bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on Feature Selection and Improved IPSO-BP-AdaBoost
Authors: Zhou Lei , Fu Zhongjun , Li Keyang , Wang Yuhui , Rao Hang
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis methodology for oil-immersed transformers to improve the diagnostic accuracy influenced by gas components in power transformer oil. Firstly, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm is utilized to evaluate and filter the raw data features. Secondly, a multi-strategy Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) is applied to optimize a double-hidden layer Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). Four enhancement strategies, including SPM chaos mapping based on opposition-based learning, adaptive weight, spiral flight search, and crisscross strategies, are introduced based on traditional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to enhance the model’s optimization capabilities. Lastly, AdaBoost is integrated to fortify the resilience of the IPSO-BP network. Ablation experiments demonstrate an enhanced convergence rate and model accuracy of IPSO. Case analysis using Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) samples compares the proposed IPSO-BP-AdaBoost model with other swarm intelligence optimization algorithms integrated with BPNN. The experimental findings highlight the superior diagnostic accuracy and classification performance of the IPSO-BP-AdaBoost model.
A case study of the regional bioeconomy in Central Germany: Construction with renewable resources
Authors: Brödner Romy , Fürst Karoline
Published: August 2024

National and international policies focus on climate protection, resource efficiency and sustainability. The bioeconomy is seen as future-oriented field of innovation that can reconcile ecological and economic development. Building with renewable resources as part of the bioeconomy also contributes and is a key element of the global Sustainable Development Goal 11 'Sustainable Cities and Communities'. The study complements the national biomass monitoring in Germany with a regional insight into construction with renewable resources in Central Germany. It addresses practical challenges, theoretical approaches and political goals of the construction sector in Central Germany. Sectors with a high level of employment in the region and/or with a regional specificity will be examined. In 2020, 81,506 employees covered by social security were employed in the forestry, wood and construction industries in the federal states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg and Thuringia. This corresponds to a total share of two per cent of total employment in the federal states. Around 11,700 enterprises subject to value added tax are specialised herein. The region has extensive timber resources: 14.7 million m³ of hard- and softwood were harvested in the federal states in 2021. Industry trends include an increasing construction of timber buildings, use of wood as a renewable carbon source in the chemical industry and a rise in the use of wood-based packaging. This is accompanied by increased competition for the use of resources and brings potentials for innovation that can lead to economic growth and is being supported at the political level.
An optimized protocol for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of broomcorn millet
Authors: Cui Zhaolan , Wei Wenmin , Han Xinqi , Wang Yuechen , Jia Juqing , Wang Haigang , Liu Longlong , Wang Lun , Li Jun , Li Dongming , Zhang Li
Published: August 2024

Background
Broomcorn millet has many advantages, such as abiotic stress resistance, a short growth cycle and high nutritional value. However, due to the lack of efficient genetic transformation methods for broomcorn millet, the characterization of genes related to important traits lags behind that of other crop species. Therefore, establishing efficient in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation methods for broomcorn millet is essential.
Results
In this study, we used mature seeds from the sequenced cultivar 'Longmi 4' as explants and optimized their in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation methods. The optimal hormone concentrations for embryogenic callus induction medium were 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP. The optimal hormone concentrations for shoot regeneration media were 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.5 mg/L a-naphthaleneacetic acid. Additionally, the cocultivation time was 3 days, and the optimal hygromcin concentration for putative transgenic callus selection was 45 mg/L. The transgenic efficiency was 21.25% after our modification approach.
Conclusions
Here, we present a simple and highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol for broomcorn millet. Our work provides a tool for the characterization of genes related to important traits, as well as a new strategy for broomcorn millet breeding.
Impacts of stand age on ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and soil enzyme activities in Pinus massoniana plantations
Authors: Wu Jiuchun , Yuan Guiyun , Jiang Feng , Shen Chao , Zheng Yingjie , Sun Xueguang
Published: August 2024

In forest ecosystems, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play a crucial role in influencing plant productivity and soil processes. However, the dynamics of ECM fungal diversity during forest development and its relationship with soil enzyme activities remain insufficiently explored. This study focused on ECM fungal communities in Pinus massoniana forests of different ages (15, 25, and 35 years). Our findings revealed that P. massoniana roots harbor diverse ECM fungi, with community composition varying across developmental stages. Notably, the mature 35-year-old forest exhibited lower fungal alpha diversity but higher ECM fungal abundance, along with increased enzyme activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus acquisition. Soil pH and C-to-N ratios emerged as key factors influencing ECM fungal community diversity and composition. Redundancy analysis highlighted significant correlations between changes in ECM fungal community composition and soil enzyme activities (S-PPO and S-POD), as well as soil chemical properties (pH and C stoichiometry). Overall, varying stand ages lead to distinct ECM fungal communities, impacting soil functions associated with enzymatic activity.
A qualitative study of healthcare workers’ living and working conditions in rural and urban areas of Senegal in the context of Universal Health Coverage: the ANRS-12399 Soignants Senegal study
Authors: Diop Ousmane , Boutet Clément , Coulibaly Kanuya , Ba El Hadji , Maradan Gwenaëlle , Mora Marion , Spire Bruno , Sokhna Cheikh , Sagaon-Teyssier Luis
Published: August 2024

Background
Healthcare delivery in Senegal is hindered by a limited, unequally distributed healthcare workforce, and by inadequate infrastructure which negatively impact access to quality care and good health outcomes. Despite efforts to improve healthcare delivery through Universal Health Coverage (UHC), progress remains insufficient. We investigated the living and working conditions of Senegalese healthcare workers (HWs), specifically their representations and experiences of the implementation of UHC programs.
Methods
The ANRS-12399 Soignants Senegal study focused on HWs, including community HWs, working in health posts, health centers, regional and national hospitals, located in urban, sub-urban and rural areas. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with doctors and with new (preceding 12 months) arrivals (any HR type). Instead, separate semi-structured focus groups were conducted for non-doctor HWs who had graduated in a chosen technical field (e.g., nurses) and non-graduate HWs (e.g., community HWs).
Results
The sample comprised 60 HWs; median age was 34 years (IQR [29.5–37.5]). Those with administrative responsibility were more likely to have an understanding of the UHC’s various programs. UHC implementation had led to debt for care structures, poorer working conditions because of a deterioration of the patient-HW relationship through unexpected out-of-pocket costs for supposedly free services, delayed salary payment, and drug stock-outs. Moreover, job tenure was shorter in rural areas and for doctors, indicating the attractiveness of urban workplaces and greater doctor mobility, respectively. Reasons for leaving rural positions included dissatisfaction because of poor recognition, limited opportunities for career development, equipment and training infrastructure shortages, distance from one’s family, and the absence of financial incentives. HWs working in urban settings faced more equipment maintenance issues, but were less likely to leave their position. Different knowledge acquisition desires drove mobility to and from rural areas; seeking stable contracts motivated HWs to work in rural areas.
Conclusion
HWs working in rural Senegal face greater challenges. Deciding whether to work there entails more than financial considerations. Although UHC is not the origin of HWs’ poor working conditions in the country, it exacerbates them. Addressing difficulties HWs face in rural Senegal is essential to ensure retention and better implementation of the UHC’s various programs.
How good nnU-Net for Segmenting Cardiac MRI: A Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Gunawardhana Malitha , Xu Fangqiang , Zhao Jichao
Published: August 2024

Cardiac segmentation is a critical task in medical imaging, essential for detailed analysis of heart structures, which is crucial for diagnosing and treating various cardiovascular diseases. With the advent of deep learning, automated segmentation techniques have demonstrated remarkable progress, achieving high accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional manual methods. Among these techniques, the nnU-Net framework stands out as a robust and versatile tool for medical image segmentation. In this study, we evaluate the performance of nnU-Net in segmenting cardiac magnetic resonance images (MRIs). Utilizing five cardiac segmentation datasets, we employ various nnU-Net configurations, including 2D, 3D full resolution, 3D low resolution, 3D cascade, and ensemble models. Our study benchmarks the capabilities of these configurations and examines the necessity of developing new models for specific cardiac segmentation tasks.
Supply chain management through Fuzzy Systems: A Bibliometric and Scientometric analysis
Authors: Seal Somen , Mallik Ajoy , Ray Partha , Dey Agniva
Published: August 2024

Supply chain management is the process of managing the flow of goods or services produced, from the ordering of materials to the delivery of the final product to consumers. The primary goal of this research paper is to examine the research performance of supply chain management in the areas of fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set, and neutrosophic fuzzy set techniques. It also attempts to identify the most productive journals and countries in relation to the quantity of publications and the impact of citations.Additionally, the study uses “co-word cluster network analysis” for identifying the thematic
evolution of this research globally across successive periods.Between 2004 and 2023, a total of 4081 papers were retrieved and examined from WoS. Through the use of strategic diagrams, keyword overlapping maps, and theme maps, the study also quantified and visualized the distribution and influence at different times. The results of this study will be helpful in developing future research
strategies that focus on expanding operation research’s global reach.
Integrasi Mitos Dan Religi: (Mitologi Jawa dan Religi Islam dalam Ritual Ruwatan Pernikahan oleh Masyarakat Desa Jombok Ngoro Jombang Jawa Timur)
Authors: Musonnif Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Masyarakat Jawa memiliki tradisi warisan leluhur yang sampai sekarang masih dlestarikan yaitu ritual ruwatan. Ritual ini adalah sarana masyarakat Jawa untuk memohon kepada Tuhan agar terhindar dari bencana. Salah satu masyarakat Jawa yang masih melakukan ini adalah masyarakat Desa Jombok Ngoro Jombang Jawa Timur. Di antara ritual ruwatan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat desa Jombok adalah ruwatan perkawinan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adaalaah wawancara dan penellusuran literatur. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  Ritual ruwatan juga dilakukan oranng tua untuk anaknya yang akan menikah, meskipun juga dilakukan untuk hal-hal yang lain. Prosesi ritual tersebut membutuhkan beberapa barang-barang yang digunakan sebagai simboolisasi harapan kepada Tuhan. Bagi masyarakat desa Jombok setiap barang memiliki makna filosofisnya seendiri. Ritual ruwatan tersebut merupakan perpaduan antara mitos Jawa Hindu dengan latar belakaan kisah Bathara Kala yang mencari korban disertai religi Islam dengan memanjatkan doa kepada Allah SWT yang disertai bertawasul dengan Nabi Muhammad, malaikat Jibril dan surat al-Ikhlas. Proses integrasi ini menunjukkan bahwa orang Jawa  sangat pandai meramu ajaran leluhur yang bernuansa Hindu-Kapitayan dengan nilai-nilai keislaman.
Konsep Al-‘Ilm Al-Ushuliy: Signifikansi Ushul Fiqh Dalam Paradigma Kesatuan Ilmu
Authors: Majid Ilham
Published: August 2024

Ushul fiqh as a discipline that constructs the basic principles of Islamic law has a deep significance for the paradigm of unity of Sciences. Conceptually, ushul fiqh is not only concerned with methods of legal reasoning but also serves as a philosophical foundation and practical reform in uniting the various branches of Islamic science. The unity of knowledge enables the integration of Islamic legal principles with global issues, social dynamics, contemporary problems and creates harmony between reason and revelation. Thus, a holistic understanding of ushul fiqh not only provides a theoretical basis for Islamic legal thought, but also enriches the people's insight in responding to the dynamics of the times.
OCCURRENCE OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF AN URBAN ARTIFICIAL LAKE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Sodré Fernando , Annunciação Daniel Luiz , Almeida Fernanda
Published: August 2024

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent flame retardants widely used in everyday materials, with the potential to leach out and contaminate indoors and receiving waters. Despite their well-documented ecological risks, there has been limited reporting on PBDE levels in sediments from Brazilian freshwaters, motivating the monitoring of sediments from Paranoá Lake, in the Brazilian capital. After sampling, extraction, and analysis of congeners BDE-28, -47, -66, -85, -99, -100, -138, -153, and -154 by gas chromatography with electron capture detection, Σ9PBDE levels ranged from 3.9 ± 0.2 to 19 ± 1 ng g-1 dw, with higher concentrations attributed to effluent discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), followed by the influence of storm drainage water contamination. The distribution of PBDE congeners suggested a predominant influence of the commercial pentaBDE formulation, likely DE-71. However, in points influenced by WWTPs, the prevalence of BDE-66 suggests biotic reductive debromination of high-brominated PBDE, possibly BDE-209, indicating the possible influence of the decabrominated formulation. The distribution of PBDEs in the environment, estimated using the EQC (equilibrium criterion) model, level I, indicated low concentrations in the water column, but also noteworthy levels in biota and sediment precursor materials. Finally, preliminary ecological risk assessment indicated the need for future further surveys.
Predictors of Gross Motor Function Level in Spastic Type Cerebral Palsy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ayaz Taş Seda , Yakıt Yeşilyurt Seda , Birinci Olgun Tansu , Danış Ayşegül
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the predictors of gross motor function in spastic-type Cerebral Palsy (CP) over two years.
Methods: 108 children with spastic-type CP (mean age: 6.43±4.83 years) underwent two assessments over two years. The outcomes were the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), Communication Function Classification System (CFCS), and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether factors such as age, sex, topographical distribution, and levels of GMFCS, MACS, CFCS, and EDACS could predict the improvement in GMFCS level after two years of physiotherapy.
Results: Compared to the children with CFCS Level I, children with CFCS Level II, Level III, and Level IV were 0.001, 0.005, and 0.006 times less likely to improve in GMFCS level, respectively. Similarly, children with EDACS Level III and Level IV were respectively 1.605 and 1.548 times less likely to improve in GMFCS level compared to those with Level I. Those with EDACS levels IV and V remained stable for two years in all age groups.
Conclusion: CFCS and EDACS were significant predictors of gross motor function level in spastic-type CP. Healthcare professionals can use CFCS and EDACS to predict the progression of gross motor function levels, thereby providing more appropriate interventions and more realistic predictions.
Потенциал конвергентной медиа-информационной среды современной школы как пространства профессионального самоопределения
Authors: Kravtsov Aleksei Olegovich
Published: August 2024

The article reflects the intermediate results of experimental work on the topic "Design-ing professional self-determination in a convergent and media information environ-ment. The novelty of the proposed article is determined by the fact that the authors use a convergent media and information environment as a space for professional self-determination and offer practical approaches to the implementation of the process of professional self-determination in this environment
Synthesis and Anti-proliferative, Tyrosine Kinases Inhibitions of New Xanthene Derivatives and their Morphological Studies
Authors: Mohareb Rafat M. , Ahmed Maken Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Background:

In the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, the anti-cancer activity of such
compounds received great attention. For both medicinal and industrial studies,, xanthene derivatives
are important compounds that have had many applications that have enhanced their use in recent
years. Xanthene and its derivatives are extensively used scaffolds in drug designing and the development
of novel anti-cancer agents due to their large pharmaceutical applications.

Objective:

The 3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-xanthen-1-one was used to synthesise anti-cancer
agents of fused pyran, pyridine, pyridazine, and thiophene derivatives. As the potentially privileged
scaffolds, xanthene-fused bicyclic heterocycles may be used to discover new drugs
with similar biological targets and improved therapeutic efficacy.

Method:

The key starting compound 3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-xanthen-1-one was used in many
heterocyclization reactions through its reactions with different reagents like aryldiazonium salts,
reaction with S8 and producing fused tetracyclic compounds.

Results:

Through this work, new compounds were synthesized and, characterized, and evaluated
toward the six cancer cell lines, namely A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, and SMMC-7721 and
H460. The inhibitions on tyrosine kinases c-Kit, Flt-3, VEGFR-2, EGFR, and PDGFR for selected
compounds were studied and the results were supplied by studying the mechanism of action toward
EGFR. Furthermore, the morphological changes of selected cell lines by the effect of compounds 6b
and 13c were studied.

Conclusion:

We focused our attention on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds based on xanthene
moiety. After a detailed optimization study, many of the synthesized compounds can be considered
anticancer agents, enhancing further studies.
Recent Progress of Deep Learning Methods for RBP Binding Sites
Prediction on circRNA
Authors: Wang Zhengfeng , Lei Xiujuan , Zhang Yuchen , Wu Fang-Xiang , Pan Yi
Published: August 2024

The interaction between circular RNA (circRNA) and RNA binding protein (RBP) plays
an important biological role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Highthroughput
biological experimental methods such as CLIP-seq can effectively analyze the interaction
between the two, but biological experiments are inefficient and expensive, and they can only
capture binding sites of a specific RBP on circRNA in a selected cell environment at a time. These
biological experiments still rely on downstream data analysis to understand the mechanisms behind
many biological structures and physiological processes. However, the rapid growth of experimental
data dimensions and production speed pose challenges to traditional analysis methods. In recent
years, deep learning has made great progress in the genome and transcriptome, and some deep learning
prediction algorithms for RBP binding sites on circRNA have also emerged. In this paper, we
briefly introduce some biological background knowledge related to circRNA-RBP interaction; present
relevant deep learning techniques in this field, including the problem formulation, data source,
sequence encoding, deep learning model and overall process of RBP binding sites prediction on
circRNA; deeply analyze the current deep learning methods. Finally, some problems existing in the
current research and the direction of future research are discussed. It is hoped to help researchers
without basic knowledge of deep learning or basic biological background quickly understand the
RBP binding sites prediction on circRNA.
Care Nursing in Immune Disorder Assessment among Adult Oncology Patients:
A Scoping Review
Authors: Vitale Elsa , Bilgehan Tuğba , Fanizzi Annarita , Bove Samantha , Comes Maria Colomba , Massafra Raffaella , İnkaya Bahar
Published: August 2024

Background:

International guidelines recommend a pathway for preferable nursing handling
in a specific cancer topic, like chemotherapy toxicity, low adhesion in toxicity reported with
a consequential increase in adverse events (AEs) frequency, poorer QoL outcomes, and increased
use of healthcare service until death. Unpredictability, postponed reports, and incapability to access
healthcare services can compromise toxicity-related effects by including patients’ safety. In
this scenario, a more attentive nursing intervention can improve patients’ outcomes and decrease
costs for healthcare services, respectively. The present scoping review aims to describe and synthesize
scientific care nursing evidence assessment in oncology patients.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Nursing & Allied Health Database, and British Nursing were the
databases examined. Keywords used and associated with Boolean operators were assessment,
care, nursing, immune disorder, oncology, and patient. Research articles considered were published
between 2013-2023. All systematic processes were performed according to the PRISMA
procedure in order to reach all manuscripts considered in the present scoping review.

Results:

The Embase database showed a total of 25 articles, PubMed displayed 77, the Nursing &
Allied Health Database evidenced a total of 74, and the British Nursing database showed 252 records.
Then, after a first revision in each database by considering the inclusion criteria, the abovementioned
titles and abstracts were selected and, 336 records were removed, and 92 studies remained.
Of these, 65 manuscripts were excluded after verifying abstracts. Finally, a total of 7 articles
were carefully analysed and selected for this scoping review. Specifically, 2 articles belonged
to the British Nursing Database, 3 articles belonged to Embase, 1 to the Nursing & Allied Health
Database and one related to PubMed.

Conclusion:

Oncology nursing should consider several aspects, such as therapy-related toxicity
and its related morbidity and mortality, worsening levels of quality of life, and increasing duty by
the healthcare organization or endorsements for the principal symptoms and signs which may anticipate
few diseases and worst clinical conditions, too. Therefore, careful monitoring may allow
prompt recognition and subsequent earlier management in the treatment efficacy.
Inorganic Nanomaterials for the Light-Driven Antimicrobial Therapy Applications
Authors: Kandoth Noufal , Das Amitava
Published: August 2024

Bacterial and biofilm infections remain a leading cause of global mortality, prompting a shift beyond conventional antibiotic drug development due
to the rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This mini-review delves into giving a brief understanding of the realm of metal-containing
nanomaterials, emphasizing their potential in antimicrobial phototherapy free from bacterial resistance. The focus extends to transition metalincorporated
materials as a tool to induce photoredox properties akin to photoredox catalysis. Despite highlighting the promise of such materials,
the review also addresses concerns regarding biosafety for their in vivo applications. Nonetheless, the utilization of multifaceted photoredox
strategies leveraging diverse metal oxidation states, alongside the advantageous light-driven physicochemical attributes of nanosystems, show
promise for combatting challenging pathogenic infections using inorganic materials.
influence of organizational culture and training on employee performance at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan and Bangka Belitung Bank Sumsel Babel
Authors: Pramita Adistia , Widiyanti Marlina , Yusuf Muhammad , Hadjri Muhammad Ichsan
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to determine the effect of organizational culture and training on employee performance at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan and Bangka Belitung (Bank Sumsel Babel). The population in this study were all employees at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan and Bangka Belitung (Bank Sumsel Babel) in 2023 as many as 586 employees at the operational headquarters of Jakabaring Palembang. Based on calculations using the Slovin formula, the sample who became respondents in this study became 123 employees of PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan and Bangka Belitung at the Jakabaring Palembang operational headquarters in 2023 using the random sampling method. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that organizational culture and training have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Organizational culture, it is hoped that the role of leaders who are able to lead team members transparently and fairly makes relationships between fellow employees can be well established. Training, it is hoped that training can be provided to employees where these employees need to develop skills and abilities that can support work.
Cirebon Regional Government Policy To Protect Child Victims Of Sexual Violence
Authors: Waluyadi Waluyadi , Marlina Tina , Gumilang Iwan G. , Indriyanti Diah Irwany , Genuni Rianda Yuniarsih
Published: August 2024

This paper examines victims from the standpoint of criminal law, as well as the Cirebon Regency government’s policy and implementation for protecting child victims of sexual violence based on a sociolegal method supported by primary and secondary data. Data collection is based on literature studies, documentary studies, and interviews. Research data were analysed based on a qualitative method. The findings of the study reveal that victim protection in criminal law is indirect. The Cirebon Regency government established regional regulations, regent regulations, and regent instructions to protect child victims of sexual violence. A non-governmental organisation in the Cirebon Regency shows concern about child victim protection since the protection of child victims of sexual violence in the Cirebon Regency has not been appropriately implemented.
Algorithm for constructing an arbitrary route on a discrete plane and its executable description
Authors: Kuznetsov A. L. , Gryzlov V. Yu. , Uami A.
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, modeling, in particular simulation, is becoming one of the most common methods of analysis and design in the field of transport. A large number of tasks in this area are related to the construction and study of the characteristics of routes on a plane. The use of computers as a tool for this first and foremost requires the creation of adequate and efficient ways to represent these routes in waters and territories in a computing environment. The classic representation of this kind is discrete space, in which each element of the physical surface is one-to-one mapped to the element in the computer memory. As a result, a rectangular array of data is correlated with the real physical space, each element of which contains certain properties of the original object selected for modeling, the composition of which is determined by the specifics of the task. This method of representation is considered to be the most efficient from a computational point of view. At the same time, it has a significant drawback, which is explained by the different nature of the properties of the original object and its computer model, namely, the continuity and discreteness of the basic representations. Any curves and even straight lines that are not orthogonal to the coordinate system are depicted in the form of stepped fragments, which can sometimes lead to the loss of the most basic characteristics. The most obvious example is the difference in these representations of distances, or proximity metrics: Euclidean and Manhattan. In addition, the digitization of curvilinear objects, understood as their transfer from a continuous geometric plane to a discrete space, is a complex and ambiguously solvable task. An efficient and objective algorithm used to solve this problem is described in the paper.
Multi–criteria assessment of the combined shipments container transportation possibility
Authors: Izotov O. A.
Published: August 2024

The topic of the study is the organization of combined shipments transportation using container technologies, which is a complex multi-purpose decision-making task both technically and economically. The complexity of this task is due to the fact that when choosing an option, making a decision on transportation, many criteria and requirements, which often conflict with each other, have to be taken into account. It is noted that currently almost all mathematical methods for optimizing transport processes are designed to find the extremum of one objective function. Therefore, in the course of solving transport problems, multi-purpose tasks are often reduced to single-purpose ones and, as a rule, lead to a distortion of the problem essence and, as a result, to the substitution of one task for another. At the same time, in modern transport science, there is no established approach as to which transportation indicators should be considered alternative when solving problems with several target functions, since they tend to minimize the set of acceptable options at various points. A method based on making compromise decisions is considered in the paper. It consists in organizing transportation based on a balanced decision, in which, in a certain proportion, all accounting factors for organizing the combined shipments transportation from the marine terminal territory to the interior of the mainland using established and promising technology for applying new means of cargo consolidation, namely, cargo delivery range using container technologies, transportation cost and time. When using this method, it is assumed that not an unambiguous answer, but a whole range of rational proposals for decision-making by the responsible person will be received.
Escaneo científico sobre estado actual de la investigación científica en coca (Erythroxylum coca)
Authors: Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando
Published: August 2024

Las plantas han sido una fuente esencial de la medicina humana durante milenios, la planta de coca (Erythroxylum coca) ha sido históricamente reconocida tanto por sus usos tradicionales en diversas culturas indígenas de América del Sur como por su controversia en el ámbito internacional por ser fuente de muchos alcaloides y flavonoides medicinales, incluido el clorhidrato de cocaína. Sin embargo, más allá de su notoriedad, la coca posee un conjunto de biocompuestos activos con un alto potencial medicinal y anestésico. El enfoque de este escaneo se centra en proporcionar información sobre el estado actual de la investigación científica en coca y sus derivados como planta medicinal, utilizando la vigilancia científica como herramienta clave para la gestión de información. A través de este enfoque, se pretende identificar y mapear las tendencias emergentes y consolidadas en la investigación global (modelos, software).
Diagnostic Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in Endoscopy: Umbrella Review
Authors: Zha Bowen , Cai Angshu , Wang Guiqi
Published: August 2024

Background

Some research has already reported the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence (AI) in different endoscopy outcomes. However, the evidence is confusing and of varying quality.

Objective

This review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the credibility of the evidence of AI’s diagnostic accuracy in endoscopy.

Methods

Before the study began, the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023483073). First, 2 researchers searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library using comprehensive search terms. Then, researchers screened the articles and extracted information. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) to evaluate the quality of the articles. When there were multiple studies aiming at the same result, we chose the study with higher-quality evaluations for further analysis. To ensure the reliability of the conclusions, we recalculated each outcome. Finally, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the credibility of the outcomes.

Results

A total of 21 studies were included for analysis. Through AMSTAR2, it was found that 8 research methodologies were of moderate quality, while other studies were regarded as having low or critically low quality. The sensitivity and specificity of 17 different outcomes were analyzed. There were 4 studies on esophagus, 4 studies on stomach, and 4 studies on colorectal regions. Two studies were associated with capsule endoscopy, two were related to laryngoscopy, and one was related to ultrasonic endoscopy. In terms of sensitivity, gastroesophageal reflux disease had the highest accuracy rate, reaching 97%, while the invasion depth of colon neoplasia, with 71%, had the lowest accuracy rate. On the other hand, the specificity of colorectal cancer was the highest, reaching 98%, while the gastrointestinal stromal tumor, with only 80%, had the lowest specificity. The GRADE evaluation suggested that the reliability of most outcomes was low or very low.

Conclusions

AI proved valuabe in endoscopic diagnoses, especially in esophageal and colorectal diseases. These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing and evaluating AI-assisted systems, which are aimed at assisting endoscopists in carrying out examinations, leading to improved patient health outcomes. However, further high-quality research is needed in the future to fully validate AI’s effectiveness.
Health Information Organizations’ Role in Expanding Public Health Data Exchange: Results from a National Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Rosenthal Sarah , Adler-Milstein Julia , Patel Vaishali
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed major gaps in public health agencies’ (PHAs) data and reporting infrastructure which limited public health officials’ ability to conduct disease surveillance, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities disproportionally affected by the pandemic. Leveraging existing Health Information Exchange Organizations (HIOs) is one possible mechanism to close these technical gaps as HIOs facilitate health information sharing across organizational boundaries.

OBJECTIVE

To assess current HIO connectivity with PHAs and HIOs’ capabilities to support public health data exchange.

METHODS

We conducted a nationwide survey of all HIOs in 2023 to capture current and potential support for PHAs. We report descriptive statistics on services and data available to support PHAs, funding sources, and barriers to public health reporting.

RESULTS

Of the 135 HIOs that received the survey, 90 were determined to be eligible, and 77 completed the survey, yielding an 86% response rate. Of the 66 (86%) of HIOs in 45 states electronically connected to PHAs. Among HIOs connected to PHAs, the most common public health reporting supported by HIOs was immunization registry (64% of HIOs), electronic laboratory result (63%), and syndromic surveillance (61%). 58% of HIOs connected to PHAs provided data to address COVID-19 information gaps, and 64% provided at least one type of data analytic service to PHAs to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Top HIO reported barriers to support PHA activities included limited PHA funding (32% of HIOs) and PHAs’ competing priorities (23%).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results show that many HIOs are already connected to PHAs and that they are assuming an emerging role to facilitate public health reporting. HIOs are well-positioned to provide value-added support for public health data exchange and address PHA’s information gaps as ongoing federal efforts to modernize public health data infrastructure and interoperability continue.
Vitamin D as a potential therapeutic agent for locally advanced breast cancer (literature review)
Authors: Fedosenko M.V. , Zotov O.S. , Vereshchako R.I.
Published: August 2024

The authors have studied, analyzed, and summarized the data from publications of recent decades regarding the effect of vitamin D on the outcomes of breast cancer treatment, the place and role of its active form and metabolites at the stages of carcinogenesis, in vivo and in vitro manifestations of its “non-classical” effects, prediction of the possible practical application of the results obtained at the molecular-cellular level. Studying the potential influence of vitamin D on the effectiveness of systemic therapy for breast cancer occupies an impor­tant place in modern research. The connection between vitamin D deficiency and breast cancer is a field of extensive debate that continues on many aspects (risk factors, predictors, treatment effectiveness, survival). In this literature review, which included studies different in design and sampling, we attempted to systematize the results obtained in recent years on this topic and to evaluate their potential implementation in clinical practice. Particularly noteworthy are scientific works of various designs devoted to identifying the potential predictive influence of initial and final vitamin D levels on the success of neoadjuvant treatment and enhancement of tumor response in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The systematized data obtained serve as a vector for further scientific research among patients with breast cancer in Ukraine.
The relationship of cholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone with metabolic disorders in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Semіaniv M.M. , Sydorchuk L.P. , Yarynych Yu.M. , Daruvuri Sai Praveen , Semenenko S.B. , Sydorchuk O.I.
Published: August 2024

Background. Essential hypertension (EH) is a complex, multifactorial and polygenic disease. Despite effective measures for control and modification of traditional risk factors, a significant amount of risk remains. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in clinical parameters and to analyze the relationship of cholecalciferol, parathyroid hormone with anthropometric, metabolic parameters in patients with EH. Materials and methods. One hundred subjects with EH and target organ damage (stage 2), moderate, high, very high cardiovascular risk were enrolled in case-control study. Control group consisted of 60 healthy subjects matched for sex and age. Pearson’s test was used to determine the relationship between parameters in case of categorical variables; analysis of variance (ANOVA) when one of the variables is categorical and the other is numerical (interval); non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test in case of abnormal array distribution. Results. Development and course of EH is characterized by clinical, hemodynamic, metabolic abnormalities that are nonlinearly exacerbated with the severity of hypertension. Correlation analysis showed a direct relationship between body weight and waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.76–0.88; р < 0.001); systolic blood pressure is moderately directly correlated with waist circumference (WC) (r = 0.38; р < 0.05); total cholesterol is strongly associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.93; р < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is inversely associated with WC (r = –0.40; р < 0.05) and triacylglycerol levels (r = –0.41; р < 0.001), and cholecalciferol concentration is negatively marginally associated with body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (r = –0.41/–0.38; р < 0.05). ANOVA confirmed that plasma cholecalciferol was associated with body weight (F = 6.48; р = 0.013), height (F = 4.33; р = 0.04), WC (χ2 = 15.93; р < 0.001), blood glucose (χ2 = 10.66; р = 0.001) and HDL-С (F = 6.53; р = 0.012). Reliable relationship between parathyroid hormone and waist-to-hip ratio was found (χ2 = 6.86; р = 0.032). Conclusions. In EH patients, plasma cholecalciferol significantly correlates with body weight, height, WC, glucose level, HDL-С. Parathyroid hormone has a significant and direct relationship with waist-to-hip ratio.
Roy Adaptation Model-based adjustment scale in patients with type 2 diabetes: a scale development study
Authors: Kavuran Esin , Çapik Canturk , Ali Aydin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Background. In order to prevent complications in diabetes mellitus, it is expected that the individual should regulate his diet and physical activity according to diabetes, apply medication correctly and monitor himself. Living with a chronic disease requires paying attention to bodily stimuli, carefully planning daily living activities, and developing new strategies. The purpose of this study is to develop a measurement tool based on the Roy Adaptation Model that measures the level of adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. The methodologically planned study was conducted in 298 patients who applied to the Endocrinology Clinic of a university hospital between June 2018 and May 2019. Patient information form and draft scale were used to collect data. In the study, first of all, an item pool was created and sent to 10 experts for evaluation. The study, which was applied as a pilot to 30 participants, was then applied to the original sample. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis was used to determine the construct validity, and the suitability of the data set for analysis was evaluated with KMO and Bartlett tests. Cronbach’s α coefficient and item-total correlations were used to determine the internal validity of the scale. Evaluation of the data was done with SPSS 17 and LISREL 8.8 package programs. Results. The KGI score of the item pool sent to 10 experts was determined as 0.90. As a result of expert opinion and pilot implementation, the number of items decreased to 52. KMO value of the scale was determined as 0.874, Bartlett value as x2 = 9040.243, p = 0.000. It was found that the factor loads of all items of the scale were above 0.30, the total explained variance was 53.33 %, and it consisted of four sub-dimensions. In confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined as x2/SD 3.54, GFI 0.89, AGFI 0.87, CFI 1.00, RMSEA 0.079 and SRMR 0.080, and the number of items decreased to 39. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale with four sub-dimensions and 39 items is 0.899, and all item-total score correlations were positive. Conclusions. Roy Adaptation Model-based adjustment scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to evaluate adherence to treatment in type 2 diabetes patients.
Increase in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio as one of the earliest markers of renal damage in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Koval S.M. , Rieznik L.A. , Starchenko T.G. , Miloslavsky D.K.
Published: August 2024

Background. The combination of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a particularly high risk of cardiovascular and renal complications. In accordance with current international guidelines, two criteria are used to diagnose chronic kidney disease (CKD): estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). However, at present, the nature and stages of changes in urine ACR and their relationship with changes in eGFR in hypertensive patients with T2DM have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose was to investigate the frequency and severity of increased urine ACR in hypertensive patients with T2DM. Materials and methods. We examined 44 patients with stage II hypertension grade 2–3 and T2DM aged 40 to 64 years: 20 (45 %) men, 24 (55 %) women. The examination was carried out using standard clinical, anthropometric, laboratory and instrumental methods. Diagnosis of hypertension, T2DM, cardiovascular diseases, their risk factors, CKD and categories of changes in eGFR and albuminuria were assessed in accordance with European and Ukrainian guidelines. eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation, taking into account serum creatinine levels; albuminuria was diagnosed by assessing ACR in the morning urine. Results. When analyzing changes in eGFR, 41 % of hypertensive patients with T2DM had a decrease in eGFR to G3a category, which indicates the presence of kidney damage as a target organ. Analysis of changes in urine ACR allows us to identify kidney damage as a target organ (a moderate increase in urine ACR to A2 category) in a significantly larger proportion of patients — 65 % of people. A moderate increase in urine ACR is diagnosed not only in most hypertensive patients with T2DM with a decrease in eGFR to G3a category (89 % of cases), but also in 55 % of individuals with a slight decrease in eGFR (G2 category), as well as in 25 % of patients with normal or high eGFR. Determining the risk of CKD progression based on simultaneous analysis of eGFR and urine ACR indicates that the vast majority of hypertensive patients with T2DM (72 %) have an increased risk of CKD progression, and only less than a third can be classified as those at risk of CKD progression. Conclusions. An increase in urine ACR can be considered as an earlier marker of kidney damage in hypertensive patients with T2DM than a decrease in eGFR, determined by the level of creatinine in the blood serum. Evaluation of urine ACR should be carried out in addition to the determination of eGFR in all patients in this category in order to diagnose kidney damage as early as possible and predict the risk of CKD progression and cardiovascular complications.