bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of XmnI Polymorphism with Foetal Haemoglobin Level and Severity of Thalassaemia in Children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Baruah Aditi , Naina Kumari , Gogoi Arpita , Baruah Pritanu Deb , Hazarika Gautam , Hazarika Lu-cretia
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The North-eastern Region of India has been a rich reservoir of haemoglobinopathies and thalassaemias. Genetic modifiers, commonly known as ameliorating factors, like co-inheritance of α-thalassaemia, excess α genes, the presence of the XmnI Gγ polymorphism and BCL11 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), influence the reduction of the severity of Beta-thalassaemia. Early genetic diagnosis can aid in predicting a better prognosis and lower morbidity in thalassaemic children. Aim: To find out the XmnI polymorphism among thalassaemic children admitted to the Paediatric Department for regular blood transfusions and to assess the relationship between XmnI polymorphism, disease severity and foetal haemoglobin levels. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was done from June 2020 to May 2021 in the Department of Paediatrics and Anatomy at Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, India. A total of 96 thalassaemic children presenting to the thalassaemia daycare centre of the Paediatrics Department for repeated blood transfusions were included. Data collected from history and examination findings were recorded and the presence of XmnI polymorphism in their blood was tested using the Polymerase Chain ReactionRestriction Fragment-length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The association of XmnI polymorphism with disease severity and foetal haemoglobin levels was analysed using the Chi-square test, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age of the children was 10.1±4.4 years (range: 2 to 18 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 0.95:1. Among the participants, 59 (61.46%) had Haemoglobin (Hb) E-β thalassaemia and 37 (38.54%) had β thalassaemia homozygous type. A total of 47 (48.96%) children exhibited the presence of XmnI polymorphism, of which 16 (34%) had β-thalassaemia homozygous and 31 (66%) had Hb E-β thalassaemia. A significant association was found between this polymorphism and disease severity (p<0.001), but no significant association was observed with HbF levels (p=0.089). XmnI polymorphism was associated with hepatomegaly and stunting. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the presence of XmnI polymorphism in thalassaemic children was associated with decreased disease severity, as these children presented at a later age and required fewer blood transfusions than those without this polymorphism. No association was found between XmnI polymorphism and HbF levels in the present study.
Osteochondral Fragment Fixation in Transient Patellar Dislocation of an Adolescent: A Case Report
Authors: Patil Vishal S , Muneer Mohammed Talha , Kaneria Setu
Published: October 2024

Osteochondral Fractures (OCFs) of the patella are common in adolescents due to ligament laxity and weak osteochondral junctions. OCFs following patellar dislocation are particularly challenging in this age group. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) aids in comprehensive evaluation, and surgical fixation with bioabsorbable sutures is a reliable treatment option. Early intervention and proper rehabilitation are essential to ensure optimal outcomes and prevent long-term complications. The present case report details the presentation, diagnosis, surgical intervention and outcome of a 16-year-old male with an OCF following patellar dislocation. Examination revealed significant ligament laxity and patellar hypermobility, along with patella alta (Insall-Salvati ratio of 2.1) on the affected side. The neurovascular examination was normal. Initial X-rays showed no abnormalities; however, Computed Tomography (CT) and MRI scans revealed a displaced OCF fragment in the anterior intercondylar region, along with lateral patellar tilt, marrow contusion, chondral delamination and partial thickness tearing of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL). Surgical intervention involved open reduction and internal fixation using absorbable Vicryl sutures. Postoperatively, the patient was immobilised for six weeks, followed by a structured rehabilitation program. The patient achieved a full range of motion and restored knee function within six months, with satisfactory radiographic and functional outcomes. At the latest follow-up, the knee range of motion was from 0 degrees of extension to 130 degrees of flexion, with complete pain alleviation. OCFs of the patella in adolescents require timely diagnosis and intervention to prevent degenerative changes. MRI is essential for evaluating soft tissue injuries. Surgical fixation using bioabsorbable sutures provides effective treatment, offering strong fixation without the need for implant removal. Addressing associated injuries, such as MPFL tears, is crucial to prevent recurrent dislocation.
Histopathological Profile of Lung Lesions- An Autopsy Study at a Tertiary Care Centre, Kerala, India
Authors: Suresh Swapna , Ali Shameem Kasthuri Ummer , Kumaran Unmesh Ayyanchira , Raman Jayasree
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Autopsy plays a crucial role in understanding and identifying pulmonary pathology, encompassing non neoplastic lesions, neoplastic conditions and the secondary implications of the lungs in terminal events of cardiovascular diseases. Pathological analysis confirms diagnosis and identifies the prevalence of lesions, contributing significantly to medical understanding and patient care. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of lung pathology in autopsy specimens through Histopathological Examination (HPE). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional one-year study was conducted to determine the histopathological alterations in 132 lung autopsy specimens from Medicolegal autopsies received in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care centre in Government Medical College, Cochin, Kerala, India from January 2021 to December 2021. Autopsy specimens of the lung were fixed in 10% formalin. Following gross examination, tissue sections were processed with paraffin and subjected to staining, with microscopy findings recorded. The data was numerically coded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used for descriptive statistics and graphical representations of findings. Results: The mean age of the study population, comprising 132 autopsy cases, was 49.41±52.12 years and the male-to- female ratio was 3.71:1. Most cases 97/132 (73.50%) involved sudden deaths where the cause remained unknown. Significant microscopic findings found in 117 (88.63%) cases were as follows: Pulmonary oedema and congestion: 61 (46.21%), Pneumonia: 17 (12.87%), Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD): 12 (9.09%), Chronic venous congestion: 8 (6.06%), Tuberculosis: 7 (5.30%), Emphysema: 7 (5.30%), Pulmonary fibrosis: 1 (0.75%), Fat embolism: 1 (0.75%) and Pulmonary arterial hypertension: 1 (0.75%). Neoplastic lesions were identified in 7 (5.30%) cases, with primary lung cancers accounting for 3 (2.27%) cases. There were 10 cases of Real-time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), positive Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) autopsies, of which 6 (60%) exhibited DAD, while 4 (40%) showed changes of bronchopneumonia. Conclusion: Non neoplastic lesions such as pulmonary oedema, DAD and infections contributed to mortality in most cases. DAD was the most common lung finding in more than half of COVID- 19 deaths. The prevalence of pulmonary neoplastic lesions in autopsies underscores their epidemiological significance in a particular geographical area.
Zinc: A Critical Micronutrient for Children’s Health
Authors: Ciampo Luiz Antonio Del , Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes Del
Published: October 2024

Zinc is one of the most abundant micronutrients in the human body, found in all tissues and playing an important role in vital structural, regulatory, hormonal and catalytic functions. Zinc deficiency is a major public health problem that affects almost one fifth of the world's population, being more common in low-income countries, where diets are poor in zinc sources, impacting morbidity and mortality rates, especially among children under five years of age. This narrative review updates the state of the art on the subject, highlighting the importance of zinc for metabolism, its metabolic roles and absorption issues, the clinical repercussions of deficiency conditions among children and points out some actions that can be implemented to reduce the severity of the problem, like supplementation, fortification, and biofortification that are proposed to mitigate zinc deficiency.
A Comparative Study on Proximate Composition of Odisha’s Local Bantal Variety Banana Peel (Musa paradisiaca) Flour with Cereals Flour for Their Value Addition
Authors: Sahoo Anushriya , Lenka Chandrashree
Published: October 2024

Aims: The objectives of the present endeavour was to analyse the proximate composition of locally available Bantala variety green banana peel flour (dry) and its comparison with nutrient content of cereals flour and other research findings.
Study Design: Experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in Bhubaneswar city of Odisha, India.
Methodology: The peels of locally available plantain were collected, blanched for5minutes at 100°C, strained, dried in hot air oven for 5-6 hours at 80°C and repeated till a constant weight was obtained. Then the dried peels were powdered and used for analysis of moisture, protein, carbohydrate, fat, fibre and ash using AOAC methods.
Results: The results of the present study revealed that the local banana peel flour contain 8.65g/100g Moisture, 11.81g/100g Protein, 6.7g/100g Fat,66.05g/100g Carbohydrate, 6.79g/100g Ash, 11.5g/100g Fibre and 371.74kcal/100g calorie which proved to be a potential source of energy, protein, carbohydrate and crude fibre in comparison to research findings of other studies. It was also interesting to note that the nutrient content of banana peel flours were at par with protein and carbohydrate content of rice and rice products and wheat and wheat products (NIN, ICMR).
Conclusion: Thus findings of the present research concluded that the Banana peel flours can be utilised as a potential source of nutrition to address the challenges of food insecurity with value addition.
Characteristics of Vibration Sources and Their Propagation Properties in Shield Construction
Authors: Wang Runze
Published: October 2024

The vibration generated during the shield construction process may have an impact on the surrounding environment and structures, so it is particularly important to study the characteristics of its vibration sources and propagation properties. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the main vibration sources of the shield machine during the construction process, including the vibration frequency, amplitude distribution and so on. Through the literature research of various experts and scholars, the change rule of vibration sources under different working conditions is explored, and the propagation characteristics of vibration in the soil body are studied. This study can provide reference basis for vibration control and environmental protection during shield construction. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the vibration during shield construction is mainly generated by the interaction between the cutter plate and the surrounding rock; 2) the frequency of vibration caused by shield construction is mainly in the range of 0~80Hz, and the amplitude is related to the nature of the excavated soil and the construction parameters; 3) the vibration tends to decrease with the increase of the distance, and the high-frequency vibration propagates faster than the low-frequency attenuation in the soil body.
Assessing the District-Wise Growth and Instability of Rice Production in Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Jambhulkar Nitiprasad Namdeorao , Mondal Biswajit , Paul Sudipta , Kumar G. A. K.
Published: October 2024

Rice is the crop which is cultivated in 6 ft below sea level as well as at 2700 ft higher altitude from the sea level. In India farmers mainly depend on rainfall for its production as it depends on weather conditions. Therefore, there is a need to study the fluctuation in the production. Fluctuation in growth rate as well as instability affects the price and overall supply of product in the region. Chhattisgarh state contributes 8.1% rice area and 6.2% rice production of the country in 2021-22. Its contribution plays vital role in agricultural growth of the country. But, yield of the state is less than the national average yield. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken to analyze the growth rate and instability in area, production and yield of rice in Chhattisgarh state. District-wise compound annual growth rate and Instability index have been computed for various periods from 2000-01 to 2019-20. The districts have been classified into five classes based on instability. Growth rate ranges from -0.10 to 0.04 for area, 2.02 to 4.01 for production and 1.98 to 4.12 for yield in the state. The highest growth rate was recorded for production in period I while lowest growth rate was recorded for area in period II across the districts and periods. The instability of the state ranges from 0.80 to 1.92 for area; 13.21 to 24.43 for production and 12.97 to 23.73 for yield. Highest instability was observed for yield and lowest instability was recorded for area in period I. None of the districts were classified as very high instability for area, production and yield in all the periods. Similarly, none of the districts were classified as medium and high instability for area; and very low instability for production and yield. The study may be useful for planners of Chhattisgarh state to implement the plan for the state at district level based on the result of the study.
Assessment of Constraints to the Implementation of International Health Regulation at the Point of Entry in Lagos Nigeria
Authors: Adewoye Solomon Olayinka , Adiama Yusuf , Afolabi Opasola Olaniyi , Amoo Adebayo, Buliyaminu
Published: October 2024

The effective implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) at points of entry is crucial for safeguarding public health and preventing the spread of infectious diseases across borders. However, the process faces significant constraints that hinder its success. This study aims to assess the key constraints impeding the successful implementation of IHR at various points of entry in Lagos, Nigeria, specifically at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Seme Land Border, and the Lagos Sea Port. A descriptive correlational research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to customs officials, immigration officers, health professionals, and other relevant stakeholders.The study revealed that factors such as inadequate knowledge among personnel, insufficient resources, and limited interagency collaboration are major barriers to effective IHR implementation. The analysis showed a significant relationship between years of experience and knowledge of IHR implementation, highlighting the importance of continuous training and capacity building. Additionally, challenges related to resource availability, including insufficient equipment, lack of personnel, and inadequate facilities, were found to critically affect the implementation process. Despite the majority of respondents indicating adequate physical facilities, a substantial funding gap was identified, underscoring the need for improved financial support to enhance IHR enforcement.The study recommends that addressing these constraints through targeted interventions, including enhanced training programs, better resource allocation, and stronger interagency coordination, is essential for strengthening health security at points of entry in Lagos. The study emphasizes the critical role of sustained investment in infrastructure, training, and interagency collaboration to achieve the full potential of IHR in protecting public health.
Ascorbic Acid Mediated Amelioration of Bridelia micrantha Induced Alterations in Haematological, Histological and Proximate Composition of the Carcass of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Ayotunde Ezekiel Olatunji , Igbang Kenneth Sunday
Published: October 2024

Acute and sub-acute exposure of piscicidal plant Bridelia micrantha (BM) during fishing of Sharptooth Catfish Clarias gariepinus juvenile causes alterations in haematological, histological and the carcass analysis. The result of water quality shows the normal value for fish culture in the tropics, the DO2 level of the water varies slightly such that the T1 , T2 , T3, T5and T0 were in the normal range,  conductivity followed by T2 whereas T1 had the least value for conductivity, which the mean differences were statistically not significant (p>0.05) among the individual treatments. There was severe alterations in haematology, of Clarias gariepinus exposed to Brandelia micrantha, at 0.00,  0.042, 0.084, 0.126, 0.168 and  0.21mg/l during 60days of exposure periods, blood analysis show a reduction in white blood cell (mg/l)), Haemoglobin, Red blood cell (mg/l) Haemoglobin (g/dl), Lymphocytes (mg/l), Mean cell volume (fl), Mean cell concentration, tissue analysis indicated an alterations in the gill, liver and kidney while tissue analysis reveals severe degeneration   of the renal tissue  with   severe  intra renal necrosis   (TN)    and inflammatory cell aggregate   (IC) with tubular atrophy (TA) in some areas and carcass analysis show severe reduction  in Moisture (M), Crude Protein (CP) (Mg/l), Crude Lipid (CL), Ash, Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), and Energy (kcal/100g). The recovery of C. gariepinus from Bridelia micrantha (BM) was evaluated by exposing C. gariepinus to a 60-days depuration, on ascorbic acid (AA) supplemented diet at concentrations of 0.00, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125ml/l. After 60-days depuration some of the lesions in histological, haematological and proximate composition of the carcass attained different stages of recovery as compared to the control.
Analysis of Proximate Composition of Shingi Fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) Fed with Poultry Offal Protein-Rich Formulated Feed under Captive Conditions
Authors: Sultana Nahid , Rana Md. Juwel , Khan Md. Aslam
Published: October 2024

The experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of poultry offal protein-rich formulated feed on the proximate composition of shingi fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) using four treatments and three replications over 60 days. By using the method of AOAC, dry matter (DM), moisture, crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and total ash were measured to observe the composition of shingi fish after feeding formulated feed. According to the study, shingi fish fed four distinct poultry offal-formulated feeds—Diet-1 (30% FM + 0% POM), Diet-2 (20% FM + 10% POM), Diet-3 (10% FM + 20% POM), and Diet-4 (0% FM + 30% POM)—had their proximate compositions changed. During the first phase, shingi fingerlings' proximate composition was ascertained to be 80.15% moisture, 19.85% dry matter, 58.51% crude protein, 13.02% ash, and 10.21% crude fat. After culturing with different formulated diets, the mean values of moisture, dry matter, crude protein, total ash, and crude fat were found 78.54%, 21.48%, 60.47%, 13.14%, and 12.04%, respectively. The study found significant variations (p<0.05) in proximate composition between fingerling Shingi and those cultured with poultry offal-formulated diets. Among the formulated feds, diets-4 displayed the highest amount of crude protein (62.12%) and the lowest ash contents (12.14%) while Diet 3 contained the highest amount of dry matter (22.89%), ash (12.41%), and lipid contents (13.98%). The study suggests that poultry offal prepared-fed could be a low-cost, locally accessible protein substitute for fish meals that would also help sustainably farmed fisheries to boost fish yield.
Parenting Styles as Predictors of Adolescents’ Susceptibility to Peer Pressure in Secondary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Orji Ruth O. , Ugoji Florence N. , Obiunu Jude J.
Published: October 2024

This study examined the relationship among the four levels of parenting styles and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents in Anambra State, Nigeria. Six research questions and saix hypotheses guided the study. The design of the study was correlational research design. The population comprised 55,696 adolescents in senior secondary schools in Anambra State. A sample size of 1,000 senior secondary school students were selected through proportionate stratified and convenience sampling techniques. The research instrument that was used in the study is a validated and reliable questionnaire. Multiple regression statistics was used to test hypotheses 1-5 while the Fisher-z statistics were used to test hypothesis 6. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between four parenting styles and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents; that there is a significant relationship between authoritative parenting style and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents; that there is a significant relationship between authoritarian parenting style and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents; that there is a significant relationship between permissive parenting style and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents; and that there is a significant relationship between neglecting parenting style and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents. The study however, revealed that there is no significant moderating impact of sex in the relationship between parenting styles and peer pressure among senior secondary school Adolescents in Anambra State. On the basis of these findings, it was recommended amongst others, that Guidance counsellors should provide parenting workshops and resources that educate parents on the different parenting styles and the importance of fostering open communication, clear expectations, and warmth in the parent-child relationship, regardless of the specific style used.
Infant Food Flours Made from Local Products to Combat Acute Malnutrition in Children Under 5 Years Old in Côte D’ivoire
Authors: Mariame Cissé , Carine Assoumou Ebah , Athanase Otchoumou Kraidy , Joseph Kouadio Natia , Severin Kra Kouassi Aboutou
Published: October 2024

In Côte d'Ivoire, recurring stock shortages and difficulties in accessing specialized food products compromise nutritional treatment. This study proposes food formulas of flours composed of locally available products capable of meeting the protein-energy needs of children aged 6 to 59 months diagnosed with moderate acute malnutrition.
The methodological approach consists of formulating and determining the physicochemical, nutrient, and functional characteristics of four new formulations (1F, 2F, 3F, 4F, and 5F).
The results indicate that the formulated foods have high levels of calcium (215.60-252,29 mg/100g MS), potassium (555,70-789,29 mg/100 g MS), magnesium (261,26-200,63 mg/100g MS), iron (4,86-7,03 mg/100g MS) and phosphorus (392,36 -469,36 mg/100g MS). The fat content varies from 9.66% to 23.86%. The energy value determined for all flours corresponds well to the Codex. The food formulas developed would also be able to meet more than 100% of the daily requirement of vitamins E and B1. The phytate (180.26 - 227.05 mg/100 g) and oxalate (66.00 - 88.00 mg/100 g) contents are low. The presence of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids (7.78-15.44 mg/100 g) and antioxidant activity (31.09-32.84%) would be a significant asset. The levels of deoxynivalenol (62 μg/kg) recorded in flours are below 200 μg/kg recommended for infants and young children.
The proposed formulations have high-water absorption capacity (136.15 -252.94%) and high solubility index (56.84 -59.2%). The wettability time ranges from 3.66 ± 0.16 s to 33.71 ± 0.23 s. Flours (1F, 2F, 3F, 5F) have a better absorption capacity for refined palm oil (132 %, 139 %, 121 %; 115 %).
The proposed new formulations have nutritional characteristics close to standard data and could therefore be recommended for children aged 6 to 59 months for complementary feeding in the context of the fight against moderate acute malnutrition.
New Plasmid Constructs for Production of Yeast Based Oral Vaccines
Authors: Hossain Sk Amir , Biswas Keya Rani , Akter Rima
Published: October 2024

In order to avoid conventional vaccines, there is an urgent need to look for new ways of vaccine generation that can cut down the cost, time, and the need for special requirements during storage and distribution. The development of oral peptide/protein-based vaccines could be an ideal alternative. Five expression plasmids are designed in this work for the production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based oral vaccines.  Therefore, in this work genetic cassette with different organizations of the required genetic components for efficient gene expression is constructed in the pYES2 plasmid.  The construction of five new plasmids for surface display of heterologous recombinant proteins in S. cerevisiae would enable easy insertion of the gene of interest into an optimized genetic cassette consisting of a strong host promoter GAL1, HA-tag for detection of recombinant enzymes, GAS1 gene with/without binding sequence coded for GAS1 cell wall protein and signal sequence for directing the protein into the secretory pathway. After the construction of the genetic cassettes, E gene coded for envelope protein of Chikungunya and Dengue virus is inserted in the genetic cassettes. Genetic models pYES2HAGAS1EgeneChikungunya, pYES2HAGAS1 Egene Dengue, pYES2GAS1 Egene ChikungunyaHA, and pYES2GAS1EGeneDengueHA are constructed with different genetic organizations to display envelope protein of Chikungunya and Dengue virus in the cell surface of S. cerevisiae. In the pYES2SignalEGeneDengueHA construction, envelope protein will be secreted by S. cerevisiae into the media. The constructed vectors are specialized to regulate the expression and surface display of heterologous recombinant proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and will be suitable for large-scale oral vaccine production.
Chilgoza Pine: A Comprehensive Review on Ecology, Cultivation, and Economic Potential of an Underutilized Nut Crop
Authors: Singh Abhishek Pratap , Krishnamoorthi A. , Ranganna G. , Kumar Pothuraju Pradeep , S Prabakaran , N U Vani , Sharma Shivali , Kumar Ashok
Published: October 2024

Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana L.) is an underutilized nut crop native to the high-altitude regions of South Asia, particularly the western Himalayas. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of Chilgoza pine's ecology, cultivation practices, and economic potential. The review synthesizes current knowledge on the tree’s ecological requirements, including its adaptation to arid and mountainous environments. It examines cultivation techniques, challenges faced in agronomic practices, and recent advancements in improving yield and quality. Additionally, the economic potential of Chilgoza pine is explored, highlighting its role in local economies, market trends, and opportunities for commercialization. This review underscores the significance of Chilgoza pine in sustainable agriculture and its potential as a high-value nut crop.
Effect of Foliar Application of Humic Acid on Vegetative Growth Attributes of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels.) cv. Goma Priyanka
Authors: Meena Monika Kumari , Bhatnagar P. , Bharadwaj Moomal , Shukla Usha , Yadav Anil Kumar
Published: October 2024

A field experiment was carried out at Instructional Farm, Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry in Jhalarapatan, Jhalawar during 2021-22 and 2022-23 with the object of assessing the response of foliar application of humic acid on growth attributes of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) cv. Goma Priyanka. The experiment comprised of 4 treatment combinations in randomized block design with three replications consisted of HA0: [Control], HA1: [1000ppm humic acid], HA2: [2000 ppm humic acid], and HA3: [3000 ppm humic acid]. On the basis of the results emanated from present investigation, it could be concluded that foliar application of humic acid HA3 (3000 ppm) was significantly superior plant growth parameters viz. rootstock girth, scion girth, plant height, canopy volume, canopy spread E-W, N-S, of Jamun cv. Goma Priyanka plants.
Failures In Implantology: A Review Article
Authors: Sabu Dr Riya , Basil Dr Merin , Harikumar Dr Girish , T Dr Aby Mathew , Kuriakose Dr Rene
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence and dental technology are combining, as the globe gets more technologically advanced. Implants have advanced from a stage of wishful thinking to one of the most rewarding experiences for patients and treating fraternity alike for the rehabilitation and retention of dental and facial prosthesis. The long-term survival rate of implants and the restorations they support is quite high. But there are complications associated with implant treatment. Due to the complexity of biological processes, local or systemic factors may impede them, potentially leading to issues and implant failure. It is critical for implant surgeons and other dental professionals to manage patients who have specific risk factors and to be prepared to handle problems and failure. The aim of this article is to discuss frequent complications of implant failure and its management and help clinicians in placing and restoring implants
Virtual Surgical Planning For Correction Of Laterognathia – A Case Report
Authors: Laxmi Dr.R.Bhuvana , MDS,DNB Dr.A.Thangavelu , MDS Dr.R.Murugan , P Dr .Akash.
Published: October 2024

Orthognathic surgery, aimed at correcting jaw deformities, requires precise planning to achieve optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. Traditional methods, reliant on two-dimensional imaging and manual model surgery, present limitations in accuracy and predictability. Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP), utilizing threedimensional imaging and computer-aided design, has emerged as a transformative tool in this field. The integration of VSP in orthognathic surgery demonstrated a significant improvement in the accuracy of surgical outcomes, with a high correlation between the planned and actual postoperative skeletal positions. VSP also contributed to reduced surgical time and minimized intraoperative errors. Additionally, patient satisfaction scores were notably higher due to enhanced aesthetic and functional results.
Genetic Aspects Of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Dimitrovski Dimitar , Stankovska Gordana , Memedi Imran
Published: October 2024

Autism spectrum disorder is a clinically and etiologically heterogeneous group, affecting 1 in 59 children. The etiopathogenesis of these, basically, neurodevelopment disorders, has been the subject of research by numerous researchers for more than two decades, and involves complex genetic, environmental, and epigenetic mechanisms. Hundreds of genes have been identified that contribute to serious deficits in communication, social relations and patient behavior. So the main objective of the paper is to explain the way in which genetic modifiers and epigenetic changes have a key role in modulating the phenotypic spectrum of patients with autism spectrum disorder. The systematic review of literature is based on a review of the available scientific papers. Following PRISMA’s instructions, a systematic review of published papers in the period from 2016 to 2024 was performed. Our study included literature published in the MEDLINE/PubMed database in which the following keywords were used during the search: “autismspectrum disorder”, “pervasive developmental disorder”, “risk factors”, “genetics”, “phenotypic spectrumof ASD”, “genes”, “epigenetic mechanisms”. Тhe obtained results show that the genetic factor increases the risk for development of autism spectrum disorder. More genes have been identified that are involved in the development of autism spectrum disorder, such as: ADNP, ANK2, CHD2, CNTN4, DSCAM, etc. In addition to genetic variants, there is also evidence of de novo gene variants. At the same time, chromosomal deletions or duplications were found in patients, such as the following: 15q11.2, BP1-BP2, 16p11.2 and 15q13.3. Copy number variations are submicroscopic, structural variants in chromosomes that include duplications, deletions, translocations, and inversions, sometimes stretching several kilo bases. Many genes may be affected with these changes, but not all are necessarily drivers of disease. Epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation and chemical histone modification are mechanisms that affect gene expression without changing the primary structure of genes. Genetic research so far has enabled us to consider autism spectrum disorder from a different angle, and understand its etiopathogenesis as a complex interaction between genes and environmental factors as a predisposition for its occurrence
Intracranial Hypertension Revealing Neuro-Behçet Disease With Favourable Outcome After Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Authors: Majdaoui H. , Najim S. , Bouch J. , Elkhateb I. , Jennane R. , Belfkih R.
Published: October 2024

A 39-year-old man had been diagnosed after rolling out all the other possible causes as having intracranial hypertension with bilateral papilledema secondary to Behçet’s disease with normal MRI scan. Despite treatment with steroids, methylprednisolone and repetitive LPs, he had little to no improvement. The patient later underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation with corticosteroid therapy and adjuvant treatment with topiramate and acetazolamide, which resulted in symptoms improvement. Thus, it is important to consider NBD in the differential diagnosis of patients with intracranial hypertension and bilateral papilledema and also ventriculoperitoneal shunting as an effective therapeutic alternative when medical treatment fail to normalize the intracranial hypertension building up
Mexican Delphi Consensus For Use Immunotherapy With MV130 Vaccine In Patients With Recurrent Respiratory Infectious Diseases (Expert Panel)
Authors: JC Herrera García , AB Arizpe Bravo , V Hernandez Treviño , S Sanchez , PD Landa Alvarado , A Carrasco Castillo , GF Rosales Magallanes , LK Perez Juárez , MA Gamboa Y Gamboa , AR Aranda López , J Field Cortazares , G López Sánchez , F Mondragón Guarneros , B Pech Alonso , MA Ramirez Crescencio
Published: October 2024

Background and objectives: recurrent respiratory infections are currently a public health problem due to their high costs and resistance to treatments as well increase morbidity and mortality. An imbalance in the homeostasis of progressive cellular and humoral immunity the application of immunotherapy with trained immunity vaccines (ivie) is currently a therapeutic option in all patients with recurrent respiratory infections by training innate and adaptive immunity by reducing episodes of respiratory exacerbations and improving the quality of life of patients. Methods: using delphi method and a panel of experts, a questionnaire was developed that included questions regarding the benefit and non-benefit of the treatment of patients with persistence of recurrent respiratory infections by specific criteria, from diagnosis, identification of risk factors and comorbidities, ideal candidate by consensus to receive the therapy, follow-up, and presentation of clinical data for reduction of recurrence of the conditions. There was a consensus on determining the use of immunotherapy mv130 vaccine in patients with specific criteria as long- and short-term use. Conclusion: immunotherapy with trained immunity vaccines (ivie) is currently a therapeutic option in all patients with recurrent respiratory infections and associated comorbidities in patients with chronic respiratory illnesses, autoimmune diseases, hematological malignancies for improvement clinical infections and improvement quality of life.
Finger Pulp Injuries Treated With Needle And Figure Of 8 Suturing
Authors: S Dr. Arunagiri , Mohan Dr. Shyam , R Dr. Vinod , Senthil Dr. L , Rajeendran Dr. Rahul
Published: October 2024

Background: injuries to the finger pulp are encountered in occupational, household work and rta.in the present study, fingertip injuries were treated by reducing the fracture fragments, repositioning the nail plate in the nail fold, and securing it with the needle vertical figure of eight tension band sutures. Objective: to know the clinical outcomes of finger pulp injuries treated with 23g needle fixation and figure of 8 suturing. Methodology: 15 patients were included in the study. The study was done at chennai, tamil nadu, a.c.s. Medical college and hospital on patients with finger pulp injuries in casualty as an outpatient. This interventional study was done for 12 months. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: most of the patients were aged above 18. Most of the patients were males. The thumb finger was most commonly involved. The right side is more commonly affected. All patients were given antibiotics orally for 2 weeks. Fracture healing happened in 6 weeks for most of the patients. Union was achieved in 8 to 9 weeks for most of the patients. Conclusion: using an 23g needle instead of k-wire fixation for treating associated fractures of the distal phalanx has enhanced versatility and yielded good outcomes. This approach also circumvents the formal repair of the nail bed, promoting smooth healing of the injury
A Review On Human Brucellosis: An Important Occupational Hazard
Authors: Sandhu Dr Kanwarpreet Singh , Trehan Dr. Shubam
Published: October 2024

Human brucellosis is a re-emerging and neglected zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp., with Brucella melitensis being the principal cause worldwide. Despite the disease's prevalence, serological surveillance is not routinely practiced, even in countries where Brucella is endemic. Although eradication efforts have been successful in many developed and developing countries, brucellosis continues to pose a significant health risk to both animals and humans. Transmission to humans occurs by direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their products. Veterinary professionals, especially those conducting per-vaginal examinations without proper protective gear, and animal handlers are particularly vulnerable to infection. The pathogenesis of brucellosis is complex, involving bacterial invasion of host cells, immune evasion, and the potential for chronic infection. In humans, brucellosis often becomes chronic, but in acute cases, it presents as undulant fever with nonspecific symptoms. To reduce morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis and timely antibiotic treatment are most important. For diagnosis of Brucella spp. reliable, rapid, sensitive, specific, easy-to-perform, and automated detection systems are urgently required. Currently, there is no safe and effective vaccine available for humans. Prevention relies on controlling the disease in domestic livestock, primarily through mass vaccination, effective heat treatment of dairy products, and hygienic precautions to minimize occupational exposure. Treatment requires prolonged antibiotic therapy with a combination of drugs. To control human brucellosis, awareness programs, safe livestock practices, and timely diagnosis are essential
A Rare Case Of Inhalational Organophosphorus Toxicity
Authors: Karunanithi Sobana , Ravikumar Jayashree , Duraisamy Santhosh , Karunanithi Avinash
Published: October 2024

Organophosphorus poisoning is commonly encountered in agricultural settings where the usage of pesticides is more. These compounds are also known for their potential as chemical warfare agents due to their toxic effects on the nervous system. This case report highlights a rare incident of acute inhalation organophosphorus poisoning in a 38-year-old male, who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of giddiness, nausea, vomiting and generalized fatigue. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in managing this potential life-threatening condition. The patient's clinical presentation, diagnostic findings and treatment are discussed here
Use Of Ketamine In Refractory Status Epilepticus With Hemodynamic Instability
Authors: Aadarsh Dr. Palukurthi Moses , Pg Dr. Tharun , Reddy Dr. Prudhvinatha Chama , Meghna Dr. Nithya Shreya , Natta Dr. Ratna Kumar
Published: October 2024

The use of benzodiazepines, such as midazolam, as a last-resort treatment for refractory status epilepticus is widely practiced, particularly in patients who are hemodynamically stable. However, as the dosage of this antiepileptic agent is increased, it potentiates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity, which can lead to hypotension and subsequently necessitate the administration of vasopressor agents, especially in cases involving hemodynamic instability, as illustrated by this case where a young man who arrived at the emergency department with complaints of epileptic seizures and was already on regular anti-epileptic medications. During a seizure episode in the department, he was administered intravenous Lorazepam according to standard protocol to stop the seizure, and then placed on an IV infusion of Midazolam. However, his hemodynamics became unstable due to the side effects of the benzodiazepines administered. To address this instability, the decision was made to initiate an infusion of Ketamine along with a low dose of Midazolam. This combination successfully terminated the epileptic activity and stabilized his hemodynamics. In these instances, either concurrent or standalone administration of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists might prove beneficial for managing refractory status epilepticus. For example, ketamine infusion can inhibit the reuptake of catecholamines into the systemic circulation, thereby aiding in the maintenance of blood pressure in hemodynamically unstable patients. The initial application of a combined third-line therapy, which involves blocking NMDA receptors while simultaneously enhancing GABAergic activity, appears promising for the management of refractory status epilepticus
Contemporary Trends Used By Orthodontists in Various Dental Institutes of Madhya Pradesh- A State Survey
Authors: Mehrotra Dr. Rani , Shrivastava Dr. Nitya , Jangde Dr. Ankita
Published: October 2024

Objective- the aim of this study was to evaluate contemporary trends used by orthodontists in dental institutes in madhya pradesh. Material and method- a questionnaire study was conducted by handing out anonymous paper questionnaires form consisted of 30 multiple choice questions to elicit information about current trends in orthodontic practice filled by 100 orthodontists of m.p. Observation- a total 100 orthodontist of m.p. Participates in this survey and the result obtained under following headings current diagnostic aids used by orthodontists, current use of fixed appliance therapy, practise of lingual orthodontics in m.p., current trend in extraction therapy, current use of functional appliance, current use of tads (temporary anchorage devices) in orthodontics, type of retainer & retension period followed by trends in accelerated orthodontics and aligners Conclusion: the study concluded that recent technologies were satisfactorily used by the most of orthodontist in m.p. But along with this there is also some improvement in this field for betterment
Management Of Septic Shock Et Causa Secondary Peritonitis With Complications Acute Kidney Injury And Hospital Acquired Pneumonia In Treated Patients In The Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ziarah Sitti , . Faisal , Nurdin Haizah , Palinrungi Ari Santri
Published: October 2024

Bacground: Sepsis and Septic shock are reported to be the most common causes of death in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The reported incidence of sepsis in the world varies between 100-300 per 100,000 world population per year. Data in Indonesia itself is still limited. Peritonitis is a case of sepsis that often occurs. The mortality rate increases when it develops into septic shock. It can occur together with nosocomal infections. More than 40% of patients with septic shock also suffer from acute kidney injury (AKI). One case of sepsis which developed into septic shock due to secondary peritonitis, which was also complicated by acute kidney injury and hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) was reported. Case Report: Male, 51 years old, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with sepsis due to secondary peritonitis, underwent laparotomy. In the course of treatment, experienced septic shock, human acquired pneumonia, acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia, hypoalbuminemia. Treated for 6 days with mechanical ventilation, given antibiotics according to culture and vasopressor support. Improvement occurred on day 6, with minimal vasopressor support as well as resolution and improvement. Conclusion: Early management of critical patients regarding fluid resuscitation, mechanical ventilation management, antibiotic management, AKI management and management of HAP according to culture, is expected to reduce mortality rates and provide good outcomes
Early Surgical Intervention In Large Mca Infarction: Meta-Analysis Report
Authors: . .
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of early surgical intervention, specifically decompressive craniectomy (DC), in patients with large middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing early surgical intervention with medical management. Results: Early surgical intervention demonstrated a significant reduction in mortality and improved functional outcomes, particularly in younger patients. However, it was associated with increased complication rates. Conclusion: Early surgical intervention can benefit select patients with large MCA infarctions, but careful patient selection is essential.