bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The interaction of several fields of knowledge for the articulation of collective oral health actions: the mapping of a family health team
Authors: Silveira Fernando , Mishima Silvana Martins , Matumoto Silvia , Fortuna Cinira Magali , Bistafa Maria José , Bregagnolo Janete Cinira , Watanabe Marlívia Gonçalves Carvalho
Published: November 2014

This paper maps the experience of a family health team (FHT) in the creation of a knowledge and responsibility field to practice Oral Health (OH). Institutional analysis was used to establish the theoretical and methodological framework, supported by the concept analyzers, implication analysis, territorialization and deterritorialization. Cartography was used to monitor the procedures and the order of events and to facilitate understanding. The subjects were members of an FHT in a training context. Data production took place during the FHT meetings on administrative and family discussion matters. The case study presented here was one of the research analyzers. As results, the process of building the case study was identified, which revealed how the FHT took the family into care; the movements broadening the perspective of care, finding ways for disciplinary interactions in order to construct a collective OH approach, which emerged from the day-to-day tensions of the FHT work process. The conclusion reached is that this case study revealed the stresses involved in the process of deconstruction of dental assistance and the movement towards the interaction of several fields of knowledge and practices for the production of care from the perspective of OH attention.
A case of tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease with progressive brain and spinal cord involvement
Authors: Peng Xu Zhi , Hua Li Hong , Qiang Sun Zhi , Qiang Wu
Published: November 2014

CONTEXT: Tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease (TIDD) usually occurs in the brain and rarely occurs in the spinal cord. TIDD appears to be very similar to tumors such as gliomas on imaging, which may lead to incorrect or delayed diagnosis and treatment. CASE REPORT: Because of headache and incoherent speech, a 24-year-old Chinese male presented to our hospital with a two-week history of respiratory infections. After dexamethasone treatment, his symptoms still got worse and surgery was performed for diagnostic purposes. Histological examination revealed that the lesion was inflammatory. Further lesions appeared in the spine (T3 and T4 levels) after two months and in the right occipital lobe after three months. After intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and methylprednisolone treatment, his symptoms improved. CONCLUSION: Progressive lesions may damage the brain and spinal cord, and long-term prednisolone and IVIG therapy are beneficial in TIDD patients.
Seleção de famílias para aparência dos tubérculos e tolerância a temperaturas elevadas em batata
Authors: Ribeiro Guilherme Henrique Martins Rodrigues , Pinto César Augusto Brasil Pereira , Figueiredo Izabel Cristina Rodrigues , Moreira Carolina Mariane , Lyra Danilo Hottis
Published: November 2014

A seleção de famílias é um método que possibilita maior eficiência nos programas de melhoramento, já que as famílias inferiores são descartadas e concentram-se os recursos nas famílias mais promissoras. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência da seleção de famílias para os caracteres de aparência e de produção de tubérculos em condições de calor e temperatura amenas. Utilizaram-se neste estudo famílias geradas do cruzamento biparental entre clones tolerantes ao calor e cultivares de boa aparência dos tubérculos. Foram avaliados caracteres de aparência, produtividade e peso específico de tubérculos na geração seedling, primeira e segunda geração clonal. Para os caracteres de aparência dos tubérculos, algumas famílias se destacaram na geração seedling por apresentarem maior frequência de clones superiores. Na primeira e segunda geração clonal identificaram-se famílias tolerantes ao calor e responsivas para melhorias, nas condições de temperatura amena, em produtividade e peso específico dos tubérculos. Concluiu-se que a seleção de famílias para produtividade e peso específico dos tubérculos foi eficiente e que a seleção de famílias para o conjunto de caracteres de aparência dos tubérculos se mostrou menos eficiente.
Polypharmacy, chronic diseases and nutritional markers in community-dwelling older
Authors: Silveira Erika Aparecida , Dalastra Luana , Pagotto Valéria
Published: November 2014

Polypharmacy is a common practice among the elderly, but few studies have evaluated its association with nutritional markers. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy and its association with nutritional markers, chronic diseases, sociodemographic and health variables. This research is part of the Study Elderly/Goiânia, which evaluated 418 elderly community in a cross-sectional design. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five or more concomitant medications. The following nutritional markers were investigated: BMI, waist circumference, percentage body fat, weight gain and loss, use of diet, daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, skimmed and whole milk. Multivariate analysis was performed using hierarchical Poisson regression, with significance level set at 5%. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 28% (95%CI 23.1 - 32.5), with a significant association with feminine gender, age range 75 - 79 years, eutrophic nutritional status and obesity, use of diet, poor self-rated health and presence of two, three or more chronic diseases. The high prevalence of polypharmacy and its association with nutritional markers and chronic diseases call the attention for the need of nutritional surveillance and monitoring in the elderly.
Factors associated with work ability in the elderly: systematic review
Authors: Amorim Juleimar Soares Coelho de , Salla Silvana , Trelha Celita Salmaso
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the evidence on factors associated with the maintenance of work ability during the aging process. METHODS: SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases were consulted, in order to find out studies in Portuguese, English and Spanish published from 2000 to 2013. Descriptors which encompassed terms related to work ability, aging and elderly were used. Quantitative observational studies were included to investigate the work ability and the effect of aging. Studies aiming at analyzing the clinical course of illnesses related to aging and/or papers and publications in the form of editorials, interviews, projects, clinical notes and preliminary or conceptual data were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 924 articles were obtained, but 27 were included in the analyses. Later on, 2 intervention and 8 repeated studies were excluded. Variables that showed negative correlations with work ability were the following: age, smoking, service time and physical demands in occupational activities. Satisfaction with life, sufficient income, physical activity, volunteerism and mental workload were considered positive associations that protect the elderly from functional loss. CONCLUSION: This study was reported as a protective mechanism against depression, disability and fragility, maintaining the well-being, good cognitive function and autonomy in daily activities. Increased investments in the health care of this population are needed regarding musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory capacity. Physical activity must be encouraged by policies to foster health promotion.
Reasons behind the participation in biomedical research: a brief review
Authors: Dainesi Sonia Mansoldo , Goldbaum Moisés
Published: November 2014

INTRODUCTION: Clinical research is essential for the advancement of Medicine, especially regarding the development of new drugs. Understanding the reasons behind patients' decision of participating in these studies is critical for the recruitment and retention in the research. OBJECTIVES: To examine the decision-making of participants in biomedical research, taking into account different settings and environments where clinical research is performed. Methods: A critical review of the literature was performed through several databases using the keywords: "motivation", "decision", "reason", "biomedical research", "clinical research", "recruitment", "enrollment", "participation", "benefits", "altruism", "decline", "vulnerability" and "ethics", between August and November 2013, in English and in Portuguese. RESULTS: The review pointed out that the reasons can be different according to some characteristics such as the disease being treated, study phase, prognoses and socioeconomic and cultural environment. Access to better health care, personal benefits, financial rewards and altruism are mentioned depending on the circumstances. CONCLUSION: Finding out more about individuals' reasons for taking part in the research will allow clinical investigators to design studies of greater benefit for the community and will probably help to remove undesirable barriers imposed to participation. Improving the information to health care professionals and patients on the benefits and risks of clinical trials is certainly a good start.
Validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire for adults of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Selem Soraya Sant'Ana de Castro , Carvalho Aline Martins de , Verly-Junior Eliseu , Carlos Jackeline Venâncio , Teixeira Juliana Araujo , Marchioni Dirce Maria Lobo , Fisberg Regina Mara
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVES: To assess the validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire developed for estimating the food consumption of adults in São Paulo, Brazil, based population study. METHODS: A sample of individuals aged above 20 years, of both genders, living in São Paulo, was used for the validation study (n = 77) and reproducibility study (n = 74) of the food frequency questionnaire. To verify the validity and reproducibility of energy and 19 nutrients were applied two food frequency questionnaires (60 items) and three 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR - reference method). The validity was verified by Spearman correlation coefficient (crude and de-attenuated) and weighted Kappa, and reproducibility by intraclass correlation coefficients and weighted kappa. RESULTS: In analyzes of validity de-attenuated correlation coefficients ranged from 0.21 (carbohydrate) to 0.74 (energy), and weighted kappa exceeded 0.40 for 30% of the nutrients. Polyunsaturated fat and folate did not show significant correlation and weighted kappa. In reproducibility correlation coefficients ranged from 0.36 (polyunsaturated fat) to 0.69 (calcium), and weighted kappa exceeded 0.40 for 80% of the nutrients. CONCLUSION: The food frequency questionnaire analyzed has good validity and reproducibility for estimating the food consumption of adults in São Paulo compared to the reference method, so it is an appropriate instrument to be used in epidemiological studies on similar populations. Estimates of polyunsaturated fat and folate should be interpreted with caution.
Positive impact of child feeding training program for primary care health professionals: a cluster randomized field trial
Authors: Vitolo Márcia Regina , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Rauber Fernanda
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of a child feeding training program for primary care health professionals about breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. METHODS: Cluster-randomized field trial conducted in the city of Porto Alegre, (RS), Brazil. Twenty primary health care centers (HCC) were randomized into intervention (n = 9) and control (n = 11) groups. The health professionals (n = 200) at the intervention group centers received training about healthy feeding practices. Pregnant women were enrolled at the study. Up to six months of child's age, home visits were made to obtain variables related to breastfeeding and introduction of foods. RESULTS: 619 children were evaluated: 318 from the intervention group and 301 from the control group. Exclusive breastfeeding prevalence in the first (72.3 versus 59.4%; RR = 1.21; 95%CI 1.08 - 1.38), second (62.6 versus 48.2%; RR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.10 - 1.53), and third months of life (44.0% versus 34.6%; RR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.04 - 1.56) was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The prevalence of children who consumed meat four or five times per week was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (36.8 versus 22.6%; RR = 1.62; 95%CI 1.32 - 2.03). The prevalence of children who had consumed soft drinks (34.9 versus 52.5%; RR = 0.66; 95%CI 0.54 - 0.80), chocolate (24.5 versus 36.7% RR = 0.66 95%CI 0.53 - 0.83), petit suisse (68.9 versus 79.7; 95%CI 0.75 - 0.98) and coffee (10.4 versus 20.1%; RR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.31 - 0.85) in their six first months of life was lower in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The training of health professionals had a positive impact on infant feeding practices, contributing to the promotion of child health.
Morbidity in users of Family Health teams in the northeast of Minas Gerais based on the International Classification of Primary Care
Authors: Silva Valquiria M. , Pereira Ivelisa V. S. , Rocha Maria de Jesus L. , Caldeira Antônio P.
Published: November 2014

This study aimed to characterize the profile of morbidity among users of family health teams in the northeastern macroregion of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional population-based study, developed with the teams of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). It was conducted by data collection, using semi-structured questionnaires with specific instruments adjusted for three categories of professional teams of the FHS: physicians, nurses and community health agents (CHA). We used the International Classification of Primary Care, second edition (ICPC-2) to encode morbidity. Information was collected from 17,988 people, and 10,855 (60.3%) were females; 1,662 (9.2%) questionnaires were related to care by the physician; 2,530 (14.1%) were related to care by nurses and 13,796 (76.7%) corresponded to visits by and meetings with the CHA. The main health problems were: circulatory diseases (especially hypertension), musculoskeletal problems (especially back pain) and diseases of the digestive tract (especially intestinal parasites), which accounted for more than 40% of the medical consultations. Nonspecific complaints and visits related to women's health were the most prevalent in the care by nurses. In meetings with CHA, complaints about respiratory, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases were the most pointed. The morbidity profile observed does not differ substantially from the results of other studies. Small differences can be attributed to regional particularities.
Hospitalization due to conditions sensitive to primary care and expansion of the Family Health Program in Brazil: an ecological study
Authors: Ceccon Roger Flores , Meneghel Stela Nazareth , Viecili Paulo Ricardo Nazário
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between hospitalization due to conditions that are sensitive to primary care and the population coverage by the Family Health Strategy (ESF) Units of the Brazilian Federation Units in the last decade. METHODS: This is an ecological study that investigated preventable hospitalizations and coverage of primary health care in Brazil in the historic series from 1998 to 2006. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test and simple linear regression. RESULTS: In the studied period, we found an association between population coverage and reduced ESF admissions for primary care sensitive conditions in Brazil (β = -28.78, p ≤ 0.01), which occurred in 38.4% of the Federation Units. CONCLUSION: There was a positive relationship between the expansion of ESF coverage and a decline in hospitalizations for ACSC in the country. The findings of this study help to evaluate the ESF and primary care in Brazil.
Sociocognitive performance in autism spectrum disorders and interference of the therapeutic environment
Authors: Misquiatti Andréa Regina Nunes , Brito Maria Claudia , Olivati Ana Gabriela , Santos Thais Rosa dos , Fernandes Fernanda Dreux Miranda
Published: November 2014

Purpose:To analyze the sociocognitive performance of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in two environments of language therapy, which differ as to the physical structure.Methods:Ten children and adolescents with ages between 4 and 13 years, of both genders, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders took part in the study. For data collection, eight filming sessions were performed during individual language therapy lasting 30 minutes, being four in a room with conventional environmental organization (common room) and four in a room with specific ambiance [children's interaction core (CIC) room], interspersed during a month. For the analysis of filmed situations, the Sociocognitive Performance Protocol was used and obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis.Results:No statistical significance was found in sociocognitive performance of 10 subjects in the common and CIC rooms, although specific differences were observed in some cases.Conclusion:The creation of preestablished physical environments or specific materials is not and should not be considered essential for language therapy. It is noteworthy, however, that the absence of a large volume of statistically significant data does not indicate that the results are not expressive, reiterating the need for further research in the area.
Severity of voice disorders: integration of perceptual and acoustic data in dysphonic patients
Authors: Lopes Leonardo Wanderley , Cavalcante Débora Pontes , Costa Priscila Oliveira da
Published: November 2014

Purpose:To analyze the correlation between acoustic measures and intensity of vocal deviation, and its discriminatory power in detecting the presence of vocal change, classifying the severity of the deviation and differencing the type of predominant voice.Methods:The sample comprised 186 patients with dysphonia. The vocal deviation from the vowel/ε/was evaluated by consensus between three speech language pathologists, using a Visual Analog Scale. We extracted the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, and Glottal-to-Noise Excitation Ratio (GNE).Results:Mean F0 was negatively correlated with the degree of roughness and positively with the degree of tension. The F0 SD was positively correlated with the overall, roughness, tension, and instability grades. The jitter and shimmer were positively correlated with all perceptual parameters. Only the GNE distinguished between healthy and dysphonic voices and rated the degree of breathiness. The shimmer separated rough voices from not rough voices. The mean F0 was helpful to determine the degree of phonatory tension and to separate rough voices from breathy and strained voices.Conclusion:There is a correlation between the acoustic and auditory perceptual measures. The shimmer, the GNE, and F0 SD can be used to detect roughness, breathing, and strain, respectively. The GNE and mean F0 are useful to classify the degree of breathiness and strain, respectively. The mean F0 distinguished between rough, breathy, and strained voices, with rough voices more severe compared to the other two.
Self-perception of people who stutter regarding their experiences and results of stuttering treatments
Authors: Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de , Cunha Maria Claudia , Juste Fabiola Staróbole , Ritto Ana Paula , Almeida Beatriz Paiva Bueno de
Published: November 2014

Purpose:To investigate the opinion about stuttering treatments in people who stutter, based on their answers to two open questions.Methods:The participants were 40 adults of both genders, with self-reported stuttering. During the first phase of the research, we contacted two Brazilian nongovernmental organizations: the Brazilian Stuttering Association (ABRAGAGUEIRA) and the Brazilian Fluency Institute (IBF). These associations agreed to participate and were responsible for sending the research questions to their members via electronic mail. The first contact with the participants elucidated the purpose and method of our research and, after obtaining informed consent from participants, the two questions were sent. The research questions involved their opinion about cure, treatments to which the participants had been submitted, and their outcome.Results:After analysis, the answers obtained indicated that people who stutter believe in a cure for stuttering; that the ideal therapy would be the one that led to the disappearance of the symptoms; and the most frequently reported professional to treat the disorder is the speech-language pathologist. The results also indicated that although most of the participants had undergone speech-language treatment for stuttering, neither significant improvements were observed nor satisfaction was positive.Conclusion:The results indicate that the answers presented by the participants were not based on scientific knowledge about the disorder but on their wish that "something could happen" to make stuttering "disappear." Although in this study we did not investigate the type of treatment to which the patients were submitted, the results suggest that the factors that contribute to an effective treatment are contentious.
Effect of classroom acoustics on the speech intelligibility of students
Authors: Rabelo Alessandra Terra Vasconcelos , Santos Juliana Nunes , Oliveira Rafaella Cristina , Magalhães Max de Castro
Published: November 2014

Purpose:To analyze the acoustic parameters of classrooms and the relationship among equivalent sound pressure level (Leq), reverberation time (T30), the Speech Transmission Index (STI), and the performance of students in speech intelligibility testing.Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study, which analyzed the acoustic performance of 18 classrooms in 9 public schools in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, was conducted. The following acoustic parameters were measured: Leq, T30, and the STI. In the schools evaluated, a speech intelligibility test was performed on 273 students, 45.4% of whom were boys, with an average age of 9.4 years. The results of the speech intelligibility test were compared to the values of the acoustic parameters with the help of Student's t-test.Results:The Leq, T30, and STI tests were conducted in empty and furnished classrooms. Children showed better results in speech intelligibility tests conducted in classrooms with less noise, a lower T30, and greater STI values. The majority of classrooms did not meet the recommended regulatory standards for good acoustic performance.Conclusion:Acoustic parameters have a direct effect on the speech intelligibility of students. Noise contributes to a decrease in their understanding of information presented orally, which can lead to negative consequences in their education and their social integration as future professionals.
Influence of craniomandibular and cervical pain on the activity of masticatory muscles in individuals with Temporomandibular Disorder
Authors: Ries Lilian Gerdi Kittel , Graciosa Maylli Daiani , Medeiros Daiane Lazzeri De , Pacheco Sheila Cristina Da Silva , Fassicolo Carlos Eduardo , Graefling Bárbara Camila Flissak , Degan Viviane Veroni
Published: November 2014

Purpose:This study aimed to establish the prevalence of pain in the craniomandibular and cervical spine region in individuals with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and to analyze the effects of these disorders on the bilateral activation of anterior temporalis (AT) and masseter (MA) muscles during the masticatory cycle.Methods:The participants were 55 female volunteers aged 18–30 years. The presence of TMD and craniomandibular and cervical spine pain was evaluated by applying the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) questionnaire and using a combination of tests for the cervical region. The muscle activity of AT and MA during the masticatory cycle was assessed using the symmetry and antero-posterior coefficient indices.Results:The AT activity during the masticatory cycle is more asymmetric in individuals with TMD. The craniomandibular pain, more prevalent in these individuals, influenced these results.Conclusion:Individuals with TMD showed changes in the pattern activity of AT. The craniomandibular nociceptive inputs can influence the increase in asymmetry of the activation of this muscle.
Nasalance during use of pharyngeal and glottal place of production
Authors: Garcia Ariany Fernanda , Castro Marino Viviane Cristina de , Pegoraro-Krook Maria Inês , Guerra Thais Alves , Pereira Lauris José Roberto , Rillo Dutka Jeniffer de Cassia
Published: November 2014

Purpose:This study obtained nasalance scores during use of compensatory articulation (CA) and compared nasalance between groups with and without hypernasality and with and without CA.Methods:Speech samples were obtained from 43 individuals with and without velopharyngeal dysfunction during repetition of 20 phrases originating 860 audio recordings and their respective nasometric values. After excluding 143 recordings due to low quality, the remaining 717 samples were rated by three speech language pathologists (SLPs), independently, for presence or absence of hypernasality and CA. Nasalance scores for the 553 samples rated with 100% agreement among the SLPs were grouped according to the auditory-perceptual ratings: Group 1 (G1) - included samples without hypernasality and without CA (n=191); Group2 (G2) - included samples with hypernasality and without CA (n=288); Group 3 (G3) - included samples with hypernasality and with pharyngeal fricative (n=33); Group 4 (G4) - included samples with hypernasality and with glottal stop (n=41).Results:Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant difference nasalance scores which were significantly higher for G2, G3, and G4 (p<0.0001) when compared to G1. The use of pharyngeal fricative (G3), particularly during /f/ (p=0.0018) and /s/ (p=0.0017) productions resulted in nasalance scores significantly higher than scores found for G2.Conclusion:Significantly higher nasalance values where identified during use of pharyngeal fricative.
Estimulação visual para recém-nascidos prematuros: intervenção de enfermagem
Authors: Sousa Kelly Monte , Pagliuca Lorita Marlena Freitag
Published: November 2014

A visão permite assimilar o ambiente, auxiliando na construção do conhecimento. O recém-nascido necessita de tempo para desenvolver alguns órgãos e sentidos, dentre eles a visão. A estimulação visual precoce no prematuro pode prevenir atrasos no seu desenvolvimento psicomotor e social, permitindo avaliar a função visual. Neste estudo, um grupo experimental foi submetido pela enfermagem ao processo de estimulação e avaliação visual e outro, o controle, foi apenas avaliado. A análise dos dados considerou o tempo de exposição, os utensílios utilizados, o número de dias e a resposta à estimulação. Constatou-se que os recém-nascidos submetidos à estimulação visual mostraram-se alertas, ativos e atentos; os do grupo controle encontravam-se desinteressados e pouco ativos frente ao estímulo. Percebeu-se que o programa de estimulação permitirá detectar distúrbios visuais pela avaliação constante das respostas.
Enfermagem: uma maneira própria de ser, estar, pensar e fazer
Authors: Lacerda Maria Ribeiro
Published: November 2014

O presente ensaio busca estimular os enfermeiros e estudantes de Graduação e Pós-graduação de Enfermagem a terem cada vez mais conhecimento e orgulho dá Enfermagem. Trás uma explanação sintética da Enfermagem enquanto profissão, disciplina, ciência, arte, tecnologia e para além de ciência e arte. Considera a Enfermagem como algo que a enfermeiras criam ao cuidar de alguém através de um conhecimento profissional e de uma maneira própria de ser enfermeira.
AIDS e a escola: proposta interdisciplinar e institucional de prevenção
Authors: Carvalho Regina de Oliveira
Published: November 2014

O Projeto AIDS E A ESCOLA surge como uma proposta interdisciplinar e institucional de combate ao HIV/AIDS. Em 1992, a Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, representada pelas Faculdades de Enfermagem e Serviço Social e pelo Núcleo de Estudos de Saúde do Adolescente e as Secretarias de Estado de Saúde e de Educação, e ainda a FIO-CRUZ, pensaram uma forma de intervir preventivamente na faixa etária em que mais se expressava o contato com o vírus. O adolescente deveria ser trabalhado, mas, para alcançar um grande número, nada melhor que o professor para isso. A partir daí, o projeto foi escrito e seu desenvolvimento iniciou-se, em 1994, com a capacitação de professores de 1º e 2º Graus de seis Municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho é de relevância pela sua característica de supervisão e apoio do GEPAE (Grupo Executivo do Projeto AIDS e a Escola). Nas oficinas, são trabalhados co m os professores os temas: Perda e Morte; Sexualidade; Sexualidade em Tempo de AIDS; Informação Técnica e Metodologias Aplicadas. O Projeto é financiado pelo Banco Mundial através do Ministério de Saúde. Atualmente, estamos realizando avaliação do Projeto e já detectamos que, pela sua performance e características, se tornará um Programa.
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem: uma história de resistência
Authors: Santos Iraci dos , Lopes Maria Goretti David , Silva Maria Therezinha Nóbrega da
Published: November 2014

Parte das conquistas da ANEDB, atual ABEn, desde 1920 a REBEn se inseriu na luta dos protissionais pela difusão dos feitos da enfermagem. Deve-se a Edith Magalhães Fraenkel e Rachel Haddock Lobo a inspiração e iniciativa para criação, desde 1929, com a participação no I Congresso Quadrienal do ICN, em Montreal onde se discutiu facilidades, dificuldades e avanços dos periódicos de enfermagem. Os ANNAES de Enfermagem, editado pelo Jornal do Brasil - RJ, em 1932, foi o precursor da REBEn. Com sua existência, leitores, estudantes e profissionais ávidos por ampliar seus conhecimentos específicos, construtores da documentação histórica e do saber da profissão, responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico e pela emissão de conceitos de diferentes épocas da enfermagem brasileira, aprenderam a aproveitar seus benefícios. Com mais de 50 volumes e 200 números editados, a REBEn adquiriu "status" de referência nas áreas de saúde e das ciências humanas nacional e internacional. Já consolidada, dissemina resultados de dissertações, teses e trabalhos apresentados nos Congressos Brasileiros de Enfermagem. É o periódico mais consultado como fonte e campo de investigação científica. Propicia o crescimento de leitores, organizadores no processo de editoração e formação de conselheiros "ad hoc" através da avaliação e crítica permanentes.
Relação entre o alumínio extraível com KCl e oxalato de amônio e a mineralogia da fração argila, em solos ácidos brasileiros
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Octávio de Mello , Almeida Jaime Antonio de , Barboza Bethina Bastos
Published: November 2014

Em solos ácidos de ambiente mais tropical com esmectitas, assim como em solos altamente tamponados de ambiente subtropical, contendo esmectita com hidroxi-Al entrecamadas (EHE) e, ou, vermiculita com hidroxi-Al entrecamadas (VHE), os teores de Al-KCl podem ser excepcionalmente altos; entretanto, em alguns casos não se manifestam efeitos fitotóxicos do elemento nas culturas. O Al "trocável" é tradicionalmente quantificado no extrato da solução de KCl 1 mol L-1 (Al-KCl), mas nem sempre esse elemento provém unicamente de formas trocáveis. Este trabalho objetivou investigar relações entre o Al extraído com solução de KCl e de oxalato de amônio com a mineralogia da fração argila. A quantificação do Al nos extratos de KCl e oxalato de amônio foi feita, respectivamente, por titulação com NaOH 0,02 mol L-1 padronizado e por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Foram utilizadas amostras de dois horizontes (A e B) de 12 perfis de solo de cinco estados brasileiros (AC, PE, BA, RS e SC), com diferentes características mineralógicas, todos com teores de Al-KCl superior a 4 cmol c kg-1 no horizonte B. Dois perfis de SC (Rancho Queimado e Curitibanos), com níveis mais baixos de Al-KCl, foram incluídos para comparação. Os altos teores de Al-KCl evidenciaram-se relacionados com a mineralogia dos solos estudados. Nos solos ácidos com mais esmectitas, drenagem moderada ou imperfeita e oscilação do lençol freático houve evidências morfológicas, confirmadas pelas análises mineralógicas, de que no clima atual ocorre um processo de destruição de argilas, liberando Al que precipita como compostos amorfos. A alta concentração salina da solução de KCl dissolve parcialmente tais compostos, superestimando as formas trocáveis desse elemento, principalmente nos horizontes subsuperficiais. Nos solos ácidos do ambiente subtropical, os teores de Al-KCl também foram altos, embora com valores mais baixos do que nos com predomínio de esmectitas. Parte do Al-KCl nesses solos parece provir da dissolução de compostos orgânicos e de Al presente em entrecamadas de argilominerais 2:1. Os resultados demonstraram que o KCl 1 mol L-1 não foi adequado para estimar o Al "trocável" na maioria dos solos estudados.
Spatial estimation of foliar phosphorus in different species of the genus Coffea based on soil properties
Authors: Silva Samuel de Assis , Lima Julião Soares de Souza
Published: November 2014

Information underlying analyses of coffee fertilization systems should consider both the soil and the nutritional status of plants. This study investigated the spatial relationship between phosphorus (P) levels in coffee plant tissues and soil chemical and physical properties. The study was performed using two arabica and one canephora coffee variety. Sampling grids were established in the areas, and the points georeferenced. The assessed properties of the soil were levels of available phosphorus (P-Mehlich), remaining phosphorus (P-rem) and particle size, and of the plant tissue, phosphorus levels (foliar P). The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and probability tests. Geostatistical and trend analyses were only performed for pairs of variables with significant linear correlation. The spatial variability for foliar P content was high for the variety Catuai and medium for the other evaluated plants. Unlike P-Mehlich, the variability in P-rem of the soil indicated the nutritional status of this nutrient in the plant.
Effect of potassium fertilization on yield and nutrition of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis)
Authors: Santin Delmar , Benedetti Eliziane Luiza , Barros Nairam Félix de , Almeida Igor Carvalho de , Leal Greice Pereira , Fontes Lucas , Neves Júlio César Lima , Wendling Ivar , Reissmann Carlos Bruno
Published: November 2014

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a tree species native to the subtropical regions of South America, and is found in Brazil predominantly in the southern region. Despite the historical importance in this region, so far, studies on crop nutrition to improve yields are scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of potassium rates on K soil availability, and the yield and nutritional status of yerba mate. The experiment was conducted in São Mateus do Sul, State of Paraná, on a Humox soil, where K2O rates of 0, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 kg ha-1 were tested on 7-year-old plantations. The experiment was harvested 24 months after installation by removing approximately 95 % of the canopy that had sprouted from the previous harvest. The soil was evaluated for K availability in the layers 0-10, 0-20, 10-20, and 20-40 cm. The plant parts leaf fresh matter (LM), twigs (TW), thick branches (BR) and commercial yerba mate (COYM), i.e., LM+TW, were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between fresh matter/dry matter (FM/DM) and K concentration in LM, AG and BR were evaluated. The fertilization increased K availability in all evaluated soil layers, indicating good mobility of the nutrient even at low rates. Yerba mate responded positively to increasing K2O rates with higher yields of all harvested components. The crop proved K-demanding, with a maximum COYM yield of 28.5 t ha-1, when 72 mg dm-3 K was available in the 0-20 cm layer. Yerba mate in the plant production stage requires soil K availability at medium to high level; in clayey soil with low K availability, a rate of 300 kg ha-1 K2O should be applied at 24 month intervals to obtain high yields. A leaf K concentration of 16.0 g ha-1 is suitable for yerba mate in the growth stage.
Soil fertility, nutrition and yield of maize and barley with gypsum application on soil surface in no-till
Authors: Michalovicz Leandro , Müller Marcelo Marques Lopes , Foloni José Salvador Simoneti , Kawakami Jackson , Nascimento Ronaldo do , Kramer Luiz Fernando Machado
Published: November 2014

Annual crop yield and nutrition have shown differentiated responses to modifications in soil chemical properties brought about by gypsum application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gypsum application rates on the chemical properties of a Latossolo Bruno (Clayey Oxisol), as well as on the nutrition and yield of a maize-barley succession under no-till. The experiment was set up in November 2009 in Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil, applying gypsum rates of 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 Mg ha-1 to the soil surface upon sowing maize, with crop succession of barley. Gypsum application decreased the levels of Al3+ and Mg2+ in the 0.0-0.1 m layer and increased soil pH in the layers from 0.2-0.6 m depth. Gypsum application has increased the levels of Ca2+ in all soil layers up to 0.6 m, and the levels of S-SO4(2-) up to 0.8 m. In both crops, the leaf concentrations of Ca and S were increased while Mg concentrations have decreased as a function of gypsum rates. There was also an effect of gypsum rates on grain yield, with a quadratic response of maize and a linear increase for barley. Yield increases were up to 11 and 12 % in relation to control for the maximum technical efficiency (MTE) rates of 3.8 and 6.0 Mg ha-1 of gypsum, respectively. Gypsum application improved soil fertility in the profile, especially in the subsurface, as well as plant nutrition, increasing the yields of maize and barley.
Alterações químicas e avaliação de P disponível na região adjacente aos grânulos de superfosfato triplo e diamônio fosfato em solos ácidos
Authors: Oliveira Jaqueline Pereira Machado de , Ernani Paulo Roberto , Gatiboni Luciano Colpo , Pegoraro Angélica
Published: November 2014

O P tem baixa mobilidade no solo resultando em altas concentrações nas regiões adjacentes aos grânulos de fertilizantes fosfatados. Isso pode interferir na disponibilidade de P e na composição química do solo nesses locais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a composição química do solo e a mobilidade de P nas adjacências de regiões fertilizadas com fosfatos de amônio ou de cálcio, em solos ácidos. Este trabalho foi realizado em 2009, com amostras de dois solos catarinenses. Os tratamentos consistiram de combinações de superfosfato triplo (SFT) ou de fosfato diamônico (DAP) com KCl, além de um controle somente com KCl. As unidades experimentais foram constituídas por colunas de PVC com 10,0 cm de diâmetro e 12,0 cm de comprimento, preenchidas com 1,60 kg de solo (base úmida). Foram aplicadas quantidades equivalentes a 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e de K2O, considerando a área de contato superficial de solo de 10(4) m². Tentando simular a aplicação localizada de fertilizantes, essas quantidades foram estipuladas para contatarem com 357 m² de solo, tendo sido aplicadas 10,47; 9,56; e 7,33 g por coluna de SFT, DAP e KCl respectivamente, numa área de contato de 0,00785 m². Quarenta e cinco dias após a aplicação dos fertilizantes, as colunas foram desmontadas e o solo foi analisado a cada centímetro distante do local de aplicação dos grânulos. O P foi quantificado pelos métodos Mehlich-1 e da resina trocadora de ânions (RTA), numa sequencia de nove extrações cumulativas. O DAP aumentou o pH e diminuiu o Al nas adjacências dos grânulos, porém o SFT aumentou Ca e Mg. A quantidade cumulativa extraída de P variou com o tipo de adubo fosfatado, a distância dos grânulos, o tipo de solo e o método de extração. Na camada distante até 1,0 cm dos adubos, o SFT proporcionou os maiores valores de P, que chegaram a atingir 10.276 mg dm-3; nas duas camadas seguintes (1,0-2,0 e 2,0-3,0 cm), isso normalmente ocorreu com o DAP. O Mehlich-1 quantificou sempre mais P do que a RTA nas adjacências dos fertilizantes fosfatados. A movimentação do P nos dois solos ocorreu até o quarto centímetro distante do local de aplicação dos adubos, e a composição química nessas adjacências variou com o fertilizante fosfatado, o tipo de solo, o método de extração e a distância dos grânulos, mas necessita ser mais bem estudada.
Decomposição e liberação de N, P e K de esterco bovino e de cama de frango isolados ou misturados
Authors: Silva Valéria Borges da , Silva Alexandre Paiva da , Dias Bruno de Oliveira , Araujo Josinaldo Lopes , Santos Djail , Franco Renata Pinto
Published: November 2014

A utilização de resíduos orgânicos de origem animal na adubação das culturas demanda informações sobre a dinâmica de decomposição e mineralização de nutrientes neles contidos. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a decomposição e a liberação de N, P e K dos resíduos orgânicos esterco bovino e cama de frango isolados ou misturados, em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, da região de Tabuleiros Costeiros paraibanos. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, utilizando-se o método das sacolas de decomposição (litterbag), com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 3 × 2 × 6, referentes a três resíduos orgânicos: esterco bovino (EB), cama de frango (CF) e a mistura desses resíduos na proporção de 1:1, denominada de esterco misto (EM); duas camadas de incorporação (0-10 e 10-20 cm); e seis períodos de avaliação (0, 30, 90, 150, 210 e 270 dias após a aplicação - DAA) com três repetições. Os resultados revelaram que a profundidade de incorporação não influenciou a decomposição dos resíduos EB e EM, que essa foi mais rápida na CF (0,0035 g dia-1), mais lenta no EB (0,0010 g dia-1) e ocorreu numa velocidade intermediária no EM (0,0020 g dia-1). Houve liberação mais rápida de N no EM (0,0011 g dia-1), de P no EB (0,0040 g dia-1) e de K na CF (0,0025 g dia-1), com tendência de aumento na liberação de N na CF e de P em todos os resíduos com a incorporação desses na camada de 10-20 cm. Após 270 DAP, estimou-se que a liberação de nutrientes pelos resíduos EB, CF e EM, em relação ao teor inicial, foi de 5,0; 15,0; e 28,0 %, para N; 80,0; 68,0; e 47,0 %, para P; e 20,0; 53,0; e 32,0 %, para K. Em valores absolutos, esses percentuais representaram, respectivamente, 19,0; 103,5; e 149,5 kg ha-1 de N; 28,0; 18,0; e 15,0 kg ha-1 de P; e 75,0; 493,0; e 209,0 kg ha-1 de K. Os resíduos orgânicos se evidenciaram fontes inadequadas para suprir isoladamente a demanda nutricional de culturas de ciclo curto nesses solos.
Volatilização de Amônia Proveniente de Ureia Compactada com Enxofre e Bentonita, em Ambiente Controlado
Authors: Oliveira José Antônio de , Stafanato Juliano Bahiense , Goulart Rosimar de Souza , Zonta Everaldo , Lima Eduardo , Mazur Nelson , Pereira Carlos Guerra , Souza Heraldo Namorato de , Costa Fábio Gerl Martins
Published: November 2014

Nos últimos anos, novas tecnologias têm sido desenvolvidas para reduzir as perdas de N quando se utiliza ureia como fonte desse macronutriente. A utilização de fertilizantes de características ácidas pode reduzir as perdas de amônia por volatilização, quando combinados com a ureia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as perdas de amônia provenientes de fontes de N revestidas e, ou, incorporadas com ou sem enxofre e bentonita. Esses foram aplicados na superfície de um Planossolo Háplico contido em bandejas (0,1 m2 de área e 10 cm de profundidade), em dose equivalente a 200 kg ha-1 de N. Foram avaliadas as perdas de N-NH3 por volatilização durante 21 dias, com auxílio de um coletor semiaberto. A adição de diferentes fontes de enxofre e de bentonita no processo de compactação da ureia reduziu as perdas de amônia em até 29 %, quando comparadas com a ureia granulada comercial, comprovando serem alternativas promissoras para aumentar a eficiência da adubação nitrogenada.
Erosão hídrica influenciada por uma aplicação de dejeto líquido de suínos no solo cultivado em semeadura direta
Authors: Mecabô Júnior José , Bertol Ildegardis , Barbosa Fabrício Tondello , Oselame Gabriel de Souza
Published: November 2014

A suinocultura em Santa Catarina é responsável por geração de emprego no meio rural e, por isso, apresenta grande importância social e econômica. Este trabalho foi realizado entre março e setembro de 2012 para avaliar a influência de uma aplicação de dejeto líquido de suínos na erosão hídrica, em um Nitossolo Bruno aluminoférrico húmico, nos tratamentos constituídos pelas doses: 0; 50; 100; e 200 m³ ha-1 do dejeto aplicado na superfície do solo uma única vez, 30 dias após a germinação da aveia-preta. As parcelas tinham 11 × 3,5 m e declividade média de 14,4 %. Ao longo do ciclo da aveia, foram realizados quatro testes de chuva simulada, cada um com quatro chuvas com intensidade planejada de 65 mm h-1 e duração de 75 min, com simulador de chuva tipo Swanson. As perdas totais de solo e água por erosão hídrica não foram influenciadas pela dose de dejeto líquido de suínos aplicado sobre o solo cultivado com aveia, evidenciando, no entanto, influência do teor de água no solo antecedente às chuvas simuladas aplicadas. Os teores de P e K solúveis na água da enxurrada diminuíram após a aplicação de dejeto líquido de suínos no solo cultivado com aveia, por certo tempo; quando o cultivo foi submetido à chuva simulada, os teores reduziram nas chuvas do teste 1 para as do teste 3 e aumentaram nas do teste 4. Os teores de P e K solúveis na água da enxurrada diminuíram com a dose de 100 m³ ha-1 de dejeto líquido de suínos aplicado sobre o solo para a dose zero m³ ha-1, nas chuvas simuladas dos testes 1 e 2. As perdas totais de P e K solúveis na água da enxurrada não foram influenciadas pela dose de dejeto líquido de suínos aplicado sobre o solo no cultivo da aveia; no entanto, apresentaram tendência de diminuir nas chuvas do teste 1 para as do teste 3 e de aumentar naquelas do teste 4. Os teores de P e K solúvel na água da enxurrada reduziram exponencialmente com a elevação do número de teste de chuva simulada realizada em solo cultivado com aveia, cujos dados do modelo exponencial y = y0 + ae-bx ajustou-se significativamente; o modelo não se adaptou aos dados da dose zero de dejeto em relação ao K.
Ampliação da jornada escolar: configurações próprias para diferentes contextos - Brasil e Europa
Authors: Maurício Lúcia Velloso
Published: November 2014

O estudo investiga o argumento de que a escola de tempo integral é a que existe em todo mundo civilizado. Apresenta a configuração da jornada escolar em seis países europeus, apoiada em artigos de Miguel Pereyra, mostrando sua evolução entre 1992 e 2005, e atualiza informações através de banco de dados. Destacam-se peculiaridades: nos países europeus as atividades não curriculares são pagas, como também a refeição, portanto a ampliação da jornada não é acessível a todos os alunos. As atividades não são oferecidas pela equipe escolar. O artigo conclui que não temos tradição associacionista como alguns países europeus. Entretanto, a precariedade do nosso sistema de ensino e a nossa desigualdade socioeconômica favorecem a integração entre atividades curriculares e as da ampliação da jornada.