bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robotika i neurofizioterapija nakon moždanog udara
Authors: Erjavec Lana , Telebuh Mirjana , Grozdek Čovčić Gordana , Delaš Kristina
Published: October 2019

Većina studija o robotima u neurorehabilitaciji
usredotočena je na njihovu učinkovitost dajući kontroverzne rezultate. Neka
istraživanja ukazuju da pacijenti nakon moždanog udara koji primaju robotski
trening potpomognutog hoda u kombinaciji s fizioterapijom postižu samostalno
hodanje lakše od onih koji nisu imali trening potpomognut robotom. Međutim,
neka klinička ispitivanja govore u prilog manualnoj terapiji. Kritičari novijih
tehnoloških pristupa ističu premali broj istraživanja učinkovitosti robotskih
uređaja, visoku cijenu, nisku razinu edukacije terapeuta s robotskim uređajima,
slabu dostupnost te manjak sigurnosti kod nekih modela. Istraživanja pokazuju
kako roboti i ostala tehnološka sredstva koja omogućuju brže kretanje tijela
nemaju ciljano djelovanje bez fizioterapeuta specijaliziranog u svojem području.
S druge strane, motiviranost pacijenata, mogućnost ponavljanja pokreta, kraće
trajanje terapije, dinamičnost, sposobnosti modifikacije raznih parametara,
objektivnost te velika mogućnost njihova daljnjeg razvoja prednosti su
suvremenih tehnologija. Roboti, kao i svi tehnološki uređaji trebali bi se
promatrati kao oruđe u rukama fizioterapeuta. Robot može ublažiti sve
intenzivne faze tjelesne rehabilitacije, čime se fizioterapeut može
usredotočiti na funkcionalnu rehabilitaciju tijekom individualnog treninga kao
i nadzor nad nekoliko pacijenata u isto vrijeme tijekom terapije uz pomoć
robota. Ovim pristupom optimizira se stručnost i vrijeme fizioterapeuta, istodobno
povećavajući učinkovitost rehabilitacijskog programa. Trenutačni broj
istraživanja nije dovoljan za definitivni zaključak koji može govoriti za suvremene
tehnologije ili protiv njih, ali uz kombiniranu primjenu manualne terapije mogu
pridonijeti bržem oporavku funkcije te većoj kvaliteti pacijentova života.
FIVE TRENDS TO WATCH IN JOURNALISM
Authors: AUSTIN Linda L.
Published: October 2019

So much is changing in journalism and media, where should you focus your attention to be prepared for the next big thing? Through statistics and cases studies, this keynote speech suggests watching these five trends: mobile, messaging apps, voice, artificial intelligence and audiences. It offers a key takeaway for each trend. Discover the implications for users and publishers as audiences consume more news via mobile devices, messaging apps and smart speakers. Identify the opportunities and pitfalls of the increased use of artificial intelligence in the creation of news stories and the increased reliance on audiences to finance newsgathering.
Analysis of the Effect of Various Types of Limestone as a Main Constituent of Cement on the Chosen Properties of Cement Pastes and Mortars
Authors: Gołaszewski J. , Cygan G. , Gołaszewska M.
Published: October 2019

The article is an attempt to compare the impact of the use of various types of limestone as the main constituent of cement on selected mortar properties. Four different limestones were added in amount of 15, 30, 40% to CEM I 42.5 R to obtain limestone cemens. Rheological properties (yield stress, plastic viscosity) of fresh mortar, tensile and compressive mortar strength, early shrinkage, and drying shrinkage were tested. Obtained results indicate that both tensile and compressive strength decreases with the increase of the limestone content in cement. Limestone can worsen or improve workability, depending on distribution of limestone grains. The addition of limestone increases the early shrinkage, but reduces the shrinkage after 28 days. Studies show that the granulation of limestone plays an important role in determining the influence of limestone on mortar properties.
Risk Analysis in the Realization of Buildings in Revitalized Areas
Authors: Sobotka A. , Radziejowska A.
Published: October 2019

Construction work on buildings covered by the revitalization program of historic urban development represents a special type of construction project in which, in the execution phase, difficult technical situations and other risk sources are being encountered. An important source of risk is the necessity to preserve a part of the historic substance, which results, among others, from the recommendations of the conservator, legal regulations or from the vision of the architect/investor. The risk is also associated with difficulties and complications in construction works resulting from the location of these objects in dense urban development. The aim of the article is to identify risk factors and reactions of contractors, i.e. applied risk management methods and techniques, based on the example of a complex of buildings constructed in the historic district of Krakow. The elimination of sources of risk, especially of a technical nature, requires the construction management to be highly skilled and experienced, to carefully prepare the construction work and to design additional solutions to ensure safety at work. The experience gained may serve as a basis for risk analysis and identification during the implementation of projects involving the use of an existing building and historic substance in areas subject to revitalization programs.
Correlation between Compressive Strengths and Water Absorption of Fly Ash Cement Mortar Immersed in Water
Authors: Huang Qian , Zhao Liang
Published: October 2019

The compressive strength and water absorption of cement mortars with different water-binder ratio (0.35, 0.45 and 0.55) and fly ash content (0, 10%, 20% and 30%) under water immersion were investigated, and the correlation between them was further analyzed. The internal microstructure and phase composition of mortar was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The results show that the inside of mortar mixed with fly ash displayed the loose and porous microstructure. Therefore, the incorporation of fly ash reduced the compressive strength of mortar, especially the early strength, and the strength decreased with the increase of fly ash content, and the water absorption of mortar also increased. There was a linear correlation between the compressive strength and water absorption of mortar with the equation: fc = −3.838β + 62.332, where fc and β represented the compressive strength and water absorption, respectively. Therefore, when the water absorption of mortar immersed in water was measured, its corresponding compressive strength could be preliminarily inferred through this equation, which was of great significance for detecting and identifying the stability and safety of hydraulic structures.
Laryngeal Mask Ventilation during Tracheostomy Improves Intraoperative Hemodynamic Stability in Patients Undergoing Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Marinov Tz. , Popov T. M. , Belitova M.
Published: October 2019

Background and objectives: Laryngectomy with extensive extirpational neck dissection is still the treatment of choice for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. During the initial part of laryngectomy – tracheostomy, there is a significant upper airway obstruction, caused by the cancer process itself and worsened by surgical pressure and manipulation during creation of tracheostomy. This study aims to make comparative assessment of the patient’s hemodynamic parameters, operated using three of the most popular approaches during tracheostomy: local anesthesia with preserved spontaneous ventilation; general anesthesia with ventilation by endotracheal intubation and general anesthesia with ventilation by laryngeal mask airway.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral center. Sixty patients with advanced laryngeal cancer appointed for total laryngectomy, were enrolled in the study. They were randomly assigned into three groups, according to the ventilation method used during the tracheostomy.

Results: Patients who underwent tracheostomy under local anesthesia displayed statistically the highest levels of SAP, DAP, MAP and heart rate intraoperatively. The group of patients who underwent tracheostomy with endotracheal intubation, also displayed significantly higher levels of hemodynamic parameters during the procedure compared with the group with laryngeal mask airway ventilation, despite the fact that both groups were under general anesthesia.

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that laryngeal mask ventilation during tracheostomy improves intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing total laryngectomy compared to endotracheal intubation.
Markers for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Microvascular Disease – Is there a Difference?
Authors: Cherneva Z. , Cherneva R. , Manov E. , Runev N.
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The clinical significance of inflammation (and markers such as resistin, hsCRP) and oxidative stress (e.g. 8-isoprostanes) for microvascular disease (MVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still elusive.

Aims: To determine the role of the markers for inflammation and oxidative stress as independent markers for MVD.

Methods: Ninety consecutive patients were recruited: twenty-five of them had CAD; thirty – MVD and thirty-five were controls. The latter included patients with atypical chest pain, risk factors, lack of coronary artery disease and negative adenosine test. Coronary angiography was performed in all participants. The adenosine test was performed in those without CAD, hs CRP, resistin in plasma and urine 8-isoprostanes were measured. The correlation of all these indicators with CAD and MVD was analyzed.

Results: The 8-isoprostanes showed significant differences between patients with MVD and CAD (0,055/0,52 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,028). The same trend was found between CAD patients and the control group (0,055/0,003 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,041); as well as between those with MVD and the control group (0,52/0,003 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,001). The highest values of 8-isoprostanes were detected in patients with MVD – 0,52 pg/mmol Cre. Markers for inflammation were similar in patients with MVD and CAD (hsCRP- p = 0,091; resistin − p = 0,32).

Conclusions: hs CRP, resistin and 8-isoprostanes are involved in the pathogenesis of both CAD and MVD. However, oxidative stress is probably more important for MVD, therefore 8-isoprostanes can be a part of panel of markers for its detection and analysis.
The Learning of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) Model in Rainfall-Runoff Processes at Pahang River Catchment
Authors: Halid D.A. , Atan I. , Jaafar J. , Ashaari Y. , Mohamed S.N. , Samsudin M.B. , Baki A.
Published: October 2019

Recently, a novel data mining technique, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) has begun attracted attention from several hydrological researchers because their application is relatively new in modelling hydrological processes. The power of this approach has been proven in variety learning problems such as financial analysis, species distributions modelling, and doweled pavement performance modelling. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of MARS model in capture the rainfall-runoff processes at river catchment of Malaysia. Pahang River has been selected as area of study. 30-years data set of daily rainfall and runoff at upstream tributaries of Pahang River were used to developed and validate the capability of MARS model in flood prediction. The effect of different length of record data to performance of MARS model was also examined by arranged the data into 5-years data set, 10 years data set, 20 years data set, and 30 years data set. All these data sets used 1-year data of 2003 for validation process while the others were applied for calibration. Simulation results showed that MARS model was able to learn the rainfall-runoff processes in Pahang River catchment and the model performance improved due to the longer period of data.
Effect of Bio Fertilizers and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Productivity and Quality of Bread Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Hafez E.M. , Badawy S.A.
Published: October 2019

Integrated nutrient management strategies involving chemical and biological fertilizer is a real challenge to stop using the high rates of agrochemicals and to enhance sustainability of crop production. In order to study the effects of biofertilizers (Cerialin and Nitrobein) and chemical nitrogen levels (0, 85,170 and 250 kg N ha−1) on yield and yield attributes of two wheat cultivars (Sakha 94 and Gemmeiza 10), an agricultural experiment in the form of strip-split factorial design with three replications was conducted in Kafr El-Sheikh region, Egypt, in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. The objective of this study was evaluation of the effects of these fertilizers separately and in integrated forms, and setting out the best fertilizer mixture. The results showed that treatment with biofertilizers and chemical nitrogen increased the growth, yield attributes, biological and grain yield. Both grain and biological yield produced a better result during the combination of nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizers than using either method alone. Using biofertilizers increased biological yield through increase in number of grains spike−1, number of spikes m−2 and 1000 grain weight, which cause to increase in grain yield with significant changes in harvest index, as well as protein content. We may conclude that using biofertilizers (Cerialin or Nitrobein) and chemical nitrogen fertilizer (170 or 250 kg N ha−1) together had the maximum impact on yield. Then, we can decrease use of chemical fertilizers through using biofertilizers.
Allelopathic Effect of Ficus benjamina Leaf Extract, Litter, and Mulch on Germination and Growth of Sunflower
Authors: Muhammad Z. ,   Rehmanullah, Inayat N. , Majeed A.
Published: October 2019

Allelopathy is an important biological process, which has direct or indirect effects on the germination and growth potentials of plants. Awareness about the allelopathic properties of plants which prevail in agricultural systems can help growers to amend crop cultivation patterns accordingly. In this study, we evaluated the allelopathic effects of Ficus benjamina on germination and early seedling growth of four hybrids of sunflower (Oliver, Parsun-3, SFH-80 and NK-S-278). Ethanolic and hot-water aqueous extracts from leaves, while litter and mulches of the test allelopathic plant significantly reduced germination, radicle and hypocotyle growth of sunflower. Germination percentage was drastically reduced in all the four sunflower hybrids by ethanolic, hot-water and litter extracts; however, compared to control, mulching assay significantly increased germination in hybrids Oliver (76%), Parsun-3 (42%), SFH-80 (78%) and NK-S-278 (30%) at 2, 4, 8 and 12g extract concentration, respectively. Hypocotyle and radicle length of test hybrids were significantly reduced in each assay type. Among tested assays, ethanolic extracts revealed more drastic effects on the studied parameters than hot-water, litter, and mulching. Sunflower hybrid NK-S-278 was more severely affected, while Parsun-3 exhibited resistance to the allelopathic stress. Inhibitory effects were more prominent with increasing concentration of the extracts. The order of the phytotoxic effects of tested bioassays was ethanolic extract˃ hot-water˃ litter˃ mulching. The study suggested that Ficus leaves may possess potent allelochemicals with growth inhibitory effects on sunflower seedlings. It is suggested that further study might be required to check the allelopathic effect of Ficus benjamina on germination and growth of these sunflower hybrids in field conditions.
Dietary Effects of Algerian Sodium Bentonite on Growth Performance and Biochemical Parameters in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Besseboua O. , Ayad A. , Hornick J.L. , Benbarek H.
Published: October 2019

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing poultry feed with graded levels of Algerian sodium bentonite (Na-B) on growth performance and the development of villus height in jejunum and some biochemical parameters during 50 days in broiler chickens. A number of 420 one-day old broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were obtained from a commercial hatchery. The birds were randomly allocated into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F). The treatments were 0 (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% of Algerian Na-B levels. The results obtained indicate clearly that weight gain in the chickens fed treatments containing 4% Na-B had greater weight gain than the chickens fed different treatments (0, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5% Na-B). Feed conversion rate (FCR) was lower birds supplemented with Na-B 4% (2.45) than control group (3.06). Maximum feed consumption was observed in the birds’ control (5,655.3 g), while the lowest was noted in the chickens with diet added 4% Na-B (5,009.5 g) (p< 0.05). The weight of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was decreased for the Algerian Na-B supplemented group, compared with the control group. The villus height was affected by dietary treatments (1%, 2%, 3% and 5%) on days 18 and 50 (p< 0.05). Feeding the supplemented graded levels Na-B resulted in an increase in plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL concentrations at 50 days of age, compared with the control group. These results showed clearly that the Na-B from Algeria can improve the growth performance in broiler chickens. Thus, dietary inclusion of Na-B had positive effect on plasma triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL values in broiler chickens at the end experiment.
Contemporary Religiosity and the Absence of Solidarity With Those in Need
Authors: Noble Ivana
Published: October 2019

The article uses an adapted version of the multidimensional theory of religion to explore changes in contemporary religiosity in Central Europe, with a special focus on the Czech Republic. It asks whether there are any possible connections between the current absence of welcome of refugees, and the fact that the dominant religiosity that replaced the secularist ideology despises religious dogmas and institutions. It asks how people believing in “something”, who do not wish to define that “something” or share its vision with others, can make an informed and healthy judgment and make themselves capable of solidarity with others. The final part of the article returns to the possibilities of strengthening precisely those dimensions of religion that have been downplayed, yet without unrealistic expectations that people would move back to the form of religiosity their parents, but more often already their great-grandparents, left behind.
How to Respond to Conflicts Over Value Pluralism?
Authors: Jonkers Peter
Published: October 2019

This paper starts with arguing that the main reason why value pluralism has become conflictual is that it challenges people’s socio-cultural identity. The next section gives a summary of recent sociological research on socio-cultural tensions and conflicts in the Netherlands and Europe. They are closely linked to “globalization issues,” such as cosmopolitism, immigration, and cultural integration. This shows that the prediction of the modernization theory, according to which substantial socio-cultural values would be replaced by a universalist, procedural ethics, has not come true. The third section discusses the philosophical reasons of the potentially conflictual character of today’s value pluralism: the fragility of socio-cultural identity, the spread of the culture of expressive individualism and the ethics of authenticity, and the influence of the (politics of) recognition of socio-cultural differences. The fourth section discusses two philosophical responses to the conflictual character of value pluralism. First, there is Taylor’s plea for a broadening of our socio-cultural horizon and a transformation of our common standards of (value-)judgments, based on his idea of a fusion of cultural horizons. In spite of its obvious merits, Taylor underestimates the degree of cultural distance that characterizes many instances of value pluralism. Second, there is an idea of cultural hospitality, which is an application of Ricoeur’s idea of linguistic hospitality to the cultural sphere. It is more modest than Taylor’s proposal, since it recognizes the unbridgeable gap that separates different cultures and their values. Another even more modest suggestion to diminish the conflictual character of value pluralism is the virtue of tolerance, which combines the idea that I have good reasons for my value attachments with the recognition that my values are not the completion of the ideal of human existence.
Pentoxifylline with metformin treatment improves biochemical parameters in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Culafic Milica , Kovacevic Sandra Vezmar , Dopsaj Violeta , Oluic Branislav , Bidzic Nemanja , Miljkovic Branislava , Culafic Djordje
Published: October 2019

Background

The progression of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is multifactorial, and there is still a lack of approved medications for its treatment. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of combined treatment with Pentoxifylline and Metformin on biochemical parameters in patients with NASH. Setting: Outpatient hepatology clinic.

Methods

A prospective trial was conducted. The first cohort included patients with biopsy-proven NASH, while the second cohort consisted of patients with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD. Blood tests were checked at baseline and every three months. Pentoxifylline at a dosage of 400 mg t.i.d. and Metformin at the dosage of 500 mg t.i.d. were introduced for six months in NASH group. The impact of the treatment was assessed based on biochemical results after combined treatment with low-cost medications.

Results

All 33 NASH patients completed 24 weeks of treatment. We observed significant improvement (p<0.05) of median values after treatment for the following parameters: serum uric acid levels decreased by 51.0 micromol/L, calcium decreased for 0.27 mmoL/L, magnesium showed an increase of 0.11 mmoL/L. Insulin resistance improved as a reduction of HOMA – IR by 1.3 was detected. A significant decrease of median in liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gammaglutamyltransferase by 24.0 IU/L, 9.1 IU/L, 10.8 IU/L respectively, was noted.

Conclusions

Pentoxifylline and Metformin may provide possible treatment option in NASH. Some new potential benefit of the therapy in improving liver function whilst decreasing cardiovascular risk was perceived.
Path Dependence and Local (Self-)Government Systems: A Comparison of three CEE Countries
Authors: Klimovský Daniel , Pinterič Uroš , Jüptner Petr
Published: October 2019

Path dependence is a concept often used by scholars in fields such as economics, economic geography, political science, law and sociology to explain recent developments. In this article, we apply the concept to support the hypothesis that the democratic revival after 1990 in the examined Central and Eastern European countries and related set-up of local (self-) government institutions were more influenced by an earlier path taken than by a more recent one. For this purpose, we undertake a content analysis of relevant legal documents and apply an in-depth comparative approach.
Participatory Budgeting in the Major Cities in Poland – Case Study of 2018 Editions
Authors: Madej Małgorzata
Published: October 2019

The paper refers to the social innovation of participatory budgeting which has become a very popular tool for stimulating citizen participation at the local level in Poland. It focuses on the major cities, defined as capitals of the voivodeships or regions. Based on the data concerning 2018 participatory budgeting editions in the eighteen cities, it describes the funding, organisation of the process, forms of voting and voter participation as well as the nature of projects selected and implemented. According to the amended Act on the Local Self-Government, organisation of participatory budgeting will only be obligatory for Polish cities from 2019. Despite that fact, it has already become quite popular and broadly applied in local communities. However, citizens’ participation and involvement in the process seems quite low, suggesting a need for experience sharing and improvement of the initiative. Also, project selection reflects the influence of various social groups within urban communities, rather than assisting groups which are at risk of marginalisation.
The fight against terrorism is not optional: cases of V4 states and their participation in the fight against IS
Authors: Hlaváčková Hana N.
Published: October 2019

This article describes attitudes of V4 states (Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland) and their activity in the fight against terrorism, and specifically in the fight against the so-called Islamic State that has appeared in 2014. In addition to applying role theory, the main aim of article is to define the roles that V4 states perform. The second aim is to give an explanation of their (non-)participation of active involvement in general in the fight against terrorism within the EU. The results showed that roles differ and only Poland is active in the fight against IS, however rest of V4 took part in passive support that relies on their size, budget and also political will. These results were observed in main statements made by policymakers of each particular state that have been done through content analysis.
Cultural context of nursing in the field of outpatient healthcare in Serbia
Authors: Stanisavljević Sanja , Kekuś Divna
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Modern world map characterizes existence of pluralistic and multicultural societies formed as a result of increased citizens’ mobility and globalization process. Cultural diversity realizes its implications in all the aspects of social functioning and in significant share through the system of healthcare. Accepting the concept of illness as a social construct, intercultural attitudes become leading principle of education and practice of healthcare workers at every level. By the nature of their profession, nurses in the primary healthcare institutions acquire key role in the process of implementation of inter-cultural principles in clinical practice, with the aim for the healthcare system to become more open and more sensitive to specific social occurrences and culturally driven healthcare need of its users.

Aim. The expected contribution of the work is oriented towards the possibility of theoretical and practical foundation of multidimensional and multi-perspective approach to healthcare.

Discussion. The discourse of the cultural context of nursing in the field of outpatient healthcare in Serbia is based on the axiomatic assumption that illness is a social construct and that sociological and anthropological perspective can change the clinical practice. The work comprises basic cultural factors as a dynamic factor of health and illness, principles, elements and significance of cultural assessment of the patient in nursing practice; presents the differences in patient’s position within the Parsons concept and contemporary concept of post-modern approach to the patient. Cultural concept of nursing in Serbia has been analyzed through the prism of “5D Cultural model” by Dr. Geert Hofsted with presentation and interpretation of its basic dimensions.

Conclusions. Healthcare system in Serbia is facing challenges of reforms – the introduction of socio-cultural aspect in creating of primary healthcare policy in the spirit of modern multicultural social tendencies. Aiming to provide quality healthcare it is necessary to understand how a society acknowledges the terms of health and illness and which cultural aspects lies in the base of individual’s behavior. If one healthcare is not founded upon cultural values then it is impossible to achieve its therapeutic goal, it will be incomplete and unsuccessful. The treatment plan and patient’s care must be individual, holistic and culturally appropriate.
Analysis of health behaviors and the significance of health among occupationally-active persons
Authors: Kordyzon Marta , Nowak-Starz Grażyna
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Health is a positive and superior value for every human being, which we want to maintain and reinforce. Health initiative skills should be developed not only in the adolescence phase, but also in the period of active participation in occupational and private life. Today, important recipients of all educational and health-promoting activities are occupationally-active persons, who reflect the state of health of the whole society through their own state of health.

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the health behavior of working persons and to obtain opinions on the value of health among occupationally-active persons.

Material and methods. The studies were conducted among working people who, in the months from February to March 2018, reported for periodic examinations to an Occupational Medicine Outpatient Clinic in a Nonpublic Healthcare Facility in Kielce. Two standardized questionnaires were used in the study: The Health Behavior Inventory and the List of Health Criteria.

Results. Women score higher on the HBI scale than men. In addition, education proved to be an important determinant of health behaviors. Respondents with primary education present a lower level of health behaviors than those with higher education. The analysis of our own studies shows that the respondents attach the highest importance to health defined as a state, a property and a purpose. For the respondents, being healthy means: “to feel good”, “not to feel any pain”, “to have all parts of the body in good condition”, “to accept oneself and know one’s capabilities” or “not to come down with illnesses, maybe with flu or indigestion at most”.

Conclusions. The main activities of long-term health education in the workplace should take into account the individual needs of workers, especially those elements which, in the workers’ assessment, constitute their own definition of health and health determinants.
The battle with uneven opponent – Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Pisaniak Paulina , Piękoś Dominika , Bąk Katarzyna , Stokłosa Patryk , Ozga Dorota
Published: October 2019

SIDS is one of the biggest problems of modern medicine. In the diagnosis of SIDS, we take into account all possible diseases that may be the cause of death, as well as factors indicating an accident or murder. The etiology of SIDS is not yet known. There are several pathogenetic concepts, most of which refer to pathophysiological changes associated with nervous system hypoplasia. The most important risk factors include the effects of tobacco smoke, obstetric history, and incorrect sleep position. The role of risk factors in the pathogenesis of SIDS and their interdependence is still the subject of many studies. There are many theories developed on this subject, but none have been supported by scientific research and which is extremely difficult to carry out in this group of newborns. In most cases, medical help finds a newborn already dead, so it is difficult to say what is the main cause or marker of cot death. A considerable success in preventing the onset of sudden infant death syndrome turned out to be educational campaigns for parents - in order to follow up, an information leaflet was prepared with the basic recommendations in the prevention of SIDS. Among the parents of newborn children there are still many controversial opinions about risk factors in the onset of sudden infant death syndrome, the article contains and explains the meaning of individual activities that are considered to predispose to SIDS.
Disease Knowledge and Treatment Adherence among Adult Patients with Thalassemia: A Cross-sectional Correlational Study
Authors: Alnaami Aisha , Wazqar Dhuha
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the disease knowledge and treatment adherence among adult patients with thalassemia.

Material and methods. A cross-sectional correlational study was carried out with a convenience sample of 100 adult patients with thalassemia from a university teaching hospital in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The Disease Knowledge about Thalassemia Major, the Treatment Adherence Scale, and sociodemographic survey were completed by participants. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Descriptive and inferential statistics and Pearson correlations were performed.

Results. The participants had a moderate level of disease knowledge (M = 15.59, SD = 2.30) and a low level of treatment adherence (M = 3.91, SD = 1.83). There was also a weak but significant positive relationship between disease knowledge and treatment adherence (r = 0.297, P = 0.041). A significant difference in treatment adherence mean scores was found among participants with different monthly incomes (P = 0.05).

Conclusions. Knowledge gained from this study may be useful in improving nurses’ understanding of the effects of providing practical knowledge on treatment adherence. Educational strategies/interventions programs may be required to improve knowledge and adherence to treatment among thalassemia patients. Longitudinal studies are also needed to test for moderators and mediators of relationships of disease knowledge and treatment adherence.
New Insights in the Pathogenesis of Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Djokovic Bojana , Jankovic Marina Gazdic , Randall Harrell C. , Fellabaum Crissy , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Volarevic Vladislav
Published: October 2019

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, efficacy and clinical utility of this drug is significantly limited by severe side effects such as nephrotoxicity which develops due to renal accumulation and biotransformation in proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity can be manifested as acute kidney injury (AKI), or as different types of tubulopathies, salt wasting, loss of urinary concentrating ability, and magnesium wasting. The attenuation of cisplatin-caused AKI is currently accomplished by hydration, magnesium supplementation or mannitol-induced forced diuresis. However, mannitol treatment causes over-diuresis and consequent dehydration, indicating an urgent need for the clinical use of newly designed, safe and efficacious renoprotective drug, as an additive therapy for high dose cisplatin-treated patients. Accordingly, we emphasized current knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms responsible for cisplatin-caused nephrotoxicity and we described in detail the main clinical manifestations of cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction in order to pave the way for the design of new therapeutic approaches that can minimize detrimental effects of cisplatin in the kidneys. Having in mind that most of cisplatin-induced cytotoxic effects against renal cells are, at the same time, involved in anti-tumor activity of cisplatin, new nephroprotective therapeutic strategies have to prevent renal injury and inflammation without affecting cisplatin-induced toxicity against malignant cells.
Extensive type B aortic dissection involving femoral arteries: clinical image
Authors: Mateus José Eduardo , Atanásio Gabriel , Valente João
Published: October 2019

Background:

Type B aortic can be a life-threatening emergency, with a 10-year survival rate ranging from 30% to 60%.

Case Presentation:

A 58-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with intense abdominal pain lasting for 2 hours. Computed tomographic angiography of the thorax and abdomen revealed extensive type B aortic dissection. Despite intensive medical therapy, blood pressure remained uncontrolled, motivating a thoracic endovascular aortic repair, with clinical improvement.

Conclusion:

History of arterial hypertension and/or the use of drugs followed by severe chest or back pain without evidence of myocardial ischemia is highly suggestive of acute aortic dissection. The goals of treatment are to control pain and maintain organ perfusion. Patients with type B aortic dissection tend to be older and are generally managed medically. However, recent papers have shown an increasing interest to consider thoracic endovascular aortic repair in patients with acute uncomplicated disease in order to prevent later complications.
Menakar tata kelola badan usaha milik desa di Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti Harjanti , Putra Wahyu Manuhara , Utami Evy Rahman , Suryanto Rudy
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi indikator-indikator tata kelola BUMDes dan mememotret praktik tata kelola BUMDes. Penelitian memberi kontribusi dalam hal (1) menyusun indikator-indikator tata kelola BUMDes, yang sejauh pengetahuan peneliti, belum ada riset sebelumnya, dan (2) memberikan gambaran awal mengenai praktik tata kelola BUMDes yang sudah berjalan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metoda penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, diskusi kelompok terpumpun dan survey. Diskusi kelompok terpumpun diikuti oleh BUMDes Amarta (Sleman), Srimartani (Bantul), dan BUMDes Dlingo Giritama (Bantul). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagian besar BUMDes yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah BUMDes rintisan dan tumbuh, sehingga tata kelola pokok telah tertuang dalam AD-ART BUMDes, namun sebagian besar BUMDes belum menyusun dokumen tata kelola khususnya dokumen akuntabilitas keuangan, (2) tingkat keterterapan tata kelola BUMDes di Indonesia masih relatif rendah, dengan unsur keterterapan terendah pada aspek sustainability dan akuntabilitas.  Hasil ini nampaknya berkorelasi dengan umur BUMDes yang masih relatif muda (rata-rata 3 tahun). Indikator-indikator yang disusun dianggap terlalu ideal untuk BUMDes rintisan sehingga banyak indikator yang belum tercapai. Indikator-indikator untuk menilai tata kelola BUMDes adalah indikator ideal, sehingga penelitian berikutnya perlu memikirkan pembobotan indikator yang dapat membedakan antara berbagai jenis BUMDes. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada perlunya panduan bagi BUMDes untuk menyusun dokumen-dokumen tata kelola yaitu Rencana Strategis, Sistem Pengendalian Internal, dan Penatausahaan keuangan.
ANALISIS MUATAN NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER PADA BUKU PEGANGAN SISWA IPA SMP KELAS VII SEMESTER 2 KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Syafi'ah Rohmatus
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai karakter pada buku pegangan Siswa IPA SMP kelas VII semester 2 kurikulum 2013 dan kesesuaian nilai-nilai karakter dengan nilai-nilai karakter yang tercantum dalam Permendikbud No. 21 tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek utama yang digunakan berupa buku pegangan siswa berjudul Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SMP/ MTs Kelas VII Semester 2 cetakan ke-3 tahun 2016 (edisi revisi). Unit analisis adalah nilai-nilai karakter yang terkandung dalam buku pegangan siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan analisis isi dan pencatatan secara cermat terhadap buku pegangan siswa tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku pegangan siswa IPA SMP Kelas VII semester 2 berbasis kurikulum 2013 memuat nilai pendidikan karakter yang sesuai dengan uraian nilai-nilai karakter yang tercantum dalam Permendikbud No. 21 tahun 2016 tentang Standar Isi Kurikulum 2013 untuk sekolah dasar dan menengah yaitu religius, jujur, disiplin, santun, percaya diri, peduli, dan tanggung jawab. Selain ke tujuh nilai karakter yang tercantum dalam Permendikbud No. 21 tahun 2016 tersebut di dalam buku pegangan siswa juga ditemukan 8 nilai karakter lain yaitu kreatif, rasa ingin tahu, menghargai kerja individu/kerja kelompok/pendapat orang lain, komunikatif, teliti, mandiri, gemar membaca dan kerjasama.
Omega invariant of the line graphs of tricyclic graphs
Authors: ÖZDEN AYNA Hacer
Published: October 2019

Graphs are probably one of the few fastest growing subjects due to their applications in many areas including Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Anthropology, Finance, Social Sciences, etc. One of the ways of classifying graphs is according to the number of faces. A graph having no cycle is called acyclic, and a graph having one, two, three, faces are respectively called unicyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic. Recently, a new graph invariant denoted by Ω(D) for a realizable degree sequence D is defined. Ω(D) gives a list of information on the realizability, number of faces, components, chords, multiple edges, loops, pendant edges, bridges, cyclicness, connectedness, etc. of the realizations of D and is shown to have several explicit applications in Graph Theory. Acyclic, unicyclic and bicyclic graphs have been studied already in relation with Ω invariant. In this paper, we study tricyclic graphs by means of Ω invariant.
A GPU-Accelerated Machine Learning Framework for Molecular Simulation: HOOMD-blue with TensorFlow
Authors: Barrett Rainier , Chakraborty Maghesree , Amirkulova Dilnoza , Gandhi Heta , White Andrew
Published: October 2019

As interest grows in applying machine learning force-fields and methods to molecular simulation, there is a need for state-of-the-art inference methods to use trained models within efficient molecular simulation engines. We have designed and implemented software that enables integration of a scalable GPU-accelerated molecular mechanics engine, HOOMD-blue, with the machine learning (ML) TensorFlow package. TensorFlow is a GPU-accelerated, scalable, graph-based tensor computation model building package that has been the implementation of many recent innovations in deep learning and other ML tasks. TensorFlow models are constructed in Python and can be visualized or debugged using the rich set of tools implemented in the TensorFlow package. In this article, we present four major examples of tasks this software can accomplish which would normally require multiple different tools: (1) we train a neural network to reproduce a force field of a Lennard-Jones simulation; (2) we perform online force matching of methanol; (3) we compute the maximum entropy bias of a Lennard-Jones collective variable; (4) we calculate the scattering profile of an ongoing TIP4P water molecular dynamics simulation. This work should accelerate both the design of new neural network based models in computational chemistry research and reproducible model specification by leveraging a widely-used ML package.
Observation of dissipative chlorophyll-to-carotenoid energy transfer in light-harvesting complex II in membrane nanodiscs
Authors: Son Minjung , Pinnola Alberta , Gordon Samuel C. , Bassi Roberto , Schlau-Cohen Gabriela S.
Published: October 2019

Green plants prevent photodamage under high light conditions by dissipating excess energy as heat. Conformational changes of the photosynthetic antenna complexes activate dissipation by leveraging the sensitivity of the photophysics of the chlorophyll and carotenoids to their surrounding protein. However, the mechanisms and site of dissipation are still debated, largely due to two challenges. First, because of the ultrafast timescales and large energy gaps involved, measurements lacked the temporal or spectral requirements. Second, experiments have been performed in detergent, which can induce non-native conformations, or in vivo, where contributions from the multiple complexes cannot be disentangled and are further obfuscated by laser-induced artifacts. Here, we overcome both challenges by applying ultrabroadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to the principal antenna complex, light-harvesting complex II, in a near-native membrane. The membrane enhances two dissipative pathways, one of which was previously uncharacterized chlorophyll-to-carotenoid energy transfer. Our results highlight the sensitivity of the photophysics to the local environment, which may be used to control the balance between light harvesting and dissipation in vivo.
Virtual Excited State Reference for the Discovery of Electronic Materials Database (VERDE Materials DB): An Open-Access Resource for Ground and Excited State Properties of Organic Molecules
Authors: Abreha Biruk , Agarwal Snigdha , Foster Ian , Blaiszik Ben , Lopez Steven
Published: October 2019

VERDE materials DB is open-access and searchable via http://www.verdedb.org. It is focused on light-responsive π-conjugated organic molecules with applications in green chemistry, organic solar cells, and organic redox flow batteries. It includes results of our active and past virtual screening studies; to date, more than 13,000 density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed on at least 1,500 molecules to obtain ground- and excited-state structures and photophysical properties.
Light-Activated Rhenium Complexes with Dual Mode of Action against Bacteria
Authors: Frei Angelo , Amado Maite , Cooper Matthew , A. T. Blaskovich Mark
Published: October 2019

New antibiotics and innovative approaches to kill drug-resistant bacteria are urgently needed. Metal-complexes offer access to potential alternative modes of action and have only sparingly been investigated in antibacterial drug discovery. We have developed a light-activated rhenium complex with activity against drug resistant bacteria. The activity profile against mutant strains combined with assessments of cellular uptake and synergy suggest two distinct modes of action.
Carbon Dot Sensitized Photoanodes for Visible Light Driven Organic Transformations
Authors: Yarur Francisco , Manioudakis John , Naccache Rafik , Majewski Marek
Published: October 2019

Visible light photosensitization of metal oxides to create heterostructures for the conversion of solar-to-chemical energy is a promising approach to produce solar fuels and other valuable chemicals. Carbon dots have recently been considered as suitable candidates to sensitize wide bandgap metal oxide semiconductors due to their low cost and tunable optical properties. While photocatalytic systems using carbon dots as sensitizers have been reported, transformations involving the production of value-added chemicals as well as the electron transfer mechanisms underpinning photocatalysis within such heterostructures remain underexplored. Here we report the sensitization of zinc oxide nanowires with carbon dots for the α-heteroarylation of 1-phenylpyrrolidine with 2-chlorobenzothiazole under visible light illumination at room temperature. The carbon dots improve the light absorption of the nanowires in the visible region of the spectrum affording the use of white light to drive catalysis. From optical spectroscopy and electrochemistry investigations of the resulting nanohybrid material, the photocatalytic properties are explained by the band alignment at the zinc oxide-carbon dot junction where a series of single-electron transfers creates the necessary potential to oxidize 1-phenylpyrrolidine. The resulting cascade of electron transfers into and from the carbon dots drives the α-heteroarylation to a 97% yield after 24 hrs.