bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral Ergotamine versus Theophylline as Treatment of Post-dural Puncture Headache (PDPH) in Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Manouchehrian Nahid , Jiriaii Nasrin , Sepehri Pourandokht Ghorbani
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Post Dural Puncture Headache is (PDPH) a relatively common complication of spinal anesthesia. This study aimed to compare the effect of oral administration of ergotamine and theophylline on PDPH in patients undergoing a cesarean section.

Materials and Methods:

This clinical trial was performed on 60 parturients undergoing cesarean section with PDPH. A tablet of theophylline (100 mg) or methyl ergotamine C (1 mg plus 100 mg caffeine) every 8 hours for 24 hours was administered randomly to patients referred to the hospital with PDPH. Using a checklist, demographic information, history of previous PDPH, number of punctures and intensity, location, and onset time of headache were collected. Intensity and duration of PDPH in the first 24 hours after surgery were the primary outcomes and nausea, vomiting, and vertigo were considered secondary outcomes. The intensity of the headache was assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and within the first 24 hours after drug administration.

Results and Discussion:

In both groups, the VAS of headache significantly decreased at 2, 8, and 24 hours after administration of theophylline and ergotamine compared to pre-intervention time (theophylline from 8.6 ± 1.1 to 0.2 ± 0.1 and ergotamine from 8.6 ± 1.5 to 0.4 ± 0.2). However, the intensity of headaches was not different between the two groups at 2, 8, and 24 hours after the intervention. Duration of headache was similar in both groups (15.7 ± 5.9 in the theophylline group versus 17.5 ± 14.2 ergotamine group). In terms of secondary outcomes of nausea, vomiting, and vertigo, both groups were comparable.

Conclusion:

Oral administration of theophylline and ergotamine are similarly effective in reducing PDPH in cesarean sections.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

IRCT20120915010841N14.
Ex situ Conservation Efforts for Plant Diversity Protection with A Focus on Seeds
Authors: Lee Hyejin
Published: September 2023

Plant diversity underpins ecological systems and provides materials that sustain humanity. Yet, plant diversity is being lost at a rate unparalleled in recent history, and the threat largely comes from anthropogenic pressures. As an effort to halt the continuing loss of global plant diversity, ex situ conservation has been gaining momentum. This article reviews the current ex situ conservation approaches with particular attention to botanic gardens, seed banks, cryopreservation, and seed vaults. Botanic gardens and conventional seed banks present their advantages and issues for effective plant conservation with cryopreservation complementing them in useful ways. Seed vaults that store seeds permanently occupy a unique place in plant conservation efforts. Of the two existing vaults, the Svalbard vault appears to have established itself as a global institution for the public good by safeguarding food and agriculture seed. The Korean vault, a relatively newer institution, may need further strategic efforts to build its clear identity and comparative niche, and distinguish itself as a global facility. While sustainably conserving plant diversity is an uphill challenge, increasing participation in ex situ conservation will certainly facilitate coping with the challenge.
Barriers and Facilitators to HIV/AIDS Testing among Latin Immigrant Men who have Sex with Men (MSM): A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Felipe da Cruz Aiala Xavier , Berté Roberta , Oliveira Aranucha de Brito Lima , de Oliveira Layze Braz , Neto João Cruz , Cruz Araújo Agostinho Antônio , de Sousa Anderson Reis , Costa Mendes Isabel Amélia , Fronteira Inês , de Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes
Published: September 2023

Objective:

This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators of HIV/AIDS testing among Latin American immigrant men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE via the US National Library of Medicine's PubMed portal; Web of Science (WoS); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); Scopus; and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS).

Results:

Twelve studies were eligible. Overall, the studies indicated that Latin American immigrant MSM have low HIV testing rates. This low testing rate can be influenced by various factors, including knowledge and awareness about HIV; stigma, discrimination, and confidence in health services; barriers to accessing healthcare; type of partnerships and relationships; lack of knowledge about their rights; migration and documentation status; and personal, cultural, and religious beliefs

Conclusion:

Public health interventions aimed at increasing HIV testing among Latin immigrants should directly address the fundamental reasons for not getting tested. This approach is likely to be more successful by taking into account the specific needs and circumstances of Latin immigrant men who have sex with men.
HIV RNA and HCV RNA Levels, and Mortality: The Japan Cohort Study of HIV Patients Infected through Blood Products
Authors: Kawado Miyuki , Mieno Makiko Naka , Hashimoto Shuji , Amano Kagehiro , Ogane Miwa , Oka Shin-ichi , Okamoto Gaku , Gatanaga Hiroyuki , Higasa Satoshi , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Shirasaka Takuma
Published: September 2023

Background:

Most hemophiliacs living with HIV are co-infected with HCV. In their clinical practice, the long-term effects of anti-HIV and anti-HCV therapies have not been sufficiently investigated.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate changes in HIV RNA and HCV RNA levels and the prognosis in hemophiliacs living with HIV over 24 years in Japan.

Methods:

We used cohort study data of 578 hemophiliacs living with HIV. We analyzed trends in HIV RNA levels between the fiscal years 1997 and 2008 (first follow-up), and trends in HIV RNA and HCV RNA levels between the fiscal years 2009 and 2020 (second follow-up). Mortality rates by HIV RNA and HCV RNA levels were calculated from 11,207 observed person-years and 194 deaths.

Results:

The percentage of HIV RNA levels <400 copies/mL rose in the first period of follow-up, and the percentage of HCV RNA-negative rose in the second period of follow-up. The participants with HIV RNA levels <400 copies/mL had a significantly lower mortality rate than the others, with a ratio of 0.46 in the first period. HCV antibody-positive participants who were HCV RNA-negative had a significantly lower mortality rate than those who were HCV RNA-positive, with a ratio of 0.47 in the second period.

Conclusion:

After the introduction of combination anti-HIV therapy over 24 years in hemophiliacs living with HIV, HIV RNA levels decreased in the first half of this period, resulting in decreased mortality. Additionally, HCV RNA levels decreased in the second half of this study period, resulting in even further decreased mortality.
ANALISA PENGARUH SUHU PERLAKUAN PANAS TERHADAP PROPERTI MEKANIK KOMPOSIT AL-TIC 3% DENGAN METODE COOLING SLOPE SUDUT KEMIRINGAN 45°
Authors: Ariani Farida , Hutabarat Diky Setiawan
Published: September 2023

On the industrial side, the selection of materials for a product produced by a company must be following the function and purpose of the product. There are many types of materials used by various companies in the manufacture of a product, one of which is aluminium. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature variations of 3% Al-TiC Composite Heat Treatment 350°C, 450°C, 550°C on the mechanical properties and microstructure with the cooling slope method. The casting process is carried out using A356 aluminium material and the addition of 3% titanium carbide (TiC). The casting results are poured into a permanent mould through a cooling slope with a pouring angle of 45°. And finally carried out by heat treatment on the test object with temperature variations of 350°C, 450°C, 550°C with oil cooling media SAE 40. The highest hardness was obtained at a heat treatment temperature of 550°C with a value of 64.25 BHN, at a temperature of 450°C with a value of 60.02 BHN, and 350°C with a value of 56.59 BHN. The highest tensile strength was obtained at a heat treatment temperature of 550°C of 219,862 MPa, a temperature of 450°C of 183,273 MPa, and 350°C of 164,328 MPa. The obtained microstructure shows hypo-eutectic silicon dispersed among the aluminium. The microstructure shows that the homogenization of silicon and TiC at a heat treatment temperature of 550°C is very good, as evidenced by the uniformly dispersed density of the alloy filling the aluminium matrix.
ANALISA UNJUK KERJA GENERATOR SET BERBAHAN BAKAR BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH RUMAH MAKAN
Authors: Almuhtadee Muhammad Rizqi , Setiawan Adi , Alchalil Alchalil , Aljufri Aljufri
Published: September 2023

Anaerobic digestion of biomass is a beneficial strategy for energy production as well as waste management system. Through the fermentation process, the sources of biomass such as domestic organic and restaurant wastes can be utilized to generate renewable energy. In this study, the biogas was produced from food waste to generate electricity. The performance of biogas-fueled generator sets was evaluated and compared with gasoline (pertalite) fuel at various electric loads. There are seven different load variations: idle, 100, 300, 500, and 700 Watts. Data was collected and analyzed using the combustion engine gas cycle theory. The biogas-fueled engine test results indicated that the brake power on average was 1.9 kW, or 65.6% of the maximum brake power specified by the engine manufactured. The average torque was 7.02 Nm, or 68.14% of the maximum torque that specified on the name plate. The average brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of biogas was 0.41 kg/kWh, while the BSFC of pertalite fuel was 0.168 kg/kWh. Compared to biogas fuel, the BSFC of pertalite is less with a difference of 0.242 kg/kWh. Overall, biogas produced from restaurant waste is technically feasible to be used as an alternative fuel for electric generator engine.
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE PREPARASI MATERIAL RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING
Authors: Ariyanto Ariyanto , Assagaf Iman Pradana A. , Latief Rifaldy Ramadhan , Maulana Fajar Reski , Gusrifar Gusrifar , Fitrah Muh. Aqdar , Ikhsan Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The manufacturing process in the automotive industry is in dire need of resistance spot welding machines. Because it was easier to use, highly effective, and effective in functioning. However, there were sometimes still connection problems that were still of poor quality, both nuggets and areas that are subject to electrode pressure. To get a quality welding connection, a machine was needed that was able to carry out good material preparation in the form of sanding, able to set the welding current analogously, able to set the time with an automatic timer, able to apply pressure on the electrode measurably during the welding process. The research aimed to design a prototype of resistance spot welding material preparation that could adequately carry out material preparation and welding using a Bluetooth system connected to a mobile phone. The research methods carried out were as follows: first, designing the machine using Autodesk Inventor software, then the device was made with a focus on material preparation prototypes, then the machine elements were made for the material clamping rail, then the machine elements in the control section using Bluetooth connected to the mobile phone, the machine was tested, then the connection quality testing process was carried out on the tensile testing machine. The results showed that the design results had been made using elbows and iron plates with threaded rails with a length of 650 mm, which became material clamping rail grooves with a drive using window motors controlled by Bluetooth on the Arduino circuit. The test results of welded joints show that the roughness is 0.20 μm which has the highest tensile strength.
Earth System Breakdown Does Not Care About Tenure Track
Authors: Bergman Harriet Maria
Published: September 2023

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.
Effects of Real-Time Pressure Map Feedback on Confidence in Pressure Management in Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury: Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Vos-Draper Tamara L , Morrow Melissa M B , Ferguson John E , Mathiowetz Virgil G
Published: September 2023

Background

Wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at a high risk for developing pressure injuries (PIs). Performing weight shifts is a primary method of pressure management for PI prevention; however, individuals with SCI may lack confidence in their abilities to perform adequate pressure relief due to their lack of sensation. Real-time seat interface pressure mapping feedback may provide partial substitution for sensory feedback such that an individual’s confidence is improved.

Objective

We aim to examine how confidence for pressure management by wheelchair users with SCI was impacted by providing access to real-time, on-demand seat interface pressure mapping feedback.

Methods

Adults with SCI (N=23) completed self-efficacy questions addressing confidence around 4 factors related to performing weight shifts in this longitudinal, repeated-measures study. We evaluated the impact of providing standard PI prevention education and access to live pressure map feedback on confidence levels for performing weight shifts.

Results

Access to live pressure map feedback while learning how to perform weight shifts resulted in significantly higher confidence about moving far enough to relieve pressure at high-risk areas. Confidence for adhering to the recommended weight shift frequency and duration was not significantly impacted by in-clinic education or use of pressure map feedback. Confidence that performing weight shifts reduces PI risk increased most following education, with slight additional increase when pressure map feedback was added.

Conclusions

Access to live pressure mapping feedback improves confidence about performing weight shifts that relieve pressure when provided in the clinical setting and demonstrates potential for the same in the home. This preliminary exploration of a smartphone-based pressure mapping intervention highlights the value of access to continuous pressure mapping feedback to improve awareness and confidence for managing pressure.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03987243; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03987243
A Neuro-Influence Experiment to Evaluate the Persuasiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Promotion Messages Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Cui , Reyes Dominick , Henry Marcus , Walker Lonnie , Moran Meghan , Mathews Allison , Page Kathleen , Latkin Carl , Tucker Joseph D , McCulloh Ian
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but behavioral factors limit uptake, especially among men who have sex with men. A better understanding of how humans cognitively process information may inform health message development to promote PrEP uptake.

OBJECTIVE

This paper is informed by the neuroscience of persuasion and influence and describes the protocol of a neuro-influence experiment using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to evaluate the persuasiveness of PrEP promotion messages among men who have sex with men in Baltimore, Maryland.

METHODS

We will conduct a randomized controlled trial using fNIRS to measure brain activation among 60 participants viewing PrEP promotion messages either developed through a crowdsourcing open contest implemented by the study team or developed with a traditional social marketing approach. We will evaluate the effectiveness of PrEP promotion messages by assessing brain activation in the regions associated with persuasion and changes in PrEP willingness, behavioral intention, initiation, and action between the 2 groups.

RESULTS

This study is funded by the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health: R34MH116725). Participant recruitment and data collection were completed in October 2023. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

In addition to providing insight into the effectiveness of PrEP promotion messages, this study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of neuroimaging techniques to evaluate PrEP promotion messages for high-risk men who have sex with men. The findings can also demonstrate the utility of fNIRS as a tool for preproduct testing of health campaigns and enable the public health community to deliver more effective messages to improve health outcomes.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/52546
ЦИПР−2023 ГЛАЗАМИ СВЯЗИСТА
Authors: Попова Л.Н. , Попов С.А.
Published: September 2023

Состоявшаяся в Нижнем Новгороде 31 мая – 2 июня VIII Ежегодная конференция "Цифровая индустрия промышленной России" (ЦИПР-2023) установила очередной рекорд по числу участников. Наряду с главной темой цифровой независимости отечественной промышленности на событии немалое внимание было уделено телекоммуникационной тематике, которой были посвящены сессия "Связь и сеть. Новая карта отечественных телеком-сервисов", заседание Индустриального центра компетенций (ИЦК) "Мобильная связь". В павильоне работала двухдиапазонная сеть LTE, развернутая на ПО и аппаратном обеспечении полностью российской разработки.
ВИРТУАЛЬНАЯ И ДОПОЛНЕННАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ: ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, РЕВОЛЮЦИОНИЗИРУЮЩИЕ МЕТОДЫ РАБОТЫ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Кубасов И.А.
Published: September 2023

В работе рассмотрены преимущества, которые получают предприятия, применяющие технологии виртуальной и дополненной реальности. Предложены подходы и общий алгоритм внедрения технологий виртуальной и дополненной реальности на предприятии, спрогнозированы перспективы развития данных технологий.
Ключевые слова: виртуальная реальность, дополненная реальность,
алгоритм внедрения технологий виртуальной и дополненной реальности
МЕМОРИАЛЬНОМУ МУЗЕЮ А.С.ПОПОВА СПБГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" − 75!
Authors: Золотинкина Л.И.
Published: September 2023

Рассказывается об истории и сегодняшнем дне Мемориального музея А.С.Попова СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" в Санкт-Петербурге, который в июне 2023 года отметил 75-летие с момента основания. Отмечается также деятельность музея по подтверждению приоритета А.С.Попова в изобретении радио
Exploring How AI Answering Models Understand and Respond in Context.
Authors: Malyala Sohith Sai , Guntaka Janardhan Reddy , Chintala Sai Vignesh , Vattikuti Lohith , Tummalapalli SrinivasaRao
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Question answering (QA) is an important capability for artificial intelligence systems to assist humans by providing relevant information. In recent years, large pretrained language models like BERT and GPT have shown promising results on QA tasks. This paper explores how two state-of-the-art models, BERT and GPT-4, understand questions and generate answers in conversational contexts. We first provide an overview of the architectures and pretrained objectives of both models. Then we conduct experiments on two QA datasets to evaluate each model's ability to reason about questions, leverage context and background knowledge, and provide natural and logically consistent responses. Quantitative results reveal the strengths and weaknesses of each model, with BERT demonstrating stronger reasoning abilities but GPT-4 generating more human-like responses. Through qualitative error analysis, we identify cases where each model fails and propose explanations grounded in their underlying architectures and pretraining approaches. This analysis provides insights into the current capabilities and limitations of large pretrained models for open-domain conversational QA. The results suggest directions for improving both types of models, including combining their complementary strengths, increasing reasoning ability, and incorporating more conversational context. This work highlights important considerations in developing AI systems that can intelligently understand and respond to natural language questions.
Teachers' Perspectives on Teacher Self-Efficacy and Principal Leadership Characteristics
Authors: Hayward Carolyn , Ohlson Matthew
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate how elementary teachers rate their level of self-efficacy and to examine the characteristics of school leaders influencing teacher self-efficacy, including when teachers worked from home during the COVID-19 school shutdown. On the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), all 287 participating teachers rated their self-efficacy in the high or moderate range. On the Principal Rating and Ranking Scale (PRRS), teachers reported that Communication, Inspiring Group Purpose, Consideration, and Empowering Staff were the most important characteristics of leaders related to teacher self-efficacy. The teachers interviewed reported that Communication and Flexibility were their principals’ most supportive leadership characteristics during the COVID-19 school shutdown, and that areas for improvement were more Communication, Situational Awareness, and Modelling Instructional Expectations. This work gives district leaders a clearer understanding of practices, strategies, and behaviours they can implement to improve teacher self-efficacy, teacher practice, and student achievement.
METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR REPAIR PRODUCTION SITES OF DOUGH DIVIDERS OF A VACUUM PISTON TYPE
Authors: Kravchenko I. N. , Martynova E. G. , Velichko Y. V. , Yarina S. G.
Published: September 2023

The efficiency of vacuum-piston type dough dividing machines is determined by the suction mechanism of the dividing device, when the parts of which are worn out, vacuum loss occurs due to which the accuracy of the dough weight is violated. The most promising method of restoring worn surfaces of parts of the suction mechanism is electric spark treatment. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a repair site for dough-dividing machines with the restoration of parts by the method of electric spark processing and proposing a methodology for calculating the energy supply system. (Materials and methods) Recommended the route of the technological process for the repair of dough dividing machines, which consists of the following operations: washing, defect, locksmith, mechanical, surfacing and control. The analysis of the process under consideration at the site showed that the health of the worker is affected by a complex of harmful production factors, such as noise, vibrations, dustiness, light exposure, release of chemicals into the air of the working area. Performed in the process of experimental research with the help of modern high-precision instruments measuring the level of indicators of these factors at the repair site of dough dividing machines. (Results and discussion) Measurements in the conditions of the implementation of the technological process allowed us to draw the following conclusions: the noise and vibration level is below the maximum permissible; air pollution is twice as high as the maximum permissible concentration. It was recommended, based on the data obtained, to provide workers with overalls and personal protective equipment. Using the example of supply and exhaust ventilation, we calculated the choice of technical parameters of the electric motor and ventilation ducts. It was noted that the introduction of the proposed energy supply system significantly reduces the level of harmful impurities in the air to optimal and acceptable values and eliminates serious diseases and poisoning of the human body. (Conclusions). The developed method of calculating the energy supply of production sites for the repair of dough-dividing machines allows to identify and eliminate harmful factors of the projected technological process. This technique can be used to determine dangerous and harmful factors in the design of production sites for the repair of other facilities.
WEAR-RESISTANT POWDER MATERIALS FOR PLASMA-POWDER SURFACING
Authors: Ageeva E. V. , Serebrovskiy V. I. , Ageev E. V. , Konchin V. A.
Published: September 2023

Among powder surfacing materials with high hardness and resistance to abrasive wear, powders based on WC-TiC-Co systems, which are the basis of hard alloys, are among the most promising. (Research purpose) The research purpose is investigating wear-resistant powder materials for plasma-powder surfacing by electrodispersing solid alloy waste of the T30K4 brand in kerosene. (Materials and methods) We chose substandard carbide plates of the T30K4 brand as the starting material; lighting kerosene as the working fluid. We solved the tasks set in the work on the study of the composition, structure and properties of the obtained carbide powders using modern equipment and complementary methods of physical materials science. Electrodispersion of solid alloy waste was carried out on the original installation; the shape and morphology of the particle surface were studied on an electron-ion scanning microscope with field emission of electrons QUANTA 600 FEG; particle size composition ‒ on a laser particle size analyzer Analysette 22 NanoTec; X-ray spectral microanalysis of particles was carried out on an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer of EDAX company, integrated into a scanning electron microscope QUANTA 200 3D; phase analysis of particles was performed on an X-ray diffractometer Rigaku Ultima IV. (Results and discussion) A new technology for producing a carbide electroerosive powder suitable for plasma-powder surfacing has been developed and investigated, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the properties of the proposed powder material: the spherical shape of powder particles; the average size of powder particles is 58.4 micrometers; powder particles with a uniform distribution of alloying elements: C, Co, Ti and W; powder particles include phases of carbides WC and TiC. (Conclusions) The conducted studies have shown that it is possible to obtain a wear-resistant powder alloy with a uniform distribution of alloying elements by the method of electroerosive dispersion of solid alloy waste of the T30K4 brand.
Sensitization and Assessment of Knowledge of Ayurveda Panchakarma Therapy Among ASHA Workers in Wardha Taluka
Authors: Chaple Dr. Jagruti , Sawarkar Dr. Punam , S. Rajput Dr. Dhirajsingh
Published: September 2023

A village-level community health worker, an "Accredited Social Health Activist " (ASHA), bridges community and healthcare facilities. The ASHA workers act as catalysts in promoting various foundation programs and encourage people to avail the available benefits. The study aimed to assess knowledge of Panchakarma in ASHA Workers & Sensitization with the Panchakarma module in Wardha taluka. The study's objectives include designing a Panchakarma questionnaire module to assess the knowledge and awareness of ASHA workers of Wardha Taluka and sensitizing ASHA workers about Panchakarma procedures with the help of demonstration videos and lectures on Panchakarma. The work was planned to be conducted at Anji and Waifad villages under Wardha taluka. A questionnaire consisting of 30 questions was prepared to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes regarding Panchakarma. Panchakarma's knowledge, awareness, and attitudes were analyzed using pre-and post-test scores. ASHA will be a facilitator for promoting awareness in the community about Panchakarma. The study concluded that the intervention of the Panchakarma module was highly influential in enhancing knowledge about Panchakarma among ASHA workers. In the future, this Panchakarma module will enable people in the community to accept the Panchakarma therapy in Ayurveda. ASHA will provide more referral services of panchakarma therapy to patients by encouraging them to undergo these therapies. It was the first footstep in developing the module on awareness regarding Panchakarma therapy to enrich the knowledge of ASHA workers as per their needs and implementation of this module by the ASHA in the community.
PREVALENCE AND INVESTIGATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES (CAPILLARIA SPP.) IN DOMESTIC PIGEONS (COLUMBA LIVIA) IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF SIALKOT, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Waqar Mehwish , Aziz Ishrat
Published: September 2023

The current research was conducted to estimate the prevalence of
gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in
Sialkot. Total 130 (63 females and 67 males) of 26 species of domestic
pigeons were examined. Fecal samples from pigeons’ flocks (fresh
droppings) were used for this investigation through qualitative method
(direct microscopy and floatation method). These samples were collected
from 13 villages (Golophala, Bhagwal Awan, Ugoki, Harrar, Kotli Bhutta,
Veerum, Dhatal, Noul, Moman Kalan, Moman Khurd, Adalt Garh, Tibba, and
Marjan) of Sialkot city. 21 (13 females and 8 males, with a prevalence
of 16.15 %) were found positive with capillaria spp. Capillaria spp.
was more prevalent in females (20.63%) than males (11%). High
prevalence rate was observed in Bhagwal Awan village (8 pigeons
infected), (80%) due to unhygienic living conditions. Low prevalence
was observed in Golo phala, Dhatal, Kotli Bhutta, Noul, Veerum, Harrar
amd Moman Khurd. There was no positive pigeon found in Ugoki, Moman
kalan, Adalt garh, Tibba and Marjan. Low and zero prevalence in these
villages were due clean and hygienic environment. This research will be
helpful to pigeons owners in raising awareness to improve pigeons’
health status through controlling of gastrointestinal parasites
especially, capillaria. Further studies are recommended in assessing the
effects of these parasites on pigeons’ health and production and aware
the pigeon’s keepers to take suitable measures against them.
Temporary-Permanent Pacemakers are Associated with Better Clinical and Safety Outcomes Compared to Balloon-Tipped Temporary Pacemakers
Authors: Chedid Maroun , Shroff Gautam , Iqbal Omer , Adabag Selcuk , Karim Rehan
Published: September 2023

Background Balloon Tipped Temporary Pacemakers (BTTP) are the
most used temporary pacemakers; however, they are associated with a risk
of dislodgement and thromboembolism. Recently, Temporary Permanent
Pacemakers (TPPM) have become increasingly used. Evidence of better
outcomes with TPPM compared to BTTP is still scarce. Materials
and methods Retrospective, chart review study evaluating all patients
who underwent temporary pacemaker placement between 2014 and 2022
(N=126) in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) at a level 1
trauma center. Primary outcome of this study is to evaluate the safety
profile of TPPM vs BTTP. Secondary objectives include patient ambulation
and healthcare utilization in patients with temporary pacemakers.
Results Both groups had similar baseline characteristics
distribution including gender, race and age at temporary pacemaker
insertion (p>0.05). Subclavian vein was the most common
site of access for the TPPM cohort (89.0%) vs the femoral vein in the
BTTP group (65.1%). Ambulation was only possible in the TPPM group
(55.6%, p<0.001). Lead dislodgement, venous thromboembolism,
local hematoma, and access site infections were less frequently
encountered in the TPPM group (OR = 0.23 [95% CI (0.10-0.67),
P<0.001]). Within the subgroup of patients with TPPM, 36.6%
of the patients were monitored outside the ICU setting. There was no
significant difference in the pacemaker related adverse events among
patients with TPPM based on their in-hospital setting.
Conclusion TPPM are associated with more favorable safety
profile compared to BTTP. They are also associated with earlier patient
ambulation and reduced healthcare utilization.
DNG-Net: A zero-shot learning method based on Graph Convolutional Network for Specific Emitter Identification
Authors: Liu Bohan , Zhang Bolin , Ge Ruixing , Zhu Yuxuan , Xue Lisha , Bao Yanfei
Published: September 2023

In the actual communication environment, the Specific emitter
identification (SEI) task often encounters Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL)
problems. In the ZSL scenarios, the irrelevant characteristics may
weaken the inter-class aggregation and split features of the same
category into different clusters, which exacerbates the misjudgment. In
this paper, based on the global modeling ability of graph convolutional
network (GCN), we design a Neighbourhood grAph NetwOrk (NANO) to improve
this situation, which consists of feature extraction and a GCN-based
transformation network. To train this network, we define a neighborhood
graph (NG), a weighting strategy, and a novel NG loss. Finally,
experiments on practical collected signals demonstrate that DNG-Net
outperforms discrete value detection methods in SEI tasks.
Biochar and its effects on crop productivity and soil salinity in salt-affected soils: A meta-analysis
Authors: tao jun , Wu Baolin , Li Siyu , Yang Heng , zhang hua
Published: September 2023

Biochar is suggested as a soil amendment to improve salt-affected soil
properties for crop productivity and decrease soil salinity. However,
the heterogeneity among biochar experiments in terms of biochar and soil
properties and experimental conditions makes it difficult to compare and
extrapolate results from different studies. A statistical meta-analysis
was undertaken with the aim of evaluating the impacts of biochar on crop
productivity and soil salinity in salt-affected soils. The results
showed a statistically significant benefit of biochar application to
salt-affected soils on crop productivity. The application rate of 40-50
t/ha (41%), C/N ratio of 40-60 (33%), pyrolysis temperature of 450-550
°C (28%) and pH of 7-8 (30%) of biochar yielded the greatest
(positive) effects on crop productivity and did not cause an increase in
soil salinity in salt-affected soil. With regard to climate analyses,
biochar application had the greatest (positive) effects on crop
productivity and the greatest (negative) effects on soil salinity at
mean annual temperature (MAT) <10 °C (30%), mean annual
precipitation (MAP) <400 mm (33%) and MAT <10 °C
(-9%), MAP< 400 mm (-9%), respectively. This suggests that
the crop productivity increase may be due to an improvement in soil
temperature and water retention and a decrease in soil salinity. The
greater (positive) effects on crop productivity with regard to soil
analyses were seen at pH >8 (24% to 25%), salinity
>5 (32% to 60%), and sulfate-dominated (35%) and
soda-dominated (26%) saline soils. The greater (negative) effects on
soil salinity with regard to soil analyses were seen at salinity
>5 (-9% to 22%), and sulfate-dominated (-35%) and
soda-dominated (16%) saline soils. This suggests that the crop
productivity increase may be due to a decrease in soil pH and salinity
in sulfate-dominated or soda-dominated saline soils. A statistically
significant increase in the productivity of cash crops and rice was
found in salt-affected soils treated with biochar, but soil salinity
also increased. A statistically significant increase in crop
productivity by biochar was seen in the salt-affected soils with the
addition of inorganic fertilizer and no fertilizer compared to the
absence of biochar. This meta-analysis provides the first quantitative
review of the effect of biochar on crop productivity and soil salinity
in salt-affected soil, which is critical for developing engineered
biochar to restore salt-affected soil and promote food security.
Influence of zinc and ethanol on physiological and metabolic changes in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) under different levels of water deficiency stress
Authors: Zakerin Hamid Reza , Sharif Reza Ahmadi , Rad Marefat Mostafavi , Sayfzadeh Saeed , Valadabady Seyed Alireza
Published: September 2023

This experiment carried out as split plot factorial based on randomized
complete block design with three replications in Astara, Iran, during
2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. Irrigation (IR) regimes including IR
after 25 mm (IR ), 50 mm (IR ), 75
mm (IR ) and 100 mm (IR )
evaporation from Class A pan in main plot, ethanol (ET) including 10 (ET
), 20 (TE ) and 30 (ET
) % (v/v) and Zinc (Zn) fertilizer including 0.5 (Zn
), 1 (Zn ) and 1.5 (Zn
) ppm as factorial 3×3 in sub plot, comprised
experimental treatments. The results indicated that drought stress
decreased peanut SY and full irrigation produced the maximum SY.
Nonetheless, the foliar spraying of ET20 and Zn1 under sever drought
stress condition (IR100) showed the highest PV (14.84 µmol g
FW), SOD activity (53.42 Unit mg
min ),
CAT activity (72.87 nmol mg min ), POD activity (64.17
nmol mg min
), SSC (172.04 mg g FW), SPC
(114.16 mg g DW) and AC (11.20 µmol g
FW ). The combined application of ET and Zn with a
disirable doses, improved the most agronomic characteristics,
antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants under drought stress.
Hence, the foliar spraying of ET20 and Zn1 could be recommendable to
enhance peanut SY under similar climatic conditions.
The Peer Deterrent Effect of Whistleblowing on Financial Reporting Aggressiveness
Authors: Zhou Fuzhao , Shen Yinjie , Pitre Terence
Published: September 2023

SYNOPSIS

Extant literature demonstrates that whistleblowing is associated with changes in the whistleblowing target’s financial reporting. This paper provides compelling evidence that whistleblowing also affects peer firms’ financial reporting. Specifically, we find that industry peers reduce their financial reporting aggressiveness following a whistleblowing allegation. This peer deterrent effect is stronger when the peer firm is geographically closer to the whistleblowing target, when the peer and whistleblowing target share a board member, when the peer is predicted to have a high probability of misstatement, and when the whistleblowing target is larger. Our findings are robust to an array of estimation methods, industry peer definitions, examining windows, and a placebo test.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: D22; G30; M41.
The Informativeness of Sentiment Types in Risk Factor Disclosures: Evidence from Firms with Cybersecurity Breaches
Authors: Tsang Ronald C. W. , Baldwin Amelia A. , Hair Joseph F. , Affuso Ermanno , Lahtinen Kyre Dane
Published: September 2023

This study examines the degree to which Loughran and McDonald (LM) word lists are informative at the item level of SEC filings, such as risk factors (RF) and management’s discussion and analysis (MDA) disclosures in 10-X reports. In this context, we explore if sentiment types are informative when associated with other material events, namely cybersecurity breaches. Our results support the assertion that sentiment types, beyond positive and negative, are informative at the individual disclosure item level, as tested in the RF and MDA sections. We also find that investors respond to different types of sentiment between RF and MDA. We find an economically significant estimated average economic impact of $469 million/firm. We further contribute to the literature by applying novel statistical methods that advance empirical accounting literature.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
The Effect of Mandatory Disclosure Dissemination on Information Asymmetry among Investors: Evidence from the Implementation of the EDGAR System
Authors: Gomez Enrique A.
Published: September 2023

I study the effect of the implementation of the SEC’s EDGAR system on information asymmetry among investors. The SEC adopted EDGAR to decrease acquisition costs of mandatory filings. However, disclosure theory suggests that, even when acquisition costs are low, integration costs (i.e., costs necessary to filter and interpret information signals) may be so high that less sophisticated investors are disadvantaged, relative to their sophisticated peers. Consistent with this theory, I find evidence that EDGAR increased information asymmetries among investors. This result is more pronounced for firms with higher integration costs—i.e., those with more complex filings and filings that have higher information content—as well as for firms with lower analyst coverage. Overall, my results suggest that, although EDGAR lowered acquisition costs for all investors, it also benefited some investors at the expense of others.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M21; M41; G00; G12; G18; O33.
Accelerating Wound Closure With Metrnl in Normal and Diabetic Mouse Skin
Authors: Song Lingyu , Chang Xuebing , Hu Laying , Liu Lu , Wang Guifang , Huang Yali , Xu Lifen , Jin Bangming , Song Jianying , Hu Lixin , Zhang Tian , Wang Yuanyuan , Xiao Ying , Zhang Fan , Shi Mingjun , Liu Lingling , Chen Qi , Guo Bing , Zhou Yuxia
Published: September 2023

Impaired wound healing and ulcer complications are major causes of morbidity in patients with diabetes. Impaired wound healing is associated with increased inflammation and poor angiogenesis in diabetes patients. Here, we demonstrate that topical administration of a secreted recombinant protein (Meteorin-like [Metrnl]) accelerates wound epithelialization and angiogenesis in mice. We observed a significant increase in Metrnl expression during physiological wound healing; however, its expression remained low during diabetic wound healing. Functionally, the recombinant protein Metrnl significantly accelerated wound closure in normal and diabetic mice models including db/db, high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ), and STZ mice. Mechanistically, keratinocytes secrete quantities of Metrnl to promote angiogenesis; increase endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation; and enhance macrophage polarization to the M2 type. Meanwhile, M2 macrophages secrete Metrnl to further stimulate angiogenesis. Moreover, the keratinocyte- and macrophage-produced cytokine Metrnl drives postinjury angiogenesis and reepithelialization through activation of AKT phosphorylation (S473) in a KIT receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Kit)–dependent manner. In conclusion, our study suggests that Metrnl has a biological effect in accelerating wound closure through c-Kit–dependent angiogenesis and epithelialization.

Article Highlights
Nephrology consultation improves the clinical outcomes of patients with acute kidney injury
Authors: Rhee Harin , Park Meeyoung , Kim Il Young
Published: September 2023

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevalent in critically ill patients and is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Nephrology consultation may be protective, but this has rarely been evaluated in South Korea. Methods: This multicenter retrospective study was based on the electronic medical records (EMRs) of two third-affiliated hospitals. We extracted the records of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between 2011 and 2020, and retrospectively detected AKI using the modified serum creatinine criteria of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. The AKI diagnosis date was defined as the first day of a significant change in serum creatinine level (≥0.3 mg/dL) within 48 hours. Nephrology consultation status was retrieved from the EMRs. Results: In total, 2,461 AKI patients were included; the median age was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR], 56–75 years), 1,459 (59.3%) were male, and 1,065 (43.3%) were of AKI stage 3. During a median of 5 days (IQR, 3–11 days) of ICU admission, nephrology consultations were provided to 512 patients (20.8%). Patients who received such consultations were older, had more comorbidities, and more commonly required dialysis. In a multivariable model, nephrology consultation reduced the risk of in-hospital mortality by 30% (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.88). Other factors significant for in-hospital mortality were older age, a higher sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, sepsis, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer. Conclusion: For AKI patients in ICUs, nephrology consultation reduced the risk of in-hospital mortality, particularly among those with multiple comorbidities. Therefore, nephrology consultation should not be omitted during ICU care.
El desarrollo de la disciplina del currículo en México
Authors: Martínez Ambrosio Efraín , Pacheco Santos Crisóforo
Published: September 2023

Esta investigación presenta una reflexión sobre el desarrollo del campo curricular en México a partir de la perspectiva histórica de algunos especialistas, los cuales han sido estudiosos desde el origen de la disciplina en el país. Para ello, la metodología empleada fue cualitativa y de tipo descriptivo. Se entrevistó en profundidad a cuatro especialistas curriculares mexicanos, los cuales destacaron a lo largo del desarrollo de la disciplina diversos momentos trascendentes que se pueden corroborar con la teoría. Asimismo, como hallazgo importante, cabe mencionar la identificación en los testimonios de una reconstrucción histórica del campo de manera particular, pues tienen como base su experiencia y muestran etapas de adversidad y crecimiento para el campo. Por último, se identificó en las opiniones de los participantes la importancia de conocer la perspectiva histórica de otros especialistas que vivieron la consolidación del campo curricular en México.
New palaeomagnetic data for Palaeoproterozoic AMCG complexes of the Ukrainian Shield
Authors: Bakhmutov V.G. , Mytrokhyn O.V. , Poliachenko I.B. , Cherkes S.I.
Published: September 2023

A palaeomagnetic study of rocks for two Palaeoproterozoic anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) complexes in the Ukrainian Shield was done to put additional constraints on the interpretation of palaeogeography of Fennoscandia and Volgo-Sarmatia in the Palaeoproterozoic. With this study, 5 sites of Korsun-Novomyrhorod and 3 sites of Korosten AMCG complexes in central and north-western parts of the shield, respectively, were chosen for palaeomagnetic sampling given the geological, modern geochronological and previous palaeomagnetic data. Primary remanent magnetization was isolated on samples of anorthosites, Gabbro, and monzonites within a narrow time interval of U-Pb geochronology dataset of 1.76—1.75 Ga. The palaeomagnetic poles calculated for Korosten and Korsun-Novomyrhorod complexes are almost identical, which indicates that the Volyn and Ingul Domains developed within a single structure of the Ukrainian Shield since at least 1.75 Ga. The new palaeomagnetic pole calculated for all 8 sites (Plat=22.7 °N, Plon=167.4 °E, A95=3.3°) agrees well with previous studies by Elming et al. [2001, 2010]. The selection of the most reliable palaeomagnetic poles for Fennoscandia and Volgo-Sarmatia of this time indicates that the present position of the Ukrainian Shield relative to Fennoscandia is not the same as for about 1.75 Ga, when Fennoscandia occupied a subequatorial position within palaeolatitudes of 5—20 °N, and Volgo-Sarmatia was located close to the equator and rotated relative to Fennoscandia counterclockwise by about 40° compared to its present position.