bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecopedagogy
Authors: William Misiaszek Greg
Published: August 2020

To stop the downward spiral of intensifying environmental violence that inevitably leads to social violence we, as humans, need to better understand what is at stake and to determine how to make changes at the root levels. Ecopedagogy is centered on understanding the struggles of and connections between human acts of environmental and social violence.

Greg W. Misiaszek argues that ecopedagogies grounded in critical, Freirean pedagogies construct learning that leads to human actions geared towards increased social and environmental justice and planetary sustainability. Throughout the book he discusses the need for teaching, reading, and researching through problematizing the causes of socio-environmental violence, including oppressive processes of globalization and constructs of “development”, “economics”, and “citizenship”, to name a few, that emerge from socio-historical oppressions (e.g., colonialization, racism, patriarchy, neoliberalism, xenophobia, epistemicide) and dominance over the rest of nature. Misiaszek concludes with ecopedagogies’ challenges within the current post-truth era and possibilities of reimagining UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Photographing Crime Scenes in 20th-Century London
Authors: Neale Alexa
Published: August 2020

How can we read crime scenes through photography? Making use of micro-histories of domestic murder and crime scene photographs made available for the first time, Alexa Neale provides a highly original exploration of what crime scenes can tell us about the significance of expectations of domesticity, class, gender, race, privacy and relationships in twentieth-century Britain.

With 10 case studies and 30 black and white images, Photographing Crime Scenes in 20th-Century London will take you inside the homes that were murder crime scenes to read their geographical and symbolic meanings in the light of the development of crime scene photography, forensic analysis and psychological testing. In doing so, it reveals how photographs of domestic objects and spaces were often used to recreate a narrative for the murder based on the defendant's perceived identity rather than to prove if they committed the crime at all.

Bringing the history of crime, British social and cultural history and the history of forensic photography to the analysis of the crime scene, this study offers fascinating details on the changing public and private lives of Londoners in the 20th century.
Defuturing
Authors: Fry Tony
Published: August 2020

“Once one understands the nature and magnitude of defuturing as the negation of world futures, how one has to account for the history and making of the material world – including design - dramatically changes. Defuturing as our condition forces the generation of a new philosophy of design.”

With these thoughts this book presents a radically new understanding of the history, context and futures of designing.

First published in 1999, Defuturing: A New Design Philosophy is a prescient and powerful account of what it means to comprehend that we live in world that is taking away futures for ourselves and non-human others. Arguing that designing is doubly implicated in this process, first in its roles in helping to create the unsustainable, but second, re-thought through the lens of defuturing, as a mode of acting in the world that can help contest the negation of the world, Defuturing transforms our comprehension of designing and of how futures can be constituted.

Working not through abstract theorizing but through the analysis of concrete examples, the book uses historical material on design to expose the archaeology of defuturing. Shattering the illusion that the future simply “is”, Defuturing confronts designing with the challenge of remaking while offering the elements of a new practical reasoning of design acting.
Social and Learning Relationships in Primary Schools
Authors: Kington Alison , Blackmore Karen
Published: August 2020

One of the most important factors in pupils’ success in school are the relationships developed with teachers and other children. Not only are these relationships important in their own right, but they have considerable bearing on pupil motivation, achievement, and on their perceptions of themselves as learners. Social and Learning Relationships in Primary Schools is based upon, but not confined by, recent research projects focused on a range of relationships that exist within English primary schools. This text provides substantial evidence and rich insights into the development and ongoing influences on these social and learning relationships, relating to both the academic and affective outcomes of pupils.

The book is presented in four parts: i) social interaction and the curriculum; ii) classroom relationships and the impact on learning; iii) professional identity and professional development; and iv) individual differences and inclusion. Through these sections, the authors identify important features of primary schooling including, for example, delivery of the core subjects, learning environment, role of student teachers in schools, classroom technology, and the transition between phases of education. They examine a number of social psychological influences on these relationships in terms of career phase, professional identity, adult-child and peer relationships, and self-efficacy and provide powerful evidence of the complexities of primary school life.

Drawing together the perspectives of a number of authors, all of whom have served as practising teachers as well as gaining a wealth of experience in the higher education sector, Social and Learning Relationships in Primary Schools offers a detailed and holistic understanding of the influences that shape learning, policy and practice in this context.
Cinema and Brexit
Authors: Archer Neil
Published: August 2020

Neil Archer’s original study makes a timely and politically-engaged intervention in debates about national cinema and national identity. Structured around key examples of ‘culturally English cinema’ in the years up to and following the UK’s 2016 vote to leave the European Union, Cinema and Brexit looks to make sense of the peculiarities and paradoxes marking this era of filmmaking. At the same time as providing a contextual and analytical reading of 21st century filmmaking in Britain, Archer raises critical questions about popular national cinema, and how Brexit has cast both light and shadow over this body of films.

Central to Archer’s argument is the idea that Brexit represents not just a critical moment in how we will understand future film production, but also in how we will understand production of the recent past. Using as a point of departure the London Olympics opening ceremony of 2012, Cinema and Brexit considers the tensions inherent in a wide range of films, including Skyfall (2012), Dunkirk (2017), Their Finest (2017), Darkest Hour (2017), The Crown (Netflix, 2016), Paddington (2014), Paddington 2 (2017), Never Let Me Go (2011), Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie (2016), The Trip (2010), The Inbetweeners Movie (2011), Mr. Bean’s Holiday (2007), The World’s End (2013), Sightseers (2012), One Day (2011), Attack the Block (2011), King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (2017) and The Kid Who Would be King (2019). Archer examines the complex national narratives and representations these films expound, situating his analyses within the broader commercial contexts of film production beyond Hollywood, highlighting the negotiations or contradictions at play between the industrial imperatives of contemporary films and the varied circumstances in which they are made.

Considering some of the ways a popular and globally-minded English cinema is finding means to work alongside and through the contexts of Brexit, he questions what are the stakes for, and possibilities of, a global ‘culturally English cinema’ in 2019 and beyond.
Force and Understanding
Authors: Rose Jacqueline
Published: August 2020

For the past thirty years, Howard Caygill has been a distinctive and radical voice in continental philosophy. For the first time, this volume gathers together Caygill’s most significant philosophical essays, the majority of which are not freely available and many of which are previously unpublished.

Here, a major philosopher is at work, offering rich, rigorous and politically-engaged readings of canonical and lesser-known figures and texts. From Kant and Frantz Fanon to Herman Kahn, founder of the Hudson Institute, Caygill uncovers the untapped resources that the history of philosophy provides for contemporary thought, whilst critically pushing beyond the limits of the tradition.

Divided into two parts, the first part of the collection reveals the philosophical backdrop to Caygill’s acclaimed study of political resistance, On Resistance: A Philosophy of Defiance (2015), whilst the second part sees Caygill further develop his account of resistance through wide-ranging analyses of contemporary culture. Exploring numerous subjects, including Nietzsche, metaphysics, radical politics, and digital resistance, to name but a few, Force and Understanding introduces readers to the orienting themes of Caygill’s thought and provides the opportunity to engage with one of the most astute, learned, and critical philosophical minds around.
Bad Girls, Dirty Bodies
Authors: Commane Gemma
Published: August 2020

What makes a woman ‘bad’ is commonly linked to certain ‘qualities’ or behaviours seen as morally or socially corrosive, dirty and disgusting. In Bad Girls, Dirty Bodies, Gemma Commane critically explores the social, sexual and political significance of women who are labelled ‘bad,’ sluts or dirty. Through a variety of case studies drawn from qualitative and original ethnographic research, she argues that ‘bad girls’ disrupt heterosexual normativity and contribute new embodied knowledge. From neo-burlesque, sex-positive and queer performance art, to explicit entertainment and areas of popular culture; Commane situates ‘bad’ women as sites of power, possibility and success. The case studies (for example, Rockbitch, Empress Stah, RubberDoll and others) offer an important insight into a history, where alternative women and femininities have continued a legacy of challenging societal expectations surrounding what makes a good/bad woman.

Significantly, Commane develops a much-needed unpicking of the issues generated by women who are complicit in the subjugation, policing and marginalization of ‘other’ women, both in popular culture and in sites of subcultural resistance.
Video Games, Violence, and the Ethics of Fantasy
Authors: Bartel Christopher
Published: August 2020

Is it ever morally wrong to enjoy fantasizing about immoral things? Many video games allow players to commit numerous violent and immoral acts. But, should players worry about the morality of their virtual actions? A common argument is that games offer merely the virtual representation of violence. No one is actually harmed by committing a violent act in a game. So, it cannot be morally wrong to perform such acts. While this is an intuitive argument, it does not resolve the issue.

Focusing on why individual players are motivated to entertain immoral and violent fantasies, Video Games, Violence, and the Ethics of Fantasy advances debates about the ethical criticism of art, not only by shining light on the interesting and under-examined case of virtual fantasies, but also by its novel application of a virtue ethical account. Video games are works of fiction that enable players to entertain a fantasy. So, a full understanding of the ethical criticism of video games must focus attention on why individual players are motivated to entertain immoral and violent fantasies.

Video Games, Violence, and the Ethics of Fantasy engages with debates and critical discussions of games in both the popular media and recent work in philosophy, psychology, media studies, and game studies
Migration Narratives
Authors: Wortham Stanton , Nichols Briana , Clonan-Roy Katherine , Rhodes Catherine
Published: August 2020

Migration Narratives presents an ethnographic study of an American town that recently became home to thousands of Mexican migrants, with the Mexican population rising from 125 in 1990 to slightly under 10,000 in 2016. Through interviews with residents, the book focuses on key educational, religious, and civic institutions that shape and are shaped by the realities of Mexican immigrants. Focusing on African American, Mexican, Irish and Italian communities, the authors describe how interethnic relations played a central role in newcomers’ pathways and draw links between the town’s earlier cycles of migration. The town represents similar communities across the USA and around the world that have received large numbers of immigrants in a short time. The purpose of the book is to document the complexities that migrants and hosts experience and to suggest ways in which policy-makers, researchers, educators and communities can respond intelligently to politically-motivated stories that oversimplify migration across the contemporary world.

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. It is funded by Boston College.
The French Film Musical
Authors: Powrie Phil , Cadalanu Marie
Published: August 2020

Like many national cinemas, the French cinema has a rich tradition of film musicals beginning with the advent of sound to the present. This is the first book to chart the development of the French film musical.

The French film musical is remarkable for its breadth and variety since the 1930s; although it flirts with the Hollywood musical in the 1930s and again in the 1950s, it has very distinctive forms rooted in the traditions of French chanson. Defining it broadly as films attracting audiences principally because of musical performances, often by well-known singers, Phil Powrie and Marie Cadalanu show how the genre absorbs two very different traditions with the advent of sound: European operetta and French chanson inflected by American jazz (1930-1950). As the genre matures, operetta develops into big-budget spectaculars with popular tenors, and revue films also showcase major singers in this period (1940-1960). Both sub-genres collapse with the advent of rock n roll, leading to a period of experimentation during the New Wave (1960-1990). The contemporary period since 1995 renews the genre, returning nostalgically both to the genre’s origins in the 1930s, and to the musicals of Jacques Demy, but also hybridising with other genres, such as the biopic and the documentary.
Not for You
Authors: Givony Ronen
Published: August 2020

There has never been a band like Pearl Jam. The Seattle quintet has recorded eleven studio albums; sold some 85 million records; played over a thousand shows, in fifty countries; and had five different albums reach number one. But Pearl Jam’s story is about much more than music. Through resilience, integrity, and sheer force of will, they transcended several eras, and shaped the way a whole generation thought about music.

Not for You: Pearl Jam and the Present Tense is the first full-length biography of America’s preeminent band, from Ten to Gigaton. A study of their role in history – from Operation Desert Storm to the Dixie Chicks; “Jeremy” to Columbine; Kurt Cobain to Chris Cornell; Ticketmaster to Trump – Not for You explores the band’s origins and evolution over thirty years of American culture. It starts with their founding, and the eruption of grunge, in 1991; continues through their golden age (Vs., Vitalogy, No Code, and Yield); their middle period (Binaural, Riot Act); and the more divisive recent catalog. Along the way, it considers the band’s activism, idealism, and impact, from “W.M.A.” to the Battle of Seattle and Body of War.

More than the first critical study, Not for You is a tribute to a famously obsessive fan base, in the spirit of Nick Hornby’s Fever Pitch. It’s an old-fashioned – if, at times, ambivalent – appreciation; a reflection on pleasure, fandom, and guilt; and an essay on the nature of adolescence, nostalgia, and adulthood. Partly social history, partly autobiography, and entirely outspoken, discursive, and droll, Not for You is the first full-length treatment of Pearl Jam’s odyssey and importance in the culture, from the ’90s to the present.
Videographic Cinema
Authors: Rozenkrantz Jonathan
Published: August 2020

In 1957, A Face in the Crowd incorporated live video images to warn about the future of broadcast TV. In 2015, Kung Fury was infused with analogue noise to evoke the nostalgic feeling of watching an old VHS tape. Between the two films, numerous ones would incorporate video images to imagine the implications of video practices. Drawing on media archaeology, Videographic Cinema shows how such images and imaginaries have emerged, changed and remained over time according to their shifting technical, historical and institutional conditions.

Rediscovering forgotten films like Anti-Clock (1979) and reassessing ones like Lost Highway (1997), Jonathan Rozenkrantz charts neglected chapters of video history, including self-confrontation techniques in psychiatry, their complex relation with surveillance, and the invention/discovery of the “videographic psyche” by artists, therapists and filmmakers. Spanning six decades, Videographic Cinema discovers an epistemic shift from prospective imaginaries of surveillance and control conditioned on video as a medium for live transmission, to retrospective ones concerned with videotape as a recording memory. It ends by considering videographic filmmaking itself as a form of archaeology in the age of analogue obsolescence.
The Figure of the Migrant in Contemporary European Cinema
Authors: Trifonova Temenuga
Published: August 2020

The increased mobility of large groups of people from outside and inside Europe has influenced the socio-geographical fixity of a continent of nation-states, putting in question both the concepts of ‘national identity’ and ‘European identity’. The Figure of the Migrant in Contemporary European Cinema considers contemporary debates around the idea of ‘Europe’ and ‘European identity’ through an examination of recent European films dealing with various aspects of globalization (the refugee crisis, labor migration, the resurgence of nationalism and ethnic violence, international tourism, neoliberalism, post-colonialism etc.). These films, such as Children of Men (2006), The Edge of Heaven (2007) and Toni Erdmann (2016), are meant to reflect on the ambiguities and contradictory aspects of the figure of the migrant and the ways in which this figure challenges us to rethink core concepts such as European identity, European citizenship, justice, ethics, liberty, tolerance, and hospitality in the post-national context of ephemerality, volatility, and contingency that finds people desperately looking for firmer markers of identity.

By drawing attention to the structural and affective affinities between the experience of migrants and non-migrants, Europeans and non-Europeans, Temenuga Trifonova argues that it is becoming increasingly difficult to separate stories about migration from stories about life under neoliberalism in general.
Is Technology in Our Classrooms? EFL Teachers’ Beliefs and Engagement with Technology in the Classroom
Authors: Hol Devrim , Aydın Irem
Published: August 2020

This study aims to investigate the beliefs of Turkish EFL teachers about implementing digital technology in the classroom and the underlying factors which affect their beliefs. Quantitative research design was selected and online Beliefs Questionnaire was used for data collection. The participants of the study consisted of 563 Turkish in-service EFL teachers working at state schools, private schools or colleges in various parts of Turkey. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed to determine whether the participants’ four categorized beliefs about the use of digital technology (i.e. importance, use, expertise, and context) interrelated with each other, and if any of the participants’ demographic and background factors (i.e. age, gender, level of education, years of teaching experience) predicted the reported beliefs. The results indicated that teachers shared positive views on the use of digital technology in EFL classrooms in terms of importance, use, expertise, and context. It was also found that gender, age and teaching experience did not create any significant change on teachers’ beliefs.
An Investigation of Prospective Teachers’ Attitudes Towards National Parks and Views on Ecology-Based Environmental Education
Authors: Demirkaya Hilmi , Avcı Dilek Erduran , Genç Hasan , Çeliker Huriye Deniş , Yıldırım Bekir , Genç Didem Gamze , Ünal Orhan , Çal Ülkü Tuğçe
Published: August 2020

In this study, it was aimed to determine prospective social studies and elementary education teachers’ attitudes towards national parks and views on ecology-based environmental education. In this study, which was conducted following the stated purpose, an educational practice was carried out in Termessos National Park (Antalya) for two days in 2018 with a total of 26 prospective teachers enrolled at faculty of education at Akdeniz University, of whom 11 from social studies education and 15 from elementary education. In the study, in which a mixed research design was employed, the “Attitude Towards National Parks Scale” developed by Deniş, Genç, and Demirkaya (2008) was used as a data collection tool. Pretest and posttest analyses of the data were conducted using SPSS to determine the effect of ecology-based environmental education given in the specified national park on the prospective teachers’ attitudes towards national parks. In the qualitative part of the study, the participants’ views on ecology-based environmental education were elicited through interviews conducted before and after the practice education with the help of the “interview form for ecology-based environmental education,” which was developed by the researchers. The data obtained were subjected to content analysis, which is one of the qualitative analysis techniques. The results revealed that the practice “Ecology-based Environmental Education in a National Park” positively affected the prospective teachers’ attitudes towards national parks and contributed positively to their views on ecology-based environmental education.
¿El control y vigilancia empresarial del correo electrónico institucional tiene límites?
Authors: Bonilla Olivas Jessenia
Published: August 2020

Los derechos humanos y fundamentales representan un límite al poder, pero al mismo tiempo éstos pueden ser limitados o limitables, según lo establecido en la Constitución Política o por el judicial cuando se encuentran ante una colisión de derechos fundamentales inespecíficos. Ante esta situación, según decisión del judicial podría aplicar, ya sea, el principio de proporcionalidad, la jerarquización de los derechos o “preferred liberties”o la ius fundamentalidad en atención, éste último, de conectar un derecho fundamental como es la propiedad privada con la libertad de empresa. En este artículo, se plantea que el empleador establezca de forma previa las reglas claras sobre el uso del correo electrónico institucional, la forma en que va a realizar el control, las medidas disciplinarias, proporcionadas a la infracción, que tomará ante el incumplimiento de lo estatuido y por supuesto que previamente los trabajadores conozcan las reglas. En este supuesto, a ambas partes de la relación laboral se les limitan sus derechos en aplicación del principio de proporcionalidad. La libertad de empresa, en Nicaragua, no es un derecho fundamental ni un derecho humano, solamente  es un derecho constitucional. El correo electrónico institucional es un bien inmaterial de la empresa y un recurso o herramienta de trabajo tecnológico. La Constitución Política, estableció una reserva de ley absoluta tanto para la libertad de empresa como para el derecho de propiedad privada.
Protección de datos personales y derecho a la autodeterminación informativa: Régimen jurídico
Authors: Pérez Martínez May Rubby
Published: August 2020

Dentro del Ordenamiento Jurídico Nicaragüense se encuentra vigente la Ley No. 787, Ley de Protección de Datos Personales, y el Decreto 36-2012, “Reglamento de la Ley No. 787 “Ley de Protección de Datos Personales”, que persiguen la tutela de los datos personales como preocupación central para mantener la competitivdad del país en las diversas relaciones comerciales que se realizan día a día. Con este artículo lo que se pretende es conocer los aspectos fundamentales y vacíos de la legislación, asimismo, nos permitirá reconocer la importancia que tiene la protección de los datos personales, el ejercicio del derecho a la autodeterminación informativa entendido como derecho fundamental y autónomo consagrado en la Constitución Política de Nicaragua, el aviso informativo y la obtención del consentimiento, como elementos esenciales y requisitos formales en el tratamiento de los datos personales contenidos en la Legislación de la materia. De tal forma que podremos determinar los derechos de los titulares y las obligaciones de los responsables de los ficheros de datos derivadas del tratamiento de los datos personales, permitiendo al titular de los datos ejercitar los derechos Arco (derecho de acceso, rectificación, cancelación y oposición) como una forma de garantizar y controlar el uso de la información brindada al empresario.
La responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas: propuesta de lege ferenda
Authors: Medina Arostegui Juan Pablo
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo trata de la problemática que se deriva del hecho de determinar qué tipo de responsabilidad penal ha de ser proporcional a los hechos delictivos cometidos en el ámbito de las personas jurídicas. Enfatiza en la necesidad de crear una ley de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas y se justifica en razones políticas criminales como son los cambios legislativos a nivel internacional y la creciente delincuencia empresarial que en las últimas décadas ha causado problemas en Nicaragua de orden socioeconómico. La delincuencia económica se ha infiltrado en las administraciones públicas, es evidente que el actual modelo de consecuencias accesorias y de la fórmula de actuar en nombre de otro ha resultado ser insuficiente, debido a la naturaleza de tales medidas y su falta de definición, siendo necesario el modelo de responsabilidad penal corporativa. De estos temas se ocupa el presente artículo, pasando por un análisis de las fuentes de imputación penal, los modelos de responsabilidad penal, los modelos de prevención de delitos (compliance penal) y la figura polémica del oficial de cumplimiento (compliance officer), teniendo como referente, en este último caso, la experiencia española.
La institucionalización de la justicia indígena: un análisis interdisciplinario de la pluralidad jurídica en el caso Ecuatoriano
Authors: Meléndez Duarte José
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo se desprende de una investigación de campo efectuado en el verano del 2017 en Ecuador, con el fin de recopilar información de primera mano de activistas indígenas, catedráticos y representantes de instituciones del Estado a razón de elaborar un análisis que brinde una visión académica de la Pluralidad Jurídica ecuatoriana.

El sistema democrático ecuatoriano basado constitucionalmente desde el 2008 en un sistema plurinacional, es la base y razón en el análisis del proceso de institucionalización de la Justicia Indígena en el Ecuador, el cual se deriva del reconocimiento de su aplicación por la Constitución Política ecuatoriana del año 2008. En este informe presentaremos un análisis de los primeros diez años de relación institucional estatal con los pueblos indígenas y su sistema de justicia ancestral.
Effect of methylsulfonylmethane on oxidative stress and CYP3A93 expression in fetal horse liver cells
Authors: Kim Kyoung Hwan , Park Jeong-Woong , Yang Young Mok , Song Ki-Duk , Cho Byung-wook
Published: August 2020

Objective: Stress-induced cytotoxicity caused by xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites induces the production of reactive oxygen species and often results in damage to cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of enzymes are most abundant in hepatocytes, where they play key roles in regulating cellular stress responses. We aimed to determine the effects of the antioxidant compound, methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), on oxidative stress response, and study the cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A (CYP3A) gene expression in fetal horse hepatocytes.Methods: The expression of hepatocyte markers and CYP3A family genes (CYP3A89, CYP3A93, CYP3A94, CYP3A95, CYP3A96, and CYP3A97) were assessed in different organ tissues of the horse and fetal horse liver-derived cells (FHLCs) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. To elucidate the antioxidant effects of MSM on FHLCs, cell viability, levels of oxidative markers, and gene expression of CYP3A were investigated in H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the presence and absence of MSM.Results: FHLCs exhibited features of liver cells and simultaneously maintained the typical genetic characteristics of normal liver tissue; however, the expression profiles of some liver markers and CYP3A genes, except that of CYP3A93, were different. The expression of CYP3A93 specifically increased after the addition of H2O2 to the culture medium. MSM treatment reduced oxidative stress as well as the expression of CYP3A93 and heme oxygenase 1, an oxidative marker in FHLCs.Conclusion: MSM could reduce oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in FHLCs by altering CYP3A93 expression and related signaling pathways.
Performance of growing lambs supplemented with ground licuri (Syagrus coronata)
Authors: Daza Adin , Souza Jocely G. , Monnerat Joao Paulo I. S. , Ribeiro Claudio V. D. M.
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary ground licuri on lamb performance.Methods: Forty male lambs were used in a completely randomized design to test the effects of 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/kg of ground licuri added to diets. The trial lasted for 75 days. Intake, digestibility, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and chewing activity were estimated. Blood samples were taken on day 45 to determine the concentrations of glucose, urea, nonesterified fatty acids, and triglycerides. Average daily gain (ADG) were determined on the last day of the experimental trial.Results: Licuri inclusion markedly increased dietary neutral detergent fiber and ether extract (EE) content, but it decreased dry matter (DM) intake. However, the intake and digestibility of EE linearly increased. The ADG decreased linearly (p<0.05) with licuri inclusion. Licuri had no effect (p>0.05) on the concentrations of blood metabolites; however, blood urea increased (p<0.05), while serum glucose decreased (p<0.05).Conclusion: The physically effective fiber of ground licuri is similar to Tyfton hay and licuri inclusion decreases lamb performance due to a decreased in DM intake.
Effects of dietary fat saturation level on growth performance, carcass traits, blood lipid parameters, tissue fatty acid composition and meat quality of finishing pigs
Authors: Chen Jing , Li Jiantao , Liu Xianjun , He Yang
Published: August 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various dietary unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratios (UFA to SFA ratios) on growth performance, carcass traits, blood lipid parameters, tissue fatty acid (FA) composition, and meat quality of finishing pigs.Methods: A total of 45 crossbred pigs ([Duroc×Landrace]×Yorkshire), with an average initial body weight of 60.3±2.4 kg, were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 dietary UFA to SFA ratios.Results: Both average daily gain and average daily feed intake of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas backfat thickness was decreased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased quadratically or linearly (p<0.05) respectively, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased quadratically (p<0.05) with increasing dietary UFA to SFA ratio. In M. longissimus thoracis, the proportion of C18:1 and monounsaturated FA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) were increased linearly (p<0.05) as dietary UFA to SFA ratio increased. In the subcutaneous adipose tissue, the proportion of SFA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA, and the UFA to SFA ratios were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Meat color scores and shear force of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas drip loss and cooking loss were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio.Conclusion: Appropriately boosted dietary UFA to SFA ratio could be conductive to optimize blood lipid parameters and tissue FA composition. However, when the ratio is too high or too low it tends to have negative effects on growth performance and meat quality.
Nitrate supplementation of rations based on rice straw but not Pangola hay, improves growth performance in meat goats
Authors: Paengkoum Siwaporn , Khotsakdee Jiravan , Paengkoum Pramote , Schonewille Thomas , Yuangklang Chalermpon
Published: August 2020

Objective: Supplemental nitrate is known to be an effective tool to mitigate methane emission by ruminants. Based on theoretical considerations, supplemental nitrate can improve but also deteriorate the growth performance. The overall effect of supplemental nitrate on growth performance, however, is not yet known. The objective of the current study was therefore to evaluate the effect of a higher dose of NO3– on overall growth performance when feeding either Pangola grass hay or rice straw.Methods: Thirty-two crossbred, 3-month-old Thai native×Anglo-Nubian crossbred male goats were used. The experiment had a 2×2 factorial design with an experimental period of 60 days. Eight goats were randomly allocated to each dietary treatment, i.e. a ration containing either Pangola hay (Digitaria eriantha Steud) or rice straw (Oryza Sativa) as a source of roughage, supplemented with a concentrate containing either 3.2% or 4.8% potassium nitrate. The rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous. The animals were weighed at the start of the experiment and at days 30 and 60. Feces were collected during the last five days of each 30-day period.Results: High-nitrate increased overall DM intake by approximately 3%, irrespective the source of roughage, but only the goats fed a rice straw-based ration responded with an increase in body weight (BW). Thus, the overall feed conversion ratio (kg feed/kg BW gain) was influenced by roughage source ×nitrate and decreased by almost 60% when the goats were fed rice straw in combination with a high versus a low dietary nitrate content. The digestibility of macronutrients was only affected by the source of roughage and the digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fibre was greater when the goats were fed Pangola hay.Conclusion: It was concluded that the replacement of soybean meal by nitrate improves the growth performance of meat goats fed rations based on rice straw, but not Pangola hay.
Topical application of cervix with hyaluronan improves fertility in goats inseminated with frozen-thawed semen
Authors: Leethongdee Sukanya , Thuangsanthia Anone , Khalid Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Objective: Artificial insemination plays an important role in genetic improvement in the goat farming system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cervical application of hyaluronan (HA) on the fertility in goats after cervical artificial insemination using frozenthawed (F-T) semen.Methods: After oestrous synchronisation with progesterone sponges and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin injection, both nulli- and multi-parous goats, were randomly allocated to 2 groups, and were inseminated with 0.25 mL of F-T semen (150×106 spermatozoa) twice at 52 h and 56 h after sponge removal. Prior to the insemination, goats in Group 1 only were given topical cervical HA application at 48 h after sponge removal. Site of insemination was recorded as os-cervix or intra-cervix or intra-uterus. Pregnancy was tested ultrasonographically 42 days after insemination. The data on pregnancy rates and percentage of animals according to the site of semen deposition were compared by Chi-square analysis.Results: The overall pregnancy rate was significantly (p<0.004) higher in goats with prior application to the cervix with HA (63.3%) than without (36.0%). Same pattern was observed in the pregnancy rates of nulli- and multi-parous goats in both the groups. Percentage of nulliparous goats according to the site of insemination in the HA group did not differ between first and the second insemination. However, in multiparous goats the percentage of animals inseminated intra-cervically was significantly increased (p≤0.05) between the first and the second inseminations.Conclusion: The results suggest that significantly higher fertility rate in the “HA goats” compared to the “without HA” group was because of deeper insemination facilitated by topical cervical application of HA. The deeper insemination into the cervical canal increase the rate of fertilisation when the cervical artificial insemination is performed.
Mitochondrial DNA variation and phylogeography of Old World camels
Authors: Ming Liang , Siren Dalai , Yi Li , Hai Le , He Jing , Ji Rimutu
Published: August 2020

Objective: Old World camels are a valuable genetic resource for many countries around the world due to their adaptation to the desert environment. At present, Old World camels have encountered the challenge of unprecedented loss of genetic resources. Through our research, we would reveal the population structure and genetic variation in Old World camel populations, which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the germplasm resources and origin and evolution of different Old World camel populations.Methods: In the present study, we assessed mtDNA control region sequences of 182 individuals from Old World camels to unravel genetic diversity, phylogeography, and demographic dynamics.Results: Thirty-two haplotypes confirmed by 54 polymorphic sites were identified in the 156 sequences, which included 129 domestic and 27 wild Bactrian camels. Meanwhile, 14 haplotypes were defined by 47 polymorphic sites from 26 sequences in the dromedaries. The wild Bactrian camel population showed the lowest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, while the dromedaries investigated had the highest. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that there are several shared haplotypes in different Bactrian camel populations, and that there has been genetic introgression between domestic Bactrian camels and dromedaries. In addition, positive values of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs test demonstrated a decrease in population size and/or balancing selection in the wild Bactrian camel population. In contrast, the negative values of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs test in East Asian Bactrian camel populations explained the demographic expansion and/or positive selection.Conclusion: In summary, we report novel information regarding the genetic diversity, population structure and demographic dynamics of Old World camels. The findings obtained from the present study reveal that abundant genetic diversity occurs in domestic Bactrian camel populations and dromedaries, while there are low levels of haplotype and nucleotide diversity in the wild Bactrian camel population.
Protective effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid on heat stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Islam Md Aminul , Noguchi Yoko , Taniguchi Shin , Yonekura Shinichi
Published: August 2020

Objective: Cells have increased susceptibility to activation of apoptosis when suffering heat stress (HS). An effective supplementation strategy to mimic heat-induced apoptosis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is necessary to maintain optimal milk production. This study aimed to investigate possible protective effects of the anti-apoptotic activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) against HS-induced damage of bovine MECs.Methods: Bovine MECs were pretreated with or without 5-ALA at concentrations of 10, 100, and 500 μM for 24 h followed by HS (42.5°C for 24 h and 48 h). Cell viability was measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to explore the regulation of genes associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes.Results: We found that 5-ALA induces cytoprotection via inhibition of apoptosis markers after HS-induced damage. Pretreatment of bovine MECs with 5-ALA resulted in dramatic upregulation of mRNA for nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, all of which are antioxidant stress genes. Moreover, 5-ALA pretreatment significantly suppressed HS-induced ER stress-associated markers, glucose-regulated protein 78, and C/EBP homologous protein expression levels.Conclusion: 5-ALA can ameliorate the ER stress in heat stressed bovine MEC via enhancing the expression of antioxidant gene.
Effects of dietary flavonoids on performance, blood constituents, carcass composition and small intestinal morphology of broilers: a meta-analysis
Authors: Prihambodo Tri  Rachmanto , Sholikin Muhammad Miftakhus , Qomariyah Novia , Jayanegara Anuraga , Batubara Irmanida , Utomo Desianto  Budi , Nahrowi Nahrowi
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the influence of dietary flavonoids on the growth performance, blood and intestinal profiles, and carcass characteristics of broilers by employing a meta-analysis method.Methods: A database was built from published studies which have reported on the addition of various levels of flavonoids from herbs into broiler diets and then monitored growth performance, blood constituents, carcass proportion and small intestinal morphology. A total of 42 articles were integrated into the database. Several forms of flavonoids in herbs were applied in the form of unextracted and crude extracts. The database compiled was statistically analyzed using mixed model methodology. Different studies were considered as random effects, and the doses of flavonoids were treated as fixed effects. The model statistics used were the p-values and the Akaike information criterion. The significance of an effect was stated when its p-value was <0.05.Results: Dietary flavonoids increased (quadratic pattern; p<0.05) the average daily gain of broilers in the finisher phase. There was a reduction (p<0.01) in the feed conversion ratio of the broilers both in the starter (linear pattern) and finisher phases (quadratic pattern). The mortality rate tended to decrease linearly (p<0.1) with the addition of flavonoids, while the carcass parameter was generally not influenced. A reduction (p<0.001) in cholesterol and malondialdehyde concentrations (both linearly) was observed, while super oxide dismutase activity increased linearly (p<0.001). Increasing the dose of flavonoids increased (p<0.01) the villus height (VH) and villus height and crypt depth (VH:CD) ratio (p<0.05) in the duodenum. Similarly, the VH:CD ratio was elevated (p<0.001) in the jejunum following flavonoid supplementation.Conclusion: Increasing levels of flavonoids in broilers diet leads to an improvement in growth performance, blood constituents, carcass composition and small intestinal morphology.
Effects of using different roughages in the total mixed ration inoculated with or without coculture of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population
Authors: Miguel Michelle , Mamuad Lovelia , Ramos Sonny , Ku Min Jung , Jeong Chang Dae , Kim Seon Ho , Cho Yong Il , Lee Sang Suk
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of different roughages in total mixed ration (TMR) inoculated with or without coculture of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population.Methods: Three TMRs formulations composed of different forages were used and each TMR was grouped into two treatments: non-fermented TMR and fermented TMR (F-TMR) (inoculated with coculture of L. acidophilus and B. subtilis). After fermentation, the fermentation, chemical and microbial profile of the TMRs were determined. The treatments were used for in vitro rumen fermentation to determine total gas production, pH, ammonianitrogen (NH3-N), and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Microbial populations were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All data were analyzed as a 3×2 factorial arrangement design using the MIXED procedure of Statistical Analysis Systems.Results: Changes in the fermentation (pH, lactate, acetate, propionate, and NH3-N) and chemical composition (moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, and ash) were observed. For in vitro rumen fermentation, lower rumen pH, higher acetate, propionate, and total VFA content were observed in the F-TMR group after 24 h incubation (p<0.05). F-TMR group had higher acetate concentration compared with the non-fermented group. Total VFA was highest (p<0.05) in F-TMR containing combined forage of domestic and imported source (F-CF) and F-TMR containing Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage (F-IRS-CS) than that of TMR diet containing oat, timothy, and alfalfa hay. The microbial population was not affected by the different TMR diets.Conclusion: The use of Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage, as well as the inoculation of coculture of L. acidophilus and B. subtilis, in the TMR caused changes in the pH, lactate and acetate concentrations, and chemical composition of experimental diets. In addition, F-TMR composed with Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage altered ruminal pH and VFA concentrations during in vitro rumen fermentation experiment.
COMMUNICATION AND EMPATHY WITHIN PERSON-CENTERED MEDICINE: A DEVELOPMENTAL POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Botbol Michel , Van Dulmen Sandra
Published: August 2020

Communication between patients and health care providers (HCP) is at the heart of medicine and even more within its person-centered paradigm. Within a person centered medicine (PCM) perspective, it is thus crucial, for both the HCP and the patient, to build on a relationship with the objective to establish a therapeutic alliance and share decision making related to the patient’s health issues and to integrate the subjective aspects (and not only the objective aspects) of these health

Issues.

After showing that the effects of communication go beyond mere cognitive and affective sharing, particularly in highly emotional relations, this paper’sobjective is to understand more thoroughly what is transmitted in the patients/HCP relation and how some of the child and adolescent developmental psychiatry processes (i.e., early mother–baby interactions and transgenerational transmission of attachment) provide good models to understand this transmission.Building on these models, the paper will discuss how and at which conditions, the HCP’s narrative empathy plays a major role to access to the patient’s subjectivity through the HCP’s subjective experience.

It concludes that, therefore, subjectivity of the HCPs should not be seen as a negative side effect of the patient–HCP (or the patient–team) relation but as a crucial clinical tool in person-centered diagnostics and cares if HCPs are properly trained and educated to use their feelings and representations as tools in individual or collective deliberations. But one has to be aware that there is no empathy without subjectivity.