bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diätetik in der Psychiatrie – Ernährungsumstellung als Grundbaustein für psychisches Wohlbefinden
Authors: Gebhardt Nicole
Published: May 2024

Viel zu selten werden Patient*innen mit einer psychiatrischen Erkrankung von Ernährungsfachkräften beziehungsweise Diätassistent*innen bezüglich der Ernährung beraten oder geschult. Dabei kann die Ernährungstherapie – als ganzheitlicher Ansatz für eine medizinische Behandlung durch speziell geschultes Personal – eine Chance für Patient*innen sein, um langfristig zu gesunden und bestimmten Erkrankungen vorzubeugen.
Wie wirkt sich die Arbeit mit jungen Menschen mit einer Essstörung auf das Personal aus?
Authors: von Erffa Johanna , Stern Julia
Published: May 2024

Essstörungen sind weltweit verbreitet und nehmen stetig zu. Auf Station liegt der Fokus immer darauf, dass die Patient*innen genesen. Doch wie wirkt es sich auf das behandelnde Personal aus, kontinuierlich mit jugendlichen Patient*innen mit einer Essstörung zu arbeiten? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wurden Interviews mit vier Pflegenden geführt und deren Erfahrungen mit wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen verglichen.
Best Practice im Klimamanagement
Authors: Eder Tobias
Published: May 2024

Es dürfen, es müssen aber nicht unbedingt immer gleich die umfangreichen, teuren Maßnahmen angestoßen
werden, um die CO2-Bilanz einer Klinik zu reduzieren: Erfahren Sie hier, was Sie samt Kollegen
unkompliziert im Klinikalltag dazu beitragen könnten.
Die Behandlung in zertifizierten Brustkrebszentren verbessert die Überlebenschancen von Patient*innen mit Brustkrebs
Authors: Schoffer Olaf , Wimberger Pauline , Gerken Michael , Bierbaum Veronika , Bobeth Christoph , Rößler Martin , Dröge Patrik , Ruhnke Thomas , Günster Christian , Kleihues-van Tol Kees , Link Theresa , Scharl Anton , Inwald Elisabeth C. , Kast Karin , Papathemelis Thomas , Ortmann Olaf , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Schmitt Jochen
Published: May 2024

Zertifizierte Brustkrebszentren bieten spezifische Qualitätsstandards für die Struktur, Diagnostik und Behandlungsverfahren, beispielsweise der Mammachirurgie, medikamentösen
Tumortherapie, Strahlentherapie und psychosozialen Unterstützung, mit dem Ziel, die Behandlungsergebnisse für Brustkrebspatient*innen zu verbessern. Die Frage ist jedoch, ob Patient*innen mit
primärem Brustkrebs ein längeres Überleben haben, wenn sie in einem zertifizierten Brustkrebszentrum behandelt werden, im Vergleich zur Behandlung außerhalb dieser Zentren.

Wir verwendeten patient*innenspezifische Informationen (demografische Merkmale, Diagnosen, Behandlungen) aus den Daten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) und klinischer
Krebsregister (KKR) für den Zeitraum 2009–2017 sowie Krankenhausmerkmale aus den Standardisierten Qualitätsberichten. Wir untersuchten mittels multivariabler Cox-Regressionen Unterschiede im
Überleben zwischen Patient*innen, die in Kliniken mit und ohne Zertifizierung als Brustkrebszentrum der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) behandelt wurden.

Die Stichprobe umfasste 143720 (GKV-Daten) bzw. 59780 (KKR-Daten) Patient*innen mit Brustkrebs, die in 1010 Krankenhäusern behandelt wurden (280 DKG-zertifiziert, 730 nicht
DKG-zertifiziert). 63,5% (GKV-Daten) bzw. 66,7% (KKR-Daten) der Patient*innen wurden in DKG-zertifizierten Brustkrebszentren behandelt. Cox-Regressionen für das Gesamtüberleben, bei denen
Patienten- und Krankenhausmerkmale berücksichtigt wurden, ergaben ein signifikant niedrigeres Sterberisiko für Patient*innen, die in DKG-zertifizierten Brustkrebszentren behandelt wurden
(GKV-Daten: HR = 0,77, 95%-KI = 0,74–0,81; KKR-Daten: HR = 0,88, 95%-KI = 0,85–0,92). Dieses Ergebnis blieb auch in mehreren Sensitivitätsanalysen stabil, einschließlich stratifizierter
Schätzungen für Untergruppen von Patient*innen und Krankenhäusern. Für das rezidivfreie Überleben war der Effekt noch stärker ausgeprägt (KKR-Daten: HR = 0,78, 95%-KI = 0,74–0,82).

Patient*innen, die von einem interdisziplinären Team in einem DKG-zertifizierten Brustkrebszentrum behandelt wurden, wiesen ein deutlich und statistisch signifikant verbessertes Überleben
auf. Die Zertifizierung ist somit ein wirksames Mittel zur Verbesserung der Versorgungsqualität, und es sollten mehr Patient*innen in zertifizierten Brustkrebszentren behandelt werden.
Why Deep Plane Face and Neck Lifting Results in the Maximum Short- and Long-term Results? My Primary Choice for Rhytidectomy in My Practice
Authors: Batniji Rami K.
Published: May 2024

I converted to the extended deep plane facelift and neck lift with a shorter skin flap elevation in the face to achieve a more complete release of the facial ligaments to obtain more mobilization of the skin/superficial musculoaponeurotic system composite flap, and a more medial suspension resulting in improved correction of the midface, nasolabial fold, marionette fold and jowl. Treatment of the deep neck structures allowed for more refinement of the submentum in the deep neck lift procedures as well. In this article, we shall review the surgical technique of the deep plane facelift and neck lift as well as postoperative management pearls, the management of complications from the procedure, and the incorporation of ancillary procedures.
Background Factors Associated with Postoperative Complications in Patients with Advanced Hypopharyngeal Cancers Undergoing Total Pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy Followed by Free Jejunal Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Fujimura Shintaro , Suzuki Hideaki , Ohkubo Jun-ichi , Hori Ryusuke
Published: May 2024

We retrospectively analyzed background factors associated with postoperative complications in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancers who underwent total pharyngolaryngectomy followed by free jejunal flap reconstruction. A total of 23 participants, including 21 men and 2 women aged 49 to 83 years (average 72.3 years) were enrolled in this study. Mild and moderate/severe complications occurred in five and seven cases, respectively. The most common complication was stricture of the esophagojejunal anastomosis (nine cases). Other complications included two tracheostomal stenosis, one each for pneumonia and chyle leakage. The free jejunal flap survived in all cases. The disease-free survival rate was 47.8% at 52 weeks after surgery. The platelet count was significantly lower (18.8 ± 1.9 × 104/mL vs. 27.7 ± 1.8 × 104/mL; p = 0.008) in patients with moderate/severe complications than in those without. The percentage of stage IV cases and intraoperative blood loss tended to be higher in patients with complications than in those without. Knowledge of these potential risk factors for the development of postoperative complications to satisfactorily manage the clinical course of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancers is necessary.
Driving the EU working conditions directive: social partner reactivity and the limits to commission entrepreneurship
Authors: Mailand Mikkel
Published: May 2024

The EU’s social dimension has been strengthened since the mid-2010s. Recent research has shown how Commission entrepreneurship in meta-governance such as the European Pillar of Social Rights and the European Semester turned existing regulation in a more ‘social’ direction or led to new regulation strengthening Social Europe. This article asks whether the Commission also stands out as the most important actor in initiatives focused exclusively on working conditions and if the European social partners also in these are secondary reactive actors. Focusing on a recent case where the social partners had a treaty-based right to bargain—the Working Conditions Directive—the article confirms the Commission’s dominance and the reactivity of the social partners. The choice not to bargain reduces the social partners to lobbyists attempting to influence other key actors. However, the case also shows the limits to Commission entrepreneurship in that EU member states and the European Parliament were able to influence the outcome in important ways.
Listen to your heart
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: May 2024

Mapping blood vessels in the ear is a crucial first step in developing ear-based health monitors.
A revised double-slit experiment to explore the mechanism of photon wavefunction collapse by numerical design
Authors: Wang Ankai , Zhang Jixuan , Zou Shengli
Published: May 2024

The double-slit experiment has long been pivotal in understanding matter’s wave–particle duality. A central question revolves around Born’s interpretation of wavefunction whether a single photon demonstrates a 50% probability of passing through each slit individually as particles or simultaneously traverses both as waves. Experimentally, once the photon’s path is detected, the observer effect causes its wavefunction to collapse, rendering the results inconclusive. Designing an experiment to minimize instrumental involvement during the wavefunction collapse of photons, while aiming to gain insight into its collapse mechanism, becomes necessary. We propose a revised experiment that replaces the traditional setup with two Au nanoparticles acting as observers, triggering photon collapse before spectrum collection. In single-photon scenarios, we consider two assumptions: first, the photon wavefunctions collapse into a particle and transfer energy to one of the nanoparticles exclusively, and second, the photon acts as a wave, splitting and transferring its energy to two nanoparticles simultaneously, which does not align well with Born’s interpretation of wavefunction as spatial probabilities. These two assumptions would generate distinctly different spectra. Conversely, in high-intensity experiments, both nanoparticles collectively undergo excitation, regardless of the collapse mechanism. A comparative analysis of scattering spectra under the two conditions reveals crucial insights into the genuine nature of photon collapse. We also proposed using two molecules attached to a metal nanoparticle as an alternative design. Whether affirming or refuting the observer effect, this research holds promise for resolving the theoretical debate surrounding the collapse of wavefunctions and advancing quantum computing and communication fields.
Characterization of partial discharge decomposition of SF6/N2 gas mixture with different microwater contents
Authors: Gao Shan , Xiao Hanyan , Ding Ran , Yin Ze , Zhuang Tianxin , Li Hongtao , Zhan Ao , Ye Fanchao
Published: May 2024

The SF6/N2 gas mixture as a preliminary alternative to SF6 is used in the power industry gas insulation medium. At present, the application of the 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture has made some progress, but the influence law of microwater content on its discharge decomposition characteristics is still unclear. In this paper, we simulate the defects of metal protrusions in the equipment through needle-plate electrodes, carry out SF6/N2 96hPD and its decomposition characteristic test under different microwater contents, and find that the increase of the microwater content in the SF6/N2 gas mixture will exacerbate the phenomenon of PD, resulting in the enhancement of the average discharge, and under the action of prolonged PD, more characteristic decomposition products will be generated, of which the SOF2 content is the highest, which can be as one of the characteristic components for fault severity judgment. This study provides a certain reference for the specific requirements of the microwater content of the SF6/N2 gas mixture in power equipment.
3C-SiC phononic waveguide for manipulating mechanical wave propagation
Authors: Lee Jaesung , Wang Yanan , Zorman Christian A. , Feng Philip X.-L.
Published: May 2024

We present experimental demonstration and modeling of mechanical wave propagation in a quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) phononic crystal (PnC) waveguide (WG) constructed from a periodic array of single-crystal cubic-silicon carbide (3C-SiC) coupled micromechanical resonators, with an exceptional dynamic range exceeding 92 dB. The PnC design comprises 50 periodic cells, enabling the propagation of flexural mechanical waves in high-frequency and very-high-frequency bands, featuring a broad PnC bandgap spanning approximately 24–27.5 MHz. Furthermore, the 3C-SiC PnC WG exhibits excellent characteristics, including a high group velocity of 350 m/s and a low transmission loss of 0.69 dB/mm, enabling efficient guidance and support for mechanical waves across extended distances before reaching the noise level of the device. These attributes of the PnC WG, as demonstrated in this study, may open possibilities for the development of device platforms with applications in on-chip signal processing, sensing, and quantum transducer technologies.
Resistive flexible strain sensor based on AgNWs-Gr-PDMS for wearable electronics
Authors: Wang Ruirong , Li Xiaohong , Chen Tong
Published: May 2024

In order to obtain a flexible strain sensor with higher sensitivity, a resistive flexible strain sensor based on the AgNWs-graphene-PDMS sensitive layer is prepared in this paper. This paper presents the preparation of a flexible sensitive layer, the preparation and encapsulation of the flexible strain sensor, and the performance tests of the sensor prepared with AgNWs-graphene (AgNWs-Gr) mixtures at different concentrations. The test results indicate that the prepared sensor has a wide detection range with a maximum stretchable length of 118%. The flexible strain sensor prepared with the AgNWs-Gr mixture at a concentration of 5% has the highest sensitivity and the maximum strain sensitivity of up to 236. It also has good repeatability, stability, and rapid response, and it has been tested for practical applications. The results show that the flexible strain sensor has a broad application prospect in fields such as wearable devices and intelligent robots.
The AMR Hub: a public–private partnership to overcome barriers to commercialisation and deliver antimicrobial stewardship innovations
Authors: Bonello Michelle , Applegate Tanya L. , Badman Steve , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Broom Alex , Field Paul , Hocking Jane S. , Huston Wilhelmina M. , Kong Fabian , Murray Gerald L. , Mokany Elisa , Pasricha Shivani , Todd Alison V. , Whiley David M. , Wiseman Virginia , Guy Rebecca ,   on behalf of investigators and partner investigators of the AMR Hub
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognised as one of the greatest scientific challenges of the 21st century, disproportionately affecting people living in low- and middle-income countries. With bacterial pathogens becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, there is an urgent need for innovative approaches to combat this growing threat. The World Health Organization has recognised this need and prioritised further research to enhance diagnostics, surveillance and our understanding the epidemiology and drivers of AMR. The Industrial Transformation Research Hub to Combat AMR, or the AMR Hub, is an Australian collaborative private–public research partnership involving over 20 organisations. It aims to foster multidisciplinary collaborations across sectors and develop wholistic solutions that address barriers to the commercialisation of tools to minimise the risks of AMR. The AMR Hub’s research is focusing on sexually transmitted infections, which are increasingly resistant to antibiotics and have few alternative candidates in the pipeline. Investigators are together developing novel diagnostics, optimising treatment, identifying tools to detect active bacterial infections, and engaging stakeholders to optimise AMR innovation. Through a multidisciplinary ecosystem across sectors, the AMR Hub seeks to fast-track the development of adaptable technologies, new antibiotics and stewardship innovations for prevention, while also addressing societal, economic and commercial aspects of AMR solutions.
The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Coombs Geoffrey W. , Daley Denise A. , Bell Jan M. , Mowlaboccus Shakeel , Iredell Jon R. ,   on behalf of the Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobials are an integral component of healthcare delivery. When resistance to an antimicrobial emerges, it has a significant impact on an individual’s treatment and the community more broadly. In Australia, to monitor antimicrobial resistance in human health, the Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs three ongoing blood-based antimicrobial surveillance programs: the Australian Staphylococcus aureus Surveillance Outcome Program (ASSOP); the Australian Enterococcal Surveillance Outcome Program (AESOP); and the Gram-negative Surveillance Outcome Program (GnSOP). All data are available on the AGAR website and are included in the Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care’s Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Australia Surveillance System.
New antibiotics to combat One Health AMR
Authors: Ogunniyi Abiodun David , Venter Henrietta , Blaskovich Mark A. T.
Published: May 2024

The rise of antimicrobial resistance has been accompanied by a decline in the development of new antibiotics. In this article, we explore the current state of affairs and trends in both human- and animal-related antibiotic development activity, with distinct differences between the two sectors.
Connecting the dots between a sustainability agenda, infection prevention and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Morgan Branwen S. , Synnott Emma-Leigh
Published: May 2024

Australia’s healthcare sector accounts for up to 7% of Australia’s carbon footprint. However, the sector has broader direct and indirect environmental impacts. There’s a balance to be struck between reducing environmental impact and optimising infection prevention and control strategies, which include minimising antimicrobial resistance. The discussion covers health service demand, low carbon care, patient-centred treatment, safe medication disposal and single use medical supplies, as well as wastewater with Australian-based examples. Barriers to implementation of a sustainability agenda include an already stretched health system and a disconnect between community health, hospital systems and processes and those who have the capital, capability and resources to drive these efforts. This article explores the environmental impacts of the healthcare system and current strategies to improve sustainability through the lens of infection prevention. This includes the potential unintended negative consequences for the prevention and management of antimicrobial resistance.
Advanced surface passivation for high-sensitivity studies of biomolecular condensates
Authors: Yao Run-Wen , Rosen Michael K.
Published: May 2024

Biomolecular condensates are cellular compartments that concentrate biomolecules without an encapsulating membrane. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the understanding of condensates through biochemical reconstitution and microscopic detection of these structures. Quantitative visualization and biochemical assays of biomolecular condensates rely on surface passivation to minimize background and artifacts due to condensate adhesion. However, the challenge of undesired interactions between condensates and glass surfaces, which can alter material properties and impair observational accuracy, remains a critical hurdle. Here, we introduce an efficient, broadly applicable, and simple passivation method employing self-assembly of the surfactant Pluronic F127 (PF127). The method greatly reduces nonspecific binding across a range of condensates systems for both phase-separated droplets and biomolecules in dilute phase. Additionally, by integrating PF127 passivation with the Biotin-NeutrAvidin system, we achieve controlled multipoint attachment of condensates to surfaces. This not only preserves condensate properties but also facilitates long-time fluorescence recovery after photobleaching imaging and high-precision single-molecule analyses. Using this method, we have explored the dynamics of polySIM molecules within polySUMO/polySIM condensates at the single-molecule level. Our observations suggest a potential heterogeneity in the distribution of available polySIM-binding sites within the condensates.
Layer-Valley Hall Effect under Inversion and Time-Reversal Symmetries
Authors: Zhao 赵 Jiaojiao 交交 , Liu 刘 Gui-Bin 贵斌 , Chen 陈 Peng 鹏 , Yao 姚 Yugui 裕贵 , Zhang 张 Guangyu 广宇 , Du 杜 Luojun 罗军
Published: May 2024

Hall effects have been the central paradigms in modern physics, materials science and practical applications, and have led to many exciting breakthroughs, including the discovery of topological Chern invariants and the revolution of metrological resistance standard. To date, the Hall effects have mainly focused on a single degree of freedom (DoF), and most of them require the breaking of spatial-inversion and/or time-reversal symmetries. Here we demonstrate a new type of Hall effect, i.e., layer-valley Hall effect, based on a combined layer-valley DoF characterized by the product of layer and valley indices. The layer-valley Hall effect has a quantum origin arising from the layer-valley contrasting Berry curvature, and can occur in nonmagnetic centrosymmetric crystals with both spatial-inversion and time-reversal symmetries, transcending the symmetry constraints of single DoF Hall effect based on the constituent layer or valley index. Moreover, the layer-valley Hall effect is highly tunable and shows a W-shaped pattern in response to the out-of-plane electric fields. Additionally, we discuss the potential detection approaches and material-specific design principles of layer-valley Hall effect. Our results demonstrate novel Hall physics and open up exotic paradigms for new research direction of layer-valleytronics that exploits the quantum nature of the coupled layer-valley DoF.
Shooting stars on schedule: synchronising re-entry of particles launched from a satellite
Authors: Blanco Philip R
Published: May 2024

The ALE-3 mission plans to create artificial ‘shooting stars’ in the upper atmosphere by launching pellets sequentially from a satellite in low Earth orbit. How does one arrange for all pellets to re-enter over the intended location simultaneously? Starting with conservation of energy and angular momentum, I derive a version of Kepler’s equation that gives time as a function of radial distance in an orbit, which can be used to find the transfer time from the pellet’s ejection to its re-entry as a function of its launch velocity. I show that for a given pellet ejection speed, there is a launch angle from the satellite that results in the fastest transfer time. I use these results to determine the pellets’ launch times and velocities for simultaneous arrival at a desired re-entry point. These results can be applied to de-orbiting any set of objects launched from a satellite, and use concepts that can be covered in an advanced undergraduate course in physics or aerospace engineering.
Integrating Python data analysis in an existing introductory laboratory course
Authors: Tufino Eugenio , Oss Stefano , Alemani Micol
Published: May 2024

In this article we describe how we successfully incorporated data analysis in Python in a first year laboratory course without significantly altering the course structure and without overburdening students. We show how we created and used carefully designed Jupyter Notebooks with exercises and physics application examples that allow students to master data analysis programming in the laboratory course. We use these Notebooks to guide students through the fundamentals of data handling and analysis in Python while performing simple experiments. We present our teaching approach and the developed materials. We discuss the effectiveness of our intervention based on the results from pre- and post-course questionnaires and students’ group work. The results presented give insights about advantages and challenges of introducing computation at the early stage of the curriculum in a laboratory course setting and are informative for other instructors and the physics education research community.
The effects of active learning on students’ sense of belonging and academic performance in introductory physics courses
Authors: Li Yangqiuting , Bernardi Rafael C , Burkholder Eric
Published: May 2024

Research-based active learning strategies have been shown to have positive effects on students’ learning in physics class. However, the exploration of active learning’s impact on students’ sense of belonging in physics classrooms remains limited. In this paper, we present our findings pertaining to students’ sense of belonging in an introductory physics course at a large public research university. This course was taught by three different instructors, one of whom integrated research-based active learning strategies, while the other two employed traditional lecture-based approaches. Our results show a statistically significant decrease in the sense of belonging among students in the traditionally taught classes, in contrast to a modest increase in students’ sense of belonging in the active learning class. Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant gender difference in students’ sense of belonging at the beginning of the course, which was closed by the end of the active learning class but persisted in the traditional classes. In addition, the active learning class exhibited a positive impact on students’ academic outcomes, and this effect was partially mediated by the sense of belonging. Our findings indicate that active learning classes, particularly those thoughtfully designed to foster inclusive environments, may benefit students’ sense of belonging and enhance their academic performance without relying on the use of specific belonging interventions.
Variance sum rule: proofs and solvable models
Authors: Di Terlizzi Ivan , Baiesi Marco , Ritort Felix
Published: May 2024

We derive, in more general conditions, a recently introduced variance sum rule (VSR) (Di Terlizzi et al 2024 Science
383 971) involving variances of displacement and force impulse for overdamped Langevin systems in a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS). This formula allows visualising the effect of nonequilibrium as a deviation of the sum of variances from normal diffusion 2Dt, with D the diffusion constant and t the time. From the VSR, we also derive formulas for the entropy production rate σ that, differently from previous results, involve second-order time derivatives of position correlation functions. This novel feature gives a criterion for discriminating strong nonequilibrium regimes without measuring forces. We then apply and discuss our results to three analytically solved models: a stochastic switching trap, a Brownian vortex, and a Brownian gyrator. Finally, we compare the advantages and limitations of known and novel formulas for σ in an overdamped NESS.
Higher-order anti-PT-symmetric self-injection locking micro-resonator optical gyroscope
Authors: Geng Jingtong , Li Yuwei
Published: May 2024

The higher-order anti-parity-time(APT)-symmetric self-injection locking micro-resonator optical gyroscope sensing mechanism is proposed. In the third-order APT-symmetric exceptional points(EP) gyroscope system, the frequency splitting induced by rotation is directly proportional to the cube root of the rotation rate. Furthermore, this solution exhibits real frequency splitting, the half-width at half-maximum(FHWM) and spectral power of the resonance curve remain unchanged. Compared with the second-order PT-symmetric optical gyroscope, the proposed rotation sensing mechanism reduces the detection complexity and enhances the beat frequency detection accuracy, resulting in a sensitivity increase of at least one order of magnitude when the speed to be measured is less than 105 °/h. Moreover, the structure incorporates the self-injection locking signal processing method, thereby streamlining the system architecture and reducing both the cost and volume of the gyroscope. This sensing mechanism further improves the on-chip ultra-sensitive rotation sensing scheme and will contribute to the design of quantum gyroscopes.
Numerical investigation of high-order harmonic generation by gold nanorod arrays in hybrid nanostructures: effect of number of gold nanorod
Authors: Peymani Fatemeh , Bahari Ali
Published: May 2024

Hybrid metal-dielectric nanostructures are highly effective and helpful in generating and enhancing linear and nonlinear optical phenomena due to their unique optical properties. In this study, the linear optical responses and second- and third-order harmonics have been calculated numerically for this structure. Nonlinear optical response efficiency has been studied at the resonance wavelengths of the nanostructure by varying its parameters (radius and length). The desired efficiency can be achieved by adjusting the radius and length of the nanorods and matching the resonance wavelengths with the fundamental and generation frequencies of nonlinear optical phenomena in specific applications. Moreover, the effect of the number of gold nanorods on harmonic generation has been investigated. By increasing the number of nanorods in pairs, it is possible to generate high-order harmonics. The acquired results can be used to improve optical devices such as biomedical equipment, optical integrated circuits, and sensors.
Studying shape phase transition in even-proton nuclei via mass measurements
Authors: Spătaru A , Kripko-Koncz G , Amanbayev D , Ayet San Andrés S , Balabanski D L , Beck S , Bergmann J , Constantin P , Dickel T , Geissel H , Hornung C , Kalantar-Nayestanaki N , Mardor I , Minkov N , Mollaebrahimi A , Plaß W R , Scheidenberger C , Wasserheß M , Zhao J
Published: May 2024

The transition between the spherical and deformed shapes of the nuclei (shape phase transition) is an interesting property of nuclei that enriches our understanding of the nuclear structure. One method for studying it is through measurement of a wide range of atomic masses and derivation of the two-neutron separation energies (S2n). Using a multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer at the FRS Ion Catcher, GSI, atomic masses in the region of A ∼ 150 were measured. This allowed an wide study of phase shape transitions in this region of the nuclear chart. In addition, comparison with the Skyrme Hartree–Fock plus BCS approach are done; showing a remarkable good agreement between theory and experiment.
UWLPIPE: Ultra-wide Bandwidth Low-frequency Pulsar Data Processing Pipeline
Authors: Zhang Ya-Zhou , Zhang Hai-Long , Wang Jie , Li Jian , Ye Xin-Chen , Wang Shuang-Qiang , Du Xu , Wu Han , Zhang Ting , Guo Shao-Cong
Published: May 2024

For real-time processing of ultra-wide bandwidth low-frequency pulsar baseband data, we designed and implemented an ultra-wide bandwidth low-frequency pulsar data processing pipeline (UWLPIPE) based on the shared ringbuffer and GPU parallel technology. UWLPIPE runs on the GPU cluster and can simultaneously receive multiple 128 MHz dual-polarization VDIF data packets preprocessed by the front-end FPGA. After aligning the dual-polarization data, multiple 128M subband data are packaged into PSRDADA baseband data or multi-channel coherent dispersion filterbank data, and multiple subband filterbank data can be spliced into wideband data after time alignment. We used the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope with the L-band receiver at 964 ∼ 1732 MHz to observe multiple pulsars. Finally, we processed the data using DSPSR software, and the results showed that each subband could correctly fold out the pulse profile, and the wideband pulse profile accumulated by multiple subbands could be correctly aligned.
Flexible perovskite light-emitting diodes for display applications and beyond
Authors: Zhang Yongqi , Khan Shahbaz Ahmed , Luo Dongxiang , Li Guijun
Published: May 2024

The flexible perovskite light-emitting diodes (FPeLEDs), which can be expediently integrated to portable and wearable devices, have shown great potential in various applications. The FPeLEDs inherit the unique optical properties of metal halide perovskites, such as tunable bandgap, narrow emission linewidth, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and particularly, the soft nature of lattice. At present, substantial efforts have been made for FPeLEDs with encouraging external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.5%. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in FPeLEDs, focusing on the strategy developed for perovskite emission layers and flexible electrodes to facilitate the optoelectrical and mechanical performance. In addition, we present relevant applications of FPeLEDs in displays and beyond. Finally, perspective toward the future development and applications of flexible PeLEDs are also discussed.
ZnSb/Ti3C2T
x
MXene van der Waals heterojunction for flexible near-infrared photodetector arrays
Authors: Hu Chuqiao , Chai Ruiqing , Wei Zhongming , Li La , Shen Guozhen
Published: May 2024

Two-dimension (2D) van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared (NIR) photodetector. Here, we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti3C2T
x
MXene based flexible NIR photodetector array via a facile photolithography technology. The single ZnSb/Ti3C2T
x
photodetector exhibited a high light-to-dark current ratio of 4.98, fast response/recovery time (2.5/1.3 s) and excellent stability due to the tight connection between 2D ZnSb nanoplates and 2D Ti3C2T
x
MXene nanoflakes, and the formed 2D van der Waals heterojunction. Thin polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate enables the ZnSb/Ti3C2T
x
photodetector withstand bending such that stable photoelectrical properties with non-obvious change were maintained over 5000 bending cycles. Moreover, the ZnSb/Ti3C2T
x
photodetectors were integrated into a 26 × 5 device array, realizing a NIR image sensing application.
Full time-dependent SOLPS-ITER simulation of the SPARC tokamak: actuator design for particle and divertor condition control
*
Authors: Park Jae-Sun , Lore Jeremy D. , Reinke Matthew , Kuang Adam Q. , De Pascuale Sebastian , Creely Alex
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the application of full time-dependent SOLPS-ITER simulations for actuator design in the SPARC tokamak. This study employs both the EIRENE module, a neutral solver, and the B2.5 plasma module in a time-dependent mode. This is in contrast to most SOLPS simulations, which focus on steady-state solutions, where the neutral distribution is evolved without any time limit or for a time step of 1

⋅

10

−
3

second, which is several orders of magnitude larger than the fluid plasma time step. The time-dependent EIRENE was tested with a fixed B2.5 background and compared with a simple conductance based model in a simplified pump chamber geometry. This comparison aimed to verify the reliability of the neutral relaxation timescale derived from the time-dependent EIRENE. Subsequently, a full time-dependent simulation was performed in a realistic geometry, with the Monte-Carlo neutral time step synchronized with the plasma fluid time step. The numerical setup of the code, including relative time steps and the size of the census data used to store Monte-Carlo particle information is considered. The full-time dependent simulations are then applied to inform the design of the SPARC louver structure, which affects divertor plasma parameters by regulating the neutral conductance from the divertor to the pump. The response of the plasma and neutral parameters was captured on a timescale that enables the design of the actuator to consider time-dependent control capability. It was found that changing the louver opacity has an equivalent effect as varying the gas throughput via puff actuation. Therefore, equivalent divertor plasma conditions can be obtained from both actuators, while the neutral pressure distribution in the pump and divertor differs for each actuator.
Many-body localization on finite generation fractal lattices
Authors: Manna Sourav , Jaworowski Błażej , Nielsen Anne E B
Published: May 2024

We study many-body localization in a hardcore boson model in the presence of random disorder on finite generation fractal lattices with different Hausdorff dimensions and different local lattice structures. In particular, we consider the Vicsek, T-shaped, Sierpinski gasket, and modified Koch-curve fractal lattices. In the single-particle case, these systems display Anderson localization for arbitrary disorder strength if they are large enough. In the many-body case, the systems available to exact diagonalization exhibit a transition between a delocalized and localized regime, visible in the spectral and entanglement properties of these systems. The position of this transition depends on the Hausdorff dimension of the given fractal, as well as on its local structure.
Design of active vibration isolation system for satellite optical load based on Stewart platform
Authors: Yang Songlin , Yang Haibo , Zhang Xiang , Xu Chang
Published: May 2024

According to the requirements of hyperstatic environment of a satellite optical load during in orbit operation, the Stewart active vibration isolation platform was designed, and its dynamic equation was established by Newton Euler method. The virtual prototype model was established in ADAMS, and the accuracy of the model was verified by comparing the numerical solution and simulation solution of the modal frequency of the platform; On this basis, the dynamic model is decoupled into six SISO systems, and the optimal controller is designed for each subsystem. Finally, the whole system is simulated by ADAMS/MATLAB, and the displacement response curves of the load before and after control are obtained. The simulation results show that the Stewart active vibration isolation platform can effectively suppress the vibration.
Nonsmooth dynamic modeling and simulation of spatial mechanisms with frictional translational clearance joints
Authors: Du Yujie , Jiao Fangzheng , Wang Ping , Liu Fei , Li Long
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a nonsmooth dynamic approach of modeling and computation for spatial mechanism including spatial frictional translational joints (SFTJs) with small clearances. In this research, the dynamic formulation is derived in the Lie group setting, which leads to a coordinate-free and compact formulation. In the following, the normal contact interaction between the slider and guide is described by the complementarity relations between the constraint force in the normal direction. The tangent contact interaction in the SFTJ is characterized by the Coulomb’s friction law in the type of a set-valued map. Based on the horizontal linear complementarity problem (HLCP), the non-smooth dynamics can be established and calculated by combining the Lemke’s algorithm and the RK-MK time integration algorithm. Finally, A spatial crank-slider mechanism with SFTJs is shown as a numerical case. The simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method which can capture the nonsmooth dynamical behavior of the system.
Flow resistance enhancement for the leakage decrease of labyrinth seals using teeth tip winglets
Authors: Gu Qianlei , Yang Jiangang
Published: May 2024

A novel flow resistance enhancement technology is proposed to decrease the leakage flow for labyrinth seals adopting teeth tip winglets (TTW). The specially designed TTW is utilized to double the throttling effect at each teeth tip. In addition, the annular slots on the TTW can also generate teeth tip vertexes. These vertexes disrupt the direction of teeth tip leakage flow, enhancing the local flow resistance. To validate this concept, a three-dimension computational fluid dynamic model (CFD) is established. The flow field and leakage performance of the seal with TTWs are calculated with compassion to the baseline seal. Results show that the TTW seals increase flow resistance at the teeth tips, resulting in an extra dissipation effect. As a result, the maximum leakage decrease ratio reaches up to 15.1%
Estimation of the rope tension in trucklift slope hoisting system with varying profile of track
Authors: Han Tok Hyong , Kim Kwang Hyok , Han Un Chol
Published: May 2024

This paper focused on a study concerned with the estimation of the rope tension in Trucklift slope hoisting system with varying profile of track. In this system, the profile of track is not straight and there exists the segment where the sagged rope moves between the edges on the inclined track, and the rope tension always varies by the movement of platforms with empty and laden trucks. So co-simulation of ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink was used to estimate the rope tension when the platforms move on the track, because there is a moving rope with sagged inclined segment in this system. From simulation results were analyzed the variation of the rope tension according to the position of platform and the influence of the angle of slope of track and the mass of platform when platforms move on the track. In the case of using Koepe winder, the simulation results could be used as more important reference data for the design and operation of Trucklift slope hoisting system with varying profile of track.
A novel method of internal ballistics identification and performance prediction for SRMs based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Zhang Ling , Wang Deyou , Zhang Beichen , Lu Yingying , Li Shipeng
Published: May 2024

Improving the identification accuracy of internal ballistic parameters in the solid rocket motor(SRM) is of great significance in guaranteeing that missiles fulfill their intended operational missions. In practice, the internal ballistic performance is according to the inverse calculation burning area obtained by the measured pressure data of the SRM and the measured burning rate, which still has ascending space for optimization in the prediction accuracy. Accordingly, a genetic algorithm-based method for the identification of internal ballistic parameters and performance prediction for SRMs was proposed. Based on the measured, data of limited test runs, the initial identification of the burning rate coefficient, pressure exponent and propellant density was carried out by GA (Genetic Algorithm). The model was updated on the basis of the inverse calculation burning area obtained by identification results. Then the secondary identification was carried out to modify the key parameters. The Φ50mm laboratory-scale test SRM was analyzed as an example. The internal ballistic performance in the SRM was predicted. The calculation results show that the prediction results obtained by the method are in high agreement with the measured pressure data, which verifies the effectiveness of the method in improving the prediction accuracy of the internal ballistic performance.
Numerical simulation on the dynamic cold extrusion of bolted single-lap Al/Al joint under interference-fit
Authors: Zuo Duquan , Jin Shaoqing , Liu Jie , Cao Yuejie , Zhang Minghao , Zheng Guo , Lin Binbin , Fu Yaoming
Published: May 2024

The installation process for the dynamic cold extrusion of Al/Al interference-fit bolted joint applied by electromagnetic force was investigated by numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the deformation distribution of the bore wall at joint installed by the electromagnetic force is more uniform than that of the traditional installation technologies. And in the axial direction of bore wall without pin, the maximum stress region occurs at its outlet regardless of the values of interference-fit. Additionally found that the critical interference-fit value for a joint to reach yield strength is about 1 %, and when the amount of interference-fit is less than 1%, the joint mainly exhibits elastic deformation, and when the interference is more than 1 %, the plastic deformation is its main manifestation.
Improved differential optimization algorithm for multi-satellite joint earth observation scheduling
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Shengyu , Cai Jingying , Wen Zhijiang , Hu Haiying
Published: May 2024

The mission completion rate is an important evaluation criterion in the multi-satellite joint observation scheduling problem. This paper proposes a model to address this issue to maximize the mission completion rate. The task requirements and constraints were analyzed with the constellation’s ocean surveillance task as the background. According to the characteristics of the solution space, an improved differential teaching-learning-based optimization is proposed. The proposed algorithm employs a probability-based discretization method and a difference-based individual updating strategy. Simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by improving the task completion rate and convergence speed compared to the benchmark algorithm in the given test case.
Influence of emissivity on infrared radiation characteristics of the two-dimensional nozzle
Authors: Deng H W , Yang Q Z , Yang B X , Xiao C X
Published: May 2024

In the case of the same outlet area, the two-dimensional (2-D) nozzle has a large aspect ratio compared to the axisymmetric circline nozzle, which enables it to reduce the visible area of high-temperature components such as the center cone and the flame stabilizer inside the nozzle. It can also strengthen the mixing effect of wake flow and outflow to achieve the effect of cooling. In this work, based on the calculation of the flow field of the 2-D convergent-divergent nozzle, the infrared radiation characteristics of its with different emissivity coatings and the coating under high-temperature coming off are calculated in the 3∼5um waveband. The results show that with the increase of emissivity, the mean value of infrared radiation intensity of the nozzle in the range of detection angle 0°-70° decreases to 68.80%, while the mean value of infrared radiation intensity in the range of detection angle 80°-90° rises to 136.55%. The nozzle coating coming off is caused by excessive temperature and its infrared radiation intensity even exceeds the infrared radiation intensity of the uncoated state when the coating comes off.
An approximate optimal control method for 6-DOF spacecraft
Authors: Mao Renhao , Sun Shujian , Lei Jiakun
Published: May 2024

In this paper, an approximate optimal control method based on adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) is proposed for the proximity operations with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) relative motion control of spacecraft. Firstly, the dynamic model is normalized and dimension-reduced to avoid the excessive gradient change of the neural network. Then, a nonlinear disturbance observer is designed to deal with the disturbance. Finally, using ADP ‘s reinforcement learning idea, a single-critic neural network is constructed to solve the approximate optimal control strategy and minimize the cost function. The simulation results show that the designed controller can achieve the attitude and orbit maneuvering targets, and the overall energy consumption is approximately optimal.
Gas rudder 2DOF FOPID position control based on CSFLA optimisation
Authors: Qi Yingjian , Deng Hanyu , Shen Haijun , Yu Zai
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the problems of parameter variety, rigid-flexible coupling and external unknown factors interference in the process of spacecraft propulsion, a two-degree-of-freedom fractional-order PID (2DOF FOPID) controller based on a coevolutionary shuffled frog leaping algorithm (CSFLA) is designed for the high-precision control of the gas rudder servo control system. The anti-interference and target tracking capabilities of 2DOF PID is combined with the advantage of FOPID, which is insensitive to the parameters of the controlled object, to improve the performance of the control system as a whole. CSFLA is formed by integrating the self-learning evolution of elite populations and the interactive learning strategy among populations into the SFLA to enhance the global searching ability and searching accuracy of SFLA, and CSFLA is used to optimize the parameters of the 2DOF FOPID controller. The simulation results show that the designed CSFLA-2DOF FOPID controller has the advantages of fast response speed, small overshoot, strong tracking performance and strong anti-disturbance ability, which improves the dynamic and static performance and anti-disturbance ability of the gas rudder servo control system.