bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interrelations between viral load and cellular immunity in patients with COVID-19 of varying severity
Authors: Nikitin Yu. V. , Aleksandrova E. V. , Krivoruchko A. B. , Meshkova M. E. , Minaeva L. V. , Zhdanov K. V. , Artamonov A. A. , Kozlov K. V. , Ivanov A. M. , Maltsev O. V. , Ivanov K. S. , Lyashenko Yu. I. , Masalov E. B.
Published: February 2023

Assessment of viral load levels in various biological samples taken from the respiratory tract can be an indicator of an ongoing process of active viral replication and may be used to monitor severe respiratory viral infections. The study of the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and immunological laboratory parameters is an important step in the search for clinical markers of COVID-19.

The aim of this research was to quantify viral load in patients with COVID-19 and to identify the relation-ship between viral load and changes in the parameters of the cellular component of the immune system.

A laboratory examination was carried out on 74 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, they were divided into 3 groups based on the severity of the disease: mild, moderate, severe. Total viral load in clinical samples was determined by the number of SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies per 100 copies of the reference RNaseP gene.     A comprehensive assessment of the cellular component of the immune system was performed using flow cytometry and direct monoclonal antibodies, and the IL-6, and C-reactive protein concentrations were determined.

We revealed a relationship between the development of serious clinical conditions in the patients with COVID-19, and the levels of viral load. High levels of viral RNA in biological samples correlate with main indicators of the T cell component of the immune system associated with disease severity. In a subgroup of patients with an extremely high viral load, strong positive correlations were found between the relative numbers of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+), activated T lymphocytes (CD3+HLA-DR+), as well as absolute and relative numbers of activated B lymphocytes and NK cells (CD3-CD25+).

Laboratory monitoring of the cellular component of the immune system, along with the assessment of viral loads, should improve  early assessment of clinical condition in the patients with COVID-19. Changes   in expression levels of activation markers on immune cells can be potentially viewed as indicators of recovery during COVID-19.
Thymic gland aspects in childhood: morpho-functional reciprocal relationships betwen thymus, nervous and endocrine system, in particular, with the somatotrophic axis hormones
Authors: Minyailova N. N. , Rovda Yu. I. , Vedernikova A. V. , Shabaldin A. V. , Zinchuk S. F. , Shmakova O. V. , Golomidov A. V. , Lobykina A. A. , Sokharev V. V.
Published: February 2023

Thymic gland (thymus) represents a huge mystery for biology, medicine (primarily immunology), including pediatric issues. Complexity of the study is determined by the multiplicity of integral connections of thymus with other components of immune system, neuroendocrine, hematopoietic systems, connective tissue, different organs and cells which provide appropriate barrier function. Discerning the direct thymic function from this continuum, or determining specific role of molecular factors (neuropeptides, growth hormone, etc.) upon the immune physiology represents a problem which is not yet resolved. In this review article dedicated to the current state of the problem, we consider the morphological and functional relationships between thymus, neuroendocrine system and, in particular, with hormones of the somatotropic axis. These interactions may also manifest by clinical heterogeneity which may be associated with impaired morphogenesis (organogenesis) at a very early stage of embryogenesis; namely, under the influence of gene family that determine the fate of each segment of the embryo-Hox genes which control the expression of other, functionally interconnected genes. Previously, T lymphocytes produced by the thymus and brain neurons have been shown to express the same antigen (Thy antigen), which was considered a specific antigen of T lymphocytes. A common molecular language, mediated by the molecules of intercellular interaction, was revealed which is used for the signal exchange between the cells, tissues and organs regulating the three mentioned systems (nervous, endocrine and immune). The interest of pediatricians in this field is associated with definite concept of human ontogenesis, from birth to elderly age, with thymic gland playing the main role, since antenatal period to early childhood. The main line of reasoning in this research area is not only theoretical, but also important from practical point of view. Since any critical involution of the thymus is accompanied by reduced number of produced and exported cells, a hormone-based therapy may be an alternative strategy to restore the organ by increasing thymocyte proliferation, and exporting mature T cells to peripheral lymphoid organs. Great opportunities have been opened in clinical immunology due to development of effective epistemological methods, e.g., genetic knock-out, transgenic animal models with human stem cell transfer, transplantation of hematopoietic and immunopoietic cells in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, immune cell malignancies, autoinflammatory diseases, and, finally, infections of the immune system.
Патріотичне виховання як чинник формування національної ідентичності в умовах російської агресії
Authors:   National-Patriotic Education and Leadership, State Institute of Family and Youth Policy, Chupriy Leonid , Sira Oksana ,   National-Patriotic Education and Leadership, State Institute of Family and Youth Policy
Published: February 2023

The article examines the features of patriotic education of Ukrainian youth in the context of the formation of national identity. It is noted that this process was significantly intensified in the context of Russian aggression, when the entire Ukrainian people united into one, defending the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, democratic values, human rights and freedoms. Today, Ukraine is an outpost of European civilization, protecting it from the expansion of the Russian Federation. It is noted that in the context of increasing current threats and challenges, national-patriotic education is an important security factor, as it is aimed at forming the national identity of young people, their willingness to defend their homeland. It is emphasized that patriotism is the basis for the formation of national identity. It is pointed out that, in essence, national identity is a multidimensional concept that can integrate cultural, ethnic, professional, regional, gender, or other types of identities, preserving each of them. It is noted that several identity groups coexist in Ukraine, each of which seeks to become national. The first group includes identities that have a strong national-patriotic character, focused on preserving the identity of Ukrainians, the development of national language, culture, customs and more. The second group is partly pro-European cosmopolitan identities, focused on democratic pan-European values, seeking integration with the European Union. The third group includes pro-Russian identities, which are disappearing in the face of the Russian Federation’s aggression against Ukraine, as Russia has completely discredited itself by destroying peaceful towns and villages, killing civilians. The last, fourth group consists of cosmopolitan identities that perceive themselves as citizens of the vanished USSR and do not accept the values of the three previous groups. It is noted that the idea of polyethnic, social, political harmony on the basis of the generally accepted goal – ensuring the spiritual and material well-being of the citizens of Ukraine should be the basis for the formation of national identity; The idea of patriotism, love for Ukraine as a defining value; national self-esteem and respect for representatives of other nations and national minorities. It is emphasized that in the conditions of Russian aggression there is an active formation of national identity, which is based primarily on supporting the culture and language of the titular Ukrainian ethnic group, education of patriotism and the formation of the Ukrainian political nation.
Суспільство та держава у світлі їх функціонального навантаження як джерело незручних питань в розрізі соціального буття людини
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kaluha Volodymyr
Published: February 2023

Numerous attempts to improve social institutions are conventionally nominal or declarative. The latter indicates that essential changes in this perspective are possible only as a collateral consequence of exertion in another sphere. Respectively, the subject of the efforts should be the person as a whole, including their culture, nature and way of being through certain activities. The efficiency of the effort is determined, among other things, by good will and the intention of the subject to improve, whereas the formation of the intentions is conditioned by experiences as emotionally affected or idea-driven. Thus, properly formed ideas about social institutions are the beginning of a systematic transformation of the institutions themselves conceived to be as humane as possible – both comfortable and favorable for self-realization of the person in accordance with individual growth. The afore-mentioned ideas should be based on the establishment of the functional core in human existence, i.e. the ability to meet specific needs and expectations. At the same time, various assumptions about what the phenomena, institutions or processes might be, do not only distract from the effective activities, including fulfillment of assigned duties, but also trigger numerous conflicts. Therefore, this article is aimed at understanding the functional core, and the place and role of a number of key social institutions in human life. The impetus for this reconsideration has been a desire to overcome the conditionality of everyday life, based on assimilated mass stereotypes as the truth due to systemic social training, concealed behind education and upbringing. In addition, contextually, the article represents an unconventional viewpoint on the relationship between law and legislation, correlated with nature and the status of man. Since the transitory link between human nature and human status is sexuality based on the established hierarchy of values, the realization or leveling of human rights, therefore, is determined by the system of laws, which is formed in accordance with the hierarchy of the intrinsic values. At the same time, the system of laws or norms of social action and interaction shows the functioning of the state as a mechanism to limit or control the manifestation of radical evil, in other words, the tendency of man to give themselves the right of exception.
Суб’єкти муніципально-правової політики як різновиду правової політики держави
Authors:   National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine, Marchenko Volodymyr
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of subjects of municipal legal policy. The author made a thorough analysis of approaches to the definition of legal policy, municipal legal policy and gives his own vision on this issue, based on scientific literature and the provisions of Ukrainian and foreign legislation. The article considers two approaches (activity and institutional) to the understanding of the concept of «legal policy» in the scientific literature and analyzes the approaches to the definition of «legal policy». Thus, the paper presents the scientific developments of the representatives of the activity approach, in which the main subject of legal policy is the state bodies, it is concluded that such an approach narrows the understanding of the subjects of legal policy. The opinions of the representatives of the institutional approach are studied and it is noted that their understanding of legal policy without the allocation of subjects is quite controversial. The paper singles out the scientific approach, according to which the subjects are understood as state and municipal bodies, it is said that such an approach also narrows the understanding of the subjects. The author concludes that the subjects of legal policy can include government agencies and non-governmental organizations (political parties, NGOs, citizens, the scientific community). Regarding the definition of subjects of municipal legal policy, the author analyzes the approach to which the subjects are public authorities, local governments and the local community. It is noted that this definition of subjects in terms of separate allocation of the local community is fully consistent with the provisions of Art. 140 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The approach to the selection of subjects of municipal legal policy, according to which the subject is local government, is studied. The author believes that this position should be criticized because the municipal legal policy is formed and implemented not only at the local but also at the national level. The results of the study conclude that the allocation of state and non-state structures as subjects is the most balanced position in the scientific literature. The author concludes that the subjects of municipal legal policy should be understood as state and non-state (political parties, public organizations, etc.) structures, as well as individual citizens, scientists. The separation of state and non-state structures as groups of subjects of municipal legal policy is substantiated, as well as their division into a number of smaller subgroups.
Przemiany na rynku wina w Polsce
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Wójcik Anna
Published: February 2023

Recent years saw significant changes on the wine market in Poland, not only in terms of production and consumption but also sales. It can be mostly contributed to domestic legislation changes and consumers readiness to grasp Western European culture prompted by the accession of Poland to the European Union. The aim of the article is to show the changes in the Polish wine sector and to present the main determinants of wine production, such as legal and geographical conditions. The work also presents the characteristics of the supply and demand sides of the domestic wine market. It also identifies the factors that have mostly contributed to the improvement of the situation of producers and shows the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of wine sales in Poland. Critical analysis of literature and statistical data allowed the obtainment of detailed information on the topic under study and for a detailed presentation of systematized facts related to the production and trade of wine in Poland over the last several years. An important element of this article is the account of the segmentation of Polish wine consumers, in which six main groups of people imbibing the drink in question have been proposed and described.
Ensemble Learning for Interpretable Concept Drift and Its Application to Drug Recommendation
Authors: Peng Yunjuan , Qiu Qi , Zhang Dalin , Yang Tianyu , Zhang Hailong
Published: February 2023

During the COVID-19 epidemic, the online prescription pattern of Internet healthcare provides guarantee for the patients with chronic diseases and reduces the risk of cross-infection, but it also raises the burden of decision-making for doctors. Online drug recommendation system can effectively assist doctors by analysing the electronic medical records (EMR) of patients. Unlike commercial recommendations, the accuracy of drug recommendations should be very high due to their relevance to patient health. Besides, concept drift may occur in the drug treatment data streams, handling drift and location drift causes is critical to the accuracy and reliability of the recommended results. This paper proposes a multi-model fusion online drug recommendation system based on the association of drug and pathological features with online-nearline-offline architecture. The system transforms drug recommendation into pattern classification and adopts interpretable concept drift detection and adaptive ensemble classification algorithms. We apply the system to the Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) treatment process. The experiment results show our system performs nearly as good as doctors, the accuracy is close to 100%
Structural optimisation of transportation equipment using an adaptive approximation model
Authors: Liu Xin , Chen Zhonghua , Liu Xiang , Zhou Zhenhua , Li Qiqi , Wang Fang
Published: February 2023

Considering the high computational cost of the optimisation process of complex transportation equipment, an efficient structural optimisation method for transportation equipment based on the multi-criteria sample updating and management strategy of the approximation model is proposed. First, the approximation models of the objective function and constraints are established based on the radial basis function, and the intergeneration projection genetic algorithm is applied to find the optimal solution. According to error evaluation of the optimal solution, second, the function fluctuation index is used to adopt the local sample points. Meanwhile, the global sample points are solved by the inherited Latin hypercube design to ensure the distribution uniformity of samples in the whole design space. Furthermore, the weighted Euclidean distance criterion is applied to evaluate the rationality between the samples. Then, the qualified samples are added to the sample space to update the approximation models of the transportation equipment. Based on the above multi-criteria sample updating and management strategy, more accurate optimisation results could be obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the method and its applicability in practical application of transportation equipment are investigated by one numerical test and one engineering example.
Hepatoprotective effect of taxifolin on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling
Authors: Althunibat Osama Y. , Abukhalil Mohammad H. , Jghef Muthana M. , Alfwuaires Manal A. , Algefare Abdulmohsen I. , Alsuwayt Bader , Alazragi Reem , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. , Almuqati Afaf F. , Karimulla Shaik , Aladaileh Saleem H.
Published: February 2023

Taxifolin (TA) is a natural flavonoid found in many foods and medicinal plants with well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an effective antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent; however, it is associated with numerous adverse events, including hepatotoxicity. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of TA using a mouse model of CP-induced hepatotoxicity. Mice were co-treated with TA (25 and 50 mg/kg, orally) and CP (30 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 consecutive days and sacrificed 24 hours later. CP induced increased transaminases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) paralleled with pronounced histopathological alterations in the liver. Moreover, hepatic tissues of CP-injected mice showed increased malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and nitric oxide (NO) levels, accompanied by decreased antioxidant defenses (glutathione [GSH], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]). Livers of CP-injected mice also showed increased inflammatory response (NF-κB p65 activation, increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin 1 beta [IL-1β] and IL-6) and apoptosis (decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase-3 expression levels). Remarkably, TA ameliorated markers of liver injury and histological damage in CP-injected mice. TA treatment also attenuated numerous markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver of CP-injected mice. This was accompanied by increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in the liver tissues of CP-injected mice. Taken together, this study indicates that TA may represent a promising new avenue to prevent/treat CP-induced hepatotoxicity and perhaps other liver diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
Amicon NMWCO Filter Concentration and Buffer Exchange v1
Authors: Adams Lauren
Published: February 2023

This Amicon NMWCO filter protocol helps concentration dilute elution fractions containing protein as well as assists with buffer exchange if necessary.
Glucose Concentration assay (Hexokinase/G6PDH method) v1
Authors: T Hass Daniel , B. Hurley James
Published: February 2023

The assay I describe measures glucose concentration in a sample. The principle of the assay is to consume glucose from the sample with hexokinase and excess ATP in the buffer, then to oxidize the resulting glucose-6-phosphate and simultaneously generate NADPH from excess NADP+ in the buffer. NADPH can be observed on a microplate reader because it absorbs light at 340 nm. I adapted this assay for use in a microplate reader from "A flexible system of enzymatic analysis" by Oliver Lowry and Janet Passoneau. It is reliable, inexpensive, and diagnostically useful for calculating cell or media glucose consumption rates.
Cryosectioning fresh frozen tissues for multimodal imaging v1
Authors: Rajbhandari Presha
Published: February 2023

This protocol describes sectioning for fresh frozen tissues for multimodal imaging including Hematoxylin & Eosin staining, DESI imaging mass spectrometry, SIMS imaging mass spectrometry and RNAscope imaging.
RNA extraction protocol for snake genomes usingTRlZOL reagent（Invitrogen） v2
Authors: Liu Boyang
Published: February 2023

A protocol to extract RNA from snake muscle using TRlzol reagent (Invitrogen, USA) and RNA extraction kit (Thermo Scientific, USA) in this protocol.
Adsorption Efficiency Comparison of Activated Carbon Derived from Various Herbs
Authors:   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Sahsiny J. Jaga , Baba Haizal Marissa Widya ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Razali Nur Ain Nadhirah ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ragunathan Thuushren ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Sheikh Abdullah Siti Rozaimah ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Nordin Darman ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Ali Jarinah ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Proses, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

The production of activated carbon from herbs has attracted the attention and interest of many researchers. This is because herbal plants have good performance in the process of removal and recovery of heavy metals. Furthermore, its low cost and availability in large quantities attracted researchers to produce activated carbon from herbs. Herbs are a cheaper, effective alternative to commercial activated carbon for the removal of heavy metals and water-based textile dyes. There are various types of herbal plants used in this experiment, which are neem, curry, moringa and tulasi leaves. Besides that, other adsorbents can also be used such as rice husk, coconut husk and jackfruit skin residue. Activation process consisting of physical and chemical activation is a common method used to produce activated carbon from herbs. These methods may affect both the chemical and physical of the activated carbon obtained from herbs. In this study, the factors influencing the adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency were observed from the literature review and compare to the experimental results. Current study on activated carbon generated from various herbs and itsactivation methods from herbs are also discussed. The evolution of adsorption has changed from an alternative approach to a proper technique and has many advantages. The adsorption performance is also more satisfactory in terms of adsorption capacity and solves the problem of wastewater pollution in a more economical way. Thus, it is also able to overcome some of the problems of solid waste around the world.
Level of Service (LOS) and Bus Headways: A Case Study of George Town, Penang
Authors:   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, Muhammad Fisal Siti Fadhlina , Abdul Sukor Nur Sabahiah ,   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Bus ridership is affected by the quality of the bus service. Level of Service (LOS) and bus headways are among the key factors for the quality of bus service. This study aims to measure the quality of bus service based on Level of Service (LOS), the reliability of bus headway and its relationship with the number of private vehicles in George Town CBD of Penang. Several bus route for Rapid Penang bus services (11, 101, 201, 301, CAT and CT7) were selected according to the maximum headway (30 minutes) that calculated using the Transit Capacity and Quality Service Manual (TCQSM). Bus arrival time was observed at the bus stops and the traffic count was conducted to obtain the volume of private vehicles during peak hours. Level of Service (LOS) was determined using TCQSM on-time performance calculations. This study found that bus route No 11, 101, 201 and 301 did not comply with the estimated headway schedule. These bus routes were classified as LOS D and LOS E, whereas bus route CAT showed reliable service with LOS A and LOS B. Interestingly, the findings also reported that the high number of private vehicles affecting only LOS and the reliability of certain bus routes were significant. It shows that there are other limiting factors that cause the bus services unreliable and thus increase the waiting time of passengers.
Evaluating the Rheological Properties and ageing Resistance of Waste PET-Modified Bitumen Binder
Authors:   School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia, Mashaan Nuha , Chegenizadeh Amin ,   School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia, Nikraz Hamid ,   School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
Published: February 2023

Reusing waste plastic can significantly contribute to saving the environment from further pollution and the economy from extra expenses. Waste plastics have a vital role in the current asphalt applications. Trial sections of roads made with waste plastic modified asphalt during 2019 in Australia, highlighted the significant importance of laboratory assessments; however, they are yet to be conducted. This study investigates the impact of using local waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic in bitumen binder class C320, which is a common bitumen type used for local road surfacing in Australia. The evaluation of numerous contents of waste PET modified bitumen is carried out before and after ageing conditions. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFOT) and Pressure ageing Vessel (PAV) tests were utilised to examine the rutting, fatigue, and ageing of bitumen binder. The results displayed that the use of waste plastics results in enhanced rutting and ageing resistances. Based on DSR results, bitumen samples modified with waste PET display improved performance in terms of rising the complex shear modulus and reducing the bitumen’s susceptibility to deformation at high temperatures. Furthermore, 8% of waste PET increases the fatigue cracking resistance as it shows a low fatigue factor. Further rutting and fatigue tests on asphalt mixtures samples are recommended to better understand the mechanical properties of waste PET plastic on modified C320 asphalt mixtures.
An Analysis of End-of-Life Vehicle Policy Implementation in Malaysia from the Perspectives of Laws and Public Perception
Authors:   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Harun Zambri , Wan Mustafa Wan Muhammad Syahmi ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Abd Wahab Dzuraidah ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Abu Mansor Mohd Radzi ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Saibani Nizaroyani ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Ismail Rozmi ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mohd. Ali Hasani ,   Faculty of Law, Hashim Noor Azuan ,   Faculty of Economy and Management Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Mohd Paisal Siti Maisarah ,   Malaysia Automotive, Robotics & IoT Institute (MARii)
Published: February 2023

End-of-life vehicles (ELV) policy implementation has long been a hotly debated issue in Malaysia. Vehicles that have become ELVs should be disposed of accordingly to prevent environmental pollution and also for the purpose of recycling useful materials, particularly metals. The automotive industry affects the earth environment through greenhouse gas emissions such as air-conditioning gas (CFC/HFC) which will increase global warming and uncontrolled use of raw materials. Even poorly managed ELV waste will cause gas emissions and toxic substances to be released to the environment. To reduce this problem, the implementation of an ELV policy should be seriously considered. In order to have a successful implementation of the ELV policy, support from the public is essential. Thus, this study aims to understand the ELV related laws and their implementation in the neighbouring countries and to ascertain public perception on ELV implementation in Malaysia. The study involves literature search on implemented ELV laws in the neighbouring countries and a survey involving 58 respondents. Results from the survey were analysed using SPSS. This paper presents and discusses the findings from the study. The study indicates that the level of public awareness and acceptance of ELV implementation are quite low. In general, it can be concluded that the implementation of ELV in Malaysia needs to be carefully studied before it is implemented in order to ensure acceptance from the public.
Biomarkers of interstitial lung disease in systemic scleroderma and their significance
Authors: Khorolsky D. V. , Klimenko A. A. , Kondrashov A. A. , Shostak N. A. , Demidova N. A.
Published: February 2023

Systemic scleroderma (SSD) is a rare immune-inflammatory systemic disease of connective tissue with a typical lesion of skin, blood vessels, musculoskeletal system and internal organs (lungs, heart, digestive tract, kidneys). The SSD pathogenesis is based on activation of a cascade of complex immune interactions that lead to vasculopathy. The presence of many pathophysiological links in the progression of the disease causes a variety of clinical manifestations in various patients with SSD. A full assessment of all stages of SSD development is still being carried out and every newly open element of the interaction of immunological subjects completes the overall picture of the disease. A number of studies show a correlation between level of several biomarkers and both disease prognosis and estimated therapy effectiveness. Recent data confirm importance of the biomarkers for formation of patterns of a particular disease phenotype in a specific patient. Depending on relation of the biomarkers to various biological processes, several of their categories are distinguished: biomarkers expressed in lung tissue, cellular units of immunity, nucleic acids, acute phase indicators, connective tissue growth factors, matrix proteinases and their inhibitors, chemokines and cytokines, as well as biomarkers of endothelial activation. Discovery of a novel set of the indicators can be decisive in determining the management tactics and forecasting the response to therapy of some groups of patients with SSD. By combining the most recent data on significant markers obtained in the framework of extensive studies, we have described the most significant biomarkers of SSD and their link to interstitial lung disease (ILD) that is formed in SSD.
Relapses of pain syndrome in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica during reduction of glucocorticoid therapy
Authors: Bunchuk N.   V.
Published: February 2023

An analysis of causes leading to pain recurrence in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PR) after tapering down the dose of glucocorticosteroids (GCS) is presented. True exacerbations resulting from the main disease recurrence and pseudo-exacerbations when the resumption of pain syndrome is not due inflammation but because of other causes – steroid myopathy or chronic adrenal insufficiency (AI) are identified. The experience of using tocilizumab, an inhibitor of interleukin-6 receptors, as steroid-sparing agent in patients with PR is considered. The factors contributing to pain syndrome development, which can mimic exacerbations of PR (associated myofascial pain, vitamin D deficiency, etc.) are indicated. The methodology for AI diagnosis in patients receiving GCS therapy is discussed in detail. Recommendations for the rational AI therapy including acute cases are given.
Features of a well-timed macular hole closure related retinal regmatogenous detachment complicated by macular hole
Authors: Fayzrakhmanov Rinat R. , Shishkin Mikhail M. , Larina Evgenia A. , Sekhina Olga L. , Vaganova Elena E.
Published: February 2023

The literature review deals with the analysis of the timing and surgical techniques of macular hole closure in patients with retinal detachment complicated by macular hole. Modern concepts of treatment tactics for this disease, its efficacy are analyzed. Benefits and drawbacks of each of the discussed surgical treatment methods are specified.
Phacoemulsification in patients after previous implantation of a complete intrastromal ring into a corneal transplant
Authors: Sinitsyn Maksim V. , Pozdeyeva Nadezhda A.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The MyoRing implantation into a corneal transplant can significantly compensate for irregular post-keratoplastic astigmatism. However, the cataract that occurs in this category of patients and the lack of information in the literature on its phacoemulsification and the calculation of a toric intraocular lens (tIOL) power in them determines the relevance of our study.
AIM: The aim of the study is to conduct a clinical and functional analysis of phacoemulsification in patients after previously performed implantation of a MyoRing into a corneal transplant.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We operated on 21 patients (21 eyes) who had previously undergone the MyoRing implantation into a corneal transplant. According to keratotopography, all patients were diagnosed with a regular form of corneal astigmatism. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with tIOL implantation. When calculating the tIOL power, its diopter value was corrected depending on the average value of the corneal transplant keratometry according to the keratotopogram data. The observation period duration was 6 months.
RESULTS: One month after the procedure, there was an increase in uncorrected visual acuity by 0.2 0.9 LogMAR, best corrected visual acuity by 0.3 1.0 LogMAR, the spherical component of refraction up to 0.4 0.44 D, the cylindrical component of refraction up to 0.62 0.18 D, all of which did not change later on.
CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification with tIOL implantation, with its power calculated taking into account an additional correction for its diopter value, is an effective, predictable and safe method of treating patients after previously performed MyoRing implantation into a penetrating corneal transplant.
Nilai Pendidikan Kesenian Wayang Beber Pacitan sebagai Ide Penciptaan Ilustrasi Dekoratif Digital
Authors: Al-Bahrani Muhammad Wahidul Kohar , Ratnawati Ike , Prasetyo Abdul Rahman
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Pacitan Wayang Beber is a sacred art that is on the brink of extinction. The government in Pacitan's Regional Report of Local Culture (PPKD) seeks to socialize and actualize cultural values that require the involvement of cultural actors and the community. This study aims to create a digital illustration containing the educational value of Pacitan Wayang Beber Arts. Data collection is done on Pacitan Wayang Beber in Gedempol village, Pacitan district, East Java province, through observations (participatory observers) and interviews with a purposive sampling approach. The method used in this creation is the method of SP. Gustami, the stages include the exploration stage, the design stage, and the embodiment stage. Referring to this process, this illustration work with the theme of the educational value of Pacitan Wayang Beber are realized by creating six different forms of shirt clothing. The results of this creative work are in the form of six shirts, entitled: 1) living, 2) towards independence, 3) spring sea, 4) stepping on the earth, 5) Buto war, and 6) courtyard. The educational values of Pacitan Wayang Beber that are raised in this work include hard work, determination, love, humility, honesty, and diplomacy.
Keywords: Wayang Beber; educational value; digital decorative illustration
Abstrak: Wayang Beber Pacitan adalah kesenian sakral yang hampir mengalami kepunahan. Pemerintah dalam Pokok Pikiran Kebudayaan Daerah (PPKD) Pacitan, berupaya mensosialisasikan dan mengaktualisasi nilai kebudayaan yang memerlukan keterlibatan pelaku budaya dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan Ilustrasi digital yang berisi tentang edukasi nilai pendidikan Kesenian Wayang Beber Pacitan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada pewaris Wayang Beber Pacitan di desa Gedempol, kecamatan Donorojo, kabupaten Pacitan, provinsi Jawa Timur melalui pengamatan (observer partisipatoris) dan wawancara dengan pendekatan (purposive sampling). Metode yang digunakan pada penciptaan ini adalah metode dari SP. Gustami, tahapannya meliputi tahap eksplorasi, tahap perancangan, dan tahap perwujudan. Mengacu pada proses ini, maka diwujudkan karya ilustrasi dekoratif digital bertema nilai pendidikan Wayang Beber Pacitan dengan penerapan busana kemeja sejumlah enam bentuk karya. Hasil karya penciptaan ini berupa enam produk kemeja, dengan rincian judul karya sebagai berikut: 1) menghidupi, 2) menuju merdeka, 3) laut musim semi, 4) memijak bumi, 5) perang buto, dan 6) pelataran. Nilai pendidikan Wayang Beber Pacitan yang diangkat dalam karya ini di antaranya adalah: kerja keras, tekad, cinta kasih, rendah hati, jujur, dan diplomasi.
Kata kunci: Wayang Beber; nilai pendidikan; ilustrasi dekoratif digital
Legenda Asal Mula Reog Kendang Tulungagung sebagai Ide Penciptaan Batik Lukis pada Selendang
Authors: Karomah Indriyawati , Ratnawati Ike , Anggriani Swastika Dhesti
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Tulungagung is one of the regencies located in East Java province which is famous for its culture. One of the manifestations of this culture is the Reog Kendang dance. There is a story of the origin of the creation of this Reog Kendang dance, where many people do not know the origin of the creation of this art and the meaning contained in each of its dance movements. This background becomes the basis for the work to introduce legendary stories that have a moral message contained and there are character values that can be known. The purpose of this creation is to describe the concept of the idea of creating painted batik with the theme of Reog Kendang on a scarf, explore the process of creating painted batik and visualize painted batik on a scarf with the theme of Reog Kendang. The creation of painted batik uses the method of crafting art by SP Gustami which consists of stages of exploration, design, and realization. The results of the creation are six painted batik works with the title; Dewi Kilisuci, Mandat Sang Prabu, Titah Sang Dewi, Jenggala, Reog Kendang, and Terperdaya.
Keywords: Tulungagung; Reog Kendang; painting batik
Abstrak: Tulungagung merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang terletak di Provinsi Jawa Timur yang terkenal dengan kebudayaannya. Salah satu wujud kebudayaan tersebut yaitu kesenian tari Reog Kendang. Terdapat kisah asal mula terciptanya tari Reog Kendang yang masyarakat belum ketahui, seperti asal mula terciptanya kesenian ini dan makna yang terkandung pada setiap gerakan tarinya. Latar belakang tersebut menjadi landasan dalam berkarya guna mengenalkan kisah legenda yang memiliki pesan moral yang terkandung serta terdapat nilai karakter yang dapat diketahui. Tujuan penciptaan ini adalah memvisualisasikan konsep ide penciptaan batik lukis bertemakan Reog Kendang pada selendang serta mengeksplorasi proses penciptaan batik lukis. Metode penciptaan yang digunakan adalah metode seni kriya oleh SP Gustami yang terdiri dari tahap eksplorasi, perancangan dan perwujudan. Hasil pencipatan berupa enam karya batik lukis dengan judul; Dewi Kilisuci, Mandat Sang Prabu, Titah Sang Dewi, Jenggala, Reog Kendang, dan Terperdaya.
Kata kunci: Tulungagung; Reog Kendang; batik lukis
Percepción y adaptación del cambio climático en habitantes del Centro Poblado de Caribayona en el Municipio de Villanueva, Casanare
Authors: Abril Bohórquez Rayzza Sharom , Infante Peralta Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2023

En la presente investigación se plasmaron los resultados y metodología aplicada en la evaluación de la resilienciade los habitantes del centro Poblado de Caribayona en el municipio de Villanueva Casanare con respecto al cambioclimático. Como instrumentos de recolección de información se trabajó con observación directa de campo y laherramienta de entrevista semiestructurada la cual previamente fue probada y evaluada por la metodología Delfhi(panel de expertos). Una vez desarrollada la etapa investigativa y recolección de la información se identificó elcontexto actual de la población objeto de estudio. En este sentido, se caracterizó socioeconómicamente la poblacióny se determinaron las principales amenazas del cambio climático en la sostenibilidad ambiental para finalmenteestablecer estrategias de adaptación basadas en experiencias reales y acordes a la población de estudio.
Actividades económicas y calidad del agua del Río Moche, puente Constancia y puente Concón
Authors: DIAZ DIAZ Natalia del Pilar , GONZÁLEZ CASTRO Jeanette Baldramina
Published: February 2023

La continua presión en las aguas superficiales por las actividades antrópicas, puede afectar de forma negativa la calidad de los recursos hídricos, este impacto se refleja la contaminación de aguas que constituye un riesgo a la salud de las personas y la calidad de productos agrícolas, agropecuarios e hidrobiológicos. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre las actividades económicas y la calidad del agua del río Moche. Se utilizó como instrumento fichas de observación, serealizó un recorrido del área de estudio y se establecieron dos puntos de monitoreo, donde se evaluaron las actividades económicas y las características físicas, químicas y biológicas del agua en época de avenida y época de estiaje en el puente Constancia (RMoche2) y el puente Concón (RMoch6), a partir de las actividades económicas y la calidad del agua; la presencia de pasivos ambientales mineros, depósitos de relaves, bocaminas y depósitos de escombros mineros, además de la presencia de residuos sólidos ubicados en el área de estudio, constituyen valores elevados de metales pesados, principalmente, que superan a los establecidos en los Estándares de Calidad de Agua, aprobado mediante D.S N° 004-2017-MINAM.Palabras clave: Calidad del agua, metales pesados, relaves, actividades económicas.
Relación entre los factores de la personalidad y los estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios peruanos
Authors: Rosas Prado Carmen Elvira , Zuloeta Salazar José Félix , Urbina Rosas Claudia Maribel , Zuñe Chero Limberg
Published: February 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar y determinar la relación entre los factores de la personalidad y los estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios peruanos. Con la finalidad de alcanzar dicho propósito, se aplicó un diseño correlacional, en la cual participaron 68 estudiantes de Administración, 45 estudiantes de Contabilidad, y 38 estudiantes de Negocios Internacionales del primer ciclo de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales de la Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo-Perú. Para evaluar los factores de la personalidad se empleó el Cuestionario de 16 Factores de la Personalidad de Raymond Catell, y para la evaluación de los estilos de aprendizaje, el Test de VARK. Para determinar la asociación entre las variables, se empleó la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado. Los resultados evidencian una preferencia por el estilo de aprendizaje auditivo y en segundo lugar, el estilo lectura/escritura. Con respecto al análisis de los factores de la personalidad, se observó para el caso de Administración, un porcentaje relativamente alto de estudiantes discretos, tímidos, lentos y torpes al expresarse, vergonzosos y retraídos, sociables, cariñosos, de buen carácter, cooperativos, dominantes, competitivos. Para el caso de Contabilidad, se observó estudiantes obedientes, dóciles, sumisos y humildes, sociables, participativos, de buen carácter, sentimentales y confiados. En cuanto a Negocios Internacionales, se encontró estudiantes con baja capacidad cognitiva, con capacidad de control, escrupulosos socialmente, dominantes, agresivos, severos, competitivos, de mente independiente. Finalmente los resultados de la prueba de independencia, evidencian la no existencia de asociación entre los factores de la personalidad y los estilos de aprendizaje.
Programa de intervención psicológica en estudiantes víctimas de bullying
Authors: Cabanillas Zuloeta Jennifer Sadith , Dávila Gonzáles Liliana Melina , Calle Lejabo Jakory , Sosa Pérez Lisset Ariadna , Lloclla Gonzales Herry , Vidaurre García Wilmer Enrique
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar la influencia de un programa de intervención psicológica para sobre los índices bullying en estudiantes del nivel secundaria, el tipo de investigación fue aplicada con enfoque cuantitativo, su diseño pre experimental, como población y muestra se consideró a 20 estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria, la técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y como instrumento se empleó un cuestionario de 25 de ítems cuya finalidad es conocer detalladamente el nivel de la variable de estudio., el cual pudo ser aplicado de manera colectiva con de duración de 15 minutos. Asimismo, cabe mencionar que con el fin de facilitar la comprensión de los resultados del análisis realizado los ítems tuvieron como respuesta: nunca, casi nunca, a veces, casi siempre y siempre. Como resultado principal, después de aplicada la prueba de normalidad y la prueba Wilcoxon arrojó que la Sig (0,015) < p-valor (0,05) rechazando de esta manera H0. Por tanto como conclusión quedó establecida que si aplicamos un programa de Intervención Psicológica, se logra disminuir los niveles del bullying en estudiantes del nivel secundaria.