bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shear-wave velocity structure in the northern Basin and Range province from the combined analysis of receiver functions and surface waves
Authors: Özalaybey Serdar , Savage Martha K. , Sheehan Anne F. , Louie John N. , Brune James N.
Published: March 2023

A new method based on the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface-wave phase velocities results in well-determined shear-velocity structures that are consistent with the compressional-wave structure, gravity, heat flow, and elevation data in the northern Basin and Range. This new inversion method takes advantage of average-velocity information present in the surface-wave method and differential velocity information contained in the receiver function method, thus minimizing the nonuniqueness problem that results from the velocity-depth trade-off.

An unusually thick (38 km) and relatively faster crust and upper mantle are found in central and eastern Nevada compared to the thin (28 to 34 km) and slower crust and upper mantle of the western Basin and Range. We interpret the regions of thicker and faster crust and upper mantle as zones that have undergone less Cenozoic extension relative to the surrounding regions to the west and north. The thick crust and consequently greater depth to the dense mantle material is consistent with the gravity low pattern in central and eastern Nevada. Simple gravity modeling shows both local and regional isostatic compensation occur within 40 km of the surface, indicating a near-classical Airy type of compensation in the province.

We analyze in detail the shear-wave (S-wave) velocity model derived from the receiver functions at station BMN and compressional-wave (P-wave) velocity models derived from the 1986 PASSCAL experiment in northwestern Nevada. The most interesting feature of these models is the presence of negative-velocity gradients in the S-wave model with no corresponding velocity decrease in the P-wave models between depths of 10 and 24 km. This combined velocity model may be explained by high pore fluid pressures at these depths. This model favors a layered fluid porosity model proposed in the literature to explain extensive middle- to lower-crust continental seismic reflections and high electrical conductivity. An upper-mantle, gradational low-velocity zone is present between 32 and 38 km in the S-wave model. This upper-mantle, shear-wave, low-velocity zone is consistent with partial melt, which may be the source material for magmatic underplating in this region.
Paleoseismicity of the north branch of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone in Huntington Beach, California, from cone penetrometer test data
Authors: Grant Lisa B. , Waggoner John T. , Rockwell Thomas K. , von Stein Carmen
Published: March 2023

Application of cone penetrometer testing (CPT) is a promising method for studying subsurface fault zones in stratified, unconsolidated sediment where trenching is not feasible. Analysis of data from 72 CPTs, spaced 7.5 to 30.0 m apart, and 9 borings indicates that the North Branch fault, the active strand of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone (NIFZ) in Huntington Beach, has generated at least three and most likely five recognizable surface ruptures in the past 11.7 ± 0.7 ka. Additional smaller earthquakes similar to the Mw 6.4 1933 Long Beach earthquake may also have occurred but would not be recognizable with this method. The minimum right-lateral Holocene slip rate of the NIFZ in the study area is estimated to be 0.34 to 0.55 mm/yr. The actual slip rate may be significantly higher.
The acquisition of foreign language vocabulary: Does spacing effect matter?
Authors: Al-Khasawneh F. M.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Research that investigated effective strategies for learning foreign language vocabulary revealed that long spacing facilitates learning more than short or no spacing. This phenomenon is known as distributed practice effect.

Aim. The present study aimed to examine the effect of spaced instruction on vocabulary learning and retention among Saudi EFL learners.

Methodology and research methods. The sample of this study includes 30 English major students at King Khalid University. The students were divided into two groups (15 students for the massed instruction group and 15 students for the spaced instruction group). Both groups were taught 20 new words which were selected based on the results of the Vocabulary Size Test by Nation P., Beglar D. In the condition of massed class, the target words were taught in 45-minute weekly session (lasted for two weeks). In the condition of spaced class, 45 minutes were distributed into three 15-minutes session presented throughout the week at intervals with two intervening days between each session (lasted for two weeks). Both groups received a post-test after eight weeks of training, while the delayed post-test was administered three weeks later (week 11).

Results. The results of the study revealed that there was statistically significant difference between the massed and spaced instruction groups on both post-test and delayed post-test in favor to the spaced instruction group.

Scientific novelty. The present study makes several contributions to the body of literature. First, it adds to the relatively small amount of research on the spacing effect on the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary. Second, it is one of the very few studies that have been conducted in the Arab world, more specifically in the Saudi context. Finally, the study provides better understanding of the importance of spacing in learning foreign language vocabulary among Arab learners.

Practical significance. In the light of the obtained results, several recommendations have been provided for EFL practitioners and curriculum designers. This study suggests that EFL practitioners should consider spaced learning as beneficial teaching strategy, and to synthesise it in the educational materials.
Environmental Concerns, Green Consumption Value and Green Buying Intentions
Authors: Martey Edward Markwei , Mante George Dominic Kofi , Gligah Bernice KorKor , Crentsil Patricia , Twumasi Angela Adofoa
Published: March 2023

The research developed a framework to investigate the influence of green consumption value and green buying intentions using the behavioral reasoning theory to look at the gap between attitudes and intentions. A cross-sectional research design was used to collect data from 698 respondents in Ghana. The result shows a positive and significant association between buying green foods and attitudes toward green foods, and motive against buying green foods have a non-significant relationship with attitudes to green foods; there is a positive significant association between green consumption value and attitudes toward green foods, motives for buying green foods, and motives against buying green foods. The mediation of motives for buying green foods on green consumption value and attitudes to green foods is positive. Motives for buying green foods influence green buying intentions through attitudes toward green products. And mediation of motives against buying green foods on green consumption value and attitudes to green foods is negative and does not harm green buying intentions using attitudes to green foods. Governments must reward individuals or groups that protect the environment and also put together educated programs that spell out the consequences of a degraded environment to the nation.
¿Nuevas formas de gobierno empresarial? Activismo e influencia de terceras partes interesadas en la información económico-financiera
Authors: García-Osma Beatriz , Grande-Herrera Cristina
Published: March 2023

El activismo emerge en fechas recientes como un nuevo potencial mecanismo de gobierno corporativo de las empresas. Si bien la influencia de terceras partes interesadas y fundamentalmente, de los inversores institucionales, es aún limitada en Europa, su creciente rol en otros países sugiere la posibilidad de una gran importancia futura. En este trabajo se ofrece una panorámica de la evidencia académica sobre este fenómeno reciente, centrándonos en cómo el activismo influye en la información económico-financiera preparada por las empresas. Concluimos el trabajo con algunas reflexiones sobre posibles implicaciones para profesionales y reguladores.

Recibido: 16 septiembre 2022Aceptado: 26 septiembre 2022
COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN NOVEL “DRUPADI” BY SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA: GRICE’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Annisa Luthf , Nurdiansah Nandang , Masadi M. Anwar
Published: March 2023

This study discusses the flouting and violation of the cooperative principles in the novel "Drupadi" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma. The purpose of this study is to examine the utterances in the novel "Drupadi" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma those that apply and violate Grice’s cooperative principle (four maxims). The four maxims are the maxim of relation, the maxim of manner, the maxim of quality, and the maxim of quantity. This research collected data through the technique of reading and writing. The data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results show that twelve words are included in the utterances that adhere to the cooperative principle. Six expressions obey the relevance/relational maxim, one expression obey the maxim of manner, four obey the quality maxim, and one utterance obey the quantity maxim. The researcher also found speeches that violated the cooperative principle as many as three words. Two utterances violate the quality maxim, and one utterance violates the quantity maxim, no utterance violates the maxim of the relevance and maxim of the way.
PRESUPPOSITION IN JOE BIDEN’S INAUGURATION SPEECH
Authors: Rahmadianto Sadam , Herawati Yayuk Widyastuti
Published: March 2023

This study aims to find the types of presupposition used by Joe Biden in his inauguration speech. The meanings of the utterances are based on the context of the speech used theory of context proposed by Huang (2014). This study used a qualitative descriptive method because the researcher describes presupposition and meaning in speech. The data is taken from BBC News. The results of this study found 32 utterances that indicated presupposition. These utterances were classified into nine types of presupposition were used by Joe Biden in his inauguration speech. They are thirteen utterances of definite description, three utterances of factive predicates, two utterances of aspectual of state predicates, three utterances of iteratives, one utterance of implicative predicates, three utterances of quantifiers, one utterance of temporal clause, three utterances of cleft sentences, and three utterances of counterfactual conditional presupposition. The study did the analysis based on two types of context they are linguistic context and non-linguistic context. Besides, the study found that the utterances of Joe Biden in his inauguration speech have implied meanings that were not conveyed directly.
THE DIASPORA FEATURES OF AMERICAN-BORN INDONESIANS IN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Authors: Nabilla Noor Vatha
Published: March 2023

Language phenomena can be triggered by some factors such as diaspora. Diaspora is the dispersion of ethnic groups that move to other countries for particular purposes but still have collective memories about their homeland and attempt to recreate their socio-economic, political, and cultural institutions as a form of minority survival in the host land. This study investigates the daily activities done by American-Born Indonesian in the USA related to diaspora phenomena while they lived in the USA and after they moved to Indonesia. The data were taken from interview by video call and recording audio. Additional data such as text messages were also used as supporting data. The data were analyzed by using diaspora features theory proposed by Cohen (2008) and reasons and impacts classification by Zhao (2015). The result indicates that the participants show some of their features as diaspora and the reasons and impacts of not speaking Indonesian while in the USA. The result also provides their language solution when they moved to Indonesian since they could not speak Indonesian or Javanese fluently.
TAMTSIL AL MAR’AH FI MU’ALLAQAH IMRUI AL QOIS: DIROSAH SIMIYAIYAH ROLAND BARTES
Authors: Hakim Arief Rahman , Roziki Khafid , Faisol M.
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research is to know the representation of women in the poetry of Imru' al-Qays, based on the assumption that not all women in the pre-Islamic era lived without meaning, individually and socially. The researchers took Imru' al-Qays's commentary as the subject of the research because it contains many descriptions of women. It used the qualitative research method, based on the approach of Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The main data source is the Muallaqa Imru' al-Qays. As for the secondary data sources from the book, periodical and other journals related to the research topic. The data analysis covers three stages, description, reduction, and conclusion. It employed semiotics focusing on the reception and sources of messages. It largely depends on the researchers’ ability to interpret text or references that can be related to ideological, cultural, moral and spiritual values. The result shows that the women in the poetry are portrayed with beautiful descriptions that indicate the high and honor of their position and they receive good treatment in their family.
DIMENSIONS OF YOUNG ADULT LITERATURE: THE READING ON FIVE FEET APART
Authors: Noviani Syafika Salsa , Cahyaning Rahayu Anik
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe the characteristics of Young Adult Literature genre found in the novel. Young Adult Literature’s characteristics relate to the novel’s intrinsic elements which consists of character, theme, plot, and point of view. The approach used in analysing the novel is structuralism approach. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The result of the analysis states that Five Feet Apart is categorized into young adult literature since it conforms the genre’s characteristics. The characters of the novel have a physical appearance and the way they behave as well as interact with each other. Moreover, the characters in the novel have a change in attitude and way of thinking. Seen from the analysis, the plot is going fast and the storyline is written in the present. Theme in the novel is about romance because the novel tells the love story of the two young adult people who suffer from lungs illness, named Stella and Will. There are two points of view from young adult protagonists as the main characters in the novel. The point of view changes in every chapter because the story is sometimes told by Stella and sometimes by Will. Finally, it can be concluded that characteristics of Young Adult Literature genre are found in the novel Five Feet Apart.
AL-AF’ĀL ATS-TSULĀTSIYYAH AL-MAZĪDAH FI KITĀBI TA’LĪM AL-MUTA’ALLIM THORĪQU AT-TA’ALLUM LI SYAIKH BURHAN ISLAM AZ-ZARNUJIY: DIRĀSAH ṢARFIYYAH
Authors: Rosmaningsih Dhea , Hasaniah Nur
Published: March 2023

Morphology searches for how to formulate the structures of the Arabic word, i.e., science that seeks to change a single origin into multiple forms to indicate different meanings. This research analyzes the three-way verbs and their benefits in the book "تعليم المتعلّم طريق التعليم" by Sheikh Burhan Al-Islam Al-Zarnuji. This research aims to know the forms of the augmented verbs and the benefits of the augmented verbs in the book "تعليم المتعلّم طريق التعليم" by Sheikh Burhan Al-Islam Al-Zarnuji. The method used in this research is the qualitative descriptive method. The method of data analysis is the researcher reducing the data by summarizing the data that contains the additional verbs, then presenting the data. The researcher then presents the research, deducing from the data that has been reduced and presented.
GENDER DISCRIMINATION PORTRAYED IN CAROL LYNCH WILLIAMS’ THE CHOSEN ONE
Authors: Alfarina Shella
Published: March 2023

Gender discrimination occurs because of the domination of beliefs and justifications instilled throughout human civilization in various forms experienced by women. This article aims to explain the kinds of gender discrimination experienced by Kyra and its impacts on her in Carol Lynch Williams’ The Chosen One (2009). This study is categorized into literary criticism and applies the theory of gender discrimination proposed by Wolf (1993) & (2002). This study found four kinds of gender discrimination: gender discrimination in marriage, gender discrimination in education, gender discrimination in religion, and gender discrimination in the domestic area. First, the impact of gender discrimination in marriage is pregnancy disorders that cause death and mental disorders, psychological disorders, and negative assumption. Second, the impact of gender discrimination in education is the loss of the right to get a position in government. Third, the impact of gender discrimination in religion is excessive fanaticism. Finally, the impact of gender discrimination in the domestic area is death.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Zulaihah Siti , Rahmaniah Aniek
Published: March 2023

The low understanding of students in social science subject matter due to the use of learning models that are not suitable for students, if this is left alone, it will affect the low interest in learning students so that the learning outcomes are also less satisfactory. The purpose of this study is to determine: (1) planning a direct instruction learning model on social science subjects in MTs Muhammadiyah 09 Weru, Paciran, Lamongan; (2) the application of direct instruction learning models to improve student interest and learning outcomes; (3) inhibiting factors in increasing student interest and learning outcomes using a direct instruction learning model. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique uses observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that the application of the direct instruction learning model was able to increase students' interest and learning outcomes in social science subjects. The increase in students' interest in learning is in accordance with the indicators of interest in learning, namely the feeling of liking; active participation in activities; paying more attention without anyone telling, as well as learning outcomes as evidenced by an increase in competency test scores. The increase in interest and learning outcomes also does not escape the inhibiting factors such as the less strategic state of the classroom, as well as interference from friends outside the classroom.

Abstrak

Rendahnya pemahaman siswa pada materi pelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial karena penggunaan model pembelajaran yang kurang sesuai dengan siswa, jika hal tersebut dibiarkan saja maka akan berpengaruh pada rendahnya minat belajar siswa sehingga hasil belajarnya juga kurang memuaskan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) perencanaan model pembelajaran direct instruction pada mata pelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial di MTs Muhammadiyah 09 Weru, Paciran, Lamongan; (2) penerapan model pembelajaran direct instruction untuk meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa; (3) faktor penghambat dalam meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran direct instruction. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran direct instruction mampu meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial. Peningkatan minat belajar siswa sudah sesuai dengan indikator dari minat belajar yaitu perasaan lebih menyukai; partisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan; memberi perhatian lebih tanpa ada yang menyuruh, begitupun dengan hasil belajar yang dibuktikan dengan peningkatan nilai uji kompetensi. Dalam peningkatan minat dan hasil belajar juga tak luput dari faktor penghambatnya seperti keadaan ruang kelas yang kurang strategis, serta gangguan dari teman luar kelas.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS WEBSITE GOOGLE SITES DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Wulandari Stevi , Zuhroh Ni'matuz
Published: March 2023

The development of technology certainly has a major impact on the world of education, one of which is the innovation of learning media. The existence of this learning media innovation, the teacher can increase student learning motivation which will also have an impact on student learning outcomes. This study to develop interactive learning media based on the google sites website in improving learning outcomes in social studies subjects at Ngebruk Islamic Junior High School. The method used is the R&D method. This study used 3 classes, namely the experimental class, the experimental class and the control class with 20 students. The results obtained in the experimental class through the pre test post test, namely the pre test value of 77.8 post test of 82.7. The control class had a pre-test score of 73.2, post-test 80.6. For the validation assessment, media experts get a score of 94%, material experts, 78%, social studies teachers 78%, student responses 80%-100%. It can be concluded that the implementation of the learning media on the google sites website can improve learning outcomes in social studies subjects at the Ngebruk Islamic Middle School. Then it can be said that this development media is feasible and does not need revision and the responses of students who feel happy.

Abstrak

Perkembangan teknologi tentunya memiliki dampak besar bagi dunia pendidikan, salah satunya yaitu inovasi media pembelajaran. Adanya inovasi  media pembelajaran, guru bisa menambah motivasi belajar siswa yang nantinya juga akan berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis website google sites dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajara IPS di SMP Islam Ngebruk. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode R&D. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 kelas yaitu kelas uji coba, eksperimen, dan kelas kontrol ada 20 siswa. Hasil yang didapatkan pada kelas eksperimen melalui pre test post test yaitu nilai pretes 77,8 postes 82,7. Kelas kontrol nilai pretes 73,2 postes 80,6. Untuk penilaian validasi ahli media mendapatkan nilai 94%, ahli materi, 78%, guru IPS 78%, respon siswa 80%-100%. Bisa disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan media pembelajaran website google sites ini bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS di SMP Islam Ngebruk dikatakan media pengembangan ini layak dan tidak perlu revisi serta respon siswa yang merasa senang.
لَواعجُ الحبّ عند الشاعر محمد مهدي بهاء الدين الصَّيادي الشهير بالرَّواس قراءة في باب (الغراميّات) من ديوان (معراج القلوب)
Authors: KATEA Samer
Published: March 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعريف بشخصية الشاعر الصوفي محمد مهدي بهاء الدين الصيادي الشهير بالرَّوّاس، والتنويه بمكانته بين شعراء التصوف في العصر العثماني. من خلال الحديث عن سيرة حياته اعتمادًا على ما دوّنه في كتابه (بوارق الحقائق) الذي يُعدُ نموذجا فريدا لفنِّ السيرة الذاتية لشاعرٍ صوفيّ، آثر الخفاء على الظهور، إمعاناً منه في الزهد بما في أيدي الناس. وقد شجّعنا على كتابة هذا البحث اعتقادنا أن الرواس لم ينل نصيبا من عناية الباحثين، مع غزارة إنتاجه الشعري والنثري، ويرجع السبب في ذلك إلى قلّة شهرته في عصره، وزهده في الدنيا وانقطاعه عن أهلها، فخملَ ذِكرُه بين الناس على الرغم من عُلوِّ كعبه في فنّ الشعر. وقد وقف البحث على أهم مراحل حياة الشاعر من مولده إلى نشأته الأولى، وعرّفنا بشيوخه وتلامذته، ثم تحدّثنا عن مرحلتين في حياته: الأولى في طلبه للعلم الشرعي الذي مكّنه من الوقوف على الضوابط والأحكام الشرعية، والثانية في سياحته الصوفية التي طبعت شخصيته وشعره بطابع العرفان والتصوف، وذكرنا أهمَّ مؤلفاته النثرية وهو كتاب (بوارق الحقائق) الذي قصّ فيه سيرته الذاتية، وأشهر دواوينه الشعرية المسمّى (معراج القلوب) الذي أودعه رؤيته الصوفية، وقسّمه إلى سبعة أبواب فريدة، اخترنا منها باب (الغراميّات) لنسلّط الضوء على لواعج الحب عند الرواس، ووصفه معاناة الوجد وآثار العشق، بأسلوب بديع شائق يشفّ عن نفس عاشقة توّاقة لرؤية الأحبّة.
LOCOMOTOR DISABILITY AMONG ADULT POPULATION OF A NORTH INDIAN DISTRICT: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Jain Shankul , Khalique Najam , Ahmad Sameena , Khan Mohd Najmul Aqib , Maroof Mohd , Shah Mohammad Salman
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Disability, which has been deemed  as a significant public health problem in our country, in any form, be it correctable or not, tends to hamper the day to day life of the affected person. It affects their personal as well as professional life to a great extent, and creates a lack of confidence and difficulty in social interactions. To assess the burden of locomotor disability, its socio-demographic correlates, and suggest measures to improve the life of people with disability. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted in areas under the rural and urban health training centers, using a pretested and validated questionnaire along with appropriate examination of the involved system. A total of 900 individuals were included. The study duration was July 2017 to June 2018. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The total prevalence of disability (of any type) contributed to 13.6% while locomotor disability was found to be 4.44% in the study population. Significant association of locomotor disability was observed with age, gender, marital status and occupation (p <0.05). Conclusion: Availability and accessibility of rehabilitation centers at the peripheral areas, along with creating community awareness towards it, may prove to be a step in the right direction to alleviate the discomfort of the people living with disability.
DETERMINANTS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN RURAL POOR AREAS: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Gayatri Maria
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Meeting the demands of reproductive health among women poses persistent issues, particularly for impoverished and rural women who face impediments to healthcare services. The goal of this study was to explore the factors that influence contraceptive use among poor women in Indonesian rural areas. Methods: This study is a further analysis of Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The respondents were 10,199 poor women who lived in rural areas in Indonesia. This quantitative study is analyzed by using logistic regression adjusted for complex sample. Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use among respondents was 63.1% consisting of 4.4% traditional users and 58.7% modern contraceptive users. The occupation of the husband and the wish to have no more children were both linked to the usage of contraceptive methods among impoverished women in rural areas. Young women (aged 15-34) with a high parity (three and more), who had secondary education or less, who went to the health facilities, and who lived in Java-Bali were more likely to utilize contraceptive methods. Conclusion: Despite the numerous hurdles to reproductive healthcare, it is critical to focus on methods to improve contraceptive use among poor women in rural areas.
WORKERS’ BEHAVIOR AND FORCED VITAL CAPACITY (FVC) BATIK WORKERS IN BATIK JETIS VILLAGE, SIDOARJO
Authors: Arfiani Novi Dian , Azizah R. , Nugroho Mohammad Apriyan , Jalaludin Juliana
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Batik is the art of drawing on the surface of the cloth. The process of making batik can cause problems for worker’s health. Batik workers interacted directly with chemical materials when producing batik and this material was dangerous for their health. This study aims to determine the behavior and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) of batik industry workers in Kampung Batik Jetis, Sidoarjo. Method: This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted from August to October 2019, located in the batik industry of Batik Jetis Village, Sidoarjo sub-District, Sidoarjo District. The sample was taken by total sampling with Inclusion criteria are research subjects who had age more than 20 years old and willing to be a research sample. Samples consisted of 9 batik workers from Batik Jetis village. Data were collected by observation and interviews, and the measuring of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) using a spirometer. Result: Showed that 66.67% of respondents are ≥50 years old, 66.67% respondents in the obese category, 77.78% respondents had worked for more than 10 years, 33.33% respondents with a duration of work> 8 hours/day, 77.78% did not have smoking behavior, only 1 respondent (11.11%) had abnormal FVC. Conclusion: In summary, increase of age, abnormal nutritional status, working period, long duration of exposure and smoking behavior can cause FVC abnormalities, while physical activity (sports) has a positive relationship to FVC.
Potential of artificial intelligence in the risk stratification for and early detection of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Tovar Daniela R. , Rosenthal Michael H. , Maitra Anirban , Koay Eugene J.
Published: March 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third most lethal cancer in the United States, with a 5-year life expectancy of 11%. Most symptoms manifest at an advanced stage of the disease when surgery is no longer appropriate. The dire prognosis of PDAC warrants new strategies to improve the outcomes of patients, and early detection has garnered significant attention. However, early detection of PDAC is most often incidental, emphasizing the importance of developing new early detection screening strategies. Due to the low incidence of the disease in the general population, much of the focus for screening has turned to individuals at high risk of PDAC. This enriches the screening population and balances the risks associated with pancreas interventions. The cancers that are found in these high-risk individuals by MRI and/or EUS screening show favorable 73% 5-year overall survival. Even with the emphasis on screening in enriched high-risk populations, only a minority of incident cancers are detected this way. One strategy to improve early detection outcomes is to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) into biomarker discovery and risk models. This expert review summarizes recent publications that have developed AI algorithms for the applications of risk stratification of PDAC using radiomics and electronic health records. Furthermore, this review illustrates the current uses of radiomics and biomarkers in AI for early detection of PDAC. Finally, various challenges and potential solutions are highlighted regarding the use of AI in medicine for early detection purposes.
Selenium nanomaterials enabled flexible and wearable electronics
Authors: Dang Chao , Liu Mingyang , Lin Zhiwei , Yan Wei
Published: March 2023

Selenium (Se), as an intriguing chalcogenide semiconductor, has traditionally been used for solar energy harvesting. The recent development of nanoscience and nanotechnology has enabled a myriad of Se nanomaterials with compelling structures and unique features. Compared with other chalcogens, Se nanomaterials possess anisotropic crystalline structure, intrinsic chirality, and high reactivity, as well as unique optical, electrical, photoconductive, and piezoelectrical properties. The integration of these Se nanomaterials with technologically important materials, such as conductors and semiconductors, over flexible, bendable, stretchable, and highly curved substrates offer a new generation of Se nanomaterial-based flexible and wearable electronics. In this mini review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in Se nanomaterials-enabled flexible and wearable electronics. We highlight the synthesis, fabrication, morphologies, structure, and properties (optical, electrical, optoelectrical, photovoltaic, and piezoelectric) of Se nanomaterials as well as their integration into innovative functional devices that deliver higher forms of applications across smart sensing, health care, and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will trigger the continued progress of the field.
Ultrahigh-Pressure Mineral Inclusions in a Crustal Granite: Evidence for a Novel Transcrustal Transport Mechanism
Authors: Thomas Rainer , Davidson Paul , Rericha Adolf , Recknagel Ulrich
Published: March 2023

We previously described spherical crystals in minerals from prismatine-bearing rock from Waldheim, including ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) minerals such as stishovite and coesite, in uncommon crustal environments. To determine if this was an outlier phenomenon, we searched for equivalent inclusions in other rocks, which we indeed discovered in a Variscan tin granite sensu stricto from the Erzgebirge. The identification of more examples of this phenomenon implies a novel, very rapid transcrustal transport mechanism, which however is not unique. We demonstrate the unusual occurrence of UHP minerals (moissanite, diamond, lonsdaleite, stishovite, coesite, kumdykolite, and cristobalite-II) in topaz of granitic rocks, which reflects the direct interaction of mantle and crust via supercritical fluids or extremely volatile-rich melts. Most UHP minerals are tiny inclusions in moissanite. The trapping by this mineral prevents a fast reaction in an extraneous environment.
Comparison of Medium-Term Efficacy of Japas Osteotomy and First Metatarsal Osteotomy in the Treatment of Children With Ca-Vovarus Deformity
Authors: Arthur Vithran Djandan Tadum
Published: March 2023

Background: To compare the clinical efficacy of Japas osteotomy of the middle foot and first metatarsal sequence osteotomy in treating children with cavovarus foot deformity. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical effect of cavovarus foot surgery from January 2012 to January 2019. Thirty light and medium cavovarus foot cases underwent osteotomy based on soft tissue release. Among them, 16 cases of 22 feet underwent first metatarsal sequence osteotomy, and 14 cases of 21 feet underwent middle foot Japas osteotomy. Ankle-posterior foot (Wicart) scoring system was used to evaluate the good and good rates of the two surgical methods. X-ray films were taken before and after the last follow-up in a standing weight-bearing position, and Meary Angle, Hibb Angle, and Pitch Angle were measured to compare the clinical efficacy of the two surgical methods in correcting the light and medium-cavovarus foot deformity.Results: (1) All patients were followed up for an average of 30 months. There was no significant difference in Meary, Hibb, and Pitch Angle between first metatarsal osteotomy and middle foot Japas osteotomy before surgery, indicating that the severity of malformation was similar between the two groups. (2) The Meary, Hibb, and Pitch Angle of the last follow-up were compared between the two groups (P>0.05), which showed no statistical significance, indicating that the two surgical methods had similar effects on cavovarus deformity correction. (3) At the most recent follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the percentage of patients who achieved an excellent or good Wicart score; for the first metatarsal osteotomy group, the rate was 87%, and for the Japas osteotomy group was 90%; the Fisher test p>0.05 indicates that the postoperative excellent and good rates of the two treatments are comparable.II (4) Comparison of operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups, P<0.05, showed statistically significant differences, indicating that the first metatarsal osteotomy had obvious advantages over Japas osteotomy operation time and intraoperative blood loss. Conclusions: There is no significant difference in postoperative efficacy between first metatarsal osteotomy and Japas osteotomy for light and medium-cavovarus with the apex of the deformity located at the medial cuneus or navicular cuneiform joint. However, the intraoperative blood loss and operative time of first metatarsal osteotomy are superior to Japas osteotomy of the middle foot, and the trauma to children is less. Therefore, the first metatarsal osteotomy can be considered a surgical procedure.
Case Report : Cervical Cellular Angiofibroma
Authors: Hidayatullah Mohammad Syarif , Arifuddin Sharvianty , Rakhmah Nur
Published: March 2023

Background: Cellular angiofibroma is a rare benign tumor in the distal genitalia introduced by Nucci et al in 1997 that can occur in both women and men with an age range of 46 – 54 years. In women it usually occurs in the vulva and vagina. These tumors are often diagnosed as Bartholin cysts, vulvar cysts, myomas, and unspecified complex tumors.

Objective: Report a case of cellular angiofibroma previously diagnosed with cervical myoma

Case: A 51-year-old female patient para 5 abortion 0 with complaints of lumps that have been felt to come in and out since 4 months but since 1 week it feels enlarged and cannot be inserted again, and diagnosed as cervical tumor. History of menopause since 1 year ago. The general condition of the patient is good with vital signs within normal limits. On physical examination of the abdomen, there was no tumor mass, tenderness or flux. On inspection, there was a reddish mass coming out of the vaginal introitus with some blackish necrotic appearance. On vaginal examination, a mass with a solid consistency was found with the impression of the cervix with a border of the tumor stalk that was not palpable. In this patient, Total Abdominal Hysterectomy and Bilateral Salpingoophorectomy were performed and the tissue was examined for anatomical pathology with cervical angiofibroma results with non-specific chronic inflammation and atypical complex endometrial gland hyperplasia. 

Conclusion : Cellular angiofibroma is a rare tumor that usually occur in the vulva and vagina, which is often diagnosed as Bartholin's cyst, vulvar cyst, myoma and unspecified complex tumor. Action in the form of total excision of tumor tissue gives a low recurrence.

Keywords : Cervical angiofibroma, cervical tumor
Kartezyen Metafiziğin Kurucu İlkeleri
Authors: BERKE Zeynep
Published: March 2023

Bir filozofun felsefe tarihinde oynadığı rolü kavramak ve “ne” söylediğini tam anlamıyla idrak etmek için öncelikle filozofun tüm bunları “neden” söylediğini; hangi soruların ısrarla cevap talep ederek onun uykularını kaçırdığını; kısacası filozofun “derdinin” ne olduğunu anlamamız gerekmektedir. Bir eli Ortaçağa diğeri moderniteye uzanan bir düşünür olarak Descartes, devrim ve krizler çağı olarak adlandırabileceğimiz 17. Yüzyıl Avrupa’sına şahitlik etmiştir. Nitekim onun felsefi sistemi, dönemin ruhunu her yönüyle yansıtmaktadır ve ancak bu arka plan ışığında anlaşılır hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kartezyen metafiziğin kurucu ilkelerini, filozofun asli problemini ve nihai amacını hesaba katarak yeniden değerlendirmek ve nihayetinde töz düalizminin, insan zihnine, özgür iradeye ve ahlaka yer açma projesinin zorunlu bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıktığını göstermektedir.
Newton-Kantorovich Method for Solving One of the Non-Linear Sturm-Liouville Problems
Authors: Abugirda Hussien A. H. , Al-Yasiri Khaldoun S. , Abdullah Mohammed Kh.
Published: March 2023

Due to its importance in physics and applied mathematics, the non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems witnessed massive attention since 1960. A powerful Mathematical technique called the Newton-Kantorovich method is applied in this work to one of the non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this technique of Newton-Kantorovich has never been applied before to solve the non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems under consideration. Accordingly, the purpose of this work is to show that this important specific kind of non-linear Sturm-Liouville differential equations problems can be solved by applying the well-known Newton-Kantorovich method. Also, to show the efficiency of applying this method to solve these problems, a comparison is made in this paper between the Newton-Kantorovich method and the Adomian decomposition method applied to the same non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems under consideration in this work. As a result of this comparison, the results of the Newton-Kantorovich method agreed with the results obtained by applying Adomian’s decomposition method.
Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Oxide Impregnated on Silica from Duck Egg Shells and Rice Husks as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Synthesis
Authors: Haryono Haryono , Ishmayana Safri , Fauziyah Isy
Published: March 2023

Biodiesel can be prepared from various types of vegetable oils or animal fats with the aid of a catalyst. Calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the prospective heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis. Modification of CaO by impregnation on silica (SiO2) can improve the performance of CaO as catalyst. Egg shells and rice husks as biomass waste can be used as raw materials for the preparation of the silica modified CaO catalyst. The present study was directed to synthesize and characterize CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst from biomass waste and apply it as catalyst in biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation method and characterized by x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and basicity density. The activity of the catalyst in biodiesel synthesis was assayed at different molar ratios of palm oil to methanol ranging from 1:6, 1:9, 1:12 and 1:15. The biodiesel composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and the properties of the biodiesel were also characterized. The results showed that the CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst was successfully synthesized based on confirmation by XRD and XRF. The catalyst has a surface area, average pore diameter, total pore volume, and basicity density of 19.38 m2/g, 3.22 nm, 0.0122 cm3/g, and 3.4 mmol/g, respectively. The catalyst activity assay indicates that the molar ratio of palm oil to methanol of 1:12 is the optimum condition for biodiesel synthesis. At this molar ratio, 81.4% biodiesel yield was achieved, and it met the quality standards according to ASTM D 6751.
A State-Of-The-Art Methodology in Live Measuring of Stimulated Reservoir Volume (SRV)
Authors: Assem Ahmed , Ibrahim Ahmed Farid , Sinkey Matt , Johnston Tom , Marouf Shabnam
Published: March 2023

Shale well performance depends mainly on stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) which is generated from the hydraulic fracture job. The hydraulic fracture requires a mixture of fluid and proppant per feet to increase well recovery factor. Production rate of shale wells is related to the stimulated rock volume during the fracture treatments. Horizontal well spacing and depletion also play a significant role in optimizing SRV for each well.

This paper presents a method of improving and measuring SRV during a frac job by using neural network technology to guide frac operation in achieving the maximum SRV per injected fluid volume. Also, this technique can detect well-to-well interference, in case of a parent/child completion, and optimize frac hits. The guided system makes frac time more efficient and generates an efficient SRV with high connectivity to wellbore. The generated SRV per each stage is integrated with leak-off SRV to confirm the SRV volume and conductivity of each fracture system.

Actual field cases from oil and gas shale frac data are presented with live measurements of SRV for each stage followed by leak-off connected stimulated surface volume. The new method demonstrates that this concept can be used to improve completion design, well spacing, and placement strategies

The paper proposes a technology that will help shale producers optimize and measure SRV during frac operation without paying for or installing extra equipment after the pressure gauge.
Application of Geo-Engineering Integrated Technologies for Ultradeep Longmaxi Shale Gas Life Cycle Management, Sichuan Basin
Authors: Jiang LiWei , Zhao Chunduan , Peng Jun , Wang Lipeng , Liu Chenglin , Li Qingshan , Huang Yongjie , Cao Bowen , Tian Hong
Published: March 2023

A huge variation in well performance was observed in Longmaxi shale gas wells, in Yongchuan block, Sichuan Basin. The Longmaxi shale was buried deeper than 3500 m with complex structures, in-situ stress, and natural fracture corridors, which makes well performance very uncertain. Horizontal well length was greater than 2000 m and proppant intensity was higher than 3.5 t/m.

To solve these challenges in an ultradeep shale gas play, a multidisciplinary and life cycle management strategy was proposed and practiced. Initially, geology and geophysics (G&G) work using seismic data revealed the exact geological structures with folds, faults, and natural fractures. Then the study turned to 3D high-resolution geological and geomechanics modeling to identify the sweet spots and high drilling and completion risks areas. With the deep G&G understanding, the well drilling and completion design were proposed, executed, and iterated by onsite diagnosis and support to place high-quality hydraulic fractures. Finally, the production strategy was optimized to keep the flow path undamaged during its life cycle.

The detailed study and post-fracture well performance indicate that the successful ultradeep shale gas development in the Longmaxi in the Sichuan Basin relies on:

Placing the wells where there are fewer faults but more natural fractures Identifying the stages with high screenout and casing failure risks, thereby levering the 3D G&G model Creating the completion design by considering the screenout and casing failure risks Executing the completion design successfully by onsite diagnosis and support, leveraging on the 3D G&G model, microseismic data, and treating pressure trend Enhancing the 3D model accuracy by iterations with observation data Minimizing the propped fracture damage by adjusting the choke size during the production phase

With the high-resolution quality management on well drilling, completion, and production management, the well outperformed 100% more than the neighboring wells. The geoengineering integration values were highlighted in both the in-house study and field operations, and this strategy could be duplicated to other candidates approaching their drilling, completion, and production engineering's limits under complex geological conditions.