bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online promotion dan shopping motivation: apakah berpengaruh terhadap compulsive buying?
Authors: Arini Widiastuti , Jessica Putri Tiara , Yuanita Tiffany , Manaf Peri A.
Published: November 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, all people in Indonesia must limit social interaction. In addition, this social restriction rule requires shopping centers to close, making consumers have to switch to making purchases online. This study aims to measure the most fit overall interaction relationship between the characteristics of shopping motivation and online promotion on compulsive buying. Primary data was obtained from a questionnaire that was filled out online by 246 respondents domiciled in Jabodetabek who met the requirements, namely buying clothes in April-July 2020. The data were analyzed using the F test and beta-beta coefficient test to determine the suitability and influence of each aspect. The test results show that hedonic shopping motivation has no suitability and is not influenced by online promotion of compulsive buying. The three dimensions of shopping motivation have compatibility and are directly influenced by online promotion, namely utilitarian motivation, peer influence, and social comparison. The three dimensions of motivation are influenced by online promotion, the dimensions of the discount size and time restriction. Based on this, the discount size and time restriction promotion methods are the most effective online promotion strategies to attract buyers.
Pengungkapan Corporate Sosial Responsibility dan pemilihan audit independen
Authors: Lukman Loe Davina Clarissa , Eriandani Rizky
Published: November 2021

This research was conducted  to know the effect of voluntary corporate social responsibility on the request for independent audit selection with company characteristics as control and to know the influence of CSR disclosure on audit fees. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in the research is manufacturing industry sector companies located on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period 2017 to 2019. Samples in the study amounted to 435 manufacturing industry sectors that have met the criteria as research objects. The results obtained in this study show that CSR disclosure has a significant influence on independent audit selection. CSR does not have a significant influence on audit fees. The conclusion taken from the study is that CSR disclosure variables have a significant negative on the selection of audit independent with company characteristics as control.
High Fluorescence Lymphocyte Count and Immature Platelet Fraction; “Can these Two Parameters Reliably Distinguish between Dengue and ITP?”
Authors:   Department of Diagnostic Hematology, National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan., Hassan Jawad , Waheed Samra ,   Department of Diagnostic Hematology, National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan., Abid Madiha ,   Research Department, National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan., Shamsi Tahir Sultan ,   Department of Clinical Hematology, National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Objective: Thrombocytopenia is a frequent finding in Dengue fever. Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a diagnosis of exclusion and is not associated with febrile illness. Ignoring fever, low platelet count and clinical signs may be similar in both conditions. Peripheral film finding in Dengue fever shows many reactive lymphocytes. Enumeration of these reactive lymphocytes as high fluorescence lymphocyte count (HFLC) and computing immature fraction of platelets (IPF) may be useful in differentiating these two disorders as soon as the blood sample is analyzed on XN-1000 hematology analyzer. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow transplantation from January to July 2019 during (Dengue season); blood samples from emergency room were analyzed on XN-1000 hematology analyzer for complete blood count and IPF. Samples with thrombocytopenia were checked for IPF count and HFLC from the extended research parameter data of the analyzer. Patients presenting with fever, had Dengue NS-1 tested. Detailed history & examination was recorded from the patients. Results: Out of the 124 patients, 62 (50%) patients of Dengue and ITP respectively. Male to female ratio was 2:1. Mean age in Dengue was 25.52±10.46 years while 34.44 + 20.82 years in ITP group. Mean platelet count was significantly higher in dengue than ITP patients (120.59 ± 80.28 x109/L versus 41.84 ±38.62 x109/L) (p<0.001). HFLC was 11.71± 7.17% in Dengue fever while 0.198±0.25% in ITP patients whereas IPF in ITP group was 21.91 ± 16.09% while 8.79± 4.39%in Dengue patients were found to be significant i.e. (p<0.001). Conclusion: Excluding fever, thrombocytopenia, presence of increased number of HFLC and low or normal IPF can reliably a predictor of a diagnosis in Dengue season. Keywords: High fluorescence lymphocyte counts, Immature platelet functions, Dengue, Immune thrombocytopenia, Resource constraint Laboratories, Research parameters.
Olanzapine in Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan., Hussain Syed Saad , Rahman Fasiha Abdul ,   Department of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan., Iqbal Sarmad ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Objective: Patients diagnosed with cancer and undergoing chemotherapeutic regimen often anticipate many negative effects of the therapy. Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting is of their principal concerns which remains one of the most unpleasant, distressing and feared adverse effect. The management of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting has always been a challenge for high and moderate emetogenic chemotherapeutic agent. D2-receptor antagonists were the first agents to produce antiemetic effect. Then 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and NK1 receptor antagonist were developed which proved to possess higher selective antiemetic effect compared to D2 receptor antagonist. This review includes the clinical advancements of an atypical antipsychotic agent olanzapine and its role in chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. Olanzapine is traditionally used to treat schizophrenia and manic disorder. But recent clinical studies have illustrated its additional therapeutic effect as an antiemetic agent. This advancement may prove to have beneficial effect in managing chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and providing a better quality of life to patient being treated with different chemotherapeutic agents. Keywords: Anti-emetic, CINV, Chemotherapy, Anti-psychotic, Emetogenicity, Clinical Trial.
Effect of Vugs on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation with Phase Field Method
Authors: Zeng Qingdong , Liu Wenzheng , Yao Jun
Published: November 2021

The interaction between hydraulic fracture and vugs affects the formed fracture pattern, which is of great significance for developing carbonate reservoirs efficiently. To investigate the effect of vugs on hydraulic fracture propagation, a hydromechanical coupling model is established based on the phase field method. Fluid flow in the porous media with vug is described by using phase field indicator functions. The pressure, displacement, and phase fields are solved by finite element approximation and iterative method, and the proposed model is validated against analytical solution. Some influencing factors including vug geometry and property are analyzed, and results show that the vug has important impact on hydraulic fracture propagation. The fracture diverts to the vug, and it could propagate across a small vug but be arrested by a large vug. As the distance between fracture and vug increases, the effect becomes weaker until it disappears. Besides, the modulus of vug fillings determines the fracture propagation pattern. The increase of vug filling modulus makes the fracture direct crossing difficult. The study could provide some guidance for hydraulic fracturing design of carbonate reservoirs.
Thermal Gradient Ring Reveals Thermosensory Changes in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice
Authors: Sasajima Sachiko , Kondo Masaki , Ujisawa Tomoyo , Motegi Mikio , Hayami Tomohide , Asano Saeko , Asano-Hayami Emi , Nakai-Shimoda Hiromi , Inoue Rieko , Yamada Yuichiro , Miura-Yura Emiri , Morishita Yoshiaki , Himeno Tatsuhito , Tsunekawa Shin , Kato Yoshiro , Nakamura Jiro , Kamiya Hideki , Tominaga Makoto
Published: November 2021

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) includes symptoms of thermosensory impairment, which are reported to involve changes in the expression or function, or both, of nociceptive TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels in rodents. In the present study, we did not find changes in the expression or function of TRPV1 or TRPA1 in DPN mice, although thermal hypoalgesia was observed in a murine model of DPN or TRPV1–/– mice with a plantar test, which specifically detects temperature avoidance. With a Thermal Gradient Ring in which mice can move freely in a temperature gradient, temperature preference can be analyzed, and we clearly discriminated the temperature-dependent phenotype between DPN and TRPV1–/– mice. Accordingly, we propose approaches with multiple behavioral methods to analyze the progression of DPN by response to thermal stimuli. Attention to both thermal avoidance and preference may provide insight into the symptoms of DPN.
Hourly Analysis of Mechanical Ventilation Parameters in Critically Ill Adult Covid-19 Patients: Association with Mortality
Authors: Fariña-González Tomás F. , Núñez-Reiz Antonio , Latorre Julieta , Calle-Romero Maria , Yordanov-Zlatkov Viktor , Alonso-Martinez Patricia , Domingo-Marín Sara , Sánchez-García Miguel
Published: November 2021

Objective: there exists controversy about the pathophysiology and lung mechanics of COVID-19 associated ARDS, because some report severe hypoxemia with preserved respiratory system mechanics, contrasting with “classic” ARDS. We performed a detailed hourly analysis of the characteristics and time course of lung mechanics and biochemical analysis of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for COVID-19-associated ARDS, comparing survivors and non-survivors.Methods and measurements: retrospective analysis of the data stored in the ICU information system of patients admitted in our hospital ICU that required invasive mechanical ventilation due to confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia between March 5th and April 30th, 2020. We compare respiratory system mechanics and gas exchange during the first ten days of IMV, discriminating volume and pressure controlled modes, between ICU survivors and non-survivors.Results: 140 patients were analyzed, analyzing 11,138 respiratory mechanics recordings. Global mortality was 38.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR 1,092, 95% (CI 1,014-1,176)), previous use of ACEI/ARBs (OR 4,612, (95% CI 1,19-17,84)) and need of renal replacement therapies (OR 10,15, (95% CI 1,58-65,11)) were associated with higher mortality. Respiratory variables start to diverge significantly between survivors and non-survivors after the 96 to 120 hours from mechanical ventilation initiation, particularly respiratory system compliance. In non survivors, mechanical power at 24 and 96 hs was higher regardless ventilatory mode. Conclusions: in patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and requiring mechanical ventilation, non survivors have different respiratory system mechanics than survivors in the first 10 days of ICU admission. We propose a checkpoint at 96-120 hs to assess patients` improvement or worsening in order to consider escalating to extracorporeal therapies.“TAKE HOME MESSAGE”: assessing respiratory mechanics in the first 96-120 hs from ICU admission could predict the outcome of Covid-19 patients under mechanical ventilation.
No Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Flies or Cockroaches in COVID-19 Positive Households
Authors: Roundy Christopher M , Hamer Sarah A. , Zecca Italo B. , Davila Edward B. , Auckland Lisa D. , Tang Wendy , Gavranovic Haley , Swiger Sonja L. , Tomberlin Jeffrey K. , Fischer Rebecca S. B. , Pauvolid-Corrêa Alex , Hamer Gabriel L.
Published: November 2021

Background:The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which continues to cause infections and mortality worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted primarily via the respiratory route and has experimentally been found to be stable on surfaces for multiple days. Flies (Diptera) and other arthropods mechanically transmit several pathogens, including turkey coronavirus. A previous experimental study demonstrated house flies, Musca domestica, can mechanically transmit SARS-CoV-2, but the ability of flies in general to acquire and deposit this virus in natural settings has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by peridomestic insects and their potential as a xenosurveillance tool for detection of the virus.Methods:In order to optimize chances of viral detection, flies were trapped in homes where at least one confirmed human COVID-19 case(s) resided. Sticky and liquid baited fly traps were deployed inside and outside of the homes of SARS-CoV-2 human cases in Brazos, Bell, and Montgomery Counties, from June to September 2020. Flies from sticky traps were identified, pooled by taxa, homogenized, and tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using qRT-PCR. Liquid traps were drained, and the collected fluid similarly tested after RNA concentration. Experimental viral detection pipeline and viral inactivation were confirmed in a Biosafety Level 3 lab. As part of a separate ongoing study, companion animals in the home were sampled and tested for SARS-CoV-2 on the same day of insect trap deployment.Results:We processed the contents of 133 insect traps from 44 homes, which contained over 1,345 individual insects of 11 different Diptera families and Blattodea.These individuals were grouped into 243 pools, and all tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Dead flies exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in a BSL3 lab were processed using the same methods and viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR. Fourteen traps in seven homes were deployed on the day that cat or dog samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by nasal, oral, body, or rectal samples.Conclusions:This study presents evidence that biting and non-biting flies are not likely to contribute to mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or be useful in xenosurveillance for SARS-CoV-2.
Non-linear association between daily dietary folate intake and cognitive performance in elder America: A population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Xiaohua , Wang Chaoqun , Wang Yan , Yuan Lingmei , Deng Li , Gao Lijie
Published: November 2021

Background
The association between daily dietary folate intake and cognitive performance in older populations is unclear.
Methods
This study aimed to investigate whether a dose-dependent association exists between dietary folate levels and cognition performance. The 2011–2014 datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were collected. Data from adults aged ≥ 60 years who completed all three cognitive tests with daily dietary data were analyzed. Weighted smooth curve fitting and multiple linear regression models were applied to study the association between folate intake and cognitive performance. Age, sex, race, education, smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and depression were adjusted using a weighted multiple regression model.
Results
Data from 1,255 participants were analyzed. The mean age of the study population was 69.3 years. Males accounted for a weighted 48.8% of the total population. Daily dietary folate was not significantly associated with delayed recall (per 10 mcg/day increment, β 0.003, 95% CI -0.002–0.009, P = 0.23). Below the cut-off of 250 mcg/day, dietary folate intake was positively associated with immediate recall (per 10 mcg/day increment, β 0.01, 95% CI 0.00–0.02, P = 0.05) and animal fluency test score (per 10 mcg/day increment, β 0.02, 95% CI 0.00–0.03, P = 0.05). However, above this cut-off, the association was not significant. Dietary folate intake was not significantly associated with an increase in the digit symbol substitution test score until dietary the folate intake reached 250 mcg/d (per 10mcg/d increment, β 0.29, 95% CI 0.05-0.53, P = 0.04).
Conclusion
Daily dietary folate intake was non-linearly associated with cognitive performance in the older American population.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole in AIDS Patients
Authors: Chen Tingting , Lin Zhiqiang , Zhang Huatang , Zhang Qingquan , Hong Limian , Wu Shuifa
Published: November 2021

Background

The safety and efficacy of Voriconazole in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients is difficult to guarantee. In this study, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of Voriconazole in AIDS patients was investigated with the aim to further verify the significance of voriconazole TDM in AIDS patients and to explore more strategies to improve individualized medication.
Methods

The data of AIDS patients who underwent voriconazole TDM in our hospital from May 2018 to August 2021 were collected. The basic information of patients, the results of voriconazole TDM, the individualized intervention, the affecting factors of voriconazole concentration were analyzed, as well as the relationship between voriconazole trough concentration and safety.
Results

A total of 46 tests of voriconazole TDM were performed in 28 AIDS patients. Only 57.14% patients reached the therapeutic range at first TDM, and 87.50% patients reached the therapeutic range after intervention based on first TDM. 21.43% patients develop voriconazole-related Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), and ADRs were mostly occurred when voriconazole concentration is above 5.0 µg/mL. Spearman correlation coefficient rs was calculated to be 0.729 for voriconazole trough concentration and the incidence of ADRs, exhibiting a significant, positive linear correlation (P=0. 017). 50% patients had polypharmacy and drug interactions are common. For example, rifampicin can significantly reduce the plasma concentration of voriconazole. Multiple linear regression analysis showed Hypoproteinemia was a significant factor affecting voriconazole trough concentration(P=0.006).
Conclusion

AIDS patients usually have a low attainment rate of voriconazole trough concentration after initiation of standard dosing regimen. The affecting factors seem multifactorial and complex, of which hypoproteinemia is of great significance. Meanwhile, we need to be alert to the effects of drug interactions. The incidence of voriconazole related ADRs is high, mostly occurring when voriconazole concentration is above 5.0 µg/mL. Therefore, TDM can provide meaningful guidance for dosage optimization of voriconazole, and the dosage adjustment method in Chinese Guideline is applicable for the population of AIDS patients.
Transfer of hatched blastocyst can result in skewed sex ratio: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Jinliang , Lian Ying , Zhuang Xinjie , Lin Shengli , Zheng Xiaoying , Li Junsheng , Liu Ping , Li Rong
Published: November 2021

Background
The correlation between blastocyst quality and birthweight, neonatal outcomes is still controversial. There is a significantly higher male: female ratio among good quality blastocysts (advanced trophoderm morphology) but in the expansion degree, the significance for sex ratio is unclear.
Methods
A total of 617 and 6803 live singleton births resulting from the transfer of fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocysts in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University Third Hospital from 2009 to 2020 were included. Live singleton births from fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer were stratified by inner cell mass/trophoderm morphology and degree of blastocoel expansion. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between expansion, inner cell mass/trophoderm morphology, and birthweight, Z score, gestational weeks. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between expansion, ICM/TE morphology and sex, neonatal outcomes.
Results
There was no significant correlation between birthweight, neonatal outcomes and blastocyst quality in fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles. However, the proportion of male infants in the hatched blastocyst (stage-6) group (67.9% vs. 54.2%; p < 0.001) [OR: 1.76 95% CI (1.34–2.32)] and hatching blastocyst (stage-5) group (61.7% vs. 54.2%; p = 0.001) [OR: 1.36 95 C.I (1.14ཞ1.62)] was significantly higher than that in the expanded blastocyst (stage-4) group.
Conclusions
The transfer of poor-quality blastocysts is unlikely to affect birthweight and neonatal health; however, transfer of stage-6 blastocysts can result in extremely skewed sex ratio.
New Approaches for Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Agave Peacockii, An Endangered Species
Authors: Delgado-Aceves Lourdes , Portillo Liberato , Folgado Raquel , Romo-Paz Felipe de Jesús , Gonzalez-Arnao Maria Teresa
Published: November 2021

More than 50% of Agave species are endemic to Mexico. Among them, Agave peacockii is listed within the list of threatened species that require special protection. In this work, we aimed at developing new supplementary strategies to achieve micropropagation and perform cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot-tips of A. peacockii. For multiplication, the addition of two cytokinins, 6-benzylaminopurine (26.6 μM) and kinetin (27.84 μM) to MS semisolid medium significantly favoured the morphogenetic response and produced the highest shoot generation (87.00±17.18) after 60 d of culture. This interaction was more effective than using the same growth regulators separately. Propagated and rooted plantlets were successfully acclimated with 100% survival and a normal morphological development during greenhouse performance. For cryopreservation, an optimized protocol following droplet-vitrification approach allowed obtaining 98% and 96% regrowth before and after cryopreservation, respectively. Shoot-tips were excised of in vitro-propagated plants, subjected to preculture on MS semisolid medium with 0.3 M sucrose for 1d, loaded in solution with 0.4 M sucrose and 1.6 M glycerol for 20 min, exposed to vitrification solution PVS2 for 15 min, and then, immersed in liquid nitrogen in droplets of PVS2 placed on aluminium foil strips. The vegetative growth of cryo-derived plants and of the in vitro propagated plants was compared under greenhouse culture conditions. No significant differences were detected in most assessed characteristics after 120 d of acclimatization. The results presented here constitute new viable biotechnological approaches for the in vitro propagation and long-term conservation of endangered Agave germplasm.
Research on Robustness of Geometric Algebra Based Adaptive Filtering Algorithms In Non-Gaussian Environment
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Yi , Li Yanping , Cao Wenming
Published: November 2021

In this paper, two new geometric algebra (GA) based adaptive filtering algorithms in non-Gaussian environment are proposed, which are deduced from the robust algorithms based on the minimum error entropy (MEE) criterion and the joint criterion of the MEE and the mean square error (MSE) with the help of GA theory. Some experiments validate the effectiveness and superiority of the GA-MEE and GA-MSEMEE algorithms in α-stable noise environment. At the same time, the GA-MSEMEE algorithm has faster convergence speed compared with the GA-MEE.
Positioning And Power Optimization For UAV-Assisted Networks In The Presence of Eavesdroppers: A Multi-Armed Bandit Approach
Authors: Cabezas Xavier Alejandro Flores , Osorio Diana Pamela Moya , Latva-aho Matti
Published: November 2021

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly attractive for the ambitious expectations for 5G and beyond networks due to their several benefits. Indeed, UAV-assisted communications introduce a new range of challenges and opportunities regarding the security of these networks. Thus, in this paper we explore the opportunities that UAVs can provide for physical layer security solutions. Particularly, we analize the secrecy performance of a ground wireless communication network assisted by two friendly UAV jammers in the presence of an eavesdropper. To tackle the secrecy performance of this system, we introduce a new area-based metric, the weighted secrecy coverage, that measures the improvement on the secrecy performance of a system over a certain physical area given by the introduction of friendly jamming. Herein, the optimal 3D positioning of the UAVs and the power allocation is addressed in order to maximize the WSC. For that purpose, we provide a Reinforcement Learning-based solution by modeling the positioning problem as a Multi-Armed Bandit problem over three positioning variables for the UAVs: angle, height and orbit radius. Our results show that there is a trade-off between expediency of the positioning of the UAVs to positions of better secrecy outcome and energy expenditure, and that the proposed algorithm efficiently converges into a stable state.
Transient dendritic cell activation diversifies the T cell response to acute infection
Authors: Spitzer Matthew , Hiam-Galvez Kamir , DeBarge Rachel , Lareau Caleb , Cho Nam Woo , Yee Jacqueline , Okholm Trine Line
Published: November 2021

The precise timing of T cell priming during infection remains unclear. Here, we mapped the cellular dynamics of all immune lineages during acute infection with Listeria
monocytogenes (Lm). We identified highly transient activation of conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) two days post-infection that functions as a critical time window for priming effector CD8 T cells. Regulation of this transient state was mediated by cDC1-extrinsic IFNγ provided by lymphocytes. Furthermore, antigen-specific T cells that are primed by cDC1s even shortly after this window of peak activation acquire only memory T cell fates. This temporal regulation of fate is recapitulated by cDC1s ex vivo, demonstrating that shifts in activation state of a single antigen presenting cell subset over time regulates CD8 T cell fates. These results uncover a novel mechanism for temporal regulation of CD8 T cell differentiation during a dynamic immune response to acute infection.
WITHDRAWN: Data Science: Trends, Perspectives, and Prospects
Authors: Borjigin Chaolemen , Zhang Chen
Published: November 2021

Data Science is one of today’s most rapidly growing academic fields and has significant implications for all conventional scientific studies. However, most of the relevant studies so far have been limited to one or several facets of Data Science from a specific application domain perspective and fail to discuss its theoretical framework. Data Science is a novel science in that its research goals, perspectives, and body of knowledge is distinct from other sciences. The core theories of Data Science are the DIKW pyramid, data-intensive scientific discovery, data science lifecycle, data wrangling or munging, big data analytics, data management and governance, data products development, and big data visualization. Six main trends characterize the recent theoretical studies on Data Science: growing significance of DataOps, the rise of citizen data scientists, enabling augmented data science, diversity of domain-specific data science, and implementing data stories as data products. The further development of Data Science should prioritize four ways to turning challenges into opportunities: accelerating theoretical studies of data science, the trade-off between explainability and performance, achieving data ethics, privacy and trust, and aligning academic curricula to industrial needs.
Study of lncRNA TUG1/miR-320 in EPC Transplantation to Improve Lower Limb Ischemia and Promote Angiogenesis in Mice
Authors: Qian Wei , Yan Qiong , Jiang Xinmiao , Nie Jungang , He Jiaqi , zhou Fangbin , Cao Xiaoyan , Kang Ting
Published: November 2021

To The aim of the current study was to investigate the changes in lncRNA TUG1/miR-320 and related proteins with ischaemic time in an ischemia model. A nude mouse model of lower limb ischemia was established by ligating the femoral artery, and laser Doppler measurements were used to demonstrate the successful establishment of the ischemia model. The cells were extracted from the bone marrow of nude mice, and the proliferation, migration and vascular-forming ability of the cells were analysed. When transplanted into ischemia model mice, blood flow measurements indicated that EPCs can speed up blood flow recovery. The results of HE staining indicated an improvement in inflammatory damage, and immunohistochemistry revealed an increase in capillaries. RT-PCR and Western blot experiments showed that the improvement of ischemia was related to an increase in lncRNA TUG1 and a decrease in miR-320 and that the expression of the related downstream proteins STAT3, VEGFR-2, Wnt-5a and β-catenin increased gradually. These changes promoted an increase in capillaries, the recovery of blood flow, and the improvement of muscle damage. Therefore, EPC transplantation can improve the inflammatory response of lower limb muscles by increasing the expression of lncRNA TUG1 and thereby accelerate the recovery of ischaemic limbs.
Thermal Stability of Silicon-Doped Tetrahedral Amorphous Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings And Improvement of Tribological Properties Through High- Temperature Annealing
Authors: Jang Young-Jun , Kim Jae-Il , Kim Won-seok , Jang Ji-Woong , Kim Dohyun , Kim Jongkuk
Published: November 2021

We report the structure, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and durability of Si-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon (Si-ta-C) coatings fabricated using simultaneous filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition and direct current unbalanced magnetron sputtering. Si doping of 1.25–6.04 at.% was achieved by increasing the unbalanced magnetron sputtering power from 25 to 175 W. Si doping provided functionality to the coating, such as heat resistance, while retaining the high hardness of ta-C coatings. The Si-ta-C coatings were stable up to 600 °C regardless of the Si content, while the coating containing 3.85 at.% Si was stable up to 700 °C. The friction behavior and mechanical properties were dependent on the coating film before and after annealing at 100–200 °C; however, annealing at 300–400 °C decreased disk wear and increased counterpart wear due to an increase in film hardness on account of an endothermic reaction that increased the number of Si–C bonds. This indicates that the basic hardness characteristics of the ta-C coating and the high-temperature structural change of the Si-ta-C coating are important for ensuring high-temperature durability. These characteristics were verified through the low coefficient of friction and wear rate of the 1.25 at.% Si-ta-C coating after annealing at 500 °C.
Total Laparoscopic Resection by Retroperitoneal Approach Using Virtual Navigation: Two Case Reports of Primary Retroperitoneal Schwannoma
Authors: Sato Yuta , matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Sugie Yuto , Kuno Masashi , Kiyama Shigeru , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Takahashi Takao , Saiki Takuya , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: November 2021

Background: We report two rare cases of retroperitoneal schwannoma completely resected by laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach aided by virtual navigation.Case presentation: These two case reports are of a 60‐year‐old man and a 40‐year‐old man with asymptomatic retroperitoneal schwannoma. In both cases, the tumors were located in the right renal hilum and were close to the duodenum, right ureter, and inferior vena cava. Simulation using three-dimensional images was performed before surgery, and a retroperitoneal approach was performed to secure a wide surgical field. During the operation, we confirmed the location of the main feeder and the relationship between the tumor and organs with those shown on the three-dimensional images and performed total laparoscopic resection.Conclusion: The retroperitoneal approach provides operative safety. Preoperative simulation and intraoperative navigation with three-dimensional images are useful methods to enhance the surgeon’s understanding of a patient’s specific anatomy and are especially effective when resecting a retroperitoneal tumor that is located in an anatomically deep and complex location.
Association of Appetite and Related Hormones (Leptin, Ghrelin) with Resting Metabolic Rate of Overweight/ Obese Women: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Hajishizari Sara , Imani Hossein , Mehranfar Sanaz , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Mirzaei khadijeh
Published: November 2021

Objective: Low resting metabolic rate (RMR) as a risk factor for weight gain and obesity can be influenced by many factors. Researchers have pointed out the role of appetite and related hormones in obesity and energy intake. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between appetite and related hormones in the two groups with normal and impaired resting metabolic rate in overweight or obese Iranian women.Methods: In this case-control study, 42 healthy female volunteers aged 18-50 years (21 cases,and 21 controls) participated and were evaluated for RMR by indirect calorimetry. Body composition was determined by a body composition analyzer. The Filint questionnaire was used to assess appetite. We also used ELISA kits to assess appetite-related hormones. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.Results: The results of the study showed that there is a negative relationship between ghrelin hormone level (p-value = 0.024) and RMR, and there is a positive relationship between insulin hormone level (p-value = 0.001) and RMR. Also, result of the appetite questionnaire showed that in general, both appetite (p-value = 0.044) and hunger index (p-value = 0.043) have a positive relationship with RMR. There was no significant relationship between leptin levels and RMR. Conclusion: As the results of this study show, it seems that appetite and related hormones have a possible role in promoting RMR.
Virus-Host Interactions Reveal Potential Roles Towards Phosphorus Cycling in South Atlantic Ocean Euphotic Zones
Authors: Lunga Percy Mutseka , Bezuidt Oliver K.I , Hirai Miho , Takaki Yoshihiro , Yokokawa Taichi , Nunoura Takuro , Murrell J. Colin , Makhalanyane Thulani
Published: November 2021

BackgroundDue to their role as obligate parasites of marine microorganisms, viruses are primary mediators of marine biogeochemical cycles. Recent studies have provided irrevocable evidence showing that viruses augment the metabolisms of bacteria and archaea through expression of auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). Several studies have shown that AMGs affect the biogeochemical recycling of sulphur and nitrogen but comparatively less is known regarding their influence on phosphorus recycling.ResultsHere, we provide the first insights regarding the potential effects of phosphorus limitation and AMGs on putative prokaryotic hosts in the euphotic zone of the South Atlantic Ocean (SAO). We identified 7,176 viral contigs that were clustered into 5,999 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs, >5kb). These SAO viral communities appear to be unique, as over 89% had no taxonomic assignment, possibly due to the genetic endemism in this ocean. Three phosphatases, phoN, gmhB and rnhA-cobC, were identified as P-cycle AMGs in both prokaryotic double-stranded DNA viruses and eukaryotic Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA viruses. These genes are associated with the acquisition of inorganic phosphate from phosphate esters, the largest reservoir of P-containing compounds in the marine environment. AMGs were identified in both uncultured and unclassified prokaryotic double-stranded DNA viruses predicted to infect Bacteriodetes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexota and Poseidonales lineages. ConclusionTogether, these results suggest that viruses modulate P-cycling in euphotic zones of the ocean and that the acquisition of these phosphatase genes may be cues of P-ester stress.
MIMO-Filtered OFDM System Improvement Using Modified Concatenated RS/LDPC Codes
Authors: Hussain Ghasan Ali
Published: November 2021

In mobile communication systems, there are errors that will be generated in the digital signal due to fading and interference. Consequently, different techniques are used to improve the system's reliability and enhance the signal's robustness. Channel coding techniques are used to enhance the system reliability of 5G wireless communication systems . In the upcoming wireless technologies, LDPC codes are still introduced as an alternative to turbo codes. However, the error floor phenomenon is one of the biggest demerits of using LDPC code in the different communication systems that need low error rates. This paper uses RS codes with LDPC codes in a concatenated code to solve this demerit of LDPC codes. Meanwhile, a modified concatenated RS/LDPC codes are created using outer RS codes with inner LDPC codes then appended by interleaver, unlike the conventional concatenated codes that use the interleaver between both codes. Thereafter, the modified concatenated RS/LDPC codes were suggested to enhance BER performance for the f-OFDM system. The results showed that using the proposed concatenated code outperformed using single and familiar concatenated RS/LDPC code in terms of improving BER performance. Meanwhile, the proposed system achieved lower OOBE values than the conventional OFDM system. Therefore, the resulted system can be introduced as a competitor candidate for 5G wireless communication systems due to these features
Response of Human Alveolar Epithelial (hAELVi) Cells to Heavy Metals in Airborne Particulate
Authors: Chang Hui-Fang , Cheng Ji-Yen
Published: November 2021

In vitro human alveolar models provide a platform to investigate the cellular behavior and activity of human lung cells for toxicity assays. However, there has been relatively rare research on the new human alveolar epithelial cell line (hAELVi) for the toxicity induced by heavy metal ions. In this study, hAELVi cells were exposed to various concentrations of Cd, As, and Zn for 24h. The morphological changes of hAELVi cells were observed after exposure to heavy metals. A high concentration of Cd, As, and Zn led to cell death. However, the cytotoxicity was not reflected by the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value after exposure to 250 μM of As and Zn. In addition, Cd at a concentration of 200 μM induced the significant production of TNF-α whereas As and Zn did not induce observable secretion of the cytokine. On the contrary, a high concentration of Cd, As, and Zn inhibited the production of IL-6. In addition, there is not a direct relationship between the metal ion cytotoxicity and the ROS production in the hAELVi cells. Accordingly, this study contributes to elucidating the cytotoxicity, TEER variation, ROS production, and cytokine secretion of hAELVi cells to acute exposure to heavy metal in vitro. The discrepancy between the cytotoxicity and the TEER result suggests that hAELVi cell cultured on permeable membrane exhibit very different behavior, which is worth pursuing.
MicroRNA-342-3p lOaded by Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomes Attenuates Deep Vein Thrombosis by Downregulating EDNRA Running Title: Exosome Delivery of miR-342-3p in DVT
Authors: Pan Zhiyu , Chen Qian , Ding Hongjian , Li Huaqing
Published: November 2021

Objective: Exosomes (exos) exert biological functions to maintain the dynamic balance of cells and tissues by transferring biological cargo to recipient cells. Thus, this study explored human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs)-derived exo transfer of microRNA (miR)-342-3p in deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods: HucMSCs were isolated and transfected with miR-342-3p antagomir/agomir. Then, hucMSCs-exos were extracted and injected into rats with DVT to observe inflammation and pathological damage in thrombotic vein. HucMSCs-exos were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro to observe angiogenesis. miR-342-3p and endothelin A receptor (EDNRA) expression in rats with DVT, as well as their interaction was analyzed.Results: miR-342-3p was downregulated and EDNRA was upregulated in rats with DVT. HucMSCs-exos induced the repair of venous thrombosis and suppressed inflammation and pathological injury in rats with DVT, as well as promoted angiogenesis of HUVECs. Upregulated miR-342-3p delivery by hucMSCs-exos alleviated DVT in rats and improved angiogenesis of HUVECs, while downregulated miR-342-3p performed oppositely. miR-342-3p targeted EDNRA, and the effect of hucMSCs-exos transfer of upregulated miR-342-3p was rescued by overexpressing EDNRA.Conclusion: Briefly, miR-342-3p loaded by hucMSCs-exos attenuates DVT by downregulating EDNRA, offering a novel direction to treat DVT.
Cross Talk Between Down Regulation of Steroidogenic Genes Expression, Oxidative and Apoptotic Biomarkers in Testes Induced by Administration of Tramadol and Boldenone and Their Combination in Male Albino Rats
Authors: Asaad Gihan F. , Mowaad Noha , El-Shamarka Marwa E.A. , Khalil Sahar
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe testis is the male reproductive gland or gonad having two vital functions - to produce both sperm and androgens, primarily testosterone.PurposeThe study aimed to investigate the effect of tramadol and boldenone injected alone or in combinatio for 2 months in rats on testicular function.MethodsGroup 1; normal control, Group 2; tramadol Hcl (TRAM) (20 mg/kg bwt.) (i.p). Group 3; boldenone undecylenate (BOLD) (5 mg/kg bwt) (i.m). Group 4; combination of TRAM (20 mg/kg bwt.) and BOLD (5 mg/kg), respectively for 2 months.ResultsTRAM and BOLD alone and in combination rats showed deteriorated testicular functions, lowered serum steroid levels (FSH, LH and testesterone), elevation in oxidative biomarkers (MDA & NO) and reduction in GSH and SOD, downregulation of StaR and HSD17B3 as well as assessment of testicular histopathological using H&E staining, PAS stain for histochemical assessment of polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the testes and Masson trichrome stain to assess the changes in the collagen fibers.ConclusionThe study illuminated the hazard of administration of these drugs for a long period as well as the prominent deleterious effects reported on concurrent use of both drugs.
Effect of in vitro aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) on the larvae of Haemonchus contortus as intestinal parasite of sheep
Authors: Medeiros Ana Flávia Lopes , Cereda Marney Pascoli Cereda , Braz Gabriel Furrer Matos
Published: November 2021

Animals feeding with cassava is frequent. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the imobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at stage L3, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Culture plates with 100 active L3 larvae per well were used, constituted a replicate of a total of three. It was placed in these wells, water extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL) macerated in water, Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as positive control and distilled water as negative one (NCW). By considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (r2 0.996). The best fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic one, which allowed to calculate the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3. 44µg.CN-.ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter, with performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves or shoots consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling Haemonchus contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 t/ha, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even in pruning for this purpose. Currently, this volume of good quality protein material is in the field, unused.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity Evaluation of Magnetite-Functionalized Eugenol
Authors: Bruckmann Franciele da Silva , Viana Altevir Rossato , Lopes Leonardo Quintana Soares , Santos Roberto Christ Vianna , Muller Edson Irineu , Mortari Sergio Roberto , Rhoden Cristiano Rodrigo Bohn
Published: November 2021

In this work, we report, for the first time, the magnetite-functionalization and biological evaluation of eugenol by the co-precipitation method employed only Fe2+ under mild conditions and control from the amount of the incorporated magnetite. Magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and hydrodynamic size distribution (Zetasizer). SEM images showed that EUG·Fe3O4 is 200 nm in size and similar in shape to a nanoflower. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of characteristic EUG and Fe3O4 bands in the EUG·Fe3O4 sample, while the XRD analysis showed that the magnetite functionalization with eugenol slightly affected the Fe3O4 crystal structure. The in vitro safety profile and cytotoxicity of free eugenol, magnetite pristine, EUG·Fe3O4 1:1, EUG·Fe3O4 1:5, and EUG·Fe3O4 1:10 was investigated using human cell lines (keratinocytes and melanoma). The results demonstrate the high biocompatibility of EUG·Fe3O4 in HaCat cells and the greater specificity for the A375 cell line. Furthermore, the magnetite-functionalized with eugenol decreased the toxic effects of free eugenol on healthy cells. Antibacterial tests were performed in different bacterial strains. The experimental data showed that among the magnetic compounds, the microorganisms were only sensitive to treatment with EUG·Fe3O4 1:1. Regarding the antibiofilm activity assay, it can be observed that only the EUG·Fe3O4 caused a significant decrease in biomass when compared to the positive control. Finally, it can be concluded that EUG·Fe3O4 proves to be a potential candidate for future studies for drug delivery of cancer and bacterial infections treatments.