bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW TYPE OF IMINOCARBONYLATON OF DIOLS, MERCAPTOALKANOL, AND DITHIOL VIA THEIR DIBUTYLSTANNYL DERIVATIVES
Authors: SAKAI S. , NIIMI H. , KOBAYASHI Y. , ISHII Y.
Published: April 2016

A New Type of Iminocarbonylation of Diols, Mercaptoalkanol, and Dithiol via Their Dibutylstannyl Derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐PENTENE FROM ETHYLENE AND PROPYLENE CATALYZED BY POTASSIUM
Authors: YAMASHITA J. , ITO Y. , HASEGAWA T. , WATANABE H. , HASHIMOTO H.
Published: April 2016

Die Codimerisierung von Ethylen und Propylen unter der Katalyse von Kalium bei 130°C in Heptan ergibt als Hauptprodukt 1‐Penten.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 1‐ALKYNYL KETONES AND 2‐ALKYNAMIDES
Authors: TOHDA Y. , SONOGASHIRA K. , HAGIHARA N.
Published: April 2016

Säurechloride (II) und Dimethylcarbamidsäurechlorid (IV) können mit 1‐Alkinen (I) in Gegenwart von Triethylamin und Kupfer(I)‐iodid/Triphenylphosphin/Palladiumdichlorid als Katalysator in guten Ausbeuten zu Alkinylketonen (III) bzw. Alkinsäureamiden (V) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON THE DERIVATIVES OF ISOPRENE. VII. THE DIMERIZATION OF 2,4‐PENTADIENENITRILES BY A COBALTOUS CHLORIDE‐ZINC CATALYST
Authors: KATAGIRI T. , TAKAYANAGI T. , TAKABE K. , TANAKA J.
Published: April 2016

Beim Erhitzen von 2,4‐Pentadiennitril und 4 Methyl‐2,4‐pentadiennitril in Acetonitril auf 50°C in Gegenwart von wasserfreiem CoClz‐Zinkkatalysator entstehen die anw‐gekuppelten Dimeren neben einigen Polymeren.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF DIETHYL 2,6‐DIOXOAZULENE‐1,3‐DICARBOXYLATE, A DERIVATIVE OF 2,6‐AZULENEDIONE (2,6‐AZULENOQUINONE)
Authors: MORITA T. , TAKASE K.
Published: April 2016

Das aus dem Diazoazulen (I) durch photochemische Zersetzung in Essigsäure und anschließende Hydrolyse gewonnene Dihydroxyazulen (III) gibt bei der Oxidation mit Dichlordicyanchinon (DDQ) nicht das Azulenchinon, sondern ein Dimeres (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE ISOMERS OF BICYCLO(4.2.1)NON‐2‐EN‐4‐OLS AND BICYCLO(4.2.1)NONAN‐3‐OLS
Authors: KLEIN G. , KRAUS W.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend vom Keton (I) werden über die Stufen (II) und (IV) trennbare Gemische der Verbindungen (Va) + (VIa) bzw. (Vb) + (VIb) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: CYTOTOXIC COMPOUNDS. PART 22. REACTION OF 2,2′‐IMINODIETHANOL WITH SOME CHLORONITROBENZENES
Authors: ABELA MEDICI A. J. , OWEN L. N. , SFLOMOS C.
Published: April 2016

Die Dichlornitrobenzole (I) reagieren mit dem Iminodiethanol (II) zu den Bis‐(hydroxyethylamino)‐nitrobenzolen (III), wobei in geringen Mengen auch die Derivate (IV) gebildet werden (Bildungsmechanismus ungeklärt); zusätzlich entsteht aus (Ia) bzw. (Ic) 2,2′,5,5′‐ bzw. 3,3′,4,4′‐Tetrachlor‐azobenzol (4 bzw. 9% Ausb.) und aus (Id) 4‐Bis‐(2‐hydroxyethylamino)‐2‐chlor‐nitrobenzol (6%).
ChemInform Abstract: N‐SULFONYLFORMAMIDINES, PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: JAKOBSEN P. , TREPPENDAHL S.
Published: April 2016

Die durch CuCl katalysierte Reaktion der Sulfonamide (I) mit den Isocyaniden (II) ergibt die Sulfonylformamidine (III), deren Stereochemie anhand der IR‐, 1H‐NMR‐ und 13C‐NMR‐Spektren untersucht wird.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF CARBON‐CARBON BONDS BY SULFONE PYROLYSIS. PART XII. SIMPLE SYNTHESES OF (3.3)PHANE HYDROCARBONS
Authors: ROSSA L. , VOEGTLE F.
Published: April 2016

Aus 1,3‐Dibrombenzol (I) wird das [3.3] Phan (IV) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYCYCLIC HYDROXYQUINONES. PART 1. PHOTO‐FRIES REARRANGEMENT OF POLYACETOXYNAPHTHALENES, APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME ACETYLNAPHTHAZARIN DERIVATIVES
Authors: ESCOBAR C. , FARINA F. , MARTINEZ‐UTRILLA R. , PAREDES M. C.
Published: April 2016

Bei Bestrahlung der Polyacetoxynaphthaline (I) und (III) entstehen die o‐Hydroxyacetonaphthone (II) bzw. (IV) (immer erfolgt nur die Wanderung von einer Acetylgruppe).
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF (R)‐(‐)‐2‐ACETYL‐1,2,3,4‐TETRAHYDRO‐2‐NAPHTHOL‐ A MODEL STUDY FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE ANTHRACYCLINONES
Authors: TERASHIMA S. , JEW S. , KOGA K.
Published: April 2016

Aus 1,2‐Dihydronaphthalin‐3‐carbonsäure (I) erhält man mit dem optisch aktiven Prolinester (II) den Amid‐carbonsäureester (IIIa), der zu (IIIb) verseift wird.
ChemInform Abstract: OCTALIN AND DECALONE DERIVATIVES FROM A NEW ANNULATION REACTION IN ENAMINE FIELD
Authors: PITACCO G. , RISALITI A. , TREVISAN M. L. , VALENTIN E.
Published: April 2016

Das Enamin (I) reagiert mit Nitrostyrol (II) zu einem 75 : 25‐Gemisch aus dem Octalin (III) und dem Enamin (IV); das Vorhandensein von (IV), das nicht isoliert werden konnte, wird durch Hydrolyse des Reaktionsgemisches zu dem α,β‐ ungesättigten Keton (V) nachgewiesen.
ChemInform Abstract: DIMERIZATION OF 1,4‐NAPHTHOQUINONE BY RHODIUM(III) CHLORIDE
Authors: HIRAYAMA R. , YAMAGISHI T. , MITA K. , KITAJIMA S. , HIDA M.
Published: April 2016

Naphthochinon (I) reagiert in Essigsäure in Gegenwart von Chinolin zu (II), das zu (III) reduziert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT ONE STEP SYNTHESIS OF 2,4‐DIALKYL‐2‐HYDROXYALKYL‐Γ‐BUTYROLACTONE USING LITHIUM NAPHTHALENIDE
Authors: FUJITA T. , WATANABE S. , SUGA K. , HOKYO M.
Published: April 2016

In Gegenwart von Naphthalin‐Lithium reagieren l Mol Propionsäure (I) und andere Carbonsäuren stufenweise mit 2 Mol 1,2‐Butenoxid (II) zu (III) und (IV), die leicht zu 2,4‐dialkylierten Butyrolactonen wie (V) und (VI) dehydratisieren.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT PREPARATIVE METHOD OF 3‐HYDROXY ACIDS, AND THE REACTION OF 3‐HYDROXY ACIDS WITH ACIDIC MATERIALS
Authors: FUJITA T. , SUGA K. , WATANABE S. , YANAGI R.
Published: April 2016

3‐Hydroxysäuren (III) entstehen in guten Ausbeuten bei der Reaktion der Säuren (I) mit den Ketonen (II) in Gegenwart von Lithium‐ naphthalenid und Diethylamin.
ChemInform Abstract: PHENANTHRO(4,5‐BCD)FURAN DERIVATIVES. IV. A SYNTHESIS OF PHENANTHRO(4,5‐BCD)FURAN
Authors: HORAGUCHI T.
Published: April 2016

Das aus der Naphthofurylpropionsäure (I) zugängliche Phenanthrofuranon (II) wird zu dem Alkohol (III) reduziert, dessen Dehydrierung mit Pd‐Kohle in Gegenwart bzw. Abwesenheit von p‐Cymol die Titelverbindung (IV) im Gemisch mit den Derivaten (V) bzw. (VI) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,2′‐(M‐PHENYLENE)‐ AND 2,2′‐(P‐PHENYLENE)‐BIS‐1,3‐BENZODITHIOLIUM BIS(TETRAFLUOROBORATE)S
Authors: NAKAYAMA J. , UEDA K. , HOSHINO M. , TAKEMASA T.
Published: April 2016

Die säurekatalysierte Kondensation von Terephthalaldehyd (I) mit Benzoldithiol (II) führt zum 2,2′‐(p‐Phenylen)‐bis‐l ,3‐benzodithiol (III), das mit Trityl‐tetrafluoroborat (IV) zum Dithiolium‐Salz (V) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITIONS OF BENZIMIDAZOLE 3‐OXIDES WITH AROMATIC DIISOCYANATES
Authors: TOLEA A. , AIRINEI A. , ZUGROVESCU J.
Published: April 2016

Benzimidazol‐3‐oxid (I) reagiert mit aromatischen Diisocyanaten (II) unter 3,2‐Cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF N‐ALKOXYCARBONYL‐2‐AMINOBENZIMIDAZOLES AND ‐3‐AMINOINDAZOLES WITH ALKYL ISOCYANATES
Authors: MAYER K. H. , LAUERER D. , HEITZER H.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung von 1,3‐Dialkoxycarbonyl‐2‐imino‐2,3‐ dihydrobenzimidazolen (I) mit Isocyanaten (II) führt unter Wanderung einer Alkoxycarbonylgruppe zu den Benzimidazolen (III), von denen (IIIc) auch auf unabhängigem Weg aus (IV) synthetisiert wurde.
ChemInform Abstract: NITRONES, PART 8. ISOXAZOLIDINE COMPOUNDS, PART 7. REFORMATSKII REACTION WITH H KETONITRONES. SLOW N‐INVERSION IN THE 5‐ISOXAZOLIDINONE RING
Authors: STAMM H. , STEUDLE H.
Published: April 2016

Die Ketonitrone (I) bilden bei der Reformatskii‐Reaktion die Isoxazolinone (III).
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURE AND REACTIVITY OF ALIPHATIC AZIDO COMPOUNDS. VIII. STUDY OF THE ISOMERIC COMPOSITION OF PRODUCTS OF THE CYCLOADDITION OF ALIPHATIC AZIDES TO ACETYLENE DERIVATIVES
Authors: TSYPIN G. I. , TIMOFEEVA T. N. , MEL'NIKOV V. V. , GIDASPOV B. V.
Published: April 2016

Das Verhältnis der bei Additionen von Aziden an die Acetylene (I) entstehenden Triazol‐Isomeren (II) und (III) wird hauptsächlich durch die Natur der Substituenten R′ und nur in geringem Maße durch die Substituenten R2 bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF 1,2,5,6‐DIBENZO‐9‐OXA‐(3.3.1)‐BICYCLONONA‐2,6‐DIENE, A NOVEL REACTION OF PHENYLACETALDEHYDE IN FLUOROSULFONIC ACID
Authors: KAGAN J. , CHEN S. Y. , AGDEPPA D. A. JUN. , WATSON W. H. , ZABEL V.
Published: April 2016

Bei Zusatz von Fluorsulfonsäure wird Phenylacetaldehyd (I) über verschiedene Zwischenstufen wie (II) zum dimeren Kondensationsprodukt (III) umgesetzt, während ansonsten aus (I) mit G′! Säuren über (IV) das Z‐Phenyl‐naphthalin (V) entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: COUPLING REACTIONS OF 1‐ALKYLPYRIDINIUM SALTS. PART 1. WITH PHOSPHITE AND PHOSPHINITE IONS
Authors: CAREY J. G. , CASE J. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Dimerisierung von 1‐Methyl‐pyridinium (I) zum Dikation (III) ist mit verschiedenen Na‐diorganophosphit‐ bzw. ‐phosphinit‐ oder ‐thiophosphinit‐Derivaten möglich; untersucht wurden Diphenylphosphinit, ‐thiophosphinit, Diethyl‐ und Diphenylphosphit in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF PYRIDINEMONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS BY CATALYTIC VAPOR PHASE OXIDATION OF ALKYLPYRIDINES. I. OXIDATION OF 2‐ AND 3‐PICOLINE AND DECARBOXYLATION OF 2‐ AND 3‐PYRIDINECARBOXYLIC ACID IN THE VAPOR PHASE
Authors: JAERAS S. + , LUNDIN S. T.
Published: April 2016

Die Gasphasenoxidation von 2‐Picolin mit Luft wird an 4 Katalysatoren bei 250‐500°C im Festbett untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF ANILINES INTO N‐METHYL‐2‐QUINOLONES VIA (2,3) SIGMATROPIC REARRANGEMENTS
Authors: GASSMAN P. G. , PARTON R. L.
Published: April 2016

Das Azasulfoniumsalz (I) lagert sich in das Amin (II) um.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS USING ISOCYANO COMPOUNDS. PART 2. A SYNTHESIS OF 3‐AMINO‐4‐HYDROXYQUINOLIN‐2(1H)‐ONE DERIVATIVES VIA OXAZOLO(4,5‐C)QUINOLIN‐4(5H)‐ONES
Authors: SUZUKI M. , MATSUMOTO K. , MIYOSHI M. , YONEDA N. , ISHIDA R.
Published: April 2016

Die Isatosäureanhydride (I) reagieren mit Cyanessigsäure‐ methylester in Gegenwart von 1,5‐Diazabicyclo(5,4,0)undec‐5‐en (DB U) zu den Oxazoloderivaten (III), die beim Behandeln mit methanolischer Salzsäure bei 50 ‐ 55°C die gesuchten Verbindungen (IV) ergeben.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REACTION OF 2‐AMINOPYRIDINE 1‐OXIDES WITH THIOPHOSGENE. 2H‐(1,2,4)OXADIAZOLO(2,3‐A)PYRIDIN‐2‐THIONES
Authors: ROUSSEAU D. , TAURINS A.
Published: April 2016

Zugabe etherischer Thiophosgen‐Lösung zu einer wäßrigalkalischen Lösung der Pyridin‐N‐oxide (I) liefert die Titelprodukte (III), die ebenso wie das analog dargestellte Dimethylderivat (IV) bei Raumtemp. beständig sind, aber bei 120‐135°C heftig explodieren.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1,4‐OXATHIAN‐2‐ONE, 5‐METHYL‐1,4‐OXATHIAN‐2‐ONE, AND 1,4‐OXATHIEPAN‐2‐ONE
Authors: DAVIES D. I. , HUGHES L. , VANKAR Y. D. , BALDWIN J. E.
Published: April 2016

Die Radikaladdition von Thioglykolsäure (ID an Vinyl‐ (Ia) bzw. cis‐ und trans‐Propenylacetat (Ib) liefert die Sulfide (III), die nach Hydrolyse zu den instabilen Hydroxysulfidsäuren (IV) in Gegenwart von katalytischen Mengen TosOH zu den Oxathianonen (V) cyclisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: INVERSE DIELS‐ALDER ADDITIONS, PART 6. INVERSE CYCLOADDITIONS WITH LACTIM ETHERS
Authors: SEITZ G. , OVERHEU W.
Published: April 2016

Für die Synthese pharmakologisch wirksamer Pyridazin‐Derivate wird das Tetrazin (I) mit den Lactimethern (II) umgesetzt, wobei statt der erwarteten Produkte (IV) und (V) die Triazine (III) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF (1,2,3)THIADIAZOLO(5,4‐D)PYRIMIDINES
Authors: NISHIGAKI S. , SHIMIZU K. , SENGA K.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung von (I) mit Phosphorpentasulfid in siedendem Pyridin liefert über die Zwischenstufe (II) das Thiadiazolopyrimidin (III), das mit Thionylchlorid beim Erhitzen zum Dion (IV) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF HETEROCYCLES VIA INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLOADDITION OF AZAHEXATRIENES. PHOTOCHEMICAL CYCLIZATION OF 5‐ARYLAZO‐6‐DIMETHYLAMINOMETHYLENEAMINO‐1,3‐DIMETHYLURACILS
Authors: YONEDA F. , HIGUCHI M.
Published: April 2016

Die Belichtung der Uracile (I) in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff ergibt in Benzol die Triazine (II) und in Abwesenheit von Sauerstoff die Theophylline (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 3,3′‐BIQUINAZOLINE‐4,4′‐DIONES AND 1,3,4‐OXADIAZOLES FROM ISATOIC ANHYDRIDE
Authors: NAGAHARA K. , TAKADA A.
Published: April 2016

Mit Hydrazinhydrat liefern die lsatosäureanhydride (I) die Bishydrazide (II), die zu den Bischinazolindionen (IV) und (VI) cyclisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: DIAZEPINES. IV. SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTION OF 6‐PHENYL‐4H‐IMIDAZO(1,2‐A)(1,5)BENZODIAZEPIN‐5(6H)‐ONES
Authors: HARA T. , FUJIMORI H. , KAYAMA Y. , MORI T. , ITOH K. , HASHIMOTO Y.
Published: April 2016

Einige Imidazobenzodiazepinone (VI) und (VII) werden dargestellt, und ihre ZNS‐Aktivität wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF METHYL 3‐TRIMETHYLSILYLPROPENATES WITH DIAZOALKANES. A FACILE 1,2‐TRIMETHYLSILYL GROUP MIGRATION WITHIN 3‐CARBOMETHOXY‐4‐TRIMETHYLSILYL‐1‐PYRAZOLINES
Authors: CUNICO R. F. , LEE H. M.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktionen des cis‐ und trans‐Isomeren des Silylpropenoats (I) mit Diazomethan (II) und den substituierten Diazomethanen (VI), (VIII) und (XII) werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL DECOMPOSITION MODES OF TRANSITION METAL METALLOCYCLES CONTAINING THE SILICON‐SILICON BOND‐ 1‐NICKELA‐ AND 1‐PLATINA‐3,4‐DISILACYCLOPENTANE RING SYSTEMS
Authors: TAMAO K. , YOSHIDA J.‐I. , OKAZAKI S. , KUMADA M.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion des Disilans (I) mit Magnesium in Ether liefert neben dem Digrignard‐ Reagenz (II) das Cyclobutan (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF HEXAMTHYLDISILTHIANE WITH CHLOROORGANOSILOXANES
Authors: LEBEDEV E. P. , FRENKEL' M. M.
Published: April 2016

Hexamethyldisilthian (I) reagiert mit den 1,5‐Dichlortrisiloxanen (II) zu den cyclischen Silthioxanen (IIIa) und (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF N,N,N′,N′‐TETRAMETHYLPHOSPHORODIAMIDATE INTERMEDIATES FOR REDUCTIVE DEOXYGENATION OF ALCOHOLS USING N,N‐DIMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDIC DICHLORIDE
Authors: LIU H.‐J. , LEE S. P. , CHAN W. H.
Published: April 2016

Behandelt man die Alkohole (I) mit Butyllithium und dem Amiddichlorid (II), so bilden sich bei anschließender Zugabe von Dimethylamin die Produkte (III) in guten Ausbeuten.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHATES OF ADAMANTANOLS, ADAMANTANETHIOLS, ADAMANTYL ALCOHOLS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES, PART 1. SYNTHESIS OF PHOSPHORIC ESTERS BY REACTION WITH 2‐CHLORO‐1,3‐DIOXA‐2‐PHOSPHORINDANE 2‐OXIDE
Authors: BOEHRINGER H. , VOIGT H.
Published: April 2016

(I) reagiert mit den Adamantanderivaten (II) zu den Phosphorsäureestern (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF SOME BIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)IMINIUM SALTS, ((PH3P)2N)X
Authors: MARTINSEN A. , SONGSTAD J.
Published: April 2016

Aufgrund der geringen Löslichkeit der meisten Titelsalze (I) in Wasser bei Raumtemp. gelingt ihre Darstellung durch einfachen Anionenaustausch aus dem in warmem Wasser stark löslichen Chlorid mit den entsprechenden Alkalimetallsalzen im Überschuß.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSES OF Δ1‐PYRAZOLINES DERIVED FROM NORBORN‐2‐ENE AND ITS 5,6‐BENZO FUSED 7‐OXA‐ANALOG, STEREOSELECTIVITY OF DIRECT PHOTOLYSIS AND STERIC CONTROL OF SENSITIZED PHOTOLYSIS. A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING GROUP SIZES.
Authors: BENEZRA C. , COHEN H.
Published: April 2016

Die direkte Photolyse der Di‐O‐methylphosphono‐substituierten syn‐ und anti‐N‐Pyrazoline (I) erfolgt ausschließlich unter Bildung der entsprechenden Cyclopropane (II) mit vollständiger Retention der Konfiguration.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ANTIMONY TRIALKOXIDES WITH ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
Authors: KOKETSU J. , ANDO F. , KATO O.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung der Antimonalkoxide (I) mit Acetanhydrid (II) zu (III) wird mit Hilfe der IR‐Spektroskopie untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: CHELATED ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
Authors: GOPINATHAN S. , GOPINATHAN C.
Published: April 2016

Die sechsfach‐koordinierten Sb(V)‐Monochelate (I) werden durch 1:1‐molare Umsetzung von Sb‐pentachlorid mit den zweizähnigen Liganden in CCl4 synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: PERI‐BRIDGED NAPHTHALENES. 2. UNSYMMETRICAL DIATOMIC CHALCOGEN BRIDGES
Authors: MEINWALD J. , DAUPLAISE D. , CLARDY J.
Published: April 2016

Die unsymm.1,8‐Chalkogen‐überbrückten Naphthaline (II) und (III) lassen sich durch Behandeln von 1,8‐Dibrom‐naphthalin (I) mit nacheinander Butyl‐Li/Schwefel und Butyl‐Li/Se bzw. ‐/Te in mäßigen bzw. schlechten Ausbb.
ChemInform Abstract: ACETOXYMERCURATION OF 1‐ARYL‐1‐PROPYNES
Authors: SPEAR R. J. , JENSEN W. A.
Published: April 2016

Aus den 1‐Aryl‐propinen (I) erhält man bei der Behandlung mit Quecksilberacetat/Eisessig sowie KCl Mischungen der isomeren Acetoxy‐mercurierungsprodukte (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF HIGHER ORGANOALUMINUM COMPOUNDS WITH ACETYLENE
Authors: YUR'EV V. P. , YUSUPOVA F. G. , GAILYUNAS G. A. , TOLSTIKOV G. A.
Published: April 2016

Das Aluminiumderivat (I) reagiert nur mit einem 1 Mol Acetylen unter Bildung der Substanz (II), die bei der Hydrolyse Cyclohexene (III) und (IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND STUDIES OF BIS(2‐CHLOROETHOXY)DICHLOROTITANIUM(IV) AND BIS(2,2,2‐TRIFLUOROETHOXY)DICHLOROTITANIUM(IV) AND THEIR ADDUCTS WITH SOME NITROGEN DONORS
Authors: PAUL R. C. , GUPTA P. K. , GULATI M. , CHADHA S. L.
Published: April 2016

Ti‐tetrachlorid reagiert mit 2‐Chlor‐ oder 2,2,2‐Trifluorethanol in Benzol unter wasserfreien Bedingungen zu den Dialkoxiden (I).
ChemInform Abstract: TETRAKIS(SALICYLALDEHYDATO)ZIRCONIUM(IV) ‐ A USEFUL SYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATE TO ZIRCONIUM SCHIFF BASE COMPLEXES SUCH AS BIS(N,N′‐DISALICYLIDENE‐1,2‐PHENYLENEDIAMINE)ZIRCONIUM(IV)
Authors: ARCHER R. D. , ILLINGSWORTH M. L.
Published: April 2016

A Useful Synthetic Intermediate to Zirconium Schiff Base Complexes Such as Bis(N,N′‐disalicylidene‐1,2‐phenylenediamine)zirconium(IV).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON SOME NEW TRIPHENYLGERMANIUM(IV) DITHIOCARBAMATES
Authors: SRIVASTAVA T. N. , KUMAR V.
Published: April 2016

IR‐ und UV‐ spektroskopische Daten sowie elektrische Dipolmomente bestätigen, daß die Dithiocarbamate in den Titelverbindungen (I) als einzähnige Liganden fungieren.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF DIBUTYLTIN(IV) WITH 2‐AMINOBENZOIC ACIDS AND 2‐(MONO‐TERT‐ARSINO)BENZOIC ACIDS
Authors: SANDHU S. S. , SINDHU J. K. , SANDHU G. K.
Published: April 2016

Die 1:1‐molare Umsetzung von Dibutylzinnoxid mit den entsprechen den 2‐substituierten Benzoesäuren in Benzol/Ethanol führt zu den drei Komplextypen (I)‐(III) (Ausbb.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF N‐(TRIALKYLSTANNYL)IMIDES
Authors: SHERBAKOV V. I. , STOLYAROVY N. E. , D'YADIKOVSKAYA O. S. , CHULKOVA T. I.
Published: April 2016

Zur Synthese der Trialkylstannylimide (III) erhitzt man die Zinnoxide (II) mit den Iniiden (I).
ChemInform Abstract: CHROMIUM(II) CHEMISTRY. PART 11. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS OF COMPLEXES OF 2,2′‐BIPYRIDYL AND 1,10‐PHENANTHROLINE
Authors: EARNSHAW A. , LARKWORTHY L. F. , PATEL K. C. , TUCKER B. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Halogenkomplexe wurden durch Zugabe einer ethanolischen Lösung einer berechneten Menge des Liganden zu einer ethanolischen Lösung des hydratisierten Cr(II)‐halogenids dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SIXTEEN‐ELECTRON BIS(ALKYNE)‐MOLYBDENUM AND ‐TUNGSTEN COMPLEXES WITH PHOSPHINES AND ISOCYANIDES, MOLECULAR AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE INSERTION PRODUCT (MOCF3(ME3CNC)((CF3)4C5NME3C)(η‐C5H5))
Authors: DAVIDSON J. L. , GREEN M. , NYATHI J. Z. , STONE F. G. A. , WELCH A. J.
Published: April 2016

Diphenylacetylen reagiert thermisch, Butin‐(2) bei UV‐Bestrahlung mit dem Komplex (III) zu den Monoacetylenkomplexen (I).
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF DIOXOURANIUM(VI) WITH BIDENTATE SCHIFF BASES DERIVED FROM SALICYLALDEHYDE AND SUBSTITUTED ANILINES
Authors: MOHANTA H. , DASH K. C.
Published: April 2016

Die 1:2‐molare Umsetzung entsprechender Uranylsalze und Schiffscher Basen in Aceton oder Methanol führt zu den luftstabilen 1:2‐Komplexen (I) (Ausbb.
ChemInform Abstract: MANGANESE(III) COMPLEXES CONTAINING SYNTHETIC MACROCYCLIC LIGANDS
Authors: BRYAN P. S. , CALVERT J. M.
Published: April 2016

Die makrocyclischen Liganden reagieren mit wasserfreiem MnBr2 in Methanol unter Stickstoff nach Zugabe von flüssigem Brom zu den Komplexen (Ia) bzw. (Ib), aus denen durch Umsetzung mit NH4PF6 die entsprechenden Hexafluorophosphate mit 35% Ausb. erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: INFLUENCE OF COPPER(II) SALTS ON THE SOLUBILITY OF CAFFEINE IN WATER‐ COMPLEX FORMATION AND THE SALTING‐OUT EFFECT
Authors: BIAGINI CINGI M. , BORROMEI R. , OLEARI L.
Published: April 2016

Die Löslichkeitsdiagramme für die Systeme H2O / CuX2 /Caffein (X: NO3 , Cl) werden bei verschiedenen Temperaturen bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: RATES AND MECHANISMS OF SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF SQUARE‐PLANAR DITHIOCARBAMATE AND DITHIOPHOSPHATE COMPLEXES OF THE NICKEL TRIAD IN METHANOL
Authors: HYNES M. J. , BRANNICK P. F.
Published: April 2016

Die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten für die Substitution der Titelkomplexe (I) mit Ethylendiamin und Cyanidionen als Nucleophile werden in Methanol bei einer Ionenstärke von 0.1 mol dm ′3 NaClO4 gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: TERPYRIDYL COMPLEXES OF PLATINUM(II)
Authors: MUREINIK R. J. , BIDANI M.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion von K2PtCl4 mit T?fpyfidyl liefert die Komplexe (I) und (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOCHEMICAL STABILITY OF 1‐PHENYLAZO‐2‐NAPHTHOL DYES CONTAINING INSULATED SINGLET OXYGEN QUENCHING GROUPS
Authors: GRIFFITHS J. , HAWKINS C.
Published: April 2016

Es ist bekannt, daß 1‐Arylazo‐2‐ naphthole wie (I) und (II) sowohl direkt bez. sensitiviert photochemisch ausbleichen.
ChemInform Abstract: DEEP BLUE PIGMENTS FORMED BY THE REACTION OF O‐ACETYLBENZOPHENONE WITH α,Ω‐DIAMINES
Authors: NAN'YA S. , MAEKAWA E.
Published: April 2016

o‐Acetylbenzophenon ergibt bei der Umsetzung mit Methandiamindihydrochlorid, I,2‐Ethandiamin oder 1,3‐Propandiamin in Gegenwart von Eisessig die blauen Farbstoffe (I) und (II).
ChemInform Abstract: BACKBONE REARRANGEMENT OF 3β,4β‐EPOXYFRIEDELANE. A FORMATION OF GERMANICOL AND SOLVENT EFFECTS
Authors: TORI M. , TSUYUKI T. , TAKAHASHI T.
Published: April 2016

Die Einwirkung von BF3‐etherat auf das Epoxyfriedelan (I) führt zu einer Umlagerungsreaktion unter Bildung der friedo‐Oleanenole (II) und (III), von β‐Amyrin (IV) und von Germanicol (V).
ChemInform Abstract: AMINOSUGARS. XXVIII. A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF BENZYL α‐ AND β‐KASUGAMINIDES VIA THE CORRESPONDING ABEQUOSIDES
Authors: YOSHIMURA J. , SATO K. , HASHIMOTO H. , SHIMIZU K.
Published: April 2016

Partielle Hydrolyse der anomeren Glycopyranoside (Ia) bzw. (IIa) und nachfolgende Mesylierung liefern über (Ib) bzw. (IIb) die Mesylate (Ic) bzw. (Ilc), die in die Epoxide (III) bzw. (IV) übergeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF NUCLEOSIDES AND NUCLEOTIDES. LXXXI. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION N OF 8‐METHYLADENOSINE
Authors: IKEHARA M. , LIMN W. , FUKUI T.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend vom Thioinosin (I) läßt sich 8‐Methyl‐adenosin (III) über die Verbindungen (II) und (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS. X. S‐SUBSTITUTED 2‐THIOADENOSINES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Authors: KIKUGAWA K. , SUEHIRO H. , AOKI A.
Published: April 2016

Aus Adenosin zugängliches 2‐Thioadenosin wird zu den S‐substituierten Verbindungen (I) alkyliert.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF DISODIUM PREPHENATE
Authors: DANISHEFSKY S. , HIRAMA M.
Published: April 2016

Die aus dem Ester (Ia) erhältliche freie Säure (Ib) wird in das Lactam (IIa) übergeführt,dessen Ester (IIb) zum Sulfoxid (III) oxidiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF PRASINONS A AND B. IDENTIFICATION OF THE NITROGEN‐CONTAINING MOIETY
Authors: GROVE J. F. , FUKUOKA M. , JOHNSON A. W. , LOPES J. N. C.
Published: April 2016

Hydrogenolyse über Pd‐Kohle von Prasinon B (insektizider Metabolit von Streptomyces prasinus) ergibt neben einem Neutralprodukt C34H5605 die Säure (Ia), die aus 2‐Hydroxyimino‐cyclopentandion‐(1,3) durch Reduktion mit Zn/AcOH und anschließende Behandlung (in situ) mit Bernsteinsäureanhydrid synthetisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATIVELY INDUCED CLEAVAGE OF TRANSITION METAL‐CARBON BONDS
Authors: DAUB G. W.
Published: April 2016

Review: Übersicht über koordinativ gesättigte d°‐, d3‐ und d4‐Systeme.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLIC LACTONES. APPROACHES TO COMPLEX MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: BACK T. G.
Published: April 2016

Review: Synthese 1. aus w‐Halogencarbonsäuren; 2. aus w‐Hydroxycarbonsäuren (a) durch direkte Veresterung, b) durch Umesterung, c) über gemischte Anhydride, d) über N‐ Acylirnidazolide, e) über Thiolester, f) über.
ChemInform Abstract: RELAXIN HAS CONFORMATIONAL HOMOLOGY WITH INSULIN
Authors: BEDARKAR S. , TURNELL W. G. , BLUNDELL T. L. , SCHWABE C.
Published: April 2016

Review: Relaxin has Conformational Homology with Insulin.
Kinetic Analysis of Co‐oxidation of Biomembrane Lipids Induced by Water‐Soluble Radicals
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Shibasaki‐Kitakawa Naomi , Noda Takao , Sukegawa Yuko , Kimura Yuya , Yonemoto Toshikuni
Published: April 2016

Experiments on the oxidation of the biomembrane lipids, cholesterol (ChH) and phospholipids (LH), induced by water‐soluble radicals were performed in three types of model liposome systems. To clarify mechanisms of sole LH and ChH oxidations and their co‐oxidation, these systems were prepared using oxidizable LH and non‐oxidizable ChH, non‐oxidizable LH and oxidizable ChH, and oxidizable LH and ChH. Experimental results showed that sole oxidation of LH or ChH in the lipid phase was induced by water‐soluble radicals and that ChH oxidation was strongly accelerated by LH oxidation. A kinetic model was constructed based on reaction mechanisms that considered mass transfer of water‐soluble radicals from the water to lipid phases, a series of sole oxidations of LH and ChH initiated by transferred radicals in the lipid phase, and accelerated reactions between LH and ChH. The resulting model quantitatively described sole LH and ChH oxidations and their co‐oxidation behaviors in liposome systems under various water‐soluble radical concentrations.
Tandem MS Characterization of Endosperm Lipid Profile in Isogenic Waxy Wheat Versus Wildtype Parent Cultivars
Authors: Brewer Lauren R. , Wetzel David L.
Published: April 2016

Among bread quality wheat cultivars, the percentage of lipids is minor, but its potential contribution to desirable traits is significant; particularly the glycolipid fraction. The lipid profile of total lipid extracts from isogenic waxy wheat kernels reveals the genetic expression compared with extracts from the corresponding wildtype wheat kernels. The collateral enhancement of desirable lipid enhancement of waxy wheats that accompanies the genetically defined carbohydrate difference is the subject of the analytical efforts described in this paper. Tandem mass spectrometry directly applied to total extract enables identification and measurement of acyl group populations within each lipid class. Significant increases were observed in glycolipid content for waxy wheats and the N11 waxy (hexaploid) triglycerides were significantly increased vs the wildtype parent.
Relationships between serum Omentin‐1 levels and bone mineral density in older men with osteoporosis
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Xin‐Lan , Liao Bin , Qin Ai‐Ping
Published: April 2016

Objective

To investigate the correlation between serum Omentin‐1 levels and the presence of osteoporosis in older men.

Methods

Serum Omentin‐1, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined in 45 older men with osteoporosis or 45 older men without osteoporosis (65–70 years old).

Results

Omentin‐1 levels were increased in older men with osteoporosis, and the differences remained significant after controlling for fat mass. Omentin‐1 was negatively correlated with BMD. In a multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, Omentin‐1, lean mass, but not fat mass, were independent predictors of BMD for the combined group. Significant negative correlations between Omentin‐1 and bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and bone cross‐linked N‐telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen (NTX) were found. Omentin‐1 was also independently associated with BMD and bone turnover markers in older men with osteoporosis and control groups that were considered separately.

Conclusions

Omentin‐1 is an independent predictor of BMD in older men with osteoporosis, and it is negatively correlated with bone turnover biochemical markers. It is suggested that Omentin‐1 may exert a negative effect on bone mass through the regulation of the osteoblast differentiation in the older men with osteoporosis.
Snakebite by the Shore Pit Viper (Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus) Treated With Polyvalent Antivenom
Authors: Mong Rupeng , Tan Hock Heng
Published: April 2016

Although snakebites are uncommon, there are several species of medically important venomous snakes native to Singapore. We present a case of envenoming by the shore pit viper ( Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus) that showed clinical improvement when treated with the Indian (Haffkine) polyvalent antivenom. A 40-year-old man was bitten on his right hand by a snake, which was identified through photos and his description to be a shore pit viper, which is native to the local mangrove area. Severe swelling and pain developed immediately after the bite, which progressed up the arm. Because of the progression of local swelling, antivenom was started. He was given a total of 6 vials (60 mL) of polyvalent antivenom, with the first vial started 3 hours after the bite. He showed clinical improvement within 24 hours. His subsequent recovery was uneventful, with no other complications as a result of envenomation or antivenom use. Severe envenoming by the shore pit viper can lead to marked local effects such as extensive swelling and tissue necrosis. Antivenom is indicated in the presence of severe local envenomation. Antivenom against the shore pit viper is however not available locally. The Indian (Haffkine) polyvalent antivenom contains antibodies against 4 common venomous snakes in India, namely the Indian cobra, common krait, Russell’s viper, and sawscaled viper. The improvement seen in this patient suggests possible cross-neutralizing activity of the Indian vipers’ antivenom against the local shore pit viper venom. Further in vivo and in vitro studies should be performed to verify this clinical case.
Diagnosis of pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism - position paper of the Working Group in Women’s Health of the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (GTH)
Authors: Linnemann Birgit , Bauersachs Rupert , Rott Hannelore , Halimeh Susan , Zotz Rainer , Gerhardt Andrea , Boddenberg-Pätzold Barbara , Toth Bettina , Scholz Ute
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Pregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Over the past decade, new diagnostic algorithms have been established, combining clinical probability, laboratory testing and imaging studies for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in the non-pregnant population. However, there is no such generally accepted algorithm for the diagnosis of pregnancy-associated VTE. Studies establishing clinical prediction rules have excluded pregnant women, and prediction scores currently in use have not been prospectively validated in pregnancy or during the postpartum period. D-dimers physiologically increase throughout pregnancy and peak at delivery, so a negative D-dimer test result, based on the reference values of non-pregnant subjects, becomes unlikely in the second and third trimesters. Imaging studies therefore play a major role in confirming suspected DVT or PE in pregnant women. Major concerns have been raised against radiologic imaging because of foetal radiation exposure, and doubts about the diagnostic value of ultrasound techniques in attempting to exclude isolated iliac vein thrombosis grow stronger as pregnancy progresses. As members of the Working Group in Women’s Health of the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (GTH), we summarise evidence from the available literature and aim to establish a more uniform strategy for diagnosing pregnancy-associated VTE.
Molecular imaging of atherosclerotic lesions by positron emission tomography - can it meet the expectations?
Authors: Brammen Lindsay , Steiner Sabine , Berent Robert , Sinzinger Helmut
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Early non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis and in particular the detection of lesions at risk with high specificity could significantly affect cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Conventional nuclear medicine approaches, in particular using autologous radiolabeled lipoproteins, can be related to histopathological findings; however, they fail to identify lesions at risk. Positron emission tomography (PET) tracers with much better physical properties have been examined, the most detailed information being available for F-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) and F-18-sodium fluoride (NaF). These two approaches are sensitive to different biochemical mechanisms, i.e. inflammation and microcalcification. Initial enthusiasm, in particular for F-18-FDG, has disappeared, although for F-18-NaF there is some hope, but this is not a breakthrough. No tracer is available so far that is able to identify a specific characteristic of a lesion prone to rupture. Other PET tracers in the pipeline have been examined, mainly in experimental models and only a few in patients, but they failed to contribute significantly to early lesion discovery and do not support great expectations. The key question is: Do we understand what we see? Moreover, methodological problems, a lack of standardization of imaging protocols and aspects of quantification provide a wide range for potential future improvements. While monitoring a therapeutic intervention seems to be possible for both F-18-FDG and F-18-NaF, highly specific early identification of lesions at risk by PET imaging is still far away. As of today, PET is not ready for routine clinical judgment of atherosclerotic lesions at risk to rupture. Even if all these problems can be solved, radiation exposure will still remain a concern, in particular for repeated studies.
Effects of rosuvastatin as an adjuvant treatment for deep vein thrombosis
Authors: San Norberto Enrique María , Gastambide María Victoria , Taylor James Henry , García-Saiz Irene , Vaquero Carlos
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Background: Statins have been reported to help prevent the development and the recurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We conducted a prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the effects of rosuvastatin plus a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), bemiparin, with conventional LMWH therapy in the treatment of DVT. Patients and methods: In total, 234 patients were randomized into two groups, 116 in the LMWH group and 118 in the statin plus LMWH group. All patients underwent lower limb duplex ultrasound and analytic markers at diagnosis and three months of follow-up. The final analysis included 230 patients. Results: No significant differences were observed in D-dimer levels after three months of follow-up between patients treated with LMWH+rosuvastatin compared to the LMWH group (802.51 + 1062.20 vs. 996.25 + 1843.37, p = 0.897). The group of patients treated with statins displayed lower levels of CRP (4.17 + 4.27 vs. 22.39 + 97.48, p = 0.018) after three months of follow-up. The Villalta scale demonstrated significant differences between groups (3.45 + 6.03 vs. 7.79 + 5.58, p = 0.035). There was a significant decrease in PTS incidence (Villalta score> 5) in the rosuvastatin group (38.3 % vs. 48.5%, p = 0.019). There were no differences in EuroQol score between groups. Conclusions: Adjuvant rosuvastatin treatment in patients diagnosed of DVT improve CRP levels and diminish PTS incidence.
Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Burgstaller Jakob Martin , Steurer Johann , Held Ulrike , Amann-Vesti Beatrice
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Background: Here, we update an earlier systematic review on the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by including the results of recently published trials. The aims are to synthesize the results of the original studies, and to identify details to explain heterogeneous results. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline for original studies that compared the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings with placebo or no compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal DVT. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Results: Five eligible RCTs with a total of 1393 patients (sample sizes ranged from 47 to 803 patients) were included. In three RCTs, patients started to wear compression stockings, placebo stockings or no stockings within the first three weeks after the diagnosis of DVT. The results of two RCTs indicate a statistically significant reduction in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of 50% or more after two or more years. The result of one RCT shows no preventive effect of compression stockings at all. Due to the heterogeneity of the study results, we refrained from pooling the results of the RCTs. In a further RCT, randomization to groups with and without compression stockings took place six months after the diagnosis of DVT, and in another RCT, only patients with the absence of PTS one year after the diagnosis of DVT were analyzed. One RCT revealed a significant reduction in symptoms, whereas another RCT failed to show any benefit of using compression stockings. Conclusions: At this time, it does not seem to be justifiable to entirely abandon the recommendations regarding compression stockings to prevent PTS in patients with DVT. There is evidence favoring compression stockings, but there is also evidence showing no benefit of compression stockings.
Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography for acute pulmonary embolism - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jie , Feng Lei , Li Jiangbo , Tang Jian
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted that included studies from January 2000 to August 2015 using the electronic databases PubMed, Embase and Springer link. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) as well as the 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRA for acute PE. Meta-disc software version 1.4 was used to analyze the data. Results: Five studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity (86 %, 95 % CI: 81 % to 90 %) and specificity (99 %, 95 % CI: 98 % to 100 %) demonstrated that MRA diagnosis had limited sensitivity and high specificity in the detection of acute PE. The pooled estimate of PLR (41.64, 95 % CI: 17.97 to 96.48) and NLR (0.17, 95 % CI: 0.11 to 0.27) provided evidence for the low missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates of MRA for acute PE. The high diagnostic accuracy of MRA for acute PE was demonstrated by the overall DOR (456.51, 95 % CI: 178.38 - 1168.31) and SROC curves (AUC = 0.9902 ± 0.0061). Conclusions: MRA can be used for the diagnosis of acute PE. However, due to limited sensitivity, MRA cannot be used as a stand-alone test to exclude acute PE.
Vertebral and internal mammary artery steal syndrome in patients with hemodialysis access
Authors: Thalhammer Christoph , Clemens Robert K. , Valentin Marie-Luise , Alonso Elena , Segerer Stephan , Husmann Marc , Amann-Vesti Beatrice R.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Background: Increased flow in the subclavian artery feeding a vascular access for hemodialysis can induce steal phenomena in the vertebral (VA) and internal mammary artery (IMA). The aim of this study was to describe the hemodynamic effects of access flow on the VA and IMA in patients with native fistulas and grafts. Patients and methods: Peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic (EDV) velocity measurements of the VA, IMA and carotid arteries, as well as flow volume measurements of the subclavian artery, were performed. Flow measurements at the side of the vascular access were compared with the contralateral side. Fifty-five patients were consecutively included, most with a radio-cephalic fistula on the left arm with a mean shunt volume of 1156 ml/min. Results: Pathologic flow patterns were observed in the ipsilateral VA in four patients (7.3 %); contralateral VA flow was normal in all patients. Peak systolic velocity of the VA was significantly decreased at the side of the shunt arm with a PSV of 42.6 ± 11.8 cm/s compared to 48.4 ± 15.6 cm/s contralateral (p < 0.05). The IMA flow pattern were normal in all patients. The PSV of the IMA was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) at the side of the shunt arm (87.5 ± 29.1 cm/s) compared to the non-shunt arm (95.9 ± 27.4 cm/s). Conclusion: We describe significant hemodynamic effects of fistulas to the vertebral and internal mammary arteries. Doppler spectral analysis of the vertebral and internal mammary arteries should be integrated in ultrasound, especially in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiac symptoms.
Verordnungshäufigkeiten von Psychopharmaka bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen in Deutschland
Authors: Franke Cindy , Fegert Jörg M. , Krüger Ulrich , Kölch Michael
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Psychopharmakotherapeutische Interventionen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sind in der Öffentlichkeit immer wieder in der Diskussion. Steigende Verordnungszahlen werden teilweise als Überversorgung interpretiert. Mittels einer systematischen Analyse veröffentlichter Studien zur Psychopharmakoepidemiologie in Deutschland wurde die Entwicklung von Verordnungen von Psychostimulanzien, Antidepressiva und Antipsychotika an Kinder und Jugendliche zwischen 2000 und 2012 analysiert. Es zeigen sich steigende Verordnungshäufigkeiten insbesondere bei Psychostimulanzien und Antipsychotika, die sich jedoch im internationalen Vergleich meist unter dem Niveau anderer vergleichbarer Länder bewegen. Andererseits sind Entwicklungen wie z. B. ein Anstieg von Antipsychotikaverordnungen kritisch zu hinterfragen. Gleichzeitig ist aber aus einzelnen Untersuchungen ableitbar, dass die pharmakotherapeutischen Interventionen entgegen früherer Untersuchungen vermehrt nach Leitlinienempfehlungen und evidenzbasiert zu erfolgen scheinen. Kinderärzte zählen neben Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatern zu den hauptsächlichen Verordnenden.

Schlüsselwörter: Psychopharmakoepidemiologie, Psychopharmakotherapie, Psychoanaleptika, Psycholeptika, Antidepressiva
Ultrafast broadband optical limiting in simple pyrene-based molecules with high transmittance from visible to infrared regions
Authors: Xiao Zhengguo , Shi Yufang , Sun Ru , Ge Jianfeng , Li Zhongguo , Fang Yu , Wu Xingzhi , Yang Junyi , Zhao Minggen , Song Yinglin
Published: April 2016

Pyrene is considered as one of the most promising nonlinear functional building blocks.
2D-IR spectroscopy of hydrogen-bond-mediated vibrational excitation transfer
Authors: Chuntonov Lev
Published: April 2016

Inter-molecular vibrational energy transfer in the hydrogen-bonded complexes of methyl acetate and 4-cyanophenol is studied by dual-frequency 2D-IR spectroscopy.
A 1-D coordination polymer route to catalytically active Co@C nanoparticles
Authors: Pariyar Anand , Gopalakrishnan Siddharth , Stansbery Joseph , Patel Rajankumar L. , Liang Xinhua , Gerasimchuk Nikolay , Choudhury Amitava
Published: April 2016

Pyrolysis of a 1-D polymeric cobalt(ii) coordination complex ([Co(BDC)(Mim)2]n, H2BDC = benzenedicarboxylic acid; Mim = N-methylimidazole) results in the formation of carbon embedded fcc cobalt nanoparticle composites, Co@C.
The epigenetic regulator Smchd1 contains a functional GHKL-type ATPase domain
Authors: Chen Kelan , Dobson Renwick C.J. , Lucet Isabelle S. , Young Samuel N. , Pearce F. Grant , Blewitt Marnie E. , Murphy James M.
Published: April 2016

Structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain containing 1 (Smchd1) is an epigenetic regulator that plays critical roles in gene regulation during development. Mutations in SMCHD1 were recently implicated in the pathogenesis of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), although the mechanistic basis remains of outstanding interest. We have previously shown that Smchd1 associates with chromatin via its homodimeric C-terminal hinge domain, yet little is known about the function of the putative GHKL (gyrase, Hsp90, histidine kinase, MutL)-type ATPase domain at its N-terminus. To formally assess the structure and function of Smchd1’s ATPase domain, we have generated recombinant proteins encompassing the predicted ATPase domain and the adjacent region. Here, we show that the Smchd1 N-terminal region exists as a monomer and adopts a conformation resembling that of monomeric full-length heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) protein in solution, even though the two proteins share only ∼8% overall sequence identity. Despite being monomeric, the N-terminal region of Smchd1 exhibits ATPase activity, which can be antagonized by the reaction product, ADP, or the Hsp90 inhibitor, radicicol, at a nanomolar concentration. Interestingly, introduction of an analogous mutation to that identified in SMCHD1 of an FSHD patient compromised protein stability, suggesting a possible molecular basis for loss of protein function and pathogenesis. Together, these results reveal important structure–function characteristics of Smchd1 that may underpin its mechanistic action at the chromatin level.
Dysarthria in Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Clinical Presentation and Impacts on Communication
Authors: Schölderle Theresa , Staiger Anja , Lampe Renée , Strecker Katrin , Ziegler Wolfram
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Although dysarthria affects the large majority of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and can substantially complicate everyday communication, previous research has provided an incomplete picture of its clinical features. We aimed to comprehensively describe characteristics of dysarthria in adults with CP and to elucidate the impact of dysarthric symptoms on parameters relevant for communication.

Method

Forty-two adults with CP underwent speech assessment by means of standardized auditory rating scales. Listening experiments were conducted to obtain communication-related parameters—that is, intelligibility and naturalness—as well as age and gender estimates.

Results

The majority of adults with CP showed moderate to severe dysarthria with symptoms on all dimensions of speech, most prominently voice quality, respiration, and prosody. Regression analyses revealed that articulatory, respiratory, and prosodic features were the strongest predictors of intelligibility and naturalness of speech. Listeners' estimates of the speakers' age and gender were predominantly determined by voice parameters.

Conclusion

This study provides an overview on the clinical presentation of dysarthria in a convenience sample of adults with CP. The complexity of the functional impairment described and the consequences on the individuals' communication call for a stronger consideration of dysarthria in CP both in clinical care and in research.