bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Is My Plaza for? Implementing a Machine Learning Strategy for Public Events Prediction in the Urban Square
Authors: Hamdani Jumana , Antuña Molina Pablo , Leva Fuentes Lucía , Shawqy Hesham , Rossi Gabriella , Andrés León David
Published: October 2024

Plazas are an essential pillar of public life in our cities. Historically, they have been seen as public fora, hosting public events that fostered trade, interaction, and debate. However, with the rise of modern urbanism, city planners considered them as part of a larger strategic development scheme overlooking their social importance. As a result, plazas have lost their function and value. In recent years, awareness has risen of the need to re-activate these public spaces to strive for social inclusion and urban resilience. Geometric and urban features of plazas and their surroundings often suggest what kinds of usage the public can make of them. In this project, we explore the application of machine learning to predict the suitability of events in public spaces, aiming to enhance urban plaza design. Learning from traditional urbanism indicators, we consider factors associated with the features of the public space, such as the number of people and the high degree of comfort, which are evolved from three subcategories: external factors, geometric shape, and design factors. We acknowledge that the predictive capability of our model is constrained by a relatively small dataset, comprising 15 real plazas in Madrid augmented digitally to 2025 fictional scenarios through self-organising maps. The article details the methods to quantify and enumerate quantitative urban features. With a categorical target variable, a classification model is trained to predict the type of event in the urban space. The model is then evaluated locally in Grasshopper by visualising a parametric verified geometry and deploying the model on other existing plazas worldwide regarding geographical proximity to Madrid, where to share or not the same cultural and environmental conditions. Despite these limitations, our findings offer valuable insights into the potential of machine learning in urban planning, suggesting pathways for future research to expand upon this foundational study.
PROSPECTS OF THE DISSOLUTION OF THE RUSSIAN NEO-EMPIRE AND ITS GEOPOLITICAL CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, CHUPRIY Leonid
Published: October 2024

The article examines the prospects of the collapse of the Russian neo-empire and their geopolitical consequences. In particular, it is noted that one of the key imperial trends is the desire for expansion, so Russia, as the last neo-empire, constantly creates sources of tension in the post-Soviet space, seizing foreign territories. It is indicated that the reasons for the attack on Ukraine were geopolitical, economic, food, energy, and demographic. In particular, one of the main ones was the attempt to revive the Soviet Union, the collapse of which Putin called the biggest geopolitical catastrophe of the last century. Attention is focused on the key reasons that can lead to the decline or collapse of the Russian empire, among which the following should be highlighted: lack of a clear goal and development strategy; lack of unity and common values of peoples living on the territory of Russia; excessive centralization of power and fragility of the management system; gradual weakening of the legitimacy of the current government; strengthening of economic problems, growth of the economic gap between regions; diversity and diversity of identities; lack of rule of law, violation of human and citizen rights and freedoms, rights of ethnic groups, etc.; lack of desire for innovation and modernization; prospects for strengthening regionalization processes; moral and spiritual anomie, which covered all spheres of life in Russian society; the spread of resentment. In particular, it is indicated that in totalitarian and authoritarian states, which can be most clearly observed on the example of modern North Korea or the Russian Federation, a person becomes a pure product of social manipulative technologies and, first of all, massive state propaganda, which deliberately creates resentment in the population - a distorted and twisted picture of reality. The image of external enemies is also planted, in particular, for Russians, these are Ukrainians and residents of Western countries, who are to blame for all the troubles of the latter. It is emphasized that the distorted picture of the world cannot be long-lasting, as it denies the true reality, leads to the undermining of the economic and political well-being of Russia for the sake of creating fanciful ideals, belief in one's own indomitable strength and power, which does not correspond to reality. Rejection of reality, defactualization in Russia enters the stage of self-destruction of the state and society and can be stopped only by a mass enlightenment of Russian society as a result of the fall of Putin's regime, severe economic crisis or loss in the war. Therefore, the collapse of the Russian neo-empire is inevitable, it is only a matter of time.
THE MODERN UKRAINIAN DIASPORA AND THE METROPOLIS: COLLISIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR INTERACTION
Authors:   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Kyiv, Ukraine, SHAKHNO Yuliya
Published: October 2024

The article examines the historical conditionality of the transformation processes in the system of "metropolis-diaspora" relations. The author identifies the main determinants and mechanisms of its functioning that ensured the survival of the Ukrainian ethnos despite the imperial and Soviet occupation policies, on _ one hand, and the territorial dispersion and institutional weakness of immigrant communities outside the homeland, on the other. The subject of the study is the inclusive forms of coexistence of ethnophores in the new geopolitical, socio-cultural and economic realities, which reveal the degree of their entropy and demonstrate the particular experience of overcoming new existential challenges. The strategic task of today for mainland Ukraine is to defend its own subjectivity and sovereignty in the armed struggle against Russia while maintaining ethno-national superiority. At the same time, the diaspora faces the need to: adapt to the growing mobility of the population; help to regulate the inflow of temporarily displaced persons from the metropolis, leveling the influence of similar pro-Russian structures; overcome the ―age‖ and territorial disunity of the transnational space; build a qualitatively new strategy of integration into Ukrainian society through the legalization of its status, etc. The process of interaction between the diaspora and Ukraine is not an example of productive and constructive relations. The policy of distancing and exploiting the diaspora in the interests of the metropolis is the main conflict that prevents the development of a powerful nationally oriented domestic and foreign policy strategy for bilateral lobbying, cultural reproduction, European integration, etc. Ignoring the interests of such a large diaspora can be disastrous for Ukrainian statehood. The author concludes that the ethnic divergence caused by the war has significantly intensified and updated the bilateral processes of interaction between the homeland and the diaspora. Fighting against the enemy inside or outside one's oikoumene has brought them much closer, but has not completely eliminated all contradictions between them. The process of their elimination is possible only if we win, which will create a powerful mentally determined feedback for a new dialogue.
Nutritional deficiency in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Zhigalova Maria S. , Kiselev Vladimir V. , Ryk Alla A. , Yartsev Petr A.
Published: October 2024

Liver cirrhosis is a prevalent cause of death, particularly in developing countries. The global mortality rate is 15–30 cases per 100 thousand population (more than 2.4% of the total mortality). Among the most severe complications of liver cirrhosis, nutritional deficiency increases not only the duration of hospital stay, but also mortality. This implies that malnutrition is not only a relevant clinical characteristic of liver cirrhosis, but it should also be considered as a significant complication requiring timely and appropriate therapy to enhance prognosis. This review emphasizes contemporary concepts regarding nutritional deficiency in liver cirrhosis patients and the significance of early diagnosis of this condition.
Additional research is required to comprehensively understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of malnutrition in liver cirrhosis patients. It is anticipated that the results will assist in the optimization of diagnostic screening and the identification of a “therapeutic target,” considering factors influencing the development and progression of nutritional deficiency, thereby reducing the incidence of infectious complications and lowering the mortality rate among liver cirrhosis patients.
Malnutrition in patients with cerebral stroke
Authors: Ershov Vadim I. , Leiderman Ilia N. , Dobrynin Aleksey S.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Acute cerebral circulatory failure is distinguished by high prevalence and mortality. The course and outcome of stroke are significantly influenced by malnutrition.
AIM: To examine the prevalence and effect of malnutrition on the course and outcome of severe cerebral stroke in patients on ventilatory support.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This multicenter observational clinical trial entitled "Registry of Respiratory Therapy in Patients with Acute Cerebral Circulatory Failure (RETAS)" was conducted under the auspices of the Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators of Russia. The study included 14 centers and 1289 acute cerebral circulatory failure patients who received respiratory support.
RESULTS: Acute cerebral circulatory failure patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 14 on ventilatory support who did not exhibit malnutrition were more likely to experience a positive outcome on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (4 and 5) compared to patients with evidence of malnutrition (p=0.000002).
Malnutrition was associated with an extended duration of ventilatory support in patients with acute cerebral circulatory failure (p 0.0001). The patients requiring prolonged ventilatory support experienced a higher prevalence of pressure sores, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and body weight loss by ≥10% (p 0.0001).
Malnutrition was linked to an increased risk of developing ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in patients with acute cerebral circulatory failure (p 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Malnutrition substantially affects the course and outcome of severe cerebral stroke in patients on respiratory support (ventilator).
Multiplex analysis of cancer cells treated with induced mesenchymal stem cell membrane vesicles
Authors: Kletukhina Sevindzh K. , Gomzikova Marina O.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space. They play an important role in intercellular communication and regulate various biological processes. Vesicles are found in tumor tissue where they mediate signaling between tumor cells and surrounding cells in the microenvironment. Like parental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), EVs exert dual effects on tumorogenesis. Some studies have shown that MSC-EVs promote tumor growth, while others have demonstrated their inhibitory role.
AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of MSC membrane vesicles (MVs) on the molecular composition of cancer cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Induced membrane vesicles (iMVs) were obtained from MSCs previously isolated from adipose tissue by treatment with cytochalasin B. To simulate intercellular communication between tumor cells and MSCs, iMVs with different protein concentrations were applied to recipient cells (SH-SY5Y, PC3, MCF7). A bicinchoninic acid technique was used to measure total protein isolated from human cells/iMVs. The molecular composition of the recipient cells was then analyzed by multiplex analysis. The cells were pre-treated with MSC iMVs.
RESULTS: Applying MSC MVs to cancer cells induces significant changes in the expression of many biologically active molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. For example, increased levels of the growth factor FGF-2, cytokines G-CSF, fractalkine, IL-12p40, IL-9, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, chemokines IP-10, MCP-1, and others were detected. In addition, the majority of these molecules are found to be associated with cell proliferation, migration and immune response.
CONCLUSION: MSC MVs are able to alter the molecular profile of cancer cells, increasing the levels of molecules associated with cell survival and migration.
Deccan Volcanism and Related Seismic Unrest in the Koyna–Warna Region, India
Authors: Rai Shyam S. , Saha Gokul
Published: October 2024

Koyna–Warna is a region of low-tectonic deformation and normal surface heat flow (∼40  mW/m2) in the Deccan volcanic province, India, where low-to-moderate magnitude earthquakes have continued to occur in the last 60 yr. These earthquakes are uniquely restricted to an 11×16  km2 area and confined to the upper crust between 3 and 9 km depth. Located at the last phase of the interaction of India with the Reunion mantle plume ∼65 Ma ago responsible for extensive volcanism, the cause of sustained seismicity in Koyna region is debated. Using the shear-wave velocity model derived through the joint inversion of the receiver function and surface-wave data from the seismic zone, we propose that earthquakes in the Koyna region occur due to stress concentration arising because of the high-density magma intrusions in the shallow crust at 3–9 km. The high-density mafic-ultramafic body exerts gravitationally induced stress of about ∼12 to 15 MPa. The continuation of earthquakes in the deeper part is inhibited by the possible fluid-filled mush zone imaged as a low-velocity layer at a 9–17 km depth. The magma intrusion as dike can induce a cycle of normal faulting in the overlying rock mass, as observed in the Warna region. We present the first evidence of an extremely high velocity (>4.7 km/s) layer at 40–50 km below Moho, interpreted as the presence of eclogite–peridotite responsible for producing Deccan magma in large volume.
Organización Mundial de la Salud acaba de lanzar un Blueprint for Dementia Research.
Authors: Allegri Ricardo F. , Román Fabian , Barceló Ernesto
Published: October 2024

La demencia es la causa más importante de discapacidad y dependencia en los adultos mayores y actualmente afecta a más de 55 millones de personas, el 60% de las cuales vive en países de ingresos bajos y medios (PRMB). El número de personas con demencia con el aumento de la esperanza de vida crecerá a nivel mundial en los próximos años, pero aún más en los PIBM como los países de América Latina (AL).
O processo de construção de salas temáticas virtuais para uma feira cultural e científica: uma experiência realizada no ensino remoto em uma escola pública de Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Freitas Neto Michelle Maria , Barbosa Borges João Felipe , Carius Ana Carolina
Published: October 2024

Esse trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência realizada no Instituto Federal Fluminense Campus Itaperuna (IFF Itaperuna) na organização de uma feira cultural/científica em uma semana acadêmica do campus durante o ensino remoto por consequência da pandemia de COVID-19. O experimento partiu do desafio de construir salas temáticas com os alunos no espaço virtual. O objetivo foi relatar o processo de construção dos projetos no espaço virtual e refletir sobre as dificuldades, desafios e avanços encontrados. Como resultados alcançados, destacam-se: a realização das salas temáticas em ambiente virtual através da plataforma Artsteps; a existência de desafios de inclusão digital dos estudantes mediante diferentes realidades e a importância dos professores experimentarem as tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) como ferramentas a favor do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O trabalho mostrou que a experimentação das tecnologias digitais nos contextos pedagógicos é relevante, devendo considerar o papel do professor e dos alunos no processo de inclusão das TDIC nas práticas pedagógicas.
Feira de ciências no contexto do ensino remoto
Authors: Fiori Ana Paula Santos de Melo , Ferreira Maria Iasmin Alves , Rodrigues Aline Lima
Published: October 2024

Estabelecer métodos ativos que possibilitem ao estudante ser protagonista do seu aprendizado, tendo o professor com mediador do processo mostra-se relevante e todas as vertentes de ensino. Desta forma, apresenta-se neste artigo os resultados da Terceira Feira de Ciências Ambientais de Marechal Deodoro/AL, uma estratégia geração de saber em ambiente não formal de ensino, buscando promover atividades que atendam os conceitos do desenvolvimento sustentável. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidas oito modalidades de trabalhos de promoveram a motivação, incentivo e curiosidade dos discentes do ensino médio das escolas públicas de Marechal Deodoro, sendo paralelamente, avaliada a eficácia desse instrumento em tempos de isolamento social. Como resultado observou-se a difusão dos conhecimentos a respeito das ciências ambientais e do desenvolvimento sustentável, em tempos isolamento social.
Feira de Ciências: uma experiência interdisciplinar com trabalhos investigativos no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Joyce , Magalhães Catta Preta de Santana Juliana , Miranda de Rezende Sandro
Published: October 2024

As Feiras de Ciências contribuem para estimular a cognição, mas também o social e o emocional de alunos e professores envolvidos. Quando os projetos apresentados são realizados de forma interdisciplinar e sobre temas relevantes para a comunidade escolar, contribuem ainda para a criticidade e a formação política. O objetivo deste relato de experiência é compartilhar o que foi vivenciado por nós, professores do segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública em Duque de Caxias/RJ, durante o processo de planejamento e desenvolvimento que resultou na culminância de trabalhos investigativos na nossa III Feira de Ciência, Tecnologia e Cultura. O tema foi “Preconceitos: qual o seu olhar?”. Observamos que o processo teve impacto positivo na autoestima  dos estudantes e na percepção da equipe da escola sobre esse segmento. Os trabalhos investigativos permitiram a vivência de etapas da produção de conhecimento científico pelos grupos, o que colabora para uma visão mais complexa das ciências. Parte dos trabalhos apresentados não atenderam a proposta de investigação, o que  acreditamos ser reflexo da dificuldade de alguns docentes em orientar trabalhos desse tipo.
FECTI: uma feira de ciências que faz história
Authors: Pinheiro Pinto Simone , Santos Dahmouche Monica
Published: October 2024

Entrevista com a coordenadora da FECTI
ПРАВОВА РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦІЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ЦЕНТРІВ КОМПЛЕКТУВАННЯ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ У КОНТЕКСТІ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ВОЄННОГО ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Микулець Віталій
Published: October 2024

Мета: аналіз правової регламентації діяльності територіальних центрів комплектування та соціальної підтримки з метою визначення напрямів удосконалення їхнього правового статусу. Методи дослідження: загальнотеоретичні і аналітичні методи у поєднанні з системним і комплексним підходами. Результати: на теоретичному рівні дослідження встановлено, що створення нового органу державно влади на базі існуючої системи територіальних центри комплектування та соціальної підтримки з одночасним ухваленням спеціального закону сприятиме удосконаленню правової регламентації діяльності ТЦК і, водночас, поява такого закону стала б важливим елемент удосконалення воєнного законодавства України. Обстоюється думка, що запропонована реформа системи територіальних центрів комплектування та соціальної підтримки сприятиме, зрештою, позитивній трансформації ставлення до ТЦК громадян, а також буде підтвердженням правового характеру української держави. Обговорення: порушується питання невідповідності статусу територіальних центрів комплектування та соціальної підтримки їхньому реальному функціональному навантаженню. Доводиться, що відповідно до чинного законодавства систему ТЦК доцільно трансформувати у державну службу діяльність якої спрямовується та координується Кабінетом Міністрів України через Міністра оборони, і який реалізує державну політику у сферах військового обов’язку і військової служби, мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації, соціального супроводу. Наголошується, що для забезпечення правового характеру діяльності такої служби необхідно розробити і ухвалити профільний закон.
ПРАВОВІ ПІДСТАВИ ДЛЯ ЕКСТРАДИЦІЇ, ЯК ГАРАНТІЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРАВ ОСОБИ
Authors: Панова Оксана , Макознак Софія
Published: October 2024

Метою статті є аналіз міжнародно-правових актів (міжнародних угод, конвенцій) щодо екстрадиції та їх вплив на українські процесуальні положення в цьому аспекті, що дасть нам зрозуміти, наскільки вони є правовою основою екстрадиції; обґрунтування правових підстав для екстрадиції, як гарантія забезпечення прав осіб, які вчинили кримінальне правопорушення. Методи дослідження: використано комплексний аналіз нормативно-правових актів, наукової літератури та практики застосування кримінального процесуального законодавства. Результати: обґрунтовано, що міжнародно-правові угоди, договори щодо екстрадиції, ратифіковані Україною, є однією з форм співробітництва держав у боротьбі зі злочинністю. В свою чергу, Конвенції, договори між державами й інші правові акти щодо видачи особи мають розрізнену систему міжнародно-правових інструментів. Зауважено, що загальновизнані міжнародні стандарти у галузі прав людини, зокрема щодо забезпечення права на життя, свободу та особисту недоторканність, на судовий захист тощо, мають принципове значення при видачі особи, що здійснила кримінальне правопорушення. Визначено, що певною мірою міжнародні норми про видачу правопорушників були систематизовані і відображені в кримінально-процесуальному кодексу України, положення якого є гарантією забезпечення прав особи, яка підлягає екстрадиції. Обговорення: метою екстрадиції є перешкода ухиленню від правосуддя за скоєний злочин. Аналізу конвенцій й КПК України довів, що правові положення є вичерпними і не підлягають розширювальному довільному тлумаченню.
Identification of conditions for ultrasonic effect on gas-dispersed medium and creation of radiators to increase the efficiency of coagulation in devices with swirling flow
Authors: Khmelev Vladimir N. , Nesterov Viktor A. , Shalunov Andrey V. , Terentyev Sergey A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The presence and uncontrolled distribution of aerosols of various substances in the air, which have a negative impact on humans, flora and fauna. This problem is especially acute in the extraction, processing and combustion of georesources. The most effective way to solve the problem is the use of high-intensity ultrasonic vibrations, the effect of which on aerosols causes convergence and agglomeration of small particles into large ones. However, at low concentrations, the particle coagulation efficiency is not sufficient to increase the recovery rate of gas treatment equipment. Therefore, there is a need to find new ways to optimize ultrasonic equipment for coagulation of fine particles in order to increase its efficiency. Aim. To determine the optimal conditions for ultrasonic influence on a swirling gas-dispersed flow, ensuring maximum efficiency of agglomeration of highly dispersed particles. Carrying out comparative studies of coagulation of particles when exposed to ultrasonic fields generated by different types of radiators and their combined effects will make it possible to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonic coagulation and the optimal design scheme of ultrasonic exposure. Objects. Coagulation of particles under ultrasonic impact, formed by various types of radiators. Methods. Computer modeling of the generated ultrasonic field using the finite element method using harmonic acoustic analysis. Finite element modeling and design of disk radiators using modal analysis. To determine the characteristics of the aerosol, a Malvern Spraytec Particle Analyzer was used. Results. The results of calculations and experiments have shown that the use of an extended ultrasonic tubular radiator operating on a bending-diametric mode of vibration and forming a ring standing wave with a sound pressure level of 162–165 dB as the main source of ultrasonic impact for devices with swirling flows may be the most energy efficient. Further increase in the efficiency of coagulation can only be achieved by the combined action of a tubular radiator and a longitudinally oscillating radiator. This significantly modifies the field structure and provides not only an increase in the sound pressure level (up to 167 dB), but also in the number of formed nodal surfaces (up to 44).
Device for preventing the formation of liquid plugs in a gas collection system or in a non-straight gas well
Authors: Muktasipov Damir R. , Safiullina Elena U.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Almost all gas fields, both in Russia and in the world, are developed under water-pressure conditions, which means that sooner or later the field operator is faced with the problem of well watering and liquid accumulation at their bottom. The control methods proposed at this stage of development of science and technology and the useful models and inventions applied for this, although they show their effectiveness in removing droplet liquid from the production wellbore, do not contribute to the further advancement of the removed fluid through the system for collecting and preparing products. Because of this fact, a number of problems arise, for example, the formation of local resistance in the form of ice or hydrate plugs, the cause of which is the fluid removed from the wellbore. Aim. Development of a universal device that can be used both in the production collection and preparation system and inside production wells, capable of injecting produced water into the gas flow in order to prevent the formation of “stagnant zones” of liquid. Objects. Flooded gas wells, the gas pressure in which is not enough to remove droplet liquid from the wellbore or transport this liquid to the place of product preparation. Methods. Assessment and analysis of existing devices to prevent the formation of liquid plugs in a gas collection system, identifying their main shortcomings, as well as mathematical modeling of the proposed model, in which these shortcomings are eliminated. Results and conclusions. The paper introduces a brief description of the problem under study and studies and discusses the main methods of preventing the formation of liquid plugs, used in gas fields both in Russia and in other countries. The authors have proposed the design of a universal device, which is devoid of the main identified disadvantages of analogue devices, and carried out its simplified mathematical calculation.
Probabilistic reliability model of electrical motors in submersible well pumping units used in the uranium mining by in-situ leaching
Authors: Yefremov Alexander A. , Kadyrov Kamol K. , Noskov Mikhail D. , Filipas Alexander A. , Shchipkov Alexander A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. A submersible electric motor is the most vulnerable component of an electric centrifugal pumping unit used in in-situ leaching uranium mining. The accuracy of calculating the need for new electric motors directly affects the profitability of the uranium production. Aim. Development of a probabilistic reliability model for a submersible electric motor that provides the calculation of its failure probability for the upcoming period of time and allows estimating with sufficient accuracy the number of motors required to replace the failed ones. Methods. Statistical methods, survival analysis, statistical hypothesis testing. Results and conclusions. The authors conducted a study of three probabilistic reliability models for electric motors of submersible well pumping units used in in-situ leaching uranium mining. As a result of the study, the maximum likelihood estimates of model parameters were determined for each model; the adequacy of the models under study was checked based on nonparametric goodness-of-fit tests. Despite the fact that the test results did not allow excluding any of the considered models, a model based on a mixture of two Weibull distributions was selected as a probabilistic reliability model demonstrating higher consistency with real data, compared to the other models. At the same time, the analysis of the components of the mixture distribution indicated the presence of a group of electric motors with an uncharacteristically low time-to-failure value compared to the average value calculated for the entire set of equipment under study, and made it possible to estimate the share of such motors, which amounted to 8% of the total population. Possible reasons explaining such heterogeneity of data, according to the authors, are hidden manufacturing defects or more severe operating conditions in which some submersible electric motors operate.
Uranium in groundwaters of North Kazakhstan
Authors: Medeshova Nazgul A. , Novikov Dmitry A. , Auelkhan Ergali S. , Antonenko Anatoly A. , Maksimova Anastasia A. , Derkachev Anton S. , Dultsev Fedor F. , Orynbek Adil M. , Miniskul Shattyk D. , Chernykh Anatoliy V. , Khvacshevskaya Albina A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The need to dentify the characteristics of the distribution of radioactive elements in the groundwater of Northern Kazakhstan. Aim. Generalization of available data on the geochemistry of groundwater and uranium and radon distribution in them using the example of the northern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methods. Generalization of long-term hydrogeochemical research and compilation of an electronic data bank on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan. A laboratory study of the chemical composition of groundwater was carried out at the Research Laboratory of Hydrogeochemistry of the School of Natural Resources Engineering of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Measurements of 222Rn contents in waters were carried out using the Alfarad Plus complex in the Laboratory of Hydrogeology of Sedimentary Basins of Siberia, Institute of Geology and Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Results. The groundwater of aquifers of different ages, distributed in the territory of Northern Kazakhstan (North Kazakhstan uranium province), was studied. Two geochemical sets of groundwater were identified. The first is characterized by the dominance of HCO3– and Mg2+ in the water composition, and the second by Cl– and Na+. A change in composition and an increase in the value of total mineralization from 0,1 to 49 g/dm3, in the direction from north to south, indicate the development of continental salinization. In natural waters of the first group, uranium content varies from 0.065 to 16000 μg/dm3 and radon activity from 4 to 3885 Bq/dm3. For sodium chloride waters of the second set, concentrations can reach 32500 μg/dm3, and radon activity is 6–59 Bq/dm3, since the emanating reservoir (granitoids) is located to the north – at a distance of 80–100 km. Naturally, granitoid massifs of the studied region are sources of uranium. Their drainage by the river network leads to its removal and concentration on geochemical barriers in the groundwater of the Neogene-Quaternary aquifer. This distribution of radioactive elements is associated with the high migration ability of uranium in solution in the form of uranyl ion in oxidizing geochemical conditions.
Isotopic composition of natural waters of Kuzbass in coalbed methane production areas
Authors: Lepokurova Olesya E. , Domrocheva Evgeniia V.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. In Kuzbass, a coalbed methane production project is being implemented for the first time in Russia. Formation water extracted together with coalbed methane plays an important role, since it has been in contact with the coal-bearing rocks for a long time, therefore it contains rich geochemical information. Over the period 2002–2022, new isotopic data were accumulated both on the waters of the region coal deposits and on overlying waters, including surface waters. Aim. Based on the material accumulated on the isotopic composition (δD, δ18O, δ13C, 34S, 3H, 14C) of natural waters in coal-bearing areas, create an evolutionary scheme for the formation of waters within the framework of the developed hypothesis on the interaction of water-rock-coal-methane. Objects. River, underground waters of the zone of active water exchange, upper and lower parts of the zone of slow water exchange (extracted together with coalbed methane). Methods. Studies of the isotopic composition of waters were carried out in several laboratories: in the Multielement and Isotope Research Center of the SB RAS, the Technical Branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “SNIIGGIMS”, in the radiocarbon AMS laboratory based on the Center for Collective Use “Cenozoic Geochronology” and in the Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (POI) FEB RAS. Results and conclusions. The paper introduces the data on δD, δ18О, δ13С и δ34S for surface and groundwater in Kuzbass in coalbed methane production areas. It is shown that all the waters under consideration are infiltration based on their isotopic composition (δD and δ18О). The waters of the lower part of the slow water exchange, produced together with coalbed methane, are characterized by a positive oxygen shift and very light hydrogen. A diagram of the evolution of the isotopic composition of water-dissolved carbon in the region has been compiled according to the data obtained. It is noted that the atmospheric source of CO2 is characteristic only of river waters, and only biogenic carbon dioxide is present in groundwater. The wide range of δ13СDIC values of the latter is explained by the varying degrees of participation of light soil carbon dioxide and heavy biochemical carbon dioxide formed during methane formation in the coal seam. The heaviest values are typical for waters produced together with coalbed methane, which is associated with long-term interaction with coal and methane. The time of such interaction was determined using the radiocarbon method: 17–30 thousand years. In areas where coalbed methane is produced, an increase in δ13СDIC values for all natural waters is observed, which requires further study.
Análisis comparativo de la eficiencia de la frontera estocástica en la recaudación de impuestos sobre nómina y hospedaje en México (2010-2020)
Authors: Sour Laura , Arcos Zavala Scarlet
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se analiza la eficacia de la recaudación del impuesto sobre la nómina (ISN) y el impuesto sobre el alojamiento (ISH) a nivel estatal en México durante el periodo de 2010 a 2020. Utilizando un panel de datos de los 32 estados mexicanos, aplicamos el enfoque de frontera estocástica (SF) con una distribución seminormal de errores aleatorios. Los estados con alta eficiencia en la recaudación del ISN no siempre se corresponden con aquellos que tienen un PIB más alto o que reciben menores transferencias intergubernamentales. Nuestro análisis sugiere que los estados con destinos turísticos en la playa tienden a mostrar una mayor eficiencia en la recaudación del ISH. Estos resultados son fundamentales para los encargados de formular políticas, ya que proporcionan una base sólida para la toma de decisiones informadas con el fin de mejorar la situación fiscal en las entidades federativas de México.
Aesthetic Facial Reconstruction Using Eye Epitheses: A Case Report
Authors: Ilea* Aranka , Vâjâean Cosmin , Bălescu Horațiu , Septimiu Câmpian Radu
Published: October 2024

Facial defects affect the quality of life of patients. The loss of the eyeball causes important damage both through the loss of visual acuity and aesthetic facial defects. For an adequate aesthetic reconstruction, these patients need a personalized eye epithesis to restore their physiognomy and offer them a better quality of life. Eye epitheses restore the aesthetic appearance, but not function, and their construction depends on the skills of the anaplastologist.
Correlation of Hepatic Enzymes and Inflammatory Markers with Severity of Covid-19
Authors: Shrestha* Rashmita , Pandey Gaurab
Published: October 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has now become a pandemic. COVID-19 has a wide variety of clinical features, ranging from asymptomatic infection to moderate to severe pneumonia. Different laboratory measures get changed in these individuals and are, therefore valuable as biomarkers to detect disease development and identify patients who may present a severe and/or fatal clinical condition.
Medicinal Mushroom Biotechnology
Authors: Berovic* Marin , Boh Bojana , Gregori Andrej
Published: October 2024

Since most of medicinal mushrooms are rare in nature production of fungal fruiting bodies using artificial cultivation in a form of farming has been intensively established during the last 40 years. Solid state cultivation of various medicinal mushroom mycelia in various types of bioreactors, suitable for veterinary use, appears slightly in last few decades. Developing submerged technologies, using stirred tank and air lift bioreactors, are the most promising technologies for fast and large cultivation of medicinal pharmaceutically active products for human need.
Effects of the ‘Framework For Case Analysis’ in pre-service teachers’ professional ethics education
Authors: Tezcan Gamze
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of the framework proposed for professional ethics courses in teacher education on the pre-service science teachers’ analysis of cases involving ethical dilemmas. The research was designed as a case study. The study group was composed of nine (two males and seven females) pre-service science teachers. Participants were expected to analyze the cases in the ethical dilemma case analysis form without and with the framework. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis within the scope of the steps of the framework. It was found that the framework makes pre-service science teachers to better define the case, produce more than one option for the solution of the case, and evaluate these options by considering their teacher identities and various sources. The decisions taken by the pre-service teachers during the analysis changed and the moral level of their decisions increased when they used the framework.
Activismo judicial
Authors: Pulido-Ortiz Fabio Enrique
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es avanzar en la comprensión del activismo judicial. El artículo inicia con el análisis de las principales tesis sobre el concepto de activismo judicial, subrayando sus principales debilidades explicativas. Luego se introduce la distinción entre la actividad judicial, a saber, el ejercicio “propio” de funciones judiciales; y el activismo judicial entendido como un tipo específico de ejercicio “impropio” de funciones judiciales. Se concluye que el activismo judicial es una forma de ejercicio impropio de la actividad judicial, que se caracteriza por la reconfiguración de las competencias de los jueces a través de sus propias decisiones.
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with the Incidence of Placenta Accreta at an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Aisha Grayli Cahyani  , Willy Sandhika  , Gatut Hardianto
Published: October 2024

Highlights:1. The increased incidence of placenta accreta is contributed significantly by parity classification, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval.2. The findings of this study can be used as an additional reference in determining the risk of placenta accreta in pregnant women, specifically as an input in screening and antenatal care programs for pregnant women to provide early detection and appropriate management.
 
Abstract
The incidence of placenta accreta during pregnancy constitutes a serious problem in reproductive health. This complication has increased significantly over the last few decades, especially in developed countries where cesarean deliveries have also risen. Placenta accreta spectrum can cause very severe bleeding and potentially lead to other serious complications. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of placenta accreta in women giving birth at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. This quantitative study used an analytical observational research design, specifically the case-control approach. The study sample was all mothers who gave birth at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, between 2019 and 2023. In addition to a univariate analysis, the data were subjected to bivariate analysis using a two-sample independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test for ordinal data and for nominal data using the Chi-square test as well as multivariate analysis using logistic regression (p<0.05). The results showed that parity, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval were the variables identified as significantly associated with placenta accreta. According to the logistic regression analysis, parity, a history of cesarean section, and a history of curettage were identified as the primary determinants of placenta accreta incidence. The classification of parity was found to have the most significant relationship to the incidence of placenta accreta. This study concluded that parity classification, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval are the significant risk factors contributing to the increased incidence of placenta accreta at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Drought tolerance in grapevine involves multiple interacting physiological mechanisms
Authors: Gambetta Gregory A. , Delmas Chloé E. L. , Marguerit Elisa , Ollat Nathalie , Saint Cast Clément , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Delzon Sylvain
Published: October 2024

The past decade has produced some major advances in our understanding of how grapevines regulate their water use and tolerate drought. Numerous traits that are important for conferring drought tolerance have been identified and quantified across a range of cultivars (Dayer et al., 2022). Nevertheless, arriving at a firm hierarchical rating of different cultivars’ drought tolerance has eluded scientists. This short review seeks to explain how drought tolerance is dependent on multiple traits, all interacting within a particular environment and management context.
Protein multiplicity: exemplifying an overwhelmingly likely pattern of molecular evolution?
Authors: Hatton Les , Warr Greg
Published: October 2024

Conservation of Hartley–Shannon Information (CoHSI) is a purely probabilistic, general theory of discrete systems. It is not a theory of evolution per se, but if it is correct, CoHSI can predict and help explain emergent patterns of macroevolution. In this study, we test both the falsifiability and utility of predictions from the CoHSI theory in the context of molecular evolution. First, we test whether CoHSI accurately predicts a heretofore unknown outcome of macroevolution, the distribution of protein multiplicity. Multiplicity is the occurrence identically of a protein in more than a single species (or species equivalent). We observe over 13 million multiplicious proteins, ranging from the highly conserved (including histones, components of photosystems, and the electron transport chain) to the rapidly evolving viral proteins that are involved in infection and adaptation to novel host species. CoHSI predicts that when considered globally across all three domains of life and the viruses, multiplicity will show a distinctive variant of the Zipfian distribution. We show that the predictions of the CoHSI theory are borne out to a high degree of statistical robustness for the multiplicious proteins of eukaryotes, bacteria, archaea, and viruses whether considered separately or in totality. Second, we test whether deviations from CoHSI predictions can be informative of underlying evolutionary processes. We show that observed perturbations of the CoHSI-predicted distribution are strongly associated with enterobacterial species in which rapid microevolution facilitated by the horizontal transfer of genes is prevalent.
15 Evidences That the Scope of Special/General Relativity Is Limited
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: October 2024

Today’s physics describes nature in “subjective concepts” (concepts of observers), such as spatial, temporal, wave, particle, force, field. There are coordinate-free formulations of special and general relativity (SR/GR), but there is no absolute time in SR/GR. Thus, there is no “holistic view” (a view that is universal for all objects at the same instant in time) in SR/GR. I show: Euclidean relativity (ER) provides a holistic view by describing nature in “objective concepts” (concepts that are immanent in all objects). “Pure distance” replaces spatial and temporal distance. “Pure energy” replaces wave and particle. I give one example where “process” replaces force and field. Each object’s proper space and its proper time span an absolute, Euclidean spacetime (ES), where and are pure distances. The new invariant is absolute, cosmic time . All energy moves through ES at the speed . An observer’s reality is created by orthogonally projecting ES to his proper space and to his proper time. These two projections are reassembled in SR/GR to a non-Euclidean spacetime. Information is lost in all projections. Thus, there will always be unsolved mysteries if we ignore ES. ER solves 15 mysteries, including the Hubble tension! On top, ER declares four concepts obsolete, such as dark energy and non-locality. I conclude: SR/GR describe an observer’s reality. ER describes the “master reality” ES. Objective concepts are mandatory in cosmology and in quantum mechanics. Thus, the scope of SR/GR is limited—just as the scope of Newton’s physics is limited.
Fostering Caring Attributes to Improve Patient Care in Nursing Through Small Group Work: Perspectives of Students and Educators
Authors: Wong Florence Mei Fung
Published: October 2024

Nursing, a profession known for its compassion and dedication to providing exceptional patient care, relies heavily on the cultivation of caring attributes to uphold the highest standards of practice. Despite the common use of small group work in nursing education, there is a gap in understanding how these caring attributes are developed through this approach. This qualitative study sought to explore the emergence of caring attributes in small group settings as perceived by nursing students and educators. Thirteen nursing students and ten educators participated in semi-structured group interviews at a professional educational institution. The study identified four key sets of caring attributes nurtured through small group work: interpersonal communication with respect, compassion, and empathy; competence and confidence; and accountability to commitment. These findings underscore the essential role of caring in nursing, emphasizing how collaborative group work can facilitate the development of crucial attributes through interpersonal interactions. The cultivation of respectful communication skills among students is highlighted as pivotal for enhancing interactions with healthcare professionals, patients, and families, ultimately improving the quality of care provided. By providing opportunities for interactive learning and ongoing practice, students can effectively embody these caring attributes, fostering their nursing professionalism throughout their careers.