bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoscopia (hipnose) em psiquiatria
Authors: Nogueira João Jorge Cabral , Cortez Célia Martins
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho apresenta uma discussão baseada em dados encontrados na literatura que podem contribuir para o entendimento dos mecanismos envolvidos nas respostas terapêuticas advindas do uso da autoscopia na hipnoterapia para tratamento de doenças ou sintomas corporais. A autoscopia utiliza a visualização interna do corpo para buscar a causa e a cura de um sintoma ou uma doença. Uma pesquisa sistemática foi conduzida nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e LILACS, tendo sido selecionados 63 artigos e livros referenciados. Os mecanismos relacionados com os fenômenos autoscópicos ainda não são completamente entendidos, sendo a hipótese mais convincente a falha na integração de sinais multissensoriais na junção temporoparietal, resultando em dissociação da unidade espacial entre o corpo e o eu. O fenômeno autoscópico está longe de ser exclusivamente uma experiência intrapsíquica alucinatória, já que é especialmente comum em sonhos e em outras condições fisiológicas. A observação de que através da hipnose é possível estabelecer um estado dissociativo, que, sem dúvida, facilita a evocação da memória e a modulação emocional do seu conteúdo, é uma prova do seu potencial terapêutico, principalmente quando no estado hipnótico é aplicada ferramenta tão poderosa como a autoscopia.
Prevalência de periodontite em indivíduos com transtorno afetivo bipolar: um estudo transversal
Authors: Cunha Fabiano Araújo , Costa Fernando de Oliveira , Cota Luís Otávio de Miranda , Cortelli José Roberto , Neves Fernando Silva
Published: August 2017

Embora pouco investigado e com dados conflitantes, o transtorno afetivo bipolar (TABP) é um fator comportamental que pode apresentar influência sobre a periodontite. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: 1) determinar a prevalência de periodontite em uma população com diagnóstico de TABP; 2) verificar a influência de variáveis de risco na associação entre o TABP e a periodontite. O estudo foi composto por uma amostra de conveniência de 156 indivíduos com TABP, selecionados no Hospital de Saúde Mental anexo ao Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Os pacientes foram avaliados através de parâmetros clínicos periodontais e variáveis de risco sociodemográficas. Os resultados demostraram uma prevalência de 59% de periodontite entre os indivíduos com TABP. Destes, 90,2% apresentavam periodontite crônica moderada e 9,8% a forma avançada. Quanto à extensão da periodontite, em 81,5% a doença apresentouse de forma localizada e em 18,5% de forma generalizada. Concluiu-se que os pacientes com TABP apresentaram uma alta prevalência de doença periodontal (56,8%), confirmando a importância da prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento desta patologia, a qual possa, no futuro, ser considerada como mais uma comorbidade associada a essa doença psiquiátrica. Salienta-se a necessidade de estudos futuros que comprovem a associação entre o TABP e a periodontite, particularmente os de delineamento longitudinal e ensaios clínicos randomizados.
Transtorno bipolar e comorbidades clínicas
Authors: Gomes Fabiano Alves
Published: August 2017

O transtorno bipolar é associado a diversas condições médicas gerais, resultando em um aumento significativo da morbimortalidade. As doenças do sistema cardiovascular e endócrino são as mais comumente associadas ao transtorno, havendo evidências significativas do efeito deletério de algumas medicações na etiologia e curso das comorbidades clínicas. Além disso, existem evidências recentes de que a própria doença bipolar, assim como os episódios recorrentes da doença, podem estar associados a uma maior incidência de doenças físicas. A avaliação do paciente bipolar deve incluir a realização de anamnese relacionada aos fatores de risco pessoais e familiares, exame clínico, solicitação de exames complementares que foram pertinentes ao quadro e monitorização dos efeitos colaterais das medicações na saúde global do paciente.
História dos estatutos da Associação Brasileira de Ppsiquiatria
Authors: Piccinini Walmor J.
Published: August 2017

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Criação e consolidação da revista brasileira de psiquiatria (RBP)
Authors: Calil Helena M.
Published: August 2017

A Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (RBP) foi criada no mesmo ano que a Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), há 50 anos. Entretanto, a revista sofreu solução de conti nuidade, provocando mudança de seu nome para Revista da ABP e, posteriormente, para Revista ABP-APAL, assim persisti ndo durante 20 anos, mas sempre sendo órgão ofi cial da ABP. Como a história da revista se confunde com a da ABP, vários presidentes da associação, responsáveis por alterações substanciais na revista, são mencionados, assim como os vários editores que contribuíram com seus trabalhos na consolidação da RBP, hoje com expressivo reconhecimento nacional e internacional.
Hydrated Polymer System as Efficient Carrier for the Delivery of Drugs Against Viral Infections
Authors: Jacob Cinu , D. Ramya , B.N. Vedha
Published: August 2017

Hydrogels are crosslinked polymers which has the ability to absorb water in aqueous media.Hydrogels are being prepared by different methods such as suspension polymerization, chemical or physical crosslinking, solution polymerization, radiation polymerization etc., and using different types of polymers. Hydrogels exhibiting swelling mechanism have been extensively used as drug carriers in the controlled drug delivery systems. The wide application of these biomaterials is due to its characteristics such as swelling in the aqueous environment, specific response to the pH, temperature, ion, electric stimuli sensitivity etc., Hydrogels of biocompatible polymers have good loading capacity and so widely used for the encapsulation of drugs which can be targeted to the specific sites. Since the rate of drug diffusion from hydrogels can be controlled, these materials are potentially useful as drug delivery systems. Controlled release of many drugs including anticancer and antiviral agents has been efficiently done using hydrogels. Especially various anti-HIV drugs have been successfully formulated as hydrogel systems for the controlled release and prolonged action. Bilayer and multilayer hydrogels have grown importance in recent days, wherein a burst release followed by controlled release could be achieved for superior therapeutic action at reduced dose and side effects. Also the efficiency of incorporating more than one drug in different layers of hydrogels is being investigated to improve combination therapy for various disorders.
Physical Characterization and In Vivo Study of Ovalbumin Encapsulated in Alginate Microspheres
Authors: M. Hariyadi , T. Purwanti , I. Kusumawati , N. Nirmala , M.C. Maindra
Published: August 2017

Microspheres as drug delivery systems have been used widely for oral delivery in the pharmaceuticals formulation. Alginates have received much attention as biodegradable polymer for controlled protein delivery. Ovalbumin was used as model antigen. The aim of the present research was to evaluate physical characteristics of unlyophilized and lyophilized ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres produced using aerosolisation technique. Crosslinking agent of BaCl2 and CaCl2 were studied. Physical characteristics of ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres were evaluated in terms of encapsulation efficiency, yield, particle size, surface morphology and protein integrity. In vivo immune response was studied using hemagglutination test by measuring antibody titre. High entrapment efficiency of unlyophilized ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres using crosslinker BaCl2 and CaCl2 of above 80% and loading of above 65% was produced. Entrapment efficiency of lyophilized ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres using 10% lactose lyoprotectant and maltodextrin were 46% and 54% respectively. For protein loading, ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres lyophilized using lactose was 28% and using maltodextrin was around 35% respectively. The microspheres size of less than 8μm of all formulas using BaCl2 and CaCl2 both lyophilized and unlyophilized were spherical in shapes and formed smooth surface. Ovalbumin maintained its integrity after release from alginate microspheres showing ovalbumin’s 45 kDa molecular weight indicated its stability has been protected by this delivery system after exposure to acid condition. In vivo immune response by hemaglutination test of lyophilized ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres with CaCl2 crosslinker consist of 10% lactose or 10% maltodextrin and unlyophilized microspheres using CaCl2 crosslinker showed higher antibody titres than ovalbumin control and blank microspheres. Whereas, unlyophilized ovalbumin-alginate microspheres using Ba2+ crosslinking agent resulted antibody titre as low as control and blank microspheres. However, No significant effect of immune response was found between microspheres lyophilized with lactose and maltodextrin. In conclusion, ovalbumin-loaded alginate microspheres crosslinked using CaCl2 are potential as oral delivery systems and results indicated that lyoprotectants were involved in protecting ovalbumin entrapped in alginate microspheres therefore able to deliver antigen to the target site in order to induce antibody response.
Development and application of a highly α2,6-selective pseudosialidase
Authors: Both Peter , Riese Michel , Gray Christopher J. , Huang Kun , Pallister Edward G. , Kosov Iaroslav , Conway Louis P. , Voglmeir Josef , Flitsch Sabine L.
Published: August 2017

In this manuscript we address an important gap in our current carbohydrate active enzyme toolbox, by developing a highly a2,6-selective (over a2,3-selective) de facto sialidase that is necessary both for glycan analysis and glycoconjugate remodeling. Both glycosidic linkages are commonly found in animal biology and each has been shown to have distinct biological function. Our approach is novel in that it harnesses the high selectivity of known glycosyltransferases ‘in reverse’ for effective hydrolysis, converting transferases to hydrolases by reaction engineering. More specifically, we demonstrate that the a2,6-specific pseudosialidase activity of Photobacterium sp. JT-ISH-224 a2,6-sialyltransferase can be used effectively for highly a2,6 selective hydrolysis on a broad range of analytes: small synthetic probes, isolated complex glycans and complex mixtures of glycoproteins.
Facile fabrication of marshmallow-like gels as flexible thermal insulators and liquid nitrogen retention materials: Application to a cryopreserved embryo container
Authors: Hayase Gen , Ohya Yasutaka
Published: August 2017

Low bulk density porous monoliths were prepared by using two types of silicon alkoxide methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS) as precursors and controlling phase separation under appropriate conditions. By changing the ratio of the aqueous solution to the precursors in the starting composition, it was possible to control the microstructure of the resulting porous monoliths or to prepare microparticles. Those marshmallow-like monoliths with a skeleton diameter of a few micrometers and pore diameter of several tens micrometers has high flexibility against compression and bending, and shows low thermal conductivity of ~30 mW m−1 K−1 at room temperature. We show that those materials can be used as a simple cryopreserved embryo container like small dry shippers by packing gels and adsorbing liquid nitrogen in a vacuum-insulated water bottle.
MANTRA DALAM NASKAH “DOA WIRID TOLAK BALA”: DESKRIPSI, ISI, DAN SUNTINGAN TEKS (Mantra in “Doa Wirid Tolak Bala Manuscript”: Codicology, Content, and Editing)
Authors: Hidayatullah Dede
Published: August 2017

Studies on mantra on manuscript in South Borneo are still rare. Until now, mantra studies generally focus on oral tradition. To date manuscript studies generally only emphasizes on religious texts and syair. The aim of this study is to explain codicology and content in manuscript of Doa Wirid Tolak Bala (a recitation for salvation from calamity) or DWTB. This is a philological research. The research uses a descriptive method. Based on codicology it is found out that the manuscript is written in the form of prose using Banjar language with Malay Arabic writing. Based on the content, DWTB manuscript is divided into three parts. The first section is about sunnah Hajat prayer and obedient. The second section is about buying and selling recitation. The third section is about recitation and Mantra for livelihood (pesugihan) which consist of twelve recitations, three isim, one  mantra and efficacy of basmalah.
FRASA BAHASA ACEH
Authors: Rizqi Mohammad
Published: August 2017

The study aims to describe the structure and the constituents of phrases, to describe the types of phrases, to explain the sense relation of the phrase constituents, and to illustrate the possibility of the Acehnese phrases to be placed in each syntactic function. This research is a qualitative descriptive research that focuses on phrase study on Acehnese. The written data is taken from primary school books, the spoken data is taken from local news of RRI Banda Aceh and folklore. The results show that there are uniqueness of the constituents which form the coordinative phrase constructions in which they are always related by conjunctions. Numeral phrases which are formed by numeral and noun always use classifier. The structure of noun phrases which is formed of noun and noun is permanent. It means that the position of the modifier is always behind main constituents. The structure of verbal phrases, adjectival phrases, numeral phrases, and pronominal phrases are not permanent. It means that the constituent that become a modifier can be placed before or after the main constituent. The prepositional phrase has a permanent structure. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memerikan struktur dan unsur pembentuk frasa, mendeskripsikan jenis frasa, menjelaskan hubungan makna antarunsur pembentuk frasa, dan menggambarkan kemungkinan frasa dalam bahasa Aceh untuk dapat menduduki setiap fungsi sintaksis. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian linguistik deskriptif kualitatif dengan memusatkan perhatiannya pada telaah frasa dalam bahasa Aceh. Sumber data tulis dalam penelitian ini berupa buku pelajaran tingkat sekolah dasar, sedangkan data lisan diambil dari berita daerah RRI stasiun Banda Aceh dan data dari cerita rakyat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada keunikan dari unsur-unsur yang membentuk konstruksi frasa koordinatif, yaitu selalu dihubungkan oleh konjungsi. Frasa numeralia yang terbentuk atas konstituen numeralia dan nomina selalu menggunakan penggolong. Struktur frasa nomina yang terbentuk dari konstituen nomina dan nomina bersifat permanen. Artinya, posisi modifikator selalu di belakang konstituen inti. Frasa verba, frasa adjektiva, numeralia, dan frasa pronomina mempunyai struktur yang tidak permanen. Artinya, konstituen yang menjadi modifikator dapat berada di depan atau di belakang konstituen inti. Frasa preposisional mempunyai struktur yang permanen.
STANDAARD BANK CREDIT AGREEMENT BASED ON THE VALUE OF JUSTICE
Authors: Fahmi Sahal
Published: August 2017

The treaty law is an open system with the principle of freedom of contract as stipulated in Article 1338 paragraph (1) of BW. The freedom provides an opportunity for all parties, including banks to make an agreement in the form of standaard. This standaard agreement is burdensome because there is no bargaining position between the community as a debtor customer with the bank as a creditor. However, such agreement continues in the banking practice. The purpose of this study is to find the factors influencing standaard bank credit agreement on the distribution of credit to the community based on the value of justice. This research uses normative juridical method, with primary-secondary data from the library research. As a result, the bank credit agreement in the form of standaard is still not based on the value of justice because the content is determined unilaterally by the bank, where the debtor's customer does not have bargaining position on some form of agreement used by the bank; application credit agreement and bookkeeping requirements; cash bookkeeping requirements; Deposit book-entry application; application agreement of remittance. In addition, it still has delicacy on the bank credit agreements which are limited by the Banking Act and the Decree, Regulation and Circular of Bank of Indonesia. The legal provision generates the prudent principle of extending the credit to the community, which is famous for the 5 C's (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condition). Meanwhile, the Bank Indonesia Regulation stipulates regulation relating to the regulations, prohibitions, institutions, guarantees, and execution of the guarantee objects.
Editorial
Authors: Arnobio Adriano
Published: August 2017

Comprehension health as a global phenomenon provides a broad perspective on understanding the Medical Sciences.In this first volume we present the beginning of an academic journal that aims to discuss and present Global Health topics.The Journal Global Perspectives on Medical Sciences seeks to fill a gap in scientific communication on the impact on health and its global outcomes.The Institute Global Perspectives on Medical Sciences is the institution responsible for the publication of this journal and seeks to discuss global issues, develop indexes associated with health and reports that assist health professionals and politicians in understanding the phenomenon of health and its interfaces.Global Health can be understood as a broad area of studies that involves the understanding of diseases and their outcomes and their impacts on the world population.To understand Global Health, it is necessary to use techniques of biostatistics, molecular genetics, flow cytometry, computational analysis.The path to understanding Global Health brings together professionals and is not limited to professionals in the field of Health. Professionals in the field of Engineering, Mathematics, Physics, Social Sciences and Computational Sciences present major contributions to the Health Sciences.This initial volume presents the contribution of our editorial body. The perspectives presented are of great contribution to Science.
Monitoring Land Use Change and Vegetation Dynamics by Remote Sensing in the Steppe Region of Sidi Bel Abbes (Northwest, Algeria)
Authors: Zerey Wael El , Gael Mamfoumby , Zerey-Belaskri Asma EL
Published: August 2017

The application of remote sensing in land cover changes monitoring is a very efficient tool, for landscape management in arid regions. To assess the spatial-temporal dynamics, of egetation, in the southern region of Sidi Bel Abbes, for the period (2001- 2014), Landsat and MODIS NDVI data were processed and analysed using remote sensing software. The obtained results, confirm that the steppe region is highly degraded in the south and in the south-east, with light progression of vegetation noticed in the north and the north-west of the study area. The increase of vegetation cover is related to the reforestation actions, engaged by the forest services. For decision makers, the use of satellite imagery can improve the strategic conservation and management plans of the steppe ecosystem.International Journal of EnvironmentVolume-6, Issue-3, Jun-Aug 2017, Page:71-81
Wie sich Industrie 4.0 und Lean gegenseitig befruchten
Authors: Buscher Udo , Böger Frank
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Der Beitrag zeigt in Kürze auf, dass mit den Schlagworten Lean Management und Industrie 4.0 allein den individuellen Fragen und Anforderungen einzelner Unternehmen nicht sinnvoll begegnet werden kann. Um sich den kontinuierlich verändernden Markt- und Wettbewerbsbedingungen anzupassen, gilt es zu prüfen, ob sich der Einsatz der immer leistungsstärkeren und günstigeren Automatisierungslösungen sowie der neuen Fertigungstechnologien im Hinblick auf das eigene Unternehmen lohnt. Erfolgreiche Unternehmen werden es schaffen, betriebswirtschaftlich passgenaue Lösungen für die Bereiche ihrer Organisation, Automatisierung und verwendeten Technologien im Rahmen eines Gesamtkonzepts zu implementieren, in denen die schlanke Unternehmensführung, der Industrie-4.0-Einsatz und die zukunftsweisenden Fertigungsverfahren eng miteinander verzahnt sind.
Kombination etablierter und additiver Fertigung
Authors: Eschner Niclas , Kopf Robin , Lieneke Tobias , Künneke Thomas , Berger Dietrich , Häfner Benjamin , Lanza Gisela , Zimmer Detmar
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Der Serieneinsatz der additiven Fertigung ist maßgeblich durch die hohen Kosten und der geringen Produktivität der Verfahren limitiert. Der hier vorgestellte Ansatz zeigt, wie die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Laser-Strahlschmelzens (LBM) durch die Kombination mit etablierten Fertigungsverfahren erhöht werden kann. Ziel ist es, nur solche Funktionsträger additiv zu fertigen, die einen höheren Kundennutzen bringen. Dazu werden Konstruktionsrichtlinien definiert, Prozessketten erarbeitet und eine Qualitätssicherung mittels Ultraschallüberwachung realisiert.
Relationships Between Structural, Functional, and X-Ray Microcomputed Tomography Parameters of Pervious Concrete for Pavement Applications
Authors: Chandrappa Anush Konayakanahalli , Biligiri Krishna Prapoorna
Published: August 2017

Several countries have begun using pervious concrete (PC) pavements to reduce the adverse effects of impermeable surfaces resulting from high-impact development. Pore parameters and their relationship to other PC properties are not yet fully understood; however, this information is essential for rational designs of PC pavements. This study investigated the strength, functional, and permeability properties of 18 PC mixtures and used X-ray computed microtomography methods to determine the three-dimensional pore parameters and their relationships, which were thought to affect PC properties. The major findings of this study included the observation that the failure mode in compression was of the shear brittle type, in which the failure plane was inclined at 45° to the ground, and impact abrasion resistance was higher for larger-sized aggregates and was chiefly attributable to the individual aggregate particles debonding. Permeability was more sensitive at low hydrostatic pressure than at higher pressures. The sphericity and compactness of pores had positive correlations with each other, unlike the relationship between surface area and sphericity. The tortuosity calculated for six of the PC mixtures was less than one; this finding was attributed mainly to the single-sized pore structure. Tortuosity increased with an increase in porosity and permeability and decreased with increasing surface area and pore radius. This research should move the current understanding of PC pore structure one step forward and, therefore, will be helpful in modeling PC in a rational manner.
Evaluation of Self-Healing Efficiency of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Calcium Nitrate Microcapsules
Authors: Bonilla Luis , Hassan Marwa , Noorvand Hassan , Rupnow Tyson , Okeil Ayman
Published: August 2017

The self-healing efficiency of cementitious materials was improved by developing several strategies to provide and deliver the products (healing agents) needed for cracks to self-repair. This study evaluated the self-healing efficiency of microcapsules filled with calcium nitrate in reinforced and unreinforced concrete beams. The structural behavior and healing efficiency were evaluated by measuring and then comparing the initial stiffness, peak strength, and deformation with posthealing measurements. Furthermore, as part of this study, crack monitoring was conducted to evaluate crack healing over time. Then characterization analysis was carried out with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to quantify the healing components in the cracked areas. Results showed that the air content in samples containing microcapsules was two times higher than that in the control samples. Furthermore, addition of microcapsules lowered the flexural strength of concrete beams compared with that of the control samples. A positive stiffness recovery was recorded for all groups, with and without microcapsules or steel. Control samples showed the lowest stiffness recovery; however, the use of steel with microcapsules presented a superior healing efficiency and improved stiffness recovery significantly by 38%. Results from image analysis showed that crack widths did not completely heal for the control samples, while using microcapsules allowed the cracked widths to heal more efficiently. The best observed performance was for the microcapsules–steel group, which yielded 100% healing of the cracks.
Development of a Specification for Low-Cracking Bridge Deck Concrete in Virginia
Authors: Nair Harikrishnan , Ozyildirim H. Celik , Sprinkel Michael M.
Published: August 2017

Cracking continues to be the number one concern about bridge deck construction. Rarely is a deck without cracks constructed. Transverse cracking mainly attributable to drying shrinkage is common in bridge decks and has been observed in many bridge decks newly constructed by the Virginia Department of Transportation (DOT). Shrinkage-reducing admixtures (SRAs) in concrete reduce shrinkage and are one of the most effective ways of reducing shrinkage cracking. A low modulus of elasticity and high creep also help minimize cracking. Lightweight concrete (LWC) has a lower modulus of elasticity, higher inelastic strains, a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, a more continuous contact zone between the aggregate and the paste, and more water in the pores of aggregates for continued internal curing than normal weight concrete: all these factors help reduce cracking in LWC. Drying shrinkage can also be counteracted with the use of shrinkage-compensating concrete (SC). When properly restrained by reinforcement, SC can expand an amount equal to or slightly greater than the anticipated drying shrinkage. The research in this paper investigated the effectiveness of SC, LWC, and concrete with SRA in reducing cracks in bridge decks and to develop a low-cracking bridge deck specification for use in future Virginia DOT bridge decks. The study showed that bridges with fewer and narrower cracks could be constructed with SRA, LWC, and SC and that proper construction practices were needed to reduce bridge deck cracking. This study resulted in the Virginia DOT implementing a low-cracking bridge deck specification.
Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Islam Md Khairul , Chowdhury Mostofa Kamal , Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Biswas Prodip Kumar
Published: August 2017

Background and Purpose: The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by a combination of genetic factors and lifestyle factors like obesity, lack of physical activity and stress. T2DM can develop in chronic liver disease (CLD) though its actual mechanism is not fully understood. In case of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related CLD, HBV infection has been directly related to development of abnormal glucose metabolism by pancreatic islets cell injury. Development of Insulin resistance in case of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the key pathogenesis of development of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to study the magnitude of the problem of T2DM among the patients with various types of CLD and to find out the association of diabetes mellitus with the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient admitted in Medicine ward in Dhaka Medical College Hospital.Methods: This was an observational cross sectional study of 60 patients admitted into department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical college hospital between June, 2013 to December, 2013. It included all patients ?18 years of age and admitted with CLD. A diagnosis of CLD was made clinically by any 2 stigmata of liver disease and biochemical, ultrasonographic, endoscopic evidence of esophageal varices ± liver biopsy.Results: Of the total 60 CLD patients, 40 (66.7%) suffered from chronic HBV infection, 11 (18.3%) chronic HCV infection and alcoholic liver disease 5 (8.3%), Autoimmune 1 (1.7%), Wilson disease 1 (1.7%) and unknown cause were 2 (3.3%). Among the study subjects 21.67% had overt Diabetes Mellitus and it was found to be highest among those with chronic hepatitis C (36.4%) and those with chronic hepatitis B (20%) alcohol (20%). Type 2 DM was significantly higher among the CLD patients aged more than 50 years or more.Conclusions: It can be concluded that the occurrence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) could be a matter of great concern in CLD patients, indicating towards the need for regular monitoring of the glycemic status in these patients, which would have a definite role upon the treatment strategy.J MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 68-74
Chikungunya
Authors: Amin Md Robed , Rahman Md Mujibur , Islam Quazi Tarikul
Published: August 2017

Abstract not availableJ MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 92-108
Acquired Hemophilia in Female - A Case Report
Authors: Karmaker Madhabi , Zerin Israt , Afrose Salma , Rahman Md Mujibur , Azad Khan Abul Kalam
Published: August 2017

Acquired hemophilia is a rare but acquired bleeding diathesis caused by autoimmune depletion of Factor VIII or IX. Diagnosis of Acquired Hemophilia requires clinical acumen. The condition is often under diagnosed as because it is rare and patients usually dont have any unusual personal or family history of bleeding episodes. Acquired hemophilia has an equal sex distribution. So, clinicians should suspect acquired hemophilia in any patients with unexplained persistent and profound bleeding from uncommon soft tissues and mucosa and having prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) without other causes. Here we will report a 50-year-old lady presenting with recurrent spontaneous bruises and joint pain and swelling for 2 years. On examination we found multiple bruises and ecchymosis of different sizes with varying colour changes from bluish to greenish over different parts of her body including face, right shoulder, right elbow joint and 2nd and 3rd PIP joints. Lab findings showed decreased Hemoglobin with prolonged APTT which didnt correct in mixing study. After exclusion of other possible pathological conditions and on the basis of lab criteria we diagnosed the case as Acquired Hemophilia. She was successfully treated with blood transfusion, recombinant activated factor VIII, Steroid and supportive treatments and was discharged with improving symptoms, stable hematocrit and resolving bruises.J MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 119-122
Leriche Syndrome
Authors: Seol Sang Hoon
Published: August 2017

Leriche syndrome is a thrombotic occlusion of abdominal aorta, extending both just above the site of aortic bifurcation and the common iliac arteries. Risk factors are hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The symptoms include erectile dysfunction, bilateral claudication with ischemic pain. Surgical operation is usually recommended for the management.J MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 128-129
Fabrication of Crumpled Ball-Like Nickel Doped Palladium-Iron Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles with Controlled Morphology as Effective Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Jang Seongwan , Kim Taewoo , Park Kang
Published: August 2017

We report a facile synthetic strategy for nickel-doped palladium-iron oxide hybrid nanoparticles with controllable morphology. In this synthetic method, the morphology of the nanoparticles was regulated by the amount of triphenylphosphine used. When 1 mmol of triphenylphosphine was used as a capping agent, the main morphology of the nanoparticles was crumpled balls composed of nanosheets with an average particle size of 215 nm. The nanoparticles showed higher catalytic activity in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction than did other nanoparticles at equal amounts of Pd. This strategy allowed the reduction of the Pd loading in hybrid nanoparticles while still providing the performance level required for the reaction.
A Zero-Power, Low-Cost Ultraviolet-C Colorimetric Sensor Using a Gallium Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid via Photoelectrochemical Reactions
Authors: Kim Seungdu , Han Kook , Lee In , Yoon Yeojoon , Park Won , Hong Suck , Yang Woo , Hwang Wan
Published: August 2017

A zero-power, low-cost ultraviolet (UV)-C colorimetric sensor is demonstrated using a gallium oxide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid via photoelectrochemical reactions. A wide bandgap semiconductor (WBS) such as gallium oxide with an energy bandgap of 4.9 eV generates electron-hole pairs (EHPs) when exposed under a mercury lamp emitting 254 nm. While the conventional UVC sensors employing WBS convert the generated EHPs into an electrical signal via a solid-state junction device (SSD), our newly proposed UVC sensory system works by converting EHPs into an electrochemical reaction. The electrochemical reaction causes the degradation of a cationic thiazine redox dye, methylene blue (MB) and thereby spontaneously changes its color. As more rGO was hybridized with the gallium oxide, MB degradation was effectively expedited. Thus, the level of MB degradation under UVC can be evaluated as a UVC indicator. Unlike conventional SSD-based UVC sensors, our responsive colorimetric sensor can be applied where needed inexpensively and zero power.
Assessing the Value of Systematic Cycling in a Polluted Urban Environment
Authors: Guariso Giorgio , Malvestiti Giulia
Published: August 2017

The positive health effects of systematic cycling are weighted against the negative effects due to higher pollutant inhalation in the actual case of the city of Milan in northern Italy. The paper first evaluates the actual use of bikes in the city, and then considers why and how much such an active mobility style can be expanded. Two models are used to compare the outcome of cycling on the specific population sample with the equivalent path travelled by car. The first model computes the long term effects of the physical activity, and the second evaluates the exacerbation of some relevant diseases due to the exposure to high levels of pollutants, in the case at hand, mainly particulate matter with diameter smaller than 10 μm (PM10). According to these two models, the overall balance for public health is always in favour of systematic biking. Even the current level of biking, low in comparison to other European cities, allows a considerable economic advantage on the order of tens of millions euros per year. This may increase to hundreds of millions if the biking level of more bike-friendly cities is reached. Despite being much less relevant from the economic viewpoint, the study also estimates the reduction of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions corresponding to the assumed biking levels.
Analysis of Vibrations in Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Considering Air-Gap Deformation
Authors: Li Yi , Chai Feng , Song Zaixin , Li Zongyang
Published: August 2017

This paper studies the non-uniform air-gap caused by stator and rotor deformations, together with its effects on the spatial and temporal spectrum of the radial magnetic force density in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). According to the mathematical model of the deformed air-gap length, the superposition method is adopted to derive the air-gap permeance. Then, the formulas of the magnetic flux field and radial force density of the IPMSM considering air-gap deformation are obtained. Considering the stator oval deformation and the rotor centrifugal distortion in the electromagnetic finite element models (FEMs), the finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments of the investigated IPMSM are carried out to verify the results obtained by the theoretical analysis at different operations. Finally, the mathematical correlation between air-gap deformation and electromagnetic vibration is obtained. The result is helpful in solving problems of mutual influence between electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics during the optimization design of IPMSM.
Models for Flow Rate Simulation in Gear Pumps: A Review
Authors: Rundo Massimo
Published: August 2017

Gear pumps represent the majority of the fixed displacement machines used for flow generation in fluid power systems. In this context, the paper presents a review of the different methodologies used in the last years for the simulation of the flow rates generated by gerotor, external gear and crescent pumps. As far as the lumped parameter models are concerned, different ways of selecting the control volumes into which the pump is split are analyzed and the main governing equations are presented. The principles and the applications of distributed models from 1D to 3D are reported. A specific section is dedicated to the methods for the evaluation of the necessary geometric quantities: analytic, numerical and Computer-Aided Design (CAD)-based. The more recent studies taking into account the influence on leakages of the interactions between the fluid and the mechanical parts are explained. Finally the models for the simulation of the fluid aeration are described. The review brings to evidence the increasing effort for improving the simulation models used for the design and the optimization of the gear machines.
Assessing and Monitoring Forest Degradation in a Deciduous Tropical Forest in Mexico via Remote Sensing Indicators
Authors: Romero-Sanchez Martin , Ponce-Hernandez Raul
Published: August 2017

Assessing and monitoring forest degradation under national Monitoring, Verification and Reporting (MRV) systems in developing countries have been difficult to implement due to the lack of adequate technical and operational capacities. This study aims at providing methodological options for monitoring forest degradation in developing countries by using freely available remote sensing, forest inventory and ancillary data. We propose using Canopy Cover to separate, through a time series analysis approach using Landsat Imagery, forest areas with changes over time from sectors that report a “stable condition”. Above ground Biomass and Net Primary Productivity derived from remote sensing data were used to define thresholds for areas considered degraded. The approach was tested in a semi-deciduous tropical forest in the Southeast of Mexico. The results showed that higher rates of forest degradation, 1596 to 2865 ha year−1, occur in areas with high population densities. The results also showed that 43% of the forests of the study area remain with no evident signs of degradation, as determined by the indicators used. The approach and procedures followed allowed for the identification and mapping of the temporal and spatial distribution of forest degradation, based on the indicators selected, and they are expected to serve as the basis for operations of the Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) initiative in Mexico and other developing countries, provided appropriate adaptations of the methodology are made to the conditions of the area in turn.
Edyn: Dynamic Signaling of Changes to Forests Using Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Charts
Authors: Brooks Evan , Yang Zhiqiang , Thomas Valerie , Wynne Randolph
Published: August 2017

Remote detection of forest disturbance remains a key area of interest for scientists and land managers. Subtle disturbances such as drought, disease, insect activity, and thinning harvests have a significant impact on carbon budgeting and forest productivity, but current change detection algorithms struggle to accurately identify them, especially over decadal timeframes. We introduce an algorithm called Edyn, which inputs a time series of residuals from harmonic regression into a control chart to signal low-magnitude, consistent deviations from the curve as disturbances. After signaling, Edyn retrains a new baseline curve. We compared Edyn with its parent algorithm (EWMACD—Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Change Detection) on over 3500 visually interpreted Landsat pixels from across the contiguous USA, with reference data for timing and type of disturbance. For disturbed forested pixels, Edyn had a mean per-pixel commission error of 31.1% and omission error of 70.0%, while commission and omission errors for EWMACD were 39.9% and 65.2%, respectively. Edyn had significantly less overall error than EWMACD (F1 = 0.19 versus F1 = 0.13). These patterns generally held for all of the reference data, including a direct comparison to other contemporary change detection algorithms, wherein Edyn and EWMACD were found to have lower omission error rates for a category of subtle changes over long periods.
Allometric Equations for Estimating Compartment Biomass and Stem Volume in Mature Hybrid Poplars: General or Site-Specific?
Authors: Fortier Julien , Truax Benoit , Gagnon Daniel , Lambert France
Published: August 2017

We evaluated the extent to which general or site-specific allometric equations, using diameter at breast height (DBH) as a predictor, are more accurate for estimating stem volume, stem biomass, branch biomass, aboveground woody biomass, and coarse root biomass in 14 year-old plantations of Populus canadensis × Populus maximowiczii (clone DN × M-915508) located along an environmental gradient in southern Québec (eastern Canada). The effect of tree size and site on stem wood basic density, moisture content, and proportion of branch biomass was also evaluated. For stem volume, stem biomass, and aboveground biomass, site-specific and general models had comparable fit and accuracy, but lower Akaike’s Information Criterion (AICc) values were observed for the general models. For the branch and coarse root biomass, higher fit and accuracy and lower AICc values were observed for the site-specific models. Allometric trajectory changes (plastic allometry) across sites were mainly observed for coarse root biomass, branch biomass, and stem volume. On the low fertility site, allocation was increased to coarse roots and decreased to stem volume. Site-specific tradeoffs between tree architecture and stem wood density explained the relatively invariant allometry for the whole aboveground woody biomass across the plantation sites. On the high fertility sites, basic wood density was the lowest and declined as tree DBH increased. At all sites, stem wood moisture content and the proportion of branch biomass increased with DBH. Overall, this study showed that biomass allometry, tree architecture, and biomass quality are a function of both tree size and plantation environment in hybrid poplar. Allometric model selection (site-specific or general) should depend on the objective pursued (evaluation of yield, nutrient budget, carbon stocks).
Consumption of Energy Drinks among Undergraduate Students in Taiwan: Related Factors and Associations with Substance Use
Authors: Chang Yen-Jung , Peng Ching-Yi , Lan Yu-Ching
Published: August 2017

Background: This study aimed to investigate the consumption of energy drinks and associated factors among undergraduate students in Taiwan. Methods: Data came from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015. Eligible participants completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing use and perceptions of energy drinks, tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut. Results: Among 606 surveyed undergraduate students, 24.8% reported consuming energy drinks in the past 30 days. The major reasons for use included keeping alert at work (48.7%), being curious about the products (32.0%), enjoying the flavor (31.3%), or preparing for school exams (26.7%). Among energy drink users, half have never read the nutrition label, and 15.3% reported that they had ever mixed energy drinks with alcohol. Most participants showed negative attitudes toward using tobacco, alcohol, or betel nut, while 54.1% reported positive attitudes toward consuming energy drinks. Being male, living away from parents’ home, tobacco use, alcohol use, and positive perceptions of energy drink’s effects significantly predicted energy drink consumption. Conclusions: In addition to exploring motivations of energy drink consumption in undergraduate students in Taiwan, the study findings indicated that energy drink consumption might relate to the use of tobacco and alcohol, which should be taken into account in substance use prevention programs.
Positive Rates and Factors Associated with Abnormal Lung Function of Greenhouse Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Gao Panjun , Gu Yishuo , Xiao Pei , Liu Mengxuan , Chen Juan , Cen Yacai , Ma Wenjun , Li Tao
Published: August 2017

Since the number of greenhouse workers are increasing in China, this observational cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate lung function and discuss the potential risk factors, to provide evidence in the surveillance of greenhouse workers’ health. 678 greenhouse workers in Gansu Province, China were enrolled. A questionnaire which included demographic and occupational information was used. Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and FEV1:FVC ratios (FEV1/FVC), maximal expiratory flow after 50% of the FVC has not been exhaled (MEF50), maximal expiratory flow after 25% of the FVC has not been exhaled (MEF25) and maximal mid-expiratory flow curve (MMEF) were measured as lung function indicators. The mean values and standard deviations (SDs) of VC% predicted, FVC% predicted, FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC ratio were 106.07 ± 13.36, 107.60 ± 13.95, 97.19 ± 14.80 and 89.76 ± 10.78 respectively. The positive rates of above four and abnormal lung ventilation function were 2.9%, 2.8%, 11.2%, 4.6% and 6.5% respectively. Gender, age, BMI and number of greenhouses owned were influence factors of lung ventilation function (p < 0.05). The mean values and SDs of MEF50% predicted, MEF25% predicted and MMEF% predicted were 69.63 ± 24.95, 54.04 ± 24.94 and 66.81 ± 24.53. The positive rates of above three and abnormal small airway function were 45.0%, 72.1%, 47.2% and 49.4% respectively. Age, education and number of greenhouses owned were influence factors for small airway function (p < 0.05). Working in a greenhouse might influence lung function of the workers. Small airway function indicators could be used as priority indicators for the surveillance of greenhouse workers’ health.