bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coaching as a global approach to the development of skills in various fields including HORECA and academics
Authors: Seemann Peter , Stofkova Zuzana
Published: December 2021

Research background: The paper deals with coaching as one of the methods of developing a manager's personality in many fields including the Horeca sector and academics. Academic field also faces challenges like decreasing number of applicants, little application of graduates in the studied fields and quality of education process too.

Purpose of the article: The aim of the research was to analyze the awareness and interest in the coaching approach in the HoReCa sector. The purpose was to find out whether managers perceive the existence of coaching as one of the possible approaches to the development of a person's personality. Furthermore we wanted to show the possibilities to embody coaching approach also to academic field.

Methods: Within the research for quantitative survey methods, a questionnaire is most often used, in which it is important to obtain the necessary number of answers from respondents. Other methods belonging to this group are experiment or observation. An interview was used in the article as well as analysis of current coaching activities in academia.

Findings & Value added: From the achieved results of the questionnaire survey, it is possible to confirm several facts. It was found that the interest in coaching approach among managers in the HoReCa sector is present because more than half of the respondents answered in the affirmative, i.e. that they are interested in coaching. Respondents clearly think that coaching is a suitable method of developing a manager's personality. Some coaching activities e.g., workshops also took place in the academic field.
Transposition of transnational requirements relating to the protection of personal data and the security of information communicated in a global space while taking into account the groundswell concept
Authors: Madleňák Adam , Švec Marek
Published: December 2021

Research background: The adoption of the GDPR Regulation prompted the introduction of a unified regulation on the protection of personal data and highlighted the need to implement security measures relating to information disseminated across businesses operating in several mainly European countries. In practice, the adopted internal standards at the group level are expected to be introduced to the internal environment of individual local subsidiaries. The need to take into account specificities of national legal systems, as well as a specific environment capable of creating a secondary response - a groundswell has also became important. The legal framework of privacy protection in relation to the confidentiality of information disclosed by employers thus represents a fundamental challenge for the interaction between global requirements and local legislation, taking into account the specific assumptions of the business entity concerned.

Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to describe the range of problems and solutions regarding the process of introducing internal processes of business entities in terms of data security. Moreover, the paper also pays attention to personal data protection legislation.

Methods: In an effort to achieve the set goal, the authors used analytical, inductive, deductive and comparative research methods in order to identify areas of problems in relation to intrusion into the privacy of individuals in the online environment and internal communication channels. By synthesising knowledge published in domestic and foreign literature it was possible to draw up the key terminology.

Findings & Value added: The experience of the authors in setting up the internal environment of business entities with regard to the issues in question (personal data protection and security of information disclosed in connection with the decision-making power of national regulators) contributes to the knowledge in the given field.
Optimization potential of the Digital Transformation program in EU top transportation company
Authors: Popovs Aleksandrs , Drinke Zane
Published: December 2021

Research background: We are living in complex and uncertain times and nowadays no one is doubting the DT expediency in order to support business transformation process or to boost agility for the new reality adoption and coping with the Crisis

Purpose of the article: The aim of this study was to explore and assess Digital Transformation journey by one of Europe's largest transport companies – Girteka Logistics, in change environment and under uncertainty. The study collects data from the company’s Digital Transformation program, enabled by SAP solutions, insides from the Digital Transformation program internal and external teams.

Methods: Within the study empirical research with descriptive research method was carried out using qualitative and quantitative observation methods. As the study is only about one company, the statistical population represents most of the Digital Transformation program team members. The data collection happened by the online questionary and afterward through the interviews with the key respondents to validate and extend gathered data.

Second part of the data gathered is from Girteka’s Digital Transformation program documentation. The data collection happened by the documentation analysis and information consolidation.

Findings & Value added: As the result of the study the antifragile generic hand-on Digital Transformation program roadmap was created and number of aspects were highlighted to be considered for the potential future research, like internal transformation team competency level requirements, expert labor marker and transformation partners situation as enabler for the companies’ digital transformation, process for the digital transformation program and overall business KPI definition to be used as transformation execution success indicator.
Factors Affecting COVID 19 - related CSR Activities of Slovak Companies
Authors: Kozakova Jana
Published: December 2021

Research background: The socio-economic consequences of Covid-19 pandemic are visible through changes in the business sector. Companies took various steps to their elimination primarily by protection of employees which went beyond the ordinary legal norms. Therefore, these activities can be described as socially responsible. In Slovakia, CSR is the domain of multinational companies which transfer modern managerial tools to their foreign branches as it is in case of pandemic-related activities.

Purpose of the article: Study examined 191 Slovak subsidiaries of foreign multinationals with the purpose to describe factors (legal form, residence in Slovakia, year of establishment, share of foreign ownership, woman in the board) which affecting their COVID-19 related CSR activities (cleanliness, protective equipment, social distancing, prevention, local community, extra benefits).

Methods: Procedure based on the Shapiro Wilk test of normality which verify a normal distribution of sample. Next the Durbin–Watson test confirmed no autocorrelation between set variables. After the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was applied with the assumption of statistically significant differences between variables and subsequent Bonferroni post hoc test found relationship between them.

Findings & Value added: Study shows the level of emphasis companies place on CSR activities related to COVID-19. Analysis enlightens the differences in this emphasis in case of providing protective equipment between companies of various capital structure. Also, there were differences in prevention between companies of various legal form and predominant gender in the board. Lastly the difference was found in providing extra benefits in companies of differ year of establishment.
Bibliometric analysis of publications on corporate social responsibility and COVID-19
Authors: Vasenska Ivanka , Krastev Vladislav , Koyundzhiyska-Davidkova Blagovesta
Published: December 2021

Research background: The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has affected to vary degrees the way of life of global society and the country’s economies. Subsequent social, economic, and political crises inevitably provoke part of the scientific community to focus their research interest, towards COVID-19 impact. The pandemic may have encouraged companies and policy makers to further revise the existing corporate social responsibility, apart from adjusting to the ongoing crisis and what is more to establish resilience for similar future shocks.

Purpose of the article: The purpose of the current research is to perform bibliometric analyse on the scientific papers linking COVID-19 regarding the corporate social responsibility and to elaborate the basis for future research. The aim of the article was derived from the fact that so far there are limited if no research done on the topic.

Methods: The main method applied in the current study is the bibliometric, which identified 186 relevant articles in the Web of Science and 172 in Scopus databases. The information resources of both databases were used in order to gain the databank required for the research by selecting the following keywords: “Social corporate responsibility” and “COVID-19”. The results have been visualised and analysed via VOSviewer.

Findings & Value added: The findings include bibliometric analysis on the existing knowledge on corporate social responsibility during the COVID-19 crisis. The research can be used as a model for data analysis of similar type of research.
Aspects of globalization of employment in the European Union
Authors: Angheluță Petrică Sorin , Platagea Gombos Svetlana , Rotaru Ciprian , Kant Anna
Published: December 2021

Research background: The influence exerted by globalization manifests predominantly in field of employment. The challenges generated by this process are amplified by technological developments. Facilities of movement and establishment in various regions, and the new opportunities for conducting professional activities, have led to increased mobility of employment. Globalization has led to a growing interest of businesses to operate outside their own country.

Purpose of the article: In the current context, the purpose of the article is to analyze whether in the field of employment there is a tendency to increase the share of persons employed in enterprises controlled from outside the EU in total EU employment.

Methods: The article presents the comparative situation of the number of persons employed for enterprises controlled from outside the EU. The article also presents an analysis of the number of persons employed for enterprises controlled from inside the European Union.

Findings & Value added: Following the analysis, there is an increase in employment in enterprises controlled from inside the EU in total EU employment. Also, depending on the economic activity, there is a higher distribution for the following economic activities: Manufacturing, Wholesale and retail trade, Administrative and support service activities, Information and communication, Transportation and storage. Regarding the comparative situation of the number of employed persons for enterprises controlled by all countries of the world for total business economy, except financial and insurance activities, a number of over 5 million employed persons was registered in 6 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Poland, Netherlands). Regarding the situation of the foreign control of enterprises by economic activity, controlled by all countries of the world for total business economy, except financial and insurance activities, at the level of the European Union the economic activities in which more than 10 million people are employed are: Manufacturing, Wholesale and retail trade, Administrative and support service activities, Construction, Professional, scientific and technical activities, Accommodation and food service activities and Transportation and storage.
Comparison of the effectiveness of municipal police activities in two municipalities
Authors: Durica Jakub , Soltes Viktor
Published: December 2021

Research background:Security and protection of public order should be a priority in every municipality. Just as residents protect their homes, so municipality should protect regional self-government buildings, public places such as, squares, parks and playgrounds. Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic is reducing the budget of the municipality, which also it should reduced the budget for the activities of municipal police.

Purpose of the article:The study deals with the analysis of municipal police budget for the last 5 years and the analysis of municipal police interventions in each of these years. Subsequently, a correlation will be created between the annual budget of the municipal police and the number of interventions in the relevant year. The main objective will be to assess whether the number of municipal police interventions in one year depends on the annual budget.

Methods:The mentioned analysis of publicly available sources and correlation to determine the dependence between two variables will be used to prepare the article. Synthesis, induction and deduction will also be used..

Findings & Value added:The result of the study can be used by municipalities to create a municipal budget and determine the amount of the municipal police budget so that its activities are as effective as possible. The study will also provide an overview of municipal police interventions in recent years, from which it is possible to predict the number of interventions in the coming period.
Competitiveness of healthcare institutions of regional clusters in the global crises era of COVID-19
Authors: Pashkus Natalia , Starobinskaya Nadegzda , Shvetc Petr
Published: December 2021

Background of the study: In the current situation of the global COVID-19 pandemic the role of a strong medical cluster operating in a specific territory in a specific region or even in a country is incredibly increasing. A strong regional medical cluster in these conditions determines the level of health of the population, the ability to cope with the serious challenges of the pandemic and minimize its negative consequences, both the health of citizens and the economy of the region.

Purpose of the article: The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that have the strongest impact on the competitiveness of medical organizations in the region in the new conditions of a pandemic and its consequences, as well as to identify promising mechanisms for its assessment and ranking.

Methods: In this work, methods of statistical, strategic and matrix analysis are used, on the basis of which the factors of competitiveness of healthcare organizations in the region can be determined and ranked, which makes it possible, by ranking, to identify the most significant of them during the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences.

Findings & Value added: The results of this study made it possible to test new mechanisms for assessing the competitiveness of healthcare institutions in the new conditions of a pandemic and to study the influence of the most significant factors of competitiveness on the regional and global competitiveness of the region in the conditions of COVID-19.
Cluster analysis of decarbonisation of the regional economy in the context of the potential of united territorial communities and the alter global vector of development
Authors: Trofymenko Olena , Voitko Serhii , Mokiy Anatoliy , Ilyash Оlha , Kuzminska Nataliia
Published: December 2021

Research background: The article examines the peculiarities of the economy decarbonisation in Ukraine’s regions using cluster analysis, which helped to determine the composition of clusters of regions with a similar level of the economy decarbonisation and common features. The study takes into account specific indicators. Close attention is paid to the study of the dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere from stationary sources per unit of gross regional product in certain clusters and to the identification of factors and measures to reduce them. The development of energy innovations is identified as a key area for decarbonisation of regional economies. The role of decentralization reform is analysed and regarded as a factor in the growth of decarbonisation and development of energy projects in united territorial communities, which, in general, increases the level of effectiveness of the regional policy on innovative development of the energy sector.

Purpose of the article: to identify key factors in the growth of decarbonisation of the economy of the regions.

Methods: general scientific methods were used, the main of which are: cluster analysis – to identify clusters of regions with a similar level of decarbonisation of the economy, system analysis – to apply a comprehensive approach to the study of factors influencing the growth of decarbonisation of the economy and determining an effective balanced regional policy towards innovative development of the energy sector.

Findings & Value added: The directions of balancing the regional policy towards ensuring innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy in the conditions of Industry 4.0 are determined.
Significance of The Regional Product Labelling for Sustainable Development in Context of Globalization
Authors: Varvazovska Pavla , Regnerova Olga , Salkova Daniela
Published: December 2021

Research background: Impacts of the environmental burden on our society are more and more acute. Especially in context of globalization and recent COVID-19 Pandemic, principles, instruments and forms of enviromental policies are crucial for an effective solution of the situation. It is necessary to apply these policies at local, state and global levels.

Purpose of the article: Effective communication, well aimed propaganda and relevant feed back can be considered as useful tools of action. As one of the best suitable instruments for an effective influence of citizens can be seen the use of quality labels given on the consumer products in order to support local and state economy and social integration with direct influence on territorial cohesion. In the same time, environmental education of citizens can be achieved.

Methods: Data used in this article has been gained through a questionnaire analysis, focusing on the attitudes of respondents towards quality labels and their knowledge and preferences during their shopping decisions. Quality logos shall therefore contribute to an easier orientation on the market. Rules for the coplementary logos granting must be incommutable while respecting the evidently positive impact on sustainable teritorial development.

Findings & Value added: In context with the recent COVID-19 Pandemic, when the Czech as well as global economy will be weakend, is in the highest interest of each state to run a healthy economic strategy. And only a just support of small and middle enterprise, with a positive appeal on patriotism and sense of belonging together will play a key role. As confirmed recently, dependence on foreign imports is ineffective and undesirable, causing negative impacts on citizens lives.
Global challenges of students dropout: A prediction model development using machine learning algorithms on higher education datasets
Authors: Amare Meseret Yihun , Simonova Stanislava
Published: December 2021

Research background: In this era of globalization, data growth in research and educational communities have shown an increase in analysis accuracy, benefits dropout detection, academic status prediction, and trend analysis. However, the analysis accuracy is low when the quality of educational data is incomplete. Moreover, the current approaches on dropout prediction cannot utilize available sources.

Purpose of the article: This article aims to develop a prediction model for students’ dropout prediction using machine learning techniques.

Methods: The study used machine learning methods to identify early dropouts of students during their study. The performance of different machine learning methods was evaluated using accuracy, precision, support, and f-score methods. The algorithm that best suits the datasets for these performance measurements was used to create the best prediction model.

Findings & value added: This study contributes to tackling the current global challenges of student dropouts from their study. The developed prediction model allows higher education institutions to target students who are likely to dropout and intervene timely to improve retention rates and quality of education. It can also help the institutions to plan resources in advance for the coming academic semester and allocate it appropriately. Generally, the learning analytics prediction model would allow higher education institutions to target students who are likely to dropout and intervene timely to improve retention rates and quality of education.
How does renewable energy consumption affect economic growth? Evidence from the European Union countries
Authors: Davidson Natalia , Maksimova Elizaveta , Mariev Oleg
Published: December 2021

Research background:Fossil fuels are used at such a high rate that they are currently being depleted. Moreover, they are associated with a greenhouse effect leading to global warming. Meanwhile, green energy is naturally replenished and fosters sustainable development (Nelson and Starcher, 2015). However, the empirical evidence of the impact of green energy on economic growth is controversial (Adewuyi and Awodumi, 2017; Chen et al., 2020; Destek and Aslan, 2017; Zafar et al., 2018).

Purpose of the article:This paper analyses the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth in the European Union (EU) countries. This is important in line with the goals of EU to shift towards green energy during the coming years (Directive (EU) 2018/2001).

Methods:We use data ofthe World BankandOur World in Dataover 1990 to 2015 for 28 EU countries. We estimate the impact of renewable energy consumption on the countries’ gross domestic product. The control variables are labor force, research and development, and foreign direct investment. We apply the pooled mean group, mean group, the dynamic fixed effect estimators (Pesaran, 1997; Pesaran et al., 1999), and generalized method of moments (Arellano & Bond, 1991).

Findings & Value added:Results show that the renewable energy consumption positively affects economic growth of the EU countries. We contribute by shedding light on the possibility to develop renewable energy, while achieving economic growth. The results have important implications for economic policy.
How does the pandemic has affected the economic sustainability of Textile industry in France?
Authors: Santos Eleonora
Published: December 2021

Research background: France is one of the leading textile manufacturers in Europe. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the current practices in the industry. The lack of crisis management characterized by delayed payments, order cancellations, fixed costs, and other unpredictable expenses, turned it difficult for firms to guarantee liquidity and to preserve their economic sustainability.

Purpose of the article: To analyse how the pandemic has affected the economic sustainability of Textile industry in France.

Methods: Using the financial reports of 57 French firms operating in Textile industry, in 2018-2020, from ORBIS, a financial analysis is performed using the ratios of profitability, liquidity and indebtedness, as well as the profit margin and labour productivity to evaluate how these firms have been tackling the challenges of the recent crisis; and, thus, evaluate their economic sustainability.

Findings & Value added: Results suggest that micro firms and SMEs have better financial profitability, display higher levels of liquidity, are less indebted and are more capable to increase their profit margins. Yet, the larger firm shows a higher level of labour productivity, followed by the micro enterprises. Thus, smaller French textile firms appear to be more economically sustainable during the pandemic. This might suggest that smaller firms are more flexible, resilient, and capable to quickly adapt their operations to market’s needs. Such findings provide policy insights on the implementation of the appropriate strategies during times of crisis.
The global trend towards decarbonization of the economy, the introduction of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism in the EU and the possible consequences for Russia
Authors: Urazgaliev Vladimir Sh. , Andrey V. Novikov , Galina A. Menshikova
Published: December 2021

Research background: In the process of implementing the Paris Agreement (2015), Europe is a leader in the formation of new legislative initiatives in order to develop a set of effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The European Commission approved the European Green Deal (2015) - a strategy for achieving the EU parameters of climate neutrality through the transition to a clean circular economy. Its main goal is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 by 50 - 55% from 1990 levels and achieve full carbon neutrality of the EU by 2050. As part of this strategy, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is being developed. The introduction of CBAM means a revolutionary transformation in the system of international economic relations.

Purpose of the article is to identify and assess possible risks for producers and consumers, primarily of energy products after the introduction of CBAM, as well as the impact of these risks on Russian exports to Europe.

Methods: The authors carried out a comparative analysis of scenarios for the implementation of CBAM in the sectorial and product segments of trade between Russia and the EU.

Findings: The article contains comparative assessments of the beginning redistribution of international markets in the sectoral and product coverage of emissions, as well as an analysis of the unfolding contradictions in the verification of methods for determining the carbon footprint in the production chains of the real sector of the economy.
Combating global challenges – climate change, biodiversity loss and poverty simultaneously: Unachievable goal or the only way forward?
Authors: Vasiliev Denis
Published: December 2021

Research background: Globally climate action is gaining momentum. Most significant players on global political arena including the US, the EU and China are actively engaging in addressing the problem of climate change. Sustainable development agenda implies the need to simultaneously reduce harmful impacts of anthropogenic activity on natural ecosystems, reduce poverty and combat global heating. However, when pursuing these three targets often complicated trade-offs emerge. These trade-offs are especially pronounced when competing land-uses are considered. Recent global assessments suggest that the world is failing to slow down biodiversity loss, poverty is going to soar in the nearest future, and global heating is likely to reach temperature limit. All these problems need to be addressed in nearest few decades. The task may seem overwhelming, especially without a clear roadmap.

Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to critically evaluate approaches to climate mitigation, detect trade-offs and synergies with biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation goals and find the optimal strategies capable to resolve all these problems together.

Methods: Conceptual research approach - theory adaptation was used.

Findings & Value added: Findings of present study suggest that in order to achieve sustainable development only climate actions that benefit biodiversity conservation should be implemented. In case biodiversity is supported by global initiatives it is likely that poverty will be reduced due to sustained provision of ecosystem services, underpinning human wellbeing. Policy recommendations are provided that could help tailoring climate actions to support biodiversity conservation and reduce poverty.
Globalization – the source of new crises
Authors: Hes Aleš
Published: December 2021

Research background: Globalization not only benefits national and corporate companies, but also brings together a new threat in the form of new, as yet unexplored crises. A company that is economically connected with suppliers of foreign companies may find itself in a very unpleasant situation due to a global pandemic and may not meet its marketing goals. The article analyzes the given fact and looks for real starting points through greater involvement of modern communication technologies. Modern communication technologies can help with the growing negative impacts of global trade on national economies and society. It is possible to prevent conflict situations through communication activities and find compromise solutions to possible crises (COVID ´19).

Purpose of the article: Based on analytical reasoning, the article attempts to find real ways to minimize the negative impacts of global trade on the needs and interests of national economies using modern digital communication technologies.

Methods: The main methods used are structured analysis of real facts concerning the effects of globalization on national economic interests, cognitive description of facts, as well as methods of synthesis, logical and deductive procedures to examine communication paths leading to minimizing the effects of globalization on modern society.

Findings & Value added: The article will present the causes of the selected crisis situation and provide general recommendations for mitigating the negative impacts of global trade on society and national economic interests.
Global trends in increasing the level of psychological protection during decompression in the context of NATO’s international experience
Authors: Yarmolchyk Maria
Published: December 2021

Research background: World processes of society development are closely connected with many aspects and spheres. World peace, a life without war, is a global goal that is an international goal. An important role in this issue is played by servicemen who defend their country, while sacrificing their own health and lives. Research on the psychology of servicemen is necessary in general in all countries, because psychological disorders occur in absolutely everyone.

Coping is a strategy of behavior in complex stressful situations, which is chosen by servicemen to deal with stress. This is a kind of response of the psyche, which is an adaptive mechanism at the time of negative impact. The choice of coping strategies is determined by a number of personality traits that determine the dominant pattern of behavior of a particular serviceman during decompression.

Purpose of the article: is to study the personality traits of servicemen, which determine the choice of coping strategies during decompression activities.

Methods: research methods are theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization), empirical (surveys, observations, testing, interviews), methods of mathematical statistics (to establish the type of data distribution -Kolmogorov-Smirnov criteria, to establish connections - Pearson's criterion, Student's criterion, multiple regression analysis - Fischer's criterion).

Findings & Value added: The personal determinants of the choice of coping strategies by servicemen during decompression are established. The obtained results of empirical research form the basis for the psychological technology of development of personal determinants of the choice of effective coping strategies of servicemen at the stage of decompression.
The impact of globalization on transport investment
Authors: Dobre Florin , Pauna Valentin , Vasilescu Alexandru Cristian , Buzoianu Ovidiu Andrei Cristian
Published: December 2021

Research background: The economic impact of investing in new transport capacity or improving existing ones is complex and often indirect. Loans for infrastructure are often needed, but they cannot create sufficient conditions for economic growth. Investments in transport infrastructure require public funding. An assessment of their cost-effectiveness is needed to ensure a reasonable and acceptable allocation. Relevant economic, environmental and social effects must be taken into account. There is a growing concern in the transport sector about decisions on the development of the transport system and the effects of scale and externalities they produce. Planners and decision-makers need to know more about the wider economic impact of individual infrastructure projects and transport policies in general.

Purpose of the article: This paper aims to present the most important theoretical and practical aspects of the importance of transport investment worldwide, at European level and Romania. Investments in transport infrastructure will not improve the economic vitality of a region unless it has sufficient economic capacity and employment, land use and economic development policies.

Methods: This article starts from the hypothesis of the influence of globalization on the development of transport systems in general and applies as a case study on Romania. The paper was based on the analysis of transport legislation, as well as data sets for the period 2011-2019, to observe the gradual development of all types of transport.

Findings & Value added: Following these researches, the link between globalization and investments in transport systems was found by emphasizing accessibility to new infrastructures, new horizons and development plans for the main types of transport, which is a key element in economic activity. The main results were disseminated throughout the article and it adds value through the analysis created at global and regional level (at European level) and the interpretation of statistical data related to transport investments.
Research on the relationship between the demand for suburban bus transport and the number of registered passenger cars in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Konečný Vladimír , Brídziková Mária
Published: December 2021

In recent years a trend of increasing individual car transport is seen in the traffic at the expense of public passenger transport. This adverse development has negative effects on the environment and human health as well. This manuscript aims to prove the declining demand for bus transport in individual self-governing regions in the Slovak Republic and at the same time the increase in the share of individual car transport. The increase in individual car transport has, above all, a negative impact on passenger demand for ordinary fares, as the population has the choice of using the services of a particular operator or their own passenger car to make their journeys. From the side of government or individual self-governing regions as contracting authority of transport services must be an effort to reverse this unfavorable situation, as the number of registered passenger cars is one of the important factors that affects the demand for suburban bus transport. The authorities can support suburban bus transport in front of the individual car transport through strategic documents such as „Strategic plan for the development of public passenger transport”.
From pandemic crisis to Rational Localization and optimal Logistics of Development
Authors: Vladimirovna Kurbatova Anna , Sergeevna Kurbatova Ekaterina , Majercak Jozef , Petrovna Tereshina Natalia
Published: December 2021

Research background: The aim of the scientific contribution is to analyze the current position of the Russian economy in the context of other countries. The article consists of a deduction of the current position of the Russian Federation and the subsequent proposal to continue the fight against the COVID-19 crisis.

Purpose of the article: Using the analysis of available sources of scientific research, the analysis of the current position of the Russian economy in the context of other countries. The paper offers basic recommended goals for further progress in the time of a pandemic.

Methods: The coronavirus pandemic has turned the world into a new reality. It showed the weaknesses and strengths of states, their constitutional structures, economic and social models. The post-pandemic world will be different, significantly different from the current one. And this pandemic will not be an exception, but will become one of a series of past and future world problems. And the world must be prepared to meet them. It is necessary to learn how to manage the development of large-scale systems at various levels from internal regions, states and to the world economic and political system as a whole. States must learn how to manage in a critical situation so as not to expose their peoples to significant disasters, much less extinction. They should establish mechanisms to predict and combat undesirable hazards. Using the scientific method of analysis of available resources, the authors analyzed the current position of the Russian Federation in relation to selected economies of the world. By synthesizing the knowledge and subsequent deduction, the authors propose further recommendations and steps in the time of the COVID-19 crisis.

Findings & Value added: The pandemic that led the world to a crisis of health and survival, economy and trust has shown how much the world needs to be improved. At the same time, it clearly showed what strategic directions Russia needs to move in order to save its people, its territory, and strengthen itself in the top three world economic leaders. And if the strategies are clear, and the tasks are defined, then the matter remains only for their implementation.
Travel Time Estimation as a Global Trend in the Analysis of Innovative Transportation Projects
Authors: Romanov Alexey , Lyakina Maria
Published: December 2021

Research background: The problem of evaluating the results of innovative transport technologies is extremely important for their implementation and realization. The assessment of possible benefits of innovative transport projects is complicated by a number of circumstances. These include a wide range of arising effects in various forms and the long life cycle of the project, which increases the difficulty of reliably measuring the various costs and results. Thus, it can be argued that outdated approaches and methods for assessing the new transport products hinder the development of innovations.

Purpose of the article: to identify directions for assessing the travel time value in the analysis of the transportation projects economic efficiency.

Methods: The study was conducted by means of scientific methods such as the comparative analysis, system method, generalization and abstraction. Also, we use the results of expert assessments based on depth-in interviews.

Findings & Value added: The article substantiates the necessity of taking into account the incremental benefits for passengers from travel time reduction as the most important aspect of transport projects implementation, ensuring the formation of the whole range of external social and economic effects;

The multi-factor dependence of the travel time value for a passenger, which is characterised by its heterogeneity during a journey, has been substantiated. The necessity of assessing changes of travel time values in the general transport costs of passengers has been substantiated, taking into account the several factors that lead to different time values.

A visual model of the socio-economic effects formation of the HSR project, caused by changes in the passengers’ total transport costs and increased transport accessibility of the region, is proposed.
Säugling und Zeitgeist – ein Blick in historische
Wiegekarten
Authors: Singer Dominique
Published: December 2021

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,

das vorliegende „Jahresabschlussheft“ der Zeitschrift für
Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (ZGN) enthält in der Rubrik
„Geschichte der Perinatalmedizin“ einen Beitrag, der einmal mehr die
Einflüsse des Zeitgeistes auf die Versorgung des Säuglings erkennen
lässt. Die Autoren M. David und A. D. Ebert, die die Zeitschrift
dankenswerterweise mit medizingeschichtlichen Schlaglichtern bereichern, vermitteln
hier einen Einblick in Wiegekarten, wie sie Mitte der 1950er Jahre in der ehemaligen
DDR und der BRD verteilt wurden, um nicht nur die Gewichtsentwicklung des
Säuglings zu dokumentieren, sondern auch Ratschläge zur
Gesundheitsvorsorge zu propagieren. Während auf dem Einband der Version West
unter der Schlagzeile „Gut vorwärts hilft …“
Werbung für eine Vollkornnahrung platziert war, die „ohne
Überfütterung des Säuglings in zahlreichen Kliniken im
Gebrauch“ sei, fanden sich in der Version Ost unter dem Appell
„Mutter, wenn Du Dein Kind lieb hast und es behalten willst, dann
stille es selbst!“ umfängliche Belehrungen über die
Vorzüge der Muttermilch. Ein originelles Zeugnis der jeweiligen
gesellschaftspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen (und differenten Einstellungen zur
Säuglingsernährung) also, welches uns hier unter dem Mantel der
Elternaufklärung begegnet.
The Role of Delivery Route on Colostrum Melatonin and Serum Il-6
Levels: a Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Çalışkan Canan , Çelik Samettin , Hatirnaz Safak , Çelik Handan , Avcı Bahattin , Tinelli Andrea
Published: December 2021

Introduction the aim of this study was to determine whether maternal serum
IL-6 and postnatal melatonin levels change with the mode of delivery.

Materials and Methods a prospective controlled study was performed on
pregnant women (17–43 years) over 37 weeks of pregnancy. Patients were
divided into three groups according to the route of delivery: Group 1) 30 women
delivering by vaginal route; Group 2) 30 delivering by iterative cesarean
section (CS); Group 3) delivering by emergency CS. Maternal serum IL-6 levels
were measured before and after delivery, and maternal colostrum melatonin levels
after delivery, and the results between the 3 groups compared.

Results pre-delivery and post-delivery maternal serum IL-6 levels were
significantly higher in patients who delivered vaginally than in patients who
delivered by the abdominal route (p<0.01). Maternal colostrum melatonin
levels of patients after delivery were significantly higher in patients who
delivered vaginally (32.88±7.16 ng/L) than in patients
who delivered by elective and emergent cesarean deliveries
(24.86±2.40 ng/L and
23.73±4.03 ng/L, respectively) (p<0.01).

Conclusion These data support, should there ever be a further need, the
benefit of vaginal delivery over cesarean section, in which cytokine and
melatonin levels are reduced compared to vaginal delivery.
Differentialdiagnostik intraorbitaler Raumforderungen – eine Übersicht
Authors: Jungbauer Frederic , Gvaramia David , Huber Lena , Kramer Benedikt , Ponto Katharina A. , Popovic Zoran , Riffel Philipp , Rotter Nicole , Scherl Claudia , Zaubitzer Lena , Lammert Anne
Published: December 2021

Hintergrund Aufgrund der unmittelbaren Nähe zum visuellen System stellen intraorbitale Raumforderungen eine Bedrohung für den Patienten und eine besondere Herausforderung für jede in Diagnostik und Therapie involvierte Fachdisziplin dar.

Material/Methoden Narratives Review mit Diskussion von relevanten Originalarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen. Zur Veranschaulichung beschreiben wir den Fall eines 71-jährigen Patienten, der 3 Monate nach einer Nasennebenhöhlenoperation in unserer Abteilung aufgenommen wurde. Ein postoperatives intraorbitales Hämatom der rechten Orbita war extern konservativ mit Antibiotika/Kortikosteroiden behandelt worden, was zu einem nahezu vollständigen einseitigen Sehverlust geführt hatte. Die folglich durchgeführte Orbita- und Optikusdekompression verhinderte nicht die Bildung eines intraorbitalen Lipogranuloms. Gegenwärtig werden die damit verbundenen rezidivierenden Entzündungsphasen erfolgreich konservativ auf der Grundlage multidisziplinärer Empfehlungen behandelt.

Ergebnisse In dem berichteten Fall mündete eine verzögerte Orbita- und Optikusdekompression bei retrobulbärem Hämatom nach Nasennebenhöhlenoperation in der Bildung eines intraorbitalen Lipogranuloms. Die Literatur unterstützt unsere Empfehlung einer sofortigen chirurgischen Intervention im Falle eines akuten retrobulbären Hämatoms. Neben akuten Zuständen können intraorbitale Raumforderungen Zeichen systemischer Erkrankungen sein. In jedem Fall ist ein multidisziplinärer Therapieansatz für ein adäquates Management erforderlich.

Schlussfolgerung Intraorbitale Raumforderungen können u.a. als akute Komplikation nach Nasennebenhöhlenoperationen auftreten oder Zeichen maligner Entartung und chronischer Erkrankungen sein. Differenzialdiagnostische Kenntnisse zu intraorbitalen Raumforderungen sind daher für jede im Kopf-Hals-Bereich tätige Fachdisziplin unerlässlich.
Relationship of Arterial Changes in Acute Pancreatitis on CT Angiography with Modified CT Severity Index
Authors: Vermani Sanya , Kaushal Aditya , Kaur Arshpreet , Singla Mohit
Published: December 2021

Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of arterial changes in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) on computed tomography angiography (CTA) and determine their association with etiology of AP, presence of necrosis, collections and severity of AP.

Materials and Methods A total of 50 patients (20 women, 30 men; mean age: 43.04 ± 13.98; age range: 18–77 years) with AP underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and CTA of abdomen, which was evaluated for necrosis and fluid collection (s). On CTA, splanchnic arterial structures were assessed for vascular complications. Association between vascular changes and presence of necrosis, fluid collections, etiology of AP and severity of AP (as assessed by modified computed tomography severity index CTSI) was determined.

Results Arterial complications were seen in 28 percent (14/50). The most frequently involved artery was superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (12 percent), followed by splenic artery (8 percent) and right gastric artery (8 percent; Fig. 1). No significant association was seen between arterial changes and gallstone or alcohol-induced AP. Arterial changes showed a significant association with presence of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), presence of collections and severe AP (CTSI 8–10) (p < 0.05 for each).

Conclusion Arterial changes on CTA are frequently seen in patients of AP having ANP. There is a significant association between arterial changes and presence of necrosis, collections and severe AP.
Time-domain measurement of coherent transition radiation using a photoconductive antenna with micro-structured electrodes
Authors: Kan K. , Gohdo M. , Yang J. , Nozawa I. , Yoshida Y. , Kitahara H. , Takano K. , Kuroda R. , Toyokawa H.
Published: December 2021

The longitudinal electric field profile of coherent transition radiation (CTR), which is a radially polarized terahertz (THz) pulse from an electron bunch, was measured using a large-aperture photoconductive antenna (PCA) with a diameter of 8.8 mm and micro-structured concentric electrodes to detect THz light pulses. Photo-induced charge carriers were generated on the PCA by the irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses on the electrode plane. Pulsed light irradiation enabled time-resolved measurement of the THz light pulses, and time-domain measurement of CTR was conducted by measuring the electric-field-induced current output from the PCA by sweeping the timing of the laser irradiation. The frequency spectra obtained from the detected longitudinal electric field profiles of the CTR showed a reasonable response signal from the low-frequency region as low as 0.1 THz. In the present demonstration, the large-aperture PCA-detected THz wave from the CTR was from 0.1 to at least 1 THz. THz generation using the PCA was also performed and measured using a Michelson interferometer with a helium-cooled bolometer. Comparison of the THz pulse of the CTR detected using the PCA and that generated using the PCA revealed that time-domain measurement of the THz pulse using the PCA was limited by the response time of the charge carriers in the semiconductor. Enlargement of the aperture of the PCA enhanced the detectable frequency region toward a lower frequency.