bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Insight on Gut Flora, Colorectal Cancer Mechanism, and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Kumar Rajendra , Kaur Ashmeen , Rajput Divyanshu
Published: December 2023

The microbiota in the stomach functions like an actual organ. To maintain gut homeostasis, the digestive tract’s symbiotic relationships with the local microorganisms are crucial. This symbiotic connection may be upset, and illnesses like inflammatory bowel disorders and cancer can be promoted. Infections, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications are a few examples of environmental factors that might alter the microbiome. It is becoming increasingly clear that the microbiota plays a part in the development of colorectal cancer. The complex interplay of tumour cells, nonneoplastic cells, and a large variety of microbes results in colorectal cancer. About 10% of new cancer cases globally are colorectal cancer instances (CRC). The gut microflora, which is situated adjacent to the colorectal epithelium, is made up of a sizable population of bacteria that interact with host cells to control a variety of physiological functions, including energy production, metabolism, and immune response. Sequencing research has revealed microbial compositional and ecological changes in CRC patients, while functional research in animal models has identified several bacteria, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, specific strains of Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis, as key players in the development of colorectal cancer. In this review, we focus on dysbiosis and the potentially carcinogenic characteristics of bacteria to evaluate the possible connections between the bacterial microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis. We also discuss pertinent mechanisms in microbiota-related carcinogenesis, the potential for using the microbiota as CRC biomarkers, and the possibility of manipulating the microbiota for CRC prevention or treatment.
An Overview of Extensive Analysis of 3D Printing Applications in the Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Jayakrishna M. , Vijay M. , Khan Baseem
Published: December 2023

3D printing (additive manufacturing) is one of the revolutionary technologies that are transforming manufacturing and industrial processes. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is being used for extensive customization and production of all types of open-source designs in farming, medical, automotive, locomotive, aerospace, and construction industries. The advantages of 3D printing for industrial applications include little material waste, simple production, minimal human participation, minimal postprocessing, and energy efficiency. There are limited articles on the scope and future possibilities of AM technologies. This article explains numerous AM techniques, uses for technology, and substances used in the manufacturing firm. The numerous materials that may be used with every type of 3D printing process are explained in depth. The numerous settings whereby every processor kind is used are also listed in the study. The original study findings indicate that, while 3D printing technology has made great advances, there are still challenges that need to be addressed; however, the obstacles appear to vary: the cost of preprocessing and postprocessing, a restricted selection of materials, and technological constraints are the most significant 3D printing challenges. Readers will be benefitted from the new dimension added by explanation of the many aspects of additive manufacturing and the identification of potential new research fields in this review. The processes may be enhanced and modified to operate with a range of materials through further research, whereas if the range of applications for 3D printing technology components is to be increased, more effort should be made into developing economical printing procedures and supplies that function with these printers.
A Review of Recent Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Brain Metastasis in Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Chao , Zhang Xiaoye , Yu Li
Published: December 2023

Brain metastasis from lung cancer is a prevalent mode of treatment failure associated with a poor prognosis. The incidence of brain metastasis has recently shown a dramatic increase. The early detection and risk stratification of lung cancer–related brain metastasis would be highly advantageous for patients. However, our current knowledge and comprehension of the underlying mechanisms driving brain metastasis in lung cancer pose significant challenges. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying brain metastasis, focusing on the intricate interplay between lung cancer–derived tumor cells and the unique characteristics of the brain, recent advancements in the identification of driver genes, concomitant genes, epigenetic features, including miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, as well as the molecular characterization of brain metastasis originating from other organs, which may further enhance risk stratification and facilitate precise treatment strategies.
TABLE 2 from FBXW7-loss Sensitizes Cells to ATR Inhibition Through Induced Mitotic Catastrophe
Authors: O'Brien Siobhan , Ubhi Tajinder , Wolf Lucie , Gandhi Krishna , Lin Sichun , Chaudary Naz , Dhani Neesha C. , Milosevic Michael , Brown Grant W. , Angers Stephane
Published: December 2023

Antibody list
Figure S3 from FBXW7-loss Sensitizes Cells to ATR Inhibition Through Induced Mitotic Catastrophe
Authors: O'Brien Siobhan , Ubhi Tajinder , Wolf Lucie , Gandhi Krishna , Lin Sichun , Chaudary Naz , Dhani Neesha C. , Milosevic Michael , Brown Grant W. , Angers Stephane
Published: December 2023

Supplementary figure S3 shows CRISPR editing analysis and quantification of organoid assays
Figure S2 from FBXW7-loss Sensitizes Cells to ATR Inhibition Through Induced Mitotic Catastrophe
Authors: O'Brien Siobhan , Ubhi Tajinder , Wolf Lucie , Gandhi Krishna , Lin Sichun , Chaudary Naz , Dhani Neesha C. , Milosevic Michael , Brown Grant W. , Angers Stephane
Published: December 2023

Supplementary figure S2 shows dose responses assays and IC50 calculations for ATR pathway inhibitors
BMI Z-Score (SDS) versus Calculated Body Fat Percentage: Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Joisten Christine , Wessely Stefanie , Prinz Nicole , Wiegand Susanna , Gohlke Bettina , Keiser Sabine , Moliterno Paula , Nielinger Jens , Torbahn Gabriel , Wulff Hagen , Holl Reinhard W. ,   for the APV initiative
Published: December 2023

Introduction: BMI or BMI-standardized deviation score (SDS) in children and adolescents is still the standard for weight classification. [BMJ. 2019;366:4293] developed a formula to calculate body fat percentage (%BF) based on age, sex, height, weight, and ethnicity. Using data from the German/Austrian APV registry, we investigated whether the calculated %BF is superior to BMI-SDS in predicting arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and impaired glucose metabolism. Methods: 94,586 children and adolescents were included (12.5 years, 48.3% male). Parental birth country (BC) was used to depict ethnicity (15.8% migration background); 95.67% were assigned to the ethnicity “white.” %BF was calculated based on the Hudda formula. The relationship between BMI-SDS or %BF quartiles and outcome variables was investigated by logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and migration background. Vuong test was applied to analyse predictive power. Results: 58.4% had arterial hypertension, 33.5% had dyslipidaemia, and 11.6% had impaired glucose metabolism. Boys were significantly more often affected, although girls had higher calculated %BF (each p < 0.05). After adjustment, both models revealed significant differences between the quartiles (all p < 0.001). The predictive power of BMI-SDS was superior to %BF for all three comorbidities (all p < 0.05). Discussion: The prediction of cardiometabolic comorbidities by calculated %BF was not superior to BMI-SDS. This formula developed in a British population may not be suitable for a central European population, which is applicable to this possibly less heterogeneous collective. Additional parameters, especially puberty status, should be taken into account. However, objective determinations such as bioimpedance analysis may possibly be superior to assess fat mass and cardiometabolic risk than calculated %BF.
Causal Effect of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Activity on Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Jiang Miaowen , Gao Yuan , Xu Yi , Zhou Yifan , Wu Di , Zhou Chen , Liu Guiyou , Li Ming , Ji Xunming
Published: December 2023

Background: The relationship between ischemic stroke (IS) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity is still unclear, and there is a dearth of stratified research on the relationship between Lp-PLA2 activity and different IS subtypes. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) was used in this study to examine the relationship between genetically proxied Lp-PLA2 activity and the risks of IS and its subtypes. Methods: Based on information from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies, which included 13,664 European people, five single nucleotide polymorphisms related to Lp-PLA2 activity were chosen as instrumental variables. Summary statistics information about the MEGESTROKE consortium with the European group (40,585 cases and 406,111 controls) include any IS (AIS; n = 34,217), large-artery stroke (LAS; n = 4,373), cardioembolic stroke (CES; n = 7,193), and small-vessel stroke (SVS; n = 5,386). In order to determine the causal relationships between Lp-PLA2 activity and IS as well as its subtypes, the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) approach was chosen as the primary analysis. Significant estimates were then tested by sensitivity analysis to rule out heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results: IVW showed that Lp-PLA2 activity was causally associated with LAS (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% confidence interval = 1.65–6.41, p = 0.0007) but not with other subtypes of stroke. Sensitivity analysis for causal estimates between Lp-PLA2 activity and LAS showed no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy. Conclusions: These MR analyses support a causal effect of Lp-PLA2 activity on LAS but not on AIS, CES, or SVS, which suggests that serum Lp-PLA2 activity might be a biomarker for prediction of LAS.
Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for MAFLD Targeting TLR4 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Ren Guanghui , Bai Changchuan , Yi Sitong , Cong Qingwei , Zhu Ying
Published: December 2023

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are intricate and involve various factors. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of available effective treatment options. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern-recognition receptors that are responsible for activating the innate immune system. Research has demonstrated that TLR4 plays a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD by facilitating the pathophysiological mechanisms. Summary: Lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory factors, insulin resistance (IR), and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota are considered as the pathogenic mechanisms of MAFLD. This review summarizes the impact of TLR4 signaling pathways on the progression of MAFLD, specifically in relation to lipid metabolic disorders, IR, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota disorders. Additionally, we emphasize the potential therapeutic approaches for MAFLD that target TLR4 signaling pathways, including the use of plant extracts, traditional Chinese medicines, probiotics, pharmaceuticals such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor antagonists and farnesol X agonists, and lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and exercise also considered. Furthermore, TLR4 signaling pathways have also been linked to the lean MAFLD. Key Messages: TLR4 plays a crucial role in MAFLD by triggering IR, buildup of lipids, imbalance in gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and initiation of immune responses. The mitigation of MAFLD can be accomplished by suppressing the TLR4 signaling pathway. In the future, it could potentially emerge as a therapeutic target for the condition.
N-Acetylserotonin Alleviates Retinal Autophagy via TrkB/AKT/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Rats
Authors: Zhang Luming , Gao Meng , Zhao Yuze , Yin Yi , Zhang Xuening , Zhou Shuanhu , Wang Xin , Wang Xiaoli , Zhao Yansong
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of N-acetylserotonin (NAS) on the autophagy of retinal cells in rats with retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) and to explore the mechanisms by which NAS administration can alleviate RIRI through the tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB)/protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Methods: Healthy adult male rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sham, RIRI, RIRI+NAS, and RIRI+NAS+ANA-12. The RIRI group was induced by elevating intraocular pressure, and changes in retinal structure and edema were assessed using H&E staining. The RIRI+NAS and RIRI+NAS+ANA-12 groups received intraperitoneal injections of NAS before and after modeling. The RIRI+NAS+ANA-12 group was also administered ANA-12, a TrkB antagonist. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate phosphorylated TrkB (p-TrkB), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), Nrf2, sequestosome 1 (P62), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-II) levels in the retinas of each group. Electroretinogram was recorded to detect retinal function in each group of rats 24 h after modeling. Results: The RIRI+NAS group had a thinner retina and more retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) than RIRI and RIRI+NAS+ANA-12 groups (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot results showed that p-TrkB, p-Akt, n-Nrf2, and P62 levels in the RIRI+NAS group were higher compared with those in RIRI and RIRI+NAS+ANA-12 groups (p < 0.05). Also, lower LC3-II levels were observed in the RIRI+NAS group compared with that in RIRI and RIRI+NAS+ANA-12 groups (p < 0.05). Electroretinogram recording results showed that 24 h after retinal ischemia-reperfusion, the magnitude of b-wave changes was attenuated in the RIRI+NAS group compared with the RIRI group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of NAS activates the TrkB/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway, reduces autophagy, alleviates retinal edema, promotes the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and provides neuroprotection against retinal injury.
Thymic Innervation Impairment in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Francelin Carolina , Borin Alexandre , Funari Jessica , Pradella Fernando , Santos Leonilda M.B. , Savino Wilson , Farias Alessandro S.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ responsible for normal T-cell development. Yet, in abnormal metabolic conditions as well as an acute infection, the organ exhibits morphological and cellular alterations. It is well established that the immune system is in a tidy connection and dependent on the central nervous system (CNS), which regulates thymic function by means of innervation and neurotransmitters. Sympathetic innervation leaves the CNS and spreads through thymic tissue, where nerve endings interact directly or indirectly with thymic cells contributing to their maintenance and development. Methods: Herein, we hypothesized that brain damage due to an inflammatory process might elicit alterations upon the thymic-CNS neuroimmune axis, altering not just the sympathetic innervation and neurotransmitter release, but also modifying the thymus microenvironment and T-cell development. We used the well-established multiple sclerosis model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), to study putative changes in the thymic neural, lymphoid, and microenvironmental compartments. Results: We showed that along with EAE clinical development, thymus morphology, and cellular compartments are affected, altering the peripheric T-cell population and modifying the retrograde thymic communication toward the CNS. Conclusion: Altogether, our data suggest that the thymic-CNS neuroimmune bidirectional axis is compromised in EAE. This imbalance may contribute to an increased and uncontrolled auto-immune reaction.
Association of Root Biofilm Bacteriome with Root Caries Lesion Severity and Activity
Authors: Usuga-Vacca Margarita , Marquez-Ortiz Ricaurte Alejandro , Castellanos Jaime E. , Martignon Stefania
Published: December 2023

Introduction: This research aimed to assess the association of root biofilm bacteriome with root caries lesion severity and activity in institutionalised Colombian elderlies and was conducted to gather data on the root caries bacteriome in this population. Methods: A bacteriome evaluation of biofilm samples from sound and carious root surfaces was performed. Root caries was categorised (ICDAS Root criteria) based on severity (sound surfaces, initial: non-cavitated, moderate/extensive combined: cavitated) and activity status (active and inactive). DNA was extracted and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced; afterwards the classification of features was conducted employing amplicon sequence variants and taxonomic assignment via the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). Bacterial richness, diversity (Simpson’s and Shannon’s indices), and relative abundance estimation were assessed and compared based on root caries severity and activity status (including Sound surfaces). Results: A total of 130 biofilm samples were examined: sound (n = 45) and with root caries lesions (n = 85; by severity: initial: n = 41; moderate/extensive: n = 44; by activity: active: n = 60; inactive: n = 25). Species richness was significantly lower in biofilms from moderate/extensive and active groups compared to sound sites. There was a higher relative abundance of species like Lechtotricia wadei, Capnocytophaga granulosa, Cardiobacterium valvarum, Porphyromonas pasteri – in sound sites; Dialister invisus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus and Bacteroidetes (G-5) bacterium 511 – in moderate/extensive lesions, and Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis, Prevotella denticola, Lactobacillus fermentum, Saccharibacteria (TM7) (G-5)bacterium HMT 356 – in active lesions. Conclusion: Root caries bacteriome exhibited differences in species proportions between the compared groups. Specifically, cavitated caries lesions and active caries lesions showed higher relative abundance of acidogenic bacteria.
Enhancing historical consciousness in history education through integrating STEM approach and historical thinking skill
Authors: Pratama Rinaldo Adi , Saputra Muhammad Adi , Hikmawaty Lisna
Published: December 2023

The research explores the potential of incorporating science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education approach and critical thinking to enhance historical consciousness. The study employs an ex post facto quantitative method, specifically a correlational design to analyse the variables. The research population comprises 425 students from diverse backgrounds in Banten Province schools that have implemented the STEM approach. A sample size of 202 students is determined using a predefined error rate. Data collection involves tests and questionnaires assessing historical thinking skills, STEM approaches, and historical consciousness. Statistical analysis, including partial and simultaneous multiple correlation tests, reveals a significant and very strong positive relationship between STEM approach, historical thinking skills, and historical consciousness. This suggests that the interplay of these factors enhances history learning and encourages a deeper understanding of historical events, promoting critical thinking, and historical consciousness. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating STEM methodologies into history education to provide students with a holistic understanding of historical events and their societal implications. Such an approach bridges the gap between STEM and history, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and promoting informed and empathetic citizens. Future research should explore diverse samples, employ qualitative methods, and investigate curriculum designs and teaching strategies that effectively integrate STEM and history education.
Inclusive learning in higher education: anthropology and critical consciousness lens
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Haenilah Een Yayah , Sinaga Risma M. , Maulina Dina , Yolida Berti , Irwandani Irwandani
Published: December 2023

Higher education institutions have come under fire for their perceived restrictive tactics and lack of diversity among students and faculty. This article dives into the possible synergy between anthropology and critical consciousness, drawing inspiration from Paulo Freire's seminal contributions. The major goal is to create a revolutionary transition in higher education toward a more inclusive educational paradigm. Furthermore, this study investigates the influence of political landscapes on educational curriculum, emphasizing the need for a revolutionary pedagogical framework that fosters critical consciousness in both students and instructors. The prospect of developing a more equitable and inclusive learning environment within higher education becomes reachable via the harmonic integration of different pedagogical techniques, one that is sensitive to the diverse requirements of all learners. This attempt, however, is not without difficulties, such as opposition to change and the political terrain's intricacies. Professional development opportunities and coordinated efforts between educators, administrators, and policymakers are required for successful implementation. To summarize, the priority of social responsibility in higher education is evident, and adopting transformational pedagogy is critical for tackling the multiple issues inherent in the twenty-first century.
Exploring confidence in boys' elementary dance education
Authors: Anggraeni Sri Wulan , Alpian Yayan , Harmawati Harmawati , Anggraeni Winda
Published: December 2023

This study explored low self-confidence in elementary school male students and strategies to overcome it. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, focusing on 18 fifth grade students. Data collection methods included interviews, classroom observations, and self-confidence questionnaires. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model (data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing). The results showed that most male students lacked confidence in solo dancing but were confident in groups. The inhibiting factors included lack of previous experience, discomfort in front of peers, fear of judgment, lack of support and encouragement, and lack of practice and preparation. To overcome these issues, inclusive learning strategies, support, and a supportive environment are essential. Eliminating gender stereotypes in dance education is also important. The implications of this study underscore the need to create a positive and inclusive environment for male students to develop their confidence and interest in dance. It is expected that their participation and involvement in arts activities at school will increase.
EFL teachers’ student-centered pedagogy and assessment practices: challenges and solutions
Authors: Nazim Mohd , Alzubi Ali Abbas Falah , Fakih Abdul-Hafeed
Published: December 2023

The fact that English teachers encounter challenges while employing student-centered pedagogy and assessment practices is beyond argument. Empirical evidence indicates that, particularly in the context of Najran University, relatively little attention has been paid to researching the issue and offering solutions to coping with it. Consequently, this study examined English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ employment of student-centered pedagogy and assessment practices in the Saudi EFL context concerning execution, challenges, and solutions. Also, it correlated the respondents’ answers with their gender, experience, degree, and specialization. The descriptive survey design was used to achieve the study objectives. The study tools, a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were applied to a convenient sample of (73) faculty members. The results showed that the study sample highly employs pedagogy and assessment practices focused on students. In addition, the demographic variables of gender, experience, degree, and specialization did not have any significant role in affecting the responses to employing pedagogy and assessment practices. Finally, the content analysis of the semi-structured interview revealed the challenges and solutions to employing pedagogy and assessment practices. In light of the current results, the researchers proposed recommendations and implications.
The digital-mediated extensive reading on English Language learning of agriculture students
Authors: Prasetianto Mushoffan , Maharddhika Rizkiana , Trimus Syakilla Eka Putri Lestari
Published: December 2023

Reading is a skill that is initially taught in schools. Students are introduced to the alphabet and later learn to read texts. Reading Foreign languages is also introduced when students learn a foreign language. The student requires reading activities that include vocabulary learning. Extensive reading is one of the practical activities of reading. Nowadays, extensive reading activities include reading printed and digital text in e-books, journals, and internet and social media articles. In addition, digital extensive reading research on university students of agriculture is still rare. Thus, research on digital-mediated extensive reading in agricultural students’ needs to be conducted to investigate whether it improves their reading comprehension. This study involved 84 agricultural students majoring Agroecotechnology study program. The participants take an English course. The data for this study was taken from the pre-test and post-test scores and questionnaire. The data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study shows that the digital-mediated extensive reading effectively enhances the student's reading comprehension in English as academic purposes (EAP) setting, and the students express that the digital-mediated extensive reading provides flexibility, technology utilization, and reading.
An effective control approach of hybrid energy storage system based on moth flame optimization
Authors: Prasanna V. , Ravi G.
Published: December 2023

In modern days, renewable sources increase the independence of urban energy infrastructures from remote sources and grids. In renewable energy systems (RES) systems, batteries are frequently used to close the power gap between the power supply and the load demand. Due to the variable behavior of RES and the fluctuating power requirements of the load, batteries frequently experience repeated deep cycles and uneven charging patterns. The battery's lifespan would be shortened by these actions, and increase the replacement cost. This research provides an effective control method for a solar-wind model with a battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system in order to extend battery’s lives expectancy by lowering intermittent strain and high current need. Unlike traditional techniques, the suggested control scheme includes a low-pass filter (LPF) and a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). To begin, LPF reduces the fluctuating aspects of battery consumption. FLC lowers the battery's high current need while continuously monitoring the supercapacitor's level of charge. The moth flame optimization (MFO) optimizes the FLC's membership functions to get the best peak current attenuation in batteries. The proposed model is compared to standard control procedures namely rule based controller and filtration-based controller. When compared to the conventional system, the suggested method significantly reduces peak current and high power of the battery. Furthermore, when compared to standard control procedures, the suggested solution boosts supercapacitor utilization appreciably.
Analysis of single switch step up DC-DC converter with switched inductor-switched capacitor cells for PV system
Authors: Gnanavadivel J. , Kalarathi M. , Prakash K.
Published: December 2023

The presented work exhibits high gain and increased efficiency for DC-DC converter. Additionally, this topology significantly improves the voltage conversion ratio when compared with other DC-DC converters reported recently. The non-existence of high frequency transformer ensures compactness and low cost and henceforth, it is apt for clean energy applications. The analysis of the high gain converter in steady state is carried out in continuous conduction mode (CCM). Initially, the proposed converter performance is analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink platform and prototype of the same with a power rating of 200 V, 100 W is built and tested. The reliability and robustness of the converter is perceived from the experimental results and peak efficiency achieved is around 93%.
Revolutionizing domestic solar power systems with IoT-enabled Blockchain technology
Authors: Jhunjhunwalla Drishana , Mishra Debani Prasad , Hembram Dashmat , Salkuti Surender Reddy
Published: December 2023

Solar power systems in homes have become the need of the hour due to the crisis of fossil fuels. Also, it is a useful way of rural electrification and cutting down on running electricity costs. This paper discusses a 26-kW solar power system for powering homes along with IoT-based monitoring. The proposed system is expected to be low in cost and highly efficient. The system can also be used as a battery backup without solar power. The emergence of Blockchain technology is poised to revolutionize the sharing of information by providing a means of building trust in decentralized settings without the reliance on intermediaries. This technological breakthrough has the potential to transform several industries, including the internet of things (IoT). In addition to Blockchain, IoT has also been able to address some of its limitations by utilizing innovative technologies like big data and cloud computing. For security, Blockchain as a decentralized application will be used. Each block typically contains the transaction data, and power consumption data which can’t be tampered with even if changing all subsequent blocks, which is expensive to do so.
Contribution to the comparison of conventional concentric magnetic gear and double stage concentric magnetic gear for high power offshore wind applications
Authors: Philippe D’Almeida Renaud , Gilles Agbokpanzo Richard , Macaire Agbomahena Bienvenu
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, the replacement of mechanical technologies by magnetic technologies has several advantages. Therefore, in this paper, we compare in an indirect drive chain the conventional concentric magnetic gear (CCMG) and the double-stage concentric magnetic gear (DSCMG) used as a speed multiplier for a high-power offshore wind turbine. This comparison is performed for the same gear ratio and the same torque at the input of both magnetic gears to obtain the same torque values at the output of each gear. The goal is to determine which one has the smaller amount of magnet and the higher volumetric torque density. After the calculation of the gear ratio, a first choice of geometrical parameters is adopted. Several simulations carried out by the finite element method (FEM) allowed to obtain the desired torques and to fix the final geometrical parameters of each magnetic gear. The results obtained show that the DSCMG has both the smallest magnet volume and the highest volumetric torque density compared to the CCMG.
Battery charger regulator with fully controlled return 15 V/5 A in uninterruptible power supply
Authors: Hasibuan Arnawan , Daud Muhammad , Hutagalung Rizki Shobirin , Kartika Kartika , Nrartha I Made Ari , Almunadiansyah Rizky
Published: December 2023

Fully controlled rectifier and BCR. The battery charge regulator (BCR) is the most important unit of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) device. The BCR uses a 15 V/5 A transformer to lower the voltage so as not to overload the BCR components. Full control using four thyristors serves to supply voltage to the BCR, while the BCR serves to regulate battery charging. Forcing the battery to be charged at a constant voltage with the same current results in shorter battery life. Battery charging through the BCR is set to match the battery voltage, then allowing the BCR to control it by adjusting the phase voltage to 13.5 V for high voltage discharge (HVD) and 10.5 V for low voltage discharge (LVD). By using an IC Regulator combined with a relay as a voltage breaker for a fully charged battery, it will automatically disconnect to avoid overcharging the battery. Based on the performance test results of a fully controlled rectifier system using thyristors and BCR on a 12V/5Ah battery, the output voltage is as a fully controlled 12 V rectifier, the BCR switch can charge the internal battery in minutes with a current that varies between 2.1 A to 0.1 A.
Techno-economic assessment and wind energy potential of Nagad in Djibouti
Authors: Idriss Abdoulkader Ibrahim , Ahmed Ramadan Ali , Atteyeh Hamda Abdi , Omar Abdou Idris , Akinci Tahir Cetin
Published: December 2023

The use of small scaled horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines in urban installation is increasing over the world. However, in Djibouti, the latter is still in the development phase. The paper presents a techno-economical analysis and wind energy potential for the period of five years (2015-2019) in Nagad based on actual measured wind speed data collected every 10 min at 10 m height. The energy pattern factor method has been used to estimate the Weibull parameters. With this method, the mathematical complexity is reduced with a minimization of the error at any heights and locations when calculating the wind power density. At 50 m height, the shape parameter showed a small variation for different periods. The scale parameter values of 7.78 m/s and 4.8 m/s were obtained in the hot and cold seasons, respectively. The results showed that the Nagad site is suitable for wind power development. According to the economic viability, RX30, Vestas V20, Enercon, Nordex N27, and Vestas V44 wind turbines are recommended for the Nagad site due to their low energy price ranging from 0.05$/kWh to 0.31$/kWh. This is 2-6 times cheaper than the average local tariff of electricity in Djibouti.
A deep learning and machine learning approach to predict neonatal death in the context of São Paulo
Authors: Raihan Mohon , Saha Plabon Kumar , Gupta Rajan Das , Kabir A Z M Tahmidul , Tamanna Afia Anjum , Harun-Ur-Rashid MD. , Salam Adnan Bin Abdus , Anjum MD Tanvir , Kabir A Z M Ahteshamul
Published: December 2023

Neonatal death is still a concerning reality for underdeveloped and even for some of the developed countries. Worldwide data indicate that 26.693 babies out of 1,000 births according to Macro Trades. To reduce the death early prediction of endangered baby is crucial. An early prediction enables the opportunity to take ample care of the child and mother so that an early child death can be avoided. Machine learning was used to figure out whether a newborn baby is at risk. To train the predictive model historical data of 1.4 million newborn child data was used. Machine learning and deep learning techniques such as Logical regression, K nearest neighbor, Random Forest classifier, Extreme gradient boosting (XGboost), convolutional neural network, long short-term memory (LSTM). were implemented using the dataset to find out the most robust model which model is the most accurate to identify the mortality of a newborn. From all the machine learning algorithms, the XGboost and random classifier had the best accuracy with 94%, and from the deep learning model, the LSTM had the best outcome with 99% accuracy. Thus, using LSTM of the model shall be best suited to predict whether precaution for a child is necessary.
Tolerance and adaptation to virtual classes due to the pandemic among university adolescents
Authors: Cayllahua Mirian Carrillo , Flores Marín Guido , Nieva Villegas Lilia María , Gómez Gonzales Walter Edgar , Zapana-Tito Maria
Published: December 2023

After the pandemic, the Ministry of Education proposed the teaching of virtual classes, a measure that generated adaptation processes. The present research aimed to determine the relationship between tolerance to frustration and adaptation to virtual classes due to the pandemic in adolescents from a public and private university. A study was carried Prospective cross-sectional correlational study, the sample made up of 86 students from a private and public university, the survey and instrument technique were used, a Likert scale questionnaire applied via Google Docs, applied to students who have developed face-to-face classes and later they have held virtual classes. The tolerance to frustration in adolescents of the Private University of Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt and the National University of Huancavelica is medium and the adaptation to virtual classes is in the process of adaptation. There is a direct average correlation between tolerance to frustration and adaptation to virtual classes in adolescents from a public and private university in a pandemic; with a Spearman's Rho value of 0.634 and a p. bilateral significance value of 0.000. The Peruvian educational system was not yet prepared for virtual education, finding many deficiencies. We recommend carrying out multicenter studies, which allow the outcomes of this change in educational modality to be compared in various regions.
The effectiveness of moringa leaf jelly on mother's prolactin level and baby's outcome
Authors: Marsiami Azizati Salmas , Puspariny Cynthia
Published: December 2023

The failure of exclusive breastfeeding and the increased use of milk formulas is one of the results of a shortage of breast milk production. Moringa leaf contains phytosterol to increase milk production. Fortification of moringa leaf with jelly will increase the nutritional value of moringa leaf so that the prolactin increases and the production and quality of breast milk get better for babies. This study aimed to determine the effect of moringa leaf jelly on increasing milk production (prolactin, breast milk volume), and the outcome for the baby. Quasi-experimental research using pre-postest with control group design. The study respondents were taken with a purposive sampling technique of 58 people. Outcome indicators for babies are seen from the baby’s weight, the baby's urination frequency, the baby's defecation, and the baby's sleep duration. There was a significant effect on the increase in prolactin score by 23.3%, breast milk volume by 47%, and outcome babies by 3.3% in respondents given moringa leaf jelly. Meanwhile, respondents who were not given Moringa leaf jelly had a risk of decreasing prolactin levels 10.5 times, breast milk supply was 3.8 times lower and the outcomes for babies were 15 than those given Moringa leaf jelly. The moringa leaf jelly significantly effects increasing milk production and outcomes for babies compared to standard interventions.
Knowledge and practices of private healthcare providers regarding tuberculosis case notification in Rural Maharashtra
Authors: Holkar Mrudula , Krishna Swathi , Shah Rohan , Pawar Radhakishan , Juvekar Sanjay
Published: December 2023

India carries the highest share of active and missing tuberculosis (TB) cases globally. The Government of India is prioritizing private sector engagement (PSE) in TB elimination activities, as most healthcare-seeking in the country happens in this sector. This study aimed to understand the knowledge and practices of private healthcare providers (PHP) on various aspects of TB case notification through the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP). This cross-sectional study was carried out between Oct 2020 to April 2021 amongst PHPs in the Junnar Tuberculosis Unit (TU), Pune District, Maharashtra. Junnar Block has 299 PHPs who assess, diagnose, and/or treat TB cases. A total of 97 participants were enrolled in the study. About 89 (91.8%) PHPs are aware that TB case notifications are mandatory by law. However, 80.4% are unaware of the Ni-kshay portal (web-based case surveillance system) by NTEP. Similarly, 74 (76.3%) must be aware of incentives for PHPs to collaborate with the government healthcare delivery system. 82.8% of total Ayurveda, Unani, Naturopathy, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) practitioners and 46.2% of Allopathic practitioners have poor knowledge about TB case notification, with a Chi-square value of 14.36 (p<0.01). Our study shows that the active engagement of private providers (PPs), especially AYUSH practitioners in rural areas, is a need of the hour in achieving TB elimination.
Between body esteem and mental health among adolescents in China
Authors: Wu Ning , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: December 2023

Numerous studies have highlighted the importance of body esteem and unconditional self acceptance (USA) in promoting mental health over actual body shape. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body esteem and mental health, and whether this is mediated by USA, and whether the mediation is moderated by actual body shape. The cross-sectional study included 189 adolescents from Ganzhou, China, to complete the body esteem scale (BES) and general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) to measure body esteem and general mental health, respectively. The bootstrap analysis, with 5,000 samples at a 95% confidence interval showed that the effect of body esteem on mental health was fully mediated by USA, and the significant mediation effect was observed only among individuals with moderate body mass index (BMI). These findings suggest that unconditional self-acceptance is an important protective factor against mental health issues, yet striving to have a moderate BMI with positive attitude helps with the entire process.
Development of an EKA application to help tuberculosis patients improve medication adherence and self efficacy
Authors: Fuadiati Lie Liana , Sukartini Tintin , Makhfudli Makhfudli , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Rosyid Alfian Nur , Qona’ah Arina
Published: December 2023

Tuberculosis treatment is carried out daily for a long time, causing boredom with taking medication and reducing medication adherence. It results in drug resistance and more prolonged treatment. In response to the situation, this study developed an android-based application called the education, calendar, and medication alarm (EKA) app to improve medication adherence and self-efficacy of tuberculosis patients. Research and development with four steps: evaluation of health education, medication adherence, and self-efficacy; application development; feasibility test; and application socialization. The sample in this study was 38 respondents. This study also uses morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8), self-efficacy, and system usability scale (SUS) questionnaires and evaluation sheets to collect the data. Data analysis was done descriptively. The outcomes of the application feasibility test showed that the EKA application received an acceptable value of 81.5 based on acceptance, B value (81.5) based on value scale, an excellent value (81.5) based on adjective rating, and good score (81.5) based on percentile. Socialization on the use of the application goes well, and the patient gets a good understanding and can use the EKA application easily. It proves that the android-based EKA application tested using the SUS questionnaire can be used as a medium for health education and supports medication adherence and self-efficacy.
The role of trained cadres to find new cases of leprosy with a social learning theory approach in the City of Bima, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniadi Kurniadi , Hasbi Muhamad
Published: December 2023

The role of empowering health cadres to change their perceptions of leprosy is very important for early detection. The aim of the research is to determine the role of trained cadres to find new cases of leprosy with a social learning theory approach. The quasi-experimental method was used in this study to identify new cases of leprosy, with a sample of 20 trained cadres and 20 untrained samples as controls. The data collected were then processed using the Mann-Whitney. The distribution of leprosy case findings in the control group revealed 17 negative cases and three suspected cases, and the distribution of leprosy case findings in the treatment group revealed 12 negative cases, one suspected case, and seven positive cases. On the results of the Mann-Whitney test, it was found that the value of p=0.03 <0.05 and the difference in the mean rank of the treatment was 23.52 and the mean rank in the control was 17.48. In conclusion, there was a difference in the range of case findings between the control and treatment groups that received leprosy identification training using social learning methods. The recommendation is to explore potential factors that may contribute to the observed differences in case findings.
Differences in cognitive life skills, knowledge, and attitudes between primary school students
Authors: Indraswari Ratih , Widjanarko Bagoes , Kusumawati Aditya , Handayani Novia
Published: December 2023

Adolescents who can think critically and make the right decisions reported delaying the practice of sexual pre-marital. This study describes the cognitive life skills, knowledge, and attitudes in the reproductive health context among primary school students. This research is a cross-sectional study conducted on 12.689 grade 4-6 primary school students in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. The Mann-Whitney U-test investigates the differences between male and female students’ decision-making skills, critical thinking skills, knowledge, and attitude. Most children (62.1%) stated that deciding something was difficult. Only 36.8% of children get ideas from other people when having a task to do. There are differences in knowledge (p-value=0.000) and attitudes (p-value=0.000) about reproductive health, as well as critical thinking skills (p-value=0.002) between males and females. There is no significant difference between males and females in terms of decision-making skills (p-value=0.202). There are differences in knowledge and attitudes about reproductive health and critical thinking skills between male and female students. However, there is no significant difference between males and females regarding decisionmaking skills. The Ministry of Health should design a life skills education method for pre-pubertal children considering sex segregation.