bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of digital ecosystems in transport insurance
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Kontsevaya Stanislava , Ergashev Rakhmatulla , Khamraeva Sayyora
Published: May 2023

Any economic human activity to a certain extent involves various risks. The process of vehicle operation is associated with the risks of harm to third parties, damage to the vehicle as a result of a traffic accident and whether a natural disaster. The use of digital technologies, and especially digital ecosystems in particular, makes it possible to simplify the mechanism of interaction between the policyholder and the insurance company. The policyholder will have the opportunity on the official website of the insurance company to get acquainted with the features of this type of insurance and the conditions offered by this insurance company. The use of digital ecosystems makes it possible to abandon the services of insurance intermediaries to a certain extent, due to the fact that it will be possible to establish direct contact between customers and their insurer. The use of an electronic turnover document within the framework of digital ecosystems will make it possible to simplify the process of issuing an electronic policy by providing it in electronic form certified by the digital electronic signature of the insurer. The use of electronic document management within the framework of digital ecosystems will allow the insurance company to reduce the time for collecting documents for the payment of insurance compensation. The use of digital ecosystems in insurance creates opportunities for bringing the insurance business to a qualitatively higher level, due to the fact that digital ecosystems allow the use of highly productive digital technologies and the use of the communication capabilities of the Internet.
Ways to increase the efficiency of transport logistics - communication services in Uzbekistan
Authors: Menglikulov Bakhtiyor , Umarov Sukhrob , Safarov Alisher , Zhyemuratov Temirbay , Alieva Nodiraxon , Durmanov Akmal
Published: May 2023

In the research article, it is emphasized that the logistics information system has a high role in the world and in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in order to create effective logistics systems and speed up the process of cargo delivery, the author is asked to organize transportation and logistics information centers based in Uzbekistan on information resources in the railway sector. indicates that it occupies an important place in the practice of the main trends in the development of the transport-logistics sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the factors hindering the development of the local transport-logistics information system are revealed. The object of research is the transportation logistics information system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and improving its efficiency. The method of analysis, grouping, synthesis, organizational-operational model was chosen as research methods. The model proposed in the study is divided into a number of modules united by the decision of common functional tasks. With this method, it is achieved by expanding the scope of services provided, fulfilling the order on time, increasing the volume of transportation and reducing the overall operational and logistics costs. As a result of the studies, proposals were developed to increase the potential of the transport communication system of our country, to create an effective system of transport-logistics and communication services.
Development of a design system for synthesis and analysis the motor wheel based on a valve electric motor of combined excitation for hybrid and electric vehicles
Authors: Gandzha Sergey , Chuyduk Ivan , Gandzha Dmitriy
Published: May 2023

The article describes a project to create an electric transmission for ground vehicles. As a layout, a motor-wheel variant is proposed, in which a traction electric motor, power electronics, control system and brake system are integrated into the wheel disk. This arrangement of the traction motor allows you to free up the space of the car for comfort and placement of the electric power storage. A combined excitation machine is proposed as an electric motor, the magnetic flux in which is created simultaneously by permanent magnets and an excitation winding. Permanent magnets allow you to increase the power in the limited dimensions of the disk, and the excitation winding allows you to adjust the magnetic flux, which significantly expands the range of speeds and torques of the vehicle. The design of the electric motor is innovative and protected by a patent of the Russian Federation. To develop a number of similar motor wheels, a design system has been proposed, which consists of two parts: synthesis and analysis. The synthesis system generates the optimal geometry of the electric motor for a specific technical task of the customer. It contains a multi-level structure that allows you to implement developments for various project situations with and without restrictions. The system contains seven such levels. Optimality criteria can be selected depending on the requirements of the project. The analysis system is based on the principle of a digital double. Its methodological basis is the finite element method. The system allows you to conduct a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic and thermal state, to obtain all the necessary integral characteristics. The performance of the design system has been tested on a digital analogue of a real racetrack, which is divided into sections with specified speed modes. The program outputs 15 parameters of both the car and the electric motor. In conclusion, the article shows the design study of a motor wheel for a racing electric car. The design of the prototype and the results of its tests are presented. The design system for the development of motor wheels based on a valve motor of combined excitation can be used for mass production.
Retail payments on public transportation under conditions of COVID-19
Authors: Korobeynikova Olga , Korobeynikov Dmitry , Dugina Tatiana , Shemet Ekaterina , Popova Svetlana
Published: May 2023

The pandemic has been a catalyst for both negative and positive developments in public transport fares. In the field of public transport, total automation of all segments of passenger public transport is required. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the problems of innovating payment services in public transport as part of the overall ecosystem of the payment business and to find directions for the innovative development of payment services and train payment systems in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study uses a systematic approach and theoretical methods for generalizing and comparing data, a structured description of the characteristics of the Russian payment services market. The proposed directions of innovative development of payment services and train payment systems in public transport are proposed to be implemented in the general system of digital innovation of the economy (integration of automated fare payment systems into a unified system of state and municipal services, inclusion of all intracity and intercity carriers of all types of transport into the automated payment system for passenger transport services, transport roaming / mutual integration of systems, introduction of differentiated fare payment by zones, expansion of the range of payment instruments, fiscalization of the services of transport companies, the transition to a fully automated system of payment for the train with a complete rejection of the physical presence of conductors).
Earthquakes from the point of view of mechanics of contact interaction of surfaces
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: May 2023

The work is devoted to earthquake forecasting. The physics of an earthquake, despite the fact that this problem has been facing humanity for more than 100 years, it still remains unclear. What is the reason and why this is a very important problem, which is being solved by a huge number of universities, institutes and companies around the world. The physical model of a tectonic earthquake is presented in the form of a plate connection loaded with a shear force, in which the non-displacement is provided by friction forces. In calculating the contact interaction, the pliability of the plates and the tangential pliability of the contact layer are taken into account. A system of equations has been obtained, the solution of which makes it possible to specify to some extent the location, strength and time of the earthquake occurrence.
Data analysis using system modeling
Authors: Ganzhur Marina , Ganzhur Alexey , Dyachenko Nikita , Kobylko Andrey , Melnikov Alexander
Published: May 2023

Expert systems are increasingly being used to format safe operations. But the functions of expert systems can perform not only assistance in making decisions, but also analyze processes and help at various stages. These actions are possible when considering a system with fuzzy data. The work is devoted to solving the problem of fuzzy inference knowledge in intelligent systems based on the use of fuzzy logic. The scheme of construction of continuous logic, the computation of values of membership functions of linguistic variables of output knowledge. The proposed approach is based on the use of continuous logic, which allows for a more accurate representation of fuzzy data compared to traditional logic. The construction of the continuous logic scheme involves the use of fuzzy sets for both input and output variables, which are then used to compute the values of membership functions of linguistic variables of output knowledge. In this approach, the expert system is able to analyze processes and assist at various stages by making use of fuzzy inference knowledge. The fuzzy inference mechanism is based on the use of fuzzy logic, which allows for a more nuanced understanding of complex systems and processes. The expert system is able to analyze data from various sources and make informed recommendations based on the available information. Overall, the use of expert systems based on fuzzy logic is becoming increasingly popular in a variety of industries. By improving the accuracy of data analysis and decision-making, these systems can help to ensure safe and efficient operations.
Computer model for acquisition, processing, analysis and visualization of measurement data by electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Aleksanyan Grayr , Gorbatenko Nikolay , Konko Maria , Nguyen Manh Cuong
Published: May 2023

In this article, a computer model for the collection, processing, analysis and visualization of measurement data by the method of electrical impedance tomography has been developed. The essence of the work performed is to build a computer model of the phantom, electrodes, conductive medium and inhomogeneities in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment to study the conductivity of objects in order to reduce the error in determining the size of the inhomogeneity in the reconstructed image. The study is performed by placing an inhomogeneity phantom in the conductive region. Based on the data obtained, a matrix of potential differences is constructed using the “near neighbor” algorithm. On its basis, in the GNU Octave environment, using the EIDORS package, a reconstruction of the conducted studies is obtained. With the help of the developed software that implements the method and algorithm for refining the boundaries, filtered images of reconstructions of the results of the studies are obtained. The use of this algorithm makes it possible to reduce the measurement error by a factor of 1.44.
Creation of a library of images of cable line insulation breakdown for neural network training based on data from the study of wave processes in the digital twin of the cable line
Authors: Yurov А.А. , Lukonin А.V. , Srorojenko D.Е. , Kuimov D.N.
Published: May 2023

The aim of the work is to create a library of images of cable line insulation breakdown for training a neural network of a functional unit integrated into a high voltage test facility based on data from the study of wave processes in the digital twin of a cable line. The goal is achieved by determining the characteristic properties of the wave process in a cable line when tested with high direct voltage of negative polarity during field experiments and verifying these results on a mathematical model. The calculated data array on the verified model is the main volume of primary information for creating a library of images of insulation breakdown. The most important and significant results are the creation of a library of images of insulation breakdown and the adaptation of the algorithm for approximating input data with images from the neural network library, the integration of artificial intelligence into the process of determining the location of defective insulation at the test stage. The significance of the results is to reduce the methodological and instrumental error in determining the damage zone, since all stages of data collection and analysis are performed by a functional module built into the test unit, in addition, the calculation is performed automatically, which minimizes the role of anthropogenic factors on the result and reduces the requirements for the personnel of the electrical laboratory, the introduction of such equipment will reduce complete the time of elimination of the accident and increase the speed of restoration work on the route of the line.
Specialized processors and algorithms for computing standard functions
Authors: Turdimatov Mamirjon , Mukhtarov Farrukh , Abdurakhmonov Sultonali , Khudoynazarov Umidjon , Muminova Mastura
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the problem of creating a specialized processor device that allows you to increase the number of calculated mathematical functions, resulting in a single calculation scheme for all elementary functions, an algorithm for lowering the degree of a polynomial by the Chebyshev polynomial method and a single calculation scheme for the Horner scheme, by comparing the prototype by introducing a specialized reprogramming block processor device.
The influence of emotional intelligence on employee well-being, creativity and employee engagement during a crisis
Authors: Sivanthinathan Darshini , Singh Kartar Singh Jugindar , Vasudavan Hemalata
Published: May 2023

The concept of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in the workplace has recently gained popularity. There is a dearth of studies that have examined the influence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on employee well-being, creativity and employee engagement among employees engaged in projects. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and three independent variables, which were Employee Well-Being, Creativity and Employee Engagement. In this quantitative study, the target population was members of project teams. This was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected using a survey strategy. The primary data was collected by using self-administered questionnaires. Based on a sample size of 101 respondents, the data analysis was done by using the SPSS tool. The findings revealed that EI had a strong impact on all three predictors, namely employee well-being, creativity, and engagement. The results of this study will provide useful information to HR managers and leaders in organizations. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in Malaysia.
Professional competence of a lawyer in educational process
Authors: Sachkov Andrey , Studenikina Svetlana , Orlova Irina
Published: May 2023

This article is devoted to the methodology of the interdisciplinary problem of "lawyer's professional competence". The authors proceed from the importance of finding scientific and practical approaches to the formation of a new quality of an essential part of professional legal culture, professional competence of a lawyer both by the Teacher in the system of educational process coordinates and by the student himself in the mode of self-reflection.
Information technology: current status and trends
Authors: Sharyan Emma , Poliakova Nadezhda , Chekan Anna , Bagdasarova Elvina
Published: May 2023

In the article, the authors talked about support measures for employees of IT companies in the crisis period. The Ministry of Digital Industry has prepared a number of measures to retain software developers and develop IT companies in the country. The agency has already officially confirmed that the proposals were developed taking into account the opinion of the IT industry. On March 2, 2022, Vladimir Putin signed a document on measures to accelerate the development of the IT industry in the country. Due to the ambiguous situation in the country, companies risk losing IT specialists who are already in short supply. Information has already appeared that about 5 thousand employees - Russian IT specialists announced plans to leave. To prevent the outflow of IT specialists from the country and not lose valuable personnel, you need to be proactive. For example, accredited IT companies were exempted from scheduled inspections until December 31, 2024. It will not be possible to switch from one software to another quickly enough. It is still difficult for many Russian companies to replace such a small tool as a distance learning system even as planned. And now many programs have to be replaced. Only an integrated approach with all its attributes allows to avoid problems with such urgent import substitution. Problems occur not only when switching from Western software to Russian, but vice versa. If a business has already undergone through one or two crises, it has the potential to survive the current conditions. The new system is new logic, architecture and capabilities.
Socio-ecological and economic balance of North Caucasus region
Authors: Dvinin Dmitry , Davankov Aleksey , Plaksina Anna
Published: May 2023

The article contains the results of the research on the possibility to achieve the socio-ecological and economic balance in the regions of the North Caucasus federal district of Russia in case of developing renewable source energy and maintaining the carbon cycle in landscapes. The balanced level is determined by the special indicator, the value of which depends on the ratio of the capacity of region’s technosphere to the assimilation potential of its ecosystems expressed in energy indicators. The evaluation also determines whether the carbon cycle of the regions is being maintained or violated in the process of agricultural activities. The findings show that the general value of indicator of the district balance is 8.81, which is considerably higher than one and signals about the imbalance. The socio-ecological and economic imbalance is a characteristic of all seven regions in the district. To achieve the balance the energy balance of each region needs to increase the share of renewable energy industry up to 85-94%, on average up to 89% in the district. The necessity to maintain the carbon cycle forces to provide 28380 sq. km of the territories of the North Caucasus federal district with the specific status. These territories are mainly steppe ecosystems and put together up to 16.6% of the whole district territory.
Improving the methodology for assessing the level of environmental safety of urban areas as the basis of their life cycle
Authors: Kotlyarova Ekaterina
Published: May 2023

The article presents a graphical description of the relative environmental, economic and social indicators in the form of planar diagrams reflecting the state of the industrial and economic functional zones under study. Previously, we have described modern changes in the infrastructure of the urbanized areas, and also justified the necessity of supplementing economic and social indicators with environmental ones. On the basis of the conducted analysis, we have compared each of the indicators of the state of the environment of the urbanized areas with allowable values. In turn, the obtained values of relative indicators are graphically presented in the form of planar diagrams that reflect the most significant characteristics (environmental, economic and social) of the objects under study, on the scales of which the values are equal to 1 characterize the negative value of the corresponding characteristic, and the values are close to the reference point - the most favourable. In further research we plan to continue improving the methodology for assessing the level of environmental safety of the urbanized areas with the aim of its practical testing and implementation. The scientific novelty of the study consists in combining the obtained values of environmental, economic and social characteristics into a comprehensive (integral) assessment of the urbanized territories environmental safety level that would serve as the basis for subsequent selection of environmentally effective and cost-efficient organizational, technical and special environmental engineering measures.
Graphs with unique minimum vertex-edge dominating sets
Authors: Senthilkumar B. , Chellali M. , Naresh Kumar H. , Venkatakrishnan Yanamandram B.
Published: May 2023

A vertex u of a graph G = (V, E), ve-dominates every edge incident to u, as well as every edge adjacent to these incident edges. A set S ⊆ V is a vertex-edge dominating set (or a ved-set for short) if every edge of E is ve-dominated by at least one vertex of S. The vertex-edge domination number is the minimum cardinality of a ved-set in G. In this paper, we investigate the graphs having unique minimum ved-sets that we will call UVED-graphs. We start by giving some basic properties of UVED-graphs. For the class of trees, we establish two equivalent conditions characterizing UVED-trees which we subsequently complete by providing a constructive characterization.
Folgen der Pandemie auf die psychische Gesundheit
Authors: Probst Greta Helene , Flückiger Christoph
Published: May 2023

Mediale Präsenz und gesellschaftliche Sichtbarkeit psychischer Belastungen haben während der Pandemie zugenommen. Schon fast unüberschaubar viel Forschung widmet sich der Fragestellung, wie stark und auf welche Weise die Pandemie die Psyche beeinflusste – mit teilweise deutlich divergierenden Schlussfolgerungen. Dieser Beitrag bietet einen Überblick des empirischen Forschungsstands anhand ausgewählter Themen und damit verbundener Fragen.
Internet-Angebote zum Thema Krise und in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Hylla Karoline
Published: May 2023

In einer Welt, umgeben von Krisen, sei es die Corona-Pandemie, der Krieg in der Ukraine oder Auswirkungen des Klimawandels, suchen Menschen Unterstützung – auch im Internet. Neben Verschwörungstheorien finden sich dort auch Hilfen und Unterstützungsangebote für schwere Zeiten, sei es für Expert*innen, Hilfesuchende oder auch Kinder und Jugendliche.
Kritische Lebensereignisse in der Familie: Damit Scheidung keine Krise auslöst!
Authors: Kircher Andrea , In-Albon Tina
Published: May 2023

Die Trennung der Eltern ist eines der häufigsten individuellen Krisenereignisse von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Krisen sind immer auch mit Angst verbunden. Der Wegfall gewohnter Strukturen wird als bedrohlich wahrgenommen und kann zu psychischen Auffälligkeiten führen. Wie eine Trennung für Kinder gut bewältigbar ist, wird im Folgenden praxisnah aufbereitet.
Sauerstofftherapie in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Gottlieb Jens
Published: May 2023

Was ist neu?

Pulsoxymetrie und Blutgasanalysen Die Pulsoxymetrie hat eine hohe Sensitivität, aber nur eine geringe Spezifität zur Erfassung von Hypoxämien. Arterielle Blutgasanalysen sind der Goldstandard zur Überwachung einer O2-Therapie. Venöse Blutgasanalysen sollten zur O2-Steuerung nicht zum Einsatz kommen.

Zielwerte der O2-Therapie Der Zielbereich der akuten O2-Therapie für beatmete Patienten und nicht beatmete Patienten ohne Hyperkapnie-Risiko soll bei einer pulsoxymetrisch gemessenen Sauerstoffsättigung (SpO2) zwischen 92% und 96% liegen. Indikationen einer hochdosierten O2-Therapie ohne Zielbereich sind in der Intensivmedizin die Kohlenmonoxidvergiftung und Patienten mit schwerer Atemnot, wenn keine SpO2 ableitbar ist. Eine Hyperoxämie, d.h. SpO2-Werte über 96%, hat in randomisierten Studien an überwiegend beatmeten Intensivpatienten das Überleben nicht verbessert. Unter einer Hyperoxämie bei nicht beatmeten Patienten mit Hyperkapnie-Risiko (z.B. Patienten mit chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung) besteht bei jedem dritten Patienten das Risiko eines zunehmenden Kohlendioxidanstiegs. Deswegen soll bei diesen Patienten eine Ziel-SpO2 von 88–92% angestrebt werden.

O2-Zielbereiche an extrakorporalen Verfahren Es gibt keine randomisierten Studien, die andere SpO2-Zielbereiche für Patienten an extrakorporalen Verfahren empfehlen. Diese Patienten sollen immer mit arteriellen Blutgasen – bei peripherer VA-ECMO am rechten Arm und hinter dem Oxygenator – überwacht werden.

High-Flow-Sauerstoff-Therapie beim akuten hyperkapnischen Atemversagen Die High-Flow-Sauerstoff-Therapie (HFNC) war in einer Metaanalyse überwiegend bei Patienten mit akuter Hypoxämie (Typ-I-Atemversagen) gegenüber konventionellem O2 nicht mit einer reduzierten Krankenhaussterblichkeit assoziiert, allerdings wurde die Intubationsrate reduziert. Auch beim moderaten hyperkapnischen Atemversagen (Typ II) ist die HFNC mit hohen Flussraten der nicht invasiven Beatmung (NIV) nicht unterlegen.
Diabetes und Niere
Authors: Schönfeldt Christiane
Published: May 2023

Einer von 10 Erwachsenen weltweit lebt derzeit mit Diabetes mellitus. In Deutschland sind ca. 8,5 Millionen an einem Typ-2-Diabetes erkrankt, Tendenz steigend. Das KfH informiert mit seiner Patientenbroschüre „Diabetes verstehen. Nierenfunktion erhalten.“ über mögliche Folgeerkrankungen insbesondere für die Nieren durch Diabetes und wie man diesen vorbeugen kann.
Technische Grundlagen der Neurographie / Evozierten
Potentiale – Teil V Stimulation
Authors: Dietrich Michael
Published: May 2023

Die vorherigen Teile dieser Serie beschäftigten sich mit der
möglichst rauscharmen Aufzeichnung von Potentialen, dem dazu nötigen
Setup und den korrekten Einstellungen des Geräts. Die Grundlage einer jeden
Elektroneurographie (ENG) oder Evozierten Potentials (EP) ist die Stimulation eines
Nervens, mit einem artifiziellen Stimulus. Die Stimulation stimuliert dabei nicht
nur den Nerven und löst ein AP aus, es triggert auch gleichzeitig die
Aufnahme. Bei EPs ahmt der Stimulus den physiologischen Reiz nach, für
dessen Detektion das jeweilige System „gemacht“ ist.
Zyklophotokoagulation – Vielfalt der Anwendungen
Authors: van Oterendorp Christian , Drüke Daniela
Published: May 2023

Die Zyklophotokoagulation (CPC) ist wenig invasiv, schnell durchführbar und eine der beliebtesten Glaukomoperationen in Deutschland. Glaukomatologisch wird sie aber eher als Eingriff 2.
oder 3. Wahl gesehen. Nicht zuletzt erscheint das Prinzip der Verringerung der Kammerwasserproduktion bei häufig vorliegendem Abflussproblem unphysiologisch, was zu dem eher schlechten Ruf
der Zyklophotokoagulation beiträgt. Wie die verschiedenen Modi der CPC in diesem Spannungsfeld eingeordnet werden können, soll dieser Übersichtsartikel beleuchten.
Augenärztliche Beurteilung der Kraftfahreignung
Authors: Tost Frank , Freißler Gernot
Published: May 2023

Der Augenarzt muss die wesentlichen Grundlagen der Fahreignungsbeurteilung kennen. Eine Kategorisierung der vielfältigen Anliegen zur Fahreignung oder Fahrtüchtigkeit im Praxisalltag
erleichtert ihm die sachlich begründete Entscheidung im Einzelfall. Es ist zwischen der medizinischen Begutachtung von Probanden (Ersterwerber oder Verlängerungsantragsteller) und der
Beratung von Patienten mit chronischen Augenerkrankungen zu unterscheiden.
Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,
Authors: Meyer Thorsten
Published: May 2023

am Rande einer Veranstaltung wurde ich vor kurzem mit der Aussage konfrontiert, dass
unsere Zeitschrift für die in einem bestimmten Fachbereich der medizinischen
Rehabilitation tätigen Ärztinnen und Ärzte für eine
regelmäßige Lektüre nicht wirklich zwingend sei. Abgesehen
davon, dass ich als schriftführender Herausgeber wohl zu jener deutlichen
Minderheit gehöre, die die Zeitschrift tatsächlich von vorne bis
hinten durchlesen, hat mich diese Aussage einmal mehr über die Zielrichtung
und den Adressatenkreis unserer Zeitschrift nachdenken lassen. Und ja: hoffentlich
begnügen sich die jungen Kolleginnen und Kollegen in ihrem Bereich nicht mit
der Lektüre dieser Zeitschrift. Wir können und wollen keine
indikationsspezifischen Inhalte ersetzen. Zugleich ist aus meiner Sicht eine
Zeitschrift, die sich gerade und im Besonderen mit übergreifenden Themen
der Rehabilitation auseinandersetzt, sehr notwendig und
zeitgemäß.
Psychotherapeutische Behandlung von Opfern organsierter Gewalt – eine Standortbestimmung
Authors: Sack Martin
Published: May 2023

Menschen, die organisierte Gewalt erlebt haben, leiden oft unter ausgeprägten Folgesymptomen bis hin zu schweren dissoziativen Störungen. Öffentliche Diskussionen um die Glaubwürdigkeit ihrer Schilderungen können die Behandlung für die Betroffenen und ihre Therapeut*innen erschweren. Das ändert aber kaum etwas an Therapiezielen und Vorgehen, da stets auch subjektives und damit nicht überprüfbares Erleben im Fokus einer Psychotherapie steht.
Microsurgical Clipping after Failed Contour Device Embolization of an Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm: Technical Note
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J. , Killer-Oberpfalzer Monika , Beredjiklian Carlos M. , Lunzer Manuel
Published: May 2023

Background Endovascular therapy has revolutionized the treatment of cerebral aneurysms in recent years and decades. So-called intrasaccular devices (i.e., Woven EndoBridge [WEB], MicroVention, Aliso Viejo, California, United States; or Contour, Cerus Neurovascular, Fremont, California, United States) are a promising endovascular technology, especially for wide-based aneurysms. However, long-term outcome data are currently particularly scarce for Contour and strategies for failed Contour cases are lacking. Here, we report the feasibility of microsurgical clipping after failed Contour device embolization.

Methods Feasibility of microsurgical clipping after failed aneurysm embolization with a Contour intrasaccular device was assessed in a patient.

Results We present the case of a 36-year-old male patient diagnosed with Hunt and Hess grade 1 subarachnoid hemorrhage from an anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The ruptured aneurysm was initially treated with the Contour device. After 3 months, angiographic imaging showed a clear aneurysm residual deemed not endovascularly accessible. The patient was then successfully clipped using microsurgical techniques. The patient was discharged with no neurologic abnormalities.

Conclusion After thorough bibliographical research, this presents the first published case report of microsurgical clipping after failed embolization with Contour. The main insights gained after clipping were that the Contour does not significantly disturb or hinder clipping. In contrast to coils in aneurysms to be clipped, the Contour can be easily compressed by the clip blades and does not have to be removed. In addition, the Contour had not migrated into the subarachnoid space and there was no abnormal scarring. Clipping appears to be a reasonable treatment strategy for failure of embolization with Contour if endovascular means are not suitable.
Fundoscopy in the smartphone age: current ophthalmoscopy methods in neurology
Authors: Corr Richard Henrik
Published: May 2023

The observation of the human retina in vivo began in 1851 after the invention of the first ophthalmoscope by the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. In the following decades, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, with the use of ophthalmoscopes and condensing lenses, respectively, became part of the clinical examination, especially in ophthalmology and neurology. Today, over 170 years later, many ophthalmoscopes and condensing lenses exist on the market. Nevertheless, ophthalmoscopy is still not widely adopted as part of the physical exam of general practitioners, and the teaching of ophthalmoscopy in medical school remains challenging. Studies have shown that students prefer using newer ophthalmoscope models or condensing lenses during training, but most do not feel confident in performing ophthalmoscopy afterwards, regardless of the models used. Also, few students acquire ophthalmoscopes for their future practice, and clinical trials have not clearly demonstrated superiority of newer ophthalmoscope models over the conventional ones in diagnostic accuracy. The technological improvement of smartphone cameras in recent years has made it feasible to photograph the fundus of the eye using ophthalmoscopes or condensing lenses, reducing the need for retinographs and similar equipment. Smartphone assisted indirect fundoscopy is becoming increasingly popular. This approach allows adequate identification of the structures of the fundus, is cost-efficient, easy to implement, and permits easy recording and sharing of the images obtained, which is useful for case discussions and medical teaching. However, controlled clinical trials validating this method in the evaluation of optic nerve pathologies are needed.
Effects of cognitive interventions with video games on cognition in healthy elderly people: a systematic review
Authors: Ishibashi Graciela Akina , Santos Gabriela dos , Moreira Ana Paula Bagli , Verga Cássia Elisa Rossetto , Silva Guilherme Alves da , Ordonez Tiago Nascimento , Moraes Luiz Carlos de , Lessa Patrícia Prata , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Silva Thais Bento Lima da
Published: May 2023

Background Currently, studies using video games as an intervention to improve cognitive functions in the elderly are on the rise.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the effects of cognitive interventions using video games on cognition in healthy elderly people published in the last ten years.

Methods A systematic review involving a qualitative analysis carried out between July and September 2021on the SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE databases..

Results A total of 262 articles were identified in the initial search. After exclusion of duplicates, analysis of titles/abstracts and of the full text, a final total of 9 studies were included in the review. The objectives of the studies included investigating the effects on cognition of cognitive training (CT) programs using video games compared to programs using entertainment games or to low-intensity CT games. Despite the growing number of studies, many of them were focused on cognitive rehabilitation in elderly people with some degree of cognitive impairment, and few involved training among healthy elderly people.

Conclusion According to the studies analyzed, the interventions involving CT with video games promoted significant improvements in processing speed and working memory, but no improvements in executive functions.
A humanistic model of corporate social responsibility in e-commerce with high-tech support in the artificial intelligence economy
Authors: Zavyalova Elena B. , Volokhina Vera A. , Troyanskaya Marija A. , Dubova Yulia I.
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to develop a humanistic model of corporate social responsibility in e-commerce, relying on high technology in an artificial intelligence economy. The research is based on the experience of the top 30 publicly traded e-commerce companies, the 16 most responsible companies in the retail industry in the USA, and the leading global and Russian e-commerce business structures in 2020–2021. Based on econometric modeling, it is substantiated that the humanization (qualitative criterion) of jobs provides an increase in revenues of e-commerce businesses to a greater extent than an increase in the number (quantitative criterion) of jobs. The high technology of the artificial intelligence economy (AI economy) makes it possible to maximize the contribution of responsible HRM of the e-commerce business in increasing its revenues. For this purpose, a humanistic model of corporate social responsibility in e-commerce based on high technology in the AI economy has been developed. The theoretical significance lies in proving the need to humanize jobs in e-commerce and revealing the essence of this process. The practical significance lies in the fact that the developed humanistic model will increase the profitability and, consequently, the resilience of businesses to future economic crises that arise against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Electromagnetic wave absorber better, and thinner, than ever
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: May 2023

Using microspheres and combining two promising electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, Air@RGO/CoNi is a thin but highly effective absorber.
Gate controllable band alignment transition in 2D black-arsenic/WSe2 heterostructure
Authors: Zhong Mianzeng , Cui Baocheng , Mo Zhangxun , Yu Yali , Xia Qinglin , Zhang Fen , Zhou Ziqi , Huang Le , Li Bo , Yang Juehan , He Jun , Wei Zhongming
Published: May 2023

Controlling the manner of band alignment of heterostructures increases design freedom with novel physical properties, enables the design of new functional devices, and improves device performance, but the lattice matching limits the diversity of traditional heterostructures. Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) fabricated by rationally mechanical restacking different two-dimensional (2D) layered materials or sequential synthesis can overcome this limitation. However, it is difficult to achieve full control over the band alignment for a specific vdWHs by means of an applied vertical electric field. Here, we take advantage of the band structure alignment properties of narrow-bandgap black-arsenic (b-As) and large-bandgap WSe2 to realize b-As/WSe2 vdWHs with type-I band alignment. The band alignment can be tuned from type I to type II by gate electric field, which greatly improves the photoresponsivity over 103. An ultra-fast photoresponse of about 570 ns is obtained, which is much better than that of vdWHs with the same structure. The b-As/WSe2 vdWHs also can achieve high-performance rectifier phototransistor with an ultra-high rectification ratio exceeding 106, a small conductance slope of about 86 mV/dec, and a low curvature coefficient of about 46 V−1. Our work paves the way for the exploitation of b-As heterojunction for ultra-fast and low-power optoelectronic applications.
Palladium-mediated CO2 extrusion followed by insertion of ketenes: translating mechanistic studies to develop a one-pot method for the synthesis of ketones
Authors: Yang Yang , Canty Allan J. , O’Hair Richard A. J.
Published: May 2023

Multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) experiments were used to explore extrusion–insertion (ExIn) reactions of the palladium complex [(phen)Pd(O2CPh)]+ (phen, 1,10-phenanthroline). Under collision-induced dissociation (CID) conditions, the organopalladium cation [(phen)Pd(Ph)]+ was formed via decarboxylation and was found to react with phenylmethylketene to yield the enolate [(phen)Pd(CPhMeC(O)Ph)]+ via an insertion reaction. A further stage of CID revealed that the enolate fragments via loss of styrene to form the acyl complex [(phen)Pd(C(O)Ph)]+. Formation of both the coordinated enolate and acyl anions is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Attempts to develop a palladium-mediated one-pot synthesis of ketones from 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid as the key substrate and the ketene substrates R1R2C═C═O (R1 = Ph, R2 = Me; R1 = R2 = Ph) proved challenging owing to low yields and side product formation.
Redox profile and mediators of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the placenta of rats during pregnancy
Authors: dos Anjos Cordeiro Jeane Martinha , Santos Luciano Cardoso , Santos Bianca Reis , Santos Emilly Oliveira , Nascimento Acácia Eduarda de Jesus , Freitas Gustavo José Cota de , Singulani Junya de Lacorte , Santos Daniel de Assis , Lavor Mário Sérgio Lima de , Silva Juneo Freitas
Published: May 2023

Context Proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of trophoblastic cells are influenced by hypoxia, as well as adequate modulation of oxidative stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. Aims We aimed to evaluate the expression profile of redox and UPR mediators in the placenta of rats throughout pregnancy. Methods Placental expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (Cat), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), 78 kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite production, were evaluated in Wistar rats on the 10th, 12th, 14th, 16th and 18th day of pregnancy (DP). Key results Increased immunostaining of HIF1α was observed on the 16th and 18th DP, while 8-OHdG and ROS production were greater on the 14th DP. SOD1 and Cat had increased immunostaining on the 14th and 18th DP, while staining of GPX1/2, GRP78 and CHOP was greater on the 18th DP. With regard to gene expression, Hif1α and Sod1 showed increased mRNA expression on the 12th and 16th DP, while Gpx1 had increased expression on the 10th and 16th DP. Cat, Perk and Grp78 gene expression was greater on the 14th DP, unlike Atf6, which showed greater expression on the 12th DP. In contrast, Chop maintained increased expression from the 12th to the 18th DP. Conclusions The placental expression of redox and UPR mediators in rats is influenced by gestational age, with greater expression in periods of greater HIF1α and 8-OHdG expression and at the end of the pregnancy. Implications This study provides data on the physiological modulation of redox and UPR mediators during placental development in rats.
Superposing tidal force fields
Authors: Jensen Jens Højgaard
Published: May 2023

The motion of the Earth relative to the Sun’s inertial frame of reference, is a superposition of the motion of the Earth around the common center of mass of the Moon and the Earth and the motion of that center of mass around the Sun. However, you get the resulting tidal force field due to the simultaneous existence of the Moon and the Sun by superposing a Moon- induced tidal force field and a Sun-induced tidal force field. Where, the Moon-induced tidal force field is calculated as if the Sun were not existing, and the Sun-induced tidal force field is calculated as if the Moon were not existing. The situation may lead to confusion. Thus, we give a formal conceptual account of the state of affairs, and argue that the case is useful when introducing undergraduates to inertial forces and understanding Newtonian mechanics.
A non-coplanar high-precision calibration method for cameras based on an affine coordinate correction model
Authors: Zheng Hao , Duan Fajie , Fu Xiao , Liu Changwen , Li Tianyu , Yan Ming
Published: May 2023

Traditional non-coplanar calibration methods such as Tsai’s method have many problems, such as insufficient calibration accuracy, inconvenient operation, inaccurate models, etc. This paper proposes a new high-precision non-coplanar calibration method that aims to solve these problems. Like Tsai’s method, the proposed calibration method utilizes a one-dimensional displacement stage and a two-dimensional plane target to generate a virtual 3D feature point sequence. As an improvement, an affine coordinate correction model is applied to ensure the accuracy and orthogonality of the obtained virtual 3D coordinates. A novel and accurate camera calibration model is further established. Compared with Tsai’s model, which uses a radial alignment constraint and ignores the orthonormal constraint of the rotation matrix, the proposed calibration model fully considers the degrees of freedom of the camera’s parameters to be calibrated, as well as the lens’s nonlinear distortion parameters. More accurate analytical solutions of intrinsic and extrinsic parameters can be obtained with the proposed calibration model. Finally, a novel high-precision non-coplanar calibration method is proposed based on the proposed calibration model. The reprojection experiment proves that the calibration accuracy of this calibration method is better than that of Tsai’s and Zhang’s calibration methods under the same calibration conditions. As a supplement, a novel binocular camera system extrinsic parameter calibration method with known intrinsic parameters is proposed. With accurate intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, the binocular camera system’s relative measurement accuracy could be within 1/10 000. Overall, this method can be used in experimental and industrial applications that require high-precision calibration parameters.
Large improvement of the tensile strength of carbon nanotube films in harsh wet environments by carbon infiltration
Authors: Chen Yu Ting , Liu Guo Long , Shi Hong Liang , Zhan Hang , Wang Jian Nong
Published: May 2023

Carbon nanotube (CNT) materials show large degradation in tensile strength when they are exposed in chemically active environments due to the loss of inter-tube bonding. Here, we report the suppression of such degradation by chemical vapor infiltration of amorphous carbon into CNT films. The amorphous carbon generated by the thermal decomposition of the gaseous hydrocarbon of acetylene is firmly bonded on the CNT sidewalls and intersections. Based on the improved inter-tube bonding and restriction of inter-tube sliding, the tensile strength of the film is improved to be 3 times of the original level. More importantly, the bonding is so strong and stable that the high tensile strength remains with little loss even in harsh wet environments such as boiling alcoholic, acidic, alkaline solutions and seawater. Such harsh environments-tolerant properties, which were rarely observed before, could open new windows for the CNT/C composite material to be applied from functional devices to structural components under extreme corrosive conditions.
Photoconductivity spectroscopy of arsenic-related acceptors in HgCdTe
Authors: Ikonnikov Anton , Rumyantsev Vladimir , Sotnichuk Mikhail , Mikhailov Nikolay , Dvoretsky Sergey , Varavin Vasily , Yakushev Maxim , Morozov Sergey , Gavrilenko Vladimir
Published: May 2023

The arsenic impurity is widely considered to be the best choice for p-type doping of HgCdTe ternary alloys, which has been a formidable problem for decades. This work studies the terahertz photoconductivity of Hg1–x
Cd
x
Te with x ∼ 0.22 doped with arsenic and subjected to activation annealing to obtain p-type conductivity. In addition to the inevitable photoexcitation lines of mercury vacancies, which act as double acceptors, the spectra contain a distinctive line associated with the photoexcitation of the arsenic-related acceptor. In contrast to the predictions of the effective mass approximation, the binding energy of the acceptor is found to be about 25 meV. The possible reasons for this unexpectedly high chemical shift, which is not quite consistent with the data recently obtained from photoluminescence and Hall effect measurements, are discussed.
The morphological and mechanical characterization of UHMWPE based composite: an experimental study
Authors: Basrani Jitendra , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Pramod
Published: May 2023

Natural fiber and its hybrid composites have a promising future due to their economic, lightweight, environmentally superior, and sustainable properties. The purpose of this research is to explore the morphological and physical properties of composites made of hemp-epoxy and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene-hemp-epoxy. The compression moulding technique is used to fabricate the UHMWPE -hemp hybrid composite and hemp-epoxy sample at a different orientation. These samples are subjected to different types of mechanical testing, including flexural, impact, hardness, and tensile tests at different strain rates as per ASTM standards. The result indicates that the flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness of the hybrid composite are more than the hemp composite. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to examine fractography at various strain rates. It is found that with the increase in the strain rate, tensile strength increases. It is observed that there is an increase of more than 56.49% in the specimen’s strength with the addition of 8.3% ultrahigh molecular weight polyethene fiber reinforcement.