bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pedagogia waldorf e a educação ambiental
Authors: Gomes Helen Abdom , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo coloca em diálogo a fenomenologia goetheana, steineriana, merleau-pontiana e autores contemporâneos com o intuito de refletir o quanto a ecofenomenologia pode contribuir para as pesquisas e práticas em educação ambiental no contexto das escolas waldorf. Identificou-se que a perspectiva ecocêntrica e a agência não humana são intencionalmente exploradas nas escolas waldorf, apesar desses conceitos não aparecerem explicitamente nas teorias que as fundamentam. As vivências na pedagogia waldorf podem ser um caminho de criação, imaginação, movimento e estética devido a sua concepção holística; e de profundo contato e respeito com a natureza.
O olho seco e o uso de videoterminais
Authors: Karam Cinara Menegotto Cavalheiro , Pereira Alexandre Macedo , Minasi Luis Fernando
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo, discutimos ações educativas como práticas sociais atreladas ao processo preventivo do Olho Seco (OS) decorrente do uso de videoterminais (VTDs). Este estudo ocorre por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura que envolve a área da saúde (Oftalmologia) e a área da educação (Educação Ambiental - EA). Este trabalho busca responder à seguinte questão: Que função social exerce a EA em articulação com a área de saúde oftalmológica na prevenção do OS nos usuários de VDTs? Discutimos ainda, neste artigo, as ações educativas na prevenção do OS por uso de VDTs adotadas pela área de saúde, bem como o papel da EA nesse processo. É relevante destacar que a perspectiva de EA adotada neste estudo está fundamentada no materialismo-histórico dialético, em contraposição à compreensão conservadora (reducionista) de educação, que aparta práticas educativas preventivas do contexto sócio-histórico.
Percepções socioambientais de estudantes do Ensino Fundamental sobre o Rio Macaco em Palmeira das Missões/RS
Authors: Soares Jeferson Rosa , Costella Roselane Zordan , Lima Robaina José Vicente
Published: August 2021

O Rio Macaco em Palmeira das Missões/RS vem sofrendo diversos impactos ocasionados pela ação antrópica. Neste sentido, este artigo tem como finalidade avaliar as percepções socioambientais de alunos do 5º ao 9º ano de três escolas municipais de ensino fundamental sobre a temática microbacia do Rio Macaco, por meio de um questionário semiestruturado aplicado em diferentes regiões do município. Para a análise dos resultados foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa de Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados demonstram que o conhecimento dos alunos sobre a temática é inconsistente e inadequado, demonstrando a importância de uma necessária integração interdisciplinar e transversal da Educação Ambiental no contexto escolar possibilitando uma aprendizagem significativa através da inclusão de importantes temáticas, na contextualização do ensino.
The Need for Permit Management within Biodiversity Collection Management Systems to Digitally Track Legal Compliance Documentation and Increase Transparency About Origins and Uses
Authors: Zimkus Breda M. , Ford Linda S. , Morris Paul J.
Published: August 2021

A growing number of domestic and international legal issues are confronting biodiversity collections, which require immediate access to information documenting the legal aspects of specimen ownership and restrictions regarding use. The Nagoya Protocol, which entered into force in 2014, established a legal framework for access and benefit-sharing of genetic resources and has notable implications for collecting, researchers working with specimens, and biodiversity collections. Herein, we discuss how this international protocol mandates operating changes within US biodiversity collections. Given the new legal landscape, it is clear that digital solutions for tracking records at all stages of a specimen's life cycle are needed. We outline how the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ) has made changes to its procedures and museum-wide database, MCZbase (an independent instance of the Arctos collections management system), linking legal compliance documentation to specimens and transactions (i.e., accessions, loans). We used permits, certificates, and agreements associated with MCZ specimens accessioned in 2018 as a means to assess a new module created to track compliance documentation, a controlled vocabulary categorizing these documents, and the automatic linkages established among documentation, specimens, and transactions. While the emphasis of this work was a single year test case, its successful implementation may be informative to policies and collection management systems at other institutions.
Playmobil#u#®#e#-Ritter als Ausdruck der Geschichtskultur
Authors: Bramann Christoph , Ebert Stephan F.
Published: August 2021

Christoph Bramann und Stephan F. Ebert analysieren mithilfe eines historisch-didaktischen und eines mediävistischen Ansatzes Playmobil®-Ritter hinsichtlich vorhandener Bezüge zur Epoche des Mittelalters. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung ist die Annahme, dass bereits Kinder durch das Spielen mit Spielzeug Präkonzepte ausbilden, die historische Lernprozesse - sowohl in der Schule, als auch noch später in der Universität - nachhaltig beeinflussen können. Hierzu werden exemplarische »Ritter«-Figuren ihren mittelalterlichen »Vorbildern« gegenübergestellt. Davon ausgehend werden mögliche Vorstellungen über die Epoche des Mittelalters abgeleitet und abschließend in Bezug auf weiterführende Implikationen zu ihrer Einbindung in historische Lernprozesse diskutiert.
Schillers »Ästhetische Briefe« als Literatur
Authors: Lucke Alexa
Published: August 2021

Der Versuch, Friedrich Schillers Text Über die Ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen (1795) als ›Literatur‹ und nicht als ein theoretisch-poetologisches Dokument der Philosophie über die Kunst zu lesen, stellt die Plausibilität seiner konventionellen disziplinären Verortung in Frage. Denn der darin enthaltene programmatische Anspruch an die »ästhetische Kunst« und die »Dichtung« vollzieht sich zugleich und im selben Text anhand von literarischen Praktiken - wie der Performanz ›logischer Fehler‹. Mit dieser anderen Perspektive auf den vielfach gedeuteten Text erklärt und begründet Alexa Lucke die bis heute ungelösten Probleme seiner logischen Unstimmigkeiten, Widersprüche und Aporien.
Biochemical and Health Properties of Truffles
Authors: Chauhan Om Prakash , Vijay Vani , Pandey Arun Kumar , Semwal Anil Dutt
Published: August 2021

Truffles are the most expensive edible mushrooms refer to genus tuber which grows symbiotically in plant roots such as oaks and hazels. Truffles are underground mushrooms also known for their characteristic earthy flavor which is the major reason for their special place in the culinary. Their characteristic intense aroma helps them in reproduction by attracting small animals. Truffles can survive in a wide range of environments such as deep forests as well as deserts. The most expensive varieties of truffles include Tuber melanosporum (Black truffle), Tuber magnatum (White truffle), Tuber aestivum (Burgundy truffle), Tirmania nivea, and Terfezia chlaveryi (Dessert truffles). Truffles vary in their composition and flavor profile from species to species. The major volatile components which are responsible for truffle aroma are aldehydes, ketones, sulfur compounds, alcohols, and esters. Truffles are highly nutritious, rich in antioxidants, and have therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial activity, antiviral activity, antimutagenic activity, anti-inflammatory activity, hepatoprotective activity, etc. The major active components present in truffle are tuberoside, phenolics, anandamide, and ergosterol.
Assessment of Airborne Fungi in Childrens Hospital Located in Kolkata India
Authors: Dhar Debasmita Ghosh , Dhar Priyanka , Das Ashok Kumar , Uddin Naim
Published: August 2021

Fungal spores contribute significant concentration in the bioaerosol of various environmental conditions which may have potential health threats. Our study was aimed at determining the presence of disseminating airborne fungi in a pediatric government hospital in Kolkata. The study was started from the post-monsoon to the middle winter (August to December 2008) in the indoor and outdoor environment of the hospital with temperature and humidity ranges of 11.2 °C-35.2 °C and 70 per cent-90 per cent, respectively. Air sampling was performed at 14 days intervals during the daytime following the gravitation settling method, and the fungal colonies were identified based on micro and macro morphological characteristics. The percentage contribution of individual fungal species from the outdoor section and indoor units (Newborn Baby Ward, Respiratory Care Unit, Step Down Ward, Thalassemia Care Unit) of the hospital environment was calculated. We observed profound aeromycofloral diversity where the outdoor environment was mostly colonised by sterile hyphae (16.43 %) along with the allergenic Aspergillus fumigatus (13.6 %) and Penicillium sp. (12.32 %). Conversely, an abundance of Cladosporium herbarum (24.7 %) and Penicillium sp. (17.85 %) followed by Aspergillus sp. (12.9 %) and sterile hyphae (14.51 %) were found in different indoor units. Our results showed the diversity of airborne mycoflora which promotes the trend to health difficulties and thus the hospital environment monitoring along with proper control measures is essential.
Abdominal Obesity A Stepping Stone to Non Communicable Diseases in South Asia
Authors: Dhawan Deepika , Sharma Sheel
Published: August 2021

This article provides an overview of the relationship between abdominal obesity (AO) and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in South Asia. A literature review has been conducted using key words: Abdominal obesity, Non-Communicable Diseases, Adipokines and South Asia, searching Scopus, Pubmed, Google scholar and Medline databases. South Asians suffer from abdominal obesity that results in systematic inflammation giving rise to excess production of harmful adipokines that eventually leads to the occurrence of NCDs. The incidence of NCDs related mortality ranges between 44 per cent - 84 per cent. Impaired developments during pregnancy may also have a linkage with AO and NCDs. Adipokines and fat derivatives produced in abundance by the abdominal fat tissues have a crucial implication in the progression of NCDs. South Asians have unhealthy metabolic profile leading to several forms of NCDs. Further research needs to be done in the population groups suffering from abdominal obesity to derive interventional strategies to prevent as well as manage NCDs in clinical settings.
Family protective factors for the prevention of the use of psychoactive substances in fifth grade students of educational institution San Luis Gonzaga the village Chicoral (El Espinal, Tolima)
Authors: Acevedo-Silva Martha Magdalena , Camargo-Cardona Luisa Julieta , Fajardo-Ramos Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Determinar los factores protectores familiares que previenen el uso de sustancias psicoactivas en los estudiantes del grado quinto de primaria de la Institución Educativa San Luis Gonzaga de Chicoral corregimiento de El Espinal Tolima. Materiales y métodos: La metodología utilizada fue de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. El análisis y procesamiento de la información se llevó a cabo mediante la utilización del paquete estadístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versión 18. La recolección de la Información se realizó a través de la aplicación de una encuesta, una escala tipo Lickert autoaplicable. La muestra estuvo constituida por un total de 130 estudiantes de quinto de primaria de la Institución educative pertenecientes al estrato 1 y 2 de acuerdo al régimen subsidiado SISBEN Resultados: Para la realización del análisis se empleó la estadística descriptiva con tablas de frecuencias, figuras de barras y cruces de variables. Conclusiones: El estudio permitió reconocer la importancia que tienen los factores protectores para el desarrollo integral y saludable de los adolescentes. La comunicación es un posibilitador de los factores protectores familiares. El fenómeno de consumo a SPA no tiene características diferenciales para el contexto urbano y el contexto rural.
Studi Retrospektif: Profil Penggunaan Obat Analgesik pada Pasien Pascatonsilektomi di Departemen SMF THT-KL RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Tahun 2015-2016
Authors: Mardhiyah Tha'atam , Cholid Maulydia Muhamad , Yusuf Muhtarum
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Nyeri merupakan keluhan yang umum terjadi pada hari pertama pascatonsilektomi dan merupakan hambatan yang signifikan dalam proses rehabilitasi. Pemberian analgesik yang dimulai sejak hari pertama pascatonsilektomi dapat meringankan nyeri. Peneliti melakukan pengamatan terhadap profil penggunaan obat analgesik pada pasien pascatonsilektomi di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.Tujuan: Mengetahui profil penggunaan obat analgesik dalam penanganan nyeri pada pasien pascatonsilektomi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan retrospektif deskriptif dengan mengamati profil pemberian obat analgesik berdasarkan golongan obat analgesik terbanyak, analgesik tunggal dan kombinasi, analgesik awal dan lanjutan, berdasarkan kelompok umur anak dan dewasa dan cara pemberian. Penelitian juga akan meliputi sosiodemografi (jenis kelamin dan umur) pasien dan tingkatan nyeri setelah pemberian analgesik.Hasil: Dari 28 sampel, kelompok analgesik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah pyazolon (metamizol, antrain) (51,3%), sedangkan pada terapi kombinasi didominasi tramadol dengan ketorolak (33,3%). Sebanyak delapan pasien (28,6%) dari total 28 pasien menerima analgesik lanjutan dari jenis lain. Metamizol adalah obat yang paling banyak digunakan untuk pasien anak-anak (57,7%), sedangkan pada pasien dewasa didominasi ketorolak (50%).Kesimpulan: Pemberian metamizol masih menjadi pilihan dalam penanganan nyeri pascatonsilektomi, diikuti oleh ketorolak yang paling diberikan kepada pasien dewasa. Terdapat juga kombinasi tramadol dengan ketorolak yang menjadi pilihan pada terapi multimodal. Jalur pemberian analgesik dengan rute intravena paling banyak dilakukan pada penanganan nyeri pascatonsilektomi.
Hubungan Kadar Midazolam Plasma Ibu Dan Bayi Dengan Kondisi Fisik Serta Waktu Persalinan Pada Pasien Sectio Caesaria Yang Mendapat Premedikasi Midazolam Intravena
Authors: Putri Eva Susana , Budiono Uripno , Jatmiko Heru Dwi
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Premedikasi midazolam rutin diberikan pada anestesi spinal karena sangat bermanfaat untuk memberikan efek sedasi, amnesia, menghilangkan kecemasan. Premedikasi midazolam untuk pasien section caesaria masih kontroversial karena ditakutkan terjadinya depresi napas neonatus. Hal ini karena informasi farmakologi transplasenta masih langka. Pada penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan dosis 0,02mg/kgbb iv aman bagi bayi. Penelitian ini bermaksud menambah informasi mengenai studi farmakokinetika yaitu menganalisis hubungan kadar midazolam plasma ibu dan bayi dengan kondisi fisik dan lamanya persalinan.Tujuan: Membuktikan adanya hubungan kadar midazolam plasma ibu dan bayi dengan kondisi fisik serta waktu persalinan.Metode: Ruang lingkup penelitian adalah Anestesiologi dan Farmakologi. Sample sebanyak 15 orang yang telah melalui kriteria inklusi dan eklusi Pasien diberi premedikasi midazolam dosis 0,02 mg/kgbb iv sesaat sebelum dilakukan anestesi spinal (± 2 menit). Setelah bayi lahir dipotong tali pusat, maka diambil arah vena maternal dan diambil sampel darah vena umbilikali Kadar midazolam plasma diukur menggunakan HPLC. Analisa statistik korelasi dengan pearson.Hasil: Usia ibu mempunyai hubungan bermakna positif dengan kadar midazolam plasma ibu (r=0,932 ; =0,000) dan bayi (r=0,578 ; =0,024). Usia kehamilan mempunyai hubungan bermakna negatif dengan kadar midazolam plasma ibu (r= -0,648 ; = -0,009). Berat badan bayi mempunyai hubungan bermakna negatif dengan kadar midazolam plasma bayi (r= -0,954 ; =0,000). Waktu persalinan mempunyai hubungan bermakna negatif dengan kadar midazolam plasma ibu (r= - 0,760 ; =0,001) maupun bayi (r= -0,558 ; = -0,031).Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan kadar midazolam plasma ibu dan bayi terhadap kondisi fisik serta waktu persalinan.
Perbedaan Agregasi Trombosit pada Penderita yang Mendapat Propofol dan Penthotal
Authors: Arliansah Arliansah , Nurcahyo Widya Istanto , Satoto Hariyo
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Perdarahan perioperatif merupakan masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam setiap operasi. Penggunaan obat anestesi induksi mempunyai pengaruh menghambat agregasi trombosit. Propofol dan Penthotal mempengaruhi Agregasi Trombosit.Tujuan: Membuktikan perbedaan pengaruh Propofol dan Penthotal terhadap Agregasi Trombosit.Metode: Merupakan penelitian Randomized Clinical Control Trial pada 34 pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (n=17), Propofol dan Penthotal. Masing-masing kelompok diperiksa TAT sebelum induksi dan 5 menit setelah induksi. Uji statistik pair t-test dan independent t-test terhadap propofol atau penthotal dan agregasi trombosit.Hasil: Agregasi maksimal trombosit, sebelum dan sesudah pemberian propofol atau penthotal berbeda bermakna. Kelompok penthotal persentase agregasi maksimal trombosit 68,73 ± 6,06% dan propofol 54,68 ± 9,55%, menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara keduanya (p=0,001). Hasil sesudah perlakuan, kelompok propofol 14 orang hipoagregasi (82,4%), dan 3 orang normoagregsi (17,6%). Sementara kelompok penthotal 5 orang hipoagregasi (29,4%), dan sisanya 12 orang normoagregasi (70,6%). Secara statistik propofol secara bermakna menyebabkan hipoagregasi daripada penthotal.Kesimpulan : Propofol secara bermakna menurunkan agregasi maksimal trombosit dan menyebabkan hipoagregasi lebih banyak daripada penthotal.
An Assessment of the Adequacy of the Methods Of Domestic Solid Waste Management in Kisii Town, Kenya
Authors: Naftal Mecheo O.
Published: August 2021

Urban domestic solid waste is increasingly being generated in many urban centres including middle sized towns. In many urban areas in developing countries there’s a growing need and awakening for meeting the waste disposal for the ever increasing population. This paper examines and analyses the varied treatment and disposal methods of domestic solid waste employed in Kisii town. The specific objective of the study include: to assess the adequacy of the available management systems of handling domestic solid waste (DSW) in Kisii town. A mixed methodology approach was taken into consideration. A sample of 110 households was obtained using the multi stage stratified sampling method. Data collection methods of the sampled size involved the use of questionnaires to 110 householders and direct interviews to 2 county officers in charge of DSW and observation integrated with photography. Data analysis was carried out using methods such as use of tables and graphs through SPSS. The results indicate that the storage facilities are inadequate for the residents, the collection times are not only insufficient but also irregular, the transportation means employed are limited, and disposal and treatment of the DSW is limited to mainly open dumping at the overfilled Nyambera dumpsite. In conclusion, the management methods of the DSW are inadequate and pose severe health risks to the residents of Kisii. It is recommended that, for effective domestic solid waste management adequate bins should be provided in the town, collection should be regular and indiscriminate in all estates, recycling, re-use, reduce and energy recovery should be introduced to move from challenges to opportunities. Finally, an integrated model of integrating CBOs and private groups in management of DSW is suggested to ensure sustainable solid waste management.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO (ARMM) PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS FOR MORO NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT (MNLF) COMMUNITY IN MAGUINDANAO PROVINCE
Authors: Mayasa Samsiya , Manalasal Abdulmanan , Fiesta Margie , Butuan Omar
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the ARMM programs and projects implementation to MNLF identified communities in the province of Maguindanao during the year periods of 2013 to 2017. Specifically, this study attempts to determine the programs and projects of ARMM to MNLF identified communities; how the implementing offices and agencies of ARMM implement these programs and projects to the MNLF-respondents; the extent of benefits do MNLF respondents have obtained from these programs and projects in terms of: (a) Livelihood (b) Health and (c) education; the problems encountered by the MNLF-respondents during the implementation of these programs and projects; and the prepared alternatives/solutions to these problems. This study further used the combination of “Quantitative and Qualitative” analysis of data. The respondents were the MNLF-Field Commanders and identified MNLF community leaders in Maguindanao Province. The Purposive Sampling was used because only One Hundred Fifty-Six (156) MNLF Commanders and Leaders under Prof. Nur Misuari were used as sample respondents. The findings show that there are serious problems that need to be addressed by the national government on the implementation of the MOU signed by the OIC-GPh-MNLF tripartite process structure to monitor the implementation of the 1996 Peace Agreement and the security, governance, economic activities, including the delivery of social services in the conflict-affected areas. Thus, the government specially, ARMM is tasked to formulate and oversee programs and projects implementation in the cities, provinces and municipalities to improve the lives of the Moros and MNLF combatants regardless of race, tribes and group or faction organization affiliation. Hence as concluded further, various socio-economic activities of the ARMM government found out failed or maybe failed again.

 

Keywords: Implementation, Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), Programs and Projects, Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), Maguindanao Province
An Investigation on Sharia Governance in Islamic Banking A Case of Islamic Banks in Oman
Authors: Al-Musheifri Ziyad Juma
Published: August 2021

The concept of Sharia governance in Islamic banks in Oman was highlighted by presenting the conceptual framework for Sharia governance and regulating the Islamic banks through Sharia governance. Finally, the study explains the role of Sharia governance in raising the efficiency of Islamic banks. As this research paper concluded that Sharia governance has a major role in Islamic banks, through the existence of a Sharia supervisory body on all transactions that take place inside these banks, which prevents the occurrence of any activities that violate the provisions of Islamic law, as happens in other banks.

The Sharia Supervisory Board for Muzn is the highest authority in the bank with regard to all matters related to Islamic law. It ensures that the commission’s decisions are strictly followed. The Sharia Supervisory Board reviews product papers, structures, policies, and legal documents and all other tasks. The board also provides decisions based on Sharia in all matters and related banking issues, including opinion on all aspects of the bank's commitment to Islamic law. The findings indicated that Sharia governance laws must be applied by Islamic banks and they need to make updates through the SSB and AAOIFI boards. Sharia was found to be a regulatory and supervisory component that Islamic banks must operate under to ensure the religion has been applied within the establishment of the banks.
Code-switching in Intercultural Communication and English Language Teaching
Authors: Alharbi Samar
Published: August 2021

Code-switching is the interplay between two languages. Code-switching happens when the speakers switch between two or more languages or linguistic varieties in the context of a particular discussion or conversation. Many people engage in code-switching or mixing practises by speaking a different language and their mother tongue when talking with other individuals who comprehend various languages. There are multiple reasons why people tend to code-switch during interaction with others. One important reason is that people consciously and unconsciously code-switch because they want to fit in. Code-switching is also implied in the language teaching context, where L2 learners cod switching between their mother tongue and the other language to get involved in the learning process. The practice of code-switching in Foreign language classroom has been examined thoroughly in the literature. This paper will introduce the concept of code-switching, its types and the reasons for code-switching. It will offer some implication of code-switching in English as a second or foreign language (EFL) classroom.
DISASTER COMMUNICATION ON ONLINE NEWS PORTAL TRIBUNNEWS MARCH 2020 EDITION AS DISASTER MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
Authors: Chandra Sari Rohmah Nia , Kriyantono Rachmat , Dwi Prianti Desi
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 has become an issue that has been written about in the media since the end of 2019. Since the emergence of the first case in Indonesia in March 2020, efforts are needed to manage disasters that occur. The role of various parties is needed to provide information and communication to the public, one of which is through the mass media. Information on pre-disaster is important for the formation of security and community capacity in dealing with disasters. The mass media becomes a self-warning system in providing information and education to the public. Currently the media continues to grow, the internet makes it easy for every audience to access various information in the mass media, one of which is disaster information. This study aims to provide an overview of how disaster information is packaged in the mass media as a form of disaster communication to the public. The concepts used in this research are disaster management, and disaster journalism. This research method uses descriptive qualitative using literature studies and framing analysis on the online news portal Tribunnews during March 2020. The results of this study indicate that disaster communication determines community attitudes in dealing with disasters. The role of disaster communication in the mass media is very important, and can determine the success of the government in providing information for public safety and overcoming disasters that occur. This research contributes that the optimization of disaster communication is important in disaster management. The government is the main source of the media in finding news sources. Therefore, the government must provide information intake actively, periodically and with a positive frame.
Knowledge of Artificial Fruit Ripening Among Consumers in Rivers State
Authors: Eze Elizabeth E. , Asogwa Emmanuel. U.
Published: August 2021

The study investigated the knowledge of artificial fruit ripening among consumers in Rivers State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Four research questions and three null hypotheses tested at .05 alpha level guided the study. The population for the study was 2,617,600 respondents in fruit markets in Rivers State. A sample size of 1,024 fruit consumers was drawn suing multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using a validated self-structured questionnaire titled "Knowledge of Artificial Fruit Ripening (KAFR)”. Guttman Split-Half Coefficient of 0.881 was obtained using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in conjunction with Spearman Brown correction statistics. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square, z-test, and One way Analysis of Variance. It was found that consumers had moderate knowledge of artificial fruit ripening in Rivers State. Also, male consumers, those within 31-40 years and those with tertiary education had higher knowledge of artificial fruit ripening. More so, the study revealed significant difference in knowledge among consumers in Rivers State based on gender, age and level of education. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that; community health workers in Rivers State should organize regular heath education campaigns concerning the dangers of using chemicals for fruit ripening among consumers in Rivers State.
Determinants of ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lopes da Rocha Karine , Silvério Raquel Nascimento Chanca , Fortins Roberta Ferreira , Santos Mayara Silva dos , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , da Costa Veronica Medeiros , Luescher Jorge Luiz , de Carvalho Padilha Patricia
Published: August 2021

Objectives

To analyze the determinants of UPP consumption among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Cross-sectional study at a reference hospital for the treatment of diabetes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The sociodemographic, anthropometric, dietary, and clinical factors associated with the percentage of total energy intake (TEI) consumed in the form of UPP were investigated. Food consumption was assessed by 24 h recall and the foods were classified according to the degree of processing as described in the NOVA classification, after which the TEI of each food group was calculated. Multiple linear regression was adopted in the analysis, and associations with p<0.05 were considered significant.

Results

The study included 120 children and adolescents with a mean age of 11.74 ± 2.88 years, 53.3% female. Body mass index z-score was 0.65 (± 0.89) and 31.7% (n=38) were overweight. The average total energy consumption was 1,756.38 kcal (± 518.38). The mean percentage of TEI from UPP was 24.2% ± 17.9, meaning that 425.59 kcal (± 380.15) of all calories ingested came from such foods. The independent variables associated with the percentage of ultra-processed foods (UPP) in TEI were: per capita household income up to one the minimum wage (β: −22.03; CI 95% −35.24 to −8.82); and parents/guardians schooling of the up to nine years in formal education (β: 19.86; CI 95% 8.27–31.45).

Conclusions

Lower household income and fewer years in formal education seem to determine a preference for UPP over fresh and minimally processed foods.
Urban Regeneration as a Specific Type of Public Policy Response to Urban Decline. The Case of Poland
Authors: Idczak Piotr , Musiałkowska Ida
Published: August 2021

The paper examines the issue of whether the process of policy formulation and implementation on urban regeneration in Poland is done pursuant to the rules of a cycle of public policy-making. This is carried out through the use of the functioning cycle of public policy in Poland proposed by Zybała (2015) that stresses the specificities of Polish conditions in the public policy-making. Hence, the aim of the study is to provide an overview of public policy-making on urban regeneration in the context of legislative and institutional-administrative practices. In the light of increasingly complex challenges faced by cities, there is a need for the necessary counter-balancing regeneration measures taking a form of state sponsored public policy. Therefore, the Act on Regeneration was adopted in 2015. The paper concludes that the adoption of this Act was dominated by the legislator which, with relatively little contribution from other stakeholders, resulted in a rather unambitious set of legal provisions on regeneration that have not substantially changed the instrumental approach of local authorities to urban regeneration.
Global Governance V/S COVID-19: A Human Security Approach
Authors: Akl Alain
Published: August 2021

After the Cold War, global governance emerged as an umbrella to address transnational challenges. But this concept is still somewhat ambiguous, and so is the contemporary world order, where a significant power shift has occurred from the nation-State to the “new actors.” On the other hand, it is now over a year since a global threat emerged, affecting millions of people. The COVID-19 challenge revealed several flaws in the contemporary world order, the United Nations system, and the international organizations’ role. It is therefore imperative that we ask ourselves about the nation-State’s ability to face the COVID-19 challenge on its own, as an introduction to raise the topic of facing the future transnational challenges. In this setting, the objective of this study is to shed the light on the aforementioned flaws, the contemporary challenges, and the way we tackle new threats as human beings. This study was conducted using a qualitative methodological approach based on analysis of secondary data. Following deductive reasoning, it highlights the importance of global governance in facing contemporary challenges in general before addressing the COVID-19 issue in particular. Study findings show that states, international organizations, and unofficial actors need to update the traditional approach to transnational challenges towards global governance. In this context, international conferences are a necessary tool to tackle new challenges related to human security.
TÖRÖKORSZÁG SZÍRIA-STRATÉGIÁJA 2011 ÉS 2015 KÖZÖTT
Authors: Zoltán Lechner , Sára Gibárti
Published: August 2021

A tanulmány arra tesz kísérletet, hogy részletesen áttekintse Törökország Szíria-stratégiájának evolúcióját a 2011 és 2015 közötti időszakban. Az „arab tavasz” általános vonatkozásainak ismertetését követően a dolgozat második fejezete a török politikai kommunikáció elemzésén keresztül mutatja be azt, hogy Ankara miként jutott el a „kivárástól” a „proxyháborúig”. A harmadik rész arra kérdésre keresi a választ, hogy miként kapcsolódott össze, illetve hatott egymásra az észak-szíriai autonóm kurd régió területi expanziója, a Törökországon belüli török-kurd viszonyrendszer alakulása, valamint a 2015 júniusi törökországi parlamenti választás. A negyedik fejezet a szíriai háború által kiváltott menekültválság Törökországra gyakorolt hatásait vizsgálja humanitárius szempontból. A szerzők végkövetkeztetése szerint Ankara túlzott ambícióktól és téves feltételezésektől vezérelve 2012-re olyan mértékben involválódott a konfliktusban, hogy abból többé nem volt lehetősége kihátrálni; az egyre súlyosabb geopolitikai, gazdasági és szociális kihívások pedig a szíriai rezsim megdöntésére irányuló török külpolitika kudarcához vezetettek.
Material-dependent ultrasonic heating behavior during the reshaping of dry paper webs
Authors: Hofmann André , Löwe Albrecht , Hauptmann Marek
Published: August 2021

The use of ultrasonic tools during the reshaping of dry paper webs results in a temperature increase. This work aimed to determine the influence of the material and the ultrasonic process parameters of amplitude, ultrasonic duration, and static process pressure on the heating behavior of paperboard during ultrasonic-assisted reshaping. The results showed that the initial process pressure, the ultrasonic amplitude, and the compression resistance of the material noticeably influenced the heating rate. Materials with low compression resistance tended to reach higher initial heating rates during ultrasonic treatment. In addition, coating the paperboard led to an even temperature distribution in the paperboard during the ultrasonic process.
Modeling kinetics of the water extraction of protein from Caragana korshinskii Kom.
Authors: Xie Yan-Yan , Shu Yue-Li , Li Dong-Liang , Li Bo , Sun Zhuo , Zou Yang , Qiao Chang-Sheng , Jia Shi-Ru , Li Zi-Xuan , Zhong Cheng
Published: August 2021

A two-step extraction method was used to extract proteins from Caragana korshinskii Kom., including a NaOH solution extraction followed by a water extraction. A power-law model, three-site kinetic extraction model, and second-order model were utilized to investigate the mechanism of the water extraction process and the key factors affecting the protein yield. The experimental data fitted well with the three-site kinetic model, indicating that the water extraction process included washing and faster and slower stages. In addition, the slower stage was the rate-limiting step. For the water extraction process, the protein yield was increased by decreasing the particle size, increasing the NaOH concentration, or raising the extraction temperature, among which the extraction temperature was the critical factor for controlling the protein yield.
RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS AND THEIR UTILIZATION BY MICROORGANISMS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine, Golub N.B.
Published: August 2021

With the development of antibiotics application, their spread in the natural environment increases dramatically. The presence of antibiotics in the environment changes microorganism and other living beings ratio and composition, which causes a negative impact on biochemical processes that take place in the environment. The spread of antibiotic resistance genes in environmental microorganisms is a growing problem of environmental safety and human health. Aim. The objective of the work was to analyze the adaptation mechanisms of microorganisms to the influence of antibiotics and methods for antibiotics utilization. Results. The mechanisms of microorganisms’ adaptation to antibiotics are shown. The conditions for utilization of different antibiotics classes by microorganisms are provided. Conclusions. Methods of antibiotics destruction depend on its structure and physicochemical properties. Physico-chemical methods are used for local waste purification and are not suitable for antibiotics disposal in the natural environment. The decomposition products can also have a negative effect on the microorganisms’ cells. Depending on the class of antibiotics, their biodegradation occurs by different types of microorganisms. It has been shown that sulfonamides and amphinecoles are easily destroyed by many heterotrophic bacteria; biodegradation of aminoglycosides occurs by a strain of Pseudomonas spp.; tetracyclines - mushrooms; β-lactams - through the microorganisms’ association including: Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, Enterobacteriales, Actinomycetales, Rhizobiales, Sphingobacteriales. A consortium of destructors must be created to dispose of a specific classes of antibiotics.
L-ARGININE AND L-GLUTAMIC ACID INCREASE THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN C IN THE EARLY STAGES OF ISOLATION FROM DONOR PLASMA
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Patalakh I. I.
Published: August 2021

Current large-scale production of blood-derived pharmacological preparations is aimed at expanding the list of products and deeper extraction of target proteins especially at the pre-purification stage. In particular, this problem becomes critical for the isolation of proteins like protein C (PC), which is present in plasma in trace amounts. Aim. We aimed to improve the buffer composition to minimize the interaction of PC with other proteins and lipids that are inevitably present in the stock material. Methods. The content of protein C in plasma and its derivatives was assessed by the amidolytic activity to the chromogenic substrate S2366. A decrease in homologous impurities and plasma enrichment with protein C was provided by selective bulk adsorption on DEAE-cellulose. Results. Here we describe that an equimolar mixture of two amino acids (L-arginine and L-glutamic acid) essentially increased the content of protein C at the stage of cryo-depleted plasma pre-purification, including initial dilution and subsequent enrichment of plasma with protein C due to selective bulk adsorption on DEAE- cellulose. Additionally, it was revealed that solutions of these amino acids, when combined, inhibit the induced amidolytic activity of protein C and increase its solubility (in contrast to other plasma proteases). Conclusion. Pre-adding of a mixture of amino acids L-arginine and L-glutamic acid to cryo-depleted plasma significantly optimizes the pre-purification stage of protein C, providing a 5-fold increase in its yield after elution from DEAE-cellulose.
REGENERATION CAPACITY OF NARROW-LOCALIZED ENDEMIC SPECIES Dianthus hypanicus Andrz. in vitro
Authors:   Sofiyivka National Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uman, Koldar L.A.
Published: August 2021

Development of effective technology of rare and endangered plant species mass reproduction in vitro is one of the urgent nowadays tasks. Diantus hypanicus Andrz. of the Caryophyllaceae Juss. family belongs to this group of plants. It is an endemic, narrow-localized species listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, the European Red List and the Annex to the Berne Convention. Prospects for the conservation of this species are associated with the study of its viability and require the development of effective reproduction methods. Aim. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of different growth regulators concentrations on the D. hypanicus explants regenerative capacity during in vitro propagation. Methods. For the experiment the seed were used collected from plants of natural habitats and sown on a hormone-free nutrient medium according to the recipe of Murashige and Skoog. For 12–15 days, 4–6 cm long seedlings were obtained which were transferred to nutrient media modified with the content of growth-regulating substances: BAP 0.5–2.0 mg / l, IBA 0.01 mg / l and IAA 0.1 mg / l. Results. Initiation of adventitious buds with subsequent shoot formation was observed for 12–16 days. Each variant plants differed in number, growth activity and intensity, morphometric parameters. After 35–40 days from the explant introduction, conglomerates with well-developed leafy shoots were formed. It was found that, when modifying nutrient media with growth regulators BAP, IBA, IAA of different concentrations, D. hypanicus explants were actively undergoing regeneration processes of different intensity. Conclusions. It was proved that high ability to regenerate was the characteristic of explants cultured on a nutrient medium modified by the addition of BAP – 0.5 mg / l and IAA – 0.1 mg / l, where, on average, 18 ± 0.24 shoots of 2.42 ± 0.17 cm long were formed with a net reproduction of 19.06 ± 0.14. Shoots with 3.0–5.0 pairs of leaves that reached 3.5–6.0 cm were selected and transferred to nutrient media for rooting. Less developed shoots were planted on nutrient media for further reproduction. The next stage of the study is aimed at modifying nutrient media to achieve explants rhizogenesis and obtain a large number of plants necessary for the preservation of this endemic narrow-localized species in culture with subsequent repatriation to natural places of growth.
CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL AND CAKE FROM Spirogyra porticallis
Authors:   Department of Biology, Air Force Institute of Technology Kaduna Nigeriaж Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Gaiya D. D.
Published: August 2021

Aim. Search of healthy and edible alternative oils from algae. Such oil provides many health benefits mainly because of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) form of omega-3 fattyacids and some other micro nutrients in smaller amounts. Methods. Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract the oil with n-hexane as the solvent. The proximate composition was determined by AOAC methods, while the mineral contents were determined by AAS. FTIR and UV-Visible spectra of the oil were run using Agilent- FTIR Spectrometer and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer respectively. Results. The oil yield was very low (1.05%). The proximate composition reveals carbohydrate as the major nutrient in the residue (79.18%), others include lipid (8.03%), crude protein (5.00%), moisture (2.78%), crude fibre (3.01%) and ash (2.00%). The mineral composition reveals high amount of potassium (1602.5 mg/100g) and calcium (632.5 mg/100g) with low levels of phosphorous (14.9 mg/100g) and sodium (12.8 mg/100g). The FTIR spectrum of algae oil is similar to the normal vegetable oil. Stretching vibrations at 2922.2 cm-1 and 2855 cm-1 are attributed to methylene (-CH2--) and methyl (-CH3) groups while absorption bands at 1710 cm-1 and 1744 cm-1 showed carboxylic groups for algae oil and vegetable oil (control) which was attributed to C=O stretching vibrations (esters). The UV-Visible spectrum of algae oil showed two peaks at 408 nm and 660 nm for carotenoids and chlorophyll A respectively, which corroborate with previous studies. Conclusions. We conclude that the oil and cake characterized from Spirogyra porticallis has great potential for medicinal and nutritional usage.
IMPACT OF Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) EXTRACT-LOADED NANOPARTICLES ON THYROID PROFILE OF RATS
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi-834008, Jharkhand, India, Dandapat Sukumar
Published: August 2021

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Pleurotus tuber-regium extract loaded silver nanoparticles (SNPs) on thyroid profile of rats. Methods. Acute toxicity test was performed following up and down procedure and the analysis of thyroid profile was performed following chemiluminescence assay method. Results. Acute toxicity test showed no mortality and no behavioral changes in rats treated with 2000 mg kg-1 of SNPs. High dose (400 mg kg-1) of SNPs showed high hyper thyroid activity by increasing T3 = 38.20±4.06 ng dL-1; T4 = 4.40±0.32µg dL-1; and by decreasing TSH = 0.73±0.06µIU mL-1 compared to control group (T3 = 30.20±1.02 ng dL-1; T4 = 2.94±0.08µg dL-1; TSH = 0.87±0.01µIU mL-1) and animal group treated with 200 mg kg-1 dose of SNPs (T3 = 35.69±1.13 ng dL-1; T4 = 3.82±0.24µg dL-1; TSH = 0.80±0.02µIU mL-1). Conclusions. Pleurous tuber-regium extract loaded silver nanoparticles are non toxic and can be used in drug delivery as well as in the formulation of drugs used in hypothyroidism.
Die Capella Speciosa in Klosterneuburg 2. Teil: Vergleichende Studien zur Pfalzkapelle Herzog Leopolds VI. von Österreich
Authors: Schwarz Mario , Rostás Tibor
Published: August 2021

The Capella Speciosa has to be seen as an exportation of the type of Gothic architecture that characterised the architecture of the royal court in France at the time. As the work of French architects, the chapel occupies a unique position within the medieval architecture of Austria. The close similarities to the choir chapels of the cathedral at Reims and the details found in the cathedral at Auxerre enable a precise dating. If we trace the development of chapels in France, we see that there was a distinct intensification of architectural narratives at that time. The veneration of relics in private devotion went from being a mere testament to scholasticism to being a mystical experience. The Capella Speciosa thus has to be understood in the same way as the French Saintes-Chapelles. Its refined structures, like the walkway in which relics were displayed, the exquisite nature of the building materials and the quality of the architectural sculptures combined to facilitate a more spiritual form of veneration within an all-encompassing work of art. For Duke Leopold VI, the Capella Speciosa was not only a magnificent shrine in which to house his collection of relics but was also a place in which he experienced a mystical beatific vision. In the second part of this book, French works of architecture built near the royal court in Hungary are presented, in which High Gothic forms can be discerned from as early as around 1220. Is there a connection between these central European works of architecture? What historical circumstances led to them being built? What do we know about the people who commissioned the buildings and the master builders? What do the connections between the structural elements and the details reveal? And what does the mysterious figure of Villard de Honnecort and his momentous journey to Hungary have to do with all of this? Tibor Rostás explores the subject in nine chapters, taking a variety of approaches. The appendix to the book contains a summary of the results of research into red marble.