bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selected morbidities among workers of a chemical processing industry in Goa
Authors: Naik Mahika Virendra , Shailesh Kalyani , Cacodcar Jagadish A.
Published: July 2022

Background: Exposure to various physical, mechanical, chemical hazards and unsafe practices by workers of fertiliser industries leads to many illnesses. So far not much attention has been given to occupational hazards in fertilizer industry. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess selected morbidities among workers in a fertilizer industry in Goa.Methods: The study was conducted over a period of November 2018 to December 2018. The data of the workers was obtained from an occupational health and safety (OHS) centre catering to a fertilizer industry in North-Goa which conducted periodic medical check-ups of the workers. The date included details regarding selected morbidities among workers of the fertilizer industry.Results: Among the workers, over one-third i.e. 104 (37.3%) were overweight and 38 (13.6%) were obese with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. 22 (7.9%) workers were hypertensive, 35 (12.5%) were diabetic, 46 (26.5%) had abnormal far vision and 24 (8.6%) had near vision abnormalities. Spirometry reports showed 17 (6.1%) workers suffered from mild restrictive lung disease. Assessment of audiometry reports revealed that 2 (0.8%) workers had mild hearing loss, 4 (1.6%) had moderate hearing loss and 2 (0.8%) had severe hearing loss.Conclusions: Workers in a fertilizer industry suffer from several morbidities, including the diseases like diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Apart from this, they also suffer from hearing impairment, visual impairment and conditions impairing their pulmonary functions. Periodic medical examinations are needed for timely detection and appropriate treatment of these health conditions among the workers.
Prevalence of foot problems associated with wearing safety footwear in factory employees
Authors: Dumbhare Shruti A. , Nagarwala Raziya M. , Shyam Ashok K. , Sancheti Parag K.
Published: July 2022

Background: In majority of heavy industries and factories safety footwear is a mandatory safety obligation, thus a necessity for workers in industrial settings, contributing to foot problems, interfering with work capacity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find prevalence of foot problems occurring due to safety footwear. To find the prevalence of foot problem associated with wearing safety footwear in factory employees.Methods: Factory employees working in industrial setting wearing safety footwear for prolonged duration on regular basis were included in the study. Subjects having any recent ankle and below knee fractures in last 6 months were excluded. Samples were collected from different industrial settings, with the help of a self-made questionnaire. Descriptive analysis of the data collected was done and the responses were converted into percentiles and represented in graphical form.Results: 62.50% subjects complain pain in the heel and bottom of the foot (plantar fasciitis), 50.83% pain in the foot (radiating up to calf), 47.50% excessive heat/wet condition, 30.83% hard dead skin on the pressure areas of the foot (foot corn), 12.50% blisters/swelling on the foot, bump/bulge on the joint at the base of the big toe (bunion), numbness of great toe, 10.83% interference with blood circulation. 43.34% employees the intensity of pain caused by wearing safety footwear interfere with their working capacity. For 43.34% employees the intensity of pain caused by wearing safety footwear interferes with their working capacity.Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is significant prevalence of foot problems caused due to wearing safety footwear. These foot problems limit the working capacity of the individual.
Evaluation and comparison of the effect of autoclave and chemical sterilization on the dimensional accuracy and stability of two elastomeric impression materials-an in vitro study
Authors: Shervani Afifa Rasheed , Saxena Deepesh , Aggarwal Sumit , Bhatnagar Pratik
Published: July 2022

Background: Infection control has been an important parameter in day-to-day dental practice is infection control. But sometimes while the execution of treatment, during impression making an unforeseen complication may arise due lack of proper disinfection protocol which might lead to transfer of infection between patient to other personnel. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of autoclave and chemical sterilization on the dimensional accuracy and stability of two elastomeric impression materials.Methods: A total of 40 impressions were made with a special impression making device with 2 types of elastomeric impression materials polyvinyl siloxane and polyether. The samples were divided into 2 groups, group 1 was chemically disinfected, whereas group 2 was autoclaved of each material respectively. Measurements were made immediately after the impression is made. Immediately after sterilization and 7 days (168 hours) after sterilization.Results: the dimensional accuracy of polyether was seen to be slightly better than polyvinyl siloxane when measured before chemical and autoclave sterilization.Conclusions: The dimensional stability of polyvinyl siloxane was seen to be better than polyether when measured after autoclave and chemical sterilization but is statistically insignificant at a 0.05 level of significance.
A cross sectional study on depression, anxiety and stress among the first-year medical students
Authors: Gupta Shailesh , Potdar Pratishtha , Singh Ranjana , Shukla Kamlesh Kumar
Published: July 2022

Background: A study based on depression, anxiety and stress score (DASS) among youngsters is crucial to know about their levels towards dispersion, anxiety and stress. It is significant to conduct such study due to fast life and behaviour changes among society especially in metro city. To know the levels of DASS among first year medical students, and to compare their DASS score levels between male and female students.Methods: A total of 146 first year medical students were included for completion of the study. Pre-designed scale (DASS scale 21) was used to collect the data. This study was conducted at the department of community medicine, Noida international institute of medical science, Guatam Budh Nagar near Delhi, India. Univariate and bivariate tables along with chi-square test have been used for presentation of data. Independent t test has also been employed to compare between DASS mean score among male and female respondents.Results: Mean±SD scores of depressions, anxiety and stress of students were found 10.23±8.63, 10.35±8.66 and 11.50±8.29 respectively according to DASS scale. Majority of the students were reported about stress due to new destination, relation with friends and vast syllabus. Conclusions: It was statistically insignificant difference for mean score of depression, anxiety and stress respectively between male and female students. It was also insignificant difference between age groups (<20 and ≥20 years) and their DASS levels. Anxiety and Stress score were observed more for female in comparison to male students.
Assessment of complementary feeding knowledge and practices of mothers registered at Anganwadi centers of Jaipur
Authors: Nagar Priyanka , Talikoti Pooja
Published: July 2022

Background: In children under five, malnutrition is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. If infants are not correctly fed during their first year of life, they will develop significant health problems and be less productive later in life. Considering the importance of this, the knowledge and practices for these infants were assessed.Methods: The study was carried out in the slum areas of Kachchibasti, Jagatpura, Jaipur among 100 mothers of children aged 6-24 months registered at 10 AWC selected on the basis of average functioning. The knowledge was assessed by using a questionnaire and practices of mothers observed by personal home visits (sample size-20 mothers).Results: Thirty-eight per cent of the mothers were not aware about introduction of complementary feeding. 87% of the mothers are housewives and 94% of mothers are literate. Only 49% of the registered children in age group 6-12 months are collecting the supplementary nutrition, while only 62% are in age group 12-24 months is collecting supplementary nutrition.Conclusions: There is a strong need for timely introduction of complementary foods, nutrition counseling during pregnancy, lactation and illness and making the mothers aware that even the community support is required for the nutrition of the children.
Anxiety and insomnia prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in the Ministry of Health and Prevention- United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alrand Hussain , Harbi Alya , Razzak Hira Abdul , Eltabbakh Mohamed Tawfik , Al Shaali Lubna , E. Salama Rasha
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have the potential to influence the mental health of the frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), working in the time of crisis. Hence, it is essential to monitor the anxiety, sleep, along with the other mental health concerns to realize the interceding risk factors as well as to inform tailored interventions. This study therefore aims to detect the psychological impact of COVID-19 experienced by the healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic working in the Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP) facilities.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between 25 October 2020 to 30 September 2021 by recruiting 404 healthcare providers currently working in different hospitals of the MOHAP.Results: Of 404 healthcare workers, 76.7% were females and 23.3% were males. About 35.6% were aged 36-45 years. The majority of the participants were non-locals (84.4), 23.5% were doctors/physicians, and 58.7% were nurses, 7.7% were pharmacist, remaining were other healthcare providers. Overall, 10.6% and 3.2% of all healthcare workers reported severe symptoms of anxiety, and insomnia respectively. Only age, gender, qualification, worried about being infected with COVID-19 and likelihood of being infected from COVID-19 showed statistically significant results (p<0.05).Conclusions: The pandemic with respect to the COVID-19 tends to have a noteworthy impact on the mental health of healthcare workers. This evidence indicates that substantial proportion of healthcare workers may experience sleep disturbances and anxiety during the outbreak suggesting a necessity to indicating traditions of mitigating the risks of mental health and regulate interventions under pandemic situations.
Study of nutritional status and feeding practices in under five children from Solapur city
Authors: Jidge Ashvini C. , Rokade Hemlata G. , Rokade Hemlata G. , Nadgire Snehal S. , Nadgire Snehal S.
Published: July 2022

Background: In spite of various nutrition programs, burden of malnutrition is still high in India. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the gaps in community. Objective was to study the proportion of malnutrition and its association with some of the socio-demographic factors and also to study the trends of complementary feeding practices in children from 0 to 5 years attending UHTC OPD.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 146 children under 5 years attending UHTC OPD during a study period of 2 months.Results: There were 70.55% of participants having malnutrition. About 15.75% children were severely acute malnourished. About 75.34% mothers received advice about breast feeding and complementary feeding. Exclusively breastfed infants were 48.63% and 52.05% infants were started complementary feeding on time. Only 25.34% were eating food from ≥4 groups and 74.65% children received <4 food groups.Conclusions: Efforts are needed to promote exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate complementary feeding among infants.
Case reports of rhino-orbital mucor mycosis following dengue and typhoid, from a tertiary care institute
Authors: Tiwari Rajesh , Tomar Akanksha , Soni Rupesh
Published: July 2022

Mucor mycosis is a highly invasive and progressive opportunistic infection with higher rates of morbidity and mortality. It is attributed to compromised immunity status of individuals with poor oral and nasal hygiene. It got rapidly progressed and become a visible threat to the life among the delayed diagnosed cases. Therefore, new threats and pathogenesis are required to understand the prevention and treatment of the disease. Dengue is the most common arthropod born viral disease but unfortunately no effective antiviral treatment is available till now. Two case reports were done to illustrates the pathway of Mucor mycosis in dengue and typhoid infection, admitted at Tertiary Care hospital of Jabalpur District. Data was collected through interview with the case and care taker and case file review. These were the case of rhino- orbital Mucor mycosis attributed to compromised immunity during the treatment of respective infection. The early diagnosis, prompt Treatment with necessary surgical intervention are the essential steps to slow down the disease progression as well as successful outcome.
Impact of environmental toxicity on health in ayurvedic parlance
Authors: B. G. Resmi , Yadav Chhaju Ram , M. Abhilash
Published: July 2022

Environmental toxicity is being increased tremendously and its impact on health is unavoidable. Though many remedial measures are being taken, some serious call for action globally should be taken to make the efforts effective. In Ayurveda significant place has been given for environmental health as its fundamental principle itself relies on the fact that only a healthy environment can help in healthy living of the beings as both are inseparable units co-existing in a complementing manner. The extent of pollution was far less during the period when classical texts of Ayurveda were written, considerable value had given even then for the environmental health. Also, in order to reduce the toxicity of environment and to lighten the burden of ill-effects of environmental toxicity many remedial measures have been advocated. The classical Ayurveda texts and articles available in online databases dealing with the concerned subject were reviewed. The toxicity endorsed by the environmental factors could be prevented to a great extent by resorting to the diet and regimen prescribed by Ayurveda, if symptoms already manifested could be managed by the medications and recommendations given in Ayurveda. Prime focus should be on the status of agni and to restore the metabolism in an optimal level so that the health could be maintained. The preventive as well as curative methods advocated in Ayurveda in limiting the ill-effects of environmental toxicity which has been proven through studies have been discussed here. Transition is nearly inevitable and the necessity to be adapted to the changing environmental conditions is very important. By adopting the daily regimen, seasonal regimen, panchakarma (the five purificatory procedures) and rasayana (rejuvenative) therapy, usage of nitya rasayana (daily admissible revitalizers) along with proper code of conduct (sadvrutta and achara rasayana) will definitely help to reduce the infliction of toxic effects of environmental pollution.
A Clinico-Radiological analysis of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted in a dedicated covid hospital of eastern India
Authors: Dubey Roopak , Sen Kamal Kumar , Mishra Aparajita
Published: July 2022

CT scoring helps to stratify patient’s risk and predict short-term outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. we aim to assess the severity of COVID by examining the variations and degree of the pulmonary involvement on the HRCT thorax. We observed trend of increasing severity of COVID as predicted on HRCT in Eastern India population.

HRCT Thorax of 2000 consecutive COVID positive patients were analysed to look for the patterns of lung involvement and to calculate a CT severity score. The CT severity score was compared with laboratory parameters like D-Dimer, CRP, ESR, Procalcitonin, WBC and Lymphocyte count by Pearsons correlation analysis.

Out of 2000 COVID positive patients 1220 (61%) patients were found to be radiologically positive on HRCT chest imaging while 780 patients (39%) had normal CT findings.Out of the 62 patients who died, 54 ( 87%) were having CTSS of > 15. Among the dead patient the prevalence of one or more comorbidities was significantly higher (49/62 patients, 79%) The proportion of patients having CT severity score between 16-25 (Severe patients) had increased from 4% in April-May to 27% in August.

Trend of severity among COVID patients increased as the months passed from April to August. Most of the deaths in our cohort were associated with pre-existing comorbidities suggesting that the COVID was not the sole cause of these deaths. Among the biochemical markers D-Dimer and CRP correlated well with the CT severity score.
Recent update on pterygium
Authors: Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Gupta Ashish , Manisha  , Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul , Patel Amit , Devi Asha , Patel Eshwari , Singh Shivangi
Published: July 2022

Pterygium is an ocular surface disorder associated with fibrovascular growth and elastotic degeneration of the collagen in conjunctiva and cornea. It has high incidence in tropical countries like India especially in males because of abundance of UV light exposure. It does not hamper vision until in later stages when visual axis is involved. But the burden of disease has increased due to recurrence rates post surgery which is considered to be mainstay of pterygium treatments. Recently there have been advances regarding understanding of pathophysiology and management of pterygium. This article aims to review the recent developments in pathophysiology including genetics, various treatment modalities available beside surgery e.g. adjunctive therapies and management of recurrence pterygium.
Non specific orbital inflammatory disease – A review article
Authors: Brar Gagandeep K , Krishn Jigu S , Gupta NR , Prabha Archana , Phutela Parvi , Chadha Charu
Published: July 2022

Non Specific Orbital Inflammatory Disease (NSOID) is a benign, noninfective inflammatory condition of the orbit which does not have any identifiable local or systemic causes. Orbital pseudotumor was first described in 1903 by Gleason. The clinical diagnosis is one of exclusion with evaluation directed to exclude neoplasms, infections and systemic disorders. IOI is diagnosed by clinical history and evaluation to rule out other causes of orbital disease. Orbital pseudotumor is the third most common orbital disease following Graves ophthalmopathy and lymphoproliferative disease.
Demographic pattern and visual outcome in patients with open globe injury
Authors: Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul , Akther Rehana , Sultana Chandana , Salam Abdus , Abdullah Muhit , Sultana Saleha , Shahid Muntakim , Muyeed Abdul , Sultana Monira , Maurya Rajendra Prakash
Published: July 2022

: This study aimed to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and visual outcomes of open globe injury on the repair.

This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including all patients who underwent repair surgery following open globe injury and are on regular follow-up visits postoperatively in a tertiary eye hospital from 1st July to 31st December 2021. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A include OGI patients undergoing repair within 24 hours, and Group B includes OGI patients who underwent repair after 24 hours of injury. All the study patients were studied in detail, including the Presenting features, mechanism of injury, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, demographic data, and postoperative complications.

This study studied a total of 100 patients (46 in group A and 54 in group B). Male predominance (>70%) was seen in both groups. In both groups, the highest number of patients (61% in group A and 52% in group B) were in ≤18 years of age. In both groups, the majority of OGI (52% in group A and 61% in group B) were Iron induced. In groups A and B, Zone I is affected chiefly, about 85% and 81%, respectively. Most OGI patients were admitted to the hospital with severe low vision on VA examination, about 54% and 63% in Group A and B, respectively. At three months of postoperative follow-up, BCVA was significantly improved In Group A than in Group B (p-value 0.05). 80% patients improved to normal vision in group A compared to 50% in group B.

Open globe injuries should be repaired as soon as possible, even within hours. Initial visual acuity remains the strongest predictor of outcome; however, delay to primary repair reduces final visual acuity.
Comparison of tear function among newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and PCOS under treatment
Authors: Vayaravel C. Ananda , Ramadass Ramya , Poornima R
Published: July 2022

To compare the tear function among newly diagnosed Polycystic Ovary Syndrome subjects and Polycystic Ovary syndrome under treatment.

Seventy Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) subjects were included in the study with age ranging from 18 to 35 years, consisting of 35 subjects in group 1 as newly diagnosed PCOS and 35 in group 2 as PCOS under treatment. The subjects underwent comprehensive eye examination and slit lamp examination. Participants were asked to answer the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire to know the symptoms of dry eye and the following tests such as Schirmer’s 1 and 2, Tear film break-up test (TBUT) was performed to know the tear functions.

No difference was found in OSDI scores when comparing two groups. Both Schirmer’s test and TBUT test were significant. When both the groups are compared Schirmer’s 1 p value for right eye is 0.001, left eye is 0.023.Schirmer’s 2 p value for right eye is 0.002, left eye is 0.001.However TBUT p value for right eye and left eye is 0.00.

Through our findings we suggest that patients who are under treatment for PCOS, should take ophthalmic examination, especially for dry eye.
A study of ocular manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary eye care centre in South India
Authors: G Sivaraman , Padma M
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of our study is to provide a general view of various ocular manifestations observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Ocular manifestations observed in our study not only include cataract and retinopathy but also other anterior and posterior segment ocular manifestations and their epidemiology. We wanted to evaluate the different ocular manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus, its clinical profile, and its relationship between various risk factors.

All cases with a known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to the Tertiary Eye Care Centre, Telangana, in South India were examined in detail to know the various ocular manifestations. A prospective observational study was done. Patients who presented with diabetes were examined in detail, diabetes history, and further investigated to know anterior and posterior segment ocular manifestations. The study was conducted on 500 patients over 18 months from December 2018 to June 2020.

All 500 patients were examined in detail. Ocular manifestations observed in type 2 Diabetes mellitus include cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, keratitis, retinal vascular occlusion, ophthalmoplegia, lid lesions, ischemic optic neuropathy, age-related macular degenerations.

Diabetes mellitus is an important health problem that causes significant morbidity due to specific microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy. Ocular manifestations were more likely to occur in both eyes in diabetes patients. Treatment and visual rehabilitation vary for different ocular manifestations. A thorough early ocular evaluation of patients and management is of utmost importance to prevent further visual impairment.
Standardized Sovereign Debt Statistics for Latin America and the Caribbean: Analysis of Regional and Country Trends and Cross-Country Comparisons
Authors: Prats Cabrera Joan Oriol , Pereira María Eugenia
Published: July 2022

This document analyzes gross and net public debt data for countries in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region up to December 2020. It provides a unique overview of the main characteristics of the regions debt and a comparative analysis of its most pressing risks (currency, maturity, rate, and credit). Its main purpose is to assess the changes in size and composition of debt for the region and to provide a comparative analysis of the diverse country cases that comprise it. 2020 was an atypical and pressing year in fiscal demands motivated by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to increased financing needs and thus a potential to disrupt the characteristics of debt. Using debt data collected since 2006 by the IDBs LAC Debt Group, the analysis aims to contextualize the 2020 debt structure. It also analyzes LAC debt in the first year of the pandemic, examining its evolution between June 2020 and June 2021 and provides an overview of key variables for debt in LAC countries.
Implementing Innovation Policies: Capabilities of National Development Banks for Innovation Financing
Authors: Carreras Marco , Griffith-Jones Stephany , Ocampo José Antonio , Xu Jiajun , Henow Anne
Published: July 2022

This comparative note describes common and distinct practices on capabilities to support the innovation activities of seven national development banks (NDB): BNDES (Brazil), CORFO (Chile), China Development Bank, CDB (China), BANCOLDEX (Colombia), Bpifrance (France), Korean Development Bank, KDB (South Korea), and NAFINSA (Mexico). The analysis studies the strategies followed by the selected NDBs for the design and implementation of innovation support programs and the capacities they need to be successful. Little is known about the experience of these NDBs in the world that have been the most successful in designing and implementing programs to support innovation. Building on the primary data collected through flexible semi-structured interviews with current or former NDBs officials, validated and supplemented by interviews with stakeholders outside the NDB, this study asks the following research questions: (i) What priority do NDBs assign to the financing of innovation projects?; (ii) Which operational models would be most effective in financing high-potential innovation projects, avoiding capture? Should they operate on the first and/or second tier?; (iii) What capabilities(a) governance; (b) technical (financial and technological); and (c) operational (implementation and sustainability)should NDBs develop to support innovation credit?; (iv) how, based on their contact with clients, can NDBs help identify market failures faced by innovative companies and thus produce and organize information on potential projects with high social returns?; and (v) What is the best framework for coordinating the work of the NDBs with the innovation agencies?
Tax expenditures as a phenomenon of the US tax system
Authors: Babich Svetlana
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes in detail the experience of applying such a phenomenon of fiscal policy as tax expenditures in the United States. It provides the definition of the term tax expenditures proposed by Stanley S. Surrey and enshrined in the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974. The article reviews the main types and forms of tax expenditures giving their characteristics, as well as their features. It is concluded that the total costs of financing tax expenditures in 2019 were comparable to the level of discretionary military and non-military expenditures of the US federal budget. The analyses demonstrated that among the 13 largest tax expenditures in 2021 according to the JCT and OMB estimation the largest indicator of tax expenditures was the indicator "Exclusion of employer contributions for employee health insurance and medical care" in the amount of 190.3 billion USD. The last in the ranking is the indicator "Deduction of non-taxable social security benefits and railway pension payments" in the amount of 41.5 billion USD. Particular attention in the article is paid to the analysis of tax expenditures of individuals in the United States in the period from 1976 to 2027, measured in % of GDP.
Green Entrepreneurship: A New Paradigm for Millennials in Indonesia
Authors: Genoveva Genoveva , Tanardi Jason
Published: July 2022

The number of young entrepreneurs in Indonesia is very low when compared to global data. Meanwhile, environmental issues in Indonesia are in a state of emergency. We are interested in conducting research on millennials as a productive generation and, according to several studies, a generation with high environmental awareness. The purpose of this study is to assess their desire to become environmentally conscious entrepreneurs. The variables used in this study are Green Awareness and Green Knowledge, which will be reflected in their Green Entrepreneurial Behavior via the mediation of Green Entrepreneurial Intention. This study differs from previous studies in that it investigates the millennial generation, not only their desire to become environmentally friendly entrepreneurs, but also their future behavior once they become entrepreneurs. Data was gathered through the use of an online questionnaire, specifically a Google form. Purposive sampling was used, yielding 217 responses from millennials living in and around Jakarta, a metropolitan city known for producing the most young entrepreneurs. The data was processed using PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling) with SmartPLS 3.2.8. According to the study's findings, improving Green Awareness and Green Knowledge could lead to an increase in environmentally conscious entrepreneurs. The government, educational institutions, and the companies can work together to carry out environmental awareness campaigns and provide environmental knowledge so that future entrepreneurs can become environmentally oriented entrepreneurs.
Sustainability of the Cocoa Industry: Cocoa Waste Mucilage Use to Produce Fermented Beverages. Case Study in Los Ríos Province
Authors: Bastidas José Villarroel , Melo Washington Andrés Badillo , Briones-Bitar Josué
Published: July 2022

Los Ríos province is eminently agricultural since the main activity of its population is the product cultivation such as cocoa, coffee, soy, passion fruit and others. Two cacao varieties are cultivated: the Nacional (delicate aroma) and the CCN51. The increase in cocoa production in the Los Ríos province has generated a large amount of waste (mucilage). Much of the cocoa mucilage is eliminated in the drainage systems, discarding a product with a high content of sugars and beneficial yeasts for fermentation processes. Due to this, the work aims to analyse the use of cocoa mucilage CCN-51 or Nacional in the production of fermented beverages that allow obtaining an added value of the surpluses of cocoa production. The methodology consisted first of the approach of design combinations (with eight experimental units and three repetitions) for fermented beverage elaboration. Then, these combinations were analysed with physicochemical parameters (pH, °Brix, °GL, transmittance, absorbance, and suspended solids) and with organoleptic analyses (product tasting). As a result, the fermented carambola beverage showed better physicochemical characteristics. Of the eight experimental units, number 8 (carambola + mucilage concentration 15% + national variety) presented better results; with transmittance values of 38.40%, suspended solids 0.0061%, density 0.978 kg/m3, alcoholic degrees 16.67 °GL, acidity 0.48 g/L and pH 3.66. Also, the organoleptic results obtained an excellent acceptance thanks to the good colour, smell, taste, sweetness, and low astringency. This allowed having another alternative/solution for discarded mucilage use in Los Rios province.
Ethical Leadership Style in Moderating the Influence of Green Organizational Culture on Green Innovative Behavior: SMEs Cases
Authors: Siswanti Yuni , Muafi Muafi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to test: 1) the influence of green organizational culture on innovative green behavior, 2) the role of ethical leadership in moderating the influence of green organizational culture on innovative green behavior. This research was conducted with a survey and involved all Batik Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) employees in Berbah subdistrict, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The number of employees is 115 people and work in 12 SMEs. The researcher used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) to obtain factual data. Interviews and questionary were data carried out. Researchers used the qualitative method by conducting in-person interviews of SMEs owners and workers. Instrument tests use confirmatory factor analysis and reliability tests. The research instruments are examined using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability tests. The hypothesis testing is done by simple regression and moderation regression. Hypothesis test results show that green organizational culture positively affects innovative behavior, and ethical leadership moderates the influence of green organizational culture on innovative green behavior. The results of this study have theoretical implications and managerial implications that are beneficial to leaders in improving innovative environmentally friendly behaviors. Given the lack of analysis of the role of ethical leadership in increasing the influence of green organizational culture on innovative behavior that is environmentally friendly, further research is needed in the future.
The Levels of Community Readiness and Community Characteristics in the Development of Tourism Village (Bangelan Village, Malang Regency, Indonesia)
Authors: Prayitno Gunawan , Dinanti Dian , Wardani Lusyana Eka , Sania Dinda Putri
Published: July 2022

Bangelan is a village located in Wonosari District, Malang Regency, Indonesia. Bangelan Village has an area of 167.2 hectares with various natural, livestock, and agricultural potentials that support the development of tourist villages. As a tourist village, Bangelan has obstacles in tourism development due to the subordinate role of village institutions and the low capability of the community as tourism actors. This study aims to identify the community's level of readiness in developing a tourist village. In addition, the relationship between the characteristics of the community and the level of community readiness was identified. Data collection was carried out on the community and key respondents through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The community readiness model was used to assess the level of readiness and cross-tabulation analysis and chi-square test to determine the relationship between community characteristics and the level of community readiness. The results showed that the readiness category of the community was ready with the sixth level of readiness, namely initiation. These results also show that most of the community knows and understands the basic things about tourism village development and the critical role of leaders in planning and developing businesses. The level of community readiness is influenced by characteristics including involvement in the development of tourist villages, type of work, and gender.
Peculiarities of the Management of the Foreign Economic Activity of Enterprises in Current Conditions of Sustainability
Authors: Lagodiienko Volodymyr , Popelo Olha , Zybareva Oksana , Samiilenko Halyna , Mykytyuk Yuliia , Alsawwafi Fahed Mohammed Ahmed Saif
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the management of foreign economic activity of enterprises in current conditions of sustainable development. To achieve the goal of the article, in the study, the following scientific methods are used, namely: analysis and synthesis - to determine approaches to understanding the concept of foreign economic activity and levels of its implementation; statistical - to form the indicators that characterize the state of foreign economic activity in Ukraine; grouping - to obtain groups of regions according to the level of foreign trade turnover; cartographic - to visualize the received groups of regions on the indicators of foreign economic activity; graphic - to visualize the system of foreign economic activity in terms of the need to achieve the stability of regions, enterprises as a leading subject of foreign economic activity and the peculiarities of foreign economic activity of the enterprise in modern conditions. Within the article, the factors of external and internal environment, on which depends the effectiveness of foreign economic activity, are considered. The systems of management of foreign economic activity of the enterprise are studied and characterized. Trends of the development and current state of foreign economic activity in the regions of Ukraine are studied. The grouping of the regions of Ukraine according to the activity of conducting foreign economic activity was carried out, with the separation of the leading and the outsider regions. According to the results of the research, the peculiarities of foreign economic activity of enterprises in modern conditions are identified and outlined, among which the following are singled out: spread of integration processes, structural transformations of the international division of labor, strengthening the role of the state in joining the world economic system.
Determination of Poverty, Unemployment, Economic Growth, and Investment in West Sumatra Province
Authors: Amar Syamsul , Satrianto Alpon , Ariusni  , Kurniadi Anggi Putri
Published: July 2022

This research aims to analyze the relationship between poverty, unemployment, investment, and economic growth in a simultaneous equation system with the factors that influence them. This condition is essential to identify the causes of poverty and unemployment and how investment and economic growth play a role in overcoming these problems. This research uses panel data from 19 districts/cities in West Sumatra from 2015 to 2020. The estimation technique used is a simultaneous equation using several classical assumption tests such as normality, heteroscedasticity multicollinearity, and Granger causality test. The results of this research show that 1) Unemployment, economic growth, education, and health have a significant effect on poverty in West Sumatra, 2) Economic growth, investment, and wages have a significant effect on unemployment in West Sumatra, 3) Unemployment, investment, poverty, and labor have a significant effect on the economic growth in West Sumatra, 4) Economic growth, wages, and taxes have a significant effect on investment in West Sumatra.
Acceleration of Environmental Sustainability in Tourism Village
Authors: Lemy Diena M. , Pramono Rudy , Juliana
Published: July 2022

The research aims to determine the factors causing the low achievement of environmental sustainability in tourist villages and accelerate it. This study uses a desk research method with online data and information search techniques, secondary sources, and other scientific publications. Meanwhile, the analysis technique used is a descriptive qualitative analysis technique, analogy, and comparison of several research results and other scientific publications related to environmental sustainability in tourism villages through the local wisdom approach and digital transformation. The research was conducted by interviewing several sources to get input on ecological sustainability standards in Tourism Villages. The result shows that the standards used to measure environmental sustainability in tourist villages can be used because of the global nature of the standards. Tourism Villages have local wisdom that has become part of the community's life. This local wisdom is very likely to have encouraged the tourism village community to behave environmentally friendly. Local wisdom becomes the focal point and main attraction of a tourist village that can be disseminated to villagers and tourists. The results of the study suggest the optimal way in which sustainable environmental development in the village can occur.
Towards Sustainable Transportation in Urban Areas: A Case Study
Authors: Pujiati Amin , Nihayah Dyah Maya , Bowo Prasetyo Ari , Adzim Fauzul
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop a sustainable transportation development strategy in Semarang City. Collecting data using interviews, and questionnaires. Source of data from keyperson with purposive sampling technique. Keypersons consist of the Head of Sub-Division of Transportation and Water Resources Planning, Expert Staff of Transportation and Water Resources Planning, Head of Pollution Control and Environmental Conservation Division of the Environment Service, Operational Manager of Trans Semarang BRT, Expert Staff of the Public Service Agency of the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD). BRT Trans Semarang, Civil Engineering Lecturer in the Transportation Sector. Data were then analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The findings revealed that the development of transportation system facilities and infrastructure is the top priority for policy. The second priority is improving environmental quality and Government policy turns out to be the next strategic priority. The practical significance of this research is that the determination of strategic priorities can be applied to other cities that have characteristics as metropolitan cities and have a commitment to carry out sustainable transportation in order to achieve effective and optimal results.
The Economic Evaluation of Projects as a Structuring Discipline of Learning Processes to Support Decision-Making in Sustainable Urban Transformations
Authors: Abastante Francesca , Caprioli Caterina , Gaballo Marika
Published: July 2022

This paper is based on the following research questions: i) In which way could the discipline Economic Evaluation of Projects contribute to conveying the sustainability concept in urban settings among master’s degree students? What are the methods/techniques that can support decision processes of sustainable urban transformation? In response to the two research questions, the paper proposes a multi-methodological framework as a design tool for students (future professionals) aimed at representing the decision problem from a sustainable planning perspective. Through a Problem-Based Learning approach based on a case study, the proposed framework considers: SWOT Analysis, Stakeholder Analysis (SA), Multicriteria Analysis (MCDA), Cash Flow Analysis (CFA), and the application of the Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment Tools (NSATools). The multi-methodological framework has been applied to an experimental teaching case study as part of the Economic Evaluation of Projects module demonstrating its effectiveness in terms of sustainable spatial planning and structuring of the decision process from a multi-actor perspective. Future directions of the research are aimed at tackling two major limitations of the multi-methodological framework as the need to closely reflect a real decision process through an iterative framework and the sometimes hard interpretation of some elements of urban sustainability.
Impact of Entrepreneurship Knowledge Literacy Curriculum on College Graduates’ Sustainable Entrepreneurial Competence Based on Entrepreneurial Learning Theory
Authors: Wang Jianxian , Mangmeechai Aweewan
Published: July 2022

For promoting innovation-driven strategies and accelerating economic development and reform, initiative of mass entrepreneurship and innovation in china is started in September 2014. College students are an important force in promoting the initiative. However, according to the 2019 Employment Report on Chinese College Students, only 1.8 percent of college graduates in 2018 started their businesses and the success rate was even lower because of lacking entrepreneurial competence. This paper aims to arouse the attention of government institutions, universities, teachers, and college students to entrepreneurship curriculum by exploring the relationship of entrepreneurship knowledge literacy curriculum on college graduates' entrepreneurial competence. This study collected 400 data by surveying senior students in typical experience universities and used AMOS23.0 and SPSS26.0 as data analysis tools. Results demonstrated that entrepreneurship knowledge literacy curriculums directly and significantly affect college students’ entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy has the mediating effect. However, entrepreneurship knowledge literacy curriculums do not affect entrepreneurial skills competence. This study suggests that typical experience universities of innovation and entrepreneurship should appropriately increase entrepreneurship practice curriculums to cultivate college students’ entrepreneurial skill competence.
An Eco-Label Can Matter More Than Buying Green: An Experiment on Consumers' Recycling Behaviour After Tasting Eco-Labeled Coffee
Authors: Chao Yu-Long
Published: July 2022

An experiment was conducted to test whether a coffee package bearing a Rainforest Alliance Certified (RAC) label triggered affective responses favoring the coffee and further influenced the pro-environmental behaviour of participant consumers in convenience stores. One group of customers viewed an RAC-labeled package and tasted the coffee while the other group viewed a non-labeled package and tasted the coffee. Both groups filled out a questionnaire collecting Likert-type scale data on their affective responses to, perceived flavors of, and willingness to pay for the coffee during the tasting and viewing. Whether they disposed of the paper cup for the trial taste in a recycling box or a trash box was observed. A logit model was employed to estimate the probabilities of their recycling the cup over discarding the cup. Results revealed that more positive feelings were expressed and recycling behaviour was increased among customers exposed to the package with an RAC label, although the two groups did not differ significantly in their perceived flavors and willingness to pay. It was estimated that the probability of the RAC-labeled group to recycle the paper cup was 2.89 times higher than that of the non-labeled group. Based on the theory of central and peripheral routes of information processing, the mechanisms of the behavioural influence of the label are discussed with a few possible factors such as involvement and self-identity. This study contributes to the advancement of eco-label research by shifting the focus to the non-purchasing behavioral effects of eco-labels on consumers and observing the behaviors in real, rather than laboratory, settings. It might also inform the promotion of sustainable consumption of the merits of employing experiential marketing.
Development of Penyengat Island Area as an International Tourism Area Based on Heritage Tourism
Authors: Prayuda Rendi , Syafrinaldi  , Akbar Dhani , Nurman  , Sary Dian Venita
Published: July 2022

This research aims to implement the Penyengat Island area as a heritage-based international tourism area. Indonesia is well known as one of the largest numbers of historical tourisms in the world. The number of world tourism heritage sites continues to increase every day, Indonesia has diversity island that one of them has potential to developed as a tourism destination. Penyegat Island is one of potential island due the preservation of customs and moral values that have a historical heritage in Penyengat Island can be promoted by procedures based on international heritage. This paper uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques through library research with an empirical study approach. The results showed that the phenomenon of urbanization associated with globalization factors make the natural physical structure in the Penyengat Island area less noticed, even though Penyengat Island is a typical area because it has sublime value and culture that can be used as a unique tourism object or destination without eliminating historical value so that Penyengat Island can become one of Indonesia's flagship tourism products in Internasional community based on Heritage Tourism.