bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Modular System for Digitalization of Appraisal Process
Authors: Pavkin D. Yu. , Yurochka S. S. , Khakimov A. R. , Dovlatov I. M.
Published: December 2022

It is noted that the existing weighing platforms for weighing dairy cattle demonstrate certain shortcomings during the grading process. It was proposed to determine the fatness of animals by scanning their sacrum with optical systems, which allows monitoring their physiological state and, in case of deterioration, promptly change the diet. (Research purpose) To develop a modular system for the digitalization of appraisal process ensuring the autonomy and independence of modules. (Materials and methods) The emphasis is paid on the necessity of integrating into the whole farm system by using a unified Internet space. The development of a modular system for digitalization of appraisal was divided into 4 modules. A grading algorithm was worked out and compared with the layout diagram of the modules in order to assess the volume of work on the grading digitalization. Four strain gauges were installed in the weighing module. (Results and discussion) It was proved that the module provides high-precision weighing of animals (C3 accuracy), regardless of the external influence factors such as cow movements and the asymmetrical position of the cow inside the system box. The results can be displayed on the display of a single control unit. The camera of the vision module was placed at a height of 2,200 millimeters, which eliminates it being damaged by the animals and provides an unobstructed view for the 3D ToF camera. The transportation dimensions of the system prototype are as follows: length – 2,500 millimeters, width – 1,564, height – 2,118 millimeters. The total mass of the manufactured system, including the original platform, is approximately 620-640 kilograms. (Conclusions) A modular system for digitalization of appraisal work has been successfully developed and created. The weighing module was tested revealing an error of less than 1 percent, when testing the system with a reference mass of 655 kilograms and that of 1,200 kilograms.
Comparative Analysis of Zoomlion and YTO Chinese Tractors’ Operational Properties
Authors: Iovlev G. A. , Pobedinskiy V. V. , Goldina I. I.
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the information on the technical capabilities of new tractors being launched into the Russian market is confirmed. (Research purpose) To compare the operational properties of China's Zoomlion and YTO agricultural tractors, and prepare recommendations for domestic agricultural producers. (Materials and methods) The previous research was summarized and analysed, with a special attention on the definition and comparative analysis of the operational properties of Belarus family tractors and foreign tractors, including those made in China. The following methods were used: calculation, comparison, forecasting, economic and mathematical modeling, expert assessments and others. Mathematical dependencies were used to determine the tractor pulling and traction properties, the productivity of machine-tractor units, and specific fuel consumption. (Results and discussion) The operational properties of Zoomlion and YTO tractors were grouped into the categories of approximately equal power, and studied. The performance indicators of the machine-tractor unit were compared during the technological operation "cultivation", as well as its specific fuel consumption. The effect of ballast weights was determined. It was found that in the Zoomlion RN904 and YTO-X904 group, the productivity of the former is 2.4 percent higher, and the specific fuel consumption is 5.1 percent lower; in the Zoomlion RN1104 and YTO-X1104 group, the productivity is 4.9 percent higher, and the specific fuel consumption is 3.9 percent higher; in the Zoomlion RS1304 and YTO-X1304 group, the former outperforms by both indicators - by 8.4 and 10.4 percent, respectively; in the Zoomlion RS1604 and YTO-ELG1604 group, this difference is even more pronounced - 21.3 and 15.4 percent, respectively. (Conclusions). It has been proved that in the group of tractors with the engine power of 66.2-95.6 kilowatts, Zoomlion tractor’s productivity is 5.6 percent higher than that of YTO, and the specific fuel consumption is 4.2 percent lower. It was determined that in the group with the engine power of 117.7 kilowatts, the operational properties are better for YTO.
Vocational High School Students' Competency Needs to the World of Work
Authors: Rahmadhani Sri , Ahyanuardi  , Suryati Lili
Published: December 2022

The high unemployment rate is certainly different from the goal of SMK, which should be a ready-to-work workforce. It is influenced by the lack of employment opportunities and the weak competence of graduates in the field of expertise. In addition, qualified educators are needed so that they can improve students' competencies and skills. This study aims to analyze the competency needs of vocational students for the world of work. This alternative can be seen from the curriculum used by Vocational High Schools and the competencies produced by the needs of the world of work oriented to the standards of the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework. This type of research is qualitative. The method used in this research is the Mixed Method, by combining quantitative research and qualitative research. The instrument used in collecting data is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used the respondent achievement level (TPR) with the Milles and Huberman model. The results of this study indicate a weakness in the competence of SMK graduates to the competence needs of the world of work, with a percentage gain of 45.61%. These weaknesses appear in the skills possessed by students to the needs of the world of work. It means that there is a need for improved analysis to be in the good and excellent categories in the future. The competence of SMK graduates can refer to the competency needs that exist in the world of work and reduce unemployment at the SMK level.
Dampak Asesmen Diri Terhadap Karakter dan Literasi Ilmiah Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Widiastuti Ni Putu Kusuma , Lasmawan I Wayan
Published: December 2022

The implementation of the 2013 curriculum in Indonesia has not been carried out optimally. This study aims to analyze the differences in the implementation of self-assessment on character education and students' scientific literacy. The population of this study amounted to 192 students and the sample amounted to 21 students. Sample selection was done by simple random sampling technique. This research is quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental) with Single Factor Independent Group Design. The data collection technique used a questionnaire for character and a test for scientific literacy. Data were analyzed using Manova. The results showed that the first hypothesis test value of F = 5.313 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there are differences in the character of students who take part in learning with the implementation of self-assessment with students who take part in learning with the implementation of conventional assessments. The results of the second hypothesis test show that F = 5.233 with 0.000 <0.05, which means that there are differences in the scientific literacy of students who take lessons with the implementation of self-assessment and students who take lessons with the implementation of conventional assessments. The third hypothesis test shows that F = 1.660 with 0.000 <0.05 which means that there are differences in the character and scientific literacy of students simultaneously between students who take lessons with the implementation of self-assessment and students who take lessons with the implementation of conventional assessments.
Teori dan Teknologi Materi Pecahan pada Buku Teks Matematika Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rahayu Teten Ginanjar , Herman Tatang , Prawiyogi Anggy Giri
Published: December 2022

Siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari materi mengurutkan pecahan. Salah satu faktor penyebab kesulitan tersebut adalah kurang lengkapnya buku teks matematika dalam menyajikan materi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sajian materi mengurutkan pecahan pada buku teks matematika kelas IV yang berfokus pada bentuk teori dan teknologinya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang akan digunakan adalah wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data pada penelitian ini meliputi penyandian, pengkategorian, pembandingan, dan pembahasan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sajian materi mengurutkan pecahan pada buku teks tersebut sudah lengkap. Akan tetapi ada beberapa perbaikan sajian materi yang direkomendasikan di antaranya direkomendasikan untuk menyajikan uji kemampuan prasyarat, direkomendasikan untuk menyajikan bentuk-bentuk pecahan serta menggambarkan bentuk pecahan dalam bentuk konkrit. Direkomensaikan untuk menyajikan cara menyamakan penyebut dengan KPK. Dengan demikian, sajian materi mengurutkan pecahan pada buku teks yang lengkap akan memudahkan siswa dalam memahami dan menguasai materi tersebut.
Pemanfaatan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Etnomatematika dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Bangun Datar pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putri Ida Ayu Made Ariska , Agustika Gusti Ngurah
Published: December 2022

Keterbatasan guru dalam menggunakan media saat pembelajaran jarak jauh serta kurangnya penanaman konsep pada mata pelajaran matematika menyebabkan pembelajaran kurang bermakna. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menciptakan media berbentuk video pembelajaran berbasis etnomatematika untuk siswa kelas IV SD. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan dengan menggunakan rancang bangun dari model ADDIE. Subjek pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 1 orang ahli isi pembelajaran, 1 orang ahli desain dan media pembelajaran, 3 orang siswa kelas IV untuk uji coba perorangan, 12 orang uji coba kelompok kecil, serta 19 orang untuk uji lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. metode yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan angkat/kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu video yang diciptakan memperoleh kualifikasi sangat baik. Hasil dari ahli isi pembelajaran mendapatkan skor 90,62%, ahli desain pembelajaran memperoleh skor 96,15%, ahli media pembelajaran mencapai skor 90,38%, uji coba perorangan mencapai skor 90%, uji coba kelompok kecil mencapai skor 93,54%, dan uji lapangan mencapai skor 92,76%. Jadi, media pembelajaran ini layak digunakan pada proses belajar mengajar. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan media video memiliki pengaruh positif dan mampu meningkatkan kualitas belajar siswa sehingga kegiatan pembelajaran menjadi lebih bermakna dan efektif.
COMPLEX HYDROGELS BASED ON AQUASOL AND POLYACRYLAMIDE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chobit M. , Tokarev V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vasylyev V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Panchenko Yu. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

The paper describes the production of hydrogel composites, which are crosslinked structures based on polyacrylamide and poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (aquazole); study of the kinetics of swelling of the obtained hydrogels and study of the thermomechanical properties of the obtained material. The method of synthesis of hydrogel composites and their physicochemical and thermomechanical properties and graphic representation of these laws considered was present. A number of samples with different ratios of starting materials synthesized and the dependence of their properties on the structure was established.
PREPARATION OF ANTISEPTIC HYDROGEL PLATES BASED ON NATURAL POLYSACCHARIDES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dron І. A. , Bukartyk N. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bukartyk M. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ostapiv D. D. ,   Institute of Animal Biology of NAAS, Samaryk V. Ya. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

Using natural polysaccharides, pectin and sodium alginate, hydrogel plates capable of absorbing exudate were obtained. Studies have shown no cytotoxicity of the plate material. In order to create bactericidal therapeutic dressings based on them, the possibility of filling the plates with antiseptics (iodine, betadine, chlorhexidine) was shown and their release dynamics was studied. Studies have shown that the release of iodine from the plate is too fast and can not meet the condition of its prolonged release in contrast to betadine and chlorhexidine.
Review of factors determining living conditions of modern scoolchildren
Authors: Devrishov RD
Published: December 2022

Preservation and strengthening of health in the rising generation is declared as a key direction of the state policy in the Russian Federation. Systematic long-term influence of environmental factors, including mode of living and nutrition, on the processes of formation of health and physical development in children is currently taken as a pressing issue for the entire state, with regional peculiarities, specific to certain regions of Russia. The paper presents an analysis of modern Russian and foreign scientific literature regarding the influence of various environmental factors, conditions of training and education, basic components of the day regime and dietary habits on health of schoolchildren. Literature sources were searched through eLibrary, PubMed, Cyberleninka for the period from 2015 to 2022. In spite of the activities related to health protection of children and adolescents conducted by the state, official statistics and numerous studies display a continuous growth of the socalled school-associated morbidity. Analysis of historical data shows that effect of school and out-of-school factors on health of children and adolescents remains very pressing. Under these conditions, increased literacy of parents, teachers and children regarding hygienic education, formation of a healthy lifestyle and determination of managed sanitary and hygienic factors that can produce a positive influence on health and physical development of schoolchildren is given a great importance.
Vzaimosvyaz' faktorov riska mikroembolii s vozrastom v vosstanovitel'nom periode ishemicheskogo insul'ta
Authors: Орлова Е. В. , Бердалин А. Б. , Лелюк В. Г.
Published: December 2022

Vyyavlenie sopryazhennyh s vozrastom osobennostej vzaimodejstviya faktorov riska razvitiya mikroembolii mozhet rasshirit' predstavleniya o mekhanizmah razvitiya ishemicheskogo insul'ta (II). Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo izuchit' vliyanie vozrasta i drugih faktorov riska insul'ta na biofizicheskie harakteristiki mikroembolicheskih signalov (MES), registriruemyh v vosstanovitel'nom periode ishemicheskogo insul'ta. Transkranial'noe dopplerovskoe monitorirovanie s mikroembolodetekciej proveli 515 licam, v issledovanie byli vklyucheny svedeniya o 28 pacientah, perenesshih ishemicheskij insul't, iz kotoryh 9 (32%) zhenshchin i 19 (68%) muzhchin v vozraste 33–78 let (srednij vozrast — 58 ± 13 let). Pri pomoshchi smeshannoj linejnoj modeli vyyavleno, chto vozrast i vzaimodejstvie vozrasta s nalichiem fibrillyacii predserdij okazyvali vliyanie na moshchnost' MES. S vozrastom nablyudaetsya uvelichenie moshchnosti registriruemyh MES, osobenno zametnoe u pacientov s fibrillyaciej predserdij (r < 0,0005). Pri kardioembolicheskom variante II moshchnost' i dlitel'nost' MES okazalas' znachimo bol'she u bolee pozhilyh lic (p < 0,0005). Pri otsutstvii ateroskleroza moshchnost' MES s vozrastom postepenno uvelichivalas', a pri ego nalichii — postepenno umen'shalas', pri etom moshchnost' MES u pacientov s aterosklerozom v celom (vo vsekh vozrastnyh gruppah) byla dostoverno vyshe (r < 0,0005), chem pri ego otsutstvii.
ГЛУБИННАЯ БИОСФЕРА ЗЕМЛИ, СОВРЕМЕННАЯ И ДРЕВНЯЯ
Authors: Беляев Анатолий , Юхалин Павел
Published: December 2022

Анализ изученности современной глубинной биосферы Земли позволяет предположить, что ее вещество участвует в глобальном биологическом круговороте. Глубинные воды, содержащие подземные микроорганизмы, могут выходить наружу в артезианских источниках, и на континентальных склонах, обогащая органическим веществом зоны апвеллинга и океанические течения. При этом, минерализованные подземные воды имеют возможность постоянного движения, за счет ритмичного изменения внутрипородного давления при ежесуточных земных приливах и отливах.

Наиболее благоприятные условия для обитания колониальных микроорганизмов древней глубинной биосферы существовали внутри горных пород в полостях агатовых камер, до заполнения их кремнистым веществом. Подземные организмы образовывали на стенках агатовых полостей слоистые, пузырчатые, ветвистые и почковидные структуры, подобные бактериальным матам, впоследствии замещенные кремнистым веществом. Зональные микро- и макроритмы в полосчатых агатах формировались в результате отложения осадочного кремнистого вещества из проточных кремнийсодержащих растворов при пульсационном изменении давления во время каменных приливов. Позднее, под воздействием литостатического давления, в уже затвердевших структурах агатовых жеод, возникали поля разнонаправленных динамических напряжений, приводивших к раскристаллизации (девитрификации) кремнистого вещества и формированию микролитов халцедона.

Морфологическое многообразие ветвистых, пузырчатых и почковидных структур в агатах может свидетельствовать о биоразнообразии древних глубинных организмов.
Ecological valence of North Caspian mollusks to oxygen
Authors: Kashin Dmitry Vladimirovich , Degtyareva Larisa Vyacheslavna , Kostrykina Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2022

North Caspian molluscs are characterized by high frequency of occurrence and wide variability of quantitative indicators. In studies conducted in the period from 2013 to 2017 in the water area of the western part of the Northern Caspian the frequency of molluscs was 64%. The population was in the range of 10-8290 species/m2; biomass – 0.003-1162.066 g/m2. Molluscs lived at depths of 2.5-29.0 m, with an absolute oxygen content of 1.29-8.52 ml/l, and a relative oxygen content of 21-134%. Most abundant was Abra ovata (29%). Mytilaster lineatus occured with frequency 24%. According to the results of the research, there were determined the limits of tolerance to the oxygen content for all molluscs living in the Northern Caspian, as well as the optimum zone for the most frequent representatives of malacofauna. The minimum oxygen concentration registered in the bottom water of the western part of the Northern Caspian during the study period (1.29 ml/l) is not critical for species Mytilaster lineatus, Hypanis angusticostata and Didacna barbotdemarnyi. Oxygen concentration of less than 3 ml/l is resistant to species Cerastoderma lamarcki and Abra ovata, less than 4 ml/l – to Hypanis vitrea. Other species including those encountered in rare cases are found at concentrations above 4.06 ml/l. The oxyphilous species are Hypanis semipellucida and Didacna pyramidata. Mytilaster lineatus, Didacna barbotdemarnyi and Cerastoderma lamarcki have a wide environmental valence to oxygen. The absolute oxygen content within the range 5.78-9.08 ml/l is considered the most favorable for the of molluscs development, where all species of molluscs can be found. Most species demonstrated a quantitative increase with oxygen concentrations rising from 4 to 6 ml/l.
Summary of COVID-19 vaccine-related erythema multiforme at Kindai University Hospital, Japan
Authors: Watanabe Keiko , Nakashima Chisa , Matsuo Ayako , Kato Maiko , Yanagihara Shigeto , Oiso Naoki , Otsuka Atsushi
Published: December 2022

The recently extended use of mRNA vaccines due to the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed the description of multiple cutaneous adverse events including local injection site reactions, urticaria, and morbilliform eruptions. COVID-19 vaccine-related cutaneous reaction patterns can be divided into type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reactions, type Ⅳ hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune-related, and functional angiopathies based on pathogenesis. Erythema multiforme (EM), a type IV hypersensitivity reaction, has also been reported from several centers. We experienced the remarkable improvement of COVID-19 vaccine-related EM with systemic administration of prednisolone and summarized six cases experienced in our department.
Diverse College Students' Cultural Background and College Persistence
Authors: DeVries Kerrie , Santo Jonathan , Casas Juan
Published: December 2022

Tinto (1975) created a college persistence model, emphasizing institutional academic and social integration, that continues to guide U.S. university retention strategies. This longitudinal study followed 584 college Freshman from diverse backgrounds, testing for group differences in the relationship that Tinto’s key constructs have on college persistence, over time, for U.S.-White, U.S.-minority, and immigrant-origin groups. We found significant positive associations between Academic Integration and Intentions to Persist for all ethnic groups, but group differences in Social Integration and Intentions to Persist. Additionally, Intentions to Persist was a significant predictor of actual persistence for all groups, suggesting predictive power overall.
El senado mexicano en el proceso de aprobación de los tratados : comparación constitucional con el modelo de los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: Olguín Torres Antonio
Published: December 2022

The main objective of this research is to analyze article 76 section I of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States regarding the Senate’s obligation to approve international treaties previously negotiated by the President of Mexico in the terms set by Article 89, Section X, of the same Constitution. Therefore, the Executive branch has the exclusive faculty to define the text of the treaty without the intervention of the Senate or any other legislative body. Consequently, the scope of this research is to consider wether the Mexican Senate can advise the president in the definition of the text of the treaty as it is done by the United States Senate in accordance with its constitutional norm. Thus, using the comparative constitutional law method, a proposal to reform Article 76, Section I of the Mexican Constitution is presented.
La Ley del 21 de mayo de 1851 sobre la libertad de esclavos : una injusticia legislativa y jurídica
Authors: Chalá Grandin Lucia Perea
Published: December 2022

It is intended to demonstrate that the origin of racial discrimination, poverty and social exclusion of the Afro-Colombian people dates back to the Law of May 21, 1851, and that such situation persists due to the indifference of the State. This has determined the wide socio-economic inequality gap that exists between the Afro-Colombian people and the rest of the population. For this purpose, the Law of May 21, 1851, the Sentence C-931 of 2009, books, scientific articles and a course of Afro-Colombians, their history, struggles and achievements presented to Professor Kevin Parthenay form the Institute of Political Science of Paris in 2014, are reviewed. It was confirmed that the Law contains discriminations and inequalities among the parts of the servile system. Thus, since colonial times and the beginning of the Republic the Afro-descendants have been excluded from society, victims of racism and -currently- of the State’s indifference. In this respect, the Constitutional’s Court inhibitory sentence was criticized because there were elements that allowed for a substantial pronouncement.
Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI) Brazilian Portuguese version: cross-cultural adaptation and validation study
Authors: Godoy Victor Polignano , Silva Lorena de Paula , Serpa Alexandre Luiz Oliveira , Malloy-Diniz Leandro Fernandes
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) designates a group of symptoms related to impairments in valuable life domains. Objectives: The aims were to translate, adapt and validate a psychometrically informed scale of SCT, the Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI), for the Brazilian context. Method: The scale was translated, back-translated, and evaluated by an expert panel. After the semantic equivalence analysis, 446 participants (295 women) aged 18 to 65 years (M = 34.99, SD = 10.7) answered an internet-based survey. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted with the items of the ACI, Adult Self Report Scale (ASRS-18), the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of ACI items. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to test the ACI latent structure. Correlations between ACI, ASRS-18 and SRQ-20 were also calculated. Results: The experts’ semantic equivalence analyzes pointed to 85% of average agreement. The EFA with ACI, ASRS-18, and SRQ-20 showed 10 ACI items with acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The most suitable solution in the CFA was the one-factor model (RMSEA = 0.039 [IC90%: 0.0 – 0.09]; CFI = 0.997; TLI = 0.996). The reliability was satisfactory (α = 0.920). The correlations between ACI measures and the ASRS-18 inattention were high. Conversely, the correlations with the ASRS-18 hyperactivity-impulsivity were of medium intensity and when controlling for inattention became non-significative. Conclusion: Overall, the preliminary results showed the reliability and validity of the ACI Brazilian Portuguese version. Further studies should focus on determining the generalization and measurement invariance of these findings.
A Threefold of Lutheran Theological Institutions in the Midst of Theological Education in South Africa: 1960–1993
Authors: Mashabela Kenokeno , Madise Mokhele
Published: December 2022

This article explores the undocumented history of theological institutions belonging to the Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (LCSA) which contributed to South African theological education. The establishment of these institutions was initially managed by the mission societies of the LCSA and later the regional leadership. This development created the necessity for centralised theological training since 1910. Due to the political landscape of South Africa, theological education was adversely affected. The LCSA looked at ways to sustain theological education and as a result of the church’s passion, Lutheran Theological education was established. However, the LCSA worked in collaboration with other Christian denominations to achieve its ecumenical vision and establish a solid foundation of theological education.
Artificial intelligence: Its role in dermatopathology
Authors: Jartarkar Shishira R.
Published: December 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI), a major frontier in the field of medical research, can potentially lead to a paradigm shift in clinical practice. A type of artificial intelligence system known as convolutional neural network points to the possible utility of deep learning in dermatopathology. Though pathology has been traditionally restricted to microscopes and glass slides, recent advancement in digital pathological imaging has led to a transition making it a potential branch for the implementation of artificial intelligence. The current application of artificial intelligence in dermatopathology is to complement the diagnosis and requires a well-trained dermatopathologist’s guidance for better designing and development of deep learning algorithms. Here we review the recent advances of artificial intelligence in dermatopathology, its applications in disease diagnosis and in research, along with its limitations and future potential.
Facile synthesis and selected characteristics of two-dimensional material composed of iron sulfide and magnesium-based hydroxide layers (tochilinite)
Authors: Mikhlin Yuri , Borisov Roman , Bayukov Oleg , Knyazev Yuriy , Zharkov Sergey , Vorobyev Sergey , Tomashevich Yevgeny , Likhatski Maxim , Ivaneeva Anastasiya , Karacharov Anton , Karpov Denis , Velikanov Dmitriy , Rautskii Mikhail , Smolyakov Dmitry , Tarasov Anton
Published: December 2022

We report here a simple hydrothermal synthesis of 100-200 nm flakes of tochilinite m(Fe1 xS)n(Mg,Fe)(OH)2 constructed by interchanging atomic sheets of iron sulfide and magnesium hydroxide as a representative of a new platform of multifunctional two-dimensional materials. The formation and characteristics of the material was studied using X-ray and electron diffraction, TEM, EDS, X-ray photoelectron and 57Fe Mössbauer and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies, measurements of magnetization, dielectric permittivity, and zeta potential of aqueous dispersions. The reliable formation of tochilinite was ensured by a large excess of sodium sulfide, which induced negative zeta potential (about -30 mV) of tochilinite dispersions, whereas the potential approached zero for nearly-stoichiometric S/Fe precursor ratios. The assembly of the metal sulfide and hydroxide sheets driven by their opposite electric charges starts immediately after mixing the reagents at room temperature. The hydroxide layers contain Fe3+, not Fe2+, cations, the quantity of which was reduced and increased in the range 10 to 40% of Mg2+ by addition of Al and Li, respectively. The Fe-deficient sulfide sheets contain comparable amounts of high-spin Fe3+ and Fe2+ centers, and minor S-S bonding. The room-temperature Mössbauer spectra were fitted with several doublets with the chemical shift of 0.35-0.4 mm/s and varying quadrupole splitting. Magnetic ordering at 4.2 K manifested by three six-line patterns with the hyperfine fields of ~290, 350 and 480 kOe attributed to overlapped Fe2+-S and Fe3+-OH signals, Fe3+-S centers and some Fe3+-O centers, respectively; a paramagnetic behavior was observed in SQUID experiments. The temperature and frequency dependences of permittivity revealed the activation energy of ~0.3 eV, probably, due to electron transitions involving Fe 3d states. A series of UV-vis absorption maxima were explained in terms of the high-index all-dielectric Mie resonance and the ligand-to-metal charge transfer alike Fe-S clusters in proteins. Prospective properties and applications of the materials are discussed.
Closed-loop automatic gradient design for liquid chromatography using Bayesian optimization
Authors: Boelrijk Jim , Ensing Bernd , Forré Patrick , Pirok Bob
Published: December 2022

Contemporary complex samples require sophisticated methods for full analysis. This work describes the development of a Bayesian optimization algorithm for automated and unsupervised development of gradient programs. The algorithm was tailored to LC using a Gaussian process model with a novel covariance kernel. To facilitate unsupervised learning, the algorithm was designed to interface directly with the chromatographic system. Single-objective and multi-objective Bayesian optimization strategies were investigated for the separation of two complex (n>18, and n>80) dye mixtures. Both approaches found satisfactory optima in under 35 measurements. The multi-objective strategy was found to be powerful and flexible in terms of exploring the Pareto front. The performance difference between the single-objective and multi-objective strategy was further investigated using a retention modeling example. One additional advantage of the multi-objective approach was that it allows for a trade-off to be made between multiple objectives without prior knowledge. In general, the Bayesian optimization strategy was found to be particularly suitable, but not limited to, cases where retention modelling is not possible, although its scalability might be limited in terms of the number of parameters that can be simultaneously optimized.
A PCTRAN BASED ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF BREAKSIZE AND COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN HOT AND COLD LEG LOSS OF COOLANT ACCIDENTS IN VVER 1200 POWER REACTOR
Authors:   Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh, Omar Salauddin , Hasan Mohammad Nasim ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a comparative analysis of loss of coolant accident (LOCA) in hot leg and cold leg of primary circuit in a VVER 1200 nuclear power plant is investigated. The effect of break size on the severity of the accident is observed. The break size was varied in the range 200-11350 cm2. For all the accident scenarios, station blackout (SBO) condition is set up. Additionally, it is assumed that no ECCS (Emergency Core Cooling System) is available due to system malfunction. The whole scenario is simulated in PCTRAN (Personal Computer Transient Analyzer) software. Results reveal that with the increase in the size of the break area, the core uncovering time decreases sharply. However, for a break size of 2800 cm2 or smaller, the water level in the core doesn’t drop to zero, indicating that the core is partially uncovered throughout the accident scenario. In case of hot leg LOCA, the draining of the reactor vessel is observed to be more rapid compared to cold leg LOCA, while the core melting started earlier in case of cold leg.
EVALUATION OF MILK YIELD PERFORMANCE OF FRIESIAN CROSSBRED COWS WITH DIFFERENT BLOOD LEVEL IN BARISHAL DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Solaiman Md , Sorowar Md Golam , Mahbubul Mohammad , Hossain Faruk , Islam Md Ashraful , Chanda Tanni
Published: December 2022

Friesian crossbred is the most popular dairy animal in Bangladesh though very little work has been done on production performance at various blood level on southern part of this country. The current study was carried out to investigate milk yield performance of this popular crossbred cow genotype having three different blood levels in Barisal district (Ganges tidal flood plain area) of Bangladesh. Thirty-three (33) crossbred cows were assigned in which 11 were 50% Local-50% Friesian, 11 were 25% Local-75% Friesian and 11 were 25% Local-50% Friesian- 25% Sahiwal considered for current study. Microsoft Excel was used to analyze collected data. Highest average daily milk yield of 5.74 lit. was obtained from 25% Local-50% Friesian-25% Sahiwal, followed by 5.24 lit. from 25% Local-75% Friesian and 3.96 lit. from 50% Local- 50% Friesian cows. In case of 50% Local-50% Frisian, highest average daily milk was found in 5th lactation while lowest was in 1st lactation. For 25% Local- 75% Friesian and 25% Local-50% Friesian-25% Sahiwal, highest mean milk yield per day was found in 3rd lactation while in 1st lactation it was lowest. It was concluded that among the three crossbred genotypes studied 25% Local-50% Friesian-25% Sahiwal was most efficient in term of milk production in southern part (Barisal district) of Bangladesh
GROWTH INDICES, PRODUCTION ECONOMICS AND ORGANOLEPTIC ASSESSMENT OF WEANED PIGS FED FERMENTED HIGH QUALITY CASSAVA PEEL® MEAL IN PLACE OF MAIZE
Authors: Ojediran Taiwo K. , E. Areo Oluwaseun , O. Salawu Hameed , Durojaiye Victor , Emiola Adewale
Published: December 2022

The growth indices, production economics, and organoleptic assessment of weaned pigs offered fermented high-quality cassava peel (HQCP) meal in place of maize were examined in an eight-week feeding trial. Thirty male pigs (Large white crossed with Landrace, average weight of 6.47±0.26kg) were divided into five dietary treatment groups, each with six replicates. Five experimental diets were formulated. A palm kernel cake-maize-soybean meal-based diet was the control (1). The maize was replaced with fermented HQCP meal at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% respectively in diets 2, 3, 4, and 5. The meal had 7.85% crude protein, 4.46% ether extract, 7.10% crude fibre, 6.80% ash, 64.09% nitrogen-free extract, 90.30% dry matter content and 2895.31 kcal/kg metabolizable energy. The feed conversion ratio differs (p<0.05) among the groups. Feed cost (FC) and FC per kg per weight gain were reduced with increasing fermented HQCP while the economic efficiency of gain increased (p<0.05). Organoleptic assessment of colour and flavour differs among the groups (p<0.05). Therefore, fermented HQCP meal can replace 75% of maize in diets of weaned pigs without any adverse effect on growth, production economics, and organoleptic assessment.
A Study On Efficacy Of Different Pesticides Against Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea Operculella) In Storage Seed Potato
Authors: Basnet Reshu , Adhikari Aakash , Bhandari Garima , Simkhada Resona
Published: December 2022

Mass rearing of potato tuber moths was conducted in a biocontrol laboratory to seek out appropriate management for the pest. The larvicidal efficacy of insecticides was studied by using four insecticides Bojho, Emamectine benzoate, Spinosad, Neem. The study discovered the effectiveness of all the insecticides, however the three pesticides had higher efficacy compare to Neem. The overall result indicates the highest mortality rate in treatments Bojho (100%), Emamectine benzoate (100%), and Spinosad (100%) whereas the lowest mortality rate in treatment Neem (94%). The infestation was conjointly high in Neem compare to the other three pesticides. To examine the efficacy of pesticides against PTM the applied treatments Bojho, Emamectine benzoate, and Spinosad was found to be the best insecticide among the trials in bringing down the PTM population as Neem showed to be less effective out of the total four pesticides applied. All the pesticides were effective in reducing insect population under laboratory conditions; however, their effectiveness was directly proportional to concentration and exposure periods. The study has demonstrated the possibility of using novel compounds in the IPM program.
ABUNDANCE, DAMAGE SEVERITY OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF CHILLI AND THEIR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT THROUGH IPM BASED MODULES
Authors: Alam Md. Jewel , Hasan Imam Mehedi , Sayeed Kazi Md. Abu
Published: December 2022

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vital and the most essential spice as well as vegetable crop in Bangladesh. Nowadays, the productivity of chilli is being decrease due to attack of insect pests. For the purpose of study on the abundance and damage severity, randomize 10 plants were selected from the experimental field. Besides, a field investigation was conducted at the field laboratory of Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh in a randomized block design (RCBD) with a plot size of 1m2 with each treatment replicated three times in order to know the feasibility of four IPM based modules against major insect pests of chilli during Rabi season, 2020-2021 where Chilli variety BARI Morich-03 was used as an experimental crop. Results revealed that aphid exhibited the highest number of population (312.89/plant) and it caused damage maximum (36.57%) too which was followed by 264.36, 206.42, 186.95/plant and 32.16%, 23.45%, 19.88% in thrips, mites and jassid, respectively. The rank of incidence and damage was aphid>thrips>mites>jassid. On the contrary, for controlling the insect pests of chilli, of different IPM based modules, M-2 module was found the most promising in reducing the population of aphids (22.47/plant), thrips (53.18/plant), mites (62.45/plant), jassid (54.12/plant) and fruit borer (3.19/plant), where were obtained the greater plant height (72.35cm), highest number of branches (31.02/plant) & green fruits (404.13/plant) per plant, maximum weight of 1000 seed (4.03g) and better yield (8.42 t/ha). Furthermore, the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) (1:1.56) was recorded by M-2 modules followed by M-4 (1:1.44), M-1 (1:1.12) and M-3 (1:1.09), respectively. Thus, the overall order of effectiveness of various IPM based modules was M-2>M-4>M-1>M-3. From the result, it also may be concluded that the cumulative insect pests per plant was strong as well as negatively correlated with the yield (t/ha) i.e. yield was increased due to decrease of cumulative insect pests per plant in chilli production. Therefore, M-2 can be used to reduction of major insect pests of chilli, environment safely and increased yield of chilli.
POTENTIAL USE OF ANIMAL MANURES IN MANAGING PHYTOPHTHORA WILT OF CHILLI CAUSED BY PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI
Authors: Rai Ganja Singh , Guest David Ian
Published: December 2022

Phytophthora wilt of chilli, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is a major concern for many growers because an effective management method has not been identified yet. In agriculture, animal manures have primarily been focussed on the supply of nutrients to the crops but their use for suppression of soil borne diseases is not well investigated and understood. In this study, we examined the efficacy of five different animal manures (poultry, cattle, goat, pig and sheep) at four levels (1, 5, 10 and 20% volume/volume) added to potting mix for management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli. The preliminary study revealed that the quantity of 5 g per pot (500 mL) of P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculum was effective for the development of Phytophthora wilt in chilli seedlings grown in coir-based potting media. The main greenhouse experiments were conducted in randomised complete design with five replications. The results showed that all types of manures were effective in increasing the survival rate of chilli by reducing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt. In the first planting all manures caused at least two-fold increase in plant survival compared to the inoculated control. The chilli plant survival was much higher in the second planting when seedlings were planted after six week of incorporation of manures and seven weeks after inoculation of potting mix. Among manures, the highest plant survival percentage at the final assessment was found in pots amended with 20% v/v poultry manure in both the first (66%) and the second (86%) plantings. For sustainable and effective management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli, this study recommends application of poultry manure to growing media two months before planting of chilli seedlings.
PERSPECTIVE OF OLIVE FARMING AT BAJURA, NEPAL: MAIN OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Bhattarai Keshav , Aryal Yubraj , Khatri Deepak , Basnet Bikas , Joshi Pankaj Prashad
Published: December 2022

Olive crop farming is getting popular in western higher altitude districts of Nepal, economically, and socially as a sustainable source of rural income and employment. Our survey is beneficial in determining the primary constraints and opportunities of Olive (Olea europaea) in Nepal’s Bajura district.75 olive growers are randomly selected through the Raosoft sample calculator and a survey have performed. The design of the survey is a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and 2 focus group discussions through descriptive statistical analysis for problem and prospects ranking is done. Chi-square test, t-test, and a linear regression model are used for quantitative data analysis. Our study shows land holding capacity of more than half of olive growers is less than 5 Ropani, sixty-four percent of farmers are lacking training on organic farming and engaging in olive farming from 5 to 15 years through conventional style, lacks of quality planting materials, olive specific research on pest and diseases, etc. The promoted factor for olive cultivation is comparative advantage, increasing demand, high export potential, subsidies and training programs in the small area, etc. our study help researchers and policymaker to visualize the problem and prospects for making a strong foundation for economic status improvement through commercial olive farming in Bajura, Nepal.
ADOPTION STRATEGIES AND IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON RICE CULTIVATION PRACTICES
Authors: Budathoki Elina , Joshi Hema , Gajurel Kritan , Bhuje Prabina , Yadav Pankaj Kumar
Published: December 2022

Climate change is contemporary global threat to this planet. Greenhouse gases which are responsible for global warming and its impact is accelerated by anthropogenic activities. Increasing temperature is creating influence on rice cultivation, production and productivity. In this regard, this study was conducted on Dilasaini Rural municipality of Baitadi district during the period of Jan to Feb 2018 to assess the impact of climate change on rice production and adaptation strategy. Interview survey, key informant interview, focus group discussion were conducted in collecting primary information. Sixty households were sampled from a total of 1538 households with random sampling for interviews survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS computer software. Temperature and precipitation data analysis between 1987 to 2015 showed some changes. Temperature was in increasing trend. The maximum mean temperature was increasing at 0.057°C/year and the minimum mean temperature was increasing at 0.0075°C/decade. Total rainfall was decreasing by 25.22 mm/yr. It was found that some special signs of climate change are experienced by rural communities of the study area. Local communities perceived increasing warm days and shortening cold/winter days. Almost 100 percent respondents have experienced increasing temperature and unusual rainfall events with direct impacts on rice production. Most of the farming communities experienced unusual weather patterns with negative impacts on rice production, increasing water scarcity and increased frequency of weather related disasters. The indicators to this were decrease in the production of crops, occurrence of invasive species at alarming rate and infestation of pests and diseases. As the farmer are practicing the cultivation of the local seed instead of hybrid varieties of the crop as the production is decreasing due to lack of resistance power of the local variety with changing climate, new diseases and pest infestation. On the other hand, changing climate of the area is showing effect on the flowering time of rice species and so were the germination, harvesting and maturing times of rice had changed. All these changes in rice had influenced on the food security of the people in study area, the income from agriculture had decreased, so people are separating from their traditional occupation, way of life and they are seeking alternative professions. Adaptation strategy has not been used due to lack of proper knowledge on adaptation methodology so the farmer of the study area are facing problem to cope with the situation and ultimately facing problem of food security.
OVERVIEW OF HALAL FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE SYSTEM: MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Kartika Betania , Parson Sitti Walida , Kassim Zaleha , Khan Chowdhury Ahmed Jalal
Published: December 2022

In line with the increasing halal demand around the world, one of the sectors that attract the halal world attention is the freshwater aquaculture for fish food. The demand goes higher day by day as the marine catch start to deplete and world needs an alternative to suffice the demand for protein supply. This paper discusses the overview of current freshwater scenario in Malaysia and reported issues regarding the depreciation of halal of freshwater fish exposed by media for the last few years up until the recent time. The issue of water pollution which is synonymous in freshwater aquaculture activity is also briefly discussed. Moreover, this paper also outlines the potential issue that is often overseen even by the farm operator in order to obtain the halal farm certified. Solution is also given in this paper by proposing the application of halal block chain technology in freshwater aquaculture sector. The methodology used is mainly the library research from various reliable sources, such as database and search engine that cover selected journals and information regarding the subject matters, including references from local or international fisheries authorities. Expert views focusing on block chain technology through article writing in mass media are also taken as a reference. The discussion in this paper hopefully can provide a clearer view on the reality of issues faced by the freshwater fish aquaculture sector as well as provide a good potential solution by the application of disruptive technology of block chain system in accordance with the government recommendations in Industrial Revolution 4.0.