bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“ANIMAIS PEÇONHENTOS”: UM RELATO DE CASO SOBRE UM PROJETO DE INTERVENÇÃO DE CIÊNCIAS REFERENTE AO DIA INTERNACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Freitas Thays Cristina Rodrigues Cangussu De , Oliveira Jonilson Dos Santos
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Sabe-se que animais peçonhentos possuem veneno e por isso, possuem condições naturais para injetá-la em seus predadores. Portanto, o conhecimento acerca desses animais permite aprimorar o seu manejo, bem como evitar acidentes e promover ainda a sensibilização das pessoas. Objetivo: Em comemoração ao dia 5 de junho (dia internacional do meio ambiente), objetivou-se com este projeto elucidar o conhecimento, mitos, manejo, segurança e educação ambiental sobre animais peçonhentos do Brasil com estudantes do ensino fundamental II (1º ao 9º ano). Material e métodos: Na primeira etapa do projeto, 3 palestras foram realizadas pela professora de Ciências. A 1º: sobre “A importância do reconhecimento das interferências negativas causadas pelo homem no meio em que ele vive”; A 2º: Sobre a “Preservação dos recursos naturais e dos animais silvestres”; e a 3º: Sobre “A importância do combate ao tráfico de animais e dos cuidados com animais peçonhentos”. Na segunda etapa, foi realizada uma aula prática com 2 convidados que são atualmente funcionários da FUNED (Fundação Ezequiel Dias) de Belo Horizonte - local de referência na pesquisa científica a partir de venenos de animais peçonhentos; Sendo reconhecida como um importante Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia do estado de Minas Gerais. Nesta aula, os convidados trouxeram animais vivos, e com eles demonstraram aos estudantes as características de cada grupo, a importância médica dos mesmos com enfoque nas principais serpentes do Brasil geralmente envolvidas em acidentes domésticos. Resultados: Cerca de 150 estudantes participaram das palestras e da atividade prática, sendo autorizado inclusive manejar e tirar fotos com serpentes não peçonhentas. Conclusão: Com esta iniciativa, foi possível ensinar aos participantes como as interferências causadas pelo homem em seu meio, tem afetado a vida dos animais e como informações sobre prevenção de acidentes se fazem importantes, visto que mais de 600.000 acidentes acontecem todos os anos no Brasil, inclusive com cerca de 1.000 casos evoluindo à óbito. Ensinar sobre a importância ecológica destas espécies, possibilitam a sua preservação e desta forma, valida-se a importância e a necessidade destes projetos escolares voltados ao meio ambiente e saúde pública para a informação e sensibilização dos participantes.
Dietary Silymarin (silybum marianum) to Improve The Health Status of Layer Chickens
Authors:   University of Baghdad Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Talib Abdulwahid Mushtaq , K. Alabbody Huda Hameed ,   University of Baghdad, 2 Market Research Center and Consumer Protection, Ali Rashid Hussein ,   Ministry of Agriculture, Veterinary Directorate, Diyala, Iraq.
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to evaluate silymarin material (SM) in reducing the damage in the body caused by residual aflatoxin as well as to improve the health status and quality of the produced eggs in laying hens which were fed on a contaminated diet with aflatoxin. The experiment was conducted on 120 layer chickens (ISA Brown” strain) aged 240-day were randomly divided into three equal groups (40 hens). The first group was fed a basal diet free of aflatoxin. The 2nd group fed on contaminated diet with aflatoxin (14.6 ppb) while the 3rd group fed on the same diet (in 2nd group) with 0.5% of silymarin/kg feed. Ten hens from each group were slaughtered at the end of the experiment for the histopathological examination to evaluate the harmful effect of aflatoxin in tissues (liver, spleen and intestine) as well as, estimated the production and quality of the produced eggs during experiment study. Abnormal visible symptoms observed on 2nd group include decreased in feed intake and body weight, as well as, in some there was abnormal pigmentation (comb and wattles). The most frequent effects on eggs were poor egg quality as decreased egg production, reduced egg size, thin or rough egg shell. The most common pathological lesions associated with aflatoxin residue in chickens were found in liver, spleen and intestine organs. In advanced cases, these organs become enlarged, swollen and changed colour into yellowish. While in the 3rd group, the macroscopic examination of the same organs was less pronounced and almost invisible. We conclude that silymarin has a significant effect and is highly effective in repairing the damage caused by aflatoxin to the body tissues of laying hens. The production in terms of the quantity and quality of eggs was not affected as well as, improving the health status.
An Empirical Study on Citizen Perception, and Satisfaction Towards Ayushman Bharat Yojna (PM-JAY)
Authors:   Scholar, Invertis University, Bareilly & Asst. Professor, Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management and Technology Bareilly, India., Kumar Saxena Nitesh , Chattopadhyay Dr. Shubho ,   Associate Professor, Invertis University, Bareilly., Ravendra Singh Dr. ,   Head of the Department (CS), MJPRU, Bareilly.
Published: June 2021

Good health service is the right of every citizen in India. But due to being expensive, the poor used to stay away from it. India, the world’s largest democracy and sixth-biggest economy, has been steadily humanizing its health services for the last few years. On 1- Feb-2018, the central government launched a health protection scheme named “Ayushman Bharat Yojna” by hon’ble prime minister Mr. Narendra Modi. In this scheme, approximately 10 corers of poor families are availing the free health service up to 5 lakhs rupees per annum per family. The objective of this research paper is to find the awareness, perception, and satiation of the citizens who are availing of this service. The success of this scheme depends on how many people can take advantage of this scheme and it is possible only through monitoring.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Menulis Wacana Deskripsi Melalui Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri di SMA Negeri 3 Soppeng
Authors: Irmayanti Irmayanti
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan menulis wacana deskripsi siswa kelas X.3 SMA Negeri 3 Soppeng setelah guru menerapkan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kompetensi menulis wacana deskripsi siswa kelas X.3 SMA Negeri 3 Soppeng dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri. Dalam penelitian ini, sampel yang diambil adalah siswa kelas X.3 yang berjumlah 36 orang. Tindakan yang diberikan pada siswa yaitu pada siklus I merupakan upaya peningkatan kemampuan menulis wacana deskripsi dan siklus II adalah tindakan berupa perbaikan terhadap kekurangan yang dialami pada siklus I. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan memberikan tes kepada siswa pada setiap siklus dan observasi yang dilakukan pada saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Dalam hal teknik menganalisis data, data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan sistem komputerisasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengamatan serta analisis deskriptif dari hasil tes adalah nilai rata-rata tingkat kemampuan menulis wacana deskripsi siswa kelas X.3 SMA Negeri 3 Soppeng setelah guru menerapkan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 6,16 dengan standar deviasi 1,23 dari nilai ideal 10 yang berada pada kategori rendah. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 7,25 dengan standar deviasi 0,99 dari nilai ideal 10 yang berada pada kategori tingkat kemampuan tinggi. Dari hasil analisis di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan menulis wacana deskripsi siswa kelas X.3 SMA Negeri 3 Soppeng mengalami peningkatan setelah guru menerapkan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri.
The Effect of the Covid 19 Virus and Online Learning on English Subjects in Elementary Schools
Authors: Prasetyo Dhaniel , Rudini Rudini , Prayogi Ryan , Rahmawati Ilham , Syah Putra Arman
Published: June 2021

Elementary school is a medium used by the government to provide proper education for its people. With the existence of an elementary school, the community through education with various kinds of subjects that can be used as a basis so that the Indonesian nation can develop in the future with 6 years of compulsory education and 9 years of compulsory education Indonesia is good enough and illiteracy has begun to be eliminated by the existence of compulsory education, therefore a good education is education that can cover all corners of Indonesia and can be felt by all Indonesian people so that the Indonesian nation can become an advanced nation with education as the spearhead from Indonesia. Quantitative research is the method used in this study by emphasizing survey tools conducted to 100 people who were randomly selected in order to get very accurate data and real data in the field. Therefore, by using this method, the research can be continued so that it can find answers of the research problem raised. The variables studied in schools during the pandemic are online learning systems, offline learning systems and many more variables studied by researchers so they can find out which variables can affect the teaching and learning system in Indonesia, especially in the teaching and learning system in Indonesia. Elementary schools with these variables will be able to develop which things are good and which things are bad can be reduced. In this study will produce a data that has been processed on a system that uses SPSS tools. Therefore, with the processing of these data, it can be seen which variables affect elementary schools.
The Influence of Price, Quality and Model on Clothing Sales Levels with E-Commerce Media
Authors: Syah Putra Arman , Amandin Amandin , Fauziyah Lamaya Fauziyah Lamaya , Resista Vikaliana Resista Vikaliana , Nurul Aisyah Nurul Aisyah
Published: June 2021

The background of this research will find out how the price, quality and model can affect the level of clothing sales using e-commerce media using predetermined variables, it will be known whether these variables can affect sales levels using e-commerce media. The method used in this study is to use quantitative methods which will use survey tools and SPSS software to process data. After the data is obtained through surveys, the data will be processed through SPSS software so that it can produce accurate and measurable data. There are several studies related to increasing sales. Therefore, with the existing research base, variables that can affect sales levels will be developed because these variables can be used as a basis for research and developed to improve sales levels. In this study will produce a data that can find out what variables can affect the level of sales, especially with e-commerce media. e-commerce media is a media that is on the rise because during the pandemic, sellers and buyers cannot meet in person due to distance restrictions due to that with the pandemic, many marketplaces have sprung up so that e-commerce media is the right medium at this time.
Education Marginalization Of Bajo Children Based On Local Wisdom
Authors: Maemunah Maemunah , Haniah St. , Mukramin Sam'un
Published: June 2021

Empowerment of education in a society that has limitations in all aspects, becomes a separate obstacle in efforts to eradicate the marginalization of education. This is one of the educational chaotics which is still experiencing fluctuations in the implementation of central policies which are regulated centrally and unilaterally without considering the local wisdom of each different region and resulting in a slump in the education of the Bajo Tribe children. This study uses descriptive qualitative with a case study approach of nine informants with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation and then analyzed. Strategies for alleviating the Marginalization of Education for Bajo Tribe children in North Kolaka Regency, namely: a) an effort to internalize the values ​​believed by the community itself; b) empowerment through education based on local wisdom which includes: parental awareness of education, partisanship with government policies, and utilization of the environment for education.
Embodying The Meaning Of The Guardian Of The Constitution In The Role Of The Constitutional Court Of Reducing Constitutions Indicated By Policy Corruption
Authors: Suharno Suharno , Junaidi Amir , Aziz Zaelani Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Purpose of this study was to answer two problems: (i) how is the guardian of the constitution embodied through the function of the Constitutional Court; and (ii) how the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution reduces constitutions that are indicated by the policy corruption. Policy corruption is an invisible and covert element that able to threaten the synergy of the legal system and the public interest. The form of policy corruption is realized in the form of a law. Efforts that can be made to reduce the policy corruption are to implement the tight control over the media, which in this case is relevant to the function of the Constitutional Court. This studywas classified as doctrinal research with primary and secondary legal materials. Comparative approach and case approach were used to answer the legal issues. The results showed that: First, the guardian of the constitution through the function of the Constitutional Court through the optimization of the Constitutional Court Judges as the agent of constitution, strengthening the execution of the Constitutional Court decisions and collaborative steps with other state institutions in enforcing the constitutional guardianship. Second, the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution in reducing laws indicated by the policy corruption is manifested in the form of a Constitutional Court decision that can be retroactive to recover the impact of legal losses that are indicated by the policy corruption, the decision of Constitutional Courtis justified by ultra vires to anticipate the chain of constitutions that indications of policy corruption, the decision of Constitutional Courtis strengthened in terms of its execution and the Court can examine or test the Constitution Drafting (bill/ RUU) (a priori review) as a preventive measure to prevent the enactment of laws that indicate policy corruption.
Palliative sedation (PS) given to patients treated at the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá.
Authors: Lombana Quiñónez Milton Alberto , Santacruz Juan G. , Pino Luis , Camacho María I. , Acevedo Andrés , Buendía María J. , Zamora Ivonne , Torres Ana , Méndez Catalina , Cardona Zorrilla Andrés Felipe
Published: June 2021

Background. Around 50% of advanced-stage cancer patients have inadequate control of symptoms during the final period of life; palliative sedation (PS) would seem to be appropriate in such scenario.
İnşaat Projelerinin Yapımında Risk Yönetim Süreci
Authors: KÖMÜRLÜ Rüveyda , GÜZELAY Eda
Published: June 2021

İnşaat sektöründeki firmalar içinde bulundukları projenin kapsamına, büyüklüğüne, karmaşıklığına, gerçekleştirildiği ortama bağlı olarak her projede farklı risklerle kaşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu riskler işin istenen sürede, kalitede ve bütçede tamamlanmaması gibi projelerin ana hedeflerini doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak etkilemektedir. Riskleri sıfıra indirmek mümkün değildir ancak gerçekleşme ihtimali yüksek olan riskler meydana geldiğinde etkisi azaltılmalı veya kontrol altında tutulmalıdır. Risk yönetimi, riskin tanımlanması, risk değerlendirmesi, riski yönetmek için stratejiler geliştirme ve yönetimsel kaynakları kullanarak riskin azaltılması sürecinin tamamını kapsayan bir yönetim şeklidir. Risk yönetiminin amacı, önceden seçilmiş bir alanla ilgili farklı riskleri en azından kabul edilebilir bir seviyeye düşürmektir. Risk yönetimi benimsenerek, inşaat projelerinde tasarruf potansiyelleri gerçekleştirilebilir. Dolayısıyla, başta proje yöneticileri olmak üzere projedeki tüm paydaşların risk yönetimi sürecine katılması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışma kapsamında risk ve belirsizlik kavramları incelenerek risk, risk yönetimi, risk yönetim süreci arasındaki ilişki ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra risk yönetiminin planlanması, riskin tanımlanması, risk analizi, risk yanıtı değerlendirmesi, risk izlenmesi-kontrolü aşamalarından oluşan risk yönetim süreci incelenerek inşaat projeleri yönetimindeki yararları ortaya konmuştur.
The Effect of The Socio-Economic Characteristics of European States on HSR Fares: Existing Patterns for Rail Baltica
Authors: PITERINA Olga
Published: June 2021

Rail Baltica (RB) is the first joint railway project between Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The economic assessment of the project is rather controversial due to the uncertainty of the revenue side of the project, which, among other things, significantly depends on the level of fare for passenger transportation along the new railway corridor.
FROM THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN AFTER THE CIVIL WAR (1920-1924)
Authors:   Director of the Institute of history and law, candidate of historical sciences ,professor of Abay KazNPU, Zhumagulov B.S.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes a new view of the history of economic development of Kazakhstan after the civil war. The purpose of the work is to identify problems, analyze the implementation of the social and economic policy of Soviet power. In this article, there are new transformations in the political, economic and social life of Kazakhstan and the difficulties in its implementation. The ongoing work on restoration of peaceful life, destroyed economy and economy in Kazakhstan is indicated. The reasons for the decline in economic life, destruction, poverty and hunger in Kazakhstan are indicated. As a result of hunger, cold and the accompanying diseases, the demographic situation in the nomadic and semi-nomadic regions of the republic deteriorated – the population of the rural population in many provinces decreased to 1/3, more than 700 000 people left Kazakhstan.
ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN ZHETYSU REGION (LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES)
Authors:   Associate Professor of al-Farabi KazNU, Candidate of History, Almaty, Dzholdybaeva U.M. , Abikenova K.E. ,   Associate Professor of al-Farabi KazNU, Candidate of History, Almaty
Published: June 2021

The article considers the issue of organization of educational institutions in the Semirechye region. nformation on Russians and other migrants who have moved to the region is given regarding the increase in the population with their resettlement. In this regard, the settlers were told about the educational institutions organized by the Tsarist Russia. In the region, the state of organized educational institutions is noted, in which questions are identified regarding the social composition of people who is studying.
COURSE ON «SOVIET IDENTITY»: TO THE PROBLEMS ABOUT HISTORY TEXTBOOKS
Authors:   Candidate of Historical Sciences and Associate Professor of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Nurman Sh.
Published: June 2021

In the article, the author considers the problem of development of history textbooks in the Soviet period, in particular, the situation in 1920-1930 on the basis of materials of historiography and decrees of the Soviet authorities. The author identifies and substantiates the intricacies of the formation of uniform Soviet identity in history textbooks, which dates back to the years of Soviet rule in Kazakhstan. Thus, analyses relevant cases from Kazakhstan. Moreover, the contribution of Kazakhstani public figures and scientists of the early twentieth century in the development of textbooks and programs on domestic history is investigated. The article discusses the changes in Soviet historical science in the 1930s. It is concluded that the formation of the Soviet historical concept had an impact on national history.
THE PROCESS OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY SPECIALISTS IN KAZAKHSTAN AFTER THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (1946-1960)
Authors:   candidate of historical sciences, senior teacher of Department of world history, historiography and source study, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University ,Almaty, Kazakhstan, Assanova B.S.
Published: June 2021

In the postwar period, the library staff played an important role in the restoration of the national economy and the development of virgin and fallow lands in the Republic. They aсtively assisted the party and the Soviet government in political and ideological work, provided services for citizens in the cultural and educational sphere. Undoubtedly, these years had a direct impact on the continuous cultural growth of the population in enhancing employability and rising of socio-political activity. The article comprehensively examines the level of young specialist staffing in libraries in the post-war years (1946-1960), the ways and development of training library personnel and its professional development efficiency and the opening and activities of educational institutions for librarians. In this regard, archival and other materials on this topic are analyzed and reviewed. Also, the ideological policy of the party and state institutions for the training of employees of political and educational fields are examined. Overall, the Soviet bodies played a significant role in the formation and education of library professionals despite of some shortages in this sphere.
FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SHAPING THE IMAGE STRATEGY OF SOUTH KOREA
Authors:   candidate of political Sciences, professor of Kazakh Ablai khan university of international Relations and world languages Almaty, Kazakhstan, Baissultanova K. , Kaldybai А. ,   Master of the specialty "Oriental Studies" of Kazakh Ablai khan university of international Relations and world languages Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to identifying the features of the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in the formation of the international image of South Korea. The authors argue that information communication has had a positive effect on enhancing the image of the Republic of Korea throughout the world. They analyzed the role of ICT and key factors in its use in shaping the image strategy of South Korea. They also tried to reveal the conceptual and ideological foundations of the image strategy of South Korea, analyzing such concepts as “information policy”, “information technology”, and “image”.
PRECONDITIONS FOR THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF SPIRITUAL MODERNIZATION
Authors:   candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of the Department of World History, Kazakh National Pedagogical University Abay, Ermukanov E.N. , Suteeva H.A. ,   Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of World History, Kazakh National Pedagogical University Abay
Published: June 2021

The article raises the problems of the nation's competitiveness in the framework of the modernization of spiritual education. In order for a person and the entire nation to be competitive, it is necessary to know digital technologies, foreign languages, and adhere to cultural and interfaith harmony. In this direction, an analysis of the activities carried out in the country is being carried out. The work carried out with a view to becoming one of the most competitive countries will be widely differentiated.
ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЕ СПОРЫ КИТАЯ В ЮЖНО-КИТАЙСКОМ МОРЕ
Authors:   PhD student, Eurasian National University named after L.N.Gumilyova, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Ibragimova A.T. , Wu Chuke ,   Professor, School of Sociology and Ethnology, Ming Zu University, Beijing, China
Published: June 2021

For decades, Beijing has been arguing with several countries of the Asia-Pacific region over the territorial ownership of a number of islands in the South China Sea, on the shelf of which significant hydrocarbon reserves were discovered. We are talking primarily about the Sisha archipelago (Paraselsky Islands), the Nansha (Spratly) and Huangyan (Scarborough Reef) islands. Vietnam, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines are involved in this debate to one degree or another. The United States is not a party to the dispute, but it does not recognize the claims of China and insists on its right to “free shipping” in the region.
A ROLE OF THE SILK WAY IN DEVELOPING THE CITY OF SARAYSHYK
Authors:   Candidate of historical science, associated professor of M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan state university, Oral city, Kazakhstan, Boranbayeva B.S. , Tulentayeva K.A. ,   Candidate of historical science, associated professor of al-FarabiKazakhNationaluniversity, Almaty city, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The Great Silk Road was a network of caravan routes which connected the East and West in the ancient and medieval times. In this article the impact of the Silk Road on the development of trade and the growth of cities in the Kazakh territory has been given as an example of Saraishyk city located on the Zhaiyk river. To examine one of the oldest cities of Desht-I Kipchak, Saraishyk and its emergence, prosperity, rise and fall would be a great contribution to the research of the old cities of Kazakhstan. Therefore, the author makes some statements relying on the works of scholars and archeologists such as N. Arzuytov, E. Ageeva, A. Margulan and others who conducted archeological excavations on Saraishyk city. The role of the Great Silk Road in the prosperity of Saraishyk city as a cultural, administrative and
ECONOMIC AND HOUSEHOLD ARRANGEMENT OF SPECIAL SETTLERS-CHECHENS IN ZYRYANOVSKY DISTRICT OF EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   master of History,S.Amanzholov East Kazakhstan State University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Ust-Kamenogorsk, akasbekova2008@mail.ru, Kazbekova А.Т.
Published: June 2021

The article is based on the analysis of archival documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time and examines the process of economic and labor settlement of special settlers-Chechens who were subjected to repeated internal resettlement in the Zyryanovsky district (now the Altai district) East Kazakhstan region in the first years of settlement. Тhe study identified the main problems faced by special settlers-Chechens in the Zyryanov district. Social and living conditions of special settlers were reconstructed. Housing conditions, medical care and everyday life are considered. On the basis of the studied materials, the attitude of special settlers to new living conditions and the host society to the special component is shown. The author, relying on archival materials, comes to the conclusion that repeated internal migrations of special settlers-Chechens did not solve social problems.
EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION OF CHINESE STUDENTS: CORONAVIRUS FACTOR
Authors:   PhD, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Abzhapparova А.А.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the dynamics of educational migration of Chinese students and the impact of the threat of the spread of "coronavirus" on student migration from China. China is one of the leading countries that send students to study abroad. By the end of the last decade, the number of Chinese students abroad had become the largest group of international students in the world. The deadly coronavirus outbreak has had a major impact on international student mobility. Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Singapore were among the countries that have banned entry for foreigners leaving China since the beginning of February 2020, while thousands of Chinese students have returned to China. The article is written within the framework of the scientific project of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Educational migration from Kazakhstan: factors, trends and socio-political consequences"
INFLUENCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN THE ASPECT OF THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDOR «WESTERN EUROPE-WESTERN CHINA» ON KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   PhD student Department of regional studies, faculty of International relations,L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian national University,Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, gulnarabirimkulova2014@yandex.ru, Birimkulova G.U.
Published: June 2021

The article considers the role and significance of the project "Western Europe and Western China" between the countries of the European Union and the people's Republic of China in the development of regions of Kazakhstan. In addition, the author focused on the project, where several years ago Kazakhstan began actively discussing the option of turning from China to Western European countries into one of the most important international transport and transit hubs along the roads. At the same time, reference was made to the ancient history that Chinese goods along the silk road were delivered by caravans to Russia and European countries. Analyzed the impact of the relations between the European Union and China on the Republic of Kazakhstan in the framework of the project "Western Europe and Western China".
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ABOUT CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES IN THE CHINESE NEWSPAPER “PEOPLE'S DAILY”
Authors:   Assistant Professor of the Department of Teleradio and Public Relations of the Faculty of Journalism and Political Science, Ph.D, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Ibraуeva E.E. , Katira A. ,   1styear Master student of the Department of Teleradio and Public Relations, Faculty of Journalism and Political Science, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baigozhina D.O. ,   3rd-year Doctoral student of the Department of Teleradio and Public Relations of the Facultyof Journalism and Political Science, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Duisengazy S.M ,   Head of the Department of Teleradio and Public Relations of the Faculty of Journalism and Political science, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Assistant Professor, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The information of the “People's daily” newspaper about the countries of Central Asia is becoming more influential every year, and most often broadcasts international news. One of them is the sustainable development strategy of the Chinese side "One Belt - One Way," launched in 2013 and the publication "COVID - 19" about the global viral epidemic. At the same time, an important place is occupied by the fact that the countries of Central Asia pay special attention to each other’s politics, economy and culture, and information policy. As a way to improve the foreign policy relations of Kazakhstan and regulate the strategy of foreign policy relations, an analysis of information about the countries of Central Asia was carried out in the newspaper “People's daily”, it is important to study the relevance of the news of the representative of the Chinese media from the point of view of macro.
FORMATION OF ASSOCIATIONS OF THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors:   PhD Associated Professor of theKazakh National Women`s Teacher Training University,Kazakhstan,Almaty,е-mail:aigulsmanova@mail.ru, Smanova А.М.
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the history of the formation of a regional community based on the national economy in Southeast Asia in the 60s of the twentieth century. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, established at that time, was the result of their political and economic ties. The article analyzes the mutual economic, social and political processes of this community, as well as in the field of education. For example, after the war, the countries that gained independence began to unite in political associations and organizations: the Asian Production Commission, the Asian Development Bank, the Asian Economic Development Organization, and others. After that, these organizations rose to the regional level. Their main goal is to develop cooperation in the field of science, education and culture in the region.
ISSUES OF FOOD SUPPLY OF THE POPULATION OF KAZAKHSTAN IN 1920-1930 yy.
Authors:   candidate of historical sciences, acting associate professor, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Zhenis Avenue, 62 ,Nur-Sultan, 010011, Kazakhstan,guliktim@mail.ru, Zhuman G. , Dzhumalieva L. T. ,   candidate of historical sciences, acting assistant professor, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Zhenis Avenue 62,Nur-Sultan, 010011, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of food supply for the population of Kazakhstan in 1920-1930. The author gives a generalized description of the problems associated with the shortage of consumer goods. Considerable attention is paid to the main reasons that influenced the low degree of satisfaction of the needs of the population. Based on a wide range of sources, social changes in the behavior of Sharua peasants in the context of an aggravated food problem are shown. As a result, it was determined that the export of raw materials, food, income from agriculture, which were the main sources of financing for industrialization, led not only to an aggravation of the crisis situation in agriculture, but, as a result, to massive famine.
ALEXANDER MAKEDONSKY'S TRAVEL AGAINST SACKS AND CONFRONTATION OF THE INDIGENOUS POPULATION
Authors:   Ph.D., Associate Professor of Taraz Regional University named after M.H. Dulati,Taraz, Kazakhstan, Jursunbaev B.A. , Zhubanyshov B.T. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

As a result of the military reforms of Philip in the IV century BC. The Macedonian kingdom has become a powerful strong state. Subsequently, these legacies, Alexander the Great, in order to achieve world hegemony, received the opportunity of a devastating victory over the strong Persian Empire. In all these battles against the hegemony of Alexander the Great, the Saks participated as allies of the Persians. However, despite the high fighting spirit of the Saks, due to the weakness of Darius III, the Greco-Macedonian army won. Developing military achievements and success, the army of Alexander the Great invaded the Saka possessions. This article tells on the basis of sources about the struggle for freedom of the Saks in opposition to Alexander the Great. The battle of the Saks led by Spitamen with the troops of Alexander the Great is especially thoroughly analyzed.
Disparities in particulate matter (PM10) origins and oxidative potential at a city scale (Grenoble, France) – Part 2: Sources of PM10 oxidative potential using multiple linear regression analysis and the predictive applicability of multilayer perceptron neural network analysis
Authors: Borlaza Lucille Joanna S. , Weber Samuël , Jaffrezo Jean-Luc , Houdier Stephan , Slama Rémy , Rieux Camille , Albinet Alexandre , Micallef Steve , Trébluchon Cécile , Uzu Gaëlle
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) measures PM capability to potentially cause anti-oxidant imbalance. Due to the wide range and complex mixture of species in particulates, little is known about the pollution sources most strongly contributing to OP. A 1-year sampling of PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter below 10) was performed over different sites in a medium-sized city (Grenoble, France). An enhanced fine-scale apportionment of PM10 sources, based on the chemical composition, was performed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method and reported in a companion paper (Borlaza et al., 2020). OP was assessed as the ability of PM10 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) using three different acellular assays: dithiothreitol (DTT), ascorbic acid (AA), and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) assays. Using multiple linear regression (MLR), the OP contributions of the sources identified by PMF were estimated. Conversely, since atmospheric processes are usually non-linear in nature, artificial neural network (ANN) techniques, which employ non-linear models, could further improve estimates. Hence, the multilayer perceptron analysis (MLP), an ANN-based model, was additionally used to model OP based on PMF-resolved sources as well. This study presents the spatiotemporal variabilities of OP activity with influences by season-specific sources, site typology and specific local features, and assay sensitivity. Overall, both MLR and MLP effectively captured the evolution of OP. The primary traffic and biomass burning sources were the strongest drivers of OP in the Grenoble basin. There is also a clear redistribution of source-specific impacts when using OP instead of mass concentration, underlining the importance of PM redox activity for the identification of potential sources of PM toxicity. Finally, the MLP generally offered improvements in OP prediction, especially for sites where synergistic and/or antagonistic effects between sources are prominent, supporting the value of using ANN-based models to account for the non-linear dynamics behind the atmospheric processes affecting OP of PM10.
Tropospheric and stratospheric wildfire smoke profiling with lidar: mass, surface area, CCN, and INP retrieval
Authors: Ansmann Albert , Ohneiser Kevin , Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , Knopf Daniel A. , Veselovskii Igor , Baars Holger , Engelmann Ronny , Foth Andreas , Jimenez Cristofer , Seifert Patric , Barja Boris
Published: June 2021

Abstract. We present retrievals of tropospheric and stratospheric height profiles of particle mass, volume, surface area, and number concentrations in the case of wildfire smoke layers as well as estimates of smoke-related cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations from backscatter lidar measurements on the ground and in space. Conversion factors used to convert the optical measurements into microphysical properties play a central role in the data analysis, in addition to estimates of the smoke extinction-to-backscatter ratios required to obtain smoke extinction coefficients. The set of needed conversion parameters for wildfire smoke is derived from AERONET observations of major smoke events, e.g., in western Canada in August 2017, California in September 2020, and southeastern Australia in January–February 2020 as well as from AERONET long-term observations of smoke in the Amazon region, southern Africa, and Southeast Asia. The new smoke analysis scheme is applied to CALIPSO observations of tropospheric smoke plumes over the United States in September 2020 and to ground-based lidar observation in Punta Arenas, in southern Chile, in aged Australian smoke layers in the stratosphere in January 2020. These case studies show the potential of spaceborne and ground-based lidars to document large-scale and long-lasting wildfire smoke events in detail and thus to provide valuable information for climate, cloud, and air chemistry modeling efforts performed to investigate the role of wildfire smoke in the atmospheric system.
Instabilities, Dynamics, and Energetics accompanying Atmospheric Layering (IDEAL) Campaign: High-Resolution in situ Observations above the Nocturnal Boundary Layer
Authors: Doddi Abhiram , Lawrence Dale , Fritts David , Wang Ling , Lund Thomas , Brown William , Zajic Dragan , Kantha Lakshmi
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The Instabilities, Dynamics, and Energetics accompanying Atmospheric Layering (IDEAL) project was conceived to improve our understanding of the dynamics of sheet and layer (S&L) structures in the lower troposphere under strongly stable conditions. The approach employed a synergistic combination of targeted multi-point observations using small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) guiding direct numerical simulation (DNS) modeling to characterize the dynamics driving the S&L structures and associated flow features. The IDEAL research program consisted of two phases. The first was an observational field campaign to systematically probe stable lower atmosphere conditions using multiple DataHawk-2 (DH2) sUAS. Coordinated, simultaneous multi-DH2 flights were guided by concurrent Integrated Sounding System (ISS) wind profiler radar and radiosonde soundings performed by NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL) participants. Additional sUAS flight guidance was obtained from real-time sUAS measurements. Following the field campaign, the second phase focused on high-resolution DNS modeling efforts guided by in-situ observations made during the first phase. This overview focuses on the details of the observational phase that took place from 24 October to 15 November 2017 at Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), Utah. A total of 72 DH2 flights coordinated with 93 balloon-borne radiosondes were deployed in support of the IDEAL field campaign. Our discussion addresses the average atmospheric conditions, the observation strategy, and the objectives of the field campaign. Also presented are representative flight sorties and sUAS environmental and turbulence measurements.
Effect of nitrogen limitation and soil processes on mid–Holocene greening of the Sahara
Authors: Lee Jooyeop , Claussen Martin , Kim Jeongwon , Hong Je-Woo , Song In-Sun , Hong Jinkyu
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The so–called Green Sahara (GS), wet and vegetative Sahara region in the mid–Holocene, provides useful information on our climate simulation because it is consequence of complex interaction between biophysical and climatic processes. It is still a challenge to simulate the GS in terms of vegetative extent and precipitation using the current climate models. This study attempts to simulate the Green Sahara by using the state–of–the–art earth system model CESM that incorporates the nitrogen cycle and the soil–albedo–precipitation feedback. Our study focuses on the impact of soil biophysical properties and soil nitrogen on the simulation of the GS. With changes in the Earth’s orbit and dust in the mid–Holocene, the model simulates increased precipitation in North Africa, but does not capture the extent of the GS. Further analysis shows that the mid–Holocene greening is simulated better if the amount of soil nitrogen and soil texture are properly modified during the GS period through their influence on photosynthesis and surface albedo and their consequent enhanced albedo– and evapotranspiration–precipitation feedbacks. Our findings suggest that future climate simulation needs to consider consequent changes in soil nitrogen and texture with changes in vegetation cover and density for proper climate simulations.
Cosmogenic nuclide exposure age scatter in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica records Pleistocene glacial history and processes
Authors: Christ Andrew J. , Bierman Paul R. , Lamp Jennifer L. , Schaefer Joerg M. , Winckler Gisela
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The preservation of cosmogenic nuclides that accumulated during periods of prior exposure but were not subsequently removed by erosion or radioactive decay, complicates interpretation of exposure, erosion, and burial ages used for a variety of geomorphological applications. In glacial settings, cold-based, non-erosive glacier ice may fail to remove inventories of inherited nuclides in glacially transported material. As a result, individual exposure ages can vary widely across a single landform (e.g. moraine) and exceed the expected or true depositional age. The surface processes that contribute to inheritance remain poorly understood, thus limiting interpretations of cosmogenic nuclide datasets in glacial environments. Here, we present a compilation of new and previously published exposure ages of multiple lithologies in local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and older Pleistocene glacial sediments in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Unlike most Antarctic exposure chronologies, we are able to compare exposure ages of local LGM sediments directly against an independent radiocarbon chronology of fossil algae from the same sedimentary unit that brackets the age of the local LGM between 12.3 and 19.6 ka. Cosmogenic exposure ages vary by lithology, suggesting that bedrock source and surface processes prior to, during, and after glacial entrainment explain scatter. 10Be exposure ages of quartz in granite, sourced from the base of the stratigraphic section in the Transantarctic Mountains, are scattered but young, suggesting that clasts entrained by sub-glacial plucking can generate reasonable apparent exposure ages. 3He exposure ages of pyroxene in Ferrar Dolerite, which outcrops above outlet glaciers in the Transantarctic Mountains, are older, which suggests that clasts initially exposed on cliff faces and glacially entrained by rock fall carry inherited nuclides. 3He exposure ages of olivine in basalt from local volcanic bedrock in McMurdo Sound contain many excessively old ages, but also have a bimodal distribution with peak probabilities that slightly pre-date and post-date the local LGM; this suggests that glacial clasts from local bedrock record local landscape exposure. With the magnitude and geological processes contributing to age scatter in mind, we examine exposure ages of older glacial deposits and suggest that the most extensive Pleistocene ice sheet inundated McMurdo Sound during Marine Isotope Stage 8. These results underscore how surface processes operating in the Transantarctic Mountains are expressed in the cosmogenic nuclide inventories held in Antarctic glacial sediments.
LoopStructural 1.0: time-aware geological modelling
Authors: Grose Lachlan , Ailleres Laurent , Laurent Gautier , Jessell Mark
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In this contribution we introduce LoopStructural, a new open-source 3D
geological modelling Python package (http://www.github.com/Loop3d/LoopStructural, last access: 15 June 2021).
LoopStructural provides a generic API for 3D geological modelling applications harnessing
the core Python scientific libraries pandas, numpy and scipy. Six different interpolation
algorithms, including three discrete interpolators and 3 polynomial trend
interpolators, can be used from the same model design. This means that
different interpolation algorithms can be mixed and matched within a
geological model allowing for different geological objects, e.g. different
conformable foliations, fault surfaces and unconformities to be modelled using
different algorithms. Geological features are incorporated into the model
using a time-aware approach, where the most recent features are modelled
first and used to constrain the geometries of the older features. For
example, we use a fault frame for characterising the geometry of the fault
surface and apply each fault sequentially to the faulted surfaces. In this
contribution we use LoopStructural to produce synthetic proof of concepts models and a
86 km × 52 km model of the Flinders Ranges in South Australia using map2loop.