bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption
Authors: Patzsch Julia , Babu Deepu J , Schneider Jörg J
Published: May 2017

Mesoscopic, nanoporous carbon tubes were synthesized by a combination of the Stoeber process and the use of electrospun macrosized polystyrene fibres as structure directing templates. The obtained carbon tubes have a macroporous nature characterized by a thick wall structure and a high specific surface area of approximately 500 m²/g resulting from their micro- and mesopores. The micropore regime of the carbon tubes is composed of turbostratic graphitic areas observed in the microstructure. The employed templating process was also used for the synthesis of silicon carbide tubes. The characterization of all porous materials was performed by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adsorption of carbon dioxide on the carbon tubes at 25 °C at pressures of up to 30 bar was studied using a volumetric method. At 26 bar, an adsorption capacity of 4.9 mmol/g was observed. This is comparable to the adsorption capacity of molecular sieves and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The high pressure adsorption process of CO2 was found to irreversibly change the microporous structure of the carbon tubes.
CANDELS Sheds Light on the Environmental Quenching of Low-mass Galaxies
Authors: Guo Yicheng , Bell Eric F. , Lu Yu , Koo David C. , Faber S. M. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kurczynski Peter , Lee Seong-Kook , Papovich Casey , Chen Zhu , Dekel Avishai , Ferguson Henry C. , Fontana Adriano , Giavalisco Mauro , Kocevski Dale D. , Nayyeri Hooshang , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pforr Janine , Rodríguez-Puebla Aldo , Santini Paola
Published: May 2017

We investigate the environmental quenching of galaxies, especially those with stellar masses (M
*) < 109.5
M
⊙, beyond the local universe. Essentially all local low-mass quenched galaxies (QGs) are believed to live close to massive central galaxies, which is a demonstration of environmental quenching. We use CANDELS data to test whether or not such a dwarf QG-massive central galaxy connection exists beyond the local universe. For this purpose, we only need a statistically representative, rather than complete, sample of low-mass galaxies, which enables our study to z ≳ 1.5. For each low-mass galaxy, we measure the projected distance (d
proj) to its nearest massive neighbor (M
* > 1010.5
M
⊙) within a redshift range. At a given z and M
*, the environmental quenching effect is considered to be observed if the d
proj distribution of QGs (

) is significantly skewed toward lower values than that of star-forming galaxies (

). For galaxies with 108
M
⊙ < M
* < 1010
M
⊙, such a difference between

and

is detected up to z ∼ 1. Also, about 10% of the quenched galaxies in our sample are located between two and four virial radii (R
Vir) of the massive halos. The median projected distance from low-mass QGs to their massive neighbors,

, decreases with satellite M
* at M
* ≲ 109.5
M
⊙, but increases with satellite M
* at M
* ≳ 109.5
M
⊙. This trend suggests a smooth, if any, transition of the quenching timescale around M
* ∼ 109.5
M
⊙ at 0.5 < z < 1.0.
ALMA Discovery of Solar Umbral Brightness Enhancement at λ = 3 mm
Authors: Iwai Kazumasa , Loukitcheva Maria , Shimojo Masumi , Solanki Sami K. , White Stephen M.
Published: May 2017

We report the discovery of a brightness enhancement in the center of a large sunspot umbra at a wavelength of 3 mm using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA). Sunspots are among the most prominent features on the solar surface, but many of their aspects are surprisingly poorly understood. We analyzed a λ = 3 mm (100 GHz) mosaic image obtained by ALMA that includes a large sunspot within the active region AR12470, on 2015 December 16. The 3 mm map has a 300″ × 300″ field of view and 4.″9 × 2.″2 spatial resolution, which is the highest spatial resolution map of an entire sunspot in this frequency range. We find a gradient of 3 mm brightness from a high value in the outer penumbra to a low value in the inner penumbra/outer umbra. Within the inner umbra, there is a marked increase in 3 mm brightness temperature, which we call an umbral brightness enhancement. This enhanced emission corresponds to a temperature excess of 800 K relative to the surrounding inner penumbral region and coincides with excess brightness in the 1330 and 1400 Å slit-jaw images of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), adjacent to a partial lightbridge. This λ = 3 mm brightness enhancement may be an intrinsic feature of the sunspot umbra at chromospheric heights, such as a manifestation of umbral flashes, or it could be related to a coronal plume, since the brightness enhancement was coincident with the footpoint of a coronal loop observed at 171 Å.
Survival of the Obscuring Torus in the Most Powerful Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Mateos S. , Carrera F. J. , Barcons X. , Alonso-Herrero A. , Hernán-Caballero A. , Page M. , Almeida C. Ramos , Caccianiga A. , Miyaji T. , Blain A.
Published: May 2017

Dedicated searches generally find a decreasing fraction of obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) with increasing AGN luminosity. This has often been interpreted as evidence for a decrease of the covering factor of the AGN torus with increasing luminosity, the so-called receding torus models. Using a complete flux-limited X-ray selected sample of 199 AGN, from the Bright Ultra-hard XMM-Newton Survey, we determine the intrinsic fraction of optical type-2 AGN at

as a function of rest-frame 2–10 keV X-ray luminosity from

to

. We use the distributions of covering factors of AGN tori derived from CLUMPY torus models. Since these distributions combined over the total AGN population need to match the intrinsic type-2 AGN fraction, we reveal a population of X-ray undetected objects with high-covering factor tori, which are increasingly numerous at higher AGN luminosities. When these “missing” objects are included, we find that Compton-thick AGN account at most for

% of the total population. The intrinsic type-2 AGN fraction is 58 ± 4% and has a weak, non-significant (less than 2σ) luminosity dependence. This contradicts the results generally reported by AGN surveys and the expectations from receding torus models. Our findings imply that the majority of luminous rapidly accreting supermassive black holes at

reside in highly obscured nuclear environments, but most of them are so deeply embedded that they have so far escaped detection in X-rays in <10 keV wide area surveys.
De quoi l’État rend-il compte dans ses rapports annuels de performance ?
Authors: Benzerafa-Alilat Manel , Gibert Patrick
Published: May 2017

Résumé Cet article est centré sur l’obligation de rendre compte de la performance instaurée par la LOLF et mise en œuvre depuis 2006 dans les annexes aux projets de lois de finances initiales ainsi qu’aux projets de lois de règlement. Les auteurs proposent une grille permettant de caractériser les types de redditions de performance et d’apporter une appréciation sur les améliorations potentielles et les difficultés prévisibles en matière de passage d’un type de reddition à l’autre. Les auteurs montrent que la performance dont il est rendu-compte est pensée selon une logique organisationnelle et est loin de constituer un premier pas vers l’évaluation des politiques publiques.
Comptabilité publique et reddition des comptes de l’État
Authors: Kott Sébastien
Published: May 2017

Résumé L’article part du postulat selon lequel l’information financière relative à une entité est en permanence adaptée à sa situation. Il présente ensuite les trois comptabilités qui composent l’information financière publique concernant l’État : la comptabilité budgétaire, la comptabilité générale et la comptabilité nationale. Parmi ces trois regards portés sur la situation financière, la comptabilité générale semble constituer l’outil idéal de restitution financière et de lecture de l’action publique : elle est plus précise et plus complète que les autres et permet de rapporter tout type d’activité économique (marchande ou non). Toutefois, sa généralisation et son utilisation rencontrent des limites : d’une part, elle doit tout de même être adaptée aux spécificités de l’État et des autres personnes publiques auxquelles elle s’applique ; d’autre part, c’est un outil très technique qui est peu utilisé par ses destinataires et qui est concurrencé par d’autres systèmes d’information financière.
Hôpital public et redditions de comptes
Authors: Holcman Robert
Published: May 2017

Résumé L’hôpital public relève de plusieurs mandants. Chacun lui fixe des objectifs. Il est à la fois incité à accroître sa productivité et ses recettes, tout en contribuant à l’effort de compression des dépenses de l’assurance-maladie, son financeur, alors même que ses recettes sont les dépenses de cette dernière. Par ailleurs, ses tutelles lui demandent d’améliorer son efficacité et son efficience ; dans le même temps il est placé sous l’œil vigilant du public par le biais des medias. Cet article montre qu’à chaque objectif correspond une relation de redevabilité ad hoc avec le mandant. Mais la multiplicité des relations qui en découlent ne fait que refléter la complexité (et les possibles contradictions) des objectifs.
Aide publique au développement et reddition de comptes : le cas du programme d’aide budgétaire de l’Union européenne au Sénégal (2009 - 2011)
Authors: Caffin Jean-Hugues , Zarlowski Philippe
Published: May 2017

Résumé L’aide budgétaire assortie de tranches décaissables en fonction de la performance constitue un instrument clé de la réforme de l’aide au développement de l’Union européenne ; le but étant de renforcer l’appropriation de l’aide par les gouvernements bénéficiaires. La mise en œuvre de cette aide est déléguée aux dispositifs de gestion nationaux. Elle est flanquée de dispositifs formels de reddition de compte sur des objectifs de performance, dont l’atteinte conditionne le versement des tranches successives. Le cas étudié illustre la complexité de cette nouvelle forme d’aide et de la redevabilité qu’elle implique.
Ancient Chinese Cemeteries of Indonesia as Vanishing Landmarks of the Past (17th-20th c.)
Authors: Salmon Claudine
Published: May 2017

Despite the incessant expenditures over time, both individually and collectively, by the Chinese of Indonesia to conserve and secure their graves, they have never been really protected from destruction. As early as 1668, the community of Batavia lodged a complaint against a group of Ambonese who resided near the cemetery and who had desecrated some four hundred graves. During the following century, another danger came in addition to the risk of looting; by following the development of the towns of the Northern coast, some cemeteries once plotted in the countryside were enveloped by settlements and gradually threatened with demolition. Here we focus on the historical development of certain cemeteries including those of Batavia, Banten, Cirebon, and Semarang which to some extent mirror the evolution of the Chinese communities that founded them. In so doing we also give attention to the tombs which escaped destruction and have become the subject of a genuine worship by the part of the populations, newcomers, local born Chinese and even Indonesians who do not hesitate to spend to maintain the sites. Last but not least we reflect on the way burial grounds were granted in concession by the authorities, and how they were managed.
Rethinking the Neolithic in Island Southeast Asia, with Particular Reference to the Archaeology of Timor‑Leste and Sulawesi
Authors: O’Connor Sue
Published: May 2017

The last decade has seen a major reassessment of the Neolithic in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA), with many authors proposing alternatives to the conventional model of a Neolithic transition driven by the migration of Austronesian speaking farmers out of Taiwan into ISEA. Here I discuss the archaeological evidence from sites in Timor-Leste, Sulawesi and elsewhere in ISEA in the context of the orthodox model and reevaluate recent reviews of the model in the light of this.
Le vivrier et le sacré. Systèmes agricoles, rituels et territoires dans l’Est indonésien et à Timor-Leste
Authors: Guillaud Dominique
Published: May 2017

Dans l’extrémité orientale de l’arc insulindien, les économies domestiques présentent une grande diversité locale, résultant d’expériences et d’apports passés et dont la combinaison détermine des systèmes souples d’adaptation à un milieu parfois difficile. Outre les céréales dites principales comme le riz ou le maïs, les systèmes d’agriculture domestiques s’appuient sur d’autres plantes comme diverses tubercules et haricots, tandis que des variétés plus ou moins spontanées, palmiers essentiellement, fournissent des aliments de soudure réguliers et importants. L’ensemble dessine, à l’échelle de la région, des systèmes complets de culture basés sur une combinaison de plantes, qui répondent à des logiques sociales et économiques différentes et sont évolutifs dans le temps et dans l’espace. Ces systèmes fonctionnent dans un cadre territorial précis, que réactivent périodiquement des rituels spécifiques : fête des prémices, cérémonies pour faire venir la pluie, etc., présents dans toute l’aire géographique. L’article présente quelques-uns de ces systèmes d’exploitation des ressources spécifiques à la région, basés notamment sur l’exploitation des céréales, des tubercules ou celle des palmiers ; il se focalise sur quelques rituels qui les accompagnent à Timor-Leste, en mobilisant la littérature scientifique sur quelques autres exemples régionaux de rituels agraires et sur les interprétations qui leur sont apportées.
MyD88/ERK/NFkB pathways and pro-inflammatory cytokines release in periodontal ligament stem cells stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Diomede Francesca , Zingariello Maria , Cavalcanti Marcos F.X.B. , Merciaro Ilaria , De Isla Natalia , Caputi Sergio , Ballerini Patrizia , Trubiani Oriana
Published: May 2017

The present study was aimed at investigating whether human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (hPDLSCs) were capable of sensing and reacting to lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (LPS-G) which is widely recognized as a major pathogen in the development and progression of periodontitis. At this purpose hPDLCs were stimulated with 5 μg/mL LPS-G various times and the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was evaluated. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in innate immune signaling in response to microbial infections, and in particular TLR4, type-I transmembrane proteins, has been shown recognizing LPS-G. Our results put in evidence, in treated samples, an overexpression of TLR4 indicating that, hPDLSCs express a functional TLR4 receptor. In addition, LPS-G challenge induces a significant cell growth decrease starting from 24 h until 72 h of treatment. LPS-G leads the activation of the TLR4/MyD88 complex, triggering the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines cascade as: IL-1α, IL-8, TNF-α and β and EOTAXIN. Moreover, the upregulation of pERK/ERK signaling pathways and NFkB nuclear translocation was evident. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that hPDLSCs could represent an appropriate stem cells niche modeling leading to understand and evaluate the biological mechanisms of periodontal stem cells in response to LPS-G, mimicking in vitro an inflammatory process occurring in vivo in periodontal disease.
Spatial distribution of crustacean zooplankton in a large river-connected lake related to trophic status and fish
Authors: Wei Wenzhi , Chen Riming , Wang Liufu , Fu Lixia
Published: May 2017

It has been reported that community structure of crustacean zooplankton is related to environment factors and abundance of predacious fishes. Most studies, however were based on observation on independent water bodies, which may complicate the results with uninterested factors. A large river-connected lake has partitioned regions with the characteristics of either a river or a lake albeit allowing exchanging of zooplankton of different regions. Thus, a river-connected lake is an ideal system for studying distribution of crustacean zooplankton and investigating its affecting factors. In this study, 11 stations of a large river-connected lake, Lake Gaoyou, were sampled in all four seasons. Taxonomic diversity and species abundance were recorded and their correlation with environmental factors was investigated. A total of 26 and 22 species of crustacean zooplankton were recorded in the river and lake region, respectively. The abundance of crustacean in the river region was significantly higher than that in the lake region. The relative abundance of calanoids and Bosmina fatalis in the river region was lower than that in the lake region, whereas the abundance of cyclopoids and other cladocera species was lower in the lake region than in the river region. Cluster analysis showed that crustacean assemblages could be divided into two, one cluster grouping all sites from the river region, and the other cluster included all sites in the lake region. According to Pearson correlation and canonical correspondence analysis, the distribution of crustacean was positively correlated with water temperature and chlorophyll a gradient. Chlorophyll a and fish abundance are excellent predictors on spatial distribution of crustacean zooplankton in Lake Gaoyou. Our findings may also help in planning of bighead carp stocking in Lake Gaoyou.
Effect of 3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene impaired cellular homeostasis in extrahepatic organs of Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Kaur Pardeep , Kaur Rajbir , Arora Rohit , Arora Saroj
Published: May 2017

3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (Betulinic acid), a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene has diverse pharmacological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The present study focuses its protective effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (7,12- Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene or DMBA) induced alterations in membrane bound ATPases, detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in stomach and lungs of female Sprague Dawley rats. Healthy female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assorted into six groups and the treatments were given orally for 7 weeks on alternate days. It was observed that betulinic acid facilitated the downregulation of elevated membrane bound ATPases (Na+/K+- ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase) in DMBA administered rats. Likewise, the detoxification enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes were modulated to normalcy in rats. Overall, betulinic acid was seen to be effective modulator of DMBA induced alterations in biochemical parameters.
Insulin Bolus Calculator in a Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Ateya Mohammad , Aiyagari Ranjit , Moran Colleen , Singer Kanakadurga
Published: May 2017

Background: Insulin dosing in hospitalized pediatric patients is challenging and requires dosing to be matched with the specific clinical and nutritional circumstances. We implemented a customized subcutaneous insulin bolus dose calculator tool integrated with the electronic health record to improve patient care. Here we describe this tool, its utilization and safety, and assess user satisfaction and perceptions of the tool.

Methods: Blood glucose results for all patients who received insulin with and without the calculator tool were compared to assess safety. To assess user perceptions and satisfaction, a survey was sent to all identified users who interacted with the tool during the period from May 2015 to the end of November 2015. Survey responses were summarized, mean user satisfaction calculated, and correlation of Likert scale items with overall satisfaction assessed.

Results: Hypoglycemia rates (2.2% and 2.9%, p = 0.17) and severe hypoglycemia rates (0.04% and 0.1%, p = 0.21) were similar for the groups that received insulin with and without the calculator tool. Overall satisfaction for all survey respondents was high (4.05, SD = 0.83). Physicians indicated a slightly higher satisfaction than nurses (4.33 versus 3.94, p = 0.04). User agreement with improvement of quality of care showed the highest correlation with overall satisfaction (r = 0.80, 95% CI 0.7 –0.87).

Conclusion: Implementation of an insulin calculator tool streamlined ordering and administration of insulin in a pediatric academic institution while maintaining patient safety. Users indicated high overall satisfaction with the tool.

Citation: Ateya MB, Aiyagari R, Moran C, Singer K. .:Insulin bolus calculator in a pediatric hospital: Safety and user perceptions. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 529–540 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-11-RA-0187
More Homogeneous Wind Conditions Under Strong Climate Change Decrease the Potential for Inter-State Balancing of Electricity in Europe
Authors: Wohland Jan , Reyers Mark , Weber Juliane , Witthaut Dirk
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Limiting anthropogenic climate change requires the fast decarbonisation of the electricity system. Renewable electricity generation is determined by the weather and is hence subject to climate change. We simulate the operation of a coarse-scale fully-renewable European electricity system based on downscaled high resolution climate data from EURO-CORDEX. Following a high emission pathway (RCP8.5), we find a robust increase of backup needs in Europe until the end of the 21st century. The absolute increase of the backup needs is almost independent of potential grid expansion, leading to the paradoxical effect that relative impacts of climate change increase in a highly interconnected European system. The increase is rooted in more homogeneous wind conditions over Europe resulting in extensive parallel generation shortfalls. Our results are strengthened by comparison with a large CMIP5 ensemble using an approach based on Circulation Weather Types.
The Current Status of Social Work Science and Research: A Review of the Literature and Its Implications for Post-Soviet Countries
Authors: Sadzaglishvili Shorena
Published: May 2017

This paper offers a review of the major literature about the modern status of social work as a science within the American and European contexts and its implications for post-Soviet countries where social work is an emerging profession. It identifies the most appropriate types of social work research (e.g. translational research) that can be used for bridging the science and service communities to directly affect the provision of services across different social work sectors. It also provides historical analysis of the various organizations within European and American social work to show their pivotal role in improving the scope and quality of social work research and consequently, social work as a science. And finally it suggests ways of increasing visibility of social work as science in post-Soviet countries through development of sound social work doctoral programs.
A proposal of privacy preserving reinforcement learning for secure multiparty computation
Authors: Miyajima Hirofumi , Shigei Noritaka , Makino Syunki , Miyajima Hiromi , Miyanishi Yohtaro , Kitagami Shinji , Shiratori Norio
Published: May 2017

Many studies have been done with the security of cloud computing. Though data encryption is a typical approach, high computing complexity for encryption and decryption of data is needed. Therefore, safe system for distributed processing with secure data attracts attention, and a lot of studies have been done. Secure multiparty computation (SMC) is one of these methods. Specifically, two learning methods for machine learning (ML) with SMC are known. One is to divide learning data into several subsets and perform learning. The other is to divide each item of learning data and perform learning. So far, most of works for ML with SMC are ones with supervised and unsupervised learning such as BP and K-means methods. It seems that there does not exist any studies for reinforcement learning (RL) with SMC. This paper proposes learning methods with SMC for Q-learning which is one of typical methods for RL. The effectiveness of proposed methods is shown by numerical simulation for the maze problem.
Reappraising Learning Technologies from the Viewpoint of the Learning of Mathematics
Authors: Haapasalo Lenni , Samuels Peter
Published: May 2017

Within the context of secondary and tertiary mathematics education, most so-called learning technologies, such as virtual learning environments, bear little relation to the kinds of technologies contemporary learners use in their free time. Thus they appear alien to them and unlikely to stimulate them toward informal learning. By considering learning technologies from the perspective of the learner, through the analysis of case studies and a literature review, this article asserts that the expectation of these media might have been over-romanticised. This leads to the recommendation of five attributes for mathematical learning technologies to be more relevant to contemporary learners' needs: promoting heuristic activities derived from human history; facilitating the shift from instrumentation to instrumentalisation; facilitating learners' construction of conceptual knowledge that promotes procedural knowledge; providing appropriate scaffolding and assessment; and reappraising the curriculum.
On the Existence of Poncelet-Morley Points in Euclidean Geometry
Authors: Dongho Joseph , L. Nguimbous F. , R. Teyou M.
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we prove the existence of the Poncelet-Morley point for a given elliptic configuration. The paper ends  with an application of such a point in angle trisection problem.
Desarrollo de las TIC en el turismo de nieve: Análisis de la presencia en línea de las estaciones de esquí de España y Andorra
Authors: Daries Ramon Natalia , Cristóbal Fransi Eduard , Martin Fuentes Eva , Marine-Roig Estela
Published: May 2017

La presente investigación busca conocer si los sitios web de las estaciones de esquí de España y Andorra facilitan una comunicación eficaz con sus públicos objetivo. Para ello, se propone y se aplica un modelo para el análisis de las páginas web de las estaciones de esquí, basado en la técnica de análisis de contenido, considerando las dimensiones de información, comunicación, comercio electrónico y funciones adicionales. Este modelo se aplicó a la totalidad de las estaciones de esquí y montaña de España y Andorra: 31 alpinas, 21 nórdicas y 1 cubierta. Los resultados indican que las estaciones de esquí alpino están mejor preparadas que las de esquí nórdico, a pesar de que todavía tienen mucho recorrido por hacer a la hora de facilitar una comunicación y una interacción efectivas con su público objetivo.
La imagen de China y la geografía urbana china en Occidente: Reflexiones desde la península Ibérica
Authors: Lois González Rubén Camilo , Piñeira Mantiñán María José
Published: May 2017

A partir de la Edad Media, la civilización china ha aparecido a los ojos de los europeos como ejemplo acabado de lo oriental, siguiendo a E. Said. Esto implicó una imagen de lejanía, cierto exotismo y un enorme desconocimiento de las claves internas de este extenso territorio, salvo en contadas excepciones donde lo chino implicaba novedad (la pólvora, el vestido, la pasta, etc.). Esta imagen muy arraigada en Occidente ha sido transferida a la ciencia europea y norteamericana desde el siglo XIX. De hecho, en el presente artículo se constata el enorme desconocimiento que expresan libros muy prestigiosos de historia y teoría geográficas escritos en español, francés o inglés sobre lo realizado en esta nación. No obstante, el enorme potencial exhibido por China durante los últimos decenios ha despertado un gran interés en nuestro mundo. Por eso, se evocan dos grandes obras interpretativas de la lógica económica, la cultura y el comportamiento científico chinos publicados recientemente, los de G. Davies y G. Arrighi. Una atención que finalmente ha pasado al mundo de los estudios geográficos y urbanos, como se demuestra en el recuento efectuado sobre la creciente presencia de trabajos referidos a las ciudades y el proceso de urbanización china en las más prestigiosas revistas globales de la materia.
Cerarols Ramírez, Rosa (2015). Geografías de lo exótico: El imaginario de Marruecos en la literatura de viajes (1859-1936)
Authors: Mendizàbal Riera Enric
Published: May 2017

Cerarols Ramírez, Rosa (2015)Geografías de lo exótico: El imaginario de Marruecos en la literatura de viajes (1859-1936)Barcelona: Ediciones Bellaterra, 272 p.ISBN 978-84-7290-729-4
Outcomes of integrated chronic care interventions including workforce changes
Authors: Busetto Loraine , Luijkx Katrin Ger , Calciolari Stefano , Gonzalezx Ortiz Laura Guadaalupe , Vrijhoef Hubertus Johannes Maria
Published: May 2017

Background: Integrated care is seen as a promising approach to deal with the current mismatch between people’s increasing demand for complex, long-term and person-centred care and a traditional supply of acute, episodic and single-disease-focused care. Given the involvement of health professionals in all aspects of integrated care delivery, changes to the health workforce are seen as a key enabler of integrated health services delivery.Objectives: The first aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of integrated care interventions for people with chronic conditions that included workforce changes. The second aim was to develop preliminary insights into the relative benefits of measuring the outcomes of workforce changes that are part of integrated care interventions as opposed to measuring integrated care interventions that included workforce changes.Method: Data were collected by means of an expert questionnaire and a literature review. While the expert questionnaire investigated the outcomes of the workforce changes that were part of an integrated care intervention, the literature review investigated the outcomes of integrated care interventions that included workforce changes. Results: Overall, both approaches found positive outcomes, in particular for quality of care (including clinical patient outcomes and process measures), patient satisfaction and staff satisfaction. Outcomes were reported for the same categories in the studies as in the questionnaires.  Conclusion: We recommend that health managers and policy makers invest in workforce changes and to (re-)consider strategies that may be detrimental to the health workforce and which could thereby adversely affect patient health and patient experiences of care.
Self-Management of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in the long-term after therapy - a focus group interview
Authors: Walseth Liv Tveit , Tveit Walseth Åshild Marie , Launes Gunvor , Himle Joseph , Håland Vegard Øksendal , Haaland Åshild Tellefsen
Published: May 2017

Background, aims and objectives: When research investigates how patients obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are doing after therapy they usually report a symptom level at single points in time. The goal of the present study was to reveal a more multidimensional description of what OCD patients who have received treatment might find valuable when dealing with OCD symptoms in the long term. Methods: Fifteen patients with OCD who had received group exposure and prevention response therapy (ERP) between 6 and 11 years ago were recruited to attend focus groups. Eleven of the patients had received various other treatments in addition. The present symptom-level varied from none to severe OCD symptoms. The patients were asked open-ended questions concerning what they had learned from the group ERP, which they all had as denominator and how they dealt with the OCD symptom variations over time. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed phenomenologically.Results: The overall finding was that the patients had achieved a foundation for a relaxed solution-oriented attitude regarding their OCD, regardless of their Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) level.  The foundation for the attitude consisted of a new self-understanding, a higher evaluation of themselves, externalization and devaluation of OCD, where the OCD was seen in terms of symptoms and not as behaviour crucial to their identity, seeing OCD as possible to influence and maintaining several self-management strategies. Concretely, patients used parts of ERP such as: reminding themselves that bad emotions will eventually subside, comparing their behaviour to normal standards, recalling specific exposure exercises they undertook in therapy and using less formal exposures than in therapy. Furthermore, the patients made efforts to reduce their general stress level and took breaks from routines. One patient even avoided everyday habits to prevent the occurrence of new rituals. Surprisingly, none of the participants used formal ERP as they were taught.Conclusion: The present study provides valuable experience-based knowledge which might serve as input to future the development of a multidimensional assessment tool which can evaluate whether OCD patients have attitudes and strategies that make them able to cope with symptom variations. The results also indicate ways in which future improvements in OCD treatment can be achieved. Finally, the study points to the need to develop strategies to increase engagement in formal ERP after therapy. We advance our study as an important contribution to the literature on person-centered OCD management.
Theory of planned behaviour: general practitioners’ prescribing and referral behaviour
Authors: Webb Katie L
Published: May 2017

Rationale and aims: The vast majority of patients seen in general practice present with a mental health component to their illness. Despite current clinical guidelines, suggesting referral to psychological-based treatments being a more appropriate course of action, anti-depressant prescription remains high for those suffering common mental health problems (CMHPs). This study aimed to investigate General Practitioners’ (GPs) behaviour regarding the prescription of antidepressants and referral to psychological-based treatment for individuals with CMHPs, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB).  Method: Online and postal questionnaires were developed in line with the TPB model following consultation, pilot study and cognitive debriefing. Questionnaires were distributed to all working GPs in Wales, UK. Data underwent statistical analysis.Results: Analysis of responses (n=127) showed a GP’s decision to prescribe antidepressants to patients with CMHPs is significantly influenced by both ‘attitude’ and ‘subjective norm’, while perceived behavioural control was non-significant. Over half of the study GPs did not feel in control of prescribing antidepressants to those with CMHPs. GPs’ intention to refer for psychological-based treatment was significantly influenced by attitude, while further analysis showed GPs did not feel in control of referring for psychological-based treatment.Conclusion: Using TPB helped to explain GPs’ antidepressant prescribing and referral to psychological-based treatment behaviours. GPs’ intention to prescribe and refer were shown to be moderated by behavioural and normative beliefs, while control beliefs were non-significant. The presence of personal experience as a predictable feature to prescribing and referral behaviour is something that could figure more prominently within early phases of medical training.
Model-based validation of the Slovenian 20-item version of the Measure of Processes of Care
Authors: Sočan Gregor , Sršen Katja Groleger , Vidmar Gaj , Zupan Anton
Published: May 2017

Rationale and aims: The Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC-20) is a self-administered questionnaire for parents of chronically ill or disabled children to report on their experiences of the care process. The aim of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the Slovenian adaptation of MPOC-20. Method: One hundred and seventy-four parents of children with a chronic illness/disability, treated at 7 public healthcare institutions in Slovenia, completed MPOC-20 and a questionnaire about their child, themselves and their family. Results: The slightly modified measurement model fitted well to the data. The model was then extended into a structural regression model, which included several predictors of MPOC-20 latent factors. The child’s gender and the presence of a key worker emerged as the most relevant predictors. Conclusions: We propose a small change in the scoring of MPOC-20. The presence of a key worker improves the parents’ evaluation of the processes of care for their child.
Support systems for mixed-site recovering cancer patients to sustain physical activity: a qualitative study
Authors: Queen Martyn , Bloxham Saul , Brown Phil
Published: May 2017

Rationale, aims and objectives: Uptake and adherence to physical activity (PA) programmes for recovering cancer patients remain low with only 20% of patients meeting the UK guidelines of 150 minutes a week. The aim of our study was to examine the support systems that enabled a group of cancer patients to sustain PA for 6 months.Method: Fourteen mixed site cancer patients aged 43-70 (11 women, 3 men) participated in a 2-phase PA intervention that took place at a University in the South West of England, UK. The intervention consisted of an 8-week structured exercise programme and a 4-month period of independent PA. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect the data and a grounded theory approach was used for the analysis.Results: We found that different types of support were required for each stage of the intervention. Internal support was necessary while undertaking a structured PA programme. External support was necessary to sustain PA to 4-month follow-up. The two aspects of internal support were identified that enabled the patients to adhere to the programme; support from exercise professionals and peer support from patients on the programme. External support that enabled the patients to sustain independent PA to 4-month follow-up was support from close partners or from a spouse.Conclusions: Our study has provided valuable insight into internal support systems that enable recovering mixed-site cancer patients to adhere to a structured PA programme and external support from close relationships to sustain independent PA for an additional 4 months.
Bridging the second gap in translation: a case study of barriers and facilitators to implementing Patient-initiated Clinics into secondary care
Authors: Goodwin Victoria , Day Jo , Byng Richard , McArdle Paul , Kieft Eline
Published: May 2017

Rationale: Patient-initiated Clinics (PIC) have been found to be safe and have patient and service benefits in terms of satisfaction and cost. This paper reports our experiences of implementing PIC and the practical challenges of translating research into practice.Methods: The Knowledge to Action framework was used to inform the design of implementation plans in three different departments in one secondary healthcare organisation. A focused ethnographic approach was utilised to collect data on barriers and facilitators to implementation which were analysed using iterative qualitative analytic techniques. The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework was used to develop the analysis and data presentation. Results: The success of implementation was mixed across the three departments. Despite evidence of effectiveness, contextual issues at a department level, such as empowered leadership and team members, trust in colleagues and patients and capacity to make changes, impacted on the progress of implementation. Discussion: Patient-initiated Clinics can offer a useful and feasible alternative for follow-up care of some groups of patients with long-term conditions in secondary care and can be implemented through strong leadership and teamwork and a positive attitude to change. Although Implementation Science as an emerging field offers useful tools and theoretical support, its complexity may create additional challenges to implementation of specific interventions and so further contribute to the second gap in translation.
Clinical care in the home and population health management: improving the care of patients with long-term health conditions
Authors: Asbridge Jonathan , Davies Mark
Published: May 2017

Clinical care in the home, utilized, administered and evaluated in terms of its clinical and economic outcomes within a population health management system, can help patients with long term conditions (LTCs) live healthier lives while reducing the costs of care across the system. This model, through the avoidance of emergency hospital admissions, reducing the need for hospitalisation to treat progressive illnesses and activating and empowering patients, supporting good primary care, ensuring continuity of care and providing on-going emotional, psychological and practical support, can greatly increase the overall significance and efficiency of clinical care in the home, delivered as part of a population health management delivery system. This article argues strongly for the innate superiority of home-based care approaches within the modern era, actively recommending such approaches for the good of individual patients and an integrity of the general clinical system. We present hard evidence for the durability of our approach in both clinical and economic terms and advance to the reader the merits thereof.
Evaluation of Testing of Acute Leukemia Samples: Survey Result From the College of American Pathologists
Authors: George Tracy I. , Tworek Joseph A. , Thomas Nicole E. , Fatheree Lisa A. , Souers Rhona J. , Nakhleh Raouf E. , Arber Daniel A.
Published: May 2017

Context.—

The classification and prognosis determination in acute leukemia (AL) are complex and it is unclear what testing is being performed in practice.

Objective.—

To survey physicians describing their current practice of test ordering in the diagnosis of AL.

Design.—

In anticipation of a guideline by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the American Society for Hematology on laboratory testing needed for the initial workup of AL, a baseline survey was designed by an expert panel from CAP. Members of professional societies were asked to describe their current practice of test ordering.

Results.—

Two hundred ninety-four responses were received with 258 respondents analyzed after the first qualifying survey question regarding initial diagnosis of AL. One hundred seventy-six of 249 respondents (70.7%) were board-certified hematopathologists. Flow cytometry and karyotype analysis were routinely performed for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (99.1% [232 of 234] and 96.2% [225 of 234], respectively) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (98.3% [229 of 233] and 96.6% [225 of 233], respectively). In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization studies were routinely performed by 81.2% (190 of 234) of respondents for AML and 85.0% (198 of 233) of respondents for ALL; other molecular studies were performed by 78.2% (183) for AML and 54.9% (128) for ALL; immunohistochemistry by 44.9% (105) for AML and 47.6% (111) for ALL; and cytochemistry by 24.8% (58) for AML and 14.2% (33) for ALL.

Conclusions.—

While flow cytometry and karyotyping are routinely reported as being performed for the diagnosis of AL, there is marked variation in the reporting of testing patterns for other genetic studies, immunohistochemistry, and cytochemistry.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS PAIS DE CRIANÇAS COM IMPLANTE COCLEAR USUÁRIAS DA LÍNGUA BRASILEIRA DE SINAIS
Authors: Dionisio Lauriene Franchi , Lima Maria Cecilia Marconi Pinheiro
Published: May 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer a percepção dos pais em relação ao implante coclear utilizado por seus filhos e o processo de aquisição da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS). Os participantes foram familiares de crianças usuárias de implante coclear atendidas em Instituição pública do Estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa do tipo transversal, análise qualitativa. Aplicou-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, sendo as entrevistas gravadas e transcritas para categorização e análise dos dados, por meio da análise conteúdo. Os familiares relataram que estão satisfeitos com a escolha pelo implante coclear; o processo de aprendizagem da LIBRAS foi natural e benéfico e relataram expectativas positivas sobre o futuro das crianças. Concluiu-se que os pais veem a escolha pelo implante coclear como algo positivo, devido ao desenvolvimento da comunicação das crianças e que a LIBRAS contribuiu para o processo de desenvolvimento de linguagem das crianças.Descritores: Implante Coclear; Linguagem de Sinais; Criança; Surdez; Perda Auditiva.
A PERCEPÇÃO DOS TRABALHADORES RURAIS SOBRE A AUTOEXPOSIÇÃO AOS AGROTÓXICOS
Authors: Silva Jéssica Vilela , Vilela Loraine Pires , Moraes Maiara Silva , Silveira Cristiane Aparecida
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores rurais sobre os sinais e sintomas que podem estar relacionados as intoxicações, conhecimento e uso dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI) e dos riscos dos agrotóxicos. Metodologia: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, epidemiológica, desenvolvida em uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais com 72 trabalhadores rurais utilizando um instrumento semiestruturado. A análise dos dados foi através de estatística descritiva. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes foi composta por homens, 66 (91,67%) dos trabalhadores relatam conhecer os EPIs, porém 44 (61,11%) relatam não usar sequer um tipo dos equipamentos necessários, sete (9,72%) não conheciam nenhum tipo de dano a saúde, 65 (90,28%) dos entrevistados nunca se intoxicaram, enquanto sete (9,72%) já se intoxicaram pelo menos uma vez. Conclusão: são necessárias intervenções visando a redução das intoxicações e a conscientização sobre a utilização dos EPIs assim como dos agravos e danos que o uso de agrotóxicos pode trazer a saúde.Descritores: Saúde do Trabalhador; Agrotóxicos; Equipamento de Proteção Individual.
Water and Wastewater Equipment Sales: Do You Dance?
Authors: Kerr Donald F.
Published: May 2017

Water and wastewater equipment sales executives must possess a specific skill set and industry knowledge to successfully navigate and win the sale.
Procedure for Hydraulic Model Calibration
Authors: Walski Thomas
Published: May 2017

Calibrating a model can appear to be a daunting task, but by using an organized approach, the modeler can make the right adjustments and understand why.
Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Patterns of Complementary Feeding Practices in Mecca City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: S. Azzeh Firas
Published: May 2017

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends optimal feeding practices during infancy and early childhood for better health and growth of children.
Objective: To determine the factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) duration and the time of introducing complementary feeding (CF) in Mecca City, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 814 Saudi mothers. All mothers filled out a closed questionnaire on family sociodemographics, health status of mothers and infants, and postpartum breastfeeding habits and patterns. The patterns of CF and bottle-feeding were examined, and binary logistic regression was performed.
Results: The mean ± standard deviation EBF duration was 4.6 ± 2.5 months. The EBF rate showed a sharp decrease from 50.6% at birth to 14.4% at 6 months among children. Employment of mothers, weight at childbirth <2.5 kg, weight of 2.6–3 kg at child birth, postnatal disease in infants, and pacifier use for infants were associated with a low EBF rate. Intermediate education of the mother was found to increase EBF duration as compared to mothers with higher levels of education. Most mothers introduced plant-based CFs to infants at 4 months of age (median), but animal-based CFs were introduced only after 8 months (median). The median age of starting milk formula was 3 months.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The reported rate of EBF is far below the current international recommendations. The patterns of CF practices and bottle-feeding differ widely from the WHO recommendations in Mecca City. National campaigns should be implemented to promote EBF in Saudi Arabia.