bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Librarians training on Open Science
Authors:   Moldova State University, Povestca Lilia
Published: October 2022

Libraries are the basic facilitators of Open Science (OS). Continuous training of librarians on OS is one of the key requirements to be able to take advantage of Open Access (OA) opportunities and be actively involved in promoting the benefits of OA for society. The article mentions the contribution of the LIBER Digital Skills Working Group, which aims to spread a more open culture and position libraries as key partners in developing skills for the complex and forward-looking concept of OS. As an active member of the research group, the essential tasks of librarians on OS are indicated. An analysis of the situation regarding the training of specialized personnel in the libraries of the Republic of Moldova (educational practices, content and subject of training, training needs) is undertaken. Ways of training or developing skills in OS are identified, such as the impact of training and the development of skills by librarians on OS.
Persepsi Masyarakat Situ Rawa Lio terhadap Program Rumah Belajar Nusantara
Authors: Nunung Nurhayati  , Sabilla Aprilia Zulfah  , Cardianti Qatrinada
Published: October 2022

Pendidikan merupakan aspek penting dimana pendidikan merupakan suatu sistem yang menghubungkan satu dengan yang lainnya. Namun tidak semua anak beruntung mendapatkan pendidikan dan pengajaran yang baik dari keluarganya karena faktor ekonomi dan faktor sosial yang mereka lalui, keadaan ini membuat fungsi keluarga kurang optimal. Dari kondisi tersebut, muncul sebuah program pendidikan nonformal yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di wilayah Situ, yaitu Rumah Belajar Nusantara. Penelitian ini merupakan upaya untuk mengkaji pandangan masyarakat pinggiran situ terhadap keberadaan Rumah Belajar Nusantara (RBN) di kawasan pemukiman warga Situ di wilayah Depok. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, dimulai dengan observasi, penyusunan kuesioner dan wawancara sebagai alat pengumpulan data, kegiatan dokumentasi dan dilanjutkan dengan pengumpulan data serta analisis data yang akan dituangkan dalam laporan penelitian akhir. Melalui kajian ini, diharapkan pembaca bisa mengetahui persepsi masyarakat Situ mengenai Rumah Belajar Nusantara (RBN).----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Education is one of the crucial aspects in which education is a system that links one to another. However, it turns out that not all children are lucky to get good teaching and education from their families because of economic factors and the social factors they go through. This situation makes the family function less than optimal, so it is not uncommon for children to help their parents find additional income by working instead of filling their spare time by studying. From these conditions, there is a non-formal education program hoping to improve the quality of education in the Situ region, namely Rumah Belajar Nusantara. This research was an effort to assess the public's view of the presence of Rumah Belajar Nusantara (RBN) in the residential area of Situ residents in Depok area. This research method was carried out through several stages, starting with the preparation of questionnaires and interviews as a data collection tool and documentation activities, followed by data collection and data analysis, which will be included in the final research report. Through this study, it was hoped the reader can find out the public's views regarding the presence of Rumah Belajar Nusantara (RBN) in the suburb of Situ, Depok area, where the social, economic, and educational environment is still relatively low.
PENCIPTAAN PEREMPUAN PERSPEKTIF HERMENEUTIKA GEORGE J.E. GRACIA
Authors: Siti Lailatul Qomariyah
Published: October 2022

Tulisan ini bermaksud memaparkan sedikit tentang penciptaan perempuan dalam Al-Qur’an surat al-Nisa’ ayat 1 dalam analisis hermeneutika Jeorje J.E. Gracia: meliputi pemaparan teori hermeneutika Jeorje J.E. Gracia dan aplikasi teori tersebut. Pembahasan penciptaan perempuan ini sangat penting, sebab ia sangat berpengaruh pada kedudukan perempuan dalam sejarah dan konteks sekarang ini. Al-Qur’an sebagai sumber refrensi kehidupan umat Islam mempunyai pengaruh yang besar dalam perilaku kehidupan manusia. Ayat-ayat yang terpapar di dalamnya menjadi acuan hidup manusia. Maka untuk memahami isinya, perlu kiranya ia ditafsirkan secara ulang guna mendapatkan arti dan maksud yang benar. Dalam hal ini penulis menggunakan penafsiran teori Jeorje J.E. Gracia. Teori Jeorje J.E. Gracia ini meliputi tiga fungsi yaitu: fungsi historis, fungsi makna dan fungsi implikatif. Kemudian ketiga fungsi ini penulis aplikasikan dalam penafsiran ayat tentang penciptaan perempuan yang termaktub dalam kitab suci Al-Qur’an. Artikel ini mengembangkan pendapat Zitunah Subhan bahwa penting memahami kedudukan perempuan secara utuh dari era pra Islam. Sebagai hasil, pada bagian fungsi historis ditemukan tentang keadaan masyarakat ketika ayat Al-Qur’an diturunkan, yaitu kedudukan perempuan yang rendah dan termarginalkan. Adapun pada bagian fungsi makna didapat kesimpulan bahwa perempuan tercipta dari jenis yang sama dengan laki-laki, bukan dari diri Adam. Sedangkan pada bagian fungsi implikatif, ditemukan bahwa konsep penciptaan perempuan ini ternyata mempunyai sinkronisasi dengan teori gender. Dari teori gender tersebut melahirkan pemahaman bahwa laki-laki dan perempuan adalah setara. Mereka memiliki derajat dan kedudukan yang sama.
MOHAMMED ARKOUN’S THOUGHT ON METHODOLOGY OF INTERPRETING THE QUR’AN
Authors: Syaiful Arief
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi pemikiran Arkoun tentang Al-Qur'an dan Metodologi Tafsirnya. Dalam pandangan Arkoun, wahyu sebagai sumber petunjuk bagi umat manusia harus diperlakukan tidakhanya sebagai sesuatu yang sakral, tetapi juga harus diperhatikan bahwa ia muncul untuk kemaslahatan umat manusia. Wahyu yang diwujudkan menjadi muṣḥāf, bagi Arkoun, harus dikajidengan pendekatan modern dengan menggunakan ilmu-ilmu multidisiplin. Sehingga, kita dapat mengungkap substansi pesan wahyu secara maksimal. Namun yang terpenting adalah pengungkapan makna wahyu tidak boleh diikuti atau dibingkai oleh kepentingan ideologis dan politik atau kepentingan profan lainnya, yang akan mereduksi wahyu menjadi semacam pembenaran atau legitimasi. Apa yang dikemukakan Arkoun dalam metodologi interpretasinya meliputi pendekatan sebagai berikut: pertama, Interpretasi Linguistik-Semiotik dan Sastra. Dengan pendekatan- pendekatan tersebut, ia ingin mendalami makna Al-Qur'an dengan menjelaskan setiap kata dan susunan sintaksis Al-Qur'an. Al-Qur'an terdiri dari tanda dan simbol yang dapat dianalisis secara semiotik untuk mencapai makna yang terdalam, dan jauh dari sudut pandang ideologis. Kedua, Interpretasi Historis-Antropologis. Pendekatan ini memperkenalkan Quran sebagai bagian dari sejarah kehidupan. Kemudian, untuk memahami Al-Qur'an dengan baik, penafsir harus memahami bahwa Al-Qur'an memuat banyak cerita di balik proses turunnya. Arkoun menyadari bahwa metode ini jelas untuk menantang semua interpretasi sakralisasi dan transendentalisasi yang dihasilkan oleh penalaran teologis tradisional. Ketiga, Tafsir Teologis-Religius. Ini digunakan sebagai alternatif terakhir untuk membaca Al-Qur'an. Arkoun menunjukkan dua karakteristik penting dari pendekatan ini. Pertama, semua jenis bacaan yang berorientasi pada keyakinan berada di bawah "kandang dogmatis". Kedua, karya-karya tafsir monumental awal berkontribusi pada perkembangan historis "tradisi yang hidup".
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PERSON-CENTERED CLINICAL METHOD IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: A STUDY IN PORTO ALEGRE, BRAZIL
Authors: De Castro Rodrigo Caprio Leite , Riva Knauth Daniela
Published: October 2022

Background. The medical approach is influenced by several factors present at the patient, doctor, health service, society, and culture levels. Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to establish the degree of person-centeredness of care attributed by patients to the clinical approach of physicians from a primary health care (PHC) service and to ascertain its association with variables related to the care recipient. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of patients (n = 408) with hypertension and/or diabetes treated at 12 health centers belonging to a PHC network in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The degree of person-centered clinical method (PCCM) orientation was measured by the “Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness” (PPPC) questionnaire. Results. The variables “educational attainment” and “duration of follow-up with the same physician” were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of low overall PPPC scores (corresponding to higher patient centeredness) assigned to physicians by the patients (PR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02–1.06, p-value < 0.001 and PR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00–1.02, p-value = 0.032, respectively). On the other hand, the variables “living alone” and “fair/poor/very poor self-perception of health” were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of person centeredness (PR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.96, p-value = 0.011 and PR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.77–1.00, p-value = 0.041, respectively). Conclusions. These findings demonstrate that clinical approaches to people with a high level of social vulnerability require improvement, and that the length of follow-up provided by one physician can be an indicator of the extent to which providers are able to deliver person-centered care.
IMPROVING OUTCOMES BY ACHIEVING PERSON-CENTERED CARE: A MODEL TO GUIDE PERSON-FOCUSED PRACTICE
Authors: O’Toole Gjyn
Published: October 2022

Governments and organizations around the world have adopted the term person-centered care to describe and guide health care services and policies. While this concept is valued in practice it seems it is not always evident to the person/families. This unfortunate reality prompted exploration of this concept. The aim of this exploration was to identify the recognized characteristics of person/family-centered practice. It identified the difficulty of defining this type of practice along with potential barriers to achieving person-centered care in everyday practice. This led to the development of a model to guide all health professionals and guide education of trainee health professionals for delivering person/family-centered care. Exploration of a person-centered approach targeted literature specifically discussing person/family-centered care. The results led to the creation of a three-step model of person/family-centered goals and practice. The model has implications for all health professionals. It suggests characteristics of effective person/family-centered care, thereby potentially producing the ultimate aim of health care: satisfying outcomes for all stakeholders including the person/family, health professionals, employers, and policy makers.
Precis of the Mismeasure of the Self
Authors: Tanesini Alessandra ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2022

In this precis, I offer an overview of The Mismeasure of the Self (2021). The book provides accounts of the psychology and epistemology of virtues and vices of self-evaluation such as humility, arrogance, servility, vanity and timidity. I adopt the social psychological framework of attitudes to explain that these virtues and vices are underpinned by clusters of mental states that are the product of motivated cognition, and which, in turn, promote motivated reasoning. I show that each virtue and vice is accompanied by a characteristic emotion. I assess whether we are responsible for vices and briefly describe an ameliorative intervention.
I am Not Myself: Augustine, Locke, and Levinas on the Self
Authors: Bernasconi Robert ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2022

The duality or separation of self and me is central to the thinking of Emmanuel Levinas, but it is difficult to understand, not least because of the powerful hold that John Locke’s account of personal identity still has on our thinking of the self. By drawing on Augustine and especially Jean-Luc Marion’s reading of Augustine in In the Self’s Place, it is possible to gain insight into Augustine’s not yet Lockean account of the self so as to arrive at Levinas’s no longer Lockean account.
Evaluation of disinfection methods for anesthetic cartridges
Authors: De-Paiva Cristina Ramos , Bandeira Rejane Laranja , Moura Andrezza Lauria de , Toda Carina , Jesus Giorge Pessoa de
Published: October 2022

This study proposes a methodology to disinfect anesthetic cartridges used in the dental clinics of the Federal University of Amazonas. The research used 50 glass and 50 plastic cartridges. The anesthetic cartridges were disinfected through two different methods: immersion and friction. The experiments were carried out in two distinct sets: microbiological test and experimental validation, using 70% Alcohol, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, 2% Chlorhexidine, and 0.5% Chlorhexidine with Alcohol. The analysis of the results was based on mean and standard deviation statistical estimators obtained by the MATLAB software. Experiments conducted on plastic cartridges employing immersion in disinfectants elucidated that 2% Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Chlorhexidine produced better results than 70% Alcohol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. For the experiments with glass material, 70% Alcohol and 2% Chlorhexidine presented the best results. In the experiments with different types of friction disinfections on the plastic material, the disinfectants 70% Alcohol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone presented similar performances. The disinfectants 2% Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Chlorhexidine obtained the best results compared to disinfectants 70% Alcohol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. The analysis of experiments carried out with friction disinfection on glass found that the disinfectants 2% Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Chlorhexidine were similar. Moreover, the 2% Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Chlorhexidine disinfectants outperformed 70% Alcohol and 2% Chlorhexidine. Considering the efficacy of disinfection by disinfectant solutions evaluated in this study, the friction method with 2% Chlorhexidine proved to be more effective with the different disinfection methods.
Resistance Tests with UBC Series Fishing Vessels
Authors: Calisal S. M. , Mikkelsen J. , McGreer D.
Published: October 2022

Resistance model test results for a systematic series of low LIB, heavy displacement vessels are presented. The UBC Series is based on west coast seiners and trawlers. These vessels have low LIB and L/V/1/3 values that are outside the range of existing model series data. A parent hull form was developed that has 14% less resistance and yet has the same displacement as a typical fishing vessel. A series of 13 models was generated by systematically varying L/B, BIT and Cb. Results from resistance tests in calm water are presented. From these model tests, an algorithm has been developed to predict the resistance of similar small vessels. The implementation of bulbous bows to the parent hull shows reduction in the overall resistance by approximately 17%. Also, the introduction of stern fairing reduces the resistance by about 25% at the design speed.
Cavitation Scaling Experiments with Axisymmetric Bodies
Authors: Kuhn de Chizelle Y. P. , Ceccio S. L. , Brennan C. E. , Shen Y.
Published: October 2022

Several experiments performed by Ceccio and Brennen ( 1991, 1989) and Kumar and Brennen 1992, 1991) have closely examined the interaction between individual cavitation bubbles and the boundary layer, as well as statistical properties of the acoustical signals produced by the bubble collapse. All of these experiments were, however, conducted in the same facility with the same head form size (5.08cm in diameter) and over a fairly narrow range of flow velocities (around 9m/s). Clearly this raises the issue of how the phenomena identified change with speed, scale and facility. The present paper describes experiments conducted in order to try to answer some of these important questions regarding the scaling of the cavitation phenomena. The experiments were conducted in the Large Cavitation Channel of the David Taylor Research Center in Memphis Tennessee, on geometrically similar Schiebe head forms which are 5. 0 8, 25.4 and 50.8cm in diameter for speeds ranging up to 15m/s and for a range of cavitation numbers.
Flow Field Measurements at a Free Surface Using Digital Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Hamilton J. , Fish S. , Anthony D.
Published: October 2022

A new tool for flow field measurement is in use at the David Taylor Model Basin (DTMB) The Digital Particle, Image Velocimetry (DPIV) technique developed by Willert and Gharib (1) has been used to measure the flow fields of a 2D standing wave and of a laminar vortex pair interacting with 2D traveling waves at a free surface. Application of the DPIV technique to free surface flows introduces new measurement challenges a􀍤 the position of the non-stationary surface is not known a priori, but must be determined from the video images themselves.

The initial application of the DPIV technique at DTMB has shown that it is a useful tool for flow field measurement and visualization with a high throughput rate. It is possible to obtain flow field measurements in almost rea1 time, and the results are immediately available for use in directing experimental efforts. It is envisioned that a myriad of applications will be found for the DPIV technique at DTMB, including the mapping of flow fields around hull forms, appendages, and propulsors.
Two Novel Free Surface Measurement Techniques Developed at DTMB
Authors: Chang P. A. , Ratcliffe T. J. , Rice J. R. , McGuigan S.
Published: October 2022

Capacitance wave probes have been traditionally used at DTMB for measuring the wave heights in the Kelvin wake of towed surface ship models. Two new wave height measurement systems have recently been developed at DTMB: a laser wave height probe, using a linear array of charged couple devices, and a surface sensing mechanical probe. These devices represent improvements to the capacitance probes in the form of reduced and/or eliminated susceptibility to contamination and increased frequency response. In this paper, the physics of operation of the measurement systems and design considerations for their optimization will be discussed. Measurements of the free surface in a regular wave field, and for longitudinal wavecuts with a ship-model, over a wide Froude number range, have been made. Based on experimental results, evaluations of the various attributes and shortcomings of each type of probe will be made.
Repeatability of Resistance Experiments in Ice with a 1:20 Scale Model of the Canadian R-Class Icebreaker
Authors: Newbury S.
Published: October 2022

A series of experiments was initiated at IMD's model ice basin to determine the experimental error that may be expected in the results of ice resistance tests. A set of nine ice sheets was dedicated to the study, in which a 1 :20 scale model of the R-Class icebreaker was tested in EG/ AD/S model ice. The test length for each model resistance test varied from one and one-half model lengths to two and one half model lengths for the higher velocities, as well as several tests through the full length of the ice sheet ( approximately 70 m). The test results were corrected to nominal ice conditions according to standard IMD procedures, and these results were then compared to determine the resistance variation.
A New Systematic Series of Planing Hulls
Authors: Delgado G. , Lacy G. E. , Hsiung C. C.
Published: October 2022

In the last few decades the performance of planing hulls has been researched by conducting model series such as, Series 62 [l]), Series 65 [2], Fridsma' s rough water series [ 3] , the Naval Academy Series [ 4 J , and the Dutch Series [SJ. However, the geometry of planing hulls has changed considerably from that tested in the above series, and consequently there is a need to provide designers and researchers with new performance data based on modern hull shapes. The Naval Architecture Program of the Technical University of Nova Scotia, in conjunction with the University's Centre for Marine Vessel Design and Research (CMVDR) is completing a program to design and test a systematic series of hulls representative of the modern-day planing craft.
Padre Pedro Grenón, el santo de la “sotana raída”. Aproximación a su labor historiográfica.
Authors: Reyna Berrotarán Denise
Published: October 2022

This article approaches the historiographical work of a Jesuit priest-historian of Córdoba, Argentina: Father Pedro Grenón (1878-1974), recognized for his work in the archives, the publication of documents and his profuse writing. Grenón has been little studied in the Historiography of Córdoba. That is why this work is an exploratory of his vast work and biography as a historian. Although his religious facet was also important, this work will focus on his historiographical work and is part of a larger object: the study of the processes of institutionalization of Cordovan historiography.

Este artículo realiza una aproximación al trabajo historiográfico de un sacerdote-historiador jesuita de Córdoba, Argentina: padre Pedro Grenón (1878-1974), reconocido por su trabajo en los archivos, la publicación de documentos y su profusa escritura. Grenón ha sido poco trabajado en la Historiografía de Córdoba. Es por esto que este trabajo resulta exploratorio de su vasta obra y biografía como historiador. Si bien su faceta religiosa también revistió importancia, este trabajo se centrará en la labor historiográfica y forma parte de un objeto mayor: el estudio de los procesos de institucionalización de la historiografía cordobesa.
Dossier. Introducción
Authors: Orta Moreno Laura , Martínez Llamas David
Published: October 2022

Dossier. Introduction

Dossier. Introducción
Musikalske Besøgsvenner 2021- fra eksperiment til hybridt koncertformat
Authors: Bakkær Munk Andersen Amalie , Hede Kenni , Schneidermann Nanna
Published: October 2022

Denne rapport beskriver og analyserer resultaterne af den første fase af Musikalske Besøgs- venner (2020-2021). Projektets formål var at udvikle et nyt, intimt hjemmekoncert format ved at afholde 100 koncerter hjemme hos brugere af besøgsvennetjenester og undersøge koncer- ternes værdi som sundheds- og trivselsfremmende fra publikums og kunstneres perspektiv. Projektet er et samarbejde mellem ROSA og Aarhus Universitet, sammen med ti kunstnere og en række besøgsvennetjenester. I perioden april 2020 til maj 2021 har vi indsamlet læring og erfaringer fra projektet hos både deltagende besøgsvennepar og kunstnere med udgangspunkt i etnografiske og visuelle, del- tagende metoder. Rapporten fremlægger resultater af forskningssamarbejdet og giver en række anbefalinger til projektets næste fase.
Analyzing the brainstem circuits for respiratory chemosensitivity in freely moving mice
Authors: Bhandare Amol , van de Wiel Joseph , Roberts Reno , Braren Ingke , Huckstepp Robert , Dale Nicholas
Published: October 2022

Regulation of systemic PCO2 is a life-preserving homeostatic mechanism. In the medulla oblongata, the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and rostral medullary Raphe are proposed as CO2 chemosensory nuclei mediating adaptive respiratory changes. Hypercapnia also induces active expiration, an adaptive change thought to be controlled by the lateral parafacial region (pFL). Here, we use GCaMP6 expression and head-mounted mini-microscopes to image Ca2+ activity in these nuclei in awake adult mice during hypercapnia. Activity in the pFL supports its role as a homogenous neuronal population that drives active expiration. Our data show that chemosensory responses in the RTN and Raphe differ in their temporal characteristics and sensitivity to CO2, raising the possibility these nuclei act in a coordinated way to generate adaptive ventilatory responses to hypercapnia. Our analysis revises the understanding of chemosensory control in awake adult mouse and paves the way to understanding how breathing is coordinated with complex non-ventilatory behaviours.
Starting to have sexual intercourse is associated with increases in cervicovaginal immune mediators in young women: a prospective study and meta-analysis
Authors: Hughes Sean M , Levy Claire N , Calienes Fernanda L , Martinez Katie A , Selke Stacy , Tapia Kenneth , Chohan Bhavna H , Oluoch Lynda , Kiptinness Catherine , Wald Anna , Ghosh Mimi , Hardy Liselotte , Ngure Kenneth , Mugo Nelly R , Hladik Florian , Roxby Alison C
Published: October 2022

Background:

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are at high risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is unknown whether beginning to have sexual intercourse results in changes to immune mediators in the cervicovaginal tract that contribute to this risk.

Methods:

We collected cervicovaginal lavages from Kenyan AGYW in the months before and after first penile-vaginal sexual intercourse and measured the concentrations of 20 immune mediators. We compared concentrations pre- and post-first sex using mixed effect models. We additionally performed a systematic review to identify similar studies and combined them with our results by meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Results:

We included 180 samples from 95 AGYW, with 44% providing only pre-first sex samples, 35% matched pre and post, and 21% only post. We consistently detected 19/20 immune mediators, all of which increased post-first sex (p<0.05 for 13/19; Holm-Bonferroni-adjusted p<0.05 for IL-1β, IL-2, and CXCL8). Effects remained similar after excluding samples with STIs and high Nugent scores. Concentrations increased cumulatively over time after date of first sex, with an estimated doubling time of about 5 months.

Our systematic review identified two eligible studies, one of 93 Belgian participants, and the other of 18 American participants. Nine immune mediators were measured in at least two-thirds of studies. Meta-analysis confirmed higher levels post-first sex for 8/9 immune mediators (p<0.05 for six mediators, most prominently IL-1α, IL-1β, and CXCL8).

Conclusions:

Cervicovaginal immune mediator concentrations were higher in women who reported that they started sexual activity. Results were consistent across three studies conducted on three different continents.

Funding:

This research was funded by R01 HD091996-01 (ACR), by P01 AI 030731-25 (Project 1) (AW), R01 AI116292 (FH), R03 AI154366 (FH) and by the Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) of the University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center AI027757.
Continuous sensing of IFNα by hepatic endothelial cells shapes a vascular antimetastatic barrier
Authors: Tran Ngoc Lan , Ferreira Lorena Maria , Alvarez-Moya Blanca , Buttiglione Valentina , Ferrini Barbara , Zordan Paola , Monestiroli Andrea , Fagioli Claudio , Bezzecchi Eugenia , Scotti Giulia Maria , Esposito Antonio , Leone Riccardo , Gnasso Chiara , Brendolan Andrea , Guidotti Luca G , Sitia Giovanni
Published: October 2022

Hepatic metastases are a poor prognostic factor of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and new strategies to reduce the risk of liver CRC colonization are highly needed. Herein, we used mouse models of hepatic metastatization to demonstrate that the continuous infusion of therapeutic doses of interferon-alpha (IFNα) controls CRC invasion by acting on hepatic endothelial cells (HECs). Mechanistically, IFNα promoted the development of a vascular antimetastatic niche characterized by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) defenestration extracellular matrix and glycocalyx deposition, thus strengthening the liver vascular barrier impairing CRC trans-sinusoidal migration, without requiring a direct action on tumor cells, hepatic stellate cells, hepatocytes, or liver dendritic cells (DCs), Kupffer cells (KCs) and liver capsular macrophages (LCMs). Moreover, IFNα endowed LSECs with efficient cross-priming potential that, along with the early intravascular tumor burden reduction, supported the generation of antitumor CD8+ T cells and ultimately led to the establishment of a protective long-term memory T cell response. These findings provide a rationale for the use of continuous IFNα therapy in perioperative settings to reduce CRC metastatic spreading to the liver.
Aggregating pairwise semantic differences for few-shot claim verification
Authors: Zeng Xia , Zubiaga Arkaitz
Published: October 2022

As part of an automated fact-checking pipeline, the claim verification task consists in determining if a claim is supported by an associated piece of evidence. The complexity of gathering labelled claim-evidence pairs leads to a scarcity of datasets, particularly when dealing with new domains. In this article, we introduce Semantic Embedding Element-wise Difference (SEED), a novel vector-based method to few-shot claim verification that aggregates pairwise semantic differences for claim-evidence pairs. We build on the hypothesis that we can simulate class representative vectors that capture average semantic differences for claim-evidence pairs in a class, which can then be used for classification of new instances. We compare the performance of our method with competitive baselines including fine-tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)/Robustly Optimized BERT Pre-training Approach (RoBERTa) models, as well as the state-of-the-art few-shot claim verification method that leverages language model perplexity. Experiments conducted on the Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER) and SCIFACT datasets show consistent improvements over competitive baselines in few-shot settings. Our code is available.
Realization of Deep Integration of Information Technology and University Education Development
Authors: Liang Qiao , Cui Lei
Published: October 2022

Realization of deep integration of information technology and university education development is the key focus of this paper. We should then consider establishing a specification for the construction of digital resources for continuing education and a certification system for online education courses promote the establishment of a co-construction and sharing mechanism for high-quality digital education resources, and provide high-quality digital education resources for all types of learners in the whole society. This paper gives the novel ideas to consider the deep integration of information technology and university education. The details are discussed and application scenarios are considered as well.
Exploration on the Blended Learning Mode Of Physical Education Teaching In Colleges and Universities Under the Background of Internet +
Authors: Xianpeng Dai
Published: October 2022

Exploration on the blended learning mode of physical education teaching in colleges and universities under the background of Internet + is studied in this manuscript. We should organize various activities for students to observe classes or focus on teaching and training, so that physical education teachers can raise their awareness, popularize traditional national physical education teaching methods, and truly inherit and spread the cultural treasures of our country. For example, Skinner's procedural approach to the teaching, Skinner found through experiments. Animal behavior can be formed using the method of gradual reinforcement of operant conditioning reflexes. This paper gives the novel ideas regarding the blended learning mode of physical education teaching in colleges and universities under the background of Internet +.
Construct of Racial Cultural Identity in Dramatic “Reversal”
Authors: Bo CUI
Published: October 2022

Aristotle expounds in his Poetics the function of “reversal” in producing twists and turns of drama plot. The expounding is however confined to its formal function. In the tragicomedy “A Raisin in the Sun”, the playwright Lorraine Hansberry breaks through the confinement and employs creatively “reversal” as a link to connect the “explicit” plot with the “implicit” cultural context. Hansberry uses the main characters’ reversal of fate in the explicit plot to bring forth the value narrative in the implicit cultural context. Reversal urges the characters to forsake the values of white oppressors and to reclaim the root of African American culture so that they are on the right track to construct their racial cultural identity.
Vulnerabilidad humana y el uso del término “adultos vulnerables” ante los abusos eclesiales a mayores de edad
Authors:   Instituto de Teología Egidio Viganó, Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez, Chile, Montero Carolina
Published: October 2022

La expresión adulto vulnerable ha surgido, en relación con el abuso eclesial, como definición de ciertas víctimas mayores de edad. Admitiendo que el reconocimiento de estas en la Iglesia católica es un avance hacia la reparación del daño perpetrado, el uso de la expresión adultos vulnerables para describirlas es ambiguo, y analizado desde la perspectiva de la antropología teológica, incorrecto. Redefiniendo la categoría ético-antropológica de vulnerabilidad como una característica humana a la vez inherente y situacional, queda claro que todas las personas son sujetos potenciales de abusos.
El Abuso Espiritual de Religiosas. Caso Estudio: Las Siervas del Plan de Dios
Authors:   Catholic Theological College, Auckland, Figueroa Rocío , Tombs David ,   Centre for Theology and Public Issues. University of Otago, New Zealand
Published: October 2022

Este estudio propone que el término "abuso espiritual" es útil para comprender el maltrato sistémico experimentado por seis ex religiosas que pertenecían a la comunidad "Siervas del Plan de Dios" provenientes de Perú, Chile, Colombia y Ecuador. Nuestra intención es examinar el abuso espiritual manifiestado en símbolos, textos, enseñanzas, rituales, oraciones y en la forma de liderazgo. Se evaluará cómo el abuso espiritual puede contribuir a una visión distorsionada de la obediencia y a una cultura tóxica dentro de la vida religiosa.
Genus Vernonia (Asteraceae): A Promising Source of Antitumor Agents with Pharmacological Potentials
Authors: Gonzatto Vitor , Araújo Regina Maria Sousa de , Albuquerque Lidiane Pereira de
Published: October 2022

Antitumor research leads to the development of new molecules that act specifically in tumor cells by blocking or inhibiting their molecular targets. New therapeutic approaches for the screening of bioactive compounds present in medicinal plants have received increasing attention due to their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties. In ethnomedicine, plants of the genus Vernonia (Asteraceae) are widely used and some have shown several and interesting biological activities, including anticancer. This present study aimed to document experimental evidence supporting the claimed ethnomedical uses of Vernonia species for the treatment of various types of cancer and also to confirm the anticancer potential of these plants. The compounds isolated from aqueous and alcoholic extracts, as well as fractions from different parts of Vernonia plants have acted as potential anticancer agents that inhibited the proliferation of various types of human cancer cell lines, including cervical cancer cells, melanoma cells, promyelocytic leucemia cells, breast adenocarcinoma cells, ovarian cancer, liver cancer cell, and human lung cancer cells. Studies have correlated the antitumor activity of Vernonia plants by inducing apoptosis and modulating mitochondrial signaling pathways controlled by NF-κB, Bcl-2 and p53, as well as inducing DNA damage and arresting the cell cycle at the S-phase checkpoint by oxidative stress. In conclusion, Vernonia species act as a promising source for drug development. However, further studies are needed to explore the exact mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, chronic toxicological studies, safe dose consumption, and possible interactions with other herbs.
Carbon Sequestration Potential of Roadside Trees in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Khan Sidra , Hussain Syed Bilal
Published: October 2022

Trees along roadside play an important role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. Vehicular pollution is not only responsible for environmental degradation but also cause various health issues to inhabitants resides in the vicinity of such roads.  Present study was conducted to observe the role of trees grown along roadside and their underneath soil are efficient in carbon storage at four different sites of Multan city, Punjab, Pakistan. Four sites covering whole Multan city were chosen namely Khaniwal road (S1); Nangshah road (S2); Shujaabad road (S3). and Boson road (S4). The most abundant of the tree species viz-a-viz, Dalbergia sissoo, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Vachellia nilotica were sampled having 10 trees across 04 sites and measured for their diameter and height, whereas, underneath each tree soil samples were extracted at two depths viz., (0-20) (20-40) were recorded during the field visit. The study calculated biomass using allometric equations while soil organic carbon and organic carbon was assessed using Walkely Black method. Although species have different height and diameter, hence, their sequestration rate was also different. Data revealed that in all four sites the carbon sequestration rate remained higher in E. camaldulensis for biomass (Above ground, Belowground and total biomass), carbon and soil organic carbon estimation. as compared to D.sissoo and V. nilotica at all four sites. This research concluded that E. camaldulensis species may be be planted along the roadside due to its higher carbon sequestration rate in maintaining health roadside ecosystem.
Optimization of Pectinase Production from Bacillus subtilis PSE-8 Using Cassava Peels as Substrate in Submerged Fermentation through Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Echesi Stephen Ajuluchukwu , Ire Francis Sopuruchukwu , Odu Ngozi Nma
Published: October 2022

Pectinases are widely used in food processing, textile and other allied industries. Cassava peels generated from cassava processing outfits constitutes one of the major environmental pollutions in Nigeria and there is need to find alternative economic value of the waste instead of indiscriminately disposing them as currently done. This study reports the optimization of pectinase production from Bacillus subtilis PSE-8 using cassava peels as substrate in submerged fermentation through response surface methodology. The pectinase-producing bacterium was isolated from a dump site at a fruit market in Oyigbo, Rivers state. Pectinase production was screened on agar plate with pectin as sole carbon source and zone of clearance recorded. Optimization was performed using central composite design of RSM. Four independent variables (pH, temperature, incubation time, and cassava peel concentration) at five levels each were used in the design which generated a total of twenty-five runs. The responses monitored were pectinase production (U/mL) and biomass (mg/mL). The bacterial isolate was identified using cultural, biochemical, and molecular (16S rRNA gene) analyses. Out of 8 bacterial isolates screened for pectinase-producing potential, 5 isolates showed varying zone of inhibition. PSE-8 showed highest zone of inhibition of 9 mm when screened on Agar plate using pectin as sole carbon source. Data obtained from RSM indicated the highest pectinase production (117.5 U/mL) at pH 9, temperature 45oC, cassava peel concentration 3 % w/v and incubation time of 3 days. The pectinase-producing bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis PSE-8 based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This study demonstrated that inexpensive cassava peel can be used as carbon source to produce pectinase by Bacillus subtilis PSE-8. Thus, will help to reduce the environmental pollution posed by the usual indiscriminate disposal of the waste as well as encourage reduction in the cost of pectinase production. RSM technique effectively showed a positive interaction between the different factors studied. The pectinase produced by this bacterium could be applied in various food processing and other allied industries.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Saudi Women: Systematic Review
Authors: Messawa Maha Fouad , Omar Salma Yousef , Babagi Reem Ahmed , Alradadi Basim Mohammad , Qalai Dalia abdullah
Published: October 2022

Background: About 15% of all clinically confirmed pregnancies around the world, result in spontaneous loss. More than 80% of miscarriages occur in the first trimester, or before 12 weeks of gestation, and almost half of them are caused by chromosomal abnormalities. The loss of three or more pregnancies in a row constitutes recurrent miscarriage; there are several potential reasons. According to the WHO, the phases of spontaneous miscarriage are: Threatened miscarriage, inevitable miscarriage, incomplete miscarriage, and full miscarriage. This article will be looking at different RPL causes, its prevalence and psychological effects on Saudi women.

Objectives: The study aims to summarize current evidences regarding recurrent pregnancy lost risk factors, and its prevalence among Saudi women in different demographics and regions.

Methods: For article selection, the PubMed database and EBSCO Information Services were used. All relevant articles relevant with our topic and other articles were used in our review. Other articles that were not related to this field were excluded. The data was extracted in a specific format that was reviewed by the group members.

Conclusion: Our study included 9 studies in total, 3 of these studies focused on the                   prevalence of RPL in different Saudi regions, 5 others focused on different risk factors correlated with miscarriage among Saudi women such as genetic reasons, long working hours                             and consanguinity. One study included discussed the psychological effects of RPL on Saudi women.
Mixed‐Dimensional Pt–Ni Alloy Polyhedral Nanochains as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Xia Tianyu , Zhao Kai , Zhu Youqi , Bai Xiaoyan , Gao Han , Wang Ziyu , Gong Yue , Feng Menglin , Li Shunfang , Zheng Qiang , Wang Shouguo , Wang Rongming , Guo Haizhong
Published: October 2022

Pt nanocatalysts play a critical role in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) due to their appropriate adsorption/desorption energy, yet suffer from an unbalanced relationship between size‐dependent activity and stability. Herein, mixed‐dimensional Pt–Ni alloy polyhedral nanochains (Pt–Ni PNCs) with an ordered assembly of a nanopolyhedra–nanowire–nanopolyhedra architecture are fabricated as bifunctional electrocatalysts for DMFCs, effectively alleviating the size effect. The Pt–Ni PNCs exhibit 7.23 times higher mass activity for the anodic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) than that of commercial Pt/C. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and CO stripping measurements demonstrate the prominent stability of the Pt–Ni PNCs to resist CO poisoning. For the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a positive half‐wave potential exceeding Pt/C is achieved by the Pt–Ni PNCs, and it can be well maintained for 10 000 cycles with negligible activity decay. The designed nanostructure can alleviate the agglomeration and dissolution problems of 0D small‐sized Pt–Ni alloy nanocrystals and enrich surface atom steps and active facets of 1D chain‐like nanostructures. This work provides a proposed strategy to improve the catalytic performance of Pt‐based nanocatalysts by constructing novel interfacial relationships in mixed dimensions to alleviate the imbalance between catalytic activity and catalytic stability caused by size effects.
Overview of 6π 1,5‐Electrocyclization over the Past 40 Years
Authors: Huang Zhiqiang , Liu Wei , Zhang Wen‐Xiong
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive Summary

As an important part of pericyclic reaction, 6π 1,5‐electrocyclization plays an important role in organic synthesis and chemical theory. Many types of five‐membered rings could be constructed via 1,5‐electrocyclization with high atom economy. Some elegant works have been reported in this field in the past few decades. However, it still needs a lot of effort in further advancements of 1,5‐electrocyclization. This review summarized the development of 1,5‐electrocyclization relying on stepwise, stoichiometric, or catalytic approaches. The 1,5‐electrocyclization reaction will be divided into three categories: aza 1,5‐electrocyclization, all‐carbon 1,5‐electrocyclization and other heteroatoms (O, P, S) involved 1,5‐electrocyclization, and related mechanistic studies will also be involved in this review.
Attitudes Towards Food Allergy Scale: Psychometric properties and associations with food allergy quality of life and anxiety
Authors: Lins de Holanda Coelho Gabriel , Pereira Monteiro Renan , DunnGalvin Audrey
Published: October 2022

Background

Daily, we tend to evaluate things positively or negatively, according to whether they follow the general information available about them. This attitudinal assessment is represented through evaluative dimensions (e.g., good‐bad) that vary in terms of valence (positive or negative) and strength (less or more). Despite its importance, there is an urge in food allergy (FA) research to properly assess attitudes based on the underlying mechanisms that define attitudes.

Objective

The present research aimed to develop the Attitudes Towards Food Allergy scale (ATFAS), the first attitudinal measure of FA. Method: Two studies were performed (n = 1049), using a range of robust statistical analyses (e.g., Item Response Theory, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis).

Results

Our results provided strong evidence for a unidimensional attitudinal structure, across groups of non‐allergic individuals and food‐allergic, besides recommended reliability levels. All items presented suitable parameters (i.e., discrimination, difficulty, information). Finally, the ATFAS significantly predicted FA quality of life, mediated by FA anxiety.

Conclusion

We are confident that the ATFAS is a novel and necessary measure, that can help to widen how we view and assess FA. The development of studies that assess attitudes towards FA based on our general information about the disorder would help to deepen our understanding of their links to other health‐related variables and their potential impact on quality of life, reduce FA's stigma, and develop more positive attitudes.