bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIGH RESOLUTION GLOBAL GRIDDED DATA FOR USE IN POPULATION STUDIES
Authors: Lloyd C. T.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Open access geospatial data represent a range of metrics relevant to global human population mapping at fine spatial scales. Detailed and contemporary spatial datasets that accurately describe population distributions are vital in order to measure impacts of population growth, monitor change, and plan interventions. To construct such datasets the harmonisation of geospatial data layers is a prerequisite because layer specifications differ widely. To this end the WorldPop Project is producing an open access archive of 3 and 30 arc-second (~ 100 m and ~ 1 km, respectively) resolution gridded data in a predominantly open source environment, using OSGEO4W utilities. Five tiled raster datasets form the basis of the archive: (i) Viewfinder Panoramas topography clipped to CIESIN national level administrative coastlines; (ii) a matching ISO 3166 country identification grid; (iii) country area; (iv) pixel area; (v) and slope layer. Further layers will include transport networks, landcover, urban extent, nightlights, climate, travel time to major cities, forest stand change, livestock densities, vegetation indices, and waterways. We here describe the base datasets and the production methodology in development. The alpha version of the archive can be downloaded both from the WorldPop Dataverse Repository and the WorldPop Project website. The improved and expanded beta version of the archive is in development for release next year, and will offer significantly improved standardisation of country boundaries, and inland water boundaries (forthcoming), to global census unit data.
FLOWERED-GEODBAPP: AN APPLICATION BASED ON CROWD-GENERATING DATA USING SENTINEL2 IMAGERY
Authors: Melis M. T. , Dessì F. , Loddo P. , La Mantia C. , Da Pelo S. , Deflorio A. M. , Ghiglieri G. , Hailu B. T. , Kalegele K. , Mwasi B. N.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This study is part of the EU H2020 research Project FLOWERED (de-FLuoridation technologies for imprOving quality of WatEr and agRo-animal products along the East African Rift Valley in the context of aDaptation to climate change). FLOWERED project aims to develop technologies and methodologies at cross-boundary catchment scales to manage the risks associated with high Fluoride water supply in Africa, focusing on three representative test areas along the African Rift Valley (i.e. Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania), characterized by high fluoride contents in waters and soils, water scarcity, overexploitation of groundwater and high vulnerability to risks arising from climate change, as drought and desertification. It also is empowering local communities to take responsibility for the integrated-sustainability of the natural resources, growing national and international environmental priorities, enhancing transboundary cooperation and promoting local ownership based on a scientific and technological approach. Within the FLOWERED project, the transition from the land cover to the land use and water use maps is provided through the development of a mobile application (FLOWERED-GeoDBapp ). It is dedicated to the collection of local geo-information on land use, water uses, irrigation systems, household features, use of drinking water and the other information needful for the specific knowledge of water supply involving local communities through participative approach. This system is structured to be populated, through an action of crowd-generating data by local communities (students and people involved mainly by NGOs). The SHAREGEODBapp is proposed as an innovative tool for water management and agriculture institutions at regional and local level.
FOSS4G AS A KEY BUILDING BLOCK FOR CASE-BASED LEARNING IN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION EDUCATION
Authors: Minghini M. , Brovelli M. A. , Vandenbroucke D. , Carbonaro M. , Prüller S. , Painho M. , Martirano G. , Frigne D.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. In the sector of Geographic Information (GI) there is a gap between the education and training currently being offered by European universities and the knowledge and skills required by enterprises and public authorities. New forms of collaboration based on innovative methods are needed to cope with the challenges derived from the fast technological developments in the geospatial and ICT field. This paper presents the approach and the first findings of the EU Erasmus+ project giCASES – Creating a University-Enterprise Alliance for a Spatially Enabled Society (2016–2018) which addresses this challenge by introducing new methods for case-based and collaborative learning, and for the co-creation, management and sharing of knowledge between universities and enterprises. The aim of the project is to develop new training material and create innovative, multi-disciplinary learning processes based on real-world case studies (case-based learning). The paper focuses on the methodological approach developed during the first half of the project, and presents the 6 case studies where this approach will be tested during the second half. Despite the diversity of application domains (indoor mapping, environmental hazards, e-Government, utility networks, energy saving policies, and forestry), the case studies are all relevant to open source software and FOSS4G technologies will play a key role in their implementation, thus demonstrating their matureness and flexibility not only as GI teaching tools at the universities, but also as powerful means to develop innovative new services at the companies.
PROCESSING BIG REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR FAST FLOOD DETECTION IN A DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Olasz A. , Kristóf D. , Nguyen Thai B. , Belényesi M. , Giachetta R.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The Earth observation (EO) missions of the space agencies and space industry (ESA, NASA, national and commercial companies) are evolving as never before. These missions aim to develop and launch next-generation series of satellites and sensors and often provide huge amounts of data, even free of charge, to enable novel monitoring services. The wide geospatial sector is targeted to handle new challenges to store, process and visualize these geospatial data, reaching the level of Big Data by their volume, variety, velocity, along with the need of multi-source spatio-temporal geospatial data processing. Handling and analysis of remote sensing data has always been a cumbersome task due to the ever-increasing size and frequency of collected information. This paper presents the achievements of the IQmulus EU FP7 research and development project with respect to processing and analysis of geospatial big data in the context of flood and waterlogging detection.
EXTENDING THE SCALABILITY OF ISTSOS WITHIN THE 4ONSE PROJECT
Authors: Strigaro D. , Cannata M. , Cardoso M. , Antonovic M. , Hoffmann M.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. An Environmental Monitoring System (EMS) is needed not only to prevent many natural risks such as droughts, flooding and landslides but also to provide information for a better management of water resources and crops irrigation and finally it helps to increase the reliability of weather and climatological models. In addition, a monitoring system can directly impact the economic, social and political spheres. Unfortunately, in most developing and low income countries, due to the high costs of hardware and software there is a lack of efficient monitoring systems. The aim of the 4onse project (analysis of Four times Open Non-conventional system for Sensing the Environment), funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, is the development of a totally open solution to monitor the environment. As well as the hardware layer, a monitoring system needs a data management software usually hosted on a server structure. As a software platform which is SOS OGC compliant, istSOS is chosen to receive, manage, validate and distribute environmental data. In the following article a solution to support big data is presented to extend the istSOS capabilities. In fact, a sensors network can hardly stress a data management system because of the several concurrent users and sensors and the long time series which every weather station can easily produce. Thus, a software called istSOS-proxy is developed as a single access point over multiple instances of istSOS whose procedures are distributed to balance the total load. First results on the effectiveness of the solution are proved thanks to load testing simulations of different levels of concurrent users.
Multiple Classifiers and Graph Cut Methods for Spectral Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Image
Authors: Bhushan D. B. , Nidamanuri R. R.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Hyperspectral image contains fine spectral and spatial resolutions for generating accurate land use and land cover maps. Supervised classification is the one of method used to exploit the information from the hyperspectral image. The traditional supervised classification methods could not be able to overcome the limitations of the hyperspectral image. The multiple classifier system (MCS) has the potential to increase the classification accuracy and reliability of the hyperspectral image. However, the MCS extracts only the spectral information from the hyperspectral image and neglects the spatial contextual information. Incorporating spatial contextual information along with spectral information is necessary to obtain smooth classification maps. Our objective of this paper is to design a methodology to fully exploit the spectral and spatial information from the hyperspectral image for land cover classification using MCS and Graph cut (GC) method. The problem is modelled as the energy minimization problem and solved using α-expansion based graph cut method. Experiments are conducted with two hyperspectral images and the result shows that the proposed MCS based graph cut method produces good quality classification map.
Ensemble Projection of the Sea Level Rise Impact on Storm Surge and Inundation in the Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Jisan Mansur Ali , Bao Shaowu , Pietrafesa Leonard J.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The hydrodynamic model Delft3D is used to study the impact of Sea Level Rise (SLR) on storm surge and inundation in the coastal region of Bangladesh. To study the present day inundation scenario, track of two known tropical cyclones (TC) were used: Aila (Category 1; 2009) and Sidr (Category 5; 2007). Model results were validated with the available observations. Future inundation scenarios were generated by using the strength of TC Sidr, TC Aila and an ensemble of historical TC tracks but incorporating the effect of SLR. Since future change in storm surge inundation under SLR impact is a probabilistic incident, that’s why a probable range of future change in inundated area was calculated by taking in to consideration the uncertainties associated with TC tracks, intensities and landfall timing. The model outputs showed that, the inundated area for TC Sidr, which was calculated as 1860 km2, would become 31 % higher than the present day scenario if a SLR of 0.26 meter occurs during the mid-21st century climate scenario. Similar to that, an increasing trend was found for the end of the 21st century climate scenario. It was found that with a SLR of 0.54 meter, the inundated area would become 53 % higher than the present day case. Along with the inundation area, the impact of SLR was examined for the changes in future storm surge level. A significant increase of 21 % was found in storm surge level for the case of TC Sidr in Barisal station if a Sea Level Rise of 0.26 meter occurs at the middle of the 21st century. Similar to that, an increase of 37 % was found in storm surge level with a SLR of 0.54 meter in this location for the end of the 21st century climate scenario. Ensemble projections based on uncertainties of future TC events also showed that, for a change of 0.54 meters in SLR, the inundated area would range between 3500–3750 km2 whereas for present day SLR simulations it was found within the range of 1000–1250 km2. These results revealed that even if the future TCs remain at the same strength as at present, the projected changes in SLR will generate more severe threats in terms of surge height and extent of inundated area.
Near surface meltwater storage in low-density bare ice of the
Greenland ice sheet ablation zone
Authors: Cooper Matthew G. , Smith Laurence C. , Rennermalm Asa K. , Miège Clément , Pitcher Lincoln H. , Ryan Johnny C. , Yang Kang , Cooley Sarah
Published: July 2017

Abstract. We document the density and hydrologic properties of bare, ablating ice in a mid-elevation (1215 m a.s.l.) supraglacial internally drained catchment near Kangerlussuaq, southwest Greenland. We find water saturated, low-density (474–725 kg m−3, μ = 688 kg m−3) ice to at least 1.1 m depth below the ice sheet surface. This near surface, low-density ice consists of alternating fractured porous ice and clear solid ice lenses, overlain by a thin (
Estudo de produção de um sistema de controle de máquinas de terraplenagem
Authors: Fierro Sanhueza John , Diez Patricia Herrera
Published: July 2017

RESUMO: Os sistemas de controle de máquinas de terraplenagem têm se apresentado como uma solução tecnológica importante para a melhora da produtividade e qualidade dos trabalhos de movimentação de terras em obras da construção civil. Dentre essas soluções tecnológicas encontram-se os sistemas laser, sensores angulares, estações totais robóticas e receptores GPS/GNSS. Esta tecnologia permite a automação do movimento vertical da lâmina no trator de esteira e motoniveladora, e fornece informação visual do posicionamento da caçamba no referencial topográfico local da obra na escavadeira hidráulica. O aumento da produtividade mediante a utilização de um sistema de controle de máquina Duplo GNSS foi avaliada e comparada com a metodologia convencional de terraplanagem. O indicador analisado é o percentual de área no greide por hora e a qualidade da mesma em ambos os métodos. Experiências na implantação do sistema e conclusões a respeito ao incremento na produtividade e qualidade do trabalho em obras de construção civil são apresentadas.
The Impact of Self-assessment and Peer-assessment in Writing on the Self-regulated Learning of Iranian EFL Students
Authors: Fathi Jalil , Mohammad Yousefi Leila , Sedighravesh Mehrnoosh
Published: July 2017

Like other types of assessment subscribing to edumetrics as a reaction against traditional psychometrics paradigm, self-assessment and peer-assessment have enjoyed much popularity among various types of alternative assessment. Additionally, alternative assessments, especially self- and peer-assessments have been the focal point of departure as far as L2 writing has been concerned. Furthermore, self-regulation as a burgeoning area of research in L2 learning refers to the degree to which language learners can regulate aspects of their thinking, motivation and behavior during learning. Given the significance of both assessment and self-regulated learning in ELT, the present paper investigated the effect of the implementation of self-assessment and peer-assessment in a writing course on the self-regulated learning of a sample of Iranian EFL students. In so doing, sixty three English major Iranian students who were the students of three intact classes at Islamic Azad University participated in this study. One of the classes was regarded as the self-assessment group, the other group was assigned to peer-assessment group and the third class served as the control group of the study. The ANCOVA analyses of the self-regulation scale scores for the control and experimental groups revealed that both self-assessment and peer-assessment practices had a positive impact on the self-regulated learning of the participants. The results will have theoretical and pedagogical implications for Iranian English language education.
Evaluación de la estrategia educativa «Todos Pueden Aprender» desde la perspectiva del profesorado
Authors: Mendoza Adán
Published: July 2017

La presente investigación es de tipo evaluativo con enfoque cualitativo, y tuvo como objetivo, precisamente, evaluar desde las representaciones de los docentes el proceso de implementación de la estrategia educativa “Todos Pueden Aprender”. Dicha estrategia se ha implementado en El Salvador desde el año 2012 por parte del Ministerio de Educación, con la finalidad de disminuir los niveles de fracaso escolar en el primer ciclo de educación básica. Así se estudiaron cuatro Centros Escolares de la ciudad de San Miguel, empleando entrevistas a profundidad a los docentes. Los hallazgos indican que desde la perspectiva de los profesores la implementación de la estrategia educativa ha presentado sostenibilidad en su ejecución, pero con problemas en la organización institucional (encuadre normativo), en los recursos didácticos para la aplicación de las secuencias didácticas en el aula y de consenso para el seguimiento de los docentes, de la metodología de la promoción asistida.

Realidad y Reflexión Año 17, No 45, Enero-Junio 2017: 55-67
Thoracic myelopathy secondary to multi-level ossification of the ligamentum flavum in an Asian patient
Authors: Chong Chiara J , Lim Wan Tin
Published: July 2017

Thoracic myelopathy occurs less frequently than lumbar myelopathy. There are several causes of thoracic myelopathy of which ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is one. OLF has several unique features, arising posteriorly and causing proprioceptive issues first before extending to cause motor and sensory loss. We present a case of a 58-year-old gentleman with a six-month history of progressive lower limb weakness, numbness, back pain and recurrent falls due to OLF. Magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging revealed extensive thoracic OLF and concomitant facet hypertrophy involving T6-7, T7-8, T9-10, T10-11 and L1-2. Severe central canal stenosis and L1-2 cauda equina root compression were also seen on radiological imaging. The patient developed sphincter disturbance during his admission and had difficulty passing urine. He underwent physiotherapy but was only able to sit and stand with the help of a walking frame at best. He did not regain motor or sensory function in his lower limbs although his back pain improved. Surgical decompression is associated with good neurological outcomes in OLF. Despite this, our patient declined surgery and opted for conservative therapy instead. We wish to highlight a rare case of thoracic myelopathy and the potentially irreversible neurological deterioration that occurs if there is no early surgical intervention.
The Causal Relationship of Microfinance and Economic Development: Evidence from Transnational Data
Authors: Lopatta Kerstin , Tchikov Magdalena
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the so far underexamined statistical causality of the relationship between microfinance and economic development. For a representative transnational dataset covering the period 1995 - 2012 we instrumentalize pairwise vector autoregressive (VAR) estimation models and the Granger approach. We utilize prevalent microfinance institutions’ (MFI) performance indicators as measures of microfinance as well as relevant economic development indicators that not only measure economic and capital growth but also poverty, income inequality and labor participation. We find bidirectional causal interactions between both MFIs’ social and financial performance and economic development. Based on our results important implications for microfinance theory, research and practice can be derived. Future empirical research should account for the statistical causality between microfinance and economic development. In practice, purposeful and progressive action that considers the directions of causality between microfinance and economic development verified within our study should be taken to promote economic growth and poverty alleviation.
Using the Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy Plus to Develop University EFL Students’ Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Khodary Manal Mohamed
Published: July 2017

This study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of using the Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy Plus (VSSPlus) on developing university EFL students’ vocabulary learning. It adopted the quasi experimental design which included two groups design. The participants were first level students at Languages and Translation Department, Arar Faculty of Education and Arts, Northern Border University, KSA. They formed two groups: an experimental group (n = 40) and a control one (n = 40). Both groups were pre-tested by using the pre Vocabulary Achievement Test (VAT) for equivalence in vocabulary prior to the treatment. The researcher taught the experimental group throughout the sessions that based on using the VSSPlus in vocabulary learning and she taught vocabulary to the control group by using the Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS). Then, the researcher post tested the two groups by using the post VAT and she used the t-test to calculate the differences between the mean scores of the pre and post VAT. The results revealed that a statistically significant difference was found between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group on the post VAT in favor of the experimental group. The results also showed that a statistically significant difference was found in the mean scores of the experimental group between the pre and post VAT in favor of the post VAT. Therefore, it was concluded that the experimental group outperformed the control group on the post VAT as a result of receiving training on the VSSPlus. It was also concluded that the experimental group performed better on the post VAT than the pre VAT because the VSSPlus helped them develop vocabulary. Some recommendations and suggestions for further research were provided.
A Deep Look into Interactional Pathology among Couples with Morbidly Jealous Male Partners: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Soltani Marzieh , Fatehizadeh Maryam , Ahmadi Ahmad , Abedi Mohammad , Jazayeri Rezvanoosadat , Salehi Mehrdad
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to gain a deeper understanding of interactional pathology among couples with the morbidly jealous male partners by examining the lived experiences of 5 female partners. The study attempted to answer the main research question which was, "How do women experience their communication with their morbidly jealous husbands?" along with some sub questions in different dimensions of marital life. The major data collection tool consisted of semi-structured interviews (Seidman, 2013). Forty to sixty-minute interviews were conducted with each participant. Data analysis included a three-phase process: description, reduction, and interpretation. The latter was completed using the qualitative content analysis by Colaizzi (Colaizzi, 1973). Four categories of lived experiences indicating interactional difficulty among the couples were obtained from the data analysis. These interactional damageswere evident in the experiences of all the women interviewed and consisted of themes related to boundaries, control, intimacy and ‘meta-damages’. The results of the study revealed that the damages begin with those related to boundaries, develop to control and intimacy rooted in meta-damages and finally terminate marital relationships.
Strategie- en beleidsbepaling door de raad van commissarissen van Curaçaose onder toezicht staande kredietinstellingen
Authors: Talmricht A.
Published: July 2017

Strategie- en beleidsbepaling door de raad van commissarissen van Curaçaose onder toezicht staande kredietinstellingen

Dit artikel gaat over de door de Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten bij beleidsregel voorgestelde bevoegdheidsverdeling binnen de onder toezicht staande kredietinstelling, op grond waarvan de raad van commissarissen (RvC) zodanig veel bevoegdheden wordt toebedeeld, dat de zelfstandigheid van het bestuur in het geding komt en de leden van de RvC het risico lopen om aangemerkt te worden als feitelijk beleidsbepalers. Deze bijdrage is tot stand gekomen door bestudering van het positieve recht, toezichtswet- en regelgeving en relevante literatuur. Vragen van cliënten uit de bancaire sector hebben de auteur aangespoord dit artikel te schrijven. Gelet op de verstrekkendheid van de beleidsregel en de bevoegdheid van de Centrale Bank om naleving daarvan af te dwingen met dwangsommen en/of een bestuurlijke boete heeft dit artikel de nodige relevantie.
Pursuing Legal Research
Authors: Mæhle Synne Sæther
Published: July 2017

Pursuing Legal Research

By conducting methodological assessments, legal researchers decide which lines of inquiry are worth pursuing. Two aspects of such assessments are highlighted in this article. The first aspect is to construct promising lines of inquiry. The second aspect is to clarify provisionally the potential of various promising lines of inquiry. Clarifying and calibrating such potential through discourse with fellow researchers are essential. Increased awareness of how legal researchers decide which lines of inquiry are worth pursuing is vital to contemporary discourse about legal methodology.
Effects of economic globalization and trade on forest transitions: Evidence from 76 developing countries
Authors: Li Lingchao , Liu Jinlong , Cheng Baodong , Chhatre Ashwini , Dong Jiayun , Liang Wenyuan
Published: July 2017

Current forest recovery efforts in developing countries are different from previous efforts in developed countries, especially since the rise of economic globalization in the 1980s. Therefore, forest transition theory should now consider factors relating to industrialization, urbanization, and globalization. While previous studies have mainly focused on the variable trade of primary sector products, this study applies a more holistic research perspective and discusses, more widely, the links between trade, adjustment of trade structure, FDI, and forest transition. The results suggest that the total export value has a significant negative effect on forest area and volume, while the percentage of non-primary products has a significant positive impact on forest volume and density in the 76 developing countries studied. These results indicate that a country or region may improve the forest resource conditions by upgrading the export structure through the development of export-oriented manufacturing and service industries during the process of global industrial restructuring. This demonstrates the need to consider the overall global economic situation of a country when exploring the effects of economic globalization on forest transitions. In addition, this study attempts to address extant concerns regarding the quality of forest transitions by moving beyond the analysis of forest coverage to explore changes in both forest area and forest volume.
Comparison of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Antibody Reagents Using Proficiency Testing Data
Authors: Troxell Megan L. , Long Thomas , Hornick Jason L. , Ambaye Abiy B. , Jensen Kristin C.
Published: July 2017

Context.—

Immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression in breast cancer is the current standard of care and directly determines therapy. In 2010 the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) published guidelines for ER and PgR predictive testing, encompassing preanalytic, analytic, postanalytic factors; antibody validation; and proficiency testing.

Objective.—

To compare the performance of different antibody reagents for ER and PgR immunohistochemical analysis by using CAP proficiency testing data.

Design.—

The CAP PM2 survey uses tissue microarrays of ten 2-mm cores per slide. We analyzed survey data from 80 ER and 80 PgR cores by antibody clone from more than 1200 laboratories.

Results.—

Laboratories used the ER antibodies SP1 (72%), 6F11 (17%), 1D5 (3%), and the PgR antibodies 1E2 (61%), 16 (12%), PgR-636 (13%), PgR-1294 (8%) in 2015. While 63 of 80 ER cores (79%) were scored similarly using each of the 3 antibodies, there were significant differences for others, with SP1 yielding more positive interpretations. Four cores were scored as ER negative by more than half of the laboratories using 1D5 or 6F11, while SP1 produced positive results in more than 70% of laboratories using that antibody. Despite the greater variety of PgR antibody reagents and greater PgR tumor heterogeneity, 61 of 80 cores (76%) were scored similarly across the 4 PgR antibodies.

Conclusions.—

Accurate ER and PgR testing in breast cancer is crucial for appropriate treatment. The CAP proficiency testing data demonstrate differences in staining results by ER clone, with SP1 yielding more positive results.
GRAND FINALE DA OBRA DE OLIVEIRA VIANNA EM NOSSA CONSTITUIÇÃO?
Authors: Teixeira Marcelo Tolomei , Fabriz Daury Cesar
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo objetiva investigar a interpretação de Oliveira Vianna acerca do fenômeno que desencadeou o desenvolvimento da nova classe urbana trabalhadora, bem como os seus conflitos. Por meio da análise de Vianna sobre sindicato e poder normativo da Justiça do Trabalho, pretende-se descrever a proposta do autor sobre este problema, a partir das origens de sua teoria e a maneira que essas instituições estiveram presentes em nossas Constituições, inclusive como reais possibilidades de mudanças. Como metodologia, adotou-se a dialética para confrontar as obras do autor, as quais se pautam no solidarismo, corporativismo e nas atualizações do realismo jurídico americano, com as obras de seus respectivos críticos. As principais conclusões apontam que a presença do modelo de Vianna nas Constituições reduziu as possibilidades da classe trabalhadora enquanto sujeito histórico, por se tratar de uma proposta, que privilegiou o legislado e os sindicatos não representativos.
ANÁLISE DA INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DA MEDIAÇÃO A PARTIR DAS INOVAÇÕES DO NOVO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL (NCPC) E DA LEI Nº 13.140/2015 (LEI DA MEDIAÇÃO)
Authors: Martinez Sergio Rodrigo , Schulz Sthephanie Galhardo
Published: July 2017

O presente estudo destaca as inovações na seara da Mediação presentes no novo Código de Processo Civil e na Lei 13.140/2015. A prática mediativa é uma alternativa às formas jurisdicionais de resolução de conflitos, porque busca a construção do consenso, ao estimular o diálogo e melhorar a comunicação entre as pessoas. As novas normas jurídicas brasileiras trazem a tentativa de institucionalização da mediação, o que pode não trazer os benefícios esperados em termos de efetividade na resolução de controvérsias. Nesse sentido, o estudo analisa os pontos positivos e negativos da institucionalização prevista. Essa temática foi desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa teórica e dedutiva, ao revisar dados em leis e doutrinas sobre o tema.
Faire de la recherche « avec » ou de la recherche « sur » ? Une recherche sur l’exclusion ponctuelle de cours en France
Authors: DUBOIS Arnaud , KATTAR Antoine
Published: July 2017

Dans cet article, les auteurs, en tant que chercheurs s’inscrivant dans une démarche clinique d’orientation psychanalytique en sciences de l’éducation, s’interrogent sur leur démarche de recherche au cours d’une étude sur l’exclusion ponctuelle de cours au collège en France. Tentant de se situer par rapport à différents types de recherches collaboratives, ils analysent les modalités de relation qu’ils ont tenté de mettre en oeuvre au cours de cette recherche « avec » les acteurs, notamment les élèves adolescents, auprès desquels ils ont mis en place des entretiens en groupe.
Construire une recherche collaborative dans une structure expérimentale de raccrochage scolaire en mobilisant une approche biographique
Authors: MELIN Valérie
Published: July 2017

Cet article présente une recherche collaborative associant enseignants, élèves et chercheurs autour d’un projet d’atelier biographique mis en place au Micro-Lycée de Sénart. Chercheurs et praticiens ont co-construit ensemble un dispositif d’atelier biographique destiné aux élèves, anciens décrocheurs, pour en analyser les effets formatifs et les incidences sur leur capacité à s’affirmer comme des sujets sociaux aux ressources créatives et émancipatrices. L’équipe de recherche a analysé aussi dans quelle mesure cette démarche de biographisation permet aux enseignants de s’interroger sur leurs représentations et de transformer leurs pratiques. Pour ce faire, elle s’est appuyée sur la recherche biographique en éducation comme cadre de référence théorique et méthodologique. Dans cet article, nous proposons de mettre en évidence l’intérêt et les limites d’une telle approche dans le champ de la recherche collaborative.
L’accueil du chercheur dans une recherche collaborative
Authors: ROUGERIE Corinne
Published: July 2017

L’article s’appuie sur une recherche doctorale consacrée à l’accueil en travail social « L’accueil : un analyseur des implications professionnelles dans le travail social. Recherche socioclinique en CCAS » (Rougerie, 2015). Cette recherche a pour objet l’accueil, travaillé à partir de l’analyse des implications professionnelles des salariés. J’aborde la problématique de la collaboration en recherche sous l’angle de l’accueil du chercheur, de l’analyse de son implication et des effets provoqués auprès des travailleurs sociaux, agents administratifs ou agents d’animation concernés et associés à la recherche, dans un établissement social de la fonction publique territoriale française. L’analyse de l’implication du chercheur montre la dynamique participative et collaborative volontairement initiée à travers le dispositif de recherche. La dimension collaborative s’acte dans la négociation du travail mené sur le terrain. La posture du chercheur est posée alors comme la clé de voûte de la construction de la collaboration dans la recherche. Elle fait éclore le questionnement de recherche. Cette négociation participe à créer des agirs coopératifs entre chercheur et professionnels. La recherche collaborative devient un espace de co-construction de savoir qui a des impacts sur les pratiques professionnelles du chercheur comme du praticien. Elle produit des connaissances sur la fonction même de l’accueil.
Mutational analysis of driver genes with tumor suppressive and oncogenic roles in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Tianfang , Liu Yining , Zhao Min
Published: July 2017

Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex disease with heterogeneous genetic mechanisms. Genomic mutational profiling of gastric cancer not only expands our knowledge about cancer progression at a fundamental genetic level, but also could provide guidance on new treatment decisions, currently based on tumor histology. The fact that precise medicine-based treatment is successful in a subset of tumors indicates the need for better identification of clinically related molecular tumor phenotypes, especially with regard to those driver mutations on tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes (ONGs). We surveyed 313 TSGs and 160 ONGs associated with 48 protein coding and 19 miRNA genes with both TSG and ONG roles. Using public cancer mutational profiles, we confirmed the dual roles ofCDKN1AandCDKN1B. In addition to the widely recognized alterations, we identified another 82 frequently mutated genes in public gastric cancer cohort. In summary, these driver mutation profiles of individual GC will form the basis of personalized treatment of gastric cancer, leading to substantial therapeutic improvements.
Surgical Site Infections at a Saudi Hospital: The Need for a National Surveillance Program
Authors: Alsareii Saeed Ali
Published: July 2017

Surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a global health problem that causes increased morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SSI, the microbial pathogens, and their resistance patterns, as well as to identify risk factors associated with this infection at a Saudi tertiary care hospital. This cross-sectional observational study involved all patients who had undergone surgery and who stayed in the hospital for at least 48 hours during a 1-year period. SSI was diagnosed using the guidelines of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 2160 patients were included, and the overall SSI rate was 10.2%. Malignancy [odds ratio (OR) = 1.63], duration of operation (OR = 1.41), high American Society of Anesthesiologists score (OR = 1.8), and clean-contaminated (OR = 1.5) and contaminated (OR = 3.2) operations were found to be statistically significant risk factors for SSI. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Acinetobacter spp (31.5%), Escherichia coli (25.5%), and Pseudomonas spp (17.9%). This study further illustrates the burden of SSI in a typical hospital situation in developing countries. Our findings highlight the urgent need to develop a consistent national surveillance program for SSI, with accurate feedback of appropriate data to help surgeons control and reduce the SSI rates in developing countries.
Characterization of CDOM of river waters in China using fluorescence excitation‐emission matrix and regional integration techniques
Authors: Zhao Ying , Song Kaishan , Shang Yingxin , Shao Tiantian , Wen Zhidan , Lv Lili
Published: July 2017

The spatial characteristics of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) components in river waters in China were first examined by excitation‐emission matrix spectra and fluorescence regional integration (FRI) with the data collected during September to November between 2013 and 2015. One tyrosine‐like (R1), one tryptophan‐like (R2), one fulvic‐like (R3), one microbial protein‐like (R4), and one humic‐like (R5) components have been identified by FRI method. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to assess variations in the five FDOM components (FRί (ί = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5)) and the humification index for all 194 river water samples. The average fluorescence intensities of the five fluorescent components and the total fluorescence intensities FSUM differed under spatial variation among the seven major river basins (Songhua, Liao, Hai, Yellow and Huai, Yangtze, Pearl, and Inflow Rivers) in China. When all the river water samples were pooled together, the fulvic‐like FR3 and the humic‐like FR5 showed a strong positive linear relationship (R2 = 0.90, n = 194), indicating that the two allochthonous FDOM components R3 and R5 may originate from similar sources. There is a moderate strong positive correlation between the tryptophan‐like FR2 and the microbial protein‐like FR4 (R2 = 0.71, n = 194), suggesting that parts of two autochthonous FDOM components R2 and R4 are likely from some common sources. However, the total allochthonous substance FR(3+5) and the total autochthonous substances FR(1+2+4) exhibited a weak correlation (R2 = 0.40, n = 194). Significant positive linear relationships between FR3 (R2 = 0.69, n = 194), FR5 (R2 = 0.79, n = 194), and chromophoric DOM (CDOM) absorption coefficient a(254) were observed, which demonstrated that the CDOM absorption was dominated by the allochthonous FDOM components R3 and R5.
Relationship between root water uptake and soil respiration: A modeling perspective
Authors: Teodosio Bertrand , Pauwels Valentijn R. N. , Loheide Steven P. , Daly Edoardo
Published: July 2017

Soil moisture affects and is affected by root water uptake and at the same time drives soil CO2 dynamics. Selecting root water uptake formulations in models is important since this affects the estimation of actual transpiration and soil CO2 efflux. This study aims to compare different models combining the Richards equation for soil water flow to equations describing heat transfer and air‐phase CO2 production and flow. A root water uptake model (RWC), accounting only for root water compensation by rescaling water uptake rates across the vertical profile, was compared to a model (XWP) estimating water uptake as a function of the difference between soil and root xylem water potential; the latter model can account for both compensation (XWPRWC) and hydraulic redistribution (XWPHR). Models were compared in a scenario with a shallow water table, where the formulation of root water uptake plays an important role in modeling daily patterns and magnitudes of transpiration rates and CO2 efflux. Model simulations for this scenario indicated up to 20% difference in the estimated water that transpired over 50 days and up to 14% difference in carbon emitted from the soil. The models showed reduction of transpiration rates associated with water stress affecting soil CO2 efflux, with magnitudes of soil CO2 efflux being larger for the XWPHR model in wet conditions and for the RWC model as the soil dried down. The study shows the importance of choosing root water uptake models not only for estimating transpiration but also for other processes controlled by soil water content.
Structural Effects of Gating Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) through an Ionic Liquid
Authors: Guardado Jesus O. , Salleo Alberto
Published: July 2017

Ionic liquids are increasingly employed as dielectrics to generate high charge densities and enable low‐voltage operation with organic semiconductors. However, effects on structure and morphology of the active material are not fully known, particularly for permeable semiconductors such as conjugated polymers, in which ions from the ionic liquid can enter and electrochemically dope the semicrystalline film. To understand when ions enter, where they go, and how they affect the film, thin films of the archetypal semiconducting polymer, poly(3‐hexylthiophene), are electrochemically doped with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, the archetypal ionic liquid. High‐resolution, ex situ X‐ray diffraction measurements and complete pole figures reveal changes with applied voltage, cycling, and frequency in lattice spacing, crystallite orientation, and crystallinity in the bulk and at the buried interface. Dopant ions penetrate the film and enter the crystallites at sufficiently high voltages and low frequencies. Upon infiltrating crystallites, ions permanently expand lamellar stacking and contract pi‐stacking. Cycling amplifies these effects, but higher frequencies mitigate the expansion of bulk crystallites as ions are hindered from entering crystallites. This mechanistic understanding of the structural effects of ion penetration will help develop models of the frequency and voltage impedance response of electrochemically doped conjugated polymers and advance electronic applications.
Egg Albumen as a Fast and Strong Medical Adhesive Glue
Authors: Xu Kaige , Liu Yuqing , Bu Shousan , Wu Tianyi , Chang Qiang , Singh Gurankit , Cao Xiaojian , Deng Chuang , Li Bingyun , Luo Gaoxing , Xing Malcolm
Published: July 2017

Sutures penetrate tissues to close wounds. This process leads to inflammatory responses, prolongs healing time, and increases operation complexity. It becomes even worse when sutures are applied to stress‐sensitive and fragile tissues. By bonding tissues via forming covalent bonds, some medical adhesives are not convenient to be used by surgeons and have side effects to the tissues. Here egg albumen adhesive (EAA) is reported with ultrahigh adhesive strength to bond various types of materials and can be easily used without any chemical and physical modifications. Compared with several commercial medical glues, EAA exhibits stronger adhesive property on porcine skin, glass, polydimethylsiloxane. The EAA also shows exceptional underwater adhesive strength. Finally, wound closure using EAA on poly(caprolactone) nanofibrous sheet and general sutures is investigated and compared in a rat wound model. EAA also does not show strong long‐term inflammatory response, suggesting that EAA has potential as a medical glue, considering its abundant source, simple fabrication process, inherent nontoxicity, and low cost.
Visible‐Light‐Excited Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence by Manipulating Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: Cai Suzhi , Shi Huifang , Li Jiewei , Gu Long , Ni Yun , Cheng Zhichao , Wang Shan , Xiong Wei‐wei , Li Lin , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei
Published: July 2017

Visible light is much more available and less harmful than ultraviolet light, but ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) with visible‐light excitation remains a formidable challenge. Here, a concise chemical approach is provided to obtain bright UOP by tuning the molecular packing in the solid state under irradiation of available visible light, e.g., a cell phone flashlight under ambient conditions (room temperature and in air). The excitation spectra exhibit an obvious redshift via the incorporation of halogen atoms to tune intermolecular interactions. UOP is achieved through H‐aggregation to stabilize the excited triplet state, with a high phosphorescence efficiency of 8.3% and a considerably long lifetime of 0.84 s. Within a brightness of 0.32 mcd m−2 that can be recognized by the naked eye, UOP can last for 104 s in total. Given these features, ultralong organic phosphorescent materials are used to successfully realize dual data encryption and decryption. Moreover, well‐dispersed UOP nanoparticles are prepared by polymer‐matrix encapsulation in an aqueous solution, and their applications in bioimaging are tentatively being studied. This result will pave the way toward expanding metal‐free organic phosphorescent materials and their applications.
A Swellable Microneedle Patch to Rapidly Extract Skin Interstitial Fluid for Timely Metabolic Analysis
Authors: Chang Hao , Zheng Mengjia , Yu Xiaojun , Than Aung , Seeni Razina Z. , Kang Rongjie , Tian Jingqi , Khanh Duong Phan , Liu Linbo , Chen Peng , Xu Chenjie
Published: July 2017

Skin interstitial fluid (ISF) is an emerging source of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Microneedle (MN) patch has been identified as an ideal platform to extract ISF from the skin due to its pain‐free and easy‐to‐administrated properties. However, long sampling time is still a serious problem which impedes timely metabolic analysis. In this study, a swellable MN patch that can rapidly extract ISF is developed. The MN patch is made of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) and further crosslinked through UV irradiation. Owing to the supreme water affinity of MeHA, this MN patch can extract sufficient ISF in a short time without the assistance of extra devices, which remarkably facilitates timely metabolic analysis. Due to covalent crosslinked network, the MN patch maintains the structure integrity in the swelling hydrated state without leaving residues in skin after usage. More importantly, the extracted ISF metabolites can be efficiently recovered from MN patch by centrifugation for the subsequent offline analysis of metabolites such as glucose and cholesterol. Given the recent trend of easy‐to‐use point‐of‐care devices for personal healthcare monitoring, this study opens a new avenue for the development of MN‐based microdevices for sampling ISF and minimally invasive metabolic detection.
Metallic MXene Saturable Absorber for Femtosecond Mode‐Locked Lasers
Authors: Jhon Young In , Koo Joonhoi , Anasori Babak , Seo Minah , Lee Ju Han , Gogotsi Yury , Jhon Young Min
Published: July 2017

2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitides called MXenes have attracted much attention due to their outstanding properties. However, MXene's potential in laser technology is not explored. It is demonstrated here that Ti3CN, one of MXene compounds, can serve as an excellent mode‐locker that can produce femtosecond laser pulses from fiber cavities. Stable laser pulses with a duration as short as 660 fs are readily obtained at a repetition rate of 15.4 MHz and a wavelength of 1557 nm. Density functional theory calculations show that Ti3CN is metallic, in contrast to other 2D saturable absorber materials reported so far to be operative for mode‐locking. 2D structural and electronic characteristics are well conserved in their stacked form, possibly due to the unique interlayer coupling formed by MXene surface termination groups. Noticeably, the calculations suggest a promise of MXenes in broadband saturable absorber applications due to metallic characteristics, which agrees well with the experiments of passively Q‐switched lasers using Ti3CN at wavelengths of 1558 and 1875 nm. This study provides a valuable strategy and intuition for the development of nanomaterial‐based saturable absorbers opening new avenues toward advanced photonic devices based on MXenes.