bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of national innovation capability on economic growth: Evidence from ASEAN countries through Global Innovation Index
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hieu , Nguyen Ke Nghia , Do Thi Dong , Tran Hai Yen
Published: August 2024

Purpose - This paper examines the impact of national innovation capability and economic growth by utilizing data from the Global Innovation Index (GII) reports. Seven ASEAN countries, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, are taken as examples to provide evidence for the study.
Design/Methodology/Approach - To evaluate the relationship between national innovation capability and economic growth, the authors build a model in which national innovation capability includes seven pillars of innovation. Economic growth is assessed through GDP. Data was collected in 11 GII reports from 2011 to 2021.
Findings - The results of the study show that among seven GII pillars, institutions, infrastructure, and business sophistication are found to have an impact on economic growth. However, while the effect of institutions and infrastructure is positive, the impact of business sophistication on economic growth is found to be negative.
Practical implications - This paper recommends that to enhance economic growth, governments of seven surveyed ASEAN countries should pay more attention to improving institutions and infrastructure. In addition, they should also focus on making market sophistication more efficient.
Originality/value - This research offers a new insight for fostering economic growth from the perspective of national innovation. This is the first study that examines the impact of seven pillars of innovation on economic growth. The results provide additional evidence of the impact of national innovation capacity on
economic growth.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Eco Enzim Bagi Warga RT 22 RW 02 Medan Baru, Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur
Authors: Angasa Eka , Asdim  , Nesbah  , Aggraini Umi Alma , Widayanti Tri , Kurnia Ridho
Published: August 2024

Telah dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian tentang pelatihan pembuatan eco enzim bagi warga RT 22 RW 02 Medan Baru, Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur menggunakan baha baku kulit buah jeruk. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi produk multifungsi berupa eco enzim, sehingga meminimalisir sampah rumah tangga. Pelatihan dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah dan praktek langsung tata cara pembuatan eco enzim. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa peserta sangat antusias mengikuti pelatihan dari awal sampai akhir pelaksanaan kegiatan. Hal ini dikarenakan pembuatan eko enzim dari sampah organik rumah tangga merupakan hal baru bagi peserta. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan, peserta yang hadir telah memahami dan mampu membuat eco enzim dari sampah organik rumah tangga. Selain itu, peserta juga memperoleh eco enzim yang siap digunakan hasil dari pembuatan eco enzim yang dibuat sebelum pelatihan dilakukan.
Penerapan Mesin Pemipil Jagung Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kapasitas Produksi Kelompok Petani Jagung Di Kecamatan Kerkap Bengkulu Utara
Authors: Irkhos  , Lidiawati Liza
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan pelatihan penggunaan mesin pemipil jagung sebagai upaya meningkatkan produktifitas kelompok petani jagung di kecamatan Kerkap Bengkulu Utara telah dilaksanakan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk Menyediakan 1 unit mesin pemipil jagung bagi kelompok tani di desa Tanjung Agung Palik kecamatan Kerkap untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi beras jagung. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu metode pelatihan dan pendampingan. Kegiatan ini telah menghasilkan 1 unit mesin pemipil jagung daya 300 watt dengan kapasitas 15 kg/jam serta 6 orang peserta yang memiliki keterampilan dalam merancang, menggunakan serta memperbaiki kerusakan mesin pemipil jagung.
Pemanfaatan Sampah Rumah Tangga Sebagai Eco enzyme Bagi Warga RT.17 dan RT.22, Kelurahan Dusun Besar, Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Maryanti Evi , Angasa Eka , Adfa Morina , Syafitri Wulan Aprilia , Faronica Della
Published: August 2024

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, kita tidak bisa lepas dari sampah, baik organik maupun anorganik. Desa Dusun Besar Kecamatan Singalang Patti Kota Bengkulu dilakukan pengolahan sampah khususnya di RT. 17 dan RT. 22, RW. 07 karena meningkatnya timbunan sampah. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah ini adalah dengan mengolah sampah organik menjadi cairan Eco enzyme. Eco enzyme adalah cairan yang dibuat dengan memfermentasi limbah sayur dan buah dengan tambahan gula. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarkat dengan memanfaatkan sampah rumah tangga sebagai Eco enzyme bagi warga RT. 17 dan RT. 22 Kecamatan Dusun Besar Kota Bengkulu melaksanakan sosialisasi dan pelatihan produksi Eco enzyme. Sebuah kegiatan bakti sosial yang memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga warga sebagai Eco enzyme di RT. 17 dan RT.22 Kecamatan Dusun Besar berhasil dilaksanakan dan mendapat dukungan dari warga sekitar. Eco enzim berhasil diekstraksi dari limbah kulit nanas dan didistribusikan ke warga di lokasi.
Pengenalan Paleontologi dan Stratigrafi untuk Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Geologi Kepada Siswa SMK N 1 Karanggayam
Authors: Arif Subhan , Dzakiya Nurul , Krismonita Sandra
Published: August 2024

Kebutuhan substansial dalam konteks eksplorasi sumberdaya geologi serta persiapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertambangan menjadi hal yang bersifat bersifat urgen khususnya tentang Paleontologi dan Stratigrafi bagi siswa SMK Jurusan Geologi Pertambangan, SMKN 1 Karanggayam. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan mempersiapkan mitra secara lebih baik untuk memasuki dunia kerja dalam sektor pertambangan. Metode yang digunakan berupa pengajaran atau presentasi materi dilanjutkan praktek dengan alat peraga, diskusi dan tanya jawab untuk melihat perubahan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan. Hasilnya, peserta mampu meningkatkan pemahaman mereka tentang Paleontologi dan Stratigrafi, konsep dasar stratigrafi, pengenalan fosil, serta pengambilan sampel batuan yang relevan dengan eksplorasi sumber daya geologi. Mereka juga memiliki keterampilan teknis yang lebih baik yang dapat diterapkan dalam karir masa depan di industri pertambangan.
Perilaku Mencuci Tangan Sejak Dini pada Sekolah PAUD Terpadu Kabupaten Keerom Provinsi Papua
Authors: Haryati Kristina
Published: August 2024

Tindakan mencuci tangan harus diajarkan pada anak sejak dini untuk menjaga kebersihan. Tujuan kegiatan yaitu memberikan edukasi dan praktik perilaku mencuci tangan sejak dini pada PAUD Terpadu Yayasan PESAT, Kabupaten Keerom Provinsi Papua. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan oleh narasumber yang diawali dengan bertanya ke anak-anak dampak atau efek jika tidak cuci tangan saat makan. Setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan penyajian materi dalam bentuk video singkat. Pemberian materi menggunakan video singkat dan diselingi dengan permainan atau games. Implementasi dari materi yang diberikan, anak-anak PAUD dapat mempraktikkan langsung cara mencuci tangan yang benar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak sangat antusias selama edukasi karena diselingi dengan permainan. Saat praktik mencuci tangan, ada 5 anak yang dapat mempraktikkan mencuci tangan dengan baik atau sekitar 71,43% sedangkan 2 anak belum dapat mempraktikkan mencuci tangan dengan tepat atau sekitar 28,57%. Dengan edukasi dan praktik ini, maka harapannya anak-anak memiliki pengetahuan pentingnya perilaku mencuci tangan dengan benar.
Analysis of the Level of Teacher Creativity in Physical Education Learning Outcomes
Authors: Abdul Wahid  , Anggi Setia Lengkana  , Dewi Susilawati
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the level of teacher creativity in physical education learning outcomes. This study uses qualitative research methods with a triangulation process, namely observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research subjects in this study were PJOK teachers, PJOK Peer teachers, school principals, representatives of students in grades IV, V, VI. From the results of research in the field, several conclusions regarding teacher creativity were revealed; First, it shows that learning media modifications affect student learning efficiency. Second, participation and response to learning media affect students' enthusiasm for learning. Third, the 2013 curriculum and independence affect the efficiency of learning outcomes. Fourth, school facilities and infrastructure affect teacher creativity. Fifth, the good social environment of the surrounding community will support the learning process of Kudanguyah Elementary School students.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi Çalışmaları Bağlamında Rusya Arşivleri Üzerine Kısa Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Kaygusuz Cumhur
Published: August 2024

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi araştırmaları için ilk kaynak niteliğini haiz
pek çok belgeyi ihtiva eden Rusya arşivlerinden etkin ve verimli bir
şekilde istifade edebilmek için oldukça sıkı ve disiplinli bir çalışma
rejiminde faaliyet gösteren mevzubahis kurumlar hakkında önceden bilgi
sahibi olmak önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Moskova bölgesinde
bulunan ve her yıl binlerce yerli ve yabancı araştırmacıya hizmet
veren Rusya Devlet Ekonomi Arşivi (Rossiyskiy Gosudarstvennıy
Arhiv Ekonomiki) RGAE - РГАЭ, Rusya Federasyonu Devlet Arşivi
(Gosudarstvennıy Arhiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii) GARF - ГАРФ, Rusya
Devlet Sosyal ve Siyasi Tarih Arşivi (Rossiyskiy Gosudarstvennıy
Arhiv Sotsialno-Politiçeskoy İstorii) RGASPİ - РГАСПИ, Rusya Devlet
Askerî Arşivi (Rossiyskiy Gosudarstvennıy Voyennıy Arhiv) RGVA –
РГВА ve Rusya Devlet Film ve Fotoğraf Belgeleri Arşivi (Rossiyskiy
Gosudarstvennıy Arhiv Kinofotodokumentov) RGAKFD - РГАКФД
işbu çalışmamızda ele alınmıştır. İlgili kurumların sahip oldukları
fonlar, belge koleksiyonlarının nitelikleri, okuma salonlarından istifade
edebilmek için gerekli dokümanlar ve çalışma saatleri gibi mühim
detayların, özellikle Rusya’da ikamet etmeyen ve zaman sınırlaması
bulunan araştırmacılara fayda sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır. Yine söz
konusu arşivlerin okuma salonlarında gerçekleştirilecek çalışmaların
verimliliğini arttırmak maksadıyla, çevrim içi olarak kullanılabilecek
bazı hizmetlere ilişkin linklere de çalışmanın muhteviyatında yer
verilmiştir. Bilhassa RSFSC ve SSCB Dış Ticaret Komiserlikleri,
Bakanlıkları ve SSCB Devlet Bilim ve Teknoloji Komitesi fonlarında
yer alan belgeler, Sovyetler Birliği’nin diğer ülkelerle gerçekleştirdiği
karşılıklı ticaretin ve bilim-teknik alanında yürüttüğü iş birliğinin
gelişimini ve değişimini ortaya koymaları sebebiyle dikkat çekmekte
ve özellikle Atatürk döneminde ve Stalin sonrası dönemde realize
edilen Türk-Sovyet iktisadi iş birliği süreçlerini farklı bir bakış açısıyla
değerlendirmeye olanak tanımaktadır.
Yakın Dönem Araştırmaları İçin Bulgaristan Arşivleri
Authors: Narinç Ökkeş
Published: August 2024

“Yakın Dönem Araştırmaları İçin Bulgaristan Arşivleri” başlıklı bu çalışmanın amacı Balkan Savaşları ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı ile ilgili araştırma yapacak olan araştırmacılara Bulgaristan’ın başkenti Sofya’da yer alan arşiv ve kütüphanelerden nasıl faydalanacaklarına dair rehberlik sağlamaktır. Bu rehberlik de özellikle Balkan Araştırmaları Enstitüsü ve Trakoloji Merkezi Kütüphanesi (Институт за Балканстика), Bulgaristan Kiril ve Metodiy Milli Kütüphanesi (Национална Библиотека Св. Св. Кирил и Методий) ve başkent Sofya’da yer alan Bulgaristan Devlet Arşivleri (Държавна Агенция “Архиви”) üzerinden bir yol haritası çizilerek sağlanacaktır. Öncelikle yukarıda zikredilen kütüphane ve arşivlere erişim hususunda günümüz teknoloji çağının gereği ve araştırmacıların değişen metodsal süreçler çerçevesinde web adresleri üzerinden kısa ve kolay bir ziyarette bulunmalarını tavsiye etmek başlangıç için yerinde bir ilk adım olacaktır: Balkan Araştırmaları Enstitüsü ve Trakoloji Merkezi Kütüphanesi (Институт за Балканстика с Център по Тракология) erişim için: https://www.balkanstudies.bg/bg/; Bulgaristan Kiril ve Metodiy Milli Kütüphanesi (Нацинална Библиотека Св. Св. Кирил и Методий) erişim için:https://www.nationallibrary.bg/www/; Bulgaristan Devlet Arşivleri (Държавна Агенция “Архиви”) erişim için: https://www.archives.government.bg/. İlgili web adreslerinden dijital kataloglara ve erişime açılmış arşiv materyallerinin dijital görüntülerine erişilebilmektedir. Buradan hareketle bahsi geçen arşiv ve kütüphanelerden temin edilmiş belge ve kaynaklarla çalışmanın birinci bölümünde “Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nda Bulgaristan ve Türk-Bulgar İlişkileri” hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
Türk Tarihi Üzerine Fransız Arşiv Kaynakları
Authors: Yücel İdris , Kızmaz Can Erhan
Published: August 2024

Fransa, 16. yüzyılda gücünün zirvesine ulaşan ve Balkanlar üzerinden Orta Avrupa’ya ilerleyen Türk imparatorluğu ile siyasi ilişkiler geliştirmek istemiş, böylece Sultan Süleyman ve Fransa Kralı I. François arasında Türk-Fransız dostluğunun temelleri atılmıştı. 18. asra gelindiğinde özellikle 1789 Fransız İhtilali sonrası değişen dünya şartları ve Akdeniz’deki Fransız, İngiliz, Osmanlı ve Rus rekabeti bağlamında Türk-Fransız ilişkileri ters bir istikamete girdi. Fransa ve İngiltere Birinci Dünya Savaşı öncesinde Almanya’nın müttefiki olan Osmanlı Devleti’nin topraklarını paylaşma planları yapmışlardır. 1921 Ankara ve 1923 Lozan anlaşmaları sonrasında, Atatürk dönemindeki Türk-Fransız ilişkilerindeki temel mevzular arasında Türkiye-Suriye sınırı, Hatay, Boğazlar’ın statüsü ve 400 yıl boyunca devam edegelen kapitülasyon imtiyazlarının aşamalı olarak sona erdirilmesinden kaynaklı çekişmeler yer alır. Türk-Fransız ilişkileri, kültürel, ekonomik, askeri ve siyasi zeminde yüzbinlerce sayfa arşiv belgesinin oluşmasına neden oldu. Fransa’daki arşivler geniş bir sınıflandırmaya ve zengin bir içeriğe sahiptirler. Fransa’da bulunan diplomatik arşivler, millî arşivler, Savunma Bakanlığı’na bağlı askeri arşivler ve Millî Kütüphane Türkiye tarihi ve Türk- Fransız ilişkileri üzerine yapılacak araştırmalarda son derece önemli birincil kaynaklara sahiptir. Ayrıca, Gallica BnF dijital arşivleri araştırmacılar için uzaktan erişimde büyük imkânlar sunmaktadır. Yine, Fransa’da yer alan Osmanlı topraklarındaki Fransız Katolik misyonerlik örgütlerine ait koleksiyonlar da önemlidir. Çalışmada bu arşivlerin içerik ve önemlerine değinilmiştir.
Analisis Penetapan Pengadilan Agama Mengenai Itsbat Nikah Dalam Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Hasriyanti Hasriyanti , Muharuddin Muharuddin
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis hukum tentang Itsbat Nikah serta analisis penetapan Pengadilan Agama Sorong No.126/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Srog. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum Normatif dengan cara menganalisis bahan-bahan hukum melalui studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, walaupun Hukum Islam tidak secara tersirat menganjurkan dilakukannya pencatatan nikah tiap-tiap perkawinan, namun melalui Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) pada pasal 5 KHI menyatakan bahwa pencatatan perkawinan harus dilakukan untuk menjamin ketertiban dalam perkawinan. Adapun Perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan sesuai dengan ketentuan Inpres 1 tahun 1991 tentang Kompilasi Hukum Islam Pasal 7 ayat (2) KHI dapat dilakukan pengajuan permohonan Itsbat Nikah melalui Pengadilan Agama. Sebagai contoh perkara dalam penetapan pengadilan Agama No.126/ Pdt.P/ 2022/ PA.Srog, ketetapan hakim dalam mensahkan Permohonan Itsbat Nikah Pemohon I dan Pemohon II sudah benar adanya karena telah sesuai rukun dan syarat sah nikah dalam hukum Islam tanpa ada halangan pada perkawinan kedua pemohon tersebut. Adapun poin seperti kedudukan salah satu pemohon II sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) juga dapat menjadi pertimbangan hakim sebagai salah satu urgensi sehingga Pemohon mengajukan Itsbat Nikah.
Kata Kunci: Itsbat Nikah; Nikah Siri; Pencatatan Nikah; dan Pengadilan Agama
Conocimiento en un grupo de gestantes sobre caries dental en niños
Authors: Morales-Canova Claudia Alexandra , Perona-Miguel de Priego Guido Alberto
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento en gestantes atendidas en la clínica Inmaculada en el distrito de Sullana, Piura sobre caries dental en niños, durante los meses de julio, agosto y setiembre del año 2023. Materiales y Método: Este estudio fue de tipo cuantitativo, transversal y prospectivo. La muestra fue de 145 gestantes,atendidas en la clínica Inmaculada en el distrito de Sullana, Piura. Para la colecta de datos se utilizó un cuestionario validado, el cual fue aplicado a las gestantes cuando asistían a los consultorios. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva para análisis univariado mediante distribución de frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: La mayoría de las gestantes participantes del estudio presentaron un nivel regular de conocimiento sobre caries dental en niños (60%), el 20.7% presentó un nivel malo y solo el 19.3% que corresponde un nivel bueno. Se halló que el 72.4% de las gestantes tienen de dos a más hijos y de este grupo, el 44.1% presentaron un nivel regular de conocimiento. Además, la mayoría de las gestantes (52.4%) tenían edades entre 31 a 40 años, de las cuales el 32.4% presentaron un nivel regular de conocimiento sobre caries dental en niños. En relación al grado de instrucción, la mayoría de las gestantes reportó un nivel superior (66.9%) y de este grupo, el 39.3% presentó un nivel regular de conocimiento. Finalmente, el 75.2% de las gestantes pertenecían al sector urbano, y de ellas, el 46.2% presentó un nivel regular de conocimiento acerca de caries dental en niños. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento en las gestantes atendidas en la clínica Inmaculada en el distrito de Sullana sobre caries dental en niños de manera general fue de nivel regular en todas las variables estudiadas.
Discourse Analysis of Racism in Just Mercy Movie
Authors: Nazar Muhammad , Aso La , Martisa Ela
Published: August 2024

This research aims to describe the racism utterances in the Just Mercy movie using racism theory based on Dijk's approach. Researcher used qualitative descriptive research as a method. The data source in this research was taken from the Just Mercy movie. Data collection was carried out through watching, Note-Taking, Screen shooting, Identifying and grouping the data based on the theory of racism based on Dijk's approach. Data analysis techniques are presenting the data, describing the data, interpreting and analyzing the data resulting from this research. The research results show that racist behavior in the Just Mercy movie is depicted based on Dijk's theory in the aspects of nonverbal structures, sounds, syntax, lexicon, local (sentence) meaning, global discourse meaning (topics), schema (conventional forms of global discourse organization), rhetorical devices, speech acts, and interaction. This aspect shows racist actions in the form of facial expressions, voice, speech, actions and use of language styles. Racism in this research then provides an accurate picture of racist behavior towards black people as a reflection of the existing system of prejudice and stereotypes. As a results of the analysis, the researcher found that the movie had elements of racism in which Bryan Stevenson became a victim of racism. The researchers found seven data. Therefore, racial discrimination can also be seen in language discourse. Language also plays an important role in forming and maintaining the ideology of racism.
Analysis of Archetypes in Speak Graphic Novel by Laurie Halse Anderson
Authors: Wiratman Wiratman , Masri Fina Amalia , Gultom Eva Solina
Published: August 2024

This research aims to show the archetypes that occur in the Speak Graphic Novel. The purpose of this research is to analyze the archetypes of the main characters in the oral graphic novel by Laurie Halse. This research applies Carl Gustaf Jung's archetype theory. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection was carried out through four steps: reading, recording, analyzing data, and identifying data. The results of this research show that the Speak Graphic Novel shows the existence of two personas, five animus, one shadow, and one self archetype, before reaching the self archetype Melinda experiences an individualization process, in this graphic novel individualization appears when Melinda neutralizes this. things that cause him to use a persona and have to face the shadow that appears by providing real resistance to Andy who has been pressuring and threatening him. Another thing that helped the individualization process was Melinda's decision to accept the fact that she had made a mistake and forgive herself. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that in this novel the archetype is shown in full, starting from the details of the cause of the archetype's emergence to the start of the individualization process as a form of Melinda's effort to control or eliminate the cause of the archetype's emergence, which in the end causes the main character to achieve a self-archetype.
AVALIAÇÃO EM SALA DE AULA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EXCLUSÃO E CONTROLE
Authors: Oliveira Miranda Amanda , Magalhães Luciana Oliveira Rocha
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo propõe compreender o papel da avaliação da aprendizagem em sala de aula, a partir de uma revisão de literatura acerca da temática da avaliação na escola contemporânea, fazendo uma retomada histórica desta escola e refletindo sobre o movimento dialético inclusão-exclusão que se dá ao longo do processo de escolarização das massas a partir da universalização da educação.  Com efeito, a intenção é poder ajuizar se o referido papel da avaliação acontece deliberadamente como mecanismo de exclusão velada, atendendo à manutenção de um status quo conveniente aos interesses hegemônicos. Nesse cenário, é ponderado, também, sobre o papel do professor como parte e instrumento dessa gênese e, ainda, busca-se refletir em que medida pode contribuir para mudar este processo excludente.
Duck enteritis virus UL7 is a late gene and the UL7-encoded protein co-localizes with pUL51
Authors: Huang Jie , Wang Mingshu , Cheng Anchun , Tian Bin , Ou Xuming , Wu Ying , Yang Qiao , Sun Di , Zhang Shaqiu , Mao Sai , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Juan , Gao Qun , Zhu Dekang , Jia Renyong , Chen Shun , Liu Mafeng
Published: August 2024

Background

Duck enteritis virus (DEV) belongs to Alphaherpesvirinae; little is known about the DEV UL7 gene and its encoded protein. This study examined the molecular characteristics of DEV pUL7 in vitro and determined whether DEV pUL7 co-localizes with pUL51.

Results

The results showed that UL7 can be regarded as a late gene. Moreover, immunofluorescence assay revealed that pUL7 was located around the perinuclear cytoplasmic region and co-localized with pUL51 in the cytoplasm and nucleus after transfection into duck embryo fibroblast cells (DEFs).

Conclusion

In conclusion, we identified the molecular characteristics of the DEV UL7 gene, which is a late gene, and the co-localization of its encoded protein with pUL51 in transfected DEFs, enriching our understanding of pUL7 and future research directions.
Regional biomechanical characterization of the spinal cord tissue: dynamic mechanical response
Authors: Jin Chen , Yu Jiang-ming , Li Ran , Ye Xiao-jian
Published: August 2024

Characterizing the dynamic mechanical properties of spinal cord tissue is deemed important for developing a comprehensive knowledge of the mechanisms underlying spinal cord injury. However, complex viscoelastic properties are vastly underexplored due to the spinal cord shows heterogeneous properties. To investigate regional differences in the biomechanical properties of spinal cord, we provide a mechanical characterization method (i.e., dynamic mechanical analysis) that facilitates robust measurement of spinal cord ex vivo, at small deformations, in the dynamic regimes. Load-unload cycles were applied to the tissue surface at sinusoidal frequencies of 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00 Hz ex vivo within 2 h post mortem. We report the main response features (e.g., nonlinearities, rate dependencies, hysteresis and conditioning) of spinal cord tissue dependent on anatomical origin, and quantify the viscoelastic properties through the measurement of peak force, moduli, and hysteresis and energy loss. For all three anatomical areas (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord tissues), the compound, storage, and loss moduli responded similarly to increasing strain rates. Notably, the complex modulus values of ex vivo spinal cord tissue rose nonlinearly with rising test frequency. Additionally, at every strain rate, it was shown that the tissue in the thoracic spinal cord was significantly more rigid than the tissue in the cervical or lumbar spinal cord, with compound modulus values roughly 1.5-times that of the lumbar region. At strain rates between 0.05 and 0.50 Hz, tan δ values for thoracic (that is, 0.26, 0.25, 0.06, respectively) and lumbar (that is, 0.27, 0.25, 0.07, respectively) spinal cord regions were similar, respectively, which were higher than cervical (that is, 0.21, 0.21, 0.04, respectively) region. The conditioning effects tend to be greater at relative higher deformation rates. Interestingly, no marked difference of conditioning ratios is observed among all three anatomical regions, regardless of loading rate. These findings lay a foundation for further comparison between healthy and diseased spinal cord to the future development of spinal cord scaffold and helps to advance our knowledge of neuroscience.
Evaluating chemical properties and sustainable recycling of waste foundry sand in construction materials
Authors: Chifflard Peter , Schütz Michaela , Reiss Martin , Foroushani Mansour Ahmadi
Published: August 2024

Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) is a byproduct from metal casting processes, often contaminated with heavy metals, acids, and carbon residues. As disposal costs rise, there is growing interest in repurposing WFS as an alternative to traditional aggregates in construction materials such as bricks, tiles, and concrete. However, concerns about the potential leaching of harmful chemicals into soil and groundwater pose significant barriers to its widespread use. By reducing the chemical pollutants, WFS becomes a competitive option for sustainable construction materials. This study aims to address these concerns by developing methods to extract WFS from the production cycle before it exceeds regulatory limits, thereby enhancing its suitability for recycling and reducing disposal costs. We assessed waste foundry sand (WFS) samples from various production cycles, following permissible guidelines, by mixing them with cement in proportions of 1%, 3%, and 5%. Our evaluation focused on their effectiveness as construction materials. The results indicated that the sample with 1% cement slightly exceeded the permissible limits for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), whereas the samples with 3% and 5% cement content complied with all regulatory standards. These findings suggest that WFS, particularly when combined with higher cement contents, holds promise as a sustainable construction material. This method not only reduces the need for extensive treatment and reclamation processes but also presents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing WFS.
Circulation of new lineages of RSV-A and RSV-B in Kuwait shows high diversity in the N- and O-linked glycosylation sites in the G protein between 2020 and 2022
Authors: Madi Nada , Sadeq Mohammad , Safar Hussain A. , Al-Adwani Anfal , Al-Turab Mariam
Published: August 2024

The human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant health concern, particularly for infants, young children, and the elderly. This virus is known to evolve continuously due to environmental factors and herd immunity. In light of this, our study aimed to analyze the genetic variability of the G protein in RSV-A and RSV-B genotypes in Kuwait from 2020 to 2022. Between January 2020 and September 2022, we collected 490 respiratory samples from hospitalized patients with acute respiratory tract infections. These samples were tested and confirmed positive for RSV using multiplex Real-Time PCR. Subsequently, the samples underwent nucleic acid sequencing using the advanced Nanopore sequencing technology to analyze the full-length G gene. Sequence analysis showed that 64 isolates (76%) were RSV-A, and 20 isolates (24%) were RSV-B. The G genes of RSV-A belonged to genotype GA2.3.5, while all the RSV-B genotypes belonged to GB5.0.5a. New lineages and sub-lineages of RSV-A and RSV-B were detected, indicating the circulation of new strains in Kuwait. Many unique and new amino acid changes, including insertions, were found in the G proteins of Kuwaiti isolates, with the highest variability in the second hypervariable region. An increased number of N and O-linked glycosylation sites were also identified in the G protein, which could speculate to alter the antigenicity of RSV. The identified changes in the G protein of RSV-A and RSV-B genotypes might result from immune pressure and could affect the antigenic characteristics of circulating strains in Kuwait. This could potentially lead to new RSV variants that can evade the immune response. Our in-depth analysis of the G proteins of both RSV-A and RSV-B could aid in the development of more potent treatments and vaccines.
Identification of miR-1 and miR-499 in chronic atrial fibrillation by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation
Authors: Chen Xinpei , Zhang Yu , Meng He , Chen Guiying , Ma Yongjiang , Li Jian , Liu Saizhe , Liang Zhuo , Xie Yinuo , Liu Ying , Guo Hongyang , Wang Yutang , Shan Zhaoliang
Published: August 2024

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent arrhythmias and is characterized by a high risk of heart failure and embolic stroke, yet its underlying mechanism is unclear. The primary goal of this study was to establish a miRNA–mRNA network and identify the miRNAs associated with chronic AF by bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Methods

The GSE79768 dataset was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database to extract data from patients with or without persistent AF. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in left atrial appendages (LAAs). The STRING platform was utilized for protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The target miRNAs for the top 20 hub genes were predicted by using the miRTarBase Web tool. The miRNA–mRNA network was established and visualized using Cytoscape software. The key miRNAs selected for verification in the animal experiment were confirmed by miRwalk Web tool. We used a classic animal model of rapid ventricular pacing for chronic AF. Two groups of animals were included in the experiment, namely, the ventricular pacing group (VP group), where ventricular pacing was maintained at 240–280 bpm for 2 weeks, and the control group was the sham-operated group (SO group). Finally, we performed reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) to validate the expression of miR-1 and miR-499 in LAA tissues of the VP group and the SO group. Left atrial fibrosis and apoptosis were evaluated by Masson staining and caspase-3 activity assays, respectively.

Results

The networks showed 48 miRNAs in LAA tissues. MiR-1 and miR-499 were validated using an animal model of chronic AF. The expression level of miR-1 was increased, and miR-499 was decreased in VP group tissues compared to SO group tissues in LAAs (P < 0.05), which were correlated with left atrial fibrosis and apoptosis in AF.

Conclusion

This study provides a better understanding of the alterations in miRNA-1 and miR-499 in chronic AF from the perspective of the miRNA–mRNA network and corroborates findings through experimental validation. These findings may offer novel potential therapeutic targets for AF in the future.
Impact of early diagnosis on surgical outcomes in patients with Loeys-Dietz syndrome
Authors: Kim Hongsun , Lee Jun Ho , Chung Su Ryeun , Park Pyo Won , Park Taek Kyu , Kang I-Seok , Huh June , Kim Duk-Kyung , Cho Yang Hyun , Sung Kiick
Published: August 2024

Background

This study aimed to investigate the influence of early diagnosis (ED) on surgical outcomes in patients definitively diagnosed with Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS).

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted on 38 patients with LDS who underwent aortic surgery at our institution between January 1995 and June 2022. The primary endpoint was freedom from aortic reoperation.

Results

Among the patients, the median age at the initial surgery was 33 (range: 39–44) years, and 23 (60.5%) patients were male. Twenty-one (55.3%; aortic dissection or rupture (n = 2) and aneurysm (n = 19)) patients were diagnosed with LDS before the initial surgery (ED group). Meanwhile, the remaining 17 (44.7%; aortic dissection or rupture (n = 13) and aneurysm (n = 4)) patients were after surgery [delayed diagnosis (DD) group]. The ED group had significantly lower rates of emergency surgery and concomitant arch procedure (P < .001, respectively) but a higher rate of valve-sparing root surgery (P = .018) compared to the DD group. No in-hospital mortality was observed in either group. Nevertheless, the ED group had a shorter postoperative hospital stay (median difference: 3 days, P = .032) and a lower rate of aortic reoperation (P = .013).

Conclusion

Early detection of LDS may help in preventing acute aortic syndrome, reducing the risk of aortic reoperation, and potentially shortening hospital stay. Careful medical management before surgery could contribute to better clinical outcomes and an improved quality of life for patients with LDS.
Equitable differential privacy
Authors: Kaul Vasundhara , Mukherjee Tamalika
Published: August 2024

Differential privacy (DP) has been in the public spotlight since the announcement of its use in the 2020 U.S. Census. While DP algorithms have substantially improved the confidentiality protections provided to Census respondents, concerns have been raised about the accuracy of the DP-protected Census data. The extent to which the use of DP distorts the ability to draw inferences that drive policy about small-populations, especially marginalized communities, has been of particular concern to researchers and policy makers. After all, inaccurate information about marginalized populations can often engender policies that exacerbate rather than ameliorate social inequities. Consequently, computer science experts have focused on developing mechanisms that help achieve equitable privacy, i.e., mechanisms that mitigate the data distortions introduced by privacy protections to ensure equitable outcomes and benefits for all groups, particularly marginalized groups. Our paper extends the conversation on equitable privacy by highlighting the importance of inclusive communication in ensuring equitable outcomes for all social groups through all the stages of deploying a differentially private system. We conceptualize Equitable DP as the design, communication, and implementation of DP algorithms that ensure equitable outcomes. Thus, in addition to adopting computer scientists' recommendations of incorporating equity parameters within DP algorithms, we suggest that it is critical for an organization to also facilitate inclusive communication throughout the design, development, and implementation stages of a DP algorithm to ensure it has an equitable impact on social groups and does not hinder the redressal of social inequities. To demonstrate the importance of communication for Equitable DP, we undertake a case study of the process through which DP was adopted as the newest disclosure avoidance system for the 2020 U.S. Census. Drawing on the Inclusive Science Communication (ISC) framework, we examine the extent to which the Census Bureau's communication strategies encouraged engagement across the diverse groups of users that employ the decennial Census data for research and policy making. Our analysis provides lessons that can be used by other government organizations interested in incorporating the Equitable DP approach in their data collection practices.
Impact of regional economic development on the spatiotemporal changes of coastlines: a case study of Ningbo-Taizhou-Wenzhou region
Authors: Huang Qiyu , Li Yifan , Ai Shunyi , Chen Yuxin , Liu Yongchao
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Coastal areas are densely populated, economically developed, and form complex social-ecological systems. Any regional changes within these areas have profound consequences for their socio-economic development and ecological environments.

Methods: Based on multi-source remote sensing image data, a detailed analysis of the coastline of the Ningbo-Taizhou-Wenzhou region (Yong-Tai-Wen region) from 1980 to 2020 was conducted, and the spatiotemporal changes of the coastline were analyzed. Regression analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between the coastline length and various factors, including the degree of industrialization, GDP, urban land, and arable land.

Results and Discussion: The results show that: 1) From 1980 to 2020, the overall length of the coastline in the Yong-Tai-Wen region exhibited a decreasing trend, accompanied by a continual increase in the degree of artificial coastline. Consequently, the coastline became increasingly fragmented and tortuous. Notably, the intensity of coastline change fluctuated significantly, peaking in 2010. 2) At the regional scale, there is a strong negative correlation between the length of the coastline in the Yong-Tai-Wen region and GDP and land use, whereas the correlation with cultivated land area remains relatively low. Conversely, the proportion of human-made coastlines demonstrates a strong positive correlation with GDP and urban land use but a significant negative correlation with cultivated land area. 3) At the city scale, the length of the coastline in Ningbo shows a significant negative correlation with GDP while exhibiting a certain correlation with urban land use. Similarly, the coastline length in Taizhou also displays a strong negative association with both GDP and urban land use. In contrast, the correlation patterns observed in Wenzhou are opposite to those in Taizhou. Notably, the correlation between the length of the coastline and cultivated land area remains relatively weak across all three cities. Additionally, the proportion of artificial coastlines in Ningbo and Taizhou aligns with the overall trend in the Yong-Tai-Wen region. Specifically, the proportion of artificial coastlines in Wenzhou exhibits a positive correlation with GDP and urban land use and a negative correlation with cultivated land area.
Late Quaternary activity of Wulashan Northern fault, North China
Authors: Wei Leihua , He Weimin , Xu Yueren , Du Yanlin , Dai Aopeng , Song Xiaopeng , Xu Shuya , Qin Jingjing
Published: August 2024

The Late Quaternary activity characteristics of secondary faults located between the main active faults at the boundaries of large basins are of great significance to the overall understanding of regional seismic hazards. The Wulashan Northern Fault (WNF) is located on the northern side of the Ordos Block, within the Northern Margin Fault Basin in North China, between the Sertengshan Piedmont Fault and Daqingshan Piedmont Fault. Current research on the geometry and kinematics of the WNF needs to be improved. In this study, we aimed to determine the shallow structural characteristics and Late Quaternary activity of the WNF using shallow seismic exploration and composite drilling geological cross-sectional analysis. The results indicate that the WNF is not a single surface fault but multiple branches with a northward-dipping stepped surface distribution. The latest activity of the F1 branch with a maximum coseismic vertical dislocation of 0.9 m occurred before 47.08 ± 3.7 ka B.P. The latest and older activities of the branch of F2 with a maximum coseismic vertical dislocation of 0.96 m and 1.15 m occurred before 73.8 ± 2.8 ka B.P. and 91.2 ± 4.4 ka B.P., respectively. According to a series of empirical relationships between length of surface rupture and magnitude, the maximum potential magnitude of the earthquake was determined to be M = 6.5–7.0. We argue that even though the Late Quaternary activity of the WNF was weaker than that of the other boundary faults of the Hetao Basin, the local urban and rural planning and land and resources construction in the Hetao Basin region should pay attention to the seismic risk of the WNF as an independent section in the future for the effect of secular tectonic loading.
Workplace-based continuing professional development program for physically active learning: designing a framework and prospective directions
Authors: Mandelid Mathias Brekke , Dyngeland Espen Søreide , Teslo Ståle , Lerum Øystein , Tjomsland Hege Eikeland , Jenssen Eirik Sørnes , Eriksen Pernille Buschmann , Wergeland Tom Christian , Sandal Marion Østenstad , Stein Hege , Schjerven Hilde , Stokke Rasmus , Engelsen Knut Steinar , Andersen Sigmund Alfred , Trautner Nikolaj , Resaland Geir Kåre
Published: August 2024

In 2018, the Centre for Physical Active Learning (SEFAL) designed a comprehensive one-year workplace-based continuous professional development (CPD) program for in-service teachers in Norway. The CPD program aimed to enhance the pedagogical feasibility of integrating physically active learning (PAL) within all theoretical subjects by advancing teachers’ competence. This article provides an overview of the SEFAL CPD program’s conceptual framework and design. Although the article does not provide an independent evaluation of the framework, we discuss it based on our continual development during the period from 2018 to 2023, during which 1,363 teachers from 77 schools participated. As the framework continues to inform the SEFAL CPD, the article concludes by identifying prospective directions and potential avenues for further refinement and utilisation of this and similar programs.
Writing in the discipline of education: beliefs of future teachers regarding their academic literacy
Authors: Amo Sánchez-Fortún José Manuel de , Baldrich Kevin , Domínguez-Oller Juana Celia , Pérez-García Carmen
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the beliefs of future educators regarding academic literacy processes, focusing on the particularities associated with the Education disciplines. It examines how university students in Early Childhood Education and Primary Education degrees perceive the importance of communication skills, training in academic writing in discipline, and the suitability of teaching strategies in their academic and professional development. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, data were collected from a representative sample of 1000 Spanish university students through a validated questionnaire. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0.2.0 statistical software, and Chi-Square tests were conducted to determine the statistical significance of observed differences. The results highlight a dissonance between the importance students attribute to skills associated with academic literacy and the actual educational reality in university syllabi. Additionally, participants perceive relevant differences between academic writing in the education discipline, more closely linked to the development of reflective and research-oriented teachers in practice, and that of other areas of knowledge. In this regard, specific discursive genres considered most representative and necessary for professional teaching development have been identified. Based on the findings, recommendations are provided to enhance training in these areas, aiming to prepare educators for the evolving challenges of the educational environment.
Calcium signaling in oocyte quality and functionality and its application
Authors: Chen Chen , Huang Zefan , Dong Shijue , Ding Mengqian , Li Jinran , Wang Miaomiao , Zeng Xuhui , Zhang Xiaoning , Sun Xiaoli
Published: August 2024

Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger for many signal pathways, and changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) are an important signaling mechanism in the oocyte maturation, activation, fertilization, function regulation of granulosa and cumulus cells and offspring development. Ca2+ oscillations occur during oocyte maturation and fertilization, which are maintained by Ca2+ stores and extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e). Abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling can affect the release of the first polar body, the first meiotic division, and chromosome and spindle morphology. Well-studied aspects of Ca2+ signaling in the oocyte are oocyte activation and fertilization. Oocyte activation, driven by sperm-specific phospholipase PLCζ, is initiated by concerted intracellular patterns of Ca2+ release, termed Ca2+ oscillations. Ca2+ oscillations persist for a long time during fertilization and are coordinately engaged by a variety of Ca2+ channels, pumps, regulatory proteins and their partners. Calcium signaling also regulates granulosa and cumulus cells’ function, which further affects oocyte maturation and fertilization outcome. Clinically, there are several physical and chemical options for treating fertilization failure through oocyte activation. Additionally, various exogenous compounds or drugs can cause ovarian dysfunction and female infertility by inducing abnormal Ca2+ signaling or Ca2+ dyshomeostasis in oocytes and granulosa cells. Therefore, the reproductive health risks caused by adverse stresses should arouse our attention. This review will systematically summarize the latest research progress on the aforementioned aspects and propose further research directions on calcium signaling in female reproduction.
Fetal sexual dimorphism of maternal thyroid function parameters during pregnancy, a single center retrospective real-world study
Authors: Wu Meiqin , Hu Chunping , Huang Dan , Ying Hao , Hua Jing
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Thyroid function during pregnancy fluctuates with gestational weeks, seasons and other factors. However, it is currently unknown whether there is a fetal sex-specific thyroid function in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fetal sex differences of maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in pregnant women.

Methods

This single-center retrospective real-world study was performed by reviewing the medical records of pregnant women who received regular antenatal health care and delivered liveborn infants in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital (Pudong branch), from Aug. 18, 2013 to Jul. 18, 2020. Quantile regression was used to evaluate the relationship between various variables and TSH and FT4 concentrations. The quantile regression also evaluated the sex impact of different gestational weeks on the median of TSH and FT4.

Results

A total of 69,243 pregnant women with a mean age of 30.36 years were included. 36197 (52.28%) deliveries were boys. In the three different trimesters, the median levels (interquartile range) of TSH were 1.18 (0.66, 1.82) mIU/L and 1.39 (0.85, 2.05) mIU/L, 1.70 (1.19, 2.40) mIU/L; and the median levels (interquartile range) of FT4 were 16.63 (15.16, 18.31) pmol/L, 14.09 (12.30, 16.20) pmol/L and 13.40 (11.52, 14.71) pmol/L, respectively. The maternal TSH upper limit of reference ranges was decreased more in mothers with female fetuses during gestational weeks 7 to 12, while their FT4 upper limit of the reference ranges was increased more than those with male fetuses. After model adjustment, the median TSH level was 0.11 mIU/L lower (P <0.001), and FT4 level was 0.14 pmol/L higher (P <0.001) for mothers with female fetuses than those with male fetuses during gestational weeks 9 to 12.

Discussion

We identified sexual dimorphism in maternal thyroid function parameters, especially during 9-12 weeks of pregnancy. Based on previous research, we speculated that it may be related to the higher HCG levels of mothers who were pregnant with girls during this period. However, longitudinal studies are needed to determine if fetal sex differences impact the maternal thyroid function across pregnancy.