bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of novel mathematical models of plate heat exchanger for the task of optimization main parameters of the aviation gas turbine engine with heat recovery
Authors: Omar H H , Kuz’michev V S , Tkachenko A Y , Thomas Jayachandran A V
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, the task of increasing the economic and technical efficiency of the gas turbine engine and decrement of the specific weight and specific fuel consumption is one of the main targets in the development of the aviation gas turbine engine. A promising approach for decrement of specific fuel consumption and obtaining high thermal efficiency of the gas turbine engine (30% and above) is based on the concept of the recuperative cycle of the gas turbine engine. The article presents the computer-aided calculation for analysing the heat exchanger surface and developing novel mathematical models of heat exchanger in terms of weight goodness, flow passage goodness, and optimum weight and flow passage, furthermore, the study presents the novel mathematical models of the pressure drops in the air and gas channels of the heat exchanger. 18 different heat transfer surfaces for heat exchanger cores have been evaluated and the results are presented. The same hydraulic diameter assumed for all heat transfer surfaces and only their thermo-hydraulic performances evaluated during the calculation design. To assess the reliability of the obtained models, the results of the design calculations of the developed models compared with the data of other authors and with the data of the existing gas turbine engine with heat exchanger. The obtained models focus on mathematical design calculation for optimizing the main thermodynamic parameters of a gas turbine engine coupled with a heat exchanger at the stage of conceptual design of aviation gas turbine engine with heat recovery of exhaust gas.
The digital photoelasticity method and finite element analysis for determination of the multi-point crack-tip field series expansions for notched semi-disks
Authors: Stepanova L V , Belova O N
Published: February 2021

The digital photoelastic method for the construction of the multi-point crack-tip series expansions in isotropic elastic semi-disks is employed. The series of cracked specimens in the form of the semi-disk with vertical and inclined notches from optically active materials (polycarbonates) were produced and tested under three-point bending. The principal intent of this experimental procedure of the phototelasticity technique was estimation of the amplitude coefficients in the Williams expansion in which the non-singular high-order terms are taken into account. The first ten coefficients in the multi-point series expansion have been ascertained. To retrieve the points belonging to the isochromatic fringe patterns and having the minimum light intensity the digital image processing scheme was utilized. The scheme of the over-deterministic method for evaluation of the amplitude coefficients (fracture mechanics parameters) is applied. Additionally, the problem was reduced to the problem of minimizing the objective function which is the quadratic form for the stress field in terms of unknown fracture mechanics parameters. The finite element analysis for the same series of the notched specimens was performed. The demeanour of the stress field in the neighbourhood of the notch tip for different types of mixed mode loading was elucidated from finite element analysis. The coefficients of the asymptotic presentation of the stress and displacement fields are recovered from finite element results. It is shown that the multi-point coefficients are in good agreement with experimental observations.
Mathematical modeling of phytoplankton populations evolution in the Azov Sea
Authors: Belova Y V , Chistyakov A E , Leontyev A L , Filina A A , Nikitina A V
Published: February 2021

The paper describes the construction of a three-dimensional mathematical model of biogeochemical processes, considering the salinity and temperature influence on the phytoplankton populations development. The paper proposes a new difference scheme for solving convection-diffusion-reaction problems at large values of the Peclet grid number (2<Pe≤20), which is a linear combination of the central and the upwind leapfrog difference schemes. The three-layer difference scheme is more accurate than the traditional upwind leapfrog difference scheme for problems where convection prevails over diffusion. The construction of discrete equations for solving the problem of biogeochemical cycles on the basis of the scheme considering the filling of cells is described. The stationary regimes of phytoplankton dynamics problem were researched considering the transformation of phosphorus, nitrogen and silicon forms. Results of software complex, which allows to simulate biogeochemical processes in the Azov Sea, were described. The software package allows to forecast the dynamics of the Azov Sea ecosystem development in the conditions of modern salinization.
A flipped SU(3)
C
⊗ SU(4)
L
⊗ U(1)
X
model
Authors: Djouala Meriem , Mebarki Noureddine
Published: February 2021

An anomaly free flipped 341 model where leptons and quarks generations are arranged in new different SU(4)
L
representations is proposed.
Identifying the higgs-gauge boson couplings signs at leptonic colliders
Authors: Hamdellou H , Ahriche A
Published: February 2021

We investigate in this work the Higgs-gauge bosons couplings hVV (V = W, Z) through different final states at e
+
e
− colliders. These couplings could be modified with respect to the SM in many SM extensions, as

g
h
V
V

=

κ
V

g

h
V
V

S
M

, either via radiative corrections or if the Higgs is composite. Therefore, we consider the final states

b

b
¯

+

E

T

@

250

G
e
V

,

h

W
+

W
−

→

b

b
¯

+

ℓ
+

ℓ
−

+

E

T

@

500

G
e
V

; and ZW
+
W
− → jj + ℓ+ℓ− + ɆT
@ 1 TeV within the corresponding luminosity at the ILC. Then, by considering that there will be no significant deviation with respect to the SM at HL-LHC, i.e., |δκV
/κV
| ≤ 0.04, we show that the sign of the hVV couplings can be probed to be κV
= ±1.
Rare nonleptonic Bs
-meson decays as a probe for new physics beyond the standard model
Authors: Faisel G. , Tandean J.
Published: February 2021

The recent measurements on a number of b → sμ
+
μ
− processes have manifested anomalous results which could be early evidence for the presence of new physics beyond the standard model in b → s transitions. Supposing this to be the case, we entertain the possibility that a heavy Z′ boson is responsible for these anomalies and that it also affects the rare nonleptonic decays of the

B
¯

s

meson which receive substantial contributions from the so-called penguin diagrams. The majority of these

B
¯

s

decay modes are not yet discovered, and within the standard model their rates have been estimated to be relatively suppressed. Taking into account various constraints, we find that the Z′ effects can enlarge the rates of a few of the modes, especially

B
¯

s

→

η

π
0

,

ϕ

π
0

,

η
ω
,

ϕ
ω

, considerably above their standard-model expectations. Consequently this Z′ scenario may be experimentally testable in the near future.
Design and Internet of Things Development of Network Teaching Resource Base System for Educational Technology
Authors: Zhou Xuefang , Li Xiaoyan , Su Na
Published: February 2021

With the deepening of the application of Internet of Things in education, its role in promoting education and teaching has become increasingly obvious, but the corresponding is that the application of Internet of Things in education has remained in the experimental stage, and can not be applied on a large scale. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the educational application of the Internet of Things, this paper designs and completes a new educational resource database management system of the Internet of Things. The system consists of three parts: the core layer, the access layer and the performance layer. It has good expansibility and shields the complexity of the Internet of Things technology, and meets the needs of ordinary teachers and students to rapidly develop the educational application of the Internet of Things. The research results show that through the analysis of the status quo of network teaching in colleges and universities, a web-based intra-campus network teaching system software platform is established to solve the problems in higher education. At the same time, the experimental system also helps the experimenter to deeply study the basic technology of the Internet of Things.
Multi-scale Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network and Data Augmentation for Polyphonic Sound Event Detection
Authors: Zhang Keming , Cai Yuanwen , Ren Yuan , Ye Ruida , Zhang Xianwei , He Liang
Published: February 2021

We propose Multi-scale convolutional recurrent neural networks (MCRNN) and data augmentation methods to detect polyphonic sound event with few training data. MCRNN consists of Multi-scale convolutional neural networks (MCNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN). MCNN concatenates the higher level features extracted using multiple convolution kernels with different scales from the time domain and frequency domain at the same time. RNN is able to capture the longer term temporal context characteristics. A novel background spectrum random replacement (BSRR) data augmentation method is applied to expand training data, which uses standard normal distribution data with randomly selected position and length instead of the original time-domain, frequency-domain or time-frequency domain background spectrum features. Our method is tested on the datasets of DCASE 2019 Task3 (T3). The experimental results showed that the MCRNN and BSRR data augmentation method are efficient. We achieved better results than the first place and the single advanced on the T3 by applying BSRR and SpecAugment data augmentation method simultaneously. On the evaluation dataset (T3-eval), our best result shows 0.05 and 0.975 of error rate (ER) and F1 respectively. Our method got the best performance and relatively improved 17% and 1% than the corresponding values of the single advanced.
Research and Application of Agricultural Internet of Things Technology in Intelligent Agriculture
Authors: Yue Shuyu , Du Yirong , Zhang Xiao
Published: February 2021

China’s modernization of agriculture has been accelerating, the Internet of things and other high-tech level of rapid improvement, and intelligent agriculture is the main direction of modern agriculture. Firstly, this paper summarizes the technology of Internet of things and intelligent agriculture, and summarizes the intelligent technology and internet technology applied in the control process of agricultural production in the process of intelligent agriculture Through listing: Intelligent Agricultural Monitoring System based on Onenet Open Platform, intelligent agricultural irrigation system based on Internet of things technology, apple tree pest control expert system based on Internet of things, practical cases of agricultural product marketing platform based on Internet of things, the paper studies the application of Internet of things technology in Environmental Monitoring, irrigation, pest control, and marketing of agricultural products. In order to provide theoretical basis for farmers.
Logistic Regression Models in Predicting Heart Disease
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Diao Lijuan , Ma Linlin
Published: February 2021

This paper predicts the risk of suffering from heart disease among the elderly by exploring the feasibility of using logistic regression models. Through the technology of data mining, the main pathogenic factors of heart disease were found, and the incidence of heart disease was predicted by using the regression model. The accuracy of logistic regression model was compared with other explored algorithms, and I found that the logistic regression model was worthy of research in the field of heart disease prediction.
Modified Deep Belief Network Model and Its Application
Authors: Yin Peng
Published: February 2021

Aiming at the problem that the traditional deep belief network (DBN) model has long training time and it is difficult to find the global optimum because of the fixed step. A modified DBN model was proposed. In the DBN pre-training phase, the adaptive step (AS) was introduced into the Contrastive Divergence (CD) algorithm to solve the problem of finding the global optimum difficulty because of the fixed step, improving the accuracy and oscillation resistance. In the fine-tuning phase, the BFGS quasi-newton method (QNM) was used to speed up the convergence and reduced the training time. The modified DBN model was applied to the fuel consumption prediction of the descending section of the aircraft. The experimental outcomes prove that compared with the traditional DBN and its variant model, the modified DBN model improves the convergence speed and the prediction accuracy.
Research and Implementation of Open Domain Question Answering System Based on DuReader Dataset and BIDAF Model
Authors: Guo Zechen , Wan Fucheng , Ma Ning
Published: February 2021

At present, major search engines emerge in endlessly, and the pop-up result list of search keywords makes people dizzy. In order to improve this problem and make the question query more concise and convenient, this article is based on the DuReader data set and reproduces BiDAF (Bi-Directional Attention Flow) The model builds an intelligent question answering system in the open field. The final model can extract answers to questions more accurately after training. This article embeds deep learning technology into the system and uses intelligent chat to show them.
Research on Public Opinion and Early Warning Analysis Model of Network Emergencies Based on Decision Tree
Authors: Wang Peipei
Published: February 2021

Taking the existing network public opinion cases as the research object, the paper analyzes key factors affecting the network public opinions by the machine learning method and the big data technology statistical technology, and builds the early warning system of public opinions based on this. The decision tree model is also built to realize analysis and early warning, and finally the “Qingdao Sky-price Prawns” incident is cited to illustrate the feasibility of the early warning by classification proposed in this paper.
Biomedical Engineering for Medical Assistance “Stress and Acceleration Analysis for Damage Half-skull as A Consequence of Concrete Impact on a Protective Helmet” (Mechanical and Computer Engineering)
Authors: Sakly Houneida , Said Mourad , Tagina Moncef
Published: February 2021

The dynamic analysis of fluid mechanics CFD applied to the medical field is one of the most important structural problems. They impose additional mechanical constraints on the construction of the 3D model to be processed and reduce its performance. As the acceleration forces of the concrete mainly excite these contacts between the skull and the Helmet, they could taken into consideration in this proposed system (helmet, concrete, and skull). Our aim is to evaluate the stress measurements in an accidental half-skull 3D with the computer fluids dynamics (CFD) tools basing on the mechanical and physical properties of the wall the skull. The second contribution is to analyze the acceleration of a concrete and the impact in the stress evaluation on half skull with and without helmet.
Improved Social Force Model for Emergency Evacuation Scene with Limited Field of Vision
Authors: Xin Zhou , Xin Feng , Tai Ma , Xin Zhang
Published: February 2021

Pedestrian movement modeling and simulation is an important way to formulate an emergency evacuation plan. The performance of the pedestrian movement model directly determines the accuracy of the simulation experiment results. Pedestrian movement in the real world is a very complicated process, and this process is susceptible to a variety of external factors (e.g. road conditions, visibility, etc.) and internal factors (e.g. psychological states, etc.) which making it difficult to model pedestrian movement. The social force model draws on the principles of mechanics and proposes a modeling scheme from the perspective of social force which greatly simplifies the process of pedestrian movement modeling. However, the traditional social force model considers the general situation of pedestrian movement and does not target the emergency evacuation scene, which has certain limitations. In this paper we start with the social force model and introduces the concepts of external guides and internal panic emotions to improves the model. In the scene, the influence of the attraction of the guide and the psychological state of the pedestrian on the movement process of the pedestrian are considered. So that the model is more suitable for the emergency evacuation scene with limited field of vision. It also provides a reference for emergency evacuation plans in public places. We take the subway station as the research object and uses Anylogic software to build simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the improved model we proposed in this paper is less than the traditional model in terms of evacuation time by 8.4%, and is better than the traditional model in terms of exit pedestrian density by 21.5%.
Study of Credit Evaluation Algorithm Based on Iterative Principle of Unified Platform
Authors: Li Xiaotang
Published: February 2021

Because retail consumers are difficult to authenticate, they are difficult to manage, it leads the credit management of C2C e-commerce is very difficult. At present, most C2C e-commerce transactions are considered too simple in the credit evaluation algorithm, it can’t really reflect the integrity of the user. In this paper proposes the credit evaluation algorithm based on iterative principle bases on transaction history, on the basis of considering the transaction amount, the transaction time and the credibility of the users, with the method of iterative calculation, give full consideration to the effects of time of credit for the success of the deal to provide reliable basis, it can effectively distinguish malicious users and integrity users, thus reducing the credit fraud behavior, such as improving the security of C2C e-commerce.
A Hybrid Total Logistics Forecasting Method Combined with ARIMA and BPNN
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Xing Yaqian , Zhang Shuo , Zhou Yan , Li Li , Nian Tiantian
Published: February 2021

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of China’s economic level, Chinese people’s living standards are also improving, so that the vigorous development of the e-commerce industry and the number of the total amount of social logistics have increased year by year, which has brought great impetus to the development of the logistics industry. Based on the background, it requires a scientific and reasonable forecasting result of the total amount of logistics for the logistics industry investment. This paper employs an ARIMA and BPNN combined method to forecast the total logistics situation during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, the results show that the combination forecasting method can take into account the advantages of each single forecast model, and its forecast effect is more ideal.
Research on the Construction of Intelligent Learning System Based on Big Data
Authors: Yang Zhengan
Published: February 2021

Internet technology and online learning are in a period of high integration. The learner-centered online learning environment is no more restricted by distance. Facing the large amount of learning resources on the Internet, learners often have no choice. The problem cannot be solved in time, so it is imperative to build an intelligent learning system that according to the characteristics of learners. This article analyses the design of an intelligent learning system based on big data, and analyses the key points of the fit between big data and personalized learning features. According to the design principles of intelligent learning system based on big data, it is divided into four categories: learning strategies, learning tools, learning resources, and learning activities. To build an intelligent learning system in three dimensions. Then the recommended mode of resources in the intelligent learning system is introduced in detail. According to the above design ideas of the intelligent learning system based on big data, a personalized learning platform is constructed, and the structure, functions, and development technology of the platform are elaborated.
An Elite Adaptive Niche Evolutionary Algorithm for Duty Clustering Problem in SoWSN
Authors: Bai Jinbin , Tian Min , Li Jiangquan
Published: February 2021

The recent success of emerging low power wireless sensor networks technology has encouraged researchers to create novel duty cycle design algorithm in this area. Since “sensors are constrained in sensing capabilities”, duty cycle design plays a crucial role in maximizing the point coverage rate, while most researches for duty cycle design are related to a duty cycle design algorithm. But unfortunately, the ideal duty cycle design requires an exhaustive search over all combinations of the allowed combinations. In this letter, we present a new elite adaptive niche evolutionary algorithm (EANEA) for duty cycle design problem in Service-oriented wireless sensor networks (SoWSN). In order to extend the network life cycle, we designed an objective function for SoWSN. We also give an EANEA which, depending on a powerful niche operator, blends the merits of both elite selection and adaptive adjusting for the channel assignment problem. Simulation results show that the shown algorithm can achieve a higher point coverage rate over genetic quantum algorithm (QGA) and Shuffled Frog-Leaping Algorithm (SFLA). Moreover, the optimization employs an elite selection to initialize the parameters and avoid local optima proficiently.
Policy mixes for more sustainable smart home technologies
Authors: Sovacool B K , Furszyfer Del Rio D D , Griffiths S
Published: February 2021

Smart home technologies refer to devices that provide some degree of digitally connected, automated, or enhanced services to household occupants. Smart homes have become prominent in recent technology and policy discussions about energy efficiency, climate change, and the sustainability of buildings. Nevertheless, do they truly promote sustainability goals? Based on an extensive original dataset involving expert interviews, supplemented with a review of the literature, this study elaborates on an array of social, technical, political, and environmental risks facing smart home innovation, with clear implications for research, policy, and technology development. Only with a more thoughtful and coordinated mix of policies in place will smart home adoption begin to fulfill some of the sustainability objectives their advocates continually promise.
Enhancing the performance of solar stills for desalination of the sea water
Authors: Saiful S A M , Shams S , Prasad D M R , Ratnayake U
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine whether the production output of distilled water from desalination by distillation using a hybrid solar still coupled with Photovoltaic panels can enhance the overall efficiency of the system for desalinating the seawater. Desalination by distillation has not yet reached the global market as the output rate is significantly less compared to other methods such as reverse osmosis (RO). This research developed a working hybrid prototype solar still that utilized both passive and active heating sources to assess its performance and competitiveness with other solar stills in the market. The outcome of this research indicates that a solar still on its own is efficient enough in removing Total Dissolved Salts (TDS) for safe drinking water. However, it cannot compete with the performance of alternatives such as RO desalination units and is highly dependent on solar energy. Although, the results from this study show that the use of solar reflectors can increase the performance by 21%. This study concludes that a new technology/concept is needed to fill in the gap between solar stills and RO units whereby it can match the performance of a typical RO desalination unit and maintain the same capital and running costs of a typical solar still.
Preliminary study of water quality surrounding the petrochemical plants at Teluk Kalong industrial area
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd H , Mohamed Rabiatul M , Aziz Azharin S. Abdul , Chandran Sairam
Published: February 2021

Wastewater from industry could lead to water pollution if not properly treated. This research aims to analyze quality of effluent discharge surrounding the petrochemical plants at Teluk Kalong Industrial Area. The purpose is to identify of uncertain level of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total suspended Solids (TSS), heavy metal zinc and copper. These properties could affect water quality if the effluent is not properly treated prior to discharge on water surface. In order to obtain the aim of this research, the laboratory analysis has been carried out on the waste water discharged from the petrochemical industry area. An experiment was conducted and discovered that the minimum value for BOD, TSS, Zn and Cu was 35.55mg/l, 21.667mg/l, 0.006mg/l, and 0.001mg/l accordingly. The maximum value for BOD, TSS, Zn and Cu was 60.150mg/l, 742.667mg/l, 0.839mg/l and 0.044mg/l accordingly. As not all parameters obtained satisfactory to the local standard, it is recommended further research be performed to ensure appropriate result complying to the regulatory standards.
Water Quality Index (WQI) classification of rivers in agriculture and aquaculture catchments
Authors: Baharudin Fauzi , Kassim Jalina , Imran Siti Nurulhuda Mohd , Wahab Mahyun Ab
Published: February 2021

Water quality is always affected by a wide range of human and natural factors which is commonly a result of mismanagement of land, dumping of rubbish and unintentional introduction of chemical material into the river. The rivers in Kuala Selangor and Sabak Bernam districts which lie in active agriculture and aquaculture activities are also not spared from pollution. This study focused on water quality investigation and source of pollution identification in seven rivers in Kuala Selangor and Sabak Bernam. The water quality parameters investigated were Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Suspended Solids (SS), pH and Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN). Water Quality Index (WQI) was then calculated based on Department of Environmental guidelines. Based on the WQI results, Sungai Selangor and Sungai Tengi were classified as Class III showing slightly polluted, while Sungai Buloh, Sungai Nibong, Sungai Haji Dorani, Sungai Besar (Bagan Cina), Sungai Besar (Parit Timur) and Sungai Bernam were classified as Class IV or polluted. The industrial, residential, agricultural activities in the surrounding area of the rivers that were suspected of being sources of river pollution were also identified.
Stabilized leachate treatment by using combination of struvite precipitation and coagulation-flocculation methods: RSM optimization
Authors: Hurairah Sarah Nadira , Halim Azhar Abdul , Aziz Nurhazirah Abdul
Published: February 2021

Leachate is a form of pollution from landfills with pollutants in organic and inorganic forms. Stabilized leachate is characterized by the presence of organic materials with high ammoniacal nitrogen concentrations (>400mg/L), high chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations (<4000mg/L) and the ratio of BOD/COD is low (<0.1). In this study, struvite precipitation used to remove high ammonia content and coagulation-flocculation using poly-aluminium chloride (PAC) as coagulant agent and cationic polymer as flocculant agent used for COD and colour removal. Response surface methodology (RSM) is applied to determine the optimum parameters and interaction effects of the four main factors that influence the efficiency of treatment used; coagulant dosage, flocculant dosage, pH and Mg-N-P ratio on COD, NH3-N and colour removal. Optimum parameters obtained from the study were the coagulant dosage of 2250 mg/L, flocculant dosage of 14 mg/L, pH 7, and Mg: N: P ratio 1.1. The combination of struvite precipitation and coagulation-flocculation method results a percentage of removal of COD 48.6%, NH3-N 92.8% and color 98.8%
Adsorption of ibuprofen using activated carbon derived from Dillenia Indica peels
Authors: Fadzail Fadirah , Hasan Masitah , Mokhtar Zulfakar
Published: February 2021

Adsorption of ibuprofen (IBP) onto a low-cost activated carbon, prepared at a laboratory scale from Dillenia Indica peels, has been investigated. The effect of initial ibuprofen concentration (20-100 mg/L) was studied. The equilibrium data obtained at 30 °C were analyzed by isotherms and kinetics study. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to explain the experimental data. While pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were applied for adsorption kinetic at different initial concentrations of ibuprofen. It was found that the adsorption process obeyed Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The activated carbon presented adsorption capacities of 7.5075 mg/g.
The use of media filters in treatment of runoff pollution
Authors: Amirah A S N , Ragunathan S , Zainab N A N , Andrew A M , Faridah W , Tan W H , Salwa Z M
Published: February 2021

The study will examine the ability of recycled aggregates and sand to classify wastewater in a manner that decreases the level of environmental pollution. The sample was taken from Kg Wang Ulu, Perlis agricultural district, Jejawi, Perlis industrial area and Taman Desa Katong, Perlis residential area. Water quality research has been investigated to find the characteristics of effluent such as suspended solids, BOD, COD and TSS. Three rainfall intensity values, of 5 LPM as low rainfall, 12.5 LPM as mean precipitation intensity, and 22.5 LPM as high-cut rainfall consisted of recycled aggregate and high-absorptive sand as drainage beds, were included in this operating system. Experimental findings indicate that the recycling of aggregates and sand filters has a positive effect on water in industrial and residential areas. It shows that the use of recycled aggregates as a drainage bed can increase the permeability of the region by reducing erosion, preventing flooding and promoting natural infiltration.
A study of water distribution near Taman Seri Wang, Arau, Perlis
Authors: Amirah A S N , Tan W H , Faridah W , Andrew A M , Zainab N A N , Ragunathan S , Salwa Z M
Published: February 2021

The water distribution system consists of a network of pipelines of different sizes with control valves for transporting water to all streets and providing water to consumers through the water distribution system. The water distribution system may either be continuous or intermittent. Water is available 24 hours a day and seven days a week throughout the continuous water distribution network. This study was conducted to access the water distribution near Taman Seri Wang (TSW) in Arau, Perlis. Research had been outlined to access the existing water distribution at RPA ARAU, to identify the head loss of water distribution at TSW ARAU and to determine the relationship between node demand and pressure of water distribution system at TSW ARAU. A quantitative method was used in this study, which gathers the data parameter from Syarikat Air Perlis (SAP) generated using EPANET software to calculate the head loss inside the pipe Hazen – William equation. The flow rate shows a declining value at nodes 42, 34, 54 and 46 after an analysis of 0700 hours. Simultaneously, a higher proportion of head loss is found in mainly link 1 of the water intake point and link 15 in the water tank near the study area.
Derivation of Z-R relationship parameter for Alor Setar radar using Traditional Matching Method (TMM)
Authors: Mahyun A W , Chua Kar-Kei , Salwa M.Z.M , Seman Noramirah Abu , Hassan Zulkarnain , Kamarudzaman Ain Nihla
Published: February 2021

The rainfall measurement can be done by using rain gauge and weather radar instruments. However, weather radar does not measure the rainfall depth directly as contrary to rain gauge. Therefore, an empirical relationship between reflectivity (Z) and rainfall rate (R) which is commonly known as reflectivity-rainfall (Z-R) relationship consisting of parameter A and exponential b (Z= A·Rb
), usually used to convert reflectivity data into rainfall rate for a radar. Presently, the Z-R relationship parameters proposed by Marshall and Palmer (1947) used in Malaysia is seem no longer suitable for Malaysia condition. Hence, a new relationship should be developed. The reflectivity data from year 2006 to year 2007 at Alor Setar radar and gauge rainfall data from 14 rain gauge in the Northern of Peninsular Malaysia were calibrated. By using the Traditional Matching Method (TMM), a new parameter was developed for Alor Setar radar which located in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. By minimizing the errors, a Mean Field Bias Correction (MFB) technique was apply to all selected parameter in this study with adjusting the value A and fixed the value b. As a results, new climatological Z-R relationship (Z=14.30R
1.9) was obtained. To justify the new relationship, validation analysis has been performed by using the five statistical measure. It was found that the validation analysis has given the best results of Mean Error (ME), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Bias and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) with value of 0.00, 0.00, 7.54, 1.00 and 0.85 respectively. Concluded that, it is suitable for radar rainfall estimation in the Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia.
Evaluation of low impact development and best management practices on peak flow reduction using SWMM
Authors: Xian Bryant Chong Choy , Kang Choong Wee , Wahab Mahyun Ab , Zainol Mohd Remy Rozaini Mohd Arif , Baharudin Fauzi
Published: February 2021

Rapid urbanisation has caused an increased in peak discharge that conventional drainage systems cannot adequately handle. Low Impact Development (LID) practices are becoming a new approach in helping to better mimic the pre-development discharges. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of LID and Best Management Practices (BMP) under different rainfall conditions. Vegetative swale and detention pond were selected to represent LID and BMP. Simulations of four main scenarios namely, base case, LID, BMP, and combined LID-BMP were performed using Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). Results show that among the scenarios simulated, the combined LID-BMP is most effective with average peak flow reduction of 54%. This is followed by BMP that achieved 37% in average peak flow reduction as compared to 27% peak flow reduction by LID. The findings indicate the need for integrated strategy when dealing with stormwater management measures.
Acid mine drainage and heavy metals contamination of abandoned and active mine site at Old Repas Dam in Bentong, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Gunesegeran Kishan , Kamal Md Rowshon , Man Hasfalina Che , Wayayok Aimrun , Haider Syed Ali
Published: February 2021

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) occurs as a result of mining activities during mineral exploration. Interaction of the minerals in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and water produces AMD as an end product. AMD can also be produced by weathering of sulphide minerals through series of process, which includes oxidation and hydrolysis. The main aim of the study is to determine the presence of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) and contamination of the active and abandoned mining sites with heavy metals in Bentong Pahang. This study deals with the identification of heavy metal toxins traces in water bodies that result in discoloration of the water catchment, downstream of the Old Repas dam. Any discoloration of the water present proves the occurrence of AMD. In order to have better comprehension of the scenario, site reconnaissance and survey is carried. This is to examine the areas affected and thus recognising two different sampling points that have traces of AMD contamination. Water sampling and testing are carried out in the chosen sampling point using four in-situ parameters and five selected heavy metals. The chosen parameters are water pH, dissolved oxygen content, total dissolved solids and ammoniacal nitrogen. The selected heavy metals are Zinc, Lead, Tin, Mercury and Arsenic. Four samples were collected each from two sampling point on two different sampling days. In addition to that, the surface water with sediments was also collected and analysed for the presence of heavy metals. From the results, it was found that the pH of the sampling point was ranging from 5 to 7 indicating the presence of AMD, which is the major finding in this study. Based on the heavy metal analysis, it was found that the concentration of Pb, Sn, Hg, As & Zn was present in greater than the allowable standard limits for treated water by the Malaysian Ministry of Health. This concludes an urgent intervention required to treat the site to prevent any further environmental deterioration.
Environmental change needs behavioral change: consumer’s green purchase behavior in Vietnam
Authors: Diep Le Thi Bich
Published: February 2021

To improve the environment, people need to change behaviors. Encouraging people to use the product is the way that is the most effective, sustainable. Therefore, this study seeks to aim the factors influence on green purchase behavior. This study proposes a new model in which the young’s purchase behavior is affected by four factors through the mediator variable. The questionnaire sends to 369 consumers by using the convenience sampling method. Analysis of structural equation modeling (SEM) conducts to identify the affect of the relationship between concepts. The study results indicate that attitudes toward green products and green purchase intention are mediator roles in the effect of environmental concern, environmental knowledge, social influence, and price sensitivity on green purchase behavior. The findings also shed light on how potential factors influencing consumer’s behavior. The study indicates that great personal concern and knowledge about the environment to increase the ability to purchase a green product. Besides, the study also finds that price sensitivity does not affect consumers’ attitudes toward green products, but it has an impact on their purchase intention. This study provides recommendations to management to improve their strategic sales to increase consumption products and the Government to support businesses producing green products.
Removal of Cr (III) from industrial wastewater using coconut shell carbon and limestone as adsorbent
Authors: Bakar A A A , Razak N FA , Akbar N A , Daud N M , Ali K A M
Published: February 2021

Agricultural waste materials gained attention among researchers to study the effectiveness of adsorbent media in heavy metal treatment. In this study, application of coconut shell carbon and limestone as modified adsorbent was used to remove Cr (III) from industrial wastewater. Synthetic industrial wastewater sample containing 2 mg/L of Cr (III) was prepared using distilled water and standard solution of Cr (III). Batch adsorption study was conducted to determine the effect of varied contact time (0 to 120 minutes) and pH (pH3 to pH7). The result shows that at 60 minutes of contact hour, the removal of Cr (III) from the synthetic industrial wastewater is about 98% with optimum adsorption capacity is 0.000019 mg/g at 250 rpm of agitation speed in pH5 as optimum pH. The kinetic data obtained specified that the data follow closely the pseudo-second-order. Thus, this indicates that mixing coconut shell carbon and limestone as a modified adsorbent has a potential in reducing Cr (III) concentration in industrial wastewater.
The impact of high biodegradable COD fraction in poultry processing wastewater to SBR performance
Authors: Kan Sam Le Eh , Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan , Ibrahim Abdul Haqi , Abidin Che Zulzikrami Azner , Khoo Andy Surin
Published: February 2021

The present study investigates the impact of high biodegradable COD fraction in poultry processing wastewater on the performance of lab-scale SBR. The SBR’s reactor was operated under 3 phases with different airflow rates namely 2.5 L/min, 5.0L/min, and 7.0L/min; and each phase would have a constant 21days of Sludge Retention Time (SRT). The sample of poultry processing wastewater consists of 84.06% of biodegradable components and 15.94% of the non-biodegradable component. It was observed that high readily biodegradable soluble COD (rbsCOD) had caused a rapid bacteria’s metabolism to consume nutrient as fast as possible which consequently tuned the COD removal efficiency from 85.0% to 92.9% and increased the SVI from 51.66 mL/g to 66.96mL/g (2nd phase) and 110.1 mL/g (3rd Phase). The removal efficiency of Ammonia Nitrogen and Total Suspended Solid was observed in the range from 69.3% to 81.2%, and 61.8% to 81.7% respectively. The fluctuation of the biodegradable COD component in poultry processing wastewater was observed to affect the oxygen demand, where the oxygen transfer efficiency dropped from 3.82% to 0.63% as the airflow rate increase from 2.5L/min to 7.0L/min along with the increase of biodegradable COD fraction. Hence, this experiment provides a clear perspective of poultry processing wastewater behavior to SBR performance.
Survival rate ability of unfed eel Anguilla b. bicolor in different sizes and sources of eel caught
Authors: Taufiq-Spj N , Hutabarat J , Trianto A , Santoso G W , Sugiyanto D N , Ario R , Pratikto I , Suryono S
Published: February 2021

World consumption of eel nowadays still depend on mostly (80%) from Aquaculture industry. However, the eel seed of glass eel, elver either bigger sizes of eel juvenile, still also depend on the wild caught. The study aims to test the survival rate of unfed eel from different sources of seed and sizes. The eel collected from five riverine of catch area i.e. Dlangu of Purworejo (CA I), Larangan of Nusawungu (CA II), Ciberem of Kaliwungu (CA III), Patimuan creek (CA IV), and Ciwulan riverine of Tasikmalaya (CA V) which were caught in August 2018. The other eels were caught in July 2019 collected from Segoro Anakan (CA VI), Buton Cilacap of Indian Ocean Coast Line (CAVII), Gatel riverine of Nusawungu (CA VIII) and Pasir creek of Sidobunder Puring, Kebumen (CA IX). The eel sizes were grouped into four class of sizes i.e. glass eel (GE), small pencil (‘sp’), big pencil (‘bp’) and consumption size (Co) as a comparator. For the shipment trials, eel were transported from those caught area to Semarang (ranging between 180 to 240 km distances) by normal seeds package with oxygenated plastic bag. Unfed trials, the eel were kept in a limited water volume without aeration and the water replaced every day. Experiment was conducted during 30 days without feeding. The result shows that the sizes of eel i.e. GE, SP, BP, and Con can survive during shipment with 23 and 27 h duration time. Unfed treatment, the best survival rate found in ‘Co’ (52 %) followed by ‘bp’ (34 %), ‘sp’ (33 %) during 30 days without food and aeration. However, the GE found 100 % death during 18 days in unfed conditions. Eel seed sources comparison shows significantly different (α < 0.05) among caught area locations. These can be conclude that eel seeds of GE size can be keep during delivery transportation (shipment) without food given for 23 h, and can be kept prior to other purposes for approx. fortnight while ‘sp’ and ‘bp’ sizes for mostly one month.
Differences in electricity consumption based on electricity user sectors in Pramuka Island, Panggang Island and Tidung Island of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, DKI Jakarta
Authors: Rizaldy R , Nurlambang T , Dewi Susilowati M H , Anggrahita H
Published: February 2021

Electricity consumption depends on the amount of electrical equipment owned, the size of the place of residence besides the increase in electricity consumption for the household sector due to the increase in population and per capita income. The concept of the household electricity lifestyle associated with social aspects and energy consumption behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in electricity consumption based on the electricity user in Pramuka Island, Panggang Island and Tidung Island and explain how the relationship of income, building area and the use of electronic equipment to electricity consumption. The questionnaire is used to obtain data on building area, income and use of electronic equipment. Spatial analysis is used to see differences in spatial electricity consumption, statistical analysis is used to see the relationship between building area, income and use of electronic equipment to electricity consumption. The result is the commercial sector is located along the coastline, the household sector spreads in the center, while the mixed sector is in the middle of the household sector. There is a relationship between income and use of electronic equipment to electricity consumption, while building area has no relationship to electricity consumption. But this variable does not apply to the commercial sector, because it has a different electricity usage behavior than the other sectors.
Determination of nutrition contents based on raw seaweed: economic improvement efforts in Dolly ex-prostitution area
Authors: Rosyidah A , Setyaningsih E P , Ediati R , Kurniawan R Y
Published: February 2021

The effort to change Dolly and Jarak's image as an ex prostitution area that was once famous and largest in Southeast Asia in the villages of Putat Jaya, Sawahan District, Surabaya City, has never been done. Making the Dolly and Jarak areas as a tourist village that is capable of supporting and sustaining the economy, is the dream of all citizens and the Surabaya City Government. However, the effort must be thoroughly pursued and patented so that it can be realized and fulfilled. At the Research-based Community Service this time, the service strives to diversify practical, healthy and hygienic seaweed products. There is information on nutrient levels and the great benefits of consuming various processed seaweed.
Integrated tourism transportation software design: case study of Lombok Island
Authors: Yunianto I T , Wuryaningrum P , Achmadi T , Hadi F , Lazuardi S D , Ilham M B
Published: February 2021

Lombok Island is a new magnet of touristic destination, where the number of travelers grow by 13% for domestic and 15% annually for international travelers in the last ten years. In spite of this impressive growth in the tourism sector, the public transportation and availability of touristic information remain lacking. The study aims to contribute to address the above challenges, in order to support the marine tourism in Lombok. Following the Intelligent Transportation Systems Architecture, the followings are undertaken, namely identification of users’ need, design of functional and communication architecture, and the design of an application mockup. The analysis shows that the deployment of a mobile application would save considerable time and money for both travelers and transport operators. The introduction of a mobile app would be justified, as its investment is economically feasible, and its benefit cost ratio of 1.8.