bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unexpected human cases of cutaneous anthrax in Latium region, Italy, August 2017: integrated human–animal investigation of epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and ecological factors
Authors: Nicastri Emanuele , Vairo Francesco , Mencarini Paola , Battisti Antonio , Agrati Chiara , Cimini Eleonora , Carrara Stefania , D’Arezzo Silvia , Adone Rosanna , Vulcano Antonella , Iannetta Marco , Capone Alessandro , Petrosillo Nicola , Fasanella Antonio , Ippolito Giuseppe ,   Italian Anthrax Team members
Published: June 2019

On 31 August, a veterinarian and a farmworker were hospitalised for skin lesions. Both had been exposed to a dead cow on 19 August on a farm near Rome, where eight further cattle died of confirmed anthrax later the same month. At admission, the first case showed a black depressed eschar and another smaller lesion on one hand. The second case presented deep infection of the skin, with involvement of both arms. Anthrax diagnosis was confirmed by detection of B. anthracis DNA in eschar fragments from both patients. T-cell specific immunity was studied by flow cytometry and Elispot assay after stimulation with B. anthracis secretome in blood samples collected from Case 1. Immunoglobulin production was detected by complement fixation assay. In Case 1, specific CD4+ T-cell activation was detected, without antibody production. Specific antibodies were detected only in the second patient with severe cutaneous illness. Both patients recovered. The two human anthrax cases were epidemiologically linked, but anthrax was not suspected at admission in either case. The veterinarian had initially unrecognised professional exposure and the exposed farmworker did initially not report exposure to affected animals. A One Health strategy integrating human and animal investigations was essential to confirm the diagnosis.
The Problem-Based Learning Model and Students' Generic Skills of the Faculty of Teachers Training and Education the Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya on the Animal Structure Course
Authors: Mustofa Romy Faisal , Corebima A.D. , Suarsini Endang , Saptasari Murni
Published: June 2019

The aims of this study are to describe the learning process in animal structure courses and learning outcomes obtained by students of Biology Education Study Program, Teachers Training and Education Faculty, Siliwangi University Tasikmalaya after attending lectures. The research method used is survey data collection using a questionnaire. As many as 60 students who have attended and graduated in animal structure lectures in the 4th semester of the 2014/2015 academic year were used as research samples. Samples were taken using simple random sampling technique from a population of 90 students. Then the data obtained is processed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study show that students have an interest in animal structure courses, especially in practical activities. The implementation of learning in animal structure courses has not been carried out optimally. The indication is from the non-socialization of the learning model used by lecturers which has an impact on various generic skills that are not maximally trained and developed.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LEARNING CYCLE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA SMA
Authors: Sakdiah Halimatus
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran learning cycle terhadap hasil belajar fisika pada siswa kelas X. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian  adalah seluruh siswa kelas X di SMA N 4 Sungai Penuh yang terdiri dari 5 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara cluster random sampling dengan mengambil 2 kelas dari 5 kelas secara acak yaitu kelas X-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 30 orang dan kelas X-2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 30 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa adalah tes hasil belajar yang telah dilakukan uji validitas isi dan ramalan dalam bentuk essay dengan jumlah 10 soal. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kedua kelas berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Berdasarkan analisis  uji-t dua pihak diperoleh thitung = 5,51 dan ttabel = 1,67, sehingga thitung ttabel, oleh karena itu Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Hal ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran learning cycle dengan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan dalam penggunaan model pembelajaran learning cycle terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa..  Kata Kunci: Learning Cycle, Hasil Belajar
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PELATIHAN BERBASIS METODE PRAKTIKUM
Authors: Maurita Siska
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pelatihan berbasis metode praktikum di SMAN 1 Meulaboh T. P 2016/ 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Eksperimen, dan desain penelitian adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Meulaboh yang terdiri dari enam kelas setiap kelas berjumlah 40 siswa, dan kelompok sampel ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling sehingga diperoleh dua kelas yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes bentuk pilihan berganda yang telah ditentukan validitas dan reliabilitasnya sebanyak 20 soal.Kemudian pada sampel diberikan perlakuan yang berbeda, kelas eksperimen menggunakan model pelatihan berbasis metode praktikum dan kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Pada awal pembelajaran siswa diberikan pretes dengan hasil rata – rata kelas eksperimen 28,4 dan kelas kontrol 27,8. Setelah pembelajaran selesai diperoleh postes dengan hasil rata – rata kelas eksperimen 81,5 dan kelas kontrol 69,1. Dengan demikian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa  ada perbedaan hasil belajar antara kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model pelatihan berbasis metode praktikum dan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional selama kegiatan belajar mengajar di SMAN 1 Meulaboh T.P 2016 / 2017Kata Kunci: model pelatihan, metode praktikum.
Multi Temporal Remotely Sensed Image Modelling For Deforestation Monitoring
Authors: Melati Dian Nuraini
Published: June 2019

Tropical rainforest in Indonesia faces critical issue related to deforestation. Human activities which convert forest cover into non-forest cover has been a major issue. In order to sustain the forest resources, monitoring on deforestation and forest cover prediction is necessary to be done. Remotely sensed data, Landsat images, with acquisition in 1996, 2000, and 2005 are used in this study. In this study area, forest cover decreased around 6 % in the period of 1996 - 2005. For the purpose of forest cover modelling, three model (i.e. Stochastic Markov Model, Cellullar Automata Markov (CA_Markov) Model, dan GEOMOD) were tested. Based upon the Kappa index, GEOMOD performed better with the highest Kappa index. Therefore, GEOMOD is recommended to forecast forest cover.
KAJIAN PENERAPAN STANDAR TAHAN GEMPA PADA PEMERIKSAAN STRUKTUR GEDUNG TERBANGUN
Authors: Pradono Mulyo Harris
Published: June 2019

Di dalam standar perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa, disebutkan bahwa gedung yang aman gempa harus memenuhi beberapa kriteria yang dapat dikaji saat gedung sudah dibangun. Beberapa kriteria dapat diperiksa dengan melakukan kajian detil pada gedung. Ada tiga kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk memeriksa apakah suatu struktur terbangun sudah sesuai dengan standar yang dipersyaratkan. Kriteria itu adalah dimensi kolom, kapasitas kolom, dan periode getar struktur. Dengan melakukan kaji kuat tekan beton, kaji tulangan dalam kolom dan balok, serta pemodelan numerik struktur gedung, maka ketiga kriteria di atas dapat dikaji dan dibandingkan dengan persyaratan di dalam standar perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa. Dalam makalah ini disampaikan kegiatan kajian pada sebuah gedung bertingkat untuk mengetahui kesesuaian struktur gedung dengan persyaratan yang ada dalam standar.
Evaluasi Hate Rate dan Efisiensi suatu PLTU dengan menggunakan Batubara yang Berbeda dari Spesifikasi Design
Authors: Aziz Amiral , Hasan Andi Rinaldi
Published: June 2019

Tulisan ini menampilkan beberapa hasil penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi hate rate dan efisiensi PLTU batubara berkapasitas 300 MW yang menggunakan spesifikasi batubara yang berbeda dari spesifikasi rancangan setelah beroprasi sekitar dua tahun. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa efisiensi boiler (HHV basis) pada pengujian aktual 100% LRC mengalami penurunan sebesar 3,25% dan pada pengujian dengan komposisi 50% LRC dan 50% MRC mengalami mengalami penurunan sebesar 2,91% dibandingkan dengan hasil komisioning. Kehilngan panas karena gas buang kering, kandungan air dalam bahan bakar dan pembakaran hidrogen memberikan kontrobusi yang besar terhadap penurunan efisiensi boiler dibandingkan dengan hasil komisioning. Pada beban maksimun, turbine hate rate pada 2 (dua) pengujian aktual 100% LRC masing-masing sebesar 1.994, 67 kcal/kWh dan 1.918,55 kcal/kWh, sedangkan pada pengujian dengan komposisi 50% LRC dan 50% MRC turbine hate rate adalah 1.977,52 kcal/kWh. Nilai tersebut lebih rendah 4,47% dan 3,78% untuk pengujian aktual 100% LRC dan lebih rendah 3,45% untuk pengujian 50% LRC dan 50% MRC dibandingkan dengan hasil komisioning. Gross plant hate rate (HHV basis) pada 2 (dua) pengujian 100% LRC masing-masing 2.320,60 kcal/kg dan 2.293,63% kcal/kg, sedangkan pengujian 50% LRC dan 50% MRC gross plant hate rate (HHV basis) adalah 2.290,75 kcal/kg.  Nilai ini lebih besar masing-masing sebesar 3,28%, 2,08% dan 1,95% dibandinkan hasil komisioning (2.246.84 kcal/kWh)
ACETONE-BUTANOL-ETHANOL FERMENTATION FOR BIOENERGY USING VARIOUS SUBSTRATES IN DEFINED TYA MEDIA
Authors: Ambarsari Hanies , Sonomoto Kenji
Published: June 2019

A series of experiments had been conducted to investigate the performance of Clostridiumsaccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 (ATCC 13564) in direct fermentation of acetone, butanol, andethanol (ABE) using several substrates that have not been investigated previously using this strain,such as cellobiose, dextrin, starches of corn, potato, tapioca, wheat, and sago, as well as morecomplex carbohydrates such as xylans, cellulose, and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), particularly tostudy the effect of such various substrate types and concentrations, as well as the substrates mixtureson the ABE ratio and productivity. The results showed that strain N1-4 could directly produce ABE fromvarious substrates, from monosaccharide to polysaccharides of hexose or pentose sugars, exceptCMC and cellulose. The experiments also suggested that cellobiose (a hexose disaccharide) could bethe more efficient substrate for strain N1-4 than glucose (a monosaccharide) to produce ABE in the TYA(Tryptone Yeast Agar) medium. It was proven also that the ABE ratio was very dependent on the typeand concentration of substrates being used by strain N1-4.Keywords: acetone, butanol, ethanol, clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4, fermentation
PEMANFAATAN TUNGKU BERBAHAN BAKAR LPG DAN MODIFIKASI RUANG BAKAR UNTUK PEMBAKARAN KERAMIK UKIR BERGLASIR
Authors: Effendi M. Dachyar
Published: June 2019

A downdraft kiln using LPG as energy source with capacity 1 m3 and maximumfiring temperature 13000C has been constructed and midified to give better heatdistribution. For firing ceramic process, most of Balinese and Lombok craftsmenuse firewood as energy source. This method is inefficient from the production rate.Point of view, downdraft kiln can help the craftsmen to process ceramic easier,faster and cheaper. Downdraft kiln using LPG has been selected as an alternativekiln due to minimum pollutant produced compare with updraft kiln using coal orfirewood. The kiln constructed has fulfilled the requirement of kiln firing processquality in which the firing causes sintering process in the ceramics body. The kilnwith a capacity of 1m3 can reach a maximum firing temperature which of 13000C.To test this modified kiln, some carved ceramic has burned into the kiln. Carvedceramic has been chosen caused by need more good heat distribution than otherceramic design product and have differ thickennes in all bodies.The final productgive a better product whithout defect compare to product burned into unmodifiedkilnKata kunci: tungku hemat energi, keramik ukir, stoneware
MOLECULAR COMPOSITION OF COAL LIQUID OIL CHARACTERIZED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ATOMIC EMMISION DETECTOR
Authors: Yusnitati Yusnitati , Murti Sri Djangkung Sumbogo
Published: June 2019

Heteroatom-containing species in the coal liquid oils (CLO) were identified andquantified by the aid of gas chromatography with atomic emission detector (GCAED).Four different CLOs from different rank coals, processes and cut pointswere investigated in the present study. Thiophene and its derivatives werefound to be the major sulfur compounds, pyridines and anilines, and phenolswere the major nitrogen and oxygen compounds, respectively in the oils ofboiling range < 300 ℃. An oil of boiling range (300 – 420℃) carried moredimethyldibenzothiophenes and benzoquinolines. The correlation between feedcoal and liquid product was discussed in terms of the compositions ofheteroatomic compounds.Kata kunci: coal liquid oil, heteroatomic compounds, GC-AED
PENGARUH TEKANAN INJEKSI BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KABUTAN CAMPURAN SOLAR DAN DIMETIL ETER
Authors: Rahardjo Bambang Suwondo , Yuwono Taufik
Published: June 2019

Fuel spray injection plays a main role in determining the performance of dieselengines, where the spray pattern illustrates fuel combustion occurs in thecombustion chamber. Characteristics of Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) spray isdevoted to fuel evaporation, and mixing and combustion quality affected bypressure injection (P) and the physical chemical properties of the fuel (density,surface tension, viscosity and boiling point). From fuel spray test results showedthat fuel evaporation characteristics of fuel at a certain pressure effect on engineperformance. The higher the injection pressure will reduce the diameter of thefuel sprays after injection (SMD), thus speeding up evaporation and mixingprocesses between fuel and air in the combustion chamber with resulted thecombustion process is more completelyKata kunci: characteristics of fuel spray, diesel fuel, DME.
RANCANGAN DASAR GASIFIER BATUBARA SIRKULASI UNGGUN MENGAMBANG UNTUK MEMBANGKITKAN LISTRIK 1 MW
Authors: Tirtosoekotjo Soedjoko , Rahardjo Bambang Suwondo
Published: June 2019

There are 3 choices in accommodating power station facility which have beeninstalled to fulfill standard regulation of environmental quality which progressivelytighten. Firstly, facility modification of pulverized–coal fired power plant byapplying a flue–gas desulfurisation technology throw away to cost moneyinstallation of tired which can 20% of total cost development of it. Secondly,modification system of coal fired power generation become natural gas combinedcycle (NGCC) can reach low emission, but fuel cost relatively high, so willinfluence the electricity generating cost. Third, modification system of electricgeneration which have been installed by utilizing a mechanism of coalgasification is most efficient and best alternative to yield an environmentalfriendly of electric generation combined cycle. In this paper, writer try to make abasic design of circulating fluidized–bed coal gasifier using clay catalist relatedon third choice which expected applicable in the next future to come replacepower station system which have ended a period as well as newly even if.Kata Kunci: gasifier batubara unggun mengambang, katalis tanah liat,pembangkit listrik
KERUSAKAN TUBE FURNACE AKIBAT DEPOSIT DAN KOROSI SULFIDA DI INDUSTRI MIGAS = THE FAILURE OF FURNACE TUBE CAUSED BY DEPOSIT AND SULFIDE CORROSION IN MIGAS INDUSTRY
Authors: Sari Laili Novita
Published: June 2019

When furnace 1 and 2 were shutdown, we did in situ metallography on furnace tube randomly to know its reliability. Tube which damage a failed tube was taken to laboratory to be analyed the failure cuased to avoid the same failure in the future. The examination and testing held on tube furnace 1 and 2 CDU III was : fractography and metallography examination, hardness testing, chemical composition analysis and SEM – EDX examination. From the examination and testing can be concluded that the tube furnace can not resist over heating as a result of deposit , graphite was formed in outer side and sulfide corrosion was formed in inner side causing diameter thinning. Depletion and graphitization region is a critical area so if the tube receives a static load and the excess temperature the tube will damage.Keywords : tube furnace, over heating, corrosion, depositeAbstrak Pada saat Furnace 1 dan 2 dishutdown, kami melakukan kegiatan insitu metallografi pada tube furnace tersebut secara acak untuk menentukan ketahanannya (reliabilitasnya). Pada pemeriksaan tersebut diambil satu buah tube yang mengalami kerusakan yang berat untuk dianalisa penyebab kerusakannya sehingga dapat dilakukan tindakan penanggulangan untuk di kemudian hari. Pemeriksaan dan pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap tube Furnace 1 dan 2 , meliputi : pemeriksaan fraktografi dan metalografi, uji kekerasan, analisa komposisi kimia, serta pemeriksaan dengan SEM dan EDAX. Data dari hasil pemeriksaan dan pengujian tersebut kemudian di analisa untuk mengetahui penyebab kerusakan tube furnace tersebut. Dari hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tube nomer D29 furnace II coil 2 tidak mampu menerima panas berlebih dampak dari deposit sehingga pada permukaan diameter luar terbentuk grafit dan pada permukaan diameter dalam terserang korosi sulfidasi yang akibatnya terjadi penipisan ketebalan. Daerah penipisan dan daerah grafitisasi merupakan daerah yang kritis sehingga jika tube menerima beban statis dan temperatur berlebih maka mengalami kerusakan.Kata kunci : tube furnace , over heating, korosi, deposit.
Pengaruh Perubahan Mikrostruktur Terhadap Perubahan Kekerasan Radiant Tube Yang Telah Beroperasi Sejak 2003
Authors: Sari Laili Novita
Published: June 2019

Abstract B2TKS - Sub- Analysis of Damage and residual life has done Remaining Life Assessment to the radiant tube on oil and gas companies from 2003 - 2016. In determining the RLA, it was used graph of the Era Technology where the determination is based on the microstructural changes while there are no literature or research which shows the hardness changing of material ASTM A 213 T5 which occurs during the aging process. Therefore it need to make formulation about the changes of spheriodizationto the chages of hardness of radiant tube material ASTM A 213 T5. By knowing a reasonable decrease in hardness to spheriodization, it was expected to detect the abnormal condition or damage earlier. Based on the examination of metallographic and hardness testing ,is was known that the reduction of hardness occur in proportion to the increase ofsperiodization percentage. In spheriodzation changing of Classification A, B, C the decrease of hardness below 0.7 HB / HB0 while classification D until the next classification,reduction of hardness above 0,7HB / HB0. B2TKS – Sub Bidang Analisa Kerusakan dan umur sisa telah melakukan Remaining Life Assesment pada radiant tube pada perusahaan minyak dan gas bumi dari tahun 2003 – 2016. Dalam penentuan RLAdigunakan grafik dari Era Teknologi dimana penentuannya berdasarkan perubahan struktur mikro sedangkan untuk perubahan kekerasan material belum ada literatur atau penelitianyang menunjukkan tentang perubahan kekerasan pada material ASTM A 213 T5yang terjadi selama proses penuaan. Karena itu dilakukan perumusanperubahan kekerasan terhadap speriodisasi pada tube radiant material ASTM A 213 T5. Dengan mengetahui penurunan kekerasan yang wajar terhadap speriodisasi diharapkan akan mempermudah pendeteksian awal kondisi abnornal atau kerusakan. Berdasarkan pengamatan metalografi dan uji kekerasan diketahui bahwa penurunan kekerasan terjadi secara proporsional dengan peningkatan prosentase spriodisasi. Klasifikasi A, B, C penurunan kekerasan dibawah 0,7 HB/HB0 sedangkan klasifikasi D sampai berikutnya penurunan kekerasan diatas 0,7HB/HB0. Keywords: Hardness, radiant tube, in situ metallography, ASTM A 213 T5
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN GERBONG DATAR “PPCW”42 TON AKIBAT BEBAN OPERASI
Authors: . Anwar , Gozali M.
Published: June 2019

Several units of PPCW wagons capacity of 42 ton are used for the cement transportation, cracked on the under frame structures. To determine the cause of the cracks, the investigation was conducted by measuring the stress that occurs when the wagons operation.Results of the investigations are the mean stresses and amplitude stresses measured in real-time in the various road conditions, and then be analyzed using fatigue limit diagram approach to get fatigue strength of the wagon structure. The analysis result shows that the stresses at several points of the wagon structure under the operational loads are in the critical area or is above the fatigue limit diagram. This is the cause of the failure of the under frame of the PPCW wagon structure.AbstrakBeberapa unit gerbong PPCW kapasitas 42 ton yang digunakan untuk pengangkutan semen, mengalami retak pada bagian rangka bawah. Untuk menegetahui penyebab terjadinya retak tersebut, dilakukan penelitian dengan cara mengukur tegangan yang terjadi pada saat gerbong beroperasi.Hasil penelitian berupa besaran tegangan rata-rata dan tegangan amplitudo yang diukur secara real-time pada berbagai kondisi jalan, dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan diagram batas lelah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tegangan pada beberapa titik berada pada daerah kritis atau diagram garis batas lelah. Hal ini merupakan penyebab terjadinya kerusakan struktur rangka bawah gerbong PPCW.Keywords : PPCW wagon, stresses, fatigue limit diagram.
PENIPISAN PIPA KETEL AKIBAT ELEMEN KOROSIF AIR
Authors: Nusa M. N. Setia , . Hernadi
Published: June 2019

Inspection and testing is done to determine the metallurgical phenomena that occur on the boiler pipes that have been operating several years continuously at a temperature of 560 ° C. The study is also intended to determine the operational feasibility of the pipeline and to avoid undetected damage.Investigation of these pipes is also carried out in the laboratory with micro-structure analysis method, inspection crust, tensile test, bending test, hardness and thickness test.From the analysis of the microstructure, boiler pipes are in condition ferrite pearlite spheroidization with a crust that is thick and contains graphite. In addition, The pipes are attacked by uniform and pitting corrosion. The results of tensile and bending tests are still normal (standard). The hardness test results show significant values compared to the standard, as well as the thickness of the pipe thinning as a result of the corrosion process.AbstrakInspeksi dan pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui fenomena metalurgis yang terjadi terhadap pipa ketel uap yang sudah beroperasi beberapa tahun secara terus menerus pada suhu 560°C. Penelitian juga dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kelayakan operasional pipa tersebut dan untuk menghindari terjadinya kerusakan yang tidak terdeteksiInvestigasi pipa-pipa tersebut juga dilakukan di laboratorium dengan metode analisa struktur mikro, pemeriksaan kerak, uji tarik, uji bending, uji kekerasan dan ketebalan.Dari analisa struktur mikro, pipa ketel berada pada kondisi ferrit spheroidisasi perlit dengan lapisan kerak yang cukup tebal serta mengandung grafit. Selain itu juga terjadi serangan korosi merata dan korosi sumuran. Hasil uji tarik dan hasil uji bengkok masih normal (memenuhi standar). Hasil uji kekerasan terjadi penurunan nilai yang signifikan dibanding standar, demikian juga pada ketebalan pipa terjadi penipisan akibat dari adanya proses korosi.Keywords: Boiler pipe, spheroidization, corrosion, thinning.
PENGARUH PERSENTASE REDUKSI WARM ROLLING TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK PADUAN Cu-Zn 70/30
Authors: Ridhowati Ayu Rizeki , Febriyanti Eka , Riastuti Rini
Published: June 2019

Warm rolling is one of the thermomechanical method has several advantages such as produces high mechanical properties, but does not decrease % elongation and toughness value because partial recrystallization phenomenon that produces micron-sized new grain. This paper reports the results of an investigation carried out on the effects of holding time annealing to mechanical properties Cu-Zn 70/30 alloy. These alloy after homogenization process and quenched in the air then heated to temperature of 300°C, later the heated copper samples are warm rolled at 25%, 30%, and 35% reduction, after that heated at temperature 300°C and held during 120 minutes. Then sample is experienced rewarm rolling with reduction 25%, 30%, and 35%. The results obtained showed that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are higher proportional with the increasing of % reduction, their values are 501,1 MPa; 599,3 MPa; later decrease to 546, 5 MPa and to yield strength are 441,8 MPa; 466,1 MPa; then decrease to 458,6 MPa. Moreover hardness value increase proportional with % reduction such as 154 HV; 162 HV; after that decrease to 160 HV While, % elongation decreases inversely proportional with % reduction namely 12,4%; 8,2%; later increase to 11,2 %. It is caused of the partial recrystallization phenomenon as evidenced by the presence micron-sized.AbstrakWarm rolling merupakan salah satu metode termomekanik yang mempunyai beberapa keuntungan yaitu salah satunya menghasilkan sifat mekanik yang tinggi, namun tidak mengurunkan nilai keuletan karena adanya fenomena rekristalisasi parsial yang menghasilkan butiran baru berbentuk micron. Paper ini menjelaskan tentang hasil penelitian berupa pengaruh persentase reduksi terhadap sifat mekanis paduan Cu-Zn 70/30. Paduan Cu-Zn 70/30 setelah dilakukan proses homogenisasi dan didinginkan di udara lalu dipanaskan ke suhu 300°C, kemudian masing-masing dilakukan warm rolling dengan persentase reduksi sebesar 25%, 30%, dan 35% kemudian ditahan di suhu 300°C dalam waktu 120 menit. Selanjutnya sampel dilakukan rewarm rolling dengan persentase reduksi sebesar 25%, 30%, dan 35%. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan antara lain nilai kekuatan tarik (UTS dan YS) yang semakin tinggi sebanding dengan peningkatan % reduksi warm rolling yaitu masing-masing untuk nilai UTS sebesar 501,1 MPa; 599,3 MPa; lalu menurun menjadi 546,5 MPa serta untuk nilai kekuatan luluh sebesar 441,8 MPa; 466,1 MPa; lalu menurun menjadi 458,6 MPa. Selain itu, nilai kekerasan meningkat sebanding dengan peningkatan % reduksi warm rolling masing-masing sebesar 154 HV; 162 HV; lalu menurun menjadi 160 HV. Sedangkan persentase elongasi semakin menurun berbanding terbalik dengan peningkatan % reduksi masing-masing sebesar 12,4%; 8,2%; lalu meningkat menjadi 11,2%. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya fenomena rekristalisasi parsial yang dibuktikan dengan kehadiran butir kecil berukuran mikron.Keywords : Cu-Zn 70/30 alloy, warm rolling, anneal, % reduction, mechanical properties
First Confirmed Breeding of Red-bellied Woodpecker in Manitoba
Authors: Courcelles Andy
Published: June 2019

First Confirmed Breeding of Red-bellied Woodpecker in Manitoba
Pesantren sebagai Benteng Ideologi Pancasila (Studi di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong dan Kabupaten Kepahiang)
Authors: Mustofa Arif , Syah Mabrur
Published: June 2019

Islamic boarding schools as educational institutions that have the principal principle of tafaaquh fi din have a tremendous influence on their santri. In addition, history also records from before the independent state of Indonesia, that pesantren became the frontline in expelling colonial colonizers and presenting peace in the archipelago even today. Even so, lately there have been a number of pesantren that have lost their way, they have stopped paying attention to the security and peace of the nation, they only think that in a pesantren it is a place to explore religious knowledge not others. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the pesantren in fortifying the Pancasila. This study is a linear field with a descriptive qualitative approach, where data collected in the form of written or oral words from people who are the subject of research and observable behavior. Research data is sought through observation, interviews, and documentation. This research produces several things: first; the role of pesantren in rejang lebong and kepahiang districts is very good in terms of education, da'wah which is tasamuh, religious and moral services as well as ukhuwah islamiyah, except the second pesantren as Syafi'i imam; the efforts made by the pesantren in fortifying Pancasila, namely: the formation of friendly Islam with the TNI and the Police and the Commemoration of national and Islamic holidays, as well as social services. In contrast to the efforts made by the imam as Syafi'i pesantren which is to establish communication with the guardians of the santri who agree with them.
Kontekstualisasi Tafsir Feminis Amina Wadud pada Masyarakat Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Rini Rini
Published: June 2019

Amina Wadud is one of the feminist figures, who tries to give a new color in the interpretation of the contemporary Qur'an. Amina Wadud as a woman tries to accommodate the voice of women in every interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an. This article aims to conduct an analytical study of the contextualization of feminist interpretations conducted by Amina Wadud which includes the methodology of interpretation carried out and several examples of Amina Wadud's interpretations and the author's analysis of the contextualization of Amina Wadud's interpretation of Islamic society. The method used in this study is the library research method. The result of this study is that in making his interpretation, Amina Wadud uses an interpretation model called hermeneutics. The method of hermeneutical interpretation is intended to obtain conclusions on the meaning of a text or verse. The contextualization of feminine interpretations of Amina Wadud in Islamic society in Indonesia, especially feminist activists, among others, is the equal rights and obligations between husband and wife in family life.
The Effect of Decision Making and Value of Family Transaction with its Environment on Family Social Strength
Authors: Syahidah Lutfiah , Sunarti Euis
Published: June 2019

Family social strength positively correlated with family transactions and its environment. This study aimed to examine decision making and the value of family transactions with its environment towards family social strength. The study used a cross-sectional design involving 120 intact families who have children under five years old and selected by stratified disproportional random sampling according to their residence (FP village and non-FP village) in Village Muara, Pasirjaya, West Bogor. The analyses showed that family social strength had a positive correlation with wife’s education level, decision making, and value of the family transaction otherwise family strength had a negatively correlated with the number of family and children. The result of the regression tests showed that decision making and the value of the family transaction had a positive effect on family social strength, but the number of children had a negative influence on family social strength. The regression tests showed either with family or without family characteristics, decision making and transaction value had a positive effect on family social strength. Contrarily, family characteristics on the number of children, both with and without the dimensions of decision making and transaction value consistently had an adverse effect on family social strength.
GAMBARAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF LANSIA YANG AKTIF DALAM KEGIATAN RELIGIUS
Authors: Kosalina Novi
Published: June 2019

There were images that older adults are predominantly senile, unproductive, poor in health, and useless. In fact, there are many older adults who still optimally function, such as on religious activities. Religious activities give positive impact for these older adults life. Having social support from religious community and give sense of meaning and purpose. Older adults can have subjective wellbeing, which can decrease depression risk and health problems. Subjective wellbeing is evaluation about one’s happiness, on emotional, psychological, and social aspect. This research was conducted as an effort to understanding in much deeper and more comprehensive way about subjective wellbeing in older adults who is active in religious activities.  There are four subjects that involved in this research. They were 67-77 years old, widowed, and active in religious activities. This research is using interview method, conducted in about one month. Results indicate that all subjects have subjective wellbeing.

 

Keyword: Older Adults, Subjective Well-Being, Religious Activities
“PATHODICY” PROBLEM IN HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY (M. K. MAMARDASHVILI’S “PATHEMATICS”)
Authors: Petryk Yanina Yur'evna
Published: June 2019

The article provides a historical and philosophical survey of views on “pathodicy” - an original philosophical conception revealing the meaning of human suffering, justifying human passions, emotions, life experience, which impart dramatic tonus not only to human existence but to any anthropological conception. Aesthetic potential of “pathodicy” is most clearly manifested in A. Schopenhauer’s creative work and the analysis of consciousness pragmatics helps V. Frankl and M. K. Mamardashvili to justify the necessity of “conscious mode of existence” and to develop original “pathodicy” conceptions (in Mamardashvili’s case - within the framework of “pathematics”) actualizing the aesthetical and hermeneutic potential of their own philosophy.
WORLDVIEW METAMORPHOSES IN DOMESTIC PHILOSOPHY HISTORY OF THE 1920-30S
Authors: Rezvanov Sergei Vladimirovich , Rezvanova Larisa Anatol’evna , Titova Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: June 2019

The article deals with a topical issue - reasons for scholars’ worldview fetishization. The structure of these metamorphoses is highlighted. By specific examples from the domestic philosophy history of the early ХХ century, the authors show the underlying causes of fetishistic worldview metamorphoses and the historical circumstances that are associated with them. The paper reveals the determinants of objective fetishism in the situations of post-revolutionary Russia survival. At the same time, the principles of nihilistic (S. K. Minin) and “mechanistic” fetishistic philosophy (E. S. Enchmen) are studied.
LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF INFORMATION REVOLUTIONS
Authors: Ivanova Mariya Evgen'evna
Published: June 2019

The term “information society” is generally used to refer to the current stage of the mankind’s development. However, this may refer to previous periods as well. The notion should also be used to signify the combination of the information-related characteristics of the society, which form the developing (evolutionally or revolutionarily) information realm. That enables us to discuss types of information societies, where each society refers to a specific information paradigm. The shift to another paradigm underlies information revolutions, and each of them has a profound effect on the development and functioning of linguistic processes in the society.
PROGRAMMATICITY OF SONATAS FOR CELLO AND PIANO OF THE XX-CENTURY COMPOSERS
Authors: Gudozhnikova Ol'ga Nikolaevna
Published: June 2019

The article examines sonatas for cello and piano of the XX-century composers in the light of one of the key artistic tendencies of the XX-century music - programmaticity, which concretizes the author’s intention and stimulates the performer’s or the listener’s imagination within a certain figurative and meaningful framework. Cello sonatas represent different types of programmaticity: generalized-non-narrative, generalized-narrative and pictorial (portrait). The first type is the most frequent. At the same time, the compositions manifest symbolic programmaticity, which became a distinctive feature of the music of the second half of the XX century. The paper argues that programmaticity, initially associated with different forms of art, significantly modified the parameters of a typified sonata genre model and stimulated the development of different genre standards.
PECULIARITIES OF LORI-GUGARK ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL OF MEDIEVAL ARMENIA (BY THE EXAMPLE OF CHALCEDONIAN MONASTERY COMPLEXES OF THE X-XIII CENTURIES)
Authors: Baragamyan Baregam Olegovich
Published: June 2019

The article analyses the architectural techniques, constructive peculiarities, layout variants, ornamental motifs of architectural monuments of the Armenian Chalcedonian monasteries Akhtala, Gndevank, Kobayr, Khuchap. The analysis has allowed the author to identify the peculiarities of Lori-Gugark architectural school of Northern Armenia: using basalt as building material, mainly smoothly cut stones, moderate decoration, the Georgian decoration motifs conditioned by historical and political context.
DONATORS’ IMAGES IN THE SPANISH REREDOS OF THE XIV-XVI CENTURIES
Authors: Prokhortsova Mariya Maksimovna
Published: June 2019

The article analyses donators’ images in the pictorial and sculptural Spanish reredos of the XIV-XVI centuries, which have not previously attracted domestic researchers’ attention. The evolution of donators’ iconography includes enlargement of figures and concretization of their portrait features, transfer of these images from central panel to predella with subsequent separation from the reredos ensemble in the form of statues in chapels - burial vaults under the influence of tomb sculpture. Costume and heraldic signs are the attributes representing the owner’s social status and personality.
BASIC TRENDS OF WORKERS-AND-PEASANTS’ INSPECTORATE ACTIVITY IN KARACHAY-CIRCASSIA AT THE BEGINNING OF NEW ECONOMIC POLICY PERIOD (1921-1926)
Authors: Kappushev Urusbii Borisbievich
Published: June 2019

The article analyses the activity of Workers-and-Peasants’ Inspectorate regional structures in Karachay and Circassia (from 1922 - united Karachay-Circassia) in 1921-1926. The author identifies the basic activity trends of this supervisory body, describes actual achievements within each of them. It is shown that in the mentioned period, the regional inspectorate was basically engaged in supervising the economic activity of state bodies, institutions and organizations, consequently, the task of defending citizens’ interests lost its relevance. The paper reveals the basic factors that negatively affected the efficiency of the regional inspectorate activity and shows the interaction of Workers-and-Peasants’ Inspectorate with regional party bodies, other authoritative structures and agencies.
PURPOSES AND CAUSES OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN DISCOURSE OF THE LEADING RUSSIAN PRINT MEDIA (1914)
Authors: Nazarova Tat'yana Pavlovna , Morozova Nataliya Vladimirovna
Published: June 2019

The article analyses the major Russian print media publications of 1914 covering domestic publicists’ discussion on the causes and purposes of the First World War. In fact, there was a wide range of opinions, even in the editions of the same political orientation. It is shown that the right-wing press and nationalistically minded authors interpreted the confrontation between the powers as “racial struggle”. According to the liberal press, the global conflict was a natural consequence of nationalism and chauvinism propagation in Germany. The affair was depicted as a sacred war of the Slavs and the Germans with deep national and religious roots.
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTH-EAST OF RUSSIA IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 1960S - THE MIDDLE OF THE 1980S
Authors: Pustovoit Galina Anatol’evna
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the main directions of the regional historiography of the industrial development of the North-East of Russia in the middle of the 1960s - the middle of the 1980s. The author studies historical works of the Soviet period and analyses the main works created at the present stage of the historical science development. For each of these stages, the main achievements and problems are identified. Particular attention is paid to summing up the results of studying the history of Kolyma and Chukotka industry development during the period of “mature socialism”, to identifying topical areas for further historical research within the framework of this problem.
Comparação de estratégias para aprimoramento de graduandos de Odontologia na prescrição medicamentosa
Authors: Scarpin Tamires Baptista , Oliveira Luciana Butini , Bergamaschi Cristiane De Cássia , Ramacciato Juliana Cama , Motta Rogério Heládio Lopes
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar diferentes estratégias para o aprimoramento de graduandos de Odontologia sobre normas de prescrição medicamentosa. Foram avaliados 72 estudantes, os quais foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos (n=24): Grupo 1 – em cada etapa de avaliação foi apresentado um vídeo explicativo sobre normas de prescrição com duração de 15 minutos; Grupo 2 – o mesmo vídeo foi disponibilizado em uma plataforma virtual (com acesso ilimitado); Grupo 3 – controle: os estudantes não tiveram atividades adicionais sobre o tema. Foram realizadas 4 avaliações e os voluntários receberam um caso clínico diferente em cada avaliação, realizando uma prescrição para a situação clínica proposta. Para cada prescrição realizada foi atribuída uma pontuação considerando diferentes itens: identificação do profissional e do paciente, concentração, dose e quantidade do medicamento, instruções, dentre outros. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística, com nível de significância de 5%. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na avaliação basal entre os grupos (p>0,05). Após o uso das diferentes estratégias foram observados melhores resultados para G1 quando comparados a G2 e G3 (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que o uso do vídeo presencial foi o que proporcionou melhores resultados em relação às normas de prescrição de medicamentos.
Fractal analysis of colony margins as an aid for screening freshwater yeast cultures for bioclarification of turbid polluted water resources
Authors: Pal Sheela , Kamat Nankumar
Published: June 2019

In Iron ore mining areas of Goa, water resources are polluted due to high turbidity and mineral colloids. For bioclarification of the turbidity, we need to identify some promising property of strains by which the strains of freshwater yeasts can be screened. This work presents a screening of freshwater yeast cultures, based on the complexity of colony margins. We performed screening of the wild aquatic yeasts isolated from different fresh water bodies of Goa on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of incubation respectively. Colony margins of sixteen different strains were studied for their fractality indexes and on comparison significant differences were observed among them.  We report comparative analysis of five representative strains in this paper. Particularly strain Bchlm-1-2 showed high fractality index approximately 1410 on 6th day of incubation. This work provides quantitative scoring system of the morphological behavior of large number of strains. Our approach has the potential to improve the accuracy and speed to quantify and compare large number of isolates on the basis of their colony margins.
Non rhizobial endophytic bacteria from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) tissues and their antagonistic traits
Authors: Chhabra Deepika , Sharma Poonam
Published: June 2019

Bacteria that colonize plant tissues other than rhizobia and are beneficial for plant growth referred to non rhizobial plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB). This study was designed to assay the biocontrol activity of plant growth promoting endophytic bacterial isolates those found positive for P. solubilization, ACC deaminase, Indole acetic acid and Gibberelic acid production. These bacterial isolates were obtained from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) tissues (roots and nodules).  In a previous study a total of 263 non rhizobial endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated. Out of 263 isolates, 64.5% and 34.5% were Gram positive and negative, respectively. Further for biochemical characterization, catalase, oxidase, citrate utilization, nitrate reduction, methyl red and Voges Proskauer’s tests, were performed. On the basis of P solubilization, ACC deaminase, Indole acetic acid and Gibberelic acid production 75 potential isolates were selected and screened for their biocontrol activity viz. (production of cell wall degrading enzymes, production of HCN and fluorescent pigment). Out of 75 isolates, only 29 isolates produced cellulase, 64 isolates were able to produce protease and 28 were positive for both cellulose and protease. Of 75 endophytic isolates 12 isolates (7 from root tissue and 5 from nodules tissue, respectively) were positive for HCN production and 16 isolates were found to be fluorescent pigment producer under µv ligh. As chemical fertilizers and pesticides have detrimental effects on the environment. So these bacterial endophytic isolates will be used not only as a biofertilizer because of their plant growth promotional activities but also used as an alternative of synthetic chemicals for control of several plant diseases.
Kitchen waste management by vermicomposting using locally available epigeic earthworm species
Authors: Sharma Deepshikha
Published: June 2019

A large quantity of kitchen waste is generated in India which is either burnt, left in open or landfilled posing a serious problem of its safe disposal. To mitigate this problem all the kitchen waste can be converted into highly valuable nutrient rich vermicompost using the locally available epigeic earthworms. The biodegradable kitchen waste like vegetables, fruits, food waste etc can be cultured with earthworms to form the vermicompost by using vermitechnology. Since these vermicomposts are rich in nutrients which can replace the chemical fertilizers.  In the present study the vermicomposting of kitchen waste has been attempted using locally available epigeic earthworm species of Jammu namely Amynthus diffringens, Metaphire houlleti and Octolasion tyrtaeum. The physico-chemical analysis of generated vermicomposts was carried out and compared with each other and with that of original soil sample that has been added in vermibeds prior to earthworm inoculation and addition of kitchen waste. The average values of macronutrients in the vermicompost produced by O. tyrtaeum were observed to be the highest among all types of vermicomposts i.e. Organic Carbon (OC)- 11.66 ± 0.34% , Nitrogen (N)- 1.17 ± 0.20%, Phosphorus (P)- 2.97 ± 0.32%, Potassium (K)- 1.18 ± 0.15%, Calcium (Ca)- 0.26 ± 0.04%, Magnesium (Mg)- 0.17 ± 0.04%.
Sustainable traditional dyeing of wool by Bhotia tribe in Himalayan region: A case study
Authors: Rawat Harsha , Rani Anita , Goel Alka
Published: June 2019

Bhotia tribe is one of the community residing in the high Himalayan region of Uttarakhand state that shares the border with Tibet. The tribe is divided into five sub-groups viz., the Jadhs ,  Marchas, Tolchas ,  Shaukas and Rung. The present study was conducted in the five villages namely Lata and Chinka from Chamoli, Darkot and Baluwakot from Pithoragarh and Dunda from Uttarkashi of Uttarakhand for exploring the information from different sub-groups of Bhotia tribe about plants used by them for extracting dyes and used for traditional textile coloration in past and during present time. The rich flora of Himalayan region in Uttarakhand has been abode to varieties of plant species. The wild plant species were used by the Bhotia tribals for dyeing their woolen products. These plant dyes were obtained from jangli palak (Rumex nepalensis), bagmaru (Eupatorium), kilmora (Berberis asiatica), akhrot (Juglans regia), dholu (Rheum aystrale), tea leaves, tantri (Rheum moorcroftianum), kaphal (Myrica esculenta), darim (Punica grantum), burans (Rhodendron araborium) and harda (Terminlia chebula). Today only Shauka and Jadh tribals are using natural dyes for dyeing woolen yarn. Reasons for the reduction in usage of natural dyes among Bhotia tribals were the extinction of plant species, change in land use, natural disasters, government restriction on plucking certain plant species, the availability of synthetic dyes and colored yarns at low cost in the market. The identification of factors that led to the non-practice of sustainable dying practice among tribals for woolen craft will help in planning and conducting interventions through public, private and government organizations.