bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomasa y densidad de dos especies de pastos marinos en el sur de Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Gutiérrez-Aguirre Martha Angélica , De la Fuente-Betancourt María Gabriela , Cervantes Martínez Adrián
Published: October 2020

La biomasa y productividad de una comunidad de pastos marinos es útil para determinar el estado ecológico de la costa. Se comparó la biomasa foliar y la densidad de vainas en praderas de Thalassia testudinum Banks & Sol. ex K. D . Koenig, en dos ambientes de la costa del Caribe mexicano eN= 6 cuadrantes/sitio) en Noviembre de 1998. Los valores de vainas y biomasa foliar fueron más bajos en la pradera asociada al manglar, que en la pradera establecida en una laguna arrecifal. Esto probablemente se deba a que las hojas frente al manglar tuvieron porcentaje más alto de epífitas. Por otro lado, T. testudinum tuvo mayor biomasa que Syringodium filiforme Kütz en la laguna arrecifal.
Ictioplancton en la zona portuaria de Limón, Costa Rica
Authors: Dominici-Arosemena Arturo , Brugnoli-Olivera Ernesto , Solano-Ulate Sylvia , Molina-Ureña Helena , Ramírez Coghi Ana Rosa
Published: October 2020

Four sampling stations were set 200-500m off Limon Port, Costa Rica, at an average depth of 20 m. From October 1996 to May 1997 horizontal subsuperficial trawls were done for 12 minutes at a speed of about 2KmIh, with a 1 OOO¡.tm plancton neto A total of 28 samples were processed and 104 physieal-chemistry parameter measurements were taken. Average salinity was 30.1 ± 3.7 and dissolved oxygen 6.9 ± 0.6 mg 1-1 reflecting good aeration throughout the sampling périod. This suggests good mixture and a highly dynamic hydrography. Temperature showed no drastic variations (28.0 ± 1.7 OC), possibly because of the constant mixing with shallow water. The highest larval counts were for November and early January and inelude families common to reefs and estuaries (BaJistidae, Lutjanidae) and to coastal areas (Centropomidae, Gerreidae, Haemulidae, Carangidae, Engraulidae, Hemiramphidae, and representative Pleuronectiforrnes) existing in a common area.
Tres nuevas especies de Bryconamericus (Ostariophysi: Charaddae) de COlombia y diagnóstico del género
Authors: Román-Valencia César
Published: October 2020

Se describen tres nuevas especies: Bryconamericus dahli que habita en la cuenca de los Ríos Palia y Mira; B. ichoensis capturada en la Quebrada Chaparraidó, alto Río Atrato y B. galvisi colectada en el alto Río Putumayo. Bryconamericus. dahli se distingue de las especies conocidas de Bryconamericus por presentar un cuerpo relativamente profundo en ejemplares inmaduros y adultos, y por la cabeza más grande; es similar a B. caucanus, distinguiéndose en el número de radios de la aleta anal, en el tamaño de la cabeza y del maxilar. B. ichoensis puede diferenciarse de las especies conocidas por su pequeño tamaño (excepto con B. multiradiatus), por la ausencia de una mancha peduncular, sustituida por una banda oscura que se prolonga sobre los radios medios caudales, por 27 -30 radios ramificados de la aleta anal; posiblemente se relaciona con B. multiradiatus por su enanismo, se distingue por el número de radios simples de las aletas dorsal, pectorales y pélvicas, por el número de escamas predorsales, por la profundidad del cuerpo. Bryconamericus galvisi, se puede distinguir dentro de Bryconamericus por una mancha peduncular, por el número mayor de radios ramificados de la aleta anal, por el número alto de escamas en la línea lateral y por el cuerpo elongado. Esta especie es muy semejante y relacionada a B. caucanus, distinguiéndose por el número de dientes en el maxilar, por la longitud del maxilar con relación al diámetro del ojo y por el número de vértebras. Se pueden diferenciar entre sí por la ausencia de una mancha humeral en B.dahli; la parte anterior de la línea lateral no forma una curva, de cuerpo elongado, de cabeza pequeña y la longitud postorbital mayor en B. galvisi; la aleta dorsal presenta tres radios simples en B. ichoensis. Se incluyeron datos del hábitat típico de los nuevos taxones. Se planteo que Bryconamericus es un grupo valido y natural, muy .relacionado con el género HemibrycOrl, mientras los géneros Knodus y Ere/mobrycon son sinónimos de Bryconamericus.
Nueva especie de Ilyodon(Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) de la cuenca del río Balsas, México
Authors: Paulo-Maya Joel , Trujillo-Jiménez Patricia
Published: October 2020

Una nueva especie, Iyodon cortesae, se describe del río S an Juan Tacámbaro, Michoacán, México. U samos 129 organismos pertenecientes a l. whitei, 60 de l. furcidens y 84 de la nueva especie para nuestro análisis. E stos incluyeron muestras de ambos sexos. La nueva especie se distingue de l. whitei y de l. furcidens por su perfil cefálico convexo, el tamaño y disposición de los poros de la línea lateral en el preorbital, la base del pedúnculo caudal delgado, sus dientes fuertemente bífidos y en la forma de las precigapófisis de las vértebras caudales
The influence of air pollution on the phyllosphere microflora composition of Tillandsia leaves (BromeHaceae)
Authors: Brighigna Luigi , Gori Alessandro , Gonnelli Silvia , Favilli Franco
Published: October 2020

The effect of air pollution on total phyllospheric microflora from two species of the epiphytic neo tropical genus Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) was studied by comparing unpolluted plants living in a forest (Escazú, San José) with polluted ones from an urban site of Costa Rica (San José city). Dilutions of homogenized leaf samples were plated on media suitable for each microbial group. For each microorganism group, total counts were performed and purified strains of randomly chosen colonies were identified. There was a global reduction in the number of living microorganisms due to pollution effects, especially yeasts and bacteria, while nitro gen-fixing microorganisms and fungi were les s affected. Our results showed that the phyllosphere microflora of Tillandsia plants living in a tropical urban environment changes in terms of number and species composition of yeasts and bacteria with respect to plants living in unpolluted environment.
New species in the New World Natada complex (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae)
Authors: Corrales Jorge F , Epstein Marc E
Published: October 2020

Se describe las siguientes especies nuevas del complejo Natada del Nuevo Mundo: Natada minuscula, Natada cecilia, Natada lalogamezi, Natada kokii, Natada mOllteverdensis. Narosopsis iangauldi. and Euprosterna wemilleri. Natada minuscula es la especie más pequeña del complejo.
Citogenética y cito química de pacientes con leucemia en dos hospitales neotropicales
Authors: Solís María Virginia , Alvarado María De los Angeles , Ruiz Edward , Carrillo Juan Manuel , Navarrete Martha , Sánchez German , Jiménez Elías
Published: October 2020

Se realizó estudio citogenético y
Estructura de la población y distribución de Anadara tuberculosa Sowerby (1833) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) en los manglares de Golfito y Playa Blanca de Puerto Jiménez, Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica
Authors: Silva-Benavides Ana Margarita , Bonilla Roger
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio describe la dinámica de la población del bivalvo Anadara tuberculosa conocido en Costa Rica como piangua, en varios manglares de Golfito y Playa Blanca de Puerto Jiménez, Golfo Dulce en la costa Pacífica de Costa Rica. El estudio está basado en varios muestreos realizados mensualmente durante el periodo 2008-2010. A cada individuo recolectado se midió la longitud, el peso total y el peso fresco para calcular variables como el rendimiento, densidad y distribución de esta especie. La población de pianguas en los manglares de Golfito presentó mayor densidad (2.77 individuos/m2) que el manglar de Playa Blanca (0.14 individuos/m2). Se observó que los individuos de Playa Blanca presentaron mayor longitud (48.35mm) que los reportados para los manglares de Golfito (42.51mm), este último valor, por debajo del mínimo de extracción estipulado por Ley. Playa Blanca presentó también el mayor peso total (36.35g) que Golfito (24.48g). Este aumento del peso total en los individuos de Playa Blanca incide en que el rendimiento de la carne en este manglar resulte menor (17.01%) que en Golfito (23.45%). Los resultados sugieren que la población de A. tuberculosa puede encontrase en estado de reducción en estos manglares y por consiguiente, es necesario implementar proyectos de repoblamiento de este molusco en los manglares del Golfo Dulce, en conjunto con proyectos de manejo en una acción en conjunto con las autoridades gubernamentales responsables, organizaciones no gubernamentales y la Sociedad Civil, para hacer de esta especie un recurso que sea sostenible y aprovechada por diferentes actores de la comunidad.
Captura por unidad de esfuerzo y estructura poblacional de la tortuga verde de Pacífico (Chelonia mydas) en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica
Authors: Chacón-Chaverri Didiher , Martínez-Cascante David A. , Rojas David , Fonseca Luis G.
Published: October 2020

El Golfo Dulce es uno de los pocos fiordos tropicales del mundo, y recientemente ha sido declarado como un Área Marina de Pesca Responsable (AMPR), albergando ecosistemas de manglar, corales y pastos marinos que son áreas de alimentación importantes para la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas). En este estudio estimamos la captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE) y la estructura de la población, en un sitio del sector oeste del Golfo Dulce. Entre agosto de 2010 y marzo de 2013, se capturaron un total de 253 tortugas verdes (incluyendo 20 recapturas) utilizando redes de enmalle. La CPUE anual (CPUE, 1 unidad: 100m de red por 7h) durante el estudio osciló entre 0.19 y 0.45, reduciéndose progresivamente a través de los años, posiblemente propiciado por una mortalidad masiva ocurrida en enero de 2013. Se encontró que la estacionalidad y la temporalidad influyen en la CPUE de acuerdo al modelo de mejor ajuste. Cerca del 78.17% de las tortugas capturadas fueron consideradas como adultas, con un promedio de largo curvo de caparazón (LCC) de 79.6±0.9cm. Se recapturó una hembra que había sido previamente marcada en el Archipiélago de Galápagos. Mientras que ninguna de las tortugas marcadas en el Golfo Dulce fue reportada anidando en alguna playa. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el Golfo Dulce es un área importante para la tortuga verde, en donde se congregan individuos adultos o subadultos para alimentase de los pastos marinos y las partes carnosas de los mangles. Asimismo, el área representa un gran reto para la conservación internacional, ya que posiblemente las hembras adultas que capturamos provienen de playas de anidación de Panamá y Colombia, lo que requiere de acuerdos multilaterales que propicien la recuperación de la tortuga verde del Pacífico Este. Sugerimos la continuación de este proyecto de conservación para utilizar a las tortugas marinas como especie sombrilla para la protección de los ecosistemas del Golfo Dulce.
Selección de sitios de anidación de Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae) en el Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica
Authors: Ávila-Aguilar Andrés
Published: October 2020

La selección del sitio de anidación en tortugas marinas es determinante para la sobrevivencia de la progenie, sin embargo para Lepidochelys olivacea existe poca información al respecto. Este trabajo se enfocó en determinar si L. olivacea selecciona sus sitios de anidación de acuerdo a un patrón o preferencia espacial determinada, o si por el contrario distribuye sus nidos aleatoriamente en la playa. La recolección de datos se realizó entre julio y setiembre del 2011, en las playas de Piro y Pejeperro, Península de Osa, Costa Rica. La ubicación del nido se evaluó midiendo las distancias entre la línea de marea y el nido, entre el nido y la vegetación, y determinando la posición del nido con respecto a los sectores marcados cada 100m en la playa. En ambas playas, las tortugas mostraron una marcada preferencia por anidar lo más lejos posible de la línea de marea, lo cual protege a sus nidos de inundación pero los expone a un mayor riesgo de depredación. Además, en playa Piro se detectó una mayor concentración de nidos cerca de la desembocadura del río, y en las cercanías de un estero en el caso de Pejeperro. Si estas zonas están asociadas a un mayor éxito de eclosión, es posible que las tortugas estén regresando y seleccionado esos sitios por impronta o filopatría. Futuras investigaciones deberán enfocarse en determinar si en eventos de anidación sucesivos, L. olivacea muestra repetibilidad y mantiene sus preferencias de anidación a nivel de individuo.
Feeding habits of the fishes Euthynnus lineatus and Scomberomorus sierra (Perciformes: Scombridae) in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
Authors: Sandoval Ramírez Adriana , Cerdenares Ladrón de Guevara Genoveva , Rojas Herrera Agustín Aucencio , Violante González Juan , García Ibáñez Sergio , Hernández Gómez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT. Introduction: Black skipjack, Euthynnus lineatus, and Pacific sierra, Scomberomorus sierra, are of great economic importance in the small-scale fishery of the Tropical Eastern Pacific and in particular in the study area. Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to assess the diet components of E. lineatus and S. sierra, as well as to evaluate the niche width, trophic level, and trophic overlap between the two species, by size and season. Methods: Biological samples were obtained weekly from small-scale fishery catches in Bahía de Acapulco, Mexico. The E. lineatus sampling period occurred from October 2016 to October 2017, whereas S. sierra was sampled from October 2016 to June 2018. The Prey-specific Index of Relative Importance (% PSIRI) was used to evaluate the importance of each prey item in the diet of the predator. Levin´s index (Bi) was used as a measure of niche width. The Morisita-Horn index was used to evaluate diet overlap by size (juveniles or adults), by season (dry or wet), and between the two species. The trophic level (TL) of predators was calculated using the Cortés´ method. Results: A total of 262 E. lineatus stomachs were analyzed (42 % were empty and 58 % contained food) and a total of 209 S. sierra stomachs were analyzed (74.6 % were empty and 25.3 % contained food). Of the total E. lineatus specimens sampled, 107 were juveniles and 155 were adults. Black skipjack juveniles fed on five food items and adults fed on 13 food items. Of the total S. sierra specimens sampled, 75 were juveniles and 134 were adults. Pacific sierra juveniles and adults fed on five food items. The diet of the two species comprised fish, mollusks, and crustaceans. The two species showed narrow niche width. The diet of juvenile and adult E. lineatus presented differences with growth, contrary to what was observed for juveniles and adults of S. sierra. There were no significant differences in diet by season for both species. The trophic overlap obtained between the two species was low. The trophic level calculated for both species indicated that are tertiary consumers. Conclusions: Black skipjack and Pacific sierra are tertiary predators and present a specialist behavior, feeding mainly on fish from the families Engraulidae and Clupeidae. Although a degree of similarity in the dietary food components of these species was observed, there was not a high degree of interspecific competition for food.
35 años de cambio en densidad y biomasa del megazoobentos del golfo de Batabanó, Cuba, e implicaciones para la langosta, Panulirus argus (Decapoda: Palinuridae)
Authors: Castillo Alexander Lopezegui , Martínez Coello Diana
Published: October 2020

Introducción: El bentos constituye un eficiente indicador de disturbios ambientales, de biodiversidad y de dinámica trófica. En Cuba, los moluscos bentónicos han sido reportados como el principal alimento de la langosta Panulirus argus. Objetivos: Estimar variaciones espacio-temporales en la comunidad bentónica de fondos blandos del golfo de Batabanó, e inferir, haciendo énfasis en los moluscos, el efecto de tales variaciones en la disponibilidad de alimento para las langostas. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis histórico de las variaciones en la densidad y biomasa de megazoobentos (organismos ≥ 4 mm) y particularmente de moluscos megazoobentónicos, tomando como referencia los estudios realizados desde 1990 (muestreos del año 1983) y datos actuales (2007-2018) registrados in situ mediante metodologías comparables. Resultados: Se encontró que tanto la densidad como la biomasa eran significativamente mayores al final del pasado siglo y muestran tendencia a disminuir gradualmente hacia la actualidad. Respecto a los valores reportados en 1983, la densidad de organismos mostró un decrecimiento del 73 %, sin embargo, la biomasa experimentó una disminución aún mayor (86 %). Las áreas de mayor densidad y biomasa, tanto de bentos como de moluscos, han variado respecto a lo reportado para 1983 y actualmente se ubican hacia el centro del golfo. A pesar de ello, los bivalvos continúan estando mejor representados que los gastrópodos. En general, los moluscos mostraron un significativo decrecimiento (55 % y 88 % respectivamente). Conclusiones: Se corroboró el deterioro de la comunidad bentónica en las áreas pesqueras del golfo de Batabanó y se demostró, basado en el megazoobentos, que la malacofauna puede utilizarse como un indicador fiable de los parámetros generales de la comunidad bentónica de fondos blandos. Se estimó que la disponibilidad de alimento para las langostas ha disminuido en un 55.6 % respecto a 1983, lo cual, unido a las variaciones espaciales del megazoobentos, puede contribuir a explicar los actuales cambios en la abundancia y distribución de las langostas.
Knowledge status of predators of the freshwater prawn Cryphiops caementarius (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in river systems along the North Western Andean region from Perú and Chile
Authors: Velásquez Carlos , Henríquez-Antipa Luis , Torres-Avilés Denisse , Wilson Álvaro E. , Alanís Yerico , Cárcamo Francisco
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Cryphiops caementarius, is an endemic prawn from river ecosystems in Southern Perú and Northern Chile. In these watersheds, natural populations are threatened by multiple anthropic interventions such as mining activities and fishing pressure, but also, by increasing impacts of invasive exotic predators. Information related with predation on C. caementarius is scarce representing a major knowledge gap to ensure suitable management and conservation practices. Accordingly, the further deepening in relevant aspects such as the estimation of populations losses due to predators has been indicated as critical by relevant agencies as FAO. Objective: To conduct a complete registry and classification of C. caementarius predators, updating the knowledge for the Andean region. Methods: A thorough bibliographic review on existing information on C. caementarius' predators from Perú and Chile was carried out calculating percentage of occurrence, relative frequency of species, zoogeographic origin, trophic structure, phenotypic attributes, river zone that inhabits and life stage of incidence. The registry was complemented using semi-structured interviews from prawn´s fishers in central-Northern Chile. Results: C. caementarius is predated along the entire fluvial network (estuary, potamon and rhithron) by 21 species of opportunists, carnivores, omnivores and herbivores, mostly aquatic vertebrates. In turn, these belong to 15 families and six guilds of native, exotic and cosmopolitan species. Approximately 86 % predate on adult prawns, whilst, 71 % on juveniles and 24 % on larvae. More than 40 % of the predation pressure seems to be exerted by native waterfowls and 24 % by exotic fish. Conclusions: The results emphasize the relevance for conservation of native species of predators in the Andean region and the need of control measures on exotic species in a latitudinal basis. Accordingly, this review may serve as an initial decision-making tool for future conservation efforts both on prawns and native biota, but also supporting restocking actions, fisheries management plans and risk assessment for C. caementariuspopulations across the Andean region.
Influencia del sustrato en la composición de la ictiofauna en zonas someras de la laguna costera Barra de Navidad, México
Authors: Cabrera-Paez Yureidy , Aguilar-Betancourt Consuelo M. , González Sansón Gaspar
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Las lagunas costeras son hábitats importantes para los peces costeros y juegan un rol esencial como áreas de crianza para muchas especies. Mientras que los efectos de la salinidad y la temperatura sobre la abundancia de los peces han sido bien documentados, las investigaciones sobre la influencia de las características del sustrato son más escasas. Objetivo: Investigar la correlación de la salinidad, la temperatura y las características del sedimento con las variaciones espaciales y temporales de la composición de la ictiofauna en las zonas someras de la laguna costera Barra de Navidad. Métodos: Se tomaron muestras de la ictiofauna con un chinchorro playero a lo largo de un periodo de dos años en cuatro sitios de la laguna. La salinidad y la temperatura del agua se midieron simultáneamente con las operaciones de muestreo. Se determinaron el tamaño de partículas del sedimento y su contenido de materia orgánica en cuatro momentos a lo largo del periodo de muestreo. Métodos multivariantes fueron utilizados para el análisis de los datos. Resultados: Un total de 13 487 peces pertenecientes a 69 especies fueron recolectados, pero solo cinco taxones (Eucinostomus currani, Mugil setosus, Anchoa sp., Diapterus brevirostris, Centropomus robalito) conformaron más del 80 % de los individuos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la composición de la ictiofauna entre todos los sitios de muestreo y entre las estaciones del año. El análisis de redundancia mostró que los cambios en la ictiofauna estuvieron relacionados principalmente con el porcentaje de lodo y el contenido de materia orgánica del sedimento, como expresión de un gradiente espacial. La influencia de la salinidad y la temperatura fue significativa también, pero estas variables explicaron una proporción menor de la variabilidad observada y estuvieron relacionadas principalmente con los cambios estacionales. Conclusiones: El tamaño de las partículas del sedimento y el contenido de materia orgánica del mismo son los factores abióticos más importantes que influyen en los cambios espaciales de la composición de la ictiofauna. Los cambios estacionales estuvieron correlacionados con cambios en la salinidad y la temperatura, pero podrían estar vinculados también a procesos biológicos como la reproducción y el reclutamiento.
Estructura poblacional y hábitat de un árbol tropical con frutos comestibles, Annona purpurea (Annonaceae), en el occidente de México
Authors: Topete-Corona Citlally , Cuevas-Guzmán Ramón , Sánchez-Rodríguez Enrique Valente , Moreno-Hernández Arturo , Morales-Arias José Guadalupe , Núñez-López Nora Minerva
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Annona purpurea es un árbol Mesoamericano, distribuido por la vertiente pacífica y atlántica de México hasta Sudamérica. Diferentes partes de la planta son de utilidad y los frutos son comestibles. Objetivo: Describir la estructura poblacional, el hábitat y los factores ambientales que influyen en la distribución y abundancia de A. purpurea en el occidente de México. Métodos: De abril a noviembre 2015, se establecieron 24 unidades de muestreo de 500 m2 cada una, con presencia de A. purpurea. En cada sitio se midieron e identificaron todas las especies leñosas con diámetro a la altura de pecho (dap) ≥ 2.5 cm y se registró información ambiental, geográfica y climática. Se obtuvo información sobre la repoblación de la especie. Se estimó la estructura de A. purpurea y se examinaron sus relaciones con las variables ambientales. El índice de asociación de Whittaker se determinó utilizando la matriz de índice de valor de importancia (IVI). Con la matriz de variables ambientales y la de IVI, se realizó un Análisis de Correspondencia Canónica para determinar la influencia de las variables ambientales sobre la especie y visualizar la distribución de las especies en el espacio multidimensional. Resultados: A. purpurea presentó 1 108 tallos en 1.2 ha, con el 85 % de ellos concentrados en las tres primeras categorías diamétricas. Su densidad presentó una relación positiva con la presencia de tocones, mientras que el área basal y el IVI se relacionaron de manera similar con la incidencia de incendios. Hubo poca o nula regeneración de A. purpurea debajo de su dosel. Los mayores IVI en la comunidad se registraron para A. purpurea, Tabebuia rosea, Quercus magnoliifolia y Enterolobium cyclocarpum y la prueba de perfiles de semejanza separó a A. purpurea y Guazuma ulmifolia como un grupo diferente. Las variables ambientales con mayor influencia en la distribución y abundancia de A. purpurea fueron la precipitación anual, incidencia de incendios, elevación, temperatura media anual, pedregosidad y pastoreo. Conclusión: A. purpurea presenta los mayores atributos estructurales en la comunidad, sus poblaciones se ven favorecidas en sitios con mayor precipitación y temperatura, con poca pedregosidad, donde hay incidencia de perturbaciones por fuego y ganado que generan claros grandes y su mayor asociación la presenta con G. ulmifolia.
Antimicrobial Copper Cold Spray Coatings and SARS-CoV-2 Surface Inactivation
Authors: Sousa Bryer C. , Cote Danielle L.
Published: October 2020

This article contextualizes how the antimicrobial properties and antipathogenic contact killing/inactivating performance of copper cold spray surfaces and coatings and can be extended to the COVID-19 pandemic as a preventative measure. Specifically, literature is reviewed in terms of how copper cold spray coatings can be applied to high-touch surfaces in biomedical as well as healthcare settings to prevent fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through rapidly inactivating SARS-CoV-2 virions after contaminating a surface. The relevant literature on copper-based antipathogenic coatings and surfaces are then detailed. Particular attention is then given to the unique microstructurally-mediated pathway of copper ion diffusion associated with copper cold spray coatings that enable fomite inactivation.
Environment and Rock Art in the Jebel Ousselat, Atlas Mountains, Tunisia
Authors: Ben Nasr Jaâfar , Walsh Kevin
Published: October 2020

The Jebel Ousselat, on the eastern edge of the Atlas Mountains in Tunisia, is a semi-arid, degraded upland landscape; in many ways, it is a marginal environment. Here we present evidence from the early to middle Holocene (ca. 6200–4200 bc), a period of significant climate change in the wider region, moving from the African Humid Period towards an arid environment and the development to the south of the Saharan desert. Employing rock art and lithic evidence from across the landscape, we consider how these strands of archaeological evidence intersect and facilitate the description of human–environment interactions that

were wholly different from those we see today. The interpretation of the full range of sites is underpinned by a landscape/environmental framework that considers site location and relationships with topography and hydrology. We also develop a socio-ecological approach that avoids environmental determinism but

willingly accepts the role that the environment plays in contributing to the structure of human activity in a complex landscape. The art and archaeology of the Jebel Ousselat reflect complex interactions during a period of environmental, economic and cultural change. We feel that the art is not a mere reflection of food procurement but instead points to the production of complex socio-ecological relationships during a period of transition.
Reestruturação do Sistema Financeiro Internacional e Países Periféricos
Authors: FREITAS MARIA CRISTINA PENIDO DE , PRATES DANIELA MAGALHÃES
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma avaliação das proposições de reformulação do sistema financeiro internacional e suas prováveis consequências para a soberania nacional dos países subdesenvolvidos. Para atingir esse objetivo, o artigo analisa a lógica subjacente às principais recomendações políticas do FMI para a “nova arquitetura financeira internacional”, as novas regras de adequação de capital elaboradas pelo Comitê da Basiléia e as propostas de reforma para o FMI e o Banco Mundial propostas pelo Congresso dos EUA e pelo governo dos EUA.
Grupo de Trabalho Populações (In)Visibilizadas e Diversidades: Comunidade de Práticas Reafirmando Princípios da Abem
Authors: Raimondi Gustavo Antonio , Lopes Junior Ademir , Souza Júlia de Matos Rodrigues de , Pereira Douglas Vinícius Reis , Afonso Denise Herdy , Oliveira Sandro Schreiber de
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Introdução: A atual pandemia da Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19) deixou ainda mais evidentes a desigualdade social e o impacto dos determinantes sociais nos indicadores de saúde. Por conta disso, os profissionais de saúde, para cuidar das pessoas e populações, devem desenvolver ações que promovam a equidade, papel que também cabe às instituições de ensino e saúde. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os Cursos de Graduação em Medicina trazem em seu artigo 3º que a formação do(a) graduando(a) deverá ocorrer com “responsabilidade social e compromisso com a defesa da cidadania”. Relato de Experiência: Este relato mostra como o debate da determinação social do processo de saúde e doença vem ocorrendo ao longo dos eventos nacionais de educação médica, especificamente nos Congressos Brasileiros de Educação Médica (Cobem), e como isso resultou na construção coletiva e colaborativa do grupo de trabalho Populações (In)Visibilizadas e Diversidades da Abem (GT-PIVD). Discussão: Os Cobems têm ampliado as oportunidades para debates sobre determinantes sociais por meio de atividades relacionadas às questões LGBTI+, racial, da mulher e indígena. O GT-PIVD, criado em 2019, reúne um coletivo de educandos(as) e educadores(as) com o objetivo de promover esse debate na formação médica e nos eventos da Abem, além de ser uma comunidade de trocas de experiências sobre as populações (in)visibilizadas e diversidades. Conclusão: Algumas iniciativas, como a “Carta de Porto Alegre”, sobre equidade de gênero e diversidade sexual, e a criação do GT-PIVD, são produtos dos Cobem. O GT-PIVD, por meio de sua comunidade de práticas virtuais, tem se tornando um espaço importante de trocas de experiências entre educandos(as) e educadores(as) sobre racismo, sexismo, LGBTIfobia e outras violências, inclusive durante a pandemia da Covid-19.
A língua portuguesa entre as línguas de Timor-Leste: um estudo de caso numa escola secundária timorense
Authors: Ramos Rui , Carmo José do
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O cenário linguístico timorense é complexo: uma sociedade multilingue e de tradição oral, duas línguas oficiais, um grande número de línguas autóctones ágrafas, um sistema de ensino pobre, fraca formação dos professores, indecisões e contradições na política educativa ao longo do tempo. Na escola, a língua portuguesa, oficialmente uma das línguas do ensino, não é dominada por todos, competindo frequentemente com o tétum, o indonésio e línguas locais. Fora das salas de aula, quase desaparece. O presente estudo de caso apresenta os resultados de um inquérito ao domínio de línguas, às perceções e aos hábitos culturais de alunos de uma escola pública timorense, em Díli. Analisa os resultados numa perspetiva dominantemente qualitativa e discute-os, considerando inflexões das práticas culturais no ensino formal. Confirma o cenário multilingue timorense, mas permite questionar uma correlação linear entre área geográfica e língua local, pelo menos para o contexto da capital.
O papel da Feira de Ciências como estratégia motivadora para o ensino de Botânica na educação básica
Authors: Dias Francisco Yago Elias de Castro , Oliveira Rafael Domingos de , Mendes Roselita Maria de Souza , Pantoja Lydia Dayanne Maia , Bonilla Oriel Herrera , Edson-Chaves Bruno
Published: October 2020

RESUMO (O papel da Feira de Ciências como estratégia motivadora para o ensino de Botânica na educação básica). O ensino de Botânica é marcado por inúmeros problemas, como escassez de metodologias que motivem os alunos. Assim, foi proposto aos alunos das disciplinas de Botânica da Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual do Ceará a elaboração de uma Feira de Ciências, com conteúdo exclusivamente botânico utilizando mapa conceitual e outro material de livre escolha. A feira ocorreu em uma escola da rede pública de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, com participação de alunos de 9° ano ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio. Após sua realização, foi aplicado um questionário aos graduandos de forma a compreender a percepção deles a respeito da atividade. Observou-se que necessitam de uma série de fatores que possibilitem sua execução, dentre eles disponibilidade de recursos e tempo hábil para executá-la. Portanto, conclui-se que essa metodologia desperta o interesse dos alunos pelos assuntos abordados, desde que haja suporte para tal, podendo servir de complemento à metodologia exclusivamente expositiva.
Race, Class and Income Inequality in Brazil: A Social Trajectory Analysis
Authors: Salata André
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT The article deals with the relationship between race, class and income in Brazil, with the main objective of investigating the determinants of racial inequality in the country’s labour market. By making use of structural equation models, it analyses the process of setting income differentials between whites and blacks, from their social origin to the definition of wages, through schooling and occupational allocation. The analysis, based on data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey, collected in 2014, allows us to compare direct, indirect and total effects of race and social origin on income from work. Results show that, although the total effects of social origin are larger than racial effects, the former cannot explain most disadvantages suffered by blacks nowadays in Brazil, which occur mainly indirectly – through education and occupation. Thus, the study brings new, updated and more detailed evidence to a long-standing debate.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND FOLLOW-UP OF BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: ALVES José Roberto , GRAFFUNDER Fabrissio Portelinha , RECH João Vitor Ternes , TERNES Caique Martins Pereira , KOERICH-SILVA Iago
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition that raises controversy among general practitioners and specialists, especially regarding its diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up protocols. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to present the particularities and to clarify controversies related to the diagnosis, treatment and surveillance of BE. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and SciELO based on articles published in the last 10 years. PRISMA guidelines were followed and the search was made using MeSH and non-MeSH terms “Barrett” and “diagnosis or treatment or therapy or surveillance”. We searched for complete randomized controlled clinical trials or Phase IV studies, carried out with individuals over 18 years old. RESULTS: A total of 42 randomized controlled trials were selected after applying all inclusion and exclusion criteria. A growing trend of alternative and safer techniques to traditional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were identified, which could improve the detection of BE and patient acceptance. The use of chromoendoscopy-guided biopsy protocols significantly reduced the number of biopsies required to maintain similar BE detection rates. Furthermore, the value of BE chemoprophylaxis with esomeprazole and acetylsalicylic acid was relevant, as well as the establishment of protocols for the follow-up and endoscopic surveillance of patients with BE based predominantly on the presence and degree of dysplasia, as well as on the length of the follow-up affected by BE. CONCLUSION: Although further studies regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of BE are warranted, in light of the best evidence presented in the last decade, there is a trend towards electronic chromoendoscopy-guided biopsies for the diagnosis of BE, while treatment should encompass endoscopic techniques such as radiofrequency ablation. Risks of ablative endoscopic methods should be weighted against those of resective surgery. It is also important to consider lifetime endoscopic follow-up for both short and long term BE patients, with consideration to limitations imposed by a range of comorbidities. Unfortunately, there are no randomized controlled trials that have evaluated which is the best recommendation for BE follow-up and endoscopic surveillance (>1 cm) protocols, however, based on current International Guidelines, it is recommended esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) every 5 years in BE without dysplasia with 1 up to 3 cm of extension; every 3 years in BE without dysplasia with >3 up to 10 cm of extension, every 6 to 12 months in BE with low grade dysplasia and, finally, EGD every 3 months after ablative endoscopic therapy in cases of BE with high grade dysplasia.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT A REFERRAL CENTER
Authors: BERTGES Erika Ruback , CHEBLI Júlio Maria Fonseca
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) appears to be common in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The rate of SIBO has been estimated at 25%-88% in this setting. However, different demographic, socioeconomic, and disease-related factors may exist between South American and North American or European populations that may limit the generalization of these findings, as the data are mainly derived from North American or European studies. OBJECTIVE: We studied the prevalence and predictors of SIBO in CD outpatients. METHODS: In this retrospective study, between June 2011 and June 2016, the medical records of 110 CD patients were assessed for presence of SIBO using the H2/CH4 glucose breath test. Univariate analysis was performed to investigate the potential association between SIBO and demographic, disease-related data, systemic markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). RESULTS: The SIBO rate was high in CD patients (30%). Patients with and without SIBO were comparable according to demographics, systemic inflammatory biomarkers, and disease characteristics, except to the stricturing phenotype more common in the SIBO-positive CD patients (48.5% vs 19.5%, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: In Brazilian CD patients, SIBO is a highly prevalent condition. Stricturing phenotype demonstrated association with SIBO. An individualized screening plan followed by the timely treatment for SIBO should be carried out as part of quality of care improvement in CD individuals.
Are the effects of market concentration and income diversification on banking performance persistent?
Authors: Muñoz Mendoza Jorge A. , Sepúlveda Yelpo Sandra M. , Veloso Ramos Carmen L. , Delgado Fuentealba Carlos
Published: October 2020

We analyze the effects of market concentration and income diversification on banking performance. We used a sample of 134 countries for the period 1994-2011 and used the GMM estimator proposed by Arellano and Bover (1995). Our results show that market concentration and income diversification have a positive and non-linear effect on bank performance. The non-linearity suggests that the positive effect is reversed if the banking industry has high levels of market concentration and income diversification. During an economic crisis, the banking industry reduces diversification to support its performance. These results are relevant for the design of financial policy and banking strategies.
NOAA-CalCOFI Ocean Genomics (NCOG) Sample Collection v1
Authors: Rabines Ariel , Lampe Rob , Zeigler Allen Lisa , E Allen Andrew
Published: October 2020

This protocol describes our sampling strategy and techniques for the NOAA-CalCOFI Ocean Genomics (NCOG) project. In summary, seawater for DNA and RNA from multiple depths is filtered onto Sterivex filters at each station. Although the protocol is specific to this project, it is easily adaptable for other field-based sampling.
FR-Match: cell type matching for scRNAseq data v1
Authors: Renee Zhang Yun , Aevermann Brian , Scheuermann Richard
Published: October 2020

FR-Match is a supervised cell phenotype matching strategy for cluster-to-cluster cell transcriptome integration across scRNAseq experiments. An R package and Shiny application are provided at https://github.com/JCVenterInstitute/FRmatch.
Zymoclean Gel DNA Recovery--CHEM 584 v1
Authors: Christensen Ken
Published: October 2020

Product Description The Zymoclean™ Gel DNA Recovery Kit provides a hassle-free method for high yield recovery of pure DNA from agarose gels. Simply add the specially formulated Agarose Dissolving Buffer (ADB) to the gel slice containing your DNA sample, let dissolve, and then transfer to the supplied Zymo-Spin™ Column. There is no need for organic denaturants or chloroform. Instead, the product utilizes Fast-Spin column technology to yield high-quality DNA in just 15 minutes. DNA purified using the Zymoclean™ Gel DNA Recovery Kit is perfectly suited for use in DNA ligation reactions, sequencing, DNA labeling reactions, PCR, etc.
Purification of Haustoria from Arabidopsis in Response to Infection by E. cichoracearum v1
Authors: King Harley
Published: October 2020

This procedure describes steps for the purification of Arabidopthis thaliana haustoria in response to powdery mildew infection by fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum.
GERENCIAMENTO DE RESULTADO CONTÁBIL E RUPTURA DOS COVENANTS
Authors: Rezende Duarte Evaldo , Galdi Fernando Caio , Damasceno Felipe Storch
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Este trabalho discute a relação entre gerenciamento de resultado e a proximidade da ruptura dos índices estabelecidos nos covenants nas empresas brasileiras listadas na B3.

Método: Para identificar o grupo de empresas suspeitas (próximas da ruptura) foram coletados índices de ruptura dos covenants nas notas explicativas e posteriormente confrontados com os índices de desempenho gerados através de dados do Economatica. A análise foi realizada através de testes Econométricos utilizando-se da Regressão Linear Múltipla estimas por OLS e teste de média realizada através do Test t Student.

Resultados: Os resultados apontam robustas evidências de que as empresas brasileiras suspeitas (próximas da ruptura) atuam de modo a melhorar seu resultado possivelmente para evitar a ruptura dos covenants.

Contribuição: Este estudo espera contribuir com a literatura na discussão sobre Teoria da Agência e Assimetria Informacional fornecendo novo resultado, assim como aos agentes de mercado acerca da eficácia dos índices financeiros presentes nos covenants.
Afinal, do que Depende a Satisfação do Revisor para a sua Atividade na Comunicação Científica?
Authors: Frezatti Fábio , Bido Diógenes
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Identificar o que estimula ou inibe a satisfação do revisor no desempenho de suas tarefas, a partir da abordagem seminal de Katz e Kahn (1970) onde o conflito de função e a ambiguidade de função são analisados no que se refere ao papel do revisor.

Método: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de survey com a comunidade de pesquisa de contabilidade e administração, resultando em 153 questionários válidos. Para o tratamento dos dados, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e a modelagem de equações estruturais.

Resultados: O posicionamento do periódico em rankings, como Qualis e JCR está entre os aspectos que mais afetam favoravelmente a satisfação do revisor. A ambiguidade de função impacta negativamente a satisfação do revisor. Os elementos de conflito de função não foram identificados como afetando negativamente a satisfação.

Contribuições: O revisor de artigos acadêmicos desempenha uma atividade fundamental na construção do conhecimento por proporcionar o aperfeiçoamento e a confiabilidade da publicação, por isso, entender como a motivação, a ambiguidade de função e o conflito de função impactam a satisfação do revisor pode aumentar o potencial de gestão pelos editores de periódicos acadêmicos e valorizar o papel do revisor.

Palavras-chave: Revisor. Conflito de função. Ambiguidade de função. Satisfação do revisor.
MUNICIPAL SELF-GOVERNMENT OF DNIPRO UKRAINE OF THE LAST QUARTER OF 18th – EARLY 20th CENTURY IN THE HISTORICAL DISCOURSE OF THE EMPIRE ERA
Authors: Bondarenko O.
Published: October 2020

The extent of scientific development of the history of municipal self-government in Dnipro Ukraine of the last quarter of the 18th – early 20th century has been analyzed. An essential condition for the establishment of civil society in Ukraine is effective local self-government. Municipal self-government plays a key role as one of its subjects in today's urban world.

It has been determined that the historiography of this problem is represented by a considerable historiographic massif. During the imperial era, many scientific and popular educational works of local, reference and historical, and journalistic nature were accumulated. They presented the problems of the history of municipal self-government with different levels of completeness.

It was found out that in the centre of attention of scientists, first of all historians and jurists, were various issues of history of creation, formation and activity of municipal self-government, reasons of changes of legislative acts concerning self-governing institutions, relations of municipal government with state authorities, the main of which were in the sphere of power distribution.

It was found that a specific feature of the first chronological stage was the dominance of the formal legal approach and a constricted source base of research. That did not allow authors to go beyond comments and descriptions of legislative acts. A characteristic feature of the research approach of the authors of works on the history of municipal self-government of the second and third stages is, firstly, the predominance of legal and specific-historical approaches to the coverage of the topic. Secondly, there was certain ambiguity and fuzziness of conceptual and categorical apparatus which conditioned insufficient depth of theoretical analysis of the problem. At the same time, scholars of the imperial era laid a solid scientific foundation for the study of this institution by modern authors.
A case of multiple deformities
Authors: Bondarev P. G.
Published: October 2020

Is it necessary to say that any deformity of a fetus or a newborn baby is of deep interest for every doctor, and even more for a specialist obstetrician? In this case, he has to observe not only the features of the physiology of the mechanism of childbirth, but also the features of the pathological picture of the given object. It is unlikely that the obstetrician at the time when he recognizes the birth of a freak, can bring this ugliness to one or another type, because, as much as nature is harmoniously consistent, as much as it is sometimes bizarre in its variances relatively times vitiya of the fetus.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies in Kiev. Minutes No. 98
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2020

Protocol No. 98. March 17, 1898 was chaired by prof. G.E. Rein.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies in Kiev. Protocol No. 99
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2020

Protocol No. 99. April 28, 1898. It was chaired by prof. G.E. Rein.
Measurement of the fetal head in the uterine cavity
Authors: Schwab A.
Published: October 2020

Abstracts. Review of Obstetric and Gynecological literature: French.A. Schwab. Mensuration de la tete fetale dans la cavite uterine . (La Bresse medicale 1 Juin 1898, p. 298) . Changes in the fetal head in the uterine cavity.The importance of knowing the size of the fetus, in particular its head, in relation to the size of this pelvis, makes many obstetricians come up with various methods to determine these sizes before delivery. In the article, these methods are described. The method, based on the study of Dubois, Tarnier and See, consists in determining the transverse size of the fetal head by the period of pregnancy: the number of centimeters in diameter is identical to the number of months of pregnancy.