bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fig. S12 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Metabolomic profiling in respective immune subtypes. Box plots showing abundances of immune-related amino acids and metabolites in LUAD (n=29) (Cold; n=3, Myeloid; n=17, CD8; n=9) and LUSQ (n=24) (Cold; n=8, Myeloid; n=13, CD8; n=3). ns; not significant. * p<0.05. **P<0.01.
FIGURE 6 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Characteristics of genomic alterations as a function of immune subtype. Numbers of cases analyzed using WES were LUAD (n = 69; Cold, n = 13; Myeloid, n = 31; CD8, n = 25), and LUSQ (n = 45; Cold, n = 11; Myeloid, n = 19; CD8, n = 15). Number of cases analyzed using RNA-seq for fusion genes are the same as described in Fig. 4. A–F, Characteristics of gene alterations. Number of patients are indicated in each column. Mutations of EGFR, TP53, KRAS, STK11, and RB1 in LUAD (A) and LUSQ (B) were analyzed using WES. ALK and ROS1 fusion genes in LUAD (C) and LUSQ (D) were analyzed with RNA-seq. Amplification or loss of MET and TERT in LUAD (E) and LUSQ (F) were analyzed using WES. Differences in gene alterations for immune subtypes in LUAD (G) and LUSQ (H) plotted as P values determined using Fisher exact test w. In the dot plots, red circles indicate P ≤ 0.05 and the filled red circle indicates Holm-adjusted P ≤ 0.2.
FIGURE 4 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Immunologic characteristics of immune subtypes based on TIL profiling. Numbers of cases analyzed using RNA-seq were LUAD (n = 72; Cold, n = 14; Myeloid, n = 33; CD8, n = 25) and LUSQ (n = 44; Cold, n = 10; Myeloid, n = 18; CD8, n = 16). A, Expression of IFNγ and granzyme B as a function of immune subtype. B, Scores of type I IFN and IFNγ signatures as a function of immune subtype. Expression levels and scores were obtained from RNA-seq. C, Boxplots showing Shannon entropies of canonical TCR repertoires (TCRα, TCRβ, TCRδ, and TCRγ) as a function of immune subtype. D, Expression of immune checkpoint molecules as a function of immune subtype. PDCD1, CD274, HAVCR2, and LAG3 expression levels are obtained from RNA-seq. E and F, Radar plots showing immunograms of immune subtypes; axes were generated with the IGS. Median IGS is plotted in red. LUAD (E). LUSQ (F).
FIGURE 3 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Patient outcomes in immune subtypes. A and B, Kaplan–Meier EFS curves for subtypes of LUAD (A) and LUSQ (B). P values were calculated by multivariate Cox regression. C and D, Relationships of cell density (left) with �45 (right) for each immune cell type infiltrated in tumors to patient prognosis in LUAD (C) and LUSQ (D). Z-scores from Cox proportional hazards analysis are plotted; in the plots, red dots indicate P ≤ 0.05. E and F, Differences in histopathologic findings for immune subtypes of LUAD (E) and LUS (F). The P values determined using Fisher exact test w are plotted; in the plots, red circles indicate P ≤ 0.05 and filled red circles indicate Holm-adjusted P ≤ 0.2. G and H, Frequencies of each classification in immune subtypes in LUAD (G) and LUSQ (H). Numbers of patients are indicated in the bar segments.
Data from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Resistance to immune checkpoint blockade remains challenging in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumor-infiltrating leukocyte (TIL) quantity, composition, and activation status profoundly influence responsiveness to cancer immunotherapy. This study examined the immune landscape in the NSCLC tumor microenvironment by analyzing TIL profiles of 281 fresh resected NSCLC tissues. Unsupervised clustering based on numbers and percentages of 30 TIL types classified adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSQ) into the cold, myeloid cell–dominant, and CD8+ T cell–dominant subtypes. These were significantly correlated with patient prognosis; the myeloid cell subtype had worse outcomes than the others. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses, including RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, T-cell receptor repertoire, and metabolomics of tumor tissue, revealed that immune reaction–related signaling pathways were inactivated, while the glycolysis and K-ras signaling pathways activated in LUAD and LUSQ myeloid cell subtypes. Cases with ALK and ROS1 fusion genes were enriched in the LUAD myeloid subtype, and the frequency of TERT copy-number variations was higher in LUSQ myeloid subtype than in the others. These classifications of NSCLC based on TIL status may be useful for developing personalized immune therapies for NSCLC.
Significance:
The precise TIL profiling classified NSCLC into novel three immune subtypes that correlates with patient outcome, identifying subtype-specific molecular pathways and genomic alterations that should play important roles in constructing subtype-specific immune tumor microenvironments. These classifications of NSCLC based on TIL status are useful for developing personalized immune therapies for NSCLC.
DLBCL: Erfolgversprechende Ergebnisse mit bispezifischen Antikörpern bei r/r Patienten
Authors: Claus Rainer
Published: June 2023

Im 2. Teil ihrer Phase-1/2-Studie nahmen Dickinson et al. Patienten mit rezidiviertem oder refraktärem DLBCL unter die Lupe, die zuvor mindestens zwei Therapielinien erhalten hatten. Die Patienten erhielten eine Vorbehandlung mit Obinutuzumab zur Abschwächung des Zytokin-Freisetzungssyndroms, gefolgt von einer Glofitamab-Monotherapie mit fester Dauer (insgesamt 12 Zyklen). Der primäre Endpunkt war das vollständige Ansprechen gemäß der Bewertung durch einen unabhängigen Prüfungsausschuss. Zu den wichtigsten sekundären Endpunkten gehörten die Dauer des Ansprechens, das Überleben und die Sicherheit. Von den 155 Patienten, die in die Studie aufgenommen wurden, erhielten 154 mindestens eine Dosis einer Studienbehandlung (Obinutuzumab oder Glofitamab). Bei einer medianen Nachbeobachtungszeit von 12,6 Monaten hatten 39 % (95 % Konfidenzintervall [KI], 32 bis 48) der Patienten nach unabhängiger Prüfung ein vollständiges Ansprechen. Die Ergebnisse stimmten mit denen der 52 Patienten überein, die zuvor eine chimäre Antigenrezeptor-T-Zelltherapie erhalten hatten (35 % von ihnen hatten ein vollständiges Ansprechen). Die mediane Zeit bis zum vollständigen Ansprechen betrug 42 Tage (95% CI, 42 bis 44). Die Mehrzahl (78 %) der vollständigen Ansprecher war auch nach 12 Monaten noch vorhanden. Die 12-monatige progressionsfreie Überlebensrate betrug 37 % (95 % KI, 28 bis 46). Bei 9 % der Patienten wurde die Behandlung mit Glofitamab aufgrund unerwünschter Ereignisse abgebrochen. Das häufigste unerwünschte Ereignis war das Zytokin-Freisetzungssyndrom (bei 63 % der Patienten). Unerwünschte Ereignisse des Grades 3 oder höher traten bei 62 % der Patienten auf, wobei das Zytokin-Freisetzungssyndrom bei 4 % und neurologische Ereignisse des Grades 3 oder höher bei 3 % auftraten. Die Glofitamab-Therapie war bei DLBCL wirksam. Bei mehr als der Hälfte der Patienten traten unerwünschte Ereignisse des Grades 3 oder 4 auf.
Clinical Characteristics of an Italian Patient Population with Advanced BCC and Real-Life Evaluation of Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor Safety and Effectiveness
Authors: Mannino Maria , Piccerillo Alfredo , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Quaglino Pietro , Argenziano Giuseppe , Dika Emi , Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Pellacani Giovanni , Longo Caterina , Fargnoli Maria Concetta , Bianchi Luca , Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo , Zalaudek Iris , Fava Paolo , Scalvenzi Massimiliano , Bocchino Enrico , Di Stefani Alessandro , Peris Ketty ,   and Collaborators
Published: June 2023

Background: Advanced basal cell carcinoma (aBCC) represents a complex and clinically heterogeneous group of lesions for which curative surgery and/or radiotherapy is unlikely. Systemic therapy with hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HHIs) changed the treatment landscape for this complex patient population. Objectives: The aims of the present study are to describe the clinical characteristics of a real-life Italian cohort diagnosed with aBCC and to investigate effectiveness and safety of HHI. Methods: A multicenter observational study was performed by twelve Italian centers in the period January 1, 2016 – October 15, 2022. Patients aged ≥18 years and diagnosed with aBCC (locally advanced [laBCC] and metastatic BCC [mBCC]) were eligible for the study. Methods for investigating tumor response to HHI included clinical and dermatoscopic evaluation, radiological imaging, and histopathology. For HHI safety assessment, therapy-related adverse events (AEs) were reported and graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. Results: We enrolled 178 patients under treatment with HHI: 126 (70.8%) and 52 patients (29.2%) received sonidegib and vismodegib, respectively. Comprehensive data on HHI effectiveness and disease outcome were available for 132 (74.1%) of 178 patients: 129 patients had a diagnosis of laBCC (n = 84, sonidegib; n = 45, vismodegib) and 3 patients of mBCC (n = 2, vismodegib; n = 1, sonidegib, off-label). Objective response rate was 76.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.3–68.7) and 33.3% (95% CI: 88.2–1.7) for laBCC (complete response [CR]: 43/129; PR: 56/129) and mBCC (CR: 0/3; PR: 1/3), respectively. High-risk aBCC histopathological subtypes and occurrence of >2 therapy-related AEs were significantly associated with nonresponse to HHI therapy ([OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.09–6.05; p: 0.03] and [OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.03–7.9; p: 0.04]), respectively. Majority of our cohort (54.5%) developed at least 1 therapy-related AE, most of which were mild-moderate in severity. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the effectiveness and safety profile of HHI and confirm the reproducibility of pivotal trial results in real-life clinical setting.
Omi erù e pòpò: tentativa para uma etnografia audio-visual do festival de Yemoja no Ilé Àse Papela Mariwo Sesu
Authors: Silva Neto José Pedro da , Peter Steel Roderick
Published: June 2023

O ensaio é uma tentativa etnográfica audio-visual do festival de Yemoja realizado no território tradicional de matriz africana yorùbá chamado Ilé Àse Palepa Mariwo Sesu localizado na zona sul da cidade de São Paulo.

OBS: Coloco abaixo o título e subtitúlo com as palavras em yorùbá escritas corretamente, nos tópicos acima isso não foi possível.

OMI ERÙ E PÒPÒ: TENTATIVA PARA UMA ETNOGRAFIA AUDIO-VISUAL DO FESTIVAL DE YEMOJA NO ILÉ ÀSE PALEPA MARIWO SESU
Distanciamento social no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Landarini Sidarta Corrêa da Silva
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é ser um exercício mitopoético do gesto fotográfico, amparado pelas contribuições da antropologia visual. É do olhar proporcionado pela favela Pereira da Silva (Pereirão) para a zona sul carioca e o Pão de Açúcar que reflito sobre os diferentes sentidos da categoria "distanciamento social” durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Apresento a vista que se dispõe a minha frente como Rio de Janeiro “fantasia”, enquanto do lugar que realizo as fotografias como Rio “realista”. Porém, problematizo minha experiência nesta dualidade, ao me definir como sintoma e intruso no processo de gentrificação da favela, mas também como contraditório e “sem lugar” ao refletir sobre meu campo etnográfico, pois pelos “trajetos” que percorri, não pertenço a nenhum “pedaço”.
A knowledge graph-based deep learning framework for efficient content similarity search of Sustainable Development Goals data
Authors: Kilanioti Irene , Papadopoulos George A.
Published: June 2023

Sustainable development denotes the enhancement of living standards in the present without compromising future generations’ resources. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) quantify the accomplishment of sustainable development and pave the way for a world worth living in for future generations. Scholars can contribute to the achievement of the SDGs by guiding the actions of practitioners based on the analysis of SDG data, as intended by this work. We propose a framework of algorithms based on dimensionality reduction methods with the use of Hilbert Space Filling Curves (HSFCs) in order to semantically cluster new uncategorised SDG data and novel indicators, and efficiently place them in the environment of a distributed knowledge graph store. First, a framework of algorithms for insertion of new indicators and projection on the HSFC curve based on their transformer-based similarity assessment, for retrieval of indicators and load-balancing along with an approach for data classification of entrant-indicators is described. Then, a thorough case study in a distributed knowledge graph environment experimentally evaluates our framework. The results are presented and discussed in light of theory along with the actual impact that can have for practitioners analysing SDG data, including intergovernmental organizations, government agencies and social welfare organizations. Our approach empowers SDG knowledge graphs for causal analysis, inference, and manifold interpretations of the societal implications of SDG-related actions, as data are accessed in reduced retrieval times. It facilitates quicker measurement of influence of users and communities on specific goals and serves for faster distributed knowledge matching, as semantic cohesion of data is preserved.
The Wavelength Papers
Authors: Windhausen Federico
Published: June 2023

What remains of the North American avant-garde of the 1960s and ‘70s? Certainly many more films than filmmakers, but a paper trail as well. Housed in museums, university libraries, film archives, and personal collections across the United States and Canada, a decentralized and ever-expanding set of documents and ephemera is shaping and informing numerous research-based projects in curation, academic scholarship, and film restoration. And yet, in contrast to this contemporary trend, the collected papers of Michael Snow at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto have yet to be explored in depth. A notable exception is Elizabeth Legge's monograph on Snow's Wavelength (1967), which cites some of the notes he kept during the film's conceptualization and production.2 Because the analysis of those notes was not one of Legge's primary objectives, however, her book reproduces only three of the pages in Snow's Wavelength file.

The occasion of Snow's recent passing will doubtless be met by various forms of retrospection, and this small contribution to that extended moment of reflection makes available in print a greater number of the Wavelength files than have previously been published. They represent a rare instance of a canonical avant-garde film's being accompanied by a significant corpus of scribblings, illustrations, and diagrams. This selection, comprising twenty-four pages taken from the filmmaker's unbound notes, introduces some of the themes and questions that Snow was putting to paper during the project's year of gestation. Below, I offer a few remarks on those pages. They are admittedly somewhat arbitrary, but they are intended to bring to light some of the archive's lesser-known revelations.
An expanded description of Cnemaspis gracilis (Beddome 1870) (Squamata: Gekkonidae) based on recent material
Authors: KHANDEKAR AKSHAY , GAIKWAD SUNIL M. , PAL SAUNAK , THACKERAY TEJAS , AGARWAL ISHAN
Published: June 2023

Cnemaspis gracilis is a poorly known species that has been reported from across southern India, with 11 named species within the clade. The species is known only from the type series, as many other records from areas outside the type locality have turned out to represent distinct species. We provide an expanded morphological description of the species based on topotypic material and other samples that were assigned using genetic data. Cnemaspis gracilis is now known with certainty from three localities in the vicinity of Palakkad, Palakkad District, Kerala, and Valparai town, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, besides from an introduced population in the Timber Market, Kolhapur city, Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India. The species is 7.6–15.8 % divergent on the ND2 gene from described members of the gracilis clade and can be diagnosed by a combination of morphological characters including body size, number of paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions, number of dorsal tubercle rows, number of ventral scale rows across the belly, number of femoral and precloacal pores and poreless scales separating these series in males, and the presence of a single central black ocellus on the neck and a smaller one on the occiput. The assignment of extant populations to the species, a detailed morphological description and genetic data will allow the description of many more species from within this diverse clade of diurnal geckos.
Resurrection of Oxythyrea abigailoides Mikšić, 1978 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) based on new morphological, morphometrical and molecular data
Authors: KRÁL DAVID , ŠÍPEK PETR , SOMMER DAVID , VONDRÁČEK DOMINIK
Published: June 2023

Oxythyrea abigailoides Mikšić, 1978, resurrected species, is removed from synonymy with Oxythyrea dulcis Reitter, 1899 and regarded as a separate species. The differential diagnosis of both species is presented on the basis of clearly different morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. Complete chresonomy to both species is given and known geographical distribution to date is summarized and mapped.
Southern Hemisphere Storm Tracks and Large-Scale Variability: What Do the Latest Reanalyses Say?
Authors: Campbell Isaac , Renwick James A.
Published: June 2023

In this study, we explore linkages between the monthly mean 500 hPa height field (Z500) and its high-frequency variability over 2–8-day periods, a proxy for Southern Hemisphere storm track activity. We apply maximum covariance analysis to identify leading modes of covariability between the Z500 and high-frequency variance anomalies on monthly and submonthly time scales, using two reanalysis products. We also calculate covariance with indices of large-scale variability [Southern Annular Mode (SAM), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and zonal wave 3 (ZW3)]. We find large-scale circulation patterns emerge as prominent modes of covariability, particularly SAM and ENSO, accounting for 11.1% and 7.8% of covariability on the monthly scale, respectively. The seasonal cycle plays a prominent role in explaining variability in both SAM and ENSO interactions with the storm track. We find that despite a broadly linear response, both SAM and ENSO teleconnections present additional complexities and nonlinearities. Despite strong ZW3 signals in the mean height field, its influence on the high-frequency variance field remains unclear. We conclude the mean height field is most likely strongly linked with high-frequency variance, but interference from other influences may lead to an inconsistent response. We note both fields have an apparent hemispheric response to the SAM, but ENSO has a more regional response and ZW3 a relatively incoherent response. This suggests ENSO and ZW3 patterns depend less on feedbacks between the storm track and the mean height field than the SAM.
ENSO Modulation of Global MJO and Its Impacts on South America
Authors: Fernandes Laís G. , Grimm Alice M.
Published: June 2023

Changes in the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and its impacts on the South American monsoon season during different El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) states [El Niño (EN), La Niña (LN), neutral (NT)] are analyzed in the global context of the MJO-propagating anomalies of convection and circulation. The background ENSO-related changes influence several aspects of MJO (relative occurrence of phases, propagation, convection, and teleconnections), and therefore modify the MJO impacts on South America (SA), such as precipitation anomalies and frequency of extreme events, as well as their distribution throughout the MJO cycle. Among the changes are the following: 1) a delay in the teleconnection between the central-east Pacific and SA, from MJO phase 8 in LN (MJOLNphase8) to MJO phase1 in EN (MJOENphase1); 2) enhanced MJO convection in the central-east subtropical South Pacific in MJOLNphases7 + 8 and a little farther east in MJOENphases8 + 1, in a region efficient in generating teleconnections that produce rainfall anomalies over central-east SA (CESA), especially the South Atlantic convergence zone (SACZ), strongest one phase earlier in LN (MJOLNphase8) than in EN (MJOENphase1), and a little shifted east in the latter than in the former; 3) enhancement of the extratropical teleconnection and its impacts over the SACZ in both EN and LN (with regard to NT), indicating nonlinear effects on MJO impacts over SA; 4) predominant increase (or reduction) in the frequency of extreme events over SA regions where both ENSO and MJO contribute in the same direction, with the greatest increase over CESA during EN in MJOENphase1 and over Southeast SA (SESA) in MJOENphase3.

Significance Statement

The changes produced by different El Niño–Southern Oscillation background states (neutral, El Niño, La Niña) in the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and its impacts on precipitation over South America (SA) are disclosed for the austral summer monsoon season, when MJO is strongest. The reliability of the results is enhanced by using observed rainfall data. The background states affect MJO propagation, circulation, and convection, producing significant differences in precipitation and extremes over densely populated regions, besides phase shifts of the strongest impacts. The results are relevant to subseasonal prediction, since MJO is a key predictability source, to validate models and describe realistically the impacts over SA in each MJO phase. Models’ skill in simulating these results is assessed in a follow-up work.
Whether Live or Online, Participation is Unequal: Exploring Inequality in the Cultural Participation Patterns in the United States
Authors: Ateca-Amestoy Victoria , Prieto-Rodriguez Juan
Published: June 2023

Cultural participation is an individual activity with relevant social dimensions. Democratic societies are concerned about the representation of social groups in cultural audiences and promote policies to increase participation focusing on planning aspects, such as in creative placemaking, or educational policies and social interventions targeted at some underrepresented social groups. Using the data derived from the 2017 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts from the United States, we estimate generalized entropy indexes to explore the more relevant dimensions to explain divides in cultural participation across the U.S. adult population, considering geographical and sociodemographic variables. Cultural engagement is characterized by the participation by highbrow, lowbrow, passive, active, live, and digital activities. Overall, we find that spatial and racial characteristics are not the most relevant, while education appears to be the most important source to explain access inequality. The pattern of digital participation is remarkably similar to the pattern of physical participation, thus showing some evidence that the divide and stratification of cultural practices in the real world translates to digital practices.
Nationwide Outcomes of Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Malignancies: Center Volume Matters
Authors: Huerta Carlos Theodore , Collier Amber L. , Hernandez Alexandra E. , Rodriguez Cindy , Shah Ankit , Kronenfeld Joshua P. , Franceschi Dido F. , Sleeman Danny , Livingstone Alan S. , Thorson Chad M.
Published: June 2023

Background

Complex surgeries such as pancreaticoduodenectomies (PD) have been shown to have better outcomes when performed at high-volume centers (HVCs) compared to low-volume centers (LVCs). Few studies have compared these factors on a national level. The purpose of this study was to analyze nationwide outcomes for patients undergoing PD across hospital centers with different surgical volumes.

Methods

The Nationwide Readmissions Database (2010-2014) was queried for all patients who underwent open PD for pancreatic carcinoma. High-volume centers were defined as hospitals where 20 or more PDs were performed per year. Sociodemographic factors, readmission rates, and perioperative outcomes were compared before and after propensity score-matched analysis (PSMA) for 76 covariates including demographics, hospital factors, comorbidities, and additional diagnoses. Results were weighted for national estimates.

Results

A total of 19,810 patients were identified with age 66 ± 11 years. There were 6,840 (35%) cases performed at LVCs, and 12,970 (65%) at HVCs. Patient comorbidities were greater in the LVC cohort, and more PDs were performed at teaching hospitals in the HVC cohort. These discrepancies were controlled for with PSMA. Length of stay (LOS), mortality, invasive procedures, and perioperative complications were greater in LVCs when compared to HVCs before and after PSMA. Additionally, readmission rates at one year (38% vs 34%, P < .001) and readmission complications were greater in the LVC cohort.

Conclusions

Pancreaticoduodenectomy is more commonly performed at HVCs, which is associated with less complications and improved outcomes compared to LVCs.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: Two Years’ Worth of Learning
Authors: Alexander Seth McKenzie , Lykes John Bryan , Nassef Christopher , Whitham Jennifer K. E. , Ho Jason G. , Donell Bridget B.
Published: June 2023

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Limited data are available regarding risk-stratification or long-term outcomes in MIS-C. This study sought to determine associations between serologic markers and severity of illness and understand long-term cardiac outcomes. This series includes 46 cases (mean age 8.1 years; 63.0% male) of MIS-C. Pearson’s chi-squared analysis showed an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) greater than 30 mm/h and 50 mm/h were disproportionately associated with pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission (χ2 = 4.44, P = .04) and use of vasopressors (χ2 = 6.06, P = .01), respectively. Ferritin less than 175.6 ng/mL was associated with use of vasopressors (χ2 = 5.28, P = .02). There was a negative correlation between ESR and ejection fraction (EF) ( r = -0.39, P = .009). Most patients with abnormal echocardiograms had resolution of abnormalities within 30 days. Therefore, inflammatory markers may be helpful in predicting which patients may require specific interventions or experience cardiac dysfunction, but MIS-C does not appear to be associated with complications at 1 year.
Personalities, Cyber Activities, and Adolescent Cyber Delinquency
Authors: O SooHyun , Shim Hyunjung , Wilcox Pamela
Published: June 2023

This study examines how crime propensity characteristics relate to cyber delinquency directly and indirectly, through crime opportunity. In doing so, it considers propensity by way of different aspects of personality and crime opportunity in the form of a comprehensive set of online activities. Both the direct and indirect relationships are modeled using path analysis in MPlus with the data from 2,015 students from schools in South Korea. Findings suggest several personality traits and online computer activities are significantly related to cyber delinquency. Moreover, these activities often mediate the effects of propensity as measured by personality factors. Overall, findings support the idea that individual enduring propensities and online activities work in tandem to predict adolescent cyber offending.
Who Commits Terrorism Alone? Comparing the Biographical Backgrounds and Radicalization Dynamics of Lone-Actor and Group-Based Terrorists
Authors: Schuurman Bart , Carthy Sarah L.
Published: June 2023

Why does one person radicalize to involvement in terrorist violence within a group-based context, while another engages in this form of violence alone? Existing research remains subject to limitations related to sample size, ideological and geographical range, and contradictory findings. This article draws on a newly-developed dataset to compare group-based and lone-actor terrorists across a range of predictors. Statistically significant bivariate associations and regression analyses suggest that lone actors have fewer criminal antecedents and lower exposure to social settings that enable group-based participation in terrorism. Limited perceived social skills and high social isolation may inhibit their ability to join terrorist groups. Lone actors also have little experience with non-violent activism, and tend to radicalize at a later age.
Ticket inspectors use emotion displays of sympathy and dominance to manage status dynamics in passenger encounters
Authors: Friis Camilla Bank
Published: June 2023

Research shows that people use emotions to manage service encounters. Little research has examined how rule enforcers manage status with different emotion displays. This article conceptualizes emotion displays as defensive and protective strategies to study how rule enforcers use emotions to control status dynamics in contested encounters. Based on 30 body-worn camera-recorded ticket-fining events and 11 interviews, the analysis shows that inspectors use emotion strategies of displaying dominance and giving and claiming sympathy to manage situations and negotiate status. Feeling rules prescribe inspectors to avoid conflict escalation and personal investment, yet rule enforcement involves interpersonal contests with emotional tension that makes emotional investment difficult to avoid. The findings yield insights into microprocesses of emotion management with an appreciation of the strategic use of emotion displays and their relation to micro-level status dynamics. The article discusses the prospects of studying the microprocesses of negotiating status and its methodological implications.
Preventing adolescents’ social exclusion with serious games – a scoping review
Authors: Mäkinen Henna , Kauhanen Elina , Nykänen Kati , Romppanen Taina , Koivisto Jaana-Maija
Published: June 2023

The review explored how serious games are utilized for preventing adolescents’ social exclusion. Four original articles were retrieved using six databases. The use of serious games to prevent adolescents’ social exclusion was rare, but there are potential areas where serious games could be utilized. Serious games may be a promising new intervention to use in adolescents’ social rehabilitation and social work, preventing social exclusion, reducing the risk of unemployment, lack of education and training. These early findings suggest using serious games as a part of adolescents’ social work and social rehabilitation to prevent social exclusion among adolescents, along with other methods.
Posthumous Organ Donation in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism: How Religious Beliefs Shape the Decision to Donate
Authors: Tarabeih Mahdi , Marey-Sarwan Ibtisam , Amiel Aliza , Na'amnih Wasef
Published: June 2023

Evidence indicates that the religious beliefs of patients, potential donors, family members, and healthcare professionals play an important role in deciding to donate an organ. We aim to summarize the religious views of Christians, Muslims, and Jews on organ donation contributing to the decision-making process. Different approaches to this topic worldwide are presented, providing helpful information for medical professionals. A literature review was conducted regarding the view of Israel's leadership of the three largest religions on organ transplantation. This review revealed that all Israeli central religious leaders have a positive view on organ donation. However, various aspects of the transplantation process (such as consent, brain death, and respect for the dead body) must be carried out as each religion prescribes. Thus, understanding the different religious views and regulations on organ donations may help reduce religious concerns about transplantation and narrow the gap between the need and the availability of organ donations.
Partisanship and Tolerance for Clientelism: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment in Romania
Authors: Gherghina Sergiu , Saikkonen Inga
Published: June 2023

Studies on electoral clientelism are increasingly focusing on the demand side and explaining how voters react to electoral inducements. However, there is limited research about how candidate attributes and partisanship can determine citizens’ reactions to clientelism. This article therefore tests the relative weight that voters place on candidate attributes and partisanship in their reactions to clientelistic targeting in the context of a new democracy. We use evidence from an original conjoint experiment conducted in 2021 in Romania, where electoral clientelism is frequent. Our findings show that citizens react negatively to clientelistic inducements in general, but the effects vary based on the targeting strategy used by politicians. These negative effects are considerably weaker among co-partisans. This observation is especially relevant when testing the effect of partisanship in a political setting where it is low.
Teaching Social Skills to Children and Adolescents With Visual Impairments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Caron Valérie , Barras Alessio , van Nispen Ruth M.A. , Ruffieux Nicolas
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Social skills are acquired primarily through imitation using the visual system. As a result, people with visual impairments may experience difficulties in this area at any age, which can have a major effect on their social participation and on their quality of life. The objective of this study was to systematically review the effects of targeted interventions on social skills in children and adolescents with visual impairments. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using databases Web of Science, OvidSP, EBSCOhost, Sage Journals. The scientific quality of the studies was assessed using two scales dedicated to single case studies and group studies, respectively. Results: Out of 1866 hits, 32 studies were included in the review. A total of 397 children and adolescents with visual impairments (aged 3–20 years) received different types of social skills interventions. “Peer relation” interventions were most often studied ( n = 21) and effects were mainly analyzed using observational tools. The scientific quality rating scales indicated moderate (for group studies) to high general quality (for single case studies). Overall, most studies reported improvements in targeted social skills. Discussion: Given the heterogeneity of the studies considered, both in content and in the measures used to document effects, these results should be interpreted with caution. Consequently, it is not clear which interventions should be recommended for use in practice such as in special education. Implications for Practitioners: Given the high rate of social skills difficulties reported in this population and the effect of these difficulties on all stages of development, it seems particularly relevant for practitioners to integrate social skills assessment and explicit teaching into intervention programs. In the future, researchers, stakeholders, and practitioners should work together to develop, implement, and evaluate evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents with visual impairments.
Ear Molding for Congenital Auricular Deformities: Efficacy and Factors Affecting Outcomes
Authors: Hui Lin-Bi , Li Ming-Hua , Liu Ying
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study’s aim was to assess the effectiveness of ear molding for congenital auricular deformities, analyze the factors affecting prognosis, and provide more clinical data supporting nonsurgical correction for this condition. Methods: A prospective study of a consecutive series of infants treated with ear molding from January 2021 to December 2022 in the department of otolaryngology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, was conducted. Demographic and clinical information were collected, and photographs of the ear were taken before and after treatment. Treatment efficacy and the relevant influencing factors were evaluated. Results: Thirty-five patients, including 59 with congenital ear anomalies, underwent noninvasive ear molding. The deformity type, treatment initiation age, and number of treatment cycles affected treatment efficacy. Earlier treatment initiation was associated with a shorter treatment period. Treatments were started earlier if decision-makers were more anxious. Conclusion: The earlier the neonatal auricle deformity is treated, the shorter the treatment time and the more ideal the clinical effect will be. Early noninvasive treatment for microtia is valuable. Early detection and parental awareness and education can help children receive treatment earlier and improve the success rate.
Effects of advance care planning in care dependent community-dwelling older persons (STADPLAN): A cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hoffmann Falk , Schnakenberg Rieke , Silies Katharina , Berg Almuth , Kirchner Änne , Jaschke Julia , Haastert Burkhard , Wiese Birgitt , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Meyer Gabriele , Köpke Sascha
Published: June 2023

Background:

Most randomised controlled trials on advance care planning were conducted in people with advanced, life-limiting illnesses or in institutional settings. There are few studies on its effect in older people living in the community.

Aim:

To determine the effects of advance care planning in older community dwelling people.

Design:

The STADPLAN study was a cluster-randomised trial with 12 months follow-up. The complex intervention comprised a 2-days training for nurse facilitators that delivered a formal advance care planning counselling and a written information brochure. Patients in the control group received optimised usual care, that is, provision of a short information brochure.

Setting/participants:

Home care services in three regions of Germany were randomised using concealed allocation. Care dependent clients of participating home care services, aged 60 years or older, and rated to have a life-expectancy of at least 4 weeks were included. Primary outcome was active participation in care at 12 months, assessed by blinded investigators using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13).

Results:

Twenty-seven home care services and 380 patients took part. Three hundred seventy-three patients were included in the primary analysis ( n = 206 in the intervention and n = 167 in the control group). There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control group with regard to the PAM-13 after 12 months (75.7 vs 78.4; p = 0.13). No differences in quality of life, anxiety and depression, advance care planning engagement, and in proportion of participants with advance directives were found between groups.

Conclusions:

The intervention showed no relevant effects on patient activation or quality of life in community dwelling older persons, possibly indicating the need for more tailored interventions. However, results are limited by a lack of statistical power.

Trial registration:

German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00016886
The Marketing Ecoverse: A Sustainable Confluence of Business, Social, and Natural Ecosystems
Authors: Kadirov Djavlonbek , Bardakcı Ahmet , Madak Öztürk Nazan , Allayarova Nilufar
Published: June 2023

Rebounding off the denaturized concept of business ecosystem, we develop an initial conceptualization of the marketing ecoverse. The marketing ecoverse refers to the confluence of three equally important types of ecosystems: business, sociocultural, and [natural] biogeophysical. We argue that the marketing ecoverse is based on shared natural phenomena, ecosystem functions, and native/inter-ecosystem service and disservice flows. The marketing ecoverse's self-regulative processes include material-to-moral signaling, resilience moderation, source-sink constraints, and artifact dispersal. A case of the growth and partial collapse of fourth-generation bike-sharing systems and their impact on African rural communities is presented to further illustrate the marketing ecoverse processes.
Effect of School Feeding Program on School Absenteeism of Primary School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mohammed Bekri , Belachew Tefera , Kedir Shemsu , Abate Kalkidan Hassen
Published: June 2023

Background:

School feeding programs (SFP) in low-income countries are designed to provide food to vulnerable school children to create optimal educational and health conditions for learners. Ethiopia scaled up the implementation of SFP in Addis Ababa. Yet, the utility of this program in terms of school absenteeism has not been monitored thus far. Hence, we aimed at evaluating the effect of the SFP on school performance of primary school adolescents in Addis Ababa, Central Ethiopia.

Methods:

A prospective cohort study was carried out from 2020 to 2021 on SFP-beneficiary (n = 322) and non-SFP beneficiary (n = 322). Logistic regression models were done using SPSS version 24.

Results:

In logistic regression, unadjusted model (model 1), the school absenteeism of non-school-fed adolescents was higher by 1.84 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-2.64) as compared to school-fed adolescents. The odds ratio remained positive after adjusting for age and sex (model 2: aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.27-2.65), and sociodemographic (model 3: aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.27-2.67). In the final model, adjusted model 4, health and lifestyle, there was a significant increase in absenteeism of non-school-fed adolescents (model 4: aOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.54-3.64). The likelihood of absenteeism in female increase by 2.03 (aOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.35-3.05), whereas being in a low tertile wealth index family decreases absenteeism by (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.82). School feeding was negatively associated with school absenteeism.

Conclusions:

The findings imply the need for strengthening school feeding programs.
Du lamidalisme à la lamidalité du pouvoir au Nord-Cameroun
Authors: Atimniraye Nyelade Richard , Zhang Dunfu
Published: June 2023

The present work unfolds along a socio-historical analysis of current events, specifically the murder of a young man in a royal building in Northern Cameroon. Our exchanges with local residents on social networks (WhatsApp, Facebook) between 2017 and 2022, coupled with a conceptual analysis of lamidism – understood here as a full-fledged governance system – also served the empirical trajectory of our analysis. In order to establish a singular conceptualization of what we call ‘lamidality of power,’ this article operates in three stages. First, it revisits the socio-historical conditions that led to the emergence of lamidism in Northern Cameroon. Then, it analyzes the strategies implemented by power to impose this epistemic and political vision of sovereign exercise in Northern Cameroon. Finally, we discuss the importance of specifying the very concept of lamidism to better understand its contemporary extensions and updates.
ChatGPT and Forms of Deception
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: June 2023

The artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot ChatGPT movement has upset and permeated all aspects of the healthcare arena, including the discipline of nursing. The use of ChatGPT is ethically controversial. This article begins a discussion regarding the impacts of ChatGPT and the possibilities of deception with its usage in scientific and disciplinary publications and academic products.
Transcultural Nursing in Italy: An Explorative Study
Authors: Vitale Elsa , Lupo Roberto , Calabro Antonino , Lezzi Alessia , Zacchino Simone , Vergori Sergio , Carvello Maicol , Manara Duilio , Valenzano Laura , Conte Luana , Baumann Steven L.
Published: June 2023

The health profile of foreigners in Italy is affected by multiple factors and events, including environmental, microbiological, cultural, and behavioral. To explore nurses’ basic cross-cultural knowledge, and their perceptions of problems that arise in encounters with clients from outside the country, and to suggest solution strategies, we enrolled 327 nurses in an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study. The findings suggested a need to improve sociocultural skills related to working in a multiethnic society, as early as the first level courses and possibly continue with appropriate master’s degrees and research projects.