bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the process of learning numerals in the 6th grade by applying algorithms. Part 1. The grammatical signs of types of numeral and features of their spelling and declension
Authors: Sulnichenko V. N.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to present a system for learning numerals in the 6th grade based on the methodology for compiling grammatical algorithms. The author examines the grammatical signs of the numerals’ types and the features of their spelling and declination, as well as the most grammatically difficult cases of numerals and nouns combinations. This article employs the collective and independent observation of students working with the grammatical material, its table systematization, and the algorithm compilation. The use of algorithms at the Russian language lessons creates the necessary linguistic foundation for improving the students’ speech culture; it also forms their algorithmic thinking and improves their spelling literacy.
N. Gumilyov’s poem "I did not live, I spent…" ("Ya ne prozhil, ya protomilsya…"): the metaphysical and poetic meanings (to the 135th anniversary of the poet’s birth)
Authors: Panova E. A.
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes one of Gumilyov’s most famous poems, a deeper understanding of which requires a linguopoetic analysis. Using the method of slow reading and paying attention to the following elements: composition, intertextual references, semantic and grammatical structure of text, system of alliterations — the author of this study shows how the development of lyrical subject progresses and what the lingual form highlights in disclosing the poem’s ideological and descriptive content. The results of the analysis allow the understanding of the poem presented in contemporary studies to be clarified.
The types of truncated derivatives in contemporary Russian speech
Authors: Nikolina N. A.
Published: May 2021

This article studies a highly productive way of Russian word formation — truncation. This method of word formation, considered to be the "youngest", plays an important role in the contemporary compressive word formation. The purpose of this article lies in identifying new trends in the area of truncation in the Russian speech of the early 21st century. The author reveals the structural types of truncation and determines their relationship in the contemporary Russian language. The largest group of truncated derivatives includes personal nouns; there are also other new subject groups of the truncated units noted. The results show that truncation in modern Russian speech is becoming more widespread than before and it begins to extend to other parts of speech besides nouns. The author pays attention to the interaction of truncation with the suffixation characteristic of contemporary Russian speech. The derivatives, formed by truncation, are different from univerbated nouns, which are formally attributed by adjectives, which are part of the substantive word formation; thus, a criterion for differentiating truncated univerbated words seems in order. The material for analysis includes modern fiction, texts from mass media, and oral recordings. Using them has helped in revealing the dynamics of truncation processes.
About the "supertask" ("sverhzadacha") of K. S. Stanislavsky... (about the history of the word supertask (sverhzadacha) in the Russian language)
Authors: Krivonosov I. I.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the history of the appearance and functioning of the word supertask (sverhzadacha) in the Russian language. Two lines of the lexeme functioning were distinguished: the first is associated with the etymology of the word, the second – with its use by K. S. Stanislavsky in the terminology system and the further entry of the unit into general use on the basis of determinologization. It is interesting that the second meaning has acquired the most widespread use. Only in the past two decades, the word has begun to lose its connection with the process of artistic creation. The purpose of the study was to briefly review the history of the word: from its first fixation in the Russian language and application by K. S. Stanislavsky (to designate one of the key concepts of Method Acting) up to modern contexts of use. The entry of the lexeme into the language was investigated using structural methods. The methods of contextual and distributive analysis were used to analyse both the contexts in which Stanislavsky used this word and the process of its fixation in the National Corpus of the Russian language. Statistical analysis was used to trace the dynamics of integration of the lexeme into the Russian language and its fixation in various spheres. The methods of component and comparative analysis were used to describe the formation mechanism of the initial term in the historical context. Borrowings of the term supertask (sverhzadacha) were found in other languages, indicating the spread of Stanislavsky’s system. The conclusion is drawn that the word supertask (sverhzadacha) functions in the Russian language mainly as a term from Stanislavsky’s system, gradually becoming determinologized and returning to the meaning conveying the logical sum of its constituent components.
Review of the book by Fufaeva I. "How women are called. Feminitives: history, device, competition". Moscow: AST: CORPUS, 2020. 304 p. (Primus)
Authors: Vasilyeva A. S.
Published: May 2021

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From hair colour to diagnosis
Authors: V. Broshtilova
Published: May 2021

Hair pigmentation contributes extremely to the visual appearance and human-to-human communication, thus exerting enormous sexual and social impact. Follicular melanogenesis depends on genetic, biochemical and physical phenomena as well as proper epithelial-melanocytic interaction. Shades of grey, yellow, brown, red, and black produced by melanin define the exact determination of hair colour. Versatile clinical conditions depend on genetic melanogenetic changes, pigment transfer to bulb keratinocytes defects and impaired signal transduction pathways. Herein, an update of recent scientific advances on follicular melanogenesis and its pathological-driven compartmental changes reflecting specific disease phenotypes, are presented.
Land capability evaluation and classification of Obosi Land in Anambra State Nigeria
Authors: IA Nweke  , CS Ejikeme
Published: May 2021

Land capability evaluation and classification of Obosi land was carried out on an approximately total area of 25.58km2 using the map of the area. The aims of the study were to map out the soils of Obosi, classify them for suitability and sustainability for agricultural production and other land use development projects. Auger sample and profile pit samples were collected and examined. Using morphology and topography of the surveyed area, three mapping units; MUI-lowland areas, MUII- upland areas and MUIII-gullied areas were established. The result of the study indicated the textural class of the soils to be sandy loam, except for upland areas in Auger 1 were the textural class were loamy sand. The particle sizes range from 50gkg-1-90gkg-1 clay, 50-90gkg-1 silt, 130-590gkg-1 fine sand and 310-650gkg-1 sand. The pH of the soils varies from slightly acidity to slightly alkaline and was fairly uniform throughout the depths. The exchangeable bases, CEC, TEA, SAR and ESP of the soils were found to be low and below their critical level for crop production the base saturation value of the soils range from 22.28-99.21%. The low land areas and the upland areas were found to be suitable for arable crops. They fall under the suitability class S2 (suitable) and the capability class 11. Their major constraint on agricultural production is low fertility status. The gullied areas MUIII were found within the uplands and low-land areas. They fall under the non-suitability class NS (not suitable) and the capability class vi. The prominent limitation of this unit is erosion hazard. The area cannot be used in their present state without serious reclamation activities. The soils were classified as mixed isothermic kandic argiudult using the USDA soil Taxonomy and correlated as eutric ferralsols by FAO-WAB classification. Generally the soils need to be upgraded in soil nutrients through soil organic matter application and reclamation processes to produce maximally.
Allelopathic activity of aqueous decomposed leaf litter extracts on the germination and early seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Aden, Yemen
Authors: Hana A. Al-Quhbi  , Amna A.I. Saeed  , Abdul Nasser Al-Gifri
Published: May 2021

Allelopathic effect of Aqueous decomposed leaf litter from four common trees and shrubs in Aden governorate, Yemen was investigated on the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, the test crop was subjected to four concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the aqueous extract, while a control was maintained at 0% extract level. The study carried out in the laboratory of Botany at Faculty of Education, University of Aden. The Percentage of germination, Germination rate per plate, radicle length, plumule, (hypo and epicotyl lengths) observed. Data was recorded at 24 hours interval after germination for 15 days, the research revealed delayed germination rate per plate and a significant reduction in the radicle length and germination percentage (data was collected on percentage germination; plant height. Results obtained showed that significant reduction in the growth parameters considered at 100% and 75%, while at 50% and 25% the difference was not significant. From the result obtained, it can concluded that Conocarpus lancefolius and Thevetia peruviana possess allelopathic effect that inhibit the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, hence at 100% concentration.
Ethnopharmacological review of traditional medicinal plants as immunomodulator
Authors: Ashvini Y. Parbat  , Gunjan P. Malode  , Aayesha R. Shaikh  , Wrushali A. Panchale  , Jagdish V. Manwar  , Ravindra L. Bakal
Published: May 2021

Medicinal plants play significant roles in the prevention of human beings from various pathogenic microorganisms and diseases. The immunomodulators are agents used to modulate the immune system and can be obtained from both natural as well as synthetic origin from plants and chemicals. Alteration within the system is often achieved by immunomodulatory agents from a plant source, low molecular weight compounds like alkaloids and other nitrogen-containing compounds, terpenes, phenols, and high molecular weight compounds like lectins, polysaccharides. The Immune system is a part of the body to detect the pathogen by using a specific receptor to produce an immediate response by the activation of immune components cells, cytokines, and chemokines and also release of an inflammatory mediator. This review also discusses various ethnopharmacological information of traditional medicinal plants being used as immunomodulators.
STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE CLASS OF AMBON ARCHIPELAGO FISHERIES PORT INTO AN OCEAN FISHERY PORT USING SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Soumokil Ruth Phetrosina
Published: May 2021

An essential factor for the development of fisheries business, especially fishing activities, is the availability of infrastructure for berths or shelter for fishing vessels and landing their catch fish. The infrastructure is in the form of a Fishing Port or Fish Landing Base as a place or base for fishing vessels. This research aimed to examine the condition of Archipelago Fisheries Port (AFP) on the criteria of an Ocean Fishery Port (OFP), and formulated a strategy for developing Ambon AFP in order to increase its class to an Ocean Fishery Port. The method used in this research was descriptive. Data collection techniques carried out by distributing questionnaires, interviews, and secondary data collection. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling as many as 20 key respondents. The analytical tool used was descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The results of this study indicate that: Existing operations in Ambon AFP show increasing development from year to year, both in fish landing, fishing boat visits, supply distribution, non-tax state revenue, and the number of fishers and labour. From the Ambon AFP Development Strategy's research results in the context of improving the class of being an Ocean Fishery Port, ten strategies were produced.
Pemakaian Bahasa Lio Dialek Mego Desa Bhera, Kecamatan Mego, Kabupaten Sikka
Authors: Maria Magdalena Rini
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK

            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, (1) jenis-jenis sapaan bahasa Lio dialek Mego, dan (2) konteks penggunaan sapaan bahasa Lio dialek Mego. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori sosiolinguistik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak dan cakap. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik simak,libat, cakap, dan teknik simak libat bebas. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Ada empat komponen yang dikakukan dengan model ini, yakni: Pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verfikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemakaian sapaan dalam bahasa Lio dialek Mego ditemukan dua jenis sapaan yaitu sapaan kekerabatan, dan sapaan non kekerabatan. Sapaan kekerabatan dibedakan berdasarkan pertalian langsung (hubungan darah) dan pertalian tidak langsung (hubungan perkawinan). Sapaan nonkekerabatan dikelompokan menjadi 5  bagian yaitu sapaan berdasarkan pekerjaan, sapaan adat, sapaan keagamaan, sapaan  usia, sapaan berdasarkan status social.
Pengaruh Media Komik terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Cerpen
Authors: Kamaluddin Muh Irfan
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengaruh pengaruh media komik terhadap keterampilan membaca cerpen. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Experimental Design dengan jenis Pre-test and Post-test Design. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik sampling purposive, yang diperoleh populasi penelitian adalah siswa SMP IT Wawonduru dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 siswa. Pada analisis data pre-test diperoleh data bahwa kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada hasil post-test siswa kontrol dan eksperimen yang terlihat dari hasil nalisis memperoleh nilai t-hitung sebanyak 8,433 dan memperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,001 dengan (p < 0,05). Analisis t-test hasil t-hitung sebesar 5,351 mendapat signifikan sebanyak 0.030 dengan (p < 0,05) sehingga berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan analisis independent sample t-test pada data N-gain terhadap masing-masing kelas dapat disimpulkan bahwasanya terdapat pengaruh media komik pada keterampilan membaca cerpen siswa.
Competenze linguistiche e competenze plurilingui
Quali strumenti per la valutazione e la valorizzazione?
Authors: Vernetto Gabriella
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a language and multilingual skills’ assessment system implemented in Valle d’Aosta (Italy). These tools, which have been tried and tested, are intended for pupils and students of all school levels in order to prepare them to become citizens of a globalized world; they have been conceived as governance assessment tools of a policy in favour of multilingualism.
NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS ON THE PROTAGONIST IN FAYE BIRD’S NOVEL MY SECOND LIFE
Authors: Utari Dinda Femilya , Manugeren M.
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is to find out the psychological problems on the protagonist and the negative impacts caused by the psychological problems in Faye Bird’s novel My Second Life published in 2014. Psychological problem are disorders of cognitive, volition, affective, and psychomotor generating to psychological disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The two aspects of the problems are in reality get into the corridor of psychology, a study about human’s soul or mind, either about its symptoms, processes, or its background. As literature is a reflection of society, all the characters are also members of literary community leading to a concept that psychology and literature are closely related.  This novel is about a teenager who experiences various psychological problems after finding out that in her first life she has been the cause of someone’s death. This study is conducted to give an overview to all people about the negative impacts of psychological problems experienced by the protagonist. This study applies qualitative method going through social phenomena and the data are collected from the novel. The results show the psychological problems are depression, anxiety and trauma causing negative impacts in the forms of insomnia, lack of concentration and truancy.
Academic stronghold of the period of new realities: attempts at analysis
Authors: Astakhova E.
Published: May 2021

The article describes certain aspects of the functioning of the academic staff of the modern university. Attention is focused on the fact that under the dramatic changes that have reshaped the world and tend to constantly gain momentum, the University needs to build new management models and fundamentally different mechanisms of interaction with the lecturer as the key player in the university world.

The transition to the digital era and the total massovization of higher education coupled with a decrease in its quality are shaping a new reality of the university world to be lived in with new growth vectors to be defines.
Distance learning techniques and technologies for effective and successful online learning
Authors: Kauk V. , Grebenyuk V. , Pugolovok K. , Vodyanytskyi D.
Published: May 2021

The experience of Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics in the transition to distance learning during the introduction of quarantine is presented. Technological and pedagogical methods for providing modern dynamic technical education in the conditions of a remote mode of work are discussed. Attention is paid to the ways of interaction with teachers and students. The opinion of students — consumers of educational technologies, on innovative teaching methods is given. Features of fast transition from usual academic training to completely distance or blended learning are considered. The most significant difficulties and obstacles in organizing such training are given. Challenges that impose additional requirements during quarantine to ensure the quality of education have been identified. Statistics on the real growth of the load on the distance learning system and how to overcome technological difficulties are presented. When working with server technologies, attention is paid to the process of deployment and constant updating of the virtual machine on external hosting. The factors that directly affect the quality of the system as a whole are given. Recommendations for operating the system during heavy loads are given.

The tasks that are a priority for the first stage of the transition to blended learning have been identified. Emphasis is placed on the positive results obtained during quarantine in distance learning, and has prospects for further operation of the distance learning system.

Among the modern challenges to higher education are the following: constant quality control of the educational process, student-centered learning, academic integrity, raising ratings, breaking outdated stereotypes, increasing motivation to master modern information technology in teachers.

Technological, pedagogical and organizational directions of distance learning system development at the university are clearly defined.
Facilitation interaction in distance education of pedagogical universities
Authors: Prokopenko I.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to one of the current problems in pedagogy – the implementation of facilitation interaction in distance education of pedagogical universities. The analysis of the literature showed that Ukrainian professional educational organizations in more than 50% of cases use the educational platform Moodle, which allows to implement individual learning direction of students, create a single user interface for all participants in the learning process, while actively using forums, glossaries, automatic interactive testing, etc., focused on the implementation of optimal facilitation interaction of the subjects of the educational process, taking into account the specifics of the pedagogical university. In the article the essence of the concept of «facilitation interaction» is defined as subject-subject interaction, within which pedagogical support and initiation of various forms of activity of students of pedagogical universities at all stages of the educational process, within which personal formation and development every future teacher as a subject of educational and professional activity. Based on the analysis of scientific papers and taking into account the specifics of the organization of distance education at the Pedagogical University, the main tasks in the implementation of facilitation interaction at a distance are: technical understanding and experience of using online tools by the teacher-facilitator; anticipate and possibly adjust online tools to really make it easier for participants to work interactively and engagingly (during skype / zoom / meet communication). In the course of the research it was proved that the facilitator must master the skills – to create the effect of inclusion and presence here and now, regardless of time zones, cultural differences, sometimes – language, to ensure facilitation interaction in distance education.
EFFECTIVE JUVENILE RESISTANCE OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT SAMPLES FROM THE VIR COLLECTION TO LEAF RUST AND DARK BROWN LEAF SPOT
Authors: Tyryshkin L. G. , Temirbekova S. K. , Kudryavtseva Е. Yu. , Zuev Е. V.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of studying juvenile resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.) and dark-brown leaf spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) in 3949 samples of spring bread wheat from the World collection of the Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) originating from 81 countries.  According to the status of the samples, the material was represented by: local varieties (landraces), breeding varieties, breeding and genetic lines. Under laboratory conditions, intact seedlings and leaf segments on water were infected with a complex population of P. triticina and a mixture of B. sorokiniana isolates. 84 samples were highly resistant to leaf rust,  60 of them originating from regions of the Russian Federation. For 52 samples, genes for resistance to leaf rust were postulated with phytopathological test, using the pathogen clones marked with virulence to effective resistance genes Lr9, 19, 24, 41 and 47: Lr9 was identified in 26 samples, Lr24  - 13, Lr19 – in 13 ones. Genes Lr41 and Lr47 were not found in the studied samples. A high level of juvenile resistance to dark-brown leaf spot blotch was revealed only in lines LT-5 and LT-6, developed in VIR on the base of somaclonal variability induction.
STUDY OF A NEW APPLE TREES VARIETIES ON A WEAKLY GROWING STOCK M-9 IN CHECHEN REPUBLIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Khamurzaev S. M. , Anasov I. M. , Madaev А. А.
Published: May 2021

The article provides a comparative analysis of productivity, fruit formation and growth rate of introduced apple varieties trees. The work was carried out on the basis of collection apple plantations of the Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture experimental field. The soil of the experimental site is leached chernozem with underlying gravel, the humus content in the arable layer is 3.9%. The climate is moderate continental. The relief is flat and low. The temperature conditions of the Chechen Republic are very diverse. The average annual air temperature is 10.4 °C, the minimum temperature is – 28 °C, and the maximum is 42 °C. The research objects are ten apple varieties of domestic and foreign selection: Red Chief, Enterprise, Florina, Morden Duft, Jonagold, Pink Lady, Ligol, Rumyanets alpinista, Golden Bee, Renet Simirenko. In experimentation were guided by the program and methodology of collection variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops, as well as the methodology of research in horticulture. The stock M-9, which is widely used in the southern regions of our country, ensures the relative durability of trees and their high productivity. It is also of interest to study the biological fitness of dwarf apple trees on this rootstock and in intensive irrigated orchards. Based on the long-term researches we recommend all of the above varieties for irrigated intensive gardens of the Chechen Republic and regions similar in climate, with the exception of Morden Duft, Jonagold, Ligol. They can be grown, but on a limited scale.
INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC COMPOSTS ON THE CROP ROTATION PRODUCTIVITY AND THEIR PAYBACK BY INCREASING THE YIELD
Authors: Rabinovich G. Yu. , Treshkin I. А.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the comparative characteristics of traditional peat-manure compost and multipurpose compost (KMN) obtained by the technology of accelerated fermentation of organic raw materials. The chemical composition of composts as organic fertilizers is described and biochemical indicators of the quality of the resulting grain are given. The studies were carried out on soddy-medium-podzolic gley sandy loamy soil and on soddy-strongly podzolic gleyic light loamy soil The largest amount of nutrients came from peat-manure compost, while KMN with a high content of potassium and phosphorus is most favorable for sod-podzolic soils depleted in potassium and, in some cases, phosphorus. The effectiveness of the use of organic fertilizers is a fundamental element in increasing the fertility of sod-podzolic soils and increasing the productivity of agricultural crops. The results of studies of the influence of various types and doses of composts on the formation of the yield of the link of grain-grass crop rotation are presented. In the first year of fertilization, the increase in yield from the application of KMN at a dose of 15 t/ha was 70.4 - 85.1%. In general, over 3 years of the link of grain-grass crop rotation, the increase in yield from the use of KMN in different doses amounted to 19.7 - 76.4%. At the same time, an increase in yield was obtained from peat-manure compost at the level of 19.6 - 35.1%. The greatest amount of ash elements was observed in variants with peat-manure compost and KMN, which indicates the richness of composts with nutrients. The greatest payback of 21.6-31.2 kg a.i./kg NPK was provided by KMN in all doses. At the same time, peat-manure compost is much less - 5.0 - 11.4 kg a.i./kg NPK. The maximum coefficient of energy efficiency was provided by KMN in all doses of 27.9-37.1. Peat manure compost has shown efficiency at the level of mineral fertilizers.
ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF A LONG-TIME UNUSED LANDS INTRODUCTION INTO AGRICULTURAL CIRCULATION
Authors: Kirejcheva L. V. , Shevchenko V. А. , Yurchenko I. F.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents theoretical approaches to assessing the effectiveness of introducing fallow lands into agricultural production, justifying the feasibility the measure implementation. The methodology of ecological and economic case of the introduction of long-term unused lands into agricultural circulation or their transfer to other categories has been developed. A distinctive feature of the proposed solutions is the search for a balance between natural and climatic potential of the territory limitations and the possibilities of agricultural production resource potential, as well as reducing the risk of not achieving the economic efficiency of investments in restoring the economic value of long-term unused lands. The research methodology is based on the generalization and comparative analysis of solutions in the field of management, mathematical statistics, simulation and analytical modeling of a sustainable agroecosystems production process. An algorithm for the land user needs assessment in the growth of agricultural production is presented, the absence of which is a reason to refuse additional areas. The procedures and operations for analyzing the ecological and economic, socio and economic efficiency of the fallow lands using have been established on the basis of which an integral assessment of the feasibility of putting them into operation is carried out. Recommendations are given for calculating the overall economic effect and risk at the final stage of the ecological and economic substantiation of land introduction into agricultural circulation. The fallow agricultural land in agricultural production using will help to increase the efficiency of the Russian government implementation decisions on the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex.
Evaluation in terms of Angle and Length of the Coronoid Process and Condyle in Adolescents and Adults
Authors: SARUHAN Nesrin , TEKİN Görkem
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the condyle and coronoid process in terms of angle and length in adults and adolescents.

Methods: A total of 184 patients who had Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images were included in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups, including 92 adolescents (female, n=48; male, n=44) and 92 adults (female, n=46; male, n=46). The condyle angle (CoA), coronoid angle (CrA), condyle length (CoD) and coronoid length (CrD) were evaluated in adults and the adolescents. Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to evaluate the normality of the variances. After determination at the normal distribution of the data, statistical analysis was performed by using independent-samples t-test. The data without normal distribution were statistically analyzed by using Mann-Whitney U test.

Results: The mean CrA was 120.23 ± 5.27˚ in the adolescents and 115.57 ± 6.99˚ in the adults. The mean CoA was 111.33 ± 5.18˚ in the adolescents and 113.14 ± 6.19˚ in the adults. The mean CoD was 16.43 ± 2.57 mm in the adolescents and 15.16 ± 2.81 mm in the adults. The mean CrD was 11.71 ± 2.24 mm in the adolescents and 13.90 ± 3.53 mm in the adults. When the CrA, CoA, CrD and CoD values were compared with the adults and the adolescents, statistically significant differences were found in their CrA, CoD and CrD values. CrD was higher in the adults than the adolescents. CrA and CoD were higher in the adolescents than in the adults. There was no statistically significant difference in CrA, CoA, CrD and CoD values when these groups were compared in terms of sex.

Conclusion: CrD was higher in the adults than the adolescents. CrA and CoD were higher in the adolescents than in the adults. There was no statistically significant difference in CrA, CoA, CrD and CoD values when these groups were compared in terms of sex. In order to evaluate lengths and angles in more detail between adults and adolescents, studies including more detail datasets are needed.
Pemakaian Bahasa dan Penalaran sebagai Sarana untuk Menarik Kesimpulan Wacana Argumentasi
Authors: Sumarwati Margaretha , Sugono Dendy
Published: May 2021

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu Jakarta Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat pemakaian bahasa sebagai alat untuk menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi siswa kelas XI.Semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020 serta untuk mendeskripsikan pemakaian penalaran sebagai alat untuk menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi siswa kelas XI semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes menulis jawaban menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi. Data diperoleh melalui tes dan wawancara kepada siswa kelas XI semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020 dan guru kelas atau guru pendamping. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menyatakan bahwa pada tes pertama pemakaian bahasa dan penalaran siswa dalam penarikan kesimpulan wacana argumentasi masih belum sesuai dengan keinginan peneliti namun pada tes putaran kedua pemakaian bahasa dan penalaran siswa dalam penarikan kesimpulan wacana argumentasi sudah baik.

 

Kata Kunci: Pemakaian Bahasa, Penalaran, Menarik Kesimpulan, Wacana Argumentasi
Focusing on the face or getting distracted by social signals? The effect of distracting gestures on attentional focus in natural interaction
Authors: Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

Attentional orienting towards others’ gaze direction or pointing has been well investigated in laboratory conditions. However, less is known about the operation of attentional mechanisms in online naturalistic social interaction scenarios. It is equally plausible that following social directional cues (gaze, pointing) occurs reflexively, and/or that it is influenced by top-down cognitive factors. In a mobile eye-tracking experiment, we show that under natural interaction conditions overt attentional orienting is not necessarily reflexively triggered by pointing gestures or a combination of gaze shifts and pointing gestures. We found that participants conversing with an experimenter, who, during the interaction, would play out pointing gestures as well as directional gaze movements, continued to mostly focus their gaze on the face of the experimenter, demonstrating the significance of attending to the face of the interaction partner – in line with effective top-down control over reflexive orienting of attention in the direction of social cues.
Surface integral and holographic duality
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: May 2021

Surface integral and holographic duality
Entanglement and string information
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: May 2021

Entanglement and string information
The Impact of Service Quality on Passenger Loyalty through The Mediating Roles of Relationship Quality: Evidence from Domestic Flights of Vietnamese Low-Cost Airlines
Authors: Giao Ha Nam Khanh , Vuong Bui Nhat
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of service quality on passenger loyalty as well as the mediating roles of relationship quality (perceives value, passenger trust, and satisfaction). The survey was conducted with a total of 321 passengers who have used low-cost airline service in the domestic terminal in Tan Son Nhat airport, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; then the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was estimated using the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The results indicated that service quality positively impacted passenger loyalty. Moreover, this study provided empirical evidence about the mediating roles of perceived value, passenger trust, and satisfaction. The finding also suggested that airline managers should understand the customers’ expectations and passenger loyalty regarding low-cost airlines to attract new customers as well as retain their existing customers.
SEJARAH MODERNISASI PASCA PERANG DUNIA KEDUA SERTA PENGARUHNYA PADA KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Ansyari Rudi Resnawan
Published: May 2021

Sejarah lahirnya Teori Modernisasi diawali munculnya Amerika serikat yang menjadi negara adidaya dan mendominasi setelah perang dunia kedua serta perang ideologi dengan Uni Soviet untuk mempengaruhi negara yang baru merdeka. Teori Modernisasi muncul sebagai solusi dalam menghadapi masalah yang ada pasca perang dunia kedua. Manusia akan selalu membuat inovasi untuk mempermudah kehidupannya sehingga Modernisasi dapat mencakup berbagai bidang yang sangat luas dan kontak budaya membuat proses modernisasi menjadi lebih cepat dan kompleks, modernisasi tidak hanya mempengaruhi ekonomi, politik sosial, pendidikan atau kesehatan tapi juga mempengaruhi bagaimana pola pikir manusia yang sebelumnya irasional menjadi rasional. Modernisasi juga membuat masyarakat berpikir kritis dan lebih terbuka dengan hal yang baru.
BIOGRAFI DATU BAKUMPAI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: sari Yeti novita purnama
Published: May 2021

Sejarah merupakan sesuatu yang menghimpun pengalaman maupun perjalanan seseorang sebagaimana dia di sebut dengan manusia peradaban yang di abadikan hingga sekarang dengan tujuan sebagai pelajaran dan pengetahuan untuk para pemuda, para generasi yang akan datang. Pada awal penyebaran dan perkembangan islam oleh masyarakat yang ada di sekitar bakumpai ini terdapat catatan yang menyatakan bahwa pada awal islamisasi di bakumpai ini berkaitan dengan masuknya islam di kota Banjarmasin. Pada awal masa kerajaan dipati amuntai dulunya itu merupakan sebuah pelabuhan dagang yang digunakan oleh kerajaan dan juga tempat keluar masuknya kapal berlayar. Dalam tulisan ini akan di paparkan tentang biografi dan pengaruh islam yang di bawa oleh mufti Abdussamad atau lebih dikenal sebagai datu bakumpai.
ERP markers of action planning and outcome monitoring in human – robot interaction.
Authors: Hinz Nina-Alisa , Ciardo Francesca , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to examine event-related potentials (ERPs) of action planning and outcome monitoring in human-robot interaction. To this end, participants were instructed to perform costly actions (i.e. losing points) to stop a balloon from inflating and to prevent its explosion. They performed the task alone (individual condition) or with a robot (joint condition). Similar to findings from human-human interactions, results showed that action planning was affected by the presence of another agent, robot in this case. Specifically, the early readiness potential (eRP) amplitude was larger in the joint, than in the individual, condition. The presence of the robot affected also outcome perception and monitoring. Our results showed that the P1/N1 complex was suppressed in the joint, compared to the individual condition when the worst outcome was expected, suggesting that the presence of the robot affects attention allocation to negative outcomes of one’s own actions. Similarly, results also showed that larger losses elicited smaller feedback-related negativity (FRN) in the joint than in the individual condition. Taken together, our results indicate that the social presence of a robot may influence the way we plan our actions and also the way we monitor their consequences. Implications of the study for the human-robot interaction field are discussed.
Berpikir Sejarah dan Peradaban Awal Benua Eropa
Authors: Apriani Ella Noor
Published: May 2021

Sejarah adalah ilmu yang memberikan dan menanamkan pengetahuan mengenai proses perubahan dan perkembangan masyarakat dari masa lampau hingga masa kini. Sejarah juga bisa digunakan sebagai saranapembelajaran dalam kehidupan sehari agar bisa menjalani kehidupan hari berikutnya lebih baik daripada hari kemarin. Tingginya peradaban suatu bangsa ditandai dengan beragamnya hasil budaya yang lahir untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Manusia adalah pendukung kebudayaan, sehingga kebudayaan dapat dikatakan sebagai keseluruhan hasil cipta, karsa dan karya manusia. Ada banyak sejarah peradaban yang bisa kita pelajari untuk menambah pengetahuan kita, salah satunya yaitu peradaban Eropa.
Does Amy know Ben knows you know your cards? A computational model of higher-order epistemic reasoning
Authors: Cedegao Zhang , Ham Huang , Holliday Wesley H.
Published: May 2021

Reasoning about what other people know is an important cognitive ability, known as epistemic reasoning, which has fascinated psychologists, economists, and logicians. In this paper, we propose a computational model of humans’ epistemic reasoning, including higher-order epistemic reasoning—reasoning about what one person knows about another person’s knowledge—that we test in an experiment using a deductive card game called “Aces and Eights”. Our starting point is the model of perfect higher-order epistemic reasoners given by the framework of dynamic epistemic logic. We modify this idealized model with bounds on the level of feasible epistemic reasoning and stochastic update of a player’s space of possibilities in response to new information. These modifications are crucial for explaining the variation in human performance across different participants and different games in the experiment. Our results demonstrate how research on epistemic logic and cognitive models can inform each other.
Developmental associations between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation and direct self-injurious behavior in adolescence and early adulthood
Authors: Zhu Xinxin , Griffiths Helen , Eisner Manuel , Hepp Urs , Ribeaud Denis , Murray Aja Louise
Published: May 2021

Background: Bullying, suicide, and self-injury are significant public health issues among young people. Extensive research has documented bullying victimization associations with suicidal ideation and self-injury; however, the modeling approaches used have mostly not addressed the relations between these constructs at the within-person level and it is these links that are critical for testing developmental theories and guiding intervention efforts. This study thus aimed to examine the within-person, bidirectional relations between these constructs in adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: Participants were from the Zurich Project on Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood (z-proso). Random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) were employed to evaluate the within-person associations between general and sexual bullying victimization and suicidal ideation and direct self-injurious behavior (D-SIB). Results: There was a positive within-person effect of age 15 general bullying victimization on age 17 suicidal ideation (β=.10) and age 17 suicidal ideation on age 20 general bullying victimization (β=.14), suggesting that these constructs may be reciprocally related. Conclusions: Results imply that general bullying victimization and suicidal ideation can have detrimental effects on each other over developmental time but at different stages. Future studies employing briefer intervals will be needed to investigate short-term dynamics between bullying victimization and suicidality/self-injury.
Partisan biases in social information use
Authors: Molleman Lucas , Gradassi Andrea , Sultan Mubashir , van den Bos Wouter
Published: May 2021

Preferential learning from like-minded others can help individuals acquire adaptive knowledge and socially appropriate behaviour, but it can also reinforce echo chambers and fuel polarization. Ingroup bias is well-documented in the social transmission of opinions, attitudes, and values. However, important questions about its role in the integration of social information when forming factual beliefs are outstanding. We present a naturalistic yet controlled experiment showing that social information is most impactful when provided by ingroup rather than outgroup sources. Participants predicted the 2020 US elections by state and could adjust their predictions after observing the prediction of a Democrat or a Republican. Adjustments were largest when observing fellow-partisans, and when social information favoured the participants’ party. Exploratory analyses reveal that these partisan biases are driven by Republican participants. Our findings help understand the variation of social information use along political orientations and its consequences for belief polarization in increasingly fragmented populations.
Driven to forget: Task compliance predicts suppression-induced forgetting in a large sample
Authors: Liu Peiduo , Hulbert Justin , Yang Wenjing , Guo Yuhua , Qiujiang  , Anderson Michael
Published: May 2021

Suppression-induced forgetting (SIF) refers to a memory impairment resulting from repeated attempts to stop the retrieval of unwanted memory associates. SIF has become established in the literature through a growing number of reports built upon the Think/No-Think (TNT) paradigm. Not all individuals and not all reported experiments yield reliable forgetting, however. Given the reliance on task instructions to motivate participants to suppress target memories, such inconsistencies in SIF may reasonably owe to differences in compliance or expectations as to whether they will again need to retrieve those items (on, say, a final test). We tested these possibilities on a large (N= 497) sample of TNT participants. In addition to successfully replicating SIF, we found that the magnitude of the effect was predicted significantly and negatively by participants’ reported compliance during the No-Think trials. This pattern held true on both same- and independent-probe measures of forgetting, as well as when the analysis was conditionalized on initial learning. In contrast, test expectancy did not reliably predict SIF. Supporting previous intuition and more limited post-hoc examinations, this study provides robust evidence that a lack of compliance with No-Think instructions significantly compromises SIF. As such, it suggests that diminished effects in some studies may owe, at least in part, to non-compliance—a factor that should be carefully tracked and/or controlled. Motivated forgetting is possible, provided that one is sufficiently motivated and capable of following the task instructions.
An electrophysiological measure of tonotopic selectivity in normal-hearing humans and cats
Authors: Guérit François , Middlebrooks John C. , Richardson Matthew L. , Harland Andrew , Gransier Robin , Wouters Jan , Carlyon Robert P.
Published: May 2021

We describe a non-invasive electrophysiological (EEG) measure of tonotopic selectivity and compare the results between humans and cats. Sequences of 50-ms tone-burst probes were presented at 1-second intervals against a continuous noise masker, and the averaged cortical onset response (COR) to the probe was measured using EEG electrodes placed on the scalp. The noise masker had a bandwidth of 1 or 1/8th octave, geometrically centred on 4000 Hz for humans and 8000 Hz for cats. Probe frequency was either -0.5, -0.25, 0, 0.25 or 0.5 octaves re 4000/8000 Hz. The COR was larger for probe frequencies more distant from the noise geometrical centre, and this effect was greater for the 1/8th-octave than for the 1-octave masker. This pattern broadly reflected the masked excitation patterns obtained psychophysically with similar stimuli in a companion paper. However, the positive signal-to-noise ratio used to obtain reliable COR measures meant that some aspects of the data differed from those obtained psychophysically, in a way that could be partly explained by the upward spread of the probe’s excitation pattern. We argue that although COR measures are affected by some factors that differ from those that influence psychophysical masked detection thresholds, they can reveal differences in the width of excitation patterns produced by different stimuli. We also argue that the paradigm may be effectively applied to cochlear-implant experiments in humans and animals.
Adolescents’ Real-Time Social and Affective Experiences of Online and Face-to-Face Interactions
Authors: Achterhof Robin , Kirtley Olivia J , Schneider Maude , Hagemann Noëmi , Hermans Karlijn Susanna Francisca Maria , Hiekkaranta Anu Pauliina , Lecei Aleksandra , Lafit Ginette , Myin-Germeys Inez
Published: May 2021

Much disagreement exists surrounding the relationship between digital communication and adolescent well-being. Micro-level insight into the direct effect of online interaction on affective experiences in daily life is crucial to advancing this discussion. In this registered study, we used experience sampling in 1705 general-population adolescents (n = 43.226 total observations) to examine different emotional and social experiences, at the moment they engage in online and face-to-face social interactions. Adolescents reported significantly less positive affect when alone compared to when interacting online (B(SE)=-.15(.04), p=.001), but significantly more positive affect (B(SE)=.12(.04), p<.001) and less negative affect (B(SE)=-.12(.03), p<.001) and loneliness (B(SE)=-.65(.05), p<.001) when interacting face-to-face compared to online. Exploratory moderator analyses do not support the hypothesis that those with more social support experience greater benefits from online interaction. This study uniquely highlights both the momentary affective benefits and potential disadvantages of online interaction, thereby bringing clarification and nuance to this highly contentious topic.