bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of MYB mediated cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells involves miR-21-wnt signaling axis
Authors: Zhang Xue-yan , Li Yun-feng , Ma He , Gao Yun-he
Published: April 2020

c-MYB has been reported to be elevated in few cancers, including in ovarian cancer. It influences resistance to cisplatin but the details are not very well understood. The objective of this study was to further evaluate role of c-MYB in ovarian cancer’s cisplatin resistance. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer, we focused on the epigenetic regulation by miRNAs. Two cell lines, ES2 and OVCAR3, were used as the model systems. C-MYB expression was either up-regulated or silenced and the resulting effect on cisplatin resistance evaluated, along with the mechanistic role of miR-21, through transfections with pre/anti-miRNAs. An in vivo cisplatin resistance model was also employed to verify findings. High c-MYB correlated with increased miR-21. High c-MYB also resulted in induction of EMT and increased resistance against cisplatin which was attenuated by anti-miR-200s. c-MYB decreased β-catenin phosphorylation and thus activated wnt signaling. Silencing of c-MYB resulted in reduced miR-21 levels, reduced EMT, reduced cisplatin IC-50s and increased β-catenin phosphorylation. In an in vivo mice model of cisplatin resistance, c-MYB overexpressing ES2 xenografts were more aggressive than their control counterparts. These c-MYB overexpressing ES xenografts were significantly more resistant to cisplatin but could be sensitized to cisplatin by anti-miR-21. Our results provide a novel mechanism of cisplatin resistance by c-MYB which involves an essential role of miR-21.
Chemogenetic activation of an infralimbic cortex to basolateral amygdala projection promotes resistance to acute social defeat stress
Authors: Dulka Brooke N. , Bagatelas Elena D. , Bress Kimberly S. , Grizzell J. Alex , Cannon Megan K. , Whitten Conner J. , Cooper Matthew A.
Published: April 2020

Tremendous individual differences exist in stress responsivity and social defeat stress is a key approach for identifying cellular mechanisms of stress susceptibility and resilience. Syrian hamsters show reliable territorial aggression, but after social defeat they exhibit a conditioned defeat (CD) response characterized by increased submission and an absence of aggression in future social interactions. Hamsters that achieve social dominance prior to social defeat exhibit greater defeat-induced neural activity in infralimbic (IL) cortex neurons that project to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and reduced CD response compared to subordinate hamsters. Here, we hypothesize that chemogenetic activation of an IL-to-BLA neural projection during acute social defeat will reduce the CD response in subordinate hamsters and thereby produce dominant-like behavior. We confirmed that clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) itself did not alter the CD response and validated a dual-virus, Cre-dependent, chemogenetic approach by showing that CNO treatment increased c-Fos expression in the IL and decreased it in the BLA. We found that CNO treatment during social defeat reduced the acquisition of CD in subordinate, but not dominant, hamsters. This project extends our understanding of the neural circuits underlying resistance to acute social stress, which is an important step toward delineating circuit-based approaches for the treatment of stress-related psychopathologies.
Cardiovascular and Autonomic Dysfunction in Murine Ligature-Induced Periodontitis
Authors: Ribeiro Aline Barbosa , Santos-Junior Nilton Nascimento , Luiz João Paulo Mesquita , de Oliveira Mauro , Kanashiro Alexandre , Taira Thaise Mayumi , Fukada Sandra Yasuyo , Alves-Filho José Carlos , Fazan Junior Rubens , Salgado Helio Cesar
Published: April 2020

The present study examined the hemodynamics [arterial pressure (AP), AP variability (APV), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV)], cardiac function (echocardiographycally), and myocardial inflammation in Balb/c mice submitted to Periodontitis, through the ligation of the left first molar, or Sham surgical procedure. The first protocol indicated that the AP was similar (136 ± 2 vs. 132 ± 3 mmHg in Sham), while the HR was higher in mice with Periodontitis (475 ± 20 vs. 412 ± 18 bpm in Sham), compared to their Sham counterparts. The APV was higher in mice with Periodontitis when evaluated in the time domain (4.5 ± 0.3 vs. 3.4 ± 0.2 mmHg in Sham), frequency domain (power of the LF band of systolic AP), or through symbolic analysis (patterns 0V + 1V), indicating a sympathetic overactivity. The HRV was similar in the mice with Periodontitis, as compared to their Sham counterparts. In the second protocol, the mice with Periodontitis showed decreased cardiac output (10 ± 0.8 vs. 15 ± 1.4 mL/min in Sham) and ejection fraction (37 ± 3 vs. 47 ± 2% in Sham) associated with increased myocardial cytokines (Interleukin-17, Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-4). This study shows that experimental Periodontitis caused cardiac dysfunction, increased heart cytokines, and sympathetic overactivity, in line with epidemiological studies indicating an increased risk of cardiovascular events in clinical Periodontitis.
Highly variable COI haplotype diversity between three species of invasive pest fruit fly reflects remarkably incongruent demographic histories
Authors: Doorenweerd Camiel , San Jose Michael , Barr Norman , Leblanc Luc , Rubinoff Daniel
Published: April 2020

Distance decay principles predict that species with larger geographic ranges would have greater intraspecific genetic diversity than more restricted species. However, invasive pest species may not follow this prediction, with confounding implications for tracking phenomena including original ranges, invasion pathways and source populations. We sequenced an 815 base-pair section of the COI gene for 441 specimens of Bactrocera correcta, 214 B. zonata and 372 Zeugodacus cucurbitae; three invasive pest fruit fly species with overlapping hostplants. For each species, we explored how many individuals would need to be included in a study to sample the majority of their haplotype diversity. We also tested for phylogeographic signal and used demographic estimators as a proxy for invasion potency. We find contrasting patterns of haplotype diversity amongst the species, where B. zonata has the highest diversity but most haplotypes were represented by singletons; B. correcta has ~7 dominant haplotypes more evenly distributed; Z. cucurbitae has a single dominant haplotype with closely related singletons in a ‘star-shape’ surrounding it. We discuss how these differing patterns relate to their invasion histories. None of the species showed meaningful phylogeographic patterns, possibly due to gene-flow between areas across their distributions, obscuring or eliminating substructure.
Predicted loss and gain of function mutations in ACO1 are associated with erythropoiesis
Authors: Oskarsson Gudjon R. , Oddsson Asmundur , Magnusson Magnus K. , Kristjansson Ragnar P. , Halldorsson Gisli H. , Ferkingstad Egil , Zink Florian , Helgadottir Anna , Ivarsdottir Erna V. , Arnadottir Gudny A. , Jensson Brynjar O. , Katrinardottir Hildigunnur , Sveinbjornsson Gardar , Kristinsdottir Anna M. , Lee Amy L. , Saemundsdottir Jona , Stefansdottir Lilja , Sigurdsson Jon K. , Davidsson Olafur B. , Benonisdottir Stefania , Jonasdottir Aslaug , Jonasdottir Adalbjorg , Jonsson Stefan , Gudmundsson Reynir L. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Tragante Vinicius , Gunnarsson Bjarni , Masson Gisli , Thorleifsson Gudmar , Rafnar Thorunn , Holm Hilma , Olafsson Isleifur , Onundarson Pall T. , Gudbjartsson Daniel F. , Norddahl Gudmundur L. , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Sulem Patrick , Stefansson Kari
Published: April 2020

Hemoglobin is the essential oxygen-carrying molecule in humans and is regulated by cellular iron and oxygen sensing mechanisms. To search for novel variants associated with hemoglobin concentration, we performed genome-wide association studies of hemoglobin concentration using a combined set of 684,122 individuals from Iceland and the UK. Notably, we found seven novel variants, six rare coding and one common, at the ACO1 locus associating with either decreased or increased hemoglobin concentration. Of these variants, the missense Cys506Ser and the stop-gained Lys334Ter mutations are specific to eight and ten generation pedigrees, respectively, and have the two largest effects in the study (EffectCys506Ser = −1.61 SD, CI95 = [−1.98, −1.35]; EffectLys334Ter = 0.63 SD, CI95 = [0.36, 0.91]). We also find Cys506Ser to associate with increased risk of persistent anemia (OR = 17.1, P = 2 × 10−14). The strong bidirectional effects seen in this study implicate ACO1, a known iron sensing molecule, as a major homeostatic regulator of hemoglobin concentration.
Self-assembled natLiCl–CeCl3 directionally solidified eutectics for thermal neutron detection
Authors: Cheng Shuangliang , Hunneke Rachel E. , Tian Mengkun , Lukosi Eric , Zhuravleva Mariya , Melcher Charles L. , Wu Yuntao
Published: April 2020

We developed novel LiCl–CeCl3 eutectic scintillators that are capable of detecting thermal neutrons.
Emerging investigator series: membrane distillation and high salinity: analysis and implications
Authors: Hardikar Mukta , Marquez Itzel , Achilli Andrea
Published: April 2020

In energy efficient membrane distillation, the low transmembrane temperature difference exacerbates salinity's effect on water flux and specific energy consumption.
Quantification of silk protein using phage nanofibers with high binding specificity
Authors: Ma Lu , Yang Tao , Zhai Mengmeng , Yang Mingying , Mao Chuanbin
Published: April 2020

An ultrasensitive detection strategy for silk sericin (SS) is established by using phage nanofibers displaying SS-binding peptides derived from biopanning. SS concentration is determined by counting the plaques developed from the SS-binding phages.
Comparison of surfactant-mediated liquid chromatographic modes with sodium dodecyl sulphate for the analysis of basic drugs
Authors: Pankajkumar-Patel N. , Peris-García E. , Ruiz-Angel M. J. , García-Alvarez-Coque M. C.
Published: April 2020

A comprehensive overview of the performance of MLC, HSLC and MELC for the analysis of basic compounds.
One-dimensional chains based on linear tetranuclear copper(i) units: reversible structural transformation and luminescence change
Authors: Yang Chih-Tung , Yang Xiang-Kai , Hu Ji-Hong , Lee Wei-Te , Chen Tsun-Ren , Wang Chih-Chieh , Chen Jhy-Der
Published: April 2020

Two extended metal chains based on linear tetracopper units are reported, in which the bromide complex undergoes reversible structural transformation and luminescence change.
VUV photoionization dynamics of the C60 buckminsterfullerene: 2D-matrix photoelectron spectroscopy in an astrophysical context
Authors: Hrodmarsson Helgi Rafn , Garcia Gustavo A. , Linnartz Harold , Nahon Laurent
Published: April 2020

We present the photoionization dynamics of the C60 buckminsterfullerene from threshold up to 14.0 eV recorded with VUV synchrotron radiation at the DESIRS beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron. The relevance for astrophysics is discussed.
Decoding the molecular water structure at complex interfaces through surface-specific spectroscopy of the water bending mode
Authors: Seki Takakazu , Yu Chun-Chieh , Yu Xiaoqing , Ohto Tatsuhiko , Sun Shumei , Meister Konrad , Backus Ellen H. G. , Bonn Mischa , Nagata Yuki
Published: April 2020

The water bending mode vibrational spectroscopy provides a new avenue for unveiling the hydrogen bonding structure of interfacial water at complex aqueous interfaces such as solid–water and bio–water interfaces.
Charge transfer in steam purified arc discharge single walled carbon nanotubes filled with lutetium halides
Authors: Santidrián Ana , Kierkowicz Magdalena , Pach Elzbieta , Darvasiová Denisa , Ballesteros Belén , Tobias Gerard , Kalbáč Martin
Published: April 2020

In the present work, the effect of doping on electronic properties in bulk purified and filled arc-discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes samples is studied for the first time by in situ Raman spectroelectrochemical method.
Probing the electronic boundaries between trigonal and tetrahedral coordination at beryllium
Authors: Buchner Magnus R. , Müller Matthias , Spang Nils
Published: April 2020

The influence of the beryllium atom's partial charge on its coordination sphere was investigated experimentally and computationally on NEt3 adducts to BeCl2, BeBr2 and BrI2.
Geochemical and isotope analysis of produced water from the Utica/Point Pleasant Shale, Appalachian Basin
Authors: Tasker T. L. , Warner N. R. , Burgos W. D.
Published: April 2020

Elemental and isotopic ratios can be used to identify environmental contamination form the increasing development of the Utica/Point Pleasant Shale.
SLOCK (sensor for circadian clock): passive sweat-based chronobiology tracker
Authors: Upasham Sayali , Prasad Shalini
Published: April 2020

SLOCK is a sweat based platform for monitoring circadian relevant biomarkers-cortisol and DHEA, using electrochemical detection modality.
Open sessile droplet viscometer with low sample consumption
Authors: Hermann Matthias , Bachus Kyle , Gibson Graham T. T. , Oleschuk Richard D.
Published: April 2020

This paper reports a portable viscometer that requires less than 10 μL of sample for a measurement.
Fluorescent chemo-sensors based on “dually smart” optical micro/nano-waveguides lithographically fabricated with AIE composite resins
Authors: Qian Meng-Dan , Sun Yun-Lu , Hu Zhi-Yong , Fang Xiao-Feng , Zhu Jin-Long , Fan Xudong , Liao Qing , Wu Chang-Feng , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: April 2020

Single/two-photon-lithographically fabricated “smart” active micro/nano-optics are composed of covalently co-crosslinked SU-8/AIEoxe for the on-chip-integratable direct detection of various VOCs in aqueous solution.
High and reversible oxygen uptake in carbon dot solutions generated from polyethylene facilitating reactant-enhanced solar light harvesting
Authors: Mondal Sanjit , Karthik Pitchiah E. , Sahoo Lipipuspa , Chatterjee Kaustav , Sathish M. , Gautam Ujjal K.
Published: April 2020

Carbon quantum dots obtained from polyethylene exhibit large oxygen enrichment properties in solution enabling catalytic photo-oxidation reactions without artificial oxygen enrichment.
Construction of tetrahedral CoO4 vacancies for activating the high oxygen evolution activity of Co3−xO4−δ porous nanosheet arrays
Authors: Ye Shenghua , Zhang Yu , Xiong Wei , Xu Tingting , Liao Peng , Zhang Pingyu , Ren Xiangzhong , He Chuanxin , Zheng Lirong , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zhang Qianling , Liu Jianhong
Published: April 2020

Low-crystalline Co3O4 porous nanosheet arrays (PNAs) with tetrahedral CoO4 vacancies, grown on carbon fiber cloth (CFC) (Co3−xO4−δ PNAs/CFC), were synthesized. This unique structure endows Co3−xO4−δ PNAs/CFC with improved activity for the oxygen evolution reaction.
Synthesis of unsymmetrical benzils via palladium-catalysed α-arylation–oxidation of 2-hydroxyacetophenones with aryl bromides
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Oyama Souta
Published: April 2020

Unsymmetrical benzils are synthesised by a one-pot tandem palladium-catalysed α-arylation and oxidation of 2-hydroxyacetophenones with aryl bromides.
Preparation of aryl polysulfonates via a highly efficient SuFEx click reaction, their controllable degradation and functionalized behavior
Authors: Cao Zhenlei , Zhou Feng , Gu Pei-Yang , Chen Dongyun , He Jinghui , Cappiello John R. , Wu Peng , Xu Qingfeng , Lu Jianmei
Published: April 2020

Polysulfonates obtained from SuFEx click reaction can be degraded using DBU. The degradation process was further utilized to prepare functional polymers.
An efficient variable selection method based on random frog for the multivariate calibration of NIR spectra
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Yang Wude , Feng Meichen , Liu Qifang , Kubar Muhammad Saleem
Published: April 2020

A variable selection method based on random frog, variable filtering and variable interval expansion.
Controlling the electronic and optical properties of HfS2 mono-layers via lanthanide substitutional doping: a DFT+U study
Authors: Obodo K. O. , Gebreyesus G. , Ouma C. N. M. , Obodo J. T. , Ezeonu S. O. , Rai D. P. , Bouhafs B.
Published: April 2020

Density functional theory with the Hubbard U parameter calculations were carried out to investigate the structural, electronic and optical properties of lanthanide dopant atoms in the HfS2 mono-layer..
Effect of Bi-substitution into the A-site of multiferroic La0.8Ca0.2FeO3on structural, electrical and dielectric properties
Authors: Issaoui H. , Benali A. , Bejar M. , Dhahri E. , Costa B. F. O. , Graca M. P. F. , Valente M. A.
Published: April 2020

(La0.8Ca0.2)1−xBixFeO3(x= 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) (LCBFO) multiferroic compounds have been prepared by the sol–gel method and calcined at 800 °C.
Retraction: Tuning the chemistry of graphene oxides by a sonochemical approach: application of adsorption properties
Authors: Sun Yubing , Yang Shubin , Ding Congcong , Jin Zhongxiu , Cheng Wencai
Published: April 2020

Retraction of ‘Tuning the chemistry of graphene oxides by a sonochemical approach: application of adsorption properties’ by Yubing Sun et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 24886–24892, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA02021B.
Structure-mechanics statistical learning unravels the linkage between local rigidity and global flexibility in nucleic acids
Authors: Chen Yi-Tsao , Yang Haw , Chu Jhih-Wei
Published: April 2020

The mechanical properties of nucleic acids underlie biological processes ranging from genome packaging to gene expression. We devise structural mechanics statistical learning method to reveal their molecular origin in terms of chemical interactions.
The assemble, grow and lift-off (AGLO) strategy to construct complex gold nanostructures with pre-designed morphologies
Authors: Luo Xin , Lachance-Brais Christophe , Bantle Amy , Sleiman Hanadi F.
Published: April 2020

The AGLO strategy generates complex gold nanostructures with user-designed morphologies in solution, using only a simple 2D DNA origami sheet as a versatile transient template. The products are robust and stable as standalone gold nanostructures.
Controlled release of entrapped nanoparticles from thermoresponsive hydrogels with tunable network characteristics
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Zhen , Ouyang Jie , Karniadakis George Em
Published: April 2020

Thermoresponsive hydrogels have been studied intensively for creating smart drug carriers and controlled drug delivery.
2D layered perovskite containing functionalised benzothieno-benzothiophene molecules: formation, degradation, optical properties and photoconductivity
Authors: Van Gompel Wouter T. M. , Herckens Roald , Denis Paul-Henry , Mertens Martijn , Gélvez-Rueda María C. , Van Hecke Kristof , Ruttens Bart , D’Haen Jan , Grozema Ferdinand C. , Lutsen Laurence , Vanderzande Dirk
Published: April 2020

Using a solvent vapour annealing method, the crystallinity and photoconductivity of a 2D perovskite containing functionalized benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene cations was enhanced.
Memory characteristics of organic field-effect memory transistors modulated by nano-p–n junctions
Authors: Chou Wei-Yang , Peng Sheng-Kuang , Wu Fu-Chiao , Sheu Hwo-Shuenn , Wang Yu-Fu , Huang Po-Kang , Cheng Horng-Long
Published: April 2020

The enhanced interface properties and memory characteristics are achieved by controlling the growth conditions of different nano-p–n junction structures.
An efficient and stable tin-based perovskite solar cell passivated by aminoguanidine hydrochloride
Authors: Fu Qingxia , Tang Xianglan , Li Dengxue , Huang Lu , Xiao Shuqin , Chen Yiwang , Hu Ting
Published: April 2020

Aminoguanidine hydrochloride passivated Sn-perovskite with a power conversion efficiency of 7.3%.
Sampling Utterances and Grammatical Analysis Revised (SUGAR): Quantitative Values for Language Sample Analysis Measures in 7- to 11-Year-Old Children
Authors: Owens Robert E. , Pavelko Stacey L.
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to document whether mean length of utterance
SUGAR
(MLU
S
), total number of words (TNW), clauses per sentence (CPS), and/or words per sentence (WPS) demonstrated age-related changes in children with typically developing language, aged 7;0–10;11 (years;months).

Method

Participants were 132 typically developing children (aged 7;0–10;11), with a final sample size of 112 participants (57 boys and 55 girls). Fifty utterance conversational language samples were collected using a language sampling protocol. Four language sample analysis metrics (i.e., MLU
S
, TNW, CPS, and WPS) were calculated from the samples.

Results

Results indicated statistically significant age-related increases in three (MLU
S
, TNW, and WPS) of the four metrics.

Conclusions

MLU
S
, TNW, CPS, and WPS may be used with other assessment data to document age-related language changes in children aged 7;0–10;11. When combined with previous data from younger (aged 3;0–7;11) children (Pavelko & Owens, 2017), the data suggest that these metrics offer a set of measures that can be used to assess children's conversational language skills from preschool through late elementary school.
Efficient design methodology for sandwich radome panels: a C‐band design example
Authors: Nazari Farid , Taherkhani Mehdi , Mokhtari Majid , Aliakbarian Hadi , Shekoofa Omid
Published: April 2020

In this study, a multidisciplinary design procedure for sandwich radomes is presented. This methodology is composed of two parallel paths which are related to each other, one for electromagnetic behaviour and the other for its mechanical properties. The electromagnetic performance and mechanical properties are often mutually related resulting in a parameter selection compromise between them. The presented methodology is applied on an A type sandwich panel for C‐band weather applications. It is composed of primary electromagnetic and mechanical designs, dielectric constant measurement, and electromagnetic and mechanical optimisations. Mechanical design of the sample panels according to survival wind loading of 220 km/h is done numerically and experimentally. Pressure distribution on the radome structure caused by the wind load is calculated numerically. The critical buckling load (120 N) is reported according to ASTM C364 edge wised compression standard test. A sample A‐type sandwich panel with the respective thicknesses of 13.2 and 0.6 mm for its core and face sheets, respectively, is fabricated and tested. The dielectric constants of each are measured by using two methods and the results, which are in agreement in both methods, are ∼1.05 and 3.3, respectively. The insertion loss of the fabricated panel is lower than 0.2 dB over the entire desired band.
Candidate fossil groups in the CFHTLS: a probabilistic approach
Authors: Adami C. , Sarron F. , Martinet N. , Durret F.
Published: April 2020

Context. Fossil groups (FGs) have been discovered 25 years ago, and are now defined as galaxy groups with an X-ray luminosity higher than $ 10^{42}\,h_{50}^{-2} $ erg s−1 and a brightest group galaxy brighter than the other group members by at least two magnitudes. However, the scenario of their formation remains controversial.

Aims. We propose here a probabilistic analysis of FGs, extracted from the large catalog of candidate groups and clusters previously detected in the CFHTLS survey based on photometric redshifts to investigate their position in the cosmic web and probe their environment.

Methods. Based on spectroscopic and photometric redshifts, we estimated the probability of galaxies to belong to a galaxy structure, and by imposing the condition that the brightest group galaxy is at least brighter than the others by two magnitudes, we computed the probability for a given galaxy structure to be a FG. We analyzed the mass distribution of these candidate FGs, and estimated their distance to the filaments and nodes of the cosmic web in which they are embedded.

Results. We find that structures with masses lower than 2.4 × 1014 M⊙ have the highest probabilities of being fossil groups (PFG). Overall, structures with PFG ≥ 50% are located close to the cosmic web filaments (87% are located closer than 1 Mpc to their nearest filament). They are preferentially four times more distant from their nearest node than from their nearest filament.

Conclusions. We confirm that FGs have low masses and are rare. They seem to reside closely to cosmic filaments and do not survive in nodes. Being in a poor environment might therefore be the driver of FG formation because the number of nearby galaxies is not sufficient to compensate for the cannibalism of the central group galaxy.
Neutron star matter equation of state including d*-hexaquark degrees of freedom
Authors: Mantziris A. , Pastore A. , Vidaña I. , Watts D. P. , Bashkanov M. , Romero A. M.
Published: April 2020

We present the extension of a previous study where, assuming a simple free bosonic gas supplemented with a relativistic mean-field model to describe the pure nucleonic part of the equation of state, we studied the consequences that the first non-trivial hexaquark d*(2380) could have on the properties of neutron stars. Compared to that exploratory work, we employ a standard non-linear Walecka model including additional terms that describe the interaction of the d*(2380) di-baryon with the other particles of the system through the exchange of σ- and ω-meson fields. Our results show that the presence of the d*(2380) leads to maximum masses compatible with recent observations of ∼2 M⊙ millisecond pulsars if the interaction of the d*(2380) is slightly repulsive or the d*(2380) does not interact at all. An attractive interaction makes the equation of state too soft to be able to support a 2 M⊙ neutron star whereas an extremely repulsive one induces the collapse of the neutron star into a black hole as soon as the d*(2380) appears.
PZT ceramic particles/polyurethane composites formalism for mechanical energy harvesting
Authors: Rjafallah Abdelkader , Hajjaji Abdelowahed , Belhora Fouad , El Ballouti Abdessamad , Touhtouh Samira , Guyomar Daniel , Boughaleb Yahia
Published: April 2020

More recently, the ferroelectric ceramic/polymer composites have been progressively replacing ferroelectric ceramics and polymers as they combine their interesting properties. Such as high compliance of polymers and high electromechanical coupling of ferroelectric ceramics those are required for piezoelectric transducer applications. At the same time, the ferroelectric ceramic/polymer composites formalism for predicting their energy-conversion capabilities is of both academic and industrial interest. The novelty of this paper is that the electrical power harvested by the PZT/PU polarized composite has been expressed in terms of the effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of the composite via a parameter p related to the poling ratio. Besides, the parameter p, that is characterizing the PZT/PU composites with different longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients (d33), was evaluated. The other parameters of the electrical power expression were calculated using the Yamada model for the dielectric, piezoelectric and elastic constants. Finally, a good agreement was found between experience and model.
Coupled statistical and dynamic loss prediction of high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel
Authors: Daniels Bram , Overboom Timo , Lomonova Elena
Published: April 2020

Power transformer design requires to model the loss and hysteresis behavior of the laminated steel core, constructed out of high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel. This work predicts the magnetic loss and hysteresis behavior in the rolling direction of three transformer grade steels, for magnetic flux densities up to and including 1.9 T, and frequencies up to and including 300 Hz. Material characterization parameters for the excess loss, obtained by statistical loss separation for sinusoidal concentric hysteresis loops, are applied in a hysteresis model and govern the dynamic field behavior. The modeled loss is compared and verified with measurement data obtained by an Epstein frame for each steel gauge.
Die Biologie der orthodontischen Zahnbewegung – Status quo der Forschung
Authors: Husari Ayman , Jung Britta A.
Published: April 2020

Die orthodontische Zahnbewegung involviert Zellen des Parodonts und deren Moleküle. Durch die Verbindung von Matrix und Zellen reagieren die Zellen hierbei mit der Expression bestimmter Moleküle, die dann die Umbauprozesse im Ligament und später im Knochen induzieren, sodass die Zahnbewegung ablaufen kann.
Theileria equi-Infektion bei 2 Pferden nach einem Wanderritt in Südfrankreich
Authors: Springer Andrea , Ehrmann Carolin , Lembcke Marion , Roscher Katja , Strube Christina
Published: April 2020

Die equine Piroplasmose, ausgelöst durch die protozoären Erreger Theileria equi oder Babesia caballi, ist weltweit in (sub-)tropischen Regionen einschließlich Südeuropa endemisch. In Deutschland hat sie vor allem als Importparasitose Bedeutung. Da Zeckenarten mit Vektorkompetenz für equine Piroplasmen allerdings auch hierzulande vorkommen, ist eine langfristige Etablierung autochthoner Zyklen nach Einschleppung durch Equiden oder Zecken nicht ausgeschlossen. Im vorliegenden Fall erkrankten 2 Pferde nach einem Wanderrittaufenthalt in Südfrankreich an einer T. equi-Infektion. Während der Behandlung wurde bei einem der Pferde eine saugende Zecke (Rhipicephalus bursa) entdeckt. Auch wenn sich diese Zeckenart unter den derzeitigen Bedingungen in Deutschland nicht etablieren kann, verdeutlicht dieser Fund das Potenzial der Einschleppung infizierter Zecken. Die Therapie der Pferde erfolgte mit Imidocarb (3 mg/kg i. m.; 3 Behandlungen im Abstand von je 3 Tagen). Unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen wurden nicht beobachtet. Um eine Etablierung des Infektionszyklus in Deutschland sowie eine chronische Manifestation der Piroplasmose zu verhindern, sollte trotz möglicher Nebenwirkungen von Imidocarb eine Erregerelimination angestrebt werden.
Childhood Arterial Ischaemic Stroke: Clinical Presentation, Risk Factors and Management
Authors: Gerstl Lucia , Bonfert Michaela V. , Heinen Florian , Olivieri Martin , Schroeder Andreas Sebastian , Tacke Moritz , Kurnik Karin , Bidlingmaier Christoph , Reiter Karl , Borggraefe Ingo
Published: April 2020

Childhood arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS) is a rare, but potentially life-threatening event which requires early diagnosis and adequate treatment. The reported significant time delay to childhood AIS diagnosis may be associated with low awareness, the more nonspecific clinical presentation as well as difficult clinical differentiation to more common “stroke mimics” and a less established “acute care structure” with delayed access to proper neuroimaging. Compared with adult stroke care, experiences with acute reperfusion therapies like thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are promising but limited and not based on clinical trials. The etiological work-up is absolutely essential, as the child's individual risk profile determines acute management, secondary prevention, risk of recurrence and outcome. Follow-up care should be organized in a multidisciplinary setting covering all bio-psycho-social aspects to achieve the best integration of the child into its educational, later professional and social environments.
Aerobes Keimspektrum und Resistenzlage bei Hautläsionen von Reptilien
Authors: Brockmann Maria , Aupperle-Lellbach Heike , Müller Elisabeth , Heusinger Anton , Pees Michael , Marschang Rachel E.
Published: April 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Bakterielle Hautinfektionen kommen bei Reptilien häufig vor. Obwohl viele dieser Infektionen durch multifaktorielle Probleme verursacht werden, ist eine spezifische Behandlung nötig. Ziel der Studie war, das Keimspektrum und die Resistenzlage von aeroben Bakterien in Hautläsionen von Reptilien zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden Tupferproben dermaler Läsionen von 219 Reptilien wurden bakteriologisch untersucht (01/2017–06/2018). Die Identifizierung der Bakterien erfolgte anhand von Selektivnährböden, biochemischen Parametern sowie MALDI-TOF-MS, die Erstellung der Antibiogramme mittels Mikrodilutionsmethode.

Ergebnisse Bei den insgesamt identifizierten 306 Keimisolaten handelte es sich überwiegend um gramnegative Spezies. Pseudomonas spp. (n = 48), Citrobacter spp. (n = 31, nur bei Schildkröten), aerobe Sporenbildner (n = 30), Aeromonas spp. (n = 20), Acinetobacter spp. (n = 20), Proteus spp. (n = 15), Staphylococcus spp. (n = 15), Klebsiella spp. (n = 13), Enterococcus spp. (n = 13) sowie Morganella spp. (n = 11) machten den Hauptteil aus, daneben konnten weitere gramnegative (n = 78) und grampositive (n = 12) Bakterienspezies identifiziert werden. Mischkulturen mit 2 (n = 80) oder mehr (n = 16) Keimen traten bei 96 Tieren auf. Von 208 der 306 Isolate wurden Antibiogramme erstellt. Gegenüber Enro- (E) und Marbofloxacin (M) waren viele Isolate sensibel (minimale Hemmkonzentration [MHK] in µg/ml ≤ Grenzwert), beispielsweise Pseudomonas spp. (E: 86,4 % MHK ≤ 0,5; M: 95,5 % MHK ≤ 1), Citrobacter spp. (E: 86,4 % MHK ≤ 0,5; M: 90,9 % MHK ≤ 1) und Aeromonas spp. (E: 75,0 % MHK ≤ 0,5; M: 100 % MHK ≤ 1). Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol erwies sich als wirksam gegen die meisten Citrobacter- (90,9 % MHK ≤ 2/38) und Aeromonas- (75,0 % MHK ≤ 2/38) Isolate. Amikacin war wirksam gegen fast alle Pseudomonas spp. (97,7 % MHK ≤ 16), Citrobacter spp. (95,5 % MHK ≤ 16) sowie Aeromonas spp. (93,8 % MHK ≤ 16).

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Das Keimspektrum von Reptilienhautläsionen umfasst vor allem gramnegative Bakterien, deren klinische Relevanz für jeden Einzelfall abzuwägen ist. Viele Isolate dieser Studie waren sensibel für Fluorchinolone sowie Aminoglykoside. Da der Einsatz dieser Antibiotika zurückhaltend erfolgen sollte und gegenüber jeder getesteten Antibiotikagruppe auch resistente Isolate identifiziert wurden, wird eine Antibiogrammerstellung empfohlen.
Viruserkrankungen der Reptilien in der tierärztlichen Praxis
Authors: Marschang Rachel E.
Published: April 2020

Viren können bei Reptilien bedeutende Krankheitserreger sein. In den letzten Jahren wurden auch zunehmend neue Viren bei Reptilien beschrieben. Zudem gibt es immer mehr Möglichkeiten, Virusinfektionen bei Reptilien nachzuweisen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel bietet einen Überblick über häufige und bedeutende Virusinfektionen bei Reptilien, die damit assoziierten Krankheiten sowie deren Diagnose. Besprochen werden v. a. Infektionen bei Reptilien, die häufig als Haustiere gehalten werden: Schlangen und Echsen (Squamaten) sowie Land- und Wasserschildkröten. Themen bei den Squamaten sind die insbesondere bei Bartagamen (Pogona vitticeps) extrem häufig vorkommenden Adenoviren, ferner Paramyxo- und Tobaniviren (auch als Nido- oder Serpentoviren bekannt), die insbesondere bei verschiedenen Schlangenspezies schwere Atemwegserkrankungen verursachen können. Weitere Abschnitte beschäftigen sich mit Reptarenaviren, die die Einschlusskörperchenkrankheit („inclusion body disease“, IBD) der Boas und Pythons auslösen, sowie mit den v. a. bei verschiedenen Echsenspezies beschriebenen Iridoviren (inklusive der Rana-, Invertebraten-Irido- und Hemocytiviren). Bei den Schildkröten werden die Herpesviren der Land- und Wasserschildkröten separat diskutiert, ferner die vorkommenden Rana- und Picornaviren. Vertreter aller 3 dieser Virusfamilien können neben Erkrankungen des oberen Respirations- und Verdauungstrakts andere klinische Veränderungen hervorrufen (z. B. schwere Panzererweichung bei juvenilen Landschildkröten durch Picornaviren).
Einfluss von Haltungsfehlern auf den Sauerstoffhaushalt in Standardaquarien
Authors: Mieske Paul , Hetz Stefan K.
Published: April 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Zur Überprüfung der Eignung von Standardaquarien zur dauerhaften Haltung von Zierfischen wurden in einer Gruppe von Standardaquarien mit 54 Litern Inhalt der Sauerstoffverbrauch und -eintrag gemessen.

Material und Methoden Die Einwirkungen simulierter definierter Störungen (Anfängerfehler wie übermäßige Futtergabe, mangelnde Filterreinigung, unterschiedliche Oberflächenbewegung, Bedeckung der Wasseroberfläche mit Pflanzen) auf den Sauerstoffverbrauch im Aquarium wurden im stark mit Fischen besetzten Aquarium und im vereinfachten Modellaquarium quantitativ ermittelt.

Ergebnisse Den größten Sauerstoffverbrauch zeigten neben dem im Versuch nicht quantifizierbaren Verbrauch der Einrichtung (Bodengrund, Wasserpflanzen, Bakterien, reduzierte Substanzen) der Stoffwechsel der Fische, der mit der Futterdosis stark anstieg, sowie in geringem Maße der oxidative Umbau von Stickstoff in Form von Ammonium zu Nitrat. Der Sauerstoffeintrag wurde maßgeblich durch die Bedeckung der Wasseroberfläche und die Wasserbewegung beeinflusst.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die Ergebnisse erlauben erstmals quantitative Voraussagen zur Interaktion von Fischbesatz und Sauerstoffhaushalt in eingerichteten handelsüblichen Standardaquarien. Selbst unter den im Versuch eingestellten Bedingungen (erhöhter Besatz, mangelnde Filterhygiene, übermäßige Futtergabe) erwiesen sich alle Aquarien als geeignet für die dauerhafte Haltung von Zierfischen. Es ist jedoch darauf zu achten, dass die Wasseroberfläche frei von Bedeckung und ständig gut bewegt ist. Bei der Fütterung sollte das Futter eher in mehreren kleinen Portionen als in großen Portionen gegeben werden.
MRT bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen
Authors: Urbach Horst , Egger Karl
Published: April 2020

Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen nehmen in einer älter werdenden Gesellschaft stark zu. Bei klinischem Verdacht lassen sich diese Erkrankungen häufig anhand krankheitsspezifischer Atrophiemuster diagnostizieren. Die Erkennung wird erleichtert, wenn der Datensatz des Patienten mit einer Gruppe „alters- und geschlechtsgematchter“ Kontrollen verglichen und Voxel bzw. Regionen, die sich unterscheiden, hervorgehoben werden.
Anti-Doping-Regeln im Pferdesport und pharmakologische Aspekte der regelkonformen Therapie und Fütterung von Sportpferden
Authors: Hertzsch Robert
Published: April 2020

Tierärztinnen und Tierärzte erfüllen als Therapeuten und als Turniertierärzte besonders wichtige Aufgaben bei der Verhinderung von Doping im Pferdesport. Dies setzt umfangreiche und genaue Kenntnisse der Regularien voraus. Zu beachten sind sowohl staatliche Gesetze und Verordnungen, wie z. B. das Arzneimittel- und Tierschutzgesetz, als auch die für den jeweiligen Wettkampf anzuwendenden privatrechtlichen Verbandsregularien. Auf therapeutischer Seite steht der Tierarzt darüber hinaus insbesondere vor dem Problem, korrekte und angemessene Karenzzeiten für legitim angewendete Arzneimittel festzulegen. Dabei lassen sich für einen Teil der in der Pferdemedizin angewendeten Substanzen die von den Pferdesportverbänden veröffentlichten Werte nutzen. Stehen diese nicht zur Verfügung, können ersatzweise Karenzzeiten mithilfe pharmakokinetischer Heuristiken abgeschätzt werden, deren Anwendung in diesem Artikel erläutert wird. Darüber hinaus können Tierärzte bei der Beratung zur Sportpferdefütterung auf mögliche dopingrelevante Futtermittelkontaminanten hinweisen und so zur Vermeidung von Fällen unbeabsichtigten Dopings beitragen. In Mitteleuropa ist hier die Vermeidung botanischer Kontaminationen von Raufuttermitteln durch alkaloidhaltige Pflanzen wie Schlafmohn oder Stechapfel besonders bedeutsam. Turniertierärzten obliegt die Aufgabe der korrekten Probennahme bei der Durchführung von Anti-Doping-Kontrollen. Hierbei müssen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer Kontamination der Proben beachtet und genaue Abläufe zur Sicherung der Probenidentität und Probenqualität eingehalten werden. Dieses Prozedere wird am Beispiel der Regeln der Deutschen Reiterlichen Vereinigung exemplarisch erläutert.
Natural Phenolic Compounds and Derivatives as Potential Antimalarial Agents
Authors: Mamede Lucia , Ledoux Allison , Jansen Olivia , Frédérich Michel
Published: April 2020

Malaria is a parasitic disease endemic to tropical and subtropical regions responsible for hundreds of millions of clinical cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths yearly. Its agent, the Plasmodium sp., has a highly variable antigenicity, which accounts for the emergence and spread of resistance to all available treatments. In light of this rising problem, scientists have turned to naturally occurring compounds obtained from plants recurrently used in traditional medicine in endemic areas. Ethnopharmacological approaches seem to be helpful in selecting the most interesting plants for the search of new antiplasmodial and antimalarial molecules. However, this search for new antimalarials is complex and time-consuming and ultimately leads to a great number of interesting compounds with a lack of discussion of their characteristics. This review aims to examine the most promising antiplasmodial phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, xanthones, coumarins, lignans, among others) and derivatives isolated over the course of the last 28 y (1990 – 2018) and discuss their structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action, toxicity, new perspectives they could add to the fight against malaria, and finally, the difficulties of transforming these potential compounds into new antimalarials.
Hantzsch-Like Three-Component Synthesis of 9,10-Dihydro-3H-10a-azaphenanthrene-2,4-dicarbonitriles
Authors: Abdelhamid Ismail A. , Saleh Fatma M. , Hassaneen Hamdi M.
Published: April 2020

A novel series of 9,10-dihydro-3H-10a-azaphenanthrene-2,4-dicarbonitrile derivatives that contain a bridgehead nitrogen were prepared by a three-component reaction of aldehydes, 2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)acetonitrile, and 3-aminocrotononitrile in acetic acid.
Lack of Torsion in the Type-III Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS-III) Affected Left Eye During Dix -Hallpike Test
Authors: Vats Ajay Kumar
Published: April 2020

Background Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder (CCDD) of ocular movements, characterized by deficits in horizontal duction associated with narrowing of palpebral fissure, retraction of eye globe on attempted adduction and occasionally accompanied by upshoot or downshoot of the eye globe. It is caused by congenital absence of sixth cranial nerve, which results in fibrotic changes in the extraocular muscles leading to an abnormal ocular motility--a concept known as CCDD. Depending on whether only abduction/adduction or both are affected, DRS has been classified into three types designated as type-I, type-II and type-III. The torsional movements of the affected eye in DRS have not been reported to be deficient hitherto, which could be due to difficulties in the routine bedside evaluation of such movements.

Case Presentation An unusual case of a patient of left unilateral type-III DRS is reported, who presented with a short history of vertigo on getting up from supine to sitting position and on assuming right lateral recumbent position. The diagnostic right Dix-Hallpike test (DHT) revealed upbeating torsional geotropic positioning nystagmus in the normal right eye and upbeating positioning nystagmus without torsional component in the abnormal left eye and this clinical finding was video recorded.

Conclusion The observed lack of incyclotorsion of the left eye, affected with DRS-III during right Dix-Hallpike positioning, is primarily due to the absence of initial slow-phase excyclotorsional component. If the slow phase of VOR does not occur, then the fast-phase VOR, which is a refixation saccade, will be lacking too. An anastomosis, either in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus or within the orbit, between the trochlear nerve and fibers of the oculomotor nerve can lead to simultaneous co-contraction of the inferior and superior oblique muscles. This is the most probable explanation for such finding of asymmetrical absence of torsional component in the left eye affected by DRS-III, during right Dix -Hallpike positioning. Thus, the recording of eye movements (voluntary and involuntary) opened a window into the brain to conceptualize neural and mechanical factors influencing the human eye movements.
Mild Neonatal Acidemia is Associated with Neonatal Morbidity at Term
Authors: Bailey Erin J. , Frolova Antonina I. , López Julia D. , Raghuraman Nandini , Macones George A. , Cahill Alison G.
Published: April 2020

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the association between mild acidemia (umbilical artery [UA] pH: 7.11–7.19) and neonatal morbidity in neonates at term.

Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of women admitted for labor at ≥37 weeks of gestation within a single institution from 2010 to 2015. Universal umbilical cord blood gas assessment was performed and validated. A composite neonatal morbidity index was created including respiratory distress, mechanical ventilation, meconium aspiration syndrome, suspected or confirmed sepsis, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, need for therapeutic hypothermia, seizures and death. The cohort was stratified by UA pH into normal (≥7.20), mild acidemia (7.11–7.19), acidemia (7.00–7.10), and severe acidemia (≤7.00). A subanalysis was also performed where neonates with UA pH between 7.11 and 7.19 were further stratified into two groups (7.11–7.14 and 7.15–7.19) to determine if mildly acidotic infants at the lower end of the pH range were at increased risk of morbidity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between UA pH and neonatal morbidity.

Results Among 6,341 participants, 614 (9.7%) had mild acidemia. These infants were more likely to experience morbidity compared with those with normal UA pH (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.14; [1.68–2.73]). Among neonates with mild acidemia, UA pH 7.11 to 7.14 was associated with increased risk of composite neonatal morbidity (aOR: 3.02; [1.89–4.82]), as well as respiratory distress and suspected or confirmed sepsis when compared with UA pH 7.15 to 7.19.

Conclusion These data demonstrate that term neonates with mild acidemia at birth are at higher odds for short-term morbidity compared with neonates with normal UA pH. Furthermore, among neonates with mild acidemia, those with lower UA pH had worse neonatal outcomes than those with higher UA pH. This suggests that closer evaluation of neonates with UA pH higher than traditionally used could allow for earlier detection of morbidity and possible intervention.

Key Points
Time Interval between First and Last Epileptic Seizures and Electroencephalogram Normalization in Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes: Influencing Factors
Authors: Miziara Carmen Silvia Molleis Galego , Micheletto Maria Laura Jorge , Serrano Virginia Aparecida Gelmeti , Nakanishi Denise Harumi , Serinolli Mário Ivo , de Manreza Maria Luiza Giraldes , Reed Umbertina Conti
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interval between the first and last seizures, the normalization of the electroencephalogram (EEG), and to identify factors of influence. Medical records of children were analyzed with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Variables age at first and last seizure, gender, interval between the first and last seizure, the first seizure and EEG normalization, lateralization of the epileptiform discharges, and last epileptic seizure and EEG normalization. The mean time between the first and last seizure was 3.34 years. Early onset of seizures and unilateral discharges were factors that increased the interval between the first and last seizures (p < 0.001). Interval between the last seizure and EEG normalization was 2.40 years, without influence of age (p = 0.986). Interval was shorter in bilateral discharges (p = 0.035). The antiepileptic medicine did not alter the natural history of disease progression. In younger children, the interval between last seizure and normalization of the EEG is reduced compared to older children.