bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA barcoding of Deltocephalus Burmeister leafhoppers (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Deltocephalini) in China
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhang Yalin , Duan Yani
Published: July 2019

We investigated the feasibility of using the DNA barcode region in identifyingDeltocephalusfrom China. Sequences of the barcode region of the mitochondrial COI gene were obtained for 98 specimens (Deltocephalusvulgaris– 88,Deltocephaluspulicaris– 5,Deltocephalusuncinatus– 5). The average genetic distances among morphological and geographical groups ofD.vulgarisranged from 0.9% to 6.3% and among the three species ofDeltocephalusranged from 16.4% to 21.9% without overlap, which effectively reveals the existence of a “DNA barcoding gap”. It is important to assess the status of these morphological variants and explore the genetic variation among Chinese populations ofD.vulgarisbecause the status of this species has led to taxonomic confusion because specimens representing two distinct morphological variants based on the form of the aedeagus are often encountered at a single locality. Forty-five haplotypes (D.vulgaris– 36,D.pulicaris– 5,D.uncinatus– 4) were defined to perform the phylogenetic analyses; they revealed no distinct lineages corresponding either to the two morphotypes ofD.vulgarisor to geographical populations. Thus, there is no evidence that these variants represent genetically distinct species.
Cultural Studies in search of a method, or looking for conjunctural analysis
Authors: Grossberg Lawrence
Published: July 2019

Conjunctural analysis is a conversation across many fields, discourses, knowledges and institutions, a conversation one seeks to advance by humbly offering the best contributions one can. Too often, a conjuncture is simply treated as a context defined by some boundary, often but not
necessarily a given space and period of time. This article attempts to uncover some of the concepts and assumptions that have driven the author's own efforts as part of a broader collaborative effort, and that have, over the course of more than four decades, constituted his passion for cultural
studies. The article offers some theorising on the conjunctural analysis to open up and continue the important conversation, and hopefully to move the possibilities of political analysis a bit further on.
La nature, point d’ancrage et de gravité de l’œuvre littéraire de Moyshe Kulbak (1896-1937)
Authors: Bikard Arnaud
Published: July 2019

Le présent article met en évidence le rôle central, et paradoxal, que joue la nature dans l’œuvre poétique de l’écrivain yiddish Moyshe Kulbak (1896-1937). Il part du constat que la littérature yiddish moderne, depuis Mendele Moykher Sforim (1835-1917), a construit un rapport unique au monde naturel. Celui-ci, constituant l’envers du shtetl et de sa culture, était traditionnellement associé aux non-Juifs. Il a donc fait l’objet d’un effort d’appropriation passant par une idéalisation et une judaïsation du spectacle de la nature. S’opposant à cette tendance d’une façon originale, Moyshe Kulbak crée un mythe nouveau, foncièrement irréaliste, celui des « Juifs de la Nature », dont il s’affirme le descendant. En nous appuyant sur les œuvres poétiques de l’auteur, et en particulier sur son long poème Raysn [Biélorussie], nous analysons les conditions de possibilité d’un tel mythe : il s’agit non plus de judaïser la nature mais, paradoxalement, de déjudaïser les Juifs, de les plonger, autant que faire se peut, dans l’environnement non juif que reste fondamentalement la campagne de la région natale de l’auteur, la Biélorussie. D’où la création, à la fois moderniste et lyrique, de figures détachées du temps pour pouvoir être plongées dans le sol : chefs de tribu, paysans, bergers, bandits, promeneurs qui n’ont plus de juif que leur nom et leur langue. Mais là est l’essentiel : l’écrivain yiddish est bien conscient qu’il ne peut se détacher de sa langue et de sa culture et ses « Juifs de la Nature » sont montrés dans toute leur irréalité, et souvent pétris de réminiscences nationales, qu’elles soient littéraires ou bibliques.
« Au soleil et dans la joie ». Voyage dans l’éden bundiste
Authors: Szczepanska Ania
Published: July 2019

Fondé en 1926, le sanatorium Medem fut une institution médicale et pédagogique pionnière dans l’Europe de l’entre-deux-guerres : lieu de prévention, de soins médicaux et d’éducations nouvelles. À travers les images du film Mir Kumen On, le texte explore les notions d’hygiène et de santé, ainsi que le rôle de la nature dans la formation du corps et de l’esprit, tels que l’a filmé le cinéaste polonais juif Aleksander Ford à l'été 1935, dans un but à la fois propagandiste et artistique.
Les mondes dépeuplés de Reïzl Zychlinsky
Authors: Kuhn-Kennedy Fleur
Published: July 2019

Dans une littérature yiddish qui, traditionnellement, est associée au « féminin », on peut s’intéresser à l’évolution de l’image de la nature – préoccupation elle aussi considérée comme « féminine » – dès lors que les modernismes recomposent le rapport à la langue. L’œuvre de Reïzl Zychlinsky, poétesse reconnue par les introspectionnistes américains sans jamais avoir été affiliée à un quelconque mouvement, permet d’interroger à partir d’une trajectoire singulière la manière dont le passage d’une littérature didactique et collective à une écriture tournée vers l’expression de soi réinvente la relation du sujet avec le monde. Cette poésie dont la publication s’étend sur une bonne partie du XXe siècle (de 1936 à 1996) nous donne à voir un monde où les êtres et les choses s’interpénètrent, dans une représentation animiste qui fait de la nature, l’espace d’une mémoire à la fois permanente et omniprésente. Le lien à la terre, profondément lié à la mère et à la bourgade natale, se dissout petit à petit dans une identification globale au cosmos, où le seul territoire d’appartenance se trouve être l’espace poétique, symbolisé par des « îles » dans lesquelles se réinvente sans cesse le soi de l’auteur.
« Anno Domini 1933 ». À propos du recueil La Parole des muets de Gertrud Kolmar
Authors: Pillau Helmut
Published: July 2019

Dans le cycle des poèmes, « Das Wort der Stummer » [La Parole des muets] de la poétesse juive allemande Gertrud Kolmar semble inhabituel sous plusieurs rapports. Pour quelqu’un qui habituellement écrit des poèmes sur la nature, son poème critique envers le bouleversement politique en Allemagne, en 1933, était inattendu. Et pourtant, il n’y avait personne d’autre en Allemagne qui pouvait réagir aussi rapidement, clairement et prophétiquement à la lente destruction des principes civiques. Dans plusieurs poèmes, elle fut capable de mettre en mots ce qui devait être dit sur les maux de cette époque mais elle était incapable de l’exprimer publiquement. Le poème de Kolmar présente les caractéristiques d’un appel pour tenter de libérer ses amis juifs allemands de leur propension à l’autodestruction par l’assimilation.
The Il9 CNS-25 Regulatory Element Controls Mast Cell and Basophil IL-9 Production
Authors: Abdul Qayum Amina , Koh Byunghee , Martin Rebecca K. , Kenworthy Blake T. , Kharwadkar Rakshin , Fu Yongyao , Wu Wenting , Conrad Daniel H. , Kaplan Mark H.
Published: July 2019

IL-9 is an important mediator of allergic disease that is critical for mast cell–driven diseases. IL-9 is produced by many cell types, including T cells, basophils, and mast cells. Yet, how IL-9 is regulated in mast cells or basophils is not well characterized. In this report, we tested the effects of deficiency of a mouse Il9 gene regulatory element (Il9 CNS-25) in these cells in vivo and in vitro. In mast cells stimulated with IL-3 and IL-33, the Il9 CNS-25 enhancer is a potent regulator of mast cell Il9 gene transcription and epigenetic modification at the Il9 locus. Our data show preferential binding of STAT5 and GATA1 to CNS-25 over the Il9 promoter in mast cells and that T cells and mast cells have differing requirements for the induction of IL-9 production. Il9 CNS-25 is required for IL-9 production from T cells, basophils, and mast cells in a food allergy model, and deficiency in IL-9 expression results in decreased mast cell expansion. In a Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection model, we observed a similar decrease in mast cell accumulation. Although decreased mast cells correlated with higher parasite egg burden and delayed clearance in vivo, T cell deficiency in IL-9 also likely contributes to the phenotype. Thus, our data demonstrate IL-9 production in mast cells and basophils in vivo requires Il9 CNS-25, and that Il9 CNS-25–dependent IL-9 production is required for mast cell expansion during allergic intestinal inflammation.
Current promising treatment strategy for glioblastoma multiform: A review
Authors: Bahadur Sanjib , Sahu Arvind Kumar , Baghel Pragya , Saha Suman
Published: July 2019

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is a heterogeneous group of primary neoplasm resistant to conventional therapies. Due to their infiltrative nature it not fully isolated by aggressive surgery, radiation and chemotherapy showing poor prognosis in glioma patients. Unfortunately, diagnosed patients die within 1.5-2 year treatment schedule. Currently temozolomide (TMZ) is the first choice for the prognosis of GBM patients. TMZ metabolites methyl triazen imidazol carboxamide form complex with alkyl guanine alkyl transferase (O6 MGMT- DNA repair protein) induced DNA damage following resistance properties of TMZ and inhibit the overall survival of the patients. Last few decades different TMZ conjugated strategy is developed to overcome the resistance and enhance the chemotherapy efficacy. The main aim of this review is to introduce the new promising pharmaceutical candidates that significantly influence the therapeutic response of the TMZ in context of targeted therapy of glioblastoma patients. It is hoped that this proposed strategy are highly effective to overcome the current resistance limitations of TMZ in GBM patients and enhance the survival rate of the patients.
Linking sustainable local economic development to a market-based carbon control regime: Carbon restoration projects in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa using Portulacaria afra
Authors: Polak James , Snowball Jeanette
Published: July 2019

Orientation: There is growing interest in how international climate change mitigation and adaptation programmes play out at the local level.Research purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the link between land restoration and carbon sequestration projects in the Eastern Cape, using Portulacaria afra (Spekboom), and market-based approaches to address global climate change.Motivation for the study: The Eastern Cape is one of the poorest areas of the country, and there is great emphasis on the establishment of economically and environmentally sustainable, as well as socially just, local economic development (LED) initiatives. However, LED projects are often not sustainable in the long run.Research design, approach and method: A mixed methods design, using data on international carbon markets, and key stakeholder interviews with those involved in LED land restoration programmes, was used. Qualitative results were analysed using Connelly’s (2007) framework for sustainable development, which included indicators for environmental protection, economic growth and social justice.Main findings: Stakeholders perceive the long-term financial sustainability of such projects as resting on their ability to earn carbon credits, despite the current very low international carbon prices.Practical/managerial implications: The long-term success of carbon-based restoration projects may depend on the establishment of a local carbon market or continued public funding. Upfront costs of land restoration projects are high and return only starts years later.Contribution/value-add: The establishment of a South African carbon market that helps carbon sequestration LED projects to meet the technical and administrative requirements needed to sell carbon credits will be an important determinant of their sustainability.
Donations in kind: An investigation of the value for purposes of section 18A of the Income Tax Act
Authors: Nel Rudie , Klopper Nicolette
Published: July 2019

Orientation: The tax deductibility of donations in kind in terms of the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 in South Africa.Research purpose: The aim of this article is to critically analyse the provisions of section 18A(2)(a)(v) of the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 to determine the value, if any, to be indicated on a section 18A receipt. It is also investigated whether the donee or donor is responsible for determining the fair market value, if such value should be included on a section 18A receipt.Motivation for the study: Addressing uncertainty regarding which amount, if any, should be included on a section 18A receipt for tax purposes in respect of a donation in kind.Research design, approach and method: This article involves a non-empirical interpretative analysis of tax legislation and other literature. The mode of inquiry for the article is qualitative in nature and follows a doctrinal method, which is closely associated with tax research.Main findings: This article highlights the possible ambiguity in the interpretation of section 18A(2)(a)(v) of the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 and that the term ‘nature’ could be construed as including a value.Practical/managerial implications: The donor would have certain tax implications preceding a section 18A deduction which would require the donor to determine the fair market value and could enable the donor to also indicate such fair market value in respect of a donation in kind to the donee.Contribution/value-add: This article contributes to literature by highlighting the uncertainty in respect of the interpretation of tax legislation relating to section 18A.
Inkomstebelastinghantering van kliëntelojaliteitsprogram: Transaksies in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Brink Sophia M. , Viviers Herman A.
Published: July 2019

Client loyalty programmes are a common phenomenon in the South African market and, although prevalent in South Africa since the 1980s, the South African Revenue Service has issued no guidance on the income tax treatment of client loyalty programme transactions in the hands of the consumer. Benefits received in the form of goods, services or discounts from a client loyalty programme are currently not subject to normal South African income tax. The main objective of the research was to investigate whether the existing provisions in the Income Tax Act and related case law provide the basis for taxing client loyalty programmes in the hands of the consumer as natural person. In order to meet this objective local and international literature was analysed to determine the correct income tax treatment and it was found that points or miles received by a consumer meet all the requirements of the “gross income” definition and as a result should be taxable.
A critical analysis of the barriers to entry for small business owners imposed by Sections 12E(4)(a)(iii) and (d) and paragraph 3(b) of the Sixth Schedule Of The Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962
Authors: Willemse Leonard C.
Published: July 2019

According to National Treasury’s Explanatory Memorandum on the Revenue Laws Amendment Bill, 2008, small businesses in South Africa are instrumental in the growth of the South African economy as they are a source of job creation and a counter to poverty. Research, however, indicates that small businesses face many obstacles, such as relatively high tax compliance costs. It was, therefore, proposed in the 2008 Budget Review that a turnover tax system be implemented for micro businesses with a turnover of up to R1 million per annum to simplify the tax compliance process. Similarly, section 12E was introduced earlier in the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 to offer additional income tax relief to small business owners. Sections 12E(4)(a)(iii) and (d) and paragraph 3(b) of the Sixth Schedule, however, prevent certain small business owners from making use of these concessions. This article investigates these barriers to entry and explores possible solutions to the problems presented by them.
A shift-share analysis of job creation in the Platinum SDI during its first decade (1996-2006)
Authors: Kleynhans Ewert , Claassen Carike
Published: July 2019

This study evaluates the performance of the Platinum Spatial Development Initiative (SDI) development corridor in South Africa, which was initiated during 1996. Next to descriptive data, the study employed shift-share analysis to investigate the economic growth and job creation potential of the manufacturing industries in the SDI region. Analysis of the North West Province was also done to enable comparison with the Platinum SDI. The results revealed that development in the Platinum SDI since 1996 was slightly better than the rest of the province. Sectors with the highest potential were wood and paper products, food and beverages, electronics, furniture and metal products, which merit attention in future development initiatives. Economic growth in the Platinum SDI was, in most cases, better than the rest of the province, and the industrial mix and regional competitive share effects had strong effect on employment and growth in specific sectors.
The determinants of subjective well-being in South Africa: An exploratory enquiry
Authors: Blaauw Derick , Pretorius Anmar
Published: July 2019

The study of subjective well-being is no longer on the periphery of study in the field of economics. A significant body of literature exists on the determinants of subjective well-being in the developed world. This paper uses the first wave of the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) dataset to investigate the determinants of subjective well-being in South Africa, involving a broad range of economic, socio-economic and attitudinal variables identified from literature. Ordinary Least Squares and ordered probit estimations reveal that age, race, level of income, years of education, gender, marital status and the number of children explain varying levels of well-being. Unlike studies in the developed world, respondents’ height, health and residence in urban areas do not explain well-being. Two of the surprising findings point towards the significant influence of religion and provincial location in determining well-being in South Africa.
Responsible investing in South Africa: A retail perspective
Authors: Viviers Suzette , Firer Colin
Published: July 2019

This research addresses a gap in the literature on responsible investing (RI) in South Africa by studying the risk-adjusted performance of RI unit trusts available to retail investors. The Sharpe, Sortino and Upside-potential ratios for 16 RI unit trusts, their benchmarks and a matched sample of conventional unit trusts were calculated for the period 1 June 1992 – 31 August 2011. Most of the RI unit trusts in South Africa use exclusionary screens based on Shari’ah (Islamic) law with the remaining funds focusing on social issues, such as labour relations and social development. The total expense ratios of RI unit trusts are slightly higher than those of conventional funds, but no different from that of their benchmarks or a matched sample of conventional unit trusts. It is suggested that local assets managers expand the range of retail RI unit trusts available in the country.
Applying lessons learnt from deficiencies in the basel accords to Solvency II
Authors: Jacobs Johann , Van Vuuren Gary
Published: July 2019

Solvency II is the new European Union (EU) legislation that will review the capital adequacy regime for the insurance industry. Considerable progress has been made in the banking sector with the implementation of the Basel Accords (Basel). The implementation of Solvency II, therefore, brings with it an opportunity for the insurance industry to assess the successes, weaknesses and shortcomings experienced by the banking sector's implementation of Basel so as to learn from them and ensure that Solvency II's implementation duplicates the successes and avoids the failures of Basel's. This article critically explores weaknesses and failures of Basel which were exacerbated and/or exploited by the financial crisis of 2007-2010 and provides advice on how these might be mitigated or avoided in the implementation of Solvency II.
Book Reviews
Authors: Zucchi Jane , De Charmoy S
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
Whiplash injuries: Treatment related to pathology and stages of healing
Authors: David Helen
Published: July 2019

Whiplash patients present a challenge to physiotherapists because of the variability of clinical presentations and the unpredictability of the outcome of treatment. Recent literature, which may provide some clues to this situation, is discussed. The clinical implications are that physiotherapy treatments should be carefully graded and non-aggressive. Twelve whiplash patients were treated according to these guidelines and their data were analysed.
The SA Journal of Physiotherapy in the international context
Authors: Roux Lo-an
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
The Art of the Artistic Director
Authors: Haydon Christopher
Published: July 2019

Every theatre is different – its programming particular, its space idiosyncratic and its place in the market distinctive.

Thus the demands for the management of any theatre will be unique to that building’s practical and artistic needs. The artistic director is at the helm of this delicate balancing act, weighing up the commercial and creative imperatives in a constant effort to maintain a successful producing house. The job can’t be taught, necessarily, but there is a lot to be learned from those working in that role at some of the world’s most important theatres.

In The Art of the Artistic Director, Christopher Haydon (Artistic Director of the Gate, “London’s most relentlessly ambitious theatre” – Time Out) compiles a unique set of interviews to get to the heart of what it is to occupy this most unique of roles. Providing short contextual essays outlining the importance and ambitions of each interviewee, the author interviews 20 of the most prominent and successful artistic directors in the US and UK including Oskar Eustis (Public Theater, New York), Diane Pulus (American Repertory Theatre, Boston), Rufus Norris (National Theatre, London) and Vicky Featherstone (Royal Court Theatre, London), uncovering the essential skills and talents that go into making an accomplished artistic director.

The only book of its kind available, The Art of the Artistic Director includes a foreword by Michael Grandage, former Artistic Director of the Sheffield Crucible and the Donmar Warehouse in London.
Modern American Drama: Playwriting in the 1940s
Authors: Hardison Londré Felicia
Published: July 2019

The Decades of Modern American Drama series provides a comprehensive survey and study of the theatre produced in each decade from the 1930s to 2009 in eight volumes. Each volume equips readers with a detailed understanding of the context from which work emerged: an introduction considers life in the decade with a focus on domestic life and conditions, social changes, culture, media, technology, industry and political events; while a chapter on the theatre of the decade offers a wide-ranging and thorough survey of theatres, companies, dramatists, new movements and developments in response to the economic and political conditions of the day. The work of the four most prominent playwrights from the decade receives in-depth analysis and re-evaluation by a team of experts, together with commentary on their subsequent work and legacy. A final section brings together original documents such as interviews with the playwrights and with directors, drafts of play scenes, and other previously unpublished material.

The major playwrights and their works to receive in-depth coverage in this volume include:Eugene O’Neill: The Iceman Cometh (1946), A Moon for the Misbegotten (1947), Long Day’s Journey Into Night (written 1941, produced 1956) and A Touch of the Poet (written 1942, produced 1958);Tennessee Williams: The Glass Menagerie (1944), A Streetcar Named Desire (1947), and Summer and Smoke (1948);Arthur Miller: All My Sons (1947), Death of a Salesman (1949) and The Crucible (1953);Thornton Wilder: Our Town (1938), The Skin of Our Teeth (written in 1942), Shadow of a Doubt (1943) and The Alcestiad (written 1940s).
Affect Theory and Comparative Education Discourse
Authors: Epstein Irving
Published: July 2019

What does educational policy-making and institutional practice entail in an era of globalization? Global interactions challenge conventional assumptions governing the certainty of geographical boundedness; simplistic notions of citizenship and identity; fixed notions of time, space and movement, and clear distinctions between economic modes of production and consumption.

Irving Epstein argues that conventional educational institutions and the policies that support them tend to ignore such anxiety by affirming a belief in educational modernism to the exclusion of other possibilities. What is missing in most of these analyses is an appreciation for the role of affect in determining how our encounters with these practices become significant and how our efforts to find meaning in those policies and practices lead to their acceptance or rejection.

This book is the first application of affect theory to comparative education themes and shows how it can help to form a more robust discussion of the policy-making process and the popular reactions to it. After discussing the key concepts associated with affect theory, he presents a total of six case studies. Three of the cases depict relationships between educational, cultural, and social organizations whose purposes conflict with one another but whose presence is indicative of a loss of faith in the efficacy of public schooling. Three of the cases are illustrative of an even greater systematic rejection of educational institutional aim and purpose.
The Trials of Margaret Clitherow
Authors: Lake Peter , Questier Michael
Published: July 2019

Thoroughly updated with newly discovered archival material, this second edition of The Trials of Margaret Clitherow demonstrates that the complicated and controversial life story of Margaret Clitherow is not as unique as it was once thought. In fact, Peter Lake and Michael Questier argue that her case was comparable to those of other separatist females who were in trouble with the law at the same time, in particular Anne Foster, also of York. In doing so, they shed new light on the fascinating stories of these unruly women whose fates have been excluded from Catholic and women narratives of the period.

The result is a work which considers the questions of religious sainthood and martyrdom through a gender lens, providing important insights into the relationship between society, the state and the church in Britain during the 16th century. This is a major contribution to our understanding of both English Catholicism and the Protestant regime of the Elizabethan period.
The Graphic Design Process
Authors: Nottingham Anitra , Stout Jeremy
Published: July 2019

One of the main challenges students face upon entering design school is little knowledge of the field, its terminology and best practices. Unsurprisingly, most new students have never fully developed a concept or visual idea, been in a critique, or have been asked to explain their work to others.

This book demystifies what design school is really like and explains what will be experienced at each stage, with particular focus on practical advice on
topics like responding to design briefs and developing ideas, building up confidence and understanding what is expected.

• Student work is critiqued to show how projects are really assessed

• Profiles highlight how professional designers themselves address client briefs

• Tips for real-life problems are outlined, like getting stuck and dealing with critical feedback

Written by experienced instructors, this is the perfect guide for those starting their design education.
For the Love of Letterpress
Authors: Saunders Cathie Ruggie , Chiplis Martha
Published: July 2019

Conveying the authors' love of the letterpress process and product, this book presents the technical, historical, aesthetic and practical information necessary for both students and instructors.

The 2nd edition of For the Love of Letterpress includes an updated gallery of contemporary images of letterpress printing, as well as a new chapter of letterpress assignments from the United States, United Kingdom and Europe. Both additions attest to the dynamic and continued relevance of the media.

The authors show how contemporary digital processes have expanded the boundaries of traditional letterpress. By writing with passion and experience, they indicate why a 15th-century printing technology based upon crafting with one's hands still has appeal and value to 21st-century artists and designers.

Whether incorporated into an academic curriculum or used for self-study, For the Love of Letterpress is a must for students who wish to learn letterpress and instructors seeking inspiration and reference.
Shakespearean Character
Authors: Marelj Jelena
Published: July 2019

Why do we continue to experience many of Shakespeare’s dramatic characters as real people with personal histories, individual personalities, and psychological depth? What is it that makes Falstaff seem to jump off the page, and what gives Hamlet his complexity? Shakespearean Character: Language in Performance examines how the extraordinary lifelikeness of some of Shakespeare’s most enigmatic and self-conscious characters is produced through language

Using theories drawn from linguistic pragmatics, this book claims that our impression of characters as real people is an effect arising from characters’ pragmatic use of language in combination with the historical and textual meanings that Shakespeare conveys to his audience by dramatic and meta-dramatic means. Challenging the notion of interiority attributed to Shakespeare’s characters by many contemporary critics, theatre professionals, and audiences, the book demonstrates that dramatic characters possess anteriority which gives us the impression that they exist outside of— and prior to— the play-texts as real people.

Jelena Marelj’s study examines five linguistically self-conscious characters drawn from the genres of history, tragedy and comedy, which continue to be subjects of extensive critical debate: Falstaff, Cleopatra, Henry V, Katherine from The Taming of the Shrew, and Hamlet. She shows that by inferring Shakespeare’s intentions through his characters’ verbal exchanges and the discourses of the play, the audience becomes emotionally involved with or repulsed by characters and it is this emotional response that makes these characters strikingly memorable and intimately human. Shakespearean Character will equip readers for further work on the genealogy of Shakespearean character, including minor characters, stock characters, and allegorical characters.
Shakespeare and the Politics of Nostalgia
Authors: Tsukada Yuichi
Published: July 2019

In 1603, Queen Elizabeth I died and King James I inherited the English throne. During James’s reign, England continued to hark back to Elizabeth, comparing him with his predecessor – not always in a way that was either flattering or pleasing to James. Critics have traditionally assumed that Shakespeare avoided involving himself in this discourse. In this study of Shakespeare‘s Jacobean plays, however, Yuichi Tsukada demonstrates that, far from not involving himself in the phenomenon of nostalgia for Elizabeth, Shakespeare interacted closely with retrospective writings on Elizabeth and illuminated the complex politics behind the nostalgia. Based upon close readings of Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, Cymbeline and Henry VIII, together with a range of plays by Shakespeare‘s contemporaries, including Thomas Heywood, Thomas Dekker, George Chapman, John Marston, Thomas Middleton and Ben Jonson, the book traces the ongoing cultural negotiation of the memory of Elizabeth.

Yuichi Tsukada offers fresh insights into enigmatic aspects of Shakespeare’s Jacobean drama. For instance, what was the original significance of the two contentious prophecies – ‘none of woman born‘ and the march of Birnam Wood – in Macbeth? Or that of the seemingly out-of-place triumphal procession of Volumnia near the tragic end of Coriolanus? Although her memory recurred in all forms of discourse throughout the first decade of James’s reign, the impact of this cultural undercurrent on Shakespeare’s Jacobean drama has been ignored or underestimated. Shakespeare and the Politics of Nostalgia reveals the unnoticed richness of Shakespeare’s Jacobean drama by focusing on the growing cultural and political nostalgia for England’s dead queen.
Engaging with Linguistic Diversity
Authors: Little David , Kirwan Déirdre
Published: July 2019

Engaging with Linguistic Diversity describes an innovative and highly successful approach to inclusive plurilingual education at primary level. The approach was developed by Scoil Bhríde (Cailíní), Blanchardstown, as a way of converting extreme linguistic diversity – more than 50 home languages in a school of 320 pupils – into educational capital. The central feature of the approach is the inclusion of home languages in classroom communication.

After describing the national context, the book traces the development of Scoil Bhríde’s approach and explores in detail its impact on classroom discourse, pupils’ plurilingual literacy development, and their capacity for autonomous learning. The authors illustrate their arguments with a wealth of practical evidence drawn from a variety of sources; pupils’ and teachers’ voices are especially prominent. The concluding chapter considers issues of sustainability and replication and the implications of the approach for teacher education.

The book refers to a wide range of relevant research findings and theories, including translanguaging, plurilingual and intercultural education, language awareness and language learner autonomy. It is essential reading for researchers and policy-makers in the field of linguistically inclusive education.
The Ethical Imagination in Shakespeare and Heidegger
Authors: Amato Andy
Published: July 2019

While large bodies of scholarship exist on the plays of Shakespeare and the philosophy of Heidegger, this book is the first to read these two influential figures alongside one another, and to reveal how they can help us develop a creative and contemplative sense of ethics, or an 'ethical imagination'.

Following the increased interest in reading Shakespeare philosophically, it seems only fitting that an encounter take place between the English language’s most prominent poet and the philosopher widely considered to be central to continental philosophy. Interpreting the plays of Shakespeare through the writings of Heidegger and vice versa, each chapter pairs a select play with a select work of philosophy. In these pairings the themes, events, and arguments of each work are first carefully unpacked, and then key passages and concepts are taken up and read against and through one another. As these hermeneutic engagements and cross-readings unfold we find that the words and deeds of Shakespeare’s characters uniquely illuminate, and are uniquely illuminated by, Heidegger’s phenomenological analyses of being, language, and art.
History in Times of Unprecedented Change
Authors: Simon Zoltán Boldizsár
Published: July 2019

Our understanding of ourselves and the world as historical has drastically changed since the postwar period, yet this emerging historical sensibility has not been appropriately explained in a coherent theory of history. In this book, Zoltán Simon argues that instead of seeing the past, the present and the future together on a temporal continuum as history, we now expect unprecedented change to happen in the future (in visions of the future of technology, ecology and nuclear warfare) and we look at the past by assuming that such changes have already happened.

This radical theory of history challenges narrative conceptualizations of history which assume a past potential of humanity unfolding over time to reach future fulfillment and seeks new ways of conceptualizing the altered socio-cultural concerns Western societies are currently facing. By creating a novel set of concepts to make sense of our altered historical condition regarding both history understood as the course of human affairs and historical writing, History in Times of Unprecedented Change offers a highly original and engaging take on the state of history and historical theory in the present and beyond.
Faith and Fashion in Turkey
Authors: Alimen Nazlı
Published: July 2019

Turkey has witnessed remarkable sociocultural changes. Arguably, the most significant of these is the increased visibility and acceptability of observant Muslims who display visible clues to their religious identities, such as men with well-trimmed and thin moustaches, and veiled women, in various public spaces, particularly in ‘secular’ neighbourhoods and commercial areas such as Nişantaşı and İstinye Park mall.
Shakespeare in the Theatre: Cheek by Jowl
Authors: Kirwan Peter
Published: July 2019

Cheek by Jowl, founded by Declan Donnellan and Nick Ormerod in 1981, is one of the world’s most critically acclaimed classical theatre companies. Across seventeen productions of Shakespeare (as well as several by his contemporaries and other European dramatists), Cheek by Jowl’s experiments with text, space, light and bodies have produced bold reinventions of canonical and lesser-explored plays. Despite the pre-eminence of the company, its multiple awards and central place in the European repertory, this is the first substantive study of the company’s body of work.

This book situates Cheek by Jowl’s work within the key institutions and traditions that have shaped the company’s development from low-budget beginnings at the Edinburgh Festival to international celebration, while also focusing specifically on the company’s use of Shakespeare to drive forward its practice. Drawing on the company’s work in English, Russian and French, the book uses key productions as case studies to interrogate the company’s unique style and build an argument for the distinctive insights offered by Cheek by Jowl’s approach.

The book draws on new interviews with creative and administrative company members from the full span of Cheek by Jowl’s history as well as a full appraisal of the Cheek by Jowl archives, offering the first scholarly overview of the company’s work.
Robert Lepage/Ex Machina
Authors: Reynolds James
Published: July 2019

Robert Lepage/Ex Machina: Revolutions in Theatrical Space provides an ideal introduction to one of our most innovative companies – and a much-needed and timely reappraisal of Lepage’s oeuvre. International, interdisciplinary and intercultural to the core, Ex Machina have negotiated some of the most complex creative and cultural challenges of our time. This book maps the story of that journey by analysing the full spectrum of their richly varied work. Through a comprehensive historiography of productions since 1994, Robert Lepage/Ex Machina offers a detailed picture of the relationship between director and company, while connecting Ex Machina to culturally specific features of Québec, and its theatre. This book reveals for the first time how overlooked aspects of creativity and culture shaped the company’s early work, while installing a dynamic interplay between director and company that would spark a unique and ongoing evolution of praxis. Central to this re-evaluation of practice is the book’s identification of an architectural aesthetic at the heart of Ex Machina’s work, an aesthetic which provides its artistic and political centres of gravity. Moreover, this architectural aesthetic powers the emergence of concrete narrative as a new and distinctive mode of theatrical storytelling – uniting story and space, body and technology, content and form – and demanding that we discover the politics of these performances in the energetic gestures of theatre design, and space itself. Drawing on extensive interviews with Lepage, Ex Machina personnel and collaborative partners, Robert Lepage/Ex Machina calls upon us to revise both our creative and critical perceptions of this vital and distinctive practice.
Manic Street Preachers’ The Holy Bible
Authors: Evans David
Published: July 2019

In August 1994, Manic Street Preachers released The Holy Bible, a dark, fiercely intelligent album that explored such themes as mental illness, murder and war. Richey Edwards, the band’s lyricist and motive force, vanished five months later; he was never found. In his absence The Holy Bible entered the rock canon alongside Joy Division’s Closer and Nirvana’s In Utero, the valedictory works of troubled young men.

This book tells the dramatic story of Manic Street Preachers' masterpiece. Tracing the album's origins in the Valleys, an industrialised region of South Wales where the band spent their formative years, the author argues that The Holy Bible can be seen as a meditation on the uses and abuses of history.
Curating Pop
Authors: Baker Sarah , Istvandity Lauren , Nowak Raphaël
Published: July 2019

Curating Pop speaks to the rapidly growing interest in the study of popular music exhibitions, which has occurred alongside the increasing number of popular music museums in operation across the world. Focusing on curatorial practices and processes, this book draws on interviews with museum workers and curators from 19 museums globally, including the Country Music Hall of Fame in Nashville, the Museum of Pop Culture in Seattle, and the PopMuseum in Prague. Through a consideration of the subjective experiences of curators involved in the exhibition of popular music in museums in a range of geographic locations, Curating Pop compares institutional practices internationally, illustrating the ways in which popular music history is presented to visitors in a wider sense.
Potato
Authors: Earle Rebecca
Published: July 2019

Object Lessons is a series of short, beautifully designed books about the hidden lives of ordinary things.

Baked potatoes, Bombay potatoes, pommes frites . . . everyone eats potatoes, but what do they mean? To the United Nations they mean global food security (potatoes are the world’s fourth most important food crop). To 18th-century philosophers they promised happiness. Nutritionists warn that too many increase your risk of hypertension. For the poet Seamus Heaney they conjured up both his mother and the 19th-century Irish famine.

What stories lie behind the ordinary potato? The potato is entangled with the birth of the liberal state and the idea that individuals, rather than communities, should form the building blocks of society. Potatoes also speak about family, and our quest for communion with the universe. Thinking about potatoes turns out to be a good way of thinking about some of the important tensions in our world.

Object Lessons is published in partnership with an essay series in The Atlantic.
Critical Theory Between Klein and Lacan
Authors: Allen Amy , Ruti Mari
Published: July 2019

Critical Theory Between Klein and Lacan explores convergences and divergences in the psychoanalytic theories of Melanie Klein and Jacques Lacan, with a special focus on the implications of their work for critical theory, broadly construed. The book is co-authored in the form of a dialogue between Amy Allen, a prominent representative of Frankfurt School critical theory with expertise on Klein, and Mari Ruti, a leading Lacanian critical theorist.

Klein and Lacan are among the two most important and influential psychoanalytic theorists after Freud. Their work has profound implications for how we understand subjectivity, intersubjectivity, autonomy, agency, desire, affect, trauma, history, and the potential for individual and social change. Allen and Ruti offer distinctive interpretations of Klein and Lacan that not only bring out their complexities but also highlight productive points of convergence where most psychoanalytic and critical theorists see irreconcilable differences. The book is organized around key themes that cut across and through the work of Klein and Lacan, culminating in an assessment of the implications of their theories for thinking about politics.
Reactive nitrogen (NOy) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter
Authors: Arsenovic Pavle , Damiani Alessandro , Rozanov Eugene , Funke Bernd , Stenke Andrea , Peter Thomas
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) affects the
chemistry of the polar middle atmosphere by producing reactive nitrogen
(NOy) and hydrogen (HOx) species, which then catalytically destroy
ozone. Recently, there have been major advances in constraining these
particle impacts through a parametrization of NOy based on high-quality
observations. Here we investigate the effects of low (auroral) and middle
(radiation belt) energy range electrons, separately and in combination, on
reactive nitrogen and hydrogen species as well as on ozone during Southern
Hemisphere winters from 2002 to 2010 using the SOCOL3-MPIOM chemistry-climate model. Our results show that, in the absence of solar proton events, low-energy electrons produce the majority of NOy in the polar mesosphere
and stratosphere. In the polar vortex, NOy subsides and affects ozone
at lower altitudes, down to 10 hPa. Comparing a year with high electron
precipitation with a quiescent period, we found large ozone depletion in the
mesosphere; as the anomaly propagates downward, 15 % less ozone is found
in the stratosphere during winter, which is confirmed by satellite
observations. Only with both low- and middle-energy electrons does our model
reproduce the observed stratospheric ozone anomaly.
A new look at the environmental conditions favorable to secondary ice production
Authors: Korolev Alexei , Heckman Ivan , Wolde Mengistu , Ackerman Andrew S. , Fridlind Ann M. , Ladino Luis , Lawson Paul , Milbrandt Jason , Williams Earle
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study attempts identification of mechanisms of secondary ice production (SIP) based on the observation of small faceted ice crystals (hexagonal plates or columns) with characteristic sizes smaller than 100 μm. Due to their young age, such small ice crystals can be used as tracers for identifying the conditions for SIP. Observations reported here were conducted in oceanic tropical mesoscale convective systems (MCS) and mid-latitude frontal clouds in the temperature range from 0 °C to −15 °C heavily seeded by aged ice particles. It was found that both in MCSs and frontal clouds, SIP was observed right above the melting layer and extended to the higher altitudes with colder temperatures. It is proposed that the initiation of SIP above the melting layer is related to the circulation of liquid drops through the melting layer. Liquid drops formed via melting ice particles are advected by the convective updrafts above the melting layer, where they impact with aged ice, freeze and shatter. The ice splinters generated by shattering initiate the chain reaction of SIP. The size of the splinters generated during SIP were estimated as 10 μm or less. In most SIP cases, small secondary ice particles spatially correlated with liquid phase, vertical updrafts and aged rimed ice particles. However, in many cases neither graupel nor liquid drops were observed in the SIP regions, and therefore, the conditions for an active Hallett-Mossop process were not met. A principal conclusion of this work is that the freezing drop shattering mechanism is alone among established SIP mechanisms is plausibly accounting for the measured ice concentrations in the observed conditions. No other SIP mechanisms could be confidently identified from the airborne in-situ observations.