bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A method of strengthening arched buildings with insufficient bearing capacity of foundations for the thrust perception
Authors: Khusainov Damir , Kuznetsov Ivan , Khabibulina Albina
Published: June 2021

This paper proposes a new way to strengthen arched buildings with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust perception. The new method of strengthening the arched buildings can be used in architectural and structural solutions of buildings with zones where it is impossible to place tie-beams traditionally. In the literature there are no research results on this issue. The authors described a new method of strengthening arched buildings. Using a frameless arched structure with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust as an example, they considered the proposed strengthening method with two options for anchoring the arched building's foundation with tie-beams installed to perceive the thrust to semi-buried and buried anchors. The authors carried out theoretical studies and determined the magnitude of the prestresses in the installed tie-beams to ensure the bearing capacity of the arched building for the variant of asymmetric snow design load. Conclusions. The significance of the obtained results for the construction industry is to propose a method to strengthen arched structures with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust perception. The proposed method of strengthening is an effective and novel way of increasing the bearing capacity of structures and foundations of arched buildings and can be used in architectural and structural solutions of buildings with zones that impede the traditional placement of tie-beams.
Assessment of clay soils strengthening under triaxial cyclic loading
Authors: Koroleva Irina
Published: June 2021

One of the main issues in the design of foundations is the correct forecast of the development of long-term deformations (settlement) of the foundations. Among the main factors affecting settlement, one can single out the neglect of changes in the rheological parameters of the soil in time and the neglect of the loading regime, as well as the processes of soil hardening in time. The work presents the results of a study of the behaviour of samples of clayey soil with a disturbed structure under conditions of triaxial cyclic loading, taking into account the strengthening effect. The relevance of the problem of studying the hardening process is associated with the assessment of the deformability and strength of clays with rheological properties. The tests were carried out in a pneumatic stabilimeter with an artificial soil created of paste. After preparing the samples, they were placed in a sealed container until the start of the test for a period of 1 to 5 days. To establish the ultimate strength of the soil, single static loads were carried out at a given value of the uniform pressure. The main control characteristics during the tests were the maximum and minimum values of the cycle voltages. If the sample did not fail during cyclic loading, it was destroyed by a stepped increase in the static load. The dependences of the change in the strength of a clay soil sample during the holding time before the start of the test were obtained at various values of all-round compression and the amplitude of the cycle. The strength of the soil with a change in the holding time increased up to 1.27 times.
Modification of the surface of thermally modified wood with ozone when creating glued structures
Authors: Mukhametzyanov Shamil , Khasanshin Ruslan , Safin Ruslan , Shaikhutdinova Aigul , Safiullina Albina
Published: June 2021

The greatest interest of researchers is focused on the processes of heat treatment of wood, taking place in an airless environment at temperatures of 180-250 °C, since heat treatment of wood allows increasing its moisture resistance, reduce hygroscopicity, and increase resistance to decay. However, a decrease in the hygroscopicity of wood adversely affects the process of obtaining glued materials due to a decrease in the wettability of thermowood surface and, as a consequence, a decrease in adhesion characteristics. This work is devoted to the study of the effect of ozone on the surface of thermally modified wood to increase the adhesive properties during gluing. It has been determined that the ozonation contributes to an increase in the wettability of the surface layer of thermal wood by more than 15% due to the reactivity of ozone to oxidize and degrade ligno-containing products of wood. It was revealed that the modification of wood, including preliminary volumetric heat treatment followed by surface treatment with ozone, causes an increase in the strength of the glue line when operated in high humidity conditions. In connection with the results obtained, an improved technology for the production of glued load-bearing structures for wooden housing construction is proposed.
Proactive mechanisms for response to risks of business entities engaged in investment and construction activities
Authors: Asaul Anatoly , Asaul Maxim , Levin Jury , Shcherbina Gennady , Trushkovskaya Ekaterina
Published: June 2021

Basing on the extensive analysis of both native and foreign scientific publications, the authors have concluded that the problem of classifying risks and factors of their occurrence, and the risk assessment, as well, is well-publicized. In some works, strategies are proposed to mitigate consequences of the onset of risks by creating reserves. However, all of them are mechanisms of the management response during implementation of an investment and construction project, i.e., the reactive position. The article proposes to move from a reactive to a proactive position, which essence is to implement the goal set by the investor, regardless of the conditions, circumstances, and the likelihood of the manifestation of internal or external negative impacts. This problem is solved by the Business Impact Analysis (BIA) method, which logic is only in assessing the fact of breaching contracts by the subjects, but not the frequency of occurrence of events causing risks. The method used does not consider or observe the content of various events, their cause-and-effect relationships, but the only fact of nonfulfillment of the contract terms in relation to duration or estimated cost by a business entity implementing investment and construction projects.
Quality improvement of monolithic steel fiber concrete floor slabs with void formers
Authors: Mukhametrakhimov Rustem , Khuzin Airat , Khamidullina Dinara
Published: June 2021

The features of the technology for the monolithic floors construction using void formers have been studied, its disadvantages have been identified and the ways to eliminate them have been proposed. At the first stage of this work, the reasons for the low quality of monolithic floors with void formers were studied by the method of visual and measuring control, and by comparing with known scientific and industrial data. At the second stage, by the method of systematization the main defects and damages arising in the construction, repair and usage of these floor slabs were classified and ways to eliminate them were proposed. At the third stage, the features of the quality control system, carried out directly during the construction of monolithic floor slabs using void formers, were studied, the composition of operations and control tools were proposed. According to the research results, it was found that the use of steel-fiber concrete in floors with non-removable void formers allows to reduce the percentage of reinforcement by 9.82%, compared to other known options, and also to reduce the consumption of concrete in comparison with a solid monolithic slab almost by half. The proposed quality control system will improve the efficiency of monolithic floor slabs using void formers.
Improving the efficiency of technological processes for the treatment of highly concentrated wastewater to ensure environmental safety
Authors: Andreeva Svetlana
Published: June 2021

The complexity of biochemical wastewater treatment is most often due to the presence of a large number of organic impurities, causing the death of the biological community of activated sludge microorganisms. Application of the method of lowering the pH of industrial effluents to minimum value reduces the solubility of organic substances in water, separating them into a separate layer of emulsified wastewater. In this case, the process of removing organic impurities from treated wastewater becomes the most accessible, but also requires solving the problems of technological and environmental safety. Dissolution of wastewater organic impurities separated into a separate layer a solvent – the extractant followed by the extraction of organic components extracted from it, reduces the level of wastewater pollution with organic substances according to the oxidation index (COD) to an acceptable level. The technology of the applied method allows for the final treatment using biological methods; and practically constructively mounts and build a new modernized technological line.
Application of BIM-technologies during the construction and operation of buildings and structures
Authors: Bogdanov Andrey , Zaitsev Vladislav , Khalitova Karina
Published: June 2021

The relevance of implementing BIM technologies at all stages of the building's life cycle from design to decision-making on its demolition is shown. Variants of the stress-strain state of buildings and structures are considered. An algorithm for analyzing incoming information and making decisions about major repairs, reconstruction, or demolition of an object is developed, depending on the values of parameters, their duration, and combinations obtained from sensors installed during their construction. The use of fiber-optic sensors for obtaining information and subsequent analysis of the state of the building structure and determining dangerous movements of its individual elements is proposed.
Power supply of industrial and residential urban areas through the use of secondary combustible and thermal energy resources
Authors: Lavirko Jury , Taymarov Michael , Akhmetova Rimma , Sabirzyanova Aigel
Published: June 2021

The subject at hand is the technology of integrated use of secondary combustible and thermal energy resources of oil refining and petrochemicals for power supply and heat supply of industrial and residential urban areas. Currently, combustible secondary energy resources in petrochemicals in through hydrocarbon gases are burned in smokeless flares and technological candles without practical use in the electric and thermal energy industry. In the production of polyethylene, an average of 230 t/h of spent combustible gases is burned in a smokeless flare at an altitude of 105 m with useless dispersion of the resulting heat in the atmosphere. The heat of heated process water during cooling in cooling towers is uselessly dispersed in the atmosphere or leaves with contaminated spillways and non-return condensate into settling tanks without practical useful application. In the construction of new and the energy supply of existing industrial and residential facilities, there is a problem providing them with electric and thermal energy at low prices. The purpose of this study is to develop a technical solution on the technology of integrated use of secondary combustible and thermal energy resources of oil refining and petrochemicals for the electrical and thermal supply of industrial and residential urban areas.
Use of higher aquatic vegetation for post-treatment of wastewater
Authors: Urmitova Nazia , Nizamova Aida
Published: June 2021

The article presents the features of cascade phyto-treatment facilities, bio plateau with an open water mirror. Such structures are similar to natural wetland objects. The plant species on the cascades and their effect in the post-treatment of wastewater are considered. Natural biological treatment of wastewater with algae roots is one of the most effective methods of treatment. This method allows you to clean polluted wastewater without harming the environment. Aquatic plants intensify the purification process, remove biogenic elements, actively using them in their nutrition, remove heavy metals and organic substances from the water and accumulate in the root system, which are difficult to decompose and thus improve the process of self-purification of reservoirs. The article pays great attention to the project «The Resilient Ribbon: A Timeless Legend of Kazan». The essence of the project is the natural self-purification of the city lake Nizhny Kaban in Kazan, where the root system of plants is used to purify water from mixtures, phenols and phosphates, heavy metals and a number of other harmful substances. The results of laboratory studies of water quality after treatment at cascade phyto-treatment facilities are presented.
Retechnologization of biological sewage water treatment facilities using mathematical modelling
Authors: Khisameeva Liliya , Abitov Runar , Alimov Ramis
Published: June 2021

The efficiency of sewage treatment plants is an urgent problem of the designed and operating stations. In modern conditions, efficiency is understood as the operation of facilities in which operating costs are minimized, facilities provide standard cleaning, and the company implements measures to modernize and improve energy efficiency and trouble-free operation. The article deals with the comparative analysis and selection of the most optimal scheme of biological sewage water treatment of existing sewage water treatment plants. The indicators of the efficiency of functioning and permissible loads on treatment facilities in the design of aeration tanks for biological sewage water treatment are determined. The results served as the basis for the creation of a mathematical model, with the help of which it is possible to calculate the parameters of the biological treatment system and optimize the process of biological sewage water treatment at existing treatment facilities. Mathematical modeling allows you to reduce the cost of designing and operating treatment facilities, to guarantee the degree of treatment in accordance with the requirements and standards for the discharge of treated sewage water into a reservoir for fisheries purposes.
Parametric methods for constructing the Islamic ornament
Authors: Nadyrshine Neil , Nadyrshine Lilia , Khafizov Rafik , Ibragimova Nailia , Mkhitarian Karine
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the method of algorithmic construction of Islamic ornaments, which can be used as a decorative element in architectural design. Two necessary stages are highlighted in the generation of an ornamental motif by means of algorithmic design – the first includes operations on a base mesh consisting of a combination of regular or semiregular cells, for example, drawing rays from the centers of the edges of the original lattice or rotating figures relative to its nodes; the second stage involves the creation of a basic pattern of the ornamental design that fits into a regular or semi-regular polygon, and the decorative motif in the figure is made up of a primitive that is symmetrically reflected relative to any lines, usually rays, emanating from opposite corners of the polygon. The paper analyses the traditional patterns of Islamic ornaments, on the basis of which new designs were built, using visual programming tools (Rhino and Grasshopper).
The role of tax potential in stimulating the effectiveness of innovation in the digital economy
Authors: Maksimchuk Olga , Maznitsa Elena , Chizho Larisa
Published: June 2021

The conditions of the digital economy dictate new challenges in order to correct structural imbalances; answers to these challenges are possible in the format of innovations. Since the beginning of the pandemic, it has become even more obvious that enterprises that have actively introduced innovations, in particular digital technologies and products, have become successful players in all markets. And tax stimulation has always been the most effective tool for innovation in economic activity.The purpose of this study is to substantiate the role of tax potential in stimulating the effectiveness of innovation in the digital economy. The object of research is the tax potential of the territory. The subject of the research is tax stimulation for the efficiency of innovation in the digital economy. The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of the existing tax system for stimulating innovation in Russia, the tax benefits as the main tool for stimulating innovation in the Russian Federation, the proposals for improving legislation on taxes and fees.
Assessment of the competitiveness of countries as a tool to increase the sustainability of their socio-economic development
Authors: Mustafin Askar , Gonos Jaroslav , Seliverstova Nataliya , Maksimova Margarita
Published: June 2021

The competitiveness of individual economies belongs to the issues frequently discussed among experts as it is closely connected with and reflects the economic situation in different countries. The focus of the present article is the survey of the development of competitiveness of selected economies and the subsequent comparison thereof. In order to further specify this focus, we concentrated on the economies of the Russian Federation and Germany. These economies are regarded as strong and efficient global economies that put emphasis on continuous growth. The economy of the Slovak Republic was selected as the secondary focus of the article as it is an open economy cooperating with major economic players, including the countries representing the subject of this article. The key criterion for the evaluation of the development was the Global Competitiveness Index and the monitored period was 2008-2017. The article contains two basic parts; the first part represents a theoretical framework of the discussed topic and the second part provides the comparison and confrontation of competitiveness in the selected economies. The final part of the article contains the identification of potential weaknesses and strengths of the evaluated economies.
An innovative market mechanism for the digital transformation of services in the labor market
Authors: Khuzagaripov Aidar
Published: June 2021

The author has developed an innovative market mechanism «Information and communication platform «Experimental site 5.0», which provides an affordable and effective tool that allows representatives of the active working-age population through a digital platform to gain access to the development of new professions, gain the necessary experience, effectively use professional skills and improve individual labor productivity, which, as a result, will help to reduce the unemployment rate at the regional level, increase the competitiveness of enterprises of the project participants and accelerate the processes of digital transformation of the labor market.
Synergetic approach in the design of architectural systems for harsh climatic conditions
Authors: Khadieva Kseniia , Novikov Stepan
Published: June 2021

Architecture is characterized by a correction of design approaches that take into account new discoveries. Changing scientific paradigm also influences this process by introducing extra details into the architectural objects workflows. The synergistic paradigm that influences mostly appears in the tendency to create architecture that meets the ideal standards of sustainable design, capable design which is of self-development and self-regulation. A unique feature of the synergistic paradigm that can fundamentally change the approach to design is its relation to the evolutionary process. According to this concept, evolution in its path passes through points of bifuciation – special states of instability – when possible ways of further development are clear and it becomes possible for us to choose and follow one of them. This approach takes into account changing data and corrects decisions during the process. This is especially relevant when designing architectural objects for harsh climate conditions, as additional difficulties may arise in the process of construction and operation, and the unexpectedly arising issues, which may unanticipated arise itself during the usage of the object and can have a disastrous effects on it.
Marketing aspects of sustainable urban development in small towns of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Shafigullina Anna , Beloborodova Anastasiia , Palyakin Roman , Martynova Olga , Ahmetshin Renat
Published: June 2021

The article describes the concept of sustainable development and forms the criteria for sustainable development of the territory. The sustainability of the territory development should be considered from various angles, including industrial and agricultural development, the level of environmental friendliness, intersectoral and interdimensional interaction, creating the attractiveness of territories. The solution to the problems of territories attractiveness is to be found in the field of territorial marketing. The city as the pinnacle of territorial marketing requires a detailed analysis of the current state and the development of a strategy for further development. The scientific work describes an algorithm for the formation of marketing strategies for urban development. The research provides analysis of small towns development in the Republic of Tatarstan: Almetyevsk, Bolgar, Nizhnekamsk. Developing marketing strategies designed to enhance the attractiveness of small towns are identified as one of the backgrounds for creating comfortable conditions for residents and attracting tourists and professionals to improve the efficiency of the towns' resources. At the same time, it is of vital importance to analyze the internal components of the towns, pull factors for residents and tourists to form the most appropriate marketing strategy for urban development. Small towns, in contrast to megacities, have great creative and cultural potential, which allows them to find new points of attraction on their territory and strengthen the existing tourist and infrastructure facilities.
About the new model of institutions of sustainable innovative development in Russia
Authors: Akhmetshina Alsu
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the activities of innovative development institutions in Russia. The key problems that hinder innovation processes and the development of innovation infrastructure are identified. The tasks and main areas of activity of large innovative development institutions are defined. Key performance indicators of development institutions are proposed, as well as a set of measures that ensure the effectiveness of their functioning in modern Russian.
Calculation of multilayer sieve classifiers for separating grained materials by size
Authors: Akhmadiev Fail , Gizzyatov Renat , Nazipov Ilshat
Published: June 2021

From the standpoint of stochastic Poisson processes, the separation of granular materials by size on multi-tiered sieve classifiers is studied. Taking into account the selected separation scheme, a system of stochastic differential equations is drawn up for the distribution function of particles along with the sieve of the classifier. The coefficients of the differential equations are determined depending on the probability of sifting particles into the sieve cells. On the basis of the constructed mathematical model and the posed optimization problem, a technological calculation of the sieve classifier is carried out to determine its design and operating parameters, depending on the shape, size, and other characteristics of the material being separated.
Mathematical model for optimizing the fleet of vehicles for performing land reclamation works
Authors: Gabdullin Talgat , Makhmutov Marat
Published: June 2021

When choosing technical means for performing various technological processes and, in particular, for carrying out reclamation and cultural-technical works, two aspects should be taken into account: the fundamental possibility of using machines and the level of their reliability. But if the choice of technical means according to the fundamental possibility of use for performing a specific operation is sufficiently developed («Systems of machines», catalogs of special equipment have been developed), then the choice of means of repair and technical impact, depending on quantitative data and qualitative characteristics of reliability, is currently not fully studied. This is due to the lack of a sufficient database on malfunctions of the specified technical means and, as a consequence, the lack of reliable indicators of their reliability. Analysis of the data on the operation of technical means in land reclamation and construction organizations shows that due to the low reliability of machines, up to 40% of the cost of their work is the cost of maintenance and repair, while the share of time resources for downtime for technical reasons in the total fund of the working time reaches 40-50%. It should be noted that this is only part of the damage caused by the lack of reliability of the machines. Improving the methods of using machines led to the creation of mechanized complexes - a group form of machine work. Therefore, due to the widespread use of complex mechanization in land reclamation construction, the stop of one machine of a technological complex leads to a stop of the entire technological process. Thus, the determination of the reliability characteristics of the units of technological complexes, namely, the establishment of the physical nature, failures, the identification of the causes of their occurrence, as well as the determination of the need for repair and technical actions, will provide the necessary operational and economic performance indicators of the entire technological complex in specific operating conditions. In this regard, the issue of determining the optimal provision of repair and technical impacts on the units of technological complexes, taking into account their components, is an urgent task that requires separate research.
Mathematical model of the modified tissue deformation under stretching
Authors: Kayumov Rashit , Mukhamedova Inzilija
Published: June 2021

One of the effective methods for modifying natural and synthetic materials is a use of the flocking process. To analyze a quality of the modified fabrics, it is useful to have mathematical models describing a stress-strain state of the fabrics when exposed to various loads. A method has been developed for determining the stiffness characteristics of a flocked fabric based on the results of testing samples cut at different angles to the base at different tensile forces. This technique makes it possible to analyze the effect of flocking on the mechanical characteristics of the fabric. It was revealed that the theory of mixtures, when averaging the properties of the fabrics and glue with respect to thickness, does not allow determining the stiffness characteristics with acceptable accuracy. The limits of applicability of the theory of mixtures were determined when carrying out averaging of the mechanical characteristics with respect to the area of the flocked fabrics.
Person names in constriction field (on basis of English, French, Tatar and Russian languages)
Authors: Lutfullina Gulnara , Ibragimova Elvira
Published: June 2021

In this article construction profession names were investigated using the corpus-linguistic method. We have identified quantitative differences in the functioning of lexemes. The frequency of the functioning of professional names is determined by their structural features. An effective principle for creating professional names is to choose a one-component term that etymologically ascends to international vocabulary. The results of the study revealed significant differences between professions names and also confirmed the relevance of corpus linguistic methods.
On the statistical indicators of the effectiveness of teaching methodologies
Authors: Abitov Ruslan , Nizamieva Maria , Konovalova Elena
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of carrying out a proper educational experiment. A critical analysis of the conventional approaches to an educational experiment is given. The author argues that the majority of methods, assessing the results of educational experiments, were borrowed from sociology and psychology which, in turn, led to the misinterpretation of the results of these experiments. The criticism of the author is primarily aimed at the incorrect use of central tendency measures and the selection of tests for checking the probability of significance of samples. The qualitative approach, based on the percentile values, was proposed as one of the most relevant results of an experiment. The lack of universal measure with could allow comparing results of multiple educational experiments and meta-analyses was argued. The term «effective learning hours» was coined. The methodology of defining «effective learning hours» and corresponding them to the levels of the acquisition was proposed.
Economic efficiency justification of construction and operation of electric filling stations
Authors: Rakhmatullina Elena , Shagiakhmetova Elvira , Kruchinina Vera , Bannova Olesya
Published: June 2021

The number of road vehicles is growing every year. At the same time, the negative impact of cars on the environment is increasing. For many countries, the environmental problem is already coming to the fore and opens up various ways to solve it. One of these ways could be the transition to electric vehicles running on environmentally friendly energy. In many countries, the transition to electric vehicles as an environmentally friendly mode of transport is adopted at the state level, through additional incentive systems and benefits. The spread of electric vehicles in Russia is not very active. One of the reasons is the lack of the necessary infrastructure – charging stations. The purpose of this research is to substantiate the economic efficiency of the construction and operation of an electric filling station (charging station). When performing the calculations, the methods of statistical analysis, the method of calculating the net present value of the project (NPV), the graphical method of presenting the final results of the study were used. Calculations showed that the net present value of the project for the construction and operation of the electric filling station will be 181 952 571 rubles during 9 years of operation with an annual energy consumption of 2 073 600 kWh. This research is of the greatest interest to private and public investors, as it is based on both environmental component and economic efficiency.
Insomnie im Rahmen neurologischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Brandt Moritz D.
Published: June 2021

Der Artikel liefert einen Überblick über die Prävalenz, Ursache und Behandlung der Insomnie im Rahmen häufiger neurologischer Erkrankungen (Restless-Legs-Syndrom, Schlaganfall, Multiple Sklerose, Morbus Parkinson und Alzheimer-Demenz). Zudem wird auf die wechselseitigen kausalen Zusammenhänge zwischen Schlafstörungen und neurologischen Erkrankungen hingewiesen.Die Insomnie ist eine häufig komorbide Störung im Rahmen neurologischer Erkrankungen, wird aber noch zu selten erkannt und behandelt. Obwohl weitreichend bekannt ist, welche wesentlichen Bedeutung der Schlaf für das Wohlbefinden im Allgemeinen sowie für die Funktion des Gehirns im Speziellen hat, erhält der Schlaf in Bezug auf Prävention und Behandlung neurologischer Erkrankungen bisher noch wenig Aufmerksamkeit.
Die phreno-oesophageale Membran
Authors: Corts Magga
Published: June 2021

Der Ösophagus steht unter Längszugspannung und muss im unteren Bereich fixiert werden. Außerdem muss auch eine gleitende Verschieblichkeit des Ösophagus für den Transport des Speisebreis möglich sein. Das geschieht im Hiatus oesophageus mithilfe der Faszien, die auf und unter dem Zwerchfell angeheftet sind (Fascia phrenopleuralis und Fascia diaphragmatica inferior). Man spricht hier auch von einem doppelten Faszientrichter oder der phreno-oesophagealen Membran.
Wurzelkraft für Verdauung und Nerven
Authors: Koppold Anna
Published: June 2021

Der Wurzelstock des Kalmus ist in der Erfahrungsheilkunde als Heilmittel bei Magen-Darm-Problemen, Erschöpfungszuständen und als Nerventonikum bewährt.
Comparison between Conventional Unenhanced and Virtual Unenhanced Imaging of Hepatopancreaticobiliary System with Third-Generation Dual-Source Dual-Energy CT—An Observational Study
Authors: Selvaraj Swathigha , Niyas N.P. , Renganathan Rupa , Ramasamy Rajkumar , Anandan Rinoy Ram , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Cherian Mathew
Published: June 2021

Objectives The aims of our study were to assess the comparability of conventional unenhanced images (CUIs) of hepatopancreaticobiliary system with virtual unenhanced images (VUIs) derived from arterial and portal venous phases acquired in a third-generation, dual-source, dual-energy CT (DECT), and also to assess the best dataset among these VUIs. We also calculated the radiation effective dose (ED) reduction by eliminating noncontrast acquisition.

Materials and Methods 60 patients were included in our study. Unenhanced images in single energy and contrast-enhanced images in dual-energy mode were acquired. Arterial virtual unenhanced (AVU) and portal virtual unenhanced (PVU) images were generated and compared with CUI, using both objective and subjective methods. The ED was calculated separately for each phase. Statistical significance between difference in mean attenuation values were analyzed using ANOVA and unpaired student t-test.

Results In our study, the difference in mean attenuation of liver, spleen, and pancreas between the three phases—CU, AVU, and PVU—were insignificant with p-value > 0.05. This indicates that the values were comparable. Among the VUI, AVU images were statistically superior in image quality. Elimination of noncontrast CT from triple phase abdominal imaging can achieve an average ED reduction of 39%.

Conclusions We conclude that VUI generated in third-generation, dual-source DECT has diagnostic image quality and can replace the CUI in triple-phase studies, with a mean ED reduction by 39%. The VUI obtained from arterial phase is superior to those obtained from portal venous phase.
Surgical Management with Self-Locking Pins and Circumferential Wiring for Treating Comminuted Patella Fractures Achieved Seiza-Style Sitting
Authors: Kizaki Kazuha , Uchida Soshi , Funakoshi Noboru , Mori Daisuke , Nakai Ryosuke , Yamashita Fumiharu
Published: June 2021

Surgical fixation of comminuted patella fractures is technically challenging. Despite the fact that tension band wiring or screw fixation are the most common surgical procedures, these surgical techniques have crucial limitations for laterally scattered fragments. We demonstrate two cases with comminuted patella fractures undergoing surgical fixation with self-locking pin and circumferential wiring, confirming the rigid fixation achieving deep knee flexion. After midline longitudinal skin incision, 2.0 mm stainless pins (AiMedic MMT, Tokyo, Japan) were inserted radially to penetrate each fragment and 1.2 mm stainless wire was circumferentially looped and self-locked in the holes on the pins, which satisfied rigid fixation. Any restrictions in range of motion and weight bearing were required postoperatively and 3- to 6-month postoperative cares achieved seiza-style sitting with deep knee flexion.
Red shape, blue shape: political ideology influences the social perception of body shape
Authors: Quirós-Ramírez María Alejandra , Streuber Stephan , Black Michael J.
Published: June 2021

Political elections have a profound impact on individuals and societies. Optimal voting is thought to be based on informed and deliberate decisions yet, it has been demonstrated that the outcomes of political elections are biased by the perception of candidates’ facial features and the stereotypical traits voters attribute to these. Interestingly, political identification changes the attribution of stereotypical traits from facial features. This study explores whether the perception of body shape elicits similar effects on political trait attribution and whether these associations can be visualized. In Experiment 1, ratings of 3D body shapes were used to model the relationship between perception of 3D body shape and the attribution of political traits such as ‘Republican’, ‘Democrat’, or ‘Leader’. This allowed analyzing and visualizing the mental representations of stereotypical 3D body shapes associated with each political trait. Experiment 2 was designed to test whether political identification of the raters affected the attribution of political traits to different types of body shapes. The results show that humans attribute political traits to the same body shapes differently depending on their own political preference. These findings show that our judgments of others are influenced by their body shape and our own political views. Such judgments have potential political and societal implications.
A novel free-electron laser single-pulse Wollaston polarimeter for magneto-dynamical studies
Authors: Caretta Antonio , Laterza Simone , Bonanni Valentina , Sergo Rudi , Dri Carlo , Cautero Giuseppe , Galassi Fabio , Zamolo Matteo , Simoncig Alberto , Zangrando Marco , Gessini Alessandro , Zilio Simone Dal , Flammini Roberto , Moras Paolo , Demidovich Alexander , Danailov Miltcho , Parmigiani Fulvio , Malvestuto Marco
Published: June 2021

Here, we report on the conceptual design, the hardware realization, and the first experimental results of a novel and compact x-ray polarimeter capable of a single-pulse linear polarization angle detection in the extreme ultraviolet photon energy range. The polarimeter is tested by performing time resolved pump–probe experiments on a Ni80Fe20 Permalloy film at the M2,3 Ni edge at an externally seeded free-electron laser source. Comparison with similar experiments reported in the literature shows the advantages of our approach also in view of future experiments.
Morbidity and mortality after recognition of macroalbuminuria in Pasifika people with type 2 diabetes in a primary health-care practice
Authors: Cooke Tian , McCready Fifita , Doherty Glenn , Cundy Tim
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Macroalbuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes is common among Pasifika peoples and is associated with end-stage kidney disease and major cardiovascular disease. AIM In a primary care practice catering for Pasifika people, to determine the time after first recognition of macroalbuminuria to the occurrence of major cardiovascular and renal events, and to examine the relationship with retinopathy status. METHODS In a retrospective observational cohort study, we documented the occurrence of major cardiovascular events and amputations, end-stage kidney disease and death in 115 people with type 2 diabetes reviewed by a specialist diabetes physician at the Langimalie Tongan Health practice between 2005 and 2018. The follow up was 1–19 (median 9.5) years from the first recognition of macroalbuminuria (albumin:creatinine ratio of >30 g/mol). Survival was described by using Kaplan–Meier analysis. RESULTS Macroalbuminuria was detected a mean of 9 years after the diagnosis of diabetes, at a mean age of 52 (standard deviation 12) years. Within 6 years of macroalbuminuria detection, 4% of people had died, 15% had reached end-stage kidney disease, 15% had cardiovascular events or amputations and 30% had the composite outcome of any of these. Within 12 years, the respective proportions were: 24%, 29%, 20% and 48%. The composite outcome was less frequent (P < 0.002) in patients without retinopathy at the time macroalbuminuria was recognised. Compared to patients with retinopathy, this group were younger (P = 0.025), more obese (P < 0.0001), had better baseline renal function (P = 0.018) and a shorter interval between the diagnosis of diabetes and recognition of macroalbuminuria (P < 0.0001). DISCUSSION In this Pasifika population, macroalbuminuria was a marker for serious adverse cardiovascular and renal disease, and mortality, but in the 29% of patients without retinopathy at the time of recognition of macroalbuminuria, the natural history was more benign. The management of such comorbid patients is a substantial challenge for primary health-care services.
Stakeholder perceptions on actions for marine fisheries adaptation to climate change
Authors: Fogarty Hannah E. , Cvitanovic Christopher , Hobday Alistair J. , Pecl Gretta T.
Published: June 2021

Fisheries are under threat from climate change, with observed impacts greater in faster-warming regions. This research investigated current and future potential for climate adaptation to be integrated into fisheries management strategies using Tasmanian commercial wild-catch fisheries as a case study, and then identified obstacles and recommendations for fisheries management to better adapt to future climate changes. We conducted qualitative interviews with fisheries stakeholders and experts to identify their perceptions of the effects of climate change on commercial wild-catch fisheries and local marine ecosystems, as well as opportunities for enhanced management in the future. The results show that climate adaptation in Tasmania fisheries management has largely been passive or incidental to date, and suggested future improvements may incorporate: (1) more or different scientific information and better application; (2) government reviews, reforms and stronger action; (3) industry changes and taking responsibility for the issue; (4) gaining more funding and resources; and (5) increasing education, extension and interaction among stakeholder groups. Implementation of the recommendations suggested in this study would help create a more forward-thinking and proactive response to climate change for Tasmanian fisheries, as well as a more flexible and resilient fishing industry that is better able to absorb shocks related to climate change.
Battle for legitimacy: revisiting autochthony and (re)invented authority in Zimbabwe’s resettlement areas
Authors: Mwandiringana Edmore , Ye Jingzhong
Published: June 2021

This study examines the intersection of autochthony and (re)invented claims of authority in Zimbabwe’s resettlement areas, exploring how traditional leaders and war veterans battle for legitimacy in the resettlement areas. It argues that despite the general view that chiefs are recognised by everyone in the rural areas, their legitimacy is being challenged and in some cases with the use of violence. Although chiefs are recognised as the legitimate leaders in some resettlement areas, this study shows that their authority is being challenged in Insiza District’s resettlement area, covering Mpalawani, Gwamanyanga, Mpopoti and Lambamayi. The study also highlights how different people define autochthony, tradition and belonging in Zimbabwe’s resettled areas.
Determine Shear wave velocities and Elasto-Dynamic properties for Nassiriya Refinery project in Thi qar Governorate- Nassiriya District- South of Iraq
Authors: Fakher Ahmed Jalal , Hassan Ahmed Salman
Published: June 2021

Four seismic refraction profiles for both compressional (P) and shear (S) waves had been surveyed within Nassiriya District/Thi Qar Governorate, South of Iraq, by the use of two impacts; normal and reverse shootings. This technique was done in order to delineate depths and thicknesses of the layers (soils) also elastic modulus were calculated for Knowledge a nature of the area soil to build engineering facilities. The calculations demonstrate that there are three shallow subsurface layers were found. The average of velocities and thicknesses of the first layer are equal to 645.95, 271.6 m/sec and 4.75 m, and for the second one 1130.55, 506 m/sec and 4.5m. and for the third one are 1666.6, 714 m/sec and 12.for each P and S-waves respectively. Moreover, Site engineering information including geotechnical properties were also measured and analyzed to enhance the main targets of this study, where the mean dynamic elastic constants were ranged between {κ=(597.92-4376.06) Mpa, μ=(138.31-1063.43) Mpa, E=(385.23-2951.24) Mpa and, σ=(0.39-0.38)}.
Novel method for determination of Zinc in some pharmaceutics using new prepared reagent of methyl phenol
Authors: Ali Shihad Arshed A. , Hessoon Haider M. , Karam Faiq F. , Al-Adilee Khalid J.
Published: June 2021

This work studied the amalgamation and portrayal of another Azo-Schiff base ligand and its utilization of zinc in certain medications. Azo 2-(E)- (1H-benzo[d]Imidazol-2-yl)diazenyl)- 5-((E)- (4-Chlorophenylimino)methyl)phenol.(BIACMebp) has been incorporated after the closely resembling system and Al-Adilee et.al., with some adjustment in a two-venture measure, in the initial step, 2-Amino benzimidazole (1.33 g) was blended in with hydrochloric corrosive 3ml In (thirty mL) refined water and diazotized under 5 °C with sodium nitrite NaNO2 (0.75 gm,0.01mol, broke up in 20 ml refined water) was included drops, and in the next step the diazonium chloride compound is then combined with 3-(4-Chlorobenzylideneamino)phenol(CBAP) (2.31 gm,0.01 mol), disintegrated in combination from 60 ml ethanol and 18 ml sodium hydroxide(5%) Pour the blend for 1 hour at a temperature of 5-0 m. The readied azo where inspected by various phantom procedure in wording, C.H.N natural investigations, metal substance, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR and mass spectra contemplates. The metal ligand proportion (M:L) in alcoholic watery arrangements controlled by mole proportion methodand it demonstrates 1:1 for the complex. Additionally, the strength constants for the complex with zinc has been determined frightfully by UV-Vis technique. All outcomes show this complex has high strength. The systematic applications have been achieved in medication (zinc sulfat) for several companies (zincodin (Aktive) 25 mg, Zinc (Kontam) 35 mg, Zinc Sulfate (Jink.) 20 mg.
Removal of Cadmium(II) ion from aqueous solutions by the outer layer of Onion
Authors: El-Ajaily Marei M. , Alhaj Hania B. , Erdeni Abid A. , Al-Noor Taghreed H. , Al-Mabrouk Sami H.
Published: June 2021

Cadmium element is one of the group IIB and classified as heavy metal and effects on human health and environment. The present work concerns with the biosorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution using the outer layer of onions. Adsorption of the used ions was found to be pH dependent and maximum removal of the ions by outer layer of onions and was found to be 99.7%.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Heterocyclic Azo-Schiff Base Ligand derived from 2-Amino-5-methyl thiazol and some Transition Metal Ions
Authors: Al-Adilee Khalid Jawad , Hasan Sarah Riyadh
Published: June 2021

A new dye with a, heterocyclic azo-Schiff base has been produced,. synthesized is being studied 5-(((E)-4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)amino)-2-((E)-(5-methylthiazol-2-yl)diazenyl) phenol (LH) fromareaction of 2-amino-5-methyl thiazole with (dimethylamino) benzaldehyde, 3-amino phenol. Azo-Schiff base ligand reacted and including some metal ions, such as Fe(II), Co (III), Ni(II) forming chelates complex. They characterized by various analytical techniques like UV-Visb, H1-NMR, 13C- NMR spectroscopic, Molar conductance, FT-IR, Mass spectra, X-ray and FESEM elemental analysis also, The mole ratio, according to spectral tests, is [M:L] for complexes was [1:2].. This study also included the biological activity in the case of sensitive species Antibacterials include Escherichia coli (gram negative), Streptococcus (gram positive), and Penicillium (fungal)..It has been noticed that some complexes are very effective against. Azo ligand and Co(III) Complex show cytotoxis action against human Breast cancer cell line. The findings suggested that it could be used as an anti-cancer drug in medicine and pharmacy.