bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries and Risk for Affective and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Delmonico Richard L. , Tucker Lue-Yen , Theodore Brian R. , Camicia Michelle , Filanosky Charles , Haarbauer-Krupa Juliet
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES

Recent studies document an association between mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) in children and postinjury psychiatric disorders. However. these studies were subject to limitations in the design, lack of long-term follow-up, and poorly defined psychiatric outcomes. This study determines the incidence and relative risk of postinjury new affective and behavior disorders 4 years after mTBIs.

METHODS

A cohort study of mTBI cases and matched comparisons within an integrated health care system. The mTBI group included patients ≤17 years of age, diagnosed with mTBI from 2000 to 2014 (N = 18 917). Comparisons included 2 unexposed patients (N = 37 834) per each mTBI-exposed patient, randomly selected and matched for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and date of medical visit (reference date to mTBI injury). Outcomes included a diagnosis of affective or behavioral disorders in the 4 years after mTBI or the reference date.

RESULTS

Adjusted risks for affective disorders were significantly higher across the first 3 years after injury for the mTBI group, especially during the second year, with a 34% increase in risk. Adjusted risks for behavioral disorders were significant at years 2 and 4, with up to a 37% increase in risk. The age group with the highest risk for postinjury affective and behavioral disorders was 10- to 13-year-old patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Sustaining an mTBI significantly increased the risks of having a new affective or behavioral disorder up to 4 years after injury. Initial and ongoing screening for affective and behavior disorders following an mTBI can identify persistent conditions that may pose barriers to recovery.
Potencial dendrocronológico de tres especies de Podocarpáceas de la Cordillera de los Andes
Authors: Escobar Chimbaco Milton Javier , Marín Adriana , Giraldo Jorge Andrés , Ramirez Jorge Andres
Published: January 2024

Introducción: Poco se conoce del potencial dendrocronológico de las Podocarpáceas en el trópico. Objetivo: Explorar el potencial dendrocronológico de tres especies de podocarpáceas: Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Podocarpus oleifolius y Prumnopitys harmsiana. Métodos: Se muestrearon y analizaron 88 árboles: 30 de R. rospigliosii de secciones transversales, 30 y 28 de P. oleifolius y P. harmsiana, respectivamente, provenientes de núcleos de madera extraídos con barreno de incrementos. Las muestras se procesaron siguiendo las técnicas dendrocronológicas estándar. Resultados: En general, las características anatómicas de los anillos de crecimiento son similares para las tres especies (i.e., cambios de densidad), con una anatomía simple de traqueidas alineadas radialmente por tratarse de coníferas. Las muestras de R. rospigliosii y P. oleifolius para el cofechado mostraron una inter-correlación promedio de 0.55 (r-Pearson). Para P. harmsiana no fue posible concretar una serie de ancho de anillos de las muestras colectadas. Conclusiones: Así, la investigación dendrocronología con especies de Podocarpáceas podría realizarse exitosamente.
Still flying blind after all these years: The Federal Reserve's continuing experiments with unobservables
Authors: Papadimitriou Dimitri B. , Wray L. Randall
Published: January 2024

In 1994, we examined the Fed's abandonment of monetary targets in favor of “omens of impending inflation” (Papadimitriou – Wray 1994). Here we are, three decades later, and the Fed is still fumbling around with unobservable indicators of inflation in its quest to target stable prices. In what follows, we examine the evolution of the Fed's thought and practice over the past three decades, a period in which the Fed has increasingly turned to unobservable indicators that are supposed to predict inflation and unobservable tools that are supposed to fight inflation. We will show that our criticisms have also been raised by the Fed's own members and research staff. Moreover, we suggest that the Fed has far less control over inflation than is presumed, and, at worst, might have the whole inflation-fighting strategy backwards. We conclude with an assessment of the latest round of rate hikes.
Równowaga młodych dorosłych w zależności od składu masy ciała
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszów, Polska, Baran Rafał , Marek Weronika ,   Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszów, Polska, Baran Joanna ,   Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszów, Polska, Pop Teresa ,   Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszów, Polska
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Balance is a very important factor in a person’s life. Thanks to it, it has a vertical posture and the possibility of locomotion. We acquire postural stability with age and we can shape it throughout our lives. To be able to evaluate the balance, many specialized devices or tests are used. However, the most authoritative of all the above are devices that, in cooperation with a computer, give the most accurate results. The aim of the study was to show the influence of body composition on the balance in young adults. The influence of sex, age, height and body weight on the symmetry of lower limb loads and the balance itself was also taken into account. Material and methods: The study covered 97 students aged 19–23. In the study group there were 79 women and 18 men. The balance was assessed using the Zebris FDM-S dynamographic platform. The Tanita MC 980 MA analyzer was used to measure body composition. Results: In the studies, significant relationships occurred between height, weight and balance parameters as well as symmetry of lower limb loads. The increase in the value of given factors translated into a better balance. Both in women and men, body mass and height had the greatest influence on postural stability. In taller men with a higher body mass, tendencies to load the hindfoot were noticed. In women characterized by a higher content of adipose tissue, better balance parameters were noted than in women with higher values ​​of other components of body mass. Conclusions: The balance in young adults depends on body weight and height. Age and gender are not important in terms of balance. People with a greater body mass are characterized by a better balance. People who have more body fat in the body weigh more on the footpaste, while those with a greater mass of lean, muscular, bone tissue and higher water content in the body weigh more weight on the forefoot.
Trudności w rehabilitacji pacjentki po złamaniu typu pilon – studium przypadku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Jabłońska-Sudoł Katarzyna , Góra Magdalena ,   CM Medyk Sp. z o.o. Oddział Rehabilitacji Dziennej Osób Dorosłych, Grzegorczyk Joanna ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Instytut Nauk Medycznych, Pracownia Rehabilitacji
Published: January 2024

Introduction: A pilon fracture is a multi-fragmentation, intra-articular fracture of the tibia, fibula and talus bones. Treatment of this kind of fracture requires well qualified and experienced specialists. Material and methods: A 63-year-old patient who suffered a pilon fracture was treated surgically and then rehabilitated. There were many significant difficulties during the rehabilitation due to infection and tissue necrosis. The following methods were used to assess the progress of rehabilitation: a two-weight test, measurement of the ROM of the affected joint, the VAS pain scale, assessment of the manner of movement and qualitative assessment of gait, the SF-36 quality of life scale, and the VAS scale in relation to anxiety. Results: Multiple recurrences of the inflammatory process as well as the prohibition of straining and exercising the limb after the gradual removal of instruments and skin grafts operations led to an increase in pain and periodic regression of rehabilitation effects, including return to a wheelchair. One-time use of myofascial therapy significantly and unexpectedly intensified the inflammatory process and temporarily limited the ability of walking. Currently, the patient moves with two elbow crutches, for short distances without crutches, the foot is positioned in a plantar flexion, the range of motion in the ankle joint has not changed and is still insignificant. Conclusions: Numerous complications after the pilon fracture significantly impede the progress of rehabilitation. Physiotherapy should be applied very carefully and individually with a gradually dosed load. If it is carried out too intensively, it may cause the patient’s condition worsening or postpone rehabilitation progress.
Ocena wpływu nietrzymania moczu na jakość życia kobiet
Authors:   Klinika Chorób Wewnętrznych, Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Fizykalnej Uniwersytetu Medycz- nego w Łodzi, Kilon Małgorzata , Przedborska Agnieszka ,   Klinika Chorób Wewnętrznych, Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Fizykalnej Uniwersytetu Medycz- nego w Łodzi, Raczkowski Jan ,   Klinika Rehabilitacji Ortopedycznej i Pourazowej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Urinary incontinence affects more and more women, especially in the perimenopausal period. The accompanying symptoms can cause difficulties in professional, social and family life. The aim of the investigations was to assess the impact of the severity of urinary incontinence on the quality of life of women. Material and methods: The investigations included 164 women diagnosed with urinary incontinence. The mean age in the study group was 58.41 ± 10.01 years (min. 40 – max. 79 years). The RUIS scale was used to assess the severity of urinary incontinence. The quality of life was assessed using the DCFC and SWLS scales. The data were analyzed statistically. Results: In the DCFC scale, the mean quality of life was 24.02 ± 5.03 (min. 12 – max. 38 scores), whereas in the SWLS scale, the mean was 20.91 ± 5.53 (min. 7 – max. 34 scores). The mean score for urinary incontinence rated on the RUIS scale by the investigated women was 10.07 ± 3.29 (min. 3 – max. 16 points). The correlation coefficients of the RUIS vs. DCFC scales: R = 0.348, p <0.001 and RUIS vs. SWLS: R = -0.206, p = 0.008, indicate a moderate correlation. The greater the problem with urinary incontinence, the worse the quality of life demonstrated by both the DCFC and SWLS scales. Conclusions: The degree of urinary incontinence affects the quality of life of women. Women with moderate and severe urinary incontinence assess their quality of life as worse.
Breast implants malposition prevention after aesthetic augmentation mammoplasty
Authors: Mohammad Ali Bassam Ibrahim , Susak Yaroslav
Published: January 2024

Prevention of breast implant malposition (BIM) after submuscular augmentation mammoplasty (SAMP) for hypomastia is an actual problem, as 4.7–5.2 % of women after primary SAMP and approximately 10 % after repeated SAMP require revision surgery due to this complication.
The aim. To determine the effectiveness of prevention of BIM after SAMP by choosing the implant volume depending on the physique of women.
Materials and methods. In 112 women, the choice of implant volume for SAMP was carried out in accordance with the High Five approach – the comparison group (Group C), in 46 women according to the developed algorithm – the main group (Group M). The algorithm took into account the risk of BIM in women of different physique depending on the implant volume. If a woman insisted on having a larger implant than was calculated, an additional internal bra was created.
One year after SAMP, the amount of BIM was assessed according to the developed methodology, according to which BIM was characterised by the percentage increase in the area of the neo-osseous in relation to the area of the prosthesis. The following categories of BIM were distinguished: absent (insignificant) 1.5 % to 6.4 %, mild – 6.5 % to 10.4 %, moderate – 10.5 % to 20.0 %, significant – more than 20 %. Women's body type was assessed by the Pignet’s Index, which distinguished three categories: strong <16, medium 16–25, and weak 26–35. In group M, the maximum possible implant volume with a low risk of BIM was considered to be for women with a weak physique – 360 ml, medium – 430 ml, strong – 650 ml.
Results The mean percentage of BIM was significantly lower in group M (7.2±1.8 %) compared to group C (9.1±6.1 %), p=0.036. At the same time, the incidence of significant BIM significantly decreased from 18 (16.1 %) in group C to 2 (4.3 %) in group M, p=0.044. Moreover, patients in group M had BIM that could be classified as moderate, while in group P, 9 (50 %) women had moderate and 9 significant BIM. In the case of additional creation of an internal bra, there was no significant BIM in any case, the average value of this indicator was 6.3±1.6 % (no or mild BIM).
Conclusion. The developed personalised approach to the choice of implant volume, taking into account the physique of women, significantly improves the results of SAMP and prevents significant BIM
Hygienic assessment of potential health risks for the population of Ukraine and the Kharkiv region as a result of the deterioration of drinking water supply in the conditions of war
Authors: Matviichuk Olena , Yeromenko Rymma , Lytvynova Olga , Dolzhykova Olena , Matviichuk Anatolii , Karabut Larysa , Lytvynenko Hanna , Gladchenko Oleg , Lytvynenko Nikolay
Published: January 2024

Water plays a key role in ensuring the social and ecological well-being of the population of any state. At the same time, fresh water as a resource and related water infrastructure are among the most vulnerable sectors during armed conflicts. In this regard, it is relevant to study the impact of the armed conflict on water supply and the water system of Ukraine.

The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of military actions on the state of drinking water supply in Ukraine and the Kharkiv region and its potential impact on the state of health of the local population.

Materials and methods. Weekly reports of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, reports of the Ministry of Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories and Internally Displaced Persons of Ukraine, reports of Ukrainian regional military administrations, and a report of the Kharkiv Laboratory Center on the analysis of the state of drinking water supply in the settlements of the Kharkiv region and the city were used as the main source of information.

Results. As a result of the conducted analytical research, various types of influence of military operations on the water supply system of Ukraine were revealed. An increase in the level of surface water pollution has been established, in particular due to sunken military facilities and emissions of chemical substances as a result of shelling. Several impacts have been identified as potential threats, including flooding due to damage to dams, threats related to nuclear power plants, incidents of periodic flooding of underground mines, possible detonation of chlorine tanks in the area of wastewater treatment plants, and sea mine explosions in the Danube Delta. The results of the conducted research revealed that the quality of drinking water in the water supply systems of some settlements of Ukraine does not meet the hygienic requirements in terms of bacteriological, sanitary-chemical and radiation indicators. High concentrations of metals and their compounds entering the tissues of the body in the form of an aqueous solution pose a particular danger to the health of the population

Conclusion. As a result of Russia's armed aggression, wastewater treatment systems were disrupted, which led to an increase in the pollution of surface water sources
Clinical significance of calcium-sensing receptors in the development and course of recurrent wheezing and asthma in young children
Authors: Kolisnyk Viktoriia , Odynets Yuriy
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study: to evaluate the role of CaSR in the formation and course of recurrent wheezing and asthma in young children.

Materials and methods: a total of 70 patients participated in the study, including 20 children (8 boys and 12 girls) diagnosed with mild asthma, 30 patients (20 boys and 10 girls) with recurrent wheezing, and 20 relatively healthy children. The level of CaSR protein in the peripheral blood was measured twice: in the first 2 days of clinical manifestations and in remission. The levels of blood calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), vitamin D (25(OH) D3) and indicators of cellular, phagocytic and humoral immunity were also studied. The level of CaSR in the blood serum was analyzed by ELISA using commercial kits (CaSR ELISA Kit Human E-EL-H0621, Elabscience, USA, protocol No. 2301070). Statistical processing was performed using StatSoft STATISTICA version 8.0 (Tulsa, Oklahoma) and MedCalc statistical software version 17.2.

Results: the lowest levels of CaSR protein were found in the group of children with asthma both during exacerbation and remission, which is associated with its redistribution from peripheral blood to smooth muscle. The level of CaSR protein in the group with recurrent wheezing did not differ during exacerbation and remission, which may be due to the low severity of the obstructive component of this group and the number of obstructions, which, in turn, does not lead to an obvious redistribution of this indicator to the smooth muscle of the bronchi. The level of CaSR protein is obviously the lowest in young children, which is confirmed by correlations. The available correlations with blood electrolytes and IgE confirm the involvement of CaSR protein in phosphorus-calcium metabolism and the development of the inflammatory process of allergic genesis.

Conclusions: level of CaSR protein in the serum of children depends on the number of obstructions, their course and severity of the disease. CaSR protein is directly involved in calcium-phosphorus metabolism
Greening of the method for simultaneous determining the enisamium iodide and tilorone dihydrochloride using GC-FID assay
Authors: Belikova Anastasiia , Ivanauskas Liudas , Sidorenko Lyudmila , Chorny Vasyl , Kononenko Anna , Koval Alla , Georgiyants Victoriya
Published: January 2024

Pharmaceutical companies in Ukraine aspire to develop their innovative medicinal products and successfully introduce them to the global market. However, along with the prospects of increased usage of these pharmaceuticals, there arises a challenge of heightened waste production, making them a part of the over twenty million tons of PPCPs produced annually. Consequently, one of the tasks in producing new pharmaceuticals is the development of methodologies and approaches not only for quality control but also for their determination in the environment matrices.
The aim. Develop and validate GC-FID chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of Enisamium iodide and Tilorone dihydrochloride, evaluate their applicability, and compare their "greenness" with the previously developed HPLC method.
Materials and methods. The determination of the Tilorone dihydrochloride and Enisamium iodide was carried out by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector using the Rxi-5 ms (30 m long, 0.25 mm outer diameter and 0.25 μm liquid stationary phase thickness)
Results. Chromatographic GC-FID methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of Enisamium iodide and Tilorone dihydrochloride. Optimal sample preparation conditions were established, and a validation process was conducted. A comparison with the previously developed HPLC method was made regarding "greenness."
Conclusions. The developed GC-FID methodology is accurate and more environmentally friendly compared to the previously established methods. It can be recommended to determine Enisamium iodide and Tilorone dihydrochloride in the environmental matrices. It is considered environmentally friendly based on the overall GREENness (AGREE) scale, scoring 0.73 (>0.70), which demonstrates the environmentally favourable nature of the proposed analytical approach
Development of the cream composition with Georgian thermal water and herb extracts
Authors: Abuladze Nino , Gabunia Ketevani , Kikvidze Irma , Sulashvili Nodar
Published: January 2024

Thermal mineral waters contain a certain amount of mineral substances. They are widely used around the world to develop pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Georgia is rich in thermal mineral water and plant resources, but Georgian mineral waters and medicinal plant raw materials have not been used together in any of the dermato-cosmetic products produced in Georgia.
The aim of this work is to develop the cream composition with mineral waters from Georgian hot springs and herb extracts.
Material and methods. The objects of the study were Georgian thermal waters and herb extracts. Thermal waters of various degrees of mineralization were used: Sulori (mineralization - 182,6 mg/L), Tskaltubo (mineralization - 0,8 g/L) and Borjomi (mineralization - 5-7 g/L). For the study, the main methods for developing dosage forms, experimental and technological studies, physical, physico-chemical, biopharmaceutical and other methods were used.
Research results. Based on preliminary tests, preference was given to highly mineralized water “Borjomi” and its dilutions. This allowed us to develop a general strategy for creating a formula for creams containing thermal mineral water and herb extracts. The experiments were conducted with different dilutions of Borjomi. A model system suitable for mineral waters of any degree of mineralization was developed. Preliminary tests determined the ratio of the main components, with the use of which ten versions of cream were developed, and their physicochemical properties, sterility and toxicological safety were studied.
Conclusions. The critical analysis of thermal waters of Georgia was carried out and the more mineralized thermal water of Borjomi was used in the model systems. A methodological approach to the development of this type of medical and cosmetic creams for the use of selected thermal waters and plant raw materials was substantiated. The cream formulation was developed using Georgian thermal water and plant extracts. The conditions of their stability and safety were studied
Effective salary policy as a component of the development strategy
Authors: Pyroha Serhii
Published: January 2024

The inefficient distribution of income in society creates a number of problems, the main of which are the following: approved social standards are at least two times lower than the actual value of the minimum consumer basket, half of the Pension Fund's income is formed at the expense of subsidies, and half of the country's households need subsidies to pay for housing and communal services. As a result, there is no solvent demand for goods and services on the market, which slows down the socio-economic development of the state. The need for radical improvement of the principles of income distribution in society determines the relevance of the research topic. The task is to determine the legal means of effective distribution of income in order to accelerate the socio-economic development of the state. The drivers of economic growth based on wages and/or profits of enterprises are analyzed. However, none of the possibilities will be realized in the absence of a stable or at least predictable exchange rate of the hryvnia, a progressive income tax system and fair market prices. The socialist ideology of the connection of wages with labor productivity, which is equated with labor intensity, does not allow to implement the optimal distribution of incomes and restrains the socio-economic development of the state. Labor productivity is determined by the level of production equipment and technology, the progressiveness of technological processes, the use of innovative materials, the introduction of patents and know-how, etc., which provides for higher qualification of personnel and higher wages and determines the direction of using the received profits and attracting investments. The regulator of the use of profits is the tax system and progressive tax rates. Income distribution in society should be determined by acceptable social standards and ensured by the application of progressive personal income tax rates. Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine have been proposed, which will ensure the solution of the set tasks
US-191/MT-64 Wildlife & Transportation Assessment
Authors: Fairbank Elizabeth , Penrod Kristeen , Wearn Anna , Blank Matt , Bell Matthew , Huijser Marcel P. , Ament Robert , Fick Damon , Breuer Abigail , Hance Braden
Published: January 2024

The US Highway 191 (US-191)/Montana Highway 64 (MT-64) Wildlife & Transportation Assessment (the “Assessment”) improves understanding of the issues affecting driver safety, wildlife mortality, and wildlife movement along the major routes that connect Yellowstone National Park, the Custer Gallatin National Forest, and other public lands to the growing population centers of Bozeman, Big Sky, and nearby communities in Southwest Montana. By engaging personnel from multiple federal, state, and local agencies along with key stakeholders to examine problems and possibilities through the lens of spatial ecology, the US-191/MT-64 Wildlife & Transportation Assessment brings new insight into the impact of two major roads that unite local communities yet divide the landscape and natural habitats. The information included in this report should inform and support area communities and agency decision-makers to select and pursue wildlife accommodation options. With the passage of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, significant funds for wildlife accommodation measures are available nationwide on a competitive basis. The US-191/MT-64 Wildlife & Transportation Assessment better equips part of Southwest Montana’s gateway to Yellowstone National Park to take advantage of new funding opportunities.
Normothermic ex vivo heart and lung autoperfusion: assessment of functional status and metabolism
Authors: Tarkova A. R. , Zykov I. S. , Zhulkov M. O. , Protopopov A. V. , Smirnov Ya. M. , Makaev A.  G. , Guseva A. V. , Kosimov F. Yu. , Murtazaliev M. N. , Limansky A. D. , Sirota D. A. , Kliver E.  E. , Kliver V. E. , Volkov А. M. , Chernyavsky A. M.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to carry out a comparative study of the efficacy of a 6-hour normothermic ex vivo heart and lung autoperfusion and cold cardioplegia using Bretschneider’s solution (Custodiol®, Germany).

Materials and methods. Landrace pigs weighing 50 ± 5 kg at the age of 4–5 months (n = 10) were used as a model for a series of acute experiments. In the experimental group (n = 5), the cardiopulmonary complex was conditioned by autoperfusion for 6 hours. In the control group, the heart pumping function was restored after 6-hour cold cardioplegia using Bretschneider’s solution. The efficiency of graft preservation was assessed by measuring hemodynamic parameters, myocardial contractile function, and myocardial oxygen consumption.

Results. After reperfusion and repeated isolation of the working cardiopulmonary complex, cardiac output was 0.63 [0.37; 0.8] L/min and 0.37 [0.23; 0.37] L/min in the experimental and control groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Indicators – global left ventricular stroke work index and preload recruitable stroke work – were significantly higher in the experimental group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. Normothermic autoperfusion is significantly more effective in preserving the morphofunctional status of a donor heart than static cold storage with Bretschneider solution for 6 hours.
Safety assessment of the femtosecond laser in corneal limbal graft excision
Authors: Nefedova O. N. , Malyugin B. E. , Borzenok S. A. , Gerasimov M. Yu. , Ostrovsky D. S. , Shatskikh A.  V.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to study in vitro survival and preservation of the proliferative activity of limbal stem cells (LSCs) in femtosecond laser-cut limbal tissue fragments.

Materials and methods. Limbal fragments were formed from donor cadaver eyes (n = 8) in the upper and lower limbus containing the highest number of limbal stem cells, using a Z8 femtosecond laser (FSL) (Ziemer, Switzerland). The limbal fragments were fragmented into 4 mini-grafts using different energy levels (100, 110, 120%). Mini-grafts from symmetrical sections of the cadaver eyes, which were manually isolated using a microsurgical blade, served as controls. The mini-grafts were cultured for two weeks in culture media intended for limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) (Epilife (0.06 mM Ca++) and for multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) (DMEM/F12), with the addition of specific growth factors to selectively stimulate LESCs or MMSCs, respectively. The phenotype of the obtained cultured cells in the «laser» and «knife» groups was determined by flow cytometry using a set of markers (CD166, CD105, CD90, CD29, CD34) for the membrane proteins of LESCs and MMSCs. The ability of cultured cells to adhesion and proliferation in the «laser» and «knife» groups was determined by seeding the third passage of the resulting cultures on Bowman’s membrane of acellular corneas.

Results. Primary cell culture was obtained from mini-grafts of all donors in both groups. Cell morphology was consistent with the phenotype of corneal epithelial cells (cobblestone pattern). When cultured in the EpiLife medium (0.06 mM Ca++), we determined the presence of LSCs proliferation from 38.6% of minigrafts; in the DMEM/F12 medium (1 : 1) the presence was determined from 31.8%. Two weeks later, cell yield from mini-grafts in the «laser» and «knife» groups was 77.2% and 63.6%, respectively. Cell growth by the end of week 2 of culturing of mini-grafts obtained by FSL at 120, 110 and 100% energies was 87.5, 71.4 and 71.4%, respectively. It was found that the resulting cell cultures in the «laser» and «knife» groups and in the «120%», «110%» and «100%» subgroups were not different phenotypically. Cytofluorimetric analysis showed that cell cultures in the groups had a mixed pattern of marker expression of both LESCs (CD29+) and MMSCs (CD90+, CD105+). Seeding of the third passage of cell culture in the test groups in all cases demonstrated adhesion and formation of a cell monolayer on the Bowman’s membrane of model corneas.

Conclusion. The use of FSL for cutting out limbal grafts seems to be effective and safe in comparison with the traditional mechanical (knife) technique. Cell cultures obtained from FSL-cut mini-grafts were able to grow and migrate for at least 21 days.
Evaluation of hemostasis parameters in recipients following related transplantation of the right lobe of the liver
Authors: Babadjanov A. H. , Khaybullina Z. R. , Turgunbaev E. K. , Matkarimov Sh. U.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to study the dynamics of hemostasis parameters in the early postoperative period and to identify the timing of restoration of the level of procoagulants and anticoagulants synthesized by the liver (received from a living related donor) in liver lobe recipients.

Materials and methods. Under observation were 31 recipients and 31 related donors of liver lobe. They were treated at the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, from August 2022 to August 2023. Hemostasis parameters were determined in recipients, whose postoperative period was uneventful.

Results. It was revealed that compensation in the hemostasis system occurs even at low levels of coagulation factors on day 10 after liver transplantation (LT). In recipients, a decrease in anticoagulants was more pronounced than that of procoagulants. In general, the hemostasis system was in an unstable equilibrium, which, under the influence of external and internal factors, can easily shift both towards hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable state. Activity of the fibrinolytic system and fibrinogen level are significant influencing factors. Gradual recovery of fibrinogen levels by the end of day 1 after surgery is the result of activation of the synthetic function of the liver. After LT, there were signs of endothelium activation, but not endothelial damage, which regress and normalize by postoperative day 10. At the same time, in the initial status, recipients had an increase in both the amount and activity of von Willebrand factor, which indicates endothelial damage and dysfunction. The low level of homocysteine in recipients is probably a protective factor against the development of thrombotic complications, and homocysteine dynamics reflects the gradual restoration of the functional activity of the liver, adaptation of the donor liver to functioning.

Conclusion. Monitoring of hemostasis system in recipients after liver transplantation allows to prevent thrombohemorrhagic complications in time but also to assess the dynamic equilibrium of procoagulants and anticoagulants, the timing of restoration of the activity of the main hemostasis factors and, according to this, to vary the administration regimes of anticoagulants, antiplatelet medications, and fibrinolysis inhibitors, to carry out replacement therapy and to realize the concept of hemostasis management.
O problema da dívida e a nova fase da crise mundial
Authors: LIPIETZ ALAIN
Published: January 2024

RESUMO Este artigo trata das fases e problemas da crise de transição do “fordismo” para uma nova ordem e um novo modelo de crescimento da economia mundial. As duas respostas diferentes aos problemas de queda de produtividade - redução radical dos custos trabalhistas ou um novo contrato social - são apontadas como determinantes da evolução da crise e, em especial, do desenvolvimento do déficit comercial americano e da dívida do Tesouro, e do terceiro mundo dívida. Mostra-se que a solução pelo pagamento da dívida não é viável e que a lógica macroeconômica leva à desvalorização como resposta adequada. Problemas éticos, políticos e técnicos desse esquema são analisados indicando que mais provavelmente a desvalorização da dívida será combinada com um reajuste do fluxo de exportação dos Estados Unidos e do Terceiro Mundo contra a Europa e o Japão. Por fim, são discutidas as possibilidades de uma contribuição europeia significativa para este reajuste. Argumenta-se que, para que isso ocorra, uma política social comum para a Europa deve ser adotada antes da unificação de 1992.
Ajustamento das contas públicas na presença de uma dívida elevada: observações sobre o caso brasileiro
Authors: BATISTA JR. PAULO NOGUEIRA
Published: January 2024

RESUMO Este artigo examina os obstáculos ao ajuste do setor público decorrentes da existência de um alto nível de endividamento do governo na forma de obrigações de curto prazo ou taxas de juros flutuantes. Nesse contexto, os programas de ajuste que dependem exclusivamente de aumentos de impostos e/ou reduções de gastos governamentais não financeiros têm possibilidades limitadas de sucesso. Além de tornar o orçamento altamente vulnerável a aumentos nas taxas de juros externas e internas, o tamanho e a composição da dívida pública brasileira restringem severamente a eficácia das políticas monetária e cambial. O artigo conclui que, nas atuais circunstâncias, um programa de estabilização bem-sucedido teria que envolver ajuste fiscal, tratamento de choque contra a inflação e reestruturação da dívida pública.
Nurses’ perceptions about the patient safety climate in Primary Health Care
Authors: Guirardello Edinêis de Brito , Jesus Mariana Véo Nery de , Vieira Lilian Ceroni , Oliveira Henrique Ceretta , Vergilio Maria Silvia Teixeira Giacomasso
Published: January 2024

Objective: to evaluate the patient safety climate in Primary Health Care from the perspective of nurses working in the services. Method: a quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 148 nurses from a municipality in the state of São Paulo. The Brazilian version of the Primary Care Safety Questionnaire Survey and personal, professional, and organizational performance variables (intention to stay at work, job satisfaction, care quality, and frequency of incidents) were used. Parametric and non-parametric comparison tests and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were performed, considering a 5% significance level. Results: the safety climate was positive, varying from 4.52 to 5.33 and differing across districts for workload (p=0.0214) and leadership (p=0.0129). The safety climate professional variables and dimensions differed in relation to the frequency of incidents. Teamwork and safety and learning system were strongly correlated with job satisfaction and moderately with perceived care quality. Conclusion: teamwork and safety and learning system stood out for their positive correlations with job satisfaction and care quality. A positive safety climate favors the involvement of Primary Care nurses to develop improvement plans aligned with the National Patient Safety Program.
Relación entre depresión, ansiedad, estrés y dependencia del smartphone en estudiantes de enfermería durante la COVID-19
Authors: Meneses Marilyse de Oliveira , Andrade Elaine Maria Leite Rangel
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: verificar la relación entre síntomas de depresión, ansiedad, estrés y dependencia del smartphone en estudiantes de enfermería durante la COVID-19. Método: estudio descriptivo-analítico realizado con 206 estudiantes de enfermería. Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron un instrumento de caracterización sociodemográfica y uso del smartphone adaptado de la literatura y las siguientes escalas: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale y Smartphone Addiction Inventory. Los datos sociodemográficos y el uso del smartphone se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y la relación entre síntomas de depresión, ansiedad, estrés y dependencia del smartphone se analizó mediante la regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: la prevalencia de dependencia del smartphone en estudiantes de enfermería fue de 129 (62,6%) y hubo relación entre síntomas de depresión moderada (p=0,049), grave/muy grave (p=0,005) y ansiedad leve (p=0,028) y grave/muy grave (p=0,019) y dependencia del smartphone. Conclusión: los datos revelan que la construcción e implementación de políticas de uso del smartphone en el contexto académico y hospitalario para la prevención de la dependencia del smartphone y el control de los factores de riesgo asociados son necesarias.
Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence: analysis of trends and spatial distribution in the 133 intermediate Brazilian regions grouped by macroregions
Authors: Velame Kamila Tessarolo , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the magnitude, trend, and spatial patterns of childhood and adolescent cancer mortality between 1996 and 2017 in 133 Brazilian intermediate regions by using socioeconomic and healthcare services indicators. Methods: This is an ecological study for analyzing the trend of mortality from cancer in childhood and adolescence through time series. Data on deaths were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Data on population were extracted from the 1991, 2000, and 2010 demographic censuses of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, with interpolation for intercensal years. Time series were delineated for mortality by type of cancer in each intermediate region. Such regions were grouped by macroregions to present the results. The calculation and interpretation of mortality trends use the Prais-Winsten autoregression procedure. Results: Mortality rates for all neoplasms were higher in the Northern region (7.79 deaths per 100 thousand population), while for leukemias, they were higher in the Southern region (1.61 deaths per 100 thousand population). In both regions, mortality was higher in boys and in the 0-4 age group. The trend was decreasing (annual percent change [APC] – -2.11 [95%CI: -3.14; - 1.30]) for all neoplasms in the Brazilian regions and stationary (APC – -0.43 [95%CI: -1.61; 2.12]) for leukemias in the analyzed period. Conclusion: The mortality rate for all neoplasms showed higher values in regions with smaller numbers of ICU beds in the public healthcare system.
Mortalidade por câncer na infância e adolescência: análises de tendência e distribuição espacial nas 133 regiões intermediárias brasileiras agrupadas por macrorregiões
Authors: Velame Kamila Tessarolo , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira
Published: January 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar magnitude, tendência e padrões espaciais da mortalidade por câncer na infância e adolescência, entre 1996 e 2017, nas 133 regiões intermediárias brasileiras, utilizando indicadores socioeconômicos e de serviços de saúde. Métodos: É um estudo ecológico que analisa a tendência da mortalidade por câncer na infância e adolescência por meio de séries temporais. Os dados sobre óbitos foram extraídos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Os dados referentes à população foram extraídos dos censos demográficos de 1991, 2000 e 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, com interpolação para os anos intercensitários. Foram delineadas séries temporais para a mortalidade por tipo de câncer em cada região intermediária. Tais regiões foram agrupadas por macrorregiões para a apresentação dos resultados. O cálculo e interpretação das tendências de mortalidade utilizaram o procedimento de autorregressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: As taxas de mortalidade para todas as neoplasias foram maiores na Região Norte (7,79 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes), enquanto para as leucemias foram maiores na Região Sul (1,61 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes). Em ambas a mortalidade foi maior no sexo masculino e na faixa etária de zero a quatro anos. A tendência mostrou-se decrescente (annual percent change — APC -2,11 [intervalo de confiança — IC95% -3,14; -1,30]) para todas as neoplasias nas regiões brasileiras e estacionária (APC -0.43 [IC95%: -1.61; 2.12]) para as leucemias, no período analisado. Conclusão: A taxa de mortalidade, para todas as neoplasias, apresentou valores mais elevados nas regiões que dispõem de menores números de leito de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Capacidade funcional pós-COVID-19 com teste de argola e de caminhada: estudo transversal
Authors: Tozato Claudia , Molinari Camila Vitelli , Ferreira Bruno Fernandes Costa , Xavier Vivian Bertoni , Alves Vera Lúcia dos Santos
Published: January 2024

Resumo Introdução A COVID-19 pode causar sintomas per-sistentes mesmo nos casos leves, como fadiga e dispneia, que podem reduzir a capacidade funcional e a realização das atividades de vida diária. Objetivo Comparar a avaliação da capacidade funcional a partir do teste da argola e caminhada dos 6 minutos pós-COVID-19 con-forme o suporte ventilatório utilizado. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 40 adultos, de ambos os sexos, pós-infecção por SARS-CoV2 entre julho/2020 e julho 2021, com avaliação da capacidade funcional pelos testes da argola (membros superiores) e caminhada (membros inferiores) de 6 minutos. Todos os participantes foram avaliados entre 15 e 90 dias do princípio dos sintomas, diagnosticados por swab nasal, e classificados conforme o suporte ventilatório utilizado durante a infecção. Resultados A média de idade dos participantes (n = 40) foi 54,30 (±12,76) anos, índice de massa corporal 28,39 (±4,70) kg/m2 e acometimento pulmonar em vidro fosco 51,49 (±17,47)%. Trinta e sete participantes foram hospitalizados com permanência de 14,33 (±15,44) dias, 30% previamente imunizados; 7,5% atingiram o predito da distância percorrida. A média alcançada foi de 46,44% (398,63 ± 130,58 m) na distância percorrida e 39,31% (237,58 ± 85,51) em movimento de argolas. Os participantes que utilizaram ventilação mecânica invasiva (n = 10) apresentaram pior capacidade funcional em ambos os testes: 265,85 ± 125,11 m e 181,00 ± 90,03 argolas comparado a 472,94 ± 88,02 m e 273,25 ± 66,09 argolas em ventilação não invasiva (n = 8), 410,32 ± 90,39m e 257,68 ± 62,84 argolas em oxigenoterapia (n = 19), 569,00 ± 79,50 m e 203,00 ± 169,00 argolas sem internação (n = 3). Conclusão Os participantes que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica invasiva apresen-taram pior capacidade funcional, com 46% do esperado no teste de caminhada e 39% no teste de argola de 6 minutos.
Induction of Apoptosis of Melanoma Skin Cancer Cells by Atmospheric Plasma Jet
Authors: Abdullah Zulaika , Zaaba S. K. , Mustaffa M. T. , Saidin N. A. , Mohtar J. A.
Published: January 2024

The apoptotic effect is an important issue in cancer treatment. To achieve this goal, an atmospheric plasma jet (APJ) was set up for use on cultured cells in a temperature-controlled environment. Melanoma skin cancer and normal skin cells were targeted with this device. Following a 5 s plasma exposure, there was a 67% cell death in melanoma skin cancer cells compared with 5% in normal skin cells as measured after 24 h. When the treatment time was increased to 15, a 98% cell death was reported for melanoma skin cancer cells, which was 80% greater than the cell death in normal skin cells. Our observations further indicate that this preferential cell death is largely due to apoptosis. It shows that an APJ is a selective device in the induction of apoptosis in cancer and normal cells. APJ was shown to affect cells directly and indirectly through a plasma-activated medium (PAM). In direct treatment, cells were exposed to plasma while suspended in a culture medium, and in indirect treatment, cells were added to a culture medium previously activated by plasma treatment. PAM was able to induce cell death 29% higher than direct treatment as measured after 48 h. The depth of the growth medium is also one of the factors in the induction of apoptosis of cancer cells. The growth medium protected the cells from plasma exposure. The result shows that the low level (0 mm) of growth medium will cause more cell death as compared with the high level (2 mm) of growth medium. Apoptotic behavior of skin cancer cells was deduced from the fact that treated cells initially grew and died 12 h following the treatment, while untreated cells continued to grow and proliferate.
Evaluación de la luz ultravioleta (UVA, UVB y UVC) como agente bactericida contra Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani y Chalmers- ATCC® - 25922
Authors: Melo-Solarte Diego Samir , Betancur Pérez Jhon Fredy , Narváez-Solarte William
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia bactericida de tres tipos de luz ultravioleta según su longitud de onda: UVA (315 nm - 400 nm), UVB (280 nm - 315 nm) y UVC (200 nm - 280 nm). Materiales y métodos: Se realizaron dos procesos en la fase experimental, el primero consistió en la obtención del inóculo bacteriano E. coli; las bacterias crecieron en medio de cultivo LB líquido a una OD de 600 nm, donde se obtuvo una concentración de 3,9x107 UFC/ml, posteriormente se sembraron 30µl de bacterias en cajas de petri con medio de cultivo LB sólido. La segunda fase consistió en el montaje y disposición de la luz UV, en este caso se usaron LED por cada tipo de luz UV, los cuales permitieron el diseño de tres lámparas con diferente potencia (1, 3, 5 watts/LED); una vez inoculadas las bacterias en el medio de cultivo, cada placa se irradió con una lámpara utilizando potencias de 0,051 w/cm2, 0,152 w/cm2 o de 0,254 w/cm2, en intervalos de 1, 3 y 5 minutos y con una distancia fija de exposición de la lámpara al cultivo de 1cm, posteriormente las placas de petri se dejaron a 37ºC durante 16 horas. Resultados: Las lámparas que utilizan luz UVA no tuvieron ningún tipo de efecto sobre las bacterias; las lámparas que generan luz UVB afectaron levemente el crecimiento de las bacterias, solo en condiciones de alta potencia y tiempos de exposición prolongados; las lámparas UVC lograron cumplir con el efecto bactericida eliminando la totalidad de las bacterias del área de incidencia directa de la luz UV. Conclusión: La luz UVA y UVB no tienen efectos marcados como bactericidas, mientras que la luz UVC tiene un efecto bactericida en el área de incidencia, independiente de la potencia y el tiempo de exposición.