bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLYING THE SYSTEMATIC PRACTICE IN DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE CAMPUS
Authors: Kieu Thi Kinh , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Phan Chung Thuy
Published: April 2023

A university can be seen as a complex system with many different faculties, offices and target groups. Any university when moving from the traditional governance model to the sustainable campus model needs leveraged changes. Therefore, the application of systematic practice is very necessary to ensure shortening the sustainable campus model building process. This study provides an overview of the sustainable and methodical campus and then, it discusses the possibilities of applying a systematic approach to developing a sustainable campus.
APPLYING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TO THE YOUTH UNION’S WORK AT HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
Authors: Pham Thi Quynh Hoa , Do Ba Chin
Published: April 2023

Increasingly, work is becoming digital, mobile, and social. Digital transformation is one of the issues of special interest not only in education and training but also in other activities of Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE). The application of digital transformation to delegations is one of the solutions being focused on by the delegation of Hanoi National University of Education in particular and universities in general. In this work, a new proposal including a support system for member evaluation which we have built will be introduced (https:\\youth-union-support-system.learning2ne1.com\). The system serves as a platform for students to collaborate, assign tasks, and track responses and statistics. Responses of assigned tasks are strictly reviewed, checked, and stored as proof of duty. At the end of each school year, Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union (HCYU) members will be classified into members based on the level of completion of the assigned tasks. Our framework will change the membership evaluation process. The evaluation will be done entirely on the system without using handouts in the usual way.
Fetomaternal outcome of pregnancy with COVID-19: a prospective study in a COVID dedicated hospital
Authors: Nazma Begum  , Z. H. M. Nazmul Alam  , Saiqa Rehnuma  , Salma Akhter  , Dilip Kumar Bhowmik
Published: April 2023

Background: Given physiological changes in immunological, pulmonary, cardiac, and coagulation systems during pregnancy, pregnant women have long been recognized as susceptible demographic during infectious disease pandemics. Learning about pregnancy outcomes, possible issues, and neonatal health issues in babies delivered to COVID-19-infected mothers is crucial. Study aimed to analyze fetomaternal outcome of pregnancy with COVID-19.
Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study done on COVID dedicated to Sylhet Shahid Shamsuddin Ahmed Hospital, from January 2021 to January 2022. A total of 54 pregnant women admitted with confirmed COVID-19 were included in this study as per inclusion criteria.
Results: In this study, most patients were in the 26-33 age group (37.03%), followed by 18-25 age group (33.33%) and 24-40 age group (29.62%). 50% were primigravida. SARS COV-2 infection occurred in 51.85% of pregnant women in the 3rd trimester, 35.18% in the 2nd trimester, and 12.96% in the 1st trimester, 53.7% of patients had a mild case, 9.26% had moderate, and 37.04% had severe symptoms. 12.96% of patients needed ventilation, while 5.56% were in ICU without ventilation but on HFNC. Two patients had 1st-trimester abortion, and three had pre-term delivery. There was one IUFD, ongoing pregnancy in five patients, vaginal delivery in nine patients, and cesarean section in 25 patients. Sepsis occurred in 3.7% of patients, and post-partum hemorrhage in 1.85%. Oxygen was needed for 37.04% of patients with severe pneumonia. Out of 54 patients, 88.88% recovered, and 11.11% died in the hospital. The number of healthy babies was 74.07%, while premature babies were 5.56%, and there were two perinatal deaths.
Conclusions: This study concluded that pregnant women with COVID-19 infection are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes however, a low risk of congenital transmission, and the neonatal outcome was good. The availability of ICU in critical conditions is needed for better pregnancy outcomes.
Acute fatty liver disease of pregnancy-report of two cases from tertiary care centre, Hyderabad
Authors: Devabhaktuni Pratibha , Malathi Ponnuru  , Renuka Puli  , Rajeshwari Jatoth  , Kausalya Chakravarty
Published: April 2023

A referral case from Kollampally, Narayanpet, primi past EDD by 2 days, thrombocytopenia and elevated bilirubin levels. EDC-18.09.22, scan EDC- 26.09.22 She had a vaginal septum and a poor Bishop score. During caesarean section, there was atonic post-partum haemorrhage, (PPH). When PPH could not be controlled with medical management, Haymans stitches were applied to control the bleeding. Total she received seventeen units of blood products, (4 FFPS, 1 SDP, 2 PRBC, 10 CRYO). She succumbed on the fourth POD. Fulminant hepatic failure, hepatic encephalopathy, grade 111, oliguric, AKI, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, with sepsis. The second case, a 24 years primi, 38 weeks 4 days, jaundice of three days duration, with HELLP? AFLP, thrombocytopenia with poor Bishop score. This case was a referral from SVS medical college, Mahaboob Nagar (MBNR) on 25.10.22, 7.23pm. An emergency LSCS was performed on 26.10. 22, 2.15 am. Blood products 25 units, (1 PRBC, 8 FFP, 6 RDP, 10 Cryo) units transfused. Intra operative blood loss was 1250 ml. Atonic PPH was managed adopting both medical and surgical, methods. An alive male 3200 gm was delivered. Measures taken to control PPH were, misoprostol 800 mcg PR, inj.oxytocin 20 units i.v drip, uterine massage, Inj. Carboprost was given. Modified B Lynch uterine compression sutures were applied. Bilateral uterine artery ligation was done. Abdominal drain kept. AKI, sepsis and increasing bilirubin levels were noted. At OGH two sessions of haemodialysis were done. Patient expired on 28.10.22. Persistent hypoglycemia, elevated bilirubin, low fibrinogen, prolonged PT and INR pointed to a diagnosis of AFLP.
Pattern of gestational complications and low birth weight: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mahboob Nabeela , Islam Liza , Hossain Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Background: Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading causes of disability and death among women of reproductive age in developing countries. The adverse events that occur during pregnancy influence the health of the child that may result in the neonatal outcome.
Method: The analytical cross-sectional study was performed to assess the association between gestational complications and low birth weight (LBW) among woman of reproductive ages at Mohammadpur fertility services and training centre,100 bedded Mother and child health hospital in Dhaka city from January to March, 2018.  After taking informed written consent, data was collected about gestational complication factors, socio-demographic factors and maternal factors through questionnaire and reviewing medical documents and data was analyzed in R software.
Results: Out of total 400 live births, 114 (28.5%) babies were born with LBW. The results of the unadjusted analysis by the χ2 test indicate that sex of birth (boy or girl) (p≤0.001), household monthly income (p=0.004), preterm baby (p=0.005), duration of sleep hours (p=0.005) and mode of delivery (p=0.015), premature rupture of membrane (PROM) (p≤0.001), preterm labour (p=0.019), and overall maternal complications (p=0.004) are the significant variables to develop LBW among the mothers. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted and stepwise regression was done.
Conclusions: Despite government has taken many pragmatic steps, LBW is still prevailing in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study is expected to help government further to review their policies, strategies and recommendations pertaining to reduce LBW in Bangladesh.
A systematic self-study and analysis in prevalence of malaria across the world
Authors: Chavan Vishwajeet Manohar , Chavan Girish Manohar , Uma Aaluri
Published: April 2023

Malaria is a febrile mosquito borne infectious disease which is caused by plasmodium. Malaria is one of the most deadliest and serious tropical disease ever witnessed by humanity. There are five species of plasmodium which are reported to infect humans. Out of the five species plasmodium falciparum has been reported to be the most deadliest form of plasmodium.

A systemic self-study was planned to analyze and study the current prevalence of malaria globally. With the application of electronic databases we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, WHO website, Medline Plus, Health line & Cleveland Clinic web which were published in English language. This systemic self-study have reviewed the facts which were published earlier to determine the current scenario by vast study of statistics and derivation of facts. Vast analysis and along with proper examination of data were made to evaluate with final conclusion.

We observed and analyzed various surveys and studies conducted by World Health Organization which has stated that malaria have affected 90 countries and also territories in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2019 World Malaria Report documented over 96% of malarial death has occurred in African region. According to World Malarial Report, India also accounts for 3% of global burden of malaria. We also have observed in over 50% of estimated cases of malaria in India Plasmodium vivax have been the most infectious type of plasmodium. Irrespective of any country in the world India has by far the greatest plasmodium vivax incidences.

We hereby conclude our systematic self-study and vast analysis by stating these following facts that malaria is a mosquito borne infectious disease which is highly infectious and is caused by a unicellular microorganism known as plasmodium. Malaria is one of the most serious and fatal tropical disease ever witnessed by humanity. We analysed several studies and found that World Health Organization have estimated globally about 241 million clinical cases of malaria followed by 6,27,000 deaths of people. We also derive the fact that most of this death related malaria occurred in the African region. In 2019 World Malarial Report also confirmed that 96% of global death has occurred from the African continent. We further studied that India have also accounted 3% of total global burden of malaria. We further inferred based on our observational analysis that over 50% of urban malaria in India is caused by plasmodium vivax. We studied that there are five types of malaria along with the prevalence and inferred that plasmodium falciparum is the most fatal form of malaria and have accounted over 95% of death caused due to malaria in African region at 100% in sub-Saharan African region. We hereby positively conclude our self-study on prevalence of malaria across the world by drawing a report given by World Health Organization stating that global mortality rate has significantly reduced by 90% in the end of 20th century.
Perception of medical interns after visiting selected public health institutes in central India
Authors: Prasad Manish Awadhesh , Jain Kamlesh , Verma Nirmal
Published: April 2023

Visits to institutes that work for public health help broaden the vision of interns so that they think of rural health care also. Therefore this study was planned to evaluate the effect on the minds of interns after visiting such places with objectives 1. To know the things learnt by interns during visit to institutes working in area of public health services in rural areas, 2. Based on the inputs given by the interns suggest recommendations for internship program. It was a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study. A focus group discussion of interns was conducted to understand their interest in learning the low cost services being provided in these rural areas and various things learnt during the visit to public health importance institutes. Total 28 interns participated in the study in 3 batches included 6(21.42%) females and 22(78.57%) males. The age range was 23 to 27 years and all were unmarried. More than 2/3 interns belonged to Chhattisgarh and few from outside the state. Interns were motivated by the faculties to work for rural health care and were sensitized about the health care needs work challenges in remote inaccessible areas.
Study of acute respiratory infections in breastfeeding babies up to 2 years
Authors: Chengty Siddaling , Siddiqua Ayesha , VG Mujumdar , Papanka Rajkumar
Published: April 2023

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in less than two years of age. The frequent episodes of ARI need hospitalization of babies which becomes more equivocal to paediatrician /clinician.

94 babies upto 2 years with ARI were studied and compared with the same number of healthy babies (controlled group). Routine blood examination included CBC, ESR, PS, AEC, chest x-ray, and PFT was done only if necessary.

The comparison of social-demographic students in both groups included gestational weeks, premature birth, birth weight, cesarean birth, employment of mother, siblings, habits of parents were found to be significant (p<0.001). In breastfeeding comparison 60 (± 3.8) ARI cases, 74 (± 5.3) controlled group and p<0.00. In the comparison of never, breastfed cases 26 (± 32) in RI cases, 14 (± 2.8) in a controlled group, and p<0.00

This pragmatic study has confirmed that malnourished babies are more prone to ARI and needs to be correlated with breastfed babies and nutrition supplementation must be recommended along with treatment.
Study of C - reactive protein, D-dimer in correlation with HbA1C levels in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Rani C Jhansi , Venkatamani Yaamarthy , Ahmed Mohd. Iqbal , Malini R Hema , Rani B Bhanuja
Published: April 2023

: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease presented with chronic hyperglycemia, which causes abnormalities in the endothelial cells, proinflammatory state, altered platelet function & plasma coagulation factors that lead to a hypercoagulable state & thrombotic incidents. D-dimer is an indirect marker of thrombotic activity. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important risk factor for systemic inflammation, so the present study aimed to determine the relationship between CRP, D-dimer in correlation with HbA1C in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

The present study is undertaken to evaluate the study of D-dimer, C-reactive protein in correlation with HbA1C levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

: A total of one hundred & twenty subjects aged 30-70 years were included. The patients were selected from those who attended the medical OPD at Gandhi Medical College & hospital, Secunderabad, & their samples are analyzed by Beckmann Coulter Fully Automatic Analyzer AU5800. CRP is estimated by rate turbidimetry method & D-dimer is estimated by rate turbidimetry method. HbA1C by HPLC in Bio-rad-D-10

: The prospective of elevated D-dimer, CRP levels are in correlation with increased HbA1C levels. So screening of inflammatory & hemostatic markers must be done in patients with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus.
To determine the burden of ectopic pregnancy in the tertiary care centre (TRIHMS) of Arunachal Pradesh and its implication on the type of surgical and anaesthetic management
Authors: Saring Noyomi , Basar Tomar , Yam Narang
Published: April 2023

The incidence of Ectopic Pregnancy (EP) is 1 – 2% in India, with mortality rate of none to 3.5%. It is considered to be emerging as one of the leading problem for woman’s fertility with major mortalities in reproductive age group.In this study we had intended to find out the incidence of EP in tertiary care centre of Arunachal Pradesh along with clinical presentation and mode of surgical and anaesthetic management.

After clearance from Institutional ethics committee, patients’ with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, whether elective or emergency were included in this study. This study aimed to determine the incidence of EP, type of surgical intervention and mode of anaesthesia.

81 diagnosed cases of EP admitted in obstetrics ward were enrolled for this study. The incidence of EP was 22.9 per 1000 deliveries in tertiary care centre of state of Arunachal Pradesh. Emergency contraceptive pill intake was single most leading risk factor in this study, with history of intake in 28.4% of the cases. 85.2% cases had salphingectomy and 90.1% surgeries were conducted under spinal anaesthesia

EP may be rising in recent trends due emerging use of contraceptive and other reproductive techniques. We conclude that the ectopic pregnancy is major cause of morbidity in reproductive female age group; however, with timely diagnosis and collaborative obstetrical and anaesthetic management, its mortality can be reduced significantly.
The study on association of elevated cardiac biomarker in patients of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Deepshikha  , Verma Sajeet , Mittal Mahim
Published: April 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and also resulting in economic and social burden which is substantial and is significantly increasing with time. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is frequently associated with right ventricular loading and pulmonary hypertension. Study aimed to evaluate a possible association between cardiac biomarker levels and adverse events in hospitalized patients with Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comorbidities are important determinants of outcome and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 patients with AECOPD admitted in the medicine emergency ward of Baba Raghav Das medical college and Nehru Hospital Gorakhpur India. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were diagnosed according to Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease guidelines. cTnI levels were estimated at the time of admission by method based on chemiluminescence with other investigations. Levels ≥ 0.01ng/ml was taken as positive. Tabulation and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS v.17.0 software. p –value< 0.05 at 95% confidence intervals taken as statistically significant.

89 patients with AECOPD were enrolled, among them mean age was 59.59±8.72. We found that cardiac biomarker elevation (cTnI≥0.01ng/ml) is significantly associated with increased mortality, duration of hospitalization, need of ventilation (both invasive or non-invasive) & cardiovascular morbidity. cTnI positivity predicted increased need of ICU admission and significantly increased duration of hospital stay (P=0.0001). cTnI positivity can prognosticate need of NIV or ventilator support. It was found in our study that ventilator support necessity & mortality was more in cTnI positive patients which shows statical significance (P=0.006).

cTnI in AECOPD has close relation with exacerbation od disease, right ventricular dysfunction, so it can be used as prognostic marker for mechanical ventilation requirement in future.
To study the outcome of sacro-iliac percutaneous screw fixation in unstable fractures of pelvic injuries
Authors: Eswarapandi S , Balasubramanian G , Herbert S Azariah
Published: April 2023

Percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac joint fractures and closed reduction gives advantages of limited blood loss, minimal invasion of compromised soft tissue, decreased infection rates and reduced operation time. The purpose of this study is to determine the outcome of sacroiliac percutaneous screw fixation of pelvic injuries in unstable fractures.

This study was conducted at Tirunelveli medical college hospital from 2017 to 2019 in patients underwent sacro-iliac percutaneous screw fixation in unstable fractures of pelvic injuries. Functional assessment of patients with Pelvic fractures was assessed by Majeed Score Scale. Patients follow up was taken at 4, 8, 12 weeks, 6 months and 1 year.

The study included 22 patients with ages ranged from 16-70 years with the mean age range of 39 years with 16 males and 6 females. Mode of injury was a road traffic accident in 86.36% of cases and fall from height in 13.64%. As per the Majeed scoring system all patients were clinically evaluated. The overall Majeed score was excellent in 77.27%, while good in 13.63% and poor in 9.09% of cases. As per Matta and tornetta postoperative radiological evaluation was carried out.

Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation and anatomic reduction give better stability in unstable sacroiliac joint injuries allowing good functional outcomes and early mobility. For sacral fracture and sacroiliac, joint injury with C arm guidance percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is a minimally invasive and safe technique.
Assessment of severity of peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation- using APACHE II score
Authors: Punyapu Sridhar , Thota Karthik , Ganga Balakrishna , Kanumuri Sravanthi , Farooqi Zainab , Mehra Panguluru A S Nikhil
Published: April 2023

: Acute widespread peritonitis caused by a perforated hollow viscus is a potentially fatal illness. It's a common surgical emergency in many developing-country general surgical departments, and it's often associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Grading the severity of acute peritonitis has greatly aided decision-making and improved the therapeutic success in the management of critically ill patients. Empirically based risk assessment for major clinical events has proven to be tremendously valuable in evaluating new medicines, monitoring resource utilisation, and improving care quality.

A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted on patients operated on emergency basis for hollow viscus perforation admitted to the hospital, the study was conducted from OCT 2014 – SEP 2016 at Kamineni institute Medical sciences & hospital, Narketpally, Telengana. A series of 100 cases was compiled for this study during this period. The accuracy in outcome prediction of APACHE–II system was assessed by means of receiver operating characteristic curve and Pearson correlation coefficient. The Analytical data obtained was compared and discussed with the data available in the literature.

A total of 100 patients were studied. Out of which there were 86(86%) survivors and 14(14%) non-survivors. Mean APACHE–II score of the study population was 9.80 with a range of 1-30. The predicted death rate for the study population was 16% and observed death rate was 14%. Mean APACHE–II score in survivors was 8.03 where as in non-survivors it was 20.64. The area under the curve using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was found to be 0.985. The association between the APACHE-II score and the predicted death rate was flawless, with r = 0.99 and P0.001. In patients with peritonitis caused by hollow viscus perforation, an APACHE-II score of 11-20 was found to be a stronger predictor of mortality risk. In patient groups with APACHE-II scores of 0-10 and scores > 20, predicted death did not match observed mortality.

APACHI-II scoring system can be used for assessment of group out come in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation. However, it does not provide sufficient confidence for outcome prediction in individual patient.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of body donation in central India
Authors: Jain Rashmi , Jain Ankit , Shrivastava Prateek , Sharma Radhika
Published: April 2023

Body donation is one of the sources of cadaver supply to medical colleges. The shortage of cadavers in medical institutes is the main problem of learning anatomy across India.  The current research aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of the general public regarding body donation.

A cross-sectional study had conducted on 1500 voluntary people visiting or working in SSMC, Rewa (M.P.). A well-structured paper-based questionnaire had prepared for the collection of data. Descriptive data had expressed as frequency counts (percentage). Chi-square test had done to analyze differences in the awareness and willingness for body donation between the male and female groups. The difference between the two groups had considered significant if p < 0.05.

35.07% of all the participants were unaware of body donation. Females were more unaware and uninterested in body donation. Among aware participants, 12.53% showed their willingness for body donation. The majority of them were motivated by medical professionals and the media. 87.47% were reluctant to donate their bodies because of various reasons like religious barriers, psychological anxiety, etc.

 We concluded that the majority of our study participants were unaware of body donation. Lack of awareness and social stigma are the main causes of deficiency of cadavers in medical institutes. To create awareness among the general public regarding body donation is the need of the hour. Maintaining an ample supply of cadavers to the undertraining medical students is of utmost importance for turning them into skillful doctors in the future.
Evaluation of thyroid abnormalities in childhood vitiligo from a tertiary care centre: A case-control study
Authors: Salecha Akshay Jain , Kumar AL Senthil , Sridevi K , Ramamurthy DVSB , Annamreddy Leepika
Published: April 2023

Vitiligo is an usual acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin characterized by well-circumscribed depigmented macules and patches. Though the association between vitiligo and thyroid disorders has been suggested, only a few studies from India and overseas have paid attention to describe the association between vitiligo and thyroid abnormalities, particularly in children. Hence, this study was taken up for evaluating thyroid disease in childhood vitiligo compared to controls in a tertiary care centre.

This was a hospital-based case-control study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital over 18 months which included 50 new patients of vitiligo and 50 age and sex-matched controls. Blood samples were garnered from cases and controls to access the levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), Thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin (anti –Tg).

In our study, females outnumbered males in both groups. The frequencies of thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody abnormalities among vitiligo patients and control were 32% and 6%, respectively. The difference between case and controls for thyroid function abnormality was significant with a p-value of 0.001.

Our study found a significant association betwixt thyroid disease and childhood vitiligo. Thus, evaluating vitiligo patients for thyroid abnormalities help to detect thyroid diseases or determine the possibility of eventual onset.
Comparitive study of therapeutic effects of labetalol with methyldopa in hypertension in pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal outcome
Authors: Bhimavarapu Sudha , Bhargavi E. Vidya
Published: April 2023

In a country like India, where maternal mortality rate is still very high despite progress and development which has consistently been made in the health services, a big proportion is still deprived of it. Hypertension is the most common medical problem encountered during pregnancy.

This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of labetalol versus methyldopa in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and prevention of further complications.

The present study had been carried out on antenatal booked 110 cases between 20 – 40 years of age who developed hypertension after 20 weeks period of gestation with or without oedema & proteinuria or both, attending antenatal OPD or Emergency at Govt General Hospital, Nizamabad, from 1st December 2017 to 31may 2018.

: Incidence of PIH in the present study is 7.23% in the booked population. Side effects of drugs were reported more in methyldopa group as compared to labetalol. Adverse foetal outcomes, especially IUGR and pre term babies are more in methyldopa group as compared to labetalol group. Emergency lscs cases are 14 out of 55 in labetalol group,22 out of 55 in methyldopa group were noted. Most common indication for emergency LSCS in both the groups was uncontrolled hypertension, but cases are more in methyldopa group. in Labetalol group 7 out of 55 underwent EL LSCS, in methyldopa group 6 out of 55 underwent LSCS. Total no of caesarean sections in labetalol group are 21 out of 55(32.7%),whereas in methyldopa group28 out of 55 (50.9%), so operative interference is more in methyldopa group when compared to labetalol group.

: It concludes that labetalol is suitable for use during pregnancy to reduce maternal and fetal side-effects, so it has efficient hypotensive action.
Combined conservative management and percutaneous peritoneal drainage as damage control approach in high-risk patients with perforated peptic ulcers
Authors: Gohil Rohit Kumar , Meher Raj Kishor , Behera Tapan Kumar , Kujur Sanjay , Nayak Malay Krushna , Rath Brahma Kumar
Published: April 2023

High risk patients with perforated peptic ulcer, where both the surgeon and anaesthetist are hesitant to operate, were managed by combined conservative management and bilateral percutaneous peritoneal drainage under local anaesthesia as a damage control approach; followed by either definitive surgery or omental patch closure. Here we study the management outcome in terms of morbidity & mortality of such patients.

A prospective study of 60 patients presenting to VSSIMSAR, Burla was done between Feb 2018 and Jan 2020. Study population includes patients with perforated peptic ulcer confirmed by pneumo-peritoneum in X-ray and bilious peritoneal tap; with high peri-operative risk (PULP score 8-18). They were managed by combined conservative management and bilateral percutaneous peritoneal drainage under local anaesthesia. The outcome in terms of improved general condition and definitive/ omental patch closure, morbidity and mortality rates were noted.

After risk stratification according to PULP score, total number of high-riskcases (PULP score >8) were 60 (male-39, female-21); Majority of them were elderly (90%). Most common complication was ARDS (28.3%). Maximum number of patients (75%) were improved by the damage control approach without significant complications and offered exploratory laparotomy & needful. Localised abscess were observed in around 13.33% patients; which were managed by image guided aspiration under antibiotic coverage. The overall mortality rate was 11.67%.

Combined conservative management and percutaneous peritoneal drainage as damage control, which can be done in resource limited centre; followed by either definitive surgery or omental patch closure is associated with reduced mortality.
A prospective study to evaluate the axilla in cases of breast carcinoma to exclude axillary lymph node dissection in sentinel lymph node negative cases
Authors: Das Subhabrata , Choudhury Sulata , Dash Siba Prasad , Rajesh V , Das Chandan
Published: April 2023

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become standard to stage the axilla in cases of clinically and Ultrasound negative axilla avoiding unnecessary axillary Lymph node dissection which is associated with higher morbidity in patients

1. The Primary objective is to preoperatively detect axillary metastasis in USG confirmed node negative axilla and perform Sentinel Lymph node Biopsy, 2. To negate the need for axillary lymph node dissection and biopsy in the treatment of breast cancer patients with sentinel node negative

A total number of 80 patients with core needle biopsy proved were subjected to USG of Breast and axilla. The patients who had suspicious features in USG axilla were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. The patient having positive (metastasis) over USG guided FNAC were subjected to ALND and those patients with USG guided FNAC Negative and Normal USG Axilla i.e. No suspicious over USG were subjected to SLNB using blue dye. The SLNB negative cases were followed up with Adjuvant Chemotherapy and every 3months in combination with sonography of the breast and the axilla. Mammograms, X-ray and abdominal sonography performed annually.

All 80 biopsy proven patients were subjected to USG. From which 32 patients had suspicious of metastatic deposits which were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. Rest 48 patients Normal Axilla. From 32 suspicious patients undergone USG Guided FNAC 15 showed deposits in Axilla which were subjected to ALND. Rest 17 Negative under USG guided FNAC along with 48 Normal Axilla patients were subjected to blue dye SLNB i.e., Total of 65 cases. i). From these 65 cases which undergone SLNB 4 cases (23.5%) showed metastatic deposit in USG guided FNAC Negative cases (17 total cases) and 8 cases (16.6%) showed metastatic deposit in USG Normal Axilla (48 Total cases) in frozen section. Which brings total SLNB of 18.4% (12 out of 65 cases). ii). These 12 cases were subjected to Axillary Lymph node dissection. The Final HPE study showed 100% metastatic deposits. iii). Remaining 53 cases were followed up for a period of 12 months. No local or Axillary recurrence could be observed in 53 patients who underwent SLNB without ALND.

Short term results were very promising with combination of USG along with SLNB without ALND in SLNB negative cases and holds a strong future perspective.
The Russian Arctic in the Modern World: Economic Security
Authors: Govorova Yulia
Published: April 2023

The article examines economic security, priority economic directions, challenges and threats of the Russian Arctic in the modern world. The increasing global attention to the Arctic region in the modern world has intensified rivalry, competition for access to Arctic resources between states. The analysis of the regulatory and geopolitical dimension of the US policy in the Arctic is carried out.
Circumpolar Arctic economy under deglobalization
Authors: Krivorotov Andrey
Published: April 2023

Since 1990s, the liberal globalization exposed the Arctic to economic hardships but also spurred broad international cooperation, creating a new holistic macroregion. However, the U.S. arranged in 2022 for its politicized breakup along the NATO vs Russia axis, with an active involvement of third parties. In the Western Arctic this is likely to result in stringent limitations on business activities for climatic reasons, while Russia needs to adjust its economic strategy towards a stronger reliance on the domestic market and advanced technologies.
"Yellow vests" in France: on the problem of periodization and chronologization of the history of the movement
Authors: Stepanov Mikhail
Published: April 2023

The "yellow vests" movement in France has become a unique example of social protest in the digital age, proving that the broad masses of the population are capable of self-organization and they do not need individual leaders, parties or trade unions. Many works have been devoted to the study of the phenomenon of the "yellow vests" movement in Russian social and humanitarian science, the authors of which analyze in detail the causes, causes and consequences of its appearance, explore its characteristic features, features, strengths and weaknesses. However, there is still a lack of works in Russian, in which an attempt would be made to carry out periodization and chronologically describe the history of the movement of "yellow vests". The presence of such works would significantly facilitate the work of researchers who are just starting to study this topic, would allow them to quickly immerse themselves in the context of the social phenomenon under consideration. This work aims to fill this gap. Within the framework of the historical approach, based on the materials of the French press, an attempt has been made to recreate the chronology of the "yellow vests" movement in France, to trace the course of its development and highlight the main periods of its history.
On the Ruins of Civil Religion: Memorial Conflicts and "South Nostalgia" in Modern Serbia
Authors: Anikin Daniil
Published: April 2023

The subject of research is the trends of rethinking the Yugoslav heritage in the politics of memory of modern Serbia. Based on the study of legislative acts, public speeches of politicians and sociological data, the authors identify the main directions of interpretation of the Yugoslav heritage, which include: understanding Serbian participation in World War II as a civil war between various social and political groups, striving to reconcile various positions on the results of World War II for Serbian society, the emergence of Yugo-nostalgia as a specific phenomenon that reflects the resentiment of a significant part of Serbian society, but also an element of the tourism industry.
The reinvention of time: about the book by Irina Sandomirskaya “Past discontinuous: fragments of restoration”
Authors: Sharova Veronika
Published: April 2023

The article is a brief overview of the new work of the philologist and a cultural historian Irina Sandomirskaya: her book dedicated to restoration, including in its cultural and socio-political dimension. Restoration is analyzed by the author as a phenomenon that reflects the prevailing ideas in society about the past - but not the past as it is / was, but about how it should be. Restoration practices, therefore, act as part of a cultural policy and a policy of memory, and their results can, according to the author of the book, be correlated with such phenomena as the authoritative appropriation of discourse, violence, revolution, as well as with the “barbarism/civilization” scheme, which of particular importance in the context of Russian and Soviet history.
The concept of state sovereignty in the modern period
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Pyatkin V. N.
Published: April 2023

Understanding, development, and significance of state sovereignty in international and domestic relations are a constant and burning issue of scientific research. However, over the last years, there is a growing tendency in the foreign and Russian science aimed at the disavowal of the concept of the sovereignty as an inalienable, undivided, and absolute power of the state, which leads both to the scientific disputes and the growth of tension at the state-by-state (international) level. The abovementioned determined the goal of this work: the scientific substantiation of the sovereignty as the most important, enduring characteristic and the base attribute of a state, as well as the formation of the concept according to which state sovereignty should be considered as a political and legal axiom aimed at the creation of a modern secure world order. The understanding of state sovereignty developed over several centuries includes the ability of a state to form and implement an individual, independent, and integral foreign and domestic policy, which means the supremacy of the state in the domestic and foreign policy. However, there are significant disagreements in understanding the nature, scope, implementation mechanism, and other factors of the formation and development of state sovereignty. In the paper, the author attempts to comprehend the pluralism of views on the concept of state sovereignty and to identify the consequences of artificial reducing the authority of the state sovereignty concept, proposes the justification for the inadmissibility of its disavowal. The author concludes that the concept of state sovereignty is actually the most important property of any state and scarcely depends on the influence of external factors, i.e. the sovereignty of the state cannot be limited since this contradicts, first of all, to its essence, and the disparagement and appeals to the state sovereignty abolition are the most dangerous tendency significantly increasing the level of tension in the world. State sovereignty is a symbol, the ideological framework of the world order and the existence of any state.
“Direct will of the people” as a constitutional and legal category
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Ubasev V. V.
Published: April 2023

The paper considers the problem of defining the concept and characteristic features of the constitutional and legal category “direct will of the people”, as well as its place in the corpus of terms of the domestic constitutional law science. The author substantiates a thesis about the synonymy of the terms “direct will of the people” and “direct democracy” and gives the definition of these concepts. The paper gives some signs of the direct democracy forms, which distinguish it from other related constitutional law institutions, as well as specific signs of its higher forms – a referendum and free elections. Separately, the extraordinary forms of direct democracy are considered – the all-Russian vote of 1993, through which the current Constitution of the Russian Federation was adopted, and the all-Russian vote on the approval of the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020. The author analyzes the content of these constitutional and legal institutions, highlights their specific features. It is indicated that these institutions have a significant similarity with the federal referendum, but they have their own unique characteristics, which make such electoral procedures the most suitable for solving specific problems. The author concludes that the institutions of the direct will of the people take precedence over the institutions of representative people power, as well as about the dualism of the “direct will of the people” concept, which can be considered in two legal meanings: as a process or as a result of the implementation of the will of the people. It is stated that three components are the basis for the implementation of the direct will of the people: a subject of legal relations; the necessity of personal participation of citizens; the unity of the will of all citizens and the direct relationship of the decision made with the people’s will.
Comparative analysis of the requirements for phonological competence in oral communication in Russian and international examinations in English
Authors:   Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Ponomareva Yu. A. , Guseva L. V. ,   Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2023

The number of high school graduates taking the final exam in foreign languages is constantly growing. Changes in the CEFR documents that regulate and describe the levels of foreign language proficiency have caused the necessity to reconsider traditional views on pronunciation standards and assessment of the speaking part of international English language exams. The paper focuses on the assessment of the level of proficiency in the phonetic aspect of speech. The authors provide a comparative analysis of the criteria for assessing the level of proficiency in phonological competence in various language exams. Russian and international English language exams apply different requirements to the phonological competence of a test taker. Changes to the descriptors, specifications and assessment criteria for the speaking part of the National State Examination in English are proposed based on the global trend for speech clarity instead of the accent closest to the sound of a native speaker. Introduction of the changes leads to development of an optimal strategy for preparing students for various language exams. The study formulates provisions that will navigate the process of exam preparation for the NSE in the English language. Students are advised to focus on the clarity of speech, to adhere to the rhythmic and intonation patterns of the statement, which should correspond with the communicative task. An important role is given to the intensity of speech and clarity of articulation, the demonstration of willingness and desire to start communication. Students are not recommended to stick to a certain accent typical for native speakers trying to imitate their pronunciation.
Subjective perceptions of social success in adolescence
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic State University, Tuzova O. N. , Kobzeva O. V. ,   Murmansk Arctic State University
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the results of an empirical study on the problem of social success. The relevance of the topic is caused by the necessity to organize the career guidance work and to provide psychological and pedagogical support in the process of personal formation of adolescents under the uncertainty and variability. The study was aimed to identify the peculiarities of the ideas of adolescents about the social success of a person in modern society and to study the level of evaluation of their own social success. The empirical study was conducted on the basis of secondary schools of Murmansk. The study involved 50 students of the 8–9 grades aged 14–15. The researchers used the “Successful Person” technique of G.R. Khuzeeva in the author’s modification, which included the construction of extra questions aimed to identify self-esteem of the respondents’ social success and the qualities, which help them to be successful. The study identified that teenagers associated social success with business qualities, such as purposefulness, hard work, and efficiency; they also understand the necessity of good education and well-developed communication skills to achieve success. The analysis of the results of the adolescents’ assessment of their own social success showed that 14 % of respondents rated their social success highly, 66 % of respondents rated their social success at an intermediate level and 20 % of respondents gave low ratings of their own social success. The obtained results formed the basis for the program of psychological and pedagogical support of adolescents in the process of professional and personal formation.
Self-preservation and self-change: framing of Self- in the conditions of its forced disorganizatio
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Shapoval I. A.
Published: April 2023

The modern global processes of geopolitical and economic repartition of the world determine the relevance of the analysis of framing by a subject of Self- in the states of self-organization and self-disorganization of its system. The paper considers the consequences of these “turbulent” processes for framing the Self-, when in the changed conditions and situations of uncertainty, the previous frames that determined the procedures of stereotypical behavior became ineffective. During the research, using the descriptive and diachronic methods, the author summarized the results of the analysis of the phenomenology of framing the Self- in its historical and axiomatic perspectives. The syntagmatic and paradigmatic framing levels and their correlations with different life styles, social adaptation and self-realization scenarios, motives, and self-determination of a subject are analyzed and interpreted. The system organization of framing the Self- is represented by four subsystems (cognitive, motivational, activity-based, and regulatory) differing in the content of hyperframes, subframes, and the results of framing. The paper shows the main differences between self-organization and disorganization of framing: the dominant of the paradigmatic or syntagmatic level, systemacity –the amorphy of frames and their adaptive plasticity – rigidity. The author systematized the factors of dominance in a subject of one or another framing level: the nature of self-identification and self-determination, the significance of perceptual-cognitive-affective Self- formations, the degree of rigidity of schemes and automatism of actualization of stereotypical scenarios, the modality of self-determination. As a way out of the state of forced Self- framing disorganization, the author highlights the self-preservation and self-change variants and determines the predictors of the choice of each option. The main conclusions are, firstly, the regularity of the forced disorganization of Self- and its framing in a contemporary, his/her need to preserve Self-, and, secondly, the conditionality of the choice of self-preservation or self-change by the history of his/her conceptual framework of Self-.