bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro inhibition of Fusarium spp. isolated from bean crop using Argemone ochroleuca extract
Authors: Ruiz-Nieto Jorge E. , Arias-Figueroa Dulce M. , Mireles-Arriaga Ana I. , Hernández-Ruíz Jesús
Published: May 2024

Species of the genus Fusarium are the main cause of root rot in bean crops, resulting in yield losses of up to 50%. Synthetic fungicides are the primary tools for their control; however, they cause environmental damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracts from A. ochroleuca on Fusarium spp. under in vitro conditions. During the spring-summer 2022 growing season, plants exhibiting symptoms of wilting and vascular browning were collected. The isolated fungi were purified through monosporic cultures and hyphal tip techniques, and their morphological characteristics were characterized. To determine growth inhibition, a poisoned medium methodology was employed, evaluating two concentrations of extracts (13% and 23%) in both ethanol and aqueous mediums. The obtained isolates corresponded to the morphological characteristics of Fusarium. The extract volumes that showed 100% inhibition were the 23% concentration in both ethanol and aqueous mediums. The 13% ethanol extract exhibited inhibition ranging from 29% to 62% between the first and tenth day of incubation. The 13% aqueous extract displayed inhibition ranging from 25% to 43%. The Argemone ochroleuca extract demonstrates antifungal properties against Fusarium spp. isolated from beans.
Caracterización física y química de residuos orgánicos locales con uso potencial como componentes de sustratos hortícolas
Authors: Estrada-Botello Maximiano A. , Gayosso-Rodríguez Salomé , Pérez-Cabrera Carlos A. , Villanueva-Couoh Eduardo
Published: May 2024

En las últimas décadas se ha generado el interés por integrar los residuos agroindustriales y de cosecha en la producción agrícola en sistemas de producción intensivos, para disminuir el impacto ambiental y los costos de producción. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar química y físicamente algunos residuos agroindustriales y de vegetales disponibles localmente en el estado de Tabasco México, para conocer su uso potencial como componentes de sustratos agrícolas. Se caracterizaron propiedades químicas y físicas de materiales orgánicos: pH y CE, granulometría, diámetro medio de partícula (Dm), densidad aparente (Da), porosidad total (Pt), capacidad de aireación (CA) y porosidad de retención de agua (Pra), y se determinaron las curvas de retención de humedad. El pH de los materiales analizados osciló desde 5.1 hasta 10,44, la CE fue menor a 2 dS·m-1 excepto para el lirio acuático y la fibra del raquis de plátano. La granulometría de los materiales analizados tuvo más del 25 % de partículas menores a 0,85 mm; no obstante, la viruta de teca y la cascarilla del fruto de palma de aceite tuvieron un Dm de 5,67 mm y 3,21 mm, respectivamente, lo que incrementó su capacidad de aireación. El aserrín de pino y la cascarilla de fruto de cacao tuvieron valores superiores al testigo en Da, Pt, Pra, CA y agua disponible total. En conclusión, los materiales tienen diferentes características de aireación y retención de humedad, y se pueden combinar en distintas proporciones de acuerdo a las características físicas e hidrofísicas particulares y generar un equilibrio en la relación agua-aire.
MUHAMMAD ABDUH: REFORMASI DAN PURIFIKASI INTELEKTUALITAS DUNIA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM TAHUN 1866-1905M
Authors: Darmawan Budi , Wirman Eka Putra , Zainal Zainal , Efendi Efendi
Published: May 2024

Muhammad Abduh was a reformer and thinker who was very influential in the history of Islamic thought. His thoughts have had a significant impact on various stages of people's thinking life including aspects of Al-Qur'an interpretation, education, social, politics, civilization and so on. But the focus of the discussion in this article is about thinking and its contribution to education because education for Abduh is very important in determining the wheel of progress for future generations. Abduh's belief in the power of reason made Muhammad Abduh apply a lot of understanding which said that humans have freedom of thought and action according to the teachings he brought. Abduh reformed various sectors, but his biggest reform was through education. Abduh made education the main way to purify the Islamic world which was polluted by taklid. This education reform by Muhammad Abduh aimed to restore reason to a proper position in the Islamic world, because a reform and purification of education will have a long-lasting impact. and continuously on Muslims.
KOMPETENSI TIK BAGI GURU MODEL ICT-CFT UNESCO VERSI 3.0 TAHUN 2018 DAN PROPOSAL BARU PAI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rosyadi Imron , Novrizal Novrizal
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini tentang apa dan bagaimana implementasi ICT-CFT atau Kerangka Kompetensi TIK untuk Guru Versi 3.0 UNESCO tahun 2018 dan juga kendala dan tantangannya sehingga dengan temuan dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar konsep pengembangan Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia. Adapun hasil temuan dari kajian pustaka yaitu proposal PAI di Indoneia;  1) Pendidikan dibangun atas prinsip; kerjasama, koloborasi, dan solidaritas sosial sesama umat manusia. 2.Pembelajaran dengan media berbasis TIK atas kompetensi ICT-CFT UNESCO versi. 3.0. bagi guru.
OPTIMALISASI KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DI SDN KUNCIRAN 8 PINANG, KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Anshori Muh , Oktavera Siska , Abdillah Arif
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengulas pembelajaran berdiferensiasi yang dilakukan di SDN Kunciran 8 Pinang, Tangerang Selatan yang bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan kemandirian belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu penelitian lapangan yang data-datanya disajikan dalam bentuk kalimat atau kata-kata. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi kasus yang mana peneliti melakukan investigasi terkait permasalahan yang terjadi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan observasi dimana peneliti mengamati secara langsung terkait proses pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, wawancara dimana peneliti mewawancarai langsung dengan para guru, dan dokumentasi. Dan teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan dari fenomena yang diamati. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sebelum menerapkan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi terlebih dahulu melakukan asesmen diagnostik yang mana siswa dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu: kelompok auditori, visual, dan kinestetik. Setelah itu dilakukan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu: diferensiasi konten, proses, dan produk. Dan dengan seperti itu kemandirian belajar siswa dapat dioptimalkan. Penelitian ini menyimpukan bahwa optimalisasi kemandirian belajar siswa dengan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di SDN Kunciran 8 sudah cukup baik, dengan adanya konten yang siswa dapat memilih sendiri, kemudian dengan prosesnya yang siswa dapat melaksanakannya dengan mandiri serta dengan menghasilkan produk sesuai dengan kemampuannya sendiri.
An Unexpected Case of Chronic Constipation in A 16-Year-Old Girl Turned Out to Be Hirschsprung’s Disease
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham , Herzoni Muhammad Ilham , Ginting Fuji Mentari
Published: May 2024

Background: Constipation is a disorder in the gastrointestinal tract, which can result in the infrequent stools, difficult stool passage with pain and stiffness. A large sum of public funds is also being spent on caring for children with constipation due to repeated hospital admissions, emergency room visits, and regular clinic visits because of recurrent exacerbations of their symptom. Case: An older children 16-year-old girl complaining of not having smooth bowel movements since birth. She complaints of nausea, vomiting, and flatulence are present. The stomach is minimal enlarged, but stomach pain is absent. the patient underwent a barium enema colon examination and underwent a punch biopsy operation which confirming the diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease. The patient underwent trans endorectal pull-through (TERPT). Several weeks later, the patient returned to the pediatric surgery clinic for a follow-up, and it was found that the patient’s intestinal function was normal. There were no complaints of vomiting, bloating, or abdominal pain. Conclusion: Chronic constipation in older children cannot rule out the possibility of a diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease. Medical history alarm symptoms or signs in children differ according to the age of onset of symptoms. A series of tests should be performed to exclude underlying diseases. so that the chosen treatment can become definitive therapy.
Imaging of Barium Esophagogram and Abdominal Computed Tomography of Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction: Case Report
Authors: Fajrin Rahadi Edo , Rizal Hanafiah Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction is one of the most common cancers in the world, with an estimated mortality rate 1 million deaths each year. In this case we report a patient with symptom of dysphagia for the last 3 months. Esophagogram and Abdominal Computed Tomography were performed to diagnosis and determine the staging of the disease. Pathological examination and endoscopy are also needed to support diagnosis. This case highlights the utility of radiological findings, supported by other examinations to determine the diagnosis of Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction.
Stress Testing Bank Financial Systems: A Technological Perspective
Authors: Onuoha Dominica Ukamaka
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the pivotal role of stress testing in maintaining the resilience and stability of banking financial systems, emphasizing the crucial integration of advanced technology. In an era marked by volatile global financial markets, the capability of banks to endure economic shocks is essential. This research highlights how technological advancements are crucial in developing, implementing, and refining stress testing methodologies to effectively navigate the complexities of contemporary financial systems. Through a comprehensive analysis, including a literature review, methodology overview, and case studies, the paper explores the transformative impact of technology, such as advanced analytics, big data, machine learning, and Blockchain, on stress testing frameworks. It delves into the challenges and opportunities presented by technological integration, underscoring the indispensable role of technology planning associates in aligning stress testing practices with cutting-edge innovations. The paper concludes with insights into future directions for stress testing methodologies and technologies, emphasizing the ongoing need for sophisticated, adaptive models and the crucial collaboration between financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and technology experts to enhance the banking sector’s resilience against financial crises.
Legislative Laws Forcing Outing in Public Schools: Attacks on LGBTQ Rights
Authors: Clingan Phillip
Published: May 2024

The subject of this paper highlights the alarming direction taken by legislative laws in the US public schools forcing LGBTQ students to out their identities. Through reviewing the constitutional rights of these students despite such legislation, especially the freedom of expression and privacy that the students are guaranteed in the First Amendment, the paper easily underlines such infringements. These reforms also confront the major risks that the young LGBT population faces due to the laws being introduced. Based on recent trials and statistics, the goal of this work is to shine a light on the critical implications of such legislation on the social and educational lives of LGBTQ learners. In this evaluation, it forwards the policies that harmonize inclusivity, equality, gender identity, and sexual orientation. The coming out of the LGBTQ students in public school exposes them to risks that ensure their privacy is a major challenge, as well as the shouldering of different forms of discrimination. This is a hostile and damaging setting that wrecks the feelings of safety and belonging as a part of the mental health degradation that leads to depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts. At the same time, these laws jeopardize LGBTQ students’ educational progress by hampering them from reaching the desired educational level and developing their sense of social well-being. These challenges can be redressed only by bringing together policymakers, teachers, and advocates to do away with such laws and replace them with policies that grant rights and dignity to LGBTQ youth. A society that is handling stigma and discrimination this way will be more equal and supportive to all students enabling them to achieve and be what they are meant to be.
Relationship Between Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio, Muscle Mass and Fat Mass Percentage with Quality of Life in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lestari Ni Nyoman Widyastuti , Kusumawardani Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi , Harimawan Agustinus I Wayan , Candrawati Ni Wayan , Artana I Gusti Ngurah Bagus , Arisanti Ni Luh Putu Eka , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah
Published: May 2024

Background: Cachexia is a challenging condition characterized by the loss of muscle and/or fat mass, often seen in cancer patients. Assessing the impact of inflammatory markers like Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) along with muscle and fat mass on quality of life can provide valuable insights for improving the management and treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Method: This was an analytical observational analytic study conducted using a cross-sectional design in Bali from August to September 2023. Univariate analysis presents data in the form of frequency, median, mean and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was carried out using Chi-Square and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. Result: The total number of research subjects who met the requirements were 93 patients. The analysis showed a significant relationship between NLR and muscle mass (CI: 95%, OR: 2.373, p-value = 0.042) while there was no relationship between NLR and fat mass percentage (CI: 95%, OR: 1.568, p value = 0.382). Variables NLR (CI: 95%, adjOR: 0.217, p value=0.032), muscle mass (CI: 95%, adjOR: 12.207, p value=0.002), fat mass (CI: 95%, adjOR: 9.128, p-value =0.020) is significantly related to quality of life. Conclusion: NLR levels, muscle mass, and fat mass percentage have a significant relationship with the quality of life of NSCLC patients. The NLR was related to muscle mass, while there is no relationship between NLR and the percentage of muscle mass.
Characteristics of Respiration Symptoms and Lung Function of Rice Milling Workers in Suwug Village, Sawan District, Buleleng Regency
Authors: Kusumawardani Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi , Artana I Gusti Ngurah Bagus , Wesnawa Made Agustya Darma Putra , Putra Wayan Wahyu Semara , Widyaningsih Putu Dyah , Putra I Wayan Angga Suamerta , Chandra Edric , Tandibua Desy Irene
Published: May 2024

Background: Rice milling is an important industry in the agricultural sector, but during the process can affect the health of workers. Method: This research is an observational analytical study using a cross-sectional design, which was conducted in Suwug Village, Sawan District, Buleleng Regency in August 2023. Results: There were 106 samples that met the inclusion criteria. Cough is the dominant respiratory symptom found in rice mill workers. The average FEV1 was 1.59 ± 0.64 liters and 74.34 ±24.21%, the average FVC was 2.04 ± 0.73 and 77.82 ± 38.73%, the median FEV1/FVC value was 76.59 (22.25) and the median FEF25-75 was 68.11 (58.50). Cough was found to be more common in female samples (p = 0.048). Wheezing was found more in samples that did not use PPE (p = 0.026). FEV1/FVC values were lower in active smokers 71.80 ± 16.33 (p = 0.043). FEV1(%), FEV1/FVC (%), and FEF25-75 were significantly lower in more than 20 years old workers with values respectively 64.06±24.42; 67.93±15.44; and 46.65 ± 31.73 (p = 0.00). The mean FEF25-75 was lower in samples <63.94 years old (p = 0.028). Airway obstruction was predominantly in workers for more than 20 years. Conclusion: There was no correlation between all respiratory symptoms including coughing, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, chest pain, sputum, purulent sputum, and wheezing based on age, smoking status, and length of work. There were no significant differences in spirometry results based on age, gender, smoking status, and use of PPE.
ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL FARMACÊUTICO NA ORIENTAÇÃO AO TRATAMENTO DA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER
Authors: Moraes Matheus Ferreira Rodrigues de , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: May 2024

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é um transtorno neurodegenerativo progressivo e fatal que se manifesta pela deterioração cognitiva e da memória, comprometimento progressivo das atividades de vida diária e uma variedade de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos e de alterações comportamentais. A doença instala-se quando o processamento de certas proteínas do sistema nervoso central começa a dar errado. Surgem, então, fragmentos de proteínas mal cortadas, tóxicas, dentro dos neurônios e nos espaços que existem entre eles. Como consequência dessa toxicidade, ocorre perda progressiva de neurônios em certas regiões do cérebro, como o hipocampo, que controla a memória, e o córtex cerebral, essencial para a linguagem e o raciocínio, memória, reconhecimento de estímulos sensoriais e pensamento abstrato. A causa ainda é desconhecida, mas acredita-se que seja geneticamente determinada. A Doença de Alzheimer é a forma mais comum de demência neurodegenerativa em pessoas de idade, sendo responsável por mais da metade dos casos de demência nessa população.
ÉTICA E MORAL NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA: CRIME DE RECEPTAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira Junior Alexinaldo Augusto Almeida de , Novais Thyara Gonçalves
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo analisa o crime de receptação, investigando seu contexto jurídico, ético e moral dentro da sociedade brasileira, a fim de promover reflexões sobre a aceitação social da receptação e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais eficazes de prevenção e combate a esse delito. A receptação, enquanto delito, foi examinada em seu contexto legal, com ênfase no código penal brasileiro e regulamentos pertinentes. Além disso, foram exploradas as implicações éticas associadas à prática da receptação, considerando os princípios morais e valores sociais envolvidos. Da análise prévia, surgiu a seguinte indagação: Como a sociedade brasileira percebe e responde ao crime de receptação?. Diante da indagação suscitada, primordialmente foi explorado o contexto histórico da formação social que deu origem ao crime de receptação no Brasil, a fim de demonstrar os resquícios históricos presentes na cultura e moral do país com ênfase a teoria da cegueira deliberada. O estudo realizado evidencia que o crime de receptação pode ser considerado uma manifestação socialmente enraizada, especialmente quando uma parte da comunidade contribui para sua ocorrência. Assim, diante da problemática envolvida entre crime, ética e moral, foi abordada a recepção nas esferas supramencionadas a fim de trazer maior clareza ao debate proposto.
EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES, PROMOVENDO A INCLUSÃO DE ALUNOS COM DIFERENTES NECESSIDADES NA ESCOLA
Authors: Silva Maria Raimunda Ribeiro da , Leal Débora Araújo
Published: May 2024

A Educação Inclusiva representa uma conquista significativa para os alunos com necessidades especiais, promovendo seu engajamento no processo de aprendizagem e assegurando acessibilidade escolar para todos. Para explorar este tema, foi conduzido um estudo de campo utilizando questionários com perguntas tanto objetivas quanto subjetivas. Além disso, a pesquisa bibliográfica foi empregada para embasar o trabalho com as ideias de diversos autores renomados, como Gonzalez (2002), Freitas (2009), César (2003), Oliveira (1995), entre outros, que abordam a temática pedagógica, destacando o contexto elucidativo do trabalho realizado em prol da Educação Inclusiva. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a Educação Inclusiva não é apenas uma conquista, mas sim um direito fundamental de todos os estudantes com deficiências que desejam prosseguir seus estudos, contribuindo para a prevenção do preconceito e para a inclusão de todos na sociedade, além de impactar positivamente suas trajetórias acadêmicas. Nesse sentido, é imperativo que o governo invista em recursos que assegurem o acesso de alunos com deficiência à sala de aula, e que sejam endereçadas as barreiras enfrentadas devido à falta de professores qualificados, bem como à infraestrutura inadequada das escolas, direcionando esforços para sua implementação e melhoria. Portanto, é evidente a necessidade de promover a inclusão nas escolas públicas do Brasil, garantindo um ambiente educacional acessível e acolhedor para todos os estudantes, independentemente de suas capacidades ou limitações.
Peering into the heart of thunderstorm clouds: Insights from cloud radar and spectral polarimetry
Authors: Mak Ho Yi Lydia , Unal Christine
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Lightning is a natural phenomenon that can be dangerous to humans. It is however challenging to study thunderstorm clouds using direct observations since it can be dangerous to fly into thunderstorm clouds. In this study, cloud radar at 35 GHz is used to study the properties and dynamics of thunderstorm clouds. It is based on a case of thunderstorm on 18 June 2021 from 16:10 to 17:45 UTC near Cabauw, the Netherlands. The technique of spectral polarimetric analysis at millimeter wavelength, which has not been used in previous studies about thunderstorm clouds so far, is used to help understand the behaviours of different types of particles within a radar resolution volume. Spectral polarimetric radar variables are used to investigate possible hydrometeors in the clouds and look for vertical alignment of ice crystals that is expected due to electric torque. Due to challenges posed by Mie scattering, scattering simulations are carried out to aid the interpretation of spectral polarimetric variables. It is shown that the start of the Mie regime in the Doppler spectrum can be identified by the use of the spectral differential phase. From the results, there is a high chance that supercooled liquid water and conical graupel are present in thunderstorm clouds. There is also a possibility of ice crystals arranged in chains at the cloud top. Ice crystals become vertically aligned a few seconds before lightning and return to their usual horizontal alignment afterwards. However, this phenomenon has been witnessed in only a few cases, specifically when the lightning strike is in close proximity to the radar's line of sight or when the lightning is exceptionally strong. Doppler analyses show that updrafts are found near the core of the thunderstorm cloud, while downdrafts are observed at the edges. Strong turbulence is also observed as reflected by the large Doppler spectrum width.
Argon Saturation in a Suite of Coupled General Ocean Circulation Biogeochemical Models off Mauretania
Authors: Dietze Heiner , Löptien Ulrike
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Numerical coupled ocean circulation biogeochemical modules are routinely employed in Earth System Models that provide projections into our warming future to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Previous studies have shown that a major source of uncertainties in the biogeochemical ocean component is the yet unacquainted vertical, or rather diapycnal, ocean mixing. The representation of diapycnal mixing in models is effected by several factors, among them are the (poorly constrained) parameter choices of the background diffusivity, the choice of the underlying advection numerics and the spatial discretization. This study adds to the discussion by exploring these effects in a suite of regional coupled ocean circulation biogeochemical model configurations. The configurations comprise the Atlantic Ocean off Mauretania – a region renown for its complex ocean circulation driven by seasonal wind patterns, coastal upwelling and peculiar mode water eddies featuring toxically low levels of dissolved oxygen. By exploiting simulated argon saturation as a proxy for effective mixing we show that the resolution effect beyond mesoscale on diapycnal mixing is comparable to other infamous spurious effects, such as the choice of advection numerics or a change of the background diffusivity within 20–40 %.
Tracing the origins of stratospheric ozone intrusions and their impacts on Central and Eastern China: a long-term study of direct and indirect pathways
Authors: Meng Kai , Zhao Tianliang , Bai Yongqing , Cao Le , Wu Ming , Hou Xuewei , Luo Yuehan
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The impact of stratospheric intrusions (SIs) on Central and Eastern China (CEC) with severe ozone pollution presents a range of uncertainties, underscoring the imperative for sustained research endeavors. In this study, we propose a traceability assessment method that can derive high-resolution critical source areas (CSAs) of SIs by utilizing ambient air quality observations, global ozone (re)analysis data, and customized Lagrangian simulations. This approach enables us to facilitate a meticulous and systematic examination of the impact of direct and indirect Sis on tropospheric and near-surface ozone in six important sub-regions within the CEC during the spring and summer of 2019, as well as the unique circulations driving SIs, from a more refined and targeted tracing perspective. The findings reveal that impacts of indirect intrusions are more efficient at monthly scales, with contributions to tropospheric ozone reaching up to twice the magnitude of direct intrusions. The impacts of direct intrusions are more pronounced at daily scales, primarily occurring in May. In terms of contribution to near-surface ozone, the eastern plains frequently witness ozone exceedance events, with the most substantial impact from SIs observed, (e.g., contributing 15.8 % and 16.7 % to near-surface ozone in North China and East China, respectively), showcasing a remarkable ability to capture descending lower stratospheric air. In contrast, Loess Plateau and Central China, situated in central and western high-altitude regions, receive more intrusive ozone into the troposphere but exhibit minimal contributions to near-surface ozone. The indirect intrusions that generate the above impact come from 3 to 4 CSAs located thousands of kilometers away, evenly distributed latitudinally within the westerlies between 40° and 70° N (spaced 70 longitudes apart). These CSAs are intricately linked to the evolution of synoptic-scale Rossby waves, with Western Siberia identified as the most significant CSA. Conversely, the CSAs for direct intrusions are relatively concentrated, with those influencing the middle troposphere originating from the Tibetan Plateau and those influencing the lower troposphere predominantly located in Mongolia and central Russia, just a few hundred kilometers from the CEC. These sources are associated with typical atmospheric circulations such as the Northeast Cold Vortex and the South Asian High, where the intensity of the intrusion system plays a more crucial role than its frequency of occurrence. This study provides valuable insights for forecasting and mitigating the impact of SIs on ozone pollution in China and contributes to addressing the broader challenges posed by climate change.
Reconstructed glacier area and volume changes in the European Alps since the Little Ice Age
Authors: Reinthaler Johannes , Paul Frank
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Glaciers in the European Alps have experienced drastic area and volume loss since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) around the year 1850. How large these losses were is only poorly known as, published estimates of area loss are mostly based on simple up-scaling and alpine-wide reconstructions of LIA glacier surfaces are lacking. For this study, we compiled all digitally available LIA glacier extents for the Alps and added missing outlines for glaciers >0.1 km2 by manual digitising. This was based on geomorphologic interpretation of moraines and trimlines on very high-resolution images in combination with historic topographic maps and modern glacier outlines. Glacier area changes are determined for all glaciers with LIA extents at a regional scale. Glacier surface reconstruction with a Geographic Information System (GIS) was applied to calculate (a) glacier volume changes for the entire region from the LIA until today and (b) total LIA glacier volume in combination with a reconstructed glacier bed. The glacier area shrunk by 2405 km2 (-57 %) from 4211 km2 at the LIA maximum to 1806 km2 in 2015 and volume was reduced from about 281 km3 around 1850 to 100 km3 (‑65 %) in 2015, roughly in line with previous estimates. In the mean, glacier surfaces lowered by -43.3 m until 2015 (-0.25 m a-1), which is three-times less than observed over the 2000 to 2015 period (-0.82 m a-1). Strongest volume losses occurred around 1600 m and at least 1832 glaciers melted away completely. Many glaciers have now only remnants of their former coverage left, which led to deglaciation of entire catchments. The new datasets should support a wide range of studies related to the effects of climate change in the Alps.
Going beyond BEM with BEM: an insight into dynamic inflow effects on floating wind turbines
Authors: Papi Francesco , Jonkman Jason , Robertson Amy , Bianchini Alessandro
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Blade element momentum (BEM) theory is the backbone of many industry-standard wind turbine aerodynamic models. To be applied to a broader set of engineering problems, BEM models have been extended since their inception and now include several empirical corrections. These models have benefitted from decades of development and refinement and have been extensively used and validated, proving their adequacy in predicting aerodynamic forces of horizontal-axis wind turbine rotors in most scenarios. However, the analysis of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) introduces new sets of challenges, especially if new-generation large and flexible machines are considered. In fact, due to the combined action of wind and waves and their interaction with the turbine structure and control system, these machines are subject to unsteady motion and thus unsteady inflow on the wind turbine's blades, which could put BEM models to the test. Consensus has not been reached on the accuracy limits of BEM in these conditions. This study contributes to the ongoing research on the topic by systematically comparing four different aerodynamic models, ranging from BEM to computational fluid dynamics, in an attempt to shed light on the unsteady aerodynamic phenomena that are at stake in FOWTs and whether BEM is able to model them appropriately. Simulations are performed on the UNAFLOW 1:75 scale rotor during imposed harmonic surge and pitch motion. Experimental results are available for these conditions and are used for baseline validation. The rotor is analyzed in both rated operating conditions and low wind speeds, where unsteady aerodynamic effects are expected to be more pronounced. Results show that BEM, despite its simplicity, can adequately model the aerodynamics of FOWTs in most conditions if augmented with a dynamic inflow model.
Counterfactuals in explainable artificial intelligence: Theory, algorithms, and applications
Authors:   , Chou Yu-Liang (Leon)
Published: May 2024

In this thesis, we delve into the realm of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), focusing on the crucial aspect of causability and counterfactual explanations. We investigate the current landscape of XAI research, proposing a novel taxonomy for model-agnostic counterfactual explanations. Additionally, we address the pressing need for standardized evaluation metrics to assess the quality of counterfactual algorithms. Through comprehensive experimentation, we uncover insights into the generation process and performance of various counterfactual algorithms across different machine learning models and datasets. Our findings underscore the importance of ensuring both quantitative and qualitative analyses for robust evaluation of XAI explanations.
A cone beam computed tomographic study on foramen transversarium
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Patil Karthikeya , Sanjay C.J. , Mahesh K.P. , Solayappan Eswari , Varusha Sharon Christopher , Suresh Namrata
Published: May 2024

The foramen transversarium is a vital feature found in the cervical vertebrae of the spine. It serves as a protective passageway for the vertebral artery and vertebral vein, supplying blood to the brain and spinal cord. Any compromise to these structures within the foramen can lead to severe neurological complications, emphasizing its clinical significance. The study was carried out on 83 subjects of typical cervical vertebrae. Among them were 42 males and 41 females. All the foramen transversaria were observed for any anatomical variations. The anteroposterior, transverse diameters of all the foramen transversaria and the distance between the medial margin of uncinate process to the foramen transversarium were measured. The average transverse diameter of typical cervical vertebrae and seventh cervical vertebrae were ± 0.84mm and 5.13 ± 1.22 mm respectively. The average anteroposterior diameters of typical and seventh cervical vertebrae were 4.84 ± 0.69 mm and 3.91 ± 1.17 mm respectively. The distance from medial border of uncinate process to foramen transversaria was 4.28 ± 0.77 mm in typical and 5.44 ± 1.28 mm in seventh cervical vertebrae. The incidence of double bubble foramen in typical cervical vertebrae was reported to be17.5%. The incidence of double foramen transversaria was 12.5% in the seventh cervical vertebrae. Osteophytes were obstructing the foramen transversarium and narrowing it in 25% of vertebrae. In cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), the foramen transversarium plays a pivotal role in precise imaging of the cervical spine. Its significance lies in providing clear visualization of anatomical structures and potential abnormalities, aiding in the accurate diagnosis and treatment planning for various spinal conditions, thus enhancing patient care.
The relationship between optic nerve and Onodi cells on CT scan
Authors:   Department of Otolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Huyen Tran Lam , Vinh Thuan Nguyen Le ,   Department of Otolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: May 2024

The Onodi cells, also known as sphenoethmoidal air cells, are a variant of the most posterior ethmoid cells and are closely related to the optic canal. The presence of Onodi cells may increase the risk of optic nerve injury and result in confusion with sphenoid sinuses during endoscopic sinus surgery, leading to the oversight of sphenoid sinus pathology. The aim of the study was to examine the characteristics of Onodi cells and their relationship with the optic nerve on CT scans. A cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing CT scans of paranasal sinuses in 196 posterior ethmoid air cells from 98 patients (30 males and 68 females) aged 18 or older, without abnormalities in the paranasal sinuses and optic nerve anatomy. The prevalence of Onodi cells was 38.78%, with 26.32% on the left, 44.74% on the right, and 28.94% bilaterally. Onodi cell pneumatization was observed in the order of Type I > Type II > Type III on both sides. The most common relationship between Onodi cells and the optic nerve was Type A on both sides. The incidence of the optic nerve bulging into Onodi cells was 50%, and the exposure of the optic nerve into Onodi cells was 7.89%. The study investigated the prevalence and relationship between Onodi cells and the optic nerve. CT scans proved to be a crucial diagnostic tool in providing essential information about Onodi cells before surgery.
Morphometric analysis of the mastoid process using cone beam computed tomography
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Patil Karthikeya , Sanjay C.J. ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Varusha Sharon Christopher ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Solayappan Eswari ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Niranjan Sharath ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India, Deepa B.V. ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India
Published: May 2024

The sexual dimorphism of the mastoid process, as demonstrated by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), is not well examined in forensic anthropology or clinical diagnostics. The mastoid region can be precisely imaged in three dimensions using CBCT, which reveals minute anatomical variations between males and females. These characteristics can help forensic professionals identify the sex of unidentified human remains, helping to solve crimes and aid in the search for missing persons. Moreover, recognising sexual dimorphism in the mastoid process in clinical settings can help with precise patient identification and individualised medical treatments, highlighting the important function of CBCT in both the forensic and medical areas.
Regulation of Technological Speeds
Authors:   NCJSC «M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz Regional University», Suleymenov Street, 7, Taraz, Kazakhstan,, SAKHYBAYEV Ratbek , KOIAIDAROV Bortan
Published: May 2024

Depending on the requirements of the technology and the operator factor, the operating speeds of technological machines can vary in different intervals. It is proposed to distinguish between small and large ranges of technological speed changes relative to the variator control range. If the range of speed changes goes beyond the control range of the variator, then it will be a large range, and otherwise it will be a small range. The working speed of the technological machine can be changed stepwise or continuously. Step-by-step speed control is carried out using a gearbox, and stepless regulation is carried out using a variator. The technological speed in a large range is recommended to be steplessly adjusted using a variator and a gearbox, and in a small range – using a variator and a gearbox. A V-belt variator with a standard V-belt drive is proposed, the main tasks of its development are defined.
Investigation of the Technological Process of Selecting A Roll by A Harvesting and Transport Unit
Authors:   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», Zhenis Avenue, 62, Astana, Kazakhstan,, ABULKHAIROV Darmen , SAGYNGANOVA Indira ,   2NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», Satpayev Street, 2, Astana, Kazakhstan, USSERBAYEV Muratbek ,   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», Zhenis Avenue, 62, Astana, Kazakhstan,, MENDALIYEVA Saule ,   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», Zhenis Avenue, 62, Astana, Kazakhstan,
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the design of the harvesting and transport unit (HTU), which is the main component of the complex of machines for harvesting loose hay. HTU is considered as a single-circuit system functioning as a result of the joint work of the picker and loader with the assembly chamber. The analysis of mathematical models of the processes of selection, loading and mass collection makes it possible to develop structural elements of the working bodies of the HTU. To check the operability of the technological scheme, the processes of selecting a roll by two types of pickers are considered: drum in combination with a chain-slat conveyor and canvas with spring fingers, an analysis of the mathematical model of this process is carried out. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the chain-slat conveyor works satisfactorily in combination with a drum picker and provided that the ratio is fulfilled when its angle of inclination is less than the friction angle of the hay-straw mass. By studying the process of selecting a roll with a linen picker, the relationship between the agrotechnically permissible speed of the HTU movement with the step of the spring fingers arrangement was obtained. It is established that the condition of continuity of the
Fatigue and Tribological Testing of AISI 316 Steel After High-pressure Torsion
Authors:   Rudny Industrial Institute, 50 years of October Street, 38, Rudny, Kazakhstan, VOLOKITINA Irina , LEZHNEV Sergey ,   Rudny Industrial Institute, 50 years of October Street, 38, Rudny, Kazakhstan, KUIS Dmitry ,   Belarusian State Technical University, Sverdlov Street, 13a, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, VOLOKITIN Andrey ,   NPJSC «Karaganda Industrial University», Republic Avenue, 30, Temirtau, Kazakhstan,, PANIN Evgeny ,   NPJSC «Karaganda Industrial University», Republic Avenue, 30, Temirtau, Kazakhstan,
Published: May 2024

The effect of high-pressure torsion process in a new die on the fatigue properties of corrosion-resistant steel AISI 316 has been studied. The deformation was carried out at cryogenic and room temperatures. The number of deformation cycles was 8. The initial blank had a ring shape with a diameter of 76 mm, a width of 3.5 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. It is revealed that the fatigue strength of both samples increases due to structure refinement and twinning in austenite during high pressure torsion deformation, partial martensitic transformation and increase of the share of more angular boundaries during cyclic deformation. The main factor of higher fatigue limit of AISI 316 steel after cryogenic deformation in comparison with room temperature is more intensive grinding of microstructure and presence of increased share of large-angle boundaries and more complete martensitic transformation.
Obtaining Zinc Oxide by Polarization of Zinc Electrode with Alternating Current in Sodium Chloride Solution
Authors:   NPJSC «Al-Farabi Kazakh National University», Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty, Kazakhstan, BAYESHOVA Azhar , KADYRBAYEVA Altynay , BAYESHOV Abduali , TURLYBEKOVA Makpal
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the work is to dissolve the zinc electrode during polarization with an alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz and to obtain zinc oxide. It is shown that the pre-recorded anode-cathode cyclic potentiodynamic polarization curves allow to predict to a certain extent the processes occuriing on the zinc electrode during alternating current polarization. It has been established that when two zinc electrodes are polarized in sodium chloride with an alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz, they do not dissolve, but when one electrode is replaced with a titanium one, zinc dissolves intensively with the production of zinc hydroxide. It is shown that the rate of zinc dissolution directly depends on the current density at the titanium electrode. When the values of the current density on the titanium electrode change in the range of 5-10 kA/m2, the zinc dissolution current efficiency exceeds 100%. Based on the results of the research, it was established that zinc (II) hydroxide is produced during electrolysis, and zinc oxide can be obtained by dehydration. The composition of the resulting compound was identified by X-ray phase and elemental analyses
Monitoring of the Market and Prospects for the Production of Precision Parts of Mining and Metallurgical Equipment in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, ISAGULOV Aristotle , KVON Svetlana , KULIKOV Vitaly , ARINOVA Saniya
Published: May 2024

A comparative analysis of the product range, service life and prevalence of various parts of mining and metallurgical equipment has been carried out. Based on information and regional monitoring, a list of the most common precision parts of mining and metallurgical equipment has been determined. The frequency of failure of their replacement parts has been revealed. It is shown that despite the fact that the parts are made of high-quality alloy steels, their service life is very limited. Modern trends in improving the properties of materials have been established. Increasing the service life of parts by applying modern trends in material improvement will reduce the number of downtime and increase the productivity of precision castings
NARRATIVAS E MEMÓRIAS DE AUXILIARES DE SERVIÇOS GERAIS ESCOLARES NA BUSCA DE RELAÇÕES OUTRAS
Authors: Paim Elison Antonio , Piazza Maria Cecilia Paladini
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos uma pesquisa de doutoramento em andamento pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina que rememora as narrativas de quatro mulheres auxiliares de serviços gerais de uma escola estadual no município de Araranguá, Santa Catarina. A partir de um diálogo horizontal, o objetivo é disseminar outra postura epistemológica para compreendermos de que forma as narrativas nos revelam o contexto social, cultural e histórico que uma época pode conter. O estudo se desenvolveu a partir da construção e análise de narrativas orais, fontes bibliográficas, documentais, sendo primordial o diálogo com as memórias e experiências de vida dessas mulheres. Consideramos que é possível fazer insurgir histórias outras que se contrapõem à colonialidade do ser, do poder e do saber. Metodologicamente, este trabalho, está fundamentado na concepção de mônada, extraída do pensamento de Walter Benjamin, e impulsionado por leituras decoloniais.
A DOCÊNCIA COMO PRESSUPOSTO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIAL E CIENTÍFICO SOB O OLHAR DA HISTORIOGRAFIA DA EDUCAÇÃO:
Authors: Costa Larissa Moreira da , Oliveira Terezinha Oliveira , Oliveira Bruna Castelhano de , Perin Conceição Solange Bution
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo tecer uma reflexão histórica acerca do desenvolvimento da universidade medieval, sobretudo, a universidade do século XIII, a fim de examinar o papel do professor nesse período e refletir como ele pode participar do desenvolvimento social e cientifico do educando. Nosso estudo tem como base a história social e o princípio de longa duração. Para isso analisaremos obras de autores que se dedicam ao estudo da história da educação como Verger, com as obras Universidades e escolas medievais do final do século XI ao século XV (1998) e Os professores (1996), estudos que tratam da origem da Universidade na Europa e da importância dos professores nesta instituição. Além desta obra, utilizaremos Alberto de Boni A universidade Medieval Saber e poder (2002) e a A entrada de Aristóteles no Ocidente Medieval (2010), nas quais ressalta-se a importância das traduções de obras clássicas para o desenvolvimento das instituições universitárias. Considerando a relevância do conhecimento que a Universidade trouxe para o século XIII e a ideia de longa duração, torna-se necessário mencionarmos autores como Grabmann (1949) e Oliveira (2005) que examinam como os mestres desta instituição, em especial Tomás de Aquino,  levavam os discentes ao desenvolvimento social e científico.