bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxious Youth With a Physical Disability
Authors: Peterman Jeremy S. , Hoff Alexandra L. , Gosch Elizabeth , Kendall Philip C.
Published: October 2014

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line psychological intervention for youth with an anxiety disorder. Despite the prevalence of anxiety in youth with physical disabilities, the application and evaluation of CBT for such youth is sparse. The current report illustrates ways to adapt, implement, and evaluate CBT for youth with anxiety and a physical disability describing “Olivia,” a 12-year-old Caucasian female with generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, panic attacks, and cerebral palsy. Olivia received 24 one-hour sessions of outpatient CBT over the course of 9 months. At post-treatment, Olivia no longer met criteria for any anxiety diagnosis by parent- and child-report, with gains maintained at 2-month follow-up. Important therapeutic issues for working with comorbid anxious and physically challenged youth are addressed, such as therapeutic engagement, working within a multidisciplinary team, conflation of psychological and physical symptoms, parental accommodation, family interaction patterns, and modification of exposures and related treatment strategies.
Understanding the Heritage Language Student
Authors: Thompson Gregory L.
Published: October 2014

Given the ever-growing number of Spanish heritage learners in both universities and colleges, the need has continued to grow for the development of placement exams that accurately measure language ability, are simple to evaluate, and are easy to administer to large numbers of students. This article analyzes the implementation of a placement exam at a large public university, examines the results, and suggests ways to further develop heritage placement exams for Spanish heritage students.
Let the Reader Decide
Authors: Stanton Neville A. , Salmon Paul M. , Walker Guy H.
Published: October 2014

In science and engineering, there is a natural rise and fall of paradigms as progress is made. In this way a new paradigm becomes more established until it gives way to new developments. We think it is legitimate to raise concerns over the status quo and propose new paradigms. This is how science moves forward, but we do recognize that paradigm owners tend to resist change. We contend that distributed situation awareness presents a new paradigm for analyzing and explaining situation awareness in systems, and there is a groundswell of studies that are tipping the balance of evidence in that direction.
Endovascular repair of a complex giant infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Yoshida Ricardo A , Yoshida Winston B , Kolvenbach Ralf , Jaldin Rodrigo G , Sobreira Marcone L , Hirga Marcelo
Published: October 2014

Giant aortic aneurysms (transverse diameter greater than 10.0 cm) are rare and open surgery is often the treatment of choice. We report an infrarenal saccular giant aortic aneurysm (measuring 25 cm in transverse diameter), which was treated with endovascular repair, with immediate technical success. No similar report of a giant infrarenal aortic aneurysm treated with an endovascular technique was found in the literature. High-risk patients could possibly benefit from the endovascular technique. Nevertheless, patient survival remains strongly influenced by comorbidities.
Effects of Adipokines and Insulin on Intracellular pH, Calcium Concentration, and Responses to Hypo-Osmolarity in Human Articular Chondrocytes from Healthy and Osteoarthritic Cartilage
Authors: Sánchez Julio C. , López-Zapata Diego F.
Published: October 2014

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of adipokines and insulin on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and pH (pHi) in human articular chondrocytes from healthy (CHC) and osteoarthritic cartilage (COC).

Design:

pHi and [Ca2+]i were measured using BCECF and Fura-2 fluorometric probes in CHC and COC under control conditions and following a hypotonic shock. The effects of interleukin-1β (IL1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), insulin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed.

Results:

pHi was lower in COC than in CHC. Only IL1β β decreased pHi in both cell types; all the agents enhanced pHi recovery following an ammonium prepulse in CHC, effect that was attenuated by Na+–H+ exchanger inhibitors, but they had no effect in COC. Hypotonic shock (HTS) caused a pHi increase, which was significantly smaller in COC. All the hormones attenuated this response and the effect of IL1β was greater. The basal [Ca2+]i was similar in COC and CHC; IL1β, TNFα, and insulin increased the [Ca2+]i, but leptin, resistin, and adiponectin did not. These effects were greater in COC. This [Ca2+]i increase was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and attenuated by Na+–Ca2+ exchanger inhibitors. HTS caused a [Ca2+]i increase, which was inhibited by transient receptor potential vanilloid blockers and attenuated by all the hormones tested with the exception of adiponectin.

Conclusions:

These findings may help explain the association between obesity and osteoarthritis, in which these hormones are altered. The responses of CHC and COC are different, which suggests that a modification of pH and Ca2+ homeostasis is part of the osteoarthritis pathophysiology.
Bronchoscopic interventions with surfactant and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease for acute respiratory distress syndrome–type respiratory syncytial virus–pneumonia in moderately preterm infants: Case series
Authors: Krause Martin F , Ankermann Tobias
Published: October 2014

Atelectases, over-inflation of ventilated regions of the lung, and consecutive pneumothoraces are life-threatening conditions in mechanically ventilated infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome–type respiratory syncytial virus–pneumonia. The accumulation of viscous secretions secondary to impaired mucociliary clearance in the more proximal parts of the bronchial tree is the prerequisite for atelectases and also prevents the delivery of inhaled medications to the more distal parts of the lung. Herein, we describe four moderately premature infants with respiratory failure on mechanical ventilation, displaying a total of 20 radiologically verified new atelectases that were treated by bronchoscopic interventions with consecutive suctioning of secretions, restoration of the surfactant film within the airways, and deposition of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease at the first segment level of the bronchial tree. On 13 occasions (65%), resolution of atelectases was proven by chest X-ray and resulted in improved lung function. We conclude that these bronchoscopic interventions may contribute to the restoration of the gas exchange area in moderately premature infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome–type respiratory syncytial virus–pneumonia.
Long-term outcome of radical cystectomy – metropolitan Australia experience
Authors: Chen Emily C , McCahy Philip , Ranashinha Sanjeeva , Frydenberg Mark
Published: October 2014

Objective:

The objective of this article is to review the 10-year clinical outcomes of radical cystectomy (RC) for the treatment of localised bladder cancer from a major Australian metropolitan urology unit.

Material and methods:

A retrospective analysis identified prognostic factors that contributed to survival outcome in the 120 patients that underwent RC between 1998 and 2008. Patients with benign disease of the urinary bladder ( n = 10) and those with inadequate follow-up information ( n = 11) were excluded.

Results:

Complete data were available for 99 patients. The five-year survival for pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 was 36%, 47%, 22% and 0, respectively. Lymphadenectomy was not routinely performed as part of RC early in the study period. Multiple surgeons were involved in the cystectomy program.

Conclusion:

Long-term outcome of RC was considerably different from other published cystectomy series. Postulated reasons include: delay to surgery, surgeon/unit volume and underuse of pelvic lymphadenectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The establishment of a bladder cancer registry as well as practice guidelines are needed to improve future outcomes.
Diagnostic criteria for adverse health effects in the environs of wind turbines
Authors: McMurtry Robert Y , Krogh Carmen ME
Published: October 2014

Summary

In an effort to address climate change, governments have pursued policies that seek to reduce greenhouse gases. Alternative energy, including wind power, has been proposed by some as the preferred approach. Few would debate the need to reduce air pollution, but the means of achieving this reduction is important not only for efficiency but also for health protection. The topic of adverse health effects in the environs of industrial wind turbines (AHE/IWT) has proven to be controversial and can present physicians with challenges regarding the management of an exposure to IWT. Rural physicians in particular must be aware of the possibility of people presenting to their practices with a variety of sometimes confusing complaints. An earlier version of the diagnostic criteria for AHE/IWT was published in August 2011. A revised case definition and a model for a study to establish a confirmed diagnosis is proposed.
The Liberation Procedure Decision-Making Experience for People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Murray Cynthia L. , Ploughman Michelle , Harris Chelsea , Hogan Stephen , Murdoch Michelle , Stefanelli Mark
Published: October 2014

Despite the absence of scientific evidence demonstrating the efficacy of the “liberation procedure” in treating multiple sclerosis (MS), thousands of MS patients worldwide have undergone the procedure. The study objective was to explore the experience of liberation procedure decision making for individuals with MS. Fifteen adults in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, each participated in an in-depth interview. The data analysis revealed three groups of people: “waiters,” “early embracers,” and “late embracers.” Using van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological approach, we identified three themes each in the stories of the early and late embracers and four themes in the waiters’ stories. A characteristic of the late embracers and waiters was skepticism, whereas desperation set the embracers apart from the waiters. With a deeper understanding of the experience, nurses can be more attuned to the perspectives of MS patients while helping them make informed decisions about undergoing the liberation procedure.
Examining the Synergy of Practice
Authors: Phelan Amanda
Published: October 2014

Public health nurses in Ireland are charged with conducting a home visit to every postnatal mother within 48 hours of hospital discharge. This represents the beginning of a long-term relationship, not only with the mother and newborn child but also with the family. This article fundamentally demonstrates the essential work of the public health nurse in promoting the health of the baby within a family. In this article, the expertise the public health nurse uses in the first visit is examined in the context of 3 competencies: communication, partnerships with the family, and partnerships with individual family members. This expertise provides the foundation for a long-term therapeutic relationship with the family to the essential benefit of the baby’s early childhood growth and developmental milestones. Consequently, the first postnatal visit by public health nursing in Ireland represents a synergy of practice, which provides the foundation for enduring family relationships focused on potentializing both individual family members’ health and the family as a dynamic unit.
Infantile Feeding Difficulties
Authors: McCarthy Laura C. , Raju Venkedesh , Kandikattu Bhavana S. , Mitchell Craig S.
Published: October 2014

Background. Gastric volvulus refers to a torsion of all or part of the stomach that may cause an obstruction of the foregut. The clinical symptoms of gastric volvulus range from asymptomatic to life-threatening and thus must be rapidly diagnosed. However, the presenting symptoms of gastric volvulus vary widely, which may cause diagnosis to be delayed or missed. Objective. Describe varying presentations of gastric volvulus (including a case report of a rare presentation), pathophysiology of the entity, and how to diagnose/treat the phenomenon. Design/Method. Article review and case presentation. Results. Our patient was taken to the operating room for a gastropexy and G-tube placement. During surgery, the stomach was redundant and large, but not currently torsed, consistent with intermittent organoaxial volvulus. There are several approaches to classifying gastric volvulus as well as different theories on how to treat the volvulus based on type and degree of rotation that this article aims to detail more thoroughly. Conclusion. There are a growing number of case reports describing gastric volvulus, which had historically been viewed as a rare finding. The presenting symptoms of gastric volvulus commonly mimic other, more benign newborn diagnoses, and thus can be difficult to diagnose. We present our patient as well as an article review of other cases to highlight the diverse presentations of gastric volvulus so this potentially devastating disease can be diagnosed quickly with prompt treatment initiation.
Thrombocytopenia impairs host defense in gram-negative pneumonia–derived sepsis in mice
Authors: de Stoppelaar Sacha F. , van ’t Veer Cornelis , Claushuis Theodora A. M. , Albersen Bregje J. A. , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , van der Poll Tom
Published: October 2014

Key Points

Severe thrombocytopenia is associated with a strongly impaired host defense during pneumonia-derived Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis. Platelet counts between 5 and 13 × 109/L of normal prevent bleeding and confer protection against distant organ damage during gram-negative sepsis.
Algorithms with variant anchors for pseudocontractive mappings
Authors: Guo Lijin , Kang Shin Min , Jung Chahn Yong
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this paper is to find the fixed points of pseudocontractive mappings by using the iterative technique. Two algorithms with variant anchors have been introduced. Strong convergence results are given. Especially, we can find the minimum-norm fixed point of pseudocontractive mappings.

MSC:47H05, 47H10, 47H17.
DIHAT: Differential Integrator Handover Algorithm with TTT window for LTE-based systems
Authors: Chen Xianda , Kim Kyung Tae , Lee Byungjun , Youn Hee Yong
Published: October 2014

Handover is one of the key operations in the mobility management of long-term evolution (LTE)-based systems. Hard handover decided by handover margin and time to trigger (TTT) has been adopted in third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) LTE with the purpose of reducing the complexity of network architecture. Various handover algorithms, however, have been proposed for 3GPP LTE to maximize the system goodput and minimize packet delay. In this paper, a new handover approach enhancing the existing handover schemes is proposed. It is mainly based on the two notions of handover management: lazy handover for avoiding ping-pong effect and early handover for handling real-time services. Lazy handover is supported by disallowing handover before the TTT window expires, while early handover is supported even before the window expires if the rate change in signal power is very large. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with two well-known handover algorithms based on goodput per cell, average packet delay, number of handovers per second, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The simulation with LTE-Sim reveals that the proposed scheme significantly enhances the goodput while reducing packet delay and unnecessary handover.
BioPhytMol: a drug discovery community resource on anti-mycobacterial phytomolecules and plant extracts
Authors: Sharma Arun , Dutta Prasun , Sharma Maneesh , Rajput Neeraj Kumar , Dodiya Bhavna , Georrge John J , Kholia Trupti , Bhardwaj Anshu ,   OSDD Consortium
Published: October 2014

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading cause of death from a single infectious organism, demanding attention towards discovery of novel anti-tubercular compounds. Natural products or their derivatives have provided more than 50% of all existing drugs, offering a chemically diverse space for discovery of novel drugs.

Description

BioPhytMol has been designed to systematically curate and analyze the anti-mycobacterial natural product chemical space. BioPhytMol is developed as a drug-discovery community resource with anti-mycobacterial phytomolecules and plant extracts. Currently, it holds 2582 entries including 188 plant families (692 genera and 808 species) from global flora, manually curated from literature. In total, there are 633 phytomolecules (with structures) curated against 25 target mycobacteria. Multiple analysis approaches have been used to prioritize the library for drug-like compounds, for both whole cell screening and target-based approaches. In order to represent the multidimensional data on chemical diversity, physiochemical properties and biological activity data of the compound library, novel approaches such as the use of circular graphs have been employed.

Conclusion

BioPhytMol has been designed to systematically represent and search for anti-mycobacterial phytochemical information. Extensive compound analyses can also be performed through web-application for prioritizing drug-like compounds. The resource is freely available online at http://ab-openlab.csir.res.in/biophytmol/.
Cost Effectiveness of Molecular Profiling for Adjuvant Decision Making in Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Bonastre Julia , Marguet Sophie , Lueza Beranger , Michiels Stefan , Delaloge Suzette , Saghatchian Mahasti
Published: October 2014

Purpose

To conduct an economic evaluation of the 70-gene signature used to guide adjuvant chemotherapy decision making both in patients with node-negative breast cancer (NNBC) and in the subgroup of estrogen receptor (ER) –positive patients.

Patients and Methods

We used a mixed approach combining patient-level data from a multicenter validation study of the 70-gene signature (untreated patients) and secondary sources for chemotherapy efficacy, unit costs, and utility values. Three strategies on which to base the decision to administer adjuvant chemotherapy were compared: the 70-gene signature, Adjuvant! Online, and chemotherapy in all patients. In the base-case analysis, costs from the French National Insurance Scheme, life-years (LYs), and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were computed for the three strategies over a 10-year period. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves using the net monetary benefit were computed, combining bootstrap and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.

Results

The mean differences in LYs and QALYs were similar between the three strategies. The 70-gene signature strategy was associated with a higher cost, with a mean difference of €2,037 (range, €1,472 to €2,515) compared with Adjuvant! Online and of €657 (95% CI, −€642 to €3,130) compared with systematic chemotherapy. For a €50,000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold, the probability of being the most cost-effective strategy was 92% (76% in ER-positive patients) for the Adjuvant! Online strategy, 6% (4% in ER-positive patients) for the systematic chemotherapy strategy, and 2% (20% in ER-positive patients) for the 70-gene strategy.

Conclusion

Optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy decision making based on the 70-gene signature is unlikely to be cost effective in patients with NNBC.
Patterns and Predictors of Unplanned Hospitalization in a Population-Based Cohort of Elderly Patients With GI Cancer
Authors: Manzano Joanna-Grace M. , Luo Ruili , Elting Linda S. , George Marina , Suarez-Almazor Maria E.
Published: October 2014

Purpose

Hospitalizations among patients with cancer are common and costly and, if unplanned, may interrupt oncologic treatment. The rate of unplanned hospitalizations in the population of elderly patients with cancer is unknown. We sought to describe and quantify patterns and risk factors for early unplanned hospitalization among elderly patients with GI cancer.

Patients and Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked Texas Cancer Registry and Medicare claims data from 2001 to 2009. Texas residents age 66 years or older initially diagnosed with GI cancer between 2001 and 2007 were included in the study. The unplanned hospitalization rate was estimated, and reasons for unplanned hospitalization were evaluated. Risk factors were identified using adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling.

Results

Thirty thousand one hundred ninety-nine patients were included in our study, 59% of whom had one or more unplanned hospitalizations. Of 60,837 inpatient claims, 58% were unplanned. The rate of unplanned hospitalization was 93 events per 100 person-years. The most common reasons for unplanned hospitalization were fluid and electrolyte disorders, intestinal obstruction, and pneumonia. Multivariable analysis showed that black race; residing in census tracts with poverty levels greater than 13.3%; esophageal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer; advanced disease stage; high Charlson comorbidity index score; and dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid increased the risk for unplanned hospitalization (all P values < .05).

Conclusion

Unplanned hospitalizations among elderly patients with GI cancer are common. Some of the top reasons for unplanned hospitalization are potentially preventable, suggesting that comorbidity management and close coordination among involved health care providers should be promoted.
Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients With Previous Hepatitis B Virus Exposure Undergoing Rituximab-Containing Chemotherapy for Lymphoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Seto Wai-Kay , Chan Thomas S.Y. , Hwang Yu-Yan , Wong Danny Ka-Ho , Fung James , Liu Kevin Sze-Hang , Gill Harinder , Lam Yuk-Fai , Lie Albert K.W. , Lai Ching-Lung , Kwong Yok-Lam , Yuen Man-Fung
Published: October 2014

Purpose

Patterns of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) –negative, antihepatitis B core antigen antibody (anti-HBc) –positive patients with lymphoma receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy have not been well described.

Patients and Methods

HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc–positive Chinese patients with undetectable serum HBV DNA (< 10 IU/mL), diagnosed with hematologic malignancies and receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy, were prospectively monitored every 4 weeks for up to 2 years. Entecavir was started when HBV reactivation (defined as detectable HBV DNA) was encountered.

Results

Among 260 patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy, 63 patients (24.2%) who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive underwent follow-up for a median of 70 weeks (range, 6 to 104 weeks). The 2-year cumulative rate of HBV reactivation was 41.5%, occurring at a median of 23 weeks (range, 4 to 100 weeks) after rituximab treatment. The median HBV DNA level at reactivation was 43 IU/mL (range, 14 to 920 IU/mL). A baseline undetectable antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs; < 10 mIU/mL) was the only significant risk factor that was positively associated with HBV reactivation (hazard ratio, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.37 to 8.98; P = .009). Patients with negative baseline anti-HBs, compared with those with positive anti-HBs, had a significantly higher 2-year cumulative rate of HBV reactivation (68.3% v 34.4%; P = .012). At HBV reactivation, all patients had normal ALT, and all patients but one were HBsAg negative. Entecavir successfully controlled HBV reactivation in all patients.

Conclusion

A high rate of HBV reactivation was observed in HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc–positive patients undergoing rituximab-containing chemotherapy, with the risk of reactivation significantly higher in anti-HBs–negative patients. Periodic HBV DNA monitoring was an effective strategy in preventing HBV-related complications.
Plasma Steroid Dynamics in Late- and Near-term Naturally and Artificially Conceived Bovine Pregnancies as Elucidated by Multihormone High-resolution LC-MS/MS
Authors: Martins-Júnior Helio A. , Pinaffi Fábio L. V. , Simas Rosineide C. , Tarouco Adriana K. , Ferreira Christina R. , Silva Luciano A. , Nogueira Guilherme P. , Meirelles Flávio V. , Eberlin Marcos N. , Perecin Felipe
Published: October 2014

The plasma levels of corticosteroids and sex steroids during pregnancy are key indicators of mammalian placental function and the onset of parturition. Steroid hormones are believed to be disturbed in pregnancies produced using assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) due to placental dysfunction and the frequently observed lack of parturition signals. To elucidate the plasma steroid dynamics, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and used to determine the levels of corticosteroids (corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol) and their direct precursors (progesterone and 17α-OH-progesterone) as well as sex steroids (androstenedione, estrone, estrone sulfate, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol) in bovine plasma. The levels of these 10 steroids in recipient cows carrying naturally conceived (control), in vitro fertilized (IVF), or cloned (somatic cell nuclear transfer) conceptuses were compared during late-term pregnancy (30 days before parturition), during near-term pregnancy (1 day before parturition), and on the day of parturition (day 0). Significant differences were observed among the corticosteroid levels: higher levels of corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol were detected in cloned pregnancies at day 30; lower levels of corticosterone were observed in ART-derived pregnancies at days 1 and 0; and estrone and estradiol levels were higher in IVF pregnancies throughout the final development. These results suggested an upregulation of the P450C11 and P450C21 enzymes 30 days before parturition in somatic cell nuclear transfer pregnancies and an overactivation of the aromatase enzyme in IVF pregnancies. Taken together, the monitoring of multiple steroid hormones revealed that the pregnancies obtained using ART exhibited plasma steroid concentration dynamics compatible with the dysregulation of steroidogenic tissues.
Endocrine Disruption in Human Placenta: Expression of the Dioxin-Inducible Enzyme, Cyp1a1, Is Correlated With That of Thyroid Hormone-Regulated Genes
Authors: Wadzinski Thomas L. , Geromini Katherine , McKinley Brewer Judy , Bansal Ruby , Abdelouahab Nadia , Langlois Marie-France , Takser Larissa , Zoeller R. Thomas
Published: October 2014

Context:

Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for normal development; therefore, disruption of TH action by a number of industrial chemicals is critical to identify. Several chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls are metabolized by the dioxin-inducible enzyme CYP1A1; some of their metabolites can interact with the TH receptor. In animals, this mechanism is reflected by a strong correlation between the expression of CYP1A1 mRNA and TH-regulated mRNAs. If this mechanism occurs in humans, we expect that CYP1A1 expression will be positively correlated with the expression of genes regulated by TH.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that CYP1A1 mRNA expression is correlated with TH-regulated mRNAs in human placenta.

Methods:

One hundred sixty-four placental samples from pregnancies with no thyroid disease were obtained from the GESTE study (Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada). Maternal and cord blood TH levels were measured at birth. The mRNA levels of CYP1A1 and placental TH receptor targets [placental lactogen (PL) and GH-V] were quantitated by quantitative PCR.

Results:

CYP1A1 mRNA abundance varied 5-fold across 132 placental samples that had detectable CYP1A1 mRNA. CYP1A1 mRNA was positively correlated with PL (r = 0.64; P < .0001) and GH-V (P < .0001, r = 0.62) mRNA. PL and GH-V mRNA were correlated with each other (r = 0.95; P < .0001), suggesting a common activator. The mRNAs not regulated by TH were not correlated with CYP1A1 expression.

Conclusions:

CYP1A1 mRNA expression is strongly associated with the expression of TH-regulated target gene mRNAs in human placenta, consistent with the endocrine-disrupting action of metabolites produced by CYP1A1.
Analysis of the expression patterns, subcellular localisations and interaction partners of Drosophila proteins using a pigP protein trap library
Authors: Lowe Nick , Rees Johanna S. , Roote John , Ryder Ed , Armean Irina M. , Johnson Glynnis , Drummond Emma , Spriggs Helen , Drummond Jenny , Magbanua Jose P. , Naylor Huw , Sanson Bénédicte , Bastock Rebecca , Huelsmann Sven , Trovisco Vitor , Landgraf Matthias , Knowles-Barley Seymour , Armstrong J. Douglas , White-Cooper Helen , Hansen Celia , Phillips Roger G. ,   The UK Drosophila Protein Trap Screening Consortium, Lilley Kathryn S. , Russell Steven , St Johnston Daniel
Published: October 2014

Although we now have a wealth of information on the transcription patterns of all the genes in the Drosophila genome, much less is known about the properties of the encoded proteins. To provide information on the expression patterns and subcellular localisations of many proteins in parallel, we have performed a large-scale protein trap screen using a hybrid piggyBac vector carrying an artificial exon encoding yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and protein affinity tags. From screening 41 million embryos, we recovered 616 verified independent YFP-positive lines representing protein traps in 374 genes, two-thirds of which had not been tagged in previous P element protein trap screens. Over 20 different research groups then characterized the expression patterns of the tagged proteins in a variety of tissues and at several developmental stages. In parallel, we purified many of the tagged proteins from embryos using the affinity tags and identified co-purifying proteins by mass spectrometry. The fly stocks are publicly available through the Kyoto Drosophila Genetics Resource Center. All our data are available via an open access database (Flannotator), which provides comprehensive information on the expression patterns, subcellular localisations and in vivo interaction partners of the trapped proteins. Our resource substantially increases the number of available protein traps in Drosophila and identifies new markers for cellular organelles and structures.
A theoretical framework for the regulation of Shh morphogen-controlled gene expression
Authors: Cohen Michael , Page Karen M. , Perez-Carrasco Ruben , Barnes Chris P. , Briscoe James
Published: October 2014

How morphogen gradients govern the pattern of gene expression in developing tissues is not well understood. Here, we describe a statistical thermodynamic model of gene regulation that combines the activity of a morphogen with the transcriptional network it controls. Using Sonic hedgehog (Shh) patterning of the ventral neural tube as an example, we show that the framework can be used together with the principled parameter selection technique of approximate Bayesian computation to obtain a dynamical model that accurately predicts tissue patterning. The analysis indicates that, for each target gene regulated by Gli, which is the transcriptional effector of Shh signalling, there is a neutral point in the gradient, either side of which altering the Gli binding affinity has opposite effects on gene expression. This explains recent counterintuitive experimental observations. The approach is broadly applicable and provides a unifying framework to explain the temporospatial pattern of morphogen-regulated gene expression.
Low‐copy nuclear data confirm rampant allopolyploidy in the Cystopteridaceae (Polypodiales)
Authors: Rothfels Carl J. , Johnson Anne K. , Windham Michael D. , Pryer Kathleen M.
Published: October 2014

Here we present the first nuclear phylogeny for Cystopteridaceae (Polypodiales), using the single‐copy locusgapCp“short”. This phylogeny corroborates broad results from plastid data in demonstrating strong support for the monophyly of the family's three genera—Cystopteris, Acystopteris, andGymnocarpium—and of the major groups withinCystopteris(C. montana, the sudetica and bulbifera clades, and theC. fragiliscomplex). In addition, it confirms the rampant hybridization (allopolyploidy) that has long been suspected within bothCystopterisandGymnocarpium. In some cases, these data provide the first DNA‐sequence‐based evidence for previous hypotheses of polyploid species origins (such as the cosmopolitanG. dryopterisbeing an allotetraploid derivative of the diploidsG. appalachianumandG. disjunctum). Most of the allopolyploids, however, have no formal taxonomic names. This pattern is particularly strong within theC. fragiliscomplex, where our results imply that the eight included accessions of “C. fragilis” represent at least six distinct allopolyploid taxa.
The comparison of behavioral and emotional problems in children with a bipolar parent and children with healthy parents in Zahedan, Iran, 2011
Authors: FIROOZKOUHI MOGHADDAM MAHBOUBEH , BAKHSHANI NOUR MOHAMMAD , heidaripoor Amir hossein , Assareh MARZYEH , ALIAN NAJAFABADI SOMAYEH
Published: October 2014

Aim of the study

Mental illness in parents can cause behavioral problems in children because of genetic contribution and their narrowed parenting capabilities. Organic and psychotic disease in mother and father can affect their role in family and rising up children with genetic tendency to bipolar disorder in family
which have impaired competence to bringing up the children increases the risk of mental damagess.

Subject or material and methods

In this descriptive-cross sectional study 65 children of bipolar parents (case group) and 65 with healthy parents (control) where chosen with convenience sampling and compared with child behavior check list (CBCL).comparison of mean scores on CBCL scales between the two
groups was performed by using statistical T test and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

Findings showed that the mean scores of CBCL were higher in case group than in control group
and boys had higher scores than girls in case group.
Significant relation between birth order and mean CBCL scores in anxiety, somatic complain, attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder subscales was found (p<0.05) and CBCL mean scores
in anxiety subscale had significant relation with duration of disorders in parents.(p<0.05)

Discussion

The higher CBCL mean scores in bipolar parents’ children than control group may suggest there is higher emotional and behavioral problems and increase in risk of bipolar disorder.

Conclusions

Higher degree of emotional &behavioral problems in off springs of BMD patients may predict mood disorders in future.
Methodological findings in studies on adoptive families
Authors: Kalus Alicja
Published: October 2014

The issue of adoptive families is the object of interest for many researchers, especially outside Polish borders. A critical analysis of previous studies on adoption shows that the scientific value of many of the existing studies raises many doubts. There is a little amount of studies on family systems. It seems worthy to note that numerous studies are conducted in the cause-effect model of explaining phenomena in the adoptive family. Discussed issues include: theoretical models, arrangement of studies, especially the selection of the test group and the research methods used in the study on adoptive families. Conducting scientific research is essential for the adoption practice. Among psychologists-practitioners exists a disturbing belief that working with adoptive families can be based on the experience gained in psychological practice. This fact can be explained by the existing lack of willingness of adoptive families to cooperate in the field of scientific research. Lack of this cooperation significantly limits the access to the study population of adoptive families.
Outcome of Polish teenage patients with eating disorders
Authors: Pilecki Maciej , Józefik Barbara , Solecka Dorota , Cygankiewicz Patrycja
Published: October 2014

Aim of the study

The aim of the study was to assess outcome of patients with eating disorders in the Polish socio-cultural context.

Subject or material and methods

Re-assessed after 6.72 years (SD 0.99 years, min 4.58 years, max 8.81 years) 47 of 112 patients consulted initially in the outpatient clinic of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit between 2002/2004 in Krakow, Poland with one of the eating disorders.

Results

Complete remission (absence of symptoms for three months) took place in 55% of patients from the restrictive anorexia nervosa group, 27.3% patients from the bulimia nervosa group. A full range of symptoms was observed in 10% of patients from the restrictive anorexia nervosa group and 36.4% of patients from the bulimia nervosa group. In both groups, the longer the follow-up study, the worse outcome was observed.

Discussion

Small size of group in the follow-up study caused a significant limitation.

Conclusions

Conclusion: The remission rates indices for restrictive anorexia nervosa are similar to these presented in other follow-up studies. In the case of bulimia nervosa they are lower than average. An analysis of diagnosis variability between the initial and the follow up assessment indicates low cross-over rate from anorexia nervosa to bulimia nervosa group.
The Archaeological Activity of J.T. Milik During His Stay in Jerusalem (1952-1961)
Authors: Kapera Zdzisław J.
Published: October 2014

As a thirty-year-old Polish biblical scholar, J. T. Milik (1922-2006) would certainly not have expected that, alongside the study of scrolls, archaeological research would occupy his time for a decade in the École Biblique of Jerusalem. Yet by March 1952 he had already discovered the Cave of Timothy in the Qumran cliff and in September of the same year he worked with Father Roland de Vaux in Cave 4 and discovered Cave 5. He then took part in the second, third, forth and fifth expeditions at Khirbet Qumran and at ‘Ain Feshkha and undertook small excavations with Frank M. Cross in the heart of the Judean Desert. He also cooperated with Father Bellarmino Bagatti at Dominus Flevit in Jerusalem and personally discovered several Second Temple tombs with ossuaries close to Jerusalem. Furthermore, in cooperation with Father Jean Starcky, he found many hundreds of Nabataean inscriptions over the course of two expeditions. He certainly was not only a genius epigrapher, brilliant philologist and the co-founder of Qumranology, but also, in the best sense of the word, a biblical archaeologist.
Demand Uncertainty and the Bayesian Effect in Markdown Pricing with Strategic Customers
Authors: Whang Seungjin
Published: October 2014

This paper studies the role of demand uncertainty in temporal discrimination when the retailer applies markdown pricing facing strategic customers. We consider a model in which a retail firm announces a pair of declining prices for two selling periods, and customers with heterogeneous valuations each decide whether to buy a unit early, later or never. In this model, if the demand function is linear and its parameters are common knowledge, there never exist any markdown prices that achieve temporal discrimination for any feasible model parameters. Either all buying customers wait, or all buy early. By contrast, if the demand level is unknown, there always exists a temporally discriminating markdown pricing scheme for all feasible model parameters. We derive qualitative insights to the way demand uncertainty and Bayesian updating contribute to temporal discrimination, which broadly apply to nonlinear demand functions as well. We also show that in case of demand uncertainty, there always exists a temporally discriminating pricing scheme that yields a strictly higher profit to the retailer than the optimal static pricing scheme. Ironically, however, the retailer cannot implement the optimal scheme due to the same demand uncertainty.
Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms in the UK
Authors: Rudarakanchana Nung , Jenkins Michael
Published: October 2014

Outcomes of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair are improving in the UK, at least in part as a result of vascular specialization, the reconfiguration of services to dedicated vascular centres and the advent of the national screening programme.
Treatment of a paediatric patient with a distal lower extremity traumatic wound using a dermal regeneration template and NPWT
Authors: Saab I.R. , Sarhane K.A. , Ezzeddine H.M. , Abu-Sittah G.S. , Ibrahim A.E.
Published: October 2014

Degloving injuries are common in trauma and represent a spectrum of complex wounds, the management of which may be highly challenging especially in the paediatric population. In severe injuries leading to wounds reaching tendon and bone, vascularity is compromised precluding traditional wound management, and sometimes necessitating amputation. This report highlights the use of a dermal regeneration template combined with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) in the treatment of complex traumatic degloving wounds. Here, we present a case of a five-year-old boy who sustained a high-energy shear injury to his lower extremity that resulted in an extensive degloving wound involving the distal third of his leg and the dorsum of his foot. After debridement, the patient underwent VAC combined with a dermal skin substitute placement, followed by split-thickness skin grafting. The extremity healed with no complications and without the need for amputation or flap reconstruction, achieving satisfactory recovery of range of motion and favourable cosmetic results.
Evaluación de la gestión en el Parque Regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia)
Authors: Ballesteros Pelegrín Gustavo A.
Published: October 2014

El Parque Regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar es un territorio multifuncional desde el punto de vista social, económico y ambiental, donde es imposible separar y, por tanto gestionar de forma independiente, las tramas paisajísticas y ecológicas de las tramas socioeconómicas. Para su gestión, la Administración se apoya en el Plan de Ordenación de los Recursos Naturales aprobado en 1995, que sin embargo ha sido ejecutado en el 50 % de su articulado. Se desarrollan diversas iniciativas de conservación de fauna y flora silvestre, recogida de residuos sólidos, una adecuada información al visitante y mejora del conocimiento de los diferentes elementos de los espacios protegido. Sin embargo la participación social es escasa, la Junta Rectora se ha reunido en solo cuatro ocasiones, la última en 2001, se han producido desarrollos urbanísticos en la periferia del Parque que producen deterioro paisajístico y se han desarrollado una serie de infraestructuras que han reducido en unas 7 hectáreas la superficie protegida.
La conducta punible en el Derecho Penal colombiano: análisis del artículo 9 del Código Penal
Authors: Sánchez Zapata Sebastián Felipe
Published: October 2014

El artículo 9 del Código Penal colombiano define, como norma rectora del sistema penal, a la conducta punible. El siguiente texto, cuestionando la recepción acrítica de doctrinas extranjeras al ordenamiento jurídico (y también Códigos, normas, etc.), expone algunos de los puntos más trascendentales de la teoría del delito, entre ellos, el concepto de conducta, desvalor de acción y resultado, relación de causalidad e imputación, ubicación sistemática del dolo y el tratamiento penal de los imputables) a través de las interpretaciones de la doctrina penal colombiana.
La aplicación de la denominada business judgment rule en el derecho argentino
Authors: Abdala Martín
Published: October 2014

Los administradores societarios deben observar estrictos deberes de comportamiento y, si no lo hacen, puede imputárseles responsabilidad. La business judgment rule es una morigeración al régimen de responsabilidad y establece que los jueces no revisarán las decisiones empresarial tomadas por los administradores, quienes no podrán ser responsabilizados por ellas. Son requisitos para aplicarse esa regla: a) que la decisión esté dentro de la esfera de la competencia del administrador, no se trate de una imposición legal y no fuera un comportamiento doloso; b) que no hubiera significado la asunción de riesgos extraordinarios y c) que los managers se informaron en forma adecuada y suficiente antes de tomarla. En el derecho argentino no hay una norma que se refiera a la business judgment rule, no hay antecedentes jurisprudenciales relevantes con relación al tema y son pocos los doctrinarios que se han ocupado de abordar esta problemática. Su aplicación presupone que los administradores no actuaron con dolo ni con culpa grave. En la doctrina vernácula se discute si hay responsabilidad de los administradores por culpa leve o levísima. Un sector de los autores afirma que no, y sostiene que sólo hay responsabilidad si se actuó con dolo o culpa grave y, en este caso, la BJR es inaplicable. Nosotros sostenemos que hay responsabilidad en todos los casos en los que haya culpa, sin importar su grado, y, en este supuesto, adquiere importancia la business judgment rule, que permite sustraer a los managers de responsabilidad cuando no hubieran actuado con dolo ni culpa grave.
Cohomology of 3-points configuration spaces of complex projective spaces
Authors: Ashraf Samia , Berceanu Barbu
Published: October 2014

We compute the Betti numbers and describe the cohomology algebras of the ordered and unordered configuration spaces of three points in complex projective spaces, including the infinite dimensional case. We also compute these invariants for the configuration spaces of three collinear and non-collinear points.
The holomorphic symplectic structures on hyper-Kähler manifolds of type A∞
Authors: Hattori Kota
Published: October 2014

Hyper-Kähler manifolds of type A∞ are noncompact complete Ricci-flat Kähler manifolds of complex dimension 2. We study the holomorphic symplectic structures preserved by the natural ℂx-actions on these manifolds, and we give sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of ℂx-equivariant biholomorphisms between two hyper-Kähler manifolds of type A∞ preserving their holomorphic symplectic structures. As a consequence, we can show the existence of a complex manifold of dimension 2 on which there is a continuous family of complete Ricci-flat Kähler metrics with distinct volume growth.
On the initial value problem for causal variational principles
Authors: Finster Felix , Grotz Andreas
Published: October 2014

We formulate the initial value problem for causal variational principles in the continuous setting on a compact metric space. The existence and uniqueness of solutions is analyzed. The results are illustrated by simple examples.
A Note on the Control Function Approach with an Instrumental Variable and a Binary Outcome
Authors: Tchetgen Tchetgen Eric
Published: October 2014

Unobserved confounding is a well-known threat to causal inference in non-experimental studies. The instrumental variable design can under certain conditions be used to recover an unbiased estimator of a treatment effect even if unobserved confounding cannot be ruled out with certainty. For continuous outcomes, two stage least squares is the most common instrumental variable estimator used in epidemiologic applications. For a rare binary outcome, an analogous linear-logistic two stage procedure can be used. Alternatively, a control function approach is sometimes used which entails entering the residual from the first stage linear model for exposure as a covariate in a second stage logistic regression of the outcome on the treatment. Both strategies for binary response have previously formally been justified only for continuous exposure, which has impeded widespread use of the approach outside of this setting. In this note, we consider the important setting of binary exposure in the context of a binary outcome. We provide an alternative motivation for the control function approach which is appropriate for binary exposure, thus establishing simple conditions under which the approach may be used for instrumental variable estimation when the outcome is rare. In the proposed approach, the first stage regression involves a logistic model of the exposure conditional on the instrumental variable, and the second stage regression is a logistic regression of the outcome on the exposure adjusting for the first stage residual. In the event of a non-rare outcome, we recommend replacing the second stage logistic model with a risk ratio regression.