bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Flow Field Super-resolution Strategy for Direct Numerical Simulation Based on Physics-informed Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Ouyang Hanqing , Zhu Zhicheng , Zheng Weixiong , Hao Jia
Published: February 2024

In the computational fluid dynamics method, the discretization of the solution domain has an important impact on the calculation results. The higher resolution grid improves the solution accuracy and is accompanied by a significant increase in the calculation time. How to improve efficiency under the premise of ensuring accuracy is of great significance in engineering. To this end, we propose a super-resolution strategy for direct numerical simulation (DNS): take the numerical simulation results at low-resolution grid as the initial solution, construct a model for super-resolution utilizing the convolutional neural networks, and embed the flow governing equations in the model to modify the initial solution. The proposed method is verified in the engineering case of pipeline transportation of non-Newtonian fluids. The results show that this strategy can improve the solution accuracy and shorten the simulation time. The deviation between the high-resolution results reconstructed by the model and the high-resolution flow field simulated by DNS is 63.18% lower than that of the low-resolution one simulated by DNS, and the calculation time is saved by 84.65%.
Design and Analysis of New Hydrogen Oxygen Pneumatic Proportional Reducing Pressure Valve
Authors: Yang Dongsheng , Xie Wen , Hu Liming , Chen Chen , Guo Menglei , Zhou Xiaolei , Yang Qingjun
Published: February 2024

The pneumatic proportional pressure reducing valve is the main pressure control component in the fuel cell gas supply system, which directly affects the performance of the entire fuel cell system. Based on the research background of the hydrogen oxygen fuel cell gas supply system, a set of pneumatic proportional pressure reducing valves suitable for hydrogen oxygen gas environments was designed. Through structural design and multi-parameter analysis, the structural parameter design optimization and characteristic analysis of the proportional valve were proposed. It can provide high-precision and high stability gas control capabilities for fuel cell systems, and provide support for engineering applications.
Analysis of Stud Spacing on the Mechanical Behaviour of Steel-Concrete Composite Beam under Uniform Load
Authors: Hu Di , Wu Jingwei
Published: February 2024

The stud spacing significantly affects the bond strength and interracial slip between steel and concrete of thin-walled steel-concrete composite beams, and it interacts with shear lag and shear deformation to affect the structural deflection and sectional stresses. In this paper, a new interracial slip model considering the influence of stud spacing and stud shear stiffness is proposed first, then a potential energy equation of a simply supported steel-concrete composite beam under vertical uniform load considering the coupled effect of interracial slip, shear lag and shear deformation is obtained, and the calculation formulae for structural deflections and sectional stresses are derived, in which the parameter of stud spacing is explicitly shown. The comparison between the observed data in the completed experiment with the theoretical values using the presented formulae and the design code formulae are fulfilled, showing that the presented formulae hold agreeable calculation precise. The proposed formulae can be used to estimate the influence of stud spacing on the mechanical behaviour of steel-concrete composite beams in the preliminary design.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Elinvar Properties of a 40NiCrTiAl Alloy
Authors: Yang Yongzhe , Xu Xiangyu , Wang Xuemin , Shang Chengjia
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and Elinvar properties of a cold-rolled 40NiCrTiAl alloy. This study utilizes optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy backscattered electron imaging, secondary electron imaging, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis to observe the precipitation behavior and determine the composition within the material. The results show that the 40NiCrTiAl Elinvar alloy at aging temperatures of 600-700°C, spherical precipitates appear within the grains. At approximately 700°C and with an aging time of around 2 hours, the precipitate volume reaches a peak, and the Young’s modulus and Elastic modulus temperature coefficient also reach their respective peaks. These elastic performance indicators exhibit a strong linear relationship with the degree of precipitate formation. These findings are important for a deeper understanding of the application potential and performance optimization of this Elinvar alloy.
Design of Viscoelastic Damped Plate Structures with a Multi-Material Topology Optimization Method
Authors: Li Zhuang , Huang Qibai
Published: February 2024

A viscoelastic damping layer attached to the plate structure can control vibrations but increases mass. Involving multiple viscoelastic materials, the contribution of different materials needs to be evaluated and allocated. In the paper, a topology optimization model is proposed to find distributions of different viscoelastic materials adopting a multi-material level set method, for maximizing single-order or multi-order modal loss factors. Limited by material volume fraction, the variational principle is applied to establish the velocity field, and the problem is solved by a gradient-based method. Numerical examples are performed to illustrate that loss factors of composite plate structures can be maximized with optimal distributions obtained from the multi-material level set method.
Design and Analyses of a Novel Reconfigurable Logging Branch Mechanism
Authors: Shi Yuanyuan , Peng Jiangying , Liao Yifeng
Published: February 2024

A reconfigurable logging and branch-lopping mechanism has been designed to shorten the production cycle, reduce work intensity, and improve labor survival rate in the logging industry. The mechanism integrating logging and branch-lopping functions can flexibly morph into three con-figurations, namely, series, parallel and mixed, as well as eight structure states to satiate different requirements. Not only does it possess sufficient stiffness to fell large trees but it also offers high flexibility to trim and crop small branches which superior performance has relatively wide engineering application prospects. The kinematics and static stiffness of the mechanism are the key techniques for its engineering application. With the mechanism as the research object, the working principles were analysed and the adjacency matrix of each structure state was presented. The Screw Theory and CGK formula were deployed to calculate the degrees of freedom of some of the structure mechanisms. The kinematics of some of the structure states was analysed and their flexibility matrices were obtained with vector algebra. The static stiffness of two structure states was compared indirectly by contrasting their flexibility matrices before their kinematics was simulated numerically. Engineering application of the mechanism in welding robots, robots that pick up objects, cleaning robots and other fields is demonstrated towards the end of this paper.
Unsupervised Deep Transfer Learning Method for Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Improved Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Xu Fan , Hong Duo , Tian Yawen , Wei Naizhen , Wu Jianwei
Published: February 2024

As a critical component widely used in mechanical equipment, the implementation of intelligent fault diagnosis for rolling bearings can improve the reliability of equipment. In this paper, a method named JMMD-CKDSCNet is proposed to address the task of fault diagnosis under unsupervised domain discrepancy scenarios. First, the convolutional kernel dropout (CKD) mechanism is introduced in the convolutional layer, and partial convolutional kernel weights are set to be inactive during the training process using the random mask. Second, skip connection (SC) fuses the features of multiple shallow layers to preserve and transfer the original features. Finally, domain alignment is achieved using joint maximum mean discrepancy (JMMD), which measures the joint distribution between different domains with feature discrepancies under the condition that the target domain lacks labeled data. The experimental results demonstrate that CKDSCNet exhibits superior generalization performance and outperforms other models in terms of diagnostic accuracy and model performance. Compared with other domain adaptation methods, JMMD has significant superiority, proving the application value of JMMD-CKDSCNet.
Research on the Failure Mechanism and Solution Strategy for Friction Braking of Electric Hoists
Authors: Wang Songlei , Liu Fang , Jin Hui
Published: February 2024

The electromagnetic braking motor, which combines cylindrical motors with electromagnetic brakes, has gradually been widely used in the lifting mechanism of electric hoists. This configuration of electric hoists usually has a large difference in lifting speed between fast and slow, and the highest speed can reach the lowest speed Liu Bei. During the process of rapid sudden braking and sudden switching between fast and slow speeds, it is easy to generate a large amount of braking slip, posing a huge challenge to friction braking. In response to the issue of excessive brake slip of a wire rope electric hoist, the mechanism causing the excessive brake slip was analysed, and a solution was provided. This paper analyses the methods of shortening braking time and reducing braking slip from mechanical, electrical, and control aspects, with a focus on the impact of rectifier and brake response delay on braking deceleration time and braking slip amount.
Research on the Cumulative Damage Law of Surrounding Rock under Cyclic Blasting Action
Authors: He Rui
Published: February 2024

In order to study the cumulative damage characteristics and laws of rock masses under cyclic blasting loads, based on the finite element software ANSYS/LS-dyna and the HJC constitutive model, a single blasting damage analysis is conducted first, and the accuracy of the results is verified. On this basis, numerical simulation studies on the cumulative damage of rock masses under cyclic blasting are carried out separately. The results indicate that the cumulative damage evolution cloud map of the rock mass under cyclic blasting is similar to that of a single blasting action, showing an inverse S-shape overall. The damage increment of the rock mass decreases with the increase of blasting times, and in the central area of the damage zone, the rock mass is particularly affected by the superimposed effect of cyclic blasting loads. Cyclic blasting fully reflects the accumulation of damage to the rock mass under multiple cyclic blasting loads, and there is a certain relationship between rock mass damage and the distance between the blasting centers. As the distance between the blasting centers increases, the amount and increment of rock mass damage generated by blasting continue to decrease.
Influence of Blasting on Anchoring Force of Long Anchor Cable Passing through the Karst Cave
Authors: Zhao Yiwei , Xu Lin , Wang Fei , Ye Chenmin
Published: February 2024

In order to study the effect of blasting on the anchoring force of long anchor cable through the karst cave, numerical simulation method is used, relying on a subway station pit support project, respectively, to explore the location of the karst cave, the diameter of the karst cave and the modulus of elasticity of the karst cave filler on the anchoring force of the long anchor cable through the karst cave under the effect of blasting. The results show that when the anchor cable anchoring section through the length of the karst cave the longer or the smaller the modulus of elasticity of the karst cave filler, the smaller the loss of anchor cable anchoring force before and after blasting; when the core of the karst cave and the distance from the pile is 10m, the loss of anchor cable anchoring force is the smallest; when the diameter of the karst cave is 4.46m or the modulus of elasticity of the karst cave filler is 13.3MPa, the void effect of the cavity absorbs the blasting energy, and the anchor cable anchoring force will not be lost after the blast. not be lost.
Research on Position Error Prediction and Compensation of Direct Drive Turntable Based on WOABP Network
Authors: Chen Xiumei , Liu Jiachi , Lin Haochun , Xu Youmin
Published: February 2024

A method to identify the position error of direct drive numerical control turntable by measuring current and eccentric load is proposed, and the position error model of direct drive numerical control turntable based on whale Optimized BP (WOABP) neural network is established. The test-bed is built to measure the current, eccentric load and position error. The measured current and eccentric load are trained by WOABP neural network, and the position error of direct drive numerical control turntable is obtained. By comparing the original error, the error obtained by BP neural network and the error obtained by WOABP neural network, the effectiveness of WOABP neural network model is verified. The position error of direct drive numerical control turntable is compensated by the error obtained by the model.
Design and Improvement of the Connection Between the Steel Wire Rope and Shell for Cobalt-60 Afterloading Source Whip
Authors: Yang Dacai , Lin Yutong , Li Junlin , Zhu Wenlian
Published: February 2024

This article studied a novel connection method between the steel wire rope and the outer shell of a cobalt-60 afterloading brachytherapy source delivery whip. The performance requirements for the connection between the steel wire rope and the shell are described by analyzing the structural characteristics and usage environment of the source whip. Multiple joint forms and process ideas are proposed and explored. After repeated testing and improvement, a set of embedded adhesive bonding connection methods is finally proposed. The small-diameter cobalt-60 afterloading radiation source whip produced by this method meets the requirements of experimental verification and clinical use, effectively solving the problem of connection between the radiation source shell and steel wire rope.
Optics design and correction challenges for the high energy booster of FCC-ee
Authors: Chance A. , Dalena B. , Da Silva T. , Mashal A. , Migliorati M. , Ghribi A. , Rajabi A. , Zimmermann F.
Published: February 2024

One of the major upcoming challenges in particle physics is
achieving precise measurements of the Z, W, and H bosons, as well as
the top quark. To meet these targets, the next e+e- collider complex, FCC-ee, will need to achieve unprecedented
luminosities. The FCC-IS European Study is investigating the
feasibility of these challenges, with a cornerstone of the study
being the design and optimization of the high-energy booster
(HEB). This paper provides an update on the status of the HEB of
FCC-ee in light of recent developments in the injector and collider
survey, as well as an overview of ongoing work on longitudinal
stability and design robustness in relation to field, alignment, and
diagnostics errors. Constraints and effects related to the design
frequency of the accelerating cavities, as well as collective
effects, are also highlighted. Lastly, the paper presents an
investigation into an alternative arcs cell design.
Plan for development of circular colliders with Crab Waist at BINP
Authors: Bogomyagkov A. , Levichev E. , Sinyatkin S.
Published: February 2024

All modern electron-positron collider designs use Crab Waist
collision scheme as a basic principle for substantial luminosity
increase. However, this approach has strong demands on beam dynamics
and technical collider design, which are very difficult to
satisfy. This paper discusses a program to study fundamental
features of Crab Waist collision scheme at Budker Institute of
Nuclear Physics.
Touschek lifetime and luminosity optimization for Russian Super
Charm Tau factory
Authors: Bogomyagkov A. , Levichev E. , Sinyatkin S.
Published: February 2024

Electron-positron collider Super Charm Tau factory is
planned to be built in the National center for physics and
mathematics, Sarov. It is a double ring collider with crab waist
collision scheme operating in wide beam energy range from 1.5 GeV
to 3.5 GeV with peak luminosity of 1035 cm-2s-1. The polarized electron
source and three Siberian Snakes provide 80% longitudinally
polarized electron beam at 2 GeV. Superconducting wigglers
decrease damping times, effects of intra-beam scattering and
increase Touschek beam lifetime, particularly at low energy. The
paper presents the status of collider design and optimization of
luminosity and beam lifetime.
Beam injection and beam quality in injector LINAC and in beam transport lines at SuperKEKB
Authors: Funakoshi Y. , Iida N. , Kikuchi M. , Mori T. , Natsui T. , Ohnishi Y. , Satoh M. , Seimiya Y. , Yoshimoto T.
Published: February 2024

At SuperKEKB, the maximum beam currents and the luminosity
could be limited by the beam injection in the near future. We
estimated requirements to the beam injection to achieve the next
target luminosity of 1 × 1035cm-2s-1. Two cases of β
y
* = 1 mm and
0.8 mm are considered. A simulation shows that we need to suppress
the emittance growth of the injecting positron beam in the beam
transport (BT) line down to its design value to meet the requirement
with β
y
* = 1 mm. In the case of β
y
* = 0.8 mm, we
need to improve dynamic aperture of LER in addition to the
suppression of the emittance growth. Efforts to improve the beam
quantity and quality in LINAC and in BT are summarized. The present
most serious problem concerning quality of the injecting beams is
emittance growth in the BT lines for both electron and positron
beams. Simulations and experiments show that the effects of ISR and
CSR in the BT lines cause a large horizontal emittance growth of the
electron beam. Several measures to suppress the emittance growth are
under considerations.
Geodetic, survey and alignment challenges of the FCC-ee
Authors: Mainaud Durand H. , Watrelot L. , Weyer B.
Published: February 2024

At CERN, each generation of particle accelerators led to the
implementation of new geodetic, survey and alignment methodologies
following the increasing accuracy requirements and the evolution of
survey instruments. The Future Circular Collider (FCC), representing
the next generation of particle accelerator, will in its turn
require new development to ensure the accomplishment of the
construction of the 91 km tunnel and the correct positioning of the
machine components. Mainly because of larger size of the machine but
also due to the design of its components, the existing geodetic
infrastructure has to be extended and upgraded. The accelerator
component alignment methodology currently used in not scalable, and
the Machine Detector Interface alignment procedure must be revised
including monitoring of the alignment. The article summarizes the
different aspects of the geodetic, survey and alignment challenges
that are currently investigated during the FCC feasibility studies.
First considerations on the supporting structures of FCC-ee booster and collider in the arc regions
Authors: Carra F. , Baudin L. , Bauche J. , Artoos K. , Atieh S. , Bertarelli A. , Brunner O. , Capatina O. , Chance A. , Chemli S. , Corso J.P. , Coupard J. , Dalena B. , Di Castro M. , Etheridge J. , Garion C. , Grillot S. , Guinchard M. , Hanke K. , Eriksson C.J. , Kersevan R. , Losito R. , Mainaud Durand H. , Niewiem W. , Oide K. , Osborne J. , Raubenheimer T. , Rorison S. , Tetrault C. , Timmins M. , Tock J.-Ph. , Valchkova-Georgieva F. , Von Freeden L. , Zimmermann F.
Published: February 2024

In 2022, the FCC Feasibility Study management mandated a
working group to analyse the best configuration of the FCC-ee tunnel
in the arc regions, in view of the construction of a mock-up of the
arc half-cell. One of the main and most challenging goals of the
study, named FCC-ee Arc Half-Cell Mock-up Project, was to
perform a preliminary investigation on the principles of supporting
the Short-Straight Sections and dipoles of the half-cells, both for
the booster and for the collider machines. This is an important
input needed for the choice of the best configuration of the
relative placement of the booster with respect to the collider. The
structural stiffness, mass and stability of the supporting
structures must be optimized to minimize the vibrations
transmitted/transferred to the magnetic system of the accelerators
by elements such as pumps, water cooling system, beam
thermomechanical stresses, powering elements, etc. To perform the
study, tools such as CAD software, FEM and analytical techniques
were employed. This paper summarizes the preliminary design concepts
and the results of the simulations performed.
CEPC survey and alignment
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Li Yuhui , Dong Lan , Wang Tong , Liang Jing , Ma Na , Yao Yibin
Published: February 2024

For CEPC such big size machine survey and alignment, several
key issues need to be considered: the measurement and data
processing method, error accumulation control, the global and
relative accuracy, the measurement efficiency, component alignment
method and the deformation problem. To these issues an overall
survey and alignment scheme was made. The global datums will be
established for the measurement and data reduction. A multi-level
control network will be built for the global and relative position
control, the establish method and measurement method are introduced
and the accuracies are estimated. To the component alignment, the
schemes of fiducialization, pre-alignment and tunnel alignment are
introduced, the deformation problem was analysed and monitor
equipment will be applied. To improve the measurement efficiency a
new kind of instrument was designed, the prototype has been
fabricated and some experiments has been carried out.
Qualitative behaviors of a four-dimensional Lorenz system
Authors: Zhang Fuchen , Xu Fei , Zhang Xu
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the qualitative behaviors of an important four-dimensional Lorenz system with wild pseudohyperbolic attractor that proposed in (Gonchenko et al 2021 Nonlinearity
34 2018–47) are considered. Here, we prove that the four-dimensional Lorenz system with varying parameters is global bounded according to Lyapunov’s direct method. Furthermore, we provide a collection of global absorbing sets, where in addition we obtain the rate of the trajectories going from the exterior to the global absorbing set. In particular, we solve the critical case

k
→

0

+

that cannot be resolved by using the previous methods. The fundamental qualitative behaviors are analyzed theoretically and numerically. We present bifurcation diagrams to further explore the complicated dynamical behaviors of this system. The period-doubling bifurcation phenomenon is found. To illustrate the efficiency of our method, we present numerical simulations to show the validity of our research results. Finally, we present some applications of our research results in this paper.
Walkability assessment and pedestrian way planning on Mercedes Benz Road Corridor, Cicadas, Bogor Regency
Authors: Hayati N N , Sulistyaningtyas G , Nawir Daud , Ishak S Z
Published: February 2024

A pedestrian way is a space for pedestrians to walk safely. Walkability is a conceptual term for measuring connectivity and quality levels of various pedestrian ways. Walkability assessment can be measured by assessing the infrastructure available for pedestrians. The Mercedes Benz Road, Cicadas, Bogor Regency is the location used as the research object. It is used as a research location because the land use is dominated by trade and services as many as 116 units and industry as many as 26 units. A large enough demand is not balanced with the procurement of pedestrian facilities that are adequate. This study aims to determine the level of walkability and the need for pedestrian walkways. The method used is the Global Walkability Index and the Greenshields model. The results of this study found that all segments are slightly walkable. In segment 1, 1.5 m and 2 m wide sidewalks were designed. In segment 2, 1.5 m and 1.7 m wide sidewalks were intended, and in segment 3, 2 m wide sidewalks were designed on each side.
Analysis of road performance due to trip generation from the development of Batang Integrated Industrial Estate
Authors: Antoro R D , Sumabrata R. J , Anumasta N T
Published: February 2024

The development of the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate (KIT Batang) is predicted to affect the performance of the surrounding roads. This study aims to analyze roads performance around industrial estate by referring to the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997 using a “modified four-step model” (overriding the mode choice stage). The result shows that in 2024, the presence of KIT Batang will not have a significant impact on the surrounding roads network. However in 2029, there will be a significant changes, indicated by worsening road performance—in this case referring to travel speed, service level, and volume-capacity ratio—where toll roads have shown an average level of service F. The do-something scenario is carried out by widening the toll and arterial roads in 2029. Analysis of simulation results shows improved performance on toll roads with an average service level from F to C and on arterial roads from C to B.
Origin-destination matrix estimation in Solo agglomeration with the maximum likelihood method
Authors: Agustin T , Millah M , Briliansyah F A , Ulya N F
Published: February 2024

The movement of vehicles is one form of fulfilling community needs. High vehicle movement can cause transportation problems, one of which is congestion. To overcome this problem, planning a transportation system is essential. Using the EMME/4 program, we analyzed the distribution of movements in the Origin Destination Matrix (MAT) using a gravity model. Using the User’s Equilibrium method, the study aims to determine the parameter β, data validity value (R2), and movement patterns. The research study area was carried out in Solo Agglomeration with 19 zones. The results indicate a β value of 0.0796 (R2 = 0.817), with an estimated Solo Agglomeration movement of 34428 passenger-car-units per hour in 2023. The most extensive distribution of movements occurred within internal movements, making up 62.85%, while the smallest were external-external movements, accounting only for 4.01%.
Traffic sign comprehension among motorcyclists: the effect of sign display and sign type
Authors: Maulina D , Irwanda D Y , Zahra P , Gittanty D , Faulina T , Putri F
Published: February 2024

The previous studies showed an inconsistent result for the effect of sign type on sign comprehension in different sign display. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effect of sign display (symbol+text or symbol-only) and sign type (warning sign, regulatory sign, or command sign) on traffic sign comprehension. A mixed experimental design was conducted on 100 young adult motorcyclists in the Jabodetabek area with two years of riding experience. In each sign, participants were measured their reaction time to comprehend the sign (sign comprehension time) and the accuracy of the meaning of the sign (sign comprehension level). The result showed that the effect of sign display depends on the type of traffic signs both in sign comprehension time and comprehension level. Based on the results, it can be inferred that further training and socialization are needed to increase riders’ comprehension of all types of traffic signs.
The development of an intermodal transportation area in Banyuwangi using the transit-oriented development approach
Authors: Sulistyono S , Koesoemawati D J , Pramudya A J
Published: February 2024

Public transportation is one of the means of transport people use to move from one city to another. This makes the integration of transportation in an urban area very necessary. This study discusses the concept of developing an integrated transportation area. This research was conducted in Ketapang Village, Kalipuro District, and Banyuwangi Regency. This area is very strategic if developed into a transportation integration area. This is because this area has a train station and port crossing, and a type A terminal will be built there. However, considering the current condition of the area, this potential has not been appropriately developed. This study aims to determine the suitability of the existing conditions with the concept of transit-oriented development and to determine development priorities that can be applied in this area using an analytical hierarchy process analysis (AHP) involving relevant agencies and stakeholders. The results of this study are the suitability of the existing field conditions with the concept of transit-oriented development and the arrangement of development priorities that can be applied to this area following the concept of transit-oriented development.
Simulation of the impact of tram operations on road network performances
Authors: Basuki K H , Purwanto D , Indriastuti A K , Ananda F R
Published: February 2024

The City government of Semarang has a plan to build a tram way in Semarang Old City Area as a public transportation mode to accommodate tourism activities. The existence of tram way can impact the performance of existing road network due to being built on existing roads side by side with other vehicles. Street network performances discussed in this paper are on the vehicle-kilometres travelled (VKT), and vehicle-hours travelled (VHT), to determine the aforementioned changes, traffic simulation was done with PTV VISSIM software. Vehicle-kilometres travelled decreased by 12,76%, vehicle-hours travelled increased by 10,54%. To minimize the impacts, two mitigation scenarios are simulated, mitigation 1 which is one-way system and mitigation 2 the combination of one-way system and signal optimizations. In mitigation scenario 1 the value of VKT decreased by 13,12%, VHT decreased by 0,65% compared to existing conditions. In mitigation scenario 2 the value of VKT decreased by 17,54%, VHT decreased by 4,93%.
Study of Integration of Greater Bandung BRT Service in Bandung City
Authors: Putra A C , Wibowo S S , Zukhruf F , Nawassa K N S
Published: February 2024

The Trans Metro Pasundan (BRT) requires a comprehensive review for network integration with existing modes like angkot, Damri Bus, Trans Metro Bandung (TMB), and commuter trains (KRD). This study aims to employ a GIS model to assess BRT integration in Bandung City through spatial and trip analysis. Key network integration indicators include: (1) overlap level; (2) area coverage within catchment areas; (3) the number of transfers between corridors; and (4) route availability. Analysis shows that the unclear intermodal hierarchy has caused high overlap level and low coverage areas. Low intermodal connectivity also leads to high number of transfers. These issues do not meet the concept of equity set out in the regulations. BRT overlap exceeds 60% with angkot and 90% with Damri, failing to enhance coverage in certain areas, particularly four eastward sub-districts, with catchment ratios of just 13% - 27%. Utilizing ArcGIS, 26 out of 900 trips between sub-districts, originating at BRT stops, require more than the regulation’s designated two corridor transfers. Route availability is measured by the walking distance needed to access a stop between routes, which remains below the 500-meter regulatory limit.
Addressing the occupancy problem of Soekarno-Hatta Airport rail link during its first five years of operation
Authors: Syarif A T , Syabri I
Published: February 2024

Airport rail links have long been acknowledged as a crucial component of the modern transportation system. Their attractiveness among air travellers stems from their convenience, speed, and environmental benefits. Despite their advantages, these services often face several occupancy problems that hinder their effectiveness and efficiency. Soekarno-Hatta airport rail link’s operation in 2018-2022 has been marked by low occupancy. This study aims to assess the realisations of several critical attributes of a successful airport rail link service according to TRB studies in the context of the Soekarno-Hatta airport rail link. In this context, it was shown that only four of the seven key attributes have met the minimal level to attain such goals. Despite numerous strategies undertaken during the period, which coincides with the COVID-19 pandemic, most fall under the operating or service adjustments category. The minimal realisations of the seven key attributes confirm the low occupancy levels, yet efforts to increase the ridership were limited during the pandemic. These findings provide avenues for a more successful transfer of operations from PT Railink to PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia with the clear intention of boosting the rail link’s ridership. Alongside several expansion plans by the Directorate General of Railways, the findings shall help public policymakers promote a modal shift and pave the way towards a broader integration with other modes of public transportation in the Jabodetabek region.
Perspective of senior citizens regarding intersectional equity on walkability
Authors: Adisaputro A K , Joewono T B , Hartieni P
Published: February 2024

With the current trend of exploring walkability measures using objective approach, it is essential not to overlook subjective perspectives. Intersectionality examines how heterogenous members of a specific group might have different experiences depending on several aspects of their identities, including gender, age, sexuality, ethnicity, religion, and other social factors. This study explores the influence of age on walkability perceptions, revealing that senior citizens have distinct perspectives on this matter compared to the average population. The study involved 392 senior citizens who rated various variables affecting their walkability. These ratings were then analyzed using Random Forest Classifier to identify key variables that predict their willingness to walk. The findings indicate that walkability is positively associated with senior citizens’ willingness to walk when certain variables are present, such as adequate lighting, evenness of pedestrian walks, short travel time to recreational facilities, availability of benches or resting spaces, the presence of family or friends during walks, the presence of security officers, availability of pedestrian walks, and the availability of social activities and gatherings. This study contributes to the understanding of intersectional equity in pedestrian facilities and provides considerations to its future development by including the perspective of senior age individuals.
Identifying heterogeneity in university students’ transport mode choice
Authors: Kriswardhana Willy , Esztergár-Kiss Domokos
Published: February 2024

College students are argued to have some interest in adopting alternative mobility solutions. Even though previous works have examined the transport mode choice of college students, the inclusion of shared mobility services is scarcely found. Thus, this study aims to examine the transport mode choice of university students by revealing the heterogeneity in transport mode usage frequency incorporating socio-demographic and travel characteristics as covariates in the latent class cluster analysis (LCCA) framework. The analysis results in four clusters. Clusters of public transport users and walkers are mostly characterized by lower-income students who can reach the university in less than 11 minutes. Private car users mostly fall into a cluster where students generally come from higher-income families. Policies supporting sustainable transportation among college students are discussed, including the mobility points around the university and public transport stops.
Performance of asphaltic concreate binder course (AC-BC) using gilsonite modified asphalt
Authors: Hanafi  , Rusgiyarto F , Juhara A
Published: February 2024

The road pavement structure is the most important part of the design and manufacture of highways, so there is a need for innovation in designing pavement to get a type of pavement that has good quality and is efficient in its design. At this time, many road pavements have suffered damage caused by poor quality. Gilsonite is a natural asphalt that has a relatively high asphalt content compared to other additives, which is 70.9%. In addition, Gilsonite has a maltene content of 27% and 2% oil, then has a nitrogen content of 3.2%. After that, to carry out this test, a test object was made with the addition of Gilsonite Resin using 3 variations of the addition, namely 6%, 7%, and 8%, and compared to the mixture without Gilsonite. The mixture using the addition of Gilsonite (6%, 7%, 8%) an increase in the stability value of the mixture using the addition of Gilsonite, but the flow becomes increased so the properties of the mixture have large deformations. From all the tests that have been carried out, the optimum Gilsonite content is 8%
Road Surface Identification, Roads (Tanah Tinggi – Jati Perumnas) Ternate City Using The PCI Method
Authors: Sabaruddin  , Rizky KS , Nurul I
Published: February 2024

The section (Highway of Tanah Tinggi – Jati Perumnas) is a primary local road as a road that connects the sub-districts of Central Ternate city and South Ternate city. the Tanah Tinggi – Jati Perumnas highway is a road that has a high traffic density on weekdays and weekends. As a main road, it is important to know the surface condition of this road. To find out the condition of the road surface, identification was carried out using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI). The identification results show that the Jalan Raya Tanah Tinggi – Perumnas Jati section in segment 5 (sta 200 to sta 250) obtained a total score of 23 with a reduction correction value of 24 resulting in a PCI score of 76 (very good), where the damage that occurred was: Bleeding, Polished Aggregate, Patching & util Cut Patching, Block Cracking, Long & Trans Cracking.
A current review on boron nitride nanotubes and their applications
Authors: Lenin Tamilkovan Adithya , Arumugam Pandurangan
Published: February 2024

BNNTs are the tubular variants of the ceramic compound hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and are known for their high thermal and chemical stability. The research on BNNTs is ever-evolving, researchers are on a quest to optimise the synthesis procedure for the nanomaterial. Here a variety of currently followed synthesis techniques were discussed and compared. X-ray diffraction patterns and electron microscopy results of BNNTs synthesised by various techniques were compared, this would give the pros and cons of each synthesis technique. Based on this, suggestions for the best-suited synthesis technique from an academic as well as industrial perspective were given. The individual properties of these nanotubes, along with their potential applications in the field of spintronics, surface wetting, and radiation capture were delineated.
The role of the coupling matrix elements in time-dependent density functional theory on the simulation of core-level spectra of transition metal complexes
Authors: Pak Sarah , Nascimento Daniel R
Published: February 2024

Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) stands out as an efficient tool for computing core-level spectra in large molecules, particularly transition metal complexes. However, despite their relatively moderate computational demands, TD-DFT methods can still pose challenges for typical computations involving transition metal complexes with over a thousand basis functions. In this study, we investigate the role of the Coulomb, Hartree–Fock exchange, and exchange-correlation kernel contributions to the TD-DFT coupling matrix elements when simulating core-level spectra in transition metal complexes. Our observations reveal that the exchange-correlation kernel contribution, responsible for more than 50% of the computational time in a hybrid TD-DFT calculation, surprisingly has no discernible impact on the qualitative aspects of the calculated spectra. While the Coulomb term plays a crucial role in describing

L

2
,
3

-edge spectra, its significance becomes negligible when considering K, L
1, and

M

4
,
5

edges. In contrast, the scaled Hartree–Fock exchange is demonstrated to be the most influential term, underscoring the necessity for hybrid density functional approximations in accurately simulating core-level spectra. These trends hold irrespective of the chosen basis set and exchange-correlation functional, providing valuable insights for the development of approximate methods for incorporating two-electron interactions within the realm of core-level spectroscopies.
Equivalence between the Fitness-Complexity and the Sinkhorn-Knopp algorithms
Authors: Mazzilli D , Mariani M S , Morone F , Patelli A
Published: February 2024

We uncover the connection between the Fitness-Complexity algorithm, developed in the economic complexity field, and the Sinkhorn–Knopp algorithm, widely used in diverse domains ranging from computer science and mathematics to economics. Despite minor formal differences between the two methods, both converge to the same fixed-point solution up to normalization. The discovered connection allows us to derive a rigorous interpretation of the Fitness and the Complexity metrics as the potentials of a suitable energy function. Under this interpretation, high-energy products are unfeasible for low-fitness countries, which explains why the algorithm is effective at displaying nested patterns in bipartite networks. We also show that the proposed interpretation reveals the scale invariance of the Fitness-Complexity algorithm, which has practical implications for the algorithm’s implementation in different datasets. Further, analysis of empirical trade data under the new perspective reveals three categories of countries that might benefit from different development strategies.
Understanding the pharmacokinetic journey of Fc-fusion protein, rhIL-7-hyFc using complementary approach of two analytical methods, accelerator mass spectrometry and ELISA
Authors: Kim Anhye , Oh Min-Seok , Lee Gwan-Ho , Song Seongeun , Byun Mi-sun , Choi Donghoon , Yu Byung-Yong , Lee Howard
Published: February 2024

Antibody-based therapeutics (ABTs), including monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies and fragment crystallizable region (Fc)-fusion proteins, are increasingly used in disease treatment, driving the global market growth. Understanding the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of ABTs is crucial for their clinical effectiveness. This study investigated the PK profile and tissue distribution of efineptakin alfa, a long-acting recombinant human interleukin-7 (rhIL-7-hyFc), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Totally, four rats were injected intramuscularly with 1 mg/kg of rhIL-7-hyFc containing 14C-rhIL-7-hyFc, which was prepared via reductive methylation. Serum total radioactivity (TRA) and serum rhIL-7-hyFc concentrations were quantified using AMS and ELISA, respectively. The TRA concentrations in organs were determined by AMS. Serum TRA peaked at 10 hours with a terminal half-life of 40 hours. The rhIL-7-hyFc exhibited a mean peak concentration at around 17 hours and a rapid elimination with a half-life of 12.3 hours. Peak concentration and area under the curve of TRA were higher than those of rhIL-7-hyFc. Tissue distribution analysis showed an elevated TRA concentrations in lymph nodes, kidneys, and spleen, indicating rhIL-7-hyFc’s affinity for these organs. The study also simulated the positions of 14C labeling in rhIL-7-hyFc, identifying specific residues in the fragment of rhIL-7 portion, and provided the explanation of distinct analytes targeted by each method. Combining ELISA and AMS provided advantages by offering sensitivity and specificity for quantification as well as enabling the identification of analyte forms. The integrated use of ELISA and AMS offers valuable insights for the development and optimization of ABT.
Bta-miR-301a targets ACVR1 to influence cleavage time and blastocyst formation rate of early embryos in cattle
Authors: Li Heqiang , Gao Jing , Wang Jingyi , Zhao Baobao , Ma Xiaonan , Zhang Bihan , Lv Changrong , Qiao Hailian , Wang Yongsheng , Qing Suzhu
Published: February 2024

Accumulating evidence indicates that paternally derived microRNAs play a crucial role in the development of early embryos and are regarded as the key factor in the successful development of somatic cell cloned embryos. In our previous study, bta-miR-301a was found to be highly expressed in bovine sperm and was delivered into oocytes during fertilization. In this study, bioinformatics, dual luciferase reporter assays, rescue experiments, and gain- and loss-of-function experiments indicated that ACVR1 is the target gene of bta-miR-301a in early bovine embryos. By microinjecting bta-miR-301a mimic into embryos of parthenogenetic or somatic cell nuclear transfer, we observed that bta-miR-301a prolonged the first cleavage time of the embryos and increased the blastocyst formation rate. Thus, this study provides preliminary evidence that bta-miR-301a influences remodeling of the microfilament skeleton, prolongs the first cleavage time, and improves the developmental competence of embryos by negatively regulating ACVR1 translation.
An amplicon-based protocol for whole-genome sequencing of human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A
Authors: Vazquez-Pérez Joel Armando , Martínez-Alvarado Eber , Venancio-Landeros Alberto Antony , Santiago-Olivares Carlos , Mejía-Nepomuceno Fidencio , Mendoza-Ramírez Enrique , Rivera-Toledo Evelyn
Published: February 2024

It is convenient to study complete genome sequences of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) for ongoing genomic characterization and identification of highly transmissible or pathogenic variants. Whole genome sequencing of hRSV has been challenging from respiratory tract specimens with low viral loads. Herein, we describe an amplicon-based protocol for whole genome sequencing of hRSV subgroup A validated with 24 isolates from nasopharyngeal swabs and infected cell cultures, which showed cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from 10 to 31, as determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. MinION nanopore generated 3200 to 5400 reads per sample to sequence over 93% of the hRSV-A genome. Coverage of each contig ranged from 130× to 200×. Samples with Ct values of 20.9, 25.2, 27.1, 27.7, 28.2, 28.8, and 29.6 led to the sequencing of over 99.0% of the virus genome, indicating high genome coverage even at high Ct values. This protocol enables the identification of hRSV subgroup A genotypes, as primers were designed to target highly conserved regions. Consequently, it holds potential for application in molecular epidemiology and surveillance of this hRSV subgroup.