bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMS-based interventions for improving child and adolescent vaccine coverage and timeliness: a systematic review
Authors: Currie Grace , McLeod Charlie , Waddington Claire , Snelling Thomas
Published: May 2023

Background The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of short message service (SMS)-based interventions on childhood vaccine coverage and timeliness.Methods A pre-defined search strategy was used to identify all relevant publications up until July 2022 from electronic databases. Reports of randomised trials written in English and involving children less than 18 years old were included. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.Results Thirty randomised trials were identified. Most trials were conducted in high-income countries. There was marked heterogeneity between studies. SMS-based interventions were associated with small to moderate improvements in vaccine coverage and timeliness compared to no SMS reminder. Reminders with embedded education or which were combined with monetary incentives performed better than simple reminders in some settings.Conclusion Some SMS-based interventions appear effective for improving child vaccine coverage and timeliness in some settings. Future studies should focus on identifying which features of SMS-based strategies, including the message content and timing, are determinants of effectiveness.
Turbulence model parameter calibration method based on the combination of deep neural network surrogate model and genetic algorithm in supersonic flow over cavity-ramp
Authors: Liang Shuang , Guo Ming ming , Yi Rong miao , Tian Ye , Song Wen yan , Le Ling jia , Zhang Hua
Published: May 2023

The traditional turbulence models have the problem of low accuracy and poor applicability of normal value when predicting complex separation flows (such as shock wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction). Therefore, cavity-ramp is chosen as the research object in this paper, and a turbulence model parameter calibration method based on a combination of deep neural network surrogate model and genetic algorithm is proposed. The Latin Hypercube Sampling method is used to obtain the sample space of nine uncertain parameters of the SST turbulence model, and then the hypersonic inside-outflow coupled numerical simulation software (AHL3D) is used to carry out the calculation. The cavity-ramp wall pressure samples corresponding to different turbulence model parameters are obtained, which are used to construct a deep neural network turbulence surrogate model. Finally, through the deep neural network turbulence surrogate model and experimental wall pressure data, genetic algorithm is used to optimize and calibrate the turbulence model parameters. Experimental results show that the deep neural network turbulence surrogate model is highly accurate, with a coefficient of determination above 0.99 for the predicted wall pressure curve. At the same time, the computational time of the deep neural network turbulence surrogate model is on the order of milliseconds, which can considerably improve the acquisition efficiency of the wall pressure; In addition, the calibrated turbulence model is closer to the experimental data in calculating the wall pressure, which validates the feasibility of the method and is expected to improve the computational accuracy of the current turbulence models.
Incidence and risk factors of skeletal-related events in patients with multiple myeloma: A population-based study of Korea
Authors: Lee Ji Yun , Lee Ju-Hyun , Kang Minsu , Jung Eun Hee , Kim Sang-A , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Se Hyun , Lee Jeong-Ok , Kim Jin Won , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Lee Jong Seok , Bang Soo-Mee
Published: May 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients are at risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) like spinal cord compression, pathologic fractures, bone surgery, and radiation to bone. Given the lack of real-world data on SREs in MM, we conducted a large, retrospective, nationwide cohort study from 2007 to 2018. 43.9% of 6,717 patients had SREs at baseline. After a median follow-up of 35.1 months, 43.6% of patients had SREs, and 39.6% had four or more. 9.6 months was the median SRE time (interquartile range [IQR], 1.2–25.8). The median time to first SRE was 3.0 months for patients with a history of SRE and 19.8 months for those without. During follow-up, 78.5% of patients received bone-targeting agents (BTAs). On multiple logistic regression analysis, females aged 50 years or older versus males under 50 years old (odds ratio [OR], 1.54), cerebrovascular disease (OR, 1.33), first-line chemotherapy regimen without bortezomib or lenalidomide (OR 1.50), and history of prior SREs with BTA use versus no history of SREs without BTA use (OR 5.79) were associated with SRE risk. This population-based study is the first to report the incidence and risk factors of SREs in Korean MM patients, which can be used to assess their bone health.
Pathological characteristics of axons and proteome patterns in midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by WDR45-deficiency
Authors: Le Weidong , Wang Panpan , Al-Nusaif Murad , Zhang Jun , Yang Huijia , Yang Yuting , Kim Kunhyok , Li Song , Liu Cong , Cai Huaibin
Published: May 2023

Background
Although WD repeats domain 45 (WDR45) mutations have been linked to \({\beta }\)-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms behind this disease remain elusive. This study aims to shed light on the effects of WDR45-deficiency on neurodegeneration, specifically axonal degeneration, within the midbrain dopaminergic (DAergic) system. By examining pathological and molecular alterations, we hope to better understand the disease process.
Methods
To investigate the effects of WDR45 dysfunction on mouse behaviors and DAergic neurons, we developed a mouse model in which WDR45 was conditionally knocked out in midbrain DAergic neurons (WDR45cKO). Through a longitudinal study, we assessed alterations in mouse behavior using open field, rotarod, Y-maze, and 3-chamber social approach tests. To examine the pathological changes in DAergic neuron soma and axons, we utilized a combination of immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, we performed proteomic analyses of the striatum to identify the molecules and processes involved in striatal pathology.
Results
Our study of WDR45cKO mice revealed a range of deficits, including impaired motor function, emotional instability, and memory loss, coinciding with the profound loss of midbrain DAergic neurons. Prior to neuronal loss, we observed massive axonal enlargements in both the dorsal and ventral striatum. These enlargements were characterized by the accumulation of extensively fragmented tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a hallmark of axonal degeneration. Additionally, we found that WDR45cKO mice exhibited disrupted autophagic flux. Proteomic analysis of the striatum in these mice showed that many differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were enriched in amino acid, lipid, and tricarboxylic acid metabolisms. Of note, we observed significant alterations in the expression of genes encoding DEPs that regulate phospholipids catabolic and biosynthetic processes, such as lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1, ethanolamine-phosphate phospho-lyase, and abhydrolase domain containing 4, N-acyl phospholipase B. These findings suggest a possible link between phospholipid metabolism and striatal axon degeneration.
Conclusions
In this study, we have uncovered the molecular mechanisms underlying the contribution of WDR45-deficiency to axonal degeneration, revealing intricate relationships between tubular ER dysfunction, phospholipid metabolism, BPAN and other neurodegenerative diseases. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the fundamental molecular mechanisms driving neurodegeneration and may provide a foundation for developing novel, mechanistically-based therapeutic interventions.
The number of prior pregnancy losses does not impact euploidy rates in young patients with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.
Authors: Turgut Emre Niyazi , Boynukalin Kubra Fazilet , Gultomruk Meral , Yarkiner Zalihe , Abali Remzi , Bahceci Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Our study aimed to determine the possible factors that might impact the probability of obtaining a euploid blastocyst following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) procedures in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) patients.
Methods
This single-center retrospective cohort analysis included 180 oocyte retrieval cycles of 166 women under 35 years old and those diagnosed with idiopathic RPL according to American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) guidelines. Trophectoderm biopsy and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were the techniques used. Patients were stratified by the number of previous losses (Group A: 2, Group B: 3, and Group C: >3).
Results
Baseline and embryological characteristics showed no statistically significant differences. The euploidy rate per analyzed blastocyst was comparable within the groups (63.3%, %, 58.2%, and 58.5%; p = 0.477). Logistic regression analyses confirmed that only the trophectoderm scores of A and B increased the probability of obtaining a euploid embryo [OR: 1,82, 95% CI: (1,120-2,956); p: 0,016].
Conclusion
It is concluded that there was no correlation between the number of previous losses and the chance of finding at least one euploid embryo in ICSI cycles of women younger than 35 years old.
Development of an antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) gene signature to predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Junying , Zhu Xi , Kao Xiaoming , Wen Yazhou
Published: May 2023

It remains unclear whether ADCP-related genes are linked to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We obtained RNA-seq data and relevant clinical information on HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. We also obtained ADCP-related genes from a previous publication. We developed and validated a five-gene signature (ELOVL1, PRKCD, SORD, SPN, and CBFA2T3), which was dichotomized based on the median risk score. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited a significantly worse prognosis (p < 0.001). To account for other independent prognostic factors, such as the M stage and T stage, we constructed a nomogram that integrated clinical factors and risk scores. The nomogram demonstrated high predictive efficacies of 0.766, 0.784, and 0.797 (AUC) at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Additionally, the low-risk group exhibited increased antitumor immune infiltrates, a higher immune score, and enrichment of antitumor immune pathways. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the low-risk group showed higher sensitivity to sorafenib (p < 0.001) and rapamycin (p < 0.0001) compared to the high-risk group. We identified a five-gene ADCP signature that was correlated with prognosis, immune microenvironment characteristics and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Fabrication of BA-doped ER-based microfluidics using CO 2 laser ablation: an impact of doping ER with boric acid
Authors: Mansour Heba , Soliman Emad A. , El-Bab Ahmed M. Fath , Matsushita Yoshihisa , Abdel-Mawgood Ahmed L.
Published: May 2023

This study investigated the thermal properties of epoxy resin by adding boric acid with different concentrations. The chemical structural and optical properties of the neat epoxy resin and the epoxy resin filled with different concentrations of boric acid were characterized by FTIR and spectrophotometer. TGA, DSC, and DTA investigate the thermal characteristics. Moreover, a specific migration test was accomplished to quantify potential migrants by GC–MS to prove that the prepared samples would not release unreacted monomers or boric acid to the biological solution test, which caused inhibition of or interfered with the sensitive biological reactions. By investigating the impact of this process on microchannels' dimensions and quality, a laser technique using CO2 laser was used for engraving into a transparent epoxy resin chip. The resulting microchannels were characterized using 3D laser microscopy. The outcomes of this study showed a reduction in the surface roughness and negligible bulge heights in the laser-ablated microchannels. This study validated the addition of boric acid to enhance the thermal properties of the cured epoxy resin, which led to better microchannel quality.
Does Vitamin B12 Influence Clinical Pregnancy Outcome in the follicular-phase GnRH agonist protocol?
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Fu Kui , Zhang Ying , Jiang Shengfang , Zhang Changjun
Published: May 2023

Purpose
To investigate whether vitamin B12 levels affect IVF-ET pregnancy outcomes.
Design
Single-center, retrospective, observational study.
Patients From November 2018 to December 2019, patients who received IVF-assisted pregnancy treatment were analyzed.
Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR).
RESULTS
After adjusting for Age, BMI, AMH, cleavage-stage embryos/blastocysts, and the number of transferred embryos, when the vitamin B12 value was ≤353.2 pg/ml, for every 10 pg/ml increase in the vitamin B12 value, the clinical pregnancy rate increased by 5% (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.00, 1.09, P=0.0304).
CONCLUSION
Serum vitamin B12 levels may be an important factor related to the clinical pregnancy rate for women who undergo IVF-ET with the follicular-phase GnRH agonist protocol.
Development of Gate Driver Circuit for A Proposed Novel Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker Topology
Authors: Agrawal Shubham , B Subba Reddy , Umanand L.
Published: May 2023

An isolated gate driver is a prime requirement to operate an IGBT/MOSFET or any electronic devices like SiC MOSFET. The paper proposes a novel gate driver circuit based on UCC21750 gate driver IC, which can drive the devices of different technologies such as si-MOSFET, SiC MOSFET, superFET MOSFET, and IGBT in the first part of the investigation. The proposed gate driver circuit can trigger the devices that operate on various gate to source(emitter) voltage $V_{GS}(V_{GE})$ because it provides a gate to source(emitter) voltage of 18V, 15V, 12V, 8V, and 5V by switching a 4-way DIP switch. The second part of the paper focuses on developing a novel hybrid Direct Current Circuit Breaker (DCCB) that can accommodate the mechanical time constant taken by the mechanical switch after the pulse is provided to the actuator or a relay. The hybrid DCCB consists of four MOSFETs driven by the proposed gate driver circuit. The proposed DCCB operates when the current through the mechanical switch is zero and provides arc-free fault clearance. A detailed analysis of the proposed DCCB and MATLAB simulation is conducted. The results are validated through appropriate hardware on 100V and 2A load using an electromechanical relay GR2G-2A-X 12VDC and a DC contactor (part no. DCNLEV100-BN) as the mechanical switch.
Dy-MIL: Dynamic Multiple-Instance Learning Framework for Video Anomaly Detection
Authors: Li Chen , Chen Mo
Published: May 2023

Anomaly detection is an extremely challenging task in the field of visual understanding because it involves identifying events that deviate significantly from normal patterns. One of the primary reasons for the difficulty of this task is the diversity and complexity of anomalous events. Therefore, it is impossible for us to collect all types of anomalies and label them. In recent work, weakly supervised methods becomes one of the optimal solutions for anomaly detection. Thus, in this paper, we focus on weakly supervised learning and propose a dynamic multiple-instance learning framework for video anomaly detection, which develops a dynamic ranking method combined the k-max-selection scheme to enlarge the inter-class distance between anomalous and normal instances by only using video-level labels. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework achieves superior improvements on three benchmark datasets, including the ShanghaiTech dataset, UCF Crime dataset and NUT dataset.
Degradation Feature Extraction from Quay Crane Gearboxes Based on StaticDivided Symbol Sequence Entropy
Authors: Gu Chunxia , Bi Juan , Wang Bing
Published: May 2023

Gearboxes are important transmission equipment for quay crane hoisting mechanisms. To accurately extract degradation features from vibration monitoring signals, a degradation feature extraction technique based on static divided symbol sequence entropy is proposed. Considering the uniformity of the symbolization standard, the technique takes the root mean square of the health condition signal as the basis and incorporates the scale coefficient to establish a uniform basic scale. Simultaneously, the symbol set is expanded to enhance the information content and the ability of the approach to characterize the complexity levels of signals in large-value regions. The logistic chaotic sequence and the lifetime signal of the hoisting mechanism gearbox are separately used for analysis. The results show that the proposed technique is able to characterize the complexity of the nonlinear time series and sensitively describe the performance degradation exhibited by the hoisting mechanism gearbox. The calculation speed is fast, which will lay a foundation for methods to further evaluate the health conditions of large-scale quay cranes in ports.
Development of a Pain Measurement Device Using 3D printing and electronic air pressure control
Authors: Velasco Jose M. Sierra , Rodriguez Mª del Rocío Fernandez , Rodríguez Jose Luis Cortizo , González Juan Díaz
Published: May 2023

This article describes the design of a system wireless pain monitor, also known as a pain meter, which will be used to diagnose people with fibromyalgia. As the test should be done simultaneously while a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is being performed on the patient to observe the brain activity, the device can´t have metallic components. Solid modelling and additive manufacturing has been used for the manufacturing of the device and an electropneumatic control has been defined too, several prototypes have been manufactured and tested. The work focuses on the validation of the designed pain meter, built by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology in different materials and with different printers. The surface finishes and manufacturing tolerances of the critical parts were tested, and their suitability to the necessary function is verified. A proper mechanical pain meter device has been designed, to be used in fibromyalgia diagnosis, compatible without steel components nor wires, so compatible with simultaneously MRI on the patient.
Biomining of Lunar regolith simulant EAC-1A with the fungus Penicillium simplicissimum
Authors: Figueira Joao , Koch Stella , Müller Daniel W. , Slawik Sebastian , Cowley Aidan , Moeller Ralf , Cortesao Marta
Published: May 2023

On a future lunar habitat, acquiring needed resources in situ will inevitably come from the Lunar regolith. Biomining-the use of microorganisms to extract metals from the regolith-is sustainable and energy-efficient, making it highly promising for space exploration applications. Given the extensive use of filamentous fungi in industrial biotechnology, we investigated the ability of the fungus Penicillium simplicissimum to extract metals from the European Astronaut Centre lunar regolith simulant 1 (EAC-1A), which will be used as the analogue soil at the European Lunar Exploration Laboratory (LUNA) facility at the European Space Agency (ESA) and German Aerospace Centre (DLR) site. Biocompatibility tests demonstrated P. simplicissimum tolerance to high concentrations of EAC-1A regolith (up to 60 %), both on Earth gravity and Lunar simulated gravity. A fungal bioleaching setup was developed using a low nutrient medium, that allowed the fungus to extract metals from EAC-1A over the course of 2 weeks, including aluminium, iron, magnesium and calcium, among others. Metal recovery from the leachate achieved a promising average of 10 ± 3 g/L of metal powder. Our study demonstrates fungal biomining as a promising in situ resource utilization (ISRU) approach to be used in future missions to the Moon.
Enhancing the middle frequency X-band electromagnetic wave absorbing through porous defect engineering on MoC x carbon hybrids and heat-insulating aerogel
Authors: Huang Wenhuan , Chen Jiamin , Gao Wenming , Kang Yifan , Liu Chao , Liu Tong , Yin Zheng , Yang Yuhao , Wu Fan
Published: May 2023

Controlling the porous defects in MoCx-carbon hybrids has been presented as an effective strategy for enhancing electromagnetic wave (EW) absorbing ability. To homogeneously distribute MoCxhetero-units into carbon matrix with high porosity and defect is of significance but hard to achieve. Herein, an excellent temperature-induced porous defect has been successfully constructed in the metallic Co-doped MoCxcarbon composite. The proper calcination temperature on the “Host-Guest” structural CoMo-based crystalline precursor has derived the homogeneously distributed metallic Co and MoCxparticles with the high number of mesoporous of ~ 20 nm and interfacial defects. Owing to the brilliant synergistic effect of polarization, magnetic loss and impedance matching, the superiorRLminof -47.72 dB at 11.76 GHz at the thickness of 2.0 mm and a wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.58 GHz (7.44 ~ 12.02 GHz) covered the whole X-band at the thickness of 2.5 mm forη-MoC/Co@NC-800 were observed. More importantly, the excellent heat-insulating performance of theη-MoC/Co@NC-800 derived ultralight aerogel composite has been developed, which is better than commercial materials. This work provides a valuable insight to facile constructing porous defects in EW absorbing materials and heat-insulating composite materials.
Topics pharmacy staff deliver information about at the counter. A quantitative analysis based on data from videos with patients
Authors: Husted Gitte Reventlov , Rossing Charlotte Verner , Kaae Susanne , Fosgerau Christina Fogtmann
Published: May 2023

Background
Pharmacy staff are the health care providers who interact with patients just prior to patients’ medication intake, which gives the workforce considerable responsibility for patients’ safe use of medicine.
Aim
To identify the topics that staff deliver information about in a counselling situation when patients with chronic diseases pick up medication at community pharmacies, and to identify how this information compares to international pharmacy practice research.
Method
A descriptive, quantitative study based on data from verbatim transcripts of 64 video-recorded prescription encounters. The frequency of topics in the counselling situation was calculated in actual numbers and percentage.
Results
The most common information provided was about practical issues for using medicine safely for first time-prescribing patients (6 times, 19%) and for refill patients (19 times, 62%). For first-time and refill-prescribing patients, the most common information was on treatment of the disease (6 times, 32%). Logistics was the second-highest prioritized topic for refill patients (17 times, 61%) and for first-time prescription medicine collected by relatives (6 times, 21%).
Conclusion
Pharmacy staff primarily deliver practical information on how to ensure safe and effective use of medicine, which corresponds to trends reported in international pharmacy practice research.
Optimization design of intermediate roll contour and analysis of shape adjusting performance of 18-High mill
Authors: Zhao Jun , Sun Jing Na , Wu Tong , Guo Chao Jian , Huang Hua Gui
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the edge drop problem in the process of 18-High mill production of strip and improve the shape adjusting ability, the corresponding objectives and principles of the intermediate roll contour optimization design are proposed. And using particle swarm optimization algorithm, the intermediate roll contour is optimized to meet the production requirements. A finite element model of the integrated elastic-plastic coupling between the roll system and strip is established to verify the adjusting effect of the new roll contour. The shape adjusting performance under the new roll contour are analyzed. The results show that, compared with the original roll contour, the edge drop phenomenon is significantly improved. The shape adjusting ability is obviously improved compared with that of the original roll contour. The shape adjusting ability of the intermediate roll shifting under the new roll shape is obviously stronger than that of the intermediate roll bending force. Finally, the accuracy of the finite element model is verified by combining with the field production data. The research results can provide a good theoretical basis for the improvement of the intermediate roll contour and improvement of the shape adjusting ability.
Determinants of immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant recipients: an Italian observational study (the CESIT project)
Authors: Rosa Alessandro C. , Finocchietti Marco , Agabiti Nera , Menè Paolo , Bracaccia Maria Elena , Bellini Arianna , Massari Marco , Alegiani Stefania Spila , Masiero Lucia , Bedeschi Gaia , Cardillo Massimo , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Piccolo Giuseppe , Leoni Olivia , Ferroni Eliana , Pierobon Silvia , Nordio Maurizio , Ledda Stefano , Garau Donatella , Davoli Marina , Addis Antonio , Belleudi Valeria
Published: May 2023

Background
Very scanty evidence is available on factors influencing the choice of immunosuppressive drug therapy after kidney transplantation.
Methods.
An Italian multiregional real-world study was conducted integrating national transplant information system and claims data. All patients undergoing kidney transplantation for the first time during 2009–2019 (incident patients) were considered. Multilevel logistic models were used to estimate Odds Ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence intervals. Factors with statistically significance were identified as characteristics associated with treatment regimens: cyclosporin-CsA vs tacrolimus-Tac and, within the latter group, mTOR inhibitors vs mycophenolate-MMF.
Results.
We identified 3,622 kidney patients undergoing transplantation in 17 hospitals located in 4 Italian regions, 78.3% was treated with TAC-based therapy, of which 78% and 22% in combination with MMF and mTOR, respectively. For both comparison groups, the choice of immunosuppressive regimens was mostly guided by standard hospital practices. Only few recipient and donor characteristics were found associated with specific regimen (donor/receipt age, immunological risk and diabetes).
Conclusions.
The choice of post-renal transplant immunosuppressive therapyseems to be mostly driven by standard Centre practices, while only partially based on patient’s characteristics and recognized international guidelines.
Optimization of Parameters of Plastic Grinding Machine using Generalized Reduced Non-Linear Programming
Authors: Kioko Meshack , Odhong Edward , Ondieki Charles
Published: May 2023

The focus of current research on plastic grinding machines has been improvement of efficiency. Parameters such as number of rotor blades, number of fixed blades, blade geometry, clearance between fixed and rotor blades, machine power input and throughput have been studied in previous research. The problem is that little research effort has been focused on optimization of many of such parameters combined. This research aims to improve throughput of plastic grinding machine by mathematical optimization of the five parameters to achieve higher throughput. In this paper, we optimized the parameters using generalized reduced gradient nonlinear programming. We also carried out correlation of the parameters using Pearson correlation coefficients. There was a strong correlation between maximum machine throughput and all the studied parameters. We found that throughput was optimal with nine rotor blades, two fixed blades, blade angle of 500, clearance of one millimetre, and power input of at least 5 Hp.
A novel immune-related lncRNA signature predict the prognosis and immune landscape in ccRCC
Authors: Dai Longlong , Pan Daen , Jin Jiafei , Lv Wenhui
Published: May 2023

Background
As one of the most common tumors, the pathogenesis and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in the immune microenvironment is still unknown.
Methods
The differentially expressed immune-related lncRNA (DEirlncRNA) was screened through co-expression analysis and the limma package of R, which based on the ccRCC project of the TCGA database. Then, we designed the risk model by irlncRNA pairs. In RCC patients, we have compared the area under the curve, calculate the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value of the 5-year receiver operating characteristic curve, determine the cut-off point, and establish the optimal model for distinguishing the high-risk group from the low-risk group. We used the model for immune system assessment, immune point detection and drug sensitivity analysis after verifying the feasibility of the above model through clinical features.
Result
In our study, 1541 irlncRNAs were included. 739 irlncRNAs were identified as DEirlncRNAs to construct irlncRNA pairs. Then, 38 candidate DEirlncRNA pairs were included in the best risk assessment model through improved LASSO regression analysis. As a result, we found that in addition to age and gender, T stage, M stage, N stage, grade and clinical stage are significantly related to risk. Moreover, univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis results reveals that in addition to gender, age, grade, clinical stage and risk score are independent prognostic factors. The results show that patients in the high-risk group are positively correlated with tumor infiltrating immune cells when the above model is applied to the immune system. But they are negatively correlated with endothelial cells, macrophages M2, mast cell activation, and neutrophils. In addition, the risk model was positively correlated with overexpressed genes (CTLA, LAG3 and SETD2, P < 0.05). Finally, risk models can also play as an important role in predicting the sensitivity of targeted drugs.
Conclusion
The new risk model may be a new method to predict the prognosis and immune status of ccRCC.
Efficient fractionation of microalgae biomass as a whole for biodiesel production enabled by deep eutectic solvent and water
Authors: Yu Dayong , Luo Hangyu , Tan Jinyu , Yuan Junfa , Chen Jiasheng , Fang Zhen , Liu Xiaofang , Li Hu
Published: May 2023

The fractionation of microalgae biomass and its efficient utilization have always been problems to be solved. Herein, microalgae biomass was pretreated with deep eutectic solvent (DES) to fractionate lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, which were further converted into biodiesel. DES (CC-LA) synthesized from lactic acid and choline chloride had high fractionation efficiency, and the lipid extraction rate was 2.3 times higher than that of the untreated one. The addition of water to CC-LA significantly improved the separation efficiency of DES, with the lipid extraction rate of up to 89.4%, 84.2% of protein dissolved, and as high as 96.8% of the carbohydrate saccharification rate. In addition, the isolated protein and glycosylated carbohydrates could be converted into 8.9 g microbial lipids/100 g microalgae biomass by Lipomyces starkeyi. The new water-promoted DES fractionation technology has greatly enabled the efficient and comprehensive utilization of microalgae biomass.
Broadband thermal management using smart cooling films
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Zhiguang , Du Huifeng , Nam Sang , Zhao Xuanhe , Fang Nicholas
Published: May 2023

With the escalating trend of climate change, we are under severe pressure to increase the resilience of commercial and residential buildings and vehicles. Smart lighting and thermal management of windows promise to improve indoor thermal comfort with minimum added carbon footprints. We report a passive smart cooling technology for thermal management throughout the spectrum from visible to mid-infrared regions by using a thermochromic hydrogel network integrated with an optically transparent coating for radiative cooling, where excellent optical properties of luminous transmittance (81.8%) and solar transmittance modulation (74.8%) are achieved to intelligently minimize direct solar radiation, and emissivity of 0.999 in atmospheric transmission window contributes to extra radiative cooling power. Our design displays a thermo-responsive light reflection mechanism with compelling advances in moldability, mechanical flexibility, compatibility to base structures (e.g., glass roofs of cars), ease of manufacture and adoption, which are of practical significance towards real-world applications.
Chiral Recognition of Neutral Guests by Chiral Naphthotubes with a Bis-thiourea Endo-Functionalized Cavity
Authors: Songmeng Wang , Wang Yan-Fang , Huang Liping , Zheng Li-Shuo , Nian Hao , Zheng Yu-Tao , Yao Huan , Jiang Wei , Wang Xiaoping , Yang Liu-Pan
Published: May 2023

Developing chiral receptors with an endo-functionalized cavity for chiral recognition is of great sig-nificance in the field of molecular recognition. This study presents two pairs of chiral naphthotubes con-taining a bis-thiourea endo-functionalized cavity. Each chiral naphthotube has two homochiral centers which were fixed adjacent to the thiourea groups, causing the skeleton and thiourea groups to twist en-antiomerically through chiral transfer. These chiral naphthotubes are highly effective at enantiomerical-ly recognizing various neutral chiral molecules, particularly bioactive cyclic dipeptides, with an enanti-omeric selectivity up to 17.0. Furthermore, the mechanism of the chiral recognition has been revealed and attributed to slight differences of multiple noncovalent interactions, as well as the orientation of binding and enthalpy-entropy compensation also affect the enantioselectivity.
Decoding stress patterns of the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake doublet
Authors: Chen Jianquan , Zilio Luca Dal , Zhang Hang , Yang Guangliang , Shi Yaolin , Liu Chang
Published: May 2023

Earthquake interaction across multiple time scales can reveal complex stress evolution and rupture patterns. Here, we investigate the stress change's role in the 2023 Mw 7.8 and 7.6 earthquake doublet along the Eastern Anatolian Fault (EAF), using simulations of 21 historical earthquakes (M ≥ 6.1) from 1822 to 2023. Focusing on six cascading sub-events during the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence, we reveal how one sub-event's stress alteration can impact the emergence and rupture dynamics of subsequent sub-events. Our analysis unveils that the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake was deferred by 52 years due to stress shadow effects from historical events, while the 2023 Mw 7.6 earthquake was accelerated by 26 years as a result of stress increases from historical events and ultimately triggered by the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake. This study underscores the importance of grasping earthquake preparation, rupture initiation, and propagation in the context of intricate fault systems worldwide. Based on these results, we draw attention to heightened seismic hazards in the Elazig-Bingol seismic gap of the EAF and the northern section of the Dead Sea Fault, necessitating increased monitoring and preparedness efforts.
Adversities, Agony, Pain, and Survival: An In-depth Analysis of Deluge Victims
Authors: Eslit Edgar
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to explore the experiences of deluge victims in Iligan City following Typhoon Sendong using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants, and the data were analyzed using IPA. The study found that the flood had a significant psychological and emotional impact on the participants, with several key themes and patterns emerging from the IPA analysis. These included the impact on emotional well-being, coping strategies, and patterns of adaptation and adjustment among Iligan City’s Sendong Survivors. The coping strategies employed by the participants highlighted the importance of social support and community engagement in disaster recovery. The patterns of adaptation and adjustment observed among the participants suggest the potential for personal growth and development following a traumatic event. The study has implications for practitioners and policymakers involved in disaster response and recovery, and highlights the need for continued research and support for individuals and communities affected by natural disasters.
Characterization of signal and transit peptides based on motif composition and taxon-specific patterns
Authors: Sidorczuk Katarzyna , Mackiewicz Paweł , Pietluch Filip , Gagat Przemysław
Published: May 2023

Targeting peptides or presequences are N-terminal extensions of proteins that encode information about their cellular localization. They include signal peptides (SP), which target proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, and transit peptides (TP) directing proteins to the organelles of endosymbiotic origin: chloroplasts and mitochondria. TPs were hypothesized to have evolved from antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are responsible for the host defence against microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. In this study, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analyses of amino acid motifs of targeting peptides and AMPs using a curated set of experimentally verified proteins. We identified motifs frequently occurring in each type of presequence showing specific patterns associated with their amino acid composition, and investigated their position within the presequence. We also compared motif patterns among different taxonomic groups and identified taxon-specific features, providing some evolutionary insights. Considering the functional relevance and many practical applications of targeting peptides and AMPs, we believe that our analyses will prove useful for their design, and better understanding of protein import mechanism and presequence evolution.
Spontaneous Hemothorax caused by Rivaroxaban treatment for pulmonary embolism
Authors: Hariri Bassem Al , Alharafsheh Ahmad , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Mohamedali Mohamed Gaafar , Abusriwil Hatem Mabrouk
Published: May 2023

Hemothorax is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by pleural effusion containing over 50% of the patient's hematocrit. A massive hemothorax involves blood loss exceeding 1.5 liters. Common causes include chest trauma, invasive thoracic procedures, anticoagulant medications, vascular anomalies, malignancies, and hematologic abnormalities. Spontaneous hemothorax may be seen in conjunction with pulmonary infarction and spontaneous pneumothorax. Anticoagulation is a key therapeutic strategy for certain thromboembolic events, such as pulmonary embolism. Historically, these events were treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), which have demonstrated variable plasma concentrations and an increased risk of hemorrhage. With the advent of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), treatment has become as effective as VKAs while significantly reducing the risk of hemorrhage. However, some researchers have speculated that hemorrhagic complications in certain cases could be worse with DOACs than with VKAs. In the case presented here, we identified a genuine association between the use of rivaroxaban and spontaneous hemothorax following the initiation of treatment for pulmonary embolism.
Development of smart metallic orthopedic and dental implants based on biomimetic design
Authors: Dua Rupak , Vadivel Jagasivamani , Khurana Indu , Karim Eaman T. , Mutreja Isha , Kumar Dhiraj , Shankar Mamilla Ravi
Published: May 2023

Orthopedic and dental implant failure continues to be a significant concern due to localized bacterial infections. Although previous studies have attempted to improve implant surfaces by modifying their texture and roughness or coating them with antibiotics to enhance antibacterial properties for implant longevity. However, these approaches have demonstrated limited effectiveness. In this study, we attempted to engineer the titanium (Ti) alloy surface biomimetically at the nanometer scale, inspired by the cicada wing nanostructure using alkaline hydrothermal treatment (AHT). The two modified surfaces of Ti plates were developed using 4 and 8-Hr AHT at 230oC. We found that the control plates showed a relatively smooth surface, with few artifacts on the surface. The results demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the contact angle of the treated groups, which increased wettability characteristics. The 8-hour AHT group exhibited the highest wettability and significant increase in roughness 1.50 x 10-1 ± 0.029 µm (P<0.05), leading to more osteoblast cell attachment, reduced cytotoxicity effects, and enhanced relative survivability. The alkaline phosphatase activity measured in all different groups indicated that the 8-hour AHT group exhibited the highest activity, suggesting that the surface roughness and wettability of the treatment groups may have facilitated cell adhesion and attachment and subsequently increased secretion of extracellular matrix. Overall, the findings indicate that biomimetic nanotextured surfaces created by the AHT process have the potential to be translated as implant coatings or surface nano-texturing to enhance bone regeneration and implant integration.
Symbiotic compatibility between Oryza sativa cultivars and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi genotypes affects rice growth and mycorrhiza-induced resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae
Authors: Guigard Ludivine , Jobert Léa , Busset Nicolas , Moulin Lionel , Czernic Pierre
Published: May 2023

Background
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) belong to the Glomeromycota clade and can form root symbioses with 80% of Angiosperms, including agronomically-interesting crops species such as wheat, maize and rice. By increasing nutrient availability, uptake and soil anchoring of plants, AMF can improve plant’s growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. AMF can also reduce symptoms and pathogen load on infected plants, both locally and systemically, through a phenomenon called Mycorrhiza-Induced Resistance (MIR). There is scarce information on rice mycorrhization, despite the high potential of this symbiosis in a context of sustainable water management in rice production systems.
Results
We studied the symbiotic compatibility (global mycorrhization & arbuscules intensity) and MIR phenotypes between six rice cultivars from two subspecies (indica: IR64 & Phka Rumduol; japonica: Nipponbare, Kitaake, Azucena & Zhonghua 11) and three AMF genotypes (Funneliformis mosseae FR140, Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 & R. intraradices FR121). The impact of mycorrhization on rice growth and defence response to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection was recorded via both phenotypic indexes and rice marker gene expression studies. All three AMF genotypes colonise the roots of all rice varieties, with clear differences in symbiotic compatibility depending on the combination under study. AMF interaction induced either neutral, beneficial, or negative effects on rice growth, but only neutral to beneficial effects on the extent of Xoo symptoms on leaves. R. irregularis DAOM197198 proved to be the most colonising AMF in terms of global mycorrhization and arbuscule intensities, inducing rice growth and reducing symptoms caused by Xoo in all rice varieties. Transcriptomic analyses by RT-qPCR on leaves of two rice cultivars contrasting in their interactions with AMF, shows two different pattern of response both on growth and defence marker genes, that can be related to their phenotypic responses.
Conclusions
The symbiotic compatibility between rice and AMF depends both on plant cultivar and AMF genotypes. Under our conditions, it drives beneficial, neutral, or negative effects on rice growth, and in some cases, MIR phenotypes after Xoo leaf infection. The interactions between rice and AMF genotypes drive different transcriptomic responses, shedding light on molecular markers of compatibility at the leaf level.
A comparison of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Post-Operative complications between Suture-Augmented and Standard Hamstring Autograft Single-Bundle ACL Reconstruction: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Darestani Reza Tvakoli , Afzal Sina , baroutkoub Mojtaba , Barati Hassan , Sayyadi Shahram , Pourmojarab Ali
Published: May 2023

Background Augmentation of the biologic graft with nonabsorbable suture material during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a relatively new technique to enhance its biomechanical properties and add additional support during the critical process of healing. We aim to compare the short-term functional patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and complication rates of patients treated with either standard single-bundle four-strand hamstring ACLR or added suture augmentation (SA).
Methods: Patients undergoing arthroscopic ACLR between February 2015 and September 2019 in the standard ACLR group (79 patients) and the SA-ACLR group (90 patients) operated by adding a no.5 FiberWire® (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) braided suture to the hamstring autograft were retrospectively comared together in this study. Patients were followed up for a 24-month period and PROMs were assessed and compared by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form and Tegner-Lysholm knee score. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics and postoperative complications including graft retear requiring revision surgery, deep vein thrombois, and surgical site infection were recorded and analyzed.
Results Mean age was 31.6 ± 8.3 in standard ACLR and 30.5 ± 7.6 in SA-ACLR. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, sex, body mass index, and medical comorbidities. The values of the IKDC scores increased to 75.8 ± 18.9 in the standard ACLR group, and 85.6 ± 12.6 in the SA-ACLR group, 24 months after the operation (P<0.05). The 24-month postoperative Tegner-Lysholm scores escalated to 79.3 ± 21.0 in the standard ACLR group and 91.0 ± 13.7 in the SA-ACLR group (P<0.05). Four (5.1%) patients in the standard ACLR group and 4 (4.4%) in the SA-ACLR group experienced graft retear requiring revision surgery (P>0.05). Surgical site infection and deep vein thrombosis showed no significant difference between the two groups two years after ACLR.
Conclusion SA-ACLR is associated with improved short-term functional PROMs compared to the standard hamstring ACLR. Although SA did not reduce retear rate, and infection and DVT were not differ between study groups, superior improvement of PROMs in SA approach, leverages this method for ACLR.