bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioleaching Ability of Fungi Isolated from an Indonesian Sulfurous River Sediment
Authors: Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani , Warmada I Wayan , Wilopo Wahyu , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: June 2020

The unique characteristics of sulfurous river sediment located in Ungaran, Indonesia, are a reservoir of novel fungi with manganese bioleaching properties. Fungi are known to produce metabolic organic acids that have a potential for the industrial application of leaching metal from the ores. This application has high advantages, including low cost, low energy, and creates minimal environmental damage. Therefore, this research was performed to analyze the manganese bioleaching activities of two fungal isolates (KA2B2 and KB4B) from Indonesian sulfurous river sediment on pyrolusite and determine their phenotypic characters. These activities were investigated in terms of changes in fungal biomass, soluble manganese concentration, pH reduction, and organic acid production during 16 days of leaching. Soluble manganese concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), whereas organic acid concentrations were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). According to bioleaching investigations, KA2B2 strain was more efficient than KB4B1 strain in extracting manganese from 0.02 g/cm3 pyrolusite. It also produced higher levels of organic acids, such as oxalic acid and citric acid, than KB4B1 strain, proving that strain of KA2B2 could be used to extract manganese from pyrolusite. Based on the phenotypic characters, both strains were identified as genus Penicillium.
Carbonization of Lignin Extracted from Liquid Waste of Coconut Coir Delignification
Authors: Widiyastuti Widiyastuti , Rois Mahardika Fahrudin , Setyawan Heru , Machmudah Siti , Anggoro Diky
Published: June 2020

Lignin as a by-product of the pulping process is less widely used for worth materials. In this study, the utilization of lignin by-product of the soda delignification process of coconut coir converted to the activated carbon by a simple precipitation method followed by the carbonization at various temperatures is presented. The by-product liquor of the soda delignification process having a pH of 13.4 was neutralized by dropping of hydrochloric acid solution to achieve the pH solution of 4 resulting in the lignin precipitation. The precipitated was washed, filtered, and dried. The dried lignin was then carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures of 500, 700, and 900 °C. The dried lignin and carbonized samples were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyzer, to examine their morphology, X-Ray diffraction pattern, chemical bonding interaction, and surface area-pore size distribution, respectively. The characterization results showed that the functional groups of lignin mostly disappeared gradually with the increase of temperature approached the graphite spectrum. The XRD patterns confirmed that the carbonized lignin particles were amorphous and assigned as graphitic. All samples had a pore size of 3–4 nm classified as mesoporous particles. This study has shown that the carbonization lignin at a temperature of 700 °C had the highest surface area (i.e. 642.5 m2/g) in which corresponds to the highest specific capacitance (i.e. 28.84 F/g).
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Film on the Surface of Indonesian Bamboo Timber by TiO2 Deposition and Using Octadecyltrichlorosilane as a Surface Modifier Agent
Authors: Wellia Diana Vanda , Wulandari Wulandari , Mustaqimah Arifah , Pratiwi Nurul , Putri Yulia Eka
Published: June 2020

The tropical bamboo has been widely used in modern society as a potential material for various applications. It is well known that bamboo has low durability due to its hydrophilic properties. To overcome this problem, the superhydrophobic surface on Indonesian bamboo timber had been successfully fabricated via hydrothermal deposition of an anatase TiO2 and solution immersion of octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS), which exhibited a maximum water contact angle (WCA) of 155°. The as-fabricated superhydrophobic bamboo timber not only showed high mechanical resistance against the abrasion of SiC sandpaper but had also been proven to possess high chemical stability after immersion in acidic and basic aqueous solutions. Moreover, the superhydrophobic bamboo timber also demonstrated excellent self-cleaning and flame-resistance properties, in comparison to pure bamboo timber. It is believed that the strategy offered in this study can increase the utilization of bamboo timber for various purposes, especially as a self-cleaning material.
In Silico Study on Interaction and Preliminary Toxicity Prediction of Eleutherine americana Components as an Antifungal and Antitoxoplasmosis Candidate
Authors: Damayanti Sophi , Martak Nadiyah Athifah Salim , Permana Benny , Suwandi Adi , Hartati Rika , Wibowo Indra
Published: June 2020

Red bulbs of Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. ex K. Heyne has been known for its high content of naphthoquinones that have antifungal and antiparasitic activities. In this research, in silico interaction study was performed between 31 compounds reported to be found in E. americana with the selected target proteins for antifungal and antitoxoplasmosis activity using the molecular docking method. An ORPs (OSBP-related proteins), Osh4 (PDB ID: 1ZHX), and N-myristoyltransferase (Nmt, PDB ID: 1IYL) were used as the antifungal target proteins. Toxoplasma gondii purine nucleoside phosphorylase (TgPNP, PDB ID: 3MB8) and calcium-dependent protein kinase-1 (TgCDPK1, PDB ID: 4M84) were used as antitoxoplasmosis target proteins. Three-dimensional structures of the test compounds were made and optimized using GaussView 6.0 and Gaussian 09W. The target proteins were prepared using the Discovery Studio 2016 Program. Aquatic toxicity prediction as the preliminary assessment of the safety of the compounds was performed using ECOSAR v2.0. The results suggest that the compound having both the smallest free binding energy compared with positive control and other test compounds and low predicted toxicity is β-sitosterol with a free binding energy of ‒11.55 and ‒11.18 kcal/mol towards Osh4 and Nmt and ‒8.06 and ‒10.29 kcal/mol towards TgPNP and TgCDPK1, respectively.
Kinetic study of HTPB (Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene) Synthesis Using Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Wibowo Heri Budi , Dharmawan Widhi Cahya , Wibowo Ratih Sanggra Murti , Yulianto Adi
Published: June 2020

A kinetic study of HTPB synthesis by radical polymerization of butadiene with hydrogen peroxide initiator was conducted using infrared spectroscopy. HTPB conversion was determined based on the conjunction termination rate constant, and all polymerization kinetics were evaluated to identify the constant. All polymerization steps (decomposition, initiation, propagation, conjunction, and proportional termination) can be evaluated based on polymer conversion and functionality from data provided by infrared spectroscopy. The investigation variables included the initial molar ratio of initiator to monomer (H2O2/butadiene) and the reaction temperature. These steps were assumed as the first-order reactions, giving constant reaction rates of kd, ka, kp, kt, ktc, and ktd. The reaction rates obtained for these constants were 4.2 × 10–5 sec–1, 8.9 × 10–4, 7.7 × 103, 8.5 × 107, 3.2 × 107 and 5.3 × 107 L mol–1 sec–1, respectively, with activation energy of 7608, 14188, 2247, 105, 87 and 135 kJ mol–1, respectively. The determining step of the reaction rate was identified as the initiation reaction. HTPB conversion can be measured if all polymerization kinetics constants have been evaluated.
Sistem Monitoring Temperatur Tuang Logam dan Penggunaan Energi Berbasis IoT di MIDC
Authors: Eryantono Anugrah Erick , Fauzi Muhammad Nauval , Fathurrohman Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Persaingan ketat antar pelaku industri pengecoran logam menuntut penggunaan teknologi pengecoran untuk menghasilkan produk berkualitas tinggi dan kuantitas yang banyak dengan biaya produksi yang optimal. Beberapa parameter yang memengaruhi produk hasil pengecoran adalah temperatur saat penuangan serta laju penuangan. Temperatur tuang harus memperhitungkan kehilangan panas yang disebabkan oleh pemindahan logam melalui ladle, karena antara tungku dan cetakan ada jarak tertentu dan pengaruh lingkungan sekitar yang menyerap panas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem monitoring yang dapat memonitor laju penurunan temperatur saat penuangan secara real time serta terekam, sehingga dapat menjadi bahan analisis untuk memperoleh hasil pengecoran yang optimal. Serta diperlukan juga suatu sistem monitoring penggunaan energi saat proses pengecoran berlangsung, agar harga pokok produksi hasil coran dapat dikendalikan. Teknologi revolusi industri 4.0 pada industri pengecoran logam, khususnya baja karbon dan besi tuang/cor, dapat membantu, yaitu dengan penggunaan sistem monitoring temperatur tuang logam dan energi (daya kelistrikan) pada mesin tungku induksi saat proses pengecoran berlangsung. Sistem monitoring yang dirancang bertujuan untuk memudahkan operator menampilkan data secara real time, menyimpan, dan mengolah data serta mengevaluasi data pada cloud/server. Sistem ini diintegrasikan dengan menggunakan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT). Database parameter pengecoran (temperatur tuang dan penggunaan energi) yang didapat dari hasil pengukuran sensor-sensor dan tersimpan di cloud digunakan sebagai bahan analisis dan evaluasi penelitian di bidang pengecoran logam baja karbon dan besi tuang. Hasil analisis dari sistem monitoring ini diharapkan dapat membantu mengontrol penggunaan energi yang berlebihan di MIDC.
Asesmen ECG-Apnea Satu Sadapan untuk Peningkatan Akurasi Klasifikasi Gangguan Tidur Berdasarkan AdaBoost
Authors: Fahruzi Iman , Purnama I Ketut Eddy , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery
Published: June 2020

Gangguan tidur adalah terganggunya aliran pernapasan (kolaps) yang berulang saat tidur. Gangguan tidur umumnya tidak terdiagnosis dan tidak tertangani dengan baik sehingga terjadi interupsi berulang pada saluran pernapasan. Kondisi tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan penderita mengalami gangguan tidur yang serius. Salah satu alat bantu yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adanya gangguan tidur pada ritme jantung adalah melalui rekaman electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG merupakan suatu grafik yang merepresentasikan aktivitas listrik pada jantung berupa gelombang P, gelombang QRS, dan gelombang T. Banyaknya sensor untuk merekam ECG menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pasien saat perekaman data, menyebabkan kompleksitas rekaman, lambatnya komputasi, kesalahan dalam interpretasi, dan kehilangan informasi klinis. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu sistem peringatan dini sebagai alat bantu medis yang mampu mendiagnosis rekaman ECG menggunakan satu sadapan. Sistem didesain menjadi lima tahapan, yaitu akuisisi rekaman ECG, praproses, ekstraksi fitur, seleksi fitur, dan proses klasifikasi. Fitur set yang diperoleh dari rekaman ECG berupa variabel-variabel yang diperoleh dari domain waktu, domain frekuensi, dan analisis nonlinear. Pengujian menunjukkan metode AdaBoost memiliki nilai kinerja paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan SVM, k-NN, dan NN. Metode AdaBoost secara berurutan memiliki kinerja classification accuracy, F1 score, precision, recall, sensitivity, dan specificity sebesar 90,1%, 90,1%, 90,3%, 90,1%, 86,9%, dan 93,3%.
Klasifikasi Pneumonia pada Citra X-rays Paru-paru dengan Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Maysanjaya I Md. Dendi
Published: June 2020

Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit paru-paru yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, jamur, ataupun parasit. Kantung udara dipenuhi oleh cairan sehingga menyebabkan sesak dan batuk berdahak. Pengamatan kondisi paru-paru pasien dilakukan paramedis melalui foto rontgen (X-rays). Namun, kualitas citra rontgen terkadang kurang optimal, sehingga dikembangkan sistem otomatisasi berbasis CAD. Pada makalah ini, ditawarkan sebuah dataset baru tentang citra foto toraks untuk kasus pneumonia. Citra diklasifikasi menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah menguji kinerja CNN dalam menangani dataset baru. Data diperoleh dari platform Kaggle sejumlah 5.840 citra, yang terdiri atas 1.575 citra paru-paru normal dan 4.265 citra paru-paru pneumonia. Data dibagi menjadi data latih dan data uji, dengan jumlah data secara berurutan 5.216 citra dan 624 citra. Fungsi aktivasi CNN menggunakan fungsi Rectifier Linear Unit (ReLU), fungsi optimasi Adam, dan epoch sebanyak 200. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, diperoleh rata-rata nilai akurasi dan rata-rata nilai loss secara sekuensial sebesar 89,58% dan 47,43%. Hasil pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode CNN cukup mampu untuk melakukan klasifikasi kasus pneumonia.
MPPT Menggunakan Algoritme Particle Swarm Optimization dan Artificial Bee Colony
Authors: Hakim Ermanu Azizul , Al Ghufran Tamadar , Effendy Machmud , Setyawan Novendra
Published: June 2020

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) merupakan salah satu pembangkit energi listrik terbarukan yang memanfaatkan panas matahari. Namun, karena intensitas cahaya yang diterima oleh solar cell dan suhu pada solar cell selalu berubah-ubah, daya yang dihasilkan kurang optimal. Untuk mengoptimalkan daya keluaran solar cell, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). Solar cell tidak hanya dapat dioptimalkan dengan mencari titik MPPT saja, tetapi juga dapat dioptimalkan menggunakan konverter DC-DC. Pada makalah ini, digunakan boost converter yang dioptimalkan dengan algoritme Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dan Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). Berdasarkan pengujian sistem, diperoleh efisiensi tertinggi dari boost converter adalah sebesar 78,25%, pada duty cycle 20%. Dari pengujian sistem secara keseluruhan yang dilakukan pada pukul 09.00 WIB sampai 11.10 WIB, diperoleh daya rata-rata sistem tanpa MPPT sebesar 12,55 W, daya rata-rata sistem MPPT menggunakan boost converter dengan algoritme PSO sebesar 16,79 W, dan daya rata-rata sistem MPPT menggunakan boost converter dengan algoritme ABC sebesar 14,52 W. Dari hasil ini diketahui bahwa daya keluaran sistem MPPT menggunakan boost converter dengan algoritme PSO lebih optimal daripada sistem MPPT menggunakan boost converter dengan algoritme ABC.
Urinary Lithogenic Risk Profile in ADPKD Patients Treated with Tolvaptan
Authors: Bargagli Matteo , Dhayat Nasser A. , Anderegg Manuel , Semmo Mariam , Huynh-Do Uyen , Vogt Bruno , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Fuster Daniel G.
Published: June 2020

Background and objectives

Nephrolithiasis is a common health problem in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and significantly contributes to patient morbidity. Recently, Tolvaptan has been introduced for the treatment of ADPKD, but whether it is associated with alterations of the urinary lithogenic risk profile remains unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted an analysis of participants enrolled in the Bern ADPKD registry, a prospective observational cohort study. Twenty-four-hour urine analyses were performed at baseline and then at yearly follow-ups. Relative supersaturation ratios for calcium oxalate, brushite, and uric acid were calculated with the program EQUIL2. Unadjusted and multivariable mixed-effects linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, eGFR, net acid excretion, and height-adjusted total kidney volume, were used to assess the association of Tolvaptan with urinary parameters relevant for kidney stone formation. The maximum individual follow-up time was 3 years, median follow-up time 1.9 years, and cumulative follow-up time 169 years.

Results

In total, 125 participants (38 with and 87 without Tolvaptan treatment) were included in the analysis. In multivariable analysis, Tolvaptan treatment was associated [adjusted estimate of the difference between Tolvaptan and no Tolvaptan; 95% confidence interval (CI)] with lower urine relative supersaturation ratios for calcium oxalate (−0.56; 95% CI, −0.82 to −0.3; P<0.001), brushite (−0.33; 95% CI, −0.54 to −0.11; P=0.004), and uric acid (−0.62; 95% CI, −0.88 to −0.37; P<0.001), and with higher urine citrate in mmol/mmol creatinine per day (0.25; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.46; P=0.02) and calcium in mmol/mmol creatinine per day (0.31; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.53; P=0.006) excretion. In addition, Tolvaptan treatment was associated with lower net acid excretion in mEq/mmol creatinine per day (−0.54; 95% CI, −0.90 to −0.17; P=0.004) and higher net gastrointestinal alkali absorption in mEq/mmol creatinine per day (0.57; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.88; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Tolvaptan treatment is associated with a significantly improved urinary lithogenic risk profile in patients with ADPKD.
Research on China-Pakistan Trade Potential under the Construction of “China-Pakistan Economic Corridor”
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Mughees , Chen Jun , Zhao Chen yang
Published: June 2020

Pakistan and China’s trade relation have always been good and growing. The trade volume has always been increasing dramatically every year and has come to a point where Pakistan is dependent on the imports from China. Although many researchers have chosen this topic and written, and this topic is also especially important. This research covers the aspect of the relation between China and Pakistan for example Industrial trade, Raw material etc. This research states the problems occurred between trade. Moreover, this thesis will be including empirical analysis and statistical data analysis of both the countries. Also, the study will include the policies and the trading the agreements. The micro and macroeconomics will be discussed and the effect of large imports from China. Trade deficit of Pakistan and the current account deficit will also be discussed. Demand and Supply and favorable government policies are discussed.
UJI ANTIOKSIDAN DENGAN METODE DPPH DARI FORMULASI LULUR KRIM EKSTRAK POLIFENOL Gelidium sp
Authors: Sopianti Densi Selpia
Published: June 2020

The use of scrubs with natural ingredients is increasingly widespread to prevent side effects from the use of chemicals, one of which is polyphenol compounds from Gelidium sp. The purpose of this study was to make scrubs from the extract of Gelidium sp polyphenol tested by antioxidants and the DPPH method. The method of making polyphenol extract with from Gelidium sp using 50% methanol and then made to scrub formulations with and multiplication of extraction of 10,15,20% and in physical properties testing including organoleptic test, pH tets, dispersion test, sticky power test, hedonic test, cream type test and antioxidant. The results of the study showed that the pysical properties of cream scrubs, in the organoleptic test, affected the shape and color. pH test, scattering power test, ticky strength affect the preparation because the more extracts are added into the preparation, the higher the value abtained. The most preferred formula by the researcher is in the formula 3 (three). Antioxidant test gets value IC50 vitamin C 435,79 ppm. While each formula gets a value formula 1 : 701,12 ppm, formula 2 : 679,32 ppm, dan formula 3 : 152,45 ppm.
Caracterización de Candida spp. aisladas a partir de urocultivos en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Duque Clara M. , Sanchez Diana Marcela , Gaviria Angela , Vallejo Acosta Alexandra , Gómez Beatriz , Gómez Oscar Mauricio , Rua Giraldo Alvaro , Hernandez Orville
Published: June 2020

Candida spp. es un agente etiológico importante en infecciones del tracto urinario, principalmente en población con terapia antimicótica de amplio espectro y con catéteres urinarios. Candida albicans es la especie más frecuente, pero otras especies han surgido como patógenos emergentes. En este trabajo se recolectaron aislamientos de Candida spp. de urocultivos de pacientes que consultaron en Dinamica IPS entre enero 2016 y noviembre 2017. Para estimar la frecuencia de las especies y observar los patrones de sensibilidad, se realizó la identificación fenotípica y su perfil de sensibilidad con el sistema comercial Vitek 2® (BioMérieux, Inc.), adicionalmente se evaluaron mediante análisis de las secuencia y filogenética ITS1-5.8S-ITS2. En el estudio se incluyeron 78 aislamientos de Candida spp. Las frecuencias de especies de Candida identificadas empleando las herramientas moleculares fueron: C. albicans (38,5%), C. tropicalis (23,1%), C. glabrata (21,8%), C. parapsilosis (10,3%), C. metapsilosis y C. krusei (2,5%) y C. guillermondi (1,3%). La identificación por métodos moleculares y por el sistema Vitek 2 fue: C. albicans (93,3%), C. glabrata (94,1 %), C. tropicalis (83,3%), C. parapsilosis (75%) C. guilliermondii y C. krusei (100%). La sensibilidad de todos los aislamientos al fluconazol fue 93,6%.
Infarto esplénico asociado a infección por citomegalovirus, primer reporte de caso en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Pardo Santiago , Ochoa-Díaz Andrés
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El infarto esplénico ocurre cuando la arteria esplénica o alguna de sus ramas quedan ocluidas, ya sea por émbolos distantes o por trombosis in situ. Dentro de la literatura mundial hay muy pocos casos documentados de infarto esplénico asociado a infección por Citomegalovirus, por lo que este podría considerarse el primero en Colombia. Presentación del Caso: Se trata de una paciente femenina de 53 años quien fue atendida en una institución de tercer nivel de la Ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, por cuadro de dolor abdominal, a quien se le realizó una tomografía abdominal contrastada que demostró en el bazo una lesión hipodensa en cuña correspondiente con infarto esplénico por lo cual se realizaron estudios complementarios evidenciando como único dato positivo la positividad de la IgM para Citomegalovirus, descartándose eventos de h ipercoagulabilidad. Discusión: El infarto esplénico es una condición infrecuente que normalmente se presenta con síntomas variables e inespecíficos, dentro de las enfermedades infecciosas que corresponden con aproximadamente el 30% de los diagnósticos de Infarto esplénico, la infección por Citomegalovirus únicamente ha sido reportada en muy pocos casos. Se presenta el caso de una mujer joven con infarto esplénico como diagnóstico final de dolor abdominal en quien se descartaron causas de hipercoagulabilidad y se confirma la infección aguda por Citomegalovirus, lo cual se ha descrito muy poco en la literatura y puede considerarse el primer caso reportado en Colombia.
Microstructure & Tribological Performance of Alumina-3wt% Titania Coatings Produced by APS
Authors: DJENDEL Mokhtar , ALLAOUI Omar , MAAZOUZ Mourad , BOUBAAYA Rabah
Published: June 2020

Al2O3-3wt%TiO2 coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The wear and friction properties of Alumina–3wt.% titania coatings against a steel ball under dry friction conditions were examined. The microstructure result and the phase of the spray coating is analyzed and presented. In addition, wear behavior of the sprayed coating are evaluated for final coating performance. , test results showed that increasing some process parameters increased the performance of mechanical properties of coating and gave the lowest friction coefficient value of coating.
Thermodynamics of the Quark Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe
Authors: AL-ZAKI Hamid
Published: June 2020

The recent progress in collider experiments provides us with valuable information to understand the properties of the quark-gluon plasma. In this study, we provide the analytical solution to the deferential equation of the time evolution of the temperature in the early Universe in the MIT bag model for gluons only. We discuss the equation of state of a QGP in a particular model, the possible signs for a plasma created in heavy-ion collisions and provide analytic solutions describing the time evolution of the energy density, temperature and pressure of this plasma in the early universe.
A review of algorithms, methods, and techniques for detecting UAVs and UAS using audio, radiofrequency, and video applications
Authors: Flórez Jimmy , Ortega José , Betancourt Andrés , García Andrés , Bedoya Marlon , Botero Juan S.
Published: June 2020

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have had an exponential evolution in recent times due in large part to the development of technologies that enhance the development of these devices. This has resulted in increasingly affordable and better-equipped artifacts, which implies their application in new fields such as agriculture, transport, monitoring, and aerial photography. However, drones have also been used in terrorist acts, privacy violations, and espionage, in addition to involuntary accidents in high-risk zones such as airports. In response to these events, multiple technologies have been introduced to control and monitor the airspace in order to ensure protection in risk areas. This paper is a review of the state of the art of the techniques, methods, and algorithms used in video, radiofrequency, and audio-based applications to detect UAVs and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). This study can serve as a starting point to develop future drone detection systems with the most convenient technologies that meet certain requirements of optimal scalability, portability, reliability, and availability.
Análisis frecuencial y de la densidad espectral de potencia de la estabilidad de sujetos amputados
Authors: Luengas C. Lely A. , Toloza Daissy C.
Published: June 2020

La amputación transtibial provoca una disminución de la información somatosensorial disponible para el sistema nervioso central, esta pérdida muscular y fisiológica que involucra la articulación del tobillo reduce la fuerza muscular de las piernas, lo que afecta la capacidad de equilibrio y la movilidad de quien la sufre, al presentarse bajo uso de las extremidades inferiores, se provoca una hipotrofia de los músculos y el déficit en su fuerza incrementa. Adicionalmente, los sujetos con amputación transtibial deben adaptarse a la falta de la articulación fisiológica del tobillo y los músculos flexores plantares, partes indispensables para una adecuada movilidad articular, fuerza muscular y capacidad de ajuste activo de la prótesis durante la postura estática de bipedestación. Así, se observa que la reducción de la fuerza muscular está asociada con la disminución del equilibrio. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el Centro de Presión (cop) para conocer el comportamiento de la estabilidad en una muestra que consistía de sujetos amputados. Se estudió el análisis armónico de señales de la estabilidad en personas amputadas transtibialmente y usuarios de prótesis, esto con el fin de conocer el comportamiento del centro de presión en dicho conjunto de gente. Dos grupos, cada uno de nueve individuos, fueron analizados: un grupo control de no amputados y un grupo de amputados. Se empleó el periodograma vía método de Welch para hallar las componentes frecuenciales propias del centro de presión bajo cada pie con el fin de caracterizarlas y permitir su detección, y así poder entender las diferencias existentes entre los grupos estudiados. En el presente trabajo se muestra el análisis armónico de la señal no estacionaria, y se argumenta que esta es una ayuda considerable en el análisis de la estabilidad. Los resultados indican que la amputación incide en la Densidad Espectral de Potencia (dep), ya que existe diferencia entre las frecuencias del lado amputado y el no amputado (mayor oscilación en el lado amputado, eje antero-posterior); igual situación se presenta entre los dos grupos evaluados (mayor potencia en los amputados en todas las condiciones de la prueba).
Potencial agroindustrial del epicarpio de mandarina como alternativa de colorante natural en pan
Authors: Ordoñez-Santos Luis E. , Esparza-Estrada Jessica , Vanegas-Mahecha Pedro
Published: June 2020

En este estudio se evaluó el potencial agroindustrial de la harina de epicarpio de mandarina Oneco (Citrus reticulata) como posible colorante natural en el pan. En la metodología se analizaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas como el pH, aw, los parámetros de color: luminosidad (L*), cromaticidad (C*) y ángulo de tono (h°), porcentaje de acidez, porcentaje de materia seca, cuantificación de carotenoides por espectrofotometría, compuestos fenólicos, capacidad antioxidante en harina y parámetros de color (L*, C* y h°) en el pan. Se encontró que, después del tratamiento de secado convectivo, se retuvieron concentraciones significativamente más altas de compuestos bioactivos como los fenólicos, se evidenció también un aumento en la capacidad antioxidante y el contenido de carotenoides, además de cambios significativos en los parámetros de color (L* y C*). En la sustitución de la harina de epicarpio de mandarina en las formulaciones del pan, se notó un aumento significativo en la concentración del contenido de carotenoides, siendo el pico de esta en la sustitución del 4 %; En los parámetros de color, se hallaron diferencias significativas en los parámetros L* y C*, presentando el mayor valor de L* en la sustitución del 2 % y de C* en la sustitución del 4 %, mientras que el parámetro h° no presentó diferencias significativas en ninguna de las formulaciones. Finalmente, se concluye que la harina de epicarpio de mandarina puede ser una alternativa importante, como aditivo de colorante natural en la elaboración del pan.
Estudio técnico-económico de dos tecnologías de producción de biodiesel a partir de aceite de soya empleando el simulador superpro designer
Authors: Campos-Ramírez Leonardo , Pérez-Sánchez Amaury , Benítez-Legrá Aylín , Benítez Isnel
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se efectuó un estudio técnico-económico preliminar de dos propuestas tecnológicas de producción de biodiesel empleando aceite de soya como materia prima principal y bajo las condiciones económicas actuales de Brasil. Para eso se utiliza el simulador SuperPro Designer® v.8.5. En la primera tecnología propuesta (Caso Base) se obtiene biodiesel refinado y glicerol crudo, mientras que en la segunda (Variante) también se produce biodiesel refinado, y el glicerol crudo es purificado hasta una pureza final de 99,75 %. Se efectuó un estudio de sensibilidad consistente en 12 corridas mediante el cual se evaluó la influencia de cinco variables de entrada sobre tres indicadores económicos: Valor Actual Neto (van), Tasa Interna de Retorno (tir) y Periodo de Recuperación de la Inversión (pri). Se deben invertir usd $ 18,5 millones y usd $ 21,4 millones para construir el Caso Base y la Variante, respectivamente. Los resultados del van, tir y pri para el Caso Base fueron de usd $ 17 444 000, 33,83 % y 2,54 años respectivamente, mientras que los valores obtenidos de estos 3 indicadores para la Variante fueron de usd $ 22 577 000, 38,05 % y 2,26 años respectivamente, cosa que indica que la Variante constituye la propuesta tecnológica más rentable. La introducción de operaciones de purificación de glicerol incrementa los indicadores económicos y de rentabilidad de la planta de producción de biodiesel. El estudio de sensibilidad permitió obtener ecuaciones que establecen la correlación estadística existente entre cinco variables de entrada y tres de salida. Se empleó el software Statgraphics Centurion® versión XVI para el procesamiento estadístico de los resultados obtenidos.
A Case Study of Effective Tax Rates Using Data Analytics
Authors: Cheng Christine , Sapkota Pradeep , Yurko Amy J. N.
Published: June 2020

Tomorrow's accounting professionals need to understand both accounting and data analytics. To meet these needs, we developed a case that combines an important area of tax accounting, Effective Tax Rates (ETRs), with multiple data analysis skills. The case can be completed in Excel, or with Tableau and/or Alteryx, using Compustat or public data. The case's learning objectives for students are to: (1) expand knowledge of data analytics and ETRs; (2) use critical-thinking skills to identify economic, industry, and firm-level factors that might affect ETRs; (3) develop skills specific to data analytics and data visualization in accounting; and (4) develop effective oral and written communication skills. We evaluate the case's efficacy using data from pre- and post-learning assessment surveys and open-ended responses, which indicate that the comprehensive case meets these learning objectives.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Incomplete Contracts and Employee Opportunism: How Machiavellianism Moderates the Effects of Impacting an Uncompensated Objective
Authors: Brown Timothy J. , Majors Tracie M. , Vance Thomas W.
Published: June 2020

Employees could respond to impacting a valued, but uncompensated, organizational objective by behaving more or less opportunistically, depending on whether stewardship or justice theory is at play. Stewardship theory implies employees will be less opportunistic due to feeling more psychological ownership over the firm, whereas justice theory implies more opportunism due to feeling unfairly treated. In an experiment with Mechanical Turk participants, we predict and find lower Machiavellians are less opportunistic (on a subsequent budgeting task) when impacting an uncompensated objective, due to elevated psychological ownership. Also as predicted, higher Machiavellians feel less fairly treated when impacting the objective; however, they do not behave more opportunistically. Instead, they are highly opportunistic both when impacting and not impacting the objective. Collectively, our findings suggest that less complete contracts create stewardship benefits for lower Machiavellian employees that translate to less opportunistic behavior, but create a heightened sense of injustice for higher Machiavellians.
Real-World Budget Impact of the Adoption of Insulin Glargine Biosimilars in Primary Care in England (2015–2018)
Authors: Agirrezabal Ion , Sánchez-Iriso Eduardo , Mandar Kiran , Cabasés Juan M.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Lantus, the reference insulin glargine used for the treatment of diabetes, lost its patent protection in 2014, opening the market to biosimilar competitors.

OBJECTIVE

First, to analyze the adoption rates of insulin glargine biosimilars in primary care in England and estimate the savings realized and missed, since an insulin glargine biosimilar was first used, and second, to assess potential variations in adoption rates across Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data sets capturing information on all insulin glargine items prescribed by all general practitioners up to December 2018 were used. Total costs of insulin glargine and uptake rates of biosimilars were calculated. The real-world budget impact was estimated assuming the cost of reference insulin glargine for all items and comparing the total costs in this scenario with the total costs in the real world. The missed savings were estimated assuming the cost of biosimilars for all insulin glargine items. Choropleth maps were generated to assess potential variations in uptake across CCGs.

RESULTS

Insulin glargine biosimilars generated savings of £900,000 between October 2015 (time of first prescription) and December 2018. The missed savings amounted to £25.6 million in this period, indicating that only 3.42% of the potential savings were achieved. The analyses demonstrated a large level of variation in the uptake of insulin glargine biosimilars across CCGs, with market shares ranging from 0 to 53.3% (December 2018).

CONCLUSIONS

These results may encourage decision makers in England to promote the use of best-value treatments in primary care and to reevaluate variation across CCGs.
Real-world budget impact of the adoption of insulin glargine biosimilars in primary care in England (2015-2018)
Authors: Agirrezabal Ion , Sánchez-Iriso Eduardo , Mandar Kiran , Cabasés Juan M
Published: June 2020

Background: Lantus®, the reference insulin
glargine used for the treatment of diabetes, lost its patent protection in 2014
opening the market to biosimilar competitors.

Objective: First, to analyse the
adoption rates of insulin glargine biosimilars in primary care in England and
estimate the savings realised, and missed, since an insulin glargine biosimilar
was first used. Second, to assess potential variations in adoption rates across
Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs).

Methods: Datasets capturing information
on all insulin glargine items prescribed by all general practitioners (GPs) up
to December 2018 were used. Total costs of insulin glargine and uptake rates of
biosimilars were calculated. The real-world budget impact was estimated
assuming the cost of reference insulin glargine for all items and comparing the
total costs in this scenario with the total costs in the real world. The missed
savings were estimated assuming the cost of biosimilars for all insulin
glargine items. Choropleth maps were generated to assess potential variations
in uptake across CCGs.

Results: Insulin glargine biosimilars
generated savings of £900K between October 2015 (time of first prescription) and December
2018. The missed savings amounted to £25.6M in this period, indicating that only 3.42% of the
potential savings were achieved. The analyses demonstrated a large level of
variation in the uptake of insulin glargine biosimilars across CCGs, with
market shares ranging from 0% to 53.3% (December 2018).

Conclusions: These results may encourage decision-makers in England to promote the
use of best value treatments in primary care and to re-evaluate variation
across CCGs.
Comparison of the Freestyle Libre Pro Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) System and Point-of-Care Capillary Glucose Testing (POC) in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) Treated with Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen
Authors: Galindo Rodolfo J. , Migdal Alexandra L. , Davis Georgia M. , Urrutia Maria A. , Albury Bonnie , Zambrano Cesar , Vellanki Priyathama , Pasquel Francisco J. , Fayfman Maya , Peng Limin , Umpierrez Guillermo E.
Published: June 2020

Background: We compared the performance
of the FreeStyle Libre Pro continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and
point-of-care glucose testing among insulin-treated hospitalized patients with
type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Prospective study in general medicine
and surgery adult patients with T2D. Patient
were monitored with POC before meals and bedtime, and with CGM during the
hospital stay. Major endpoints included differences
between POC and CGM in mean daily blood glucose, hypoglycemia < 70 and <
54 mg/dl, and nocturnal hypoglycemia. We also calculated the mean absolute
relative difference (MARD), and ±15%/15mg/dl, ±20%/20mg/dl, ± 30%/30mg/dl, and Error Grid analysis between matched glucose pairs.

Results: Mean daily glucose was
significantly higher by POC testing (188.9±37.3 vs. 176.1±46.9 mg/dl), and
proportions of patients with glucoses < 70 mg/dl (14% vs 56%) and < 54
mg/dl (4.1% vs 36%) detected by POC BG were significantly lower compared to CGM,
all p<0.001. Nocturnal and prolonged CGM hypoglycemia < 54 mg/dl was 26%
and 12%, respectively. The overall MARD was 14.8%, ranging
between 11.4 to 16.7% for glucoses between 70 and 250 mg/dl, and lower for 51- 69 mg/dL (MARD= 28.0%). The percentage of glucoses within
the ±15%/15mg/dl, ±20%/20mg/dl, and ±30%/30mg/dl were 62%,
76%, and 91%, respectively. Error Grid analysis showed 98.0% of glucose pairs
within Zones A
and B.

Conclusions: Compared to POC testing, FreeStyle
Libre CGM showed lower mean daily glucose and higher
detection of hypoglycemic events, particularly nocturnal and prolonged
hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with T2D. CGM’s accuracy was lower
in hypoglycemic range.
SGCG rs679482 Associates with Weight Loss Success in Response to an Intensively Supervised Outpatient Program
Authors: Admin Ada , Nikpay Majid , Lau Paulina , Soubeyrand Sébastien , Whytock Katey L , Beehler Kaitlyn , Pileggi Chantal , Ghosh Sujoy , Harper Mary-Ellen , Dent Robert , McPherson Ruth
Published: June 2020

Weight loss in response to energy
restriction is highly variable and identification of genetic contributors can
provide insights into underlying biology. Leveraging 1000 Genomes imputed
genotypes we carried out GWAS analysis in 551 unrelated obese subjects of
European ancestry who participated in an intensively supervised weight loss
program with replication of promising signals in an independent sample of 1,331
obese subjects who completed the program at a later date. By SNP-based and sib-pair
analysis, we show that that weight loss is a heritable trait with estimated
heritability (h2=0.49) within
the range reported for obesity. We find rs679482, intronic to SGCG (sarcoglycan gamma), highly
expressed in skeletal muscle, to concordantly associate with weight loss in
discovery and replication samples reaching GWAS significance
in the combined meta-analysis (ß=-0.35, P=1.7×10-12). Located in a region of open chromatin, rs679482
is predicted to bind DMRT2 and allele-specific transcription factor binding
analysis indicates preferential binding of DMRT2 to rs679482-A. Concordantly, rs679482-A impairs
native repressor activity and increases basal and DMRT2 mediated enhancer
activity. These findings confirm that weight
loss is a heritable trait and provide evidence by which a novel variant in
SGCG, rs679482 leads to impaired diet response.
Newmark Yöntemine Göre Zemin Deplasmanının Tahmin Edilmesi
Authors: YİĞİT Adil
Published: June 2020

Deprem kaynaklı meydana gelmesi muhtemel zemin deplasman miktarının tahmin edilmesi hem üstyapılar hem de alt yapılar için önem arz etmektedir. Bu hareketin miktarını tahmin edebilmek için literatürde bazı yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Bu yöntemlerin en önemlilerinden biri de Newmark Kayan Blok Modeli’dir. Bu yaklaşıma dayalı olarak birçok regresyon formülü üretilmiştir. Öncelikle daha önce ortaya konan bu formüllerin bu çalışmada kullanılan dünya genelindeki deprem verilerine göre yeniden analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar irdelenmiştir. Sonrasında bu makale kapsamında yeni bir regresyon denklemi elde edilmiştir. Regresyon analizlerinin karşılaştırılması sonucunda, yeni formülün standart sapma ve R2 açısından daha uygun sonuçlara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
La salud de los guayaquileños y la gestión municipal
Authors: Cañizares Fuentes Ricardo , Barquet Abi Hanna Giaffar
Published: June 2020

La salud es más que un hecho biológico, es un producto social. Esta depende principalmente de las condiciones económicas, sociales y culturales en las que vive la población. Mantener sana a la población depende de la influencia de lo que se conoce como los determinantes sociales de la salud que están relacionados con comportamientos comunitarios, familiares y personales, pero sobre todo de las condiciones de vida de la población. Estas últimas están relacionadas con decisiones políticas y económicas de los gobiernos nacionales y locales. Guayaquil, la ciudad más poblada del Ecuador, tiene sus propios problemas de salud que necesitan ser analizados y reflexionados para encontrar soluciones consensuadas, viables y efectivas. Las principales causas de muerte de los guayaquileños en los últimos años son las cardiovasculares (infarto del corazón, accidente cerebro vascular, hipertensión), respiratorias, insuficiencia renal, y cánceres. Es decir, predominan las Enfermedades No Transmisibles que se han convertido en un importante problema de salud por sus graves impactos en la salud pública y en la economía familiar debido a los altos costos del tratamiento. Estos problemas de salud se pueden evitar o prevenir. La mejor manera de lograrlo es con acciones colectivas. Es decir, con políticas públicas nacionales y municipales, las cuales tengan como objetivo disminuir los riesgos para la salud. Se presentan como ejemplo algunos problemas de salud, sus factores de riesgo y las principales políticas públicas que han demostrado ser efectivas en varias ciudades latinoamericanas.
Kegiatan Seni sebagai Aktivitas Corporate Social Responsibility PT Kereta Api Indonesia
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani , Ginting Ferayanti
Published: June 2020

The implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility activities done by state-owned companies is to enhance the positive image of a company.  It underlies the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility activities conducted by PT KAI (Persero) in managing and developing the company's activities. Marching Band Locomotive is one of the activities managed by corporate social responsibility division, which consist of the employees of PT KAI and the society. The authors examine the Marching Band Locomotive activities from PT KAI as the research object because it is one of the marching band groups with lots of high achievement in arts however is still not too well known by public. The purpose of this research is to analyze the strategy done by PT KAI in managing Marching Band Locomotive activities. The conclusion of this research is that Marching Band Locomotive activity as a part of community relation program from PT KAI commits not only to build relationship with society, but also to give positive impact for the people who join Marching Band Locomotive from PT KAI. The implementation of Marching Band Locomotive activities by Corporate Social Responsibility division from PT KAI is also related to event promotion and it is communicated by Public Relations division through several media.
Kajian Organologi Alat Musik Saluang Pauh Buatan Zulmasdi di Kota Padang
Authors: Purnomo Try Wahyu , Aulia Sri Mustika
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses the materials, manufacturing methods and techniques used in making the Saluang Pauh instrument (Zulmasdi version). This study uses a qualitative approach that is descriptive, where the researcher can explain the process of making Saluang Pauh with the study of organology as a basis for analyzing the object. The results of the research refer to the technical theory of organology which includes measurement instruments, descriptions, depictions with scales or photographs, methods or techniques for making and analyzing the sound produced. The conclusion of this research can be seen that in making Saluang Pauh, Zulmasdi uses traditional techniques (in terms of cutting materials, making, measuring and drying instruments) combined with modern techniques (using digital media such as the tuning of the instrument tone) to produce innovative traditional instruments that in accordance with the development of the supporting community
Covid-19, desigualdad y reflexiones desde la periferia
Authors: Bianchi Marta Pilar , Sandoval Luis Ricardo
Published: June 2020

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Viral y vital. Ciudadanía, educación y comunicación
Authors: Kaplún Gabriel
Published: June 2020

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La comunicación en el aislamiento. Información, educación, entretenimiento y sexting en contexto de pandemia
Authors: Murolo Leonardo
Published: June 2020

El aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio dispuesto por el Poder Ejecutivo Nacional en marzo de 2020 implicó la reconfiguración de dinámicas cotidianas, entre ellas las prácticas de comunicación. El acatamiento a la directiva gubernamental de aislamiento fue alto. Desde allí hubo que aprender a construir una forma de transitarlo y por lo tanto es propicio advertir las características de este proceso. En el presente artículo se reflexiona  sobre  los  usos  de  la  comunicación  y  de  manera  puntual  de  las apropiaciones  tecnológicas  en  este  periodo.  Recurriremos  a  fuentes  periodísticas,  las  cuales ofician  como  testimonios  sincrónicos  de  los  acontecimientos  en  la  coyuntura  de  la  pandemia. Estudiar los medios nos acerca a comprender, en palabras de Silverstone, parte de la textura general de la experiencia que construimos en nuestras cotidianidades. Desde allí, esta sistematización funciona como impronta de época y fotografía de un momento histórico inédito en la contemporaneidad.
Vivir en bucle. Niñeces, aislamiento y afectividad
Authors: Vitaller Karina , Luquet Candela , Marques dos Santos Brenda
Published: June 2020

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Coronavirus: desde qué nosotros pensar el mañana
Authors: Guerrero Iraola Jerónimo
Published: June 2020

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Los abusos sexuales sobre los niños, aún en la Pandemia
Authors: Añazco Julieta
Published: June 2020

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Rutina
Authors: Bertola Felipe
Published: June 2020

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