bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Margarin dan Baking Shortening dari Minyak Sawit Merah dan Aplikasinya dalam Produk Bakery
Authors: Hasibuan Hasrul Abdi , Akram Ananta , Putri Pratiwi , Rangkuti Bella Triana
Published: July 2019

Minyak sawit merah (MSM) merupakan produk minyak sawit yang masih mempertahankan karoten (pro-vitamin A) dengan kadar tinggi. Diversifikasi MSM pada produk pangan perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan gizi konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat margarin dan baking shortening dari MSM dan mengaplikasikannya dalam produk bakery. MSM yang digunakan adalah CPO ternetralisasi (MSM CPO) dan CPO dari tandan buah segar (MSM TBS). Margarin dibuat 2 jenis yaitu grade A (MSM 100%) dan grade B (MSM : RBDPO 50:50) dan baking shortening 2 jenis yaitu grade A (MSM : RBDPS : RBDPKO 70:15:15) dan grade B (MSM : RBBDPO (50:50) : RBDPS : RBDPKO 70:15:15). Produk bakery yang dibuat 3 jenis yaitu roti manis, donat dan bolu gulung. Margarin dan baking shortening yang dihasilkan memiliki karoten tinggi, bilangan peroksida memenuhi standar (< 10 mgeq/kg) namun kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) relatif tinggi (0,1 – 0,3%) dikarenakan oleh MSM memiliki kadar ALB tinggi. Roti manis, donat dan bolu gulung menggunakan margarin dan baking shortening MSM memiliki karakteristik meliputi kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar ALB, bilangan peroksida dan pengembangan adonan (kecuali donat dan bolu gulung) menyerupai produk komersial namun kadar karotennya lebih tinggi. Penerimaan panelis terhadap warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa roti manis, donat dan bolu gulung menggunakan MSM : RBDPO (50:50) cukup tinggi daripada MSM 100% tetapi relatif rendah dibandingkan produk komersial. Meskipun demikian, campuran MSM dan RBDPO dapat menjadi alternatif dalam peningkatan gizi produk bakery.
Implementation Research in Community Based Rehabilitation
Authors: Darawsheh Wesam B. , Tabbaa Sawsan
Published: July 2019

Implementation research (IR) is a non-traditional methodology of research that enables the examination of application of multiple interventions within the complexities of the real-world, and the generation of solutions for emergent needs, especially in countries of low-moderate income. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is an evolving field of practice that lacks research traditions. Evidence guiding the practice of healthcare professionals in CBR and supporting its implementation is fragmented. A review of the literature was conducted to identify research studies pertinent to the employment of IR in CBR. This paper demonstrates that the principles of IR resonate with the principles of inclusion, equality, empowerment and partnership of CBR. It also posits that IR can serve as a research tradition to underpin and guide the conduction of research studies in CBR, and to provide the necessary evidence to support its accountability.
La CEPAL y el desarrollo de América Latina
Authors: Bagú Claudio
Published: July 2019

A grandes rasgos pueden distinguirse tres periodos en el lapso de más de cuatro décadas de actuación de la Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL): desde su creación en 1948 hasta aproximadamente 1973; desde esa  fecha hasta 1985 y desde dicho año hasta el presente .
La enseñanza de la biología en Colombia 1960-2000
Authors: Pantoja Agreda Carlos Hernán
Published: July 2019

Es fundamental conocer la historia de las instituciones para analizar los procesos, factores y metodologías de enseñanza y las trasformaciones curriculares a las que se someten los nuevos profesionales, no solo en un programa determinado, sino en diversos programas; estos análisis históricos permiten entender la formación de profesionales y el impacto de las universidades sobre la región, puesto que, aun en la actualidad, no existe una claridad en la enseñanza de la biología, que la tornara interdisciplinaria; además, no se han realizado suficientes investigaciones alrededor de esta temática que permitieran fundar una fuerte construcción teórica, para facilitar unos lineamientos pedagógicos y curriculares claros, desde una disciplina que pudiera aportar tanto a Colombia en materia de investigación, desde los procesos universitarios y en otros niveles educativos.

 La reconstrucción histórica acerca a comprender las trasformaciones y la consolidación de los programas a raíz de unas directrices institucionales o de hechos generales que transforman la realidad. Investigaciones como la de este trabajo despiertan el interés por conocer, dentro de las estructuras educativas universitarias, las fortalezas o debilidades en los programas de pregrado y posgrado; también, este tipo de trabajos académicos ayudan a comprender las necesidades de esta disciplina, sus logros y flaquezas.
Meningkatkan Kemandirian Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual Di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Suhandi Andi , Kurniasri Dini
Published: July 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA menggunakan model pembelajaran kontekstual di kelas IV SDN No.187/1 teratai. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus, data yang diambil berupa data observasi melalui lembar kemandirian belajar siswa. penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penerapan model pembelajran kontekstual dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar ssiwa pada mata pelajaran IPA. Berdasarkan lembar observasi kemandirian belajar siswa pada awal sebelum diberi tindakan kemandirian belajar siswa hanya 47,05% dan setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I terlihat peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa menjadi 64,70%, kemudian pada siklus ii meningkat lagi menjadi 82,35%. Kesimpulan  penelitian yaitu penerapan model pembelajaran kontekstual dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa di kelas IV SDN No.187/1 teratai yang diharapkan kemandirian belajar siswa lebih tinggi, siswa dapat menyelesaikan tugasnya tanpa melihat hasil teman sejawatnya, siswa bisa lebih mudah memahami materi pelajaran dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kontekstual, dan diupayakan kedepannya pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran kontekstual dapat di terapkan dengan penerapan media berbasis teknologi untuk memaksimalkan hasil belajar siswa.

 

Kata kunci : model pembelajaran kontekstual, kemandirian belajar
Pengembangan Media Pop-Up Book Berbasis Budaya Lokal Keberagaman Budaya Bangsaku Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sholeh Muhammad
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is the development of local culture-based Pop-Up Book media based on process skills to train students' confidence that is valid, practical and effective. Focus on the PPKn class IV load, the sub-theme of my national culture diversity. This type of research uses the ADDIE development model (analysts, design, development, implementation, evaluation). The research subjects were fourth grade students of elementary school. The results of the local culture-based Pop-Up Book media validation of Grade IV elementary school students are (1) Local culture-based Pop-Up media have teaching material that has a movable part with two-dimensional elements. (2) Fulfilling valid criteria with the results of the material expert test reaching a 97% validity level with the category of "very good", for the test results media experts reached a 91% validity level with the category "very good" and worth trying out. After obtaining the validation results, a small group trial and interview were conducted to find out the practicality of the local culture-based Pop-Up media in grade IV elementary school students. Based on the experiments conducted, it can be concluded that the Pop-Up media that was developed has a high level of validity qualifications, so that this media is suitable for use in learning.
SERVICE EXCELLENT RUMAH MAKAN PADANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF WISATA ISLAMI
Authors: Wardi Yunia , Abror Abror , Trinanda Okki
Published: July 2019

Padang Restaurant is one of the ethnic restaurants in Indonesia from Minangkabau. The existence and "brand" of Padang Restaurant has been very well known in the territory of Indonesia and even in several neighboring countries such as Australia, Singapore, Malaysia and other countries. Padang cuisine, with its taste and variety, is currently in great demand by the wider community. Unlike the canteen, cafe or restaurant, where visitors are given a menu and order the desired food, at the Padang restaurant, when visitors sit, they will be served a whole selection of side dishes available with small plates. After serving then the customer just takes what he wants from the dish table. The problem that can then arise is the food that has been served, but not eaten by visitors. The food will be brought back and served to another table. Not infrequently the food that is still on the visitor's table is pulled back to serve at another table. In addition, food storage is also done in an open place so that visitors can come. These things will certainly bring cleanliness problems. For visitors who are very concerned about cleanliness, of course they will feel uncomfortable seeing the food that has been served at another table and then served on the table. Or see the food served brought from an open place. Service Excellence at the restaurant not only increases the company's profit but can also improve the image of the restaurant. When guests or consumers are satisfied with the service in their restaurant they will promote their satisfaction in the restaurant. Service Excellence is service to consumers to improve service in a company. Service Excellence in Restaurants is a service to consumers to provide satisfaction in the form of excellent service to the restaurant products. Excellent service is very important not only to get big profits but this service must be fulfilled by every company. To provide Service Excellence in the right restaurant, every employee must get training or training so that they are truly able to work well and professionally. A restaurant employee must be able to provide services to consumers whoever they are. Not only employees who are in front but all members of the company must also be able to provide the best service.
Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticle as Adsorbent on The Treatment of Methylene Blue Dye Pollutant
Authors: Thahir Ridhawati , Wahab Abdul Wahid , Nafie Nursiah La , Raya Indah
Published: July 2019

The dye of methylene blue (MB) is organics pollutant from chemical industries. The parameter of MB content are available as methylene blue active substance (MBAS) do not exceed 200 µg/L.  The treatment of MB dye pollutant can be done by adsorption process with TiO2 nanoparticle. This aim of this research was synthesized of TiO2 nanoparticle using PVA as surfactant and titanium tetraisoproxide (TTIP) as titanium source through sol-gel preparation to hydrothermal process at temperature 400 and 600oC. The result of XRD spectrum was shown the tetragonal crystal, the phase of anatase, and the size of particle was 1.66 to 3.15 nm. Infrared spectroscopy of Ti-O functional group was at 467 cm-1 and there were hydroxyl groups of the surface TiO2. DSC analysis was indicated the thermal stability of TiO2 at 250oC. Application of TiO2 nanoparticle as an adsorbent to photodegradation of MB with Hg lamp 150 watt during 60 minutes. The highest of adsorption capacity at the sample TiO2-600 was 217 mg/g and effectiveness adsorption was 81%. Isoterm adsorption process of MB by TiO2 nanoparticle can be obtained with Langmuir and Freundlish equation, with the determined coefficient value were close to 1. These results suggest of TiO2 nanoparticle was indicated highly potential to apply for the treatment of pollutant industries.
Transesterifikasi Minyak Biji Buta-Buta menjadi Biodiesel pada Katalis Heterogen Kalsium Oksida (CaO)
Authors: Zaki Muhammad , Husin, M.T. Husni , Alam Pocut Nurul , Darmadi Darmadi , Rosnelly Cut Meurah , Nurhazanah Nurhazanah
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini menggunakan katalis padat CaO untuk reaksi transesterifikasi minyak biji buta-buta menjadi biodiesel. Minyak biji buta-buta diekstraksi menggunakan alat press. Katalis CaO disiapkan dari cangkang kerang dengan cara dipijar pada suhu 850 oC. Sampel katalis dikarakterisasi dengan metode scanning electron microscopy (SEM) dan x-ray diffractometer (XRD). Katalis cangkang kerang memiliki ukuran partikel antara 200-2000 nm. Hal ini karena pemanasan cangkang pada 850 oC menyebabkan terjadi aglomerasi. Dari rekaman XRD teridentifikasi bahwa katalis didominasi oleh senyawa CaO dan terdapat sedikit CaCO3. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilangsungkan dalam reaktor batch dengan variasi suhu (55 oC, 60 oC, 65oC, dan 70oC), rasio metanol terhadap minyak: 3:1, 6:1, 9:1, 12:1, dan 15:1. Reaksi dilangsungkan selama 3 jam dan katalis didispersi 6 % berat dari minyak. Perolehan metil ester maksimum dicapai 96,7% pada kondisi reaksi, yaitu: molar metanol:minyak 12:1 dan suhu reaksi 65 oC. Karakteristik biodiesel hasil penelitian ini memenuhi sifat-sifat bahan bakar berkualitas tinggi sesuai dengan standar SNI dan ASTM. Proses transesterifikasi minyak biji buta-buta dan metanol menggunakan CaO sebagai katalis basa heterogen layak diaplikasikan secara komersial untuk produksi biodiesel dalam skala industri.
Timely promotion as a motivation factor for job performance among pre-primary school teachers: Observations from Tanzania
Authors: Ndijuye Laurent Gabriel , Tandika Pambas Basilius
Published: July 2019

The study explored the role of timely promotion as a motivational factor among pre-primary school teachers. Two districts (1 urban affluent and 1 rural poor) were selected. Stratified purposive sampling was used in the selection of 16 schools - 08 from each district; 32 pre-primary school teachers - 04 from each school, and 08 school principals - 01 from each school. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires and documentary review. Regardless of urbanicity, findings revealed that the primary responsibility of teachers was to ensure children’s holistic development. Achievement of this role solely depended on timely promotion and other motivational factors such as the involvement of teachers in decision making, appreciation from educational officers, and good working conditions. It recommends that joint efforts among pre-primary education stakeholders should timely promote teachers, pay their salary arrears, upwardly review teachers’ welfare packages, and the conditions of services.
Vesicovaginal fistula in a dog with urinary incontinence
Authors: Shea Emily K. , Berent Allyson C. , Weisse Chick W.
Published: July 2019

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 5-year-old spayed female Maltese mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation because of severe urinary incontinence refractory to medical management.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

Physical examination revealed constant dribbling of urine and urine scalding. Culture of a urine sample yielded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Proteus mirabilis. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed absence of the left kidney, a small, nondistended urinary bladder, and diffuse hepatopathy. Urinary incontinence persisted despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Cystourethroscopy and vaginoscopy were subsequently performed and revealed a hypoplastic bladder and a vesicovaginal fistula with urinary leakage through the vaginal diverticulum; no left ureterovesicular junction was identified, consistent with suspected left renal aplasia.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the cranial aspect of the vagina was circumferentially ligated immediately caudal to the fistula. The urinary incontinence resolved immediately after surgery, and lower urinary tract signs improved over the next 2 weeks. Moderate urinary incontinence recurred approximately 6 months later, and a urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli was subsequently identified and treated; clinical signs resolved ≤ 48 hours after treatment was initiated.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

To the author's knowledge, vesicovaginal fistulas in dogs have not been previously described and should be considered a differential diagnosis for persistent urinary incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infections in female dogs. Vaginoscopy in addition to cystourethroscopy was required to identify the abnormality in this patient. Because multiple concurrent anomalies can be present, both procedures should be performed in female dogs with these clinical signs, even if an abnormality is identified cystoscopically.
Nonlocal boundary value problem in terms of flow for Sturm-Liouville operator in differential and difference statements
Authors: Dovletov Dovlet M.
Published: July 2019

Sturm-Liouville operator with second kind of nonlocal boundary value conditions is considered. For the classical solution, a priori estimate is established and unique existence is proved. Associated finite-difference scheme is proposed on uniform mesh and second-order accuracy for approximation is proved. An application of obtained results to nonlocal boundary problems with weight integral conditions is provided.
Existence of nonnegative solutions for a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem
Authors: Guezane-Lakoud Assia , Belakroum Kheireddine
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with the existence of solutions for a class of boundary value problem (BVP) of fractional differential equation with three point conditions via Leray-Schauder nonlinear alternative. Moreover, the existence of nonnegative solutions is discussed.
The Dirichlet problem for elliptic equation with several singular coefficients
Authors: Ergashev Tuhtasin G.
Published: July 2019

Recently found all the fundamental solutions of a multidimensional singular elliptic equation are expressed in terms of the well-known Lauricella hypergeometric function in many variables. In this paper, we find a unique solution of the Dirichlet problem for an elliptic equation with several singular coefficients in explicit form. When finding a solution, we use decomposition formulas and some adjacent relations for the Lauricella hypergeometric function in many variables.
Eigenvalues asymptotics for Stark operators
Authors: Najar Hatem , Raissi Monia
Published: July 2019

We give the eigenvalues asymptotics for the Stark operator of the form −Δ+F x, F > 0 on L2([0, d]). This is given in the case when F is small enough or sufficiently large. We impose various boundary conditions. The proof is based on the asymptotics of the specialized Airy functions.
Neurohermeneutics A Transdisciplinary Approach to Literature
Authors: Gambino Renata , Pulvirenti Grazia
Published: July 2019

In the epistemic frame of the biocultural turn and of the neuroaesthetics, we have developed neurohermeneutics as an approach to literature that aims at contributing to the current debate about the linkage between literary, cognitive and neuroscientific studies, focusing on the relationship between mindbrain processes mirrored in the formal features of the text and the strategies activated by the author in a text in order to guide the reader in imagining, emotionally feeling and cognitively getting meanings out of the literary experience. The aim of the neurohermeneutical approach is to grasp and describe phenomenologically the mirroring process between the two extremes of the literary experience, i.e. the writer’s creative process as it is mirrored in the formal features of the literary work and the reader’s imaginative reconfiguration of the text, and what they share in common. The reader revives the mental imaginative processes of the author by creating his/her unrepeatable individual experiences of the text and subjectively redesigning it in an endless loop of features that trigger the imagination and its creative potential both while writing and by reading literature.
Penetrative convection due to absorption of radiation in a magnetic nanofluid saturated porous layer
Authors: Mahajan Amit , Sharma Mahesh Kumar
Published: July 2019

The present study investigates the onset of penetrative convection in- duced by selective absorption of radiation in a magnetic nanofluid saturated porous medium. The influence of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and magnetophoresis on magnetic nanofluid treatment is taken into consideration. The Darcy’s model is selected for the porous medium. We conduct a linear stability analysis to examine the onset of instability and evaluate the results for two different configurations, namely, when the layer is heated from below and when the layer is heated from above. The numerical investigations are carried out by applying the Chebyshev pseudospectral method. The effect of the porosity parameter E, parameter Y (represents the ratio of internal heating to boundary heating), Lewis number Le, concentration Rayleigh number Rn, Langevin parameter αL, width of nanofluid layer d, diffusivity ratio η, and modified diffusivity ratio NA is examined at the onset of convection. The results indicate that the convection commences easily with an increase in the value of Y, Le, and NA but opposite in the case with a decrease in the value of E, αL, η and d for both the two configurations. The parameter Rn advances the onset of convection when the layer is heated from below, while delays the onset of convection when the layer is heated from above.
Construction and Monitoring of Cement/Bentonite Cutoff Walls: Case Study of Karkheh Dam, Iran
Authors: Faridmehr Iman , YazdaniPour Mohammad Reza , Jokar Mohammad Javadi , Ozbakkaloglu Togay
Published: July 2019

Water seepage is one of the most important features of embankment dams. To prevent and reduce seepage, it is necessary to seal the dam. Plastic concrete cutoff walls are one of the most efficient methods in waterproofing the foundation of embankment dams on permeable alluvial substrates. Sufficient resistance to loads, low permeability to maintain dam sealing, high ductility compatible with the foundation and deformation under load without cracking are the main requirements in plastic concrete cutoff walls. In this paper, the construction and implementation of the cutoff wall of Karkheh Dam, which is one the world’s largest water sealing projects, was studied. In addition, a numerical model using Seep-3D software was developed to evaluate the efficiency of the cut-off wall to decrease the seepage over the dam’s foundation. The numerical results validated by instrumentation statistics resulted from 17-years dam operation. According to the results, after the drainage of the reservoir, the cutoff wall optimally reduced the hydraulic gradient by 0.08 from 2.35 and the water leakage by 3.1 m/s from 18.3 m/s.
The Effects of Direct Red Bull Administration to Isolated Hearts of Trained and Untrained Rats Who Regularly Consumed or Did Not Consume Energy Drink: Focus on Cardiodynamics and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Pusica Irena , Srejovic Ivan , Bradic Jovana , Smigic Jelena , Bolevich Stefani , Bolevich Sergey , Jakovljević Vladimir , Djordjevic Dusica
Published: July 2019

Energy drinks (EDs) contain caffeine and other active ingredients which affect cardiovascular system. The aims of this study were to examine direct effects of Red Bull (RB) on cardiodynamics and oxidative stress in isolated hearts of rats. The rats were divided into four groups: untrained rats who never consumed ED (dEDUT); untrained rats who consumed ED 5 days a week during 4 weeks (ch+dED-UT); rats trained 5 times a week for 4 weeks, but did not consume ED (dED-T); rats trained and consumed ED 5 times a week for 4 weeks (ch+dED-T). After sacrificing, hearts were isolated and perfused according to Langendorff technique. Through the isolated heart of all rats in each group, RB was administered. The parameters of cardiac function were recorded, and the levels of prooxidants were measured in the coronary effluent during coronary autoregulation. Rats in ch+dED-UT group had significantly lower rates of myocardial contraction and relaxation compared to rats in dED-UT group. The same effect was recorded in the dED-T group compared to dED-UT group. The levels of hydrogen peroxide were significantly higher in trained rats. Rats in ch+dED-T group also had significantly higher levels of superoxide anion radical and index of lipid peroxidation, as well as lower levels of nitrites when compared to ch+dED-UT group, while opposite effect was recorded in rats in dED-T group compared to dEDUT group. The RB could have a potentially negative inotropic effect in chronic consumers. Prooxidative effect of RB was most pronounced in trained chronic consumers.
أثر الحساب الجاري في الاساس النقدي من خلال سعر الصرف – العراق حالة دراسية للمدة 2004 - 2016
Authors: Niema Samir F.
Published: July 2019

أهتم البحث باستقصاء أثر الحساب الجاري في الاساس النقدي(*) من خلال سعر الصرف، لان الاساس النقدي يتنامى بزيادة صافي الموجودات الاجنبية عبر العمليات النقدية والتي تصورها الميزانية العمومية للبنك المركزي والمقيدة بحركة الانفاق الحكومي والذي يهيمن علية التمويل من مصدر نفطي عبر صافي الصادرات خلال مدة البحث، وهذا الاجراء يحدد مستوى الطلب الكلي والناتج المحلي، وهذه العملية هي جوهر حركة الاساس النقدي، وبسبب ثبات سعر الصرف يكون صافي الاحتياطيات الاجنبية هي المحرك الاساس في خلق النقود عبر الاساس النقدي، لذلك نلاحظ ترابط وثيق بين الميزان المالي والحساب الجاري واسعار النفط والانفاق العام، لان صافي الاحتياطيات الاجنبية المتحققة هي التي تحدد عرض النقد بثبات سعر الصرف،من هنا توصل البحث الى اهم الاستنتاجات والتوصيات، ومن أهم الاستنتاجات عند تقدير الاثر للحساب الجاري على الاساس النقدي تبين وجود تكامل مشترك بينهما حسب اختبار (جوهانسن – جسليوس) عبر اختبارات الامكان الاعظم وأختبار الاثر، ووجود علاقة توازنية طويلة الاجل لاتتباعد كثيرأ عن بعضها البعض من خلال سلوكها، ومن أهم التوصيات اعادة تقييم القيمة الحقيقية لسعر صرف الدينار مقابل الدولار (لاستبعاد المغالاة) لصالح صافي الاحتياطيات الاجنبية لمتصاص الصدمات السعرية او التخفيف عنها بما في ذلك صدمة اسعار النفط عن طريق تغيير الانفاق الحكومي (الطلب الكلي) او تغيير مكوناته لصالح الانفاق الاستثماري لينعكس بمرونة اكبر في صافي الميزان التجاري عبر تخفيض الاستيرادات الاستهلاكية، اذ نسعى من خلال هذا التحليل الى انخفاض قيمة العملة المحلية كبديل لاستخدام الاحتياطيات الاجنبية وتجارب كل من الارجنتين والبرازيل وفنزويلاً والاردن والصين تشير الى ذلك.
Implementasi Kebijakan Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kinerja Pegawai Pada Badan Kepagwaian Dearah Kabupaten Klungkung
Authors: Pramawati A.  A.  I. Alit , Sri Widnyani , Ida Ayu Putu
Published: July 2019

Upaya untuk meningkatkan disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil pada Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Kabupaten Klungkung sudah sering dilakukan seperti menerapkan absensi sidik jari. Namun pada kenyataannya walaupun sudah menggunakan absensi sidik jari, masih saja terjadi beberapa pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh kelompok sasaran ataupun dari pelaksana kebijakan disiplin pada  Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Kabupaten Klungkung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dan hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa implementasi kebijakan disiplin belum bisa dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Belum ada pengawasan terhadap pelanggaran disiplin yang dilakukan oleh pegawai. Masalah lain yang terjadi adalah belum terbentuknya Tim Pemeriksa/Pembina Pertimbangan Hukuman Disiplin pada Badan Kepegawai Daerah Kabupaten Klungkung. Terakhir, para pelaksana kebijakan disiplin belum memahami secara baik pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010.
Perspektif Politisasi Birokrasi Dan Peran Pejabat Pembina Kepegawaian Dalam Birokrasi Pemerintah
Authors: Rakhmawanto Ajib
Published: July 2019

Pada saat ini kecenderungan dari pelaksanaan sistem pemerintahan di daerah tidak membedakan secara jelas antara jabatan politik dengan jabatan karier. Perkembangan birokrasi lokal masih memperlihatkan kuatnya pengaruh politik dalam birokrasi pemerintahan daerah. Kasus mutasi dan pemberhentian jabatan tanpa adanya alasan yang rasional, setidak-tidaknya memperlihatkan bahwa kuatnya pengaruh politik dalam birokrasi lokal. Kemudian Pejabat politik yang berasal dari partai politik yang berperan sebagai Pejabat Pembina Kepegawaian (PPK) masih mempraktekkan berbagai tindakan yang kurang tepat dalam mengelola aparatur PNS di daerah. Pejabat birokrasi karier yang seharusnya diangkat dan diberhentikan secara profesional dengan mempertimbangkan sistem karier, ternyata lebih banyak ditentukan oleh pendekatan politik semata. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif ini mencoba menjelaskan mengapa terjadi politisasi birokrasi di Pemerintahan Daerah dan faktor apa yang menyebabkannya.Untuk menata sistem pemerintahan daerah dan pelaksanaan politik lokal yang paling tepat untuk diterapkan adalah memisahkan secara tegas antara jabatan politik yang menjadi domain partai politik dan jabatan karier yang menjadi domain PNS sebagai aparatur negara yang berperan pelaksana kebijakan. Kebebasan birokrasi yang tidak membedakan secara jelas antara politik dengan administrasi akan memunculkan euforia kekuatan politik yang dilakukan oleh pejabat politik lokal dan pejabat karier birokrasi.Pemerintahan Daerah dapat dimainkan oleh peran pejabat politik yang hanya mementingkan kepentingan individu dan partai politiknya. Sehingga akan membuat tatanan birokrasi menjadi tidak efektif dan akan merusak sistem Pemerintahan Daerah.
Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Jabatan Administrasi dan Fungsional Peneliti (Standar Kinerja Utama) Di Kedeputian Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknik Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
Authors: Fitrianingrum Lia
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penilaian prestasi kerja individu dalam 2 grup yang berbeda yaitu jabatan fungsional peneliti dan administrasi. Dilihat dari sisi unsur – unsurnya (content validity). Tujuan utama dari penilaian prestasi kerja adalah mendapatkan tunjangan kinerja, meningkatkan produktifitas dan tanggung jawab yang digunakan untuk para pimpinan mengambil keputusan.  Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah multigroup analisis yaitu dengan membandingkan prestasi kerja dua kelompok pegawai di kedua grup tersebut dengan pendekatan persamaan struktural (Struktural Equation Model-SEM). Adapun responden yang menjadi unit analisis adalah sebanyak 200 responden dengan pembagian 100 responden fungsional peneliti dan 100 responden pegawai administrasi di lingkungan LIPI. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa melalui penelitian ini terungkap bahwa ketiga unsur penilaian prestasi kerja yaitu quality, quantity, timeliness merupakan dimensi yang relevan, artinya bahwa ketiga unsur tersebut tepat digunakan untuk menilai prestasi kerja kedua grup tersebut yaitu grup jabatan fungsional peneliti dan grup pegawai administrasi. Selanjutnya konsep baru yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa walaupun semua dimensi dapat digunakan dalam penilaian prestasi kerja tetapi bobot relevansi masing – masing dimensi berbeda pada masing-masing grup, dan yang sangat signifikan perbedaannya di kedua grup tersebut adalah pada dimensi quality.
Manajemen Program Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata oleh Dinas Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kerinci
Authors: Adrianto Adrianto , Syamsurizaldi Syamsurizaldi , Zetra Aidinil
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum meningkatnya secara signifikan angka kunjungan wisatawan, khususnya wisatawan mancanegara sejak ditetapkannya Kabupaten Kerinci sebagai branding pariwisata Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen program  pengembangan destinasi pariwisata oleh Dinas Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kerinci. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori manajemen George R. Terry. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan data primer dan sekuder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Informan ditentukan dengan purposive sampling, yakni Kepala Bidang dan Staf Bidang Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Dinas Pariwisata Kebudayaan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kerinci serta pihak  terkait lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa manajemen program pengembangan destinasi pariwisata Kabupaten Kerinci belum dilaksanakan dengan baik,  dan masih ditemukan beberapa kendala dalam proses manajemen program. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penyempurnaan dalam beberapa hal, seperti penyiapan dokumen perencanaan induk pengembangan pariwisata daerah, meningkatkan koordinasi lintas OPD dengan membentuk Tim, meningkatkan alokasi dan ketepatan penggunaan anggaran, dan peningkatan sumberdaya dan kerjasama dengan stakeholder dalam pengelolaan destinasi pariwisata.
National Security and National Library
Authors: Sokolov Arkadiy V.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study is to understand the mission of national library in the system of national security of Russia. The author formulates definition of national security basing on the analysis of state concepts and doctrines of national security. The national library is conceived as a humanistic resource of national security, which is protected from information wars. The author considers the components of national security: the nation at the level of individual, society and state; national values in the form of demographic stability, cultural heritage, favourable environment; hazards — hostile phenomena detrimental to the nation; types of security — the types of activities necessary to overcome external and internal hazards; resources — social institutions that ensure the integrity and sustainable development of the nation. The paper proposes definition of bibliosphere as a super-system (system of systems), carrying out production, preservation, use and further development of the national book communication. The components of bibliosphere are: professionally specialized social institutions (publishing, printing industry, book trade, librarianship, bibliography); bibliophile social and cultural movement; commercial and non-profit associations; government authorities and censorship, etc. Considering the doctrine of information security, the author notes that bibliosphere is not an element of information sphere and an object of information security. Culture is presented as a key factor in national security. The paper characterizes the dilemma of militarization and humanization of society in the post-industrial era and emphasizes the urgency of formation of moral and creative individual. The author grounds the new understanding of social mission of the national library.
Augmented Reality Technology in Library Practice
Authors: Savitskaya Tatiana E.
Published: July 2019

The article considers technology of augmented reality (AR) — the imposition of digital data on real objects in real time. The aim of the article is to analyse the modification of forms and methods of library work under the influence of active implementation of AR-technology. The author notes that the interactive potential of augmented reality interfaces is increasingly being used abroad for navigation within libraries, search for necessary literature in book depositories, for tracking the movement of books and providing users with extended textual and audio-visual information.

The article discusses various forms of application of AR-technologies in library practice abroad: supplementing exhibitions and expositions with audio-visual and textual information; use of QR (Quick response) codes and RFID (Radio frequency identification) tags to facilitate access to online information, development of computer games for orientation in the library space, modernization of management of library collections, etc. The author describes the use of radio-frequency tags with special elements (RFID station) for personalized assistance to readers, optimization of social relations, so familiar to modern readers who are able to specify their location, leave a message to friends or staff, etc. Such a wide application of AR-technology in the library makes it a fragment of a “smart city”, convenient intellectual environment with a light transition membrane from offline to online.

Among library mobile applications as the fastest growing sphere of library services providing online access to catalogue, databases, interlibrary lending, chat rooms, SMS services, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, etc. accounts, the share of AR applications using QR codes and RFID tags is constantly growing. The use of augmented reality devices in libraries opens up new horizons in terms of introduction of modern methods of informatization of knowledge and user services, adequate to the era of comprehensive computerization, the ubiquitous “Internet of things”.
Historian, Archivist, Bibliographer: P.A. Zaionchkovskij and the Russian State Library
Authors: Galperina Inna G. , Gorshkova Natalia V.
Published: July 2019

At present, when the majority of users in search for information excessively turn to the Internet as a primary data source, the problem of reliability of the obtained data is particularly acute. Libraries, whose main function is to store and provide access to information existing both in print and electronic forms, traditionally tend to maintain the exceptional level of completeness and validity of the data and sources provided. One of the ways to achieve such reliability is interaction of libraries with scientists in the field of data systematization, verification, storage and access providing. The article analyses the scientific work of the outstanding Russian historian P.A. Zaionchkovskij in the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR (now — the Russian State Library, RSL) and considers his scientific cooperaction with the Library for several decades as a successful example of library-scientists’ partnership. In 1944—1952, he served as the Head of the Department of manuscripts of the V.I. Lenin State Library. Under his supervision, the accounting of the Department’s stock was reorganized, preservation of the existing and newly acquired collections was ensured; the user access of researches to the information on the collections’ content and composition was significantly improved; the unique team of scientific personnel was formed. The article gives thorough overview of the scientific and publication activity of the Department during that period. The authors also review the contribution of P.A. Zaionchkovskij to the development of the problem of bibliographic providing for historical science. In the 1960s — 1980s, under his scientific supervision, the bibliographic staff of the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR and other major Russian libraries prepared the unique publications — “Reference Books on the History of Pre-revolutionary Russia” and multivolume annotated Index “The History of Pre-revolutionary Russia in Diaries and Memoirs”. P.A. Zaionchkovskij laid the foundation for the lasting many years and still developing project on creation of retrospective scientific auxiliary indices of memoir literature. The partnership of P.A. Zaionchkovskij and the V.I. Lenin State Library is an excellent example of the successful and fruitful interaction of scientists and library staff.
Discussion on the Ways of Librarianship Development in Russia at the All-Russian Library Congress — 2019
Authors: Meshcheryakova Victoria V. , Trushina Irina A.
Published: July 2019

The article presents an overview of the activities of the All-Russian Library Congress — the 24th Annual Conference of the Russian Library Association (RLA), which was held on May 11—17, 2019 in Tula, the Library Capital of Russia in 2019. The theme of the Congress is “Concept of Development and Strategic Objectives of Librarianship in Russia”. The authors note the expansion of international participation in the Congress’ 2019, the increase of the number of special and training events, the increasing integration and interaction of various sections of the RBA.

The Congress approved the main provisions of the draft Concept of librarianship development in Russia, adopted the RLA Manifesto “Library is the Humanistic Stronghold of the Nation” and approved the draft revision of supplemented “Manual of Library Services for Children in Russia”.

The authors consider the events of the Congress — two plenary sessions, section meetings, School of Acquisitions Librarian, School of Library Blogger, which became the place for discussions on a wide range of questions, the 20th Exhibition of publishing products, new information technologies, goods and services, as well as about 530 reports. The article emphasizes the importance of participation of libraries in the “Culture” National project and the role of the Program on modernization of municipal libraries. The Congress discussed the legal framework of library work; project activities; digital environment of libraries; social partnership with institutions of culture, education and tourism; issues of standardization, etc. The article highlights the election of Vice-presidents and Board members of the RLA, as well as presents the procedural decisions taken: on the establishment of the RBA Foundation, on the need to develop draft professional standards for the leading directions of library activities, etc.
Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate with Molecular Fe(III) Complexes Containing Pendent Proton Relays
Authors: Nichols Asa W. , Hooe Shelby L. , Kuehner Joseph S. , Dickie Diane A. , Machan Charles
Published: July 2019

Electrocatalytic performance of two Fe complexes for CO2 reduction to formate is described. Pendent functional groups are found to enhance the rate and activity of the catalytic response.
Dental Caries Experience among Industrial Workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Kesari Singh  , Abhinav Bhasker
Published: July 2019

Background: Dental caries, the oral disease with multifactorial causes is a major public health problem leading go medically significant morbidity and impacting the general health of a population directly or indirectly. Dental caries is known to affect people from every population.

Objective: To assess dental caries experience in permanent dentition among industrial workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1024 industrial workers of Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, in the age group of 16-55 years. Dental caries experience was assessed using WHO dentition status proforma (2013). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0.

Results: Out of 1024 study subjects, 572 were males and 452 were females. Caries prevalence was found to be 47.46%. Mean decay-missing-filled teeth score of the population was 0.95 ± 0.45 and was found to be higher among females (1.06 ± 0.42) as compared to males (0.93 ± 0.38).

Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries in industrial workers is noteworthy. Essential requisites to bring this under control include awareness regarding good dental health, education on prevention of dental caries and implication of necessary measures for the provision of adequate dental care.
Indian Dental Workforce: The Need of Getting It Back To Action
Authors: Vapninder Kaur
Published: July 2019

India encounters a severe gap in the number of working dental professionals to that required. Population explosion and development are on the peak whereas good dental health is lacking behind. India has got numerous dental institutions, governing dental bodies, established dental associations but inadequate dental workforce, poor health literacy and substandard oral health status. This obviously implies that we are somewhere something is going wrong that is hindering the country from achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The need of the hour is to focus on the concerned issues, formulation of fool proof policies and strategies, strengthening oral health education and implementation of oral health programs with continuous surveillance.
Caregrief scale confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of portuguese caregivers
Authors: Vasconcelos-Raposo José , Ribeiro Ana , Silva Ana , Santos Beatriz , Teixeira Carla M.
Published: July 2019

There is a great deal of information about caregivers’ suffering. However, there is a lack of scales in Portugal that evaluate this dimension of human behavior. The purpose of this study was to validate and adapt the Caregiver Grief Scale (CGS), developed by Franziska Meichsner, Denise Schinköthe, and Gabriele Wilz (2016) for the German population, to assess the degree of suffering of caregivers. To analyze the instrument’s psychometric properties, we used confirmatory factorial analysis with a sample of 150 caregivers (formal and informal). The results did not confirm the proposal of a 4-factor model (emotional pain, relational loss, complete loss, and loss acceptance), as proposed by the German study. Subsequently, we used the exploratory factorial analysis that suggested a unifactorial model, which confirmatory factorial analysis showed was more adequate for the study sample, with values of: χ² / df = 2.023; CFI = .970; GIF = .923; RMSEA = .083; AIC = 110.724. The internal consistency analysis indicated a Cronbach alpha of .936, and the Composite Reliability was .934. In conclusion, the German Caregiver Grief Scale multifactorial structure was not replicated in the Portuguese sample. For the Portuguese population, the caregivers suffering scale presented a unifactorial construct. In Portugal, it is recommended that future studies be carried out with a differentiated sample of caregivers.
Motivações para a prática e não prática desportiva
Authors: Martins Edith , Borges Diana , Ferreira Marco , Mano Miriam
Published: July 2019

Este estudo tem por objectivo conhecer as motivações que levam os indivíduos à prática e não prática desportiva. A amostra foi constituída por 186 indivíduos sendo 100 do sexo feminino e 86 do sexo masculino com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 35 anos de idade. Foram aplicados como instrumentos: o Questionário de Motivação para as Actividades Desportivas - QMAD e o Inquérito de Motivações para a Ausência de Actividade Desportiva – IMAAD. Os resultados indicaram que existem diferenças entre sexos no que se refere aos motivos para a prática e não prática desportiva. Os motivos mais importantes para a prática foram “estar em boa condição física”, “fazer exercício” e “manter a forma” e os menos importantes foram “ser conhecido”, “ter a sensação de ser importante” e “ pretexto para sair de casa”. Os motivos mais importantes para a não prática foram “ falta de hábitos desportivos”, “por preguiça” e “falta de interesse, de vontade”.
Faktor Risiko Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Penderita Tb Paru BTA Positif
Authors: Rojali Rojali , Noviatuzzahrah Noviatuzzahrah
Published: July 2019

This study was to determine the factors that affect the compliance of treatment of tuberculosis patients smear-positive pulmonary in Community Health Centers Cipondoh, Tangerang, Banten, the year 2015-2016. This research design was "case-control". The population was all positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients who received treatment and recorded in the listing sheet of TB-01 of Cipondoh Community Health Centers. Total samples were 35 people which been meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result showed treatment compliance description which was 80% of tuberculosis pulmonary patients obedient to medication. A predisposing factor was 74.3% for men; 82.9% new types of sufferers; 82.9% duration of treatment 6 months. The enabling factor was 37.1% of the distance to the Community Health Centers 1.26 km. The reinforcing factor of 80% did not have supervisor taking medicine. Analysis of the correlation between predisposing factor and compliance of tuberculosis treatment of smear-positive pulmonary, there was no relationship for gender variable, patient type, duration of treatment, and distance of home to Community HealthÂ  Centers. Analysis of the correlation between reinforcing factor with compliance of tuberculosis treatment of smear-positive obtained no relation for the variable status of supervisor taking medicine.