bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZATION OF LIQUID WASTE SEDIMENT LEATHER INDUSTRI FOR CHILLI PLANTS FERTILIZER
Authors: Abdullah Sofwan Siddiq
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to utilize solid waste from wastewater treatment sludge for red chili fertilizer by finding the proportion/ratio of solid waste components with soil to obtain the most optimal composition. The materials used are solid waste sediment leather tannery, soil, chili seedlings, pesticides, and water. The tools used are plant pots (pots made of clay with a diameter of ± 25 cm and a height of ± 20 cm). The method used was planting red chili seeds on 6 types of planting media, namely control pots, 1,2,3,4,5 pot which were sequentially controlled (without solid waste), and the ratio of solid waste: soil with a ratio of 1:2, 1: 3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6. The results of the data obtained were analyzed using a T test and completely random design. furthermore, duncan test was conducted to determine the best dose (ratio) for chili plants if previously (in the unidirectional variance test) there was a ratio effect. The results obtained were pots 1, 2, 4 had a higher plant height than the control. Pots 1,2,3,4 had more leaves than the control. The conclusion that can be obtained is that the solid waste sediment on chili planting media affects height increase, number of chili leaves, and quantitatively not all of them have a significant effect. Giving solid waste sediments with a ratio of 1: 3 showed the fastest increase in height and number of leaves.
STRATEGY FOR REDUCING HDPE MATERIAL PRODUCT DEFECTS IN THE INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS WITH TAGUCHI METHOD
Authors: Ikhwan Muhammad , Yuliastuti Diana
Published: December 2024

We often encounter injection plastic products around us. Some of the advantages of plastic materials are lightweight, flexible, multipurpose, strong, not reacting, not rusty, thermoplastic (heat seal), can be colored and the price is cheap. The production process that is often used in the plastic industry is Injection Molding. In the Injection Molding process, the determination of machine parameter settings greatly affects the quality of production results. Determination of the right parameter settings can reduce the defect on the resulting product. This research was made as an effort to reduce the percentage of defects in the injection molding process with the Taguchi method. The research was conducted at the Plastic Workshop of ATK Polytechnic Yogyakarta using an Injection Molding machine type SM 90 HCV. The raw material used in this study is High-density polyethylene (HDPE) with the resulting product output in the form of packaging boxes. This study was conducted with testing samples of 90 packaged products. Based on this research, the results were obtained, among others, in the injection molding production process resulting in minimal defect values at the setting of Injection Speed level 1 10%, Injection Pressure level 3 150 bar, Plastisification (Position) level 3 180 mm and Temperature level 3 2400C. Interpretation of the results of the confirmation experiment for mean values is acceptable in consideration of the confidence interval that the results of the confirmatory experiment are smaller than the optimal results. With this, it can be concluded that this research can be implemented to improve the quality of packaging products for the Injection Molding Process.
IDENTIFICATION OF TIRE RUBBER FEASIBILITY WITH CNN RESNET-50 MODEL
Authors: Latifah Listyalina
Published: December 2024

In this study, the authors designed an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network that is capable of automatically classifying tire rubber eligibility according to the appearance of the tire on the tire image. The proposed algorithm will be built through several stages as follows. In the first stage, tire image acquisition will be carried out which will be the input of the designed algorithm. Furthermore, the acquired image will be divided into two sets, namely training and testing sets. The training set contains tire images that will be used at the training stage of several convolutional neural network architectures to be able to and classify them to the appropriate level of feasibility. The training phase will be carried out in a number of epohs, and at each epoh, the cross entropy loss function value will be calculated which expresses the performance of the convolutional neural network architecture in classifying tire images.
In this study, the author has designed an algorithm based on deep learning that is capable of automatically classifying tire eligibility. The proposed algorithm has been built through several stages such as tire image acquisition, training of several CNN models, especially ResNet-50. The CNN architecture test is trained to classify tire images from the test set. In addition, the accuracy value has also been calculated which shows the percentage of the number of tire images that are successfully classified correctly to the total number of tire images in the test set, which is an accuracy of 88.31%.
Pengaruh Implementasi Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap Potensi Kreativitas dan Inovasi Beragama Siswa di Kelas X MA Swasta Al-Wasliyah Teluk Pulai Luar Kecamatan Kualuh Leidong Kabupaten Labuhan Batuutara
Authors: Nadrah Nadrah , Marisa Siti , Rahman Abdul
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in developing the religious creativity potential of Class X students at MA Swasta Al-Wasliyah Teluk Pulai Luar, Kec. Kualuh Leidong, Labuhan Batu Utara Regency. It also aims to examine the influence of Islamic Religious Education implementation on developing the religious innovation potential of Class X students at the same school. Furthermore, the research seeks to measure the extent to which the implementation of Islamic Religious Education influences the development of religious creativity potential in these students. The research method used is quantitative, with a sample of 35 students. sThe results of this study indicate that the implementation of Islamic Religious Education in developing the religious creativity potential of Class X students at MA Swasta Al-Wasliyah Teluk Pulai Luar is carried out through classroom learning processes, role modeling by teachers, and the application of religious activities outside of class hours. There is an impact of Islamic Religious Education implementation in developing the religious innovation potential of these students, as shown by the t-value being greater than the t-table value (5.544 > 1.690). The magnitude of the impact of Islamic Religious Education implementation on developing the religious creativity potential is 48.2%, based on the determinant test.
Psikologi Pendidikan Islam dalam Al Qur’an
Authors: Kholil A. Munawar , Rahman Abdur , Rohimah Siti
Published: December 2024

In general, the development of educational psychology is a branch of psychology that specializes in the scientific study of understanding teaching and learning processes in educational environments. Psychology is not limited to a single branch; rather, it encompasses various fields that are intriguing to explore. One of these is educational psychology. Islamic educational psychology is a field of knowledge dedicated to thoroughly analyzing human behavior as educators, alongside their potential in striving for the perfection of human life in accordance with Islamic teachings. In this context, perfection refers to the achievement of educational goals through continuous development of physical and spiritual potential, or the dimensions of al-jismiyah (physical) and ruhiyah (spiritual). The urgency of studying educational psychology in Islam, based on the Qur'an, lies in its role as a method and medium for refining one's soul, which is reflected in personality and behavior in daily life. The goal is to find solutions to transform students' behavior towards betterment and to achieve an ideal Islamic personality (mutmainnah).
Teknik Supervisi Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pengajaran di Sekolah
Authors: Fathimah Meti , Ahmadi Fauzan , Saifudin MH.
Published: December 2024

This paper explains the techniques of educational supervision in improving the quality of teaching in schools. Among the important roles of supervision are supervising educational activities, correcting deficiencies and errors in the educational process, helping teachers develop their potential optimally, fostering teachers to better understand the purpose of education and helping teachers prepare students to become effective members of society.  The purpose of this paper is to explain some educational supervision techniques that can be used to improve the quality of teaching in schools. The research method used in this study uses the library research method, which is research based on processed manuscripts (manuscript studies), facts and primary and secondary data (supporting data) related to the focus of the research. The results of this study indicate that educational supervision techniques are essentially a way to improve the quality of teaching. Teaching supervision ultimately leads to improved student learning outcomes. Learners benefit from interesting lessons, clear expectations and strong teacher-learner relationships.
Pilot assessment of lighting levels in indoor pools: Staff and user perceptions as well as quantitative measurements
Authors: Pan Allison , Hon Chun-Yip
Published: December 2024

Lighting of an indoor space is important to ensure the safety of occupants as well as illuminate the space to allow individuals to perform tasks. This is especially relevant to an indoor swimming pool as adequate lighting is crucial for preventing accidents as well as ensuring the well-being of pool users, visitors and staff. This pilot study evaluated occupants’ perceptions of lighting adequacy in public pools as well as the compliance of lighting levels in these pools with the Ontario Building Code, which mandates a minimum of 200 lux. Conducted in six indoor Class A pools within an Ontario municipality, the study obtained survey feedback from 92 respondents, consisting of 59 pool visitors and 33 pool staff members. Concurrently, quantitative measurements of lighting levels (in lux) during the daytime and at nighttime were collected. The survey results found that, while overall satisfaction with lighting in shower areas was high, there was notable dissatisfaction with respect to the passageways and main pool areas. These perceptions varied by time of day whereby “poor” ratings in the main pool area more than doubled at nighttime. The percentage of lighting measurements below the 200 lux threshold varied across the six pools, ranging from 0% at Site A to 41% at Site F during the day, and from 0% at Site A to 50% at Site F at night. Overall, these results highlight the need for improved lighting to enhance user satisfaction and safety, ensure compliance with the building code, and provide guidance for future research on indoor environmental quality.
Enhancing indoor air quality in ice arenas: Insights from a survey of operators
Authors: Vecchiarelli Vittoria , Scott Michael , Piche Terry , Milton John , Putnam Brad , Heywood Peter , Pons Wendy
Published: December 2024

There are significant challenges to indoor air quality (IAQ) in indoor ice arenas due to fossil fuel-powered equipment. This research explores the air quality management practices in Ontario’s ice arenas, focusing on pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which pose health risks to arena workers and the public. A survey was conducted among directors/managers/operators of ice arenas in Ontario, revealing key concerns such as aging ventilation systems, inadequate monitoring, and budget constraints. The findings highlight that while many arenas are transitioning to electric equipment and implementing regular maintenance, significant gaps remain in IAQ monitoring, particularly for NO2. This research advocates for enhanced training, consistent inspection practices, and better resource allocation to ensure the safety of arena users.
Clinical Efficacy Landscaping in Genetic Obesity: A Meta-analysis in Prader–Willi Syndrome (PWS)
Authors: Sarkar Manish , von Horsten Hans Henning , Milunov Dimitrije , Lefebvre Nathalie Barreto , Saha Soham
Published: December 2024

Genetic obesity such as Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multifaceted condition influenced by various elements, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and behavioral components. This meta-analysis explored the reported efficacy of therapeutics in clinical trials for PWS by evaluating clinical endpoints reached in the course of the study and the adverse events observed for each. We looked at glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor-mediated and non-GLP1 receptor-mediated therapies and compared their performance in study arms across time and standard of care (SoC). In addition, we estimated the present market shares across different obesity and diabetes assets which have been tested against PWS. In conclusion, the study points to two key readouts. First, existing obesity and diabetes assets are not effective for genetic obesity such as PWS. The unmet needs remain high. Second, the markets for obesity and diabetes are in a stage of expansion. A collaborative approach to therapy development for genetic obesity is required to improve the quality of life for affected individuals.
Allah’ın Kıyamet Gününde Kur’an Okuyacağı ile İlgili Hadislerin Hadis İlmi Açısından Sıhhat Değeri
Authors: Erman Uğur
Published: December 2024

Allah’ın konuşma yetisini ifade eden Kelâm sıfatına sahip olması ve onun mütekellim oluşu gerek Ehl-i sünnet gerekse Mu’tezile tarafından aklî ve naklî deliller öncülüğünde kabul edilmiştir. Allah’ın Kelâm sıfatı İslam dininde olduğu gibi Hristiyanlık ve Yahudilikte de Allah-insan arası ilişkilerin çerçevesinin belirlenmesinde esas rolü oynamıştır. Nitekim Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de ve hadislerde Allah’ın konuşan bir varlık olduğuna değinilmiştir. İslam düşünce tarihinde Allah’ın Kelâm sıfatının olduğu ve konuşma yetisine sahip olduğu hususunda mezhepler arası bir ittifak olsa da bu sıfatın ezeli olup olmadığı, kelâmının lafzî mi nefsî mi olduğu, Allah’ın kelâmının ses ve harf cinsinden mi olduğu, işitilip işitilemeyeceği, ezelî mi yoksa hâdis mi olduğu gibi konular itikâdî ekoller arasında tartışılmıştır. Her ekol kendi görüşüne uygun olan aklî ve naklî deliller öncülüğünde Kelâm sıfatının mahiyetini. kadîm mi yoksa sonradan mı yaratıldığını, Allah’ın konuşmasının reel haliyle işitilip işitilemeyeceği konusunu tartışmış ve ileri sürdüğü deliller öncülüğünde adı geçen konularda görüş bildirmiştir. Bu çerçevede günümüzde gerek vaaz ve sohbetlerde gerekse kitle iletişim araçları vasıtasıyla Allah’ın ahirette Kur’ân okuyacağına dair hadislerin aktarıldığına şahit olmaktayız. Bu itibarla çalışmada mezkûr konuda vârid olan hadislerin hadis ilmi açısından değerini ve sıhhatini tespit cihetine gidilmiştir. Ayrıca metin ve muhteva tahlili yapılarak hadislerin sıhhati hakkında genel bir kanaate varılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Stress faced by medical students – a outlook on prevalence of burnout amongst medical students and their ways of stress coping
Authors: Ungku Fadzil Ungku Aminah Naqiyah Binti , Ghassan Salibi , Tzenios Nikolaos
Published: December 2024

Background: Medical education is recognized as one of the most stressful fields of study, exposing students to significant mental and physical challenges. The high prevalence of burnout among medical students has been attributed to demanding curricula, rigorous examinations, and other external stressors. Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievement, can adversely impact students' academic performance and overall well-being. Addressing burnout and understanding stress-coping mechanisms are essential to support medical students' mental health.

Methods and Materials: A descriptive study was conducted among 72 international medical students at Kursk State Medical University (KSMU). Participants, spanning from the first to sixth year, completed an anonymous online survey comprising 45 closed-ended questions. The survey included demographic data, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to measure burnout dimensions, and the Brief-COPE questionnaire to assess coping mechanisms. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the levels of burnout and coping strategies adopted by students.

Results: The findings revealed that medical students experienced moderate levels of burnout, with emotional exhaustion being the most prominent component. While depersonalization was relatively low, students exhibited significant emotional stress without losing interest in their studies. The majority of participants adopted adaptive coping mechanisms such as problem-focused coping (e.g., seeking solutions and advice) and emotion-focused coping (e.g., venting, humor, and spirituality). Maladaptive coping strategies, such as self-blame and self-distraction, were observed but less prevalent. Academic workload was identified as the primary stressor, followed by financial constraints and relationship challenges.

Conclusion: The study highlights moderate burnout levels among international medical students, emphasizing the importance of effective stress management strategies. Adaptive coping mechanisms were preferred over maladaptive ones, reflecting students' resilience. Targeted interventions, such as counseling programs and stress management training, are recommended to further support medical students' mental health and academic success.
Poor social relationships and apathy
Authors: Vasiliev Ilie , Vasilieva Maria , Vasilieva Irina
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Apathy as a person’s lack of goal orientation [1] is not only common, but is also associated with significant problems: reduced functional level, caregiver distress and poor illness outcome [2]. Frontal-subcortical system(s) are implicated in the causation of apathy; moreover there subtypes based on the various frontal-subcortical loops may thus exist [3]. Sheldon Cohen discusses 3 variables that assess different aspects of social relationships-social support, social integration, and negative interaction. The author argues that all 3 are associated with health outcomes [4].

Material and Methods: There were analyzed articles from PubMed database from the last 5 years 2019-2024, mentioned such words as “apathy”, “poor social relationships”, “health outcomes”. Other scientific sources in this direction were also considered [1-15]. In the available scientific medical literature remains scientifically undeveloped mass apathy or social apathy which is confused with the social isolation of an individual and not of a population of people in apathy.

Results: The role of three factors in influencing social networks and social capital are demonstrated: neighborhood characteristics and perceptions, poverty and social exclusion and social consciousness. Perceptions of inequality could be a source of social capital as well as demoralization. It is common knowledge that among apparently normal individuals, there are some who are relatively apathetic and others who are highly motivated. For example, Neugarten et all described older adults with an apathetic pattern of normal aging characterized by lifelong characteristics of passivity, low role activity, low self-esteem and low life satisfaction [16].

Conclusion: The causes of apathy have been classified as psychosocial, environmental and biomedical. There is no consensus on diagnostic criteria for apathy as a syndrome. According to a model, poor social skills are thought to make people vulnerable to psychosocial problems pursuant to the wxperience of stressful life events.
Könyvismertetés: Új adatok a magyar serdülők életmódjáról és egészségéről
Authors: Németh Ágnes
Published: December 2024

Az ELTE Pedagógiai és Pszichológiai Kara és a L’Harmattan Kiadó gondozásában jelent meg az idei Ünnepi Könyvhétre a Magyarországon már közel négy évtizede folyó nemzetközi kutatási projekt legújabb hazai eredményeit bemutató tanulmánykötet.
Cikkismertetés: A felzárkózás kudarca
Authors: Vitrai József
Published: December 2024

A magyar egészségügyi rendszer évtizedek óta hiába próbálkozik az európai átlaghoz felzárkózni, és egyidejűleg megújulni. Orosz Éva egészségügyi közgazdász két részből álló cikksorozatában a felzárkózás folyamatát vizsgálja, és részletes elemzéssel kimutatja, hogy Magyarország lemaradása nemcsak a 2004 előtti, EU országokhoz (EU14), hanem a velünk együtt csatlakozott visegrádi országokhoz képest is növekszik.
Megelőzés a háziorvosoknál : Beszélgetés Dr. Vajer Péterrel
Authors: Vitrai József , Vajer Péter
Published: December 2024

A MEJ célja, hogy a különböző tudományágak kutatóinak az egészséggel és jólléttel, valamint azok társadalmi meghatározottságával kapcsolatos kutatásait bemutatva elősegítse az egészségről és jóllétről alkotott, egyre pontosabb, teljesebb kép kialakítását. Ehhez a tudományos közlemények mellett egy új formát is választottunk: interjúkat készítünk néhány olyan kiemelkedő hazai szakemberrel, akik bár különböző szakterületeket képviselnek, munkásságuk szorosan kapcsolódik az egészséghez és a jólléthez. Az interjút Vitrai József, a MEJ alapító főszerkesztője készítette 2024. november 18-án.
Vicdani Zeka
Authors: Korkmaz Cahide İrem , Gümüştekin Gülten
Published: December 2024

Zekâ kavramı insanlığın varoluşundan bu yana önemli bir rol oynayan, bilgeliğin sınırlarını zorlayan keşifleriyle insanlığı derinliklere taşıyan bir yapı taşı olmuştur.  Ancak salt zekânın yeterli olmadığı gerçeği, bizi farklı kavram arayışlarına zorlamakta ve insanlığın görünen dış yüzü haricinde içsel değerlerini yorum ve değerlendirmesine dayalı bir arayışa itmektedir. Vicdan, bireye has duygu ve değer yargılarını barındıran, ona rehberlik eden bir nevi pusuladır diyebiliriz. İnsan, yalnız etten kemikten bir varlık olmanın ötesinde aynı zamanda düşünebilen, muhakeme yeteneği olan ve mantığının yanı sıra duygu ve vicdanını kullanabilen bir varlıktır. Bu bağlamda  zekanın somutlaştırdığı her durum vicdanın daha soyut ve sıcak yaklaşımı içinde boyutlandırılır. Bireysel bazda zeka ve vicdanın iç içe olması bireyin içinde bulunduğu ailede, toplumda, çalışma hayatında ve tüm örgütsel sistemlerde kendisini gösterecektir. Birey ve toplumun zekası ve vicdanı arasında kurmakta olduğu köprü mantığı ve iç görüsü arasındaki dengeyi sağlayarak; karar verme mekanizmalarındaki işleyişi kolaylaştıracaktır. İşte vicdani zeka kavramı, insan zihnindeki kapasitenin insan doğasıyla bütünleşerek karmaşık günümüz dünyasında gerek bireyin doğasını gerekse örgütsel hayattaki eksikleri tamamlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Türkiye'den Yapılan Nitelikli İnsan Kaynağı Göçü ve Sosyal Medyanın Rolü
Authors: Urgan Suzan , Yalçın Sevda
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı nitelikli işgücünün göç nedeniyle kaybedilmesi ve bu göçlerde sosyal medyanın rolünün ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Özellikle nitelikli işgücü talebinin teknolojik ilerlemelerle artması, gelişiş ülkelerdeki yaşlanma ve doğum oranlarının azalması gibi nedenlerle arttığı görülmektedir. Nitelikli işgücü sahip olduğu niteliklerle dünyanın her yerinde çalışabilme yeteneğine sahip kişilerden oluşmaktadır. Bu yetişmiş işgücü az gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişmiş ülkelere doğru göç etmektedir. Son yıllara bakıldığında Türkiye’den kitleler halinde nitelikli iş gücü çok farklı nedenlerle göçe katılmaktadır. Bu göçün çok çeşitli nedenleri vardır. Bu nedenlerle beraber göç kararının alınmasını kolaylaştıran bazı unsurlar vardır ki bunların başında sosyal medya yer almaktadır. Sosyal medya birçok alanda etkili olduğu gibi göçlerde de çok önemli rol üstlenmektedir. Yurt dışındaki yaşam şartlarının eş zamanlı anlatılması ve gösterilmesi göçü tetiklemektedir. Nitelikli insan kaynağının göç yoluyla kaybedilmesi ülke için bu gün ve gelecekte çok büyük sorunlara yol açacaktır. Gelişmiş sosyal medyanın da aracılık etmesi ile büyük maliyetlerle yetişen iş gücü kolaylıkla göç etmektedir. Yetişmiş insan kaynağı göçünün sosyal medya etkileşimi ile ifade edilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Uluslarasılaşma Sürecindeki Ticari İşletmeler İçin Sosyal Etki Değerlendirmesinin Önemi
Authors: Giderler Memduh Eren
Published: December 2024

Uluslararasılaşma süreci, ticari işletmelere büyüme ve rekabet avantajı sağlarken, kültürel farklılıklar, yasal düzenlemeler, finansal riskler ve sosyal etkiler gibi zorlukları da beraberinde getirir. Sosyal etki değerlendirmesi (SED), işletmelerin faaliyetlerinin sosyal sonuçlarını analiz ederek, toplum, çevre ve yerel ekonomiler üzerindeki etkilerini yönetmelerine yardımcı olan bir araç olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırma, işletmelerin uluslararasılaşma sürecinde SED uygulamalarının, küresel ve uluslararası insan hakları temelli politika belgelerine uyum sağlama açısından önemini vurgulamaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler, OECD, Dünya Bankası ve Avrupa Birliği gibi kuruluşlar tarafından yayımlanan bu belgeler, işletmelere kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk bilinci kazandırırken, uyumsuz olan işletmelerin uluslararası pazarlarda sürdürülebilir başarı elde etmesinin zorlaşacağını göstermektedir. SED, bu belgelerin hedefleri doğrultusunda işletmelere rehberlik etmekte ve uyum sağlayan işletmelere rekabet avantajı sunmaktadır. Çalışma, SED'in, ticari işletmelerin uluslararası operasyonlarında sosyal etkileri yöneterek, sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajını nasıl sağlayabileceğini tartışmaktadır.
Örgütsel Toksisite
Authors: İlgördü Özay Özgür
Published: December 2024

Örgütsel toksisite, organizasyondaki olumsuz sosyal dinamiklerin ve davranışların, çalışanların psikolojik ve duygusal sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen bir durumu ifade etmektedir. Genellikle kötü yönetim, iletişim eksiklikleri, mobbing, ayrımcılık gibi faktörlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Yüksek çalışan devamsızlığı, düşük motivasyon ve düşük verimlilik, artış gösteren stres ve iş tatminsizliği gibi sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Etkili iletişim, empati, geri bildirim kültürü ve çalışan destek programları gibi stratejiler ile örgütsel toksisiteden kurtulmak mümkündür. Bu bölümde toksisite kavramı, örgütsel toksisite, nedenleri ve sonuçları açıklanmıştır.
Mali Yönetişimde Bağımsız Mali Kurumların Önemi
Authors: Yalçın Ebru , Ünlükaplan İlter
Published: December 2024

Bütçelemede karar alma süreci boyunca izlenen kurallar ve bu süreçte yer alan kurumlar mali performansın önemli belirleyicileridir. 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren mali kurumsalcı yaklaşımın kabul görmesiyle birlikte orta vadeli bütçesel çerçeve, mali kural ve bağımsız mali kurumlardan oluşan mali yönetişim araçlarının kamu mali yönetiminde yer bulduğu görülmektedir. Bağımsız mali kurumlar, mali yönetişim araçlarından biridir ve mali kararların daha az politik hale getirilmesi amacını taşımaktadır. Bağımsız mali kurumlar, tarafsız makroekonomik tahminlerde bulunmak, çeşitli maliye politikası alternatifleri arasında karşılaştırma yaparak değerlendirmelerde bulunmak ve mali kuralların uygulanmasını izlemek üzere çalışmalar yürütmektedir. Çalışmada Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler ile Birleşik Krallık’ta yer alan bağımsız mali kurumların yapısı incelenerek mali yönetişimin sağlanmasındaki katkıları ortaya konulmuştur. Değerlendirmeler ışığında, bağımsız mali kurumlar ile mali kuralların tamamlayıcı bir ilişki gösterdiği, mali yönetişim anlayışının tüm araçların kapsayıcı politikalarla biraraya getirilmesiyle daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.
Mükellef Tipolojilerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Analiz
Authors: Durmuş Meltem Burcu , Tuncer Güner
Published: December 2024

Vergi uyumu, beyannamenin verildiği tarihte uygulanan vergi kanunları, yönetmelikleri ve yargı kararları ile vergi yükümlülüğünün tam olarak beyan edilmesi ve beyannamenin ilgili yerlere eksiksiz ve zamanında verilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Vergi uyumu veya uyumsuzluğu sonucunda dört tip vergi mükellefi oluşmaktadır. Bu tipolojiler; vergi kaçakçısı, sosyal vergi mükellefi, içten vergi yükümlüsü ve dürüst (gönüllü) vergi mükellefidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hangi vergi mükelleflerinin vergi uyumu veya uyumsuzluğu açısından kendilerini konumlandırdıklarını belirlemek ve bu durumu nasıl algıladıklarını keşfetmektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için çalışmada yöntem olarak nitel analiz uygulanmıştır. Nitel analizin birkaç alt yöntemi bulunmakta olup nitel araştırmalardan biri olan derinlemesine görüşme tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Derinlemesine görüşme tekniği Kocaeli ilinde ikamet eden 12 vergi mükellefine uygulanmıştır. Vergi uyumu veya uyumsuzluğu kavramıyla örtüşecek şekilde, çalışmaya katılan katılımcılar, beyana tabi geliri yalnızca gayrimenkul sermaye iradından ibaret olan mükelleflerden oluşmaktadır. Genel değerlendirme yapıldığında, vatandaşlık görevi bilinci, vergi adaletinin güçlü olması, vergi otoritesinin olumlu davranışları, ülke ekonomisindeki olumlu gelişmeler ve vatandaşların gelir düzeylerine ve mükelleflerin yaşam kalitesine yansıması, mükelleflerin dürüst (gönüllü) mükellef tipolojisinde yer almasını sağlayabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Küresel İklim Krizi İle Birlikte Gelen Girişimcilik Fırsatları
Authors: Özbey Kazım Yasin
Published: December 2024

İklimsel sorunlar gün geçtikçe daha da önemli olmaya başlamıştır. Çevremiz iklim değişikliği ile zarar gördükçe insanlar bu durumun olumsuz etkilerini daha fazla hissetmeye başlamıştır. Hatta bu olumsuz etkiler insanların yaşamlarını tehlikeye atmaya başladığı bile söylenebilir. Bu durum karşında devletler ve bireyler tehlikeyi fark etmeye başlamış ve önem almak için ciddi adımlar atmaya başlanmıştır. Bu önlemleri almak adına durumdan rahatsız olan unsurlardan birisi de girişimcilerdir.  Girişimciler, tehlikenin farkında olan ve bu tehlikeye dur diyebilecek fikirleri üretebilen bireylerdir. Çevresel sorunlara odaklı fikirlere sahip olan girişimciler, pozitif yönde değişimi gerçekleştirebilecek potansiyeline sahip oldukları bilinmektedir. Girişimciler çevresel bozulmayı bir tehdit olarak görürler ve bunu önlemek için adım atmaktan geri durmazlar. Ayrıca bu durumu bir fırsat olarak da görürler. Bu bakış açısı ile çevreye katkı sağlayabilecekleri gibi ekonomik açıdan yüksek kazançlar da elde edebilecekleri yenilikçi iş fikirleri üretebilirler. Bu çerçeveden bakıldığında iklim krizi, girişimcileri daha sürdürülebilir bir çevre için farklı yollar arayışı içerisine sürüklediği görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda günümüzde iklim krizi ile mücadeleyi girişimcilik yönünden ele almayı hedeflediğimiz bu bölümde amacımız çevresel sorunlara odaklanan girişimcilikle ilgili genel tanımları açıklamak, günümüzün örnek girişim fikirlerini inceleyerek gelecekteki girişimcilere ışık tutmak ve girişimciler için günümüz fırsatlarını ortaya koymaya çalışmaktır.
Postpartum Depresyon
Authors: Kabakçı Hilal
Published: December 2024

Postpartum depresyon (PPD), doğum sonrası birçok kadını etkileyen önemli bir zihinsel sağlık sorunudur. Sürekli üzülme, kaygı, duygu dalgalanmaları ve yenidoğan ile bağ kurmada güçlük gibi belirtilerle karakterize edilen bu durum, hem anne hem de çocuk üzerinde derin etkiler yaratabilir. Postpartum depresyonun sebepleri çok faktörlüdür ve hormonal değişiklikler, psikolojik stres, uyku eksikliği ve toplumsal faktörler (örneğin destek eksikliği) gibi unsurları içerir. Yüksek prevalansına rağmen, postpartum depresyon genellikle teşhis edilmez ve yeterince rapor edilmez; bunun başlıca nedeni, ruhsal sağlıkla ilgili damgalama ve yeni annelerin yalnızca "adaptasyon süreci" geçirmeleri gerektiği yönündeki yanlış anlayıştır.Bu bölümde, postpartum depresyonun etyolojisi, risk faktörleri ve klinik belirtileri ele alınarak erken tanı ve müdahalenin önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Ayrıca, sağlık profesyonellerinin doğum sonrası ziyaretlerde PPD taraması yapmalarının ve terapi ile ilaç tedavisi gibi uygun tedavi seçeneklerini sunmalarının rolü üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bölüm, postpartum depresyonun anne-bebek ilişkisi üzerindeki etkilerini ve tedavi edilmediğinde çocuğun gelişimi üzerindeki uzun vadeli sonuçları tartışmaktadır.Sonuç olarak, bölüm, psikolojik destek, toplumsal farkındalık ve sağlık politikalarının iyileştirilmesi gibi unsurları içeren kapsamlı postpartum bakımının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Postpartum depresyonun arkasındaki temel faktörler ele alınarak ve ruhsal sağlık hakkında açık konuşmalar teşvik edilerek, annelere daha destekleyici bir ortam sağlanabilir ve bu sayede hem anne hem de çocuk için daha iyi sonuçlar elde edilebilir.
Kontrasepsiyon ve Erkekler: Yaklaşımlar ve Belirleyici Etmenler
Authors: Kılıç Kübra Nur , Özerdoğan Nebahat , Emül Esra
Published: December 2024

Bireylerin çocuk sahibi olup olmamalarında, çocuk sahibi olacakları zamana karar vermelerinde, istenmeyen gebeliklerin azaltılmasında, anne- bebek mortalite ve morbiditenin azaltılmasında aile planlaması hizmetleri etkili olmaktadır. Ayrıca aile planlaması gebelikten korunma konusunda eğitim, danışmanlık ve kontrasepsiyonlar hakkında da bilgi sağlamaktadır. Kontrasepsiyon ise, çeşitli kimyasal ilaçlar, cerrahi prosedürler, cinsel uygulamalar veya cihazlar kullanılarak gebeliklerin planlı bir şekilde önlenmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Günümüzde kullanılan erkek kontraseptif yöntemleri; geleneksel bir yöntem olan geri çekme (coitus interruptus), modern yöntem olan prezervatif ve vazektomidir. Ayrıca hormonal ve nonhormal olarak yeni kontraseptif çalışmaları da devam etmektedir. Erkeklerin kontraseptif kullanımına karşı çıkma nedenleri arasında mitler, yanlış anlamalar, kontraseptiflerin yan etkileri, medeni hal, kötü ekonomik durum, dini etkiler, sınırlı erkek kontraseptif seçimi, kadın partnerin aldatma şüphesi ve geniş aileleri tercih etme yer almaktadır. Erkeklerin kontrasepsiyon kullanımına razı olması, etkili aile planlaması için bir anahtardır ve erkekler doğurganlık seçimlerini etkilemede büyük rol oynamaktadır. Erkekleri bu konuda bilgilendirme ve eğitme açısından sağlık çalışanları özellikle ebeler oldukça önemlidir. Aile planlaması ve kontraseptif eğitimlerini yapan ebeler mutlaka yanlarında eşlerini çağırmalı ve eğitimini çiftler üzerinde gerçekleştirmelidir.
Dilemma of Legal Protection for TNI Soldiers Due to the Legal Vacuum in Military Administrative Procedure Regarding Litigation Mechanisms and Non-Litigation Options
Authors: Angling Angling , Isretno Israhadi Evita
Published: December 2024

This research addresses the legal vacuum experienced by TNI soldiers due to the absence of a Government Regulation governing military administrative procedural law, as mandated by Law Number 31 of 1997 on Military Justice. The study aims to analyze the impact of this legal uncertainty on soldiers' access to justice, particularly those who feel aggrieved by military administrative decisions, while highlighting real-life examples of the challenges they encounter in pursuing justice. A normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach is employed to examine relevant legal materials, cases, and theoretical frameworks. The results reveal significant legal uncertainty that creates barriers for soldiers to challenge administrative decisions effectively, leading to a lack of clarity in resolving disputes and protecting their rights. The findings underscore the urgent need for policy interventions, including issuing clear and comprehensive regulations on military administrative procedural law and establishing a specialized institution dedicated to handling such disputes. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the importance of addressing the legal vacuum to strengthen the legal system, ensure fairness, and safeguard the rights of TNI soldiers in Indonesia.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Telemedicine: Legal Considerations under Indonesian Health Laws
Authors: Sebastian Rommy
Published: December 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indonesia’s healthcare system, particularly in telemedicine, presents both opportunities and challenges. AI enhances healthcare delivery by improving diagnostics and patient management, especially in underserved areas. However, its adoption raises legal concerns, particularly around data privacy, security, and professional accountability. Indonesia's regulatory framework, including the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP) and Health Ministerial regulations, governs healthcare and data use but has not fully adapted to the complexities of AI. This study aims to analyse the adequacy of Indonesia’s legal framework in addressing the challenges posed by AI in telemedicine. A qualitative method was used, involving a comprehensive review of existing laws and case studies of AI application in healthcare both locally and globally. The results reveal that while Indonesian health laws provide a foundation for telemedicine regulation, they lack specific provisions for AI-related issues, such as algorithm transparency, liability for AI errors, and real-time data handling. The conclusion emphasizes the need for updated regulations that account for AI’s unique characteristics, ensuring that its benefits in healthcare are fully realized while protecting patient rights and aligning with international legal standards. This research highlights the importance of legal reform to create a safer, more efficient, and ethically sound AI-driven healthcare system in Indonesia.
Analysis of Carbon Emission Levels in the SSH Forest Area Based on Land Cover Change
Authors: Oktama R Dhea , Ikhwan Siregar Yusni , Suwondo Suwondo
Published: December 2024

The Sultan Syarif Hasyim (SSH) Forest Park (Tahura) area in Riau Province is a forest conservation area that has an important role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem, especially in terms of carbon sequestration and carbon emission reduction. This study aims to measure the level of carbon emissions resulting from land cover changes and analyze the main causative factors of carbon emissions in the Tahura SSH area. The methods used include field analysis, measurement of carbon emissions based on land cover changes, and data processing using emission modeling software. The results show that carbon emissions in this region are mainly caused by deforestation and land clearing activities, which accelerate the release of carbon stored in forest biomass. In addition, this study provides recommendations for mitigation strategies that can be carried out, such as forest rehabilitation efforts, sustainable land management, and strengthening conservation policies. This research is expected to be an important reference in efforts to reduce carbon emissions in conservation forest areas and encourage policies that support environmental sustainability.
Customary Rights Versus Land Use Rights
Authors: Pasamai Syamsuddin , Salle Salle
Published: December 2024

The 1945 Constitution, Article 33 paragraph (1) grants the State the authority to regulate and manage natural resources, including land, for the welfare of the people. This authority is further elaborated in the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA), which establishes regulations concerning land ownership, utilization, and management. The UUPA recognizes the state's right of control (recht van beschikking), customary land rights (hak ulayat), and land use rights for business purposes. However, these rights must align with the principle of prioritizing the public interest. In practice, the subordination of customary rights and land use rights to public interest policies can potentially lead to conflicts and economic losses for the rights holders. Issues such as inadequate compensation, lack of consultation, and improper recognition of customary rights often arise, particularly in regions where land is closely tied to indigenous traditions and livelihoods. To address these concerns, there is an urgent need for a standardized regulatory framework that balances the principle of public interest with the protection of customary rights and business land use rights. Such a framework should ensure legal certainty, equitable compensation, and mechanisms for conflict resolution to prevent injustice. By harmonizing state authority with individual and communal rights, the regulation can contribute to sustainable land management while upholding justice and public welfare. This study highlights the importance of legal reform to create comprehensive and inclusive land policies that safeguard the rights of all stakeholders.
Cost of stroke from patients' perspective: A real-world evidence study in Vietnam
Authors: Le Thi Ngoc Thanh  , Nguyen Huy Thang  , Tieu Tu Man  , Pham Luong Son  , Nguyen Thi To Nga
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 10% of all deaths and 17 million new cases annually. Its impact on society is enormous, not only due to the disease burden but also because of the associated medical costs. Studies on the cost of stroke in Vietnam have been limited so far. The aim of this study is to evaluate stroke-related costs from the patients' perspective in Vietnam using hospital data. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a randomized sample of stroke patients from a hospital in Ho Chi Minh City (115-bed hospital) was conducted to evaluate the cost of stroke. Patients who were hospitalized for stroke at the studied hospital, had complete medical records, and agreed to participate in the study were selected. Patients who were foreigners, did not complete their treatment at the research hospital, or died during treatment were excluded from the study. The costs of stroke considered both direct (medical and nonmedical) and indirect expenses. Results: Based on the study sample of 273 patients with ratio of men: women of 1.315:1, mean age of 62.97± 14.3; approximately 85% with ischemic stroke and 15% with hemorrhagic stroke. The mean total cost per stroke patient was VND 8,112,458.7 ± 285.499,16; 77% of which was due to direct cost (VND 6,307,554.5) and the rest (23%) was due to indirect cost (VND 1,804,904.2). In the structure of direct cost, the medical costs were 1,22 times higher than non-medical costs (3,470,583.8 vs 2,836,970.7 VND; respectively). Discussions: This study was conducted on a small scale, involving only one hospital and a limited study period, which led to constraints in sample size. The study demonstrated the treatment costs for stroke inpatients and highlighted the variations in different types of stroke-related expenses. These findings can assist medical centers and physicians in making informed clinical decisions. Additionally, the results provide a basis for shaping policy decisions and developing national medical programs. Conclusions: With an average hospital stay of 6.17 ± 0.18 days, direct medical costs constituted the largest portion of the total expenses. Given the increasing incidence of stroke in Vietnam, healthcare policies aimed at reducing the financial burden on stroke patients should be considered.
ENCODE ChIP-Seq Significance Tool: Which TFs Regulate my Genes?
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

I collaborate with several investigators on gene expression projects using both microarray and RNA-seq. After I show a collaborator which genes are dysregulated in a particular condition or tissue, the most common question I get is "

what are the transcription factors regulating these genes?

" This isn't the easiest question to answer.
Genomics to Confirm Nationality?
Authors:   Unknown
Published: December 2024

Thanks to Kylee for pointing out this frightening trend from the U.K. Border Agency. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/326/5949/30Essentially, the United Kingdom is experimenting with using mitochondrial and Y-chromosome markers to determine if asylum-seekers that flee persecution are actually from the nation in question. Advocates of this policy don't seem to understand that genetic variation is not nation-specific.
GRAIL: Gene Relationships Across Implicated Loci
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

If you caught Soumya Raychaudhuri's seminar last week you heard a lot about the tool he developed at the broad called GRAIL - Gene Relationships Across Implicated Loci. You've got GWAS results and now you want to prioritize SNPs to follow up in replication or functional studies.
Displaying Regression Coefficients from Complex Analyses
Authors:   Unknown
Published: December 2024

Genome-wide association studies have produced a wealth of new genetic associations to numerous traits over the last few years. As such, new studies of these phenotypes often attempt to replicate previous associations in their samples, or examine how the effects of these SNPs are altered by environmental factors or clinical subtypes.
Would a gene by any other name be just as significant?
Authors:   Unknown
Published: December 2024

So you have found significant SNPs from a study, and you are investigating the region. Browsing through Ensembl or Entrez-Gene, you find a coding region nearby. Atop this coding region, you see a collection of letters that are commonly used to refer to this gene, lets say "MYLK". So you begin a PubMed search to find publications that describe the function of this gene, searching with "MYLK". Seems reasonable, right?Beware!
PCG Journal Club Articles, 9/11
Authors:   Unknown
Published: December 2024

There were only a couple of citations for articles discussed at this week's PCG meeting (September 11). Our next meeting is scheduled for September 26.~JuliaKim S, Xing EP. Statistical estimation of correlated genome associations to a quantitative trait network. PLoS Genet. 2009 Aug; 5(8):e1000587.Zamar D, Tripp B, Ellis G, Daley D. Path: a tool to failitate pathway-based genetic association analysis. Bioinformatics. 2009 Sep 15;
NSF BIGDATA webinar
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

If you're doing any kind of big data analysis - genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, bioinformatics - then unless you've been on vacation the last few weeks you've no doubt heard about the NSF/NIH BIGDATA  Initiative (here's the NSF solicitation and here's the New York Times article about the funding opportunity). The solicitation "aims to advance core scientific and technological means of managing, analyzing, visualizing, and
Bedtools tutorial from 2013 CSHL course
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

A couple of months ago I posted about how to visualize exome coverage with bedtools and R. But if you're looking to get a basic handle on genome arithmetic, take a look at Aaron Quinlan's bedtools tutorials from the 2013 CSHL course.
Primers in computational biology
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

I recently stumbled across this collection of computational biology primers in Nature Biotechnology. Many of these are old, but they're still great resources to get a fundamental understanding of the topic. Here they are in no particular order.
Mapping SNPs to Genes for GWAS Enrichment Analysis
Authors:   Unknown
Published: December 2024

There are several tools available for conducting a post-hoc analysis of GWAS data looking for enrichment of significant SNPs using literature or pathway based resources. Examples include GRAIL, ALLIGATOR, and WebGestalt among others (see SNPath R Package). Since gene enrichment and pathway analysis essentially evolved from methods for analyzing gene expression data, many of these tools require specific gene identifiers as input.
Guide to RNA-seq Analysis in Galaxy
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

James Taylor came to UVA last week and gave an excellent talk on how Galaxy enables transparent and reproducible research in genomics. I'm gearing up to take on several projects that involve next-generation sequencing, and I'm considering installing my own Galaxy framework on a local cluster or on the cloud. If you've used Galaxy in the past you're probably aware that it allows you to share data, workflows, and histories with other users.
Writing my Thesis - Follow me on Twitter
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

A few weeks ago I suddenly reached the point that every graduate student once thought would never come - time to start writing my thesis. With a blank page and a blinking cursor staring me in the face it's time to compile all of my published and unpublished work I've accumulated over the last few years and wordsmith this pile of papers and results into a single cohesive unit.
Happy Birthday GGD! The 10 Most Popular Posts Since GGD's Launch
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

The first post on Getting Genetics Done was one year ago today. To celebrate, here are the top 10 most viewed posts since GGD launched last year. Incidentally, nine of the ten are tutorials on how to do something in R. Thanks to all the readers and all the commenters for sharing your thoughts!