bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Residual Stress and Acoustic Emission Signals in the Turning Operation of Hardened Aisi 4340 Steel
Authors: Silva Anderson Edson da , Barbosa Jorge Wanderson , de Melo Ismael Nogueira Rabelo , Pottie André Leon Ferreira , Souza Mariana de Paula , Maia Luís Henrique Andrade
Published: October 2024

Residual stress is a critical factor that influences the lifespan of mechanical components subjected to fatigue. Compressive stress tends to extend the life of a component, whereas tensile stress can shorten it. Acoustic emission (AE) signals have been linked to phenomena occurring during manufacturing processes; however, only a few studies have been conduct to correlate AE signals with the surface integrity of machined parts. In this study, an approach for correlating residual stress with AE signals is introduced. AISI 4340 steel specimens are machined by using ceramic tools, with varied cutting speeds, feed rates, and depths of cut, and AE signals are recorded during the process. The signals are processed and analyzed by using the spectral entropy technique, also known as Shannon entropy or information entropy. The results reveal that the appropriate application of frequency filters uncovers regions of strong correlation between the spectral entropy of the AE signals and the residual stress. The observed correlation can contribute to the optimization and control of machining processes and help to achieve the desired residual stress levels.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Rural Chinese Hemodialysis Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Zhaoqi , Lin Juhua , Chen Zhiqiang , Li Rugang , Tang Junping , Liu Quan , Ning Lin , He Min
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of depression among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in rural China during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 14 hemodialysis centers in northern Guangdong Province from April to October 2021. Depression was evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify associated factors.
Results
Of the 450 MHD patients enrolled, 160 (35.6%) met the criteria for depression, with 91.8% cases being of mild severity. After adjusting for demographic, dialysis-related, laboratory, pandemic-associated lifestyle changes, and psychological variables, discomfort during dialysis [Odds ratio (OR) 1.654, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.105–2.474] and infection worry (OR 1.719, 95% CI 1.121–2.636) were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression. In contrast, college education was linked to a lower risk (OR 0.456, 95% CI 0.245–0.846).
Conclusion
During the COVID-19 pandemic in rural China, mild depression were common among MHD patients. Mandatory behavioral interventions did not contribute to depression, while discomfort during dialysis and infection worry emerged as risk factors, and college education was associated with a lower risk.
Do social and psychological resources mitigate the effects of self-perceived negative and positive ageism on older adults' quality of life?
Authors: Kalaitzaki Argyroula , Vozikaki Maria , Werner Perla
Published: October 2024

The present study examined the association of self-perceived negative and positive ageism (PNA/PPA) by older adults in Greece on their quality of life (QoL) and the moderating effects of psychological capital (i.e., self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience) and social support. This web-based cross-sectional study recruited 351 participants from the community through a convenience sampling method. Their mean age was 72.5 years (SD = 9.1), with the majority being women (62.7%), and married (45.3%). Participants completed online self-reported questionnaires on quality of life (The Μental Health Quality of Life; MHQoL), perceived ageism (Perceived Ageism Questionnaire; PAQ-8), social support (the Lubben Social Network Scale-6; LSNS-6), psychological resources (the Compound PsyCap Scale-12; CPC-12R), and socio-demographic characteristics. The results showed that PNA was more strongly correlated with QoL than PPA. QoL was predicted by PNA (negatively) and PPA (positively), as well as by social and psychological resources (positively). Psychological resources moderated the effects of both PNA and PPA on QoL, while social support moderated only the effects of PPA on QoL. Higher PNA was associated with lower QoL only for participants with low levels of psychological resources. In contrast, higher PPA was associated with higher QoL for those with low levels of psychological resources and high levels of social support. The study findings contribute to the literature on self-perceived negative and positive ageism and lay the groundwork for social policy guidelines aimed at developing interventions to enhance psychosocial resources, thereby improving the QoL for older adults.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of African Star Apple [Chrysophllum albidum]
Authors: Ogbu Joy Chinyere , Etuk-Udo Godwin , Ugoh S.C. , Odunsanya O. O. , Amos Jimba Rai
Published: October 2024

The quantitative phytochemical analysis of Chrysophyllum albidum cotyledon crude extract indicated that it was rich in phenolics, oxalates, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, Phylates and tannins. The result of analysis indicates that ascorbic acid content was high compared to Niacin, riboflavin and thiamine.
The result of the antimicrobial analysis indicates that Escherichia coli was significantly susceptible to all the extracts compared to other bacteria studied.
Highly Charged Cellulose Nanocrystals via Electrochemical Oxidation
Authors: Yousefi Neptun , Hannonen Jenna , Fliri Lukas , Peljo Pekka , Kontturi Eero
Published: October 2024

Due to their exceptional properties, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been proposed for various applications in sustainable materials science. However, state-of-the-art production methods suffer from low yields and rely on hazardous and environmentally harmful chemicals, representing a bottleneck for more widespread utilization of CNCs. In this study, we present a novel two-step approach that combines previously established HCl gas hydrolysis with electrochemical TEMPO oxidation. This unique method allows the collection of easily dispersible CNCs with high carboxylate contents in excellent overall yields of 71%. The electromediated oxidation was conducted in aqueous conditions without the usually required co-catalysts, simplifying the purification of the materials. Moreover, the proposed process is designed for facile recycling of the used reagents in both steps. To evaluate the sustainability and scalability, the environmental impact factor was calculated, and a cost analysis was conducted.
Impact of Workplace Bullying on Psychological Distress: Role of Perceived Organisational Support and Religious Coping
Authors: Mei Teh Goi  , Nusrah Samat  , Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Azim
Published: October 2024

Despite the fact that perceived organisational support (POS) and religious coping have been advocated as a crucial component of the stress model, the roles remain unclear among academics that often associate with heavy workloads. Therefore, this study aims to examine the moderating role of POS, and the mediating role of religious coping between the relationship of workplace bullying and psychological distress among academics in higher educational institutions (HEIs). Data were collected from academic staff from private and public universities in Malaysia, and a total of 219 data were used. The results revealed that workplace bullying has a positive impact on academics’ psychological distress, and the POS significantly moderated the relationship between workplace bullying and psychological distress. However, this study failed to support the mediating role of religious coping. This study adds to our knowledge of the stress model, by focusing more on perceived organisational support in minimising psychological distress and less on personal resources (religious coping).
Unsung Heroes in Sabah’s Historiography: The Indigenous Community in the Anti-Japanese Movement in North Borneo, 1942–1945
Authors: Md Saffie Abdul Rahim  , Ramli Dollah  , Eko Prayitno Joko
Published: October 2024

The Petagas War Memorial, erected in 1946, is the official symbol of Sabah’s anti-Japanese resistance between 1942 to 1945. The memorial focuses on the predominantly Chinese Kinabalu Guerrilla Defence Force (KGDF), which managed to secure vital assistance and cooperation from Sabah’s peribumi (indigenous) community. However, it does not adequately capture their contributions despite becoming the backbone of KGDF. Without them, the anti-Japanese movement would not have run smoothly nor achieved any form of success (albeit short-lived). On the 21st of January, the war memorial hosts an annual commemoration of KGDF against Japan. However, it tends to ignore the contributions of indigenous fighters. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the recognition that should have been given to Sabah’s indigenous fighters against the Japanese occupation in Sabah, exploring the cooperation between Sabah’s indigenous community and the KGDF in the anti-Japanese movement between 1942 and 1945. The aim is to place the role of former fighters in its proper context. This study is based on library research as well as interviews. The primary resources from the library research are derived from reports, files and newspapers found in the Sabah State Archives. Interviews are utilised to complement archival sources, especially in the absence of written records.
Sustainability of Oral History: A Case of SRK Pulo at Kampung Semarang
Authors: Awang Rozaimie
Published: October 2024

History is data regarding historical instances of human activity. This study anticipates the cultural memory around the primary school, SRK Pulo, which was relocated while retaining its previous name. One of the ancient Malay settlements along the Sarawak riverbank in Kuching is called Kampung Pulo. Questions are being asked about the SRK Pulo, its origin and other related histories to acknowledge. Further study, especially oral history inquiries, might help clear up any lingering questions regarding a historical truth or knowledge gap. For the benefit of future research, the cultural memory of intangible cultures needs to be preserved and documented through oral history research. To highlight historical local stories as the major focus in a qualitative manner, this study utilised Husserlism in Transcendental Phenomenology (TPh). The positive takeaways from oral history investigations into the genesis of SRK Pulo could serve as a guideline for the younger generation to respect and learn from the past to establish evocative living in the future. The sustainability of indigenous peoples in preserving their sociocultural ways of life and oral traditions depends on this study.
Chinese Ethnic Coffee Shop Adaptation in Riau through Inclusivity in Malay Society
Authors: Wilaela Wilaela  , Hasbullah Hasbullah  , Widiarto Widiarto
Published: October 2024

This article focused on non-Muslim Chinese ethnic coffee shop entrepreneurs, aiming to discover and analyse forms of adaptation that have led to the survival of these coffee shops and their acceptance by the Malay-Muslim community. This qualitative research, utilising an ethnographic approach, is situated in Pekanbaru. Data was collected through observation and interviews with 11 predetermined informants, including entrepreneurs from second and third-generation Chinese families, Malay Riau cultural figures, historians, tourism advocates, coffee enthusiasts and customer informants. Documentary data in the form of autobiographies/biographies of the early founders of coffee shops. This study identified forms of adaptation, including the coffee shop managers’ identification with the community, continuity of family management adhering to halal and hygienic standards, prioritising honesty to gain community trust, forming partnerships and employing Muslim-background workers, and fostering communication, organisation, social engagement, and philanthropy. The adaptation of coffee shop entrepreneurs was expedited by the openness and acceptance of Muslim traders in Pekanbaru since the early 20th century. The presence of these coffee shops, deeply rooted in the social and cultural life of the Malay-Muslim community, manifests inclusivity. This encompasses accepting the halal aspect of the coffee shops’ offerings, managed by non-Muslim Chinese ethnic groups.
Pre-9/11 Islamophobia: A Contrapuntal Reading of Don DeLillo’s Falling Man
Authors: Sadiya Abubakar Isa  , Md Salleh Yaapar  , Suzana Haji Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Don DeLillo’s Falling Man reproduces the same Orientalist mantra of the Muslim terrorist. Although he is much celebrated for writing thrilling terrorism and assassination novels long before the 9/11 event, many critics situated his Falling Man within the 9/11 neo-Orientalist framework. This study argues that the 9/11 occurrence (while acknowledging its significance) is not the only trigger behind DeLillo’s representation of Muslims in his novel. As such, the study underscores DeLillo’s ideological inclinations by examining his records and the contextual circumstances that transpired before 9/11. By rereading Falling Man, this study situates the investigation within three parameters: the Iranian Revolution, the Rushdie affair and the Clash of Civilisations thesis, thus appropriating the novel within its Islamophobic implicature. Edward Said’s theory of contrapuntal reading, which urges a nonconventional reading of a canonical text, is employed as the theoretical underpinning of this study.
Educação como exercício de liberdade: O papel governante-formativo do diretor escolar
Authors: Dalbosco Cláudio Almir , Araújo Daniela de David , Garcia Gislene
Published: October 2024

Este artigo objetiva compreender o papel do gestor educacional como governante que conduz a ação de si e dos outros. Com base em Benincá (2010) e Foucault (2004; 2014), explora os conceitos de poder, gestor e governante. Também reflete sobre o texto clássico e sua capacidade de provocar a apreensão de novos significados e conexões, decorrentes da releitura e do contexto em que se lê. O artigo tem três partes. Primeiro, volta-se ao conceito de poder em Foucault, compreendendo seu exercício como relação que determina a ação de um sobre o outro. Depois, trata das relações e dos sujeitos-pedagógicos que habitam a escola, abordando os sentidos atribuídos por Foucault ao conceito de sujeito. Ainda, com Benincá, faz a distinção entre sujeito e objeto: o primeiro, capaz de estabelecer uma relação de poder consigo mesmo e com os outros; o segundo, ao contrário, passivo e indiferente. Por último, o artigo entrelaça os conceitos pesquisados para refletir sobre o diretor escolar e sua condução, considerando o sentido ético que pode assumir. Com tal procedimento interpretativo, ao fim, analisa as contribuições que o texto clássico traz ao gestor escolar contemporâneo em sua missão de fomentar sujeitos-pedagógicos, capazes de se autodeterminarem livremente.
Inteligência emocional na educação formal: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Carvalho Mileide de Souza , Nunes Fábio Carvalho
Published: October 2024

O aprimoramento da inteligência emocional é fundamental para o bem-estar individual, convívio social, para o desempenho acadêmico e o mundo do trabalho. Por isso, torna-se cada vez mais necessário o desenvolvimento de estratégias dentro da educação formal, visando a melhoria do equilíbrio emocional e dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem, principalmente no contexto pós-pandemia da COVID-19. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de escopo para levantar e examinar a natureza e extensão das publicações acerca da Inteligência Emocional no ambiente escolar formal, identificando lacunas e desafios. Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura, indexada em bases de dados, conforme a metodologia scoping review. As informações foram coletadas nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus (Sc) e Web of Science (WoS). Utilizaram-se as palavras-chave “Education”, “Emotional” and Intelligence” para coletar artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Encontraram-se 541 artigos, dos quais 120 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram analisados. A revisão evidencia que trabalhos sobre IE têm começado a ocupar os espaços do ensino formal, estando mais concentrados nos níveis médio e superior. Não foram identificados trabalhos desenvolvidos no Ensino Profissionalizante Integrado ao Médio, nem nas séries iniciais do Ensino Infantil. Trata-se, portanto, de uma lacuna que precisa ser preenchida, visto que o desenvolvimento do equilíbrio emocional é fundamental para o mundo do trabalho e deve ser desenvolvido desde a mais tenra idade para obtenção de melhores resultados. A revisão permitiu identificar que existem várias lacunas para a promoção da Educação Emocional nos ambientes formais, dentre elas: necessidade de incorporação de forma transversal no currículo escolar; necessidade de implementar/avaliar as ações em longo prazo; necessidade de melhorar os instrumentos de coleta de dados, bem como o tamanho e perfil amostral.
A dialogicidade freireana à luz da internacionalização educativa e libertadora
Authors: De Andrade Oberdan da Silva , Do Nascimento Ester Fraga Vilas-Bôas Carvalho
Published: October 2024

Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar através dos postulados da pedagogia freireana os princípios da ação dialógica como fator de resistência libertadora à luz da internacionalização com foco na (trans)formação da consciência humana nos espaços de ensino e aprendizagem contemporâneos. Embasado nos pressupostos da abordagem qualitativa, optou-se como procedimento metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica e revisão da literatura existente, tomando como fontes as publicações pedagógicas de Paulo Freire. O referencial teórico-metodológico foi ancorada em Ana Freire (2021); Moacir Gadotti (2002) e Ira Shor (2021), estudiosos que conviveram com o sujeito da pesquisa e, trouxeram à luz a discussão e contextualização da dialogicidade freireana atentando para a formação, transformação e reconhecimento dos cidadãos enquanto seres autônomos, resistentes e libertários. Os resultados apontaram que o diálogo, visto como uma condição intrínseca à espécie humana, contribui significativamente para a prática de resistências e conscientização de ações solidárias com vistas à vivência da fraternidade, empatia e respeito ao outro.
Participation of the Russian Orthodox Church in the activities of the Christian Peace Conference in 1960–1972
Authors:   Department for External Church Relations of the Moscow Patriarchate, Zvonarev Archpriest Sergiy
Published: October 2024

The article aims to describe and analyse the experience of the active participation of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Christian peace movement, which had as its main task consolidation of Churches and Christian figures in the struggle for peaceful relations between peoples, against the arms race and the nuclear threat. In the context of the global confrontation between the USSR and the USA, the “Cold war”, the activities of the Christian Peace Conference (CPC) were the integral part of the international policy of socialist countries. The departments for church affairs of the socialist camp states monitored the work of the peacekeeping organization and the direction of their development. Attempts by Western Christian figures to distract the organization from practical efforts to fight for peace came into conflict with the interests of socialist states and gave rise to divisions within the organization and crises. The events of the Prague Spring and the entry of Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia brought the CPC to the brink of collapse. On the basis of the church and state archival sources, the author of the article outlines the sequence of actions of the Chairman of the Department of External Church Relations, Metropolitan Nikodim (Rotov) of Leningrad and Novgorod, aimed to overcome internal discord in the Conference. The hierarch held senior positions in the СPС, including the post of president, which allowed him to have a significant influence on the course of peacekeeping work.
Archaic religious predicates in contemporary East Slavic folk Orthodox culture: Interpreting of symbols in the structure of religiosity
Authors:   Moscow Theological Academy, Korytko Archpriest Oleg
Published: October 2024

This academic work is an extension to the article “Christian theology and the archetypal in religion: A reconciliation experience for the stances” that was published in the journal “Issues of Theology”, 2024, no. 2. As a critical characteristic of spiritual culture, religiosity can be described as sacred acts significant for this culture, i. e. as religious predicates. The compiling of a “predicate pattern” of East Slavic religiosity is an intriguing and promising academic task which can aid in defining the key features of Russian culture in its ecclesiastical and folk Orthodox interpretations. The article draws attention to the fact that Russian culture, which was formed under the unquestionable influence of the Orthodox faith and Church tradition, experienced a considerable influence of pre-Christian ideas in the course of its development. The text presents an attempt to consider the phenomenon of Russian religiosity through the prism of religious predicates that are significant for the Eastern Slavs, which not only reflect the specifics of folk religious practice, but also determine the uniqueness of Russian ecclesiastic culture. The circumambulation and other variants of circular movement, drawing of a sacred symbol, tying and tearing apart, touch and remembrance are the most vivid religious predicates isolated on the basis of the semantic load they are conveyed and of the functions they perform. The analysis of predicates is followed by examples from modern folk ritual customs and Church tradition. The archetypal nature of many practices is evidenced. The article identifies and suggests possible solutions to the main problems associated with the isolation of predicates in the spiritual culture language.
Konstantin Grigorievich Grigoriev — the last professor of fundamental theology at the Kazan Theological Academy
Authors:   St. Petersburg Theological Academy, Lushnikov Priest Dimitry ,   Pskov-Pechory Theological Seminary, Larionov Priest Dimitry ,   Moscow Theological Academy,   Kazan Theological Seminary
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to studying the theological heritage of the professor, the last teacher of fundamental theology at the Kazan Theological Academy, Konstantin Grigorievich Grigoriev (1875–1933). The work uses previously unpublished archival materials. The program of K. G. Grigoriev’s lecture course on fundamental theology, preserved in the State Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as some of his journal publications on the same topic, are analyzed, with special attention paid to his methodology of teaching fundamental theology and the basic section of the discipline — proofs of the main religious truths (existence of God and immortality of soul). It is revealed that in teaching fundamental theology, K. G. Grigoriev largely adhered to the method and subject structure developed by bishop Mikhail (Gribanovsky). It is demonstrated that this method had also been previously supported and developed by the Kazan Theological Academy professors V. A. Snegirev and V. I. Nesmelov. The results obtained in the course of the study allow us to speak of K. G. Grigoriev’s rather high scientific and apologetic potential, which, at the same time, did not remain fully realized. The Kazan professor’s main merit is that he managed to accumulate the best achievements of his predecessors in the field of fundamental theology. K. G. Grigoriev, contrary to the liberal trends in contemporary theological science, managed to maintain the teaching of fundamental theology not only at a high scientific level, but also in accordance with the Orthodox worldview.
Hydro-chemical characterization of groundwater using multivariate statistics in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Getahun Getahun , Moges Awdenegest , Tekleab Sirak
Published: October 2024

This study characterized the hydro-chemical characteristics of groundwater for assessing the possibility of managed aquifer recharge in Hawassa City. A total of 48 water samples were taken from hand-dug wells and boreholes and examined to determine the water type, critical metrics, and key determinants of water quality. Multivariate statistical techniques such as hierarchical cluster, principal component, and linear discriminant analysis were used. The samples were divided into four variable groups and four case cluster groups. The results depicted the water hardness group (C1), soil salinity group (C2), weak and strong acids forming group (C3), and pollution indicator group (C4). Four water types were identified, Na–HCO3 and Ca–Na–HCO3 (87.5%), Ca–HCO3, and Na–Cl. Na–HCO3 was the dominant in hand-dug wells than in deep boreholes, which may account for evaporation or contaminations. Seven principal components with a cumulative variance of 78.58% were also formed. The first two, hardness and salinity, contributed 25.4 and 11.4% variance, respectively. In linear discriminate analysis, three discriminate functions with eight variables were generated, namely pH, K+, Na+, Ca2+, HCO3−, Cl−, BOD5, and COD. Thus, it is revealed that the decline in water quality attributed to natural and anthropogenic causes.
Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics of Children with Cat Sensitivity
Authors: Çevik Seda , Altas Ugur , Özkars Mehmet Yaşar
Published: October 2024

Aims: Cat allergy has an important place among allergic diseases and it is known that environmental factors as well as genetic factors affect sensitisation. It has been reported that having a cat at home increases the risk of sensitisation, especially in susceptible individuals. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical features of cat sensitisation in children.
Methods: In this descriptive retrospective study, children aged 0-18 years with cat sensitisation who were admitted to the clinic between June 2023 and December 2023 were examined. Clinical characteristics, total IgE, eosinophil count, specific IgE values and skin prick test results were retrospectively evaluated using data obtained from the hospital database.
Results: The study included 76 children with cat sensitisation. The mean age was 7 years and 56.6% were male. The most common diagnoses were asthma (63.2%) and allergic rhinitis (31.6%). Cat sensitisation was positive in 100% of the patients, house dust mite sensitisation was found in 78.9% and pollen sensitisation in 14.5%. Total IgE levels of patients with multiple allergies were significantly higher than those without multiple allergies.
Conclusion: The study showed that additional allergen sensitisation was common in children with cat sensitisation and the most common diagnoses were allergic rhinitis and asthma. The findings are consistent with the existing literature and emphasise the importance of total IgE in the clinical management of allergic diseases.
Care Burden and Psychological Resilience of Mothers Accompanying Their Children with Chronic Illnesses Hospitalized in Pediatric Wards
Authors: Karakaya Esra , Kamışlı Songül
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background: Psychological resilience plays a pivotal role in managing the caregiving burden experienced by mothers of hospitalized young children with chronic illnesses. The resilience of these mothers is not only critical for their own mental health but also for the well-being and development of their child.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the care burden, psychological resilience, and associated factors of mothers with hospitalized children aged 0-2 years who have chronic diseases.
Materials and Methods: The participants included 134 mothers of hospitalized children. Data were gathered utilizing a personal information form, the Zarit Burden Interview, and the Brief Resilience Scale.
Results: Working mothers with a bachelor’s degree had higher Zarit Burden Interview scores than non-working mothers. Mothers of children with epilepsy and neurological diseases had higher Zarit Burden Interview scores than those with other chronic diseases. Mothers receiving instrumental and spiritual support had significantly higher Brief Resilience Scale scores.
Discussion: Among mothers who accompany their children with a chronic illness diagnosis in the hospital, those who are university graduates, employed, or have children diagnosed with epilepsy and neurological diseases are particularly at risk in terms of the burden of care and psychological resilience.
Conclusion: Physicians and especially pediatric nurses can enhance the psychological resilience of these mothers identified as a risk group in this study and alleviate their care burden by providing instrumental and moral support in the clinical setting. The support given to these accompanying mothers can contribute more significantly to the child's quality of life and care.
The role of colchicine on ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction and ischemia-reperfusion injury: article review
Authors: Caesario Fahreza , Prasetya Indra
Published: October 2024

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and a poor prognosis. Even though new technologies have been developed to aid in opening the culprit coronary artery and correcting ischemia-related stenosis by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the ventricular remodelling that induces cardiac failure as a consequence of AMI remains unchanged. Colchicine, a versatile anti-inflammatory medication, has been documented in mitigating cardiac remodelling and enhancing cardiac function following AMI. This article provides an in-depth review of the processes by which colchicine affects ventricular remodeling after AMI, highlighting the potential role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of ventricular dysfunction. Keyword: Colchicine, Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Myocardial Infarction, Ventricular Remodelling
Phylogenetic Study of Several Parasitic Plant Species Based on The atp-1 Gene Sequence
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Ardo Cahya Pratama , Karuniasari Nadaa ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Rahmadini Agnia Fadillah ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Ezra Achmad ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Hose Victor Alvianoes Guterez ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Turhadi Turhadi ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Suyanto Eko ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: October 2024

The distinction between parasitic and non-parasitic plants can be determined by analyzing the atp-1 gene, which plays a vital role in respiration and is known for its high mutation rate. This study analyzed the kinship of parasitic plant subclass species through the construction of a phylogenetic tree based on atp-1 gene sequences. The atp-1 gene sequences of parasitic and non-parasitic plants with a total of 29 species were obtained from NCBI. The sequences were then aligned with ClustalW and analyzed for mutation patterns. Sequences that have been aligned, phylogenetic trees were made with MEGA11 software with the Maximum Likelihood method and analyzed using the iTOL website. The sequences were analyzed for similarity and kinship with Matrix Coefficient and Haplotype Construction. The atp-1 gene proved that parasitic plants (hemiparasites) are furthermore related to non-parasitic plants compared to holoparasite parasitic plants. Besides that, the kinship of parasitic plants can be analyzed by several methods, namely matrix coefficient to measure similarity, DnaSP to analyzing haplotype, and haplotype network to find out detailed information on mutations that occur. Matrix coefficients can also be used to measure specific similarities between species. It was found that the same subclass had high similarities, for example the species Santalum album and Heisteria parvifolia with a genetic distance value of 0.00574. Meanwhile, different subclasses have low similarity, such as Cassytha filiformis and Ombrophytum with a genetic distance value of 0.07871. This study shows that the atp-1 gene is effective in analyzing the kinship between parasitic and non-parasitic plants. Hemiparasites are genetically closer to non-parasitic plants than holoparasites, with higher genetic similarity within the same subclass.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's social, emotional, and moral development: A systematic literature revie
Authors:   Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Osman Zaharah Binti , Masnan Abdul Halim Bin ,   Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Jaafar Anis Norma Binti Mohammad ,   Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Omar Romarzila Binti ,   Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Noor Amelia Binti Mohd ,   Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Rohaizad Nor Aizal Akmal Binti ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

This research aims to better understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected children's social, emotional, and moral development. Articles and related studies were gathered from the Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC), Scopus, and Science Direct databases. After a quality review following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, 16 articles were selected for a systematic literature review (SLR). The findings from this review were organized into four main themes: (1) the impact of technology and distance learning on children, (2) children's behavior and emotions, (3) the conditions of people around them, and (4) social support. It is suggested that future studies focus on the positive effects of COVID-19 on education.
Videos in Short-Video Sharing Platforms as Sources of Information on Colorectal Polyps: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Guan Jia-Lun , Xia Su-Hong , Zhao Kai , Feng Li-Na , Han Ying-Ying , Li Ji-Yan , Liao Jia-Zhi , Li Pei-Yuan
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Short videos have demonstrated huge potential in disseminating health information in recent years. However, to our knowledge, no study has examined information about colorectal polyps on short-video sharing platforms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the content and quality of colorectal polyps-related videos on short-video sharing platforms.

METHODS

The terms “肠息肉” (intestinal polyps) or “结肠息肉” (colonic polyps) or “直肠息肉” (rectal polyps) or “结直肠息肉” (colorectal polyps) or “大肠息肉” (polyps of large intestine) were used to search in TikTok (ByteDance), WeChat (Tencent Holdings Limited), and Xiaohongshu (Xingyin Information Technology Limited) between May 26 and June 8, 2024, and then the top 100 videos for each search term on different platforms were included and recorded. The Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) score, the Global Quality Scale (GQS), the modified DISCERN, and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) were used to evaluate the content and quality of selected videos by 2 independent researchers. SPSS (version 22.0; IBM Corp) and GraphPad Prism (version 9.0; Dotmatics) were used for analyzing the data. Descriptive statistics were generated, and the differences between groups were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between quantitative variables.

RESULTS

A total of 816 eligible videos were included for further analysis, which mainly conveyed disease-related knowledge (n=635, 77.8%). Most videos were uploaded by physicians (n=709, 86.9%). These videos had an average JAMA score of 2.0 (SD 0.6), GQS score of 2.5 (SD 0.8), modified DISCERN score of 2.5 (SD 0.8), understandability of 80.4% (SD 15.6%), and actionability of 42.2% (SD 36.1%). Videos uploaded by news agencies were of higher quality and received more likes and comments (all P<.05). The number of collections and shares of videos about posttreatment caveats were more than those for other content (P=.03 and P=.006). There was a positive correlation between the number of likes, comments, collections, and shares (all P<.001). The duration and the number of fans were positively correlated with the quality of videos (all P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

There are numerous videos about colorectal polyps on short-video sharing platforms, but the reliability and quality of these videos are not good enough and need to be improved.

CLINICALTRIAL
Provision of Digital Primary Health Care Services: Overview of Reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Fava Virgínia Maria Dalfior , Lapão Luís Velez
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Digital health is a growing field, and many digital interventions have been implemented on a large scale since the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly in primary health care (PHC). The development of digital health interventions and their application in PHC are encouraged by the World Health Organization. The increased number of published scientific papers on this topic has resulted in an overwhelming amount of information, but there is no overview of reviews to summarize this evidence.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to provide policy makers, health managers, and researchers with a summary of evidence on digital interventions used in PHC.

METHODS

This overview of reviews searched the Web of Science and MEDLINE databases for systematic and scoping reviews on assessments of digital technologies implemented in PHC published from January 2007 to March 2023. Only reviews that addressed digital interventions whose targets were real patients or health care providers (HCPs) were included.

RESULTS

A total of 236 records were identified from the search strategy, of which 42 (17.8%) full-text papers were selected for analysis, and 18 (7.6%) reviews met the eligibility criteria. In total, 61% (11/18) of the reviews focused their analysis on specific digital health interventions (client-to-provider telemedicine, provider-to-provider telemedicine, health worker decision support systems, systems for tracking patients’ health status, client participation and self-care platforms, and provision of education and training to health workers), and 39% (7/18) of the reviews focused on specific topics related to PHC (preventive care, chronic disease management, behavioral health disorders, the COVID-19 pandemic, multicomponent PHC interventions, and care coordination). Most studies in the included reviews agreed on barriers to implementation, such as software and apps developed without involving end users, the lack of training of HCPs and patients in digital technology use, and the lack of reimbursement and billing strategies for remote consultations. However, they showed several mixed results related to health service quality and patients’ clinical conditions and behavior changes.

CONCLUSIONS

Research in digital health applied to PHC is still concentrated in high-income countries, mainly in North America and Europe. The mixed results related to health service quality and patients’ clinical conditions or behavior changes may have been caused by deficiencies in the process of implementing digital interventions. It is necessary to examine the entire impact pathway and the causal relationship among implementation, health service quality, and clinical condition outcomes to support the spread of digital health in PHC settings.
Virtual Hospitals and Patient Experience: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jackson Tim Michael , Ward Kanesha , Saad Shannon , White Sarah J , Poudel Shila , Raffan Freya , Amanatidis Sue , Bartyn Jenna , Hutchings Owen , Coiera Enrico , Chan Kevin , Lau Annie Y S
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Virtual care is increasingly incorporated within routine health care settings to improve patient experience and access to care. A patient’s experience encompasses all the interactions an individual has with the health care system. This includes a greater emphasis on actively involving carers in the decisions and activities surrounding a patient’s health care.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the variety of health care delivery challenges encountered in a virtual hospital and explore potential ways to improve the patient experience.

METHODS

Focusing on acute respiratory, this protocol outlines a mixed methods study exploring the patient experience of a virtual hospital in Australia, Royal Prince Alfred Virtual Hospital (rpavirtual). We will use an exploratory mixed methods approach comprising of secondary data analysis, observations, interviews, and co-design focus groups. Participants will include patients, their carers, and health care workers who are involved in the acute respiratory virtual hospital model of care. Together, the data will be triangulated to explore views and experiences of using this model of care, as well as co-designing recommendations for further improvement.

RESULTS

Findings from this study will identify current barriers and facilitators to implementing virtual care, such as work-as-done versus work-as-imagined, equity of care, the role of carers, and patient safety during virtual care. As of August 2024, a total of 25 participants have been interviewed.

CONCLUSIONS

This protocol outlines a mixed methods case study on the acute respiratory model of care from Australia’s first virtual hospital, rpavirtual. This study will collect the experiences of patients, carers, and health care workers to co-design a series of recommendations to improve the patient experience.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58683
Using Structured Codes and Free-Text Notes to Measure Information Complementarity in Electronic Health Records: Feasibility and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Seinen Tom M , Kors Jan A , van Mulligen Erik M , Rijnbeek Peter R
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Electronic health records (EHRs) consist of both structured data (eg, diagnostic codes) and unstructured data (eg, clinical notes). It is commonly believed that unstructured clinical narratives provide more comprehensive information. However, this assumption lacks large-scale validation and direct validation methods.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to quantitatively compare the information in structured and unstructured EHR data and directly validate whether unstructured data offers more extensive information across a patient population.

METHODS

We analyzed both structured and unstructured data from patient records and visits in a large Dutch primary care EHR database between January 2021 and January 2024. Clinical concepts were identified from free-text notes using an extraction framework tailored for Dutch and compared with concepts from structured data. Concept embeddings were generated to measure semantic similarity between structured and extracted concepts through cosine similarity. A similarity threshold was systematically determined via annotated matches and minimized weighted Gini impurity. We then quantified the concept overlap between structured and unstructured data across various concept domains and patient populations.

RESULTS

In a population of 1.8 million patients, only 13% of extracted concepts from patient records and 7% from individual visits had similar structured counterparts. Conversely, 42% of structured concepts in records and 25% in visits had similar matches in unstructured data. Condition concepts had the highest overlap, followed by measurements and drug concepts. Subpopulation visits, such as those with chronic conditions or psychological disorders, showed different proportions of data overlap, indicating varied reliance on structured versus unstructured data across clinical contexts.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrates the feasibility of quantifying the information difference between structured and unstructured data, showing that the unstructured data provides important additional information in the studied database and populations. The annotated concept matches are made publicly available for the clinical natural language processing community. Despite some limitations, our proposed methodology proves versatile, and its application can lead to more robust and insightful observational clinical research.
Hospitalization and mortality in children due to COVID-19. A retrospective study from Brazil (Preprint)
Authors: Pereira de Godoy Ana Carolina , Bugarelli Bestetti Reinaldo
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 is currently one of the most important medical challenges as it affects the entire population with children being infected as easily as adults.

OBJECTIVE

The study evaluated the mortality of under 19 years old and compared the frequency with that of adults.

METHODS

Design: retrospective observational study, all hospitalizations of COVID-19 positive patients as diagnosed by RT-qPCR were analyzed. Setting: 8986 COVID-19 positive patients hospitalized in a Hospital de Base and the Infant and Maternal Hospital of São Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil (HB/HCM) being these totals of 383 COVID-19 positive under 19 years old. Patients: patients COVID-19 positive under 19-years-old were grouped by age and evaluated by analyzing their medical records. They were categorized as Group I, children, and adolescents under 19 years old and Group II, adults over 19 years old.

RESULTS

Overall mortality in under 19-years-old was 12 deaths, that is, 3.13% of the patients in this age group. Mortality in the group of adults was 2197 equivalent to 25.5% of the hospitalized adults. Mortality was significantly higher for adults than for under 19-years-old (p-value < 0.0001). Regarding the different ages of children and adolescents, the number of deaths of under 1-year olds was 2/123 (1.62%), of 1-4 years it was 4/95 (2.11%), of 5-9 years it was 1/47 (2.13%), of 10-14 years it was 1/40 (2.5%) and of 15-19 years it was 4/78 (5.13%).

CONCLUSIONS

Mortality from COVID-19 in children and adolescents was lower than in adults and associated with other comorbidities.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A