bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploiting multiple percolation in two-terminal memristor to achieve a multitude of resistive states
Authors: Foulger Stephen H. , Bandera Yuriy , Grant Benjamin , Vilčáková Jarmila , Sáha Petr
Published: June 2021

The emulation of synaptic responses with memristors is an attractive route to neuromorphic networks. A hybrid conjugated polymer with pendant carbazole rings was employed in a two-terminal memristor that exhibited synergistic percolation mechanisms.
Synaptic transistors with human brain-like fJ energy consumption via double oxide semiconductor engineering for neuromorphic electronics
Authors: Cho Seong-In , Jeon Jae Bum , Kim Joo Hyung , Lee Seung Hee , Jeong Wooseok , Kim Jingyu , Kim Geunyoung , Kim Kyung Min , Park Sang-Hee Ko
Published: June 2021

This study proposes double oxide semiconductors as a strategy for human-brain like energy consuming synaptic transistor. IZO/IGZO synaptic transistor consumed a minimum energy of 0.269 fJ, and successfully mimicked various synaptic plasticity.
Influence of the fullerene LUMO level on the stability of bulk heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Distler A. , Cheon K.-S. , Waller D. , Guldi D. , Hauch J. , Egelhaaf H.-J.
Published: June 2021

The photo-oxidation rates of seven different P3HT:fullerene films and solar cells are correlated with the electron affinities of the fullerene derivatives. The potential (de)stabilizing mechanisms imposed by the fullerenes are discussed and assessed.
Aggregation-induced emission for the visualization of the structure and properties of polymers
Authors: Zhang Yongzhi , Ju Junping , Wang Dandan , Yuan Hua , Hao Longyun , Tan Yeqiang
Published: June 2021

This review summarizes the application of AIE molecules in the study of the structure and property of polymers, and the prospect of development by AIE molecules in the polymer field.
UV-protection and fluorescence properties of the exoskeleton obtained from a living diatom modified by an Eu3+-complex
Authors: Li Lili , Yu Xiaoshuang , Aleem Abdur Raheem , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhao Yue , Wang Xinzhi , Zhang Yanying , Wang Yao , Shen Wenfei , Inganäs Olle , Tang Jianguo
Published: June 2021

This hybrid luminescent material (USDU) and films are greatly enhanced in terms of fluorescence and can effectively absorb ultraviolet light and convert it into useful visible fluorescence.
Quasiparticle band structures, spontaneous polarization, and spin-splitting in noncentrosymmetric few-layer and bulk γ-GeSe
Authors: Kim Han-gyu , Choi Hyoung Joon
Published: June 2021

Noncentrosymmetric γ-GeSe is a ferroelectric semiconductor with the spin-split valence band.
Interplay between ferroelectricity and metallicity in BaTiO3
Authors: Michel Veronica F. , Esswein Tobias , Spaldin Nicola A.
Published: June 2021

Our calculations show that both polarization and metallicity can coexist when the ferroelectric material BaTiO3 is electron or hole doped, and a balance between structural, chemical and electronic effects results in a change of polarization.
A review of strain sensors based on two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide
Authors: Zhu Minjie , Du Xiaohui , Liu Shuai , Li Jinhua , Wang Zhuqing , Ono Takahito
Published: June 2021

This review covers a short introduction to the structure, properties, and synthesis methods of MoS2. Emphasis is given to the different categories of strain sensing mechanisms and device architectures, which enable a high gauge factor (GF).
Recent progress in flexible nanocellulosic structures for wearable piezoresistive strain sensors
Authors: Wan Caichao , Zhang Luyu , Yong Ken-Tye , Li Jian , Wu Yiqiang
Published: June 2021

Superior flexibility and biocompatibility accompanied by superb sensing abilities of nanocellulosic materials have remarkably promoted the application of piezoresistive strain sensors in the area of intelligent wearable and skin-attachable devices.
Revisiting CCL-type chemokines in breast cancer and its milieu: prominent targetable chemokines, CCL8 and CCL21
Authors: Unver Nese
Published: June 2021

The patterns of chemokine expression play a decisive role in both breast cancer prognosis and metastasis. In a recent article published in Bioscience Reports, ‘Bioinformatics identification of CCL8/21 as potential prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer microenvironment’, Chen et al. presented that expression of both CCL8 and CCL21 among CCL-type chemokines is prominent for prognosis of the breast cancer, metastasis and chemoresistance (Biosci Rep (2020) 40(11); DOI: 10.1042/BSR20202042). Identifying the sources of the CCL8 and CCL21 in the tumor microenvironment and developing targeting strategies for these chemokines to prevent tumor growth will improve both prognosis and therapeutic outcomes.
Obesity-associated cardiovascular risk in women: hypertension and heart failure
Authors: Faulkner Jessica L.
Published: June 2021

The pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases begins long prior to the presentation of a cardiovascular event. In both men and women, cardiovascular events, and their associated hospitalizations and mortality, are often clinically predisposed by the presentation of a chronic cardiovascular risk factor. Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in both sexes, however, the clinical prevalence of obesity, as well as its contribution to crucial cardiovascular risk factors is dependent on sex. The mechanisms via which obesity leads to cardiovascular risk is also discrepant in women between their premenopausal, pregnancy and postmenopausal phases of life. Emerging data indicate that at all reproductive statuses and ages, the presentation of a cardiovascular event in obese women is strongly associated with hypertension and its subsequent chronic risk factor, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In addition, emerging evidence indicates that obesity increases the risk of both hypertension and heart failure in pregnancy. This review will summarize clinical and experimental data on the female-specific prevalence and mechanisms of hypertension and heart failure in women across reproductive stages and highlight the particular risks in pregnancy as well as emerging data in a high-risk ethnicity in women of African ancestry (AA).
Optimal edge gateway deployment in internet of things based on simulated annealing with adaptive external penalty
Authors: Zhu Xiaorong , Xiao Fang , Wang Yue , Wang Yong
Published: June 2021

In the large scale Internet of things, edge gateway (EG) deployment is used to find the minimal number of gateways required in the network and their optimal locations under the design constraints to meet different service requirements, which is one significant issue for improving network performances. We formulate the EG deployment problem as a k‐median problem with some constraints, which is known as a NP‐hard problem. For that, we propose a new heuristic based on simulated annealing with external penalty function (SA‐AEP) for its solution. The external penalty function is used to transform the multi‐constrained optimization problem into a single constraint one. Also the complexity of proposed heuristic algorithm is analyzed. In addition, in order to evaluate the proposed algorithm, we compare it with an adaptive variable‐length particle swarm optimization algorithm with varying lengths. Simulation results show that the proposed SA‐AEP algorithm has much better performances on network cost and efficiency than other algorithms when the higher service rate is required.
The Cauchy method of analytical regularisation in the modelling of plane wave scattering by a flat pre‐fractal system of impedance strips
Authors: Koshovy George I.
Published: June 2021

The Cauchy method of analytical regularisation, first in full explanation, is used for the modelling of the plane wave scattering by a flat pre‐fractal system of impedance strips. It is based on a modification of the singular integral equation technique and the correct type of inversion formula of the simplest Cauchy singular integral equation. The approach is effective for the plane H‐polarised electromagnetic (or sonic) wave scattering problems. The principle of strict mathematical orderings of the pre‐fractal strip grating deals with a five‐parts class of perfect fractal sets, which is characterised by a variable positive fractal dimension. Considerable attention is devoted to the asymptotic model of the plane wave scattering by a sparsely filled grating, which has an explicit solution. This result is very important for verification of the mathematical models presented and testing of direct numerical methods. The scattered electromagnetic field in the far zone is successfully analysed with the aid of the asymptotic solution derived for electrically narrow strips.
Mapping a duck: geological features and region definitions on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Leon-Dasi M. , Besse S. , Grieger B. , Küppers M.
Published: June 2021

The data from the Rosetta mission have permitted a reconstruction of the shape of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and an identification of the terrains and features forming the surface. The peculiar shape of the comet has made it challenging to project these geological features onto an unambiguous frame. As a result, the geological maps published to date are created on top of comet images, making them dependent on the viewing angle and image resolution. To overcome this limitation, we present an integrated set of geological maps of the northern hemisphere of the comet, displayed in an unambiguous projection. The new maps combine the geological landmarks published in previous studies in a single framework and are completed with newly identified features. We have located the landmarks on OSIRIS images projected onto the surface of a three-dimensional shape model of the comet. For each region, the geological maps are displayed in the Quincuncial adaptive closed Kohonen (QuACK) map projection. The QuACK map solves the spatial ambiguity issues and reduces the shape and area distortions of classical global projections, which particularly affect the polar regions. The outcome of this research is a set of individual geological maps that are displayed both on top of OSIRIS images and in the QuACK map projection. These maps are analysed and grouped by similarities in terrain and morphology to find common characteristics that allow expanding our knowledge of the formation processes of comets. Based on this analysis, the north-south dichotomy is confirmed, and a redefinition of the regional boundaries is proposed for the Anubis-Atum and Aker-Babi frontiers. This research fills the gap in the field of mapping comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and provides an innovative method for treating the surface of highly irregular bodies.
The all-sky PLATO input catalogue
Authors: Montalto M. , Piotto G. , Marrese P. M. , Nascimbeni V. , Prisinzano L. , Granata V. , Marinoni S. , Desidera S. , Ortolani S. , Aerts C. , Alei E. , Altavilla G. , Benatti S. , Börner A. , Cabrera J. , Claudi R. , Deleuil M. , Fabrizio M. , Gizon L. , Goupil M. J. , Heras A. M. , Magrin D. , Malavolta L. , Mas-Hesse J. M. , Pagano I. , Paproth C. , Pertenais M. , Pollacco D. , Ragazzoni R. , Ramsay G. , Rauer H. , Udry S.
Published: June 2021

Context. The ESA PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) mission will search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. Because of telemetry limitations, PLATO targets need to be pre-selected.

Aims. In this paper, we present an all sky catalogue that will be fundamental to selecting the best PLATO fields and the most promising target stars, deriving their basic parameters, analysing the instrumental performances, and then planing and optimising follow-up observations. This catalogue also represents a valuable resource for the general definition of stellar samples optimised for the search of transiting planets.

Methods. We used Gaia Data Release 2 astrometry and photometry and 3D maps of the local interstellar medium to isolate FGK (V ≤ 13) and M (V ≤ 16) dwarfs and subgiant stars.

Results. We present the first public release of the all-sky PLATO input catalogue (asPIC1.1) containing a total of 2 675 539 stars including 2 378 177 FGK dwarfs and subgiants and 297 362 M dwarfs. The median distance in our sample is 428 pc for FGK stars and 146 pc for M dwarfs, respectively. We derived the reddening of our targets and developed an algorithm to estimate stellar fundamental parameters (Teff, radius, mass) from astrometric and photometric measurements.

Conclusions. We show that the overall (internal+external) uncertainties on the stellar parameter determined in the present study are ∼230 K (4%) for the effective temperatures, ∼0.1 R⊙ (9%) for the stellar radii, and ∼0.1 M⊙ (11%) for the stellar mass. We release a special target list containing all known planet hosts cross-matched with our catalogue.
Statistical study of electron density turbulence and ion-cyclotron waves in the inner heliosphere: Solar Orbiter observations
Authors: Carbone F. , Sorriso-Valvo L. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Steinvall K. , Vecchio A. , Telloni D. , Yordanova E. , Graham D. B. , Edberg N. J. T. , Eriksson A. I. , Johansson E. P. G. , Vásconez C. L. , Maksimovic M. , Bruno R. , D’Amicis R. , Bale S. D. , Chust T. , Krasnoselskikh V. , Kretzschmar M. , Lorfèvre E. , Plettemeier D. , Souček J. , Steller M. , Štverák Š. , Trávníček P. , Vaivads A. , Horbury T. S. , O’Brien H. , Angelini V. , Evans V.
Published: June 2021

Context.The recently released spacecraft potential measured by the RPW instrument on board Solar Orbiter has been used to estimate the solar wind electron density in the inner heliosphere.

Aims.The measurement of the solar wind’s electron density, taken in June 2020, has been analysed to obtain a thorough characterization of the turbulence and intermittency properties of the fluctuations. Magnetic field data have been used to describe the presence of ion-scale waves.

Methods.To study and quantify the properties of turbulence, we extracted selected intervals. We used empirical mode decomposition to obtain the generalized marginal Hilbert spectrum, equivalent to the structure functions analysis, which additionally reduced issues typical of non-stationary, short time series. The presence of waves was quantitatively determined by introducing a parameter describing the time-dependent, frequency-filtered wave power.

Results.A well-defined inertial range with power-law scalng was found almost everywhere in the sample studied. However, the Kolmogorov scaling and the typical intermittency effects are only present in fraction of the samples. Other intervals have shallower spectra and more irregular intermittency, which are not described by models of turbulence. These are observed predominantly during intervals of enhanced ion frequency wave activity. Comparisons with compressible magnetic field intermittency (from the MAG instrument) and with an estimate of the solar wind velocity (using electric and magnetic field) are also provided to give general context and help determine the cause of these anomalous fluctuations.
Detection of Rossby modes with even azimuthal orders using helioseismic normal-mode coupling
Authors: Mandal K. , Hanasoge S. M. , Gizon L.
Published: June 2021

Context. Retrograde Rossby waves, measured to have significant amplitudes in the Sun, likely have notable implications for various solar phenomena.

Aims. Rossby waves create small-amplitude, very-low frequency motions, on the order of the rotation rate and lower, which in turn shift the resonant frequencies and eigenfunctions of the acoustic modes of the Sun. The detection of even azimuthal orders Rossby modes using mode coupling presents additional challenges and prior work therefore only focused on odd orders. Here, we successfully extend the methodology to measure even azimuthal orders as well.

Methods. We analyze 4 and 8 years of Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) data and consider coupling between different-degree acoustic modes (of separations 1 and 3 in the harmonic degree). The technique uses couplings between different frequency bins to capture the temporal variability of the Rossby modes.

Results. We observe significant power close to the theoretical dispersion relation for sectoral Rossby modes, where the azimuthal order is the same as the harmonic degree, s = |t|. Our results are consistent with prior measurements of Rossby modes with azimuthal orders over the range t = 4 to 16 with maximum power occurring at mode t = 8. The amplitudes of these modes vary from 1 to 2 m s−1. We place an upper bound of 0.2 m s−1 on the sectoral t = 2 mode, which we do not detect in our measurements.

Conclusions. This effort adds credence to the mode-coupling methodology in helioseismology.
Low Cd content emitted by humans into the atmosphere
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Wei Linzhen , Fang Shubo , Lu Min , Yang Danfeng
Published: June 2021

According to the data in May, September and October 1993, the variation range of Cd content in the water body of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.07-0.23μg/L, which conforms to the national water quality standard of Class I. It indicated that in May, September and October, the water in the entire water area of Jiaozhou Bay was not contaminated by Cd content. In May, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.09-0.18μg/L. In the coastal waters of the north of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached a relatively high value, which was 0.18μg/L. In September, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.07-0.23μg/L. In the coastal waters of the east of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached the highest value, 0.23μg/L. In October, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.08-0.18μg/L. In the coastal waters of the east of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached a relative high value, 0.18μg/L. In terms of Cd content, the water quality of Jiaozhou Bay had reached high quality. The water was clean, and it was not polluted by Cd content at all. The Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay mainly came from two sources, the transport of surface runoff and the transport of atmospheric deposition. The Cd content from surface runoff transportation was 0.18μg/L, and the Cd content from atmospheric deposition transportation was 0.18-0.23μg/L. The Cd content transported by atmospheric deposition was very close to the Cd content transported by surface runoff, and was very low, ranging from 0.18 to 0.23μg/L, far less than 1.00 μg/L. This revealed that the humans had realized the importance of environmental protection, and the emissions to the environment were very low. The atmosphere, land and sea were not polluted by Cd content. The Cd content transported by atmospheric deposition 0.18-0.23μg/L ≥ the Cd content transported by surface runoff 0.18μg/L, which indicated that the Cd content was mainly discharged into the atmosphere by humans and then deposited on the land.
Study on Surface Grouting Reinforcement Effect of Small Clear Distance Tunnel in Soil-rock Composite Stratum
Authors: Peng Lu-qiang , Chen Shi-hai
Published: June 2021

Based on the Yingxiongshan tunnel project in Jinan, a numerical calculation model of tunnel excavation considering the surface grouting reinforcement effect of soil-rock composite stratum is established, and the effects of elastic modulus and grouting width of grouting reinforcement zone on tunnel stability are studied. and the research results are applied to the supporting project to verify the rationality of the numerical calculation results. The results show that grouting reinforcement can effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock and supporting structure, and the absolute value of surface settlement is negatively correlated with grouting width and elastic modulus. The surface settlement value is not sensitive to the change of the width of grouting reinforcement zone, but is sensitive to the change of elastic modulus.
Inversion analysis of strength parameters of loess cutting high slope in Jijiayuan, Shanxi
Authors: Xi Yu , Zhao Jifei , Li Gang
Published: June 2021

In the process of analyzing the stability of loess slope, determining the value of strength parameter c and φ is a much more complex problem, and there is not mature and systematic method. In this paper, the inverse analysis of the value c and φ in Shanxi Jijiayuan cutting loess slope, about 51.6m, by bishop method and Spencer method based on the statistical strength indexes. To analyze the stress of the slope used finite element and compare the inverse result and test data. The result indicates the value of c will control the stability of slopes in Q3 layer, and the value of φ will control the stability of slopes in Q2; the inverse result is close to the result with direct shear test when the moisture content is sample’s plastic limit moisture content. we can select strength parameters obtained though the direct and quick shear under the conditions that the soil sample’s moisture content is plastic limit moisture content for evaluation the slope stability. For the high slope, it should be cautious to select the φ in the lower part.
Influence of the initial hydrostatic pressure on contact area coefficient under drainage condition
Authors: Feng Chaoqun , Zhang Pei , Xu Chengshun , Du Xiuli
Published: June 2021

The expression of effective stress proposed by Terzaghi has always been questioned. Many correction formulas are modification of pore pressure term. The pore pressure factor is related to porosity, contact area and other factors. When the particles are in point contact, the expression of the effective stress is that proposed by Terzaghi, while for the surface contact particles, the actual effective stress increases the stress produced by pore pressure passing through the contact surface based on the Terzaghi effective stress. There are many factors that affect the development of contact area and pore pressure, therefore, a series of the drained triaxial tests were carried out on four groups of sand samples with different initial hydrostatic pressures to study the influence of different initial hydrostatic pressures on the effective stress due to the term of contact area (σα). The test results show that the shear strength is increases with the initial hydrostatic pressure under the same effective confining pressure, which indirectly indicates that the initial hydrostatic pressure increases the contact area stress.
Slope stability analysis considering seepage and stress coupling under water level fluctuation
Authors: YiLiang Zhou , Ming Li , ZiLong Li
Published: June 2021

The reservoir water level fluctuation is an important factor inducing the reaction of pore-water pressure, seepage and at last resulting in instability and failure of the slope. A typical homogeneous slope is conducted as an example in this paper, the seepage and stress coupling effect is considered, and the slope stability calculation and analysis are carried out by using the finite element stress method. The results demonstrate that the factor of safety increases with the reservoir water level rises, and then gradually changes from decrease to stabilization. It should be noted that the factor of safety decreases slightly during the initial stage of water level rising at the speed of 0.2 m/d, which the slope will probably lose its stability. On the other, the factor of safety changes from decrease to increase along with the reservoir water level drawdown, and then gradually tends to stabilization. There is a minimum factor of safety when the water level is at about 1/4 of the slope height, and the minimum factor of safety decreases with increasing drawdown speed, just as the factor of safety decreases from 0.83 to 0.73 when the drawdown speed is increased from 0.20 m/d to 5.0 m/d.
Application of FME Deterministic Model in the Calculation of a Reservoir Arch Dam
Authors: Zhang Rui , Shi Benjun , Cai Shuanglong , Wang Haojun
Published: June 2021

At present, the analysis of monitoring data for the stress of dam is mostly based on statistical models. However, the monitoring data of the stress on some arch dams have considerably large error, it is hard to build a reasonable statistic model based on the monitoring data. In order to solve the practical application problem of the project, this paper calculates the elastic modulus of the dam by using finite element analysis based on the displacement of the hydraulic component separated from the statistical model of horizontal displacement. Then according to the reversed elastic modulus, this paper has calculated the dam stress under different water levels and temperature conditions. Finally, it has built a stress-deterministic model of the dam.
Research on Water Conservancy Project Construction and Operation Management based on Cost Management
Authors: Xingwen Liu
Published: June 2021

With the development and progress of the economy and society, the management level of my country’s construction projects has also been greatly improved, especially in the construction of water conservancy projects, and the cost management in the process has made significant progress; the water conservancy industry is in order to improve the market of enterprises. Competitiveness, to increase the market share of the company, it is necessary to improve the management level of the company in an all-round way, and maximize the economic benefits of the company.In order to improve the efficiency of cost management and operation management in the construction of water conservancy projects, this study conducts a theoretical analysis of the project cost management, taking the reinforcement treatment of the expansion joints of the culverts of the main canal project of the first phase of the water diversion water supply as a research case, and analyzes the expansion joints of the culverts of the project. This paper conducts a comprehensive investigation, proposes a repair plan using chemical bonding with external TPO waterstop and PTN petroleum asphalt polyurethane joint material, and makes a detailed investment estimate for project implementation. The results show that the bonding externally attached TPO waterstop and PTN petroleum asphalt polyurethane joint materials can meet the needs of this design for strengthening and strengthening the waterstop of the expansion joint of the culvert. The total static investment of construction engineering, mechanical and electrical equipment and installation engineering, construction temporary engineering, independent costs and basic reserve costs is 4,585,800 yuan, of which the total cost of underdrain expansion joint treatment is 3,594,600 yuan, which is in line with expectations, indicating that the water conservancy project of this design. The cost management plan is feasible.
Research on Comprehensive Evaluation of Service Quality of Distribution Network Construction Unit Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Chen Xue , Chen Dacai , Li Jiyu , Lin Yifu , Lai Jutian
Published: June 2021

The service quality level of the construction unit plays an important role in improving the construction quality of the distribution network and the operating efficiency of the power grid enterprises. Therefore, this article combines the characteristics of the construction process management of the distribution network, aims to improve the service quality level of the construction unit, and combines the relevant system requirements of the power grid enterprise and the construction standardization management norms to construct a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for the service quality level of the construction unit; The analytic hierarchy process determines the index weights and evaluation methods, and provides technical guidance and reference for the power grid enterprises to reasonably carry out the service quality evaluation of the construction unit.
Perception and Behavioral Intention of Cycling Space on Urban Greenway
Authors: Qinhui Feng , Weiqiang Wang , Maalla Allam
Published: June 2021

To explore the spatial power and spatial relationship of urban greenway sports cultural memory, using literature data induction analysis method, questionnaire survey method, interview method, and other research methods, the connotation of urban greenway sports cultural memory is analyzed, and the urban greenway sports are explained. Using Lefebvre’s ternary dialectics to study the production process of Guangzhou greenway’s sports cultural memory space, its spatial practice is in the interpretation of Guangzhou’s Greenway sports cultural memory. The government is the leading force in the memory of greenway sports culture. It is a necessary prerequisite for the cultural memory of greenway sports, and the public is the main body of the cultural memory of greenway sports. The spatial representation is in the context of the cultural memory of greenway sports, sorting out the hard memory and soft memory in the memory field of Guangzhou Greenway Sports Culture. The representational space is the sports cultural memory space experienced by the greenway activists, space directly “lived” by the greenway activists, and the internalization of the cognition, experience, and spatial representation of the sport’s cultural memory of the greenway activists.
Study on Construction Technology of Tunnel Entrance on High Steep Slope of Sichuan-Tibet Railway
Authors: Liu Yishuo , Wang Qiangxun , Guo Jiantao , Gao Wenyuan , Li Jingge
Published: June 2021

The geological environment along the Sichuan-Tibet railway has the characteristics of plate splitting, frequent geological disasters, complex topography, large topography, cold climate, high cold and anoxia, etc. It is recognized by the world as one of the most difficult projects so far. Based on the construction of the tunnel entrance on the high and steep slope of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, this paper conducts research on the construction of the tunnel construction, the reinforcement of the tunnel entrance and the protection of high and steep slopes. The integrated” tunnel entrance reinforcement system and the “carbon fiber lightweight active protection net” technology for slope protection are expected to provide a reference for the construction of the tunnel entrance of the Sichuan-Tibet railway high and steep slope.
Robust duality for generalized convex nonsmooth vector programs with uncertain data in constraints
Authors: Ahmad Izhar , Kaur Arshpreet , Sharma Mahesh Kumar
Published: June 2021

Robust optimization has come out to be a potent approach to study mathematical problems with data uncertainty. We use robust optimization to study a nonsmooth nonconvex mathematical program over cones with data uncertainty containing generalized convex functions. We study sufficient optimality conditions for the problem. Then we construct its robust dual problem and provide appropriate duality theorems which show the relation between uncertainty problems and their corresponding robust dual problems.
Products from mammoth Tusk in Yakutia in the 18th century (based on the materials of funerary monuments)
Authors: Prokopieva Aleksandra , Sleptsova Aytalina
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of products made from mammoth Tusk in Yakut burials of the 18th century. The work is based on literary and archival as well as on the collections of the museums. Analysis of products made from mammoth Tusk showed that they were not widely distributed among the Yakuts. This could be due to the fact that in the religious beliefs of the peoples of Yakutia the mammoth had a negative colour. Two movements of carving from a mammoth Tusk in the 18th century were revealed. The first movement was based on the traditions and techniques of local carving, and the second one was based on imitation of the Northern Russian school.
The fishery in the northern regions of the Far East of the USSR in the context of late Soviet modernization
Authors: Platonova Nonna
Published: June 2021

The article describes the development of the fishing industry in Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and Magadan regions in 1965-1985. In a general historical context, the article pays attention to the modernization processes in the fishery of the northern regions of the Far Eastern territory, emphasizing general trends and differences in their dynamics. The special importance and level of development of the material and technical base of the fishing industry is noted. The article reveals the working conditions of ship repair enterprises and the reasons for the financial deficit of ship repair. Statistical data on the accident rate of fishing vessels of the branch administrations of Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and Magadan are analyzed. The results of the introduction of 200-mile economic zones that complicated the fishing activities of enterprises and the fleet of the fishing industry in the northern regions of the Soviet Far East are shown. It was found that social and economic experiments in the late Soviet period and modernization, which was carried out from above by the political elite, did not eliminate disproportions in the development of the fishery. Territorial remoteness, difficulties of timely material and technical supply and ship repair and maintenance problems were difficult-to-overcome challenges which accelerated the systemic crisis in the fishery.
The role of the state in ensuring digital transformation of banking sector
Authors: Bubnova Yulia B.
Published: June 2021

In the age of digital technologies, the main factor of competitiveness in the financial market is “digital capital”. Using developments in the field of information technology, banks change the format and methods of providing their products and services, participate in the provision of services that are not typical for them. In such circumstances, banks have to completely transform their business and build it on the basis of platforms. Changes in the operating conditions of the financial market entail changes in the rules of conduct on it and approaches to its regulation. Investing in technologies, creating and developing ecosystems require significant financial investments from banks, which not all banks can afford. This research analyzes the possibilities of using digital capital by the most successful Russian banks in building and developing ecosystems. The main models of banking ecosystems used in Russian practice are systematized. The necessity of state participation in financial support of the digital transformation of the banking sector is justified. The steps taken by the Bank of Russia in this direction are evaluated. The article summarizes the Bank of Russia’s efforts to develop approaches to financial market regulation to ensure information security and prevent financial isolation. Steps taken by the regulator to ensure an equal access to financial services for all citizens, equal opportunities for competition of various financial market players.
The indigenous methodology as a method for studying social processes in the arctic
Authors: Vinokurova Ulyana , Mestnikova Akulina , Alekseeva Galina
Published: June 2021

In 2020, under the guidance of Doctor of Sociological Sciences Ulyana Vinokurova, the textbook “Social Processes in the Arctic” was published. It presents results of the studies on the sociology of the Arctic as a circumpolar macro-region conducted by sociologists of Yakutia. The textbook is the beginning of the series “Sociology in the Arctic” and the scientific and educational project of Arctic research, which forms the basis of Arctic education. This article presents the summary 4 modules containing the results of scientific research introduced into the educational disciplines of the social and humanitarian cycle. The first module presents the theoretical part; the second module is “The Arctic as a social phenomenon”; module 3 is “Social dynamics in the Arctic”; module 4 is “Social differentiation”. Special attention is paid to the social processes in the Arctic investigated with the indigenous methodology, factors of stability and risks of geo-eco-socio-systems of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic. This manual creates an opportunity for an independent search for information, trends in socio-humanitarian knowledge in Arctic studies.
Economic connectivity of international transport corridor projects and the trans-Siberian railway
Authors: Khazheeva Mariia A. , Bondarchuk Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2021

The development of Russia’s foreign economic potential in the current conditions of globalization is inextricably linked with the assessment of the prospects for implementing the country’s transport and infrastructure potential. The importance of transport in the conditions of increasing instability of the world economy is a factor in the sustainability of the national economy. Implementing a cluster approach to the development of an efficient and modern transport and logistics infrastructure will help to accelerate the movement of goods and reduce costs in international trade, as well as the consistent integration of the country’s transport system into the global network of international transport corridors. Hence, the Trans-Siberian Railway occupies a leading place in the Russian state policy on the formation of international transport corridors of latitudinal striking. The Trans-Siberian Railway’s ability to provide international transit container transportation as an alternative to the traditional sea route is being considered. In this regard, consideration of the prospects for integrating the projects of international transport corridors with the participation of the Trans-Siberian Railway is most relevant. This article discusses both economic, technological and political factors that influence the potential effectiveness of this project. The prospect for the development and integration of the Trans-Siberian Railway with the Trans-Korean Railway leads to the creation of an effective transport corridor for the foreign trade of the countries of Southeast Asia and Europe, primarily the Republic of Korea with the EU countries, as well as with Russia. Analysis of the foreign trade turnover of these participants of economic cooperation shows the perspective of dynamics and the huge potential of foreign trade. Attention is focused, on the one hand, on the competitive advantages of the Trans-Siberian Railway, including an increase in throughput capacity, which is largely due to the use of the polygon management model.
Human capital of Arctic Yakutia as a resource of ethnic group resilience
Authors: Baisheva Sargylana
Published: June 2021

In the Strategy of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period up to 2035, an important role is given to human resources in the industrial development of the region. It was found that a whole range of factors influences the formation and use of human resources. These are an unfavorable demographic situation, migration processes associated with the outflow of the able-bodied population, a low standard of living, an unsatisfactory state of social infrastructure, transport inaccessibility, poor efficiency of public administration and impact on the development of territories inhabited by small people ethnic groups. As a result of our research, we identified indicators of a sociological assessment of labor adaptation of the economically active population and the main trends in employment against the background of problems of stability and vulnerability of indigenous communities. In general, the absence of a systematic, complex interaction between government bodies, local governments, the business community and the population itself complicates the sustainable development of the Arctic regions in the future. For the further development of the Arctic, special attention should be paid to the adaptation strategies of the aboriginal community, taking into account the personal resource.
Transport logistics and interaction of participants in the russian transport market
Authors: Smirnov Vladimir P.
Published: June 2021

Logistics processes are becoming more widespread in the Russian economy. Transport logistics is an integral part of logistics. Its functions are to select the optimal routes for the movement of economic goods in the interests of all participants in these processes. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the methods of solving the main problems of transport logistics in Russian conditions. The study uses a systematic approach. Based on it, algorithms for solving transport logistics problems in the Russian economy are refined, the choice of transport mode, carrier and other logistics partners is ensured, rational delivery routes are determined, the technological unity of transport and warehouse processes is established, and the optimization of transport process parameters is achieved. The emerging flow processes must be interconnected through the integration of transport, production, supply, sales, consumption, service, financing and information. In the associated flow processes, the economic interests of all participants in the transport market (the sender, who forms the material flows, the recipient and the carrier) will be rationally coordinated with the economic interests of other participants in the logistics process. This will help overcome technical, technological, informational, economic, financial, international, environmental, and labor problems. In this case, transaction costs are reduced by all participants in logistics chains, the risks of doing business are reduced, and a synergistic effect is achieved.
Function-Preserving Neurotized Lateral Arm Free Flap in the Reconstruction of Hemiglossectomy Defects
Authors: Prakash Divya , Balakrishnan T. M. , Jaganmohan J.
Published: June 2021

Introduction and Methods The glabrous, thin, and pliable texture of lateral arm flap with no loss of any axial vessel of the limb renders it a good choice for hemiglossectomy defect reconstruction. The main caveat of this flap harvest is the loss of sensation in the distribution of posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve (PABCN). In this article, we present two strategic sites and techniques to preserve the integrity of PABCN and at the same time harvesting lateral arm flap with a lengthy lower lateral cutaneous nerve of arm for the neurotization. The outcome of this function-preserving neurotized lateral arm free flap in the reconstruction of hemiglossectomy defects is analyzed and presented in this article.

Results Ninety percent of the patients attained grade 3 score in objective assessment, leading to a significant p-value of 0.02 with this technique. All had preservation of sensation in the distribution of PABCN.

Conclusion Our technique of harvest and neurotization has brought good functional recovery of the oral cavity with preservation of PABCN.
Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Bresson-Hadni Solange , Spahr Laurent , Chappuis François
Published: June 2021

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is a rare but severe zoonosis caused by the pseudotumoral intrahepatic development of the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. HAE is present only in the Northern Hemisphere, predominantly in China. Currently, there is a significant resurgence of cases in historically endemic areas associated with emergence of HAE in countries not previously concerned. Today, in European countries, HAE is often discovered by chance; however, clinicians should be made aware of opportunistic infections that progressively emerged recently as a result of therapeutic or pathological immunosuppression. Ultrasonography is the key first-line diagnostic procedure, with specific serology providing confirmation in 95% of the cases. Albendazole, only parasitostatic, is the mainstay for treatment. Surgical resection, if feasible, is the gold standard for treatment, and more patients are currently eligible for this option because of an earlier diagnosis. The prognosis has considerably improved but remains poor in countries where access to care is less favorable.
Deeply sub-wavelength non-contact optical metrology of sub-wavelength objects
Authors: Rendón-Barraza Carolina , Chan Eng Aik , Yuan Guanghui , Adamo Giorgio , Pu Tanchao , Zheludev Nikolay I.
Published: June 2021

Microscopes and various forms of interferometers have been used for decades in optical metrology of objects that are typically larger than the wavelength of light λ. Metrology of sub-wavelength objects, however, was deemed impossible due to the diffraction limit. We report the measurement of the physical size of sub-wavelength objects with deeply sub-wavelength accuracy by analyzing the diffraction pattern of coherent light scattered by the objects with deep learning enabled analysis. With a 633 nm laser, we show that the width of sub-wavelength slits in an opaque screen can be measured with an accuracy of ∼λ/130 for a single-shot measurement or ∼λ/260 (i.e., 2.4 nm) when combining measurements of diffraction patterns at different distances from the object, thus challenging the accuracy of scanning electron microscopy and ion beam lithography. In numerical experiments, we show that the technique could reach an accuracy beyond λ/1000. It is suitable for high-rate non-contact measurements of nanometric sizes of randomly positioned objects in smart manufacturing applications with integrated metrology and processing tools.
Engineering the spin conversion in graphene monolayer epitaxial structures
Authors: Anadón Alberto , Gudín Adrián , Guerrero Rubén , Arnay Iciar , Guedeja-Marron Alejandra , Jiménez-Cavero Pilar , Díez Toledano Jose Manuel , Ajejas Fernando , Varela María , Petit-Watelot Sebastien , Lucas Irene , Morellón Luis , Algarabel Pedro Antonio , Ibarra Manuel Ricardo , Miranda Rodolfo , Camarero Julio , Rojas-Sánchez Juan Carlos , Perna Paolo
Published: June 2021

Spin Hall and Rashba–Edelstein effects, which are spin-to-charge conversion phenomena due to spin–orbit coupling (SOC), are attracting increasing interest as pathways to manage rapidly and at low consumption cost the storage and processing of a large amount of data in spintronic devices as well as more efficient energy harvesting by spin-caloritronics devices. Materials with large SOC, such as heavy metals (HMs), are traditionally employed to get large spin-to-charge conversion. More recently, the use of graphene (gr) in proximity with large SOC layers has been proposed as an efficient and tunable spin transport channel. Here, we explore the role of a graphene monolayer between Co and a HM and its interfacial spin transport properties by means of thermo-spin measurements. The gr/HM (Pt and Ta) stacks have been prepared on epitaxial Ir(111)/Co(111) structures grown on sapphire crystals, in which the spin detector (i.e., top HM) and the spin injector (i.e., Co) are all grown in situ under controlled conditions and present clean and sharp interfaces. We find that a gr monolayer retains the spin current injected into the HM from the bottom Co layer. This has been observed by detecting a net reduction in the sum of the spin Seebeck and interfacial contributions due to the presence of gr and independent from the spin Hall angle sign of the HM used.
Hot Raman amplification
Authors: Haberberger D. , Davies A. , Shaw J. L. , Follett R. K. , Palastro J. P. , Froula D. H.
Published: June 2021

A parameter regime is identified for Raman amplification at high temperatures, where deleterious laser–plasma instabilities that limit current amplification experiments are avoided, yet sufficient gain for an effective power amplifier is attained. Calculations and kinetic simulations show that even at high temperatures, an amplifier is able to satisfy the criteria set forth to present a proof-of-principle system scalable to high powers, where energy transfer efficiencies are ≥30%, intensity gains are ≥10, and output intensities are ≥100× the pump intensity.