bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hay Yield, Quality and Competition of Hungarian Vetch (Vicia pannonica) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Intercropping
Authors: ÖNAL AŞCI Özlem , KANDİŞ Tuğba , KAŞKO ARICI Yeliz
Published: November 2020

A 2-year field study was carried out to determine the hay yield, quality, and competition of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) mixtures at various ratios (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60; 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 0:100) in the coastal region of the Black Sea (Ordu, Turkey). The plots were harvested during the filling period of the lower beans in Hungarian vetch. The field experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with 4 replications for each year. Hay yield, crude protein ratio and yield, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and interspecies competition of the mixtures were determined. It was determined that sole Hungarian vetch planting and Hungarian vetch-Italian ryegrass mixtures had higher hay yield and quality scores compared to sole Italian ryegrass planting. The highest hay and crude protein yield (respectively; 4026 and 732.6 kg ha-1) was obtained from 90% Hungarian vetch + 10% Italian ryegrass mixture and it revealed lower ADF and NDF ratios than any other mixtures. There was no statistical difference between the land equivalent ratio (LER) values of the mixtures; however, Italian ryegrass was found to be more aggressive in the mixtures. These results suggest that, in temperate and rainy regions, 90% Hungarian vetch + 10% Italian ryegrass mixture for winter sowing could be cultured.
Beban Kerja Fisik dan Iklim Kerja dengan Status Hidrasi Pekerja Unit P2 Bagian (Wood Working 1) WW1 PT. KTI Probolinggo
Authors: Tarwiyanti Denti , Hartanti Ragil Ismi , Indrayani Reny
Published: November 2020

High work climate and high workload can cause overstress and metabolic heat in the body wich will potentially affect workers hydration status. Industrial workers often carry out physical work in hot working environments with high workload (physical workload) over a long period. Loading and a high  work climate can cause overstress and metabolic heat so that workers have the potention dealing with heat stress and dehydration due to excessive sweating issue and it will affect the workers hydration status. This study purpose was to find  out the  relationship between physical  workload  and work  climate due to workers hydration status unit P2 (wood working 1) WW1 section in PT. KTI Probolinggo. This study used quantitative approach, an observational analytic type with cross sectional design. Based on statistical tests result using Spearman and Chi Square, the factors associated to hydration status were age with a positive linkage direction and  drinking  water  consumption  with  a  negative  linkage  direction. Unrelated factors were gender (p value = 0.688), nutritional status (p value = 0.333), years of service (p value = 0.626), physical workload (p value = 0.333), and work climate (p value = 0.105). The advice given based on this research is adding more water consumption, adding glasses according to the number of workers and drinking water needs of each worker, providing education of body fluid needs for hot working environments including signs of dehydration and how to prevent it, setting-up diagram poster shows the importance of drinking water consumption in hot working environment.

 

Keywords : Physical Workload, Work Climate, Hydration Status.
Apropriasi Rumah Tradisional Batak Toba pada Arsitektur Gereja Katolik Pangururan di Samosir
Authors: Sitindjak Ronald Hasudungan Irianto
Published: November 2020

Artikel ini fokus pada bentuk apropriasi rumah tradisional Batak-Toba pada arsitektur Gereja Katolik. Apropriasi budaya adalah penggunaan simbol budaya, artefak, genre, ritual, atau teknologi oleh anggota budaya lain, dimana unsur-unsur tersebut dipilih melalui proses penyesuaian agar akhirnya dapat diterima menjadi hak milik, tanpa keharusan memproduksi bentuk yang baru. Bentuknya dapat berupa pertukaran budaya, dominasi budaya, eksploitasi budaya ataupun berupa transkulturasi. Bentuk apropriasi ini dapat dijumpai pada bentuk arsitektural dari Gereja Katolik Pangururan yang terletak di pulau Samosir, daerah asalanya budaya Batak Toba. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, dokumentasi visual, wawancara serta ekplorasi pustaka. Sedangkan proses analisis mengaitkan temuan dari lapangan dengan kajian hasil eksplorasi pustaka terkait rumah tradisional Batak Toba. Hasil yang diperoleh, terdapat konsep-konsep dari rumah tradisional Batak Toba yang diadopsi oleh gereja Katolik, dan diimplementasikan pada bentuk arsitektural Gereja Katolik Pangururan. Apropriasi itu terlihat pada konsep wujud bangunan, ornamen ragam hias, posisi bangunan dan orientasi bangunan dari Gereja Katolik Panguruan. Apropriasi ini telah memperkaya budaya gereja Katolik dan budaya Batak Toba secara bersamaan. Dalam hal ini proses apropriasi memberi keuntungan bagi kedua budaya yang bertemu.
THE UTILIZATION OF GOLDEN PERIOD OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS IN PRODUCTIVE AGES
Authors: Huttami Vidya Tri , Hidajah Atik Choirul
Published: November 2020

The 2007 Basic Health Survey shows the highest number of deaths in Indonesia rural and urban areas was caused by stroke. In 2007-2013, the stroke prevalence in  productive age increased up to 22‰. Stroke that attacks productive age can impair individual’s ability to do activities, and thus they might have family financial constraint. Disabilities can be prevented and minimized if patients utilize a golden period of an ischemic stroke. This study identified the utilization of golden period of ischemic stroke in patients and analyzed causes of delayed patient admission to the Neurology Clinic of Sidoarjo Hospital. This study was a descriptive study conducted to 39 post-stroke ischemic patients in productive ages under further therapy at the Neurology Clinic of Sidoarjo Hospital in 2016. The data were collected through interview from January-February 2017. The results present 62% of stroke ischemic patients utilized the golden period of a ischemic stroke. The average respondents' admission took  29.87±47.46 hours after patients experienced first stroke ischemic attacks (ranging from 1-168 hours). The respondents were admitted to the hospital late or >4.5 hours after the stroke attacks because most of them did not know stroke signs and symptoms. Therefore, hospitals or health care providers have to provide counseling service to patients and family members about stroke signs and symptoms, as well as the importance of early admission for treatment as soon as patient gets the first stroke attack. Keywords: utilization of the golden period, ischemic stroke, productive age.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT SURABAYA HAJI GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Bestari Ismianti Lifia
Published: November 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease due to impaired blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes mellitus dominantly causes most deaths in the world. The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was ranked the second highest at the Surabaya Haji General Hospital. Purpose: This study described characteristics of patients with type 2 DM at  the Surabaya Haji General Hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive and used a cross-sectional research design. This study’s population were patients with type 2 DM who visited Diabetes Unit at Surabaya Haji General Hospital. This study was conducted in the Diabetes Unit at the Surabaya Haji General Hospital by involving 114 respondents as the samples. These respondents were interviewed using questionnaires from 11 March to 11 April 2019. The study’s variables were patients’ characteristics including age, gender, family history, and disease duration. Data were analyzed using a univariate analysis with a frequency table. Results: Almost all of patients with type 2 DM at  Surabaya Haji General Hospital were aged ≥40 years (94.7%) and female (71.9%). The majority of patients had a family medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus disease (60.5%) and long disease duration of >5 years (5.,4%). Conclusion: Almost patients with type 2 DM in  Surabaya Haji General Hospital were elderly who had a family medical history of diabetes mellitus and had suffered from type 2 diabetes mellitus for >5 years.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, characteristics, hospital, descriptions.
Robotic or laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer - which is the best answer? A comprehensive review of oncological outcomes
Authors: Ghuman Amandeep , Kavalukas Sandra , Wexner Steven D.
Published: November 2020

Treatment of rectal cancer is ever evolving with the introduction of newer surgical technologies and multimodal treatment approach. The literature evaluating the various surgical treatment options with regards to operative and nonoperative outcomes is abundant. This is a comprehensive review focused on oncological outcomes of rectal cancer resection performed robotically or laparoscopically. Based on the current literature available, there is no significant difference in total mesorectal excision completeness, lymph node harvest, positive circumferential resection margin, or proximal resection margin between robotic and laparoscopic approaches for rectal resection. Selection of surgical approach should not be based on pathological outcomes as they are equivalent.
Introgression of qDTY1.1 Governing Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance Into an Elite Rice Variety ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ Through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding
Authors: Dhawan Gaurav , Kumar Aruna , Dwivedi Priyanka , Gopala Krishnan Subbaiyan , Pal Madan , Vinod Kunnummal Kurungara , Nagarajan Mariappan , Bhowmick Prolay Kumar , Bollinedi Haritha , Ellur Ranjith Kumar , Ravi Kiran Kuram Tirumala , Kumar Pankaj , Singh Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2020

Drought stress at the reproductive stage in rice is one of the most important cause for yield reduction, affecting both productivity and quality. All Basmati rice varieties, including the popular cultivar ‘Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1)’ is highly sensitive to reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS). We report for the first time, improvement of a Basmati cultivar for RSDS tolerance, with the introgression of a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), ‘qDTY1.1’ into PB1. The QTL donor was sourced from an aus variety, Nagina 22 (N22). A QTL linked microsatellite (SSR) marker ‘RM 431’ was employed for foreground selection for qDTY1.1 in the marker assisted backcross breeding process. A set of 113 SSR markers polymorphic between N22 and PB1 were utilized for background selection to ensure higher genome recovery. After three backcrosses followed by five generations of selfing, eighteen near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed, through combinatory selection for agro-morphological, grain and cooking superiority traits. The NILs were evaluated for three consecutive Kharif seasons, 2017, 2018 and 2019 under well-watered and drought stress conditions. RSDS tolerance and yield stability indicated that NIL3, NIL5, NIL6, NIL7, NIL12, NIL15 and NIL17 were best in terms of overall agronomic and grain quality under RSDS. Additionally, NILs exhibited high yield potential under normal condition as well. The RSDS tolerant Basmati NILs with high resilience to water stress, is a valuable resource for sustaining Basmati rice production under water limiting production environments.
Resilience Against the Covid-19 Pandemic among Indigenous Kichwa Communities in Ecuadorian Amazonia
Authors: Sirén Anders , Uzendoski Michael , Swanson Tod , Jácome-Negrete Iván , Sirén-Gualinga Emil , Tapia Andrés , Dahua-Machoa Alex , Tanguila Aymé , Santi Eugenia , Machoa Dionicio , Andi Dixon , Santi Daniel
Published: November 2020

There has been very widespread contagion of covid-19 in Kichwa indigenous communities in Ecuadorian Amazonia, but the peak of contagion has already passed, and total mortality has been remarkably low. The Kichwa people themselves typically attribute this to the widespread use of medicinal plants.
Teacher immunity in professional identity: reflection on male ielts teachers’ homosocial fabrics in 2 iranian ethnographic institutions
Authors: Jafari Fatemeh Mohammad , Ameri Alireza
Published: November 2020

As a new concept in language teacher psychology, language teacher immunity is a strong indicator of how teachers behave and respond in the face of disturbances which has a profound effect on teachers' profession. So, as it is apparent, research on language teacher immunity is in its embryonic stage and this qualitative study tried to fill the gap in the existing literature by using Retrodictive Qualitative Modeling to develop an in-depth understanding the experiences of five IELTS male teachers from two ethnographic sites. And due to research and critical studies into men and masculinity has originated as one of the most emerging areas of sociological investigation, on a macro-level of ethnography, this research study concentrated on male IELTS teachers to see the interpretations about masculinity, homosocial relations and desire to make their own professional identity and on the micro-level, the ethos varies at each institution. To achieve the research objectives and answer the questions of this ethnographic study, three data collection techniques were utilized to generate information, namely document collection, classroom observations, and interviews. The findings of this comparative ethnography revealed that in the IELTS situation, “the Visionary” and “The Spark plug” should be placed in two separate groups of immunity (productive and adaptive) to increase the categories of immunity to 5 in this context. So, by adding masculinity patterns, which changed from physicality into knowledge-discipline and socialization-patronage in this study, it was concluded that those who were in productive and adaptive immunity category were not homogeneous due to the fact that they were complicit and approached themselves to the hegemonic masculinity with slight changes that the researchers could not separate them in their immunity.
La perturbación de Hannah Arendt: el tono y la discrepancia
Authors: Tello-García Edgar
Published: November 2020

On the one hand, this paper shows how Hannah Arendt’s “tone”, far from being “flippant” or “mocking” –as Scholem suggested in a letter to her—creates a necessary perturbation in order to discover hypocrisy. That is the way to act responsibly to interpret our present and, then, face and write the history.On the other hand, we remark some philosophical concepts that, when used blurredly from different traditions may create a fixed world and people. With Arendt’s mastership we analyze them in order to reenergize them. For this task we use the help of some other philosophers as Fina Birulés or Marina Garcés.
Huellas clásicas en «Cuatro Variaciones sobre el Filicidio» de Leopoldo María Panero
Authors: López Gálvez Ismael
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: El presente estudio trata de analizar las relaciones transtextuales existentes entre el mundo clásico y las «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio» de Leopoldo María Panero, sección de cuatro cuentos recogida en El lugar del hijo(1976), la primera obra en prosa editada del autor astorgano.PALABRAS CLAVE: Leopoldo María Panero, «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio», mitología clásica, intertextualidad, mitoanálisis.  ABSTRACT: The present paper deals with the transtextual relationship between the Classical literature with «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio» by Leopoldo María Panero, especially the section of four stories so-called El lugar del hijo(1976), which is the first published work in prose by the author of Astorga.KEY-WORDS: Leopoldo María Panero, «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio», classical mythology, intertextuality, analysis of myth.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT: a Preliminary Test on Five Medicinal Plants on Bangkalan
Authors: Muharrami Laila Khamsatul , Munawaroh Fatimatul , Ersam Taslim , Santoso Mardi
Published: November 2020

This study is preliminary research of secondary metabolite potential from medicinal Herb Madura. This study aims to know the medicinal plants used in the medicinal herb Madura and the phytochemical content contained in these medicinal plants.  The method used in this study is a survey to know the kinds of medicinal plants used in Madura Herb. Then a phytochemical screening test for the medicinal plant was performed. The phytochemical screening test used are alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and flavonoids.  Based on the research, it is found that 66 medicinal plants are widely used for "Ramuan Madura” in  Bangkalan. Of the 66 plants selected, Madura five medicinal plants widely used by the Madurense; Parameria laevigata, Kaempferia galanga L., Curcuma domestica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, dan Punica granatum. Then the preliminary phytochemical test to determine the secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolite content obtained include alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids.
Motivasi Intrinsik, Kinerja dan Aktualisasi Diri: Kajian Konseptual Perkembangan Teori
Authors: Lutfi Akhmad , Winata Ahmad Yahya Surya
Published: November 2020

Tidak diragukan lagi bahwa motivasi adalah hal penting yang harus ada di dalam diri karyawan dalam melaksanakan tugas didalam sebuah organisasi. Kinerja salah satunya ditentukan oleh adanya motivasi, salah satunya adalah motivasi yang timbul dan berasal dari dalam diri atau disebut motivasi internal. Sangat banyak peneliti yang mengaitkan motivasi internal dengan kinerja dan kebutuhan seseorang untuk mengaktualisasikan diri. Makalah ini akan menyajikan kajian konseptual dari beberapa peneliti tentang teori kaitan motivasi internal dengan kinerja dan kebutuhan untuk mengaktualisasi diri.  Beberapa peneliti sepakat mengatakan bahwa motivasi intrinsik sangatlah penting, selain mempengaruhi kinerja, motivasi intrinsik juga merupakan wujud untuk memenuhi kebutuhkan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri.
Mutational meltdown of microbial altruists in Streptomyces coelicolor colonies
Authors: Zhang Zheren , Claushuis Bart , Claessen Dennis , Rozen Daniel
Published: November 2020

In colonies of the filamentous multicellular bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, a sub-population of cells arise that hyper-produce metabolically costly antibiotics, resulting in a division of labor that maximizes colony fitness. Because these cells contain large genomic deletions that cause massive reductions to individual fitness, their behavior is altruistic, much like worker castes in eusocial insects. To understand the reproductive and genomic fate of these mutant cells after their emergence, we use experimental evolution by serially transferring populations via spore-to-spore transfer for 25 cycles, reflective of the natural mode of bottlenecked transmission for these spore-forming bacteria. We show that, in contrast to wild-type cells, altruistic mutant cells continue to significantly decline in fitness during transfer while they delete larger and larger fragments from their chromosome ends. In addition, altruistic mutants acquire a roughly 10-fold increase in their base-substitution rates due to mutations in genes for DNA replication and repair. Ecological damage, caused by reduced sporulation, coupled with irreversible DNA damage due to point mutation and deletions, leads to an inevitable and irreversible type of mutational meltdown in these cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the altruistic cells arising in this division of labor are equivalent to reproductively sterile castes of social insects.
Clinical Efficacy of Eucaloric Ketogenic Nutrion in Covid-19-cytokine Storm: A Retrospective Analysis on Mortality and ICU Access
Authors: Sukkar Samir Giuseppe , Cogorno Ludovica , Pasta Andrea , Livia Pisciotta , Vena Antonio , Gradaschi Raffaella , Dentone Chiara , Guiddo Erica , Martino Eleonora , Beltramini Sabrina , Donini Lorenzo Maria , Sormani Maria Pia , Bassetti Matteo
Published: November 2020

Background: Some patients affected by Covid 19 present a life threatening hyperinflammatory state known as a cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) associated with a high mortality rate. Our hypothesis is that eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD) may be a safe and efficacious treatment option to reduce CSS and consequently to reduce need of CPAP, ICU admission and mortality COVID-19 related.Aim of the study: Primary objective is to explore the effect of EKD on mortality, access to ICU and the need of NIV in COVID-19 hospitalized patients in comparison to a eucaloric standard dietstandard diet (ESDESD). Secondary objectives are to collect data about safety and feasibility of EKD during hospitalization and to evaluate the effect of the diet on biological and inflammatory parameters and particularly on interleukin -6 (IL-6).Patients and Methods: The study is a retrospective explorative analysis of 34 patients fed with EKD during hospitalization for COVID-19 in comparison to 68 patients in ESDESD selected and matched using propensity score one-to-two to avoid the confounding effect of interfering variables.Results: A trend of reduction of 30-day mortality (HR 0.416, 95% CI 0.122 – 1.413, P = 0.160) and a trend in need for ICU admission (HR 0.357, 95% CI 0.045 – 2.847, P = 0.331) were observed in subjects treated with EKD respect to patients fed with standard one. No significant different risks in need for CPAP (HR 0.968, CI 0.289 – 3.242, P = 0.958 for EKD) and composite endpoint (HR 0.674, CI 0.233 – 1.949, P = 0.446 for EKD) were detectable between the two groups of dietary patterns.Furthermore, IL-6 concentrations, between t 0 and t 7 (seven days after the beginning of the diet), collected in the ketogenic nutrition group, show a median IL-6 difference of -26.0 ȵg/mL or a mean IL-6 difference of -164 ȵg/mL (data from 23 of the 34 pairs) compared to controls, with a trend to (P = 0.062).Discussion and conclusions: These preliminar data, collected in a retrospective way during the most aggressive period of Covid-19 pandemia, on clinical results on mortality, need for ICU and effect on IL-6 concentration during EKD suggest a favorable role of this dietary treatment in COVID-19 clinical management. EKD resulted well accepted by patients during hospitalization and seems to be an interesting tool in controlling Covid-19-CSS. The results of the prospective controlled randomized trial, actually ongoing, in a largest number of subjects are necessary to confirm these preliminary data.
Do Psychological Factors Affect Outcomes in Musculoskeletal Shoulder Disorders? A Systematic Review
Authors: Sheikhzadeh Ali , Wertli Maria M. , Weiner Shira Schecter , Rasmussen-Barr Eva , Weiser Sherri
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe aim is to systematically analyse the evidence for the effect of modifiable psychological factors (MPF), those that can be changed with intervention, on outcome, for patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders undergoing conservative or surgical treatment. MethodsThis is a systematic literature review. We searched five databases for longitudinal studies investigating the influence of MPF on the prognosis of patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders undergoing conservative or surgical treatment. We assigned each MPF identified in the included references to one of six constructs and categorized all constructs into three domains. We then evaluated each construct for its predictive value of at least one outcome, and all outcomes reported were considered. Evidence was classified into three categories: evidence for, inconclusive evidence, and evidence against each construct.ResultsOf 1140 publications, 35 publications based on 33 studies were included (intervention type: 15 surgical; 18 conservative). Outcomes reported included pain, disability/function, perceived recovery, physical and mental health, and work status. Six modifiable psychological constructs were explored including self-efficacy, expectation of recovery, catastrophizing, avoidant coping, depression, and anxiety. The majority of the evidence suggested the prognostic value of all constructs except self-efficacy for patients managed surgically. In patients undergoing conservative intervention the evidence was inconclusive or against the prognostic value of MPF on outcomes. ConclusionsFive constructs were found to be predictive of outcome for surgically managed patients. This suggests that implementing the biopsychosocial approach to patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders managed surgically may be advantageous. The same was not observed for conservative care. The importance of other MPF on outcome requires further investigation.
The serological response to SARS corona virus-2 is characterized by frequent incomplete maturation of functional affinity (avidity)
Authors: Bauer Georg , Struck Friedhelm , Schreiner Patrick , Staschik Eva , Soutschek Erwin , Motz Manfred
Published: November 2020

The humoral immune systems controls viral infections through recognition of critical viral target structures, selective proliferation stimulation of IgM-presenting B cells, class switch to IgG-generating B cells and subsequent affinity maturation of IgG. Affinity maturation is achieved through proliferation, hypermutation and clonal selection of IgG-generating B cells (1-4). The establishment of high affinity IgG is essential for sustained protective antiviral effects (5-10).
While analyzing the maturation of functional affinity (avidity) of IgG towards SARS CoV-2 nucleoprotein, surface protein and its receptor-binding domain, we realized that avidity maturation was frequently not completed after infection. This finding gives insight into the biological strategy of SARS CoV-2 and is important for serodiagnosis. Incomplete avidity maturation might explain the observed decline of the humoral response (11-14), allow for secondary SARS CoV-2 infections and prevent the establishment of herd immunity. Therefore, future immunization strategies should achieve the goal to induce neutralizing IgG of high avidity.
Chronicle of the Causes of Famine in the World during 1840–2019 and their Risks
Authors: Funahashi Soma , Okaneya Misato , Oki Taikan
Published: November 2020

Famine still exists in this world, hindering the achievement of sustainable development goal 2: zero hunger. The history and mechanism of famine have been broadly studied; however, few studies have focused on quantitative and long-term analysis of the general characteristics of famine. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing famine and estimate its risk. We developed a famine database and estimated the probability of the occurrence of famine through logistic regression with physical and social factors. Herein, we identified a few factors that are strongly related to the occurrence of famine and found that soil water and gross domestic product per capita are the most influential. By extrapolating the logistic regression to a future scenario, we revealed that although the number of countries with high famine risk would decrease, some countries in sub-Saharan Africa would remain at high famine risk for a while.
Charge localized atomic Moδ+ site boosting hydrogen evolution in alkaline solution
Authors: Cao Maoqi , Liu Kang , Song Yao , Ma Chao , Lin Yiyang , Li Huangjingwei , Fu Junwei , Li HongMei , Chen Zhiyan , Zheng Xu-Sheng , Hu Junhua , Xie Haipeng , Lu YR , Chan Ting-Shan , Liu Min
Published: November 2020

Electrochemical water splitting has drawn tremendous interest for the scalable and sustainable conversion of renewable electricity to clear hydrogen fuel and chemicals. However, the sluggishly kinetics of water dissociation step in alkaline solutions restrict severely the application of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, we designed and prepared cobalt layers with nitrogen modified atomically dispersed Mo sites (N-Mo/Co SAA) to boost the activity of HER. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the N can induce the asymmetry charge localization of Moδ+ to facilitate the water dissociation. The energy barriers of water dissociation reduced from 0.48 to 0.35 eV by the charge localized Moδ+ site. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements confirmed the structure of N modified atomically dispersed Moδ+. Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) measurements assessed the atomically dispersed Moδ+ site is the active site for water dissociation. Thus, the obtained N-Mo/Co catalyst exhibits record activity with 12 mV overpotential to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm− 2 and Tafel slope of 31 mV dec− 1 in alkaline media, which are superior to 32 mV overpotential for 10 mA cm− 2 and 38 mV dec− 1 Tafel slope on best commercial 20 wt% Pt/C sample in the same condition. This design strategy provided a new pathway to boost the activity of single atom alloy (SAA) by regulating the charge localization of the active site precisely at the atomic-level.
Health improvement framework for planning actionable treatment process using surrogate Bayesian model
Authors: Nakamura Kazuki , Kojima Ryosuke , Uchino Eiichiro , Murashita Koichi , Itoh Ken , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Okuno Yasushi
Published: November 2020

Clinical decision making regarding treatments based on personal characteristics leads to effective health improvements. Machine learning (ML) has been the primary concern of diagnosis support according to comprehensive patient information. However, the remaining prominent issue is the development of objective treatment processes in clinical situations. This study proposes a novel framework to plan treatment processes in a data-driven manner. A key point of the framework is the evaluation of the "actionability" for personal health improvements by using a surrogate Bayesian model in addition to a high-performance nonlinear ML model. We first evaluated the framework from the viewpoint of its methodology using a synthetic dataset. Subsequently, the framework was applied to an actual health checkup dataset comprising data from 3,132 participants, to improve systolic blood pressure values at the individual level. We confirmed that the computed treatment processes are actionable and consistent with clinical knowledge for lowering blood pressure. These results demonstrate that our framework could contribute toward decision making in the medical field, providing clinicians with deeper insights.
Clinical, Surgical Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Lumbar Hernia.
Authors: Shen Chaoyong , Zhang Guixiang , Zhang Sen , Yin Yuan , Zhang Bo , Song Yinghan , Lei Wenzhang
Published: November 2020

Background/AimLumbar hernia is extremely rare which resulting from a defect in the abdominal wall. Due to its rarity, there is no established optimal treatment available for lumbar hernia yet. Thus, we here investigated the clinical, surgical characteristics and outcomes of lumbar hernia by collecting 28 such patients in our hospital. MethodsPatients diagnosed with lumbar hernia from our institution between April 2011 and August 2020 were retrospectively collected in this study. Demographics, clinical characteristics and surgical information were recorded. ResultsA consecutive series of 28 patients with lumbar hernia were retrospectively collected, including 13 males (46.4%) and 15 females (53.6%). The ages of the patients ranged from 5 to 79 years (median: 55 years), with a mean age of 55.6±14.9 years. A total of 7 cases had a history of previous lumbar trauma or surgery. There were 11 (39.3%), 15 (53.6%) and 2 (7.1%) cases had right, left and bilateral lumbar hernia, respectively. Superior and inferior lumbar hernia were found in 25 (89.3%) and 3 (10.7%) patients. General anesthesia was applied in 16 cases (group A), whereas 12 patients received local anesthesia (group B). Patients in the group B had a shorter hospital stay than that of the group A (3.5±1.3 days vs. 7.1±3.2 days, p=0.001), as well as total hospitalization expenses between the two groups (8309.3±1467.1 CNY vs. 19117.3±8116.1 CNY, p<0.001). ConclusionsLumbar hernia is a relatively rare entity, and inferior lumbar hernia is rarer. It is feasible to repair lumbar hernia under local anesthesia, and it may be more suitable than general anesthesia in some selected cases.
Genomic Alterations Characterization in Colorectal Cancer Identifies a Prognostic and Metastasis Biomarker: FAM83A|IDO1
Authors: Liu Zaoqu , Zhang Yuyuan , Dang Qin , Wu Kunpeng , Jiao Dechao , Li Zhen , Sun Zhenqiang , han xinwei
Published: November 2020

Background: Genomic alterations constitute crucial elements of colorectal cancer (CRC). Accumulating evidences have elucidated their clinical significance in predicting outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. However, a comprehensive understanding of CRC genomic alterations from a global perspective is lacking. Methods: A total of 2778 patients in 15 public datasets were enrolled. Tissues and clinical information of 30 patients were also collected. Consensus clustering was performed for samples classification based on mutation signatures.Results: We identified two distinct mutation signature clusters (MSC) featured by massive mutations and dominant somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) respectively. MSC-1 was associated with defective DNA mismatch repair, exhibiting more frequent mutations such as ATM, BRAF, and SMAD4. The mutational co-occurrences of BRAF-HMCN and DNAH17-MDN1 as well as the methylation silence event of MLH-1 were only found in MSC-1. MSC-2 was linked to the carcinogenic process of age and tobacco chewing habit, exhibiting dominant SCNA such as MYC (8q24.21) and PTEN (10q23.31) deletion as well as CCND3 (6p21.1) and ERBB2 (17q12) amplification. MSC-1 displayed higher immunogenicity and immune infiltration. MSC-2 had better prognosis and significant stromal activation. Based on the two subtypes, we identified and validated the expression relationship of FAM83A and IDO1 as a robust biomarker for prognosis and distant metastasis of CRC in 15 independent cohorts and qRT-PCR assay. Conclusions: We identified two subtypes with heterogeneous molecular alterations and functional status, which might advance precise treatment and clinical management in CRC. A robust biomarker for predicting prognosis and distant metastasis of CRC was identified and validated.
Novel Uses of Three-Parameter Logistic Models and First-Derivative Models for the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic in the United States, in Three Distinct Scenarios
Authors: Samuel Bishoy T.
Published: November 2020

Background:Forecasting the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the United States necessitates novel mathematical models for accurate predictions. This paper examines novel uses of three-parameter logistic models and first-derivative models through three distinct scenarios that have not been examined in the literature as of July 14, 2020.Methods:Using publicly available data, statistical software was used to conduct a non-linear least-squares estimate to generate a three-parameter logistic model, with a subsequently generated first-derivative model. In the first scenario a logistic model was used to examine the natural log of COVID-19 cases as the dependent variable (versus day number), on July 11 and May 1. Independent t-test analyses were used to test comparative coefficient differences across models. In the second scenario, a first-derivative model was derived from a base three-parameter logistic model for April 27, examining time to peak mortality and decrease in case fatality rate. In the third scenario, a first-derivative model of mortality through July 11 as the dependent variable, versus confirmed cases, was generated to look at case fatality rate relative to increasing cases.Results:All models generated were statistically significant with R2 > 99%. The logistic models in the first scenario best predicted time to growth deceleration in the natural log of cases in the U.S. (slowing of exponential growth), estimated at March 11, 2020. For the May 1 data, independent t-test analyses of comparative coefficients across models were useful to track improvements from implemented public health measures. The first-derivative model in the second scenario on April 27, when the epidemic was more controlled, showed peak mortality around April 12-13, with a case fatality rate of < 1,000 deaths and trending down. The first-derivative model in the third scenario estimated a near-zero case fatality rate to occur at 4 million confirmed cases. It has not been affected by fluctuations in mortality from June 29 through July 11.Conclusion:Three-parameter logistic models and first-derivative models have utility in predicting time to growth deceleration, and case fatality rates relative to cases. They can objectively assess improvements of implemented epidemiologic measures and have applicable public health safety implications.
Design and Psychometric Evaluation of Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Care in Comprehensive Health Centers
Authors: Vizeshfar Fatemeh , Ahmadinezhad Maryam , Pakniat Azadeh
Published: November 2020

Background: In order to properly evaluate postpartum services in comprehensive health centers, encouraging women to use these services and presence of a reliable and valid tool, is necessary to design and assess mothers' perceptions of postpartum care.Aim: Designed to evaluate the psychometric dimensions of Iranian version of Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Health care Questionnaire at Comprehensive Health Centers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The verbatim translation was used to translate the questionnaire from English to Persian. Face, content, and structural validity as well as reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated. Findings: The results showed that the face, content, and structure validity as well as reliability of this questionnaire to be appropriate. The calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.668. Interclass correlation coefficient was 0.688, which confirmed divergent validity.Conclusion: Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Health care Questionnaire at Comprehensive Health Centers is a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure mothers’ perceptions of these vital services.
Typhoon Eye Effect Vs. Ripple Effect: The Role of Family Size on the Mental Health Under the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Lateef Tooba , Chen Jiyao , Tahir Muhammad , Lateef Teba Abdul , Chen Bryan , Li Jizhen , Zhang Stephen X
Published: November 2020

Background: The recent outbreak of COVID-19 impacts the mental health of people worldwide. The mental conditions and the associated predictors of adults in Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, during the COVID-19 remains understudied. We aim to investigate distress, anxiety and overall mental health and their associated predictors among Pakistani adults in this pandemic. We specifically examine the mental health issues based on the distance to the epicenter, a predictor that has revealed opposing evidence in other countries based on the theories of typhoon eye effect and ripple effect. The samples consist of 601 adults who were surveyed online about 2.5 months into the outbreak across Pakistan with varying distance to the epicenter of COVID-19 of Karachi in Pakistan. Results: The results showed that 9.2% and 19.0% of the participants surpassed the cut-off of distress and anxiety disorders, respectively. Overall, the distance to the epicenter positively predicted the mental health of adults in Pakistan, and family size negatively moderated this effect. The distance to the epicenter negatively predicted distress and anxiety disorders for adults in large families, which are quite common in Pakistan. Conclusion: The evidence of the study interestingly finds the prediction of the mental health of people by their distance to the epicenter depends on the family. The evidence of this study can help to provide the initial indicator for mental health care providers to screen vulnerable groups in Pakistan, a populous country that continues to struggle to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Early Gastric Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis Model and Prognostic Survival Prediction Model in Western Population
Authors: Tian Huakai , Zhang Zuo , Liu Zitao , Hu Cegui , Liu Jiang , Xu Tian , Zong Zhen
Published: November 2020

Objective This study analyzed the characteristics of early gastric cancer lymph node metastasis and survival prognosis after surgical resection in western population, and established a predictive model.MethodsPatients with stage T1a and T1b gastric cancer from 2010 to 2015 were screened from the surveillance, epidemiology and final outcome databases. Patients with multiple in situ tumors, distant metastases, and incomplete data were excluded. The risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer were analyzed by binary logistic regression and the chi-square test. Multivariate Cox analysis and the Kaplan-Meier test were used to evaluate the prognostic factors and survival rates of patients with early gastric cancer after surgical resection. The prediction model of lymph node metastasis and survival rate of early gastric cancer was established and verified by R software.ResultsIn 2294 patients, the lymph node metastasis rate was 14.5% (333/2294). Binary logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that tumor size (>2cm), tumor grade (III/IV), and stage T1b were risk factors for lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer. Area under the curve (AUC) is 0.782.A predictive model was developed based on risk factors, and the model C index was 0.771, indicating that the model has good predictive ability. In addition, survival analysis of 2294 patients showed that the 5-year OS and CSS (75.4% and 88.7%) in patients without EGC were significantly higher than those with lymph node metastasis (64.3% and 72.8%) (P<0.05). Multivariate COX analysis showed that age, sex, race, tumor size, submucosal invasion and lymph node metastasis were independent factors influencing the prognosis of early gastric cancer. A cancer-specific survival (CSS) prediction model was constructed based on prognostic risk factors. The 3-year area under the CSS curve (AUC) was 0.706, and the 5-year area under the CSS curve (AUC) was 0.710. The prediction model is more consistent with the actual situation.ConclusionsWe established a reliable prediction model for lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer and a prognostic model for early gastric cancer, which provided a good basis for clinical treatment decision.
Informational Cost and Networks Navigability
Authors: Estrada Ernesto
Published: November 2020

Understanding how information navigates through nodes of a complex network has become an increasingly pressing problem across scientific disciplines. Several approaches have been proposed on the basis of shortest paths or diffusive navigation. However, no existing approaches have tackled the challenges of efficient communication in networks without full knowledge of their global topology under external noise. Here, we develop a first principles approach to determine the informational cost of navigating a network under different levels of external noise. We discover the existence of a trade-off between the ways in which networks route information through shortest paths, their entropies and stability, which define three classes of real-world networks. This approach reveals that environmental pressure has shaped the ways in which information is transferred in bacterial metabolic networks and allowed us to determine the levels of noise at which a protein-protein interaction network seems to work in normal conditions in a cell.
Auto Classification of Biomass through Characterization of their Pyrolysis Behaviors by using Thermogravimetric Analysis with Support Vector Machine Algorithm: Case Study for Tobacco
Authors: Yin Chao , Deng Xiaohua , Yu Zhiqiang , Chen Ruting , Zhong Hongxiang , Liu Zechun , Cai Guohua , Zheng Quanxing , Liu Xiucai , Zhong Jiawei , Ma Pengfei , He Wei , Lin Kai , Li Qiaoling , Wu Anan
Published: November 2020

Background: During the biomass-to-bio-oil conversion process, many researches focus on the study of the association between the biomass and the bio-products by using near infrared spectra (NIR) and chemical analysis method. However, the characterization of biomass pyrolysis behaviors by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with support vector machine (SVM) algorithm has not been reported. In this study, tobacco was chosen as the object for biomass, because the cigarette smoke (including water, tar and gases) released by tobacco pyrolysis reactions decide the sensory quality, which is similar to the use of biomass as a renewable resource through the pyrolysis process. Results: Support vector machine (SVM) has been employed to automatically classify the planting area and growing position of tobacco leaves by using thermogravimetric analysis data as the information source for the first time. 88 single-grade tobacco samples belonging to 4 grades and 8 categories were split into the training, validation and blind testing set. Our model showed excellent performances in both the training and validation set as well as in the blind test, with accuracy over 91.67%. Throughout the whole dataset of 88 samples, our model not only provides precise results on the planting area of tobacco leave, but also accurately distinguishes the major grades among the upper, lower and middle positions. Error only occurs in the classification of subgrades of the middle position. Conclusions: Our results not only validated the feasibility of using thermogravimetric analysis with SVM algorithm as an objective and rapid method for automatic classification of tobacco planting area and growing position, but also showed this new analysis method would be a promising way to exploring bio-oil quality prior to biomass pyrolysis production.
Atypical Meningioma in the Medulla Oblongata Parenchyma
Authors: Xu Qiushi , Pan Ziang , Hou Meidan , Peng Fang
Published: November 2020

Background: Glioma is the most common tumor occurring in the brainstem. A primary intraparenchymal meningioma located in the brainstem without dura attachment is rare. Meanwhile, atypical meningiomas that occur in the medulla oblongata parenchyma, and without dura coverage, are extremely rare. In this study, we report the first case of atypical meningioma in the medulla oblongata parenchyma and review the existing literature.Case presentation: A 38-year-old female was admitted at our hospital with a 2-week history of progressive neck and occipital pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a presence of a 1.5x0.9cm mass lesion, located in the left side of the medulla oblongata, which was hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and with inhomogeneous enhancement following gadolinium-diethylenet-riamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) administration. The initial preoperative diagnosis was glioma or angioblastoma. The patient underwent a total surgical resection of the left medulla oblongata tumor and the histopathological examination indicated that the lesion was an atypical meningioma. The patient returned to normal life after surgery.Conclusions: Although glioma is the most common tumor occurring in the brainstem parenchyma, the possibility of meningioma cannot be ruled out in this area.