bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shared Genomic Regions Underlie Natural Variation in Diverse Toxin Responses
Authors: Evans Kathryn S , Brady Shannon C , Bloom Joshua S , Tanny Robyn E , Cook Daniel E , Giuliani Sarah E , Hippleheuser Stephen W , Zamanian Mostafa , Andersen Erik C
Published: October 2018

Phenotypic complexity is caused by the contributions of environmental factors and multiple genetic loci, interacting or acting independently. Studies of yeast and Arabidopsis often find that the majority of natural variation across phenotypes is attributable to independent additive quantitative trait loci (QTL). Detected loci in these organisms explain most of the estimated heritable variation. By contrast, many heritable components underlying phenotypic variation in metazoan models remain undetected. Before the relative impacts of additive and interactive variance components on metazoan phenotypic variation can be dissected, high replication and precise phenotypic measurements are required to obtain sufficient statistical power to detect loci contributing to this missing heritability. Here, we used a panel of 296 recombinant inbred advanced intercross lines of Caenorhabditis elegans and a high-throughput fitness assay to detect loci underlying responses to 16 different toxins, including heavy metals, chemotherapeutic drugs, pesticides, and neuropharmaceuticals. Using linkage mapping, we identified 82 QTL that underlie variation in responses to these toxins, and predicted the relative contributions of additive loci and genetic interactions across various growth parameters. Additionally, we identified three genomic regions that impact responses to multiple classes of toxins. These QTL hotspots could represent common factors impacting toxin responses. We went further to generate near-isogenic lines and chromosome substitution strains, and then experimentally validated these QTL hotspots, implicating additive and interactive loci that underlie toxin-response variation.
A produtividade do conceito de discurso bivocal no contexto do culto televisivo Show da Fé
Authors: Ribeiro Kelli Da Rosa
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo, buscamos, no conjunto das obras do Círculo de Bakhtin, o aprofundamento das questões que envolvem a transmissão da palavra do outro e os aspectos valorativos que são intrínsecos ao processo. Nesse sentido, analisamos como se constitui o conceito de Bivocalidade nas obras do Círculo de Bakhtin, observando os principais conceitos envolvidos. A fim de mostrar a produtividade do conceito, examinamos como aparece discursivamente o processo de transmissão do discurso bíblico no pedido de patrocínio do culto televisivo Show da fé, atentando-se para diferentes vozes sociais que emergem no processo de bivocalização do discurso bíblico no culto. As reflexões em torno dos processos bivocais de apreensão, transmissão e orientação (semântica-axiológica) em relação ao discurso alheio nos permitem um olhar dialógico acerca das tensas relações entre fé, Mercado, publicidade e consumo no culto televisivo Show da fé, mostrando-nos a imbricação desses aspectos nos discursos e nos sujeitos imersos nessas interações.
Memória e amnésia sexista: repertórios de exclusão das escritoras oitocentistas
Authors: Faedrich Anna
Published: October 2018

Este texto mostra como a hostilidade para com as escritoras mulheres se relaciona ao gradual desaparecimento delas da memória e história literária brasileira. Em alguns casos de desencorajamento, por parte de uma crítica que desqualifica – de forma explícita ou velada, com ou sem razão – qualquer produção literária de autoria feminina, talentos foram interrompidos. Em outros casos, notamos o esforço por parte das escritoras para enfrentar a dominação masculina no meio literário e intelectual. O propósito deste texto é apresentar repertórios de exclusão dasescritoras oitocentistas.
Em teu ventre: quando a ficção é mais verossímil
Authors: Domingos Ana Cláudia Munari
Published: October 2018

A literatura, em sua gênese, tem profundo sentido nos mitos e nas narrativas que explicam o funcionamento do mundo – desde as vozes coletivas e sustentadoras da coletividade, até a lógica da civilização e o sentimento do homem sobre si próprio. A prosa contemporânea, sobretudo o romance, está fundada principalmente nessa última questão, na quebra entre esse mundo e o sujeito. Desde então, memórias coletivas, como as das guerras, e subjetivas, a exemplo de muitas biografias, têm-se dividido entre as principais tendências da escritura, conforme a importância dos acontecimentos e das pessoas que o vivem – ora temos sido mais empáticos com o que nos rodeia, ora somos mais centralizados em questões individuais, marca esta da mentalidade contemporânea. Em Em teu ventre, novela de 2015, o escritor português José Luís Peixoto contraria um pouco essa tendência, ao ficcionalizar uma história que faz parte do imaginário cristão: as aparições de Nossa Senhora em Fátima, Portugal, em 1917. Este trabalho busca compreender o entrelaçamento dos elementos referenciais factuais e a figuração das personagens, bem como a elaboração fictícia, pelo preenchimento dos vazios que a história nunca contou, através da observação do narrador e em torno do significado de memória a partir de Maurice Halbwachs (2004).
Discourse processing: An interview with Professor Evelyn Ferstl
Authors: Ferstl Evelyn C. , Limberger Bernardo Kolling , Buchweitz Augusto
Published: October 2018

---*** Processamento do discurso: uma entrevista com Evelyn Ferstl ***---
A (in)visibilidade da atividade de revisão de textos acadêmicos: um outro na teia dos sentidos
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Fonseca , Di Fanti Maria da Glória Corrêa
Published: October 2018

Este artigo, com base na teoria bakhtiniana e na ergologia, tem o objetivo de analisar facetas da atividade do revisor de texto acadêmico. Para tanto, observa relações de alteridade a partir de interações entre uma revisora e uma doutoranda durante parte do processo de revisão textual de uma tese de doutoramento. A reflexão contempla a análise de enunciados, via excertos de textos e respectivos comentários, no que se refere à relação entre as palavras da revisora e as palavras da doutoranda. Como resultado, percebemos que, mesmo se estabelecendo por grande grau de invisibilidade, a atividade de revisão instaura um importante outro, constitutivo da teia dos sentidos construídos na versão final do trabalho revisado.
Chanson, circulation et mémoire: l’exemple de Sou eu mesmo, o trocado – Non, je ne regrette rien de Maria Bethânia
Authors: Muñoz Juan Manuel López , Andrade Rafael Batista
Published: October 2018

Dans cette étude, nous présentons une analyse de la chanson dialogique Sou eu mesmo, o trocado – Non, je ne regrette rien de Maria Bethânia (2016) à partir de la théorie de la circulation des discours développée par le groupe Ci-Dit (notamment LOPEZ-MUÑOZ; MARNETTE; ROSIER, 2009) et de l’apport maingueneaunien en analyse du discours. Notre étude révèle l’efficacité de ces théories pour la (re)catégorisation discursive de textes génériquement hybrides. ***Canção, circulação e memória: o exemplo de Sou eu mesmo, o trocado – Non, je ne regrette rien de Maria Bethânia***Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma análise da canção dialógica de Maria Bethânia Sou eu mesmo, o trocado – Non, je ne regrette rien (2016) a partir da teoria da circulação discursiva desenvolvida pelo grupo Ci-Dit (em particular LÓPEZ-MUÑOZ; MARNETTE; ROSIER, 2009) e da contribuição de Maingueneau à análise do discurso. Nosso estudo revela a eficácia dessas teorias para a (re)categorização discursiva de textos genericamente híbridos.Palavras-chave: Memória; Discurso; Paratopia; Cenografia; Canção; Poesia.
O poder das palavras: relações de alteridade no seio do povo brasileiro, entre branquitude e negritude
Authors: Feré Liz
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo trata da maneira como, na sociedade brasileira, as relações de alteridades se traduzem no discurso cotidiano atual, no que diz respeito às relações raciais. Tais discursos revelam, além da existência de uma base teórica racista profundamente enraizada, uma falta de consciência da realidade concreta da discriminação racial no Brasil e a persistência da ideia segundo a qual a sociedade brasileira não é racista. A análise qualitativa desenvolvida parte da visão de brasileiros afrodescendentes, estudada através de um questionário googledoc, tratado pelo Programa Iramuteq, e fundamentada nas teorias do círculo de Bakhtin em diálogo com Bourdieu. O estudo aponta de que modo a linguagem influencia as relações pessoais, especialmente como a palavra e suas valorações potencializam as tensões vividas entre grupos cada vez mais antagônicos.
A História da literatura ocidental de O. M. Carpeaux e a crítica de Wilson Martins
Authors: Theobald Pedro
Published: October 2018

A primeira publicação da História da Literatura Ocidental, de Otto Maria Carpeaux, está prestes a completar sessenta anos. Obra singular no contexto do ensaísmo literário brasileiro, o livro foi poucas vezes examinado criticamente. O que se promove no presente artigo é uma revisão das resenhas publicadas pelo eminente crítico Wilson Martins à época do aparecimento da obra, do final dos anos de 1950 ao início dos anos de 1960. Além de reconhecer a contribuição de Carpeaux ao conhecimento das literaturas estrangeiras, o crítico dedicou especial atenção aos critérios historiográficos de inclusão, ao cânone e à periodização.
Social Psychology and its Interface with Psychosocial Counselling
Authors: Chiboola Hector , Chiboola Choolwe , Mazila Patrick L. , Kunda Violet W.
Published: October 2018

This article was developed based on the qualitative literature research with the intention of exploring the field of social psychology and its interface with psychosocial counselling. Social psychology seeks to understand how each person’s social behaviour is influenced by the culture, situation and environment in which it takes place; whereas psychosocial counselling aims to enhance the client’s psychological and social functioning in the context of his environment and circumstance. Social psychology and psychosocial counselling have both tended to focus more on managing specific human problems and social issues. The long established partnership between these two perspectives has resulted in the development of scientific theory and practical interventions over several decades. This implies that social psychology provides a framework of resources from which psychosocial counselling draws when dealing with the diverse problem situations that affect people in their social lives. The research question was: What elements in social psychology can interface with psychosocial counselling? The focus of the research was on three key elements in social psychology: self-concept, social attitudes and social prejudice. This article illustrates how these elements interface with psychosocial counselling. Therefore, social psychology and psychosocial counselling both have a significant role to play in the wider spectrum of social-welfare and human-relation services offered to needy people at all levels of contact.
Eine alternative Abferkelbucht im Feldversuch – direkter Vergleich zweier Abferkelsysteme
Authors: Spindler Elisabeth , Klein Sandrina , Reese Sven , Patzkéwitsch Dorian , Erhard Michael
Published: October 2018

Ziel: Direkter Vergleich einer alternativen Abferkelbucht mit einem konventionellen Kastenstand mit Fokus auf Tierwohl und -leistung. Material und Methoden: Über ein Jahr wurden in sieben Durchgängen Daten von 129 Sauen und deren 2109 Ferkeln (davon 1935 lebend geboren) erfasst. 65 Sauen (Versuchsgruppe, VG) waren in einer Abferkelbucht mit zu öffnendem Stand, 64 Sauen (Kontrollgruppe, KG) in einem Kastenstand eingestallt. Erfasst wurden der Body Condition Score (BCS) der Sauen sowie Verluste und Gewicht bei den Ferkeln. Die Beurteilung fand 9–10 Tage nach Einstallen der Muttersau (Beurteilungszeitpunkt 1 = BZP1) und 21 Tage später (BZP2) statt. In der VG wurde der Stand 5–17 Tage nach dem Abferkeln geöffnet. Das Versuchsprotokoll sah eine Öffnung nach Tag 7 vor, weshalb die Auswertung sowohl nach Tagen (Zeitraum [ZR] 1 von Tag 1–7, ZR2 ab Tag 8) als auch nach Standöffnung (offen: Gruppe Vo, geschlossen: Gruppe Vg) erfolgte. Ergebnisse: Die durchschnittlichen Ferkelzunahmen unterschieden sich nicht signifikant (VG: 5169,4 ± 787,9 g; KG: 5304,2 ± 873,3 g). Der BCS der Sauen zum BZP1 (VG: 3,30 ± 0,47; KG: 3,33 ± 0,52) war in beiden Gruppen annähernd gleich, während die Sauen der VG an BZP2 signifikant (p = 0,001) besser konditioniert waren (VG: 2,82 ± 0,54; KG: 2,50 ± 0,48). Die Gesamtverluste differierten zwischen VG und KG nicht signifikant. Die relativen Erdrückungsverluste waren von Tag 1–7 in der VG mit geschlossener Bucht signifikant (p = 0,016) geringer als in der KG. Ab Tag 8 zeigte sich in Gruppe Vo kein signifikanter Unterschied zur Gruppe Vg. Die durchschnittliche Anzahl lebend geborener Ferkel pro Sau betrug in der VG 15,1, in der KG 14,9. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Mit Fixierung der Sau in den ersten Lebenstagen der Ferkel erwies sich die getestete Abferkelbucht hinsichtlich der Produktionsdaten in diesem Betrieb als Alternative zum Kastenstand. Da Verluste nicht nur mit dem Haltungssystem verbunden sind, könnte eine Kombination dieser tierfreundlicheren Abferkelbucht mit einer anderen Genetik (weniger Ferkel/Wurf) ähnliche Aufzucht-ergebnisse erbringen wie das konventionelle System.
THERMAL TREATMENT OF SOLID WASTE GENERATED BY RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors: O. P. Krot  , O. I. Rovenskyi  , V. V. Koniev
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The solid waste management system in Ukraine consists from the land disposal of waste. In this case, there is no control over environmental pollution, which in turn leads to environmental risks. A considerable amount of solid waste is formed at the railway transport enterprises. The solution of the problem of the elimination of wastes generated at large railway stations and in the process of servicing trains, namely directly at the place of their formation, is considered in this work. Methodology. The authors propose to use mobile waste processing plants, which eliminate the negative impact of the process of accumulation of solid industrial and municipal waste on the human habitat; while they can serve a certain number of waste producers. The study was conducted on a waste processing plant (WPP-300) located in Kharkiv on the Southern Railway. Findings. The design and purpose of the main units of waste processing plant are described. The bottom ash after incineration of solid waste accounts for 5-10 % of the initial volume of waste and corresponds to the safe IVth class of the waste classification catalog. Multi-stage thermal catalytic cleaning of waste gases provides concentration of harmful substances, including dioxin group within the limits of permissible norms. For complete combustion of all components of the waste, the temperature in the furnace was 850-900 ºC, the presence of flue gases in the afterburner at 1100-1200 ºC for at least two seconds, the defined excess air 1.4. Originality. The authors for the first time conducted a study of the parameters of incineration of various elemental wastes. We calculated the total theoretical volume of combustion products on a mobile waste-processing complex. Practical value. The use of a mobile incineration plant allows solving the problem of solid domestic waste disposal. As shown by the practice of its operation, such measures are justified and are not only economically viable, but also environmentally friendly. The results of the work allow estimating the amount of waste gases at various morphological compositions of the waste of the railway transport.
DETERMINATION OF THE VARIED CONSTRUCTIVE PARAMETERS FOR BALANCING UNITS OF PORTAL CRANES
Authors: Suglobov V. V. , S. V. Raksha  , K. V. Tkachuk
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The research was carried out to improve the design process of the balancing unit for portal crane. In order to achieve the purpose one should: 1) to develop a dynamic and mathematical model that allows describing the movement of balancing unit and the boom system of portal crane, when derricking; 2) to propose the way for determining and the methodology for calculating the array of variable design parameters of balancing units; 3) to calculate the optimal ratio of the beam mounting coordinates for balancing units and to study their influence on the imbalance of the portal crane boom system. Methodology. To determine the kinematic characteristics of the balancing unit links, dynamic and mathematical models, describing the movement of balance beam with counterweight when derricking, have been developed. The task of balancing boom systems of portal cranes is reduced to determining the design parameters of the device, which would provide balancing of the boom system on the entire range of derricking. It was also developed a methodology for calculating the acceptable varying design parameters of balancing units, taking into account the conditions of mobility, assemblability and the requirements for the values of unbalanced boom torque. Findings. Based on mathematical calculations and computer simulation the expediency of using the proposed methodology for determining the design parameters of balancing units has been scientifically substantiated. The developed array of variable data makes it possible to take into account the nature of balancing and optimize the design of counterbalancing devices and boom systems for portal cranes. The authors analyzed the influence of variable parameters on the generally accepted criteria for assessing the quality of the articulated boom system: the system's unbalance, the weight of counterweight, the indices of load and boom unbalanced moments. Originality. For the first time, a methodology for determining an array of variable data has been proposed. It makes it possible to form the array of rational design parameters of balancing units. It was developed a local program for complex optimization synthesis, which makes it possible to determine the optimum ratios of the balance beam coordinates, under which the conditions of balance and quality of the portal crane are satisfied. Practical value. The proposed methodology for determining the array of varying design parameters can be used in the development organizations for designing new and retrofitting the existing balancing units for portal cranes with articulated boom systems. The proposed methodology was tested at the launch of complex optimization synthesis with respect to cranes, the configuration of which ensures assemblability and mobility of the links of all systems.
THEORETICAL STUDIES ON THE PROCESS OF CHANGE OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF FREIGHT CARS IN OPERATION
Authors: Shaposhnyk V. Y.
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The scientific work is intended to investigate the technical condition of freight cars during their operation. The said purpose involves solving the following tasks: 1) to describe the technical condition of a freight car during the maintenance and repair period; 2) to determine the dependences of the probability of a freight car being in working condition during the life cycle; 3) to specify the expression for the technical availability ratio of the car fleet. Methodology. To achieve the purpose, the author examined the methodological approaches to the definition of various stages of the freight car life cycle. The system of change and transition of the technical condition of the freight car is described using differential equations. Findings. In the case of an unstable process of changing the technical condition of a freight car, the probabilistic characteristic of the appropriate life cycle stage depends on the amount of time. The intensity of the input and output flows are correlated with each other, taking into account the probability of a freight car being at the appropriate stage of its life cycle. Originality. Transitions from one car life cycle to another occur in discrete steps, that is, such transitions are characterized by a random process. The probability of a freight car being at the appropriate life cycle is determined by its prior technical condition. The total value of the set of all possible conditions consists of the Markov chain for random processes with random states and a continuous flow of time. The study resulted in obtaining, for the first time, of the dependence of the probability of a freight car being in working condition during the life cycle. Practical value. On the basis of the obtained definition for the probability of the freight car being in working condition the expression for the technical availability ratio of the car fleet was clarified.
ORGANIZATION PECULIARITIES OF ACCIDENT RECOVERY WORKS DURING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AT RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors: V. G. Loza
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The work is aimed to generalize the information on the current state and organization peculiarities of the rescue and emergency works during the elimination of emergency situations at railway transport of Ukraine. Methodology. In the process of research, the analysis methods were used to study the content and main provisions of domestic and foreign scientific publications, normative legal acts of Ukraine and other sources on conducting accident recovery works during elimination of the emergency consequences at railway transport. Findings. Taking into account the positive domestic and foreign experience in conducting rescue and emergency works during elimination of transport accidents at railway transport, the aims of practical application and interaction of the administrating authorities and the forces of functional subsystem of prevention and response to the threat or occurrence of emergency situations are expanded in the work. It is determined the possibility to take these peculiarities into account when planning, organizing and performing accident recovery works during elimination of the emergency consequences at railway transport. Originality. The obtained results make it possible to widen the concept of "emergency situation at railway transport". The functions and tasks of administrating authorities, forces and means of the functional subsystem of prevention and response to the threat or occurrence of emergency situations at the state, regional and object level are determined. It was described the interaction organization of the emergency operations centers, coordinating organs and civil defense forces during response to emergency situations. Practical value. Taking into account the peculiarities of the conditions in which the rescue and accident recovery works will be carried out at railway transport will allow to increase the efficiency of works and interaction of administrating authorities and the forces of functional subsystem of prevention and response to the threat or occurrence of emergency situations.
OPTIMAL STRUCTURAL RESERVATION OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Semenets S. N. , Nasonova S. S. , Semenets G. I.
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to give designers of highly reliable technical systems that do not have special knowledge in the field of optimization and programming skills, a simple and accessible mathematical tool for choosing the optimal solution for structural redundancy of systems. Methodology. The article poses the problem of optimal structural redundancy of technical systems. Two typical redundancy schemes are considered: a) a separate "hot" backup scheme; b) a separate "cold" backup scheme. The computational models for estimating the reliability of redundant systems are formulated. We offer optimization models that allow us to find a rational option for reserving a system that is being designed, taking into account conflicting requirements for its reliability and cost. These models are numerically implemented in the operating environment of the Excel spreadsheet as applied to the main object, consisting of 7 elements. The optimal variants of reserving this object according to the "hot" and "cold" separate reservation schemes are given. Findings. Calculated models for estimating reliability, as well as models for optimizing the systems reserved for the "hot" and "cold" separate backup schemes, have been developed. With the use of the Excel spreadsheet, the optimal options for reserving 7 element objects are found for separate "hot" and "cold" backups. Originality. New computational models for estimating the reliability of redundant systems are proposed, as well as optimization models developed on the basis of these, which are formulated using the decomposition of unknown initial problem of structural redundancy into binary components. In this case, the obtained optimization models belong to the class of problems of non-linear mathematical programming with binary variables, for the numerical solution of which (even for a sufficiently large dimension) well-known packages of applied computer programs, in particular, the MS Excel spreadsheet, are well adapted. Thus, the process of solving the initially very complicated problem of optimal structural redundancy is much simpler and reduced to performing elementary actions in the corresponding software interfaces. Practical value. The proposed calculation models for estimating the reliability of redundant systems, models for optimal structural redundancy, and the methodology for their formation, in order to simplify further numerical implementation, can be useful in solving problems of ensuring the reliability of technical systems in the early stages of their design.
IMPROVING ΤΗΕ MECHANICAL SYSTEM OF ΤΗΕ ELECTRODΕ HOLDER TO REDUCE ELECTRODE VIBRATION
Authors: A. O. Vlasov  , S. V. Zdanevich
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The article is aimed: 1) to develop a mathematical model and to determine the dynamic parameters of a mechanical system of balanced electrode holder of electric arc furnace; 2) to perform a comparative estimation of the maximum amplitudes and the nature of forced and free decaying oscillations of the electrode in the horizontal plane after the electrodynamic load drop for the balanced electrode and the electrode holder with a rigid mount of the sleeve to the rack; 3) to determine the characteristics of the dry friction damper based on the orthogonal wedge mechanism with the initial tension of the linear elastic elements, subject to the possible amplitudes and frequencies of oscillations of the electrode holder Methodology. The solution is carried out by the methods of theoretical mechanics and the theory of oscillations, dynamic analysis of the electrode holder mechanical system taking into account non-stationary electrodynamic excitation. Simulation of mechanical oscillations of the electrode in the horizontal plane was carried out by means of MathCAD Findings. The dynamical system of the balanced electrode holder of three-phase electric arc furnace on the basis of a double physical pendulum with elastic dissipative bonds is considered. The parameters of the dynamic model and electrodynamic excitation of oscillations are determined. Differential equations of forced oscillations of a dissipative system with two degrees of freedom are formulated. The mathematical modeling of forced and free oscillations of an electrode in a horizontal plane is executed. Originality. The dynamic synthesis of the balanced electrode holders of the electric arc furnace is carried out for the first time, taking into account the possible electrodynamic effects on the current-carrying elements of the bearing structure and the electrode. Dynamic synthesis and analysis of such structures of electrode holders was not performed before. Practical value. Practical recommendations and analytical dependencies for choosing the dynamic parameters of mechanical system of balanced electrode holder under condition of minimum deviation of the electrode from the initial position in the horizontal plane are developed. The design of dry friction damper based on orthogonal wedge mechanism with linear elastic elements and their initial tension is proposed.
INVESTIGATION OF PREMATURE DESTRUCTION CAUSES OF LOCOMOTIVE 2TE116 CRANKSHAFT
Authors: V. L. Horоbets  , V. V. Kovalenko
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The work is aimed at identifyinbg the causes of premature destruction of the locomotive 2TE116 crankshaft. Methodology. Macrostructural, fractographic, and analytical analyses have been used to identify the causes of premature destruction of the shaft. Findings. In this work, the subject of the study is not only the structural state and properties of the shaft material, but also the chemical properties of the environment, the working fluid and the state of the working documentation for the locomotive operation. The research carried out in the work showed: 1) the non-conformity of the impact viscosity of the crankshaft material to the requirements of the relevant standard; 2) the presence of more than 17% of diesel fuel in the chemical composition of oil, which significantly increases the friction coefficient in the working mechanism due to the formation of carbon deposit, the areas of adhesion and pitting corrosion of the metal. Originality. A comprehensive analytical and technical approach for identification of premature destruction causes of the locomotive 2TE116 crankshaft was used in the work. The maximum number of factors that could influence the premature destruction of the crankshaft were estimated. It was shown that the combination of factors that negatively influenced the performance characteristics of the crankshaft has reached the so-called «critical mass», which inevitably caused the destruction. Introduction of additional signaling factors (in addition to the noise factor during the operation of the diesel engine with oil contaminated by diesel fuel more than 17%) and fault monitoring in the operation of such large mechanical aggregates will additionally discipline locomotive drivers and mechanics when working on instructions for warning destruction of large locomotive structures. Practical value. The studies confirmed the importance of controlling the chemical composition and mechanical characteristics of rolling stock components and constructions. The need for periodic control of the oil chemical composition is shown. Supervision over the careful keeping of work book can prevent the destruction of valuable structures of rolling stock.
What is Left from the Identity of the State of Israel Proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence?
Authors:   Strasbourg University (France), Schenhav Mordechai
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, to look at the Identity of Israel as both Jewish and democratic State in its Declaration of Independence and the status it acquired over the years within the Constitutional and law system. The second, to examine, through the evolution of the enounced principle of equality in the situation of economic, gender, religious and national minorities, how it was implemented and what has changed after 70 years. From the outset, the Declaration was not given a constitutional status but later the Supreme Court gave it an interpretive quality. With the two Basic Laws on Human Rights, limited as they were, it gave the Supreme Court much more advantage to intervene and impose the Identity of the State as Jewish and democratic in its interpretations of laws in spite of strong criticism and even to influence and criticize the Knesset legislation. However, Israel is still not a true liberal Democracy since the rights within it are determined more according to the ethnic-national religious belonging of the person that according to its citizenship and the principle of equality is only partially adopted in practice with different degrees as regards the various minorities. In some aspects, it even moves away from the original intended Identity of an exemplary liberal Democratic Nation State.
Keeping Parties Together? The Evolution of Israel’s Anti-Defection Law
Authors:   Concordia University in Montreal (Canada), Nikolenyi Csaba
Published: October 2018

In 1991, the Knesset passed a package of legislation with the aim of preventing the rampant party switching and defections by elected representatives. At the time of its adoption, the so-called anti-defection law was supported by an all-party consensus. Although the legislation has remained in effect, its apparent continuity conceals the way in which it has become transformed from what was at first an “efficient” institution to a “redistributive” one (Tsebelis 1990). In this paper, I review the development of the Israeli anti-defection law and argue that whereas at the initial moment of its adoption the anti-defection law was considered to benefit all parties in the system, over time it has become an instrument in the hands of the governing coalition to manipulate divisions and engineer further defections among the opposition in order to shore up its often fragile legislative base.
Israel’s Neoliberal Turn and its National Security Paradigm
Authors:   Ben Gurion University of the Negew (Israel), Krampf Arie
Published: October 2018

Since the early 2000s, Israel has adhered to a particularly virulent strain of economic neoliberalism which has led to an unprecedented rise in nationwide levels of poverty and inequality. Attempts to explain this phenomenon have ignored a key aspect: The need of Israel – and especially its right-wing governments – to create an economic reality that reduces the pressure Israel faces from the international community in the wake of its continued occupation of the territories.
Beyond “Recognition”. The Polish Perspectives on Israeli and Palestinian National Identities: Preliminary Assumptions of Research
Authors:   University of Wrocław (Poland), Szydzisz Marcin , Jarząbek Jarosław
Published: October 2018

The paper aims to provide an overview of the main streams of perception of Israeli and Palestinian national identities by Polish authorities and society, as well as analyze their sources. The study covers the period of time when both of the national identities took shape, that is since the beginning of the mass Jewish migration to Palestine at the beginning of the XXth century until the present time. As the Jews have for a long time been an important part of Polish history and society, Poles have a strong perception of Jewish, and consequently also Israeli, identity. Polish Jews, who played a crucial role in establishing the Israeli state and shaping Israeli national identity, were treated by many Poles as “our Jews”. This perception was conditioned by internal factors, such as social relations, cultural proximity, historical memory or political views. In contrast, a perception of the Palestinian identity from the very beginning was conditioned externally, because it resulted from international political developments and a narrative imposed by foreign powers. Another special feature of the Polish perception of Israeli and Palestinian identity is the fact that public opinion very often differs significantly from the political position of state authorities.
The Response of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee to the Crisis of Soviet Jewish Émigré Dropouts (Noshrim) in the 1970s
Authors:   Ben Gurion University of the Negev (Israel), Lazin Fred
Published: October 2018

The JDC is an American Jewish organization that assists overseas Jewish communities in distress. It is responsible to “American Jewry” and those organizations that fund it. Bauer (1974, 19) argued that the JDC has been guided by its founding “pledge of impartiality – it steers clear of political involvements” and takes pride in being “probably the only really non-partisan organization in Jewish life.” This paper examines the role of the JDC in caring for Soviet émigrés who left on visas for Israel but chose to resettle elsewhere. They were known as “dropouts” (Noshrim in Hebrew). It also deals with the JDC policy toward recently settled Russian Jews who left Israel to resettle elsewhere. In its work with Soviet Jewish emigres did the JDC serve the interests of the Israeli government, its donors and or the emigres? Did the JDC abide by its pledge of impartiality? Did the JDC try to force them to resettle in Israel against their wishes? The paper focuses on the spring of 1976 when the number of dropouts outnumbered those resettling in Israel. This led to a joint committee of Israelis and American Jews to coordinate a response. The ‘freedom of choice’ debate ensued; should Soviet Jews resettle in Israel or have the freedom to choose where to resettle? The findings here are based on archival records in the JDC, the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS), the CJF (Jewish federations) and the American Jewish Committee (AJC). The author also conducted interviews and reviewed secondary sources. The paper should contribute to a better understanding of the JDC and its past ties to Israel and the American Jewish community.
Deconstructing the Topos of Poland as a Jewish Necropolis in Texts by Israeli Authors of the Third PostHolocaust Generation
Authors:   University of Wrocław (Poland), Budzik Jagoda
Published: October 2018

The paper aims at recognizing and describing the ways of deconstructing the topos of Poland as a Jewish necropolis, a process that in the last decade appears more and more often in the works of Israeli authors of the third generation after the Shoah. The generation concept – as I argue – can serve here as a useful tool for understanding the shift which occurred in the specific national context of Israeli Holocaust discourse and strongly influenced the image of Poland in Israeli literature and culture. Poland depicted as a Jewish necropolis has become one of the central motifs present in Israeli literary as well as the artistic canon of Shoah representations. As the central space where the Shoah occurred, Poland was obviously perceived as a land marked by death and formed exclusively by the experience of the Holocaust. However, in the aftermath of two major shifts that have occurred in the last decades: a meaningful change in the Israeli Holocaust discourse and the new reality of Poland after 1989, and also as a consequence of the growing time distance separating yet another generation from the events themselves, numerous authors born in Israel mostly in the 1970s and in the 1980s began approaching the above-mentioned motif critically. This tendency, one of the few typical for the third generation, is demonstrated either through the motif ’s deconstruction and subversive usage or, more radically, by employing the genre of alternate history and changing the place’s identity (e.g. Tel Aviv by Yair Chasdiel). The topos of Poland as a necropolis has therefore been turned into a part – or even a starting point – of the reflection on collective memory patterns (e.g. Kompot. The Polish-Israeli Comic Book), stereotypes (e.g. Bat Yam by Yael Ronen), and on the authors’ own roots and identity (e.g. The Property by Rutu Modan). By analyzing the abovementioned texts, I will explore the process of constant interaction occurring between collective and the individual memory, between the Israeli national perspective and Polish landscapes, between an author and space and, finally – between the category of the third generation and its representatives themselves.
Hebrew and Polish: Mutual Influences and Their Contribution in Creating a Polish Criminals’ Jargon
Authors:   University of Warsaw (Poland), Adamczyk Angelika
Published: October 2018

In this paper, I wish to present the complexity of Jewish-Polish relations from the 19th century until the interwar period, with emphasis on sociolinguistic issues. I will illustrate the circumstances of the contact between the Polish and Hebrew languages. Poles and Jews, who lived side by side, developed successful relationships, but mainly in the criminal underworld. That was reflected in a sociolect – a dialect of criminals that constituted a mixture of Polish, Yiddish, Russian, and several other languages, including quite a few Hebrew words, which with time adopted new meanings. Moreover, I will provide some examples of Hebrew words used in Polish criminal jargon, as well as those which have been coined in every-day Polish. Then I will refer to some Hebrew words that are not connected with a world of crime and are still in use in spoken Polish.
Entre rituales fúnebres y movilizaciones de protesta. Modos de hacer arte y política durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, La Rocca Malena
Published: October 2018

Within my research on activism and theatre experiments in the latest Argentine history, I wonder about ways of engaging in art and politics during the last civil-military dictatorship in 1976–1983. For this purpose, I focused on the aesthetic and political activity of Tit (Taller de Investigaciones Teatrales) and Cucaño: two artistic groups formed during this period in Buenos Aires and Rosario respectively. Their undertook activities in the repressive conditions that marked everyday life in the times of state terrorism. However, members of both groups, who conducted bold street actions, organized theatre gatherings and festivals and published the fanzine, which referred to a specific form or rhetorical discourse, not always aimed at direct confrontation with the regime. The article discusses funeral rituals that were present in the artistic activities of both groups. It also allowed for reflection on changes in the relationship between art and politics that arose in the process of democratic change.
Las bañistas de Raquel Forner: mujeres modernas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Gluzman Georgina G.
Published: October 2018

Argentine painter Raquel Forner (1902-1988) has an outstanding place in the national art historical literature, where her work appears regularly from the founding narrative of critic and art historian José León Pagano in the late 1930s. Her double description as heroine of the avant-garde and as weaver of the antifascist flag has kept partially veiled her active participation in the construction of the various variants of the icon ography of the modern woman, a relevant topic in the Argentine art of the 1920s and 1930s. Far from the mourning women that have sustained her entry into the histories of national art, her modern women have strong bodies and powerful gestures. From a series of works associated with the figure of the bather, painted in 1928 and 1929, we will explore the visual construction of a modern femininity, interested in new activities and new scenarios. Far from being a peculiarity of Raquel Forner, this subject permeated the production of other artists who, in various media, dedicated themselves to unfold the visual characteristics of the new feminine appearance and of the social places recently opened to the women. From the celebrated photographer Annemarie Heinrich to the very little known painter Lucrecia Moyano, the concern with this subject was commonplace for many women artists of the 1920s and 1930s.
“Los argentinos descendemos de los barcos”, pero… ¿de cuáles? Apuntes sobre la (in)visibilización de la negritud rioplatense en las prácticas artísticas contemporáneas
Authors: Mattei Andrea Díaz
Published: October 2018

If epistemic or knowledge colonization is the most difficult to displace from our subjectivities, one can understand that in Latin America –one of those “others close to the West”– a western thinking system still dominates, as being residual from the past colonization. This thinking, heir to European modernist reductionism, entails in itself a fundamental basis: racism –as the poet and politician Aimé Césaire stated in his Discourse on Negritude (1987) and other theoreticians picked up later on. If dominant Euroccidentalism begins with modernity – in the midst of Latin America colonisation– and then continues with its humanist school, the persistence of its influence as the prevailing system of thinking should not be surprising, notwithstanding the practical and intellectual efforts made to counteract it for decades. In the young Argentine Republic of the nineteenth century there was a clear political will to spread the idea of whitening and Europeanization. In fact, social imaginary had been formed, according to which there were no more “black” Argentinians, and this had only been an (extinguished) episode of the Spanish colony. From the hegemonic discourse of power, from education and intellectuality in general, black and autochthonous roots (of native peoples) were denied, with the exception of few patriotic folklorisms. Thus, the collective imaginary would say that the supposed “national identity” was composed of a “melting pot of races”, coming mostly from the great European migration. Realizing this, a Mexican writer ironically stated that “while Mexicans descend from the Aztecs, Argentinians descend from ships”, echoing a common phrase that expresses an ingrained mythology, especially in Buenos Aires. Jorge Luis Borges would add to this that “Argentines are foreign-born Europeans”, shielding the myth against the idea that slave ships from Africa would also land in the port of Buenos Aires and that Africans and their descendants would leave their mark on the amalgam of Argentinian national identity. In recent years, however, a social turn seems to emerge calling for a historic and political adjustment in this regard. In this context, this paper proposes to investigate and reflect on the state of contemporary visual artistic practices regarding the presence and (in)visibilization of negritude, embarking in a brief tour of the fading of black representation in Argentinian visual culture. Despite the little evidence of Afro-descendants’ presence both in the overall visual culture and in the aesthetic scenario, negritude is anyway manifested in popular culture, in some audio-visuals and short films or in exhibitions distant from the contemporary art scene, where class perspectives seem to be added to those of race, intrinsic to the art system, through the (in)visibilization of negritude in these latitudes.
Chronic migraine patients show cognitive impairment in an extended neuropsychological assessment
Authors: Ferreira Karen S. , Teixeira Caroliny T. , Cáfaro Carolina , Oliver Gabriela Z. , Carvalho Gabriela L. P. , Carvalho Larissa A. S. D. , Silva Brenda G. , Haes Fernanda B. B. , Ciciarelli Marcelo C.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to assess the presence of cognitive deficits in patients with chronic migraine, and to assess the main factors that trigger cognitive disorders, such as comorbidities or the use of medications. Methods: Chronic migraine and control groups were interviewed in a case-control study. The frequency and intensity of the headache, medication used and associated comorbidities were determined. All patients were submitted to an extended neuropsychological assessment. Results: The chronic migraine group (n = 30) had a worse performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (p = 0.00), Verbal Fluency (p = 0.00), Stroop (p = 0.00), Clock Drawing Test (p = 0.00), Digit Span (p = 0.00) and Matrix Reasoning (p = 0.01). After statistical adjustment by linear regression, migraine continued to be the only relevant factor in the poorer performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Verbal Fluency, Clock Drawing and Stroop tests. Conclusion: Patients with chronic migraine have cognitive deficits in multiple tasks, regardless of the presence of comorbidities or the use of medications.