bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Multiscale Storage Spaces in Ancient Deep Tight Reservoirs: Examples from the Cambrian Yurtus Formation in the Northern Tarim Basin, China
Authors: Xu Qilu , Cheng Yongzhi , You Donghua , Zhang Yu , Li Xinle , Xu Jin , Chen Xudong
Published: November 2022

Under the background of complicated diagenetic fluids, high-temperature pressure in superimposed basin, the pore-forming and pore-preserving effects of deep tight reservoirs are complex, and the formation mechanism of high-quality reservoirs has always been the core issue. With the discovery of oil and gas in ultradeep drilling in Tarim Basin, the most unconventional tight reservoir of Lower Cambrian Yuertus Formation in Tabei area began to receive attention. Based on the research of typical field outcrops in Tabei area, the lithofacies, reservoir space differences, and reservoir formation mechanism are systematically analyzed. (1) The stratum has undergone complex multistage diagenetic fluid transformation, and the rock types are diverse with great differences; siliceous rock and dolomite are the main rock types, often in thin-medium layered distribution. (2) After long-term deep burial transformation, siliceous rock and dolomite can still retain a large number of effective storage spaces; hydrothermal dissolution pores, organic acid dissolution pores, atmospheric freshwater dissolution pores, and intercrystalline pores are the main pore types, which provide main storage spaces. Multiscale pores are developed in siliceous rock and dolomite, with good connectivity and good pore structure. (3) The large-scale storage spaces mainly come from the effective maintenance of primary pores, organic matter, and hydrothermal dissolution. The siliceous minerals and dolomite have stable properties and strong resistance to compaction and can effectively maintain the early pores. (4) The large-scale reservoir space was formed in the early diagenetic stage; the pressure-solution and cementation are the two most important diagenetic processes for reducing storage spaces; however, under the pore-forming and pore-preserving effects of early silicification and dolomitization, various types of dissolution, and oil charging, the tight lithology can still maintain effective storage spaces. The related research has important theoretical and practical significance for studying the formation mechanism of tight reservoirs in deep ancient strata and predicting high-quality reservoirs.
Propagating Hydraulic Fractures from Wellbores: Effects of In-Situ Stress and Near-Wellbore Stress Redistribution
Authors: Gao Qian , Zhou Desheng , Ghassemi Ahmad , Liu Xiong , Liu Yafei , Guo Minhao
Published: November 2022

As a mature technology to enhance the permeability of geological formations, hydraulic fracturing has widely been used in geothermal energy development and in the petroleum industry. Due to its effectiveness in practical applications, it attracts many research efforts. Because of the complexity of hydraulic fracturing itself and the complex distribution of stresses around wellbores, accurately describing the behaviors of hydraulic fractures is still a challenging task. In this study, a numerical model is developed to simulate curved propagation of hydraulic fractures from a wellbore, and emphases are placed on influence of in-situ stress and near wellbore stress redistribution.

In the developed hydromechanical model, special considerations are given to its ability to simulate curved propagation of hydraulic fractures. The propagation of fractures is modeled through the phase-field method. Several cases on hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation from horizontal wellbores are studied through the proposed model. The model has been successfully verified through analytical solutions. The influence of stress redistribution caused by wellbore pressurization on hydraulic fracture initiation from wellbores is analyzed. Under different in-situ stress configurations and initial fracture orientations (perforation or flaws around wellbores are represented by the initial fractures), several patterns of hydraulic fracture propagation around the wellbores are recognized. It is found that the stress redistribution in the close vicinity of wellbores has great influences on the fracture initiation and propagation, and it makes hydraulic fractures propagate in nonplanar, complex manners. As hydraulic fractures propagate away from the stress redistribution regions around the wellbores, in-situ stress then determines the directions of fracture propagation; the curvature of fracture growth paths is mainly determined by the difference in in-situ stress, for example, σv − σhmin in this study. It has also been demonstrated that, when analyzing fracture propagation from wellbores, the wellbore stability or nonlinear deformation of a wellbore should be considered together with the fracture propagation conditions.
IGF2BP3 Mediates the mRNA Degradation of NF1 to Promote Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progress via an m6A-Dependent Manner
Authors: Ding Qiang , Zhang Xu , Shi Liang , Sun Handong , Wang Zi-Wen , Xu Feng , wei Ji-Fu
Published: November 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant reversible modification of eukaryotic mRNA. Emerging evidence has supported that m6A plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. As a crucial reader, IGF2BP3 usually mediates the stabilization of mRNAs in an m6A-dependent manner. However, the functions and m6A mechanism of IGF2BP3 have not been reported in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we showed that IGF2BP3 was highly expressed in TNBC tissues and cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis. TET3-mediated IGF2BP3 promoter hypomethylation leads to upregulation of IGF2BP3 expression in TNBC. Knocking down IGF2BP3 markedly inhibited the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. Intersection co-assays revealed that IGF2BP3 decreased NF1 stabilization in an m6A-dependent manner. NF1 expression was negatively correlated with IGF2BP3, and knockdown of NF1 could rescue the phenotypes of IGF2BP3 knockdown cells partially in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, m6A reader IGF2BP3 promoted proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of TNBC by destabilizing NF1 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner. TET3-mediated IGF2BP3 promoter hypomethylation leads to upregulation of IGF2BP3 expression in TNBC. It suggested that IGF2BP3 has the potential to be the target for TNBC treatment.
A novel filter bank design for speech emotion recognition
Authors: PARLAK Cevahir , ALTUN Yusuf
Published: November 2022

In this study, a novel filter bank design is proposed for speech emotion recognition to replace current state-of-the-art MFCC (Mel Filter Cepstral Coefficients) and Mel filter banks. These novel filter banks are considered to have a great impact and pave the way for great developments and improvements over speech emotion recognition applications. Many filter banks have been proposed to model speech recognition applications but these models either contain too many banks or need some cumbersome mathematical operations to compute. MFCC requires the calculation of DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), and it is also too difficult to interpret the MFCC coefficients. Mel filters are easy to interpret but they contain too many filters. The novel filter banks are faster and easier to compute. Moreover, they can be interpreted better compared to the MFCC and Mel filters. We apply these filter banks with NVIDIA’s CNN and ResNet deep convolutional networks. We also implement feature selection, data augmentation, and various techniques to combat problems of imbalanced datasets to show the effectiveness of proposed filter banks.
Promoting sustainable development by optimizing city-level solar photovoltaic deployment
Authors: Li Jiashuo , Guo Jinqiang , Zhang Ning , Liu Xi , Feng Kuishuang
Published: November 2022

Motivated by carbon neutrality, the large-scale installation of low-carbon solar photovoltaic (PV) will be accelerated in the coming decades. Large-scale PV also signficantly contributes to the sustainable development goals (SDGs), however, where and how much PV need to be installed to promote SDGs need to be thoroughly answered. Here we comprehensively assessed and compared the multiple benefits and SDGs progress under different city-level PV deployment scenarios, by incorporating a set of environmental-resource-social factors. We find different goal-oriented deployment scenarios result in enormous variations in PV distribution as well as tradeoffs/synergies between SDGs in different cities. The water-saving-oriented scenario witnesses the greatest carbon-air quality-water co-benefits, as well as the biggest improvement in SDGs. While the greatest promotion in employment-related SDG is realized at the expense of compromising the environmental-water benefits under the job creation-oriented scenario. SDGs in less developed cities gain greater improvement than that of rich cities under all scenarios. This study underscores the necessity of considering the spatial heterogeneity and the underlying trade-offs between various SDGs and regions when formulating energy transition strategies.
Age and cancer type: Associations with increased odds of receiving a Late Diagnosis in people with advanced cancer.
Authors: Mills Sarah Elizabeth Ellen , Buchanan Deans , Donnan Peter T , Smith Blair H
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
COVID has increased the rates of late cancer diagnoses. Clinicians need to be aware of which patients are at higher risk of receiving a late cancer diagnosis, in order to deliver appropriate and timely care planning and minimise avoidable late diagnoses. We aimed to determine which demographic and clinical factors are associated with receiving a ‘late’ cancer diagnosis (within the last 12 weeks of life).
Method:
Retrospective cohort study of 2,443 people who died from cancer (‘cancer decedents’) in 2013-2015. Demographic and cancer registry datasets linked using patient-identifying Community Health Index numbers. Analysis used binary logistic regression, with univariate and adjusted odds ratios (SPSS v25).
Results :
One third (n=831,34.0%) received a late diagnosis. Age and cancer type were significantly associated with late cancer diagnosis (p<0.001). Other demographic factors were not associated with receiving a late diagnosis. Cancer decedents with lung cancer[i]were more likely to have late diagnosis than those with bowel (95%CI 1.52 (1.12 to 2.04)), breast or ovarian (95%CI 3.33 (2.27 to 5.0) or prostate (95%CI (9.09 (4.0 to 20.0)) cancers. Cancer decedents aged >85 years had higher odds of late diagnosis (95%CI 3.45 (2.63 to 4.55)), compared to those aged <65 years.
Conclusions:
Cancer decedents who were older and those with lung cancer were significantly more likely to receive late cancer diagnoses than those who were younger or who had other cancer types.
[i] Odds Ratios presented in abstract are the inverse of those presented in the main text, where lung cancer is the reference category. Presented as 1/(OR multivariate).
Analysis of Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Black, Green, Purple, and White Teas Grown in Kenya
Authors: Muriuki Joseph , Adan Asma , Maina Edward , Mureithi Haddison , Lagat Nancy , Baliach Caroline , Lwembe Raphael , Ndemwa Philip , Irungu Beatrice
Published: November 2022

Background Tea, a widely consumed beverage worldwide increasingly elicits interest due to reported high levels of polyphenols. Polyphenols have been extensively investigated, as they are a potential source of natural antioxidants. Methods The aim of the study was to determine and compare the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of black, green, purple, and white teas found in selected regions of Kenya.A total of 56 samples were obtained from tea classified as black, green,purple, and white tea in various factories. The samples were then grounded and extracted using methanol and de-ionized water for 48 hours. The composition of phenolic and tannin contents was determined using Folin- Ciocalteu method. Flavonoids content was determined through the formation of the flavonoids– aluminum complex assay. Antioxidant activity was determined through the DPPH scavenging activity and the iron-reducing power of the extracts. Results The phenolic contents in all samples were significantly higher than flavonoid and tannin levels. In samples extracted with water, the phenolic contents were high (41.74 ± 5.25) mg/g, while flavonoid (0.58 ± 0.06 mg/g) and tannin levels (2.47 ± 0.79) mg/g were relatively low. There was a negative correlation between phytochemicals and the antioxidant activity of the various teas. Conclusions The findings suggest that the different teas have high levels of phytochemicals and are natural antioxidants, however there is no significant variation at p = 0.05 in the composition of phytochemical compounds among the different tea groups.
Single-Base station hybrid positioning algorithm based on LOS identification
Authors: Gao Yang , Dou Xiaoyuan , Jiao Zihan , Fan Jiancun
Published: November 2022

In the complex and unknown positioning environment, the positioning effect is often not ideal. This paper proposes a single-base station (BS) hybrid positioning algorithm based on line-of-sight (LOS) identification, which improves the positioning accuracy in a complex and unknown positioning environment. We first use multiple features with significant differences in statistical distribution in the LOS environment and the not-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment, and combine with classification algorithms such as Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), to determine whether there is a LOS path in the environment. Then we use different positioning methods in different positioning environments according to the LOS identification results, and achieve the purpose of improving positioning accuracy through hybrid positioning. For the environment with LOS path, the estimation of signal parameters via rotation invariant technology (ESPRIT) algorithm is used to jointly estimate the angle of arrival (AOA) and time delay of the LOS path, so as to realize the position estimation. For the environment where there is no LOS path, we propose a method to directly use the NLOS path for positioning. The advantage of this method is that it can meet the positioning of a single BS and can achieve relatively high positioning accuracy. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid positioning algorithm can achieve high-precision positioning in the complex unknown positioning environment.
A pilot randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility of a sham anti-inflammatory diet: Can inflammation neutrality and participant blinding be achieved?
Authors: Allison David J. , Agudelo Alexandria Roa , Lawson Arden , Gazzellone Giuseppe , Ditor David S. , Loh Eldon
Published: November 2022

Context: While randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are the gold standard for investigating the effects of dietary interventions, the complexity of designing such trials has limited their use.
Study Design: Single centre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
Objective: Primary objectives included the assessment of the impact of a sham anti-inflammatory diet on inflammation and participant blinding.
Methods: This dietary advice trial involved participants with spinal cord injury (SCI), randomized to either a sham-diet condition (n=8) or non-dieting control condition (n=8). Participants in the sham-diet group were told they would be randomized to either an anti-inflammatory diet condition, or a sham diet designed to be inflammation-neutral. Participants randomized to the sham-condition completed a diet consultation prior to beginning the diet for a period of 4-weeks. Primary outcomes of interest included the change in inflammation as assessed by plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), and participant blinding assessed upon completion of the trial.
Results: All members of the control group and 6 of 8 members of the sham-diet group completed the intervention. Blinding was successful as all 6 members who completed the sham-diet believed they were on the true anti-inflammatory diet. Further, the sham diet was shown to have no significant effect on inflammation over the 4-week intervention period as demonstrated by plasma CRP concentrations.
Conclusion: This pilot study provides preliminary evidence for the utility of a sham-anti-inflammatory diet and could be used to strengthen the design of future dietary interventions utilizing anti-inflammatory diets.
Incidence and clinical characteristics of adverse neurological events and stroke-like syndrome associated with immune stress-related response after COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Sirisuk Wikawee , Limvorapitak Wasithep , Lolekha Praween , Methaset Kanthida , Kulkantrakorn Kongkiat
Published: November 2022

AEFIs (adverse events following immunizations) , especially ISRR ( immune stress related response ) which similar to stroke symptoms may affect the vaccine roll-out campaign to prevent the coronavirus 2019 outbreak. This study aimed to describe the incidence and clinical characteristics of neurological AEFIs and stroke-like syndrome associated with ISRR after COVID-19 vaccination. Characteristics of ISRR were compared to minor ischemic stroke patients during the same period of the study. During March to September 2021, we retrospectively collected data of participants aged ≥ 18 years who received COVID-19 vaccine and developed AEFIs from Thammasat university vaccination center (TUVC). Data of neurological AEFIs patients and minor ischemic stroke patients were collected from hospital electronic medical record system. COVID-19 vaccine were administered at TUVC for 245,799 doses. AEFIs were reported in 129,652 instances (52.6%). ChADOx-1 nCoV-19 viral vector vaccine has the most frequent occurrence of AEFIs (58.0%), and neurological AEFIs (12.6%). Of 119 patients who received COVID-19 vaccine from anywhere with neurological AEFIs and presented to TUH, ISRR was diagnosed in 107 patients (89.9%) and all patients who has follow-up data (30.8%) showed clinical improvement. In comparison with minor ischemic stroke (116 patients), ISRR patients had significantly less ataxia, facial weakness, weakness of arm/leg and speech disturbances (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the incidence of neurological AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccination was much higher among recipients of ChAdOx-1 nCoV-19 vaccine (12.6%) than inactivated vaccine (6.2%) and mRNA vaccine (7.5%). However, most neurological AEFIs were ISRR, had mild severity and resolved within 30 days. Stroke-like symptoms occurred significantly less than patients with minor ischemic stroke.
Lenalidomide Derivative and PROTAC for Controlling Neosubstrate Degradation
Authors: Sawasaki Tatsuya , Yamanaka Satoshi , Furihata Hirotake , Imai Yuuki , Yanagihara Yuta , Nagaoka Koya , Shoya Yuki , Yoshida Shuhei , Shibata Norio , Taya Akihito , Nagasaka Takato , Usui Mai , Kosako Hidetaka , Nishino Kohei , Miyakawa Takuya , Tanokura Masaru
Published: November 2022

Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), is commonly used as first-line therapy in many haematological cancer diseases, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and 5q myelodysplastic syndromes (5q MDS), and it functions as a molecular glue for the protein degradation of neosubstrates by CRL4CRBN 1–4. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) using IMiDs with a target protein binder also induce the degradation of target proteins5,6. The targeted protein degradation (TPD) of neosubstrates is crucial for IMiD therapy2–4,7. However, current IMiDs and IMiD-based PROTACs also unexpectedly break down neosubstrates involved in embryonic development and disease progression2–4,8–10. Here, we showed that 6-position modifications of lenalidomide are essential for controlling neosubstrate selectivity; 6-fluoro lenalidomide induced the selective degradation of IKZF1, IZKF3, and CK1α, which are involved in anti-haematological cancer activity2–4, and showed stronger antiproliferative effects on MM and 5q MDS cell lines than lenalidomide. PROTACs using the new lenalidomide derivatives for BET proteins induced the selective degradation of BET proteins with the same neosubstrate selectivity. PROTACs also exerted antiproliferative effects in all cell lines examined, including MM and neuroblastoma cell lines. Thus, 6-position-modified lenalidomide is a key strategy for selective TPD using thalidomide derivatives and PROTACs.
Spatiotemporal change and driving factors of ecological status in Inner Mongolia based on the modified remote sensing ecological index
Authors: Zongfan Bai , Ling Han , Huiqun Liu , Xuhai Jiang , Liangzhi Li
Published: November 2022

Remote sensing monitoring of regional ecological quality has advanced significantly with the rapid developments of remote sensing technology. At present, remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) has been widely used in ecological status monitoring. However, RSEI was proposed for urban environments, and the rationality and accuracy of its applicability to desert-dominated arid zone ecosystems need to be demonstrated. Therefore, in this study, we incorporated desertification monitoring index (DMI) and salinity monitoring index (SMI) to RSEI and developed the modified remote sensing ecological index (MRSEI) for arid regions. Moreover, we analyzed the stability of MRSEI in ecological status monitoring for arid regions. The MRSEI was then used to evaluate the ecological quality of Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020 and exploring its causes. The results show that (1) Although the evaluation results of RSEI and MRSEI are more consistent in areas with high ecological status grades, the MRSEI results are more cautious and reliable in extreme conditions (e.g., desertification, salinization) than the RSEI. (2) Approximately 87.66% of ecological quality have improved or remain stable from 2000 to 2020, but the remaining areas (accounting for 12.34% of the whole area) are still under degraded conditions. This demonstrates that although local governments have made some progress in ecological conservation, the areas that are fluctuating or degraded still require protection or management. (3) In Inner Mongolia, the ecological quality which drove by precipitation (P) & temperature (T) accounting for 26.67% of the study area, population density (D) and GDP per capita (G) affected 13.23% of regional ecological quality. Overall, this research is crucial for evaluating spatial and temporal changes in arid region ecology and establishing conservation strategies.
Anxiety, depression and perceived social support among covid-19 patients admitted to a Covid Care Centre in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: KHAN MOHD NAJMUL AQIB , MAROOF MOHD , . PREETI , Gupta Rupali , Naaz Azmi , Awasthi Sadhana
Published: November 2022

Background: Mental illnesses including depression and anxiety are very common across all age groups. Even individuals with minimal or undetectable COVID-19 symptoms have felt the effects of this burden, which the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 346 COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic or mild illness. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and perceived social support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSP). Version 16 of SPSS was utilised to analyse the data. We employed ANOVA, Pearson's rank correlation, independent t-tests, and multivariate linear regression. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: 13.8 percent patients had comorbid depression and 32 percent, anxiety. 35.2 percent patients did not have enough support. Significant correlation between depression and anxiety, depression and social support, and anxiety and social support was observed. Regression analysis showed age, marital status, covid case in family, and hypertension had significant association with both anxiety and depression. Association of diabetes mellitus with anxiety was also observed. Perceived social support was found to be significantly associated with age, covid case in family, and presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Conclusion:Significant number of COVID-19 patients displayed signs of anxiety, depression and lack of social support. Clinico-social factors found associated with anxiety, depression and perceived social support should be better taken care of in a future crisis like COVID-19.
Identification of cuproptosis-related subtypes, the establishment of a prognostic model, and exploration of drug candidates in urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yanhao , Chen Yixin , Yang Wentao , Jin Shengming , Xu Pei-hang , Ye Dingwei , Shen Yijun
Published: November 2022

Background
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) originates from the urinary tract and can arise from the renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra. This new kind of programmed cell death, called cuproptosis, is linked to tumor advancement and microenvironment homeostasis. Nevertheless, the biological functions of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in UCs are yet unknown.
Methods
The three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GEO) datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) database were utilized to obtain data from 972 UC patients. R software was utilized to identify different cancer clusters and comprehensively depicted their relationships with clinical pathological characteristics and tumor microenvironment.
Results
Firstly, 972 UC patients underwent classification to obtain three CRG clusters based on 17 prognostic CRGs, showing significantly different prognoses, clinical features, and immune infiltration statuses (P < 0.001). Specifically, we found that cluster C displayed more like an immune-inflamed phenotype and cluster B was more consistent with the immune-desert pattern. Also, three cuproptosis gene clusters were identified according to differentially expressed genes (DEGs), displaying significantly different prognoses (P < 0.001). Secondly, we developed and validated a cuproptosis risk model and the formula we utilized was: CRG_score = (-0.0887 * HSD17B2) + (0.2014 * KDELR3) + (0.1125* EFEMP1) + (0.1118 * TMEM45A). All samples were randomly divided into the training and validation sets, and the high-risk score group was strongly correlated with poor prognosis in both sets. Besides, the two risk groups displayed significant differences in the tumor microenvironment, mutation landscape, and anti-tumor agent sensitivity. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to predict individual risk, with AUC values of 0.78, 0.79, and 0.81 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year periods, correspondingly.
Conclusions
This study revealed the underlying biological patterns of cuproptosis-related genes in UC. We developed a CRG risk score that could act as a practical prognostic model to predict the clinical outcome of individual UC patients.
Patient Handoffs and Trainee Perspectives Across an Institution: A Mixed Methods Study Informing Best Practices and an Expanded Conceptual Framework for Handoffs
Authors: Williams Sarah R. , Sebok-Syer Stefanie S. , Caretta-Weyer Holly , Katznelson Laurence , Dohn Ann M. , Park Yoon Soo , Gisondi Michael A. , Tekian Ara
Published: November 2022

Background: Safe and effective physician-to-physician patient handoffs are integral to patient safety. Unfortunately, poor handoffs continue to be a major cause of medical errors. Developing a better understanding of challenges faced by health care providers is critical to address this continued patient safety threat. This study addresses the gap in the literature exploring broad, cross-specialty trainee perspectives around handoffs and provides a set of trainee-informed best practices for both training programs and institutions.
Methods: Using a constructivist paradigm, the authors conducted an explanatory-sequential mixed method study to investigate trainees’ experiences with patient handoffs across Stanford Health Care, a large academic medical center. The authors designed and administered a survey instrument including Likert-style and open-ended questions to solicit information about trainee experiences from multiple specialties. The authors performed a thematic analysis of open-ended responses.
Results: 687/1138 (60.4%) of residents and fellows responded to the survey, representing 46 training programs. There was wide variability in handoff content and process, most notably code status not being consistently mentioned a third of the time for patients who were not full code. Supervision and feedback about handoffs were inconsistently provided. Trainees identified multiple health-systems level issues that complicated handoffs and suggested solutions to these threats. Our thematic analysis identified five important aspects of handoffs: 1) handoff elements, 2) health-systems-level factors, 3) impact of the handoff, 4) agency (duty), and 5) blame and shame.
Conclusions: Health systems, interpersonal, and intrapersonal issues affect handoff communication. The authors propose an expanded theoretical framework for effective patient handoffs and provide a set of best practices that training programs and sponsoring institutions should implement to protect patient safety. Cultural and health-systems issues must be prioritized and addressed, as an undercurrent of blame and shame permeates the clinical environment.
Candidate 3-benzazepine-1-ol type GluN2B receptor radioligands (11C-NR2B-Me enantiomers) have high binding in cerebellum but not to σ1 receptors
Authors: Cai Lisheng , Liow Jeih-San , Morse Cheryl L. , Telu Sanjay , Davies Riley , Manly Lester S. , Zoghbi Sami S. , Chin Frederick T. , Innis Robert B. , Pike Victor W.
Published: November 2022

We recently reported 11C-NR2B-SMe ([S-methyl-11C](R,S)-7-thiomethoxy-3-(4-(4-methyl-phenyl)butyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d]azepin-1-ol) and its enantiomers as candidate radioligands for imaging the GluN2B subunit within rat N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. However, these radioligands gave unexpectedly high and displaceable binding in rat cerebellum, possibly due to cross-reactivity with sigma-1 (σ1) receptors. This study investigated 11C-labeled enantiomers of a close analogue (7-methoxy-3-(4-(p-tolyl)butyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d]azepin-1-ol; NR2B-Me) of 11C-NR2B-SMe as new candidate GluN2B radioligands. PET was used to evaluate these radioligands in rats and to assess potential cross-reactivity to σ1 receptors. Methods: NR2B-Me was assayed for binding affinity and selectivity to GluN2B in vitro. 11C-NR2B-Me and its enantiomers were prepared by Pd-mediated treatment of boronic ester precursors with 11C-iodomethane. Brain PET scans were conducted after radioligand intravenous injection into rats. Various ligands for GluN2B receptors or σ1 receptors were administered at set doses in pre-blocking or displacement experiments to assess their impact on imaging data. 18F-FTC146 and enantiomers of 11C-NR2B-SMe were used for comparison. Radiometabolites from brain and plasma were measured ex vivo and in vitro. Results: NR2B-Me enantiomers showed high NR2B affinity and selectivity in vitro. 11C-NR2B-Me enantiomers gave high early whole rat brain uptake of radioactivity, including high uptake in cerebellum, followed by slower decline. Radioactivity in brain at 30 minutes ex vivo was virtually all unchanged radioligand. Only less lipophilic radiometabolites appeared in plasma. When 11C-(R)-NR2B-Me was used, three high-affinity GluN2B ligands—NR2B-SMe, Ro25-6981, and CO101,244—showed increasing pre-block of whole brain radioactivity retention with increasing dose. Two σ1 receptor antagonists, FTC146 and BD1407, were ineffective pre-blocking agents. Together, these results strongly resemble those obtained with 11C-NR2B-SMe enantiomers, except that 11C-NR2B-Me enantiomers showed faster reversibility of binding. When 18F-FTC146 was used as a radioligand, FTC146 and BD1407 showed strong pre-blocking effects whereas GluN2B ligands showed only weak blocking effects. Conclusion: 11C-NR2B-Me enantiomers showed specific binding to GluN2B receptors in rat brain in vivo. High unexpected specific binding in cerebellum was not due to σ1 receptors. Additional investigation is needed to identify the source of the high specific binding.
Family physicians partnering for system change: A multiple-case study of Ontario Health Teams in development
Authors: Grady Colleen , Chan-Nguyen Sophy , Mathies David , Alam Nadia
Published: November 2022

Background
The Ontario Health Teams (OHT) model is a form of integrated care that seeks to provide coordinated delivery of care to communities across Ontario, Canada. Primary care is positioned at heart of the Ontario Health Teams model, yet physician participation and representation has been severely challenged at planning and governance tables.
Methods
The purpose of this multiple case study is to examine 1) processes and structures to enable family physician participation in OHTs and 2) describe prevalent challenges to family physician participation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with stakeholders (administrators, physicians) from OHT communities and carried out an analysis of internal and external documents to contextualize interview findings. Thematic analysis was first applied within case and then between cases.
Results
Four OHT communities participated in this study. Thirty-nine participants (17 family physicians; 22 other stakeholders) participated in the study. Over 60 documents were provided and analyzed. The study took place between June and December 2021.
Conclusions
Within-case analysis found that structures and processes should be formalized and established to facilitate physician participation. Skepticism, burnout, heavy workload, and the COVID-19 pandemic were challenges to participation. Between-case analysis found that participation varied amongst cases. Face-to-face communication processes were favoured in all cases and history of collaboration facilitated relationship-building. All cases faced similar challenges to physician participation despite regional differences.
Numerical investigation of vertical borehole heat exchanger heat transfer under coupled conditions of groundwater seepage and layered subsurface
Authors: Zhao Peng , Li Xiaozhao , Zhang Donghai , Lin Yungzhi , Zhang Ye , Ji Yukun
Published: November 2022

Vertical borehole heat exchangers (VBHEs) have been considered to be one of the best sustainable geotechnical technologies for building heating or cooling. In most of the current numerical models for the analysis of VBHE heat transfer, the assumption of subsurface homogeneity is considered. However, the actual subsurface presents a layered structure, and some aquifer groups have groundwater seepage. An improved numerical model is proposed that takes into account not only the coupled condition of groundwater seepage and the layered subsurface but also the heat transfer of VBHEs at different locations, including inside the borehole, borehole wall and outside the borehole. The model is further verified by comparing numerical predictions with in-situ experimental data. The heat transfer characteristic at these different locations under groundwater seepage and layered subsurface coupled condition is investigated. Moreover, the model is applied to investigate the thermal behaviors of VBHE arrays in two typical arrangements (matrix and staggered arrangement). Furthermore, the influence of groundwater seepage in different layers on the heat transfer ability of the VBHE is discussed. The results demonstrate that the model can comprehensively consider the influencing factors inside or outside the borehole, and can reflect the actual geological conditions of the VBHEs.
Agreement and reliability of transient elastography in patients with chronic hepatitis C - a cross-sectional test-retest study
Authors: Ljungquist Oskar , Olinder Jon , Tverring Jonas , Kjölvmark Charlott , Torisson Gustav
Published: November 2022

Background
Transient elastography (TE) has largely replaced liver biopsy to evaluate fibrosis stage and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C. Previous studies report excellent reliability of TE but agreement metrics have not been reported. This study aimed to assess inter-rater agreement and reliability of repeated TE measurements.
Methods
Two operators performed TE independently, directly after each other. The primary outcome was disagreement, defined as a difference in TE results between operators of ≥ 33%, as well as the smallest detectable change, SDC95 (i.e., the difference between measurements needed to state with 95% certainty that there is a difference in underlying stiffness). Secondary outcomes included reliability, measured as intra-class correlation, and patient and examination characteristics associated with agreement.
Results
In total, 65 patients were included, with a mean liver stiffness of 9.7 kPa. Of these, 21 (32%) had a disagreement in TE results of ≥ 33% between the two operators. The SDC95 on the log scale was 1.97, indicating that an almost twofold increase or decrease in liver stiffness would be required to confidently represent a change in the underlying fibrosis. Reliability, estimated using the intra-class correlation, was acceptable at 0.86. In a post-hoc analysis, fasting less than 5 hours before TE was associated with a higher degree of disagreement (48% vs 19%, p = 0.03).
Conclusions
In our clinical setting, agreement in directly repeated TE measurements was surprisingly low. It is essential to further investigate the reliability and agreement of TE to determine its validity and usefulness.
Revealing the Complex Relationship between Social Media Use, Social Comparison Orientation and Optimism on Health Outcomes
Authors: Gibbons Chris , Murray-Gibbons Sophie
Published: November 2022

The study assessed the influence of social media use (SMU), social comparison orientation (SCO) and optimism on wellbeing, mood and sleep quality. SCO is important because of the value of comparative information in SMU. SCO and optimism were tested as mediators between SMU and mood and wellbeing, and optimism as a moderator on the effect of SCO on mood. An online survey and correlational design were used with a convenience sample (n = 306). In terms of SMU, only passive Instagram featured as a predictor of anxiety. Optimism was the strongest predictor in enhancing wellbeing, mood and sleep quality. SCO was a predictor of adverse anxiety and wellbeing. Optimism moderated against the impact SCO had on anxiety, and optimism and SCO were mediators between SMU and wellbeing and anxiety. SCO adversely affected mood and wellbeing. Optimism predicted good sleep quality, and it functions by effecting how comparative information is processed. Understanding this better, in relation to SMU, is likely to promote healthier online interactions.
Nicotinic acid protected germinal vesicle oocyte meiosis against toxicity of benzo(a)pyrene during maturation
Authors: Huang Junjiu , Gao Min , Li Dungao , Zhan Shaoquan , Qiu Yanling , Chen Bohong , Cao Tianqi , Chen Zhiyun
Published: November 2022

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that high concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) causes oocyte and embryo developmental arrest or death resulting in early pregnancy loss. However, whether the physiological concentration of BaP exposure affects GV oocyte maturation in exposure population remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the effects of human ovarian follicular fluid concentrations of BaP on mouse and human germinal vesicle (GV) oocyte maturation. Moreover, we examined whether nicotinic acid (NA) reversed GV meiotic failure caused by BaP duringin vitromaturation (IVM). We used human ovarian follicular fluid concentrations of 5 nM BaP and/or a relatively high concentration of 50 nM group to treat GV oocytes during IVM in mice and human. We found 5 nM/50 nM BaP exposure significantly reduced first polar body extrusion during mouse GV oocytes maturation. Sirt1 protein expression decreased after BaP treatment in mouse oocytes. Moreover, BaP exposure disorganized spindle and chromosome arrangement, disrupted cortical actin cap, impaired mitochondrial redistribution, and caused DNA damage in IVM metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes. Importantly, NA supplementation (15µM) increased Sirt1 expression and significantly rescued most of the abnormal effects. We then explored the effect of 5 nM BaP on human GV oocytes, a concentration close to that in human ovarian follicular fluid, and found that BaP caused GV meiotic failure by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and markedly elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Finally, we showed that 15 µM NA supplementation partially rescued human GV oocytes from the toxicity of 5 nM BaP during IVM. Our study indicates that physiological concentrations of BaP could seriously disrupt GV oocyte IVM and cause meiotic defects leading to oocyte arrest in both mice and humans. NA partially protects GV oocyte meiosis against BaP toxicity during IVM.
Anti-leaching Pd catalyst with covalent coordination via p-band engineering for efficient acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Yue Yuxue , Wang Bolin , Wang Saisai , Zheng Beile , Zhou Qi , Zhuge Kaixuan , Chang Renqin , Jin Chunxiao , Pan Zhiyan , Cai Haiting , Zhu Yihan , Zhao Jia , Li Xiaonian
Published: November 2022

As one of the most widely used catalysts, palladium is unfortunately inefficient for practical applications due to its over-binding with alkyne species and excessive dissolution in an oxidative environment. Herein, an effective and universal strategy is developed to enhance the stability of the Pd catalyst by improving the bonding strength between Pd and chalcogen-functionalized ionic liquids (CIL) via p-band engineering. We show that Pd atoms dispersed in CIL with a unique Pd-CIL2-Cl2 coordination can achieve remarkable catalytic activity, stability, and recyclability for acetylene hydrochlorination. The catalyst has a high turnover frequency (2392 h− 1) and excellent stability (tos > 2000 h, Pd leaching 0.05 wt.%). For the other sublimable metals, such as Hg and Ru, CIL also demonstrates excellent anti-leaching performance. This work provides a versatile strategy for constructing strong covalent coupling between metal and ligands via p-band engineering for the design of highly durable metal catalysts.
First Trimester Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular cells (HUCPVC) Modulate the Kynurenine Pathway and Glutamate Neurotransmission in an LPS-induced Mouse Model of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Siddiqui Fyyaz , Gallagher Denis , Shuster-Hyman Hannah , Lopez Lianet , Gauthier-Fisher Andrée , Librach Clifford L
Published: November 2022

Background
The Kynurenine Pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation and glutamate toxicity is implicated in several neurological disorders, including depression. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-mediated immunomodulation and neuroprotection have been studied in many of these disorders, their potential to influence KP and the glutamatergic system has not yet been investigated. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of HUCPVC, a rich and potent source of MSC, on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated KP metabolites, KP enzymes, and key components of glutamate neurotransmission.
Methods
The immunomodulatory effect of peripherally administered HUCPVC on the expression profile of kynurenine pathway enzymes and metabolites was assessed in the plasma and brain of mice treated with LPS. An assessment of the glutamatergic system, including selected receptors, transporters and proteins was also conducted.
Results
HUCPVC were found to modulate LPS-induced activation of KP enzymes and metabolites in the brain associated with neurotoxicity. Moreover, the reduced expression of the glutamatergic components due to LPS was also found to be significantly improved by HUCPVC.
Conclusions
The immunomodulatory properties of HUCPVC appear to confer neuroprotection, at least in part, through their ability to modulate the KP in the brain. This KP modulation enhances neuroprotective regulators and downregulates neurotoxic consequences, including glutamate neurotoxicity, which is associated with neuroinflammation and depressive behavior.
Perturbed Iron Biology in the Prefrontal Cortex of People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Bush Ashley , Lotan Amit , Luza Sandra , Opazo Carlos , Ayton Scott , Lane Darius , Mancuso Serafino , Pereira Avril , Sundram Suresh , Weickert Cynthia , Bousman Chad , Pantelis Christos , Everall Ian
Published: November 2022

Despite loss of grey matter volume and emergence of distinct cognitive deficits in young adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, current treatments for schizophrenia do not target disruptions in late maturational reshaping of the prefrontal cortex. Iron, the most abundant transition metal in the brain, is essential to brain development and function, but in excess, it can impair major neurotransmission systems and lead to lipid peroxidation, neuroinflammation and accelerated aging. However, analysis of cortical iron biology in schizophrenia has not been reported in modern literature. Using a combination of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and western blots, we quantified iron and its major-storage protein, ferritin, in post-mortem prefrontal cortex specimens obtained from three independent, well-characterised brain tissue resources. Compared to matched controls (n=85), among schizophrenia cases (n=86) we found elevated tissue iron, unlikely to be confounded by demographic and lifestyle variables, by duration, dose and type of antipsychotic medications used or by copper levels. We further observed a loss of physiologic age-dependent iron accumulation among people with schizophrenia, in that iron level among cases was already high in young adulthood. Ferritin, which stores iron in a redox-inactive form, was paradoxically decreased in individuals with the disorder. Such iron-ferritin uncoupling would lead to more free, chemically reactive, tissue iron in key reasoning and planning areas of the young-adult schizophrenia cortex. Using a prediction model based on iron and ferritin, our data provide a pathophysiologic link between perturbed cortical iron biology and schizophrenia and indicate that achievement of optimal cortical iron homeostasis could offer a new therapeutic target.
Assessment of nutritional status and eating behavior among undergraduate nursing female students of Birbhum district of West Bengal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saha Shaonee , Biswas Reetapa , Dutta Arpita , Mohanta Varsha
Published: November 2022

Purpose

One of the most common psychological and lifestyle disorder of adolescent girls of 21st century is eating disorder (ED); characterized by preoccupation with food, body size and shape. Food restriction and overeating both are categorized under ED. The study was designed to determine ED among nursing students of Birbhum and its association with BMI, anemia and menstruation frequency.

Method

A cross-sectional study was done on 100 female nursing students of 19–20 years of a private nursing college of Birbhum with self-reported Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Height, weight and skin fold measurements were taken. Clinical signs of anemia was checked. Descriptive analyses of socio-demographic variables were done. Pearson’s Corelation between eating disorder and BMI, body fat percentage and Chi-square test for association of ED with anemia and menstruation frequency were done.

Result

11% students scored above 4 on the questionnaire suggesting presence of ED. Among them, 4 persons were overweight and 5 were obese. 24% population were detected with mild anemia among them 5 girls has eating disorder. 3% students have both ED and irregular menstruation and only 4% students of the rest have irregular menstruation. BMI and body fat percentage positively corelated with global score of eating disorder. Weight and shape concern of ED population was also found to be positively corelated.

Conclusion

Overweight and irregular menstruation are associated with eating disorder that should be taken into consideration during any eating disorder prevention programme.