bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant species identity drives soil legacies by affecting root morphology of maize but effects depend on phosphorus supply
Authors: He Yujuan , Du Mulin , Yang Chuanli , Bi Yixian , Liu Hao , Struik Paul C. , Jing Jingying , Zhang Yingjun
Published: April 2024

Aims
Soil biotic legacies of leys in grassland-crop rotation systems affect growth of subsequent crops and are garnering increasing attention. We studied how different grass and legume species grown in monoculture or mixture affect the growth of the subsequent maize crop and whether the legacy effects depend on external phosphorus inputs.
Methods
We collected microbial inoculum from a five-year experiment with nine leys, including monocultures of two grasses and two legumes, and five legume-grass mixtures in different ratios (3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3), and conducted a greenhouse experiment to explore the biotic legacy effects conditioned by these nine leys on maize growth at three P levels (0, 20, 50 mg kg− 1).
Results
Significant biotic legacies on biomass of maize were only observed at high P. The biotic legacies and P application interactively impacted root morphology. Maize growth in soil conditioned by alfalfa monoculture showed stronger legacy effects by enriching beneficial bacteria and reducing accumulation of pathogenic fungi than maize growth in soil from the orchard grass monoculture. However, the effects of other monocultures and mixtures did not differ significantly.
Conclusion
Legacy effects on plant growth were proven to be ley-specific and depended on P input. These findings stress that biotic legacy effects interacted with external nutrient input have a significant role in determining the performance of subsequent crops.
Psychological Distress Does Not Predict Decisional Regret in Patients Undergoing Spinal Reconstruction for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Shen Jesse , Louie Philip , Drolet Caroline , Bansal Aiyush , Nemani Venu , Leveque Jean-Christophe , Sethi Rajiv
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The study aimed to assess the link between preoperative psychological distress and postoperative decisional regret in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery patients. We hypothesized that greater pre-surgery distress would correlate with higher post-surgery regret. This evaluation was based on a retrospective case series from an institution with standardized surgical guidelines for ASD.
Methods
This IRB-approved retrospective study analyzed our institution's ASD database from 2014 to 2020. Eligible patients had a minimum two-year post-op follow-up and preoperative psychological distress assessment. Patients were grouped based on psychological distress levels: green, yellow, and yellow minus. Regret post-surgery was assessed using the Decision Regret Scale and SRS-22 Question 22. Logistic regression evaluated the impact of distress levels on regret, controlling for age and sex.
Results
Out of 167 eligible patients, 112 responded and were analyzed. No significant demographic differences were observed between responders and non-responders. Using the Decision Regret Scale, 41% expressed no regret, while 63% expressed no regret with the SRS-22 questionnaire's Single-Item scale. Only the yellow minus group showed significant regret difference based on osteotomy, with non-recipients more likely to express regret.
Conclusion
This study found no significant link between psychological distress and post-operative regret in adult spinal deformity surgery after a minimum 2-year follow-up. Although nearly 60% exhibited some post-surgery regret, predicting regret based on psychological burden or demographics remains challenging. Further research is essential to identify factors contributing to post-operative regret in spinal deformity surgery patients.
Streamlining Pediatric Vital Sign Assessment: Innovations and Insights
Authors: Goo Seayoung , Jang Wonjin , Kim You Sun , Ji Seungbae , Park Taewoo , Park June Dong , Lee Bongjin
Published: April 2024

Accurate assessment of pediatric vital signs is critical for detecting abnormalities and guiding medical interventions, but establishing normal ranges is challenging due to physiological variations. Efficient tools for clinical use are necessary. Our study analyzed 1,369,608 records from the National Emergency Department Information System of Korea, focusing on patients under 15 years old admitted between January 2016 and December 2017. We developed age-specific centile curves for systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate, integrating them into a web-based application at http://centile.research.or.kr. As a result of the study, a comprehensive set of centile curves was derived for systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate based on age. The web application allows users to input patient data and promptly obtain centile and z-score information for vital signs, which can be an efficient tool for pediatric vital sign assessment helping early detection of abnormalities and improving patient care in various clinical settings.
A mono-coordinated gallium(I) ambiphile with redox-active and redox-inert reactivity
Authors: Kretschmer Robert , Schreiner Simon , Rüffer Tobias
Published: April 2024

Mono-coordinated metallyenes (R–M:) of the Group 13 elements feature a non-bonding pair of electrons together with two vacant orbitals, which makes them highly reactive ambiphiles that readily activate small molecules by oxidative addition. In consequence of their pronounced reactivity, examples of mono-coordinated organometallics of aluminium(I) and gallium(I) remain rare. Here, we report the one-step synthesis of a monomeric gallium(I) compound that readily undergoes oxidative addition reactions and, more remarkably, carbometalation reactions with alkynes by retention of the low oxidation state +I and the coordination number one at gallium. This contrasts previous reports on the reactivity of low-valent main-group compounds, which are regularly oxidized to compounds in a more stable higher oxidation state. These findings provide a new approach to access low-valent main-group compounds and pave the way for the development of novel bond-functionalisation strategies that hence could enable the development of new catalytic processes in the future.
Straight-moving tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific trigger the wave trains over the North Pacific during winter
Authors: Ma Shuaiqiong , Pang Bo , Lu Riyu , Zhou Xingyan
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the large-scale circulation anomalies induced by straight-moving tropical cyclones (TCs) over the western North Pacific (WNP) during winter. Corresponding to the straight-moving TCs, quasi-stationary wave trains appear as alternative geopotential height anomalies in the upper troposphere stretching from East Asia to the North Pacific. Specifically, the anomalous anticyclones are initially formed to the south of Japan and then lead to the subsequent anomalies over the Sea of Okhotsk and the Gulf of Alaska, respectively. The wave trains extend along an approximate great circle path and differ from those triggered by the recurving TCs in summer and autumn, which propagate eastward along the westerly jet. Further analysis reveals that the upper-level anticyclonic anomalies are excited by negative Rossby wave sources, which are mainly attributed to the poleward vorticity advection by anomalous divergence relevant to TCs. In addition, the diagnosis indicates that the generation of wave source is caused by the product of the TC-induced divergent flows and the prominent meridional vorticity gradient in association with East Asian upper-tropospheric westerly jet. These findings imply that the tropical disturbances over the WNP, such as straight-moving TCs, can remotely affect weather over the extratropics, and thus have implications for improving the weather forecast over the extratropics through improving tropical disturbance forecast.
Occupational pesticide exposure is linked to the prevalence of Luminal B breast cancer and poor prognosis features in Brazilian rural women
Authors: Cazagranda Isabella , de Almeida Rafaela , Smaniotto Lucca , Berny Maria Paula , Gaboardi Shaiane , Candiotto Luciano , Rech Daniel , Panis Carolina , Silveira Guilherme
Published: April 2024

Brazil is among the top three global consumers of pesticides, despite evidence concerning the negative impact on public health. The exposure on female rural workers has been neglected, and the incidence of pesticide-induced diseases such as breast cancer is growing. In this context, this study analyzed the impact of occupational/household pesticide exposure on the clinicopathological profile of breast cancer in rural women. Clinicopathological data were collected from medical records and analyzed from a total of 386 patients (208 exposed and 141 unexposed to pesticides). Was used descriptive and inferential statistics methods to characterize the patient data, including the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, to evaluate associations between variables. This data was grouped as patient, tumor, and disease characteristics. Exposed patients had a prevalence of Luminal B subtype (32.83%), while unexposed patients had a prevalence of Luminal A molecular subtype (37.78%). Exposed patients also had higher disease recurrence (10.19%), chemoresistance (21.26%), and death occurrence (7.21%) than unexposed patients. Breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides were also more likely to have distant metastases and lymph node invasion compared to breast cancer unexposed patients. These findings indicate that pesticide exposure favors the occurrence of more aggressive breast cancer in rural women through occupational exposure. This results indicate that this occupational information could be added to the screening process and risk determination for breast cancer severity.
Effect of Initial Muscle Fitness on Weight Loss and Metabolically Healthy Status in Childhood Obesity: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shang Wenya , Kong Jiaqi , Zhang Mengxue , Zhao Linlin , Wang Kun , Yang Qin
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of initial muscular fitness (MF) on weight loss and metabolically healthy status in 282 obese children under diet- and exercise-based interventions. Metabolically healthy obese (MHO) definitions established in 2018 and MF standards based on the 2021 Chinese children grip strength grading were applied. The proportion of metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) was higher in the high MF group than their low MF counterparts at baseline. After intervention, neither group transitioned from MUO to MHO due to high frequency of low HDL-C. High MF females showed a higher percentage of high SBP than low MF females before and after intervention. High MF males exhibited greater improvements in waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C than low MF males. The benefits of weight loss and blood lipid obtained by males are more evident than females under the same MF level. Thus, attention should be given to females during weight loss regardless of MF levels. We concluded that initial MF is not a primary factor influencing the transition from MUO to MHO status. Precision therapy should prioritize the management of blood pressure and avoid excessive reduction of HDL-C levels to sustain metabolic health.
Blinded, Randomized Tolerance Study of a Biologically Enhanced Nanogel with Endothelin-1 and Bradykinin Receptor Antagonist Peptides via Intra-Articular Injection for Osteoarthritis Treatment in Horses
Authors: Terlinden Antoinette , Jacquet Sandrine , Manivong Seng , Cullier Aurélie , Cassé Frédéric , Legendre Florence , Garcia Araceli Ac , Roullin Gaëlle , Moldovan Florina , Sirois Pierre , Banquy Xavier , Galéra Philippe , Audigié Fabrice , Demoor Magali , Bertoni Lélia
Published: April 2024

Background:
Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of pain and retirement in athletic horses. Hydro-expansive functionalized nanogels, acting as Drug Delivery Systems, constitute one of the current therapeutic prospects. These nanogels have the potential to combine mechanical benefits through polymers with the biological effect of prolonged release of bioactive molecules. The purpose of this double-blinded randomized tolerance study versus negative control was to evaluate the response of healthy joints to a single injection of the efficient dose and overdose of nanogels composed of chitosan and hyaluronic acid and featuring a type A endothelin receptor antagonist and a type B1 bradykinin receptor antagonist. The metacarpophalangeal joints of 8 healthy horses were randomly injected with 2.4 mL of functionalized nanogels and 2.4 mL of saline as control on the contralateral limb. Injections were repeated twice at one-week intervals, followed by injection of a triple dose of nanogel on week four. Clinical, ultrasonographic and synovial fluid cellular and biochemical follow-ups were performed up to three months following the first injection.
Results:
No change in general clinical parameters, lameness or sensitivity to passive flexion of the fetlocks was noted. Mild to moderate synovitis was noted on the day following injection in the treated group, with a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. It spontaneously resolved on day 3 following the injections and did not increase with repeated injections. Similar effects were noted after injection of the triple dose but lasted for a week. Synovial fluid markers of inflammation also showed a transient significant increase in the treated group one week after each injection, but no differences were detected at the end of the study.
Conclusions:
Injections of the therapeutic dose of functionalized nanogel in healthy joints induced a mild transient inflammatory response in the joint. Three injections of the efficient dose at one-week intervals and injection of thrice the efficient dose induce a mildly greater inflammation without harmful effects on joints. Functionalized nanogels are well tolerated prospects for the treatment of osteoarthritis in horses. Their beneficial effects on arthritic joints have yet to be evaluated to determine their therapeutic potential.
A Calculation Method of Winding Loss of High Frequency Transformer Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Pan Shenghua , Zhang Yuwen , Chen Huarong
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a winding loss calculation method used in the field of converter transformer is introduced into the field of high frequency transformer for the first time, and the influence of winding structure on the calculation accuracy of the method is considered for the first time. Taking the results of finite element simulation as the reference value, the calculation results of this method are compared with those of the formula method. The feasibility of using this method to calculate the winding loss of high frequency transformer is verified. Firstly, the winding loss of rectangular wire commonly used in small capacity high frequency transformer is analyzed. Based on the finite element simulation results, the calculation accuracy of the new method and the formula calculation method is compared to prove the feasibility of the new method. Then, using the same method, the accuracy of the new method and the formula method in calculating the winding loss of the round wire also used in the small-capacity high-frequency transformer is compared. The maximum number of continuous winding layers is changed, and the results of different layers are calculated. Finally, the cross transposition winding structure is also calculated, which proves that the new method is not only suitable for different shapes of wires, but also suitable for different winding structures. The results show that the new method has good calculation accuracy and good applicability, and can obtain more accurate calculation results of winding loss of high-frequency transformers with different shapes of windings.
Effect of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose on Functional Capacity, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Not on Dialysis, Mild Anemia and Iron Deficiency. A Pilot Study
Authors: Montesa Mª Jesús Puchades , Todolí Juan Casas , Villota Julio Nuñez , Gimenez-Civera Elena , Gonzales Boris , Montomoli Marco , Espriella Rafael De la , Rico Miguel González , Torregrosa Isidro , Peña Carlos J , Cases Aleix , Górriz Jose Luis
Published: April 2024

Iron deficiency (ID) is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it’s associated with poorer quality of life (QoL) and functional capacity. Intravenous (IV) iron therapy is limited to CKD patients with ID and anemia to avoid/delay the need or reduce the dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, according to anemia guidelines. We hypothesized that treatment with IV iron in CKD patients with ID and borderline anemia may improve their functional capacity and QoL, independently of its effects on hemoglobin. In the present study treatment with IV ferric carboximaltose was associated with a significant short-term improvement in the 6-MWT in CKD patients with ID. Patient Global Assessment, EQ-5D and Piper Fatigue Scale also improved at 4 weeks. These findings were independent of hemoglobin changes and support the role of ID per se in the worse functional capacitcy and quality of life in CKD patients.
Analysis on risk factors of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder
Authors: yan zhang , Dongmei Liu , Jia Li , Huabin Hu , Pu Huang , Yan Jun , Zhonghua Yu , Wuquan Deng , Zhian Hu , Zhongxiang Yao , Debin Lu
Published: April 2024

Backgroud : Hypoglycemia can easily cause consciousness disorder, but some patients may not experience it. Currently, few clinical studies have delved into the characteristics of hypoglycemic patients, as well as the inducers and risk factors of consciousness disorder.
Objective : To explore the high-risk factors and inducements of consciousness disorder in patients with hypoglycemia.
Methods : Totally 292 inpatients were selected who received hypoglycemia treatment in the Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, and Yubei People's Hospital from January 2010 to June 2022. The patients were divided into consciousness disorder group (n=220) and non-consciousness disorder group (n=72) according to the consciousness disorder at admission. We compared proportion of diabetic patients, blood glucose level, duration of hypoglycemia, and incidence rate of complications between two groups, and analyzed the predisposing factors of hypoglycemic consciousness disorders and the outcomes after treatment of hypoglycemia.
Results : All 292 patients were mainly elderly (87.67%) and diabetic (80.14%). Among these, 220 cases (66.7%) were complicated with consciousness disorder. Insulin injection and infection were the major inducements of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder. Compared with non-consciousness disorder group, the disorder group had lower blood glucose levels and longer hypoglycemia durations. Fewer patients had diabetes and hypertension alone , those with multiple comorbidities were more prevalent .Besides ,there was no significant difference in age, sex and serum creatinine level between two groups.
Conclusion : The main inducements of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder are insulin injection and infection, And the high-risk factors include severity and duration of hypoglycemia , as well as various complications, but the patients with diabetes and hypertension alone are relatively less likely to develop consciousness disorder during hypoglycemia.
The Impact of Intraoperative Hypotension on Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury, Mortality and Length of Stay following Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: xiao cheng , yang ming , cao lei , chen fang , jing sheng , tan yuting , li hong
Published: April 2024

Background Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) presents distinct hemodynamic characteristics, yet the relationship between intraoperative hypotension and short-term adverse outcomes remains clear. Our study aims to investigate association between intraoperative hypotension and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), mortality and length of stay in OPCABG patients.
Methods Retrospective data of 494 patients underwent OPCABG from January 2016 to July 2023 were collected. We analyzed the relationship between intraoperative various hypotension absolute values (MAP >75, 65< MAP ≤ 75, 55< MAP ≤65, MAP ≤55 mmHg) and postoperative AKI, mortality and length of stay. Logistic regression assessed the impacts of exposure variable on AKI and postoperative mortality. Linear regression was used to analyze risk factors on the length of intensive care unit stay (ICU) and hospital stay.
Results The incidence of AKI was 31.8 %, with in-hospital and 30-day mortality at 2.8 % and 3.5 %, respectively. Maintaining a MAP greater than or equal 65 mmHg [odds ratio (OR) 0.408; p=0.008] and 75 mmHg (OR 0.479; p=0.024) was significantly associated with a decrease risk of AKI compared to MAP less than 55 mmHg for at least 10 minutes. Prolonged hospital stays were linked to low MAP, while in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality were not linked to IOH but exhibited correlation with a history of myocardial infarction. AKI showed correlation with length of ICU stay.
Conclusions MAP > 65 mmHg emerges as a significant independent protective
factor for AKI in OPCABG and IOH is related to length of hospital stay. Proactive intervention targeting intraoperative hypotension may provide a potential opportunity to reduce postoperative renal injury and hospital stay.
Trial registration ChiCTR2400082518. Registered 31 March 2024. https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=225349
Exploring the relationship between dental anxiety and blood pressure in urgent dental care patients: an observational study
Authors: Pallos Debora , Miziara Luciano , Cavalcante Larissa , Rocha Najila , Pereira Jose Eduardo , Martins Fabiana
Published: April 2024

Background: Dental anxiety is frequently observed in dental clinics, and when an increase in blood pressure (BP) values is detected, it can be classified as a type of white coat hypertension (WCH). The goal of this study was to monitor blood pressure before and after emergency dental treatments in a university dental clinic and to discuss the importance of approaching these patients considering their BP values and dental anxiety.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational research randomly included patients in the dental waiting room of an urgent care clinic. A mercury sphygmomanometer was used by two calibrated researchers to assess the study participants before (T1) and after (T2) the emergency dental consultation. The variation in BP measurement was statistically compared with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), dental history, high blood pressure (HBP), and other comorbidities.
Results: Among all participants (n = 75), the mean age was 45.5 ± 12.7 years old, 66.7% of patients were female, 78.7% had pain before dental care, VAS scale (5.2 ± 3.5), and used painkillers, and 44.4% reported dental anxiety. HBP was detected in 60% of patients (>130 mmHg), 53.3% of patients had a family history of HBP, 28.9% were diagnosed with AH, and among these, 50% were regularly using antihypertensive medication. The average systolic BP (SBP) was 131.9 and the diastolic BP (DBP) was 90.4 mm/hg, and in terms of evolution, the variation was 3.7 to 1.7, respectively.
Conclusions: This study showed that BP monitoring at the dental clinic is recommended, and most patients presented HBP before the consultation, but these parameters were not considered decisive for canceling the dental urgent care.
Experience and advice consequences shape information sharing strategies
Authors: Anllo Hernan , Salamander Gil , Palminteri Stefano , Raihani Nichola , Hertz Uri
Published: April 2024

Individuals often rely on the advice of more experienced peers to minimize uncertainty and increase success likelihood. In most domains where knowledge is acquired through experience, advisers are themselves continuously learning. Here we examine the way advising behavior changes throughout the learning process, and the way that costs and benefits of giving advice shape this behavior. We ran a series of experiments implementing a decision task within a reinforcement learning framework, where participants could decide to share their choices as advice to others. Participants were overall likely to share their choices as advice, even on the first trial before learning. Tendency to share advice and advice quality increased as advisers learned about the value of choices, and moved from exploratory to exploitative behavior. The introduction of consequences to advising resulted in a shift of the overall tendency to give advice, lowering it when advising implicated monetary loss, and increasing it when advising held reputational value. Individual differences in social anxiety levels were associated with lower tendency to share exploratory decisions. Our results show that advisers tend to share choices that are backed by their own experience, but that this relationship can be altered by advice-consequences and individual traits.
Paleomagnetism of the Jurassic complex of the southern slope of the Scythian platform (Tahirjalchay basin, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Garayeva Tahmina , Mehdiyeva Zabita
Published: April 2024

The article presents a detailed stratigraphical division of the Jurassic rock formations on the northern edge of the Great Caucasus Sea Basin in Azerbaijan. The stratigraphy of Jurassic rocks in this region, which corresponds to the southern margin of the Scythian platform, has not been well studied. On the other hand, paleomagnetic research has never been conducted in this area before. The studied region is located on the northern flank of the southeastern part of the mountain-folded system of the Greater Caucasus. To study the paleomagnetic properties of Jurassic rocks, 80 oriented samples were collected from the Tahirjalchay section. The magnetic susceptibility and the natural remnant magnetization of the deposits vary between 0.6 x 10-3 - 1.6 x 10-3 BS and 2.9 x 10-3 - 16.9 x 10-3 A/m, respectively. The average value of the permanent component indicates that the magnetization is close to its initial value and can therefore be used to compile a paleomagnetic profile. Based on paleomagnetic data, for the first time, the kinematic parameters of the Jurassic tectonic blocks on the southern margin of the Scythian Platform were studied. Analysis of the research materials reveals the extent of the angular displacement of the block. In the magnetostratigraphic analysis of the Tahirjalchay section, a total of 5 direct magnetization zones and 5 reverse zones were identified. Using these magnetic zones, the boundaries between different stratigraphic units were determined: Aalenian-Bajocian; Bajocian-Bathonian; Bathonian - Callovian; Callovian - Oxfordian; Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian.
Associations between Monocyte-to-High Density Lipoprotein Ratio and abdominal aortic calcification: Results of a nationwide survey
Authors: Wei Ran , Huang Maoxun
Published: April 2024

Background
Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a critical marker for cardiovascular disease, is strongly correlated with metabolic disorders like diabetes and hypertension. Recent studies have highlighted the Monocyte-to-High Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) as a potential biomarker for assessing the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
Methods And Results
This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2013-2014, focusing on U.S. adults aged 40 years and above. A total of 3017 participants were included, with AAC evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, and the severity of AAC quantified based on the Kauppila score system. MHR was investigated for its association with AAC severity, employing multiple linear and multivariable logistic regression models to explore the relationship dynamics. After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, race, socioeconomic factors, and other health-related variables, the analysis revealed a significant association between higher MHR levels and increased AAC scores. Participants with elevated MHR exhibited a greater prevalence and severity of AAC.
Conclusions
The study demonstrates a significant association between elevated MHR and the prevalence and severity of AAC, suggesting the utility of MHR as a predictive biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. These findings advocate for the inclusion of MHR in cardiovascular disease management and risk stratification protocols.
Microscopic and Spectroscopic insights of antibacterial mechanism of Ag-loaded TiO 2 Electrospun nanofibers
Authors: Khanam Bisma , Anwar Shahzad , Zakria Muhammad , Khan Taj Muhammad , Rahman A. , Adnan Ahmad , Shan Nida Ali , Khan Rafaqat Ali , Raffi Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Pristine TiO2 nanofibers with a range of Ag-loading (wt.% 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) were prepared by electrospinning technique whose mechanistic insight into their improved antibacterial activity against E.coli as a model microorganism has been investigated. Calcination of as prepared electrospun nanofibers was carried out in ambient air at 500℃ for 3h to promote transformation crystalline phase of TiO2 from anatase to the rutile, removal of reaction moieties and genesis of Ag clusters in these nanofibers. The physicochemical properties of nanofiber samples were analyzed and observed by employing Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. On the whole, these nanofibers have been found to exhibit a smooth surface morphology with minimal beading effect and sustained compositions of the original elements. Heat treatment of the as prepared samples lead to preferential formation of rutile phase as a function of wt.% loading of Ag that strongly supported phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile. These nanofibers have been tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against the E. Coli bacterium by Well plate method. The results have exhibited formation of consistent zones of inhibition and log10 CFU/mL with the rising content of Ag loading in the TiO2 matrix, while highest antimicrobial efficacy has been observed with the sample containing 8wt.% of Ag loading. Confocal microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy analysis of treated bacterial samples has disclosed the interaction between nanofibers and bacterial cells, resulting into disruption of cell membrane. This disruption led to the leakage of cell contents and ultimately causing bacterial cell death.
Livelihood and Beyond Relations of Local Communities with Sundarban Mangroves
Authors: Biswas Camellia , Channarayapatna Sharada , Pandey Chhavi Nath
Published: April 2024

This paper delves into the multifarious relationship between the Sundarban Mangrove Forest and the adjacent villages, extending beyond mere livelihood earnings, to reveal the intricate dynamics of cultural/traditional practices with environmental challenges and modern adaptations in the selected villages of the Sundarbans region of West Bengal, India. Through three occupational case studies, it elucidates how local communities perceive and engage with mangrove ecosystems, illustrating both direct and indirect dependencies on these vital resources. The study reveals a profound symbiosis between humans and mangroves, extending beyond economic transactions to encompass socio-cultural, political, and ecological dimensions. Employing a thematic framework, it examines how traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) informs local decision-making and adaptation strategies in the face of climate change. Methodologically, the study employs a 'multiple methods' approach, integrating oral narratives, household surveys, and participatory learning methods to capture diverse perspectives and insights. The findings underscore the intrinsic link between livelihoods and community governance, highlighting the politicization of resource access and management. Despite challenges, the paper demonstrates the resilience of traditional practices and the adaptive capacity of local communities. However, it also warns against the pitfalls of unsustainable practices and the need for equitable access to resources. Ultimately, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of human-mangrove interactions and calls for a holistic approach to conservation that integrates traditional wisdom with contemporary scientific knowledge.
RETRACTED: Single-cell RNA sequencing combined with Mendelian randomization analysis of key genes and pathways in IgA nephropathy
Authors: qiu min hua , Jiang peng , Yang yuwei , Ting Zhang , Jibing Chen , Hongjun Gao
Published: April 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Prevalence and influencing factors of poor body posture among university students: a cross-sectional study from a university in eastern China
Authors: Feng Dan , Zhang Yong , Li Hui Min , Zeng Quan Wen , Yuan Jin
Published: April 2024

Background: Existing studies have found that the severity of abnormal body posture is significantly and positively correlated with the prevalence of pain and musculoskeletal disorders in humans. College students belong to a sedentary population and obesity is common among them. Existing research on body posture has mainly focused on children and adolescents but lacks in-depth exploration of this issue in the college population. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the correlation between college students' lifestyle habits and abnormal body posture by assessing the body posture of current college students.
Methods: From September 2023 to February 2024, 1545 randomly selected college students from Anhui Polytechnic University were assessed for body posture and surveyed for their living habits using the Posture-Analyzer (AFA-50) and the College Student Living Habits Questionnaire. Data were statistically analyzed using x2 test and logistic regression analysis (α=0.05).
Results: The detection rate of poor body posture among college students was 65.5%; Group differences in abnormal detection rates existed and were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for gender, place of residence, and BMI; Among them, the rate of the abnormal body posture of college students in rural residence areas was 82.05%, while the rate of the abnormal body posture of college students in urban residence areas was 51.72%, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001); There is a correlation between healthy body posture development and lifestyle habits: Physical exercise of appropriate intensity and adequate sleep are positive factors in preventing and improving poor body posture; In contrast, excessive daily screen time, sedentary behaviors and high frequency of snacking behaviors are negative factors.
Conclusion: This study found that the daily life behavioral habits of college students have an important influence on the development of body posture, and changing the relevant influencing factors (physical exercise, dietary habits, etc.), can help to reduce the detection rate of abnormal body posture among college students, and to prevent and improve musculoskeletal disorders accompanying poor body posture.
Thiel cadaver eye as a training model for sub-Tenon blocks: a feasibility study
Authors: Lersch Friedrich , Schnidrig Damian , Boemke Susanne , Djonov Valentin , Heussen Florian M.
Published: April 2024

Background: Regional anesthesia education, especially for ocular procedures, necessitates reliable surgical training models. While cadaveric models offer anatomical fidelity, conventional embalming methods may compromise tissue integrity. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of Thiel cadavers for training in sub-Tenon blocks by evaluating ocular tissues and measuring insertion forces.
Methods: Experimental design, using twenty eyes from ten Thiel cadaver heads. These cadavers were specifically prepared to test the administration of sub-Tenon blocks. The research was conducted in a controlled laboratory setting appropriate for handling cadaveric materials and conducting precise measurements. Each cadaver eye underwent an initial ultrasound examination, and its axial length was noted. An intravitreal injection of heptastarch solution followed, to re-establish the eye's sphericity. After this volume injection, the axial length and intraocular pressure were measured again. Mock sub-Tenon blocks were administered in 2 separate quadrants of the eye, with insertion forces measured using a pressure gauge. Main outcome measurements were macroscopic assessment of the ocular tissue layers and the insertion forces required for the sub-Tenon blocks.
Results: Four of twenty eyes (20%) retained near-natural sphericity, with the remaining requiring volume injection to approximate physiological shape and pressure. The conjunctiva and Tenon’s layer were intact, and correct cannula placement was achieved in all cases. The average maximum cannula insertion force was 2.92 Newtons.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that Thiel cadavers are a promising model for training in sub-Tenon blocks, despite the challenge of often desiccated and involuted eyes.
Evaluation of early development of 6-month-old babies in the case of maternal post-partum depression
Authors: Guivarch Jokthan , Persia Mélanie-Lou , Grandgeorge Pauline , Pergeline Hugo , Dugnat Michel , Treut Laure Le , Poinso François , Varoquaux Arthur , Fernandez Arnaud
Published: April 2024

Background: Postpartum depression can negatively affect the first interactions with the child and, consequently, his or her emotional, social and cognitive development. The aim of the current study was to investigate 6-month-old children's global development whose mother is suffering from postpartum depression.
Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study. Our studied population was 6-month-old babies hospitalized with their mothers at the Marseille mother-baby unit for maternal postpartum depression. The mothers were diagnosed clinically by a psychiatrist specialized in postpartum depression using DSM-5; child development was assessed at 6 months by an independent healthcare professional using the Brunet-Lezine Scale.
Results: We followed 40 mother-infant dyads. None of the 40 children had a global developmental delay. However, maternal depression was significantly associated with poorer sociability and with a lower level of posture development of infants at 6 months of age. Posture development was significantly lower in children of bipolar mothers than in children of non-bipolar mothers. Children’s development quotients were more impaired in cases of maternal anxiety comorbidity.
Conclusions: The findings indicate that postpartum depression was associated with a weakness in sociability and posture at 6-month development of the child.
Synergistic Modeling of Liquid Properties: Integrating Neural Network-Derived Molecular Features with Modified Kernel Models
Authors: Lim Hyuntae , Jung YounJoon
Published: April 2024

A significant challenge in applying machine learning to computational chemistry, particularly considering the growing complexity of contemporary machine learning models, is the scarcity of available experimental data. To address this issue, we introduce an approach that derives molecular features from an intricate neural network-based model and applies them to a simpler conventional machine learning model that is robust to overfitting. This method can be applied to predict various properties of a liquid system, including viscosity or surface tension, based on molecular features drawn from the ab initio-calculated free energy of solvation. Furthermore, we propose a modified kernel model that includes Arrhenius temperature dependence to incorporate theoretical principles and diminish extreme nonlinearity in the model. The modified kernel model demonstrated significant improvements in certain scenarios and possible extensions to various theoretical concepts of molecular systems.
Experimental Study on Nuclear Power Plant Operators’ Performance during a Major Earthquake with Aftershocks
Authors: Hirose Ayako , Nonose Kohei , Takeda Daisuke
Published: April 2024

Experiments were conducted to clarify the effects of seismic motion and aftershocks on the performance and physiological and psychological states of nuclear power plant operators. Nine reactor operators (average experience: 5.2 years) responded to various events associated with a great earthquake using a virtual reality simulator that simulated the main control room and plant behavior and a chair-type earthquake simulator. The experimental conditions were the presence and absence of vibrations. For each condition, the differences in the following indices were analyzed: The errors and utterances made during plant response were performance indices; cardiac sympathetic index, cardiac vagal index, and skin conductance level were physiological indices; and responses to a questionnaire on stress were psychological indices. Results revealed that operators experienced transient physiological stress at the time of the main shock, and felt the seismic motion’s effects on plant operations, such as “delay in initial response” and “disruption of priorities,” which did not seem threatening. They did not perceive any impact on performance. For aftershocks, it was found that the motion of the aftershocks themselves had almost no effect on the operators, but that the presence of aftershocks increased omission errors for events occurring immediately before the aftershocks, and that “work interruption” and “changes in plant conditions” due to aftershocks had affected them. Adding a seismic vibration experience using a simulated environment to regular training will contribute to the collection of performance data for operators and improve operators’ preparedness for earthquakes.
Asymmetric bilateral radial artery variations with embryological view: A case report
Authors: Afshar Azar , Aghajanpour Fakhroddin , Soltani Reza , Kasmaie Farshad Moharrami , Masteri-farahani Reza , Abbaszadeh Hojatollah , Nourozian Mohsen , Amini Abdollah , fadaefathabadi fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Similar to other parts of the body, variations in the arterial pattern of the upper limbs have been reported in different studies. According to the different stages of arterial system development, variations are created owing to disturbances in this process. Therefore, each variation could be justified based on the formation method. One of the most important arteries of the upper limb is the radial artery, which forms in several stages. Therefore, variations in this artery with a different origin from the normal state can be observed. However, its origin in the axillary artery is rare.
Methods
In this report, during the dissection of a 45-years-old man, variation in the origin of the radial artery was seen bilaterally.
Result
This arterial pattern was asymmetric and was seen as follows: On the right side, the radial artery was separated from the axillary artery on the medial side of the artery. It runs parallel to the brachial artery on its medial side, crossing it at the cubital fossa. On the left side, the radial artery was separated from the lateral side of the brachial artery in the middle of the arm and enters the forearm by passing through the external side of the arm.
Conclusion
The brachial and radial arteries are the most important arteries in the upper limbs for diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Therefore, knowledge of the types of arterial variations and their frequencies can play an effective role in preventing medical errors.
Emergence and Global Spread of a Dominant Multidrug-Resistant Variant in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Zhou Zhemin , Li Shengkai , Li Heng , Jiang Guilai , Wang Shengke , Wang Min , Wu Yilei , Liu Xiao , Zhong Ling , Xie Shichang , Ren Yi , Lou Yongliang , Du Jimei
Published: April 2024

The proliferation of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is driven by the global spread of epidemic lineages that accumulate antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Acinetobacter baumannii, a leading cause of nosocomial infections, displays resistance to most frontline antimicrobials and represents a significant challenge to public health. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive genomic analysis of over 15,000 A. baumannii genomes to identify a predominant epidemic super-lineage (ESL) accounting for approximately 70% of global isolates. Through hierarchical classification of the ESL into distinct lineages, clades, and variants, we identified a stepwise evolutionary trajectory responsible for the worldwide expansion and transmission of A. baumannii over the last eight decades. Particularly, we observed the rise and global spread of a previously unrecognized Variant 2.5.6, which emerged in East Asia in 2006. The epidemic of the variant is linked to the ongoing acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors facilitated by genetic recombination. Our results highlight the necessity for One Health-oriented research and interventions to address the spread of this MDR pathogen.
Unraveling the Complexity of Area Postrema Lesions: Insights from Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Beyond
Authors: Li Jing , yang yan , Hu ya , Jia xiangdong , ge junling , yao guoen
Published: April 2024

Lesions in the area postrema may lead to symptoms including hiccupping, nausea, and vomiting. Often termed area postrema syndrome, these symptoms are commonly linked to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). This study analyzes two case studies to illustrate the varied clinical manifestations of area postrema lesions. The first case involves a 57-year-old male presenting with persistent symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Subsequent examination led to a diagnosis of WHO Grade II astrocytoma. The second case details a 24-year-old woman with hiccupping, deteriorating vision, incontinence, and limb numbness. She was subsequently diagnosed with concurrent neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and Sjögren's syndrome. Importantly, the second case showed distinct gastrointestinal symptoms before treatment, leading to a crucial diagnosis of lesions in the posterior medullary region. These case studies highlight the risk of misdiagnosis and underscore the importance of quickly recognizing posterior medulla-related symptoms. A deep understanding of postrema lesions is essential for accurate diagnosis and prompt management. This underscores the need for a comprehensive clinical approach to enhance patient outcomes.
Magneto-electric spin resonance of Cu 2+ dimer associate in BaF 2 single crystal
Authors: Tarasov V. F. , Zaripov R. B. , Ulanov V. A.
Published: April 2024

The unusual resonance lines were observed in continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of dimer associate of Cu2+ ions in BaF2 single crystal. The phase of these lines was significantly shifted from the phase of magnetic field modulation. We associate the appearance of these lines with special features of the high-spin electron systems under resonance interaction with microwave electromagnetic field. We take in to account that under resonance excitation of the high-spin electron spin magnetic dipole orientation transforms to quadrupole alignment, and there is the reversible mutual transformation of the dipole and quadrupole degrees of freedom. Simultaneous excitation of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole resonance transitions in a dielectric resonator of an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer results in appearance of the phase shifted resonance lines.