bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytomorphological study of Benign breast lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   MBBS, MD Pathology, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences, Gadag, Karnataka, India, Alexander Dr. Manika , Pattanashetti Dr. Mallikarjun. A. ,   MBBS, MD Pathology, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences, Gadag, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Background: Benign breast disease is one of the most common breast lesions in the reproductiveage group. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the preliminary tests done to detectbreast lesions which help in early detection and management. Studying the cytology features ofvarious benign breast diseases was the aim of this study. Methods: This study is a cross-sectionalretrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology from 2015 to 2020. Clinical detailsand cytology features were collected from the Department records. Results: A total of 430 caseswere collected during the study period. Age groups ranged from 16-40 years. All the cases werefemales. The spectrum of lesions was composed of fibroadenoma, fibrocystic change, breastabscess, fibroadenosis, granulomatous mastitis, etc. Conclusions: Breast lumps are a commoncause of anxiety and apprehension among patients. FNAC helps in rapid diagnosis and earlymanagement of lesions. It also helps in preventing unnecessary invasive surgeries in non-neoplasticand benign breast diseases.
The Spectrum of Malignant Breast lesions by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Teaching Hospital
Authors:   MBBS, MD Pathology, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences, Gadag, Karnataka, India, Pattanashetti Dr. Mallikarjun. A. , Alexander Dr. Manika ,   MBBS, MD Pathology, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences, Gadag, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the preliminary tests done to detectmalignant breast lesions, which help in early detection and management. Studying the cytologyfeatures of various malignant breast diseases was the aim of this study. Methods: This study is across-sectional retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology from 2015 to 2020.Clinical details and cytology features were collected from the Department records. Results: A totalof 75 cases were collected during the study period. All the cases were females. The spectrum oflesions was composed of Ductal carcinoma followed by one point each of Mucinous carcinoma,Malignant Phyllodes tumour and Lobular Carcinoma. Conclusions: FNAC helps in rapid diagnosisand early management of malignant breast lesions.
The Sonderkommando photographs: a possibility for reconciled commemoration of a sublime historical event
Authors: Ramos Mollá Paula
Published: September 2021

In this paper I consider the four images from Auschwitz analyzed by Didi-Huberman in Images in spite of all —the so-called Sonderkommando photographs— through the lens of the “historical sublime” as proposed by historian Eelco Runia. From this standpoint, these photographs are taken as an example of a possible reconciled aesthetic experience with an “unimaginable” past that horrifies us. Moreover, I argue that aesthetic depictions are able to champion a model of historical commemoration which makes these events imaginable again. In order to show this, I will first employ the concept of the “sublime historical event” which Runia proposes to interpret the Holocaust’s historical catastrophe. Runia’s “historical sublime” provides a framework to understand the process of becoming what “we are no longer” through the invention of new identities that defy our former ones and explain historical discontinuities. Secondly, I will proceed to a reading of the Sonderkommando photographs by applying Runia’s notion of commemoration to the viewer’s aesthetic experience of these images. Moreover, I will finally suggest the possibility of a reconciliation with our former identities, those who committed sublime historical acts with which we no longer identify, thanks to this aestheticized experience of commemoration.
Effect of varying dietary crude protein and metabolizable energy levels on leg abnormalities and performance in broiler chickens
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortega Leodan T , Rodríguez-Ortega Alejandro , Mera-Zuñiga Fredy , Pro-Martínez Arturo , Hernández-Guzmán Filogonio J , Sosa-Montes Eliseo , González-Cerón Fernando , Leyva-Jimenez Hector
Published: September 2021

Background: Nutrient restriction is a common strategy to prevent metabolic disorders in fast growing broiler chickens, but limited information is available regarding the impact of diets with low protein and energy on leg abnormalities. Objective: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of varying crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) levels on gastrocnemius tendon (GTeBS) and tibia breaking strength (TiBS), gait score (GS) and valgus/varus angulation (VAng). Methods: In Experiment 1, eight-d-old Ross 308 broilers (n=90) were randomly assigned into three treatments: 13/2,900 (13% CP and 2,900 kcal ME kg-1 of diet), 17/3,000 (17% CP and 3,000 kcal ME kg-1 of diet), and 21/3,025 or control (21% CP and 3,025 kcal ME kg-1 of diet). In Experiment 2, six-d-old Ross 308 chickens (n=192) were randomly distributed into two treatments: 16/3,000; 16% CP and 3,000 kcal ME kg-1 of diet and 21/3,000 or control; 21% CP and 3,000 kcal ME kg-1 of diet. In both experiments data were analyzed as one-way ANOVA. Results: In Experiment 1, broilers in the 17/3,000 and control treatments had similar (p>0.05) GTeBS (202 and 224 N, respectively), and TiBS (338 and 332 N, respectively). Birds in the 13/2,900 treatment showed higher GS (lower walking ability; 80% of birds with score >3), and greater VAng (53% of birds with score >2) than broilers in the control treatment (0% of birds with GS score >3 and 0% of birds with VAng score >2). Experiment 2, broilers in the 16/3,000 showed similar VAng, GS and TiBS than birds in the control treatment. However, birds in the 16/3,000 treatment showed lower (-26%) GTeBS than birds in the control treatment (p<0.05). Conclusions: Feeding broilers with 16% CP and 3,000 kcal ME kg-1 of diet did not affect tibia breaking strength, gait score and valgus/varus angulation. A diet containing 16% CP or less and 2,900-3,000 kcal ME kg-1 reduces tendon and tibia breaking strength.
RELACIÓN ENTRE TRASTORNO DE CONDUCTA ALIMENTICIA Y ESTILO DE CRIANZA. PERSPECTIVA DE UN GRUPO DE ADULTOS JÓVENES DE LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLÍN
Authors: Arroyave-Pérez Santiago , Gañán-Moreno Anderson , Vásquez-Ochoa Andrés Miguel
Published: September 2021

Se describe la perspectiva de un grupo de adultos jóvenes de la ciudad de Medellín sobre la relación de su trastorno de conducta alimenticia con el estilo de crianza que recibieron. Inicialmente, se plantea la influencia de diversos factores, desde el contexto social y familiar, en el proceso tanto de la crianza como de desarrollo de un TCA. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con diseño descriptivo-transversal, para la cual se construyó una entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a cuatro adultos jóvenes de la ciudad de Medellín. Se encontró que los factores familiares y de crianza, junto con falencias en la comunicación y en el afecto, y el nivel de exigencia por parte de los padres, conlleva dificultades en la relación familiar y, a su vez, en el desarrollo de la autopercepción del sujeto. Las participantes son conscientes del trastorno y sus motivaciones, sin embargo, en su mayoría prefieren afrontarlo sin el apoyo familiar, dejando excluidos a los padres de los tratamientos. Por último, se plantea que existen diferentes factores sociales e interpersonales que contribuyen al desarrollo de un TCA; las participantes afirmaron que la crianza, la familia y el círculo social eran claves en este proceso.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE METHOD OF ADAPTIVE SELF-DIAGNOSIS ON THE PROCESS OF PREVENTING THE CONSEQUENCES OF MODULE FAILURES ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Sobchuk V.V. , Barabash O.V. , Musienko A.P.
Published: September 2021

The study continues the properties of functional stability. Functional stability means the property of an information system to maintain its functioning, possibly with a decrease in quality, for a specified time under the influence of external and internal destabilizing factors. External and internal destabilizing factors are failures, failures of system modules, mechanical damage, thermal effects, errors of service personnel. The main stages of ensuring functional stability are the detection of the module that failed in the control, diagnosing the module that failed and the restoration of the information system of the enterprise. The peculiarity of enterprise information systems is that they must function autonomously. With their help, the systems can increase the productivity of all production centers while reducing the number of people employed in production and significantly reducing the share of manual labor. The paper investigates how, based on the functional dependence of failure probability on a certain probability value at different values, the probability of control error of the second kind can determine the recommended interval of the result, which will provide, given the intensity of readiness control allowable failure probability. It is illustrated how at a given intensity of the result it is possible to determine such an intensity of readiness control at which the probability of skipping will not exceed the maximum allowable value. It is shown that we can talk about the weak dependence of the probability of skipping on the control error of the second kind, which means that the achievement of a given control reliability is based on the intensity of readiness control and less depends on the reliability of individual basic checks. For the case when in the intervals between the issuance of the result the system checks the readiness of the modules is randomly described the method of calculating the probability of skipping.
ON THE QUESTION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF SOFTWARE WEB SYSTEMS BY DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Authors: Shynkaruk O.M. , Miroshnichenko O.V. , Yashyna O.M.
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of research on existing tools and the definition of theoretical aspects of the use of modern frameworks for software development, as well as justification of the feasibility and impact of variability of choice on the quality of software applications. The main results of the study are the rationale for the choice of frameworks for software development. It should be noted that despite the large number of frameworks, the structured analysis is carried out by a rather small number of researchers, which determines the scientific novelty of this issue. Choosing the right framework is one of the main principles that determine the quality of the future site. Each of the technologies presented in this article can be considered exhaustive in all respects because they are used both in the practice of converting to a graphical interface (frontend) and to develop a variant of software architecture (backend). Therefore, you should choose a platform according to the convenience of programming languages.

So Agile is best suited for open-ended projects, such as launching Internet services, developing computer games, and operating systems. However, flexibility can lead to loss of focus and loss of predictability. It is very important to separate the errors of the flexible approach from the shortcomings of the methodology itself. It will take some time to adapt to the realities of specific tasks before all the benefits of the approach are realized. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using certain frameworks in accordance with the needs of the customer and the developer to achieve certain results in software development.
First Evidence of Pleistocene Archaeology on the Neyshabur Plain and its Role in Reconstructing the Dispersal of Hominins on the Northeastern Iranian Plateau
Authors:   The Ronin Institute, Sadraei A. , Garazhian O. ,   Independent Researcher, Sabori H. ,   Art University of Isfahan
Published: September 2021

Северо-восточная часть Иранского нагорья имеет важное значение для изучения палеолита. Археологические изыскания в этом регионе ведутся с середины XX в. Однако в отличие от западной и в некоторой степени центральной части Иранского нагорья на северо-востоке пока было найдено лишь несколько стоянок. Полевые исследования на Нишапурской равнине предоставили палеолитические материалы с четырех местонахождений у подножия хребта Биналуд: Дарбехешт, Мушан-Тапех, Али-Абад и Гхезел-Тапех. В статье дана оценка этих материалов. Пересмотрена типология артефактов эпохи плейстоцена с Нишапурской равнины. Рассмотрено значение этих и других находок из данного региона для реконструкции расселения плейстоценовых популяций гоминин. Сделан вывод о том, что два коридора в северо-восточной части Иранского нагорья сыграли основную роль в распространении предков человека.
Materials from Dwelling 2 on Suchu Island, the Lower Amur (1977 Season, Excavation III)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Medvedev V. E. , Filatova I. V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Amur State University for Humanities and Pedagogy
Published: September 2021

Этой работой завершается публикация в журнале цикла статей, посвященных результатам исследований в 1970-х гг. одного из наиболее крупных памятников неолита на северо-востоке Азии — поселения на о-ве Сучу в Приамурье. Полученный при раскопках разнообразный материал (каменный инвентарь, керамика, украшения, предметы искусства, культа) почти полностью ранее не был опубликован. Коллекция (3 967 экз.) хранится в фондах ИАЭТ СО РАН. В статье представлены итоговые данные комплексного изучения материалов жилища 2 (раскоп III, 1977 г.). Выявлены конструктивные особенности жилища типа полуземлянки округлой в плане формы. Дана морфотипологическая характеристика каменного инвентаря, указывающая на комплексный характер хозяйства обитателей этого жилища. Выявлено много орудий, связанных с добычей (наконечники стрел и дротиков, вкладыши, ножи, грузила) и обработкой (скребки, скребла, проколки, комбинированные орудия) продуктов промыслов, а также рубящих орудий. Отличительной особенностью каменного инвентаря является наличие бифасиальных изделий. Культурно-хронологический анализ керамического комплекса позволил установить его принадлежность носителям поздненеолитической вознесеновской культуры. С помощью бинокулярного микроскопа определены основные технологические и конструктивные характеристики керамики. Выявлены также ее морфологические, декоративные и функциональные признаки. Реалии неутилитарного назначения определенно отражают элементы духовно-интеллектуальной сферы обитателей рассматриваемого жилища. Полученный вещественный материал позволяет датировать его серединой II тыс. до н.э.
Results of Radiocarbon Dating of Early Burials in the Firsovo Archaeological Area, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
Authors:   Altai State University, Kiryushin K. Y. , Kiryushin Y. F. ,   Altai State University, Solodovnikov K. N. ,   Institute of Northern Development, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolov Y. V. ,   Altai State University, Schmidt A. V. ,   Museum of Nature and Man, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: September 2021

В Фирсовском археологическом микрорайоне особый интерес вызывает группа ранних погребений грунтовых могильников Новоалтайск-Развилка, Фирсово XI и XIV Для них получено в разных лабораториях девять радиоуглеродных дат, две — жидкостно-сцинтилляционным методом (LSC), семь — с использованием ускорительной масс-спектрометрии (AMS). Для определения календарного возраста проведена их калибровка с помощью компьютерной программы OxCal версии 3.10. Результаты радиоуглеродного датирования погребений большемысской энеолитической культуры Новоалтайск-Развилка и Тузовские Бугры-1 (мог. 7) подтверждают предложенную ранее датировку (рубеж IV-III тыс. до н.э.) этой культуры. В составе неолитических могильников Алтая выделена группа погребений, отличающихся от общего массива особенностями погребального обряда (на боку в скорченном положении). С помощью метода AMS они датированы концом V — началом IV тыс. до н.э. Сделан вывод о том, что погребения, составляющие «культурное ядро» могильника Фирсово XI, относятся к раннему неолиту. Их календарный возраст укладывается в интервал 5710-5460 гг. до н.э. по 1а, 5740-5360 гг. до н.э. по 2а. Выдвинуто предположение, что полученная для погр. 18 Фирсова XI дата 9 106 ± 80 л.н. (GV-02889) не случайна и оно относится к финальному мезолиту или раннему неолиту. Хронологическая и обрядовая специфика данного погребения (захоронение в сидячем положении и обильная посыпка охрой) сопровождается антропологическими отличиями (очень большими тотальными размерами черепа захороненного мужчины).
A Mortuary Complex with Animal Skulls at Khankarinsky Dol, a Scythian Age Cemetery in the Northwestern Altai
Authors:   Altai State University, Dashkovskiy P. K.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена результатам комплексного изучения материалов из кург. 34 могильника Ханкаринский Дол, расположенного на левом берегу р. Ини в 1,0-1,5 км к юго-востоку от с. Чинета Краснощековского р-на Алтайского края. В процессе раскопок было выявлено погребение человека в каменном ящике, захороненного в вытянутом положении на спине, головой на восток. За восточной стенкой каменного ящика обнаружены череп лошади и три черепа овец. Выявленные особенности погребального обряда позволяют отнести данный объект к т.н. коргантасскому типу погребений, который зафиксирован при исследовании могильников Саяно-Алтая, Казахстана и имеет аналогии в памятниках Северного Китая. В статье подробно анализируются основные категории инвентаря, в т.ч. элементы конского снаряжения. На основе полученных данных представлена реконструкция узды лошади. По результатам изучения артефактов и радиоуглеродного анализа курган датирован V-IV вв. до н.э. (возможно, вторая половина V — начало IV в. до н.э.). Появление погребений коргантасского типа в Горном Алтае, в т.ч. на могильнике Ханкаринский Дол, связано с проникновением группы населения из восточного ареала кочевого мира, вероятно из Северного Китая — Забайкалья.
Scarab Amulet-Beads from 1st–2nd Century Children’s Burials at a Necropolis on the Iluraton Plateau, Eastern Crimea
Authors:   Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tarasenko M. O. , Khanutina Z. V. ,   State Museum of the History of Religion, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается группа египетских фаянсовых скарабеев, обнаруженных в ходе археологических исследований некрополя Илурата (Восточный Крым) экспедицией Государственного музея истории религии (Санкт-Петербург) в 1987-1990 гг. В восьми из 62 погребений были найдены изделия из т.н. египетского фаянса. Они являлись частью погребального инвентаря детских захоронений (девочек в возрасте до 1,5 лет), которые датируются I — началом II в. н.э. Установлено, что самой многочисленной группой среди обнаруженных фаянсовых предметов были пронизи в виде скарабея. Проведенный анализ показал, что по особенностям оформления их можно разделить на три группы: без изображений на оборотной стороне (3 экз.), с абстрактными (3 экз.) и антропо-зооморфными (2 экз.) изображениями. В двух случаях фаянсовые амулеты имеют изображения, которые позволяют надежно связать их с египетскими производственными центрами. Исследование продемонстрировало, что пронизи-скарабеи из женских и детских сарматских погребений римского времени продолжают линию развития танатологических представлений, возникшую уже в среде скифо-сакских племен Евразии в середине I тыс. до н.э.
Hunting Equipment of Russians Living near Tara on the Irtysh in the 17th and 18th Centuries
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tataurova L. V. , Mylnikov V. P. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования орудий охоты и промысла, обнаруженных при раскопках поселений Ананьино I, Изюк I, г. Тара, Бергамакского острога в Тарском Прииртышье. Особенности изготовления изделий определяются на основе аналогов из археологических объектов в Барабинской лесостепи, комплексов аборигенного населения Тарского Прииртышья, Албазинского и Саянского острогов, погребения сяньбийско-жужаньского времени в Горном Алтае. Для получения информации о разнообразии орудий охотничьего промысла, характерных для XVII-XVIII вв., привлечены коллекции Мангазеи, Алазейского и Стадухинского острогов, которые в силу специфики культурных слоев можно считать эталонными для обозначенного периода. Проведен сравнительно-типологический анализ многочисленных археологических артефактов. Приводятся данные технико-технологических исследований отдельных предметов, изготовленных из дерева и металла. Полученные результаты позволяют рассмотреть археологический материал из русских памятников Тарского Прииртышья XVII-XVIII вв. в системе вещевых комплексов вооружения и охотничье-промыслового инвентаря аборигенного населения Сибири позднего Средневековья и Нового времени, проследить его генетические связи с подобными предметными сериями Древней Руси и Русского государства XV-XVII вв.
The Ratio of Indigenous to Immigrant Populations in the Western Steppe During the Bronze Age (Based on Cranial Data)
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazarnitsky A. A. ,   Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

В статье приведены результаты анализа краниометрических данных ок. 730 мужских черепов из погребений носителей степных и лесостепных культур (преимущественно ямной, катакомбной, полтавкинской, бабинской, лолинской и срубной) эпохи бронзы Восточной Европы. Межгрупповое сравнение проводится в основном с помощью вычисления квадратов расстояний Махаланобиса и многомерного неметрического шкалирования. Проведен анализ соотношения местных и пришлых популяций в составе населения четырех хронологических периодов: ранней бронзы, средней бронзы, рубежа средней и поздней бронзы, поздней бронзы. Обсуждается вопрос о популяционном разнообразии носителей ямной культуры: различия между ее региональными выборками черепов сопоставимы с таковыми между краниологическими выборками современного населения, проживающего на обширных территориях Восточной Европы от Карелии до Северного Кавказа. Отмечено значительное влияние субстратных групп на формирование населения ранней и средней бронзы. Популяционная преемственность на рубеже средней и поздней бронзы в период сложения посткатакомбных культур, напротив, почти отсутствует. Однако черты местных жителей эпохи средней бронзы снова обнаруживаются в краниологических выборках завершающего этапа бронзового века — среди носителей срубной культуры. В их краниологической характеристике сочетаются признаки катакомбных и посткатакомбных групп населения. Предполагается, что причинами исчезновения и появления одних и тех же популяций могли быть либо «маятниковые миграции», либо периодический отказ жителей эпохи бронзы от подкурганного захоронения умерших в пользу «невидимых» грунтовых могильников.
Cranial Traumas in a Sample from the Pucara de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina)
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Zubova A. V. , Ananyeva N. I. ,   Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology,   Saint Petersburg State University, Stulov I. K. ,   Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Dmitrenko L. M. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Andreev E. V. ,   Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена анализу травм черепа в краниологической серии из крепости Пукара-де-Тилкара, относящейся ко времени завоевания региона инками. Анализ распределения маркеров насилия на изученных черепах при помощи визуального обследования и компьютерной томографии, сопоставление полученных результатов с сериями периода регионального развития долины Кебрада-де-Умауака позволяют говорить о том, что, хотя общий уровень насилия в обществе остался высоким, его характер мог измениться с приходом инков. В серии на женских черепах выявлены только две присмертные травмы, отсутствуют черепа-трофеи и повышена относительно более ранних выборок частота переломов носовых косточек. Это является свидетельством уменьшения числа вооруженных межплеменных столкновений, связанных с необходимостью установления контроля над ресурсами, и повышения роли индивидуальных случаев межперсонального насилия. Наблюдаемая динамика позволяет говорить о том, что приход инков в регион Кебрада-де-Умауака снизил политическую напряженность, поскольку они установили единый контроль над торговыми путями и распределением плодородных участков земли, являвшимися до этого основной причиной локальных вооруженных конфликтов. Также было проанализировано влияние искусственной деформации черепа на патологический и травматический статус индивидов. В серии зафиксировано два вида деформации — лобно-затылочные табулярные косая и прямая. Ни одна из них не привела к формированию патологических изменений и уменьшению толщины костей черепа.
Efficacy of immunological antivirus therapy for papillomavirus-associated grade I cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Vinogradova Ol’ga P. , Andreeva Natal’ya A. , Epifanova Ol’ga V. , Artemova Ol’ga I.
Published: September 2021

AIM: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of alloferon in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical neoplasia (grade I) based on the analysis of the cytokine profile in cervical mucus as well as markers of apoptosis in cervical epithelial cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 98 women, including 55 women of reproductive age with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) associated with HPV infection and 43 conditionally healthy women without HPV infection. Factors of cytokine response and markers of apoptosis under normal and pathology conditions were assessed and compared.
RESULTS: The imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, in favor of the latter, is an important factor that supports the persistence of HPV-associated grade I CIN. Reducing caspase-3 and caspase-9, increasing interleukin-18, and subsequent activation of interferon gamma against the background of alloferon use are favorable signs of substantial elimination of the HPV.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show considerable elimination of HPV in patients with grade I CIN when using immunological antivirus therapy.
The Seismic Research Observatory
Authors: Peterson Jon , Butler Howell M. , Holcomb L. Gary , Hutt Charles R.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Thirteen advanced seismograph systems, called Seismic Research Observatories (SRO), are being installed as part of a program to upgrade the worldwide seismic data network. The SRO system was created by combining a recently developed broad-band borehole seismometer and a software-controlled recording system. The seismometers are being installed at a depth of 100 meters to avoid wind-generated noise in the long-period band. A seismometer output that is flat in acceleration between periods of 1 and 50 sec is used to produce both short- and long-period data that are recorded on analog drum recorders and in digital form on magnetic tape. Very-long-period data, obtained from the seismometer mass position output, can be recorded as well. Digital recording of gain-ranged data provides an amplitude of nearly 120 dB. Preliminary evaluation of the SRO data system indicates that major design objectives have been met. The network of SRO stations will be an important new data resource for seismological investigations, especially for those studies that require computer processing of the data.
Peculiarities of the Semantic Component of Communication Activities in Preschoolers with Developmental Delay
Authors: Omelchenko Iryna
Published: September 2021

The article examines the peculiarities of the semantic component of communication activity of preschoolers with developmental delay. We have determined that an emotional attitude to an interlocutor introduced into communicative actions, together with the understood meanings of created messages, means transition to the semantic level of communication. We have theoretically and experimentally substantiated that this semantic level presupposes that an interacting subject is able to express emotional attitudes towards partners, to interpret and understand their mental states, which contribute to an understanding of any event or socio-communicative situation. To study the semantic level (component) of communication activities, we examined implicit and explicit mentalization. Implicit mentalization included the respondents’ assessment of the mental properties of objects proposed as partners; recognition by them of emotions and mental causes of these emotions in socio-communicative situations. Explicit mentalization means the respondents’ ability to understand causes of behaviour based on knowledge of people’s mental states, the ability to predict other people’s behaviour based on knowledge of their own and others’ mental states, the ability to understand the moral and ethical aspects of the Other’s behaviour. We have determined experimentally that children with the mentally deficient type of communication activity are characterized by difficulties in communicative prediction, misunderstanding of the causes of behaviour, low level of implicit and explicit mentalization. Hence, these children often get into conflict situations due to misconceptions about the results of their own actions or the actions of others. The identified patterns of implicit and explicit mentalization will be the basis for the technology forming communicative activity, in particular its semantic component in preschoolers with developmental delay.
The Ethics of Child Resocialization in Uwineza G. Sabano’s “Family Conflict”: From the Urgent Need for Exorcisms to the Imperative of Behavior Renewal
Authors: Onana Pierre Suzanne Eyenga
Published: September 2021

Uwineza G. Sabano in Family Conflict presents scenarios of stormy family relationships between parents and adult children around various issues. How does the adult deploy his or her experiential know-how in order to exorcise the behavioural imposture and, in so doing, bring about an alternative way of life, the main thrust of which is ethics in behaviour? Anne Ubersfeld’s and Patrice Pavis’ theatrical semiotics and semiology guide this reflection, which is divided into three parts. At the end of the analysis, it emerges that in order to better evolve in his or her life, the child needs constant family supervision.
With the Family, Good Not Only in the Picture? About the Polish Attitude Towards the Family in the Opinion of the Surveyed Poles and Slovenes
Authors: Wacławek Maria , Wtorkowska Maria
Published: September 2021

This article discusses attitudes towards the family – one of the distinct semantic categories forming the linguo-cultural stereotype of a Pole, which we have reconstructed on the basis of questionnaire data. The methodology used is that of the linguistic image of the world, which includes stereotypes. The linguistic data was divided into sections: 1) type of relationship; 2) starting a family; family size and members; 3) other. The reconstructed model confirms that Poles have a very positive attitude to the family – as seen from their own, as well as a foreign (Slovenian) perspective. Poles form close family bonds, which is demonstrated by their strong attachment to tradition and family.
What Impact does Internet of Things have on Project Management in Project based Firms?
Authors: Vadlamudi Siddhartha
Published: September 2021

The highest benefit of IT spans through the enabling of personnel to attain their organizational goals. However, acquiring the IT skills that were not aware of in the past will boost and enhance the personnel for greater performance. IoT technology gives understanding from novel data generated and gives solutions. Therefore, allowing organizations to access new strategies via technological innovation will bring about efficiency and productivity with the project lifecycle. However, this project aimed at assessing the impact of IoT on PM in project-based organizations. A qualitative method of investigation was adopted through interviews and discussions with 9 selected respondents. The result shows the benefit and the usefulness of IoT in project-based organizations. This was assessed using the five project management model namely initiating, planning, executing, control and monitoring, and closing. It is established that the impact of IoT can be seen using any of the five stages. Hence, this study identifies the most critical elements of any project-based organization to include people, possessing on personnel and how their impact the invention of project-based organizations.
Identifying the risk factors of antepartum haemorrhage and to evaluate the feto maternal outcome in antepartum haemorrhage cases
Authors: Singh Reeta , Aditya Vani , Agarwal Sakshi , Maurya Garima , Kumari Ankita , Sharma Neela Rai
Published: September 2021

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage is an obstetric emergency contributing to a significant percentage of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 30% of maternal deaths are caused by ante-partum haemorrhage. In spite of a lot of improvement in antenatal care and intrapartum surveillance, antepar-tum haemorrhage has not reduced. Present study was conducted to assess the causes of APH and to compare the fetomaternal outcome among placenta previa and abruptio placenta group.Methods: The study was conducted in BRD medical college Gorakhpur, over a period of 1 year (October 2019 to September 2020) in which 100 cases of APH were taken and classified into placenta previa and abruptio placenta group and their fetomaternal outcome were compared.Results: In our study, out of 100 cases of APH 69% cases were of placenta previa followed by abruptio placen-ta in 29% cases and rest 2% cases were unclassified APH. Multigravida is the major risk factor in both placenta previa and abruptio placenta group. Second major risk factor in placenta previa group was h/o LSCS and in abruptio placenta group was HDP. Stillbirth was significantly seen in abruptio placenta group whereas Low birth weight babies (1.5-2.5 kg) were more in placenta previa group. Though the maternal outcome is poor in placenta previa group but the fetal outcome is worse in abruptio placenta group.Conclusions: APH neither can be reliably predicted nor can be prevented but only a comprehensive focused experienced team work can reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Dydrogesterone usage pattern in India: a knowledge, attitude and practice survey among Indian gynaecologists
Authors: Khanna Geeta , Dabade Madhuri , Dutta Sajal , Deshpande Nitin , Mane Girish , Shah Chetna , Deshmukh Girish
Published: September 2021

Background: There is limited data about the knowledge, perception, and routine clinical usage pattern of dydrogesterone among medical practitioners in India. Therefore, the present survey was undertaken to assess attitudes and perception/practices of obstetrician and gynaecologists towards use of dydrogesterone in the real-life setting.Methods: Total 1168 gynaecologists across India participated in the KAP survey. Sixteen questions which explored indications, dosages, duration, efficacy, tolerability and comparison were asked and results were expressed as percentages.Results: Dydrogesterone has been marketed since the 1960s and has been extensively used worldwide for the treatment of threatened miscarriage (TM) and recurrent miscarriage (RM). Dydrogesterone is approved for hormone replacement therapy (HRT), as well as pregnancy and non-pregnancy-related conditions where there is a progesterone deficiency. In the present survey, dydrogesterone 10 mg twice daily was found to be the most commonly preferred dosage by 823 (73%) gynaecologists. Poor tolerability, compliance and lower efficacy were reported as major limitations of micronized progesterone by 68% of doctors. The average clinical pregnancy rate noted at 12 weeks after Dydrogesterone usage was around 40% by majority of the doctors. However, 30% of doctors noted more than 40% of clinical pregnancy rate after dydrogesterone usage. Almost 35% of doctors reported that the average live birth rate noticed after dydrogesterone usage is around 40%.Conclusions: The present KAP survey highlights that the effectiveness and the tolerability of dydrogesterone is valued by Indian gynaecologists which accounts for its robust clinical utility.
Maternal and neonatal outcome after the use of low dose sublingual 25 µg misoprostol for labour induction in women with term pregnancy
Authors: Gajraj Sumitra , Kapur Anupam
Published: September 2021

Background: Aim of this study was to assess the maternal and fetal/neonatal outcome after the use of low dose (25 µg) misoprostol for labour induction in women with term pregnancy (gestational age >37 weeks POG) with a live foetus.Methods: The prospective interventional study was designed at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of a tertiary health care hospital, with a sample size of 150 pregnant ladies who had to undergo induction of labour, were selected depending on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analysed using SPSS 18. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data. Qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentage.Results: About 41% (61 patients) of the total study population was in the age group of 26 to 30 years with only two patients aged >35 years of age. The study group comprised of 88 primigravida (59%) and 62 multigravida (41%). The most common indication for induction of labour in my study was post-dated pregnancy (47%) followed by PROM (22%).Conclusions: The use of low dose (25 µg) misoprostol sublingually is definitely very effective in cervical ripening and induction of labour in term pregnancies particularly in those with poor Bishops score. There was no significant neonatal or maternal morbidity associated with induction of labour with low dose sublingual misoprotol.
Relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight in urban poor community in and around Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Tiwari Pushpa
Published: September 2021

Background: Anemia is a major health issue affecting both developing and developed countries worldwide. In the developing countries, poverty, gender bias and lack of education about the importance of a balanced and iron-rich diet contribute to anemia. According to WHO anemia is present when the hemoglobin percentage is less than 11 gm per dl during pregnancy. The birth weight of an infant is the most important determinant of its chance of survival health growth and development. The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is higher in Asia than elsewhere. Low birth weight is a major determinant of mortality, morbidity and disability in infancy and childhood and has a long term impact on health outcomes in adult life. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration with neonatal birth weight.Methods: This was a descriptive study. Details were collected from ante-natal records of women, attending 10 numbers of Maternal and Child health clinics run by Tata Steel Family Initiatives Foundation for urban poor community in and around Jamshedpur. This study was done over a period of 7 months from May 2018 to November 2018. Data was collected retrospectively after women had delivered. A sample size of 511 women was taken as a part of the survey.Results: Analysis of the data shows that anemia was associated with a significantly increase risk of low birth weight (<2500 gm). In our study it was found that Hb level in 3rd trimester had more impact on birth weight than in 1st trimester.Conclusions: Maternal anemia was significantly associated with effect on birth weight. Effort should be directed towards awareness of women regarding prevention of anemia so that their pre pregnancy hemoglobin level is normal and babies born are of normal birth weight.
Feto-maternal outcome in previous one cesarean section: a retrospective observational study at a district hospital of Jharkhand
Authors: Sharma Tanu , Singh Suchita
Published: September 2021

Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgery done in department of obstetrics and gynecology. It becomes more complicated in cases of high risk pregnancy like PIH, APH etc. Its rate is increasing day by day. Once a CS, always a CS, is questionable but being followed up at various set up due to various reasons. Today, one of the important indications of repeat CS is previous CS which increases the rate of CS in a particular set up and morbidities associated with multiple CS. According to ACOG guidelines, VBAC should be attempted to decrease the incidence of repeat CS and morbidity among them. This study was conducted to analyze the incidence of subsequent CS in previous one CS cases, demographic variables and feto-maternal outcome in previous CS patients.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study on previous CS patients, carried out in District hospital, Dumka, Jharkhand. The rates, demography and feto-maternal outcome among previous one CS patients were studied during 1 year duration and data was obtained from labor room and medical record department.Results: Out of 2947 deliveries, 63 patients had previous one cesarean section, the incidence being 2.13%. 39.7% deliver vaginally while 60.3% needed repeat cesarean section. Majority (95.2%) were in 21-30yrs age group, 76.2% were unbooked and 25.4% were tribal population. Maximum (79.4%) were gravid 2 and 93.7% were term. 93.7% had birth space >18 months. Out of 38 repeat cesarean section, 78.9% underwent emergency cesarean section. The most common indication being scar tenderness (39.5%) followed by CPD (15.8%). Intraoperatively, severe adhesions found in 15.8% cases, bladder adherence in 18.4% cases and 2.6% had adherent placenta. PPH occurred in 4.8% cases and blood transfusion or injectable iron therapy required in 25.4% cases. 4.7% had wound infection, 7.9% had prolong hospital stay and 22.2% cases required prolong foley’s catheterization. There was no maternal mortality. 95% babies born alive, 3.2% was stillbirth, 1.5% was IUD and the neonatal death rate was 3.2%.Conclusions: Previous cesarean section is one of the most important causes of CS in subsequent pregnancies, hence increase in the rates of CS and the morbidities associated with multiple CS among mothers. Thus the decision of CS in primigravida should be taken wisely and practice of CS on demand should be discouraged.
The effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation and high intensity training on depression and quality of life in college students with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: K. Radhika P. , Rajandekar Tejal , Soundarya B.
Published: September 2021

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common hyper androgenic endocrine disorder affecting women of fertile age. This appears to have affects over the psychological aspects and health related quality of life of college students over a period of time. Leading to negative body imaging concern which causes loss of concentration in studies and interest in college activities.Methods: This was an experimental prospective study carried out with subjects diagnosed with PCOS aged 18-30 years. Self-administered PCOSQ and BDI questionnaire were used to evaluate the health related quality of life and depression. After the data collected from the questionnaire subjects received PMR and HIT for a duration of 6 days a week for 12 weeks’ convenient sampling main outcome variables were depression and quality of life. Self-menstrual tracking chart was also given to the students to monitor their menstrual cycle.Results: The prevalence of depression found in sample was 26% moderate, 19% borderline, 52% mild and 3% severe depression respectively. Age group in which commonly seen [18-20 years (n=14), 21-25 years (n=15)]. Patients also showed a negative impact of PCOS on health related QOL (PCOSQ) scale. After PMR and HIT data showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the pre-test and post-test scores of BDI.Conclusions: This study provides positive PMR and HIT is an effective therapy for improving the depression related to PCOS and thereby improving the quality of life of college students with PCOS.
Pattern of utilization of blood and blood components in obstetrics at a tertiary care center: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jacob Alpana , Goyal Sunita , Dhar Tapasya
Published: September 2021

Background: Blood transfusion is an essential lifesaving component in obstetrics. Extra blood loss in pregnancy can occur due to various gestational disorders and complications during labour and delivery. Reduction in maternal morbidity and mortality has been observed by increased use of comprehensive emergency obstetrics care in which blood transfusion has achieved recognition as one of the important components. In a developing country like India, the need for well maintained and readily available blood and transfusion services becomes paramount to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality. We wanted to determine the clinical characteristics and indication of blood transfusion in obstetrics and also determine any adverse blood transfusion reaction.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Christian medical college, Ludhiana for a period of eighteen months from 15th October 2018. The study group included all the antenatal and postnatal patients up to 6 weeks postpartum who were admitted in the obstetric unit, requiring blood or component transfusions. Clinical characteristics, indication of blood transfusion and any adverse blood transfusion reaction were recorded.Results: In our study, about 7.84% of obstetric admission required blood and blood components. Most common indication for blood transfusion was anaemia either during antenatal or during postnatal period (33.91%). Majority of the patients were unbooked antenatally (63.91%) and were multiparous (93.91%). 4 or more blood transfusions were given in 28.26% of cases.Conclusions: Blood transfusion is live saving measure in many obstetric patients. Blood transfusion is an essential component of emergency obstetric care and appropriate blood transfusion significantly reduces maternal mortality. Severe anaemia is the most common condition requiring blood transfusion, which may be chronic due to nutritional deficiency or following acute blood loss, followed by postpartum haemorrhage, placental abruption and placenta previa. Availability of transfusion facility and blood products in obstetric care setting in peripheral health centres can reduce need for referral of patients and indirectly reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality.