bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative characteristics of growth of the scales from pink salmon in returns to Sakhalin Island (southeast coast) and Iturup Island in 2017 and 2018
Authors: Kaev A. M. , Romasenko L. V. , Kaev D. A.
Published: December 2020

Iturup Island (in southern Kuril Islands) and southeastern Sakhalin Island are known by the highest catches of salmons within the Sakhalin-Kuril region. The timing of pink salmon mass return to Iturup is 5–10 days later than to Sakhalin, and the females returned to Iturup have higher relative individual fecundity, on average. In 2014, an unexpected increase of pink salmon catches occurred on southeastern Sakhalin Island, with a simultaneous sharp decrease of the catches on Iturup Island. Assumption on appearance of Kuril pink salmon in the Sakhalin waters was confirmed by analysis of the scale parameters (number of sclerites and intercirculi distance in the first-year scale zone), dynamics of catches, and individual fecundity of females. Sharp opposite changes of the pink salmon catch dynamics were noted again for these areas in 2017 and 2018. Such changes of pink salmon abundance could be reasoned by environmental conditions of reproduction in these areas or new redistribution between two areas. To clarify the issue, complex analysis (same as for 2014) was applied for pink salmon at southeastern Sakhalin and Iturup in 2017 and 2018 (187 and 215 fish samples from Sakhalin and 194 and 152 fish samples from Iturup in these two years, respectively). The results were interpreted following the hypothesis of fluctuating stocks. Taking into account the complex of traits, there is concluded that the assumption about redistribution of pink salmon between southeastern Sakhalin and Iturup Island in 2017 and 2018 is untenable.
Size-age structure of oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Losos Bight (Aniva Bay, Okhotsk Sea)
Authors: Kim A. Ch. , Gon R. T.
Published: December 2020

Data on age structure, shell size (height, length, thickness) and weight of oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Losos Bight (Aniva Bay, Okhotsk Sea) are presented on results of the surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019. The size-age key for the total weight is plotted. The size-age structure is compared with oysters from other habitats.
State of aggregations and biological characteristics for mysid Neomysis awatschensis in the northern Amur Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea)
Authors: Sedova L. G. , Budnikova L. L.
Published: December 2020

Size and sex structure of estuarine-freshwater mysid Neomysis awatschensis in the northern Amur Bay is considered, time of their aggregations formation is determined, and their biomass is estimated on the data of surveys conducted in 2014–2019. The samples were collected at the depth of 0.5–2.0 m in the daytime in May-July. The catches were recalculated per 1 m3 of water. All collected mysids (2212 ind.) were measured under binocular microscope with accuracy of 0.1 mm, weighted by torsion scales with accuracy of 1 mg, and separated to males, females and juveniles. The females were differentiated by 5 stages of their development: 1) immature females with oostegetic rudiments; 2) oviparous females; 3) females with embryos in the marsupia bags without stalk-eyes with black pigment; 4) females with embryos in marsupia bags with black eyes; 5) spawned females with empty marsupii. Time and duration of N. awatschensis aggregating changed by years in dependence on hydrological and weather conditions; the aggregations were either monospecific or mixed with another mysid species — N. mirabilis. The maximum mysid biomass could exceed 500 g/m3 that was appropriate for commercial fishery. The maximum body length of mysid females was 13.7 mm, of males — 12.0 mm. The average length varied from 6.7 to 10.3 mm, being shorter in summer months than in May. Portion of males in the aggregations was always significant (16.3–50.7 %), portion of females varied from 8.7 to 52.5 %, portion of juveniles was the largest in June (29.9–75.0 %). The females to males ratio was 1 : 1 in May and July of 2014–2017, but males prevailed in June 2015 (1.0 : 1.9), whereas females prevailed in June 2016 (1.8 : 1.0). Spawning of the mysids was the most intensive in May-June, though females had embryos at different stages of development in all samples that indicated an extended period of reproduction.
Dental Impactions Performed Under General Anaesthesia – A Retrospective Study on the Frequency and Implications
Authors: Chithralekha B  , Madhulaxmi M
Published: December 2020

The appropriate mode of anesthetic modality is one of the most important steps in planning for impacted tooth surgery. General anesthesia comes with a lot of privileges, but at the same time, it is known for its side effects. We can see a constant use of general anesthesia when multiple impacted teeth are extracted on the same day. Sometimes patients request general anesthesia because of anxiety issues. Other scenarios are when impacted teeth are placed complexly in the socket that the clinicians themselves opt for the administration of general anesthesia.  The study was carried out in a university setting where we reviewed and analysed 791 patient records between June 2019 and March 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the scientific review board. The collected data was compiled, reviewed, tabulated, and exported to SPSS software for statistical analysis.  A statistically significant data was not obtained from the study, but the data has remarkable clinical significance. It is found that a slight male predilection is seen, and all the cases were done under general anesthesia when there were multiple impactions involved. Within the limitations of the study, it has been found that most of the general anesthesia administrations were done when multiple impaction surgeries were involved and more common in the second and third decade of life.
5 CM FROM NOVEL TO FILM: ECRANIZATION STUDY AND STRUCTURE COMPARISON
Authors: Bunga Fitriyanti , Affany Alif , Putra Karkono Supadi
Published: December 2020

This research aims to determine the ecranization process and the differences in plot, figures, and setting in the form of simplification, addition, or variation changes in the process of adaptation of the 5 CM novel by Donny Dhirgantoro to the film of the same title by director Rizal Mantovani. The method used in this study is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research data source is the 5 CM novel and the 5 CM film. Data collection techniques are done by reading, watching, and capturing. The analysis guidelines for this research are researchers. The validity of the data used in this study was the validity of discourse. Reliability of data is obtained using the reliability of the test interraters. The results of the study of the 5 CM novel by Donny Dhirgantoro and the 5 CM film by Rizal Mantovani produced an ecranization process that is simplification, addition, and variation changes in the plot, figure, and setting.
Skemata dalam Wacana Berita Kasus Plagiarisme Rektor Unnes di Surat Kabar Solopos dan Suara Merdeka
Authors: Wasono Aji Endro Nugroho
Published: December 2020

Media massa kadang menulis berita yang berbeda untuk menggambarkan peristiwa yang sama. Hal tersebut terjadi pada kasus plagiarisme Rektor Unnes. Pada kasus tersebut surat kabar SOLOPOS membuat berita yang berbeda dengan surat kabar Suara Merdeka. Artikel ini akan membahas skemata wacana berita yang dimuat di kedua surat kabar tersebut. Skemata merupakan struktur atau elemen wacana yang disusun dalam sebuah teks yang utuh. Dari skemata tersebut dapat diketahui sikap atau pandangan surat kabar melalui argumen yang disusunnya. Untuk mengkaji skemata wacana berita kedua surat kabar tersebut digunakan metode deskriptif. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk menjelaskan fenomena bahasa yang terdapat di dalam wacana berita tersebut. Hasil dari kajian skemata wacana berita kasus plagiarisme di surat kabar SOLOPOS dan Suara Merdeka menunjukkan hal yang berbeda. Dilihat dari judul, teras, dan isi berita SOLOPOS berpandangan bahwa dalam kasus tersebut Rektor Unnes terbukti melakukan plagiasi. Dalam isi beritanya surat kabar SOLOPOS memuat berita dari dua pihak, yaitu dari sisi DK UGM dan dari sisi Rektor Unnes, tetapi porsinya tidak berimbang. Sebaliknya, dilihat dari judul dan isi berita Suara Merdeka berpandangan bahwa Rektor Unnes tidak terbukti melakukan plagiasi. Surat kabar Suara Merdeka memuat berita dari satu sisi saja, yaitu pihak Rektor Unnes.
ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS “HUKUMAN SALAH ALAMAT” PADA ACARA MATA NAJWA
Authors: Saleh R.
Published: December 2020

Acara Mata Najwa adalah salah satu program dialog yang membahas masalah-masalah kekinian yang terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu topik yang dibahas adalah “Hukuman Salah Alamat.” Tujuan penelitin ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan teks yang dikonstruksi oleh Najwa Shihab pada acara “Hukuman Salah Alamat.” Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui teknik simak dan catat. Teknis analisis data yang dilakukan mengacu pada teori Analisis Wacana Kritis (AWK) model van Djik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pertama,  analisis struktur makro dialog interaktif “Hukuman Salah Alamat” secara garis besar membahas tentang kasus Baiq Nuril yang menjadi korban kasus pencemaran nama baik. Kedua, berdasarkan analisis super struktur, dialog tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu pendahuluan, isi, dan penutup. Bagian pendahuluan merupakan narasi yang disampaikan oleh Shihab untuk mengantarkan dialog, bagian isi merupakan fakta-fakta berupa rekaman video dan hasil wawancara Shihab dengan narasumber, bagian penutup merupakan narasi yang disampaikan Shihab dan sangat puitis untuk menyimpulkan hasil dialog dan harapan-harapan terkait dengan UU ITE.  Ketiga, pada analisis struktur mikro, ditemukan bahwa terdapat beberapa metafora yang digunakan Shihab. Fungsi metafora ini adalah untuk mempertegas makna yang sengaja dibangun oleh Shihab. Selain itu, juga ditemukan bahwa diksi-diksi Shihab sangat “tajam”. Shihab sangat ekspresif dan sangat tegas dalam menyampaikan pendapat atau mengajukan pertanyaan.
中国临沂市沂水县水旱灾害防御工作经验探讨
Authors: 何 书斌
Published: December 2020

中国临沂市沂水县水库河流数量众多，加之过去河道水库缺乏系统治理，水患频繁。水土流失、环境恶化，水库河流工程的水旱灾害防御功效减弱。近年来，该县着眼于总结水旱灾害防御工作方面的经验和做法，根据现代化治水、兴水、管水需求，更新理念，采取措施，全面消除水库河道安全隐患，还河库生态，守河库安澜。
岩土工程勘察中的水文地质问题分析
Authors: 邓 强伟 , 王 浩宇 , 韩 震
Published: December 2020

为了提高工程的综合效益，我们需要对岩土勘察中水文地质的问题进行一个归纳总结，以此来调整岩土勘察设计每一个环节的科学施工协调性。随着中国城市化进程的不断加快，对施工工程的质量也提出了更高的要求，在协调发展的背景下以多个层面与角度来分析当前影响岩土勘察的众多因素，并根据这些问题给予合理的解决方法，从而为中国的工程施工发展打下一定的基础，从根本上解决问题，使工程项目能真正做到质量与技术的双重保证，论文围绕岩土工程勘察中的水文地质问题进行分析研究。
关于电气工程及其自动化趋势分析
Authors: 王 勇
Published: December 2020

电气工程及其自动化改变了传统的工作方式，取代了烦琐的体力劳动，从而显著降低了生产成本并提高了生产效率，也保障了人们工作和生活的便利。论文简要分析了电气工程及其自动化的现状，并讨论电气工程及其自动化的发展趋势。
Forced Migration Governance in Southeast Asian Countries: ‘Same but Different’?
Authors: Nurdin Muhammad Riza , Sathian Mala Rajo , Hussin Hanafi
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the governance of forced migration in Southeast Asia. The region hosts about 2.5 million of forcibly displaced migrants from a worldwide total of 70 million (2018). The migrants include intra- ASEAN and non-ASEAN refugees or asylum seekers, notably from the Middle East.  Based on a review of recent literature, the paper investigates three main destination states in SEA that host the majority of the forced migrants; Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The paper examines (i) local policies in the governance of forced migrants and (2) the practice of non-refoulement principle. The findings reveal that in terms of forced migration governance, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand are ‘same but different'; meaning that despite being similar, each country produces different outcomes.
O ENSINO JURÍDICO RESSIGNIFICADO: AS ATIVIDADES ACADÊMICAS DE EXTENSÃO COMO MECANISMOS DE ACESSO À JUSTICA QUALITATIVO
Authors: Stangherlin Camila Silveira , Spengler Fabiana Marion , Schaefer Rafaela Matos Peixoto
Published: December 2020

Esse trabalho objetiva examinar os principais aspectos das atividades acadêmicas de extensão, a partir das implementações inseridas pela Resolução CNE/CES nº 7/2018, no intuito de identificar suas contribuições para uma formação jurídica alinhada aos preceitos de acesso à justiça. Assim, questiona-se: quais as potencialidades contributivas das atividades extensionistas para a formação de juristas aptos a garantir um acesso à justiça qualitativo aos cidadãos? O método de abordagem é o dedutivo, com levantamento de dados efetuados por fontes primárias e secundárias.  A conclusão aponta que o acesso à justiça pode ser impulsionado por experiências interativas entre comunidade acadêmica e sociedade.
BREVES APONTAMENTOS SOBRE OS PRINCÍPIOS EM MATÉRIA DE DIREITOS POLÍTICOS E ELEITORAIS
Authors: Terenzi Gabriel Vieira
Published: December 2020

Tem o objetivo de tratar da relação entre os ramos dos Direitos Políticos e do Direito Eleitoral. Assim, por meio da análise dos conceitos e características de cada feixe, pretende-se delimitar suas áreas convergentes, divergentes, e sua finalidade, mais especialmente debater-se a noção de serem as normas eleitorais tidas como instrumentos de efetivação dos direitos políticos e, em última análise, da soberania popular. A fim de alcançar esse objetivo, utilizar-se-á uma abordagem principiológica para definir os conceitos e tratar do tema, concluindo-se pela utilidade instrumental da interpretação eleitoral como medida garantidora da soberania do povo e da democracia.
PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL: ENTRE O DIREITO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE E O ESTADO DE COISAS INCONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Miranda Alves Jaime Leônidas , Da Silva Antunes de Souza Maria Claudia
Published: December 2020

O trabalho tem por objetivo analisar se é possível pensar na existência de um estado de coisas inconstitucional em matéria ambiental, a partir da leitura da ADO nº 60 e da doutrina do direito da sustentabilidade. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizado o método indutivo na fase de investigação, somado às técnicas do referente, da categoria, dos conceitos operacionais, da pesquisa bibliográfica e do fichamento. Ao final, utilizando a ADO 60 como lócus argumentativo, pode-se concluir pela existência de um estado de coisas inconstitucional em matéria ambiental.
COMÉRCIO JUSTO E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS: IDENTIFICANDO PEGADA DE CARBONO
Authors: Morais Maria Cezilene , Stelzer Joana , Oliveira Adrielle Betina Inácio
Published: December 2020

O Comércio Justo representa importante instrumento de sustentabilidade, mas demanda investigações quanto à repercussão na denominada ‘pegada de carbono’ (contribuição na emissão de gases de efeito estufa). Objetiva-se abordar o Comércio Justo como expressão da relação entre direito e sociedade, especificamente quanto à contribuição gerada como formas alternativas possíveis de viver, ser e produzir. Trata-se de pesquisa teórica, com revisão bibliográfica e sistemática, nos sites Fairtrade International e Periódicos da CAPES. Os resultados indicaram que os produtores da rede são atores ativos na mitigação de emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE).
EXAME TOXICOLÓGICO E DE CONSUMO DE ÁLCOOL EXIGIDO DO MOTORISTA PROFISSIONAL E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES QUANTO AO DIREITO À INTIMIDADE E O DIREITO DA COLETIVIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE INTERDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Chiamulera Caroline , Rodrigues Luciano Ehlke , Maciel-Lima Sandra Mara
Published: December 2020

O artigo visa verificar em que medida a exigência do exame toxicológico e de dosagem de álcool ao motorista profissional poderia violar o seu direito à intimidade e os possíveis conflitos com os direitos da coletividade na perspectiva da segurança sanitária, de tráfego e pública. Utiliza-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e da análise de julgados. Conclui-se que o direito à intimidade do empregado não pode ser tratado como direito absoluto quando colide com outros direitos fundamentais em especial com os riscos decorrentes de uso de álcool, sendo, portanto, necessário adotar-se as regras de ponderação para solucionar essa difícil cizânia.
MÍDIA DIGITAL, ESFERA PÚBLICA E DIREITO NA RELAÇÃO ENTRE MONETIZAÇÃO PROPRIETÁRIA E DEMOCRACIA NA REALIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Cardozo , Gryzinski Juliana Cândido
Published: December 2020

O artigo analisa a relação entre esfera pública, direito e difusão de informações em meios digitais e seus reflexos na democracia, considerada a realidade brasileira. A análise se inicia pela reconstrução histórica do conceito de esfera pública a partir de Jürgen Habermas e das críticas e reformulações da ideia ao longo do tempo. Na sequência investiga-se o papel da comunicação em rede e das mídias digitais na perspectiva de possibilidades de uma esfera pública na atualidade. No final, a análise trata da relação entre informação digital em rede e direito e seus efeitos na procedimentalidade da democracia no Brasil
O DIREITO HUMANO À ALIMENTAÇÃO ADEQUADA: INTERDIMENSIONALIDADE, EFETIVIDADE, DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO E DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Villas Bôas Regina Vera , Soares Durcelania Da Silva
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo reporta-se ao direito humano à alimentação adequada, assegurado pela Constituição Federal como direito fundamental social em seu artigo 6º. Considerando que os direitos humanos materializam as exigências basilares referenciadas na dignidade da pessoa dos sujeitos de direitos, implica dizer que não são passíveis de transação em quaisquer circunstâncias e, ao mesmo tempo, configuram condições colocadas a toda efetivação histórica.
Liberdade de expressão e discurso de ódio no Supremo Tribunal Federal: uma análise do RHC nº 146.303/RJ à luz da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito
Authors: Marques da Silva Bruna
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os desdobramentos da ausência de uma teoria da decisão no STF, com ênfase no direito à liberdade de expressão e discurso de ódio. Para tanto, é realizada uma análise do RHC nº 146303/RJ à luz da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, revisitando o HC nº 82424/RS (caso Ellwanger), por meio de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de caso. Os resultados indicam que há uma persistência de práticas de interpretação e aplicação do direito que abrem margem para discricionariedade, como a ponderação, principalmente em relação aos limites do direito à liberdade de expressão.
CONTROLE DE CONVENCIONALIDE: UMA REVISÃO EPISTEMOLÓGICA À LUZ DOS PRINCÍPIOS CONSTITUCIONAIS E CONVENCIONAIS DO DEVIDO PROCESSO PENAL
Authors: DA COSTA JOÃO SANTOS
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho objetiva tecer considerações acerca do objeto do processo penal a partir do reconhecimento do controle de convencionalidade como inerente ao seu próprio conteúdo. O Brasil é signatário de diversos tratados internacionais, dentre eles alguns voltados para a defesa de direitos humanos, a exemplo da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humano. A eficácia normativa destas convenções ultramarinas é, ainda, bastante relativizada pela jurisdição brasileira, ainda que se reconheça a supralegalidade dessas normas. Desse modo, propõe-se uma releitura do processo penal, no sentido de que o controle de convencionalidade seja reconhecido como um elemento próprio do conteúdo de seu conceito.
IMPROVING THE ROBUSTA QUALITY BY APPLYING THE BEST PROCESSING MODES
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, CHERKASOVA ELMIRA I. , GOLINITSKIY PAVEL V. , MUTOVKINA EKATERINA A.
Published: December 2020

Two varieties of coff ee, Arabica and Robusta, are currently produced on an industrial scale, the fi rst one receiving the greatest popularity due to its taste characteristics. But climate change leads to a decrease in the yield of this coff ee variety; therefore, agricultural producers are paying more and more attention to low-maintenance Robusta. Unfortunately, for its taste, Robusta cannot compete with Arabica when conventional technology is used. Thus, according to the SCA organoleptic assessment, the superiority of Arabica is in the range of 20…25%, which prevents it from taking its rightful place in the market. Therefore, a new technology for processing coff ee is currently being developed, consisting of the following stages. The fi rst stage is harvesting based on the use of technical means adapted to collect ripe berries only. The second stage is multi-stage sorting to screen out defective berries and controlled fermentation. At the third stage, mechanical drying takes place for 10 hours, imitating natural sun drying conditions, and then the grain is sent to rest for a month in a reduced temperature mode. After that, roasting in optimal conditions and organoleptic evaluation are carried out to obtain the taste indicators of Arabica and Robusta ranging between 7.5% and 12.5%, which proves the eff ectiveness of the new technology. Since coff ee roasting can be carried out extraterritorially, the priority is to preserve the grain quality during its transportation to the consumer. The preservation of the consumer qualities of coff ee is more infl uenced by humidity and temperature controlled with single-use indicators, enabling to determine not only the kind of the impact on the product (humidity and moisture content), but also its duration with a preselected step. The use of the new technology for processing Robusta, together with tracking negative impacts during transportation, may lead to the formation of a special market segment.
MONITORING AND CONTROL OF THE “ANIMAL” SUBSYSTEM IN THE COMPLEX BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM “MAN-MACHINE-ANIMAL” OF A DAIRY FARM
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, KIRSANOV VLADIMIR V. , PAVKIN DMITRIY YU. , FEDOR E. VLADIMIROV FEDOR E. , NIKITIN EVGENIY А. , YUROCHKA SERGEY S. , GELETIY DARIA G.
Published: December 2020

A modern dairy farm is a complex biotechnical “man-machine-animal” system, where purposeful human activity concentrates mainly on the control of the “machine” and “animal” subsystems, thus making the whole system ergatic. Increasing the interaction effi ciency of machine subsystems with biological objects (animals) requires an in-depth study of the properties and characteristics of the latter, their behavior, adaptive and refl ex mechanisms that ensure the mutual adaptation of machine and biological subsystems. The paper considers general functionality of the “animal” subsystem, which includes lists of monitored parameters (functions) in pre-weaning, pre-lactation and lactation periods. In a similar way, functionals of the subsystems of the general musculoskeletal development of the animal’s body, respiratory and digestive organs, comfort of the habitat, development and control of the reproductive organs of lactating cows were obtained accompanied with a list of controlled functions and parameters. To carry out a set of research activities in this fi eld, FSAC VIM is planning to carry out a complex project that will increase the levels of automation, digitalization and intellectualization of animal husbandry, provide for comfortable environment, optimal rediced-impact service modes for animals and their extended productive longevity, increased quality of milk and autonomous functioning of individual local biotechnical subsystems.
Foreigners in the Provincial City: Documents of the Smolensk City Duma of the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Smolensk, Russian Federation, Tikhonova Anastasia V.
Published: December 2020

The article reviews decisions of the city government regarding foreigners: consideration of petitions to be ascribed to burgers or merchants (of those who had already taken citizenship of the Russian Empire); evaluation of urban real estate; collection of taxes. The study is based on documents of the fond of the Smolensk City Duma from the State Archive of the Smolensk Region. Despite some losses (materials prior 1812 are not preserved in the fond), the archival documents highlight various issues of provincial city life. The author gives instances of the former prisoners of 1812 war or the so-called “immigrants from abroad” (those who had taken citizenship of the Russian Empire) being ascribed to Smolensk burgers. The law exempted former prisoners of war from all burger taxes and duties for 10 years and “immigrants from abroad” for 6 years. Materials of the Smolensk City Duma name foreigners among Smolensk artisans and merchants, doctors and pharmacists of gubernia level. They had property in the city and paid taxes. Some were well respected and were elected to city Duma or administration. Documents of the archival fond allow the researcher to learn family circumstances that influenced the fates of foreigners living in Smolensk in the first half of the 19th century. The number of foreigners in the provincial city was insignificant and tended to decrease. However, the author points out that statistics included only those who retained citizenship of their native country, not taking into account foreigners who accepted Russian citizenship. Documents of the Smolensk City Duma show that they were quite numerous. However, presence of foreign-born individuals in the daily life of the gubernia city became commonplace.
Documents of the Vyazniki Investigation (1665–66) on the Ideal Basis of Anti-Church Beliefs and Actions of the Raskolniki in the Central Uezds of Russia
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Madzharov Alexander S.
Published: December 2020

The controversial issue of balance between ideal and material causes of the religious Raskol in the Russian Orthodox Church remains significant from its emergence to present day. Some definitions of developed Soviet historiography are also controversial, in particular, the thesis of the Schism being an “external religious shell” that hides its secular core. The article examines the religious (ideal) content of the protest. It draws on published documents of the Vyazniki Investigation Office of the Secret Chancery (Prikaz tainykh del) stored in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA) (fond of State Archive of the Russian Empire in the XXVII Category). Reliability of the data has been established by comparing of independent sources and interrelated messages. The dossier includes 106 documents: accusations (Izvety), petitions (Chelobitnye), edicts (Ukaznye gramoty), orders (Nakaznye stat'i) of the Secret Chancery, extracts from the Secret Chancery books (Iz zapisnoi knigi Tainogo prikaza), interrogations (Doprosy), torture evidence (Pytochnye rechi), law confrontations (Ochnye stavki), reports (Otpiski), etc. They testify that the religious (ideal) “beliefs” of the Raskolniki laid the basis of their religious movement and were the reason for introduction of protest “norms of behavior” in the Vladimir, Suzdal, and Gorokhovets uezds of Central Russia in 1665–66. Totality of documentary data proves that Schism teachers and “ordinary” dissenters unanimously explained their protest by religious (ideal) motives. They refused to go to “the Lord’s church" for office read from “new books,” to sign themselves “with three fingers,” “to be baptized,” to confess, to receive communion. Religious dissidents believed the word of their teachers that the “change of the Holy Scripture” should result in the appearance of the “forerunner and Antichrist.” Some Raskolniki joined in the “blasphemies” on the tsar and Patriarch Nikon pronounced by teacher Vavila. For “salvation of their souls” from the “Antichrist,” the old believers implemented medieval “norms of behavior”: they withdraw to deserts, they were guided by the Raskol teachers, fasted, and prayed before their own icons. The ideal and material forms of protest sprang from the ideal nature of the Raskol.
Realization of “food as a source of health” Cognitive Model
Authors: Shevchenko Viacheslav D.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the analysis of the cognitive and pragmatic factors of food representation in media discourse, as well as the peculiarities of the linguistic means of this representation. The study used the methodology of cognitive semantics and discourse analysis, including the method of cognitive modeling, the method of discourse analysis, the method of pragmalinguistic analysis, observation and description techniques. Cognitive and pragmatic aspects of food representation, in our opinion, belong to the extra-linguistic components of discourse. Filling the components of the cognitive model with certain content by means of linguistic units leads to the realization of the pragmatic goal of the journalist. For example, the component CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBJECT (FOOD) through the media text is filled with information about color, composition, presence of additives, etc., which allows the reader to form a certain attitude towards food, which is discussed in the article.
Türkiye’de Tüketici Güven Endeksi ile Döviz Kuru Arasındaki İlişki: Fourier Fonksiyonları Yaklaşımı
Authors: KAYA Levent
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de tüketici güven endeksi ile döviz kuru arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla çalışmada 2004: 01 ile 2020: 05 dönemine ait aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Fourier ADF birim kök testine göre hem tüketici güven endeksi hem de döviz kuru serileri düzey değerlerinde durağan değildir. İki değişken arasındaki ilişki Fourier ADL eşbütünleşme testi ile araştırılmış ve tüketici güven endeksi ile döviz kuru arasında uzun dönemli ilişki bulunmuştur. Uzun dönem katsayılarının tahmini için FMOLS, CCR ve DOLS yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Tüketici güven endeksi ile döviz kuru arasında negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Her üç yöntem sonucuna göre döviz kurundaki %1’lik artış tüketici güven endeksini yaklaşık %0,17 azaltmaktadır. Her üç yöntem için uzun dönem katsayıları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı çıkmıştır. Tüketici güven endeksi ile döviz kuru serileri arasındaki nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre döviz kurundan tüketici güven endeksine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik tespit edilmiştir.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA İLE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR SİGORTACILIK İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: GÜRBÜZER Gökçe Bahar , BAYAZIT HAYTA Ateş
Published: December 2020

Günümüzde küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğinin sebep olduğu doğal afetlerin sayısındaki artış ve bunların yarattığı zararlar dünya için önemli bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Sigortacılık sektörü iş kapsamı gereği, sorumlu olduğu bu zararları tazmin etmekle yükümlüdür. Bu sayede hizmet ettiği kesimlere finansal açıdan büyük avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada sigortacılık sektörünün küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği kapsamında oluşan zararlardan nasıl etkilendiği, bununla mücadelede nasıl bir rol aldığı, daha sürdürülebilir kalkınma yolunda sektörün önemi ve görevi analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı sürdürülebilirlik konularına ilişkin olarak sigortacılık endüstrisindeki paydaşların, düzenleyici ve politika yapıcı kuruluşların, sigorta yaptıran kamuoyunun konu ile ilgili farkındalığını artırmaktır. Ayrıca değişen risk ortamına uyum sağlamak amacıyla gittikçe daha da önemli hale gelen sürdürülebilirlik konularına ilişkin sigortacılık endüstrisinde mevcut çalışmalara katkıda bulunmak, bu konulara yönelik farkındalığı artırmak, konuya ilişkin tehditleri ve fırsatları belirlemektir. Bununla birlikte akademik literatürde sigortacılık endüstrisinin bu husustaki ihtiyacının karşılanması konusunda bir katkı sağlama amacı da bulunmaktadır.
Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri ve Sekonder Konukçularda Bulunan Yaprakbiti (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Türlerinin Parazitoitlenme Oranlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ALASERHAT İsmail , GÜÇLÜ Şaban
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma, Erzincan ve Gümüşhane illerinde yetiştirilen ılıman iklim meyve türleri ve sekonder konukçularda bulunan yaprakbiti türleri ile bunların parazitoitlenme oranlarının tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2011-2013 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Örneklemeler, yaprakbiti popülasyonunun yoğun olduğu ilkbahar (mayıs-haziran) ve sonbahar aylarında (eylül-ekim) iki haftada bir, yoğunluğun azaldığı yaz aylarında (temmuz-ağustos) ise ayda bir kez yapılmıştır. Yaprakbiti türlerinin belirlendiği bahçelerden yaprakbiti ile bulaşık ve özellikle de mumyalaşmış yaprakbitlerinin bulunduğu koloniler parazitoit çıkartma kutularına konulmuş, elde edilen toplam parazitli birey sayısı, o örnekte bulunan yaprakbiti sayısına oranlanarak % parazitoitlenme oranı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ılıman iklim meyve türlerinde zarar yapan 12, sekonder konukçularda ise 2 adet olmak üzere toplam 14 yaprakbiti türü ve bunların parazitoitlenme oranları tespit edilmiştir.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing dengan Praktikum Konversi Energi Panas Ke Lisrik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors:   Program  Studi  Pendidikan  Fisika,  PMIPA,  Universitas  Lampung, Apriyani Putri Anisa , Suyanto Eko , Wicaksono B. Anggit
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of guided inquiry learning models with the practice of converting heat to electricity to improve critical thinking skills. The population of this research is all students of class XII Science of SMA Negeri 1 Way Jepara. The selection of research samples using purposive sampling techniques with a sample of class XII Science 5 totaling 33 students. The research design used was One Group Pretest-Posttest. Learning is done by conducting practicum activities using a set of guided inquiry-based heat energy conversion devices. The tool used in practicum activities is an advantage in this study because there has been no previous research that uses practicum learning methods with tools to convert heat energy to electricity. Practicum activities carried out on two learning topics or practicum twice. In practicum activities topic one is about the unit thermoelectric generator module specifications and in practicum activity topic two is regarding the thermoelectric generator circuit to turn on the LED lights. Data were tested by N-gain analysis, normality test, Paired Sample T-Test. Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-test, it can be seen that the significance value of 0.00 is less than 0.05, it can be concluded that there is an influence of students' critical thinking skills before and after using guided inquiry learning models with energy conversion practicum.
Validasi Perangkat Pembelajaran Fisika Modern dengan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Media Virtual untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Ilmiah dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa
Authors:   Program Studi Magister Pendidikan IPA, Pascasarjana Universitas Mataram, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia, Susilawati Susilawati , Doyan Aris , Makhrus Muh. , Hakim S.
Published: December 2020

This research is a development research that aims to produce a modern physics learning tool with guided inquiry model assisted by virtual media. The development of this learning tool is carried out using the 4D model which consists of 4 development stages, namely the definition stage, the design stage, the develop stage, and the deseminate stage. The definition stage is carried out to identify problems, the design stage is carried out in the form of designing a guided inquiry learning device, and the dissemination stage is carried out in the form of distributing learning tools to physics education lecturers. The learning tools developed were syllabus, leasson plan, student worksheet, and tests of students' scientific creativity and science process skills. The use of learning tools with a guided inquiry model assisted by virtual media aims to help students' scientific creativity and science process skills. However, in this paper, it is focused on the validation test process through validation tests on developing the tools that are made. The final result of this research is to produce a product development of instructional models assisted inquiry model with virtual media that is valid and suitable for use.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Konflik Kognitif Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Pada Materi Gerak Lurus
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, PMIPA, Universitas Mataram, Sutrio Sutrio , Makhrus Muh. , Larasati Armi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the cognitive conflict approach on the critical thinking skills of senior high school students in grade X on straight motion material. This type of research is a pre-experimental research design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study were all students of class X MIPA SMAN 1 Narmada. The research sample was obtained using a purposive sampling technique, obtained class X MIPA 1 as experimental class 1, class X MIPA 2 as experimental class 2, and class X MIPA 3 as experimental class 3. Data collection on critical thinking skills used essay test as many as 5 questions. Hypothesis test analysis used a statistical paired sample t-test and showed that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. This shows that the cognitive conflict approach affects the critical thinking skills of students in straight motion material. This approach can be an alternative solution for various methods/models/approaches in learning physics.
COĞRAFYA ALANINDA HAZIRLANMIŞ RESİMLİ İLK MATBU KİTAPLAR VE RESİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatma
Published: December 2020

Osmanlı topraklarında ilk Türk matbaası İbrahim Müteferrika ve Çelebizade Mehmed Said Efendi’nin girişimleri sonucunda 18. yüzyılın ilk yarısında resmî olarak açılmış ve kitap basımına başlanmıştır. Yazma kitapların özenle hazırlandığı ve birçok kesim tarafından büyük ilgi gördüğü Osmanlı toplumunda matbaanın kullanılması beraberinde bu geçiş sürecinin ne şekilde olduğu sorusunu akla getirmektedir. İlk kitabın yayınlandığı 1729’dan matbaaların ve baskı kitapların yaygınlaştığı 1850 tarihine kadar basılmış olan kitaplar elbette ki yazma kitap kültüründen baskı kitaba geçme sürecini anlamada yol gösterici olacaktır.
Coğrafya çok eski tarihlerden beri insanların ilgisini çeken ve üzerine kitaplar yazılan bir alan olmuştur. Bu bağlamda coğrafya alanında basılmış ilk kitaplar ve bu kitaplarda görülen resim, harita ve şekiller görsel öğelerin ilk matbu kitaplarda ne şekilde yer aldığını gösterecektir. İçerisinde resim, harita ve şekillerin olduğu tespit edilen 7 eser çalışma kapsamında incelemeye alınmıştır. Bu kitapların yazarı, yazıldığı tarih, konusu, basıldığı matbaa, sayfa sayısı ve resimleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. İlaveten eserlerin görselleri teknik açıdan, hazırlayanlar bakımından ve canlı figürü kullanımı yönünden mercek altına alınmıştır. Sayı bazında bakıldığında eserlerde harita kullanımı diğer resimlere oranla oldukça fazladır. Haritaların modern harita tekniğinde hazırlandığı görülmektedir. Haritaların dışında coğrafya ile alakalı başka şekil ve çizimler de bulunmaktadır. Daha çok teknik konulara açıklık getiren bu şekiller resim özelliğinden uzak çizimlerdir. Bunların yanında dikkat çeken görsellerden biri de -iki eserde görülen- geleneksel tarzda hazırlanmış burç resimlerinin olduğu sayfalardır. Dairevi tarzda iki yarım kürenin içine konumlandırılmış bazıları çıplak olarak resmedilmiş insan, hayvan ve yarı insan yarı hayvan görünümünde fantastik canlılar bulunmaktadır. Bir eserde ise coğrafyanın beşerî yönünün resmedildiği görülür. Bu eserde kölelerin çalıştırılması, kralın halkı selamlaması, av sahneleri görsel dile aktarılmıştır. Baskı resim hazırlanırken iki teknik kullanıldığı düşünülmektedir. Bunlardan biri taş baskı tekniğidir. Bu teknik baskı resim hazırlama ve hatta resimlere yazılar ekleyebilme açısından oldukça elverişlidir. Baskı resim hazırlamanın diğer yolu ise gravür tekniğidir. Çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilen eserlerden iki tanesinin taş baskı tekniğinde basıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Diğerlerinin ise metin kısımlarından anlaşıldığı üzere klasik matbaa yönteminde basıldığı görülmektedir. Doğrudan resimlerin hangi teknikle basıldığını söylemek pek mümkün görünmese de baskı tekniklerinden yola çıkarak taş baskı eserlerin resimlerinin taş baskı yöntemi ile klasik matbaa tekniğinde basılan eserlerin resimlerinin de gravür şeklinde hazırlanıp basıldığı kanaatine varılabilir. Resimlerin kim tarafından hazırlandığı hakkında ise yeterli malumat olmasa da bazı resimlerde imzası bulunan usta isimleri ve matbaa kayıtları bu konuda az da olsa bilgi edinilmesini sağlamıştır.
The role of organized groups in administrative burdens of property taxation
Authors: Shybalkina Iuliia
Published: December 2020

There is a substantial body of literature regarding the effects of administrative burdens on the take-up of safety-net programs and the role of organized groups in this process. I investigate similar issues in the context of property tax assessment appeals. Disadvantaged groups spend well over the recommended 30% of their income on housing costs that include property tax, and, on top of that, assessors often overestimate lower-value properties. Appeals may provide some relief, but the process can be burdensome. Certain localities give condominium associations the right to file one joint appeal on behalf of all unit owners. I hypothesize that this rule reduces burdens for condominium units and causes them to appeal more frequently than houses, resulting in a distributive effect that depends on the local context. I present supporting evidence from two case studies in two locations: New York City, which allows joint appeals, and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh and surroundings), which does not. Thus, while administrative burdens can span diverse contexts, engaging a third party to assist potential beneficiaries consistently increases the take-up.
“Nice to get to know you”
Authors: Háhn Judit
Published: December 2020

Virtual exchange comprises online collaborative activities in facilitated, educational contexts across borders. This paper offers a multimodal approach to the study of social presence in students’ asynchronous online discourse in the context of virtual exchange. It draws on the Community of Inquiry model of online learning (Garrison 2017) and interprets social presence as the dynamic discursive process of social interaction and self-presentation. The data consists of screenshots collected in a closed Facebook group during the first assignment of a Czech-Finnish virtual exchange project in 2017. The study aims to explore how the method of multimodal discourse analysis can be used to describe the three dimensions of social presence. The students’ self-introductory posts, reactions and comments were examined in three modes of meaning-making: the linguistic, the visual and the action mode. The study offers a model for the qualitative multimodal discourse analysis of social presence construction in asynchronous social media interaction.
IMPROVING LOGISTICS PROCESSES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Authors: L. VOLYNETS
Published: December 2020

The article studies the current stage of logistics development in Ukraine, which is largely an agricultural country, characterized by complex socio-economic processes of creating an efficient market economy, which naturally requires the improvement of logistics processes in the agricultural sector, as this industry is the basis for market transformation spheres of Ukraine’s economy.The problems of the agricultural sector, which have deviations in the management system of the enterprise and the logistics process, which accumulate and lead to inefficient activities of the enterprise are substantiated.The current state of the grain market in Ukraine is analyzed as well as the prospects for its development, the export potential of the market is characterized and the transport used for export transportation of products is studied, the main problems and shortcomings of the transportation process are identified, and the economic efficiency of grain transportation containers is assessed.It was found that the level of grain export from Ukraine tends to increase. In recent years, Ukraine has ranked third among the main suppliers of agricultural products in terms of exports. This once again confirms that Ukraine has a great potential and should develop the agricultural sector and increase exports.As for the modes of transport that transport grain, it is sea, road, rail and river. According to statistics, the volume of traffic is growing every year, but the transport system is not perfect and, today, farmers have many obstacles on the path. The ways to increase the efficiency of grain transportation by rail through the feasibility of transporting grain over long distances by rail have been studied. To increase the efficiency of freight transportation, it is necessary to modernize rail, river and road transport in accordance with European requirements. These measures will significantly increase the capacity of roads and the volume of exported grain. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate all shortcomings as soon as possible and work on improving the logistics system, as it is of great importance.A system of multimodal grain transportation in Ukraine is proposed, whereas this can increase the efficiency of export logistics, reduce the cost of Ukrainian grain by cutting logistics costs and at the same time increase its competitiveness in foreign markets and foreign exchange earnings to the state budget.
MODEL OF EVALUATING LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE
Authors: О. KRYVORUCHKO
Published: December 2020

Ensuring the successful operation of enterprises, reducing overall costs, obtaining quality logistics services are achieved through the use of logistics approaches, the implementation of effective logistics activities. It is necessary to evaluate the logistics activities, its efficiency and performance. However, in the modern literature and practice there are no comprehensive models for assessing logistics activities, which requires their development. The paper develops a comprehensive model for evaluating the performance of logistics activities as a constant dynamic process based on the use of theoretical provisions of total quality management (TQM) and European Quality Excellence Awards. Development and standardization of logistics procedures allows to evaluate the obtained results not only after the implementation of logistics activities, but also in the operational mode - at each stage of its implementation. Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of logistics activities are presented by two groups, one of which evaluates the capabilities of the logistics system, and the other - the results.The entrance to the implementation of logistics processes are certain restrictions, which are in the form of external and internal factors of logistics activities. Logistics processes are also considered as a set of logistics business processes and organizational processes of logistics management.Logistics business processes (interconnected set of operations and functions that convert the resources of the enterprise into a certain result, which is set by the logistics strategy) are identified depending on the specifics of the enterprise. The most common of these are the business processes of supply, production and marketing.Organizational processes of logistics management are aimed at regulating logistics operations, functions, functional areas of various economic entities using information and communication technologies and technical means.The results are a set of logistical results (costs, cycle time, quality, customer satisfaction, etc.) and organizational results (staff satisfaction, position in society, etc.). The complexity of the model for evaluating the effectiveness of logistics activities is to combine the evaluation of opportunities and results, to establish the discrepancies between the maximum possible level and the actual and to further develop the measures to improve the relevant areas of the work.
Límites del culto estatal y alcances del culto popular en el-Amarna (Egipto)
Authors: Iamarino Maria Laura
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to review several assumptions about the reform proposed during the reign of Akhenaten (1355-1338 B.C.) and the characteristics of the use of the spaces in el-Amarna. We will update the data on the occupation and duration of the Amarna period through a review of the use of planned and unplanned spaces associated with material evidence of religious practices, both official (linked to the cult of the Aten) and unofficial (related to traditional religion). Thus, we will use statistical testing to analyze the distribution of objects related to the religious sphere to determine the scope of the diversity of cults that coexisted in the Amarna areas.