bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Requirement Consistency and Integrity Verification Method based on Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wu Chao , Huang Zhong Hua , Yang Yu Ting , Liu Yue
Published: February 2021

In the iterative process of the update of the information service system, the continuous improvement of the system is restricted due to problems such as non-standard, incomplete, and strong ambiguity in the description of requirements. It makes it difficult to verify the consistency and integrity of requirements. In this paper, we focus on the huge requirements of complex information service system, and propose research on requirement itemized extraction and structured description technology based on natural language processing and requirement item keyword extraction and standardized expression technology. The library management system is used as the verification object to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.
Research on Intelligent Cloud Test Platform
Authors: Zhonghua Huang , Yuting Yang , Jing Gao , Kunlong Wang
Published: February 2021

With the increasing complexity of software information systems, software quality assurance faces enormous challenges. The software information system is more and more complex, and the quality requirements are getting higher and higher. The traditional automated test methods and tools can not adapt to the changing test requirements. The research on the independent controllable intelligent test platform based on cloud computing and big data will be carried out. The combination of platform and software testing not only reduces test costs, but also improves test efficiency and effectiveness. This paper analyzes the status quo and gaps of the intelligent cloud test platform at home and abroad, and presents the research content and technical solutions of an autonomous and controllable intelligent cloud test platform. First, we make research on the rapid construction technology of large-scale test environment for heterogeneous independent platforms,that is, mirror virtualization and rapid combined deployment technology of software testing tool environment;secondly,we study complex business scenario model generation technologies, including domain analysis and modeling of information systems, formal definition of model-based complex business scenarios and rapid construction technology;finally, we study the automatic generation technology of test cases for complex business scenarios, aiming to make full use of complex business scenario models and full-link historical test data.
Research on Conversion and Integration Framework from BIM Data to 3DGIS Scene
Authors: Liu Chengkun , Zhang Li , Ma Rui , Zhang Xiong , Qiu Xin
Published: February 2021

There are large differences between BIM and 3DGIS in model scale, data standards, information expression, etc., which brings great challenges to the conversion and integration between them. Through in-depth analysis of the current status, problems and difficulties about the integration of BIM models in 3DGIS scenes, aiming to the optimization of graphic information conversion, extraction and integration of attribute information, model light- weighting, shared scheduling, and integrated management of the entire life cycle, combined with IFC and CityGML, a framework for the transformation and integration of BIM models to 3DGIS scenes is proposed. Taking the management information system of the Changjiang Water Resources Committee as an example, after forming a preliminary three-dimensional terrain scene and building appearance model, the process of transforming and integrating a BIM building model into 3DGIS scene is discussed. The results show that the framework can effectively guide the entire process of conversion, publication, integration and application of BIM models in 3DGIS scene, and proves good practicability and operability.
A Novel Heuristic Method for Emergency Path Planning Based on Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Characteristics Map
Authors: Yang Bowen , Yuan Lei , Yan Jin , Ding Zhiming , Cai Zhi , Guo Limin
Published: February 2021

Emergency path planning technology is one of the hot research points in intelligent transportation systems. There are many methodologies and applications in emergency path planning. However, due to the complexity of the urban network and crowded road conditions, the difficulty of emergency path planning. The objective of emergency path planning is to get the vehicle out of the emergency areas and to its destination in the shortest time. Road congestion caused by emergency situations in cities directly affects the original road network structure. Then the weight of the original road network is no longer suitable as a basis for path recommendation and the value of edges of weight will change over time. To handle the dynamic road network, a novel situational time-stamp heuristic search algorithm (STH) is introduced for the situation space. This algorithm can effectively solve the problem of diversity of situational networks. STH can build a heuristic that adapts to time changes based on the map refresh time, and ensures that the path given in the time window T is optimal. Moreover, STH can give a pruning strategy according to the search time window T, which significantly improves the efficiency of the algorithm. Finally, the path planned by STH is better than the baseline algorithm.
Research on a Design and Manufacturing Integration Mode Based on a Full 3D Model
Authors: Yan Liang , Qingdong Zhang , Shi Li , Hua Duan , Yi Zhang , Canxia Shao
Published: February 2021

In view of issues such as low reuse rate of three-dimensional design model in process and production during product research and design, insufficient ability of 3D process design and optimization application, and urgent needs for a closed-loop design-manufacture-inspection integrated control system based on 3D model, this paper is centered around the digital definition and application technologies based on 3D models and facing full process information of product design-process design-production-inspection, combining the product development process, and studies the design and manufacturing integration framework based on a full 3D model, software architecture and data integration management architecture. This paper too selects products with multi-subject features as verification objects and verifies the feasibility and superiority of the integrated design-production-inspection development mode based on a full 3D model.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Power Grid Enterprises based on Enterprise Architecture Method
Authors: Han Xuemin , Zheng Gaofeng , Jin Bei , Zhou Ming , Chen Qingping , Xu Zhongping , Fu Lingbo
Published: February 2021

The rapid development of contemporary new information technology provides new opportunities and challenges for power grid enterprises. As a new technology with rapid development, artificial intelligence technology has begun to play an important role in related fields. Because of the complexity of power grid enterprise structure, how to realize the in-depth implementation of artificial intelligence has become the current concern of power grid enterprises. In order to solve the problem, the enterprise architecture method is used to deeply analyse the power grid enterprise architecture, and the application of artificial intelligence is clearly planned according to the architecture system level. Based on the planning of business category, application category, technology category and data category, artificial intelligence can be applied to complex power grid structure more thoroughly. Successful application cases of artificial intelligence in power grid enterprise are be used as an example analysis. The application of artificial intelligence technology in power grid enterprises, the efficiency and ability of enterprises, and the pace of energy transformation will be improved.
2nd Bukittinggi International Conference on Education (BICED) 2020
Authors: Rahim Robbi , Iswantir M , Abdullah Nabilah , Jahwae Phaosan , bin Awang Mat Mohd. Zahiri
Published: February 2021

The Faculty of Education and Teaching Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bukittinggi, West Sumatera Indonesia, organized the 2nd International Conference on Education (BICED 2020) on 14-15 September 2020 in Bukittinggi, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The 2nd BICED 2020 aims to exchange knowledge and research finding among academicians, researchers, profesionals, policy makers, and postgraduate students.

The Awareness to increase the number of publications on the results of research that has been done, deserves appreciation by all parties. Because of that, Faculty of Education and Teaching IAIN Bukittinggi provide motivation and space for researcher to disseminate their research and accommodate the result of research that has been done. Bukittinggi International Conference on Education (BICED 2020), is the second International Conference held by Faculty of Education and Teaching with theme “The Reinforcement of Values and Characters of “Independent Campus” in the 4.0 Industrial Era and the 5.0 Society Era” .

List of Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee, Editorial Committee, Invited Speaker, Organizing Institutions, Sponsors and images are available in this pdf.
Online Applications to Support Remote Classroom Dialogue and Assessment
Authors: Aisyah Zulkifli Nur , Zaitun  , Rozimela Yenni , Mirawati
Published: February 2021

This study investigates the impact of using online applications, which is integrating software or platform to support remote teaching and learning. Lots of online applications, both free and paid-for, can be used by teachers to enrich classroom interaction and to support students’ ability and understanding in the process of teaching and assessment. This study used descriptive mixed method design. To collect data, questionnaire was distributed to 140 students from senior high schools in Riau province. The findings showed that students believe in the significance of online applications to simplify creating, distributing, and grading assignments and receiving immediate feedback which is supported by some applications. On the other hand, the findings indicated that remote teaching did not create huge opportunities for effective learning and collaboration outside the classroom. Students need that the teachers should focus on pedagogy and learning, rather than technology. It is very important to provide immediate feedback during the formative assessment process to enhance students’ performance.
Virtual Academic Supervision Model for Madrasah Aliyah in Sungai Penuh
Authors: Alwis  , Marsidin Syufyarma , Efendi Mawardi , Jama Jalius , Hasnawati
Published: February 2021

This article aims to explore the implementation of academic supervision in Madrasah Aliyah in Sungai Penuh. The research employs a survey method. The findings of the research indicate that the implementation of academic supervision in Madrasah Aliyah in Sungai Penuh is still in low category because the supervision does not channel government regulations to proclaim and improve the quality of education through improving teachers’ performance in the school environment, especially in madrasah because the supervisors only evaluate the teachers’ performance. During the Covid 19 pandemic, the academic supervision was not carried out properly because 47,5% of the supervision activities were conducted through zoom meeting.
Animated video as a Media for Learning Science in Elementary School
Authors: Astuti Ruli , Nisak Nur maslikhatun , Nadlif Ainun , Wulan Hajjatul Zamzania Adea
Published: February 2021

This study aims to develop a product in the form of an animated video on material characteristics and changes in the form of objects in MI Walisongo Gempol Pasuruan with research subjects of class III A. This research uses Research and Development, with a research design adapted from the ADDIE model. The results of this study indicate that the animated video is valid to be used in science learning in class III A MI Walisongo Gempol Pasuruan. This is evidenced by the results of validation from media experts, design experts, content experts, and students’ responses by using questionnaire. The results of data analysis from media experts is 87.5%, which means it is very valid, content experts is 90%, and design experts is 82.5%. For the media test, the students obtained 93.76%. After using animated video as a learning media, the number of students who are able to reach the standard of minimum completeness was 85%, while the number of students who did not reach the standard of minimum completeness was 15%. The trial of using animated video as a learning media has been effective. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the animated video is valid to be used as a learning media on material characteristics and changes in the form of objects. Animated video media can improve student learning outcomes and be able to encourage students to think critically in learning science.
Development of HOTS-Based Instruments with a Science Literacy Approach to Measure Students’ High-Level Thinking Ability
Authors: Poernomo JB , Fariyani Qisthi , Lestari Widy
Published: February 2021

This research develops multiple open choice reasoning instrument with HOTS (High Order Thinking Skills) learning approach to measure high level thinking ability of class X of Karangpandan high school students on harmonic motion material. The purpose of this study is to develop open reasoning multiple-choice instruments based on HOTS with a scientific literacy approach, to test the validity and reliability of HOTS-based instruments, to test the discrimination power and level of difficulty of HOTS instruments and measure the ability of high-level thinking in class X students on harmonic motion material. The type of research used is R&D by Borg and Gall. The HOTS instrument developed consists of cognitive levels of analysing, evaluating and creating. HOTS instruments have been tested for content validity and empirically that produced 14 items that were declared as valid. The instrument showed rcount > rtable. The results of high-level thinking skills of students can be categorized as very less as 1.60%, less as 74.60% and sufficient as 23.80%.
Development and assessment study on web-based chemistry apperception media for teacher
Authors: Susilowati F
Published: February 2021

learning process is the most important part which will influence for the next hour of learning. This study aims to develop assess the quality of bilingual web-based of chemistry apperception in acids bases and buffer topics. The model used was a descriptive procedural model. Developed product was guided by two supervisors and got input from content experts, media experts, and peer reviewers. The quality of product was assessed by six high school chemistry teachers, based on 4 assessment components: 1) feasibility of contents, 2) linguistic, 3) aesthetics, and 4) software engineering. The result of this assessment was qualitative data, which tabulated and analyzed using the standard of ideal assessment criteria to determine the quality of product. The result of this research is a chem apperception website, containing chemistry apperception in acids bases and buffer topic. The quality of the product scored 119.167 with percentage 85.12%. As listed on ideal assessment criteria, a very good quality ranged on score X > 117.601, so it could be concluded that the product has a very good quality. Thus, it can be used as an alternative reference for chemistry teacher to find ideas, to design, and to do their chemistry apperception in the learning process.
Learning Tools with SAVI Participation (Somatic, Auditory, Visualization, Intellectual) in Improving Mathematical Communication Skills in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0
Authors: Rizqi Muhammad , Nurjali
Published: February 2021

Mathematical Communication Capability becomes an important part of the purpose of learning mathematics in the current era, but in reality, mathematical communication is still underestimated so that the process of learning mathematics has not fully paid attention to mathematical communication competence. This study aims to examine the validity of the development of learning tools with the SAVI approach in improving mathematical communication skills. This type of research is the development of learning tools using learning development models using learning development models ADDIE models consisting of 5 stages. Learning Tools developed include (a) Syllabus, (b) RPP, (c) Modules, (d) Macromedia Flash 8 and (e) Mathematical communication skills test. Two class research subjects in which one class uses expository learning and one class using the SAVI approach. Analysis and discussion results show that the use of the SAVI approach can improve mathematical communication skills. This study was declared valid, based on the results of the validation of experts, for the syllabus (3.63), RPP (3.63), Modules (3.48), Macromedia Flash 8 (3.70) and tests of mathematical communication skills (3.67 ) is categorized as meeting the good criteria.
Youtube as a Media For Strengthining Character Education in Early Childhood
Authors: Imroatun Imroatun , Widat Faizatul , Fauziddin Mohammad , Farida Siti , Maryam Siti , Zulaiha
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze YouTube as a medium for strengthening character education in early childhood in the Azzainiyah Karanganyar Play Group Paiton Probolinggo. The analytical method used in discussing problems uses qualitative methods. With the results of the study show that YouTube as a medium for strengthening character education in Early Childhood plays an important role in children. With media they are easier to learn so that it gives a very big influence.
Utilization of USID Applications (UGT System Integrator Development) in Management System
Authors: Hamid Wahid Abd , Zainuddin Sunarto Muhammad , Syaiful Suib Muhammad , Yunia Ari Kusumawati Firda , Luthfyllah Fahmi , Romla Siti
Published: February 2021

The use of information technology is the optimal use of computers (mainframes, mini, micro), software (software), databases, networks (internet, intranet), electronic commerce, and other types of technology-related. The purpose of this research in this Journal is to find out the Financial Management System Using the USID Application that is available at the Cooperative, BMT, and SRB. The research method used was a qualitative analysis based on primary and secondary data obtained from literature studies, in-depth interviews. The selection of research location is located at BMT Tanjung Karanganyar Paiton Probolinggo. This USID application provides convenience and security to financial data in BMT Tanjung, with a reliable and privacy system (can only be accessed by the BMT Tanjung).
The Bridge Graphs Partition Dimension
Authors: Amrullah A , Syahrul A. , Turmuzi M. , Baidowi  , Nani K
Published: February 2021

Finding the partition dimension of graph is still an open problem in the graph theory. Therefore, several researchers investigate the problem in several operations of the graph. For example, the partition dimension of corona product, cartesian product, subdivision operation has been published by several researchers. Let G1, G2
be two connected graphs. We present the partition dimension of a graph G which is obtained from two graphs G1(
G2
with a linking a vertex in G1
to one vertex in G2
(a bridge in graph G). This paper is devoted to find the upper bound of partition dimension of the connected two graphs by a bridge.
Thermodynamic assessment of the phenomena of heat and mass transfer for energy-technological systems production of groats concentrates
Authors: Bunin E S , Kalashnikov G V , Makeev S V
Published: February 2021

To assess the thermodynamic excellence of food processing technologies of raw material, it is proposed to use the exergy method based on the second law of thermodynamics. A procedure has been developed for calculating thermal and exergy costs in the moisture-heat treatment of capillary-porous colloidal materials. Thermal and exergy calculations of the production of cooked-dried rice groats were performed. Thermal and exergy analysis of heat and mass transfer processes energy-technological systems (ETS) of various schemes for the production of groats concentrates was carried out. The thermal and exergy estimates of the processes of heat-mass exchange during the moisture-thermal treatment of capillary-porous colloidal materials are obtained using the example of cooked-dried groats. A thermodynamic assessment of the phenomena of heat and mass transfer of ETS for the production of groats concentrates based on the theoretical and experimental studies, which resulted in the development of recommendations on the scientific and practical support for heat and mass transfer processes of moisture- thermal treatment of raw materials. It has been proven that a change in product moisture has a greater effect on exergy than a change in temperature does. It is suggested to use, for an assessment of energy efficiency and a comparative exergy analysis of various ETS for processing raw materials, along with exergy efficiency, specific exergy values characterizing exergy costs per unit of dried finished product, per unit of moisture removal and moisture adsorption
Zootechnical and veterinary methods of high-producing dairy cows treatment
Authors: Voitenko L G , Voitenko O S
Published: February 2021

The article represents the results of research into the development of a remedy for treating puerperal mastitis and endometritis in high-producing cows. The work was carried out at The Department of Obstetrics, Surgery, and Physiology of Domestic Animals in Don State Agrarian University. The research involved a complex pharmaceutical composition used as a dosage form and containing yotoin as the active substance, excipients (retinol, dexamethasone, propolis), and vehicle (liquid paraffin). When getting into an affected cavity, the remedy is completely absorbed and therapeutically acts on affected tissues and organs both generally and locally. The effect is adjusted depending on the disease severity. All studied compositions have a high therapeutic effect. However, they differ in the time needed for the improvement in wellbeing to appear and the length of therapeutic treatment. We chose composition no. 2 as the optimal for further clinical trials. When using the tested remedy, the improvement in the general and local well-being of an animal appeared on the fifth day since the beginning of treatment. The whole therapeutic treatment took 10 days. The tested remedy showed a 100% therapeutic effectiveness.
Promising design of a cutting machine for the Azov-Black Sea anchovy
Authors: Oleynikova R E , Stepanov D V , Gukasyan A V , Kosachevb V S
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the design of a machine for cutting small fish using a water-air jet as a working tool. The primary technological operations in cutting the fish are removing the head and viscera as well as cleaning the abdominal cavity of the fish from the blood kidney and the black film. These operations are complex and time-consuming, due to the wide variety of volumes, lengths and shapes of the abdominal cavities, as well as the difference in the consistency of body tissues. At the same time, the abdominal cavities of fish of various species have standard features, which make it possible to use the same techniques when processing them. It is of particular difficulty in performing such operations to remove the guts of the Azov-Black Sea anchovy. An important element in the small fish cutting mechanization is the centring of the head of the fish cut with a nozzle, as well as fixing the body of the fish in the cartridge in a certain position. This design of the machine allows realizing the process of cutting the Azov-Black Sea anchovy with the complete removal of the guts.
Use of Textile Waste as an Addition in the elaboration of an Ecological Concrete Block
Authors: Anglade J , Benavente E , Rodríguez J , Hinostroza A
Published: February 2021

The textile industry has grown significantly in recent years, reaching a global fiber production of 53 million tons which 12 % are recycled; Construction sector has been using more and more recycled materials from different industrial sources, to apply them in their constructions and to reduce CO2 emissions and final energy consumption. The present study aims to study the behavior of concrete blocks of f´c = 210 kg/cm2 adding polyester textile waste with 3 %, 6 %, 9 %, 12 % and 15 %; void content, compressive strength and thermal conductivity decrease, and water absorption, acoustic insulation and unit price increase by 3 %, 34 % and 16 % compared to conventional concrete block.
Trajectories of Mental Distress Among U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Riehm Kira E , Holingue Calliope , Smail Emily J , Kapteyn Arie , Bennett Daniel , Thrul Johannes , Kreuter Frauke , McGinty Emma E , Kalb Luther G , Veldhuis Cindy B , Johnson Renee M , Fallin M Daniele , Stuart Elizabeth A
Published: February 2021

Background

Cross-sectional studies have found that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively affected population-level mental health. Longitudinal studies are necessary to examine trajectories of change in mental health over time and identify sociodemographic groups at risk for persistent distress.

Purpose

To examine the trajectories of mental distress between March 10 and August 4, 2020, a key period during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Participants included 6,901 adults from the nationally representative Understanding America Study, surveyed at baseline between March 10 and 31, 2020, with nine follow-up assessments between April 1 and August 4, 2020. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine the association between date and self-reported mental distress (measured with the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire) among U.S. adults overall and among sociodemographic subgroups defined by sex, age, race/ethnicity, household structure, federal poverty line, and census region.

Results

Compared to March 11, the odds of mental distress among U.S. adults overall were 1.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.65–2.07) times higher on April 1 and 1.92 (95% CI = 1.62–2.28) times higher on May 1; by August 1, the odds of mental distress had returned to levels comparable to March 11 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66–0.96). Females experienced a sharper increase in mental distress between March and May compared to males (females: OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.85–2.82; males: OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.15–2.02).

Conclusions

These findings highlight the trajectory of mental health symptoms during an unprecedented pandemic, including the identification of populations at risk for sustained mental distress.
Moved by Music Alone
Authors: Cochrane Tom
Published: February 2021

In this paper, I present an explanation of musical arousal that takes into account key demands of formalist philosophers such as Peter Kivy and Nick Zangwill. Formalists prioritize our understanding and appreciation of the music itself. As a result, they demand that any feelings we have in response to music must be directed at the music alone, without being distracted by non-musical associations. To accommodate these requirements, I appeal to a mechanism of contagion that I synthesize with the expectation-based arousal mechanism proposed by Leonard Meyer. This account connects musical expressivity and arousal in a way that formalists have rejected, but I argue that it provides the best explanation of our observations of listener responses while also focusing on the music itself.
Antimicrobial stewardship perspectives from a New York City hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Kubin Christine J , Loo Angela S , Cheng Jennifer , Nelson Brian , Mehta Monica , Mazur Shawn , So Wonhee , Calfee David P , Singh Harjot K , Greendyke William G , Simon Matthew S , Furuya E Yoko
Published: February 2021

Purpose

To share challenges and opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship programs based on one center’s experience during the early weeks of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

In the spring of 2020, New York City quickly became a hotspot for the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, putting a strain on local healthcare systems. Antimicrobial stewardship programs faced diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainties as well as healthcare resource challenges. With the lack of effective antivirals, antibiotic use in critically ill patients was difficult to avoid. Uncertainty drove antimicrobial use and thus antimicrobial stewardship principles were paramount. The dramatic influx of patients, drug and equipment shortages, and the need for prescribers to practice in alternative roles only compounded the situation. Establishing enhanced communication, education, and inventory control while leveraging the capabilities of the electronic medical record were some of the tools used to optimize existing resources.

Conclusion

New York City was a unique and challenging environment during the initial peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Antimicrobial stewardship programs can learn from each other by sharing lessons learned and practice opportunities to better prepare other programs facing COVID-19 case surges.
Paeoniflorin alleviates endothelial dysfunction caused by overexpression of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and soluble endoglin in preeclampsia via VEGFA upregulation
Authors: Zhang Jin , Hua Wei , Zhao Xinyuan , Yang Fan , Guo Ting , Zhang Jianhua , Zheng Xuerong , Liang Wanqi
Published: February 2021

This study assessed the protective effects of paeoniflorin against preeclampsia-related endothelial damage (ED). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) isolated from healthy puerperae were identified by immunofluorescence assay. After paeoniflorin treatment, HUVECs were induced by soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sEng) to establish ED. Cell viability, migration, invasion, tube formation, and apoptosis were assessed by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium MTT assay, Scratch assay, Transwell assay, tube formation assay, and flow cytometry. VEGFA expression in HUVECs was analyzed by Western blot. HUVECs were successfully isolated and identified as Von Willebrand factor (vWF) positive. Individual treatment or cotreatment of sFlt-1 and sEng inhibited migration, invasion and tube formation, enhanced apoptosis, and decreased VEGFA expression in HUVECs. Paeoniflorin pretreatment partially reversed the effects delivered by cotreatment of sFlt-1 and sEng in HUVECs. Paeoniflorin alleviated preeclampsia-related ED caused by overexpression of sFlt-1 and sEng by upregulating VEGFA.
Investigation of Phenolic Content in Five Different Pine Barks Species Grown in Turkey by HPLC-UV and LC–MS
Authors: Şeker Mehmet Emin , Çelik Ali , Dost Kenan , Erdoğan Ayşegül
Published: February 2021

Investigation of phenolic content from different pine bark species grown in Turkey was performed using a reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (RP-HPLC-UV) method. All phenolic constituents were separated in <26 min on reversed-phase C18 column with gradient mobile phase that consists of orthophosphoric acid, methanol and acetonitrile. Detections were made on an UV detector at 280 nm and at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Samples were prepared according to Masqueller’s conventional sample preparation method with slight modifications. To avoid the reduction in extraction efficiency the sample preparation step was carried out under argon atmosphere. The linearity of the method was between 0.9994 and 0.9999. The detection limits for the five phenolic constituents ranged from 0122 to 0.324 mg/L. Catechin and taxifolin were found in all pine barks at a concentration of 0.065 ± 0.002–1.454 ± 0.004 and 0.015 ± 0.001–23.164 ± 0.322 mg/g, respectively. Epicatechin was determined in four pine barks between 0.027 ± 0.001 and 0.076 ± 0.002 mg/g, ferulic acid in two pine barks between 0.010 ± 0.001 and 0.022 ± 0.001 mg/g and epicatechin gallate in only one of the pine barks at 0.025 ± 0.001 mg/g. Finally, the total amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of the pine barks were found to be very high.
Sensitive Analysis of Metoprolol Tartrate and Diltiazem Hydrochloride in Human Serum by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Combining on Column Field-Amplified Sample Injection
Authors: Li Ning , He Shujuan , Li Chunlan , Yang Fatang , Dong Yuming
Published: February 2021

A sensitive capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) combined with field-amplified sample injection (FASI) method was investigated to simultaneously determine diltiazem (DI) hydrochloride and metoprolol (ME) tartrate in human serum. This method was validated by linearity, limits of detection (LOD), stability, precision and accuracy, and the related parameters are linearity (r2 > 0.9980), intra- and inter-day precisions (intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) is 2.3–3.4%, and inter-day RSD is 3.8–7.5%) and the LOD (0.02 ng/mL for ME tartrate and 0.01 ng/mL for DI hydrochloride). So the proposed method is rapid, sensitive and accurate for determination of these two anti-anginal drugs in human serum. As for enrichment conditions, it was helpful to add phosphoric acid and isopropanol into samples for enrichment efficiency. A model was established to illustrate the possible enrichment mechanism of analytes, and a theory of half-width was also applied in CZE combined with FASI method to evaluate the peak performance.
Analysis of outcomes of a transoral circular stapled anastomosis following major upper gastrointestinal cancer resection
Authors: Foley Daniel M , Emanuwa Emudiaga J E , Knight William R C , Baker Cara R , Kelly Mark , McEwan Ricardo , Zylstra Janine , Davies Andrew R , Gossage James A
Published: February 2021

Background

Esophageal anastomoses performed following esophagectomy and total gastrectomy are technically challenging with a significant risk of anastomotic leak. A safe, reliable, and easy anastomotic technique is required to improve patient outcomes and reduce morbidity.

Method

This paper analyses 328 consecutive patients who underwent transoral circular stapled esophageal anastomosis (ORVIL™) from a prospectively collected single-center database between December 2011 and February 2019.

Results

Two hundred and twenty-seven esophagectomies and 101 gastrectomies were performed using OrVil™ anastomoses. The mean patient age was 63.7 years. Of 328 consecutive OrVil™-based anastomoses, there were 10 clinically significant anastomotic leaks requiring radiological or operative intervention (3.05%). Twenty-eight (8.54%) patients developed anastomotic stricture, all of which were successfully treated with endoscopic balloon dilatation (a median of 1 dilatation was required per patient).

Conclusion

The OrVil™ anastomotic technique is reliable and safe to perform. This is the largest reported series of the OrVil™ anastomotic technique to date. Leak rates and anastomotic dilations were similar to other reported series. Based on our experience, we consider the use of the OrVil™ device for reconstruction after major upper GI resection to be safe and reliable.
Late improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with persistent severe systolic dysfunction under guideline-directed medical therapy
Authors: De Angelis G , Merlo M , Bertolo S , De Luca A , Paldino A , Ramani F , Barbati G , Sinagra G
Published: February 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: None.

Background. A consistent proportion of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) experience left ventricular reverse remodelling (LVRR) during the first 24 months of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). However, important decisions, such as the need for ICD, are requested after 3 months of GDMT. The evolution of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during the first years after GDMT in DCM is unknown.

Purpose. Our study aims to investigate the proportion and characterise DCM patients experiencing late LVEF improvement.

Methods. We analysed DCM patients consecutively enrolled with short disease duration, recent initiation of GDMT (≤ 3 months) and a LVEF ≤ 35% at 6-month follow-up evaluation. LVEF > 35% at 24-month was the primary end-point of the study.

Results. Among 131 patients (mean age 53 ± 14, male sex 74%), 88 (67%) improved their LVEF at 24 months above 35%. A > 10% reduction of the indexed left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDDi) between enrolment and 6-month evaluation emerged as the only independent predictor of late LVEF improvement. During the subsequent follow-up, the late LVEF improvement was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of major arrhythmic events, compared to patients with persistent LVEF ≤ 35% (p = 0.010). 

Conclusions. A high proportion of DCM patients improve their LVEF after more than 3-6 months of GDMT, which is associated with lower long-term arrhythmic risk. The early evaluation of dynamic parameters, such as the reduction of LVEDDi could help to identify those patients.

Baseline population characteristics Total (131) LVEF > 35% at 24 months (88) LVEF ≤ 35% at 24 months (43) p Age (years) 53 ± 14 52 ± 14 54 ± 14 0.52 LVEF (%) 28.4 ± 5.6 29.2 ± 5.3 26.7 ± 5.8 0.02 LVEDDi (mm/m2) 34.9 ± 4.6 34.1 ± 4.7 36.5 ± 4.1 0.01 LVEDVi (ml/m2) 89.4 ± 34.2 83.7 ± 28.5 101.0 ± 41.5 0.01 RV dysfunction normalisation or persistence of normal RV function* 92 (84.4) 59 (84.3) 33 (84.6) 0.96 RFP disappearance* 115 (93.5) 80 (95.2) 35 (89.7) 0.25 MR improvement or persistence of mild/absent MR* 91 (72.2) 66 (78.6) 25 (59.5) 0.02 LVEF improvement* 30 (22.9) 21 (23.9) 9 (20.9) 0.7 LVEDDi reduction* 28 (23.7) 25 (32.1) 3 (7.5) 0.003 Values are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD. *Dynamic parameters are evaluated as change from enrollment to the 6-months evaluation. LVEDDi left ventricular end-diastolic diameter indexed; LVEDVi: left ventricular end diastolic volume indexed; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MR: mitral regurgitation; RFP: restrictive filling pattern; RV: right ventricular. Abstract Figure. Major outcome
Patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction: role of comorbidity
Authors: Efremova E , Shutov AM
Published: February 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: None.

Patients with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) are still a ‘grey area’ for clinical practice.

The aim of this study was to investigate comorbidity, quality of life and psychological status of patients with HFmrEF.

Materials and methods. One hundred and four patients patients with CHF (69 males and 35 females, mean age was 61.7 ± 9.6 years) were studied. CHF was defined according to ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure, 2016. Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) was calculated. Comorbidity was regarded as high at index ≥ 6 scores. Psychological state, cognitive functions, quality of life and adherence to treatment were estimated using MMPI, MMSE, SF-36 Health Status Survey, Four-Item Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale. Follow-up period was 12 months.

Results. Forty-six (44.2%) patients had HFmrEF, 58 (55.8%) - heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The Charlson comorbidity index did not differ depending on left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (5.4 ± 2.1 points for patients with HFmrEF and 4.8 ± 2.1 points for patients with HFpEF, resp., p = 0.1). LV mass index (LVMI) was more in patients HFmrEF with than in patients with HFpEF: 213.4 ± 57.7 and 176.6 ± 44.3 g/m2, resp., p = 0.009. Patients with HFmrEF had a higher functional class HF (the 6 Minute walk test - 307.4 ± 92.4 m for patients with HFmrEF and 339.0 ± 78.7 m for patients with HFpEF, p = 0.02). Twelve (11.5%) died during the 12-month follow-up. Mortality depending on LVEF did not differ. Patients with HFmrEF had lower indicators of quality of life on the physical scale: physical functioning (36.3 ± 14.2 and 48.1 ± 13.3 points resp. p = 0.006) and on the psychological health scale (33.4 ± 5.3 and 35.8 ± 6.7 points, resp.,p = 0.03) compared with patients with HFpEF. The full adherence to treatment for both groups of patients was low (30%) and did not differ. Patients with HFmrEF had a higher profile of depressive-hypochondriacal conditions, primitive and maladaptive psychological defense mechanisms compared with patients with HFpEF.

Conclusion. Patients with HFmrEF are characterized by more severe clinical course, lower quality of life and high frequency of depressive-hypochondriacal conditions, primitive and maladaptive psychological defense mechanisms in comparison with patients with HFpEF, which should be taken into account in the development of interdisciplinary approach to this category of patients.
Prognostic value of non-invasive coronary artery flow velocity assessment in elderly patients
Authors: Kalinina E , Zagatina A , Zhuravskaya N , Shmatov D
Published: February 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: None.

Background

There is a high prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the elderly population. However, symptoms of CAD are often non-specific. Dyspnoe, non-anginal pains are among the main symptoms in older patients. Exercise tests are of limited feasibility in these patients, due to neuro-muscular weakness, physical deconditioning, and orthopaedic limitations. Pharmacological tests often are contraindicated in a substantial percentage of elderly patients. Some recent studies indicate using local flow acceleration during routine echocardiography has prognostic potential for coronary artery assessments without stress testing. The aim of the study was to define the prognostic value of coronary artery ultrasound assessment in patients ≥75 years old.

Methods

This is a prospective cohort study. Patients ≥ 75 years old who underwent routine echocardiography with additional scans for coronary arteries over a period of 24 months were included in the study. The study group consisted of 80 patients aged 75-90 years (56 women; mean age 79 ± 4). Initial exams were performed for other reasons, primarily for arterial hypertension. Fifteen patients had known CAD. Death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and revascularization were defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACE). All patients were followed up with at a median of 32 months.

Results

There were 34 patients with high local velocities in the left coronary artery. Eight deaths, two non-fatal myocardial infarctions occurred, and 13 revascularizations were performed. With a ROC analysis, a coronary flow velocity >110 cm/s was the best predictor for risk of death (area under curve 0.84 [95% CI 0.74–0.92]; sensitivity 75%; specificity 88%). Only the maximal velocity in proximal left-sided coronary arteries was independently associated with death (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01; 1.05; p < 0.002), or death/MI (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01; 1.04; p < 0.0001). The cut-off value of 66 cm/s was a predictor of all MACE (area under curve 0.87 [95% CI 0.77–0.94]; sensitivity 80%; specificity 86%). Any causes of death or MI occurred more frequently in patients with velocities of >66 cm/s (27% vs. 2%; p < 0.002). The rates of MACE were 58.0% vs. 2%; p < 0.0000001, respectively.

Conclusion

The analysis of coronary flow in the left coronary artery during echocardiography can be used as a predictor of outcomes in elderly patients. Maximal velocities in proximal left-sided coronary arteries is independently associated with further death or myocardial infarction.
The predictive value of left atrial expansion index and left atrial contractile strain in younger hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Georgieva N , Kinova E , Borizanova - Petkova A , Krastev B , Goudev A
Published: February 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: None.

BACKGROUND

  Arterial hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent risk factor for Atrial fibrillation (AF) through structural and functional changes of the left atrium. Paroxysmal AF is mainly asymptomatic and silent forms in patients with HTN are associated with thromboembolic complications. However, prompt identification of HTN patients at risk for AF may be strategic for preventing purposes. 

PURPOSE

To assess sensitive and  predictive parameters for AF onset in HTN patients using two-dimensional (2D) conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography of the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). 

METHODS

A total of 165 consecutive patients were screened for participation in the study.  Only 80 patients met the inclusion criteria ( age below 60 years; with well controlled HTN or HTN with AF; without concomitant disease or other risk factors for AF).They were separated in two groups: 43 with HTN and 37 patients with AF and HTN. All patients underwent standard 2D echocardiography with volumetric and Speckle tracking analysis for assessment of: LV global longitudinal strain; LA total ( LATEF), passive ( LAPEF), active (LAAEF) emptying fractions; LA stiffness and expansion index; LA - reservoir (LASr), conduit (LAScd) and contractile (LASct) strain. 

RESULTS

There were statistically significant differences between patents with HTN and  HTN with AF group in: LASr (30.88 ± 3.99% vs. 27.89 ± 8.21 %, p= 0.049), LASct (-17.64 ± 2.04% vs. -14.4 ± 6.74 %, p= 0.007) and LA expansion index (122 ± 42% vs. 174 ± 115%; p = 0.014). There were no significant differences in other LV and LA structural and functional indices. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that  LASct ( B= - 0.043’ p= 0.001; 95%CI -0.063- -0.023) and expansion index (B= 0.023; p= 0.001, 95%CI 0.117- 0.349)  are independent predictors of AF in hypertensive patients. 

Conclusion

Preserved LA compliance and contractile function are essential for maintenance of sinus rhythm in younger HTN patients. These findings could be used for  prediction of cardiovascular events and preventing AF onset in younger hypertensive population with a huge social impact.
More exaggerated blood pressure morning surge is associated with more deteriorated cardiac function evaluated by 3-dimensional echocardiographic examination
Authors: Park CS
Published: February 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Korean Society of Hypertension

Background

We studied the association between the exaggerated morning blood pressure (BP) surge and cardiac function evaluated by 3-dimensional echocardiography in naïve hypertensive patient. 

Methods and results

We studied longitudinal, circumferential and principal strain as well as torsion in 163 naïve hypertensive patients in whom ambulatory BP monitoring was performed. The morning surge (MS) was calculated as mean systolic BP during the 2 hours after awakening minus mean systolic BP during 1 hour included the lowest sleep BP. Patients were divided into 2 groups (MS 25 percentile). There were no differences of left ventricular ejection fraction between the groups (MS: no MS, 62.0 ± 2.4: 62.2 ± 3.3, p = 0.807) but global longitudinal (MS: no MS, -21.2 ± 1.7: -22.0 ± 2.3, p = 0.072), circumferential (MS: no MS, -30.1 ± 2.0: -31.1 ± 2.7, p = 0.045), principal strain (MS: no MS, -33.9 ± 1.7: -35.5 ± 2.8, p < 0.001), twist(MS: no MS, 9.6 ± 6.1: 12.1 ± 4.8, p = 0.011) and torsion (MS: no MS, 1.23 ± 0.78: 1.49 ± 0.62, p = 0.042) were different between the groups. We also divided the groups into four according to the degree of morning surge and 4th quartile group showed more decreased cardiac functions.

Conclusion

Left ventricular mechanical parameters deteriorate from the very early stage of hypertension in the patients with morning surge. And it is more exaggerated in the higher morning blood pressure elevation group.

Abstract Figure.