bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visualizing Time-Varying Effect in Survival Analysis: 5 Complementary Plots to Kaplan-Meier Curve
Authors: Huang Qiao , Tian Chong
Published: March 2022

Background. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve has been widely used in the field of oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. However, time-varying effect might be presented in KM curve and cannot be intuitively observed. Complementary plots might promote clear insights in time-varying effect from KM curve. Methods. Three KM curves were identified from published randomized control trials: (a) curves diverged immediately; (b) intersected curves with statistical significance; and (c) intersected curves without statistical significance. We reconstructed individual patient data, and plotted 5 complementary plots (difference in survival probability and risk difference, difference in restricted mean survival time, landmark analyses, and hazard ratio over time), along with KM curve. Results. Entanglement and intersection of two KM curves would make the 5 complementary plots to fluctuate over time intuitively. Absolute effects were presented in the 3 plots of difference in survival probability, risk, and restricted mean survival time. Changed

P

values from landmark analyses were used to inspect conditional treatment effect; the turning points could be identified for further landmark analysis. When proportional hazard assumption was not met, estimated hazard ratio from traditional Cox regression was not appropriate, and time-varying hazard ratios could be presented instead of an average and single value. Conclusions. The 5 complementary plots with KM curve give a broad and straightforward picture of potential time-varying effect. They will provide clear insight in treatment effect and assist clinicians to make decision comprehensively.
Investigation on Corrosion Behaviour of LM25-SiCp Composite Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Suresh Kumar R. , Senthil Kumar S. , Rajendran C. , Samuel Chelladurai Samson Jerold , Balcha Gizachew
Published: March 2022

The aim of this investigation is to optimize the process parameters to obtain minimum corrosion rate and weight loss of Al/SiCp metal matrix composites. A Taguchi based grey relation analysis was carried out. The process parameters such as number of hours dipped in 3% NaCl solution, vol.% of SiCp and aging at 170°C for hours were considered. The working range of each process parameters were fixed based on minimum weight loss and low corrosion rate. The test was carried out using Taguchi based grey relationship analysis. Three factor three level L9 orthogonal array was used and output responses such as weight loss and corrosion rate were calculated. Based on the grey relationship analysis, the rank of each process parameters was calculated. Based on the F value, the vol. % of SiCp (38.42%) on the metal matrix composite followed by number of hours samples immersed in 3% NaCl solution (35.3%) and aging at 170°C for hours (25.78%) were found as influencing parameters on corrosion rate and weight loss. The surface of corroded samples was investigated and reported.
Prediction Method of Coal Dust Explosion Flame Propagation Characteristics Based on Principal Component Analysis and BP Neural Network
Authors: Liu Tianqi , Cai Zhixin , Wang Ning , Jia Ruiheng , Tian Weiye
Published: March 2022

To study the flame propagation characteristics of coal dust explosion, principal component analysis and BP neural network are used to predict the farthest distance and the maximum speed of flame propagation. Among the eight influencing factors of flame propagation characteristics, three principal components are extracted and named “the factor of volatility,” “the factor of intermediate diameter,” and “the factor of environmental temperature.” By using BP neural network, it is found that the minimum prediction error of the farthest distance of flame propagation is 2.4%, and the minimum prediction error of the maximum speed of flame propagation is 0.4%, which also proves the necessity of principal component analysis by comparing the prediction errors. The research results provide a theoretical method for predicting the flame propagation characteristics of coal dust explosion.
Integration of Multi-Region Material Balance Equation with Binomial Productivity Equation for Performance Prediction
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhu Langtao
Published: March 2022

In order to overcome the limitations of conventional material balance methods, a new multi-region material balance method, considering the strong heterogeneity and low-velocity non-Darcy flow characteristics of bio-reef gas reservoir, is proposed to estimate the development performance of reef reservoirs. Firstly, the reef reservoir is divided into two regions, the reef cover high-permeability development area and the reef edge low-permeability supplying area. Then, based on one-dimensional non-linear seepage mechanism and mass conservation principle, the multi-region supplying material balance equation is established. Finally, combined with the binomial productivity equation, the development performance can be easily estimated at differentP/Zcurves. The application results indicate that the low-permeability replenishment area plays an important role, especially after entering the decline stage, on the development performance of high-permeability region. Compared with the traditional material balance method, the new method can help for better understanding of unbalanced development in different regions and the replenishment effect of low-permeability region.
The Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections in Improving Facial Scars: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Wendi , Liu Guangjing , Li Xiaobing
Published: March 2022

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has a wide range of clinical applications, and its use in improving aesthetics is one of them. The aim of this study was to better assess the efficacy and safety of BTA in patients with facial scars. Summary: We extracted the data of the visual analog scale (VAS) score, Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score, scar width, observer scar assessment scale (OSAS), patient scar assessment scale (PSAS), and/or drug-related adverse events. Five studies provided the data of VAS score, and the results showed that the VAS score in the BTA group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported the VSS score. A statistically significant difference exists between the BTA group and the control group. Three RCTs reported the scar width after BTA treatment. A more favorable change was found in the BTA group with scar width even without statistical significance. Data about the OSAS and PSAS scores were available in two trials. There was no significant difference in OSAS and PSAS scores between the BTA group and the control group. Only three studies recorded three slight adverse events. There were no reports of severe complications. In conclusions, this study demonstrated that BTA has the potential to improve facial scars with an acceptable safety profile.
Naringenin Protects against Hypertension by Regulating Lipid Disorder and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhao Hui , Che Jingjin , Yao Weijie
Published: March 2022

Background: Naringenin, a natural resource-derived flavanone, exhibits a plethora of pharmacological properties. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of naringenin on obesity-associated hypertension and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Obesity-associated hypertension rat model was established with a high-fat diet (HFD) and was administrated with naringenin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Body and fat weights were recorded and blood pressure was measured. Serum lipid parameters (cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and triglycerides), oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], nitrite oxide [NO], and glutathione [GSH]), and adipocytokines (leptin and adiponectin) were determined. The expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 were determined by using Western blotting. Results: Treatment with naringenin (100 mg/kg) reduced body and fat weight in HFD-induced rats. Besides, treatment with naringenin (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced blood pressure and regulated lipid parameters by decreasing cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL and increasing HDL. Treatment with naringenin (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced serum MDA and NO, whereas it increased serum SOD and GSH. Furthermore, treatment with naringenin (50 and 100 mg/kg) regulated adipocytokines and decreased the phosphorylation of STAT3. Conclusion: Naringenin ameliorates obesity-associated hypertension by regulating lipid disorder and oxidative stress.
Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics to Prevent Urinary Tract Infection after Urodynamic Testing and Cystoscopy in Women: A Practice Pattern Study
Authors: Benseler Anouk , McDermott Colleen D.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine practice patterns of prescribing prophylactic antibiotics against urinary tract infection (UTI) for urodynamic studies (UDS) and outpatient cystoscopy in women. Design: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted of North American female pelvic medicine and reconstructive specialists (FPMRS). Methods: An online survey was used to assess prophylactic prescribing patterns of FPMRS that perform UDS and outpatient cystoscopy. This survey was developed and then electronically disseminated through the American Urogynecologic Society to 699 eligible physicians. Results: A total of 138 surveys were completed. Approximately half of physicians did not prescribe any antibiotic prophylaxis for UDS or for cystoscopy (54% and 43%, respectively). For patients with perceived risk factors (recurrent UTIs, immunosuppression, known neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, indwelling catheter use, elevated postvoid residual/bladder outlet obstruction, genitourinary anomalies, and diabetes), 32% and 41% of physicians prescribed antibiotic prophylaxis for UDS and cystoscopy, respectively. A minority of physicians always prescribed antibiotics for UDS and cystoscopy (13% and 17%, respectively). Limitations: The response rate was a limitation of the study; however, this rate is in keeping with other physician survey studies published within this subspecialty. Selection and response biases may have contributed to the results of this survey study. Conclusion: There was no uniform approach to UTI prophylaxis for UDS and outpatient cystoscopy in women which reflects the lack of current guidelines and the low level of evidence on which they are based. This nonuniform practice calls for more research to better define an evidence-based standard of care.
First record of Luidia atlantidea Madsen, 1950 (Echinodermata: Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae) in the Sidi-Medjdoub area—Mostaganem (West Algerian coast, Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: MEZALI KARIM , KHODJA IHCENE , BENAROUS AHLAM , LEBOUAZDA ZINEB , SOUALILI DINA LILA
Published: March 2022

The genus Luidia is currently represented in the Mediterranean Sea by three species, namely Luidia ciliaris (Philippi, 1837), Luidia sarsii sarsii (Düben & Koren in Düben, 1844) and Luidia atlantidea (Madsen, 1950) which is an Atlantic species recently reported from the Spanish and Tunisian coasts. Two individuals of Luidia atlantidea were collected as bycatch from small-scale fisheries in the region of Sidi-Medjdoub (Mostaganem, Algeria) at a depth of 53 m. The detailed study of the morphological and anatomical characters allowed us to formally identify the two individuals of Luidia atlantidea and therefore to report it for the first time in the Algerian West coast.
“What do you mean I can’t have a doctor? this is Canada!” – a qualitative study of the myriad consequences for unattached patients awaiting primary care attachment
Authors: Marshall Emily Gard , Wuite Sara , Lawson Beverley , Andrew Melissa K. , Edwards Lynn , MacKenzie Adrian , Woodrow Ana Correa , Peddle Sarah
Published: March 2022

Background

Patient access to primary healthcare (PHC) is the foundation of a strong healthcare system and healthy populations. Attachment to a regular PHC provider, a key to healthcare access, has seen a decline in some jurisdictions. This study explored the consequences of unattachment from a patient perspective, an under-studied phenomenon to date.

Methods

A realist-informed qualitative study was conducted with unattached patients in Nova Scotia, Canada. Semi-structured interviews with nine participants were conducted and transcribed for analysis. The framework method was used to carry out analysis, which was guided by Donabedian’s model of assessing healthcare access and quality.

Results

Five key findings were noted in this study: 1) Participants experienced a range of consequences from not having a regular PHC provider. Participants used creative strategies to 2) attempt to gain attachment to a regular PHC provider, and, to 3) address their health needs in the absence of a regular PHC provider. 4) Participants experienced negative feelings about themselves and the healthcare system, and 5) stress related to the consequences and added work of being unattached and lost care.

Conclusions

Unattached patients experienced a burden of care related to lost care and managing their own health and related information, due to the download of medical record management and system navigation to them. These findings may underestimate the consequences for further at-risk populations who would not have been included in our recruitment. This may result in poorer health outcomes, which could be mitigated by interventions at the structural level, such as enhanced centralized waitlists to promote attachment. Such waitlists may benefit from a triage approach to appropriately attach patients based on need.
Creative dance associated with traditional Portuguese singing as a strategy for active aging: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Coelho Paulo , Marmeleira José , Cruz-Ferreira Ana , Laranjo Luís , Pereira Catarina , Bravo Jorge
Published: March 2022

Background

Multimodal forms of exercise can influence several physical and mental factors important for successful aging. In the present study, we introduce a new type of multimodal intervention, combining movement (creative dance) with traditional singing. This study aims to compare physical fitness, functional physical independence, depressive symptoms, general cognitive status, and daytime sleepiness among older adults participating in multimodal exercise, those participating in traditional physical exercise, and those not actively engaged in physical exercise.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 112 people aged ≥ 65 years (75.3 ± 0.7 years) living independently in the community, divided into 3 groups: multimodal exercise (n = 34), traditional exercise (n = 41), and no physical exercise (n = 37).

Results

The multimodal exercise group showed greater flexibility of the lower limbs and upper limbs/shoulders and better general cognitive status than the traditional exercise group (p < 0.05). The traditional exercise group had better agility and dynamic balance, aerobic endurance, and strength of the lower and upper limbs than the no-exercise group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results suggest that the two types of programs studied may have different impacts on some of the variables investigated and support the design of future experimental studies that include interventions based on the combination of creative dance and traditional Portuguese singing.
An immune-related nomogram model that predicts the overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Jing , Yan Yan , Meng Yiming , Ma Yushu , Du Tianzhao , Yu Tao , Piao Haozhe
Published: March 2022

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma accounts for approximately 40% of all primary lung cancers; however, the mortality rates remain high. Successfully predicting progression and overall (OS) time will provide clinicians with more options to manage this disease.

Methods

We analyzed RNA sequencing data from 510 cases of lung adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas database using CIBERSORT, ImmuCellAI, and ESTIMATE algorithms. Through these data we constructed 6 immune subtypes and then compared the difference of OS, immune infiltration level and gene expression between these immune subtypes. Also, all the subtypes and immune cells infiltration level were used to evaluate the relationship with prognosis and we introduced lasso-cox method to constructe an immune-related prognosis model. Finally we validated this model in another independent cohort.

Results

The C3 immune subtype of lung adenocarcinoma exhibited longer survival, whereas the C1 subtype was associated with a higher mutation rate of MUC17 and FLG genes compared with other subtypes. A multifactorial correlation analysis revealed that immune cell infiltration was closely associated with overall survival. Using data from 510 cases, we constructed a nomogram prediction model composed of clinicopathologic factors and immune signatures. This model produced a C-index of 0.73 and achieved a C-index of 0.844 using a validation set.

Conclusions

Through this study we constructed an immune related prognosis model to instruct lung adenocarcinoma’s OS and validated its value in another independent cohost. These results will be useful in guiding treatment for lung adenocarcinoma based on tumor immune profiles.
Bacteriophages and antibiotic interactions in clinical practice: what we have learned so far
Authors: Łusiak-Szelachowska Marzanna , Międzybrodzki Ryszard , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna , Cater Kathryn , Knežević Petar , Winogradow Cyprian , Amaro Karolina , Jończyk-Matysiak Ewa , Weber-Dąbrowska Beata , Rękas Justyna , Górski Andrzej
Published: March 2022

Bacteriophages (phages) may be used as an alternative to antibiotic therapy for combating infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In the last decades, there have been studies concerning the use of phages and antibiotics separately or in combination both in animal models as well as in humans. The phenomenon of phage–antibiotic synergy, in which antibiotics may induce the production of phages by bacterial hosts has been observed. The potential mechanisms of phage and antibiotic synergy was presented in this paper. Studies of a biofilm model showed that a combination of phages with antibiotics may increase removal of bacteria and sequential treatment, consisting of phage administration followed by an antibiotic, was most effective in eliminating biofilms. In vivo studies predominantly show the phenomenon of phage and antibiotic synergy. A few studies also describe antagonism or indifference between phages and antibiotics. Recent papers regarding the application of phages and antibiotics in patients with severe bacterial infections show the effectiveness of simultaneous treatment with both antimicrobials on the clinical outcome.
Sequential action of JNK genes establishes the embryonic left-right axis
Authors: Derrick Christopher J. , Santos-Ledo Adrian , Eley Lorraine , Paramita Isabela Andhika , Henderson Deborah J. , Chaudhry Bill
Published: March 2022

The establishment of the left-right axis is crucial for the placement, morphogenesis and function of internal organs. Left-right specification is proposed to be dependent on cilia-driven fluid flow in the embryonic node. Planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling is crucial for patterning of nodal cilia, yet downstream effectors driving this process remain elusive. We have examined the role of the JNK gene family, a proposed downstream component of PCP signalling, in the development and function of the zebrafish node. We show jnk1 and jnk2 specify length of nodal cilia, generate flow in the node and restrict southpaw to the left lateral plate mesoderm. Moreover, loss of asymmetric southpaw expression does not result in disturbances to asymmetric organ placement, supporting a model in which nodal flow may be dispensable for organ laterality. Later, jnk3 is required to restrict pitx2c expression to the left side and permit correct endodermal organ placement. This work uncovers multiple roles for the JNK gene family acting at different points during left-right axis establishment. It highlights extensive redundancy and indicates JNK activity is distinct from the PCP signalling pathway.
Nest predation risk and deposition of yolk steroids in a cavity-nesting songbird: an experimental test
Authors: Mouton James C. , Duckworth Renée A. , Paitz Ryan T. , Martin Thomas E.
Published: March 2022

Maternal hormones can shape offspring development and increase survival when predation risk is elevated. In songbirds, yolk androgens influence offspring growth and begging behaviors, which can help mitigate offspring predation risk in the nest. Other steroids may also be important for responding to nest predation risk, but non-androgen steroids have been poorly studied. We used a nest predator playback experiment and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) to assess whether nest predation risk influences deposition of 10 yolk steroids. We found no clear evidence that yolk androgen deposition changed when perception of nest predation risk was experimentally increased. However, elevated nest predation risk led to decreased yolk progesterone deposition. Overall, our results suggest yolk progesterone may be more important than yolk androgens in responses to offspring predation risk and highlight new avenues for research.
Data processing of three-dimensional vibrational spectroscopic chemical images for pharmaceutical applications
Authors: Carruthers Hannah , Clark Don , Clarke Fiona , Faulds Karen , Graham Duncan
Published: March 2022

Vibrational spectroscopic chemical imaging is a powerful tool in the pharmaceutical industry to assess the spatial distribution of components within pharmaceutical samples. Recently, the combination of vibrational spectroscopic chemical mapping with serial sectioning has provided a means to visualise the three-dimensional (3D) structure of a tablet matrix. There are recognised knowledge gaps in current tablet manufacturing processes, particularly regarding the size, shape and distribution of components within the final drug product. The performance of pharmaceutical tablets is known to be primarily influenced by the physical and chemical properties of the formulation. Here, we describe the data processing methods required to extract quantitative domain size and spatial distribution statistics from 3D vibrational spectroscopic chemical images. This provides a means to quantitatively describe the microstructure of a tablet matrix and is a powerful tool to overcome knowledge gaps in current tablet manufacturing processes, optimising formulation development.
Considering sustainability in projects: exploring the perspective of suppliers
Authors: Peenstra Rutger T. , Silvius A. J. Gilbert
Published: March 2022

Projects play an important role in the development towards a more sustainable society. Companies are integrating sustainability in their strategies, processes and actions. In the implementation of strategies, projects play an essential role. The relationship between sustainability and project management is therefore being addressed in a growing number of studies and publications and sustainability can be considered one of the recent trends in project management. However, there is still a gap between the literature on sustainability in project management and what is carried out in practice. A logical enabler for the consideration of sustainability in projects may be the demand of the client in the project, although the supplier’s strategy may also be an enabler of sustainability. This article therefore reports a study into the enablers of the integration of sustainability in projects as perceived by project suppliers. The study used Qmethodology to explore different subjective patterns of perceived enablers. Based on the factor analysis of 19 Q-sorts, we discovered three distinct patterns of enablers of the integration of sustainability, that we labelled as “Benefits driven”, “Demand and intrinsic motivation driven” and “Demand and Strategy driven”. As expected, the study found that for project suppliers, integrating sustainability in projects is strongly dependent on the demand and willingness of the customer to pay for sustainability. However, adoption of sustainability could also be a differentiator for suppliers. It should therefore be questioned whether a contractor should wait for the customer to ask for sustainability, or whether he should proactively take action himself.
The many facets of information systems (+projects) success
Authors: Varajão João
Published: March 2022

It is well accepted that Information Systems (IS) are critical for the competitiveness of virtually any human organization. However, IS need constant attention to fulfill their role and to keep pace with the changes of organizations. Therefore, the success of IS projects is crucial for the success of IS and, consequently, for the success of the organizations themselves since they are closely related. Given the complex nature of the participating objects and related concepts (e.g., people, information, processes, and technology), the perspectives of success and its influencing factors can be of high complexity. This complexity comes from various aspects that need to be recognized, considered and evaluated, as well as from the multiple interactions that occur between them. This article aims to contribute with new insights and a new way of addressing the success of projects and IS, by identifying and describing various important facets of success.
An interpretive study on the role of top managers in enterprise resource planning (ERP) business value creation
Authors: López-Muñoz José Fernando , Escribá-Esteve Alejandro
Published: March 2022

This paper contributes to the growing body of literature on enterprise resource planning (ERP) business value by investigating organizational ERP development in view of the active involvement, vision, and direction of top management teams (TMTs). A top-down approach to ERP adoption and implementation was adopted with sociomaterial and social construction assumptions about the mechanisms that generate ERP business value. A single ERP case study was analyzed in an industrial setting by interpretive means, thus providing theoretically based, detailed and interesting insights. Our research suggests that ERP benefits emerge during the TMT’s encounters with the ERP system through pragmatic action and situated improvisations. Our findings suggest that ERP adoption is strongly influenced by TMT characteristics and social processes, while complementary process-change needs are perceived by the executive participation during implementation. We also suggest that when the ERP system goes live, a synergistic relationship termed TMT-IT imbrication will create the technological infrastructure perceived as ERP value. At this postimplementation stage, various TMT characteristics and processes are proposed that greatly influence top managers’ patterns of imbrication behavior. Several propositions are developed and summarized in a framework to enhance the current understanding of managerial agency in achieving business benefits from ERP systems. The paper concludes with implications for top managers and future research directions.
M-Commerce, Sales Concentration, and Inventory Management
Authors: Jain Nitish , Tan Tom Fangyun
Published: March 2022

Problem definition: The mobile commerce (m-commerce) channel is poised to be the future of online markets. It offers search features distinct from conventional personal computer (PC)-based e-commerce channels. Its easy accessibility extends the time available for customers to search, although its shopping environment constraints (e.g., small screen size, single-tab browsing) may inflate search costs. Collectively, these competing features cause ambiguity about the mobile channel’s true effect on sales concentration—a key criterion in managing retail operations. The focus of this study is to understand the net impact of the mobile channel on driving sales concentration. Academic/practical relevance: Our study extends the empirical literature focusing on online retailers’ channel strategies and their implication on operations practice. It examines differences in primary online channels—mobile and PC—on shaping sales concentration across products and the cost of ignoring such a difference on inventory management, a core decision for operations managers. Methodology: We collaborate with a large online apparel retailer to access customer-level transactional data. We identify the mobile channel’s effect on sales concentration using a difference-in-differences strategy that leverages a quasi-experiment stemming from the retailer’s decision to discontinue its PC sales channel. Results: We find that the mobile channel increases the share of popular products by 6.4% compared with the PC channel. We also identify scenarios where ignoring this significant sales concentration difference will yield suboptimal inventory stocking by 4.2%–12.9%. Managerial implications: Our paper highlights that the mobile and PC channels have different sales concentrations because of different search features. Ignoring this difference affects inventory decisions, such as safety and cycle inventory levels. Therefore, it is imperative for managers to revise their status quo strategies, such as on inventory procurement, assortment planning, and product display, when integrating m-commerce with e-commerce.
When Funders Aren’t Customers: Reputation Management and Capability Underinvestment in Multiaudience Organizations
Authors: Keith David , Taylor Lauren , Paine James , Weisbach Richard , Dowidowicz Anthony
Published: March 2022

In contrast with for-profit companies, many “multiaudience” organizations, such as universities, hospitals, and nonprofits, receive revenues not just from customers but from third-party funders. This distinction is most stark in donative nonprofits that receive all of their funding from noncustomers and have long been perceived to underperform because of persistent underinvestment in organizational capabilities. In this paper, we explore how the need to manage funder perceptions influences how managers allocate resources to investment in organizational capabilities versus programmatic spending. We develop a model of capability dynamics based on fieldwork with six nonprofit organizations that incorporates the mechanism of reputation management. We argue that difficulties communicating the impact of nonprofits to donors often leads managers to instead focus on the amount of work being done, creating a bias toward programmatic spending. Analyzing our model, we show that a capability tipping threshold exists: for nonprofits with low capabilities, it is boundedly rational for managers to underinvest in organizational capabilities in order to manage donor perceptions even when this practice is known to limit performance. Our findings suggest that building high-performance nonprofits requires coordinated action between managers and donors to allow capability investments to accumulate. Counterintuitively, deliberately restraining programmatic expenditure (i.e., serving fewer recipients) while the organization builds its capabilities may be the best strategy for nonprofits to achieve sustained high performance and impact in the long run.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1579 .
Paramedics Connecting Through Applied Research (Paramedics CARe) Conference Canada 2021
Authors: Morita Plinio , Oetomo Arlene , Bowles Ron
Published: March 2022

The Justice Institute of British Columbia convened its first annual Paramedics Connecting Through Applied Research (Paramedics CARe) between May 27 2021 and June 11 2021 over four morning sessions held online. The conference was co-sponsored by the CSA Group, the Justice Institute of British Columbia, and the University of Waterloo through a Connections grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The aim of the Paramedics CARe is to mobilise knowledge on the latest research in Canadian paramedicine and foster intersectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration between academic researchers, educators, provincial and municipal governments, private small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that support paramedic practice, and the public through patient advocacy groups. In this Conference Report, the authors share some featured presentations, discuss lessons learned and visions for the future of paramedicine.
Engineering of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius for the production of a novel homoglutamate
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Israr Muhammad , Raza Muslim , Ahmad Bashir , Azizullah Azizullah , Ur Rehman Shafiq , Faheem Muhammad , Sun Xinxiao , Yuan Qipeng
Published: March 2022

The dramatic increase in healthcare costs has become a significant burden to this era. Many patients are unable to access medication because of the high price of drugs. Genetic engineering has made advances to increase the yield, titer, and productivity in the bio-based production of chemicals, materials of interest, and identification of innovative targets for drug discovery. Currently, the production of homoglutamate (α-Aminoadipic acid) involves petrochemical routes that are costly with low yield and often not suitable for industrial production. Here, we established the development of NADH-dependent homoglutamate by engineering NADH-dependent phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PDH) fromThermoactinomyces intermedius, which provides a novel tool for in-vivo metabolic engineering and in-vitro catalysis. Based on computational insight into the structure, we proposed the site-specific directed mutagenesis of the two important residues of PDH through docking simulations by AutoDock Vina which elucidated the binding mode of PDH with α-Ketoadipic acid and ligands. Our results demonstrated that the catalytic efficiencyKm/Kcatof the final mutant Ala135Arg showed a 3-fold increase amination activity towards the ketoadipic acid as compared to the other mutant Gly114Arg, a double mutant Gly114Arg/Ala135Arg, and wild typeTiPDH. Furthermore, we have introduced formate dehydrogenase as a cofactor regenerative system in this study which further made this study economically viable. Our study unfolds the possibility of biosynthesis of other non-proteinogenic amino acids that might be valuable pharmaceutical intermediaries.
Survival by design
Authors: Friedman Ken
Published: March 2022

Afterword by Ken Friedman
PREPARATION OF NIOBIUM (V) OXIDE WITH CONTROLLED DISPERSITY AND MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Golubeva N. K. , Danilovich D. P. , Nesmelov D. D. , Shabalkin I. D.
Published: March 2022

In this work, the effect of the annealing temperature and the chemical history of the precipitate on the morphology and phase composition of the Nb2O5 powder was studied. Nb2O5nH2O precipitate and gel-like niobium citrate were obtained by solution methods. The synthesis of niobium oxide was carried out at temperatures of 600, 1000, and 1200 °C, the synthesis products were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microscopy, and differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis. Annealing of niobium citrate at a temperature of 600 °C makes it possible to obtain niobium oxide particles with an average size of about 70 nm, which is 4 – 6 times smaller than Nb2O5 obtained from the Nb2O5nH2O precipitate.
OXIDE-CONTAINING MINERAL FIBERS: TYPES, METHODS OF PRODUCTION, APPLICATION AND MANUFACTURERS (REVIEW)
Authors: Krasniy B. L. , Ikonnikov K. I. , Lemeshev D. O. , Sizova A. S.
Published: March 2022

The article provides an overview of mineral oxide fibers of various chemical composition: aluminosilicate, alumina, silica, bio-soluble, zirconium oxide fibers and others. Methods for producing discrete and continuous fibers, such as spinning fibers from melts, sol-gel technology, spinning from solutions of metal salts, etc., are described. filtration for alumino-silicate and bio-soluble fibers; thermal insulation up to 1600 or 2000 C and reinforcement of composites used in the aerospace and defense industries for alumina fibers and fibers based on zirconium dioxide, etc. Producers of mineral oxide-containing fibers and products based on them abroad and in Russia are represented.
Investigation of the Views' of the Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on Suspending Special Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic Process
Authors: Arici Dogan Duygu , Gorgu Ertan
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine the views of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on curfew and suspension of special education during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was carried out with the mothers of children with ASD who attend a special education center in Gaziosmanpasa, Istanbul. The research is a qualitative study conducted in the phenomenology pattern. "Personal Information Form" and "Semi-Structured Interview Form" prepared by the researchers were used to collect the data, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with the mothers. The analysis of the data was made with the content analysis method. According to the results obtained from the research findings, it was determined that suspension of special education due to Covid-19 has positive and negative effects on children with ASD. When the positive effects are examined, it has been revealed that the pandemic has mostly experienced changes in family relations on children with ASD. The area with the highest negative effects was reported as behavioral problems.
Teacher Perspectives on Secondary School Students' Reactions to School Achievement in the High School Transition System
Authors: Aydin Burak , Yazici Hikmet
Published: March 2022

This research aims to gain a better knowledge of how the LGS System, which was implemented in 2017 after the TEOG System was withdrawn, reflects student achievement. The case study pattern was used in this study, which was conducted utilizing the qualitative research approach. The criteria sampling methodology is used in this study instead of the intended sampling methods. According to this, the research's study group consisted of 12 instructors who worked in Gumushane Central secondary schools and were given questions from their majors in the new test system. As a data-gathering method, researchers devised a semi-structured interview form. A theme analysis method is used to analyze the study data. The NVivo 11 package application is used to analyze the data. According to the research results, the LGS system is able to distinguish students in the lower, middle and upper quadrants, and the children in the upper quadrants have increased their high level of intellectual talents, motivation and academic achievement. In addition, students in the lower and middle quadrics were found to have decreased motivation, achievement, and self-sufficiency judgments as a result of the system. It was also discovered that students value courses based on their question coefficients and tests. While the TEOG System is generally regarded as beneficial, the exam is memorable and does not adequately acknowledge students in terms of academic achievement, which has been identified as a drawback. The study's findings have led to recommendations for a new assessment system and central and neighbourhood placement.
Naručitelji i graditeljska djelatnost u Trogiru u 15. stoljeću
Authors: Plosnić Škarić Ana
Published: March 2022

Trogir je grad s kontinuitetom življenja na skučenom, morem okruženom prostoru, duljim od dvije tisuće godina. Iz njegovih nebrojenih slojeva u ovom se radu razlažu arhitektonske i urbane mijene koje su se dogodile tijekom 15. stoljeća. U tom se smislu definiraju naručitelji i njihove potrebe te načini na koje su te potrebe mogle biti zadovoljene u već jasno definiranom i posve izgrađenom tkivu grada. Među naručiteljima nalazimo sve ondašnje građane i stanovnike koji su dali svoj obol izgledu Trogira, a od čega su mnogi pothvati sačuvani do današnjih dana. Riječ je o fortifikacijama i javnim zdanjima, katedrali, njenim aneksima, i crkvenim zdanjima, te brojim privatnim kućama i rezidencijama koje su tijekom tog stoljeća dozidavane i opremane novom arhitektonskom plastikom. Upravo je očuvanost tih zdanja i njihovih dijelova omogućila istraživanje čiji su rezultati podastrijeti u ovom radu te sagledani kroz perspektive naručitelja.
Golubić kod Knina – važan lokalitet za hrvatski rani srednji vijek
Authors: Uglešić Ante , Josipović Ivan
Published: March 2022

U članku se analizira jedan već otprije poznati te veći broj novopronađenih ulomaka predromaničkih reljefa iz današnje pravoslavne crkve Sv. Stefana u Golubiću kod Knina, od kojih su pojedini i prvi put objavljeni. Na temelju njihove detaljne obrade, navedeni su reljefi atribuirani dvjema klesarskim produkcijama 9. stoljeća, i to Trogirskoj klesarskoj radionici djelatnoj sredinom prve polovine 9. stoljeća te Benediktinskoj klesarskoj radionici iz vremena kneza Branimira. Nakon kraćeg ekskursa o povijesnim toponimima na užem prostoru današnjega Golubića, autori iznose pretpostavku da se u zidovima postojeće parohijske crkve u tom selu vjerojatno krije barem dio strukture izvorne predromaničke građevine s aksijalnim zvonikom i krajnje reduciranim westwerkom, a u čijoj su se unutrašnjosti tijekom 9. stoljeća dvaput mijenjale liturgijske instalacije. Time bi navedena sakralna građevina bila uvrštena u grupu najranijih karolinških crkava u Hrvatskoj, tj. u tzv. „misionarski sloj arhitekture” na teritoriju ranosrednjovjekovne hrvatske kneževine.
La educación en el Catatumbo desde las metáforas de la pandemia
Authors: Angarita Solano Jorge Andrés , Lázaro Quintero Manuel Andrés
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo pretende ilustrar la educación en el Catatumbo a través de cuatro metáforas que corresponden a cuatro medidas de precaución que se han vuelto cotidianas en la emergencia de la Covid-19, estas son: el tapabocas, lavarse las manos, la cuarentena y el distanciamiento social. La estructura metodológica de la investigación estuvo determinada del siguiente modo: 1) observación directa mediante la elaboración y aplicación del instrumento de recolección de información, en este caso la entrevista; 2) revisión documental y análisis de texto donde se referenciaron los diversos contextos del Catatumbo, principalmente en lo que tiene que ver con el campo de la educación; y 3) conclusiones y recomendaciones.
Book Publishing Patterns in Social Sciences and Humanities in Lithuania: Analysing Trends in DB “Lituanistika”
Authors: Gedutis Aldis , Kirtiklis Kęstutis , Kraniauskas Liutauras
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to reconstruct and analyse scholarly book (or monograph) publication patterns in Lithuanian Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) registered in national database “Lituanistika”. Database “Lituanistika” provides a good starting point and repository of empirical data as it indexes and abstracts different types of scholarly publications in SSH, monographs included. The empirical part of the research consists of finding registered monographs, attributing them to the individual SSH disciplines, comparing the number of monographs and scholarly articles in various SSH, and retracing the timeline of registered monographs across different disciplines etc. The analytical approach of our research is based on an idea of (social) constructivism. We aim at reconstructing the motives behind the publishing of scholarly books or abstaining from such practice. In this article we argue that the motives to publish (or not to publish) a scholarly book are a product of a broader Lithuanian social, institutional and disciplinary context, which influences and regulates the actions of individual SSH researchers.
Influencia del comercio electrónico en el desempeño financiero de las pymes en Manizales, Colombia
Authors: Cardona Arenas Carlos David , Quintero Renaud Santiago , Mora Quintero María Carolina , Castro Cardona Johana
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo medir la influencia del comercio electrónico en el desempeño financiero de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) del sector comercio en Manizales, Colombia. Con el propósito de alcanzar este objetivo, se desarrolló una metodología mixta estructurada en dos fases: en la primera, se realizó una encuesta de recolección de información semiestructurada a los empresarios que cumplieron con las características de la muestra seleccionada y, posteriormente, se hizo un análisis exploratorio descriptivo; en la segunda fase, se agrupó la información recogida por medio de la encuesta de recolección de información y las bases de datos que fueron suministradas por el sistema de información y reporte empresarial (Sirem) sobre el comportamiento financiero de las pymes. A esta información se le realizó un análisis estadístico y se aplicaron la prueba de chi cuadrado y anova (análisis de varianza), como también el desarrollo de los modelos de datos panel, de regresión lineal por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (mco) y logístico de respuesta binaria. Los principales resultados de la investigación demostraron la influencia positiva que ejerce el comercio electrónico en las variables financieras (ingresos, costos administrativos y ventas); es decir, se percibió un incremento de las ventas y una reducción de los costos operativos a partir de la implementación de estrategias digitales, como es el caso del comercio electrónico.
Base de datos para Efecto del HIIT en el estado anímico en personas con sobrepeso en un entrenamiento virtual y presencial
Authors: Rojas Ilama Víctor Daniel , Castro-Ramírez María Laura , Víquez-Arce Rodrigo , Jiménez-Díaz Judith , Montero-Herrera Bryan
Published: March 2022

El principal objetivo fue comparar los efectos de una sesión HIIT de 35 minutos, en modalidad virtual y presencial, en los estados anímicos y en el esfuerzo percibido en personas con sobrepeso. Se reclutaron un total de 13 personas (5 hombres y 8 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 37.85 ± 13.20 años (rango, 17 y 60 años) los cuales fueron asignados a cada una de las tres condiciones de manera aleatoria (control, entrenamiento presencial y entrenamiento virtual). Previo a, e inmediatamente después de cada una de las intervenciones se aplicó el test POMS para medir los estados anímicos. Con lo que respecta al esfuerzo percibido (EP), su medición se llevó a cabo finalizado cada uno de los ejercicios HIIT (no se evaluó durante el calentamiento y el retorno a la calma). Al aplicar un ANOVA de 2 vías de medidas repetidas (condición [3] x medición [2]) se encontró que tanto la tensión como el vigor después de haber aplicado el tratamiento presencial presentaron un aumento significativo, además la tensión aumentó en la sesión virtual. Por su parte, los valores de EP reportados en las mediciones de las sesiones presencial y virtual estuvieron por encima de lo sugerido en la literatura. En conclusión, una sesión de HIIT para personas con sobrepeso de manera presencial o virtual presenta resultados similares en los estados de ánimo, excepto el vigor, el cual incrementa solo en la condición presencial, las otras variables mostraron un comportamiento similar.