bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isotopía y distinciones entre lo viejo y lo nuevo: constitucionalismo democrático liberal y «constitucionalismo» autoritario
Authors: Melica Luigi
Published: April 2024

El ensayo, partiendo de la pérdida de relevancia científica de la categoría de las transiciones constitucionales, se centra en la categoría, recientemente acuñada, de «constitucionalismo autoritario». No es un ensayo que pretenda describir o clasificar sistemas autoritarios. Estos últimos se revisan sólo para demostrar que la fase de transición constitucional ha terminado para muchos de ellos, en el sentido de que parecen haberse convertido, quizás ineluctablemente, en estados autoritarios, con la peculiaridad de que utilizan para sus propios fines y necesidades ciertos elementos básicos del constitucionalismo y ciertas categorías del derecho constitucional (por ejemplo, algunas instituciones de la democracia representativa). En virtud de ello, la doctrina (norteamericana) ha acuñado la categoría de «constitucionalismo autoritario». Mi propuesta es que la palabra «constitucionalismo» en sentido propio no debería ir acompañada del adjetivo «autoritario». Para distinguir la palabra «constitucionalismo» seguida del adjetivo «autoritario» y la palabra «constitucionalismo» seguida del adjetivo «democrático», evoco el concepto de isotopía, según el cual una misma palabra adquiere significados diferentes en virtud de los distintos rasgos contextuales y semánticos que conforman la isotopía. El objetivo esencial del ensayo es describir científicamente el contexto y los rasgos semánticos del constitucionalismo según una concepción histórico-filosófico-jurídica. Al final, llego a la conclusión de que otros regímenes, para ser incluidos en la categoría de constitucionalismo democrático, deben emprender caminos que sean al menos similares y servirse de puntos fijos que sean comparables (piénsese en el concepto de «derecho privado» desarrollado en la Edad Media, en el concepto de libertad privada tal como evolucionó en el sistema inglés, o en el concepto de laicismo y pluralismo que no fueron adoptados instantáneamente, sino tras largos y graduales caminos, recurriendo también a filósofos y juristas autorizados como Kant, Grocio y Santi Romano). Pese a tener mis profundas convicciones, no tomo una posición sobre cuál es la mejor manera de regular la convivencia humana. Sin embargo, al identificar un método científicamente sustentado a través del cual sugerir cómo ciertos términos no deben usarse de manera promiscua, intento ofrecer una contribución a la caracterización y distinción del constitucionalismo en los sistemas democráticos y autoritarios, respectivamente. Con el efecto, evidentemente, de considerar la categoría de constitucionalismo como «prescriptiva».
Estudo Sobre as Abordagens Linguísticas em Retrospectiva
Authors: Yago de Souza Hipolito Franklin , Lucas Israel Nascimento da Silva Renan
Published: April 2024

A partir do século XIX, a linguística ganha visibilidade com os estudos de Saussure, os quais passam a estudar a língua e a linguagem de forma sistemática. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um panorama das diversas abordagens linguísticas pelo mundo desde o estruturalismo saussuriano ao interacionismo na linguagem. Como procedimento metodológico, o estudo foi realizado a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, em que foi feito um levantamento de fundamentação teórica de estudiosos acerca da temática. Para uma melhor compreensão dos tópicos abordados, este artigo foi divido em duas partes, em que a primeira faz uma retrospectiva histórica das principais abordagens linguísticas, seus contextos, seus expoentes e seus desdobramentos. Já a segunda parte discute uma retrospectiva histórica da Linguística Textual, em que se aprofunda no universo da área, a fim de discutir sobre as suas formulações teóricas e seus principais expoentes. Destarte, o estudo aponta para a importância de se se compreender as abordagens linguísticas.
Catalysts of Eco-Constitutional Evolution
Authors: Lorber Franca Emilia
Published: April 2024

On a lawsuit brought forth by a women’s association of the indigenous Kukama people. The association sought recognition of the intrinsic rights of the Marañón River. The judgement is part of a broader constitutional trend towards recognizing nature’s own rights. This movement is notably being driven by Latin American nations where indigenous perspectives on nature emphasize the intrinsic link between a healthy environment and the realization of human rights, thereby softening the adversarial stance between anthropocentrism and ecocentrism. As such, this jurisprudence may serve as catalyst for the ecological constitutional evolution of Western legal systems.
Ot lingvistichna geografia kam arealna lingvistika. Teoria i praktika na analiza na kasni yavlenia v balgarskia ezik
Authors:   Faculty of Slavic Studies, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Mladenova Darina
Published: April 2024

This book aims to shed light on the dialect landscape of the Bulgarian language, make a contribution to Bulgarian linguistic geography and enable the establishment of areal linguistics as a subfield of Bulgarian Studies. To achieve these goals, I use the map of the Bulgarian dialect terms for ‘tomato’ as a test range, in which I experiment with different approaches, in order to gauge the maximum depth of interpretation of areal data one can achieve and bring forth the research questions that experience and intuition suggest to a seasoned geolinguist at different stages of the analysis, questions which usually remain outside readers’ horizon.The book consists of an introduction, five chapters and a conclusion, and includes 124 maps, 41 figures and 25 tables. The text has been divided in numbered sections with numbers x .y in which x identifies the chapter and y stands for the consecutive number of the respective section within the chapter. I refer to these section numbers throughout the book and in this summary. With the exception of the words Sofia, Rhodope, Danube, Black Sea, Moesia and Bulgaria rendered in their usual English forms, the geographic and personal names in the summary are transliterated according to the 1968 version of standard 9 of the International Organization of Standardization, recommended for academic purposes.
Digitaalinen Zekki-palvelu yhdistää nuorten tarpeet ja tarjolla olevan tuen
Authors: Paananen Reija , Alanko Reetta , Kainulainen Sakari
Published: April 2024

• Nuorilähtöinen valtakunnallinen verkkopalvelu Zekki tarjoaa matalan kynnyksen tukea.• Zekille on ollut tarvetta, mikä näkyy arvioitua suuremmissa käyttäjämäärissä. Palvelu on tavoittanut kohderyhmänsä – ja myös syrjemmällä asuvat nuoret.• Zekin kehittämisessä hyödynnettiin palvelumuotoilua, jossa keskeistä on yhteiskehittäminen ja asiakaslähtöisyys.• Monialainen ja -ammatillinen yhteistyö on välttämätöntä hyvään lopputulokseen pääsemisessä, samoin yhteinen tavoite.• Tieteellisen tiedon ja käytännön kokemuksen sulauttaminen auttaa rakentamaan toimivia palveluita.• Digitaalisille palveluille on tarvetta, ja niitä voidaan kehittää ihmislähtöisesti. Tekoälyn hyödyntäminen avaa tulevaisuudessa uudenlaisia mahdollisuuksia.
Hoito syytteen sijaan -toimintamallin ­arviointitutkimus: Monialaista yhteistyötä nuorten ­huumausaineiden käytön ­ehkäisemiseksi
Authors: Lilja Taru , Ristikari Tiina , Niemelä Mika
Published: April 2024

Hoito syytteen sijaan on Lapin poliisin ja sosiaali-, terveys- ja nuorisopalvelujen yhteistyömalli,jonka tavoitteena on ehkäistä lasten ja nuorten huumausaineiden käyttöä.

Käyttörikoksesta ensimmäisen kerran kiinni jääneelle alle 25-vuotiaalle tarjotaan psykososiaalista hoitoa.

Mallia ollaan kehittämässä yhtenäisemmäksi, vaikuttavammaksi ja kuntien rakenteisiin paremmin integroitavaksi.

Tässä artikkelissa esitellään kehittämisen tueksi toteutettu laadullinen haastattelututkimus ja ­systemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsaus. Niiden perusteella mallia verrataan samankaltaisiin ­kansainvälisiin toimintamalleihin.

Päätelmänä on, että monialaisen toimintamallin onnistuminen edellyttää säännöllistä ­yhteyden­pitoa toimijoiden välillä. Yhteiseen tavoitteeseen ja yhteistyöhön sitoutuminen on tärkeää.

Monialaisesti organisoitujen toimintamallien kehittämisessä toimijoiden yhteistyön laadullinen ­arviointi on varteenotettava vaihtoehto perinteisille vaikuttavuustutkimuksille.
TCM-ryhmänhallintamenetelmän ­käyttöönotto – laadullinen monitieteinen pilottitutkimus opettajien kokemuksista
Authors: Maunula Minna , Granlund Kati , Harju-Luukkainen Heidi , Palosaari Oona
Published: April 2024

Kun ryhmässä on esimerkiksi käyttäytymisellään reagoivia oppilaita, tarvitaan nopeaa puuttumistasekä moniammatillisen ja monitieteisen näkökulman hyödyntämistä.

TCM-ryhmänhallintamenetelmän tavoitteena on tukea oppilaan sosioemotionaalista kehitystä, ­parantaa opettajan ja oppilaan vuorovaikutusta sekä vahvistaa koulun ja kodin yhteistyötä.

Opettajan ryhmänhallintataidot heijastuvat myönteisesti kaikkiin luokan oppilaisiin.

Opettajan myönteinen viestintä koteihin voi edistää vuorovaikutusta ja helpottaa hankalien asioiden hoitoa.

TCM-menetelmän implementointi kouluyhteisöön vaatii tukea.

Kollegiaaliset kokemukset ja uudistuneet ryhmänhallintataidot vahvistavat opettajan työssä jaksamista.
Vaikuttavuustutkimus: Meta-analyysista lisää voimaa tulosten tulkinnan tueksi
Authors: Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Sanna
Published: April 2024

Artikkeli on jatkoa Kasvun tuki -aikakauslehdessä julkaistulle Vaikuttavuustutkimus-artikkelisarjalle:– Vaikuttavuustutkimus: Satunnaistettu vertailukoe tulee suunnitella huolella (2/2021)– Vaikuttavuustutkimus: Satunnaistetun vertailukokeen laadukkaan raportoinnin edellytykset (1/2022)– Vaikuttavuustutkimus: Miten arvioida harhaa satunnaistetuissa vertailukokeissa? (2/2022)– Vaikuttavuustutkimus: Mitä tulee huomioida analysoitaessa satunnaistetun vertailukokeen aineistoa? (1/2023)

Meta-analyysi on tilastollinen menetelmä, jonka avulla yhdistetään kvantitatiivisesti systemaattisen katsauksen tutkimukset.

Meta-analyysi yhdistää useiden tutkimusten tulokset parhaaksi arvioksi näiden tutkimusten tuloksista.

Satunnaistettujen vertailukokeiden meta-analyyseissa hyvä tutkimuskysymys määrittelee osallistujat, interventiot, vertailut ja vasteet (Participants, Interventions, Comparisons, Outcomes eli PICO).

Meta-analyysissa on monta vaihetta: 1) tutkimuskysymysten määrittäminen2) kirjallisuustietokantojen läpikäynti3) tutkimusten valinta ja tietojenhaku4) efektikokojen yhdistäminen5) heterogeenisyyden tarkastelu 6) meta-analyysin tulosten raportoiminen.

Yksilökohtaiseen dataan ja osajoukkoanalyyseihin perustuvat meta-analyysit soveltuvat parhaiten kohdennettujen interventioiden tarkasteluun.
Remição de pena pela leitura às pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade em Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Lopes de Oliveira Katia Juliane , Alves Carvalho Patrícia , De Araújo Gonçalves Victor Hugo , Andrade Dalla Costa Bárbara Cristina , Tebaldi Camila , Garcia Pereira Felipe
Published: April 2024

A Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Sul tem seu princípio de trabalho alicerçado no tripé ensino, pesquisa e extensão, e, pautada no direito do acesso à educação a todas as pessoas, é uma universidade pública que se coloca à serviço da comunidade, especialmente das pessoas marginalizadas e em condições de exclusão. Dessa forma, dispõe-se a ir e estar na comunidade e em espaços onde a educação, muitas vezes, é negada ou inacessível, por inúmeras questões sociais. Com isso, em parceria com o Governo do Estado e em diálogo com a Agência Estadual de Administração do Sistema Penitenciário (AGEPEN), esta ação de extensão universitária teve como objetivo principal viabilizar a remição da pena por meio da leitura nas principais penitenciárias do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Alinhando ações pautadas no fornecimento de aulas e na leitura e elaboração de resenha crítica de obras literárias, acadêmicos e professores da UEMS participantes do projeto cumpriram a importante tarefa de promover ações que possibilitem a reinserção social de pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade e o fornecimento de acesso à informação, além da redução de sentença por meio do cumprimento das atividades propostas.
"Prosas Feministas em Tempos de Pandemia"
Authors: Corrêa Ana Elisa Cruz , Silva Luciana Henrique da , Redondo Michelle Franco
Published: April 2024

O “Prosas Feministas em Tempos de Pandemia” foi um ciclo de debates, realizado por meio de encontros online e prosas-lives, que visava refletir, junto a estudantes, professores, pesquisadores e demais interessados, sobre os desafios da análise das relações de classe, gênero e raça, diante do quadro de crise sistêmica e epistemológica que afeta diretamente a universidade, a produção de conhecimento, a ciência e a tecnologia, as perspectivas de trabalho e sociabilidade. Objetivou-se, assim, ampliar o debate sociológico sobre a teoria feminista crítica para o público em geral, bem como oferecer a docentes e discentes elementos para analisar o atual quadro de reprodução do patriarcado e a decadência das relações sociais capitalistas que afetam direta e indiretamente nossa vida cotidiana. Buscamos, desse modo, romper com o silenciamento e a normalização de desigualdades sociais cada vez mais agudizadas. O “Prosas Feministas” se organizou como um grupo de estudos com o intuito de compartilhar pesquisas de caráter feminista anticapitalista, unindo pesquisadoras de diferentes universidades, a fim de democratizar o acesso aos estudos sobre gênero, sempre em diálogo com as questões de classe e raça. A indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão é um dos eixos fundamentais da universidade pública, e é essa intersecção de práticas que o “Prosas Feministas” buscou efetivar. Além dos encontros entre as pesquisadoras, foram realizadas oito prosas-lives com pesquisadores convidadas que contaram com mais de três mil visualizações. Ademais, foi publicado um e-book com textos das pesquisadoras e das convidadas, a partir das reflexões suscitadas pelos debates.
Challenges Facing ODL Students when Conducting Research in Tanzania: A Case of Institute of Adult Education Regional Centres
Authors: Magembe Kija
Published: April 2024

This study examined challenges that Open and Distance Learning (ODL) students face when conducting research in the Institute of Adult Education Regional Centres, Tanzania. A quantitative research approach with descriptive cross-sectional survey design were used in this study. The sample of this study involved ODL diploma students who were in their final stage of the research project in 2018. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select a sample of 80 students. Data were collected through questionnaires. A validated instrument with a test–retest reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used to elicit responses from respondents. The instrument was validated to ensure its accuracy, relevance, and effectiveness in measuring what it intended to measure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics using SPSS version 20.0software. The study found out that challenges faced by students when conducting research were of three categories: student-related challenges, supervisor-related challenges and institutional-related challenges. This study recommends that there is a need for regular workshops for research supervision to supervisors, motivating supervisors to attend and present papers at local and international conferences. Students should start planning in early enough on how to carry out the research studies. Meanwhile, adopting a COSTA model of supervision should be made as it provides a structured framework for effective supervision, facilitation, clearer communication, goal alignment and strategic planning. Keywords: Challenges, students, ODL, research, Tanzania
Nukkuva karhu ja rukouksen voima
Authors: Olsson Pia
Published: April 2024

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan suomalaisten Ukrainan sotaan liittämiä historiatulkintoja ja niihin kiinnittyviä tunteita. Aineistona hyödynnetään Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran vuonna 2022 järjestämää kyselyä Sota Ukrainassa. Keruukutsussa vastaajia pyydettiin kertomaan Venäjän hyökkäyssodan herättämistä ajatuksista, reaktioista ja tuntemuksista. Keruuseen saapui 70 vastausta. Aineistoa lähestytään kulttuurintutkimuksellisen affektiteorian näkökulmasta, jossa tunteet nähdään osana merkityksenantoprosesseja. Aineistoa tarkastellaan muisti-ideologia käsitteen valossa. Käsite kattaa sekä historia- ja muistipoliittiset että historiakuvaan liittyvät tekijät. Ukrainan sotaa käsittelevä kerronta tarjoaa näkökulman siihen, miten menneisyyttä nykyisyydessä käsitellään ja minkälainen rooli tunnemuistoilla tässä prosessia on. Ukrainan sotaan kiinnittyvät affektiiviset kuviot koostuvat henkilökohtaisista ja jaetuista muistoista sekä jaetuista ja ristiriitaisista historiakuvista. Niihin liittyy ruumiillisiksi koettuja tuntemuksia, joissa tunne ottaa fyysisesti vallan kertojastaan. Yhteiskunnalliset diskurssit näkyvät tunnemuistoissa monikerroksisina linkittyen vastaushetkeen ja siihen kytkeytyviin historia- ja muistin politiikkaan.
DESIGNING OVERVOLTAGE AND UNDERVOLTAGE TRIPPING CIRCUIT FOR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM LOAD WITH GSM ALERT USING MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Prasad Dr. P.H. K , Lingaiah T. , Kumar Dr. K. Kusal , Naik Bhukya Thulasi
Published: April 2024

The main aims of this project to alert the relay when some difference in supply power for shield electrical home equipment and industrial instrument under over-voltage and under-voltage. The chances of damaged electronic devices are more because the equipment is much conscious in different power supply. In this scenario, it needs an extra shield system to shield the instrument by a different power. With the voltage comparator integrated circuits decide the trip of relay system get function as the voltage differs higher than or down the set worth. The major profit by that it also shields the 3-phase device from 1-phase and variation of power in ac power waveform. In the coming days it also possible earth fault detection and protection.
Periodontal ligament on pulp-free root slices – an in vitro model for early tooth (re)integration
Authors: Baschong Werner , Weiss Paco , Imholz Martha-Sophia , Filippi Andreas
Published: April 2024

Reintegration of freshly extracted healthy teeth is very successful, most likely due to the regenerative capacity of their roots’ residual periodontal ligament (PDL). We hypothesised that in vitro cultures of the consecutive slices of a sectioned root will represent the entity of PDL cell types engaged in tooth-sided reintegration. For confirmation, apex and pulp from human premolars were removed and roots cut into 6 to 9 about 1 mm thick slices. These were immobilised to separate wells and cultured for 20 days, under daily inspection for the initiation of cell outgrowth (ICO). ICO and the distribution of vital slices along, the cell growth around as well as the expansion of outgrown cells off the root axes after 20 days were displayed for each tooth as 3D-like profiles. Of the 81 slices from 11 teeth, 55 showed ICO; 64% within one week and 96% within two weeks. Such dynamics compare to the early (day 2–5) and the intermediate (day 9–14) integration phase reported for PDL cells in vivo. Experimental phase contrast images of a single slice showed at ICO few fibroblast- and stem/progenitor- like cells. Four and five days later at the same site cells had grown in number and changed in shape and space over time. This exploratory study indicates that in root slice cultures PDL cells behave similarly to those during reintegration in vivo. It favours our hypothesis, which is now to be adequately verified. Eventually, the model may facilitate the identification of outgrowing cells and cellular changes over time, as triggered by tissue rupture. It may further allow for emulating cellular interactions between the root surface and alveolar bone or engineered constructs, natural or engineered scaffolds, or other tissue, in an in vivo-like situation.
Performance characterization and microscopic properties of asphalt modified with rapeseed heavy oil-activated waste rubber powder
Authors: Liu Ruifeng
Published: April 2024

To improve the waste rubber powder modified asphalt viscosity is high, poor storage stability, and other shortcomings, 40 mesh, 60 mesh, and 80 mesh are three kinds of mesh rubber powder using rapeseed heavy oil pre-swelling activation way to prepare modified asphalt, improve the waste rubber powder modified asphalt storage stability and reduce the viscosity. The optimum blending amount of rapeseed heavy oil-activated waste rubber powder was determined by setting three oil-rubber ratios, and the unactivated waste gum powder modified asphalt was set as a control group, and the physical, rheological, and microscopic properties of the asphalt were evaluated accordingly. The optimum preparation parameters under the premise of setting the total dosage of modifier as 20% were: the mass ratio of rubber powder to rapeseed oil was 2:1, and the mesh size of rubber powder was 80 mesh. Rapeseed heavy oil-activated waste rubber powder modified asphalt storage stability and low-temperature performance improved, viscosity decreased, but high-temperature performance decreased at the same time. Compared with the unactivated waste rubber powder modified asphalt, the softening point decreased by an average of 16%, the needle penetration increased by an average of 19%, the ductility increased by an average of 44%, the viscosity decreased by an average of 22%, and the softening point difference decreased by an average of 44%. In the high-temperature rheological performance test set temperature interval, the rutting coefficient G*/sinδ decline, creep stiffness Ѕ, and creep rate m have increased. Therefore, rapeseed heavy oil activation can effectively improve the overall stability of waste rubber powder-modified asphalt and can reduce the overall viscosity, which is conducive to the uniform dispersion of rubber powder in asphalt.
Los memes como simbolos del discurso de odio
Authors: Aranda Serna Francisco José
Published: April 2024

Los memes de Internet se han convertido en una expresión cultural y artística de las redes sociales más populares. Los memes son expresiones gráficas acompañadas de un pequeño texto que reflejan una idea o noticia de actualidad con cierto tono humorístico que se viralizan con gran facilidad. Este artículo pretende abordar el problema de la difusión del discurso del odio a través de los memes en las redes sociales. Esta difusión del discurso del odio a través de memes es especialmente relevante en política y se analizarán algunos ejemplos significativos de memes políticos para destacar su gran influencia en la celebración de elecciones.
Estrategias de comunicación pública sobre prevención y cannabis
Authors: Martínez Martínez Luz , Piqueiras Conlledo Paloma
Published: April 2024

Que el cannabis sea la sustancia ilegal más consumida del mundo (Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito, 2021), representa un problema de salud pública. Por ello, esta investigación plantea el análisis de la relación entre cognición y emoción aplicada a la información sobre cannabis, desde la concepción de la comunicación persuasiva y la aplicación de herramientas de neurocomunicación. Los hallazgos: 1) identifican patrones de consumo y percepciones sobre el cannabis entre jóvenes; 2) evalúan las respuestas implícitas asociadas al uso de distintos tipos de frame y; 3) estudian la interacción producida por distintas estrategias comunicativas.
Innovación en Arquitectura
Authors: Pérez Nanclares Carlos Mario , Del Blanco García Federico Luis
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación analiza el papel de ciertas redes sociales como herramientas educativas en el aprendizaje de la arquitectura, específicamente en talleres de proyectos enfocados en el diseño paramétrico, un método vinculado estrechamente con la conceptualización y aplicación del diseño computacional.

La investigación se centra en la pregunta de si estas experiencias digitales pueden igualar la interacción social en los talleres de diseño, un aspecto considerado esencial por varios expertos en educación para el desarrollo de habilidades técnicas y creativas.
Pelatihan Digital Marketing Untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan UKM Pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Salo
Authors: Ilahi Andi Alfianto Anugrah , Runtu Muhammad Rasdy Gery , Sapada M Iqbal A
Published: April 2024

Pelatihan Pemasaran Digital Masyarakat Desa Salo merupakan program pelatihan yang bertujuan untuk memperkuat keterampilan pemasaran digital di kalangan masyarakat setempat. Program ini dirancang untuk memberikan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan dukungan yang diperlukan bagi individu di Kecamatan Salo untuk mengembangkan usahanya sendiri. Dalam pelatihan ini, peserta akan mempelajari aspek-aspek penting dalam memasarkan produk melalui platform pemasaran digital, pengelolaan keuangan, dan strategi penjualan bisnis. Melalui pemasaran digital. Dengan pelatihan ini diharapkan masyarakat Desa Salo dapat meningkatkan potensi perekonomiannya, menciptakan lapangan kerja baru, dan berkontribusi positif terhadap pembangunan perekonomian setempat. Program ini merupakan langkah positif dalam membangun kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat dan menurunkan angka kemiskinan di Desa Salo.
Melintasi Keindahan Alam Menuju Kebersamaan: Inisiatif Bakti Sosial di Air Terjun To Magelli
Authors: Auliah Ambarwati  , Natsir Muhammad , Fatimah Dian , Syam Emhy Zelvia
Published: April 2024

Desa Kamiri berasal dari pemekaran Kelurahan Takkalasi Kecamatan Soppeng Riaja Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Desa ini memiliki beberapa potensi wisata salah satunya wisata air terjun To Magelli, yang terletak di Dusun Rumpiah. Dalam usaha meningkatkan potensi serta menarik wisatawan Institut Andi Sapada bekerjasama dengan pemerintah Desa Kamiri, mengadakan bakti sosial di sekitar lokasi Air terjun, seperti membersihkan jalanan menuju Lokasi Air Terjun, serta memberikan bantuan berupa Tali tambang pada akses jalan menuju air terjun yang medannya cukup curam dan berbatu.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Digital Marketing di Rumah Jahit Esa Parepare
Authors: Kasuri Muh. Adnan , MS M. Rizal , Kamila Dhea Zalsa , Nilam Nilam , Hasan Hamida
Published: April 2024

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan pemahaman pemilik usaha Rumah Jahit Esa dalam memanfaatkan platform digital dan mengelola manajemen keuangan secara lebih terstruktur. Melalui kegiatan ini, diharapkan pemilik usaha dapat meningkatkan keterampilannya sesuai dengan tuntutan era digital saat ini. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di ruang workshop Rumah Jahit Esa. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman pemilik usaha terkait memasarkan usahanya secara digital. Peningkatan keterampilan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap manajemen keuangan Rumah Jahit Esa dan secara keseluruhan, membantu pemilik usaha dalam menghadapi tantangan ekonomi di era digital ini.
ICAM-1 nanoclusters regulate hepatic epithelial cell polarity by leukocyte adhesion-independent control of apical actomyosin
Authors: Cacho-Navas Cristina , López-Pujante Carmen , Reglero-Real Natalia , Colás-Algora Natalia , Cuervo Ana , Conesa Jose Javier , Barroso Susana , de Rivas Gema , Ciordia Sergio , Paradela Alberto , D'Agostino Gianluca , Manzo Carlo , Feito Jorge , Andrés Germán , Molina-Jiménez Francisca , Majano Pedro , Correas Isabel , Carazo José-Maria , Nourshargh Sussan , Huch Meritxell , Millán Jaime
Published: April 2024

Epithelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 is apically polarized, interacts with, and guides leukocytes across epithelial barriers. Polarized hepatic epithelia organize their apical membrane domain into bile canaliculi and ducts, which are not accessible to circulating immune cells but that nevertheless confine most of ICAM-1. Here, by analyzing ICAM-1_KO human hepatic cells, liver organoids from ICAM-1_KO mice and rescue-of-function experiments, we show that ICAM-1 regulates epithelial apicobasal polarity in a leukocyte adhesion-independent manner. ICAM-1 signals to an actomyosin network at the base of canalicular microvilli, thereby controlling the dynamics and size of bile canalicular-like structures. We identified the scaffolding protein EBP50/NHERF1/SLC9A3R1, which connects membrane proteins with the underlying actin cytoskeleton, in the proximity interactome of ICAM-1. EBP50 and ICAM-1 form nano-scale domains that overlap in microvilli, from which ICAM-1 regulates EBP50 nano-organization. Indeed, EBP50 expression is required for ICAM-1-mediated control of BC morphogenesis and actomyosin. Our findings indicate that ICAM-1 regulates the dynamics of epithelial apical membrane domains beyond its role as a heterotypic cell–cell adhesion molecule and reveal potential therapeutic strategies for preserving epithelial architecture during inflammatory stress.
Cyclic muscle contractions reinforce the acto-myosin motors and mediate the full elongation of C. elegans embryo
Authors: Dai Anna , Amar Martine Ben
Published: April 2024

The paramount importance of mechanical forces in morphogenesis and embryogenesis is widely recognized, but understanding the mechanism at the cellular and molecular level remains challenging. Because of its simple internal organization, Caenorhabditis elegans is a rewarding system of study. As demonstrated experimentally, after an initial period of steady elongation driven by the actomyosin network, muscle contractions operate a quasi-periodic sequence of bending, rotation and torsion, that leads to the final 4-fold size of the embryo before hatching. How actomyosin and muscles contribute to embryonic elongation is investigated here theoretically. A filamentary elastic model that converts stimuli generated by biochemical signals in the tissue into driving forces, explains embryonic deformation under actin bundles and muscle activity, and dictates mechanisms of late elongation based on the effects of energy conversion and dissipation. We quantify this dynamic transformation by stretches applied to a cylindrical structure that mimics the body shape in finite elasticity, obtaining good agreement and understanding for both wild-type and mutant embryos at all stages.
Ribosome subunit attrition and activation of the p53–MDM4 axis dominate the response of MLL-rearranged cancer cells to WDR5 WIN site inhibition
Authors: Howard Gregory C. , Wang Jing , Rose Kristie Lindsey , Jones Camden , Patel Purvi , Tsui Tina , Florian Andrea C. , Vlach Logan , Lorey Shelly L. , Grieb Brian C. , Smith Brianna N. , Slota Macey J. , Reynolds Elizabeth M. , Goswami Soumita , Savona Michael R. , Mason Frank M. , Lee Taekyu , Fesik Stephen W. , Liu Qi , Tansey William P.
Published: April 2024

The chromatin-associated protein WD Repeat Domain 5 (WDR5) is a promising target for cancer drug discovery, with most efforts blocking an arginine-binding cavity on the protein called the "WIN" site that tethers WDR5 to chromatin. WIN site inhibitors (WINi) are active against multiple cancer cell types in vitro, the most notable of which are those derived from MLL-rearranged (MLLr) leukemias. Peptidomimetic WINi were originally proposed to inhibit MLLr cells via dysregulation of genes connected to hematopoietic stem cell expansion. Our discovery and interrogation of small molecule WIN site inhibitors, however, revealed that they act in MLLr cell lines to suppress ribosome protein gene (RPG) transcription, induce nucleolar stress, and activate p53. Because there is no precedent for an anti-cancer strategy that specifically targets RPG expression, we took an integrated multi-omics approach to further interrogate the mechanism of action of WINi in MLLr cancer cells. We show that WINi induce depletion of the stock of ribosomes, accompanied by a broad yet modest translational choke and changes in alternative mRNA splicing that inactivate the p53 antagonist MDM4. We also show that WINi are synergistic with agents including venetoclax and BET-bromodomain inhibitors. Together, these studies reinforce the concept that WINi are a novel type of ribosome-directed anti-cancer therapy and provide a resource to support their clinical implementation in MLLr leukemias and other malignancies.
Retinal metabolism: Evidence for uncoupling of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation via Cori-, Cahill-, and mini-Krebs-cycle
Authors: Chen Yiyi , Zizmare Laimdota , Calbiague Victor , Wang Lan , Yu Shirley , Herberg Friedrich W. , Schmachtenberg Oliver , Paquet-Durand François , Trautwein Christoph
Published: April 2024

The retina consumes massive amounts of energy, yet its metabolism and substrate exploitation remain poorly understood. Here, we used a murine explant model to manipulate retinal energy metabolism under entirely controlled conditions and utilized 1 H-NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics, in situenzyme detection, and cell viability readouts to uncover the pathways of retinal energy production. Our experimental manipulations resulted in varying degrees of photoreceptor degeneration, while the inner retina and retinal pigment epithelium were essentially unaffected. This selective vulnerability of photoreceptors suggested very specific adaptations in their energy metabolism. Rod photoreceptors were found to rely strongly on oxidative phosphorylation, but only mildly on glycolysis. Conversely, cone photoreceptors were dependent on glycolysis but insensitive to electron transport chain decoupling. Importantly, photoreceptors appeared to uncouple glycolytic and Krebs-cycle metabolism via three different pathways: 1) the mini-Krebs-cycle, fueled by glutamine and branched-chain amino acids, generating N-acetylaspartate; 2) the alanine-generating Cahill-cycle; 3) the lactate-releasing Cori-cycle. Moreover, the metabolomic data indicated a shuttling of taurine and hypotaurine between the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors, likely resulting in an additional net transfer of reducing power to photoreceptors. These findings expand our understanding of retinal physiology and pathology and shed new light on neuronal energy homeostasis and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Syntaxin 17 recruitment to mature autophagosomes is temporally regulated by PI4P accumulation
Authors: Shinoda Saori , Sakai Yuji , Matsui Takahide , Uematsu Masaaki , Koyama-Honda Ikuko , Sakamaki Jun-ichi , Yamamoto Hayashi , Mizushima Noboru
Published: April 2024

During macroautophagy, cytoplasmic constituents are engulfed by autophagosomes. Lysosomes fuse with closed autophagosomes but not with unclosed intermediate structures. This is achieved in part by the late recruitment of the autophagosomal SNARE syntaxin 17 (STX17) to mature autophagosomes. However, how STX17 recognizes autophagosome maturation is not known. Here, we show that this temporally regulated recruitment of STX17 depends on the positively charged C-terminal region of STX17. Consistent with this finding, mature autophagosomes are more negatively charged compared with unclosed intermediate structures. This electrostatic maturation of autophagosomes is likely driven by the accumulation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) in the autophagosomal membrane. Accordingly, dephosphorylation of autophagosomal PI4P prevents the association of STX17 to autophagosomes. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations support PI4P-dependent membrane insertion of the transmembrane helices of STX17. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which STX17 recruitment to mature autophagosomes is temporally regulated by a PI4P-driven change in the surface charge of autophagosomes.
Senescence of endplate osteoclasts induces sensory innervation and spinal pain
Authors: Pan Dayu , Benkato Kheiria Gamal , Han Xuequan , Zheng Jinjian , Kumar Vijay , Wan Mei , Zheng Junying , Cao Xu
Published: April 2024

Spinal pain affects individuals of all ages and is the most common musculoskeletal problem globally. Its clinical management remains a challenge as the underlying mechanisms leading to it are still unclear. Here, we report that significantly increased numbers of senescent osteoclasts (SnOCs) are observed in mouse models of spinal hypersensitivity, like lumbar spine instability (LSI) or aging, compared to controls. The larger population of SnOCs is associated with induced sensory nerve innervation, as well as the growth of H-type vessels, in the porous endplate. We show that deletion of senescent cells by administration of the senolytic drug Navitoclax (ABT263) results in significantly less spinal hypersensitivity, spinal degeneration, porosity of the endplate, sensory nerve innervation and H-type vessel growth in the endplate. We also show that there is significantly increased SnOC-mediated secretion of Netrin-1 and NGF, two well-established sensory nerve growth factors, compared to non-senescent OCs. These findings suggest that pharmacological elimination of SnOCs may be a potent therapy to treat spinal pain.
KIS counteracts PTBP2 and regulates alternative exon usage in neurons
Authors: Moreno-Aguilera Marcos , Neher Alba M , Mendoza Mónica B , Dodel Martin , Mardakheh Faraz K , Ortiz Raúl , Gallego Carme
Published: April 2024

Alternative RNA splicing is an essential and dynamic process in neuronal differentiation and synapse maturation, and dysregulation of this process has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have revealed the importance of RNA-binding proteins in the regulation of neuronal splicing programs. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of these splicing regulators are still unclear. Here, we show that KIS, a kinase upregulated in the developmental brain, imposes a genome-wide alteration in exon usage during neuronal differentiation in mice. KIS contains a protein-recognition domain common to spliceosomal components and phosphorylates PTBP2, counteracting the role of this splicing factor in exon exclusion. At the molecular level, phosphorylation of unstructured domains within PTBP2 causes its dissociation from two co-regulators, Matrin3 and hnRNPM, and hinders the RNA-binding capability of the complex. Furthermore, KIS and PTBP2 display strong and opposing functional interactions in synaptic spine emergence and maturation. Taken together, our data uncover a post-translational control of splicing regulators that link transcriptional and alternative exon usage programs in neuronal development.
Adaptive control for uncrewed aerial vehicles based on communication information optimization in complex environments
Authors: Wang Zirong , Han Zhengyu , Tayyaba Shahzadi
Published: April 2024

The utilization of drone technology thrives in diverse domains, including aviation, military operations, and logistics. The pervasive adoption of this technology aims to enhance efficiency while mitigating hazards and expenditures. In complex contexts, the governing parameters of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAV) require real-time adjustments for flight safety and efficacy. To improve the attitude estimation accuracy, this article introduces a ATT-Bi-LSTM framework for optimizing UAVs through adaptive parameter control, which integrates the state information gleaned from communication signals. The ATT-Bi-LSTM achieves data feature extraction by means of a two-layer Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BI-LSTM) at its inception to enhance the feature. Subsequently, it harnesses the attention mechanism to amplify the LSTM network’s output, thereby enabling the optimal control of UAV positioning. During the empirical phase, we employ optical system data for the comparative validation of the model. The outcomes underscore the commendable performance of the proposed framework in this study, particularly with regard to the three pivotal position indicators: yaw, pitch, and roll. In the comparison of indicators such as RMSR and MAE, the proposed model has the lowest error, which provides algorithm support and important reference for future UAV optimization control research.
Advancement in the development of single chain antibodies using phage display technology
Authors: Zheng Xiaohui , Liu Qi , Liang Yimin , Feng Wenzhi , Yu Honghao , Tong Chunyu , Song Bocui
Published: April 2024

Phage display technology has become an important research tool in biological research, fundamentally changing the traditional monoclonal antibody preparation process, and has been widely used in the establishment of antigen-antibody libraries, drug design, vaccine research, pathogen detection, gene therapy, antigenic epitope research, and cellular signal transduction research.The phage display is a powerful platform for technology development. Using phage display technology, single chain fragment variable (scFv) can be screened, replacing the disadvantage of the large size of traditional antibodies. Phage display single chain antibody libraries have significant biological implications. Here we describe the types of antibodies, including chimeric antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and scFvs. In addition, we describe the phage display system, phage display single chain antibody libraries, screening of specific antibodies by phage libraries and the application of phage libraries.
Representation of investigation results of microplastics on sandy beaches—accumulation rate and abundance in the entire study site
Authors: Asakura Hiroshi
Published: April 2024

Long-term microplastics (MPs) environmental pollution trends cannot be understood only by investigating their presence on beaches. Without estimating MPs for the entire beach, comparisons between multiple beaches cannot be made. In this study, Nagasaki Prefecture was selected as the study site, we measured MPs accumulation rate to express the MPs pollution trend and weighted the measurement results to enable comparison of MPs content among multiple sandy beaches. The MPs accumulation rate in the study site was measured by periodic investigation at fixed spots. The average in the supratidal zone was 1.5 ± 0.9 mg-MPs/(m2-sand⋅ d) (n = 15). The weighting of the MPs content in hot spots and non-hot spots by their respective areas enabled us to obtain the representative value and the dispersion of the MPs content in the entire study site. The MPs contents in the three beaches were 298 ± 144, 1,115 ± 518, and 4,084 ± 2,243 mg-MPs/(m2-sand), respectively. Using these values, it is possible to compare the MPs contents of multiple beaches.
A bibliometric study of lean manufacturing and its relationship with sustainability
Authors: Sousa Jose Paulo de , Silva José Irivaldo Alves de Oliveira
Published: April 2024

The need to reflect on the contributions that lean manufacturing offers through its application in industrial production management has motivated this paper. Also, the way in which academic research has been developed to understand the object of study in the parameters of citation, co-citation, the most influential countries, languages, keywords and evolution index amidst the temporality of the subject under study. Lean Manufacturing and the current panorama of research carried out in the last ten years were defined as objectives to analyze. In view of this, we carried out a bibliometrics research to generate results for the understanding and analysis of the main contributions of research on the relevant topic. Therefore, the main results achieved indicate there is a need to be further explore the topic in the national scenario to enable greater knowledge of its contributions to the industry and to the academic environment. Thus, it is understandable that the industry needs processes that are advantageous for its production process and human capital. It is necessary to innovate, invest and organize management models which offer better performances in the production, as well as in the value passed on to the consumers in a way that lean manufacturing offers answers to the production process, directed to the lean production originated from the Toyota Production System, enabling the management of the production process balanced for the real consumption demand, providing the conscious use of inputs, as well as providing opportunities for sustainability through economic, social and environmental factors.
Fluorescence patterns and diversity of hydrozoans from Bocas del Toro, Panama
Authors: Beckmann Lara M , Vincent Bridget A , De León Alexandra , Masterman Jessica , Lau Emily S , Haddock Steven HD
Published: April 2024

Many metazoans contain molecules capable of fluorescence, the absorption and re-emission of light. Since the anatomical distribution, or patterning, of these molecules is variable across taxa, patterns of fluorescence may serve as a powerful diagnostic tool in taxonomy and ecology. However, species-specific fluorescence patterns among marine invertebrates are poorly understood. Here, we show that hydrozoans have diverse fluorescence patterns, which may result from molecules that are produced intrinsically or obtained from dietary sources. We surveyed hydrozoans including siphonophores, hydromedusae, and hydroids across 5 orders from pelagic and benthic marine environments in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Our findings show that fluorescence patterns are highly prevalent and may vary across hydrozoan species and throughout development. Most of the examined hydrozoan taxa exhibited some form of fluorescence, with variation observed between life stages and body parts. Fluorescence was documented in 88% of  hydromedusae (Leptothecata, Anthoathecata, Limnomedusae and Narcomedusae), 50% of hydroid, and 75% of siphonophore taxa that were observed in this study. Our results illustrate how fluorescence patterns may serve as a useful diagnostic tool to explore marine biodiversity, highlighting the need for further documentation of fluorescence patterns across marine diversity and research into the molecules that underlie this phenomenon.
Три столетия академии наук: год за годом
Authors: Лопатин А.В.
Published: April 2024

Российская академия наук подошла к своему трехсотлетнему юбилею. Обзор основных событий ее истории позволяет видеть, что Академия наук в России всегда воспринималась властью и обществом как главное государственное научное учреждение, ответственное за организацию и проведение фундаментальных и прикладных научных исследований в стране на мировом уровне развития знаний, за технический прогресс, качество образования, безопасности, здравоохранения и культуры, а также противодействие обскурантизму и лженаучным тенденциям во всех сферах жизни.
An Evaluation of the Implementation of the Social Studies Curriculum in Ghana: A Case Study of the Asante Akim North District
Authors: Eshun Isaac , Bordoh Anthony , Opoku-Afriyie Prince
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Social Studies Curriculum for Senior High Schools in Ghana to determine whether the subject has attained its goal(s). The study took place in the Asante Akim North District. The population for study were all Social Studies teachers and students in the district. The multi-stage sampling technique was adopted for the study and the sample size was 120, made up of 100 students and 20 teachers. The concurrent mixed method approach was adopted. The main instruments used for collecting data were questionnaires, interviews (focus group and semi-structured interview) guide, observation and documentary analysis. Quantitative data were tabulated, organized, analysed and interpreted to draw sound conclusions and generalizations. The data were presented in the form of tables and percentages. Words were used to interpret the tables and percentages for easy understanding. The qualitative data responses were described and explained in the form of themes. Sometimes responses were quoted verbatim to authenticate claims made. The study revealed that most of the teachers who are the curriculum implementers have forgotten the subject's general objectives. Therefore, they teach the subject without any cognizance of the attainment of these objectives. Concerning the findings of the study, it is recommended that the district education directorate should organize periodic workshops, in-service training and seminars for teachers teaching the subject. This will help Social Studies teachers acquire the relevant knowledge and the pre-requisite skills needed to effectively implement the Social Studies curriculum in the Asante Akim North District.”