bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The thorn in the dyad: A vision on parent-child relationship in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Del Bianco Teresa , Ozturk Yagmur , Basadonne Ilaria , Mazzoni Noemi , Venuti Paola
Published: August 2018

Parents and children form a family: their characteristics balance personal and family well-being with healthy levels of stress. Research on parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrated that higher levels of parental stress are associated with communication impairment, a core symptom of ASD. The aim of this article is to discuss the connection between non-verbal communication impairment and parental psychological distress, in families with children with ASD. The interaction between atypical communication and distress of parents likely determines a cascade effect on the parent-child dyad; in fact, it decreases the quality and frequency of interactions, preventing the establishment of a healthy parent-child relationship and leading to a series of collateral problems. To this perspective, guiding the parents to reframe their children’s atypical communicative behaviour can relieve parental stress and re-program the interactional routine. This observation stresses the importance of interventions centred on the dyad, especially during early development and soon after the diagnosis, when the communicative impairment may be extremely severe.
Disordered eating behaviors through the lens of self-determination theory
Authors: Bégin Catherine , Fecteau Annie , Côté Marilou , Bédard Alexandra , Senécal Caroline , Ratté Carole
Published: August 2018

This study aimed to verify a conceptual model of eating regulation based on the Self-Determination Theory. This model suggests that basic psychological needs satisfaction is related to general self-determined motivation and autonomous regulation toward eating, which in turn are associated with less disordered eating behaviors and attitudes and better satisfaction with life. Two hundred thirty-nine women without an eating disorder completed self-reported questionnaires. The hypothesized model was tested with a serial multiple mediation analysis using PROCESS macro. The overall indirect effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction on life satisfaction through the three mediators, i.e. general motivation, regulation of eating behaviors, and eating behaviors and attitudes, was significant. Results are coherent with the Self-Determination Theory and add to past research by suggesting that basic psychological needs satisfaction might be a key target when addressing women’s disordered eating behaviors and attitudes.
Effect of congruence between sound and video on heart rate and self-reported measures of emotion
Authors: Calderón Sebastián , Rincón Raúl , Araujo Andrés , Gantiva Carlos
Published: August 2018

Most studies of emotional responses have used unimodal stimuli (e.g., pictures or sounds) or congruent bimodal stimuli (e.g., video clips with sound), but little is known about the emotional response to incongruent bimodal stimuli. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of congruence between auditory and visual bimodal stimuli on heart rate and self-reported measures of emotional dimension, valence and arousal. Subjects listened to pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant sounds, accompanied by videos with and without content congruence, and heart rate was recorded. Dimensions of valence and arousal of each bimodal stimulus were then self-reported. The results showed that heart rate depends of the valence of the sounds but not of the congruence of the bimodal stimuli. The valence and arousal scores changed depending on the congruence of the bimodal stimuli. These results suggest that the congruence of bimodal stimuli affects the subjective perception of emotion.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY IN RESIDENTIAL THERMAL INSTALLATIONS ACCORDING TO 2030 TARGETS: CASE STUDY IN THE PROVINCE OF GRANADA (SPAIN)
Authors: CARPIO MARTINEZ MANUEL , MARTIN MORALES MARIA , ZAMORANO TORO MONTSERRAT
Published: August 2018

According to the recommendations of European Directive 2002/91/EC and its subsequent modifications in European Directives 2010/31/EU and 2012/27/EU, all of which refer to energy efficiency, consideration of the source of energy used to drive a heating system is essential when trying to optimise energy efficiency and also in reducing its cost and the environmental impact caused. In this context the use of biomass is an interesting alternative to fossil fuels. A study was made of 6,234 records of the thermal systems most frequently used in the province of Granada, classified according to the source of energy used. The energy study is focused on energy efficiency in building systems. The results show the predominance of fossil fuels: gasoil is the option most frequently chosen for heating (39%), while natural gas accounts for the highest percentage overall (49%), if we add together the power used for heating, cooling and domestic hot water. The replacement of fossil fuels by renewables would lead to a reduction in the environmental footprint, cutting CO2 emissions by 17% if 23% of equipment were replaced, this being the target set in the 2030 programme. The economic savings for consumers from using renewables according to 2030 targets could be as high as 6.24%.

Keywords: Energy; Building; Renewables; Boiler; CO2 emissions; Energy efficiency.
RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR ASSESSMENT OF CONVENTIONAL MIXTURES BETWEEN NATURAL RUBBER AND LEATHER WASTES
Authors: BENITEZ LOZANO ADRIAN JOSE , URREGO YEPES WILLIAM , VELASQUEZ RESTREPO SANDRA , GIRALDO VASQUEZ DIEGO
Published: August 2018

The mixtures of natural rubber with post-industrial leather waste have a high potential given their technical characteristics, as evidenced in works developed by different authors; however, there is no information on the processes of transformation on an industrial scale. The rheology studies about rubber mixtures allow to define the best method for its processing, to validate the above experimental tests are required in molds that allow to determine the fluidity of various mixtures. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the research on the formulation of rubber-leather blends, their treatment, design and transformation to obtain products applicable on an industrial scale, as an alternative solution to the environmental problems generated by leather waste.
The present work allows to know experimentally the fluidity of 3 elastomeric mixtures (injection, extrusion and compression grade) in a mold designed for this purpose, its validation allows to determine the processing behaviour of these materials, after this relate this behaviour with the fluidity of leather rubber mixtures and the correlation with their rheological behaviour. The parameters obtained by vulcanization reometries have a direct relationship with the mixtures behaviour in the "X" type flow mold.

Key Words: Elastomers, natural rubber, leather waste, elastomer rheology, flow molds.
Le geste intermédial dans une cartographie des études mémorielles1
Authors: Fevry Sébastien
Published: August 2018

Depuis dix ans, les Memory Studies se sont constituées comme un champ multidisciplinaire principalement implanté dans le monde anglo-saxon et dans de nombreux pays européens. L’objectif de cet article sera de montrer en quoi l’intermédialité peut être envisagée comme un opérateur de champ capable de mieux dessiner les articulations qui composent le paysage actuel des Memory Studies. Dans un premier temps, nous montrerons que le recours à la méthode intermédiale permet de distinguer ce qui sépare les Memory Studies des études de mémoire en France. Alors que les premières utilisent la théorie intermédiale pour soutenir une approche centrifuge de la mémoire, attentive aux dynamiques de transfert et de déplacement, les secondes privilégient, dans leur approche des productions médiatiques, une conception des phénomènes mémoriels plus statique, patrimoniale et davantage centrée sur le territoire. Dans un deuxième temps, nous envisagerons les différentes conceptions de l’intermédialité qui se croisent au sein même des Memory Studies. Malgré les références nombreuses à Bolter et Grusin, les Memory Studies semblent souffrir d’une certaine sous-théorisation concernant l’intermédialité. Les médias occupent dès lors une place paradoxale au sein du champ, puisqu’ils sont à la fois au centre de l’échiquier mémoriel, mais, en même temps, relativement peu travaillés en tant que tels.
Thinking Intermediality in Mexico through Artistic Input
Authors: González Aktories Susana , Giovine Yáñez María Andrea
Published: August 2018

By highlighting certain paradigmatic moments and protagonists in Mexican contemporary art that reach back to the second half of the last century and continue until today, this article aims to show the undeniable “intermedial turn” that has become foundational not only for understanding current artistic movements in Mexico, but also for Mexican academia, where critics have only gradually started to recognize how an intermedial perspective may help them understand and analyze artistic proposals that can no longer be discussed from a strictly mono-disciplinary standpoint. Contributions by emblematic artists such as Mathias Goeritz, Felipe Ehrenberg, and Ulises Carrión, who have used words, images, and sound elements to broaden artistic boundaries in new and surprising ways, have been echoed and problematized in novel forms by contemporary visual artists such as Carlos Amorales and Jorge Méndez Blake as well as media artists Rafael Lozano Hemmer and Eugenio Tisselli, some of whom are also valuable interlocutors in matters of intermediality as they continue to critically theorize and sharply reflect on these types of practices.
Cartographie/Thermographie. Regards et corps instruits dans Hollow Man (Paul Verhoeven, 2000)
Authors: Lauvin Rémi
Published: August 2018

Cet article porte sur les images thermographiques dans le film hollywoodien Hollow Man (Paul Verhoeven, 2000). La thermographie y est employée comme outil de surveillance faillible, permettant au corps scruté de se camoufler et brisant le pouvoir de contrôle de l'observateur. Nous mettons également en évidence la part impure de l'image thermique, presque étrangère au modèle rétinien de la caméra. En cela, la thermographie annonce le devenir abstrait du cinéma numérique.
Une cartographie des relations intermédiales entre le jeu vidéo et les autres médias dans le cadre des franchises transmédiatiques
Authors: Duret Christophe
Published: August 2018

Cet article propose une cartographie sommaire de l’intermédialité telle qu’elle est mobilisée dans les recherches portant sur les relations entre le jeu vidéo et les autres médias au sein des franchises transmédiatiques. L’objectif poursuivi est d’identifier, grâce à une telle entreprise, plusieurs aspects problématiques du récit transmédiatique conceptualisé par Henry Jenkins : la complémentarité, la synergie et l’égalité statutaire des médias, la fluidité dans la circulation d’éléments fictionnels entre les textes et la cohérence narrative, par exemple. Afin de réduire l’angle mort intermédial que recèle le concept de récit transmédiatique, il convient de distinguer les phénomènes relevant de la transfictionnalité et de l’intermédialité (et plus précisément de l’intermédialité de milieu, de l’intermédialité formelle et de la référence intermédiale) qui s’y trouvent impliqués.
World Librarians: A Peer-to-Peer Commons for Closing the Global Digital Divide
Authors: Schweik Charlie , Smith Jeremy , Meyer Carl
Published: August 2018

INTRODUCTION An estimated 53% of the world’s population do not have Internet access. As a consequence, they lack information capital that could be key to bettering their lives. In this practice article, we introduce a sociotechnical system called “World Librarians.” This system, facilitated by a knowledge commons, provides educators, librarians, students, and medical professionals in remote Internet-poor areas of Malawi with access to digital content that they request. OBJECTIVE We describe the social and technical methods by which a team of educators, librarians, students, and information technology specialists in information-privileged environments share educational content to information-disadvantaged communities. METHODS After briefly discussing key foundational components and partnerships, we explain the mechanics of the sociotechnical system. We follow this with two proof-of-concept cases where offline requesters in remote school and library contexts in rural Malawi are assisted by an online librarian searcher team at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. RESULTS The proof of concept cases demonstrate that the relatively low-cost sociotechnical system accomplishes the goal of sharing open access educational content in remote areas with limited or no access to networked information. Moreover, the cases demonstrate that the content shared can be content global southerners offline want and need, rather than information global northerners think they should have. CONCLUSIONS The World Librarians system is ready to be scaled and replicated at other institutions with ready access to high-speed networked information. The authors welcome contact from readers who might be interested in establishing their library as a new “searcher node” in the growing World Librarians network.
Occupational and Hobby Exposures Associated With Myositis Phenotypes in a National Myositis Patient Registry
Authors: Parks Christine G. , Wilkerson Jesse , Rose Kathryn M. , Faiq Abdullah , Farhadi Payam Noroozi , Bayat Nastaran , Schiffenbauer Adam , Brunner Hermine I. , Goldberg Bob , Sandler Dale P. , Miller Frederick W. , Rider Lisa G.
Published: November 2024

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate occupational and hobby exposures to silica, solvents, and heavy metals and the odds of having the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) phenotypes dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) versus inclusion body myositis (IBM), lung disease plus fever or arthritis (LD+), and systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease–associated overlap myositis (OM).

Methods

The sample included 1,390 patients (598 with DM, 409 with PM, and 383 with IBM) aged ≥18 years from a national registry. Of these, 218 (16%) were identified with LD+, and 166 (12%) with OM. Of these, 218 (16%) were identified with LD+, and 166 (12%) with OM. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and explored joint effects with smoking.

Results

High silica exposure was associated with increased odds of having DM (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.18–3.46, compared to no exposure; P trend = 0.004), LD+ (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.10–2.78, vs no LD; P trend = 0.005), and OM (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.19–3.61, P trend = 0.020). Moderate to high heavy metals exposure was associated with greater odds of having LD+ (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.00–2.14, P trend = 0.026) and OM (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.99–2.55, P trend = 0.051). Greater odds of having LD+ were seen among smokers with moderate to high silica exposure versus nonsmokers with low or no exposure (high‐certainty assessment OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.31–4.90, P interaction = 0.061).

Conclusion

These findings, based on a systematic exposure assessment, suggest that occupational and hobby exposures to silica and heavy metals contribute to adult IIM phenotypes, including DM, OM, and LD+, a possible marker for antisynthetase syndrome or other autoantibody‐associated lung diseases.
Exceeding 23% Efficiency for 3D/3D Bilayer Perovskite Heterojunction MAPbI3/FAPbI3‐Based Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Stability
Authors: Patil Jyoti V. , Mali Sawanta S. , Hong Chang Kook
Published: November 2024

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) are gaining attention as a promising technology for next‐generation photovoltaic devices owing to their impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) and cost‐effective fabrication methods. Although, solution‐processed passivation using 2D perovskites can improve the interface recombination, this approach hampers its effective charge transportation. In this study, the study investigates the properties and performance of the bilayer 3D/3D methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3)/formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3)‐based perovskite heterojunction (BPHJ) to address these concerns. The bilayer structure consists of two distinct perovskite absorbers having independent structure that are sandwiched between two charge transporting layer (CTLs) to make functional device. First, the fabrication process is optimized to achieve high‐quality MAPbI3 perovskite films with controlled morphology and crystallinity followed by the formation of BPHJ using FAPbI3 deposition by thermal evaporation technique. The BPHJ‐160 nm‐based PSCs with optimized parameters exhibit an enhanced PCE of 23.08% compared to single‐layer reference (20.15%) device. The improved performance can be attributed to the effective charge extraction at the heterojunction interface and reduced charge recombination losses due to favorable energy levels. Furthermore, the long‐term stability of the BPHJ‐based perovskite device is assessed under continuous illumination along with its ambient and thermal stability across different environmental conditions.
Delocalized Polarons in Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Conjugated Polymers: Implications for Near‐Infrared Electrochromism and Beyond
Authors: Giri Dipanjan , Saha Shraman Kumar , Anderson Iona , Chakraborty Amit , Kala Jyotsana , Müller Jolanda Simone , Nelson Jenny , Canjeevaram Balasubramanyam Ram Kumar , Patil Satish
Published: November 2024

Conjugated polymers with delocalized polarons and near‐infrared (IR) absorption properties are promising materials for applications in electrochemical devices. However, the poor stability of low bandgap polymers in electrochemical redox conditions limits the realization of such devices. Herein, a new family of near‐IR absorbing conjugated polymers based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives with methoxy substituents to achieve reversible p‐type electrochemical doping with bistable near‐IR electrochromism is designed. The extent of volumetric doping in various electrolytes using cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry for optimal electrochemical kinetics and near‐IR contrast is systematically investigated. Further, the spray‐coated films of polymers display high open circuit memory as the methoxylation is increased on the polymer backbone. The contrasting electrochromic memory and kinetics observed for these polymers are mainly ascribed to two factors; i) the effect of backbone structure on the spatial extent of polaron delocalization, and ii) the ionization energy of the polymers. The utility of DPP‐based polymers as energy‐efficient electrochromic optical attenuators (EVOAs) with high near‐IR coloration efficiencies, and an optical attenuation value of 5.1 dB at 1.3 and 1.5 µm wavelengths is demonstrated. Furthermore, the experimental findings are corroborated with theoretical studies to establish that the polaron delocalization length is central to the performance of the device.
Integration of Pre‐Activated Carbon‐Fabric Layers for Ampere‐Hour‐Scale Quasi‐Solid‐State Pouch‐Type Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Lee Ayeon , Lee Jae Hui , Ahn Sung Hoon
Published: November 2024

Achieving ampere‐hour‐scale capacities in pouch‐type zinc–air batteries (ZABs) requires optimizing key factors, such as preventing inactive ZnO dendrite formation on zinc anodes and enhancing catalytic activity with efficient gas diffusion in the air cathode. Here, a pioneering flexible, large‐area, ampere‐hour‐scale quasi‐solid‐state ZAB is introduced, addressing these challenges through a novel preactivation strategy combined with a layered assembly approach. This method employs mass‐producible fibrous carbon textiles to form flexible fabrics that separate functions within multi‐stacked layers. Preactivated carbon fabric layers, independently functionalized and easily reassembled, enhance scalability and manufacturability. A bilayer catalytic air electrode, incorporating hydrophilic NiFe hydroxide and hydrophobic FeNC regions, ensures efficient charge and mass transfer, significantly boosting catalytic activity. To prevent dendrite formation on the zinc anode, a zincophilic copper interlayer is implemented. This configuration supports rapid, stable charge–discharge cycles at a high current density of 20 mA cm⁻2. The large‐area stacked bipolar structure pouch cells, exceeding 36 cm2, achieve a discharge capacity of up to 2500 mAh, maintaining high cycle stability through discharge–charge cycles with 200 mAh per cycle. This approach significantly enhances the scalability, manufacturability, and production potential of ultrahigh‐capacity wearable ZABs, making them practical for widespread application in various portable and flexible devices.
Oxychloride Polyanion Clustered Solid‐State Electrolytes via Hydrate‐Assisted Synthesis for All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Wang Guanzhi , Zhang Simeng , Wu Han , Zheng Matthew , Zhao Changtai , Liang Jianwen , Zhou Liyu , Yue Junyi , Zhu Xiangzhen , Xu Yang , Zhang Nian , Pang Tianlu , Fu Jiamin , Li Weihan , Xia Yuanguang , Yin Wen , Sun Xueliang , Li Xiaona
Published: November 2024

Solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) play a vital role in the development of high‐energy all‐solid‐state batteries. However, most adopted mechanical ball milling and/or high‐temperature annealing are ineffective approaches for large‐scale synthesis. Herein, a universal and scalable hydrate‐assisted strategy for the synthesis of oxychloride SSEs is developed based on the chemical reaction among alkali chlorides, AlCl3, and AlCl3·6H2O. The synthesized aluminum‐based oxychloride SSEs possess a high Li+ conductivity over 1 mS cm−1 at 30 °C. The final aluminum‐based oxychloride SSEs are structurally heterogeneous with nm‐sized LiCl‐like and LiAlCl4 crystallites and large amounts of amorphous [AlaObClc](2b+c−3a)− components. Faster local mobility of Li+ ions in amorphous structures is verified and is attributable to weakened Li+‐X− interactions ensured by the [AlaObClc](2b+c−3a)− polyanions. The potential applications for this synthesis technique are further demonstrated by kilogram‐scale reactions and synthesis of other oxychloride SSEs including zirconium‐based and tantalum‐based analogs. These findings not only provide a new simple, scalable, and energy‐efficient synthesis route for oxychloride SSEs but also further promote their application in all‐solid‐state batteries.
Superhydrophobicity With Self‐Adaptive Water Pressure Resistance and Adhesion of Pistia Stratiotes Leaf
Authors: Shao Huijuan , Wang Dehui , Song Jianing , Shi Zhenxu , Yin Kun , Shen Yang , Zhang Bowen , Xu Luqing , Guo Junchang , Yang Jinlong , Deng Xu
Published: November 2024

Superhydrophobic surfaces are promising for optimizing amphibious aircraft by minimizing water drag and adhesion. Achieving this involves ensuring these surfaces can resist high liquid pressure caused by deep water and fluid flow. Maximizing the solid‐liquid contact area is a common strategy to improve liquid pressure resistance. However, this approach inevitably increases solid‐liquid adhesion, making it challenging to guarantee a trade‐off between the two wetting characteristics. Here, it is found that the Pistia stratiotes leaf exhibits superhydrophobicity with high water pressure resistance and low adhesion, attributed to its self‐adaptive deformable microstructure with unique re‐entrant features. Under pressure, these microstructures deform to increase the solid‐liquid contact area, thereby enhancing water pressure resistance. The re‐entrant features elevate the deformation threshold, enabling higher modulus microstructures to achieve adaptive response. This facilitates the recovery of deformed microstructures, restoring the air layer and maintaining low adhesion. Following these concepts, Pistia stratiotes leaf‐inspired surfaces are fabricated, achieving an 183% improvement in water impact resistance and an ≈80% reduction in adhesion after overpressure compared to conventional superhydrophobic surfaces. The design principles inspired by Pistia stratiotes promise significant advancements in amphibious aircraft and other trans‐media vehicles.
Fluorine‐Induced Lattice Oxygen Participation in 2D Layered Double Hydroxide/MXene Hybrids for Efficient Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Pei Chengang , Kim Min‐Cheol , Baeck Unbeom , Hong Won Tae , Kim Jong Hun , Han Hyungu , Kim Jaekyum , Cho Sung Min , Yu Xu , Park Jongwook , Park Ho Seok , Kim Jung Kyu
Published: November 2024

In oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the participation of lattice oxygen can break the limitation of adsorption evolution mechanism, but the activation of lattice oxygen remains a critical challenge. Herein, a surface fluorinated highly active 2D/2D FeNi layered double hydroxide/MXene (F‐LDH/MX) is demonstrated, boosting OER with the enhanced lattice‐oxygen‐mediated path. The introduction of fluorine promotes the self‐evolution of catalyst in an alkaline environment, even without an external current. It further accelerates the formation of active metal oxyhydroxides with abundant oxygen vacancies under the operating potential. The introduced oxygen vacancy activates the lattice oxygen, increasing the proportion of lattice oxygen mechanism in OER. Owing to the synergistic effects of the 2D/2D hierarchical structure and the modulated active surface, F‐LDH/MX possesses excellent electrochemical performances, including a low overpotential of 251 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a low Tafel slope of 40.28 mV dec−1, and robust stability. The water electrolyzer system with F‐LDH/MX as the anode offers the benchmark current density at a low cell voltage of 1.53 V, while the Zn‐air battery with F‐LDH/MX as the air electrode exhibits a higher power density of 75.43 mW cm−2. This study presents a promising strategy to design highly active electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage.
Gender and educational patterns in the demand and supply of grandparent childcare in Australia
Authors: Craig Lyn , Lee DongJu , Hamilton Myra , Timonen Virpi , Adamson Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

Grandparents are an important source of childcare worldwide, but international patterns vary. We examine how demographic characteristics of parents, and of grandparents, factor into grandparent care provision considering the cultural assumptions and policy settings Australian families live within. Using the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey, we identify determinants of both the demand for and the supply of grandparent childcare in Australia (4266 grandparents and 9822 parents). Results suggest that grandmothers and mothers, as much or more than fathers and mothers, balance their reciprocal participation in employment and childcare. University‐educated grandmothers are more likely to provide regular childcare (at least once a week) and university‐educated mothers are more likely to draw upon it, inconsistent with research in other countries. It appears grandparents are stepping in as both “mother savers” and “system savers,” suggesting a need for more public policy support for Australian working mothers to capitalise on their increasingly high educational attainment.
Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Activated Dynamic Condensation Approach to Narrow‐Band Gap Vinylene‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Zixing , Meng Fancheng , Chi Xu , Jiao Yang , Xue Bai , Li Xiaomeng , Zhang Fan
Published: November 2024

Vinyl units intrinsically featuring less steric, nonpolarity, and unsaturated character, are well‐known π‐bridge used in the synthesis of high‐performance semiconducting materials. Two‐dimensional (2D) vinylene‐linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent a promising class of π‐conjugated structures, however, the range of available monomers for the reversible formation of carbon‐carbon double bonds remains limited. In this study, a new class of 2D vinylene‐linked COFs were synthesized using dimethyldiketopyrrolopyrrole (DM‐DPP) as the key monomer. The strong electron deficiency of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) makes its methyl substituents readily activated upon the cocatalysis of L‐proline and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine in aqueous solution to conduct dynamic condensation with tritopic aromatic aldehydes. The resulting COFs crystallized in an eclipsed AA stacking arrangement and featured abundant, regular nanochannels. Their robust vinyl DPP‐linking mode enhanced donor‐π‐acceptor conjugation and promoted π‐stacked alignment along the vertical direction. Consequently, the synthesized COFs exhibited band gaps as narrow as 1.02 eV and demonstrated excellent light‐harvesting capability across the visible to near‐infrared I (NIR‐I) regions. Furthermore, the COFs could be converted into free‐standing thin pellets through simple pressure casting, and show excellent photothermal response and cycling stability under different light sources.
Mesoporous Electrodes Enhance the Electrocatalytic Performance of [FeFe]‐Hydrogenase
Authors: Webb Sophie , Veliju Astrit , Maroni Plinio , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Happe Thomas , Milton Ross D.
Published: November 2024

The metalloenzyme [FeFe]‐hydrogenase is of interest to future biotechnologies targeting the production of “green” hydrogen (H2). We recently developed a simple two‐step functionalized procedure to immobilize the [FeFe]‐hydrogenase from Clostridium pasteurianum (“CpI”) on mesoporous indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes to achieve elevated H2 production with high operational stability and current densities of 8 mA cm−2. Here, we use a combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) to understand how mesoporous ITO stabilizes and activates CpI for electroenzymatic H2 production. Examination of the topography and morphology of the mesoporous ITO surface revealed a hierarchical morphology containing cavities and well‐defined nanoparticle agglomerates. Any potential effect of mesoporosity was investigated by comparing the stability and electroenzymatic activity of CpI on mesoporous ‘nanoITO’ and planar ITO, where we determined that CpI has a higher turnover frequency and adsorbs with greater stability (with respect to electroenzymatic activity over time) to nanoITO surfaces.
On the Origin of Capacity Increase in Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries with Manganese Oxide Cathodes and Copper Metal Current Collectors
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Yi , Zhan Yang , Lin Xiaodong , Yao Yingying , Zhao Tianshuo , Sun Fengzhan , Xu Hao , Ma Zhewen , Zhang Wei , Xue Yanling , Li Xiaolong , Vlad Alexandru , Zou Jianxin
Published: November 2024

Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs), with Cu as positive electrode current collector (CC), typically display a gradual capacity increase with cycling. Whereas the origin of this was suggested in gradual active material electro‐activation, the fact that this is prevalent in many positive electrode material systems remains unexplained. Herein, we elucidate the underlying mechanism through a series of multiscale joint operando X‐ray characterizations, including operando synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and imaging technology. We select a series of manganese oxides as benchmark positive electrodes and find that no magnesium ions are stored within the lattices of these materials, despite an apparent cell capacity increase with cycling. The origin of capacity increase is rooted in the gradual electrochemical corrosion of metallic Cu, release of Cu(I, II) species in electrolyte, and their subsequent redox activity, resulting in apparent electrode capacity gains. Furthermore, the shuttle and redox speciation of Cu ions trigger the irreversible depletion of both the Cu CC (or any other source) and the magnesium metal, ultimately leading to cell failure. Our work suggests the need to reconsider the appropriateness of using Cu as a positive electrode CC for RMBs.
Regioselective and Homochiral Supramolecular Polymerization of Nanotadpole Aggremers of Poly(phenylacetylene) Derivatives
Authors: Zeng Hua , Yu Peiyao , Zhang Jie , Wan Xinhua
Published: November 2024

Biological homochirality is a signature of life. Supramolecular polymerization is effective to achieve high hierarchical homochirality in nature, but has not been well‐explored. Herein, we report regioselective and homochiral supramolecular polymerization of chiral nanotadpole aggregates made of either synthetic helical poly(phenylacetylene)s or chirality‐amplified co‐assembly of chiral and achiral poly(phenylacetylene)s. The twisted nanotadpole aggregates with high screw‐sense preference polymerized as monomers (aggremers) into supramolecular chains in a head‐to‐tail regioselective and stepwise manner. Supramolecular copolymerization of enantiomeric aggremers favored formation of homochiral hierarchical supramolecular structures as visualized by TEM. Chiral hexagonal columnar mesophase of aggremers was responsive for the stereoselectivity. The work opens a gate to controllably and effectively construct functional chiral supramolecular materials and deepens the understanding of hierarchical biological homochirality.
Enhancing efficiency and economic viability in Rectisol system with cryogenic liquid expander
Authors: Qu Yaopeng , Sun Jinju , Song Peng , Wang Jianmin
Published: November 2024

Cryogenic liquid expanders have emerged as a potential energy‐saving alternative to Joule–Thomson (JT) valves in cryogenic processes. The potential impact of incorporating a liquid expander into the Rectisol process has not been quantitatively evaluated. This study seeks to assess the effectiveness of replacing the JT valve with a liquid expander in the Rectisol process through the development of thermodynamic models for each component and conducting simulations using the ASPEN software. Additional analyses, including energy, CO2 footprint, exergy, and economic evaluations, are performed for the Rectisol system. Utilizing an expander has been shown to lower energy usage by 2.52% and boost CO2 capture by 5.55%, resulting in a 7.65% decrease in energy expenditure per unit CO2 and a 1.29% rise in total exergy efficiency. Lower expander outlet temperatures and the green power output generated by the expander are the main reasons for these benefits, and the CO2 footprint analysis explains how they work. The application of an expander in the Rectisol process is an economical and low‐risk solution; the payback period is 0.32 years, and the lifetime profit is 53 folds of the investment.
XMM‐Newton Observations of the Peculiar Be X‐Ray Binary A0538‐66
Authors: Rigoselli Michela , Tresoldi Caterina , Ducci Lorenzo , Mereghetti Sandro
Published: November 2024

A0538‐66 is a neutron star/Be x‐ray binary located in the Large Magellanic Cloud and, since its discovery in the 70s, it showed a peculiar behavior that makes it a unique object in the high‐mass x‐ray binaries scene: the extremely eccentric orbit (), the short spin period of the neutron star ( ms), the episodes of super‐Eddington accretion. These characteristics contribute to a remarkable bursting activity that lasts from minutes to hours and increases the flux by a factor . In 2018, A0538‐66 was observed by XMM‐Newton in a particularly active state, characterized by a forest of short bursts lasting s each. In this contribution, we present a reanalysis of these observations. The timing analysis allowed us to distinguish between the epochs of direct accretion and propeller state that do not correlate with the orbital position of the neutron star. The spectral analysis revealed that during the accretion regime, three components (a soft one, a hard one, and a ‐keV emission line) equally contribute to the overall emission, while the propeller regime is characterized by a single soft component. We discuss these findings in the context of spherical and disk accretion regimes, highlighting the similarities and differences with other x‐ray binary systems.
The metabolic burden associated with plasmid acquisition: An assessment of the unrecognized benefits to host cells
Authors: Curtsinger Heather D. , Martínez‐Absalón Sofía , Liu Yuchang , Lopatkin Allison J.
Published: November 2024

Bacterial conjugation, wherein DNA is transferred between cells through direct contact, is highly prevalent in complex microbial communities and is responsible for spreading myriad genes related to human and environmental health. Despite their importance, much remains unknown regarding the mechanisms driving the spread and persistence of these plasmids in situ. Studies have demonstrated that transferring, acquiring, and maintaining a plasmid imposes a significant metabolic burden on the host. Simultaneously, emerging evidence suggests that the presence of a conjugative plasmid can also provide both obvious and unexpected benefits to their host and local community. Combined, this highlights a continuous cost‐benefit tradeoff at the population level, likely contributing to overall plasmid abundance and long‐term persistence. Yet, while the metabolic burdens of plasmid conjugation, and their causes, are widely studied, their attendant potential advantages are less clear. Here, we summarize current perspectives on conjugative plasmids’ metabolic burden and then highlight the lesser‐appreciated yet critical benefits that plasmid‐mediated metabolic burdens may provide. We argue that this largely unexplored tradeoff is critical to both a fundamental theory of microbial populations and engineering applications and therefore warrants further detailed study.
Blood flow‐induced angiocrine signals promote organ growth and regeneration
Authors: Follert Paula , Große‐Segerath Linda , Lammert Eckhard
Published: November 2024

Recently, we identified myeloid‐derived growth factor (MYDGF) as a blood flow‐induced angiocrine signal that promotes human and mouse hepatocyte proliferation and survival. Here, we review literature reporting changes in blood flow after partial organ resection in the liver, lung, and kidney, and we describe the angiocrine signals released by endothelial cells (ECs) upon blood flow alterations in these organs. While hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and MYDGF are important angiocrine signals for liver regeneration, by now, angiocrine signals have also been reported to stimulate hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy during the regeneration of lungs and kidneys. In addition, angiocrine signals play a critical role in tumor growth. Understanding the mechano‐elastic properties and flow‐mediated alterations in the organ‐specific microvasculature is crucial for therapeutic approaches to maintain organ health and initiate organ renewal.
Collaboration for the sustainable food supply chain: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Duong Linh Nguyen Khanh , Kumar Vikas , He Qile
Published: November 2024

There is increasing attention on the topic of collaboration for sustainable food supply chains (SFSCs), with increasingly contributing journals and publications every year. The urgency of this topic is even more highlighted due to the COVID‐19 pandemic and the more recent energy and food crisis. Hence, the field needs to have a good portrait of the ongoing research in this area and to better understand future research directions to enable optimized future strategic plans and problem‐solving capability of effective collaboration for SFSCs. This paper reviews, analyses, and synthesizes the current state of research into collaboration for SFSCs. We examine a sample of 528 articles identified from the Scopus and Web of Science databases using bibliometric analysis methodology. We identify four research clusters: collaboration and sustainable supply chain management, emerging markets and resilience, digital technologies, and perishable food products. This paper clarifies interrelated themes and identifies a range of topic areas that still demand further investigation.
Changing Nature of Consumer Values Toward Negative Word of Mouth: Voice and Risk Avoidance as Moderators
Authors: Wako Ali , Fatima Johra Kayeser , Johns Raechel
Published: November 2024

Given the increasing role of word of mouth (WOM), and primarily the impact of negative WOM on the decision‐making of today's retail consumers, it is essential to understand the changing nature of consumer values (monetary, functional, emotional and social), emotion and attitude toward negative WOM. The current study's data were collected using two online surveys in 2015 and 2019, with 290 participants in Study 1 and 201 in Study 2. The intention behind using two different time points over a 4‐year span was to capture the differences in consumers' views over the two periods. The study's findings suggested that social and emotional values remained unchanged; however, monetary and functional values changed over time. Interestingly, attitudes altered toward complaining, although the relationships between taking external action and negative WOM were unchanged in both studies. Consumers raising their voice and consumers' risk‐taking attributes were found to be significant moderators in Study 1 but not in Study 2. The findings provide useful insights into the negative WOM literature and have implications for marketing practitioners, as highlighted in the paper's conclusion.
Regulating the Microenvironment of Zn‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction to Formate
Authors: Zhan Tingting , Huang Jiali , Yang Ying , Li Yunbin , Ma Xiuling , Xiang Shengchang , Zhang Zhangjing
Published: November 2024

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) has emerged as one of the most promising strategies to alleviate the energy crisis and CO2 pollution, for which a wide variety of catalysts are under development. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with clear and designable structures are an excellent platform for ECR. In this study, two isostructural N, O‐coordinated Zn‐MOFs, FJU‐126‐4F, and FJU‐126‐CH3, based on terephthalic acid ligand with different groups (one is ─4F and the other is ─CH3) on the benzene ring, have been constructed for ECR catalysts. Significantly, the different functional groups make the performance difference of ECR. The maximum Faraday efficiency of formate (FEformate) for FJU‐126‐4F is 60.5% with the partial current density of formate (jformate) of −19.35 mA cm−2 at −1.47 V, while the optimum FEformate of FJU‐126‐CH3 is 50.2% with the jformate of −10.04 mA cm−2 at −1.57 V. This work provides an insight into the rational design of MOF catalysts for ECR.
Does women's political participation promote green innovation? Global evidence
Authors: Wang Jun‐Zhuo , Feng Gen‐Fu , Yin Zhu‐Jia , Chang Chun‐Ping
Published: November 2024

A long‐standing theory is that men value technology, while women focus more on human welfare and living conditions. Using data from 101 countries between 1996 and 2019, this study examines the impact of women's political participation on green innovation. Our results show that a one‐unit increase in women's political participation is positively associated with a 0.081 unit increase in the standard deviation of green innovation. This effect is particularly significant in developed countries where women's political participation is above the global average. Analysis using the method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) shows a more pronounced effect at lower quantiles of green innovation in high‐carbon countries, due to women's heightened environmental sensitivity. Furthermore, implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, bureaucratic quality, and law and order strengthen this relationship. Accordingly, we identify countries that should prioritize improving women's political status, especially in patriarchal and Muslim societies.
Interplay of abiotic conditions, density, and body size in shaping demography in a high‐elevation toad population
Authors: Lenzi Omar , Grossenbacher Kurt , Zumbach Silvia , Lüscher Beatrice , Althaus Sarah , Thoma Marco , Schmocker Daniela , Recher Helmut , Ozgul Arpat , Schmidt Benedikt R.
Published: November 2024

In natural populations, vital rates such as survival and reproduction are influenced by a complex interplay of abiotic conditions (e.g., environment), density dependence, and individual factors (e.g., phenotypic traits). Studies at the extremes of species distributions, particularly high elevations, offer unique insights due to the intensified effects of abiotic stressors, which can amplify both direct and indirect effects on vital rates. In this study, we focus on a high‐elevation population of the common toad (Bufo bufo) located near the upper limit of its elevational range in the Swiss Alps. This setting provides a critical context for examining how extreme abiotic conditions interact with density dependence and individual factors to influence life history traits. Utilizing 28 years of capture–mark–recapture data and individual body size measurements from nearly 2500 toads, we applied in a Bayesian statistical framework a Cormack–Jolly–Seber model for estimating male survival probabilities, and a multistate model for assessing female survival and breeding probabilities, alongside sex‐specific growth curves. Our analysis indicates that survival probabilities are significantly impacted by interactions between abiotic conditions such as the active season length and temperature at emergence from hibernation, density dependence, and individual phenotypic traits such as body size. The breeding patterns of females showed a biennial cycle, with temperature at hibernation emergence influencing the likelihood of skipping breeding events and density affecting the resumption of breeding. These results highlight the role of abiotic conditions and density in shaping physiological and reproductive strategies in a high‐stress ecological niche. Moreover, we uncovered indications of indirect effects, where both abiotic conditions and density potentially affect asymptotic growth and thus survival, mediated through changes in body size. Our findings illustrate the complex dynamics at play in high‐elevation populations and the importance of long‐term, individual‐based data in studying these processes. This study underscores the value of integrating multiple sources of variation to understand population dynamics comprehensively, particularly in understudied, extreme environments where traditional ecological models may not fully capture the nuanced interdependencies of natural systems.
Synergistic Passivation Strategies for Enhancing Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Weng Hongxin , Xiang Peng , Li Bowen , Zhang Hong , Luo Qi , Jun Chengyu , Dai Qihao , Xiao Ting , Jiang Lihua , Tan Xinyu
Published: November 2024

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are celebrated for their potential in clean and renewable energy applications. However, their performance and longevity are often compromised by surface and grain boundary defects. Herein, a posttreatment strategy using 4‐hydroxy‐4′‐biphenylcarboxylic acid ethyl ester (EHBC) is introduced to passivate these defects in perovskite films, thereby enhancing the performance of PSCs. As a Lewis base, the carbonyl group of EHBC interacts with uncoordinated lead ions to passivate lead vacancy defects, while the hydroxyl group forms hydrogen bonds with iodide ions, reducing their migration. Additionally, the hydrophobic biphenyl groups of EHBC enhance the resistance to moisture. The study demonstrates that PSCs treated with EHBC retain 69% of their initial performance after 700 h under 30% relative humidity, achieving a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.48%, a significant improvement over the untreated control PSCs (PCE = 23.04%). This synergistic passivation strategy offers an effective approach for fabricating high‐efficiency and stable PSCs.