bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Death at Hajj Qadir al-Koyi
Authors: Ismahil Mudhafar M.
Published: May 2024

The phenomenon of death has always been a major question and subject of human interest, and therefore man tried in various ways to achieve immortality, and when he knew that he could not accomplish that, he resorted to philosophy and private opinions to comfort him and adapt to that. Of course, some of this is reflected in the context of religions and religious beliefs, and this is perhaps the most obvious kind of a death point of view. Through the importance of death and its impact on human thought, opinion, and action, as well as the fact that Haji Qadri Koyi was a religious man in his time, we conducted this research to show what death is from his point of view. This study attempts to explain what death is and provide different perspectives. And to answer these questions: Is death the end of life? Or is it the beginning of another life? What are the forms of death? Does someone's death end everything? What are the types of death? What was Haji Kadri Koy's view of death as a thinker, poet, and writer, and how did he describe it in his poems? This research, which was conducted using the descriptive analytical method, is divided into two main parts. In the first  part, an attempt was made to explain the concept of death and the different views on death. In the second part, which is a practical part, we present examples of poems in which the poet talks about death and presents his views on it. In the end, we came to several conclusions, Haji says, people can continue to live after death because of their actions. Then we listed the sources and wrote a summary of the research in both Arabic and English.
الأبادة الجماعية وتاثيراتها على المراة الفيلية
Authors: Fattah Media I.
Published: May 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى معرفة الآثار النفسية والأجتماعية للأبادة الجماعية والتهجير القسري على المرأة الفيلية في مراحل قبل وأثناء وبعد الجريمة، ولغرض تحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج الكيفي الى جانب المقابلة كأداة لجمع البيانات، حيث قامت الباحثة بأجراء دراسة أستطلاعية عن طريق أجراء مقابلات مفتوحة مع عدد من الكتاب والصحفيين ذوي الخبرة والمعلومات المعمقة حول قضية الكورد الفيلين والأبادة الجماعية والتهجير القسري، الى جانب مقابلات شبه مقننة مع (14) أمرأة من النساء الفيليات اللائي عاصرن جريمة الأبادة الجماعية وتعرضن وذويهم للتهجير القسري. توزعت العينة على مناطق مختلفة في أقليم كوردستان والعراق والخارج (أربيل، بغداد، بريطانيا، خانقين، سوران). وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن المراة الفيلية عانت الكثير من المآسي والمعاناة والضغوط النفسية والأسرية والأجتماعية والأقتصادية والتي أدت الى أمراض جسدية مزمنة ذات جذور نفسية وأضطرابات  نفسية كالقلق والشك وعدم الثقة في الآخرين ودرجات مختلفة من الأكتئاب المزمن المصاحب لنوبات من الخوف والهلع والفزع عند أستذكار الظروف القاسية للجريمة. أضافة الى أزمة الهوية الذاتية والأجتماعية الى جانب متلازمة النوستالجيا أو الحنين الى الماضي. الا أن قوة الشخصية والأرادة التي تتمتع بها جعلتها تخوض صراع البقاء والدفاع عن أسرتها وأطفالها وذويها بجدارة، وتمكنت من اعادة التوازن النفسي والأجتماعي للأسرة الفيلية على الرغم من عمق الآثار النفسية للجريمة التي لاتزال تعاني منها لغاية الآن.
تأثير تمرينات اللعب التنافسي لليد غير المفضلة في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وعدد من المتغيرات المهارية
Authors: Khudhur Rizgar M. , ابراهيم ناصر محمد شاكر
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن تأثير المنهاج التدريبي باستخدام تمرينات اللعب التنافسي لليد غير المفضلة في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وعدد من المهارات للاعبي كرة اليد لأعمار (16 – 18) سنة، والكشف عن دلالة الفروق الاحصائية في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وعدد من المتغيرات المهارية للمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في الاختبار البعدي، وللتحقق من أهداف البحث افترض الباحث أنه توجد فروق معنوية بين الاختبار القبلي والبعدي للمجموعة التجريبية ولصالح الاختبار البعدي في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وبعض المتغيرات المهارية لدى لاعبي كرة اليد لأعمار (16 – 18) سنة، وتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي للمجموعة الضابطة في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وبعض المتغيرات المهارية لدى لاعبي كرة اليد لأعمار (16 – 18) سنة وأيضاً توجد فروق معنوية بين الاختبار البعدي للمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وبعض المتغيرات المهارية لدى لاعبي كرة اليد لأعمار (16 – 18) سنة، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي لملاءمته وطبيعة البحث، وحُدد مجتمع البحث بطريقة عمدية من لاعبي كرة اليد في اكاديمية نادي كويه الرياضي للموسم الرياضي (2021 – 2022)، واختيرت عينة البحث من هذا المجتمع وقوامها (16) لاعباً يمثلون (80%) من مجتمع البحث البالغ (20) لاعباً أختيرو بالطريقة العشوائية غير المنتظمة، وكان توزيع اللاعبين عشوائياً عن طريق القرعة على المجموعتين متساويتين إحداهما تجريبية طبق عليهم المنهج التدريبي لتمرينات اللعب التنافسي وعددهم (8) لاعبين وبذلك أصبحت المجموعة الاخرى ضابطة حيث طبق عليهم المنهج المعد من قبل مدرب الفريق وعددهم (8) لاعبين أيضاً، واستبعد الباحث (4) لاعبين أجريت عليهم التجربة الاستطلاعية للمتغيرات البدنية والمهارية والمنهج التدريبي، وعلى ضوء نتائج البحث استنتج الباحث أنه أحدث المنهاج التدريبي الذي نفذته المجموعة التجريبية التي استخدمت تمرينات اللعب التنافسي باليد غير المفضلة تقدماً معنوياً في القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية وأحدث المنهاج التدريبي الذي نفذته المجموعة التجريبية التي استخدمت تمرينات اللعب التنافسي باليد غير المفضلة تقدماً معنوياً في جميع المتغيرات المهارية (المناولة، التصويب، الطبطبة) باستثناء مهارة الخداع وأحدث تقدم معنوي في المتغيرات البدنية (القوة الانفجارية للذراع الرامية) لصالح المجموعة التجريبية التي استخدمت تمرينات اللعب التنافسي باليد غير المفضلة في الاختبار البعدي على المجموعة الضابطة، كما أحدث تقدم معنوي في المتغيرات المهارية (المناولة، التصويب، الطبطبة) لصالح المجموعة التجريبية التي استخدمت تمرينات اللعب التنافسي باليد غير المفضلة في الاختبار البعدي على المجموعة الضابطة، وكانت هناك تقدم للمجموعة التجريبية في الوسط الحسابي لمهارة (الخداع) ولكن لم تصل إلى درجة المعنوية.
Style of Interference of Genres in the Poems of Sherko Bekas
Authors: Hama Avin A. , Khidir Osman H.
Published: May 2024

In the past, there was a restriction in the literary genres in the theories of literature. After the development of the theories of literature and criticism this was seen less the genres. The genres got benefit from each other from different ways. Especially through interference of literary genres. This led to the development of the genres and interfering each other and a new genre came up that consists of the previous genres.
SHERKO BEKAS was an experienced poet that was different and invented a new style of writing literary genres. This made him to have his own style to mix between the genres to create new genres such as poetic prose, verse novel
From this perspective, this study tries to analyses the style of interfering the genres in the poems of the poet.
The study consists of two sections: the first one is to introduce the concepts of literary genre and the interference of literary genre. The second one is about the styles of interfering literary genres in the poems of SHERKO BEKAS. In the end, the results and the list of references are available.
Das Potenzial der Fernwärme in Deutschland aus Nachhaltigkeitssicht
Authors: Berger Tim
Published: May 2024

Fernwärme spielt in der deutschen Wärmewende zur Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele eine Schlüsselrolle. Im Artikel wird das Potenzial zukünftiger Fernwärmeversorgung eruiert und nach dem Kriterium der Nachhaltigkeit bewertet. Der resultierende Versorgungsmix wird
anschließend mit den tatsächlichen Transformationsplanungen von Fernwärmeversorgern verglichen.District heating plays a key role in the German heat transition (“Wärmewende”) to achieve climate protection targets. In order to realise the heating transition,
the legislator has established cost efficiency as a central criterion in the relevant legislation. Ecology, as the third pillar of sustainability, is thus taking a back seat, despite the transformation’s influence on other sustainability dimensions beyond climate protection. The article
takes an ecological perspective on the district heating transformation and shows that, from this perspective, greater emphasis should be placed on local environmental heat and large heat pumps. In the second step, the decentralised information available on the actual transformation plans of
district heating suppliers is aggregated and evaluated at a national level for the first time. The evaluation indicates a possible gap between the developed sustainable target state and the plans of district heating suppliers, which are primarily focussed on the cost efficiency criterion.
This comparison identifies a potential conflict of objectives between the legislative cost efficiency criterion and the ecological sustainability perspective.
Jenseits des Klimakonsenses
Authors: Sommer Bernd , Schad Miriam
Published: May 2024

Wie stark ist die Gesellschaft gespalten? Die Triggerpunkte-Studie zur gesellschaftlichen Polarisierung untersucht Arenen und Konflikte von Ungleichheiten. Beim Klimaschutz herrscht mehr Konsens als erwartet. Dabei überbetont die Studie die Bedeutung von Konsens auf der Einstellungsebene
und vernachlässigt die potenziell wichtige gesellschaftliche Funktion von Affekten und Konflikten für eine sozial-ökologische Transformation.
Umwelt und Gesundheit reloaded?
Authors: Tretter Felix , Simon Karl-Heinz
Published: May 2024

Zusammenhänge zwischen Umwelt und Gesundheit sind im Mainstream angekommen und werden in globalen Kontexten diskutiert. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humanökologie hat aktuell eine interne Online-Vortragsreihe dazu initiiert, auf deren Grundlage theoretische Überlegungen
weiter ausgearbeitet werden sollen.
Navigating through poly-crises towards One Health: Mirage or tangible prospect? Insights from the Transatlantic Research Lab on Complex Societal Challenges
Authors: Steiner Gerald , Laubichler Manfred D. , Bertau Martin , Zenk Lukas , Weitzer Jakob , Han Emilie , Birmann Brenda M. , Lienhard Dina Ziganshina , Caniglia Guido , Schernhammer Eva S.
Published: May 2024

Navigating today’s crises requires transcending one-dimensional, exclusively science-centered approaches. This article advocates a transdisciplinary strategy, integrating diverse perspectives to address complex issues like poly-crises. It emphasizes the potential of mutual learning
and knowledge co-generation between science and society for fostering creative, sustainable solutions within a multilayered innovation system.
Gambling with nature: Why gene drives are not a viable route to nature conservation
Authors: Pilz Barbara Couto , Kosmehl Naomi , Härlin Benedikt
Published: May 2024

Gene drives, a potentially dangerous application of genetic engineering, enable forced inheritance and species manipulation. With proposed uses in disease vector and invasive species control, as well as agriculture, the main risks and challenges of gene drives relate to uncontrollability,
regulation, and ethical concerns. Current scientific knowledge is not sufficient to allow it to be used cautiously and ethically. This article discusses gene drives as a conservation tool, concluding it is not a viable option for halting global biodiversity loss.
Evaluation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars for some biochemical and agronomic traits under drought stress
Authors: Ebrahimi Azad , Nabizadeh Esmail , Azizi Heydar , Mohammadian Rahim
Published: May 2024

This experiment aimed to evaluate quantitative and qualitative characteristics, tolerance to water deficit, and stability of white sugar in sugar beet cultivars. The experimental design was a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, where the irrigation levels (normal and water shortage) were assigned to the main plots and 18 sugar beet cultivars were assigned to the subplots. The result revealed that Palma achieved the maximum root and white sugar yield under normal and water deficit; furthermore, the highest indices of YP, YS, MP, STI, HM, YI, DI, REI and MRP belonged to the Palma cultivar. The results of the AMMI analysis based on white sugar yield showed that the additive effects of genotype and environment and the multiplicative effect of G×E accounted for 75.52, 17.05 and 6.76 % of the total data variance. Based on AMMI stability value, the Delta, Pars, Paya and Novodoro cultivars were recognized as stable varieties. Also, the first 2 significant components of the interaction effect (G×E) accounted for 99.12 % of interaction effects variation. Based on the biplot results of the first 2 significant components against white sugar yield, Azare and Merak were the appropriate cultivars. Finally, Based on the multi-trait stability index, Azara, Novodoro and Merak cultivars were selected as stable genotypes. In 2 years and 2 conditions, the Palma cultivar was identified as a cultivar with high yield and drought tolerance and low stability and the Merak cultivar was identified as a cultivar with white sugar yield and acceptable stability.
Current implications of EEG and fNIRS as functional neuroimaging techniques for motor recovery after stroke
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Dai Chunqiu , Wu Xiangbo , Han Tao , Li Qiaozhen , Lu Yixing , Liu Xinyu , Yuan Hua
Published: May 2024

Persistent motor deficits are highly prevalent among post-stroke survivors, contributing significantly to disability. Despite the prevalence of these deficits, the precise mechanisms underlying motor recovery after stroke remain largely elusive. The exploration of motor system reorganization using functional neuroimaging techniques represents a compelling yet challenging avenue of research. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) parameters, including the power ratio index, brain symmetry index, and phase synchrony index, have emerged as potential prognostic markers for overall motor recovery post-stroke. Current evidence suggests a correlation between qEEG parameters and functional motor outcomes in stroke recovery. However, accurately identifying the source activity poses a challenge, prompting the integration of EEG with other neuroimaging modalities, such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS is nowadays widely employed to investigate brain function, revealing disruptions in the functional motor network induced by stroke. Combining these two methods, referred to as integrated fNIRS-EEG, neural activity and hemodynamics signals can be pooled out and offer new types of neurovascular coupling-related features, which may be more accurate than the individual modality alone. By harnessing integrated fNIRS-EEG source localization, brain connectivity analysis could be applied to characterize cortical reorganization associated with stroke, providing valuable insights into the assessment and treatment of post-stroke motor recovery.
Performance analysis of pulse detonation ramjet
Authors: Luo Zhenkun , Zheng Longxi , Lu Jie , Peng Chenxu , Xiao Zhiyi , Zhang Jiabo
Published: May 2024

A Pulse Detonation Ramjet (PDR) performance evaluation model is established based on the component-based method. The influence law of working parameters of pulse detonation combustor (PDC), PDR geometry parameters, flight speed and altitude on the performance is analyzed. Results are as follows. (1) With the increase of the equivalent ratio, the PDR specific thrust first increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum value around 1.2, but the fuel specific impulse always decreases; (2) The change of inlet throat cross-sectional area has little effect on specific thrust and fuel specific impulse, but the increase of nozzle throat cross-sectional area will have a negative effect; (3) PDR specific thrust and fuel specific impulse increase first and then decrease with the increase of flight Mach number and altitude; (4) Compared with a ramjet engine, the advantage range of PDR can reach 18.04 %, but gradually decreases with the increase of Mach number.
Effects of Photobiomodulation on Pain and Return to Play of Injured Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Morgan Richard M. , Wheeler Tyler D. , Poolman Mark A. , Haugen Erin N. J. , LeMire Steven D. , Fitzgerald John S.
Published: May 2024

Morgan, RM, Wheeler, TD, Poolman, MA, Haugen, ENJ, LeMire, SD, and Fitzgerald, JS. Effects of photobiomodulation on pain and return to play of injured athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): e310–e319, 2024—The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on musculoskeletal pain in injured athletes and to determine if the effects of PBM allowed injured athletes to return to play faster. Electronic databases (MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched (up to and including November 7, 2023) for peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting criteria. Six RCTs, representing 205 competitive and recreational athletes with a mean age of 24 years, were included in the analysis. There were 6 intervention groups using standard physical therapy (n = 1), placebo PBM (n = 4), and aloe gel (n = 1) lasting between 10 minutes and 8 weeks in duration. The level of significance set for the study was p < 0.05. Overall, the use of PBM indicated a positive effect on pain reduction for PBM vs. control groups, standardized mean differences = 1.03, SE = 0.22, 95% confidence intervals = [0.43–1.63], p = 0.0089, but the 2 RCTs found evaluating the effect of PBM on time to return to play after injury in athletes do not support a benefit. Allied healthcare professionals may use PBM to reduce pain, thus allowing an athlete to return to their normal biomechanical movement faster; however, limited evidence suggests that PBM does not reduce time to return to play after an injury.
Injury Profiles of Elite, Semielite, and Recreational Golfers, and Their Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garrett Joel M. , Beaumont Patrick L. , van den Hoek Daniel J. , Veugelers Kristopher , Schmitz Melissa , Bennett Hunter
Published: May 2024

Garrett, JM, Beaumont, PL, van den Hoek, DJ, Veugelers, K, Schmitz, M, and Bennett, H. Injury profiles of elite, semielite, and recreational golfers, and their associated risk factors: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): 1157–1176, 2024—Golf is one of the most participated sports played worldwide. However, how injury distributions change between different golf populations is unknown, and associated injury risk factors are unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to describe the common musculoskeletal injuries in different golf populations and identify their associated risk factors. A systematic search was performed to identify eligible articles through PubMed, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, and Scopus up until September 4, 2023. Of the 4643 studies identified, 58 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Data from 10,437 subjects were extracted, with the most common area of injury to all golf populations being the lower back. Different injury distributions were found between populations with elite male golfers (n = 1924 injuries, 62% of all injuries) and recreational male golfers (n = 442 injuries, 45% of all injuries) reporting the trunk as the most injured region, whereas upper-extremity injuries were the most prevalent injury in elite female golfers (n = 890 injuries, 42% of all injuries) and recreational female golfers (n = 178 injuries, 47% of all injuries). Range-of-motion deficits at the hip and spine were identified as risk factors for elite golfers, whereas measures of lower-limb and trunk strength endurance were identified as risk factors for recreational golfers, suggesting areas of focus for golf practitioners. However, there is a paucity of robust studies evaluating the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in all golf populations, and because of the variety of methods and measures used, detailed comparisons and definitive recommendations were difficult to make. Nonetheless, this review provides an overview of the common golf injuries and possible risk factors, which can aid partitioners in developing strategies for injury prevention for all golfing demographics.
A Restored Perspective
Authors: Bo Ruochen
Published: May 2024

The recent retrospectives of Edward Yang’s cinematic oeuvre in Taiwan and North America have provided long-awaited access to his most overlooked works such as Du li shi dai (1994) and Ma jiang (1996). The last two films of his to undergo restoration, while seemingly uncharacteristic of Yang’s usual style, exhibit a remarkable consistency in his experimentation with various juxtapositions of sound, image, thought, and emotion. This essay explores how these satirical works yield fierce critiques of the pervasive materialism and the absence of independent thinking. In foregrounding dark comedy and ironic distance, these films offer timely ruminations on the difficult tensions and complex dynamics between individuals and society, and between tradition and modernity.
Thickness effects on the physical characterization of nanostructured CuO thin films for hydrogen gas sensor
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Hadia E. H. , Jasim F. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Chiad S. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Hussein K. N. ,   Department of Radiology, Al-Manara College for Medical Science, Iraq, Habubi N. F. ,   Department of Radiation and Sonar Technologies, Alnukhba University College, Iraq, Kadhim Y. H. ,   Department of Optics Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq, Jadan M. ,   Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2024

In these studies, radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering was used to produce nanostructured CuO thin films on glass bases with different thicknesses of (250, 300, and 350 nm). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of these films revealed a polycrystalline structure with a preferred peak along the (111) plane. The Scherrer formula was used to compute the grain size. It was found that the average grain sizes are 10.78 nm, 11.36 nm, and 11.84 nm for film thicknesses of 250, 3000, and 300 nm, respectively, while the dislocation density and strain values decline. The surface roughness decreased from 9.30 nm to 4.71 nm as the thickness increased, according to atomic force microscopy (AFM) data. As the thickness of the film grew, the root mean square (RMS) roughness likewise decreased from 9.18 nm to 4.29 nm. The homogenous, semi-spherical structure comprises uniformly distributed particles, as demonstrated by SEM images. The optical properties of the grown films showed that the absorption coefficient considerably increased with film thickness. Transmittance, band gap, refractive index, and extinction coefficient all decrease with increasing film thickness. The hydrogen gas measurements, indicated a reduction in sensitivity as the thickness and gas concentration increased at 30°C.
Probing optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of double perovskite halides Li2CuInY6 (Y = Cl, Br, I) for energy conversion applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Ahmad Noor N. , Nasrullah F. ,   Department of Physics, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Elansary H. O. ,   Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Mumtaz S. ,   Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
Published: May 2024

Recently, double perovskite halides (DPHs) become crucial due to their potential applications in optoelectronic devices due to their stability, non-toxicity, superior oxidation resistance, high conversion efficiency, and high temperature stability. In the current study, we explored DPHs Li2CuInY6 (Y = Cl, Br, I) employing Wien2k package to analyze the structural stability, optoelectronic and thermoelectric features. The formation energy and Born stability criteria are computed to confirm thermodynamic and structural stability. Studied DPHs have direct bandgaps nature investigated by modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ) potential. Calculated values of bandgap decreases, when replace halide ion from Cl to I, indicate tuning from visible to infrared (IR) region of electromagnetic spectrum. Their band edge tuning across the visible to infrared border is reliant on replacement, which makes them suitable for projects involving opto-electronic devices. Further, optical features are investigated in terms of incident photon energy in order to assess the optical output. Lastly, electronic thermoelectric performance is computed using the figure of merit (ZT) for all DPs. Computed results of direct bandgap and optical behavior show that DP Li2CuInCl6 can be used as photovoltaic devices as compared to DPs Li2CuInBr6 and Li2CuInI6.
ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF IOT AND INTELLIGENT SENSORS FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors:   Odesa Polytechnic National University, Kirkopulo Katerina , Tonkonogyi Vladimir ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The article presents a comparative analysis of the application of IoT and smart sensors for monitoring and controlling industrial technological processes. It delves into the pros and cons of traditional sensors versus intelligent sensors, which function within the framework of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Emphasis is placed on the significance of leveraging modern technologies like IoT to enhance production process efficiency, cut costs, and elevate quality control standards. The research outlines pivotal aspects of IoT implementation in industry, including data security assurance, seamless integration with existing systems, and the formulation of comprehensive security frameworks. Smart sensors emerge as pivotal tools in streamlining technological processes owing to their real-time data collection and analysis capabilities. This strategic approach can empower companies to boost efficiency, trim expenses, and bolster competitiveness. The analysis underscores the necessity of meticulous consideration of technical, organizational, and security factors for the successful deployment of IoT in industry, pivotal for ensuring productive and efficient operational outcomes. Keywords: Internet of Things, automation, control, ion-plasma coatings, intelligent sensors
Exploring 2D X-ray diffraction phase fraction analysis with convolutional neural networks: Insights from kinematic-diffraction simulations
Authors: Yue Weiqi , Mehdi Mohommad Redad , Tripathi Pawan K. , Willard Matthew A. , Ernst Frank , French Roger H.
Published: May 2024

Deep-learning models are effective for analyzing the complex information in 2D X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Accurately collecting parameters of the material sample is crucial during model training, significantly impacting model performance. In this study, we employ a kinematic-diffraction simulator to generate simulated 2D XRD patterns for Ti–6Al–4V alloy, allowing precise control of sample parameters. These simulated patterns are used to train convolutional neural networks, predicting $$\upbeta$$
β
-phase volume fractions. The training data set consists exclusively of 2D XRD patterns with pure $$\upalpha$$
α
- or pure $$\upbeta$$
β
-phase, while the testing set incorporates patterns with intermediate phase volume fraction. In particular, we investigate how the architectures of the model influence prediction reliability and computational performance. Experimental results reveal that, with appropriate training, the convolutional neural network accurately detects intermediate phase volume fractions even trained with only pure-phase patterns, achieving a mean square error accuracy of $$9.4 \times 10^{-4}$$

9.4
×

10

-
4

.

Graphical abstract
Sudan – towards Democracy
Authors:   State University of Applied Sciences in Gniezno (Poland), Woźniak Katarzyna
Published: May 2024

For 30 years, Sudan was ruled by one man – Omar Hassan Ahmad al- Bashir. He went down in history as a dictator. His rule was marked by terror, persecution and suffering. Bashir’s regime led to the displacement of millions, the death of thousands, poverty, a humanitarian and economic crisis in the country, and he was indicted by the International Criminal Court for war crimes and genocide. With the fall of Bashir, there was a short-lived hope for a better future. But it was an illusory hope. The country’s political scene has been taken over by the military, which is still in power despite announcements that it would hand over power to civilians. The purpose of this article is to analyze the political and social situation that led to the fall of the Bashir regime and the current political situation under the military junta. The analysis is based solely on information gathered from open sources of intelligence (OSINT).
Size Matters: Influence of Particle Size on Antioxidant, β-Glucan, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential in Pleurotus floridanus (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Wong Wei-Yan , Ismail Siti Marjiana , Phan Chia Wei , Tan Yee Shin
Published: May 2024

Cellular damage resulting from elevated levels of free radicals can lead to persistent health issues. Pleurotus floridanus, an edible white oyster mushroom, is rich in β-glucans with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this research, we examined the β-glucan content, total phenolic content, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of hot water extracts with varying particle sizes (< 75, 75-154, 154-300, and 300-600 μm) of both whole and sliced fruiting bodies of P. floridanus. The findings revealed that the в-glucan content increased as the particle size increased, although no significant differences were observed. Conversely, smaller particle sizes (< 75 μm) of whole and sliced fruiting bodies of P. floridanus exhibited higher phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hy-drazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity, and reducing ability compared with larger particle size (> 75 μm). Of the four samples (AW2, AW3, AS1, and AS2) with the highest antioxidant activity selected for anti-inflammatory assays, all demonstrated the ability to reduce nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, but did not enhance interleukin-10 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Interestingly, particle size < 75 to 300 μm did not appear to influence the anti-inflammatory activity, because no significant differences were observed among the particle sizes. Therefore, a particle size < 300 μm in a P. floridanus hot water extract could serve as a valuable source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds to counteract the harmful effects of free radicals.
Chemical Constitutes from Mycelia of Laetiporus versisporus (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Hu Wenting , He Yudie , Yang Ze , Meng Qingfeng , Fu Shaobin
Published: May 2024

Edible mushrooms, both wild and cultivated, can be seen as healthy functional food. More and more valuable compounds are obtained from mycelia of macromycetes. However, there was limited report about the medicinal fungus Laetiporus versisporus (Lloyd) Imazeki. Herein, L. versisporus was fermented on rice media and the secondary metabolites of mycelia were investigated. In this study, two-step method was used to obtain fermented products, silica gel column chromatography, recrystallization, medium pressure column chromatography, preparative thin-layer chromatography were applied to separate the chemical constituents. Nine chemical compounds (1-9) including one new triterpenoid acid versisponic acid F were identified by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy and MS (mass spectrometry). Seven compounds including monolinoleoyl glycerol, linoleic acid, ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β-ol, β-sitosterol, daucosterol, versisponic acid F were isolated for the first time from L. versisporus.
Democracia en riesgo: la amenaza a las libertades políticas en la era de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Céspedes Gutiérrez Oscar Yesid
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: consistió en analizar cómo el avance de la Inteligencia Artificial está impactando las libertades políticas en las democracias contemporáneas, identificando las posibles amenazas y desafíos que emergen. Método: para el desarrollo de la investigación se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo con el fin de vislumbrar las complejas interacciones entre la democracia, las libertades políticas y la IA desde una perspectiva holística, interpretativa y crítica, los procedimientos y técnicas utilizados fueron la observación directa y la revisión bibliográfica, mientras que para el análisis se trianguló la información obtenida y se plantearon categorías analíticas. Resultados: se examinó el papel de la IA en el perfilamiento electoral, la manipulación de la información y otros aspectos relevantes para la participación ciudadana y la integridad del proceso democrático. Se analizó cómo la IA está influyendo en las libertades políticas en diversas democracias y se identificaron costos y retos en este ámbito crucial. Conclusiones: se destaca que los derechos humanos se convierten enun contrapeso esencial frente a esta nueva realidad, con transformaciones en su contenido y posibles nuevas garantías, como el derecho a no ser perfilado con fines electorales.
RNA-Isolation from milk samples for virus analysis v1
Authors: Bhatia Sudhir , Baersch Gudrun
Published: May 2024

This protocol is about a method to isolate RNA from the milk samples to conduct the viral analysis, for example avian Influenza Virus H5N1, Measles, Zika Virus, Dengue Fever Virus etc. in human and other mammalian species. The isolated RNA can be used for conducting the molecular biological analysis like conventional as well as real time PCR, nucleic acid based nanoparticle assays etc.
Protocol (C): Automated segmentation of the otic vesicle and image analysis v1
Authors: A. Schmitz Désirée
Published: May 2024

This protocol details the automated segmentation of the otic vesicle and image analysis.
Primer design protocol of an endogenous ribosomal gene, based on RNAseq sequencing of the liver of Astyanax lacustris (Teleostei: Characidae) v1
Authors: Lima Jennifer , Souza Branco Giovana , Gomes Aline , Guimarães Moreira Renata
Published: May 2024

For gene expression studies, endogenous genes are necessary for analysis. Therefore, ribosomal protein L7 (rpl7) gene was chosen as endogenous gene and was designed according to the liver’s transcriptome of Astyanax lacustris. During the primer design, it was mainly considering the temperature close to 60ºC and the absence of dimers, establishing the following sequences: GGCCCAGCTGGTTGTGATCGCA (Forward, 5′–3′) and GCCTCCACCAGTTTGGCAAGAGC (Reverse, 5′–3′).
Metabarcoding Fecal Swabs or Stomach Contents for Fish and Crustaceans using 2-PCR protocol and Illumina MiSeq v2
Authors: Wisely Eldridge
Published: May 2024

This protocol describes a method to metabarcode a 170bp region of the mitochondrial16S rRNA gene of crustaceans and a 163-185bp region of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene of fishes. These regions are subjected to PCR separately in multiple replicates and the resulting PCR products are pooled by sample and then indexed for sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform.
Opening Pandora’s Box: Person-sensitive conceptualization and measurement in psychological science
Authors: Nilsson Artur
Published: May 2024

Although distinctions between the study of persons, the study of populations, and the study of mechanisms are helpful for illuminating mismatches between research assumptions, problems, and methods, it may be difficult to construe these as entirely discrete branches of psychological science. I suggest that it is more appropriate to view person-levelness (or person-sensitivity) as an ideal we should actively aspire toward, within the constraints placed by other goals such as generalizability and feasibility, when pursuing knowledge about individuals. It is an ideal that we can never hope to perfectly realize—the degree to which it is realized will always be a matter of degree, and there is therefore no clear line of demarcation between the person level and other branches of psychology. This ideal can nonetheless stimulate more person-sensitive conceptualizations, measurements, and analyses.
Determinación de los estilos de aprendizaje para residencias quirúrgicas en formación para Microcirugía
Authors:   Universidad CES, Rojas-Galvis Andrés , López Adolfo Alejandro ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: May 2024

Introducción: identificar los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes facilita la creación de nuevo conocimiento como parte de los procesos pedagógicos, sin embargo, no existe una única manera de aprender consecuente a los procesos mentales de cada estudiante, hecho que permite implementar diferentes estrategias. Una se trata de los ambientes simulados, donde el aprendizaje experiencial fortalece dichos procesos. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de las residencias quirúrgicas inscritos al Laboratorio de Simulación para la materia de Microcirugía. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y doble ciego, incluyó 32 estudiantes de 7 especialidades quirúrgicas y se asignó a cada participante un formato de 40 preguntas (CAMEA-40), correspondiente a un cuestionario adaptado para monitorizar estilos de aprendizaje está dividido en cuatro grupos: activo, reflexivo, pragmático y teórico; para identificar los perfiles de aprendizaje. Resultados: se identificaron los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes como primera tendencia: teórico, con 62%; reflexivo, con 27%; pragmático, con 11%; y activo, con 0%. Como segunda tendencia predominó el estilo reflexivo, con 35%; teórico, con 34%; pragmático, con 23%; y por último, activo, con 8%. Conclusiones: el estilo de aprendizaje de mayor tendencia fue el teórico. Con ello, las didácticas docentes se convierten en herramientas fundamentales para crear escenarios de impacto y así optimizar los procesos de enseñanza–aprendizaje. Este estilo se basa en dirigir acciones prácticas y estrategias orientadoras que facilitan al estudiante la construcción de conceptos y la consecución de un aprendizaje sólido y duradero.
Caracterización de la función pulmonar en los sobrevivientes colombianos de la COVID-19
Authors:   Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Romero-Diaz Sol Angie , Guerrero-Salgado Luz Fanny ,   Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, García-Muñoz Ana ,   Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Aedo–Muñoz Esteban ,   Universidad Santiago de Chile
Published: May 2024

Introducción: el SARS-CoV-2 afecta agudamente la función pulmonar de los seres humanos y las alteraciones respiratorias pueden persistir después de superada la infección. Objetivos: caracterizar la función pulmonar de los sobrevivientes colombianos de la COVID-19. Métodos: estudio piloto en el cual se evaluó la función pulmonar con un dispositivo MiniBox™, la aptitud aeróbica con una caminata de seis minutos, y la percepción de la fatiga con el inventario multidimensional de la fatiga (MFI-20). Resultados: de un grupo inicial de 70 participantes, únicamente 39 lograron completaron el estudio, con un curso de enfermedad que osciló entre leve y moderado. Las mujeres constituyeron la mayoría (51%) de los participantes y no se hallaron valores anormales en la función pulmonar. El puntaje para la fatiga total fue de 39 ± 9,2; para la fatiga general fue de 5 ± 0, al igual que para la fatiga física (5 ± 0); para la fatiga mental el puntaje fue de 8,56 ± 3,5, para la actividad reducida fue de 11,2 ± 2,96, y para la motivación reducida fue de 9,38 ± 4,4. Asimismo, el consumo de oxígeno pico (VO2 pico) fue de 19,51 ml/kg/min ± 2,8 ml/kg/min. Conclusiones: la función pulmonar y la fatiga en colombianos sobrevivientes del COVID-19 residentes en Bogotá y que no recibieron soporte ventilatorio fueron normales de acuerdo con las pruebas realizadas, mientras que la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria fue baja.
SUSTAINABILITY VALUES: A COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ADULT EDUCATION
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Dzerviniks Jānis , Skromule Ilze , Usca Svetlana , Blazulioniene Silva , Zascerinska Jelena , Kavolius Robertas , Hognadottir Anna
Published: May 2024

Sustainability means prioritising the needs of all life forms and of the planet by ensuring that human activity does not exceed planetary boundaries. Adult education plays an important role in empowering adult learners to foster sustainability and its values. Sustainability competence is guided by sustainability values. Competence is considered as an educational category, thereby adult education is aimed at infusing sustainability values into adult learning. However, sustainability values are an under-explored area in scientific literature. Only sustainability values for children have been listed. The aim of this research is to analyse sustainability values in scientific literature underpinning the creation of a framework of sustainability values to be embedded into adult education. The exploratory research is employed in this work as there is no well-defined framework of sustainability values. Scientific literature review as a method of investigation is deployed. Obtained data are processed via content analysis. A novel framework of inter-related sustainability values was created. The novel framework is based on the principles of interconnectedness and interdependency of sustainability values. The framework categorizes sustainability values from the external and internal perspectives. A new research question has been formulated: What are modern methods to foster adult learners’ sustainability values?
CORRELATION BETWEEN PERSONNEL' AUTHENTICITY IN THE WORKPLACE, BURNOUT AND WELL-BEING
Authors: Vīra Raina , Pīpkalēja Linda , Blumberga Solveiga
Published: May 2024

To be authentic is to be oneself, needs, true and original, to be aware of one's identity, to act in accordance with values, needs and desires, which naturally contributes to quality of life. Well-being is a universal life goal and one of the most important strategic priorities and human resource trends in organizations today. A large part of people's lives is spent at work, which today is characterized by uncertainty, competitiveness, and stress, so it is in the interest of organizations to contribute authentic expressions in their employees, making them feel better and thus more productive, while attracting new talents who value authenticity at work as a psychological benefit. The aim of the research is to explore personnel’ authenticity in the workplace in relation to burnout and well-being and to develop proposals to human resource managers and managers for enhancing personnel’ authenticity and well-being and reducing burnout. Three research questions: Are there correlations between personnel' authenticity in the workplace, burnout, and well-being; Are there differences in variables between age groups, by organization size, between seniority groups and different types of work models; Does authenticity in the workplace affect burnout and well-being. The following methods were used: Relational Authenticity Questionnaire; Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey; Index of Psychological Well-Being at Work; two open questions created by the authors of the study and socio-demographic survey. Based on the results, it was found that there are correlations between variables, namely, a positive relationship between relational authenticity and well-being and a negative – between both exhaustion and cynicism burnout subscales. There are differences in variables between age groups, seniority groups and different types of work models, and the impact of authenticity on both burnout and well-being was found. Results help to draw the attention of employers to promotion of authenticity as a tool for enhancing well-being and preventing burnout, proposals can be used for aforementioned purposes in organizations.
THE EFFECT OF SINGLE HIGH-VELOCITY, LOW-AMPLITUDE SPINE MANIPULATION ON POSTURE, FUNCTIONAL STATE OF TORSO, THIGH MUSCLES, AND VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT
Authors: Ozols Edgars , Galeja Zinta
Published: May 2024

The effects impact of single high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) spinal manipulation on posture, torso, and thigh functional condition, and the height of the vertical jump have not been adequately studied. The research aims to investigate the immediate changes caused by a single spinal vertebral HVLA manipulation 3 weeks after posture, torso, and thigh muscle functional state, and vertical jump height. The study involved 46 men aged 18-25 years old who practiced indoor volleyball training at least twice a week, as well as a deviation of the vertebral vertebrae from the non-thymic position. Initially, posture was assessed using the photogrammetry method and muscle length was assessed using the goniometry method. A vertical jump height test was performed by the Sargent Jump test. A single HVLA spinal manipulation was performed by a certified chiropractor for segment correction. Then, a re-assessment of posture (photogrammetry), re-assessment of movement volume (goniometry) as well a re-assessment of vertical jump height test- the Sargent Jump test was performed. After 3 weeks post HVLA manipulation participants were retested. The main findings are: immediately after the HVLA spinal correction changes in posture were observed in all evaluated parameters, deviations from the norm decreased by 25.45% ± 1.27% (p < .005), while the vertical jump height test results immediately after HVLA increased by 4.34% ± 0.11% (p < .005). After 3 weeks post HVLA spine manipulation therapeutic effect was reduced by 5.48% ± 1.27% (p < .005), while the Sargent Jump test result 3 weeks after manipulation decreased by 0.05% ± 0.11% (p > .005). Conclusion: the persistence of the effect of a single HVLA spine manipulation was maintained for 3 weeks after the manipulation into the posture.
EXPLORING STAFFING PATTERNS AND MULTILINGUAL CLASSROOMS IN TEACHING JAPANESE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Luchenko Olha , Kovinko Karina
Published: May 2024

Multilingual classrooms are becoming more common worldwide due to increasing mobility. Teaching foreign languages using the mother tongue in multilingual classrooms has become problematic; some of the significant concerns in Japanese language acquisition – such as the high contextuality of the language, vocabulary and kanji learning – make the direct teaching method confusing for many students, especially at the beginner and elementary levels. This article provides the preliminary results of a study carried out as a component of a more extensive empirical research project on instructional languages in classrooms teaching Japanese as a foreign language. It aims to gather, analyse and synthesise data from a survey conducted at a supranational level. The results of the first two sections of a questionnaire containing closed and open-ended questions were used for a quantitative analysis of the profile of Japanese language instructors with a focus on finding possible connections. The wide geographic distribution of the respondents (274 teachers from fifty-seven countries and regions) made it possible to collect data from a more representative sample and draw meaningful conclusions about the spread of multilingual classrooms that would be impossible in smaller-scale research. The study’s primary results show the proportion of multilingual classrooms among countries in different regions and across different educational stages, the distribution of Japanese language instructors in various educational stages depending on the highest level of formal education attained, and the proportion of part-time instructors working in different academic institutions.