bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repetition suppression for familiar visual words through acceleration of early processing
Authors: Maurer Urs , Rometsch Sarah , Song Bingbing , Zhao Jing , Zhao Pei , Li Su
Published: May 2023

The visual N1 (N170) component with occipito-temporal negativity and fronto-central positivity is sensitive to visual expertise for print. Slightly later, an N200 component with an increase after stimulus repetition was reported to be specific for Chinese, but found at centro-parietal electrodes against a mastoid reference. Given the unusual location, temporal proximity to the N1, and atypical repetition behavior, we aimed at clarifying the relation between the two components. We collected 128-channel EEG data from 18 native Chinese readers during a script decision experiment. Familiar Chinese one-and two-character words were presented among unfamiliar Korean control stimuli with half of the stimuli immediately repeated. Stimulus repetition led to a focal increase in the N1 onset and to a widespread decrease in the N1 offset, especially for familiar Chinese and also prominently near the mastoids. A TANOVA analysis corroborated robust repetition effects in the N1 offset across ERP maps with a modulation by script familiarity around 300 ms. Microstate analyses revealed a shorter N1 microstate duration after repetitions, especially for Chinese. The results demonstrate that the previously reported centro-parietal N200 effects after repetitions reflect changes during the N1 offset at occipito-temporal electrodes including the mastoids. Although larger for Chinese, repetition effects could also be found for two-character Korean words, suggesting that they are not specific for Chinese. While the decrease of the N1 offset after repetition is in agreement with a repetition suppression effect, the microstate findings suggest that at least part of the facilitation is due to accelerated processing after repetition.
Newly synthesized pyrrolidine analog SS13 induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Nosálová Natália , Kešeľáková Alexandra , Kello Martin , Martinková Miroslava , Fábianová Dominika , Pilátová Martina Bago
Published: May 2023

Background
A series of experiments on colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2 and HCT116) were conducted to provide new information about the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of newly synthesized (2S,3S,4R)-2-Tridecylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol hydrochloride (SS13).
Methods
BrdU proliferation and MTT assays were performed to verify the antiproliferative activity and determine the IC50 value. Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis, phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial membrane potential, and casp-3/7 activation. Cleavage of PARP and casp-8, as well as protein levels of Bad, pBad, Bcl-2, pBcl-2, and Bcl-xL were detected by western blot. Gene expression was determined by qRT–PCR. The impact of SS13 on cell migration was monitored by scratch assay.
Results
SS13 showed the concentration-dependent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect on both cell lines with IC50: 3.2 ± 0.1 μmol/L - MTT / vs. 6.46 ± 2.84 μmol/L - BrdU for HCT116 and 2.17 ± 1.5 μmol/L – MTT vs. 1.59 ± 0.72 μmol/L BrdU for Caco-2. SS13-induced apoptosis was associated with externalization of phosphatidylserine, reduced MMP, activation of casp-3/7, cleavage of PARP and casp-8, overexpression of TNF-α, FasL, and dysregulation of Bcl-2 family proteins. SS13 induced intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in colorectal cancer cells and inhibited their migration potential.
Conclusions
Newly synthesized pyrrolidine SS13 induced intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in colorectal cancer cells and suppressed their migration. Our results suggest that pyrrolidine SS13 may have potential in prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Assessing Quality of Life from the Lens of Sustainability in Africa
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi , Osagu Festus Ndidi
Published: May 2023

The complex and multidimensional nature of the quality of life (QoL) concept has given rise to different empirical works attempting to determine factors that could enhance its level in developing and emerging economies. Thus, scholars and policymakers have continued to demonstrate a keen interest in the concept because of its critical role in social planning—the goal is to accelerate the level of QoL of the people by lowering the harmful effects of social inequalities prevailing in today’s society. QoL forms one of the twenty-first century’s significant and disturbing social subjects. Thus, this study examined QoL from the sustainability perspective using ecological demands, renewable energy, income, urbanisation, and external debt in 44 African countries between 1990 and 2020. The study applied a battery of first and second-generation estimation techniques, including the dynamic common correlated effect, generalised linear mixed effect model, panel corrected standard error, and panel dynamic ordinary least squares procedures for deriving robust study inferences. The study demonstrated that as ecological demands and external debt continues to grow, QoL is adversely affected. Also, while income and urbanisation significantly positively affected QoL, renewable energy’s impact was neutral. The study proposed applicable policy measures for QoL enhancement in developing and emerging economies.
JEL Classification: I31, O55, Q01.
Getting close-ish: A corpus-based exploration of -ish as a marker of approximation and vagueness
Authors: Eitelmann Matthias , Haumann Dagmar
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the approximative nature of -ish, which takes its origin in de-adjectival adjectives in Middle English and from there spreads to -ish-derivatives from a wide array of bases, in terms of both categoriality and complexity. Drawing on data from the TV corpus, the paper charts the inventory of ‑ish-derivatives expressing approximative senses and zooms in on de-adjectival derivatives (largish, small-er-ish), de-numeral derivatives (fourth-ish, 2.8-ish), as well as on non-category changing -ish-formations (a few weeks-ish, nothingish). Building on both the diachronic trajectory of approximative ‑ish as of Middle English and the inventory of -ish-formations in the TV corpus, the paper proposes an approximation cline ranging from the earliest relational/associative senses of the suffix via similitudinal and genuinely approximative senses to incipient privative senses, (almost) all of which are attested in the data investigated.
Xylem Functionality Is Not a Direct Indicator of Apple Preharvest Fruit Drop
Authors: Larson James E. , Malladi Anish , Kon Thomas M.
Published: May 2023

Apple (Malus ×domestica) growers can incur significant economic losses when fruit drop before they can be harvested [preharvest fruit drop (PFD)]. In some years and cultivars, more than 30% of potential yield can be lost. Growers frequently apply plant bioregulators to reduce PFD, either via delay in maturity [aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), 1-methylcycolpropene] or via inhibition in production of cell hydrolysis enzymes in the fruit pedicel [naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)]. Finding a physiological indicator of PFD would allow growers to assess the susceptibility of fruit to PFD. Due to its lignification, xylem is believed to be the last tissue to break down in the fruit pedicel, leading to PFD. To determine whether loss in xylem functionality can be used as an indicator of PFD potential, studies were conducted in 2020 and 2021 with ‘Red Delicious’ treated with AVG (132 µL·L−1), NAA (10 µL·L−1), and an ethylene-producing compound [ethephon (150 µL·L−1 in 2020, 200 µL·L−1 in 2021)] to generate a range of PFD potentials. Xylem functionality was assessed in the fruit cortex. Internal ethylene content (IEC), fruit maturity indices, and PFD rates were quantified weekly throughout the harvest period. Expression of genes encoding for cell hydrolysis enzymes (MdEG1 and MdPG2) was quantified to relate xylem functionality to fruit abscission mechanisms. In 2020 and 2021, AVG reduced PFD compared with the untreated control by decreasing IEC. Although ethephon did not result in higher PFD than untreated fruit, NAA reduced PFD in 2020 but not 2021. For all treatments in both years, there was a linear decrease in xylem functionality throughout the measurement period. Cumulative PFD exponentially decreased as xylem functionality neared zero and the climacteric rise in ethylene began. Concurrent with the rise in IEC and PFD was an increase in the expression of MdEG1 and MdPG2 in the fruit pedicel of the control compared with AVG-treated fruit. AVG-treated fruit lost xylem functionality at a similar rate to the untreated control but had lower expression of MdEG1 and MdPG2. These results indicate that xylem functionality is not a sole direct indicator of PFD. The concurrent increase in PFD and expression of MdEG1/MdPG2 supports previous research indicating that these two genes may serve as potential markers for PFD.
O papel social da leitura: reflexões a partir da oficina “Leitura no Colo” no município Lagoa Salgada/RN (Trilhas Potiguares 2022)
Authors: SILVA Eduardo Cristiano Hass da , PINHEIRO Iasmim Tereza Silva de Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Dentre os municípios participantes do Programa de Extensão Universitária Trilhas Potiguares, no ano de 2022, encontra-se o de Lagoa Salgada, que recebeu a equipe do programa entre os dias 31 de julho e 7 de agosto de 2022. Nesse sentido, este relato de experiência analisa as reflexões construídas a partir da oficina “Leitura no colo”, construída de acordo com as demandas voltadas para a área da Educação, a qual teve como objetivo fomentar a prática de leitura dentro das escolas com os responsáveis dos alunos. Essa experiência promoveu a reflexão sobre o papel social da leitura e de que forma ela contribui com a formação inicial das crianças, ao mesmo tempo em que possibilitou às trilheiras e aos trilheiros compreenderem a extensão universitária de forma não-assistencialista, interprofissional e interdisciplinar, de significativa importância para uma formação cidadã.
OBESITY AND ANTICIPATED DIFFICULT AIRWAY- A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH WITH VIDEOLARYNGOSCOPY, RAMP POSITION, SEVOFLURANE AND OPIOID FREE ANAESTHESIA
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Anaesthesiology, Gadag Instituite of Medical Sciences., Panchgar Vinayak , Bhandi Shivaraddi ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Gadag Instituite of Medical Sciences., S. Anagha ,   Post-Graduateinanaesthesiology Gadag Instituite of Medical Sciences.
Published: May 2023

Background: Anaesthetic management of obese patient can be challenging because of altered anatomy and physiology. Safe apnea period is extremely short and videolaryngoscope is believed to reduce the number of failed intubation attempts. Slow emergence with fat-soluble volatile agents may be due to delayed release from adipose stores. Use of opioids in the presence of obesity increases the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea, hypoxia and upper airway obstruction. The aim is to provide safe airway management in obesity by reducing the number of intubation attempts and the time taken for intubation with reduced post-operative respiratory depression. Methods: 25 patients with the BMI of >30kg/m2 were selected. Standard technique for induction of anaesthesia using Inj. Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg 10 mins before intubation with patient in RAMP position was done. HugeMed videolaryngoscope with appropriate sized blade was used and maintainance of anaesthesia with Sevoflurane and Inj. Dexmedetomidine 0.5mcg/kg/hr. Assessment consisted of number of intubation attempts, time required for intubation, visualisation of glottis, hemodynamic stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation and post-operative respiratory depression. Results: Among 25 patients, 18 patients had intubation at the first attempt, the maximum attempts taken were three in 2 patients. In majority of the patients i.e, 10, time taken for intubation was 13-15 secs. The maximum time to intubate was 18-20 secs in 2 patients. The visualisation if glottic structures assessed by Percentage Of Glottic Opening (POGO) score was 80-100% in majority of 20 patients. Most of the patients had a saturation of 96-100% post-operatively. There was a significant fall in the above hemodynamic parameters from baseline to intubation and 5mins later. The mean reduction in HR was 28.42%, SBP- 28.72%, DBP- 38.85% and MAP- 34.69%. Conclusion: This study emphasises on the use of advanced airway tools, standard intubation techniques and careful drug selection in order to prevent and minimise the risk of airway complication in obesity.
The value relevance of earnings and book value at Vietnamese listed enterprises
Authors: Quoc Thinh Tran , Thi Phung Nguyen , Khanh Lam Tran
Published: May 2023

Relevant value is important for information users to make business decisions, and stock prices have an essential relationship to the value relevance about enterprises. The paper aims to investigate the earnings and book value influences on the value relevance of 144 Vietnamese listed enterprises. Selected data are non-financial enterprises with a wide range of industries to ensure representativeness on the Vietnamese stock market. The research implements stakeholder and signaling theory to explain the hypotheses of the model related to earnings per share and book value per share. Time series data are analyzed for three years from 2018 to 2020. The quantitative method is applied to test hypotheses. The results determine that the fixed effects model is suitable. The results also show that the earnings per share positively affect the stock price, but book value per share has a negative impact on the stock price. The paper provides some policy suggestions for investors to make reasonable decisions using relevant information about listed enterprises in Vietnam.
Use of a synbiotic for the correction of gut microbiota and treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Khalaidzheva K. N. , Drozdov V. N. , Ryazantseva О. V. , Shikh E. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional bowel disorder that presents with abdominal pain associated with defecation, a change in stool frequency and a change in the appearance of the stool. The high socio-medical significance of this disorder is determined by high global prevalence, impact on quality of life and significant costs for patients, health care and society. Currently, the intestinal wall status, and the qualitative and quantitative changes in gut microbiota are considered as  one of the factors provoking the disorder. Given the role of microbiota in the development of irritable bowel syndrome, it is advisable to use probiotics as a therapy for IBS. Aim. To evaluate the effect of synbiotic Maxilac® on the gut microbiota and clinical signs of IBS. Materials and methods. A total of 15 (9 women and 6 men, mean age 42,6 ± 3,7 years) patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) were enrolled in the study. They received Maxilac® at a dose of 1 capsule in the evening with meals for 21 days. Before and after treatment, all patients underwent bacteriological testing of faeces and assessment of clinical signs: stool frequency during the week, abdominal pain measurements using a VAS scale (mm), bloating severity measurements using a VAS scale (mm). Results and discussion. The study showed positive changes in the intestinal microbiota: a significant growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (CFU), typical E.coli and enterococci. The number of hemolytic E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida fungi (CFU) was significantly reduced. In the Maxilac® group, the defecation frequency decreased from 31 to 16 times a week (p < 0.05); abdominal pain from 55 to 35 VAS scores (p < 0.05); bloating from 60 to 40 VAS scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The synbiotic Maxilac® is one of the drugs that can be efficiently and safely used as part of combination therapy for IBS.
Experience in the treatment of patients with pulmonary embolism using apixaban and ultrasound inhalations of unfractionated heparin
Authors: Semigolovskii N. Yu. , Mazurenko S. O. , Simutis I. S. , Ermolaeva L. G. , Semigolovskii S. N.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the leading causes of death even in hospitalized patients. The standard treatment results are disappointing. Since 2004, we have tested a new method for the treatment of hemodynamically insignificant PE (own patent RU2224525C1) by using unfractionated heparin (UFH) in ultrasound inhalations with a nebulizer, since 2014 – in combination with apixaban. Aim. To improve the treatment of PE. Materials and methods. The hospital mortality rate of 713 patients of the cardiac intensive care unit with hemodynamically insignificant PE  (from January 1, 2002  to December 31, 2017) was studied. Since 2004, patients have received ultrasound UFH (5000 units twice a day). Since 2014, nebulased UFH has been supplemented with the use of apixaban (10 mg twice a day for 7 days and 5 mg twice a day thereafter). Results and discussion. There is a distinct tendency to the PE hospital mortality decrease, coinciding with the nebulased UFH use (illustrated by a diagram). Neither the systemic bleeding nor the heparin-induced thrombocytopenia were observed. Clinical cases show first reduction of  perfusion disorders are seeing scintigraphicaly in  7  days. Unlike LMWH UFH is recommended in severe kidney damage and obesity, thus ultrasound technique has advantages in such patients. Conclusions. Nebulased UFH is an available, simple, safe and effective in treatmtnt of hemodynamically insignificant PE, especially with the use of apixaban. A real improvement in lung perfusion takes 1 week, as shown scintigraphically.
Glucocorticoids in the combination therapy of COVID-19
Authors: Skvortsov V. V. , Tumarenko A. V. , Malyakina E. A. , Maljakin G. I.
Published: May 2023

Since the early months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the understanding that severe forms of COVID-19 are associated with systemic inflammation has spurred the medical community to greater efforts to evaluate the effect of numerous anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory therapies. Corticosteroids have a broad and non-specific anti-inflammatory action; they can interfere with mRNA transcription of inflammatory cytokines, reducing the production of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, the use of glucocorticoids will reduce the complications caused by the cytokine storm. On the other hand, immunosuppression in the respiratory epithelium may delay viral clearance and predispose to secondary infections and clinical deterioration. Therefore, WHO does not currently recommend the routine use of corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. The RECOVERY study showed a reduction in mortality with dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 hypoxemia, as well as an increase in the number of days without mechanical ventilation among critically ill patients. The REMAP-CAP Committee concluded that among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day course of various hydrocortisone dose versus no hydrocortisone resulted in 93 and 80% chances of eliminating the need for respiratory and cardiac support for 21 days. The results of studies conducted show that there was no statistical difference between steroid use and mortality in patients with COVID-19 in the high dose group, while there was statistical difference in the medium dose group. The less 5 days group showed a strong association between reduced mortality in patients with COVID-19 and steroid use, while there were no statistically significant associations in the 5–7 days group and the more than 7 days group. Inhaled forms of corticosteroids deserve attention given their effectiveness and logical use.
Subpopulation composition of blood NK cells in patients with hepatitis C with genotype 1 or 3
Authors: Tsukanov V. V. , Cherepnin M. A. , Savchenko A. A. , Vasyutin A. V. , Kasparov E. V. , Borisov A. G. , Belenyuk V. D. , Tonkikh Ju. L.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Recently, there  has been increased interest in the role of NK cells in viral hepatitis. An antifibrotic  effect of these cells has been  found, but the causes  of their dysfunction  leading  to the development of liver fibrosis remain unclear.

Aim. To study the  subpopulation composition  of blood NK cells by flow cytometry, depending on the  severity of clinical and morphological manifestations of chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) with genotype  1 or 3.

Materials  and methods.  Clinical, laboratory  examinations, determination of liver fibrosis by elastometry using  the  METAVIR scale and study of the subpopulation composition  of NK cells in the blood by flow cytometry (with definition  of markers CD3, CD16 and CD56) were carried out in 143 patients with CVHC, including 74 patients with genotype  1 and 69 individuals with genotype  3, and in 20 people  of the control group.

Results.  In  patients with  both  CVHC  genotypes 1  and  3, a  significant  decrease in  the  total  content of  NK cells,  CD3-CD16+CD56bright and CD3-CD16+CD56dim subpopulations in the blood among  individuals  with liver fibrosis F3-F4 according  to METAVIR was registered in comparison  with patients with liver fibrosis F0-F1 according  to METAVIR. In patients with CVHC genotype  3, there  was a decrease in the  total  content of NK cells  and  a subpopulation of CD3-CD16+CD56dim in the  blood of individuals  with  a  high  viral  load  compared  to  patients with  a  low  viral  load. This relationship was  not  determined in patients with CVHC genotype  1.

Conclusion. The obtained regularities emphasize the  significant  role  of NK cells  in the  pathogenesis of CVHC and  verify the idea of using NK cells activation  for immunotherapy of liver fibrosis in patients with CVHC.
Telemedicine remote multidisciplinary questionnaire screening as a tool for early detection of chronic non-communicable diseases
Authors: Seliverstov P. V. , Bezruchko D. S. , Vasin A. V. , Grinevich V. B. , Semenov K. P. , Aleshko O. V. , Shapovalov V. V.
Published: May 2023

Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNID) are an important problem for health care worldwide. In this connection, there was a need to develop preventive measures aimed at their early detection and timely correction. Taking into account the available evidence base on the effectiveness of preventive measures to reduce risk factors of CNID, special attention should be paid to people with high risks of their development and patients with an already established diagnosis. To improve the quality of preventive medicine, it is necessary to consistently develop and implement modern technologies aimed at early detection of risk factors at all stages of human life using available tests. To date, remote screening is considered as one of the promising areas of telemedicine technologies, which can be successfully used during medical examinations, medical examinations, etc. We have developed a methodology for telemedicine multidisciplinary remote questionnaire screening of the adult population using a system of analysis of unstructured data for population monitoring of CNID. Our telemedicine program was tested based on the city polyclinic for the first stage of medical examination. Depending on the identified risk factors, it was found that patients with the greatest frequency are concerned about complaints from the endocrine, digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular systems and oncological alertness. The interim results of the study once again show that the transition to new social conditions causes an active destabilization of the physical and psycho-emotional capabilities of the human body, which, under excessive loads, are able to increase the degree of activity of the CNID risk factors.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of cognitive impairment in cerebrovascular pathology and prospects for their correction using nootropic and neuroprotective agents
Authors: Smirnova A. A. , Zhivolupov S. A.
Published: May 2023

The article presents modern ideas about the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders in cerebrovascular pathology at the cellular level. Dysfunction of neurovascular units is associated with impaired microcirculation, hypoxia, deficiency of energy resources, development of neuroinflammation, increased nitric oxide synthesis and oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, intracellular calcium accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, impaired circulation of cerebrovascular fluid, venous outflow from the cranial cavity and utilization of brain metabolic products, including misshaped proteins. The above determines the possibility of the combined development of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, primarily Alzheimer’s disease. Currently, mixed (vascularneurodegenerative) brain damage is considered as the  main cause of  cognitive disorders, which is confirmed by the  data of post-mortem studies. Pathogenetic therapy of dementia with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine does not eliminate the cognitive defect, but only slows down its progression. The impossibility of restoring the premorbid level of daily activity of the patient in the treatment of cognitive impairment at the stage of dementia dictates the need for the use of adjuvant nootropic and neuroprotective agents until the breakdown of the functional reserve, that is, at the stage of moderate cognitive impairment. Nicotinoyl gamma-aminobutyric acid has nootropic, tranquilizing, psychostimulant and antioxidant properties. Studies of the last decade have proven the ability of nicotinoyl gamma-aminobutyric acid to suppress neuroinflammation and apoptosis of  cells of  the central nervous system, increase the  expression of  angiogenic and cytoskeletal proteins, normalize the  permeability of  the blood-brain barrier, which can be used to improve the  function of  neurovascular units and correct vascular-neurodegenerative cognitive impairment. A small number of drug interactions with nicotinoyl gamma-aminobutyric acid allows it to be included in the complex therapy of comorbid patients.
Efficacy and safety of adenotomy in children with persistent allergic rhinitis
Authors: Orlova Yu. E. , Nikiforova G. N. , Gerasimenko M. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. This article analyzes the effectiveness and safety of complex treatment of children with diseases of the lymphoepithelial pharyngeal ring against the background of persistent allergic rhinitis.Objective. Study the efficacy and safety of adenotomy in children with persistent allergic rhinitis.Materials and methods. 124 children participated in the study. Two groups were formed: a control group of children receiving medical treatment and a main group – complex (medical and surgical treatment). When contacting the polyclinic, an examination was carried out by an otorhinolaryngologist. An allergist-immunologist confirmed the diagnosis of persistent allergic rhinitis, assessed the quality of life of children, using a questionnaire for patients with allergic diseases in pediatrics PRQLQ together with an otorhinolaryngologist. The condition of the dental system was evaluated by a pediatric dentist. A pediatrician conducted a physical examination of all children one, three and six months after the start of the study.Results and discussion. After comprehensive (surgical and drug) treatment, children experienced a significant decrease in nasal obstruction, a decrease in the incidence of respiratory diseases, as well as increased physical activity and improved emotional status, inflammatory phenomena in the pharynx and nasopharynx decreased by 70.9% according to visual analog scales compared to the day of discharge from the hospital. Analysis of the results of the study showed that conservative treatment in combination with surgical intervention on the lymphoid structures of the pharynx in the presence of indications in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis is safe and more effective than using only a therapeutic approach.Conclusions. Thus, the preliminary results of the observed period demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of surgical intervention on the lymphoid structures of the pharynx in children with persistent allergic rhinitis. The complex method of treatment of combined pathology is safe and effective and has a beneficial effect on the somatic status and quality of life of children.
Possibilities of personalized pharmacotherapy and medical rehabilitation of patients with long COVID from the perspective of clinical metabolomics
Authors: Kukes I. V. , Lim V. G. , Ivantsov K. A. , Solovyeva E. Yu. , Sokolova L. P. , Gilmutdinova I. R. , Glagovskiy P. B. , Ptitsyn M. S.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The material presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of the drug Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate in  patients with long COVID, based on the  dynamics of  clinical manifestations and metabolomic parameters responsible for the level of oxidative stress. Aim. Evaluation of efficacy and registration of adverse reactions of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate administration to decrease oxidative stress level and reduce symptoms of asthenia and cognitive disorders in patients with long COVID. Materials and methods. 24 patients diagnosed with U09.9 “Condition after COVID-19 unspecified” were included in a non-randomized controlled prospective study, Patients were divided into 2  groups of  12  each. The experimental group received Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate tablets chewable 100 mg in a dosage of 400 mg/day. Clinical assessment by scales (mMRC dyspnea scale; 6-minute walk test  (6MWT); MFI-20  subjective asthenia assessment scale; Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA); Barthel Baseline Functional Activity Rating Scale), and determination of metabolomic parameters were performed on days 1 and 14–18 of the study. Results. Use of the drug ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate in patients with long COVID, led to a decrease in the level of oxidative stress, and normalization of  mitochondrial function, as well as more pronounced improvements of  the clinical picture. According to the scale of evaluation of asthenia (MFI-20) in the group of patients who received ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate improvement of 21% was noted, in the control group improvement of 13% was noted. According to cognitive impairment assessment scale (MoCA), the drug group showed 20% improvement, while the control group showed 12,5% improvement. Conclusion. The drug ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate tablets chewable 100 mg in a dosage of 400 mg/day demonstrates clinical efficacy characterized by, among other things, a decrease in oxidative stress, as well as clinical safety due to the absence of development of adverse reactions in patients with long COVID.
Efficiency of topical bacterial lysates in inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx
Authors: Shakhov A. V. , Krasilnikova S. V.
Published: May 2023

Acute and chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract occupy one of the leading places in the structure of morbidity of the population of the world and remain the most frequent cause of patients seeking medical care. The prevalence and frequency of respiratory infectious diseases make a significant contribution to the structure of the causes of temporary disability, which entails negative socio-economic consequences. Specific attention in the current epidemic season is attracted by the change in the traditional structure of pathogens associated with several strict anti-epidemic measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a decrease in the activity of other pathogens during the active circulation of SARS-CoV-2. In this aspect, the increased resistance of pathogens to etiotropic drugs and insufficiency of the arsenal of pathogenic drugs dictate the need to search for alternative approaches to the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the mouth and throat. The main purpose of non-specific preventive measures of acute and recurrent diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx is to reduce bacterial content of mucous membranes by various pathogens and to activate own protective anti-infective mechanisms. In clinical practice medicines which contain bacterial lysates are considered to be an effective part of treatment of upper respiratory tract’s inflammatory diseases. They allow achieving elimination of a pathogenic organism and also help to restore autoregulation of immune response in the whole organism, reduce the frequency of infectious diseases. Topical bacterial lysates, acting directly in the locus of inflammation, do not harm the human microbiome, have a high safety profile, combine well with other medicines and can be used for patients of different ages. Topical immunotherapy has a significant preventive effect, preventing possible complications and improving the quality of life. The use of Imudon and IRS 19 leads to positive clinical and immunological shifts and promotes the efficiency of rehabilitation and preventive measures.
The experience of using sodium aminodihydrophthalazinedione in the complex treatment of a patient with Ramsey – Hunt syndrome
Authors: Shakhova M. A. , Terentyeva A. B.
Published: May 2023

Ramsey-Hunt syndrome is a rather complex interdisciplinary problem for diagnosis and treatment. Often, diagnosis requires the participation of different specialists: otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists, infectionists. Classic manifestations are quite typical (vesicular rash on the skin of the outer ear, on the eardrum, ear pain and lesion of the mimic muscles as a result of peripheral facial nerve paralysis). However, Hunt himself described various variants of pathological changes of the outer ear and pharynx in combination with lesions of the trigeminal, vestibule-cochlear, glossopharyngeal, abducens and vague nerves. The optic nerve is rarely involved, viral encephalitis and vasculitis of the brain may develop. The literature cites traditional treatment schemes that include a combination of antiviral and glucocorticosteroid drugs. However, the duration of the therapy, specific doses of the drugs continue to be discussed. Untimely initiation of antiviral and corticosteroid therapy and/or inadequately selected dosages provoke the progression of the disease, increase the risk of complications and adverse outcomes. The prognosis gets worse when combined with another pathology (diabetes mellitus, oncopathology, HIV infection). Therefore, the search of new Ramsey-Hunt syndrome’s methods and treatment regimens is essential. We have previously described the use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of this pathology in a patient with a first-time revealed HIV infection. On our opinion, taking into account the herpes-viral etiology of the disease, drugs that have immunomodulatory effect, a protective effect on the affected tissues, regulating the intensity of inflammatory response, can be applied in the therapy of this pathology. The use of the immunomodulatory drug sodium aminodihydrophthalazinedione in complex therapy, especially in patients with a history of aggravating factors, can increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the risk of recurrence.
The Correlation between Self Efficacy with Problem Solving Ability of Student in Studying Ecosystem
Authors: Rasyidina Sumayya Ainur , Suharsono Suharsono , Meylani Vita
Published: May 2023

Students need the ability to explore, think critically and analyze a problem for a logical and appropriate solution. Problem solving abilities accompanied with a belief in their abilities (self efficacy) will maximize student abilities in and get maximum grades. This research aims to analyze the correlation between self efficacy and students' problem-solving abilities in ecosystem material. The method used is a quantitative method with a correlational approach (relationship study). The data collection technique was in the form of a problem-solving ability test in the form of an essay about ecosystem and a self efficacy questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Product Moment correlation test. Based on the results of data analysis and hypothesis testing, a correlation coefficient value of 0.675 was obtained, which means that the correlation coefficient level is strong. It can be concluded that there is a correlation between self efficacy and problem-solving abilities of students in ecosystem material with a strong correlation coefficient.
Potential of Pseudomonas yamanorum for the valorization of municipal biosolids
Authors: Lussier Jordan , Lonappan Linson , Cabana Hubert
Published: May 2023

It is generally accepted that some trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) pass through the wastewater treatment process without being properly treated and find their way into waterbodies. These molecules can also be concentrated within the biosolids (BS) through adsorption. The presence of TrOCs in BS, which are then commonly used as soil amendments in agriculture, may affect plant growth and viability. The potential risks posed by TrOCs are usually ignored because they are present in low concentrations and mostly have relatively short half-lives. However, the continuous addition of these substances in water sources and on farmlands makes them pseudo-persistent. To reduce the concentrations of selected TrOCs from these BS, Pseudomonas yamanorum LBUM636 (PY) was tested with and without a commercial bacterial blend of Bacillus spp. (BC). About 60% removal of atrazine was achieved using PY-amended BS. Bioslurries inoculated with PY had relatively high laccase activity at about 2,200 U/L. Laccase activity was seven times higher in samples where BC was also present, which suggests a synergistic effect between BC and PY. Concentrations of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, an antibiotic with a biopesticide effect, were also relatively important in PY-inoculated bioslurries.
“Hilos y Niveles”. Proceso histórico de la institucionalización de la gestión del territorio urbano en Pereira 1871-1946
Authors: Martínez Botero Sebastián , Correa Ramírez Jhon Jaime
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo se adentra en la historia institucional de la administración pública de Pereira, ciudad intermedia colombiana, a través del seguimiento a la creación de instituciones relacionadas con la regulación y el control en su proceso de expansión. Para cumplir con este propósito, se aplicó una metodología descriptiva a la documentación del Archivo Histórico Municipal de Pereira (AHMP), especialmente a la correspondiente al "Fondo Antiguo Concejo Municipal" y a la serie de "Acuerdos Sancionados", rescatando así fuentes históricas relevantes para comprender las estrategias implementadas para controlar el proceso de expansión urbana. Como resultado del estudio de estas fuentes, se logró identificar que la evolución institucional urbana de Pereira transitó de procesos de inspección, hacia procesos de intervención del territorio. En tal sentido, los funcionarios del siglo XIX cumplieron funciones de “inspección”, pero a partir de la segunda década del siglo XX, los funcionarios municipales intervinieron directamente el territorio por medio de obras públicas y de la planeación de la expansión con la aplicación de instrumentos técnicos como el levantamiento estadístico y de planos. La periodización de tiempo se estableció entre los primeros procesos de institucionalización que se produjeron en 1871, hasta la creación de la Secretaría de Obras Públicas en 1946, previo a la aplicación de ejercicios de planeación más sofisticados como lo fue la oficina del Plan Regulador que tuvo como objetivo la aplicación de un “Plan Piloto” para Pereira. Finalmente, se considera que el artículo es un aporte a la historia urbana de Pereira porque la historiografía de la ciudad no había usado este tipo de fuentes, abriendo así una veta de trabajo para otras investigaciones sobre la ciudad y su historia. De igual manera, sirve de referente para estudios de otras ciudades intermedias colombianas y latinoamericanas que cuenten con fuentes documentales similares.
Un acercamiento a la antropología de Xavier Zubiri
Authors: Jiménez Randall
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo asume la visión antropológica de Xavier Zubiri. Dicha propuesta ha trazado una metafísica de la realidad mundana, asignando un papel central a la persona humana. Por ello es que la realidad demanda una respuesta de la persona, una acción vital. El sujeto ha sido afectado, lo que le implica una “tensión hacia una respuesta adecuada”. La vida en sociedad implica el que la persona se encuentre consigo misma. Esto logra que el ser humano se autoposea, desde el comportamiento cotidiano. El ser humano está abierto desde su propia interioridad a sí mismo y a las cosas. Lo que se quiere es mostrar la importancia de las acciones personales en el devenir de la historia. Según Ellacuría, la sociedad y la historia son los lugares naturales de realización del individuo humano. Lo anterior posibilita que la persona quede abierta a la trascendencia.
Gut-Skin Axis: Unravelling the Link Between Gut Microbiome and
Chronic Kidney Disease-Related Skin Lesions
Authors: Qiao Xiaomei , Kong Kaili , Liu Ting , Jia Yanyan , Fang Jingai , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: May 2023

It is well known that skin lesions are among the most common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which significantly impact the patient's quality of life. Research has demon-strated that gut and skin lesions are closely interconnected and affect each other. This interaction is referred to as the "gut-skin axis" and the intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in this interaction. Changes in gut microbiota composition and function are associated with the development of skin diseases, which are part of the "gut-skin axis". Presently, preliminary results have been demonstrat-ed in basic and clinical research on CKD skin lesions. With further research, the "gut-skin axis" theory can provide new ideas for treating CKD skin lesions and may become a potential treatment target
Numerical Simulation Study on Optimizing the Conical Cutter Bit to
Break Deep Strata
Authors: Li Shibin , Zhu Xiaoxing , Liang Kai , Deng Yuqing , Liu Hegao
Published: May 2023

Background:

Methods that are used to obtain oil and gas resources by penetrating deep strata are gradually being developed. The complex lithology of deep strata causes difficulties for traditional drill bits to cut into the rock effectively, which affects the drilling efficiency.

Objective:

The goal of this work is to optimize the bit structure and design a patented drill bit for more efficient rock breaking.

Methods:

Through a series of tests, the rock mechanics parameters of deep strata in a block of Jilin Oilfield were measured, and the drill bit model XFXR5195 was selected to best match the lithology of the formation by using the Virtual Strength Index and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution. Simulation of the rock breaking process of the conical PDC cutter and cylindrical PDC cutter with the finite element method.

Results:

The simulation results show that the pre-crushing of the conical cutter can effectively reduce the difficulty of the subsequent cylindrical cutter in breaking and cutting rocks under 100 MPa compressive strength rocks; under 50 MPa compressive strength rocks, the combination of the conical cutter and cylindrical cutter are not effective with regards to drilling.

Conclusion:

The conical PDC cutter has a more uniform force range and more concentrated stress on the rock than the cylindrical PDC cutter. The rock-breaking ability of the conical PDC cutter is higher than that of the cylindrical PDC cutter under different compressive strength rocks and especially in high compressive strength rocks.
Present, Past, and Future of Lean Six Sigma Applications: From Evolution
to the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Singh Alok Bihari , Gaurav Gaurav , Sarkar Prabir , Dangayach Govind Sharan , Meena Makkhan Lal
Published: May 2023

Background:

Lean Six Sigma is a fact-based, data-driven approach that avoids mistakes
to improve quality and efficiency. Artificial intelligence (AI) is now evident in lean six sigma applications.
AI waste elimination solutions can eliminate large amounts of waste that LSS could not. In
lean six sigma, six sigma tackles process variance, whereas lean reduces waste to improve process
quality and efficiency.

Objective:

To describe new pieces, trends, and the adoption and implementation of new technologies
like AI by examining the current literature across multiple aspects for a more instructive and
piquant viewpoint.

Methods:

This study is a combination of systematic and bibliometric review, where the systematic
review was based on a class framework by selecting 97 articles from reputed journal databases, and
the bibliometric review was conducted using a VOS viewer and web of science database for a period
of 15 years (2007-2022).

Results:

By describing LSS's historical evolution, major concerns, prevalent research approaches,
and application areas, the study helps practitioners and academics understand its present state for
robust research. AI and other cutting-edge technologies help discover non-value-added operations
that are difficult to recognize manually.

Conclusion:

This study has revealed the critical success factors for deploying LSS in numerous
businesses. The motivations, barriers, and limits in the direction of the application of LSS are also
discussed. The research trends in implementing modern technologies like AI showed a green wave.
Future research may emphasize and dominate LSS implementation issues with modern technologies
like AI.
Recent Advancement in the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Thakur Ajay , Verma Monika , Bharti Ruchi , Sharma Renu
Published: May 2023

Because of its miscellaneous properties, developing less environmentally hazardous and
trustworthy methodologies has become one of the most crucial steps toward synthesizing nanoparticles
(NPs) among researchers and scientists. In this direction, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs or SNPs)
have gained much attention because of their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal
properties, potential toxicity, and unusual physicochemical features. Concerning the toxicity of
silver nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles may prove to be an essential tool against many drugresistant
microorganisms and substitutes for antibiotics. However, the synthesis of AgNPs using
conventional methods had a toxic impact and caused much damage to the ecosystem. Researchers
have used various production techniques to prevent the adverse effects of toxic chemicals, including
algae, bacteria, fungi, and plants. This review study has covered recent advancements in green synthetic
methodologies for synthesizing AgNPs. This insight provides a comprehensive overview of
key findings in the green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and attempts to focus on factors affecting
their synthesis, characterization, applications, potential toxic impact on living organisms, merits/
demerits, and prospects.
Modeling the process of refrigeration effects on food products
Authors: Zhlobo R. A. , Shamarov M. V. , Alyoshin V. I.
Published: May 2023

Objective. The present article discusses the issue of modeling the duration of the refrigeration effect on a food product using the example of raw lean meat.

Method. The duration of the refrigeration effect consists of two stages: cooling and freezing. At the same time, the thermophysical characteristics of products are determined practically on a specialized experimental setup developed in the laboratory of the Department of Technological Equipment and Life Support Systems.

Result. Knowing the technological regimes, it is possible to determine the time spent on cooling and freezing various food products.

Conclusion. This technique can be applied in wide climatic conditions in the production of the Russian Federation on a large scale. If we increase the air speed at the surface of the product to 3 m/s, we will get a reduction in time by 502 s, provided R = 0.015 m and δ = 0.125 m. Having the initial and final conditions, you can quickly determine the duration of the refrigeration exposure, both for raw lean meat, and for any other food products, choosing the optimal one.