bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Network of Change: United Action on Research Integrity
Authors: Evans Thomas Rhys , Pownall Madeleine , Collins Elizabeth , Henderson Emma Louise , Pickering Jade Samantha , O'Mahony Aoife , Zaneva Mirela , Jaquiery Matt , Dumbalska Tsvetomira
Published: April 2022

The last decade has seen renewed concern within the scientific community over the reproducibility and transparency of research findings. This paper outlines some of the various responsibilities of stakeholders in addressing the systemic issues that contribute to this concern. In particular, this paper asserts that a united, joined-up approach is needed, in which all stakeholders, including researchers, universities, funders, publishers, and governments, work together to set standards of research integrity and engender scientific progress and innovation. Using two developments as examples: the adoption of Registered Reports as a discrete initiative, and the use of open data as an ongoing norm change, we discuss the importance of collaboration across stakeholders.
Citation Graph Analysis and Alignment between Citation Adjacency and Themes or Topics of Publications in the Area of Disease Control through Social Network Surveillance
Authors: Boudourides Moses , Stevens Andrew , Tsakonas Giannis , Lenis Sergios Tomas
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a Data-Network Science study on a dataset of publications archived in The Semantic Scholar Open Research Corpus (S2ORC) database and categorized under the area of “Disease Control through Social Network Surveillance,” an area abbreviated from now on as “DCSNS.” In particular, our dataset consists of 10866 documents (which are articles and reviews), retrieved through a Boolean search, published in the period from 1983, the first year of cataloguing such publications in S2ORC, to 2020. Retrieving also the corpus of abstracts of these documents (publications) and applying the standard LDA Topic Modeling technique, we found an optimal number of six topics producing the maximum topic coherence score among the corresponding topic models with varying numbers of topics. In that matter, the network of our study becomes a directed citation graph of publications in the area of DCSNS, with nodes/publications labeled by the Topics (into which Topic Modeling categorizes words from their abstracts). Our aim is to study global and local network properties with regards to clustering under triadic relationships amongst connected nodes/publications, and with regards to the assortativity of attributes related to the content of publications (such as types of publications and themes in the employed keyword searches). Thus, we have succeeded in analyzing the interplay between semantics and structure in the area of publications on DCSNS, by examining and discovering the occurrence of certain important attributes of publications in such a way that the aggregation of publications according to these attributes is associating the meaning of attribute affiliations to certain structural patterns of clustering, exhibited by the bibliographic citation network of the collected publications.
Carrots and Sticks: A Qualitative Study of Library Responses to the UK’s Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021 Open Access Policy
Authors: DeSanto Daniel
Published: April 2022

This study examines how academic libraries in the UK responded to the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021 open access policy. Thirteen information professionals at twelve institutions across the UK took part in semi-structured interviews. Findings from the interviews reveal how libraries created and deployed new infrastructures, workflows, and staffing as well as the methods through which universities communicated the policy’s requirements. The study describes respondents’ experiences of the changes brought about by REF 2021 as well as their thoughts on how the REF 2021 open access policy will affect future REF assessments.
The study of efficacy and safety of expectant management of incomplete abortion
Authors: Kayastha Sanita , Mainali Sumina , Sah Limu Kumari
Published: April 2022

Expectant management of incomplete abortion is a watch full waiting without intervention for certain period of time so that the retained product of conception will be expelled spontaneously. This study was carried out to see feasibility and safety of expectant management of incomplete abortion. It was observational descriptive study which was carried out in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital from July to December 2020 in 60 patients of spontaneous incomplete abortion. The patients which fulfill the inclusion criteria were sent home after bleeding has settled and ultrasound was carried after two weeks to see the success of the treatment. The success of the expectant management was found in 86.7%. There were heavy bleeding in 6.7% cases, unscheduled surgical evacuation was done in 13.3% cases. Blood transfusion was carried out in 5.0% of cases. The number of cases complained of severe low abdomen pain were 8.3% and limitation of activity were present in 10.0% of cases. There was one (1.7%) patient who showed the sign of genital infection. With the success of 86.7% of expectant management of incomplete abortion in our study we can consider expectant management of incomplete abortion as a safe option. However, small percentage of complications such as heavy bleeding, emergency surgical evacuation and severe pain are seen.
Outcome of root canal treatment using Bioceramic sealer and resinbased sealer: An observational analytical study
Authors: Gautam Suman , Thapa Asha , Joshi Rojin , Joshi Barsha
Published: April 2022

The proper shaping and cleaning followed by well-sealed root canal system is desired for successful outcome of the endodontic treatment. With the advent of Bioceramic sealers and their beneficial biological properties, they have been widely incorporated in clinical practice. So, the purpose of this study was to find out the difference in the healing outcome of root canal treatments and retreatments carried out with either single cone obturation technique (SCO) or warm vertical compaction technique (WVC). This was observational analytical study (Cohort study), carried out in private practice. The patients were recalled at-least at six months. When association of healing with type of sealer was considered there was a statistically significant association between healing potential and type of sealer (p-value 0.03). Kaplan -Meier analysis for time to healing showed that with progress of time probability of healing was seen to be more in bioceramic sealer group. Within the limitations of this study the SCO had good healing potential and can be used as a safe alternative in obturation.
Ethno-medical Practices in Nepal: A study Among the Hyolmos
Authors: Dhakal Ram Hari
Published: April 2022

Ethno-medical analysis focuses on cultural systems of healing and the cognitive parameters of illness. It is a traditional non western subject matter of anthropology about the medical knowledge of tribal, peasant and other pre-industrial people. This study is the overview of Nepal based on the ethnographic fieldwork in the Hyolmo community of Melamchi Ghyang, Sindhupalchok aiming to investigate the ethno-medical practices prevalent in the community. Information was gathered by using a number of data-collection techniques like key informants interview, focus group discussion and participant observation. Necessary information was collected through observation examining locale’s ethno-medical practices. Gathered data were thematically analyzed and interpreted. Herbal practices and faith healing is very common in Nepali rural areas whereas Ayurveda, homeopathy Unani etc. are very rarely practiced and almost no practice among Hyolmos. Due to the establishment of health post and availability of medicine, young and educated people have more interest in allopathy. Thus along with the touch with modern world, ethno-medical practices are decreasing.
Effect of Problems of Mathematics Teachers in Using ICT on their Purposes to its Use
Authors: Joshi Dirgha Raj
Published: April 2022

The problems of mathematics teachers to using ICT in mathematics teaching represent the infrastructure and resources, skills and training, and policy-related problems. The aim of the study was to find the effect of the problems of using ICT on the purposes of its usage in mathematics teaching among mathematics teachers of secondary level. 342 mathematics teachers from secondary schools of Kathmandu, Kailali, and Kanchanpur were selected purposively and data was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The finding indicates that the mathematics teachers of Nepal were facing several problems related to infrastructure and resources, skills and training, and policy. The problems of using ICT in mathematics teaching have no effect on the purpose of using ICT in mathematics teaching however the purposes of using ICT in teaching and learning and documentation and internet surfing had significant contribution to determine alternative dimensions.
The landscape formation history based on the detailed geological investigation in Aribaya and surrounding area, Pangetan district, Banjarnegara regency, Central Java
Authors: Suranda Annisa Helly , Sunan Huzaely Latief , Permanajati Indra
Published: April 2022

The research site is in the Aribaya area and surrounding areas with an area of 16 km2 which is administratively included in Pagentan Subdistrict, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java Province. The research area consists of 13 villages, namely: Suwidak, Pandansari, Karangtengah, Gumingsir, Karangnangka, Aribaya, Larangan, Talunamba, Clapar, Gununggiana, Pakelen, and Nagasari. Research objects in the form of Geomorphology, Stratigraphy, Geological Structure, Geological History, and Geological Potential. The geomorphology of the research area is divided into the Aribaya Fault Zone Unit, Gununnggiana Lava Flow Ridge Unit, and Aribaya Intrusion Unit. Based on unofficial lithostratigraphic units, the research area is divided into three rock units and the order from old to young, namely: Sandstone - Claystone Distribution Unit, Pyroclastic Brection Unit, and Diorit Intrusion Unit. Precipitated Sandstone - Claystone In the middle-upper neritic bathymetry environment, which belongs to the formation of the early Miocene – Middle-aged vines. Furthermore, tectonic activity occurs that causes the research area to form faults and syncline folds. Then at the time of the Early Pliocene, there was an influence from the activity of Mount Maung which provided sediment supply in the form of andesite fragments and matrix-sized Tuff Crystals so as to form a pyroclastic breccia unit. At the Time of the Pliocene, there was also diorite intrusion. The next process is the exogenous process that causes morphological form as it is today. The geological potential contained in the research area in the form of diorite mining excavations (positive potential) and landslide movement (negative potential) is quite a lot in the research area.
Cumulative Environmental Impact of Humans’ (Agro-Busines) Activities
Authors: Warner Jeffrey , Widiatmoko Fajar Rizki , Wang Tsai-Ping
Published: April 2022

This study analyzed the wastewater discharge of a four-region area comprised of agro-businesses (i.e. vegetable as well as commercial animal farms) and an adjacent urban area. Each region is respectively using a five-kilometer-long human-made irrigation system that collectively concludes at (and is injecting wastewater into) a major river leading to the Pacific Ocean. Using research methodology involving scientific measurements taken at strategic points located throughout this irrigation system, we deductively isolated which region in this overall area is the most significant respective contributor to the amassed wastewater. We hypothesized that the agro-business area involving commercial animal farming would be the most significant contributor. While we discovered that this is partly correct, the urban area is discharging the most concentrated levels of waste, including raw sewage.We do suspect that Taiwan’s environmental pollution regulations are beingviolated.However, further analysis involving wastewater volume, soil analysis, agro-business, and urban social construction identification, as well as the identifying of relevant environmental protection laws is still needed. This would best capacitate activism efforts toward lobbying government ornon-government organizations for potential environmental violations related to the intervention.
The static and free vibration analyses of axially functionally graded elliptical beams via mixed FEM
Authors: Ermiş Merve , Aydoğan Gökay , Kır Oğuzhan , Arıbaş Ümit Necmettin , Omurtag Mehmet Hakkı
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of the static and free vibration analyses of axially functionally graded elliptical planar curved beams using a mixed finite element method (MFEM) based on the Timoshenko beam theory. A two-noded curved mixed finite element has 12 field variables at each node. These variables denote three displacements, three cross-sectional rotations, three forces, two bending moments, and torque, respectively. The functionally graded material is composed of ceramic-particle material and metal-matrix material. The volume fraction of ceramic and metal materials varies along the beam axis. The effective material properties (modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, and density) of the functionally graded material are determined according to the rule of mixture. It is aimed in the benchmark examples to present the influence of ceramic-particle material and non-homogeneity index of material gradation, the minimum radius of the elliptical beam, and boundary condition to the results of static and free vibration analysis in detail.
Lateral load performance of a reinforced concrete frame with pultruded GFRP box braces
Authors: Ülger Tuna , Karabulut Muhammet , Mert Necati
Published: April 2022

Reinforced concrete buildings, which constitute most of the building stock in Turkey, should be examined in terms of earthquake resistance. Many studies have been carried out to increase the seismic resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures against earthquakes. In this study, a single-story, single-span RC frame stiffened with chevron steel braces was chosen as a reference frame and laterally loaded to failure. In the first step, the experimentally obtained static lateral load-deflection curve was verified by non-linear finite element (FE) analysis. Then, the uniaxial tensile properties of the selected glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) materials were verified using FE analysis with the results found in the literature. In the second step, three different GFRP box braces with different axial stiffnesses were investigated and the results were compared with those of the steel chevron braces. Finally, the lateral load performance and expected buckling failure of the GFRP box braces in an RC moment frame have been presented and discussed in this study. Considering the lightweight of the GFRP sections, the lateral load capacity of the RC frame with GFRP braces was improved as much as the steel braces, and the maximum gain was about 47% more when the equal axial stiffness of steel brace was provided to GFRP brace. Ductility and story drift of the considered braced moment frames are presented.
The empowered village community development model South Konawe Regency coastal region (study of the underdeveloped village of the coastal region of South Konawe Regency)
Authors: Arif La Ode Kasno , Taufik Yani , Abadi Musram
Published: April 2022

Communities who lack the power and ability to manage existing resources are very vulnerable to poverty and find it challenging to achieve a better quality of life. The purpose of this study was to formulate a model of community empowerment in underdeveloped villages in the coastal area of ​​South Konawe Regency. The empowerment model of rural communities in coastal regions is designed by strengthening through the institutional system that must be played by the economic institutions in the village. The town is empowered to have alternative expertise so that financial resources are not focused on just one activity. The important thing that needs to be done is that empowerment activities for disadvantaged rural communities in coastal areas require collective action based on participatory, self-supporting, partnership, and sustainability approaches. The following needs to be supported by policies on the construction of rural environmental facilities and infrastructure, provision and strengthening of social and economic institutions in the village, improvement of human resource competencies, namely technical and managerial skills.
Identification of rice characteristics and quality in Sidenreng Rappang Regency
Authors: Husain Salfiana , Rukmelia  , Nurwidah Andi , Al Islamiyah Syahmidarni , Indrastuti
Published: April 2022

Identification of the characteristics and quality of rice raises the case study of Sidenreng Rappang Regency. Sample is carried out in each District of Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The research aims to identify quantitatively the character of rice and to determine the quality classification of rice. The research was carried out by analyzing the water content of the sample, identification of head rice, broken grains, granular grains, red grains, yellow/damaged grains, calcifying grains, foreign objects and grain grains. The results showed that rice in Sidenreng Rappang Regency was 54.5% in accordance with the quality requirements of SNI 6128: 2015. While 45.5% of them do not meet quality standards. This shows that the quality of rice in Sidenreng Rappang Regency still needs to be improved, as well as maintaining the quality of rice that is in accordance with applicable quality standards.
The The effect of purchase price of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) on fertilization frequency (case study: Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi)
Authors: Hajrah Siti , Makmur  , Damrah Fatmawaty , Karim Ikawati
Published: April 2022

The purchase price of oil palm has often experienced significant increases and decreases due to several factors including oil palm production, oil palm exports, and the oil palm price. Fertilization is one of the most important and complex technical culture activities in oil palm farming. Fertilization in oil palm plants should be able to guarantee normal vegetative and generative growth to provide optimal Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) production and produce high quality and quantity of crude palm oil. This study aims to evaluate how much influence the FFB purchase price has on the frequency of fertilization used by oil palm farmers. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive analysis design to see the effect of the purchase price of fresh fruit bunches on the frequency of fertilization used by oil palm farmers in the Mamuju Regency. The results of regression analysis data showed that the purchase price of FFB influenced the frequency of oil palm fertilization by 11.3 percent.
The effect of commercial liquid smoke immersion on tofu storage period
Authors: Akilie Muhammad Sudirman , Xyzquolyna Deyvie , Gobel Muh. Rifki
Published: April 2022

The study aimed to analyze the effect of commercial liquid smoke immersion on tofu production for 3 hours with chemical characteristics indicated such as water content, ash content, total microbes, and organoleptic test. The method used in this study is Completely Randomized Design with four treatments for 0, 3, 5, and 7-days storage using 0.5% of commercial liquid smoke. The ANOVA statistics indicates that three hours tofu immersion in liquid smoke significantly impacts on water content and ash content for 0, 3, 5, and 7-days storage. There was a significant increase of total microbes during storage period. The best treatment based on organoleptic test covering flavor, color, and texture was the treatment with 0 day tofu storage period.
The The effect of adoption of frequent harvesting, pruning, sanitation and fertilization on increasing cocoa production (case study: Tapango District, Polewali Mandar Regency)
Authors: Khaeratih Rahma , Karim Ikawati , Nurlaela
Published: April 2022

The lack of consistency of farmers in implementing good agriculture practice has led to the adoption of innovations o frequent Harvesting, Pruning, Sanitation and Fertilization are important to maintain the quality of the cocoa beans produced. This research was carried out in one of the cocoa centers in West Sulawesi, namely in the Village of Tapango, Polewali Mandar Regency with the aim of knowing the effect of the adoption of frequent harvesting, pruning, sanitation and fertilization on increasing cocoa production. This type of research is descriptive quantitative in which the determination of the sample is carried out by the Slovin method in order to obtain 65 cocoa farmers who apply the adoption of Frequent Harvesting, Pruning, Sanitation and Fertilization. The data analysis used in this research is simple regression analysis and the coefficient of determination. The results of the data analysis showed that the innovation adoption of Frequent Harvesting, Pruning, Sanitation and Fertilization to the increase in cocoa production was very influential with a percentage level or determination coefficient (R2) of 96.8 percent. In addition, the results of the study also showed that through the adoption of innovation, the production of cocoa plants increased by 3.17 tons per hectare. Therefore, it is hoped that the implementation of the innovation adoption of Frequent Harvesting, Pruning, Sanitation and Fertilization to be continued to implement by cocoa farmers in a sustainable manner in Polewali Mandar.
Effect of maltodextrin concentration and drying temperature on the characteristics of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris S.) albedo instant drink enriched with telang flower (Clitorea ternatea) extract
Authors: Prabowo Ulya Sarofa , Saraswati Poppy
Published: April 2022

Watermelon albedo is a food waste that still contains nutrients. The presence of nutritional compounds such as vitamins, minerals, citrulline and antioxidant components cause watermelon albedo potential processed into instant drinks. The addition of telang flower extract in watermelon albedo instant drinks aims to provide an attractive color of the drink, and telang flowers contain high antioxidant compounds. This study aims to determine the effects of maltodextrin concentration and drying temperature on the characteristics of instant drinks made from mixed watermelon albedo and telang flower extract and got the best treatment. This study used a Complete Randomized Design factorial pattern of 2 factors namely the concentration of maltodextrin (10%, 15%, 20%) and drying temperature (40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C). The obtained data were tested using ANOVA and DMRT advanced tests. The results showed that the best treatment was on the concentration of maltodextrin 20% and drying temperature of 40 °C which produced instant drinks with a moisture content of 3.90%, ash content 0.83%, yield 17.69%, solubility 99.58%, vitamin C 2.89 mg.100g–1, antioxidant activity 30.76%, and organoleptic test of taste 4.15 (like-really like), color 3.65 (rather like-like) and aroma 3.55 (rather like-like).
The saplings vegetation and environmental factors in Malempo Hamlet of Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park
Authors: Zainuddin Dian Utami
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to determine the composition and structure of sapling vegetation and the relationship of environmental factors with the structure of the vegetation in Malempo Hamlet of Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, which is in three regions of direction, namely South, North, and West. Laying transects were conducted randomly in each regional direction with 5 replications. Each transect was 100 × 5 meters in size, for the tree saplings, in wich they were provided with 5 × 5 meters for 10 plots alternatingly placed. Data collection of vegetation was conducted in the plot by counting the number of each species of tree saplings and determine the canopy space-filling. The composition of sapling vegetation was found 39 species from 28 families. The species of sapling tree with the highest structure of sapling vegetation in the study area based on density, frequency, dominance, and IVI is Celtis philippensis, Ardisia elliptica, Leea indica, Saurauia nudiflora, and Phytocrene macrophylla and the lowest are Cordyline fruticosa, Caryota mitis, Calamus asperrimus, and Arenga pinnata. The canopy, altitude, soil percentage without vegetation, and slope declivity have a relationship with the structure of sapling vegetation.
Recent Progress of Cathode Materials for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Ko Wonseok , Koo Bonyoung , Park Hyunyoung , Kang Jungmin , Kim Jongsoon
Published: April 2022

Recently, many researchers focus on Na-ion batteries as an alternative to Li-ion batteries, owing to their low cost and high natural abundance. However, they suffer from low electrochemical performance and large volume expansion, which makes difficult to industrial application. Therefore, various strategies have been proposed to address the current issues, such as particle-size control, surface-coating, and application of electrode material with various crystal structures. Herein, we briefly introduce and discuss the recent research with development trend of cathode material for Na-ion batteries.
Recent Advances on Tin Oxide Electron Transport Layer for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Lee Gwang-Hee , Lee Jin-Wook
Published: April 2022

In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been considered as a game changer for next-generation photovoltaic industry. A surge of attention originates from unprecedentedly rapid enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) to reach over 25%, being competitive with commercialized silicon solar cells. The charge transporting layer, in particular, an electron transport layer (ETL) is one of the key components for high-performance PSCs. The ETL affords efficient extraction of the photo-generated electrons from the perovskite layer, which are subsequently transferred to transparent conduct oxide electrode. Tin oxide (SnO2) is one of the most attractive materials for the ETL due to its wide band gap, high optical transmission, high carrier mobility and high chemical stability. Moreover, the facile low temperature deposition process of SnO2 layer is suitable for mass production as well as versatile applications such as flexible devices. Regardless of excellent intrinsic properties, however, quality of the functional layer and resulting device performance is largely affected by the fabrication process of the material. In this study, we review the studies to utilize the SnO2 ETL for PSCs by adopting various fabrication processes, ultimately to improve efficiency and stability of the PSCs.
Shunt freedom in slit ventricle syndrome: using paradoxical ventriculomegaly following lumbar shunting to our advantage. Illustrative cases
Authors: Gilbert Kevin , Plonsker Jillian H. , Barnett Jessica , Al Jammal Omar , Wali Arvin R. , Gupta Mihir , Gonda David
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The authors present two cases of paradoxical ventriculomegaly after lumboperitoneal (LP) shunting in patients with slit ventricle syndrome (SVS).

OBSERVATIONS

After placement of an LP shunt, both patients rapidly developed radiographic and clinically symptomatic ventricular enlargement. The then generous ventricular corridors allowed both patients to be treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with concurrent removal of their LP shunt. The patients then underwent staged increases in their shunt resistance to the maximum setting and remain asymptomatic.

LESSONS

The authors suggest that this paradoxical ventriculomegaly may have resulted from a pressure gradient between the shunt systems in the intra- and extraventricular spaces due to a noncommunicating etiology of their hydrocephalus. ETV may successfully exploit this newfound obstructive hydrocephalus and provide resolution of the radiographic and clinical hydrocephalus through allowing for improved communication between the cranial and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid spaces in SVS.
Through-and-through stab wound of the cervical spinal canal with retained weapon but no neurological repercussions: an exceptionally rare injury and the case for direct withdrawal. Illustrative case
Authors: Parsons Andrew D. , Fluss Rose , Willis Sean , Rahme Ralph
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Nonmissile penetrating spinal injuries are rare and potentially debilitating. Such injuries can sometimes be complicated by the retention of a foreign body, which is usually part of the assailant’s weapon, making their management even more problematic.

OBSERVATIONS

We present a unique case of stab wound to the neck with a retained ice pick, traversing the spinal canal from one intervertebral foramen to the other, yet with no ensuing neurological damage to the patient. After carefully analyzing the weapon’s trajectory on computed tomography and ruling out vertebral artery injury via catheter angiography, the ice pick was successfully withdrawn under general anesthesia and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, averting the need for a more invasive surgical procedure.

LESSONS

Stab wounds of the spinal canal with a retained foreign body can occasionally be managed by direct withdrawal. Whether this simple technique is a safe alternative to open surgical exploration should be determined on a case-by-case basis after careful review of spinal and vascular imaging. The absence of significant neurological or vascular injury is an absolute prerequisite for attempting direct withdrawal. Moreover, preparations should be made for possible conversion to open surgical exploration in the rare event of active hemorrhage, expanding hematoma, or acute neurological deterioration.
Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study
Authors: Prabhu A  , JS Jathanna , Naik P  , RB Reddy
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To develop and validate the questionnaire and to translate it to the local vernacular language, Kannada. To assess the level of awareness and knowledge about common eye conditions among the ASHA workers in the rural communities of Udupi district. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on32 ASHA (Accredited Social Health Care Activists) workers of age ranging from 32-48 years (SD + 3 years) from January 2019 to April 2019. This study was presented and approved by the Institutional Research Board, (Manipal College of Health Professions) and written consents were taken from the subjects. A validated questionnaire was used in this process. Beforehand this questionnaire was developed from the conclusion of a structured focus group discussion comprised of vision science experts. The phase and content validation proceeded. This validated questionnaire was used to elicit the responses from the ASHA workers of Udupi district, India. This structured questionnaire consisted of questions from refractive errors, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, pink eye or madras eye, common stye and retinopathy of prematurity. Responses were analysed by calculating the percentage. Having heard of the eye disease in question was defined as ‘‘awareness’’ and having some understanding of the eye disease was defined as ‘‘knowledge’’. Results: A total of 32 ASHA workers from Udupi district were included in the study with the mean age of 40±5 years. The awareness about myopia was 100% (32), hyperopia 87.50% (28), presbyopia 28.12% (9), cataract 96.87% (31), diabetic retinopathy 100% (32), glaucoma 71.87% (23), pink eye or madras eye 71.87% (23), common stye 18.75% (6) and retinopathy of prematurity 40.62% (13). Conclusion: The results indicate that the study population had a high level of awareness about eye diseases, but their knowledge of the diseases was still limited. Very less awareness about common style, presbyopia, and retinopathy of prematurity. ASHA workers require a lot more awareness and knowledge about common eye diseases which can be improved by conducting health care programs and giving them training.
Preoperative Anxiety in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Sadhana Adhyapak
Published: April 2022

Introduction: People with high level of anxiety experience significant distress & impairment in interpersonal as well as social functioning. There are many medical conditions where patients develop high levels of anxiety. Anxiety with surgery is associated with autonomic changes, supplementary doses of anesthetic drugs, increased level of postoperative pain & more chances of postoperative nausea & vomiting. To prevent & treat anxiety effectively, one must assess level of anxiety accurately. A nurse can assess anxiety & reduce it to a manageable & comfortable level. Aims: A study was conducted to anticipate preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing cardiac surgeries & to identify dimensions of anxiety. Methodology: A quantitative approach was used for this cross-sectional study. Content validity of the tool was done&reliability was calculated using Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. The sample was calculated by 80 % confidence level with 5% error. Total sample was 80 patients admitted in cardiothoracic ward. Samples were selected by convenient sample technique. Anxiety level was identified with the help of Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety & Information Scale. Along with anxiety level, researcher also tried to find the possible causes of anxiety. Result: Descriptive data was analyzed & association between variables was identified. 82.5% of patients were males & 17.5 % were females. Most of them i.e., 86.3 % underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) & 13.8% underwent valvular surgeries. It was seen that 16.3% of patients had high level of anxiety related to anesthesia, 27.5% of patients had high level of anxiety related to surgery & overall high anxiety level was seen in 21.3% of patients. The association was seen with gender, previous experience of surgery & duration of hospitalization. Most common causes of anxiety identified were worry about postoperative pain & family concern. Conclusion: Nurses can identify triggers of anxiety, recognize the symptoms of onset of anxiety & intervene before patient reaches to panic stage
«Life» and «Death». An Inquiry into Essential Meaning of These Phenomena
Authors: Leonov Andrii
Published: April 2022

In this paper, I am dealing with the phenomena of «life» and «death». The questions that I attempt to answer are «What is life, and what is death?», «Is it bad to die?» and «Is there life after death?». The method that I am using in this paper is that of phenomenology. The latter I understand as an inquiry into meaning, that is, what makes this or that phenomenon as such. Thus, I am approaching the phenomena in question from the point of view of their meaning in the first place. I claim that ordinarily we constitute phenomena of «life» and «death» in a twofold way. When it comes to «life», one can specify «life-as-biological», and «life-as-a-possibility» senses. The former I understand as a cluster of biological processes that unfold in physical time. By «life-as-a-possibility», I understand a cluster of projects, potentials that depend on our subjectivity. I claim that we essentially perceive life-as-biological through life-as-a-possibility. When it comes to «death», I argue that we essentially constitute this phenomenon in a similar manner. On the one hand, we perceive «death» in the «death-as-biological/physical» sense which signifies the end of the organism’s biological processes. On the other hand, we constitute «death» as the «existential/practical death»/«death-of-possibility». By that I mean an annihilation of all possibilities, and projects. In short, it is a situation when one’s life suddenly loses all its meaning and value: death of meaning. I argue that what constitutes the significance of «death-as-biological» for us is what I call the «existential/practical death» or «death-of-possibility». I use the phenomena of mourning and suicide to illustrate my point better. Reflecting on whether it is bad to die, I claim that if we accept the hypotheses I am defending in the paper, it appears that death is bad because it entails the loss of all possibilities. I also want to show that people’s desire for immortality is in fact reasonable, because the more one lives, the more possibilities one is able to realize. In other words, people’s desire for immortality is grounded in the essential understanding of the phenomenon of «life» as a possibility. Reflecting on whether there is life after death, my answer is twofold. Since there is no scientific evidence of life after physical/biological death, I think there is no reason to believe in such as well. But when it comes to the question whether there is life after the existential/practical death, my answer is positive: «Yes, there is!» I try to show that it is always possible to find the meaning of life even in the light of the most terrible events. In this sense, there is always a light at the end of the tunnel.
Карл Поппер. Логіка наукового відкриття. Огляд деяких фундаментальних проблем
Authors: Оліфер Олена Євгеніївна
Published: April 2022

Ця стаття – український переклад першого розділу книги К. Поппера «Логіка наукового відкриття». Переклад було виконано з навчальною метою: ознайомити студентів із філософськими поглядами К. Поппера та навчити їх аналізувати та перекладати першоджерела. Переклад виконано в рамках проєкту кафедри філософії, спрямованого на розвиток творчого потенціалу студентів у студентських проблемних групах та наукових гуртках у Криворізькому державному педагогічному університеті. Перекладачі намагалися дотримуватися структури оригіналу та авторського стилю. Цей розділ містить основні гносеологічні ідеї філософії К. Поппера: його погляди щодо ненадійності індукції як методу наукового дослідження, введення фальсифікації як критерію демаркації та спроба розв’язати проблему «емпіричного базису». Стаття складається з восьми розділів: (1) проблема індукції, (2) відмова від психологізму, (3) дедуктивна перевірка теорій, (4) проблема демаркації, (5) досвід як метод, (6) фальсифікованість як критерій демаркації, (7) проблема «емпіричного базису», (8) наукова об'єктивність і суб'єктивна переконаність. К. Поппер вважає проблемним обґрунтування індуктивного умовиводу, тобто умовиводу, який робиться посилок – одиничних суджень. Науковцям необхідно з’ясувати, за яких умов таке обґрунтування є надійним. Ця проблема відома як проблема індукції. На думку Поппера, науковець не може уникнути цієї проблеми, оскільки наукова робота полягає у висуванні та перевірці теорій. Можливий спосіб усунути її – розробити дедуктивну перевірку. Задля виконання цього завдання К. Поппер розробляє процедуру дедуктивної перевірки теорій. Він висуває фальсифікацію як дедуктивний метод перевірки. Фальсифікованість означає потенційну можливість спростування висновків і умовиводів, зроблених з одиничних суджень. К. Поппер пропонує її як критерій демаркації, тобто процедури, яка відмежовує наукове знання від ненаукових поглядів, що називаються «метафізичними». Характерною рисою наукового знання є його об’єктивність. На думку К. Поппера, об’єктивне знання передбачає інтерсуб’єктивну перевірку. Він визнає, що така перевірка може тривати вічно, а це також породжує проблему. А втім, наукові твердження повинні бути здатними до такої перевірки.
Ціннісні засади та освітні орієнтири «відкритого суспільства»
Authors: Abdula Andrii , Abdula Ivan
Published: April 2022

Стаття присвячена проблематицi «вiдкритого суспiльства», його цiнностей i їх реалiзацiї в освiтi. Акцентовано значення цiєї концепцiї в контекстi розробки ключових проблем сучасної фiлософiї. Розглянуто систему iдеалiв i норм «вiдкритого суспiльства», обґрунтовано їх взаємозв’язок з принципами рацiональностi. Проаналiзовано функцiонування цiннiсних орiєнтирiв освiтньої системи та можливостi її реформування на засадах критичного рацiоналiзму. Окреслено проблеми методологiї соцiальних реформ, державного контролю над освiтою; розповсюдження антиегалiтарних тенденцiй в суспiльствi; регулювання освiтнього процесу; упровадження особистiсно-орiєнтованого пiдходу в навчаннi; пiдходу, зорiєнтованого на критичне обговорення важливих суспiльних тем; виховання та розвитку навичок, необхiдних для участi в демократичному життi країни; розвитку критичного мислення. Придiлено увагу проблемi реформування освiти в суспiльствах за умов домiнування цiннiсного релятивiзму, проблемним аспектам спiвiснування суперечливих традицiй у суспiльствi. Розглянуто особливостi освiтнiх систем, що були сформованi на засадах марксистської та пост-марксистської iдеологiй. Пiдкреслено їх зв’язок з iррацiоналiзмом та релятивiзмом. Характеризовано формальний спосiб органiзацiї такої системи та її цiннiсне наповнення. Актуалiзовано категорiї «соцiальної адаптацiї», «соцiальної мiмiкрiї», висвiтлено феномен подвiйної моралi, характерний для посттоталiтарних країн. Розглянуто засади стратегiї поетапної соцiальної iнженерiї щодо суспiльств такого типу. Висвiтлено проблемнi аспекти помiркованого (поетапного) шляху реформ та методу радикальних перетворень. Окреслено стратегiю конструктивної дiяльностi реформатора, ознаки його приналежностi до критикорацiоналiстичної традицiї. Пiдкреслено роль фiлософської освiти та фiлософських дисциплiн у поширеннi цiннiсних настанов та iдеалiв вiдкритого суспiльства, становленнi рацiоналiстичної традицiї.
Критичне мислення: філософія і педагогіка
Authors: Kozachenko Nadiia
Published: April 2022

У роботi дослiджено два напрямки розумiння критичного мислення, а саме: фiлософський i педагогiчний. Окресленi напрямки акцентують орiєнтацiю критичного мислення: iстина або особистiсть. Фiлософський пiдхiд зосереджує увагу на критичному мисленнi як на сукупностi засобiв вiдшукання iстини й орiєнтується на навчання методам рацiонального мiркування. В свою чергу, педагогiчний пiдхiд уважає критичне мислення проявом рис особистостi та наполягає на вихованнi вiдповiдних характеристик. Фiлософський контекст спрямований на таке використання критичного мислення, iдентифiкатором успiшностi якого вважається досягнення iстини. Водночас для педагогiчного пiдходу прийнятним є досягнення бiльш прагматичних цiлей, серед яких власне критичнiсть, обiзнанiсть, здатнiсть приймати хорошi рiшення й загалом бути адекватним активним громадянином. Фiлософський i педагогiчний пiдходи до критичного мислення фактично окреслюють його теоретичну й емпiричну сфери, притаманнi конкретнiй науковiй царинi. Розходження мiж цими пiдходами та вiдповiднi дискусiї можна подiлити на двi групи. Еклектичнi й несуттєвi для продуктивної дискусiї — тi, що виростають зi змiшання цих напрямкiв, аналогiчно до непорозумiнь, якi виникають унаслiдок змiшання емпiричного й теоретичного рiвнiв науки: загального й часткового, дедуктивного й iндуктивного тощо. Суттєвi й перспективнi — тi, що обґрунтовують способи взаємодiї фiлософського та педагогiчного пiдходiв до критичного мислення i показують напрямки його розвитку. Ми обґрунтовуємо, що вказанi пiдходи не мають протиставлятися та розвиватися окремо один вiд одного. Їхнє поєднання сприятиме виокремленню критичного мислення в самостiйну галузь дослiдження. Для того, щоб обґрунтувати нашу iдею, ми розглядаємо цi пiдходи бiльш детально, аналiзуємо їхнi характеристики та недолiки, переглядаємо вказанi недолiки на предмет їхньої автентичностi щодо кожного пiдходу й нарештi доходимо до висновкiв щодо можливостi їхнього подолання або принаймнi зменшення iнтенсивностi проявiв на основi взаємопроникнення фiлософського та педагогiчного пiдходiв.
Технології життєтворчості особистості
Authors: Даценко Оксана Анатоліївна
Published: April 2022

Стаття присвячена проблемі успішної життєтворчості людини. Робиться спроба виявлення та аналізу операційно-дієвого компоненту екзистенційної продуктивності. Підкреслюється роль життєтворчих дій та життєвих стратегій як технологій життєздійснення.
Задоволенiсть життям як критерiй позитивного функцiонування особистостi
Authors: Даценко Оксана Анатолiївна
Published: April 2022

Анотацiя. Стаття присвячена проблемi задоволеностi життям, якузагальненої оцiнки якостi iснування особистостi. Представленотеоретико —методологiчний огляд сучасних концепцiй феномену.Робиться спроба розгорнутого дефiнiтивного аналiзу поняття«задоволенiсть життям» в системi сумiжних категорiй. Визначаєтьсяспецифiка цiєї оцiнки саме як iнтегрального показника позитивногофункцiонування. Виявляються деякi особливостi структурної моделiзадоволеностi життям, зокрема роль когнiтивних та емоцiйнихскладових в процесах консолiдацiї та конструктивiзацiї позитивнихекзистенцiйних переживань особистостi. Виокремлюється системафакторiв, що феноменалiзують емоцiйно-оцiночне ставлення довласного життєтворення
Застосування копiнг-стратегiй студентами (гендерний аспект)
Authors: Крамар Анастасiя
Published: April 2022

Анотацiя. У статтi проаналiзовано проблему застосування копiнгстратегiй студентiв рiзної статтi. Розглянуто поняття копiнгу такопiнг-стратегiй. Визначено стратегiї копiнг-поведiнки як певнiспособи поведiнки людини в складних (або стресових) ситуацiях.Наведено результати дiагностики копiнг-стратегiй у юнацькомувiцi. Представлено результати дослiдження способiв реагуванняна стрес. Продемонстровано рiзницю результатiв дослiдження мiжхлопцями та дiвчатами: студенти надають перевагу знаходженнюправильних рiшень i намагаються застосовувати адекватнi таефективнi копiнг-стратегiї. Запропоновано психолого-педагогiчнiметоди щодо формування правильної стратегiї подолання життєвихтруднощiв у студентiв.
Переосмислення ролi шкiльної освiти: психологiчний аспект
Authors: Макаренко Наталя Миколаївна , Проскурова Iрина Петрiвна
Published: April 2022

Анотацiя. У статтi представлено аналiз програми пiдвищенняякостi освiти, розробленої у однiй з центральних шкiл мiста зпозицiй наявностi в нiй психологiчного аспекту. Зроблено стислийогляд сучасних наукових джерел щодо недостатньої психологiчноїграмотностi здобувачiв освiти та вчителiв, нездатностi упроваджуватинаявнi знання у практику роботи. Дослiджено основнi психологiчнiскладовi програми: формування наукової доброчесностi, органiзацiяособистiсно-орiєнтованого навчання, створення портфолiо учня тавчителя як мотиватора дiяльностi, побудова iндивiдуальної освiтньоїтраєкторiї здобувача освiти. Окреслено перспективи подальшихрозвiдок у спiвпрацi вищої та середньої школи.
Нова українська школа: досвiд i перспективи
Authors: Шевченко Олена Миколаївна
Published: April 2022

Анотацiя. У статтi розглядаються питання сутностi та якостiсучасного освiтнього простору як фактору становлення Новоїукраїнської школи. Аналiзуються психолого-педагогiчнi тенденцiїта умови оптимiзацiї освiтнього процесу вiдповiдно до завдань,визначених Державним стандартом початкової освiти. Розкритоважливiсть органiзацiї оптимального навчального простору у класiзгiдно iз законами ергономiки та естетики. Наголошено на актуальностiдотримання принципу наступностi дошкiльної та початкової освiти.Автор пiдкреслює, що компетентнiсний пiдхiд у навчаннi є важливимресурсом особистiсного розвитку дитини. Зроблено висновок пронеобхiднiсть системного реформування початкової освiти у вимiрахНУШ.
Особистiсна тривожнiсть студентiв та її вплив на сприймання соцiально-психологiчного клiмату
Authors: Качанов Ярослав Iгорович
Published: April 2022

Анотацiя. У статтi подано опис соцiально-психологiчного клiмату,факторiв, якi впливають на його сприймання, зокрема, тривожнiсть,подано види соцiально-психологiчного клiмату та представленорезультати дослiдження особистiсної тривожностi студентськоїгрупи (за Ч. Д. Спiлбергом) та її вплив на соцiально-психологiчнийклiмат (за А. Ф. Фiдлером). Висвiтлюються результати дослiдження,як особистiсна тривожнiсть студентiв впливає на сприйманнясоцiально-психологiчного клiмату в групi.