bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Computation of Database Operators via Vector Processing Near-Data
Authors: Santos Sairo Raoní dos , Kepe Tiago Rodrigo , Alves Marco Antonio Zanata
Published: July 2022

Data-centric applications are increasingly more common, causing issues brought on by the discrepancy between processorand memory technologies to be increasingly more apparent. Near-Data Processing (NDP) is an approach to mitigate this issue. It proposes moving some of the computation close to the memory, thus allowing for reduced data movement and aiding data-intensive workloads. Analytical database queries are very commonly used in NDP research due to their intrinsics usage of very large volumes of data. In this paper, we investigate the migration of most time-consuming database operators to VIMA, a novel 3D-stacked memory-based NDP architecture. We consider the selection, projection, and bloom join database query operators, commonly used by data analytics applications, comparing Vector-In-Memory Architecture (VIMA) to a high-performance x86 baseline. We pitch VIMA against both a single-thread baseline and a modern 16-thread x86 system to evaluate its performance. Against a single-thread baseline, our experiments show that VIMA is able to speed up execution by up to 5× for selection, 2.5× for projection, and 16× for join while consumingup to 99% less energy. When considering a multi-thread baseline, VIMA matches the execution time performance even at the largest dataset sizes considered. In comparison to existing state-of-the-art NDP platforms, we find that our approach achieves superior performance for these operators.
Counterfactual Misleading Inference Generation via Reinforced Proximal Policy Optimization
Authors: Peng Hsien-Yung , Chung Ho-Lam , Chan Ying-Hong , Fan Yao-Chung
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we propose to investigate Misleading Inference Generation, a new natural language generation task. The goal is to generate a counterfactual sentence for a context and a factual sentence. This paper proposes a framework based on BART and reinforcement learning for the misleading inference generation task. The experiment results show our model significantly outperforms the compared models, making our solution a necessary and strong baseline for future research toward misleading inference generation.
Changes in cerebral hemodynamics during systemic pulmonary shunt and pulmonary artery banding in infants with congenital heart disease
Authors: Takeda Yoshifumi , Yamamoto Masataka , Hoshino Koji , Ito Yoichi M. , Kato Nobuyasu , Wakasa Satoru , Morimoto Yuji
Published: July 2022

Palliative surgery is often performed in the treatment of congenital heart disease. Two representative palliative procedures are the systemic pulmonary shunt and pulmonary artery banding. Dramatic changes in cerebral hemodynamics may occur in these operations due to changes in the pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio and systemic oxygenation. However, there seem to be almost no studies evaluating them. Accordingly, we evaluated cerebral perfusion by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and cerebral oxygenation by near infrared spectroscopy during these procedures. In the post hoc analysis of a previous prospective observational study, cerebral blood flow velocities of the middle cerebral artery measured by transcranial Doppler were compared between the start and end of surgery as were the pulsatility index and resistance index. The cerebral oxygenation values were also compared between the start and end of surgery. Twenty-two infants with systemic pulmonary shunt and 20 infants with pulmonary artery banding were evaluated. There were no significant differences of the flow velocities between the start and end of surgery in either procedure. The pulsatility index significantly increased after pulmonary artery banding, which may compete with the increase in cerebral perfusion due to the increase in systemic blood flow. The cerebral oxygenation slightly, but significantly, decreased in both procedures, possibly due to an increase in body temperature. Arterial oxygen saturation was almost the same before and after both procedures. Contrary to our expectation, the changes in cerebral hemodynamics in the palliative operations were small if the management of physiological indices such as arterial oxygen saturation was properly performed during the procedures.
Efficacy and safety of apatinib or apatinib combined with etoposide in patients with biochemical recurrent platinum- resistance/refractoriness ovarian cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Wu Jiangchun , Guo Qinhao , Wu Yong , chen Siyu , Wang Simin , Wu Xiaohua , Ju Xingzhu
Published: July 2022

Background
Although apatinib or apatinib combined with etoposide has been widely used in the treatment of platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer (OC), certain effects have been achieved. This study focused on the effect of low-dose apatinib or combined with etoposide in the treatment of platinum-resistant or refractory OC with biochemical recurrence.
Methods
Patients with platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant OC treated with apatinib monotherapy or in combination with etoposide between March 2017 and May 2018 in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) were enrolled. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were evaluated based on the Rustin criteria. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the Adverse Events of National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria (Version 4.03).
Results
Among 31 patients in apatinib monotherapy group, the disease control rate (DCR) reached 77.41% and the objective response rate (ORR) reached 32.25%. The patient’s mPFS was 5.3 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.671–7.929); mOS was 24 months (95% CI, 12.746–35.254). In the combined group, the DCR reached 90%, and the ORR reached 50%. The patient’s mPFS was 6.33 months (95% CI, 4.498–8.162); mOS was 27 months (95% CI: 17.703–36.297).
Conclusion
In conclusion, we recommend 250mg apatinib or in combination with etoposide in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory OC at the time of biochemical recurrence.
The hidden diagnosis: a case report of undiagnosed pheochromocytoma
Authors: De Biase Luciano , Mazzanti Camilla , Ferrari Valeria , Galastri Silvia
Published: July 2022

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a transient akinesis of the apical wall of the left ventricle. It has been reported in literature a variant of this cardiomyopathy, known as reverse Takotsubo, affecting the basilar and midventricular segments of the left ventricle with sparing of the apical wall.The etiology underlying is still unclear, but it is traditionally thought to be related with stressful situations. Recently, it is established that TCM trigger factor is not only an acute emotional event; but also sudden intracranial events; acute medical diseases and increased secretion of endogenous catecholamines.In fact, pheochromocytoma is one of few diseases associated with this contractile pattern.We discuss the history of a 47-year-old woman who succumbed to Reverse Takotsubo Syndrome in the background of a catecholaminergic storm secondary to the administration of a D2 antagonist in (metoclopramide) in the setting of an undiagnosed pheochromocytoma.
Music as a Motivational Factor in Second Language Acquisition: Cross-cultural Insights from Iraq, Turkey, Oman, Yemen, and Indonesia
Authors: Al-Obaydi Liqaa Habeb , Tawafak Ragad M , Pikhart Marcel , Bin-Hady Wagdi Rashad Ali , Yüce Erkan , Nashruddin Nashruddin
Published: July 2022

The use of music in second language teaching is important due to the large number of benefits it can bring to the students and the whole educational process. The present study investigates students’ and teachers’ perspectives on using music in five Muslim countries, namely, Iraq, Turkey, Oman, Yemen, and Indonesia. It also attempts to show whether there is any correlation between using music in English as a second language classes and students’ motivation, intelligence, and social skills. The other important thing that this study focuses on is the cultural and religious matters that may prevent using music in schools in the researched countries. The study comprises participants, teachers and students, from all the mentioned countries. The researchers used two online interviews with the respondents. The interviews with the students were conducted Arabic, Turkish, and Indonesian to facilitate reliable data collection from the students. The findings of the study show the very positive attitudes of teachers and students in relation to the use of music in all the countries mentioned. It clearly shows that basically all participants, i.e., both the students and the teachers are very much motivated to implement or use more music in their classes. It also shows the enthusiasm of teachers to use music in their daily lessons and how they are ready to have any required training on musical aids. Teachers were convinced that using music can enhance students’ motivation, intelligence, and social skills. So, no cultural or religious ideas, regarding not using music in classes, were mentioned. On the other hand, the present study constructs a global vision towards the main challenges of teachers when using music, namely, the lack of training, no extra time available, and no resources for supporting music rooms or musical aids.
Nonlinear Estimator-Based Funnel Tracking Control for A Class of Perturbed Euler Lagrange Systems
Authors: Jin Xiao-Zheng , Tong Xing-Cheng
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a nonlinear estimator-based perturbation rejection funnel control method is investigated for a class of Euler-Lagrange (EL) systems to deal with the trajectory tracking problem against perturbations. To reinforce the perturbation rejection ability, perturbation estimators with nonlinear dynamics are established by employing a filtering operation, which results in asymptotic error convergence. Besides, by devising funnel variables with an exponential decaying function, a funnel control strategy is constructed to ensure tracking errors converging into a prescribed region. The tracking errors of Euler-Lagrange systems are concluded to be ultimately uniformly bounded via Lyapunov stability theory, as well as the controlling deviations are ensured to be restricted into the funnel boundary. Finally, simulations validate the effectiveness of the developed control technology.
Plasma level of ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) is associated with type 2 diabetes risk in humans: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Silva Julie Pires , Wargny Matthieu , Raffin Jeremy , Croyal Mikaël , Duparc Thibaut , Combes Guillaume , Genoux Annelise , Perret Bertrand , Vellas Bruno , Guyonnet Sophie , Thalamas Claire , Langin Dominique , Moro Cédric , Viguerie Nathalie , Rolland Yves , Barreto Philipe Souto , Cariou Bertrand , Martinez Laurent O.
Published: July 2022

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is thus of clinical relevance to identify plasma biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with the risk of T2D.ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) endogenously inhibits mitochondrial ATP synthase activity. Here, we analyzed association of the plasma IF1 level with markers of glucose homeostasis and with the conversion to new-onset diabetes (NOD) in individuals with prediabetes.Methods: In the IT-DIAB prospective study, the plasma level of IF1 was measured at baseline in 307 participants with prediabetes, defined as a moderately elevated fasting plasma glucose, i.e., 110–125 mg/dL (6.0–7.0 mmol/L). The primary outcome was the incidence of NOD, defined as the first fasting plasma glucose value ≥ 1.26 g/L (7.0 mmol/L) within five years of follow-up. Cross-sectional analysis of the IF1 level was also done in two independent interventional studies. Correlations between plasma IF1 and metabolic parameters at baseline were assessed by Spearman’s correlation coefficients, and the association with the risk of NOD was determined using Cox proportional‐hazards models.Results: In IT-DIAB, the mean IF1 plasma level was lower in participants who developed NOD than in those who did not (537 ± 248 versus 621 ± 313 ng/mL, p=0.01). The plasma IF1 level negatively correlated with clinical variables associated with obesity and insulin resistance, including the BMI (r = -0.20, p=0.0005) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.37, p<0.0001). Conversely, IF1 was positively associated with plasma markers of cardiometabolic health, such as HDL-C (r = 0.63, p<0.0001) and apoA-I (r = 0.33, p<0.0001). These correlations were confirmed in cross-sectional analyses. In IT-DIAB, the IF1 level was significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D after adjustment for age, sex, and fasting plasma glucose (HR [95% CI] per 1 SD = 0.76 [0.64; 0.94], p=0.012).Conclusion: We identified for the first time the mitochondrial-related biomarker IF1 as being associated with the risk of T2D. As a biomarker, circulating IF1 can be considered to be a surrogate of mitochondrial energetics. IF1 can potentially be used to select patients for clinical trials of therapeutics that target mitochondrial function.
Time series evaluation of condemnation at export poultry slaughterhouses in southeastern Brazil (2009– 2019): a tool for optimizing resources in the poultry production chain
Authors: Hortêncio Maria Carolina , Costa Letícia Roberta Martins , de Souza Maria Victoria Pereira , de Freitas Weslley Domenicci , Fonseca Belchiolina Beatriz , Silva Marcelo José Barbosa , Cossi Marcus Vinícius Coutinho
Published: July 2022

Despite technological advances in management, health and genetics applied to poultry farming worldwide, there is still a high rate of detection of pathologies and technopathies at slaughterhouses, resulting in losses for the poultry production chain. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the condemnation occurrence index (COI) and adjusted seasonal index (ASI) of poultry between 2009–2019, in an export slaughterhouse in southeastern Brazil. Data were obtained from official spreadsheets from the Brazilian Federal Inspection Service (FIS) and used to calculate the COI, correlation analysis between the main causes of condemnation, and ASI assessments throughout the year. Seven percent (55,594,318) of the carcasses were condemned (partial or total), and the most frequent causes, contamination and contusion/traumatic injury, amounted to 63.5% of the total condemnation. There was a trend of increasing condemnation throughout the time series evaluated, with COI varying between 45,282–149,809 condemnations per 1,000,000 poultry slaughtered. Evaluating the ASI, it was identified that for ascitic syndrome, July has a higher index value (1.63) than the months between January–June (P < 0.05). It was concluded that the main causes of condemnation were mainly related to failures in pre-slaughter and slaughter management. Analysis of condemnation history, demonstrated by ASI, can provide subsidies for preventive measures and optimization of human and financial resources, generating positive impacts on food safety, productivity, and profitability of the sector.
Novel selectively amplified DNA sequences in the germline genome of the Japanese hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri
Authors: Nagao Kohei , Otsuzumi Tomoko , Chinone Hitomi , Sasaki Takashi , Yoshimoto Junko , Matsuda Makiko , Kubota Souichirou , Goto Yuji
Published: July 2022

In the Japanese hagfish Eptatretus burgeri, 16 chromosomes (eliminated [E]-chromosomes) have been lost in somatic cells (2n=36), which is equivalent to approx. 21% of the genomic DNA in germ cells (2n=52). At least seven of the 12 eliminated repetitive DNA families isolated in eight hagfish species were selectively amplified in the germline genome of this species. One of them, EEEb1 (eliminated element of E. burgeri 1) is exclusively localized on all E-chromosomes. Herein, we identified four novel eliminated repetitive DNA families (named EEEb3–6) from this species through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) combined with Southern-blot hybridization. EEEb3 was mosaic for 5S rDNA and SINE element. EEEb4 was GC-rich repeats and had one pair of direct and inverted repeats, whereas EEEb5 and EEEb6 were AT-rich repeats and composed of several sub-repeats. Interestingly, all but EEEb3 were transcribed in the testes, although no functional open reading frame (ORF) was found. We conducted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to examine the chromosomal localizations of EEEb3–6 and EEEb2, which was initially isolated from the germline DNA of this species. All of them were completely colocalized on all EEEb1-positive E-chromosomes. The estimation of the copy number by slot-blot hybridization revealed that (i) EEEb1–6 family members occupied 39.9% of the total eliminated DNA, and (ii) a small number of repeats were retained in somatic cells, suggesting the incomplete elimination. These results provide new insights about the mechanisms involved in the chromosome elimination and the evolution of E-chromosomes.
HIV associated factors among men who have sex with men in Maanshan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Qin Qi-rong , Qiao Ni-ni , Zhu Hong-bin , Mei Yu-nan , Zhang Qian , Fan Yin-guang
Published: July 2022

Background: This study conducted a survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Maanshan City of Anhui Province to assess the risk behaviors related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection..Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2016 to June 2019. The MSM were recruited by a peer-driven sampling method. A face-to-face interview with anonymous questionnaire were used for data collection. The information collected by the survey was summarized and epidemiology described the basic characteristics of MSM, and then the related factors were statistically analyzed.Results: A total of 934 MSM were recruited with a mean age was 30.5 (SD=8.90) years old, including 816 (87.4%) HIV negative participants and 118 (12.6%) HIV positive ones. This study showed that laborer, freelancer, scope of sexual partners distribution, number of MSM friends, role of anal sex with men was receptive and versatile and non-steady sex partners were risk factors for HIV infection, while monthly income, frequency of condom use and number of oral sex partners in the past 6 months were protective factors for HIV infection.Conclusion: Risk behaviors were common in MSM, and urgent need for targeted and comprehensive interventions to reduce risky sexual behaviour and to prevent HIV infection in MSM.
Atomic imaging and thermally induced dynamic structural evolution of two-dimensional non-layered Cr2S3
Authors: Liu Ling , Tseng Tang , Huang Wei , Lo Hung-Yang , Wang Che-Hung , Hou An-Yuan , Yasuhara Akira , Wu Wen
Published: July 2022

Two-dimensional non-layered materials have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential for innovative applications. Chromium sulfide (Cr2S3) is a ferrimagnetic material with special spin states and thickness-dependent conduction-type transition properties. However, a fundamental understanding of Cr2S3 is limited, and a comprehensive study of its structural properties is essential for practical applications. In this study, facile salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to synthesize ultrathin non-van der Waals Cr2S3 with a thickness of ~1.9 nm. The structural transformation of as-grown Cr2S3 was studied using advanced in situ heating techniques combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two-dimensional (2D) and quasi-one-dimensional (1D) samples were fabricated to investigate the connection between specific planes and the dynamic behavior of the structural variation. For the 2D specimen, we studied the transition from a disorder-Cr1/3 layer of R-Cr2S3 to trigonal-Cr2S3, and trigonal-Cr2S3 to monoclinic-Cr3S4; for the quasi-1D specimen, we studied the transition from a disorder-Cr1/3 layer of R-Cr2S3 to monoclinic-Cr3S4 and monoclinic-Cr3S4 to trigonal-Cr5S6. The rearrangement of atoms during the phase transition was driven by the loss of sulfur atoms at elevated temperatures, resulting in increased free energy. The effect of the ratio of (001) plane on the structural transformation temperature was also discussed. A decrease in the ratio of (001) plane led to an overall increase in surface energy, thus lowering the critical phase transition temperature. Our study provides detailed insight into the mechanism of structural transformation and the critical factors governing transition temperature, thus paving the way for future studies on intriguing Cr-S compounds.
Implementation of Filter Structures in VLF Band for Remote Sensing Systems Using MCFOA
Authors: SEN Fadile , KIRCAY Ali , COBB Buket SONBAS
Published: July 2022

Different analogue filter circuits were designed containing a current-mode first-order and a minimum number of grounded passive elements. These circuits are designed to be used in the very low frequency (VLF − 3 kHz and 30 kHz) band, which is employed in remote sensing systems. They are designed with the help of an active element, called the modified current feedback operational amplifier (MCFOA). For this, first, currentmode first-order low-pass, high-pass and all-pass filter circuits are designed. Second, a current-mode first-order single input and three-output universal filters are designed to provide simultaneous low-pass, high-pass and all-pass filter outputs. These filter structures contained only four grounded passive components and one MCFOA. The cut-off frequencies of the filters are measured at 10 kHz. It has been observed that the filter structures can be used in the VLF band, as can be understood from the cut-off frequency. Furthermore, the frequency and gain of the filters can be adjusted electronically, by changing the values of the parameters in these filter circuits. The total harmonic distortion (THD; (%)) of these generated circuits is THD (%) ≤ 1. Moreover, the presented filter circuits provided wide dynamic range (DR > 60 dB). In addition, the total power loss of these filters is less than 1 mW for 2.5 V single-supply. Accuracies of these structures were verified using the PSpice program.
Numerical analysis of dynamics and durability of rotor elements in gas turbine engines
Authors: Ryzhikov I. N. , Repetskiy O. V. , Nguyen Van Vinh
Published: July 2022

In this work, an accurate algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels in gas turbine engines undergoing detuning of parameters was developed. The finite element method, underlying the Ansys Software, was used for modelling free and forced oscillations of rotor wheels. During the experiments, the detuning was simulated by attaching additional masses to the wheel blades. The calculations of frequencies, modes of forced oscillations, as well as dynamic stresses arising due to these oscillations, were carried out using the Fourier series. The schematisation of dynamic stresses, i.e. differentiation of obtained stresses into levels having specific amplitudes, was used to calculate durability. The main research result comprises the developed algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels of gas-turbine engines subjected to parameter detuning. This algorithm served as a basis for the Ocs_Rotor software for investigating the natural oscillations of blades and rotor wheels under parameter detuning. Using this software, the natural frequencies and oscillation modes of the blades were calculated. Dynamic stresses under forced oscillations, as well as durability of the rotor wheel, were calculated using the obtained results. The results of calculating the service life of an actual rotor wheel having three different positions of blades under detuning allowed the construction having the maximum service life of 1.75 * 105 hours to be selected. Comparing the results of calculations, obtained using the Ocs_Rotor software, with those of field experiments, carried out at Brandenburg Technical University (Cottbus, Germany), demonstrated high accuracy characterised by a maximum error of 4 %. This suggests that the software may be used to design structures of maximum service life. The results of durability calculations of an actual rotor wheel having different blade positions under detuning allowed practical recommendations for engineers on the positioning of the blades in the wheel to be established.
Physicochemical parameters of a hydrochemical technology employing sodium chloride to obtain cryolite used in aluminium production
Authors: Safiev Kh. , Naimov N. A. , Ruziev J. R. , Akhmadshoev I. Sh. , Juraqulov A. M. , Murodiyon A. , Nemchinova N. V.
Published: July 2022

The paper aims to study the physicochemical parameters of a hydrochemical technology employing hydrofluoric acid and local mineral resources (sodium chloride) to obtain cryolite used in the electrolysis of cryolite-alumina melts. In order to determine the elemental chemical and phase compositions of initial, intermediate, and final products, titration and X-ray diffraction analysis (using an upgraded Dron-2 unit) were employed. The conducted studies indicate that the proposed process of cryolite production from hydrofluoric acid at 28–30 % concentration using aluminium hydroxide and a concentrated sodium chloride solution occurs at 25 °С for 10–15 min. The yield of cryolite reaches 87.6 %, while ~12 % of cryolite remains dissolved in the hydrochloric acid solution. With the temperature rising from 25°С to 95°С, the cryolite yield is shown to decrease from 87.6 % to 69.3 % due to its higher solubility in the formed hydrochloric acid. The cryolite production process was validated via X-ray diffraction analysis. The analysed sample was found to be consistent with the cryolite reference, i. e., indicating an interaction between sodium chloride and fluoroaluminic acid. The conducted studies served as a basis for developing a process flow diagram of hydrochemical cryolite production using hydrofluoric acid, aluminium hydroxide, and sodium chloride. The conducted studies revealed that the technology of cryolite production employing sodium chloride is easy to implement and cost-effective due to the use of local mineral resources and low energy consumption.
Supplication and Internalization of Human Bondage in Martyna Majok’s Cost of Living
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Hong Eun-Sook
Published: July 2022

The Cost of Living by Martyna Majok sheds light on the hybrid subjects' views of immigrant experiences, noble lies of the American dream, disabilities, and the working class, which reflect today's problematic social conditions. The play demonstrates that the theater is a platform for transitions and transformations of life with dramatic actions of affective labors such as attending to neighbors, not feeling lonely, not suffering from poverty, caring for one another, and going with them. The two disabled characters, their caretakes, and those suffering from desperate humanitarian crises such as loneliness and poverty practice the action of going with them to make supplication of human relations and new forms of life. The characters reach the internalization of human bondage. After recognizing who is actually caring for whom, they overcome their own loneliness regardless of the gulfs that disability and wealth place between them. All the characters including Eddie, who is the loneliest person in the world, become knowing subjects, and finally recognize that they are interconnected and interdependent. The vision of interconnection and interdependence makes their neighborhood a collaborative platform and presents a new epistemic virtue.
Tecnologías, Relación, Información y Comunicación: Un recurso para el desarrollo de habilidades blandas
Authors: Hernández Silvera Dides Iliana , Ghilardelli Mariela Alejandra , Correia Vanesa Elena
Published: July 2022

Se evaluaron los resultados del “Proyecto Segunda Lectura” con una metodología activa de enfoque pedagógico de Aprendizaje Basado en Retos (ABR), considerando el Factor R-elacional contenido en las TRIC (Tecnologías + Relación + Información + Comunicación), la comunicación y las intervenciones digitales; el facilitador de los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje gamificados y; el seguimiento mediante rúbricas que guían las propuestas, como la variación de las Soft Skills (pre-post). Los participantes pertenecen a 5 escuelas con criterio de vulnerabilidad académica en tres grupos: riesgo pedagógico, alto riesgo y sin riesgo. El tipo de estudio fue cuasiexperimental descriptivo-comparativo y de corte transversal, con datos recogidos en muestreo por conveniencia. Participaron 157 estudiantes de colegios secundarios de zonas vulnerables (82% mujeres, 73% varones, 2% otro) de entre 17 a 19 años de edad (M = 18.69, DE = .67). Se administraron pruebas diagnósticas pre y post uso de la metodología para determinar el grado de aprendizaje logrado. El análisis de los resultados de los ítems propuestos en el instrumento rúbrica para la valoración pre-post, tuvo el fin de observar los logros en las Soft Skills seleccionadas por consenso, tanto en habilidades sociales como en intelectuales. En el total de la muestra, las variaciones en los ítems ente pre y post test, verifican diferencias estadísticamente significativas (sig.<,05). Por otro lado, se observan modificaciones en las notas pre y pos, en los tres grupos escolares (p < .001).
A personalized approach to the management of patients with chronic nonspecific back pain
Authors: Parfenov V. A. , Parfenova E. V.
Published: July 2022

Back pain is one of the most common causes of a doctor visit and occupy the first place among all non-infectious diseases in terms of the number of years of life, lost due to persistent deterioration in health. Nonspecific (musculoskeletal) pain represents the most common cause of pain and can be caused by the intervertebral disc extrusion, the lesion of the facet joints, the sacroiliac joints pain (SJP), the myofascial syndrome. A comprehensive (interdisciplinary) approach to the treatment of chronic back pain is aimed not only at reducing pain, but also at increasing physical, social and domestic activity, improving the emotional state, and developing effective stereotypes of behavior. The personalized approach is based on the patient clarifying both anatomical causes of pain and social and psychological, including erroneous ideas about the causes of back pain and its forecast, depression, increased anxiety and insomnia. Kinesitherapy represents the most effective direction when conducting patients with chronic back pain and should be combined with avoiding excessive static and physical exertion. In addition to therapeutic exercises, regular walks are of great importance, the intensity and volume of which can gradually increase. Psychological methods of therapy, mainly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), are effective for chronic nonspecific back pain, they also use in the presence of emotional disorders and insomnia. In case of damage to the facet joints, the SJP, combined osteoarthritis of the knee and hip joints for  chronic back pain as additional therapy, combined drugs of  chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate are used. Unfortunately, in our country, a personalized approach is rarely used, including the CBT, but its use can help many patients with chronic back pain.
Information overload and sleep disorders
Authors: Pchelina P. V. , Sursaev V. A. , Poluektov M. G.
Published: July 2022

Due to the processes of globalization and transition to the information society their negative effects started to become apparent, namely virtually unlimited access to an abundance of information. Information overload occurs when the amount of information exceeds the perceptual abilities of accepting human being. It questions the impact of this process on health and sleep. Such phenomena as mind scrolling, communicative overload, distrust of digital security, cyber violence, digital inequality as mediators or consequences of information overload are considered. This article reviews the types of the information overload, ways of disseminating information, mechanisms of influence on the self-rated health and psychological condition and sleep, connections with anxiety and depression. This subject became especially relevant in  the context of  COVID-19 pandemic, since isolation, restriction of motor activity, and increased time spent behind the screen have become important predictors not only of sleep disorders, but also of other health problems. The article addresses the issue of subjects of studies are usually teenagers and people under 35 (generation Z), as the most active smartphones, messengers, social networks and mass media users. The problem of providing unfair information to users of social networks of different regions of residence, socio-economic levels is raised. Most scientists agree that the ways to solve the described problems are to limit the time behind the screen, the amount of content consumed per day, and compliance with sleep hygiene. Additional studies are required to determine the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of the effect of stress on sleep.
Evaluation of the tolerability of zoledronic acid preparations for parenteral administration
Authors: Shafieva I. A. , Bulgakova S. V. , Shafieva A. V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. From the perspective of evidence-based medicine, bisphosphonates (BP) represented by several drugs with various routes of administration and dosing regimens have been recognized as the gold standard for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Generic BPs are widely used for the treatment of OP due to the availability and optimal balance of cost and effectiveness.

The aim is to compare the tolerability of the generic zoledronic acid 5 mg (Osteostatics) and the original zoledronic acid 5 mg (Aclasta).

Materials and methods. A total of 54 women aged 56–65 years with postmenopausal OP were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: 28 patients (Group 1) received intravenous infusions of Osteostatics 5 mg, 26 (Group 2) received Aclasta. Patients in both groups received concomitant therapy with calcium carbonate (1000 mg once a day) and vitamin D (2000 IU once a day). Adverse event data were collected within a week.

Results. Among side effects, it was fever that occurred most often: 57.1% in patients receiving Osteostatics (Group 1), and 61.5% in patients receiving Aclasta (Group 2). Headache occurred in 53.5% and 50% of cases, respectively. Side effects such as arthralgia and flu-like syndrome were less common and accounted for 17.8% and 15.4% of cases. Nausea only occurred in 14.2% and 11.5%, myalgia in 42.8% and 38.4%, respectively. In most cases the side effects did not last for more than 48 hours. The frequency and severity of side effects were comparable in patients with comorbidities in both groups.

Conclusion. The tolerability of the generic zoledronic acid Osteostatix at a dose of 5 mg is comparable to the original drug Aklasta.
Exercícios ou manobras militares estrangeiras na zona econômica exclusiva uma perspectiva do direito internacional
Authors: Cavalcanti Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Este artigo objetiva analisar o regime jurídico da zona econômica exclusiva (ZEE) no concernente a exercícios ou manobras militares (EMMs) conduzidos por Estados terceiros. Primeiro, verificamos se a Convenção sobre Direito do Mar atribui diretamente ao Estado costeiro a jurisdição sobre EMMs ou a todos os Estados a liberdade de conduzi-los. Depois, na hipótese de não haver atribui- ção direta, examinamos a atribuição residual pelo Art. 59. Em seguida, no caso de atribuição ao Estado terceiro, esmiuçamos como a liberdade deve ser exercida e seus limites. Por fim, abordamos a aplicação da proibição do uso da força a EMMs na ZEE. Concluímos que o Esta- do costeiro pode exigir seu consentimento para que ter- ceiros conduzam as referidas atividades na sua ZEE. A discricionariedade no exercício deste poder dependerá da interpretação adotada e nosso principal ponto é que a discricionariedade é absoluta. Essas conclusões dão sus- tento jurídico a posições adotadas por Bangladesh, Brasil, China, Índia, Irã e outros.
Experiment and analysis of active vibration isolation system based on rigid pedestal using SDOF actuator
Authors: Xiong Feng , Li Yan , Wang Chunyu
Published: July 2022

This paper is about the active-passive isolation system based on single degree of freedom electromagnetic actuator and focuses on different control effect of different measure points. In view of this problem, the authors analyze the vibration characteristics of the active and passive vibration isolation systems of electromagnetic airbags under single and multi-vibration isolators. Then they decompose the rigid pedestal vibration into two orthogonal components, the vertical translation and the fix axis rotation. After that compare simulation and experiment results in terms of the control effect when the single active-passive isolator location varies. Finally, the authors draw a conclusion about the reason why the rigid pedestal vibration can be globally controlled by arranging more than 3 active-passive isolations and design a multiple isolator system experiment to verify.
Legal Security of the Russian Federation: Problems of Understanding and Assessment of Modern Threats
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Shutova V.N.
Published: July 2022

The subject of the research in the framework of this article is legal security as one of the fields of the national security of Russia. The author of the article analyzes various approaches to understanding of legal security in the modern legal science. The author equally concludes that legal security can be understood in two aspects: axiological and instrumental. The author points out that the supporters of the axiological approach, basing their statements on the values of law, determine legal security as the state of immunity of the legal system itself from different threats. Whereas the supporters of the instrumental approach argue that the law should have the essential role in providing security of the personality, the society and the State. It is underlined that using different approaches, however, one can distinguish general intrinsic characteristics of legal security. While considering the threats to legal security, the author considers its classical division into internal and external. The following negative phenomena are described as the main internal threats: enactment of regulatory legal acts that violate the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation; lacunae and contradictions in the legislation; failure to enact the decisions of Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation; nihilistic attitude to law. The author indicates crisis phenomena in the socio-political life of the country that have a negative impact on law making and law-enforcement. The author of the article concludes that, nowadays, the main threat to legal security in Russia is the low quality of the modern legislation that is manifested in its abundance, situation-specifics, contradictions and technical imperfection.
A participatory SWOT analysis on water, sanitation, and hygiene management of disabled females in Dhaka slums of Bangladesh
Authors: Nowreen Sara , Chowdhury Md. Arif , Tarin Nusrat Jahan , Hasan Md. Robiul , Zzaman Rashed Uz
Published: July 2022

Rampant slum growths add more barriers to scaling up sustainable WASH facilities coupled with safe MHM amenities for megacities. On top of inequalities in accessing to WASH provision, MHM sensitivity to the needs of disabled girls or women is commonly denied. Low-income community case studies from the megalopolis of Dhaka, Bangladesh, capture multi-faceted links between disabled-female's agony and hygiene issues. Layers of discrimination are faced starting from no education after puberty to becoming a family burden. An overall assessment was further extended to identify SWOT for water and sanitation access to hygiene and MHM practices from the gender perspectives applying several mixed-method participatory approaches. Insufficient government support amount, inadequate pipeline water supplies, inconvenient infrastructures, and pricey hygiene products are considered as key weaknesses. Immediate demands include policies for empowerment via training, education coupled with caring services, and adequate, affordable, and disabled inclusive MHM amenities at public places. Finally, the analyses suggest community choices classifying recommendations into three broad categories, namely policy, intervention, and research to serve policymakers and gender experts in identifying potential measures to achieve the global targets of SDGs 3, 5, 6, and 10. Among many solutions, income opportunity via non-governmental loans for caretakers was proposed by most.
Utilização de Agrotóxicos na Produção Agrícola e seus Impactos na Saúde do Trabalhador Rural em Goiás (2010 a 2020)
Authors: Constante Kelly Sulainy Alves , Galvão Giovana Tavares , Afonso João Pedro Ribeiro , Lino Maria Eduarda Moreira , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula , Silva Iransé Oliveira , Dutra e Silva Sandro , Oliveira Luís Vicente Franco de
Published: July 2022

Os altos índices de produção agrícola alcançados na região Centro-Oeste e no estado de Goiás demandam o uso intenso de agrotóxicos, entretanto deve-se considerar os efeitos nocivos desses produtos para a saúde humana.  O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma discussão da utilização de agrotóxicos na produção agrícola em Goiás e seus impactos na saúde do trabalhador rural no período de 2010 a 2020 com ênfase no município de Anápolis. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com levantamento de informações junto às bases de dados governamentais e levantamento bibliográfico de artigos publicados sobre produção agrícola, agrotóxicos e intoxicações. Nos anos de 2010 a 2020 o estado de Goiás apresentou um considerável crescimento na produção agrícola e nas vendas de produtos agrotóxicos. O aumento significativo do consumo de agrotóxicos está diretamente associado ao aumento de incidência de intoxicações no Estado. O crescente número de notificações é preocupante, uma vez que o modo e a extensão com que os agrotóxicos são utilizados têm impactado na saúde dos trabalhadores rurais provocando efeitos que se manifestam de diferentes formas e intensidades ao longo de suas vidas, causando doenças, alterações genéticas, fisiológicas e comportamentais, e em muitos casos com evolução para óbitos.
On Measures to Ensure Sovereignty the Russian Legal System
Authors: Gligich-Zolotareva M. V.
Published: July 2022

Today  we can observe a number  of fundamental changes in the interstate sphere. There  is the systemic crisis of international  law.  We  also can see the attempts to replace it with the American  concept  of a “rules-based  world  order”. In response to the  unfriendly  actions of Western  countries, Russia  has taken  a number  of measures in various fields, such as a diplomatic, economic, financial,  trade, educational, etc.  Russia’s  withdrawal from  some international  organizations  unfriendly  to  our  country  has  begun.  At  the  same  time, the legislation of the Russian Federation has accumulated a significant number of acts ratifying international  treaties (agreements) which are currently irrelevant or do not correspond to the interests of the Russian Federation, limiting its sovereignty in modern conditions. Considering the obviously  unfriendly  nature  of the activities of a number  of states, Russia  need for an inventory  and revision of it. In addition, Russia  is a member  of a number  of international organizations leading an anti-Russian policy. It makes  necessary to audit the expediency  of the country’s participation  in their activities.
Problems of Ensuring the Balance of Regional Budgets in The Conditions of Sanctions Pressure
Authors: Shabel’nikova S. I.
Published: July 2022

Having  successfully passed the tests of the pandemic, the Russian  economy  has faced new challenges.  Unprecedented   sanctions  have  been  imposed  on  our  country  by  unfriendly States.  They  affected  the Bank  of Russia  and  are related  to the management  of reserves and  assets,  as a result of which  more than  half are blocked.  A number  of Russian  banks have disconnected  from the SWIFT payment  system and restricted cross-border transfers. Against the background  of such a difficult geopolitical situation, the regional economy  and the budget system were under  serious threat.  However, the «pandemic»  experience  gained allowed the Government of the Russian Federation, the Parliament, and regional management teams not to react slowly to the events taking place and take the necessary steps to contain external sanctions pressure. Priority actions were aimed at stabilizing the situation in financial markets, tax  incentives  and  reducing  regulatory restrictions, import support, speeding up budget  procedures  and  the  use of funds  from  state-owned  companies, support for SMEs and  system-forming  enterprises. The  rights of the Government  of the Russian  Federation have  been expanded  and  the opportunity  has been given to direct the funds  of the NWF for the purchase of Russian  government securities and shares of Russian  issuers, to identify specific investment  projects in the tourism industry. In addition, legislative norms have been adopted  that allow  regions to respond quickly  to changes in the geopolitical situation  and the economic situation and reduce the impact of negative factors on the budget system. This article examines  the issues of the state of regional budgets in modern  conditions, analyzes the state measures  taken  to preserve the stability  of the budget system, and  also suggests mechanisms  aimed  at further  strengthening  and  stabilizing  the situation  in the regions to ensure the balance  of regional budgets.
Preparation of Metformin Biodegradable Polymeric Microparticles by
O/O Emulsion Solvent Evaporation: A 32 Full Factorial Design Approach
Authors: Patil Jayesh Shivaji , Pawar Yogesh Dagadu
Published: July 2022

Background:

Sustained release of synthetic polymeric microparticles has gained more attention
as drug delivery carriers because of their properties such as good stability, low toxicity, dosing frequency,
and simple and mild preparation method. The present work was envisaged to reduce the dosing
frequency by preparing drug loaded biodegradable microspheres by the O/O emulsion solvent evaporation
technique.

Objective:

The objective behind microspheres’ preparation is to sustain the metformin release by using
ethyl cellulose as a synthetic polymer. The model drug metformin having a low biological half-life (1.5-3
hours) is selected.

Methods:

As the metformin is highly water soluble in nature, the oil-in-oil solvent evaporation techniques
are used and span 80 is utilized as surfactant. The effect of stirring rate and surfactant concentration on
the characteristics of encapsulation efficiency and drug release from the microsphere are investigated.

Results:

The results show that the drug-polymer (1:1) ratio gives better sustained release results. The
obtained microparticles are characterized by X-RD analysis and Fe-SEM, and release behavior is checked
for release patterns. A 32 full factorial design is employed for the responses. The free-flowing spherical
microspheres show high drug entrapment efficiency.

Conclusion:

The data obtained suggest that microspheres can be successfully designed with sustained
release for diabetic treatment.