bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLANTAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA DIAGNOSIS RELATED GROUPS NA FUNDAÇÃO HOSPITALAR DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Ribeiro Martins Barbara , Fagundes Ângelo Marco Aurélio
Published: November 2021

O objetivo geral deste estudo é descrever a implantação da metodologia DRG na Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais. Os objetivos específicos são: descrever como ocorreu o planejamento, definição e operacionalização dos macroprocessos e atividades do sistema DRG em 10 hospitais da Fhemig, apresentar resultados iniciais da utilização da solução. Trata-se de um estudo de caso. O resultado foi: a implantação do DRG integra três macroprocessos que são a Definição da Política e Diretrizes Hospitalares; a Ferramenta de Gestão Hospitalar; e a Estruturação e Manutenção do Banco de Dados, com a instituição de um modelo de governança. Destacam-se os indicadores de Média de Permanência Geral com DRG e o Percentual de Altas Codificadas. Os resultados iniciais apresentam os indicadores de complexidade e desempenho hospitalar da Fhemig, além de compará-los com o SUS, Saúde Suplementar e Assistência Privada, evidenciando o vocacionamento para especialidades com tendência para case mix maiores na Fhemig. Conclui-se que, com o processo de implantação, foi possível realizar um diagnóstico do perfil assistencial e do desempenho.
Influence of Weight Bearing Dorsiflexion (WBDF) on Ankle Injury History Among Semi-professional Recreational Basketball Players
Authors: Senanayake Sameera , Premakumara Tharanga , Kodagoda Piyumika , Jayasekara Harindu
Published: November 2021

Ankle injuries are one of the most common occurrences in the field of sports. Weight bearing dorsiflexion range can be an effecting factor in ankle injuries. Weight bearing lunge test is used to assess weight bearing dorsiflexion. By using this test as a standard testing protocol, it is possible to minimize development of further sport related ankle injuries.  But this test for basketball players with ankle injuries has not been studied yet. The current study will aim to examine the weight bearing dorsiflexion of basketball players related to their gender, ankle injury history and leg dominance. A quasi-experimental design study was conducted. Thirty-four (34) participants were recruited and initially and two (2) were excluded. 18 participants were male and 14 were female basketball players in Colombo Blues and Kotelawala Defence University basketball teams. The average of age of the sample was 21.8 years. Demographic data, information about training time, injury history of the participants was obtained using an interview administered assessment form. The Weight Bearing Dorsiflexion was measured using digital inclinometer. Findings indicated that the weight bearing dorsiflexion range is smaller than that of males (p>0.05). There was a significant difference in weight bearing dorsiflexion and ankle injury history (p<0.01) among players. Significant differences were seen in influence in leg dominance to weight bearing dorsiflexion (p<0.05). This is the first study that is investigated weight bearing dorsiflexion among basketball players in Sri Lanka. No significant difference was found between gender and weight bearing dorsiflexion. A significant difference was determined between ankle injury history and weight bearing dorsiflexion. Furthermore, a significant difference was found in leg dominance and weight bearing dorsiflexion.
Traversing Doctoral Borderlands : Black doctoral students’ experiences of identity construction in South Africa
Authors:   , Hwami Rudo Fortunate
Published: November 2021

Doctoral studies are described as a process of formation and becoming. This is an in-between space between unknowing and knowing, within and without the ivory tower of academia. In this in-between space the doctoral candidate takes the role of a novice and apprentice unlearning the student/unknowing past and learning to become a professional in academia. This project utilises the borderlands theory to understand the experiences of doctoral students as they undergo the process of becoming and intellectual identity formation. Whilst ‘journey’ and other metaphors that have been used to understand doctoral student experiences capture the process of becoming as a progression through the liminal stages – proposal, literature review, context, writing, reading etc. These stages presuppose temporality of being leading to stasis/completion. I argue that such conceptualisation of doctoral studies, although useful, depict one side of the story and provide a limited, monolithic, and homogenising understanding of the spatial configurations of doctoral space and intellectual identity formation. The dominant discourses of doctoral conceived and perceived space, liminal stages and understanding of doctoral student experiences, mask the more latent and intimate liminal stages of intellectual identity formation. Drawing from borderlands theory, I firstly argue for a holistic approach to understanding the spatiality of doctorate studies. Secondly, I argue that liminality is an everyday process integral to human existence where one is always in a state of ideological transition. An important state of liminality is the awareness of ‘Self’ in perpetual motion, caught between two worlds dominated/dominator and two ideologies of oppression/resistance. If this side of liminality is not made visible, institutional spaces, such as the doctorate, privileged with the power to disseminate and position onto-epistemologies as universal can be used to reproduce and reinforce exclusionary onto-epistemologies that subsequently impact intellectual identity formation. Using Lefebvre’s (1991) rhythmanalysis method, I use student experiences not as mere data for analysis, but as an act of envisioning, reinventing and coknowledge production to propose borderlands as a new metaphor to study doctoral spatial realities and the experiences of the students that traverse through it.
Classificação e Interpretação de dados do Cadastro Ambiental Rural utilizando técnicas de Aprendizagem de Máquina
Authors: Borges Fernando Elias Melo , Ferreira Danton Diego , Couto Júnior Antônio Carlos de Sousa
Published: November 2021

The Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) consists of a mandatory public electronic registry for all rural properties in the Brazilian territory, integrates environmental information of the properties, assists the monitoring of them and the fight against deforestation. However, a large number of registrations are carried out erroneously generating inconsistent data, leading these to be canceled and/or to be requested to correct the registration. Performing automatic verification of these records is important to improve the processing of records. This paper proposes an automatic classification method to approve or cancel the CAR registers with interpretation of the classifications performed. For this, four machine learning-based classifiers were tested and the results were evaluated. The model with the best performance was used to interpret the classification using the Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm. The results showed the potential of the method in future real applications.
Estudo de Abordagens para Classificação de Textos sobre Dúvidas Tributárias Utilizando Mineração de Texto
Authors: Dantas Rodrigo , Figueiredo Karla , Andrade Leonardo
Published: November 2021

A SEFAZ-RJ possui um canal de atendimento pelo Sistema “Fale Conosco” usado para esclarecer dúvidas de contribuintes enviadas por e-mail. Com o distanciamento social, ocasionado pela COVID-19, a automatização das respostas para um maior volume de mensagens recebidas, tornou-se fundamental. Dessa forma, esse trabalho apresenta investigação de técnicas de Mineração de Texto, visando, em um primeiro momento, a classificação das mensagens de contribuintes a partir de técnicas de Machine Learning/Deep Learning para a automatização do processo de respostas aos contribuintes. Os resultados obtidos contribuíram para uma proposta de reformulação do formulário de dúvidas dos contribuintes, além de indicarem técnicas mais promissoras para se iniciar o processo de automatização do ``Fale Conosco'' da SEFAZ-RJ.
Data Mining applied on Web Robots Detection: A Systematic Mapping
Authors: Abilio Ramon , Garcia Cristiano , Fernandes Victor
Published: November 2021

Browsing on Internet is part of the world population’s daily routine. The number of web pages is increasing and so is the amount of published content (news, tutorials, images, videos) provided by them. Search engines use web robots to index web contents and to offer better results to their users. However, web robots have also been used for exploiting vulnerabilities in web pages. Thus, monitoring and detecting web robots’ accesses is important in order to keep the web server as safe as possible. Data Mining methods have been applied to web server logs (used as data source) in order to detect web robots. Then, the main objective of this work was to observe evidences of definition or use of web robots detection by analyzing web server-side logs using Data Mining methods. Thus, we conducted a systematic Literature mapping, analyzing papers published between 2013 and 2020. In the systematic mapping, we analyzed 34 studies and they allowed us to better understand the area of web robots detection, mapping what is being done, the data used to perform web robots detection, the tools, and algorithms used in the Literature. From those studies, we extracted 33 machine learning algorithms, 64 features, and 13 tools. This study is helpful for researchers to find machine learning algorithms, features, and tools to detect web robots by analyzing web server logs.
1,2,3-Triazole- and Quinoline-based Hybrids with Potent Antiplasmodial Activity
Authors: Ferreira Vitor F. , Graciano Isabela A. , de Carvalho Alcione S. , de Carvalho da Silva Fernando
Published: November 2021

Background:

Malaria is a disease causing millions of victims every year and requires new
drugs, often due to parasitic strain mutations. Thus, the search for new molecules that possess antimalarial
activity is constant and extremely important. However, the potential that an antimalarial
drug possesses cannot be ignored, and molecular hybridization is a good strategy to design new
chemical entities.

Objective:

This review article aims to emphasize recent advances in the biological activities of new
1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids and their place in the development of new biologically
active substances. More specifically, it intends to present the synthetic methods that have been utilized
for the syntheses of hybrid 1,2,3-triazoles with quinoline nuclei.

Method:

We have comprehensively and critically discussed all the information available in the literature
regarding 1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids with potent antiplasmodial activity.

Results:

The quinoline nucleus has already been proven to lead to new chemical entities in the pharmaceutical
market, such as drugs for the treatment of malaria and other diseases. The same can be
said about the 1,2,3-triazole heterocycle, which has been shown to be a beneficial scaffold for the
construction of new drugs with several activities. However, only a few triazoles have entered the
pharmaceutical market as drugs.

Conclusion:

Many studies have been conducted to develop new substances that may circumvent the
resistance developed by the parasite that causes malaria, thereby improving the therapy currently
used.
Coral Reef Mapping Using Remote Sensing Techniques and a Supervised Classification Algorithm
Authors:   Ocean Mapping Diploma Program, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada, A1C 5R3, White Erina , Mohseni Farzane ,   Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Amani Meisam ,   Wood Environment and Infrastructure Solutions, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K2E 7L5
Published: November 2021

The vitality of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is threatened by many human-made impacts. Monitoring this ecosystem makes it possible to study the general condition and the health of the GBR. However, due to the large extent of the GBR and limited accessibility in the ocean environment, mapping and monitoring this ecosystem has been always challenging task and connived. In this regard, Remote Sensing (RS) is an effective technique that provides valuable information for mapping and monitoring this ecosystem. In an attempt to monitor the GBR, this article applied a supervised machine learning algorithm to classify the Landsat 8 imagery collected over the GBR. To this end, the spectral responses of coral reefs, shallow water, deep ocean, rocks and sands, and green alga were initially determined from the satellite images. This information was then ingested to the Maximum Likelihood supervised classifier to map coral reefs in the GBR. Additionally, this study discusses how the GBR has been affected by anthropogenic disturbance. The results provide confirmatory evidence that RS techniques present great promise as a means of mapping coral reefs and monitoring their general conditions. We used the ambiguity matrix and validation data to estimate the accuracy of the proposed method. Overall, the proposed method was able to identify 5 different classes considered in this article with an average accuracy of 90%.
Chinese Americans’ Use of Patient Portal Systems: Scoping Review
Authors: Lawrence Katharine , Chong Stella , Krelle Holly , Roberts Timothy , Thorpe Lorna , Trinh-Shevrin Chau , Yi Stella , Kwon Simona
Published: November 2021

Background

Electronic patient portals are increasingly used in health care systems as communication and information-sharing tools and show promise in addressing health care access, quality, and outcomes. However, limited research exists on portal use patterns and practices among diverse patient populations, resulting in the lack of culturally and contextually tailored portal systems for these patients.

Objective

This study aimed to summarize existing evidence on the access and use patterns, barriers, and facilitators of patient portals among Chinese Americans, who represent a growing patient population in the United States with unique health care and health technology needs.

Methods

The authors conducted a literature search using the PRISMA Protocol for Scoping Reviews (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-ScR) for extracting articles published in major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO) on patient portals and Chinese Americans. Authors independently reviewed the papers during initial screening and full-text review. The studies were analyzed and coded for the study method type, sample population, and main outcomes of interest.

Results

In total, 17 articles were selected for inclusion in the review. The included articles were heterogenous and varied in their study aims, methodologies, sample populations, and outcomes. Major findings identified from the articles include variable patterns of portal access and use among Chinese Americans compared to other racial or ethnic groups, with limited evidence on the specific barriers and facilitators for this group; a preference for cross-sectional quantitative tools such as patient surveys and electronic health record–based data over qualitative or other methodologies; and a pattern of aggregating Chinese American–related data into a larger Asian or Asian American designation.

Conclusions

There is limited research evaluating the use patterns, experiences, and needs of Chinese Americans who access and use patient portal systems. Existing research is heterogeneous, largely cross-sectional, and does not disaggregate Chinese Americans from larger Asian demographics. Future research should be devoted to the specific portal use patterns, preferences, and needs of Chinese Americans to help ensure contextually appropriate and acceptable design and implementation of these digital health tools.
Effects of Social Media Use for Health Information on COVID-19–Related Risk Perceptions and Mental Health During Pregnancy: Web-Based Survey
Authors: Wang Qian , Xie Luyao , Song Bo , Di Jiangli , Wang Linhong , Mo Phoenix Kit-Han
Published: November 2021

Background

Social media has become an important source of health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Very little is known about the potential mental impact of social media use on pregnant women.

Objective

This study aims to examine the association between using social media for health information and risk perception for COVID-19, worry due to COVID-19, and depression among pregnant women in China.

Methods

A total of 4580 pregnant women were recruited from various provinces of China. The participants completed a cross-sectional, web-based survey in March 2020.

Results

More than one-third (1794/4580, 39.2%) of the participants reported always using social media for obtaining health information. Results of structural equation modeling showed that the frequency of social media use for health information was positively associated with perceived susceptibility (β=.05; P<.001) and perceived severity (β=.12; P<.001) of COVID-19, which, in turn, were positively associated with worry due to COVID-19 (β=.19 and β=.72, respectively; P<.001). Perceived susceptibility (β=.09; P<.001), perceived severity (β=.08; P<.001), and worry due to COVID-19 (β=.15; P<.001) all had a positive association with depression. Bootstrapping analysis showed that the indirect effects of frequency of social media use for health information on both worry due to COVID-19 (β=.09, 95% CI 0.07-0.12) and depression (β=.05, 95% CI 0.02-0.07) were statistically significant.

Conclusions

This study provides empirical evidence on how social media use for health information might have a negative impact on the mental health of pregnant women. Interventions are needed to equip this population with the skills to use social media properly and with caution.
Understanding the Information Needs of Patients With Ovarian Cancer Regarding Genetic Testing to Inform Intervention Design: Interview Study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yi Siqi , Trace Ciaran B , Williams-Brown Marian Yvette
Published: November 2021

Background

Experts in gynecological cancer care recommend that all patients with invasive or high-grade ovarian cancer (OC) undergo genetic testing. However, even patients who intend to take or have taken genetic tests have many unaddressed information needs regarding genetic testing. Existing genetic counseling falls short of adequately addressing this challenge.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the genetic testing–related information needs of patients with OC to inform the design of interactive technology-based interventions that can enhance communication of genetic testing information to patients.

Methods

We interviewed 20 patients with OC who had taken genetic tests and gathered genetic testing–related messages from an active OC web-based community. The interview transcripts and web-based community messages were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method.

Results

Data analyses produced a comprehensive taxonomy of the genetic testing–related information needs of patients with OC, which included five major topic clusters: knowledge of genetic testing as a medical test, genetic testing process, genetic testing implications for patients, implications for family members, and medical terminology. Findings indicated that patients wanted to receive information that was relevant, understandable, concise, usable, appropriate, sympathetic, and available when needed. They also preferred various channels to receive information, including internet-based technologies, print, and conversations with health care providers.

Conclusions

Patients with OC need a range of information to address the uncertainties and challenges that they encounter while taking genetic tests. Their preferences for channels to receive information vary widely. A multichannel information delivery solution that combines both provider-led and peer-to-peer education models is needed to supplement existing genetic counseling to effectively meet the genetic testing–related information needs of patients with OC.
Educators' Perspectives on Integrating Technology Into Sexual Health Education: Implementation Study
Authors: Decker Martha J , Harrison Salish , Price Melisa , Gutmann-Gonzalez Abigail , Yarger Jennifer , Tenney Rachel
Published: November 2021

Background

In the last decade, the use of technology-based sexual health education has increased. Multiple studies have shown the feasibility of technology-based interventions, while a subset has also shown efficacy in improving youths’ sexual health outcomes such as increased condom use and knowledge. However, little is known about health educators’ experiences in integrating technology to augment sexual health curricula.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions and experiences of health educators regarding the incorporation of technology into a sexual health education program designed for underserved youth in Fresno County, California, and to identify facilitators and challenges to incorporating technology into the in-person curriculum.

Methods

This implementation study used data collected as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate In the Know (ITK), an in-person sexual health education curriculum that includes technology-based content, such as a resource locator, videos, and games, which can be accessed through a mobile app or website. Data from implementation logs from each cohort (n=51) and annual interviews (n=8) with health educators were analyzed to assess the health educators’ experiences using the technology and adaptations made during the implementation.

Results

The health educators reported that technological issues affected implementation to some degree: 87% of the time in the first year, which decreased to 47% in the third year as health educators’ familiarity with the app increased and functionality improved. Technology issues were also more common in non–school settings. Successes and challenges in 3 domains emerged: managing technology, usability of the ITK app, and youth engagement. The health educators generally had positive comments about the app and youth engagement with the technology-based content and activities; however, they also noted certain barriers to adolescents’ use of the mobile app including limited data storage and battery life on mobile phones.

Conclusions

Health educators require training and support to optimize technology as a resource for engaging with youth and providing sensitive information. Although technology is often presented as a solution to reach underserved populations, educational programs should consider the technological needs and limitations of the participants, educators, and settings.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/18060
A Virtual Coach (Motibot) for Supporting Healthy Coping Strategies Among Adults With Diabetes: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Bassi Giulia , Giuliano Claudio , Perinelli Alessio , Forti Stefano , Gabrielli Silvia , Salcuni Silvia
Published: November 2021

Background

Motivation is a core component of diabetes self-management because it allows adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) to adhere to clinical recommendations. In this context, virtual coaches (VCs) have assumed a central role in supporting and treating common barriers related to adherence. However, most of them are mainly focused on medical and physical purposes, such as the monitoring of blood glucose levels or following a healthy diet.

Objective

This proof-of-concept study aims to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a VC intervention for psychosocial support before and after the intervention and at follow-up. The intent of this VC is to motivate adults with type 1 DM and type 2 DM to adopt and cultivate healthy coping strategies to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and diabetes-related emotional distress, while also improving their well-being.

Methods

A total of 13 Italian adults with DM (18-51 years) interacted with a VC, called Motibot (motivational bot) using the Telegram messaging app. The interaction covered 12 sessions, each lasting 10 to 20 minutes, during which the user could dialogue with the VC by inputting text or tapping an option on their smartphone screen. Motibot is developed within the transtheoretical model of change to deliver the most appropriate psychoeducational intervention based on the user’s motivation to change.

Results

Results showed that over the 12 sessions, there were no significant changes before and after the intervention and at follow-up regarding psychosocial factors. However, most users showed a downward trend over the 3 time periods in depression and anxiety symptoms, thereby presenting good psychological well-being and no diabetes-related emotional distress. In addition, users felt motivated, involved, encouraged, emotionally understood, and stimulated by Motibot during the interaction. Indeed, the analyses of semistructured interviews, using a text mining approach, showed that most users reported a perceived reduction in anxiety, depression, and/or stress symptoms. Moreover, users indicated the usefulness of Motibot in supporting and motivating them to find a mindful moment for themselves and to reflect on their own emotions.

Conclusions

Motibot was well accepted by users, particularly because of the inclusion of mindfulness practices, which motivated them to adopt healthy coping skills. To this extent, Motibot provided psychosocial support for adults with DM, particularly for those with mild and moderate symptoms, whereas those with severe symptoms may benefit more from face-to-face psychotherapy.
The Current State and Validity of Digital Assessment Tools for Psychiatry: Systematic Review
Authors: Martin-Key Nayra A , Spadaro Benedetta , Funnell Erin , Barker Eleanor Jane , Schei Thea Sofie , Tomasik Jakub , Bahn Sabine
Published: November 2021

Background

Given the role digital technologies are likely to play in the future of mental health care, there is a need for a comprehensive appraisal of the current state and validity (ie, screening or diagnostic accuracy) of digital mental health assessments.

Objective

The aim of this review is to explore the current state and validity of question-and-answer–based digital tools for diagnosing and screening psychiatric conditions in adults.

Methods

This systematic review was based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework and was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, ASSIA, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were systematically searched for articles published between 2005 and 2021. A descriptive evaluation of the study characteristics and digital solutions and a quantitative appraisal of the screening or diagnostic accuracy of the included tools were conducted. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the revised tool for the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2.

Results

A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria, with the most frequently evaluated conditions encompassing generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and any depressive disorder. Most of the studies used digitized versions of existing pen-and-paper questionnaires, with findings revealing poor to excellent screening or diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity=0.32-1.00, specificity=0.37-1.00, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.57-0.98) and a high risk of bias for most of the included studies.

Conclusions

The field of digital mental health tools is in its early stages, and high-quality evidence is lacking.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/25382
Using Nominalization in Scientific Texts; A Practical Review of the Related Studies
Authors: Dezfuli Elaheh Navak
Published: November 2021

Many scholars have focused on using the nominalization over the scientific discourse. On the other hand many scholars have focused on the historic origins of nominalization in scientific discourse (Banks, 2005); realizing the grammatical metaphor in modern prose fiction (Farahani & Hadidi, 2008). Furthermore, Susinskiene (2009) examined the influence of verb-based nominalization to cohesion over the history texts. Baratta (2010) examined moreover using the nominalization in the writing performance of six undergraduate students. Finally, Wenyan (2012), examined the role of nominalization in the English Medical Papers (EMP) created by native English speakers and Chinese writers. These investigations have focused the vital role of using the nominalization in the skillful arrangement of academic discourse. Nevertheless, the realization between discipline specificity and nominalization is not focused a lot. In the current paper, the researcher tried to review the nominalization use and related studies which have been conducted in this regard. Hopefully, results of the current investigation is useful for a number of people who can benefit the results namely students of applied linguistics who want to understand the related studies about nominalization, researchers who want to conduct their studies of nominalization and interested people to applied linguistics.
DISCOSOMES: A FUTURISTIC UPHEAVAL IN VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: MARY JOSE AMITHA , LAKSHMI V. U. , S. GAYATHRI , C. NAIR SREEJA
Published: November 2021

The formulation system employed to convey pharmaceutical drugs compound in the body to attain the desired therapeutic effect at a predetermined rate depending on pharmacological aspects, drug profile, and physiological conditions can be referred to as a novel drug delivery system (NDDS). Due to the intricately sensitive anatomy and physiology of the eye pharmacologist find the ocular delivery system to be more involuted than other routes. Pre-corneal, static and dynamic is the 3 types of ophthalmic barriers, which along with the inflow and outflow of lacrimal fluids, nasolacrimal drainage, are some of the germane factors that affect bioavailability. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where the distribution of drugs in non-targeted body fluids and tissues transcends the quantity of required drug in targeted tissues and causes repercussions, these modified drug delivery systems surpass the ocular barriers and adverse reactions, emphasizing on less invasive, prolonged action. It also promotes sustained release formulation that subjugates the drug loss or degradation to treat many ocular diseases effectively. The current review recapitulates the fundamentals of discosomes, a type of vesicular drug delivery system that acts as a vehicle for the drug delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Discosomes are giant, disc-shaped structures modified from niosomes by arresting the vesicles at the discosome phase. Due to their idiosyncratic size, it provides all due benefits compared to other ocular drug delivery systems. From the review, it can be culminated that discosomes are a potential subject of opposition and opportunities in the arena of safe and effective ocular drug delivery.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF SOFOSBUVIR AND DACLATASVIR IN PURE AND DOSAGE FORMS
Authors: Z. SAAD MONIR , AMER ATEF , ELGENDY KHALED , ELGENDY BASEM
Published: November 2021

Objective: Two simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DAC) in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations.
Methods: The proposed methods are based on the oxidation of SOF and DAC by a known excess of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate in sulphuric acid medium followed by determination of unreacted cerium(IV) by adding a fixed amount of indigo carmine (IC) and alizarin red S (ARS) dyes followed by measuring the absorbance at 610 and 360 nm, respectively. The experimental conditions affecting the reaction were studied and optimized.
Results: The beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 0.2-3.0, 0.2-4.0 for SOF and 0.5-4.5 and 0.5-5.0 μg/ml for DAC using IC and ARS methods, respectively with a correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9991. The calculated molar absorptivity values are 2.354 × 104, 1.933 × 104 for SOF and 1.786 × 104 and 2.015 × 104 L/mol. cm for DAC using IC and ARS methods, respectively u. The limits of detection and quantification are also reported. Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of the methods have been evaluated.
Conclusion: The methods were successfully applied to the assay of SOF and DAC in tablets and the results were statistically compared with those of the reference method by applying Student’s t-test and F-test. No interference was observed from the common tablet excipients. The accuracy and reliability of the methods were further ascertained by performing recovery studies using the standard addition method.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Aluminium Powder-mixed EDM process using GRA and TOPSIS Technique based on Fuzzy AHP approach
Authors: Kazi Fahad , Waghmare C.A , Sohani M.S
Published: November 2021

Electric discharge machining is an advanced machining technique. Spark is initiated between the tool and work piece interface which has a gap between them. Low material removal rate as well as low surface finish is a major concern of this process. Therefore, Powder mixed electric discharge machining is developed. In PMEDM process, powders like silicon, aluminium, chromium, manganese, etc. are circulated along with dielectric fluid in a particular proportion. In this present study, aluminium powder is mixed in the dielectric fluid. The responses such as material removal rate, tool wear rate and surface roughness are measured by considering current, pulse on time and aluminium powder concentration as process parameters. Response surface methodology along with Fuzzy AHP TOPSIS and Grey relational analysis are used for optimization.
Efficiency of biostimulation and bioaugmentation processes in the treatment of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons
Authors: Rojas Arias Nicolás , Blanco-Zúñiga Cesar René , Cuadros Astrid
Published: November 2021

En este trabajo, se estudió y comparó dos procesos de biorremediación de lodos generados en estaciones de servicio y estaciones de venta de combustibles de la ciudad de Tunja-Boyacá, Colombia, los cuales están contaminados con hidrocarburos totales de petróleo (TPH). Las muestras de lodo se recolectaron en las trampas de grasas de las estaciones para ser tratadas mediante técnicas de bioestimulación y bioaumentación; comparar los resultados con una muestra de control para evaluar la eficiencia de los procesos. Las pruebas se realizaron durante 12 semanas, observando las variaciones de temperatura, pH, humedad y concentración final de TPH. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la técnica de bioaumentación presenta un mejor desempeño en la remoción de TPH, alcanzando una disminución del 75.4% en TPH. La técnica de bioestimulación presentó los resultados más bajos, alcanzando solo el 54,9% para el mismo período de tiempo evaluado. A partir de la proyección se establece que la técnica de bioaumentación tendría la capacidad de reducir los tiempos de tratamiento hasta en un 28,6% (6 semanas), lo que repercute a largo plazo en los costes y la implementación del tratamiento biológico. Estos resultados abren la posibilidad de implementar este tipo de tratamientos a escala real para gestionar este tipo de subproductos generados en el ámbito de la venta de combustibles por ser altamente tóxicos para el medio ambiente y la salud humana.
The Slavic Qur’an Translation of the 16th–18th Centuries: Poland and Russia
Authors: Mukhetdinov D. V.
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to continue and develop the research cycle on history of Qur’an translations in Europe. The paper deals with rethinking of possible background of Russian Qur’an translations, commonly traced back up to the first half of the 19th century. Ca. 1800 the tradition of Qur’an translating in Russia was already rich and varied in its scientific, literary and religious contexts. However, its origin could be found in the earlier similar tradition of Lithuanian Tatars, which was developed at least from the 16th century in intellectual space of the three states, namely Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rzeczpospolita and Tsardom of Russia. This Muslim ethnocultural group shaped their own Qur’an translation school in the West Russian (Ruthenian, Old Belorusian) language closely related to modern Russian.
Day Case GreenLight Laser Photoselective Vaporisation of the Prostate (GL-PVP)
Authors: Trail Matthew , Good Daniel , Clyde Danielle , Brodie Katie , Leung Steve , Simpson Helen , Grzegorz Kata Slawomir , Tsafrakidis Petros , Chapman Richard A , Mitchell Ian , Janjua Khalid , Jaafari Feras Al
Published: November 2021

Background and Objective

In recent years, GreenLight laser photoselective vaporisation of the prostate (GL-PVP) has emerged as the primary ablative surgical treatment option for symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Unlike the reference procedure, monopolar-transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP), GL-PVP can be performed as a day case. As waiting list pressures continue to burden health boards across the UK, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, enhanced access to day case surgery to optimise patient flow is now of paramount importance. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of day case GL-PVP at our high-volume UK centre and identified predictors of a postoperative overnight stay.

Material and Methods

We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of all patients who underwent primary GL-PVP at a single institution between October 2016 and June 2021. All procedures were performed utilising the 180W GreenLight XPS™ laser therapy system. Various clinical, operative and functional data were collated, and outcomes were compared between patients who underwent day case surgery and those admitted overnight postoperatively.

Results

In all, 538 patients underwent GL-PVP during the study period. Median patient age was 72 (interquartile range (IQR) 66–77), and median prostate volume was 62.5cc (IQR 45–90). Five hundred nineteen patients (96.5%) were discharged within 23 hours of admission, and 366 patients (68.0%) were managed as a true day case. Operative and functional outcomes were comparable between patients managed as a day case and those admitted overnight. There was higher patient-reported satisfaction and a lower rate of early hospital readmission in the day-case group. On univariate logistic regression analysis, patients aged ≥80 years (Odds Ratio 2.64 [95% Confidence Interval 1.65– 4.24], p = < 0.001), those with American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification score ≥3 (OR 1.92 [95% CI 1.33–2.78], p = < 0.001), those with prostate volume ≥80cc (OR 1.62 [95% CI 1.00–2.61], p = 0.05) and those in whom the operation time ≥60 minutes (OR 1.66 [95% CI 1.10–2.52], p = 0.02) were more likely to be admitted overnight following GL-PVP. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, age ≥80 (OR 2.64 [95% CI 1.47–4.73], p = 0.001) and ASA score ≥3 (OR 2.03 [95% CI 1.28–3.22], p = 0.003) remained predictive variables of an overnight stay.

Conclusion

From our observations of a large cohort of patients over a study period of almost five years, day case GLPVP is a feasible concept and does not appear to compromise perioperative outcomes. With appropriate service redesign and optimisation of postoperative patient pathways, day case GL-PVP can be established in other centres and may have a role in alleviating waiting list pressures.
THE IMPERATIVE OF EDUCATING NEW GENERATIONS IN THE STATE EDUCATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: VALUES, FACTORS, TOOLS
Authors:   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P.A. Stolypin, Branch of RANEPA, AFANASIEVA K.A.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to consider the qualitative aspects of the modernization of the educational space of the Russian Federation on the basis of a political analysis of this process. The author presents the features of preparation and adoption of political and legal decisions in the field of education. It is considered in the article that many documents adopted in the field of education do not specify the mechanism for implementing the established norms and the required sources of funding. As a result, the conclusion is substantiated about the purposeful depoliticization of education and the transfer of the functions of educating the younger generation to other institutional formats that are not directly related to the education system. At the present stage, the mechanisms of interaction between the government and society in the field under study are mainly represented by an open public discussion. But the nature of the dialogue, expressed in the tacit disregard of public opinion by the state authorities, speaks of a hidden confrontation between the parties, which at times becomes open.
THE CONFRONTATION OF THE PARTIES TO THE SEPARATIST CONFLICT BY MEANS OF «SOFT POWER» (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CATALONIA AND SCOTLAND)
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, TYURIN E.A. , SAVINOVA E.N. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, PEREVERZEVA О.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2021

The article attempts to apply the concept of «soft power», characteristic of international relations, to analyze the struggle of participants in separatist conflicts at the national level. The purpose of the study is to consider the «soft power» resources and tools of each of the parties to the conflict between Catalonia and Spain and the conflict between Scotland and the United Kingdom. The main research methods are general logical, institutional and comparative. It is concluded that in the countries under consideration, in the conditions of the manifestation of separatism, the «soft power» has obvious socio-cultural, political, institutional and legal grounds. According to the authors, despite the specifics of the «soft power» confrontation, in each of the cases considered, culture in its various manifestations, image strategies of the parties to the conflict, as well as the institution of the monarchy are crucial.
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE CYCLICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, LYAPINA I.R. , ZHURAVLEVA T.A. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, SKOBLIAKOVA I.V. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research is to study of the features of the influence of social institutions on the cyclicality and dynamics of economic development in the context of identifying the role of social institutions at individual phases of the cycle of economic development, as well as consideration of the functions and tools of social institutions by phases of economic development. The subject of the research is a set of roles, functions and tools of social institutions related to different phases of the cycle of economic development. The methodological base is formed for the implementation of scientific research tasks. Its tools are methods that allow reflecting the features of the influence of social institutions on the cyclical nature of the economy: the method of theoretical foundations, the method of grouping, the method of analysis, the method of comparison, the method of implication. As a result of the study, it is indicated that the functions of social institutions should be highlighted: the consolidation of emerging social relations, adaptation, regulatory processes, a communication basis and a translational basis. The instruments that influence economic fluctuations are formed in the context of social institutions. Thus, the institution of the family is characterized by the use of an optimization mechanism, the concept of sustainability of social relations, the concept of production and distribution of economic benefits in order to meet the needs of each of the subjects.
RELEVANCE OF APPLICATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE ACTIVITIES OF MODERN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   State Humanitarian and Technological University, GUZHINA G.N. , EZHKOVA V.G. ,   State Humanitarian and Technological University
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the category of "project management" and determine the relevance of its application in the activities of organizations. When conducting the analysis, the emphasis is placed on the fact that for effective management of business entities, development projects must be implemented throughout the entire existing life cycle and stimulate an increase in the competitive position of the enterprise, endow its products and services with key competitors with advantages, which makes the topic under consideration relevant. On the basis of a comparative assessment, it has been proved that project management is aimed at constantly increasing the economic efficiency of an enterprise, which is necessary for a modern organization in the current environment. It has been determined that project management is the most effective tool with which you can achieve high results in the conduct of modern business. In the study, project management is understood as a professional activity aimed at solving unique problems using special knowledge, methods, tools and technologies. From the standpoint of the authors, development projects should be introduced into the overall strategy of economic entities and implemented systematically.
EXPERT ANALYSIS: PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNAL TOURISM IN THE REGION (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ORLOV REGION)
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, LIVTSOV V.A. , ALEXEYONOK E.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to present a comprehensive analysis of the results of an expert survey, prospects for the development of domestic tourism in the region. Research methods: the empirical basis of this work is the results of an expert survey «The state of the region's infrastructure for tourism development», conducted in April 2021 under a grant from the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs (Rosmolodezh) All-Russian professional competition «Master of Hospitality - 2020». The main factors of increasing the attractiveness of the region for domestic tourism are highlighted. The constraining conditions for the development of domestic tourism in the region have been identified. The authors have structured the factors of stagnation of domestic tourism and identified promising ways to overcome them. As part of the organization of management activities for the development of regional tourism, experts note the need to create an information management body, find and promote the brand of the territory using effective advertising. Experts have identified successfully existing tourist destinations and a high level of the region's potential (its cultural, historical and literary heritage, natural and climatic conditions).