bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Birokrasi, Perilaku dan Budaya Organisasi dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Roudlotul Athfal UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Authors: Syafar Djunawir
Published: July 2019

This research discusses bureaucracy and organizational behaviour and culture in Islamic education institute i.e., Roudlotul Athfal UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. This research aims to study the implementation of institutional bureaucracy and to build organisational behaviour and culture. This is a qualitative research applying three methods of data collection, namely: (1) observation, (2) in-depth interview, (3) emphasizing the value of dialogue ​​(small colloquium, discussion or sharing), (2) Integrating Islamic values ​​to build organizational behaviour such as honesty, discipline and mutual respect. (3) Cultural acculturation as part of the organizational cultural identity, such as maintaining the grassroots culture including how to behave, how to communicate in certain language and other social interactions. These aspects ​​turn into the basic values of institutional bureaucracy in facing various challenges, social changes as well as competition among numerous Islamic educational institutions.
Peran Sekolah dalam Membentuk Keterampilan Wirausaha Berbasis Tauhid di SD Entrepreneur Muslim Alif-A Piyungan Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Wahyuni Widia Riska , Hidayati Wiji
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the roles and ways undertaken by schools in inculcating the character of entrepreneurial-based tauhid in order to be able to help learners gain knowledge about entrepreneurship from early childhood as well as help to build quality of Islamic School with high trust and quality. This research is a qualitative research conducted at Entrepreneur Elementary School Muslim ALIF-A Piyungan Bantul Yogyakarta. The data is collected using observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study are: firstly, the role of schools in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial skills  is demonstrated by activities in schools to acquire knowledge and skills by assisting learners in shaping character and personality, and be able to interact with their environments through integrated thematic learning. Learners have to be active, and are encouraged to recognize and accept the values of entrepreneurship in developing the ability of learners to perform daily activities. Secondly, in the formation of entrepreneurial character, the school has six basic principles, they are: educative, effective, strategic, empirical, leadership, and productive through three learning zones, namely spiritual zone, learning zone, and entrepreneur zone based on the character of each program. Thirdly, the results of the system can be seen from the students’ attitude of independent, tawakkal, creative, innovative, confident, discipline, have a sense of responsibility and tolerate others.
Manajemen Kurikulum Pesantren Berbasis Madrasah di MAN 3 Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Tsuroyya Elfa
Published: July 2019

This research aims to know the management of curriculum at an Islamic boarding school, that is madrasa based.  This research focuses on the factors that restricting and supporting in developing the curriculum of pesantren, as well as on its problem solving. Using qualitative approach, this research gathered the data through interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the management of curriculum development designed by PP. Muntasyirul Ulum MAN 3 Sleman, Yogyakarta include planning, organizing, implementing and evaluation. Curriculum development strategies were carried out by carrying out these steps: 1) Bench marking, 2) scientific visit, 3) trial and error program, 4) establishment of curriculum commission, 5) review process, open criticism and suggestions, and 6) evaluation during the end of the semester.
Tipologi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Pembentukan Karakter Cinta Damai Siswa SMP Piri 1 Yogyakarta
Authors: Syaefudin Syaefudin , Santoso Sedya
Published: July 2019

This research was conducted because of the death case of two students due to ‘klitih’ acts happened at SMP Piri I Yogyakarta. The phenomenon of ‘klitih’ is interesting as it closely related to the problem of character education. For that, this research focus on the efforts of the headmaster and teachers at SMP Piri I Yogyakarta in building love of peace character in the school by examining the leadership type of the headmaster, teachers exemplary, and the efforts of character building initiated by the school. By using qualitative approach, the data was gathered using indepth interview, observation, and documentation. This research finds that: first, the headmaster’s leadership type is democratic paternalistic. Second, love of peace character was build though teacher exemplary behavior using discipline, and the implementation of 5 S concept, they are salam (regards), senyum (smile), sapa (greet), sopan (polite), and segan (humble). Third, students character building was conducted by using heart, honor, tolerance, empathy, and justice. Those character is build together by all school’s community with eclectic method.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Administrasi terhadap Kepuasan Peserta Didik di MTs Negeri 1 Model Palembang
Authors: Hasbi M
Published: July 2019

This research examines the influence of the administration service quality toward students’ satisfaction in Islamic Junior High School 1 Model Palembang. This research includes the total population of 283 students of grade VIII. Therefore, based on Slovin formula, there are 74 students involved as the research samples. The data is analysed using quantitative method namely doubled linear regression. Meanwhile, the testing stages include classical assumption (Multicolinearity, heteroskedatisidas, and normality testing). In classical assumption test, multicolinearity free regression model appears while heteroskedatisidas does not occur. It is mormally distributed. Therefore, based on the classical assumption, the doubled linear regression can be utilized in this research. The result shows that the regression is Y = 9.961 + (-0.065) X1+ 0.152 X2 + 0.074 X3+ 0.459 X4 + 0.000 X5, and Fcount = 4,283 sig 0,002 < 0,05. Therefore it can be understood that the quality of the administration service which includes physical evidence, assurance, emphaty, excellence, and responsiveness clearly influences students’ satisfaction in which the emphaty (X4) serves as the highest contributing factors with t count= 0,410 sig 0,00 < 0,05.
Perencanaan Strategik Pendirian Ma’had Aly Pondok Quran Bandung
Authors: Seftiani Rizka Dwi , Hafshoh Siti Dieny , Irawan Irawan
Published: July 2019

This research focuses on the process of strategic planning completion of the Ma'had Aly Pondok Quran establishment in Bandung Regency. This research uses Kurt Lewin model of action research method which consists of planning, acting and fact finding on the result of the action. The results of this study indicate that there are several efforts to meet the conditions that have been determined by the Minister of Religious Regulation 71/2015 on the establishment of Ma'had Aly Pondok Quran. The contributing factors of the succesful strategic planning are the results of the present and expected future conditions analysis, the results of Ma'had Aly SWOT analysis, the Master Plan Development Document (RIP)of Ma'had Aly Pondok Quran, Strategic Plan Cycles and Strategic Plan Matrix of the Ma'had Aly performance. These constitute as the guidelines for the realization of the ideal establishment of Ma'had Aly which is in accordance with the Guide of Establishment of Ma'had Aly as stated on the operational guidelines of the Ministry of Religious Affairs.
Pesantren dan Kemandirian Perekonomian: Studi tentang Kewirausahaan di Pondok Pesantren Ar-Risalah Cijantung IV Ciamis
Authors: Hafidh Zaini , Badrudin Badrudin
Published: July 2019

This study is set forth from the existence of pesantren as the oldest educational institution in Indonesia which plays a central role within the socio-cultural environment construction of Indonesian society. In order to exist, today, the pesantren should be able to develop its intitution yet still maintaining its originality as the characteritics of the pesantren itself. The development strategy could be initiated through self-sustaining efforts which in fact bring a positive impact for pesantren. On the other hand, financial problems often threatens the existence of pesantren. The purpose of this research is to investigate the condition of boarding school Ar-Risalah Cijantung IV and economic initiatives developed by the boarding school. This research is a case study by employing qualitative approach. Data collecting techiques are done by interviews, observation and document study. The study found that economic initiatives that is conducted by the pesantren are livestock breeding, fishery, mining, agriculture and waste processing. Those initiatives have a positive impact on pesantren because they serve as other funding sources to support pesantren development without fully depend on government support. Those businesses also brought a positive impact for the community in the surrounding pesantren.
Manajemen Arsip sebagai Bagian Hidup Organisasi: Studi Kasus di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kota Magelang
Authors: Jannana Nora Saiva , Nur Fadhilah Ria Susi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to describe the management of two types of archive, dynamic and static, in the Library and Archives Office of Magelang, Central Java. This is a case study with a qualitative approach. The data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using the interactive model techniques by Miles and Huberman. The research found that: (1) management of the records consists of dynamic and static archives; (2) the archival storage is carried out independently and used classification system of problems; (3) the management of active dynamic archives consists of receiving of records, indexing, appointing, dispositioning, follow-up, and filing; (4) the management of inactive dynamic archives consist of selection, description, grouping, determination of schedule for archival retention, structuring, pengkamperisasian, and filing; (5) the management of static archives consist of planning, source identification, archival information maneuvering and definitive numbering, arrangement for storage (compiling inventory, labeling, validating inventory lists and binding inventory lists).
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RADIOGRAPHIC CONTROL INFORMATIVENESS USING ROC ANALYSIS
Authors: Sorokin A. S. , Galkin D. I. , Ivanayskiy E. A.
Published: July 2019

In industrial radiography the issue of replacing film detectors with digital ones is becoming increasingly relevant. Also remains unresolved the question of an objective comparison of various radiographic testing (RT). This article presents the results of research, aimed at obtaining a quantitative assessment of RT technology informativeness. In order to construct ROC curves, characterizing the quality of binary classification, using a specific RT technology, there was designed and manufactured a sample test, containing a simulation of the most difficult to detect by RK results (U-shaped grooves 0.1 mm wide and various depths) randomly distributed discontinuities. Such test sample was made using additive technology. Developed manufacturing technology made it possible to ensure sufficient accuracy of linear dimensions, taking into account the product’s design features. After exposure of test object to various detectors, there was a decoding procedure, conducted by experts, whose task was to establish the presence / absence of a defect in analyzed element of the image. Applying such technique, used in results analysis of deciphering the images of sample test, made it possible to minimize the influence of human factor and obtain ROC curves, reflecting the capabilities of RT technology only. The subsequent determination of ROC curves parameters allows to conduct a comparative analysis of informativeness of the technologies under consideration. The example of comparison between detectors Agfa D4 and Agfa D7, given in article’s conclusion, demonstrates the possibilities of presented technique.
INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THERMAL CONTROL OF POLYMER COMPOSITE STRUCTURES WHILE HEATING BY THE INTERNAL SOURCE
Authors: Kaledin V. O. , Vyachkin E. S. , Vyachkina Е. A. , Budadin O. N. , Kozelskaya S. O.
Published: July 2019

Dynamic temperature fields on the surface of a polymer composite material under the action of an internal heat source are considered. It is shown that the use of thermal control based on the measurement and analysis of the temperature field parameters allows detecting a defect (heat source) in the material and determining its depth and coordinates. The studies have shown the possibility of using thermal control to detect internal defects in products made of polymer composite materials when creating internal heat sources in the vicinity of defects with the use of modern thermograph systems that provide the registration of changing the temperature field of 0.1 deg and higher. The numerical solution using the finite element method and the time difference scheme is in good agreement with the analytical solution when choosing grid steps: the error is reduced to 2.4% already at a distance of three grid steps from the source. It is shown that on the basis of the measurement of the parameters of dynamic temperature fields, it is possible to determine the location of the depth of the defect (internal heating source) and its area coordinates that makes it possible significantly to extend the scope of application of thermal control.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE CONTROL SURFACES, FORMED ON A CNC MACHINE
Authors: Mokritskii B. Ya.
Published: July 2019

Investigated the quality of the surfaces obtained on the CNC machine model HBS-1319V. Used in the actual production situation of the company "Technopark" at school. The model of the band saw machine, the types of saws used on it, the brands of materials used are accepted as the initial data of the current production. The problem of quality management (through surface roughness and other parameters) of formed surfaces of blanks by developing technical and organizational solutions aimed at reducing the size of allowances for subsequent finishing of the workpiece is considered. This task is also relevant to perform dimensional grooves in the workpiece. Analysis of the problem showed that the issues of metrological support for the operations of procurement industries of machine-building enterprises are not raised. There is no methodological and instrument base for this stage of production. This also applies to the blank production with band saw machines. Results of control of surfaces depending on conditions of their reception and depending on the used means of control are resulted.
FORUM «TERRITORY OF NDT – 2019»
Authors: Artemiev B. V. , Kleyzer P. E. , Matveev V. I.
Published: July 2019

The article provides a brief information overview of the events of the Forum “Territory NDT – 2019”, which was held from 4 to March 6, 2019 in the central exhibition complex “Expocenter” in Moscow (Russia). Exhibition of instruments and means of NDT and TD was accompanied by a business program. Within the framework of the Forum, round tables were held on topical problems of nondestructive testing and technical diagnostics. The basis of the Forum was an exhibition. The range of equipment demonstrated at the exhibition changes every year, in addition to equipment for non-destructive testing and technical diagnostics, modern test and measurement, testing and analytical equipment begins to appear on the exhibitors' stands. This year, it was felt the orientation towards high-tech solutions for the aviation and space-rocket industry, military-industrial complex, machine-building, metallurgy, oil and gas and other industries. Traditionally, there was a competition of specialists in NDT. The business program in general was aimed at supporting research activities. Among the topics of the round tables that worked in parallel in the two rooms, the greatest interest was caused by: “Non-destructive control in the space industry and the defense industry complex”, “Technical diagnostics in nuclear energy”, “Standardization and metrological support for NDT and TD.”
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF ATTENUATION OF ELASTIC LONGITUDINAL WAVES IN CAST IRON WITH FLAKE GRAPHITE ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SIGNALS DURING ULTRASONIC TESTING
Authors: Danilov V. N. , Voronkova L. V.
Published: July 2019

The model of estimation of damping coefficient of elastic longitudinal waves in cast iron with flake graphite due to their Rayleigh and phase scattering on graphite inclusions, considering the deviation of the modulus of bulk elasticity of the phases of cast iron (metal base and graphite) from the mean value, is developed according to the theory of Mason. At the same time, the characteristics of cast iron used for calculations include the value of the longitudinal wave velocity, the mass content of graphite inclusions and their average size. In the process of studying the effect of attenuation of elastic longitudinal waves in cast iron with flake graphite on the characteristics of signals with narrow, medium width and wide spectra, a difference in the nature of the spectra changes due to frequency-dependent attenuation depending on the nominal pulse frequencies, cast iron models and the distance traveled by the ultrasonic wave is established. It is shown that the shorter the pulse, the greater the shift of the spectrum maximum in the frequency range less than the nominal. The effect of attenuation of longitudinal waves in cast iron with flake graphite on the impulse directivity characteristic of the round piezoplate depending on the cast iron model and pulse spatial length is established. The expansion of pulse directivity characteristics with increasing of the distance traveled by the wave in cast iron is shown, the greater the wider the pulse spectrum.
ACOUSTIC EMISSION CONTROL OF THE PROCESS OF DESTRUCTION OF SAMPLES FROM CARBON PLASTIC DURING STATIC LOAD, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE TEMPERATURES
Authors: Stepanova L. N. , Chernova V. V.
Published: July 2019

Strength tests of T800 carbon-fiber specimens with geometrical dimensions 100×600×0.9 mm were performed. The CFRP material used a stacking of nine mono-layers [±45/90/03/90/±45]. In the central part of the samples, a stress concentrator was placed in the form of a hole with a diameter of 12 mm. The loading with a static tensile load was carried out by the loading machine MTS-100 with hydraulic grips. Simultaneously with static loading, the sample was affected by positive (+20; +100 °С) or negative (–20; –40; –60 °С) temperatures. Registration information was carried out using the method of acoustic emission (AE). In the process of loading the samples, the effect of static load and temperature on the main informative parameters (amplitude, dominant frequency, structural coefficient) of AE signals recorded during the loading of samples was studied. The structure coefficient, reflecting the energy at one frequency, and the coefficient, calculated as a partial energy, were compare.
ANALYSIS OF FEATURES OF DETECTION OF OBJECTS LOCATED ON THE SAME AXIS RELATIVE TO THE OBSERVER, BY THE METHOD OF RADAR IN THE MILLIMETER RANGE
Authors: Artemiev B. V. , Popov D. V. , Dmitriev V. E.
Published: July 2019

A new approach to the visualization of three-dimensional images obtained using a millimeter-wave radar is described. The proposed radar uses a cross antenna array to obtain a two-dimensional image of each range. Thus, a three-dimensional image of the object under study can be formed. Also proposed a new method of processing a radar signal, based on the theory of Compressive Sensing (CS), to detect two or more targets on the same line of sight. After a brief description of the proposed approaches, case studies are presented to assess the effectiveness of the method.
PASSIVE METHOD OF THERMAL NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF STEEL ELEMENTS AND PRODUCTS ON THE BASIS OF THE MECHANISM OF DEFORMATION HEAT GENERATION
Authors: Moyseychik Е. А.
Published: July 2019

The features of heat generation and the basic capabilities of the passive method of thermal non-destructive testing of steel elements and products are considered. The mechanism of heat generation in steel is presented and the structure of the formula for changing its temperature during deformation is substantiated. It is shown that the diagnosis of steel elements in the passive mode should be carried out with the operation of heat sources in them, resulting from the force effects on the structure. The features of determining the stress in steel elements by the passive thermal method are considered. It is shown that the passive method of thermal non-destructive testing of steel structures loaded with forces continuously changing in time, under the action of which internal deformation sources of heat and surface temperature fields operate in potentially dangerous areas of the elements, allows the kinetics and anomalies of temperature fields to exercise health -plastic stages of steel, with the birth and development of destruction.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ULTRASONIC THERMAL TOMOGRAPHY(US THERMOTOMOGRAPHY) OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Budadin O. N. , Vyachkin E. S. , Vyachkina E. A. , Kaledin V. O. , Kozelskaya S. O.
Published: July 2019

Analysis of internal defects in the structure of composite objects can be based on the study of dynamic temperature fields, the patterns of variation of which reflect the location of heat sources. For example, acoustic ones, under external influences, determination of the location of thermal field sources (internal defects) – thermal tomography – presents in this approach, in general, the problem of identifying the model of heat propagation in a plate. This paper describes a method and technical means for determining the depth of occurrence of internal defects in composite structures by analyzing the temperature fields on two surfaces of a product to be created by an internal heat source, which is a defect, and by formed mechanical action on it, for example, ultrasonic mechanical vibrations (ultrasonic thermotomography). Experimental studies of the previously theoretically proved method of thermal tomography in the presence of an internal heat source have been carried out. As a research object, a plate of composite material – pressed fabric-based laminate- was considered. To simplify the experimental studies and increase the reliability of the results, the internal heat source was modeled with a nickel-chromium spiral to be heated by an electric current. The nickel-chromium spiral was laid in the plates when their pressing (manufacturing) at various occurence depths relative to surfaces of the plates. The experimental investigation technique is described. It is experimentally shown that the proposed method allows the occurence depth of defects in a composite material to be determined. Fault in the depth determining of the defects occurrence depends on the depth value and does not exceed 10 % of the thickness of the controlled article that is acceptable for the practical use.
Análisis cualitativo en torno al uso de estrategias de enseñanza por docentes universitarios en contextos de formación de agentes educativos
Authors: Henriquez Patricio Sebastián , Arámburo Vizcarra Vicente
Published: July 2019

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio realizado en la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) y la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). El objetivo fue analizar las estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje y los métodos de evaluación del aprendizaje que utilizan los docentes universitarios formadores de agentes educativos. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 24 docentes (19 de la UCM y 5 de la UABC). Se reportan los hallazgos relacionados con la dimensión de estrategias de enseñanza: se identificaron tres subdimensiones, ocho categorías y seis sub-categorías de análisis. Se destaca la implementación de estrategias de enseñanza centradas en los estudiantes y su proceso de aprendizaje (identificadas con las teorías constructivistas de generación del conocimiento), en los docentes y su acción de enseñanza (alineadas con perspectivas conductistas), junto con estrategias centradas en la naturaleza de los contenidos educativos. Se espera que estos hallazgos aporten elementos para comprender de mejor manera las estrategias que los docentes utilizan para formar a los futuros agentes educativos, adecuándose a los perfiles cognitivos de los estudiantes y a los distintos tipos de conocimientos enseñados.
Teoria dos stakeholders e práticas de gestão na escola pública básica: Um estudo de multicasos
Authors: Singh Ananda Silva , Freitas Vanyne Aparecida Franco , Valadão Junior Valdir Machado
Published: July 2019

A abordagem dos stakeholders tem sido, desde a década de 1980, uma das teorias mais relevantes para compreender a relação estabelecida entre os diferentes grupos que se entrelaçam no cotidiano e as práticas de gestão de uma organização. Tal teoria mostra-se relevante para compreender o processo de gestão escolar, visto que a escola é constituída por stakeholders que almejam ter suas expectativas atendidas. Este trabalho busca compreender como se configuram as práticas de gestão das escolas públicas de ensino básico, nas relações com seus grupos de interesse (diretor, supervisores, professores, pedagogos, auxiliares de serviços gerais, oficiais administrativos, agente patrimonial, responsáveis pelos alunos). Foi realizado um estudo de multicasos em quatro escolas, os dados foram coletados de documentos, observação direta e entrevistas e avaliados pela análise de conteúdo, por categorias embasadas no modo participativo proposto por Chanlat (1996). Alguns achados foram (i) desconhecimento e não participação de alguns stakeholders na gestão escolar, (ii) necessidade de envolver a comunidade para obtenção de recursos, (iii) objetivos conflitantes entre a escola e seus stakeholders, (iv) estreitamento da comunicação entre stakeholders para melhorar a eficácia dos sistemas de controle e avaliação de resultados e (v) necessidade de envolver os stakeholders para desfrutar de benefícios da gestão participativa.
Shortchanging complexity: Discourse, distortions, and diversity policy in the age of neoliberalism
Authors: Arce-Trigatti Andrea , Anderson Ashlee
Published: July 2019

With this paper we explore the practical materialization of select diversity policies in the United States via an analysis of their implementation at different institutional levels.  Specifically, using a cultural studies framework that is guided by Stuart Hall’s (1993) concept of distortions, we investigate how discursive conceptualizations of diversity have been translated into educational policy at the federal and state levels. We contend that the complexity of diversity is often inconsistent with existing neoliberal reform trends that embrace standardization and accountability, making meaningful practical applications exponentially more challenging (Manna, 2011; Wong, 2008).  Finally, we look to how these analyses might inform future iterations of diversity policy in a time where rapid changes in education policy and characteristically partisan political agendas have become the norm.
Opinions related to play concept of children in early childhood
Authors: Yılmaz Aynur , Pala Şengül
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the play perceptions of children in early childhood. The study group consisted of four children (two preschoolers and two first graders) aged between 72 and 86 months. The study, designed in line with qualitative research approach, employed the phenomenological design. The data in the study were collected by means of photographs, drawing writing technique and semi-structured interview technique. In the analysis of the data, thematic and content analysis technique was used. The participants’ perceptions of play are explained under three themes. In this regard, the perception of play has been examined under the themes of “Structural Features of Play” including concepts such as competition, happening in a certain time and place, existence of rules, existence of action, performing individually or in group, focus on fun rather than learning; “Affective Features of Play” including concepts such as its inducing happiness/excitement and “Play in terms of Ethical Features” referring to features of sportsmanship and obedience to authority. In the study, it was found that while the pre-school children stated that they should have a toy to play, the elementary school 1st grade students stated that they do not need a toy to play. While the pre-school children argued that it was possible to play both inside and outside the school, the first grade students emphasized that play is not possible inside the class.
Medicinal plants for kidney pain: An ethnobotanical study on Shahrekord city, West of Iran
Authors: Kheirollahi Abdolreza Reza , Mahmoodnia Leila , Khodadustan Elham , Kazemeini Hamidreza , Hasanvand Afshin , Hatamikia Masoom
Published: July 2019

Kidney problems such as kidney stones, pyelonephritis, nephropathy, diabetes, hypertension and other kidney complications can cause kidney pain. In general, opioid and non-opioid systemic analgesics are used to control pain that have many side effects such as nausea, vomiting, sedation, and respiratory depression. Studies on plants that can be useful in the treatment of kidney diseases such as kidney pain are difficult and little research has been done in this regard. Therefore, in this ethnobotanical study, plant antioxidants and medicinal plants affecting kidney pain were identified. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used to identify and obtain indigenous information and knowledge of traditional therapists in Shahrekord regarding the treatment of kidney pain. This ethnobotanical study was conducted from 21 April, 2016 to 19 February, 2017 in 29 traditional therapists of the region under purpose. Finally, the data drawn from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Excel software. In this study, the frequency of plant use was also calculated. The results of this study showed that 16 species of medicinal plants from 11 plant families in this region are used to cure kidney pain. The most frequently used are for anti-kidney pain was Alhagi maurorum (79%) followed by Tribulus terrestris (70%). Besides, the Asteraceae (5 plant species) was the largest family of medicinal plants with anti-kidney pain effect, and the flower (32%) was the most frequently used plant organ for anti-kidney pain property.
Molecular structure-property relations controlling mashing performance of amylases as a function of barley grain size
Authors: Quek Wei Ping , Yu Wenwen , Fox Glen P. , Gilbert Robert G.
Published: July 2019

In brewing, amylases are key enzymes in hydrolyzing barley starch to sugars, which are utilized in fermentation to produce ethanol. Starch fermentation depends on sugars produced by amylases and starch molecular structure, both of which vary with barley grain size. Grain size is a major industrial specification for selecting barley for brewing. An in-depth study is given of how enzyme activity and starch structure vary with grain size, the impact of these factors on fermentable sugar production, and the underlying mechanisms. Micro-malting and mashing experiments were based on commercial methodologies. Starch molecular structural parameters were obtained using size-exclusion chromatography, and fitted using biosynthesis-based models. Correlation analysis using the resulting parameters showed larger grain sizes contained fewer long amylopectin chains, higher amylase activities and soluble protein level. Medium grain sizes released most sugars during mashing, because of higher starch utilization from the action of amylases, and shorter amylose chains. As starch is the substrate for amylase-driven fermentable sugars production, measuring its structure should be a prime indication for mashing performance, and should be used as an industry specification when selecting barley grains for brewing.
Design of Artificial Sun-Synchronous Orbits with Main Zonal Harmonics and Solar Radiation Pressure Using Continuous Low-Thrust Control Strategies
Authors: Masoud Akram , Rahoma Walid Ali , Khattab Elamira Hend , El-Salam Fawzy Ahmed Abd
Published: July 2019

Artificial sun-synchronous orbits are suitable for remote sensing satellites and useful in giving accurate surface mapping. To design such orbits accurately with arbitrary orbital elements, three control strategies are provided with the consideration of main zonal harmonics up to J
4 and solar radiation pressure (SRP). In this paper, the continuous variable low-thrust control is used as a way to achieve these artificial orbits and given by electric propulsions rather than chemical engines to enlarge lifespan of the spacecraft. The normal continuous low-thrust control is used to illustrate the control strategies. Furthermore, formulas for refinement of normal control thrusts are applied to overcome errors due to approximations. The results of the simulation show that the control strategies explained in this paper can realize sun-synchronous orbits with arbitrary orbital parameters without side effects and the effect of solar radiation pressure is very small relative to main zonal harmonics. A new technique is suggested, ASSOT-3, to minimize fuel consumption within one orbital period more than others. This technique is based on computing the root mean square of the rate of ascending node longitude instead of the average.
Reasoning About ‘When’ Instead of ‘What’: Collusive Equilibria with Stochastic Timing in Repeated Oligopoly
Authors: Grana Justin , Bono James , Wolpert David
Published: July 2019

We analyze a continuous time game of Bertrand competition with private monitoring that includes asynchronous signals and asynchronous actions. Unlike existing models where firms observe a signal that is imperfectly correlated with demand parameters and firms’ prices, we assume firms observe demand and prices perfectly but at times governed by independent Poisson processes. The signals only reveal information at the instant they are observed and do not contain information about past actions or states of demand. This implies that any firm’s price change will go undetected for some time or may never be detected. Firms are also allowed to engage in costless but unverifiable cheap talk. The model focuses on the strategic considerations that arise when firms reason about then timing of the signals rather than the content. We show that standard Nash reversion arguments can enforce collusion and truthful communication when signals are asynchronous and signals only reveal information about the current state of the world and do not reveal information about past states or actions. Through comparative statics, we disentangle how parameters that govern the timing of events and signals interact to either facilitate or preclude collusion. Finally, we extend the model to show that firms may collude not only to avoid Nash reversion but to prevent opposing firms from believing demand has dropped and thus lowering their price.
Mathematical morphology-based imaging of gastrointestinal cancer cell motility and 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced fluorescence
Authors: Ramonaite Rima , Petrolis Robertas , Unay Simge , Kiudelis Gediminas , Skieceviciene Jurgita , Kupcinskas Limas , Bilgin Mehmet Dincer , Krisciukaitis Algimantas
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was the quantitative evaluation of gastrointestinal cancer cell motility and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced fluorescence in vitro using mathematical morphology and structural analysis methods. The results of our study showed that MKN28 cells derived from the lymph node have the highest motility compared with AGS or HCT116 cells derived from primary tumors. Regions of single cells were characterized as most moving, and “tightly packed” cell colonies as nearly immobile. We determined the reduction of cell motility in late passage compared to early passage. Application of 5-ALA caused fluorescence in all investigated cells, and the fluorescence was different with regard to the cell type and application time. We observed higher fluorescence in MKN28 cells. Comprehensive image analysis did not reveal any statistically significant difference in fluorescence intensity between “tightly packed” cell regions, where nearly no motility was registered and loosely distributed cells, where the highest cell motility was registered. In conclusions, our study revealed that MKN28 cells derived from the lymph node have higher motility and 5-ALA-induced fluorescence than AGS or HCT116 derived from primary tumors. Moreover, image analysis based on a large amount of processed data is an important tool to study these tumor cell properties.
Fast 0/1-h algorithm for detection of NSTEMI: are current high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays fit for purpose? An EQA-based evaluation
Authors: van der Hagen Eline A.E. , Cobbaert Christa M. , Meijer Ron , Thelen Marc H.M.
Published: July 2019

Background

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T/I (hs-cTnT/I) assays have improved analytical sensitivity for the detection of myocardial infarction (MI). To gain clinical specificity and sensitivity, interpretation of changes in cTn concentrations over time is crucial. The 2015 ESC NSTEMI guideline defines absolute delta values as additional rule-in and rule-out criteria for MI. A critical assumption for application of this rule is that total analytical imprecision within the delta period, including inter-instrument bias, is comparable to analytical imprecision in the validation studies.

Methods

Data from the Dutch External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) were used to calculate inter-instrument bias and estimate imprecision for the measuring range where the proposed delta values are relevant: for Roche Elecsys hs-cTnT, 5–52 and 5–12 ng/L; for Abbott Architect hs-cTnI, 2–52 and 2–5 ng/L for rule-in and rule-out, respectively.

Results

For Elecsys, the median inter-instrument bias is 0.3 ng/L (n = 33 laboratories), resulting in reference change values (RCVs) of 3.0 and 1.7 ng/L, respectively, for rule-in and rule-out with imprecision as claimed by the manufacturer. With RCVs smaller than the guideline’s delta thresholds, 100% of the laboratories have adequate specifications. RCVs for rule-in/rule-out increased to 4.6 ng/L/2.5 ng/L, respectively, with individual imprecisions as estimated from EQA data, resulting in 64% and 82% of laboratories with adequate specifications. For Architect, 40% of instruments (n = 10) might falsely qualify the result as clinically relevant; hence, inter-instrument bias could not be determined.

Conclusions

We advise laboratories that use the fast 0/1-h algorithm to introduce stringent internal quality procedures at the relevant/low concentration level, especially when multiple analyzers are randomly used.
How comparable are total human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGt) tumour markers assays?
Authors: Pretorius Carel J. , du Toit Stephen , Wilgen Urs , Klingberg Sandra , Jones Mark , Ungerer Jacobus P.J. , Tate Jillian R.
Published: July 2019

Background

Total human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGt) tumour marker testing is regarded as an “off label” application for most commercial methods. We compared four assays in patients with a hCGt tumour marker request. We hypothesised that regression slopes would be altered and that outliers would be more common with tumour marker than with pregnancy samples if the detection of malignancy associated hCG molecular forms differed amongst assays. Further such systematic differences would be obvious and large enough to change clinical management decisions.

Results

We measured hCGt in 390 samples from 137 females and 253 males with a tumour marker request and 208 pregnancy controls with the following methods: Access Total βhCG, Architect Total-βhCG, Cobas hCG + β and Immulite HCG. The between method regressions determined on tumour marker and pregnancy samples were not significantly different. The outlier rates were similar for male and female tumour marker and the pregnancy groups: 1.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0%–3.1%), 2.2% (95% CI 0%–4.7%) and 2.9% (95% CI 0.6%–5.2%). The outliers were randomly distributed amongst the methods and we were confident that they would not adversely influence clinical decisions.

Conclusions

The hCGt results were clinically equivalent with no systematic difference amongst the four assays.
Construal vs. redundancy: Russian aspect in context
Authors: Janda Laura A. , Reynolds Robert J.
Published: July 2019

The relationship between construal and redundancy has not been previously explored empirically. Russian aspect allows speakers to construe situations as either Perfective or Imperfective, but it is not clear to what extent aspect is determined by context and therefore redundant. We investigate the relationship between redundancy and open construal by surveying 501 native Russian speakers who rated the acceptability of both Perfective and Imperfective verb forms in complete extensive authentic contexts. We find that aspect is largely redundant in 81% of uses, and in 17% of contexts aspect is relatively open to construal. We contend that anchoring in redundant contexts likely facilitates the independence of construal in contexts with less redundancy. However further research is needed to discover what makes contexts redundant since known cues for aspect are absent in the majority of such contexts. Native speakers are fairly consistent in giving the original aspect high ratings, but less consistent in rating the non-original aspect, indicating potential problems in testing the reactions of speakers to non-authentic data.
“Categorically Grotesque: Ballard, Bodies and Genre in Crash”
Authors: Kavanagh Ciarán
Published: July 2019

Crash’s philosophical and aesthetic focus on the wounded body has led to it being described by many of its readers as repulsive, disgusting, nauseating, and in other similarly visceral vocabulary. It has also, however, been praised in the highest terms for its perceived exploration and criticism of postmodernity, technofetishism, and the advertising industry, along with its estrangement of society’s acceptance of the automobile age and its mutilation of our landscape, psyche and bodies. Critics of Crash who wish to portray the novel positively frequently appear under pressure to defang this aspect of it, attempting to domesticate Crash’s troubling‘low’ matter by the aforementioned ‘higher‘ aesthetic or moral cause. Crash, however, eludes this manner of simplification; the novel cannot be adequately analysed by shirking from its embodied effects. A chimaeric fusion of opposing experiential and interpretive catalysts, Crash refuses to be statically categorised.
Lessons in clinical reasoning – pitfalls, myths, and pearls: a case of chest pain and shortness of breath
Authors: Walker McCall , Warburton Karen M. , Rencic Joseph , Parsons Andrew S.
Published: July 2019

Background

Defects in human cognition commonly result in clinical reasoning failures that can lead to diagnostic errors. A metacognitive structured reflection on what clinical findings fit and/or do not fit with likely and “can’t miss” diagnoses may reduce such errors.

Case presentation

A 57-year-old man was sent to the emergency department from clinic with chest pain, severe shortness of breath, weakness, and cold sweats. Further investigation revealed multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease, sudden onset of exertional dyspnea, and chest pain that incompletely resolved with rest, mild tachycardia and hypoxia, an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG), elevated serum cardiac biomarkers, and elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the absence of left-sided heart failure. He was treated for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), discharged, and quickly returned with worsening symptoms that eventually led to a diagnosis of submassive pulmonary embolism (PE).

Conclusions

Through integrated commentary on the diagnostic reasoning process from clinical reasoning experts at two institutions, this case underscores the importance of frequent assessment of fit along with explicit explanation of dissonant features in order to avoid premature closure and diagnostic error. A fishbone diagram is provided to visually demonstrate the major factors that contributed to the diagnostic error. A case discussant describes the importance of diagnostic schema as an analytic reasoning strategy to assist in the creation of a differential diagnosis, problem representation to summarize updated findings, a Popperian analytic approach of attempting to falsify less-likely hypotheses, and matching pertinent positives and negatives to previously learned illness scripts. Finally, this case provides clinical teaching points in addition to a pitfall, myth, and pearl specific to premature closure.
Modifying potato starch by glutaraldehyde and MgCl2 for developing an economical and environment-friendly electrolyte system
Authors: Komal Baby , Yadav Madhavi , Kumar Manindra , Tiwari Tuhina , Srivastava Neelam
Published: July 2019

Biodegradable polymer electrolyte systems are the most sought over option for cheap and energy efficient storage devices. Present paper discusses the results of potato starch + MgCl2system which satisfy the technical and economic criteria to become a potential candidate for future electrolyte systems. The developed system has high ionic conductivity (~3.43 × 10-2S/cm), low relaxation time (75 μs) and wide electrochemical stability window (ESW ~4.6 V). The phase angle approaches -79° and maintains its value for 10 Hz to 1 kHz frequency range. The prepared material is a free standing film which can be bended and twisted up to 90°, which makes it suitable for flexible electrochemical device fabrication. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) is quite low (3.41 Ω) and self-resonance frequency below which energy can be efficiently stored is approximately 0.1 MHz. Hence the present study reports an economical, easy to handle and environment friendly electrolyte suitable for electrochemical device fabrication.
Additional Extension of the Mathematical Model for BCG Immunotherapy of Bladder Cancer and Its Validation by Auxiliary Tool
Authors: Guzev Ekaterina , Halachmi Sarel , Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky Svetlana
Published: July 2019

Immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is a classic treatment for superficial bladder cancer. Although BCG instillation is a well-established protocol, some patients do not respond to this treatment. To model improvement of this protocol, Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky (B-M) et al. provided a platform for in silico testing of modified protocols of BCG instillation and combination with IL-2. The purpose of this work is to improve and further develop this BCG model describing the tumor–immune interactions occurring in the bladder in response to BCG and IL-2 therapies, based on novel clinical data.

To validate this BCG model, we used the results of BCG treatment of 10 patients with bladder cancer 3-5 years ago. Individual data for each patient was entered to simulate the model. As a result, a treatment protocol was obtained which coincided with the protocol assigned by the doctor. In addition, cancer cell growth graphs were obtained from the model simulations, which coincided with the clinical conclusions of the patient’s treatment outcome. Moreover, the program provides a more optimal treatment protocol for each patient.

We show that calculated protocols from the model can prevent excess side effects of immunotherapy and even of unnecessary death for some patients, informing the clinical potential of our model.