bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Till We Have Facesas Myth and Allegory
Authors: Edwards Mark
Published: December 2017

Till We Have Faces is widely regarded by admirers of C.S. Lewis as his best work of fiction, and also the most enigmatic. While it is not obviously didactic, most readers have a sense that a meaning lurks in it that cannot be ascertained by a conventional analysis of the plot, the observations of the narrator and her developing awareness of her own motives. It is argued here that Lewis, who was familiar with allegorical readings of the tale of Cupid and Psyche in Apuleius and with at least some later imitations, may have been sufficiently influenced by these precedents to conceive his own tale as a partial allegory, in which Orual represents the fleshly or somatic element in humanity, sharing both in the labours of the soul and in its ultimate redemption.
Objective Value: A Note on Values vs Valuing in The Abolition of Man
Authors: Fennell Jon
Published: December 2017

The Abolition of Man articulates a theory of objective value whose core is the act of valuing. Although Lewis for tactical purposes speaks of ‘values’, within the theory of objective value there is, properly speaking, no place for this term since it necessarily refers to a phantom.
Bertrand Russell’s Unpublished Correspondence on C.S. Lewis’ Mere Christianity
Authors: Revington Robert
Published: December 2017

In April 1958, after reading C.S. Lewis's Mere Christianity, a woman from Manchester wrote a letter to the philosopher Bertrand Russell. After reading Lewis's book, the woman was deeply concerned that she would have to become a Christian, and so she asked Russell–one of the most prominent atheist intellectuals of the twentieth century–for advice. That letter began a correspondence of five letters (and one greeting card) between Russell and the woman. In his first response, Russell told the woman that ‘the whole idea of throwing away your life blindly as an imagined service to Christ is a form of glorifying masochism’. With the exception of one of Russell's letters, this complete correspondence has never been published, but it is available in the Bertrand Russell Archives. This study analyzes the contents of that fascinating correspondence and will compare Russell's and Lewis's attitudes on religious sacrifice. Using Lewis's own writings, it will be demonstrated that Lewis himself would not have agreed with Mrs Mound's extreme interpretation of his work, and would have had some sympathy with Russell's response.
Universalism Denied: C. S. Lewis’ Unpublished Letters to Alan Fairhurst
Authors: Weems Reggie
Published: December 2017

In a 6 September, 1959 unpublished letter to Reverend Alan Fairhurst, C.S. Lewis clearly denies Universalism. In a second unpublished letter to Fairhurst dated 9 September, 1959, Lewis offered evidence that he was not an Annihilationist. Both letters are unusual because Lewis was normally hesitant to discuss eschatology, particularly the nature of hell.

This essay presents both previously unpublished letters in their entirety, discusses the reasons for their importance, sets them in the context of Lewis' other writings on hell and renders a conclusion, based on Lewis' own words, about his positions on Universalism and Annihilationism.
Thermoelectrics of Interacting Nanosystems—Exploiting Superselection Instead of Time-Reversal Symmetry
Authors: Schulenborg Jens , Di Marco Angelo , Vanherck Joren , Wegewijs Maarten R. , Splettstoesser Janine
Published: December 2017

Thermoelectric transport is traditionally analyzed using relations imposed by time-reversal symmetry, ranging from Onsager’s results to fluctuation relations in counting statistics. In this paper, we show that a recently discovered duality relation for fermionic systems—deriving from the fundamental fermion-parity superselection principle of quantum many-particle systems—provides new insights into thermoelectric transport. Using a master equation, we analyze the stationary charge and heat currents through a weakly coupled, but strongly interacting single-level quantum dot subject to electrical and thermal bias. In linear transport, the fermion-parity duality shows that features of thermoelectric response coefficients are actually dominated by the average and fluctuations of the charge in a dual quantum dot system, governed by attractive instead of repulsive electron-electron interaction. In the nonlinear regime, the duality furthermore relates most transport coefficients to much better understood equilibrium quantities. Finally, we naturally identify the fermion-parity as the part of the Coulomb interaction relevant for both the linear and nonlinear Fourier heat. Altogether, our findings hence reveal that next to time-reversal, the duality imposes equally important symmetry restrictions on thermoelectric transport. As such, it is also expected to simplify computations and clarify the physical understanding for more complex systems than the simplest relevant interacting nanostructure model studied here.
Formation of Photo-Responsive Liquid Crystalline Emulsion by Using Microfluidics Device
Authors: Dogishi Yoshiharu , Endo Shun , Sohn Woon , Katayama Kenji
Published: December 2017

Photo-responsive double emulsions made of liquid crystal (LC) were prepared by a microfluidic device, and the light-induced processes were studied. The phase transition was induced from the center of the topological defect for an emulsion made of (N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-butylaniline (MBBA), and strange texture change was observed for an emulsion made of 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) doped with azobenzene. The results suggest that there are defect-involved processes in the phase change of LC double emulsions.
Exploring Determinants of Spatial Variations in the Dengue Fever Epidemic Using Geographically Weighted Regression Model: A Case Study in the Joint Guangzhou-Foshan Area, China, 2014
Authors: Ren Hongyan , Zheng Lan , Li Qiaoxuan , Yuan Wu , Lu Liang
Published: December 2017

Dengue fever (DF) is a common and rapidly spreading vector-borne viral disease in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, this imported disease has posed an increasing threat to public health in China, especially in many southern cities. Although the severity of DF outbreaks in these cities is generally associated with known risk factors at various administrative levels, spatial heterogeneities of these associations remain little understood on a finer scale. In this study, the neighboring Guangzhou and Foshan (GF) cities were considered as a joint area for characterizing the spatial variations in the 2014 DF epidemic at various grid levels from 1 × 1 km2 to 6 × 6 km2. On an appropriate scale, geographically weighted regression (GWR) models were employed to interpret the influences of socioeconomic and environmental factors on this epidemic across the GF area. DF transmissions in Guangzhou and Foshan cities presented synchronous temporal changes and spatial expansions during the main epidemic months. Across the GF area, this epidemic was obviously spatially featured at various grid levels, especially on the 2 × 2 km2 scale. Its spatial variations were relatively sufficiently explained by population size, road density, and economic status integrated in the GWR model with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AICc = 5227.97) and highest adjusted R square (0.732) values. These results indicated that these three socioeconomic factors acted as geographical determinants of spatial variability of the 2014 DF epidemic across the joint GF area, although some other potential factors should be added to improve the explaining the spatial variations in the central zones. This work improves our understanding of the effects of socioeconomic conditions on the spatial variations in this epidemic and helps local hygienic authorities to make targeted joint interventions for preventing and controlling this epidemic across the GF area.
Prevalence of Self-Reported Diagnosed Cataract and Associated Risk Factors among Elderly South Africans
Authors: Phaswana-Mafuya Nancy , Peltzer Karl , Crampin Amelia , Ahame Edmund , Sokhela Zinhle
Published: December 2017

This paper estimates the prevalence of self-reported cataract and associated risk factors among individuals aged ≥50 years in South Africa. Data from a nationally-representative cross-sectional Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) (N = 3646) conducted in South Africa from 2007–2008 was analyzed. The primary outcome was self-reported cataract, and exposures included socio-demographics, self-reported co-morbidities, and behavioral factors. Linearized multivariate logistic regression models were used. The weighted prevalence of self-reported diagnosed cataract was 4.4% (95%CI: 3.4–5.8). Prevalence was greater among individuals with advancing age (10.2%), higher quality of life (QoL) (5.9%), education (5.2%), and wealth (5.8%) than their counterparts. Prevalence was also higher among individuals with depression (17.5%), diabetes (13.3%), hypertension (9.1%), and stroke (8.4%) compared to those without these conditions, with the exception of obesity (4.2%). In the final multivariate model, the odds of self-reported cataract were: 4.14 times higher among people ≥70 years than 50 to 59 year olds (95%CI: 2.28–7.50); 2.48 times higher in urban than rural residents (95%CI: 1.25–4.92); 5.16, 2.99, and 1.97 times higher for individuals with depression (95%CI: 1.92–13.86), hypertension (95%CI: 1.60–5.59), and diabetes (95%CI: 1.07–3.61), compared to those without these conditions.
Similarity and Differences in Inflammation-Related Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune System of Patients with Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
Authors: Boyko Anna , Troyanova Natalya , Kovalenko Elena , Sapozhnikov Alexander
Published: December 2017

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Both diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation in the brain—neuroinflammation. The first signs of PD and AD are most often manifested in old age, in which the immune system is usually characterized by chronic inflammation, so-called “inflammaging” In recent years, there is growing evidence that pathogenesis of these diseases is connected with both regional and peripheral immune processes. Currently, the association of clinical signs of PD and AD with different characteristics of patient immune status is actively being researched. In this mini-review we compare the association of PD and AD alterations of a number of immune system parameters connected with the process of inflammation.
Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol from Ishige okamurae Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation by Downregulating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ihn Hye , Kim Ju , Cho Hye , Shin Hong-In , Kim Gi-Young , Choi Yung , Jeon You-Jin , Park Eui
Published: December 2017

Marine algae possess a variety of beneficial effects on human health. In this study, we investigated whether diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), isolated from Ishige okamurae, a brown alga, suppresses receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. DPHC significantly suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) expression in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it significantly inhibited actin ring formation, the expression of osteoclast marker genes, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (Nfatc1), cathepsin K (Ctsk), and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (Dcstamp), and osteoclast-induced bone resorption. Analysis of the RANKL-mediated signaling pathway showed that the phosphorylation of both IκB and p65 was specifically inhibited by DPHC. These results suggest that DPHC substantially suppresses osteoclastogenesis by downregulating the RANK-NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, it holds significant potential for the treatment of skeletal diseases associated with an enhanced osteoclast activity.
Engineering the l-Arabinose Isomerase from Enterococcus Faecium for d-Tagatose Synthesis
Authors: De Sousa Marylane , Manzo Ricardo , García José , Mammarella Enrique , Gonçalves Luciana , Pessela Benevides
Published: December 2017

l-Arabinose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.4) (l-AI) from Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ E36 was overproduced in Escherichia coli by designing a codon-optimized synthetic araA gene. Using this optimized gene, two N- and C-terminal His-tagged-l-AI proteins were produced. The cloning of the two chimeric genes into regulated expression vectors resulted in the production of high amounts of recombinant N-His-l-AI and C-His-l-AI in soluble and active forms. Both His-tagged enzymes were purified in a single step through metal-affinity chromatography and showed different kinetic and structural characteristics. Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that C-His-l-AI was preferentially hexameric in solution, whereas N-His-l-AI was mainly monomeric. The specific activity of the N-His-l-AI at acidic pH was higher than that of C-His-l-AI and showed a maximum bioconversion yield of 26% at 50 °C for d-tagatose biosynthesis, with Km and Vmax parameters of 252 mM and 0.092 U mg−1, respectively. However, C-His-l-AI was more active and stable at alkaline pH than N-His-l-AI. N-His-l-AI follows a Michaelis-Menten kinetic, whereas C-His-l-AI fitted to a sigmoidal saturation curve.
Consciousness: A Molecular Perspective
Authors: Prentner Robert
Published: December 2017

This perspective examines the role of chemistry and molecular biology for a science of consciousness. Opposed to the consensus view, we argue that the molecular organization of biological systems is key to arrive at a thorough understanding of the dynamics correlated to the phenomenology of consciousness in complex organisms. This is indicated by the fact that the molecular sciences either provide one or more mechanisms directly related to phenomenology or otherwise describe the dynamics of the underlying substrate. In addition, we discuss substrate-independence in information-processing theories of consciousness and the issue of combination in panpsychist theories of consciousness, both from the angle of the molecular sciences. In any case, molecular details matter.
Superconducting Quantum Interferometers for Nondestructive Evaluation
Authors: Faley M. , Kostyurina E. , Kalashnikov K. , Maslennikov Yu. , Koshelets V. , Dunin-Borkowski R.
Published: December 2017

We review stationary and mobile systems that are used for the nondestructive evaluation of room temperature objects and are based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). The systems are optimized for samples whose dimensions are between 10 micrometers and several meters. Stray magnetic fields from small samples (10 µm–10 cm) are studied using a SQUID microscope equipped with a magnetic flux antenna, which is fed through the walls of liquid nitrogen cryostat and a hole in the SQUID’s pick-up loop and returned sidewards from the SQUID back to the sample. The SQUID microscope does not disturb the magnetization of the sample during image recording due to the decoupling of the magnetic flux antenna from the modulation and feedback coil. For larger samples, we use a hand-held mobile liquid nitrogen minicryostat with a first order planar gradiometric SQUID sensor. Low-Tc DC SQUID systems that are designed for NDE measurements of bio-objects are able to operate with sufficient resolution in a magnetically unshielded environment. High-Tc DC SQUID magnetometers that are operated in a magnetic shield demonstrate a magnetic field resolution of ~4 fT/√Hz at 77 K. This sensitivity is improved to ~2 fT/√Hz at 77 K by using a soft magnetic flux antenna.
Heterogeneous Data Fusion Method to Estimate Travel Time Distributions in Congested Road Networks
Authors: Shi Chaoyang , Chen Bi Yu , Lam William H. K. , Li Qingquan
Published: December 2017

Travel times in congested urban road networks are highly stochastic. Provision of travel time distribution information, including both mean and variance, can be very useful for travelers to make reliable path choice decisions to ensure higher probability of on-time arrival. To this end, a heterogeneous data fusion method is proposed to estimate travel time distributions by fusing heterogeneous data from point and interval detectors. In the proposed method, link travel time distributions are first estimated from point detector observations. The travel time distributions of links without point detectors are imputed based on their spatial correlations with links that have point detectors. The estimated link travel time distributions are then fused with path travel time distributions obtained from the interval detectors using Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. Based on fused path travel time distribution, an optimization technique is further introduced to update link travel time distributions and their spatial correlations. A case study was performed using real-world data from Hong Kong and showed that the proposed method obtained accurate and robust estimations of link and path travel time distributions in congested road networks.
Detection of Water Content in Rapeseed Leaves Using Terahertz Spectroscopy
Authors: Nie Pengcheng , Qu Fangfang , Lin Lei , Dong Tao , He Yong , Shao Yongni , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2017

The terahertz (THz) spectra of rapeseed leaves with different water content (WC) were investigated. The transmission and absorption spectra in the range of 0.3–2 THz were measured by using THz time-domain spectroscopy. The mean transmittance and absorption coefficients were applied to analyze the change regulation of WC. In addition, the Savitzky-Golay method was performed to preprocess the spectra. Then, the partial least squares (PLS), kernel PLS (KPLS), and Boosting-PLS were conducted to establish models for predicting WC based on the processed transmission and absorption spectra. Reliable results were obtained by these three methods. KPLS generated the best prediction accuracy of WC. The prediction coefficient correlation (Rval) and root mean square error (RMSEP) of KPLS based on transmission were Rval = 0.8508, RMSEP = 0.1015, and that based on absorption were Rval = 0.8574, RMSEP = 0.1009. Results demonstrated that THz spectroscopy combined with modeling methods provided an efficient and feasible technique for detecting plant physiological information.
The Dynamical History of 2060 Chiron and Its Proposed Ring System
Authors: Wood Jeremy , Horner Jonti , Hinse Tobias C. , Marsden Stephen C.
Published: December 2017

The surprising discovery of a ring system around the Centaur 10199 Chariklo in 2013 led to a reanalysis of archival stellar occultation data for the Centaur 2060 Chiron by Ortiz et al. One possible interpretation of that data is that a system of rings exists around Chiron. In this work, we study the dynamical history of the proposed Chiron ring system by integrating nearly 36,000 clones of the Centaur backward in time for 100 Myr under the influence of the Sun and the four giant planets. The severity of all close encounters between the clones and planets while the clones are in the Centaur region is recorded, along with the mean time between close encounters. We find that severe and extreme close encounters are very rare, making it possible that the Chiron ring system has remained intact since its injection into the Centaur region, which we find likely occurred within the past 8.5 Myr. Our simulations yield a backward dynamical half-life for Chiron of 0.7 Myr. The dynamical classes of a sample of clones are found. It is found that, on average, the Centaur lifetimes of resonance hopping clones are twice those of random-walk clones because of resonance sticking in mean motion resonances. In addition, we present MEGNO and chaotic lifetime maps of the region bound by 13 au

au and

. We confirm that the current mean orbital parameters of Chiron are located in a highly chaotic region of a − e phase space.
Spectral Flattening at Low Frequencies in Crab Giant Pulses
Authors: Meyers B. W. , Tremblay S. E. , Bhat N. D. R. , Shannon R. M. , Kirsten F. , Sokolowski M. , Tingay S. J. , Oronsaye S. I. , Ord S. M.
Published: December 2017

We report on simultaneous wideband observations of Crab giant pulses with the Parkes radio telescope and the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). The observations were conducted simultaneously at 732 and 3100 MHz with Parkes and at 120.96, 165.76, and 210.56 MHz with the MWA. Flux density calibration of the MWA data was accomplished using a novel technique based on tied-array beam simulations. We detected between 90 and 648 giant pulses in the 120.96–210.56 MHz MWA subbands above a

threshold, while in the Parkes subbands we detected 6344 and 231 giant pulses above a threshold of

at 732 and 3100 MHz, respectively. We show, for the first time over a wide frequency range, that the average spectrum of Crab giant pulses exhibits a significant flattening at low frequencies. The spectral index, α, for giant pulses evolves from a steep, narrow distribution with a mean

and width

between 732 and 3100 MHz to a wide, flat distribution of spectral indices with a mean

and width

between 120.96 and 165.76 MHz. We also comment on the plausibility of giant pulse models for fast radio bursts based on this spectral information.
On the Spatially Resolved Star Formation History in M51. II. X-Ray Binary Population Evolution
Authors: Lehmer B. D. , Eufrasio R. T. , Markwardt L. , Zezas A. , Basu-Zych A. , Fragos T. , Hornschemeier A. E. , Ptak A. , Tzanavaris P. , Yukita M.
Published: December 2017

We present a new technique for empirically calibrating how the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of X-ray binary (XRB) populations evolves following a star formation event. We first utilize detailed stellar population synthesis modeling of far-UV-to-far-IR photometry of the nearby face-on spiral galaxy M51 to construct maps of the star formation histories (SFHs) on subgalactic (≈400 pc) scales. Next, we use the ≈850 ks cumulative Chandra exposure of M51 to identify and isolate 2–7 keV detected point sources within the galaxy, and we use our SFH maps to recover the local properties of the stellar populations in which each X-ray source is located. We then divide the galaxy into various subregions based on their SFH properties (e.g., star formation rate (SFR) per stellar mass

and mass-weighted stellar age) and group the X-ray point sources according to the characteristics of the regions in which they are found. Finally, we construct and fit a parameterized XLF model that quantifies how the XLF shape and normalization evolves as a function of the XRB population age Our best-fit model indicates that the XRB XLF per unit stellar mass declines in normalization, by ∼3–3.5 dex, and steepens in slope from ≈10 Myr to ≈10 Gyr. We find that our technique recovers results from past studies of how XRB XLFs and XRB luminosity scaling relations vary with age and provides a self-consistent picture for how XRB XLFs evolve with age.
SDSS-IV MaNGA-resolved Star Formation and Molecular Gas Properties of Green Valley Galaxies: A First Look with ALMA and MaNGA
Authors: Lin Lihwai , Belfiore Francesco , Pan Hsi-An , Bothwell M. S. , Hsieh Pei-Ying , Huang Shan , Xiao Ting , Sánchez Sebastián F. , Hsieh Bau-Ching , Masters Karen , Ramya S. , Lin Jing-Hua , Hsu Chin-Hao , Li Cheng , Maiolino Roberto , Bundy Kevin , Bizyaev Dmitry , Drory Niv , Ibarra-Medel Héctor , Lacerna Ivan , Haines Tim , Smethurst Rebecca , Stark David V. , Thomas Daniel
Published: December 2017

We study the role of cold gas in quenching star formation in the green valley by analyzing ALMA 12CO (1–0) observations of three galaxies with resolved optical spectroscopy from the MaNGA survey. We present resolution-matched maps of the star formation rate and molecular gas mass. These data are used to calculate the star formation efficiency (SFE) and gas fraction (

) for these galaxies separately in the central “bulge” regions and outer disks. We find that, for the two galaxies whose global specific star formation rate (sSFR) deviates most from the star formation main sequence, the gas fraction in the bulges is significantly lower than that in their disks, supporting an “inside-out” model of galaxy quenching. For the two galaxies where SFE can be reliably determined in the central regions, the bulges and disks share similar SFEs. This suggests that a decline in

 is the main driver of lowered sSFR in bulges compared to disks in green valley galaxies. Within the disks, there exist common correlations between the sSFR and SFE and between sSFR and

 on kiloparsec scales—the local SFE or

 in the disks declines with local sSFR. Our results support a picture in which the sSFR in bulges is primarily controlled by

, whereas both SFE and

 play a role in lowering the sSFR in disks. A larger sample is required to confirm if the trend established in this work is representative of the green valley as a whole.
The Highly Collimated Radio Jet of HH 80–81: Structure and Nonthermal Emission
Authors: Rodríguez-Kamenetzky Adriana , Carrasco-González Carlos , Araudo Anabella , Romero Gustavo E. , Torrelles José M. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Anglada Guillem , Martí Josep , Perucho Manel , Valotto Carlos
Published: December 2017

Radio emission from protostellar jets is usually dominated by free–free emission from thermal electrons. However, in some cases, it has been proposed that nonthermal emission could also be present. This additional contribution from nonthermal emission has been inferred through negative spectral indices at centimeter wavelengths in some regions of the radio jets. In the case of HH 80–81, one of the most powerful protostellar jets known, linearly polarized emission has also been detected, revealing that the nonthermal emission is of synchrotron nature from a population of relativistic particles in the jet. This result implies that an acceleration mechanism should be taking place in some parts of the jet. Here, we present new high sensitivity and high angular resolution radio observations at several wavelengths (in the 3–20 cm range) of the HH 80–81 radio jet. These new observations represent an improvement in sensitivity and angular resolution by a factor of ∼10 with respect to previous observations. This allows us to resolve the morphology of the radio jet and to study the different emission mechanisms involved through spectral index maps. We conclude that synchrotron emission in this jet arises from an extended component detected at low frequencies and from the termination points of the jet, where strong shocks against the ambient medium can produce efficient particle acceleration.
Three new minute leaf litter beetles discovered by citizen scientists in Maliau Basin, Malaysian Borneo (Coleoptera: Leiodidae, Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Schilthuizen Menno , Seip Lilian , Otani Sean , Suhaimi Jadda , Njunjić Iva
Published: December 2017

We coin the term "taxon expeditions" for citizen scientists' field courses to carry out publishable taxonomic work in close association with trained taxonomists.

During the first-ever taxon expedition, in Maliau Basin Studies Centre, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, the participants sampled leaf litter beetles from lowland dipterocarp forest using the Winkler apparatus. The collected material proved to contain at least three undescribed species of small-bodied (ca. 1 mm long) hemispherical litter-dwelling Coleoptera. As part of the field course work, taxonomic descriptions were prepared for the chrysomelid Clavicornaltica sabahensis sp. n. and the leiodids Colenisia chungi sp. n. and Dermatohomoeus maliauensis sp. n.
Parasomnias and Criminal Activity
Authors: Mundy Daniel S.
Published: December 2017

Parasomnias are a heterogeneous group of disorders that may result directly in criminal charges. This article provides a general description of these phenomena, the unique forensic aspects of parasomnia defenses, and an overview of accepted and contested approaches in the field of sleep forensic medicine. This article is intended for both general and forensic psychiatrists who might be called upon to provide expert testimony in a crime that originates from a sleep disorder.

[Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(12):588–592.]
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Criminal Defense
Authors: Westphal Alexander R. N. , Loftin Rachel
Published: December 2017

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are defined by a disability in social insight and communication, and the presence of restrictive and repetitive patterns of behavior. Aspects of these diagnostic criteria can be related to behaviors that generate legal problems for people with ASD. Defense strategies, including invoking the concept of counterfeit deviance and the insanity defense, may be considered in the legal representation of people with ASD accused of crimes.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(12):584–587.]
True enough. A reflexive approach to Tibetan hagiography within an ambiguous domain
Authors: Turek Magdalena Maria
Published: December 2017

Dans cet article, je reviens sur une situation de terrain dans l’est du Tibet, situation dans laquelle l’un de mes informateurs me ment. Depuis la révélation de ce mensonge et pendant toute la durée du travail ethnographique, j’ai tenté de dépasser ma position initiale naïve et post-positiviste concernant la « vérité ». Ce processus m’a conduit à découvrir de nombreuses « vérités » que je n’aurais pas approchées si le mensonge n’avait pas été proféré au départ. Dans une perspective plus théorique, je réfléchis à l’ambiguïté, la fictionnalité et l’hybridité de la relation entre soi et l’autre à partir de ce cas particulier. L’article explore aussi l’imbrication de l’ethnographe dans la réalité du terrain.
Dr Horrible’s Sing-Along Blog, ou le blues du super-méchant
Authors: Cornillon Claire
Published: December 2017

Dr Horrible’s Sing-Along Blog est une web-série créée par Joss Whedon qui combine un univers de super-héros avec des codes de la comédie musicale. A travers un palimpseste de références, la série construit une représentation de l’intériorité du personnage et dessine son itinéraire tragique. La série interroge la question de la fiction et de l’identité à travers la dualité entre Billy et sa persona de super-méchant Dr Horrible.
Livre et pouvoir des mots dans les séries de science-fiction
Authors: Favard Florent
Published: December 2017

Cet article s’intéresse à la représentation de l’objet livre dans des séries feuilletonnantes de science-fiction dont l’intrigue est construite de façon téléologique. Il s’agit d’explorer l’appui sur l’unité narrative et la mise en abyme de l’activité d’écriture que peuvent apporter les ouvrages centraux de Battlestar Galactica, Babylon 5 et Doctor Who ; l’article s’intéresse aussi à la tension générique du cliché du livre prophétique dans un univers de science-fiction, ainsi qu’à la dimension légitimante de l’objet.
Quand une série télévisée interroge et joue avec les textes sacrés… Ainsi soient-ils au prisme de l’intertextualité et de la métatextualité
Authors: Verdier Benoît
Published: December 2017

Dans une société marquée par la sécularisation, le concept d’ « exculturation » de Danielle Hervieu-Léger rend compte du processus de « dé-liaison », de déconnexion entre la culture collective et la culture de l’église. En outre, dans l’espace public, la religion se trouve régulièrement projetée sur le devant de la scène médiatique, notamment au regard de ses dysfonctionnements (secrets, affaires de pédophilie...). En 2012, une série télévisée française, Ainsi soient-ils, produite et diffusée par Arte, porte le religieux à une heure de large audience. Ponctuellement, les personnages citent de courts passages des écrits consacrés ; certaines biographies et études théologiques (de Saint Augustin notamment) sont évoquées. Viennent également dialoguer des textes ou des symboles de type profane.Cet article interroge cette fiction sérielle à travers le prisme de la littérature dite sacrée. Outre les représentations, nous questionnons également les différentes transactions métatextuelles, intertextuelles et interdiscursives qui se font jour tout au long des épisodes. L’objectif de cette contribution est de montrer la capacité d’une série à interroger, à jouer avec les textes sacrés – trop souvent fossilisés par le dogme et le rituel– pour proposer et susciter un questionnement critique social tant sur le croire contemporain que sur les rapports sociaux.
Jon Snow : le nouveau roi Arthur de Game of Thrones
Authors: Breton Justine
Published: December 2017

Bien que la Guerre des Deux Roses soit reconnue comme l’une des influences essentielles de Game of Thrones (HBO, 2011- ), certaines sources littéraires de la série demeurent dans l’ombre. Pourtant, la série adaptée des romans de George R. R. Martin, par définition née de l’écriture littéraire, présente d’importantes résurgences romanesques, en particulier lorsque l’on considère le célèbre texte de T.H.White, The Once and Future King (1938-1977), au regard du personnage de Jon Snow. L’œuvre de White retrace l’ascension d’Arthur de son enfance d’orphelin à la gloire puis la chute de la Table ronde. Si cette œuvre est peu connue du public français, elle demeure très célèbre dans les pays anglophones. Le parallèle entre les deux héros, Arthur et Jon, discret mais efficace, tant dans la diégèse que dans la structure de la série, offre une lecture nouvelle des scènes consacrées au bâtard Stark, et une approche éclairée de l’ensemble de la série. De son origine mystérieuse à son ascension militaire et sociale, habilement mise en scène tout au long de Game of Thrones, Jon semble suivre le même parcours que le roi Arthur. À travers le prisme de The Once and Future King, il est possible d’étudier l’évolution du personnage dans Game of Thrones, et d’établir ainsi quelques hypothèses sur son avenir. Les premières saisons forment le parcours initiatique de Jon Snow qui, à l’instar du jeune Arthur de White, vit des aventures formatrices participant à l’éducation d’un futur grand dirigeant. Postulats littéraires à l’appui, ce rapprochement permet de développer une lecture sérielle de l’œuvre de White, ainsi qu’une nouvelle analyse littéraire de Game of Thrones.
Monstrueuse convergence ? Penny Dreadful, ou la littérature à l’épreuve de la transmédialité
Authors: Lefait Sébastien
Published: December 2017

Qualifiée de monstrueux méli-mélo (monster mash) par la critique, Penny Dreadful (Showtime, 2014) combine savamment littérature et cinéma. La série fait se côtoyer Shakespeare et L’Exorciste, le Frankenstein de Mary Shelley et Le Fantôme de l’opéra, Le Portrait de Dorian Gray et Le Loup-Garou de Londres. Mais surtout, elle modifie considérablement les intrigues littéraires dont elle s’inspire. Pour ne prendre qu’un exemple, la relecture du mythe de Frankenstein qu’elle propose voit le protagoniste créer non pas un, mais deux monstres revenants, nommés Caliban et Protée. Devenus protéiformes, les personnages de la série s’écartent effrontément de leurs modèles originels pour tendre vers leurs avatars cinématographiques. En plus de confirmer la désuétude de la notion de fidélité en matière d’adaptation, cette approche déstabilisante force à s’interroger sur la culture contemporaine, et sur l’impact considérable qu’exercent la convergence et la transmédialité sur la littérature. À travers une étude de la réflexion métaculturelle que développe Penny Dreadful, cet article démontre que la série propose une analyse fine de la place du littéraire au sein des nouvelles formes médiatiques. En réduisant la littérature à l’état de trace pour mieux analyser les modalités de sa résurgence, elle suggère que la spectralité du littéraire est devenue essentielle à la fiction sous toutes ses formes, et donc à la littérature elle-même.
« This is not my hat », les accessoires de Sherlock, du canon à la série BBC
Authors: Machinal Hélène
Published: December 2017

Since 1887 and the publication of the Sherlock Holmes stories in the Strand, Doyle’s texts have been adapted, and those adaptations have been transmediatic, as exemplified in the early days of the process by Gillette’s play. The adaptability of the literary text has been continuous ever since. The last shows worth noting in that sense are TV series: Elementary and Sherlock.The point of this article will be to analyse the attibutes which allow such porosity between centuries, contexts, but also dictinct media, especially as adaptation from text to film raises questions within the narrative context of detective novels. Thus we will first focus on objects and attributes of the mythical figure of the detective to analyse the role they play in the making of that mythical dimension, before tackling adaptation as such in Moffat and Gatiss’ production, a fiction marked by irony and derision. What effect does such an ironic prism create on adaptation? Finally, we will ponder the dichotomy between continuity and rupture and the interaction between fiction and reality, a persisting facet of the canon since the 19th century which perdures with the new sleuth of the BBC Series.
Penny Dreadful ou comment la littérature peut-elle donner naissance à une série ?
Authors: Périer Isabelle
Published: December 2017

Penny Dreadful est presque un cas d’école pour qui se propose d’analyser les rapports entre les séries télévisées et la littérature : de l’intertextualité à la transfictionnalité, de la citation à l’allusion, de la littérature à l’objet-livre, elle brasse une quantité incroyable de références explicites ou implicites afin de donner naissance à un monde vacillant entre fantastique et horreur. C’est cette richesse que nous nous proposons d’étudier.L’intrigue et les personnages de la série sont édifiés sur une intertextualité affichée, qui brasse le Dracula de Bram Stoker, le Portrait de Dorian Gray d’Oscar Wilde et le Frankenstein de Mary Shelley. Cette simple énumération constitue un indice du traitement que la série leur réserve : elle s’en sert, plus qu’elle ne les sert, pour donner naissance à un univers transfictionnel où le spectateur doit naviguer entre le plaisir de la nouveauté et celui de la reconnaissance. Mais la série s’appuie également sur nombre de références littéraires hétérogènes, de Shakespeare au Grand Guignol, en passant par les poètes romantiques anglais ou le genre du « penny dreadful » qui lui permettent de tenir un métadiscours sur sa propre esthétique. Plus généralement encore, cette série est un tissu de réminiscences littéraires, alliant culture légitime (égyptomanie et spiritisme, chez Poe par exemple) et culture populaire (comics, jeux de rôle, culture victorienne de type steampunk…). Or, sur ce fond de références hétérogènes, se greffe une surreprésentation de l’objet-livre : cadeaux, bibliothèques, lettres, livre des morts… Au point qu’on pourra se demander en quoi ces différentes représentations du littéraire viennent appuyer le métadiscours produit par les références intertextuelles de la série.
« When you said sea hag, did you mean like old woman hag or evil magic hag?» : Imbrication du conte de fées et du (post)féminisme dans Charmed
Authors: Pichard Alexis
Published: December 2017

Cet article étudie la manière dont la série Charmed (theWB, 1998-2006) incorpore et réadapte les contes de fées dans sa diégèse. À travers une sélection d’épisodes, nous montrons que la série fantastique entretient un rapport étroit avec le conte de fées. Personnages, imageries et espaces : elle répond aux principales caractéristiques du genre littéraire auquel elle va rendre hommage à de nombreuses reprises. Si cette démarche de pastiche et de détournement participe de la nature postmoderne de Charmed, elle se double d’aspirations féministes. En effet, le renversement des rôles genrés traditionnels visant à réhabiliter la figure de l’héroïne devient le biais par lequel la subversion du genre littéraire va s’opérer. Néanmoins, il faudra s’interroger sur le terme même de féminisme : dans le cas de la série, parle-t-on plutôt de féminisme deuxième vague hérité des années 1960 ou bien de post-féminisme, en vogue depuis les années 1990 ?
Light Shadows: Loose Adaptations of Gothic Literature in American TV Series of the 1960s and early 1970s
Authors: Tredy Dennis
Published: December 2017

If today’s television landscape is ripe with Gothic or supernatural dramas (True Blood, Penny Dreadful, Supernatural), paranormal crime dramas (X-Files, Grimm) and, on children’s networks, animated or live-action sitcoms about monsters and ghouls trying to fit in at home or at school (Monster High, Every Witch Way), all of this programming can be traced back to its humble origins in the 1960s and 1970s. This study will focus on the creation of three different types of hybrid series that were aired during this early period and each of which attempted to combine supernatural characters and story-lines borrowed from traditional Gothic literature (and later from science fiction) with a different standard and rather conventional TV format. In the early 1960s, The Munsters on CBS and The Addams Family on ABC brought Gothic monsters and otherworldly misfits into the family sitcom. This was immediately followed by two successive contributions from TV producer-director Dan Curtis for ABC –first in the late sixties with Dark Shadows, the ‘Gothic soap opera’ that took the melodramatic afternoon serial format and spiced it up with dozens of overlapping subtexts on classic vampires, werewolves and witches, and then in the early seventies with two TV films that resulted in the first ‘paranormal investigation series’, Kolchak: The Night Stalker. In addition to analyzing the hybrid nature of these experimental programs and their rather light borrowing of literary icons in terms of adaptation, this study will also focus heavily on the context and television landscape into which these two-headed hybrids were born. To understand their countercultural value, one must first understand the type of programming that was dominant at the time, as well as the battle for dominance in those all-important Nielsen ratings that would drive certain networks to bolder experimentation. All three of these hybrid series were indeed the spoils of the Network Wars, and all involved third-place ABC’s attempt to overturn CBS’s unshakeable dominance through counter-programming and the targeting of new demographics. Finally, this article will also focus on the inherent paradox shared by these early ‘monster-mashes’, for at the time most of these series failed in terms of expected audience numbers, and all but Dark Shadows were canceled after one or two seasons. Yet, these series –though often camp if not unintentionally burlesque and with often laughably low production values by today’s standards –have still consistently grown in popularity over time, thanks to syndication, later reboots on TV and as feature films –making these initial hybrids and their off-the-wall characters cult icons today and leading to scores of current programs that readily admit to the significant influence of these early, low-budget experiments.
Gouvernance, efficacité et justice des instruments de politiques agricoles visant à favoriser la provision de services environnementaux : une analyse comparée entre Costa Rica et France (Guadeloupe)
Authors: Bonin Muriel , Coq Jean-Francois Le , Aznar Oliver , Saenz Fernando
Published: December 2017

Le programme de Reconnaissance des bénéfices environnementaux (« Reconocimiento de Beneficios Ambientales », RBA) au Costa Rica et les Mesures Agri-Environnementales (MAE) en France font partie des instruments incitatifs de politiques agricoles visant à protéger l’environnement. À partir d’une analyse comparée multicritère de l’application de ces deux instruments dans le Guanacaste au Costa Rica et en Guadeloupe en France, nous caractérisons les potentiels et les limites des politiques agricoles visant à favoriser la provision de services environnementaux en termes d’efficacité et de justice. Des enquêtes sont conduites auprès des gestionnaires et des bénéficiaires de ces instruments. Dans ces deux cas, la gouvernance reste dominée par des acteurs du secteur agricole et les programmes sont efficaces dans le sens où ils atteignent des objectifs qui étaient affichés (augmentation des pâturages améliorés pour le RBA, diminution de l’usage des pesticides pour les MAE). Cependant, l’additionnalité des programmes est incertaine. Les deux cas étudiés présentent des différences relatives à l’équité dans la distribution des fonds publics. Alors que le Costa Rica a mis en place des modalités concrètes et précises de plafonnement des aides, en France, dans le cas de la Guadeloupe, la répartition des fonds attribués aux MAE reproduit l’inégalité existante dans la répartition des fonds publics (le budget des MAE étant concentré sur les principales filières qui bénéficient déjà de l’essentiel des subventions). L’équité est apparue comme une préoccupation des gestionnaires et elle a induit des inflexions dans les modalités de mise en œuvre. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de la gouvernance dans l’orientation et les résultats obtenus par ces instruments incitatifs.
Chapman-Jouguet Combustion Waves in Van Der Waals and Noble-Abel Gases
Authors: Costa Fernando S. , Gonzáles César A. Q.
Published: December 2017

This chapter adopts the Chapman-Jouguet approach to derive jump conditions across combustion waves propagating in Van der Waals and Noble-Abel gases. The steady one-dimensional balance equations of mass, momentum and energy, assuming different properties of reactants and products, are applied to obtain the main properties of combustion waves, including velocities, Mach numbers, pressures and temperatures, in terms of the covolumes and intermolecular force parameters. In general, the effects of covolumes are more significant than the effects of the intermolecular attraction forces on Hugoniot curves and on properties of combustion waves. However, theoretical results using the Van der Waals equation of state matched more closely the experimental results for detonations of mixtures of propane and diluted air at high initial pressures.
Disintegration of Liquid Sheet Produced by Swirl Injector
Authors: Rocco Jr. Leopoldo
Published: December 2017

The development of liquid sheets that emerges from nozzles is influenced mainly by their initial speed and by the physical properties of the liquid and the ambient gas. A minimum speed of the sheet is necessary for its enlargement against the superficial tension that tends to contract the surface. As this speed increases, the sheet expands until a main extremity is formed, where balance exists among the superficial tension and the inertial forces. The form and regularity of the sheet's disintegration process has influence in the size distribution of the produced drop and in the Sauter mean diameter (SMD). The initial thickness of the produced liquid sheet is important to determine the medium size of obtained drops. It was observed that thicker films produce thicker ligaments and larger drops. The medium drop diameter produced in conical sheets of pressurized swirl atomizers is calculated according to the thickness of the sheets and in the wavelength for the maximum growth tax.
Solid Rocket Motor Internal Ballistics Simulation Considering Complex 3D Propellant Grain Geometries
Authors: Mejia Guilherme Lourenço
Published: December 2017

Solid rocket motors (SRM) are extensively employed in satellite launchers, missiles and gas generators. Design considers propulsive parameters with dimensional, manufacture, thermal and structural constraints. Solid propellant geometry and computation of its burning rate are essential for the calculation of pressure and thrust vs time curves. The propellant grain geometry changes during SRM burning are also important for structural integrity and analysis. A computational tool for tracking the propagation of tridimensional interfaces and shapes is then necessary. In this sense, the objective of this work is to present the developed computational tool (named RSIM) to simulate the burning surface regression during the combustion process of a solid propellant. The SRM internal ballistics simulation is based on 3D propagation, using the level set method approach. Geometrical and thermodynamic data are used as input for the computation, while simulation results of geometry and chamber pressure versus time are presented in test cases.