bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural changes of injured sciatic nerve after neurosurgical reconstruction and long-term electrostimulation in rabbits
Authors:   State Institution Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Petriv Taras ,   LLC “Mediacal Biotechnology Company” Hemafund”, Kyiv Ukraine,   QR Health Solutions, Kyiv, Ukraine, Daoud Almhairat Raft Mohammad ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vorody Milan ,   State Institution Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Luzan Boris ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsymbaliuk Yulia ,   State Institution Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vaslovych Viktorya , Malysheva Tetyana ,   State Institution Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsymbaliuk Vitaliy ,   National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Peripheral nerve injury is an extremely important problem during the war in Ukraine. In the overall pattern of injury, 5% of patients have peripheral nerve injuries and 1% have brachial plexus injuries. Under conditions of hostilities, this indicator increases to 70% or more. The victims are mainly young people of working age, which indicates the great medical and socio-economic significance of the problem. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 28 rabbits Group 1 (n=7): suture of the sciatic nerve and implantation of the non-working antenna of the electrical stimulation device. Group 2 (n=7): sciatic nerve suture + implantation of an electric stimulator antenna in the same route as in group 1 and the beginning of stimulation on the 2nd day. Group 3 (n=7): sciatic nerve suture + implantation of an electric stimulator antenna in the same route as in group 1 and the beginning of stimulation 3 weeks after operation, when the first signs of regeneration occurred. Group 4 (n=7): autograft of the sciatic nerve + implantation of an electric stimulator antenna and the beginning of stimulation at a time point that will coincide with the beginning of signs of reinnervation of the effector muscle. Сontrol of regeneration was carried out in 12 weeks. The axial cylinder (AC) diameter, myelin thickness (MS) and MS/AC ratio were analyzed using electron mycroscopy. Results. It was showed a statistically significant increase of AC and MS indicators in the study group 2 relatively to comparison group 1, respectively, by 1.8 and 1.75 times. The increase of AC and MS in group 2, relatively to the comparison group and a visual decrease at the ultrastructural level of the number of destructively changed myelin sheaths (strengthening of reparative and regenerative processes) were detected. Conclusion. Therefore, long-term invasive electrostimulation of the damaged peripheral nerve has a positive effect on the regeneration of the neuromuscular complex.
Structural basis of the American mink ACE2 binding by Y453F trimeric spike glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Liang Bo , Ahn Hyunjun , Calderon Brenda M. , Fan Xiaoyu , Gao Yunrong , Horgan Natalie L. , Jiang Nannan , Blohm Dylan S. , Hossain Jaber , Rayyan Nicole Wedad K. , Osman Sarah H. , Lin Xudong , Currier Michael , Steel John , Wentworth David E. , Zhou Bin
Published: July 2023

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the
host cell by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). While
evolutionarily conserved, ACE2 glycoproteins differ across various
species and differential interactions with Spike (S) glycoproteins of
SARS-CoV-2 viruses impact species specificity. Reverse zoonoses led to
SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on multiple American mink ( Mustela vison)
farms during the pandemic and gave rise to mink-associated S
substitutions known for transmissibility between mink and zoonotic
transmission to humans. In this study, we used bio-layer interferometry
(BLI) to discern the differences in binding affinity between multiple
human and mink-derived S glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2 and their
respective ACE2 glycoproteins. Further, we conducted a structural
analysis of a mink variant S glycoprotein and American mink ACE2
(mvACE2) using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), revealing four
distinct conformations. We discovered a novel intermediary conformation
where the mvACE2 glycoprotein is bound to the receptor-binding domain
(RBD) of the S glycoprotein in a “down” position, approximately 34°
lower than previously reported “up” RBD. Finally, we compared residue
interactions in the S-ACE2 complex interface of S glycoprotein
conformations with varying RBD orientations. These findings provide
valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry.
Experimental evidence for adaptive divergence in response to a warmed habitat reveals roles for morphology, allometry, and parasite resistance
Authors: Smith Bethany , Costa Ana , Kristjánsson Bjarni , Parsons Kevin
Published: July 2023

Ectotherms are expected to be particularly vulnerable to climate change
driven increases in temperature. Understanding how populations adapt to
novel thermal environments will be key for informing mitigation plans.
We took advantage of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
populations inhabiting adjacent geothermal (warm) and ambient (cold)
habitats to test whether their evolutionary divergence was adaptive
using field reciprocal transplant experiment. We found evidence for
adaptive morphological divergence, as growth (length change) in the
non-native habitat was found to relate to head, posterior and total body
shape. Higher growth in fish transplanted to a non-native habitat was
found to be associated with shape profiles closer to that of the native
fish. The consequences of transplantation were asymmetric with cold
sourced fish transplanted to the warm habitat suffering from lower
survival rates and greater parasite prevalence than warm sourced fish
transplanted to the cold habitat. We also found evidence for divergent
shape allometries that related to growth. Our findings suggest that wild
populations can adapt quickly to thermal conditions. However, immediate
transitions to warmer conditions may be particularly difficult.
Long-term partial organic fertilizers substitution increased soil nitrogen availability by mediating nitrogen mineralization and soil environment in the rubber plantation
Authors: Xu Wenxian , Liu Wenjie , Jiang Yamin , Sun Rui , Guo Xinwei , Luo Wei , Yang Qiu , Wu Zhixiang , Fang Mengyang
Published: July 2023

Understanding the impact of long-term partial substitution of chemical
nitrogen fertilizer with organic fertilizers (partial organic
fertilizers substitution) on soil nitrogen components, mineralization,
and availability is necessary to foresee nitrogen (N) dynamics. The
present study was conducted a long-term field experiment to investigate
the effect of 12 years of fertilizer application on soil nutrient
concentrations, enzymatic activities, and N mineralization in a rubber
plantation. Treatments included: unfertilized as control (CK), 100%
recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (CF), and integrated application
of 50% chemical and 50% organic fertilizer (cow manure) (CF+M). The
soil physicochemical properties, including total nitrogen (TN) and six
labile N components (microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), particulate
organic nitrogen (PON), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), light fraction
organic nitrogen (LFON)), ammonium nitrogen (NH -N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO -N); five soil enzymes (urease (UE), leucine
aminopeptidase (LAP), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), Acid phosphatase
activity (AcP), and β-1,4-Glucosidase (BG)), and soil organic
nitrogen mineralization were determined. Compared with CF, CF+M
treatment significantly increased soil pH, TN, MBN, LFON, DON, PON, NH
-N, NO -N, organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP),
available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) concentrations,
while significantly decreased the soil bulk density (BD) and the
proportion of soil silt and clay particles. In 0-20 cm soil layer, CF+M
treatment significantly decreased the activities of BG but increased
AcP. Meanwhile, CF+M treatment significantly increased the NAG and LAP
activities in the topsoil layer and UE activities in the subsoil layer.
CF+M treatment had high cumulative mineral N production (N
) and N mineralization potential (N )
but were low net soil N ammonification rates (Net N ),
net soil N nitrification rates (Net N ), and net soil
N mineralization rates (Net N ) than CF. The
piecewiseSEM analysis showed that 99% of the variation in N
and 97% of N were explained, with
TN and it’s labile components and soil physicochemical properties being
the most important direct influencing factor for N and
Net N , respectively. Conclusively, partial organic
fertilizers substitution could facilitate N availability and soil N
supply capacity by affecting soil organic N mineralization and improving
soil environmental condition of the rubber plantation. These results
suggest that the combine application of chemical fertilizer and manure
is a useful management practice and provide theoretical guidance and
scientific basis for rational fertilization of rubber plantations in the
tropics.
By stimulating soil microbes, grazing threatens the ecosystem function of alpine meadows
Authors: Wei Lin , wang yalin , li na , guo tongqing , xu xianli , zhao na , xu shixiao
Published: July 2023

The geographical environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is complex,
and there are a large number of poor environmental conditions of
pastures, such pastures are limited by the terrain, and the change of
grassland function after grazing may be different from that of
well-grown pastures. Grazing causes changes in soil physical and
chemical properties and soil microbial characteristics and increases
soil carbon release in grazed grasslands, which could trigger a positive
feedback and threaten the soil carbon function of grazed grasslands. It
is therefore necessary to investigate the grazing response of such
pastures. Early observations focused on grazing, and observations of
different types of grazing and grazing management concluded that
insufficient attention had been paid to the effects of environmental
constraints on vegetation growth and grazing response. Based on the
systematic observation of the response of soil characteristics and soil
microbial biomass to grazing gradient in a natural alpine meadow on the
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the changes in soil ecosystem response to grazing
and their correlations are discussed in this paper. The results showed
that: 1) environmental conditions, especially the soil environment,
significantly influence the response of alpine meadow ecosystems to
grazing; 2) SOM is the main controlling factor in the soil material
cycle, controlling both aboveground vegetation growth and belowground
microbial biomass; 3) grazing increases the activity of soil
microorganisms by initiating the microbial stimulation effect, thereby
accelerating the consumption of soil nutrients and increasing CO2
release, while creating nutrient competition with aboveground
vegetation, which is an important factor causing vegetation degradation,
and the continuous increase of the microbial stimulation effect will
also weaken the soil carbon sequestration function; 4) in actual
production, light grazing is the best choice for alpine meadows in areas
with poor growing environment.
Evaluating CMIP6 Models for climate impact assessments in Chile
Authors: Gateño Felipe , Mendoza Pablo A. , Vásquez Nicolás A. , Jiménez Héctor , Jerez Catalina , Lagos-Zúñiga Miguel , Vargas Ximena , Rubio-Álvarez Eduardo Alberto , Montserrat Santiago
Published: July 2023

We propose a framework to assess monthly GCM precipitation and
temperature simulations with the aim of achieving robust annual and
seasonal climatic projections. The approach is based on a Past
Performance Index (PPI) inspired by the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) and
accounts for climatological averages, interannual variability, seasonal
cycle, monthly probabilistic distribution and spatial patterns of
climatological means. The PPI formulation is flexible enough to include
additional evaluation metrics and weight them differently, enabling the
diagnostics and classification of GCMs in a simple diagram that shows
the joint performance for precipitation and temperature. We demonstrate
the utility of this approach to evaluate 27 CMIP6 models and constrain
the spread of projections in five regions with very different climates
across continental Chile. We also examine the degree of correspondence
between the ensemble of models classified as ‘satisfactory’ based on the
PPI and the capability of GCMs to reproduce teleconnection responses to
El Niño Southern Oscillation and the Southern Annular Mode. The results
show that the approach is useful to discriminate models that do not
reproduce the seasonal precipitation cycle and to narrow the spread of
projected annual and seasonal changes. The best models, according to the
PPI, do not necessarily overlap with those that replicate historically
observed teleconnections, suggesting that the latter criterion
complements our GCM assessment framework. Finally, we show that model
features that can be improved through bias correction can be excluded
from the model evaluation process to avoid culling models that reproduce
historically observed teleconnections.
Hydrological conditions control dissolved organic matter dynamics along a peatland headwater boreal stream
Authors: Prijac Antonin , Gandois Laure , Taillardat Pierre , Garneau Michelle
Published: July 2023

Hydrological conditions (i.e., high-flow versus low-flow) in peatland
drainage streams influence both the quantity of dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) exports and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition. Yet, our
knowledge on DOM fate after exports from the peatland remains limited
while this highly reactive component sustains emissions and exports of
carbon dioxide (CO2) from streams through degradation processes. The
present study demonstrates the relationships between DOM composition
evolution and catchment hydrological conditions along a 3 km long
headwater stream running through a boreal peatland, from its source to
the outlet. Our results show that hydrological conditions significantly
influenced DOM composition evolution along the stream. DOM exported
during high-flow conditions presented a composition similar to peat
porewater in terms of DOC:DON ratio and aromaticity, but a lower average
molecular weight, indicating preferential exports of low molecular
weight DOM recently produced in the acrotelm. The DOM composition
changed little along the stream during high-flow as it was rapidly
flushed downstream. During low-flow conditions, DOM composition evolved
along the stream in contrast to high-flow with a strong increase in DOM
aromaticity and molecular weight along the stream. These changes were
significantly correlated to the water residence time in the stream and
to the estimated proportion of mineralized DOC to total DOC flux
exported at the stream outlet. These results highlight the importance of
hydrological conditions on DOM dynamics as DOM was locally mineralized
during low-flow conditions, when DOC exports were low, while
mineralization processes happened downstream under high-flow conditions
which favored important DOC exports.
No difference in the use of revision components and rerevision rate in conversion to total knee replacement following Oxford Partial Knee Microplasty Instrumentation: a registry study of 529 conversions
Authors: Van Langeveld Stephan J , Janssen Stein J , Koenraadt Koen L M , Van den Hout Joost A A M , Van Steenbergen Liza N , Van Geenen Rutger C I
Published: July 2023

Background and purpose: Microplasty Instrumentation was introduced to improve Oxford Mobile Partial Knee placement and preserve tibial bone in partial knee replacement (PKR). This might therefore reduce revision complexity. We aimed to assess the difference in use of revision total knee replacement (TKR) tibial components in failed Microplasty versus non-Microplasty instrumented PKRs.Patients and methods: Data on 529 conversions to TKR (156 Microplasty instrumented and 373 non-Microplasty instrumented PKRs) from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) between 2007 and 2019 was used. The primary outcome was the difference in use of revision TKR tibial components during conversion to TKR, which was calculated with a univariable logistic regression analysis. The secondary outcomes were the 3-year re-revision rate and hazard ratios calculated with Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses.Results: Revision TKR tibial components were used in 29% of the conversions to TKR after failed Microplasty instrumented PKRs and in 24% after failed non-Microplasty instrumented PKRs with an odds ratio of 1.3 (CI 0.86–2.0). The 3-year re-revision rates were 8.4% (CI 4.1–17) after conversion to TKR for failed Microplasty and 11% (CI 7.8–15) for failed non-Microplasty instrumented PKRs with a hazard ratio of 0.77 (CI 0.36–1.7).Conclusion: There was no difference in use of revision tibial components for conversion to TKR or in re-revision rate after failed Microplasty versus non-Microplasty instrumented PKRs nor in the 3-year revision rate.
Revision risk of salvage compared with acute total hip arthroplasty following femoral neck fracture: an analysis from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Schmitz Peter P , Hannink Gerjon , Somford Matthijs P , Schreurs B Willem , Van Susante Job L C
Published: July 2023

Background and purpose: There is no consensus on the treatment of patients with femoral neck fractures between internal fixation (IF) or directly treated with a total hip arthroplasty (fracture-THA) in particular for the age group 60–70 years. Failure of IF is not uncommon, resulting in salvage total hip arthroplasty (salvage-THA). The aim of our study was to compare revision rates of salvage-THA with fracture-THA and osteoarthritis (OA)-THA.Patients and methods: Revision rates and reasons for revision were compared. Data collected in the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) between 2007 and 2018 was used. The study included 4,310 salvage-THAs, 12,159 fracture-THAs, and 274,147 OA-THAs. We performed Kaplan–Meier survival analyses and Cox regression to evaluate THA survival.Results: No statistically significant difference in revision rates between salvage-THAs and fracture-THAs was found (HR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7–1.3) whereas the revision rate was higher compared with OA-THAs (HR 1.3, CI 1.0–1.5). The 5-year revision rate was 5.0% (CI 4.4–5.8) in salvage-THAs, 4.5% (CI 4.1–5.0) in fracture-THAs, and 3.1% (CI 3.0–3.2) in OA-THAs. A higher revision rate for infection was found in salvage-THAs in comparison with fracture-THAs (HR 1.6, CI 1.0–2.3).Conclusion: We found no difference in revision rates for salvage-THAs compared with fracture-THAs. The risk of revision for infection was higher for salvage-THA.
How much do you need to survive? Minimal nutritional levels to complete the development on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Cozzer Gilberto Dinis , Sendeski Lara Thiago , Dal Magro Jacir , Albeny-Simões Daniel , Souza Rezende Renan
Published: July 2023

Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae develop in various aquatic microhabitats, including water-holding tires, cups and bottles. These environments may vary in nutritional characteristics, an important factor for the development of larvae and resulting adult mosquitoes. Compromised larval nutrition can result in developmental failure or affect the growth and reproductive capacity of adults. Understanding these nutritional necessities can help optimize the laboratory rearing of mosquitoes. We tested the effects of sixteen (0, 0.0013, 0.0033, 0.0066, 0.0133, 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 2 g/L) different food concentration treatments of Spirulina Alcon® larval diet on larval survival and life history characteristics of Ae. aegypti. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions, with a temperature of 27 ± 2ºC, relative humidity of 70–80 % and a photoperiod of 12:12 h. A total of 623 (43.26 %) of the initial 1440 Ae. aegypti individuals died during the experiment. Survival curves differed significantly among food concentration treatments (Chi-Square Test = 1271, df = 15, p < 0.001). The concentrations of 0.025 (60/66.66 %) and 0.03 g/L (67/74.45 %) had the lowest survival rates and 0.15 g/L (76/84.45 %) the highest. The concentrations of 0.025 and 0.03 g/L had the shortest larval development times (8.80; 8.86 days) and longevity (9.95; 8.70 days), but adult sizes were smallest for 0.025 (3.00 mm) and largest for 0.03 (3.15 mm). The concentration of 0.15 g/L had the longest larval development time (9.59 days) and longevity (12.41 days), with intermediate adult size (3.09 mm). Laboratory survival rates for Ae. aegypti are generally associated with high mortality on low-quality and low-quantity of resources. Nutritional stress was found to impair larval development, as well as adult size and longevity. Analyzing responses to different feeding regimes is important for understanding the main mechanisms involved in larval development and the requirements for optimizing mosquito rearing systems.
Manifestações não canônicas no Corpus Christi medieval lisboeta em O Monge de Cister, de Alexandre Herculano
Authors: Nery Antonio Augusto , Soczek Mendes Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877), escritor e historiador português, é conhecido como o introdutor do romance histórico em língua portuguesa, sendo que tal forma romanesca já era muito cultivada, por exemplo, em França e Inglaterra. O autor teve a preocupação com a pormenorização de dados históricos e descrições de conjuntos arquitetônicos, ritos e indumentárias para melhor ambientar as suas narrativas no passado. Contudo, essas descrições também eram maneiras de refletir acerca do tempo presente de suas publicações, bem como sobre o futuro de Portugal. Analisamos, neste estudo, alguns excertos da procissão medieval de Corpus Christi, descrita em “O Monge de Cister ou a época de D. João I” (1848), romance ambientado no século XIV. Verificamos como são representadas as manifestações populares em um cortejo de uma festa oficial do calendário litúrgico católico a fim de compreender o porquê de o narrador se demorar tanto em pormenorizações de um préstito – em uma longa digressão narrativa – e qual a relação desse relato com o período de publicação. Para tanto, dialogamos, sobretudo, com os trabalhos de José Mattoso (1993), Mikhail Bakhtin (2010), Peter Burke (2013) e Rui Ferreira (2017).
Foreword July 2023
Authors: JGE Editor
Published: July 2023

Foreword July 2023
Factors Influencing Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Post-Natal Women in Selected Primary Health Centers in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adeteye Damilola E. , Ndikom Chizoma M. , Akinwaare Margaret O. , Dosunmu Taiwo O.
Published: July 2023

Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness is a strategic intervention to achieve a reduction in the rate of maternal mortality. However, despite the importance and ease of use of this intervention, it has been observed that several factors have hindered the practice. Hence, the need to consider the knowledge, attitude, practice, and factors that influences Birth preparedness and Complication readiness among post-natal women. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study used a multi-stage sampling technique to select 116 post-natal women in selected primary health centers in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo state. An adapted structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice and factors influencing the practice of birth preparedness and complication readiness. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the social science (SPSS) version 21.0 software. Descriptive data were presented as frequency and percentages while the chi-square test was used to test the hypotheses at P value < 0.05. Result: The majority of respondents were highly knowledgeable (86.2%). The respondents had a positive attitude towards birth preparedness and complication readiness (75%). The practice level was high among the respondents (71.6%). However, the factors that influenced practice were lack of adequate knowledge (X2=4.578, P =0.032), pre-mature delivery (X2=19.929, P=0.000) and environmental insecurities (X2=6.556, P=0.010). Conclusion: There is a relationship between factors (lack of adequate knowledge, premature delivery and environmental insecurities) and the practice of birth preparedness and complication readiness. Hence, measures should be employed to address the identified factors to improve the practice of birth preparedness and complication readiness.
Island Modernity: Jamaican Urbanism and Architecture, Kingston, 1960-1980
Authors: Pigou-Dennis Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

This paper explores peripheral modernity in the island of Jamaica. Jamaica’s self-perception of being an island, as evidenced in texts and imagery, is not one that is peripheral, bounded, limited, small, or isolated. The trope of islandness, of interest to travellers and tourists, has been expressed both visually and textually, but it centers on being a tropical location as opposed to islandness per se. Although there has been a practical, literary and visual connection with the sea, the sea has not been portrayed as a separator but

rather as a conduit and connector, no different from a continental coast. The process of modernization of Kingston, the island’s capital and main port city, strongly reflects this ‘un-islanded’ or ‘continental’ self-perception, challenging the notion of peripheral modernity. Kingston was not imagined as a periphery at all by those who embraced and implemented the modernization project. This was so even while Kingston’s hinterland, during the period under study (1960-1980), was largely rural, under-developed and poor. Kingston’s geographical position, as a mainland port on a relatively large island, by Caribbean standards, facilitated the imagining and implementing of modernity following continental models. These

arguments are built on an examination of the separate but interconnected ideas and practices of architect Wilson Chong, and the architectural firm Shankland Cox, using technical reports

and periodical articles as primary sources.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROAD TRAFFIC INJURIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF REGIONAL CITY
Authors: Huriev S.O. , Kushnir V.A. , Grebeniuk V.I. , Biltsan O.V.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study – to determine and form clinical and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injures as a medical and social phenomenon in a regional city.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 242 cases of injured people due to motor vehicle accidents who were treated in the emergency hospital of Chernivtsi from 2019 to 2020 was conducted. The array of the study exceeds the variables of necessary and sufficient, which was determined according to the law of large numbers. The array of the study is formed by the method of irreversible randomization according to the random number methodology from the total number of about 5000 injured people. Results. The study found that 66.12 % of males are traumatized because of road accidents. The survival rate in both gender groups is similar to that in the total study array of 86.36 %. In the age groups under 70, there is significant predominance of victims with a positive outcome and a tendency to a slight decrease in the proportion of such victims by age. In the result group with a negative traumatic process, 39.40 % of pedestrians are ranked first in terms of proportion; 27.27 % of drivers have the lowest rate. Among males, drivers are most often injured (42.50 %), and among females, passengers are most often injured (43.90 %).

 

The occurrence of a road traffic injury and the outcome of the traumatic process are influenced by age, gender, and participation in traffic.

 

Conclusions. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injuries in a regional city is a rather complex component of the general characteristics of road traffic injuries as a phenomenon.

 

The findings of the analysis of gender and age features of the large array of victims due to road traffic accidents in a regional city indicate the predominance of male victims (66.12 %), of working age 21-60 years old (64.05 %), which is the important characteristics of the medical and social phenomenon of road traffic injuries.

It was found that drivers and passengers are most often injured (36.36 % each category), which determines a certain risk of injury depending on participation in traffic, but pedestrians have the highest risk of negative outcome of the traumatic process (39.40 %). The correlation between age and participation in traffic in the formation of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injuries in a regional city was established. The influence of clinical and epidemiological characteristics, such as age, gender, and signs of participation in traffic on the result of victims’ traumatic process was determined. Moreover, the characteristics of this impact require further verification.
MONOTONIZATION OF CHILDREN’S DIET AS A FACTOR OF VIOLATION OF THE MICRONUTRIENT BALANCE
Authors: Sorokman N.V. , Popelyuk N.O.
Published: July 2023

Nutrition ensures the normal development of children, contributes to the prevention of diseases,prolongs life and creates conditions for adequate adaptation of the body to the environment.Aim – to evaluate the food rations of children and adolescents according to the qualitativeand quantitative composition of macro- and micronutrients.Material and methods. 159 children and adolescents who kept a food diary for 1 weekwere selected by the method of simple randomization. The daily consumption of macroand basic micronutrients (F, Zn, Cu, I, Fe, Mg, Ca, P, Se) was evaluated.Results. Of the five main food groups in the diet, cereals and grains dominated (60.0 %),fruits and vegetables accounted for only 25.1 %, meat and poultry – 9.4 %, eggs – 2.9 %,fish and fish products only 2.6 %, other products – 2.9 %. In children aged 11-15 years,a decrease in the caloric content of daily rations, proteins and complex carbohydrateswas registered. In children aged 16-18 years, the caloric content of the diet was higherdue to the excess of carbohydrates. The daily content of calcium, magnesium, iron andphosphorus did not differ from the normative values, while the content of iodine, selenium,copper and zinc did not correspond to their daily norm.Conclusions. 1. Unbalanced and polydeficiency nutrition of children and adolescentsdue to monotonization of the diet, excess caloric content in adolescence has beenestablished. 2. The diet of children and adolescents is deformed due to the predominanceof carbohydrate- containing foods and a decrease in protein- containing foods, a shortageof vegetables and fruits, a high content of sweets and sweetened water. 3. Both boys andgirls of school and teenage age are found to be deficient in copper, iodine, zinc, andselenium in diet, and in adolescent girls, there is also iron deficiency, which can affecttheir health, physical and intellectual development.
CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF THE TREATMENT OF DIFFICULT TEMPORARY TEETH ERUPTION IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia, Kiselnikova L.P. , Tsarev V.N. ,   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia, Podporin M.S. ,   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia, Balafendieva F.M. ,   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2023

Eruption of temporary teeth in children is accompanied by a wide range of undesirable local and general manifestations and the changes in the oral cavity microbiocenosis. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effectiveness of the use of topical drugs in the syndrome of difficult temporary teeth eruption in children. Materials and methods used: 120 children aged 5 months to 2 years old randomly distributed into 3 groups of 40 with difficulties in the eruption of temporary teeth. For the studied period of eight days all of the children have been receiving drugs to relieve unwanted symptoms in case of difficult eruption of temporary teeth: Dantinorm Baby by BOIRON, France, CALGEL Teething Gel by GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, UK/Poland, and Viburgel by Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbH, Germany. The dental status was carried out according to the PMA index; the state of the oral cavity microbiocenosis was assessed as well. Results: the gums’ PMA index after the course of Dantinorm Baby corresponded to mild degree of gingivitis, whilst both CALGEL Teething Gel and Viburgel had corresponded to the moderate degree. Against the background of the drug use the ratio between cariogenic and periodontopathogenic groups of the microbiota shifted towards the predominance of stabilizing species such as S. salivarius, S. sanguis, Corynebacterium spp. and Veillonella parvula in the group 1 versus the use of the drugs in the groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: clinical efficacy of the Dantinorm Baby drug in difficult temporary teeth eruption was higher, was accompanied by stabilization of oral microbiocenosis in children.
An Equal Match: Simultaneous vs. Sequential Methods in Face Testimony Accuracy
Authors: Rahayu Yusti Probowati , Hartoko Kevin , Ajuni  , Wirawan Hillman
Published: July 2023

The number of crimes in Indonesia has increased since 2014. In each crime, there are usually witnesses who testify. Witnesses are important in every process, starting from investigation, prosecution, and trial. There are two methods commonly used in the process of identifying facial testimony, namely the simultaneous method and the sequential method. This study is a quantitative experimental research study that aims to determine differences in the accuracy of testimonies using the simultaneous and sequential methods, with undergraduate students as participants. The results of the cross-tabulation of the accuracy of testimony using the simultaneous and sequential methods (p = .335; p > .05) showed that the accuracy of the testimony was not affected. Correlation tests were also performed on the accuracy of testimony and confidence using the biserial point correlation test. Correlation test results (r = .051; p > .05) show that eyewitness’ confidence is not related to the accuracy of testimony.

 

Jumlah tindak kejahatan di Indonesia meningkat sejak tahun 2014. Pada tiap tindak kejahatan biasanya terdapat saksi yang memberikan kesaksian. Saksi adalah penting dalam setiap proses, mulai dari penyidikan, penuntutan, dan pengadilan. Terdapat dua metode yang umum digunakan saat proses identifikasi kesaksian wajah, yaitu metode simultaneous dan metode sequential. Studi ini merupakan studi penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keakuratan kesaksian dengan metode simultaneous dan metode sequential, dengan partisipan mahasiswa dan mahasiswi program sarjana. Hasil tabulasi silang keakuratan kesaksian dengan metode simultaneous dan metode sequential (p = 0,335; p > 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa keakuratan kesaksian tidak dipengaruhi oleh kedua metode. Uji korelasi juga dilakukan terhadap keakuratan kesaksian dan keyakinan diri menggunakan uji korelasi poin biserial. Hasil uji korelasi (r = 0,051; p > 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa keyakinan diri saksi mata tidak terkait dengan keakuratan kesaksian.
Pacific media freedom since the pandemic
Authors: Watson Amanda H A , Singh Shailendra
Published: July 2023

Commentary: This article discusses the status of media freedom in the Pacific region and the impact of the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. It primarily draws on informed comments made by experienced Pacific journalists of an online discussion in December 2021. Further, it updates the situation in several Pacific countries, based on reflections made by the same journalists in March 2023. There have been two major developments in 2023: the newly elected government in Fiji has repealed the country’s controversial media law while the government of Papua New Guinea considers introducing a media law. The article highlights the importance of ongoing vigilance with regard to media freedom in Pacific Island countries.

It also considers the impact of media freedom in Pacific Island countries during the unprecedented health crisis.
Social media and democracy: The Fiji 2022 National Election
Authors: Tarai Jope
Published: July 2023

Since the 2014 Fiji General Election, social media political campaigning has continued to be a consistent feature in the country’s politics. This was evident in the 2022 National Election with many more political parties engaging in creative and innovative ways to campaign and engage voters. Since the 2018 elections, there have been a number of developments that led to the formation of new parties and declining popularity of the ruling FijiFirst party. This has provided a new context for social media political campaigning. Building on reviewed work around social media political campaigning from the 2014 and 2018 national elections, this article examines social media use in the 2022 General Election. It discusses some of the emergent trends and patterns of campaigning that are likely to prevail in social media use and Fiji elections.
OBITUARY: Tui Rererangi Walsh O’Sullivan: The ‘flying bird in the sky’
Authors: O'Sullivan Dominic
Published: July 2023

In 1977, Tui O’Sullivan became the first woman and the first Māori appointed to a permanent position at what was then the Auckland Technical Institute (it became Auckland University of Technology in 2000). At AUT, she developed the first Women on Campus group. She helped establish the newspaper Password, a publication introducing new English speakers to New Zealand society and culture. She taught courses on the Treaty of Waitangi when the treaty was a subversive idea. She contributed to the change in social and political thought that has brought the treaty—that her tupuna signed—to greater public influence. The justice it promises was a major theme in Tui’s working life. She was also a founding member of the Pacific Media Centre advisory board  and advocate for Pacific Journalism Review from 2007 until she retired in 2018.
Social media usage for language literacy development in Indonesia
Authors: Hadiapurwa Angga , Joelene Eileen Nicole , Nugraha Hafsah , Komara Diemas Arya
Published: July 2023

The development and emergence of social media have pushed literacy and language activities in new directions. The increasing social media usage affects various language literacy activities by optimizing the existence of social media. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social media usage and the improvement of language literacy, especially in language learning, so there would be recommendations in the form of efforts to improve language literacy skills. This research would fill gaps in understanding how social media features and activities could effectively develop language literacy. Data collection used the literature study method from primary and secondary sources discussing literacy, language learning, and social media. The literature found was checked first, organized, and matched with the thematic framework to continue content analysis and description. Social media had many opportunities as a facilitator of language literacy development, and its presence would push other activities to perform better. It needed a proper method to make the result significant, notably for the incredible impact on language learning. So, apart from being a means of developing language learning, social media can also have the negative side of damaging the user's first language because other languages and cultures absorb it. Other factors such as family contribution, educational background and its influence on first and second language learning, sociological side, and all learning obstructions should be addressed when developing language skills. The study’s findings will provide recommendations for utilizing social media platforms to enhance reading, writing, and critical thinking skills.
Conventionally fractionated radiation therapy is associated with long-term survival in dogs with infiltrative lipomas
Authors: Feng Yuchen , Kent Michael S. , Théon Alain P. , Hansen Katherine S.
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

To describe radiotherapy outcomes for canine infiltrative lipomas and provide detailed radiotherapy planning data.

ANIMALS

24 dogs from 2000 to 2020.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, dogs received 1 to 3 surgeries prior to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for gross (18) or microscopic (8) infiltrative lipomas. Dogs received 45 to 51 Gray (Gy) in 15 to 20 daily fractions, with 71% of dogs receiving 48 Gy in daily 3-Gy fractions.

RESULTS

Masses were regionally located as follows: limbs (7), trunk (13), head/neck (4). At analysis, 16/24 dogs were deceased, 5/24 were alive (median follow-up for alive dogs: 1,216 days [range, 741 to 1,870 days]), and 3/24 were lost to follow-up. One living dog had progressive disease 923 days after completing conventionally fractionated radiotherapy and received another surgery. The estimated median overall survival (OS) after completing radiotherapy was 4.8 years (1,760 days; 95% CI, 1,215 to 2,777 days; range, 23 to 3,499 days) for any cause of death, and no patients were reported to have been euthanized or died from their tumor. No statistically significant difference was found for dogs based on gross versus microscopic disease (gross OS, 4.8 years vs microscopic OS, 3.6 years; P = .45). Furthermore, the number of surgeries before radiotherapy did not impact survival (P = .96). The survival difference between females (median OS, 7.6 years; 95% CI, 963 days to not reached) versus males (median OS, 4.6 years; 95% CI, 335 to 2,245 days; P = .05) was statistically significant, although 4/5 living dogs were female.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study demonstrates lengthy survivals with radiotherapy, even with gross disease, for dogs with infiltrative lipomas.
Evaluation of the possibility of improving the durability of tools made of X153CrMoV12 steel used in the extrusion of a clay band in ceramic roof tile production
Authors: Hawryluk Marek , Marzec Jan , Lachowicz Marzena , Makuła Piotr , Nowak Kamila
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of a complex comparative analysis of the abrasive wear resistance of tools made of X153CrMoV12 steel after different heat treatment variants. These investigations aimed to select the most durable material for application in tools forming a mass band in the production of ceramic roof tiles. The tests included the determination of resistance to abrasive wear in ball-on-disc tests, hardness measurements, and microstructure analysis, including the assessment of changes occurring in the subsurface area, as well as impact tests (at a working temperature for the tools of 50°C). The comprehensive test results showed that the best effects of increasing the resistance to abrasive wear can be obtained through a heat treatment that consists of hardening at 1020°C and then tempering at 200°C for about 2 hours. The next stage of research will be to compare the results obtained with another popular material for tools for the production of roof tiles - Hardox steel, which is characterized by high resistance to abrasive wear.
The Need Analysis of Ethno-Integrated Science Book Based on Pacu Jalur in Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Febrian* Andika , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun , Suyanta Suyanta , Astuti Sri Rejeki Dwi , Khaerunnisa Nina
Published: July 2023

Currently science learning has several problems including the lack of contextual material discussed, thus making science learning considered less interesting, monotonous, and difficult. This study aims to analyze the need for science learning contents used in schools to solve those problem. The research method used is a qualitative type of survey research. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews with science teachers, student questionnaires, scientific literacy tests, and observations. The number of samples was 3 teachers and 47 students through cluster random sampling. The instruments used in this study included interview guidelines, questionnaires, learning observation sheets, and scientific literacy tests. Data analysis in this study used descriptive qualitative. Based on this needs analysis, the results obtained recommend the development of integrated science textbooks containing cultural content on the Pacu Jalur Kuantan Singingi, to be able to increase scientific literacy and cultural concern of students
Development of Animation Video Learning Media Loaded Contextual on Reaction Material Redox Using Web Apps Animaker
Authors: Dina Astuti Ayu Taqwantari , Kamaludin* Agus
Published: July 2023

Redox materials contain many abstract concepts. Therefore, an animated video is needed to illustrate abstract material to make it more concrete and easier to understand. This study aims to develop animated videos with contextual content on redox reaction materials using Web Apps Animaker and know the product's quality. The data collection procedure was carried out based on the 4 steps of 4D development model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). Data collection techniques used are interview, questionnaires, and product assessment. Product assessment is carried out by material experts, media experts, reviewers, and student responses. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of product quality assessment by material experts got 92% in the very good category, media experts got 90% in the very good category, and reviewers got 95% in the very good category. Class X high school students responded positively to the product developed with a percentage of 94.5%. Based on the results of the assessment, the videos developed can be used as alternative media for student learning independently or in groups. The developed media can also help teachers to create more innovative learning
Development of Android Based Educational Games as Learning Media on the Concept of Coordination System for Grade XI High School Students
Authors: Yustriani Avina , Zulfiani* Zulfiani
Published: July 2023

Many students spend time with their smartphones for entertainment, one of which is playing games, and rarely use their smartphones for learning media. This study aims to develop educational game applications, and determine the feasibility and responses of teachers and students to android based educational game applications on the concept of a coordination system. This study uses a developmental research method with a 4D development model consisting of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The sampling technique is by purposive sampling. The data collection uses a closed questionnaire. Questionnaires are used to assess the feasibility of media by media experts, material experts, teachers and students. Analysis of the data obtained is carried out by quantitative descriptive. In the define stage, the results were obtained from interviews with biology teachers and the distribution of media needs questionnaires to students. In the design stage, the results of the media design (prototype) are obtained. In the develop stage, the results of the media expert validation were 90.67% (very good), while the material expert validation results were 81.25% (very good). Furthermore, a trial was conducted on the teacher and 35 students of class XII high school. The results of the assessment for teachers are 96.88% (very good) and for students are 87.57%. In the disseminate stage, the teacher's response was 98.75% (very good) and the student's response was 83.42% (very good). It is concluded that the educational game-based android application is appropriate to be used as a media for learning biology