bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Emerging Techniques in Sports-Related Concussion
Authors: Brown Joshua C. , Goldszer Isaac M. , Brooks Madison C. , Milano Nicholas J.
Published: March 2023

Sports-related concussion is now in public awareness more than ever before. Investigations into underlying pathophysiology and methods of assessment have correspondingly increased at an exponential rate. In this review, we aim to highlight some of the evidence supporting emerging techniques in the fields of neurophysiology, neuroimaging, vestibular, oculomotor, autonomics, head sensor, and accelerometer technology in the setting of the current standard: clinical diagnosis and management. In summary, the evidence we reviewed suggests that (1) head impact sensors and accelerometers may detect possible concussions that would not otherwise receive evaluation; (2) clinical diagnosis may be aided by sideline vestibular, oculomotor, and portable EEG techniques; (3) clinical decisions on return-to-play eligibility are currently not sensitive at capturing the neurometabolic, cerebrovascular, neurophysiologic, and microstructural changes that biomarkers have consistently detected days and weeks after clinical clearance. Such biomarkers include heart rate variability, quantitative electroencephalography, as well as functional, metabolic, and microstructural neuroimaging. The current challenge is overcoming the lack of consistency and replicability of any one particular technique to reach consensus.
Transitions in Taylor–Couette flow of concentrated non-colloidal suspensions
Authors: Kang Changwoo , Mirbod Parisa
Published: March 2023

Taylor–Couette flow of concentrated non-colloidal suspensions with a rotating inner cylinder and a stationary outer one is numerically investigated. We consider suspensions of the bulk particle volume fraction

ϕ
b

 = 0.2, 0.3 with the ratio of annular gap to the particle radius
ε
 = 60 confined in a cylindrical annulus of the radius ratio (i.e. ratio of inner and outer radii)
η
 = 0.877. Numerical simulations are performed by applying suspension-balance model and rheological constitutive laws. To observe flow patterns caused by suspended particles, the Reynolds number of the suspension, based on the bulk particle volume fraction and the rotating velocity of the inner cylinder, is varied up to 180. At high Reynolds number, modulated patterns undiscovered in the flow of a semi-dilute suspension emerge beyond a wavy vortex flow. Thus, a transition occurs from the circular Couette flow via ribbons, spiral vortex flow, wavy spiral vortex flow, wavy vortex flow and modulated wavy vortex flow for the concentrated suspensions. Moreover, friction and torque coefficients for suspensions are estimated. It turns out that suspended particles significantly enhance the torque on the inner cylinder while reducing friction coefficient and the pseudo-Nusselt number. In particular, the coefficients are reduced in the flow of more dense suspensions.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Taylor–Couette and related flows on the centennial of Taylor’s seminal
Philosophical Transactions
paper (part 2)’.
Arrow-shaped elasto-inertial rotating waves
Authors: Lopez Jose M. , Altmeyer Sebastian A.
Published: March 2023

We present direct numerical simulations of the Taylor–Couette flow of a dilute polymer solution when only the inner cylinder rotates and the curvature of the system is moderate (

η
=
0.77

). The finitely extensible nonlinear elastic-Peterlin closure is used to model the polymer dynamics. The simulations have revealed the existence of a novel elasto-inertial rotating wave characterized by arrow-shaped structures of the polymer stretch field aligned with the streamwise direction. This rotating wave pattern is comprehensively characterized, including an analysis of its dependence on the dimensionless Reynolds and Weissenberg numbers. Other flow states having arrow-shaped structures coexisting with other types of structures have also been identified for the first time in this study and are briefly discussed.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Taylor–Couette and related flows on the centennial of Taylor’s seminal
Philosophical Transactions
paper (part 2)’.
A method of milling force predictions for machining tools based on an improved ARMA model
Authors: Li Yang , Gao Jinke , Zhou Jianing , Zhu Tong , Jiang Zhilei
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Cutting force prediction is pretty important for manufacture management. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to obtain the cutting force of the machining process with high efficiency and low cost. A method based on the improved auto regressive moving average (ARMA) model is proposed for cutting force predictions in milling process.

Design/methodology/approach

First, classification and normalization are made for initial cutting force. Second, the cutting force sequences are compressed followed singular and valid value removed. At last, the improved ARMA model is used for cutting force fit and extrapolation considered the time domain characteristics.

Findings

A series of cutting force with the spindle speed 595r/min is carried out in the research. It is showed that the mean absolute percentage error value of cutting force extrapolation results which is based on the improved model is smaller. The percentage value is approximately 5.80%. Then the root mean square error test value is only 72.49, which is smaller than that with other traditional method, such as hidden Markov model. The extrapolation results with the proposed model performed good consistency and accuracy in terms of peaks, valleys and volatility compared with the experiment results.

Originality/value

The proposed method that is based on the improved ARMA model can be used for cutting force predictions conveniently. And the predictions can be used for improving the qualities in milling process.
Consumption of low pesticides food: implications for producers and policymakers. Results from a multi-attribute analysis
Authors: Ferretti Paola , Petkeviciute Aiste , Zolin Maria Bruna
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study aims to identify different consumer segments to address the strategies that can be adopted by companies and policymakers to increase the consumption of safer foods and reduce the negative externalities caused by pesticides. More than 3,000 consumers were involved in the survey, of which more than 1,000 completed in all parts.

Design/methodology/approach

The complexity of the topic required a multidimensional approach. Therefore, the authors modelled the decision support system by proposing a decision rule-based approach to analyse consumers' food purchasing choices. More precisely, the authors referred to the dominance-based rough set approach (DRSA).

Findings

Based on the DRSA results, three consumer segments were identified: green consumers, integrated pest management (IPM)-informed and active consumers, and potential low-pesticide consumers for which different policy implications have been highlighted.

Research limitations/implications

Despite the high number of survey respondents, further research should seek to obtain data from a more balanced sample. Furthermore, different methods of analysis could be applied and the results compared.

Practical implications

Identification and promotion of managerial and public policies to increase the consumption of low pesticide food.

Social implications

The main social implications can be summarised in the greater knowledge and awareness of the environmental aspects related to food, recognition of the intrinsic quality and/or functionality of food.

Originality/value

The authors contribute to the literature in two ways. First, the authors refer to the DRSA, an innovative approach in the context of consumer analysis. Second, based on the decision rules, the authors identify three consumer segments to which specific tools can be addressed.
How environmental hostility, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are manifested to influence above-average export performance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Isip Marc Immanuel , Baconguis Rowena , Depositario Dinah Pura , Quimbo Maria Ana , Paunlagui Merlyne
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study analyses how latent variables: environmental hostility, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are demonstrated in practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coming from mixed-method research, which is an explanatory sequential research design; this paper aims to provide only the qualitative, practical manifestations and validations of the variables previously tested and analysed quantitatively.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study approach was used whereby open-ended, semi-structured series of interviews was conducted to extract narratives from two owner–managers of medium-scale manufacturer-exporter agro-processing firms in the Philippines. Thematic analysis using deductive reasoning was used to analyse the collected narratives.

Findings

The analysis showed qualitative evidence of a possible intervention of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities between the effects of the hostile environment brought about by the pandemic on the firms’ export performance. In addition, organisational resilience was observed to possibly moderate the relationship between the firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities. Resilience takes time (years) to develop; with an entrepreneurial behaviour, a continuous enhancement and acquisition of resources, capabilities, knowledge reflects a robust and adaptive organisation during adversity.

Social implications

The role of education and research institutions was highlighted in the development of dynamic capabilities of firms. The entrepreneurial resilience, however, reflects the individual characteristic of the owner–managers that manifests in the firm’s overall posture toward the overall goal of protecting the industry from its downfall.

Originality/value

Qualitative evidences composed of direct experiences from key informants served valuable and contextual (Philippine agro-processing industry) validations to the theoretical relationships of variables being analysed.
Women as leaders: the glass ceiling effect on women’s leadership success in public bureaucracies
Authors: Zhang Changzheng , Basha Damto
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Much research has been conducted regarding leadership success challenges. However, few are practically oriented on whether the success of women's leadership aligns to organisational, personal and societal contexts as glass cliffs. Thus, this study aims to examine these factors and introduce how they inhibit women from leadership success.

Design/methodology/approach

This research examined the glass ceiling effects Ethiopian women leaders face. This research focused on adjusted clusters and a survey of 446 female employees from zones, woreda and kebeles. The data was processed through SPSS 25.0 to regress the values.

Findings

Breaking the glass ceiling, the glass cliffs effects on women’s income levels, the lack of an arena for self-improvement, the nature of organisation policies and challenges in teamwork were found to contribute to women’s under-representation in top leadership positions.

Research limitations/implications

The results focused only on the 94 public organisations in Ethiopia that were selected by adjusted cluster sampling.

Practical implications

Realizations of substantial change and refocusing on bringing a significant number of women to the boardrooms in the public bureaucracy, besides glass cliffs.

Social implications

Enhancing the importance of accepting women leaders.

Originality/value

To add value to the stock of literature in gender equality, this research brings a strategic focus on factors that inhibit women from top leadership positions.
Revisiting tax morale: evaluating the acceptability of business- and individual-level non-compliance on participation in undeclared work
Authors: Arezzo Maria Felice , Williams Colin C. , Horodnic Ioana Alexandra , Guagnano Giuseppina
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether the acceptability of different types of business- and individual-level non-compliance has different impacts on the likelihood of participation in undeclared work.

Design/methodology/approach

To evaluate this, data is reported on the EU27 and the UK from the special Eurobarometer survey no. 498, using a novel statistical methodology that deals with two potential sources of bias: sample selection error (avoidance to answer to the question about participation to undeclared work) and misclassification in the response variable (false statements about engagement in undeclared work).

Findings

This reveals the association between tax morale and participation in undeclared work. It shows that citizens find far more unacceptable undeclared work conducted by firms than individuals, but both are significantly associated with participation in undeclared work although the greatest effect is clearly exerted by individual-level tax morale.

Originality/value

This paper uses a methodology that accounts for the potential bias related to sample selection error and misclassification in the response variable of participation in undeclared work and sheds light on different components of tax morale.
The challenging meet between human and artificial knowledge. A systems-based view of its influences on firms-customers interaction
Authors: Saviano Marialuisa , Del Prete Marzia , Mueller Jens , Caputo Francesco
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to recall the attention on a key challenge for customer relationship management related to the role of human agents in the management of the “switch point” for ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency in a customer-machine conversation.

Design/methodology/approach

This study contributes to the discussion about the firms’ approach to artificial intelligence (AI) in frontline interactions under the conceptual umbrella provided by knowledge management studies.

Findings

This paper provides a theoretical model for clarifying the role of human intelligence (HI) in AI-based frontline interactions by highlighting the relevance of the actors’ subjectivity in the dynamics and perceptions of customer-machine conversations.

Originality/value

An AI-HI complementarity matrix is proposed in spite of the still dominant replacement view.
Strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization – exploring managers' technological frames
Authors: Carlsson Linnéa
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study draws on technological frames to provide an understanding of organizational processes of strategizing by exploring how strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization could be understood through managers' perceptions of digital technology applications. This study complements earlier research focused on industry outcomes by addressing technological frames to understand how strategizing organizational capabilities within industrial digitalization may provide insight into socio-cognitive aspects which may affect technology-induced organizational change.

Design/methodology/approach

The single case study uses 14 in-depth interviews collected over two years (October 2020 to February 2022). The study follows an interpretative research design exploring managers' perceptions of industrial digitalization through a digitalization project.

Findings

The case study contributes to research by emphasizing socio-cognitive aspects through technological frames exploring how and why managers' perceptions of industrial digitalization affect strategizing organizational capabilities. The study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views of industrial digitalization. By illustrating how socio-cognitive aspects shape organizational capabilities, this study offers managers valuable insight into the relationship between an organization's capabilities, the individual and the shared structures affecting a digitalization project.

Research limitations/implications

The case study is limited to Swedish manufacturing industries and is not aiming to be transferred or generalized to other industrial contexts or countries.

Originality/value

This study recognizes that strategizing organizational capabilities depends on managers' ability to illuminate the socio-cognitive aspects. Hence, the study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views among managers on the enhancement efforts made using digital technologies.
Life skills for resilient leadership during pandemic times: the current and ancient Indian perspectives
Authors: Bansal Monika , Kapur Surbhi
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Leaders today are continuously seeking models to navigate through the challenges posed by the pandemic times, so as to help the organizations flourish in the volatile business environment. This paper attempts to explore the alignment of insights drawn from the ancient Indian scripture, the Bhagavad Gita, with today’s leadership requirements, towards the betterment of both the leaders and organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach with thematic analysis is used to identify leadership qualities pertinent in difficult times through interviews with 15 employees at leadership positions. It establishes the alignment of the qualities with the sapient advice from the Holy Scripture, maneuvered by today’s leaders to become more purposeful and impactful.

Findings

The discernments from the Bhagavad Gita holistically entwine the emotional, intellectual and spiritual aspects of resilient leaders and provide guidance on the leaders’ attitude towards work, behaviour and self management, to help steer through the challenging environment. With turbulent changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, conventional leadership skills would be outmoded, and hence the leaders need to strengthen the critical shifts in their own established sets of attitudes as well as that of their workforce.

Originality/value

Under the changing work environment, while the new leadership narrative of the world beyond takes shape, this study delves both into ancient Indian wisdom and current opinion to identify a template of workable practices that would differentiate extraordinary leaders from the rest.
Emerging field or passing fashion? A case study of Agile-Stage-Gate model in innovation processes
Authors: Rehder Adriano , Souza João Valsecchi , Marx Roberto , Salerno Mario Sergio
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Agile methods are increasingly being applied in the contexts of innovation beyond traditional information technology (IT) and physical product development projects, such as when process improvements are being implemented. Nevertheless, this phenomenon is still recent and little addressed in the literature, with few descriptions of empirical cases. This study aims to address this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

This multiple case study aims to present and discuss the application of Agile practices embedded in large companies’ innovation value chains, focusing on improvements of business processes. The following research question is pursued: How are large companies applying elements of Agile methods to their innovation processes when implementing incremental improvements in their operational processes? Based on the idea that the Agile-Stage-Gate model is an alternative to this challenge, this study investigates the application of this hybrid model in two large Brazilian companies by presenting their idiosyncrasies, lessons learned, adaptations, challenges and benefits.

Findings

Overall, it was observed that the experience with the application of the Agile-Stage-Gate model is positive for these companies, with better customer engagement, easier project control and increased productivity of the project team.

Originality/value

For those aiming to implement the Agile-Stage-Gate model, this paper identifies the main adaptations made in order to combine the purist approaches and critical success factors for its implementation.
An artificial positive control for routine detection of rose rosette virus and Phyllocoptes fructiphilus that fit most primers for PCR, LAMP and RPA based assays
Authors: Ruschel Rafaela Gomes , Taylor Mason , Ochoa‐Corona Francisco M. , Amirudeen Abdul Kader Jailani , Druciarek Tobiasz , Paret Mathews
Published: March 2023

Rose (Rosa spp.) is a very important ornamental shrub cultivated worldwide and of value for the pharmaceutical industry. The plant is broadly susceptible to pathogens, including viruses. Rose rosette virus (RRV; virus species Emaravirus rosae) causes multiple symptoms typically rosettes, ultimately leading to death. The virus transmission is by grafting and a wind‐dispersed eriophyoid mite, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, which survives in winter‐dormant plants. Due to extensive globalization RRV is a threat for the European rose, landscape, nursery and tourism industries. The most common and reliable method used for RRV detection is RT‐PCR. Positive control is indispensable for PCR reliability and can be difficult to obtain for emerging or highly contagious pathogens and are subject to BSL‐2 quarantine. A synthetic artificial positive control (APC) using custom DNA inserts of sense and anti‐sense primers was designed de novo and inserted in a circular plasmid vector to create a positive control for use with most RRV reported primers and eriophyoid mites. This study describes a functional demonstration and development of a rapid, consistent, adaptable and cost‐effective alternative to infected true‐tissue positive control for detection of RRV. The inserted RRV primers are for end point and quantitative RT‐PCR, reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP), recombinase‐polymerase amplification (RPA), broad detection of emaravirus and the eriophyoid mite vector Phyllocoptes fructiphilus. The APC‐RRV and RRV infected rose (leaf tissue) were tested side to side. Results demonstrated APC‐RRV is a safe, cloneable and reliable approach subjected to quality control with application in quarantine surveillance and routine diagnostics of RRV.
Molecular mechanisms of MrgprA3‐independent activation of the transient receptor potential ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 by chloroquine
Authors: Fricke Tabea C. , Pantke Sebastian , Lüttmann Bjarne , Echtermeyer Frank G. , Herzog Christine , Eberhardt Mirjam J. , Leffler Andreas
Published: March 2023

Background and Purpose

Itch is associated with several pathologies and is a common drug‐induced side effect. Chloroquine (CQ) is reported to induce itch by activating the Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor MrgprA3 and subsequently TRPA1. In this study, we demonstrate that CQ employs at least two MrgprA3‐independent mechanisms to activate or sensitize TRPA1 and TRPV1.

Experimental Approach

Patch clamp and calcium imaging were utilized to examine effects of CQ on TRPA1 and TRPV1 expressed in HEK 293T cells.

Key Results

In calcium imaging, CQ induces a concentration‐dependent but MrgprA3‐independent activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1. Although CQ itself inhibits TRPA1 and TRPV1 in patch clamp recordings, co‐application of CQ and ultraviolet A (UVA) light evokes membrane currents through both channels. This effect is inhibited by the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) and is reduced on mutants lacking cysteine residues accounting for reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitivity. The combination of CQ and UVA light triggers an accumulation of intracellular ROS, removes fast inactivation of voltage‐gated sodium currents and activates TRPV2. On the other hand, CQ is a weak base and induces intracellular alkalosis. Intracellular alkalosis can activate TRPA1 and TRPV1, and CQ applied at alkaline pH values indeed activates both channels.

Conclusion and Implications

Our data reveal novel pharmacological properties of CQ, allowing activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 via photosensitization as well as intracellular alkalosis. These findings add more complexity to the commonly accepted dogma that CQ‐induced itch is specifically mediated by MrgprA3 coupling to TRPA1.
Lesbian and gay individuals' path into foster parenting in Norway—Barriers and facilitators at the person and system levels
Authors: Ådnanes Marian , Thaulow Kristin , Paulsen Veronika , Kaasbøll Jannike
Published: March 2023

Growing numbers of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning (LGBTQ) people are becoming foster parents in several western countries. The LGBTQ perspective on the child welfare system has received little attention in practice, research and policy. Despite their increased rights, LGBTQ foster parents continue to face challenges related to fostering. Knowledge is needed on LGBTQ individual perceptions of the process of becoming foster parents, including barriers and facilitating factors. This paper reports on the experiences of 13 gay or lesbian foster parents in Norway. The study shows a lack of knowledge about the possibility of becoming foster parents due to lack of information directed at them as a minority group. Participants felt vulnerable and experienced “minority stress” before encountering the child welfare system, while mainly experienced the encounter with the staff as good and respectful. Although several valued being treated “like everyone else” by the system, others questioned why LGBTQ‐specific parenting issues were not raised and discussed. Apart from lack of information, the process towards foster parenting seemed mostly hampered by participants' own assumptions that sexual identity would be a barrier and to some extent biological parents' refusal. The study suggests that foster care and child welfare services would benefit from information in recruitment of foster parents, aiming at being more inclusive. Furthermore, we address gender and sexuality diversity related to foster care work and highlight the strengths and challenges it may offer.
S2k Guideline – Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin) – Update 2022
Authors: Becker Jürgen C. , Beer Ambros J. , DeTemple Viola K. , Eigentler Thomas , Flaig Michael , Gambichler Thilo , Grabbe Stephan , Höller Ulrike , Klumpp Bernhard , Lang Stephan , Pföhler Claudia , Posch Christian , Prasad Vikas , Schlattmann Peter , Schneider‐Burrus Sylke , Ter‐Nedden Jan , Terheyden Patrick , Thoms Kai , Vordermark Dirk , Ugurel Selma
Published: March 2023

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC, ICD‐O M8247/3) is a rare, malignant, primary skin tumor with epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation. The tumor cells share many morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features with cutaneous Merkel cells. Nevertheless, the cell of origin of MCC is unclear. MCC appears clinically as a reddish to purple spherical tumor with a smooth, shiny surface and a soft to turgid, elastic consistency, usually showing rapid growth. Spontaneous and often complete regressions of the tumor are observed. These likely immunologically‐mediated regressions explain the cases in which only lymph node or distant metastases are found at the time of initial diagnosis and why the tumor responds very well to immunomodulatory therapies even at advanced stages. Due to its aggressiveness, the usually given indication for sentinel lymph node biopsy, the indication of adjuvant therapies to be evaluated, as well as the complexity of the necessary diagnostics, clinical management should already be determined by an interdisciplinary tumor board at the time of initial diagnosis.
Fortschritte bei der Metabolomik der atopischen Dermatitis: eine systematische Übersicht
Authors: Zhang Lishan , Zeng Yueping , Sun Jinlyu
Published: March 2023

Atopische Dermatitis (AD), eine chronisch‐entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die durch wiederkehrende Ekzeme und starken Juckreiz gekennzeichnet ist, sorgt weltweit für eine erhebliche Krankheitslast. Die Diagnose und Behandlung der AD ist aufgrund der großen Heterogenität der Erkrankung oft schwierig, und ihre genaue Ätiologie ist unbekannt. Die Metabolomik bietet die Möglichkeit, kontinuierliche physiologische und pathologische Veränderungen bei Individuen zu verfolgen. Dies ermöglicht eine genaue Diagnose und Behandlung sowie tiefe Einblicke in die Ätiopathogenese der AD. In den letzten Jahren wurden mehrere metabolomische Studien zur AD veröffentlicht. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, diese Ergebnisse zusammenzufassen und den Wissenschaftlern zu helfen, die rasche Entwicklung der Metabolomik bei der AD zu verstehen.

Es wurde eine umfassende und systematische Suche in den Datenbanken PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library und Web of Science durchgeführt. Nach einer Qualitätsbewertung wurden schließlich sechsundzwanzig Arbeiten in die Untersuchung aufgenommen. Es wurden signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Metabolitenprofilen von Patienten mit AD und gesunden Personen festgestellt.

Diese Studie bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die Metabolomforschung zur AD. Ein besseres Verständnis der Metabolomik der AD könnte zu neuen diagnostischen, prognostischen und therapeutischen Ansätzen führen.
Enhancing diabetes care for the most vulnerable in the 21st century: Interim findings of the National Advisory Panel on Care Home Diabetes (NAPCHD)
Authors: Sinclair A. J. , Bellary S. , Dashora U. , Abdelhafiz A. H. , Rowles S. , Reedman L. , Turner B. , Green M. , Forbes A. , Middleton A. ,   NAPCHD
Published: March 2023

Older adults with diabetes may carry a substantial health burden in Western ageing societies, occupy more than one in four beds in care homes, and are a highly vulnerable group who often require complex nursing and medical care. The global pandemic (COVID‐19) had its epicentre in care homes and revealed many shortfalls in diabetes care resulting in hospital admissions and considerable mortality and comorbid illness. The purpose of this work was to develop a national Strategic Document of Diabetes Care for Care Homes which would bring about worthwhile, sustainable and effective quality diabetes care improvements, and address the shortfalls in care provided. A large diverse and multidisciplinary group of stakeholders (NAPCHD) defined 11 areas of interest where recommendations were needed and using a subgroup allocation approach were set tasks to produce a set of primary recommendations. Each subgroup was given 5 starter questions to begin their work and a format to provide responses. During the initial phase, 16 key findings were identified. Overall, after a period of 18 months, 49 primary recommendations were made, and 7 major conclusions were drawn from these. A model of community and integrated diabetes care for care home residents with diabetes was proposed, and a series of 5 ‘quick‐wins’ were created to begin implementation of some of the recommendations that would not require significant funding. The work of the NAPCHD is ongoing but we hope that this current resource will help leaders to make these required changes happen.
Neglected immunoregulation: M2 polarization of macrophages triggered by low‐dose irradiation plays an important role in bone regeneration
Authors: Chen Shaoqing , Ni Su , Liu Chun , He Mu , Pan Yiwen , Cui Pengfei , Wang Cheng , Ni Xinye
Published: March 2023

Current studies have found that low‐dose irradiation (IR) can promote bone regeneration. However, mechanism studies of IR‐triggered bone regeneration mainly focus on the effects of osteoblasts, neglecting the role of the surrounding immune microenvironment. Here in this study, in vitro proliferation experiments showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy could promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and qRT‐PCR assay showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy could exert the M2 polarization of Raw264.7 cells, while IR >2 Gy inhibited BMSC proliferation and triggered M1 polarization in Raw264.7 cells. The ALP and mineralized nodules staining showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy not only promoted osteoblast mineralization through IR‐triggered osteoblast proliferation but also through M2 polarization of Raw264.7 cells, while high‐dose IR >2 Gy had the opposite effect. The co‐incubation of BMSC with low‐dose IR irradiated Raw264.7 cell supernatants increased the mRNA expression of BMP‐2 and Osx. The rat cranial defects model revealed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy gradually promoted bone regeneration, while high‐dose IR >2 Gy inhibited bone regeneration. Detection of macrophage polarity in peripheral blood samples showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy increased the expression of CD206 and CD163, but decreased the expression of CD86 and CD80 in macrophages, which indicated M2 polarization of macrophages in vivo, while high‐dose IR had the opposite effect. Our finding innovatively revealed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy promotes bone regeneration not only by directly promoting the proliferation of osteoblasts but also by triggering M2 polarization of macrophages, which provided a new perspective for immune mechanism study in the treatment of bone defects with low‐dose IR.
Internet of Things (IoT) in the food fermentation process: A bibliometric review
Authors: Adeleke Ismail , Nwulu Nnamdi , Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji
Published: March 2023

This study investigated available literature on leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize the food fermentation process. Utilizing a subjective examination strategy through bibliometric investigation, this paper assessed 44 articles between 2013 and 2022. The bibliometric study focused on publications per author, publications per country, and a research center based on co‐occurrence keywords, and research patterns. While available publications in this domain show IoT can be used to optimize the fermentation process, uptake has been slow and has been in an infant stage in the past 8 years. The scholarly articles, using the co‐occurrence of keywords, showed five (5) clusters, which are (i) implementing IoT in forecasting the fermentation process to achieve effective quality control, (ii) remotely monitoring and automating the production process to achieve effective process control, (iii) monitoring temperature in real‐time during the fermentation process, (iv) digitally storing parameters during the fermentation process using WLAN, and (v) applying middleware in the processing properties of agricultural produce. These cluster areas revealed how IoT can be used to optimize the food fermentation process. Given the growth and interest in IoT technologies in the food fermentation process, this study explored available literature to highlight available IoT technologies in developing strategies for the food fermentation process and predictive analysis of fermented food products.

Practical applications

Using IoT technologies, manufacturers may optimize their regulatory procedures and product quality by monitoring food fermentation process parameters such as temperature, carbon dioxide, humidity, viscosity, and so on in real‐time. Food manufacturers may also obtain and use these real‐time data for food safety. Some cutting‐edge smart sensors and cloud‐based predictive analytics systems can equally predict stages of the fermentation process and possibly detect challenges along the process.
Financial socialization and financial distress: The role of cognitive and noncognitive abilities
Authors: Zhao Haidong , Zhang Lini , Anong Sophia
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the influence of financial socialization on financial distress and demonstrated the importance of both cognitive and noncognitive ability channels through which this relation operates. Using data from a nationally representative sample of adult US residents, the results showed that adults in the bottom quintile of financial socialization are significantly more likely to experience financial distress than those in the top quintile. We also provide evidence that financial socialization is related to financial distress both directly and indirectly through cognitive ability measures of financial knowledge and financial skills, as well as the noncognitive ability measure of financial self‐control. The findings highlight the importance of financial socialization in familial contexts. Implications for personal finance advocates, financial educators, children and family service providers, and policymakers are discussed.
High‐frequency ultrasonography index in evaluation of pincer nail
Authors: Zhou Qiaochu , Wang Wei , Xu Jie , Chen ZhiWei
Published: March 2023

Background: The measurements of width index, height index, and curvature index were used for assessment of the curvature severity. Nevertheless, both sides of the nail root are buried subcutaneously, impossibility in measuring the width index correctly.

Materials and Methods: We developed a technique to measure the index under high‐frequency ultrasonography (HF‐USG).

Results: There was good agreement between the HF‐USG index and the result examined after surgery.

Conclusion: The observation on HF‐USG helps to distinguish between ingrown nail and pincer nail. The HF‐USG index will be useful in the examination and measurement of nail roots buried subcutaneously or nail penetration under the hypertrophic lateral nail fold, and comparing the effectiveness among treatments for pincer nail objectively.
Understanding Meaning From Online Advertisement Through Semantics Analysis of Slang (SAOS): A Case on Semantics
Authors: Niswa Khairun , Hastianah Hastianah , Herman Herman , Fatmawati Endang , Saputra Nanda , Mukmin Mukmin
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to analyze the types and dominant types of semantic meaning of slang word in online advertisement. This research is to explain about various kinds of semantic meaning of slang that used in online advertisement. The phenomenon of slang, especially in online advertisement, has became a trend or style of speech in society. As part of everyday communication, it is always found in human daily conversation. The advertiser used slang language in the online advertisement to catch or attracting millenial generation attention. This research uses qualitative descriptive method. The data from this study are all utterances that consists of 12 selected online advertisement. Semantics (the study of meaning) theory proposed by Leech is used to examine the data utilizing the seven categories of meaning (1983). Seven different categories of meaning are used to categorize the data: denotative, connotative, social, affective, reflective, collocative, and thematic meanings. As a result, five different sorts of meaning have been identified: denotative, connotative, social, affective, and reflective. Online advertisements primarily use denotative meaning.
One-compartment stochastic pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Cano Macias Ricardo , Jiménez Moscoso José Alfredo , Ruiz Vera Jorge Mauricio
Published: March 2023

In this work, we consider a pharmacokinetic (PK) model with first-order drug absorption and first-order elimination that represent the concentration of drugs in the body, including both the absorption and elimination parts, and we also add a random factor to describe the variability between patients and the environment. Using Itô’s lemma and the Laplace transform, we obtain the solutions in integral form for a single and constant dosage regimen in time. Moreover, formulas for the expected value and the variance for each case of study are presented, which allows the statistical assessment of the proposed models, as well as predicting the ideal path of drug concentration and its uncertainty. These results are important in the long-term analysis of drug concentration and the persistence of therapeutic level. Further, a numerical method for the solution of the stochastic differential equation (SDE) is introducedand developed.
GCP-HOLO: Generating High-Order Linkage Graphs for Path Synthesis
Authors: Fogelson Mitchell B. , Tucker Conrad , Cagan Jonathan
Published: March 2023

One degrees-of-freedom (1DOF) linkages are persistent in mechanical systems. However, designing linkages to follow a desired path, known as path synthesis, is challenging due to non-linearities, combinatorial nature, and strict geometric constraints. Current state-of-the-art algorithms cannot scale well to linkages with higher-order linkage graphs, which are required to satisfy more complicated paths for new mechanical systems, such as hopping and flying robots. One reason for this is that state-of-the-art algorithms spend the majority of the time exploring constraint-violating designs. This work uses an Assur group 0DOF linkage as a graph grammar rule to modify both linkage graph and spatial parameters, ensuring all designs are valid 1DOF linkages. Using this graph grammar, this paper formulates linkage path synthesis as a tree search and uses a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent to search the space of kinematically feasible planar 1DOF linkages. This paper introduces a method using a graph convolution policy for high-order linkage graph optimization (GCP-HOLO). An anytime algorithm, GCP-HOLO outputs linkages with 1–8 loops (4–16 bars) efficiently. When comparing the GCP-HOLO formulation to a recent state-of-the-art paper that solves a mixed integer conic program, GCP-HOLO generates sets of solutions of varying linkage complexities to eight test trajectories in a quarter of the time. Extending GCP-HOLO with a global node optimization, such as covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy, the results quickly converge to finding better solutions for 4/8 tests, with the whole pipeline capable of a 13X speed increase.
Navigating a New Normal: Perceptions and Experiences of an Online Exercise Program for Older Adults During COVID-19
Authors: Galway Sarah C. , Laird Meghan H.D. , Dagenais Matthieu , Gammage Kimberley L.
Published: March 2023

Online exercise programming has surged in popularity; however, little is known about older adults’ perceptions and experiences of online exercise. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine older adults’ (aged 59–82 years) experiences and perceptions of an online exercise program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nineteen individuals (individuals who used the online exercise program and those who did not) completed a semistructured interview. Three main themes were generated from the data using reflexive thematic analysis: (a) can online exercise really work for older adults? (b) technology attitudes and experiences influence online participation, and (c) barriers and advantages of the online exercise program and the home environment. Most participants who took part were able to overcome initial barriers through technical support and experience. Our findings highlight ways to promote advantages and address barriers of online exercise for older adults and emphasize the importance of fostering social experiences and training online exercise instructors.
Field-induced magnetic phases in a qubit Penrose quasicrystal
Authors: Lopez-Bezanilla Alejandro , Nisoli Cristiano
Published: March 2023

Unveiling the fundamental dynamics of naturally or artificially formed magnetic quasicrystals in the presence of an external magnetic field remains a difficult problem that may have implications for the design of information processing devices. By embedding a qubit magnetic Penrose quasicrystal into a quantum annealer, we were able to reproduce the formation of magnetic phases driven by specific physical parameter selections, allowing us to distinguish a wide range of frustrated magnetic configurations at the single-spin scale. In our experiments, we observe some spins dynamically activate, while others remain static, all within an average magnetization space defined by competing structural and magnetic degrees of freedom. Static spin structure factors reveal ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic modulations that are compatible with a variety of spin textures. This research demonstrates that introducing structural aperiodicity in magnetic devices that exploit spin degeneracy in a single, richly intraconnected finite object can enable the engineering of quantum states in both the effective low-temperature and thermally excited regimes.
Pd/Xu-Phos-catalyzed asymmetric elimination of fully substituted enol triflates into axially chiral trisubstituted allenes
Authors: Han Jie , Liu Siyuan , Wang Huanan , Wang Jie , Qian Hui , Li Zhiming , Ma Shengming , Zhang Junliang
Published: March 2023

The β-H elimination, as one of the most important elementary reactions in transition metal chemistry, is a key step in quenching the carbon-palladium bond for the Heck reaction. However, the β-H elimination of the alkenyl palladium species leading to allene is an energetically unfavored process, and therefore, it has been a long-standing challenge in control of this process via enantioselective manner. We developed a concise and efficient methodology to construct trisubstituted chiral allenes from stereodefined fully substituted enol triflates by the enantioselective β
-
H elimination of the alkenyl palladium species under mild conditions. The identified
Xu-Phos
play a crucial role in the chemoselectivity and enantioselectivity. Multiple linear regression analysis shows the important steric effect on enantioselectivity. DFT computation results allow us to propose an intramolecular base (
−
OAc)–assisted deprotonation mechanism for this progress. Distortion-interaction and energy decomposition analysis indicate that the difference in electrostatic energy (
E
elec
) of the two intramolecular base-assisted deprotonation transition states dominates the stereoselectivity.
Synchronization and oscillation quenching in coupled three nonidentical Lorenz oscillators
Authors: Zhu Hongwei , Dai Qionglin , Li Haihong , Yang Junzhong
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we introduce the heterogeneity in the parameter [Formula: see text] to three coupled Lorenz oscillators and investigate the effects of parameter heterogeneity on the coupling dynamics. In the presence of parameter heterogeneity, the complete synchronous state is replaced by lag synchronous state which owns the largest Lyapunov exponent exactly the same as that of the complete synchronous chaos. We find two types of oscillation quenching states induced by the parameter heterogeneity, homogeneous nontrivial equilibria and heterogeneous equilibria. In the homogeneous nontrivial equilibria, all oscillators fall onto a same nontrivial equilibrium of the isolated Lorenz oscillator, which requires low coupling strength. Depending on the coupling function, the heterogeneous equilibria may appear at intermediate coupling strength or large coupling strength. We numerically show that the transitions among lag synchronous state and different types of quenching states are always discontinuous ones. The stability diagram of the lag synchronous chaos is presented theoretically, which is compatible with those based on the synchronization error and Lyapunov exponents.
Standard model measurements at the LHC
Authors: Azzurri Paolo
Published: March 2023

The LHC data provide the opportunity to carry out a staggering extent of diverse verifications of the Standard Model predictions, covering processes with assorted final states and spanning several orders of magnitude in cross-section. A brief and condensed overview of LHC proton collision results in the domains of electroweak and strong interactions is given in this paper. These results have remarkably advanced the frontier of stringent tests of the Standard Model theory predictions, indicating in turn the challenges and the need for improvements in models and calculations. On the other hand, Standard Model measurements also offer the opportunity for a comprehensive and unbiased search for new physics effects, to be effectively pursued also with the future LHC data.
Squeezing the free scalar ground state
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhou Yao , Evslin Jarah
Published: March 2023

Consider two free Hamiltonians for the same scalar field with two different masses. We find a squeeze operator which maps the ground state of one to the other. The operator is described in both the Dirac and also the Schrödinger wave functional formalisms for quantum field theory. We conjecture that this construction can be generalized to obtain operators which map between distinct topological sectors in the same theory.