bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycemia unawareness identified by continuous glucose monitoring system is frequent in outpatients with type 2 diabetes without receiving intensive therapeutic interventions
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Jiang Qiuhui , Wu Ting , Shen Qingbao , Wang Wengui , Wang Shoubi , Huang Yinxiang , Wang Shunhua , Huang Peiying , Lin Mingzhu , Shi Xiulin , Li Xuejun
Published: September 2022

Background: Patients with diabetes are prone to asymptomatic hypoglycemia (AH) due to diminished ability to perceive the onset of hypoglycemia. However, the actual prevalence and influencing factors of AH in outpatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not been well investigated.
Methods: A total of 351 outpatients with T2DM underwent glucose monitoring by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for consecutive 72 hours without changing their lifestyle and treatment regimens. Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood glucose level less than 3.9 mmol/L, which was further divided into Level 1 hypoglycemia (blood glucose 3.0-3.9 mmol/L) and Level 2 hypoglycemia (blood glucose <3.0 mmol/L). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the possible risk factors of AH.
Results: In all 351 subjects studied, 137 outpatients (39.0%) were captured AH events, in which Level 1 AH and Level 2 AH accounted for 61.3% and 38.7%, respectively. 85 (62.0%) of the AH patients experienced nocturnal asymptomatic hypoglycemia (NAH) and 25 (18.2%) exclusively NAH. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with younger age, lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels were associated with increased risk of AH. While after further grading of AH, male sex and Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) regime were shown to be associated with lower risk of Level 2 AH.
Conclusions:Hypoglycemia unawareness could be frequently observed at either daytime or nighttime, although NAH was more common, in outpatients with T2DM. Relative relax HbA1c, stricter SBP targets, and DPP-4i prescription should be considered for patients who are prone to AH.
A holobiont approach towards polysaccharide degradation by the highly compartmentalised gut system of the soil-feeding higher termite Labiotermes labralis
Authors: Marynowska Martyna , Sillam-Dussès David , Untereiner Boris , Klimek Dominika , Goux Xavier , Gawron Piotr , Roisin Yves , Delfosse Philippe , Calusinska Magdalena
Published: September 2022

Background: Termites are among the most successful insects on Earth and can feed on a broad range of organic matter at various stages of decomposition. The termite gut system is often referred to as a micro-reactor and is a complex structure consisting of several components. It includes the host, its gut microbiome and fungal gardens, in the case of fungi-growing higher termites. The digestive track of soil-feeding higher termites is characterised by radial and axial gradients of physicochemical parameters (e.g.pH, O2and H2partial pressure), and also differs in the density and structure of residing microbial communities. Although soil-feeding termites account for 60 % of the known termite species, their biomass degradation strategies are far less well known compared to their wood-feeding counterparts. Results: In this work, we applied an integrative multi-omics approach for the first time at the holobiont level to study the highly compartmentalised gut system of the soil-feeding higher termiteLabiotermes labralis. We relied on 16S rRNA gene community profiling, metagenomics and (meta)transcriptomics to uncover the distribution of functional roles, in particular those related to carbohydrate hydrolysis, across different gut compartments and among the members of the bacterial community and the host itself. We showed that theLabiotermesgut was dominated by members of the Firmicutes phylum, whose abundance gradually decreased towards the posterior segments of the hindgut, in favour of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Contrary to expectations, we observed thatL. labralisgut microbes expressed a high diversity of carbohydrate active enzymes involved in cellulose and hemicelluloses degradation, making the soil-feeding termite gut a unique reservoir of lignocellulolytic enzymes with considerable biotechnological potential. We also evidenced that the host cellulases have different phylogenetic origins and structures, which is possibly translated into their different specificities towards cellulose. From an ecological perspective, the capacity to feed on distinct polymorphs of cellulose retained in soil may have enabled this termite species to widely colonise the different habitats of the Amazon basin. Conclusions: Our study provides interesting insights into the distribution of the hydrolytic potential of the highly compartmentalised higher termite gut. The large number of expressed enzymes targeting the different lignocellulose components make theLabiotermesworker gut a relevant lignocellulose-valorising model to mimic by biomass conversion industries.
A New Promising Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm Inspired by Monkeypox Replication Lifecycle
Authors: Mohamed Marwa F. , Hamed Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Finding a promising solution for high-dimensional functions is a challenging task. Evolutionary algorithms that mimic the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations have been proposed for this task. The main interesting point about these algorithms is that they ensure that the next generation is at least as good as the current one. However, the accuracy of the majority of evolutionary algorithms is limited. To alleviate this issue, this paper presents a novel optimization algorithm that mimics the monkeypox replication while hijacking body cells, referred to as the monkeypox optimization (MO) algorithm. First, MO starts by trying to attack and penetrate a cell. Second, after the penetration, MO starts replicating itself at a higher rate while ensuring that the new copies are much better, ensuring its convergence towards a desirable solution. For validation, MO is compared against seven recent optimization algorithms from its category using five standard benchmark functions from the IEEE congress of evolutionary. The results are impressive. In particular, MO has a higher convergence speed than its competitors while achieving promising results concerning the best, worst and average solutions.
Psychometrics of the Physical Health Attitude Scale in Taiwanese mental health nurses: A validation study
Authors: Tzeng Wen-Chii , Feng Hsin-Pei , Lin Chia-Huei , Chang Yue-Cune , Haddad Mark
Published: September 2022

Background The Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) is a reliable and valid scale for assessing mental health nurses’ attitude towards providing physical healthcare to patients diagnosed with serious mental illness. Aims To psychometrically evaluate the Chinese adaptation of the PHASe. Methods A total of 520 mental health nurses from 11 hospitals across Taiwan participated in this study. Brislin’s translation model was utilized for the validation process. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to establish the construct validity of the scale, and Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were used to determine reliability. Results The four-factor 17-item Chinese version of the PHASe demonstrated satisfactory fit with significant factor loadings. Each factor had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70 to 0.80). Known-group validity was supported by the significant differences between groups with different attitudes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of PHASe is acceptable for evaluating nurses’ attitude towards providing physical health care both within culturally Chinese societies and in cross-cultural studies.
Time to Discontinuation of Supplemental Oxygen Therapy and Predictors Among Adult Severe COVID-19 Patients Admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: Retrospective Follow Up Study
Authors: Zelalem Mengistu , Yismaw Lieltework , Tesfa Mulugeta
Published: September 2022

Background: Understanding predictors of duration of oxygen requirement helps to identify risk groups for prolonged need of oxygen therapy and ensure timely treatment. However, not adequately studied including important predictors at admission such as baseline vital signs, laboratory biomarkers and treatments. Therefore, aim of this study was to assess time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy and its predictors among severe COVID-19 adult patients admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods: A facility based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among severe COVID-19 adult patients received supplemental oxygen therapy admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 13th March 2020 to 6th April 2022. Data were collected using structured data extraction checklist. Then coded and entered into EPI-data 3.1 cleaned and exported to StataSE 14 and recoded for analysis. Frequencies and percentage, median and interquartile range, Kaplan Meier plots and Log-rank tests were used to describe data and compare survival distribution between groups. Cox proportional hazard model assumption and model fitness were checked. Finally Stratified Cox regression model was fitted. Hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05 were used as a statistically significant association and interpretation of results.
Results: Median survival time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy was 10 days (IQR=6-15). Preexisting Comorbidities (AHR; 0.45, 95% CI:0.36-0.57), shortness of breath (AHR= 0.49, 95%CI:0.36-0.66), chest pain (AHR; 0.43, 95%CI: 0.26-0.71), nausea/vomiting (AHR= 0.51,95%CI:0.38-0.68),systolic blood pressure≥140mmHg (AHR= 0.45, 95%CI:0.33-0.61),high white blood cell count(AHR; 0.65,95%CI:0.49-0.85), neutrophil (AHR; 0.56, 95%CI:0.43-0.73), elevated alkaline phosphatase(AHR; 0.20, 95%CI:0.15-0.29), creatinine (AHR; 0.32, 95%CI:0.22-0.47) were significant predictors.
Conclusions and Recommendations: Median survival time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen was reasonably longer. Severe COVID-19 adult patients with preexisting comorbidities, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea/vomiting, high systolic blood pressure, white blood cell, neutrophil count, elevated alkaline phosphatase and creatinine should be expected to require longer duration of oxygen therapy and identified early and given more attention.
Identifiability of discrete Input-Output hidden Markov models with external signals
Authors: David Étienne , Bellot Jean , Corff Sylvain Le , Lehéricy Luc
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we consider a bivariate process (Xt, Yt) t∈Z which, conditionally on a signal (Wt) t∈Z , is a hidden Markov model whose transition and emission kernels depend on (Wt) t∈Z. The resulting process (Xt, Yt, Wt) t∈Z is referred to as an input-output hidden Markov model or hidden Markov model with external signals. We prove that this model is identifiable and that the associated maximum likelihood estimator is consistent. Introducing an Expectation Maximization-based algorithm, we train and evaluate the performance of this model in several frameworks. In addition to learning dependencies between (Xt, Yt) t∈Z and (Wt) t∈Z , our approach based on hidden Markov models with external signals also outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms on real-world fashion sequences.
Prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Restrepo Carlos , Sarmiento-Suárez María José , Alba-Saavedra Magda , Calvo-Valderrama María Gabriela , Rincón-Rodríguez Carlos Javier , González-Ballesteros Lina María , Bird Victoria , Priebe Stefan , Loggerenberg Francois van
Published: September 2022

The consequences that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the mental health of adolescents are emerging and require particular attention in settings where challenges like armed conflict, poverty and internal displacement have previously burdened their mental wellbeing. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 657 school attending adolescents in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health information was obtained though screening scales. The prevalence observed for moderate to severe depression symptoms was 30.0% (CI95%=26.5-33.7) and for moderate to severe anxiety symptoms was 18.9% (CI95%=16.0-22.1). A prevalence of probable Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of 22.3% (CI95%=18.1-27.2) was found. The CD-RISC-25 results for resilience had a median score of 54 [IQR:30]. These findings highlight the need to strengthen mental health care systems, with schools being key places in which prompt intervention might reduce the burden of mental distress in adolescents.
Investigating Silence in Online EFL Classes Among University Students in China during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Deng Yuhua , Jaganathan Paramaswari
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic forced teachers and students in some Chinese universities to adapt to online classes—a new norm in pedagogical transformation in teaching and learning in the context of big data. We made a case study of students’ silence in the online EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classes at Hunan Institute of Technology to uncover the cause of silence and shed some light on enhancing interactive communication to improve online EFL teaching and learning efficiency. The study analyzed the interactive data obtained from the teaching platform. Questionnaires were distributed to one hundred and two English major students and semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen teachers. The results showed that students’ silence was common in online EFL classes. Both the students and teachers cited four similar perceptions for the cause of silence, namely, student-related factors, teacher-related factors, online-related factors, and cultural factors. The student-related factors and online-related factors respectively were cited as key contributing factors to the silence. The study is significant in pedagogical implications as it provides some sharing on best practices for online teaching and learning for undergraduates.
Molnupiravir Use and Severe Covid-19 Outcomes During the Omicron Surge
Authors: Arbel Ronen , Sagy Yael Wolff , Battat Erez , Lavie Gil , Sergienko Ruslan , Friger Michael , Peretz Alon , Yaron Shlomit , Serby Danielle , Hammerman Ariel , Netzer Doron
Published: September 2022

Background
The oral antiviral molnupiravir is moderately effective in high-risk, unvaccinated non-hospitalized patients infected with early variants of SARS-CoV-2. Data regarding the effectiveness of molnupiravir against the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant and in vaccinated populations are limited.
Methods
We obtained data for all members of Clalit Health Services, 40 years of age and older, eligible for molnupiravir therapy during the omicron surge. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model with time-dependent covariates was used to estimate the association between molnupiravir treatment and hospitalizations and deaths due to Covid-19, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, coexisting conditions, and prior Covid-19 immunity status.
Results
A total of 19,868 participants met the eligibility criteria, of whom 1,069 (5%) received molnupiravir during the study period. In patients 65 years and above, the rate of hospitalizations related to Covid-19 in treated compared to untreated patients was 74.6 versus 127.6 per 100,000 person-days; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.55 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.88). The adjusted HR for death due to Covid-19 was 0.26 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.73). Among patients aged 40 to 64, the hospitalizations rate in treated compared to untreated patients was 125.8 versus 49.1 per 100,000 person-days; adjusted HR 1.80 (95% CI, 0.86 to 3.77). The adjusted HR for death was 12.8 (95% CI, 3.41 to 48.2).
Conclusions
In a cohort of non-hospitalized, omicron-infected high-risk patients, molnupiravir therapy was associated with a significant reduction in hospitalizations and mortality due to Covid-19 in patients 65 years and above. However, no evidence of benefit was found in younger adults.
Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Nanoparticles with Conventional Treatment Approaches for Cancer Tumors; A comparative study using MCDM Technique
Authors: Onakpojeruo Efe Precious , Uzun Berna , Ozsahin Dilber Uzun
Published: September 2022

Cancer is a disease caused by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body leading to cell damage or death (Apoptosis). This could result in the death of the host carrier. Most death cases of cancer patients have been linked to the systematic administration of therapeutic agents (chemotherapy) and other conventional methods as the preferred treatment approach for cancer therapy. This treatment mortality is associated with side effects, off-target accumulation, toxicity, and rapid renal and hepatic clearance. In recent times, scientists have researched on targeting tumor sites and enhanced retention of constant drug delivery to tumors to mitigate side effects, and toxicity-related challenges. Water-containing polymers called Hydrogels is a unique discovery by scientist and researchers for highly effective drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Drugs loaded into these hydrogels remain relatively stable owing to the network-like structure and organic tissue-like consistency of these drug delivery systems. This study is focused on comparing hydrogel-based drug delivery systems with other conventional methods of cancer therapy using the Multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method called fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE). The comparison is based on certain criteria and assigned weights of importance. The results from this study indicate that hydrogel-based therapy with a net flow of 0.1457 is the most favorable and optimum therapeutic approach for the general treatment of cancer diseases. Followed by surgery with a net flow of 0.1415, and hydron therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy came third, fourth, and fifth with net flows of 0.0489, -0.0858, and -0.1062, respectively. Chemotherapy with a net flow of -0.1441 was the least ranked alternative. This study demonstrates that the approach taken will be beneficial and supportive in providing answers for healthcare decision-makers who are dealing with uncertainty issues and that it can be enhanced with the availability of more alternatives, and criteria, and by assigning weights of importance to the specific conditions of the individual cancer patients.
Building Information Modelling Implementation Models in Thailand: Drivers, Benefits, Barriers and Lessons Learned
Authors:   Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UNITED KINGDOM, Sierra Francisco , Rodboonpha Christayos ,   Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UNITED KINGDOM
Published: September 2022

This study provides an overview of the typical building information modelling (BIM) implementation models in Thailand and a BIM implementation guide for contractors to avoid repeating common mistakes. Generally, BIM is used to produce a three-dimensional (3D) model, update technical drawings, detect clashes, quantify take-offs and create 3D visualisations. The study revealed that the main driver for contractors to use BIM is the request by Thai private developers to use BIM in more than 60% of large projects. In addition, the present study discovered that the main barriers to the implementation of BIM are the productivity of the projects, high initial investment, lack of knowledge and information available about BIM, lack of leadership from the government to promote the change, resistance to change of practice and the long adoption period. As a result, most contractors use BIM below its potential and receive only limited benefits. This study also recommends suggestions to minimise identified barriers.
Empirical electronic polarizabilities for use in refractive index measurements at 589.3 nm: Hydroxyl polarizabilities
Authors: Shannon Robert D. , Fischer Reinhard X. , Van Alsenoy Christian
Published: September 2022

Refractive indices of minerals and inorganic compounds can be calculated from their chemical compositions using the additivity rule for electronic polarizabilities and converting the sum of polariz-abilities α using the Anderson-Eggleton relationship:αAE=(nD2-1)Vm4π+(4π3-2.26)(nD2-1)

with the molar volume Vm solved for the mean refractive index nD at 589.3 nm. Whereas the polariz-ability of cations is a single parameter, the polarizability of anions is described by a two-parameter term α−=α−o10−No/Van1.20 with α– = anion polarizability, Van = anion molar volume, and the two least-squares parameters α−o (corresponding to free-ion polarizability) and No. For hydroxyls, Shannon and Fischer (2016) introduced different parameter sets for non-H-bonded hydroxyls (α−o = 1.79 Å3, No = 1.792 Å3.6) and moderately strong H-bonded hydroxyls (α−o = 1.73 Å3, No = 2.042 Å3.6). In an effort to understand the lower polarizability of the H-bonded hydroxyl ions, we have evaluated observed and calculated polarizabilities, O-H, H∙∙∙O, O∙∙∙O distances, and O-H∙∙∙O angles in 10 minerals with non-hydrogen-bonded hydroxyls (mean  distance 3.143 Å, mean  distance 2.352 Å), in seven minerals with H-bonded-hydroxyls ( = 2.739 Å,  = 1.856 Å), and in 10 minerals with very strongly H-bonded hydroxyls ( = 2.531 Å,  = 1.525 Å). On the basis of quantum chemical cluster calculations using atomic parameters of well determined crystal structures of hydroxyl containing compounds, we found that calculated intrinsic polariz-abilities of OH are correlated with the hydrogen bond lengths H∙∙∙O and O∙∙∙O between donor and acceptor of the H-bond. This is demonstrated for LiOH, brucite [Mg(OH)2], portlandite [Ca(OH)2], clinometaborite (β-HBO2), sassolite (H3BO3), archerite (KH2PO4), kalicinite (KHCO3), metaborite (γ-HBO2), and NaPO2(OH)2.

Thus, we find that these summed intrinsic polarizabilities for OH-bonds which are involved in H-bonding are significantly lower than the corresponding summed intrinsic polarizabilities for OH-bonds not involved in H-bonding. We attribute the reduction in polarizability of hydroxyl ions in clinometaborite, sassolite, archerite, kalicinite and metaborite, and the compound NaPO2(OH)2 to the presence of H-bonds and a reduction of Hirshfeld atomic charge on the O atom.
La Generación Millennials: El Nuevo Reto y Desafío de la Educación Actual
Authors: Suaza Jiménez Jorge Hernán
Published: September 2022

Debido al constante contacto con las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) surgen generaciones de individuos conocidos como millennials, nativos o generación digitales; caracterizados por una forma de pensar distinta y un manejo de altos volúmenes de información, incluso en multitarea. A partir de una revisión de literatura basada en investigación de nativos digitales, nuevas tecnologías y pedagogía, se realiza una compilación de los aspectos distintivos de esta nueva generación que justifican la importancia de reconocer sus particularidades.
Evaluating the costs and components of a territory-wide household water storage and treatment program in the US Virgin Islands
Authors: Voth-Gaeddert Lee E. , Momberg Douglas , Brathwaite Kela , Schranck Andrew , Libbey Stephen , Lemley Mandy
Published: September 2022

Among island communities, water security and access continue to be a critical issue. In the US Virgin Islands (USVI), 90% of households are capable of collecting roof-harvested rainwater, whereas less than 25% of households are connected to a municipal water system serviced by desalination plants. Rainwater collection leaves the household in charge of managing and treating their own water. Therefore, understanding current barriers to accessing water treatment technologies and the costs of a water storage and treatment program at scale are critical in developing a territory-wide program. In this study, we evaluate (1) household-level barriers to accessing water treatment technologies, (2) a cost breakdown of a UV water treatment pilot program, and (3) potential estimates of program costs at a territory-wide scale. The results suggest that for households, key barriers include knowledge of the problem or solution and capital and installation costs. From the programmatic cost evaluation, the water treatment technology and water testing services were the most expensive. However, given key adjustments, a territory-wide program is estimated to cost $30.4 M covering 50% of households. These data can be used by a coalition of stakeholders in allocating financial and managerial responsibility for a territory-wide water storage and treatment program in USVI.
Indigenizando la reconciliación: reflexiones acerca de la jurisdicción aplicable a combatientes indígenas en zonas de postconflicto. Un argumento a favor de los sistemas tradicionales de justicia
Authors: Franco Novoa Noriana Marcela
Published: September 2022

Las comunidades indígenas alrededor del mundo se enfrentan a múltiples vulnerabilidades que se exacerban en contextos de conflictos armados. Los miembros de los pueblos indígenas son golpeados por el flagelo del conflicto desde dos perspectivas. Por un lado, son víctimas de crímenes y violaciones a sus derechos humanos, mientras por el otro, la armonía comunitaria se ve afectada por individuos indígenas que por decisión o reclutamiento forzado se convierten en victimarios, afectando en muchas ocasiones a su propia comunidad. El presente artículo pretende analizar la eficacia de los sistemas jurídicos de las comunidades indígenas, para aplicar responsabilidades penales a personas indígenas que cometen crímenes que se encuentran bajo la competencia de la Corte Penal Internacional (como los crímenes de lesa humanidad y crímenes de guerra), durante conflictos armados internos. En el documento se analiza si los objetivos de aplicación efectiva de la justicia del derecho penal internacional son cumplidos al utilizarse sistemas de justicia tradicionales diferentes a las jurisdicciones nacionales e internacionales reconocidas desde las perspectivas de la justicia occidental. Para ello se analiza el marco normativo internacional que avala los sistemas consuetudinarios indígenas de justicia, se exploran diferentes nociones de justicia y  responsabilidad penal de comunidades indígenas alrededor del mundo, y se estudian diversas jurisdicciones indígenas en Latinoamérica en virtud del pluralismo jurídico, realizando un especial énfasis en el caso colombiano. Luego, se analizan los objetivos de la jurisdicción penal internacional, y finalmente, se analiza la posible articulación de sistemas jurídicos indígenas en cumplimiento de los parámetros internacionales de responsabilidad penal. El artículo concluye que la justicia tradicional impartida por las comunidades indígenas puede ser compatible con las normas internacionales de responsabilidad penal, siempre y cuando se encuentren en armonía con los principios de responsabilidad adoptados por la Corte Penal Internacional, y el cumplimiento de los parámetros de derechos humanos relativos a la aplicación efectiva de la justicia y el debido proceso.
Reflexiones desde la práctica docente: experiencias de aprendizaje para la educación en ingeniería industrial en la pospandemia
Authors: Salinas-Navarro David Ernesto , Da Silva-Ovando Agatha Clarice , Mejía-Argueta Christopher , Chong Mario
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo explora los cambios necesarios en la práctica de la educación superior en la disciplina de Ingeniería Industrial y sus programas académicos afines con una perspectiva a futuro, motivado por las limitaciones y retos impuestos por la pandemia del COVID-19. Desde el inicio, se buscó dar continuidad a la educación de los estudiantes con experiencias de aprendizaje activo, vivencial, centrado en el estudiante, y que sean relevantes para desarrollar sus competencias, a pesar de su interacción remota y las frecuentes carencias tecnológicas y de recursos educativos. En este sentido, este documento presenta iniciativas que ejemplifican este esfuerzo dentro de la #NOMBRE_RED en Latinoamérica (#RED), liderada por el #Universidad_1. Estas iniciativas refieren experiencias de aprendizaje en universidades de Bolivia, México y Perú que han buscado mantener el aprendizaje activo en el contexto de la pandemia, con un vínculo hacia los desafíos contemporáneos de las organizaciones, las comunidades y la sociedad en general en la que viven inmersos los estudiantes. Las iniciativas permitieron, como principal contribución de este trabajo, proponer un esquema conceptual para guiar el diseño y reflexión de experiencias de aprendizaje con una perspectiva post pandemia, articulando seis dimensiones de la innovación y liderazgo educativo para la educación superior: entorno, impacto y vinculación, modelos educativos y cadena de valor, estrategias educativas, formatos de enseñanza, infraestructura y recursos de aprendizaje, acreditaciones y evaluación del aprendizaje.
Pteridoflora da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), campus Palmeira das Missões, RS, Brasil
Authors: Ana Paula dos Santos Farias  , Carine Leal Klein  , Tanea Maria Bisognin Garlet  , Liliana Essi
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho apresenta o levantamento da pteridoflora ocorrente em uma área de 70 hectares da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), no campus Palmeira das Missões, região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente, utilizando-se o método de caminhamento. O material foi coletado em estágio reprodutivo, sendo identificado com auxílio de bibliografia especializada e comparado com material de herbário. Registrou-se um total de 28 espécies, distribuídas em 20 gêneros e 13 famílias. Blechnaceae é a família mais diversificada, com seis espécies, seguida de Polypodiaceae e Pteridaceae, com cinco espécies; Thelypteridaceae, com três; e Anemiaceae, Aspleniaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Salviniaceae, Equisetaceae, Gleicheniaceae, Lycopodiaceae e Selaginellaceae com apenas uma espécie cada. Os resultados indicam a fragmentação dos hábitats e a degradação ambiental como fatores que colaboram com a redução da diversidade de pteridófitas no campus, bem como com a diminuição em tamanho e número de suas populações naturais, comparando-se com a diversidade encontrada em outros estudos em áreas semelhantes.
Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em área de mata atlântica em Joinville, Santa Catarina
Authors: Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga  , Enderlei Dec
Published: September 2022

Realizou-se um levantamento da apifauna do Parque Ecológico Prefeito Rolf Colin, utilizando pratos-armadilha, iscas aromáticas e redes entomológicas, de janeiro a dezembro de 2012. Foram amostradas 557 abelhas de 49 espécies, sendo 85 nos pratos-armadilha, 71 com iscas aromáticas, 223 com redes entomológicas e 178 apenas registradas. Capturaram-se as subfamílias Apinae (68,22% de abundância), Halictinae (29,44%) e Megachilinae (2,34%), com 18, 24 e seis espécies, respectivamente. Para Euglossina, o eugenol atraiu todas as espécies coletadas, vanilina apenas duas, eucaliptol uma e as demais nenhuma (cinamato de metila, salicilato de metila e acetato de benzila). Foram coletadas 23 espécies de plantas visitadas, sendo as mais procuradas Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Inga marginata Willd. e Calathea communis Wand & S. Vieira. As abelhas interagiram com Euterpe edulis Martius, Geonoma gamiova Barb. Rodr. e Begonia campos-portoana Brade, espécies ameaçadas ou endêmicas, esta última visitada por Ariphanarthra palpalis Moure, 1951 e Augochlorodes vachali Gonçalves & Melo, 2008. Eulaema (Apeulaema) cingulata Fabricius, 1804 e Megachile (Trichurochile) cachoeirensis Schrottky, 1920 representam novos registros para Santa Catarina. Os índices de diversidade e equabilidade mostram melhor distribuição e homogeneidade das espécies nas estações quentes e similaridade maior com ambientes de floresta ombrófila densa baixa e submontana.
Diversidade de avifauna urbana em Joinville, Santa Catarina
Authors: Cleiton Valentim  , Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga
Published: September 2022

Visando complementar dados sobre a avifauna urbana de Joinville, foram realizados, de outubro de 2016 a maio de 2018, caminhamentos dentro da área do campus da Universidade da Região de Joinville, com identificação das espécies por visualização, registros fotográficos e playback. Foram levantadas 107 espécies (mais de 17% do total de espécies de Santa Catarina). As famílias Tyranidae e Thraupidae apresentaram a maior riqueza. Nove espécies encontram-se em algum nível de ameaça, 12 são consideradas endêmicas do Brasil e, destas, três são endêmicas de mata atlântica. Verificaram-se espécies migratórias das famílias Accipitridae, Hirundinidae, Motacillidae, Tyrannidae e Vireonidae. Observou-se nidificação das espécies Gallinula galeata e Tyrannus savana, além de indivíduos imaturos de Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus e Pyrocephalus rubinus. Foi registrada a ocorrência de indivíduos de Fluvicola nengeta, espécie rara em Santa Catarina, e de duas espécies exóticas: Estrilda astrild e Passer domesticus. Notou-se a ausência de Sporophila frontalis, apontada para a área em estudos anteriores. Predominaram espécies insetívoras, onívoras e frugívoras, decrescentemente. Os índices de diversidade e equabilidade mostraram valores relevantes. A curva de acumulação de espécies e os estimadores de riqueza indicam maiores valores de diversidade. Áreas de conservação próximas ao campus podem explicar a riqueza avifaunística.
Influence of the size and degree of conservation of remnants of the Atlantic rain forest on chiropteran assemblages
Authors: Daniel Paulo de Souza Pires  , Cristina Vargas Cademartori
Published: September 2022

Reduction in the size and loss of the quality of habitats are considered the greatest threats to bat species. Aiming to complement information, the objective of this study was to evaluate, from compiled data, the influence of the size of forest fragments and their degree of conservation on the richness and composition of chiropteran fauna in the Atlantic rain forest. A total of 33 publications on Chiroptera in the Atlantic rain forest was reviewed and a list of 86 species was extracted from them. The size of forest fragments exhibited positive and significant relationship with the total number of Relatively Common Species, Rare Species, Not Generalist species and with richness. Positive and significant relationship was observed between degree of conservation of the forest fragments and the total number of Rare Species, of Not Generalist species and with richness. The results here presented indicate that large and well-conserved fragments of Atlantic rain forest should be the priority when the intention is to maintain a high richness of Chiroptera and of Rare Species and Not Generalist Species.
Macrofauna do solo cultivado com palma forrageira sem e com cobertura edáfica
Authors: José Thyago Aires Souza  , Mileny dos Santos de Souza  , Guilherme Ferreira Costa Lima  , Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante  , Jacinto de Luna Batista  , Márcio Raimundo de Medeiros
Published: September 2022

A macrofauna do solo constitui um bioindicador edáfico em áreas cultivadas. A palma forrageira caracteriza-se como elemento biológico compatível a condições semiáridas. Objetivou-se analisar a macrofauna do solo em cultivo de palma forrageira sob dois tipos de manejo do solo, no semiárido do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, de dezembro/2016 a janeiro/2017. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Armadilhas do tipo Provid, por um período de quatro semanas, foram instaladas aleatoriamente, mantendo as aberturas ao nível da superfície do solo para a captura dos indivíduos entomológicos. Fizeram-se as coletas semanalmente em cinco pontos de cada área, com e sem cobertura do solo com resíduos vegetais, totalizando 10 armadilhas. Após a contagem dos indivíduos, calculou-se a riqueza pelo número de grupos identificados, além dos índices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (H) e a uniformidade de Pielou (e). Por meio do software ANAFAU, calcularam-se os índices de frequência, abundância, dominância e constância. Verificou-se que o uso de cobertura morta em solo cultivado com palma forrageira eleva a quantidade de indivíduos da macrofauna edáfica, especialmente decompositores e trituradores. Os dípteros foram os mais abundantes dentre os grupos taxonômicos, principalmente no solo sob cobertura morta.
Functional feeding groups and spatial variation of aquatic insects in a hydrographic basin of Southern Brazil
Authors: Mario Arthur Favretto  , Elton Orlandin  , Emili Bortolon dos Santos  , Osvaldo Onghero-Junior
Published: September 2022

In Brazil, river basins are geographic units used for environmental and water resources management. Few studies focus on the variation of biodiversity in these units. We present the results on the spatial variation of aquatic insects in streams of the catchment area of Peixe River, southern Brazil. The insect composition was analyzed for relative abundance of families, functional trophic group and environmental assessment indices. The insects had a heterogeneous distribution among the sample areas of the basin. The most abundant families were Hydropsychidae, Philopotamidae and Leptophlebiidae, a fact that shows a good oxygenation in the waters of these streams. The most abundant functional trophic groups were collector-collector (20%) and scraper (18.92%). The indices indicate that the bed of the streams is stable, with a high presence of fine particulate organic matter, being considered heterotrophic. However, the indices also indicated a low abundance of shredders, which may be related to unsatisfactory environmental conditions in the riparian forests. Spatial variation was found in aquatic insects and the indices indicated that the main human impacts on the streams may originate from deforestation and inadequate soil use. Data obtained also contribute to reinforce the importance of watersheds as geographic units for environmental conservation.
Pollen characterization of ornamental species of Mammillaria Haw. (Cactaceae/Cactoideae)
Authors: Denise M. D. S. Mouga  , Gabriel R. Schroeder  , Nilton P. Vieira Junior  , Enderlei Dec
Published: September 2022

The pollen morphology of thirteen species of Cactaceae was studied: M. backebergiana F.G. Buchenau, M. decipiens Scheidw, M. elongata DC, M. gracilis Pfeiff., M. hahniana Werderm., M. marksiana Krainz, M. matudae Bravo, M. nejapensis R.T. Craig & E.Y. Dawson, M. nivosa Link ex Pfeiff., M. plumosa F.A.C. Weber, M. prolifera (Mill.) Haw, M. spinosissima var. “A Peak” Lem. and M. voburnensis Scheer. All analysed pollen grains are monads, with radial symmetry, medium size (M. gracilis, M. marksiana, M. prolifera, large), tricolpates (dimorphs in M. plumosa [3-6 colpus] and M. prolifera [3-6 colpus]), with circular-subcircular amb (quadrangular in M. prolifera and M. plumosa with six colpus). The pollen grains presented differences in relation to the shape and exine thickness. The exine was microechinate and microperforated. The pollen morphological data are unpublished and will aid in studies that use pollen samples. These pollen grains indicate ornamental cacti.
Samambaias e licófitas do Parque Estadual Acaraí, São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Nilton Paulo Vieira Junior  , Gabriel da Rosa Schroeder  , Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga
Published: September 2022

Pesquisas e levantamentos florísticos específicos sobre samambaias e licófitas em restingas são escassos. O Parque Estadual Acaraí, unidade de conservação de proteção integral, maior remanescente de restinga em área contínua no estado de Santa Catarina, não tem estabelecidos a diversidade de samambaias e licófitas e seus respectivos aspectos ecológicos. Foram verificadas, pela compilação de dados da literatura e de herbários, 42 espécies, distribuídas em 30 gêneros e 18 famílias, das quais três espécies, distribuídas em três gêneros e uma família, são licófitas. Polypodiaceae foi a família mais representativa em número de espécies (13) e gêneros (6). A representatividade da família em restingas tem sido relatada na literatura. Os gêneros com maior riqueza de espécies foram Asplenium, Pecluma, Pleopeltis, Serpocaulon e Trichomanes (três cada um). Foram verificadas duas espécies exóticas subespontâneas e seis espécies endêmicas do Brasil. A forma de vida terrestre foi representada pela maioria das espécies (85,71%). São exclusivas da América do Sul 23 espécies. O conhecimento sobre a flora, a ecologia e o comportamento das espécies é importante, uma vez que se constitui em subsídio para a conservação.
Fungos antagonistas e suas combinações contra Meloidogyne spp. em solo de cultivo de tomate sem a presença de hospedeiro
Authors: Alex Barbosa Mafessoni  , Bismark Lopes Bahia  , Ivan Vilas Bôas Souza  , Roberlan Ferreira da Silva  , Tiyoko Nair Hojo Rebouças  , John Silva Porto
Published: September 2022

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito antagonista isolado e combinado de Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma harzianum e Pochonia chlamydosporia, em diferentes doses e épocas de extração, sobre Meloidogyne spp. em solo de cultivo de tomate sem a presença de hospedeiro. Conduziu-se o experimento na Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, campus Vitória da Conquista. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 8 x 3 x 3, totalizando 72 tratamentos, com três repetições. Avaliou-se o número de juvenis vivos de segundo estádio de Meloidogyne spp. no solo. Todos os tratamentos com antagonistas diferiram estatisticamente da testemunha, com redução significativa do número de juvenis de segundo estádio vivos (20 a 60%, aproximadamente). O aumento das doses reduziu linearmente o número de juvenis vivos. O maior período decorrido, desde a implantação até a extração, também reduziu linearmente o número de juvenis vivos. Nas condições estudadas, o fungo Pochonia chlamydosporia proporciona maior controle de juvenis de Meloidogyne spp. em solo de cultivo de tomate sem a presença de hospedeiro. O aumento das doses dos antagonistas e o tempo de contato/reinoculação aumentam o controle de juvenis de Meloidogyne spp. em solo de cultivo de tomate sem a presença de hospedeiro.
Avaliação ultraestrutural comparativa de biomaterial particulado de origem ovina
Authors: João César Zielak  , Patrícia Locatelli  , Sônia Pozzan  , Allan Fernando Giovanini  , Tatiana Miranda Deliberador  , Cícero de Andrade Urban  , Flares Baratto-Filho
Published: September 2022

Os biomateriais de enxerto ósseo xenogênicos têm sido alvo de grande interesse científico. A fácil aplicação clínica e o baixo custo atraem profissionais e pacientes. Como alternativa ao biomaterial bovino é possível desenvolver o ovino. Objetivo: Comparar por microscopia eletrônica de varredura a ultraestrutura de biomaterial particulado de origem ovina com ossos equino e bovino disponíveis comercialmente, além de osso humano proveniente de um banco de tecidos musculoesqueléticos. Material e métodos: Osso mandibular de ovelha, oriundo de criadouro local, submetido à moagem e a protocolo químico e físico para esterilização foi comparado com variadas partículas de biomateriais. Avaliaram-se as imagens obtidas quanto à quantidade e área de porosidades (χ2), rugosidade visual da superfície e relação Ca/P. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas entre as imagens das amostras, mesmo assim porosidades e rugosidades mais expressivas foram observadas nas partículas de osso bovino. Conclusão: Em relação à porosidade, o osso ovino experimental apresentou características mais semelhantes às do osso humano do que os ossos equino e bovino. Quanto à rugosidade visual, o osso equino foi o que mais se aproximou do humano, seguido pelo osso ovino e pelo bovino. No que diz respeito à relação Ca/P, o osso ovino evidenciou o menor valor e mais distante do osso humano; depois vieram o equino e o bovino.
Verificação de alterações estruturais do vidro quando em contato com o EDTA 17%
Authors: Beatriz Costa Bidigaray da Silva  , Luis Eduardo Duarte Irala  , Renata Grazziotin-Soares  , Alexandre Azevedo Salles
Published: September 2022

Introdução e objetivo: Este estudo in vitro verificou por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) alterações estruturais no vidro quando em contato com o ácido etilenodiaminotetracético (EDTA). Material e métodos: A metade inferior de quatro lamínulas de vidro permaneceu submersa em EDTA 17%, pH 7,3, por diferentes tempos (7 dias, 24 horas, 6 horas e 30 minutos). Como controle, examinou-se uma amostra que ficou parcialmente imersa em água destilada por 24 horas. As amostras foram analisadas em MEV e fotografadas com magnitudes de 19, 50, 100, 200, 400, 1.000, 2.000 e 3.000 vezes. Resultados: Constatou-se que nas quatro lamínulas que estiveram em contato com o EDTA houve formação de bolhas e rachaduras no vidro, independentemente do tempo testado. A amostra controle apresentou poucos defeitos no vidro e diferenciou-se das que ficaram em contato com a substância. Conclusão: O EDTA provocou alterações na estrutura do vidro.
Anquiloglossia: relato de caso
Authors: Norma Suely Falcão de Oliveira Melo  , Antonio Adilson Soares de Lima  , Ângela Fernandes  , Regina Paula Guimarães V. Cavalcanti da Silva
Published: September 2022

O freio lingual é uma estrutura anatômica que tem importante participação no ato da sucção, fala e alimentação. Um freio lingual curto e aderido ao soalho bucal dificulta os movimentos da língua, o que pode prejudicar as diversas funções dessa estrutura. Tal alteração é denominada clinicamente pelo termo anquiloglossia. Objetivo e relato de caso: Descrever um caso de anquiloglossia numa criança do sexo feminino, com 2 anos de idade, atendida na Clínica de Puericultura do Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal do Paraná. A menina teve o diagnóstico de anquiloglossia do tipo II e foi tratada por frenectomia. Conclusão: O exame rotineiro do freio lingual permite a identificação de anormalidades de sua inserção e possibilita medidas preventivas para as intercorrências no período do aleitamento materno.
Avaliação da conduta do cirurgião-dentista ante a violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes no município de Cravinhos (SP)
Authors: Eduardo Tagliari Fracon  , Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva  , Janete Cinira Bregagnolo
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A violência tem aumentado em todo o mundo e é enfocada pelos meios de comunicação sob diferentes representações, desde a domiciliar até os grandes conflitos armados. A expressão maus-tratos na infância envolve toda ação ou omissão que prejudique o bem-estar, a integridade física e psicológica ou a liberdade e o direito ao pleno desenvolvimento infantil. Objetivo: Verificar se os cirurgiões-dentistas da cidade de Cravinhos (SP) receberam orientações, se estão treinados a identificar casos de maus-tratos em crianças e adolescentes e se sabem como proceder diante de tal circunstância. Material e métodos:Compuseram o presente estudo n = 19 cirurgiões-dentistas do citado município, os quais trabalham em consultórios particulares e/ou na rede pública de saúde. Eles responderam a um questionário objetivo, após assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Resultados:Com relação à suspeita de que algum paciente (criança ou adolescente) tenha sido vítima de violência doméstica ou psíquica, 26,31% dos sujeitos da pesquisa disseram que sim. Quanto ao que fariam se constatassem casos de agressão doméstica, 42,10% recorreriam à notificação ao Conselho Tutelar. Ainda, 73,7% informaram que nunca tiveram nenhum tipo de orientação a respeito do assunto. Conclusão:Os profissionais entrevistados são capazes de identificar maus-tratos em crianças e adolescentes e sabem o que fazer nessa situação, porém ainda há necessidade de mais informação ou treinamento no tocante ao reconhecimento de violência contra crianças e adolescentes.