bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interrelationship between Migration, Employment and Economic Growth in the United States: A Dynamic Analysis from 1990 to 2022
Authors: Rajkhan O. M.
Published: November 2024

The study aims to explore the intricate relationships between migration flows, employment dynamics, and economic growth in the United States from 1990 to 2022. Specifically, it assesses the impact of refugee admissions and legal permanent residents on GDP and GDP per capita in both the short and long term. A comprehensive econometric approach was employed, including correlation analysis, regression modeling, and dynamic trend evaluation. The study tested three hypotheses concerning the effects of employment growth on GDP, the distinct impacts of different migration flows, and the influence of these factors on employment rates. The study utilizes data from Statista for employment and migration figures, and GDP data from the World Bank. The analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between employment rates and GDP (r = - 0.701, p < 0.001) and GDP per capita (r = - 0.686, p < 0.001), indicating that declining employment rates are associated with increased economic output. Employment growth, counterintuitively, correlates negatively with GDP, suggesting that other factors such as productivity and technological advancements offset labor market contractions. Key results highlight the differentiated economic contributions of various migrant categories and their implications for policy. The findings underscore the complex and multifaceted nature of migration’s impact on the U.S. economy. While migration generally contributes positively in the long term, short-term challenges, particularly from refugee admissions, can strain economic resources. The study highlights the need for tailored economic and integration policies to maximize the benefits of migration while mitigating its challenges.
State Regulation of Employment in Kazakhstan: Labor Market and Ways of Development
Authors: Smagulova G. S. , Barzhaksyyeva A. A.
Published: November 2024

State regulation of population employment (hereinafter – SREP) is critical in ensuring national stability and prosperity. The present study aims to explore avenues for enhancing SREP in Kazakhstan and formulate actionable implementation proposals. The methodology employed encompasses scientific abstraction, comparative analysis through induction and deduction, communication analysis, statistical data analysis, and an integrated approach to generate comprehensive insights. The study reveals a 1-3% increase in the workforce and self-employed individuals over the past three years, which signifies moderate but consistent growth in labor participation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary 2% rise in unemployment in 2022, a setback followed by a reduction to 1% by the end of 2023, indicating a gradual improvement in labor market conditions. The study proposes innovative measures aimed at fostering job creation, especially in emerging sectors such as information technology and the “green” economy, emphasizing the need for strategic investment in these areas. Furthermore, recommendations are provided to support entrepreneurship and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which are pivotal for sustainable employment growth. The findings of this research indicate that the proposed measures have the potential to enhance employment levels and contribute to overall economic growth significantly. The contribution of this study lies in identifying effective strategies for further development and enhancement of SREP to increase employment opportunities and promote economic resilience in Kazakhstan. Future research will examine the impact of legislative changes on employment, the implications of automation and digitalization, and provide a comparative analysis of successful international employment regulation practices.
R&D Expenditures and Their Impact on Innovation in the Digital Era: A Kazakhstan Perspective
Authors: Seitkan G. G. , Karacsony P. , Zaitenova N. K. , Konysbay A.
Published: November 2024

The article aims to assess the relationship between research and development costs and the level of innovation activity of enterprises in Kazakhstan. The research methodology involves correlation analysis, applying quantitative methods to analyze the collected data from official statistical yearbooks from 2007 to 2022. Correlation analysis with five variables on innovation activity and the impact of research and development costs on that, using Excel and Smart PLS 4 programs were used. According to the results of research, there was a positive impact of R&D expenditure on the level of innovation activity of enterprises mostly, secondly on the ratio of innovative product to gross domestic product, volume of innovative products (goods, services), and showing not so strong correlation on costs of product and process innovations. Digital hubs perform as an ecosystem with a network approach, including organizations in a region to undergo digital transformation in the era of the digital economy and digital technologies. The results of current research might be helpful to academicians and public administration. The originality of the study consists in assessing the impact of R&D expenditure on innovation management in a particular level of innovation activity, the share of innovative products about GDP, costs of product and process innovations, the volume of innovative products (goods, services) to a proper subsequent further contribution. As a result, it is recommended that policy measures focus on enhancing digital infrastructure and supporting R&D investments to ensure sustained innovation performance and economic development.
Optimizing Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia: The Impact of Islamic Microfinance on Farmer Communities
Authors: Mahfudz A. A. , Ahmad R. A. , Maulana H.
Published: November 2024

The emergence of Islamic microfinance in Indonesia has become an urgent necessity to provide financing for people experiencing poverty in rural areas. Providing interest-free funding is a solution to help people experiencing poverty improve their income through Islamic philanthropic funds such as zakat, infaq, and sadaqah. This study aims to show the Islamic microfinance model that can be applied by villages in Indonesia and utilize the village’s potential as a model for Islamic microfinance to alleviate poverty. This research undertakes quantitative research by employing SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis with the Lisrel 8.80 tool. The results of this study found that Islamic microfinance models such as zakat and infaq significantly improve the quality of life of communities through the provision of goods and interest-free loans. Specifically, the analysis revealed that zakat and infaq contributions positively affected community income, with a t-value of 2.54 and 2.74, respectively, indicating significant statistical influence. However, it was found that sadaqah contributions have a lower influence on community income because the programs funded through this source occur only once a year, prompting communities to seek other sources of loans for their needs. This study implies that Islamic philanthropy institutions provide the best solution to empower farmers’ communities with new models and strategies. The novelty of this study is the Islamic microfinance model through optimizing Islamic social funds to alleviate poverty. Different research methodology using a quantitative approach is recommended for future research to enrich the literature in this field.
The Impact of International Cooperation on the Development of Renewable Energy Sources in Kazakhstan
Authors: Smagulova A. S. , Kenzhegulova G. K. , Satpayeva Z. T. , Myrzakhmetova A. M. , Yerimpasheva A. T.
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, renewable energy sources (hereinafter - RES) have become an increasingly important component of global energy policy, especially in the context of the need for sustainable development and the fight against climate change. This study analyzes the role of international cooperation in the development of RES in Kazakhstan and assesses its impact on national strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to sustainable energy. The research employs cluster analysis to identify groups of partner countries with similar energy and environmental profiles, complemented by Ward’s dendrogram and scenario analysis to predict the future directions of international cooperation. Data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including greenhouse gas emissions, the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption, water resource availability, fuel exports, and energy intensity, were utilized. Three main clusters were identified: countries with advanced technologies in the field of RES, countries with emerging RES markets, and countries focused on hydrocarbon exports but seeking to diversify their energy resources. Cluster analysis revealed that Kazakhstan falls into the group with high energy intensity and a low share of RES in the energy balance (1.8%). Scenario analysis demonstrated that with active international cooperation, the share of RES in Kazakhstan could increase to 10-12% by 2030, and energy intensity could decrease, leading to a reduction in CO2 emissions. For future research, an in-depth analysis of Kazakhstan’s international cooperation in the field of renewable energy sources with an emphasis on regional specifics is recommended.
Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Informatika Menggunakan Adobe Animate di MTsN 2 Agam
Authors: Rahayu Eka Sri , Okra Riri , Musril Hari Antoni , Derta Sarwo
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada wawancara dengan Wariski, S.Pd., guru kelas VII informatika MTsN 2 Agam, serta beberapa siswa kelas VII lainnya pada tanggal 20 Maret 2024. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, ditemukan bahwa metode pengajaran menggunakan buku LKS dan papan tulis, yang dilengkapi dengan penjelasan guru serta praktik langsung, masih kurang efektif dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa di bidang informatika. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis Adobe Animate sebagai alternatif yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas proses pembelajaran informatika. Pengembangan media pembelajaran ini menggunakan model Decide, Design, Develop, Evaluate (DDD-E) dalam kerangka penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Proses ini melibatkan empat tahapan, yaitu (1) Decide atau perencanaan, (2) Design atau perancangan, (3) Develop atau pengembangan, dan (4) Evaluate atau evaluasi, yang bertujuan untuk menguji dan menilai media yang dihasilkan agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan pembelajaran. Validitas media diuji dengan menggunakan metode statistik Aiken’s V, kepraktisan dievaluasi dengan momen kappa, dan efektivitasnya diuji menggunakan metode G-Score dari Richard R. Hake. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media berbasis Adobe Animate ini dinilai valid oleh tiga validator dengan skor rata-rata 0,93, dinilai sangat praktis oleh dua pewawancara dengan rata-rata 0,79, dan dinilai sangat efektif oleh dua puluh siswa dengan rata-rata 0,72. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Adobe Animate sebagai media pembelajaran informatika di MTsN 2 Agam mampu meningkatkan kualitas dan efektivitas proses pembelajaran.
An Analysis of English Mid-Term Test Items at the 7th Grade Students of SMPN 7 Bukittinggi
Authors: Raihana Salsa Billa , Dewi Merry Prima , Syahrul Syahrul , Irwandi Irwandi
Published: November 2024

This study was motivated by several problems, such as the mismatch between the test questions and the material learned, unclear question instructions, and the lack of statistical analysis by English teachers. The main objective of this study was to identify the quality of English midterm test items for grade 7th students at SMPN 7 Bukittinggi, focusing on Validity, Reliability, difficulty level, Discrimination Power, and Distractor Effectiveness. The research method used was Quantitative Descriptive, with data collection through student answer sheets and analysis using various statistical formulas, including Point Biserial Correlation for validity, Spearman-Brown for reliability, and Narsya's formula for difficulty level and differentiating power, as well as Djumingin's formula for effectiveness. The results showed that most of the items were valid, and reliable, had a moderate difficulty level, and had good discriminating power, with only a few items showing minor problems. Overall, the English midterm exam items were considered good quality.
Advancements in HIV/AIDS Cure Research: Effects on Patient Adherence and Behavioral Trends in the General Population a Scoping Review
Authors: Otieno Oginga Fredrick , Akal Edung Felisters , Kulimankudya Vasco Dominic , Lijodi Brenda , Motari Jeremiah , Stephen Okila Charles
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Despite significant global efforts, HIV/AIDS remains a major health issue, with over 39 million people living with HIV worldwide (UNAIDS, 2024). Although Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has improved management, a definitive cure remains elusive. Recent advancements in HIV cure research include functional and sterilizing cures. Functional cures aim to suppress the virus without daily ART, while sterilizing cures seek complete eradication. Breakthroughs in gene editing, stem cell transplants, and latency-reversing agents (LRAs) offer promise but face challenges. Research Gap: The effect of cure-related optimism on patient behavior and ART adherence is underexplored. While optimism may enhance adherence by motivating patients, it could also lead to reduced compliance and risky behaviors. This review investigates how optimism about potential cures impacts ART adherence and behavioral tendencies in HIV-positive individuals. Trends and Impact: Functional cures manage HIV with minimal ART, while sterilizing cures strive for total eradication. Gene editing, stem cell transplants, and LRAs are key recent advancements. Optimism about these cures may boost adherence but also risk reduced compliance and unsafe practices. This review aims to highlight the need for balanced public health strategies to maintain effective ART adherence amid evolving cure research.
HUMANIZED PRENATAL CARE
Authors: Antonia Rocha Fiorott Maria , Martins Eller Lara , Siqueira Neto José , Brandão Coelho Ingrid , Dadalto Scarpati Elza , Sarlo Pinheiro Alice , Altoé Pipa Silva Ivelize , Maia Cruz Brazuna Ricardo , Cesar Ferreira Alex , Fernandes Ragonha Giovanna , Maria Moreno Lobo Marcelle , Castro Narduci Jessica , Vita de Sá Julia , De Assis Miranda Mariana , Monteiro Cordeiro de Alvarenga Jaís
Published: November 2024

Humanized prenatal care is a concept that aims to ensure that pregnant women receive respectful and personalized care, promoting an emotionally supportive and welcoming environment during pregnancy. This approach aims not only to ensure the physical health of the mother and fetus, but also to improve the psychological and emotional well-being of women during pregnancy, which can have a positive impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Studies have shown that a humanized approach is a determining factor in reducing complications during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as strengthening the bond between mother and baby. This summary seeks to analyze the influence of humanized care during prenatal care on maternal and fetal outcomes, discussing the importance of welcoming and personalized practices for increasing the quality of care. It also examines how humanized care can have a positive impact on both the physical and emotional health of pregnant women, promoting more favorable outcomes for mother and baby. This study used a qualitative methodology based on a literature review, focusing on humanization practices in prenatal care, exploring their impact on maternal and fetal health and public policy guidelines in Brazil. Humanized prenatal care involves practices such as respect for the autonomy of the pregnant woman, active listening, inclusion of the family in the process and psychological support, as well as comprehensive care for the woman’s physical health. Research shows that pregnant women who receive this type of care have lower rates of anxiety and depression, factors that are associated with obstetric complications and negative outcomes. In addition, humanized care contributes to pregnant women’s adherence to prenatal appointments and tests, reducing the risks of premature births, low birth weight and neonatal mortality. Care that respects a woman’s individuality also facilitates the control of conditions such as hypertension and gestational diabetes, promoting a safer pregnancy. Humanized prenatal care therefore plays a crucial role in maternal and fetal outcomes, promoting a healthier pregnancy and reducing the risks associated with labour and birth. In addition to improving the physical health of the mother and fetus, humanized care strengthens the emotional health of the pregnant woman and facilitates the mother-baby bond, factors that are essential for the healthy development of the newborn. The implementation of humanized practices in health services is therefore a fundamental strategy for improving the quality of prenatal care and promoting better outcomes for mothers and babies.
Breaking Barriers: Research and Development of Infinity Vocabulary Game App to Improve English Vocabulary of Fifth Graders
Authors: Kristanto Yenny , Tambunan Aripin , Winardi Yonathan
Published: November 2024

Learning English at the primary school level holds significant relevance in preparing students to face global challenges in the future. Appropriate technology can support English language Learning, allowing students to experience maximum development. This research elaborates on developing and utilizing the Infinity Vocabulary Game App, which is tailored to meet the needs and enhance the English vocabulary of grade 5 students in Tangerang. The study utilized the ADDIE model, which covered analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, along with a quantitative experimental approach. A pretest-posttest design was applied involving 66 participants of grade 5 students from SDN Sewan Kebon, divided into an experimental group (28 students), a control group (28 students), and a small-scale test group (10 students). Data collection tools, including observations, interviews, rubrics, questionnaires, and the Infinity game application, have been validated by experts. The N-Gain test showed a high effectiveness score of 0.72. The Mann-Whitney test revealed significant differences in average scores between the experimental and control groups. The research indicated that the Infinity game application was efficient and significantly improved students' English vocabulary. Furthermore, the students experienced high satisfaction and motivation when using the Infinity game application.
ОЦЕНКА УСПЕШНОСТИ ЕСТЕСТВЕННОГО ВОЗОБНОВЛЕНИЯ СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ В ПРИГОРОДНЫХ ЛЕСАХ БАРНАУЛА
Authors: А.А. Малиновских
Published: November 2024

В связи с необходимостью сохранения лесных насаждений в городских и пригородных лесах данные об их способности к возобновлению становятся все более актуальны- ми. Вопрос о функциональном зонировании и благоустройстве зеленых зон городов остается открытым, в том числе по причине отсутствия точных данных об их состоянии. Материалы лесоустройства содержат неполные, часто устаревшие данные о лесных насаждениях в пригородных лесах. Цель нашего исследования состояла в получении актуальных точных данных о естествен- ном возобновлении сосны обыкновенной в лесах зеленой зоны г. Барнаула, их анализе и оценке успешности возобновления на лесотипологической основе. По данным учета возобновления сосны на 12 пробных площадях, расположенных на разном удалении от черты города, составлены таблицы распределения подроста на группы высот, возраста и жизненного состояния. В зоне интенсивной антропогенной деятельности (0–15 км от черты города) возобновление сосны не- равномерное, нередко отсутствует, поэтому не может считаться успешным. Сосновые насаждения в зоне слабой антропогенной деятельности (34 км от черты города) имеют устойчивое естественное возобновление. Полученные данные дают возможность выделения функциональных зон в пригородных лесах Барнаула, назначении лесовосстановительных мероприятий.

In connection with the need to preserve forest plantations in urban and suburban forests, data on their ability to regenerate becomes increasingly relevant. The question of functional zoning and improvement of green areas of cities remains open, including due to the lack of accurate data on their condition. Forest inventory materials contain incomplete, often outdated data on forest plantations in suburban forests. The research goal was to obtain current and accurate data on the natural regeneration of Scots pine in the forests of the green zone of the City of Barnaul, their analysis and evaluation of the regeneration success on forest typology basis. Based on the records of pine regeneration on 12 sample plots located at different distances from the city limits, tables of the undergrowth distribution into groups of height, age and vital status were compiled. In the zone of intense anthropogenic activity (0–15 km from the city limits), pine regeneration is uneven, often absent, and therefore cannot be considered successful. Pine plantations in the zone of weak anthropogenic activity (34 km from the city limits) have a stable natural renewal. The data obtained make it possible to identify functional zones in the suburban forests of the City of Barnaul and provide for reforestation measures.
СОЗДАНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ЛЕСОТАКСАЦИОННОЙ БАЗЫ ДАННЫХ
Authors: А.И. Чермных , И.В. Безденежных , С.В. Залесов , Н.М. Итешина , С.М. Жижин
Published: November 2024

Проанализирована методика формирования электронных баз данных лесоустроительных материалов. Указанные базы представляют собой детализированную информацию о лесных насаждениях, которая включает в себя основные таксационные параметры, а также другие данные, способные составить основу для анализа динамики состояния и развития лесов. Электронные базы данных формируются преимущественно по территориальному принципу и объединяют лесной фонд в границах арендного участка, участкового лесничества, лесничества и т. п. Для легкого анализа большого объема данных необходимо формировать структурированную цифровую базу данных лесных участков с закрепленным порядком необходимых таксационных показателей и разграничением показателей. В работе приведены способы устранения систематических и случайных ошибок при составлении электронных баз данных.

The article deals with the methodology for creating electronic databases of forest management materials. These databases represent detailed information on forest plantations which include basic taxation parameters as well as information as well as on the location of states and other data that can form the bases for analyzing the dynamics of the state and development of forests. Electronic database is formed primarily on a territorial basis and combines the Forest Fund within the boundaries of the lease area of the district forestry forutry etc. For lasy analysis of a large volum of data it is necessary to create a structural digital database of forest plots, with a fexed order of a the necessary taxation indicators and differentiation of indicators by adding various data. The paper provides ways to eliminate systematic and random errors when compiling an electronic database. Keywords: taxation of plantings, forest management materials, electronic databases
El Salvador en transición ; La dirección del personal. Iniciación a la psicologia industrial ; Maneras de llover ; Jesucristo, catecumenado para universitarios, 1
Authors: B. V.  , Cabrera Erick , I. L. V.  , I. P.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 38, No. 411, 1983: 91-97.
Suatu Kajian Nilai-Nilai Gaya Servant Leadership dalam Ajaran Yesus Kristus
Authors: Harefa Darmianus
Published: November 2024

Kepemimpinan Melayani (servant Leadership) merupakan pendekatan kepemimpinan dimana seorang pemimpin akan mefokuskan dirinya untuk melayani karyawan atau anggota pengurus.  Kepemimpinan pelayan yang karakteristiknya mengutamakan kepentingan orang lain daripada kepentingannya sendiri dan berusaha untuk bisa memenuhi dan melayani kebutuhan orang lain maka penelitian ini mefokuskan kajiannya pada nilai ajaran dan kehidupan Yesus tentang servant leader. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi pendekatan terhadap berbagai literatur yang ada. Penulis menyusun literatur yang bertemakan kepemimpinan baik yang sekuler maupun yang bersifat spiritual dalam rumpun etis teologi Kristen melalui buku dan jurnal kepemimpinan. Hasil kajian ini diperoleh suatu kesimpulan tentang nilai-nilai esensi dari ajaran Yesus tentang kepemimpinan pelayan yang didalamnya memuat kebenaran, kasih, kerendahan hati dan kerelaan untuk melayani. Nilai  pengajaran Yesus terhadap  kepemimpinan pelayan pertama terletak pada pengorbankan diri seorang pemimpin untuk kepentingan anggota tim dengan landasan kerelaan, dan  yang Kedua, adalah nilai kepemimpinan pelayan ada pada kerelaan menjadi hamba untuk melayani dan bukan keinginan kekuasaan.
RELÍQUIAS DA NAÇÃO: IMPACTOS SOBRE A EXPORTAÇÃO ILEGAL DE ARTEFATOS NACIONAIS
Authors: Possato Gisele , Silva Kayky Fonseca da , Abrão Junior Ali Antônio
Published: November 2024

A exportação ilegal de fósseis no Ceará, especialmente na Bacia do Araripe, representa um problema crescente que envolve o tráfico de patrimônio paleontológico de valor inestimável. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar as práticas ilegais de extração e exportação de fósseis e identificar as lacunas na fiscalização. Os objetivos específicos incluem a análise da legislação vigente, a avaliação da atuação do Estado e a compreensão das consequências do tráfico de fósseis. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma pesquisa documental, e uma análise da legislação, com ênfase na Lei de Proteção ao Patrimônio Paleontológico. O problema de pesquisa aborda a eficácia das medidas de proteção e fiscalização do patrimônio paleontológico no Ceará. Os resultados alcançados demonstram que, apesar da existência de legislações específicas, a fiscalização é insuficiente, resultando na perda de fósseis valiosos e na degradação do patrimônio. A conclusão aponta para a necessidade urgente de implementar políticas públicas mais robustas e de aumentar a conscientização sobre a importância da preservação desse patrimônio, visando coibir a exportação ilegal de fósseis e proteger a riqueza paleontológica do Brasil.
De la thermodynamique de l’équilibre à la thermodynamique irréversible
Authors: FEIDT Michel
Published: November 2024

Ce chapitre rapporte de la thermodynamique classique de l’équilibre. Appliqué à la chaleur et aux moteurs : cycle de Carnot, Energie, puissance puis rendement. Les bases de la thermodynamique restituent les résultats classiques, mais ouvrent aussi sur le compromis à venir entre transfert et conversion d’énergie.
Thermodynamique à vitesse finie
Authors: PETRESCU Stoian , COSTEA Monica
Published: November 2024

Ce chapitre porte sur la thermodynamique à vitesse finie. Cette démarche qui combine1er et sd principe pour les processus a vitesse finie aboutit à la méthode dite directe. Elle est appliquée aux moteurs de Stirling, Carnot, Otto, diesel .il en résulte une étude analytique de la puissance optimale et l’efficacité du moteur. On insiste sur la production d entropie par forfait ou ratio.
Bioraffinerie de ressources marines par la technologie de modification du pH
Authors: ABDOLLAHI Mehdi
Published: November 2024

Le concept de bioraffinerie bleue est une voie très prometteuse pour utiliser pleinement les biomasses aquatiques. Dans ce chapitre, la technologie de modification du pH est décrite comme un moyen de bioraffinage et des exemples d'utilisation de cette technologie pour l'extraction parallèle de protéines gélifiantes de haute qualité, d'huile de poisson pressée à froid et de collagène marin sont présentés.
Traçabilité et authenticité des poissons
Authors: GONZÀLEZ SOTELO Carmen , GUNNLAUGSSON Valur , SCHRÖDER Ute , MENDES Rogério , KAPPEL Kristina , SILVA Helena , VERREZ-BAGNIS Véronique
Published: November 2024

Du fait de la mondialisation du commerce, la chaîne d’'approvisionnement en produits de la mer est vulnérable et sujette au développement de « voies obscures » (pêche INN, fraude …). Les questions de traçabilité, les méthodes analytiques actuelles pour le contrôle de la traçabilité et de l’'authenticité des produits de la mer, ainsi que les méthodes émergentes sont abordées.
Le fumage : une technique d’aromatisation et de conservation
Authors: BARON Régis
Published: November 2024

Ce chapitre est consacré à la fumaison des produits de la mer avec une attention particulière pour le saumon fumé à froid. Le rôle des principales étapes de fabrication est passé en revue. Les facteurs influençant la conservation du produit sont ensuite décrits. La dernière partie se focalise sur les différentes techniques les plus courantes en salage, séchage et fumage.
The Indo–Pacific Pollen Database – a Neotoma constituent database
Authors: Herbert Annika V. , Haberle Simon G. , Flantua Suzette G. A. , Mottl Ondrej , Blois Jessica L. , Williams John W. , George Adrian , Hope Geoff S.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The Indo–Pacific Pollen Database (IPPD) is the brainchild of the late professor Geoffrey Hope, who gathered pollen records from across the region to ensure their preservation for future generations of palaeoecologists. This noble aim is now being fulfilled by integrating the IPPD into the online Neotoma Paleoecology Database, making this compilation available for public use. Here we explore the database in depth and suggest directions for future research. The IPPD comprises 226 fossil pollen records, most postdating 20 ka but with some extending as far back as 50 ka or further. Over 80 % of the records are Australian, with a fairly even distribution between the different Australian geographical regions, with the notable exception being Western Australia, which is only represented by three records. The records are also well distributed in the modern climate space, with the largest gap being in drier regions due to preservation issues. However, many of the records contain few samples or have fewer than five chronology control points, such as radiocarbon, luminescence or Pb-210, for the younger sequences. Average deposition time for the whole database, counted as years per centimetre, is 64.8 yr cm−1, with 61 % of the records having a deposition time shorter than 50 yr cm−1. The slowest deposition time by geographical region occurs on Australia's east coast, while the fastest times are from the western Pacific. Overall, Australia has a slower deposition time than the rest of the Indo–Pacific region. The IPPD offers many exciting research opportunities to investigate past regional vegetation changes and associated drivers, including contrasting the impact of the first human arrival and European colonisation on vegetation. Examining spatiotemporal patterns of diversity and compositional turnover/rate of change, land cover reconstructions, and plant functional or trait diversity are other avenues of potential research, amongst many others. Merging the IPPD into Neotoma also facilitates inclusion of data from the Indo–Pacific region into global syntheses.
Collision with Seamount Triggers Breakup of Antarctic Iceberg
Authors: Wang Xianwei , Gudmundsson Hilmar , Holland David
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Iceberg A68a calved from Larsen C ice shelf, experienced several major calving when drifting around the South Georgia Island in late 2020. Here, we show for the first time that the decisive factor for its calving was a collision with the surrounding seamount. By treating the iceberg as a deformable body in an established ice-flow model, we show how its collision with the seafloor created huge stresses within the iceberg that led to its disintegration. The drifting and rotating of the iceberg, while grounded, further enhanced its breakup. Moving over a grounded shoal increased the tensile stresses by a factor of almost one hundred more than immobile grounding alone, and rotational motion about the pinning point increased the stresses by another twenty percent. Modeling the fracture and breakup of a large tabular iceberg is an essential step toward better understanding the life cycle of an iceberg. The possible collapse of the marine-based sectors of the great ice sheets in a warming world may lead to a massive increase in the number of icebergs in the surrounding oceans. It will be crucial to be able to understand where such icebergs drift and how they ultimately disintegrate into the ocean.
A high-quality Data Set for seismological studies in the East Anatolian Fault Zone, Türkiye
Authors: Colavitti Leonardo , Bindi Dino , Tarchini Gabriele , Scafidi Davide , Picozzi Matteo , Spallarossa Daniele
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This work aims to develop and share a high-quality seismic dataset for the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), which is a highly active seismic area that is prone to earthquakes, as evidenced by the two major earthquakes of magnitude 7.8 and 7.6 that occurred on February 6, 2023 in central Türkiye and northern and western Syria. The dataset described here (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13838992, Colavitti et al., 2024) encompasses seismic events from January 1, 2019, to February 29, 2024, focusing on small-to-moderate earthquakes from ML between 2.0 and 5.5 and is intended as a useful tool for researchers working on seismic source characterization and strong motion parameters. The dataset consists of 9,442 events recorded by 271 stations and includes a total of 270,704 seismic phases (148,223 P and 122,481 S). The Complete Automatic Seismic Processor (CASP) software package ensures accurate arrival times and refined earthquake locations, while the local magnitude is calibrated using a non-parametric approach. In addition to the earthquake catalog, the dataset features strong motion parameters such as selected Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), as well as Fourier Amplitude Spectra (FAS) in the frequency range from 0.05 to 47.2 Hz. The disseminated product aims to support applications in spectral decomposition using the Generalized Inversion Technique (GIT), promote investigations in Local Earthquake Tomography (LET) and contribute to the development of Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs). Long-term objectives include studying the spatio-temporal evolution of seismicity to identify preparatory processes for significant earthquakes, integrating this data with geodetic investigations, and enhancing earthquake hazard assessments.
Google Earth Engine-based Mangrove Mapping and Change Detections for Sustainable Development in Tien Yen District, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Manh Ha , Nguyen Ngoc Thang , Ryadi Gabriel Yedaya Immanuel , Nguyen Manh Van , Duong Thi Loi , Lin Chao-Hung , Nguyen Thanh Binh
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Vietnam secures a place among the top countries that possess the largest mangrove areas worldwide. The mangrove forests are mainly found in the Northern, Northeast, Central and Southern Delta, providing goods to habitants, and make significant help mitigate global climate change. Despite this, mangroves are severely threatened because of extensive deforestation in Vietnam. Recent advances have utilized remotely sensed imagery to present the spatial and temporal distribution of mangroves. Nevertheless, the approach is limited by imagery availability and computing resources, and difficult to share within the community. Therefore, a shareable Web-based tool that reinforces coastal managers to monitor the changes in mangroves is needed. Recently, Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based geospatial analysis platform, which allows users to freely exploit the availability of satellite imagery and harness their computing capacity. This research aims to use GEE to detect mangrove changes, a case study in Tien Yen district, Quang Ninh, over a period from 2010 to 2020. Four supervised classification algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes classifier, and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) have been implemented on GEE platform to select the best algorithm to produce spatial-temporal mangrove maps, then change detection of mangroves is performed. The results showed that RF demonstrated the highest accuracy with overall accuracy and kappa values of 91.04% and 0.75 respectively. The mangrove areas statistically reported by the GEE-based platform are in line with the governmental statistic report annually, marking the capabilities of GEE in natural resource management.
Enhancing Government Capacity for Air Quality Management in the Philippines through Geospatial Technologies: A Case of Project AiRMoVE
Authors: Ramos Roseanne , Tamondong Ayin , Torres Rodyvito Angelo , Recto Bernadette Anne , Panlilio Katelene , Sta. Ana Raymund Rhommel , Tinio Maria Louella , Yumul-Calzado Teodora , Carcellar III Bienvenido , Cayetano Mylene
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Air quality management is crucial in the Philippines due to its profound implications for public health, ecosystems, and sustainable development. Project AiRMoVE, short for the Ambient Air Remote Sensing, Modeling, and Visualization Environment project, aims to enhance air quality management through engineering solutions and geospatial technologies such as remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GIS) and numerical modeling. Implemented by the University of the Philippines Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry (UP TCAGP), Project AiRMoVE collaborates with key stakeholders to identify attainment and non-attainment areas in the National Capital Region (NCR) for air quality monitoring. This paper provides an overview of Project AiRMoVE's objectives, methodologies, and outcomes, emphasizing the significance of RS and GIS in revolutionizing air quality monitoring and management. It underscores a systematic approach adopted in enhancing government capacity for air quality management -- a combination of workshops, technical trainings, and stakeholders' forums.
Geomatics: Technology and Applications - A Training Programme for Women Scientists
Authors: Rawal Darshana , Vyas Anjana
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Geomatics, also known as geospatial technology and geomatics engineering, analyzes spatially referenced geographical information. Geomatics is a scientific term. It consists of tools and techniques. Technology is advancing, and modern Geomatics has the utility of maps by analyzing it with many coverages, each with interrelated themes combined to give meaningful answers for decision-makers. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to analyze spatial and nonspatial parameters together for decision-making at the local and global levels. Spatial information represented in the form of thematic maps about the respective attribute data, the system called, Geographical Information System (GIS), has been more popular during the last decades in government and private sectors. The decision support system can take input of data from these sources and analyze multiple parameters together to plan and manage available resources. This training program was intended for women scientists, researchers, academia, and professionals who were engaged and using spatial information, and who wanted to add and upgrade their skills. It was anticipated that a proportion of the trainee participants would come from research and academia. This training program helped participants generate interest in the use of GIS technology in their respective research and professional domains. This paper elaborately describes the process, and structure of the short-term capacity-building training program, and its usefulness for young scientists and professionals, specifically a target group is ‘women in science’ who have not been able to remain in the continue its use and are interested in building a career in geospatial technology field.
Accuracy Assessment of an Image-Based Cloud-Based Indoor Mapping Platform as an Alternative for Desktop Applications
Authors: Claridades Alexis Richard C. , Atara Denrazir M.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The generation of 3D spatial datasets, especially in indoor space, has continually been a challenge in developing spatial applications that are aimed for the realistic representation of the real world. Despite their potential, the creation of 3D spatial data remains a challenge, particularly in terms of cost and complexity associated with traditional methods. While this method proves to be a reliable and accurate method of creating such data, this approach entails challenges in economic, computational, and human resource aspects. Alternatively, omnidirectional images have emerged as cost-effective alternatives for representing 3D spaces, offering a comprehensive field of view and facilitating the generation of structure and appearance representations through mesh-based 3D maps. This study evaluates the geometric accuracy of a cloud-based image-based mapping platform for generating 3D representations of indoor spaces, aiming to assess its suitability as an alternative to desktop-based platforms. We obtained 30 sample lines and compare respective measurements from each of the generated meshes to a ground truth value. Results show that while there are no significant differences in the mean errors, the mesh generated from a cloud-based platform produced minimal errors. This demonstrates the potential of this platform for generating 3D representations of indoor space, acceptable in both geometric accuracy and visualization capabilities.
Visualizing the Philippines’ SDG 11.3.1 Status and Progress Using Open-Source Geospatial Software and Earth Observation Datasets
Authors: Santillan Jojene R. , Heipke Christian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper presents the development and implementation of a web GIS-based application designed to visualize the status and progress of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Focusing specifically on SDG 11.3.1, which pertains to sustainable urbanization, we propose a prototype (accessible at https://ccgeoinformatics.github.io/sdg1131ph/) that leverages open-source geospatial software and earth observation (EO) datasets. By following the "where-when-what-how" framework of SDG visualization system development, we address the need for effective visualization methods while showcasing the potential of accessible datasets and technology in supporting sustainable development monitoring efforts across different administrative levels. We demonstrate the feasibility of the system in aiding policymakers and stakeholders in their decision-making processes toward achieving the SDGs by 2030. Additionally, our work exemplified how open-source software and EO datasets can address the challenges associated with SDG reporting, particularly in areas where both data and visualization tools are scarce or inaccessible. This paper also contributes to the ongoing discourse on SDG visualization and underscores the importance of localized analysis and visualization in understanding and addressing the challenges of sustainable urbanization using the example of the Philippines.
Near-Infrared Light and OpenCV as Components for Low-Cost Airborne Microplastic Detection Machine
Authors: Discutido Carl Dean J. , Sia Abraham Abner Lou R. , Dela Cruz Casey M.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Microplastic, resulting from the breakdown of larger plastic objects, poses substantial threats to ecosystems and human health. This research addresses the escalating environmental concern of airborne microplastics by developing a low-cost detection machine employing infrared sensors. The near-infrared light is attached to the machine for detection using the sensors. Different types of microplastic, specifically less than 5mm, are used. There are 3 types of plastics used for detection, 30 pieces each of polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyester microplastics. Each type of microplastic is tested for detection in different time frames, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 minutes each, and the three types of plastics are combined randomly for the last detection with the same number of minutes. Because of the final results, it can determine the effectiveness of the sensor in detecting airborne microplastics in terms of the number of correctly detected microplastics. In conclusion, this research advances our capacity to detect airborne microplastics, contributing to environmental conservation and public health protection. The detection machine's development and the insights gained from the study have broader implications for standardizing methodologies, advancing technology, and fostering collaborative efforts in addressing the challenges posed by airborne microplastics.
Studying Geodesy and Geoinformatics - a German university perspective
Authors: Heipke Christian , Schön Steffen
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper describes the discipline of geodesy and geoinformatics with a focus on university studies and career opportunities. It is shown how the disciplines contributes to the solutions of major societal challenges such as sustainable development, mobility and global change. Then, the structure of German universities is shortly explained, followed by an overview of where in the country the discipline can be studied. Finally, the example of Leibniz University Hannover, one of the prime centres of excellence in the field, is described in more detail. We thus hope to encourage young talents to consider this exciting field of studies for their future career.
Extracting above-ground biomass in areas corresponding to FAO’s definition of “Forest” using open geospatial data: Results for ASEAN
Authors: Johnson Brian A. , Umemiya Chisa , Tadono Takeo , Harada Mariko , Ochiai Osamu , Hamamoto Ko
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In this study, we extracted above-ground biomass (AGB) information for forests in different ecological zones of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) by integrating freely-available global AGB, forest, and ecological zone map products. Our objective was to assess the suitability of the data and proposed approach for national reporting of forest carbon stocks. We compared the satellite-derived AGB values of forests in ASEAN countries with the corresponding AGB values provided by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) in their Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (which are derived from ground-based measurements of forest AGB). For this, we used a map integration approach that ensures that AGB data is extracted from areas corresponding to the Food and Agricultural Association (FAO) of the UN’s definitions of “forest” and “ecological zones”, as recommended by the relevant IPCC Guidelines. We found that the average satellite-derived AGB values extracted for each ecological zone were generally lower than the values for natural forests (but higher than the values for plantation forests) provided in the IPCC Guidelines. Further investigation showed that this was partly due to the presence of many erroneously low AGB values for forests in the extracted results, caused by errors in the data masks applied to the original global AGB map, including masks of cropland, urban areas, bare soil, and water bodies. Our findings suggest that further processing is necessary before using satellite-derived data for national reporting of forest carbon stocks in ASEAN countries, and we give a few possible options for this.