bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time 2D Orthomosaic Mapping from Drone-Captured Images Using Feature-Based Sequential Image Registration
Authors: Hwang Se-Yun , Lee Jang Hyun , Ha Chang Su , Yang Minuk , Choi Jae Ho
Published: December 2023

This study presents a method for the rapid and accurate generation of two-dimensional (2D) orthomosaic maps using selected image data collected by drone-captured video. The focus is on developing a real-time method capable of creating maps more quickly than image selection. The scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm is applied to drone images to extract features in various scale regions. For feature point matching, a matching method based on the fast library for approximate nearest neighbors (FLANN) was adopted. A comparison of the computational speed of the FLANN with that of the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and brute force matcher during the matching process revealed FLANN's superior capability for real-time data processing. The random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm was employed to enhance the accuracy of the matching by removing outliers, effectively identifying and eliminating mismatches, and reinforcing the reliability of feature point matching. The combination of SIFT, FLANN, and RANSAC algorithms demonstrates the capacity to process drone-captured image data in real time, facilitating the generation of precise 2D orthomosaic maps. The proposed method was assessed and validated using imagery obtained as the drone executed curvilinear and straight flight paths, confirming its accuracy and operational efficiency concurrently with the image capture process.
Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Aluminium Scrap from End – of – Life Vehicles Modified TiO2 Nanoparticle
Authors: Suciu Ramona – Crina , Avram Simona Elena , Molea Andreia , Varodi Codruta , Tudoran Cristian , Stefan Maria , Popa Adriana , Toloman Dana
Published: December 2023

The recycling of wastes to obtain value-added products is a great challenge in the sustainable economy. In our studies, a mixed precursor containing aluminium scrap from end – of – life vehicles and TiO2 Degussa P25 was used to prepare TiO2 modified Al photocatalyst through solid state reaction. Al scrap and TiO2 Degussa P25 in the ration of n(Ti) / n(Al) = x (x = 0.0 - 2.5%), and acetylacetonate and Tween 80 was mixed under magnetic stirring and sintered using a con-ventional furnance at 550°C. DTA – TG – DTG, X – ray diffraction, Fourier – transform infrared, UV – Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies were assed to investigate the thermal, structural, optical properties and photocatalytic activity. The effect of aluminium concentration on the characteristics of TiO2 Degussa P25 depending on the above instruments are studied. XRD revealed that the materials have crystal structure of anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and aluminium. The opto-electronic properties show that Al addition shifted the absorption spectra toward the visible range. The photocatalytic performance of Al – TiO2 composites was quantified by the degradation of Allura Red solution under a visible condition. The highest photocatalytic activity (79.99%) was achieved for the sample containing 0.5% Al and a higher concentration of Al particles shields the active centres of the semiconductor, thus reducing its photocatalytic activity. Aluminium scrap from end-of-life vehicles can be a source of raw material to be considered in semiconductor production. The spin-trapping technique evidenced that •O2- was the main species generated responsible for the Allura Red degradation.
Polyethylenimine Grafted on Nano-NiFe2O4@SiO2 for the Removal of CrO42‒, Ni2+, and Pb2+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Khalaj Mehdi , Khatami Seyed-Mola , Zarandi Maryam , Anthony Eric Tobechukwu , Klein Axel
Published: December 2023

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) has been reported to have good potential for the adsorption of metal ions. In this work, PEI was covalently bound to NiFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles to form the new adsorbent NiFe2O4@SiO2–PEI. The material allowed magnetic separation and was characterized via powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA). The adsorption of CrO42‒, Ni2+, and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions was studied at different pH, temperatures, metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage. Maximum adsorption capacities of 149.23, 156.68, and 161.25 mg/g were obtained for CrO42‒, Ni2+, and Pb2+, respectively under optimum conditions using 0.075 g of the adsorbent material 250 mg/L ion concentration, at pH = 6.5 and room temperature.
Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Five Different Tests to Diagnose Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Region of Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Dawit , Kiros Yazezew Kebede , Mahmud Mahmud Abdulkader , Schallig Henk , Wolday Dawit
Published: December 2023

The lack of accurate and feasible diagnostic tests poses a significant challenge to visceral leish-maniasis (VL) healthcare services in endemic areas. To date, various VL diagnostic tests have been or are being developed, and their diagnostic performance needs to be assessed.. In the present study, the diagnostic performance of rk39RDT, Direct Agglutination Test (DAT), Microscopy, Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), and miniature direct-on-blood polymerase chain reaction - nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (mini-dbPCR-NALFIA) was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as reference test in an endemic region of Ethiopia. In this study, 235 patients VL suspected patients and 104 non-endemic healthy controls (NEHC) were recruited. Among the VL-suspected patients, 144(61.28%) tested positive with qPCR. Sensi-tivities for rk39 RDT, DAT, Microscopy, LAMP assay, and mini-dbPCR-NALFIA were 88.11%, 96.50%, 76.58%, 94.33%, and 95.80%, respectively. Specificities were 83.33%, 97.96%, 100%, 97.38%, and 98.92% for rk39 RDT, DAT, Microscopy, LAMP assay, and mini-dbPCR-NALFIA, respectively. In conclusion, Rk39 RDT and microscopy exhibited lower sensitivity, while DAT demonstrated excellent performance. LAMP and mini-dbPCR-NALFIA showed excellent perfor-mance with feasibility to implement in remote endemic areas, although the latter requires further evaluation in such regions.
Data-driven Controller for Drivers’ Steering- Wheel Operating Behaviour in Haptic Assistive Driving System
Authors: Noubissie Tientcheu Simplice  Igor , Du Shengzhi , Djouani Karim , Liu Qingxue
Published: December 2023

An advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) is critical to driver-vehicle-interaction systems. Driving behaviour modelling and control significantly improves the global performance of ADAS. A haptic assistive system assists the driver by providing a specific torque on the steering wheel according to the driving-vehicle-road profile to improve the steering control. However, the main problem is designing a compensator dealing with the high-level uncertainties in different driving scenarios with haptic driver assistance, where different personalities and diverse perceptions of drivers are considered. If not properly accounted for, these differences can lead to poor driving performance. This paper focuses on designing a data-driven model-free compensator considering various driving behaviours with a haptic feedback system. A back propagation neural network (BPNN) models driving behaviour based on real driving data (speed, acceleration, vehicle orientation, and current steering angle). Then using the genetic algorithm (GA) and the integral time absolute error (ITEA) criterion to optimize multiple PID compensation parameters for various driving behaviour (such as speeding/braking, lane-keeping and turning), which are then be combined by the fuzzy logic to provide different driving commands. An experiment was conducted with 5 participants in a driving simulator. During the second experiment, seven participants drove in the simulator to evaluate the robustness of the proposed combined GA-PID offline and the Fuzzy-PID controller applied online. The experiment results evaluated the ITAE of lateral displacement and yaw angle, during various driving behaviour. The results validated the proposed method by significantly enhancing the driving performance.
Comparative Study of a Novel Lateral Flow Rapid Test with Conventional Serological Test-Systems for the Diagnosis of Canine Leishmaniosis in Croatia and Brazil
Authors: Mahdavi Rouzbeh , Martinkovic Franjo , Shams-Eldin Hosam , Pereira Ingrid E , Reis Alexandre B , Latz Andreas , Heinz Daniela , Aira Cristina , Fresco-Taboada Alba , Abass Elfadil , Romero Olmedo Jelena , Teixeira Henrique C , Steinhoff Ulrich
Published: December 2023

Control of canine infections with Leishmania infantum (L. infantum), a major zoonotic disease in Brazil and southern Europe is becoming increasingly important due to their close proximity to humans, the increasing import of dogs from endemic regions and impact of climate change on vector spreading. Simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic tests are therefore needed to detect infected dogs.
Here, we re-evaluated different serological methods for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) in Croatia and Brazil. The diagnostic performance of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the VetLine® Leishmania ELISA was compared with three rKLi8.3 based diagnostic test systems, the rKLi8.3 ELISA, the INgezim® Leishma CROM lateral flow test (LFT) and the VetBlot® Leishmania LineBlot.
CanL symptomatic dogs were efficiently diagnosed by all tests, except the VetLine® Leishmania ELISA, which is based on whole Leishmania antigens. The advantage of rKLi8.3 was also observed in oligo-and asymptomatic dogs from Brazil and Croatia, although with reduced diagnostic efficiency compared to symptomatic dogs. Similar to IFAT and rKLi8.3 ELISA, the LFT did not cross-react with other common canine pathogens, showed a very high specificity for healthy dogs from endemic regions of both countries and did not react with healthy, vaccinated dogs in Brazil.
In conclusion, sero-diagnostic tests based on the rKLi8.3 antigens are superior to whole parasite antigens and the LFT has the advantage of providing a laboratory independent, rapid and specific diagnosis of CanL.
Spatial and Temporal Deposition Rate of Beach Litter in Cadiz Bay (SW Spain)
Authors: Ciufegni Elisabetta , Anfuso Giorgio , Gutiérrez Romero Julia Cristina , Asensio-Montesinos Francisco , Rodríguez Castle Christian , González Carlos J. , Álvarez Oscar
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution of litter at 7 beach sectors in Cadiz Bay, Southwest Spain. Two ten-day surveys carried out in autumn 2022 and spring 2023 revealed a total of 4,199 and 4,634 items, respectively, with plastic being the predominant material (71.13% in autumn, 88.39% in spring). Litter quantities varied significantly among beaches, La Puntilla showing the highest abundance with 0.48 ± 0.25 items m-1 in autumn and 1.34 ± 0.61 items m-1 in spring. The lowest abundance was recorded at sector 1 of Valdelagrana beach (0.08 ± 0.06 items m-1) during autumn and at El Castillito beach (0.08 ± 0.04 items m-1) during spring. Statistical analyses did not reveal significant differences in litter quantities between autumn and spring, however high significant interaction was shown considering both season and beach lo-cation. Seasonal differences were also observed in litter composition. Litter categories increased from 90 in autumn to 107 in spring. The top 10 litter categories varied between seasons and included cigarette butts, plastic fragments and plastic packaging. Cigarette butts were principally abundant in autumn because re-lated to summer beach users and wet wipes were particularly observed in spring because linked to wastewaters and river discharges especially relevant in winter months. Hydrodynamic and wind conditions were analyzed, revealing complex relationships with litter abundance.
Investigating the Association Between Serum Biomarkers and Neonatal Sepsis in Newborns with Premature Rupture of Membranes: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hincu Maura Adelina , Zonda Gabriela Ildiko , Vicoveanu Petronela , Harabor Valeriu , Harabor Anamaria , Cărăuleanu Alexandru , Melinte-Popescu Alina-Sinziana , Melinte-Popescu Marian , Mihalceanu Elena , Stuparu Cretu Mariana , Vasilache Ingrid Andrada , Nemescu Dragos , Paduraru Luminita
Published: December 2023

(1) Background: Neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) is associated with important mortality and morbidity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between serum biomarkers with early onset neonatal sepsis in a cohort of patients with prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM), and to calculate their diagnostic accuracy. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1355 newborns with PROM admitted between January 2017 and March 2020, who were divided in two groups: group A, with PROM ≥ 18 hours and group B, with PROM < 18 hours. Both groups were further split into subgroups: proven sepsis, probable sepsis and no sepsis. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis, and a Random Effects Generalized Least Squares (GLS) regression were used to evaluate the data. (3) Results: The statistically significant predictors of neonatal sepsis were the high white blood cells count from the first (p = 0.005) and third day (p = 0.028), and high CRP values from the first day (p = 0.004). Procalcitonin (area under the curve - AUC = 0.78) and CRP (AUC = 0.76) measured on the first day had the best predictive performance for early onset neonatal sepsis. (4) Conclusions: Further studies are needed to explore other bi-omarkers of sepsis in both pregnant women and newborns to better predict EOS.
Dynamic and Thermodynamic Contributions to Rainfall Changes in the Congo Basin: Evaluation of the Impact of an RCM's formulation
Authors: Tamoffo Alain T. , Dosio Alessandro , Weber Torsten , Vondou Derbetini A.
Published: December 2023

Addressing the impacts of climate change requires, first of all, understanding the mechanisms driving changes, especially at regional scale. In particular, policymakers and other stakeholders need physically robust climate change information to drive societal responses to a changing climate. In this study, we analyse the late 21st century precipitation projections (2071-2100) over the Congo Basin under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, from the Rossby Centre Regional Climate Model (RCM) RCA4. In particular, we examine the impact of the RCM formulation (reduction of turbulent mixing) on future projections, by comparing the results of the modified version (RCA4-v4) with those of the standard version (RCA4-v1) used in CORDEX (Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment). The two RCM versions are driven by two global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). Results show that seasonal precipitation is largely affected by modifications in the atmospheric column moisture convergence or divergence, in turn, associated with dynamic and thermodynamic effects. Projected decreased precipitation in the dry seasons is associated with an increased moisture divergence, driven by dynamic effects (changes in circulation). Precipitation is projected to overall increase in the wet seasons, related to both dynamic and thermodynamic effects, but with larger thermodynamic contribution (changes in specific humidity). By comparing the two model versions, we found that the formulation strongly influences precipitation projections as well as the boundary conditions (driving GCM). This result could be very informative in view to ensure models fitness for the purpose of future projections for decision-makers.
Application of Probiotics in Aquaculture to Improve Growth and Health Performances of Nile tilapia
Authors: Karssa Tiruha , Sodeno Maekel , Workagen Kassaye , Pavanasam Natarajan , Gada And Tasfaye
Published: December 2023

This research was aimed to apply probiotics in aquaculture to improve fish health and growth performances of Nile tilapia. Fingerlings with a mean initial body weight of 11.43±1.27 and mean initial body length of 6.2±0.84 were stocked in 12 happas. Fish were fed four times daily with four different diets having 30% crude protein at 5% of their body weight and reared for two months. The four diets were control diet, diets treated with Saccharomyces cervisiae, Lactobacillus fermentum and their combinations at a dosage of (1.5×108CFU/ml). Growth performance and gut pathogenic microbial of fish were investigated. Accordingly results indicated that the highest performance interims of body weight gain (33.43±1.65g), daily growth rate (0.51±0.05g), feed conversion ratio (1.89±0.10), and protein efficiency ratio (1.78±0.09) was achieved in fish fed with L. fermentum whereas, the lowest performance (19.83±2.23, 0.33±0.04, 3.52±0.39, and 0.97±0.11) respectively was achieved in fish fed with control diet. Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli and, Proteus were detected in gut of fish. In conclusion, the present study confirmed that Nile tilapia fed with probiotics Lac-tobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae based diets improved growth and health of Nile tilapia reared under pond culture condition.
PENGGUNAAN ISOTONIK ALAMI UNTUK BURUNG PUYUH (CORTUNIX CORTUNIX JAPONICA) PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PROFIL LEMAK DARAH DAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TELUR
Authors: Frasiska Nurul , Rahayu Novia
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan isotonik alami (sari jeruk nipis, ekstrak seledri dan gula) untuk ternak unggas (Burung Puyuh) yang mampu mengatasi cekaman panas (Heat Stress) dengan dosis yang tepat serta melihat apakah pemberian isotonik alami ini mampu memperbaiki profil lemak darah puyuh yang meliputi kadar kolesterol darah, LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), HDL (High Density Lipoprotein), dan kadar trigliserida darah serta kadar kolesterol telur puyuh. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan antara lain T0 yaitu perlakuan air minum tanpa dosis isotonik, T1 menggunakan 10% infusa seledri + 2% sari jeruk nipis + 2% gula, T2 menggunakan 20% ekstrak seledri + 2% sari jeruk nipis + 2% gula, T3 30% ekstrak seledri + 2% sari jeruk nipis + 2% gula. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolesterol darah dan LDL secara signifikan berbeda (P<0,05) pada T2. Kadar HDL mengalami kenaikan dan Triliserida darah menunjukkan penurunan pada T2 namun tidak signifikan (P>0,05). Kadar kolesterol telur puyuh juga mengalami penurunan pada T2 namun tidak signifikan (P>0,05).
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN ALBENDAZOL DAN IVERMECTIN TERHADAP CACING SALURAN PENCERNAAN SAPI BALI
Authors: Putri Rista Ranggalan , Ningrum Adek Livia Yunita , Septiyani Erlina , Kholik Kholik
Published: December 2023

Salah satu permasalahan pada peternak sapi Bali di Pulau Lombok adalah tingginya prevalensi infeksi cacing saluran pencernaan yang dapat disebabkan oleh kurang efektifnya pemberian anthelmintik dan terdapatnya resistensi cacing terhadap anthelmintik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian Albendazole dan Ivermectin pada kasus kecacingan pada sapi Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2019 menggunakan 18 ekor sapi Bali yang dipilih secara acak dari 200 ekor sapi di Kelompok Tani Ternak Menemeng (KT2M) yang terletak Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dengan kriteria jantan, umur 2-3 tahun, memiliki nilai 500 EPG (Eggs Per Gram of Faeces) dan dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok 1 tidak diberikan obat cacing, Kelompok 2 diberikan Albendazole dengan dosis 15 mg/kg BB, dan Kelompok 3 diberikan Ivermectin dengan dosis 0,2 mg/kg BB. Efektifitas obat cacing dinilai dengan Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) setelah 14 hari pemberian obat cacing melalui nilai EPG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang sangat nyata (p<0,05) pada setiap perlakuan terhadap nilai EPG. Hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa Ivermectin merupakan obat yang paling efektif menurunkan kecacingan berdasarkan EPG dengan nilai 33,3±40,8 yang sebelum pengobatan adalah 625,0±93,5. Nilai FECRT setelah 14 hari pemberian menunjukkan bahwa Ivermectin lebih efektif dalam mengobati kecacingan dan dapat menurunkan nilai EPG hingga 95,3% dibandingkan dengan Albendazole 75,2%.
PENGARUH METODE SKARIFIKASI SECARA MEKANIK TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI LAMTORO TARRAMBA (Leucaena leucocephala cv. Tarramba)
Authors: Kolly Serina Wasti , Lapenangga Thomas , Vertygo Stormy
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji metode skarifikasi mekanik terbaik dalam memacu perkecambahan biji lamtoro tarramba (Leucaena leucocephala cv.. tarramba) yang diperoleh dari kecamatan Amarasi Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Dilaksanakan di UPT-Kewirausahaan Oesao, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang, penelitian ini berlangsung dari September – Oktober 2021 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan perlakuan yang dilakukan yaitu: Tanpa Skarifikasi (P0), skarifikasi menggunakan gunting kuku di bagian ujung atas biji lamtoro (P1), skarifikasi di bagian ujung atas dan ujung bawah biji lamtoro (P2), di bagian ujung bawah bijil lamtoro (P3), dan skarifikasi di bagian samping kiri dan kanan biji lamtoro (P4). Parameter yang diukur adalah persentase perkecambahan, rerataan laju perkecambahan dan rerataan waktu awal perkecambahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa skarifikasi biji lamtoro tarramba secara mekanik menggunakan gunting kuku berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap persentase perkecambahan dengan rata-rata P0 (0.14%), P1 (0,64%), P2 (0,42%), P3 (0,30%), P4 (0,66%). Rerataan laju perkecambahan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan rata-rata P0 (0,11 biji/hari), P1 (0,32 biji/hari), P2 (0,49 biji/hari), P3 (0,12 biji/hari), P4 (0,73 biji/hari). Rerataan waktu awal Perkecambahan juga berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan rata-rata P0 (9,50 hari), P1 (5,68 hari), P2 (4,07 hari), P3 (9,65 hari), P4 (3,70 hari). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa skarifikasi secara mekanik menggunakan gunting kuku berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap perkecambahan biji lamtoro tarramba dengan perlakuan P3 menghasilkan perkecambahan biji lamtoro tarramba terbaik.
Kadar Serat Kasar dan Protein Kasar Kulit Buah Kakao yang Difermentasi Secara Bertingkat Menggunakan Trichoderma viride dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Bahari Intan Kembang , Iriyanti Ning , Widiyastuti Titin
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji pengaruh fermentasi bertingkat pada kulit buah kakao menggunakan T. viride dan S. cerevisiae serta level terbaik dalam menurunkan kadar serat kasar dan meningkatkan kadar protein kasar kulit buah Kakao. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan ialah penggunaan isolat T. viride dan S. cerevisiae dengan level bertingkat pada proses fermentasi kulit buah kakao yaitu masing-masing R0 : kulit buah kakao tanpa fermentasi, R1 : kulit buah kakao yang difermentasi isolat 4%, R2 : kulit buah kakao yang difermentasi isolat 8%, R3 : kulit buah kakao yang difermentasi isolat 12%. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Orthogonal Polynomial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar serat kasar dan protein kasar kulit buah kakao secara nyata mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan peningkatan level isolat yang digunakan. Pola peningkatan kadar serat kasar mengikuti persamaan Y=32,76+1,89X-0,28X2+0,015X3, koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,9988 dan koefisien determinasi (R²) = 99,75%, sementara kadar protein kasar mengikuti persamaan Y=8,17+0,66X-0,012X2-0,002X3, koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,9994 dan koefisien determinasi (R²) = 99,88%. Penggunaan T. viride dan S. cerevisiae yang optimal dalam fermentasi kulit buah kakao adalah pada level mikroba 8,4% menghasilkan kandungan serat kasar sebesar 38,09% dan protein kasar sebesar 11,6%.
PENGGUNAAN KACANG PINTO (Arachis pintoi) SEBAGAI BIOMULSA PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN JAGUNG
Authors: Insani Andi Nur
Published: December 2023

Kehadiran gulma sering dialami oleh petani dalam pengembangan tanaman jagung sebagai bahan pakan. Gulma dapat berkompetisi dengan tanaman dalam memperebutkan sarana tumbuh dan juga merugikan petani karena dapat menurunkan kualitas produk pertanian, mengganggu proses produksi seperti pemupukan dan pemanenan, serta sebagai tempat sembunyinya hama dan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tanaman penutup tanah kacang Pinto (Arachis pintoi) sebagai biomulsa pada pertanaman jagung pakan. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 3 kelompok ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut terdiri dari P0: Jagung 100%; P1: Jagung 80% + Legum 20%; P2 : Jagung 50% + Legum 50% ; P3 : Jagung 20% + Legum 80%; P4 : Legum 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata pertumbuhan tanaman legum Arachis pintoi sebagai biomulsa terhadap produksi tanaman jagung yang terdiri dari berat segar 332,72 kg/petak, jumlah buah 1.85 kg, dan produksi biji 113.72 kg/petak. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap semua parameter. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Arachis pintoi sebagai biomulsa pada budidaya tanaman jagung tidak memberi efek yang optimal dari segi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman Arachis pintoi akan tetapi dari segi produksi relatif menguntungkan untuk dijadikan pakan ternak.
Interactive Multimedia Development with CSCL Learning Strategy Assisted by Concept Map for Concept Understanding of Elementary School Students
Authors: Mei Robbych Dewanti Wulan , Kuswandi Dedi , Praherdhiono Henry
Published: December 2023

Elementary School students are Alpha generation children who understand technology. With today's increasingly rapid technological developments, concept maps can be used to support learning with computer technology by utilizing the CSCL model so that students can interact and collaborate anytime and anywhere online. For this reason, interactive multimedia development was carried out with CSCL learning strategies assisted by Concept Map for concept understanding of elementary school students. This development research aims to produce interactive multimedia to improve the understanding of grade 5 elementary school students in aspects of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. We use the Lee & Owens model to test the product's feasibility. In addition, to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of grade 5 elementary school students, an N-Gain Score normality test and a hypothesis test were carried out using paired sample t-test on pretest and post-test value data. The developed product is interactive multimedia with CSCL learning strategies assisted by Concept Map, and it is equipped with content in the form of reading materials, learning videos, and evaluation tests. The results of interactive multimedia validation produce excellent criteria based on material aspects, learning media aspects, and learning design. The response of grade 5 elementary school students received excellent criteria for the feasibility of multimedia learning as a learning medium. Based on the results of statistical tests, it was concluded that there was an increase in learning outcomes after using interactive multimedia with CSCL learning strategies assisted by Concept Map.
DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROL LAWS OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FOR PERFORMING GROUP FLIGHT AT THE STRAIGHT-LINE HORIZONTAL FLIGHT STAGE
Authors: Barabash Oleg , Kyrianov Artemii
Published: December 2023

The article proposes an improved approach to controlling groups of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) aimed at increasing the overall efficiency and flexibility of the control process. The use of a heterogeneous external field, which varies both in magnitude and direction, allows achieving greater adaptability and accuracy in controlling a group of UAVs. A vector field for unmanned aerial vehicles determines the direction and intensity of the vehicles' movement in space. Such vector fields can be used to develop UAV control laws, including determining optimal flight paths, controlling speed, avoiding obstacles, and ensuring coordination of a group of UAVs. The subject of the study is the methods of controlling groups of autonomous UAVs, where each vehicle may have different speeds and flight directions. To solve this problem, various methods of using a heterogeneous field have been developed and proposed. Instead of using a homogeneous field that provides a constant flight speed, a vector field is used that adapts to different conditions and characteristics of the vehicles in the group. This method allows for effective group management, ensuring the necessary coordination and interaction between the vehicles. An analysis of recent research and publications in the field of autonomous system control indicates the feasibility of using machine learning, vector fields, and a large amount of data to successfully coordinate the movement of autonomous systems. These approaches make it possible to create efficient and reliable control systems. The aim of the study is to develop laws for controlling the movement of a group of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles at the stage of straight-line horizontal flight based on natural analogues to improve the efficiency and reliability of their coordinated movement in different conditions. The main conclusions of the research are that the proposed method of controlling groups of UAVs based on a heterogeneous field can be implemented. It takes into account a variety of vehicle characteristics and environmental conditions that are typical for real-world use scenarios. This work opens up prospects for further improving the management of UAV groups and their use in various fields of activity. The article emphasises the relevance of technology development for autonomous unmanned systems, especially in the context of autonomous transport systems.
Complex Odontoma Associated with Impacted Teeth and Supernumerary Tooth
Authors: Krasniqi Vjosa , Reçica Bylbyl , Perjuci Ferjall , Ahmedi Jehon
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to present the case of supernumerary teeth and complex odontoma. It highlights the debate about odontomas, the most common benign tumors of odontogenic origin. Due to their hamartomatous characteristics, they are usually asymptomatic but can cause impaction of one or more teeth. Microscopically, they comprise all the tissue types found in a developed tooth. Here, we report a case of complex odontoma associated with impacted teeth and a supernumerary tooth, followed by bony expansion and failure of eruption in a 15-year-old boy.
Estratégias de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS) para medicamentos para doenças raras: uma revisão rápida de escopo
Authors: Nascimento Lyon Richardson da Silva , Andrade Marcelo Cunha de , Zimmermann Ivan
Published: December 2023

A Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS) considera os domínios de benefícios clínicos, perfil epidemiológico, inovação, custo-efetividade, ética e de equidade no processo de decisão dos gestores em saúde. No contexto dos medicamentos para doenças raras, é desafiador o trabalho da ATS, dada a baixa disponibilidade de evidências robustas e o alto custo unitário das tecnologias. O objetivo da revisão foi analisar as estratégias disponíveis de avaliação das demandas de incorporação de medicamentos para o tratamento de doenças raras em sistemas de saúde. Foi realizada uma revisão rápida com busca estruturada na base de dados MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library e Health Systems Evidence. Incluíram-se estudos sobre estratégias de avaliação de medicamentos utilizados para tratamento de doenças raras. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas buscas nas Agências de ATS do Brasil, Austrália, Nova Zelândia, Canadá, Reino Unido, França, Estados Unidos e Alemanha. A síntese dos resultados foi qualitativa com o agrupamento dos achados nos seguintes eixos temáticos: Segurança e efetividade, Custo-efetividade, Impacto orçamentário e Perspectiva da sociedade. Foram identificadas 267 publicações, sendo selecionadas 16 das bases de dados indexadas e 7 da literatura cinzenta. Com a análise dos documentos, pode-se concluir que a adoção de critérios específicos harmonizada com o atual modelo de ATS é um possível caminho a ser seguido no contexto dos medicamentos para doenças raras. Concomitante a isso, abordagens no sentido de incentivo a pesquisa e produção de dados de mundo real e a criação de comitês específicos para tratativa do tema nas agências de ATS apresentam-se como alternativa para lidar com as fragilidades no contexto de doenças raras.
Robust Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on RSA via DCT by Using an Advanced Logic Design Approach
Authors: Jabbar Khalid Kadhim , Ghozzi Fahmi , Fakhfakh Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Information security in data storage and transmission is increasingly important. On the other hand, images are used in many procedures. Therefore, preventing unauthorized access to image data is crucial by encrypting images to protect sensitive data or privacy. The methods and algorithms for masking or encoding images vary from simple spatial-domain methods to frequency-domain methods, which are the most complex and reliable. In this paper, a new cryptographic system based on the random key generator hybridization methodology by taking advantage of the properties of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to generate an indefinite set of random keys and taking advantage of the low-frequency region coefficients after the DCT stage to pass them to a subsystem consisting of an Reversible Logic Gate (RLG) group to obtain the secret keys that are passed to Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) to finish encrypting the image. The results indicate that the proposed method has the ability to generate a very large set of highly complex and secure secret keys that can be used later in the encryption stage. Moreover, the number and complexity of those keys will change each time the image is changed, and this represents the contribution of the proposed method. They experienced no time loss throughout the encryption and decryption processes when using RLG, which indicates that the proposed system did a good job in making different keys from the same image. And it differs in the strength of the key from one image to another, depending on the nature of the color imge.
Processing of Polymers Stress Relaxation Curves Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Chepurnenko Anton S. , Kondratieva Tatiana N. , Al-Wali Ebrahim
Published: December 2023

Currently, one of the topical areas of application of machine learning methods is the prediction of material characteristics. The aim of this work is to develop machine learning models for determining the rheological properties of polymers from experimental stress relaxation curves. The paper presents an overview of the main directions of metaheuristic approaches (local search, evolutionary algorithms) to solving combinatorial optimization problems. Metaheuristic algorithms for solving some important combinatorial optimization problems are described, with special emphasis on the construction of decision trees. A comparative analysis of algorithms for solving the regression problem in CatBoost Regressor has been carried out. The object of the study is the generated data sets obtained on the basis of theoretical stress relaxation curves. Tables of initial data for training models for all samples are presented, a statistical analysis of the characteristics of the initial data sets is carried out. The total number of numerical experiments for all samples was 346020 variations. When developing the models, CatBoost artificial intelligence methods were used, regularization methods (Weight Decay, Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization, Augmentation) were used to improve the accuracy of the model, and the Z-Score method was used to normalize the data. As a result of the study, intelligent models were developed to determine the rheological parameters of polymers included in the generalized non-linear Maxwell-Gurevich equation (initial relaxation viscosity, velocity modulus) using generated data sets for the EDT-10 epoxy binder as an example. Based on the results of testing the models, the quality of the models was assessed, graphs of forecasts for trainees and test samples, graphs of forecast errors were plotted. Intelligent models are based on the CatBoost algorithm and implemented in the Jupyter Notebook environment in Python. The constructed models have passed the quality assessment according to the following metrics: MAE, MSE, RMSE, MAPE. The maximum value of model error predictions was 0.86 for the MAPE metric, and the minimum value of model error predictions was 0.001 for the MSE metric. Model performance estimates obtained during testing are valid.
Red Ginger's Anti-Anxiety Effect on BALB/c Strain Mice (Mus musculus) Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Measurements as Anxiety Model
Authors: Dania Ira Aini , Rambe Aldy Safruddin , Harahap Urip , Effendy Elmeida , Wahmurti Tuti , Ilyas Syafruddin , Rusda Muhammad , Amin Mustafa Mahmud
Published: December 2023

There is a correlation between the occurrence of anxiety and the production of inflammatory mediators, and red ginger rhizome is a well-known herbal product with a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can be used as anti-inflammatories and antioxidants. The aim of study to evaluate the effect of red ginger as antianxiety in mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain by measuring levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10.  Anxiety model mice were carried out by giving treatment with the Forced Swimming Test (FST) for 7 days then assessed by carrying out the Elevated Plus Maze for Mice (EPM) test for one day. After the treatment, the anxiety mice model was made, followed by administration of red ginger ethanol extract therapy for 14 days. The distribution of the experimental animal model groups was divided into control groups (KN, K-, K+) and treatment groups (P, P2, P3).There was a significant difference the decreased of the TNF-α levels at the all of treatment groups with red ginger rhizome extract (P1, P2, P3) compared with the control groups (KN, K-) (p<0.05), the significantly decreased of IL-6 levels in the three doses treatment group (P1, P2, P3) compared to the control group (K-, K+) (p <0.05) and an increase in IL-10 levels in the 50 mg treatment group compared to group K -, statistically not significant (p>0.05).In overall, this study suggests that FST stimulation will create anxiety symptoms and behavior as well as impact cytokine levels, namely elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Giving red ginger ethanol extract has the potential to be researched further for reducing anxiety symptoms because it can block pro-inflammatory cytokines by significantly decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and increased IL-10 cytokines a brief abstract about your paper’s subject of study.
Soluções e realizações em projeto de extensão na área de refrigeração e climatização executado durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Albuquerque Buarque de Assuncao Rodolfo , Ramos Thales Augusto de Oliveira , Daniele Barros de Souza Carla , Da Silva Rocha Jônatas
Published: December 2023

Durante a execução do projeto de extensão “Popularização do conhecimento de refrigeração e climatização para a comunidade do município e região”, foram feitas adaptações de todas as metas e atividades devido ao isolamento causado pela pandemia da covid-19, não previsto no momento da submissão do trabalho. Diante do desafio de realizar as ações remotamente, a busca por soluções que contornassem os problemas do trabalho à distância e resultassem, de fato, na popularização do conhecimento de refrigeração e climatização, para um público maior, já que se passou a produzir conteúdos digitais e para plataformas on-line, foi um esforço sobressalente que todos os envolvidos tiveram que suplantar. Nesse sentido, o compartilhamento de arquivos utilizando ferramentas computacionais foi essencial para o avanço nas metas. Os discentes, principais atores desse processo, aprenderam e aprimoraram seus conhecimentos de refrigeração e climatização, além de suas habilidades com edição e gravação de vídeos e também com escrita e normatização de textos já que produziram apresentações para gravação de videoaulas e uma apostila com quatorze capítulos sobre o tema do projeto. Os docentes, por sua vez, tiveram que lidar com aulas remotas e orientações do projeto a distância, procurando uma condução que respeitasse o cronograma de atividades previsto. Portanto, a distância física, por um lado, dificultou a contemplação dos objetivos, mas, por outro, proporcionou aprendizado adicional, já que houve uso massivo de ferramentas virtuais como Canva, aplicativos do Google, pacote Office, dentre outros que contribuem para a formação docente e discente.
A importância da extensão universitária para o enfrentamento ao trabalho escravo contemporâneo
Authors: Gonzaga Bittencourt Luciana
Published: December 2023

O presente ensaio teórico tem como objetivo principal refletir sobre a importância da extensão universitária como meio de enfrentamento ao trabalho escravo contemporâneo, crime previsto no artigo 149 do Código Penal Brasileiro. Apontamos que esse crime está presente no mundo como parte estrutural do capitalismo, ao explorar o máximo da força de trabalho para obtenção da mais valia, retirando-se os diversos direitos dos trabalhadores. A metodologia foi construída a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais com ênfase na relação de exploração entre trabalho e o capital para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico brasileiro baseado em capitalismo dependente e periférico, além de apresentar resultados de um projeto de extensão. Apresenta, ainda, um panorama sobre a importância da mobilização social e de ações de comunicação desenvolvidas por diferentes organizações que integram a rede de enfrentamento ao trabalho escravo contemporâneo do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Aponta-se que é necessária a promoção de ações de conscientização dos trabalhadores em maior situação de vulnerabilidade, a partir da articulação de diferentes sujeitos para erradicar esse crime, incluindo ações de extensão desenvolvidas por universidades públicas.
Rapid and accurate multi-phenotype imputation for millions of individuals
Authors: Fang Ming , Gu Lin-Lin , Wu Hong-Shan , Zhang Yong-Jie , Liu Tian-Yi , He Jing-Cheng , Liu Xiaolei , Chen Guo-Bo , Jiang Dan
Published: December 2023

Deep phenotyping can enhance the power of genetic analysis such as genome-wide association study (GWAS), but recurrence of missing phenotypes compromises the potentials of such resources. Although many phenotypic imputation methods have been developed, accurate imputation for millions of individuals still remains extremely challenging. In the present study, leveraging efficient machine learning (ML)-based algorithms, we developed a novel multi-phenotype imputation method based on mixed fast random forest (PIXANT), which is several orders of magnitude in runtime and computer memory usage than the state-of-the-art methods when applied to the UK Biobank (UKB) data and scalable to cohorts with millions of individuals. Our simulations with hundreds of individuals showed that PIXANT was superior to or comparable to the most advanced methods available in terms of accuracy. We also applied PIXANT to impute 425 phenotypes for the UKB data of 277,301 unrelated white British citizens and performed GWAS on imputed phenotypes, and identified a 15.6% more GWAS loci than before imputation (8,710 vs 7,355). Due to the increased statistical power of GWAS, a certain proportion of novel genes were rediscovered, such as RNF220, SCN10A and RGS6 that affect heart rate, demonstrating the use of imputed phenotype data in a large cohort to discover novel genes for complex traits.
Oncomelania lorelindoensis: the intermediate host of Sulawesi’s Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Nelwan Martin
Published: December 2023

Purpose: In this study, I report a study of the genus Oncomelania focused on Schistosoma japonicum and Oncomelania lorelindoensis as the intermediate hosts of Sulawesi schistosomiasis japonica, their distributions in Sulawesi, and the control of O. lorelindoensis.
Principal results: Proto-Oncomelania originated in eastern Indonesia, Sulawesi. It spread to the Philippines, Japan and then gave rise to Oncomelania. It is the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. The genus Oncomelania comprises five species: Oncomelania hupensis, O. lorelindoensis (formerly O. hupensis lindoensis), O. minima, O. robertsoni, and O. quadrasi. Oncomelania lorelindoensis is the intermediate host of Sulawesi S. japonicum. It occurs in and around Lore Lindu National Park: the Bada Valley, the Lindu Valley, and the Napu Valley, Central Sulawesi. This organism may have prevailed in the Kulawi Valley and the Palu Valley of Central Sulawesi Province. Control of O. lorelindoensis can use mechanic techniques, molluscicides, and genetic manipulation techniques.
Conclusions: Oncomelania lorelindoensisoccurs in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: the Bada Valley, the Lindu Valley, and the Napu Valley. It may also have expanded to other areas around Lore Lindu National Park. This organism is the intermediate host of Sulawesi S. japonicum.
Glycolysis-mTORC1 crosstalk drives rapid proliferation in patient-derived endometrial cancer spheroids with ALDH activity
Authors: Ishiguro Tatsuya , Ueda Haruka , Mori Yutaro , Yamawaki Kaoru , Enomoto Takayuki , Yoshihara Kosuke , Okamoto Koji
Published: December 2023

Cancer stem cells are associated with aggressive phenotypes of malignant tumors. A prominent feature of uterine endometrial cancer is the activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. Herein, we present variations in sensitivities to a PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 inhibitor among in vitro endometrial cancer stem cell-enriched spheroid cells from clinical specimens. Intriguingly, the in vitro sensitivity mirrored effects observed in in vivo spheroid-derived xenograft tumor models. Our findings reveal a complementary suppressive effect on endometrial cancer spheroid cell growth when aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and PI3K-Akt inhibitors are combined. In the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 signaling cascade, the influence of ALDH on mTORC1 is partially channeled through retinoic acid-induced lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) activation. LDHA inhibition was found to reduce endometrial cancer cell growth, paralleling the effects of mTORC1 inhibition. Building upon our prior findings highlighting ALDH-driven glycolysis through GLUT1 in uterine endometrial cancer spheroid cells, curbing mTORC1 bolstered glucose transport via GLUT1 activation. Notably, elevated LDHA expression correlated with adverse clinical survival and escalated tumor grade, especially in advanced stages. Collectively, our findings emphasize the pivotal role of ALDH-LDHA-mTORC1 cascade in the proliferation of endometrial cancer. Targeting the intricate interplay between mTORC1 and ALDH-influenced glycolysis could pave the way for novel strategies to combat this aggressive cancer.