bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of midfrontal theta with transcranial ultrasound predicts greater approach versus withdrawal behavior in humans
Authors: Ziebell Philipp , Rodrigues Johannes , Forster André , Sanguinetti Joseph , Allen John JB , Hewig Johannes
Published: August 2022

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (LITFUS) is an emerging non-invasive neuromodulation technique that holds potential for precision targeting of deep brain regions while avoiding side effects such as headaches or skin irritations. Our double-blind within-subjects study (N = 152) utilized LITFUS targeting the right prefrontal cortex, which was found to positively enhance self-reported global mood in earlier work. Building on prior studies, we utilized a virtual T-maze task that enabled us to operationalize conflicts in approach versus withdrawal behavior while recording electroencephalographic midfrontal theta (MFT). As MFT has repeatedly been shown to be a marker of cognitive load and cognitive conflict, MFT power was predicted to be related to reduced approach and heightened withdrawal in behavioral conflict situations. We hypothesized LITFUS would positively enhance self-reported mood and decrease MFT, with the LITFUS-induced downregulation of MFT resulting in an amplification of approach behavior and a reduction of withdrawal behavior. Results indicated that LITFUS led to significant MFT decreases, which significantly predicted increases in approach behavior and decreases in withdrawal behavior. This study expands LITFUS evidence on a physiological and behavioral level with a large sample size of human subjects, suggesting the promise of further research based on this distinct LITFUS-MFT-behavior link to influence conflict monitoring and its behavioral consequences. Eventually, this can serve as a foundation for future clinical work to establish LITFUS interventions for emotional and motivational mental health.
Miners' Reward Elasticity and Stability of Competing Proof-of-Work Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Kawaguchi Kohei , Noda Shunya , Komiyama Junpei
Published: August 2022

The efficient processing of payments is crucial in transaction systems, particularly in those reliant on key cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin (BTC). However, the decentralized nature of these systems, coupled with the algorithmic incentives and competition among multiple cryptocurrencies for miners, poses significant challenges in analyzing transaction speed determination in Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrencies. To address these challenges, we developed a dynamic model of the multicurrency mining market where miners switch which currency to mine and identified the necessary and sufficient conditions for competing cryptocurrencies to maintain stable transaction speeds. We documented evidence of competition among cryptocurrencies for miners and estimated miners' hash supply reward elasticity using a discontinuity caused by "halving". We also conducted counterfactual simulations to examine the factors contributing to stability. Our results indicate that Bitcoin's stability heavily relies on external factors such as historical low hash-supply elasticity and interactions with other cryptocurrencies. Interestingly, despite their smaller size, Bitcoin's forks and their efficient difficulty adjustments significantly contribute to Bitcoin's stability. These findings imply that an algorithm upgrade to stabilize Bitcoin is highly recommended.
Bi-Univalent Condition Associated with the Modified Sigmoid Function
Authors: Hamzat Jamiu Olusegun , Akinwale Folorunso Isola
Published: August 2022

In the present work, the authors define and determine the bounds on the first few coefficients of the function f(Z) belonging to a new class of analytic functions with complex order associated with modified sigmoid function in the open unit disk.
Half Cauchy-Modified Exponential Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Chaudhary Arun Kumar , Kumar Vijay
Published: August 2022

A new distribution having three parameters using half Cauchy family of distribution named half Cauchy modified exponential distribution is deliberated and studied in this work. Its mathematical and statistical properties are examined. Model parameters of novel distribution are evaluated using least-square, maximum likelihood and Cramer-Von-Mises estimations approaches. R programming software is applied to carry out all of the calculations. To evaluate the new distribution's application and goodness-of-fit test, an actual data set is studied for illustration. The suggested new distribution is performed better as compared to some existing distributions.
Economic Welfare and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: An Overview of the First Half of 2020
Authors: Saka J.O.
Published: August 2022

Corona virus pandemic is a current misery not only to health status but also to economic wellbeing and to the world at large. This study examines the relationship between the pandemic outbreak and economic welfare using daily data on proximate economic welfare measures-real GDP and changes in consumer price index-and the disease indicator variables-discharge rate, fatality rate, spread rate and number of tested cases. The Prosperity theory is adopted and the estimation issue is rooted from the robust least squares technique due to the failed normality assumption of the conventional least squares. Results indicate that corona virus due to its spread lowers labour supply and causes production shortages and subsequently results in hike in price and loss of real income value. High discharge rate can increase real income value and hence economic welfare. Immediate Financing, regulatory, equity and diversification strategies are needed to revive the Nigerian economy.
Survival sex: Sexual agency and consent in a state of deprivation? A scoping review
Authors: Czechowski Konrad , Sylvestre John , Corsini-Munt Serena
Published: August 2022

Survival sex is the exchange of sex for material goods required for survival (i.e., shelter, food, drugs). Because this exchange occurs under conditions of deprivation, there is a power imbalance that limits the ability to freely consent to sex or to exercise sexual agency. This review aimed to examine the consent and sexual agency implications of survival sex and to identify which factors push people into greater levels of deprivation and vulnerability to engage in survival sex. We searched six databases and included 21 articles that discussed the sexual consent or sexual agency implications of survival sex and synthesized the study findings via qualitative analysis. We identified three themes as they relate to the consent or sexual agency implications of survival sex—power, coercion, and sexual agency—and five themes we called push factors into greater vulnerability to survival sex—hunger, patriarchy, poverty, substance use, and insecure housing. Each factor has the effect of limiting people’s capacity to consent to sex by creating a coercive environment that limits their power to exercise sexual agency. We found that women are at particular risk to be coerced into survival sex by other people or circumstances of deprivation. Our findings suggest that survival sex is often nonconsensual sex. In contrast to traditional approaches that consider survival sex a risk factor for sexual health, we discuss policy and advocacy efforts and apply a human rights perspective that considers how survival sex is a violation of personhood and autonomy.
Orta Amerika, Güneydoğu Asya ve Doğu Afrika Bölgelerinin İsimlendirilmesi ve Sınırlarının Tespit Edilmesi Sorunu
Authors: DEMİR Tarık
Published: August 2022

Siyasi coğrafyada bölgelerin isimlendirilmesi ve buna bağlı olarak bu bölgelerin sınırlarının tespiti konusu nispi bir özellik arz etmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada jeostratejik ve jeopolitik açıdan eksen konumda bulunan bölgelerden Orta Amerika, Güneydoğu Asya ve Doğu Afrika bölgelerinin tarihsel süreç içerisinde ne şekilde isimlendirildiği ve bu isimlendirmelere/toponimlere bağlı olarak sınırlarının nasıl değiştiği ve hangi mekânsal sınırlara karşılık geldiği ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada niteliksel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmak suretiyle öncelikle zikredilen bölgeler için ilgili literatürde kullanılan tanımlamalar incelenmiştir.
Duygu ve Zekâ Kavramlarına Sosyolojik Bakmak
Authors: DİRİMEŞE Erdem
Published: August 2022

Duygu ve zekâ kavramları daha çok bireysel psikolojinin konusu olarak değerlendirilmekte ve bu noktadan hareketle tanımlanmaktadır. Duygu ve zekânın kişiler arası ilişkiler ve toplumsal yönü, ya ihmal edilen bir alan ya da kişisel gelişim çalışmalarının mucizevi kavramları olarak görülmektedir. Oysaki popüler bakış açılarıyla tanımlanmaya çalışılan duygu ve zekâ kavramlarının doğru anlaşılması, onun toplumsal yönünün ihmal edilmemesi, kişiler arası ilişkilerin analizinde ve sosyolojik açıdan önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışmada, duygu ve zekâ kavramlarının tahlili ve aralarındaki ilişki ile ilgili tespitlere yer verilmiş, kişiler arası ilişkiler ve sosyolojik yönü bakımından önemi değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı bilim dallarında duygu ve zekâ kavramlarını tahlil ederek bu kavramların sadece fizyolojik ya da psikolojik kavramlar olmadığını aynı zamanda sosyolojik kavramlar olduğunu ortaya koymak, sosyoloji bilim alanında bu kavramların kullanımı ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi tartışarak, sosyolojik değerlendirmelerde doğru kavram ve tanımlamalara başvurulmasının önemini göstermektir. Analizlerin sonucunda duygu ve zekânın biyolojik, fizyolojik ve psikolojik kavramsallaştırmalarda genetik ve bireysel açıdan tanımlandığı ve anlamlandırıldığı ortaya konulmuştur. Sosyolojik kavramsallaştırmalarda ise kişiler arası ilişkiler ve iletişim, kültür ve toplum açısından kavramsallaştırıldığı anlaşılmıştır. Sosyoloji çalışmalarında yanlış kavramsallaştırmaların ve kullanımlarının önüne geçilebilmesi için kavramların bu noktadan tanımlanmasının gerekliliği, kavramların doğru şekilde anlaşılması ve kullanılmasının sosyolojik açıdan önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Loic Wacquant'da Kent, İktidar ve Toplum Kuramı
Authors: AKÇAOĞLU Aksu
Published: August 2022

Bu makale Loïc Wacquant’ın geliştirdiği özgün araştırma programının kent sosyolojisi için vaat ettiği imkanları konu alıyor. Loïc Wacquant, ampirik araştırmaları, kuramsal tartışmaları ve metodolojik açılımları bir arada yürüten, çağdaş sosyolojinin nadir total sosyologlarından biridir. Pierre Bourdieu sosyolojisinin önde gelen temsilcilerinden olan Wacquant, hocasının kavramsal çerçevesini genişleterek, marjinalleştirerek ve zaman zaman da farklı figürlerle sentezleyerek özgün bir yaklaşım üretir. Çalışma ilk olarak, bu özgün bakış açısının altında yatan ve Wacquant külliyatının omurgasını teşkil eden dört temel ilkeleye odaklanıyor. Sözünü ettiğimiz bu dört temel ilke, epistemolojik ihtiyat, uygulamalı Bourdieu sosyolojisi, etnografiyle iç içe geçmiş bedenden sosyoloji ve sabit-fikir savar olarak eleştiridir. Makale ardından Wacquant’ın Kent Paryaları’ndan Punishing the Poor’a uzanan çalışmalarının ana hatlarını ve temel kavramsal teçhizatını ele alıyor. Fransız sosyoloğun kentsel mekân, iktidar mücadeleleri ve bedensel eğilimler arasında kurmaya çalıştığı bağlantıların altı çiziliyor. Son olarak, Wacquant’ın ilişkisel sosyolojiyi temel alarak geliştirmeye çalıştığı kent sosyolojisi yaklaşımının Pierre Bourdieu külliyatındaki temelleri inceleniyor. Bourdieu’nün Cezayir’de yürüttüğü erken dönem çalışmalarından, Fransa’daki geç dönem çalışmalarına kadar kentsel mekâna dair ilgisinin farklı boyutları ve imaları tartışılıyor.
Studies on Nearctic species of Leucopis (Diptera: Chamaemyidae). I. The redescription of Nearctic Leucopis published before 1965
Authors: Tanasijtshuk V.N.
Published: August 2022

Revision of Nearctic types of Leucopis (Diptera, Chamaemyiidae) described before 1965 was realised. Types and corresponding materials were studied for the following species: L. americanica Malloch, 1921; L. atrifacies Aldrich, 1925; L. flavicornis Aldrich, 1914; L. maculata Thompson, 1910; L. major Malloch, 1921; L. monor Malloch, 1921; L. parallela Malloch, 1921; L. pemphigae Malloch, 1921; L. piniperda Malloch, 1921; L. simplex Loew, 1869.
A new species of the Ceutorhynchus inaffectatus group from Transcaucasia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Korotyaev B.A.
Published: August 2022

Ceutorhynchus mariannae sp. n. is described from Armenia and Azerbaijan. The new species is closely related to C. oculatus Colonnelli form NE Turkey, differing in the elongate antennal club, shorter and more widened apically rostrum with antennae in female attached in its middle, and more evenly rounded to the apex aedeagus.
Towards Dalit Ecologies
Authors: Prasad Indulata
Published: August 2022

The caste system has implications for the environmental experiences of Dalits (formerly “untouchables”). Dalits are disproportionately impacted by natural disasters and climate change because of their high dependence on natural resources and manual labor, including agriculture. Dalit viewpoints and ecological expertise nevertheless remain missing from the environmental literature and mainstream activism. Aligning with Black ecologies as a challenge to eco-racism, I use the term “Dalit ecologies” to conceptualize Dalit articulations with their environment and experiences of eco-casteism involving inequities such as their exclusions from natural resources and high vulnerability to pollution and waste. My analysis of scholarly literature finds that nature is caste-ized through the ideology of Hindu Brahminism that animates mainstream environmental activism in India. Dalit subjectivities and agency nevertheless remain evident in their literary and oral narratives and ongoing struggles for access to land, water, and other environmental resources.
Remote-Control Plantations and Black Forest Relations in the Black Belt
Authors: Purifoy Danielle M.
Published: August 2022

This article examines the contemporary timber industry as a reproduction of plantation power via remote control, which occurs through absentee landowners, Black family land grabs, new markets for energy, and legal regimes designed to “devalue” common property in favor of individual ownership and profit-seeking productivity. Multi-generation Black homeplaces and communities possess alternative modes of land relations to sustain themselves despite the friction between the economic interests forced by racial capitalism and the ecological interests arising from long-standing forest interdependence. With the Alabama Black Belt and the larger US South experiencing expansion of concentrated forestland ownership and local divestment, most recently through the rise of the biomass industry, the reciprocal traditions of Black forest traditions represent modes of land relation and intervention that are necessary for livable futures.
DYNAMICS OF INDICATIONS OF INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEUTRALS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND AND CERVIX AMONG THE FEMALE POPULATION OF POLTAVA REGION
Authors: Vovk O.Ya. , Golovanova I.A.
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women, its share in the structure of all oncological morbidity in the European region is 28%. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. We analyzed the statistical data of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine for 2012–2021, data of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, and data of the European Union of WHO as well as form No. 7 “Report on morbidity of malignant neoplasms”, Poltava. The analysis of dynamics from 2012-2021 was carried out. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Science (IBM SPSS) version 25.0. The comparative examination of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the breast and cervix in the female population of the Poltava region with the indicators for Ukraine demonstrates that neoplasms of the breast in women of the Poltava region occur 21.2% more often than in Ukraine as a whole, at the same time, cervical cancer among women of the Poltava region is registered 33.7% more often than in Ukraine. Over the period of 10 years, the mortality of the female population from malignant neoplasms of the breast and cervix has shown slight fluctuations. When compared with 2012, the mortality of women from cervical cancer tends to decrease. Hence, in 2020, the rate decreased by 13.6% (from 9.2 per 100.000 people in 2012 to 7.95 per 100.000 people in 2020). However, in 2021, this indicator increased to 9.3 per 100.000 people. The prevalence of breast neoplasms among the female population of the Poltava region indicates a 41.4% increase over the past 10 years (601.7 per 100.000 people in 2012 to 850.7 per 100.000 people in 2021). Over the past 10 years, the prevalence of cervical cancer tended to increase (+ 26.1%). In 2021, compared to the previous year, there was a slight reduction in the registration of this pathology, and there was also a drop in the growth rate (241.3 per 100.000 people in 2012 to 304.3 per 100.000 people in 2021).
THE FEATURES OF CLINICAL COURSE, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LITTRE'S HERNIA
Authors: Lyakhovskyi V.I. , Dudchenko M.O. , Horodova-Andrieieva T.V. , Sydorenko A.V. , Savchuk P.V.
Published: August 2022

Among the complications of Meckel's diverticulum, which are rare, it is necessary to note Littre's hernia – the strangulation in the external abdominal hernia and its location in the hernia’s sac. Meckel's diverticulum is a protrusion of the wall of the ileum, which is formed as a result of incomplete obliteration of the bile duct, which is involved in embryotrophy. It occurs most often in inguinal and femoral hernias. This pathology is rarely observed in clinical practice, therefore, we present the clinical case of Littre's hernia. The aim of this research is to describe the features of the clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment of Littre's hernia, as well as to draw attention to the existence of such a disease. Clinical case. Patient V., born in 1960, was urgently admitted to the surgical department on January 19, 2022, with a diagnosis of “Strangulation of the left inguinal hernia”. On admission, he complained of acute pain in the protrusive area of the left inguinal zone. From the anamnesis: he had felt acute symptoms about two hours before admission. He had been noticing a bulge in the left inguinal area for 20 years. The patient was examined at the department and urgently operated on under spinal anesthesia. We conducted the resection of Meckel's diverticulum with allohernioplasty by Lichtenstein on the left. Postoperative diagnosis: strangulated left-sided inguinal hernia with strangulation of Meckel's diverticulum of the small intestine (Littre's hernia). The course of the postoperative period was uneventful. He was discharged from the hospital on the 7th day in satisfactory condition. At the time of discharge, the postoperative wound healed with primary tension. The patient was examined after 2 months: there were complaints of minor pain in the area of the postoperative wound during physical activity. The postoperative scar is in satisfactory condition. Thus, Littre's hernia is a rare surgical disease and is subject to urgent surgical treatment. At the same time, the scope of surgical treatment is determined during the operation and assessment of the condition of the intestine and diverticulum.
Sosialisasi Upaya Meningkatkan Imunitas Tubuh Anak dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 di Posyandu Mekar Sari
Authors: Ningsih Widia
Published: August 2022

To prevent this transmission, it can be done by increase the body's immune system. The problem that occurs in the community is the lack of understanding of parents regarding the Covid-19 pandemic. This socialization was named Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) by Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of State University of Medan which was held at the Mekar Sari Posyandu. The aim of this socialization is to provide counseling and understanding to the community about the importance of maintaining and improving children's immunity in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. The method of this socialization consists of preparation, implementation, and evaluation, solving. This socialization is carried out with a participatory educative approach by carrying out socialization of Covid-19 prevention
EDUKASI MASYARAKAT MENGENAI GEJALA CEMAS
Authors: Akbar Resti Rahmadika , Anissa Mutiara , Hariyani Insil Pendri , Rafli Rhandyka
Published: August 2022

In the last two years, society has been faced with a global problem, namely a pandemic, which is related to various aspects of life. Daily life and work are affected by these circumstances. Mental health, especially anxiety, stress and even depression can be felt by the community. For this reason, by providing education about symptoms of anxiety, it is hoped that the community will be aware and be able to determine when to ask for help and self-management so that the functions of daily life are not disrupted. For this reason, by providing education about symptoms of anxiety, it is hoped that the community will be aware of and be able to determine when to ask for help and self-management so that the functions of daily life are not disrupted.
Perlindungan Buah Jambu Kristal dari Serangan Lalat Buah Sebagai Optimalisasi Kualitas di Desa Tamanagung Kecamatan Cluring Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Saputra Tri Wahyu
Published: August 2022

Tamanagung Village, Cluring District, Banyuwangi Regency is one area that cultivates crystal guava fruit for markets in areas in East Java and even big cities in Indonesia. However, one of the difficulties for farmers is to maintain good quality crystal guava and meet market criteria such as crunchy texture, sweetness, slightly runny, no spots, not rotten and free from maggots. Crystal guava fruit can be sold for Rp. 5,000.00 to Rp. 6,000.00 per kilogram but can drop dramatically if there is a decrease in fruit quality. In this service, fruit cover was chosen as this technology to protect crystal guava fruit (Psidium guajava) from fruit fly (Bactrocera spp.) attacks. The focus of this service program is the use of technology that is simple but can be applied quickly by farmers and has a real impact on cultivation results. Protection provides better yields such as avoiding fruit defects, is of higher quality and will increase the selling value of crystal guava fruit. In the end, this program will be able to increase the economic welfare of crystal guava farmers. It is hoped that the positive impact felt by farmers in community service locations can also be felt by farmers in other areas.
Pengenalan Budidaya Lebah Trigona di Desa Arga Indah Satu Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Senoaji Gunggung , Nuryatin Nani , Lukman Agung Hasan , Susanti Elvi
Published: August 2022

Trigona bee cultivation will produce honey that is beneficial for health and can be a source of community income. This activity is very suitable to be applied in rural areas that have a green environment with various types of plants. This community service activity is intended to introduce the community in Arga Indah Satu Village to trigona bee cultivation. By introducing this trigona bee cultivation, it is hoped that it can produce pure honey and improve the quality of the environment by planting various kinds of bee food plants. In this service activity, the methods used are problem observation, preparation of tools and materials, counseling, and demonstration of bee-feeding plants. After the completion of this service, it is hoped that the community will have good knowledge about trigona bee cultivation and be able to apply their knowledge in their respective yards. The results of this community service are increasing the knowledge of the village community about trigona bee cultivation, and improving the quality of the environment through planting with various types of bee feed plants. The results of trigona bee cultivation can be a new source of income
Environmentally Responsible Values, Attitudes and Behaviours of Indian Consumers
Authors: Majumder Rajarshi , Plotkina Daria , Rabeson Landisoa
Published: August 2022

This study explored the relationship between egoistic, altruistic and biospheric values and pro-environmental attitudes, as well as their impact on the pro-environmental behaviours of Indian consumers. India is currently facing the burgeoning challenge of a rapidly increasing urban population, which is leading to waste segregation issues in households and the need for sustainable green products due to rising awareness among consumers. The goal of this research was to understand the effect of Indian consumers’ values and pro-environmental attitudes on the following three specific behaviours: waste-sorting intention, green-consumption intention and social-activity intention. The authors found that values were positively related to pro-environmental attitudes, which in turn positively impacted the three pro-environmental behaviours. These findings suggest that, in order to strengthen individuals’ perceptions of the individual benefits of a cleaner and better environment, marketers should promote responsible consumption in tandem with government policymakers.
Innovative and Sustainable Materials for Naval Applications Through National Cooperative Research: The Experience of the THALASSA Project
Authors: Panfiglio Simone , Di Bella Guido , Proverbio Edoardo , Calabrese Lugi , Visco Annamaria , Cicala Gianluca , Sarasini Fabrizio , Buffa Gianluca
Published: August 2022

THALASSA is a large research project, developed in the field of the naval structures. It aimed at studying innovative solutions of significant impact in increasing environmental sustainability through a weight reduction, a careful production planning and a circular approach to the entire life cycle of the parts, from design to the disposal/recycle/reuse. The project is led by NAVTEC Technological District and it is composed of a large team counting more than 300 researchers of several centres among which the CNR institutes, the Universities of Messina, Palermo, Catania, Roma “La Sapienza”, and Udine. Innovative solutions for industrial processes of greatest interest for some major national shipbuilding operators such as Azimut Benetti and Fincantieri or for shipowner such as Caronte&Tourits have been investigated, and players such as ATRIA have been assisted in the formulation of innovative coatings. The presence of NAVTEC District has allowed to concentrate the field of action on themes of strong industrial interest and at the same time to widen the research action on a number of different topics with a view on the entire product life cycle. The district allowed to network skills, laboratories and resources that individually would not have led to carry out activities on such a high number of variables, in terms of materials and joint types. Several issues have been addressed, by identifying solutions thanks to skills of the industrial players, such as: joining technologies (i.e. etching / texturing laser, clinching, self piercing riveting, co-curing, bonding, friction stir welding); eco and bio-sustainable composite reinforced by natural (i.e. vegetable or mineral) and hybrid fibres; degree of recoverability of traditional or bio-resins; corrosion of conventional metal structures and processes for increasing the useful life; and innovative coatings that are combined with the functional protection needs of the structures.
CFD Prediction of the Asymmetrical Shaft Unbalance During Ship Maneuvers
Authors: Villa Diego , Gaggero Stefano
Published: August 2022

The paper explores the accuracy of a low-cost CFD based approach to evaluate the propeller load variation experienced during manoeuvring conditions. The proposed procedure is based on the inclusion, in the ship hydrodynamic analyses by RANS, of the propeller effect through a body-force approach calibrated on BEM calculation to realize a computationally efficient method. Numerical results have been compared with the literature available experimental data performed on the well-known DTMB5415 benchmark test case, where the thrusts experienced by both of her propellers during dedicated Captive Model Tests were recorded. Both pure drift and pure yaw tests have been considered in the numerical campaign to cover the entire kinematic conditions involved during standard IMO manoeuvres. To prove the effectiveness of the method, also a severe turning circle condition is evaluated. The comparison shows the maturity of these numerical calculations, even if based on a simplified approach, to correctly evaluate the propeller unbalance, opening the way to the application of the proposed method to investigate the causes of load variations in manoeuvre conditions and directly in manoeuvre simulations.
Cyber Resilience of Automated and Autonomous Ships
Authors: Carrara Enrico
Published: August 2022

Modern automation systems on-board ships perform a variety of complex tasks, offering a great range of options for optimizing ship operation. Interaction between on-board computer-based automation systems and between on-board systems and remote monitoring or control stations has become a key factor for successful and economical ship operation, yet demanding high integration, connection, communication, and control of the interacting components. Complexity and interconnection of computer-based systems on ships however open the possibility for cyber-attacks to affect personnel data, human safety, the safety of the ship, and threaten the marine environment. It is then necessary to safeguard ships and shipping in general from current and emerging cyber threats adopting countermeasures to make ships cyber resilient. With the advent of unmanned and autonomous ships (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships – MASS), several tasks and functions traditionally carried out by humans are becoming blurred. While in conventional ship operation seafarers play a role in all functions and interact with ship’s systems and the environment, MASS technologies bring changes in how tasks are carried out and how duties and responsibilities are assigned. Partially or totally replacing the human element e.g. in decision making processes and/or interaction with traditional automation systems and the environment, MASS technologies bring new specific cyber-resilience and safety challenges that need to be addressed and require new approaches to risk management. In this article, minimum requirements for cyber resilience of traditional ships are described, based on the work carried out by the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) and new cyber-related challenges posed by MASS technologies are outlined.
Experimental Analysis of Cavitation Erosion on Blade Root of Controllable Pitch Propeller
Authors: Abbasi Afaq Ahmed , Viviani Michele , Bertetta Daniele , Delucchi Marina , Ricotti Rico , Tani Giorgio
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the cavitation erosion on the blade root of a model scale controllable pitch propeller. Tests are carried out in a cavitation tunnel, using the soft paint technique to study cavitation erosion, exploiting also two standard cameras and one high speed camera to study the damage patterns and cavitation dynamics, respectively. Standard cameras are placed on the top of test section in order to periodically monitor the occurrence of damages on the layer of paint. The high-speed camera has been used instead to analyse bubble dynamics and identify potentially erosive phenomena. Three different cavitation bubble structures on the blade root have been identified in the present study: streak cavitation, spherical bubble cavitation, and twisting bubble cavitation. The paint tests results have been analysed together with high-speed videos, showing a remarkable agreement between the occurrence of damage and cavitation collapse phenomena. The results demonstrated two regions on the propeller blade root with high risk of erosion: (1) suction side blade root showed significant damage pattern due to single bubble as well as bubble assembly collapse, and (2) pressure side blade root showed slight damage pattern due to spherical bubble collapse.
Alternative Assessment of Passenger Ship Safety – Early Results from the EU Project FLARE
Authors: Maccari Alessandro , Hirdaris Spyros , Breuillard Antoine , Conti Fabien , Vassalos Dracos
Published: August 2022

Mitigating flooding risk through passive and active measures is a key step in further increasing the safety of shipping, reducing loss of life and damage to the environment. This paper presents key findings from the EU Horizons 2020 project FLARE (FLooding Accident REsponse) that introduces a novel risk-based methodology beyond the state-of-the-art for “live” flooding risk assessment and control, with potential application to new and existing ships. The project develops a flooding accident model – based on statistics and first-principles tools – that aims to assess the frequencies of flooding events whilst accounting for pertinent environmental conditions and design parameters including ship crashworthiness. Cost-effective risk control options are under evaluation and possible recommendations and/or amendments to the regulatory framework will be submitted to the IMO.
Fluid Structure Interaction in Marine Applications Using Open-Source Tools
Authors: Caccia Claudio G. , Bailardi Giovanni , Guerrero Joel , Marini Davide
Published: August 2022

The current paper describes the successful attempt to simulate coupled fluid structure interaction of a 3D solid object using open source software. Often the design of hydrodynamic appendages is performed separately by CFD and FEM simulations. The coupling of structural deformation with fluid dynamic pressure is generally done explicitly with a loose coupling implementation between engineers of different departments. In the present work we propose a tight coupling CFD+FEM solver solution where the FSI simulation is run in one environment only. First, a validation with surface piercing hydrofoil [7] is performed and then the derived methodology/setup between MBDyn, preCICE and OpenFOAM is applied to a typical hydrofoil case.
Innovative Solutions for the Integration of Medical Facilities on dual-use Naval Ships
Authors: Norcia Nicola , Bertagna Serena , Braidotti Luca , Bucci Vittorio , Marino Alberto
Published: August 2022

According to the historical and social context and the evolution of technologies, medical care onboard ships has been a requirement of variable priority throughout the ship design. Strangely, this statement is much more evident in the field of naval ships, where there is a greater probability of injured or sick personnel when operating in warfare scenarios or humanitarian operations. NATO provides simple prescriptive recommendations, which indicate the health care and assistance facilities that naval units must offer. The classification describes the operational capabilities of the ship’s health facility using the word “Role”, depending on the response in terms of available treatments. The level is assigned with progressively increasing capabilities from Role 1 up to Role 4, which requires a complete operational response. On naval ships, the need to integrate many requirements minimises the design margins regarding the use of onboard volumes. In spite of the particular mission profile of naval units, the medical treatment capability is often underestimated. Indeed, it is necessary to reserve an appropriate part of the overall space onboard to rationally allocate adequate medical facilities. In this paper, the integration of innovative medical facilities with Role 2 Enhanced capability within the general arrangements of an LPD ship is presented. Furthermore, the 90 m2-wide hospital enables the dual-use of the military ship more effectively. Specifically, the accommodations onboard are convertible to beds for patients, whilst complying with all safety and survivability criteria.
Association of Dementia and Patient Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-center Rétrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: H Vekaria Pratikkumar , Syed Areej , Anderson Jeffrey , Cornett Brendon , Bourbia Amine , G Flynn Michael , Kashyap Rahul , R Shah Asif
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

We conducted a retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 patients with and without dementia by extracting data from the HCA Healthcare Enterprise Data Warehouse between January-September 2020.

AIMS

To describe the role of patients' baseline characteristics specifically dementia in determining overall health outcomes in COVID-19 patients. 

METHODS

We grouped in-patients who had ICD-10 codes for dementia (DM) with age and gender-matched (1:2) patients without dementia (ND). Our primary outcome variables were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, ICU-free days, mechanical ventilation (MV) use, MV-free days and 90-day re-admission.

RESULTS

Matching provided similar age and sex in DM and ND groups. BMI (median, 25.8 vs. 27.6) and proportion of patients who had smoked (23.3% vs. 31.3%) were lower in DM than in ND patients. The median (IQR) Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was higher in dementia patients 7 (5-10) vs. 5 (3-7, p < 0.01). Higher mortality was observed in DM group (30.8%) vs. ND group (26.4%, p < 0.01) as an unadjusted univariate analysis. The 90-day readmission was not different (32.1% vs. 31.8%, p=0.8). In logistic regression analysis, the odds of dying were not different between patients in DM and ND groups (OR=1.0; 95% CI 0.86-1.17), but the odds of ICU admissions were significantly lower for dementia patients (OR=0.58, 95% CI 0.51-0.66).

CONCLUSIONS

Our data showed that COVID-19 patients with dementia did not fare substantially worse, but in fact, fared better when certain metrics were considered.
Junior schoolchildren financial literacy fundamentals formation at mathematics lessons in the New Ukrainian school
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University, Bakhmat Nataliia
Published: August 2022

The article considers modern approaches to the formation of entrepreneurial competence and financial literacy of junior high school students. The modern requirements for the formation of entrepreneurial competence and financial literacy in mathematics lessons in primary school are analyzed; the meaning of “financial literacy” is clarified, by which we mean a set of basic knowledge in finance, banking, insurance and personal finance budgeting, which allows individuals to properly select the necessary financial product or service, assess the financial situation in the family, make financial commitments and assess the risks associated with them, accumulate savings and identify dubious (fraudulent) schemes for investing own funds and savings. It is established that the main methodological approaches to the formation of financial literacy and entrepreneurship in junior high school students are the competence, personality-activity, practice-oriented, contextual, integrative and subjective approaches. It is determined that among the effective methods for the formation of entrepreneurial competence and financial literacy of junior students in mathematics lessons in primary school the primary school teachers see: "One – two – together", "Decision Tree", "Brainstorming", "Mini Studies". It is substantiated that using tasks with economic content at mathematics lessons in primary school contributes to the basics of financial literacy, introduces practical orientation and implements the Concept of the new Ukrainian school to form one of the basic competencies – entrepreneurship and financial literacy. It is proved that the formation of financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence in the study of mathematics by younger students gives positive results, because: economic knowledge is useful and available for 1-4 year students, interesting for children, parents and teachers; starting school, the child takes the first steps into adult life, so that he does not get lost there and become a financially prosperous person in the future, it is necessary to learn basic knowledge of financial literacy and acquire entrepreneurial skills; by gaining financial knowledge and entrepreneurial skills, the child will be able to consciously think about his future. Managing personal finances, it will be able to make smart decisions, form the right financial and entrepreneurial habits and use its knowledge in practice.
“The law of Jante”: its place in Denmark’s preschool
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University, Hazina Iryna
Published: August 2022

The article analyses the features of Danish preschool education system, notably, it focuses on the influence of informal rules of conduct that exist in the Scandinavian countries, known as the "Law of Jante" concerning the method of educating preschool children. The relevance of this issue is determined by several factors. Firstly, it is Scandinavian countries (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland) that are marked with one of the highest living standards, high social standards, which encourages us to study their experience. Secondly, these countries traditionally had close (political, economic, cultural) ties with Ukraine. Nowadays, it is important to take into account the educational principles of the Scandinavian countries in the process of reforming the educational sector of Ukraine. Danish education system is of particular interest. That is where the happiest nation in the world lives. Despite the fact that even in Denmark itself there is a widespread belief that the "Law of Jante" (it was made famous by the Danish-Norwegian writer Aksel Sandemose, who wrote a book "A Fugitive Crosses His Tracks", published in 1933) has long been an anachronism and its influence is not traced in life of modern society in Denmark, Sweden or Norway (opponents of the "Law" emphasize that it promotes destruction of individuality, mediocrity, lack of initiative and the tendency to stay in the shadow of others), the author argues that, firstly, the principles of "Law of Jante" are still applied, defining the so-called Scandinavian mentality of the inhabitants of Northern Europe. Secondly, the Law itself contains quite positive principles that enhance the formation of a sense of collectivism, mutual respect, the priority of public interests, modesty, etc. And in conclusion, the article uses the examples of building relationships between children, children and teachers in Danish preschools to argue that these principles dominate in the system of educating young people of "the happiest nation in the world".
Directions and principles of education in schools of Pidkarpatska Rus as a major factor of development of disciplines of the humanitarian cycle
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Depchynska Ivetta
Published: August 2022

In the article the author reveals the main directions and principles of education in public schools of Pidkarpatska Rus, such as: religious, spiritual, moral, patriotic, physical, labor, aesthetic. In addition, the systematization of pedagogical views of contemporary educators, in turn, made it possible to identify and disclose the most important educational principles of organizing the content of school humanities education in the period: religiosity, nationality, morality and humanism, spirituality, multiculturalism, individual approach and educational training. The principle of religiosity was considered as one of the main principles that covered the entire educational process. Religious education was based on the systematic guidance of the child to the attribution of human virtues and was an effective way of moral education, the development of moral norms of behavior, the formation of human worldview in general. The people of Pidkarpatska Rus loved their culture, language, history and traditions. Thus, the principle of nationality was manifested in the knowledge of the national language, the history of the native land and people, fostering the will and constant work for the benefit of the people. In the process of the formation of a comprehensively developed personality, the leading place belongs to moral education. The principle of morality and humanism was traced throughout the educational process, as children acquired moral virtues on their own, life experience, regardless of the influence and views of others, understanding of good and evil, truth and falsehood. The principle of educational training stemmed from the laws of education in public schools, where the personality of the teacher contributed to its implementation. In the early twentieth century, the principle of multiculturalism was closely linked to the harmonious development of ideological and moral, aesthetic and emotional means of upbringing children of different nationalities, their impact on the process of educating morality, spirituality and aesthetic values of the people. This principle is still relevant today. Certain principles and directions of education in the teaching of the humanities in schools of Pidkarpatska Rus lay the seeds for the formation of humanitarian values, moral qualities, ideals of personality formation at the present stage of education, as well as of competence training of students and are of crucial importance.
Problems of modern music pedagogy in the training of future music arts teachers
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University, Voievidko Liudmyla
Published: August 2022

The article considers topical problems of modern music pedagogy in the process of professional training of future teachers for general secondary education. The discipline of the curriculum “Problems of modern music pedagogy” has a prominent place in the educational-professional program Secondary education (Music art) of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 014 Secondary education (Music art) in the field of knowledge 01 Education / Pedagogy. It is envisaged that after mastering the discipline the students will get the competence to generalize the provisions of modern music pedagogy as the science; to determine the basic laws and principles of modern music education, tendencies of its development in Ukraine and abroad; to study methodological approaches and principles that should be used in the educational process in general secondary education. The acquisition of the discipline should contribute to improving the level of methodological, performing, researching and music-educational activities of the future teacher of music; develoing creative, methodical and researching abilities of students of the second (Master's) level of higher education. These abilities are the key for the formation of musical and pedagogical competences of the future teacher of musical art. The article defines the criteria for assessing the knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies for higher education students in the implementation of the educational and professional program. The peculiarities of the discipline are outlined, including the purpose, tasks and content of the learners’ education. The possibility of deepening knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies of students at the second master's level of higher education for a worthy implementation during teaching is also considered; of forming in students the ability to research and implement modern innovative musical and pedagogical achievements into their own practice of teaching disciplines of musical art; of forming the ability to critically comprehend new trends in music art, to use professional knowledge for analyzing the sociocultural situation and identifying problems of music art in education, which in combination represents a new approach to organizing the educational process and improves its quality and efficiency.