bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
超声引导下风池穴温通针法治疗颈源性头痛的临床研究
Authors: 郑 淑洁 , 郑 强霞
Published: December 2020

目的：分析超声引导下风池穴温通针法治疗颈源性头痛的临床疗效。方法：选取平凉市康复中心医院 2018 年 6 月至2020 年 6 月期间接受治疗的颈源性头痛患者 120 例，采用随机数字表法分为 2 组，各 60 例。对照组给予传统针刺手法治疗，观察组采用超声引导下风池穴温通针法进行治疗，比较两组患者的治疗总有效、治疗前后 VAS 评分和伴随症状积分，以及治疗前后的颈椎功能障碍指数和头痛发作频次。结果：观察组的治疗总有效高出对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗 1 个月后，两组 VAS 评分、伴随症状积分均低于治疗前，有显著性差异（P＜0.05），且观察组评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗 1 个月后，观察组的颈椎功能障碍指数和头痛发作频次均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：临床上在治疗颈源性头痛患者时给予超声引导下风池穴温通针法治疗的效果更好，可降低患者的疼痛程度，减轻患者伴随症状，改善患者的颈椎功能。
肾上腺皮质激素在呼吸内科的临床应用效果讨论
Authors: 李 明磊
Published: December 2020

目的：新疆石河子大学医学院第一附属医院对在 2019 年收治的呼吸内科患者进行了简单的抽样调查和分析，最终得出肾上腺皮质激素作用于呼吸内科患者的治疗工作的效果。方法：就 2019 年所收治的呼吸内科的患者，医护人员进行了有效的分析，然后从中选取了 40 名患者参与此次的研究，并采取随机抽签的方式对其进行分组，治疗组和比较组，对于治疗组的患者，对其在传统的治疗方式的基础上，增加了肾上腺皮质激素治疗，而对于比较组患者，则采取传统的治疗方法进行治疗。
风险管理在传染科患者中对护理质量的影响
Authors: 银 雪妮 , 周 治安 , 梁 丽花 , 班 艳来
Published: December 2020

目的：探讨风险管理在传染科患者中对护理质量的影响。方法：选取 2017 年 3 月至 2018 年 4 月传染科患者 47 例，采用常规管理，设定为对照组；选取 2019 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月传染科患者 47 例，采用风险管理，设定为观察组，对比两组护理质量及护理风险。结果：观察组风险管理意识、风险管理行为、风险管理态度评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P
A atuação da enfermagem na cirurgia robótica: um relato de experiência
Authors: Raposo Soraia de Souza Veras , Sousa Thais Vilela de , Melchior Lorena Morena Rosa , Almeida Meives Aparecida Rodrigues de , Santos Thaynara Nascimento dos , Moraes Filho Iel Marciano de
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: relatar a experiência da atuação da enfermagem em cirurgia robótica no sistema Da Vinci. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência acerca da atuação da enfermagem em um Centro de Cirurgia Robótica de um hospital do Distrito Federal - Brasil. Resultados: Um total de 426 cirurgias foram observadas, na maioria, intervenções cirúrgicas urológicas (n=344; 80,8%). A enfermagem no centro cirúrgico estudado atua em diversas frentes de trabalho para segurança e sucesso da intervenção cirúrgica. Confere órteses, próteses e materiais especiais; monta do robô; calibra óticas de 0º e 30º; promove os treinamentos; levanta mensalmente indicadores robóticos de assistência; promove proteção ao paciente. A assistência de enfermagem na cirurgia robótica conversa com as novas técnicas e os desafios envolvidos no uso desses recursos, a fim de garantir a um procedimento cirúrgico bem-sucedido e, consequentemente, um tratamento eficaz, seguro e com menos riscos. Considerações finais: Este trabalho, ao relatar sobre essa atuação, contribui não só na divulgação da temática, mas também convida à reflexão entre os pares sobre o que permeia a assistência de enfermagem na cirurgia robótica.
Descritores: Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios; Enfermagem Cirúrgica; Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica; Telecirurgia; Telecirurgia Robótica.
TERAPI SIKLOFOSPAMID PADA PASIEN ANEMIA APLASTIK DI RSHAM
Authors: Siregar Julahir H
Published: December 2020

Aplastic anemia is a disorder of the clinical syndrome which is characterized by red blood cell deficiency, neutrophils, monocytes and platelets without any other form of marrow damage. Patients in the study included poly hematologic oncology patients and RSHAM inpatients who had been diagnosed with aplastic anemia and had 4 cycles of chemotherapy with cycloposfamide. Data was collected retrospectively, which included: personal data, how many cycles followed cycloposphamide therapy, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets before and after chemotherapy and how many PRCs and platelets were given. In this study involved too few patients and most patients were not tested for bone marrow examinations for evaluation. Before cycloposfamide therapy is given a cytogenetic examination is not performed. From the data above, we cannot conclude whether cycloposfamide therapy given in RSHAM gives a good response or not.
HUBUNGAN DANA BOK DAN MOTIVASI DENGAN KINERJA PETUGAS KIA
Authors: Octavariny Raisha , Sinaga Sermi Iyana Swita
Published: December 2020

Purpose BOK is to review assist local government to implement health care Appropriate Minimum Service Standards (MSS) Health to review Accelerate the achievement of the MDGs WITH improve costs kos health center, village health post (Poskedes) and Integrated Service Post (Posyandu) hearts organizing health services , To run the program needs a strong motivation For KIA officer. Number wherewith Research husband is WITH THE observational cross-sectional design carried out in October 2015. A sample of 48 Namely orangutan KIA officer working in the region Pematangsiantar City Health Department. Data collection using a questionnaire distributed To the respondents. Data analysis was conducted WITH THE chi-square test significance level of 95%. Results of the analysis we found the majority of officers KIA motivation and low performance that is 50% and 52.1%, p value = 0.035, which means there is a connection with the performance of funds BOK KIA officer and p value = 0.002 which means that there is a relationship of motivation with performance KIA BOK paid-up funds and Motivation MAY affect the boarding costs so that the KIA Officer Program has been drafted Posted community health centers can run properly Subscription with sufficient funds and Motivation Officer Yang High so that there can be KIA issue is resolved.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Tindakan Mengemudi Tidak Aman Pada Supir Bus Sampri Trayek Medan – Dolok Sanggul
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Lumban Tobing Enaldihend
Published: December 2020

One of cause accidents is human error, which reflected in the dangerous behavior of driving a bus. Errors and violations can cause an accident to the driver itself and will harm the people around him. Based on everyday phenomena, it can be seen that many motorists violate traffic signs. This behavior of breaking traffic signs is one example of aggressive driving behavior that can endanger other road users. This study aims to explain the factors associated with unsafe driving action on Bus Sampri Driver in Medan Route - Dolok Sanggul. This research is an observational analytic survey using cross sectional design. The research was conducted at PT. Samosir Pribumi Transport Medan in October 2017-April 2018. The population in this study were all Bus Sampri drivers, Medan Dolok Sanggul Route and all passengers with the Medan-Dolok Sanggul destination. The sample in this study were 64 people where 32 people came from bus drivers and 32 people came from passengers who were taken using quota sampling technique. The research instrument uses a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test with a confidence level of 95% (alpha = 5%). The results showed that there was a relationship between duration of work (p = 0.024), work period (p = 0.024), rest period (p = 0.024), work schedule (p = 0.035) with unsafe driving action. Drivers are advised to maintain health so that they do not experience physical or psychological health problems, be careful in driving and obey traffic signs so as not to endanger passengers.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN SIKAP DAN KARAKTERISTIK IBU TENTANG KANKER SERVIKS DENGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN MELAKUKAN PEMERIKSAAN IVA
Authors: Damanik Yunita Syahputri , Sembiring Efrata
Published: December 2020

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that grows the area of ​​the cervix (cervical) and is a disease caused by HPV or Human Papilloma Virus. One of the measures for early detection of cervical cancer is by screening IVA (Visual Inspection Acetic Acid). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge, attitude and characteristic mother of cervical cancer by doing IVA participation. The design of this study is to use a Cross Sectional. The number of samples in this study were as many as 95 people, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. From the analysis it was found that there are six variables that have a relationship (<0.05), including p-value education by 0:01, the frequency is married with a p-value of 0:00, sexual activity with a p-value of 0:01, with a p-value knowledge 0:00 and the p-value 0:00 while variable that does not have a relationship (> 0.05) among age with p-value 0:21, work with a p-value 0.79, the frequency of pregnancy with a p-value 0:39 and smoking with a p-value of 0:07. From the results of multivariate analysis showed that sexual activity had a meaningful relationship with the participation of IVA examination with p-value OR 3081 0:04 and value. Expected to health professionals to provide information about the dangers of cervical cancer and the importance of conducting the examination IVA.
The PENGARUH METACOGNITION STRATEGI DALAM MEMBACA KOMPREHENSIF DALAM TEKS DESKRIPTIF DI INSTITUT KESEHATAN DELI HUSADA DELI TUA 2019
Authors: Ginting Sulastri Br
Published: December 2020

The study is focused on finding out the effect of applying Metacognition Strategy on students’ reading comprehension in reading descriptive text. This study conducted on experimental quantitative design. The population of the research was the Pharmacy students at Institut Deli Husada Deli Tua. There are three hundred forty six students at pharmacy to be the sample of the research. This study was conducted by two randomized groups named Experimental Group and Control Group. The Experimental Group was taught by using Metacognition Strategy but in Control Group didn’t be taught by using Metacogniton Strategy. The instrument of collecting the data was multiple choice tests which consisted of 25 questions. The research Obtain the reliability of the test by using Kuder-Richardson (KR-21) formula. The calculation shown the reliability was 0.57 (Moderate). The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. At the level of significance 0.05 with the deegree of freedom (df) 58, t-observed is 4.1 while t-table is 1.67. Then F-value is 1.41 and F-table is 1.84. It means that there was significant effect of applying Metacogniton strategy on students’ Reading Comprehension in reading descriptive text. So, the conclusion is the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is totally accepted.
Analisis Bakteri Entero Toksigenic Escherichia Coli ( ETEC) Dengan Metode (BGLB) Pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang Di Pemukiman Kumuh.
Authors: Ginting Rapael
Published: December 2020

Based on research conducted at the drinking water depot in Mabar Medan Deli and Medan City Environmental Health Engineering Laboratory (negative) in drinking water, it is declared not contaminated with ecoli, while if the results of the AMIU quality inspection are> 0 in 100 ml samples (positive) in drinking water, then the calculation results are obtained with a p-value (0.001 <0.005) then Ha is accepted and Ho rejected so that the BGLB method is effective against the examination of Escherichia Coli bacteria contamination in the refill drinking water depot. It is stated that it is contaminated with ecoli. This research was in an observational form, using a cross-sectional approach.
Peer Review Round 1 of “Alcohol Cues and Their Effects on Sexually Aggressive Thoughts”
Authors: Ruel Alexa , Ullman Jeremy
Published: December 2020

Alcohol and its effects on aggression has been the subject of many discussions and research papers. Despite this fact, there is still a debate surrounding what it is exactly about alcohol that causes aggression. The current study sought to replicate the past finding by Bartholow and Heinz (2006) that alcohol cues without consumption increase the accessibility of aggressive thoughts, which can then influence aggressive behaviors. In the present study, participants had to complete a lexical decision task that was set up to assess whether aggressive words were detected faster in the presence of alcohol-related pictures compared to neutral pictures. The results of this study did not replicate the expected finding as only a main effect of word type was found in which participants detected neutral words faster than aggressive words. Furthermore, the study was trying to assess the role of gender stereotype acceptance levels in this association, but no significant result was found, meaning that one’s degree of endorsement of societal expectations about genders did not influence reactions times in the lexical decision task. The results are discussed in terms of the limitations of the study, and propositions for future directions are addressed.
A bibliographic and field record chronology of sharks at Cabo Pulmo National Park, Gulf of California
Authors: Reyes -Bonilla Hector , Ayala -Bocos Arturo , Fernández -Rivera Melo Francisco Javier , Zepeta -Vilchis Ronald , Asúnsolo-Rivera Andrea , Ketchum James Thomas
Published: December 2020

The Cabo Pulmo reef in the southwest of the Gulf of California, Mexico (23 ° 26´ N, 109 ° 25´ W), is considered one of the most successful protected areas in the American Pacific, since during this century there have been increases in abundance and biomass of resident carnivorous fish (snappers , whitefish, horse mackerel, sharks, etc.). This is due to the no-fishing regime and the good state of conservation that allow it to maintain high levels of primary and secondary productivity. The increase in the flow of matter and energy has led to the arrival of high trophic level species such as sharks, which are more frequent and represent a local tourist attraction. The objective of this work is to present a chronology of the appearance of the different species of sharks in Cabo Pulmo, based on bibliography, field work and consultations with local residents, dive guides and specialists who have visited the area in the last 15 years. The results show that 11 species of sharks of 9 genera and 6 families have been recorded in the Cabo Pulmo reef; eight of these were annotated in various bibliographic sources; here the occurrence of three more is cited for the first time (Sphyrna lewini, Gynglymostoma cirratum and Carcharhinus longimanus). The arrival of these species to the reef zone could be indicative of a good state of the local ecosystem, therefore it is expected that in the coming years a greater number of shark species, or their biomass, will be recorded.
Effects of conflict trial proportion: A comparison of the Eriksen and Simon tasks
Authors: Bausenhart Karin M. , Ulrich Rolf , Miller Jeff
Published: December 2020

Two experiments examined global and local behavioral adaptation effects within and across the Eriksen task, where conflict is based on stimulus letter identities, and the Simon task, where conflict is based on stimulus and response locations. Trials of the two tasks were randomly intermixed, and the list-wide proportion of congruent trials was varied in both tasks (Experiment 1) or in just one task (Experiment 2). The global adaptation effect of list-wide congruency proportion (LWPC effect) was at least as large in the Simon task as in the Eriksen task. Likewise, the local adaptation effect of previous-trial congruency (Gratton effect) was at least as large in the Simon task as in the Eriksen task. In contrast to prior studies investigating transfer across Stroop and Simon tasks, there was no dissociation between global and local adaptation effects regarding their transfer across the different conflict tasks. In fact, both local and global adaptation effects appeared largely task-specific, because there was no or only little transfer of either Gratton effects or LWPC effects from the Eriksen to the Simon task or vice versa. On the whole, the results suggest that behavioral adaptation observed in the present design does not carry over from one of these tasks to the other, suggesting no involvement of a higher-order, task-general mechanism of cognitive control.
ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN PROVISIONS OF THE FEDERAL LAW NO 248-FZ DATED 31.07.2020 “ON STATE CONTROL (SUPERVISION) AND MUNICIPAL CONTROL IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION”
Authors: Адамов Дмитрий Сергеевич , Козырев Евгений Вячеславович , Костерин Игорь Владимирович , Сорокин Владимир Александрович , Щеголева Наталья Олеговна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассмотрены основные положения Федерального закона от 31.07.2020 г. № 248-ФЗ «О государственном контроле (надзоре) и муниципальном контроле в Российской Федерации», который вступает в силу с 1 июля 2021 года. Проанализированы изложенные в Федеральном законе процессуальные основы осуществления государственного и муниципального контроля, акцент которых сделан на профилактические мероприятия.

The article considers the main provisions of the Federal law No 248-FZ dated 31.07.2020 “On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation”, which comes into force on July 1, 2021. The article analyzes the procedural bases of state and municipal control expounded in the Law. The focus of these bases is on preventive measures.
Thermal Degradation and Mechanical Characteristics of Sugarcane Bagasse Reinforced Biodegradable Potato Starch Composites
Authors: Jumaidin Ridhwan , Mohd Zainel Siti Nuraisyah , Adam Nur Wardah , Hussin Mohamed Saiful Firdaus , Ab Ghani Ahmad Fuad , Mohammad Taha Mastura , Mansor Muhd Ridzuan , Yaakob Mohd Yuhazry , Ahmad Mohd Nazri , Maidin Nurul Ain , Wahid Mohammad Khalid , Mohamad Yatim Nor Azlina , Ab Rahman Mohd Hidayat , Osman Mohd Hairizal
Published: December 2020

Global pollution due to the overwhelming usage of non-biodegradable plastics is getting severe nowadays. Hence, the aim of this paper is to develop an environmentally friendly composite material from potato starch and sugarcane bagasse. The composites were prepared by hot pressing at 145? for 60 min. The composites were characterize for their mechanical and thermal properties. In terms of thermal properties, thermogravimetric analysis shows that incorporation of sugarcane fiber has improved the thermal stability of the composites. Meanwhile, incorporation of sugarcane fibre form 0 to 15 wt.% has significantly improved the tensile and flexural properties of the composites. Scanning electron micrograph of the tensile fracture showed the fibre fracture and fibre “pull-out” from the composite. Overall, the biodegradable composites has shown improved functional characteristic than the origin material. This finding shows that this Sugarcane/Potato starch composites are potential alternative material for biodegradable product i. e biodegradable plastic packaging.
Efficacy and Safety of Pitavastatin in a Real-World Setting: Observational Study Evaluating SaFety in Patient Treated with Pitavastatin in Korea (PROOF Study)
Authors: Jeong In-Kyung , Kim Sung-Rae
Published: December 2020

Background: While randomized controlled trials provide useful information about drug safety and efficacy, they do not always reflect the observed results in the real world. The prospective, observational, non-comparative trial in South Korea was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin in clinical practice in 28,343 patients.Methods: This study was conducted in 893 facilities in Korea from April 2, 2012 to April 1, 2017. This study was designed to administer 1, 2, or 4 mg pitavastatin to patients with hyperlipidemia at the age of 20 or older for at least 8 weeks.Results: For 126 days of mean duration of administration of pitavastatin, the % change of low density lipoprotein cholesterol indicated a dose dependent reduction: –23.4%, –29.1%, and –35.2% in the 1, 2, and 4 mg groups, respectively in patients who have not been treated with lipid lowering medications prior to study. Only 1.74% (492/28,343) of pitavastatin-treated patients experienced adverse events, of which 0.43% (123/28,343) were adverse drug reactions. Less than 1% of patients experienced the grade 2 or more toxicity (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03) in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, and serum creatine phosphokinase. Although there were no rhabdomyolysis in 28,343 patients, 0.04% of patients had been reported pitavastatin-related musculoskeletal disorders.Conclusion: Overall, this observational study showed that pitavastatin was well tolerated and effectively modified the lipid profile, reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia in the real world.
A New Grid of Model Atmospheres for Metal-poor Ultracool Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Gerasimov Roman , Homeier Derek , Burgasser Adam , Bedin Luigi R.
Published: December 2020

We present a new grid of model atmospheres and synthetic spectra down to extremely metal-poor ([M/H] ≥ −3.0), ultracool (T
eff ≥ 900 K) brown dwarfs based on the PHOENIX code (Hauschildt et al. 1997). The grid is publicly available and continuously updated as new models are computed. The models are aimed at characterizing metal-poor halo brown dwarfs identified in surveys such as Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 (Kuchner et al. 2017; Schneider et al. 2020) and brown dwarfs in globular clusters (Dieball et al. 2019). Our setup includes the formation and depletion by gravitational settling of condensate clouds as defined for the BT-Settl grid of Allard et al. (2012), using the version 15.5 branch of PHOENIX, which was split off from the main branch (Barman et al. 2011; Husser et al. 2013). Our calculations employ the Allard & Homeier cloud formation model (Helling et al. 2008; Allard et al. 2012).
Locating the Alfvénic Speed Transition in the Solar Corona
Authors: Wexler David B. , Lawhite Gavin M. , Song Paul
Published: December 2020

The region through which the solar wind (SW) radial outflow speed overtakes the MHD wave speed is of interest to studies of SW formation and evolution. Alfvén wave speed, which is the characteristic propagation speed of low-frequency MHD perturbations, is derived from the magnetic field intensity and plasma mass density. In the inner coronal regions, these parameters are often estimated using empirical models based on remote sensing observations. Parker Solar Probe (PSP) orbital encounter 4 provides, for the first time, in situ coronal plasma measurements to determine Alfvén speeds within 30 solar radii of the heliocenter. We combined the PSP SW speed measurements and calculated Alfvén speeds with inner corona wind speed results from remote sensing studies. The zone of super-Alfvénic speed cross-over is estimated to range 10–27 R
⊙ for the near-equatorial corona. Future PSP data will constrain this estimate further.
Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Against Allergic Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Kang Sung-Yoon , Yang Min-Suk , Lee Sang Min , Lee Sang Pyo
Published: December 2020

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) can alter the natural course of an allergic disease. It is widely held that the efficacy of a given therapeutic modality should be proven by well-designed double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses. In this article, the therapeutic efficacy of AIT for allergic respiratory diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma, is reviewed. In addition, potential clinical and experimental predictors of the treatment response are reviewed for AITs requiring long-term treatment, and for some allergic rhinitis and asthma patients who show no response to AIT.
Applying Precision Medicine in Clinical Practice
Authors: Kim Kyu-pyo
Published: December 2020

Precision medicine is the modern era version of “personalized medicine”, which integrates data from genomics and clinical information to optimize the care delivered to patients. As next generation sequencing (NGS) revolutionized the speed and cost of genomic sequencing, precision medicine entered clinical practice in 2017 via the national reimbursement of oncology and rare diseases. In parallel, the digitalization of clinical data through electronic health recording (EHR) and hospital information systems has allowed data collection and analysis. This has led to the integration of biomarkers and clinical records, which have introduced precision medicine into clinical practice. Today, many countries and medical institutes are endeavoring to create systems that will enable precision medicine to be applied to clinical practice. These data systems will benefit the patient by providing accurate data based on his/her characteristics rather than the conventional approach of using “average data”. Internal medicine will transform into a data-driven science that enables physicians to translate molecular biomarkers and big data analysis into improved clinical care.
Les sollicitations de Léon Bopp
Authors: Murat Michel
Published: December 2020

Léon Bopp a été un correspondant régulier de Jean Paulhan depuis les années 1930. Ses lettres expriment la frustration d’un auteur frontalier, en quête d’une reconnaissance qui ne vient pas. Critique contestable et romancier original, Bopp a pu nourrir les réflexions de Paulhan sur le devenir du genre romanesque, sans leur offrir pour autant une issue.
Règle anglaise versus règle américaine d’allocation des frais de justice : une analyse expérimentale
Authors: Gabuthy Yannick , Peterle Emmanuel , Tisserand Jean-Christian
Published: December 2020

Dans cet article, nous analysons expérimentalement l’impact potentiel de la règle d’allocation des frais de justice (règle américaine ou anglaise) sur l’efficacité de la procédure judiciaire, via son effet sur l’effort de l’avocat, la dissuasion des recours illégitimes et les incitations du demandeur à aller en justice. D’après nos résultats, il semble que la règle anglaise contribue à diminuer le nombre de recours illégitimes, notamment en réduisant les incitations des avocats à exercer un effort élevé pour défendre ce type d’affaires ex post (et donc en décourageant les clients potentiels d’intenter un procès ex ante ). Classification JEL  : C91, C41.
Motivation prosociale et présentéisme dans les secteurs public et privé
Authors: Lanfranchi Joseph , Lemoyne Priscilla
Published: December 2020

Nous étudions le présentéisme des salariés des secteurs public et privé afin de déterminer s’il existe un lien entre ce sureffort et leur motivation prosociale. À partir d’un modèle de comptage, nous montrons que la motivation prosociale des salariés engendre bien un don de travail sous forme de présentéisme, mais celui-ci est identique pour les agents du public et les salariés du privé. De plus, en l’absence de cette motivation, le présentéisme moyen dans le secteur public serait moindre que dans le privé, les salariés de ce secteur y étant incités par d’autres biais que les agents du public. Classification JEL  : I12, J22, J28, J45, M5.
Identité urbaine, question d’images
Authors: Faye Benoit , Lacour Claude
Published: December 2020

Depuis la fin des années 2000, l’identité urbaine est devenue une notion à la mode pour beaucoup de disciplines des sciences humaines. Ce travail propose un cadre conceptuel permettant de comprendre la formation des identités urbaines par l’articulation entre les images projetées et les images perçues. La mobilisation d’études quantitatives, pour différentes tailles urbaines, permet d’évaluer l’influence des composantes des images projetées par les villes. Une étude de cas issue d’un atelier de prospective Bordeaux 2050 (BM2050) examine les représentations qualitatives de l’image perçue. La compréhension de la structure de l’identité est utile pour ceux qui la conçoivent comme facteur majeur du développement des villes. Codes JEL : R20, R23, R30
Créer des jeux vidéo en amateur
Authors: Hurel Pierre-Yves
Published: December 2020

Il existe de nombreuses techniques de création de jeux vidéo – logiciels de création, ROM Hacking, modding, éditeurs de niveaux, programmation, jeux vidéo créatifs – auxquelles se dédient de nombreuses communautés d’amateurs. Si le champ académique a tardé à s’intéresser au jeu vidéo amateur, le domaine est maintenant dynamique. Cependant, peu de recherches se sont consacrées à étudier plus en profondeur la pratique de création de jeu vidéo en amateur dans sa dimension expérientielle. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une compréhension du l’expérience de l’amateur comme relevant d’une tension fondamentale entre une logique de création et une logique de dégustation. Les amateurs cherchent à aménager des dispositifs qui leur permettraient à la fois de vivre leur passion et, parfois, d’en vivre – ce qui confère une importance particulière à l’improvisation.
Pharetra fidei contra iudaeos: Sus fuentes y una edición de trabajo
Authors: Lampurlanés Isaac
Published: December 2020

El género literario del Adversus iudaeos fue muy extendido y cultivado durante toda la Edad Media, cuya estructura es la forma de diálogo/disputa entre la fe cristiana y la judía para concluir en la superioridad y/o veracidad de la primera ante la segunda. Aquí ofrecemos una edición de trabajo de la obra de polémica antijudía Pharetra fidei contra iudaeos, un texto muy popular y difundido a partir del siglo XIII por toda Europa, tal como demuestran los más de cien manuscritos que la conservan. Además, se presentará un estudio preliminar que relaciona esta obra con los Errores iudaeorum de Thibaud de Sézanne, el texto que acompaña a la Pharetra en numerosos códices. Localizamos, además, las fuentes principales de las que bebe la Pharetra.
WARMING EFFECT OF BLANKETS WITH HIGH FAR-INFRARED EMISSIVITY ON SKIN MICROCIRCULATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Bau Jian-Guo , Yang Chun-Pai , Huang Bo-Wen , Lin Yung-Sheng , Wu Ming-Feng
Published: December 2020

Vascular complications are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Effective strategies to improve circulation appear to be another important issue in addition to the interventions of blood glucose control. Previous studies have shown that the biological effects on humans after using the materials containing ceramic particles emits far infrared radiation (FIR). The present study is to investigate the warming effect of the fabrics containing specified metals in diabetic patients. A total of 28 diabetic patients were blinded and randomly assigned to treatment group ([Formula: see text]) and control group ([Formula: see text]), respectively. The subjects of treatment group were ministered with the blankets with fibers containing the specified metals, while the subjects of control group were provided with blankets of ordinary material. The skin temperature and microcirculatory perfusion were monitored before and after 20-min use of the blankets at shoulder and bilateral calves. After warming with blankets, the treatment group revealed a higher increased ratio of skin perfusion than control ([Formula: see text]), while there was no prominent variation on the wavelet spectrum of the perfusion signal. Although it is already a known fact that passive FIR warming has the advantages of safety and convenience, our results suggest that warming by wearing the textiles containing the specified metals with high FIR emissivity is a solution for daily skin care of diabetic patients.
Comparison of Post-Remission Strategies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation versus Consolidation Chemotherapy
Authors: Yegin Zeynep , Dikyar Asena , Kaynar Lale , Can Ferda , Özkurt Zübeyde , Yağcı Münci
Published: December 2020

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (auto-HSCT) has become a therapeutic option for first-line consolidation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients with favorable and intermediate risk features. A total of 101 AML patients in first complete remission, who were not eligible for allogeneic HSCT, were randomized to receive intensive cytarabine-based chemotherapy or to undergo auto-HSCT. The probability of LFS was significantly better in auto-HSCT recipients compared to chemotherapy arm (43% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.008). At the end of 915 (30–4470) days of followup, the probability of overall survival was better in auto-HSCT group compared to chemotherapy, without statistical significance (79.2% vs. 38.8%, p = 0.054). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant predictive impact of cytogenetic risk status on OS (p = 0.002, HR: 2.824, 95% CI: 1.445–5.521). Auto-HSCT is considered as an effective consolidation approach in favorable and intermadiate risk AML patients.
Asymmetry Thresholds for Common Screening Tests and Their Effects on Jump Performance in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Read Paul J. , McAuliffe Seán , Bishop Chris , Oliver Jon L. , Graham-Smith Phil , Farooq Mohammed Abdulaziz
Published: December 2020

Context

Arbitrary asymmetry thresholds are regularly used in professional soccer athletes, notwithstanding the sparse literature available to examine their prevalence.

Objective

To establish normative and positional asymmetry values for commonly used screening tests and investigate their relationships with jumping performance.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Elite soccer screening.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 203 professional male soccer players.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Bilateral and unilateral jumping; range of motion; and hamstrings (HAM), quadriceps (QUAD), and hip-adductor and -abductor strength tests were used to quantify asymmetry. Players were divided into 4 quartiles (Q1–Q4) based on the magnitude of their asymmetry for each test. Single composite scores were also developed to group tests by range of motion and HAM, QUAD, hip-adduction, and hip-abduction strength, and differences in jump performance were examined among players in each quartile.

Results

Large variability (range = 5.2%–14.5%) was evident in asymmetry scores across the different tests and physical qualities. Forwards displayed greater asymmetry in concentric quadriceps and eccentric hip-abduction strength (P < .05). The HAM and QUAD composite scores indicated that Q4 players' jumps were shorter than those in other quartiles during a single-legged countermovement jump and 10-second hop (P < .05). No decrements in unilateral jump performance were shown among players in each quartile for range of motion or hip-adduction and -abduction strength, and no composite measures of asymmetry affected bilateral jump performance.

Conclusions

No single asymmetry threshold was present for all tests; the outcomes were task, variable, and population specific. Larger asymmetries in HAM and QUAD strength appeared to be detrimental to unilateral jump performance.
Key distribution. Episode 1: Quantum menace
Authors: Marshalko Grigory Borisovich , Rudskoi V I
Published: December 2020

Изучается возможность применения атак со связанными ключами к средствам криптографической защиты информации с гибридными ключевыми системами, в которых сеансовый ключ строится по долговременному ключу и ключу, вырабатываемому протоколом квантового распределения ключей (КРК). Для случая покоординатного сложения по модулю 2 квантового и долговременного ключей исследуется влияние компрометации квантового ключа на безопасность системы. Показано, что для многих систем КРК вероятность восстановления квантового ключа злоумышленником близка к 1. Это приводит к увеличению вероятности успеха при применении атаки со связанными ключами. Поэтому предлагается для обновления ключей использовать функции выработки производных ключей.
Application of non-associative structures for construction of homomorphic cryptosystems
Authors: Katyshev Sergey Yur'evich , Zyazin Andrey Valentinovich , Baryshnikov Andrei Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

Гомоморфное шифрование позволяет выполнять некоторые математические преобразования с шифрованным текстом, в результате которых получается шифрованный текст, соответствующий результату выполнения заданного преобразования открытого текста. Известны так называемые полностью гомоморфные и частично гомоморфные шифрсистемы, различающиеся количеством допустимых для выполнения преобразований. Для построения подобных шифрсистем необходимо иметь гомоморфизм относительно хотя бы одной из выполняемых операций. В работе с использованием неассоциативных
операций и системы Эль-Гамаля построен пример
шифрсистемы, гомоморфной относительно двух выполняемых
операций: групповой и квазигрупповой.
Gender Effects in Assessment of Clinical Teaching: Does Concordance Matter?
Authors: Stroud Lynfa , Freeman Risa , Kulasegaram Kulamakan , Cil Tulin D. , Ginsburg Shiphra
Published: December 2020

Background

Gender bias is thought to exist in the assessment of clinical teachers, yet its extent in different specialties is not well-documented nor has it been studied at the individual-dyadic level.

Objective

The authors sought to determine whether gender bias exists in residents' assessments of faculty teaching in 3 clinical departments, and if present, whether this is influenced by gender concordance or discordance between the faculty and resident.

Methods

Residents' ratings of faculty in internal medicine (800 faculty, 5753 ratings), surgery (377, 2249), and family medicine (672, 3438) at the University of Toronto from 2016–2017 were analyzed using the overall global rating on a 5-point scale. A mixed-effects linear regression analysis accounted for nesting of ratings within each faculty member.

Results

Overall scores of teaching effectiveness showed a strong skew to favorable ratings for all faculty and a ceiling effect. However, gender effects differed across departments. In internal medicine (38.5% female faculty), no significant gender effects were detected. In surgery (16.2% female) and family medicine (53.0% female), male faculty received significantly higher scores than female faculty. In surgery this was driven by male residents giving male faculty higher ratings (4.46 vs 4.26, P < .001). In family medicine this was driven by male faculty receiving higher ratings regardless of resident gender (4.65 to 4.57, P < .001).

Conclusions

Although effects were very small and inconsistent, with gender concordance mattering only for one department, it suggests that gender is a meaningful source of variance in teaching assessments.
Creating an Environment for Nuclear Disarmament (CEND): a good faith, effective measure pursuant to Article VI NPT or empty gesturing?
Authors: Evans Christopher P
Published: December 2020

It has been 50 years since the adoption of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), which established the obligation upon all States Parties to work towards nuclear disarmament under Article VI. Yet, despite extensive reductions in nuclear weapons stockpiles since the Cold War peaks, nuclear arms control and disarmament efforts are currently in disarray. After the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty was terminated in 2019, the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty remains as the only bilateral limitation on United States (US) and Russian nuclear forces in operation and is due to expire in February 2021. The US has justified its limited nuclear disarmament progress on the premise that the current international security environment is not conducive to further nuclear disarmament. Instead, the US has recently promoted a new initiative called Creating an Environment for Nuclear Disarmament (CEND). The initiative aims to provide a platform for all States to engage in constructive dialogue to identify ways to improve the international security environment, which make nuclear deterrence necessary while addressing the hurdles that currently impede progress towards nuclear disarmament. Significantly, the US regards CEND as an ‘effective measure’ and an illustration of its commitment towards disarmament under Article VI. This article seeks to address the US claim that CEND represents a good faith, effective measure towards nuclear disarmament pursuant to Article VI. This will revisit existing doctrinal interpretative debates concerning the obligation under Article VI, particularly the requirements that negotiations and measures be adopted in good faith, and what constitutes an effective measure towards nuclear disarmament. The discussion will then determine whether the CEND initiative itself can be considered a good faith, effective measure towards nuclear disarmament, by considering its purpose, origins and implementation, and actions of the US.
The Bush Barrow and Clandon Barrow Gold Lozenges and the Upton Lovell Golden Button: A Possible Calendrical Interpretation
Authors: Maumené Claude
Published: December 2020

The Bush and Clandon Barrow gold lozenges and the Upton Lovell golden button, discovered in burial grounds near Stonehenge and Mount Pleasant in southern England, were most frequently thought to be ornamental breastplates designed to show the high level political or religious status of the wearers. The author attempts to demonstrate that a purely decorative interpretation must be rejected and proposes a complementary evaluation of these items which all show similar decorations. Counting the lines and interpreting the patterns on both breastplates and button have led to the proposal that these objects were made to facilitate counting, memorisation and transmission of the numbers of days of one or several synodic cycles of Venus, Mars and Jupiter, in agreement with a number of Moon and Solar cycles. In terms of anthropology, the symbolic lozenge shape associated with fertility and fecundity, appeared in many the cultural areas of ancient Europe. Venus, appearing alternately as an evening and morning star, is also an essential symbol of life, death and rebirth. This may be important within the funerary context of the culture of Wessex
A study about Protective Effect of Brevibacillus laterosporus texasporus Culture on Broiler Chickens Infected with Salmonella Pullorum
Authors: Purba Mhd Adanan , Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado  , Huiyi Cai  , Tesfay Hagos Haile  , Aijuan Zheng  , Jiao Liu  , Jiang Chen  , Guohua Liu  , Nurzainah Ginting  , Yunilas
Published: December 2020

A demand for chicken-meat is growing enormously which requires intensification in the production, so it iscrucial to improve the chicken health condition.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Brevibacillus laterosporus texasporus culture (BT) to the growth, immunity and blood parameters of broilers and also to determine whether the culture has a potential to act as a probiotic supplement of the fodder. A total of 300 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers chickens were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 6 replications (10 individualsin each replicate) i.e.the positive control (PC)which had no challenge ofSalmonella Pullorum wasadministered inthe basal diet. Meanwhile, the negative control (NC) challenged by Salmonella Pullorumper os was administered in three form of diets, and these were included inthe diet with the composition of kitasamycin for 10 mg/kg as antibiotics growth promotor, BT for 50 mg/kg, and BT for 100 mg/kg. The live body weight (LBW) and average daily body weight gain (ADG)of initial period were upregulated(P<0.05), while at the end of the period, the results displayed the changes in LBW(P=0.304) and ADG (P=0.672). Based on the analysis of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the IgG (g/L) showed no significant values, and the IgM(g/L) significantly rose after 21 days, while the IgA (g/L) showed significant values after 42 days. The chicken c-reactive protein (CRP) was found to be significantly changes on day 9, and the significant values in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were found which respectively on the day 9 to 42 and 21; the diamine oxidase (DAO) changes were found after 42 days.The treatment diet of AGP and BT100 have affectedless histological changes in liver tissues than BT50 and NC. These findings suggested that BT could protect the chickens from the adverse impacts of Salmonella infection, andthese can be used as a feed additive to promote health and growth.
Completion of Matrix Inversions Using Elementary Matrix Inverse Multiplication Method
Authors: Cipta Hendra
Published: December 2020

Abstract.

 

Given a matrix A is ordo . Elementary matrix inverse multiplication  produces inverse matrix A which is  where I is an identity matrix and  is an inverse matrix A. The problem discussed in this research is to find a solution the ordo of matrices  by using inverse elementary matrix inversion method with the steps given in solving by completing the smallest ordo matrix first up until the ordo matrix .

 

Keywords: Matrix, Inverse Matrix, Multiplication of Elementary Matrix.
Elevated Serum Interleukin-18 Level is Correlated with Vascular Access Dysfunction in Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis
Authors: Li You Li , Wu Yuanhao , Zheng Yin , Liu Junfeng , Xue Jun
Published: December 2020

Introduction: We evaluated the impact of serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) level on short-term vascular access (VA) function in chronic haemodialysis (HD) patients. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from 80 clinically stable patients (58.8% were men) with a mean age of 60.9 years (standard deviation 11.7 years) who were undergoing maintenance HD and were followed up for 1 year. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse data on demographics, biochemical parameters and serum IL-18 level to predict VA dysfunction events. The cut-off for IL-18 was derived from the highest score obtained on Youden index. Survival data was analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Patients were classified as having either low IL-18 (<199.3 pg/mL) or high IL-18 (≥199.3 pg/mL). Multivariate logistic regression showed that serum IL-18 level was independently correlated with VA dysfunction events; patients with high IL-18 had a higher risk of VA dysfunction events than those with low IL-18 (odds ratio 9.47, 95% confidence interval 1.75–51.31, P = 0.009). In patients with high IL-18, Kaplan- Meier survival analysis found that incidence of VA dysfunction was significantly higher than patients with low IL-18 (P = 0.047). After adjustment for age, gender, inflammation (C-reactive protein) and calcium-phosphorus metabolism, decreased serum albumin and increased serum IL-18 levels were found to be independent prognostic predictors of VA dysfunction. Conclusion: HD patients with high IL-18 level tend to have worse rates of VA dysfunction. In HD outpatients, IL-18 is an independent risk factor for short-term VA dysfunction. Key words: Access survival, Cytokines, Short-term
Counting Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Cases: Case Definitions, Screened
Populations and Testing Techniques Matter
Authors: Koh David , Cunningham Anne Catherine
Published: December 2020

While counting cases of disease appears straightforward, there are issues to consider
when enumerating disease counts during an epidemic. For example, for Coronavirus
Disease-2019 (COVID-19), how is a case defined? Hubei province in China changed
its case definition twice in a fortnight—from laboratory-confirmed cases to clinically confirmed cases without laboratory tests, and back to laboratory-confirmed cases. This
caused confusion in the reported number of cases. If a confirmed case requires laboratory testing, what is the population who are laboratory-tested? Due to limited laboratory testing capacity in the early phase of an emerging epidemic, only “suspected cases” are laboratory-tested in most countries. This will result in underdiagnosis of confirmed cases and also raises the question: how is a “suspect case” defined? With the passage of time and increased capability to perform laboratory tests, more people can be screened and the number of confirmed cases will increase. What are the technical considerations of laboratory testing? This includes specimen collection (variable collection methods), samples collected (upper or lower respiratory tract biospecimens), time of collection in relation to course of
disease, different laboratory test methods and kits (not all of which may be standardised or approved by authorities such as the Food and Drug Administration). Are approved laboratory facilities and trained manpower available, and how are test results interpreted and false-negatives excluded? These issues will affect the accuracy of disease counts, which in turn will have implications on how we mount an appropriate response to the outbreak.

Key words: Diagnosis, Laboratory testing, Outbreak, Pandemic, Screening