bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet Indices be a New Biomarker for Periodontal Disease
Authors: Mutthineni Ramesh Babu , Ramishetty Arpita , Gojja Prathibha , Muralidaran Gayathri , Burle V. V. Alekya
Published: September 2021

Background:

Platelets play an important role in inflammation and hemostasis. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is linked to an increase in platelet activation leading to increased risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

Aim:

The aim was to evaluate whether platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], and plateletcrit [PCT]) can be a biomarker for determining the severity of periodontal disease and to assess the relation between platelet indices in patients with periodontitis and healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 3 groups – moderate periodontitis, severe periodontitis, and systemically healthy controls without periodontitis. Clinical parameters recorded were clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth and venous blood samples were drawn for the analysis of MPV, PDW, and PCT.

Results:

ANOVA test with post hoc Tukey's test was used to compare among 3 groups. Statistical analysis of platelet indices was done using sample t-test. The mean values of MPV, PDW, and PCT gradually increased from normal to severe periodontitis.

Conclusion:

Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory process, causes not only increase in the quantity of platelets but also causes platelet activation which leads to change in platelet size, platelet shape, and platelet aggregation. As periodontitis causing platelet activation which seems to be a contributing factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of Radiation Exposure in Open Dental Clinics Using Thermoluminescence Dosimeters and Questionnaires
Authors: Basheer Bahija T. , Allahim Renad I. , Alarfaj Samar S. , Alkharashi Tala A. , Fallatah Amal A. , Alqahtani Amerah S. , Aljarallah Shuruq S.
Published: September 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate radiation exposure in dental open clinics in King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) using thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) to check if it exceeds the annual assigned exposure limit and to assess students' practices regarding radiation protection measures and their knowledge regarding the application of digital remote-control settings and TLDs.

Materials and Methods:

This pilot institutional-based observational study was conducted among the clinical year students and interns at KSAU-HS College of Dentistry open clinical areas using TLDs and questionnaires. Sixteen lithium fluoride TLDs (TLD-100) were distributed evenly in the clinical areas occupied by clinical year dental students and interns for 24 working days from September 15 to October 20, 2019. Each TLD was labeled with a serial number and fixed at the assigned clinic of each specialty. The TLDs were placed in a zigzag manner at the right corner of the selected clinic to prevent overlapping of the area coverage by each dosimeter.

Results:

The mean monthly TLD readings were found to be 69.265 uSv with a higher mean value in the female clinical area (74.2975 uSv) than the male clinical area (64.234 uSv). Taking into account the 8 months of clinical exposure during the academic year, the expected annual radiation exposure would be 0.554 mSv which is significantly lower than the annual limit of radiation exposure recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, i.e., 1 mSv.

Conclusion:

TLD readings concluded that radiation exposure was within safe limits with an estimation of 0.544 mSv per year. However, students require further education regarding protective and safety measures and the utilization of radiation equipment.

Clinical Significance:

The lack of studies regarding the amount of radiation exposure from dental imaging and the safety of intraoral radiographic machines present in open clinics in any educational institute necessitates conducting this kind of study.
A Novel Technique to Guide the Mandible to Centric Relation
Authors: Sushma R. , Joshi Anand G , Sanyal Pronob Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background:

A new and innovative technique to guide the mandible to centric relation.

Aim:

To design an innovative technique to guide the mandible into centric relation.

Objective:

To achieve the centric relation in an easy way.

Materials and Methods:

With some modification on the denture base the tongue is assisted to the posterior part of the palate thus guiding the mandible to centric relation.

Results:

This technique guides the mandible to centric relation.

Conclusion:

The Mandible is guided to the centric relation by this technique.
Ruelle–Pollicott resonances for manifolds with hyperbolic cusps
Authors: Bonthonneau Yannick , Weich Tobias
Published: September 2021

We present a method to construct a Ruelle–Pollicott spectrum for the geodesic flow on manifolds with strictly negative curvature and a finite number of hyperbolic cusps.
Semiclassical scarring on tori in KAM Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Gomes Seán , Hassell Andrew
Published: September 2021

We show that for almost all perturbations in a one-parameter family of KAM Hamiltonians on a smooth compact surface and for almost all KAM Lagrangian tori

\Lambda_\omega

, we can find a semiclassical measure with positive mass on

\Lambda_\omega

.
Euro VII and Beyond with Hydrogen Combustion for Commercial Vehicle Applications: From Concept to Series Development
Authors: Rezaei Reza , Kovacs David , Hayduk Christopher , Mennig Marian , Delebinski Thaddaeus
Published: September 2021

One challenge for the development of commercial vehicles is the reduction of CO2 greenhouse, where hydrogen can help to reduce the fleet CO2. For instance, in Europe a drop in fleet consumption of 15% and 30% is set as target by the regulation until 2025 and 2030. Another challenge is EURO VII in EU or even already approved CARB HD Low NOx Regulation in USA, not only for Diesel but also for hydrogen combustion engines.

In this study, first the requirements for the combustion and after-treatment system of a hydrogen engine are defined based on future emission regulations. The major advantages regarded to hydrogen combustion are due to the wide range of flammability and very high flame speed numbers compared to other fossil based fuels. Thus, it can be well used for lean burn combustion with much better fuel efficiency and very low NOx emissions with an ultra lean combustion.

A comprehensive experimental investigation is performed on a HD 2 L single-cylinder engine. The hydrogen combustion characteristics are studied with variation of multiple operating parameters like EGR, air-fuel ratio, etc. A predictive hydrogen combustion and NOx model is then developed and validated using the test results.

As baseline for the numerical investigations of engine transient behavior in the cold cycle, an in-line six cylinder 12L HD diesel engine is developed. Cold WHTC and FTP cycles are simulated and the combustion, exhaust gas temperature and emission behavior are evaluated.

The effects of lean-burning combustion and exhaust after-treatment for engine NOx reduction as well as thermal management in transient cycles on exhaust after-treatment (EAT) system to fulfil future regulations are discussed. Multiple EAT architectures are investigated and the trade-off between fuel consumption and the end-of-pipe NOx is assessed. Challenges and potentials of hydrogen combustion for heavy-duty applications considering future regulations are addressed. Variation of engine operating parameters and the potentials of engine calibration for series development is demonstrated using predictive engine and EAT models.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF MICROENTERPRISES AND THEIR IMPACT IN RURAL GUATEMALA
Authors:   EXPERTO INTERNACIONAL EN DESARROLLO RURAL, Gennrich Nicolas
Published: September 2021

Cada vez hay mayor consenso respecto a que el ingreso no agropecuario representa una fuente importante para el sostenimiento del hogar en zonas rurales, pues los recursos provenientes de la producción agrícola son insuficientes. Cabe preguntarse en qué medida las microempresas (ME) ayudan a combatir la pobreza y qué factores motivan a los hogares a formar una ME. La presente investigación se realizó en El Quiché, Guatemala, provincia muy afectada por la pobreza extrema, la desnutrición y la desintegración, a causa de la guerra civil que duró 36 años. Se encuentra que la ME es el factor más significativo en los ingresos del hogar, pero, a diferencia de lo esperado, su efecto sobre la vivienda y nutrición es limitado. En cuanto a los factores significativos en la decisión de formar una ME, destacan: capital humano, capital social, tipos de cultivo y acceso al mercado. El trabajo explora también el efecto de las actividades colectivas, como la comercialización, en el desarrollo de la ME, ya que la implementación de ferias y tiendas comunales contribuye considerablemente a la reducción de los costos de transacción y a la ampliación del mercado.
La definición de "resonsabilidad social empresaria" como tarea filosófica
Authors:   PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA ARGENTINA SANTA MARÍA DE LOS BUENOS AIRES, Preziosa María Marta
Published: September 2021

This study is a metaphysical essay defining Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), through a series of Business Ethics texts covering the subject. The selected texts are written by Argentinean and Spanish authors rooted in the Social Teaching of the Church. The objective is to search the foundation of CSR as a moral obligation. The study begins with a logical approach, followed by a metaphysical one before engaging in ethical aspects. The meaning of «responsibility» and «CSR» concepts are defined. Regarding the concept’s metaphysical approach, the study is framed under Aristotelian categories of relationship and quality. From an ethical point of view, CSR is understood as a component of justice as virtue, and what specifically characterizes it is the acknowledgement of one’s own concurrence in the growth and development of the company’s relationship with its stakeholders. The question is posed whether the company, as such, acts in a moral manner –parallel to personal moral agency—. A delimitation of CSR actions is proposed.
Las empresas ante su desafío histórico: de la acumulación egoísta a la responsabilidad social
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Dejo Federico
Published: September 2021

When the first productive organizations of the pre-industrial era appeared, man noticed that the development of these organizations had a negative impact, especially in terms of labor exploitation. However, man also foresaw the positive impacts: wealth and diversity of goods and products. This led later on, to the discussion of which role the companies must play in the development of society. Socialist movements and subsequent revolutions tried to eradicate labor exploitation within the corporate world. But socialism’s failure to eliminate social injustice only strengthened the capitalist model. The manner in which most companies perform their activities, based solely on profit, threatens to eradicate not only wage earners, but the planet itself. As a response to this, the concept of Socially Responsible Companies (SRC), emerging with great strength in the past decade, constitutes a rational and viable alternative in order to achieve a sustainable, desirable and necessary type of development.
Willoq: un caso de turismo vivencial
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Abarca Alfredo
Published: September 2021

The Willoq community and Peruvian Odyssey have joined efforts in order to bring the everyday life of the high Andean communities in the area of Ollantaytambo closer to tourists. This is known as «existential tourism», and has as a basic premise the preservation of the Andean Man’s customs and traditions. Perhaps the magic and charm experienced by those who visit the Willoq community resides in the vast and diverse landscape in front of them, as well as in the various cultural manifestations that are so different to theirs in terms of: organization, economy, religion, and a sustainable interaction through time with the environment. But we can also see the crude reality and difficulties of the Willoq community, as well as the illusion and hope with which they view an ever more globalized world.
Impacto de las remesas de los peruanos residentes en Japón
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD PARTICULAR RICARDO PALMA, Vela Borda Joel
Published: September 2021

This study analyzes the significance of remittances from Peruvian residents in Japan to Peru to their families and the Peruvian economy at large, as well as the extent to which such financial assistance is contributing to the livelihood of numerous individuals and to improving their quality of living. More generally, it addresses the financial impacts of these remittances, the costs involved and how they have evolved over time. The study starts by briefly presenting present Japanese economy because although Japan has not experienced noteworthy economic growth in recent years, it is still a world economic powerhouse. It then explains how after more than a century of Japanese migration to Peru, Peruvians of Japanese descent have started to return to the Land of the Rising Sun in search of better fortune.
Un acercamiento al concepto de cultura
Authors:   Universidad Eafi t, Colombia, Podestá C. Paola
Published: September 2021

The following article, derived from a research conducted in an organization that belongs to the airline industry, intends to approach the concept of Culture from two theoretical viewpoints, and propose a possibility of analysis from the relation between relevant concepts of such perspectives. These aforementioned relations are also proposed as a reference to study cultural change in organizations. The central question impacts the concept of organizational culture and enhances a refl ection: Is cultural transformation possible in an organization?
Las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) y su impacto en el sistema de compras y contrataciones públicas: el caso de la región de los lagos en Chile
Authors:   Universidad de Los Lagos, Chile, Ganga Contreras Francisco , Águila Sánchez Marcela ,   Universidad de Los Lagos, Chile
Published: September 2021

This article underscores the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on organizations in the new information or knowledge society. In this effort, it addresses the main theoretical foundations of ICTs and highlights the leading role placed by the Chilean government in e-trade by creating an on-line government procurement system (ChileCompra). Additionally, it presents the results of a survey to suppliers in the Los Lagos region on their perception of this new system, in operation since 2003. Specifi cally, it aims at fi nding out what is the present status and impact of ICTs in the Los Lagos region, what are the main inconveniences suppliers fi nd in this region to operate the new system and how satisfi ed they are with these services.
Pulpochoque: un caso de responsabilidad empresarial
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Solano David
Published: September 2021

As in many other localities within Peru, Pulpochoque received investments that did not generate population development, as said investment were economic-oriented and did not take into account the needs of people. The gap between the interests of both actors (the company vs. the people), deepened by personal feelings, created an attitude of rejection towards Chochomin mining company (Chinese capitals) and its staff. Julio Concha, the company’s new head of community relations, has to face this hard situation and restart activities that were paralyzed by the population. This case is based on real facts and shows that personal attitudes and approach can often be keys to open or chains to close the doors of social consensus activities.
El legado de schumpeter al estudio de la administración de empresas
Authors:   Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas Madrid, España, Berumen Sergio A.
Published: September 2021

In this article it is stated that the most demonstrated statements of the neoschumpeterian theory might be extremely useful for the analysis of business administration. Schumpeterian theory focuses in the use of analogies or biology concepts to analyze the behavior of institutions and social systems. For this focus, the signals that companies receive from the economical system are of three types: a) the technological opportunities and the benefi ts expected, which are closely related to them, b) the current behavior and the expected one from the demand from its products and other products and c) the changes in costs, prices, quantities, and rentabilities in the markets in which they operate, and in some others.
Ambiente y TLC: el pacto de gobernabilidad
Authors:   Consultora y negociadora internacional, Rosell Mónica
Published: September 2021

This paper aims at providing, from a sustainable development perspective, an idea about the direction our country will take once the US-Peru FTA is enforced, regarding particularly the environmental, trade and investment areas. The signing of the FTA has led Peru to leave behind a view of the environment vision as a moral and ethical (some times marginal) component of economic relations, to turn it into a regulatory and mandatory consideration overlapping trade and investment to such an extent that failure to comply may lead to sanctions as severe as those pertaining to other matters related to for instance access to or permanence in a given market. Even so, it is worthwhile mentioning that the FTA is only an initial component of a more complex and broad multilateral scenario that recognizes in the environment an essential element of international economic relations.
Pengaruh PDRB, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka dan UMR Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Kabupaten dan Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Sania Lintang , Balafif Mohammad , Imamah Nurul
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah Pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Dan Upah Minimum Regional Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Kabupaten Dan Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2014-2019. Pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder diambil melalui website BPS Jawa Timur, yaitu data PDRB, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Tahun 2014-2019, sedangkan data UMR diambil melalui Surat Keputusan Gubernur Jawa Timur Tahun 2014-2019. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel yang merupakan gabungan antara data time series dan cross section yang dianalisis dengan Model Fixed Effect (FEM) dengan penimbang Feasible Generalized Least Square-Seemingly Unrelated Regression (FGLS-SUR) yang diolah dengan aplikasi EViews 9.0 diperoleh persamaan regresi IPM = -27.22579 + 3.380970*LNPDRBit + (-0.035903)*TPTit + 4.433382*LNUMRit . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen produk domestik regional bruto dan upah minimum regional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Provinsi Jawa Timur.Sedangkan untuk variabel tingkat pengangguran terbuka berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia.
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ BURNOUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: KÜÇÜKSÜLEYMANOĞLU Rüyam
Published: September 2021

International student mobility has been expanding in the past twenty years. Creating economic value and strategic colloborations, developing a common understanding in a socio-cultural context, and generating scientific knowledge at a universal level through projects and research in higher education are the main reasons that play a role in the increase of internationalization efforts. International students who prefer to study outside of their country face many academic, socio-cultural, psychological and economic problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the burnout levels of international students. A descriptive approach incorporating quantitative (MBI-SS) and qualitative methods (semi structured interviews) were adopted in the present study to collect data. A total of 1284 international students were selected fort the quantative and 20 studets for the qualitative part of the study. The results of the study revealed the fact that international students has high burnout levels due to academic demands, cultural differences, financial problems, language and homesickness.
KILIM WEAVING SAMPLES REGISTERED TO THE NIGDE MUSEUM
Authors: KILIÇ KARATAY Semra
Published: September 2021

Weaving is an example of art produced at the end of human need. The samples produced because they were needed first turned into art. It is not known exactly whether the art of weaving started as a carpet or as examples of plain weaving, rug weaving. Throughout history, carpet and rug weaving has developed in connection with each other. Rug weaving samples, which have an important place in Turkish culture, are accepted as source information about the period they were woven and the geography they were woven. Looking at kilim weaving examples, patterns are given with threads of different colors and different weaving techniques are used. Unlike carpet weaving, there is no pile height in weaving. The motifs used in the patterns are generally traditional motifs. Geometric motifs are used more frequently. In rug weaving, unlike carpet weaving, the threads are mostly twisted. Rug weaving samples found in the inventory records in the Niğde museum show that the rug weaving tradition is as old as carpet weaving in Niğde and its surroundings. The aim of this study is to share the information obtained as a written source on the general condition, pattern and color composition properties of the weaving samples in the exhibition hall and warehouse in the museum.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THESES ON “CALL CENTER” IN TURKEY BASED ON CALL CENTER COMPONENTS: 2003-2020
Authors: AYGEN ZETTER Selin , BİLİŞLİ Yasemin
Published: September 2021

In this study, it is aimed to systematically examine the theses on the call center. On the subject the thesis archive of the Council of Higher Education was searched using the keyword "Call Center". As a result of the search, 224 studies were reached, however, a total of 206 studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. It was determined that 120 of the scanned articles were written by the Social Sciences Institute, 28 were written by Marmara University, and 180 were postgraduate theses. When the subjects of the examined studies were classi-fied in terms of call center components, it was observed that 114 postgraduate theses were related to the human factor. In addition, it was found that strategy, process and technology-related subjects were among the research topics in the call center components. As a result, other disciplines as well as social sciences should show interest equally in the subject of call center, which should be addressed by many disciplines, in terms of contributing to the development of call centers. It is thought that it is possible to improve the system by focusing on the studies that examine the "strategy" and "technology" factor, as well as the employee and customer-oriented studies investigating the "human" factor from the call center components.
BOOSTERS AS INTERACTIONAL METADISCOURSE MARKERS: A CORPUSDRIVEN COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: ŞANVERDİ Mehmet
Published: September 2021

This paper examined and compared two corpora in terms of boosters, a category of interactional metadiscourse markers. Boosters strengtens the writers' existence, position, argument, claims, and commitment into the texts. One hundred articles are composed of the corpora; 50 from non-native researchers’ papers (Turkish writers), and 50 from native researchers’ papers. Two corpora were compared under 4 types of boosters: modals (type 1), adjectives and adverbs (type 2), verbs: introductory verbs and cognitve verbs (type 3), and Solidarity features/clusters (type 4). In the upshot of this research, it is seen that non-native writers overuse modal auxilarities and verbs as boosters, but underused adjectives-adverbs and Solidarity features/clusters. The two groups have similar ratios, slightly in favour of non-native writers. Besides, two group writers seem to avoid overusing boosters in their texts most probably as the literature suggests that writers intentionally avoid overusing boosters to reduce the risk of readers’ opposition and not to have personal responsibility for their arguments.
FROM THE BARCELONA PROCESS TO THE ARAB DEPRESSION: THE EUROPEAN UNION'S CONCERNS AND HESITATIONS IN MEDITERRANEAN POLICY
Authors: UĞURKAN Ersin
Published: September 2021

The Barcelona Process has been reorganized by undergoing some changes especially after the September 11 events in the USA. By conducting its relations with the countries in the region through authoritarian regimes of secular origin, security, terrorism and immigration have come to the fore in relations. The aim of the study is to show these relationships and their causes and results. The scope of the research has been mainly analyzed for the period called "Arab Spring" from the Barcelona Process, which is the turning point. The failure of this process to a great extent, on the contrary, the instability of the region and its transformation into depression and its effects on the EU have been the main theme of the study. The reasons for the policies of the EU on its anxious and hesitant approach in regional relations from this period until today have been emphasized.Terrorism, immigration and energy, which are seen as originating from the region, have been the most determinant in the EU's policies, only the order of these elements has changed from time to time. By determining its relations with the region on these points, it has made the countries of the region implement its own priorities as policy makers to a large extent. It has produced policies that conflict with EU values, especially on migration. Moreover, in these policies of the EU, although the member states in the Union followed very fragmented policies at the beginning of the process, these elements have become the common policy of the Union over time.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Sumber Daya Manusia, Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Aparatur Sipil Negara
Authors: Putri Dina Gumay , Antoni Darius
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of compensation for human resources, work motivation, work environment on the work performance of the apparatus at the Department of Culture and Tourism of the Government of South Sumatra Province. In this study, the population was employees of the Department of Culture and Tourism of the Government of South Sumatra Province. In this study, the sampling technique used was a saturated sample. The number of samples is 45 people. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results of the first hypothesis (H1) indicate that HR compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Employees have received HR compensation in accordance with the results of their performance so that employees will work responsibly and in accordance with established operational standards. The results of the second hypothesis (H2) indicate that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Employees' work motivation will improve employee performance to achieve company goals. The results of the third hypothesis (H3) indicate that the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. A working environment condition is said to be good if employees can carry out activities optimally, healthy, safe, and comfortable. Therefore, the determination and creation of a good work environment will greatly determine the success of achieving organizational goals. Simultaneous testing of HR compensation (X1), Work Motivation (X2), Work Environment (X3) on Employee Performance (Y) Ha is accepted, meaning that it shows that there is a positive and significant influence on HR Compensation, Motivation and Work Environment together ( Simultaneous) on the Performance variable at the Culture and Tourism Office of South Sumatra Province.
EVALUATION OF TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE (TAP) BLOCK WITH
INJ.BUPIVACAINE 0.25% FOR POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN INGUINAL HERNIA
REPAIR SURGERY
Authors: Nandanwankar Niteen , MF Abdullah
Published: September 2021

Background: TransversusAbdominis Plane(TAP)Block is a regional analgesictechnique. It
provides postoperative analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. The purpose of our study was to
evaluate effectiveness of TAP block to provide effective postoperative analgesia in patients
undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery.
Method: Total 60 patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery were randomized toundergo TAP
block with bupivacaine (n = 30) versus normal saline (n = 30)control group. All patients received a
standard spinal anaesthesia with standardmonitoring. A TAP block was performed using 20 ml
0.25% bupivacaine on the side ofsurgery or 20 ml saline at the end of surgery. Each patient was
followed uppostoperatively at 0, 30 min, 60 min, 2 hr, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours in PACU.
Rescue analgesics inj. Diclofenacwere offered to any patient whocomplained of pain (VAS Score
≥4). Time of rescueanalgesia, total analgesic consumption and any other complications
wereassessed.
Result : There was a significantly longer time to the first request for rescue analgesic in
bupivacaine group. (507.77 ± 10.38 min) compared to NS group.(110.87±14.2min) Total
diclofenacconsumptionwas significantly higher in Group S than Group B (82.75 ± 23.2 mg
vs193.97 ± 37.6 mg).
Conclusion : TAP block provides better postoperative analgesia in patient undergoing
inguinalhernia repair surgery . It prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia and
significantly reduces the total analgesic consumption up to 24 hrs postoperatively
Nanofertilizers and their role in sustainable agriculture
Authors:   Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited, IFFCO Sadan, C-1, District Centre, Saket Place, New Delhi -110017, KUMAR YOGENDRA
Published: September 2021

Enhancing nutrient use efficiency (NUE) with minimal threat to environment has become critical for our agriculture food production systems (FPS) to sustain the burgeoning population. Nanotechnology with nanoscale inputs for production of nano agri-inputs (NAIPs) has emerged as an innovative solution for addressing issue of low or declining nutrient use efficiency (NUE) with minimal environment footprint. Nanotechnology is a promising field of research which has the potential to offer sustainable solutions to ever pressing challenges confronting our modern intensive agriculture. Nanotechnology employs nanomaterials which typically have small size (1–100 nm) which imparts unique characteristics and benefits. In addition to numerous other benefits, large surface area to volume ratio offers opportunity for better and effective interaction of nanoparticles to target sites. Nano-fertilizers hold potential to fulfil plant nutrition requirements along with imparting sustainability to crop production systems and that too without compromising the crops yield. Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) - the farmers’ own fertilizer cooperative has been in the forefront for promotion of agro-technologies and novel agri-inputs to mitigate problems faced by the farmers. It has indigenously innovated at its Nano Biotechnology Research Centre (NBRC) at Kalol, Gujarat and succeeded in R& D and manufacturing of proprietary nano-fertilizers viz. nano urea, nano zinc, and nano copper. These nano-fertilizers utilize the dynamics of shape, size, surface area and bio-assimilation. There efficacy was evaluated on the basis of multi-location multi-crop trials under varying crop seasons, both by the research institutes and also on the progressive farmers’ fields across 11,000 locations on 94 crops across India. Independently, nano nitrogen, nano zinc, and nano copper have also been tested for bio-efficacy- bio safety- toxicity and environment suitability. IFFCO nano-fertilizers meet alll the current national and international guidelines related to nano technology or nano scale agri-inputs.They are in sync with OECD testing guidelines (TGs) and “Guidelines for Testing of NAIPs and Food Products” released by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. Harvested produce of crops applied with IFFCO nano-Urea, nano-zinc, and nano-copper have been found fit for consumption with no adverse effect. This paper reviews the benefits of nanofertilizers (Nano N, Nano Zn and Nano Cu) towards increasing nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity and produce quality in general and the journey of IFFCO nano-fertilizers (IFFCO’s Nano Urea, Nano Zn and Nano Cu) from conception to PILOT to PLANT stage has also been covered in this paper.
Criar de um jeito hacker: experiências na/com a escola e a universidade
Authors: Pinheiro Daniel Silva , Menezes Karina Moreira , Cordeiro Salete de Fátima Noro
Published: September 2021

Este artigo aponta elementos para repensarmos e transformarmos práticas no contexto educativo contemporâneo. Estão em evidência a experimentação de possibilidades outras de vivenciar o cotidiano escolar e a construção de materiais baseados em recursos abertos. Considerando as correntes críticas à educação pública, percebemos a necessidade de agir de maneira propositiva, construindo a mudança a partir de dentro das escolas, escutando, apoiando e fortalecendo seus praticantes. Uma das possibilidades é a presença da universidade realizando pesquisas com as escolas, como aconteceu no projeto Conexão Escola-Mundo, que fomentou o jeito hacker de criar, aqui é descrito e analisado. As ações também contemplaram o desenvolvimento de redes de saberes e significados tecidas por meio de práticas em que os sujeitos se colocavam enquanto autores dos seus percursos de aprender/ensinar. A metodologia foi construída conjuntamente com os praticantes, utilizando-se principalmente da dinâmica de reuniões de trabalho e estudo com professores, além de oficinas e ações que atendessem a temas demandados pela comunidade escolar. Os dispositivos utilizados para construção de dados foram gravações em áudio e/ou vídeo e diários de campo. Também aportamos a discussão deste artigo em uma breve análise sobre como o jeito hacker está presente nas atividades de formação que realizamos com alunos dos cursos de licenciatura. Os resultados gerais apontam para a capacidade de inovação e integração do tripé ensino, pesquisa e extensão, realizado pela universidade pública por meio do estabelecimento de um ecossistema colaborativo com a escola, no qual a troca de saberes transforma-se em construção de conhecimentos para todos.
Collingwood’s The Idea of History
Authors: Johnson Peter
Published: September 2021

The Idea of History is the best known work of the Oxford philosopher and historian RG Collingwood. Published posthumously in 1946 it is, in effect, two books: a historiography and a philosophy of history. Students look to Collingwood for a history of thinking about history, and to discover his ideas about the nature of historical understanding. It is an indispensable text for historians and philosophers yet it is also highly challenging and many of Collingwood's innovations have been seriously misunderstood. The primary focus of this book is on Collingwood's actual arguments, especially the most radical of these, with the aim of elucidating their construction and appraising them in the clearest possible way. This guide is the ideal companion to Collingwood's classic text both for students coming to it for the first time and for those wishing to consider its arguments afresh. It offers clear and concise accounts of the book's composition; the intellectual context of Collingwood's ideas; its central arguments concerning the nature of history; and its reception and influence.
KESUKARAN PERMOHONAN ZAKAT DALAM KALANGAN PENDUDUK FLAT KOS RENDAH DI KAWASAN PARLIMEN BATU, LEMBAH PANTAI DAN SETIAWANGSA
Authors: Mohd Zaki Muhammad Adib , Mohd Noor Mohd Ali , Wahid Hairunnizam , Muhamad Sham Muhammad Syafiq
Published: September 2021

Poverty and the denied rights of low-cost flats residents, particularly in Kuala Lumpur, have become heated topics discussed among academicians and politicians. The main purpose of this study is to identify the contributing factors towards the ineffectiveness of zakat application among low-cost flats residents in Parlimen Batu, Lembah Pantai and Setiawangsa. The collected data is obtained through a survey form distributed to 139 respondents among the residents of the low-cost flats in the named parliamentary constituencies via random sampling together with data analysis involving binomial logistic regression. Based on this statistic, there are a few factors such as age, the application process, facilities, and zakat services. Other than that, this study proves that majority of the respondents agree to establish a committee of amil kariah at their residences to ease the zakat management, as well as the process of identifying asnaf and enhancing the quality of zakat facilities and services. Therefore, few alternatives and policy implications have been suggested in this study as a method of improvement in assisting the denied yet well-deserving group of asnaf in the area.

Abstrak

Kemiskinan dan penafian hak penduduk flat kos rendah lebih-lebih lagi di Kuala Lumpur telah menjadi satu topik yang hangat dibicarakan dalam kalangan ahli politik dan akademik. Tujuan utama kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk mengenal pasti faktor-faktor kesukaran permohonan zakat dalam kalangan penduduk flat kos rendah di kawasan Parlimen Batu, Lembah Pantai dan Setiawangsa. Data-data yang digunakan adalah melalui penggunaan instrumen borang soal selidik ke atas 139 responden yang terdiri daripada penduduk flat kos rendah di kawasan tersebut secara sampel rawak dengan analisis data yang melibatkan penggunaan regrasi logistik berbentuk binomial. Berdasarkan hasil statistik menunjukkan terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kesukaran penduduk flat kos rendah dalam membuat permohonan zakat di kawasan tersebut seperti faktor umur, proses permohonan zakat, kemudahan dan perkhidmatan zakat. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini juga menunjukkan majoriti responden bersetuju untuk menubuhkan satu ahli jawatankuasa amil kariah di kawasan flat mereka untuk menguruskan hal ehwal zakat serta memudahkan lagi proses pencarian golongan asnaf dan meningkatkan kualiti kemudahan dan perkhidmatanzakat itu sendiri. Oleh itu, beberapa cadangan dan implikasi dasar turut dicadangkan dalam kajian ini sebagai langkah penambahbaikkan bagi membantu golongan yang telah dinafikan hak yang sewajarnya mereka terima.
Some of the clinico-epidemiological features of human rotavirus in children with gastroenteritis below five years of age, A hospitalbased study
Authors:   MBCHB, F.I.B.M.S, Pediatric, Al-Falluja Teaching Hospital, Al-Anbar Health Directorate, Iraq., Saeed Dr.Emtithal A. Wahed Muhammad , Afram Dr.Rana Ismail ,   MBCHB, F.I.B.M.S, Pediatric, AI-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Al Karkh Health Directorate, Iraq., Hameed Dr. Ishraq Muneam ,   MBCHB, F.I.B.M.S, Pediatric, AI-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Al Karkh Health Directorate, Iraq.
Published: September 2021

Background: A prospective study done for 7 months in the period between the 1st of January 2009 to the 1st of August 2009 on 200 patients with gastroenteritis attending Child’ Central Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. The aim of the study: to determine the frequency of rotavirus infection among children with gastroenteritis and to identify the important clinical features of the illness. Patients and method: A sample of 200 children below 5 years of age with gastroenteritis were tested for the presence of human rotavirus using latex agglutination test to examine the stool sample in addition to general stool examination, stool PH, PCV ,WBC count, blood urea and serum electrolytes. Results: The results reveal that the frequency of rotavirus infection among children less than five years of age with gastroenteritis was 28% and that most infected children were below 2 years of age , and have watery diarrhea and the infection is significantly increasing during winter time and more common among artificially fed infants. Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of morbidity among young children with gastroenteritis and breast feeding is an important protective factor.
Cooperativismo e educação: reflexões, potencialidades e estratégias para o ensino de Geografia
Authors: Quintas Neto Armando Peres , Teixeira Arthur Felipe De Melo , Silva Maria do Rozário Azevedo
Published: September 2021

Este ensaio é fruto da inquietação de pessoas que refletem sobre o ato de ensinar e buscam formas de fortalecer as qualidades da ciência geográfica enquanto ciência do espaço cidadão. Tendo como fio condutor e pano de fundo uma experiência de sala de aula, ocorrida em 2015 numa escola da rede privada do Recife-PE, desenvolvemos aqui nossas reflexões sobre as perspectivas e aproximações da organização cooperativa em uma sala de aula. Percorrendo um caminho teórico que aborda a autonomia freireana, a governamentalidade foucaultiana e o próprio cooperativismo, buscamos trazer um debate necessário não só às ciências geográficas, mas a todos que pensam a educação em tempos de "Escola sem Partido".
A importância do Projeto “Consciência Negra” como instrumento de luta social em Tamandaré – Pernambuco
Authors: Santos Maria Do Carmo Ferrão , Albuquerque Romero Silva
Published: September 2021

A história da escravidão na capitania de Pernambuco iniciou no século XVI e está atrelada ao ciclo da cana-de-açúcar, onde escravos africanos serviam a seus senhores. Após a abolição da escravatura, em 1888, estima-se que algumas dezenas de ex-escravos optaram por residir em Tamandaré, uma região de praia que tinha como meio de sobrevivência apenas a pesca artesanal e a agricultura de subsistência. Como forma de contribuir com a alimentação dos moradores e familiares dos donos dos engenhos, escravos domésticos que desempenhavam funções de confiança com o seu dono, vinham pescar em Tamandaré. Com o passar do tempo houve uma evolução no setor turístico de Tamandaré, contribuindo com a migração de pessoas oriundas de várias localidades, trazendo consigo, ou não, a cultura da descriminação racial. Neste sentido, é que desde 2014, tem sido executado o Projeto Consciência Negra, com a finalidade de desconstruir o racismo. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar o Projeto Consciência Negra como instrumento de resistência e de luta, na tentativa de provocar empoderamento e sensibilização na sociedade de Tamandaré, assim como, conscientizar as pessoas negras sobre a importância do empoderamento e, mais do que aceitar é preciso despertar o sentimento de respeito não apenas nas pessoas negras, mas em toda a sociedade.
Data Augmentation Through Monte Carlo Arithmetic Leads to More Generalizable Classification in Connectomics
Authors: Kiar Gregory , Chatelain Yohan , Salari Ali , Evans Alan C , Glatard Tristan
Published: September 2021

Machine learning models are commonly applied to human brain imaging datasets in an effort to associate function or structure with behaviour, health, or other individual phenotypes. Such models often rely on low-dimensional maps generated by complex processing pipelines. However, the numerical instabilities inherent to pipelines limit the fidelity of these maps and introduce computational bias. Monte Carlo Arithmetic, a technique for introducing controlled amounts of numerical noise, was used to perturb a structural connectome estimation pipeline, ultimately producing a range of plausible networks for each sample. The variability in the perturbed networks was captured in an augmented dataset, which was then used for an age classification task. We found that resampling brain networks across a series of such numerically perturbed outcomes led to improved performance in all tested classifiers, preprocessing strategies, and dimensionality reduction techniques. Importantly, we find that this benefit does not hinge on a large number of perturbations, suggesting that even minimally perturbing a dataset adds meaningful variance which can be captured in the subsequently designed models.
Kur’ân’ın İstinsah Heyetinde Bulunan Saîd b. el-Âs Kimdir?
Authors: Yerkazan Hasan
Published: September 2021

Bu makalede İslâm tarihinde müstesna bir yere sahip olan Saîd b. el-Âs (öl. 58/678) farklı boyutlarıyla incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. O, hicret yılında Mekke’de dünyaya gelmiştir. Babası Bedir savaşında müşriklerin safında öldürüldükten sonra Hz. Osman (öl. 35/656) onu himayesi altına almıştır. Cesaret, dirâyet, hitâbet, fesâhat, cömertlik gibi bazı özelliklerinden dolayı insanlar arasında temayüz etmiş ve genç yaşta stratejik öneme sahip görevler üstlenmiştir. Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan seferlerinde komutan olarak orduyu yönetmiş ve önemli başarılar elde etmiştir. Askerî görevlerinin yanı sıra Hz. Osman döneminde Kûfe’de; Muâviye (öl. 60/680) döneminde ise Medine’de valilik yapmıştır. Kargaşanın hiç eksik olmadığı Kûfe’de valilik yaptığı dönemde yaşamış olduğu sıkıntılar azledilmesine sebep olmuştur. Hz. Osman’ın şehit edilmesi sürecinde onu korumaya çalışmış; Cemel ve Sıffın savaşlarında tarafsız kalmayı tercih etmiştir. Medine’de valilik yaptığı dönemde başta Ehl-i beyt olmak üzere her kesimle iyi ilişkiler içerisinde olmaya gayret etmiştir. Görev yaptığı yerlerde insanların ihtiyaçlarını karşılamış, özellikle yardıma muhtaç olan kimselere vermiş olduğu büyük miktardaki meblağlarla dikkat çekmiştir. O, Hz. Osman döneminde teşekkül ettirilen Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in istinsah heyetinde bulunmuş, nüsha çoğaltılma sürecinde önemli bir sorumluluk üstlenmiştir.
Flash Glucose Monitoring Systems in Pediatric Populations With Diabetes
Authors: Young Calvin , Grobelna Aleksandra
Published: September 2021

Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) is a method of glucose testing where a sensor inserted into the skin continuously measures interstitial glucose levels. It can be used by people with diabetes to inform treatment decisions, such as insulin dosing, as an alternative or complement to blood glucose testing.

Evidence of variable quality from 2 randomized controlled trials and 8 non-randomized studies, including those summarized within systematic reviews, suggests that FGM may improve quality of life, patient satisfaction, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, and frequency of glucose monitoring compared to self-monitoring blood glucose techniques in pediatric populations with type 1 diabetes. Findings related to other outcomes, such as hemoglobin A1C, glucose time in range metrics, and adverse events were mixed or inconclusive (i.e., in some studies the use of FGM was associated with improved outcomes, while in other studies it was not).

While the results summarized in this report generally suggest that the use of FGM is associated with improved clinical outcomes in pediatric populations with type 1 diabetes, the limitations of the included literature should be considered when interpreting these findings.

No studies were identified that compared the clinical effectiveness of FGM systems with hypoglycemic, hyperglycemia, or signal loss alarms (e.g., FreeStyle Libre 2) to FGM systems without these features (e.g., FreeStyle Libre) in people of any age with diabetes requiring insulin therapy.