bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectives institutionnelles pour l’Union européenne
Authors: Drevet Jean-François
Published: January 2020

Suite aux élections de mai 2019, le Parlement européen est entré dans une nouvelle mandature et un certain nombre d’institutions européennes ont changé de dirigeant et / ou d’équipe de direction (Banque centrale, Commission, Parlement…). Ce renouvellement institutionnel permettra-t-il à l’Union européenne d’améliorer son fonctionnement ? C’est un espoir que l’on peut nourrir, même si, comme le rappelle cette tribune, il est très difficile de faire fonctionner une structure de cette ampleur, et d’accorder les visions et aspirations de 28 États membres ne serait-ce que sur le plan institutionnel. Néanmoins, l’accroissement des responsabilités accordées au Parlement européen, la progression continue en faveur d’un fonctionnement plus démocratique et la résistance des institutions aux différentes crises survenues ces dernières décennies constituent des signes encourageants, que la nouvelle Commission européenne devra faire en sorte de conforter. S.D.
Percutaneous Harlow Wood Needle Biopsy of the Spine: A Retrospective Analysis of 238 Spine Lesions
Authors: Christodoulou Anastasios , Zidrou Christiana , Savvidou Olga D , Givissis Panayiotis , Apotolou Thomas , Mavrogenis Andreas F , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J , Pournaras John
Published: January 2020

abstract

This retrospective study assessed the diagnostic accuracy and clinical usefulness of the Harlow Wood needle biopsy for spinal lesions. The medical records of 238 patients (138 men and 100 women) who underwent closed spine biopsy from 1987 through 1997 were reviewed. Patient age ranged from 21 to 83 years. Lesions involved the thoracic vertebrae in 127 patients, the lumbar vertebrae in 99 patients, and the sacrum in 12 patients. Cultures of the biopsy specimens were examined histopathologically and cytologicalIy. One hundred twenty-four patients were diagnosed with a spinal infection, and 68 patients were diagnosed with a tumor. In the remaining 46 patients, the biopsy specimens were negative for infection or neoplasia in 20 patients and not diagnostic in 26 (10.9%) patients. There were no major complications. The Harlow Wood needle biopsy is a simple, repeatable procedure with satisfactory diagnostic accuracy (89.1%) and can be performed on an outpatient basis.
A PROMISE ALBENDAZOLE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BASED ON PHBV MICROSPHERES AND POROUS CORK MICROPARTICLES: INVESTIGATION OF ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES ANDIN VITRORELEASE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Ben Haj Yahia Marouen , Ben Cheikh Ridha
Published: December 2019

The association of biodegradable and biosourced polymers with biomass raw materials is a promising way for the preparation of new drug delivery systems (DDS). Cork as one of the typical biomass raw materials seems to be very interesting in the formulation of effective and reliable DDS. In this study, several formulations of DDS based on microspheres of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and different amounts of microparticles of cork (MPC) powder, containing albendazole, were successfully prepared by microencapsulation, using emulsification/solvent evaporation technique. The prepared formulations showed good production yields and encapsulation efficiencies exceeding 80%. The chemical compatibility between the drug and the DDS matrix was evaluated by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The obtained results proved the lack of interactions. In term of morphology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that DDS were composed of non-aggregated spherical shape PHBV microspheres and porous MPC capable of entrapping the drug and the PHBV microspheres. The evaluation of the drug dispersion state in the DDS matrix was conducted using thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) suggesting drug amorphization. The in vitro drug release experiments by UV-Visible spectrophotometery showed an initial burst followed by a sustained release. Compared with a commercial albendazole form no significant drug degradation was observed at low pH. Additionally, an improvement in the bioavailability of albendazole was obtained with increasing amounts of MPC in the DDS. In view of these results, the developed DDS appear to have great potential as carrier for a prospective delivery to colon.
The Problem of Climate-Induced Displacement
Authors: Arora Gunjan Chawla
Published: December 2019

The members of a community owe their identity to the State to which they belong which inculcates a sense of belongingness to their own community, people, and land. The loss of identity to a State due to disruptive climate change is a fear in this century. Excessive utilization and consumption of fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources across the globe have caused unprecedented increase in global temperatures. Sudden incidents of unprecedented floods on Bhola Islands in Bangladesh, or the disappearance of the Kiribati and Lohachara Islands due to rising sea-level have forced communities to flee their own country. This has raised questions about the status of such climate migrants. Media reports have designated them as “climate refugees.” But are they really refugees? The research aims at understanding the nexus between climate change and mass displacement of communities, the status of such migrants and the International legal framework on the status of such migrants.
Ethical Discussion on Supply Chain and Environment Investments
Authors: Astudillo Andrés Lopez , Fajardo-Toro Carlos Hernán Hernán , Fajardo-Toro Alvaro José
Published: December 2019

This chapter presents the importance of understanding how a country's competitiveness is evaluated according to international reports as well as in specific terms that assess the country logistics achieved. These results show the main variables to determine why certain levels of competitiveness are reached. On the other hand, a reflection will be presented, showing that it is necessary to include variables that must be taken into account, that promote or will be possible barriers to sustainable development, which in the long term define the sustainable development of a country. Subsequently, the structure of the supply chain management (SCM) proposed by different authors and which is required to allows to define in a company what are the elements required to be able to structure of its SCM are shown. Additionally, a relationship between the elements necessary for development of competitiveness and sustainability will be established, integrating these components with the concepts of the SCM, where the results will be environmental SCM, i.e. ESCM.
Bundled SWCNT for Global VLSI Interconnects
Authors: Kumar Raj , Bala Shashi
Published: December 2019

Carbon nanotube (CNT) has been declared the most attractive and suitable material for VLSI sub-micron technology. Because of CNT's phenomenal physical, electrical, and mechanical properties, it is more advantageous than copper interconnect material. In this chapter, RLC equivalent model of bundled single-wall CNT (SWCNT) is presented by using driver-interconnect-load (DIL) system with CMOS driver. The crosstalk delay is calculated for two-line bus architecture made of two parallel lines (i.e., upper as aggressor and lower as victim). From the simulation, it has been observed that crosstalk delay increases with increase in interconnect length and transition time, whereas it decreases with increased spacing between the lines (aggressor and victim). However, crosstalk delay decreases as the number of tubes in a bundle increases.
Transport Properties of Silicene Nanotube- and Silicene Nanoribbon-Based FETs
Authors: Randhawa Deep Kamal Kaur , Singh Paramjot , Tarun
Published: December 2019

Silicene is one of the most interesting nanomaterials. In this chapter, computational studies have been done on Silicene nanotube and nanoribbon-based FETs to analyze their transport properties. The FET is designed from armchair nanoribbon and single wall nanotube. The scattering region is capped by a dielectric and a metallic layer to form a gate. The conductance versus gate bias voltage, conductance versus temperature up to 2000K, and electrode temperature versus current characteristics are calculated and plotted along with the design of the equivalent model of the structure. Extended Huckel-based calculations were used, and the analysis shows the transport properties of both structures.
Culture of Paradigms in Education and in Educational Psychology
Authors: Trif Victorița
Published: December 2019

This chapter aims to connect the typical and unconventional implications of educational meanings of educational sciences and educational psychology paradigms and to explore the sophisticate case study from the authentic classroom. There are multiple discontinuities in the literature from the fieldwork generated by globalization, re-globalization and de-globalization, sharing knowledge, and different decision-making processes from educational systems. On the other hand, the network of various discourses of the authors invited in this book illustrates possible epistemological answers to the critical problems from the contemporary life school. To conclude, the introductory chapter discusses the culture of paradigms in terms of dynamic, alternative, complementary, and comparative models of knowledge.
Inter-Relational Dynamics of Various HR Aspects in High Altitude Illness Attrition
Authors: Jha Ajeya , Dheer Ajay , Mehta Vijay Kumar , Saha Saibal Kumar
Published: January 2020

The adverse health effects of high altitude are of considerable importance since they may seriously interfere with working efficiency of an organization that is actively involved with inescapable duties. The objective of the current study is to explore inter-relational dynamics of various HR aspects in HAIA. The HR aspects included are job delay, poor team, motivation, less leave, high working hours, poor decision making, personal stress, family stress, personal discomfort, uncertainty, poor relations, health, accidents, quality and performance. A decision-making trial and an evaluation laboratory have been used to explore the inter-relation dynamics of various factors of HR. The results indicate that personal stress has the highest impact priority which is followed by poor performance, poor team and motivation. Uncertainty, less leave, and high working hours has the least impact priority. It is also found that high working hours, less leave and poor health are the major causes whereas decrease in motivation and poor quality of work are the major results.
Risk Factor in Agricultural Sector
Authors: Satapathy Suchismita
Published: January 2020

Occupational safety is a big issue of discussion for agricultural workers. The methods of working in the field in extreme climate totally depends on the environmental factor. Due to change in weather conditions, prices at the time of harvest could drop, hired labour may not be available at peak times, machinery and equipment could break down when most needed, animals might die, and government policy can change overnight. All of these changes are examples of the risks that farmers face in managing their farm as a business. All of these risks affect their farm profitability. Heavy rains and drought could also damage or even wipe out crops. Another source of production risk is equipment. The most common sources of risk factor are weather, climate, diseases, natural disasters, and market and environmental factor shocks. Agricultural workers need sufficient precaution and safety measures at the time of field and machine work to minimize risk factor. So, in this chapter, an effort is taken to prioritize safety majors by MAUT method.
From E-Government to Digital Government
Authors: Bouaziz Fatma
Published: December 2019

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) know a steady evolution that leads to the development of digital technologies. These affect human lives and organizations' activities. In particular, they have become ubiquitous in the public sector almost throughout the world. The extensive use of ICTs in public administration (PA) contributes to the emergence of digital government. It is perceived as a means of public value creation and represents a part of a paradigm shift in public management. This chapter intends to review the milestones of PA reforms in a developing country, namely Tunisia, to highlight how it is using ICTs to create public value. A content analysis of data on public sector reforms and e-government strategies is performed. The results show progressive ICTs deployment by Tunisian PA over time. They illustrate a search to public value creation through the digital government.
The Social Implications of Ceramic Style Distributions in Precontact Springwells Communities
Authors: Carroll Jon W.
Published: December 2019

The cultural geography of precontact Springwells phase (ca. AD 1160-1420) Indigenous communities in the Great Lakes region of North America has recently received renewed attention. Variation in Springwells ceramic style repertoires serves as a proxy for reconstructing Native American social networks distributed throughout the Great Lakes region. This geospatial investigation leveraging Brainerd-Robinson coefficient analysis and regression analysis provides a glimpse into how precontact Native communities interacted across a large regional area at multiple spatial scales.
A Review on the Research Growth of Industry 4.0
Authors: Sahu Anoop Kumar , Sahu Atul Kumar , Sahu Nitin Kumar
Published: January 2020

Industry 4.0 is an evolutionary topic, which integrates the business with several production architectures e.g. big data analytics, autonomous networks of electronic devices, simulation, horizontal and vertical integration, the industrial internet of things, cyber security, cloud computing, additive manufacturing, virtual reality, etc. The present research aim is to quantify the research trends and contributions of industry 4.0's business architectures from years 2014-2018. The research responds to the literature review of current leading academic journals and conference proceedings, specific to IIoT-BRs such as I4-Business Growth (BG), I4-Business Optimization (BO), I4-Operational Excellence (OE), I4-Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), I4-Manufacturing Executive system (MES), I4-Process Control Network (PNC), I4-Functional Excellence (FE), I4-Business Strategy, (BS), I4-Human Resource Management (HRM), I4-Integration (I). The authors utilize an open (Google) internet-based research search engine (OIBRSE) as a conduit to acquire the digital object identifiers and universal resource locators if the DOI non-exists with research articles. The research work archives the one hundred sixty-five research articles, gleaned by conducting the literature review upon IIoT-BRs. The research results that research trends and contributions of I4-(BO) and I4-(BG) are strong. However, I4-(BO) and I4-(BG) are slightly prose than I4-(MES) and I4-Network (PNC). The research growth is a weak residue of the industry 4.0's (IIoT-BRs). The research stores the authentic evidence to supervise the researchers for current research gaps and motivates them to extend their glance to weak IIoT-BRs. The research work aids the new researchers of industry 4.0 to learn and optimize their knowledge in empire of industry 4.0 too.
A Fuzzy Rule Based Expert System for Early Diagnosis of Osgood Schlatter Disease of Knee Joint
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Hans Abhinav , Vashisth Anshu
Published: December 2019

The proposed research work is for the early diagnosis of the inflammatory disease named Osgood-Schlatter disease of the knee joint. As the system deals with fuzzy values, a MATLAB (R2013a) fuzzy logic controller is used for the implementation. The knowledge engineering phase is done with the help of an orthopedic expert. Four symptoms are used for diagnosing the severity of disease. Also, this diagnosis provides the treatment for the respective level of disease. Data collection is completed by the survey method and various defuzzification methods are used to check the accuracy. The proposed system was tested on 25 patients.
Organisational-Level Assessment of Cloud Computing Adoption
Authors: Alismaili Salim Zahir , Li Mengxiang , Shen Jun , Huang Pu , He Qiang , Zhan Wu
Published: December 2019

Cloud Computing (CC) is an emerging technology that can potentially revolutionise the application and delivery of IT. There has been little research, however, into the adoption of CC in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). The indicators show that CC has been adopted very slowly. There is also a significant research gap in the investigation of the adoption of this innovation in SMEs. This article explores how the adoption of CC in Australia is related to technological factors, risk factors, and environmental factors. The study provides useful insights that can be utilised practically by SMEs, policymakers, and cloud vendors.
Strategic Business Models in Times of Transformational Change and Crisis
Authors: Leandros Nikos , Papadopoulou Lambrini
Published: December 2019

Media companies worldwide are trying to adapt to the new challenges brought about by the economic crisis and technological revolution. However, some of these efforts are doomed to fail because media tends to concentrate on adapting particular elements of their business models, instead of changing the entire business model logic. This work proposes an innovative business model typology and is based on the hypothesis that if a company could re-arrange its structural elements around this typology, it could have much better chances in its fight to overcome the challenges posed by the ever changing and competitive digital ecosystem. To test this typology the authors used case study methodology and drew from evidence collected from in-depth interviews with journalists from two Greek websites. Ultimately, the article provides the basis for generating new theories about business models and finds that even in times of crisis and transformational change, media companies can survive as long as they perceive crisis -and any other kind of challenge for that matter- as an opportunity for creative change.
The Video-on-Demand Market in Germany
Authors: Lindstädt-Dreusicke Nadine , Budzinski Oliver
Published: December 2019

The markets for audiovisual content are subject to dynamic change. Where once “traditional” television was dominating, i.e. linear audiovisual media services, markets display nowadays the strong growth of different types of video-on-demand (VoD), i.e. nonlinear audiovisual media services including paid-for VoD such as Netflix and advertised-financed VoD like YouTube. This article aims at providing insights into the VoD market in general and the competitive environment in particular. For doing so, the authors first present recent developments in the German VoD market. In the second part of this article, the authors focus on the (perhaps special) role of YouTube in the market for audiovisual (online) services. Thereby arguments for and against YouTube exerting competitive pressure on i) other non-linear audiovisual media services (e.g. Netflix) as well as ii) on other linear audiovisual media service providers (TV stations) are discussed. The article concludes that there are numerous pros and cons speaking for a relevant role of YouTube for both markets.
Macular thickness in healthy Libyan adults measured by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Bukhatwa Samar , Eldressi Sabah , Elzlitni Naeima
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Management of various macular diseases depends on macular thickness which is measured quantitatively by optical coherence tomography. Studies have reported variations in the macular thickness by race and gender. The aim of this study was to determine the normal macular thickness measurements in healthy eyes of Libyans. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department at Alkeish polyclinic in the period between January and December 2018. This study included 243 healthy eyes of 131 Libyan adults of both genders who underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including spectral domain optical coherence tomography to measure the macular thickness at the nine areas corresponding to Early Treatment Diabetes Retinopathy Study map (ETDRS). Results: The mean age of the study population was 48.3 ± 16.6 years (ranged between 21 and 79 years), the thickness in the foveola/center point of macula (CPT) was 192 ± 22.4 μm, the central foveal thickness was 230.3 ± 18.3 μm, and the average thickness was 270.1 ± 9.4 μm. Males were having more thickness than females. Conclusions: Foveola's thickness (CPT) in Libyan adults measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography is thinner than that of previously published studies. Moreover, the central foveal thickness is less than that of many other studies and males have more thickness than females in all the areas of ETDRS map, which indicates that gender must be taken into consideration while interpreting macular retinal thickness data.
Load of Secondary Raw Material Collection System in Lithuania
Authors: Tamašauskaitė Paulė , Volungevičius Jonas
Published: January 2020

Based on various statistical data and calculations, the article analyzes the load of the secondary raw material collection system in Lithuania, distinguishes territorial regularities. A more detailed analysis of the survey results, the existing municipal waste management policy and the organization of the secondary raw material collection system indicate possible causes of territorial differentiation, also taking into account socio-economic assumptions.
Primerjalna analiza med izbranimi priporocili fengšuiske šole oblike, jezikom vzorcev Alexandra in sodelavcev ter spoznanji okoljske psihologije
Authors: Kryžanowski Špela
Published: December 2019

Feng šui je tradicionalna kitajska umetnost oblikovanja podpornega bivalnega okolja. Kljub številnim fengšuiskim znanstvenim prispevkom se jih zelo malo ukvarja s (primerjalnim ali eksperimentalnim) preverjanjem dejanske ucinkovitosti fengšuiskih priporocil. Tudi arhitekturna stroka se do pojava nikoli ni jasno opredelila. Izvedena primerjalna analiza poskuša zato odgovoriti na raziskovalno vprašanje, ali je izbranih118 priporocil fengšuiske šole oblike usklajenih s priporocili jezika vzorcev Alexandra in sodelavcev ter izbranimi spoznanji okoljske psihologije. Rezultati pritrjujejo raziskovalnemu vprašanju in kažejo, da je 34% (40 priporocil od118) priporocil usklajenih z jezikom vzorcev in da je 45% (53) v celoti ali delno usklajenih s spoznanji okoljske psihologije. Skupaj je v okviru enega ali drugega sistema znanja skladna (posredno potrjena) dobra polovica (natancneje 57% ali 67) priporocil, kar pomeni, da obstaja velika verjetnost, da ta priporocila dejansko imajo na uporabnike prostora vpliv, kot ga obljubljajo. Dvojno skladnih je 27 priporocil (23%), pri cemer se jih najvec povezuje s fengšuisko shemo petih živali, pomenom prisotnosti vode in naravne svetlobe v bivalnem okolju ter pomenom glavnega vhoda. Najvecji del priporocil, ki ostane neprekritih, se povezuje s kitajskim konceptom življenjske energije qi (izg.ci).
Views and Opinions of Kuwaiti EFL Teachers at College of Basic Education towards Teaching Foreign Cultures in Their Classrooms
Authors: Al-Mutairi Mohammad Awad
Published: December 2019

This study aims to investigate the sort of cultural content that is being taught in CBE, Kuwaiti EFL teachers’ views and opinions towards teaching a foreign culture in their classrooms at the College of Basic Education, and their strategies when they encounter socially inappropriate subjects or practices in their textbook, Empower B1+. Particularly, it tries to explore three research questions: (a) what sort of cultural content is being taught in EFL classrooms in the College of Basic Education? (b) What are the views and opinions of Kuwaiti EFL teachers at the College of Basic Education towards teaching a foreign culture (native or international) in their EFL textbooks with special reference to the cultural content of the textbook Empower B1+? (c) What are the strategies used by Kuwaiti EFL teachers when they encounter teaching inappropriate subjects or items? The data was collected by means of a questionnaire of 7 questions distributed to 25 randomly selected Kuwaiti EFL teachers working in CBE. The questionnaire had a rating scale of three (agree, not sure, and disagree) for all questions except for questions 1 and 4, where participants had to choose the appropriate answer of 3 sentences. The questionnaire was followed by a semi-structured interview for 10 Kuwaiti EFL teachers to get detailed and in-depth answers for question 3 of the research questions and to further discuss the other two questions. After the data analyses were carried out, the results revealed that the cultural content being taught in CBE is a mixed culture (native speaker and international cultures). The findings also showed that the vast majority of EFL teachers had positive views and opinions towards the teaching of a foreign culture in their classrooms with the condition of careful selection. In terms of encountering the socially inappropriate texts or items in the textbook Empower B1+, the results of the interviews showed that most of the EFL teachers preferred to skip such articles; a few were ready to discuss them, but only in boys’ classes.
Investigating University Student Violence and the Role Islamic Education can Play to Lessen This Phenomenon
Authors: Al-Shudaifat Sadeq Hassan
Published: December 2019

This study aimed at investigating the causes of the university violence and the contribution of Islamic education in confronting it. The sample of the study consisted of (386) students studying at the Hashemite University during the second semester of the academic year 2012/2013. The researcher developed a questionnaire which consisted of (73) items. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences due to gender and academic year. However, results did not show statistically significant differences due to specialization or grade average. Furthermore, the results indicated that the problem of transportation was considered as the main challenge to the university administration. The need for a transportation policy was seen urgent to reduce university violence. Finally, weak religious and moral beliefs, rigid and traditional teaching methods, and the effect of local, regional, and global media all played a major role in provoking in university violence. The results also indicated that respect for human dignity received the highest average in terms of importance and practice to reduce the phenomenon of university violence.Among the most important recommendations of the current study is working on a solution to the transportation problem and reinforcing the role of the tribe and the religious social values as well as varying and modernizing the university teaching methods and activating the role of the audio-visual and written media to keep pace with the needs of young people.
Assessing a Causal Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and Human Capital: The Case of the Netherlands
Authors: Pinas Jovanka , Wei Sun , Oppong-Baah Tetelesti , Kim Elina , Addai Mabel , Owusu Isaac , Gyamfi Edward , Ofosu Deborah , Nsaful Adjoa Afedua , Nketiah Emmanuel , Adjei Mavis , Asiamah Abigail Afi Asamoah , Boateng Frederick Adjei , Twi-Brempong Christiana , Fianko Samuel Koranteng , Gyamerah Kweku Kyei
Published: December 2019

Foreign direct investment is seen by many countries as an important source of capital. The flow of foreign direct investment in the world has been increasing over the past couple of years and many countries have adopted various institutional policies with the hope of attracting more foreign direct investment. Besides capital, these countries also get to benefit from the other advantages that these investments bring with them, such as the newest technology and managerial skills. FDI, besides boosting capital formation, also increases the quality of capital stock. Countries can only reap all the benefits of foreign direct investment if they have a sufficient amount of human capital. Human capital is seen by many researchers as one of the most important determinants of FDI. With the world becoming more knowledge-based and globalized the importance of human capital became very significant not only to individuals, but also to countries in their competitive advantages. The purpose of this research is to find out what the relationship is between foreign direct investment and human capital in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is a small country in Europe which has been a global leader in the inflow and outflow of FDI the past couple of years. This study uses the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the Johansen cointegration test to determine whether or not there is a causal relationship between the variable’s foreign direct investment and secondary school enrollment, which is used as a proxy for human capital. The study observed that there is no causal relationship between foreign direct investment and human capital in the Netherlands. The inflow of human capital into the Netherlands is determined by other factors.
The decoration of the Danila Bible: Aniconism as royal ideology in ninth-century Iberia
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ VIEJO Jesús
Published: January 2020

La llamada Biblia de Danila (Cava dei Tirreni, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. 1) es el ejemplo preservado más antiguo de manuscrito miniado con un programa decorativo coherente creado en la Península Ibérica altomedieval. La teoría más aceptada hoy en día apunta al Reino de Asturias durante el próspero mandato de Alfonso II (791-842). Los folios de este manuscrito monumental contienen un programa de motivos decorativos entre los cuales destacan una serie de símbolos en forma de cruz de grandes dimensiones. Este artículo analiza especialmente las representaciones en forma de cruz de la biblia, explorando también la recepción de pensamiento anicónico en el norte de España aproximadamente un siglo después de la conquista árabe, sus raíces visigodas, así como las posibles influencias del periodo de la Iconoclastia bizantina y el Concilio carolingio de Fráncfort.

The so-called Danila Bible (Cava dei Tirreni, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. 1) is the earliest surviving manuscript created in the early medieval Iberian Peninsula displaying a cohesive decorative programme of figurative nature. Although its exact provenance has been matter of extensive discussion, current research points at the northern Kingdom of Asturias during the reign of King Alfonso II (791-842). The decoration of this monumental bible displays a complex aniconic programme made of decorated initials, frontispieces, and other symbols, such a number of crosses and cross-shaped motifs of large dimensions and different forms. This study aims to analyse in particular the different nature of these cross-shaped motifs displayed in the Danila Bible. This research also intends to shed light on the reception of aniconism in the Kingdom of Asturias, as well as its Visigothic background, one century after the Islamic conquest of 711 and in the wake of the First Iconoclasm and the Council of Frankfurt.
The Effects of Different Colors and Light Sources on the Bond Strength of Cerec Feldspathic Blocks Bonded to Light-Cured Resin Cement
Authors: YILMAZ EVMEK Betül , DURAN İbrahim
Published: December 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the bonding with resin cement of different
colored prefabricated feldspathic ceramic blocks used in the computer aided design and computer aided
manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technique when different light sources were used beneath the
ceramics.

Materials and
Methods: Specimens
of 2 mm thickness were prepared in nine different colors. All the groups were
bonded to composite resin blocks using a light-cured resin cement beneath
plasma arc (PAC, 2400 mW/cm2), light emitting diode (LED, 1600–1800
mW/cm2) and quartz tungsten halogen (QTH, 800–1200 mW/cm2)
light sources. Following the cementation, all the specimens were kept in
distilled water for 24 hours in closed cups before the shear test was
performed. The data were analysed by means of a two-way analysis of variance
(ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test (p < 0.05).

Results: The highest light power was observed
in the PAC groups, while the lowest light power was observed in the QTH groups,
and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). The
highest bond strengths were obtained in the S2M and S2T color groups without
the discrimination of the light source, and no statistically significant
difference was found between these groups. The lowest bond strength was
obtained in the S4O color group.

Conclusions: This in vitro study found that the
bond strength of feldspathic ceramic restorations is directly related to the
utilised light source and, further, that the bond strength decreases as the
ceramic color becomes darker.
Protagonismos encobertos na educação: Salomé Ureña Henríquez y Carvajal e Enriqueta Compte y Riqué
Authors: Streck Danilo Romeu , Abba María Julieta , Lodi Leonardo Camargo
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para recompor o vasto campo de ausências na história da educação latino-americana, analisando a contribuição de duas mulheres educadoras cujo protagonismo foi encoberto e de quem pouco se conhece. As mulheres apresentadas neste trabalho, Salomé Ureña Henríquez y Carvajal (1850-1897) e Enriqueta Compte y Riqué (1866-1949), viveram em contextos sociais e políticos diferentes, embora fossem contemporâneas. Ambas atuaram na educação de mulheres, como professoras e dirigentes de instituições e tiveram ativa participação política em seus países. Utilizamos a metáfora do encobrimento no sentido a ela atribuído por Enrique Dussel (1993) em seu livro 1492: O encobrimento do outro onde o “ego” descobridor e colonizador se vê confirmado diante do seu “outro” e se sente legitimado como superior para vencê-lo, violentá-lo ou simplesmente não reconhece a sua existência. A pesquisa insere-se no campo da história da educação, valendo-se de estudos feministas e sobre (des)colonialidade. Para o tratamento das fontes documentais foram utilizadas as técnicas de análise documental e análise de conteúdo. Como resultado, pode-se dizer que o movimento dessas duas mulheres latinas no século XIX contribuiu para o avanço da igualdade e da conquista dos direitos à educação, compreendida como uma via para alcançar a libertação feminina. Verificamos também como a promoção de experiências de educadoras contribui para a desmistificação do lugar da mulher para além do privado e do lar.
No silêncio da clausura: videntes de aparições marianas no Brasil (1928-1937)
Authors: Santos Magno Francisco de Jesus
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho tem como escopo as memórias de duas religiosas que testemunharam visões marianas no Brasil ao longo da primeira metade do século XX. Em 1929 a irmã Amália de Jesus Flagelado (1901-1977), integrante da Congregação das Missionárias de Jesus Crucificado, teria iniciado suas visões de Jesus Manietado e Nossa Senhora das Lágrimas na cidade de Campinas, estado de São Paulo. Essa experiência religiosa foi amplamente divulgada na imprensa e em apenas cinco anos o bispo diocesano, Dom Francisco Campos Barreto, reconheceu as visões e autorizou o terço das Lágrimas. Por outro lado, nos idos de 1936, na vila de Cimbres, estado de Pernambuco, a jovem Maria da Luz Teixeira Carvalho, que passaria a ter o nome religioso de Irmã Adélia (1922-2013), teve a visão de Nossa Senhora das Graças, anunciando os perigos da propagação do comunismo no país. Após as aparições a jovem passou a integrar a Congregação das Damas Cristãs em Recife sob voto de silêncio sobre a questão. Com isso, tenho como problema de investigação a construção da memória sobre as duas visões e as ações de silenciamento e reclusão das videntes no âmbito das clausuras e dos espaços de experiência religiosa visionária. A pesquisa tem como fontes centrais os registros produzidos ao longo da década de 30 do século XX, momento de maior evidência pública das visões, com os questionários realizados por religiosos às videntes no processo de averiguação diocesana das visões e notícias publicadas na imprensa. Essa documentação foi analisada no sentido de buscar compreender a construção das memórias e dos silenciamentos (POLLAK, 1989), dos usos dos lugares de memórias (NORA, 1993) e das experiências (THOMPSON, 2007) das religiosas no âmbito inicial de constituição de uma cultura política católica anticomunista. Neste caso, a proposta dialoga com a nova história política, no âmbito do conceito de cultura política (RÉMOND, 2003). Nesse sentido, tornou-se possível entender as fissuras e polissemias discursivas no processo de afirmação e esquecimento das visões marianas no Brasil da década de 30.
O conceito de pentecostalidade: uma contribuição pentecostal para a unidade da Igreja
Authors: Lima Adriano , Campos Bernardo
Published: December 2019

A divisão da Igreja sempre se constituiu como um dos temas mais desafiadores para a fé cristã. Não por acaso, teólogos de diversas tradições, especialmente a partir do século XX, propõem com ousadia o tema do ecumenismo como um assunto central a ser desenvolvido na Teologia cristã. Nesse texto, os autores refletem sobre o conceito de Pentecostalidade como contribuição para a unidade da Igreja. O objetivo é apresentar o conceito de pentecostalidade como uma categoria que propõe elementos significativos para a unidade entre as Igrejas cristãs. A pesquisa é desenvolvida a partir de referência bibliográfica especializada no tema. Os autores constatam que em toda comunidade professamente cristã há uma pentecostalidade latente e, portanto, esse conceito (pentecostalidade) e seus desdobramentos são significativos e contribuem para a unidade da Igreja. Ao final, três elementos relacionados à pentecostalidade são destacados como contribuição para a unidade da Igreja: a unidade do gênero humano, a universalidade do Espírito de Deus e a práxis pentecostal.
Milhares de comunidades sem eucaristia interpelam o Sínodo da Amazônia
Authors: Almeida Antônio José de
Published: December 2019

O texto parte da constatação de que milhares de comunidades católicas na região amazônica só esporadicamente podem participar da celebração da Eucaristia, devido às distâncias e à falta de presbíteros próprios que vivam nas comunidades dispersas pelo imenso território. Reconhece que esta situação é teologicamente anômala, pois a celebração da Eucaristia é essencial para a construção da Igreja como Corpo de Cristo. Sugere que as comunidades católicas formadas pela Palavra de Deus em suas várias modalidades, especialmente a sua Celebração dominical, com uma boa caminhada eclesial, já dotadas de ministérios não-ordenados vários, sejam munidas de presbíteros próprios, que, devidamente ordenados, presidam, com uma equipe ministerial mais ampla, a comunidade e, consequentemente, a Eucaristia comunitária. O Sínodo, no Instrumento Preparatório, mostra-se consciente desta realidade e, no Instrumento de Trabalho, faz duas indicações preciosas: a) “pede-se que, em vez de deixar as comunidades sem a Eucaristia, se alterem os critérios para selecionar e preparar os ministros autorizados para celebrá-la”; b) “pede-se que, para as áreas mais remotas da região, se estude a possibilidade da ordenação sacerdotal de anciãos, de preferência indígenas, respeitados e reconhecidos por suas comunidades, mesmo que tenham uma família constituída e estável, com a finalidade de assegurar os Sacramentos que acompanhem e sustentem a vida cristã” (n. 126 e 129). Explicitar os fundamentos (sobretudo a relação Eucaristia-Igreja e Igreja-Eucaristia) e detalhar propostas nesta direção são os objetivos desta reflexão.
Sínodo da Amazônia: novos caminhos para a igreja e para uma ecologia integral
Authors: Almeida Nadi Maria de , Brighenti Agenor
Published: December 2019

Seguindo a metodologia do processo de preparação do Sínodo da Amazônia, que dedicou um longo tempo à escuta dos povos da Região, em um primeiro momento, este artigo dá voz a três grandes clamores que vêm da Amazônia e de sua brava gente: o grito que vem das águas, o grito que vem da flora e da fauna e o grito dos povos da Amazônia. Em seguida, tendo presente o modo como o Evangelho chegou naquelas terras e a heroica resistência, sobretudo de indígenas, negros e mestiços, na defesa secular de suas culturas e religiões, se acena para um modelo de evangelização em clave decolonial, tanto em relação à ecologia como aos povos da Região.
The Influence of Minority Stress on Level of Depression among Thai LGBT Adults
Authors: Kittiteerasack Priyoth , Steffen Alana , Matthews Alicia
Published: December 2019

In the US, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals report higher rates of depression compared with heterosexual and cisgender persons. To date, little is known about the mental health of LGBT adults in Thailand. Here, we examined rates and correlates of depression among a volunteer sample of Thai LGBTs. Data were collected as part of a larger cross-sectional survey study. Standardized measures of sexual orientation and gender identity, stress, coping style, and minority stressors were completed. Of the 411 participants, 40.3% met the criteria for depression. In multivariate analyses, the combined influences of sociodemographic factors, general stress, coping strategies, and minority-specific stress variables explained 47.2% of the variance in depression scores (F[16,367]= 20.48, p<.001). Correlates of depression included coping strategies and minority-specific stressors, including experiences of victimization, discrimination, and level of identity concealment. Study findings have implications for psychiatric nursing practice and the development of intervention research. Abstrak Di AS, individu lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) melaporkan tingkat depresi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan orang heteroseksual dan cisgender. Saat ini, sedikit yang diketahui tentang kesehatan mental pada orang dewasa dengan LGBT di Thailand. Di sini, kami meneliti tingkat dan korelasi depresi di antara sampel sukarelawan LGBT Thailand. Data dikumpulkan sebagai bagian dari studi survei cross-sectional yang lebih besar. Pengukuran terstandar terhadap orientasi seksual dan identitas gender, stres, koping, dan stresor minoritas telah selesai. Dari 411 peserta, 40,3% memenuhi kriteria untuk depresi. Dalam analisis multivariat, pengaruh gabungan faktor sosiodemografi, stres umum, strategi koping, dan variabel stres spesifik-minoritas menjelaskan 47,2% dari varians dalam skor depresi (F [16,367]= 20,48, p< 0,001). Korelasi depresi termasuk strategi koping dan stres spesifik-minoritas, termasuk pengalaman viktimisasi, diskriminasi, dan tingkat penyembunyian identitas. Temuan penelitian memiliki implikasi untuk praktik keperawatan psikiatris dan pengembangan penelitian intervensi. Kata kunci: depresi, LGBT, minoritas seksual dan gender; stres minoritas, Thailand
High and asymmetric somato-dendritic coupling of V1 layer 5 neurons independent of visual stimulation and locomotion
Authors: Francioni Valerio , Padamsey Zahid , Rochefort Nathalie L
Published: December 2019

Active dendrites impact sensory processing and behaviour. However, it remains unclear how active dendritic integration relates to somatic output in vivo. We imaged semi-simultaneously GCaMP6s signals in the soma, trunk and distal tuft dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the awake mouse primary visual cortex. We found that apical tuft signals were dominated by widespread, highly correlated calcium transients throughout the tuft. While these signals were highly coupled to trunk and somatic transients, the frequency of calcium transients was found to decrease in a distance-dependent manner from soma to tuft. Ex vivo recordings suggest that low-frequency back-propagating action potentials underlie the distance-dependent loss of signals, while coupled somato-dendritic signals can be triggered by high-frequency somatic bursts or strong apical tuft depolarization. Visual stimulation and locomotion increased neuronal activity without affecting somato-dendritic coupling. High, asymmetric somato-dendritic coupling is therefore a widespread feature of layer 5 neurons activity in vivo.
Identification of a genome-specific repetitive element in theGossypiumD genome
Authors: Lu Hejun , Cui Xinglei , Zhao Yanyan , Magwanga Richard Odongo , Li Pengcheng , Cai Xiaoyan , Zhou Zhongli , Wang Xingxing , Liu Yuling , Xu Yanchao , Hou Yuqing , Peng Renhai , Wang Kunbo , Liu Fang
Published: January 2020

The activity of genome-specific repetitive sequences is the main cause of genome variation betweenGossypiumA and D genomes. Through comparative analysis of the two genomes, we retrieved a repetitive element termedICRdmotif, which appears frequently in the diploidGossypium raimondii(D5) genome but rarely in the diploidGossypium arboreum(A2) genome. We further explored the existence of theICRdmotif in chromosomes ofG. raimondii,G. arboreum, and two tetraploid (AADD) cotton species,Gossypium hirsutumandGossypium barbadense, by fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH), and observed that theICRdmotif exists in the D5and D-subgenomes but not in the A2and A-subgenomes. TheICRdmotif comprises two components, a variable tandem repeat (TR) region and a conservative sequence (CS). The two constituents each have hundreds of repeats that evenly distribute across 13 chromosomes of the D5genome. TheICRdmotif (and its repeats) was revealed as the common conservative region harbored by ancient Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons. Identification and investigation of theICRdmotif promotes the study of A and D genome differences, facilitates research onGossypiumgenome evolution, and provides assistance to subgenome identification and genome assembling.
Molluscicidal Potential of Column Purified Fractions of Allium cepa against Intermediate Host of Urinary Schistosomiasis (Bulinus globosus) in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman J. , Singh K. , Bala A. Y. , Muhammad M. T. , Yakubu M. S.
Published: December 2019

Potential of column purified fractions of Allium cepa bulb against intermediate hosts of urinary schistosomiasis (Bulinus globosus) was conducted in laboratory condition. The fresh bulbs of A. cepa were purchased from Ramin Kura market of Sokoto, identified and authenticated by a taxonomist. The bulbs were sliced into pieces, air dried and powdered. Extracts were obtained using methanol as polar then purified with silica gel as a stationary phase while N-hexane and ethyl acetate (1:1) as the mobile phase. Thirteen fractions each fraction containing 10 ml of the effluent was collected, the collected extracts were left open for evaporation for 48 hours. Ten adult B. globosus were immersed in 3liters of water containing different concentrations of the fraction and each treatment was replicated three times with control in the same condition without treatment, observations were recorded after 24 hours up to 96 hours. The toxicity experiment showed that fractions (F7, F8, F6 and F9) were most toxic fractions, LC50 after 96 hours was 19.371 mg/l. based on findings from this research it can be concluded that, A. Cepa was very potent and can be used for control of B. globosus in order to prevent urinary schistosomiasis infection in endemic areas and drugs industries may use the extracts of these plants for production of molluscicides.