bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Tingkat Kognitif Soal Buku Matematika Kelas VII Materi Garis dan Sudut Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom
Authors: Sari Rezki Ainun , Susanta Agus , Hanifah Hanifah
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran tingkat kognitif dari soal pada Buku Teks Matematika Kelas VII Semester 2 Terbitan Erlangga Materi Garis dan Sudut Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom Revisi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Soal- Soal dalam Buku Matematika kelas VII Semester II kurikulum 2013 revisi 2016 penerbit Erlangga pada materi garis dan sudut. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar klasifikasi dan lembar kesesuaian tingkat kognitif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa soal-soal latihan pada materi garis dan sudut memiliki tingkat kognitif memahami (C2) sebesar 43,58%  , mengaplikasikan (C3) sebesar 51,95%, menganalisis (C4) sebesar 3,91%,  mengevaluasi (C5) sebesar 0,56%, dan tidak memuat tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1) dan mencipta (C6). Pada soal-soal uji kompetensi materi garis dan sudut memiliki tingkat kognitif memahami (C2) sebesar 10%, mengaplikasikan (C3) sebesar 73,5%, menganalisis (C4) sebesar 16,5%, dan tidak memuat tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1), mengevaluasi (C5), dan mencipta (C6).

Kata Kunci: Soal, Buku Teks Matematika, Tingkat Kognitif, Taksonomi Bloom Revisi.
Жаҳон иқтисодиётининг глобаллашув шароитида халқаро мeҳмонхоналар тизимининг ривожланиши
Authors: Астанакулов Олим , Сохибова Муслимахон
Published: March 2022

Мазкур мақола глобаллашув шароитида халқаро меҳмонхоналар тизимининг ривожланиши ва уларнинг бугунги кундаги аҳамиятига бағишланган. Миллий меҳмонхоналар бозоридаги рақобатбардошлигини ошириш учун халқаро меҳмонхоналар тизимини йўлга қўйиш масаласи ҳам кўриб чиқилган. Чет эллик турист танловини ўзи учун таниш тизимга қаратади, шу сабабли бундай тизимларни жалб қилиш мамлакатда туристик жозибадорликни оширишга хизмат қилиши мумкин. Мазкур тизимнинг бугунги кундаги кўлами ҳам таҳлил қилинган. Бундан ташқари, мамлакатимизда туризм соҳасини ривожлантиришда халқаро меҳмонхоналар тизимининг аҳамияти ва уни республикада жорий қилишга бағишланган илмий тавсиялар келтириб ўтилган.
Жиноят процессида терговчининг процессуал мустақиллигини таъминлаш масалалари
Authors: Элмурзаев Билолиддин , Мавланов Камолиддин
Published: March 2022

Мазкур мақолада жиноят ишлари юритувида муҳим аҳамиятга эга бўлган жиноят процесси иштирокчиси сифатида терговчининг ҳуқуқий мақоми, унинг жиноят иши бўйича дастлабки терговни олиб боришдаги ўрни, ҳуқуқлари ҳамда мажбуриятлари таҳлил қилинган. Бундан ташқари, исботлаш мажбурияти юклатилган мансабдор шахс сифатида терговчининг ваколатлари, унинг ўз ваколатларини амалга оширишда идоравий, прокурор ва суд назоратининг таъсири ҳам ўрганилган. Мақолада миллий жиноят-процессуал қонунчилигимизнинг тегишли масала бўйича амалдаги ҳолати, ривожланган хорижий мамлакатлар тажрибаси қиёсий таҳлил қилинган ҳолда ўрганилган.
POLIETILENO DE BAIXA DENSIDADE (PEBD): ANÁLISE DAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNCIAS DO CONCRETO COM SUBSTITUIÇÃO PARCIAL DO AGREGADO MIÚDO
Authors: Esmeraldo Mariano Tábata , Ribeiro Anna Julia Henrique , Dowglas de Gois Silva Michael , Batista Ferreira Junior Milton
Published: March 2022

O desenvolvimento dos polímeros revolucionou o modo de vida da sociedade moderna se fazendo presente em todas as áreas. Considerando que o plástico é um polímero com diversas aplicações nas Engenharias com propriedades físicas e químicas amplamente conhecidas, sua reutilização e reciclagem se faz necessário tendo em vista a importância de se pensar numa engenharia mais sustentável. Na construção civil, com vistas também na diminuição dos efeitos ocasionados pela poluição do plástico, pesquisas têm buscado caminhos para reutilizá-lo na matriz cimentícia através da utilização do Polietileno de Baixa Densidade (PEBD) como substituição parcial do agregado miúdo no concreto. Tendo isso em mente, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi substituir agregado miúdo por grãos de PEBD em um traço de referência e analisar as mudanças nas propriedades mecânicas ocasionadas por diferentes teores de substituição. Os resultados apontam que à medida que se aumenta a substituição há um aumento no abatimento do concreto, queda na resistência a compressão e absorção de água por capilaridade e, aumento na resistência à tração para uma substituição de 5% de PEBD pelo agregado miúdo. Embora tenha havido uma perda nas propriedades mecânicas há possibilidade de tentar melhorá-las com o uso de plastificantes, visto que o tipo de substituição aqui proposto faz com que o concreto se torne mais leve, o que torna o material interessante na construção civil.
THE DEPTH OF THE GAPS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION IN THE ARAB-PALESTINE COMMUNITY AND THE ROLE OF THE ADMINISTRATION IN REDUCING THE GAPS IN LIGHT OF THE CORONA PANDEMIC
Authors: ALHEEB Ola Huseein
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to identify the extent of the gaps in the field of education in the Arab-Israeli community, and the role of the administration in reducing them in light of the Corona pandemic, and to achieve the goal of the study, the descriptive analytical approach was used, by developing a tool to measure the extent of the depth of the educational gap, and the role of school administration in reducing Of the gaps in the field of education in Israel. The study sample included (435) teachers and principals in the Northern District inside Israel. The results of the study showed that the extent of the gaps in the field of education was of a moderate degree, and the results showed that there is a significant role of school administration in reducing educational gaps, and the results also showed The depth of the gaps was higher for males than for females, as it was found from the results that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (  = 0.05) of the extent of the gaps in the field of education in the Arab-Israeli community, and the role of the administration in reducing them in light of the Corona pandemic, according to the variables: years of experience and job title. The study recommended a set of recommendations to reduce educational gaps.
CERASUS TIANSCHANICA POLJAK. ӨСІМДІГІ ЖЕМІС СЫҒЫНДЫСЫНЫҢ АҚ ЕГЕУҚҰЙРЫҚТАР ҚАНЫНЫҢ БИОХИМИЯЛЫҚ КӨРСЕТКІШТЕРІНЕ ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Ә. Ыдырыс  , С. Сырайыл  , А. Сейілхан  , А. Нурдан
Published: March 2022

Мақалада Cerasus Tianschanica өсімдігінің жеміс сығындысының ақ егеуқұйрықтар қанының гематологиялық көрсеткіштеріне әсерін анықтау жұмыстары талқыланды. Өсімдік материалы ретінде Тянь-шань шиесі (Cerasus Tianschanica) 2020 жылы сәуір айында Cerasus Tianschanica өciмдiк жемісі Aлмaты облысынан Сөгеті тауынан жинaп aлынды. Зерттеуге 8 айлық, тұқымы белгісіз, орташа салмағы 180–250 г болатын зертханалық 30 ақ егеуқұйрықтар пайдаланылды, олар жалпы 5 тәжірбиелік топқа бөлінді. 1-топ бақылау тобы ретінде қарапайым жеммен тамақтандырылды, 2-топ майлы азықпен, 3-топ майлы азықтыққа Cerasus Tianschanica өсімдігінің жемісінің сығындысы қосылған затпен, 4-топ спиртпен, 5-топ спирт және Cerasus Tianschanica Poljak. өсімдігінің жемісінің сығындысы қосылған азықтықпен қоректендірілді. Зерттеу жұмысы зертханада қан көрсеткіштерін анықтау әдістері арқылы жүргізілді. Зерттеу жұмысынан алынған нәтижелерге сүйене отырып токсин және маймен азықтандырғаннан кейінгі ақ егеуқұйрықтар қанының биохимиялық көрсеткіштеріндегі холестерин, глюкоза, қан белоктарының жоғарылауы гиперлипидемия және қан диабеті ауруларына себепші болды. Қанда глюкоза концентрациясының жоғарылауы тәжірибелік топтарда ұйқы безі қызметінің нашарлауынан, соның салдарынан глюкозаның тіндік жасушаларға енуін қамтамасыз ететін инсулин қызметінің бұзылуы әсерінен жүзеге асады. Cerasus Tianschanica дәрілік өсімдігінің жемісі қанның биохимиялық көрсеткіштеріне оң әсер етіп, бауыр, бүйрек және гиперлипидемия сияқты аурулардың дамуына тосқауыл болады. Бұл өсімдікті болашақта өңдеу арқылы дәрілік препарат ретінде ұсынуға болады.
Occupational Therapy in an Ecological Context: Ethics and Practice
Authors: Lieb Lisa C.
Published: March 2022

Unsustainable lifestyles contribute to global greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The growing recognition of this negative impact on the earth’s ecosystems and human health and well-being compels occupational therapy practitioners to address environmental sustainability issues. Western contextual factors present obstacles to the adoption of ecologically beneficial practices in occupational therapy. Resolving these ethical challenges through the use of multiple epistemologies may yield novel solutions and usher in the adoption of ecologically sustainable occupational therapy in the United States. In this column, I explore some of the contextual factors that influence occupational therapy theory and practice as they relate to ecological sustainability. I also briefly discuss some non-Western cultural perspectives, challenges to integrating ecological ethics into occupational therapy practice in the United States, and ways individual occupational therapy practitioners and state and national organizations can begin to address this issue.
A Hierarchical Multi-Authority Access Control Scheme for Secure and Efficient Data Sharing in Cloud Storage
Authors: Athanere Smita , Thakur Ramesh
Published: March 2022

Enterprises choose to keep their data on the cloud to allow for flexible and efficient data exchange among their authorized staff when dealing with huge data. However, during the sharing of sensitive data, data security and users privacy has become major challenges. Most of the existing studies have several limitations, including weak model security, single point of failure, and lack of efficiency during user revocation. This article proposes cloud storage based Hierarchical Multi-authority Access Control Scheme (HMA-ACS) for secure and efficient data sharing. Through theoretical analysis, this article proves that the proposed mechanism efficiently performs cryptographic key operations and secured plus adaptive in the standard model while supporting the access policies. Furthermore, the proposed approach evaluated and compared recent state-of-art schemes in terms of storage overhead, computation overhead, average encryption, and decryption performance. Experimental results analysis shows that the proposed solution is resistant to many types of security threats and ensures data privacy when sharing data in the cloud.
Cultural Intelligence in the Study of Intelligence
Authors: Alcorn Brian , Eisenfeld Beth
Published: March 2022

Intelligence officers often interact in culturally diverse settings different from the settings in which they grew up. Yet, there is a lack of academic research about the integration of culture and the study of intelligence. Researchers have made Cultural Intelligence (CQ) measurable via the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) and successfully applied it in the business world as a predictor of success in multi-cultural environments. This article describes an application of the CQS, using the Observer Report questionnaire to assess the memoirs of three successful intelligence officers to ascertain the degree that CQ applies to the success of officers in United States Intelligence Community (USIC) in multicultural environments. The study results indicated each intelligence officer possessed a high degree of cultural intelligence that assisted in the course of their duties and the CQS is a good assessment tool to measure cultural intelligence.

Keywords: Cultural intelligence, Cultural Intelligence Scale, CQS, Cultural Intelligence Quotient
Peran Guru dalam Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Kedisiplinan pada Anak Kelompok B di TK Ceria Anawai Konawe Utara di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sarnawati Sarnawati , Abubakar Abubakar , Amaludin Roni
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peran guru dalam menanamkan  nilai-nilai  kedisiplinan pada anak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian bersifat deskriptif kualitatif Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan empat tahap yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan peran guru dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai kedisiplinan pada anak, yaitu: a) metode keteladanan, guru selalu memberikan keteladanan memulai dari diri sendiri, b) metode pembiasaan dengan membiasakan menjaga jarak, mencuci tangan setelah melakukan kegiatan, memakai masker, kegiatan baris-berbaris di lapangan sekolah pada pagi hari, dan menjawab salam, c) metode didaktif (cerita) yaitu menceritakan kisah-kisah tentang Nabi atau dongeng, d) metode pemberian nasehat, guru selalu menasehati anak dengan menggunakan kata-kata yang lemah lembut dan memberikan arahan-arahan yang baik kepada anak, e) metode berdialog dengan membentuk komunikasi dengan anak, dan guru menggunakan metode demonstrasi dengan menggunakan media gambar, f) metode pemberian hukuman yakni  guru harus mempunyai ketegasan, namun tegas bukan berarti berlaku kasar, tetapi tegas dalam membuat anak sadar atau jera terhadap pelanggaran yang ia lakukan.
Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Ilmu Eksakta Pada Pondok Pesantren Fajrussalam Bogor
Authors: Satiawati Listiana , Dalimunthe Yusraida Khairani , Hafiz Surya Darma , Hakim Darmasetiawan , Abdurrosyid Sulthon , Sugiarti Lisa
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) adalah sebagai kewajiban kepada kami sebagai dosen dalam Tridarma Perguruan Tinggi. Kami mendapatkan data yang kami lakukan pada tanggal 10 Januari 2018 pada murid setingkat SLTP di pesantren ini pada umumnya kurang mengenal tentang pendidikan setelah lulus nanti. Pelaksaaan pendidikan di Pondok Pesantren Fajrussalam dalam bidang agama sudah bagus tetapi kami menemukan bahwa pendidikan ilmu eksakta banyak kekurangannya. Tujuan pelaksanaan PkM kami adalah memberikan peningkatan pengajaran ilmu eksakta yang berupa saran, pelatihan dan sumbangan. Dalam pelaksanaan PkM ini ada beberapa cara yang kami lakukan saran untuk kurikulum kami yaitu kami memberikan contoh kurikulum; pelatihan ilmu eksakta untuk para pengajar mata pelajaran eksakta dan ceramah tentang ilmu eksakta dan hubungannya dengan pendidikan tinggi serta sumbangan bahan ajar. Pelaksanaan PkM ini merupakan lanjutan yang telah kami lakukan selama beberapa kali di Pesantern ini. Pada pelaksaan PkM sebelumnya kami sudah menyarankan perubahan kurikulum yang berupa penambahan jam pelajaran matematika dan IPA dalam satu minggu, memberikan  sumbangan infocus, powerpoint dan buku-buku, pelatihan matematika kepada para pengajar mata pelajaran matematika. Tetapi untuk pelaksanaan PkM tahun akademik 2020/2021 karena adanya pandemi covid 19 maka pelaksanaan kami dilakukan secara luring dan daring. Materinya untuk kurikulum berupa contoh kurikulum dari pesantren lain yang kami anggap lebih berhasil, pencerahan untuk para murid tentang pendidikan tinggi oleh mahasiswa kami dari Teknik Perminyakan yang alumni dari pondok pesantren lain dan sumbangan buku Rangkuman IPA untuk SLTP kelas 7-9. Kesimpulannya kami telah melaksanakan PkM tahun akademik 2002/2021 ini meskipun dengan cara yang sederhana.
Pelatihan Public Speaking Untuk Meningkatkan Percaya Diri Kepada Anak-Anak Yayasan Panti Asuhan Sakinah Depok Jawa Barat
Authors: Saeni Eni , Cindrakasih RR Roosita , Wulan Muhariani  , Herman Herman , Anggito Priyo Lulut , Safira Dina
Published: March 2022

Berbicara di depan khalayak atau public speaking merupakan keterampilan yang seharusnya dimiliki oleh semua orang, termasuk anak-anak. Public speaking tidak dapat dihindari karena pada dasarnya manusia selalu melakukan komunikasi bahkan seringkali harus dilakukan di hadapan sejumlah orang dengan berbagai tujuan.  Namun, banyak orang menghindari public speaking meskipun hanya untuk mengungkapkan pendapat pribadi. Namun, banyak anak merasa kurang bahkan tidak mampu berbicara di depan umum karena kurang percaya diri, tidak menguasai materi, atau tidak paham bagaimana melakukannya.  Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini berjudul Pelatihan public speaking untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri kepada anak- anak Yayasan Panti Asuhan Sakinah Depok, Jawa Barat. Tujuan umum dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah memberikan pelatihan dan pengetahuan secara praktis tentang public speaking kepada para siswa yang tinggal di Yayasan Yatim Piatu Sakinah Depok. Pelatihan ini juga untuk mengembangkan kompetensi andragogik antara para pembina dalam hal cara berkomunikasi kepada anak- anak penghuni yayasan panti asuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penyampaian materi secara langsung, simulasi dan diskusi interaktif mengenai dasar public speaking, teknik berkomunikasi yang efektif dan baik, dan berbagai tips untuk mengembangkan diri terutama dalam hal public speaking. Selama pelatihan, peserta mendapatkan materi dasar dan teknik public speaking serta praktik langsung. Pelaksanaan dimulai dari tahap observasi awal, orientasi, pengenalan materi, praktek, dan diakhiri dengan evaluasi. Sedangkan untuk penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan paradigma deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian dari kegiatan ini, pengabdi merekomendasikan sebagai berikut: 1) Harus ada pelatihan terus menerus yang didampingi ahlinya, misal bekerja sama dengan lembaga public speaking atau universitas, 2) Harus ada pelatihan tambahan untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri.
Optimalisasi Pemasaran Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Makanan Dengan Pemanfaatan Whatsapp
Authors: Syarif  , Birgantoro Bakti Abu , Hermawan Agus , Gani Mohammad Anwar , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Maddinsyah Ali
Published: March 2022

This Community Service is entitled Optimizing the Marketing of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises / MSMEs (UMKM in Bahasa Indonesia) for Food by Utilizing Whatsapp Business on UMKM Jabar Juara Depok. The general purpose of this community service activity is to provide counseling, assistance, and training regarding marketing strategies for food MSME products that are effective and applicable to be implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in the Community Assistance activity this time is the interview method, mentoring, and training on the use of WhatsApp business social media technology as a means of marketing food MSME products. The result of this community service activity shows that information sharing and technology transfer, as well as the participation of the government, the world of education, and other stakeholders in efforts to assist and develop MSMEs, are highly expected by MSME business actors in the field level. The conclusion of this community service activity in the difficult conditions such covid 19 pandemic, there are still concrete strategies that can be carried out by Food MSME business actors in order to optimize the marketing and sales of their products, including the use of the WhatsApp business application
Process Accuracy vs Process Uncertainty (Risk Mitigation: Calibration and the Customer’s Process)
Authors: Sims Jeremy
Published: March 2022

The requirements for the process accuracy may be dictated by the requirements of the expected output of the process or product. The ratio between the process accuracy (i.e., the acceptance limits of the manufacturing process, or it could be the product itself) and the instrument accuracy (i.e., the equipment used to measure the process) is the Process Accuracy Ratio (PAR). Just as a calibration standard’s accuracy is an incomplete representation of a calibration process, the sole use of accuracies of the manufacturing measurement process may omit large errors that could change the outcome of the measurement or test. The measuring process can be impacted by many factors. We will define the inclusion of possible sources of error as uncertainty components of the process and thus more exactly define the ratio as the Process Uncertainty Ratio (PUR).Calibration laboratories have the same need to determine the uncertainties of their measurement processes. An important part of metrological traceability is uncertainty and a good measurement assurance program. We have to build an uncertainty budget for the measurement process whether it relates to calibration of instruments or the use of instruments to measure a manufacturing process or the end product. Metrology laboratories that are accredited to ISO17025 are required to calculate the uncertainties of their calibration processes. In a similar manner, you can demonstrate that all the possible components of error are accounted for when determining the process uncertainty. Questions that should be asked: What possible components of error will affect my output or product (time, atmospheric conditions, uncertainty of the calibration performed on the instrument I am using, proper use of the instrument upon which pass/fail decisions are being made, et.al.)? What is the potential risk involved if the process isn’t evaluated for potential components of error? We may find that the accuracy of the instrument used to measure the process may not be the biggest contributor of error in the process. Once we determine the potential errors, we can begin to eliminate as much of that error as possible through statistical process control (SPC) or other means. As the customer of calibration services, it is your responsibility to ensure the calibration received supports your process requirements and that you take into account all sources of error when using instruments to make decisions about your manufacturing processes or concerning your product’s quality.
Évaluation, zonage et modélisation des aléas volcaniques
Authors: THOURET Jean-Claude , CHARBONNIER Sylvain
Published: March 2022

Établir le degré d'exposition des zones soumises aux impacts directs ou indirects de l'activité volcanique est une discipline très spécialisée qui a beaucoup évolué au cours des dernières décennies. Les approches naturalistes ont été enrichies par des données quantitatives dérivées de mesures sur le terrain et de modélisations analogiques et numériques de différents phénomènes. Ce chapitre fait le point sur les principales approches actuelles de l'évaluation des aléas.
OH-initiated atmospheric degradation of hydroxyalkyl hydroperoxides: mechanism, kinetics, and structure–activity relationship
Authors: Chen Long , Huang Yu , Xue Yonggang , Jia Zhihui , Wang Wenliang
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Hydroxyalkyl hydroperoxides (HHPs), formed in the reactions of Criegee
intermediates (CIs) with water vapor, play essential roles in the formation
of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) under atmospheric conditions. However,
the transformation mechanisms for the OH-initiated oxidation of HHPs remain
incompletely understood. Herein, the quantum chemical and kinetics modeling
methods are applied to explore the mechanisms of the OH-initiated oxidation
of the distinct HHPs (HOCH2OOH, HOCH(CH3)OOH, and
HOC(CH3)2OOH) formed from the reactions of CH2OO,
anti-CH3CHOO, and
(CH3)2COO with water vapor. The calculations
show that the dominant pathway is H-abstraction from the -OOH group in the
initiation reactions of the OH radical with HOCH2OOH and
HOC(CH3)2OOH. H-abstraction from the -CH group is competitive with
that from the -OOH group in the reaction of the OH radical with
HOCH(CH3)OOH. The barrier of H-abstraction from the -OOH group slightly
increases when the number of methyl groups increase. In pristine
environments, the self-reaction of the RO2 radical initially produces a
tetroxide intermediate via oxygen-to-oxygen coupling, and then it decomposes
into propagation and termination products through asymmetric two-step O–O
bond scission, in which the rate-limiting step is the first O–O bond
cleavage. The barrier height of the reactions of distinct RO2 radicals
with the HO2 radical is not affected by the number of methyl substitutions.
In urban environments, the reaction with O2 to form formic acid and the
HO2 radical is the dominant removal pathway for the HOCH2O radical
formed from the reaction of the HOCH2OO radical with NO. The β-site
C–C bond scission is the dominant pathway in the dissociation of the
HOCH(CH3)O and HOC(CH3)2O radicals formed from the reactions
of NO with HOCH(CH3)OO and HOC(CH3)2OO radicals. These new
findings deepen our understanding of the photochemical oxidation of
hydroperoxides under realistic atmospheric conditions.
Atmospheric precipitable water vapor and its correlation with clear-sky infrared temperature observations
Authors: Kelsey Vicki , Riley Spencer , Minschwaner Kenneth
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is the vertically integrated amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, and it is a valuable predictor for weather forecasting. Currently, the use of sophisticated instrumentation can limit the number of PWV measurement sites, which affects the accuracy of forecast models in regards to storm formation, strength, and the potential for precipitation. We have analyzed relationships between PWV and zenith sky temperature measurements for the dry climate zone found in the North American Desert Southwest, specifically over Socorro, New Mexico (34∘ N, 107∘ W). Daily measurements of the ground and zenith sky temperatures have been made at Socorro for two complete annual cycles using low-cost infrared thermal sensors. Radiosonde measurements of PWV from National Weather Service stations located in nearby Albuquerque and Santa Teresa, New Mexico, are input into our dataset and analyzed via a newly developed computational tool. Our results show that an exponential relationship between PWV and zenith sky temperature holds for the Desert Southwest, but with parameters that are different than those obtained previously over the more moist climate zone of the North American Gulf Coast. Model simulations can accurately reproduce the observed relationship between PWV and temperature, and the results suggest that half of the signal in temperature is directly related to changes in opacity due to changes in PWV, while the other half is due to changes in air temperature that usually accompany changes in PWV.
Impact of 3D cloud structures on the atmospheric trace gas products from UV–Vis sounders – Part 1: Synthetic dataset for validation of trace gas retrieval algorithms
Authors: Emde Claudia , Yu Huan , Kylling Arve , van Roozendael Michel , Stebel Kerstin , Veihelmann Ben , Mayer Bernhard
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Retrievals of trace gas concentrations from satellite observations are mostly performed for clear regions or regions with low
cloud coverage. However, even fully clear pixels can be affected by
clouds in the vicinity, either by shadowing or by scattering of
radiation from clouds in the clear region. Quantifying the error of
retrieved trace gas concentrations due to cloud scattering is a
difficult task. One possibility is to generate synthetic data by
three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer simulations using
realistic 3D atmospheric input data, including 3D cloud
structures. Retrieval algorithms may be applied on the synthetic
data, and comparison to the known input trace gas concentrations
yields the retrieval error due to cloud scattering. In this paper we present a comprehensive synthetic dataset which has
been generated using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer model
MYSTIC (Monte Carlo code for the phYSically
correct Tracing of photons In Cloudy atmospheres). The dataset includes simulated spectra in two spectral ranges (400–500 nm and the O2A-band from 755–775 nm). Moreover
it includes layer air mass factors (layer-AMFs) calculated at
460 nm. All simulations are performed for a fixed background
atmosphere for various sun positions, viewing directions and surface
albedos. Two cloud setups are considered: the first includes simple
box clouds with various geometrical and optical thicknesses. This
can be used to systematically investigate the sensitivity of the
retrieval error on solar zenith angle, surface albedo and cloud
parameters. Corresponding 1D simulations are also provided. The
second includes realistic three-dimensional clouds from an ICON
large eddy simulation (LES) for a region covering Germany and parts
of surrounding countries. The scene includes cloud types typical of
central Europe such as shallow cumulus, convective cloud cells,
cirrus and stratocumulus. This large dataset can be used to
quantify the trace gas concentration retrieval error statistically. Along with the dataset, the impact of horizontal photon transport on
reflectance spectra and layer-AMFs is analysed for the box-cloud
scenarios. Moreover, the impact of 3D cloud scattering on the NO2
vertical column density (VCD) retrieval is presented for a specific
LES case. We find that the retrieval error is largest in cloud
shadow regions, where the NO2 VCD is underestimated by more than
20 %. The dataset is available for the scientific community to assess the
behaviour of trace gas retrieval algorithms and cloud correction
schemes in cloud conditions with 3D structure.
Hybrid modeling on 3D hydraulic features of a step-pool unit
Authors: Zhang Chendi , Xu Yuncheng , Hassan Marwan A. , Xu Mengzhen , He Pukang
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Step-pool systems are common bedforms in mountain streams and have been utilized in river restoration projects around the world. Step-pool units exhibit highly non-uniform hydraulic characteristics which have been reported to closely interact with the morphological evolution and stability of step-pool features. However, detailed information of the three-dimensional hydraulics for step-pool morphology has been scarce due to the difficulty of measurement. To fill in this knowledge gap, we established a hybrid model based on the technologies of Structure from Motion (SfM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model used 3D reconstructions of bed surfaces with an artificial step-pool unit built by natural stones at six flow rates as inputs for CFD simulations. The hybrid model succeeded in providing high-resolution visualization of 3D flow structures for the step-pool unit. The results illustrate the segmentation of flow regimes below the step, i.e., the integral jump at the water surface, streaky wake vortexes near the bed, and high-speed jets in between. The highly non-uniform distribution of turbulence energy in the pool has been revealed and two energy dissipaters with comparable capacity are found to co-exist in the pool. Pool scour development under flow increase leads to the expansion of the jump and wake vortexes but this increase stops for the jump at high flows close to the critical condition for step-pool failure. The micro-bedforms as grain clusters developed on the negative slope affect the local hydraulics significantly but this influence is suppressed at pool bottom. The drag forces on the step stones increase with discharge before the highest flow is used while the lift force has a larger magnitude and wider varying range. Our results highlight the feasibility and great potential of the hybrid model approach combining physical and numerical modeling in investigating the complex flow characteristics of step-pool morphology.
The effects of ocean surface waves on global intraseasonal prediction: case studies with a coupled CFSv2.0–WW3 system
Authors: Shi Ruizi , Xu Fanghua , Liu Li , Fan Zheng , Yu Hao , Li Hong , Li Xiang , Zhang Yunfei
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This article describes the implementation of a coupling
between a global forecast model (CFSv2.0) and a wave model (WW3) and
investigates the effects of ocean surface waves on the air–sea interface in
the new framework. Several major wave-related processes, including the
Langmuir mixing, the Stokes–Coriolis force with entrainment, air–sea fluxes
modified by the Stokes drift, and momentum roughness length, are evaluated in
two groups of 56 d experiments, one for boreal winter and the other for
boreal summer. Comparisons are made against in situ buoys, satellite
measurements, and reanalysis data to evaluate the influence of waves on
intraseasonal prediction of sea surface temperature (SST), 2 m air
temperature (T02), mixed layer depth (MLD), 10 m wind speed (WSP10), and
significant wave height (SWH). The wave-coupled experiments show that
overestimated SSTs and T02s, as well as underestimated MLDs at mid-to-high
latitudes in summer from original CFSv2.0, are significantly improved due to
enhanced vertical mixing generated by the Stokes drift. For WSP10s and SWHs,
the wave-related processes generally reduce biases in regions where WSP10s
and SWHs are overestimated. On the one hand, the decreased SSTs stabilize the
marine atmospheric boundary layer and weaken WSP10s and then SWHs. On the other
hand, the increased roughness length due to waves reduces the originally
overestimated WSP10s and SWHs. In addition, the effects of the Stokes drift
and current on air–sea fluxes also rectify WSP10s and SWHs. These cases are
helpful for the future development of the two-way CFSv2.0–wave coupled
system.
Contrasting changes in hydrological processes of the Volta River basin under global warming
Authors: Dembélé Moctar , Vrac Mathieu , Ceperley Natalie , Zwart Sander J. , Larsen Josh , Dadson Simon J. , Mariéthoz Grégoire , Schaefli Bettina
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of climate change on water resources of the West Africa Volta River basin is conducted
in this study, as the region is expected to be hardest hit by global
warming. A large ensemble of 12 general circulation models (GCMs) from the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that are dynamically downscaled by five regional climate models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional-climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)-Africa is used. In total, 43 RCM–GCM combinations are considered under three representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5). The reliability of each of the climate datasets is first evaluated with satellite and reanalysis reference datasets. Subsequently, the Rank Resampling for Distributions and Dependences (R2D2) multivariate bias correction method is applied to the climate datasets. The bias-corrected climate projections are then used as input to the mesoscale Hydrologic Model (mHM) for hydrological projections over the 21st century (1991–2100). Results reveal contrasting dynamics in the seasonality of rainfall, depending on the selected greenhouse gas emission scenarios and the future projection periods. Although air temperature and potential evaporation increase under all RCPs, an increase in the magnitude of all hydrological variables (actual evaporation, total runoff, groundwater recharge, soil moisture, and terrestrial water storage) is only projected under RCP8.5. High- and low-flow analysis suggests an increased flood risk under RCP8.5, particularly in the Black Volta, while hydrological droughts would be recurrent under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, particularly in the White Volta. The evolutions of streamflow indicate a future delay in the date of occurrence of low flows up to 11 d under RCP8.5, while high flows could occur 6 d earlier (RCP2.6) or 5 d later (RCP8.5), as compared to the historical period. Disparities are observed in the spatial patterns of hydroclimatic variables
across climatic zones, with higher warming in the Sahelian zone. Therefore,
climate change would have severe implications for future water availability
with concerns for rain-fed agriculture, thereby weakening the water–energy–food security nexus and amplifying the vulnerability of the
local population. The variability between climate models highlights uncertainties in the projections and indicates a need to better represent
complex climate features in regional models. These findings could serve as a guideline for both the scientific community to improve climate change
projections and for decision-makers to elaborate adaptation and mitigation
strategies to cope with the consequences of climate change and strengthen
regional socioeconomic development.
Human influence on growing-period frosts like the early April 2021 in Central France
Authors: Vautard Robert , van Oldenborgh Geert Jan , Bonnet Rémy , Li Sihan , Robin Yoann , Kew Sarah , Philip Sjoukje , Soubeyroux Jean-Michel , Dubuisson Brigitte , Viovy Nicolas , Reichstein Markus , Otto Friederike , Garcia de Cortazar-Atauri Iñaki
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In early April 2021 several days of harsh frost affected central Europe. This led to very severe damages in grapevine and fruit trees in France, in regions where young leaves had already unfolded due to unusually warm temperatures in the preceding month (march 2021. We analysed with observations and 172 climate model simulations how human-induced climate change affected this event over central France, where many vineyards are located. We found that, without human-caused climate change, such temperatures in April or later in spring would have been even lower by 1.2 °C [0.75 °C;1.7 °C]. However, climate change also caused an earlier occurrence of bud burst, that we characterized in this study by a growing-degree-day index value. This shift leaves young leaves exposed to more winter-like conditions with lower minimum temperatures and longer nights, an effect that over-compensates the warming effect. Extreme cold temperatures occurring after the start of the growing season such as those of April 2021 are now 2 °C colder [0.5 °C to 3.3 °C] than in pre-industrial conditions, according to observations. This observed intensification of growing-period frosts is attributable, at least in part, to human-caused climate change with each of 5 climate model ensembles used here simulating a cooling of growing-period annual temperature minima of 0.41 °C [0.22 °C to 0.60 °C] since pre-industrial conditions. The 2021 growing-period frost event has become 50 % more likely [10 %–110 %]. Models accurately simulate the observed warming in extreme lowest spring temperatures, but underestimate the observed trends in growing-period frost intensities, a fact that remains yet to be explained. Model ensembles all simulate a further intensification of yearly minimum temperatures occurring in the growing period for future decades, and a significant probability increase for such events of about 30 % [20 %–40 %] in a climate with global warming of 2 °C.
Nearshore Tsunami amplitudes across the Maldives archipelago due to worst case seismic scenarios in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Rasheed Shuaib , Warder Simon C. , Plancherel Yves , Piggott Matthew D.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The Maldives face the threat of tsunamis from a multitude of sources. However, the limited availability of critical data, such as bathymetry (a recurrent problem for many island nations), has meant that the impact of these threats has not been studied at an island scale. Studies of tsunami propagation at the island scale but across multiple Atolls is also a challenging task due to the large domain and high resolution required for modelling. Here we use a high resolution bathymetry dataset of the Maldives archipelago, and corresponding high numerical model resolution, to carry out a scenario-based tsunami hazard assessment for the entire Maldives archipelago to investigate the potential impact of plausible far-field tsunamis across the Indian Ocean at the island scale. The results indicate that the bathymetry of the Atolls, which are characterized by very steep boundaries offshore, is extremely efficient in absorbing and redirecting incoming tsunami waves. Results also highlight the importance that local effects have in modulating tsunami amplitude nearshore, including the location of the Atoll in question, the location of a given island within the Atoll, and the distance of that island to the reef, as well as a variety of other factors. We also find that the refraction and diffraction of tsunami waves within individual Atolls contribute to the maximum tsunami amplitude patterns observed across the islands in the Atolls. The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of tsunamis across complex Atoll systems, and will help decision and policy makers in the Maldives asses the potential impact of tsunamis across individual islands. An online tool is provided which presents users with a simple interface allowing the wider community to browse the simulation results presented here and assess the potential impact of tsunamis at the local scale.
Contributors
Authors: Nara Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

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Learning to Lead
Authors: Lee Kiri
Published: March 2022

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ANÁLISE DOS ELEMENTOS DA PAISAGEM NATURAL E ANTRÓPICA PELOS IDOSOS NO PARQUE SABURO ONOYAMA – BRASÍLIA/DF
Authors: Manoel de Jesus Fabrício
Published: March 2022

O tema principal deste estudo é a análise dos elementos da paisagem natural e antrópica avaliados pelos idosos frequentadores do Parque Ecológico Saburo Onoyama com o objetivo de compreender suas percepções em nas dimensões de conflito e estética. O enfoque teórico norteador é o conceito de paisagem como fruto da interação dos componentes naturais e antrópicos por meio do tempo. O método utilizado para a análise da qualidade visual da paisagem foi baseado no método de Bobrowski, Biondi e Vashchenko, o que possibilitou avaliar todos os componentes da paisagem de maneira direta e objetiva. Os resultados revelaram que os idosos têm uma percepção mais positiva ao nível da satisfação no que se refere à existência de coisas interessantes para se apreciar enquanto se passeia, mas em relação à segurança tiveram uma percepção negativa. Na dimensão da estética apresentaram a percepção de um alto grau de antropização influenciando na degradação da beleza natural do local e valorizaram paisagens com alto grau de docilidade ambiental.
BLOCO REVOLUCIONÁRIO DO PROLETARIADO COMUNA QUE PARIU: A CULTURA COMO FERRAMENTA DE FORMAÇÃO REVOLUCIONÁRIA
Authors: Scelza Maria Fernanda , Falcão Ana
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho visa apresentar, de um lado, o debate teórico-político acerca do conceito de cultura à luz da teoria marxista, para provocar o debate sobre a formação revolucionária de base popular e, de outro lado, refletir sobre uma formação concreta: a experiência do Bloco Revolucionário do Proletariado Comuna Que Pariu (CQP). A relação teoria e prática sobre cultura popular como ferramenta revolucionária exercida no CQP se dá através do processo de observação participante de uma das autoras, que acompanhou o Bloco durante um determinado período e traz junto deste relato, algumas reflexões sobre este método consolidado na Antropologia frente a luta de classes e a organização popular. No campo do debate teórico-político, colocamos em diálogo dois pensadores fundamentais para a teoria marxista da cultura: o italiano Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) e o inglês Raymond Williams (1921-1988). A partir da concepção gramsciana de cultura e dos estudos de Williams sobre o tema, buscamos dar subsídios para a nossa defesa do potencial de transformação da sociedade que o Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB) vem exercendo nos seus cem anos de existência e, nas últimas décadas, com a atuação direta no campo da cultura popular através do CQP. Concluímos afirmando nossa posição em defesa da organização política e da construção do poder popular, que são as pautas fundamentais do PCB ao longo de toda a sua história.
Vegetation dynamics and precipitation sensitivity in three regions of northern Pantanal of Mato Grosso
Authors: De Moraes Tonny Jader , Machado Nadja Gomes , Biudes Marcelo Sacardi , Banga Nelson Mario , Caneppele Laís Braga
Published: March 2022

The wet areas of the Pantanal provide important services such as water and carbon storage, improved water quality, and climate regulation. Analysis and monitoring of vegetated land and precipitation on a regional scale using remote sensing data can provide important information for the preservation of the landscape and biodiversity of the region. Thus, the purpose was to analyze characteristics of the green cycle of the vegetated surface and to what extent the vegetated surface responds to the variability of precipitation in the Pantanal. The areas include the regions of Cáceres (CAC), Poconé (POC), and Barão de Melgaço (BAM) in Mato Grosso. Time series of accumulated precipitation (PPT) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) were used for the period from 2000 to 2016, obtained on NASA’s Giovanni platform (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). The analysis of the wavelet transform was applied for NDVI data and there was cross-correlation analysis for PPT and NDVI data. The results showed that the highest correlation between PPT and NDVI was positive with a 1-month lag, but was significant with a lag of up to 3 months. The wavelet analyses showed that the largest wavelet powers occurred at the frequency between 0.5 and 1.3 years, i.e., the NDVI series presented the main variances on the approximately annual scale, indicating that these characteristics are important aspects of local phenology variability, such as cumulative green throughout the year and generalized senescence.
Örgüt Kültürünün Sıkılık/Esneklik Boyutunun Girişimcilik Yönelimine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Şirketlerinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: BOZAGAÇ Filiz , AKTAŞ Mert
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, örgütün kültürel sıkılık/esneklik boyutunun girişimcilik yönelimine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Kültür yazınında sıkılık/esneklik boyutunun örgütsel seviyede girişimcilik ve yenilikçilik gibi değişkenlerle kuramsal olarak anlamlı olumlu ilişkileri gösterilmiştir. Örgüt kültürünün sıklık ve esneklik boyutunun örgüt çalışanlarının girişimcilik yönelimini olumlu/olumsuz etkilediği birçok çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Ancak, Türkiye’ de örgüt kültürü yazınında tekrar detaylandırılarak araştırılmasının konunun güncellenmesine ve örgütsel süreçlerde yön göstermesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında örgütün sıkılık eğilimi ve girişimcilik yönelimi eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda oluşturulan modelde sıkılık eğilimi ve girişimcilik yönelimi eğilimlerinin Türkiye’ deki örgütlerin kültürel perspektif temelindeki yapısına etkisinin her bir boyut düzeyinde araştırılması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemini Borsa İstanbul’ da işlem gören firmaların oluşturduğu bu çalışmada; Ölçek güvenirlik analizleri SPSS 23 analiz programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeklerin yapısını test etmek için AMOS 24 programında Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli kullanılarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Son olarak, Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli yol analizi kapsamında AMOS 24 programında teorik model testi ve regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, sıkılık esneklik ile girişimcilik yöneliminin yenilikçilik boyutu arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur.
Effects of Different Pruning Systems on Fruit Quality and Yield in California Wonder Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) Grown in Soilless Culture
Authors: AYDIN Alim , BAŞAK Hakan , ÇETİN Ayşe Nur
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effects of four pruning methods (Non-pruned, two, three and four stem pruning) on some growth parameters, yield and fruit quality in California Wonder Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The experiment was carried out between April and September 2020 in a climate controlled venlo type glass research greenhouse with automation system.In this study, two commercial pepper Rapido and Roxy California Wonder type (Rapido: red color Roxy: yellow color) varieties were used. Seedlings transplanted in cocopeat slabs were grown in soilless culture. The experiment was designed according to randomized plots with 3 replicates each including 8 plants. Pruning applications-leaving two, three and four branches in pepper varieties significantly increased plant height, plant fresh weight and stem diameter compared to the non-pruned plants. Pruning methods significantly increased fruit weight, fruit length and diameter. SPAD of leaves value, fruit flesh thickness, fruit firmness, fruit Brix and fruit EC values were positively affected by pruning methods. However, no effect of pruning methods on fruit color and pH was determined. Total yield per plant was reduced compared to non-pruned plants, except for 4 branch pruning. However, the reduction in the number of branches left with pruning significantly increased the rate of marketable fruit. To conclude, it was determined that the decrease in the number of branches left in California Wonder pepper varieties significantly decreased the number of non-marketable fruits, especially three and four branch pruning increased fruit quality as well as marketable yield.