bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WHEEL OF NAMES DAN WORDWALL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR FIKIH (MI NURUL ARJOSARI MALANG)
Authors: Afkari Najmi Nahdin
Published: August 2024

The development of the times is increasingly advancing towards convenience in all aspects, one of which is with the help of technology. The application of technology in various fields, one of which – education – makes it easier for educators and students (students and students) to learn. The use of learning media available on the Internet, such as Wheel of Names and Worldwall allows students to understand learning with a fun game. This study used qualitative methods targeting 26 grade IV students. The results showed changes in student attitudes after using Wheel of Names (spinner) and Worldwall learning media in learning. This change can be seen from student activeness and observational assessment through the following indicators: (a) student activeness in participating in teaching and learning activities, (b) asking questions about material that has not been understood, and (c) activeness in collecting assignments on time. The conclusion of this study is that the use of Worldwall media in class IV jurisprudence learning can increase student interest and motivation to learn.
 
AbstrakPerkembangan zaman yang semakin maju ke arah kemudahan dalam segala aspek, salah satunya dengan bantuan teknologi. Penerapan teknologi dalam pelbagai bidang salah satunya—pendidikan—memudahkan pendidik maupun peserta didik (siswa dan siswi) dalam belajar. Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang tersedia di Internet, seperti Wheel of Names dan Worldwall memungkinkan peserta didik dalam memahami pembelajaran dengan suatu permainan yang menyenangkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sasaran 26 siswa kelas IV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan sikap siswa setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran Wheel of Names (spinner) dan Worldwall dalam pembelajaran. Perubahan ini terlihat dari keaktifan siswa dan penilaian observasi melalui indikator berikut: (a) keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan belajar mengajar, (b) bertanya tentang materi yang belum dipahami, dan (c) keaktifan dalam mengumpulkan tugas tepat waktu. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan media Worldwall pada pembelajaran fikih kelas IV dapat meningkatkan minat dan motivasi belajar siswa.
Finances and Fights: How Military Members’ Financial Attitudes and Behaviors Are Linked to Romantic Relationship Processes and Outcomes
Authors: Peterson Clairee , O’Neal Catherine Walker , Lucier-Greer Mallory , Okamoto Rachel
Published: August 2024

Grounded in the theory of planned behavior and family systems theory, this study examined the notion that financial attitudes are a driving force in financial management behaviors and healthy financial behaviors, in turn, have implications for couple relationship processes and outcomes. This study was based on the experiences of a sample of service members, who may be at elevated financial and relational risk given the transitional nature of military life (N= 255 U.S. service members). Evidence from a path model largely supported study hypotheses and suggested that financial attitudes were directly and indirectly associated with a range of relationship processes and outcomes via financial management behaviors. When service members reported positive attitudes toward financial management behaviors, they tended to engage in healthier financial behaviors, and healthier financial behaviors were related to salient relational factors, such as greater agreement on spending with partners, better relationship satisfaction, and greater relationship commitment.
Roost characteristics of Indian flying fox along urban noise gradient: A case study in Sallaghari Forest, Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Hyongaju Sandhya , Subba Asmit , Maharjan Madhu , Khanal Laxman
Published: August 2024

The Indian flying fox, Pteropus medius is a fruit bat that contributes significantly to seed dispersal and pollination services. These bats face serious threats from the loss of roosting trees due to urbanization and deforestation. This study aimed to assess the roost characteristics of Indian flying foxes and the effects of anthropogenic noise on roost tier selection in an urban forest patch. We carried out population surveys of Indian flying foxes in the Sallaghari Forest in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal by direct roost count method from July to November 2023. Further, we quantified the intensities of anthropogenic noise at every five-meter interval along the transects from the forest edge towards the main forest and recorded the minimum roosting heights at each point. Indian flying foxes were found to be roosting on trees belonging to six species. Eucalyptus sp. was the most abundant roost tree (50%) in the forest whereas the highest relative abundance of roosting Indian flying foxes was on Populus ciliata (40.1%). The regression analysis revealed that tree DBH and height and the combined interaction of height and canopy cover significantly increase the abundance of Indian flying foxes. The noise intensity at ground level and roosting height of Indian flying foxes showed a significant strong positive relationship indicating their roosting at higher tier under intense noise. We recommend measures for reducing anthropogenic noises and conserving large and tall trees to ensure the roosting habitat of Indian flying foxes in urban setups.
Teaching philosophy to Generation Z students in a modern technical university
Authors:   Ural State University of Railway Transport, Pyatiletova Lyudmila V.
Published: August 2024

The article, using the example of a seminar lesson in philosophy (section “Epistemology”), demonstrates the use of a methodology for teaching humanities in a modern technical university, tested at the Ural State University of Transport — a methodology that corresponds to the sociocultural realities of the information society, organically integrating key (onto)psychological features “digital generation”. The reasons for the limitations of the use of traditional methods in teaching humanities in technical universities to representatives of generation Z are outlined, as well as ways to solve this issue, reflecting, among other things, the problem of the “generation gap” fixed in the educational space, the socialization of which is divided into “before” and “after” the emergence of the realities of the information society.
Activities of a social teacher of a general education institution to create a psychologically safe educational environment
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Shatalova Elena A. , Kovaleva Anna S. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: August 2024

This article examines the activities of a social teacher to create a psychologically safe educational environment in a secondary school, and proposes a social pedagogical program. Currently, the problem of creating a psychologically safe educational environment occupies a significant place in the educational environment. “Psychological health” is becoming a key concept for educational institutions in terms of creating a psychologically safe educational environment, free from psychological violence, and preventing the occurrence of negative emotional experiences of a child in the educational process. A psychologically safe educational environment contributes to a student’s better assimilation of educational material and the full development of his personality. Consequently, the creation of a psychologically safe educational environment is an important element of pedagogical work at school. Harmonization of the socio-psychological climate at school and psychological assistance to participants in the educational process is within the competence of the social teacher, and his practical and theoretical skills are aimed at creating a psychologically safe educational environment, as a necessary condition for the comprehensive development of the individual. The relevance of our research lies, first of all, in the need to identify the psychological parameters of the educational environment that determine its developmental potential, in the development of express diagnostics of the psychological quality of conditions for the positive development of subjects of the educational process.
System of practice-oriented educational technologies for forming a Culture of financial behavior in students
Authors:   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction,, Reznik Semen D. , Sazykina Olga A. ,   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Chernikovskaya Marina V. ,   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to implement a system of practice-oriented educational technologies during university studies aimed at creating a culture of financial behavior among students. Students of higher educational institutions of Russia, representing one of the target groups of the population and representing the potential for the future development of Russia, were selected as the object of the study. The information base for the study is scientific publications by scientists in the field of financial literacy and the culture of financial behavior of students, as well as the results of a questionnaire survey of 565 students from 29 Russian universities. The results of the study indicate that students have elements of a culture of consumption and savings. At the same time, many components of the culture of financial behavior (lending, investing, insurance, etc.) remain outside the field of view of students. At the same time, with an increase in the course of study at a university, the range of structural elements of financial literacy that are of interest to students expands, and the proportion of students who want to develop and improve the culture of their financial behavior increases. The proposed intra-university system of practice-oriented educational technologies for the formation of financial literacy and a culture of financial behavior of students can contribute to improving the culture of financial behavior of students.
Professional self-determination of future hotel service specialists formation by means of personality-oriented technologies
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Borneman Elena P.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this investigation was to confirm the need of student professional self-determination formation and development as a pedagogical task while training of hotel service specialists. The relevance of this research is determined by the generalized interpretation of the term ‘hotel service specialist’. The list of opportunities for professional realization for graduates, actually, is not limited by the place of work as well as by the activity type. Proper assessment and timely diagnosis of aptitude for a particular specialization can contribute to effective self-determination of students, motivate them to successful academic achievements, and stimulate professional development. Methodology and methods. The methodology of the study consists on the basis of the general theory of education and upbringing, the theory of the unity of personality and activity, the foundations of a personality-oriented educational process. The research methods determine the analysis of psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the research topic, questionnaires, psychological and pedagogical testing, statistical data. The result of this research was the justification of the pedagogical task as a formation the professional self-determination of students — future hotel service specialists throughout their studies at the university. Theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the construction, substantiation and approbation of the hotel professions matrix. The practical significance is determined by the proposed forms and methods of the educational process organization for the purpose of the professional self-determination formation by means of personality-oriented technologies. Conclusions. In order to maintain students’ interest in professional realization, it is necessary to diagnose their abilities for professional activity within the industry. The effectiveness of the professional self-determination formation will be higher if personality-oriented components are included in the content of scientific and methodological content.
Um processo de produção de sinalários sobre sinais de pesquisadores em AD/HIL
Authors: Baalbaki Angela Corrêa Ferreira , Silveira Luciane Cruz , Prates Magno Prado Gama , Cosso Jessica Silva
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo, trazemos como embasamento teórico o aporte da Análise de Discurso materialista em confluência com a História das Ideias Linguísticas (HIL), e buscando trabalhar, especificamente, a produção de um sinalário em Libras a respeito de nomes próprios de pesquisadores(as) da área da AD e HIL. O objetivo é formular e registrar esses sinais, de forma a contribuir na atuação de tradutores e intérpretes de Libras, além da divulgação para o uso entre docentes e discentes, de forma a fazer circular os saberes produzidos na interseção das duas áreas.
Busca de anterioridade
Authors: Andrade Elizete de Aguiar , Cesar Janaína , Santos Celise Villa dos , Amaral Roniberto Morato do
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A proteção da propriedade intelectual por meio de documentos de patentes é essencial na atuação da universidade empreendedora, ao facilitar as interações e as transferências ou licenciamentos tecnológicos para a sociedade. Objetivo: Neste artigo compreendeu o desenvolvimento e aplicação de uma sistemática para a realização do processo de busca de anterioridade pela biblioteca universitária em parceria com o Núcleo de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT). Metodologia: Utilizou-se o método de pesquisa-ação e o objeto de estudo foi a Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), com foco na iniciativa da biblioteca universitária Starteca – espaço empreender. Resultados: contemplou-se a proposta e aplicação de uma sistemática, que compreendeu: 1] a aplicação de um curso de formação de competências necessárias ao desempenho dos bibliotecários no processo de busca de anterioridade e; 2] padronização da rotina de execução do processo de busca, via manuais, protocolos e tutoriais. Conclusão: Foi possível inferir que a aproximação entre as unidades biblioteca universitária e NIT pode contribuir para a construção de soluções que sustentam o sucesso do projeto institucional da universidade empreendedora no contexto brasileiro, ao buscar soluções baseadas no compartilhamento de recursos e competências, focadas na institucionalização do processo de busca de anterioridade, visando a proteção da propriedade intelectual desenvolvida pela comunidade acadêmica, utilizando documentos de patente.
Dinâmicas sociais e princípios éticos
Authors: Hayashi Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini , Guimarães José Augusto Chaves
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A retratação em publicações científicas é um fenômeno que desafia a integridade da ciência. Este estudo explora como conceitos éticos e teorias sociológicas podem ampliar a compreensão sobre as práticas de retratação em publicações científicas. Objetivo: analisar a mobilização desses aportes teóricos como ferramentas interpretativas das retratações, visando fortalecer a integridade científica. Metodologia: Utilizou-se a revisão crítica da literatura centrada em textos clássicos e contemporâneos selecionados por sua relevância teórica e empírica. A análise foi estruturada em dois eixos principais: o primeiro investiga abordagens éticas através das contribuições de filósofos como Aristóteles e Kant, e teóricos contemporâneos da Ciência da Informação; o segundo examina perspectivas sociológicas de autores como Durkheim, Weber, Merton e Bourdieu, além de teorias mais recentes como construtivismo social, teoria ator-rede e estudos sociais em ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. Essas abordagens elucidam como as interações sociais e culturais moldam as práticas científicas atuais, incluindo a retratação Resultados; revelaram que as retratações frequentemente ocorrem devido a falhas na condução e comunicação da pesquisa, além de pressões sistêmicas para publicar. Estes achados são essenciais para entender como essas causas afetam a integridade científica e destacam a necessidade de práticas mais rigorosas de revisão e gestão editorial Conclusão. destacam que, ao serem informadas por uma visão integrada das perspectivas éticas e sociológicas, as práticas de retratação não apenas corrigem o registro científico, mas também fortalecem a confiança na ciência, sublinhando a importância de promover um ambiente científico transparente e responsável.
Case Study of a Graduate Nurse’s NCLEX-RN®Failure Experience
Authors: Mingo Sharon R.
Published: August 2024

Graduate nurses who fail the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN®) need multifaceted, trauma-reducing, complex strategies to support their future success. Nursing faculty and academic success coaches can facilitate recovery from the grief of not passing the RN licensing exam. Supportive interventions need to match each graduate nurse’s unique situation when pursuing NCLEX-RN success. This case study of a graduate nurse’s NCLEX-RN failure experience is framed by Watson’s theory of human caring applied to academic coaching interventions that may heal the grief experienced during the transition to sit again to take the NCLEX-RN.
Ischemia time in partial nephrectomy: to rush really matters?
Authors: de la Parra Irene , Gómez Rivas Juan , Serrano Álvaro , Vives Roser , Gutiérrez Hidalgo Beatriz , Hermida Juan Francisco , Ibañez Laura , Fernández Montarroso Lorena , Moreno-Sierra Jesús
Published: August 2024

Aim: The growth in the incidence of small renal masses has led the implementation of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy to become the technique of choice. However, arterial clamping and secondary renal ischemia still mean a controversial issue due to the risk of renal failure. Our objective is to evaluate the existing literature and its relationship to our experience.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of our series over six years. We analyzed different clinical, perioperative and postoperative functional outcome variables and compared the relationship between tumor complexity and the need for ischemia as well as the relation between ischemia time and renal function over a follow-up time of 6 months. For the discussion, we led a review of the literature on the subject and the paradigm shift that has taken place over the years.

Results: A total of 148 patients, most of them male (68.2%) with an average age of 62.4 [standard deviation (SD) 1.7] years, had a Charlson index of 3 [interquartile range (IQR) 1-4]. The average R.E.N.A.L. score was 6 (IQR 5-8). Intraoperative complications were observed in 8.1% of the cases, most of which involved bleeding from a major artery or vein (7.4%). Postoperative complications occurred in 23.6% of the patients, the majority being classified as Clavien 2. Arterial clamping was carried out in 52.7% of the interventions, with a median ischemia time of 8 min (IQR 0-18). The average hospital stay was three days (IQR 2-5). Previous median glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 83 mL/min/1.73 m2 (IQR 66.2-93.6). On the first postoperative day, the median GFR was 78.4 (SD 21.8), and at 6 months, it was 75.2 (SD 22). We found no statistically significant differences between having hypertension or diabetes mellitus and GFR after surgery, but we found differences in the correlation of a Charlson index ≥ 3 and deterioration of renal function, being the P values 0.01, 0.08 and 0.00 for the first postoperative day, after three and 6 months, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in whether having a previous chronic kidney disease influenced the decision to perform arterial clamping or not, with a P value of 0.104. Statistically significant differences were found in the relationship between R.E.N.A.L. score and ischemia time.

Conclusion: Renal tumors with a higher R.E.N.A.L. score involve the need to accomplish a longer arterial clamping, but its relationship with the deterioration of renal function is unclear, since there are other risk factors, such as patient’s comorbidities.
An assessment of oxbow lakes and their potential in reconstructing past river discharge: Implication to reconstruct past climate in Southern West Bengal
Authors: Shivsagar Vibhuti , Basumatary Dipjyoti , Goswami Chandreyee , Rawat Mahadev , Singh Saurabh , Jaiswal Manoj Kumar
Published: August 2024

For modern fluvial systems, stage height, velocity, and cross-section help estimate a river’s discharge. However, understanding the amount and fluctuations of past discharges remains a challenge. The dimen-sions of the meander loops/oxbow lakes are directly proportional to the river’s discharge and the sedi-ment load type. Central West Bengal, India, has a complex network of numerous oxbow lakes as a rem-nant of the river Hooghly, a major distributary of the River Ganga. The present work revisits Schumm’s classic work to estimate river discharges from the meander loops and explores a potential proxy for es-timating past discharges. Thus, it is extended to reconstruct past climate using grain size data, facies analysis, and the dimension of the meander loops coupled with the luminescence chronology of oxbow lakes. The study reveals that the region received good rainfall during reported periods of intense mon-soon, and the increased discharge at different time intervals has given rise to numerous oxbow lakes. The discharge values have shown considerable fluctuations, rising to 15 to 20 times the current value and very few anomalously high, even up to 250 to 300 times, left unrecorded from other archives. The study shows the preservation of systematic growth of discharges and the meander loops with climate re-vealing events with anomalously high (and so highly disastrous) discharges at the scale of tens of thou-sands of years, usually missed from other archives. Results from Ichhamati and Hooghly River meander loops in West Bengal, India, indicate a manifold increase of discharges from the current during 1–1.5 ka (known as the Medieval Warm Period); around 2.2 ka and around 3.9 ka with low or gaps of enhanced monsoon, e.g., Little Ice Age and during 2.5–3.5 ka. This is an effort to show the potential of past mean-der loops to be explored well for comprehensive records.
Identifying Fake News Using Long-Short Term Memory Model
Authors: Wundari Farhan , Syaiba Amien Muhammad Nathan Asy , Irtsa Dida Haiman
Published: August 2024

Designed to deceive readers and manipulate public opinion, fake news can be created for a variety of reasons ranging from political propaganda to generating revenue through clickbait. Another significant challenge in combating fake news is the difficult balance between curbing misinformation and preserving free speech, though some argue for stricter regulations to control the spread of fake news. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify fake news using Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM). LSTM models are often used to analyze the linguistic features of news articles or social media posts. The dataset we used comes from a dataset of fake news on Kaggle's website. The proposed method can identify fake news with average precision, recall, accuracy, and f-measure values of 0.94, 0.96, 0.94, and 0.95. The results showed that LSTM provides superior performance compared to the Support Vector Classifier, Logistic Regression, and Multinomial Naive Bayes methods.
Sentiment Analysis of Handling "Klitih" in Yogyakarta Using Naïve Bayes
Authors: Dhuhita Windha Mega P , Pratama Ilham Ferry , Setiaji Bayu
Published: August 2024

Activities that lead to crimes called "klitih" often occur and disturb the community. The community's response to the handling carried out by the regional government also varied. The public expressed this response using various types of social media, one of which was Twitter. This research analyzes sentiment or responses given by the public by utilizing the social media Twitter to collect data. Data in the form of tweets that have been taken will go through text processing. After that, the text will be weighted using two methods as a comparison, namely tf-idf and count vector. Then the data will be divided into training data and test data to proceed to the classification stage. Classification is carried out using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. To evaluate the results of Naïve Bayes classification, researchers used the Confusion Matrix, by comparing weighting methods and dividing the training data and test data into several different ratios, to find out the scenario that produces the best level of accuracy. The sentiment obtained was dominated by negative sentiment at 75.8%, while positive sentiment was 24.2%. By using existing data, it was found that weighting with count vector had an accuracy rate of 82%. Meanwhile, weighting using TF-IDF obtained an accuracy of 80%.
Sentiment Classification of User Reviews for KAI Access Application Using Naive Bayes Method
Authors: Hidayah Rafi Andi , Insani Rokhmatul , Lidiawaty Berlian Rahmy
Published: August 2024

KAI Access is a train ticket booking application that offers convenience and various features for its users. However, the app has received a low rating of 2.4 out of 5 stars on the Play Store, indicating user dissatisfaction. This study conducts a quantitative sentiment analysis of the KAI Access application based on user sentiments expressed on Twitter. Using the CRISP-DM method, data were collected from Twitter with the Tweepy tool, amassing around 4,000 tweets from June to August 2023. The data underwent a preprocessing stage to ensure the quality and accuracy of the analysis. This stage involved removing duplicate tweets, eliminating retweets, and filtering out emoticons and other non-text elements. In the modeling stage, the Multinomial Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm was employed, achieving an accuracy rate of 84.6%. The model performed better at identifying negative reviews, with a precision of 0.96, recall of 0.86, and an F1-score of 0.91. In contrast, the identification of positive reviews was less effective, with a precision of 0.41, recall of 0.75, and an F1-score of 0.53. These findings shed light on the low ratings for KAI Access, particularly in the context of user reviews. The results of this study provide further understanding regarding the low rating given to KAI Access, particularly in the context of user reviews. By using this classification system, it is hoped that developers can design more specific improvements to enhance the user experience, especially in handling positive reviews which have the potential for performance improvement.
Comparison of Fisher-Yates Shuffle and Linear Congruent Algorithms for Question Randomization
Authors: Saputro Nugroho Dwi
Published: August 2024

This research aims to compare Fisher-Yates algorithm and Linear Congruent algorithm in generating random numbers or permutations. The test is conducted using the Chi-Square method to evaluate the quality of randomness generated by both algorithms. The Chi-Square value of the shuffling results is calculated and compared with the critical value of Chi-Square at a significance level of 0.05 with a degree of freedom (df) of 4, which is 9.488. The results show that the Chi-Square value for the Fisher-Yates algorithm is 3.8 and for the Linear Congruent algorithm is 4.3, both of which are below the critical value. This indicates that there is not enough evidence to reject the Null Hypothesis (H₀), implying that the difference in randomness quality between the two algorithms is not statistically significant. Therefore, both algorithms are considered to have equivalent performance. The decision to choose one of the algorithms can be based on other considerations such as complexity and efficiency. Further research is recommended to explore the performance of the algorithms under different conditions.
Knowledge-Based Fuzzy Control System for Automatic Transmission with Human-Sensitive Inputs
Authors: Reinaldo Igor Lucas , Rossi Lopes Elias Dias , Simão Rodrigues Gustavo , Costa Neto Ricardo Teixeira da
Published: August 2024

With the increasing use of automatic transmissions in passenger vehicles, there is a growing need for improved gear shifting control strategies that aim to enhance performance and fuel efficiency. This paper introduces a knowledge-based fuzzy control system designed specifically for automatic transmissions in light vehicles. The proposed system utilizes a fuzzy inference system as the controller, enabling the emulation of the driver’s perceptions during the gear shifting process. Consequently, the input signal consists of variables that are either sensitive to or observable by the driver, while the output represents the selected gear. The paper evaluates three distinct control strategies, each based on different inputs. These inputs include the longitudinal velocity of the vehicle, the angular velocity of the engine, or a combination of both, along with the time-derivative of the throttle valve opening. Through the evaluation, it is observed that the combination of inputs yields significantly improved performance. Therefore, the methodology presented in this paper demonstrates that the combined input approach is more effective for gear shifting control.
Use of Coal Mining Wastes in the Construction Industry to Promote a Circular Economy: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kazmi Rizwan , Chakraborty Manjari
Published: August 2024

The coal mining process generates wastes such as overburden and tailings, the disposal of which is a significant environmental challenge. The circular economy model of eliminat-ing waste and regenerating the economy and ecosystems can minimise the impact of coal mining wastes. Another resource-intensive industry is the construction industry, which is responsible for significant resource consumption, waste generation, and emissions. Reus-ing and recycling coal mining wastes as secondary or value-added building materials in the construction industry per circular economy principles will help minimise the impact and have environmental and economic benefits. Several studies have demonstrated the use and reuse of coal mining wastes in the construction industry. This article conducts a systematic literature review to understand the state-of-the-art utilisation of coal mining waste in the construction industry. After a series of refinements using the PRISMA approach, 54 articles were included in the review. The articles were further divided based on using coal mining wastes in the construction industry as end products/application areas. The review results show that coal mining waste has been successfully used to make bricks and aggregates (fine and coarse), replace cement, and develop geopolymers, concrete, roads, and embankments. The studies suggest the utilisation of coal mining waste primarily in non-structural components, with very few studies suggesting using coal mining waste in structural applications. The systematic literature review helped in understanding the knowledge development related to the possible application of coal mine wastes in the construction industry, identifying the gap in the field, and suggesting future research directions.
Dissipation Effects in the Tea Leaf Paradox
Authors: Tran Huy , Pirdavari Pooria , Pack Min Y.
Published: August 2024

The tea leaf paradox (TLP) describes unsteady fluid motions which help entrain and deposit suspended particles at the center of rotation. Various applications depend on the TLP for particle separations spanning across orders of magnitude in length scales and is an important problem in fluid mechanics. Despite papers describing the phenomena, the efficacy of particle separation using the TLP remains unclear as to the relative importance of for example hydrostatics, particle-fluid density ratio, wall friction, liquid bath aspect ratio and the rotation speed. The dynamics involved are notably complex and require a careful tuning of each variable. In this study, we have investigated the role of the limit of the aggregation dynamics in rotational flows within 3D-printed vessels of various sizes in tandem with particle imaging to probe the dissipation effects on the particle motions. We have found that the liquid bath aspect ratio limits how much aggregation may occur for a particle-fluid density ratio greater than unity (e.g., $\rho_p/\rho_f >1$, where $\rho_p$ is the density of the particle and $\rho_f$ is the ambient fluid density.
Sustainable Tropical Architecture and Building Energy Regulations
Authors: Ugah Ugah Uzodinma Kelechi , Babalola Olatunde , Nduka-Kalu Chidinma
Published: August 2024

Tropical regions face significant energy challenges due to climatic conditions. This study investigates the interplay between sustainable architecture and building energy regulations in mitigating these challenges. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of existing building energy regulations in promoting sustainable architecture in tropical climates and identify key architectural strategies and regulatory frameworks for optimizing energy efficiency in tropical buildings. A comparative analysis of building regulations and case studies of sustainable buildings in selected tropical regions is conducted. The findings reveal that current regulations often must be revised to address tropical climates' unique energy demands. Incorporating passive design principles, renewable energy systems, and material selection is crucial for energy efficiency. It is recommended that building energy regulations be strengthened to mandate sustainable design strategies and provide incentives to promote the adoption of energy-efficient technologies.
Understanding Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Models
Authors: Chan Emunah
Published: August 2024

Large language models have recently made significant progress in natural language processing, and there is observation that these models exhibit reasoning abilities when they are sufficiently large. This has sparked considerable research interest since reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence that is widely considered missed in artificial intelligence systems. Due to large size of these models, evaluation of LLMs’ reasoning ability is largely empirical. Creating datasets to evaluate the reasoning ability of LLMs is therefore an important area of LLM research. A key open question is whether LLMs reason or simply recite memorized texts they have encountered during their training phase. This work conducts simple experiments using Cheryl’s Birthday Puzzle and Cheryl’s Age Puzzle and their variants created in this work to investigate whether LLMs recite or reason and discovers that LLMs tend to recite memorized answers for well-known questions, which appear more frequently on the internet, even though such answers may not be sensible for the modified versions of the questions. When presented with less well-known questions, it is observed that LLMs answer with correct reasoning more frequently. A possible inference is that LLMs tend to reason on less well-known questions but recite memorized answers on popular questions. As a result, to accurately evaluate the reasoning ability of LLMs, it is essential to create new datasets to ensure that LLMs are elicited to truly use their reasoning ability to generate responses to the presented questions. In view of the finding, this work proposes a new dataset comprising of unseen questions requiring semantic and deductive logical reasoning skills to elicit reasoning ability from LLMs. The proposed evaluation framework is based on the intuition that some questions or puzzles can only be answered through the mastery of reasoning needed for situational awareness, and the dataset consists of 84 logical reasoning questions on room assignment subject to constraints. The proposed evaluation framework has several desirable properties, including resilience to training data contamination, ease of response verification, extensibility, usefulness and automated test case generation. This work then applies the proposed dataset to evaluate the reasoning ability of state-of-the-art LLMs, including GPT-3, GPT-4, Llama-3.1, Gemini-1.5 and Claude-3.5, and compare their performance with the performance of human intelligence on the dataset.
From Origin to Present: Establishment, Mechanism, Evolutions and Biomedical Applications of CRISPR/Cas-based Macromolecular System in Brief
Authors: Yuan Zheng
Published: August 2024

Advancements in biological and medical science are intricately linked to the biological central dogma. In recent years, gene editing techniques, especially CRISPR/Cas systems, have emerged as powerful tools for modifying genetic information, supplementing the central dogma and holding significant promise for disease diagnosis and treatment. Extensive research has been conducted on the continuously evolving CRISPR/Cas systems, particularly in relation to challenging diseases, such as cancer and HIV infection. Consequently, the integration of CRISPR/Cas-based techniques with contemporary medical approaches and therapies is anticipated to greatly enhance healthcare outcomes for human. This review begins with a brief overview of the discovery of the CRISPR/Cas system. Subsequently, using CRISPR/Cas9 as an example, a clear description of the classical molecular mechanism underlying the CRISPR/Cas system was given. Additionally, the development of the CRISPR/Cas system and its applications in gene therapy and high-sensitivity disease diagnosis were discussed. Furthermore, we address the prospects for clinical applications of CRISPR/Cas-based gene therapy, highlighting the ethical consideration associated with altering genetic information. This brief review aims to enhance understanding of the CRISPR/Cas macromolecular system and provide insight into the potential of genetic macromolecular drugs for therapeutic purposes.
Energy Aware Camera Location Search Algorithm for Increasing Precision of Observation in Automated Manufacturing
Authors: Li Rongfei , Assadian Farhad
Published: August 2024

Visual servoing technology has been well developed and applied in many automated manufacturing tasks, especially in tools’ pose alignment. To access a full global view of tools, most applications adopt eye-to-hand configuration or eye-to-hand/eye-in-hand cooperation configura-tion in an automated manufacturing environment. All research papers mainly put efforts into developing control and observation architectures in various scenarios, but none of them has dis-cussed the importance of the camera’s location in eye-to-hand configuration. In a manufacturing environment, the quality of camera estimations may vary significantly from one observation loca-tion to another, as the combined effects of environmental conditions result in different noise levels of a single image shot at different locations. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for the camera’s moving policy so that it explores the camera workspace and searches for the optimal location where the images’ noise level is minimized. Also, this algorithm ensures the camera ends up at a subop-timal (if the optimal one is unreachable) location among the locations already searched, with limited energy available for moving the camera. An automated manufacturing application has been sim-ulated and the results show the success of this algorithm’s improvement of observation precision with limited energy.
The Future of Footwear: A survey on Smart Shoe
Authors: Chaturvedi D.K. , Verma Nisha
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are rapidly advancing. These technologies have significantly impacted the consumer goods market, including the smart footwear industry. AI and ML are extensively utilized in the design and production of smart and agile footwear. There are various methods for manufacturing smart footwear, which can be categorized based on their applications. These include medical and healthcare smart footwear, assistive footwear for individuals with impairments, footwear designed for navigation in unfamiliar areas, foot-wear for studying foot movements and gait analysis, safety footwear, anti-skid footwear, foot-wear for the elderly, army shoes, and energy-harvesting footwear, among others. These smart shoes enable real-time patient monitoring and provide appropriate suggestions for their care. Additionally, smart footwear can be classified based on the tools and techniques used in their production, as well as the sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) devices integrated into them. This paper reviews the various tools and techniques used in the creation of smart footwear for dif-ferent applications.
Transplantation of Mature Argan Trees (Argania spinosa L. Skeels): Recovery Rate Optimization
Authors: Ghazali Hamza El , Baâmal Lahoussaine , Benaoda Tlemçani Nour-Eddine , Daoud Salma , Cherif Harrouni Moulay
Published: August 2024

The present study deals with the transplantation of mature Argan trees (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) and focuses on optimizing survival rates depending on the seasons, the type of shoot pruning applied to the trees and preconditioning treatments consisting of root pruningand watering for a few months before transplanting. So far, the transplantation of this species at the adult stage has not received enough attention in spite of its ecological and socio-economic importance for the regions where it thrives. The results obtained show that transplanting in summer, autumn and winter resulted in survival rates exceeding 50%. The Argan trees transplanted in spring hardly achieved 10% survival. However, the total cutback of the crown induced survival improvement that reached a rate greater than 70% for summer, autumn and winter, and 50% for spring. Watering alone or combined with root pruning for 6 months helped improve the recovery rate but only when carried out in autumn with transplantation in spring. On the other hand, when these pre-treatments were applied in the spring to transplant the trees in summer, the recovery rate was not improved.
Uluslararası Hukuk Çerçevesinde İsrail-Filistin Çatışması: Devlet Dışı Aktörler ve Meşru Müdafaa
Authors: Kaya Yasin Çağlar , Kayar Abdullah
Published: August 2024

İsrail ve Filistin arasında süregelen çatışma, devletlik statüsü, egemenlik, insan hakları, güvenlik ve uluslararası hukuk gibi konuların iç içe geçtiği karmaşık ve uzun yıllardır devam eden bir sorundur. 7 Ekim 2023'te Hamas'ın İsrail topraklarına düzenlediği sürpriz saldırı ve ardından İsrail’in Gazze topraklarına yönelik başlattığı operasyon birçok tartışmayı meydana getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada İsrail'in Gazze’ye karşı yürüttüğü silahlı saldırılar Birleşmiş Milletler Şartının (BMŞ)2(4) ve 51. maddelerine odaklanarak eleştirel bir şekilde uluslararası hukuka uygunluğu değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmenin yapılabilmesi için öncelikle Filistin’in devletlik statüsü Montevideo Sözleşmesi kapsamında değerlendirilmiş ve Filistin’in tüm devlet olma şartlarını yerine getirdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ardından Hamas’ın devlet içindeki rolü incelenmiş Hamas ve Filistin devleti arasında organik bir bağ olmadığı ortaya koyulmuştur. Tüm bu bilgiler ışığında İsrail’in 51. Madde kapsamında meşru müdafaa hakkının olduğu fakat bu hakkın kullanımı sırasında gerçekleştirdiği eylemler dolayısıyla meşru müdafaa hakkının meşruiyeti sorgulanabilir hale gelmiştir.
Küresel Sorumluluklar ve Ulusal Reformasyon İkileminde Clement Attlee Dönemi Birleşik Krallık Dış Politikası
Authors: Erkul İbrahim Çağrı
Published: August 2024

1945 ve 1951 yılları arasında Birleşik Krallık Başbakanı olan Clement Attlee, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında karşılaşılan ekonomik ve sosyal sorunların yanında, ülkesini ilgilendiren çok sayıda dış politika konusuyla da uğraşmak durumunda kalmıştır. Attlee, II. Dünya Savaşı’ndan galip çıkmasına rağmen Birleşik Krallık’ın küresel anlamda azalan gücünün farkındaydı. Attlee, ilgilenmek zorunda olduğu sorunların büyüklüğüne ve çeşitliliğine rağmen çok sayıda Britanyalının zihninde başarılı bir başbakan olarak anılmaya devam etmektedir. Buna rağmen makale Attlee’nin Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nden (ABD) alınacak desteğe ve ülke içerisindeki reformlara odaklanırken özgür bir dış politika izleyemediği ve Britanya İmparatorluğu’nun oluşumunda sorumlu olduğu uluslararası ilişkiler sorunlarıyla yeterince ilgilenmediği iddiasındadır. Makalede 1945-1951 yılları arasındaki önemli dış politika olayları dikkate alınarak, bu iddia gerekçelendirilmiştir. Attlee’nin bahsi geçen ilgisizliğiyle, Filistin ve Keşmir sorunlarını dünyaya “miras” bıraktığı ileri sürülebilir. Bu yönüyle Attlee, Britanyalılar nezdinde başarılı bir başbakanlık yapmış olsa da Birleşik Krallık’ın sorumlu olduğu sorunlardan kaçınmanın kolaylığını tercih ederek halefleri için de olumsuz bir örnek oluşturmuştur.
Emergency Medical Care in Case of Drowning and Measures to Restore the Patient's Health
Authors: Nozimjon o’g’li Salomov Shoxabbos
Published: August 2024

This study presents an in-depth evaluation of first aid measures employed by teachers in educational settings, with a focus on optimizing response strategies. The goals of this research were to assess the efficacy of teacher-led first aid interventions, investigate the methods employed, analyze the outcomes achieved, and derive practical implications for enhancing emergency preparedness. A comprehensive analysis of various first aid techniques implemented by teachers yielded insightful results, highlighting the importance of prompt action, accurate assessment, and appropriate treatment in ensuring positive outcomes. The implications of these findings underscore the need for targeted training programs and improved access to up-to-date medical resources, equipping educators with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively manage medical emergencies in the classroom, ultimately safeguarding student well-being.
Highlights:

Comprehensive assessment: This study offers a thorough evaluation of first aid measures implemented by teachers, providing a comprehensive analysis of the strategies employed in educational settings.
Efficacy and outcomes: The research investigates the effectiveness of teacher-led first aid interventions and analyzes the achieved outcomes, emphasizing the significance of prompt action, accurate assessment, and appropriate treatment.
Implications for enhanced preparedness: The findings underscore the need for targeted training programs and improved access to medical resources, highlighting the importance of equipping educators with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively manage medical emergencies, thereby enhancing emergency preparedness in educational environments

Keywords: First aid measures, teacher-implemented strategies, educational settings, optimization, emergency preparedness.
Management of the First Stage of Labor with Electronic Vibration
Authors: Purwanti Yanik , Wisaksono Arief
Published: August 2024

Prolonged labor is potentially dangerous for the mother and fetus. This can be prevented by stimulating the release of the hormone oxytocin to increase uterine contractions so that prolonged labor does not occur. So a tool is needed to stimulate the hormone oxytocin which is made as comfortable as possible. Apart from helping speed up the process of the first stage of labor, this tool can also stimulate the release of the hormone prolactin to help milk production. This system was designed using the Arduino Uno microcontroller type ESP8266, working to stimulate the nipples through vibration. From the results of this study it was found that the vibrations produced could help stimulate the release of the hormone oxytocin so that the first stage of labor took place 72.40% faster than the old theory of the first stage of labour.
Highlights:

Prolonged labor risks: Emphasizes the potential danger for both mother and fetus in cases of prolonged labor.
Oxytocin stimulation: Highlights the importance of stimulating oxytocin release to prevent prolonged labor and promote uterine contractions.
Arduino Uno and nipple vibration: Introduces the specific tool designed using Arduino Uno microcontroller and nipple vibration for oxytocin stimulation during labor.

Keywords: prolonged labor, oxytocin stimulation, Arduino Uno, nipple vibration, faster labor