bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influências de Márcia Pompeo Nogueira no Teatro Comunitário do Canto em Florianópolis/SC
Authors: Borba Juliano , Da Fonseca Marilde Juçara , Farinon Tânia , Macedo Vicente , Sanfelici Agnes , Ramos Braga Ana Socorro
Published: August 2020

O teatro comunitário em Florianópolis tem uma história aliada à efervescência ocasionada pela sucessão de projetos e eventos diversos como cursos, seminários, oficinas, publicações, interações entre comunidades e com movimentos sociais organizados por Marcia Pompeo Nogueira durante sua carreira enquanto professora da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina e enquanto principal referência nesta modalidade do teatro no Brasil. A partir de sua prática e pesquisa, Florianópolis se tornou um campo fértil para experimentações teatrais de base comunitária que passaram a acontecer em vários bairros da cidade. O grupo Teatro Comunitário do Canto se constitui seu mais longevo projeto de parceria e continua atuante após sua morte ocorrida em 2019. Neste artigo escrito coletivamente, alguns de seus integrantes buscam em suas memórias as bases dos ensinamentos da mestra como um caminho de continuidade.
Teatro nas fronteiras: descentralizando o teatro no interior de Mato Grosso
Authors: Jesus Maria Edilene de
Published: August 2020

Este relato propõe um olhar para o teatro que é feito nas bordas, nas fronteiras das comunidades. Abordo aqui experiências como professora-artista em um teatro realizado na e com a comunidade no interior do Estado de Mato Grosso. Esse olhar visa refletir quais foram os caminhos traçados pelo Teatro Faces para construir e potencializar o teatro na comunidade através da descentralização do acesso as ações da Escola de Teatro Faces em Primavera do Leste. Contextualizando a partir de suas poéticas e práticas teatrais para infância e juventude um diálogo com a comunidade, prezando pelos atravessamentos, pela história de vida e de como essas pessoas – aprendizes da escola de teatro – pensam o mundo.
E no asilo, tem teatro? Relatos de uma experiência com o teatro na comunidade
Authors: Bachega Junior Vanderlei Antonio , Fregoneis Gabriela Pereira
Published: August 2020

O relato em questão se ateve a articular a concepção de Teatro na Comunidade, comentando uma experiência de ensino do teatro com idosos residentes de uma instituição de longa permanência. A articulação dos conceitos permitiu observar, por meio da prática de ensino, as possíveis formas de manifestação do fazer teatral em um asilo. A experiência se refere a produção e execução de um projeto de ensino desenvolvido por graduandos em Teatro, no contexto de uma disciplina de estágio na comunidade.
Frontières de l’intimité conjugale et
familiale : de la théorie aux approches empiriques
Authors: Piazzesi Chiara , Blais Martin , Belleau Hélène
Published: August 2020

Cadre de la recherche: Cet article
traite des frontières symboliques, discursives et pratiques des relations
intimes. Notre approche est inspirée par la théorie des systèmes de Niklas
Luhmann. La « frontière » est conçue comme une opération de la relation par
rapport à elle-même : la relation se définit elle-même par ses opérations
communicatives et elle définit ainsi les attentes légitimes de ses membres. La
relation existe alors en tant que frontière par ses opérations de communication,
qui statuent directement ou indirectement sur ce qu’elle est et sur ce qu’elle
n’est pas. Les symboles, les règles de sens et les références sémantiques sont
des outils mobilisés dans le travail de frontière. Cependant, ces symboles ne
définissent pas les façons de les utiliser dans ce travail.

Objectifs: L’article vise deux objectifs
principaux. Premièrement, en mobilisant en en définissant les concepts de
« frontières » et de « travail de frontière », l’article offre des outils
théoriques novateurs pour les recherches sur l’intimité. Deuxième, il montre
l’utilité empirique de ce concept par la discussion d’exemples de son
application à l’étude des formes et des processus de l’intimité en sciences
sociales.

Méthodologie: Ayant surtout une visée
théorique, l’article procède par clarification conceptuelle et définition des
notions de « frontières » et de « travail de frontière » en sciences sociales,
pour ensuite discuter des applications de ce concept aux relations intimes,
conjugales et familiales.

Résultats: Les frontières des relations
émergent de l’opérationnalisation de symboles, références sémantiques ou règles
de sens dans la communication entre partenaires ou membres des relations. Les
symboles mobilisés ne déterminent pas les modalités de leur opérationnalisation,
ce qui impose d’observer directement les opérations du travail de frontière afin
de les décrire et de les comprendre.

Conclusions : Avoir exploré les
fondements théoriques et empiriques du concept de frontières dans la sociologie
des relations intimes, cet article documente la place centrale de la sémantique
et du discours dans le travail de frontières qui définit les relations intimes.
Il montre également comment le concept permet de saisir les opérations
d’autodéfinition dont les relations mêmes ont besoin pour continuer à
exister. 

Contribution : Cet article offre une
synthèse des connaissances sur le concept de frontières et en montre le
potentiel heuristique pour aborder les relations intimes, conjugales ou
familiales. Les articles rassemblés dans ce numéro y contribuent également en
montrant sa pertinence pour analyser une diversité de relations intimes, peu
importe leur composition, leur durée ou leurs degrés de stabilité ou
d’institutionnalisation.
Boundaries of Marital and Family Intimacy: From Theory to Empirical Approaches
Authors: Piazzesi Chiara , Blais Martin , Belleau Hélène , Baslyk Valentina
Published: August 2020

Research Framework : This article discusses the
symbolic, discursive and practical boundaries of intimate relationships. Our
approach is inspired by Niklas Luhmann's systems theory. The "boundary" is conceived
as an operation of a relationship in relation to itself: the relationship defines
itself through its communicative operations and thus defines the legitimate
expectations of its members. The relation thus exists as a boundary through its
communicative operations, which directly or indirectly determine what it is and what
it is not. Symbols, rules of meaning and semantic references are tools used in
boundary work. However, the symbols do not define the ways in which these tools may
be employed in this work.

Objectives : The article has two main
objectives. First, by utilizing and defining the concepts of "boundaries" and
"boundary work," the paper offers innovative theoretical tools for intimacy
research. Second, it demonstrates the empirical utility of these concepts by
discussing examples of their application to the study of forms and processes of
intimacy in the social sciences.

Methodology : Primarily theoretical in focus,
the paper begins by conceptually clarifying and defining the concepts of
"boundaries" and "boundary work" in the social sciences, and then discusses their
applications to intimate, marital and family relationships.

Results : The boundaries of relationships
emerge from the operationalization of symbols, semantic references or rules of
meaning in communication between partners or members of relationships. The symbols
used do not determine the methods of their operationalization, which makes it
necessary to observe the operations of the boundary work directly in order to
describe and understand them.

Conclusions : Having explored the theoretical
and empirical foundations of the concept of boundaries in the sociology of intimate
relations, this paper documents the centrality of semantics and discourse in the
boundary work that defines intimate relations. It also shows how the concept
captures the operations of self-definition that the relationships themselves need in
order to continue to exist. 

Contribution:  This article summarizes what is
known about the concept of boundaries and shows its heuristic potential for
addressing intimate, marital or family relationships. The articles collected in this
issue also contribute by demonstrating its relevance in analyzing a diversity of
intimate relationships, regardless of their composition, duration, or degrees of
stability or institutionalization.
Acquérir un statut de patient : une
redéfinition nécessaire des frontières de l’intime au cours des parcours
d’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) en Italie (Lombardie).
Authors: Linconstant Léa
Published: August 2020

Cadre de la recherche : La loi italienne
définit l’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) comme « un traitement
thérapeutique permettant de soigner une maladie, l’infertilité ». Les parcours
d’AMP donnent à voir une forme d’association particulière entre un environnement
médical et la constitution de familles alors même que la grossesse n’est pas
encore survenue.

Objectifs : Cet article souhaite
interroger la façon dont les relations nouées au long des procédures produisent
de nouvelles frontières de l’intimité conjugale et parentale, l’intimité étant
comprise ici comme la relation exclusive nouée entre les deux membres d’un
couple.

Méthodologie : Notre analyse s’appuie sur
une ethnographie menée auprès d’un centre public italien d’assistance médicale à
la procréation, dans le cadre de laquelle nous avons observé les pratiques de
professionnels (gynécologues, biologistes, infirmières). Un corpus d’entretiens,
dont une cinquantaine avec des professionnels de l’AMP et une trentaine avec des
couples ou des femmes infertiles ayant déjà effectué au moins un parcours de
fécondation in vitro, complète les observations.

Résultats : Les parcours d’AMP ne
peuvent être compris comme des processus uniformes au cours desquels les
relations et les statuts n’évolueraient pas et au sein desquels deux individus
pourraient être considérés en tant que soignant et patient dès le départ. Au
contraire, ils relèvent d’un processus au cours duquel chaque place ou statut
attribué se modifie et évolue par un travail sur les corps et les relations de
l’ensemble des protagonistes. La question de la temporalité est donc essentielle
afin de rendre compte de l’épaisseur des parcours et de la diversité des
intentions et des relations qui les jalonnent.

Conclusion : Le parcours d’infertilité
et les techniques d’AMP revêtent un caractère particulier : la définition
thérapeutique de ces dernières ainsi que l’utilisation du terme « patient » pour
qualifier les personnes y ayant recours n’a rien d’évident. L’acquisition du
statut de patient se fait de façon processuelle à travers notamment une désingularisation progressive du couple et de son
histoire.

Contribution : Cet article contribue à
la réflexion sur la place du tiers au sein des techniques de reproduction
assistée. Ainsi, si notre ethnographie ne fait état d’aucun recours à un tiersdonneur – les couples bénéficiaient d’une AMP
strictement intraconjugale –, le processus de procréation s’inscrit néanmoins
dans une « action collective à plusieurs partenaires » (Théry, 2010) au sein de
laquelle s’insère un tiers, entendu comme un élément
extérieur au couple : le corps médical. L’intrusion de ce dernier participe à
redessiner les frontières de l’intimité familiale et conjugale.
Contacts parent-enfant en contexte de placement : liens entre la sensibilité du parent d’accueil et les réactions des enfants à la suite des contacts
Authors: Auger Lisa , Karine Poitras  , George M. Tarabulsy
Published: August 2020

Cadre de la recherche :Au Québec, la Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse encourage le maintien des contacts entre les enfants placés en famille d’accueil et leurs parents biologiques. Or, il n’existe pas de consensus empirique quant aux conséquences de ces contacts sur les enfants placés.

Objectifs :Notre étude vise à examiner les liens entre la sensibilité du parent d’accueil et les réactions des enfants à la suite de ces contacts, en considérant trois facteurs potentiellement confondants soit la sécurité d’attachement, l’âge au moment du premier placement et la fréquence des contacts.

Méthodologie :Il s’agit d’une étude quantitative réalisée auprès de 51 enfants placés âgés de 12 à 45 mois. Une entrevue individuelle auprès du parent biologique nous permet de documenter la fréquence des contacts réalisés auprès de l’enfant. Les réactions de l’enfant, à la suite des contacts, sont rapportées par le parent d’accueil. La sensibilité parentale et la sécurité d’attachement sont observées lors d’une visite au domicile du parent d’accueil. 

Résultats :La plupart des enfants affichent au moins une réaction négative à la suite des contacts. Les réactions négatives rapportées sont associées significativement à l’insensibilité du parent d’accueil. 

Conclusions :Notre étude suggère que la sensibilité du parent d’accueil peut être un facteur favorable à de meilleures transitions à la suite des contacts.

Contribution :Cet article contribue à la réflexion sur la tenue des contacts suivant une mesure de placement et sur les réactions manifestées par les enfants à la suite de ces contacts.
Les musées de migration en France
Authors: Poulot Dominique
Published: August 2020

Les musées en France, comme dans les autres pays, étaient traditionnellement au début de leur histoire consacrés à assurer la conservation, donc la permanence, de quelques œuvres d’art ou d’autres objets sur un territoire spécifique: ils illustraient la stabilité et la continuité de communautés plus ou moins imaginaires dont ces artefacts faisaient partie. C’est seulement au cours des dernières décennies du vingtième siècle que quelques musées d’histoire ou de société ont tenté d’exposer certains exemples d’immigrations : ce fut le cas du musée de Grenoble, à propos des communautés venues d’Italie, d’Arménie, d’Algérie, du Maroc. Mais le tournant à ce propos est la décision de créer un musée national d’histoire de l’immigration à Paris, sous la pression de communautés, d’historiens, et après une longue hésitation du pouvoir politique. Le choix d’installer l’établissement dans un palais de l’exposition coloniale de 1931, qui fournissait l’opportunité de réutiliser un monument historique, n’était pas heureux. L’ouverture elle-même intervint au moment du changement de la majorité politique au gouvernement, et enfin le musée fut envahi peu de temps après par des immigrés sans papiers, en protestation contre leurs conditions de travail. Le musée a eu depuis à lutter contre un ensemble de difficultés tenant au manque de budget, à sa relative marginalité dans la géographie touristique parisienne, et à un projet incertain, entre l’art contemporain, le tourisme et l’activisme social, ce qui ne lui a pas permis de s’installer vraiment dans le paysage muséal de la capitale. Une réforme complète de la muséographie est en cours, sous la direction d’un historien qui a récemment connu le succès avec une histoire mondiale de la France, et qui doit amener le musée à un statut international, au lieu de sacrifier aux vieilles querelles de l’identité nationale.
La fabrique du comique
Authors: Spinelli Céline
Published: August 2020

Le rire est une forme d’expression qui se retrouve dans toutes les cultures, l’une des marques premières de la sociabilité humaine. Énergie qui déborde et se diffuse, il est doté de plusieurs empreintes pouvant agir socialement aussi bien comme moteur d’intégration que de conflit, d’où son ambivalence intrinsèque. Cet article s’intéresse à l’analyse du rire en tant qu’outil d’interconnexion. Il se base sur l’observation de deux spectacles clownesques dans le cadre d’une enquête ethnographique lors du Festival Mundial de Circo (Brésil). Le propos s’appuie sur une double approche du thème : d’une part, la performance scénique est révélatrice des mécanismes de dérision engendrés par les artistes pour la fabrique du comique, d’autre part, l’expérience esthétique et la réception des spectacles explicite le potentiel du rire comme générateur de liens sociaux. Ceci sera le fil conducteur de l’article.
A preferência de Yahweh foi pelos detentores do poder (Esd 9-10) ou pelos humilhados (Rute)?: uma glosa que quis mudar tudo (Rt 4,17d-22)
Authors: Ferreira Joel Antônio
Published: August 2020

Nas poucas vezes em que apareceu o “ham ha’aretz” (povo da terra) em Esdras, houve uma autodenúncia dos elaboradores da redação final: eles desprezaram os estrangeiros, as mulheres e seus filhinhos. Os israelitas/hebreus que não foram exilados, por quase cem anos, conviveram com estrangeiros e tiveram abertura de gênero para os povos dos arredores. Com o apoio financeiro e político da Pérsia (Esd 7,18-25), os repatriados (Golah) deram o “golpe” no ham ha’aretz. Chegaram com o projeto de reconstruir o Templo, de redefinir a religião baseada na “pureza” e reelaborar as diretrizes para o novo povo, agora chamado de povo “judeu”. O/a leitor/a atento, hoje, tem lido esses vários textos com “suspeição” e, nessa desconfiança tem procurado a voz dos silenciados, a vez dos desaparecidos do sistema e o “espaço” conseguido pelos pobres e marginalizados. O livro de Rute será lido em total contraposição a Esdras (Esd 9-10). Com essa leitura se aprofundará o encontro com Yahweh, o Deus que está do lado dos pobres e desprezados. É preciso olhar, ainda, com suspeição a glosa em Rute (Rt 4,17d-22): acréscimo do poder para manipular todo o texto e toda a história libertadora.
Editorial
Authors: Rossi Luiz Alexandre Solano , Dietrich Luiz José , Souza Waldir
Published: August 2020

Dossiê "Bíblia e Arqueologia".
Amós: narrativa, memória, cotidiano e profecia! (Anotações exegéticas e arqueológicas em Amós 1-2)
Authors: Santos Suely Xavier dos
Published: August 2020

Este artigo aborda o texto de Amós 1-2 na perspectiva exegética e faz algumasanotações a partir da arqueologia. Não há o uso da abordagem maximalista natratativa do texto, mas uma leitura atenta aos aspectos exegéticos e arqueológicosque podem ser lidos e relidos no texto em questão para uma compreensão docotidiano. Assim, o artigo apresenta uma leitura de Amós a partir do conhecidociclo para os povos e o que isso representa para o povo pobre camponês noperíodo do século VIII a.C. em Israel Norte, em um momento de retomada deexpansão territorial e prosperidade econômica.
Avaliação microbiológica da solução heparinizada para manutenção de cateter intravenoso em função do tempo e condições de armazenamento
Authors: Cerri Fabrício Moreira , De Oliveira Priscila Gabriela Esteves , Pereira Ulisses De Padua , Pereira Priscilla Fajardo Valente
Published: August 2020

A solução heparinizada (SH) é amplamente utilizada para manter a viabilidade de cateteres intravenosos em humanos e animais hospitalizados. Entretanto, o seu tempo de utilização não é bem determinado na literatura. Em função deste fato, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a viabilidade microbiológica da SH por 12 dias, à temperatura ambiente e armazenada em geladeira. Para isso, quatro frascos contendo solução heparinizada foram armazenados por 12 dias, dois em temperatura ambiente e dois em geladeira. Para cada tipo de armazenamento, um frasco permaneceu com uma agulha acoplada durante todo o período experimental e no outro frasco uma nova agulha era utilizada a cada colheita. Amostras de 1 ml foram coletadas no momento da diluição, às 12h, 24h, 48h e 72h, e no 5º, 7º, 10º e 12º dia após a diluição, e enviadas para cultivo bacteriológico. Nas soluções mantidas na geladeira (3,58 ± 1,19 ºC) e na solução mantida à temperatura ambiente (19,39 ± 1,81 ºC), com a troca da agulha a cada colheita, não houve crescimento bacteriano em nenhum momento avaliado. No frasco mantido à temperatura ambiente e com a agulha permanentemente acoplada, isolou-se Staphylococcus coagulase negativa no 5º e 12º dia após a diluição. Este agente é comensal da pele humana e a sua presença pode estar associada à higienização inadequada dos seus manipuladores. A presença desta bactéria na SH, que seria administrada no cateter intravenoso, pode levar a complicações locais e sistêmicas no paciente hospitalizado. Portanto, nas condições deste estudo, a manutenção das SH com utilização de agulhas estéreis, seja em refrigeração ou em temperatura ambiente, garantiu a ausência de crescimento bacteriano, assegurando a viabilidade da solução por até 12 dias.
Evidence of exposure to Leptospira spp. in dogs at a zoonosis control center in Brazil
Authors: Albuquerque Mírian Da Rocha , Reis Thalita Amaral dos , Rocha Katarine De Souza , Brito Jacqueline Da Silva , Mesquita Gleiciane Schupp De Sena , Silva Andreia Ferreira da , Honório Betsy Emely Tavares , Maues Marcelino Antônio Costa , Abel Isis , Moraes Carla Cristina Guimarães de
Published: August 2020

Evidence of exposure to Leptospira spp. in dogs housed in the kennel of the Zoonosis Control Center of Belém, Pará, Brazil, was investigated. Whole blood and serum samples from 145 dogs were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microscopic agglutination test (MAT), respectively. A total of 64.14% of the dogs were found to be seropositive for Leptospira spp., with the most frequent serogroup being Djasiman (39.73%). However, PCR results revealed that all of the dogs were negative for Leptospira spp. DNA. Although the results of the study suggest the animals did not currently have leptospires in blood, they only show circulating anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies, implying prior contact with the bacteria.
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier is required for optimal brown fat thermogenesis
Authors: Panic Vanja , Pearson Stephanie , Banks James , Tippetts Trevor S , Velasco-Silva Jesse N , Lee Sanghoon , Simcox Judith , Geoghegan Gisela , Bensard Claire L , van Ry Tyler , Holland Will L , Summers Scott A , Cox James , Ducker Gregory S , Rutter Jared , Villanueva Claudio J
Published: August 2020

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is composed of thermogenic cells that convert chemical energy into heat to maintain a constant body temperature and counteract metabolic disease. The metabolic adaptations required for thermogenesis are not fully understood. Here, we explore how steady state levels of metabolic intermediates are altered in brown adipose tissue in response to cold exposure. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed changes in pathways involved in amino acid, glucose, and TCA cycle metabolism. Using isotopic labeling experiments, we found that activated brown adipocytes increased labeling of pyruvate and TCA cycle intermediates from U13C-glucose. Although glucose oxidation has been implicated as being essential for thermogenesis, its requirement for efficient thermogenesis has not been directly tested. We show that mitochondrial pyruvate uptake is essential for optimal thermogenesis, as conditional deletion ofMpc1in brown adipocytes leads to impaired cold adaptation. Isotopic labeling experiments using U13C-glucose showed that loss of MPC1 led to impaired labeling of TCA cycle intermediates. Loss of MPC1 in BAT increased 3-hydroxybutyrate levels in blood and BAT in response to the cold, suggesting that ketogenesis provides an alternative fuel source to compensate. Collectively, these studies highlight that complete glucose oxidation is essential for optimal brown fat thermogenesis.
Disynaptic cerebrocerebellar pathways originating from multiple functionally distinct cortical areas
Authors: Henschke Julia U , Pakan Janelle MP
Published: August 2020

The cerebral cortex and cerebellum both play important roles in sensorimotor processing, however, precise connections between these major brain structures remain elusive. Using anterograde mono-trans-synaptic tracing, we elucidate cerebrocerebellar pathways originating from primary motor, sensory, and association cortex. We confirm a highly organized topography of corticopontine projections in mice; however, we found no corticopontine projections originating from primary auditory cortex and detail several potential extra-pontine cerebrocerebellar pathways. The cerebellar hemispheres were the major target of resulting disynaptic mossy fiber terminals, but we also found at least sparse cerebrocerebellar projections to every lobule of the cerebellum. Notably, projections originating from association cortex resulted in less laterality than primary sensory/motor cortices. Within molecularly defined cerebellar modules we found spatial overlap of mossy fiber terminals, originating from functionally distinct cortical areas, within crus I, paraflocculus, and vermal regions IV/V and VI - highlighting these regions as potential hubs for multimodal cortical influence.
Off-target effects of protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors on oncostatin M-treated human epidermal keratinocytes: the phosphatase targeting STAT1 remains unknown
Authors: Hong Brian V. , Lee Ji H. , Rice Robert H.
Published: August 2020

Cytokine signaling in the epidermis has an important role in maintaining barrier function and is perturbed in pathological conditions. Environmental exposures, such as to metal compounds, are of interest for their potential contribution to skin disease. Present work explores the possibility that vanadate is a more effective protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor in human keratinocytes than previously observed in fibroblasts. It focuses on the state of phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) on tyrosine 701 upon treatment of cultured human keratinocytes with the cytokine oncostatin M, a cutaneous inflammatory mediator that is highly effective in suppressing several differentiation markers and in preserving proliferative potential of keratinocytes. Exposure to sodium vanadate in the medium greatly prolonged the phosphorylation of STAT1, but only at high concentration (>30 µM). Inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases known to dephosphorylate STAT1 (SHP2, TCPTP, PTP1B) were ineffective in mimicking the action of vanadate. The irreversible protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor phenyl vinyl sulfonate alone induced STAT1 phosphorylation and appeared to induce its limited cleavage. It also inhibited cross-linked envelope formation, a characteristic step of keratinocyte terminal differentiation, likely due to its reaction with the active site cysteine of keratinocyte transglutaminase. Thus, the key protein tyrosine phosphatase responsible for STAT1 dephosphorylation remains to be identified, and an off-target effect of a potential inhibitor was revealed.
Efficacy of a new dietary supplement in dogs with advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: Martello Elisa , Perondi Francesca , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Biasato Ilaria , Biasibetti Elena , Cocca Tiziana , Bruni Natascia , Lippi Ilaria
Published: August 2020

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in elderly dogs. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a dietary supplement containing calcium carbonate, calcium-lactate gluconate, chitosan and sodium bicarbonate in dogs with IRIS stage 3 of CKD. Twenty dogs were enrolled in the study, ten were administered the new dietary supplementation for 180 days (T group) while the others were used as control group (C group). Haematologic, biochemical and urinalysis were performed every 30 days. A significant reduction in the T group compared to the C group in serum phosphorus level and increase in serum bicarbonate and ionized calcium values were recorded. The urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) was significantly lower in the T group at the end of the study compared to the C group. The tested supplement could be considered as a supportive treatment for dogs with advanced CKD.
Monitoring rhinoceroses in Namibia’s private custodianship properties
Authors: Jewell Zoe C. , Alibhai Sky , Law Peter R. , Uiseb Kenneth , Lee Stephen
Published: August 2020

Routinely censusing rhinoceros’ populations is central to their conservation and protection from illegal killing. In Namibia, both white (Ceratotherium simum) and black (Diceros bicornis) rhinoceros occur on private land, in the latter case under a custodianship program of the Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET). Black rhinoceros custodian landowners are responsible for the protection of the rhinoceroses on their land and are required to report regularly to the MET. Monitoring imposes a financial burden on custodians yet many of the techniques used involve expensive monitoring techniques that include the need for aerial support and/or animal instrumentation. During May and June 2018, WildTrack undertook a pilot study to census black and white rhinoceros on three private custodianship properties in Namibia. We tested three footprint identification methods for obtaining estimates of rhinoceros populations in an effort to provide less costly alternative monitoring options to rhinoceros custodians. The first was a full monitoring protocol with two components: (a) tracking each individual animal and matching them to their footprints, (b) identifying those individuals from the heel lines on the prints. The second method used simple visual heel line identification ex-situ, and the third method used just an objective footprint identification technique. These methods offer different options of fieldwork labour and cost and were designed to offer monitoring options to custodians that provided information about rhinoceros movement and location, with minimal disturbance to the rhinoceros, and best matched their human and economic resources. In this study, we describe the three methods and report the results of the pilot study to compare and evaluate their utility for rhinoceros monitoring. The first method successfully matched each trail photographed to a known rhinoceros at each site. When the other two methods disagreed with the first, they did so by failing to match single trails to a known rhinoceros, thereby creating fictitious identities consisting of a single trail. This failure occurred twice in one application, but otherwise at most once. We expect this failure can be eliminated through more stringent criteria for collecting photographs of footprints. We also briefly compare the use of footprint monitoring with other commonly used monitoring techniques. On this basis, landowners hosting rhinoceros can evaluate which method best suits their needs and resources.
Nutritional Effects of Full-Fat Soy Flour as an Extender on Cooked Beef Sausage Quality
Authors: Ovuchimeru Amadi, Allbright
Published: August 2020

The effect of full-fat soy flour as an extender on the nutritional composition and sensory properties of cooked beef sausage was investigated. Sausage samples were produced using beef and full-fat soy flour (FFSF) as extender at 5%, 10% and 15% substitution levels while 100% beef sausage served as the control. The proximate, mineral and vitamin composition as well as sensory properties of the formulated sausages were determined using standard methods. Proximate analysis revealed an increase in moisture content (63.66-65.59%), protein (15.87-17.66%) and fat (4.22-6.37%) as beef was partially replaced with FFSF. Ash content also increased but at 15% FFSF, a decrease which was not significantly (p>0.05) different from control sample was observed. Crude fibre content was highest for sausage extended with 15% FFSF (1.03%) while carbohydrate content decreased significantly (11.93-7.25%) on partial replacement with FFSF. Mineral results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in magnesium (9.80-15.34 mg/100 g) and decrease in zinc (0.92-0.79 mg/100 g) as beef was partially replaced with FFSF. Calcium, sodium and phosphorus contents of beef sausages extended with 10% FFSF (18.74 mg/100 g, 52.78 mg/100 g and 95.82 mg/100 g, respectively) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than other sausage samples. Vitamin analysis also revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in vitamin A (4.23-5.32µg/100g) while vitamin B3 (0.037-0.033 mg/100 g) and vitamin B1 (0.023-0.013 mg/100 g) decreased as beef was extended with FFSF. Vitamin C content of sausage extended with 10% FFSF (2.76 mg/100 g) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than other samples. This same trend was observed for vitamin B2 content of sausage with 15% FFSF (0.034 mg/100 g). FFSF had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the sensory properties of the sausages. Thus, the use of full fat soy flour as an extender for cooked beef sausages is feasible as this will reduce the amount of meat used, thereby reducing the cost of the cooked beef sausage and at same time producing nutritious sausages.
Factors Influencing the Buying Behavior of Hybrid Paddy Seed Growers
Authors: Pandey Rashmi , Vinayagam Senthil , Krishnan M. , Akhila K.
Published: August 2020

This study was on factors influencing buying behavior of the hybrid paddy seed growers among selected districts of Bihar with following objectives source and level of awareness, buying behavior of farmers and promotion of sales at retail level. The 155 farmers were selected from 27 blocks of six sample districts of Bihar state which includes Banka, Bhagalpur, Katihar, Munger, Purnea and Samastipur. Structured interview schedule was used for collection of data. The Ex-post facto research design was used in this study. By using frequencies, percentages, garrets ranking and factor analysis, the results was carried. Majority of the farmers were aware of hybrid paddy seeds due to promotion of dealers/retailers. Promotional events and trainings were conducted by the company personnel to spread awareness among farmers about hybrid seeds. Plant height, grain size, water logging tolerance are the important factors to influence the farmers for purchase of hybrid paddy seeds. Due to loyalty of dealers they purchase from same outlet and the farmers expect provision of credit facility from the companies. ‘6444’ brand was chosen by the farmers due to better grain quality among all the brands from same outlet.
Determination of Arsenic (As) and Iron (Fe) Concentration in Ground Water and Associated Health Risk by Arsenic Contamination in Singair Upazila, Manikganj District, Bangladesh
Authors: Tasneem Atkeeya , Ahmed Tanvir , Uddin Md. Khabir
Published: August 2020

Contamination of drinking water by Arsenic (As) & Iron (Fe) is nowadays appeared as a big concern for public health and environment as well. Immoderate and continued revelation of inorganic arsenic along with drinking water is triggering arsenicosis. High Fe and As concentration found in the study area is also appeared as very challenging to those people who are consuming the water on regular basis and they may confront to a high health risk. This study is conducted to determine the concentration of Fe and As in ground tube-well containing possible health risk in Bangladesh which examines the ground water As and Fe scenario of Singair Upazila, Manikganj district. Total 40 samples were collected from the study area. As and Fe were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The study found As concentration ranged from 0.0011 to 0.0858 mg/L with the mean concentration as 0.04186 mg/L. Concentration of Fe was found 0.175 to 13.865 mg/L with the mean concentration as 3.600 mg/L whereas WHO standard level is 0.01 mg/L for As and 0.3 mg/l for Fe. It was also noticed that As and Fe concentration in shallow tube-well was relatively high than that in deep tube-well and a strong correlation between As and Fe was marked in the ground water. Therefore, to cope with this challenge, people should look for other sources or relocate the tube-well or treat the water for drinking and other everyday purposes.
Haematological Response of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Reared in Fish Cum-Duck Integrated System
Authors: Asuwaju F. P. , Bello U. A. , Hassana Idris , Ogunseye J. O.
Published: August 2020

This investigation was carried out to determine the haematological response of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared in a Fish cum-duck integrated system. One thousand and eighty pieces fingerlings with mean initial weight (MIW) and standard length (SL) (1.8 ± 0.22g, and 5.19 ± 0.44 cm) respectively were stocked for ten (10) weeks. The haematological investigation revealed that RBC and WBC increased significantly (P<0.05) within treatments. Other haematological variations were also observed in parameters such as PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and Hb with significant decrease (P< 0.05) in their mean values within treatments as compared to the control. Water quality parameters such as Dissolved oxygen ad Transparency shows evidential significant different (P< 0.05), while parameters such as Temperature, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Nitrate, Phosphate, Biological oxygen demand (BOD), Turbidity and pH shows no significant difference (P> 0.05). This studies shows in conclusion, that there were variations in the haematological and water quality parameters, but it was noticed that the values recorded could not to a greater extent hurt the fish because is still within the tolerable limits as confirmed by other research evidences. More so, the level of gains outweighs the level of damages caused as compared to the economic approach.
Agronomic Behavior of Six Saladette Tomato Hybrids Grown under Shade Mesh
Authors: Cortez María del Pilar Marín , Montejo Neymar Camposeco
Published: August 2020

Aims: The objective was to evaluate six indeterminate saladette tomato hybrids in Southeast, Coahuila, Mexico. Under shade house covered with anti-aphid mesh, to determine their performance, commercial quality and adaptability.

Study Design: The experimental design used in each test was completely randomized model with six treatments and three repetitions each. The treatments were hybrids Lubino were Lubino F1, Zopilote F1, Sahariana F1, Raptor F1, Quetzal F1 and RTF-713172 F1.

Place and Duration of Study: The site was Parras Valley Tomatoes in Parras, Coahuila, México. During april to November 2017.

Methodology: The distance between the lines were 1.80 m, between the plantpots 36 cm and two plants per plantpots, with approximately 30,000 plants per hectare calculated. The genotypes used were Lubino F1, Zopilote F1, Sahariana F1, Raptor F1, Quetzal F1 and RTF-713172 F1. The following agronomic characteristics  were evaluates: yield, total number of fruits, average fruit weight, number of fruits per bunch, length between clusters, length of internodes, main stem thickness and commercial quality of fruit.

Results: The results indicate that the highest yielding hybrid was Zopilote with 4.3 kg plant-1, followed by Saharan, the average weight of the product obtained best in Saharan and Quetzal with 122.33 and 118.33 g respectively, the most compact variety was Zopilote due to the shorter distance between bunches, contrary to what was demonstrated by Lubino.

Conclusion: The best variety for the Southeast of Coahuila is Zopilote F1, due to its higher yield and for being a compact plant.
Left Main and Right Coronary Artery Arising from Single Coronary Trunk: A Very Rare Cardiac Anomaly
Authors: Gupta Aditya , Rai Rohit , Shaikh Shakil , Munde Kalyan , Bansal Narendra O.
Published: August 2020

Aim: Single coronary artery is a rare anomaly. Patients may present with syncope, angina or rarely sudden cardiac death.

Presentation of Case: Patient presented with dyspnea on exertion for one year. On 2D Echo patient had small restrictive VSD. On coronary angiography single coronary artery from right cusp was seen. On CT angiography anomalous origin was confirmed. There was no malignant course of coronary artery.

Discussion: Anomalous origin of coronary arteries are rare cardiac anomalies. It can present as syncope, angina, or sudden cardiac death especially in patients with malignant course of coronary artery passing between aorta and pulmonary artery. Hence CT coronary angiography is useful to rule out the malignant course. In our patient, there was no malignant course hence managed conservatively.

Conclusion: Anomalous origin of coronary artery is a rare anomaly and requires tailored treatment according to type and course of artery.
Maturation and Fecundity of Large Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii and Macrobrachium gangeticum in the Ganga River System in India
Authors: Prasad Suday
Published: August 2020

The Ganga is the largest perennial river in India. The prawns’ fishery resources are declining in middle stretch of the river Ganga near Patna. The present paper deals with the maturation and fecundity of large size Macrobrachium species like Macrobrachium gangeticum (Bate) and Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (Edwards) were estimated for the period of two years.  Maturity and fecundity of prawn were evaluated according to the size of prawn, ovary and breeding frequency. The initial stage developing ovaries of M. gangeticum were observed small & light yellowish green colour but at stage II to mature gonad of M.  gangeticum were found deep yellow green mass in the carapace, whereas in M. malcolmsonii the developing stage of ovaries was observed large yellowish in colour and matured female gonad were found comparatively in large and deep yellow in the carapace. The gravid females observed long setae at the base of genital aperture and 1- 4 pleopodes in both species. After mating, eggs were transferred by both the female prawn from ovary to brood pouch. Berried prawn M. gangeticum one week old fertilized eggs were looked as yellowish green finally brawn color. Whereas, in M. malcolmsonii, one week fertilized eggs were looked as yellowish-grey then finally changed deep gray. M. gangeticum and M. malcolmsonii female releases of eggs, her ovaries displayed either stage resting or zero characteristics. The species of M. gangeticum possess minimum of 8000 eggs with size 75 mm and the maximum 76,240 eggs with respective size 190 mm, whereas M. malcolmsonii the minimum fecundity observed 8100 eggs with size 75 mm and the maximum fecundity was 81,200 eggs of 190 mm size. The total weights of the eggs per female prawn as well as the mean number of eggs were improved with cumulative length and weight. The breeding frequency of both species were found four times and in first breeding the number of eggs was found slight, but it increased  comparatively in second and third breeding and got decreased  again in fourth breeding.
HPLC Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of Methanol Extract/Fractions of the Root of Millettia aboensis (Hook.f.) Baker against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Ikuesan Adeniran J. , Ajaegbu Eze E. , Ezeh Ukachukwu C. , Dieke Adaobi J. , Onuora Adaora L. , Ezugworie Flora N. , Izekor Ese S. , Tunde Aduloju A. , Bassey Nneyeneime U. , Elechi Jennifer N. Ewa- , Nwigwe Juliet O. , Komolafe Oluwapelumi O.
Published: August 2020

Millettia aboensis (Hook.f.) Baker belongs to the Leguminosae family, known locally as nduezi in Igbo, erurumesi in Edo, and Òdúdū in Efik. The plant parts have proven to be active against some diseases. The plant was studied for its antimicrobial activity and the phytochemicals present. The plant materials were macerated and fractionated using different extraction methods. The compounds present in the fractions of the stem were detected with the aid of HPLC-DAD. The efficacy of the crude methanol and fractions from the root part was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans. The results showed that the aqueous fraction extract had the highest percentage yield (51.11%), followed by the ethyl acetate (24.10%), butanol (6.63%), and hexane (5.56%), while the methanol extract had a yield of 2.48%. Nine phytochemical compounds were detected from the fractions of the root extract: bis-oxazolidinone derivative – 1, circumdatin F – 2, enniatin B – 3, septicine – 4, orobol 8-C-glucoside – 5, rocaglamide – 6, genistein 6-C-glucoside – 7, 3-phenyl chromen-4-one – 8, and corynesidone D – 9. The methanol extract/fractions of M. aboensis showed no antimicrobial activities on clinical isolates at different concentrations (6.25-50 mg/ml). Based on the poor activity against Strep. mutans, but with promising phytoconstituents present, the extract/fractions need further investigation as regards its utilization against other pathogens.
Assessment of Chemoprotective Potential of Curcumin against DMBA-Croton Oil Induced Skin Cancer in Mice
Authors: Sharma Sarita , Koneri Raju , Sharma Gaurav Kumar , Chandrul Kaushal K.
Published: August 2020

Background: Skin cancer is the most aggressive form of cancer with a high mortality rate. Different medications of skin cancer are accessible, yet because of improvement of multi-drug resistance, flow and rising chemotherapies have a generally low achievement rate. This emphasize the importance of discovering new compounds that are both safe and effective against skin cancer. This study used and compared different routes of administration of a natural compound curcumin to investigate the anti-cancer effect.

In this investigation it has been resolved that the curcumin expands CAT and SOD levels alongside decline in the TBARS levels.

Methods: The hindrance of tumour rate Curcumin was assessed in mice on two phase procedure of skin carcinogenesis incited by single utilization of DMBA/7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene (100 µg/100 µl of CH3)2CO), and after 2 weeks advanced by rehashed use of croton oil (1% CH3)2CO/thrice in seven days) till the finish of the trial (i.e. 16 weeks). Oral administration of drug at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight/day at the pre-initiation stage (i.e. 7 days prior and 7 days after DMBA application), promotional stage (for example from the time of croton oil application) and at both the stages (i.e. 7 days before DMBA application and proceeded till the finish of investigation) to the mice Treatment were started 1 week before the exposure to the carcinogen and continued till 25 weeks daily. At the end of experimental period all the animals were sacrificed and observed for various parameters.

Results: The following parameters (body weight, biochemical studies, haematological studies) were observed and data was collected time to time and calculated statistically to evaluate the anticancer effect of curcumin was found to effective against the skin cancer.