bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Could PBHs and secondary GWs have originated from squeezed initial states?
Authors: Ragavendra H.V. , Sriramkumar L. , Silk Joseph
Published: May 2021

Recently, the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) and
secondary gravitational waves (GWs) due to enhanced scalar power on small
scales have garnered considerable attention in the literature.
Often, the mechanism considered to arrive at such increased power involves
a modification of the standard slow roll inflationary dynamics, achieved
with the aid of fine-tuned potentials.
In this work, we investigate another well known method to generate features
in the power spectrum wherein the initial state of the perturbations is
assumed to be squeezed states.
The approach allows one to generate features even in slow
roll inflation with a specific choice for the Bogoliubov coefficients
characterizing the squeezed initial states.
Also, the method is technically straightforward to implement since the
Bogoliubov coefficients can be immediately determined from the form
of the desired spectrum with increased scalar power at small scales.
It is known that, for squeezed initial states, the scalar bispectrum is
strongly scale dependent and the consistency condition governing the scalar
bispectrum in the squeezed limit is violated.
In fact, the non-Gaussianity parameter characterizing the scalar
bispectrum proves to be inversely proportional to the squeezed mode and
this dependence enhances its amplitude at large wave numbers making it
highly sensitive to even a small deviation from the standard Bunch-Davies
vacuum.
These aspects can possibly aid in leading to enhanced formation of PBHs
and generation of secondary GWs.
However, we find that: (i) the desired form of the
squeezed initial states may be challenging to achieve from a dynamical
mechanism, and (ii) the backreaction due to the excited states severely
limits the extent of deviation from the Bunch-Davies vacuum at large wave
numbers.
We argue that, unless the issue of backreaction is circumvented,
squeezed initial states cannot lead to a substantial increase in power
on small scales that is required for enhanced formation of PBHs and generation
of secondary GWs.
An Efficient Approach for Ambulance Tracking System using GPS and GSM
Authors: Banshwar Anuj , Patel Alok , Singh Kawal Preet , Sharma Naveen Kumar , Sharma Bharat Bhushan , Pathak Mohit
Published: May 2021

An ambulance tracking system (ATS) is the need of the hour due to the recent pandemic situation going on around us. It is necessary that patients carrying vehicles such as ambulances must be equipped with the ATS technology. The ATS technology helps the hospital administration to carry out the necessary steps before the patient arrives at the hospital premises. In this technology, Global systems for Mobile communication (GSM) and Global Positioning System (GPS) are used for the efficient working of this device. In this system, a low-cost microcontroller-based electronic device Arduino is used to control the GPS and GSM modules. In this system, modem and display device such as liquid crystal display (LCD) is used at the user end which is also called as Base Station. Information regarding the location of the ambulance is provided by the GPS module. GSM module is used for communicating with the base station. The hospital administration can get the information of the arrival of the ambulance well in time and can increase the chance of survival of the patient as the time required for setting up basic components is done well in advance. This system can also be used for various other vehicles used in emergency situations.
Classification of Power Quality Events - An Inclusive Review
Authors: Sharma Bharat Bhushan , Singh Kawal Preet , Patel Alok , Banshwar Anuj , Sharma Naveen Kumar , Pathak Mohit
Published: May 2021

Power Quality is major issue that has led to large amount of research by the industry and academic experts. The increased uses of the electronics in electrical utilities have created a need of monitoring the power quality and provide the mitigation to enhance the performance of the electrical equipment. With advancement in technologies and availability of various online monitoring tools, it is very important to assess and review these technologies. The increased rate of research in this field is proven to be beneficial to the consumers. Customers are now able to request for better quality of service and making the Power Quality issue more important. This paper provide an inclusive review of various application of signal processing on power quality events, analysis of artificial intelligent techniques to classify the signals and optimization techniques for decision making. The paper also explores the upcoming opportunities for power quality classification and further improvement in terms of higher performance of the electrical equipment.
A Review Analysis on Face Recognition System with User Interface System
Authors: Tripathi Amrendra , Sharma Rahul , Memoria Minakshi , Joshi Kapil , Diwakar Manoj , Singh Prabhishek
Published: May 2021

Face recognition is the most advanced way of authentication and authorization and it has been developed a lot since the last decade and such systems are now popular in fields such as security and commerce. This work revolves around facial recognition based automated user management system with active learning features the proposed work uses a combination of a couple of technologies to build such a system for user keeping which is foolproof and secure it also adds active learning to counter the problem of changing faces in youngsters. The system is recommended for schools, universities, corporate offices, and prisons.
Comparing Classical ML Models with Quantum ML Models with Parametrized Circuits for Sentiment Analysis Task
Authors: Joshi Nisheeth , Katyayan Pragya , Ahmed Syed Afroz
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the performance of classical and quantum machine learning models for sentiment analysis task. Here, popular machine learning algorithms viz support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting (GB) and random forest (RF) are compared with variational quantum classifier (VQC) using two sets of parameterized circuits viz EfficientSU2 and RealAmplitudes. For experimenting with VQC, IBM Quantum Experience and IBM Qiskit were used while for classical machine learning models, scikit-learn was used. It was found that the performance of the VQC was slightly better than popular machine learning algorithms. For our experiments, we have used popular restaurant sentiment analysis dataset. The extracted features from this dataset and then after applying PCA reduced the feature set into 5 features. Quantum ML models were trained using 100 epochs and 150 epochs. Overall, four Quantum ML models were trained and three Classical ML models were trained. The performance of the trained models was evaluated using standard evaluation measures viz, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-Score etc. In all the cases EfficientSU2 based model with 100 Epochs performed better than all other models. Efficient SU2 model with 100 epochs produced an accuracy of 74.5% and an F-Score of 0.7605 which were highest across all the trained models.
Smart library automation using face recognition
Authors: Yalagi Pratibha S. , Mane Prachi V.
Published: May 2021

The Library Automation System is gaining more importance as the number of its users is increasing. Automation of libraries reduces the duplication of work, saves time, and brings accuracy and speed. It also increases efficiency in library services and boosts the quality of work. One such effective system is the Smart Library Automation System using Face Recognition. The Proposed system uses face recognition for entering and getting the details of an end user. Through this application, the book gets issued to the end-user by identifying the user with the help of face recognition and identifying the book using barcode capture. In our system, we are using dlib face recognition, which is 99.38% accurate. We have provided the validations on the user registration form so that we get the right information. The registration process captures the face of the user and book issue, and the book return process checks the details of the user. End-users of the application will be librarians, students, and teachers. Our project aims at making the tasks of the library easy and to make the book issuing and returning process more interactive and effortless for the user. Also, our system is responsible for preserving the details of book issue and return and paperless report generation.
Comparative study of Jrip j48 and naive bayes algorithm in Flower specie prediction
Authors: Jain Aakanksha , Tiwari Shivam , Madhusudhana Subramanyam M. , Jamal Khalid , Yadav Ajay Singh , Kumar Sarvesh
Published: May 2021

Artificial intelligence and Deep learning techniques propose and provide effective mechanism for classification among several commodities like gender classification on basis of ridge count, spam mail classification and detection etc. Here we have proposed a hybrid module on basis of available AI and ML techniques by which we can achieve more than 90% accuracy for any provided test dataset. We have included over 50423 samples, out of which we use 66 percentage of data for training purpose of our model and 34% remaining sample we use as test dataset, with 8 fold we have achieve approximately 96% accuracy. For collection of dataset and processing of dataset we gone through several phases which include extraction of feature (EoF) using feature extraction technique, for cleaning of dataset we have use dimension reduction technique factor analysis(FA). In next phase for classification of flowers we have used classification techniques in which we found the accuracy score of j48 classifier is higher than Naïve Bayes and Jrip algorithm. Hence the choice of j48 classifier for classification is right.
Strong interaction of a quantum dot with the photon reservoir in one-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Gainutdinov R Kh , Nabieva L J , Garifullin A I , Mutygullina A A
Published: May 2021

Quantum fluctuations as a process of the self-interaction of a system lead to a shift of the energy levels and are usually described by the self-energy function. Here quantum fluctuations caused by the interaction of a quantum dot coupled with an one-dimensional photonic crystal’s cavity with the photon reservoir are discussed. It is shown that this interaction can lead to a significant increase in quantum fluctuations. The self-interaction is of interest for solving problems of decreasing decoherence and dephasing of qubit for quantum computation.
Exciton coherence in a layer of CdSe/CdS/ZnS semiconductor quantum dots under continuous laser excitation and two-quantum excitonic transient holograms
Authors: Samartsev V V , Mitrofanova T G
Published: May 2021

We discuss the possibility of exciting a stimulated excitonic induction in a thin film of semiconductor quantum dots and analyze the possibility of writing and reading out the two-quantum excitonic transient holograms in such samples.
Vision-based radiochromic film densitometer: setup and uncertainty analysis for its potential clinical usage
Authors: Jiménez-Aviles G. , Camacho-López M.A. , García-Garduño O.A. , Isaac-Olivé K.
Published: May 2021

In this research, an alternative radiochromic film readout system based on computer vision was instrumented with a commercial camera and a 6500 K temperature light-emitting diode. This arrangement works in transmission mode as the standardized flatbed scanner used in clinical dosimetry tasks. Scanner was employed as a reference to compare the optical density response. Nine 3× 3 cm2 samples of EBT3 film were irradiated within a dosimetric range from 0 to 15 Gy taking a 100-pixel region of interest from each one for noise, optical density uncertainty, and reproducibility analysis for the three colour components. The densitometer prototype has a better response to optical density, 43% more sensitivity than the scanner in all channels, and a maximum of 0.93 for the red one; the best noise rejection is in the green component. However, the noise and lowest total uncertainty results are found in the scanner. Future work must focus on noise reduction and the robustness of the opto-electronic instrumentation to enhance the long-term reproducibility of the prototype.
Sources of nitrous oxide from intensively managed pasture soils: the hole in the pipe
Authors: Friedl Johannes , Scheer Clemens , De Rosa Daniele , Müller Christoph , Grace Peter R , Rowlings David W
Published: May 2021

Rainfall and irrigation trigger large pulses of the powerful greenhouse gas N2O from intensively managed pastures, produced via multiple, simultaneously occurring pathways. These N2O pulses can account for a large fraction of total N2O losses, demonstrating the importance to determine magnitude and source partitioning of N2O under these conditions. This study investigated the response of different pathways of N2O production to wetting across three different textured pasture soils. Soil microcosms were fertilised with an ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) solution which was either single or double 15N labelled, wetted to four different water-filled pore space (WFPS) levels, and incubated over two days. The use of a 15N pool mixing model together with soil N gross transformations enabled the attribution of N2O to specific pathways, and to express N2O emissions as a fraction of the underlying N transformation. Denitrification and nitrification mediated pathways contributed to the production of N2O in all soils, regardless of WFPS. Denitrification was the main pathway of N2O production accounting for >50% of cumulative N2O emissions even at low WFPS. The contribution of autotrophic nitrification to N2O emissions decreased with the amount of wetting, while the contribution of heterotrophic nitrification remained stable or increased. Following the hole-in-the-pipe model, 0.1%–4% of nitrified N was lost as N2O, increasing exponentially with WFPS, while the percentage of denitrified N emitted as N2O decreased, providing critical information for the representation of N2O/WFPS relationships in simulation models. Our findings demonstrate that the wetting of pasture soils promotes N2O production via denitrification and via the oxidation of organic N substrates driven by high carbon and N availability upon wetting. The large contribution of heterotrophic nitrification to N2O emissions should be considered when developing N2O abatement strategies, seeking to reduce N2O emissions in response to rainfall and irrigation from intensively managed pastures.
The effect of feeding different levels of dandelion leaf powder (Taraxacum officinale) in the diet on the productive and physiological performance of broiler chickens, strain Ross-308.
Authors: Noor Ameer Shamkhi , Kadhim Alaa Hasan , Ali Marwa Amer
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to know the effect of feeding different levels of dandelion leaf powder on the productive and some physiological traits of broiler chickens, in which 180 one-day age chicks of the unsexed Ross 308 strain were used. The chicks were distributed randomly into 4 treatments that included each treatment (3 replicates at an average of 15 chicks for each replicate). The transactions were divided into The first (control) treatment was without addition, the second, third and fourth treatments included the addition of dandelion leaf powder at a concentration (1.0,1.5,2.0) g/kg feed respectively. The results showed that there was a significant increase (P<0.05) for T2 and T4 birds in the mean live body weight and total weight gain, with a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the total feed consumption rate and obtaining the best feed conversion factor for T4 birds compared to the rest of the treatments. In addition, there was a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations of the two treatments T2 and T4 birds, with a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the cholesterol concentration and a significant increase (P<0.05) in the Glutathione peroxidase concentration in the blood serum of T4 treatment birds compared to With the other treatments, a significant decrease (P <0.05) of Malnualdehyde concentration (MDA) was obtained for all additive treatments compared to control. We conclude from this that adding dandelion leaf powder at a concentration of (1.0, 2.0) g / kg feed to the broiler chickens diet has a positive effect on improving the productivity and some physiological traits of broiler chickens.
The Inhibitory Action Of (Ag-Nanoparticles) On Microorganism In The Root Canal Necrosis.
Authors: Kadhim Wijdan Abdulameer , Daily Zina Ali , Mohsen Shaymaa Fadhel , Chasib Yusra Hassab
Published: May 2021

Our current research includes the manufacture of silver nanoparticles in a biological way, and their use in treating one of the diseases that affects teeth, which is the root canal necrosis. These nanoparticles act as an antibiotic that prevents the growth of bacteria and fungi at the site of caries that occurred in the dead root canal, and thus acts as a treatment for such and other pathological conditions caused by microbes to the teeth, which consequently lead to periodontitis. Infections on periodontal tissue due to root canal decay represent a natural response to biological defense, which is affected by the presence of microbial activity at the site of infection. The inflammatory response model is the same in any other part of the human body. Therefore, this inflammation is able to cause harmful consequences in the area around the decayed root canal that has not been properly treated when the filling is imprecise. The microorganisms that were diagnosed from the isolates that were taken from the place of decay are (Streptococcus
sp., Staphylococcus
aureus
sp., Candida
sp., Actinomyces
sp., Actinobacillus
sp., Bacillus sp.), in different proportions (37.6 %, 18 %, 16.4 %, 12.8 %, 9.5 %, 5.7 %), respectively. And after the process of producing silver nanoparticles, it was used in vitro to inhibit the growth and kill of these types of microorganisms, and thus eliminate inflammation originating in the root canal through the validity of using these nanoparticles as an irrigation agent or sealer in endodontics and an oral antiseptic in the form of an oral rinse, or any other method chosen by specialists in preventing the growth of microbes at the site of infection.
CELLS IMMOBILIZATION OF SOME MICROORGANISMS AS A TOOL FOR BIOREMEDIATION : B- ASPERGILLUS NIGER
Authors: Faez Hala , Jebur Al-Mamoori Ayad Mohammed
Published: May 2021

Current study included the use of immobilization technique (using sodium alginate and calcium chloride) for Fungi (Aspergillus niger) and studying their efficiency in treating some heavy metals such as Lead and cadmium. Standard solutions of lead and cadmium at concentrations (10, 20 and 30) ppm were used. Heavy metals concentrations were measured by atomic absorption device and the correlation between the heavy metals and the immobilized cells was measured by FTIR &SEM techniques. The results of current study show the lead concentrations after treatment by immobilized Aspergillus niger were (6.75, 11.6 and 13.9) ppm respectively, and the removal efficiency was (32.4,42and 54)%. Cadmium Concentrations after treatment were (3.7, 6.16 and 8.62 ) ppm respectively, whereas removal efficiency in was (63,69 &71)% respectively. Current study showed a correlation between cells & heavy metals which principally included with bioadsorption surface for it and that morphological alterations in cells were occur because of the bioadsorption for heavy metals and the porous that found on cells surface that lead to enter the heavy metals to inner surface and increase the removal efficiency, all results of SEM were appear alteration in the surface cells shape by binding the lead and cadmium at the surfaces.
Statistical Remote Sensing for Prediction of Inland Water Quality Parameters for Shatt Al-Arab River in Iraq
Authors: Abbas Malik R. , Bin Rasib Abd Wahid , Ahmad Baharin Bin , Abbas Talib R.
Published: May 2021

In this study, the empirical approach besides the methods multilinear regression was followed to generate the predictive mathematical models to estimate the water quality parameters values in the surface water of the Shatt Al-arab River which is located southern part of Iraq. And to show both benefits and the viability of using Landsat 8 optical spectral images to estimate some of the water quality parameters concentration. The daily water quality data archive for the of the total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity (E.C), Nitrate (NO3), and potential hydrogen ions (pH) of the water in four seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn) distributed along three years (2013, 2014, and 2015), was collected from four ground stations along of the Shatt Al-arab River. The objective of the study was to generate seasonal empirical mathematical models for the (open time) that can be used every year, without the need for calibration every time. Optical data were corrected to remove radiometric and atmospheric error sources effects prior to the developing the models. Multiple regression analysis between measured water quality parameters of the ground stations and the reflectance of the pixels corresponding to the sampling stations was used to generate these models. Determination coefficients (R2) of the proposed mathematical models were between 0.83-0.99. The percentage error between predicted and measured values for these models were between 0.03% -12%. The results of this work indicate the novelty of the approach used to generated these mathematical models for the open time for any year but in the each season. These models are reliable to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of TDS, E.C, NO3, and pH. So models generated from Landsat 8 can be used as a tool to facilitate the environmental, economic, and social management of the surface waters bodies like a Shatt Al-arab River.
A comparative study to estimate the ability of three waste organic materials to remove methylene blue and Congo red Dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: Al-Defiery M E , Al Muttairi A K , Omran A , Yasin A M , Kazam M S
Published: May 2021

The current study was done in order to find the efficiency of (spent tea leaves, orange peels, pomegranate peels) as adsorbents to remove industrial dyes; Congo red and methylene blue dyes. the results show that the three proposed adsorbents have a low to moderate ability to remove the dyes. The results show that depleted the tea leaves have a higher ability than orange peels and the pomegranate peels being the lowest in removing the methylene blue dye, while for the Congo red dye removal the orange peels were the highest followed by pomegranate peels and the lowest was the depleted tea leaves.
Effect of Metals ( Au, Ag, and Ni) as Cathode Electrode on Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Assi Ahmed A. , Saleh Wasan R. , Mohajerani Ezzedine
Published: May 2021

Gold, silver and nickel used as electrodes in the fabrication of perovskite solar cell by using thermal evaporation deposition method with direct structure FTO\ TiO2\ MAPbI3\ spiro-MeOTAD\ metal electrode. The cell efficiency was compared between the electrodes material as a function of time to explaining the effect of these metals electrode on cell performance, X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the samples that contain gold and nickel do not contain a compound indicating the interaction of the metal with the components of the cell or the formation of a new compound, while in the cell containing silver it was found that silver iodide is formed after the passage of time. Under standard AM1.5 illumination, the device shows a power conversion efficiency of 4.42%, 3.50%, and 1.61% for Au, Ni and Ag electrodes respectively. Devices with Au and Ni give same behaviours where reduce efficiency after 7day to 20% but for Ag reduce efficiency to 80%. The results revealed that, Nickel can become the best choice as an electrode for the perovskite solar cell in terms of price and efficiency approach to gold.
Removal of Phenol Dye by CoFe
2

O

4

-CdFe

2

O

4
Nanocomposites
Authors: Hadi Assel Amer , Fairooz Nada Y. , Atiyah Abbas J. , Al-Khalaf Alaa K. H.
Published: May 2021

This work includes the study of adsorption of phenol red dye by using spinel Co1-

xCdxFe2O4 was prepare by Co-precipitation method at different ratios of (0.2:0.8, 0.5:0.5, 0.8:0.2) and calcinations at temperature 600 0C for three hours. The conclusion showed that (0.5:0.5) percentage has high activity than other ratio at different temperature. The prepared powder was differentiated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Technique (FT-IR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Phytoplankton community within Al-Auda marsh in maysan province southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Thahaibawi Basim M. H. , Al-Mayaly Ithar K. A. , Al-Hiyaly Sedik A. K.
Published: May 2021

Phytoplankton assemblage in relation to physical and chemical characteristics of water in Al-Auda marsh of Maysan province southern Iraq was assessed from November 2012 to July 2013. Six sampling sites were chosen to examine all phytoplankton species in the study area. A total of 246 species and seventy-five genera have been recognized belonging to twelve phytoplankton classes as follows: Bacillariophyceae (106 taxa), Chlorophyceae (34 taxa), Euglenophyceae (29 taxa), Cyanophyceae (29 taxa), Conjugatophyceae (19 taxa), Mediophyceae (10 taxa), Cryptophyceas (5 taxa), Coscinodiscophyceae (4 taxa), Chrysophyceae (4 taxa), Dinophyceae (3 taxa), Trebouxiophyceae (2 taxa) whereas Compsopogonophyceae recorded only (one taxon).The finding showed class Bacillariophyceae dominated with (43.09%), followed by Chlorophyceae of (13.82%), then (11.79%) for each of Cyanophycean and Euglenophyceae. Mean ± standard deviation for water temperature was ranged between (14.3±1.6°C) during winter to (35.6±1.81°C) during summer, electrical Conductivity (2020±186μ.s/cm) during autumn to (6390±875μ.s/cm) during summer, total Phosphate 0.01±0.0 µg/l during winter to 0.3±0.08 µg/l during spring, and total nitrogen varied from 1.8±0.8 µg/l during winter to 6.9±0.5 µg/l during autumn. Seasonal distribution indicated that phytoplankton flourished predominantly during the summer and spring. The diversity index (H) recorded the highest value in spring and lowest value in autumn, Richness (D) and Evenness (E) indices achieved the highest values in spring, the lowest values in autumn. The Jaccard index (Ss%) recorded the highest similarity between autumn and winter, the lowest similarity was between autumn and spring. The results revealed Al-Auda marsh is mesotrophic according to phytoplankton composition.
Structural Properties of Aluminum Doped with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticle Theoretical study by Gaussian 09 program
Authors: Hilal Israa Hadi , Jabbar Rashid Hashim , Jabbar Shurooq Jasim
Published: May 2021

In this research paper study effect of adding aluminum to Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle various properties of the ground and excited electronic state of ZnO nanoparticle delve into theoretical methods of time-dependent on the density functional theory (TDDFT) was calculated from the Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) by the Gaussian 09 programs. The structural and spectral characteristics enumerated of zinc oxide nanoparticle and a nanocomposite through additive the concentration of aluminum particles such as (ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, hardness, and the electrophilic, density of states, IR spectra, and Raman spectra that showed a strong E2 mode a peak at nearly 323 cm-1 spectroscopy each calculated results by Gaussian 09 program which approximately with experimental results.
(The possibility of using biologically extracted chemical compounds as anti-corona virus.)
Authors: Mahdi Noor M. , Jawad Ohood Salman
Published: May 2021

Corona virus is a virus that has the ability to penetrate the wall of the inner epithelial lining of the lungs, and thus spread fear and panic in the hearts of ordinary people, as well as researchers. And once this virus began to be active in infecting people, starting with China and the rest of the world, scientists and researchers worked to search for appropriate treatment and appropriate prevention methods to get rid of the infection caused by this deadly virus. It is imperative to know a set of concepts related to this topic, including the most important general characteristics of the Coronavirus, as well as the structural structure and behavior of the host cell, including the cells of lung tissue in the human respiratory system. And how the virus affects cellular respiration, which leads to human death. Our current research deals with studying the possibility of using some naturally extracted chemical compounds as an anti-virus, specifically corona virus, based on the fixed proportions and quantities through which the mechanical effect of these compounds on Corona virus is observed, depending on previous studies in this field.
((effect of early feeding with zinc-methionine on improving growth performance and some biochemical characteristics of broilers))
Authors: Zaki Ali N. , Dakhel Hashim Hadi
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to find out the effect of injecting hatching eggs with zinc-methionine on the hatching characteristics, production performance, and some biochemical characteristics of broilers, where 300 eggs from broiler were used, and the eggs were divided into four treatments for each treatment 75 eggs injected with zinc-methionine at concentrations (0, 60, 80 and 100 ppm) and for the treatments T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively. From the hatched chicks, 45 chicks were taken from each treatment. They were divided into three replicates, each repeating 15 chicks. And these chicks were raised for 35 days. During the two experiments, we reached the following results: Significant superiority (P<0.05) for treatment T3 in the proportion of chicks hatching, live body weight, and total weight increase compared to the rest of the studied treatments, as there was a significant superiority (P<0.05) for the two treatments T2 and T1 in the percentage of embryo mortality compared with the rest of the studied treatments, as the results indicated a significant superiority (P<0.05) for treatment T1 in the feed consumed rate, there was a significant improvement (P<0.01) for the two treatments T4 and T3 in the feed conversion factor compared with the two treatments T2 and T1. Also, there was a significant superiority (P <0.05) for treatment T1 in the glutathione peroxidase and AST enzymes., ALT, and also manlodehydes.
Used Chemometric Method to Adsorption Fast Green Dye by Nano Charcoal Activated
Authors: Halboos Mohanad Hazim , AL Janabi Noorhan Farhan Awad
Published: May 2021

In this paper; the modern method was used to remove the Fast Green dye (FGD) from its aqueous solutions by chemometric separation. The Nano charcoal activated (NCA) was used to remove the (FGD), and the factors affecting the adsorption process were studied simultaneously to reduce the number of experiments followed and to rely on Box-Behnken design and the method of response surface by used STATISTICA 12 program. That gives the relationship between all the variables simultaneously. It was found that the removal efficiency reached 97.604%.
Impact of Physicochemical Parameters on Macroinvertebrates distribution attached to aquatic plants
Authors: Redha Hussein Ali , Lafta Al-Zurfi Sadiq Kadhum
Published: May 2021

The nutrients especially nitrate and phosphate have proven the main factor that affected the density of macroinvertebrates in the ecology of river. Four sites in two seasons (Spring and Summer) of 2020 have been selected to address the question of how the density of different aquatic macroinvertebrate attached to aquatic plants is correlated with physicochemical variables in the Euphrates river/Kufa city that considered the first study in Iraq. 19 taxa were diagnosis of macroinvertebrates attached to four aquatic plants (Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton crispus and Phragmites australis) during the study period. The Chironomidae genus was recorded in all aquatic plants. High diversity species appearance was recorded in an aquatic plant (Phragmites australis). The high density of macroinvertebrates recorded in spring than summer. temporal and spatial significant differences were found. Apparently, these spatial and temporal differences to be associated with variations in anthropogenic pressure, which differs in each area of the river. We observed a positive relationship between the PO4, NO3 and the density of macroinvertebrates attached with Phragmites australis and negative relationship between TDS and density of macroinvertebrates attached with Potamogeton crispus and found a negative relationship between BOD and density of macroinvertebrates attached with Hydrilla verticillata. These relationships suggest the physical and chemical variables affect the distribution of functional groups, abundance or biomass. There have been spatiotemporal variations in physical and chemical conditions of water associated with changes in the concentration of organic matter and nutrients.
Antihypertensive Effects of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Extract in Animal Model of Hypertension
Authors: Sutjiatmo Afifah Bambang , Vikasari Suci Nar , Bintussolihah Falna
Published: May 2021

Traditionally, purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is used as an antioxidant, anti-diarrhea, hemorrhoid medication, anti-hypertension, and blood circulation. This study aims to examine the antihypertensive effect of the ethanol extract of purslane in an animal model of hypertension with epinephrine induction. The ethanol extract of purslane was made in 50% ethanol solvent. The antihypertensive effect was tested by induction of epinephrine 0.25 mg/kg bw and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured non-invasively using the Kent Coda Scientific System. The dose of purslane ethanol extract were 27.5; 55, and 110 mg/kg bw, and Psropanolol 1.8 mg/kg bw was used as comparisons. The results showed that the ethanol extract of purslane at dose of 27.5; 55 and 110 mg/kg BW were able to suppress the increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure when compared to controls (p < 0.05). The antihypertensive effect of ethanol extract of purslane at a dose of 110 mg/kg bw gave the best results and was equivalent to propanolol (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of purslane had potential effect as an antihypertensive.
Proteolytic and Clot Lysis Activity Screening of Crude Proteases Extracted from Tissues and Bacterial Isolates of Holothuria Scabra
Authors: Hidayati Nur , Fuad Hayatun , Munandar Hendra , Zilda Dewi Seswita , Nurrahman Nurrahman , Fattah Miswar , Oedjijono Oedjijono , Samiasih Amin , Ethica Stalis Norma
Published: May 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading mortality causes in the last decades. The ailments are multifactorial characterized by excessive clot (thrombus) formation in the blood vessels. Thrombus could be degraded through thrombolysis mechanism by plasmin activated by various fibrinolysis agents including, urokinase, nattokinase, or streptokinase. However, the use of these agents is restricted by relatively high cost, short half-life, allergic reaction, and bleeding effects. The search for more economical and safer thrombolytic (clot lysis) agents are essential to address the underlying problem in CVD therapy. Among Holothurians, H. scabra has been known to have the highest protein content making it ideal substrate for protease enzymes including fibrinolytic types with clot lysis properties. However, isolation of a proteases with antithrombotic activities either from tissue or from bacteria of H. scabra has not been reported. This study aimed to screen proteolytic and clot lysis activities of crude protease extracts from tissue and bacteria isolated from fermented intestine of H. scabra. Crude protease of tissue of H. scabra was extracted by cold centrifugation, which activity was measured using UV-spectrophotometer. Crude protease of proteolytic bacteria selected by clear zones on skim milk agar (SMA) medium was isolated from nutrient broth (NB). Extracts showing proteolytic activity were subjected to gravimetry-based clot lysis test. As results, crude proteases isolated directly from the H. scabra’s tissue showed low proteolytic activities, thus were no proceed to clot lysis activity test. Crude protease extracted bacteria could show both proteolytic and clot lysis activities. In conclusion, based on this screening study, intestine of H. scabra is a rich source of proteolytic bacteria, some of them could produce crude enzymes showing competitive thrombolysis activities with Nattokinase. Thus, they appeared to have more potentials to be developed as thrombolysis agent than those directly extracted from the organism’s tissue.
Application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for Mapping Food Vulnerability in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Ketut Sardiana I
Published: May 2021

This study aims to map food vulnerability through geographic information system applications in the city of Denpasar. The research method is descriptive quantitative. The data collected consisted of spatial data in the form of administrative maps with the sub-district as the mapping unit, and attribute data consisted of indicators of food vulnerability based on approach of the food and nutrition surveillance system (FNSS) consisting of: agriculture (food availability), health (energy preference), and socioeconomic (poverty). Each indicator is scorched, the combination of these three indicators produces a composite value for the FNSS which indicates the level of food vulnerability in an area. The results showed that in all sub-districts in Denpasar City were classified as high-risk areas, characterized by indicators of high deficit serelia food production ( r < 0.95), indicators of malnutrition and deficiency (under weight) is classified as safe ( < 15%), and indicators of food utilization are classified as safe (pre-PF and PF-1 < 20%).
Green open space implementation on the underground building
Authors: Indira I N , Herdiansyah H
Published: May 2021

Green Open Space (GOS) as described as an open place to grow plants both naturally or intentionally planted. The arrangement of GOS on the underground building is of a similar type to the green roof design on buildings located at ground level. This is due to the similarity in the characteristics of the park on top of a building. Using a quantitative approach, the study presented the GOS visually, showed the area, the percentage of green plants, and the number of shade trees. This research used the model of Underground Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) as a representative of the underground building that can be further reviewed to be applied in DKI Jakarta. Underground GIS requires land in a natural environment but tries to maintain part of that environment with green space applied to the roof of the underground building. GOS is applied on the Underground GIS roof by implementing the intensive green roof. By considering public activity spaces and arranging vegetation layout, it is hoped that this Underground GIS can become a built environment that can reduce the ecological footprint, enhance benefits for the environment, and make the growth of urban space more sustainable and livable.
Integration of Village Development with the Company’s CSR Program in the Environmental Priority Program Formulation
Authors: Mardhia D , Kautsari N , Ayu I W , Hartono Y , Gunawan G
Published: May 2021

The village development program is still prioritized for infrastructure development and less community development. On the other side the company’s CSR program is still not in line with the village program so it is less a solution to the community’s problems. This study aims to identify environmental problems around the work area of Labuhan Sumbawa PLTD and determine short-term environmental priority programs that are integrated with the village development program. The method used is social mapping and need assessment. The results showed there were five problems on environmental aspects, namely the problem of garbage, the availability of clean water, air pollution, noise in the area around the Labuhan Sumbawa PLTD and the problem of greening. Formulation of priority programs that are integrated with Labuhan Sumbawa village development program including the provision of clean water networks, procurement of waste management infrastructure facilities, training and assistance on household scale waste management and clean water treatment training as well as greening and procurement of Green Open Space (RTH).
Citrus maxima Pectin as Superdisintegrant: Preparation and Evaluation of Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Orodispersible Film
Authors: Nining  , Elfiyani Rahmah , Nurhasanah Siti
Published: May 2021

Citrus maxima pectin has a function to serve as a superdisintegrant due to its hydrophilicity, its high methoxyl content, and its great affinity for water. It allows the acceleration of the disintegration time of the orodispersible film. This study aims to determine the superdisintegration effect of Citrus maxima pectin on orodispersible film characteristics. Initially, Citrus maxima pectins were extracted and evaluated for organoleptic properties, qualitative tests, loss on drying, ash content, equivalent weight, and methoxyl content. Orodispersible film of dextromethorphan hydrobromide was formulated in 5 formulas with varying concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. The films were evaluated for their organoleptic properties, uniformity of weight, thickness, tensile strength, elongation, pH, disintegration time, determination of content, and drug uniformity. The pectin from Citrus maxima has been successfully extracted to produce high purity and to include the type of HMP. Orodispersible film DH has been made and has met compendial standard parameters as they showed to have disintegration time of 48.5-59 seconds, a tensile strength of 20.59-32.45 kg/cm2, and elongation of 38.8-44%. The results showed that the increasing concentration of Citrus maxima pectin will accelerate the disintegration time, increase the elongation, and decrease the tensile strength.
The Effect Of Transfer Of Land Function On The Development Of Te Area Through Community Empowement
Authors: Tarigan R.R.A , Tarmizi H.B. , Purwoko A , Ginting R.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of land use change on regional development in Deli Serdang Regency and to analyze the effect of land use change through community empowerment on regional development in Deli Serdang Regency. The research design used exploratory research and descriptive research. This research was conducted in the area of Deli Serdang Regency with boundaries on areas that have changed land functions. The research area includes 5 districts, namely Sunggal District, Namorambe District, Hamparan Perak District, Pancur Batu District and STM Hilir District. The design of this study is a study looking at independent variables that directly affect land use change and through community empowerment towards regional development. Data analysis with moderating analysis. Overall the results of data processing by conducting suitability tests and statistical tests. The result of this research is that land conversion has a significant positive effect on regional development in Deli Serdang Regency. Community empowerment can moderate the effect of land use change in a significant positive manner on regional development in Deli Serdang Regency.
Evaluation of Ipomea carnea Growth Response in Plant Media That was Exposed by Sidoarjo Mud
Authors: Sutarman S.C , Pamungkas S , Arifin M. Abror
Published: May 2021

Krangkungan (Ipomea carnea ssp. Fistulosa) is a wild plant that has the ability to remediate wetlands polluted by toxic substances. Investigation of I. carnea’s ability to survive and thrive on land exposed to Sidoarjo mud is needed to enrich information for future management. This study aims to determine the relationship of Sidoarjo mud concentration to 30% levels and incubation period of planting up to 70 days after planting on the growth rate and production of plant biomass. Sidoarjo mud-free krangkungan seedlings were transferred into polybags containing planting media with Sidoarjo mud composition and normal soil 0: 100%, 10: 90%, 20: 80%, and 30: 70% each as many as four plants. Observation of plant growth starts from 10 days after planting (HST) to 80 HST. The incubation period or observation time with the 10-day interval (10-70 HST) and sludge concentration are independent variables in the linear regression model related to growth and production of biomass as the dependent variable at the 5% real level. Linear regression analysis of data obtained using the SPSS statistical analysis package (version 18). Sidoarjo mud and incubation time affect the decrease in height growth rate, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and weight of I. carnea in 70 days after incubation of planting. I. carnea is able to grow well in soil mixed with mud up to a concentration of 30% even though the rate of growth and production of biomass decreases compared to lower mud concentration and without mud. Conservation of I. carnea on land that has been exposed to Siudoarjo mud has a prospect for the use of this weed for various purposes.
Village Development Program for Producing Iodized Salt for Sustainable Development Community
Authors: Mardhia D , Syafikri D , Yahya F , Andriyani N , Gunawan G
Published: May 2021

Setia Kawan Group is the partner of Samawa University in the Partner Village Development Program (PPDM) in producing iodized salt. The assistance provided to the Setia Kawan Group aims to overcome the problems faced by the group, especially the low salt production quality and quantity as well as the low salt prices which affect their business’s development negatively. The methods of carrying out PPDM activities include counseling, training, equipment procuring, and assisting. With assistance through PPDM, the quantity of salt production has increased to 40 tons. In terms of quality, the salt meets the requirements of iodized salt raw material. So far, Setia Kawan Group sells salt only in the form of Krosok salt at a price of Rp 2,000 per kg. The production of iodized salt will definitely increase the income of Setia Kawan Group. Iodized salt is sold at Rp. 3,000 per 400 grams. If it is calculated, the income of the Setia Kawan Group increased by Rp.5,500/Kg.
Monthly Rainfall Components in Ambon City: Evidence from the Serious Time Analysis
Authors: Sinay Lexy J. , Kembauw Esther
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to prove whether rainfall in Ambon City contains seasonal components based on the characteristics of monthly rainfall history data in Ambon City. The data used is monthly rainfall data in Ambon City 2005.01-2017.12. The data is time series data from the BMKG Meteorology Station observation in Maluku Province. The time series analysis method used is ARIMA / SARIMA and Holt-Winter Exponential Smoothing. The results of this study have a good level of accuracy, namely using the results of analysis based on the values of information criteria, Ljung-Box Test, and RMSE. The results of the analysis prove that rainfall in Ambon City has a seasonal pattern.