Abstract P3-09-10: Adapted physical activity effect on aerobic function in patients with breast cancer treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Cornette T , Vincent F , Antonini M-T , Leobon S , Venat L , Lavau-Denes S , Tubiana-Mathieu N 
Published: August 2014

Background. Past twenty years, clinical research focuses on the fatigue and the place of physical activity during the treatment of women with breast cancer. Use of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) for determination of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) provides the gold standard assessment of aerobic capacity. Our first pilot study was designed to evaluate the effects of a training program during chemotherapy in women with breast cancer showed a significant improvement of VO2peak after treatment (1). So, we performed a phase III study, to assess the effects of a home-based adapted physical activity (APA) program in women treated by adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for breast cancer versus control group (without APA). The main criterion was cardiopulmonary function, measured by VO2peak, at 27 weeks after radio-chemotherapy (RT-CT) between the 2 groups.

Methods. Participants were randomized into 2 groups: Arm A (aerobic and strength training) during the 27 weeks of treatment (RT-CT); Arm B (control group). This study included 3 assessments phases (T0: before RT-CT; T1: week 27; and T2: final evaluation at the 54th week). These assessments included: cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2peak), 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT) and health-related quality of life. The APA program consisted in 2 sessions of endurance (walking and/or cycling) and 1 session of resistance (elastic band) per week. Training endurance intensity was based on the first ventilator threshold and coached by a specialist.

Results. Forty-four subjects were included from June 2012 to June 2013. At baseline (T0), the average age was 52,3 ± 11,7 years for Arm A versus 48,8 ± 8 years for Arm B. Before treatment VO2peak was 23,2 ± 4,9 ml.kg-1.min-1 for Arm A and 22,9 ± 5,4 ml.kg-1.min-1 for Arm B. After treatment (T1), VO2peak was significantly different between the two groups (3.5 ml.kg-1.min) with 24.6 ± 5 ml.kg-1.min-1 vs 20.97 ± 4.8 ml.kg-1.min-1 for Arm A and Arm B respectively (P = . 048). Walking distance on 6MWT improved by 19,7m (P = .016) for training group and decreased by 20,7m (P = .043) for control group.

At 6 months (T2), VO2peak was not different between the two groups (P = .069). Arm A continued to increase (26,2 ± 5,6 ml.kg-1.min-1) while Arm B recovered his baseline value (22,3 ± 5,6 ml.kg-1.min-1). Similar results was showed in 6MWT, compared with T1, the two Arms A and B increased by 12,9m (P = .063) and 17,6m (P = .27) respectively.

Conclusion. Home-based APA program improved aerobic function and exercise capacity during RT-CT. The exercise during treatment is feasible, safe, and provides a real benefit of physical fitness. In addition, this activity has been performed at home.

Keywords. Cardiorespiratory Fitness, VO2peak, Breast Cancer, Adjuvant or Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Physical Function, Adapted Physical Activity.

Reference.

1. F.Vincent JL.Labourey, S.Leobon, MT.Antonini, S. Lavau-Denes, N. Tubiana-Mathieu. Effects of a home-based walking training program on cardiorespiratory fitness in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy a pilot study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2013 Jun;49(3):319-29.

Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-09-10.