bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A theatrical metanarrative of Cervantes’ Don Quixote: Dramaturgy, corporeality and play
Authors: Kakosimou Olga
Published: May 2020

In 2018, Efi Birba offered the Greek public a different theatrical version of the famous Cervantes’ novel, Don Quixote. Exclusively profiting the storytelling dynamic of the body, she used playing as the main tool of the literary interpretation and meaningfulness. Her directorial choices removed her from the concept of theatrical adaptation and introduced her into the field of metanarration. In this article, I explore the dramaturgical rhetoric of the performance and the narrative devices being used in. Highlighting the concept of ‘play’ as the main technique, I point out the performative flow as a non-verbal field where the body may not just represent or tell a story, but actually be that story and shift it from one level to another. Questions about corporeal awareness, timing and spatiality are raised, as well as questions about the metanarrative potential of a corporeal performance to translate literary meanings and deepen into allegorical insights and symbolisms.
Whale wonder
Authors: Grover Friedlander Michal
Published: May 2020

‘Whale wonder’ explores the allure of the humpback whale’s voice and our responses to it in a few seminal works involving music – among them, Walt Disney’s The Whale Who Wanted to Sing at the Met (1946), Pete Seeger’s ‘The Song of the World’s Last Whale’ (1970) and John Cage’s ‘Litany for the Whale’ (1980). The article considers works in which the whale’s voice affects singing as well as our very concept of what singing is. ‘Whale wonder’ shows how music in these works is not a mere projection of what the whale symbolizes or signifies for us. As the whale’s voice enters music, it transforms it and our understanding of what music can be.
Baudrillard on Broadway: Bio-musicals, the hyperreal and the cultural politics of simuloquism
Authors: Macpherson Ben
Published: May 2020

This article considers the nature of vocal hyperreality in bio-musicals: a form of musical theatre in which actors simulate the voices of well-known pop singers or groups in theatrical retellings of their lives and careers. To do so, I employ the four successive stages of simulacrum found in Jean Baudrillard’s ‘The precession of simulacra’ (1981) to consider the potentials and limitations of such vocal simulation in the act of (re)authoring pop singers for the musical stage. Considering the way in which such performances mask or denature their source material (the ‘original’ voices of pop singers and artists), while at the same time employing a dual temporality of cultural memory and current experience, I offer a neologism that may help articulate the complex experience for audience members who attend these productions. The final part of the article considers the peculiar convention of releasing Original Cast Recordings of these works, arguing that these may be symptomatic of Baudrillard’s simulacrum, as popular culture reaches a terminus from which it is unable to progress without regression, intertextuality or manufactured nostalgia.
Dramaturging the I-voicer in A Voice Is. A Voice Has. A Voice Does.: Methodologies of autobiophony
Authors: Thomaidis Konstantinos
Published: May 2020

This practice-research (PaR) piece proposes autobiophony (vocal autobiography in/through voice) as both a new area of research for interdisciplinary voice studies practitioner-scholars and a distinct methodology for probing the interconnections of selfhood, narration, performativity, intersectional positionality and voicing. Using as a point of departure the PaR performance-lecture A Voice Is. A Voice Has. A Voice Does., devised by the author, this Voicing interrogates the makings of the polyvocal self as monophonic chorus. The I-voicer of the PaR piece is examined as both constitutively plural and communicatively dialogic (but never resolved as either), enacting a complex dramaturgy of belonging. Framed by a working manifesto on autobiophony, the Voicing below is itself composed in a way that invites autobiophonic engagement by the reader-listener and proposes suggestions for using autobiophony as pedagogy, performance analysis tool and research methodology.
Políticas públicas de formação para professores da Educação Básica: estudo sobre a formação por EaD
Authors: Araújo Gracieda dos Santos
Published: May 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir as políticas de formação de professores da Educação Básica no Brasil, com ênfase à modalidade de ensino por Educação à Distância – EaD, refletindo-se sobre o ensino oferecido pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior privado – IES, e suas implicações para a formação dos filhos da classe trabalhadora da cidade e do campo. A discussão gira em torno da atual conjuntura política do país, trazendo para o debate os limites e desafios que ações governamentais, realizadas a partir do ano de 2016, representam à educação pública. A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica. Como referência, nos baseamos em teóricos como: Duarte (2010, 2004), Martins (2010), Saviani (1995, 2009 e 2011), dentre outros, bem como em dados da Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização – ANA (2016) e do Sindicato das Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior – SEMESP (2015). Constata-se que, no contexto das sociedades organizadas a partir do modo de produção capitalista, a formação do professor se dá por meio do desenvolvimento das políticas públicas oriundas das políticas neoliberais, influenciadas pelas demandas do mercado e das suas exigências de formação. Tudo isso por meio de práticas pedagógicas esvaziadas de sentido e que possam favorecer, de fato, uma educação capaz de contribuir para a superação da sociedade de classes.
The Evolution of a Rocks and Minerals Challenge Game Design
Authors: Rennar-Potacco Donna , Orellana Anymir , Ramirez-Levine Rita
Published: May 2020

This design case describes design decisions and their impacts during three redesigns of an educational game called the “Rocks and Minerals Challenge.” This game was developed as a laboratory supplement for the rocks and minerals component of a university-based geology course. The game has evolved through three distinct design phases: Design 1, first designed as a challenge module in 2005; Design 2, redesigned as a game in 2012 for compatibility reasons; and Design 3, redesigned in 2015 to enhance instructional effectiveness. Following is a description of the game design factors that were implemented for each of the design phases: learning goals, levels of challenges, scaffold-ing, user control, feedback, and rules. The timing, rationale and impacts of these design decisions are discussed within the context of recommendations identified by existing educational game research.
Collaboration by Design: Development of a Video Game for Energy Literacy
Authors: Radtke Rebekah , Santillan-Jimenez Eduardo , Mohr-Schroeder Margaret
Published: May 2020

University students, faculty, and staff from science, engineering, education, entrepreneurship, and design (SEE(E)D) backgrounds developed a video game to leverage outreach efforts promoting sustainability, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics ((S)STEM) to underserved students. This was accomplished by transforming a board game—previously developed and used to teach elementary students about complex and often misunderstood energy and sustainability issues—through a collaborative design process. The process of taking a tangible board game into the digital realm required significant design and pedagogical adaptations to maintain student learning outcomes and content delivery. Scientists, educators, and designers strengthened the graphical and pedagogical aspects of the game collaboratively to ultimately expand and deepen the energy literacy of elementary school students. This design case seeks to elucidate the multidisciplinary collaborative design process used by SEE(E)D faculty and researchers as well as students to redesign a board game into a didactic video game that is easier to both deploy and disseminate for the benefit of K-12 students and teachers.
Designing Informal Vs Formal Education Activities—What We Have Learned
Authors: Burghardt M. David , Hecht Deborah
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the differences and challenges encountered when trying to create informal blended (virtual and hands-on) engineering design STEM activities. It contrasts the creation of STEM activities for formal and informal learning environments, stressing that the differences extend far beyond the length of the activity or depth of any learning goals. The discussion begins with an examination of differences between the two learning environments that need to be taken into consideration. These differences include the physical environments, organizational structures, and the goals or reasons for the delivery of STEM activities in both environments. The paper continues by explaining why curriculum developers must be mindful of the context that will be implementing the activities, including space and time availability. The facilitators who deliver STEM activities are likely to have very different backgrounds in formal school settings compared to informal settings. Furthermore, it is important to recognize that youth in informal settings often push back when activities seem too “school-like.” The paper concludes by presenting a detailed examination of the iterative process used to develop blended engineering design STEM activities in an informal setting. This process involved several revisions and tests of materials with youth in informal settings.
Perbedaan Jumlah Bakteri pada Sistem Closed Suction dan Sistem Open Suction pada Penderita dengan Ventilator Mekanik
Authors: Debora Yusnita , Leksana Ery , Sutiyono Doso
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Kolonisasi bakteri didefinisikan sebagai mekanisme utama di dalam patogenesis Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). Penggunaan suction merupakan salah satu strategi dalam mengurangi jumlah kejadian Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). Closed tracheal suction system (CSS) dilaporkan memiliki keuntungan dalam aspek mikrobiologi bila dibandingkan dengan open closed suction system (OSS).Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan closed suction system dibandingkan dengan open suction system pada penderita dengan ventilator mekanik.Metode: Merupakan penelitian Randomized Control Group Pretest-Postest Design with Consecutive Sampling Approach. Jumlah subyek adalah 30 orang yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (15 closed suction system, 15 open suction system). Masing-masing kelompok diberikan oral hygiene tiap 12 jam selama 48 jam. Tiap kelompok diambil sekret dari trakhea sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, untuk kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan hitung jumlah dan jenis bakteri. Uji statistik dilakukan menggunakan Wilcoxon dan Mann -Whitney test.Hasil: Hitung bakteria berbeda bermakna pada kelompok I (p=0,001) dan berbeda bermakna pada kelompok II ( p=0,005). Analisis komparatif selisih skor sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan kedua kelompok berbeda tidak bermakna (p=0,008).Simpulan: Penggunaan closed suction system pada pasien dengan ventilasi mekanik mengurangi jumlah bakteri post-intervensi secara signifikan, demikian halnya dengan open suction system. Closed suction system tidak lebih baik dalam mengurangi jumlah bakteri pada penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Infus Dekstrosa 2,5 % NaCl 0,45% Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Perioperatif pada Pasien Pediatri
Authors: Alfanti Erna Fitriana , Budiono Uripno , Arifin Johan
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang : Dari pasien pediatri yang dipuasakan, semua cairan rutin diberikan harus mengandung glukosa dengan alasan pada anak hanya sedikit mempunyai cadangan glikogen di hepar, sehingga bila pemasukan per oral terhenti selama beberapa waktu akan dengan mudah menjadi hipoglikemia yang dapat berakibat fatal terutama bagi sel otak. Cairan dekstrosa 5% NaCl 0,45% dapat mencegah hipoglikemia tetapi menyebabkan hiperglikemia post operasi. Cairan infus dekstrosa 2,5% NaCl 0,45% yang mempunyai kadar glukosa lebih kecil, diperkirakan tidak menyebabkan hiperglikemia atau hipoglikemiaTujuan: Untuk membandingkan cairan infus dekstrosa 5% NaCl 0,45% dan cairan infus dekstrosa 2,5% NaCl 0,45% dalam mencegah terjadinya hipoglikemia dan hiperglikemia durante dan setelah operasi pada pasien pediatrikMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinik tahap 1 (subyek manusia) pada 48 penderita yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum. Semua penderita dipuasakan 4 jam dan diberi obat premedikasi. Pengambilan sampel darah perifer untuk pemeriksaan GDS pre induksi, pasca induksi, tiap 30 menit durante operasi. Penderita dikelompokkan secara random menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok I mendapat infus dekstrosa 5% NaCl 0,45% dan kelompok II mendapat infus dekstrosa 2,5% NaCl 0,45%. Akan dilakukan uji normalitas distribusi kadar glukosa darah dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov -Smirnov. Apabila p>0,05 maka distribusinya disebut normal. Analisis analitik akan dilakukan untuk menguji perbedaan kadar glukosa antar kelompok dengan independent-t-test (distribusi normal). Uji beda kadar glukosa antar kelompok dengan menggunakan paired t -test (distribusi normal).Hasil : Karakteristik umum subyek pada masing–masing kelompok memiliki distribusi yang normal (p > 0,05), didapatkan data yang homogen (perbedaan yang tidak bermakna, p>0,05) dari semua variabel. Data sebelum perlakuan pada kelompok I (p= 0,109 ) dan kelompok II (p=0,106) memberikan hasil nilai kadar glukosa darah berdistribusi normal ( p > 0,05 ). Prainduksi ( p = 0,762 ) sampai sesaat setelah induksi ( 0,714 ) terjadi kenaikan kadar glukosa darah namun tidak bermakna ( p> 0,05 ) . Kadar glukosa antar kelompok berbeda bermakna pasca operasi mulai menit 30 sampai menit 150 ( p=0,00 ). Kadar glukosa darah pada kelompok I saat prainduksi 102,36±4,31 mg/dl, pasca induksi 106,0±44,17 mg/dl , 30 menit 107,28±6,05 mg/dl, 60 menit 108,68±7,64 mg/dl, 90 menit 110,36±9,26 mg/dl, 120 menit 112,16±16,07 mg/dl dan 150 menit 114,64±22,38 mg/dl. Uji normalitas variabel glukosa darah dilihat dari waktu, masing -masing kelompok memiliki distribusi yang normal ( p> 0,05 ) .Uji beda kadar glukosa darah antara kedua kelompok memberikan hasil berbeda bermakna ( p> 0,05 ).Simpulan: Pemberian cairan infus Dekstrosa 2,5 % NaCl 0,45 % lebih baik dari cairan D5 % NaCl 0,45% karena tidak menyebabkan terjadinya hipoglikemia dan hiperglikemia selama dan setelah operasi pada pasien pediatri
Pengaruh Simvastatin Terhadap Kapasitas Fagositosis Makrofag Pada Mencit Balb/C Yang Diberi Lipopolisakharida
Authors: Harahap Sherliyanah , Jatmiko Heru Dwi , Harahap Mohamad Sofyan
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Simvastatin merupakan grup obat yang disebut sebagai hydroxy metyl glutaryl (HMG Co) reductase inhibitors). Efek simvastatin terhadap TNF -alpha neutralizing antibody bahwa Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl) coenzyme reductase inhibitors memiliki efek pleiotropic actions, yang mampu memperbaiki survival penderita sepsis.Tujuan : Membuktikan efek pemberian simvastatin 0,03 mg, 0,06 mg dan 0,12 mg peroral pada mencit yang diberi LPS intraperitoneal terhadap penurunan kapasitas fagositosis makrofag intraperitoneal.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental desain the post test only controlgroup. Sampel penelitian 20 ekor mencit balb/c jantan. Mencit dibagi dalam 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok Kontrol (tidak diberi simvastatin), kelompok Perlakuan 1,2,3 berturut-turut diberi simvastatin 0,03 mg; 0,06 mg; dan 0,12 mg peroral.Sebelumnya masing -masing kelompok disuntikkan lipopolisakarida 10 mg/kgBB intraperitoneal.Hasil : Rerata kapasitas fagositosis makrofag untuk masing-masing kelompok : Kontrol = 44,40+3.97; Perlakuan 1 = 37,80+2,86; Perlakuan 2 = 31,20+1,30; Perlakuan 3 = 23,00+4,30. Hasil uji statistik antar kelompok didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok K1 dengan K3 dan K4, antara K2 dengan K3 dan K4 (p<0,0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara K1 dan K2, serta K3 dan K4. (p>0,0,05).Kesimpulan : Pemberian simvastatin dosis 0,06 mg dan 0,12 mg peroral menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna pada penurunan kapasitas fagositosis makrofag intraperitoneal dibanding kontrol pada mencit yang diberi lipopolisakarida.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/Kgbb dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/Kgbb Intravena sebagai Ajuvan untuk Teknik Hipotensi Kendali pada Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional
Authors: Purwaningrum Kausarina , Wahab Abdul , Seweng Arifin
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Teknik hipotensi kendali akan mengurangi perdarahan sehingga lapang pandang operasi lebih jelas dan kemungkinan komplikasi dapat dihindari.Tujuan: Membandingkan efektivitas premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB intravena sebagai ajuvan teknik hipotensi kendali pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional pada anestesi umum.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental secara acak tersamar tunggal. Total sampel 48 orang yang menjalani bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional. Sampel dibagi dalam dua kelompok perlakuan, kelompok pertama diberikan premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB (n=24) dan kelompok kedua diberikan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB (n=24).  Selama periode hipotensi kendali, setiap 15 menit ahli THT memberikan penilaian numerik dari kondisi lapangan operasi menggunakan skala Fromme dan Boezzart. Data non parametrik diuji dengan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Tampilan lapangan pandang operasi pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05)Simpulan: Premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB intravena sama efektif dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB sebagai ajuvan dalam teknik hipotensi kendali dan memberikan tampilan lapangan operasi yang bersih pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional.
Perbedaan Sedasi Midazolam dan Ketamin terhadap Base Excess Pasien dengan Ventilator
Authors: Adhiany Eka , Jatmiko Heru Dwi , Budiono Uripno
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Agitasi dan kecemasan sering terjadi pada pasien-pasien Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Kejadian kecemasan berkisar di atas 70% dari pasien-pasien ICU). Ini membutuhkan pemberian obat sedasi dan analgesia. Obat sedasi yang dapat digunakan antara lain midazolam dan ketamin. Kedua obat ini memiliki perbedaan dalam efek ke pembuluh darah.Tujuan: Untuk menemukan perbedaan nilai base excess (BE) melalui analisa gas darah arteri pasien ICU yang menggunakan midazolam dibandingkan dengan ketamin sebagai sedasi.Metode: Suatu uji klinik eksperimental yang dilakukan secara acak tersamar ganda pada pasien yang menggunakan ventilator di unit rawat intensif. Pasien (n : 28) dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, K1 yang mendapat sedasi ketamin dan K2 mendapat midazolam. Pasien diberikan sedasi selama 24 jam dengan dosis bervariasi dengan target kedalaman sedasi pasien pada Ramsay Score 4, kemudian diperiksa nilai analisis gas darah pada jam ke-0, 6, dan 24.Hasil: Hasil perbandingan sedasi midazolam dengan ketamin ini menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna pada nilai base excess yang menggunakan sedasi ketamin jam ke-0 dan jam ke-6 saja dengan nilai p=0,04 (p<0.05), sedangkan untuk jam ke-0 dan jam ke-24 didapatkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna dimana p=0,55, dan untuk jam ke-6 dan jam ke-24 juga didapatkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna dimana p=0,786.Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada hasil pemeriksaan base excess darah arteri pada pasien menggunakan ventilator dalam 24 jam yang diberikan midazolam dibandingkan dengan ketamin.
Manajemen Anestesi pada Pasien dengan Chiari Malformation dan Syringomyelia
Authors: Kurniawan Tomas Ari , Sinardja I Ketut
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Chiari malformation merupakan kelainan anatomi dari otak kecil dimana tonsil cerebellum turun ke arah Foramen magnum dan menimbulkan serangkaian gejala klinis. Secara umum kelainan ini memiliki 4 tipe klasifikasi berdasarkan derajat beratnya kelainan anatomi dari cerebellum. Pada beberapa kasus dijumpai kelainan juga disertai dengan syringomyelia. Tindakan yang bisa dikerjakan untuk mengurangi gejala klinis antara lain dengan melakukan dekompresi pada tulang cranium bagian occipital, sehingga dapat mengurangi gejala penekanan pada bagian cerebellum yang turun.Kasus: Pasien kami mengalami Chiari malformation tipe 2 dengan adanya syringomyelia. Gejala klinis yang muncul berupa nyeri kepala dan leher bagian belakang, disertai dengan kelemahan pada tangan kiri. Melalui tindakan operatif, dikerjakan dekompresi foramen magnum dan duroplasty. Anestesi dikerjakan dengan anestesi umum intravena, diberikan induksi dengan propofol dan fentanyl, pemeliharaan dengan propofol intravena dosis 100 mcg/kg/menit. Nyeri paska operasi pasien dikelola dengan epidural analgesia yang dipasang pada daerah setinggi vertebra cervical 3, dengan regimen bupivakain 0,1% dan morfin 0,5 mg dalam volume 5 ml.Ringkasan: Chiari malformation adalah kelainan anatomi cerebellum yang memiliki potensi berbahaya. Kompresi yang terjadi pada foramen magnum dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bulbar palsy dan menyebabkan apnea. Tindakan dekompresi dikerjakan untuk mencegah terjadinya kelumpuhan tersebut. Pasien dengan Chiari malformation seringkali disertai dengan syringomyelia dan hidrosefalus. Manajemen anestesi yang direncanakan sebaiknya tidak menimbulkan peningkatan tekanan intra kranial.
Keberhasilan Setelah Henti Jantung selama Torakotomi Emergensi disebabkan Luka Penetrasi Trauma Torak pada Kondisi Dengan Keterbatasan Fasilitas
Authors: Camary Mumya , Nasution Akhyar H , Arifin Hasanul
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Sebuah torakotomi darurat (kadang-kadang disebut sebagai torakotomi resusitasi) adalah torakotomi yang dilakukan untuk meresusitasi seseorang yang telah terluka parah setelah mengalami trauma berat pada rongga dada. Henti jantung dapat terjadi selama prosedur torakotomi yang memerlukan pijat jantung internal dan defibrilasi. Manajemen yang cepat dengan Kombinasi ramalan klinis, kemampuan untuk melihat perubahan tanda-tanda klinis, dan keberanian untuk melakukan prosedur bedah sederhana namun menyelamatkan nyawa dapat membawa perbedaan hasil bagi pasien luka dada bahkan di tempat dengan sumber daya terbatas.Kasus: Laki-laki, 31 tahun, berat badan perkiraan 70 kg dirawat di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik dengan keluhan luka tusuk di dada kiri. Pemrisaan ronsen dada menunjukkan hemothorax luas di sisi kiri. Dokter bedah membuka dada yang terkena luka tusuk dan terlihat kolaps paru dengan darah diperkirakan 2.500 ml dari hemitoraks kiri, ahli bedah memutuskan untuk melakukan sternotomy dan kemudian menemukan robekan pada arteri mamaria interna kiri dan diligasi, ditemukan robek ventrikel kanan tetapi tidak ada pendarahan dari luka. Serangan jantung terjadi dan ahli bedah mulai pijat jantung internal dan resusitasi cairan, 15 menit setelahnya EKG menunjukkan VF, defibrilasi internal pada 20 joule, EKG menunjukkan sinus takikardia 145/min, setelah mengontrol perdarahan, prosedur operasi selesai dan dilakukan pemasangan selang dada. Pasien dipindahkan ke ICU untuk observasi. Pasien stabil dan tidak ada komplikasi pada pasca operasi . Pasien dipulangkan pada harike 8 pasca operasi.Ringkasan: Keputusan untuk melakukan torakotomi darurat melibatkan evaluasi yang cermat di bidang  ilmiah, isu-isu etika, sosial dan ekonomi. Manajemen yang cepat dengan Kombinasi ramalan klinis, kemampuan untuk melihat perubahan tanda-tanda klinis, dan keberanian untuk melakukan prosedur bedah sederhana namun menyelamatkan nyawa dapat membawa perbedaan hasil bagi pasien luka dada bahkan di tempat dengan sumber daya terbatasTabungan Waktu adalah tabungan hidup.
Radically Recalcitrant Radio
Authors: Weiss Allen S.
Published: May 2020

What would it mean to consider the last works of Antonin Artaud, including his major radio piece, To Have Done With the Judgment of God—written after his return to language following years of aphasia during his incarceration in the psychiatric asylum of Rodez and upon his return to Paris just before his death—as poetry? Based upon a veritable rhetoric of repulsion and abjection, effecting an obsessive resistance to readability, Artaud utilized numerous tactics to reject the reader: unmentionable blasphemy, putrid scatology, unintelligible glossolalia, hideous violence, abhorrent politics, obscene curses, unfathomable contradictions, bewildering lists, inexorable negations, disorienting syntax, unsettling non sequiturs, undefinable neologisms, uncanny repetitions. Were these writings to be inserted into the French poetic canon, they would necessitate a radical reconsideration of poetry and poetics, indeed of the French language itself, based upon the nihilistic powers of performance and performativity.
Aspetti del parlato nell'oratoria sacra secentesca: tra retorica e pragmatica
Authors: Merida Raphael
Published: May 2020

Il saggio esamina alcuni trattati di retorica pubblicati tra la fine del Cinque e l'inizio del Seicento. Partendo dall'analisi di alcune retoriche cinquecentesche, passando dal confronto tra due dei maggiori esponenti teorici dell'oratoria sacra, Francesco Panigarola e Paolo Aresi, e arrivando ad alcuni trattatisti del primo Seicento, il contributo si concentrerà prevalentemente sulle informazioni retoriche relative alla pragmatica, ossia tutto ciò che nella predicazione riguarda l'uso della voce e dei gesti. L’actio infatti si configura come un'importante chiave di lettura per l'interpretazione della predica cinque e secentesca e permette di individuare come e quanto il parlato intervenga sullo scritto.
La Construcción Retórica de la Ciencia por el Joven Adam Smith: The Rhetoric Construction of Science by the Young Adam Smith
Authors: Lloret Jorge López
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo interpreta la obra de Adam Smith a partir de la retórica. Basándose en el análisis comparativo de los textos, afirma la dependencia de la Historia de la Astronomía con respecto a las Lecciones sobre retórica y, con ello, la naturaleza retórica del uso smithiano de la ciencia. Tras analizar las metáforas utilizadas por Smith, deja de lado la metáfora gravitacional y la de la mano invisible y se centra en las basadas en el teatro y en la analogía con la máquina. De esto concluye que Smith recurrió al potencial constructivo de la retórica para superar el escepticismo humeano, lo cual, a su vez, tiene consecuencias sobre nuestra comprensión de la historia de la retórica.
Genomic Variant Analyses in Pyrethroid Resistant and Susceptible Malaria Vector, Anopheles sinensis
Authors: Chang Xuelian , Zhong Daibin , Wang Xiaoming , Bonizzoni Mariangela , Li Yiji , Zhou Guofa , Cui Liwang , Wei Xing , Yan Guiyun
Published: May 2020

Anopheles sinensis is a major malaria vector in Southeast Asia. Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in this species has impeded malaria control in the region. Previous studies found that An. sinensis populations from Yunnan Province, China were highly resistant to deltamethrin and did not carry mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene that cause knockdown resistance. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that other genomic variants are associated with the resistance phenotype. Using paired-end whole genome sequencing (DNA-seq), we generated 108 Gb of DNA sequence from deltamethrin -resistant and -susceptible mosquito pools with an average coverage of 83.3× depth. Using a stringent filtering method, we identified a total of 916,926 single nucleotide variants (SNVs), including 32,240 non-synonymous mutations. A total of 958 SNVs differed significantly in allele frequency between deltamethrin -resistant and -susceptible mosquitoes. Of these, 43 SNVs were present within 37 genes that code for immunity, detoxification, cuticular, and odorant proteins. A subset of 12 SNVs were randomly selected for genotyping of individual mosquitoes by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and showed consistent allele frequencies with the pooled DNA-seq derived allele frequencies. In addition, copy number variations (CNVs) were detected in 56 genes, including 33 that contained amplification alleles and 23 that contained deletion alleles in resistant mosquitoes compared to susceptible mosquitoes. The genomic variants described here provide a useful resource for future studies on the genetic mechanism of insecticide resistance in this important malaria vector species.
Dilemas éticos en el escenario de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: González Arencibia Mario , Martínez Cardero Dagmaris
Published: May 2020

La importancia del tratamiento del tema asociado a los usos maliciosos de los resultados de la Inteligencia Artificial, está marcando el debate actual de los estudios que se realizan desde las instituciones académicas, por sus implicaciones negativas en el escenario social. En este sentido el propósito de esta investigación, consiste en repensar los dilemas éticos de los desarrollos tecnológicos en el marco de la sociedad digital. Con este propósito la pregunta de investigación es la siguiente: ¿Cómo eliminar los riesgos de un uso malicioso del desarrollo tecnológico en el ámbito de la Inteligencia Artificial?  El estudio permite, identificar los puntos críticos que están afectando la sociedad desde las aplicaciones tecnológicas, y promover el debate en torno, a sus soluciones. La conclusión central es que la epistemología para la solución de los dilemas éticos, está por encima de la naturaleza técnica de la Inteligencia Artificial, y exige repensar este fenómeno desde un enfoque multidisciplinario con énfasis en el componente social, observando la práctica de la construcción de los sistemas digitales y sus algoritmos desde un enfoque ético.
Empleo formal y libertad económica regional en México
Authors: Sánchez Juárez Isaac , García-Almada Rosa M.
Published: May 2020

¿La libertad económica se correlacionó positivamente con el empleo formal en México? La investigación que se presenta responde a esta pregunta. Se usaron datos del periodo 2003-2015 de las treinta y dos entidades federativas, así como de las regiones Frontera Norte y Sur, a partir de lo cual se crearon varios paneles estimados con los métodos de efectos fijos, aleatorios y generalizado de momentos (GMM). Usando GMM para las treinta y dos entidades se encontró que la libertad económica se correlacionó negativamente con el empleo, la elasticidad fue -0.04. Para la Frontera Norte se halló que la elasticidad del empleo con respecto a la libertad económica fue positiva (aunque estadísticamente no significativa), mientras que en la región Sur la elasticidad fue negativa (-2.20). Por lo que reducir el gasto del gobierno y los impuestos, así como flexibilizar el mercado de trabajo (mayor libertad económica) no son las mejores opciones de política para crear empleo formal.
La “transparencia” en la hagiografía de sor Sebastiana
Authors: Korbová Katarína
Published: May 2020

El trabajo presente trata el problema de la “transparencia” del lenguaje ascético-místico en la “vida” de sor Sebastiana de la SS. Trinidad, una importante religiosa novohispana, cuya vida fue marcada por los encuentros sobrenaturales con Dios. El discurso tiene que ver con la cuestión de la corporalidad del discurso barroco. El texto desentraña diferentes recursos estilísticos y temáticos, comparándolos con las imágenes de santa Teresa de Jesús. Se centra ante todo en los símbolos que tienen que ver con el campo semántico de la luz.

Palabras clave: Mística hagiografía símbolos visiones
A new Stelis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from the Western Andes of Colombia
Authors: Reina-Rodríguez Guillermo A. , Karremans Adam P. , López-Machado Francisco , Cruz-Salcedo Jimena
Published: May 2020

Stelis excentrica, a new species endemic to the Cauca slope of the western Andes, municipality of Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, is described and illustrated. It was found in the northern part of the Farallones de Cali National Park, in the vicinity of the protected area “El Danubio” administered by the Cali mayoralty. Stelis excentrica is similar to Stelis gigantissima from Ecuador but differs in the ocher-green flowers (vs. dark purple), the reniform petals (vs. flabellate petals), subquadrate lip with a minute apicule (vs. subcuneate without apicule). Reaching up to 30.6 mm from the apex of the dorsal sepal to the apex of the lateral sepal, Stelis excentrica probably has the largest flowers reported in any member of Stelis subgen. Stelis. Its 60 cm long inflorescence is only rivaled by that of Stelis gigantissima. Ecological notes, in situ photographs, typus illustration, maps, and a composite plate are provided.

Key Words: biggest flower, Farallones de Cali, Stelis gigantissima, taxonomy
Effect of different tank colours on some productive parameters of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) fingerlings
Authors: Krasteva V. , Zaikov A. , Yankova M.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The present study investigated the growth performance, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, growth and survival rate of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) fingerlings reared for one month in tanks with different colours. Four colours were used: light blue, white, green and black. The experimental unit was a flow-through system (0.8 L.min-1) consisting of eight tanks with water volume of 30L, continuous air supply and water heaters. Two hundred fish with an average weight of 1.85±0.62g were stocked in each tank. Results from the study demonstrated that the weight gain and the feed conversion ratio were poorly affected by the tested tank colours. Weight gain is slightly higher in groups A (blue) and B (white) than in groups C (green) and D (black). However, no significant difference was found in terms of weight gain among the experimental groups (p>0.05). Survival rate was the highest in group C (91%) followed by group D (88.5%). Thus, for rearing of European catfish fingerlings it is preferable to use dark coloured tanks, which resemble the natural habitat of the fish.
Еconomic efficiency of local, merino and meat-type sheep breeds raised in Bulgaria without milking
Authors: Stankov K.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The goal of the present study is to perform an economic assessment of the local (autochthonic), merino and meat-type sheep breeds raised in Bulgaria without milking and under the conditions of a market economy and free commerce. We studied sheep from three herds, of the Srednostaroplaninska breed, Northeast Bulgarian Merino breed (NEBM) and the Île-de-France breed. The sheep from all three herds were under selection control. The results of the study indicated low economic effects for all three herds. Without subsidies, the local and merino breeds finished with negative values for profits and cost-efficiency of the income and expenses, and zero for the meat-types. The subsidy for the sheep of the Srednostaroplaninska breed made up 37.9% of the income, whereas the sold lambs and sheep culled for meat made up 60.7%. This indicated that the local mountain sheep cannot provide the necessary income for a farm’s normal function without milking and without subsidies, under the present market situation. The efforts in this field should be directed towards organic production of meat and dairy products and a closed production cycle. The income from sold lambs and sheep culled for meat from the NEBM breed made up 66.8% of the total income, whereas wool accounted for merely 4.6%. The subsidy provided 28.5% of the farm’s funds. Accomplishing an economic effect in merino breeds is possible only if prices for buying off wool were normalized, and the fertility of the ewes was increased. For the meat-type sheep of the Île-de-France breed, the income from selling meat and breeder lambs, as well as sold culled sheep made up 75.6%, and the subsidy – 22.7%. A higher economic effect for this breed could be achieved through selection towards fertility and more frequent births, i.e. 3 litters in 2 years. A significant productive and economic effect in the meat-type breeds could be achieved from ram breeding and conducting industrial crossbreeding in the stock part of the breeds.
Phytoplankton blooms in front of cape Galata (Black Sea) during the period 2008-2017
Authors: Klisarova D. , Gerdzhikov D.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The aim of the study was to identify the peculiarities of the development of phytoplankton blooms (annual and seasonal dynamics) in front of cape Galata, Bulgarian Black Sea coast in the period 2008-2017. In that area up to 30 nautical miles (nm), from 6 stations (G-1, G-3, G-5, G-10, G-20 and G-30, respectively at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 nm from the coast), 187 phytoplankton samples were collected. A total of six phytoplankton species were recorded, developing with the following blooming concentrations: Emiliania huxleyi, Oscillatoria sp., Merismopedia sp., small Flagellates (Cryptophyceae), Prorocentrum cordatum (minimum) and Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima. It was found that the reported in previous periods trend of increasing phytoplankton biomass in front of cape Galata had already changed. Compared to the observed quantities in the period 1993-2007, the current phytoplankton values in the surface layer (up to 30 nm in front of cape Galata) were 1.63 times lower in abundance and 5.60 times lower in biomass.
The effect of laundry grey water irrigation on the growth response of selected local bean species in Nigeria
Authors: Ikhajiagbe B. , Ohanmu E.O. , Ekhator P.O. , Victor P.A.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This study examined the growth responses of some selected local bean (pulses) varieties in Nigeria; Vigna unguiculata (Ife brown), Vigna unguiculata (Ekpoma Local), Phaseolus vulgaris, Cajanus cajan and Glycine max, cultivated on soil irrigated with laundry-based grey water. Healthy seeds of all bean species were sown in plastic bowls of three replicates each and irrigated daily with similar quantities of the respective grey water. The effect of the grey water on the germination, growth and yield of all the beans was observed for a period of four months. The result obtained revealed that grey water had a negative effect on the growth and yield of all the beans as there was a decrease in the percentage emergence of all seedlings, height of emergent seedlings and number of flowers and pods produced. Grey water also altered the chlorophyll content and total crude protein of all the beans subjected to the treatment. The effect of grey water on plant is as a result of accumulation of excess salts contained in grey water on the soil.
Annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of the Santander highland, Colombia
Authors: Pérez-Rojas Diego A. , Escamilla-Quitián Diego , Estupiñan-Tibaduiza María Fernanda , Carvajal‑Cogollo Juan E.
Published: May 2020

We characterize the amphibian and reptile fauna from four habitats of the Andean region of the department of Santan­der, Colombia. Eight species were recorded, including four amphibians and four reptiles. The family Hylidae was represented by two species and had the greatest abundance of individuals at 241. Among reptiles, the family with the greatest diversity was the Colubridae, with two species, but the Dactyloidae had the greatest abundance, with seven individuals. The grassland habitat exhibited the greatest diversity, with five species found, and it was the habitat with the greatest abundance of individuals, with 242 individuals obtained. The habitat with the least diversity and abundance was cropland, which had no species recorded. 
El nuevo proceso de canonización de la edad moderna
Authors: Sodano Giulio
Published: May 2020

La canonización en la edad moderna se transforma en una operación jurídica compleja y burocratizada, en la cual el factor tiempo asume un papel determinante para no tomar decisiones apresuradas. Una causa de beatificación y de canonización comprendía varios procesos y se dividía en dos fases: la primera se desarrollaba en los tribunales locales, en la localidad en que la fama de santidad había surgido y desde la que se había difundido, mientras que la segunda era competencia del pontífice y tenía lugar en la Sagrada Congregación de Ritos. Las novedades «modernas» de procedimiento que influyeron fuertemente en los contenidos de los procesos son dos: la acuñación de la fórmula de las virtudes heroicas y los decretos de Urbano VIII con el nacimiento del proceso sobre el no culto. Estos permitieron poner en marcha un mecanismo para seleccionar los modelos de santidad más adecuados a las necesidades de la Iglesia.
Los procesos para la canonización de san Francisco Javier
Authors: Fortún-Pérez-de-Ciriza Luis-Javier
Published: May 2020

El artículo analiza el complicado itinerario que siguieron los diversos procesos de canonización de la causa de san Francisco Javier hasta la plasmación en su canonización de 1622. Estos procesos, que se desarrollaron en dos etapas, destacan por la gran variedad de escenarios geográficos donde tuvieron lugar y por la cantidad de testigos que intervinieron. Los cinco primeros procesos (1556-1557) fueron realizados por orden del rey Juan III de Portugal. El segundo grupo está formado por nueve procesos pontificios (llamados «renisoriales»), celebrados entre 1610 y 1617 en el marco de la causa de canonización llevada a cabo por la Congregación de los Ritos por orden del papa Paulo V.
"Extra Archam": santa Eulalia en Oviedo. Viajes de reliquias, "thesaurum" y legitimación del poder
Authors: Solano-Fernández-Sordo Álvaro
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo pretende analizar el papel jugado por las reliquias de santa Eulalia de Mérida en la construcción ideológica de la realeza por los monarcas asturianos, quienes llevarían estos restos a su capital ovetense. Dado lo tardío de los testimonios que aseguran esto, se rastrean los indicios devocionales que pudiesen aclarar la cronología para ello y el mensaje legitimador del poder que se pretendería, basado en previas actuaciones con las propias reliquias eulalienses. Asimismo, se expone la importancia de éstas dentro del relicario ovetense y sus transformaciones a lo largo de los siglos.
Política y mecenazgo anticuario en la Roma del Renacimiento: el caso de Bernardino López de Carvajal
Authors: Martín-Esperanza Paloma
Published: May 2020

El cardenal Carvajal reunió en su residencia de Roma una colección arqueológica como signo del prestigio y poder que había alcanzado en su faceta político- eclesiástica, pero también en su perfil de humanista y mecenas. A través de dos fuentes anticuarias de la época, la llamada Nota d’anticaglie (1499-1501) y los códices de Pietro Sabino (c. 1490-1495), se propone una reconstrucción de la colección arqueológica de Carvajal, incluyendo la identificación de las inscripciones mediante el número de CIL, y se plantean algunas hipótesis sobre su posible participación en las excavaciones de Villa Adriana. Igualmente, se aborda la discusión en torno a la presencia en las fuentes anticuarias de un sarcófago romano perteneciente a un orator Hispaniarum, lo que confirma no solo la tendencia entre las elites hacia el incipiente coleccionismo, sino también la importancia de las antigüedades como medio de autorrepresentación para los cardenales y embajadores españoles afincados en Roma.
Un servidor de la renovación litúrgica en España: Manuel Garrido Bonaño (1925-2013)
Authors: Berlanga Alfonso
Published: May 2020

La vida y la obra de Manuel Garrido Bonaño, OSB (1925-2013) constituyen una fuente importante para comprender el devenir de la liturgia en el siglo XX. La formación litúrgica que recibió, así como su participación en el Concilio Vaticano ii y en la reforma litúrgica, le hacen un testigo privilegiado. La presentación de su vida permite conocer de primera mano otros detalles sobre las vicisitudes y anhelos del Movimiento litúrgico en España.
Interactions between Immunosuppressive Therapy and Direct-Acting Antivirals in Kidney Transplant Recipient with Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Carta Paolo , Curci Federica , Caroti Leonardo , Aida Larti , Di Maria Lorenzo , Cirami Lino
Published: May 2020

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes increased mortality and morbidity in kidney transplant patients. Interferon-based therapies are poorly tolerated and involve the risk of rejection. The new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) have revolutionized the treatment of HCV infection in transplant patients. This observational study evaluates changes in immunosuppressive therapy during treatment with DAA in renal transplant recipients.In our transplant center, we selected seven HCV-positive patients at the time of transplantation , four men and three women, with an average age of 61 ± 7 years, in therapy with DAA. The dose and the blood levels of the immunosuppressive drugs were evaluated at the beginning and end of antiviral therapy, together with creatinine and proteinuria.Viremia was negativized in all patients within the initial 8 weeks of therapy. Currently, the number of patients is too limited to perform a sta-tistical analysis and obtain significant results. In one patient, the dose of Cyclosporine was lowered to 10 mg, while for the remaining patients it was not necessary to change the dose of immunosuppressive drugs.DAAs give encouraging results in the eradication of HCV in renal transplant recipients, although they are associated with potential adverse drug interactions. The preliminary data of our study suggest that it is not necessary to change the dose of immunosuppressive drugs during therapy and that creatinine and proteinuria remain stationary. We will achieve more significant results in the future, adding more patients to our study. However, further randomized trials are necessary to confirm the safety of DAAs.
(In)homogeneous invariant compact convex sets of probability measures
Authors: Mazurenko Natalia , Zarichnyi Mykhailo
Published: May 2020

It is proved that for any iterated function system of contractions on a complete metric space there exists an invariant compact convex sets of probability measures of compact support on this space. A similar result is proved for the inhomogeneous  compact convex sets of probability measures of compact support.
Основні теореми теорії 2F-планарних відображень псевдоріманових просторів з f-структурою
Authors: Курбатова Ірина , Коновенко Надія
Published: May 2020

В статті вивчаються базові питання теорії 2F-планарних відображень многовидів, які наділені афінорною структурою певного типу. Раніше ми довели, що псевдорімановий простір з абсолютно паралельною f-структурою є добутком двох псевдоріманових просторів, один з яких - келеровий, а клас псевдоріманових просторів з абсолютно паралельною f-структурою є замкнутим відносно розглянутих відображень.
Крім того, за умовою коваріантної сталості афінора f-cтруктури у відображуваних просторах нетривіальні 2F-планарні відображення можуть бути трьох типів: повні і канонічні I, II типів, і в залежності від типу 2F-планарне відображення індукує на компонентах добутку відображуваних просторів геодезичне, голоморфо-проективне або афінне відображення.
Нами були побудовані геометричні об'єкти, інваріантні відносно розглянутих відображень всіх типів, виділено класи просторів, які допускають 2F-планарне відображення на плоский простір, а також знайдено їх метрики в спеціальній системі координат.
Далі виникає закономірне питання про те, чи існують інші класи просторів, які допускають 2F-планарні відображення, і як їх знайти. У цій статті, використовуючи методи, розроблені в теорії геодезичних відображень, ми зводимо основні рівняння 2F-планарних відображень основного типу до виду, який допускає ефективне дослідження - це так звана нова форма основних рівнянь. Використовуючи цю нову форму, ми, зокрема, показали, що псевдорімановий простір з абсолютно паралельною f-структурою, в якому існує конциркулярне або квазіконциркулярне векторне поле, допускає нетривіальне 2F-планарне відображення основного типу. Доведені теореми дають регулярний метод, що дозволяє для будь-якого псевдоріманового простору з абсолютно паралельною f-структурою (Vn, gij , Fhi)  або знайти всі простори $(\overline{V}_n, \overline{g}_{ij}, \overline{F}^h_i )$, на які Vn  допускає 2F-планарне відображення основного типу, або довести, що таких просторів немає.