bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dispatcher‐Assisted Public‐Access Defibrillation Programs on the Outcomes of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Before‐and‐After Study
Authors: Huang Chien‐Hsiung , Chien Cheng‐Yu , Ng Chip‐Jin , Fang Shao‐Yu , Wang Ming‐Fang , Lin Chi‐Chun , Chen Chen‐Bin , Tsai Li‐Heng , Hsu Kuang‐Hung , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia
Published: January 2024

Background

Public access defibrillation (PAD) programs have been implemented globally over the past decade. Although PAD can substantially increase the survival of cardiac arrest, PAD use remains low. This study aimed to evaluate whether drawing upon the successful experiences of dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation programs would increase the use of PAD in dispatcher‐assisted PAD programs.

Methods and Results

This study using a before‐and‐after design was conducted in Taoyuan City using a local out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest registry system and data of dispatcher performance derived from audio recordings. The primary outcomes were the rate of bystander PAD use, sustained return of spontaneous circulation, survival to discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes. The secondary outcomes were the performance of dispatchers in terms of PAD instruction and dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation administration, the time interval indicators of dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A total of 1159 patients were included and divided into 2 groups: the before‐run‐in group (502 patients) and the after‐run‐in group (657 patients). No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of baseline characteristics. The rate of PAD use in the after‐run‐in group significantly increased from 5.0% to 8.7% (
P
=0.015). The rate of favorable neurological outcomes increased from 4.4% to 5.9%, which was not a statistically significant difference. Compared with the before‐run‐in group, the rate of successful automated external defibrillator acquisition was 13.5% in the after‐run‐in group (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Implementing a dispatcher‐assisted PAD protocol in a municipality setting significantly increased bystander PAD use without affecting dispatcher performance in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest recognition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation instruction, or dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation time indicators.
Higher Cholesterol Absorption Marker at Baseline Predicts Fewer Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients Receiving Hypercholesterolemia Treatment: The KEEP Study
Authors: Kuwabara Masanari , Sasaki Jun , Ouchi Yasuyoshi , Oikawa Shinichi , Nakagawa Kiyotaka , Sato Masao , Koba Shinji , Kono Suminori , Saikawa Tetsunori , Arai Hidenori
Published: January 2024

Background

Higher cholesterol absorption has been reported to be related to a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs). The KEEP (Kyushu Elderly Ezetimibe Phytosterol) study, a substudy of the EWTOPIA 75 (Ezetimibe Lipid‐Lowering Trial on Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in 75 or Older) study, investigated the relationships of cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers with CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia, particularly in relation to ezetimibe treatment.

Methods and Results

Eligible patients were those aged ≥75 years who had low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, no history of coronary artery disease, and no recent use of lipid‐lowering drugs. Participants were randomly assigned into a diet‐only or diet‐plus‐ezetimibe group. Baseline and 24‐week follow‐up blood samples were analyzed for cholesterol absorption (eg, campesterol) and synthesis markers (eg, lathosterol). Of 1287 patients, 1061 patients with baseline measurement were analyzed. Over a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 64 CVEs occurred. Higher campesterol levels at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of CVEs. After adjustment for sex, age, and treatment, the hazard ratios for the lowest to highest quartile categories of baseline campesterol were 1.00 (reference), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.30–1.17), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21–0.94), and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21–0.93), respectively (trend
P
=0.01). This association persisted after further adjustment for hypertension, diabetes, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Neither interactions with ezetimibe treatment nor mediating effects of the changes in cholesterol absorption markers were observed.

Conclusions

The KEEP study indicated that higher campesterol levels without lipid‐lowering drugs were associated with a lower incidence of CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia who were subsequently treated with diet or ezetimibe.

Registration

URL:
https://www.umin.ac.jp
; unique identifier: UMIN000017769.
Artificial Intelligence of Arterial Doppler Waveforms to Predict Major Adverse Outcomes Among Patients Evaluated for Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: McBane Robert D. , Murphree Dennis H. , Liedl David , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Attia Itzhak Zachi , Arruda‐Olson Adelaide M. , Scott Christopher G. , Prodduturi Naresh , Nowakowski Steve E. , Rooke Thom W. , Casanegra Ana I. , Wysokinski Waldemar E. , Houghton Damon E. , Bjarnason Haraldur , Wennberg Paul W.
Published: January 2024

Background

Patients with peripheral artery disease are at increased risk for major adverse cardiac events, major adverse limb events, and all‐cause death. Developing tools capable of identifying those patients with peripheral artery disease at greatest risk for major adverse events is the first step for outcome prevention. This study aimed to determine whether computer‐assisted analysis of a resting Doppler waveform using deep neural networks can accurately identify patients with peripheral artery disease at greatest risk for adverse outcome events.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients (April 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020) undergoing ankle–brachial index testing were included. Patients were randomly allocated to training, validation, and testing subsets (60%/20%/20%). Deep neural networks were trained on resting posterior tibial arterial Doppler waveforms to predict major adverse cardiac events, major adverse limb events, and all‐cause death at 5 years. Patients were then analyzed in groups based on the quartiles of each prediction score in the training set. Among 11 384 total patients, 10 437 patients met study inclusion criteria (mean age, 65.8±14.8 years; 40.6% women). The test subset included 2084 patients. During 5 years of follow‐up, there were 447 deaths, 585 major adverse cardiac events, and 161 MALE events. After adjusting for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index, deep neural network analysis of the posterior tibial artery waveform provided independent prediction of death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.44 [95% CI, 1.78–3.34]), major adverse cardiac events (HR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.49–2.61]), and major adverse limb events (HR, 11.03 [95% CI, 5.43–22.39]) at 5 years.

Conclusions

An artificial intelligence–enabled analysis of Doppler arterial waveforms enables identification of major adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral artery disease, which may promote early adoption and adherence of risk factor modification.
Context-aware Transliteration of Romanized South Asian Languages
Authors: Kirov Christo , Johny Cibu , Katanova Anna , Gutkin Alexander , Roark Brian
Published: January 2024

While most transliteration research is focused on single tokens such as named entities—for example, transliteration of from the Gujarati script to the Latin script “Ahmedabad” footnoteThe most populous city in the Indian state of Gujarat. the informal romanization prevalent in South Asia and elsewhere often requires transliteration of full sentences. The lack of large parallel text collections of full sentence (as opposed to single word) transliterations necessitates incorporation of contextual information into transliteration via non-parallel resources, such as via mono-script text collections. In this article, we present a number of methods for improving transliteration in context for such a use scenario. Some of these methods in fact improve performance without making use of sentential context, allowing for better quantification of the degree to which contextual information in particular is responsible for system improvements. Our final systems, which ultimately rely upon ensembles including large pretrained language models fine-tuned on simulated parallel data, yield substantial improvements over the best previously reported results for full sentence transliteration from Latin to native script on all 12 languages in the Dakshina dataset (Roark et al. 2020), with an overall 3.3% absolute (18.6% relative) mean word-error rate reduction.
Neural correlates of cognitive ability and visuo-motor speed: Validation of IDoCT on UK Biobank Data
Authors: Giunchiglia Valentina , Curtis Sharon , Smith Stephen , Allen Naomi , Hampshire Adam
Published: January 2024

Automated online and App-based cognitive assessment tasks are becoming increasingly popular in large-scale cohorts and biobanks due to advantages in affordability, scalability, and repeatability. However, the summary scores that such tasks generate typically conflate the cognitive processes that are the intended focus of assessment with basic visuo-motor speeds, testing device latencies, and speed-accuracy tradeoffs. This lack of precision presents a fundamental limitation when studying brain-behaviour associations. Previously, we developed a novel modelling approach that leverages continuous performance recordings from large-cohort studies to achieve an iterative decomposition of cognitive tasks (IDoCT), which outputs data-driven estimates of cognitive abilities, and device and visuo-motor latencies, whilst recalibrating trial-difficulty scales. Here, we further validate the IDoCT approach with UK BioBank imaging data. First, we examine whether IDoCT can improve ability distributions and trial-difficulty scales from an adaptive picture-vocabulary task (PVT). Then, we confirm that the resultant visuo-motor and cognitive estimates associate more robustly with age and education than the original PVT scores. Finally, we conduct a multimodal brain-wide association study with free-text analysis to test whether the brain regions that predict the IDoCT estimates have the expected differential relationships with visuo-motor versus language and memory labels within the broader imaging literature. Our results support the view that the rich performance timecourses recorded during computerised cognitive assessments can be leveraged with modelling frameworks like IDoCT to provide estimates of human cognitive abilities that have superior distributions, re-test reliabilities, and brain-wide associations.
Can black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) be reared on waste streams for food and feed? – A safety perspective
Authors: Hoffmans Y. , Veldkamp T. , Meijer N.P. , Brust G.M.H. , van der Schans M.G.M. , Prins T.W. , van Rozen K. , Elissen H. , van Wikselaar P. , van der Weide R. , van der Fels-Klerx H.J. , Hoek-van den Hil E.F.
Published: January 2024

The use of insects as feed and food can be part of the solution towards a circular economy, in case the safety of insect products is assured. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens) can be reared on different waste streams. However, before BSFL can be legally reared on these streams, the safety of BSFL for feed and food should be assessed thoroughly. This study aimed to investigate several food safety aspects of BSFL grown on waste streams. Therefore, BSFL were reared for 7 days on substrate mixtures of waste streams with similar protein and moisture content. These waste streams included fast food waste (FF), mushroom stem (MS), pig manure solids (PS), poultry meal (PM) and slaughter waste (SW). The substrates, BSFL and the frass were analysed for the presence of metals and veterinary drugs. The substrates and BSFL were also analysed for presence of DNA of ruminant, pig and chicken. Some of the metals accumulated in BSFL, although the concentrations in BSFL (as these would be manufactured as feed) were below maximum limits for feed. Only traces of some of the analysed veterinary drugs were found in the BFSL and no accumulation thereof was observed. DNA of ruminant and pig was traced back in BSFL samples, however, chicken was not. A good understanding of the presence of food safety hazards and possible variance thereof in potential substrates, such as waste streams, and their possible residues in insects is necessary for implementation of this circular way of insect feeding in the food chain.
Effects of mealworm hydrolysates on improving immune function and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-induced mice
Authors: Kim S.-M. , Lee Y.-S. , Jaiswal V. , Kim J.-Y. , Park E.-J. , Lee H.-J.
Published: January 2024

The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the host from infections and other diseases. Dysregulation of immune function is a risk factor for various noninfectious diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Tenebrio molitor larvae, also known as mealworms, are edible insects that are a protein-rich food source. This study investigated the effects of mealworm hydrolysate (MH) on immune enhancement and gut microbiota changes in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mouse model. The findings revealed that MH administration increased natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine levels. The MH treatment group demonstrated significantly elevated serum cytokine levels and splenic cytokine mRNA expression compared to the model group. MH also increased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα). Additionally, MH treatment altered the composition of the gut microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Corynebacterium, which are linked to immune function. Collectively, this study shows that MH improves immune-related markers and modulates the gut microbiota, implying that it could be used as a functional food for immune enhancement.
Effect of m6A Methylation Modification on IncRNA ENST00000425005 in Doxorubicin Resistance and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Progression in Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Yuan , Tan Wenyi , Li Xinyue , Zhang Xiaojin , Chen Chunyan , Wu Xiaoyi , Yu Xiyong
Published: January 2024

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, accounting for 18.4% of all cancer deaths. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism by which long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ENST00000425005 mediates doxorubicin resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) in lung cancer cells. The expression levels of ENST00000425005 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) and EMT markers
(including Snail1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin) were assessed using Western Blot analysis. RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to detect the interaction between ENST00000425005 and ALKBH5. Cell viability was evaluated using cell counting kits assay, and cell
invasion was determined by transwell assay. It was found that ENST00000425005 expression was downregulated, while ALKBH5 expression was upregulated in NSCLC cells. Additionally, ALKBH5 bound to ENST00000425005 and downregulated its expression. Overexpression of ALKBH5 reduced m6A modification
and RNA levels of ENST00000425005. Moreover, co-overexpression of ENST00000425005 and ALKBH5 rescued loss of NSCLC cell viability, invasion, and doxorubicin resistance caused by overexpression of ENST00000425005. Furthermore, this co-overexpression rescued ENST00000425005-induced changes in
expression of E-cadherin, Snail1, N-cadherin, and Vimentin. The reduction of m6A methylation modification on lncRNA ENST00000425005 caused by binding to ALKBH5 promoted doxorubicin resistance and EMT progression in NSCLC cells. In summary, targeting lncRNA ENST00000425005 holds promise as
a therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
Detection of MiRNA-126-5p in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Nano-Polymerase Chain Reaction and Its Regulatory Mechanism of Radiation Sensitivity to Cancer Cells
Authors: Huang Dongning , Huang Jian , Yi Weili , Zhou Yanhua , Lai Mengting , Chen Zhili , Yin Xin , Qin Li
Published: January 2024

Radiotherapy resistance remains a huge hindrance in treating non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Hyperthermia, a treatment method that raises the cell temperature to treat tumors, has been putting in clinical application combined with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy to
enhance their effectiveness in NSCLC treatment. However, the specific mechanism of this combination therapy has not been extensively researched. In this study, we established a radiation-resistant NSCLC cell line by sequential radiation exposure. It was shown that the combination of hyperthermia
and radiotherapy suppressed NSCLC xenograft tumor growth and increased radiation-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-126-5p was found in radio-resistant NSCLC cells. The results of bioinformatics analysis based on ENCORI showed that RAD50 is a direct target of miR-126-5p.
Overexpressed miR-126-5p increased radiation-induced cell death by suppressing RAD50 expression. Hyperthermia treatment increases miR-126-5p and decreases RAD50, leading to more unrepaired DNA damage and greater cellular death. In conclusion, hyperthermia enhances NSCLC cells’ radio-sensitivity
via miR-126-5p/RAD50 axis.
[ARTICLE WITHDRAWN] Preparation of Paclitaxel Nanocrystals Coated with Folic Acid-Modified Phospholipids Based on Preoperative Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Liu Kai , Momtazi-Borojeni Amir Abbas , Liu Luguang , Ghasemi Darestani Nadia , Moradian Arsalan , Salman Hayder Mahmood , Chai Jie
Published: January 2024

THIS ARTICLE WAS WITHDRAWN BY THE PUBLISHER IN May 2024
Nanoparticles Improve the Passage of Nerve Growth Factor Through Blood-Brain Barrier by Stimulating Aβ Clearance
Authors: Pin Wang , Xia Dongxia , Wang Yihe , Qu Yue
Published: January 2024

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is critical for peripheral ganglion cell survival. However, it cannot penetrate blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, a carrier system is required to enhance its transport across BBB. First, the ultrastructure and permeability of BBB from mice modeled by NGF
nanoparticle treatment were evaluated by electron microscopy. The influx of NGF into brain was then observed using laser spectroscopy and immunofluorescence. Finally, learning and memory abilities were assessed, and hippocampal cell apoptosis was assessed using fluorescent TUNEL staining.
NGF nanoparticles (NPs) induced enhanced permeability of BBB, indicating that NGF NPs can enhance BBB permeability. In NGF nanoparticle group, FITC-NGF showed significant vascular infiltration, but not in control and model groups. NGF NPs stimulated Aβ scavenging ability to promote
NGF passage through blood vessels. Compared with control group, NGF NPs group had a longer distance to find the platform on day 5 and a longer incubation period. And apoptosis in NGF nanoparticle group was lower than control group. NGF NPs can induce NGF to enter brain probably by increasing
the permeability of BBB. NGF NPs can be used as a new strategy to deliver therapeutic drugs to the central nervous system.
Identification of the Gene Network in the Progress and Development of Pterygium
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Yang , Zhang Mingchang
Published: January 2024

The prevalence of pterygium was 12%. Pterygium have been a common ophthalmic disease in the whole world, but its mechanism is still unclear. To comprehensively understand the reasons for the formation and progress of pterygium, here we analyzed the difference in transcriptomes between
pterygium and healthy conjunctiva. Using the database of GSE51995 and GSE183153.We queried all data sets involving pterygium studies in GEO. GO annotation, KEGG pathway, and PPI enrichment analysis were used in the exploration of the mechanism. Then we validated the transcription level of
the key network node genes with qRT-PCR. We identified 143 down-regulated genes and 221 up-regulated genes, and the bioinformatic analysis and qPCR validation confirmed 10 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated genes, what related AGER, ECM, estrogen and cAMP. We comprehensively analyzed two pterygium
transcriptome data sets, GSE51995 and GSE183153. The PPI analysis result and the further qPCR result suggested that the AGER-RAGE pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, estrogen receptor pathway, and cAMP signal pathway might be involved in pterygium progression and development.
Progression of Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma is Aggravated by LINC01410-Induced Upregulation of PGK1 via the Sponge Effect on miR-4523
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Zhao Deqing , Chen Xi
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the role of LINC01410 in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) progression and the underlying mechanisms. Differential expressions of LINC01410, miR-4523, and PGK1 were examined in NSCLC and normal specimens using qRT-PCR. Prognostic and diagnostic potentials
of LINC01410 were assessed via Kaplan-Meier and ROC analyses. Proliferation and migration rates in LINC01410-manipulated A549 and H1299 cells were evaluated using CCK-8 and transwell assays. Binding relationships between LINC01410/miR-4523 and miR-4523/PGK1 were determined through luciferase
assays and correlation tests. Rescue experiments were conducted to elucidate the LINC01410/miR-4523/PGK1 axis’s role in NSCLC cell behavior regulation. LINC01410 and PGK1 were upregulated in NSCLC specimens, while miR-4523 was downregulated. High LINC01410 levels predicted poor NSCLC
prognosis, with diagnostic potential confirmed by ROC curves. LINC01410 overexpression significantly enhanced A549 and H1299 cell proliferation and migration. LINC01410 acted as a miR-4523 sponge, and miR-4523 targeted PGK1. PGK1 overexpression partially attenuated LINC01410-induced NSCLC
cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, LINC01410 drives NSCLC cell proliferation and migration by upregulating PGK1 through miR-4523 sequestration.
Analysis of Clinical Diagnostic Value of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined with MRI in Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Ge Weiying , Yin Xiujuan , Wang Ruxin , Zhao Jianxi
Published: January 2024

A study involving 73 patients with early breast space-occupying diseases (41 malignant, 32 benign) utilized 1.5T quantitative dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to measure lesion-specific parameters. These included the contrast medium’s transfer rate from intravascular
to extravascular (Ktrans), return rate to blood vessels (Kep), and tumor vessel volume fraction (Vp). Pathological results post-surgery served as the gold standard. Comparisons between benign and malignant groups, as well as malignant subtypes,
were made. Malignant lesions exhibited varied Ktrans (0.108–2.810 min−1) and Vp (0.0018–0.743 ml) values. Benign lesions had Ktrans (0.125–2.472 min−1), Kep (0.008–1.760
min−1), and Vp (0.006–0.816 ml) values. Significant differences were observed in Ktrans and Vp (P < 0.05), but not in Kep and Vp (P > 0.05). While differences
between hormonal and HER2 statuses were minimal, Kep in HER2-positive tumors was notable (P < 0.05). Subtype comparisons showed no significant Ktrans variation (P > 0.05) but differences in Kep and Vp.
In conclusion, Ktrans is crucial for diagnosing early breast cancer and distinguishing between benign and malignant diseases. The study underscores the potential of quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in breast cancer diagnosis
Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Inhibited Fibroblast Senescence by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Through Sirtuin 1
Authors: Ding Yagang , Song Zhiming , Wang Heqing , Guan Sibin , Xin Yuanfeng , Li Qinchuan , Wan Feng
Published: January 2024

Adipose-derived stem cells are widely used in aging field because of their extensive sources, low immunogenicity and strong secretory function. In particular, the exosomes of adipose-derived stem cells are rich in small molecules of RNA and protein. Studies have shown that exosomes
also play a role in regulation of ER stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that exosomes of adipose-derived stem cells could regulate ER stress and delay fibroblasts senescence. In this study, we use H2O2 to promote cellular senescence and treat with adipose-derived stem
cell exosomes. The function of cell proliferation and apoptosis were compared, and the levels of validating factor and collagen were detected. Then we explored the mechanism of action of exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells. We found adipose-derived stem cell exosomes could inhibit
fibroblast senescence, including promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis and regulating collagen secretion, by regulating ER stress through SIRT1. This study suggests that adipose-derived stem cell exosomes inhibit fibroblast senescence in many aspects of the phenomenon has some
significance.
miR-582-5p Regulates Cell Stemness and Recurrence in Bladder Cancer via Targeting CD81
Authors: Xie Tianlei , Zhang Xuyu , Zhang Zhongqing , Cao Wenmin , Chen Wei , Guo Hongqian , Zhuang Junlong
Published: January 2024

To explore the underlying molecular mechanism of cancer stem cells (CSCs) driving bladder cancer (BC) recurrence and progression. Tumor xenograft model in vivo was established after 4–6-week-old male nude mice were subcutaneously injected with 5×106 of
T24 and 5637 cells in 0.1 mL 50% Matrigel. Pearson correlation analysis analyzed the correlation between miR-582-5p and CD81, and which was furtherly verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Sphere formation assay, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR and Western blot
were carried to examine sphere formation, ALDHhigh populations, the level of genes and proteins. Multivariate analysis was carried to explore the factors associated with recurrence free survival of BC patients. miR-582-5p was down-regulated in patients with BC, and miR-582-5p overexpression
negatively correlated with BC stemness. Mechanically, miR-582-5p negatively targeted to CD81. Functionally, miR-582-5p overexpression inhibited BC stemness and recurrence via targeting CD81. Our study illustrated that miR-582-5p inhibited cell stemness and recurrence via targeting CD81 in
BC. Our findings illustrated the specific molecular mechanism of miR-582-5p inhibiting BC progression. miR-582-5p may serve as the novel biomarker for BC clinical therapeutics and prognosis.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Allergy in the Ambulatory Setting Using a Standardized Questionnaire
Authors: Yi Sarah M. , Barsanti-Sekhar Mary , Wozniak Amy W. , Santarossa Maressa , Adams Jenna , Albarillo Fritzie
Published: January 2024

Patients are sometimes mislabeled as having an immune-mediated antibiotic allergy in their medical records. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of subjects with non-immune mediated reactions to antibiotics using a standardized questionnaire. Subjects aged 18 years and older with a documented antibiotic allergy were identified and recruited from 2 outpatient clinics in the greater Chicago area. Subjects completed a standardized questionnaire during a single visit regarding their previous adverse reaction to an antibiotic. For subjects with multiple documented antibiotic allergies, 1 questionnaire was filled out for each antibiotic allergy. Investigators subsequently evaluated the questionnaire responses to determine whether the adverse reaction was a true immune-mediated allergic reaction or an adverse drug reaction. A total of 98 subjects were recruited with completion of 159 questionnaires. Eighteen subjects (18.37%, 95% CI: 10.7%, 26.3%) had antibiotic allergy labels with no corresponding immune-mediated reaction history. There were 35 allergy labels (22.0%, 95% CI: 14.7%, 29.4%) that were unlikely to be immune-mediated. Antibiotics with the highest percentage of clinical histories that were unlikely to be immune-mediated were macrolides (8 of 11 subjects), nitrofurantoin (1 of 2 subjects), and amoxicillin/clavulanate (2 of 8 subjects). The most common antibiotic allergy labels were penicillin (43 of 159 subjects), sulfonamides (25 of 159 subjects), and fluoroquinolones (21 of 159 subjects). Identification of adverse reactions to antibiotics that are unlikely to be immune-mediated can be accomplished using a standardized questionnaire in the outpatient setting. Improved identification of low-risk antibiotic allergy labels can guide de-labeling initiatives to improve antibiotic prescribing.
Plumboperloffite, PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3, a new member of the bjarebyite group from Wiperaminga Hill, South Australia, Australia
Authors: Elliott Peter , Kampf Anthony R.
Published: January 2024

Plumboperloffite, PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3, is a new mineral and member of the bjarebyite group from Wiperaminga Hill West Quarry, Boolcoomatta Reserve, Olary Province, South Australia, Australia. The mineral was found in a single cavity in triplite–barbosalite matrix associated with fluorapatite, phosphosiderite, natrodufrénite and fluorite. The mineral forms intergrowths of subparallel, thin tabular to bladed crystals. Individual crystals are up to 40 μm in length. Plumboperloffite is brownish orange in colour with a vitreous lustre. The mineral has brittle tenacity, an excellent cleavage on {100} and uneven fracture. The calculated density is 4.416 g/cm3. Plumboperloffite is biaxial (+), α = 1.87(1), β = 1.88(1) and γ = 1.89(1) as measured in white light. The measured 2V is 88(1)°. Dispersion is apparently strong, based on extinction colours and the orientation is Y = b. The pleochroism in shades of yellow brown is X < Z < Y. Electron microprobe analysis gave the empirical formula (based on 15 O apfu) (Pb0.92Ca0.04Ba0.01K0.01)Σ0.98(Mn2+1.84Fe2+0.13)Σ1.97(Fe3+1.97Al0.03)Σ2.00(P3.01O11.94)(OH)Σ3.06. Plumboperloffite is monoclinic, space group P21/m with a = 9.1765(18), b = 12.340(3), c = 5.0092(10) Å, β = 101.01(3)°, V = 556.8(2) Å3 and Z = 2. The crystal structure has been refined using X-ray single-crystal data to a final R1 = 0.0207 on the basis of 1417 reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo). The mineral is isostructural with members of the bjarebyite-group minerals.
A Novel On-Site-Real-Time Method for Identifying Characteristic Parameters Using Ultrasonic Echo Groups and Neural Network
Authors: Duan Shuyong , Zhang Jialin , Ouyang Heng , Han Xu , Liu Guirong
Published: January 2024

On-site and real-time non-destructive measurement of elastic constants for materials of a component in a in-service structure is a challenge due to structural complexities, such as ambiguous boundary, variable thickness, nonuniform material properties. This work develops for the first time a method that uses ultrasound echo groups and artificial neural network (ANN) for reliable on-site real-time identification of material parameters. The use of echo groups allows the use of lower frequencies, and hence more accommodative to structural complexity. To train the ANNs, a numerical model is established that is capable of computing the waveform of ultrasonic echo groups for any given set of material properties of a given structure. The waveform of an ultrasonic echo groups at an interest location on the surface the structure with material parameters varying in a predefined range are then computed using the numerical model. This results in a set of dataset for training the ANN model. Once the ANN is trained, the material parameters can be identified simultaneously using the actual measured echo waveform as input to the ANN. Intensive tests have been conducted both numerically and experimentally to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the currently proposed method. The results show that the maximum identification error of numerical example is less than 2%, and the maximum identification error of experimental test is less than 7%. Compared with currently prevailing methods and equipment, the proposefy the density and thickness, in addition to the elastic constants. Moreover, the reliability and accuracy of inverse prediction is significantly improved. Thus, it has broad applications and enables real-time field measurements, which has not been fulfilled by any other available methods or equipment.
Dysfunction of DMT1 and miR-135b in the gut-testis axis in high-fat diet male mice
Authors: Zhang Yanru , Ding Ruike , Zhang Yulin , Qi Jia , Cao Wenbin , Deng Lijun , Zhou Lin , Ye Yun , Xue Ying , Liu Enqi
Published: January 2024

Background

Obese patients have been found to be susceptible to iron deficiency, and malabsorption of dietary iron is the cause of obesity-related iron deficiency (ORID). Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin (FPN), are two transmembrane transporter proteins expressed in the duodenum that are closely associated with iron absorption. However, there have been few studies on the association between these two proteins and the increased susceptibility to iron deficiency in obese patients. Chronic inflammation is also thought to be a cause of obesity-related iron deficiency, and both conditions can have an impact on spermatogenesis and impair male reproductive function. Based on previous studies, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance through gametes was observed in obesity.

Results

Our results  showed that obese mice had decreased blood iron levels (p < 0.01), lower protein and mRNA expression for duodenal DMT1 (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant variation in mRNA expression for duodenal FPN (p > 0.05); there was an increase in sperm miR-135b expression (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics revealed ninety overlapping genes and further analysis showed that they were primarily responsible for epithelial cilium movement, fatty acid beta-oxidation, protein dephosphorylation, fertilization, and glutamine transport, which are closely related to spermatogenesis, sperm development, and sperm viability in mice.

Conclusions

In obese mice, we observed downregulation of DMT1 in the duodenum and upregulation of miR-135b in the spermatozoa.
The potential of microbiota information to better predict efficiency traits in growing pigs fed a conventional and a high-fiber diet
Authors: Déru Vanille , Tiezzi Francesco , Carillier-Jacquin Céline , Blanchet Benoit , Cauquil Laurent , Zemb Olivier , Bouquet Alban , Maltecca Christian , Gilbert Hélène
Published: January 2024

Background

Improving pigs’ ability to digest diets with an increased dietary fiber content is a lever to improve feed efficiency and limit feed costs in pig production. The aim of this study was to determine whether information on the gut microbiota and host genetics can contribute to predict digestive efficiency (DE, i.e. digestibility coefficients of energy, organic matter, and nitrogen), feed efficiency (FE, i.e. feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake), average daily gain, and daily feed intake phenotypes. Data were available for 1082 pigs fed a conventional or high-fiber diet. Fecal samples were collected at 16 weeks, and DE was estimated using near‑infrared spectrometry. A cross-validation approach was used to predict traits within the same diet, for the opposite diet, and for a combination of both diets, by implementing three models, i.e. with only genomic (Gen), only microbiota (Micro), and both genomic and microbiota information (Micro+Gen). The predictive ability with and without sharing common sires and breeding environment was also evaluated. Prediction accuracy of the phenotypes was calculated as the correlation between model prediction and phenotype adjusted for fixed effects.

Results

Prediction accuracies of the three models were low to moderate (< 0.47) for growth and FE traits and not significantly different between models. In contrast, for DE traits, prediction accuracies of model Gen were low (< 0.30) and those of models Micro and Micro+Gen were moderate to high (> 0.52). Prediction accuracies were not affected by the stratification of diets in the reference and validation sets and were in the same order of magnitude within the same diet, for the opposite diet, and for the combination of both diets. Prediction accuracies of the three models were significantly higher when pigs in the reference and validation populations shared common sires and breeding environment than when they did not (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The microbiota is a relevant source of information to predict DE regardless of the diet, but not to predict growth and FE traits for which prediction accuracies were similar to those obtained with genomic information only. Further analyses on larger datasets and more diverse diets should be carried out to complement and consolidate these results.
Identification and function analysis of GABA branch three gene families in the cotton related to abiotic stresses
Authors: Zheng Juyun , Zhang Zeliang , Zhang Nala , Liang Yajun , Gong Zhaolong , Wang Junhao , Ditta Allah , Sang Zhiwei , Wang Junduo , Li Xueyuan
Published: January 2024

γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) is closely related to the growth, development and stress resistance of plants. Combined with the previous study of GABA to promote the cotton against abiotic stresses, the characteristics and expression patterns of GABA branch gene family laid the foundation for further explaining its role in cotton stress mechanism. Members of GAD, GAB-T and SSADH (three gene families of GABA branch) were identified from the Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii genome. The GABA branch genes were 10 GAD genes, 4 GABA-T genes and 2 SSADH genes. The promoter sequences of genes mainly contains response-related elements such as light, hormone and environment.Phylogenetic analysis shows that GAD indicating that even in the same species, the homologous sequences in the family. The GABA-T gene of each cotton genus was in sum the family had gene loss in the process of dicotyledon evolution. SSADH families Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii were closely related to the dicot plants.GABA gene is involved in the regulation of salt stress and high temperature in Gossypium hirsutum.GABA attenuated part of the abiotic stress damage by increasing leaf protective enzyme activity and reducing reactive oxygen species production.This lays the foundation for a thorough analysis of the mechanism of GABA in cotton stress resistance.
Predictive value of soluble CD40L combined with APACHE II score in elderly patients with sepsis in the emergency department
Authors: Yang Long , Yang Jun , Zhang Xiangqun , Ye Xinghua , Liu Yugeng , Wei Bing , Wang Junyu
Published: January 2024

Background

The prognostic performance of soluble CD40L (sCD40L) for illness severity in infectious diseases is rarely reported. We investigated the ability of sCD40L combined with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score to evaluate mortality in septic patients in the emergency department(ED).

Methods

We enrolled 222 septic patients in the ED of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from October 2020 to April 2021. Their serum sCD40L, PCT, lactate (Lac), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score were used to predict the prognosis of septic patients in terms of 28-day mortality. Serum sCD40L was detected by Human XL Cytokine Luminex. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the prognostic value of the variables.

Results

One hundred ninety-five patients met the inclusion criteria, divided into survival group (55 cases) and non-survival group (140 cases). sCD40L, PCT, Lac, SOFA and APACHE II score were found to independently predict 28-day mortality (P < 0.05). The AUC values of sCD40L, PCT, Lac, SOFA and APACHE II score were 0.662,0.727,0.704, 0.719 and 0.716, respectively. There was no difference in the diagnostic value of sCD40L compared with the PCT, Lac, SOFA score or APACHE II score (Z1 = 1.19, P = 0.234; Z2 = 0.77, P = 0.441; Z3 = 1.05, P = 0.294; Z4 = 0.97, P = 0.332). However, the combined evaluation of sCD40L + APACHE II (AUC:0.772, Z = 2.10, P = 0.036) was much better than sCD40L alone in predicting 28-day mortality.

Conclusion

The predictive value of sCD40L + APACHE II is better than sCD40L alone for 28-day mortality. sCD40L combined with APACHE II score is valuable for predicting 28-day mortality in elderly patients with sepsis.
Multi-omics analysis reveals overactive inflammation and dysregulated metabolism in severe community-acquired pneumonia patients
Authors: Li Jieqiong , Wang Yawen , Zhao Weichao , Yang Tingyu , Zhang Qianyu , Yang Huqin , Li Xuyan , Tong Zhaohui
Published: January 2024

Background

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (S-CAP) is a public health threat, making it essential to identify novel biomarkers and investigate the underlying mechanisms of disease severity.

Methods

Here, we profiled host responses to S-CAP through proteomics analysis of plasma samples from a cohort of S-CAP patients, non-severe (NS)-CAP patients, diseases controls (DCs), and healthy controls (HCs). Then, typical differentially expressed proteins were then validated by ELISA in an independent cohort. Metabolomics analysis was further performed on both the cohort 1 and cohort 2. Then, the proteomic and metabolomic signatures were compared between the adult and child cohorts to explore the characteristics of severe pneumonia patients.

Results

There were clear differences between CAP patients and controls, as well as substantial differences between the S-CAP and NS-CAP. Pathway analysis of changes revealed excessive inflammation, suppressed immunity, and lipid metabolic disorders in S-CAP cases. Interestingly, comparing these signatures between the adult and child cohorts confirmed that overactive inflammation and dysregulated lipid metabolism were common features of S-CAP patients, independent of age. The change proportion of glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids were obviously different in the adult and child S-CAP cases.

Conclusion

The plasma multi-omics profiling revealed that excessive inflammation, suppressed humoral immunity, and disordered metabolism are involved in S-CAP pathogenesis.
Malignant pleural effusion: current understanding and therapeutic approach
Authors: Gonnelli Francesca , Hassan Wafa , Bonifazi Martina , Pinelli Valentina , Bedawi Eihab O , Porcel José M. , Rahman Najib M , Mei Federico
Published: January 2024

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication of thoracic and extrathoracic malignancies and is associated with high mortality and elevated costs to healthcare systems. Over the last decades the understanding of pathophysiology mechanisms, diagnostic techniques and optimal treatment intervention in MPE have been greatly advanced by recent high-quality research, leading to an ever less invasive diagnostic approach and more personalized management. Despite a number of management options, including talc pleurodesis, indwelling pleural catheters and combinations of the two, treatment for MPE remains symptom directed and centered around drainage strategy. In the next future, because of a better understanding of underlying tumor biology together with more sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques, it is likely that combined diagnostic and therapeutic procedures allowing near total outpatient management of MPE will become popular. This article provides a review of the current advances, new discoveries and future directions in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of MPE.
Correlates of normal and decreased HDL cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes: a cohort-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mohammadi Fatemeh , Yadegar Amirhossein , Rabizadeh Soghra , Ayati Aryan , Seyedi Seyed Arsalan , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr
Published: January 2024

Background

The literature describes an inverse association between the values of triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). This survey was designed to exhibit the features of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who display this inverse association and identify potential contributing factors to having normal HDL-C values.

Methods

A total of 6127 persons with T2D were assigned to the present survey. Demographic features and clinical status data were compared between subjects with a substantial inverse association of TG and HDL-C and those without. Logistic regressions were performed to ascertain the role of different factors related to normal HDL-C. Moreover, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) functions were conducted to scrutinize the underlying relationships between the studied variables and low HDL-C levels.

Results

Patients with high TG (150 ≤ TG < 400) compared to patients with normal TG (TG < 150) were less likely to have normal HDL-C. Younger age, narrow hip, lower levels of blood pressure, two-hour postprandial glucose (2hPP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobinA1C (HbA1C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, and non-HDL-C, higher atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and TG/HDL-C ratio correlate with an inverse connection between the values of HDL-C and TG (all P < 0.05). Age greater than 65 years (odds ratio (OR) 1.260, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.124-1.413) had a positive association, whereas female sex (OR 0.467, CI 0.416-0.523) , 25 kg/m2 < body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.786, CI 0.691-0.894), and higher serum creatinine levels (OR 0.481, CI 0.372-0.621) had an inverse association with having normal HDL-C.

Conclusions

Patients with an inverse connection between TG and HDL-C values had considerably different anthropometric features, lipid profiles, and glucose indices compared to those without this relationship. Furthermore, patients who aged less than 65 years, had female gender, BMI more than 25 kg/m2, and higher serum creatinine levels were less likely to exhibit normal HDL-C levels.
Asymmetric adhesive SIS-based wound dressings for therapeutically targeting wound repair
Authors: Yao Wende , Song Zelong , Ma Xiaodong , Huang Yiqian , Zhang Xueying , Li Yunhuan , Wei Pengfei , Zhang Julei , Xiong Chenlu , Yang Sihan , Xu Yujian , Jing Wei , Zhao Bo , Zhang Xuesong , Han Yan
Published: January 2024

Severe tissue injuries pose a significant risk to human health. Conventional wound dressings fall short in achieving effective tissue regeneration, resulting in suboptimal postoperative healing outcomes. In this study, an asymmetric adhesive wound dressing (marked as SIS/PAA/LAP) was developed, originating from acrylate acid (AA) solution with laponite (LAP) nanoparticles polymerization and photo-crosslinked on the decellularized extracellular matrix small intestinal submucosa (SIS) patch. Extensive studies demonstrated that the SIS/PAA/LAP exhibited higher tissue adhesion strength (~ 33 kPa) and burst strength (~ 22 kPa) compared to conventional wound dressings like Tegaderm and tissue adhesive products. Importantly, it maintained favorable cell viability and demonstrated robust angiogenic capacity. In animal models of full-thickness skin injuries in rats and skin injuries in Bama miniature pigs, the SIS/PAA/LAP could be precisely applied to wound sites. By accelerating the formation of tissue vascularization, it displayed superior tissue repair outcomes. This asymmetrically adhesive SIS-based patch would hold promising applications in the field of wound dressings.