bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vinoba Bhave – Between Divine and Human. On the Book Moved by Love. The Memoirs of Vinoba Bhave
Authors:   Independent researcher, Bitinayte Elena A.
Published: January 2023

Author offers to consider Vinoba as an example of a modern prophet, i.e. as a person who is driven by understanding of divinity of his mission. The thinker played the role of the mediator between God and people, as well as between dif­ferent social forces. Thereby he was in situation of double dialogue: with God and with people. Such mediation was possible due to Vinoba’s refusal of belong­ing to definite caste, political party, religious or philosophical direction. He dedi­cated his life to looking for the ways of conflict resolutions and, as his teacher Gandhi, he dreamed of nonviolent world order. His peacekeeping and social work are presented as practical result of his belief that God and His creation are closely connected. Ability to see God in the Other is the key to understanding of his ethics. Vinoba saw God in the poor and he called others to serve them like God who is embodied in the image of lazar. Also he saw God in the souls of landowners. And therefore he called to their conscience, asking them to share part of their property with the poor. In addition, Vinoba felt God inside himself. Thereby in old age, he thought about psychological “suicide” and about need to refuse from his own human ego in order to realize maximally the inner divine potential. Vinoba’s life looks like an example of living of spiritually minded per­son in this context. And the thinker himself is an example of a person who was involved in dialogue with God – embodied in the other people and hidden inside his own soul.
The Reconceptualization of Insight: Insight as Overcoming Fixedness
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirov Ilya Yu.
Published: January 2023

The analysis of theoretical constructs is very important for experimental science because they guide research process. This problem is especially important for In­sight problem solving, one of the experimental paradigms for research in creativ­ity. It has a tradition of reflecting the research methods limitations, but the limi­tations introduced by the theorist are not discussed. We discuss the principles of reflecting upon theoretical constructs in this area of research, formulated in the context of post-nonclassical rationality. We then analyze evolution and di­alogue of different ways of conceptualizations of creativity in insight problem solving: creativity as illumination, creativity as insight, creativity as a moving towards a solution, creativity as overcoming limitations. The heuristic power of conceptualizations and their ability to functionally explain the phenomenon of insight solutions are discussed. In resume we postulate the principles of analy­sis of theoretical constructs and concepts in the field of insight research which allow to bear in mind the influence introduced by the theorist.
To the Documentary History of the Journal “Voprosy filosofii”
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Korsakov Sergei N.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the issues of expanding the source base for studying the history of philosophical journalism in Russia, primarily the history of the lead­ing philosophical journals of the 19th–21st centuries: “Voprosy filosofii i psikhologii”, “Pod znamenem marksizma”, “Voprosy filosofii”. Author pro­vides information about the funds of various state and departmental archives, which contain materials on the documentary history of the journal “Voprosy filosofii”. The main types of sources are determined. Information about already available publications of sources on the history of the journal is given. The ap­pendix contains a transcript of the meeting of the editorial board of the journal “Voprosy filosofii” in 1953 to discuss the publication of articles by physicist, academician V.A. Fock and philosopher, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences A.A. Maksimov (Archive of the Russian Academy of Sci­ences. Fund 1515. Inventory 2. File 128. Sheets 1–13). The controversy of V.A. Fock and A.A. Maksimov is an essential moment in the history of the philo­sophical struggle on the theory of relativity in the USSR. The most acute and significant phase of this struggle fell on the period after the successful imple­mentation of the Soviet atomic project, as a result of which it was decided not to subject Soviet physics to an ideological defeat. The discussion on the philosophi­cal issues of the theory of relativity, which was held on the pages of the journal “Voprosy filosofii” in 1951–1955, also played a role in this question. V.A. Fock defended the theory of relativity from nihilistic assessments and accusations from A.A. Maksimov, who was known as an ideological worker.
Functional Collapse in Social Experiment
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Motovnikova Elena N.
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the current state and prospects of the philosophical and methodological issue of the cognitive functions of the social experiment as a method of social research. It seems that it can be justifiably argued that com­prehension of the centuries-old experience of conducting socio-economic, socio-psychological, socio-pedagogical and socio-administrative experiments leads to a sad conclusion about the scientific unreliability of their results. A significant part of the experiments contain signs of bias, the manipulation of researchers with their subjects and methodological tools in order to obtain deliberately planned or preferred results. In cases of complete scientific conscientiousness and correctness of the experiment, it is almost never possible to repeat it, re­produce it in order to verify, supplement and clarify its data, because neither the subjectivity of the researcher and the subjects, nor the sociocultural conditions and circumstances of the experimental action can be reproduced. Thus, it turns out that social experimentation did not lead to the replenishment of the array of social knowledge, leaving only individual cases, variably interpreted data, that it only participated in the verification and substantiation of significant hypothe­ses and theories as an auxiliary tool. The degree of freedom of social behavior does not allow one to hope to obtain reliable knowledge through experimental work with social individuals and groups, but, on the other hand, social experi­mentation is increasingly manifesting itself as a useful intermediate social prac­tice, as a technology for measuring the acceptability of specific innovations in a particular society. It is suggested that it would be useful to reconsider the methodological and philosophical and scientific understanding of the mean­ing and tasks (functions) of the social experiment.
Evidentialism, the Problem of Evil and the Hypothesis of a Simple God of Theism
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Karpov Kirill
Published: January 2023

In his paper Richard Swinburne argues that an adequate theodicy must be offered to support the probabilistic argument for the ‘best acting-God’ hypothesis. The adequacy of such a theodicy consists in, among other things, that it can explain that every bad state of the universe is a logically necessary condition for the existence of a good state, at least comparable to it, and that God, acting in the best possible way, has the right to allow every such bad state for the sake of the good state that it makes possible. In my commentary I disagree with this condition: it uses notions of ‘bad’ and ‘good’ states of affairs in the universe, which suggests an epistemological intuitivism which makes the exchange of arguments between theists, atheists and anti-theists on the problem of evil pointless, since all arguments are reduced to a so-called ‘evidentialistic game’. A way out of this situation is possible by abandoning intuitionism and developing criteria for selecting relevant evidence of ‘bad’ and ‘good’ states of affairs. As the latter I propose traditional for theism concepts: limitation of human cognitive abilities for weighing good and evil (in modern philosophy of religion such position is represented by skeptical theism) and privatio boni theory of evil which offers a metaphysical concept of evil.
God's Moral Goodness
Authors:   University of Oxford. Wellington Square, Swinburne Richard
Published: January 2023

Philosophers have tried to demonstrate the nature of God – either by arguing that it is a priori necessary that there is a perfect being, and that perfection entails having a certain nature (Anselm); or by arguing that the existence and nature of the universe is such as to entail or make it probable that its creator God has a certain nature (Aquinas). In my probabilistic argument I pursue the second way, arguing that the existence and nature of the universe makes it probable that the universe was created and sustained by an essentially everlasting omnipotent person. An omnipotent person will be a “best-acting” God. He will therefore only allow bad states to exist if allowing them is logically necessary for the existence of some good state. I argue against Mark Murphy’s claim, that God is so different from ordinary humans that there is no reason to suppose that there is much in common between his obligations and those of humans. A morally perfect being would be not merely a best-acting God, but also a “best-feeling” God. He would allow himself to have the right feelings, which are feelings good in themselves, or right reactions to human actions and situations; or feelings which are logically necessary for a great good, such as the pain felt by Jesus on the cross. This account of God’s feelings is consistent with conciliar definitions that God is “impassible” in his divine nature.
Some Reflections on Richard’s Swinburne’s ‘God’s Moral Goodness’
Authors:   Oriel College, University of Oxford, Wynn Mark
Published: January 2023

In this paper, I consider Richard Swinburne’s treatment of the idea of divine goodness in his new article “God’s Moral Goodness” with reference to his understanding of these three themes: the prior probability of theism; the predictive power of theism relative to naturalism with respect to various generic features of the world; and the question of why God should have made this world in particular. In each case, my intention is not fundamentally to challenge Swinburne’s account, but to seek to draw out its implications, and to consider at what points it might invite elaboration, if is to be located within, for example, a Christian conception of the divine reasons for creating.
A novel metaheuristic optimizer：Influenza Virus Immune Algorithm (IVIA)
Authors: guo zhaoze , HU Linjing
Published: January 2023

In this paper, a new metaheuristic optimization algorithm is proposed which is named as Influenza Virus Immune Algorithm (IVIA). The algorithm is derived by studying the process of influenza virus transmission and immunization in the population. Different infection strategies are developed by classifying the contact distance between the infected person and other individuals in the population into different situations. The process of an individual being infected is divided into three states: uninfected, infected, and immune. The immune individual will not be infected when confronted with the virus again. The population has herd immunity when the number of immune individuals in the population exceeds 60% of the total population. In order to test the optimization effect of IVIA, this paper tests IVIA with 23 sets of standard test functions and compares it with 7 optimization algorithms which were proposed in recent years,such as TFWO, GEO, PPA, RSO, GWO, PSO and WOA. The results of the tests show that IVIA converges faster with higher accuracy, optimizes the function better, and finds the minimum value of the function in fewer iterations. Then IVIA is applied to short-term power load forecasting in order to verify its practical application performance. Least Squares Support Vector Machine(LSSVM) and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) are used as the base prediction models respectively, and then different optimization algorithms are used to find the best initial parameters for them.The example results show that the model of IVIA-LSSVM has the smallest error evaluation index and the best overall forecasting effect among all the combined forecasting models. it can meet the accuracy requirements of load prediction results. Therefore, it is proved that IVIA has better optimization effect and it can be applied to practical engineering field.
A single-cell atlas of mongolia sheep early embryo
Authors: he Tingyi , guo wenrui , yang guang , su hong , dou aolei , chen lu , ma teng , su jie , liu moning , Le su budeng Ge Ri , qi wangmei , li haijun , mao wei , wang xiumei , li xihe , yang yanyan , song yongli , cao guifang
Published: January 2023

Background
The establishment of different cell types during organogenesis in mouse early embryos has been well studied. However, cell type differentiation and its molecular mechanisms in early embryo development in Mongolian sheep are not well understood.
Results
In this study, we present the first comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic characterization of Ujumqin sheep and Hulunbuir short-tailed sheep at E16. Thirteen major cell types were identified in Ujumqin sheep at E16, and 8 major cell types were identified in Hulunbuir short-tailed sheep at E16. Functional enrichment analysis showed that several pathways were significantly enriched in the notochord cluster, namely, the TGF-beta signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, platelet activation pathway, riboflavin metabolism pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and insulin signaling pathway. In contrast, glutathione metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, citrate cycle, thyroid hormone synthesis, pyruvate metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, thermogenesis, and the VEGF signaling pathway were significantly enriched in the spinal cord cluster. Steroid biosynthesis, riboflavin metabolism, cell cycle, Hippo signaling, Hedgehog signaling, FOXO signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, and Wnt signaling were significantly enriched in the paraxial mesoderm cluster. The notochord cluster, spinal cord cluster and paraxial mesoderm cluster were all strongly related to tail development. Pseudotime analysis demonstrated that mesenchyme can contribute to the notochord in Ujumqin sheep. Further molecular assays showed that the Hippo signaling pathway was enriched in Ujumqin sheep.
Conclusion
This comprehensive single-cell map reveals the contributions of a previously unrecognized signaling pathway and contributes to our understanding of the mechanism of tail development in short-tailed sheep.
Real-time and Efficient EEG Based Driver Drowsiness Detection System with VANET for Safe Driving
Authors: Mohammedi Mohamed , Mokrani Juba , Mouhoubi Abdenour
Published: January 2023

In recent years, the occurrence of vehicular accidents has seen a surge in all societies worldwide. This scourge is considered as one of the most serious issues that society faces, due to the psychological and social damage they cause. This occurrence is mainly due to several reasons, namely, engaging in things while driving, such as eating, writing a text, talking on the cell phone, driving under the influence of alcohol, fatigue, taking medication, etc. Consequently, drowsiness is identified as a factor behind many of these fatalities. For that, it is imperative that all societies pay great attention to the resolution of this issue and try to limit it as much as possible. Therefore, the establishment of a driver drowsiness monitoring system is necessary. Although vehicular communications allow vehicles to disseminate collected data from the vehicle and the driver, existing studies focus primarily on embedded solutions. In this paper, we propose an automated and highly efficient drowsiness detection system using SVM (support vector machine) classifier. The relative power ratio of $\alpha$ wave and $\beta$ wave serve as input to the SVM classifier. As well, the proposed system offer a real-time driver drowsiness detection system with Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) for safe driving. Comprehensive comparisons and implementation results indicate that the proposed system can achieve better accuracy and robustness, and it is feasible to be a subjective detection tool for drowsy level analysis.
Non-Adiabatic Electronic and Vibrational Ring-Opening Dynamics resolved with Attosecond Core-Level Spectroscopy
Authors: Biegert Jens , Severino Stefano , Ziems Karl Michael , Reduzzi Maurizio , Summers Adam , Sun Hung-Wei , Chien Ying-Hao , Gräfe Stefanie
Published: January 2023

Non-adiabatic dynamics and conical intersections play a central role in the chemistry of most polyatomic molecules, ranging from isomerization to heterocyclic ring opening and avoided photo-damage of DNA. Studying the underpinning correlated dynamics of electronic and nuclear wave packets is a major challenge in real-time and many times involves optically dark transient states. We show that attosecond core-level spectroscopy reveals the pathway dynamics of neutral furan across its conical intersections and dark states. Our method measures electronic-nuclear correlations to detect the dephasing of electronic coherence due to nuclear motion and identifies the ring-opened isomer as the dominant product. These results demonstrate the efficacy of attosecond core level spectroscopy as a potent method to investigate the real-time dynamics of photochemical reaction pathways in complex molecular systems.
Root and canal anatomy of mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography: A systematic review
Authors: AL-Rammahi Hasan M. , Chai Wen Lin , Nabhan Mohamed Shady , Ahmed Hany M. A.
Published: January 2023

Background
A thorough understanding of root and canal anatomy is crucial for successful root canal treatment outcomes. This systematic review aims to explore the published micro-CT based literature about the anatomy of root and canal system in permanent mandibular first molars.
Method
An electronic search was performed on Web of science, PubMed, and Scopus. Published micro-CT journal articles in English that present the root and canal anatomy of permanent 2-rooted mandibular first molars were included. Data on study characteristics, objectives of interest, specifications of the studies, and micro-CT specifications were extracted following the PRISMA statement guidelines. Risk of bias assessment of the included studies was performed using Anatomical Quality Assessment (AQUA) tool. The extracted data were presented in tables or figures to present and synthesise the results. A meta-analysis was performed for the studies related to the prevalence of Vertucci's canal configurations, middle mesial canal (MMC) configurations, and Fan's isthmus types.
Results
Amongst 1358 identified studies, thirty met the inclusion criteria. In terms of the objectives, the selected studies showed high anatomical variability in mandibular first molars. Twenty-two (73%), 25 (83%), and 12 (40%) of the studies reported the population/ethnicity, micro-CT specifications, and ethical approval, respectively. 28 (93%) studies did not disclose the method of sample size estimation. In only 6 (20%) of the studies, the authors had calibrated the assessment approaches. Mostly, a potential risk of bias was reported in domain 1 (objective(s) and subject characteristics) and domain 3 (methodology characterization). Whilst, low risk was reported in domains 2 (study design), 4 (descriptive anatomy), and 5 (reporting of results). Meta-analysis results showed high levels of heterogeneity among the studies related to MMCs (I2 = 86%) and Fan's isthmus (I2 = 87%). As for the root canal configuration, pooled prevalence showed that Vertucci type IV and type I were the most prevalent in mesial and distal root canals, respectively.
Conclusion
There is a considerable heterogeneity in the methodological procedures used to study root canal anatomy in micro-CT studies, however, all involved studies showed that the root canal anatomy of the permanent mandibular first molar is highly variable.
Protocol and registration
The protocol of this systematic review was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework database (https://osf.io) on 2022-06-20 with the registration number 10.17605/OSF.IO/EZP7K.
Zinc release from mitochondria contributes to MPP+-induced lysosomal disruption and neuronal death
Authors: Kim Yang-Hee , Lee Hyun-Seung , Kang Sun-Ah , Eom Jae-Won
Published: January 2023

Autophagy dysregulation and lysosomal dysfunction are critical in Parkinson’s disease. However, the cause and pathogenic signaling of the lysosomal functional deficiency is unknown. Here, we report on the role of zinc as a link between mitochondrial damage and lysosomal depletion. A mitochondrial toxin, 1-methyl-4 phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular zinc ([Zn2+]i), causing lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cell death. Supporting this, antioxidant or zinc chelator significantly reduced MPP⁺-induced LMP and neuronal death, whereas lysosomal protease inhibitors attenuated neuronal death but not ROS and [Zn2+]i. Whereas H₂O₂ toxicity was almost completely attenuated in Metallothionein-3 (MT-3) knock-out (KO) astrocytes, zinc overload- or MPP⁺-induced toxicity increased in MT-3 KO astrocyte cultures, suggesting that MT-3 modulates excessive zinc rather than providing a source of zinc after MPP⁺ treatment. Next, mitochondria-deficient Rho 0 cells were used to determine whether mitochondria are a source of zinc. No increase in ROS, [Zn2+]i, LMP, or MPP⁺ toxicity was observed in Rho 0 cells compared to wild-type cells, suggesting that increased ROS and [Zn2+]i by MPP⁺ originated from mitochondria. Taken together, we suggest that LMP is induced by the release of zinc after mitochondrial damage, eventually leading to neuronal death and lysosomal deficiency. Conduct of future studies will be needed to determine whether zinc is involved in MPP+-induced blocking of autophagic flux and accumulation of α-synuclein.
Innovative City Policy and Water Pollution: Evidence from a Quasi-natural Experiment in China
Authors: He Lingyun , Yuan Enyu , Zhang Yuanmeng , Zhu Zhenghong
Published: January 2023

This study evaluates the impact of China’s innovative city pilot policy on urban water pollution. Based on panel data of 278 cities in China from 2005 to 2018, we employ the difference-in-differences method and find that the policy can significantly reduce water pollution in pilot cities. The lags exist in the effect of innovative city pilot policy, but the effect remains significant in the long term. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect is more pronounced for cities in eastern and central regions of China, and the policy is particularly effective among cities at prefecture level. An examination of the underlying mechanisms shows that promotion in urban technological innovation, human capital accumulation and the advancement of industrial structure associated with the innovative city pilot policy may play a role. Our findings indicate that establishing an innovation-driven development model through policy support and enhancing urban innovation level are beneficial to reducing water pollution and achieving green development.
JEL: C33; Q55; R58
A simple self-powered sensor for the detection of D2O and other isotopologues of liquid water
Authors: Zhao Xiaoye , Yang Hanwen , Duley Walter , Zheng Shuo , Guo Tao , Tan Caiwang , Song Xiaoguo , Feng Jicai , Zhou Norman
Published: January 2023

We report the development and evaluation of a simple, inexpensive sensor capable of detecting liquid D2O and other isotopologues of liquid water through the measurement of electrical signals generated from a nano-porous alumina film. This electrical output, consisting of a sharp voltage pulse followed by a separate broad voltage pulse, is present during the application of microliter volumes of liquid. The amplitude and temporal characteristics of these pulses have been combined to enable four diagnostic parameters used for the sensing of D2O and H218O. The sensing mechanism is based on spatially localized variations in the surface potential of alumina, induced by isotopically substituted water molecules, combined with the effect of isotopic composition on charge transfer to the sensor. As a proof-of concept demonstration, a sensing system has been developed that provides real-time detection of liquid D2O in a stand-alone system.
Prevalence and concentration of ochratoxin A in spices: a global systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Safaei Payam , Mohajer Afsaneh , Sadighara Parisa , Ghanati Kiandokht
Published: January 2023

Ochratoxin A is one of the most important toxic metabolites of fungi that can be found in agricultural products. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and concentration of OTA in spices through meta-analysis. Therefore, online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened systematically from 1995 to 2022 to collect the related data. After assessing for eligibility, 36 articles with 1686 samples were included in the study. According to findings, the global pooled prevalence of OTA was counted as 50% (95% CI: 47–52%). Moreover, the highest and lowest concentrations of OTA in spices were noted in paprika (50.66 ng/g) and cinnamon (3.4 ng/g), respectively. The outcome of this meta-analysis can be used for risk assessment model development, aiming to help the government and industries for finding a specific way to reduce the prevalence of OTA spice products.
Multicentric study for estimation of prevalence of microsatellite instability and Lynch syndrome amongst colorectal cancer patients in India
Authors: Sheth Harsh , Jain Abhinav , Shah Mithun , Shah Pankaj , Advani Suresh , Thomas Lidiya , Yagnik Vipul D. , Tank Avinash , Shah Chirag , Thakkar Bhavesh , Bhansali Darshan , Gandhi Manish , Patel Tarang , Patel Natoo , Patel Ashok , Patel Ruchir , Gaadhe Ravindra , Shah Chintan , Burn John , Eswaran Jeyanthy , Patel Chandni , Soni Prachi , Sheth Frenny , Sheth Jayesh , Trivedi Sunil , Ramprasad Vedam , Mannan Ashraf U.
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fifth most common cancer in India, however, there is a paucity of systematically collected data related to its molecular epidemiology, specifically related to tumour microsatellite instability (MSI) and Lynch syndrome prevalence.
Methods
We prospectively recruited 207 unrelated patients who were diagnosed with CRC from whom primary tumour biopsy along with a matched blood sample was obtained. A sequential genetic testing approach for Lynch syndrome detection in colorectal cancer patients in accordance with the UK’s National Institute of Health and Care Excellence’s guideline (DG27) was utilised. Briefly, DNA from tumour biopsies were tested for MSI status followed BRAF V600E testing in samples which showed MSI-high result. Germline testing for the mismatch repair genes was carried in patients who had MSI-high and BRAF V600E negative tumours. Seventeen patients recanted their consent to participate in the study and therefore, results from 190 out of 207 patients is presented here.
Results
Mean age at cancer diagnosis across the cohort was 52.3 years with male to female ratio of 2:1 and 57.3% of the patients had tumours in the descending colon or rectum. MSI-high status was observed in 79 patients (42.6%) and, was inversely associated with age (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92–0.97, p = < 0.001) and cancers in distal colon and rectum (OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.22–0.81, p = 0.009 for distal colon; OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.04–0.40, p < 0.001 for rectum). Of these, 76 patients had BRAF V600E negative mutation status (96%) and of these, 48 were diagnosed with Lynch syndrome (63%; MLH1 = 38, MSH2 = 4, MSH6 = 4, PMS2 = 1, EPCAM = 1). The variants c.154del and c.306G > T in the MLH1 gene were most commonly observed across Lynch syndrome patients in our cohort.
Conclusions
This is the first systematic evaluation of the molecular epidemiology of CRC in India. We observe a high proportion of patients with young onset CRC coupled with high prevalence of MSI-high status and Lynch syndrome. The study provides a unique opportunity to explore development of novel Lynch syndrome detection and cancer prevention pathway in Indian healthcare settings.
Use of complementary and alternative medicine in Shanghai outpatients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Xiao Yao , Zhang Li , Zhang Jing , Zhou Liuliu , Lu Yeyun , Jiang Yufeng , Zheng Xiaodong
Published: January 2023

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) measures are widely used by patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but their safety and efficacy have also been questioned. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of CAM use by patients with CKD and to analyze the CAM-related information.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in Shanghai. In brief, 491 patients with CKD were studied in three hospitals from June to August 2022. Patients were selected using convenience sampling. The questionnaire was comprised of standard demographic questions as well as questions related to the use of CAM measures.
Results: Most CKD patients (80.58%) reported using CAM therapy, and the most common measures were medicinal herbs (87%) and acupuncture (31%). In general, CAM measures were used to treat co-morbidities (46.89%) and CKD (36.01%). Furthermore, 47.15% of patients reported using CAM therapy for 6 months, and 77.98% of patients did not disclose the use of CAM therapy to their physicians because they were not asked about it (69.77%). Approximately two-thirds of patients reported CAM to have benefits, and side effects were mentioned by 21.5% of patients. CAM therapy did not cause financial burdens for 70% of patients, and they would recommend CAM to relatives and friends.
Conclusion: CAM is widely used by patients with CKD, and medicinal herbs are the most common measure. Patients initiated CAM therapy after receiving information from relatives and friends. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the use of CAM measures to control and prevent adverse effects when combined with conventional medicines and treatments.
Clinical outcomes of surgical treatment of type III laryngotracheoesophageal clefts
Authors: Tan Letian , Xie Yi , Wu Xiufa , Li Qi , Chen Chao
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent transcervical repair with a posterior cartilage graft for type III laryngotracheoesophageal cleft (LTEC).MethodsA chart view was performed on patients with type III LTEC between May 2017 and May 2022. Demographic features and surgical outcomes were collected and analyzed.ResultsFive patients were finally included, and all patients survived and thrived postoperatively. Three patients were able to successfully extubate with acceptable voice, and two patients were tracheostomized. Four patients were deemed safe for all consistencies and one was safe for thickened.ConclusionsAn anterior laryngofissure approach to the cleft repair with a posterior cartilage graft is an effective and safe treatment for type III LTEC, whichenables closure of LTEC and reconstruction of cricoid plate in order to avoid tracheoesophageal fistula formation or subglottic stenosis postoperatively. Severe tracheomalacia and GERD are two main causes for surgical failure.
Prognostic significance of pretreatment albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) grade in patients with small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kut Engin , Menekşe Serkan
Published: January 2023

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is still poor. There is no effective biomarker other than stage in daily practice. However, in daily practice, patients may have different features and survival times even though they have the same stage. Previously, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) grade were used to determine the prognosis of acute-chronic liver failure and acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. In subsequent studies, they were found to be associated with prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other solid cancers.However, the prognostic relationship between ALBI grade, PALBI grade, and SCLC is unknown. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the relationship between ALBI grade and PALBI grade and prognosis in SCLC patients. Data of 138 patients with advanced SCLC at diagnosis between 2009 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The results of the multivariate analysis were as follows: ALBI grade 1 vs 2, hazard ratio (HR) = 2.905, p < 0.001 for overall survival (OS) and HR = 1.800, p < 0.001 for progression-free survival (PFS); ALBI grade 1 vs 3, HR = 4.340, p < 0.001 for OS and HR = 3.105, p < 0.001 for PFS; PALBI grade1 vs 2, HR = 2.031, p = 0.002 for OS and HR = 1.674, p < 0.001 for PFS; and PALBI grade 1 vs 3 (HR = 4.045, p < 0.001 for OS and HR = 2.972, p < 0.001 for PFS). In conclusion, the ALBI and PALBI grades were determined to be associated with the prognosis of SCLC, and they can be used as easy, inexpensive, and practical markers in determining the follow-up treatment and prognosis of SCLC patients.
The Extra length of stay, costs, and mortality associated with healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) at a referral hospital: a prospective nested case control study
Authors: najafpour zhila , moradi samaneh , cheraghian Bahman , keliddar iman , mombeyni razieh
Published: January 2023

Background:healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are one of the real risks in any health system and have a considerable effect on increased morbidity, mortality, and financial burden. The present study aims to investigate the mortality rate, length of stay, and hospitalization cost in patients with and without HCAI.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted on 396 Patients with and without HCAI. They were matched with the patients in the same ward and at the same time. This study was done in an educational hospital in Ahvaz with 800 beds for five months. Descriptive analyses were done based on total direct costs, LOS, and mortality rates in patients with and without HCAI. The magnitude of the relationship between risk factors and HCAI was quantified using the odds ratio (OR). Logistic regression was used to calculate the OR.Results:The most common HCAI and microorganisms were UTIs and E. coli. Infected patients had longer hospitalization times (mean 19.58 vs. 7.62, P < 0.05). The mortality rate in cases increased significantly compared with the uninfected group (22% vs. 4.7% P < 0.05). When compared with those who did not develop an infection (control group), infection was associated with significantly higher treatment cost (7399.13±9631.98) (2765.19±2999.33), (P< 0.001).Conclusions:An infection acquired during a hospital stay was associated with higher hospitalization costs, prolonged hospitalization, and a significant increase in the rate of mortality.
Comparing risk prediction models aimed at predicting hospitalizations for adverse drug events in community dwelling older adults: a protocol paper
Authors: Keller Michelle S. , Qureshi Nabeel , Albertson Elaine , Pevnick Joshua , Brandt Nicole , Bui Alex , Sarkisian Catherine A.
Published: January 2023

Background
The objective of this paper is to describe the creation, validation, and comparison of two risk prediction modeling approaches for community-dwelling older adults to identify individuals at highest risk for adverse drug event-related hospitalizations. One approach will use traditional statistical methods, the second will use a machine learning approach.
Methods
We will construct medication, clinical, health care utilization, and other variables known to be associated with adverse drug event-related hospitalizations. To create the cohort, we will include older adults (≥ 65 years of age) empaneled to a primary care physician within the Cedars-Sinai Health System primary care clinics with polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications) or at least 1 medication commonly implicated in ADEs (certain oral hypoglycemics, anti-coagulants, anti-platelets, and insulins). We will use a Fine-Gray Cox proportional hazards model for one risk modeling approach and DataRobot, a data science and analytics platform, to run and compare several widely used supervised machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, and K-Nearest Neighbors. We will use a variety of metrics to compare model performance and to assess the risk of algorithmic bias.
Discussion
In conclusion, we hope to develop a pragmatic model that can be implemented in the primary care setting to risk stratify older adults to further optimize medication management.
TGFBR1*6A and breast tumor fibrosis
Authors: Pasche Boris , Agyemang Kojo , Barker Grayson , Johansen Allan , Sheffield Kimberly , Li Wencheng , Grippo Paul , Kaklamani Virginia , Watabe Kounosuke , Cristofano Antonio Di
Published: January 2023

Dense fibrosis of the breast as assessed by mammography may be associated with early disease diagnosis. Radiation-induced fibrosis occurs in a large fraction of patients following breast conserving therapy and may be modified by genetic susceptibility. TGFBR1*6A is a high frequency, low penetrance TGFBR1 hypomorphic variant, which is associated with breast cancer risk. Here we show an association of TGFBR1*6A with breast cancer tissue fibrosis in mice and in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.
Preoperative versus postoperative rectus sheath block for acute postoperative pain relief: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nakazawa Mayuko , Fukushima Toko , Shoji Kazuhiro , Momosaki Ryo , Mio Yasushi
Published: January 2023

Background
Although rectus sheath block (RSB) is routinely used in laparoscopic surgeries to reduce mid-abdominal pain, it is unclear whether RSB should be performed before or after surgery. In this study, we investigated the optimal timing for RSB in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyzed patients who underwent RSB during laparoscopic procedures at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. The primary outcome was the first analgesia request within 24 h after the end of anesthesia. The patients were divided into preoperative RSB (pre-RSB) and postoperative RSB (post-RSB) groups. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze analgesia requests in the unmatched and propensity-score (PS)-matched patient populations.
Results
We analyzed the findings for 609 of 14284 patients (pre-RSB group, 227 patients; post-RSB group, 382 patients). After PS matching, 97 patients were assigned to both groups. Although the time from extubation to the first analgesic request was not significantly different between the two groups (322 versus 294 min, P = 0.57), the patients in the pre-RSB group showed a lower risk of postoperative first analgesic administration after PS matching (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.95; P = 0.023).
Conclusions
Among patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, the pre-RSB group tended to show a longer time to the first analgesic request. Patients in the pre-RSB group showed a lower risk of analgesic administration within 24 h than those in the post-RSB group. Thus, it may be preferable to perform RSB preoperatively.
Trial registration:
This study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network-Individual Case Data Repository (UMIN000047494).
High-density lipoprotein 2b combined with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score as a novel prognostic indicator for patients with sepsis
Authors: Chen Yuting , Jiang Yichun , Xia Andi , Huang Zewei , Liu Zhenmi , Hong Chengying , Lin Yaowang , Liu Xueyan
Published: January 2023

Background
Sepsis is a serious disease and patients have high risk of short-term mortality. Despite extensive research, there are no simple and reliable tools for predicting outcomes.
Purpose
To assess the value of the combined use of high-density lipoprotein 2b (HDL2b) level and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in predicting short-term mortality from sepsis.
Materials and Methods
Forty-seven sepsis patients and 11 non-septic controls who were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) from January 2020 to December 2021 were examined. HDL2b as a percentage of total HDL-C and SOFA score were recorded on the first day after admission. The primary endpoint was 28-day mortality and the secondary outcome was total in-hospital mortality.
Results
Compared to non-septic controls, septic patients had a lower HDL2b level (10.95% [8.95, 12.96] vs. 23.78% [14.53, 29.16], p < 0.001). Among sepsis patients, the HDL2b level was lower in non-survivors than survivors (6.74% [4.63, 8.08] vs. 11.78 [7.20, 13.40], p = 0.002]. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for predicting 28-day mortality were 0.755 for HDL2b, 0.782 for SOFA, and 0.806 for HDL2b + SOFA. Multivariate analyses indicated that HDL2b (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.780 [0.621, 0.978]), SOFA (aOR: 1.299 [0.927, 1.820]), and HDL2b + SOFA (aOR: 8.958 (1.037, 85.199]) were significant predictors of 28-day mortality. Patients with higher HDL2b + SOFA scores had higher rates of 28-day and overall in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Sepsis patients have reduced levels of HDL2b. HDL2b + SOFA score was a reliable predictor of 28-day and overall in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients.
Apatinib in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer patients
Authors: WU Qiuji , LIU Jia , LI Shaojie , WANG Juan , Zhong Yahua
Published: January 2023

BackgroundApatinib is a small tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the vascular endogenous growth receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) that shows potent anti-tumor activities in various advanced cancers via the inhibition of neo-angiogenesis. The effect of apatinib in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancers is not fully demonstrated.MethodsPatients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancers consecutively treated in our institute by apatinib from January 2015 to June 2022 were enrolled. Daily 250 mg or 500 mg apatinib was given with or without chemotherapy according to patients' tolerance. Disease response, treatment-related side effects and patient survival were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate patients' overall survival. The R software (version 4.1.3) were used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 85 patients (median [range] age, 53 [23-79] years; 68 male [80.0%]) were included for analysis. The median follow-up time was 30.4 (95% CI: 23.95- 40.70) months. By the end of the last follow-up, 43 (50.6%) patients died of disease progression. The median OS was 29.6 (95% CI: 12.39- 46.75) months, and the median PFS was 10.4 (95% CI: 6.11- 14.63) months. The ORR was 21.2%, and the DCR was 70.6%. The side effects were manageable and no treatment-associated death occurred. Multivariate analysis showed that OS was significantly associated with cancer pathology (squamous cell carcinoma vs. adenoid cystic carcinoma, HR=6.42, 95%CI:1.50-27.39, p = 0.0121; other types (adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma) vs. adenoid cystic carcinoma, HR=3.58, 95%CI:1.02-12.52, p = 0.0459).ConclusionApatinib showed promising anti-tumor activities in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancers. The side effects were manageable. The effect of apatinib in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancers warrants further verifications in larger-scale randomized studies.
Efficacy and Safety of Early Versus Delayed Reconstruction for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Tian-Ci , Feng Hui-Chuan , Yu Wei-Jie , Chen Ji-Xin , Zhai Jing-Bo , Liu Ai-Feng
Published: January 2023

Background: The selection of early and delayed anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) remains a controversial issue in the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of early versus delayed ACLR for ACL injuries based on the different cut-off values of the timing of operation.
Methods:PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and Wanfang Digital Periodical database were searched from inception to October 2022 without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies (CSs) comparing early ACLR and delayed ACLR for ACL injuries were included.
Results:Twenty-four studies (10 RCTs and 14 CSs) were included. According to the information from included studies, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after ACL injuries were considered as the cut-off values of early and delayed ACLR respectively. The results of CSs showed that early ACLR performed within 4 weeks or 12 months after ACL injuries could significantly improve the Lysholm score and VAS score at 6 and 12 months postoperatively and decrease the incidence of adverse events compared with delayed ACLR (P < 0.05). Our meta-analysis involving RCTs or CSs showed that early ACLR performed within 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months or 12 months after ACL injuries could significantly increase the IKDC score at 6 and 12 months postoperatively compared with delayed ACLR (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of Lachman test and incidence of meniscus injuries and chondral lesions between two groups when 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months or 12 months after ACL injuries were considered as the cut-off values of early and delayed ACLR (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The present study suggests that early ACLR performed within 4 weeks after ACL injuries may be more effective for improving the knee function and relieving the pain compared to delayed ACLR. More high-quality studies are still warranted.
Parasitic efficiency of Encarsia guadeloupae (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on symbiotic and antibiotic treated invasive whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Mooranayakkar Saranya , Samuel Kennedy John , Subramanian Jeyarani
Published: January 2023

Rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is an invasive pest on coconut and other horticultural crops found in India during July 2016. A nymphal parasitoid, Encarsia guadeloupae Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is a potential natural enemy of A. rugioperculatus. Insect-associated bacteria with whiteflies are reported to influence the efficacy of parasitoids. Hence, the present study investigated the parasitization efficiency and biological parameters of E. guadeloupae on symbiotic (untreated) and antibiotic-treated A. rugioperculatus nymphal stages reared on four host plants viz., coconut, banana, sapota, and guava. The molecular identification of E. guadeloupae and A. rugioperculatus were confirmed using the mtCOI gene. Combination of Carbenicillin 100 µg ml− 1 + Ciprofloxacin 5 µg ml− 1 antibiotics was provided to the A. rugioperculatus by direct feeding in a parafilm feeding chamber method and the resultant populations (cultivable bacteria eliminated) were subjected to parasitoid efficiency experiments for F4, F5, and F6 generations of A. rugioperculatus. Higher parasitism (74.70%), lower emergence rate (59.70%), and longer developmental time (21.00 days) of E. guadeloupae were observed in the antibiotic-treated population than in untreated A. rugioperculatus population of the F6 generation. Elimination of insect associated bacteria through antibiotics might have reduced the nutritional status of the whiteflies and led to more susceptibility towards parasitoid attack and poor parasitoid emergence and longer developmental time in the initial generations (F4) and the parasitoid coevolve to counteract the effect with the generational exposure.