bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cartilage abnormalities and osteophytes in the fingers of elite sport climbers: An ultrasonography‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pastor Torsten , Fröhlich Stefan , Spörri Jörg , Schreiber Tonja , Schweizer Andreas
Published: June 2019

The impact of extensive loads on the cartilage of the proximal interphalangeal‐ (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the fingers in elite sport climbers are relatively unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the cartilage of the PIP and DIP joints as well as the existence of osteophytes, in fingers of elite sport climbers with a minimum of 15 years of climbing history. Thirty‐one elite male sport climbers and 20 male non‐climbers volunteered for the current cross‐sectional observation. By means of ultrasonography, the thickness of cartilage of the PIP and DIP joints in a sagittal and frontal plane of the digits II to V of both hands, as well as the existence of osteophytes on the dorsal aspect of the phalanges were assessed. The main results were: (1) cartilage thickness revealed to be significantly greater in climbers than non‐climbers,; (2) larger cartilage thickness differences were found at the DIP joints; (3) while climbers showed a substantial occurrence of osteophytes with highest relative frequencies at Dig III, in the group of non‐climbers no osteophytes were observed; (4) small to moderate correlations were found between the cartilage and osteophyte thickness of climbers at the PIP and DIP joints and Dig III. In conclusion, an accumulation of repetitive climbing‐related stress to the fingers of elite sport climbers over the career may induce degenerative changes at the PIP and DIP joints.
Intrinsic checkpoint deficiency during cell cycle re-entry from quiescence
Authors: Matson Jacob Peter , House Amy M. , Grant Gavin D. , Wu Huaitong , Perez Joanna , Cook Jeanette Gowen
Published: June 2019

To maintain tissue homeostasis, cells transition between cell cycle quiescence and proliferation. An essential G1 process is minichromosome maintenance complex (MCM) loading at DNA replication origins to prepare for S phase, known as origin licensing. A p53-dependent origin licensing checkpoint normally ensures sufficient MCM loading before S phase entry. We used quantitative flow cytometry and live cell imaging to compare MCM loading during the long first G1 upon cell cycle entry and the shorter G1 phases in the second and subsequent cycles. We discovered that despite the longer G1 phase, the first G1 after cell cycle re-entry is significantly underlicensed. Consequently, the first S phase cells are hypersensitive to replication stress. This underlicensing results from a combination of slow MCM loading with a severely compromised origin licensing checkpoint. The hypersensitivity to replication stress increases over repeated rounds of quiescence. Thus, underlicensing after cell cycle re-entry from quiescence distinguishes a higher-risk first cell cycle that likely promotes genome instability.
Projected near term changes in the East Asian summer monsoon and its uncertainty
Authors: Tian Fangxing , Dong Buwen , Robson Jon , Sutton Rowan , Tett Simon F B
Published: June 2019

Changes in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) during the mid-21st century relative to present day are simulated in two related models GOML1 and GOML2. Both models are the atmospheric components of two state-of-the-art climate models coupled to a multi-level mixed-layer ocean model, following the RCP 4.5 scenario. Both show that the EASM is enhanced due to the amplified land-sea thermal contrast. Summer precipitation over northern China is projected to increase by 5%–10% in both models mainly driven by enhancement of the monsoon circulation. Over south-eastern China the two models project different signs of precipitation change: a decrease in GOML1 with the maximum of about −1.0 mm d−1 and an increase in GOML2 with a maximum of around 1.0 mm d−1. Though the thermal effect of climate warming leads to a projected increase in precipitation over south-eastern China in both models, circulation changes are opposite and dominate the precipitation response. This indicates that uncertainty in changes in projected precipitation largely arises from uncertainly in projected circulation changes. The different circulation changes in the two models are likely related to differences in projected Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the Western tropical Pacific and North Pacific. In GOML1, the SST warming in the tropical Pacific is associated with an anomalous local Hadley circulation, characterized by anomalous ascent in the tropics and southern subtropics, and anomalous descent with less precipitation over south-eastern China. In GOML2, the large decrease in the meridional SST gradient between the South China Sea and Western North Pacific is associated with an anomalous local Hadley circulation with anomalous ascent at 20°N–30°N and anomalous descent at 5°N–15°N, leading to an anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly over the South China Sea and increased precipitation over south-eastern China.
Interacting implications of climate change, population dynamics, and urban heat mitigation for future exposure to heat extremes
Authors: Vahmani P , Jones Andrew D , Patricola Christina M
Published: June 2019

One near-term expression of climate change is increased occurrence and intensity of extreme heat events. The evolution of extreme heat risk in cities depends on the interactions of large-scale climate change with regional dynamics and urban micro-climates as well as the distribution and demographic characteristics of people who live and work within these micro-climate areas. Here we use California as a testbed where we employ a suite of high-resolution (1.5 km) future regional climate simulations coupled with a satellite-driven urban canopy model and a spatially explicit population projection to investigate the interacting effects of climate change, population growth, and urban heat mitigation measures, such as cool roofs, on exposure to extreme heat events. We find that climate change and population growth reinforce with one another to drive substantial increases in future exposure to heat extremes, which are poised to become more frequent, longer, and more intense. Exposure to events analogous to historic high-mortality extreme heat waves increases by 3.5–6 folds. Widespread implementation of cool roofs can offset a substantial fraction (51%–100%) of the increased heat exposure and associated building energy demand owing to climate change in urbanized regions.
Nonlinear increases in extreme temperatures paradoxically dampen increases in extreme humid-heat
Authors: Coffel Ethan D , Horton Radley M , Winter Jonathan M , Mankin Justin S
Published: June 2019

Nonlinear increases in warm season temperatures are projected for many regions, a phenomenon we show to be associated with relative surface drying. However, negative human health impacts are physiologically linked to combinations of high temperatures and high humidity. Since the amplified warming and drying are concurrent, the net effect on humid-heat, as measured by the wet bulb temperature (T
W), is uncertain. We demonstrate that globally, on the hottest days of the year, the positive effect of amplified warming on T
W is counterbalanced by a larger negative effect resulting from drying. As a result, the largest increases in T
W and T
x do not occur on the same days. Compared to a world with linear temperature change, the drying associated with nonlinear warming dampens mid-latitude T
W increases by up to 0.5 °C, and also dampens the rise in frequency of dangerous humid-heat (T
W > 27 °C) by up to 5 d per year in parts of North America and Europe. Our results highlight the opposing interactions among temperature and humidity changes and their effects on T
W, and point to the importance of constraining uncertainty in hydrological and warm season humidity changes to best position the management of future humid-heat risks.
3-D designing of an organic waste crusher
Authors: Andrianto M , Fahriansyah
Published: June 2019

Organic waste can be used for something of value, such as compost, feed pellet, biomass pellet, and briquette. Before becoming such things, it takes a tool to make it smoother, called a crusher. The objective of this work is to do mechanical design and 3-D modeling on organic waste crusher. The steps for designing the organic waste crusher involve determining a conceptual physical geometry, conducting mechanical design, and finally, developing a 3-D working drawing. Manufacturing and testing of the crusher were conducted. 3-D modelling design was used for visualizing space requirements, improves drawing efficiency and accuracy. Mechanical design was applied for hopper, frame and blade. 3-D modeling process was used to draft the working drawing of an organic waste crusher. 3-D designing is very useful for providing accuracy. Mechanical design of designed crusher was determined. The working drawings of designed crusher are also presented. The leaf crushed with the designed crusher was ready for composting.
Removal of Hg, Fe and Cr from Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis waste by hydroxide precipitation method
Authors: Djaenudin  , Wiyani L R
Published: June 2019

Wastewater from Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis is one of laboratory liquid wastes that is dangerous and potentially polluting the environment due to it contains dissolved heavy toxic metals such as silver (Ag), mercury (Hg), iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr). One of the treatment methods for removing heavy metals on a laboratory scale is precipitation method. The purpose of this research was to determine the most optimum condition for Hg, Fe and Cr removal. Hydroxide precipitation method was used with NaOH as the precipitant. The varied parameter was pH (3,7,9 and 11). Based on the results, the most optimum efficiency of metal Hg, Fe and Cr removal was observed at pH 11, reaching 99% removal efficiency for all metals.
Re-development of a city-scale waste bank assessment index: Case studies Bandung and Cimahi Cities
Authors: Pranaditya M , Juwana I
Published: June 2019

The waste bank is one application of waste management by utilizing waste that can be reused, which in the end can be used to reduce the waste dumped into landfills. In order to reduce the significant amount of waste dumped into landfills, there should be at least one waste bank operates at a city-scale. Thus, a tool to assess the readiness of a waste bank to function at a city-scale is needed. In the past, studies on the development of index were undertaken simply based on a desk-study method. This study aimed to refine the previous index. This was done by first reviewing the previous indicator through a literature review, which was then verified by the application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the weights for each indicator. The respondents for AHP applications were selected from four categories namely professional experts, academics, institutions and management representatives of the waste bank. At the end of the study, three components, thirteen indicators and sixty-one sub-indicators were identified. The name of the components and their respective weights were Management System (55%), Operating System (25%) and Waste Bank Facility (20%). Each component had 4-5 indicators and 2-8 sub-indicators. In the near future, the index developed from this study will be used to assess the readiness of Resik Bandung and Cimahi City Waste Bank to be developed as city-scale waste banks.
The performance of the modified pump motor as a generator on the Pump as Turbine (PAT) power plant
Authors: Zariatin D L , Fitria S N , Dewanto Y , Ismail  , Rahmalina D
Published: June 2019

There are many types of the hydropower plant. Pump as Turbine (PAT) is one of the simple, practical and low-cost hydropower plants. In PAT technology, a commercial pump available in the market can be modified to become a PAT power plant. This paper is a technical note that describes the guideline to modify the induction pump motor into a generator and analyze the performance of the generator. There are two aspects that must be considered in modifying the motor, namely the motor construction and the output power. In modifying the motor pump, the magnet must be inserted in the rotor. Meanwhile, the wire diameter and the number of winding in the stator are modified to increase the voltage working range. The experimental tests were performed with a laboratory scale PAT power plant to identify the generator performance. The analysis showed that a modified pump motor generated 32.5 VAC and 0.33 Ampere of electrical power (10.725 Watt), only with 2.5 m of water head. The electrical power generated could be improved with a higher water head.
Simultaneous determination of deltamethrin and 4 other pyrethroids residues in infusion tea: Preliminary study
Authors: Pitoi M M , Ariyani M , Rosmalina R T , Koesmawati T A
Published: June 2019

Deltamethrin and other pyrethroids, which were thought to be relatively safe pesticides, recently are gaining concerns due to their toxicity. Residues of deltamethrin and other pyrethroids incur in tea-related products, such as tea-based functional beverage, due to the pesticide application at tea plantations, thus their concentrations need to be monitored. This preliminary study was aimed to develop a method for simultaneous analysis of deltamethrin and 4 other pyrethroids in infusion tea implementing low volume liquid-liquid extraction to extract the target compounds, followed by quantification by gas chromatography coupled with micro electron capture detector (GC-μECD). The GC-μECD was firstly optimized for the quantification of deltamethrin and 4 other pyrethroids. The optimization of the instrument was able to detect the pyrethroids at 0.1 μg/L with good repeatability showed by %RSD of 1.97­10.21%, which was very much lower compared to the AOAC guideline at 1 ppb level (30%). Simultaneous analysis of mix standard solutions at concentration ranges of 1 to 10 μg/L showed very good linearity (r>0.997). In addition, the low volume liquid-liquid extraction using n-hexane was able to detect the target pyrethroids from the spike experiment of infusion tea samples as low as 0.67 μg/L.
Determination of carbamate insecticide in soil by SPE reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)
Authors: Rosmalina R T , Persulessy A E
Published: June 2019

Carbamate pesticides usages in agriculture are increasing significantly compared with other organohalogen pesticides, due to carbamate compounds have been considered to be stable compounds in the environment in term of their application for preventing leaves and fruits from plant disease. A rapid multiresidue method had been developed for detecting carbofuran and carbaryl, types of carbamate insecticide, in agriculture soil. This method was based on shaking extraction followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) of soil samples. Residue content of this carbamate insecticide was analyzed by using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Carbofuran and carbaryl were separated by using a C-18 column and acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase. In this study, soil samples were taken from three locations (Pangalengan, Lembang and Cisarua) for detecting the content of carbamate insecticide. Precision test of Pengalengan soil sample in wet season for carbofuran and carbaryl were obtained at 5.42% and 6.75%, respectively. Recovery testing was carried out by using the fortification technique in which respectively 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg content of carbofuran and carbaryl were spiked into the samples. The average recovery was in the range of 80.53 to 82.06 % and the standard deviation was between 3.78 and 4.51% for carbofuran and carbaryl, respectively. The calibration curve provided linear results in the concentration range of 0.05 to 10 μg/mL and 0.025 to 11.2 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999 and 0.9999 for carbofuran and carbaryl, respectively. On average, carbofuran and carbaryl in the soil were detected at 0.3350 and 0.2958 μg/g, respectively, for both samples from Pangalengan and Lembang during dry season while neither of these compounds was detected in Cisarua and Pangalengan during the wet season. This shows that carbamate insecticides had been washed out form soil by rainwater during the wet season or through degradation pathways in the environment.
Total mercury of marine fishes in Natuna Islands area, Indonesia: Risk assessment for human consumption
Authors: Suratno  , Puspitasari R , Rositasari R , Oktaviyani S
Published: June 2019

Bioaccumulation of mercury (Hg) in marine has been a widespread health concern. It is important to asses Hg concentration in fish and evaluates the health risks in the Natuna, a region with high fish consumption in Indonesia. Research carried out in 2018 in the Natuna Islands aimed to provide information about the mercury content in fish consumption and the approach steps to minimize the risk of bioaccumulation. The assessment was carried out on 77 commercial fish samples in the Natuna area, Indonesia. The results showed that the concentration of total Hg in Lutjanus sebae, Epinephelus aerolatus and Gymnocranius frenatus exceeded the permissible limit (0.5 mg/kg for fish and fishery products) according to BPOM/SNI/JECFA. The sources of mercury contamination are not elaborated detail in this study, but a number of natural processes including vegetation surfaces, water bodies, wild fires, may be the main factor. It is a fact that mercury contamination still provides a risk for human health because of bioaccumulation. So, it is recommended to introduce Mean Weekly Intake (MWI) limit, which is a simple tool for guidance on fish consumption based on body weight and age. MWI will guide how many fishes can be consumed for an adult with 60 kg and a child with 10 kg body weight in relation to Hg concentration in the consumed fish.
A study on ecolabeling and Life Cycle Assessment for food products in Indonesia: Potential application to improve the competitiveness of the tea industry
Authors: Setiawan A A R , Sulaswatty A , Haq M S , Utomo T H A , Randy A , Arutanti O , Agustian E , Wiloso E I , Haryono A
Published: June 2019

The increasing customer awareness and supporting regulation on environmentally-friendly products around the globe has fostered the need for revealing environmental performance information on their label, using an instrument called ecolabel. Ecolabeling system requires a life cycle consideration for the product, and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) serves as a method to perform the assessment for the entire product’s life cycle. In the field of food industry, specifically the tea industry, a 2014 report by International Institute for Sustainable Development showed a growing influence of ecolabel in the global market. Ecolabel and LCA become important tools for improving product competitiveness. Meanwhile, tea as one of Indonesia’s main commodity has faced a challenging competition in the international market as indicated by decreasing export—despite increasing global demand—in recent year. This study reviews the ecolabeling system in Indonesia and LCA for food products. Furthermore, this study also investigates the potential application of ecolabel and LCA to improve the competitiveness of the tea industry. According to the study, the implementation of ecolabeling for tea still faces some challenging issues due to the supporting certification scheme and customer perspective. On the contrary, research on LCA for food products provides a promising application to improve tea product competitiveness. Therefore, this study recommended that, while educating people more toward ecolabeling, research on LCA should be continuously conducted to support the implementation of ecolabel in the long term.
Pollution load of Cisangkan River: The domestic sector
Authors: Hikmat R R , Juwana I
Published: June 2019

Cisangkan Sub-watershed is one of the watersheds located in Cimahi City and is part of the Citarum Watershed. In 2018, the water quality of Cisangkan Sub-watershed was in severe condition. The domestic sector is one of the sectors which has the potential to contribute to the pollution of the river. These conditions explain that a study is needed to calculate the pollution load from the domestic sector in Cisangkan Sub-watershed. The purpose of this research was to study the pollution load from the domestic sector of Cisangkan Sub-watershed based on its existing population condition and projection for the next 5 years. The pollution load calculations used domestic waste emission factor, city equivalent ratio, and load transfer coefficient. The results show that the pollution load of the Cisangkan Sub-watershed in existing conditions are 5967.92 kg/day BOD; 8205.89 kg/day COD; 5669.52 kg/day TSS; 290.94 kg/day Total-N; and 31.33 kg/day Total-P and as for the projected conditions are 6149.94 kg/day BOD; 8456.17 kg/day COD; 5842.45 kg/day TSS; 299.81 kg/day Total-N; and 32.29 kg/day Total-P.
Assessment of seasonal trophic state of tropical man-made lake, The Cirata Reservoir
Authors: Ariyani M , Agustian M , Maharani G S , Sunardi
Published: June 2019

Evaluation of 4-year data set (2013-2016) to define the trophic state of Cirata Reservoir among the seasons and its impact on the reservoir sustainability has been performed. Cirata is one of the cascade reservoirs located on the Citarum River, with the main purpose for electricity generation through a hydropower plant. Data were obtained from eleven sampling stations of monitoring programs in the Cirata Reservoir. The technique for water sample collection and analysis referred to SNI (Indonesian National Standard) 03-7016-2004 and standard method focussing on phosphate, Chlorophyll-a and transparency. This study indicated that the trophic condition of Cirata Reservoir, as a tropical man-made, was unique and dynamic compared to lakes in the temperate season. The results showed that the reservoir water in the last four years was already eutrophic whether in rainy, intermediate or dry seasons with Trophic State Index were 60.42; 59.00 and 57.32 respectively. This study showed that the inlet and centre area of the reservoir had a higher trophic index than the outlet area. This phenomenon indicated that the main sources of eutrophication in Cirata Reservoir came from both the catchment area of the reservoir (i.e. upper Citarum) and on-site the reservoir. Phosphate has been established as the nutrient that commonly limits the productivity in Cirata reservoir. Thereby, phosphate control is critical for the eutrophication mitigation in Cirata. To cope with this condition, strategies must be applied whether to control the phosphate utilization in the catchment or inside the reservoir area.
SERS hotspots growth by mild annealing on Au film over nanospheres, a natural lithography approach
Authors: Purwidyantri A , Hsu C-H , Prabowo B A , Yang C-M , Lai C-S
Published: June 2019

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection is a remarkably powerful optical sensing platform employing electromagnetic field amplification in hotspots area produced by nanoparticles. In this study, natural lithography was performed where a 5 nm Au was evaporated on an ITO substrate covered by periodic polystyrene (PS) nanospheres (d = 100 nm), called as Au Film over Nanospheres (AuFoN). The substrates went through a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 150°C. This temperature was preferred to maintain PS nanospheres from total structural damage while variance in RTA duration at 1, 3 and 5 minutes were applied to investigate the SERS output signal on the treated surfaces. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization shows the morphological changes of the substrate along with longer RTA duration. Up to 5 minutes of RTA, the periodic trace of PS nanospheres is well-preserved. Based on the atomic force microscope (AFM) screening, the longer RTA process produced higher surface roughness and generated more SERS hotspots. The maximum enhancement factor of SERS signal was obtained by 5 minutes RTA treatment given by the value of 3.16 x 103. The strong electromagnetic field was shown to be around the spherical line of the nanospheres according to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method (FDTD) computation.
Study on Synthesis Stiffness of Inner Supported Deep Excavation in Soft Soil Area
Authors: Hu Zhifeng , Chen Jian , Hu Xiwei
Published: June 2019

The horizontal displacement of retaining structure is particularly associated with synthesis stiffness of support system. The synthesis stiffness of support system is highly interrelated with three parts including the retaining wall, the inner brace and the soil at bottom of excavation. In order to estimate the lateral movement of retaining wall, a synthesis stiffness formula is been proposed. The proposed model concludes a variety of factors, such as horizontal flexural rigidity of retaining wall, compressional stiffness of inner brace, average vertical support spacing, average horizontal support spacing, depth of wall penetration and stiffness of the soil below final excavation depth. Comparing with the Clough synthesis stiffness, more factors is been considered. Comparing with the MVSS synthesis stiffness, the factor of soil below final excavation is been defined exactly. After that, finite element method is employed to calculate the maximal lateral displacement of the retaining wall. And a good relationship is established between maximal horizontal displacement and synthesis stiffness formula. Finally, the calculations are used to compare with the observed data from several deep excavations, the result validates the applicability of proposed model. The research provides a new method for describing the comprehensive stiffness of support system of foundation pit. It is convenient to estimate the maximum horizontal displacement of the retaining structure at the design stage and to select the support system quickly.
Effect of Different Electrode Numbers on the Image Quality of Concrete Damage in Electrical Resistance Tomography
Authors: Sun Shidong , Qin Lei , Ren Hongwei
Published: June 2019

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) method [1] is proposed to visually investigated of the defect in concrete. It is an imaging modality in which the electrical permittivity distribution within an object is reconstructed based on measured resistance between electrodes attached on the object’s surface. It is assumed that the spatial resolution of the reconstructed images with an electrical resistance tomography system can be consummated by electrodes. In this paper, specimens with one precast defect are made with 0.5 water-cement (w/c) ratio and detected using the embedded electrodes. The results show that different electrode numbers is the significant factor influencing the image quality of concrete damage in electrical resistance tomography. For the multi-defect detecting, the influence of electrical soft field effect cannot be neglected. In addition, the experimental results also show that ERT technology has the potential of concrete defect detection and on-site monitoring.
Experimental Research on Precursory Characteristics of Macroscopic Deformation of Coal and Rock Failure
Authors: Xu J. K. , Xi D. Y. , Zhou R.
Published: June 2019

The research on precursory characteristics of coal and rock failure is of great significance for monitoring and early warning of disaster of surrounding rock. In this paper, the macroscopic deformation process of coal and rock under uniaxial compression is tested, and the evolution rule of the quantity, velocity and acceleration of their deformation is studied. The relationship between specimen surface damage and macroscopic deformation is investigated by image processing and analysis method. The research indicates that the macroscopic deformation indexes of coal and rock failure zones have significant changes before cracking, showing regular dynamic deformation characteristics, which could be precursory information of coal and rock failure.
Elastic Buckling Behavior of Thin Plate with Circle Holes under Axial Compression
Authors: Yao Xingyou , Li Xiao , Guo Yanli
Published: June 2019

The stability of members will be affected because the stress concentration resulted from the holes in thin plates. Elastic buckling performance of the perforated circle plate under axial compression is analyzed using a general finite element software ABAQUS in this paper. Results show that the buckling stability coefficient of plate is significantly low when the hole locates at the short side of the plates. The buckling stability coefficient of plate will decrease with the increase of the dimension of holes when the hole size is less than a certain value. The buckling mode of plates will change because of the dimension of holes. Finally recommended calculate formula of buckling stability factor k of perforated circle plate under axial compression is presented based on parameter analyse.
Rock Burst Classification Prediction Method Based on Weight Inverse Analysis Cloud Model
Authors: Yu Junchao , Liu Shangge , Gao Ling
Published: June 2019

A cloud model comprehensive evaluation method based on weight inverse analysis is proposed and applied to the prediction of rock burst grade. At first, the objective function with weight as independent variable is derived and established. The objective weight of each evaluation factor is obtained by genetic algorithm. Then the concrete steps of the coupling of weight inverse analysis and cloud model are given. After that, σθ/σc σc/σt
and Wet are selected as the evaluation factors. σθ/σc
is the ratio of the maximum tangential stress in the cavern to the compressive strength of rock. σc/σt
is the ratio of tensile strength to the compressive strength of rock. Wet is the elastic energy index. According to the rock burst engineering example, the inverse analysis and calculation of the factor weights are carried out. Finally, this method is applied to the rock burst grade prediction of Jiangbian Hydropower Station and Maluping Mine. Compared with the cloud model prediction results of other weighting methods, its feasibility and effectiveness has been verified. The research shows that the cloud model for rock burst based on weighted inverse analysis is less subjective in the weighting process and the prediction effect is better.
Fatigue Damage of RC Beams Subjected to Low Level of Fatigue Loading
Authors: Wang Shuai , Wu Jieqiong , Ye Yinghua
Published: June 2019

The fatigue damage of reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimens subjected to low load level with the upper limit of 0.3Pu, 0.4Pu or 0.5Pu and the lower limit of 0.06Pu were experimentally studied, where Pu was the static ultimate strength of the RC beams. Based on the testing results of concrete strain and mid-span deflection, the effects of load level and fatigue cycle on the accumulation of fatigue damage were discussed. Results show that, the concrete strain, mid-span deflection and residual deflection would undergo a rapid increase followed by a stable change and they all increase as the upper limit or fatigue cycle increased, which indicated that the fatigue damage accumulated as the upper limit or fatigue cycle increased. The steady develop range of concrete strain and deflection became narrow as the upper limit of fatigue load increased to 0.5Pu. Besides, the residual deformation of RC beam specimens showed the boundary of fatigue cycles for steady development was 0.1 million for all load levels of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5.
Instability Criterion for Surrounding Rock of Water-Rich Roadway in Sandy-Gravel Stratum Based on Catastrophe Theory
Authors: Yuan Yue , Fu Jinlei , Qin Jian , Wang Xiaokang , Wang Bensheng
Published: June 2019

In order to solve the problem of instability discrimination for water-rich roadway in sandy-gravel stratum, taking the displacement function and damaged area function as potential functions of the roadway surrounding rock system based on catastrophe theory, the instability criterions of the roadway in sandy-gravel stratum under seepage were established, i.e. the criterion for extremal modulus of displacement and criterion for the damaged area. Then the specific process for stability discrimination was further proposed. A PFC2D numerical model for a shaft bottom roadway in a large coal mine in Xinjiang was established. The calculation results show that as seepage pressure increases, modulus of displacement and damaged area in surrounding rock present irregular fluctuations and similar change rule. In the latter stage of the increase of seepage pressure, the deformation and damage of the roadway all have experienced a sharp sudden raise. And the conclusion of instability discrimination obtained from the calculation results of catastrophic eigenvalues for modulus of displacement and damaged area are consistent with damage evolution and instability process of the surrounding rock, which verifies the feasibility and applicability of the instability criterions.
Structural Design of the Waterway Regulation Project of Dongbei Waterway in the Lower Reaches of Yangtze River
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Wang Ning , Lei Xueting
Published: June 2019

In view of the navigation problem of Dongbei Waterway in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the evolution of riverbed and the characteristics of the obstacles are analyzed. The engineering layout scheme is determined by various methods such as model test. In the design of engineering structure, the geological conditions of the project area are analyzed through geological exploration. The applicable engineering structure form is determining, the advanced and mature bank protection and beach protection structure is adopted in the regulation of the Yangtze River channel, and the optimized structural design is adopted to strengthen the stability of project and deal with problems such as geology and strong erosion. The environmental design material and the green structure type are adopted in the structural design to meet the ecological benefits of the project, which can provide reference for the engineering design of similar channel improvement project.
Study of Mountainous Long Span Prestressed Concrete Box-Girder Bridge Cantilever Construction Safety Monitoring System Based on Multi-Agent System
Authors: Wang Qin , Liu Qiuxin
Published: June 2019

Mountainous long span prestressed concrete box-girder bridge cantilever construction has too many risk factors, and it is difficult to control the construction safety. To ensure the construction safety of Xi-jun bridge, a mountainous long span prestressed concrete box-girder bridge cantilever construction safety monitoring system based on Multi-Agent System is built in this paper. To make full use of cooperativity and interaction of Agent, there are six kinds of Agent in MAS construction safety monitoring system model framework. The monitoring system is built based on. NET Framework. The communication mechanisms of Agent are built based on WinSocket. Then the automatic updating of finite element analysis model is achieved, and the analysis and forecast of box-girder bridge cantilever construction safety state can be done in the system. The safe sate of Xi-jun bridge construction is always be in controlled by use of the system.
Study on Elastic-Plastic Performance Analysis of a Prefabricated Low Multi-Story Villa
Authors: Xie Jun , Jiang Difei , Bao Zhentai
Published: June 2019

Calculate the joint connection spring rigidity of prefabricated low multi-story villa according to relevant specification and take modeling analysis by using SAP2000 finite element analysis software. Respectively analyze elastic-plastic time-history under moderate earthquakes and major earthquakes, take checking calculation of structural safety and obtain the conclusion and support the project to complete smoothly so as to provide design basis for this kind of multi-story prefabricatedvilla.
Impact Localization of Thin Plate Structures Using Pzt-Array Based Passive Wave Method
Authors: Yan S. , Li B.W.
Published: June 2019

Impact of foreign objects is one of the main reasons for the damage of thin plate structures, resulting in property losses or unexpected accidents. Therefore, a rapid and effective impact localization of thin plate structures is of great value. In this paper, a localization method is proposed based on the passive wave method, aiming at locating the impact quickly and accurately. First, a square PZT array composed of 4 PZT sensors was designed, and a hyperbolic localization algorithm was derived according to time-different of arrival (TDoA) for different sensors in the array. Then, Matlab calculation software was used to perform DB wavelet decomposition on impact signals, the time delay was calculated by Lamb wave of A0 mode in D5 detail signals, and the velocity of A0 mode wave was determined by the dispersion curve for 1 mm thick aluminum plate. Finally, the impact point was located to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed localization method. Experimental results show that the hyperbolic positioning algorithm based on TDoA can accurately identify impact locations, and wavelet decomposition can effectively identify single mode Lamb waves. The proposed method has the characteristics of fastness and accuracy, which is suitable for single object impact localization on thin plate structures.
Study on Construction Method of High-Voltage Transmission Tower Beneath Shallow-Buried Tunnel
Authors: Xuan Junjie , Yan Songhong , Zhao Tianming
Published: June 2019

Wangqiao tunnel of Jiu-jing-qu railway is used as engineering example, based on risk analysis, aim at the construction scheme, comprehensive analysis and calculation has carried on combined monitoring and numerical analysis. Reliability demonstration has conducted on comprehensive construction scheme of” ground surface grunting consolidation & mechanical excavation & improving support measure & settlement monitoring”. Practice has proved that the deformation of the tunnel’s settlement of the arch and the high-voltage transmission tower were in allowable ranges, and good economic and technical results are obtained, the results can provide a reference for similar projects.
Study on Static Risk Assessment Model of Expressway Operation Companies
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Lv Lianghai , Xu Yabo
Published: June 2019

In order to achieve that the expressway operation companies may manage itself by different levels, and avoid accidents effectively, establishing a risk assessment model for static risk sources is necessary. First, according to the result of surveying, the risk source units of expressway operation enterprises was divided, and the risk sources of each unit were identified. The list of risk sources was established. At the same time, the types of accidents that may be caused by all risk sources were analyzed. Secondly, according to the principles of practical operability and effectiveness, and the relevant laws and regulations of the state on accident grading, criteria for evaluating the severity of accidents and consequences was set up. Finally, the risk matrix for risk level determination of the risk source of the expressway operation enterprise was set up.
Effectiveness Evaluation of quality Management System in Construction Engineering Testing Laboratory Based on Triangle Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Du Dandan , Song Xiaosheng
Published: June 2019

At present, there are few evaluations on the effectiveness of the quality management system of the construction engineering testing laboratory in our country. According to the quality management system of the quality management system, a two-stage evaluation structure model of the quality management system effectiveness is established according to the Evaluation criteria for the qualification of the Laboratory. A comprehensive evaluation of the quality management system of a building engineering testing laboratory in Tangshan City was carried out by using triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the evaluation results were obtained in accordance with the actual situation.
Design and Numerical Simulation of Displacement Sensor Based on Helix Antenna
Authors: Yi Zhuoran , Xue Songtao , Xie Liyu
Published: June 2019

This paper provides a new design of passive wireless displacement sensor. The sensor consists of an external helix antenna and an internal aluminum oxide rod. According to the perturbation theory, there is an approximate linear relationship between the displacement of aluminum oxide rod in the cavity and the resonant frequency of the helix antenna. Due to the structure of the sensor, it can be easily refitted into a maximum displacement sensor. In this paper, numerical analysis and parameter optimization are carried out through High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The final optimization results show that the sensor has good linearity and sensitivity within the determined range.
Analysis of Water Quality Data in Swimming Waters and Relations with Pollution Sources
Authors: Qian Hao
Published: June 2019

In summer, heavy rain will cause water pollution in swimming areas. This study tries to find whether there is potential relationship between peak pollution events and extreme rainfall event. These insights can be used to develop solution to prevent swimming prohibition which caused by peak pollution events.
The role of dopant segregation on the oxygen vacancy distribution and oxygen diffusion in CeO2 grain boundaries *
Authors: Symington Adam R , Molinari Marco , Statham Joel , Wu Ji , Parker Stephen C
Published: June 2019

An important challenge when attempting to identify the role of microstructure on the properties of doped energy materials is to distinguish the behaviour of each grain boundary. In this paper we describe our recent work using atomistic simulations to investigate the structure, composition and oxygen transport of gadolinium doped cerium dioxide tilt grain boundaries. We find that energy minimisation can be systematically employed to screen grain boundary structures and dopant segregation. When dopants are distributed equally across grains, molecular dynamics simulations reveal oxygen vacancies reside near dopants, resulting in higher oxygen diffusivity. Once the dopants accumulate at the grain boundaries these grain boundaries become saturated with oxygen vacancies. We see fast oxygen diffusion within the grain boundary plane, although the depletion layer, as shown via the electrostatic potential appears to block transport across the grain boundary. However, this is highly dependent on the grain boundary structure as we find striking differences of the electrostatic potential and the segregation behaviour between each of interface studied.
Multilingualism, Multiculturalism, and Migration: A Critical Assessment
Authors: Cisneros Josue David
Published: June 2019

This essay-review assesses what has been dubbed a hybrid or mobile turn in work on immigration, literature, and language. Analogous to a broader mobility turn in studies of migration, scholars in literature and linguistics emphasize the fluidity, hybridity, and mobility of migrants’ (multi-)lingual practices and literatures, aiming to challenge sedimented ideas about linguistic assimilation or nationalism and monolingualism. While finding merit in these works, this essay argues that celebrations of migrant multilingualism and linguistic hybridity also can work in tandem with the racialization, economic exploitation, and exclusion of migrants. This is because certain forms of migrant multilingualism become forms of human capital under neoliberalism, while other forms of linguistic diversity or fluidity are, at best, made illegible or, at worst, used to racialize otherwise ideal neoliberal migrant subjects. Tracing how arguments for linguistic fluidity and hybridity are folded into complex and stratified forms of neoliberal subjectivity, multiculturalism, and economic value, the essay illustrates the necessity of situating studies of immigrant language practices and language policy within broader political, economic and world-historical contexts such as global racial capitalism.
Transcendentalism Without Escape
Authors: Mastroianni Dominic
Published: June 2019

This essay-review asks what transcendentalism can contribute to our sense of the present moment and our capacity to imagine more just and livable futures. In doing so, it suggests an alternative to the view that transcendentalism embraces escapism and isolating individualism. I focus on Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, presuming that the present value of an idea of transcendentalism is to be discovered in their writings or nowhere. The two are centrally concerned with describing the conditions under which experience is acquired; their writing, then, evinces a wish to get closer to the world, not to escape it. What they do seek to transcend is not the world but our illusions about it, particularly those that feed egotism. The irony of calling Emerson in particular an escapist is that his writing makes escape so difficult to achieve. The process of reading Emerson—of finding a sentence suddenly captivating, just where it had been hopelessly dull—models and perhaps prompts a process of similar discovery about the mundane world. I conclude by linking transcendentalism to ideas of critical humility and naïveté suggested by Stanley Cavell, Toril Moi, Jane Bennett, and Theodor Adorno. Some form of naïveté, I speculate, might help us confront our inability to change in the midst of anthropogenic climate change and mass extinction.
Critique, Tweaked
Authors: Perrin Tom
Published: June 2019

Four recent monographs argue, in various ways, that the paradigm of critique is still a useful one for scholars to inhabit. Taken as a group, these authors broadly address the issues of how, and with what results, popular culture upholds hegemonic ideologies, and, by extension, whether the consumption of popular culture ought still to count as a guilty pleasure. Such questions are clearly related to the scholarly practice of studying popular culture by critiquing its ideological axioms. While these books all engage the problems with critique that have given rise to a contemporary postcritique movement, all ultimately conclude that key elements of critique remain useful as keystones of the study of literature and culture.
Nest illumination and the evolution of egg rejection in hosts of brood parasites
Authors: Medina Iliana , Langmore Naomi E
Published: June 2019

Hosts of avian brood parasites, such as cuckoos, are duped into taking care of a foreign chick and this has led to the evolution of host defenses, such as egg rejection. However, many host species are not egg rejecters and it has been suggested that poor illumination inside closed nests may constrain the evolution of this defense. In this study, we experimentally increased the light inside the dome nests of Yellow-Rumped Thornbills, the main host of the Shining Bronze-Cuckoo. Our results show that rejection events did not increase significantly when nests were brighter, although there is a possibility that rejection mistakes could decrease. Moreover, we found that natural light levels inside dome nests were highly variable, and in many cases as high as those in cup-nesting species with high rejection rates. This evidence suggests that rapid changes in nest illumination do not alter rejection behavior.