bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longmire lysis buffer v1
Authors: Wells Abigail , Park Linda
Published: September 2021

Lysis buffer recipe (Longmire et al 1997): To make 1 liter
Comparison of Open Source Code when Updating using the Damerau-Levenshtein Distance
Authors:   Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, 426034, Russian Federation, Saparov A. Yu. , Beltyukov A. P. ,   Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, 426034, Russian Federation, Maslov S. G. ,   Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, 426034, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The paper describes a text comparison problem that arises during the update of open source programs in the presence of user changes. An algorithm based on calculating the Damerau — Levenshtein distance is used to correctly match the lines of two texts. The main difference between the proposed algorithm and the classical one is that the weights of such operations as insert, delete, replace, and permute are not constants, but depend on the values of individual text elements and their location. The paper also describes the functionality that allows the programmer to simplify the task of analyzing changes in program texts. The functionality is based on dynamic control of the comparison process, during which the programmer can manually establish correspondences between the compared texts. The effectiveness of the proposed method is checked when updating modules in the 1C:Enterprise system.
Neural Network Based on the Special Potential Function for the Recognition of the Multifunctional Signal
Authors:   Institute of Machines Science named A. A. Blagonravova Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Afonin V. L. , Sleptsov V. V. ,   Institute of Machines Science named A. A. Blagonravova Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The article suggests using elements described by a special potential function as elements of a neural network. The article describes the features and characteristics of a potential function that has an output signal close to a real physiological neuron. The description and structure of a neural network is given, the elements of which are described by a special potential function. To study the neural network and configure its elements, a mathematical apparatus of tensor calculus is proposed. The article describes the possibility of using the proposed neural network for recognizing and finding areas with specified parameters on a complex spatial surface. As an example, we describe the procedure for determining an area on a complex surface that has the specified geometric and qualitative characteristics.
Digital Technology Implementation Practice during Conversion from Fundamental University Educational System into Online Format
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation, Vishnekov A. V. , Erokhina E. A. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation, Ivanova E. M. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The paper discusses the effectiveness of digital technologies in the educational process. The authors consider the use of digital services in the university educational process in the context of the need to full transfer basic education into online format. A comparative analysis of public and corporate digital services is carried out. Their advantages and disadvantages are considered the application effectiveness in the educational process. The article examines the following digital services: Zoom, Jitsi, MS Teams, Google Documents, Google Classroom, LMS HSE, Smart LMS. The authors propose the methods of organizing the educational process, involving the integration of these services. The results of the students' survey revealed the following features that affect the interaction of teachers and students: the Internet speed and availability, preferences in the ways of course materials obtaining, the desired forms of interaction between students and the teacher. The paper describes the effective methods of conducting online classes in various conditions: group discussion of the pre-voiced and cloud-uploaded presentations in chat, conducting classes in the form of a video-chat, using pre-prepared dynamic graphic illustrations, using gamification elements, laboratory work remote running on a virtual equipment, splitting the lecture into thematic sections and frequent changes in the students' activity. The authors offer various online forms and methods of learning outcomes intermediate control for the disciplines of the university curriculum. This study offers solutions to the problems of organizing online classes, including in conditions of limited Internet traffic.
Selected Properties of High-Frequency Electric Arc Initiators and Stabilisation Oscillators. Part 2. Devices with Compressed Electric Arc
Authors: Sawicki Antoni
Published: September 2021

The second part of the overview article discusses general features of the design and operation of selected industrial arc plasma torches. Because of their structural and operating differences, plasma torch power supply systems with internal and partly external arc are discussed separately. Particular attention was paid to the design of electric systems used for the initiation of arc discharges. Because of the fact that the operation of plasma torches with partly external arc is often accompanied by the formation of double arc, the article also presents measures and methods enabling the prevention of the aforesaid unfavourable phenomenon. In addition, the article discusses selected technological properties of plasma torches and micro-plasma torches used for joining, cutting, surfacing and hardening.
A COMPARATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY OF THE TWO Orthoshipon aristatus (BLUME) MIQ. VARIETIES
Authors:   School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Faramayuda Fahrauk ,   Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia, Julian Silvy ,   Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia, Windyaswari Ari Sri ,   Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia, Mariani Totik Sri ,   School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, . Elfahmi ,   School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung, West Java, Indonesia,   Biosceinces and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung  (ITB), Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, . Sukrasno ,   School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

The use of a plant as an ingredient in traditional medicine requires scientific evidence to determine its properties. Cat's whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus) is one of the widely used traditional medicinal plants in various Asian and European countries. This study aimed to determine the pharmacognostic properties of purple and white varieties of O. aristatus. Aqueous and ethanolic extract of the stem and leaves of purple and white varieties of O. aristatus was prepared and investigated for the presence of active ingredients. The AlCl3 colorimetric method was used for the estimation of flavones and flavonols. The level of flavonoid was reported 13.06 ± 0.13 mg QE / 1g and 6.17 ± 0.049 mg QE / 1g for the leaves and stem extracts of purple varieties respectively while this value was reported 9.76 ± 0.15 mg QE / 1g and 3.79 ± 0.03 mg QE / 1g for the white variety. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the purple variety has a significantly higher amount of flavonoid then the white variety.
GAIRIN SALLAN, J. y ION, G. (Eds.). (2021). Prácticas educativas basadas en evidencias. Madrid: Narcea, 280 paginas, ISBN 978-84-277-2802-8
Authors: Prieto Carnicero Luis Ángel
Published: September 2021

GAIRIN SALLAN, J. y ION, G. (Eds.). (2021). Prácticas educativas basadas en evidencias. Madrid: Narcea, 280 paginas, ISBN 978-84-277-2802-8.
High Performance Hybrid FOC-Fuzzy-PI Controller for PMSM Drives
Authors: Djelamda Imene , Boulkenafet Mohamed Seif Eddine , Bouaroua Redouane
Published: September 2021

This work presents a field oriented control (FOC) strategy (Fuzzy Logic (FL)) associated with PI controller applied to the control system of an permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) powered by an inverter dedicated to electric vehicles, the major challenge of our research work is a control law for a permanent magnet synchronous motor more efficient in terms of rejection of disturbances; stability and robustness with respect to parametric uncertainties, A comparison of the performance of the proposed FOC with the FOC with the fuzzy-PI will be presented. The overall development scheme is summarized and an example illustrates features of the control approach performed on a 0.5 kW PMSM drive. The torque and the speed will be judged and compared for the two orders offered. As results, the behavior of the FOC based on fuzzy-PI controller is more efficient compared to the conventional vector control.
Особенности договоров на выполнение научно-исследовательских, опытно-конструкторских и технологических работ и их отличие от смежных договоров
Authors: Кержакова Л.Г. , Рабец А.П.
Published: September 2021

В статье предпринимается попытка рассмотреть особенности договоров на выполнение научно-исследовательских, опытно-конструкторских и технологических работ через призму смежных договоров, рассматриваются наиболее дискуссионные вопросы, касающиеся проблемных положений законодательства. Цель исследования – рассмотрение действующего законодательства по вопросу договоров на выполнение научно-исследовательских, опытно-конструкторских и технологических работ, а также смежных договоров и выявление основных особенностей первых. Научная новизна работы состоит в выявлении имеющихся на данный момент проблем в нормативном регулировании рассматриваемого вопроса.
Понятие нарушений бюджетного законодательства
Authors: Соловьева С.В. , Аброян А.А.
Published: September 2021

Бюджет имеет крайне важную роль в развитии любого государства. Он создает финансовую основу, которая необходима для финансового обеспечения деятельности всех государственных и муниципальных органов в стране, а также выступает важным инструментом осуществления поставленных перед государством задач. Меры ответственности за бюджетные нарушения фрагментами регламентирует Бюджетный кодекс Российской федерации. Но из-за существующих проблем, связанных с отсутствием элементарного понятия бюджетного нарушения, раскрытием признаков состава преступления и т.д., это не позволяет эффективно привлекать правонарушителей к уголовной или административной ответственности за правонарушения в бюджетной сфере.
Соотношение и разграничение налоговой, бюджетной и административной ответственности
Authors: Соловьева С.В. , Дубовиков В.В.
Published: September 2021

Вопрос о содержании и правовой природе административной, налоговой и бюджетной ответственности в науке является дискуссионным, порожденный правовым основанием существования самостоятельных отраслей права, в которых предусматриваются самостоятельные меры принуждения, являющиеся критерием определения мер ответственности в каждой из отраслей права. Причем применительно к понятию «меры ответственности» используется обобщающее определение «меры финансово-правового принуждения» либо понятие «финансовой ответственности», последнее определяет налоговую, бюджетную, банковскую и иные виды ответственности, объединяемые единой финансово-правовой сферой. Но так как, мерой ответственности является конкретный вид принуждения, определенный в конкретной правовой отрасли, которым в административном, налоговом и бюджетном праве является штраф, выраженный в денежном эквиваленте, что является основанием для объединения указанных отраслей права в единую финансово-правовую сферу. Именно с этой позиции исследуется вопрос о соотношении административной, налоговой и бюджетной ответственности.
Проблемы и перспективы развития новых форм обслуживания в музеях
Authors: Кусерова А.И.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается понятие музейного сервиса (обслуживания). Выделяются традиционные и новые формы обслуживания в музеях. Проводится классификация новых форм музейного сервиса. На основании проведенного анализа выявляются проблемы основных инновационных форм обслуживания в музеях. Также предлагаются некоторые пути решения этих проблем.
Кадровое обеспечение научно-исследовательских организаций Минобороны России гражданскими специалистами
Authors: Пронин А.Ю.
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрена проблема комплектования научно-исследовательских организаций Минобороны России оборонно-ориентированными гражданскими научными кадрами. Предложено направление решение данной проблемы, которое заключается в подготовке гражданских специалистов для организаций Минобороны России в системе «высшее учебное заведение – базовая кафедра – базовая организация». Рассмотрены цели и основные задачи подготовки оборонно-ориентированных кадров на базовых кафедрах.
Использование Интернет-ресурсов в обучении английскому языку на примере видеохостинга YouTube и приложения Instagram
Authors: Филипская А.В. , Филипская Т.А.
Published: September 2021

В данной статье рассматривается целесообразность задействования Интернет- ресурсов в обучении английскому языку. Показана значимость видеохостинга YouTube и приложения Instagram как носителей информации различного направления для изучения иностранного языка и подготовки преподавателями уроков. Выделены дидактические задачи, которые можно решить с помощью сети Интернет. Проанализированы особенности использования русскоязычных и англоязычных источников материала в обучении английскому языку.
Оптимизация ведения больных с миомой матки
Authors: Баранов Ш.Б. , Синицын С.Н. , Филинов А.Г.
Published: September 2021

Анализируется практический подход к пациенткам с миомой матки. Ретроспективно рассмотрено 120 случаев, в которых женщинам в возрасте от 35 до 55 лет была выполнена гистерэктомия по поводу миомы матки больших размеров. Результаты: в 55,0% случаев не использовались методы консервативной терапии, у 40,0% женщин применялись устаревшие препараты, лечение должным образом не контролировалось и подбиралось, не основываясь на принципах персонифицированного подхода, т. е. было неоптимальным.
Доказательство тождеств, содержащих обратные тригонометрические функции
Authors: Есикова И.В. , Козлов В.А.
Published: September 2021

В статье изучаются тождества, содержащие обратные тригонометрические функции. Подробно описаны свойства таких функций и методы доказательства тождеств их содержащих. Приведено также большое количество примеров.
Гематологические показатели молодняка гусей, потреблявших витаминную добавку
Authors: Гришин Е.А.
Published: September 2021

Целью исследований являлось изучение гематологических показателей молодняка гусей при использовании кормовой добавки Витаммин. Гуси контрольной группы получали основной рацион, 1 опытной – рацион с добавлением Витаммин в дозировке 0,2 мл/л воды; а 2 опытной – 0,5 мл/л воды. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что использование кормовой добавки Витаммин для гусей способствовало более интенсивному обмену веществ, и как следствие лучшее снабжение кислородом органов и тканей, в сравнении со сверстниками из контроля. В опытных группах, при увеличении дозировки кормовой добавки у гусят отмечено повышение уровня тканевого дыхания, что характерно при увеличении обменных процессов и как следствие, повышении продуктивности.
Тенденции и перспективы развития ручных шлифовальных пневматических машин
Authors: Кузнецов Ю.П. , Химич В.Л. , Хрунков С.Н. , Чуваков А.Б. , Погодин Р.А.
Published: September 2021

Проанализированы результаты эволюции параметров пневматических шлифовальных машин на протяжении значительного интервала времени. Выявлены тенденции изменения удельной мощности и удельного расхода машин. Проведен сравнительный анализ перспектив развития машин с ротационным и турбинным приводом. Сделан вывод о большей перспективности применения многоступенчатых турбин в качестве привода. Обоснована конструктивная схема радиальных многоступенчатых турбин для привода машин.
Основные варианты реконструкции жилой застройки 60-х годов
Authors: Глазьева Л.Г.
Published: September 2021

В настоящее время ведутся дебаты по вариантам подхода к реконструкции массовой застройки 60-х годов. Принципиальное отличие данных вариантов – это полный снос застройки и замену на новую; либо снос только жилых зданий, имеющих физический и моральный износ и на их месте возведение новой застройки, остальная часть застройки модернизируется, либо проводится капитальный ремонт. Кроме того, при проведении реконструкции имеются большие разногласия между населением и инвестором по вариантам этажности новой застройки. Рассмотрены основные принципы реконструкции, основанные на отечественном и зарубежном опыте и реновации застройки.
Экология, экономика и демография Беломорья как управляемая сложная эволюционирующая система
Authors: Меншуткин В.В. , Минина Т.Р.
Published: September 2021

Современное развитие биосферы, темпы которого существенно выше темпов дарвиновской эволюции, в первую очередь обусловленное техническим прогрессом конца XX – начала XXI века, глобально и, вообще говоря, управляемо. Одним из подходов к управлению эволюционными процессами биосферы, в том числе экосистемами, является компьютерное моделирование сложных систем, в частности, когнитивное моделирование. Рассмотрен пример когнитивного моделирования сложной системы – эколого-социо-экономической системы (ЭСЭ-системы) для водосбора крупного водоема и его реализация для конкретного региона – водосбора Белого моря (Беломорья).
Гражданско-правовая ответственность недропользователей за вред, причиненный окружающей среде
Authors: Чернусь Н.Ю.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются основания и меры гражданско-правовой ответственности недропользователей за вред, причиненный окружающей среде. Указываются особенности такой ответственности, которая наступает независимо от установления самого факта причинения вреда, поскольку сама по себе разработка недр без соблюдения требований законодательства о получении лицензии и соответствующего разрешения влечет причинение вреда. Рассматриваются закрепленные в законодательстве меры, позволяющие выбрать суду способ возмещения причиненного окружающей среде вреда, а также определить размер такого вреда. Наличие методик расчета причиненного окружающей среде вреда обусловлены необходимостью принятия мер, направленных на восстановление состояния окружающей среды, в котором она находилась до причинения вреда, наличие публичного интереса в благоприятном состоянии окружающей среды.
Which Factors Affect Probability of Women Using Prenatal Care? The Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Sharjil Muktafi , Haque A. K Enamul
Published: September 2021

This paper determines the probability of women in Bangladesh taking prenatal care based on changes in socioeconomic and health-related variables. Insight into factors affecting prenatal care usage will help policy-makers redirect health-related strategies and policies in more equitable directions. We used a total of 1,099 cross-sectional observations from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2000) to estimate a logistic regression model. Our results show that education and income is positively associated with odds of women taking prenatal care while increase in age reduces odds of taking this service. We end by making several policy-relevant recommendations.
Reintroduction of English as Medium of Instruction in Sri Lanka: With Special Reference to Jaffna
Authors: Thirunavukkarsu Karunakaran
Published: September 2021

English is now introduced in grade 6 once the children finish their primary education in vernacular. The main aspect of the way in which English is used as medium of instruction is that in government schools some subjects are taught in English while some other subjects are taught in Tamil. This helps the students be balanced bilinguals because they constantly learn their first language while acquiring mastery in L2. Eventually, it is assumed that this will facilitate the additive bilingualism and children would be balanced bilinguals. This paper tried to appraise the potential success of one decade –long English medium program and also see the different perspectives of the stakeholders involved in the English medium education. This study captured the views of parents, teachers and children: English medium and vernacular children.
Modeling The Effects of Mother’s Age at First Birth on Child Health at Birth
Authors: Tambi Mbu Daniel
Published: September 2021

This study models the impact of mother’s age at first birth on child health at birth in Cameroon. The objectives are: (1) investigate the implication of mother’s age at first birth on child health at birth; (2) examine the impact of mother’s age groups on birth weight, and (3) suggest economic policies to ameliorate the mother’s age – child health relationship. We make used of the control function approach to determine the relationship between mother’s age at first birth and birth weight. The 2011 Cameroon demographic and health survey data is use to estimate our result in STATA 10.1. The result reveals that mother’s age at first birth is negatively correlating with birth weight. Evidences by age group suggest that rates of adverse perinatal outcome such as low birth weight and stillbirth are linked to maternal age 35–39 years old. Based on our results, we recommend that aspiring mothers should endeavour to give birth to their first child before 35 years while mother’s already advanced in age should follow closely their prenatal and medical services. This is a major step towards poverty alleviation due to low birth weight complications.
An Econometric Model of the Determinants of Married Women?s Land Rights in A1 Resettlement Areas in Zimbabwe
Authors: Njaya Tavonga
Published: September 2021

The study investigated the major determinants of married women’s land rights under the fast track land reform programme, 2000-2002 in A1 resettlement areas in Zimbabwe using econometric analysis on national baseline survey. Case data collected in Goromonzi District through in-depth interviews, direct observations and documentary reviews were used to complement results from the econometric model. Although the focus was on women beneficiaries of the fast track land reform programme, the study adopted a gender approach to study both men and women. The study revealed that extra-household factors such as the method used to make beneficiaries aware about the fast track land reform programme, the size of arable area cultivated and provincial differentials of male and female beneficiaries determined the probability of women’s land holding. This meant that social assets were a strong determinant of women’s land rights and hence the socio-political environment should not be ignored when analysing the distribution of land under the fast track land reform programme. The study recommended that individual level asset ownership data should be collected in order to evaluate and understand how benefits of development programmes are shared between men and women and that allocation of land under the land reform programme should focus on individuals within households. Methods should be devised to inform women about their land rights and the avenues through which these rights can be enforced. A study of each province would be required to unravel the underlying factors for the differential land distribution patterns by sex in provinces.
Does Foreign Direct Investment Generate Long-Term Growth in Ghana?
Authors: Benedict Arthur , Tutu Kyei Baffour , Salase Afenya Millicent
Published: September 2021

In pursuant to sustainable economic growth on the ticket of FDI-led growth hypothesis, the government of Ghana has instituted a myriad of thoughtful policy reforms to help boost the economy to realize a self-sustaining economic growth. To some extent, the policies might have paid off as the country was named the highest recipient of FDI in West Africa in 2018. However, the supposed upsurge in the inflow of foreign direct investment in the country and its expected long-run spillover benefits have not been tangibly felt in the region as the economy continues to oscillate. Therefore, this study utilized two methods; the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) and the variance decomposition method (VDM) to empirically examine economic growth of Ghana as a function of foreign direct investment (FDI) whiles controlling for exchange rate, financial development, trade oppeness and employment rate. The results of the study endorses the FDI-led growth for Ghana by indicating that a positive long run causal impact flows from FDI to economic growth. The findings from the VDM test affirm the results are robust and reliable. Therefore, the study suggests that government should amplify FDI inflow via policies like incentives to draw more foreign investors directly into other sectors other than the conventional sectors gratified by foreign investors.
Values and Emotions in Personality System of Adolescents and Youths
Authors: Antoci Diana
Published: September 2021

This article addresses the problem of identifying relationship between the emotional manifestations of adolescents and young people and dominant values in their personality system in order to establish priorities in the acquisition of the components of the value orientation at the subjects. The age of adolescence is the period of social and emotional development, cognitive and emotional explosion, and psychic and value system formation. Personality formation takes place in the social environment through interrelation with parents, friends, and teachers in different life situations. Adolescents may experience positive and negative emotions of varying intensity. Emotional stability develops gradually through experiences, socialization, cognitive progress, self-knowledge and self-affirmation which are already being formed and are specific to young people. It is important to self-recognize and self-analyse by the subject of his/her own specific emotions, to determine the causes of their occurrence, to know how to regulate the negative ones. The role of emotions is enormous for the human being. The affective sphere is one of fundamental elements for: the fixation of externalized manifestations through the behavioural display of suitable emotions, shaping of attitudes, the development of beliefs and, therefore, values. These components are organized hierarchically, forming the content of value orientation or values orientation. The experimental study carried out with adolescent and young subjects consisted in determining the specificity of emotions and dominant values in adolescence and youth ages, highlighting the dynamics of emotional and value changes, and establishing the relationship between the studied variables. The experiment results provide us with the current information regarding dynamics of the relationship of emotions and values, which, therefore, allows to elaborate new ways of emotions knowing and regulating during adolescence age including youth one. These strategies can be applicable in educational institutions, ensuring by them well-being for all education actors. Well-being means not only feeling well inside, but also to be in well- being created conditions in the environment around us, favouring the wellbeing of all subjects.
Psychological Features of the Tolerance of Future Specialists in Socionomic Professions
Authors: Barabashchuk Hanna , Dushkevych Mariana , Hutsuliak Natalia
Published: September 2021

It is a set on the basis of theoretical researchers, that the modern specialist of the sphere of «Man-Man», except the certain volume of professional abilities and knowledge, must own personality-mature qualities: to show readiness for self-development and self-perfection; make a decision on their own; have their own system of values and be able to correlate their own vital persuasions with the senses and stereotypes of society. For this reason, development of their tolerance as a constituent of professionalism is important in the professional preparation of specialists of socio-economic professions. Tolerance is not just a tolerance for others' thoughts, beliefs and behaviour, it is a purposeful effort on the part of the individual to create an information space that promotes harmony, interpersonal cooperation, emotional tact and respect. The empirical study involved 40 second-year students, including psychology students and foreign language teachers. The psychodiagnostic complex of methods presented in the article made it possible to obtain reliable research results. A comparative analysis of respondents' indicators showed that «tolerance» as a personal quality is significant for both groups. It is stated that psychology students are more tolerant of representatives of different social strata, while foreign language students are tolerant of ethnic minorities. The study found that future psychologists seeking to assert their beliefs and considerations, if the situation becomes conflictual, can be harsh. Future teachers are more critical of themselves and their opinions, showing tact and understanding to manifest «paradoxical» actions, even if they do not agree with them. The overall tolerance index of the two groups under study indicates that their behaviour and attitudes towards the world, people and events will depend on the particular social situation they are currently in.
Quality Management and Leadership in Education
Authors: Curpanaru Gabriela-Livia
Published: September 2021

Increasingly, the notion of manager is confronted with that of leader. The literature written on this subject is considerable (John P. Kotter and Abraham Zaleznik being only two of the sound names that can be mentioned in this endeavor). Zaleznik proposed that managers were results driven and leaders were creative artists. Kotter proposed that leaders navigated change and managers navigated complexity. John P. Kotter says that today's managers need to know how to lead, be managers and leaders. The differences are: 1. Management is more formal and scientific than leadership. Management is an explicit set of tools and techniques, based on reason and testing, that can be used in a variety of situations; 2. Leadership involves having a vision of where the organization should go; 3. Leadership demands cooperation, teamwork. Researcher Warren Bennis said, “Managers are people who do things right, and leaders are people who do right things.” Organizations need both. So what does leader mean, what does manager mean? Why are these concepts being put so often face to face? A management specialist, P. Drucker (1954) draws a first distinction: management means doing the right thing, and leadership means doing the right thing. Such an opinion is continued by S. R. Covey (1990): "management is efficient in ascending on the scale of success, and management determines whether the ladder is placed on the right wall". In other words, the manager manages, organizes, the leader has a vision. Such a direction of analysis is illustratively supported by the metaphor of the road through the jungle: in organizing and conducting this expedition - often similar to the activity of organizations to achieve the proposed objectives - the manager prepares the tools, distributes them to the participants, writes and debates procedural manuals, in time what the driver looks for the direction, the path, has a certain sense for finding the best way. Thus, while the manager generates orders, organization, the leader creates and causes change, draws directions not only objectives, sets directions not only agendas, seeks new resources does not rationally allocate only existing ones. Assuring quality management inevitably brings multiple changes of substance and size in terms of philosophy and management practice at the level of the Romanian school. The concept of quality management necessarily includes the notion of leadership. The multiple researches carried out over time on quality management in education have consistently nominated among the factors that generate and feed this efficiency, the idea of leadership. Thus, the quality of leader of the manager is considered fundamental for ensuring quality management in the school, and the school is considered effective.
Pedagogical Diagnostics at the Stage of Preparing a Child for School in Poland
Authors: Mykyteichuk Khrystyna , Tymchuk Lyudmyla , Zvozdetska Valentyna
Published: September 2021

The current tendency of the European educational strategy on the compulsory children’s involvement in the preschool education before elementary school raises the issue of preparing children for school and the preschool education functioning, modernization and updating the content and technology of pedagogical activities at this stage. The article highlights the innovation of the Polish theory and practice in preparing a child for school i.e. the transfer of the pedagogical diagnosis function in school readiness from psychologists to preschool teachers. The organization of systematic, daily observation and interpretation of children's activities has become an integral part of the teacher's work. The essence of systematic pedagogical diagnostics of school readiness in Polish preschool institutions is revealed. On the basis of retrospective analysis, it is highlighted the evolutionary development in Polish pedagogy of the diagnosing children's readiness problem in school. According to the chronological principle, diagnostic methods are systematized; their semantic and procedural aspects are characterized. It is substantiated that as a result of diagnostic techniques, mastering the tools and ability to perform diagnostic procedures, the teacher gets the opportunity to determine the degree of mental and social development of the child, which contributes to school tasks, as well as factors that determine this development. The teacher forms a complex child’s profileconcerningthe knowledge and competencies, and on its basis develops a strategy of pedagogical influence and interaction with the child at the beginning of school.
Psychological Features of Manifestation of Coping-Resources of Schoolteachers
Authors: Nechytailo Tetiana , Fesun Halyna , Kanivets Tetiana , Simak Alla
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the psychological peculiarities of the manifestation of coping-resources of educators. The teaching profession belongs to the category of professions especially vulnerable to stress, since the teacher has to solve various professional tasks in the absence of time and information, constant open contact with people, which entails considerable emotional energy. The professional activity of a modern teacher requires constant and maximum mobilization of their personal resources. Maintaining or enhancing a person's stress resistance is associated with finding and using resources well enough to help the educator overcome the negative effects of stressful situations. The article reveals such characteristics of personality and social environment that facilitate or make possible adaptation to life stresses, promotes the development of a means of overcoming it, and increases stress resistance. These personal structures help a person cope with threatening circumstances and facilitate adaptation. The author analyzes the scientific and psychological approaches to understand personal resources, determinants of the choice of coping-strategies, and the influence of the characteristics of professional activity on the behavior of the individual. Questions about structure, functions, and types of coping behavior are raised. According to the majority of modern researchers, the generalized classification of the methods of mastering stressful circumstances is analyzed: coping aimed at evaluation; problem-oriented coping; coping aimed at emotions. Also presented were the most up-to-date and most modern models of coping resources, which can be viewed from different angles to look at the choice of coping-resources by the personality of the teacher, taking into account the conditions of his professional activity. The organization and methods of conducted research of the features of manifestation of coping-resources in teachers are described. The presented quantitative and qualitative results are disclosed according to the stages of the study. In particular, the analysis of teacher’s coping-strategies depending on the level of emotional burnout, ways of overcoming difficult life situations, as well as the methods of coping-behavior of the respondents. Relationships between teachers' coping-resources and emotional and mental stress as well as the monotony of professional activities are also identified. Adaptive and non-adaptive coping behaviors are differentiated in terms of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping strategies are analyzed separately. Based on the theoretical analysis of the scientific literature and empirical research, the author substantiates the relevant conclusions and recommendations for school educators on the effective use of their own coping resources.
Performance Descriptors - Qualitative Assessment of the Product of Students’ Activity in Primary School
Authors: Pleșoianu Ana-Maria
Published: September 2021

Focusing education on competences is a major concern today. The evaluation of the school acquisitions, of the students' competences, becomes an important and difficult task. We can no longer afford to evaluate by asking for the restitution of knowledge and / or the application of isolated skills, but it is necessary to confront students with complex problem situations and ask them to solve them by mobilizing all that they have learned. According to the hypothesis of this research, if each school product will be evaluated on the basis of benchmarks that will be broken down into a set of performance indicators, each of them has performance descriptors, they will ensure the uniformity of the evaluation conditions, beyond the variety of conditions in which the education is carried out. The first purpose of the research was to identify how teachers for primary school can provide a unitary assessment for students, nationally, if the process and product of education or learning is related to the curricular and performance standards established at the national level. The results indicate that, it is not easy for the teachers to evaluate the competences of the students, because they do not know very well about what complex of situations reveal the learning achievements so they can estimate the level of students in mastery of competences.
Certainty and Uncertainty in Education - A Contemporary Challenge for Teachers
Authors: Seredenciuc Nadia-Laura
Published: September 2021

This study is a reflection on educational reality based on certainty and uncertainty coordinates. Exploring the significance of the binomial reality, generated by the different degrees of certainty, perceived by the actors involved in teaching, the article proposes a few acting options, in order to develop an appropriate orientation of the teacher training process, in a contemporary society marked by the “certainty of uncertainty”. Embracing the unknown, coping with unfamiliar situations, reflecting constructively on one’s own mistakes, as part of a teacher daily activity, are generated by a genuine positioning towards uncertainty in education, raising it from the status of a problem to the hypostasis of an opportunity. Mapping uncertainty through resilience, building confidence in experiencing doubt, reshaping learning by daring to approach dilemmas and stepping out of inaction can be viewed as valid alternatives in developing a professional self in a changing environment. That claims a rethinking of teacher training in terms of developing abilities for sustaining appropriate responses and a proper understanding of the relationship between certainty and uncertainty in education, having the intention of building quality learning experiences. The concepts of choice and change are about to conquer the ideas of standards and stability in educational context as proofs of a renewed approach in order to delineate core drivers of human development in contemporaneity. That is why rethinking teacher training needs to focus on articulating the reflective practicing with experiencing a constant change, integrating the multiplicity of opportunities in a supportive learning environment for developing a global competence, in order to respond effectively to the contemporary challenges.
Self-Management Skills and Student Achievement – A Pilot Study
Authors: Stan Maria Magdalena
Published: September 2021

The adaptation pressure of youths to a labor market with a low predictability degree determines the necessity of developing certain competences which can be easily transferrable and which can ensure the personal and professional success. We have considered non cognitive abilities (attitudes, emotions, behaviours) which proved to be significant predictors of success and mental health (Heckman, 2008) and which contribute significantly to a rise in emotional strength and to a wide range of adaptative strategies imposed by contemporary society (Opre et al., 2018). The speciality literature confirms the importance of non-cognitive abilities in the students’ / pupils’ academic success (Heckman et al., 2006; Heckman, 2008; Deming, 2015; Balica et al., 2016). The predictability degree of diverse non cognitive abilities over academic success is different as most studies do not supply relevant data about abilities such as self-efficacy, growth mindset or social awareness (Claro & Loeb, 2019), while abilities like self-management defined as the ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in different situations (Duckworth & Carlson, 2013) represents a good predictor of academic achievement (Blair & Raver, 2015; Riggs et al., 2016). We consider self-management as being that umbrella construct which refers to abilities such as self-control, self-regulation, self-discipline, will power and self-power (Duckworth & Kern, 2011). Under the circumstances in which students with major risk abandonment participate in specific activities to develop personal, socio-emotional and learning management abilities, our study proposes to examine the variation of self-management abilities of students who participated in these activities and of students who did not participate in the activities and who are not prone to risk abandonment. Also, we wish to investigate if there is a relation between students’ self-management abilities and student achievement.
Middle class vulnerability to covid-19 pandemic effects and government measures in Metropolitan Lima
Authors: Bürkli Bürkli Hans Adrian , Hernández Garavito Jorge , Mendoza García Diego Alberto , Riva Zaferson Franco Alberto
Published: September 2021

Using National Household Survey data, this study examines the situation of Peruvian middle class households in Metropolitan Lima and Callao prior to the COVID-19 pandemic through financial and non-financial variables in order to identify vulnerability factors in the overall population and in income quintiles.The analysis has revealed that health, income and labor are the most vulnerable indicators and could be heavily affected by government measures against COVID-19, such as mandatory social isolation (lockdown), social distancing, and movement and gathering restrictions. In this context, households in the lowest quintile are substantially more susceptible to falling into poverty due to economic instability, labor informality and lack of social protection. The study results suggest that the definition of “vulnerability” needs to go beyond poverty measurements to improve the focalization of government policies and strategies in similar crises.
Zum Stadium des Jespersen-Zyklus im Text der ostmitteldeutschen „Apostelgeschichte“ aus dem 14. Jahrhundert
Authors: A. Owsiński Piotr
Published: September 2021

In dieser korpuslinguistisch basierten Studie wird die sprachliche Analyse des ostmitteldeutschen Textes der Apostelgeschichte aus dem 14. Jh. durchgeführt. Im Kontext der Grammatikalisierung wird versucht, die Entwicklung der deutschen Verbnegation als Zyklus darzustellen, wobei auch die dialektbedingten Eigentümlichkeiten einbezogen werden. Die Erforschung des Korpus weist eindeutig die Existenz der Mehrfachnegation ne … niht bzw. ne + ein anderer Negator nach, die als eine der nebeneinander bestehenden Verbnegationsmöglichkeiten in der mhd. Zeit fungierte. Gleichzeitig werden einerseits die Existenz des immer redundanter werdenden und somit untergehenden alten Negators ne (+ Verb), andererseits die steigende Frequenz des Gebrauchs des sich konsequent durchsetzenden Negationswortes niht bewiesen. Die Analyse berücksichtigt zusätzlich die Stellung des Verbs sowohl in den Haupt- als auch Nebensätzen. Die anhand der Untersuchung gezogenen Schlüsse werden mithilfe der entsprechenden Belege untermauert.
Dynamik der menschlichen Sprachfӓhigkeit im Spiegel des transdisziplinären Ansatzes
Authors: Bajerowska Anna
Published: September 2021

Der vorliegende Artikel thematisiert die Topologie transdisziplinӓrer Konzepte vor dem Hinter-grund ausgewӓhlter Annahmen der Blending-Theorie. Der erste Teil widmet sich der Rolle des transdisziplinӓren Forschungsansatzes in der Modellierung komplexer linguistischer Phӓnomene. Im Mittelpunkt der Erwӓgungen steht die konzeptuelle Verbindung von Komplexitӓtstheorie bzw. Systemtheorie und linguistischen Fragen, wie die Operationalisierung sprachlicher Regeln und das Problem der distinktiven Funktion sprachlicher Entitӓten. Im Fokus des zweiten und dritten Teils steht die Dynamik sprachlicher Eigenschaften der Menschen und eine Analyse transdisziplinӓrer Modellierung linguistischer Forschungsprobleme vor dem Hintergrund der Blending-Theorie.
Comparative analysis of the emissions of carbon dioxide and toxic substances emitted by vehicles with ICE compared to the equivalent emissions of BEV
Authors: Laskowski Piotr Paweł , Zimakowska-Laskowska Magdalena , Zasina Damian , Wiatrak Marcin
Published: September 2021

In the article were compared the vehicles (by pairing) the vehicles on the basis of selected criteria considering vehicles’: weight, length, wheel width, maximum output and acceleration time. The article was carried out by analysing the available source materials and specific energy mix based on coal. The emission of air pollutants (exhaustive) was estimated using the mathematical calculation. In order to carry out the analysis, the data provided by the manufacturers of the considered cars were used, concerning fuel consumption by the cars equipped with the internal combustion engines or electricity consumption in the case of cars with equipped with electric motors. The air pollutants that were taken into consideration: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and total particulate matter. Apart from the exhaustive emissions, the total particular matter emissions from the tyre and brake wear and road abrasion is also included. The pollutant emission was estimated on the basis of emission factors using the average mileage characterizing for driving in European conditions.