bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quand la psychothérapie est dévoyée à des fins d’aliénation : pratiques des groupes à caractère sectaire
Authors: Guerard Delphine
Published: November 2018

La psychothérapie comme outil de travail sur soi est dévoyée dans les sectes de par le dispositif totalitaire mis en place par le maître-thérapeute, mais aussi de par sa pratique anti-psychothérapeutique et ses procédés désingularisants et désubjectivants. Au service du désir du maître-thérapeute, c’est-à-dire celui de mettre l’individu dans un état d’assujettissement, ses effets d’emprise sur le corps et sur le psychisme, mais aussi ses effets déstructurants altèrent profondément l’intégrité psychique.
Petite escale dans la ville aux cinq ports
Authors: Lego Gaëlle
Published: November 2018

Depuis 2005, la loi prévoit la création de nouveaux lieux d’accueils sociaux : les groupes d’entraide mutuelle, à partir de l’officialisation de pratiques « de terrain ». Ceux-ci sont des espaces non médicalisés dont les adhérents peuvent inventer leur propre usage, chacun à leur manière. Sur un plan politique, ces dispositifs d’entraide mutuelle sont des îlots de résistance face à l’effritement des liens sociaux de notre postmodernité. Ces lieux organisés dans la Cité permettent bien souvent de lutter contre la solitude, et s’inscrivent en complément d’un parcours de soin, si nécessaire.
Ce que parler veut dire. L’animation de groupes de parole
Authors: Rouzel Joseph
Published: November 2018

Les travailleurs du social, du soin, de l’enseignement… n’ont pas tiré toutes les conséquences de cette évidence : la relation avec les personnes prises en charge s’engage avant tout dans la parole. Au-delà de l’aide, des prestations matérielles, des soins, des connaissances apportés légitimement à des personnes en souffrance ou en difficulté, l’action sociale, au sens large, se fonde avant tout sur des paroles échangées. D’où l’importance des espaces de parole dans les pratiques sociales. Mais qu’est-ce que parler veut dire ? Existe-t-il des techniques pour se repérer dans cette pratique de lien social ? Comment se situer dans l’animation d’un groupe de parole ? Quelle place pour les interlocuteurs ? Comment cerner les objectifs et les moyens à mettre en œuvre ? Comment préserver un cadre ? Qu’en est-il des effets de transfert dans les relations au sein du groupe ?
« Parler est un besoin, écouter est un savoir »
Authors: Renault Vincent , Morvan Lauriane , Marsil Cassandre
Published: November 2018

Ce texte aborde l’actualité et les intérêts thérapeutiques de l’outil qu’est un groupe de parole en psychiatrie adulte. Nous y développons l’accueil spécifique de cette parole, avec le rapport au langage, singulier pour les sujets psychotiques. Nous souhaitons apporter notre contribution théorico-clinique et transmettre ce que cette expérience nous a apporté pour notre pratique professionnelle.
Le scénodrame, un enveloppement groupal de l’individuel
Authors: Brizard Yonnel , Roumegoux Françoise , Senechal Michel
Published: November 2018

Le scénodrame est un soin psychothérapeutique de groupe qui consiste en l’élaboration de scenarii et leur mise en figuration à l’aide d’objets symboliques, d’objets limites et d’objets indifférenciés, également répartis entre enfants et thérapeute, autour d’une petite table. Ce dispositif aide à la métaphorisation grâce à ses effets contenants et à la diversité des objets confiés à chacun des enfants pour qu’ils réalisent des mises en scène de scenarii personnels et leur mise en jeu groupale. Le texte présente des séquences vécues par des enfants âgés de 5 à 9 ans présentant des troubles de la symbolisation et du langage.
Réflexions sur les groupes corporels
Authors: Manouvrier Mathilde
Published: November 2018

Comment penser le cadre de nos groupes corporels au sein d’un hôpital de jour d’un service de pédopsychiatrie ? Nos exigences semblent parfois porter sur des impossibilités psychiques des jeunes enfants que nous recevons. Qu’est-ce qui empêche ces enfants de « faire groupe » ? Illustré par des vignettes cliniques et en appui sur des théories développementales et psychanalytiques, nous proposons un éclairage pour le comprendre.
Mal-être dans le groupe soignant : la professionnalité empêchée de l’infirmier-ère en psychiatrie
Authors: Tregouet Stéphane
Published: November 2018

Quand le groupe soignant va mal, comment peut-il faire soin ? Les tendances lourdes gestionnaires et technicistes qui minent actuellement la psychiatrie ont des retentissements sur les possibilités de faire soin pour les équipes soignantes. Les approches psychodynamiques, le travail du transfert sont malmenés par les nouvelles organisations et préconisations. Il est alors du rôle des cadres de tenir ce cadre soignant, de faire que les équipes existent et fonctionnent, d’accompagner les jeunes professionnels sur des chemins de libération.
À l’envers du décor
Authors: Hervé Jane
Published: November 2018

Qu’apprend-on pour soi, en tant que thérapeute, en vivant comme patient un groupe de thérapie ? Un questionnement issu d’une expérience personnelle, permettant une véritable réflexion qui pourrait faire écho.
Peut-on « habiter » un foyer d’hébergement ?
Authors: Morand Pierre
Published: November 2018

Ma pratique quotidienne d’éducateur spécialisé dans un foyer d’hébergement m’a amené à interroger la manière dont habitants et professionnels occupent cet espace. Un regard ethnographique témoigne d’attitudes professionnelles formant des obstacles au pouvoir des habitants de s’approprier leur espace. Assignées dans une position de liminalité, les personnes restent sur le seuil de leur habitation.
Une thérapie sous mandat judiciaire
Authors: Bartoloni Carla
Published: November 2018

L’auteur a effectué une transcription des entretiens d’une démarche de thérapie familiale conduite sous obligation de justice. La nature non volontaire de l’engagement des parents est interrogée. Cependant, des productions positives sont identifiables, dont l’exploitation reste en suspens.
Une session de formation à Saint-Alban
Authors: Chambrin Hervé
Published: November 2018

Cet article présente une session de formation de moniteurs-éducateurs centrée sur la psychothérapie institutionnelle. Cette session a lieu dans le cadre des rencontres annuelles de psychothérapie institutionnelle organisées à l’hôpital de Saint-Alban.
Drains Are Not Beneficial in Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Frye Brandon D. , Hannon Paul , Santoni Brandon G. , Nydick Jason A.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine if clinical differences exist between closed drainage use in primary shoulder arthroplasty and postoperative complications. A retrospective review was performed of all primary total shoulder and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty procedures at the authors' institution during a 2-year period. A total of 378 of 636 shoulder arthroplasty patients met inclusion criteria. Drains were used in 111 patients. The authors did not identify a significant relationship between drain use and postoperative complications. When complications were stratified just by the presence or absence of risk factors, irrespective of whether a drain was used, no significant relationship was identified. This study does not support the routine use of closed drainage systems in primary shoulder arthroplasty, including for patients with risk factors for potentially developing postoperative complications. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e29–e31.]
Bipolar Disorder in CHILDREN
Authors: Mohr Wanda K
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

This article presents an overview of bipolar disorder (BPD) in children, a condition that only recently has been recognized as a legitimate diagnosis. Bipolar disorder in children is underrecognized for many reasons including lack of awareness, diagnostic confusion, and the different clinical picture in children. Available data strongly suggest that prepubertal childhood BPD is a non-episodic, chronic, rapid cycling, mixed manic state. It may be comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) or it may demonstrate features of ADHD and CD, further complicating recognition and subsequent treatment. Treatment issues are discussed, and some reasons for the urgency of early recognition and treatment are explained.
Globalizacion y estado del bienestar
Authors: Fernandez Albertos José
Published: November 2018

Con cada vez más frecuencia encontramos en el debate público argumentos que ligan la creciente internacionalización económica con la (supuesta) crisis de la capacidad del Estado para intervenir en la sociedad. En el artículo intento mostrar pruebas contra esta visión en exceso simplista del fenómeno de la globalización. Ofrezco dos argumentos por los cuales los Estados pueden no estar atravesando esa supuesta crisis. Por un lado, los gobiernos nacionales han sido actores centrales en la creación de un nuevo orden económico más internacionalizado. Por otro, la evidencia existente hasta la fecha indica que mayores niveles de apertura económica no conllevan menor intervencionismo estatal. Antes al contrario, es previsible que los gobiernos se vean impulsados a responder con nuevas actuaciones en la esfera económica a causa de las crecientes demandas de grupos negativamente afectados por la internacionalización. Utilizando estos argumentos, la última sección del artículo examina el proceso de integración europea, fenómeno que suele ser utilizado como ejemplo paradigmático de pérdida de poder del Estado.
Portugal: uma semiperiferia reconfigurada
Authors: Santos Ana Cordeiro , Reis José
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo retoma a análise da condição semiperiférica da economia portuguesa iniciada há duas décadas e meia. Ao fazê-lo assume a pertinência e a atualidade do conceito de semiperiferia como referencial teórico. Argumenta-se que o processo de integração na União Europeia redefiniu a condição semiperiférica da economia portuguesa, acentuando a sua posição de periferia europeia. Apesar das transformações por que passou, a economia portuguesa continua a ser marcada por uma forte heterogeneidade e por desequilíbrios, cuja interpretação é facilitada pela consideração da natureza intermédia das suas estruturas económicas, sociais e políticas. O maior dos desequilíbrios de hoje decorre da inserção da economia nos circuitos financeiros internacionais, garantindo o desejado escoamento dos excedentes de países centrais, através do crédito que estes também concedem para a aquisição dos excedentes.
The art of not being legible
Authors: Kelly Piers
Published: November 2018

James C. Scott argued that the traditional non-literacy of highland minorities in mainland Southeast Asia may belong to a wider pattern of state evasion whereby lowland practices, including literacy, are strategically rejected. This position ignores the moral and material value attributed to literacy in upland folklore, as well as the many radical messianic movements that purported to bring writing back to the highlands. I review nine such cases of recuperated literacy among Southeast Asian minorities, all of which were created in circumstances of violent conflict with lowland states. Leaders of these movements recognised literacy as an important vehicle of state power, but their appropriation of writing was limited to very specific purposes and domains. In short, the new literacy practices did not mirror the ordinary bureaucratic uses in lowland states. Instead, writing became a symbolic instrument for building state-like institutions of resistance.
De la figure à l’écriture
Authors: Ferrara Silvia
Published: November 2018

Restituer les conditions d’émergence autonome d’un système de transcription du langage, en Crète, au tournant du troisième et du deuxième millénaire avant notre ère, tel est l’enjeu de cet article. L’auteure propose de mettre les plus anciennes traces écrites de l’île en perspective avec la transformation des règles de la figuration sur les sceaux gravés des époques pré- et proto-palatiale, dont les motifs évoluent vers des représentations iconiques, des codifications ordonnées et des expressions symboliques. Bien que l’écriture hiéroglyphique minoenne demeure indéchiffrable, l’analyse des inscriptions permet de distinguer quelques éléments de structure sémantique et d’identifier le moment où s’établit une forme de codage phonétique.
Between writing and art
Authors: Sarró Ramon
Published: November 2018

The Mandombe, graphic system invented by David Wabeladio Payi, responds to complex logic. As a system of writing and artistic creation, entirely conceived from the 5 and 2-shaped symbols that Wabeladio recognized in the lines joining the bricks of the wall of his bedroom, the Mandombe is a good example of writing that does not respond to the great classical functions. Wabeladio chose to prioritize mathematical elegance over ease, the spirit of system on simple efficiency, developing a script serving more support for the semiotic or aesthetic imagination than a simple transcription of languages.
Entre écriture et art
Authors: Sarró Ramon
Published: November 2018

Le mandombe, système graphique inventé par David Wabeladio Payi, répond à des logiques complexes. À la fois système d’écriture et de création artistique, entièrement conçu à partir des symboles en forme de 5 et de 2 que Wabeladio reconnaissait dans les lignes joignant les briques du mur de sa chambre, le mandombe est un bon exemple d’écriture qui ne répond pas aux grandes fonctions classiques. Wabeladio a choisi de faire primer l’élégance mathématique sur l’aisance, l’esprit de système sur la simple efficacité, développant ainsi un script servant plus de support à l’imagination sémiotique ou esthétique qu’à une simple transcription de langues.
Atlas des langues
Authors: Simon Fabien
Published: November 2018

L’Atlas linguistique est constitué selon deux axes complémentaires : collecter (les langues/les écritures) et inventer (une langue/une écriture). D’un côté, la confrontation à la diversité des langues, dont on tente de déterminer le périmètre ; de l’autre, la tentative de la contrecarrer en revenant à une langue unique. La collecte de tous les idiomes vise à inventorier la nature ; les langues inventées veulent l’autopsier. La dimension cryptographique assumée des langues universelles les constitue en incitation à décrypter le livre de la nature en même temps que l’on décrypte l’écriture elle-même. Mais, paradoxalement, elle réserve aussi ces systèmes de signes destinés à être compris par tous, comme les « caractères réels » de John Wilkins, à un petit nombre de maîtres de ce savoir. Dans ce portfolio, Fabien Simon exhume les interprétations de différentes écritures, de la Renaissance au début du xviiie siècle.
Du lisible au visible
Authors: Vincent Cédric
Published: November 2018

Cet article prend comme point de départ une carte dessinée de Frédéric Bruly Bouabré afin de décrire la présentation de son syllabaire, conçu en 1956 pour transcrire la langue bété, au sein de l’évolution de sa pratique dessinée. Il peut paraître anecdotique de s’intéresser à un seul dessin tant nous avons été habitués à saisir la production de l’artiste ivoirien par le prisme de ses séries. Cette carte offre cependant un support de choix pour suivre la dynamique qui trame la relation entre ces deux pans de son répertoire créatif – la série Alphabet bété (1991) marquant l’étape décisive dans leur rencontre.
Immunosuppression-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an acute leukemia case
Authors: Malkan Umit Y. , Gunes Gursel , Demiroglu Haluk , Goker Hakan
Published: November 2018

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) was described in 1996. Herein, we aimed to report an immunosuppression- related PRES case. A 34-year-old woman was diagnosed as t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed. Cyclosporine was given for GVHD prophylaxis in addition to the other routine medications of HSCT. She was hospitalized for acute renal failure and due to the possible contribution of acute renal failure cyclosporine was stopped. Tacrolimus was started for GVHD prophylaxis at a dose of 1 mg/day. However, fifteen days after the initiation of tacrolimus, blurred vision occurred in our patient. Petechial bleeding sites were detected in bilateral cerebral and cerebellar hemisphere by MR imaging. Tacrolimus dosage was reduced to 0.5 mg/day. She had hypertension which was difficult to control and followed-up in the intensive care unit. She had seizures. Control cranial MR resulted as diffusion limitation in bilateral cerebellar hemisphere, bilateral occipital and frontal-parietal regions with vasogenic edema findings; contrast involvement in left frontal-parietal and right cerebellar regions. She had vision loss and lethargy. Control cranial MR favored PRES syndrome secondary to immunosuppression. Hypertensive state was taken under control with antihypertensive treatment and all immunosuppressive agents were stopped. Two weeks later her clinical condition was slightly improved. MR test which was conducted 2 weeks after the diagnosis revealed the regression of PRES lesions. The characteristic signs on neuroimaging are the symmetrical white matter edema in the posterior cerebral hemispheres, particularly the parietal- occipital regions. In conclusion, PRES rarely develops secondary to the immunosuppressive agents and the clinicians should suspect and promptly diagnose PRES which might cause otherwise serious irreversible clinical complications.
Aortic Valve Endocarditis with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: A Rare Zoonosis
Authors: Nielsen Jenny Jónsdóttir , Blomberg Bjørn , Gaïni Shahin , Lundemoen Steinar
Published: November 2018

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae has an economic impact in animal husbandry by causing infection in swine, sheep and poultry. E. rhusiopathiae is present in the surface mucoid slime on fish, although fishes do not seem to be affected. Humans can get infected, maost often through occupational exposure and may suffer typical erysipeloid infection on exposed skin such as on hands and fingers, or deeper skin infections, and sometimes sepsis and endocarditis, associated with high case-fatality rate. We describe a case of aortic valve endocarditis caused by E. rhusiopathiae in a 59-year-old man who enjoyed fishing in his spare time.
Asian mental health and use of drama therapy for acculturative family distancing in immigrant families
Authors: Sampathi Bharat R.
Published: November 2018

Not available
Antipsychotics and rashes
Authors: Lin Jessica
Published: November 2018

Not available
The Influence of Athletic Trainers on the Incidence and Management of Concussions in High School Athletes
Authors: McGuine Timothy A. , Pfaller Adam Y. , Post Eric G. , Hetzel Scott J. , Brooks Alison , Broglio Steven P.
Published: November 2018

Context

In many US high schools, the athletic trainer (AT) has the responsibility to identify and manage athletes with concussions. Although the availability of ATs varies a great deal among schools, how the level of AT availability in high schools affects the reported incidence and management of sport-related concussions (SRCs) is unknown.

Objective

To determine how the presence of an AT affects the reporting and management of SRCs.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 2459 (female = 37.5%, age = 16.1 ± 1.2 years) athletes from 31 Wisconsin high schools were categorized as having low availability (LoAT), mid availability (MidAT), or high availability (HiAT) of ATs. Athletic trainers recorded the incidence, days lost from sport, and postconcussion management through return to sport. The incidence of SRC reporting among categories was examined using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Fisher exact tests were used to determine if postconcussion management differed based on AT availability.

Results

The incidence of reported SRCs was lower for the LoAT schools (2.4%) compared with the MidAT (5.6%, hazard ratio = 2.59, P = .043) and HiAT (7.0%, hazard ratio = 3.33, P = .002) schools. The median time before the first AT interaction was longer for LoAT schools (24.0 hours) than for MidAT (0.5 hours, post hoc P = .012) and HiAT (0.2 hours, post hoc P = .023) schools. The number of post-SRC interactions was different in all groups (LoAT = 2 interactions, MidAT = 3, and HiAT = 4; all post hoc P values < .05). Days lost were greater for MidAT and HiAT (both 14 days lost) schools compared with LoAT schools (11.5 days lost, post hoc P = .231 and P = .029, respectively). Athletes at LoAT schools were less likely to undergo a return-to-play protocol (9/18 SRCs, 50.0%) than athletes at MidAT (44/47 SRCs, 93.6%; post hoc P = .001) or HiAT (64/64 SRCs, 100%; post hoc P < .001) schools.

Conclusions

The level of AT availability positively influenced the reported incidence of SRCs as well as postconcussion management activities in this sample of high schools.
Women liberation in church and political organisation governance: Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa and African National Congress perspectives
Authors: Modise Leepo J.
Published: November 2018

This article consists of six parts: firstly, the author will provide orientation on how this research was conducted and the origin as well as the motivation to pursue this research study. Secondly, concepts like gender, equality and human dignity will be defined and clarified to give the reader a better understanding of these main concepts in this article. Thirdly, the position of theologians on the struggle against gender will be discussed. Fourthly, gender policies of the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA) and the African National Congress (ANC) will be discussed to explore the correlation between URCSA gender policy and ANC gender policy. Fifthly, the shortcomings in terms of the implementation of these gender policies during an elective conference or synod will be stated. Finally, the author will provide findings and recommendations that can assist to improve the implementation of these policies.
Detection of Salmonella from animal sources in South Africa between 2007 and 2014
Authors: Gelaw Awoke K. , Nthaba Palesa , Matle Itumeleng
Published: November 2018

Retrospective laboratory-based surveillance was conducted on Salmonella serotypes isolated from various animal species from 2007 to 2014 at the Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Institute, South Africa. During the surveillance period, 1229 salmonellae isolations were recorded. Around 108 different serotypes were recovered from nine different food and non-food animal host species. The three most common serotypes were Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serotype Heidelberg (n = 200), Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Enteritidis (n = 170) and Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhimurium (n = 146). These were followed by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Anatum (n = 62) and Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serotype Infantis (n = 57). Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Schwarzengrund and Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserotype Muenchen were recovered in 50 and 48 cases, respectively. Of the total number of isolations recorded during the period under review, 871 (70.8%) occurred in poultry and other birds, 162 (13.2%) in horses, 116 (9.4%) in cattle, 26 (2.1%) in sheep and goats, 22 (1.8%) in rhinoceroses, 16 (1.3%) in pigs, 8 (0.6%) in crocodiles, 6 (0.5%) in cats and 6 (0.5%) in leopards. Food animals accounted for 83.5% of the total isolations, with cattle and poultry representing approximately 72.7%. Forty-two (3.4 %) isolates were found from non-food animals that include rhinoceroses (n = 22), crocodiles (n = 8), leopards (n = 6) and cats (n = 6). Salmonella Heidelberg was the most frequently isolated serotype, whereas S. Typhimurium had the widest zoological distribution. Clinical laboratory isolation of different Salmonella serotypes from various hosts may aid in recognising the threat to livestock, public and environmental health. Moreover, it may also highlight the potential zoonotic and food safety risk implications of the detected Salmonella serotypes.
Standard - Optical System HUD for Automotive
Authors:   Vehicular Flat Panel Display Standards Committee
Published: November 2018

This SAE Standard provides measurement methods to determine HUD optical performance in typical automotive ambient lighting conditions. It covers indoor measurements with simulated outdoor lighting for the measurement of HUD virtual images. HUD types addressed by this standard includes w-HUD (windshield HUD) and c-HUD (combiner HUD) with references to Augmented Reality (AR) HUD as needed. It is not the scope of this document to set threshold values for automotive compliance; however, some recommended values are presented for reference.
The new media as a viable alternative to traditional film marketing in Nigeria
Authors: Ebekue Emmanuel Onyeka
Published: November 2018

The changing technological landscape is affecting all dimensions of human endeavour. This paradigm shift is obviously also being experienced in the film industry where the mode of presentation of content has shifted from the mechanical analogue format to the computerized digital format. The effect of this shift is felt not only in the quality of content but also in its mode of access and distribution. Against this backdrop, this study focused on the new media (the Internet) as an alternative film distribution channel in the Nigerian film industry. The study sought to discover the extent online film distribution is becoming realized in the country through surveying undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka with reference to their film accessing and purchasing culture. Situated within the framework of the technological determinism theory, the study was designed as a sample survey. One hundred respondents were randomly sampled from the population while a structured questionnaire was utilized as the data collection tool. Findings showed that the new media is emerging as an important source of accessing Nigerian films among the audience; but that only a small proportion of the viewers, however, pay to download Nigerian films online. It also found that online film distribution could endanger copyright of filmmakers given the audience’s seeming indifference to the authorization status of the sites they download films from. The study concluded that a film market built to suit the new media form will serve as a viable alternative to the traditional DVD/VCD film market in Nigeria as long as the challenges of copyright inherent in the Internet are adequately resolved. It was, among others, recommended that film policy in Nigeria should be broadened to capture the imperatives of online distribution of films. Such policy thrusts should be targeted at creating the institutional framework and removing all hiccups towards an efficient online distribution culture in the nation’s film industry.Keywords: New media, Internet, film, distribution
The Lessons of kola nut in searching for Nigeria’s unity
Authors: Isidienu Ifeyinwa Cordelia
Published: November 2018

Unity is the state of being one undivided entity. Nigerian society has different ethnic groups which is joined together to become a single nation. Right from the onset, unity has eluded the nation because of her diversified cultural backgrounds. In Igbo culture, kola nut has various parts which have joined together as one single whole. This paper therefore, explores the functions of Igbo kola nut in the unification of the Nigerian nation. It looked at the social, political, religious and economic functions. Related literatures were reviewed to help enhance the study. A descriptive survey research approach was adopted. The instrument for data collection was unstructured questionnaire. It was discovered that Igbo kola nut is well respected in all the Igbo communities. It is accorded recognition in all celebrations and serves the role of unifying the Igbo people. The paper recommends the adoption of the roles of kola nut in all the events of the nation for her oneness.
Foreign languages and the problem of African identity: the Nigerian situation
Authors: Asadu Oluchukwu Felicia
Published: November 2018

The issue of identity seems to have taken the form of a mirage with the continuous influx of foreign languages into the developing world. Despite the heterogeneous linguistic situation itself the continent has always been open to foreign languages as a means of effective communication between peoples and cultures both within and outside the continent. This paper examines the influence of foreign languages on African identity with a special reference to Nigeria and some francophone countries. It also explores ways in which the African man can maintain his cultural identity in spite of foreign influence.
Sensitivity analysis for water quality monitoring frequency in the application of a water quality index for the uMngeni River and its tributaries, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Namugize JN , Jewitt GPW
Published: November 2018

Water quality indices are commonly used to provide summary information from water quality monitoring programmes to stakeholders. However, declining funding and changing mandates often result in reduced monitoring frequencies which could affect the accuracy of information provided. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of water sampling frequency on water quality index reporting using the the upper uMngeni catchment as a study site. A 28-year time series of water quality data from 11 sampling stations was assessed for pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, turbidity, total suspended solids, Escherichia coli counts, NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P and total phosphorus. Statistical packages were used to process the data and water quality indices (WQIs) for eutrophication and recreational water were calculated and their sensitivity to input parameters analysed. It was found that the higher the monitoring frequency, the lower the WQI calculated at all sites. This suggests that water quality, due to a declining monitoring frequency, is poorer than reported in the uMngeni catchment. The findings showed that Escherichia coli and turbidity are the most influential variables affecting the recreational and eutrophication WQIs, respectively. Although WQIs are considered a useful tool for monitoring the changes in water quality across space and over time in the uMngeni Catchment, their use should complement, and not substitute for, other, more comprehensive, water quality management tools.
Model parameters of four important vegetable crops for improved water use and yield estimation
Authors: Vahrmeijer JT , Annandale JG , Steyn JM , Bristow KL
Published: November 2018

High-value vegetable crops are typically grown under irrigation to reduce production risk. For water resource planning it is essential to be able to accurately estimate water use of irrigated crops under a wide range of climatic conditions. Crop water use models provide a means to make water use and yield estimates, but need crop- and even cultivar-specific parameters. There is generally a lack of crop-specific model parameters for some important commercially grown vegetable crops, especially parameters determined over both summer and winter seasons. The experimental site used in this study was on the Steenkoppies Aquifer, a catchment under stress and an important vegetable production area in South Africa. Crop-specific growth parameters and water use for 4 selected high-value vegetable crops (beetroot, cabbage, carrots and broccoli) were measured over multiple seasons (two summers and one winter). These were used to parameterise the Soil Water Balance (SWB) generic crop growth model for both summer and winter seasons. In seasons where the same cultivar was planted, a single set of model parameters could be used to successfully simulate crop growth and water use. Results show that the amount of irrigation water required is dependent on season and rainfall, with broccoli having the lowest (1.8–2.7 kg m−3) and beetroot the highest (12.2–23.4 kg m−3) water productivity (WPFM), defined as fresh mass of marketable product per unit water consumed. The root crops had a greater harvest index (HIDM) than cabbage and broccoli. The parameters obtained expand the current database of SWB crop growth parameters for vegetables and can be used in a wide range of mechanistic simulation models to improve water management at field and catchment levels.
Accumulation of multiple heavy metals in plants grown on soil treated with sewage sludge for more than 50 years presents health risks and an opportunity for phyto-remediation
Authors: Mbangi Awonke , Muchaonyerwa Pardon , Zengeni Rebecca
Published: November 2018

Long-term application of sewage leads to heavy metal accumulation in soils, causing serious risks to plants, humans, animals and the environment, and phytoremediation could be essential. A study was conducted to determine the concentration of heavy metals in self-seeding vegetables, amaranthus (Amaranthus dubius), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Rumex pulcher and turf grass, grown on land treated with sewage sludge for over 50 years. A pot experiment was conducted to determine phytoremediation potential of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), lucern (Medicago sativa), vetch (Vicia sativa), rape (Brassica napus) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne), using the same soil. Another pot experiment was conducted to determine effects on tissue metal composition of Indian mustard of adding increasing concentrations of EDTA. All the self-seeding vegetables had tissue Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb concentrations higher than toxicity thresholds. Turf grass tissue had higher concentrations of all the metals than all the self-seeding vegetables growing on the soil. Indian mustard and rape had the highest biomass and tissue concentration of most of the metals studied. Addition of EDTA to the soil drastically increased uptake of Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb but not Cr and Ni. The findings of this study imply that self-seeding vegetables and turf grass growing on the polluted soils pose serious health risks and that Indian mustard, and to some extent rape, have potential for phytoremediation, especially if grown on the soil treated with EDTA.
Mapping of water-related ecosystem services in the uMngeni catchment using a daily time-step hydrological model for prioritisation of ecological infrastructure investment – Part 1: Context and modelling approach
Authors: Hughes CJ , De Winnaar G , Schulze RE , Mander M , Jewitt GPW
Published: November 2018

South Africa is a semi-arid country which frequently faces water shortages, and experienced a severe drought in the 2016 and 2017 rainfall seasons. Government is under pressure to continue to deliver clean water to the growing population at a high assurance of supply. Studies now show that the delivery of water may be sustained not only through built infrastructure such as dams and pipelines, but also through investment in ecological infrastructure (EI). A daily time-step hydrological model was used to map areas which should be prioritised for protection or rehabilitation to sustain the delivery of water-related ecosystem services within the uMngeni catchment. We focused on three water-related ecosystem services, i.e.: water supply, sustained baseflow, erosion control/avoidance of excessive sediment losses. The two key types of degradation were modelled, namely, overgrazing and the invasion of upland areas by Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii). This, Part 1 of a paper in 2 parts, provides a discussion on the role of EI in delivering water-related ecosystem services, describes the motivation for the study, and the methods used in modelling and mapping the catchment. The results of this modelling exercise are presented in Part 2, which also explores and illustrates the potential hydrological benefits of rehabilitation and protection of EI in the uMngeni Catchment.
Mapping of water-related ecosystem services in the uMngeni catchment using a daily time-step hydrological model for prioritisation of ecological infrastructure investment – Part 2: Outputs
Authors: Hughes CJ , De Winnaar G , Schulze RE , Mander M , Jewitt GPW
Published: November 2018

South Africa is a semi-arid country which frequently faces water shortages, and experienced a severe drought in the 2016 and 2017 rainfall seasons. Government is under pressure to continue to deliver clean water to the growing population at a high assurance of supply. Studies now show that the delivery of water may be sustained not only through built infrastructure such as dams and pipelines, but also through investment in ecological infrastructure (EI). Part 1 of this paper in 2 parts concentrated on the role of EI in delivering water-related ecosystem services, as well as the motivation for this study, and the methods used in modelling and mapping the catchment. Part 2 explores and illustrates the current level of delivery of water-related ecosystem services in different parts of the catchment, with potential hydrological benefits of rehabilitation and protection of EI in the uMngeni catchment. The Mpendle, Lions River, Karkloof, Inanda and Durban sub-catchments are important areas for the generation of streamflows which accumulate downstream (i.e. water yield in the catchment) when annual totals are considered. Modelled annual sediment yield (in tonnes) from naturally vegetated areas is most severe in the lower catchment areas with steeper slopes such as Inanda, and in the high-altitude areas which have both steeper slopes and higher rainfall. The central and eastern parts of the uMngeni catchment were found to contribute the greatest yield of sediment from degraded areas with low protective vegetation cover. This combined modelling and mapping exercise highlighted areas of priority ecosystem service delivery, such as higher altitude grassland areas, which could be recommended for formal conservation, or protection under private partnerships. Generally, these areas confirm the intuitive sense of catchment stakeholders, but provide a robust and more defendable analysis through which water volumes are quantifiable, and potential investment into catchment interventions are justified.
Water insecurity, illness and other factors of everyday life: A case study from Choma District, Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Marcantonio Richard A
Published: November 2018

Recent reports from the UN find that 2.6 billion people have gained access to improved drinking water sources since 1990, but 663 million people still live without. Other recent work demonstrates that 4 billion people annually face severe water scarcity as a result of seasonal fluctuations in water availability and quality. How is it that, despite the significant development in water resource availability documented by the UN, literally billions of people are regularly experiencing water insecurity? To begin to understand how a lack of access to reliable water resources affects everyday life, I focus on a specific outcome of water insecurity: waterborne illness. Given the difficulty in linking illness to a particular source, this research focuses on perceptions of water safety. I ask participants about illness they perceive coming from their drinking water, conducting face-to-face surveys (N = 224) spatially distributed around Choma town, Southern Province, Zambia. In particular, I investigate how these perceptions affect everyday life and what intersecting factors are likely to increase or decrease the probability of a person perceiving drinking water as the source of their illness. Our findings demonstrate that individual perceptions of waterborne illness are tightly coupled with perceptions of water needs being met or not, water flexibility (water storage capacity and water resource type and number available), total water use, food security and distance to various services. My work identifies and qualifies intersecting relationships that are critical to the design of any policy or other means of intervention intended to reduce experienced and perceived waterborne illness and other everyday needs of subsistence farmers facing the challenges presented by climate change and other forms of environmental change.
Short communication: Isotopic tracing of stormwater in the urban Liesbeek River
Authors: Van Mazijk Ruan , Smyth Lucy K , Weideman Eleanor A , West Adam G
Published: November 2018

The ongoing drought in the Western Cape of South Africa (2014 to present) has called for an urgent need to improve our understanding of water resources in the area. Rivers within the Western Cape are known to surge rapidly after rainfall events. Such storm-flow in natural river catchments in the Jonkershoek mountains has previously been shown to be driven by displaced groundwater, with less than 5% of rainfall appearing in the storm-flow. However, the origin of storm-flow surges within urban rivers in the region remains unknown. In this study, we used stable isotopes in water to illustrate that at least 90% of water in the Liesbeek River during a storm event was rainwater. There was a strong correlation between storm-flow and rainfall rates (P < 0.001, Pearson’s r = 0.86), as well as between the δ18O and δ2H values of river-water and rainwater (δ18O: Pearson’s r = 0.741 (P = 0.001), δ2H: Pearson’s r = 0.775 (P < 0.001)). Storm-flow within this urban river therefore appears to be driven by overland-flow over the hardened urban catchment, rather than piston-flow as seen in natural catchments. Our results support studies suggesting the Liesbeek River could be a target for stormwater harvesting to augment water resources in the city of Cape Town.
The Pongola Floodplain, South Africa – Part 2: Holistic environmental flows assessment
Authors: Brown Cate , Joubert Alison , Tlou Toriso , Birkhead Andrew , Marneweck Gary , Paxton Bruce , Singh Adhishri
Published: November 2018

A holistic environmental flows (EFlows) assessment, undertaken as part of Ecological Reserve determination studies for selected surface water, groundwater, estuaries and wetlands in the Usuthu/Mhlatuze Water Management Area, South Africa, led to recommendations for modified releases from the Jozini Dam to support the socially, economically and ecologically important Pongola Floodplain situated downstream of the dam. The EFlows study analysed various permutations of flow releases from the dam based on the recommendations of pre-dam studies, and augmented by more recent observations, inputs from farmers and fishermen who live adjacent to the floodplain and discussion with the operators of Jozini Dam. The EFlows method used, DRIFT, allowed for the incorporation of detailed information, data and recommendations from a decades-old research project on the Pongola Floodplain that was undertaken prior to the construction of the Jozini Dam into a modern-day decision-making framework. This was used to assess the impact of a series of different flow releases on nature and society downstream of the dam. It was concluded that, within historic volumetric allocations to the floodplain, a release regime could be designed that considerably aided traditional fishing and grazing without necessarily prejudicing other uses, such as agriculture.
Technical note: An anomaly in pH data in South Africa’s national water quality monitoring database – implications for future use
Authors: Ramjukadh Carla-Louise , Silberbauer Michael , Taljaard Susan
Published: November 2018

The South African national water quality database (Water Management System) houses data records from several environmental monitoring programmes, including the National Chemical Monitoring Programme (NCMP). The NCMP comprises an extensive surface water quality monitoring programme, managed by the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS). The purpose of this technical note is to alert users to a systematic anomaly recently observed in the pH dataset of the NCMP, reflected in an abrupt increase between pre- and post-1990 data records. Although the cause of the anomaly in pH could not be confirmed with high confidence, an inappropriate acid rinse procedure in pre-1990 analytical methods was identified as the most likely cause, based on available evidence. This was supported by the variation in relative sensitivity when comparing the effect on waters with different buffering capacities, i.e., water with low buffering capacity (represented by total alkalinity < 10 mg/L, as CaCO3) showing the largest anomaly, compared with waters of higher buffering capacity (represented by total alkalinity > 30 mg/L, as CaCO3) showing the smallest anomaly. Historical pH data records in the NCMP (i.e. pre-1990), therefore should be used with caution, especially in more weakly buffered systems. The possibility of reconstructing data using a correction factor derived from detailed statistical analyses of the post-1990 pH characteristics at selected sites is a possible solution that could be investigated in future. A key lesson learnt is the need to be diligent in capturing detailed meta-data on sampling procedures and analytical methods in datasets spanning several generations. Availability of such information is critical in order to provide users with a means of evaluating the suitability and comparability of data records in long-term datasets. The DWS includes such meta-data in the current version of the database, dating from about 1995 onwards.
A scenario-based multiple attribute decision-making approach for site selection of a wastewater treatment plant: Bahir Dar City (Ethiopia) case study
Authors: Wondim Tilik Tena , Dzwairo Bloodless
Published: November 2018

The challenge of selecting an appropriate wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) site is addressed in this study, using the case study of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. An innovative approach is proposed for selecting the WWTP site. Fifteen practically feasible alternatives were identified based on the geographical information system (GIS) based hydraulic design and considering the overall economy of the system. The three dimensions of sustainability were considered while evaluatingalternatives through incorporating economic, social, energy and environmental criteria in decision-making. The multiple attribute decision making (MADM) method was applied to prioritize the alternatives. Four scenarios representing the different perspectives of choices were used for weight elicitation. The results of the study show that the developed decisionmaking approach identified practically feasible alternatives. The framework and decision-making methodology developed in this study helped to facilitate the decision making by local government in a holistic view that incorporates environmental management in the city of Bahir Dar.
Las wikis en mi experiencia docente. Del diccionario de la asignatura al diario de clase
Authors: Area Moreira Manuel
Published: November 2018

Se ofrece una visión general de las posibilidades educativas de las wikis destacando de las mismas que permite el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación grupales en una perspectiva socioconstructivista del conocimiento. Luego se ofrecen dos ejemplificaciones de su uso en la docencia universitaria. En un caso, la wiki está al servicio del trabajo en equipo de los estudiantes con el objetivo de que éstos elaboren un diccionario con los conceptos más relevantes de la asignatura. En el otro ejemplo, la wiki es empleada para desarrollar un diario personal por parte de cada estudiante de cada una de las sesiones presenciales. Se concluye indicando que las wikis son altamente versátiles y que tienen un alto potencial evaluativo del trabajo de los estiantes ya que proporcionan al docente información sobre el proceso de desarrollo de las tareas realizadas por los alumnos.