bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation of Geometric Extra Phase and Accompanying Temporal Effects in Asymmetric Optically Compensated IPS-LCDs and FFS-LCDs
Authors: Kobayashi Shunsuke , Miyama Tomohiro , Akiyama Hidenari , Ikemura Atsushi , Kitamura Michio
Published: June 2021

This paper reports the generation of an extra phase and the accompanying temporal effects in an asymmetric optically compensated in-pane-switching (IPS) liquid crystal (LC) system and a fringe-field-switching (FFS) liquid crystal display (LCD) exhibiting a twofold faster response speed in the switching-off process compared with that in single and symmetric IPS-LCDs and FFS LCDs for the first time. To explain the experimental results, we derived an approximate analytical formula for the optical output intensity that includes an extra phase advancement and conducted simulations to achieve normally black operation using a dynamic optical retarder.
Flattening Layer Pruning in Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Jeczmionek Ernest , Kowalski Piotr A.
Published: June 2021

The rapid growth of performance in the field of neural networks has also increased their sizes. Pruning methods are getting more and more attention in order to overcome the problem of non-impactful parameters and overgrowth of neurons. In this article, the application of Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) methods demonstrates the impact of input variables on the model’s output variables. GSA gives the ability to mark out the least meaningful arguments and build reduction algorithms on these. Using several popular datasets, the study shows how different levels of pruning correlate to network accuracy and how levels of reduction negligibly impact accuracy. In doing so, pre- and post-reduction sizes of neural networks are compared. This paper shows how Sobol and FAST methods with common norms can largely decrease the size of a network, while keeping accuracy relatively high. On the basis of the obtained results, it is possible to create a thesis about the asymmetry between the elements removed from the network topology and the quality of the neural network.
Identification of Road Profile Parameters from Vehicle Suspension Dynamics for Control of Damping
Authors: Čerškus Aurimas , Lenkutis Tadas , Šešok Nikolaj , Dzedzickis Andrius , Viržonis Darius , Bučinskas Vytautas
Published: June 2021

Concept of symmetry covers physical link between road profile form, vehicle dynamic characteristics, and speed conjunction. Symmetry frame between these items is asymmetric itself and has no direct expression, but it affects a vibration level on the vehicle and driving comfort. Usually, we can change only the vehicle’s speed to achieve desired vibrations level of the driver and passengers. Recently, vehicle dynamic characteristics can be changed depending on its damping system structure, but these solutions are limited by construction and control possibilities and evidently represented by symmetric dependency between road input and the resulting acceleration of the vehicle. The main limitation of this process is to have a reliable value of the existing road profile that is mainly defined by road category but unpredictable for each road distance. Functional road profile calculations are provided in this article, where power spectral density (further-PSD) and waviness of the road play the main role in delineating road profile parameters. Furthermore, the transfer function system was created using full car dynamic model analysis. Values on vehicle suspension’s effects on acceleration were obtained from vehicle speed and road roughness. Acceleration values and transfer function were used to calculate PSD value quickly and practically. This calculated result can be formed as a control value to the vehicle damping control. In addition, the provided methodology became useful to determine road quality for adjustment of vehicle suspension parameters and set safe driving characteristics, which became part of driver assistant systems or autonomous driving mode.
Chiral Auxiliaries and Chirogenesis II
Authors: Borovkov Victor
Published: June 2021

Chirality is an inevitable property of our Universe, having an enormous impact in different fields, ranging from nuclear physics and astronomy to living organisms and human beings [...]
Evolving Hybrid Cascade Neural Network Genetic Algorithm Space–Time Forecasting
Authors: Caraka Rezzy Eko , Yasin Hasbi , Chen Rung-Ching , Goldameir Noor Ell , Supatmanto Budi Darmawan , Toharudin Toni , Basyuni Mohammad , Gio Prana Ugiana , Pardamean Bens
Published: June 2021

Design: At the heart of time series forecasting, if nonlinear and nonstationary data are analyzed using traditional time series, the results will be biased. At the same time, if just using machine learning without any consideration given to input from traditional time series, not much information can be obtained from the results because the machine learning model is a black box. Purpose: In order to better study time series forecasting, we extend the combination of traditional time series and machine learning and propose a hybrid cascade neural network considering a metaheuristic optimization genetic algorithm in space–time forecasting. Finding: To further show the utility of the cascade neural network genetic algorithm, we use various scenarios for training and testing while also extending simulations by considering the activation functions SoftMax, radbas, logsig, and tribas on space–time forecasting of pollution data. During the simulation, we perform numerical metric evaluations using the root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and symmetric mean absolute percentage error (sMAPE) to demonstrate that our models provide high accuracy and speed up time-lapse computing.
Occurrence of Zearalenone and Its Metabolites in the Blood of High-Yielding Dairy Cows at Selected Collection Sites in Various Disease States
Authors: Barański Wojciech , Gajęcka Magdalena , Zielonka Łukasz , Mróz Magdalena , Onyszek Ewa , Przybyłowicz Katarzyna E. , Nowicki Arkadiusz , Babuchowski Andrzej , Gajęcki Maciej T.
Published: June 2021

Zearalenone (ZEN) and its metabolites, alpha-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and beta-zearalenol (β-ZEL), are ubiquitous in plant materials used as feed components in dairy cattle diets. The aim of this study was to confirm the occurrence of ZEN and its selected metabolites in blood samples collected from different sites in the hepatic portal system (posthepatic–external jugular vein EJV; prehepatic–abdominal subcutaneous vein ASV and median caudal vein MCV) of dairy cows diagnosed with mastitis, ovarian cysts and pyometra. The presence of mycotoxins in the blood plasma was determined with the use of combined separation methods involving immunoaffinity columns, a liquid chromatography system and a mass spectrometry system. The parent compound was detected in all samples collected from diseased cows, whereas α-ZEL and β-ZEL were not identified in any samples, or their concentrations were below the limit of detection (LOD). Zearalenone levels were highest in cows with pyometra, where the percentage share of average ZEN concentrations reached 44%. Blood sampling sites were arranged in the following ascending order based on ZEN concentrations: EJV (10.53 pg/mL, 44.07% of the samples collected from this site), ASV (14.20 pg/mL, 49.59% of the samples) and MCV (26.67 pg/mL, 67.35% of the samples). The results of the study indicate that blood samples for toxicological analyses should be collected from the MCV (prehepatic vessel) of clinically healthy cows and/or cows with subclinical ZEN mycotoxicosis. This sampling site increases the probability of correct diagnosis of subclinical ZEN mycotoxicosis.
Assessing the Attitude of Tampa Bay Youth toward HIV Self-Testing Kits
Authors: Zhang Sherry , Lopez Isabella , Washington Bernard , Gaudet Brittney , Rodriguez Carina A. , Sanders Lisa J.
Published: June 2021

In adults, data support the utility and acceptance of home HIV testing; however, in youth, particularly in the US, this has not been well studied. In this exploratory study, we surveyed Tampa Bay youth aged 16−27 and attending sexual health clinics between 1 June and 31 June 2018 (n = 133) regarding attitudes and perceptions towards HIV self-testing. While most indicated the clinic over home when asked for preferred testing location, study population and subgroup analysis demonstrated a positive response (agree) to Likert-scale questions regarding the use of home HIV self-testing kits and negative responses (strongly disagree) to “would not use self-testing kit”. There was a significant difference between genders in testing location preference (p = 0.031) for those respondents that specified gender (n = 123), with males more likely to prefer home testing than females. This study suggests an openness of youth towards HIV home testing that could help to expand the number of youth aware of their HIV status.
Proteome Analysis in PAM Cells Reveals That African Swine Fever Virus Can Regulate the Level of Intracellular Polyamines to Facilitate Its Own Replication through ARG1
Authors: Ai Qiangyun , Lin Xiwei , Xie Hangao , Li Bin , Liao Ming , Fan Huiying
Published: June 2021

In 2018, African swine fever broke out in China, and the death rate after infection was close to 100%. There is no effective and safe vaccine in the world. In order to better characterize and understand the virus–host-cell interaction, quantitative proteomics was performed on porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) infected with ASFV through tandem mass spectrometry (TMT) technology, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry (MS). The proteome difference between the simulated group and the ASFV-infected group was found at 24 h. A total of 4218 proteins were identified, including 306 up-regulated differentially expressed proteins and 238 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins. Western blot analysis confirmed changes in the expression level of the selected protein. Pathway analysis is used to reveal the regulation of protein and interaction pathways after ASFV infection. Functional network and pathway analysis can provide an insight into the complexity and dynamics of virus–host cell interactions. Further study combined with proteomics data found that ARG1 has a very important effect on ASFV replication. It should be noted that the host metabolic pathway of ARG1-polyamine is important for virus replication, revealing that the virus may facilitate its own replication by regulating the level of small molecules in the host cell.
Integrated Proteomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal the Transcriptional Slippage of a Bymovirus P3N-PIPO Gene Expressed from a PVX Vector in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Yu Chulang , Miao Runpu , Ye Zhuangxin , MacFarlane Stuart , Lu Yuwen , Li Junmin , Yang Jian , Yan Fei , Dai Liangying , Chen Jianping
Published: June 2021

P3N-PIPO (P3 N-terminal fused with Pretty Interesting Potyviridae ORF), the movement protein of potyviruses, is expressed as a translational fusion with the N-terminus of P3 in potyviruses. As reported in previous studies, P3N-PIPO is expressed via transcriptional slippage at a conserved G2A6 slippery site in the genus Potyvirus. However, it is still unknown whether a similar expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO is used in the other genera of the family Potyviridae. Moreover, due to the extremely low expression level of P3N-PIPO in natural virus-infected plants, the peptides spanning the slippery site which provide direct evidence of the slippage at the protein level, have not been identified yet. In this study, a potato virus X (PVX)-based expression vector was utilized to investigate the expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO. A high expression level of the P3N-PIPO(WT) of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV, genus Potyvirus) was observed based on the PVX expression vector. For the first time, we successfully identified the peptides of P3N-PIPO spanning the slippery site by mass spectrometry. Likewise, the P3N-PIPO(WT) of wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV, genus Bymovirus) was also successfully expressed using the PVX expression vector. Integrated proteome and transcriptome analyses revealed that WYMV P3N-PIPO was expressed at the conserved G2A6 site through transcriptional slippage. Moreover, as revealed by mutagenesis analysis, Hexa-adenosine of the G2A6 site was important for the frameshift expression of P3N-PIPO in WYMV. According to our results, the PVX-based expression vector might be used as an excellent tool to study the expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO in Potyviridae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence dissecting the expression mechanism of a bymovirus P3N-PIPO in the experimental host Nicotiana benthamiana.
Epidemiology of the Rhinovirus (RV) in African and Southeast Asian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Etiology Study
Authors: Baillie Vicky L. , Moore David P. , Mathunjwa Azwifarwi , Baggett Henry C. , Brooks Abdullah , Feikin Daniel R. , Hammitt Laura L. , Howie Stephen R. C. , Knoll Maria Deloria , Kotloff Karen L. , Levine Orin S. , O’Brien Katherine L. , Scott Anthony G. , Thea Donald M. , Antonio Martin , Awori Juliet O. , Driscoll Amanda J. , Fancourt Nicholas S. S. , Higdon Melissa M. , Karron Ruth A. , Morpeth Susan C. , Mulindwa Justin M. , Murdoch David R. , Park Daniel E. , Prosperi Christine , Rahman Mohammed Ziaur , Rahman Mustafizur , Salaudeen Rasheed A. , Sawatwong Pongpun , Somwe Somwe Wa , Sow Samba O. , Tapia Milagritos D. , Simões Eric A. F. , Madhi Shabir A.
Published: June 2021

Rhinovirus (RV) is commonly detected in asymptomatic children; hence, its pathogenicity during childhood pneumonia remains controversial. We evaluated RV epidemiology in HIV-uninfected children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls. PERCH was a case-control study that enrolled children (1–59 months) hospitalized with severe and very severe pneumonia per World Health Organization clinical criteria and age-frequency-matched community controls in seven countries. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected for all participants, combined, and tested for RV and 18 other respiratory viruses using the Fast Track multiplex real-time PCR assay. RV detection was more common among cases (24%) than controls (21%) (aOR = 1.5, 95%CI:1.3–1.6). This association was driven by the children aged 12–59 months, where 28% of cases vs. 18% of controls were RV-positive (aOR = 2.1, 95%CI:1.8–2.5). Wheezing was 1.8-fold (aOR 95%CI:1.4–2.2) more prevalent among pneumonia cases who were RV-positive vs. RV-negative. Of the RV-positive cases, 13% had a higher probability (>75%) that RV was the cause of their pneumonia based on the PERCH integrated etiology analysis; 99% of these cases occurred in children over 12 months in Bangladesh. RV was commonly identified in both cases and controls and was significantly associated with severe pneumonia status among children over 12 months of age, particularly those in Bangladesh. RV-positive pneumonia was associated with wheezing.
Geographical Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Bank Vole Hepaciviruses in Europe
Authors: Schneider Julia , Hoffmann Bernd , Fevola Cristina , Schmidt Marie Luisa , Imholt Christian , Fischer Stefan , Ecke Frauke , Hörnfeldt Birger , Magnusson Magnus , Olsson Gert E. , Rizzoli Annapaola , Tagliapietra Valentina , Chiari Mario , Reusken Chantal , Bužan Elena , Kazimirova Maria , Stanko Michal , White Thomas A. , Reil Daniela , Obiegala Anna , Meredith Anna , Drexler Jan Felix , Essbauer Sandra , Henttonen Heikki , Jacob Jens , Hauffe Heidi C. , Beer Martin , Heckel Gerald , Ulrich Rainer G.
Published: June 2021

The development of new diagnostic methods resulted in the discovery of novel hepaciviruses in wild populations of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus, syn. Clethrionomys glareolus). The naturally infected voles demonstrate signs of hepatitis similar to those induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) in humans. The aim of the present research was to investigate the geographical distribution of bank vole-associated hepaciviruses (BvHVs) and their genetic diversity in Europe. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) screening revealed BvHV RNA in 442 out of 1838 (24.0%) bank voles from nine European countries and in one of seven northern red-backed voles (Myodes rutilus, syn. Clethrionomys rutilus). BvHV RNA was not found in any other small mammal species (n = 23) tested here. Phylogenetic and isolation-by-distance analyses confirmed the occurrence of both BvHV species (Hepacivirus F and Hepacivirus J) and their sympatric occurrence at several trapping sites in two countries. The broad geographical distribution of BvHVs across Europe was associated with their presence in bank voles of different evolutionary lineages. The extensive geographical distribution and high levels of genetic diversity of BvHVs, as well as the high population fluctuations of bank voles and occasional commensalism in some parts of Europe warrant future studies on the zoonotic potential of BvHVs.
Snapshots of a Non-Canonical RdRP in Action
Authors: Ferrero Diego S. , Falqui Michela , Verdaguer Nuria
Published: June 2021

RNA viruses typically encode their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) to ensure genome replication and transcription. The closed “right hand” architecture of RdRPs encircles seven conserved structural motifs (A to G) that regulate the polymerization activity. The four palm motifs, arranged in the sequential order A to D, are common to all known template dependent polynucleotide polymerases, with motifs A and C containing the catalytic aspartic acid residues. Exceptions to this design have been reported in members of the Permutotetraviridae and Birnaviridae families of positive single stranded (+ss) and double-stranded (ds) RNA viruses, respectively. In these enzymes, motif C is located upstream of motif A, displaying a permuted C–A–B–D connectivity. Here we study the details of the replication elongation process in the non-canonical RdRP of the Thosea asigna virus (TaV), an insect virus from the Permutatetraviridae family. We report the X-ray structures of three replicative complexes of the TaV polymerase obtained with an RNA template-primer in the absence and in the presence of incoming rNTPs. The structures captured different replication events and allowed to define the critical interactions involved in: (i) the positioning of the acceptor base of the template strand, (ii) the positioning of the 3’-OH group of the primer nucleotide during RNA replication and (iii) the recognition and positioning of the incoming nucleotide. Structural comparisons unveiled a closure of the active site on the RNA template-primer binding, before rNTP entry. This conformational rearrangement that also includes the repositioning of the motif A aspartate for the catalytic reaction to take place is maintained on rNTP and metal ion binding and after nucleotide incorporation, before translocation.
Investigation of Salmonella Phage–Bacteria Infection Profiles: Network Structure Reveals a Gradient of Target-Range from Generalist to Specialist Phage Clones in Nested Subsets
Authors: Makalatia Khatuna , Kakabadze Elene , Bakuradze Nata , Grdzelishvili Nino , Stamp Ben , Herman Ezra , Tapinos Avraam , Coffey Aidan , Lee David , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Robertson David L. , Chanishvili Nina , Megremis Spyridon
Published: June 2021

Bacteriophages that lyse Salmonella enterica are potential tools to target and control Salmonella infections. Investigating the host range of Salmonella phages is a key to understand their impact on bacterial ecology, coevolution and inform their use in intervention strategies. Virus–host infection networks have been used to characterize the “predator–prey” interactions between phages and bacteria and provide insights into host range and specificity. Here, we characterize the target-range and infection profiles of 13 Salmonella phage clones against a diverse set of 141 Salmonella strains. The environmental source and taxonomy contributed to the observed infection profiles, and genetically proximal phages shared similar infection profiles. Using in vitro infection data, we analyzed the structure of the Salmonella phage–bacteria infection network. The network has a non-random nested organization and weak modularity suggesting a gradient of target-range from generalist to specialist species with nested subsets, which are also observed within and across the different phage infection profile groups. Our results have implications for our understanding of the coevolutionary mechanisms shaping the ecological interactions between Salmonella phages and their bacterial hosts and can inform strategies for targeting Salmonella enterica with specific phage preparations.
Expression of Concern: Walach et al. The Safety of COVID-19 Vaccinations—We Should Rethink the Policy. Vaccines 2021, 9, 693
Authors: Vaccines Editorial Office
Published: June 2021

The journal is issuing this expression of concern to alert readers to significant concerns regarding the paper cited above [...]
Comprehensive Understanding the Disaster-Causing Mechanism, Governance Dilemma and Targeted Countermeasures of Urban Pluvial Flooding in China
Authors: Kong Feng , Sun Shao , Wang Yifei
Published: June 2021

Urban pluvial flooding in China has become one of the major challenges for sustainable development. This paper analyzes the impact of climate change, urbanization, and integrated disaster drivers on urban pluvial flooding hazards, starting from the disaster-causing mechanisms of urban pluvial flooding in China. This paper then analyzes the main features and progress of urban pluvial flooding governance in China. In particular, this paper describes the progress of sponge cities in China. On the basis of the above contents, this paper describes three manifestations of the fragmentation dilemma at the level of governance, namely, fragmentation in value integration due to conflicting management orders and service values, fragmentation in resource and power allocation due to the lack of vertical top-level design and blurred horizontal departmental management boundaries, and fragmentation in policy formulation and implementation due to outdated urban flood control standards and interdepartmental information compartmentalization. In response to the fragmentation dilemma in urban pluvial flooding management in China, this paper introduces the concept of holistic governance and clarifies the path of urban waterlogging management, i.e., forming a collaborative and diversified governance subjects, deeply optimizing the organizational structure of urban waterlogging management, creating a mature information-based governance platform, and improving the legal and rule of law construction model. This paper is informative for understanding the governance of urban pluvial flooding in China from a government-led management level.
Results of the First Improvement Step Regarding Removal Efficiency of Kanchan Arsenic Filters in the Lowlands of Nepal—A Case Study
Authors: Mueller Barbara
Published: June 2021

In Nepal as well as in other countries in Southeast Asia, the World Health Organization drinking water guideline of 10 µg/L concerning arsenic concentrations in ground water hosted in Quaternary alluvial sediments is often regionally exceeded. The commonly accepted theories include that arsenic in ground water stems from reductive dissolution of As-rich Fe(III)hydr(oxides) including microbial degradation of sedimentary organic matter. On the contrary, the influence of clay minerals in the sediments as hosts for As was clearly underestimated, as geochemical analysis depicted that As was generally associated with specific elements such as Na, K, Al, and Li. Moreover, there was a very weak correlation or decoupling between As and Fe in the ground water in Nepal, and this fact points to consequences for water treatment. The so-called Kanchan filters, used for the removal of As, installed in the lowlands of Nepal often exhibited effluent As concentrations well above Nepal’s drinking water quality standard value (i.e., 50 μg/L). Ground water concentrations of Fe and As proved to be the most important geochemical factors regarding the performance of the filters. Moreover, the flow rate as well as the contact time to the rusty nails in the filter, intended to adsorb As on their surface, influenced the removal efficiency. The removal rate was severely influenced by the handling of the filters, too. This short communication provides an overview of the removal efficiency of 30 filters, their drawbacks, the influence of the aging material in the filters as well as measures of improvements to enhance the efficiency of the filters. Proper instruction for users of Kanchan filters is a major point that needs to be addressed in the future.
Application of Biological and Chemical Processes to Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Chatzisymeon Efthalia
Published: June 2021

Existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) face huge challenges that can impede the achievement of sustainable development goals for clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) and clean energy (SDG 7), amongst others [...]
The study of toxicity of silver and gold nanoparticles
Authors: Bronnikova Sofya Igorevna , Stoinova Anastasiya Mikhailovna
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of toxicity of silver and gold using the preparation of luminescent bacteria «Ecolum».
Epidemic risks during endoscopic examinations in the conditions of a specialized COVID-19 hospital in the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection
Authors: Babanov Sergey Anatolievich , Shteiner Mikhail Lvovich , Biktagirov Yuriy Iskhakovich , Zhestkov Aleksandr Viktorovich , Strizhakov Leonid Aleksandrovich , Ostryakova Nataliya Aleksandrovna , Agarkova Anna Sergeevna , Kiryushina Tatyana Mikhailovna
Published: June 2021

The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection has posed additional challenges for endoscopy services. Endoscopy departments face a high risk of spreading airborne respiratory diseases in their daily work. This is especially true for endoscopic departments and offices that perform bronchoscopic examinations. The world scientific community recognizes the highest epidemiological risk of personnel infection during any interventional manipulations and operations related to the respiratory system, including bronchoscopic interventions.
Using laser therapy in the treatment of patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kabirova Elvira F. , Borisova Alla I. , Urmantseva Ferdaus A. , Karimov Denis O. , Shaykhlislamova Elmira R. , Volgareva Alfiya D. , Bakirov Akhat B.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of laser therapy in combination with basic pharmacotherapy in 72 patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of moderate and severe degree during the exacerbation period. For the treatment of patients in the comparison group, traditional therapy was used in accordance with the treatment standards. The course of laser therapy was conducted by a semiconductor laser device Mustang 2000 with a radiating head KLOZ-2000. Analyzing the obtained data, it can be suggested that this method allows accelerating the normalization of clinical indicators, improving external respiration indicators and extending the remission period.
The experience of the combined use of Roncoleukin® and Viferon® in the treatment of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Bukhtoyarov Oleg Viktorovich , Samarin Denis Mikhailovich
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of the clinical use of Roncoleukin® (recombinant interleukin-2) and Viferon® (interferon alfa-2b) in the complex treatment of more than 300 patients with COVID-19 in outpatient and inpatient conditions from May to December 2020 in various regions of Russia and abroad. The obtained results indicate a dramatic improvement in the condition of patients with the inclusion of Roncoleukin® and Viferon® in the COVID-19 treatment regimen, which made it possible to achieve patient recovery in all cases and avoid death among patients with severe COVID-19. The article justifies the necessity of compulsory use of interleukin-2 and interferon alpha-2b in the treatment regimen of COVID-19 patients as the factors determining the timely activation of specific immune responses that block the growth of nonspecific immune reactions leading to the generalization of infectious and inflammatory processes (“cytokine storm”), decompensation of chronic diseases and death. The need to normalize the psychoemotional state as an important pathogenetically significant factor that has a considerable impact on both the course of coronavirus disease and its outcome is demonstrated.
Vibration disease from exposure to general vibration: methodology of diagnosis and place of electroneuromyography
Authors: Babanov S.A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the features of the state of the neuromuscular apparatus in vibration diseases of various degrees of severity using electroneuromyographic research on the basis of the department of occupational Pathology of the regional center of Occupational Pathology of the Samara Medical and Sanitary Unit No. 5 of the Kirov district. It was found that patients with vibration disease are characterized by changes in the excitability and functional mobility of the sensorimotor system, the formation of vegetative-sensory polyneuropathy, depending on the severity of the vibration disease, the length of work in contact with vibration.
MED-12-2103-02
Authors: Laknitskaya O.
Published: June 2021

Currently, one of the priority medical and social problems of medicine is to optimize the treatment of bacterial skin infections, in particular pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes-group A streptococcus. The traditional treatment complex, including antibacterial drugs used systemically or topically, selected taking into account individual sensitivity, the presence of pathognomonic microflora, is not always effective due to the increase in antibiotic resistance. Currently implemented methods of immunocorrection, taking into account changes in the immune status in this pathology, corresponding to the clinic of patients, are pathogenetically justified and can be effective. The use of immunomodulatory therapy requires a change in approaches to diagnosis, clarifying the role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity, intercellular mediators and the system of antioxidant protection, allowing to optimize the methods of treatment of this pathology. The use of recombinant interleukin-2 makes up for the lack of interleukin-2 in the blood serum of patients with streptoderma and contributes to the clinical recovery of patients.
The use of modern clinical hypnosis in the treatment of stress in a pandemic. Clinical cases
Authors: Kulakov Daniil Viktorovich
Published: June 2021

The use of modern clinical hypnosis in the treatment of stress is an effective way to relieve, overcome and resolve a stressful situation, as well as its consequences, especially in a pandemic. Hypnosis has a positive effect on the functioning of the central nervous system. Already at the initial admission, hypnosis at the initial admission removes anxiety and tension, and at subsequent admissions, it bypasses the patient’s possible resistance, providing a therapeutically oriented effect.
Phenotypes of professional bronchial asthma from the standpoint of spirometry
Authors: Baykova Antonina G. , Vostroknutova Marina Yuryevna , Ostryakova Natalia A. , Kiryushina Tatyana Mikhailovna
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of spirometric indicators of respiration in various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. At the clinical stage of the work, a comprehensive clinical, radiological, spirographic, echocardiographic, immunological and molecular genetic examination of 170 patients of the main groups and 50 individuals of the control group was carried out. The results of the study. Dynamic determination of the speed indicators of forced exhalation in various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma can improve the diagnosis of obstructive disorders in this pathology, optimize the choice of treatment tactics, and predict the course of this pathology.
Qualitative analysis of the herb fagopyrum sagittatum gilib grown in pot culture
Authors: Soldatov A. S. , Nesterova N. V. , Biryukova N. V.
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the phytochemical study of fresh and dried samples of buckwheat grass, the preparation of which was carried out from plants cultivated in pot culture using pharmacopoeial qualitative reactions. The presence of tannins and flavonoids was identified, and using the method of thin-layer chromatography, using GSO Rutin, rutin was identified, which allows us to consider potted buckwheat culture as a promising source of rutin production.
75th ANNIVERSARY OF S.P.KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA
Authors: SOLOVIEV Vladimir A. , RESHETNIKOV Mikhail N. , SINYAVSKIY Viktor V. , SHACHNEV Sergey Yu.
Published: June 2021

The article briefly discusses the key achievements of the enterprise over 75 years from the formation of OKB-1 headed by S.P. Korolev for producing intercontinental range missiles to the current status of RSC Energia being the country’s and world leader in manned space flight. The developed intercontinental missiles R-7 and a closed-loop oxygen-hydrocarbon liquid-propellant rocket engine provided the basis for developing integrated launch vehicles which were used to launch the world's first Earth satellite, the first cosmonaut on the Earth, automatic interplanetary stations to the Moon, Venus, Mars. The diversification of the enterprise impeded S.P. Korolev to concentrate on manned space flights, and he initiated the transfer of development and manufacture of combat missiles to Makeyev DB, integrated launch vehicles to TsSKB Progress, communication and other satellites to M.F. Reshetnev ISS, lunar and interplanetary stations to S.A.Lavochkin NPO. In the 1980s under the guidance of V.P. Glushko the Energia super-heavy launch vehicle and Energia-Buran system in unmanned configuration were developed and successfully launched on the first try. The Salyut manned single-module orbital stations, Mir multifunctional multi-module space laboratory and successfully operating upgraded manned transportation (Soyuz) and logistics (Progress) spacecraft were developed. In the hard times of 1990s, RSC Energia under the guidance of Yu.P. Semenov saved the national cosmonautics through commercial research performed on the Mir station. At present, by launching three additional modules RSC Energia is completing assembly and integration of the Russian Segment into the International Space Station. Keywords. ОKB-1, S.P.Korolev RSC Energia, V.P. Glushko, Yu.S. Semenov, integrated launch vehicle, orbital station, crew transportation spacecraft, logistics transportation spacecraft, International Space Station.
Fortalecimiento del proceso de comprensión lectora en inglés de los estudiantes de bachillerato en Colombia
Authors: Castro Zapata Edgar Iván , Londoño Bonilla Pamela
Published: June 2021

La presente investigación buscó contribuir al fortalecimiento del proceso de comprensión lectora en inglés como lengua extranjera de los estudiantes de grado octavo de la Institución Educativa Magdalena Ortega de La Unión, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; mediante el diseño de una estrategia didáctica compuesta por actividades pedagógicas y didácticas. Este estudio de enfoque cualitativo, alcance descriptivo, diseño metodológico aplicado y de tipo exploratorio usó un dispositivo didáctico validado mediante pares académicos y grupos focales de diferentes instituciones educativas de la región, surgiendo del análisis documental, la modelación, el método deductivo, la observación directa, el diario pedagógico y las pruebas externas aplicadas a los estudiantes con su respectiva medición y análisis, usándose el coeficiente de alfa Cronbach (0,767) para la fiabilidad y validez del sistema de medida y asociación de variables. Finalmente, según los resultados, se observó que los estudiantes del grado octavo al principio evidenciaron desempeños bajos en los niveles de comprensión lectora en inglés, pero progresivamente mejoraron su desempeño.
Arriba el telón: enseñar Teatro y enseñar desde el Teatro
Authors: Torrealba Lizdaribeth
Published: June 2021

Santamaría, Gómez, Ruíz y otros. (2014). Arriba el telón: enseñar Teatro y enseñar desde el Teatro. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Subdirección General de Cooperación Internacional. 128 páginas. ISBN: 978-989-98690- 1- 1
Overtourism Phenomenon at Borobudur Temple Based on The Penta Helix Perspectives
Authors: Ersya Fadilla Rachmat  , Sutono Anang , Renalmon Hutahaean
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to identify the overtourism issues at Borobudur Temple based on Penta Helix's perspectives. There is 5 kind of issues that will be identified based on Peeter et al (2018) such as issues related to tourist number, issues related to physical or build environment, socio-cultural issues, socio-economic issues and tourist perception based on Penta Helix perspectives. The empirical condition happened that many events like Borobudur Symphony, Concert Marathon, and the liked conducted in the area of Borobudur Temple. This study used qualitative research. Researchers wanted to understand the phenomena of certain social conditions that occurred in the research place. To identify the overtourism phenomenon in destination, the interview was conducted with each stakeholder according to Penta Helix elements which consist of academicians, business, community, government, and media. By interviewing each of Penta Helix elements, comprehensive findings can be produced following the 5 kinds of issues mentioned. According to each stakeholder by the Penta Helix model, there are some overtourism phenomena or issues that already happened in the destination. Those are issues related to tourist numbers, physical and built environment, socio-cultural issues, and tourist perception. And one of the issues that have not happened in the destination is socio-economic issues.
Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation and Resistance Training on Body Composition and Maximal Strength in Trained Women
Authors: Sadeghipour Sonia , Mirzaei Bahman , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Tropin Yrui
Published: June 2021

Purpose: to investigate the effect of WB-EMS training and resistance training on body composition and maximal strength in trained women.

Material and methods: 30 trained women (with a mean age of 25.70 ± 2.27 years, height of 1.63 ± 0.032 m, and weight of 60.46 ± 5.50 kg) were randomly divided into three groups of ten (WB-EMS training, strength training (ST), and control group (CG)). The training program was performed for 6 weeks and two sessions per week (WB-EMS: 20 minutes, 85 Hz, 350 µs, 6 s pulse duration, 4 s rest; and ST: 1-RM 60-80%, 3 sets, 8-12 repeats, 50-90 s rest between each set). In all three groups, BF%, LBM and Maximal Strength were measured before and after the training period.

Results: Intragroup comparison in WB-EMS group showed a significant difference in BF% and LBM (P ≤ 0.05); while in the intergroup comparison, no significant difference was observed between the WB-EMS group and CG. Also in ST group, BF% and LBM values did not show any significant changes. There was also a significant difference in Maximal Strength in the intragroup comparison between both WB-EMS and ST groups and a significant difference between the WB-EMS group and CG and between ST group and CG in the intragroup comparison after the test (P ≤ 0.05); while there was no significant difference between WB-EMS and ST groups.

Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be concluded that both types of exercise can improve maximal strength, although each of these exercises has its own benefits.
Logotherapy – an attempt to establish a new dialogue with one’s own life
Authors: Sipowicz Kasper , Podlecka Marlena , Pietras Tadeusz
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with one of the schools of psychotherapy, namely the so-called logotherapy. This term comes from the Greek word logos – meaning.  Therapy with the meaning of life – because we might call logotherapy so in other words – was developed by Viktor E. Frankl in the first half of the 20th century. That Vienna psychiatrist pointed out rightly that the greatest problem of the modern man is the inability to make sense in life, which gives rise to many mental disorders. In the paper we attempt to approximate both the theoretical assumptions of logotherapy and its practical application in work with the patient.
Attachment styles in children. Attachment Styles in the Family of Origin (ASFO)
Authors: Ryś Maria , Krasowska Zofia , Witerek Natalia
Published: June 2021

Over the past few decades, the role of attachment in human life has been analyzed by many scientists. Attachment is one of the most basic motives of human behavior to provide a sense of security. Increasingly, the importance and impact of the attachment style shaped in childhood on interpersonal relationships in adulthood are emphasized. The child’s attachment to the parent is a prototype for later relationships with the spouse or other people from the immediate environment.

Authors of the article present a new research method - Attachment Styles in the Family of Origin (ASFO) - which can be helpful in determining the attachment style formed during childhood (up to the age of 12). The questionnaire consists of 4 scales measuring 4 attachment styles: safe style, anxious-ambivalent style, avoidant style and rejecting style.
EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND BIOPRODUCTS ON YIELD, QUALITY AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NU HOANG GUAVA PRODUCTION AT CU M’GAR DISTRICT, DAKLAK PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Minh Van , Hoang Chuyen Van , Do Nga Thi
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the most suitable dose of the mixture of organic fertilizers and probioticsincluding Ong Bien fertilizer, manure and composts from fish and soybean via foliar spray and irrigation for 4-year-old Taiwan guava grown at Cumgar district, Daklak Province in 2019. The results showed thatthe application of 30 kg manure + 9 kg organic fertilizer (Ong Bien) with foliar spray of 8 liter fish emulsion + 8 liter soybean emulsion (for plant-1) led to an increase in flowering and fruiting rate, fruit weight and fruit quality. By this combined application, the acutal fruit yield, Brix and economic efficency of the guava reached29.60 tons ha-1 (39.62% higher in comparision with control), 10.15% (10.57% higher in comparision with control) and 463.95 milion VND ha-1 per year (30.17% higher in comparision with control), respectively.
STUDY ON THE IN VITRO MORPHOGENETIC RESPONSE FROM SHOOT AND CALLUS CULTURES OF Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth
Authors: Nguyen Thi Trang Phuong , Bui Quang Minh , Le Hai Duc , Nguyen Linh Quoc
Published: June 2021

Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth is a short-term plant which contains many important secondarycompounds with high medicinal value. Currently, most of the researches focus on chemical composition and pharmacological activity, but the source of raw materials is very limited. In this study, the first step is transferring the samples from nature into in vitro culture conditions to understand the effects of the factors related to shooting and callus morphogenesis was performed, the first node from shoots apical meristem was isolated and sterilized with 1.5% NaOCl for 20 minutes to achieve high efficiency with 86.11% sterile samples and 85.56% shoot growth rate after 2 weeks of culture on MS medium. The shoot generation from axillary shoots was continued to be investigated with the highest number of shoots formed on MS medium supplemented with BA (1 mg / l) showed 1.53 shoots/implant which the height and the number of leavesare 3.65cm and 6.67, respectively. Besides, the formation of callus from leaves of MS medium supplemented with 2.4 - D (0.25 mg / l) achieved the rate of 66.67% of cultured samples, forming good callus after 4 weeks of culture. The results of the study not only contribute importantly to understanding morphogenesis for micropropagation purposes but also serve as the scientific database for further studies at the cellular and molecular levels of this plant.
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF Tinospora crispa MIERS STEM EXTRACT
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Pham , Bang Lam Hong , Nguyen Tran Thi Bao , Nguyen Tu Pham
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted to analyze some of the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of Tinospora crispa stem extract. Tinospora crispa stem extract is a prerequisite for the production of products capable of supporting and treating diseases. Tinospora crispa stem extract is made by immersion method withsolvents (water, ethanol 80o and methanol)  and combined with ultrasound. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPHmethods and phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide, tannin content were determined by the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that the moisture content was 61.09% and high extraction efficiency of Tinospora crispa stem were between 3.69% and 6.95% respectively. The extract of Tinospora crispa stem contains the presence of biological compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, tannins and phenols. The phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide and tannin content of Tinospora crispa stem were318.91 mg gallic acid/g dry; 36.71 mg quercetin/g dry; 10.38 mg GE/g dry and 38.42 mg tannic acid/g dry respectively. Tinospora crispa stem has antioxidant ability by DPPH method with IC50 value of water, ethanol 80o and methanol 113.69 mg/mg; 89.12 mg/mg; 62.19 mg/mg, respectively. Thus, the Tinospora crispastem extract had bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities, is a potential source of raw materials for research and applications.
ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Lantana camara LEAVES EXTRACT
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Pham , Bang Lam Hong , Nguyen Tran Thi Bao , Nguyen Tu Pham
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted to analyze some of the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity ofLantana camara leaves extract. This research was a prerequisite for the production of products with capability of supporting and treating diseases. L. camara leaves extract was extracted by combining the immersion method with different solvents (water, ethanol 80o and methanol) and ultrasound. Oxidation resistance wastested by DPPH method and the con tent of phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide, tannin were determined by the spectrophotometer method. The results showedthat the moisture content was 67.8% and extraction efficiency of L.camara leaves ranged from 4.29% to 6.13%. The extract of L. camara leaves contained biological compounds such as alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, steroids, tannins and phenols. The phenolic, flavonoid, polysaccharide and tannin content of L. camara leaves per g of dry weight were 251.52 mg gallicacid/g; 41.58 mg quercetin/g; 11.06 mg GE/g and 34.44 mg tannic acid/g, respectively. L.camara leaves has antioxidant ability by DPPH method with IC50 value of water, ethanol 800 and methanol 259.11 mg/mg; 150.29 mg/mg; 75.43 mg/mg, respectively. The results indicated that L. camara leaves contains many anti-oxidativebioactive ingredients, which were potential materials for further research and applications.