this issue is critically important. Herein, edible films and coatings became attractive for scientists as they can keep food from spoilage. Edible films and coatings can effectively preserve the original quality of food and extend its shelf life. Polysaccharides, including starch and cellulose derivatives, chitosan, alginate and pectin, have been extensively studied as biopackaging materials. One of the most interesting polysaccharides is alginate, which has been used to make edible films and coatings. Incorporating essential oils (EO) in alginate matrices results in an improvement in some properties of the edible packages, such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the use of nanotechnology can improve the desirable properties of edible films and coatings. In this article we reviewed the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of alginate coatings and films and their use in various food products.
A lattice-transformer-graph deep learning model for Chinese named entity recognition
Authors: Lin Min , Xu Yanyan , Cai Chenghao , Ke Dengfeng , Su Kaile
Published: April 2023

Named entity recognition (NER) is the localization and classification of entities with specific meanings in text data, usually used for applications such as relation extraction, question answering, etc. Chinese is a language with Chinese characters as the basic unit, but a Chinese named entity is normally a word containing several characters, so both the relationships between words and those between characters play an important role in Chinese NER. At present, a large number of studies have demonstrated that reasonable word information can effectively improve deep learning models for Chinese NER. Besides, graph convolution can help deep learning models perform better for sequence labeling. Therefore, in this article, we combine word information and graph convolution and propose our Lattice-Transformer-Graph (LTG) deep learning model for Chinese NER. The proposed model pays more attention to additional word information through position-attention, and therefore can learn relationships between characters by using lattice-transformer. Moreover, the adapted graph convolutional layer enables the model to learn both richer character relationships and word relationships and hence helps to recognize Chinese named entities better. Our experiments show that compared with 12 other state-of-the-art models, LTG achieves the best results on the public datasets of Microsoft Research Asia, Resume, and WeiboNER, with the F1 score of 95.89%, 96.81%, and 72.32%, respectively.
On Recurrences in Generalized Arithmetic Triangle
Authors: Belbachir Hacéne , Bouyakoub Abdelkader , Krim Fariza
Published: April 2023

In the present paper, we consider the generalized arithmetic triangle called GAT which is structurally identical to Pascal’s triangle for which we keep the Pascal’s rule of addition and we replace both legs by two sequences (an)n≥1and (bn)n≥1witha0=b0= Ω. Our goal is to describe the recurrence relation associated to the sum of elements lying along a finite ray in this triangle. As consequences, we obtain some combinatorial properties and we establish that the sum of elements lying along a main rising diagonal is a convolution of generalized Fibonacci sequence and another sequence which one will determine. We also precise the corresponding generating function. Further, we establish some nice identities by using the Morgan-Voyce phenomenon. Finally, we generalize the Golden ratio.
New Insights on the Multivariate Skew Exponential Power Distribution
Authors: Arevalillo Jorge M. , Navarro Hilario
Published: April 2023

The multivariate exponential power is a useful distribution for modeling departures from normality in data by means of a tail weight scalar parameter that regulates the non-normality of the model. The incorporation of a shape asymmetry vector into the model serves to account for potential asymmetries and gives rise to the multivariate skew exponential power distribution. This work is aimed at revisiting the skew exponential power distribution taking as a starting point its formulation as a scale mixture of skew-normal distributions. The paper provides some highlights and theoretical insights on the role played by its parameters to assess two complementary aspects of the multivariate non-normality such as directional asymmetry and tail weight behavior regardless of the asymmetry. The intuition behind both issues relies on well-known mathematical ideas about skewness maximization and convex transform stochastic orderings.
Study on nanocrystalline coating prepared by electro-spraying 316L metal wire and its corrosion performance
Authors: Liu Ye , Song Qiuzhi , Chen Pengwan , Huang Kun , Yang Yixun
Published: April 2023

In this work, we study the corrosion performance of coatings prepared by electrical explosion spraying of metal wires. 316L metal wire with a diameter of 1.5 mm is used as spray material, and the coating is prepared on the 45# steel substrate by electrical explosion spraying. The oil–water corrosion experiment of the coating is carried out in a constant temperature water bath of 60°C for 168 h. The scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy results of the experimental samples have shown that some metal oxides are found inside the coating, most of which are distributed at the grain boundaries with a size range of 30–50 nm. The corrosion rate of the coating is measured by weight loss method with a corrosion rate of 0.079 mm/annum. XRD results show that the corrosion generates CaCO3, Fe3O4, and MgFe2O4. Coating corrosion is mainly caused by the formation of electrochemical corrosion between oxides and non-oxides in the coating, and pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion in the presence of chloride ions.
Die Katzendreckgestank-Affäre
Authors: Mrozek Bodo , Olšáková Doubravka
Published: April 2023

Hat sich die Zeitgeschichte im Zuge des sensory turn jüngst vermehrt mit Bildern und Klängen befasst, spielen Gerüche bislang eine untergeordnete Rolle. Im Zusammenhang mit Immissionen aus Industrie und Landwirtschaft führten aber gerade üble Gerüche immer wieder zu politischen Konflikten. Anhand des sogenannten Katzendreckgestanks, der in den 1970er Jahren erstmals aktenkundig wurde, lässt sich nachvollziehen, wie Geruchskonflikte grenzüberschreitende Komplikationen verursachen konnten. Mehr als zehn Jahre lang belastete diese Affäre die Beziehungen zwischen der ČSSR, der Bundesrepublik und der DDR. Bodo Mrozek und Doubravka Olšáková analysieren, wie Gerüche technisch vermessen, vor dem Hintergrund des Kalten Kriegs politisiert und schließlich in internationalen Kooperationen im Zeichen der Détente praktisch bekämpft wurden.
Active compound analysis of ethanolic extract of roselle calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Bharadhi S A Sindhu , Karthikeyan Nageswari , T Arumugam , B Rajagopal , Thiyagarajan Anitha , Jacob Rajangam
Published: April 2023

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a comestible plant known for its fleshy red calyces that are used in making a wide range of foods such as wine, juice, jam, syrup, pudding, cakes, ice cream, and herbal tea. The anti- bacterial, diuretic, antioxidant, and anti-mutagenic effects of the roselle calyces are also well known. It is high in vitamins, minerals and bioactive substances such as organic acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols, and because of its extensive phar-macological potential, it has long been used as folk medicine to treat common cold. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) is the best technique to identify the compounds present in the sample by mass spectra data obtained from purely available standards injected under the same conditions. In this study, the GC-MS technique was used to validate the pharmacological potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa by identifying the chemicals found in its calyces. The maximum cyanidin-3-glucoside was found to be the highest in PKM (Periyakulam) HS 04 1784.65 mg/100 g in cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents, total flavonoid content (28.01 mg QE/g), and DPPH (2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) activity % (93.17), and in PKM HS 02 total phenolic content (1.29 GA mg/g). The extract was prepared by soaking a dry calyx powder sample in methanol overnight and the ethanolic extract was then analyzed using GC-MS. Flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids were found in the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. The existence of 26 bioactive chemicals was discovered by GC-MS analysis, including phthalic acid, astaxanthin, lutein, lycoxanthin, 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, rhodoxanthin, molybdenum, and hexadecenoic acid. The presence of some of these bioactive chemicals has been used to support scientific evidence for the plant’s anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory capabilities, which constitute valuable preliminary information in pharma industries.
An application of eye movement parameters collected from mass market devices for the estimation of a text comprehension
Authors: Babanova Ksenia , Revazov Arsen , Chernozatonskiy Konstantin , Pikunov Andrey , Anisimov Victor
Published: April 2023

The growing interest in evaluating the reader's comprehension leads to the search for new methods that allow such estimation in real-time (or pseudo-real-time). This can be used for more effective educational processes and to adopt textual content for various purposes. The present study used the Oken Reader eye-tracking application (60 Hz) for mass-market devices to assess reading comprehension processes. Twenty-three (23) respondents aged between 19 and 31 (mean = 24. 5, SE = 1. 4, 65% female) participated in the study. The mean, mu, and sigma parameters differed significantly depending on the level of text comprehension. This result indicates the possibility of using mass-market devices with eye-tracking technology to assess comprehension in reading. Furthermore, the study's results confirm the possibility of searching the correlations between physiological indicators such as eye movements and comprehension.
Economic Sectors Impact Household Income in Vietnam: A Structural Path Analysis
Authors:   The University of Danang – University of Economics, Nguyen H. N. X. , Nguyen M. T. ,   The University of Danang – University of Economics, Ngo L. N. A. ,   The University of Danang – University of Economics, Koshelev V.M. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: April 2023

Despite the remarkable achievements in poverty reduction, income inequality in Vietnam still tends to increase, consequently having negative impacts on the sustainable growth of the country. The goals of this research are to identify and measure the impact of propagation channels of economic sectors on the income of the household groups, which is of great importance to poverty reduction efforts in Vietnam. The study aims to unravel the critical supply chain paths that drive changes in household income. To this end, the structural path analysis methodology is used based on the 2016 Vietnam Social Accounting Matrix model, which has not been extensively studied in Vietnam. Compared with previous studies, this research was conducted at the national level instead of the regional level and detailed the factors involved in income distribution such as economic sectors, labour, and household groups. The analysis finds 513 higher-order paths of 25 sectors that lead to an income increase for the household groups. When economic sectors expand under policy changes, household income improvements are mainly affected by labour skill, capital, and the magnitude of inter-industry linkages. It is noteworthy that high-skilled labour has a significant impact on the income of urban households, while the income of rural households is considerably affected by the capital. The analysis also demonstrates 32 selected paths having the greatest influence on household income. The importance of forestry, wood and wood products, fisheries, coal, crude oil and natural gas, footwear, distribution of electricity, gas, water, and utilities, and retail and wholesale for poverty alleviation is underlined for their distributional impact. Based on the research findings, relevant policy implications are also recommended.