bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes for the Control of Key Pests of Grapevine: A Review
Authors: Nxitywa A. , Malan A.P.
Published: August 2021

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are insect parasites that are used successfully as biological controlagents against key pest insects of grapevine. To achieve low chemical residues and the sustainableproduction of grapes, it is important that biological control agents such as entomopathogenic nematodesfor the control of grapevine insect pests be incorporated in an integrated pest management system forgrape production. However, the commercialisation and large-scale use of EPNs is limited by their shortshelf life in formulations and in storage, thus leading to poor quality and reduced efficacy against insectsin the field. In South Africa, interest in the use of EPNs within an integrated pest management system hasgrown over the past two decades, therefore developing a formulation technique with an acceptable storagesurvival period, while maintaining infectivity, is essential. Moreover, the successful control of insects usingEPNs is only achievable when the formulated product reaches the end user in good condition. This reviewis focused on the different types of formulations required for storage and ease of transport, together withthe application formulation for above-ground pests and the factors affecting them. The quality assessment,storage and handling of formulated EPNs are also discussed.
APRENDIZAGEM COOPERATIVA E COLABORATIVA NO ENSINO DE EQUILÍBRIO QUÍMICO A CALOUROS
Authors: Sotério Carolina , Teodoro Daniel , Queiroz Salete
Published: August 2021

COOPERATIVE AND COLLABORATIVE LEARNING TO TEACH CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM TO FRESHMAN STUDENTS. This paper describes cooperative (jigsaw) and collaborative activities (Peer-Led Team Learning) carried out in the BSc degree in Chemistry at the São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, the University of São Paulo, Brazil. The dynamics of discursive interactions established among students in the cooperative and collaborative groups was investigated based on the Model proposed by Kumpulainen and Mutanen, by analyzing the following: functions of speech, cognitive processing and social processing. In this perspective, the influence of the level of structure of the activities was studied. The results obtained point to the possibility of adapting both types of activities in higher education chemistry courses.
Analyzing The Macroeconomic and Fundamental Determinants of Non-Performing Financing of Bank Muamalat Indonesia
Authors: Saputri Pungky Lela , Agriyanto Ratno , Abdillah Mujiyono
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This study analyzes the macroeconomic and fundamentals of Islamic banking factors towards the non-performing financing (NPF) of Bank Muamalat Indonesia in the long run and short-run period 2005-2018. The data used in this study are quarterly time-series data of Bank Muamalat Indonesia Financial Report as the source of fundamentals of Islamic banking data and Bank Indonesia Monetary Policy Review as the source of macroeconomic data period 2005 - 2018. The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM). This study shows that in the long run, inflation, central bank (Bank Indonesia/BI) Rate, and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) significantly affect the NPF; meanwhile, the financing to deposit (FDR) ratio does not affect NPF. In the short term context, only CAR has a significant effect, yet inflation, BI Rate, and FDR have no significant impact on NPF. Thus, the novelty can present the result of analysis of factors that affect NPF in the long run and short run. The limitation of the study is the use of time-series data that are very likely to spurious regression.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor makroekonomi dan fundamental perbankan syariah terhadap NPF Bank Muamalat Indonesia dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek periode 2005-2018. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data runtun waktu Laporan Keuangan Triwulan Bank Muamalat Indonesia sebagai sumber data fundamental perbankan syariah dan Tinjauan Kebijakan Moneter Bank Indonesia sebagai sumber data makroekonomi periode 2005 – 2018. Faktor makroekonomi diwujudkan dalam variabel Inflasi dan BI Rate. Faktor fundamental perbankan syariah diwujudkan dalam variabel CAR dan FDR. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu Error Correction Model (ECM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan dalam jangka panjang Inflasi, BI Rate, dan CAR dengan nilai signifikansi 0.0026, 0.0001, dan 0.0032 berpengaruh signifikan dan FDR dengan nilai signifikansi 0.6940 tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap NPF. Dalam jangka pendek hanya CAR dengan nilai signifikansi 0.0056 yang berpengaruh signifikan sedangkan Inflasi, BI Rate, dan FDR dengan nilai signifikansi 0.0666, 0.9532, and 0.2065 berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap NPF. Kebaharuan penelitian ini yaitu penelitian ini mampu menyajikan hasil analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi NPF dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Meski begitu, terdapat juga limitasi pada penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan data time series yang rawan terkena regresi lancung.
Local climate change projections and impact on the surface hydrology in the Vea catchment, West Africa
Authors: Larbi Isaac , Hountondji Fabien C. C. , Dotse Sam-Quarcoo , Mama Daouda , Nyamekye Clement , Adeyeri Oluwafemi E. , Djan'na Koubodana H. , Odoom Peter Rock Ebo , Asare Yaw Mensah
Published: August 2021

Water security has been a major challenge in the semi-arid area of West Africa including Northern Ghana, where climate change is projected to increase if appropriate measures are not taken. This study assessed rainfall and temperature projections and its impact on the water resources in the Vea catchment using an ensemble mean of four bias-corrected Regional Climate Models and Statistical Downscaling Model-Decision Centric (SDSM-DC) simulations. The ensemble mean of the bias-corrected climate simulations was used as input to an already calibrated and validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, to assess the impact of climate change on actual evapotranspiration (ET), surface runoff and water yield, relative to the baseline (1990–2017) period. The results showed that the mean annual temperature and actual ET would increase by 1.3 °C and 8.3%, respectively, for the period 2020–2049 under the medium CO2 emission (RCP4.5) scenario, indicating a trend towards a drier climate. The surface runoff and water yield are projected to decrease by 42.7 and 38.7%, respectively. The projected decrease in water yield requires better planning and management of the water resources in the catchment.
Nitrogen removal from ammonium-contaminated groundwater using dropping nitrification–cotton-based denitrification reactor
Authors: Maharjan A. K. , Mori K. , Nishida K. , Toyama T.
Published: August 2021

A novel dropping nitrification–cotton-based denitrification reactor was developed for total nitrogen (N) removal from ammonium (NH4+)-contaminated groundwater. The nitrogen removal ability of the reactor was evaluated for 91 days. A 1 m-long dropping nitrification unit was fed with synthetic groundwater containing 30 mg-NH4+-N/L at a flow rate of 2.16 L/d. The outlet of the dropping nitrification unit was connected to the cotton-based denitrification unit. The NH4+ present in the groundwater was completely oxidized (>90% nitrification efficiency) by nitrifying bacteria to nitrite (NO2–) and nitrate (NO3–) in the dropping nitrification unit. Subsequently, the generated NO2– and NO3– were denitrified (96%–98% denitrification efficiency) by denitrifying bacteria in the cotton-based denitrification unit under anoxic conditions. Organic carbons released from the cotton presumably acted as electron donors for heterotrophic denitrification. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria were colonized in higher abundance in the dropping nitrification and cotton-based denitrification units, respectively. The total N removal rate and efficiency of the dropping nitrification–cotton-based denitrification reactor for 91 days were 58.1–66.9 mg-N/d and 96%–98%, respectively. Therefore, the dropping nitrification–cotton-based denitrification reactor will be an efficient, sustainable, and promising option for total N removal from NH4+-contaminated groundwater.
Changes in soil-water content and heat transport under different simulated systems of drip irrigation in gravel-mulched fields
Authors: Zhao Wenju , Wang Yali , Hu Junhong , Li Zongli , Zhao Yingdong , Qi Guihua
Published: August 2021

Gravel mulching is an ancient mulching system with a history of more than 300 years in China. To explore the changes of soil-water content (SWC) and heat transport in watermelon gravel-mulched fields under drip irrigation, we simulated three irrigation quotas (W1, 180 m3/hm2; W2, 270 m3/hm2; and W3, 360 m3/hm2) and three irrigation frequencies (F1, three times; F2, six times; and F3, nine times) based on HYDRUS-2D. The results indicated that peak SWC increased with irrigation quota. The range of fluctuation of SWC decreased as irrigation frequency increased. The temperature of the 0–40 cm soil layer varied with air temperature, but the range of fluctuation decreased with depth. Irrigation affected the distribution of soil water, increased soil heat capacity, and reduced the impact of air temperature on soil temperature, thus delaying the impact of air temperature on soil temperature. High-frequency drip irrigation could therefore effectively improve SWC, reduce water stress during the period of watermelon growth, and effectively delay the effect of air temperature on soil temperature, providing a theoretical basis for developing reasonable irrigation strategies and regulating soil water and heat in gravel-mulched fields.
Spatial distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediment of the Hai River and its tributaries in Tianjin, China
Authors: Kang Mengxin , Tian Yimei , Zhang Haiya , Wan Cheng
Published: August 2021

To assess the spatial distribution characteristics and health risk of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb, and Cr) in surface sediment of the Hai River and its tributaries in Tianjin, China, 32 surface sediment samples were collected. All the heavy metals mainly occurred in residue, except Cd. Cd primarily existed in the exchangeable fraction and posed a high risk to the aquatic environment. The mean values of pollution index followed a decreasing trend of Cu > Cd > Ni > Pb > Cr > Zn. The results of health risk assessment showed that the heavy metals were not a threat to local residents and Cr and Pb were the main contributors to the health risk. The carcinogenic risk posed by Cr was two orders of magnitude higher than that posed by Cd. A self-organizing map divided the 32 sites into three clusters and more attention should be paid to cluster 3. The results will be conducive to understanding the heavy metal pollution patterns and implementing effective and accurate management programs.
Propuestas para la acreditación de los institutos de las Fuerzas Armadas de Chile
Authors: Vergara-Paredes Sandrino Alfonso Abdón
Published: August 2021

A pesar de sus particularidades, los institutos militares chilenos son evaluados por la Comisión Nacional de Acreditación con los mismos parámetros de las instituciones civiles. El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer mejoras al proceso de acreditación de los institutos militares en aras de que responda a las características propias de estos. Para esto se aplicó un cuestionario a 17 informantes claves, con algunas entrevistas adicionales a algunos de ellos. Los datos obtenidos mediante el análisis presentan propuestas al proceso de acreditación, además de plantear las diferencias entre establecimientos civiles y militares. Como resultado, surgieron reveladoras propuestas de mejora, entre las que se destacan aspectos relacionados con la continuidad de los procesos y la capacitación en acreditación. También se establecieron las diferencias entre la educación civil y militar, así como algunos beneficios de la acreditación.
The resort to military force in the COVID-19 health emergency: A justification
Authors: Rasevic Zivorad
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been mobilizing the full capacities of societies worldwide to respond to unprecedented threats to national and human security. In many cases, emergency measures have involved military support to civil institutions, including law enforcement operations. This paper aims to understand the legality and legitimacy of these military operations better, using hermeneutic, comparative, and survey methodology. It is based on the assumptions that international human rights standards crucially determine moral requirements for domestic use of military force and that just war theory can be equally helpful in the decision-making on domestic military operations in such circumstances. This study assesses the justification of current military enforcement and recommends criteria for future emergencies.
En las aguas de la distinción
Authors: Rey-Pinto Eva Maria
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se enmarca en la denominada antropología de los militares. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es explorar los imaginarios alrededor del prestigio y su relación con la clase social en la Armada Nacional de Colombia, a partir de la pregunta sobre cómo se construye el prestigio en la oficialidad de la institución. Esto se hizo mediante una aproximación etnográfica basada en la construcción de historias de vida de oficiales, mujeres y hombres, que se incorporaron entre 1971 y 2001. Guiados por las categorías de prestigio, élite y distinción, se logró evidenciar el origen de un imaginario sobre una distinción basada en la clase social, que marca una diferencia con las demás Fuerzas Militares, así como un tránsito aún en proceso hacia la distinción basada en resultados académicos y operacionales de la institución.
La polemología como aporte metodológico para profundizar la historia de la guerra
Authors: Llantén-Quiroz Nicolás Fernando
Published: August 2021

Este artículo analiza el desarrollo de la polemología, sus aportes metodológicos y su enfoque explicativo sobre el fenómeno de la guerra, de cara a la nueva perspectiva historiográfica propuesta por la historia de la guerra. A través de un análisis inductivo, se vincula la necesidad de renovar la perspectiva interpretativa sobre el fenómeno de la guerra con las circunstancias y motivaciones que motivaron el surgimiento de la polemología, para plantear esta como un aporte de gran importancia para el desarrollo del nuevo campo de estudio de la historia de la guerra. Como resultado, se hallan coincidencias sobre la necesidad de ampliar el enfoque más allá del ámbito militar y superar el uso político de la historia de la guerra como pura descripción de eventos bélicos.
La disputa por el canal del Beagle y sus consecuencias geopolíticas para la zona austral-antártica
Authors: Manzano-Iturra Karen Isabel
Published: August 2021

Durante un siglo, Chile y Argentina mantuvieron un punto de discusión sobre sus fronteras en la zona austral: el canal del Beagle, ya que, por su ubicación geográfica, implicaba una disputa entre los intereses geopolíticos contrapuestos de ambas naciones. Este artículo pretende analizar la disputa por el canal del Beagle mediante una metodología cualitativa con una dimensión temporal establecida (1881-1984). Para ello se asume un enfoque geopolítico y se recurre a los tratados y acuerdos establecidos durante este tiempo, así como a autores chilenos y argentinos que defendían los intereses de sus respectivos países. Como resultado, se establecen las implicancias en el mar austral-antártico y las consecuencias en el plano marítimo y en la plataforma continental, consecuencias que llegan hasta la actualidad.
Los escritos de Daniel Riquelme como corresponsal chileno en la Guerra del Pacífico (1880-1881)
Authors: Ibarra-Cifuentes Patricio , Véliz-Rojas Claudio
Published: August 2021

Los despachos de Daniel Riquelme para El Heraldo de Santiago de Chile durante la campaña a Lima en la Guerra del Pacífico (1880-1881) representan el trabajo de uno de los corresponsales más importantes de ese conflicto, que se transformaría luego en un referente para la literatura chilena de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Este artículo analiza dichos escritos con base en lo que define Gaston Bouthoul como aspectos etnológicos, es decir, la transformación del imaginario social durante los conflictos y su tendencia hacia un maniqueísmo retórico patriótico. Así, se estudian las caracterizaciones sobre el comportamiento de los soldados chilenos, que se exalta, y la alteridad de los peruanos, que es despreciada, y el despliegue de una retórica nacionalista alineada con los intereses del Estado chileno durante la contienda.
Las relaciones Chile-Perú tras la Guerra del Pacífico
Authors: Gatica-Bórquez Jorge , Harvey-Valdés Hugo Enrique
Published: August 2021

Este artículo pretende revitalizar una disciplina que ha permanecido inexplorada en los últimos años: la polemología. Esta disciplina, surgida a mediados del siglo XX para comprender la complejidad del fenómeno de la guerra, sus disímiles causas y consecuencias, ha sido aislada y catalogada como belicista. En ese sentido, mediante la revisión de sus principales postulados y su aplicación a las teorías de cooperación internacional, este artículo rescata su influjo pacifista y positivo. Para ello, se estudian las relaciones entre Chile y Perú, que demuestran su capacidad para superar paulatinamente la carga histórica de la Guerra del Pacífico, con el fin de sumar elementos para una nueva polemología latinoamericana, que potencie los estudios de la guerra en la región.
Conjugation strategies on functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as a malaria vaccine delivery system
Authors: Al-Abboodi Aswan , Mhouse Alsaady Hussain A. , Banoon Shaima R. , Al-Saady Mohammed
Published: August 2021

Vaccination has been used effectively to protect from infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases such as cancer and allergies. Different forms of particulate arrangements, including nanoparticles, virus-like particles (VLPs), and virosomes, have been built recently depending on the type of pathogen to be targeted. The ability to conjugate the recombinant Plasmodium yoelii, 19-kDa C-terminal fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (PyMSP119) on the surface of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (SPIONs) was explored as a new technique of enhancing vaccination against malaria. Different conjugation strategies were performed to correlate the effects of nanoparticle chemistry surfaces to bind later with the malaria protein. (SPIONs) were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) alone (as a surface coater), or with both APTS and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (as a shield to protect the malaria protein from proteolytic enzymes) by using a modified silanisation method.

X-ray powder diffraction (XRD, Philips Model) patterns indicated that the SPIONs were of high purity with an inverse spinal structure. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was collected using PerkinElmer Spectrum 100 Series; spectra of uncoated and coated magnetite nanoparticles confirmed that the silane layer had been coated on the surface Fe3O4. The SPIONs were superparamagnetic as investigated by Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM, Princeton Applied Research, model ISS) and relatively stable in aqueous phase at room temperature and could also be quickly recovered from suspension using an external magnet. Introduce the carboxyl groups onto the SPIONs surfaces, resulting in a relatively high protein binding capacity onto the nanoparticle surfaces.

The bare particles had a mean size of around 20 nm with a relatively narrow size distribution. 82% of African Green Monkey fibroblast (COS-7) were alive in nanoparticle suspension using the MTT assay method. The quantity of protein explicitly bound to particles was determined using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) - Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE). SDS–PAGE. When the conjugation blend was prepared in EDC, there was approximately 100% binding between PyMSP119 and the Fe3O4-COOH particles because no protein band was apparent at the expected molecular weight for PyMSP119 (45 kDa).

The current study investigates the theory that the gradual, persistent release of the malaria antigen may stimulate and maintain an elevated level of immune response for an extended period in vivo, which will be the scope of future work.
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy: Diagnosis and Treatment Challenges
Authors: Sanchez-Alvarez Nayibe Tatiana , Bautista-Niño Paula Katherine , Trejos-Suárez Juanita , Serrano-Diaz Norma Cecilia
Published: August 2021

Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a neurological disease of the lysosomal deposit that has a significant impact given the implications for the neurodegenerative deterioration of the patient. Currently, there is no treatment available that reverses the development of characteristic neurological and systemic symptoms. Objective. Carry out an updated bibliographic search on the most critical advances in the treatment and diagnosis for LDM. A retrospective topic review published in English and Spanish in the Orphanet and Pubmed databases. Current treatment options, such as enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation aimed at decreasing the rapid progression of the disease, improving patient survival; however, these are costly. The pathophysiological events of intracellular signaling related to the deficiency of the enzyme Arylsulfatase A and subsequent accumulation of sulphatides and glycosylated ceramides have not yet been established. Recently, the accumulation of C16 sulphatides has been shown to inhibit glycolysis and insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. The significant advance in technology has allowed timely diagnosis in patients suffering from LDM; however, they still do not have an effective treatment.
Herramientas biotecnológicas en el diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento frente a pandemias
Authors: Molina Pamela , Torres Arias Marbel
Published: August 2021

Las pandemias son consideradas como un problema emergente de salud pública a nivel mundial, las cuales además de caracterizarse por tasas altas de morbilidad y mortalidad, ocasionan conflictos en los aspectos sociales, económicos y políticos. Las herramientas biotecnológicas, por su parte, han ido evolucionando conforme al avance tecnológico-científico, lo que ha permitido optimizar métodos de diagnóstico con alta sensibilidad y especificidad, además de mejorar el desarrollo de productos biológicos para la prevención y terapia de enfermedades. El objetivo de esta revisión es identificar la actualización de las herramientas biotecnológicas en el diagnóstico, tratamiento terapéutico y profiláctico frente a los patógenos causantes de las enfermedades pandémicas a lo largo de la historia, mediante la recopilación de información científica. Con este estudio se logró establecer que las herramientas y productos de origen biotecnológico han constituido un papel fundamental en el control de pandemias a través de la innovación constante que ha permitido alcanzar resultados eficientes tanto en diagnóstico como en el tratamiento.
Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and chronic diseases of nutritional origin
Authors: Pilay Bajaña Johanna , Ramírez Carguacundo Evelyn , Vizcaino Tumbaco María José , Silva-Ochoa Daniel , Di Grumo Davide , Dorado-Sanchez Luis , Orellana-Manzano Silvia , Manzano Patricia , Orellana-Manzano Andrea
Published: August 2021

The worldwide spread of the virus has claimed multiple lives, especially in vulnerable groups. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to present a viable solution for health personnel using the “JES” algorithm. The present study used the research to determine the possible complications presented by the sick individual, providing a viable and accessible healthcare personnel solution through the proposed “JES” algorithm. A non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, and explanatory research is presented. According to pathologies of interest, the articles were taken virtually from scientific journals present in Google Scholar and PubMed. The excluded publications were: articles that do not detail the established protocol for detecting SARS-CoV-2, studies that do not present a significant number of people with Covid-19 disease, articles that the person has the covid-19 disease but no underlying diseases of nutritional origin. It focused on the vulnerable or higher risk population group, including scientific information from children (over five years old), adults (over 18 years old), and older adults (over 65 years old) found in countries of the Asian and American continents. The R program analyzed the scientific articles using the ggplot2 package with a pie and bar diagram. A higher prevalence in men than women (56% vs. 44%) stood out. Likewise, arterial hypertension was presented in the first place with 40.82%, followed by diabetes with 30.61%, obesity with 12.24%, overweight and dyslipidemia with 6.12%, malnutrition with 4.08%. There was a higher prevalence of stable individuals (29%) within the health facility than those admitted to the ICU (20%). Adults with 69.39%, followed by older adults with 16.33%, and mixed ages with 14.29%. Comorbidities stand out as risk factors in people infected with SARS-CoV-2, regardless of age. A more significant contagion was observed in the male versus female population; since men do not develop a rapid immune response and have a high content of cytokines that at the time of infection are released more quickly and can cause more significant damage
The Accuracy of Tidal Volume Measured With a Smart Shirt During Tasks of Daily Living in Healthy Subjects: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mannée Denise , de Jongh Frans , van Helvoort Hanneke
Published: August 2021

Background

The Hexoskin is a smart shirt that can take continuous and objective measurements and could be part of a potential telemonitoring system.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the calibrated Hexoskin in measuring tidal volumes (TVs) in comparison to spirometry during various tasks.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, the TV of 15 healthy subjects was measured while performing seven tasks using spirometry and the Hexoskin. These tasks were performed during two sessions; between sessions, all equipment was removed. A one-time spirometer-based calibration per task was determined in session 1 and applied to the corresponding task in both sessions. Bland-Altman analysis was used to determine the agreement between TV that was measured with the Hexoskin and that measured with spirometry. A priori, we determined that the bias had to be less than ±5%, with limits of agreement (LOA) of less than ±15%. Lung volumes were measured and had to have LOA of less than ±0.150 L.

Results

In the first session, all tasks had a median bias within the criteria (±0.6%). In the second session, biases were ±8.9%; only two tasks met the criteria. In both sessions, LOA were within the criteria in six out of seven tasks (±14.7%). LOA of lung volumes were greater than 0.150 L.

Conclusions

The Hexoskin was able to correctly measure TV in healthy subjects during various tasks. However, after reapplication of the equipment, calibration factors were not able to be reused to obtain results within the determined boundaries.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register NL6934; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6934
Hecho con creative commons
Authors: Stacer Paul , Hinchliff Pearson Sarah ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas
Published: August 2021

Este libro, en parte análisis, en parte manual y en parte una colección de estudios de caso, es una guía para ayudar al lector a compartir su conocimiento y creatividad con el mundo, sin por ello dejar de cuidar los aspectos operativos. Partiendo de un modelo propietario, del famoso “Todos los derechos reservados”, hacia uno que permite a terceros copiar, reutilizar y modificar su trabajo es un gran cambio. Hecho con Creative Commons describe el cambio de mentalidad, los beneficios, y las prácticas a adoptar al “abrirse”. Sostiene que compartir es bueno para el negocio, particularmente para las compañías, organizaciones y personas creadoras a quienes les importan más factores que únicamente el económico. Hecho con Creative Commons es un libro lleno de consejo prácticos e historias inspiradoras, que presenta el verdadero significado de compartir.
Text Recognition Using Silent Speech
Authors: Kumar Dr. Girish
Published: August 2021

Our objective is to identify the characters from the quite speech of the English language. We tend to focus on the lip region to recognize the characters spoken clearly in the video. Our contribution is: foremost, this model is developed by using a pipeline method form absolutely automatic information assortment from the video. Though this, it generates a data set that is spoken by the individuals. Secondly, it is developed by using the machine learning algorithm Convolution Neural Network (CNN) that learns the lip motion. Thirdly, Convolution network turn out the efficient result by examining the video and also the data set.
Maximum Power Point Tracking Using Indirect Adaptive Control Algorithm and Comparison with Other MPPT Technique
Authors: Bagade Mr. P. D.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, which generate electricity regarded to be a renewable energy source, have great potential. Compared with the traditional power resources, they develop increasingly swiftly. However, the issue is that the environment varies depending upon on generation of Solar panels. The fundamental problem with a PV system is that, according to varied conditions (i.e., irradiance, ambient temperature, etc.), the quantity of energy that photovoltaic systems generate varies. The continued monitoring of the maximum power point (MPP) is needed to maximize the output of a PV system. In this paper, the maximum power point tracking technique (MPPTS) for a photovoltaic system to retrieve the maximum power from the solar arrays in adverse conditions, including changes in irradiation and temperature on the Voltage-current and Voltage-power characteristics of the photovoltaic array modulus is proposed. An indirect adaptive control technique and evaluated with various maximum power point tracking techniques is also stated. Keywords: photovoltaic, maximum power point, maximum power point tracking, indirect adaptive control.
Emotion Recognition in Speech Using with SVM, DSVM and Auto-Encoder
Authors: Augustine Jeena
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Emotions recognition from the speech is one of the foremost vital subdomains within the sphere of signal process. during this work, our system may be a two-stage approach, particularly feature extraction, and classification engine. Firstly, 2 sets of options square measure investigated that are: thirty-nine Mel-frequency Cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and sixty-five MFCC options extracted supported the work of [20]. Secondly, we've got a bent to use the Support Vector Machine (SVM) because the most classifier engine since it is the foremost common technique within the sector of speech recognition. Besides that, we've a tendency to research the importance of the recent advances in machine learning along with the deep kerne learning, further because the numerous types of auto-encoders (the basic auto-encoder and also the stacked autoencoder). an oversized set of experiments unit conducted on the SAVEE audio information. The experimental results show that the DSVM technique outperforms the standard SVM with a classification rate of sixty-nine. 84% and 68.25% victimization thirty-nine MFCC, severally. To boot, the auto encoder technique outperforms the standard SVM, yielding a classification rate of 73.01%. Keywords: Emotion recognition, MFCC, SVM, Deep Support Vector Machine, Basic auto-encoder, Stacked Auto encode
Comparative Analysis of Language Translation and Detection System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Verma Aishwarya R.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Words are the meaty component which can be expressed through speech, writing or signals. It is important that the actual message or meaning of the words sent must conveys the same meaning to the one receives. The evolution from manual language translator to the digital machine translation have helped us a lot for finding the exact meaning such that each word must give at least close to exact actual meaning. To make machine translator more human-friendly feeling, natural language processing (NLP) with machine learning (ML) can make the best combination. The main challenges in machine translated sentence can involve ambiguities, lexical divergence, syntactic, lexical mismatches, semantic issues, etc. which can be seen in grammar, spellings, punctuations, spaces, etc. After analysis on different algorithms, we have implemented a two different machine translator using two different Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) approaches and performed the comparative study of the quality of the translated text based on their respective accuracy. We have used two different training approaches of encodingdecoding techniques using same datasets, which translates the source English text to the target Hindi text. To detect the text entered is English or Hindi language, we have used Sequential LSTM training model for which the analysis has been performed based on its accuracy. As the result, the first LSTM trained model is 84% accurate and the second LSTM trained model is 71% accurate in its translation from English to Hindi text, while the detection LSTM trained model is 78% accurate in detecting English text and 81% accurate in detecting Hindi text. This study has helped us to analyze the appropriate machine translation based on its accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, Decoding, Machine Learning (ML), Detection System, Encoding, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Machine Translation, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Sequential
Classification of Image using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wagh Dr. Abhay E
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Now a day, with the rapid advancement in the digital contents identification, auto classification of the images is most challenging job in the computer field. Programmed comprehension and breaking down of pictures by framework is troublesome when contrasted with human visions. A Several research have been done to defeat issue in existing classification system,, yet the yield was limited distinctly to low even out picture natives. Nonetheless, those approach need with exact order of pictures. This system uses deep learning algorithm concept to achieve the desired results in this area like computer. Our framework presents Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a machine learning algorithm is used for automatic classification the images. This system uses the Digit of MNIST data set as a bench mark for classification of gray-scale images. The gray-scale images are used for training which requires more computational power for classification of those images. Using CNN network the result is near about 98% accuracy. Our model accomplishes the high precision in grouping of images. Keywords: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), deep learning, MINIST, Machine Learning.
Quadrature protection of squeezed states in a one-dimensional photonic topological insulator
Authors: Medina Dueñas Joaquin , O'Ryan Pérez Gabriel , Hermann-Avigliano Carla , Foa Torres Luis E. F.
Published: August 2021

What is the role of topology in the propagation of quantum light in photonic lattices? We address this question by studying the propagation of squeezed states in a topological one-dimensional waveguide array, benchmarking our results with those for a topologically trivial localized state, and studying their robustness against disorder. Specifically, we study photon statistics, one-mode and two-mode squeezing, and entanglement generation when the localized state is excited with squeezed light. These quantum properties inherit the shape of the localized state but, more interestingly, and unlike in the topologically trivial case, we find that propagation of squeezed light in a topologically protected state robustly preserves the phase of the squeezed quadrature as the system evolves. We show how this latter topological advantage can be harnessed for quantum information protocols.
Effect of Yoga on Quality of Life of Oral Healthcare Professionals during Covid- 19 Pandemic
Authors: Dr. Chandrashekhar Pandey  , Dr. Akhilesh Shewale  , Dr. Sneha Puri  , Dr. Shweta Bhayade  , Dr. Aruna Daware  , Dr. Indrajeet Deshpande
Published: August 2021

Yoga is a holistic approach to mental and physical health and is classified by the national institutes of health as a form of complementary and alternative medicine for human life. COVID 19 pandemic has impacted the quality of life of oral health care professionals. Our aim was to assess the effect of yoga on the quality of life of these professionals . Thirty participants (12 male/18 female) with a mean age 40.5 ± 2.5 years were prepared utilizing a 45-minute common yoga protocol module .All members went to 24 sessions over a 4-week regimen. A standard WHOQOL-BREF survey was utilized to evaluate the QOL in 4 areas (physical, psychological, social and environmental). The responses  in terms of  scores from the survey  were investigated utilizing independent student ‘t’ test. The change in the QOL following a 4-week yoga session was our studied outcome. After 4 weeks there was a significant change in physical  domain (p=0.001), psychological  domain (p=0.045) and in the total mean WHOQOL  score  (p=0.028).It  was  found  that  integrating  yoga  in daily  curriculum  does  enhance  the quality  of  life  of  oral healthcare professionals in the current COVID 19 Pandemic .
Patient-Centered Goal-Setting in the National Diabetes Prevention Program: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ritchie Natalie D. , Sauder Katherine A. , Kaufmann Peter G. , Perreault Leigh
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

Difficulty achieving preset goals (e.g., ≥5% weight loss, ≥150 min of weekly physical activity) in the yearlong National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) can prompt dropout and diminish benefits. We piloted a more patient-centered NDPP adaptation (NDPP-Flex) that promotes a variety of attainable and individually tailored goals to reduce diabetes risks, along with flexibility to adjust goals each week as needed.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Retention, physical activity, weight, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were evaluated among diverse participants with diabetes risks who received our pilot of NDPP-Flex beginning in January and July 2018 (n = 95), with a planned comparison with standard NDPP delivery in preceding cohorts that launched between September 2016 and October 2017 (n = 245). Both the standard NDPP and NDPP-Flex interventions were 1 year in duration and implemented in phases (i.e., nonrandomized).

RESULTS

Average adjusted retention (e.g., 158.90 ± 15.20 vs. 166.71 ± 9.38 days; P = 0.674), physical activity (157.97 ± 11.91 vs. 175.64 ± 7.54 weekly min; P = 0.231), and weight loss (1.46 ± 0.38% vs. 1.90 ± 0.24%; P = 0.396) were similar between NDPP-Flex versus standard NDPP. However, NDPP-Flex participants had greater HbA1c reduction on average (0.22 ± 0.05% vs. 0.06 ± 0.03%; P = 0.018) and were more likely to have normoglycemia at follow-up (odds ratio 4.62; P = 0.013 [95% CI 1.38–15.50]) than participants in the standard NDPP.

CONCLUSIONS

An adapted, more patient-centered NDPP that focuses on flexible, self-selected goals may be a promising strategy to improve glycemia even in the absence of substantial weight loss.
Patient-Centered Goal-Setting in the National Diabetes Prevention Program: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ritchie Natalie D. , Sauder Katherine A. , Kaufmann Peter G. , Perreault Leigh
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Difficulty
achieving preset goals (e.g., ≥5% weight loss, ≥150 minutes of weekly physical
activity) in the yearlong National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) can prompt dropout and diminish benefits. We piloted a more patient-centered NDPP adaptation
(NDPP-Flex) that promotes a variety of attainable and individually-tailored goals to reduce diabetes
risks, along with flexibility to adjust goals each
week as needed.

Research Design and Methods: Retention,
physical activity, weight, and HbA1c were evaluated among diverse participants
with diabetes risks who received our pilot of
NDPP-Flex beginning in January and July 2018 (n=95), with a planned
comparison to standard NDPP delivery in preceding cohorts that launched between
September 2016 and October 2017 (n=245).
Both the standard NDPP and NDPP-Flex interventions were one year in duration
and implemented in phases (i.e., non-randomized).

Results: Average
adjusted retention (e.g., 158.90 ± 15.20 vs. 166.71 ± 9.38 days; P=.674),
physical activity (157.97 ± 11.91 vs. 175.64 ± 7.54 weekly minutes; P=.231),
and weight loss (1.46 ± 0.38% vs. 1.90 ± 0.24%; P=.396) were similar between
NDPP-Flex versus standard NDPP. However, NDPP-Flex
participants had greater HbA1c reduction on average (0.22 ± 0.05% vs. 0.06 ±
0.03%, P=.018) and were more likely to have normoglycemia at follow-up
(OR 4.62; P=.013; 95% CI 1.38-15.50) than participants in the standard
NDPP.

Conclusions: An adapted, more patient-centered NDPP that focuses on flexible, self-selected
goals may be a promising strategy to improve glycemia even in the absence of substantial
weight loss.
Spinal Dysraphism: Presentation, Management and Outcome of Patients undergoing Surgery
Authors: Gupta Dr. Vipul Kumar , Bhat Dr. Ankur , Sharma Shilpi , Gupta Dr. Bhumika
Published: August 2021

The development of the spinal cord can be summed up in three developmental stages: gastrulation (2–3 weeks), primary neurulation (3-4 weeks) and secondary neurulation (5–6 weeks). Any sort of deviance in any of these stages causes anomalies in spine and spinal cord; these anomalies are referred as spinal dysraphism. The approximated incidence of spinal dysraphism is about 1/1000 live births. The present study aims at varied presentations, management and surgical consequences in spinal dysraphism. Methods: A study on surgical treatment of spinal dysraphism was done over the period of 6 months from December 2019- May 2020 at GMC, Jammu. In the study at hand; the clinical aspects, management and surgical outcomes in case of spinal dysraphism were characterized. Results: A total of 30 patients of spinal dysraphism were operated with 70% males and 30% females. The age group selected for the study was between 0-3 years. In early post-operative period the most common symptoms were found to be meningitis (6%), minor wound infection (10%), major wound infections (14%) and 14% patients reported CSF leakage. Out of 30 patients who underwent surgery, 67% patients had good outcome, 20% reported satisfactory outcome and 13% reported poor outcome with an overall mortality rate of 13%. Conclusion: Spinal dysraphism is a complex disorder and requires a multidisciplinary approach for management. The present study suggests that surgery is the prominent treatment along with good post-operative care for the better life of the patient.
Sistem Identifikasi Tingkat Kematangan Buah Nanas Secara Non-Destruktif Berbasis Computer Vision
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Prasetyo Nevalen Aginda , Surtono Arif , Junaidi Junaidi , Pauzi Gurum Ahmad
Published: August 2021

A computer vision-based non-destructive pineapple maturity level identification system has been realized. This research was conducted to create a system capable of identifying six indexes of pineapple maturity level. An artificial neural network is used as a classifier for the level of maturity pineapples. Artificial neural network input is a statistical parameter consisting of mean, standard deviation, variance, kurtosis, and skewness of RGB and HSV color models pineapple images. Statistical parameters of the color model with a Pearson correlation value greater than 0.5 were used to characterize pineapple images. A total of 360 pineapple images were used in the training process with a percentage of 75% of training data and 25% of validation data. An image segmentation process is applied to separate the pineapple image from the image background. The result of this research is a pineapple maturity level identification system consisting of software and hardware which is able to identify six indexes of pineapple maturity level with average accuracy value of 98,4%.
TOLAK BALAK: Tinjauan atas Ritual Atib Ko Ambai di Rokan Hulu
Authors: Syahrun Nizom , Bakar Abu , Ghafur Abdul
Published: August 2021

Dalam tradisi Ritual Atib Ko Ambai (tradisi tolak bala) terdapat beberapa hal penting yang terbagi atas dua tradisi ritual itu sendiri yaitu; Tradisi Ritual Atib Ko Ambai dalam acara ritual tolak bala, serta tradisi ziarah makam datuk rambai. Dalam acara Ritual Tolak Bala dilaksanakan sekali dalam setiap tahunya pada saat hari keempat idul fitri. Pelaksanaan dimulai dari pukul 8 pagi hingga selesai, dengan tujuan untuk menolak bala serta membuang segala bentuk hal-hal buruk dan juga penyakit ke laut. Sedangkan tradisi ziarah makam Datuk Rambe dalam membayar niat/nazar (sebagai masyarkat yang berniat) Masyarakat yang datang dari berbagai daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hilir tersebut bernazar untuk datang ke makam Datuk Rambe dengan niat ”Jika nanti dia sembuh dari penyakit yang dideritanya, maka ia akan mengadakan syukuran atas hal itu. Kemudian akan kembali ke makam Datuk rambe. untuk berdoa‟a serta melakukan tradisi Ziarah Makam Datuk Rambe. Ziarah tersebut terdiri dari beberapa aspek yang tergambar pada nilai sejarah, nilai simbol pada kain putih, nilai keagamaan (Religius), dan Nilai Kekeluargaan.
TRADISI MANDI BALIMAU Menengok Kembali Nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Tradisi di Riau
Authors: Mawarti Sri
Published: August 2021

Artikel ini memotret salah satu tradisi di daerah Riau, yaitu tradisi mandi balimau kasai potang mogang. Tradisi yang diselenggarakan pada saat menjelang bulan Ramadan ini, memiliki pesan moral yang cukup menarik untuk dieksplorasi dengan pendekatan pendidikan. Mandi balimau sendiri bermakna mandi dengan menggunakan air yang dicampur jeruk serta wewangian, kasai adalah salah satu bahan yang dicampurkan didalam air pemandian yang terbuat dari campuran beras, kunyit, daun serai dan daun jeruk purut. Sedangkan potang mogang adalah menjelang petang. Rangkaian acara yang dilakukan antara lain bersih-bersih makam dan ziarah bersama. Secara edukatif, tradisi mandi balimau kasai potang mogang ini memiliki makna; Pertama, sebagai symbol membersihkan diri dalam menyambut bulan suci ramadhan; Kedua, symbol saling memaafkan dengan berkumpul dan bersilaturahim bersama masyarakat, teman, keluarga dan sebagainya.