bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yeast microflora of dairy products sold in Russia
Authors: Tuaeva A. Yu. , Ponomareva A. M. , Livshits V. A. , Naumova E. S.
Published: December 2024

Using restriction analysis of the 5.8S-ITS rDNA fragment and sequencing of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA, the yeast microflora of various dairy products sold in Russia was studied. Most of the fermented milk products studied were dominated by lactose-utilizing yeasts Kluyveromyces and Debaryomyces, as well as lactose-negative yeasts Saccharomyces, Monosporozyma, Pichia, Geotrichum and Yarrowia. The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus was present in most of the fermented milk products studied, while the related species K. lactis was found only in some samples of ayran, curds and cheese. The dominance of K. marxianus is apparently associated with their physiological characteristics (thermo- and osmotolerance), which provide these yeasts with better adaptation to industrial fermentation conditions. The dominant species in mixed-fermentation dairy products, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Monosporozyma unispora, were completely absent in cheeses and lactic acid fermentation products. In general, the species composition of yeasts largely depended on the fermented milk product, the type of milk and the specific manufacturer.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EAS NEUTRON COMPONENT WITHACCOUNTING FOR THE EFFICIENCY OF NEUTRON DETECTION
Authors: Gromushkin D. M. , Amelchakov M. B. , Volkov E. P. , Pochestnev A. D. , Khokhlov S. S. , Chernov D. O. , Shulzhenko I. A. , Yuzhakova E. A.
Published: December 2024

A new algorithm for selecting signals caused by the detection of neutrons is described. The estimates of itseffectiveness for the PRISMA-32 and URAN arrays are presented. Using this algorithm, for various air-shower sizes the number of neutrons was reconstructed, the time distributions of neutrons and their lateraldistribution functions were obtained.
PROJECT OLVE (OBSERVATORY OF HIGH-ENERGY COSMICRAYS): OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN FORM
Authors: Podorozhny D. M. , Karmanov D. E. , Kovalev I. M. , Kurganov A. A. , Panov A. D. , Turundaevsky A. N.
Published: December 2024

The High Energy Cosmic Ray Observatory (HERO) is an experimental design for the direct study of cosmicrays based on the use of an ultra-heavy ionization calorimeter. The effective geometric factor of the facilitywill be at least 12 2sr for cosmic-ray protons and at least 16–20 2sr for nuclei and electrons. During 5–7 years of exposure, this mission will make it possible to measure the energy spectra of all common andrare cosmic-ray nuclei in the energy region 1012–1016 eV/particle with element-by-element resolution ofthe charge of nuclei and with sufficiently high energy resolution. It is planned to study not only the chargerange of cosmic-ray nuclei Z=1−26, but also the detection of super-heavy nuclei beyond the iron peak,as well as high-energy electrons, positrons and gamma rays. The main objectives, design appearance andcharacteristics of the space mission are discussed.
SEARCH FOR HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA QUANTA FROMTHE CYGNUS COCOON SOURCE IN OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 2020
Authors: Okuneva E. , Sveshnikova L. , Astapov I. , Bezyazykov P. , Blinov A. , Borodin A. , Bonvech E. , Budnev N. , Bulan A. , Busygin P. , Vaidyanatan A. , Volkov N. , Volchugov P. , Voronin D. , Gafarov A. , Gres E. , Gres O. , Gres T. , Grishin O. , Garmash A. , Grebenyuk V. , Grinyuk A. , Dyachok A. , Zhurov D. , Zagorodnikov A. , Ivanova A. , Ivanova A. , Ilyushin M. , Kalmykov N. , Kindin V. , Kiryukhin V. , Kokoulin R. , Kolosov N. , Kompaniets K. , Korosteleva E. , Kozhin V. , Kravchenko E. , Kryukov A. , Kuzmichev L. , Chiavassa A. , Lavrova M. , Lagutin A. , Lemeshev Y. , Lubsandorzhiev B. , Lubsandorzhiev N. , Malakhov S. , Mirgazov R. , Monkhoev R. , Osipova E. , Pakhorukov A. , Pan A. , Panov A. , Pankov L. , Petrukhin A. , Podgrudkov D. , Poddubny I. , Popova E. , Postnikov E. , Prosin V. , Ptuskin V. , Pushnin A. , Razumov A. , Raikin R. , Rubtsov G. , Ryabov E. , Samoliga V. , Satyshev I. , Silaev A. , Silaev, Jr. A. , Sidorenkov A. , Skurikhin A. , Sokolov A. , Tabolenko V. , Tanaev A. , Ternovoy M. , Tkachev L. , Ushakov N. , Chernov D. , Yashin I.
Published: December 2024

In November 2020, the IceCube neutrino Observatory registered a neutrino event with an energy of 150 TeV directed at the Cygnus Cocoon gamma-ray source. In the Carpet-2 experiment, as part of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (BNO), a sharp increase in the flow of events with an energy of more than 300 TeV was recorded from the same direction within the angular accuracy of the events. This flux is 4 orders of magnitude higher than the expected intensity of gamma quanta of this energy region according to data in the region of less than 100 TeV. It was expected that such a powerful flare could be registered by the TAIGAHiSCORE installation of the TAIGA astrophysical complex. We analyzed the events of the EAS recorded by the installation of TAIGA-HiSCORE for 18 hours in October-November 2020 fromthe Cygnus Cocoon source. The article provides the upper limit of the expected excess flow.
K0𝑆-MESON PRODUCTION IN 兀− −𝐴-INTERACTIONS AT ACCELERATOR COMPLEX U-70
Authors: Kalugin N. K. , Moiseev V. V. , Mochalov V. V. , Abramov V. V. , Alekseev I. G. , Vasiliev A. N. , Goncharenko Yu. M. , Gridnev A. B. , Derevshchikov A. A. , Kozlenko N. G. , Maslova E. V. , Melnick Yu. M. , Meshchanin A. P. , Minaev N. G. , Morozov D. A. , Nesterov V. M. , Novikov K. D. , Novinsky D. V. , Nogach L. V. , Nurusheva M. B. , Ryzhikov S. V. , Rykov V. L. , Ryltsov V. V. , Ryazantsev A. V. , Samigullin E. I. , Svirida D. N. , Semenov P. A. , Temirbulatov V. S. , Uzunyan A. V. , Yakutin A. E.
Published: December 2024

First results on 𝐴-dependence measurements in inclusive K0𝑆-meson production in 兀− 𝐴-interactions (𝐴 = C, Cu, Al, Sn, W) are presented at 26.5 GeV/c. The ratios of the differential cross sections of four of these nuclei to the differential cross section on aluminum were measured and the dependence of these cross-sections on the atomic number of the nucleus was studied. The measurements were carried out in the kinematic region of the Feynman variable 0.2 < 𝐹 < 0.8 and transverse momentum 𝑝𝑇 < 1.2 GeV/c. K0𝑆-mesons were detected in the decay mode K0𝑆→ 兀+兀−-at the SPASCHARM experimental setup using negative charged beams at beamline 14 of the U-70 accelerator complex.
SPECTRA OF 𝑍-BOSONS AND LEPTON ANGULAR COEFFICIENTS IN THE LEADING ORDER PRA WITH THE NEXT TO LEADING ORDER CORRECTION
Authors: Omelyanchuk S. S. , Saleev V. A. , Shipilova A. V.
Published: December 2024

The article studies the production of 𝑍-bosons in proton-proton collisions at LHC collider energies. Production cross sections and transverse momentum spectra of 𝑍-bosons have been calculated, as well as lepton angular coefficients as functions of the transverse momentum of the 𝑍-boson. Calculations were performed using the parton Reggeization approach (PRA) within the framework of the leading approximation in the strong coupling constant (𝑄¯ 𝑄 → 𝑍), taking into account the next to leading order correction from processes of quark-gluon scattering (𝑅𝑄 → 𝑍𝑞). Numerical modeling was performed using Monte-Carlo generator KaTie. The calculation results are compared with experimental data from the ATLAS collaboration.
THE TEST OF THE CLASSICALITY CONCEPT IN THE ENTANGLED STATES OF NEUTRAL PSEUDOSCALAR MESONS USING THREE TIME WIGNER INEQUALITIES
Authors: Efimova A. Yu. , Nikitin N. V.
Published: December 2024

In this work we have formulated the Classicality concept. Using this concept theWigner inequalities which are dependent on three moments of time are obtained. The possibility of experimental tests of violations of these inequalities on the pure and mixed flavor states of 𝐾0-, 𝐷0- and 𝐵𝑠-meson pairs is investigated. In the framework of the Werner background model, it is shown that the violation of Wigner time-dependent inequalities can be observed even with 50% fraction of background processes.
DETERMINATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF LONG-LIVED 41Ca IN REACTOR BIOLOGICAL SHIELDING MATERIALS BY PHOTOACTIVATION METHOD
Authors: Zheltonozhskaya M. V. , Balaba Y. O. , Iyusyuk D. A. , Kuzmenkova N. V. , Chernyaev A. P.
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses a photoactivation method for determining the activity of the long-lived isotope 41Ca relative to the activity of 60Co in irradiated reactor biological shielding concrete. It is proposed to use photonuclear reactions on cobalt and calcium isotopes: 59Co(γ, 𝑛)58Co, 44Ca(γ, 𝑝)43K or 48Ca( γ, n)47Ca→47Sc. to determine the activity of 41Ca. The sensitivity of the proposed method is of the order of ∼10-6 Bq/g, provided that semiconductor spectrometers with an ultrapure germanium detector are used. The structure and chemical composition of the sample do not affect the proposed method. It avoids the long sample preparation times associated with radiochemical methods.
SPIN DISTRIBUTION OF DOUBLE NUCLEAR FISSION WITH ACCOUNT FOR BENDING- AND WRIGGLING- MODES
Authors: Kadmensky S. G. , Lyubashevsky D. E. , Stepanov D. A. , Pisklyukov A. A.
Published: December 2024

A theoretical description of the nature of the spin distribution (CP) of fragments of low-energy induced and spontaneous double fission of nuclei is carried out. For two deformed fission prefragments, a mechanism for pumping large values of their relative orbital momenta L and spins J, due to the combined influence of bending and wriggling vibrations, has been established, and analytical formulas for describing CP within the framework of such a mechanism have been obtained for the first time. It is emphasized that for this mechanism, the nucleus remains “cold” in the fission process, while in the statistical model it heats up to temperatures 1 MeV. A comparison of the calculated CP for forced double fission of actinide nuclei and with the available experimental data showed reasonable agreement both in terms of the magnitude of the average spin values and in the sawtooth shape of the dependence of CP on the atomic number of fragments, which confirms the reliability of the pumping mechanism of large spin values of deformed fission fragments. For spontaneous double fission of the nucleus , possible reasons for the discrepancy between the theoretical CP and the experiment are indicated.
THE ALIGNMENT OF THE 16О(3–) NUCLEUS FORMED IN REACTIONS WITH ALPHA PARTICLES
Authors: Galanina L. I. , Zelenskaya N. S. , Lebedev V. M. , Orlova N. V. , Spassky A. V.
Published: December 2024

The angular dependence of the alignment of the 16О(3–, 6.13 MeV) nucleus formed in the reactions 16О(α, α) 16О(3–) and 15N(α, 𝑡)16О(3–) at α-particle energies of 30.3 MeV was calculated taking into account the reactions’ mechanisms that determine the cross section for the formation of the 16О(3–) nucleus and is compared with the experimental values of the alignments reconstructed from the measured functions of angular 𝑦γ-correlations. It has been established that the formation mechanisms of the 16О(3–) nucleus significantly affect its orientation characteristics. The maximum amplitude alignment of the 16О(3–) nucleus in both reactions is observed in the region of final particle emission angles in which direct mechanisms make the main contribution. At these angles, the calculated alignments are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental ones.
CALCULATION OF CROSS SECTIONS FOR RESONANCE NUCLEAR REACTIONS BASED ON AB INITIO COMPUTATIONS OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LIGHT NUCLEI LEVELS
Authors: Rodkin D. M , Tchuvil’sky Yu. M
Published: December 2024

Based on the ab initio scheme developed by the authors for calculating the asymptotic characteristics of decay channels of nuclear states — the method of orthogonal functions of cluster channels — an approach has been created that makes it possible to directly implement the results of ab initio calculations of Anucleon wave functions, as well as the partial decay widths of resonant states of compound nucleus obtained through their use, into calculations of cross sections for resonance nuclear reactions. Both calculated and reliably measured resonance energies can be employed in these calculations. Using the examples of such a theoretical analysis of the reaction cross sections for 7Li(𝑝, 4He)4He and 7Be(𝑛, 4He)4He, the efficiency of this approach and the wide prospects of its use in nuclear spectroscopy are demonstrated
Africa: New Cracks in the System of Neocolonialism
Authors: Vasiliev A. M
Published: December 2024

The crisis of neocolonial system in Africa has lately been shown by disintegration of “Françafrique” or the French neocolonial empire in the continent existing for about 60 years. The author is analyzing its political-military component, direct military intervention and use of the “soft power” such as the International Organization of La Francophonie. Rejection of this system, absence of security, corruption of the pro-French elites have produced a series of coups d’état in Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger supported by the majority of population with its anti-French feelings. The new leaders are seeking and finding an alternative cooperation with Russia to strengthen the security, national sovereignty and economic development of their countries. There are examples of the military and political cooperation of Russia with the Central African Republic and other states. This course meets countermeasures of the West which is interested to keep on its neocolonial exploitation of the continent.
China’s Foreign Trade: The Role of Foreign and Domestic Sectors
Authors: Izotov D. A
Published: December 2024

The article shows the decrease in the share of the foreign sector in China’s trade turnover on average for 2018–2023. The share of Chinese foreign sector by type of enterprises (foreign-invested enterprises) was 37%, and according to the customs regimes (processing trade) – 23%. It was established that the share of processing trade was less than half of the foreign-invested enterprises trade. At the same time, the foreign sector continues to be one of the main sources of high-tech exports from China. It is shown that ordinary trade has become dominant in almost all product groups of Chinese exports, and the growth of foreign trade was ensured by private enterprises in the domestic sector of China. It is shown that the Chinese domestic sector increases the number of countries exporting its goods, while the export basket becomes more complex.
Beijing Stock Exchange: Results of Two Years Operation, Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Vakhrushin I. V
Published: December 2024

The establishment of the Beijing Stock Exchange (BSE) in November 2021 was due to a number of factors. First, a specialized channel for financing small and medium-sized businesses (SME) was needed. Second, it was the result of increased regulatory requirements for Chinese companies on the US stock market and their massive transition to domestic exchanges. Trends of the BSE indices often sharply contrast with those of the 2 major Chinese stock exchanges, which attract millions of retail investors to the BSE. Institutional investors show more interest in the new exchange as well. The access of foreign investors is regulated through licenses and quotas. The BSE initial market is vivid: IPOs were held all temporary suspension periods long. The exchange infrastructure and trading system are successfully developing and expanding. The market makers facility was introduced, margin trading was allowed, the bond market was formed. The BSE development plan provides for in 5–10 years it transforms into a full-fledged financial center by key indicators.
Water Crisis in South Africa
Authors: Shubin V. G
Published: December 2024

The article examines the unfavorable situation in the water industry of South Africa. Special attention is paid to the recent water crisis in Cape Town and the surrounding areas of the Western Cape Province. In this city, there was a threat of the onset of “Day Zero”, when the municipal water supply would stop completely. Although this was avoided, the article explains why water crises, although on a smaller scale, are regularly observed in other regions of South Africa, including the economic capital of this country, Johannesburg. The final part of the article talks about the assessment of the situation by the newly appointed Minister of Water Affairs and Sanitation and plans to remedy it.
On the Problem of Access to Clean Water in Africa
Authors: Konstantinova O. V
Published: December 2024

Currently, the environmental situation in the world is deteriorating due to population growth, urbanization, agricultural and industrial pollution of wastewater. This is especially noticeable in regions experiencing water shortages, one of which is the African continent. The work identified the necessary and sufficient levels of access of African countries to clean water and gave a forecast for their change, taking into account the changing demographic, socio-economic and military-political situation. The growing African population increases the demand for water to satisfy thirst and household needs, requires more food, which leads to an increase in water intake for agriculture and food production. In addition, military and political tensions on the continent cause cross-border movement of a large number of Africans, which increases the burden on host countries, increases the deficit of water resources, weakens sanitation, and leads to an increase in water-related diseases. To solve the problem of water shortages on the African continent, it is necessary to adopt comprehensive programs for the development of water management and increase its investment, raise the level of public awareness and train specialists in the field of water use.
“An Intellectual Pilgrimage to Buddhism”
Authors: Badmaev V. N
Published: December 2024

On 12–14 August, the II International Buddhist Forum “Traditional Buddhism and Challenges of Modernity” was held in Ulan-Ude – a significant and important event for all countries of the Buddhist world. The following goals of the Forum were outlined: to update the understanding of Buddhist culture, philosophy and practice in the conditions of modern society; to strengthen international ties of Buddhists; to give new impetus to scientificeducational and cultural cooperation of Buddhist organizations of different countries. The scientific program of the Forum became a kind of “intellectual pilgrimage to Buddhism”. As part of the forum, the Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences organized an international scientific conference “Buddhism in a Changing World”. The purpose was to discuss current issues of studying, preserving and using Buddhist heritage in modern conditions, the interaction of science and Buddhism, the significance and role of Buddhism in the socio-political, economic, moral life of humanity, and in resolving problems, conflicts and contradictions of the modern world.
Russia – Africa: Remembering the Lessons of the Past, Pave the Way for a Future (Notes by the Soviet/Russian Ambassador)
Authors: Zaytsev A. S
Published: December 2024

the article analyzes the political situation in the People’s Republic of Congo in the second half of the 1980s, shows the impact on its development of cardinal changes in the internal and foreign policy of the USSR. The influence of the acceleration on the domestic political situation of the country is noted. The consequences of the reduction of Russia’s economic and diplomatic presence on the African continent after the collapse of the USSR are traced. The article ends with a conclusion about the particular importance for building and successfully implementing Russia’s course towards comprehensive and equal cooperation with African countries of an objective assessment of the lessons of the past, preservation and use of positive experience gained over decades of our relationships.
ON THE UNIQUE SOLVABILITY OF THE CAUCHY PROBLEM IN THE CLASS 𝐶1,0 (𝐷) FOR PARABOLIC SYSTEMS ON THE PLANE
Authors: Baderko E. A , Sakharov S. I
Published: December 2024

The Cauchy problem for Petrovskii second-order parabolic systems in a strip on the plane is considered. The coefficients of the system satisfy the double Dini condition. The unique solvability of the problem in the space of functions that are continuous and bounded together with their spatial derivatives of the first order in the closure of the strip is established and corresponding estimates are obtained. An integral representation of the solution is given.
ON THE EXPANSION OF THE STATE SPACE PARTITIONS SET FOR A STABLE SWITCHED AFFINE SYSTEM
Authors: Fursov A. S , Krylov P. A
Published: December 2024

For a switched affine system closed by stabilizing static feedback, a method is presented for constructing a parametric family of partitions of the state space, relative to which this closed system remains stable.
REE geochemistry and Sr isotopic composition of silicate-carbonate rocks from the Zelentsovskaya mine (Kusa-Kopan intrusive complex, Southern Urals)
Authors: Stativko V. S. , Kuznetsov A. B. , Skublov S. G. , Ratkovskiy G. E. , Kaurova O. K. , Turchenko T. L.
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is silicate-carbonate rocks located in gabbroid of the Kusinsko-Kopan intrusive complex within the Zelentsovskaya mine in the South Urals. Low Mn and Fe contents and low 87Sr/86Sr ratio in calcite (0.7045–0.7048) indicate that the source of carbonate matter for these rocks was recrystallized limestones of the Lower Riphean Satka Formation. Isotopic-geochemical data (87Sr/86Sr ratio and flat REE distribution pattern) indicate the influence of gabbroid melt on their composition. It is suggested that the silicate-carbonate rocks were formed as a result of the geological process closest to the skarn formation.
Problems of dating the Au-Pd mineralization of the Chudnoye deposit (the Subpolar Urals)
Authors: Kozlov A. V. , Korznikov V. D. , Smolensky V. V. , Kuznetsov S. K. , Savichev A. A. , Ivanov A. S. , Vasiliev E. A.
Published: December 2024

The ages values of the minerals that make up the ores of the Chudnoe deposit, established using isotope geochronology methods, do not allow us to correctly estimate the time of formation of Au-Pd mineralization due to the lack of reliable signs of their syngeneticity with gold. Based on linking isotope-geochronological data with the history of the geological development of the Subpolar Urals and the entire complex of endogenous and exogenous processes which determined the features of its geological structure and minerageny, the Early Paleozoic age of mineralization is substantiated. The similar age of the metarhyolites hosting the mineralization suggests not only a spatial, but also a paragenetic relations between ore mineralization and felsic volcanites. When studying the mineral composition and structural and textural features of ores, it is necessary to take into account the imposition of post-ore processes, especially the most powerful metamorphism manifested in the Subpolar Urals, the peak of which occurred in the Upper Paleozoic (~250 Ma).
Moganite in agates from shungite rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Onega basin (Karelia)
Authors: Svetova E. N. , Lavrov O. B.
Published: December 2024

The monocline phase of silica – moganite for the first time has been found in carbon-rich sedimentary rocks (shungites) of Zaonega formation within the Paleoproterozoic Onega basin. Moganite forms intergrowths with fibrous chalcedony in concentric layers of agates, which are presumably associated with pseudomorphic replacement of carbonate nodules. According to local Raman spectroscopy analyses, content of moganite within individual chalcedony bands is not homogenous and varies in the range of 22–50%. The estimated values of moganite content are very high for agates formed in the Paleoproterozoic rocks aged 2050 Ma and indicate a large temporary gap between formation of the sedimentary sequence and the hydrothermal process that initiated agate mineralization.
Varieties of fossil resins of South Sakhalin and their molecular composition
Authors: Martirosyan О. V. , Bogdasarov M. A.
Published: December 2024

This article provides the first up-to-date overview of the history of fossil resin finds in the southern part of Sakhalin Island. On the base of little-known facts and casual references scattered in geological literature, main locations of the amber-like fossil resins are reviewed and described. Peculiarities of their molecular composition were studied, and, for the first time, it has been done for resins from Moneron Island. The assumption of S. S. Savkevich about mineralogical non-identity of resins from the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Naiba river basin was analytically confirmed. It is shown that the resins are represented not only by a ductile variety — rumenite, but also by brittle ones — gedanite and retinite, which can’t be used as jewelry raw materials.
Point mutations in the M-domainof PCID2 impair its functionin mRNA exportin Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Vdovina Y. А. , Georgieva S. G. , Kopytova D. V.
Published: December 2024

PCID2 protein is a component of the eukaryotic TREX-2 complex responsible for mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previously, we showed that PCID2 of D. melanogaster is involved in specific mRNA recognition and identified key amino acids responsible for interaction with the RNA of the ras2 gene. In this work, we show that point mutations of these amino acids disrupt the interaction of the protein with cellular RNA and the export of polyA-containing mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in Drosophila cells.
Large marine bird (Aves: procellariiformes) in the eocene of Western Siberia
Authors: Zelenkov N. V. , Maslintsyna М. P. , Malyshkina Т. P. , Maslennikov А. А. , Syromyatnikova Е. V. , Gimranov D. О.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the first find of a bird from the Paleogene of Siberia. A tibiotarsus fragment from the Eocene Tavda Formation of the Tyumen Region (Western Siberia) is referred to Procellariiformes. The described bird is morphologically closer to Procellariidae, but comparable in size to albatrosses (Diomedeidae) and, apparently, represents the stem representatives of this family. The find indicates for the first time that either stem albatrosses or large Procellariiformes similar to them could have had a worldwide distribution already in the Eocene.
Drosophila protein Z4 has N-terminal ZAD dimerization domain
Authors: Bonchuk А. N. , Georgiev P. G.
Published: December 2024

Drosophila transcription factor Z4 (putzig) is one of the key proteins that determines chromatin structure in Drosophila. It is localized at the boundaries of the “bands” of polytene chromosomes, which, according to modern concepts, correlate with chromatin domains. The Z4 protein is a component of a protein complex that also includes the Chromator and BEAF-32 proteins, which require a conserved domain at the N-terminus of Z4 to interact with them. In this study, we showed that this domain is a ZAD (Zinc-finger associated). Using biochemical methods, the ability of this domain to dimerize was confirmed. A dimer model of this domain was obtained using AlphaFold2, the structure of which was confirmed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The dimer structure shows a fold typical of ZAD domains.
Tip-Tugai cave – the first cave hyena Crocuta spelaea (Goldfuss, 1823) den in the Urals
Authors: Khantemirov D. R. , Kochnev А. V. , Strukova Т. V. , Gimranov D. О. , Kosintsev P. А.
Published: December 2024

The new site of Tip-Tugai Cave (52°59’28.6”N, 57°00’22.3”E) is described. The bone-bearing layer is dated at MIS 3 isotope stage based in the fauna of small mammals. Finds of abundant remains of Crocuta spelaea individuals of different ages and the presence of large herbivores bones with hyena gnaw marks indicate that the Tip-Tugai Cave was used as a hyena den in the Late Pleistocene. This is the first described cave hyena den in the Urals.
Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal herbsis selectively decreased in communities invaded by alien tree Acer negundo
Authors: Veselkin D. V. , Dubrovin D. I. , Rafikova О. S.
Published: December 2024

We tested whether one of the consequences of alien plant invasion predicted by the mutualism disruption hypothesis was true in regard to ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo L.). The study aimed to determine whether the occurrence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal herbs varied similarly or differently in communities with different degrees of A. negundo dominance. We analysed the results of 78 relevés carried out in the Belarusian Polesie, the Middle Volga region and the Middle Urals. In each region, communities with dominance of A. negundo and without it were described. The mycorrhizal status of plant species was determined using the FungalRoot Database. It was found, with an increase in probability of arbuscular mycorrhiza formation, the frequency of those species’ registration was decreased in A. negundo thickets. On the contrary, with an increase in probability of non-mycorrhizal status, the frequency of those species’ registration was increased in A. negundo thickets. Therefore, in communities dominated by A. negundo, the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal herbs was selectively decreased.
Generation of LEPR K nockout Rabbits with CRISPR/CAS9 System
Authors: Silaeva Y. Y. , Safonova P. D. , Popov D. V. , Filatov М. А. , Okulova Y. D. , Shafei R. А. , Skobel О. I. , Vysotskii D. E. , Gubarev Y. D. , Glazko V. I. , Glazko T. T. , Georgiev P. G. , Kosovsky G. Y. , Shepelev М. V.
Published: December 2024

In humans mutations in the LEPR gene, encoding leptin hormone receptor, are associated with the development of morbid obesity, lipid metabolism dysregulation, defects of fertility. In rodents spontaneous mutations in Lepr gene have been described. Lepr knock-out (KO) animals have been generated using classical KO technology or CRISPR/Cas9 system. In rodents lipid metabolism is significantly different from that in humans or rabbits, therefore rabbits are considered as the most relevant model of morbid obesity and lipid metabolism dysregulation in humans, but so far LEPR knock-out rabbits have not been reported. Here using CRISPR/Cas9 system we generated LEPR knock-out rabbit by introducing a deletion of the region around exon 10 of the LEPR gene. We showed that the body weight of the knock-out rabbit was significantly higher than an average body weight of the wild type rabbits. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated technology for the generation of the LEPR knock-out rabbits will allow for the development of the model of morbid obesity and endocrine defects in humans due to leptin receptor mutations.
Conformational changes in DNAand protein biomolecules in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke
Authors: Trofimov А. V. , Vlasova Т. I. , Trofimov V. А. , Sidorov D. I. , Spirina М. А.
Published: December 2024

The study assessed conformational changes in DNA and protein biomolecules during ischemic stroke (IS) of varying severity using RAMAN spectroscopy. In patients with IS, the conformational structure of hemoporphyrin changes and, as a consequence, the ratio (I1355/I1550)/(I1375/I1580) (the affinity of hemoglobin for ligands) increases and an increase in I1375/I1172 (change in the conformation of pyrroles) is recorded. Changes in the spectra of genomic DNA are also observed at frequencies caused by stretching vibrations of primary amines (3400 cm–1), secondary amines and hydroxyls involved in hydrogen bonding (3100 cm–1), CH2 groups of sugar phosphates (2900 cm–1) , vibrations of vibrational bonds between nitrogenous bases and sugars (1400 cm–1). During IS, significant changes are observed in the spectra of genomic DNA and hemoglobin, which indicate conformational rearrangements of these molecules. In severe IS, the severity of the detected changes in the spectra of DNA and hemoglobin was maximum.
The oldest swallow (Aves: Passeriformes: Hirundinidae)from the upper Lower Miocene of the southof Eastern Siberia
Authors: Volkova N. V.
Published: December 2024

A new genus and species of fossil swallows, Miochelidon eschata gen. et sp. nov., are described from the Lower Miocene of the Baikal region. This is the only Miocene representative of the Hirundinidae and the oldest fossil record of the group. The coracoid of Miochelidon combines generalized and specialized features, suggesting a basal position in the family for the genus. The ulna has a more advanced morphology, like in modern swallow. The find indicates a widespread distribution of basal swallows in the Early Miocene.
Cheetah Acinonyx pardinensis (Felidae, Carnivora)from the Early Pleistocene of Crimea (Taurida cave)
Authors: Gimranov D. O. , Madurell-Malapeira J. , Jiangzuo Q. , Lavrov A. V. , Lopatin A. V.
Published: December 2024

A mandible fragment of Acinonyx pardinensis (Croizet et Jobert, 1828) is described from the Early Pleistocene locality in the Taurida cave (Crimea, Late Villafranchian, about 1.8–1.5 Ma). This is the first discovery of the genus Acinonyx in the Pleistocene of Crimea. Along with other felids, such as Homotherium, Megantereon, Panthera, Lynx, and Puma, cheetahs were typical representatives of the Late Villafranchian faunas of Eurasia. In the Taurida locality, Acinonyx pardinensis is co-occurred with Homotherium crenatidens, Megantereon adroveri, and Lynx issiodorensis.
Composition and Content of Fatty Acids in Muscle Tissue of the Potanin Altai Osman Oreoleuciscus potanini (Cypriniformes, Actinopterigii) from Mongolian Reservoirs
Authors: Dgebuadze Yu. Yu. , Sushchik N. N. , Mendsaikhan B. , Altansukh D. , Emelianova A. Y. , Gladyshev M. I.
Published: December 2024

The composition of fatty acids in the muscle tissue of the unique Central Asian carp-like fish of the Potanin Altai osman Oreoleuciscus potanini was studied for the first time. The populations of these fish in the reservoirs of the semi-desert zone (Durgun and Taishir) during the period of their formation are considered. It was shown that the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in O. potanini corresponds to the median value of this value in the order Cypriniformes. It has been established that the basis of the food web of the herbivorous form of this species consists of microalgae: diatoms, euglens and, possibly, chrysophytes, as well as bacteria. At the same time, the levels of bacterial biomarkers, 15–17BFA and 17:0 were significantly higher in fish in the Durgun reservoir, and the level of EPA (diatom biomarker) in O. potanini in the Taishir reservoir. The established higher values of the heavy nitrogen isotope content in the muscles of O. potanini from the Taishir reservoir are most likely associated with not yet formed benthic communities and with the incomplete diversification of the river form of the Potanin Altai Osman into lacustrine forms.
Pharmacological Modulation of Cognitivr Test Solution in Mice of Two Genotypes
Authors: Perepelkina O. V. , Poletaeva I. I.
Published: December 2024

Mice of two strains selected for successful solution of “object permanence” test and for lack of such solution demonstrated the differential reaction to injections of two drugs. The injections of atomoxetine. which blocks the noradrenaline reuptake, and of ‘non-benzodiazepine” anxiolytic afobazol was different. The success of solutions increased in mice selected for this test “non-solution”: and decreased or was inefficient in mice, selected for successful solution of object permanence cognitive test.
Fatigue Test of Plastics and Manufacturing Collet Nut Driver for Integrated Rotating Bending Fatigue Test Machine
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Cahyono Tri Setyo Aji , Hadi Syamsul ,   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Pratama Rico Wahyu ,   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Amalia Zakiyah ,   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Aini Fica Aida Nadhifatul ,   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Kadir Aini Zuhra Binti Abdul ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: December 2024

The unknown fatigue life of injection molded plastic materials and the ineffectiveness of clamping both ends of the specimen in the collet of the Integrated Rotary Bending Fatigue Testing Machine with manual tightening and loosening are the obstacles faced. The purpose of testing and making a collet nut driver is to obtain a prediction of the fatigue life of injection molded plastic materials and to increase the effectiveness of clamping the end of the specimen with the help of a DC motor drive. The research method uses experiments which include injection molding of plastic materials of the type Polypropylene (PP) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), checking the straightness and surface finishing of the specimen, fatigue testing at 1800, 2000, 2200 rpm, analysis of fatigue test results, and design-manufacturing collet nut drive with DC motor drive and transmission of a pair of spiral cone gears, manufacture of DC motor sliding movement mechanism along the reach of both ends of the specimen, installation of electric power circuits for direction and electric current switches for clockwise and counterclockwise rotation functions, and analysis of the results of the fatigue test and performance of the collet nut driver The results of fatigue testing at a bending stress (S) of 68 MPa for PP material show that at 1800 rpm, the fatigue life (N) was obtained at 2,014,605 cycles and at 2200 rpm, N was obtained at 1,506,486 cycles. Meanwhile, for ABS specimens, at 1800 rpm, N was obtained at 1,547,106 cycles and at 2200 rpm, N was obtained at 1,190,425 cycles, which means PP material has a longer fatigue life compared to ABS. The test results of the DC motor drive on the collet nut showed that the duration of tightening/loosening was 4.4 times faster than manually, which originally had a duration of 66 seconds, down to just 15 seconds for the DC motor drive.
Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste as An Energy Source in The Gasification Process
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Temaja I Wayan , Winaya I Nyoman Suprapta ,   Udayana University, Wirawan I Ketut Gede ,   Udayana University, Sucipta Made ,   Udayana University, Pratama I Putu Angga Yuda ,   Udayana University
Published: December 2024

Municipal solid waste (MSW) poses significant environmental challenges if not managed effectively. The composition and quantity of MSW are closely linked to the socioeconomic structure of a given area. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing raw materials from Denpasar's MSW for gasification processes. Samples were collected, segregated, processed, and dried for analysis. Various physical and chemical properties were examined, including moisture content, volatility, fixed carbon, elemental composition, and calorific value. Proximate analysis on dry base sample revealed that the MSW contained 12.45% moisture, 54.68% volatile matter, 13.05% fixed carbon, and 19.82% ash. Ultimate analysis showed the following elemental composition: 64.46% C, 11.5% H, 18.3% O, 0.5% N, and 0.05% S, with a calorific value of 11.99 MJ/kg. Based on these findings, the implementation of a waste-to-energy program utilizing gasification processes for waste management is recommended.
Agile Governance Implementation through the DOLEN Program to Boost Reading Interest in East Java
Authors:   Universitas Bhayangkara, Nurany Fierda , Kurniawan Bagus Ananda ,   Universitas Bhayangkara, Kirana Annastya Putri ,   Universitas Bhayangkara
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of finding out the extent of the application of Agile Governance principles during the Covid-19 pandemic to the East Java Provincial Library and Archives Service through the launch of the Online Fairy Tale Program (DOLEN). The researcher uses a qualitative approach with a type of descriptive research. The researcher conducted a data analysis based on the Agile Governance theory proposed by Luna et al, (2015). The researcher focuses on 3 (three) principles of Agile Governance.

The results of this study show that the Online Fairy Tale Program (DOLEN) launched by the East Java Provincial Library and Archives Service which is regulated in the regulation of Law Number 43 of 2007 concerning Libraries has been effective in increasing reading interest, especially children and adolescents in East Java. This is seen from the achievement of 3 (three) principles that are used as indicators. In terms of Based On Quick Wins, the Online Fairy Tale Program (DOLEN) has been able to meet both the time and the program's goals. In terms of Systematic and Adaptive Approach, the relevant agencies have succeeded in adapting to the existing situation, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, where all activities have switched to online-based, in addition to successfully synergizing with other regency/city libraries and resulting in replication. Then in the aspect of Symple Design and Continuous Refiniment, the selection of features or icons that are quite attractive and easy for users on the Instagram and Youtube or Facebook applications is one of the forms of innovation chosen by the government as a platform for online fairy tale activities (DOLEN).
Ageism and Job Advertisements: The Impact of Age Restrictions on Job Accessibility for Old Job Seekers in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Siregar Rahmat , Damanik AD I Dewa Bagus Ryan ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Manik Vinta Ito ,   Universitas Negeri Medan
Published: December 2024

This article explores the impact of ageism on job accessibility in Indonesia, focusing on the socio-economic and psychological effects of age restrictions in job advertisements on older job seekers. The research employs qualitative methods, using both secondary and primary data. Secondary data were gathered from job advertisements with age restrictions on platforms such as LinkedIn, Instagram (@kemnaker), and the WhatsApp group of the Old Jobseeker Indonesia community. Primary data were obtained through interviews with informants selected via purposive sampling, using Google Forms to collect potential informant data from online platforms like LinkedIn, the Old Jobseeker Indonesia WhatsApp group, and Instagram (@kemnaker) over a 10-day period from April 18 to April 27, 2024.The findings reveal that ageism is a selection practice that implicitly excludes job seekers by using age as a criterion, particularly for frontline roles. Moreover, ageism adversely affects the social, economic, and psychological well-being of job seekers in Indonesia, contributing to their exclusion from society at micro, meso, and macro levels. Age-based job advertisements also influence job seekers’ decisions to apply, as many perceive applying for these positions to be futile.
The Importance of Security Awareness in Combating Phishing Attacks: A Case Study of Bank Rakyat Indonesia
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Adani Dwi Wina , Nurhayati Ida ,   Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Mirati R. Elly ,   Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Published: December 2024

The advent of the digital world does not always have positive impacts, it often poses serious attacks that can be highly detrimental to its users, one of which is phishing. Phishing attacks are among the attacks that have been continuously rising in the digital world. With its various forms, phishing stands out as a significant attack, particularly harmful to housewives. Therefore, cultivating security awareness is of paramount importance in preventing customers from becoming victims of phishing attacks. This research aims to explain the importance of security awareness in preventing phishing and to describe the forms of security awareness in combating phishing attacks. The methodology used in this research is quantitative and qualitative methods with simple linear regression analysis, using SPSS 29.0. The sample consists of 80 respondents who are housewives using BRI mobile banking in RT.003, West Tanjung Village, Jagakarsa District, South Jakarta. Primary data collection was conducted through an interview with a BRI informant. The results of the study show that security awareness has a significant impact on reducing phishing attacks. Therefore, enhancing security awareness to prevent phishing is crucial for both individuals and banks to protect information security and avoid becoming victims of digital crimes such as phishing.
Victim or Villain? A Study of Deconstruction in Tiara Andini’s ‘Maafkan Aku’
Authors:   Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Alfisuma Meria Zakiyah , Susylowati Eka ,   Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Romadlani M. Masqotul Imam ,   Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
Published: December 2024

This study applies deconstruction, a key theory in postcolonial studies, to analyze and reinterpret the meaning within Tiara Andini's popular Indonesian song, Maafkan Aku. By examining both the literal meaning and its deconstruction, the research aims to uncover hidden layers of meaning in the song's lyrics. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data from the lyrics are analyzed through textual analysis and the concept of deconstruction. The analysis first identifies binary oppositions in the lyrics and then challenges these oppositions to reveal new interpretations. Findings highlight the contrast between themes of penitence (as the song’s explicit meaning) and expectation (as its underlying meaning). The lyrics deconstruct the notion of penitence as a "victim" with an opposing sense of expectation as a "villain." This study offers a nuanced exploration of how deconstruction unveils alternative interpretations, contributing to a broader understanding of how popular culture uses language to express complex emotional and relational dynamics.
The Self- and Peer-Assessments in Creative Writing: Students’ Benefits and Reactions
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Dewi Ni Putu Agustina Konita , Nitiasih Putu Kerti ,   Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Santosa Made Hery ,   Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
Published: December 2024

This research is aimed at fostering students’ reflective efforts by providing self- and peer-assessment approaches during the process of learning how to write creative writing about Indonesian narrative stories. The implementation of this instructional method promotes students' writing proficiency, critical thinking abilities, and autonomy. The objective of this research is to introduce, explore the advantages of, and evaluate students' reactions to self-and peer assessment in a writing course. A case study design was employed, focusing on tenth-grade EFL students in SMAN 8 Denpasar. They were chosen by purposive random sampling. The research utilized various methods such as open-ended questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The analysis of the data reveals the positive outcomes associated with peer- and self-assessment. The findings suggest that English teachers should employ this instructional approach to enable students to fully engage in the writing process and enhance their writing skills.
التباين المكاني للأنماط الموقعية لأقتصاديات الظل في مدينة بعقوبة
Authors: كاظم آيات , عبدالله سيناء
Published: December 2024

مدينة بعقوبة واحدة من مدن محافظة ديالى التي تتميز بتركز الأنشطة الحضرية وتتوزع بأشكال وأنماط متنوعة، وقد رافق هذا التطور في الأنشطة الحضرية وتركزها داخل المدينة بروز ظاهرة اقتصاديات الظل (الأكشاك، الجنابر، البسطيات) التي أصبحت متواجدة ومنشرة في أغلب مواقع المدينة وبدرجة كبيرة فتنوعت أصنافها وتعددت وزادت أحجامها وأحتلت أماكن غير مخصصة لها وسيطرت على أرصفة الشوارع وجزء من نهر الشارع والأماكن الفارغة وأنتشرت فوق شوارع المدينة الرئيسة والثانوية وشوارع الأحياء السكنية والأسواق الشعبية والمنطقة المركزية في المدينة وحتى داخل المحلات السكنية فوصل حجم النشاط الى (1172) نشاطا حضريا اقتصاديا على شكل أكشاك وبسطيات، مما جعلها تتخذ (7) أنماط موقعية في انتشارها أحتلت فيه الشوارع الثانوية المرتبة الأولى في حجم تلك الأنشطة المتجاوزة تلتها المنطقة التجارية المركزية ثم الشوارع التجارية الرئيسة وبعدها جاءت ضمن الأسواق الشعبية في معدل وحجم انتشارها وثم اقتصاديات الظل المنتشرة على طول شوارع الأحياء السكنية التجارية  واقتصاديات الظل المتجمعة وأخيرا جاءت اقتصاديات الظل المنتشرة والمبعثرة داخل المحلات السكنية.