bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination of Methotrexate and Leflunomide Is Efficient and Safe for 60 Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Chen Fang , Wang Yingfang , Wang Liuqing , Du Hongwei , He Shan
Published: October 2022

The present work is aimed at exploring the clinical efficacy and safety of methotrexate (MTX) and leflunomide (LEF) combination therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. From June 2019 to June 2021, a total of 120 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis received a diagnosis. Sixty patients each were randomly assigned to the control and observation groups. The observation group received MTX and LEF combo medication while the control group only received MTX treatment. Clinical efficacy, complication incidence, and the alleviation of inflammatory markers, joint pain, and clinical symptoms were compared between the 2 groups. Posttreatment, the observation group had overall response rate of 96.66%, while the control group had 86.67%, with significant differences. Compared with pretreatment, both control and observation group patients showed decreasing trends of IL-1 levels and increasing trends of IL-10 levels posttreatment, with significant differences (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with the control group, patients in the observation group had lower IL-1 and TNF-α levels with significant differences (

P
<
0.05

) and higher levels of IL-10 with significant difference (

P
<
0.05

). In both groups, the pain score and the number of painful joints were much lower than they were prior to treatment. Following treatment, the observation group displayed significantly lower levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor, and C-reactive protein than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Clinical measures in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group with statistically significant differences (

P
<
0.05

). Moreover, the incidence rate of adverse reactions showed no significant difference between these 2 groups (

P
>
0.05

). In conclusion, the combination therapy of MTX and LEF is efficacious for rheumatic arthritis.
Reliability Analysis Method of Rotating Machinery Based on Conditional Random Field
Authors: Zheng Hongmei , Qiao Xiaoli
Published: October 2022

Rotating machinery is indispensable mechanical equipment in modern industrial production. However, rotating machinery is usually under heavy load. Due to the complexity of its structure and the severity of its working conditions, it is urgent to find effective condition monitoring methods and fault maintenance strategies for its safe and reliable operation. The conditional random field is derived from the maximum entropy model, which solves the problem of label bias and improves the convergence speed of model training. Combining Kriging theory and random field theory, this study proposes a three-dimensional conditional random field generation method based on failure time, applies this method to the comparison of measured data and other nonconditional random fields, and then analyzes the failure probability of rotating machinery in the failure process by combining the numerical calculation results and reliability theory. It is found that the conditional random field generation method can effectively describe the spatial variability of rotating machinery parameters. Compared with the nonconditional random field, the reliability index of rotating machinery failure time is improved by 0.8823, so the conditional random field can better describe the reliability of rotating machinery.
Public Health Practitioners’ Knowledge towards Nicotine and Other Cigarette Components on Various Human Diseases in Pakistan: A Contribution to Smoking Cessation Policies
Authors: Hameed Abdul , Malik Daud
Published: October 2022

Smoking cessation seems to be a weak link in the struggle against tobacco epidemic in Pakistan. Awareness regarding nicotine is lacking not only in the general population but also among public health practitioners. This lack of knowledge is one of the key barriers to bringing down the prevalence of smoking. Using primary survey data and nonparametric econometric techniques, this study assesses the knowledge of nicotine and harm reduction among public health practitioners in Pakistan. Results indicate physicians have misconceptions about nicotine. The majority of the medical professionals associate nicotine use with birth defects, cancer, cardiovascular illness, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). More than two‐thirds of doctors (70%) strongly agreed and 17.9% somewhat agreed with the statement that nicotine causes cancer. This study suggests physicians need to be better informed about the fact that nicotine in tobacco products is addictive while chemicals, particularly those causing combustion, are the primary risk sources for tobacco‐related illnesses. Misconceptions regarding nicotine can be quickly remedied with communication interventions. This study also suggests that alternative nicotine delivery systems can help smoking cessation and reduce the consumption of combustible tobacco in Pakistan.
Unsteady MHD Williamson Fluid Flow with the Effect of Bioconvection over Permeable Stretching Sheet
Authors: Asjad Muhammad Imran , Zahid Muhammad , Ali Bagh , Jarad Fahd
Published: October 2022

The unsteady flow of Williamson fluid with the effect of bioconvection in the heat and mass transfer occurring over a stretching sheet is investigated. A uniform magnetic field, thermal radiation, thermal dissipation, and chemical reactions are taken into account as additional effects. The physical problem is formulated in the form of a system of partial differential equations and solved numerically. For this purpose, similarity functions are involved to transmute these equations into corresponding ordinary differential equations. After that, the Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique is employed to evaluate the desired findings with the utilization of a MATLAB script. As a result, the effects of various physical parameters on the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration profiles as well as on the skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer are discussed with the aid of graphs and tables. The parameters of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are responsible for the rise in temperature and bioconvection Rayleigh number diminishes the velocity field. This study on nanofluid bioconvection has been directly applied in the pharmaceutical industry, microfluidic technology, microbial improved oil recovery, modelling oil and gas-bearing sedimentary basins, and many other fields. Further, to check the accuracy and validation of the present results, satisfactory concurrence is observed with the existing literature.
On-Line Temperature Monitoring System of Electrical Equipment Based on Passive Wireless Sensor
Authors: Zhu Jin , Yang Yang , Du Fei , Wen Zhiyi , Xiao Yongqing
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the temperature measurement problem of fully enclosed equipment for power equipment operation inspection, the authors propose an online temperature monitoring system for electrical equipment based on passive wireless sensors. Aiming at the disadvantages of traditional temperature monitoring methods, the system adopts radio frequency technology. The scheme mainly expounds the key technologies and switchgear implementation in the monitoring system research and discusses the feasibility of the system scheme through experiments. Monitor all important components at different times, and establish a temperature monitoring network to complete monitoring and management. According to the test results, in the case of overheating, the temperature can rise to more than 75°C, and the temperature difference measured wirelessly is 0.5°C, which is sufficient to indicate the health of the change. Electrical equipment, the accuracy, and real-time performance of temperature monitoring are guaranteed.
Breast Cancer Identification Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jia Xiao , Sun Xiaolin , Zhang Xingang
Published: October 2022

Breast cancer is a cancer disease that seriously threatens women’s health and occupies the first place in female cancer mortality. At present, the incidence rate of breast cancer in China is the first in the world and is on the rise. In view of the serious harm of breast cancer to life and health, researchers and institutions are making unremitting efforts to find a perfect diagnosis and treatment plan. With the improvement of computer performance and machine learning levels, intelligent algorithms have been able to replace human behavior and judgment in some fields. The traditional breast cancer diagnosis process requires medical experts to observe patient data repeatedly. In this case, the algorithm technology is used to quickly feedback a high probability reference result to doctors, which is particularly important to increase the diagnosis efficiency and reduce the burden of doctors. In order to improve the accuracy of existing breast cancer recognition methods, this paper proposes and implements a scheme based on a whale optimization algorithm to iteratively adjust the key parameters of the support vector machine to improve the accuracy of breast cancer recognition. In order to verify the performance of the WOA-SVM algorithm, this paper uses the Wisconsin breast cancer data in the UCI database for performance verification experiments. Experiments show that the WOA-SVM model has higher recognition accuracy than the traditional breast cancer recognition model.
[Retracted] Effective Strategies to Promote the Cultivation of Public Legal Consciousness from the Perspective of Social Psychology
Authors: Yi Liang , Li Tianxia
Published: October 2022

In order to build a harmonious economic society, show the legal function in the society, enable people to live and work in a better environment, and increase people’s practicality in the legal society, it needs to be analyzed from the perspective of social psychology. This paper comprehensively analyzes the current public legal knowledge, uses a deep neural network model, and implements the cultivation of public legal awareness. On this basis, it integrates the data and information before and after 2020, uses the method of book case distribution training, constructs a legal framework, relies on the data distribution technology, constructs a web legal awareness training system, and increases the conditions for promoting the cultivation of public legal awareness based on the background operation of the integrated website. It can be seen that in the perspective of social psychology, the importance of the cultivation of public legal awareness can be achieved through new algorithms, so that people can pay attention to the cultivation of legal awareness, which can provide corresponding protection for the operation and maintenance of the legal system.
Combination of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Fresh-Keeping with Postharvest Heat Treatment
Authors: Zhao Yunfeng , Zheng Ruisheng
Published: October 2022

Hot water treatment can effectively improve the storage quality and shelf life of harvested vegetables. The essence of this method is the heat transfer process in which heat is transferred from the high-temperature treatment medium to the low-temperature fruit and vegetable tissues. However, most of the current research projects only focus on the effect of heat treatment on the biological aspects of fruits and vegetables. From the perspective of fruit and vegetable storage and preservation, there are few internal mechanisms that heat treatment affects biological preservation, and most of the research projects only focus on continuous heat treatment. This article aims to study the combination of storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables with postharvest processing technology. To this end, this article proposes the combined use of heat treatment technology through the analysis and improvement of data acquisition problems in the heat treatment process to make the data obtained more reliable and, at the same time, design experiments to explore the improved heat treatment technology. The experimental results in this paper show that the improved storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables combined with postharvest heat treatment technology improves the preservation of fruits and vegetables by 37%. In addition, the overall taste of fruits and vegetables during the preservation process has not been greatly lost, only reduced by 7%, which can be well applied to actual fruit and vegetable processing.
The Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer Based on Medical Imaging Technology and Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Xiu Jingying , Ma Lie , Ding Yanping , Li Yang , Kan Lili , Feng Shi , Wu Fei , Xu Shanshan , Lu Xinan , He Ting , Han Zhihai
Published: October 2022

The key to reducing the mortality of gastric cancer is early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment of gastric cancer. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer is the key to early detection and diagnosis of gastric cancer. Early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer is of great significance for improving the curative effect and reducing mortality of gastric cancer. The purpose of this paper is to study the diagnosis of early gastric cancer based on medical imaging techniques and mathematical modeling. The effect of W-DeepLab network-assisted diagnosis of images under white light was analyzed, and the value of Narrow Band Imaging and Blue Laser Imaging in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer was compared. Because Blue Laser Imaging endoscopy can clearly observe the demarcation line and microvascular morphology; but when using Narrow Band Imaging observation, part of the demarcation line and microvascular morphology is not observed. The results show that Blue Laser Imaging is brighter than Narrow Band Imaging’s endoscopic images, and it is easier to observe the microstructure of lesions under endoscopy, so as to accurately determine the nature of lesions.
Process Optimization and Die Design of Hydromechanical Calendering Based on Wireless Network Communication and IoT
Authors: Shen Zhongliang , Zheng Zijun , Zhu Lijun , Yang Shaozeng , Cai Yonggen , Wu Mingge
Published: October 2022

Aiming at the problem of the study, of high error probability in the practical application of traditional hydromechanical calendering process, the hydromechanical calendering process is optimized based on wireless network communication. GPRS or LORaipot-IOT wireless communication mode is adopted to calculate the impact kinetic energy of hydromechanical calendering, and the simulation model of hydromechanical calendering is built based on AMESim. The characteristics of hydromechanical calendering are analyzed. The oil pressure is controlled by setting the pressure adjusting valve and adjusting the spring pressure to realize the optimization of the hydromechanical calendering process. On this basis, the grinding tool is designed, and the clearance between punch and die is reserved to prevent the blank from cracking. The experimental results show that the error probability of hydromechanical calendering with the optimized design process is significantly lower than that of the control group, which can solve the problem of high error probability of traditional hydromechanical calendering process in practical application and meet the application requirements. Conclusions. Hydraulic mechanical calendering may be used to calendar different plastic materials, with a blank thickness of 0.5-3 mm, according to the technology’s operating principle, test production, and foreign data. Thicker sheets may be calendered with adequate hydraulic pressure. For the form of parts, the optimum effect is that the projectile, cone, etc. section vary from small too big. For the section does not change or smaller parts also have an impact? Some pieces with an interior concave shape and bottom and side stiffeners are difficult to the calendar. Hydromechanical calendering technologies make it easier to create these pieces.
Mechanism of Emodin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Cheng Lianying , Chen Jie , Rong Xiaofeng
Published: October 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, and autoimmune disease, and its main pathological changes are inflammatory cell infiltration accompanied by the secretion and accumulation of a variety of related cytokines, which induce the destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. Therefore, the modulation of inflammatory cells and cytokines is a key therapeutic target for controlling inflammation in RA. This review details the effects of emodin on the differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and regulatory T cells. In addition, the systematic introduction of emodin directly or indirectly affects proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-19, and M-CSF) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (the secretion of IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β) through the coregulation of a variety of inflammatory cytokines to inhibit inflammation in RA and promote recovery. Understanding the potential mechanism of emodin in the treatment of RA in detail provides a systematic theoretical basis for the clinical application of emodin in the future.
Outcome of Nursing Based on Health Belief United with Knowledge, Belief, and Practice Mode on Gastroscopy of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Junna , Yang Jing , Guo Dongmei , Zhao Qingchao , Chen Yang
Published: October 2022

Aim. If gastric cancer can be detected through early screening, and scientific and reasonable intervention methods can be selected in time, the condition can be effectively controlled. Routine nursing has been unable to obtain satisfactory results, and the effect on improving the compliance of the examiner is not outstanding. The research aims to estimate the outcome of nursing based on health belief combined with knowledge, belief, and practice on gastroscopy in patients with gastric cancer. Methods. 126 patients with clinically diagnosed gastric cancer in the Number Two Hospital of Baoding from May 2020 to May 2022 were randomly divided into belief guidance group and mode group, with 63 instances each. The mode group was intervened via the mode of knowledge, belief, and practice, and the belief guidance group was intervened via the nursing based on health belief on the basis of the mode group. Before and after the nursing, the health belief, examination compliance, inappropriateness, and negative emotion in different time periods were contrasted between the two groups. Results. After the nursing, the scores of health belief scale in the belief guidance group were enhanced than those in the mode group; the compliance rate of the belief guidance group was markedly enhanced than that of the mode group, and the inappropriateness during the insertion and examination was lower than that of the mode group; the scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) in the two groups preinsertion and postnursing were markedly lower than those in the mode group. Conclusion. Nursing based on health belief guidance united with knowledge, belief, and practice mode nursing can advance the health belief and compliance of gastroscopy in patients with gastric cancer, reduce discomfort, and effectively advance the negative emotions of patients. It is worthy of clinical application.
Main Circuit Topology and Electromagnetic Interference of Electric Vehicle Bidirectional Charger
Authors: Sun Shaojie , Zhu Bubo
Published: October 2022

In order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility performance of electric vehicle bidirectional chargers, the authors propose a main circuit topology and electromagnetic interference of the electric vehicle bidirectional charger. The design adopts the parallel connection of silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and completes the bidirectional charging system based on the cascade connection of dual active bridge (DAB) and three-phase four-wire inverter. This paper mainly analyzes the influence of parasitic inductance on the drive and power loop of the T0-247 packaged switch in actual use, and according to the operating characteristics of the system, different gate resistors are used to reduce switching losses and improve system efficiency. And, we explore on how to reduce the overshoot voltage through the RC absorption circuit, thereby reducing the conducted interference. The result shows the following: the primary side absorption circuit resistance is 470 Ω and the capacitor is 47 nf, the secondary side absorption circuit resistance is 40 Ω and the capacitance is 4.7 nf, and the circuit power is 5000 W. Under the same conditions, without adding the RC absorption circuit, the conducted interference on the AC side does not meet the standard, and the amount of disturbance is large. After adding a suitable RC absorption circuit, the conducted interference on the AC side reaches the required value. Conclusion. This research provides a systematic design scheme and optimization method for designing power electronic devices using SiC.
Clinicopathological and Sero-Molecular Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae in Goats in Southern Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Faiz Ur , Khan Farhan Anwar , Saeed Muhammad , Ali Mehboob , Khan Hayatullah , Ahmad Faisal , Ullah Qudrat
Published: October 2022

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly fatal infectious disease of goats, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp). This disease is causing huge economic losses to the goat industry in Pakistan. However, little is known about the epidemiology of CCPP, especially in the hard areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, despite having a huge population of goats. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate sero-molecular epidemiology and pathology associated with Mccp infection in goats in southern areas of KP including Dera Ismail Khan (DI Khan), Bannu, Karak, and Kohat. A total of 200 (50 from each area) serum samples were collected from clinically infected goats, whereas 600 various samples (nasal swab n = 50, pleural fluid n = 50, lungs n = 50 at each selected area of study) were collected from live goats showing respiratory clinical signs and dead/slaughter goats having lesions in the lungs/pleura. A commercial competitive ELISA kit confirmed anti-Mccp antibodies in altogether 17% of serum samples, while area-wise seroprevalence was recorded as follows: Kohat, 28%, Bannu, 18%, DI Khan, 14%, and Karak, 8%. Moreover, a total of 5.5% of samples collected from clinically positive live and dead goats for Mccp were found by species-specific PCR, whereas area-wise molecular prevalence of Mccp was found in 3% samples from Kohat, 7.33%, Bannu, 6%, Khan, 5.33%, and Karak, 3.33%. Of 400 clinically examined goats, 242 (60%) had nasal discharge, 207 (51%) had pyrexia, 50.75% (203) had coughing, 48.25% (193) had pneumonia, 23% (92) had lacrimation, 7.75% (31) had pneumonia with lacrimation, and 10 (2.5%) showed all signs. Of the total 200 dead/slaughtered goats, pleural fluid was found in 36 goats and consolidation and red hepatization were observed in 40 and 42 goats, respectively. The present study found the presence of prevailing Mccp strain in the goat population of the study area. The highest prevalence of Mccp was found in collected samples from Kohat by PCR. The highest seroprevalence of Mccp was found in serum samples collected from Kohat by ELISA.
The Benefits of Adding Sulfur and Urea to a Concentrate Mixture on the Utilization of Feed, Rumen Fermentation, and Milk Production in Dairy Cows Supplemental Fresh Cassava Root
Authors: Sumadong Phussorn , So Sarong , Cherdthong Anusorn
Published: October 2022

Fresh cassava roots that contain hydrocyanic acid (HCN) can be hazardous to animals when consumed. Prior literature has shown that adding sulfur may eliminate HCN without harming the health of animals. Additionally, adding urea is advised if sulfur was utilized since it helps with microbial protein synthesis. We thus proposed that supplementing the fresh cassava root diet with a high sulfur and urea in concentrate diet would be advantageous for rumen fermentation and milk production in animals. The purpose of this study was to see how high sulfur and urea levels in concentrate combinations affected feed utilization, rumen fermentation, and milk production in dairy cows fed diets including fresh cassava root. Four Holstein Friesian cows with 480 ± 50.0 kg BW, 10 ± 2 kg/head/day of milk yield, and 90 days in milk (DIM) were assigned at random in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Factor A was the concentration of sulfur in the concentrate diet at 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg dry matter (DM), while factor B was the concentration of urea in the concentrate diet at 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg DM. Fresh cassava root was given to each cow on a daily basis at a rate of 15 g DM/kg of BW. According to the findings, sulfur and urea had no interaction impact on feed intake, rumen fermentation, or milk production. Sulfur supplementation at 20 g/kg DM improved sulfur intake and digestibility of DM and organic matter much more than 10 g/kg sulfur. Additionally, sulfur supplementation at a dose of 20 g/kg DM in concentrate markedly increased blood and milk thiocyanate concentrations while lowering the somatic cell count. When compared to 10 g/kg DM urea, 20 g/kg DM urea significantly enhanced crude protein digestibility, ammonia-nitrogen concentration, blood urea nitrogen, and total volatile fatty acid concentration. Sulfur might detoxify hydrogen cyanide toxicity and be added at 20 g/kg DM in concentrate without harming the animals, whereas urea at 20 g/kg DM could increase feed digestion and rumen fermentation.
Application of BIM Technology in Prefabricated Buildings Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Zheng Wei , Ye Yong , Zang Hongbing
Published: October 2022

Prefabricated construction is an emerging technology in the construction industry, which can effectively meet the construction scale requirements of construction projects. It can also shorten the construction time and reduce unnecessary consumption of construction resources. The introduction of BIM + VR technology into the prefabricated construction industry will improve and improve the construction of the relevant construction industry chain, architectural visualization design, architectural virtualization construction, project cost management, and production operations. In particular, the application of BIM + VR technology to the construction of prefabricated buildings can further refine the entire construction process and improve the overall quality of the project. The application advantages of these two technologies are analyzed, and the practical application of advanced technologies in building construction is discussed for reference.
Estimation of Breeding Parameters from Phenotypic Data of F4:5 RIL in Ethiopian Malt Barley (Hordeum distichum L.) Breeding Population
Authors: Tadesse Endeshaw , Wilde Peer , Tesfaye Kassahun , Fekadu Yohannes , Alemu Tesfahun , Gebretsadik Rebeka
Published: October 2022

The critical stage for any breeder is the selection of crossing parents to drive improved inbred for subsequent breeding cycles. In our study, we estimate breeding parameters such as mid-parent value (MPV), variances among and within crosses, the heritability of relevant traits and their correlations, the usefulness of crosses, and regression of cross means on MPV. 900 F4:5 Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from 30 crosses were tested together with their parental lines in a modified split-plot p-rep design at two locations. The analysis revealed significant genetic variation among parents, crosses, and RIL for almost all traits. Heritability for parents ranged from 49.50% (malt extract) to 93.60% (plant height) and heritability for crosses ranged from 29.52% (grain protein concentration) to 87.0% (days to maturity), whereas heritability for RIL was the lowest with 27.40% for beta-glucan and the highest to 73.60% for thousand kernel weight, respectively. Significant (

P
 
<
 0
.
01

) genotypic correlations with high impact for practical breeding were found between malting traits. Accordingly, the genotypic correlation ranged from −0.73 to 0.78 whereas the phenotypic correlation ranged from −0.60 to 0.65, respectively. Significant (

P
 
<
 0
.
01

) regression of cross-mean on MPV where R2 ranges from 0.27 to 0.70 and is higher than 0.5 for most of the traits demonstrates that cross means can accurately be predicted from MPV and selection among crosses at an early stage is highly effective. Based on the usefulness criterion, 16 superior crosses were identified compared to the planet as the actual leading malt variety. Starting from a simple additive genetic model with random mating, we discuss deviations from the initial model and their impact on the actual estimates implying how to design a state-of-the-art cereal breeding program.
Associations between Pretreatment Body Composition Features and Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Ged Yasser , Sanchez Alejandro , Patil Sujata , Knezevic Andrea , Stein Emily , Petruzella Stacey , Weiss Kate , Duzgol Cihan , Chaim Joshua , Akin Oguz , Mourtzakis Marina , Paris Michael T. , Scott Jessica , Kuo Fengshen , Kotecha Ritesh , Hakimi A. Ari , Lee Chung-Han , Motzer Robert J. , Voss Martin H. , Furberg Helena
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

High body mass index (BMI) may lead to improved immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) outcomes in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). However, BMI is a crude body size measure. We investigated BMI and radiographically assessed body composition (BC) parameters association with mccRCC ICB outcomes.

Experimental Design:

Retrospective study of ICB-treated patients with mccRCC. BMI and BC variables [skeletal muscle index (SMI) and multiple adiposity indexes] were determined using pretreatment CT scans. We examined the associations between BMI and BC variables with ICB outcomes. Therapeutic responses per RECIST v1.1 were determined. We compared whole-transcriptomic patterns with BC variables in a separate cohort of 62 primary tumor samples.

Results:

205 patients with mccRCC were included in the cohort (74% were male, 71% were overweight/obese, and 53% were classified as low SMI). High-BMI patients experienced longer overall survival (OS) than normal-weight patients [unadjusted HR, 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.45–0.97; P = 0.035]. The only BC variable associated with OS was SMI [unadjusted HR comparing low vs. high SMI 1.65 (95% CI: 1.13–2.43); P = 0.009]. However, this OS association became nonsignificant after adjusting for International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium score and line of therapy. No OS association was seen for adiposity and no BC variable was associated with progression-free survival or radiological responses. Tumors from patients with low SMI displayed increased angiogenic, inflammatory, and myeloid signals.

Conclusions:

Our findings highlight the relevance of skeletal muscle in the BMI paradox. Future studies should investigate if addressing low skeletal muscle in metastatic patients treated with ICB can improve survival.
IDO1 Is a Therapeutic Target for Pancreatic Cancer–Associated Depression
Authors: Hue Jonathan J. , Graor Hallie J. , Zarei Mehrdad , Katayama Erryk S. , Ji Karen , Hajihassani Omid , Loftus Alexander W. , Vaziri-Gohar Ali , Winter Jordan M.
Published: October 2022

Metabolites of tryptophan degradation are known to alter mood. Their effects have only been superficially examined in the context of pancreatic cancer. Herein, we study the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), an enzyme important in the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine, in a murine model of pancreatic cancer–associated depression. Behavioral tests (open field, forced swim, tail suspension, and elevated plus maze) and biochemical assays (LC-MS metabolomics) were used to characterize a depressive-phenotype in tumor-bearing mice (relative to non–tumor-bearing mice). In addition, we determine whether pharmacologic blockade of IDO1 affects mood in tumor-bearing mice. Immunocompetent mice bearing orthotopic pancreatic tumors exhibit depressive-like behavior relative to non–tumor-bearing mice. Pancreatic tumors strongly express IDO1. Consequently, serum kynurenine levels in tumor-bearing mice are elevated relative to non–tumor-bearing mice. Tumor-bearing mice treated with epacadostat, an IDO1 inhibitor, exhibited improved mood relative to mice receiving vehicle. There was a 95% reduction in serum kynurenine levels in mice receiving epacadostat relative to mice treated with vehicle. As confirmatory evidence of on-target activity, tumors of mice treated with epacadostat exhibited a compensatory increase in IDO1 protein levels. Escitalopram, an approved antidepressant, was ineffective at improving mood in tumor-bearing mice as measured by behavioral assays and did not affect kynurenine levels. Neither epacadostat, nor escitalopram, affected overall survival relative to vehicle. Mice with pancreatic cancer exhibit depressive-like behavior. Epacadostat was effective as an antidepressant for pancreatic cancer–associated depression in mice. These data offer a rationale to consider IDO1 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to mitigate depressive symptoms in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Postoperative Nutrition Management: Who Needs What?
Authors: Wobith Maria , Weimann Arved
Published: October 2022

Background: Early oral feeding after major abdominal surgery has been clearly shown to be safe and not a risk factor for anastomotic dehiscence. Within the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery protocol, it is the nutritional plan A. Nonetheless, one must consider that postoperative protein and energy requirements will often be not covered by oral food intake alone. Because nutritional status has been shown to be a prognostic factor in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, the preoperative identification of patients at risk may be mandatory. Malnutrition may be underestimated in an overweight society. With special regard to patients with cancer and those with preexisting malnutrition, an accumulating caloric gap may be harmful in the early and late postoperative periods. Furthermore, complications requiring reoperation and intensive care treatment may occur. Summary: Therefore, a plan B for postoperative nutrition therapy is needed, using preferentially the enteral route. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism recently addressed perioperative nutritional management and the indications for enteral and even parenteral supplementation to achieve caloric requirements in the postoperative course. In the first months after surgery, persisting weight loss is common in patients with upper gastrointestinal resections, even in those with an uncomplicated course. This may delay the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, increase toxicity, and worsen long-term outcomes.
A Regression Tree Analysis to Identify Factors Predicting Frailty: The International Mobility in Aging Study
Authors: Vafaei Afshin , Wu Yan Yan , Curcio Carmen-Lucía , Gomes Cristiano dos Santos , Auais Mohammad , Gomez Fernando
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome with a multifaceted etiology. We aimed to identify the best combinations of risk factors that predict the development of frailty using recursive partitioning models. Methods: We analyzed reports from 1,724 community-dwelling men and women aged 65–74 years participating in the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). Frailty was measured using frailty phenotype scale that included five physical components: unintentional weight loss, weakness, slow gait, exhaustion, and low physical activity. Frailty was defined as presenting three of the above five conditions, having one or two conditions indicated prefrailty and showing none as robust. Socio-demographic, physical, lifestyle, psycho-social, and life-course factors were included in the analysis as potential predictors. Results: 21% of pre-frail and robust participants showed a worse stage of frailty in 2014 compared to 2012. In addition to functioning variables, fear of falling (FOF), income, and research site (Canada vs. Latin America vs. Albania) were significant predictors of the development of frailty. Additional significant predictors after exclusion of functioning factors included education, self-rated health, and BMI. Conclusions: In addition to obvious risk factors for frailty (such as functioning), socio-economic factors and FOFs are also important predictors. Clinical assessment of frailty should include measurement of these factors to identify high-risk individuals.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Protein Shakes Are No Alternatives for Inulin Clearance and Meat to Assess Renal Functional Reserve in Humans
Authors: Damianaki Aikaterini , Brito Wendy , Garessus Jonas , Schneider Antoine , Maillard Marc , Burnier Michel , Pruijm Menno
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The measurement of renal functional reserve (RFR) can unmask glomerular hyperfiltration in residual nephrons, but its determination is time-consuming. In this study, we assessed whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable alternative to the gold standard inulin clearance and whether L-arginine or protein shakes lead to similar changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as animal proteins in men and women. Methods: Changes in GFR and renal microperfusion were studied in 25 healthy subjects (8 men, 17 women) by simultaneously performing inulin clearance and CEUS (perfusion index, PI) before and 1 and 2 h after different protein loads (L-arginine, protein shake or meat). The Doppler parameters – renal resistive index (RRI) and pulsatility index (PuI) – were also measured. Results: None of the oral protein loads induced significant changes in CEUS-assessed PI. Only meat increased inulin clearance (from 111.2 ± 16.0 to 149.8 ± 27.2 mL/min, p < 0.05) and mobilized RFR, while L-arginine decreased GFR (106.7 ± 45.3 to 86.3 ± 42.6 mL/min, p < 0.05). Protein shakes had a neutral effect. There were no correlations between changes in inulin clearance and PI. At Doppler, RRI and PuI increased after meat intake (from 0.647 ± 0.029 to 0.694 ± 0.050 a.u., p < 0.05 and from 1.130 ± 0.087 to 1.318 ± 0.163 a.u., p < 0.05, respectively), but their changes also did not correlate with changes in inulin clearance. Results were similar in both sexes. Conclusions: CEUS is not a valuable alternative for inulin clearance to measure RFR. Meat ingestion leads to modest changes in renal Doppler parameters and to glomerular hyperfiltration in both women and men, while protein shakes and L-arginine do not.
Architectural pattern for service collaboration
Authors: Memeti Agon , Cico Betim
Published: October 2022

The aim of this paper is to propose a modeling framework, tailored to build efficient, elastic and autonomous applications from tasks and services. It includes integrated services to develop the software products, reusing on demand in-house services with specific requirements and flexible the representational state transfer (REST) services. The idea is to decouple authorization for reduced service dependency and to provide a possibility for developing the whole application by increasing the existing application flexibility. Based on the fact that there are different web application platforms that serve to offer services to users but they are not integrated; we propose a framework with high flexibility degree, especially integrating the most used services such: e-learning, administrative, and library services, as University services are concern.
Development of a PC-based sign language translator
Authors: Amusa Kamoli Akinwale , Olanipekun Ayorinde Joseph , Erinosho Tolulope Christiana , Salaam Abiodun Akeem , Razaq Sodiq Segun
Published: October 2022

While a hearing-impaired individual depends on sign language and gestures, non-hearing-impaired person uses verbal language. Thus, there is need for means of arbitration to forestall situation when a non-hearing-impaired individual who does not understand the sign language wants to communicate with a hearing-impaired person. This paper is concerned with the development of a PC-based sign language translator to facilitate effective communication between hearing-impaired and non-hearing-impaired persons. Database of hand gestures in American sign language (ASL) is created using Python scripts. TensorFlow (TF) is used in the creation of a pipeline configuration model for machine learning of annotated images of gestures in the database with the real time gestures. The implementation is done in Python software environment and it runs on a PC equipped with a web camera to capture real time gestures for comparison and interpretations. The developed sign language translator is able to translate ASL/gestures to written texts along with corresponding audio renderings at an average duration of about one second. In addition, the translator is able to match real time gestures with the equivalent gesture images stored in the database even at 44% similarity.
Microstrip patch antenna review on various parameters, methods and its applications
Authors: Suriyan Kannadhasan , Ramaingam Nagarajan
Published: October 2022

The implementations of the microstrip patch antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) are analysed in the literature in this research. Dual or multiband antenna has played a significant part in meeting the expectations of wireless service in this quickly developing world of wireless communication. Basically, a transitory guide, an antenna is a device that emits or absorbs radio waves. Numerous benefits exist for microstrip patch antennas, including affordability, portability, simplicity of construction, and compatibility with integrated circuits. This has several important uses in the military, radar, mobile communications, global positioning system (GPS), remote sensing, and more. In mobile devices like portable computers and smart phones, WLAN and WiMAX are often used.
Single line noise cancellation using derivative of normalized least mean square algorithm
Authors: Pandit Rathnakara Srinivasa , Veerappa Udayashankara
Published: October 2022

Suppression of noise in noisy speech signal is required in many speech enhancement applications like signal recording and transmission from one place to other. In this paper a novel single line noise cancellation system is proposed using derivative of normalized least mean spare algorithm. The proposed system has two phases. The first phase is generation of secondary reference signal from incoming primary signal itself at initial silence period and pause between two words, which is essential while adaptive filter using as noise canceller. Second phase is noise cancellation using proposed modified error data normalized step size algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm and original error data normalized step size (EDNSS) algorithm using standard IEEE sentence (SP23) of Noizeus data base with different types of real world noise at different level of signal to noise ratio (SNR). The output of proposed, NLMS and EDNSS algorithm are measured with output SNR, excessive mean square error (EMSE) and misadjustment (M). The results clearly illustrates that the proposed algorithm gives improved result over conventional NLMS and EDNSS algorithm. The speed of convergence is also maintained as same conventional NLMS algorithm.
Automated machine learning for analysis and prediction of vehicle crashes
Authors: Saxena Abhishek , Robila Stefan A.
Published: October 2022

This work discusses the study and development of a graphical interface and implementation of a machine learning model for vehicle traffic injury and fatality prediction for a specified date range and for a certain zip (US postal) code based on the New York City's (NYC) vehicle crash data set. While previous studies focused on accident causes, little insight has been offered into how such data may be utilized to forecast future incidents, Studies that have historically concentrated on certain road segment types, such as highways and other streets, and a specific geographic region, this study offers a citywide review of collisions. Using cutting-edge database and networking technology, a user-friendly interface was created to display vehicle crash series. Following this, a support-vector machine learning model was built to evaluate the likelihood of an accident and the consequent injuries and deaths at the zip code level for all of NYC and to better mitigate such events. Using the visualization and prediction approach, the findings show that it is efficient and accurate. Aside from transportation experts and government policymakers, the machine learning approach deliver useful insights to the insurance business since it quantifies collision risk data collected at specific places.
Comparative performance study of HC-12, nRF24L01, and XBee for vehicular communication
Authors: Yogarayan Sumendra , Abdul Razak Siti Fatimah , Azli Abdullah Mohd. Fikri , Azman Afizan , Arultas Vethanayagi , Raman Suneetha Sri
Published: October 2022

In recent times, the volume of traffic congestion has been rapidly growing on roads. These days the necessity of having safe transportation and journey is essential. Thus, vehicle communication could be a possible solution to enhance safe transit. Vehicular communications provide a wide range of applications with different characteristics, namely vehicle and vehicle (V2V) communications. Every year, traffic accidents kill many people worldwide, and many people have been injured. V2V communication enables vehicles to communicate with each other to provide safety and convenience to drivers. Therefore, this paper explores a direction to develop a conceptual approach to V2V communication with HC-12, nRF24L01, and XBee. The study aims to analyse and evaluate the communication range that may contribute to the future road transportation system.
Cloud and internet-of-things secure integration along with security concerns
Authors: Ullah Arif , Laassar Imane , Şahin Canan Batur , Dinle Ozlem Batur , Aznaoui Hanane
Published: October 2022

Cloud computing is a new technology which refers to an infrastructure where both software and hardware application are operate for the network with the help of internet. Cloud computing provide these services with the help of rule know as you pay as you go on. Internet of things (IoT) is a new technology which is growing rapidly in the field of telecommunications. The aim of IoT devices is to connect all things around us to the Internet and thus provide us with smarter cities, intelligent homes and generally more comfortable lives. The combation of cloud computing and IoT devices make rapid development of both technologies. In this paper, we present information about IoT and cloud computing with a focus on the security issues of both technologies. Concluding we present the contribution of cloud computing to the IoT technology. Thus, it shows how the cloud computing technology improves the function of the IoT. Finally present the security challenges of both technologies IoT and cloud computing.
Smart parking for smart cities: a novel approach to reducing frivolous parking zone determination
Authors: Rahman Atiqur , Liton Ali Md
Published: October 2022

Internet of things (IoT) infrastructures are rapidly expanding, which will lead to an unanticipated rise in demand for smart cities. The concept of a "smart city" has recently gained traction in urban planning circles. An IoT based smart parking system is the focus of this article, and it allows a motorist to locate a car park and an available parking space in an indoor metropolis, all from the comfort of their own vehicle. Additional efforts are made to reduce the time spent defining parking zones. Reduced fuel use helps to cut down on pollution, as well as avoid needless travel through congested parking lots, which can help to reduce unlawful parking and alleviate traffic congestion in the city we all live in. These innovations include automobile particular identification via radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, unoccupied slot detection through the use of ultrasonic sensors, and cost calculating based largely on parking duration. The technology we've used is unique in that it runs on separate parts of the system for the hardware and the software.