bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancement of STEM-Based E-Student Worksheet To Enhance The HOTS of Elementary School Students
Authors: Zainil Melva , Kenedi Ary Kiswanto , Asnawi
Published: December 2022

During the covid-19 pandemic, there was a demand for online learning innovations that could meet the characteristics of elementary school students and develop HOTS for elementary school students. The goal of this study is to develop a STEM-based E-Student Worksheet to enhance valid and effective HOTS of elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. HOTS measured in this study was the cognitive level C4, C5 and C6.This study used a four-dimensional model to conduct development research. The participants in this study were elementary school students in second grade as many as 60 students. The qualitative and quantitative data used in this study included observation sheets, documentation, questionnaires, and test questions. Qualitative data was analysed by collecting data, reducing data, and drawing conclusions, whereas quantitative data was analysed by applying the independent t-test. According to the study's findings, a STEM-based E-Student Worksheet had been developed to enhance elementary school students' valid and effective HOTS during the covid-19 pandemic. The findings of this study can be used by teachers to guide them through the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring Students’ LOTS and HOTS in Answering Reading Questions
Authors: Armala Intan , Fauziati Endang , Asib Abdul
Published: December 2022

In the twenty-first century, the education world must fulfill the demands for teaching and learning connected to thinking abilities. For people who are more nuanced and intellectual, the ability to think is necessary. Students must be able to think to reach their learning objectives. Teachers face dilemmas in the classroom in terms of higher-order thinking skills. Teachers incorporate higher-order thinking skills into the teaching and learning process to provide experiences to students, especially in answering questions about higher-order thinking skills. Students often have difficulty answering HOTS questions. As a result, students have difficulty answering reading comprehension questions. This study aimed to explore what students' LOTS and HOTS were in response to reading questions. This type of research is descriptive and qualitative. Data was collected by giving a reading test to 18 students. The instrument used in collecting data is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that the student's ability to answer reading questions based on the LOTS was good. Second, the ability of students to answer reading questions based on HOTS is lacking. Third, the difference in student's ability to answer reading questions based on LOT and HOT is enough. As a result of these findings, students' ability to answer reading questions based on LOTS and HOTS should be improved.
The Effectiveness of Visual Picture Economics Textbook Based on Problem Based Learning in Improving Reading Literacy Skills
Authors: Setyowati Fitri Andriani , Kristiani  , Murwaningsih Tri
Published: December 2022

The low reading literacy of Indonesian students is still a problem in the world of education in Indonesia. Testing the feasibility of reading literacy instruments and testing the effectiveness of visual picture economics textbook based on problem-based learning in improving reading literacy skills are the objectives of this study. This type of study is quasi-experimental, with a sample of 62 students divided into classes XI IPS1 and XI IPS2. The samples in this study used the cluster random sampling method. The data taken from this study used various techniques including (1) interviews, (2) observations, (3) questionnaires, and (4) questions. Data analysis uses several techniques including (1) quantitative descriptive analysis, (2) Inferential statistical analysis was preceded by a prerequisite test consisting of a normality test and a homogeneity test followed by a t-test, and (3) hypothesis testing. The results showed that the reading literacy instrument was declared feasible and valid, and the research data were normally distributed and homogeneous. In addition, based on the t-test, the results showed that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted, which means that there is a difference in the level of students' reading literacy skills between using visual picture economics textbook based on problem-based learning and conventional economics textbooks. In the experimental class, the average reading literacy level was 68.74 and 60.52 in the control class. Based on these results, the use of an economic textbook with visual images based on problem-based learning is more effective in improving reading literacy compared to using conventional economics textbooks. This research implies increasing reading literacy skills by utilizing visual picture economics textbook based on problem-based learning.
Enhancing Students’ Reading Comprehension with Gamification of Local Wisdom Stories during Emergency Online Learning
Authors: Nitiasih Putu Kerti , Permana I Gede Yoga , Budiartha Luh Gd Rahayu
Published: December 2022

During online learning time, students are required to learn more independently. However, the absence of learning media to support learning process makes it difficult for students to understand the learning material. This current study was aimed at analyses the impact of gamification of local wisdom stories towards students’ reading comprehension during emergency remote teaching. The study was an experimental study with pretest posttest design followed by 127 students in two selected primary schools. In conducting the study, students were given pretest about their reading comprehension, introduced and taught with gamification of local wisdom stories, and given posttest after finishing the material available in gamification. The instruments used have been through expert tests and field tests. Descriptive analysis was conducted to find the mean score and standard deviation. From the results of descriptive and inferential analysis, it was found that the mean score students’ reading comprehension in posttest (80.27) was higher than the pretest (72.91). A significant mean difference was identified based on the result of paired sample t test (Sig. 2-tailed= .001). The study concludes that the use of gamification of local wisdom stories was able to enhance students’ reading comprehension. Suggestions for further study are also encouraged in order to enhance the quality of gamification and students’ learning satisfaction.
Improve Critical Thinking Skills with Informatics Educational Games
Authors: Samin  , Gunarhadi  , Efendi Agus
Published: December 2022

Facing the challenges of the 21st century Critical thinking is one of the main abilities that students must have. The problem of low critical thinking skills is caused by factors in students and learning that does not focus on developing critical thinking skills. This study aims to develop an Informatics educational game with higher order thinking skill (HOTS) questions based on the Berbras competition to improve students' critical thinking skills. The research design used by the ADDIE model consists of the stages of analysis, design, develop, implementation, evaluation. Test the effectiveness of educational games using experimental research with Noneequivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects were 32 students in class VIIA and 33 students in class VIIB. Collecting data using a questionnaire instrument and an essay test. The research data were analyzed using paired samples test, with the data requirements being normally distributed and homogeneous. The results of the normality and homogeneity test of the data, obtained a significance level greater than 0.05 so that the critical thinking ability data is normally distributed and homogeneous. The increase in critical thinking skills from the N-Gain analysis of the experimental class was 0.63 in the medium category and the control class was 0.43 in the medium category. Based on the results of the paired samples test, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded that the use of informatics educational games has a significant effect on increasing students' critical thinking skills.
Infographics in Higher Education: Instructional Media for Students' Writing Proficiency
Authors: Putra I Kadek Swartana , Ratminingsih Ni Made , Utami IGA Lokita Purnamika , Artini Luh Putu , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman , Marsakawati Ni Putu Era
Published: December 2022

The majority of ESL/EFL students is that writing is challenging and frustrating. Limited vocabulary and low idea gathering appears to be most difficult issues in writing process. This research was quasi-experimental, with a control group that was only used for the post-test. This research aims to analyses the effectiveness of infographics as instructional media on students' writing proficiency. Two classes totalling 64 students made up the sample, which was drawn using random cluster sampling. A writing test served as the research instrument. An independent t-test was used to assess the data. The findings indicated that the experimental group's students were more proficient writers. The experimental group did better than the control group in terms of means (85.97 > 83.48) and the t-test results (3.126 > 3.125). In comparison to the conventional instruction, it was shown that using infographics as instructional media had a substantial impact on students writing proficiency. The effect size computation yielded a result of 0.78, which was examined in the Cohen's d table. In conclusion, infographics had a significant effect on students' writing proficiency as an instructional media.
Trigger factors of using Moodle or e-learning by faculty of Medicine and health Sciences College and Education College
Authors: Saida Affouneh  , Eman Alshawish
Published: December 2022

There are several obstacles to implementing e-learning. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators in using Moodle or e-learning by the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, the College of Health Sciences, and the College of Education. This type of research is qualitative research. This research report is based on the SRQR guidelines. The sample used in this study amounted to seven Faculties of Medicine and Health Sciences, Colleges, and Schools of Education. The method used in collecting data interviews. The instrument used in data collection is an interview sheet. The technique used in analyzing the data is descriptive qualitative analysis. The result of this research is that the study reveals three key factors that represent barriers to using Moodle or e-learning from the participants' perceptions. First, individual barriers (educators & students). Second, institutional barriers or workplace barriers. Third, the participants considered the use of social media (Facebook) in the teaching process unprofessional at the academic level. The English competence of Medical and Health Science students is considered the central supporting factor in using e-learning compared to education students. Participants considered the use of Facebook as unprofessional in academic level communication.
Media Augmented Reality untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains dan Kemampuan Metakognitif Kelas V SD
Authors: I Putu Gilang Leo Agusta
Published: December 2022

Keaktifan siswa masih sangat kurang dan penerapan literasi hanya mengandalkan buku ajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media Augmented Reality untuk meningkatkan literasi sains dan metakognitif kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan model ADDIE.  Subjek penelitian yaitu 2 ahli media dan 2 ahli isi pembelajaran. Subjek uji coba yaitu 25 dan 2 guru. Metode mengumpulkan data menggunakan wawacara, angket, tes dan observasi. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan rating scale. Teknik analisis menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif serta analisis statistic infrensial.  Hasil penelitian yaitu penilaian yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi mendapatkan 4,85 (sangat baik) dan ahli media 4,83 (sangat baik). Hasil validiasi respon guru yaitu 4,62 dan respon siswa yaitu 4,7 sehingga sangat baik. Hasil uji hipotesis yaitu diperoleh signifikasi  0,000 baik di uji secara bersama-sama maupun terpisah, sehingga terdapat perbedaan  yang signifikan literasi sains dan kemampuan metakognitif. Disimpulkan bahwa Augmented Reality dapat meningkatkan literasi sains dan metakognitif.
Buku Digital Berbasis Scrapbook Terhadap Literasi Baca Tulis Siswa Kelas III SD
Authors: Kadek Mita Lasmini  , Ni Ketut Suarni  , I Wayan Widiana
Published: December 2022

Dalam memahami sebuah bacaan siswa belum mampu menangkap serta menuangkan gagasan ke dalam tulisan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis buku digital berbasis scrapbook terhadap literasi baca tulis. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian eksperimen semu dengan menggunakan rancangan nonequivalent post-test only control group design. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 105 siswa kelas III SD. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu 58 siswa. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu tes. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan soal tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis statistic deskriptif dan statistic inferensial. Hasil analisis yaitu nilai F hitung levenge test sebesar 1,227 dengan probabilitas adalah 0,273 karena probabilitas > 0,05 maka H1 ditola. Nilai t yaitu 6,340 dan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Maka terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara rata-rata nilai post test pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Disimpulkan bahwa buku digital berbasis scrapbook dapat meningkatkan literasi baca tulis pada siswa.
Media Pop-Up Book dengan Latar Gambar Nuansa Budaya Bali untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar pada Topik Tata Surya
Authors: Ni Kadek Diana Yuni Pertiwi  , Suranata Kadek , Trisna Gusti Ayu Putu Sukma
Published: December 2022

Kurang inovatifnya guru dalam mengembangkan sebuah media yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa dan pembelajaran berdampak pada kurang optimalnya proses pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media pop-up bernuansa budaya Bali pada topik tata surya. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian yaitu 2 ahli media. Subjek uji coba yaitu 2 guru dan 3 siswa kelas VI SD. Metode mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner. Instrument yang digunakan yaitu rating scale. Teknik yang digunakan menganalisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif serta statistic inferensial. Hasil penelitian yaitu Penilaian dari ahli media yaitu 4,25 (sangat baik). Hasil respon guru dan siswa yaitu 5,00 (sangat baik). Hasil uji hipotesis yaitu 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga terdapat perbedaan hasil minat belajar siswa kelas VI SD setelah belajar  menggunakan media pop-up book. Disimpulkan media pop-up book dengan latar gambar nuansa budaya Bali efektif untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar.
Pengaruh Gadget pada Minat dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas II SDN 67 Pekanbaru
Authors: Nadia  , Febrina Dafit
Published: December 2022

Hampir semua siswa dikelas II sudah bisa menggunakan gadget seperti untuk bermain game, nonton video youtube dan tiktok. Hal ini membuat minat belajar siswa menjadi berkurang dan hasil belajarnya pun menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh gadget pada minat belajar dan umtuk mengetahui pengaruh gadget pada hasil belajar siswa kelas II SDN 67 Pekanbaru. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendeketan metode deskripti, dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji regresi linier sederhana dan korelasi determinasi. Hasil uji regresi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa gadget(X) memiliki pengaruh terhadap Minat belajar(Y1) sebesar 14,2 % Dan hasil gadget(X) memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar(Y2)  sebesar 10.9 % pada Siswa kelas II  Sdn 67 Pekanbaru. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah gadget berpengaruh terhadap minat belajar sebesar 14,2% dan gadget berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 10,9 % pada siswa kelas II Sdn 67 Pekanbaru
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMA 8 (BUMIKU) DI KELAS VI SEKOLAH DASAR GUGUS III KECAMATAN GEROKGAK
Authors: Astra arsiana Kadek evan , Yudiana Kadek , Antara Putu Aditya
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validitas isi, validitas butir, reliabilitas, daya beda, dan tingkat kesukaran dari instrumen penilaian HOTS pada pembelajaran Tema 8 (bumiku) di kelas VI sekolah dasar. Pada penelitian ini, pengembangan instrumen penilaian berpedoman pada model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah metode tes. Hasil uji validitas isi yang diuji oleh 4 dosen ahli instrumen penilaian HOTS dinyatakan relevan, uji validitas butir soal yang dilakukan di 4 sekolah dinyatakan valid, hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen penilaian HOTS sebesar 0,82 yang berada pada kategori sangat tinggi, rata-rata hasil uji daya beda soal sebesar 0,43 yang berada pada kategori baik, rata-rata hasil uji tingkat kesukaran soal sebesar 0,502 yang berada pada kategori sedang. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut maka dapat dikatakan bahwa instrumen penilaian higher order thinking skill (HOTS) pada pembelajaran Tema 8 (bumiku) di kelas VI sekolah dasar layak digunakan.
Analisis Perbedaan Penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak dan Kompetensi Sosial Ditinjau dari Karakater Anak SD Negeri Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Sardius Sardius , Dewi Nasien  , Amalia Sapriati
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the differences in child-friendly school programs in terms of character and social competence in Pekanbaru City Elementary School. This study uses quantitative analysis with comparative hypotheses to test the differences. The sample in this study was 352 children who were selected by proportional random sampling technique in each sub-district in Pekanbaru. The instrument in this study used a child-friendly school questionnaire, children's social competence and children's character. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing using MANOVA. The results of data analysis show that 1) there are differences in child-friendly school programs in terms of the child's character. Children with polite character have a very good perception of the implementation of the SRA program. 2) There are differences in children's social competence in terms of children's character. Children with polite character have very good social competence, while confident and disciplined characters have poor social competence results
Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Talib Hatim , Chekrine Tarik , Bourhafour Mouna , Jouhadi Hassan , Bouchbika Zineb , Benchakroun Nadia , Tawfiq Nezha , Sahraoui Souha
Published: December 2022

Palpebral sebaceous carcinoma (PSC) is a rare malignant disease. Despite the possibility of extraocular location, the ocular region is the most described site in the literature. This tumor is poorly known and can mimic various benign conditions, explaining the frequent diagnostic delays. We report a new observation of sebaceous carcinoma in a 59-year-old patient and a review of the literature. It mainly affects the elderly with a female predominance.  Its location in the upper eyelid remains the most common site, unlike our patient who presented with a lower eyelid disease. Surgery seems to be the treatment of choice for local sebaceous cell carcinoma, the role of radiotherapy is still to be clearly defined but the studies detailed in our paper have confirmed its effectiveness in inoperable patients or patients with advanced local disease, the use of chemotherapy during or before radiotherapy remains to be clarified.
Critical Age Theory: Institutional Abuse of Older People in Health Care
Authors: Garrett Mario D.
Published: December 2022

Theories of elder abuse focus on the characteristics of the victim, the perpetrator, and the context of abuse. Although all three factors play a role, we are biased to notice individual misbehavior as the primary and sole cause of abuse. We see individuals as responsible for abuse. By examining abuses across a spectrum of healthcare services, abuse is more likely to be due to the institutional culture that includes the use of medications, Assisted Living, Skilled Nursing Facilities/nursing homes, hospices, hospitals, and Medicare Advantage programs. This study highlights multiple and consistent institutional abuses that result in harm and death of older adults on a consistent basis. The results show that when profit is increased, standards of care are diminished, and abuse ensues. Assigning responsibility to the management of healthcare becomes a priority in reducing this level of abuse. However, there are biases that stop us from assigning blame to institutions. Individual healthcare workers adhere to work protocol and rationalize the negative outcomes as inevitable or due to the vulnerability and frailness of older people. This culture is socialized for new employees that develop a culture of diminishing the needs of the individual patient in favor of the priorities dictated by the management protocol. In addition, the public is focused on assigning blame to individuals. Once an individual is assigned blame then they do not look beyond that to understand the context of abuse. A context that is generated by healthcare facilities maximizing profit and denigrating patient care. Regulatory agencies such as the U.S. DHHS, CDC, State Public Health Agencies, State/City Elder Abuse units, and Ombudsmen Programs all collude, for multiple reasons, in diminishing institutional responsibility.
COVID Vaccination for Children: A Literature Review
Authors: Tristianti Vennia Riskia
Published: December 2022

The coronaviruswdiseasew2019w(COVID-19) pandemic has devastated the world since 2020. The transmission ofwCOVID-19 occurs through droplets from the respiratory system, not through airborne transmission. Caused by SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 causes a variety of symptoms in patients, including mild, moderate, severe, and even asymptomatic symptoms. COVID-19 can occur in children and adolescents as well as adults undergoing treatment. Children tend to be asymptomatic or have milder clinical symptoms than adults. One way to stop the spreadwofwCOVID-19 is through vaccination. COVID-19wvaccineswapprovedwfor use in children and adolescents include Pfizer, Moderna and CoronaVac. Vaccines cause mild to moderate local and systemic side effects, includes injection site pain (80%), weakness and headache (60%), and fever (20%). Based on the recommendation of the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI) for the provision of COVID-19 vaccine to children and adolescents, it is recommended to administer0the CoronaVac vaccine made by SinoVac at a dose of 3 µg (0.5 ml) by intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle.
Thyroid Function Screening in Newborn: A Literature Review
Authors: Tristianti Vennia Riskia
Published: December 2022

The thyroid hormone has a vital role in the growth and maturation of many target tissues, especially the brain and bone. Abnormalities of thyroid gland function in neonates not only cause metabolic disorders such as thyroid disorders in adults but also cause tissue abnormalities whose growth and maturation depend on thyroid hormone. Furthermore, they are at high risk for permanent mental retardation if they do not get treatment immediately. Thyroid function abnormalities often do not show typical clinical signs and symptoms at birth, even though the duration of early intervention is very short to prevent mental retardation. Therefore, it is important to detect thyroid abnormalities in infants early through thyroid hormone screening in neonates. Most states use TSH for primary screening, with T4 as the second level of testing. Testing before the recommended time will detect a physiological TSH spike, causing a falsely abnormal result. The earlier the detection and treatment of hypothyroidism, the better the patient's prognosis.
Effect of Exposure to Follicular Fluid in Endometrioma Patients on the Presence of Polar Body I, Distribution Pattern and Intensity of Mitochondria Oocyte Fluorescence
Authors: Chandragiram Tjokorda Gede Ngurah , Jaya Made Suyasa , Sudiman Jacqueline , Adnyana Ida Bagus Putra , Asmara Alit Darma , Dewi Putu Pradnya Paramitha , Darmawan Agustinus
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Mitochondria are small organelles that are directly involved in many essential cellular functions. Mitochondria are very sensitive to the surrounding environmental conditions and are easily affected by various free radicals or ROS. Endometriosis is a disease associated with increased ROS. The effect of endometriosis on oocyte mitochondrial abnormalities or dysfunction has received limited attention. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to follicular fluid in endometrioma patients on the presence of polar body I, distribution pattern, and intensity of mitochondrial fluorescence in mice oocytes.

Methods: The study design was a randomized post-test only control group design using oocytes of immature Swiss mice exposed to follicular fluid from endometrioma patients. Follicular fluid was taken at the time of picking oocytes from infertility patients who participated in the FIV-ISIS program. Immature oocytes were matured in vitro (IVM) in culture media with follicular fluid added from endometrioma and non-endometriotic patients as a control. The presence of polar body I (oocyte maturation), fluorescence intensity (amount/metabolic activity) and mitochondrial distribution pattern were compared in the two groups. Data analysis with SPSS 16.0 program. Variable analysis was done by chi square test and independent t test.

Results: Polar body I was significantly lower (30% vs 75%) in the treatment group compared to the control group (p=0,01). The pattern of diffuse distribution (30% vs 70%) was significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group (p=0,027). The mean fluorescence intensity (556,54
268.96 vs 818,07228.17) was significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group (p<0,001).

Conclusion: The effect of exposure to follicular fluid in endometrioma patients significantly reduced the presence of polar body I, caused a change in distribution pattern and decreased the intensity of mitochondrial fluorescence in mice oocytes.
HBs Antigen Seroprevalence of the Hepatitis B Virus in Blood Donors using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay at the Essos Hospital Centre of Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Olinga Zanga , Philippe Salomon Nguwoh  , Taheu Christian Ngounouh , Likeng Julienne Louise Ngo , Nguepidjo Gilbert , Tonmeu Sandrine Chimène Douyong , Folefack Guy Benoit Lekeufack , Sevilor Kekeunou , Tchoffo Désiré , Fokam Joseph
Published: December 2022

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most common infectious pathogens worldwide particularly in sub Saharan African (SSA). In Cameroon, HBV is highly endemic (HBsAg >8%), suggesting a rigorous transfusion safety policy on the national territory. This study aimed to determine HBs antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence of the HBV in blood donors using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent (ELISA) at the Essos Hospital Centre (EHC) in Yaounde, Cameroon.
Methods: From January, 18th to May 31st, 2021, we carried out a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study among 326 volunteer blood donors attending EHC of Yaounde, Cameroon. The socio-demographic data of the participants was described while the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) was determined using qualitative ELISA (Rapid Labs HBsAg) technique in the sera or plasma. The data was analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v. 22. The difference between two proportions was considered significant when the probability of error was less than 0.05 (p<0.05).    
Results: The median age of blood donors was 25 years (min-max: 12-52 years), the male were more represented with 96.32% (314/326) and the sex ratio (M/F) was 26.2. Globally, the HBsAg seroprevalence among blood donors was 13.19% (95% CI: 9.7%-17.4%; 43/326). The seroprevalence of HBV (HBsAg) was not statistically associated with sociodemographic characteristics of the study population (p<0.05). Meanwhile, this seroprevalence was high in male (95.35%; n=41), in the blood donors aged between 18 and 26 years old (51.16%; n=22), in single (83.72%; n=36) in blood donors with secondary education (74.42%; n=32). In addition, informal (55.81%; n=24), catholic (100.0%) and family blood donors (100.0%) were more infected.
Conclusion: This study revealed a very high HBs antigen seroprevalence in blood donors attending the EHC in Yaounde, Cameroon. However, none of the sociodemographic characteristics was not significantly associated with HBV infection in the study population. Thus, reducing the frequency of post-transfusion hepatitis B remains a permanent challenge in Cameroon.
Ceacal Appendage Incarceration through the 8 mm Portal after Salvage Robotic Pelvic Lymphadenectomy
Authors: Fernandes Ferro Ricardo Alexandre , B. Guglielmetti Giuliano , Mello Fróes da Fonseca Fernando , Leal Barroso Ferro Renata
Published: December 2022

Background: Biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy can be found in a large number of cases. Salvage lymphadenectomy is a safe procedure that has been proposed through years in patients with nodal recurrence. We aim to present an unusual post operative complication in this scenario.

Case Report: A patient has been submitted to robotic salvage lymphadenectomy. At the fifth post operative day started with drainage of high volume serous liquid through portal trocars. TC scan was performed and shows appendage herniation through trocar incision, with normal laboratory findings. Attempts were made to reduce the tip of the appendix into the abdominal cavity, without success. opted to perform laparoscopic appendectomy.

Conclusion: Our case shows a different complication after robotic salvage lymphadenectomy. Radiologic exams help in diagnosis and treatment planning. In such cases, surgical procedure is mandatory with good outcomes.
A Prospective Observational Study on Evaluating the Efficacy of Bedside Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Assessing Clinical Progression of Patients Admitted in Neurosurgical ICU with Comparisons to CT Scans and GCS Score
Authors: Munakomi Sunil , Chaulagain Dipak
Published: December 2022

Background: Ultrasound Optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound (ONSD) assessment is a non-invasive, bedside, and easily repeatable tool for dynamic measurement of intracranial pressure with high diagnostic accuracy. The goal of this study was to find out if an ONSD can accurately predict the findings of the progression of intracranial lesions in computed tomography (CT) scans and associated deterioration in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) among neurosurgical patients. 
Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of ONSD assessment among 54 patients admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit for clinical and radiological evaluation of raised intracranial pressure. Both horizontal and vertical optic nerve sheath diameters were measured 3 mm beneath the globe in each eye using a 7.5-10MHz ultrasonography probe. A binocular change in optic nerve sheath diameter of more than 2.00 mm in two consecutive readings in the same patient was deemed abnormal. The accuracy of ONSD was correlated with the concurrent neurological deterioration in the GCS and the progression of lesions in the CT images.

Results: When compared to CT scan progression, ONSD assessment had 86.7% sensitivity and 89.7% specificity for detecting elevated ICP. The Receiver operating curve (ROC) for the change in ONSD had a high ability to predict progression in ICP with the area under curve (AUC) value of 0.882. The drop in GCS with respect to CT progression of lesions has an AUC value of 0.849. The drop in GCS while compared to progressive lesions in CT images had a positive predictive value of 80% and the negative predictive value of 89.7% respectively.

Conclusions: The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of bedside ONSD ultrasonography in predicting raised intracranial pressure are significant when compared to the progression of lesions in CT images and concurrent drop in GCS. A bedside ONSD measurement is therefore a reliable armamentarium to predict elevated ICP since it is cheap, non-invasive, and repeatable.
Differences in the Levels of Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) and Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke and Electrocautery Produced Smoke in Orthopaedic Surgery at IGNG Ngoerah (Sanglah) Denpasar General Hospital
Authors: Zainuraditya Rizki , Dusak I Wayan Suryanto , Suyasa I Ketut , Wiratnaya I Gede Eka
Published: December 2022

Introduction: In surgeons, electrosurgical surgical devices are gaining attention that stands out as one of the most useful and most widely used instruments. Thus, the instrument of electrical surgery is undoubtedly one of the most useful and most frequently used tools by surgeons. However, not many realize that the use of electrosurgery can produce smoke containing quite harmful gases such as TVOC gases such as benzene, nitrile, hydrocyanides and other hydrocarbons as well as Formaldehyde.

Methods: This study used a Crossectional Observational research design with a control group, namely cigarette smoke, and a cauter smoke treatment group. Samples in the form of TVOC and fromaldehyde levels were taken as a result of all cigarette smoke and cauterized smoke operating at IBS Sanglah Hospital in Denpasar. Then patients from each age level will be randomized using the Online Research Randomizer (randomizer.org) application. Then the levels of TVOC and fromaldehyde are measured in the area of operation, and for cigarette smoke it is carried out using non-filtered cigarettes.

Results: In this study, the cigarette group had an average TVOC of 9,841 mg/m3 and formaldehyde of 1,197 mg/m3. Meanwhile, the average TVOC in the electrocautery group was 6.34 mg/m3with the average formaldehyde contained in this study of 0.87 mg/m3. It was also found in the combined levels of TVOC and formaldehyde in the cigarette group of 5.51 mg/m3which was greater than the electrocauter group of 3.60 mg/m3.

Conclusion: Levels of TVOC and formaldehyde in orthopedic surgical electrocauteric smoke are lower levelsthan cigarette smoke. The combined total level of electrocauteric smoke of TVOC and formaldehyde content in orthopedic surgery is lower than the combined total level of TVOC and formaldehyde content in cigarette smoke.
Decreased IL-6 Levels more than 9,46 pg/ml and TNF-α Levels more than 14,43 pg/ml as Predictors of Functional Outcome of Oxford Knee Score 6 Weeks Post Total Knee Arthroplasty in Kellgren-Lawrence Grade IV Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Maha Putra Agung Gde Duta , Suyasa I Ketut , Karna Made Bramantya
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) occurs when there is a disruption of the dynamic balance between degradation and tissue synthesis. Operative management with Total Knee Artrhoplasty (TKA) is considered a late-stage therapeutic option. One of the reasons for the TKA is to reduce pain and improve knee movement function. However, the research has not extensively covered the impact of these proinflammatory cytokines and mechanical variables that emerge after the surgery and it is still unclear how they relate to post-TKA outcomes. This study aims to further prove the relationship between the magnitude of the decrease in inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-α with the functional output of post-TKA as measured by the Oxford Knee Score.

Methods: This investigation is a retrospective cohort. With a total of 28 patients of grade IV Knee OA based on Kellgren-Lawrence Classification who were candidates for TKA surgery between January 2022 until April 2022. Blood samples were obtained the day before surgery and six weeks thereafter. The Oxford Knee Score (OKS) was used to evaluate the patient’s functional status after surgery. Subjects were divided into two groups depending on whether or not they had reduced IL-6 and TNF-α levels to below the cut-off point by 6 weeks postoperatively, as calculated using ROC analysis. Chi-square tests were used to demonstrate the test's validity, and Pearson correlation test is also performed.

Results: Average difference in TNF-α levels was 20.19 (CI = 8.58564-31.81007), which is statistically significant at the 0.002 level (p 0.05), according to the findings of a paired t-test. When comparing IL-6 levels using a paired t-test, a mean difference of 10.52 (IC = 3.32833-17.70738) was found, which is statistically significant at the 0.002 level (p 0.05). TNF-α levels were considered to have been reduced at a cut off value of 14.43 pg/mL with an AUC of 0.837. As for IL-6, the threshold for a reduced level was 9.46 pg/mL with an AUC of 0.837. OKS was also associated with a 6.0-fold lower relative risk between lowered TNF-α and IL-6 levels.

Conclusion: There is a positive link between OKS and the reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α serum levels that occurs 6 weeks after surgery. Decreased level of serum IL-6 more than 9,56 pg/mL and TNF- α more than 14,43 pg/mL can be used as a predictor of good OKS after 6 weeks post TKA.
The Pattern of Chromosome Aberrations and Molecular Markers in the Population of Hematological Patients Diagnosed at the University Clinical Center Tuzla
Authors: Mešanović Semir , Perić Milan , Vareškić Aneta , Jahić Azra
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Besides cardiovascular, malignant diseases are one of the leading causes of death in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the top of this list are hematological diseases. This research aimed to identify cytogenetic and molecular biomarkers in patients treated for different types of hematological neoplasms. Methods: The retrospective study included 1600 samples of patients with different hematological diseases in the period from January 2006 to May 2022. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to determine the presence of genetic rearrangements and to confirm the findings of conventional cytogenetic analysis. Results: Chromosomal aberrations were found in 739 (46,18%) patients. Using the RT-PCR technique, positive cases were increased by 1,5%. The BCR-ABL fusion gene was present in e14-a2 transcript form in 73% of samples, e13-a2 isoform in 21%, e1-a2 in 2%, while e14-a2/e1-a2 transcript coexpression was present in a percentage of 4% of the samples. The PML-RARa fusion gene was found in the form of bcr 1 transcripts in 21%, bcr2 32% and bcr3 59% of the samples. In twelve cases A type of the CBFB-MYH11 fusion transcript was detected. The MLL-AF4 fusion was found in only one case. Conclusion: The obtained percentages of frequency of individual molecular gene isoforms are in accordance with the results of most other researchers. This refers to the Balkan population and the Caucasian ethnic group.
Effectiveness of Interferential Current for the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Theologou Savvina , Trevlaki Evgenia , Trevlakis Emmanouil
Published: December 2022

Background: The problem of pain in the lumbar region is a big part of physiotherapy, which aims not only to relieve patients from pain but also to restore them to their previous levels of functionality. Various interventions are used for this physiotherapy treatment, one of them is electrotherapy. This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of interferential current (IFC) in pain management in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Methods: A search was conducted in electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, PEDro, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library in Greek and English language, combining keywords of the central axes of the issue such as "chronic low back pain" or "CLBP", "pain relief", "electrotherapy", "interferential current " or "IFC".

Results: Ten RCT studies, which examine the effectiveness of IFC were included in this review. A total of 807 patients were measured. Most studies (n=6) compared IFC with placebo and one of those combined placebo IFC with an exercise program. Three studies compared the different types of IFC and one study IFC with usual caressing.

Conclusion: The results of this review demonstrated that IFC showed a positive effect on reducing pain and improving the functioning of patients with CLBP. This approach presents to be a sufficient intervention method combined or not with other therapies.
Colonic Tuberculosis Mimicking Ascending Colon Neoplasm: A Case Report
Authors: Ayu Widyanti Ni Nyoman , Putra Wayan Wahyu Semara , Yaniswari Ni Made Dwita , Novitasari  , P Kadek Agus Suhardinatha
Published: December 2022

Tuberculosis is still a worldwide public health concern especially in developing countries. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis including abdominal tuberculosis is known as the great mimicker and usually delayed due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. A-30 years old male patient presented to our hospital with 5-months history of persistent lower right-sided abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen suggested malignant mass of ascending colon. Chest x-ray showed suprahilar right lung fibro-infiltrates suggested lung tuberculosis. Colonoscopy was performed which revealed tumor of the hepatica flexure Biopsy was taken from colonoscopy showed non-specific colitis results. Surgery was performed due to suspicious of ascending colon malignancy. Histopathological evaluation of colon biopsy revealed features of caseating granulomas and Langerhans giant cells that consistent with tuberculosis. A diagnosis of colonic tuberculosis was concluded and the patient is treated with anti-tuberculosis drug regimens.
Language Use in the Catholic Church in Cameroon: The Case of the French Service and the Bulu Service in a Parish of Sangmelima
Authors: Kouega Jean-Paul , Alo’o Mathilde Robertson
Published: December 2022

This paper examines language practices in two services offered in the main Catholic Church in the town of Sangmelima in the South region of Cameroon. The research is motivated by the need to find out what languages are used in this church and what the terms “French service” and “Bulu service” imply in the multilingual city of Sangmelima. The informants were the priests, catechists, choir leaders, and some parishioners of this church. Three main instruments were used to collect data in these two church services, i.e., interview, questionnaire and participant observation. The frame adopted for the analysis was Kouega’s structural-functional approach (2008). The findings revealed that the services in this church include 28 parts. In the French service, the languages used to realise these parts were found to be French, Bulu (Sangmelima), Ewondo (Yaounde), Fang (south of Cameroon and north of Equatorial Guinea), Fe’efe’e (Bafang), Ghomala’ (Bafoussam), and Medumba (Bangangte). In the Bulu service, on the other hand, the languages used were: Bulu (Sangmelima), Ewondo (Yaounde), and French. These languages were chosen for a variety of reasons. First, a language like Bulu was chosen because it is understood by the parishioners as it is the main language of the locality. Second, French is the official language of the territory; third, some languages like Fe’efe’e, Ghomala, and Medumba were chosen on the basis of the involvement of the speakers of these ethnic languages in the activities of the church. Fourth, the availability of printed religious materials in a language was an important factor.
Analisis Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dalam Pembatasan Penggunaan Gadget Bagi Anak Usia Dini Ditinjau Dari Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Status Ekonomi Orang Tua Di Desa Taddan Kecamatan Camplong Kabupaten Sampang
Authors: Hasanah Nikmatun , Musayyadah Musayyadah
Published: December 2022

Risiko menggunakan gadget pada anak usia dini tergantung pada bagaimana orang tua mengawasi dan dan membatasi, serta mengarahkan mereka. Orang tua memerlukan pola pengasuhan yang baik dalam menemani anak-anak untuk menggunakan Gadget agar sesuai dengan fungsinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola asuh yang di terapkan oleh masing – masing orang tua dalam membatasi penggunaan gadget bagi anak usia dini .Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dalam sampel orang tua di Desa taddan yang sudah terpilih. Teknik analisis data dengan cara kualitatif deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam membatasi penggunaan gadget tidak tergantung dari bagaimana tingkat pendidikan dan keadaan status ekomoni orang tua.terdapat beberapa pola asuh yang diterapkan yaitu pola asuh permisif, otoriter dan demokratis. Dalam penelitian ini jenis pola asuh yang banyak di terapkan oleh para orang tua baik dari pendidikan rendah ekonomi rendah, orang tua dengan pendidikan tinggi ekonomi rendah, orang tua dengan ekonomi tinggi pendidikan rendah dan orang tua dengan ekonomi tinggi pendidikan tinggi. Yakni pola asuh yang Permisif
Pengembangan Keterampilan Berbahasa Melalui Pendekatan Active Learning Anak Kelompok A TK Bina Kalam Desa Klompang Barat
Authors: Anggraeni Felia Putri
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK: Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) merupakan jenjang pendidikan sebelum jenjang pendidikan dasar yang merupakan suatu upaya pembinaan yang dituju bagi anak sejak lahir hingga usia 6 tahun yang dilakukan dengan pemberian rangsangan pendidikan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jasmani dan rohani agar anak memiliki kesiapan dalam memasuki pendidikan lebih lanjut pada umumnya. Adapun Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu : 1) Untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru dalam pengembangan keterampilan Berbahasa melalui Pendekatan Active Learning anak 2) Untuk mengetahui pengembangan Keterampilan Berbahasa melalui Pendekatan Active Learning anak 3) Untuk mengetahui Faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dalam pengembangna keterampilan Berbahasa Anak Usia Dini. Metode penelitian menggunakan Metode Kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian Deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu Guru di TK Bina Kalam. Data yang diperoleh yaitu dengan cara metode Observasi (Pengamatan), Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan keterampilan Berbahasa Anak Usia Dini yaitu dengan cara guru memberikan Stimulus terlebih dahulu pada anak, guru memiliki peran penting dalam pengembangan keterampilan berbahasa anak yaitu mendidik anak, mengajar, membimbing, melatih, mengarahkan bahkan sambil memotivasi anak untuk meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa pada anak.Kata Kunci: Keterampilan Berbahasa; Pendekatan Active Learning
IMPEMENTASI MEDIA RUBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI TK BINA KALAM
Authors: Taufiq Linda Wati
Published: December 2022

Pendidikan anak usia dini adalah pendidikan anak yang di selenggarakan sebelum jenjang pendidikan dasar yang dapat di selenggarakan melalui jalur pendidikan formal, non formal maupun informal. Dimana anak pendidikan usia dini yang di mulai dari usia 0-6 tahun yang dilakukan dengan pemberian stimulus atau rangsaangan pendidikan agar membantu pertunbuhan dan perkembangannya bagaimanakan dampak  implementasi media rubar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan  kognitif pada anak kelompok B di TK Bina Kalam. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian peserta didik kelompok B di TK Bina Kalam sebanyak 12 siswa adapun tujuan penetilian ini adalah untuk membantu daya imajinasi dan pengetahuan di TK Bina Kalam. Implementasi media rubar melalui kegiatan menjari jejak, mengelompokkan dan berhitung menggunakn simbol. Adapun dampak dari media rubar dapat memberikan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan bagi anak.Serta dapat merangsang dan menstimulus terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak.