bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Özbek Türklerine Ait Destanlarda Kadın İmgeleri Üzerine Değerlendirmeler
Authors: Teke Tuğba
Published: May 2020

Destanlar, her milletin kendi geçmişini bulduğu ilk epik verimleridir. Geçmiş ve gelecek kuşak arasında bilgi aktarımından oluşan köprü görevini üstlenen destanlarda sosyal, siyasi, dini ve ekonomik hayata dair bilgilerin olması da elbette muhakkaktır. Toplumların medeniyet tarihindeki yerini belirlemede kadının yerinin ne olduğu konusu ise belirleyici ve önemli bir ölçüttür. Bu bağlamda çalışmada sözlü kültürün zengin ve önemli metinlerinden olan Özbekistan sahası destanları çerçevesinde kadına biçilen farklı roller ve destanî dönemde kadınlara bakış irdelenmiştir. Söz konusu destanlarda kadın kahramanların toplumsal rolleri, karakter ve fiziksel özellikleri irdelenmiş; diğer Türk boylarının destanlarındaki kadın kahramanlar ile ortak ve farklı yönlerini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada halkbilimi araştırma metotları içerisinde yer alan ve antropologlar tarafından geliştirilen işlevsel yöntem esas alınmıştır.
Non-Histone Arginine Methylation by Protein Arginine Methyltransferases
Authors: Al-Hamashi Ayad A. , Diaz Krystal , Huang Rong
Published: May 2020

Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) enzymes play a crucial role in RNA splicing,
DNA damage repair, cell signaling, and differentiation. Arginine methylation is a prominent posttransitional
modification of histones and various non-histone proteins that can either activate or repress
gene expression. The aberrant expression of PRMTs has been linked to multiple abnormalities, notably
cancer. Herein, we review a number of non-histone protein substrates for all nine members of human
PRMTs and how PRMT-mediated non-histone arginine methylation modulates various diseases. Additionally,
we highlight the most recent clinical studies for several PRMT inhibitors.
Pharmacological Effects of Saffron and its Constituents in Ocular Disorders from in vitro Studies to Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sepahi Samaneh , Ghorani-Azam Adel , Hossieni Seyedeh M. , Mohajeri Seyed A. , Khodaverdi Elham
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Some medicinal plants have shown promising therapeutic potential for the
management of the diseases. We aimed to systematically review the literature wherein the therapeutic
effects of saffron have been studied on eye disorders.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google
scholar and other databases using eye disorders and saffron as key terms. No strict inclusion
criteria were defined, and almost all clinical studies, as well as in vivo and in vitro studies were
included. The reported data in each study were extracted and then qualitatively described.

Results:

Finally, 78 articles were found but only 29 relevant articles were included. Nine articles
were clinical trials and 20 articles were studies conducted on cellular and molecular aspects of saffron
on eye disorders. According to the included studies, crocin prevented the pro-inflammatory
response in retinal cells and decreased glucose levels in diabetic mice. Also, crocetin prevented
retinal degeneration and saffron protected photoreceptors from light-induced damage in retinal
cells. Saffron also improved visual function in age-related macular edema and decreased intraocular
pressure in patients with glaucoma. In addition, it was shown that crocin can improve best corrected
visual acuity and decrease central macular thickness in patients with diabetic maculopathy.

Conclusion:

The results of this review indicated that saffron and its main ingredients such as crocin
could be a potential candidate for the treatment of ocular disease especially eye inflammation; however,
further clinical studies are needed to confirm such efficiency.
Pyrazole Carboxylic Acid and Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Applications
Authors: Cetin Adnan
Published: May 2020

The heterocyclic compounds are the building blocks for the synthesis of the different biologically
active compounds in the organic chemistry. Heterocyclic compounds have versatile synthetic
applicability and biological activity. Pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives are significant scaffold
structures in heterocyclic compounds due to biologic activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, inflammatory,
antidepressant, antifungal anti-tubercular and antiviral, etc. The aim of this mini-review
is an overview synthesis of pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives and their biologic applications. The
summarized literature survey presents biological activities of pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives
and their various synthetic methods in detail. This mini-review can be a guide to many scientists in
medicinal chemistry.
Xanthine Scaffold: Available Synthesis Routes to Deliver Diversity by Derivatization
Authors: Petrucci Rita , Feroci Marta , Mattiello Leonardo , Chiarotto Isabella
Published: May 2020

The functionalization of the skeletal systems of heterocycles represents a significant goal
for the development of new compounds. The heterocyclic molecule xanthine (3,7-dihydro-1Hpurine-
2,6-dione) is a purine base with a bicyclic ring skeleton and four different nitrogen atoms,
three of them are -NH groups. The principal derivatives are the well known natural methylxanthines
(e.g., caffeine, theophylline and theobromine) that have prominent physiological effects at a very low
dose. The natural methylated xanthines, theophylline, theobromine and caffeine, are present in different
plants such as the tea, cocoa and coffee species. For this reason natural xanthines can be considered
as bio-based and renewable starting materials; their use in organic synthesis is strongly recommended
in order to carry out sustainable chemistry. Essentially, the xanthine scaffold led to the
preparation of numerous compounds very attractive in the pharmaceutical field, and these drugs are
commercialized for a wide range of biological activities. The scope of this mini-review is to consider
the use of natural xanthines as starting material in chemical transformations carried out in organic
solvents, without the intent to be exhaustive of all the synthetically chemical applications. More information
on the chemical and electrochemical reactivity of this structural core in an organic solvent
can be useful for the scientific community. The effectiveness of natural xanthines can be improved
by modifying the structures of these already biologically active compounds.
Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of 3-(Arylaminomethyl)-5- (Pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazole-(3H)-thi-2-One Derivatives Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv Strain
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Imran Mohd
Published: May 2020

Background:

Oxadiazole derivatives are the biologically active hetrocyclic
compounds. So we synthesized a series of Mannich bases, 3-(arylaminomethyl)-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-
1,3,4-oxadiazole-(3H)-thi-2-one derivatives (3a-3g) were synthesized from Isoniazid [INH (1)],
a first line antimycobacterial drug and these compounds were evaluated as antimycobacterial
agents.

Methods:

The INH was reacted with potassium hydroxide and carbon disulfide to give 5-(pyridin-
4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione (2), followed by reacting compound 2 with appropriate aromatic
amines in the presence of formaldehyde to obtain desired compounds (3a-3g). The structures
of these compounds have been established by IR, 1H-NMR, Mass spectral and elemental analysis.
These synthesized compounds (3a-3g) were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activity against
M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain.

Results:

All the synthesized compounds (3a-3g) were exhibited antimycobacterial activity and
compared to reference drugs Streptomycin (MIC value of 6.25μg/mL), INH (MIC value of
3.125μg/mL) and pyrizinamide (MIC value of 3.125μg/mL). Compounds 3c and 3e were
exhibited most promising antimycobacterial activity.

Conclusion:

All the title compounds were synthesized, characterized and exhibited promising
antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
Synthesis and Stability of Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) Photocatalysts for the Removal of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) from Wastewater
Authors: Mukhtar Ahmad , Ullah Sami , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. , Assiri Mohammed A. , Saqib Sidra , Amen Rabia , Babar Muhammad , Bustam Mohamad A. , Ahmad Tausif
Published: May 2020

Background:

The removal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from the contaminated
water by employing photocatalytic adsorption is considered as one of the most emerging technologies
due to its’ cost- and energy-effectiveness. It has attracted significant attention of global researchers
to process the world’s wastewater.

Methods:

Among different adsorbents, the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated
remarkable potential and a bright future perspective in the photocatalytic-based adsorptive removal
of POPs from wastewater. This review deals with the introduction of MOFs and contaminations in
wastewater, followed by the synthesis method for MOFs and their properties. The review is extended
to the review of mechanisms for the photocatalytic adsorption along with the recent progress in removal
of persistent toxic substances, pesticides, herbicides, phenols, and antibiotics. Furthermore,
the future challenges in this promising area are also discussed.

Results:

Much research work has been done in the area of photocatalytic adsorptive removal of the
POPs using the MOFs due to their significant structural and texture properties. Substantial research
efforts have been carried out to functionalize the MOFs in order to improve their adsorption potential.
Overall, this review demonstrated that the MOFs could be applied successfully for the photocatalytic
adsorptive removal of the POPs from contaminated water.

Conclusion:

Despite the bright future perspective of the MOFs, there are some issues that need to be
accounted for: The development of MOFs with redox-active metals and/or organic functionalized
ligands, MOFs application for the photocatalytic adsorptive removal of the gaseous contaminants, indepth
understanding of the mechanism of the photocatalytic adsorptive removal of the POPs, and the
application of the MOFs for photocatalytic adsorptive removal of the POPs in real environmental
conditions. The fast development of the MOFs in the recent era indicates a bright future perspective
in spite of the challenges in this area.
In Silico Model for Predicting CYP2D6-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions
Authors: Lozano Roberto , Frutos Alberto , Martinez Alejandro
Published: May 2020

Background:

Successful integration of in vitro into in vivo data on Drug-Drug Interaction
(DDI) is dependent on the inhibitory concentration used. Obtaining plasma concentration of a
drug is only readily available for a small number of drugs in clinical practice. We propose the use of
a therapeutic range as a substitute for inhibitory concentration.

Objective:

Because of this, we aimed to construct a linear-regression model based on the areaunder-
curve of the victim drugs and the therapeutic range for a set of known inhibitors of the
CYP2D6 of interest.

Methods:

Correlation analysis of linear log-log regression of two main variables: The Area-Under-
Curve ratio (AUCr) of the victim drugs and the therapeutic range-to-inhibition constant ratio, with
data obtained from literature.

Results:

Data were fitted to linear log-log regression, between the average of AUCr values and
mean value of therapeutic range-to-inhibition constant ratio (TRm-to-Ki), of the inhibitory drugs.

Conclusions:

According to our results, knowledge of the inhibition constant and therapeutic range
(or its plasma levels if disponible) of the inhibitor would be sufficient to determine the intensity and
clinical relevance of a CYP2D6-mediated DDI.
Microorganisms as Nano-factories for the Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Kumar Vijay , Sharma Neha , Lakkaboyana Sivarama Krishna , Maitra Subhrangsu Sunder
Published: May 2020

Nanoparticles applications have revolutionized different areas of the research. These include
medicine, surgery, drug delivery, wastewater treatment, agriculture, cancer therapy, etc. The use of nanoparticles
is increasing day by day due to their promising characteristics. With the excessive use of
the nanoparticles, their accumulation in the organisms and different environments have been reported.
A very high increase in the accumulation and toxicity of nanoparticles has been reported in the last
decade. Therefore, the nanoparticle research has now been shifted to find new techniques and methods
to minimize the toxic effects of nanoparticles. In this context, the requirement of a safe design approach
and the generation of fewer toxic nanoparticles are required. One of the eco-friendly approaches
for safer nanoparticles synthesis is the use of living organisms for nanoparticles production. Microbes
especially, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, are considered safe, secure, and efficient systems for nanoparticle
biosynthesis. This review is an attempt to understand the potential of microbes for the biosynthesis
of nanoparticles.
Сверхпроводимость, инициированная электрическим полем в высокотемпературном сверхпроводнике при T>T-=SUB=-c-=/SUB=-
Authors: Кожушнер М.А. , Посвянский В.С. , Лидский Б.В. , Боднева В.Л. , Трахтенберг Л.И.
Published: May 2020

Abstract The theory of occurrence of superconductivity in the plate of high-temperature superconductor under electric field vertical to it, when the carrier concentration lies outside of the region of existence of superconductivity at the temperature T < $$T_{{\text{c}}}^{{\max }}$$ , was developed. The calculation was carried out for the layer of lanthanum strontium cuprate under the fields of 10^–1 V/nm ≥ E ≥ 10^–2 V/nm at various temperatures and hole concentrations. It was demonstrated that the quasi-two-dimensional superconducting layer of several Angstrom in thickness occurs near surface of the plate, moreover thickness of this layer does not depend on magnitude of the field, and depends only on temperature and on hole concentration.
Спин-переориентационный переход в микропроводах alpha-Fe с аморфной оболочкой PrDyCoFeB
Authors: Коплак O.В. , Дворецкая Е.В. , Королев Д.В. , Валеев Р.А. , Пискорский В.П. , Денисова А.С. , Моргунов Р.Б.
Published: May 2020

A spin-reorientation transition accompanied by a decrease in the longitudinal magnetization of α-Fe/PrDyCoFeB microwires was observed at 245 K in zero magnetic field. An increase of the magnetic field at which the microwire is heated from 2 K leads to a significant shift of the transition temperature from 245K at 0 T to 70 K at 1 T. In the perpendicular direction, the change in magnetization at the critical transition temperature is almost absent. Jumps of the magnetic anisotropy and magnetic susceptibility are observed in low fields at a critical temperature. The magnetic phase transition is due to a transition between the ferrimagnetic state of the PrDyCoFeB shell at high temperatures and the state of Ising spin glass at low temperatures.
Поверхностные волны на границе среды с переключением показателя преломления и кристалла с фоторефрактивной нелинейностью диффузионого типа
Authors: Савотченко С.Е.
Published: May 2020

A model is formulated, in which the patterns of the formation of nonlinear surface waves with a specific field structure are described. It is shown that there are two new types of waves of selected polarization that propagate along the contact of a photorefractive crystal with diffusion nonlinearity and a nonlinear optical medium with switching. Nonlinearity in such a medium is modeled by a stepwise change in the refractive index depending on the field amplitude. The field structure in the obtained surface waves consists of three components in different areas of the contacting media. As a result of the propagation of a localized light beam along the boundary in the border region, a zone of finite width is formed, characterized by a refractive index that differs from the rest of the medium. In the region behind such a domain, the field decreases exponentially with distance from the border region. The field can decrease with or without oscillations In a photorefractive crystal. The dependence of the propagation constant on the optical characteristics of the media and control parameters is obtained in an explicit analytical form.
Влияние толщины субмикронных пленок электроактивных полимеров на токи термостимулированной деполяризации
Authors: Карамов Д.Д. , Ильясов В.Х. , Лачинов А.Н. , Галиев А.Ф. , Лачинов А.А.
Published: May 2020

Abstract The results of studying the thermally stimulated depolarization currents in thin films of polydiphenylenephthalide (PDP) with a thickness of 20 nm to 1.4 μm under a constant stress in a structure with an insulating dielectric layer are presented. Nonmonotonic behavior of the dependence of the activation energy of charge carrier trapping sites and the relaxation of the space charge on the thickness of PDP polymer films is found. A correlation between the change in the supramolecular structure of the films and the above parameters is established. The obtained results are interpreted using the theory of thermally stimulated discharge in short-circuit heterogeneous structures.
Механизм электролюминесценции в светоизлучающих полевых транзисторах на основе пленок нанокристаллов перовскита в матрице полупроводникового полимера
Authors: Чикалова-Лузина О.П. , Вяткин В.М. , Щербаков И.П. , Алешин А.Н.
Published: May 2020

The mechanisms of radiative recombination and electroluminescence (EL) in structures based on CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal (NC) films in the matrix of semiconductor polymer MEH-PPV are considered. It has been shown that two mechanisms determine the EL intensity in light emitting field effect transistors (LE-FETs) with active layers based on MEH-PPV: CsPbBr3 (NC) films: recombination of charged carriers injected into the polymer matrix and recombination at the polymer / NC perovskite interface. The results of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the superlinear dependence of the EL intensity on the level of electrical excitation in LE-FETs based on MEH-PPV: CsPbBr3 (NC) is due to the mechanism of electron tunneling through the potential barrier at the electrode.
USE OF SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN IN DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM CONTAINING ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM
Authors: OZA NISHANT , SAGAR SWATI , KHODAKIYA AKRUTI
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of the present work was to enhance the solubility of rosuvastatin calcium by self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) using mixtures of oil, cosolvent, surfactant and cosurfactant.

Methods: Based on solubility study and emulsification efficiency, Preliminary investigations of various oils, surfactants and cosurfactants were carried out for the selection of the proper SNEDDS ingredients. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the efficient self-emulsification region. A series of SNEDDS formulations were prepared using labrasol: cremophor EL with a combination of peceol: ethyl oleate by using the simplex lattice design. Prepared formulation evaluated for refractive index, turbidimetric, droplet size, zeta potential and polydispersity index, self-emulsification, stability tests, viscosity and in vitro diffusion studies.

Results: The best formula for SNEDDS in the current study were:  15% oil (peceol: ethyloleatein 1:1 ratio), 50% Labrasol and 35% Cremophor EL. All the SNEDDS batches globule size was found to be varied from 22.90±1.50 nm to 43.90±1.40 nm. and no significant variations in globule size were observed after 3 mo stability studies. All the batches % transparency was found to be varied from 95.40±1.40% to 99.50±1.10% and drug diffused in 10 min varied from 63.65±1.51% to 93.72±1.46 %.

Conclusion: The data suggest the use of rosuvastatin calcium SNEDDS to offer the potential for delivery and it increases the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of the drug.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE METHOTREXATE LOADED CUBOSOMES FOR TOPICAL DELIVERY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: KAPOOR KARISHMA , PANDIT VINAY , NAGAICH UPENDRA
Published: May 2020

Objective: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are essential part of the administration of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methotrexate (MTX) is effective for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) biologic agents, indicated only in minority of patients suffering from severe RA. MTX remains the "anchor drug" in the treatment of RA. For delivery improvement, novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system i.e. MTX-Cubosomes were developed.

Methods: Poloxamer 407 and Glycerol monooleate (Monoelin, MO) used and the formulation were characterized as a sustained release drug delivery system for Methotrexate. Different ratios of Monolein, Poloxamer 407 and water were used to develop the different cubosomes using homogenization and emulsification method. Characterization of formulations for morphology was performed and also particle size distribution by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

Results: Formulation showed the internal cubic structures of the vesicles. The particle size of the formulations was found to be ranging from 53.21 to 185.32 nm, zeta potential of the formulations varied from-18.20-36.10 mV. The cubosomal formulation exhibited good entrapment efficiency along with high drug loading. Compatibility with the excipients was also established. An in vitro release study was done using Franz Diffusion cell indicated sustained release of the formulation at a rate of 1.25 %/h. Cubosomes proved to be reliable system for sustained transdermal drug delivery system.

Conclusion: Methotrexate cubosomes is a novel medication delivery framework and in this examination it has been developed and characterized. The formulations were found to be promising in terms of its characterization parameters like particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, release kinetics, and stability, suitable for topical delivery.
DISSOLUTION PROFILE OF AMBROXOL HCl TABLET WITH ADDITIONAL VARIATIONS OF LUDIPRESS® AND LACTOSE USING THE DIRECT PRESS METHOD
Authors: MUSTARICHIE RESMI , GOZALI DOLIH , PRIAMBODO DRADJAD
Published: May 2020

Objective: The drug will provide a therapeutic effect when dissolved so that it is easily absorbed. The process of dissolving drugs is called dissolution. Additional substances contained in pharmaceutical preparations, one of which serves to accelerate the solubility of active substances. The aim of this study was to obtain a comparative composition of Ludipress® and lactose additives suitable for producing ambroxol HCl tablets that met the ambroxol acceleration ambroxol in the body.

Methods: Ambroxol HCl tablets were made by direct pressing method. For research purposes, 4 formulas with variations of Ludipress® and Lactose were designed. The tablet was then evaluated, which includes uniformity in weight, diameter, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution. Data obtained in the analysis using the perfect random block design method (DBAS) with α = 0.05 where blocks and groups were used.

Results: From the results of the Mass Printing Evaluation of Tablets, it was found that the four formulas that were designed met the resting angle, flow rate, real density, compressed density, and compressibility met existing requirements. The results of evaluation tablets, which included uniformity of weight, uniformity of size, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution test, were found that only F1 formula did not meet uniformity requirements. All four formulas meet the Indonesian pharmacopeia requirements for time of violence, fragility and disintegration. The dissolution test results showed that in the 45-minute test each percent dissolved concentration of the active substance for F1, F2, F3, and F4 was 58.77974, 66.91104, 80.09946, and 64.02293 suggesting only the F3 formula fulfilled the dissolution requirements according to European Pharmacopoeia which stated that the concentration of dissolved active tablets should not be less than 75% during the 45-minute test.

Conclusion: The formula that met the solubility requirements consisted of an additional 69% Ludipress® and 10% lactose with a solubility value of 80.09%.
DEVELOPMENT OF SELF NANO-EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR AN ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE AGENT FELODIPINE: A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR LIPID NANO-FORMULATION WITH IMPROVED ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY IN RATS
Authors: SASTRI K. TRIDEVA , RADHA G. V.
Published: May 2020

Objective: The present study involves the development of SNEDDS employing essential oils for enhancing biopharmaceutical performance.

Methods: Preliminary investigations suggested the selection of cinnamon oil as an essential oil, tween 60 as a surfactant, while transcutol HP as a cosolvent for formulating SNEDDS. Formulations evaluated for stability, robustness to dilution, and emulsification time, droplet size, zeta potential (ζ), cloud point, in vitro drug release, drug excipient compatibility, TEM, stability assessment and in vivo pharmacokinetic performance in rats.

Results: All formulations were robust, stable, and revealed excellent emulsification time<40 s, with fine droplet size (11.41±2.41 nm), lower PDI (0.028-0.277). Formulation F(FLD)6 exhibited a release of 97.7% within 4h, and TEM photograph confirmed spherical droplets. The bioavailability results revealed a higher rate and extent of absorption, AUC, and Cmax for the formulations found to be 1212.4 and 355.40±13.67 (p<0.05). The results recommend that the developed formulation approach offers bioavailability enhancement of FLD.

Conclusion: The study concluded that SNEDDS would be an effective formulation system in increasing the aqueous solubility and potentially bioavailability. Furthermore, it can be applied for other therapeutic categories of drugs belonging to BCS class II and IV that show comparable biopharmaceutical challenges.
Features of strengthening metal structures with composite materials under the influence of an aggressive environment
Authors: Leonova Anna N. , Sofyanikov Oleg D. , Skripkina Irina A.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. This article is devoted to the issues of reinforcing metal building structures with external reinforcement systems with composite materials. The application of these strengthening methods in domestic literature and in practice has not been fully studied. As a result, it is relevant to study the characteristics of strengthening under the action of an external aggressive environment, namely when exposed to galvanic corrosion, elevated ambient temperatures and extreme temperatures from firing. The purpose of the study is to establish the effectiveness of reinforcing metal structures with composite materials under the influence of various force factors, including cyclic loads, and under the action of an external aggressive environment.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of scientific research was the analysis of publications of domestic and foreign scientists on the theoretical and practical experience of using composite materials to strengthen metal structures. During the study, when describing the dependences of physical quantities on external and internal force and non-force factors, scientific methods of induction, deduction, generalization and comparison were used.

Results. Performed a comprehensive study of the effectiveness of the use of composite materials to enhance the metal structures in hostile environments. The dependence of the increase in strength of reinforced steel samples on the length of the adhesive joint of external reinforcement is analyzed, the possibility of applying reinforcement at fatigue stresses is investigated. Recommendations on the use of protective insulating systems and materials that prevent the reduction of the bearing capacity of structures from external non-force factors are given.

Conclusions. The effectiveness of reinforcing metal structures using composite carbon fiber materials is revealed. The bearing capacity of reinforced structures may be increased by 59 %. When the glass transition temperature of carbon fiber materials is reached, the increase in the bearing capacity from external amplification systems decreases by 50 %, and when the temperature is increased to 60 °C, the external amplification systems are ineffective and do not increase the bearing capacity. To achieve the required fire resistance of the amplification systems, equal to at least one hour, it is necessary to use external fire insulation.
The calculation of the thermal mode of a room with automatic regulation of climate systems
Authors: Samarin Oleg D.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The ongoing research of the indoor temperature, regulated by automatically operating climate systems, remains relevant if focused on identification of dependencies which are sufficiently accurate with regard for the majority of essential factors and represented in the engineering format. The mission of the research is to identify a dependency between indoor temperature and time in case of irregular heat supply in the context of prorated heat flow regulation by indoor climate systems. The exponential nature of this dependency serves as the research hypothesis.

Materials and methods. The author has employed and analyzed the principal equations connecting the most important constituents of a heat flow in a room that has automated climate systems in the context of discontinuous changes. The author has employed a computational model of a non-steady temperature environment of a ventilated room. The proposed model is based on the solution of a system of differential equations describing heat conductivity and transfer on indoor surfaces. The author has composed and analytically solved the general differential equation describing the indoor thermal balance with regard for the climate system’s feedback.

Results. The author has developed an analytical expression describing the indoor space heating rate in case of prorated temperature regulation by the climate system and irregular heat supply. The analytical expression represents an exponential function of the square root of the time span starting from the moment of a heat supply spike. The author used a residential house in Moscow to analyze the nature of indoor temperature fluctuations with and without heat regulation.

Conclusions. The author has proven that an indoor temperature rate is mainly driven by the relation between the transmission coefficient of a climate system and the thermal inertia of “massive” building envelopes in case of irregular thermal exposure. The author makes the point that a simplified analytical solution is proven true by the results of the analysis performed with the help of a numerical model. It’s been identified that the ultimate value of an indoor temperature increment is determined as the relation between the heat gain value and the parameter which is proportionate to the transfer coefficient.
Low-Dose Interleukin-2 Combined With Rapamycin Led to an Expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells and Prolonged Human Islet Allograft Survival in Humanized Mice
Authors: Hu Min , Hawthorne Wayne J. , Nicholson Leigh , Burns Heather , Qian Yi Wen , Liuwantara David , Jimenez Vera Elvira , Chew Yi Vee , Williams Lindy , Yi Shounan , Keung Karen , Watson Debbie , Rogers Natasha , Alexander Stephen I. , O’Connell Philip J.
Published: May 2020

Islet transplantation is an emerging therapy for type 1 diabetes and hypoglycemic unawareness. However, a key challenge for islet transplantation is cellular rejection and the requirement for long-term immunosuppression. In this study, we established a diabetic humanized NOD-scidIL2Rγnull (NSG) mouse model of T-cell–mediated human islet allograft rejection and developed a therapeutic regimen of low-dose recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) combined with low-dose rapamycin to prolong graft survival. NSG mice that had received renal subcapsular human islet allografts and were transfused with 1 × 107 of human spleen mononuclear cells reconstituted human CD45+ cells that were predominantly CD3+ T cells and rejected their grafts with a median survival time of 27 days. IL-2 alone (0.3 × 106 IU/m2 or 1 × 106 IU/m2) or rapamycin alone (0.5–1 mg/kg) for 3 weeks did not prolong survival. However, the combination of rapamycin with IL-2 for 3 weeks significantly prolonged human islet allograft survival. Graft survival was associated with expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and enhanced transforming growth factor-β production by CD4+ T cells. CD8+ T cells showed reduced interferon-γ production and reduced expression of perforin-1. The combination of IL-2 and rapamycin has the potential to inhibit human islet allograft rejection by expanding CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs in vivo and suppressing effector cell function and could be the basis of effective tolerance-based regimens.
Low Dose IL-2 Combined with Rapamycin Led to an Expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs and Prolonged Human Islet-allograft Survival in Humanized Mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Hu Min , Hawthorne Wayne J , Nicholson Leigh , Burns Heather , Qian Yi Wen , Liuwantara David , Vera Elvira Jimenez , Chew Yi Vee , Williams Lindy , Yi Shounan , Keung Karen , Watson Debbie , Rogers Natasha , Alexander Stephen I , O’Connell Philip J
Published: May 2020

Islet
transplantation is an emerging therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and
hypoglycaemic unawareness. However, a key challenge for islet transplantation
is cellular rejection and the requirement for long-term immunosuppression. In
this study we established a diabetic-humanizedNOD-scidIL2Rnull(NSG) mouse
model of T cell mediated human islet-allograft rejection and developed a
therapeutic regimen of low-dose recombinant human interleukin2(IL-2) combined
with low-dose rapamycin to prolong graft survival. NSG-mice that had received
renal-subcapsular human islet-allografts and were transfused with 1×107 of
human-spleen-mononuclear-cells (hSPMCs), reconstituted human CD45+ cells that
were predominantly CD3+ T cells and rejected their grafts with a median
survival time of 27 days. IL-2 alone
(0.3×106 IU/m2 or 1×106 IU/m2), or rapamycin alone (0.5-1mg/kg) for 3 weeks did
not prolong survival. However, the combination of rapamycin with IL-2 for 3
weeks significantly prolonged human islet-allograft survival. Graft survival
was associated with expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs and enhanced TGF-β
production by CD4+ T cells. CD8+ T cells showed reduced IFN-γ production and
reduced expression of perforin-1. The combination of IL-2 and rapamycin has the
potential to inhibit human islet-allograft rejection by expanding CD4+FOXP3+
Tregs in vivo and supressing effector cell function, and could be the basis of
effective tolerance-based regimens.
Pengaruh Tingkat Inflasi, Tingkat Suku Bunga Bi, Dan Nilai Tukar Usd-Idr Terhadap Perubahan Harga Saham Sektor Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Indonesia
Authors: Stefanus Adi Cahya , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study is to find out how macroeconomic factors such as exchange rate, BI rate and inflation rate can affect the manufacturing  sector stock price index in IDX from 2011 until 2018. Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) is used as the analysis method in this research to find the fittest model. The result, only exchange rate that no significant effect to manufacturing sector stock, price index, Inflation and BI rate have significant effect to manufacturing sector stock price index.
Peranan Leverage dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Sustainable Growth: Studi pada Sektor Manufaktur di BEI
Authors: Chandradinangga Arinta , Rita Maria Rio
Published: May 2020

The study of sustainability has attracted the interest of some researchers lately, both at the level of small businesses and corporate. Sustainable growth is one measure of good company performance because it combines operating and financial policies. Companies that have high debts are not always bad, but they need supervision and planning so as to produce optimal decisions for the company. This study aims to analyse the effect of leverage and profitability on sustainable growth in manufacturing sector companies in 2015-2017 which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The purposive sampling approach was used in the selection of samples, and obtained as many as 70 companies in accordance with existing criteria. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis to process the data. This study proves that leverage has a significant positive effect on sustainable growth, while profitability has a significant positive effect on sustainable growth.
Praktek Tradisi Belis Dalam Adat Perkawinan di Desa Aiteas (Studi Post-Marital Residence Antara Matrilokal dan Neolokal)
Authors: Soares Evaristo , Prabawa Titi Susilowati , Sasongko Gatot
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini berfokus pada posisi laki-laki dan perempuan terkait post-marital residence dalam praktek belis di Desa Aiteas bagi pengantin yang sesudah menikah tinggal (matrilokal) dan yang tidak tinggal bersama keluarga perempuan (neolokal). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Aiteas, Posto Administrativu Manatuto, Municipio Manatuto, Timor Leste. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, praktek perkawinan di Desa Aiteas pengantin laki-laki dari luar Desa Aiteas yang menikah dengan perempuan Desa Aiteas terkait post-marital residence antara yang tinggal dan yang tinggal di luar keluarga perempuan secara tahapannya adalah sama. Besarnya belis merupakan kesepakatan bersama. Di Desa Aiteas sesuai adat matrilineal menempatkan posisi laki-laki dalam relasi keluarga : Pertama, Laki-laki mengalami sub-ordinasi dalam pengambilan keputusan. Kedua, kekuasaan harta benda dan sistem warisan berada di tangan di pihak istri. Ketiga, marga anak mengikuti marga pihak keluarga perempuan. Posisi laki-laki ini tidak berbeda antara post-marital residence matrilokal maupun neolokal.  Posisi perempuan dalam keluarga : pertama, pada aspek pendidikan, semakin banyak perempuan Desa Aiteas yang sekolah sampai Universitas. Kedua, dalam aspek sosial budaya, perempuan Desa Aiteas berperan aktif dalam kegiatan sosial budaya sebagai kewajiban berpartisipasi bagi rumah adat (uma lisan). Ketiga, dalam aspek politik, perempuan Desa Aiteas bisa terjun ke dunia politik. Perbedaan post-marital residence antara matrilokal maupun neolokal hanya berbeda dalam hal jumlah belis, tetapi sesuai dengan sistem adat matrilineal Desa Aiteas, tidak ada perbedaan posisi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam keluarga.
Are Male and Female Students Different in High-Order Thinking Skills?
Authors: Sari Dewi Endah , Hindun Iin , Mahmudati Nurul , Miharja Fuad Jaya , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: May 2020

High-order thinking skills (HOTS) are competencies that must be possessed by male and female students in 21st Century era. The purpose of this quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was to determine the effect of gender on the level of HOTS empowerment of high school students. The subjects of this study were  students of SMA Negeri 1 Malang and the sample of the study was students of class XI MIPA 10. All students receive biology learning by applying Problem-based Learning (PBL) combined with Two Stay-Two Stray (TSTS) assisted by “Sangkar Hati” media. The collected data were analyzed by using one way ANCOVA. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that HOTS achievement of female students is not significantly different from male students. Through the findings of this study, it is expected that the implementation of Biology learning in other schools will also implement innovative education with creative media that can empower HOTS of female and male students.
The Synchronous Online Argumentation System User Interface with an Integrated Design Framework: Redesign and Evaluation
Authors: Nuswantari Ayu , Wu Ying-Tien , Surjono Herman Dwi
Published: May 2020

The Synchronous online argumentation system is highly needed to facilitate learning activity in this internet era. To gain deeper insights about this important issue, this study developed nine principles based on Cognitive Load, User Interface, and User Experience to redesign a system. With this framework, 48 (forty-eight) students of Chi-Ying High School had tested with two prototypes, and the second prototype used the nine principles. The systems were measured with Web-Based Learning Environment (WEBLEI) and System Usability Test (SUS). The result of WEBLEI measurement shows that the second prototype gives better result and shows higher user acceptance than the first prototype. The result of SUS measurement shows that the usability of the second prototype is better than on the first prototype with (4.43) SUS score difference. The result shows that the use of nine principles that applied to the second prototype does increase the usability and acceptance of the students.
RELIGIÕES, LAICIDADE E ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: DIÁLOGOS CULTURAIS PARA O TRABALHO EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Moura Carlos André Silva de , Uzun Julia Rany Campos
Published: May 2020

Há décadas os debates sobre a História das Religiões têm ocupado espaços em diversos ambientes. No entanto, as discussões na educação básica ainda são vivenciadas de modo periférico ou com ênfase em doutrinas específicas. Neste artigo, analisamos as propostas para a inserção das discussões sobre as religiões no ensino de História, especialmente, como temática que colabora para a construção das alteridades, a formação da cidadania e o combate às intolerâncias. A partir da História Cultural, apresentamos propostas para que os debates em sala de aula valorizem a historicidade e as representações culturais, com a promoção de um debate plural. Neste sentido, concluímos que a inserção desta temática na educação básica é fundamental para a formação dos cidadãos.
MEMÓRIAS DA JUVENTUDE NA RUA MARIA ANTÔNIA
Authors: Hatagima Gustavo
Published: May 2020

ABDALA JUNIOR, Benjamin. (org.) Um mundo coberto de jovens. São Paulo: Com-Arte, 2016. 288 p. Organizado por Benjamin Abdala Junior, Um mundo coberto de jovens traz à tona um conjunto de textos que explora as ações do Grêmio da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCL-USP) durante os anos 1960.
RELIGIOSIDADE EM TRÂNSITO PRÁTICAS COTIDIANAS DO SAGRADO NO BRASIL DA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Peres Elena Pajaro
Published: May 2020

WISSENBACH, Maria Cristina Cortez. Práticas Religiosas, Errância e Vida Cotidiana no Brasil (Finais do Século XIX e Inícios do XX), São Paulo: Intermeios; USP-Programa Pós-Graduação História Social, 2018, 256 p. A historiadora Cristina Wissenbach em seu livro, nos introduz de maneira exemplar no universo das interconexões entre o catolicismo de base popular, imbricado de práticas camponesas muitas vezes consideradas heréticas na Europa, as religiões de matrizes africanas e os saberes milenares dos povos indígenas.
VOZES DA MILITÂNCIA NOVA IGUAÇU NAS DÉCADAS DE 1970 E 1980
Authors: Kronemberger Adriana Bastos
Published: May 2020

Pesquisa com entrevistas com militantes sociais das décadas analisadas e o cotejamento com documentos oficiais e reportagens da imprensa da época; cartas da Diocese de Nova Iguaçu / Comissão Diocesana de Justiça e Paz de 1978 e 1979, Dossiês e relatórios do SNI (SERVIÇO NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO) – Agência Rio de Janeiro e dossiê CEV-Rio- Comissão da Verdade do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. Além dos documentos oficiais...
A Study on the Characteristics of Intra-Industry Trade for Korea’s E-Commerce Trade
Authors: Cheong Inkyo , Yoo Jeongho
Published: May 2020

Comprehensive studies examining how Korean e-commerce trade works are currently limited. This study seeks to explore whether Korea’s e-commerce trade is more applicable to traditional trade theory or to modern theories. According to our analysis, the share of intra-industry trade (IIT) in modern trade theory is less than that of general trade for Korean e-commerce. Therefore, trade based on comparative advantage can be more valid in explaining e-commerce trade. From results in analyzing the gravity model, it was found that Korea’s e-commerce exports are higher as IIT with its FTA partners. In contrast, it is found that the lower the proportion of e-commerce trade, the higher chance for the import growth. Lastly, this study looked at what kind of comparative advantage is realized through imports. While Korea has been mostly exporting goods of high quality, its major trading partners import products based on price and selection of goods. In order for Korea’s e-commerce to grow, a more strategic approach is necessary. A strategy of high price based on superior quality is not effective, and as e-commerce has radically reduced sales and marketing costs, so a price reduction needs to be reflected in the price of goods for consumers.
Diagnostic criteria for lessivage of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region (Ukraine)
Authors: Pankiv Zenoviy , Malyk Stepan , Yamelynets Taras
Published: May 2020

Profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region were formed due to the combined effect of such processes as podzolization, lessivage, gley-eluvium. For the diagnosis of these soils, researchers have used different diagnostic features. The most controversial is the diagnosis of the lessivage process. Based on our own field and analytical studies, it is suggested to use the granulometric composition compared to the contents of the horizon and the silt content in argillanes for the diagnosis of lessivage argillanes within the illuvial horizon. A reliable feature of lessivage is the equal distribution of the montmorillonite group minerals within the profile, which is diagnosed by the ratio of SiO2:Al2O3 in the silty fraction, the accumulation of Fe2O3 and R2O3 in the illuvial horizon in comparison with the rock and positive values of eluvial-accumulative coefficient of oxides in the silty fraction in the illuvial part of the soil profile.
Effect of row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of soybean
Authors: Neugschwandtner Reinhard W. , Winkler Johanna , Bernhart Maria , Pucher Michael A. , Klug Martin , Werni Christian , Adam Eveline , Kaul Hans-Peter
Published: May 2020

Soybean crop management have not been studied much in Central Europe as compared with cereals. We assessed the effect of variety, row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen (N) fertilization on yields and yield components of soybean in a two-year experiment in Gleisdorf, Austria. The varieties Lenka, Naya and Xonia were tested in row spacings of 13 cm, 38 cm and 76 cm with 30 germinable seeds m−2. Additionally, 60 seeds m−2 were tested at 13 cm row spacing, and 38 cm row spacing was additionally established with N fertilization. Faster soil coverage was obtained with a high seeding rate or narrower row spacings. First pod height differed between varieties and increased with higher seeding rate. Grain yield was not affected by treatments but yield components differed. The widest row spacing resulted in a lower plant density but more pods plant−1, grains plant−1, grains pod−1 (in one year) and a higher thousand kernel weight (TKW). The higher seeding rate resulted in a higher plant density but less pods plant−1 whereas grains pod−1 and TKW did not differ. N fertilization did not affect the grain yield. Correlation analysis showed a high adaptability of soybean to different seeding rates and row spacings through modulation of yield components.
Labour Market Institutions and Amplification of Employment Fluctuations
Authors: Matsue Toyoki
Published: May 2020

Labour market reforms have been undertaken to eliminate labour market rigidities in European countries since 1970s. The important features of the reforms are the reduction in adjustment costs and the introduction of fixed-term contracts (FTC). Some empirical studies point out that employment fluctuations have become more volatile after the reforms. This paper presents a model with FTC and analyzes the effects of the key features of the reforms. Numerical examples show that an expected productivity shock causes the oscillatory behaviour of employment. Moreover, a reduction in adjustment costs amplifies fluctuations. In the labour market literature, a number of studies point out the importance of trade unions in European countries. This paper also analyzes the effects of union influence, and the numerical examples indicate that the stronger union influence leads to larger employment fluctuations.