bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protein dan Asam Amino pada Edible Sargassum aquifolium, Ulva lactuca, dan Gracilariopsis longissima
Authors: Pratiwi Alberta Rika , Fadlilah Irma , Kristina Ananingsih Victoria , Meiliana Meiliana
Published: March 2022

Makroalga telah digunakan industri pangan sejak lama karena komponen yang dikandungnya misalnya alginat, karagenan, dan agar. Selain itu alga mengandung nutrisi dan komponen bioaktif lainnya sebagai pangan fungsional. Kandungan protein dan keragaman jenis asam amino dapat menjadi informasi penting untuk memaksimalkan potensi yang dimiliki alga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan protein dan profil asam amino pada S.aquifolium, U. lactuca, dan G. longissima. Ekstraksi protein menggunakan pelarut 0,4 M NaOH dan ultrasonikasi 5 menit dengan amplitudo 70%. Analisis kandungan protein menggunakan metode Bradford. Komposisi asam amino dianalisis menggunakan ultra performance liquid chromatography. Protein tertinggi di antara ketiga makroalga tersebut adalah S. aquifolium yakni mengandung protein 4,17% dan teridentifikasi 16 jenis asam amino dengan 10 jenis asam amino esensial (AAE) dan 6 asam amino non esensial (AANE). U lactuca teridentifikasi 9 AAE dan 6 AANE. Untuk G. longissima teridentifikasi 8 jenis AAE dan 6 jenis AANE. Asam glutamat merupakan asam amino tertinggi pada S. aquifolium sebesar 400,27±62,27 mg/kg, sedangkan pada U. lactuca dan G. longissima asam aspartat merupakan AANE yang tertinggi kandungannya yakni 274,60±50,14 mg/kg dan 435,57±25,81mg/kg. Edible makroalga tersebut mengandung protein dan asam amino yang penting dan beberapa memiliki konsentrasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan sumber protein makroalga sejenis dari perairan lain. Asam amino yang dimiliki ketiga makroalga ini memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut menjadi produk pangan berbasis tanaman dengan karakter flavor dan rasa umami.
Teknik Pemingsanan Ikan Bawal Bintang (Trachinotus blochii) menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Senduduk Ungu (Melastoma malabathricum L.)
Authors: Putri R. Marwita Sari , Apriandi Azwin , Yulianto Tri , Anggianti Facrini
Published: March 2022

Ikan bawal bintang (Trachinotus blochii) merupakan salah satu komoditas budi daya unggulan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Ikan ini memiliki harga jual yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan teknologi transportasi yang inovatif untuk mempertahankan nilai jual dari komoditas ini. Daun senduduk ungu (Melastoma malabahtricum L.) merupakan salah satu yang berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan anastesi (pemingsanan) ikan hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak daun senduduk ungu yang sesuai untuk pemingsanan ikan bawal bintang dan tingkat kelulusan hidupnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak daun senduduk ungu terbaik adalah kosentrasi 25% dengan waktu onset (pingsan) 40,69 menit dan waktu pulih (sadar) terlama yaitu 12,34 menit dengan tingkat kelulusan hidup 100%. Kualitas air setelah pemingsanan masih dalam ambang batas wajar yaitu pH sebesar 6,67; DO 4,5, suhu 28,19oC dan TAN 1,59 mg/L.
Comment on “If Not Brittle: Ductile, Plastic, or Viscous?” by Kelin Wang
Authors: Lopez-Sanchez Marco A. , Demouchy Sylvie , Thoraval Catherine
Published: March 2022

In continuum mechanics, viscous materials are those that lack rigidity and elastic response under shear stress. We argue that using the term viscous to refer to the aseismic lithosphere is thus a misnomer because it denies the propagation of S waves through the lithosphere in total contradiction to decades of seismic surveys. Similarly, viscous materials lack yield stress, which is another feature expected in most situations within the aseismic lithosphere but is more difficult to assess. Aiming to reconcile the definitions of rheological terms between material and Earth and mineral sciences, we propose a decision tree chart for the use of the terms viscous, viscoelastic, plastic, and viscoplastic, all widely used terms in the materials and Earth sciences communities for describing fundamental macroscopic behavior of rocks under shear stresses.
A Local Magnitude Scale from Borehole Recordings with Site Correction of the Surface to Downhole
Authors: Lai Tz-Shin , Chao Wei-An , Wu Yih-Min
Published: March 2022

The Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan deployed 62 borehole seismic stations equipped with accelerometers and broadband seismometers by the end of 2018. Currently, a large number of earthquake records has been accumulated because of the high seismicity rate of Taiwan. These records can be used to detect microseismicity because the background seismic noise level is lower at downhole stations than surface stations. However, the magnitudes of the waveforms recorded by the downhole stations are lower than those of surface stations because of near-surface site effects. In Taiwan, local magnitude (ML) determinations use an attenuation function derived from surface stations, and ML will be underestimated if this attenuation function is used for downhole stations. Records of 14,653 earthquakes were used to determine site amplifications corresponding to site corrections of the surface to downhole. For all available earthquake–station pairs, a total of 5470 amplification factors satisfied condition of the incident angle less than 35°, which are used for further discussion in this work. The results reveal that amplification factors ranging from 1.11 to 6.07 can be used to describe site effects. These amplification factors are strongly correlated with VS30 (average shear-wave velocity for the top 30 m of strata). The amplification factor was used to revise station ML for downhole accelerometer (denoted MLB), and revised MLB (MLBNEW) was compared with ML from the surface accelerometer (denoted MLS). Results show that MLBNEW and MLS are similar. Using the derived site corrections of surface to downhole, the downhole seismograms can be used to directly determine ML, especially for the borehole broadband waveforms, enhancing detection capabilities for microearthquakes and improving the Taiwanese earthquake catalog.
Effects of Variety, Spacing and Nitrogen Application on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Growth and Yield in Embu County, Kenya
Authors: Wafula Judith N. K. , Mugendi Fredrick N. , Nthakanio Paul N. , Mosioma Jeremiah O. , Onyari Charles A.N.
Published: March 2022

Chickpea is a pulse crop that is rich in proteins and helps in fulfilling the requirement of protein for vegetarian people thus yield maximization needed. This study aimed to determine the effects of spacing, nitrogen rates, and their interactive effects on the growth and productivity of the selected chickpea varieties. Field experiments were conducted at Mwea, Kenya between 2017 and 2018 involving four varieties (Saina K, Mwanza 2, Chaina I and Chaina III) at a spacing of 50x10cm, 50x20cm, and 50x30cm, and starter nitrogen-fertilizer application rates 0kg, 30kg, 60kg, and 90kg ha-1. A split-split plot design arranged in a 4x3x4 layout was used in the current study. Data related to plant height, biomass, grain yield, and harvest index were collected and subjected to statistical analysis by GLM in SAS 9.4 computer software. Variations occurred in measured traits like the height of crops (34.81-38.00cm), biomass yield (3.31 - 8.08t ha-1), seed yield (0.14 to 1.9t ha-1), and percent harvest index (5 - 45%) was reported. Mwanza 2 expressed the highest plant height, biomass, and grain yield. The highest plant biomass was obtained under 50x10cm spacing, while the highest grain yield weight was reported under 50x30cm spacing x 60kg N ha-1. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the highest enhanced growth and productivity of chickpea were realized at interactions of Mwanza 2x50x10cmx90kg ha-1 nitrogen rate in the study area.
Inhibitory effects of luteolin on TLR3-mediated inflammation caused by TAK/NF-κB signaling in human corneal fibroblasts
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Guo Zi-Han , Wang Heng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Yang Xiu-Xia ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Yang Cheng-Cheng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Zheng Hui ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Tang Dan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China, Liu Yang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
Published: March 2022

AIM: To study the role of luteolin (LUT) in the expression of toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) ligand polyI:C stimulated inflammatory factors in human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs).
METHODS: HCFs cells were cultivated with or without LUT or polyI:C. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, as well as intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting or reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. Immunoblotting was used to assess toll-interleukin-1 receptor-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), TLR3, transforming growth factor-b-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), the transcription factor AP-1, as well as transcription factor nuclear factor (NF-κB)–inhibitory protein IκB-α degradation and phosphorylation. Immunofluorescence assays were used to localize the cellular location of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
RESULTS: Corneal fibroblasts exposed to polyI:C demonstrated decreased VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-8 expression levels upon exposure to LUT in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. LUT was observed to suppress polyI:C-triggered expression of TLR3, the translocation of NF-κB p65 into cell nuclei, as well as the phosphorylation of TAK, c-Jun, and IκB-α, while no impact on the expression levels of TRIF and TRAF6 were observed.
CONCLUSION: LUT suppress the expression of proinflammatory adhesion molecules, chemokines, and cytokines in polyI:C exposed HCFs. These effects are likely mediated through TAK/NF-κB signal attenuation. Therefore, LUT is a candidate molecule that can prevent the TLR3-mediated inflammation response associated with corneal viral infection.
Extracellular matrix gene expression in human trabecular meshwork cells following mechanical fluid flow stimulation
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of Hospital Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Yoshida Koichi , Utsunomiya Tsugiaki ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Ishibazawa Akihiro ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Song Young-Seok ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Udo Mariana Sayuri B. ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Tasaki Yoshikazu ,   Department of Hospital Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan, Yoshida Akitoshi ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
Published: March 2022

AIM: To investigate changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells in response to mechanical fluid flow stimulation.
METHODS: HTM cells were grown on a glass plate coated with 0.02% type I collagen (COL) and exposed to shear stress (0, 0.2, 1.0 dyne/cm2) for 12h. Changes in genes related to the ECM were evaluated by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Phosphorylation of Smad2 protein was investigated by Western blotting.
RESULTS: After mechanical stimulation, COL type 4 alpha 2, COL type 6 alpha 1, and fibronectin-1 mRNA were significantly higher than the static control (P<0.05, <0.05, and <0.01, respectively). The metalloproteinase-2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA were significantly higher than the static control (P<0.05 and <0.01, respectively), while the differences in the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-2 mRNA were not significant. The phosphorylation of Smad2 levels was significantly higher compared to the static control cells.
CONCLUSION: Changes in the expressions of genes associated ECM metabolism result in HTM cells after mechanical stimulation. The mechanical stimulation of the aqueous humor to the trabecular meshwork may promote ECM turnover and contribute to intraocular pressure homeostasis.
Evaluation of Corvis ST tonometer with the updated software in glaucoma practice
Authors:   Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, El Venizelou 26 & Sina 2, Athens 10672, Greece, Halkiadakis Ioannis , Gryparis Alexandros ,   Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens 11528, Greece, Markopoulos Ioannis ,   Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, El Venizelou 26 & Sina 2, Athens 10672, Greece, Konstadinidou Vasiliki ,   Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, El Venizelou 26 & Sina 2, Athens 10672, Greece, Zintzaras Elias ,   Department of Biomathematics, University of Thessaly School of Medicine Larissa, Greece and Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Tzakos Michalis ,   Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, El Venizelou 26 & Sina 2, Athens 10672, Greece
Published: March 2022

AIM: To evaluate the agreement of biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (b-IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements obtained with the updated Corvis ST tonometer versus Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and optical-based corneal pachymetry (OB-CCT) in controls, patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Additionally, we examined the differences in corneal deformation parameters provided by the updated Corvis ST among the three groups.
METHODS: For each participant, GAT IOP, OB-CCT and measurements with a Corvis ST with updated software were obtained. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement between the two measurement methods.
RESULTS: A consecutive series of 80 eyes from 80 participants (30 with POAG, 25 with OHT and 25 normal controls) were included in this prospective study. The mean GAT IOP of all eyes was 17.2±3.6 mm Hg, and the mean b-IOP was 15.9±3.7 mm Hg (Spearman's rho=0.767, P<0.001). The 95% limits of agreement (LoAs) ranged from -3.1 mm Hg to 5.5 mm Hg for GAT IOP and b-IOP. b-IOP was not correlated with OB-CCT (Spearman's rho=-0.13 P=0.917). Meanwhile there was a weak positive corelation between OB-CCT and GAT IOP–b-IOP difference (Spearman's rho=0.378, P=0.001). The mean OB-CCT was 549.5±36.4 µm, and the Corvis-CCT was 556.1±41.5 µm (Spearman's rho=0.900, P<0.001). No statistically significant difference in the new indices provided by the updated Corvis ST was detected among the three groups. Compared with control eyes, POAG eyes had a significantly reduced applanation time 2 after adjusting for OB-CCT and GAT IOP (P=0.048).
CONCLUSION: Corvis b-IOP and CCT correlate well with GAT IOP and OB-CCT. b-IOP is not affected by CCT, which might be an advantage, especially in thick or thin corneas. Corvis ST yields shorter applanation time 2 measurements in patients with POAG, which might reflect altered corneal viscoelasticity.
Efficacy of intravitreal conbercept injection on short- and long-term macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Bai Jing-Yi , Dou Zhi-Zhi ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Geng Bo-Chao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Xu Xiao-Yan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Zhu Yuan-Zhang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Zhao Shan-Yao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Liu Min ,   The People's Hospital of Zoucheng City, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China, Jia Shao-You ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Luo Wen-Juan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Published: March 2022

AIM: To observe the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) repeatedly after the intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) for treating cystoid macular edema (CME) in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and explore the relationship between the duration of CME and visual outcome.
METHODS: Subgroup analysis was performed to compare short-term (within 90d of CME onset) and long-term (over 90d of CME onset) macular edema in BRVO. After an initial IVC, a pro re nata (PRN) strategy was performed according to the recurrence of CFT or decrease of BCVA. Analysis of variance using repeated measurements, statistical analysis following indicators including BCVA and CFT collected at baseline and 1, 3, and 6mo after IVC.
RESULTS: Among the 60 cases included in this retrospective study, 36 were short-term CME, and 24 were long-term CME. There were statistical significances between and within groups of the BCVAs at different time points (P<0.001). The interaction was found between group and time (P=0.006), indicating the difference in the speed of BCVA improvement between groups. In particular, the improvement speed of BCVA in the short-term CME group was faster than that in the long-term CME group. There were significant differences between and with groups of the CFT at different time points (P<0.001). However, the interaction between group and time in relation to CFT had no significant differences (P=0.59).
CONCLUSION: IVC treatment for CME following BRVO is effective and safe. The duration of CME before treatment is a significant predictor of the visual outcomes of patients with BRVO. The improvement of vision might be faster with early IVC treatment than with delayed treatment.
Three-dimensional diabetic macular edema thickness maps based on fluid segmentation and fovea detection using deep learning
Authors:   School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Xu Jing-Jing , Wei Qi-Jie ,   Visionary Intelligence Company Limited, Beijing 100872, China, Li Kang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciencies, Beijing 100730, China, Li Zhen-Ping ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciencies, Beijing 100730, China, Yu Tian ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciencies, Beijing 100730, China, Zhao Jian-Chun ,   Visionary Intelligence Company Limited, Beijing 100872, China, Ding Da-Yong ,   Visionary Intelligence Company Limited, Beijing 100872, China, Li Xi-Rong ,   Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China, Wang Guang-Zhi ,   School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Dai Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciencies, Beijing 100730, China
Published: March 2022

AIM: To explore a more accurate quantifying diagnosis method of diabetic macular edema (DME) by displaying detailed 3D morphometry beyond the gold-standard quantification indicator-central retinal thickness (CRT) and apply it in follow-up of DME patients.
METHODS: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of 229 eyes from 160 patients were collected. We manually annotated cystoid macular edema (CME), subretinal fluid (SRF) and fovea as ground truths. Deep convolution neural networks (DCNNs) were constructed including U-Net, sASPP, HRNetV2-W48, and HRNetV2-W48+Object-Contextual Representation (OCR) for fluid (CME+SRF) segmentation and fovea detection respectively, based on which the thickness maps of CME, SRF and retina were generated and divided by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid.
RESULTS: In fluid segmentation, with the best DCNN constructed and loss function, the dice similarity coefficients (DSC) of segmentation reached 0.78 (CME), 0.82 (SRF), and 0.95 (retina). In fovea detection, the average deviation between the predicted fovea and the ground truth reached 145.7±117.8 μm. The generated macular edema thickness maps are able to discover center-involved DME by intuitive morphometry and fluid volume, which is ignored by the traditional definition of CRT>250 μm. Thickness maps could also help to discover fluid above or below the fovea center ignored or underestimated by a single OCT B-scan.
CONCLUSION: Compared to the traditional unidimensional indicator-CRT, 3D macular edema thickness maps are able to display more intuitive morphometry and detailed statistics of DME, supporting more accurate diagnoses and follow-up of DME patients.
Effects of Vitamin D Serum Level on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Yiyun , Kung Janice , Cave Andrew , Banh Hoan Linh
Published: March 2022

Purpose: It has been shown that low Vitamin D serum concentration is associated with increased pneumonia and viral respiratory infections. Vitamin D is readily available, inexpensive, and easy to administer to subjects infected with COVID-19. If effective in reducing the severity of COVID-19, it could be an important and feasible therapeutic intervention. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine the effects of Vitamin D serum concentration on mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 patients. The primary objectives were to determine if Vitamin D serum concentration decrease mortality, ICU admissions, ventilator support, and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 3572 publications were identified. Ultimately, 20 studies are included. A total of 12,806 patients aged between 42 to 81 years old were analyzed. The pooled estimated RR for mortality, ICU admission, ventilator support and length of hospital stay were 1.49 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.65), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.67, 1.14), 1.29 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.84), and 0.84 (95% CI -0.45, 2.13). Conclusion: There is no statistical difference in mortality, ICU admission rate, ventilator support requirement, and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients with low and high Vitamin D serum concentration.
Hemostatic Agents in Orthodontics: a review
Authors: Rahni Majid Samaei , Hesam Arefi Arian
Published: March 2022

Introduction and aims: Loss of the bracket‒tooth bond is one of the most common complaints of patients during orthodontic treatment. Various factors play a role in preventing the loss of such a strong bond between the bracket and tooth, one of which is the maintenance of proper isolation and prevention of contamination of tooth surface with blood during the surgical exposure of the impacted tooth. In case of bleeding during disimpaction treatment, the use of hemostatic agents might decrease the odds of tooth surface contamination with blood, resulting in a strong bond. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different hemostatic agents on the bond between the bracket and tooth.
Materials and methods: Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant previous studies published from 2010 to 2020. These studies’ titles and abstracts were evaluated for inclusion criteria. In vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effect of hemostatic agents on the bracket‒tooth bond were included.
Results: Eight studies were included in the study based on inclusion criteria; five studies were in vitro, and two were in vivo; one study had both designs. Of in vitro studies evaluating the bond strength, five studies reported a higher bond strength in the control group than the group in which the tooth surfaces were contaminated with a hemostatic agent; besides, the bond strength in the hemostatic agent group was higher than that in the group in which the tooth surfaces were contaminated with blood. Of in vivo studies, two studies evaluated bracket failure as a criterion to evaluate bonding quality. In one of these studies, bracket failure in the control groups was more than the hemostatic agent group, and in the other study, it was more prevalent in the hemostatic agent group than the control groups. Studies comparing different hemostatic agents did not report any significant differences in bonding quality.
Conclusion: It appears that the use of hemostatic agents in disimpaction treatments can prevent contamination of tooth surface with blood, increasing the bond strength between the bracket and tooth; however, care should be exercised to prevent tooth surface contamination with hemostatic agents.
Czy pandemia Covid-19 zmieni spojrzenie na rolę państwa w gospodarce w warunkach kryzysu? Rozważania na tle dotychczasowych doświadczeń państw wysoko rozwiniętych
Authors: Urban Oskar
Published: March 2022

Will the COVID -19 pandemic change the outlook on the role of the state in the economy under crisis conditions? Considerations against the background of previous experience of highly developed countries Purpose: To answer the question of whether the COVID-19 pandemic will change the perspective on the role of the state in the economy under crisis conditions. Design/methodology/approach: A critical review of the literature on the role of the state in the economy, including its response to economic crises caused by various factors, was conducted. The achievements of various schools of economic thought were taken into account. The economic crises that occurred in the 20th century have been singled out. The most important actions taken by various states in the face of these crises are also presented. Findings: Views of the role of the state in the economy have been changing. The role of the state in the economy was viewed differently before the Great Depression of the 1930s and differently during it. There were clear disagreements about how the UK government responded to the crisis of the 1970s. Greater consensus on state interference in the economy was observed in response to the financial crisis that began in 2007. Countries with different political and economic systems reacted in a similar way to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality and value: The view of the role of the state in the economy is different depending on the values of the ruling party in a given country. The view also differs depending on the political system of the country and the prevailing (most popular) economic doctrine at a given time. Nevertheless, under conditions of economic crisis, the economic policy of states is characterized by increased intervention, regardless of the economic system in force in a given country. The reactions of governments to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed this observation.
Kryzysy i pandemie. Przegląd dotychczasowych współzależności
Authors: Bęben Wiktoria
Published: March 2022

Crises and pandemics. A review of past interdependencies Purpose: The purpose of the study is to review the interdependencies between past economic crises and epidemics and pandemics. Design/methodology/approach: A critical review of the literature on past economic crises and previous epidemics and pandemics faced by humanity was conducted. The development of the COVID-19 pandemic and the first actions taken by various countries to counter the spread of coronavirus were characterized. Findings: The COVID-19 pandemic is not the first global threat to human health and life worldwide. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has gradually spread to different parts of the world due to—at least initially—the high mobility of people. National governments have generally made similar decisions to limit the spread of the virus and mitigate the negative consequences of the pandemic. Originality and value: The chapter reminds us that people’s memory is short. The world has already faced diseases that threaten people in many parts of the world many times. Compared to previous pandemics, the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been so far small, and human mortality has been much lower than in the case of SARS and MERS viruses, although the territorial scope of the current pandemic is much wider than that of earlier ones.
Neutralność klimatyczna a interes Polski
Authors: Szajda Dominika
Published: March 2022

Climate neutrality and the Polish interest Purpose: The author aims to determine the estimated cost of adaptation of the Polish economy to a zero-emission energy system, taking into account the social aspect. Design/methodology/approach: The chapter shows that one of the causes of adverse climate change and increased air pollution in Poland is the increased burning of fossil fuels. It presents actions taken by international organizations to achieve climate neutrality. Against this background, Poland’s attitude towards the problem of ensuring climate neutrality of the economy is presented. The author looks at the problem of climate neutrality through the prism of the so-called social contract for the mining industry. This agreement takes into account the economic losses that the inhabitants of the Silesian Voivodeship will suffer in connection with this adaptation. The author assesses the legal feasibility of the miners’ demands. Findings: Poland should achieve climate neutrality by the early 2030s at the latest. Therefore, the hard coal mines should be already closed now rather than their extraction for each ton of raw material subsidized. In order to achieve climate neutrality it will be necessary to incur very large financial outlays, including for the safe closure of the mines and cash severance packages for the miners. The provisions of the social agreement for the mining industry are contrary to EU law and the climate goals set out in the so-called Paris Agreement. Originality and value: It was pointed out that Polish politicians have an ambivalent attitude towards the energy transition. They do not want to give up a strategic resource for Poland. Thus, they ignore the risks associated with the continued use of coal on a massive scale.
Escritório Modelo Interdisciplinar (EMI): Projeto Participativo no Bairro Nova York - Forquilhinha/SC
Authors: Vieira Jorge Luiz , Zancan Evelise Chemale , Rodrigues Vanildo
Published: March 2022

A interação do meio acadêmico com a comunidade desperta o senso crítico e coloca desafios para aplicação da criatividade e dos saberes teóricos e práticos adquiridos ao longo da formação universitária dos cursos de arquitetura e urbanismo e das engenharias. Nessa perspectiva, o Escritório Modelo Interdisciplinar de Assistência Técnica - EMI, que integra a estrutura do Programa Permanente de Extensão Habitat + Humano, Inclusivo e Sustentável - PEHIS, da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC, trabalha as atividades extensionistas interdisciplinares em parceria com instituições locais.O Estatuto da Cidade estabelece a possibilidade de cooperação entre os governos, a iniciativa privada e os demais setores da sociedade no processo de urbanização, em atendimento ao interesse social das cidades.O EMI tem por objetivo geral propor projetos colaborativos por meio da assistência técnica gratuita, no desenvolvimento de ações que envolvam entidades representativas das comunidades locais, instituições e a administração pública, para viabilizar projetos no campo da habitação de interesse social e de equipamentos comunitários. A experiência aqui apresentada compreende a realização de um projeto participativo de urbanização, arquitetura, paisagismo e engenharia de um complexo de equipamentos de cultura, esporte e lazer, sobre uma área de 2,18 ha, localizada no bairro Nova York, com raio de abrangência sobre os bairros Ouro Negro e Vila Franca, situados a leste do centro da cidade de Forquilhinha, e que somam cerca de 1.500 famílias.
Avaliação Pós-Ocupação das Condições de Acessibilidade Espacial em Ambientes Escolares
Authors: Antunes Elaine Pavei , Savi Aline Eyng , Medeiros Pedro Luiz Kestering , Fabre Haron Cardoso
Published: March 2022

A acessibilidade depende das condições ambientais e arquitetônicas que impedem ou facilitam o deslocamento para alcance da informação e o envolvimento nas atividades cotidianas. Neste sentido, trata-se de um dos fatores de inclusão dos indivíduos no processo de aprendizagem e no estabelecimento das relações sociais (DISCHINGER; et al, 2009). A acessibilidade espacial nas escolas e consequentemente, a inclusão escolar deveriam considerar as diferenças entre os alunos, implicando, entre outros, em escolas com infraestrutura ergonômica e operacional compatíveis com a capacidade de as diferenças diferirem, mas com efeito, alcançarem um modelo universal, com o mínimo de exclusões.
Physical Rehabilitation of Adolescents with Postural Disorders in the Sagittal Plane and its Relation to Neurophysiology
Authors: Voichyshyn Liliia , Golod Nataliya , Marchuk Oleksandr , Zastavna Olha , Chepurna Liudmyla , Rybalko Petro , Khomenko Serhii , Kuzmik Valentyna , Kolisnyk Serhiі , Babii Inna
Published: March 2022

The adolescents aged between 15 and 17 with postural disorders in the sagittal plane, who live in mountainous regions in the Carpathians, achieve less than their peers with similar postural disorders, who live in plain regions. The research aims to develop the comprehensive programme for correcting postural disorders in the sagittal plane among pupils, who live in mountainous regions in the Carpathians, using physical rehabilitation, and establish the links between empirical data of the experiment and neurosciences to develop methods of complex psychophysical and neurophysiological diagnostic and rehabilitation of adolescents with such disorders in further research. The research is based on a detailed observation of 319 adolescents aged between 15 and 17 from mountainous regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians and 94 pupils from plain regions with postural disorders in the sagittal plane. The research methods are the following: an analysis of the scientific and specialized literature; surveys and questionnaires; pedagogical tests; methods for determining the indicators of physical development, functional readiness and functions of the spine; methods of mathematical statistics, namely, the Ruffier-Dickson test, Otto test, Schober test, Thomayer test, Fleischmann test, Sedin test and spinal index, inclinometer measurements. The pupils who suffer from the stoop and round spine have shown a decrease in average values in the angles of lordosis and kyphosis curves; pupils who suffer from flat back – an increase in the angles of the sacral bone, lordosis and kyphosis curves; pupils who suffer from the round and concave back – a decrease in the angles of the sacral bone, lordosis and kyphosis curves. The implementation of the author’s programme for physical rehabilitation has made it possible to achieve a statistically significant improvement in most of the analyzed indicators. Finally, the article extrapolates the results of the experiment to their neurophysiological and neuromedical application in terms of enhancing anamnesis and taking into account post-correction data in subsequent medical treatment.
Neuropsychological Correction of Psychosomatic Disorders
Authors: Chystovska Yuliia , Bratanich Olha , Zhurakovskyi Ivan , Akopian Artur , Izvekova Olha
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes one of the effective methods of neuropsychological correction of psychosomatic disorders that arose as a result of nervous breakdown and under the influence of chronic stress. The interrelation between the influence of psychological factors and an inadequate emotional response to stress on the appearance of psychosomatic disorders is described. The classification of psychosomatic disorders, which include neurosis-like, conversion, somatomorphic and hypochondriacal disorders is considered. Some aspects of the action of the mechanism of emotional burnout, which is the cause of the appearance of a complex of symptoms of psychosomatic disorders are analyzed. Taking into account the individual neuropsychological (including characteristics of the encephalic asymmetry) and psychophysiological characteristics of the client with psychosomatic disorders, the neuropsychological correction of psychosomatic disorders is described. The most significant conditions for the neuropsychological correction of psychosomatic disorders are noted. A system of neuropsychological corrective measures has been drawn up for clients with emotional burnout, as a result of which psychosomatic disorders appear.
Impact of the Psychiatric Comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Anghel Lucretia , Stefanescu Bogdan Ioan , Patras Diana , Baroiu Liliana , Stefanopol Ioana Anca , Ciubara Anamaria
Published: March 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of death with a significant impact on the quality of life and mental health of the patients as well as on the health system. The social costs of COPD are significant, because this pathology has a negative impact on patients's professional performance and daily activity. The major risk factors for COPD are age and smoking. Extrapulmonary comorbidities are frequently associated with COPD and may have an influence on the symptoms severity, and the frequency of the exacerbations, hospitalizations and mortality. Psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety and depression, have been observed in clinical trials with an increased prevalence of COPD. The relationship between anxiety, depression and COPD is complex. Psychiatric pathology is involved in influencing the pathophysiology of COPD with a proven impact on the patient's prognosis. COPD sleep disorders can aggravate pre-existing psychiatric pathology, the relationship between the two pathologies being bidirectional. The aim of this paper is to review the latest clinical trials on the existing evidence of psychiatric comorbidities impact on the evolution and prognosis of COPD and the therapeutic alternatives for their improvement. The conclusion of the present study is that anxiety and depression should be periodically assessed by a multidisciplinary team in order to provide a complete management (pharmacological, pulmonary rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral therapy), improving the patient's quality of life and prognosis.
Internet Addiction and the Postpartum Depression in Pandemic
Authors: Stan Beatris-Cela , Elkan Eva-Maria , Papuc Ana-Maria , Voinescu Doina Carina , Ciubara Anamaria
Published: March 2022

The addiction on internet is spread on the hole globe and include all the age and social gourps. Postpartum depression is caused as also accelerated and magnified in many cases in situations of isolation (social, medical, living, professional). The own perception about isolation varies from person to person and the consequences are depending on the degree of frustration which some deprivation are inducing it. The mother has the sensation of unjustice of the destiny, that she deserves on a certain plan something more and this dissatisfaction will lead her to be to upset, worried, undecided, anxious and ashamed, helplessness and finally depressed. The spectrum of the postpartum depression is extended up to demisive behavior (abandonment of the job, career, extended family, friends and even the husband) in many cases because of the fear not to be accepted or not to upset the others.The difficulties encountered bu the investigators and the therapists it consists precisely in the fact that it is needed to define correct and concrete this subjective experiences and also to measure them and to correlate them with the actions and the evaluated consequences of the patients actions. The bet with destiny which the woman made it many times, she tries in the moment of depression that she has lost, and just her baby can become the existential motivation to go further and this happens often to mothers with a psychovulnerabilizant family hystory and there are situations in which this assumption seems to look very bad for the women and so the women tries to argue and to justify some of her behaviors.This hard journey form denial to awareness and afterhtat assumption and reconciliation can be traversed with specialised help focused focused on the mother who wants to manage her past in a new setting.
Psychological and Legal Aspects of Verification and Detection of Lies during Polygraph Examination
Authors: Blikhar Viacheslav , Zaiats Olga , Pavliuk Nataliia , Kalka Nataliya
Published: March 2022

The article examines the features of verification and detection of lies and the definition of their features in the process of polygraph examination. Detection of lies is associated with the experience of certain emotions, the mechanisms of functioning of which ensure the organization of the relationship between true and false answers during testing using the technical means of computer polygraph and are accompanied by physiological reactions. In a computerized polygraph test, a test taker analyzes and evaluates the risks of concealing false information or the possibility of confirming it and exposing it as false. The effectiveness of information concealment depends on its ability to reveal and control a specific picture of one’s own physiological reactions when answering the questions, which are then evaluated by a polygraph examiner. Instrumental detection during polygraph testing should aim to obtain information, avoiding ambiguity, doubt, assumptions, and subjective association with an adequate reflection of reality. Undoubtedly, there is information that characterizes certain actions performed by a person, which he/she interprets and submits in the form of a true or false answer to a question evaluated by a polygraph examiner. The effectiveness of methods of detection and verification of lies depends on the qualification of the polygraph specialist, taking into account the individual characteristics of each test case, as well as the subtleties and details of the event being studied, features of psychophysiological reactions of the person being examined, namely the type of nervous system, external and internal factors that significantly influence the result of the examination. The conducted empirical research made it possible to describe the features of the group of people in whom lies were detected during polygraph testing. Such individuals showed high rates of adaptability, but low rates of neuropsychological stability. Among the personal qualities a high level of manifestation on such scales as "reactive aggression", "spontaneous aggression", "irritability", "shyness", "openness", "extraversion-introversion" can be distinguished.
Adolescents during the Pandemic. Difficulties and Adaptive Strategies
Authors: Vladislav Elena Otilia , Marc Gabriela , Pop Ovidiu Pop , Paica Corina-Ioana , Iordachescu Diana-Antonia
Published: March 2022

This paper is a scientific research conducted during the alert state on a sample of 450 adolescents. The main aim of the study is to identify the socio-emotional difficulties of adolescents and the adaptive ways they use during crisis situations, such as the coronavirus pandemic. The research questions refer on the one hand to the concerns about the pandemic context and the possibility of infection, social activities, the online school curriculum, and on the other hand to the association between clinical and adaptive variables and coping mechanisms, as well as coping strategies that are predictors of adaptive scales and moderators that are key to understanding adolescents' condition. The results indicate that the use of functional strategies, such as support strategies, in which support, social relationships and emotional adjustment predominate, can stimulate increased self-confidence in the context of the pandemic. In fact, the results support the relationship with parents and social support in times of crisis.
Loneliness Experienced by People with Chemical Addiction: its Characteristics
Authors: Yakovytska Lada , Synyshyna Viktoriia , Pashko Tetiana , Parfanovych Ivanna , Kocharian Aleksandr , Barinova Nataliia
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, people can feel completely lonely, even being in different forms of relationships. The article uses the principles and categories of a systemic approach to view loneliness as the only system whose integrity is ensured by the fact that the experience of loneliness depends on the interaction of psychological components (emotional, behavioural, motivational-volitional). Feeling constant pressure of negative feelings, related to loneliness, one can depart from reality by taking various narcotic substances, which is very common today. Psychological methods were used to study psychological components of loneliness experience among people with chemical addiction. Importantly, the article should solve the following applied tasks: to analyze structural elements of loneliness experience among people with chemical addiction; to describe the internal structure of loneliness experience among people with chemical addiction. A detailed analysis of the obtained data has proved the importance of emotional-axiological and behavioural components of loneliness experience among people with chemical addiction. Their perception of such an experience is associated with a lack of close relationships and good communication skills, so they tend to be alone. Furthermore, the obtained results suggest that the prevailing dissociated type of loneliness among people with chemical addiction is caused by one’s feeling of loneliness, alienation and, thus, anxiety.