bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxoborates of the ludwigite group: Natural and mineral-like compounds as prospective materials
Authors: Biryukov Ya. P. , Zinnatullin A. L. , Bubnova R. S. , Vagizov F. G. , Shablinskii A. P. , Filatov S. K. , Pekov I. V.
Published: May 2024

Research subject. Natural oxoborates of the ludwigite group, including azoproite, ludwigite, and vonsenite. Their empirical formulas based on five oxygen atoms have the following form: azoproite (Mg1.81Fe2+0.19)∑2.00(Fe3+0.36Ti0.26Mg0.26Al0.12)∑1.00 O2(BO3), ludwigite (Mg1.69Fe2+0.30Mn2+0.01)Σ2.00(Fe3+0.90Al0.07Mg0.02Sn0.01)Σ1.00O2(BO3) and vonsenite (Fe2+1.86Mg0.13)∑1.99 (Fe3+0.92Mn2+0.05Sn4+0.02Al0.02)∑1.01O2(BO3). Aim. To establish the relationship between the composition, crystal structure, and thermal behavior (293–1373 K) of the minerals. Materials and methods. Ludwigite was collected at the Iten’yurginskoe tin skarn deposit; vonsenite was collected at the Titovskoe magnesium-skarn boron deposit; azoproite was collected at magnesian skarns of the Tazheran alkaline massif. The methods of single crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-temperature X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and thermal analysis were used. Results. Low-charge cations (Fe2+, Fe2.5+, Mg2+) tend to occupy the M(1)–M(3) sites, and high-charge cations (Fe3+, Al3+, Ti4+, Sn4+) generally occupy the M(4) site. Azoproite is characterized by the highest melting temperature Tm > 1650 K. Due to the low Fe2+ content, azoproite does not undergo solid-phase decomposition across the investigated temperature range. The melting point of ludwigite exceeds 1582 K, which is due to the high Mg content; as a result of the Fe2+ → Fe3+ oxidation, it gradually decomposes with the formation of hematite, warwickite, and magnetite. The temperatures of oxidation and solid-phase decomposition in the Fe2+-rich vonsenite are approximately 100 K lower than those in ludwigite. The melting point of vonsenite is 1571 K. All the minerals are characterized by a weak degree of thermal expansion anisotropy. The main contribution to the thermal expansion anisotropy is due to the preferred orientation of the [BO3]3– triangles. Conclusions. The thermal properties of the oxoborates depend on their chemical composition. It was established that Tm increases with an increase in the Mg and Ti4+ content, and decreases with an increase in the Fe2+ content. The Fe2+ → Fe3+ oxidation is observed when the FeO component in the minerals exceeds 10 wt %, which leads to the solid-phase decomposition starting at temperatures of about 500–600 K. The values of the 293KαV volume thermal expansion of ludwigite and azoproite are comparable, while the largest values were observed for vonsenite. This is associated with the largest average bond lengths, primarily those of 6.
Copper and zinc isotopic variations in Ni-Cu-PGE ores of the Noril’sk Province (Russia)
Authors: Malitch K. N. , Badanina I. Yu. , Soloshenko N. G. , Sluzhenikin S. F.
Published: May 2024

Research subject. Mineral assemblages of sulfides from massive and disseminated sulfide nickel-copper-platinum-group element (Ni-Cu-PGE) and low-sulfide PGE ores of the Noril’sk Province, which hosts the richest complex deposits of platinum-group metals, nickel, and copper. Aim. In order to identify sources of ore material and explore new forecasting approaches for Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, we study the Cu- and Zn isotopic compositions of sulfides from economic Kharaelakh and Noril’sk-1 intrusions containing unique and large sulphide Ni-Cu-PGE deposits (Oktyabr’sk and Noril’sk-1, respectively), subeconmic Zub-Marksheider and Vologochan intrusions containing small- to medium-size Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, and non-economic Nizhny Talnakh and Nizhny Noril’sk intrusions containing low grade disseminated Ni-Cu mineralization. Results. The analyzed samples are characterized by sulfide mineral assemblages, which contain mainly chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, troilite, cubanite, and galena. Sulfide Ni-Cu-PGE ores of the Oktyabr’sk and Noril’sk-1 deposits, associated with economic intrusions (i.e., Kharaelakh and Noril’sk-1), demonstrate distinct δ65Cu values from –2.42 to –1.40‰ and from –0.33 to 0.60‰, respectively, which differ from the δ65Cu values for sulfides from other Ni-Cu-PGE deposits and ore occurrences of the Noril’sk Province (data comprise 36 analyses). We note that the Cu-isotopic composition for sulfide minerals of massive and disseminated ores from the Kharaelakh intrusion has similar “isotope-light” characteristics. The most pronounced shift towards “isotope-heavy” copper was found in the horizon of low-sulfide PGE ores of the Noril’sk-1 intrusion (δ65Cu = 0.51–0.60‰). The isotopic composition of Zn (δ66Zn) for the studied sulfide samples from economic, subeconomic, and non-economic intrusions, with the exception of one sample (0.73 ± 0.14‰), is characterized by similar “isotope-light” values (from –0.65 to –0.03‰). Conclusions. The revealed variations in the Cu- and Zn-isotopic composition in the studied sulfide assemblages from all types of ores reﬂect their primary characteristics; however, for the unique Oktyabr’sk Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, characterized by the most “isotopically light” composition of copper (δ65Cu = –1.9 ± 0.34‰), the possibility of assimilation of an external source of Cu during the formation of sulfide Ni-Cu-PGE ores cannot be excluded. The combined use of Cu and Zn isotopic parameters proved to be a weakly informative predictive indicator for the detection of high-grade sulfide ores, primarily due to the similarity of the Zn isotopic composition of the ore material in all investigated intrusions of the Noril’sk Province.
Reedmergnerite and stillwellite-(Ce) from the Dara-i-Pioz alkaline massif: insights into high-temperature behavior of borosilicates
Authors: Kaneva E. V. , Belozerova O. Yu. , Radomskaya T. A. , Shendrik R. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Research subject. Reedmergnerite and stillwellite-(Ce) were obtained from the rocks of the Dara-i-Pioz alkaline massif located on the southern slope of the Alai Range in Tajikistan, which is characterized by the presence of rare mineral species including borosilicates and lithium minerals. Aim. To investigate the thermal behavior of reedmergnerite and stillwellite-(Ce) using high-temperature X-ray diffraction, including the determination of phase transition temperatures and expansion/compression of the unit cell parameters, as well as the calculation of thermal expansion coefficients. Materials and methods. Chemical analysis was performed using a TESCAN MIRA 3 microscope (EDS mode) and a JEOL JXA-8230 electron probe microanalyzer (WDS mode). High-temperature powder X-ray diffraction data were collected using a D8 ADVANCE Bruker diffractometer with an HTK16 heating chamber, covering temperatures from 30°C to 750°C in ambient air. Results. The thermal expansion coefficients of reedmergnerite and stillwellite-(Ce) were determined. Heating reedmergnerite resulted in slight changes in the unit cell parameters, with the parameter c experiencing the smallest change and the parameter a showing the greatest increase. The unit cell volume increased by 1.8% when heated to 750°C and returned to its initial value upon cooling. When stillwellite-(Ce) is heated in the temperature range of 400–450°C, a phase transition occurs, which is confirmed by previously recorded temperature values. The conducted heating and subsequent cooling experiments revealed that the volume and unit cell parameters of stillwellite-(Ce) did not fully revert to their original values. Conclusions. The coefficients of thermal expansion tensor (αij) of rhodmerdgnertite and stillwellite-(Ce) were investigated as a function of temperature using high-temperature in-situ experiments. The phases exhibited relatively low values of thermal expansion parameters compared to the general data for feldspars and borosilicates obtained from literature. These findings contribute to the understanding of the thermoelastic behavior of this group of minerals and their potential applications in various fields.
Manual práctico del odio de Ferréz: los residuos en el submundo de la favela
Authors: Villegas Cabrera Olivia Margarita
Published: May 2024

This article analyzes the work Manual Prático do ódio by Ferréz in the light of some theories that deal with what is relegated to the margins. The aim is to demonstrate that in Ferréz's work all the characters, in their situation of marginalized subjects, show the condition of human waste, being both lagging victims of economic progress and victims of stigmas and diatribes manifested by hierarchically superior beings. The research considers Zygmunt Bauman's concept of human waste as its backbone, an approach that is intertwined with secondary sources (Butler, Lipovetsky, Lynch, Paugam, Silva-Santisteban, Wacquant) referring to other forms and dimensions of marginality.
Reescribir para descodificar: traducción radicante en El libro de Tamar de Tamara Kamenszain y Tratado de arqueología peruana de Roberto Zariquiey
Authors: Pulido Hernández Claudia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to unveil the gesture of rewriting as an exercise of sign translation, which is presented as one of the territories of radicant writing in the works El libro de Tamar by Tamara Kamenszain and Tratado de arqueología peruana by Roberto Zariquiey. For this purpose, it has been decided to guide the research through a comparative literary study of the corpus, which is achieved based on the definition offered by Nicolas Bourriaud on contemporary art in his book The Radicant (2009). In these works we identify an incursion into that “translation-oriented modernity” that Bourriaud himself proposes, since the acts of appropriation that are developed constitute a translation of past voices, which help to clear the signs of previous passages that are contained in hermetic archives, in order to build the present from them.
Res Ipsa Loquitur y su aplicación en materia de responsabilidad civil médica en Colombia
Authors: Páez Sierra Iván Mauricio
Published: May 2024

En los procesos de responsabilidad civil médica en Colombia es frecuente que el demandante encuentre dificultad para probar los elementos que la estructuran: hecho, daño y nexo causal, pues encuentra obstáculos al entregar evidencias que demuestren que el acto médico no se llevó a cabo conforme a la Lex Artis. Con el fin de reducir tal dificultad probatoria se crearon mecanismos como la doctrina Res Ipsa Loquitur. Por ese motivo, el presente trabajo abordará dicha doctrina para determinar, a partir de un análisis jurisprudencial y doctrinario, cuál es su noción, elementos y la forma como se ha aplicado en materia de responsabilidad civil médica en Colombia.
Insecticidal Efficiency of Some Pesticides Against Spodoptera Frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: M.S. Bakry Moustafa , A. Gad Mohamed
Published: May 2024

The "fall armyworm," also known as Spodoptera frugiperda, is a maize pest that is native to North America. It invaded Africa in 2019 and caused serious economic damage, forcing the continent's nations to take swift action to protect off this new invading pest. In Egypt, a variety of chemical insecticides were promoted, but farmers quickly and repeatedly reported control failures. Fall armyworm samples were collected from five different maize-growing regions. Five widely available pesticide formulations: emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, methomyl, and chlorpyriphos were tested under laboratory conditions against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae. The results demonstrated that S. frugiperda second-instar larvae were more vulnerable to all tested pesticides than fourth-instar larvae. Under laboratory circumstances, the LC50 values for the various substances were 0.090, 0.165, 0.243, 0.908, and 2.55 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, the insecticide emamectin benzoate was more effective than other pesticides. However, chlorpyriphos pesticide was the least harmful insecticide for controlling this bug. To determine how well these treatments perform against this pest, further trials are required.
The Abundance of Mosquito Larval Species (Diptera: Culicidae) and the Physicocemical Characteristics of Their Habitat in Rice Field at Dramaga Sub-District, Bogor Regency
Authors: Novianto Dimas , Alya Syifa , Kesumawati Hadi Upik
Published: May 2024

This study aims to identify the species diversity, density, and their distribution and analyze mosquito larvae' habitat's physicochemical characteristics in the Dramaga sub-district, Bogor Regency rice fields.. This research used purposive sampling method by taking samples from 92 breeding site in four villages of Dramaga district. The physicochemical characteristics of larval habitats, including pH, temperature, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were measured in the field. Breeding site are marked using a Garmin Montana 680 GPS for further processing. Larvae were collected and identified until species level. The result showed Anopheles vagus, An. barbirostris, An. indefinitus, Culex. vishnui, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. sitiens, Cx. hutchinsoni, and Armigeres sp. were found in the rice fields of Dramaga district. The highest diversity and density of larvae was found in Cikarawang Village. The highest relative abundance of mosquitoes larvae were An. vagus and Cx. vishnui. The physicochemical characteristics of larval habitats such as pH, TDS, and EC, had no correlation with the larval abundance, however the temperature of larval habitat had a negative correlation between temperature and larval density.
VOICES OF RESILIENCE: REFLECTIONS OF UKRAINIAN SOCIAL WORKERS IN TIMES OF WAR
Authors: STOLIARYK Olha , SEMIGINA Tetyana
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the challenges and adaptations faced by social workers in Ukraine in response to the full-scale Russian invasion that began in February 2022. Employing a narrative research design, the article analyzes semi-structured interviews with 12 social workers from various regions of Ukraine, conducted during February-March 2024. These interviews aimed to collect in-depth personal recollections and experiences related to the impact of the war on social work practice. From the analysis of the gathered information, three key themes were identified: (1) reactions to the onset of the full-scale invasion and actions of social workers; (2) the manifestation of resilience by social institution workers in wartime; (3) lessons and prospects.
The interviews revealed that, in wartime conditions, social workers face unprecedented difficulties, including the loss of documents by clients during evacuation, an increase in the number of vulnerable individuals, and risks to their own lives and health. Despite this, they demonstrate remarkable dedication to their mission, adapting to changing circumstances and continuing to provide essential support and assistance.
The article examines how the military conflict affects the practice of social work, highlighting innovative approaches and adaptation strategies. Special attention is given to the need for developing standardized procedures for crisis situations, the importance of international cooperation and experience exchange, and the role of technology in supporting effective social work.
Given the overall situation, the article offers recommendations for the further development and strengthening of the social work system in Ukraine. In particular, it emphasizes the necessity of preparing social workers for wartime conditions, including training in self-help and self-recovery techniques, engaging communities in mutual support, and the importance of optimistic hope and faith in the future as critical components of resilience.
أثرُ تغيّر حركة عين الفعل الثلاثي دلاليًا ووظيفيًا (دراسة في معجم الوسيط)
Authors: غسان سليمان مريم
Published: May 2024

من أبرز خصائص اللغة العربية التي ورثتها عن أرومتها السامية هو مجيء كلماتها على ثلاثة أصول من الحروف، وهذا العدد من الحروف الأصول مناسب من جهة البناء , فلا هو بالقليل الضائق عن جمالية اللفظ وإمكانية التنويع فيه ولا هو بالطويل الثقيل لفظًا المتكلّف إنشاءً, وشأنه شأن الأسماء وقعت  أغلب الأفعال في العربية ثلاثية البناء, وقد يجيء الجذر اللغوي الواحد على ثلاث صيغ ( فعَل وفعِل و فعُل) , أي بفتح العين و بكسرها وضمها ولهذا التغير في حركة العين أثر في تعيين باب الفعل و وظيفته النحوية ودلالته المعجمية , مثل الجذر : ( أ ج ن) يجيء منه (أجَنَ وأجِنَ وأجُنَ), ولتكرار هذه الحالة  اخترت أن تكون الجذور اللغوية الواحدة التي تأتي على (فعَل وفعِل وفعُل ) موضوعا للدراسة , وأن يكون المعجم الوسيط ميدانا للبحث ؛ لدقة مواده وضبطها ولكونه معجما رصينا جامعًا ؛ فقد أشرف على إصداره مجمع اللغة العربية بالقاهرة .
The impact of physical geography factors on the division of Kurdish language – taking the dialect of Surchi tribe as example
Authors: Esmael Faris Ali , Farhad Atif Abdullh
Published: May 2024

The title of our research is about (The impact of physical geography factors on the division of Kurdish language – taking the dialect of Surchi tribe as  example).  In this study, we will try to highlight the physical geography factors which can divide a language into several dialects, there are similar factors that divided the Kurdish language into four main dialects, each of which is divided into several sub-dialects, we will also try to focus on a physical geography factor which is the Great Zab River in the territory of ​​the Surchi tribe, which has made the population belonging to the tribe on both sides of the river, although whose main language is Kurdish, their speech styles may differ in terms of language levels, and these distinctions are more noticed by linguists.
     In this research, we have done several field visits and interviews with villagers of some villages belonging to the Surchi tribe on both sides of the Great Zab River. After researching and interviewing in these areas, we decided to take two villages as samples of our research, each of which is different in terms of physical geography and speech styles. Zerav village is located on the bank of a river on the right side of the Great Zab, while Kalakin village is located on the left bank of the Great Zab. This study is divided into three main parts: First part concerns Kurdish Language and its dialects, second part is about physical geography factors on division of the Kurdish language, third part presents Surchi tribe, it describes the geographical boundaries of Surchi tribe, then analyzes the speech style of Surchi tribe in general and identifies the phonemes of both villages (Kalakin Sarchia) and (Zerav) in particular, then compare them with each other in terms of phonology.
Impoliteness Strategies in The Daily Show (TDS)
Authors: Wahab Atheer Ibraheem , Ahmed Muhammed Badeaꞌ
Published: May 2024

This research focuses on identifying the impoliteness strategies used by the host Trevor Noah in The Daily Show and explaining the purposes of the most frequently used strategy. It also aims at analyzing Trevor Noah’s utterances that use impoliteness strategies proposed by Jonathan Culpeper (1996 / 2005). According to the findings of this research, Trevor's total impoliteness utterances are (19), which encompass four impoliteness strategies outlined by Culpeper: bald on record impoliteness, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and sarcasm or mock politeness. It also shows that negative impoliteness is the most commonly employed strategy. It recurs (10) times and accounts for (52.631%) of the total strategies within the data. Trevor employs it as a strategy to delight the audience. He usually employs 'condescend, despise, scorn, belittle or ridicule' negative impoliteness sub-categories to create laughter and amuse (entertain) the audience by providing them the pleasure of hearing someone being mocked, ridiculed, scorned or belittled.
The Impact of Sticky Note Strategy on Students' Vocabulary
Authors: Ahmed Zireen Jabbar , Saleh Madeha Saif Aldeen
Published: May 2024

The current study aims at investigating the effect of sticky note strategy in developing vocabulary at Al- Sulaymaniyah University.To achieve the aims of this study, a hypotheses is assumed to be that there is no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of experimental group in pre- and post-performance tests .A sample of sixty two students from the second stage at Al- Sulaymaniyah University were randomly selected to carry out the study's aims and validate its hypotheses. The two groups are divided evenly, with group (A) being the experimental group consisting of (31) students who have been instructed using sticky note strategy. Group (B) stands for the control group consisting of (31) students who have received traditional instruction. Making a pre and post achievement test, both groups have been equalized in such variables such as educational level of parents, English scores achievement in preceding year, and the pre-test of both groups. A posttest is made up of two oral questions and three written questions. The dependability coefficient has been validated using the Alpha-Cronbach method. A statistical study of the items has been done to determine the discrimination power and level of difficulty for each item. As a result, the post-test has been administered to the full sample. The formula for "the T-test of two independent and paired samples' has been employed to statistically analyze the data acquired from the post-test results.  There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group by using the sticky note strategy. Appropriate recommendations and suggestion for future research are made in light of the study's results and conclusions.
Charles Dickens' Hard Times and The Philosophy of Utilitarian Education
Authors: Mahmood Wisam Shukur , Khalaf Luhaib Hamid
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the Utilitarian Philosophy in education that appeared in Charles Dickens' "Hard Times" during the industrial revolution. This paper aims to show the outcome of the Utilitarian Education Style taught by Mr. Gradgrind in his model school and to prove how this philosophy ends up with fail. Charles Dickens is trying to show that one of the dark sides of that the industrial revolution is more towards the logic of mind than the logic of heart, so in this case the greed of the people to wealth at that time is very clear. Charles Dickens assent a subject matter of utilitarianism, along with education and industry. Utilitarianism is the idea that something is morally proper if it assist a popular of people. It is a rule concern nothing but facts and leaves no area for creativity or thoughts. Dickens arrange for figurative models of this utilitarianism in Hard Times by using Mr. Thomas Gradgrind, one of the main characters in the book, who has a tough confidence in utilitarianism. This paper is a sarcasm to the philosophy of (Only Facts) by Mr. Gradgrind in his model school which is not based on the morals of the actual education organization.
Existence in the novel " God’s Guardians " by Ata Mohammed
Authors: Arif Ashti Hussein
Published: May 2024

This paper is entitled (existence in the novel " God’s Guardians " by Ata Mohammed) ،We have tried to illustrate human existence through examples taken from the novel. as a manifestation of life , By making man's existence in the world appear as an original or non-original Being, in order to determine his nature. He is responsible for this himself, so he always lives with worry. The research was conducted in the light of methodology (analytical praise).
The research consists of two parts. The first part consists of two topics. The first topic presents the concept and term of existence, while the second topic discusses the types of existence. The second part consists of two themes: the first theme is a brief description of the novel, and the second theme is an attempt to compare the types of existence among the " God’s Guardians.
The Situation of Using Kurdish Language in the Law Department at Kurdistan Universities
Authors: Hassan Hazhar Khudadad
Published: May 2024

More than one language of instruction can be discerned in the higher education system of the Kurdistan Region. In the colleges and departments of pure and applied sciences, the programmes are taught in English or a mixture of  English and Kurdish. However, Kurdish is not yet fully relied on in colleges and departments of  humanities and social sciences. That is, in some departments and colleges, it is still assumed that the Arabic language is dominant in the learning process. The main aim of this study is to determine the level of use of Kurdish as a medium of instruction in law departments at Kurdistan Region universities. Additionally, to understand the effects of the Kurdishization of education in the law department on the learning process and to unveil the obstacles facing the process of  Kurdishization of  programmes and teaching, specialised subjects in the law department at the universities of the Kurdistan Region.
 The research is descriptive and relies on a survey method to obtain the opinions of 103 students of both genders (male and female) in different stages of the Department of Law at the University of Garmian during the second semester of the academic year (2022-2023).
 This research has reached several concluding points, chief among them being that the language used in the student-related activities is Kurdish, while in the teacher-related tasks, Arabic is mainly used. Kurdishization of the law in the law department will also have several positive effects on the learning process, including making students feel comfortable, reducing their level of fear and anxiety, and enabling them to participate in questions, answers, scientific discussions, and classroom activities. Meanwhile, the study found that there are several obstacles to the process of Kurdishization of the curriculum and teaching of law departments in universities, including the lack of a legal curriculum in Kurdish and an underestimation of the capacity of the Kurdish language dictionary for conveying and teaching legal subjects.
Computational linguistics and its role in the Kurdish language Orthography and voice as a model
Authors: Raheem Gulstan Muhammad , Muhammad Dara Hamid
Published: May 2024

Today information technology has permeated all aspects of life One of the aspect which is directly affected and under hegemony of technology is language, since language is the most important means of communication, and the whole human society communicate and understand each other through language. With any changes and develops (progress) of life society language changes and progresses parallels, this why technology reflected in language
Rather, a special branch of language has emerged is computer language that works on the coordination between computer and language progress The content of this research discuss( focus on) the beginnings of this kind of linguistics( language) and its role in Orthography  and phopnology in kurdish language
(The concept of nihilism and its reflection in Kurdish poetry of Sorani dialect)( Hashim Saraj )for example
Authors: Abdullah Shwana Noori
Published: May 2024

The current research is an attempt to interpret the concept of nihilism from the ancient Greek era to the postmodern era from different perspectives. The study sheds light on nihilism from the perspectives of ancient Greek philosophy and the western world in general and the reflections of modern philosopher Schopenhauer on this topic. The research describes and explains the reflection of nihilism in kurdish classic, modern, and postmodern poetry. The purpose of the study is also to show the differences and similarities of nihilism from Western perspective to the Middle Eastern perspective by referencing several poets. It is a fact that this context is more influenced by social norms, religious beliefs, and culture. The study also analyses the poems of Hashim Saraj as a modern poet. As a poet, Saraj is influenced by the intellectual waves of enlightenment movement. Although he has a large number of poems about pessimism and despair, he could not neglect the impacts of his culture in his poetry. However, Sarah's pessimism is to reflect a positive aspect rather than a negative one.
Achieving Equal Authenticity in Translating Legal Texts
Authors: Mohammad Ammar Farhan , Al-Badrany Yasir Younis
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates the concept of "Equal Authenticity in Legal Translation" and explores the nature, strategies, and skills crucial for translators to successfully produce such equally authentic texts from English –Arabic or vice versa. The focus of this study is on the significant features that constitute legal texts, providing an examination of various categories of legal documents prevalent in diverse contexts. Through a detailed descriptive analysis, the paper illustrates the noteworthy effectiveness of these categories and demonstrates how legal translators can apply their skills to address challenges inherent in legal translation. The paper elucidates the complexities of this demanding task and outlines the fundamental perspectives required by translators to enhance their performance in legal translation, ensuring the production of equally authentic texts.
Sexual Assault as a Colonial Ideology to Annihilate the Iraqi National Identity in Rasha Fadhil's Ishtar in Baghdad
Authors: Yousif Marwan Khaleel
Published: May 2024

Regardless of the outcome of events consequently, a person's identity throughout conflicts and wars has a lasting effect on the psyche of a nation, leaving a legacy of trauma, suffering, and sorrow. A nation's psychological and symbolic components, such as the identity of those impacted, their process of healing, and their sympathy for the deceased, are also affected by these wounds, in addition to its physical assets, such as its buildings, artefacts, and natural landscapes. Rasha Fadhil in her dramatic text Ishtar in Baghdad employed the Iraqi mythology to highlight the importance of Iraq's historical culture to its national identity. This study investigates the role of the Iraqi mythology in exposing US forces practices to erasure Iraq cultural history. Moreover, the study examines the sexual assault as a US forces ideology to annihilate Iraq's national identity through the lens of the cultural genocide. The study aims to contribute a deeper understanding of the annihilation of national identity via sexual assault due to occupation ideology.
A New Historical novel: traditions, evolution and specifics of the genre by the example of Barry Unsworth's novel "Morality Play"
Authors: Sadovnikova Yuliya Mikhailovna
Published: May 2024

Despite the large number of literary works written, there are still debates in determining the genre structure of the historical novel and the features of its poetics. This is apparently due to the fact that for most experts the focus should traditionally be on history, and not on genre theory. Authors of historical novels help recreate historical images of the past, allowing readers to see the world through the eyes of people who lived in other eras. The historical novel can be both an entertaining genre and a tool for the study of history, stimulating interest in the past and raising important questions about how people lived and acted in different times. Different points of view allow us to better understand the versatility of the genre and its influence both on literature and on the understanding of history and life. The author used the technique of “new historicism” literature. Along with the canons of the historical novel of the 19th century, B. Unsworth resorts to the traditional techniques of the historiographical meta-novel of the postmodern era. This novel represents a new approach to the genre of historical fiction, different from the traditional Walterscottian one. The new historical novel and metaphysical mystery can be viewed through the lens of the new historical novel, which focuses on the historical aspects of the story, accurately recreating the setting of a specific era with each fictional character and event, and taking the reader back to the reality of the 14th century. The murder investigation is an important element of the novel's plot, but it only makes sense if the setting of the era in which everything takes place is recreated. Medieval drama plays an important role here, especially the author's transformation from religious to secular drama. Transformation of genre form is a characteristic feature of modern literature. Barry Unsworth's novels are interesting in that they synthesize several genre combinations and at the same time reproduce aspects of the formation of a new genre for its time – morality tales.
Comparative analysis of the structure of simple sentences in Russian and Chinese diplomatic documents
Authors: Ma Liming
Published: May 2024

This article is devoted to the study of complex structures of simple sentences in Russian and Chinese diplomatic documents of the late XX - early XXI century in order to identify similarities and differences. The main purpose of the work is to identify similarities and differences in the complex structure of simple sentences in Russian and Chinese, as well as to analyze the causes of their occurrence. The article analyzes the various structures of simple sentences in Russian and Chinese, identifies differences and similarities in the complex structure of simple sentences in diplomatic documents of both countries. The factors influencing the formation of these structures were also identified. Special attention is paid not only to the style of the documents, but also to the specifics of the language itself. The research material was bilingual documents from the period from 1994 to 2023, collected from the websites of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Russia and China. Transformational, structural and comparative methods are appropriate in the analysis of the material. The novelty of the research lies in the initial comparative analysis of the structure of simple sentences in diplomatic documents of the two countries, taking into account the linguistic features of the Russian and Chinese languages.The results of the study showed that although complex structures of simple sentences are widespread in diplomatic documents of both countries, the results of the study showed that the structures themselves and the factors of their formation differ. Comparative analysis allows for a better understanding of the unique features and peculiarities of the languages of each cultural tradition, which can be useful for various fields related to intercultural interaction and diplomatic communication. The results obtained can be applied in linguistics, translation studies, intercultural communication and diplomacy for a deeper understanding of linguistic expressiveness and communicative strategies in diplomatic practice.
Novel Foam Dressing With Through Holes and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy With Instillation and Dwell Time: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Scarpa Carlotta , Grigatti Martina , Rizzato Sandro , Crema Alberto , Vindigni Vincenzo , Bassetto Franco
Published: May 2024

Background. NPWTi-d of a topical wound solution has been shown to benefit healing in a variety of wound types. This therapy has traditionally been applied via a standard ROCF-V. In 2017, a new ROCF-CC was introduced at the practice of the authors of the current manuscript for adjunctive management of patients with wounds with thick exudate and/or nonviable tissue and in cases in which surgical debridement is not available or not appropriate. Objective. To compare the efficacy of NPWTi-d with ROCF-CC dressing (treatment) vs NPWTi-d with ROCF-V dressing (control). Materials and Methods. An observational retrospective cohort study of hospital records of patients with VLUs treated with NPWTi-d who received ROCF-CC dressings (n = 11) vs standard ROCF-V dressings (n = 11) was conducted. NPWTi-d was chosen to promote wound healing in VLUs that were not fully responsive to advanced dressings and/or compression bandage. Solution dwell time was 10 minutes, followed by 2.5-hour NPWT cycles at −125 mm Hg. Dressings were changed every 72 hours. Results. Overall, mean ± SD duration of therapy and hospital length of stay were shorter in the treatment group vs the control group (duration of therapy, 8.63 days ± 7.05 vs 11.72 days ± 17.41, respectively; P = .05, and length of stay, 9.9 days ± 2.98 vs 12.81 days ± 4.26, respectively; P = .08), but these differences were not statistically significant. Mean wound area reduction was greater in the treatment group than in the control group (14.63 cm2 ± 13.24 and 10.72 cm2 ± 14.06, respectively; P = .51), but this was not significant. Conclusion. ROCF-CC dressings were a useful tool in assisting wound bed preparation and reducing time to skin graft closure in this series of complex VLUs.
Tracking an Ultrafast C-S Bond Breaking in the UV-induced Sulfur-substituted 2-aminoazole
Authors: Janicki Mikołaj Jan , Kufner Corinna L. , Góra Robert W. , Sasselov Dimitar
Published: May 2024

Numerous biologically active compounds in medicine derive their therapeutic properties from sulfur-bearing five-membered aromatic rings. These compounds are inherently photoactive, and their transient accumulation beneath the skin of living organisms or in sunlit water may lead to photodegradation under sunlight. Among them, 2-aminothiazole is widely known as a molecular scaffold employed in therapeutics, but its photochemical properties remain unknown. Our UV-irradiation experiments and quantum-chemical calculations reveal that substituting a ring sulfur in the 2-aminoazoles family enables absorption in the UV-B range and initiates an ultrafast ring-opening photochemical process through C-S bond cleavage. The resulting reactive intermediate, with a lifetime of ~80 ps, can undergo a reversal to the initial structure or the addition of water molecules to its structure, potentially altering therapeutic agents. Consequently, modified pharmaceutics might not perform their intended functions, trigger harmful effects on living organisms and could become pollution for the biosphere.
Experimental studies of the impact of fluid sloshing in the tank on the dynamic characteristics of the “wing model – fuel tank” system
Authors: Vardanyan G. B. , Kochetov A. S. , Petrov Y. V.
Published: May 2024

Flexible response of the airframe structural elements under operational loads are one of the main sources of fatigue damage accumulation. It is known that fuel sloshing in tanks can change the dynamic (frequencies and shapes of natural oscillations) and dissipative properties (oscillation damping decrements) of an elastic system, including partially or completely fuelfilled tanks. It is specified that fuel sloshing in tanks due to the additional oscillation energy dissipation of the elastic system can have a significant impact on both the fatigue and aeroelastic characteristics of aircraft structural elements. Theoretical and experimental studies, applicably to the majority of currently operating transport aircraft, have shown that when modeling dynamic phenomena and solving aeroelasticity problems, fuel can be considered conditionally solidified, which actually does not affect the resultant effect. The advent of modern heavy transport aircraft with a high aspect ratio wing and four engines on pylons under the wing has led to a considerable change in the dynamic picture of the aircraft interaction with the environment. The main feature is that, under this arrangement, the first horizontal bending mode of the wing is embedded in the main flexible modes that determine the dynamic response to external effects. In this case, the model of solidified fuel can have a significant impact on the accuracy of predicting dynamic loads and, as a consequence, on the quantitative characteristics of durability and aeroelasticity. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the impact of fluid sloshing in the tank on the dynamic characteristics (frequencies of natural oscillations and amplitudes of forced oscillations) of the “wing model – fuel tank” system. The design of the experimental installation and the methodology of conducting experiments are described. During the experiment, the tank was partially filled with liquid or full, and horizontal bending modes of the wing model, for which considering liquid sloshing in the tank is the most relevant, were studied. The tank refueling levels are determined at which the maximum effect of the system oscillation damping is achieved due to energy dissipation under liquid sloshing. The effect of various factors (presence of a top cover, internal structural frame, perforation in the structural frame) on the amplitudes and frequencies of forced oscillations is analyzed.
Experimental studies of the influence of elastic-dissipative parameters of engine mounting units on the dynamic characteristics of the “wing model – elastic pylon – engine” system
Authors: Petrov Y. V. , Semakova M. V. , Ugreninov V. G.
Published: May 2024

A feature of modern heavy transport aircraft is their layout with engines on elastic pylons under the wing, with the fuel tanks located in the wing consoles. In this case, the main elastic tones of the aircraft’s own oscillations, which determine its dynamic response to external disturbing influences, include the so-called motor tones (vertical and horizontal (lateral) oscillations of engines on elastic pylons). A new type of flutter has appeared – pylon, which for some aircraft determines the critical flutter speed of the aircraft as a whole. The main reason for this phenomenon is the low oscillation damping of the engine on the pylon under the wing. Therefore, research aimed at modernizing the engine mounting points on the pylon in order to reduce the level of elastic oscillations during aircraft operation seems relevant. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is to use the concept of a freed engine, when the engine attachment points to the pylon are modernized, providing more effective damping of engine oscillations. In order to confirm the possibility of practical implementation of these solutions, corresponding experimental studies were carried out on an experimental setup developed by the authors. A design of engine mounting units has been developed that allows specified displacements of the engine relative to the pylon during forced elastic oscillations of the system, which includes a hinged suspension, installation of additional elastic elements and hydraulic dampers.The article presents the results of studies of the influence of elastic-dissipative parameters (partial frequency of natural oscillations and partial decrement of oscillations) of an engine mount on an elastic pylon on the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic system “wing model – elastic pylon – engine”. It is shown that by introducing specially designed engine suspension units on pylons, it is possible to significantly change the dynamic characteristics (frequencies and amplitudes of natural oscillations) of the elastic system as a whole. Thus, the amplitudes of oscillations of the engine’s center of mass in the region of motor tones decrease by 3...7 times during forced harmonic oscillations.
WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL UNICORN STARTUP FOUNDER? EXPLORING FOUNDERS’ BACKGROUNDS
Authors: Stafeev Artem
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The rapid growth of unicorn startups — privately held startup companies valued at over $1 billion — has inspired researchers and investors to better understand the key factors behind their success. While product-market fit, timing, and business models are frequently studied, this paper dive deeper into the backgrounds of the founders themselves. By analyzing various educational, and professional attributes of unicorn startup founders, we seek to uncover common patterns and insights that might hint at the success criteria of unicorn creation.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: Our study adopted an exploratory approach utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods to discover the nuances of unicorn startup founders' backgrounds. Using a dataset of 3925 founders, we identified patterns in unicorn creation. In addition, qualitative insights were garnered through a review of existing literature. This approach provided a comprehensive view bridging the data with theoretical review.
 
Findings: A significant proportion of unicorn startup founders 1163 of the 3925 examined, had prior entrepreneurial engagements, which underlines the value of experience in high-impact ventures. A pronounced gender imbalance was observed, with a whopping 93% of founders being male, spotlighting potential systemic and cultural barriers in the entrepreneurial field. Fields such as International Relations, Public Administration, and STEM disciplines like Bioengineering and Medical Informatics were represented among the unicorn producing majors. These findings suggest a cross-disciplinary effect resulting in unicorn creation.
 
Originality: Instead of just focusing on one part of founders’ background, this study combines their education and experiences to give a full picture. This approach makes it unique and adds a new perspective to what we know about successful startups. This new angle can prompt more research and give us a deeper understanding of how unicorn startups come to be.
PERFIL FINANCEIRO FEMININO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR DA CIDADE DE MAFRA-SC
Authors: Wegrzinovski Elisa Pereira , Silva Robson de Faria , Pickssus Maylla W. , Hoepers Cassiano , Santos Renato da Costa dos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil financeiro das acadêmicas da cidade de Mafra-SC. 
Teórico Referencial: A fundamentação teórica trata dos seguintes assuntos: gestão financeira, gestão financeira pessoal, educação financeira e investimentos, finanças femininas 
Método: Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa, com envio de questionários a um número significativo de estudantes, utilizando uma amostra de conveniência.  
Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das acadêmicas conhece os fundamentos de finanças, mas busca ajuda de pessoas próximas ou especialistas na área para decisões específicas. A maioria são estudantes em torno de 18 e 22 anos, solteiros e moram com uma pessoa. Em relação ao perfil financeiro, a faixa salarial de maior destaque foi de 1 a 2 níveis mínimos, percebe-se com a pesquisa que muitas alunas ainda não fazem investimentos ou não possuem recursos no momento, porém aqueles que gostariam de realizar alguma aplicação optam por ativos como carros, imóveis e equipamentos algo que traz segurança financeira para o futuro. 
Implicações da Pesquisa: Os desafios da pesquisa incluem garantir uma amostra representativa das acadêmicas, enfrentar possíveis viéses nas respostas dos questionários, e garantir a confiabilidade e validade dos dados coletados 
Originalidade/Valor: O valor da pesquisa reside na sua capacidade de informar e orientar orientações futuras destinadas a melhorar a educação financeira e promover uma gestão financeira mais responsável entre os estudantes universitários.