bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representações de ciência e de cientistas de crianças participantes de iniciação científica júnior (CNPq/CAPES)
Authors: Fortuna Caroline , Manica Grando Letícia , Franzen Leite Rosana
Published: May 2018

O presente trabalho tem o intuito apresentar a análise das representações referentes a ciência e cientista de crianças integrantes de um projeto de Iniciação Cientifica Júnior. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram questionários e desenhos, onde as análises deste estudo foram realizadas a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Com os resultados foi observado que os três estudantes envolvidos na pesquisa possuem algumas representações estereotipadas tanto em relação ao saber identificado como ciência quanto em relação ao perfil de cientista. Espera-se, com o estudo, que os professores reflitam sobre as informações e as atividades que propõem aos estudantes nas aulas de Ciências, sendo de grande importância o conhecimento prévio dos estudantes sobre essas representações. Além disso, os professores devem considerar a Iniciação Cientifica Júnior fundamental para que os estudantes possam expressar e ampliar as suas representações em relação a ciência e a cientista, sendo necessário que o contexto escolar modifique as formas de abordar os assuntos relacionados a ciência e a cientistas.
A natureza da ciência e a formação de professores: um diálogo necessário
Authors: Barbosa Flávio Tajima , Aires Joanez Aparecida
Published: May 2018

A Natureza da Ciência (NdC) é entendida como um dos aspectos mais fundamentais no que diz respeito à construção, ao estabelecimento e à organização do conhecimento científico. Refere-se, de uma maneira geral, à epistemologia e à sociologia da Ciência, aos valores e às crenças inerentes ao conhecimento científico e seu desenvolvimento. Procuramos destacar neste artigo o fato de que a formação de professores poderia dar foco à importância do entendimento da NdC para o ensino de Ciências, bem como as habilidades necessárias para o desenvolvimento dessa abordagem. Acreditamos que para realçar o conteúdo pedagógico relacionado à NdC, os professores necessitam de oportunidades para reflexão e discussão sobre as questões da NdC e orientações práticas para o ensino da NdC. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir as possibilidades de se incluir reflexões referentes à NdC nos cursos de formação de professores, procurando apresentar caminhos possíveis para essa integração. Apresentamos de modo breve o projeto europeu History and Philosophy in Science Teaching (HIPST), um caso de sucesso na utilização de tal abordagem. Ao introduzir reflexões epistemológicas na formação inicial e continuada de professores, deseja-se romper com um pensamento de Ciência largamente hegemônico, cuja base pode ser encontrada nas filosofias positivistas e cujo dogma consiste na transmissão de verdades científicas definitivas e neutras. Acreditamos que o ato de refletir sobre a própria prática constitui-se no momento em que o professor pensa sobre si mesmo enquanto educador, e assim constrói uma visão crítica de sua prática, transformando-a.
A tradição de linguagem em Gadamer e o professor de química como tradutor-intérprete
Authors: Sousa Robson Simplicio de , Galiazzi Maria do Carmo
Published: May 2018

Neste estudo, articulamos o conceito de tradição de linguagem de Hans-Georg Gadamer e seus desdobramentos educacionais com a ideia do professor como tradutor-intérprete no ensino de Química. Partimos, estimulados pelo químico Pierre Laszlo, de uma perspectiva ontológica de linguagem, especialmente, a de Hans-Georg Gadamer, filósofo alemão que estabeleceu a Hermenêutica Filosófica com sua obra Verdade e Método de 1960. Iniciamos apresentando elementos que nos ajudam a elaborar compreensões neste texto, ao conceito de tradição de linguagem trazido por Gadamer e em como este conceito repercute no âmbito da Filosofia da Educação. A partir de uma ilustração acerca dos intérpretes da tradição de linguagem feita por Gadamer, foi possível percebermos o professor de Química também como um tradutor-intérprete da tradição de linguagem da ciência que se propõe a ensinar. Assim, traçamos provocações à formação e à atuação do professor de Química e com este olhar buscamos superar o que chamamos de limitação dialógica, limitação histórica e limitação escrita. Consideramos que essas provocações formativas sobre a tradição podem contribuir para a Educação Química, com mais história, mais criticidade, mais subjetividade e experiência dos sujeitos que nela atuam.
Aceitação de blends de uvas ‘Bordô’ e ‘Isabel’ em sucos
Authors: Ferri Valdecir Carlos , Sainz Ricardo Lemos , Bandeira Priscila De Souza
Published: May 2018

As demandas específicas do suco de uva são a doçura, a cor, o sabor e o aroma. Além das condições e dos métodos de elaboração do suco de uva, o cultivar e a maturação dos frutos são extremamente importantes na obtenção do suco de qualidade. As videiras americanas Vitis labrusca constituem a base varietal do suco de uva brasileiro, com destaque para as cultivares Isabel e Bordô. O cultivar bordô, apresenta uma excelente coloração para produção de suco e vinho. No caso da Isabel, este cultivar apresenta características desejáveis como bom rendimento em mosto, adequada relação açúcar/acidez, aroma e sabor agradável e bem definido. Porém, sua carência está na coloração. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a aceitação de consumidores por meio de assuetude sensorial de suco de uva Bordô puro ou conjugado em corte com suco do cultivar Isabel. Foram utilizados três tratamentos de suco integral: Bordô (100%); Bordô (85%) + Isabel (15%) e bordô (70%) + Isabel (30%). Foram avaliados o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT), pH e colorimetria dos tratamentos. Para a análise sensorial, contou-se com trinta e um julgadores que avaliaram a preferência, utilizando-se do teste de ordenação. Concluiu-se que o cultivar Bordô pode ser usado em cortes com uvas Isabel, para melhorar o sabor do suco de uva, sem alterar as demais características desejáveis.
Composição mineral de farinhas obtidas a partir de cascas de frutos tropicais baseado na ingestão diária recomendada
Authors: Sabino Luiz Bruno De Souza , Lima Ana Cristina Silva de , Soares Denise Josino , Silva Larissa Morais Ribeiro da , Oliveira Luciana Siqueira de , Figueiredo Raimundo Wilane de , Sousa Paulo Henrique Machado de
Published: May 2018

Os resíduos agroindustriais apresentam elevado valor nutritivo, porém, na maioria das indústrias de processamento de frutas, estes resíduos são desperdiçados. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi quantificar o conteúdo de minerais em farinhas obtidas a partir de subprodutos de frutos tropicais, realizando a comparação dos teores obtidos com os valores estabelecidos para Ingestão Diária Recomendada (IDR). Utilizou-se na presente pesquisa cascas de abacaxi, banana, mamão, manga e melão. Os minerais Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Na e K foram quantificados. Dentre as farinhas obtidas, aquela que apresentou maior conteúdo dos minerais Na, Ca e Fe foi à obtida a partir do melão. A farinha obtida do mamão pode ser considera boa fonte de K, contribuindo com 14,95% da IDR deste nutriente. O uso destes materiais em preparados alimentícios além de evitar o desperdício desordenado dos mesmos incluiria na dieta minerais importantes para o desempenho das atividades corpóreas.
Data on and methodology for measurements of microclimate and matter dynamics in transition zones between forest and adjacent arable land
Authors: Schmidt Martin , Lischeid Gunnar , Nendel Claas
Published: May 2018

Ecosystems are often defined by visually perceived boundaries, while for many properties sharp boundaries are difficult to draw. Boundaries between terrestrial ecosystems have often been described with much emphasis on edge effects, which is the impact of the presence of one ecosystem on an adjacent ecosystem. At the boundary of forested and agricultural ecosystems, measurements of environmental variables exist almost only for the forested area, describing the extent of a transition zone and the rates of exchange of matter, energy and information from the zero line (edge) into the forest. The opposite direction has been nearly neglected so far. Microclimatic variables differ in magnitude in the transition zone between arable land and forest. They affect habitat properties, biotic activity, carbon and nitrogen stocks, as well as turn-over rates under the different input of organic matter.

We conducted microclimatic measurements in two 105 m long transects perpendicular to the boundaries in transition zones of forests to arable land for more than one year. In addition, we measured aboveground biomass, litterfall, soil carbon and nitrogen content. In this paper, we explain the measurement design and methodology as well as make the data openly accessible.
Poetizar o la superstición necesaria del lenguaje
Authors: Santiago Sánchez José Antonio
Published: May 2018

Este artículo trata de teorizar sobre el lenguaje y, en su modo más aquilatado, el lenguaje poético, proponiendo unas bases inmanentes y enteramente prácticas, e incluso vitales en su sentido más adaptativo, a partir de ciertos conceptos como habitualidad y habitabilidad (Juan Bautista Fuentes) ritornelo (Deleuze), kairós, mimesis y poiein (provenientes de la tradición griega) o Stimmung (Heidegger) en las que se enmarcan los conceptos finales de Belleza y Verdad. Ello a su vez, obliga a distanciarse de una teoría de la poesía más visionaria o metafísica, así como a postular el lenguaje, sea este poético o no, entendido como «superstición» de la realidad.
El Siglo Pintoresco (1845-1847): estudio e índice de una revista entre pintoresca y universal
Authors: Amores Montserrat
Published: May 2018

El Siglo Pintoresco (1845-1847) constituye, por su historia y contenido, un ejemplo de publicación que muestra la transición entre las revistas «pintorescas» y las «universales» que se editan en España entre 1836 y 1849, pues ofrece tanto la exposición de lo local que representa la prensa «pintoresca» como la apertura a lo internacional que define a los periódicos «universales». A pesar de su importancia, no se dispone todavía de un análisis de la misma ni de un índice de las colaboraciones y grabados incluidos en sus páginas. Este trabajo presenta una historia de la revista y de su evolución, así como un estudio de los contenidos, destacando la fidelidad a su ideario romántico conservador, a pesar de los cambios de propietarios y de directores literarios, con el fin de facilitar el estudio de aspectos concretos de la misma.
Una isla en un pequeño muñeco negro. El recorrido del significante Gorogó en Primera memoria de Ana María Matute
Authors: Ceruti Emilio
Published: May 2018

Cuando proyectamos sobre un objeto una carga emotiva, este se convierte en una cosa que remite a nosotros mismos y, por ello, permite al sujeto conocerse mejor. En este estudio se analiza la relación entre un muñeco negro llamado Gorogó y los personajes de la novela Primera Memoria de Ana María Matute, para resaltar los significados que adquiere el significante Gorogó en sus desplazamientos a lo largo de la novela. Siguiendo los postulados de Lacan, es posible reconocer tres posiciones del muñeco. Cuando se queda escondido, proporciona cierto amparo a la protagonista. Cuando se revela y entra en relación con los demás personajes, desencadena lo siniestro (unheimlich) al ser una cosa que debía mantenerse escondida y que ha sido revelada. Al final, Gorogó destaca por su ausencia y revela la dimensión temporal de las cosas, esto es, el crecimiento de la protagonista y el conflicto interior que esto conlleva.
Nasal–Oral Water Administration for Rehydration of Juvenile Mohave Desert Tortoises
Authors: Field Kimberleigh J. , Johnson Jay D. , Lamberski Nadine
Published: May 2018

Some terrestrial chelonians, including Mohave desert tortoises Gopherus agassizii, reabsorb water from urine stored in their bladders, and thus they may experience an elevated risk of dehydration if they urinate in response to interactions with humans. Field biologists can use several methods to attempt to replace voided urine with hydrating fluids, but each has drawbacks or unknown efficacy. Here we evaluate the efficacy of offering juvenile Mohave desert tortoises water via needle-free syringe for ingestion through the nasal and oral passages. Only tortoises offered ≥ 12 mL of water, which equated to ≥ 40 mL of water/kg body weight, gained weight during the hydration attempt. We recommend that field biologists offer at least 40 mL of water/kg body weight when using the nasal–oral hydration method with a minimum of 15 mL offered regardless of body weight. The nasal–oral technique and minimum volume recommendations may be useful for other terrestrial chelonians, and we recommend attempting rehydration via this simple technique when alternate methods are not available to alleviate the potentially harmful effects of handling-induced loss of urine.
Sendikalar Arası Rekabetin Türkiye’deki Sendikacılık Hareketinin Krizine Katkısı: TCDD Vangölü Feribot İşletme Müdürlüğü Örneği
Authors: KARADOĞAN Emirali
Published: May 2018

Neoliberal politikaların uygulandığı Türkiye’de, sendikacılık hareketi bir kriz içerisindedir. Özellikle sendikal barajların varlığı sendikaları sınıf mücadelesinden, var olma mücadelesine itmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki sendikal hareketin içinde bulunduğu krizi, sendikal rekabet bağlamında tartışmak ve sendikacılık hareketine etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla öncelikle sendikaların temsiliyeti bağlamında mevcut durumları ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra da, sendikalar arası rekabetin görüldüğü Mayıs 2015’teki metal işçilerinin eylemleri bu bağlamda değerlendirilmiş; ve sendikal rekabete yol açan nedenlerin izi aranmıştır. Çalışmanın son kısmında da, sendikalar arası rekabetin yaşandığı, TCDD Vangölü Feribot Müdürlüğü’ndeki işçilerle yapılan mülakat ve yüz yüze anket çalışmasının bulguları birlikte değerlendirilmiştir.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ KARİYER UYUMLULUKLARININ, CİNSİYET VE ALGILANAN KONTROL AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ERYILMAZ Ali , KARA Ahmet
Published: May 2018

Kariyer çalışmalarında, ele alınan önemli kavramlardan birisi de kariyer uyumluluğudur. Öğretmen adaylarının kariyer uyumluluklarını etkileyen pek çok bireysel ve çevresel faktör vardır. Bu faktörlerden birisi de algılanan kontrol olabilir. Bu çalışmada, farklı bölümlerde öğrenimine devam eden öğretmen adaylarının kariyer uyumluluklarının cinsiyet ve algılanan kontrol açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, ilişkisel tarama desende tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımlı değişkeni, kariyer uyumluluğu, bağımsız değişkeni ise algılanan kontroldür. Çalışma, 20-34 yaşları arasında yer alan 239 öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada veriler, Kariyer Uyumluluğu Ölçeği ve Alan Genel Algılanan Kontrol Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada algılanan kontrolünün kariyer uyumluluğunu ne düzeyde açıkladığını belirlenmesi, basit regresyon analizi tekniğiyle ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca kariyer uyumluluğunun cinsiyete göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı bağımsız gruplar için t-testi tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre algılanan kontrolünün, kariyer uyumluluk boyutlarından en çok kariyer planı sonra ise kariyer keşfi boyutunu anlamlı bir şekilde açıkladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca kadın öğretmen adaylarının erkek öğretmen adaylarına oranla yüksek düzeyde kariyer uyumluluğuna sahip oldukları bulunmuştur. Bulgular literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.
Therapeutic Administration of IL-10 and Amphiregulin Alleviates Chronic Skeletal Muscle Inflammation and Damage Induced by Infection
Authors: Jin Richard M , Warunek Jordan , Wohlfert Elizabeth A
Published: May 2018

Maintenance of tissue integrity in skeletal muscle requires the immunomodulatory and regenerative functions of muscle-resident regulatory T cells (Tregs). Chronic skeletal muscle infections, such as with Toxoplasma gondii, disrupt normal immunoregulatory networks and lead to pathogenic changes in Treg function. Specifically, Tregs during chronic T. gondii infection reinforce an inflammatory macrophage bias that exacerbates injury in skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated whether the aberrations in skeletal muscle Treg function during chronic infection could be overcome by treatment with Treg-related factors associated with enhanced muscle regeneration during sterile injury. We show treatment of chronically infected mice with Treg-promoting therapies, such as IL-2 complexed with anti–IL-2 Ab or IL-33, did not restore macrophage dynamics or muscle function, respectively, in vivo. However, supplementation of known Treg-derived factors IL-10 and amphiregulin (Areg) improved muscle function and skewed macrophages toward a restorative phenotype in the presence of chronic infection. These shifts in macrophage phenotype are coupled with enhanced physiologic parameters of regeneration. Together, these data suggest that although Treg-mediated immunoregulation is compromised during chronic skeletal muscle infection, supplementation of canonical Treg-derived factors such as IL-10 and Areg can restore immunologic balance and enhance muscle repair.
Survival of Mice with Gastrointestinal Acute Radiation Syndrome through Control of Bacterial Translocation
Authors: Suzuki Fujio , Loucas Bradford D. , Ito Ichiaki , Asai Akira , Suzuki Sumihiro , Kobayashi Makiko
Published: May 2018

Macrophages (Mϕ) with the M2b phenotype (Pheno2b-Mϕ) in bacterial translocation sites have been described as cells responsible for the increased susceptibility of mice with gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome to sepsis caused by gut bacteria. In this study, we tried to reduce the mortality of mice exposed to 7–10 Gy of gamma rays by controlling Pheno2b-Mϕ polarization in bacterial translocation sites. MicroRNA-222 was induced in association with gamma irradiation. Pheno2b-Mϕ polarization was promoted and maintained in gamma-irradiated mice through the reduction of a long noncoding RNA growth arrest–specific transcript 5 (a CCL1 gene silencer) influenced by this microRNA. Therefore, the host resistance of 7–9-Gy gamma-irradiated mice to sepsis caused by bacterial translocation was improved after treatment with CCL1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. However, the mortality of 10-Gy gamma-irradiated mice was not alleviated by this treatment. The crypts and villi in the ileum of 10-Gy gamma-irradiated mice were severely damaged, but these were markedly improved after transplantation of intestinal lineage cells differentiated from murine embryonic stem cells. All 10-Gy gamma-irradiated mice given both of the oligodeoxynucleotide and intestinal lineage cells survived, whereas all of the same mice given either of them died. These results indicate that high mortality rates of mice irradiated with 7–10 Gy of gamma rays are reducible by depleting CCL1 in combination with the intestinal lineage cell transplantation. These findings support the novel therapeutic possibility of victims who have gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome for the reduction of their high mortality rates.
Indicator mineral data bedrock samples from the Broken Hammer Cu-Ni-PGE-Au deposit, North Range, Sudbury Structure, Ontario
Authors: McClenaghan M B , Kjarsgaard I M , Ames D E
Published: May 2018

Bedrock samples were collected from the Broken Hammer Cu-Ni-PGE-Au deposit and surrounding host lithologies by the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) to determine which indicator minerals are indicative of this deposit type. The deposit is known for world-class
sperrylite crystals that are as large as 15 mm. The bedrock samples were processed using a combination of crushing, tabling, and heavy liquid separation to produce heavy mineral (>3.2 specific gravity) concentrates, which were then visually examined under binocular microscope. Ore
minerals recovered from the mineralized samples include sperrylite (up to 2 mm in size), michenerite, tellurobismuthite, kotulskite, and merenskyite, as well as gold and chalcopyrite. GSC open file 8384 reports the results presented for GSC till samples collected around the
deposit.
Human parvovirus B19-induced anaemia in pre-school children in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Ashaka Oluwaseyi S. , Agbede Olajide O. , Omoare Adesuyi A. , Ernest Samuel K.
Published: May 2018

Sera collected from 57 anaemic and 115 non-anaemic age-matched pre-school children in Ilorin, Nigeria, between November 2014 and December 2015 were assayed for human parvovirus B19-specific IgM antibodies by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique. A total of 17 (29.8%) anaemic children and 18 (15.7%) non-anaemic children were positive for parvovirus B19 infection. Infection with parvovirus B19 is common in this population, and screening for the virus during differential diagnosis is recommended.
Attacks on South African monuments: Mediating heritage in post-conflict society
Authors: Breakfast Ntsikelelo B. , Bradshaw Gavin , Haines Richard
Published: May 2018

The controversy surrounding the notion of national heritage and what constitutes a proper heritage in post-apartheid South Africa intersects with issues of identity and identity formation in a post-conflict society. That it impinges powerfully on social cohesion has been thrust into the spotlight in view of recent protest action related to colonial and apartheid era monuments. We have made the point elsewhere that conflict resolution in South Africa through negotiations, the National Peace Accord and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission has, at best, been partial, that it has not always been taken sufficiently seriously to engage with the fault-lines of protracted social conflict in the country. This article has employed a qualitative methodology because it is both descriptive and explorative in nature. The main aim of this article is to provide a critique on how issues of intersectionality (race, class and gender) coincide with the attacks of the monuments by university students in South Africa. This article utilises two theoretical frameworks, namely, classical Marxism and Black Consciousness, simply because both the psychological and class analysis were invoked by the student bodies to diagnose and prognose the challenges of black South Africans within the context of higher education in South Africa. The central thesis of this article is that the attacks on monuments in South African universities were instigated by a group of young people who claim to be revolutionary in thinking and are calling for transformation, free education, dismantling gender oppression and doing away with institutionalisation of racism.
Case Report: Probable Case of Spontaneous Encephalopathy Due to Loiasis and Dramatic Reduction of Loa loa Microfilariaemia with Prolonged Repeated Courses of Albendazole
Authors: Arrey-Agbor Divine B. , Nana-Djeunga Hugues C. , Mogoung-Wafo Aude E. , Mafo Mirabelle , Danwe Christian , Kamgno Joseph
Published: May 2018

Loiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by the filarial nematode Loa loa and transmitted by the tabanid vectors from the genus Chrysops. Loa loa infection is associated with clinical manifestations such as pruritus, migratory transient edema, passage of adult worm in the bulbar conjunctiva, retinal damage, glomerular damage, albuminuria, pleural effusion, hydrocele, and endomyocardial fibrosis. Data reporting the occurrence of spontaneous encephalopathy associated with loiasis are very scanty. Severe adverse events occurring post-ivermectin administered in the framework of the fight against onchocerciasis and/or lymphatic filariasis in loiasis co-endemic areas have been closely associated with very high L. loa microfilariaemia. Different regimens have been used to lower L. loa microfilariaemia before definitive treatment, and many discrepancies have been reported. We report the case of a patient who was admitted to a health facility and hospitalized for 34 days for altered consciousness, blurred vision, headache, and chills. After other potential diagnoses were eliminated, the patient was confirmed with encephalopathy due to loiasis and referred to the Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT). On admission at CRFilMT, the patient was harboring 28,700 microfilariae per milliliter of blood (mf/mL), and after four 21-day courses of 400 mg daily albendazole, the L. loa microfilariaemia lowered to 5,060 mf/mL. The patient was then treated with ivermectin 3 mg and a total clearance of microfilariae was observed, with satisfactory clinical evolution and no adverse event. This case study further confirmed that albendazole is effective against L. loa, but might necessitate a longer course.
Ocean acidification increases the sensitivity of and variability in physiological responses of an intertidal limpet to thermal stress
Authors: Wang Jie , Russell Bayden D. , Ding Meng-Wen , Dong Yun-Wei
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Understanding physiological responses of organisms to warming and
ocean acidification is the first step towards predicting the potential
population- and community-level ecological impacts of these stressors.
Increasingly, physiological plasticity is being recognized as important for
organisms to adapt to the changing microclimates. Here, we evaluate the
importance of physiological plasticity for coping with ocean acidification
and elevated temperature, and its variability among individuals, of the
intertidal limpet Cellana toreuma from the same population in Xiamen. Limpets were collected
from shaded mid-intertidal rock surfaces. They were acclimated under
combinations of different pCO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppm,
corresponding to a pH of 8.1 and 7.8) and temperatures (20 and 24 ∘C) in a short-term period (7 days),
with the control conditions
(20 ∘C and 400 ppm) representing the average annual temperature
and present-day pCO2 level at the collection site. Heart rates (as a
proxy for metabolic performance) and expression of genes encoding inducible
and constitutive heat-shock proteins (hsp70 and hsc70) at different heat-shock
temperatures (26, 30, 34, and 38 ∘C) were measured. Hsp70 and
Hsc70 play important roles in protecting cells from heat stresses, but have
different expression patterns, with Hsp70 significantly increased in
expression during stress and Hsc70 constitutively expressed and only mildly
induced during stress. Analysis of heart rate showed significantly higher
temperature coefficients (Q10 rates) for limpets at 20 ∘C
than at 24 ∘C and post-acclimation thermal sensitivity of limpets
at 400 ppm was lower than at 1000 ppm. Expression of hsp70 linearly increased
with the increasing heat-shock temperatures, with the largest slope
occurring in limpets acclimated under a future scenario (24 ∘C
and 1000 ppm pCO2). These results suggested that limpets showed
increased sensitivity and stress response under future conditions.
Furthermore, the increased variation in physiological response under the
future scenario indicated that some individuals have higher physiological
plasticity to cope with these conditions. While short-term acclimation to
reduced pH seawater decreases the ability of partial individuals against
thermal stress, physiological plasticity and variability seem to be crucial
in allowing some intertidal animals to survive in a rapidly changing
environment.
Niche differentiation of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers along a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea
Authors: Hou Lei , Xie Xiabing , Wan Xianhui , Kao Shuh-Ji , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhang Yao
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The niche differentiation between ammonia and nitrite oxidizers are controversial because they display disparate patterns in estuarine, coastal, and oceanic regimes. We analyzed ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and β-proteobacteria (AOB) amoA genes, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) nxrB and 16S rRNA genes, and nitrification rates to identify their niche differentiation along a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea. The archaeal amoA genes were generally more abundant than the β-AOB amoA genes; however, AOB more clearly attached to particles compared with AOA in the upper reaches of the Pearl River estuary. The NOB Nitrospina had higher abundances in the upper and middle reaches of the Pearl River estuary, while Nitrospina was dominant in the lower estuary. In addition, AOB and Nitrospina could be more active than AOA and Nitrospina since significantly positive correlations were observed between their gene abundance and the nitrification rate in the Pearl River estuary. There is a coupling of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers in the hypoxic waters of the estuary, suggesting metabolic interactions between them. Phylogenetic analysis further revealed that the AOA and NOB Nitrospina subgroups can be separated into different niches based on their adaptations to substrate levels. Water mass mixing is apparently crucial in regulating the distribution of nitrifiers from the estuary to open ocean. However, when eliminating water mass effect, the substrate availability and the nitrifiers’ adaptations to substrate availability via their ecological strategies essentially determine their niche differentiation.
European climate change at global mean temperature increases of 1.5 and 2 °C above pre-industrial conditions as simulated by the EURO-CORDEX regional climate models
Authors: Kjellström Erik , Nikulin Grigory , Strandberg Gustav , Christensen Ole Bøssing , Jacob Daniela , Keuler Klaus , Lenderink Geert , van Meijgaard Erik , Schär Christoph , Somot Samuel , Sørland Silje Lund , Teichmann Claas , Vautard Robert
Published: May 2018

Abstract. We investigate European regional climate change for time periods when the global mean temperature has increased by 1.5 and 2 °C compared to pre-industrial conditions. Results are based on regional downscaling of transient climate change simulations for the 21st century with global climate models (GCMs) from the fifth-phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). We use an ensemble of EURO-CORDEX high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations undertaken at a computational grid of 12.5 km horizontal resolution covering Europe. The ensemble consists of a range of RCMs that have been used for downscaling different GCMs under the RCP8.5 forcing scenario. The results indicate considerable near-surface warming already at the lower 1.5 °C of warming. Regional warming exceeds that of the global mean in most parts of Europe, being the strongest in the northernmost parts of Europe in winter and in the southernmost parts of Europe together with parts of Scandinavia in summer. Changes in precipitation, which are less robust than the ones in temperature, include increases in the north and decreases in the south with a borderline that migrates from a northerly position in summer to a southerly one in winter. Some of these changes are already seen at 1.5 °C of warming but are larger and more robust at 2 °C. Changes in near-surface wind speed are associated with a large spread among individual ensemble members at both warming levels. Relatively large areas over the North Atlantic and some parts of the continent show decreasing wind speed while some ocean areas in the far north show increasing wind speed. The changes in temperature, precipitation and wind speed are shown to be modified by changes in mean sea level pressure, indicating a strong relationship with the large-scale circulation and its internal variability on decade-long timescales. By comparing to a larger ensemble of CMIP5 GCMs we find that the RCMs can alter the results, leading either to attenuation or amplification of the climate change signal in the underlying GCMs. We find that the RCMs tend to produce less warming and more precipitation (or less drying) in many areas in both winter and summer.
Changes in crop yields and their variability at different levels of global warming
Authors: Ostberg Sebastian , Schewe Jacob , Childers Katelin , Frieler Katja
Published: May 2018

Abstract. An assessment of climate change impacts at different levels of global warming
is crucial to inform the policy discussion about mitigation targets, as well
as for the economic evaluation of climate change impacts. Integrated
assessment models often use global mean temperature change (ΔGMT) as a
sole measure of climate change and, therefore, need to describe impacts as a
function of ΔGMT. There is already a well-established framework for
the scalability of regional temperature and precipitation changes
with ΔGMT. It is less clear to what extent more complex biological or
physiological impacts such as crop yield changes can also be described in
terms of ΔGMT, even though such impacts may often be more directly
relevant for human livelihoods than changes in the physical climate. Here we
show that crop yield projections can indeed be described in terms
of ΔGMT to a large extent, allowing for a fast estimation of crop
yield changes for emissions scenarios not originally covered by climate and
crop model projections. We use an ensemble of global gridded crop model
simulations for the four major staple crops to show that the scenario
dependence is a minor component of the overall variance of projected yield
changes at different levels of ΔGMT. In contrast, the variance is
dominated by the spread across crop models. Varying CO2
concentrations are shown to explain only a minor component of crop yield
variability at different levels of global warming. In addition, we find that
the variability in crop yields is expected to increase with increasing
warming in many world regions. We provide, for each crop model, geographical
patterns of mean yield changes that allow for a simplified description of
yield changes under arbitrary pathways of global mean temperature and
CO2 changes, without the need for additional climate and crop model
simulations.
Backpropagation Neural Network as Earthquake Early Warning
Tool using a new Elementary Modified Levenberg–Marquardt
Algorithm to minimise Backpropagation Errors
Authors: Lin Jyh-Woei , Chao Chun-Tang , Chiou Juing-Shian
Published: May 2018

Abstract. A new Elementary Modified Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm (M-LMA) was used to minimise backpropagation errors in training a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) to predict the records related to the Chi-Chi earthquake from four seismic stations, Station-TAP003, Station-TAP005, Station-TCU084 and Station-TCU078, with the learning rates of 0.3, 0.05, 0.2 and 0.28, respectively. For these four recording stations, the M-LMA has been shown to produce smaller predicted errors compared to LMA. A sudden predicted error could be an indicator for Early Earthquake Warning (EEW), which indicated the initiation of strong motion due to large earthquakes. a trade-off decision-making process with BPNN (TDPB), using two alarms, adjusted the threshold of the magnitude of predicted error without a mistaken alarm. This approach was not necessary to consider the problems of characterising the wave phases and pre-processing, but did not require complex hardware; an existing seismic monitoring network-covered researched area was already sufficient for these purposes.
Global simulation of tropospheric chemistry at 12.5 km resolution:
performance and evaluation of the GEOS-Chem chemical module (v10-1) within the NASA GEOS Earth System Model (GEOS-5 ESM)
Authors: Hu Lu , Keller Christoph A. , Long Michael S. , Sherwen Tomás , Auer Benjamin , Da Silva Arlindo , Nielsen Jon E. , Pawson Steven , Thompson Matthew A. , Trayanov Atanas L. , Travis Katherine R. , Grange Stuart K. , Evans Mat J. , Jacob Daniel J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. We present a full-year on-line global simulation of tropospheric chemistry (158 coupled species) at cubed-sphere c720 (12.5 x 12.5 km2) resolution in the NASA GEOS Earth System Model, Version 5 (GEOS-5 ESM) with GEOS-Chem as a chemical module (G5NR-chem). The GEOS-Chem module within GEOS uses the exact same code as the off-line GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) developed by a large atmospheric chemistry research community. In this way, continual updates to the GEOS-Chem CTM by that community can be seamlessly passed on to the GEOS chemical module, which remains state-of-the-science and referenceable to the latest version of GEOS-Chem. The 1-year G5NR-chem simulation was conducted to serve as Nature Run for observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) in support of the future geostationary satellite constellation for tropospheric chemistry. It required 31 walltime days on 4707 compute cores with only 24 \\% of the time spent on the GEOS-Chem chemical module. Results from the GEOS-5 Nature Run with GEOS-Chem chemistry were shown to be consistent to the off-line GEOS-Chem CTM and were further compared to global and regional observations. The simulation shows no significant global bias for tropospheric ozone relative to the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite, and is highly correlated with observations spatially and seasonally. It successfully captures the ozone vertical distributions measured by ozonesondes over different regions of the world, as well as observations for ozone and its precursors from the Aug-Sep 2013 SEAC4RS aircraft campaign over the Southeast US. It systematically overestimates surface ozone concentrations by 10 ppbv at sites in the US and Europe, a problem currently being addressed by the GEOS-Chem CTM community and from which the GEOS ESM will benefit through the seamless update of the on-line code.
Evaluating impacts of climate change on future water scarcity in an intensively managed semi-arid region using a coupled model of biophysical processes and water rights
Authors: Han Bangshuai , Benner Shawn G. , Flores Alejandro N.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In semiarid and arid regions with intensively managed water supplies, water scarcity is a product of interactions between complex biophysical processes and human activities. Evaluating water scarcity under climate change necessitates modeling how these coupled processes interact and redistribute waters in the system under alternative climate conditions. A particular challenge on the climate input lies in adequately capturing the plausible range of variability of future climate change along with central tendencies. This study generates a large ensemble of daily climate realizations by combining a stochastic weather generator, historical climate observations, and statistically downscaled General Circulation Model projections. Three climate change scenario groups, reflecting the historical, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 conditions, are developed. A modeling framework is built using the Envision alternative futures modeling platform to 1) explicitly capture the spatiotemporally varying irrigation activities as constrained by local water rights; and 2) project water scarcity patterns under climate change. The study area is the Treasure Valley, an irrigation-intensive semi-arid human-environment system. Climate projections for the region show future increases in both precipitation and temperature. The projected increase in temperature has a significant influence on the increase of the allocated and unsatisfied irrigation amount. Projected changes in precipitation produce more modest responses. The scenarios identify spatially distinct areas more sensitive to water scarcity, highlight the importance of climate change as a driver of scarcity, and identify potential shortcomings of the current water management. The approach of creating climate ensembles overcomes deficiencies of using a few or mean values of individual GCM realizations.
Los Estudios Críticos de Internet: conceptos, debates y retos
Authors: Favaro Laura
Published: May 2018

Este artículo ofrece una revisión de la literatura en los Estudios de Internet desde su comienzo hasta la actualidad, prestando particular atención a conceptos y debates centrales, además de cuestiones sobre la interactividad del usuario. Un objetivo principal es elaborar una exposición de los Estudios Críticos de Internet, dado su reconocido interés y su sorprendente ausencia general en la literatura científica en español. Asimismo, el artículo pretende resaltar la importancia de incorporar una mirada feminista en el trabajo teórico así como empírico sobre Internet. En primer lugar se examina una etapa inicial caracterizada por un contraste entre los pronósticos distópicos y las celebraciones optimistas acerca del potencial transformador de Internet. El artículo continúa esbozando los principales interrogantes y conclusiones surgidos en la segunda etapa de los Estudios de Internet, con su más serio compromiso hacia la evidencia empírica y su interés especial en documentar el uso efectivo. La siguiente sección se centra en los términos ‘convergencia mediática’ y ‘cultura participativa’. Por último, se introducen una serie de conceptos clave – donde destaca especialmente el de ‘trabajo digital’ – para un área de estudio con un abordaje alternativo sobre la interactividad en los contextos online e Internet en general. También se presenta brevemente un caso de estudio como muestra de tal enfoque, así como de la necesidad de una mayor integración del análisis de género en los Estudios Críticos de Internet.
Tecnologías emergentes, redes al acecho de la sociabilidad
Authors: Iglesias Sahagún Luis Gregorio , González Arias Rosario
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo destaca algunos síntomas notorios en múltiples sociedades a partir de la instalación de las “tecnologías emergentes”, en particular las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Apoyados en la idea de que esa capacidad tecnológica está provocando una recomposición de la cultura en un neocapitalismo conexionista, señalamos que además de la constricción del campo de lo posible operada por el sistema de una economía de mercado central y monetizado, los artefactos y dispositivos tecnológicos-particularmente los portátiles- están ejerciendo una nueva constricción, por la vía de una re-organización de ese campo de lo posible. Encontramos signos inquietantes de pérdidas de la autonomía, una reducción de los márgenes para el ejercicio de ésta por parte de los individuos y las colectividades. La  situación termina de complicarse cuando vemos que en las sociedades con una capacidad instalada de tecnologías de la comunicación y el transporte, efectivamente se prodigan las formas reticulares en múltiples ámbitos: producción, provisión de servicios (shared economy), vecindario, escuela, universidad, etc. “La red”, como metáfora, transmite mucho de lo que sucede, y cómo, en nuestras vidas cotidianas. Concebimos la sociabilidad como la forma que pueden adoptar las concurrencias, la forma del “estar haciendo algo juntos”, las formas del “poner en común algo”, las formas del “hacer en torno y a propósito de ese algo puesto en común”, planteamos la hipótesis de que con las tecnologías emergentes  y la reticulación social, se ha puesto también en marcha un vector de componente centrífugo que bloquea, dificulta o inhibe la sociabilidad
Reseña/Review (Informe/Report: Adams Becker, Samantha, Cummins, Michele, "Horizon Report 2017 Higher Education", Austin: New Media Consortium (NMC), http://cdn.nmc.org/media/2017-nmc-horizon-report-he-EN.pdf, 60 págs., 2017)
Authors: Cardona Diego Fernando
Published: May 2018

Reseña/Review (Informe/Report: Adams Becker, Samantha, Cummins, Michele, "Horizon Report 2017 Higher Education", Austin: New Media Consortium (NMC), http://cdn.nmc.org/media/2017-nmc-horizon-report-he-EN.pdf, 60 págs., 2017)
Território, trabalho e saúde do trabalhador: uma aproximação necessária
Authors: Marini Perpetua Guilherme , Mendonça Heck Fernando , Thomaz Junior Antonio
Published: May 2018

Nas últimas décadas, importantes esforços de superação das trincheiras disciplinares têm sido implementados em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, como são os casos da Geografia, dos estudos do trabalho e das ciências da saúde. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo objetiva ressaltar a dimensão espacial da saúde do trabalhador, propondo uma abordagem de viés dialético-materialista centrada no conceito de território e focada para revelar traços invisibilizados da dominação e da exploração capitalista e de seu corolário, a precarização e a degradação do trabalho, em distintos lugares e setores da atividade laboral. Em termos metodológicos, recorremos, fundamentalmente, à revisão bibliográfica em diferentes fontes e áreas do conhecimento, com destaque para a Geografia e a Saúde do Trabalhador.
Estatística e Literatura: um projeto interdisciplinar sobre migrações e diversidade cultural
Authors: Giordano Cassio Cristiano , Miyaji Roberta Guim
Published: May 2018

Não é possível dissociar os temas “diversidade cultural” e “migrações internas e externas” da formação do povo brasileiro. Tendo em mente essa premissa e experiências anteriores de trabalho em conjunto, dois professores – um de Matemática e uma de Língua Portuguesa

– ministraram aulas simultaneamente, com uma frequência semanal de duas aulas de cinquenta minutos cada uma, para duas turmas de alunos de terceira série do ensino médio, compartilhando o mesmo espaço físico e explorando intersecções entre as respectivas disciplinas. Ambos elaboraram um projeto interdisciplinar que abarcou os temas “migrações

internas e externas”. Estudos sobre Estatística, Literatura do Modernismo Brasileiro e sobre o gênero textual “relato” foram realizados nas aulas e culminaram em um produto final, que foi dividido em dois dias não consecutivos: no primeiro, foram apresentados uma dança circular, um painel sobre Estatística e uma premiação para os alunos que escreveram

os melhores relatos sobre migrações internas e externas; no segundo dia, apresentou-se um painel contendo dados estatísticos sobre assuntos escolhidos pelos próprios alunos. O objetivo maior do trabalho foi explorar as intersecções entre os componentes curriculares acima, considerados tão diferentes, embora complementares. Os temas transversais Ética e

Valores, e a importância da diversidade cultural de nosso país foram explorados durante todo o processo.
Material concreto e tecnologias digitais: possibilidades para o ensino e a aprendizagem da Estatística
Authors: Silva Camila Rubira , Samá Suzi
Published: May 2018

Na contemporaneidade, grande quantidade de informação contendo dados estatísticos é apresentada à população, demandando do leitor o conhecimento de conceitos básicos da Estatística para sua leitura e compreensão. Diante disso, evidenciamos a importância do estudo desta ciência desde a Educação Básica, uma vez que seu ensino possibilita ao estudante o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências para o tratamento da informação. Assim, no presente artigo objetivamos apresentar um relato de experiência, à luz da teoria da biologia do conhecer proposta por Maturana e Varela (2005), realizado com base em observações tecidas ao longo do planejamento e execução de duas oficinas delineadas para promover o ensino e a aprendizagem da Estatística. Essas oficinas foram desenvolvidas com estudantes do 7° ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola da rede pública municipal da cidade do Rio Grande-RS. As atividades proporcionaram, por meio da construção de um espaço contextual e experimental, de material concreto e tecnologias digitais, o estudo de conceitos e procedimentos estatísticos.
The Effect of Strategy Management and Balanced Scorecard on Organizational Performance of UAE Civil Defense
Authors: Alzaabi Saif Hassan Ali , Al-Dhaafri Hassan
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Strategy Management (ST) and Balanced Scorecard (BSC) on Organizational Performance (OP). Based on a theoretical foundation and a wide review of the literature, the model of the research was proposed. 220 Questionnaires were distributed among random selected sample of Civil Defense departments in the Northern Emirates. 188 questionnaires were returned and used in the analysis using the PLS-SEM. The results of this study demonstrate that Strategy Management and Balanced Scorecard have positive and significant effect on Organizational Performance. This study reflects the importance of the right implementation to the strategy management and BSC to have successful performance. This study also supported the premises of the resource-based view theory by reaffirming the importance of the Strategy Management and BSC as drivers to enhance organizational performance.