bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS CLUSTER PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK HANDPHONE UNTUK MENENTUKAN STRATEGI PROMOSI PENJUALAN di ZICOMS
Authors: Suryanita Lilia arum , Arieska Permadina kanah
Published: January 2021

Handphone adalah salah satu perkembangan alat komunikasi dan perangkat telekomunikasi elektronik yang dapat dibawa ke mana-mana serta tidak perlu disambungkan dengan jaringan telepon menggunakan kabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah–langkah analisis cluster dengan metode Complete Linkage serta mengelompokkan persepsi konsumen terhadap produk handphone dalam menentukan strategi promosi penjualan di toko Zicoms.

Langkah-langkah analisis cluster menggunakan metode Complete Linkage yaitu  diawali  dengan  mencari  dua  obyek  terdekat  dan  keduanya  membentuk cluster yang pertama. Langkah selanjutnya yaitu menghitung jarak terjauh antara cluster pertama  yang telah terbentuk dengan obyek lainnya, dengan demikian terbentuk matriks jarak  yang baru. Proses ini akan berlanjut sampai akhirnya terbentuk cluster tunggal.

Hasil dari pengelompokkan tersebut terbentuk 4 cluster dengan cluster 1 berjumlah 9 responden, cluster 2 berjumlah 21 responden, cluster 3 berjumlah 6 responden, dan cluster 4 berjumlah 4 responden. Berdasarkan hasil pengelompokkan  tersebut,  dengan  jumlah  responden  terbanyak  terletak  pada cluster 2 maka saran promosi diprioritaskan terhadap cluster 2
PEMODELAN KASUS HIV/AIDS MENGGUNAKAN COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARD
Authors: Hiola Rama , Otok Bambang widjanarko , Dukalang Hendra
Published: January 2021

Aktivitas kehidupan banyak peristiwa yang berhubung dengan waktu kelangsungan hidup, misal durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk sembuh dari penyakit. Lama waktu yang dibutuhkan hingga terjadinya suatu peristiwa tertentu itulah yang disebut waktu survival. Pada umumnya data waktu survival tidak sepenuhnya dapat diamati atau disebut dengan data tersensor. Salah satu metode statistika yang dapat digunakan dalam menganalisis data survival, adalah model cox proportional hazard. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelangsungan hidup penderita HIV/AIDS, digunakan fungsi hazard dan fungsi survival dengan variabel lama rawat inap pasien sebagai respon. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi ketahan hidup penderita HIV/AIDS digunakan model cox proportional hazard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasil Estimasi fungsi survival Kaplan Meier dan fungsi hazard kumulatif Nelson Aalen menunjukan bahwa semakin lama pasien menderita HIV/AIDS maka probabilitas survival pasien semakin kecil, namun resiko kematian disebabkan HIV/AIDS semakin tinggi. Tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status fungsional, Kadar CD4 merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh dalam resiko kematian pasien HIV/AIDS
Organic Catfish Feed From Cow Manure
Authors: Widyastuti Sri
Published: January 2021

Artificial feeding feeding is given asadditional feed to accelerate the process of fishenlargement. Self-processing of feed can beconducted by utilizing cow manure through thefermentation process and the addition of aneffective microorganism (EM4) solution. Thisresearch used 3 treatments which arefermentation for 5, 9, 11 days with each drycow manure of 2 kg with water content of 19%.The resulting feed was then tested for qualityto determine protein and fat content. The 3treatments produced levels of nutrient proteinand fat as follows: protein levels in treatment I(6.16%), II (7.57%), III (7.68%) while the fatcontent in treatment I (0.15 %), II (0.50%), III(0.60%). The results of feed from alltreatments were given to catfish. Catfishgrowth was observed for 10 days. Weight gainfrom the initial weight of 400 gr, on treatment1 to the 10th day: 500 grams, the secondtreatment to the 10th day weighing 600 grams,treatment 3 to the 10th day: 1000 grams.Resulted feed haven’t met Quality Standardsfor SNI Feed No SNI: 01-4087-2006.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal dalam Pengelolaan Kampung Lawas Maspati, Surabaya
Authors: Rahmanto Mochamad Darwin , Dwi Rohmadiani Linda
Published: January 2021

Kampung Lawas Maspati diresmikan sebagai kampung wisata sejarah oleh Pemerintah Kota Surabaya pada tanggal 24 Januari 2016 oleh Wali Kota Surabaya dan PT. Pelindo III. Potensi wisata yang tersedia berupa bangunan kuno, kebun toga dan spot selfie. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan kawasan wisata Kampung Lawas Maspati. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif  dengan teknik analisis  persentase menggunakan tingkat partisipasi Arnstein. Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara dokumentasi dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan pengelolaan pariwisata di Kawasan Wisata Kampung Lawas Maspati berdasarkan hasil kuesioner 75% sudah dilakukan oleh masyarakat dan untuk masyarakat (Citizen Control).
Impacto orçamentário na compra de equipamentos de proteção individual para enfrentamento da Covid-19
Authors: Batista da Silva Karen Aline , Moratelli Giuliani Patrí­cia Maria , De Camargo Telma Aparecida , Batista da Silva Freitas Karina Alexandra , Gregório Ana Lúcia , Ramos Toso Lis Amanda
Published: January 2021

A Covid-19 é causada pelo coronaví­rus e transmitida por contato próximo, gotí­culas e aerossóis. Para minimizar o risco de transmissão, profissionais de saúde devem fazer uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, como máscaras ou respiradores, aventais e luvas. Objetivou-se analisar a quantidade consumida destes equipamentos de proteção individual antes e durante a pandemia e também o impacto orçamentário causado para sua aquisição. Estudo retrospectivo, compreendendo os meses de janeiro/fevereiro de 2020 (antes da pandemia Covid – 19) e março/abril (durante a pandemia Covid – 19), em um hospital público. Realizado avaliação do consumo e custo de aquisição dos insumos considerados equipamento de proteção individual.Os dados foram coletados em sistema de informação próprio da instituição. Todos os itens analisados apresentaram aumento importante na quantidade utilizada e, principalmente, no valor de compra, chegando custar 525% mais caro comparado aos meses sem pandemia. O aumento dos custos estava relacionado í  escassez dos produtos tanto no mercado nacional, quanto internacional. Entender os valores pagos e estabelecer controle de dispensação dos equipamentos, favorece o planejamento orçamentário.
Influência dos fatores "sobrepeso" e "sedentarismo" no aparecimento precoce de diabetes em mulheres com SOP
Authors: Elicker Rosin Bianca , Reinert Avilla Machado Felipe , Martina da Rosa Sabrina , Paszcuk Aline Mirian , Ferreira Karstens Luciana , Pinto Luciano Henrique
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer a influência dos fatores de riscos modificáveis "sobrepeso" e "sedentarismo" no aparecimento precoce de diabetes melitus tipo 2 (DM 2) em mulheres com Sí­ndrome do Ovário Policí­stico (SOP). Método: revisão da literatura com busca dos uni termos no esquema boolanao: (sí­ndrome dos ovários policí­sticos AND diabetes mellitus tipo 2) OR (estilo de vida, obesidade e comportamento sedentário), nos sites PUBME e SciELO. Resultados: Foram encontrados 3611 artigos no PUBMED e 1713 no SciELO; no qual – após triagem pelos pesquisadores – encontrou-se 16 artigos que atendiam os critérios estabelecidos. Etnia trata-se de um fator que predispõe a risco, bem como tempo gasto com televisão e celulares, que elevam risco de obesidade em até 23% e de DM 2 em mulheres com SOP em até 14%. Conclusão: Necessidade de ações para as mulheres com SOP para evitar DM2 precoce, incluindo ações em planos municipais de saúde, com ênfase na atenção primária.
The Relationship between Economic Growth and Misery Index: Evidence from Transition Countries
Authors: Çağlayan Akay Ebru , Oskonbaeva Zamira
Published: January 2021

Unemployment and inflation, the main components of the misery index, continue to be vital macroeconomic problems, which draw researchers’ attention both in developed and developing countries. The study investigates the interaction among economic growth and misery index in the selected transition countries using Panel ARDL. In the study, annual data for the period of 1996-2017 of selected 16 transition countries are used. The findings of the study show that there is a long-run relationship between the misery index and economic growth. In other words, it can be concluded that economic misery deteriorates economic growth. If the economy is to be sustainably improved, the misery index should be taken into account. The government needs a policy of decreasing inflation and unemployment, which is one of the fundamental macroeconomic policy priorities. This study may provide policy-makers with new insights to evaluate the role of economic misery in enhancing economic growth in transition countries.
Footprint of Inexhaustible Energy Usage and Financial Development on Carbon Outrush of Eurasian Countries
Authors: Ekwueme Daberechi Chikezie
Published: January 2021

Climate change has a menacing influence on the life and health of human beings; and environmental hallmarks for the future cohort. Carbon outrush has been attributed as the fundamental cause of global warming and change in the climate. In the retardation of carbon effusion, reciprocation between financial development and the utilization of clean energy have been revealed by empirical literature to perform a vital function. Thus, this study analyzed the footprint of inexhaustible (clean) energy usage and financial development on CO2 outrush of 10 Eurasian countries utilizing the PMG-ARDL (Pooled Mean Autoregressive distributive lag model) from 1990 to 2017. Yearly Panel data was collected from the 2019 version of the World Development Indicator of the World Bank. The output of the analysis revealed that clean energy has a negative substantial footprint on the CO2 outrush while financial development has a positive substantial footprint on carbon outrush in the Eurasian countries under study. This output implies that the hallmark of the Eurasian countries’ environment has greatly improved by utilizing clean energy and this has enhanced economic buoyancy. Therefore, we recommended that governments and policymakers in Eurasian countries in addition to enhancing the utilization of clean etymology of energy by firms and individual households should expedite the establishment of financial policies and funding that are eco-friendly.
Investigation of Turkey and Azerbaijan Economy Macroeconomic Variables
Authors: Öngel Volkan , Tatlı Hasan Sadık , Bozkurt Gözde
Published: January 2021

The study aims to determine the presence or absence of causality relationship between economic growth, employment, inflation, exchange rate, import, export in Turkey, and Azerbaijan. In the study, the two countries' annual frequency data from 1992-2018 were analyzed with the Granger causality test. According to the study, the employment rate of GDP growth appears to be the one-way Granger cause for Turkey. Also, it has been determined that the import and exchange rate is caused to the employment rate. It was observed that GDP growth and export were active on inflation and were Granger cause to inflation. It is determined that GDP growth in Azerbaijan is Granger cause to exchange rate and employment. It is also observed that the exchange rate affects inflation. According to the findings, GDP growth has an impact on the employment rate in both countries. While GDP growth is found to be active over inflation in Turkey, it is seen to be valid on the exchange rate in Azerbaijan. Research differs from similar studies in the literature in terms of variables used and countries. The findings of the research have some limitations. The data frequency used in the research starts in 1992, depending on Azerbaijan gaining its independence in 1991. The data used in the research are on an annual basis. Also, local/regional and global crisis effects have been ignored for both countries.
Diagnostics of Hotel Business: Features and Specifics
Authors: Gahramanov Ilkin
Published: January 2021

In all countries of the world, the market of tourism services and hotel business is expanding every year, including in the Republic of Azerbaijan. This was facilitated by a number of serious measures adopted by the leadership of the country, among which are: the law on tourism (1999); UN programmatic development to increase the competitiveness of the tourism sector (2009); development of industrial tourism in accordance with the strategic plan of the Road Map (2016), etc.
Currently, the tourism services market acts as one of the important connecting links along the entire chain of market processes, including almost all sectors of the economy. In addition, thanks to the expansion of the tourism market, many social problems are being addressed.
In recent years, new areas of tourism services and the hotel industry have appeared, among which investment-innovative can be distinguished; financial credit and many others.
All this contributed to the fact that the tourism market and hotel business of the country began to solve not only domestic, but a number of international problems.
Kualitas Air Daerah Aliran Sungai Dendeng dan Pemanfaatan Data Bagi Manajemen Lingkungan
Authors: Solo Vebronia M D
Published: January 2021

Pemantauan kualitas air daerah aliran sungai DAS Dendeng berperan penting dalam mendukung upaya-upaya pengelolaan kualitas air dan pengendalian pencemaran air di Kota Kupang. Hal ini perlu ditunjang dengan suatu skema kerja pemantauan yang optimal. Karena itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelaksanaan pemantauan kualitas air DAS Dendeng dengan (1) menilai kualitas air DAS Dendeng  serta variasi-variasi spasial dan temporalnya; (2) mengidentifikasi kendala-kendala teknis dan manajemen dalam pelaksanaan pemantauan kualitas air serta implikasinya bagi perumusan manajemen dan kebijakan lingkungan. Untuk itu, data hasil pemantauan kualitas air DAS Dendeng tahun 2018-2019 dianalisa secara statistik dengan anova dua arah dan analisa klaster. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisa SWOT (Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) melalui wawancara dan penilaian dokumen kegiatan pemantauan kualitas air di Kota Kupang. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi pH, TDS, TSS, dan COD terpantau masih memenuhi rentang baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan, sedangkan kadar DO, E. coli, dan Total Coliform terpantau tidak memenuhi baku mutu di beberapa lokasi dan waktu pemantauan. Kualitas air di daerah hulu dan hilir sungai berbeda signifikan. Kualitas air cenderung lebih buruk pada pemantauan bulan September dan November. Hanya saja, data kualitas air yang ada belum cukup komprehensif untuk memenuhi sejumlah kebutuhan manajemen dan kebijakan lingkungan di Kota Kupang. Hal tersebut terjadi karena kurangnya koordinasi antar bidang teknis, terbatasnya sumber daya manusia dan dukungan dana, serta komitmen dalam pemanfaatan data kualitas lingkungan. Karena itu, Pemerintah Kota Kupang perlu melakukan optimalisasi terhadap kegiatan pemantauan kualitas air.
Trastorno del Espectro Autista en Féminas
Authors: Cedano Yassira M. , Nicole Rivera-Caquías Nicole , Alvarez-Alvarez Marcela , Vega Carrero Mairim
Published: January 2021

Estudios epidemiológicos indican que el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es diagnosticado con mayor frecuencia en varones que en féminas. Investigadores han propuesto que es posible que esto se deba a: subestimación y fallos en la detección del autismo en las féminas, camuflaje de síntomas en las féminas, métodos de evaluación utilizados y/o a sesgos por parte de los profesionales al diagnosticar, entre otros. Este trabajo se propone analizar aspectos relacionados a la presentación del autismo en féminas, explorar condiciones comórbidas en esta población, y examinar los retos asociados a los procedimientos diagnósticos.
Meningioma Infiltrative Accompanied by Organic Delusional Disorders
Authors: Asmedi Ahmad
Published: January 2021

A B S T R A C TIntroduction. Meningiomas are primary extra-axial tumours of the central nervoussystem (CNS) with an incidence of 2 in 100,000 in adults. There is an estimate of a3: 1 female predominance of these tumours mainly due to the action of estrogen.Meningiomas are commonly associated with headaches, imbalances, visualdisturbances, and other neurological problems which can be very debilitating. Thiscase report will describe a case of a brain tumour accompanied by psychiatricdisorders. Case presentation. Mrs W, a 37 years old woman, a housewife, Javanese,Moslem, married, lower socioeconomic background, came with her family to theNeurology polyclinic because she experienced changes in behaviour since sevenmonths ago in the form of much silence, daydreaming, cannot communicate,sometimes talking to herself, eating drinking and bathing must be helped and served.Four months before being admitted to the hospital, because the patient's headachesworsened and the patient became increasingly withdrawn, accompanied by weaknessin both legs. From the results of CT-scan with contrast, the results showed that themeningioma infiltrates and perifocal oedema, which caused subfalcine herniation asfar as 2.73 cm to the right. Conclusion. Infiltrative meningioma is often accompaniedby mental disorders in the form of personality changes, depressive-like symptomsand neurological symptoms. Clinicians should be able to detect a brain mass so thatmanagement can be undertaken immediately.
The Heavy Metal Status of Some Agricultural Soils
Authors: Manea Alexandrina , Vrinceanu Nicoleta , Eftene Carmen-Alina , Raducu Daniela
Published: January 2021

In order to evaluate the loadings of some agricultural soils with heavy metals, field studies were made across the Iasi County. The heavy metals concentration range were as follows: 15.4 - 36 mg/kg (Cu), 49 - 115 mg/kg (Zn), 7.4 - 20.4 mg/kg (Pb), 0.13 - 0.43 mg/kg (Cd), 6.9 - 13.15 mg/kg (Co), 25 - 100 mg/kg (Ni) and 463 - 798 mg/kg (Mn), respectively. The median of the heavy metals decreased in the next order: Mn (589) ] Zn (67) ] Ni (46) ]Cu (22,1)]Pb (12.1)]Co (10.2)]Cd (0.32). The studied heavy metal median was higher than the same metal median from European soils. According to the Romanian legislation, the normal values are exceeding in 13% the samples for Zn, 73% for Cu, 93% for Ni, and in one case, the value of Ni exceeded the alert threshold (75 mg/kg). A direct relationship between Cu, Pb, Zn and Co was noticed, which may indicate a common source of these metals. The Pearson`s coefficients of these elements were: Pb-Cu (0.863), Cu-Zn (0.826), Pb-Zn (0.74), Cu-Co (0.730), Pb-Co (0.703). According to the values of Pearson correlation coefficient, the significant positive correlations were identified between Cu, Zn, Pb, Co and clay content, while the same metals are highly negative correlated with CaCO3 and fine sand contents. In case of Pb, Co, and Mn no influence of agricultural activities can be detected, wich suggestes that geogenic factors control the contents of these heavy metals. The Cu content exhibited a positive correlation with total Nitrogen, while the Cd content showed a positive significant relationship only with Km content. On the other hand, the Ni content exhibited correlation with both Pm and Km concentrations. The correlations of Cu-Nt, Cd-Km, Ni-Pm, and Ni-Km could be an index of the anthropogenic input of Cd, Cu, and Ni from the use of fertilizers.
The Contamination Effects and Toxicological Characterization of o-Chlorobenzylidene Manolonitrile
Authors: Gheorghe Viorel , Gheorghe Catalina Gabriela , Bondarev Andreea , Toader Constantin Nicolae , Bombos Mihaela , Vasile Matei
Published: January 2021

Toxicological characterization and global assessment of the toxicity of some chemicals used in the specific technique of the defense and public order system (e.g. o-chlorobenzylidene manolonitrile which enters the composition of the CS gas) is especially useful for environmental protection. Based on the results obtained, the toxicological characterization (acute lethal toxicity) and the harmful potential of some toxic substances, individual or in mixture, against euythermal sweet fish are established. The tests performed aim to change the behavior of the species studied in the presence of chlorobenzylidene manolonitrile, a substance used in the technique of defense and public order system. The tests established the toxicity values of acute lethal concentration LC50 and serve to further determine the maximum allowable concentration that inhibits the development of normal fish fauna in contaminated waters. The test results allow the toxicological characterization and measurement of the acute lethal toxicity of an inhibitor, in order to make more efficient its elimination from the contaminated environment.
Combined method of nickel plating of cotton fabrics
Authors: Sataev Malik , Koshkarbaeva Shayzada , Amanbaeva Kalamkas , Abdurazova Perizat , Raiymbekov Yerkebulan , Abzhalov Ramshat
Published: January 2021

To activate the surface of cotton fabrics before chemical nickel plating, it is proposed to use physical and chemical processes occurring in thin layers of solutions of copper (II) chloride under the influence of electromagnetic solar rays of the visible spectrum. It is shown that cellulose, which is the main component of the fabric, undergoes photo-oxidation in the presence of copper (II) chloride. As a result of this interaction, well-bonded copper monochloride is formed. When further processing of the fabric with phosphine gas, copper monochloride is transformed into copper and copper phosphide. Copper phosphide is a catalyst for the chemical nickel plating process. This makes it possible to obtain an electrically conductive nickel-phosphorus coating on the surface of the fabric in conventional electrolytes of chemical nickel plating. It is also found that when screening individual sections, the processes leading to the formation of copper monochloride do not occur. This allows selective metallization of the fabric.
Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Gallus Fed in Punjab, Pakistan: A Human Health Concern
Authors: Khan Zafar Iqbal , Zill-E-huma  , Ahmad Kafeel , Nazar Sonaina , Bashir Humayun , Sohail Muhammad , Wajid Kinza , Ahmad Tasneem , Munir Mudasra , Malik Ifra Saleem , Nadeem Muhammad , Gulshan Allah Bakhsh , Mahmoud Ahmed Hossam , Mohammed Osama B.
Published: January 2021

A research project was conducted to investigate the cadmium bioaccumulation in chickens fed. In this direction, cadmium concentration was determined in maize plant parts and in seven tissues of chickens to study the potential human risk of consumption of these chickens by finding out the cadmium target hazard quotient - THQ ([1). In addition, the pollution load index for soil was also determined. The concentration of cadmium in maize and chicken body parts was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. During the spring, maximum cadmium level (01.60 � 0.47 mg / kg) was noticed in seeds of cultivar Sadaf irrigated with sewage and waste water. During autumn, the highest concentration of cadmium (0.99 � 0.04 mg / kg) was noticed in seeds of cultivar MMRI irrigated with sewage water. Results indicated that the transfer of cadmium into chickens via grains owes to the irrigated of these plants with waste water. Pollution load index - PLI values in canal and sewage water treatment were greater than 1.00, indicated that soil is polluted. The results were also debated and related with acceptable values to appraise whether this species pose any health risk to human after its consumption or not. Though the target hazard quotient values for the poultry edibles were less than 1.00, indicated that these parts even from the group of chickens reared on the sewage water treated grains were harmless for human health. But higher Cd concentration in the Gallus group reared on the seeds grown on waste water indicated the need of an ample investigation to combat the problems related to flow of toxic heavy metals in a food chain.
Preparation and Characterization of Citrus Aurantifolia Lime Oils Microcapsules by Complex Coacervation Technique
Authors: Julaeha Euis , Nurzaman Mohamad , Eddy Diana Rakhmawaty , Kurnia Dikdik , Puspita Sandra , Rosandi Yudi , Wahyudi Tatang , Anshori jamaludin Al
Published: January 2021

The Lime oil of Citrus aurantifolia was microencapsulated by coacervation technique employing gelatine and alginates as the shells, and calcium chloride as cross linker. Optimization of core/shell ratio, speed and temperature of stirring was carried out. Structure and shape of the microcapsules were characterized by particle size analyzer (PSA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. The properties of microcapsules such as, yield, particle size distribution, oil content, oil load, and encapsulation efficiency were also determined. Upon condition of ratio core/shell 0.49, speed and temperature of stirring at 600 rpm and 35 �C respectively, the microcapsules of LOs with improved performance were achieved with efficiency of 46% and oil content of 78%.
Language Attribution of an Unmarked Text Corpus
Authors: Tarasov Dmitry
Published: January 2021

Unmarked text corps will increasingly appear with the growth of information on the web. Automated analysis of Big Data in search engines, scientific and commercial applications requires detailed information about the object under study. In the case of text bodies, information on the language of the documents is extremely important. Working with the scanned texts the situation is even more complicated. In this paper, the idea of using the fractal-inspired irregularity to attribute the language of the text is being further developed. A methodology for the attribution is proposed and an experiment based on 10 European languages is conducted. The proposed approach has shown its effectiveness and promise. A selection of approximately 4000 characters (1 page of text) allows you to uniquely attribute the language of the text.
Modeling of the Human Needs: an Economic Interpretation of Maslow’s Theory of Motivation
Authors: Genkova Diana
Published: January 2021

In this article, we examine the macroeconomic parameter final consumption (FC) by assuming it is an indicator of human development; the latter, ultimately, determines the socio-economic conditions in society. The aim is to bind the aggregate final consumption to human needs. For this purpose, the methodology of the analysis grows up on two pillars: on the side of human needs we take Maslow's theory of motivation, and on the side of the economy, we take the product structure of total final consumption. By analogy, based on a theoretical analysis, we constructed a model, which describes the basic human needs classified by Maslow [1], in economic terms. We tested empirically the model, especially, the hierarchy of the five product categories of FC referred to basic human needs. Other hypotheses about relationships between this product structure of FC and the socio-economic standard are also under consideration
The Function of Volunteer Organizations in Public Crisis Management: From the Perspective of Transaction Cost
Authors: Wang Haiyan
Published: January 2021

In the fight against the COVID-19 in China, many volunteer organizations emerge, which are both efficient and flexible in some situations. To summarize the experience of these organizations in public crisis management, this paper divides the work situations faced by organizations into conventional situations and unconventional circumstances and to compare the functions of formal and informal organizations in conventional and unconventional circumstances from the perspective of transaction cost and analysis factors which influence their cooperation in public crisis management. By examining the functions of NCP in the fight against the COVID-19, this research proposes that transaction cost is a critical factor to consider in the function and structure of informal organizations. Thus, this paper suggests that in the governance of public crisis, the government should incorporate informal organizations into the social governance system and focus on their organizational advantages. It is essential to classify social organizations, innovate the management mode of social organizations, and elucidate the correlation between vertical government governance and horizontal social governance, changing the “inverted T” operation mode into the “cobweb” cooperation mode
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Arsip Surat Berbasis Desktop pada BP3TKI Jakarta
Authors: Lestari Wiji , Faiz Rafdhi
Published: January 2021

At the BP3TKI Jakarta office, there are still some problems in processing incoming and outgoing letters including frequent double numbering errors in incoming and outgoing letters, relating to storage in this case archiving is only in the form of storing hardcopy documents which results in lost letters and a lot of use of paper so spend more in terms of company operations. So it was designed a Letter Filing Management Information System in Jakarta BP3TKI. In building a Letter Filing Management Information System in BP3TKI Jakarta using Vb.Net with visual studio 2010 software as a programming language and display design. MySQL as a database. This system development uses UML (Unfied Modeling Language) tools as an analysis of the running system. The research methodology uses a waterfall, with stages of analysis, design, manufacture, coding, testing. This study produces a Letter Archive Management Information System in BP3TKI Jakarta that can facilitate the management of incoming and outgoing mail data, the process of making reports, recording letters, storing letters properly so as to facilitate the search for data. Can change a manual mail archive management into a structured system.
Pemberdayaan Pokdakan Tanah Berongga-Sido Urep Melalui Budidaya Lele Bioflok Autotrof di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Baihaqi Baihaqi , Abdul Latief  , Agus Putra AS  , Adi Bejo Suwardi
Published: January 2021

Pokdakan tanah berongga-sido urep merupakan salah satu pokdakan  yang membudidayakan ikan lele. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah mengembangkan budidaya ikan lele dengan rekayasa teknologi bioflok autotrof. Sasaran kegiatan adalah 22 orang anggota kelompok.  Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh kelompok adalah kurangnya fasilitas teknologi peralatan yang mendukung aktifitas budidaya lele, manajemen kelembagaan, pemasaran dan keuangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah participatory rural appraisal. Rincian kegiatan meliputi 1) Sosialisasi 2) Pelatihan, 3) Pendampingan serta  4) Monitoring dan Evaluasi. Bentuk kegiatan meliputi penyediaan mesin pakan, kolam bioflok autotrop, pelatihan formulasi pakan dan penguatan kelembagaan. Hasil evaluasi memperlihatkan  peningkatan pengetahuan anggota kelompok dalam budidaya ikan lele. Hasil kuisioner menunjukkan 17 orang  (77,2 %) peserta memahami dengan baik seluruh materi pelatihan, sedangkan 5 orang  ( 22,8) cukup memahami materi pelatihan. Tingkat kepuasan peserta pelatihan menunjukkan 19 orang  (87%) sangat puas dengan pelatihan dan 3 orang  ( 13% ) cukup puas dengan pelatihan ini. Pokdakan tanah berongga-sido urep  mampu meningkatkan hasil produksi melalui teknologi bioflok autotrof dari 100 kg/1000 benih  menjadi 120 kg/1000 benih, mempercepat masa panen dari 90 hari menjadi 75 hari, mampu mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pemakaian pakan pabrikan dari 100 kg/siklus panen menjadi 85  kg/siklus panen serta teknologi kolam bioflok autotrof mampu mengurangi kerusakan struktur tanah
Pemanfaat Energi Matahari Untuk Pompa Air Dan Penerangan Dalam Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Authors: Murdiya Fri , Hamzah Amir , Azhari Zakri Azriyenni , Nurhalim Nurhalim , Sutan Firdaus , Suwitno Suwitno
Published: January 2021

Community service program is a mandatory activity for higher eduacation in community empowerment and development. These activities include training programs and application of appropriate technology including the utilization of solar energy for water pumps in orphanages in Rokan Hulu regency and the street lighting program in Simpang Petai village, Kampar regency in Riau province. This activity also considers to the obstacles faced by the community with offering and implementing appropriate technology to them as beneficiaries. This activity takes place with the involvement of students in work and lecture program (KKN) that integrated with community service activities.It is shown that the community as beneficiaries have joined diligently and received assistance with this program by implementation of solar water pump and street lighting. The evaluation of this activity shows that collaboration continues between the community and the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau and the communitis feel helped and there is an improvement in the electricity infrastructure in their village. This activity was carried out in a fostered village by the Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau.
Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq
Authors: Al-Rafyai Hawraa Mohammed , Alwash Mourouge Saadi , Al-Khafaji Noor Salman
Published: January 2021

Aquatic environment contamination remains a foremost global public health hazards, and symbolizes a significant reservoir of releasing antibiotic resistant bacteria. The survival of Escherichia coli in aquatic environments serves as a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance, encompassing but not restricted to a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanism. The current study aimed to detect the presence of the PMQR-qnrA gene in quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates. Sixty-one waterborne E. coli with known phylogroups/subgroups isolated from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq, were screened for the phenotypic resistance to third-generation quinolones (levofloxacin and ofloxacin) and were further analysed for the presence of the qnrA gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifty-seven (93.4%) of 61 E. coli isolates were levofloxacin-resistant, and 55 (90.2%) were ofloxacin-resistant. Among the 57 quinolone-resistant E. coli, 40 (65.57%) isolates were found to carry the PMQR-qnrA gene. Among the 40 qnrA-positive E. coli, 22 (36.1%) isolates were in phylogroup B2, followed by 8 (13.1%) isolates in phylogroup D, 6 (9.8%) isolates in phylogroup B1, and 4 (6.6%) isolates in phylogroup A. The presence of the PMQR-qnrA gene in E. coli belonging to phylogroup B2 and D reflects the need for routine monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the Al-Hillah River.
Gigantochloa glabrata (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from Yunnan, China
Authors: Xu Zu-Chang , Liu Jing-Xia , Li De-Zhu
Published: January 2021

Gigantochloa glabrata N. H. Xia & Y. Zeng ex D. Z. Li & Z. C. Xu, sp. nov., a new species of paleotropical woody bamboo has been described and illustrated from Yunnan, China. The new species is morphologically similar to G. albociliata and G. levis, but differs from them by having erect culm sheath blades; culm sheath ligules 4–6 mm high, truncate, denticulate; and with a ring of white tomentum on the intranode and below the node. The new species was mistakenly identified as Gigantochloa albociliata in the Flora of China and was recognised with description of the vegetative characters in 2014, but it was not effectively published. Here, we designate a complete specimen with inflorescence as the type and describe it in accordance with the Code.
Branching improved Deep Q Networks for solving pursuit-evasion strategy solution of spacecraft
Authors: Liu Bingyan , Ye Xiongbing , Dong Xianzhou , Ni Lei
Published: January 2021

With the continuous development of space rendezvous technology, more and more attention has been paid to the study of spacecraft orbital pursuit-evasion differential game. Therefore, we propose a pursuit-evasion game algorithm based on branching improved Deep Q Networks to obtain a space rendezvous strategy with non-cooperative target. Firstly, we transform the optimal control of space rendezvous between spacecraft and non-cooperative target into a survivable differential game problem. Next, in order to solve this game problem, we construct Nash equilibrium strategy and test its existence and uniqueness. Then, in order to avoid the dimensional disaster of Deep Q Networks in the continuous behavior space, we construct a TSK fuzzy inference model to represent the continuous space. Finally, in order to solve the complex and timeconsuming self-learning problem of discrete action sets, we improve Deep Q Networks algorithm, and propose a branching architecture with multiple groups of parallel neural Networks and shared decision modules. The simulation results show that the algorithm achieves the combination of optimal control and game theory, and further improves the learning ability of discrete behaviors. The algorithm has the comparative advantage of continuous space behavior decision, can effectively deal with the continuous space chase game problem, and provides a new idea for the solution of spacecraft orbit pursuit-evasion strategy.
Télécollaboration et formation de formateurs en langues au tutorat en ligne – Un état de l'art
Authors: Cappellini Marco
Published: January 2021

Dans notre article, nous nous proposons de réaliser un état de l'art des publications de ces cinq dernières années (2015-2019) sur l'intersection entre la télécollaboration et la formation de formateurs au domaine de l'apprentissage des langues médiatisé par les technologies et plus spécifiquement au tutorat en ligne. L'objectif de cet état de l'art est triple. Premièrement, en les situant dans le cadre plus large des modèles de formation de formateurs pour l'intégration du numérique, il s'agira de cartographier les modèles de télécollaboration qui ont été mis en place pour la formation de futurs enseignants et tuteurs en langues étrangères. Deuxièmement, nous allons mettre en lumière les acquis des recherches les plus récentes et les mettre en relation entre eux, en distinguant trois dimensions : dimension organisationnelle, dimension sociale, dimension interactionnelle, en nous focalisant pour cette dernière sur les échanges par visioconférence. Troisièmement, à partir des différentes études et de leur mise en tension, il s'agira de dégager les questions de recherche qui restent à explorer.
New insights into the urban history of Meninx (Jerba)
Authors: Ritter Stefan , Ben Tahar Sami
Published: January 2021

The archaeological investigations at the site of ancient Meninx (Jerba) in 2017 and 2018 revealed further details of the urban layout of this important seaport. The work also provided new insights into all periods of the city’s history, from the 4th c. B.C. to the late 7th c. A.D. It also answered the question of where the harbor facilities of Meninx were situated.
Azithromycin for chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp: a placebo-controlled trial
Authors: De Oliveira I.S. , Guimaraes A.F. , Arantes Pêgas G.F. , Machado C.J. , Cassali G.D. , Tormin Borges Crosara P.F. , Barbosa Nunes F. , Gonçalves Becker H.M. , Santos Guimarãe R.E.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP eosinophilic) is characterised by the formation of benign and bilateral nasal polyps. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of azithromycin as an immunomodulator with the use of a placebo in patients presenting with CRSwNP concomitant with asthma and aspirin intolerance after 3 months of treatment and at a 1-year follow-up. METHODOLOGY: We performed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients received 500 mg azithromycin orally three times/week for 12 weeks. Improvement was evaluated by staging, the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), and nasal polyp biopsy. Data collected at pretreatment and 3 months posttreatment were compared. Quality of life was evaluated at the 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-seven and 21 patients were treated with azithromycin and a placebo, respectively. The medication was well tolerated overall. Twenty patients (74%) in the azithromycin group and three patients (14%) in the placebo group were not refer- red for surgery at the end of the 3-month treatment. Regarding subjective improvement, there was a median decrease only in the azithromycin group, and the between-group difference was significant. SNOT-22 improvement was maintained in the azithromy- cin group at the 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Azithromycin could be considered a therapeutic option for patients presenting with CRSwNP concomitant with asthma and aspirin intolerance.
Atyaephyra tuerkayi Christodoulou et al., 2012 and Palaemon turcorum (Holthuis, 1961) (Decapoda, Caridea) in the Middle Eastern Region of the Mediterranean
Authors: González-Ortegón Enrique , Innal Deniz , Cuesta Jose A.
Published: January 2021

The real distribution range of a species is mostly unknown due to the lack of sampling in certain regions in the world. This may be especially problematic for freshwater species in the Mediterranean basin since its freshwater inhabitants are taxa highly sensitive to anthropogenic disturbances. The cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene in Atyaephyra recognized seven Atyaephyra species in the Mediterranean basin in recent years. However, the lack of sampling in the Middle East does not help to clarify what Atyaephyra species are present in this region and their distributions. The most extended species in the area is A. orientalis, while A. tuerkayi has been found only in the River Nahr Al-Kabir, which is located along the borders of Lebanon with Syria. DNA barcodes of Atyaephyra specimens collected in this study confirm the first record of A. tuerkayi in Turkey. In addition, Palaemon turcorum, an endemic species to the Sakarya River Basin which flows into the Black sea was collected outside this basin, in rivers of the Mediterranean coast. The fact that the Middle East has not been well surveyed for shrimp could explain the unknown distribution of these species.
COVID-19 and Corticosteroids: Unfamiliar but Potentially Fatal Infections That Can Arise following Short-Course Steroid Treatment
Authors: Shirley Debbie-Ann , Moonah Shannon
Published: January 2021

Corticosteroid use is increasing worldwide as recent studies confer survival benefit of corticosteroids in the management of patients with severe COVID-19. Strongyloides and amebic infections are neglected diseases that can progress to catastrophic complications in patients exposed to corticosteroids, even with short treatment courses. To prevent lethal outcomes, clinicians should be aware of the threat these two parasitic infections pose to at-risk patients receiving corticosteroids, especially in the era of COVID-19.
KREDİ TEMERRÜT SWAP PRİMLERİ İLE HİSSE SENEDİ PİYASALARI ARASINDAKİ OYNAKLIK YAYILIM ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEN KANITLAR
Authors: Güngör Selim , Erer Elif
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin 05.01.2010-31.12.2019 dönemi için CDS primleri ile hisse senedi piyasaları arasındaki oynaklık yayılım etkisini ve yayılımın yönünü çok değişkenli GARCH modelleri ve varyansta nedensellik testiyle ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada ilk olarak, seriler için en uygun oynaklık modeli araştırılmış, ARMA (0,1)-FIAPARCH (1,1) modelinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, seriler arasındaki oynaklık yayılım etkisi DCC-FIAPARCH (1,1) modeli ile araştırılmış, seriler arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve negatif bir oynaklık yayılım etkisinin olduğu bulguları elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada son olarak, seriler arasındaki yayılımının yönü Hafner ve Herwartz (2006) varyansta nedensellik testi ile araştırılmış, oynaklık yayılımının karşılıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
MEJORA DE LAS PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE UN SISTEMA COMPUESTO CEMENTICIO MEDIANTE EL USO DE UN TEJIDO DE SISAL DISEÑADO
Authors: Cevallos Oscar-A. , Marcillo Cristian , Miño Andrea
Published: January 2021

En los últimos años, los materiales compuestos FRCM (fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix composites) producidos con tejidos de fibras naturales se han convertido en potenciales sustitutos de sistemas compuestos de fibras sintéticas o minerales. La eficiencia de los materiales compuestos FRCM depende, entre otras cosas, de su capacidad de adherencia y transmisión de los esfuerzos internos entre sus componentes. En esta investigación se diseñó un sistema frcm cementicio reforzado con tejidos de sisal para que alcance niveles satisfactorios de adherencia y resistencia. Para mejorar sus propiedades mecánicas y obtener un sistema adecuado para el reforzamiento de elementos de hormigón armado, fue necesario el diseño y fabricación de tejidos de sisal de características geométricas particulares, favorables a la penetrabilidad. El comportamiento mecánico del sistema FRCM diseñado en este estudio se verificó llevando a cabo pruebas de corte SLS (Single Lap Shear test) y pruebas pull-off. Los resultados se compararon con aquellos obtenidos probando materiales compuestos FRCM producidos con tejidos no diseñados de sisal.
CONTAMINACIÓN DEL AIRE A FILO DE CALLE EN QUITO, CASO ESTUDIO GUAYAQUIL Y ESPEJO
Authors: Chuquer Solá David , Ampudia Vásquez Santiago , Puertas De La Cruz Carolina , Bustamante Granda Leonardo , Reina Velasco Carlos , Ramírez Cevallos Francisco
Published: January 2021

Se estudió la contaminación del aire a filo de calle en el Centro Histórico de Quito (DMQ) en un punto de alto flujo vehicular mediante el monitoreo continuo de gases y material particulado entre el 5 y 12 de abril de 2018. Se obtuvieron los perfiles horarios de las concentraciones de contaminantes y se pudo explicar su comportamiento. Las mediciones en el estudio no sobrepasaron los límites permisibles nacionales ni internacionales de calidad del aire; sin embargo se observaron picos anómalos en el caso del dióxido de azufre. Se evaluó la correlación cruzada de las series de tiempo entre los datos reportados por estaciones regionales de la secretaria de ambiente del dmq y los datos obtenidos en este estudio, hallándose que el monóxido de carbono presenta una mayor concentración a filo de calle. Al realizar el análisis de componentes principales (acp) se determinó varios contaminantes correlacionados, lo que corroboran sus ciclos de formación y demuestran la influencia de factores meteorológicos en la contaminación de aire a filo de calle. Finalmente se determinó que las concentraciones de pm10 en aire interior son mayores a lo registrado en aire exterior en el sitio de muestreo.
Informed consent in medical malpractice suits: An analysis of Beukes v Smith
Authors: Townsend B , Thaldar D
Published: January 2021

In this case note we make two salient observations regarding the recent Supreme Court of Appeal judgment in Beukes v Smith. First, the judgment shows that when assessing alleged wrong fulness, the court is concerned with whether the health-care user did in fact provide informed consent, and not with formalities such as making notes of consultations. Secondly, the SCA assumed that the health-care user was using pain medication, and further assumed that she was not attentive during the consultation; hence her version of events was rejected. This line of assumption-based reasoning introduces a new anti-patient prejudice in our law, which is clearly unconstitutional, and should be rectified by the SCA at the earliest opportunity.
Multiletramentos em contextos multisseriais: uma abordagem sobre educação do campo no semiárido baiano
Authors: Martins Adeilda Ana Silva , Reis Edmerson dos Santos
Published: January 2021

RESUMO

O presente artigo apresenta os multiletramentos como mecanismos de exercício social da leitura e escrita, e sua viabilidade no contexto das escolas multisseriadas do campo. Entendemos que a heterogeneidade do funcionamento das classes multisseriadas favorece a interação entre os educandos e as ferramentas tecnológicas como aliadas para a concretização de uma educação enraizada - e por isso, contextualizada – nesses espaços. A aquisição da leitura, pensada como letramento e multiletramento excede a ideia tradicionalmente aceita de que nas comunidades rurais as pessoas apenas precisam “saber ler”. As interações sociais através da linguagem, no âmbito das comunicações virtuais situam-se como ferramenta de emancipação e autonomia, portanto devem ser acessíveis a todos os educandos. A pesquisa, além de bibliográfica, apresenta também elementos da observação participante realizada numa escola do campo no município de Juazeiro - Bahia.

Palavras-chave: Interações sociais. Linguagem. Contextualização. Multiletramentos. Educação do Campo.