bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Six N7-Methylguanosine-Related miRNA Signatures to Predict the Overall Survival and Immune Landscape of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer through In Silico Analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Cen Xiaoxia , Yao Yu , Zhao Suo , Li Wei , Zhang Wei , Qiu Ming
Published: September 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a widely prevalent breast cancer, with a mortality rate of up to 25%. TNBC has a lower survival rate, and the significance of N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification in TNBC remains unclear. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating m7G-related miRNAs in TNBC patients through in silico analysis. In our research, RNA sequencing and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The miRNAs targeting typical m7G modification regulators Methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) and WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4) were predicted on the TargetScan website. A miRNA risk model was built, and its prognostic value was evaluated by R soft packages. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was used to assess immune infiltration, and further expression of immune checkpoints was investigated. As a result, miR-421, miR-5001-3p, miR-4326, miR-1915-3p, miR-3177-5p, and miR-4505 were identified to create the risk model. A nomogram consisting of the stage N and risk model predicted overall survival effectively among TNBC patients. Treg and TIL were shown to be strongly linked to the risk model, and the high-risk group had higher levels of four immune checkpoints expression (CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, and TNFRSF9). A risk model consisting of m7G-related miRNAs was constructed. The findings of the current study could be used as a prognostic biomarker and can provide a novel immunotherapy insight for TNBC patients.
Mitophagy: A Potential Target for Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling
Authors: Shao Ruochen , Li Junli , Qu Tianyi , Liao Yanbiao , Chen Mao
Published: September 2022

The pathological mechanisms underlying cardiac remodelling and cardiac dysfunction caused by pressure overload are poorly understood. Mitochondrial damage and functional dysfunction, including mitochondrial bioenergetic disorder, oxidative stress, and mtDNA damage, contribute to heart injury caused by pressure overload. Mitophagy, an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, is triggered by mitochondrial damage and participates in the pathological process of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy plays a critical role in the pressure overload model, but evidence on the causal relationship between mitophagy abnormality and pressure overload-induced heart injury is inconclusive. This review summarises the mechanism, role, and regulation of mitophagy in the pressure overload model. It also pays special attention to active compounds that may regulate mitophagy in pressure overload, which provide clues for possible clinical applications.
A Review of Motion Vector-Based Video Steganography
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Minqing , Niu Ke , Yang Xiaoyuan
Published: September 2022

Steganography is a popular research direction in the field of information security. Due to the widespread use of video media, video steganography has received much attention from the research community. Among video steganography, motion vector (MV)-based video steganography has become one of the critical concerns of researchers due to its large embedding capacity and high visual quality. In this article, we focus on the research of MV-based video steganography. Firstly, the basic principles and evaluation criteria for MV-based steganography are discussed. Secondly, according to the different technical characteristics, the MV-based steganography is divided into three categories: the traditional MV domain steganography, the code-based MV domain steganography, and the adaptive MV domain steganography based on the framework of minimizing embedding distortion. The advantages and possible improvement directions of the above representative methods are illustrated. And then, the MV-based video steganalysis is outlined according to different perspectives of feature extraction, which is conducive to the design of better steganography algorithms. Finally, five future research directions are presented, such as designing distortion functions based on multiple factors, embedding methods based on new video coding standards, deep learning-based MV steganography, multidomain embedding strategies, and moving the MV-based steganography from the laboratory into the real world.
Constructing and Validating a Pyroptosis-Related Genes Prognostic Signature for Stomach Adenocarcinoma and Immune Infiltration: Potential Biomarkers for Predicting the Overall Survival
Authors: Xu Jingmin , Chen Ke , Wei Zhou , Wu Zixuan , Huang Xuyan , Cai Minjie , Yuan Kai , Huang Peidong , Zhang Jing , Wang Shuai
Published: September 2022

Background. Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a kind of cancer that begins in the stomach cells and has a poor overall survival rate. Following resection surgery, chemotherapy has been suggested as a curative method for stomach cancer. However, it is ineffective. Pyroptosis, a kind of inflammatory programmed cell death, has been shown to play a significant role in the development and progression of STAD. However, whether pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) can be utilized to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer remains unknown. Method. The research measured at predictive PRGs in STAD samples from TCGA and GEO. Lasso regression was used to build the prediction model. Coexpression analysis revealed that gene expression was linked to pyroptosis. PRGs were found to be overexpressed in high-risk individuals, implying that they could be used in a model to predict STAD prognosis. Result. Immunological and tumor-related pathways were discovered using GSEA. In STAD patients, the genes GPX3, PDGFRL, RGS2, and SERPINE1 may be connected to the cancer process. The levels of expression also differed between the two risk groups. Conclusion. The purpose of this study is to identify and verify STAD-associated PRGs that can effectively guide prognosis and the immunological milieu in STAD patients as well as offer evidence for the development of pyroptosis-related molecularly targeted therapeutics. Therefore, PRGs and the link between immunological and PRGs in STAD may be therapeutic targets.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Molecular Characteristics and Prognosis value of AT II-associated Genes in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ren Liping , Wen Xiaoxia , Liu Mujiexin , Xiao Yao , Leng Ping , Luo Huaichao , Tao Pei , Xie Lei
Published: September 2022

Alveolar type II (AT II) is a key structure of the distal lung epithelium and essential to maintain normal lung homeostasis. Dedifferentiation of AT II cells is significantly correlated with lung tumor progression. However, the potential molecular mechanism and clinical significance of AT II-associated genes for lung cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the gene expression, prognosis value, genetic alteration, and immune cell infiltration of eight AT II-associated genes (AQP4, SFTPB, SFTPC, SFTPD, CLDN18, FOXA2, NKX2-1, and PGC) in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). The results have shown that the expression of eight genes were remarkably reduced in cancer tissues and observably relating to clinical cancer stages. Survival analysis of the eight genes revealed that low-expression of CLDN18, FOXA2, NKX2-1, PGC, SFTPB, SFTPC, and SFTPD were significantly related to a reduced progression-free survival (FP), and low CLDN18, FOXA2, and SFTPD mRNA expression led to a short postprogression survival (PPS). Meanwhile, the alteration of 8 AT II-associated genes covered 273 out of 1053 NSCLC samples (26%). Additionally, the expression level of eight genes were significantly correlated with the infiltration of diverse immune cells, including six types of CD4+T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, CD8+ T cells, and dendritic cells. In summary, this study provided clues of the values of eight AT II-associated genes as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets in NSCLC and might provide some new inspirations to assist the design of new immunotherapies.
Trending Anti-E7 Serology Predicts Mortality and Recurrence of HPV-Associated Cancers of the Oropharynx
Authors: Johnson Luke , Ha Dat T. , Hall Melissa B. , Shoemaker Gregory , Bevins Paul A. , Strickley John , Demehri Shadmehr , Redman Rebecca A. , Joh Joongho
Published: September 2022

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is among the most common causes of head and neck cancer (HNC) with increasing incidence. HPV-associated HNC patients’ clinical response to treatment varies drastically, which has made treatment de-escalation clinical trials challenging. To address the need for noninvasive biomarkers that differentiate patient outcomes, serum antibodies to E7 oncoprotein levels were evaluated in serial serum specimens from HPV-positive HNC patients (

n
=
48

). We have found that increasing antibodies to E7 throughout treatment correlates with increased cancer recurrence or progression to mortality (

p
=
.004

) with 100% specificity as a predictive test.
Research on Partial Ordered Sets That Can Be Constructed as Effect Algebras
Authors: Zhang Hai-feng , Zhou Meng
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study effect algebra‐induced partial ordered sets. All possible cases of effect algebras generated by bounded partial ordered set MI of height 2 are given. In addition, the structure of chain effect algebra is studied carefully and the corresponding results are obtained.
Efficacy and Safety of PD-L1 Inhibitors plus Chemotherapy versus Chemotherapy Alone in First-Line Treatment of Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Real-World Study
Authors: Qu Jingjing , Kalyani Farhin Shaheed , Shen Qian , Yang Guangdie , Cheng Tianli , Liu Li , Zhou Jianya , Zhou Jianying
Published: September 2022

Background. Most patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have extensive-stage (ES) disease with a poor prognosis. Immunotherapy has shown good therapeutic effects in the treatment of ES-SCLC. We performed a real-world retrospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC. Method. A total of 224 patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC between March 2017 and April 2021 were included, of which 115 received only etoposide-platinum (EP) chemotherapy,and 109 received programmed cell-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and EP. Results. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus platinum were associated with a significant improvement in overall survival (OS), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.60 (95% CI, 0.42–0.85;

P
=
0.0054

); median OS was 19 months in the ICIs plus EP group vs. 12 months in the EP group. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.5 and 5.0 months, respectively (HR for disease progression or death, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.31–0.57;

P
<
0.0001

). Male patients <65 years old, Stage IV, PS 0-1, without liver and brain metastasis had a better OS in the ICIs plus EP group than the EP group. The PFS and OS in the durvalumab plus chemotherapy group were insignificantly longer than that of the atezolizumab plus chemotherapy group. Any adverse effects (AEs) of grade 3 or 4 occurred in 50 patients (45.9%) in the ICIs plus EP group and 48 patients (41.7%) in the EP alone group. The most common immune-related AEs (irAEs) were immune hypothyroidism events (17.1%, 7/41), immune dermatitis (9.8%, 4/41), and immune pneumonia (9.8%, 4/41) in the durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide group. Immune liver insufficiency (10.3%, 7/68) and immune hypothyroidism (8.8%, 6/68) were the most common irAEs in the atezolizumab plus platinum-etoposide group. Conclusion. This study shows that adding PD-L1 inhibitors to chemotherapy can significantly improve PFS and OS in patients with ES-SCLC and demonstrates its safety without additional AEs.
MCT4/Lactate Promotes PD-L1 Glycosylation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Duan Xianxian , Xie Yu , Yu Jing , Hu Xiao , Liu Zhanzhao , Li Ning , Qin Junfang , Lan Lan , Yuan Mengci , Pan Zhanyu , Wang Yue
Published: September 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the highest percentage of lymphocytic infiltration among breast cancer subtypes, and TNBC patients may benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. However, some cases whether the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) shows low targeting efficiency have occurred and effective synergistic targets need to be found, which inspired our exploration of the co-expression analysis of MCT4 (SLC16A3) and PD-L1 (CD274) and their potential regulatory mechanisms. After bioinformatic analysis of the relationship between MCT4 and PD-L1, we validated their positive co-expression relationship in triple-negative breast cancer through multiple immunohistochemical staining (mIHC), CRISPR/Cas9, and lentiviral transduction for MCT4 knockout (sgMCT4/231 KO) or overexpression (pEGFP-N1-MCT4/231). We examined the effect of lactate treatment on PD-L1 expression in triple-negative breast cancer cells by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Combined with our results, we found that MCT4 positively regulated PD-L1 expression through discharging lactate and stabilized PD-L1 through promoting its glycosylation by the classic WNT pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells. More importantly, the high co-expression of MCT4 and PD-L1 appears to predict more effective targets for treating TNBC, which would improve immune checkpoint therapy for TNBC.
[Retracted] Analysis Model of the Influence of Self‐Efficacy on Professional Toughness of Preschool Teachers under the Condition of Ensuring Children’s Mental Health and Healthy Family Environment
Authors: Zhou Yanfang , Wu Yuping , Deng Xiaojie , Wang Sihui , Shi Leishan
Published: September 2022

Preschool teachers’ professional toughness (PT) has received a lot of attention recently, and this research is one of the main areas of study for their ability to manage stress and develop normally. Based on how well a person thinks of his own abilities, SE (self‐efficacy) is formed. 300 kindergarten teachers from 10 metropolitan kindergartens were chosen as research samples in order to examine the relationship between the SE of kindergarten teachers and their PT, as well as the mediating effects of professional identity and work passion. A paradigm for measuring teacher performance based on the BPNN (BP neural network) is proposed, and several data processing techniques are developed. The study’s findings indicate that teachers’ WE (work enthusiasm) fills a limited intermediary role between PT and SE; the intermediary effect value is 0.041 and accounts for 15.7% of the overall effect (0.6559). The conclusion is that in order to help new instructors cope with their negative feelings, it is important to engage in a variety of leisure activities.
Population Ecology and Possible Threats to Defassa Waterbuck (Kobus Ellipsiprymnus Defassa) in the Nechsar National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Demisse Birtukan Tsegaye , Deng Gatriay Tut
Published: September 2022

Because of potential conflicts with humans, we investigated the population structure of waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa) in the Nechsar National Park, Ethiopia, from November 2019 to August 2020, using line transect methods. The estimated population was 118 and 104 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively, and averaged 111 (+8) or 0.23/km2. The proportion of each age group averaged 31% adult males, 45% adult females, 12% subadult males, 11% subadult females, and 2% juveniles; the large number of female individuals suggests a healthy and increasing waterbuck population. The distribution of waterbuck sightings among habitat types differed by season (χ2 = 15.97, df = 3,p<0.05). Different conservation measures should be taken to create a conducive environment for waterbuck and large park biodiversity.
Chloroplast DNA Diversity of Tunisian Barley Landraces as Revealed by cpSSRs Molecular Markers and Implication for Conservation Strategies
Authors: Snoussi Marwa , Riahi Leila , Ben Romdhane Mériam , Mliki Ahmed , Zoghlami Nejia
Published: September 2022

In Tunisia, barley local landraces are still cropped for human and animal consumption in some subsistence farming systems under marginal and stressed conditions. These high-value genetic resources present a potential source of resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stresses useful for both national and international breeders. Actually, they are represented by threatened small populations, which face a high risk of genetic erosion and progressive substitution by modern varieties. In this study, the genetic diversity of 60 Tunisian barley landraces was assessed using six chloroplast microsatellites. All loci were found polymorphic, with 2 or 3 alleles per locus. Thirteen alleles were detected across the studied sample, which were combined into 8 haplotypes, giving a haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.847. High punctual and haplotype genetic diversity was observed for Tunisian barley landraces when compared to other germplasms from other regions of the world. The genetic structure analysis revealed two major clusters of Tunisian barley landraces, which confirms their multiorigin. This result was corroborated by the median-joining network showing the genetic relationships among the eight detected haplotypes. The AMOVA analysis revealed that 83% of the genetic variation is between populations, which requires the in situ and ex situ conservation of plant material for all Tunisian populations of barley landraces. Information on genetic variation within the chloroplast genome is of great interest to ensure an efficient conservation strategy that takes into account the preservation of the various maternal lineages of Tunisian barley.
Distribution of In Situ Stress in Northwest Jiaodong Peninsula
Authors: Liu Xingquan , Liu Huanxin , Peng Chao , Wang Xi , Fan Yuyun , Jiang Mingwei , Yin Yantian
Published: September 2022

In order to study the present state of the tectonic stress field in northwest Jiaodong Peninsula, the characteristics of the ground stress distribution along depth were analyzed with the method of regression analysis. A total of 164 items of in situ stress measurement data were collected. There are mainly two types of in situ stress states, one is σH>σh>σv and the other is σ>σv >σh, and the type of in situ stress state is related to the depth. The principal stresses σH, σh, and σv increase approximately linearly with depth, and the stress gradients are 0.0556, 0.0248, and 0.0346, respectively. The lateral pressure coefficients KH, Kh, and Kav vary approximately hyperbolically with the increase in depth and approach 1.99, 1.12, and 1.56, respectively. The ratio of half of the maximum horizontal differential stress to the average horizontal principal stress μd varies linearly with the increase of depth and approaches the value of 0.33. The maximum shear stress τm increases approximately linearly with depth, and the stress gradients are 0.0146. The ratio of horizontal principal stress difference with vertical stress on 1000 m–2000 m is 0.5– 0.7. In addition, the maximum level of principal stress advantage direction in the northwest Jiaodong Peninsula is nearly E–W.
BDS-3 Broadcast Ephemeris Orbit Correction Model Based on Improved PSO Combined with BP Neural Network
Authors: Peng Jiebo , Liu Feng , Hu Wenjin
Published: September 2022

During the operation of navigation satellites, errors in the broadcast ephemeris orbits are caused by the influence of ingress factors and other factors. To address this phenomenon, this paper examines the use of the computational intelligence (CI) methods to implement track correction and to develop an optimized BP neural network model based on an improved particle swarm algorithm. The model improves the inertia weights and learning factor parameters of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve the global optimization capability and accelerate the convergence speed. The improved PSO (IPSO) algorithm is used to perform a global optimization search for the hyperparameters of the BP neural network, and then the neural network model is trained by broadcast ephemeris Keplerian root number and regression parameters. The model is validated using the broadcast ephemeris data of the BDS-3 MEO and IGSO satellites, and the mean square error correction rate of multiple satellites with different correction models shows that the error correction rate of the IPSO-BPNN model can reach 70.2–84% and the error correction rate can be improved by 14.2–56.8% compared with the PSO-BPNN model. The proposed algorithm provides an important reference for BDS-3 and other global navigation satellite systems for improving the accuracy of satellite orbit determination.
Performance Analysis of Synchronous Multilink MAC Protocol with Automatic Repeat Request
Authors: Jin Tong , Guo Jianlan , Lin Liangyu , Wang Yulei , Chen Yungui
Published: September 2022

Multilink operation (MLO) is considered a key candidate technique in 802.11be, which allows devices to transmit and receive data using multiple links concurrently, thereby contributing to improving throughput and reducing latency. However, the performance of the MLO scheme will gradually degrade as the channel environment deteriorates. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose a synchronous multilink media access control (MAC) protocol with Automatic Repeat Request (called SML-ARQ). With SML-ARQ, in the contention process, MLDs are allowed to perform channel access procedures over multiple links concurrently; in the transmission process, MLDs partition a link packet into multiple blocks and then transmit these blocks using multiple links. Any failed division of a link packet is copied and retransmitted once using multiple channels concurrently; as a consequence, SML-ARQ can mitigate the adverse impact of transmission failure on system performance. A theoretical model is being developed to analyze the performance of the proposed SML-ARQ. Extensive simulations verify the efficiency of SML-ARQ and the accuracy of our theoretical model.
Modelling and Assessment of BDS-3 Real-time Precise Point Positioning Time Transfer Based on PPP-B2b Service
Authors: Tang Jian , Lyu Daqian , Zeng Fangling , Ge Yulong , Zhang Runzhi
Published: September 2022

In 2020, users in and around China had access to a new real-time precise point positioning (RTPPP) service with the BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) B2b (PPP-B2b) signal. In this study, the quality of PPP-B2b products is first assessed and compared with the CNAV1 broadcast ephemeris. Then a mode of BDS-3 PPP time transfer with PPP-B2b (B2b-RTPPP) is developed and evaluated in static and kinematic modes. The results demonstrate that the discontinuity of orbit is improved by applying the PPP-B2b, and its root mean square errors (RMSEs) are 0.081 m, 0.165 m, and 0.107 m in the radial, along-track, and cross-track components, respectively. The standard deviation (STD) of the PPP-B2b clock offset is 0.08 ns, greatly better than that of the broadcast clock offset. For time transfer, the type A uncertainty of the B2b-RTPPP solution is approximately 0.1 ns in static mode, and approximately 0.3 ns in kinematic mode. The B1I/B3I B2b-RTPPP time transfer solution performs better than the B1C/B2a solution. For frequency stability, the modified Allan deviation (MDEV) of the B2b-RTPPP solution is comparable to that of the post-processing solution. The B1C/B2a combination has better short-term frequency stability than B1I/B3I, while the long-term frequency stability of B1C/B2a is worse. In addition, the contribution of the differential code bias (DCB) to B2b-RTPPP time transfer is also investigated. The type A uncertainty of the B2b-RTPPP solution without DCB correction is worse than that of the B2b-RTPPP solution with DCB correction. The B1C/B2a B2b-RTPPP solution without DCB correction has better frequency stability than the B1I/B3I B2b-RTPPP solution.
ALK7 Knockdown Plays a Protective Role on HG-Stimulated MCs through Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Gao Shan , Wu Guifu , Li Hui , Qiao Yuan , Dong Chunping
Published: September 2022

Objective. Activin receptor-like kinase 7 (ALK7) is a member of the ALK family that has a key role in diabetes. However, the role of ALK7 in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear. Methods. Herein, we evaluated the effects of ALK7 on mesangial cells (MCs). MCs were transfected with si-ALK7 or pcDNA3.0-ALK7, and then stimulated with 40 mM glucose for 24 h. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Relative ROS level was detected using DCFH-DA staining. The contents of inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression levels of FN, Col IV, Nrf2, and HO-1 in MCs. Results. Our results showed that ALK7 expression was induced by HG in MCs. Knockdown of ALK7 inhibited HG-induced cell proliferation. The HG-induced ROS was mitigated by si-ALK7 with decreased ROS level and NOX activity. In addition, ALK7 knockdown exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in HG-stimulated MCs. Moreover, ALK7 knockdown attenuated fibronectin (FN) and collagen IV (Col IV) expression in MCs. Knockdown of ALK7 enhanced Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in MCs. Inhibition of Nrf2 reversed the protective effects of ALK7 knockdown on HG-stimulated MCs. Conclusion. ALK7 knockdown exerted protective effects on HG-stimulated MCs through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Thus, targeting ALK7 might be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of DN.
A Novel Theoretical Investigation of the Abu-Shady–Kaabar Fractional Derivative as a Modeling Tool for Science and Engineering
Authors: Martínez Francisco , Kaabar Mohammed K. A.
Published: September 2022

A newly proposed generalized formulation of the fractional derivative, known as Abu-Shady–Kaabar fractional derivative, is investigated for solving fractional differential equations in a simple way. Novel results on this generalized definition is proposed and verified, which complete the theory introduced so far. In particular, the chain rule, some important properties derived from the mean value theorem, and the derivation of the inverse function are established in this context. Finally, we apply the results obtained to the derivation of the implicitly defined and parametrically defined functions. Likewise, we study a version of the fixed point theorem for

α

-differentiable functions. We include some examples that illustrate these applications. The obtained results of our proposed definition can provide a suitable modeling guide to study many problems in mathematical physics, soliton theory, nonlinear science, and engineering.
Effect of Predictive Nursing Combined with Emotional Therapy on Rehabilitation Effect and Psychological State of Patients with Brain Injury after the Operation
Authors: Huang Xiaying , Wu Haihua
Published: September 2022

Objective. To explore the influence of predictive nursing combined with emotional therapy on the rehabilitation effect and psychological state of patients with brain injury after the operation and to analyze its application value to patients with brain injury after the operation. Methods. 70 postoperative patients with brain injury who went to our hospital for diagnosis and treatment were selected as the key figures of this experiment, including 31 female patients and 39 male patients. In order to ensure the uniformity of data, medical staff need to divide patients into an experimental group and a control group through the double-blind method, with 35 cases in each group. The patients in the two groups need to take the relevant diagnosis and surgical treatment measures after admission. The patients in the control group take routine nursing, providing patients with a clean and tidy ward is convenient for patients to manage nursing, and for patients to bring comfortable treatment relief. The patients in the experimental group take predictive nursing combined with emotional therapy, which is to master the basic situation of patients, according to the quality of patients, and develop comprehensive nursing measures for patients. The psychological status, complication incidence rate, treatment effectiveness, and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results. The psychological status, complication incidence rate, nursing efficiency, and nursing satisfaction of patients in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Predictive nursing combined with emotional therapy for patients with brain injury after the operation can effectively alleviate bad mood of patients, reduce the incidence rate of complications, improve the nursing satisfaction of patients, as well as provide patients with high-quality treatment and nursing services. It has a certain clinical application value and is worth popularizing.
[Retracted] Legal Guarantee of Smart City Pilot and Green and Low‐Carbon Development
Authors: Yan Na
Published: September 2022

Green and smart cities are based on clean energy and rely on information technology. They are the guarantee for the realization of efficient and intelligent urban development and green ecological transformation, the basis for sustainable social and economic development, and the inevitable trend of urban development. Therefore, the evaluation of the development level of green and smart cities is of great significance to the development of Chinese cities. This paper has aimed to study the issue of smart city pilots and legal guarantees for green and low‐carbon development and introduced the concept of smart city line management, as well as the related theory of entropy weight method, cloud model, and support vector machine algorithm. Based on the sustainable development index system, this paper has combined the low‐carbon concept to construct the low‐carbon city evaluation index system and carried out an empirical analysis. The sustainable development index system, the research results of low‐carbon city, and the current situation and characteristics of low‐carbon city construction are studied and analyzed. On this premise, a low‐carbon city assessment framework in view of reasonable improvement is built, including low‐carbon economy, low‐carbon society, low‐carbon climate, and low‐carbon component. The experimental results of this paper show that the low‐carbon environment subsystem has the best coordinated development among the four subsystems, and the current state is the best. By 2021, the coordination degree value has reached 0.6656, which is in a relatively coordinated state.
Single-Soliton Solution of KdV Equation via Hirota’s Direct Method under the Time Scale Framework
Authors: Kong Yuan , Liu Xing-Chen , Dong Huan-He , Liu Ming-Shuo , Wei Chun-Ming , Huang Xiao-Qian , Fang Yong
Published: September 2022

Hirota’s direct method is one significant way to obtain solutions of soliton equations, but it is rarely studied under the time scale framework. In this paper, the generalized KdV equation on time-space scale is deduced from one newly constructed Lax equation and zero curvature equation by using the AKNS method, which can be reduced to the classical and discrete KdV equation by considering different time scales. What is more, it is the first time that the single-soliton solution of the KdV equation under the time scale framework is obtained by using the idea of Hirota’s direct method.
Analysis of the Occlusion Interference Problem in Target Tracking
Authors: Zhang Shuili , Zheng Kexin , Huaiyuan Sun
Published: September 2022

As an indispensable part in the field of computer vision, target tracking has been widely used in intelligent transportation, missile guidance, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tracking, and many other fields. It has become one of the hot directions in computer vision in recent years, while occlusion problem has always been a great difficulty and challenge in the process of target tracking. In this article, the problem of occlusion interference in target tracking is described, and the solution of occlusion problem is proposed based on different occlusion conditions. Due to the disadvantages of feature point center weighting, multiparticle template matching, and Kalman filter trajectory prediction algorithms in different cases, some algorithms with higher robustness and stability are developed to solve the occlusion problem. In the analysis of the anti-occlusion model, it is found that some tracking errors caused by occlusion can be solved by improving the quality of negative training samples and enriching the diversity of positive sample sets. According to the different training characteristics of online and offline tracking algorithms, the anti-occlusion model suitable for an active learning algorithm under different tracking conditions is found, and the tracking algorithm and characteristics of the active learning algorithm are listed, which is helpful to select the suitable tracking model in different scenarios. Finally, the future development of occlusion problem in target tracking is prospected.
Toward Sequential Recommendation Model for Long-Term Interest Memory and Nearest Neighbor Influence
Authors: Cai Hongyun , Meng Jie , Ren Jichao , Yuan Shilin
Published: September 2022

Sequential recommendation can make predictions by fitting users’ changing interests based on the users’ continuous historical behavior sequences. Currently, many existing sequential recommendation methods put more emphasis upon users’ recent preference (i.e., short-term interests), but simplify or even ignore the influence of users’ long-term interests, resulting in important interest features of users not being effectively mined. Moreover, users’ real intentions may not be fully captured by only focusing on their behavior histories, because users’ interests are diverse and dynamic. To solve the above problems, we propose a novel sequential recommendation model for long-term interest memory and nearest neighbor influence. Firstly, item embeddings based on item similarity and dependency are constructed to alleviate the problem of data sparsity in users’ recent interest history. Secondly, in order to effectively capture long-term interests, the long sequence is divided into multiple nonoverlapping subsequences. For these subsequences, the graph attention network with node importance factor is designed to fully extract the main interests of subsequences, and LSTM is introduced to learn the dynamic changes of interest among subsequences. Long-term interests of users are modeled through complex structure within subsequences and sequential dependencies among subsequences. Finally, the user’s neighbor representation is introduced, and a gating module is designed to integrate the user’s neighbor information and self-interests. The influence of users’ short-term and long-term interests on prediction is dynamically controlled by considering nearby features in the gating network. The experimental results on two public datasets show that the proposed sequential recommendation model can outperform the baseline methods in hit rate (HR@K) and normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG@K).
Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of Cultural Differences on English Learning from the Perspective of the Cultural Community
Authors: Tang Bin , Zhang Haonan , Jiang Yuqin
Published: September 2022

A model of the influence of cultural differences on English learning from the perspective of the linguistic and cultural community based on data feature decomposition and fusion clustering is proposed. The new knowledge and the old knowledge are connected through the optimal control of the learning model. By decomposing relevant data through data features and fusion clustering algorithm, the impact of cultural differences on English learning can be modeled and analyzed from the perspective of language and cultural community. The simulation results show that the data fusion performance of the impact model of this method on English learning is good, and the quantitative analysis results are accurate and reliable. According to the results of visual data, targeted interventions were carried out for teachers, learners, and teaching managers.
rhCNB Improves Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunodeficiency in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Zhong Wenhua , Huang Hui , Yang Zhaoxin , Chang Penghuan
Published: September 2022

Background. This study aims to explore the immunomodulatory effect of rhCNB on mice with cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunodeficiency through TLR4/MAPK pathway. Methods. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: a negative control group, an immunosuppression model group, and a rhCNB treatment group. Tail vein injection of cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg) was used to establish a mouse immunosuppression model. Intraperitoneal injection of rhCNB (20 mg/kg) was administered to the treatment group, whereas equal quantities of normal saline were given to the control group and model group. Perform peripheral blood routine of CD4, CD8, and CD19 lymphocyte subsets and peripheral blood Th1/Th2 cell subsets 24 hours after the last administration. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA levels of TLR4, P38, JNK, T-bet, and GATA3, the spleen immune organ index was measured, and the histopathological status of the spleen and thymus was observed. Results. The results showed that compared with the control group, WBC, PLT, LYM, NEU, immune organ index, CD4+/CD8+ and CD19+ subgroup ratio, and peripheral blood Th1/Th2 cell subgroups decreased in the model group. The mRNA levels of TLR4, P38, JNK, T-bet, and GATA3 decreased compared with the model group, while they increased in the treatment group. Conclusions. rhCNB has an immunomodulatory effect by regulating the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance through the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of lymphocytes, thereby improving the immune function.
User Experience Perception Algorithm for Long and Short Videos Based on Multiple Nonlinear Regression
Authors: Dai Zuojun , Zhou Ying , Tian Hui , Ma Nan , Zhang Yuexia
Published: September 2022

The low correlation of evaluation indices from the current user perception evaluation model and the neglect of the nonlinear relationship between diversified indices and user experience in different duration videos result in low user perception accuracy of long and short videos. To address these issues, we propose a user experience perception algorithm for long and short videos based on multiple nonlinear regression (LSMNR). First, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of modeling, the algorithm involves preprocessing of video data in edge servers and subdivides the videos based on their duration and popularity. Then, we introduce a new multidimensional quantitative evaluation index that fits the user’s subjective experience and further analyze the influence between multiple evaluation indices (video lag, black screen, etc.) and user quality of experience (QoE) for different video types. Moreover, the characteristics of the data in the multiple evaluation indices are extracted; user subjective evaluation experiments are designed using the video quality expert group (VQEG) standard; and sample and test databases were established. Finally, the optimal model parameters were trained by applying the nonlinear least square method and support vector machine (SVM) to fit and cross-verify the sample data. Our simulation results revealed that the Pearson correlation coefficient of the proposed LSMNR algorithm acquires a value of 0.9810. Compared with algorithms based on multinomial linear regression (MLR), linear SVM, and neural network (NN), the perceptual accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved by at least 4.0%, and it is applicable to a wider range of video types.
On the Design and Performance Analysis of Flexible Planar Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wearable Wireless Applications
Authors: Thangarasu Deepa , Thipparaju Rama Rao , Palaniswamy Sandeep Kumar , Kanagasabai Malathi , Alsath Mohammed Gulam Nabi , Potti Devisowjanya , Kumar Sachin
Published: September 2022

With the promising developments in wearable communication technology, attention towards flexible electronics is increasing day-by-day. This study presents flexible low-profile ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas for wearable applications. The antenna comprised of a modified dewdrop-inspired radiator and a defected ground plane and has an impedance bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The antenna flexibility is investigated using four different substrates (polyester, polyamide, denim, and Teslin) and tested on a cotton shirt and a high-end Res-Q jacket to evaluate their performance stability for body-worn applications. The fabricated planar dewdrop-shaped radiator (PDSR) antennas have a radiation efficiency of >90%, a gain of >4 dBi, and a group delay variation of fewer than 0.5 ns. The antenna conformability is measured by placing the fabricated antennas on various curved and nonplanar parts of the human body. The aforementioned antennas offer better flexibility for different bent conditions. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the designed antennas is investigated to determine their wearability, and values are found to be less than 0.2 W/Kg. Also, the received signal strength (RSS) is discussed in order to analyze signal attenuation, and the performance analysis of the antennas is compared.
Wild Geese Migration Optimization Algorithm: A New Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for Solving Inverse Kinematics of Robot
Authors: Wu Honggang , Zhang Xinming , Song Linsen , Zhang Yufei , Gu Lidong , Zhao Xiaonan
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a new meta-heuristic algorithm, named wild geese migration optimization (GMO) algorithm. It is inspired by the social behavior of wild geese swarming in nature. They maintain a special formation for long-distance migration in small groups for survival and reproduction. The mathematical model is established based on these social behaviors to solve optimization problems. Meanwhile, the performance of the GMO algorithm is tested on the stable benchmark function of CEC2017, and its potential for dealing with practical problems is studied in five engineering design problems and the inverse kinematics solution of robot. The test results show that the GMO algorithm has excellent computational performance compared to other algorithms. The practical application results show that the GMO algorithm has strong applicability, more accurate optimization results, and more competitiveness in challenging problems with unknown search space, compared with well-known algorithms in the literature. The proposal of GMO algorithm enriches the team of swarm intelligence optimization algorithms and also provides a new solution for solving engineering design problems and inverse kinematics of robots.
Lung Cancer Nodules Detection via an Adaptive Boosting Algorithm Based on Self-Normalized Multiview Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Khan Adeel , Tariq Irfan , Khan Haroon , Khan Sifat Ullah , He Nongyue , Zhiyang Li , Raza Faisal
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer killing almost 1.8 million people in 2020. The new cases are expanding alarmingly. Early lung cancer manifests itself in the form of nodules in the lungs. One of the most widely used techniques for both lung cancer early and noninvasive diagnosis is computed tomography (CT). However, the intensive workload of radiologists to read a large number of scans for nodules detection gives rise to issues like false detection and missed detection. To overcome these issues, we proposed an innovative strategy titled adaptive boosting self-normalized multiview convolution neural network (AdaBoost-SNMV-CNN) for lung cancer nodules detection across CT scans. In AdaBoost-SNMV-CNN, MV-CNN function as a baseline learner while the scaled exponential linear unit (SELU) activation function normalizes the layers by considering their neighbors' information and a special drop-out technique (α-dropout). The proposed method was trained and tested using the widely Lung Image Database Consortium and Image Database Resource Initiative (LIDC-IDRI) and Early Lung Cancer Action Program (ELCAP) datasets. AdaBoost-SNMV-CNN achieved an accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 93%, and specificity of 92% for lung nodules detection on the LIDC-IDRI dataset. Meanwhile, on the ELCAP dataset, the accuracy for detecting lung nodules was 99%, sensitivity 100%, and specificity 98%. AdaBoost-SNMV-CNN outperformed the majority of the model in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The multiviews confer the model’s good generalization and learning ability for diverse features of lung nodules, the model architecture is simple, and has a minimal computational time of around 102 minutes. We believe that AdaBoost-SNMV-CNN has good accuracy for the detection of lung nodules and anticipate its potential application in the noninvasive clinical diagnosis of lung cancer. This model can be of good assistance to the radiologist and will be of interest to researchers involved in the designing and development of advanced systems for the detection of lung nodules to accomplish the goal of noninvasive diagnosis of lung cancer.
[Retracted] Analysis of Nursing Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Hemodialysis Patients with Uremia
Authors: Hu Lanfang , Ma Yanting , Wang Lihong , Dai Yapping
Published: September 2022

Uremic pruritus affects 50–90% of hemodialysis patients, making it one of the most frequent medical issues among this group. Pruritus can lead to skin infections, desquamation, pathological skin changes, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and social problems. The epidemic of uremia pneumonia has put a lot of stress on hemodialysis patients, resulting in negative feelings. As a result, during the prevention and control of uremia, rigorous management and improved nursing intervention are critical. During the uremia disease outbreak, this study will examine and assess the impact of clinically refined nurse intervention on patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
Minimum Latency-Secure Key Transmission for Cloud-Based Internet of Vehicles Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Akilandeswari V. , Kumar Ankit , Thilagamani S. , Subedha V. , Kalpana V. , Kaur Kiranjeet , Asenso Evans
Published: September 2022

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) communication key management level controls the confidentiality and security of its data, which may withstand user identity-based attacks such as electronic spoofing. The IoV group’s key is updated with a defined frequency under the current key management method, which lengthens the time between crucial changes and encryption. The cluster key distribution management is used as the study object in this paper, which is based on the communication security on the Internet of Vehicles cluster. When vehicles enter and exit the cluster, the Internet of Vehicles must update the group key in real-time to ensure its forward and backward security. A low-latency IoV group key distribution management technology based on reinforcement learning is proposed to optimize the group owner vehicle according to factors such as changes in the number of surrounding vehicles and essential update records and the update frequency and the key length of its group key. The technology does not require the group leader vehicle to predict the nearby traffic flow model. The access-driven cache attack model reduces the delay of encryption and decryption and is verified in the simulation of the IoV based on advanced encryption standards. The simulation results show that, compared with the benchmark group key management scheme, this technology reduces the transmission delay of key updates, the calculation delay of encryption and decryption of the IoV, and improves the group key confidentiality.