bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiência do enfermeiro com o uso da tecnologia em cuidados com o paciente com diabetes no pós cirúrgico
Authors: Domingues Griesiele Aparecida Silva Ferreira , Moreschi Claudete , Siqueira Daiana Foggiato de , Machado Letícia Martins , Andres Silvana Carloto , Bedin Bárbara Belmonte
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Relatar experiência acadêmica de aplicabilidade da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem e uso de tecnologia educativa de cuidado em pessoas com diabetes no pós-cirúrgico. Relato de experiência: Desenvolvido com pessoas com diabetes, no período pós cirúrgico, em um hospital do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Inicialmente, identificou-se, nos prontuários, os nomes e os leitos das pessoas que estavam internadas no pós-cirúrgico e que tinham o diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus. Foi aplicada a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e, a seguir, uma tecnologia educativa de cuidado, por meio de uma cartilha educativa que contempla orientações de cuidados para pessoas com diabetes no pós-cirúrgico, utilizando linguagem clara e acessível, além de informações escritas e ilustrações. Considerações finais: Essa experiência proporcionou a reflexão acerca do papel do enfermeiro frente à promoção do autocuidado das pessoas com diabetes. A tecnologia educativa de cuidado por meio de cartilha de orientaçõesàs pessoas com diabetes no pós-cirúrgico poderá estimular as pessoas a procurar mais informações em relação ao conhecimento sobre diabetes, manter os hábitos de vida saudáveis, com vistas à promoção do autocuidado em diabetes no período pós-cirúrgico, melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Displasia cleidocraniana: um estudo de caso
Authors: Bellemo Bianca Sobral , Hungaro Thiago Alves , Kurihara Ana Carolina Zanin Sacoman
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: relatar caso de Displasia Cleidocraniana no intuito de auxiliar o diagnóstico precoce e prognóstico dos pacientes acometidos. Detalhamento do caso: criança do sexo masculino nascida a termo, realizado 10 consultas de acompanhamento pré-natal. Pai, mãe e irmão hígidos. Após o parto foi realizado o exame físico do recém-nascido e não foi possível palpar as clavículas e notou-se um alargamento das fontanelas. Sendo encaminhado para a radiografia, evidenciando-se apenas o terço proximal das clavículas direita e esquerda ossificados, não sendo possível avaliar o terço médio e distal, tampouco o núcleo secundário de ossificação do úmero e processo coracóide da escápula bilateralmente. Ademais, observou-se redução da mineralização óssea da calota craniana com alargamento das fontanelas. Considerações finais: A Displasia Cleidocraniana (DCC) é uma doença hereditária autossômica dominante ocasionada por uma mutação no gene RUNX2, fator esse que codifica a transcrição para o osteoblasto, e é essencial para a diferenciação celular dos osteoblastos e odontoblastos que são fundamentais para a síntese e metabolismo do tecido ósseo. Por se tratar de uma anomalia genética rara, quanto mais precoce for feito o diagnóstico, mais eficaz será o acompanhamento da equipe multidisciplinar no atendimento diante das necessidades do portador da DCC e da sua família.
Role of poly (ADP) ribose polymerase-1 inhibition by nicotinamide as a possible additive treatment to modulate host immune response and prevention of cytokine storm in COVID-19
Authors: Gharote Mukul Arvind
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 is rapidly spreading contagious disease spreading across the world. Patients at risk are elderly people and those with comorbidity. Early studies done on Chinese patients who suggest cytokine storm to be responsible for lung injury. We need to understand the mechanism of modulating such robust response of immunity and resultant cytokine storm. We suggest nicotinamide, a potential poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, as a supportive treatment for the prevention of cytokine storm from injuring the lung parenchyma. Nicotinamide supplementation albeit at high dose may modulate outcome in COVID-19. Nicotinamide was used previously to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and lung injury due to hypoxia. Nicotinamide congeners are used to treat chronic lung disease like tuberculosis. Certainly, nicotinamide is effective pharmacotherapy in lung injury – whether acute or chronic. Other measures used in treating COVID-19 are focusing on targeting interleukin-6 – a cytokine responsible for mayhem, while few are targeting granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor. We suggest targeting PARP in addition to other measures to block cytokines. By inhibiting PARP course of COVID-19 may be altered. Understanding the pathophysiology of acute lung injury is crucial. PARP plays a pivotal role on cytokine release in response to any lung injury ranging from viral infection to hypoxia. Various antiviral defenses and immune response need to be studied in detail.
Chiral Cyclic [n]Spirobifluorenylenes: Carbon Nanorings Consisting of Helically Arranged Quaterphenyl Rods Illustrating Partial Units of Woven Patterns
Authors: Zhu, Kaige , Kamochi Kosuke , Kodama Takuya , Tobisu Mamoru , Amaya Toru
Published: April 2020

Chiral cyclic [n]spirobifluorenylenes consisting of helically arranged quaterphenyl rods, illustrating partial units of woven patterns, were designed and synthesized as a new family of carbon nanorings. The synthesis was accomplished by the Ni(0)-mediated Yamamoto-coupling of chiral spirobifluorene building blocks. The structures of the cyclic 3-, 4-, and 5-mers were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. These carbon nanorings exhibited a strong violet colored emission with high quantum yields in solution (95%, 93%, and 94% for 3-, 4-, and 5-mer, respectively). Other spectroscopic properties, including their chiroptical properties, were also investigated. The g-values for circularly polarized luminescence were found to be in the order of 10-3, where that of the 4-mer showed a relatively higher value 8.5 x 10-3. Characteristic spiroconjugation induced by multiple

3) bifluorenyl units, for example the even-odd effect of the number of units in the matching of the sign of the orbitals, were also indicated by DFT calculations.
The Structural Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Hints for Inhibitor Search.
Authors: Palese Luigi Leonardo
Published: April 2020

In 2019, an outbreak occurred which resulted in a global pandemic. The causative agent of this serious global health threat was a coronavirus similar to the agent of SARS, referred to as SARS-CoV-2. In this work an analysis of the available structures of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease has been performed. From a data set of crystallographic structures the dynamics of the protease has been obtained. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the structures of SARS-CoV-2 with those of the main protease of the coronavirus responsible of SARS (SARS-CoV) was carried out. The results of these studies suggest that, although main proteases of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are similar at the backbone level, some plasticity at the substrate binding site can be observed. The consequences of these structural aspects on the search for effective inhibitors of these enzymes are discussed, with a focus on already known compounds. The results obtained show that compounds containing an oxirane ring could be considered as inhibitors of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2.
Catalyst-Control over Sixfold Stereogenicity
Authors: Wu Xingxing , Witzig Reto M. , Beaud Rodolphe , Fischer Christian , Häussinger Daniel , Sparr Christof
Published: April 2020

Governing higher-order stereogenicity is a long-standing goal in stereoselective catalysis, because it allows to achieve selectivity for more than a twofold number of stereoisomers per stereogenic unit. Current methods warrant control over the power of two stereoisomers and the configurations are routinely assigned using the descriptors ( R ) and ( S ), or related binary codes. In contrast, conformational analysis ranges beyond this dualistic treatment of stereoisomerism, which constitutes an unmet challenge for catalyst stereocontrolled processes. Herein, we now report that sixfold stereogenicity can be governed by stereoselective catalysis. By controlling a configurationally stable stereogenic axis with six large rotational barriers, a catalytic [2+2+2]-cyclotrimerization selectively governs the formation of one out of six stereoisomers with up to 0:0:2:98:0:0 stereocontrol. The underpinnings of conformational analysis and stereoselective catalysis are thereby conceptually reunited. Novel molecular architectures featuring distinct chemical topologies and unexplored chemical designs are anticipated from catalystcontrol over higher-order stereogenicities
E. coli Nickel-Iron Hydrogenase 1 Catalyses Non-native Reduction of Flavins: Demonstration for Alkene Hydrogenation by Old Yellow Enzyme
Authors: Joseph Srinivasan Shiny , Cleary Sarah , Paul Caroline , Ramirez Miguel A. , Vincent Kylie
Published: April 2020

Robust [NiFe] hydrogenase 1 (Hyd1) from Escherichia coli is shown to have non-native, H2-dependent activity for FMN and FAD reduction, and to function as a promising recycling system for FMNH2 supply to flavoenzymes for chemical synthesis, giving a total turnover number over 10 million when coupled with an Old Yellow Enzyme ene reductase.
Enhanced Li-Ion Conductivity in Nanosized Li10GeP2S12
Authors: Dawson James , Islam Saiful
Published: April 2020

The discovery of the lithium superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) has led to significant research activity on solid electrolytes for high-performance and safe solid-state batteries. LGPS exhibits a remarkably high room-temperature Li-ion conductivity of 12 mS/cm, comparable tothat of the liquid electrolytes used in current Li-ion batteries. Here, we predict that nanosizing of LGPS can be used to further enhance its already outstanding Li-ion conductivity. By utilizing state-of-the-art nanoscale molecular dynamics techniques, we are able to simulate the Li-ion conductivities of nanocrystalline LGPS systems with average grain sizes from 10 to 2 nm. Our results reveal that the Li-ion conductivity of LGPS increases with decreasing grain volume. For the smallest nanometric grain size, the Li-ion conductivity at room temperature is three times higher that of the bulk system. These findings reveal that nanosizing LGPS and related solid electrolytes could be an effective approach for enhancing their Li-ion conductivity.
On the Use of DFT+U to Describe the Electronic Structure of TiO2 Nanoparticles: (TiO2)35 as a Case Study
Authors: Morales Angel , Rhatigan Stephen , Nolan Michael , Illas Frances
Published: April 2020

One of the main drawbacks in the density functional theory (DFT) formalism is the underestimation of the energy gaps in semiconducting materials. The combination of DFT with an explicit treatment of electronic correlation with a Hubbard-like model, known as DFT+U method, has been extensively applied to open up the energy gap in materials. Here, we introduce a systematic study where the selection of U parameter is analyzed considering two different basis sets: plane-waves (PWs) and numerical atomic orbitals (NAOs), together with different implementations for including U, to investigate the structural and electronic properties of a well-defined bipyramidal (TiO2)35 nanoparticle (NP). This study reveals, as expected, that a certain U value can reproduce the experimental value for the energy gap. However, there is a high dependence on the choice of basis set and, and on the +U parameter employed. The present study shows that the linear combination of the NAO basis functions, as implemented in FHI-aims, requires a lower U value than the simplified rotationally invariant approaches as implemented in VASP. Therefore, the transferability of U values between codes is unfeasible and not recommended, demanding initial benchmark studies for the property of interest as a reference to determine the appropriate value of U.
On Failure Modes of Molecule Generators and Optimizers
Authors: Renz Philipp , Van Rompaey Dries , Wegner Jörg Kurt , Hochreiter Sepp , Klambauer Günter
Published: April 2020

There has been a wave of generative models for molecules triggered by advances in the field of Deep Learning. These generative models are often used to optimize chemical compounds towards particular properties or a desired biological activity. The evaluation of generative models remains challenging and suggested performance metrics or scoring functions often do not cover all relevant aspects of drug design projects. In this work, we highlight some unintended failure modes of generative models and how these evade detection by current performance metrics.
Redox Neutral and Acid-Free Minisci C-H Alkylation of Heteroarenes Enabled by Dual Photoredox/bromide Catalysis in Micellar Solutions
Authors: Santos Marila S. , Cybularczyk-Cecotka Martyna , Koenig Burkhard , Giedyk Maciej
Published: April 2020

Microstructured aqueous solutions were employed to engage non-activated alkyl bromides in the visible-light-promoted C‑H functionalization of heteroarenes. The reactive carbon-centered alkyl radicals were generated by merging the photoredox approach, bromide anion co-catalysis and spatial pre-aggregation of reacting species in the mixture. The presented methodology allowed obtaining alkylated heteroarenes without stoichiometric radical-promoters, in acid-free conditions and using blue LEDs as the light source.
Responsible Science, Engineering and Education for Water Resource Recovery and Circularity
Authors: Weissbrodt David G. , Winkler Mari K. H. , Wells George F.
Published: April 2020

Water resource recovery is central to the circular economy framework. It underlies the transition of environmental engineering from pollution prevention to responsible innovation for sustainable systems engineering. In order to speed this transition, resource recovery and circularity need integration into new higher education curricula to train the next generation of young professionals. However, training of new concepts requires the development of new course materials and books, while integrating substantial illustrations and problems on circularity and resource recovery in new editions of existing textbooks in environmental science and engineering. Moreover, university-utility-industry partnerships are important mechanisms to bridge theoretical fundamentals to concepts for engineering practice, and to promote knowledge exchange and technology adoption between practitioners and academics. Interactive platforms should be designed to facilitate the integration and development of resource recovery and circularity concepts from science and practice into education. This paper gives actionable roadmaps to (i) apprehend how new science and technological findings need to get integrated to sustain resource recovery and circularity in practice. It highlights that (ii) skills sets can be engineered with relatively minor changes to existing lecture material that will have maximal impact on the scope of the thought material. It lays out (iii) how partnership with engineering practitioners can make a lecture more vivid by giving students reasoning for why the learned material is important. It drives (iv) a platform for an integrated science, education and practice to deliver them with concrete tools for practical implementation for benefits at community level.
Golgi Recruitment Assay for Visualizing Small-Molecule Ligand–target Engagement in Cells
Authors: Suzuki Sachio , Ikuta Masahiro , Yoshii Tatsuyuki , Nakamura Akinobu , Kuwata Keiko , Tsukiji Shinya
Published: April 2020

The development of methods that allow detection of ligand–target engagement in cells is an important challenge in chemical biology and drug discovery. Here, we present a Golgi recruitment (G-REC) assay in which the ligand binding to the target protein can be visualized as Golgi-localized fluorescence signals. We show that the G-REC assay is applicable to the detection of various ligand–target interactions, ligand affinity comparison among distinct protein isoforms, and the monitoring of unmodified drug–target engagement in cells.
Liquid Crystal Coacervates Composed of Short Double Stranded DNA and Cationic Peptides
Authors: Fraccia Tommaso , Jia Tony Z.
Published: April 2020

Phase separation of nucleic acids and proteins is a ubiquitous phenomenon regulating sub-cellular compartment structure and function. While complex coacervation of flexible single stranded nucleic acids is broadly investigated, coacervation of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) is less studied because of its propensity to generate solid precipitates. Here, we reverse this perspective by showing that short dsDNA and poly-L-lysine coacervates can escape precipitation while displaying a surprisingly complex phase diagram, including the full set of liquid crystal (LC) mesophases observed to date in bulk dsDNA. LC-coacervate structure was characterized upon variations in temperature and monovalent salt, DNA and peptide concentrations, which allow continuous transitions between all accessible phases. A deeper understanding of LC-coacervates can gain insights to decipher structures and phase transition mechanisms within biomolecular condensates, to design stimuli-responsive multi-phase synthetic compartments with different degrees of order and to exploit self-assembly driven cooperative prebiotic evolution of nucleic acids and peptides.
Nanoparticles’ and atoms’ geometrowave potential quantified and unified properties
Authors: Tian Zheng
Published: April 2020

By quantizing the surface-to-volume ratio into a wave-number, this work has introduced a geometro-wave (GW) energy that fits linearly with atoms' and nanoparticles "size-dependent" properties of many types. The data linear fittings consistently support that nanoparticle's atomistic nature is the surface atom-layering that resembles the atom surface electron-layering which governs both nanoparticles and atoms geometry-quantized properties.
The Relationship between the Factors and Conditions of the Autonomy of Preschool Teachers and Fostering the Autonomy of Preschool Children in Kindergarten
Authors: Devjak Tatjana , Janžekovič Žmauc Irena , Benčina Jože
Published: April 2020

In the paper, we argue that fostering the autonomy of children in kindergarten contributes to the positive effects of the individual’s autonomy later in life. Various sources substantiate the assumption that there is a relationship between the child’s autonomy and the autonomy of educators. In the paper, we identify and investigate how preschool teachers evaluate the factors of their own professional autonomy, we determine the factors and conditions that, in their opinion, foster the autonomy of preschool children, and we verify whether the assessment of both factors and conditions affects the actual state of the stimulation of the autonomy of children in kindergarten. With regard to fostering the autonomy of children, we have in mind the participation of children, enabling them to play and learn and to manipulate materials and teaching aids in their own way, so that preschool teachers can offer them a choice, take into account their feelings and perspectives, and provide them with rational feedback. The results of the research show that an evaluation of the factors and conditions for fostering the autonomy of children by preschool teachers (N = 524) has a beneficial effect on fostering the autonomy of the children, but it is not crucial. The most important factors in fostering the autonomy of children are the preschool teacher as a person and the participation of children.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS DE APRENDIZAGEM POSSÍVEIS AO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Rocha Carlos José Tridade da , Farias Sidilene Aquino de
Published: April 2020

Este artigo resulta de um estágio de pós-doutoramento em ensino de ciências e matemática da Universidade Federal do Amazonas, e teve como objetivo identificar e especificar metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, considerando um conjunto de práticas e de técnicas contextualizadas, viáveis ao ensino de ciências e matemática. Para isso, utilizou-se uma metodologia de abordagem qualitativa com características de pesquisa descritiva. A constituição dos dados, compreendeu o período de 2015 a 2020, selecionando-se textos com relações diretas com o tema, através de análise de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL). Os resultados identificaram dezessete métodos ativos que valorizam e estão relacionados à autonomia e protagonismo estudantil, dessa forma contribuindo para o estudo do tema por professores e/ou formadores de professores, e para o fortalecimento da educação científica. As metodologias ativas, são representadas principalmente por modelos de aprendizagem baseada em projetos, atividades colaborativas e solução de problemas reais, aproveitando recursos tecnológicos, tendo alto potencial pedagógico.
A QUALIDADE DE UMA PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO: CONCEPÇÕES EXPRESSAS POR REAMEQUIAN@S, TURMA 2019
Authors: Lopes Kênya Maria Vieira , Darsie Marta Maria Pontin
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo busca apresentar algumas das concepções sobre a qualidade de uma pesquisa em educação expressas por reamequian@s no percurso da disciplina de Pesquisa em Ciências da Educação do Doutorado em Educação em Ciências e Matemática da REAMEC, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, em 2019. O instrumento-base de coleta de dados para a produção deste trabalho foi um questionário proposto aos colegas reamequian@s em uma atividade prática desenvolvida com a turma durante a socialização de um texto que aborda rigor e qualidade de pesquisa em educação. A análise dos dados pautou-se em Bardin. Entre os resultados apresentados pel@s doutorand@s sobre o que deve ter uma pesquisa para ela ser considerada de qualidade, constaram conceitos que envolviam: confiabilidade, imparcialidade, relevância, valores morais e éticos, princípios/rigor científicos, análise dos caminhos da educação, contribuições do resultado da pesquisa para o processo educativo e para mudanças/transformação da realidade, novos conhecimentos, evolução e consolidação da ciência. Conclui-se que a qualidade de uma pesquisa está atrelada ao rigor científico/metodológico, entre outras características, mas, além de tudo, deve ser útil para que se possa resolver as situações problemáticas no campo educacional, que muito tem precisado de estudos e trabalhos dos pesquisadores da área.
Determinants of Customer Preference to Save in Islamic Bank
Authors: Afriani Tia , Asandimitra Nadia
Published: April 2020

The widespread use of sharia products and instruments encourages society to save funds in sharia banks. The main purpose of this research is to test the effect of financial literacy, profit sharing, knowledge of customers, gender, age, education, income to saving decisions. The type of research is quantitative research by using a non-probability sampling method with snowball sampling and purposive sampling technique to get a sample of 230 respondents. The object of this research was sharia bank's customers in Surabaya. The data obtained by spreading the questionnaire online and offline contains 41 items of statement and question. The data analysis technique is multiple linear regression that calculated by software package used for the analysis of statistical data. The result found that financial literacy’s of customer has medium effect about 72.1% to their saving decision. The higher level of customer’s financial literacy increases their ability to manage finance and saving. Meanwhile, profit-sharing has an effect to saving decision, as the higher level of profit sharing will raise society’s interest for saving in sharia bank. Otherwise, customer knowledge and demographic factors (gender, age, education and income) have no effect to their saving decision.
What Attracts Guest to Stay? Brand Identity, Religiosity, and Reference Group towards Decision to Choose Sharia Hotel
Authors: Jayanti Winka Alfi , Iriani Sri Setyo
Published: April 2020

Indonesia has one of largest Muslim population in the world. Therefore, currently it is not surprising that Sharia Branding is currently widely used by business entities ranging from banking to the hospitality business. This phenomenon is observed in the city of Surabaya in which Sharia hotels are mostly found such as the Namira Syariah Hotel. Nevertheless, the growth in the number of consumers who stay in Syariah hotels is not as much as conventional hotels. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to (1) to analyze the effect brand identity on the decision of consumers to stay at the Hotel Namira Syariah Surabaya, (2) to analyze the effect the consumer religiosity on consumers decision to stay at the Hotel Namira Syariah Surabaya, (3) to analyze the effect of the reference group to the decision to stay at the Hotel Namira Syariah Surabaya. This type of research uses a causal research approach. The population in this research is infinite but have ever stayed at the Hotel Namira Syariah Surabaya only but to all Muslim who at least 17 years old. The sample collection technique used is non-probability sampling with the number of samples is 210 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire, while data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. From the results of the discussion and analysis of the data, it can be concluded that there is a positive influence of brand identity, religiosity and reference groups on the decision to stay at the sharia hotel.
MODIFICATION OF PUZZLE PLAY AS MATHEMATICAL LEARNING MEDIA IN LIGHTWEIGHT MENTAL RETARDATION CHILDREN IN SLB C SITI HAJAR, SIDOARJO DISTRICT
Authors: Sudarto Zaini , Sasongko Tri Budi
Published: April 2020

The problem of education for Children with Special Needs (ABK) which until now still needs to be solved is the existence of a learning device, in this case a learning media that can function as an optimal introduction of information.Especially for ABK especially mentally retarded children who have psychological, intellectual, and social barriers.Based on observations and interviews with several teachers and the Principal of SLB-C Siti Hajar, Kec. Buduran Regency. Sidoarjo, there are quite a lot of learning media available at the Institute, but the function of the media cannot be utilized optimally for children with special needs. the other side is the lack of class teacher creativity in preparing media that is appropriate to the characteristics of the students.Based on the foregoing, the PLB FIP Unesa Development Team cooperated with SLB-C School Principal Siti Hajar, through community service activities in the 2016-2017 school year.The form of these activities is to carry out training (workshops) for teaching staff at SLB-C Siti Hajar in making learning media that is suitable for students with special needs. to schedule the implementation of activities every Friday and Saturday.The theme of the training (workshop) is to make "Modification of Puzzle Games as a medium for learning mathematics for Children with Light Developmental Disabilities in SLB-C Siti Hajar Sidoarjo". With the main objective is to increase the interest and ability of class teachers in making learning media that has relevance from their students in SLB-C Siti Hajar in Kec. Buduran Regency. Sidoarjo.
The Influences of Facebook on High School Students’ Pattern of Social Life: The Case of Harar City
Authors: Shoa Dame Dereba , Keno Gutema Imana
Published: April 2020

In today’s world, it seems that social media and youngsters are destined for each other as both are young, fast paced and ever changing. It has become very challenging to cultivate and socialize youngsters with patterned social norms due to the influences of media like television and Facebook. Educators are challenged more seriously than ever before to teach youngster, as students are using Facebook at school and home. The aim of this study was to investigate the multifaceted influences of Facebook on youth's pattern of social life. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were employed to collect the data. Questionnaire, interview schedule and key informant interviews were data collection tools used to collect the quatitative and qualitative data respectively. The study founded that, Facebook is a social medium that discourages social bond in one way and encourages in the other way. By networking peers online, it enhances strong affiliation among Facebook friends while by letting them ignore people who are nearby, it debilitates face to face to face personal interactions. Anonymous Facebook users can meet in ‘chat rooms’ and discuss on topics of their choices with the person they do not know before and this type of electronic friendship and interaction may grow up and leads to virtual physical face-to-face contacts. Facebook is therefore, a platform for youths to discuss and interact on the issues of mutual curiosity which could enhance and promote synchronization of friends on the one side and inflammatory rhetoric conflicts on the other side, which implies the inevitable and multidimensional influences of Facebook on the youth’s social life
Out of the Shadows: Republican Criminology and the Children of Prisoners
Authors: Wallis Rebecca , Dennison Susan
Published: April 2020

The Australian criminal justice system pays little attention to the impact of imprisonment on prisoners’ dependent children, even though these children are often very vulnerable. In this article, it is argued that the system can better respond to children of prisoners by adopting Braithwaite and Pettit’s theory of republican criminology as a normative framework. Specifically, the relevance of Braithwaite and Pettit’s argument that the criminal justice system should have the maximisation of personal dominion as its primary goal is explored, in terms of its application to the children of prisoners. By orienting the criminal justice system towards this goal, it is possible for the needs of children to be viewed as an integral part of the business of criminal justice rather than as secondary or adjunct considerations.
Not Seen and Not Heard: Ethical Considerations of Research with Children of Prisoners
Authors: Saunders Vicky , McArthur Morag , Moore Tim
Published: April 2020

The ethical complexities associated with research with children are well recognised and have been debated extensively within the childhood literature. However, ethical issues occurring in research with children about sensitive issues, such as parental incarceration, and the practical solutions required to address such issues, are less well described. This paper draws on recent experiences of a research project conducted in the Australian Capital Territory exploring the needs of children of prisoners. It discusses three key interrelated methodological and ethical challenges observed by the researchers. While there is no doubt that considerable care needs to be taken to identify ethical and effective ways to undertake research with this group of children, we argue that applying a process of ethical reflexivity will assist researchers in planning and conducting ethical and methodologically valid research with children of prisoners.
Access to Justice for Older People in Australia
Authors: Sage-Jacobson Susannah
Published: April 2020

The past decade in Australia has seen renewed policy interest in access to justice. In turn this has highlighted the need for evidence-based research on the legal needs of socially and economically disadvantaged groups. Older persons, or people over the age of 65, have been recognised as a distinctly burdened group who are vulnerable to substantial and distinctive legal problems with adverse impacts on their life circumstances. Yet the legal needs of this group remain largely unmet, hidden from the legal service providers and complaint handling bodies. This article provides an overview of recent research on legal needs in Australia and internationally. It explains that there needs to be further targeted empirical research to identify the substantive reasons why older people do not currently enjoy equality before the law.
Ethics in Mediation: Centralising Relationships of Trust
Authors: Douglas Susan
Published: April 2020

Revision of the National Mediator Accreditation System, effective from 1 July 2015, removes the requirement for mediators to demonstrate understanding of neutrality as an ethical competency. The principle of impartiality has been retained and the principle of self-determination has been newly included as an ethical competency. The self-determination of participants, recognised in the original version of the NMAS, has been more clearly articulated as the aim of mediation practice. Abandonment of the principle of neutrality signals a need to reconsider the role of the mediator, which was once identified with control of the process of mediation, though neutral as to its content and outcome. Abandonment of neutrality calls for an alternative frame of reference for ethical practice in mediation. In this paper, the relationship of trust between mediator and parties is proposed as a suitable and defensible alternative ethical framework. It is argued that this relationship can be constructed according to principles associated with fiduciary and therapeutic relationships, in recognition of the distinctive socio-legal context of practice. Abandonment of neutrality also raises issues as to the mediator’s role in achieving fairness for participants. It is argued that relationships of trust provide a convincing framework within which to consider issues of substantive fairness in mediation.
The Ethics of Appropriate Justice Approaches: Lessons From a Restorative Response to Institutional Abuse
Authors: Vernon Alikki
Published: April 2020

The justice system and the practice of dispute resolution and conflict handling have co-evolved in recent decades. Practitioners face challenges that raise questions about (i) the justice system as a whole, and (ii) the range of processes currently available for resolving disputes and conflicts. These broader questions should be addressed by alternative dispute resolution practitioners, and by the designers and administrators of systems for appropriate dispute and conflict resolution. There have recently been several major initiatives in Australia in response to institutional abuse and sexual offending. This paper explores one of these initiatives: the Defence Abuse Response Taskforce. The Taskforce was established to address institutional abuse and sexual offending in the Australian Defence Force. It raised a number of important ethical questions and offers valuable lessons about appropriate justice approaches in complex matters.
Cenários futuros de epidemia do oídio da videira com as mudanças climáticas para o Brasil (Future scenarios of powdery mildew epidemic on grape under climate change for Brazil)
Authors: Hamada Emília , Angelotti Francislene , Garrido Lucas da Ressurreição , Ghini Raquel
Published: April 2020

Devido à intensa relação entre o ambiente e as doenças de plantas, alterações na distribuição geográfica e temporal das doenças podem ocorrer como impacto das mudanças climáticas. A vitivinicultura tem crescido de importância nos últimos anos no Brasil e as doenças constituem um sério problema para a cultura. O oídio, causado pelo fungo Uncinula necator, é uma das principais doenças que afetam a videira. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas na favorabilidade do oídio da videira no país, baseado em critérios de lógica matemática, associando combinações de faixas de variáveis climáticas com classes de favorabilidade e utilizando as ferramentas de SIG - Sistema de Informações Geográfica. O estudo considerou os meses ao longo do ano dos períodos de 1961-1990 e de 2011-2040, 2041-2070 e 2071-2100, nos cenários B1 e A2 do IPCC. A temperatura média e a umidade relativa foram os dados climáticos básicos de entrada no banco de dados do SIG e foram obtidos de projeções dos modelos climáticos globais do Quarto Relatório de Avaliação do IPCC. Os mapas de distribuição geográfica de respostas favoráveis à doença mostram que haverá alteração no futuro, com aumento da área favorável à sua incidência no Brasil, em ambos os cenários. Due to the intense relationship between environment and plant diseases, changes in the geographical and temporal distribution of diseases may occur as an impact of climate change. Viticulture in Brazil has been growing in importance in recent years and disease are a serious crop issue. Powdery mildew, also known as oidium, caused by the fungus Uncinula necator, is one of the main diseases affecting this crop. The objective of this study was to assess the potential impact of climate change on the favorability of grape oidium in Brazil, based on criterions of mathematical logic associating combinations of ranges of climate variables with classes of favorability and using Geographical Information System - GIS tools. The study considered the months throughout the year of periods of 1961-1990 and 2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100, scenarios B1 and A2 of IPCC. Mean temperature and relative humidity were the basic weather data entered in the GIS database, obtained by projections of global climate models from IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. Maps of geographic distribution of favorable responses for the disease show that in the future there will be change, increasing the favorable area for their incidence in the Brazil, in both scenarios. Keywords: Vitis spp., Uncinula necator, plant disease, Geographical Information System.
Os impactos das mudanças climáticas sobre os recursos hídricos e a produção animal em regiões semiáridas (Impacts of climate change on water resources and animal production in semi-arid regions)
Authors: Araújo Gherman Garcia Leal de
Published: April 2020

As zonas áridas e semiáridas em todo mundo têm expressivos rebanhos de grandes e pequenos ruminantes, que fazem parte de importantes sistemas de produção e da geração de renda das populações. As mudanças climáticas estão atingindo a pecuária destas regiões e, consequentemente, suas produções estão sendo afetadas significativamente, por problemas de baixa oferta hídrica, queda na produção e disponibilidade de forragens, bem-estar animal, causadas por alterações da temperatura, radiação solar, evapotranspiração, baixa pluviosidade e umidade do solo. Este desafio está posto e só poderá ser superado com um esforço conjunto de várias instituições, envolvendo governos, organizações e instituições de pesquisas, que possam aportar recursos, conhecimentos, ferramentas e tecnologias capazes de proporcionar a sustentabilidade ambiental e econômica da atividade pecuária. Este artigo aborda alguns aspectos relacionados aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas sobre os recursos hídricos e as consequências sobre a produção animal. Descreve algumas ferramentas de zoneamento bioclimático e de monitoramento de risco pecuário, além de trazer algumas possíveis alternativas de mitigação aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, particularmente, relacionadas a diminuição da oferta hídrica para os sistemas de produção de ruminantes, no semiárido. Arid and semi-arid areas in the world has significant herds of large and small ruminants, which are part of major production systems and the generation of income populations. Climate change is affecting the livestock of these regions and, consequently, their productions are being significantly affected by low water supply problems, decrease in the production and availability of feed, animal welfare, caused by changes in temperature, solar radiation, evapotranspiration, low rainfall and soil moisture. This challenge is set and can only be overcome by a joint effort of various institutions, involving governments, organizations and research institutions that can provide resources, knowledge, tools and technologies that provide environmental and economic sustainability of the livestock activity. This article discusses some aspects related to the effects of climate change on water resources and the consequences on animal production. Describes some tools of zones bioclimatic and livestock risk monitoring, and bring some possible alternatives to mitigate the effects of climate change, particularly related to decreased water supply to the ruminant production systems in semi-arid. Keyworlds: water, increase temperature, animal welfare, ruminants, production system.
Responsibility of sunflower hybrids to minimize the main tillage of soil in the Trans-Volga region
Authors: Solodovnikov Anatoly Petrovich , Zhuzhukin Valeriy Ivanovich , Subbotin Aleksandr Gennadyevich , Poletaev Ilya Sergeevich , Stepanova Natalya Viktorovna
Published: April 2020

Peculiarities of changes in soil moisture at various methods of main tillage before sunflower sowing and in the phase of “beginning of flowering” are considered. As a result of two-year observations, it was established that, in the arid conditions of the Saratov Trans-Volga region, before the sunflower sowing, the maximum soil moisture of a layer of 50–100 cm was after non-mold deep cultivation, which exceeded the plowing by 0.2–0.7%, and the minimum one by 0.7– 2.0% of the mass of absolutely dry soil. In the phenological phase of the “beginning of flowering", the best water regime was in 2018 after treatment with SSD-4 by 30–32 cm, and in 2019 in the control 1. Minimization of the main tillage reduces the yield of sunflower oilseeds in comparison with the dump cultivation by 32.8–46.2%. Deep subsurface cultivation increases the productivity of sunflower by 3.1–7.5%. The most productive sunflower hybrids for the Saratov Trans-Volga region are from the group of early ripening crops - Svetoch (1.56 t / ha), mid-early - the EU Savana (1.63 t/ha), mid-ripening EU Generalis SL (1.47 t/ha).
Electromagnetic methods for determining grain humidity
Authors: Morozov Sergey Mikhaylovich , Kalinina Marina Nikolaevna
Published: April 2020

The article considers the waveguide and resonator methods for measuring the dielectric constant. It is shown that the dielectric constant in the microwave range is a linear function of grain density, and the transverse resonator can be used to determine the moisture content of a moving grain flow.
Protostrongylesis (Protostrongylus hobmaieri) among the sheep of the Absheron Peninsula and the Khizyan district of the Azerbaijan Republic
Authors: Agayeva Aysel Nuhbala kyzy
Published: April 2020

One of the causative agents of protostrongilosis is Protostrongylus hobmaieri. These nematodes parasitize in the smallest bronchi, less often in the middle. Studies were conducted among sheep on the territory of the Absheron Peninsula and the adjacent Khizyn district. Sheep breeding is widely developed here. The work was carried out from 2016 to 2018. Surveys were taken from private sheep farms located in different villages. When performing the work, the method of complete helminthological dissections of animals according to K.I. Scriabin was used. The posthumous diagnosis of helminthiases is the most reliable. It was revealed that the intensity of invasion is high in the village of Altyagach (37.2%), the relative low intensity in the village of Zira (2.5%). High intensity of invasion was recorded in the village of Tudar (4-31 individuals), and low intensity in Mashtagi (2 individuals). Among the sheep, this invasion was not found in the villages of New Jasper and Sulutepe. The total infection of sheep with helminths by points was 12.4%.
State of irrigation canals of the Saratov Volga region and ways to increase their efficien-cy
Authors: Abdrazakov Fyarid Kinzhaevich , Churkina Kristina Igorevna
Published: April 2020

The article explores the issue of operational efficiency and the condition of irrigation canals. It reveals a high degree of wear and overgrowth of trees and shrubs. For grubbing   it is proposed to use the chemical-mechanical method as the most effective.
Influence of the plow length on the arable unit productivity
Authors: Boykov Vasiliy Mihaylovich , Startsev Sergey Viktorovich , Pavlov Andrey Vladimirovich , Bashmakov Igor  Andreevich
Published: April 2020

Schemes of acquisition of multi-hull wide-reach arable units in hinged and trailer variants are considered. The calculation of the main kinematic parameters and performance indicators of units with a tractor K-701, with sectional row, layout of the bodies on the frame of the plow. With the classical "plow" arrangement of twelve bodies on the plow frame with a width of 6.0 m, the kinematic length of the hinged unit varies from 2.0 to 12 m depending on the number of sections. With a similar arrangement of the bodies on the frame of the trailer plow, the width of the plow is also 6.0 m, but the kinematic length of the unit varies from 5.0 to 15m. as a result of theoretical studies, graphic dependences of the cyclic productivity of mounted and trailed arable units on the kinematic length of the plow when processing fields of different lengths are established.
SMART MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Patil Ashwini , Jha Swati , Kumari Uma , KS Surekha
Published: April 2020

Municipal Solid Waste generated by India in urban areas is 62 million tonnes.  Only 70% of the total waste is collected and 20% is treated. Most of the solid waste is dumped in landfill sites. This paper targets the reduction in the size of the solid, particularly wet waste. Similar problems have been tackled in other parts of the world. We propose a solution that fits the Indian context. The key idea of Smart Municipal Solid Waste Management system (SMSWM) is to allocate a weekly garbage limit per household in a residential society. The DSS (Decision Support System) designed for this purpose allows the authenticated user to access the smart dustbin. The smart dustbin is equipped with the electronic circuitry where the weight of the garbage in the bin is measured and the value is updated in the database. The database of the families will be created and maintained by the municipality. A web portal gives the involved people and authorities access to the related information. A house is penalized for every kilogram more than the allotted garbage weight limit. Further enhancements are explored. Thus, the residents are incentivized to produce lesser waste.
VALIDATION OF THE H. HOTTEL- R.J. TUCKER METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF A FURNACE IN A THREEBED REGENERATIVE OXIDIZER THAT NEUTRALIZES GASEOUS POLLUTANTS
Authors: Pittas Nicholas , Margaris Dionissios , Georgiou Demos , Grapsa Theodoula
Published: April 2020

This paper investigates the validity of the method of zones proposed by H. Hottel and R. J. Tucker for enclosures with surfaces exposed to significant thermal radiation. The analysis is focused on a specific combustion chamber in a three-bed regenerative oxidizer and calculates the temperatures and the corresponding thermal flux exchanges among the hot wall surfaces of the chamber. The temperature distribution and the initial composition of the gaseous mixture at the inlet plane were assumed known.