bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philip Goff’s Cosmopsychism
Authors: Parrish Stephen E. ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

In two books and several articles Philip Goff has developed a panpsychist theory. Recently, he has put forth a version which he calls cosmopsychism. Rejecting both perfect being theism (PBT) and physicalism, according to cosmopsychism, there is a unitary mind that is not only the cause of the universe, but in a sense is the universe. In this essay I critique Goff’s theory, arguing that it is not simpler than PBT, and that it fails to make important issues clear. I conclude that Goff’s theory is a version of theism but fails to be a plausible alternative to PBT.
Introduction to a Symposium on Love Divine
Authors: Wong Kevin W. ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

In this essay, I introduce the symposium on Jordan Wessling’s book, Love Divine: A Systematic Account of God’s Love for Humanity, by discussing its origin as a book panel, providing the context for the significance of Wessling’s contribution, and previewing the essays that follow.
A Précis of Love Divine: A Systematic Account of God’s Love for Humanity
Authors: Wessling Jordan ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

To set the stage for the symposium on my monograph, Love Divine: A Systematic Account of God’s Love for Humanity, I present the purpose of this manuscript and summarize its main themes and chapters. Additionally, to orient readers to the wider literature in which Love Divine is situated, I respond to recent reviews of Love Divine and mention some of the most significant challenges to the book raised so far by those not represented within the symposium.
Loving Creatures
Authors: Kieser Ty ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

Wessling’s treatment of divine love raises several questions for systematic consideration. My goal here is to articulate some of these questions and their rationale insofar as they relate to the Creator-creature distinction. I begin with the nature of “creaturely love,” with its material content and methodological contours in Wessling’s account. Then I move to questions about the Creator’s love with regard to divine aseity. Finally, I ask about the Creator’s relationship to creatures in the hypostatic union of the Son with a human nature.
Responses to Love Divine’s Respondents
Authors: Wessling Jordan ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

I here respond to my interlocutors in the symposium on my book, Love Divine: A Systematic Account of God’s Love for Humanity. Addressing each of them in the order in which their essays appear within this symposium, I reply to the comments by R. T. Mullins, Keith Hess, and Ty Kieser.
Mysticism Monistic and Theistic
Authors: Spencer Daniel ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

In this paper, I investigate the merits of an argument in the philosophy of mysticism which, if sound, appears to have serious implications for our estimation of various Christian saints, mystics, and theologians and some of their most profound spiritual experiences. After giving an initial statement of this argument, I offer a (tentative) defense of the two main premises at play and conclude the argument is plausibly sound. Following this, I turn to a discussion of Nelson Pike’s important objection to this argument and contend that, while doubtless more interesting than commonly supposed, it ultimately falls short of the mark.
The Illusions of Techno-Anthropology
Authors: Menuge Angus ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: August 2022

Many pro-life supporters accept the substance view (SV) of human value, tying intrinsic value to properties essential to all human beings. Many pro-choice supporters accept the functionalist view (FV) of human value, tying intrinsic value to accidental functional properties. They argue that there are circumstances in which terminating human beings is permissible. I offer three reasons for rejecting FV. First, FV fails to ontologically ground intrinsic qualities. Second, FV entails that technologically enhanced human beings may have greater intrinsic value than unenhanced human beings. Third, FV entails a problematic pragmatic-utilitarian view of value that undermines widespread convictions about human dignity.
Cycloserine Induced Neurotoxicity: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Gosavi Sarang Shishir , Patil Pranjali Prakash
Published: August 2022

Cycloserine is one of the many drugs used in treatment of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Neuropsychiatric complaints are common after cycloserine administration. Reports of neuroimaging in cycloserine neurotoxicity are rare. Authors hereby reports a case of 17-year-old female, who presented with hallucination and delirium since 2 weeks. She was a known case of pulmonary MDR-TB and was on Anti-Koch’s Treatment category IV (AKT) for the same since last 12 months. On clinical examination, the patient was conscious and co-operative but disoriented. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed, symmetric hyperintensities on T2 weighted images in bilateral dentate nuclei with restriction of diffusion, on diffusion weighted images. In addition, two well- defined T2 hypointense ring enhancing lesions were seen in right parietal and occipital regions. Patient’s symptoms improved on stoppage of cycloserine. On follow-up MRI, 4 weeks after withdrawing the durg, there was complete reversal of MRI findings.
Pattern of Follow-up among Patients Attending the Department of Psychiatry: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kaur Harsimran , Bansal Pir Dutt , Sharma Arvind , Mishra Akshara , Saini Bhavneesh , Kumar Rakesh , Bansal Priyanka , Moria Kavita
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Adherence to drug regimen is a very important factor for improvement. Dropping out may affect the treatment outcome and also is as indication of poor clinical performance. Patient who left the treatment in between can lead to a deterioration in clinical condition, resulting in the need for more intensive therapy that significantly incurs higher social and economic loss. Therefore, improving medication compliance potentially reduces morbidity and suffering of patients and their families, and the cost of rehospitalisation. Aim: To study the pattern of follow-up among patients of various psychiatric disorders and also to study the therapist factors contributing in adherence to treatment and the sociodemographic profile of patients who drop out from study. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective analytical study conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, GGSMCH Faridkot, Punjab, India over one year. A total of 500 psychiatric patients were selected by the convenient non probability sampling technique in the age group between 18-45 years who met the inclusion criteria. These patients were evaluated for illness related variables using psychiatric proforma and Charleston Psychiatric Outpatient Satisfaction Scale (CPOSS) was applied. After this all the patients were assessed for a period of one year, the factors affecting the pattern of follow-up, relating to the treatment and its side effects, disease progression as well as therapist-related factors using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data, thus generated, was subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Results: In the socio-demographic profile among drop out education status, occupation, and duration of illness, statistically significant difference was found among different disorders (p<0.05). CPOSS scale was applied among three follow-up groups in which highest mean was 53.03±10.05 in regular follow-up group followed by 49.49±9.06 in intermittent and 44.80±10.70 in drop out follow-up group. Total CPOSS mean was 49.19±10.66. Overall results were statistically significant (p=0.0001). Also in the medication, disease and physician related factors among followup groups, statistically significant results were found (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study showed that various socio-demographic factors, medication, disease and physician related factors affect the follow-up patterns. So, it is very important to diagnose all these factors to improve adherence among various psychiatric patients.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations in a 18-months-old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Fayad Hesham Mohamad , Chowdhury Fatema , Menezes Godfred Antony , Sadhu Shria , Hossain Samiha Anjum
Published: August 2022

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (PAVM) is a cardiovascular anomaly in which an anatomic communication between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein is formed, resulting in an additional cardiac shunt from the right to left side. PAVM is a rare disease, reported more in females, but in newborns comparatively higher in males. Cases can vary from asymptomatic to symptomatic such as having dyspnoea, hypoxia, cyanosis, neurological symptoms. They are mostly congenital having association with Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT). Herby, author present a case of 18-months-old female was admitted with peripheral cyanosis in the Paediatric Department. Her saturation was 76%, after admission she received three doses of salbutamol nebulisation and was kept on 3 litre oxygen until her saturation increased to around 90%. On auscultation, a murmur of grade 2/6 heard in the left axilla with clear lung fields. Chest X-ray detected a prominent lobulated opacity in the left sided lung adjacent to the heart border. An echocardiogram was done which turned out normal. Thoracic Computed Tomography (CT) scan with contrast showed a vascular malformation in the apical region of the left lower lobe. Pulmonary angiography showed multiple vascular lesions in the peripheries which was consistent with arteriovenous malformation. The child was diagnosed with PAVM. A transcatheter embolisation and coil closure of AVM was performed and postprocedure the child was stable.
Non Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhoea and Subsequent Bacterial Meningitis: A Case Report
Authors: Vaishnavadevi G , Yoganandan Dayanandan
Published: August 2022

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) protects brain and maintains intracranial pressure which is secreted by choroid plexus. After severe Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma, disruption of meningeal structure leads to CSF leak. About 80-90% of CSF leak in adults is due to head injuries. CSF rhinorrhoea can be classified into spontaneous and non spontaneous. Meningitis is seen in 19% of persistent CSF leakage with 10% of mortality due to delayed and longer duration of the CSF leakage. Post-traumatic CSF leaks are commonly seen in 1-3% of adults among all head injuries. Traumatic CSF leak is reported to be approximately 10-30% of the skull base fractures in adults. Common pathogens of meningitis are Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae). Present case was of non spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea and subsequent bacterial meningitis in a 33-year-old male patient, with fever and chills, headache, vomiting, neck stiffness. Kernig sign’s was present. Patient had past history of road traffic accident and found to have CMF injury. Neurosurgery opinion was sought and found to be persistent CSF rhinorrhoea. Haematological and chemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal. CSF and blood sample sent for culture and sensitivity. H. influenzae grown in both culture. H. influenzae is an uncommon cause of adult bacterial meningitis.
Group B Streptococcal Colonisation among Antenatal Women from a Tertiary Care Centre, Northern Kerala: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mathew Jithu K , Sudhakaran Maya , Shabina MB , Menon Nalini
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis all over the world. Maternal colonisation of GBS in vaginal and anorectal area poses risk for subsequent invasive disease. The prevalence of maternal colonisation varies with geographical, biological and socio-economical factors. Current recommendations consider maternal screening and antibiotic therapy to prevent GBS neonatal disease with a potential of alteration of infant gut flora. Aim: To find out the prevalence, outcome and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the GBS colonisation in antenatal women. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based descriptive crosssectional study was conducted in Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, during December 2017 to May 2019 including 300 antenatal women of 35-37 weeks gestational age. Vaginal and rectal swabs were taken and were subjected to microbiological examination and culture. Data analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used wherever applicable and p-value <0.05 is considered significant. Results: Among the 300 antenatal women, 8 (2.7%) were colonised with GBS. Higher rate of colonisation was observed in women of 21-25 years, higher parity, rural dwelling and in women with poor glycaemic control. All the colonised women received antibiotic prophylaxis with intravenous ampicillin. None of the colonised women or the neonates born to them developed any invasive GBS infection. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that all the isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin but only 62.5% of the isolates were susceptible to clindamycin and 37.5% of the isolates were susceptible to erythromycin. Conclusion: The prevalence of GBS colonisation is low in Asian countries, compared to the data from western countries. Evidence based usage of narrow spectrum antibiotics should be considered. Further studies regarding prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, cost benefit analysis of the antibiotic usage and its effect on neonatal gut flora etc, including a wider population, is a need of the hour in the setting of emergence of resistance.
Assessing the Perception of Pre-Service Teachers on Teaching and Learning of Agriculture in Colleges of Education in Ghana
Authors: Menka Collins Agyei , Atteh Evans
Published: August 2022

This study sought to examine the effectiveness of teaching and learning of agriculture among pre-service teachers, including the challenges facing the teaching and learning of agriculture among students in the colleges of education in Ghana. A survey design with a quantitative data was gathered for the study. Stratified sampling method was used to select respondents in Ashanti and Western North regions. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that 70% of the pre-service agriculture students hold the view that the teaching and learning is not effective among the students in the colleges. The study again identified the challenges that militate against teaching and learning of agriculture. The challenges were inadequate tools and equipment, lack of resourceful libraries and laboratories, insufficient time to complete the curriculum, lack of proper school farms/gardens, poorly committed teachers and too little practical work. It is recommended that heads of colleges of education are to focus on the challenges causing ineffective teaching and learning to improve teaching and learning while revising the existing agriculture curriculum.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Commercialization of Arable Crops among the selected Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria: A Case Study of Iwo Local Government Area of Osun State
Authors: Odetola Peter Damilare , Adepoju Adenike Adebusola
Published: August 2022

The study looked into what prompted certain small-scale arable farmers in Nigeria to market their produces. As commercialization becomes more and more lauded as a model for rural development, many smallholders' capacity to do so is called into doubt. The objective of the study was to analyse the factors influencing the decision of smallholder farmers to commercialize the selected arable crops. Eighty Five smallholder farmers were randomly sampled for this study, which estimated farmers’ level of crop commercialization and identified factors contributing to their estimated engagement with markets. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain primary data from farmers, while reports from published materials were also reviewed. The study utilized the household commercialization index (HCI) and multiple regression model as its main analytical tools. It found that Crop production. The result of the commercialization index revealed that, among all crops grown, Cassava had the highest percentage of 54.68% with the lowest value of 6.83% for yam production. The results indicate varying levels of market engagement among smallholder farmers and underscore the need for caution in adopting a rigid commercialization approach.
Analysis of Constraints Faced by Startups in the Food Processing Industries in Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Murugan R. Arul , Karthikeyan C. , Devi M. Nirmala
Published: August 2022

Food processing sector is the transformation of raw agricultural products into food or one form of food into other forms. Food processing comprises many forms of processing foods starting from grinding grain to make raw flour to home cooking to complex industrial methods of food processing and it is used to make convenience foods. The Indian Food and Beverage Industry is evolving as a high-profit sector and contributes about 3 % of India's GDP with the value of two-thirds of the total retail market in India. The projected revenue in the food and beverage business segment is estimated to show a CAGR growth rate of 14.2 percent from the year 2020 to 2024. The study was carried out in June 2022 with the objective is to analyze the constraints faced by startups in the food processing industries, for this study 30 key informants were selected from each start-up food processing industry in three districts namely Trichy, Dindugal, and Coimbatore and all the three districts, the Key Informants was asked collectively to list the constraints faced by the start-up food processing industry through the participatory method. The Rank Based Quotient (RBQ) value for the insufficient connection between production and processing is 84.67 and ranked first among the infrastructure constraint which implies that lack of infrastructure godowns for storage and linkages with the traders. The delay in sanction of loans was the major constraint with RBQ of 76.67 and ranked first among the policy constraint. The delay in sanction of loans makes the new startups innovate the new products in the market, which bags their product diversification in the market. The tedious channels for financial transactions with an RBQ value of 59.33 and a high rate of interest for loans with an RBQ of 57.33. The lack of knowledge on Post-harvest technologies with an RBQ value of 70.67, shows the lack of training on the handling of new and improved post-harvest equipment for product diversification. In the marketing constraint, the challenges in identifying the specific market for the product was ranked first among the marketing constraint with an RBQ value of 77.33. The hindrance in the identification of specific market for their produce bags their profit, they forced to sale their produce in markets in which they will not able to get better remunerative for their produce. The Policy would seek to create a favorable environment for the Agri-preneurs to start Food Processing sectors through fiscal initiatives/interventions, which will facilitate the establishment of low-cost pre-cooling and cold chain units proximal to the agricultural farms. It also facilitates the establishment of cold storage units and sorting grading, and hi-tech packing facilities to reduce post-harvest wastages and improve the quality of products and the shelf life.
An Extensive Review on the Development of Plant-Based Vaccines against SARS-Cov-2 and Respiratory Disorders Using Plant Biotechnology Platform
Authors: Samanta Priyanka , Chatterjee Pratik
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most recent of numerous pathogenic viral pandemics that have posed risks to global health. Its exponentially expanding global transmission is placing pressure on the global health system. There are currently a large number of COVID-19 candidate vaccines on the market, and there is fierce worldwide competition to obtain the most vaccinations for each nation. The main objective among several nations during the exceptional COVID-19 epidemic has been to build herd immunity through the planning of large-scale vaccination efforts. However, the availability of vaccines has been a challenge for developing countries. However, there are strains in the world's vaccine manufacturing as a result of the high demand. This international effort aims to develop plant-based heterologous expression systems, virus-like particles (VLPs)-vaccines, antiviral drugs, a rapid supply of antigen-antibodies for detecting kits, and plant-origin bioactive compounds that boost immunity and provide tolerance to fight against virus infection, also includes the use of a plant biotechnology-based expression system for vaccine production. Due to possible benefits including low cost, high manufacturing volume, and physicochemical characteristics, the idea of a plant-based vaccination has gained more and more momentum in recent years. By utilising local commodities, we suggest plant-based vaccines as an appealing alternative to widespread and inexpensive vaccination methods against COVID-19 in this review. Additionally, we discussed the processes of action, necessary standards, and prospects for applying unique biotechnology tools in near future.
Evidence-based Recommendations to Improve Retention, Attraction and Recruitment of Health Workers in Sudan
Authors: Y. Hammad Almoeiz , Khatim Osama , A. Abdalla Moneer , A. Abdalla Murtada
Published: August 2022

Background: Current literature systematically reports that interventions to retain and attract health workers in underprivileged areas need to be context specific but rarely defines what that means. In this systematic review, the study summarized and evaluates context factors influencing the enforcement of interventions to attract and retain health workers in rural area.

Methods: We searched online databases, pertinent websites and reference lists of selected papers to identify studies on mandatory rural service programs and financial rewarding. Four studies were selected. Information regarding context factors at macro, meso and micro levels was extracted and re-synthesized.

Conclusion: In all the articles reviewed, policies were in placement to hold health workers, the policies appear to be ineffective because workers are still animated from rural to urban areas and from Sudan abroad. There is an utmost need than constantly before for national-level overall policy formularization on non-financial and financial remuneration if there is to be refinement in the unjust distribution of health workers across the region.
Effect of Seasonal Variations in Hematology, Biochemical, Immunity Constituents in Mugil cephalus, Chano chanos, and Arius arius on Southeast Coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Deivasigamani B. , Elizabeth A. Queen
Published: August 2022

The assessment of the effect of seasonal variations on health, hematology, and serum biochemical components of three marine teleost fishes, Mugil cephalus, Chanos chanos, and Arius arius from Kovalam, East Coast Road, Southeast coast of Tamil Nadu, India. The objectives of the study pointed out the effect of seasonal variation on fish health and immunity. During summer and pre-monsoon, a total of 20 samples were collected from each sample, and hematological, biochemical, immunity parameters, and fish health were considered. M. cephalus (L-23.86±1.03; W-171.22±35.42) C. chanos, (L-22.36±1.17; W-163.03±33.32) and A. arius (L-22.62±1.08; W-168.72±35.04) have different length and weight. The WBC, RBC, Hb, and HCT were higher during summer in M. cephalus, C. chanos, and A. arius likewise, these parameters were lower in the pre-monsoon period (P<0.05). The MCV, MCH, MCHC, and ESR of all three species were higher in the pre-monsoon whereas in the summer they decreased. Likewise, leukocytes such as neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and thrombocytes show minimum levels in the pre-monsoon and attain maximum levels in the summer. Most importantly, in the summer, serum components protein and glucose were higher, while cholesterol and urea were lower, and vice versa. Although IgM and IgG levels (P<0.05) were higher in the summer and declined in the pre-monsoon season. In the lysozyme assay, respiratory burst activity (NBT) (P<0.05) reveals a higher concentration in the pre-monsoon and was lower in the summer. A total of thirteen hematological parameters, six biochemical, and two immunological parameters, and lysozyme and NBT activities showed a significant relationship with fish health throughout the seasonal changes. Based on the findings, M. cephalus shows maximum variations in length, weight, hematology, biochemical, and immunity levels, whereas C. chanos showed minimum variations. Hence the report indicates the seasons mainly impact the physiological status of the fish species.
Comparative Study on Phytochemical Properties and Antifungal Activities of Different Plant Extracts on Infected Fruit of Carica papaya
Authors: Philip N. A. , Okon J. E. , Okey E. N.
Published: August 2022

The comparative studies of phytochemical properties and antifungal activities of different plant extracts; Ageratum conyzoides L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn, Senna alata (L.) Roxb. and Mangifera indica L. on infected fruit of Carica papaya was carried out using standard methods for analysis of all the tested parameters. The test was conducted using the selected plant extracts at five different concentrations (100 - 500mg/ml) against the isolated fungi. Molecular analysis was done to identify the isolated fungi. The results of the qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloid, tannins, saponins, phenols and flavonoid in all the plant extracts. The quantitative phytochemical screening results showed varying quantities of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and phenols present in the extracts. The quantitative screening showed that A. conyzoides had the highest quantity of the constituents present in its extracts. Four fungal pathogens were isolated from paw-paw fruits and were identified as Rhizopus species, Aspergillus glavus, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium species. The results of the antimicrobial assay on fungi isolated from infected pawpaw fruits showed that inhibition of fungal growth increased with a corresponding increase in concentration for all the fungal isolates. Penicillium species showed resistance to all the extracts. A. conyzoides showed the highest inhibition from 200mg/ml for the isolates followed by P.amarus. Molecular analysis identified the isolates as Rhizopus arrhizopus, R. delemar, R. oryzae and Aspergillus clavatus. The phylogenetic tree showed that Rhizopus oryzae, R. delemar, R arrhizus are closely related. A. conyzoides and P. amarus can be used to minimize the infection of paw-paw fruit by microbes.
Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Fungi from Halophytes in Mangrove Community, Akwa Ibom State - Nigeria
Authors: Udo Anna Martin , Okon Okon Godwin , Okey Edward Ntui
Published: August 2022

This study aimed at the isolation and characterizion of endophytic fungi inhabiting halophytes (Nypa fruticans and Rhizophora racemosa) growing in mangrove ecosystem of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The physico-chemical parameters of the rhizospheric soils revealed EC (5.11, 5.41 and 5.01 dS/m), pH (5.1, 5.0 and 5.2), Na (2.26, 2.28 and 2.15 Cmol/kg) respectively. The identified strains were categorized into the phyla Ascomycota. At the genus level, Aspergillus (16 strains) accounted for the highest proportion followed by Penicillium (13 strains) and Fusarium (8 strains). The genera of the endophytic fungi isolated from the halophytic plants were Talaromyces, Aspergillus, Neosartorya, Purpureocillium, Fusarium and Penicillium. The six species isolated and characterized were; Talaromyces albobiverticillius (1), Aspergillus aculeatus (2), Aspergillus fumigatus (3), Fusarium equiseti (4) and Penicillium citrinum (5 and 6). The result from this study demonstrates the existence of fungal endophytes which have great potential in plant productivity. Additionally, this work creates a baseline study in the said study area; this will enable further researches emphasizing the importance of endophytic fungi in agricultural sectors as an eco-friendly biofertilizer to improve plant growth performance and defense as an alternative to inorganic fertilizers which have detrimental effects on both plants and the environment.
Slope Rotatable Central Composite Designs of Second Type
Authors: Ravikumar B. Venkata , Victorbabu B. Re.
Published: August 2022

Central composite design (CCD) is the most commonly used fractional factorial design used in the response surface model. Kim [1] proposed second order rotatable designs (SORD) of second type using CCD, in which the positions of axial points are indicated by two numbers\(\left(a_{1}, a_{2}\right)\). Kim and\(K_{0}\) [2] introduced second order slope rotatable designs (SOSRD) of second type using CCD, in which the positions of axial points are indicated by two numbers \(\left(a_{1}, a_{2}\right)\). In this paper, second order slope rotatable central composite designs of second type with\(2 \leq n_{3} \leq 4\) (where \(n_{\text {s }}\) denotes the number of replications of axial points) are suggested for \(2 \leq \mathrm{v} \leq 17\) (v-stands for number of factors). It is observe that the value of level \(\mathrm{a}_{2}\) (taking \(\mathrm{a}_{1}=1\) ) for the axial points in CCD required for slope rotatability for second type is appreciably larger than the value required for SORD of second type using CCD. And also noted that if we replicate axial points \(\left(n_{9}\right)\)in SOSRD of second type using \(\mathrm{CCD}\) then the value of \(\mathrm{a}_{2}\) (taking \(\mathrm{a}_{1}=1\) ) is approximately nearer to\(\mathrm{SORD}\) value \(\mathrm{a}_{2}\) of second type using CCD.
Wole Soyinka's Death and the King’s Horseman: A Resistance to Cultural Hegemony of the West
Authors: Kesur Bhupendra Nandlal , Patil Mukesh Pundalik
Published: August 2022

The Western Nations have been dominating the third world nations and their culture through the cultural hegemony and superiority. Said criticized and exposed this cultural hegemony of the west in his book ‘Orientalism’ (1978). He believed that the occidental countries have certain prejudices and misconceptions about the orient. No doubt, the approach and outlook of the West to the third world countries is negative and exotic. They assume the superiority of their culture over the culture of third world countries. However, the resistance to cultural hegemony of the west can be noticed in the form of literature. The present research paper explores such resistance as presented in the most dominant African play of Wole Soyinka namely Death and the King’s Horseman (1975). The play is based on the theme of ritualistic suicide in the Yoruba culture. The in-depth analysis of the study of play reveals how the natives follow their cultural rituals without submitting to the western cultural hegemony. The layer of the play shows a deep cultural difference between the British and the Yoruba. The paper contemplates this resistance from the native Yoruba in the form of defiance.
Effect of Intra Cardiac Shunts on Left Ventricular Systolic Function: A Speckle Tracking Study
Authors: Nasef Muhammad Zakaria , Shaban Aliaa Elsayed , Abd-Allah Timoor Mostafa , Elsheikh Raghda Ghonimy
Published: August 2022

Background: The left ventricular (LV) chamber size and its systolic function is the most common and quickest assessment made by echocardiography, either in the intra operative or intensive care setting, being the pressure generator for the blood supply to the body .Congenital cardiac defects come in two main types: atrial and ventricular septal defects (ASD/VSD). Regression or spontaneous closure may be the natural course of minor septal defects.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of speckle tracking echocardiography in estimation of left ventricular systolic function in congenital shunt lesions (ASD, VSD and PDA).

Subjects and Methods: This study was done in Tanta University Hospital including 270 patients. The patients were divided into four groups: ASD patients, VSD patients, PDA patients and control subjects.

Results: It showed statistically significant difference between ASD, PDA and control group. The difference between the PDA group and the control group was statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference between the ASD group and the control group in terms of EF percent, FS percent, and ESV ROC curve for Validity of GLS to predict LV systolic dysfunction in PDA Group. Sensitivity was 68 and sensitivity was 80. 

Conclusion: It was determined that Speckle-tracking echocardiography offers an additional non-invasive method for evaluating patients' left ventricular function. With congenital shunt lesions.
Design of SILT+3 Floor Building Using STAAD Pro
Authors: Swetha Maroju , Harihanandh M.
Published: August 2022

This project describes design and analysis of a S+3 floor building using Staad pro. The design and analysis will be carried out with Staad pro software. The main consideration for designing a building is the structural design which plays a major role for specifying the shape and size of the structural members which are designed for different loads and moments acting on the structure. These loads and moments are to be distributed to each and every structural members like beams which transfer loads to the columns and then transferred to footings.

STAAD Pro is anadvanced software developed by “BENTLEY” which is used for designing structural elements in various aspects with accurate results saving the time.

My project is to DESIGN OF SILT +3 FLOOR BUILDING USING STAAD Pro considering all loading conditions using Stand pro.
In vitro Antiproliferative Studies of Selected Medicinal Plants on Cancerous and Normal Cells
Authors: Mbugua Regina W. , Njagi Eliud M. , Ngule Chrispus M. , Mwitari Peter G.
Published: August 2022

Globally, approximately 13% of all deaths annually are attributed to cancer. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the current treatment techniques for cancer; however, these methods are expensive, have high failure rates and have been associated with detrimental side effects. Plant derived products could be good candidates in alleviating challenges being experienced with these current methods. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemistry, antiproliferation potential, and probable mechanism of action of Albizia gummifera, Rhamnus staddo and Senna didymobotrya plant extracts. The 3– (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay dye was used in the determination of the antiproliferative activity of the extracts. Extracts induction potential of p53 (apoptosis) and VEGF (angiogenesis) genes’ expression was evaluated using Real Time PCR. Phytochemical screening was done as per standard procedures. Several plant extracts exhibited antiproliferative activity against the cancerous cell lines tested showing selective toxicity to cancer cells while sparing the normal cells (SI ≥ 3). An upregulation of p53 and down-regulation VEGF genes was observed. Phytochemical screening revealed presence of pharmacologically important phytochemicals in the plant’s extracts. The study findings suggest exploitation of these plant extracts as potential candidates for development of drugs for the management of breast and prostate cancer.
Annona muricata Linn Stem Bark Protects against Uterine Proliferative Disorder Induced by Estradiol Benzoate in Female Rat
Authors: Olowofolahan Adeola Oluwakemi , Dare Heritage Mojisola , Adeoye Yemisi Dorcas , Olorunsogo Olufunso Olabode
Published: August 2022

Aim: The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore is an important event in the execution of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Some bioactive compounds elicit their chemotherapeutic effects against tumor/cancer cells via the induction of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Annona muricata, a medicinal plant, is folklorically used in the treatment of tumors and cancers. This study therefore aimed at investigating the effect of methanol stem bark extract of Annona muricata (MEAM) on apoptosis via mPT pore and estradiol benzoate (EB)-induced proliferative disorder using female Wistar rats.

Methodology: Mitochondria were isolated using differential centrifugation. The mPT pore opening, cytochrome c release and mitochondrial ATPase activity were determined spectrophotometrically. The levels of estrogen (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), were determined using ELISA technique. Histological and histochemical assessments of the uterine sections were carried out using standard methods. Phytochemical constituents of MEAM were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS).

Results: The in vitro results showed a significant induction of mPT pore opening, release of cytochrome c and enhancement of mitochondrial ATPase (mATPase) activity in a concentration-dependent manner. However, oral administration of MEAM did not induce rat uterine mPT pore opening, neither any significant release of cytochrome c nor enhancement of mATPase activity at the dosages used. Interestingly, MEAM reversed the EB-induced increase in E2, LH and FSH. The MEAM also improved the antioxidant milleu by reducing MDA level and increasing the SOD and GSH-Px activities in the treatment groups. Administration of EB induced endometrial hyperplasia in the model group which was mitigated by MEAM in the treatment group. The GC-MS analysis of MEAM revealed the presence of some important phytochemicals that are pharmacological relevant in cancer treatment.

Conclusions: This study suggests that the methanol stem bark extract of Annona muricata contains bioactive compounds that protect against EB-induced uterine proliferative disorder in female Wistar rats.
Aromatic Rice and Factors Affecting Aroma in Rice
Authors: Dutta Chumki , Nath Deb Jyoti , Phyllei Damon
Published: August 2022

Aromatic rice is considered as an important value-added commodity with small variations in the aroma determining preference and unacceptability by the consumers. Aroma is the most desired trait followed by taste and elongation. Indian sub-continent is home to aromatic rice diversity with northeast being the richest reservoir of the genetic variability of aromatic rice. Aromatic rice has two groups, the long-grained Basmati type and the small and medium-grained indigenous aromatic varieties. 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is the principal component responsible for aroma, produced through a single recessive allele (fgr) at a locus on chromosome 8 which corresponds to the gene that encodes betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2). A premature stop codon upstream of key coding regions is introduced by an 8-bp deletion in exon 7 which makes BADH2 non-functional. The mutant BADH2 transcript leads to 2AP accumulation in aromatic rice. The flow of γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GAB-ald) to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is inhibited and consequently, the accumulated GAB-ald is diverted to a flavour component, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) by a non-enzymatic reaction with methylglyoxal. Accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aromatic rice depends on the interaction of various genetic and environmental factors. Aromatic rice is prone to biotic and abiotic stress. Grain quality of aromatic rice can be improved using existing aromatic genotypes by backcrossing, mutation breeding or conventional cross-breeding. There is an urgent need to document, evaluate and conserve underutilized germplasm for the improvement of aromatic rice in the future.
Effect of Different Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Development of Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott
Authors: Divya Kurakula , Prasanth P. , Kumar A. Kiran , Salma Zehra , Vijaya D. , Chary D. Srinivasa
Published: August 2022

A shade house (75%) experiment was carried out to determine the effect of different levels of NPK on growth and development of Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott plants at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University during Kharif season of the year 2019-20 in Completely randomized design with seven treatments and replicated thrice. The results revealed that different levels of NPK significantly influenced the Dieffenbachia plants growth and development. Among different inorganic fertilizer treatments, application of N:P:K (1:1:1) – 2 g per poly bag at 30 days interval (T1) significantly recorded maximum plant height (76.00 cm), growth rate in respect of plant height at 45, 90 and 135 days interval (2.01, 2.50 and 3.07 cm/day respectively), plant spread (E-W) (59.00 cm), stem diameter (37.63 mm) and number of leaves per plant (7.33).
Studies of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Yield Component Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Sriraj Ponnaboina , Gurjar Deshraj
Published: August 2022

Twenty diverse genotypes of chickpea including three checks viz., GNG 158, GNG 1488, PNG 469- checks, were carried out under Agriculture Research farm, Department of Genetics of Plant Breeding, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab). This experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications, during rabi 2021-2022. To estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance percent of the mean. analysis of variance for the design of experiments has been present for all the twelve traits The analysis of variance estimation demonstrated that the mean sum of squares attributed to genotypes were significant for all of the characters, suggesting that there was enough genetic diversity among the genotypes. The current study found that the Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) was greater than the corresponding Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) for all traits, which could be attributed to genotype-environment interaction to some degree or another, explaining environmental factors influencing the expression of these characters. In the present study, moderate PCV, GCV were observed in No. of secondary branches per plant, 100 seed weight, No. of primary branches per plant, Harvest index, biological yield per plant, No. of pods per plant, Plant height and Seed yield per plant. Low value of PCV and GCV were recorded in No. of seeds per pod, protein content, Days to maturity and Days to 50% flowering, shows the magnitude of PCV and GCV were low and indicating limited scope for improvement. The genotypic correlation coefficient was higher in magnitude than their corresponding phenotypic one, indicating there by strong inherent association between different traits studied. The phenotypic expression of correlation was less due to multiple influences of environmental components in the view of correspondence selection on phenotypic basis would be effective.
Eagle Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hamdaoui Oum Rachad , Sakhy Y. , Labied M. , Lembarki G. , Sabiri M. , Lezar S. , Essodegui F.
Published: August 2022

Eagle's syndrome, stylo-carotid syndrome, elongated styloid process syndrome or American syndrome is a rare and controversial entity. It is characterized by a long styloid process causing irritation of the surrounding structures. We report a case of Eagle's syndrome of incidental discovery in a 53-year-old patient, with no particular history, who presented with intense left retro-mandibular pain evolving for two years. A computer tomography angiography (CTA) of the supra-aortic trunks was ordered and showed two bilateral bony processes extending from the styloid process towards the lesser horn of the hyoid bone, indicating ossification of the stylohyoid ligament, which led to the diagnosis of Eagle syndrome.
Combining Ability and Heterosis of QPM Hybrids for Yield, Qualitative and Quantitative Traits under Heat stress in Different Environments
Authors: Chandra Gundala Sarath , Marker Shailesh
Published: August 2022

With increasing climate change relates to rise in mercury causing heat stress in maize. Heat stress tolerance has appeared to be one of the foremost trait to overcome this situation. Relative magnitude of variances depicted additive and non-additive gene action for the expression of these characters were more extrusive for all the traits studied. GCA and SCA both showed huge collaboration with climate for all the characteristics. Parents NBPGR-36548 (P4), VL-153237 (P5) and BHU QPM-2 (P2) were found to be good general combiners for grain yield per plant, chlorophyll content, oil content and starch content. Indicating that they could be good parental lines in hybridization programs. The scope of heterosis communicated by various crosses was from 0.71 % (P2 X P6) to 45.11% (P5 X P6) in E1, from 0.42% (P1 X P7) to 5.69% (P1 X P8) in E2 and 18.92% (P4 X P8) in E3. The better performing five crosses P5 X P7, P5 X P6, P4 X P8, P5 X P9 and P4 X P5. Crosses between good x average, average x average and good x good shows greater economic heterosis and exhibited high SCA effects for yield under HS. These best Hybrids showed no side effects of leaf firing, tassel blast, root lodging and no severe loss of yield in the present investigation. These crosses additionally should be assessed further multi location in enormous scope.
Biofficacy of Different Insecticides against Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in Chickpea Crop
Authors: Kumar Avula Ajith , R. Tayde Anoorag
Published: August 2022

The present investigation was carried out at Central Research Farm, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P. during Rabi, 2021- 2022. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and 3. replications. The insecticides like Emamectin benzoate 5 SG(Treta) dose @ 0.4gm/Litre, Spinosad 45% SC (Tracer) dose @0.5ml/Litre, Neem oil 0.2% (Neem Aura) dose @2ml/Litre, Karanj oil 0.2% (RV Essential Karanj Oil) dose @2ml/litre, Chlorantriniliprole 18.5 SC (Coragen) dose @0.5ml/Litre, Flubendamide 480SC (Fame) dose @0.4ml/Litre, Profenophos 50 EC (Celcron) dose @2ml/Litre were applied. The mean larval population per plant was recorded one day before and 3, 7 and 14 days after each spray. Among insecticidal treratments the lowest larval population of Helicoverpa armigera on chickpea was recorded in spinosad 45SC@0.5ml/L followed by Flubendiamide 480 SC@0.4ml/L, Emamectin Benzoate 5SG@ 0.4gm/L, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC@0.5ml/L and profenophos 50EC@2ml/L. The next effective are botanicals namely., neem oil 0.2%@2ml/L and karanj oil 0.2%@2ml/L was found to be least effective but comparatively superior over the control. The highest yield (24.3 q/ha) was also obtained with application of recorded in spinosad 45SC @ (0.5ml/L) while maximum C:B (1:4.76) was achieved with spray of Flubendiamide 480SC @0.4ml/L.