bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioactive Compounds of Berries: Chemistry and Analytical Methods of Detection
Authors: Kay C. D. , Neilson A. , Ferruzzi M.
Published: June 2022

Berries contain an abundance and diversity of non-nutrient phytochemicals, particularly (poly)phenols. No single technique is ideal for resolving, identifying and quantitating all subclasses of berry (poly)phenols, which comprise low-molecular-weight phenols to large polymers. As (poly)phenol methodology has been covered extensively in a number of previous and modern reviews and textbooks, the present chapter aims to provide a brief summary of current practices, with a focus on modern techniques, tips for best reporting practices and assuring qualitative and quantitative accuracy. Understanding best analytical practices and reporting key methodological details and process limitations will allow for optimal berry health research progression.
Occurrence, Bioavailability and Metabolism of Berry (Poly)phenols
Authors: Di Pede Giuseppe , Favari Claudia , Bresciani Letizia , Almutairi Tahani Mazyad , Del Rio Daniele , Crozier Alan
Published: June 2022

Berries are a rich dietary source of (poly)phenols, including anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, ellagitannins and phenolic acids. In populations with low consumption of berries, their contribution to the overall ingestion of (poly)phenols can, nonetheless, be high in comparison to other food sources. For many years, (poly)phenols were considered to be poorly bioavailable in humans, with the limited appearance of their phase II metabolites in the circulatory system occurring post-absorption in the proximal gastrointestinal tract. Nowadays, there is a growing realization that berry (poly)phenols are highly bioavailable as a consequence of them passing from the small to the large intestine, where, as a result of the action of the resident microbiota, they are degraded to phenolic catabolites, which are absorbed into the bloodstream in substantial amounts. As a result of different degradation steps, class-specific colonic catabolites, such as phenyl-γ-valerolactones and urolithins, can form. Other catabolites, namely phenylpropanoic acids, phenylacetic acids, benzoic acids and phenol derivatives, are common breakdown products of almost all (poly)phenolic classes. The complexity of the composition of the colonic microflora has been associated with inter-individual variability and the classification of subjects as non-, low- and high-producers of phenolic catabolites.
Factors Affecting the Inter-individual Variability in the Cardiometabolic Response to Berry (Poly)phenols
Authors: Yang Paul Young Tie , Williams Madeleine S. , Gibson Rachel , Rodriguez-Mateos Ana
Published: June 2022

Available literature suggests that berry (poly)phenols – especially anthocyanins, ellagitannins, phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols – have the potential to improve cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and arterial stiffness. Heterogeneity in the cardiometabolic effects amongst different population groups is also consistently reported. While factors such as bioavailability, gut microbiota, and genetic factors have been proposed as possible causes, the inter-individual variability in the vascular response to berry (poly)phenols has not been explored in detail. This chapter explores the evidence from human clinical trials, reviews, and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials (RCT). After summarizing the evidence related to the potential cardiometabolic health improvements following berry (poly)phenol consumption, we will address the influence of factors of inter-individual variability, including sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, health status, and age. Finally, we will describe the limitations of the current evidence and the need for future studies to be specifically designed to assess inter-individual variability and analyze cardiometabolic effects on sub-populations and individuals.
Berries: Functional Foods That Promote Beneficial Bacterial Species in the Gut
Authors: Lacombe Alison , Wu Vivian C. H.
Published: June 2022

Functional foods are ingredients that offer health benefits that extend beyond their nutritional value. Berries are a proven functional food due to their numerous reported health benefits. Berries naturally contain many beneficial compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, fibers, and organic acids and represent an important source of antioxidants in the American diet. Anthocyanin, proanthocyanins, and monomeric phenolic acids from berries have shown various biological effects, including the amelioration of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome. The native high-molecular-weight polyphenols from berries have been recognized as prebiotics and positive modulators of the gut microbiota. Currently, berries are being investigated as a new potential arsenal of antimicrobials and prebiotics because of their ability to selectively inhibit enteric pathogens while promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms. The result of a berry enriched diet is a symbiotic relationship with sustained benefits to the host. However, promising data on berries’ purported health benefits still requires mechanistic insight, which can be gleaned through utilizing various in vitro and in vivo models. This chapter will focus on the specific constituents of berries and microorganisms that support this beneficial relationship and the studies that aid in drawing these conclusions.
The Effects of Berry Bioactive Compounds on Vascular Function
Authors: Rodriguez-Mateos Ana , Le Sayec Melanie , Istas Geoffrey , Johnson Sarah A.
Published: June 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an age-related chronic disease and the leading cause of death worldwide. The primary risk factor for CVD is aging, but numerous factors such as lifestyle, obesity, and metabolic disorders can accelerate its development. During aging, adverse structural and functional changes to the vascular system often occur and manifest as vascular endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Together, these changes are referred to as vascular dysfunction and contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Certain lifestyle behaviors, such as healthy dietary patterns, can attenuate the development of, and may reverse, vascular dysfunction. In particular, berries have increasingly been demonstrated to exert cardiovascular-protective effects, including the beneficial modulation of vascular function. Studies have shown that berry (poly)phenols appear to regulate vascular function through attenuation of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and modulation of the gut microbiota. This chapter will discuss the effects of berries and their bioactive compounds on vascular function, focusing on human intervention studies.
Mechanisms of Action of Berry Bioactives on the Vascular System
Authors: Anandh Babu Pon Velayutham , Klimis-Zacas Dorothy
Published: June 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. CVD is initiated through atherosclerosis that has a major impact on organs, leading to heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Dietary patterns can influence cardiovascular health by modulating cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and blood pressure. Berries are an important part of the diet as they are rich sources of a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, derivatives of stilbenes, and flavonoids such as anthocyanins. Evidence from epidemiological, clinical, and animal studies supports the beneficial effects of dietary berries on cardiovascular health. Berry bioactive compounds exert beneficial effects on the vasculature by acting on multiple targets such as activating endothelial nitric oxide signaling pathway, suppressing endothelial inflammation, modulating redox signaling, altering lipid metabolism, and modifying the vascular glycocalyx. This chapter highlights recent advancements toward our understanding of the vascular effects of dietary berries such as blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries, with special emphasis on the molecular mechanisms involved.
The Role of Berry Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Davis Dustin W. , Helm Macy M. , Izuora Kenneth , Basu Arpita
Published: June 2022

Over 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) are type 2 (T2DM), the preventable form caused by peripheral insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell insufficiency. Two key modifiable risk factors for T2DM are physical inactivity and a Western-style diet with excessive calories, dietary fat, and processed foods. Dietary modification is critical to preventing, delaying, and treating the disease. Specifically, the American Diabetes Association recommends eating more plant-based foods that are rich in complex carbohydrates, fiber, and antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Dietary berries are a promising addition to the diet because they contain these nutrients and are especially rich in health-promoting bioactive phytochemicals, the most notable of which are flavonoids. This chapter introduces readers to DM and provides a review of the last 20 years of observational and clinical studies on the relationship between the intake of dietary berries and T2DM risk and outcomes in humans. The data indicate that dietary berry intake is associated with a lower risk of T2DM and that long-term berry supplementation has improved glycemia, lipidemia, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in adults with T2DM. Additionally, acute berry supplementation has reduced post-prandial glycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation in people with diabetes. Therefore, the data support recommending dietary berries to prevent, delay, and treat T2DM.
The Role of Berries as Potential Wound Healing Agents
Authors: Prasad Rupali S. , Laloo Damiki , Bharne Ashish P. , Prasad Satyendra K.
Published: June 2022

Wound healing is a physiological process involving four different phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Berries have been reported to have a wide range of therapeutic activity including safety. It is commonly observed that they contain very high contents of polyphenols, anthocyanins and vitamins, which make a major contribution to wound healing. Thus, the present chapter was undertaken to give an insight into the wound healing potential of various medicinal plants bearing berries such as acai berry, barberry, Barbados gooseberry, blackberry, bog blueberry cranberry, crowberry, elderberry, golden Himalayan raspberry, Indian gooseberry, star gooseberry strawberry and others and bioactive molecules like quercetin 3-O-glucoside, which have been successfully proven to pose potential wound healing activity. The chapter presents investigations on wound healing performed on the respective plant parts and their relevant outcomes. The literature data for the chapter was collected from web sources such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder and Google Scholar. The information provided here could play a significant role as a reference for scientists willing to work in the relevant field and also as general awareness among interested individuals.
Rh(i)-catalyzed dimerization of ene-vinylidenecyclopropanes for the construction of spiro[4,5]decanes and mechanistic studies
Authors: Ning Chao , Rui Kang-Hua , Wei Yin , Shi Min
Published: June 2022

Rh(i) complex catalyzed dimerization of ene-vinylidenecyclopropanes has been demonstrated, and its reaction mechanism is revealed based on a series of mechanistic studies.
Rapid analysis of differential chemical compositions of Poria cocos using thin-layer chromatography spray ionization-mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Ying , Li Linnan , Li Na , Li Fan , Fan Wenxiang , He Yitian , Wang Zhengtao , Yang Li
Published: June 2022

A simple analytical strategy for determining the chemical composition of Poria cocos using thin-layer chromatography spray ionization-mass spectrometry (TLCSI-MS).
A highly selective and sensitive CdS fluorescent quantum dot for the simultaneous detection of multiple pesticides
Authors: Chen Siyu , Yun Shu-Na , Liu Yujiao , Yu Ruijin , Tu Qin , Wang Jinyi , Yuan Mao-Sen
Published: June 2022

We presented one-pot prepared CdS fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) which can sensitively and selectively detect three different organic pesticides.
Gold nanoparticles-oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as electrochemiluminescence immunosensors
Authors: Wang Ruina , Huang Yun , Chi Yuwu
Published: June 2022

AuNPs-ox-MWCNTs with strong electrochemiluminescence activity are applied to construct a immunosensor for the detection of CEA. This indicates that ox-MWCNTs as a luminescent material has a great application potential in analysis.
Celebrating 100 years of chemistry at Nanjing University
Authors: Liu Zhen , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: June 2022

Zhen Liu and Jun-Jie Zhu introduce the Analyst themed collection – Celebrating 100 years of chemistry at Nanjing University.
Nontargeted metabolomics coupled with multivariate modelling techniques for discrimination of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Ijinskaja leaves from different geographic altitudes
Authors: Li Yuhao , Xi Huiting , Feng Lei , Liang Lu , Yang Tianming , Mao Xuejin , Wang Yuanxing
Published: June 2022

Altitude-associated nutrition-compositional evaluation is critical for quality control and value determination of plants.
Gram-selective antibacterial peptide hydrogels
Authors: Hou Yangqian , Tan Tingyuan , Guo Zhen , Ji Yuwen , Hu Jun , Zhang Yi
Published: June 2022

In vitroandin vivostudies indicated that the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) hydrogels IK1 and IK4 specifically targeted Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, while IK3 was broad-spectrum.
Designed graphite with an activated edge for fast-charging lithium-ion storage properties
Authors: Du Peng , Zhang Bao , Cao Liang , Ou Xing
Published: June 2022

The special edge of graphite with the coexistence of extra channels and expanded layers is carefully designed to meet the standards of fast charging, and the material exhibits excellent rate performance and long-term cycling performance.
Neutral isocyanide-templated assembly of pillar[5]arene [2] and [3]pseudorotaxanes
Authors: Khamphaijun Korawit , Namnouad Phitawat , Docker Andrew , Ruengsuk Araya , Tantirungrotechai Jonggol , Díaz-Torres Raúl , Harding David J. , Bunchuay Thanthapatra
Published: June 2022

Unprecedented pillar[5]arene–isocyanide [2] and [3]pseudorotaxane complexes are reported. Importantly, electron deficient aryl isocyanides are also demonstrated to form inclusion complexes with the cavity of pillar[5]arene.
Cooperative self-assembling process of core-substituted naphthalenediimide induced by amino–yne click reaction
Authors: Tan Minghan , Takeuchi Masayuki , Takai Atsuro
Published: June 2022

A nucleation–elongation self-assembling process of a core-substituted naphthalenediimide induced by a catalyst-free amino–yne click reaction at 298 K is reported.
Sandwich-like NiCo-LDH/rGO with rich mesopores and high charge transfer capability for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Luo Yuancong , Ling Lei , Wang Xue , Cui Shicong , Li Zhen , Jiao Zheng , Cheng Lingli
Published: June 2022

The sandwich-like NiCo-LDH/rGO composite exhibits high energy density for its mesopores structure and excellent charge transfer capability.
Motion of a self-propelled particle with rotational inertia
Authors: Lisin E. A. , Vaulina O. S. , Lisina I. I. , Petrov O. F.
Published: June 2022

Generalized analytical equations for the mean kinetic energy, mean-square displacement and noise-averaged trajectory of a self-propelled particle with both translational and rotational inertia and velocity fluctuations are proposed.
Solvation in nitration of benzene and the valence electronic structure of the Wheland intermediate
Authors: Nakatani Kaho , Teshigawara Sho , Tanahashi Yuta , Kasahara Kento , Higashi Masahiro , Sato Hirofumi
Published: June 2022

Nitration of benezene was studied with the reference interaction site model-self consistent field method, considering the sulfuric acid solvent. In the bond formation process, the solvation structure drastically changes due to the charge transfer.
Interactions between CO oxidation and selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 over Mn-based catalysts
Authors: Wang Liyan , Wang Bin , Guo Yangyang , Zheng Yang , Zhu Tingyu
Published: June 2022

The α-MnO2-Cu catalyst has a high NO and CO removal rate. CO reduced the NH3-SCR activity by inhibiting NO adsorption. NH3 negatively affected CO oxidation by minimizing the formate intermediate. NO decomposed intermediates to promote CO oxidation.
Multivariate analysis of peptide-driven nucleation and growth of Au nanoparticles
Authors: Lachowski Kacper J. , Vaddi Kiran , Naser Nada Y. , Baneyx François , Pozzo Lilo D.
Published: June 2022

The design space of sequence defined molecules for inorganic nanoparticle synthesis is exceedingly large. We present an experimental and data analysis workflow for studying the effects of peptide modification on Au nanoparticle synthesis outcomes.
Characterization of nano-scale mineral dust aerosols in snow by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Goodman Aaron J. , Gundlach-Graham Alexander , Bevers Shaun G. , Ranville James F.
Published: June 2022

Mineral dust aerosols in snow were analyzed by single particle ICP-MS with machine learning to classify particle groups.
Particulate matter induces airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in vivo and in vitro: from a more realistic inhalation scenario
Authors: Wei Shuting , Yue Huifeng , Li Guangke , Sang Nan
Published: June 2022

Schematic diagram of particle matter induced airway epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Electrochemical detection of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) using bismuth ferrite nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrodes
Authors: Beyene Yonas , Bitew Zelalem , Fekade Fasika
Published: June 2022

This study presents bismuth ferrite nanoparticle (BFO) modified carbon paste electrodes (BFO/CPEs) for the determination of lead and cadmium.
Review of defect engineering in perovskites for photovoltaic application
Authors: Bera Souhardya , Saha Ankit , Mondal Shibsankar , Biswas Arnab , Mallick Shreyasi , Chatterjee Rupam , Roy Subhasis
Published: June 2022

Perovskite-based devices have achieved high efficiencies in the fields of photovoltaics and energy storage.
Investigation of the interactions between three flavonoids and human serum albumin by isothermal titration calorimetry, spectroscopy, and molecular docking
Authors: Zhang Ning , He Hangyu , Zhang Miao , Lv Xinluan , Li Wenjin , Wang Ruiyong , Chang Junbiao
Published: June 2022

The characteristics of the binding between quercitrin and HSA were investigated.
Efficient metal-free green syntheses of 4H-chromenes and 3-amino alkylated indoles using a reusable graphite oxide carbocatalyst under aqueous and solvent-free reaction conditions
Authors: Kyndiah Lenida , Sarkar Fillip Kumar , Gupta Ajay , Pal Amarta Kumar
Published: June 2022

Graphite oxide was employed as a reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 4H-chromenes and 3-amino alkylated indoles in aqueous and solvent-free reaction conditions.
Novel prodrug supramolecular nanoparticles capable of rapid mitochondrial-targeting and ROS-responsiveness for pancreatic cancer therapy
Authors: Huang Zheng , Gao Lixia , Guo Fang , Li Dan , Tang Yan , Hu Huaisong , Luo Yafei , Tang Dianyong , Wang Bochu , Zhang Yimei
Published: June 2022

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of cancer cells and targeting cancer mitochondria has emerged as a promising anticancer therapy.
Degradation conceptualization of an innovative perovskite solar cell fabricated using SnO2 and P3HT as electron and hole transport layers
Authors: Reddy P. Vijendar , Giri Pratibha , Tiwari J. P.
Published: June 2022

We have fabricated and investigated the stability of a perovskite device of structure FTO/SnO2orSnO2-TCNE/MAPbI3/P3HT/Ag, in order to check its suitability to integrate with silicon solar cells for a futuristic monolithic silicon-perovskite tandem solar cell.
A detailed study of ion transport through the SARS-CoV-2 E protein ion channel
Authors: Saurabh Kumar , Solovchuk Maxim , Sheu Tony Wen-Hann
Published: June 2022

Concentration profiles of sodium and chloride ions through the envelope (E) protein of SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus.
Cupric porphyrin frameworks on multi-junction silicon photocathodes to expedite the kinetics of CO2 turnover
Authors: Wei Zhihe , Mu Qiaoqiao , Fan Ronglei , Su Yanhui , Lu Yongtao , Deng Zhao , Shen Mingrong , Peng Yang
Published: June 2022

The 3D porous Cu-TCPP(Cu) MOF was adopted as the catalytic scaffold on exquisite multi-junction Si-based photocathodes for boosting both the kinetics and selectivity of photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction reactions.
Dynamic self-assembling supramolecular dendrimer nanosystems as potent antibacterial candidates against drug-resistant bacteria and biofilms
Authors: Dhumal Dinesh , Maron Bar , Malach Einav , Lyu Zhenbin , Ding Ling , Marson Domenico , Laurini Erik , Tintaru Aura , Ralahy Brigino , Giorgio Suzanne , Pricl Sabrina , Hayouka Zvi , Peng Ling
Published: June 2022

The alarming and prevailing antibiotic resistance crisis urgently calls for innovative “outside of the box” antibacterial agents, which can differ substantially from conventional antibiotics.
Crosslinked p(MMA) particles by RAFT emulsion polymerisation: tuning size and stability
Authors: Marsden Catherine J. , Breen Colum , Tinkler James D. , Berki Thomas R. , Lester Daniel W. , Martinelli Jonathan , Tei Lorenzo , Butler Stephen J. , Willcock Helen
Published: June 2022

The size and stability of p(PEG)-b-p(MMA) block copolymer particles is tuned. Robust particles between 33–176 nm are formed and the use of a PEG methacrylate monomer with a methyl ether end group results in the most well defined and stable particles.
Cross-linked supramolecular polymer networks constructed by pillar[5]arene-based host–guest recognition and coordination/oxidation of catechol
Authors: Liu Yuezhou , Shangguan Liqing , Zhao Baodong , Chen Bin , Shi Bingbing , Wang Yinglei
Published: June 2022

Two cross-linked supramolecular polymers are constructed by pillar[5]arene-based molecular recognition and mussel-inspired coordination/oxidation of catechol.
Key factors for ultra-high on/off ratio thin-film transistors using as-grown carbon nanotube networks
Authors: Sun Yun , Li Pengpeng , Kauppinen Esko I. , Sun Dong-Ming , Ohno Yutaka
Published: June 2022

A full comprehension about the key factors to achieve ultrahigh on/off ratio thin-film transistors using as-grown CNT networks has been provided, including residual surfactants, chemical doping and CNT diameter.
High-performance potassium poly(heptazine imide) films for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Li Xiaochun , Chen Xiaoxiao , Fang Yuanxing , Lin Wei , Hou Yidong , Anpo Masakazu , Fu Xianzhi , Wang Xinchen
Published: June 2022

Potassium poly(heptazine imide) photoanode is synthesized, and owing to the improved crystallinity, it has presented a remarkable performance for solar-driven water splitting.
Linking microscopic structural changes and macroscopic mechanical responses in a near-ideal bottlebrush elastomer under uniaxial deformation
Authors: Nakagawa Shintaro , Yoshie Naoko
Published: June 2022

Structural changes and mechanical responses of a model bottlebrush elastomer with a controlled network structure were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering coupled with uniaxial tensile testing.
A dopant-free 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT)-based hole transporting layer for highly stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 22%
Authors: Kaya İsmail Cihan , Ozdemir Resul , Usta Hakan , Sonmezoglu Savas
Published: June 2022

Herein, we have demonstrated n–i–p PSCs with an efficiency of 22.45% and high thermal stability using dopant-free 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) as the solution-processed hole transporting layer (HTL).
Coupling core–shell Bi@Void@TiO2 heterostructures into carbon nanofibers for achieving fast potassium storage and long cycling stability
Authors: Gao Zongying , Han Liang , Gao Hui , Chen Jingwei , Sun Zining , Zhu Chunliu , Zhang Yafei , Shi Jing , Chen Shougang , Wang Huanlei
Published: June 2022

A multi-core–shell heterostructured Bi@Void@TiO2 embedded in one-dimensional carbon nanofibers was developed, and the obtained Bi@Void@TiO2⊂CNF delivers a comprehensive K-ion storage ability.
Reconstruction of an AgPd nanoalloy with oxidation for formate oxidation electrocatalysis
Authors: Guo Longfei , Jin Tao , Tang Quan , Wang Junpeng , Pan Bowei , Wang Qiao , Li Zhen , Wang Chongyang , Liu Jiawang , Chen Fuyi
Published: June 2022

AgPd–Ag2O and AgPd–AgF heterointerfaces are prepared through reconstruction and designed by using “2D materials on metal” heterostructure models to illustrate their impact mechanism on electrocatalytic activity toward the formate oxidation reaction.
Constructing stable charge redistribution through strong metal–support interaction for overall water splitting in acidic solution
Authors: Zhang Yanyun , Huang Hao , Han Yi , Qin Yingnan , Nie Nanzhu , Cai Wenwen , Zhang Xinyi , Li Zhenjiang , Lai Jianping , Wang Lei
Published: June 2022

A method through the SMSI and heterostructure of Pt–RuO2@KB to construct a stable charge redistribution is first proposed, showing superior overall water splitting performance, with excellent intrinsic activity, catalytic activity and stability in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte.
Understanding the effect of lattice polarisability on the electrochemical properties of lithium tetrahaloaluminates, LiAlX4 (X = Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Flores-González Nicolás , López Martí , Minafra Nicolò , Bohnenberger Jan , Viñes Francesc , Rudić Svemir , Krossing Ingo , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Illas Francesc , Gregory Duncan H.
Published: June 2022

Lithium ion conductivity in haloaluminate solid electrolytes can be tuned by the softening of the anion sublattice via a judicious juggling of the migration activation energy, Ea and the Meyer–Neldel energy, Δ0.
Suppressing growth of lithium dendrites by introducing deep eutectic solvents for stable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Li Wentao , Liu Wei , Huang Bendong , Cai Ziwei , Zhong Hai , Guo Fei , Mai Yaohua
Published: June 2022

DES (Li+[(urea)3(TFSI−)1]) has a synergetic effect for regulating the interaction of ion–solvent, SEI formation and the Li+ plating reaction.
Specific recognition of a target protein, cytochrome c, using molecularly imprinted hydrogels
Authors: Liu Chenchen , Kubo Takuya , Otsuka Koji
Published: June 2022

Specificity of molecular recognition for a protein, cytochrome c, by MIP hydrogels through optimization of the preparation and adsorption protocols.
Doxorubicin-encapsulated thermosensitive liposome-functionalized photothermal composite scaffolds for synergistic photothermal therapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Huajian , Sun Rui , Zheng Jing , Kawazoe Naoki , Yang Yingnan , Chen Guoping
Published: June 2022

Photothermal composite scaffolds of doxorubicin-encapsulated thermosensitive liposomes, gold nanorods, gelatin and polyglutamic acid have synergistic anticancer effects of PTT and chemotherapy to eliminate breast cancer cells.
A wearable and high-performance capacitive pressure sensor based on a biocompatible PVP nanofiber membrane via electrospinning and UV treatment
Authors: Ren Mengna , Li Jiamin , Lv Luyu , Zhang Mengqi , Yang Xiaojun , Zhou Qihui , Wang Danyang , Dhakal Rajendra , Yao Zhao , Li Yuanyue , Kim Nam Young
Published: June 2022

We report the fabrication, superior performance and applications of a flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on a biocompatible polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanofiber membrane, prepared by electrospinning and ultra-violet photochemical after treatment.
Photoluminescence coupled to electric and magnetic surface lattice resonance in periodic arrays of zirconia nanoparticles
Authors: Higashino Makoto , Murai Shunsuke , Lo Tien-Yang , Tomita Shuhei , Tanaka Katsuhisa
Published: June 2022

Zirconia is transparent from near-ultraviolet through the entire visible region, and here we utilize the periodic arrays of zirconia nanoparticle to excite electric and magnetic SLRs in the visible.
A high-performance self-powered photodetector based on WSe2–graphene–MoTe2 van der Waals heterojunctions
Authors: Feng Pu , He Sixian , Zhao Sixiang , Dang Congcong , Li Ming , Zhao Liancheng , Lu Hong-Liang , Gao Liming
Published: June 2022

The introduction of a graphene interlayer contributes to an ultrafast and high-responsivity self-powered photodetector using a WSe2–graphene–MoTe2 van der Waals heterojunction.
Intersection traffic deadlock formation and its probability: A petri net‐based modeling approach
Authors: Qi HongSheng , Yu Yi , Tang Qing , Hu XianBiao
Published: June 2022

Although traffic deadlock at an intersection is a common phenomenon during rush hours, the deadlock formation metrics such as formation probability and duration have not been derived yet. As Petri Net (PN)‐based approach can formulate the deadlock formation in analytical form and has been applied in numerous traffic flow studies, the PN is employed to investigate the deadlock formation probability and duration. First, each of the four main components of an intersection is formulated, namely vehicle trajectory, traffic signal, vehicle arrivals, and conflict behaviour, as a Petri Net (or IntersectionPN), and name them CellularPN, TrafficLightPN, DemandPN, and ConflictPN, respectively. Together, the entire intersection becomes an IntersectionPN, on which the system's three classes of states are defined, namely the deadlock state, the trap state, and the live state. The deadlock occurrence is formulated as an integer programming problem, while the formation probability and duration are studied by constructing a reachability graph that leads to the Markov chain of the system. A case study shows that the developed model is able to reproduce an intersection deadlock, and that the focus is on two priority behaviours: “First Enter First Serve” and “Pure Stochastic”. The results show that different behaviours lead to different deadlock formation metrics and that, when the saturation flow rate degrades (due to events such as severe weather conditions), a deadlock will occur more quickly. The research results provide the analysis tool for probabilistic deadlock formation. It can also be applied to the intersection deadlock prevention and control.
The ionizing properties of two bright Lyα emitters in the Bremer Deep Field reionized bubble at z = 7
Authors: Castellano M. , Pentericci L. , Cupani G. , Curtis-Lake E. , Vanzella E. , Amorín R. , Belfiori D. , Calabrò A. , Carniani S. , Charlot S. , Chevallard J. , Dayal P. , Dickinson M. , Ferrara A. , Fontana A. , Giallongo E. , Hutter A. , Merlin E. , Paris D. , Santini P.
Published: June 2022

Aims. We investigate the ionizing properties of the pair of bright Lyα emitting galaxies BDF521 and BDF2195 at z = 7.012 in order to constrain their contribution to the formation of the Bremer Deep Field (BDF) ‘reionized bubble’ in which they have been shown to reside.

Methods. We obtain constraints on four UV emission lines (the CIVλ1548 doublet, HeIIλ1640, the OIII]λ1660 doublet, and the CIII]λ1909 doublet) from deep VLT X-shooter observations and compare them to those available for other high-redshift objects, and to models with mixed stellar and active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. We use this spectroscopic information, together with the photometry available in the field, to constrain the physical properties of the two objects using the spectro-photometric fitting code BEAGLE.

Results. We do not detect any significant emission at the expected position of the UV lines, with 3σ upper limits of equivalent width (EW) ≲2–7 Å rest-frame. We find that the two objects have a lower CIII] emission than expected on the basis of the correlation between the Lyα and CIII] EWs. The EW limits on CIV and HeII emission exclude pure AGN templates at ∼2 − 3σ significance, and only models with a ≲40% AGN contribution are compatible with the observations. The two objects are found to be relatively young (∼20–30 Myrs) and metal-poor (≲0.3 Z⊙), with stellar masses of a few 109 M⊙. Their production rate of hydrogen ionizing photons per intrinsic UV luminosity is log(ξion*/Hz erg−1) = 25.02–25.26, consistent with values typically found in high-redshift galaxies, but more than twice lower than values measured in z > 7 galaxies with strong CIII] and/or optical line emission (≃25.6–25.7).

Conclusions. The two BDF emitters show no evidence of higher-than-average ionizing capabilities and are not capable of reionizing their surroundings by their own means, under realistic assumptions of the escape fraction of ionizing photons. Therefore, a dominant contribution to the formation of the reionized bubble must have been provided by fainter companion galaxies. The capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope will be needed for spectroscopic confirmation of these objects.
Network data envelopment analysis with two-level maximin strategy
Authors: Yang Feng , Sun Yu , Wang Dawei , Ang Sheng
Published: June 2022

Network data envelopment analysis (NDEA), one of the most important branches of recent DEA developments, has been developed for examining the decision making units (DMUs) of a system with complex and internal component divisions. In this study we apply a maximin strategy to network DEA at two levels. At the individual DMU level, we evaluate the system’s performance by maximizing the minimum of the divisions efficiencies, which is based on the weak-link approach. At the all DMUs level, we evaluate the system’s performance by maximizing the minimum of the DMUs’ efficiencies, which is based on the maximin ratio efficiency model. With such two-level maximin strategy, we propose the two-level maximin NDEA model to evaluate efficiencies of all divisions as well as all DMUs at the same time. The model will provide unique and unbiased efficiency scores for all divisions in a system and improve incomparable efficiency scores and weak discrimination power of traditional DEA models. In addition, we discuss the cross efficiency evaluation based on the two-level maximin NDEA model. The proposed models are applied to the efficiency evaluation of supply chains for illustrations.
Einführung neuer Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden im
G-DRG Fallpauschalensystem – Rückblick und
Analyse
Authors: Braun Marcel , Schoebel Christoph , Rosery Hubertus
Published: June 2022

Zielsetzung In Deutschland kann eine zusätzliche Kostenerstattung
für neue Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsverfahren (NUB) in frühen
Marktphasen beantragt werden. Später können diese dann in die
reguläre Erstattung über das G-DRG System
überführt werden. Zielsetzung der Studie ist die Analyse der
Anträge in Bezug auf Art der Innovationen und beteiligter medizinischer
Fachdisziplinen, Erfolgsrate von NUB-Anfragen sowie Transfer in das G-DRG
System.

Methodik Daten zu angefragten sowie überführten
NUB-Methoden wurden aus öffentlich zugänglichen Datenbanken
erhoben. Anschließend wurden diese gemäß ihrer Art sowie
der erbringenden medizinischen Fachdisziplin kategorisiert und statistisch
ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Von über 3.400 Behandlungsverfahren, für die in
den Jahren 2005 bis 2020 eine NUB-Anfrage gestellt wurde, erhielten 431 Methoden
den Status 1. Die meisten Anfrage wurden für Pharmazeutika gestellt,
gefolgt von Medizinprodukten, Prozeduren und Diagnostikverfahren. 105 Methoden
(2,6%) wurden in das G-DRG System überführt. Dabei war
für Pharmazeutika die Wahrscheinlichkeit für einen Transfer
höher. Die Mehrzahl der Verfahren mit Status 1 waren der Onkologie bzw.
Kardiologie zuzuordnen.

Schlussfolgerung Die Mehrzahl der über NUB eingeführten
Innovationen wurden zur Behandlung onkologischer bzw. kardiologischer
Erkrankungen verwendet. Ein Transfer aus dem NUB-Verfahren in das G-DRG System
findet selten statt und ist wahrscheinlicher für Pharmazeutika als
für andere innovativen Methoden.
Construction of Indole Skeletons through Direct Catalytic Three-Component Domino Reactions of Vinylarenes, Aldehydes, and Pronucleophiles
Authors: Matsuo Jun-ichi , Hori Fuka , Yoshimura Tomoyuki
Published: June 2022

A synthesis of 3-alkyl-2-arylindoles was performed by sequential oxidation and reduction of 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanols that were prepared by base-catalyzed three-component reactions of vinylarenes, aldehydes, and various pronucleophiles, including nitroalkanes, thiols, and malonates. In addition to indoles, a selective synthesis of an N-hydroxyindole was accomplished. The highly nucleophilic character of transient benzylic anions in DMSO was also clarified for the three-component reactions.
Continuous Infusion of Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor in Surgery: Trials with pdFVIII LFB or pdVWF LFB in Patients with Bleeding Disorders
Authors: Windyga Jerzy , Guillet Benoît , Rugeri Lucia , Fournel Alexandra , Stefanska-Windyga Ewa , Chamouard Valérie , Pujol Sonia , Henriet Céline , Bridey Françoise , Négrier Claude
Published: June 2022

Background A plasma-derived factor VIII product (pdFVIII; Factane 100 or 200 IU/mL) and a plasma-derived von Willebrand factor product (pdVWF; Wilfactin 100 IU/mL) are approved for replacement therapy by intravenous bolus injections in hemophilia A (HA) and von Willebrand disease (VWD), respectively. However, in situations requiring intensive treatment, continuous infusion (CI) may be desirable to better control target plasma factor levels.

Aim To evaluate the perioperative hemostatic efficacy and safety of these concentrates administered by CI.

Methods Three phase III trials were conducted. Adults with HA (FVIII:C < 1%) (studies 1 and 2) or VWD (VWF:RCo < 20%) (Study 3) received a preoperative bolus followed by CI of undiluted concentrate for at least 6 days. Bolus doses and CI rates were based on individual recovery and clearance, respectively. The initial infusion rate had to be higher for 48 hours for HA and 24 hours for VWD patients to anticipate potential fluctuations of factor concentrations during major surgery. Target levels of FVIII:C in HA and VWF:RCo in VWD were 80 and 70 IU/dL, respectively. Efficacy was assessed using a global hemostatic efficacy score.

Results Studies 1, 2, and 3 included 12, 4, and 6 patients, respectively. Efficacy outcomes were excellent/good in all 22 major surgeries including 18 orthopedic procedures. Most daily measured FVIII and VWF levels (92%) were on target. No safety concerns, thrombotic events, or inhibitors were identified.

Conclusion pdFVIII and pdVWF administered by CI represent an effective and safe alternative to bolus injections in patients with severe HA or VWD undergoing surgery.
Concise One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction Approach to Mono­fluo­rinated Spiro-pyrazole-pyridine Derivatives without Additional Catalyst
Authors: Song Liping , Liu Ying , Zhang Yiping , Zhou Yingkai , Zhang Min , Deng Hongmei
Published: June 2022

Monofluorinated bis-heterocyclic spirocycles: functionalized ethyl 9-fluoro-8-methyl-1,4-dioxo-2,3,6,10-tetraphenyl-2,3,7-triazaspiro[4.5]dec-7-ene-9-carboxylate derivatives were efficiently synthesized from readily available 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione, ethyl 2-fluoroacetoacetate, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate via one-pot four-component reactions in the absence of additional catalyst. In the protocols, ammonium acetate serves not only as the fourth component but also as the catalyst.
Systematic Review of Innovative Diagnostic Tests for Chronic
Exertional Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Ritchie Ewan D. , Vogels Sanne , van Dongen Thijs T. C. F. , van der Burg Boudewijn L. S. Borger , Scheltinga Marc R. M. , Zimmermann Wes O. , Hoencamp Rigo
Published: June 2022

The diagnosis chronic exertional compartment syndrome is traditionally linked to
elevated intracompartmental pressures, although uncertainty regarding this
diagnostic instrument is increasing. The aim of current review was to evaluate
literature for alternative diagnostic tests. A search in line with PRISMA
criteria was conducted. Studies evaluating diagnostic tests for chronic
exertional compartment syndrome other than intracompartmental pressure
measurements were included. Bias and quality of studies were evaluated using the
Oxford Levels of Evidence and the QUADAS-2 instrument. A total of 28 studies met
study criteria (MRI n=8, SPECT n=6, NIRS n=4, MRI and
NIRS together n=1, miscellaneous modalities n=9). Promising
results were reported for MRI (n=4), NIRS (n=4) and SPECT
(n=3). These imaging techniques rely on detecting changes of signal
intensity in manually selected regions of interest in the muscle compartments of
the leg. Yet, diagnostic tools and protocols were diverse. Moreover, five
studies explored alternative modalities serving as an adjunct, rather than
replacing pressure measurements. Future research is warranted as clinical and
methodological heterogeneity were present and high quality validation studies
were absent. Further optimization of specific key criteria based on a
patient’s history, physical examination and symptom provocation may
potentially render intracompartmental pressure measurement redundant.
Multidimensional Isotropic Magnetic Shielding Contour Maps for the Visualization of Aromaticity in ortho-Arynes and Their Reactions
Authors: Carissan Yannick , Coquerel Yoann , Artigas Albert , Hagebaum-Reignier Denis
Published: June 2022

Visualization of electron delocalization and aromaticity in some selected arynes, including nonplanar examples, and their Diels–Alder or dimerization reactions was achieved through multidimensional isotropic magnetic shielding contour maps. These maps showed that arynes are generally less aromatic than the corresponding arenes, and that aromaticity peaks during their reactions when approaching the transition state.
Ectopic Varices: A Primer
Authors: Novelli Paula M. , Orons Philip D.
Published: June 2022

Esophageal varices (EV) are observed in patients with cirrhotic and noncirrhotic portal hypertension. Ectopic varices (ECV) occur outside the esophagogastric region, are less common, and often more challenging to diagnose and effectively manage. The absence of an EV source on endoscopy should raise concern for ECV in patients with significant non-arterial bleeding within the abdomen or gastrointestinal tract. Patient clinical factors including cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis, and prior abdominal or pelvic surgery warrant an approach for identifying a treatable ECV source. This article offers a descriptive approach to diagnosing and managing ECV in patients with portal hypertension.
Complex Repair and Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in KDs III and IV Multiligamentous Knee Injuries—Results of Mid-Term Follow-up
Authors: Gan Yudong , Zhuang Jian , Jiang Wenxiao , Zhang Yijun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the present study was to describe the longitudinal outcomes of acute repair of extra-articular structure and anatomical reconstruction of cruciate ligament for knee dislocations (KDs) III and IV multiligamentous knee injuries. Forty-seven patients with an acute KD III or IV were treated with one-stage management within 9.2 days. Forty-five KDs III and IV with a follow-up at a mean of 53.2 months were evaluated. The mean International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and Tegner score were 81.5 ± 0.7, 89.6 ± 1.2, and 6.8 ± 0.5, respectively. Comparing preoperative data with those at the latest follow-up, significant improvements in IKDC score (p < 0.01), Lysholm score (p < 0.01), and Tegner score (p < 0.01) were noted in all groups. Comparing contralateral knee stability, no statistical differences were found including the varus/valgus (0 degree/30 degrees) and Telos stress radiography. So, acute repair of extra-articular structure and anatomical reconstruction of cruciate ligament resulted in satisfactory outcomes for KDs III and IV multiligamentous knee injuries.
Characterization of Cartilage Injury and Associated Treatment at the Time of Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Mescher Patrick K. , Anderson Ashley B. , Dekker Travis J. , Pav Veronika , Dickens Jonathan F.
Published: June 2022

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears with concomitant cartilage injuries resulting in ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with cartilaginous procedures are common in the young, high-demand population. The purpose of this study was to report and characterize cartilage treatments performed at the time of index ACLR reconstruction and to determine if those treatments are associated with revision surgery (of any kind) in the 4-year follow-up. We performed a consecutive series of active duty service members in the Military Health System Data Repository with ACLR with and without concomitant cartilage procedures done at military facilities between October 2008 and September 2011. Patients were continuously enrolled with no history of knee surgeries for 2 years prior to primary ACLR. ACLR failure was defined as revision ACLR within 4 years following the primary ACLR. Of the 2,735 primary ACLRs included in the study, 5.3% (143/2,735) underwent isolated ACLR with a cartilage procedure. Of these patients, 23.07% (33/143) experienced ACLR failure within 4 years after ACLR with cartilage procedures, including 33.33% (11/33) undergoing revision ACLR. We found concomitant cartilage procedures at time of index ACLR to have the following rates of revision 35.59% (21/59) for microfracture, 14.63% (6/41) for chondroplasty, and 13.95% (6/43) for osteochondral grafts. The overall clinical failure rate of service members with ACLR plus concomitant cartilage procedure is 23.07% with minimum 4-year follow-up. Further research should be done to identify modifiable demographic and surgical factors associated with failure. This is a retrospective case-control study that reflects level of evidence III.
Comparative Study of Calculated LDL-Cholesterol Levels with the Direct Assay in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Authors: Sankanagoudar Shrimanjunath , Tomo Sojit , Shukla Ravindra Kumar G. , Sharma Praveen
Published: June 2022

Background Hypothyroidism is one among the many factors that predisposes one to coronary artery disease. As low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is associated with cardiovascular risk, calculated LDL-C should have good accuracy with minimal bias. Hypothyroidism alters the lipid composition of lipoproteins by the secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which affects the calculation of LDL-C. The present study aimed to compare 13 different formulae for the calculation of LDL-C including the newly derived Martin's formula by direct assay in patients of hypothyroidism.

Method In this analytical cross-sectional study, a total of 105 patients with laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism, from January to June 2019, were studied, and blood samples were subjected for lipid profile analysis at central biochemistry laboratory. Calculated LDL-C was assessed by different formulae.

Result We observed that calculated LDL-C by Friedewald's, Cordova's, Anandaraja's, Hattori's, and Chen's formulae has bias less than ± 5 compared with direct LDL-C, with Anandaraja's formula having the lowest bias (2.744) and Cordova's formula having lowest bias percentage (−1.077) among them. According to the Bland–Altman plots, the bias in Friedewald's and Anandraja's were equally distributed below and above the reference line of direct LDL-C.

Conclusion This is the first study comparing different formulae for LDL-C calculation in patients with hypothyroidism. Anandaraja's formula was as equally effective as Friedewald's formula when used as an alternative cost-effective tool to evaluate LDL-C in hypothyroid patients. The recently proposed Martin's formula for calculated LDL-C had a higher bias when compared with Friedewald's and Anandaraja's formulae in patients with hypothyroidism.