bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of the Highly Effective Peptide Bond Hydrolysis by MOF808 Catalyst Under Biologically Relevant Conditions
Authors: Conic Dragan , Pierloot Kristine , Parac-Vogt Tatjana , Harvey Jeremy
Published: May 2020

Efficient and selective hydrolysis of inert peptide bonds is of paramount importance. MOF-808, a metal-organic framework based on Zr6 nodes, can hydrolyze peptide bonds efficiently under biologically relevant conditions. However, the details of the catalyst structure and of the underlying catalytic reaction mechanism are challenging to establish. By means of DFT calculations we first investigate the speciation of the Zr6 nodes and identify the nature of ligands that bind to the Zr6O8H4-x core in aqueous conditions. The core is predicted to strongly prefer a Zr6O8H4 protonation state and to be predominantly decorated by bridging formate ligands, giving Zr6(μ3-O)4(μ3-OH)4(BTC)2(HCOO)6 and Zr6(μ3-O)4(μ3-OH)4(BTC)2(HCOO)5(OH)(H2O) as the most favorable structures at physiological pH. The GlyGly peptide can bind MOF in several different ways, with the preferred structure involving coordination through the terminal carboxylate analogously to the binding mode of formate ligand. The pre-reactive binding mode in which the amide carbonyl oxygen coordinates the metal core lies 7 kcal higher in free energy. The preferred reaction pathway is predicted to have two close-lying transition states, either of which could be the rate-determining step: nucleophilic attack on the amide carbon atom and C-N bond breaking, with calculated relative free energies of 31 and 32 kcal/mol, respectively. Replacement of formate by water and hydroxide at the Zr6 node is predicted to be possible, but does not appear to play a role in the hydrolysis mechanism.
Mechanical Properties of Water Purification Industry Used Natural Rubber/Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Blends that Prepared Via Different Sulfur Curing Systems
Authors: Tang Ruogu
Published: May 2020

The water industry used NR was selected for blending with SBR. A series of NR/SBR vulcanizates were prepared through three different vulcanization systems, conventional vulcanization (CV), effective vulcanization (EV) and semi-effective vulcanization (SEV) respectively, basing on each formulation and optimum curing time. We examined the mechanical properties of NR/SBR vulcanizates including tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, modulus, Shore A hardnessand and relative volume abrasion. The results indicated that NR/SBR vulcanizates prepared in different systems differed in mechanical properties. Vulcanizates prepared via CV showed higher tensile and tear strength; vulcanizates prepared via EV had high modulus and hardness, and vulcanizates prepared via SEV performed high abrasion resistance.
政企校合作模式下农村中职电子商务人才培养探究
Authors: 刘 沙沙
Published: May 2020

随着社会经济的不断发展和信息时代的全面到来，中国电子商业获得了迅猛的发展。为了进一步推进农村经济改革进程，加快农村电子商务的发展，中国出台了一系列的政策，对农村电子商务人才的培养活动提供了有力支持，希望能够持续推进农村电子商务的发展，充分发挥电子商务人才的作用和价值，为农村经济的发展提供源源不断的活力和生命力。论文主要针对政企校合作模式下农村中职电子商务人才培养的路径进行研究。
存故与趋新——近代中国书院改制研究综述
Authors: 覃 琳
Published: May 2020

清代的书院改制，使以书院为代表的传统教育机构被新式学堂取代，这一过程不仅仅是教育机构名称的更替，还包含着以学习西方为重要特征的传统教育的现代转化和中西文化的关系处理问题。对这一历史的再认识，尤其是中国传统教育与新式教育关系处理，关系着中国一百多年以来教育发展方向。论文是关于近代中国书院改制研究的一篇专题性综述，主要对80年代以来与书院改制直接相关和间接相关的研究加以评述，力图呈现该领域探讨的主要问题、研究方式、研究人群等。书院改制涉及晚清政治改革、文化思想、社会结构、教育变革等多方面内容，这些方面业已有相应的学术成果，但是直接关于书院改制的深入研究却比较少，书院改制的进一步研究需要综合多方面研究成果，尤其是避免在传统教育与现代新式教育之间存有先入为主的价值判断，应当实事求是地认识书院改制的历史。
探析文化生态保护区的建设必要性
Authors: 党 韫
Published: May 2020

文化是一个国家或地区最重要的财富，从不同的文化中可以看出这个国家或地区深厚的社会发展底蕴，因此建设文化生态保护区是极其重要的。中国新疆塔城是多民族集中的地方，在这个地方有着深厚的文化底蕴，也有着多彩的文化内涵，在新疆塔城建设文化生态保护区可以保护、传承、创新这多彩的塔城文化。文化具有独特的价值，将非物质文化遗产保护起来，有利于保护深厚的历史文化；建设文化生态保护区，有助于保护非物质文化遗产的人文环境和自然环境。
Aliteracy Among Teachers? Investigating the Reading Habits of Elementary and Early Childhood Educators
Authors: Giles Rebecca M. , Tunks Karyn W.
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Since the reading habits of both preservice and inservice teachers have been linked to their abilities as reading teachers, aliteracy among teachers is particularly distressing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount of leisure time elementary teachers spend reading literature for pleasure. Prekindergarten through sixth grade teachers (N=24) enrolled in a graduate education course logged the minutes they spent engaged in various leisure activities during one week of the summer. Reading literature, defined as the reading of novels, short stories, plays, or poetry in oneâ€™s spare time, ranged from 0 to 845 minutes. Of the 13 activities investigated, the highest average amount of time was spent watching movies (M=552.92). Reading literature for pleasure had the eighth highest mean (M=123.13). Pairwise comparisons revealed no significant difference (t = -.795, p < .435) between time spent reading literature and time spent in other non-literature leisure activities. Results or paired samples t-tests indicated that participants spent significantly less time reading newspapers/magazines (t = 2.696, p < .013) and reading blogs (t = 2.783, p < .011) and significantly more time watching movies (t = -3.287, p < .003) than reading literature for pleasure. It appears that lack of motivation may be a factor in participantsâ€™ decision to read literature for pleasure as opposed to either lack of time or technological distractions.
Mock Conferenceâ€™s Impact on Internalizing Translating and Interpreting Learnersâ€™ Motivation
Authors: Gao Min Juan
Published: May 2020

The internalization of motivation in second/foreign language (L2) learning and the use of mock conferences (MCs) to prepare Translating and Interpreting learners for future professional careers have been widely researched by scholars, butÂ whether mock conference can facilitate the internalization of T&I learnersâ€™Â motivationÂ are under-researched. Based on Self Determination Theory (SDT), this thesis investigates the effectiveness of MC in facilitating internalization of motivation through an empirical studyÂ whichÂ involves a two-week long pedagogical experiment on two parallel classes of T&I learners taught by the same teacher in their first year of graduate study at Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Beijing Foreign Studies University. The research showsÂ that compared with traditional teacher-centered teaching model, MCsÂ can better facilitate internalization of T&I learnersâ€™ motivation.Â This article justifies the use of MCs as a situated approach in interpreting teaching and describes the design of MCsÂ according to the psychological needs of Self Determination Theory (SDT). In addition, the paperÂ offers suggestions for further improvement of mock conferenceâ€™s design at postgraduate level.Key words: second/foreign language (L2) acquisition; mock conference; self-determination; internalization ofÂ motivation
Relative risk of injury due to alcohol consumption in car and motorcycle drivers
Authors: Yadollahi Mahnaz , Pazhuheian Forough
Published: May 2020

Background: There is strong evidence that a substantial number of fatal as well as nonfatal injuries in road traffic accidents result from alcohol consumption and abuse. Aims: To examine the relationship between blood alcohol concentration and characteristics of injury in trauma patients admitted to a major teaching hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional investigation of trauma characteristics among 38 435 car and motorcycle drivers referred to the South of Iran Trauma Center between October and March 2018. A log-binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relative risk of each covariate on the Injury Severity Score. Results: There were 253 patients (7.78%) with alcohol consumption. Also, blood alcohol level was positive in 8.66% and 6.93% of car and motorcycle drivers, respectively. The ISS in alcohol consumers and nonconsumers was 6.34 (standard deviation; 8.73) and 4.12 (7.78), respectively, which was significantly higher in the alcohol consumers (t test = 12.96, P < 0.001). Therefore, alcohol consumption was a significant factor in increasing the relative risk of injury, which was 2.83 units more than among drivers who had not consumed alcohol. Conclusions: Our findings show that the police and law enforcement agencies have a responsibility to enforce stricter rules to reduce drink driving and the burden of trauma on the healthcare system.
Deutsche Modalpartikel in Nichthauptsatz- und Infinitkonstruktionen
Authors: Abraham Werner
Published: May 2020

Ich zeichne die Leistungen und Vorkommensbedingun gen der deutschen Modalpartikel anhand verschiedener Fragen vor, die im mer schon im Mittelpunkt analytischer Beschreibungen gestanden haben (vgl.  Whitt 2015), die aber heute deutlicher formuliert werden können, vor allem unter Bezug auf die Com mongrounddimension, die zwischen Vorkontext und der aktuellen Äußerung bzw. Sprecher und Adressat vermittelt. Spezielle Aufmerksamkeit gilt den Beschränkungen, unter denen Modalpartikel in abhängigen Sätzen erscheinen.
Deutsche Modalpartikeln in Befehlssätzen: Intersubjektivität, Deontik und Satzmodusspezifizierung
Authors: Modicom Pierre-Yves
Published: May 2020

Der Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über den Gebrauch von Modalpartikeln (MPn) in deontischen Sprechakten an. Wie verhalten sich MPn, die oft dem epistemischen Bereich zugeordnet werden, in Äußerungen ohne epistemische Komponente? Am Beispiel von doch skizziere ich zunächst ein Modell zur Verortung der modalen und illokutiven Interpretationsbreite von MPn. Dann wird der Gebrauch von JA, eben, halt und ruhig in Befehlsätzen untersucht. Schließlich werden die Sonderfälle nur und mal behandelt.
Form und Semantik der Mittel-„Interpretation“ in typologischer Perspektive
Authors: Kokutani Shigehiro
Published: May 2020

Das Medium gilt zwar als übereinzelsprachliches Phänomen, aber mediale Erscheinungen in Einzelsprachen unterscheiden sich vor allem in der Formenseite viel voneinander. Daher sieht man immer mehr das Wesen des Medium in seiner Semantik. Damit entwickelt sich die semantische Forschung des Mediums, diese Richtung lässt insofern etwas zu wünschen übrig, als diathetische Eigenschaften des Mediums immer noch nicht genug erklärt sind. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird nach der Zusammenfassung der Forschungen erneut das Medium als Diathese probeweise untersucht.
Zu der reportativen Evidentialität und information transfer in polnischen Formen mit "mieć" und Partizipien der verba dicendi
Authors: Bartelik Piotr
Published: May 2020

In dem Beitrag wird eine spezifische Gruppe der polnischen mieć-Konstruktionen mit Partizipien der verba dicendi einer eingehenden synchronen Studie unterzogen. Die eruierten Formen mit mówić//powiedzieć, za-/nakazywać//za-/nakazać und wpajać//wpoić werden nicht nur auf der Folie ihrer „quasi passivischen” Interpretation, sondern auch vor dem Hintergrund der extensions im TAM1 -Gefüge erwogen, indem Sätze wie mam powiedziane/mamy zakazane/mamy wpojone im Sinne grammatischer Ausdrücke der reportativen Modalität interpretiert werden. Darüber hinaus werden ihre grundlegenden ereignisstrukturellen und rollensemantischen Eigenschaften angesprochen. Den ganzen hier nur skizzierten Kontext rundet die These ab, dass Informationswiedergabe eine Art des Possessivitätstransfers ist.
Die verlorene Seele einer Stadt. Danzig zwischen der Freien Stadt und den Revolutionen 1848/1849
Authors: Baliński Aleksander
Published: May 2020

Über Jahrhunderte hatte die an der Weichselmündung lebende Danziger Bevölkerung ein charakteristisches, souveränes Gemeinwesen hervorgebracht. Nach der erneuten Besetzung Danzigs durch die Preußen 1814 bewirkte die dezidiert antipreußische Gesinnung der Stadtbewohner gewisse Zugeständnisse seitens der Berliner Regierung. Obwohl die lokalen Zivilrechte beinahe ein halbes Jahrhundert ihre Gültigkeit behalten durften, schritt der wirtschaftliche Niedergang der Stadt, die während der Napoleonischen Kriege sehr verarmt war und bis 1857 Schulden zurückzahlen musste, voran. Noch in den 1830er Jahren identifizierte sich die Mehrheit der Danziger nicht mit Preußen. In den nachfolgenden Generationen machte sich aber ein Integrationsprozess bemerkbar, für den die Schulpflicht, der Wehrdienst und die Zuwanderung aus umliegenden Gebieten verantwortlich waren. Um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts war die lokale Identität vermutlich in zwei Hälften gespalten: Einerseits gab es die Alt-Danziger, andererseits – die zugewanderten Anhänger der „preußischen Option“. Die Zukunft gehörte den Letzteren, auch wenn die Ersteren noch zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts an der Mottlau anzutreffen waren.
Danziger Weinpreislisten. Zum Text im urbanen Raum
Authors: Turska Marta
Published: May 2020

Der vorliegende Beitrag wird den im Zeitraum 1913–1938 in Danzig herausgegebenen Weinpreislisten gewidmet, die in der Bibliothek der Polnischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Gdańsk aufbewahrt werden. Die an die Kunden verschickten Preislisten haben die Form mehrseitiger, teilweise reich verzierter gehefteter Broschüren mit kartoniertem Um schlag und sind als Texte mit dominierender informativer Funktion aufzufassen. Den Ausgangspunkt für die Analyse der Preislisten stellt der Katalog der Textualitätsmerkmale von de Beaugrande / Dressler (1981) dar. Das besondere Augenmerk gilt dem räumlichen und zeitlichen Kontext der Entste hung der Preislisten, der Einblick in die Danziger Wirklichkeit der jeweiligen Epoche gewährt und vermittelt, welche urbanen und kulturellen Elemente im kollektiven Gedächtnis der Einwohner der Stadt und in ihrer gemeinsamen Identitätsbildung eine Rolle spielten.
Die Danziger Werbemarken („Cinderella stamps“) aus den Jahren 1900–1939
Authors: Kwiatkowska Aneta
Published: May 2020

Zu den mehr als 1000 Kategorien von ephemeren Drucken, die in der britischen Encyclopedia of ephemera (2001) erfasst sind, werden auch „Cinderella stamps“ gezählt: Bildmarken mit Werbemotiven. Diese unscheinbaren Ephemera, die bislang relativ selten erforscht wurden, dienten vor allem Werbe- und Propagandazwecken. Als intentionale Gedächtnisträger (vgl. Szpociński 2014: 278, Kula 2002) sollten sie das kollektive Gedächtnis der Gemeinschaft prägen, die Gebrauch von ihnen machte. An einem so spezifischen Ort wie Danzig in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts hatten sie vor allem die Aufgabe, die lokale Identität zu stärken. Der Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel, ausgewählte Danziger „Cinderella stamps“ aus den Jahren 1900–1939 im Hinblick auf diese identitätsbildende Funktion zu charakterisieren.
Agrogenic evolution of organic matter in peat soils of Western Siberia
Authors: Motorin A. S.
Published: May 2020

The influence of the groundwater level (GW), vegetable crop rotation and mineral fertilizers on the change in the composition of organic matter of medium-thick peat soil was determined. The study was conducted on lysimeters with an adjustable level (0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 1–2.0 m) of groundwater occurrence; in a vegetable-feed crop rotation spread in time and space; under perennial grasses without prior cultivation of annual crops. It was established that in the arable layer (0.2 m) of peat soil, the bitumen content at GW level of 0.5 m was lower by 1.65% than at a depth of 1.0 m, and by 4.34% than at a depth of 1.5 m. The maximum amount of water-soluble substances (5.68%) and substances hydrolyzable by 2% HCl (34.25%) was established at GW level of 0.5 m. It was 1.2 and 3.4–3.8% higher than at groundwater level of 1–1.5 m, respectively. With GW level of 1.5 m, the amount of humic acids decreased by 4.5% compared to their occurrence at a depth of 0.5 m. The amount of fulvic acids in the arable layer depends on the GW level (r = 0.79). The content of substances hardly hydrolyzable by 80% H2SO4 in the arable layer decreased from 2.82 to 2.31% with an increase in groundwater depth from 0.5 to 1.5 m. It was observed that the amount of lignin decreased with an increase in groundwater depth from 0.5 (6.66%) to 1.5 m (5.30%). Five- year cultivation of crops in the vegetable-feed crop rotation did not lead to significant changes in the composition of the organic matter of peat. Grassing of peat soils with perennial grasses without sowing pre-crops ensures preservation of peat organic matter and prevents its substantial transformation. Mineral fertilizers reduce the rate of accumulation of hardly-hydrolyzable and non-hydrolyzable forms due to more severe oxidative-hydrolytic conditions in the soil and because of an increase in the amount of fresh plant material as a result of crop and root residues.
Mathematical model for choosing grain crops cultivation technologies
Authors: Alt V. V. , Balushkina E. A. , Isakova S. P.
Published: May 2020

Research has been conducted to improve the efficiency of agricultural production by choosing technology and technical equipment based on a mathematical model, taking into account the peculiarities of location and production conditions of a farm. The limiting factors of the development of grain production are highlighted such as moisture content and the sum of temperatures during the growing season, frost-free period, etc. Basic soil tillage technologies that minimize the impact of limiting factors on the yield are considered. A generalized block diagramme of the selection process of technologies and technical means for the crop cultivation is presented. Constraints are formed that affect the choice of agricultural technology such as soil and climatic conditions, phytosanitary conditions, crop rotation, availability of seeds and  equipment,  etc.  Optimization  criteria have been substantiated that allow to choose technologies and technical means, ensuring cost reduction, energy saving and labor saving while following the specified agrotechnical deadlines of technological operations. A mathematical model has been developed with optimality criteria: consumption of fuels and lubricants, the number of machine operators and production cost. The model includes the following restrictions: the agroclimatic location of the farm, personnel potential, and fulfilment of a given amount of work. The model allows to evaluate agricultural technology and technical means according to the following parameters: the minimum amount of direct costs, the minimum consumption of fuel and lubricants and the necessary number of machine operators for the implementation of agricultural technology. This model will become the basis of the software, which will be used to test the results and data obtained on a specific farm. The use of this software will increase the efficiency of agricultural production by making informed management decisions for agricultural producers in the selection and implementation of technologies.
Method of assessment ecological plasticity of cereal crop varieties
Authors: Grebennikova I. G. , Cheshkova A. F. , Stepochkin P. I. , Aleynikov A. F. , Chanyshev D. I.
Published: May 2020

The results of testing new Agrostab computer program “Indicators of stability of agricultural crops varieties” based on long-term (2017–2019) field research data in Novosibirsk region are presented. The program implements modern methods for assessing the ecological plasticity of varieties and allows to evaluate the stability of genotypes by a set of phenotypic characters. The research material was common spring wheat varieties from the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirskaya 15, Novosibirskaya 31, Sibirskaya 12), and collection forms of spring hexaploid triticale from the VIR world collection Lt-F6544-6 (k-3992), variety Ukro (k-3644) and Sears 57 × Ukro hybrid received as a result of breeding. The samples had a different ecological and geographical origin and belonged to different ripeness groups. Plants were grown organically without the use of fertilizers and pesticides. They were sown at different times after bare fallow in four repetitions. In the course of the experiment, the following genotype stability indicators were determined: environmental variance, coefficient of homeostaticity, weighted homeostacity index, steadiness of stability index, coefficient of multiplicativity, specific adaptive ability, superiority measure, ecovalence, regression to environmental index, non-parametric stability index. The necessity of using the complex value of the integrated selection index to calculate the parameters of plasticity and genotype stability is shown. Testing of the Agrostab program for breeding of spring triticale made it possible to determine the targeted vector for the selection of varieties in the agroclimatic conditions of Western Siberia and adaptive samples to be included in hybridization. The use of new models and methods of statistical data analysis to determine the environmental plasticity of varieties and hybrids will increase the efficiency of the breeding process.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MASTERY LEARNING TECHNIQUE ON IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN COMPLETING ENGLISH NATIONAL EXAMINATION
Authors: Nadeak Bernadetha , Naibaho Lamhot
Published: May 2020

This research is aimed at finding the effectiveness of mastery learning technique on improving students' ability in completing the English National Examination. This study was done at Bimbingan Belajar Gereja HKBP Sutotoyo, Jakarta. The research method used was quantitative research with "pre and post-test design", using two groups of research subjects. The population of the study 88 students consisted of Primary School (23 people)  and Senior High School Students (62 persons), and the sample of the students was the Junior High School Students which was divided into group namely experimental group (33 persons) and control group (32 persons) which were selected using clustering sampling. The instrument of the research was a set of English Final Examination. The finding of the research is that the t-value is greater than t-table (4.323> 2,000) and the significance value is smaller than the significance level of 0.05 (0.000 <0.05). Then it is concluded that mastery learning technique significantly affects the students' ability in completing the English National Examination at Bimbingan Belajar HKBP Sutoyo, Jakarta. So, it is suggested that mastery learning technique should be implemented to improve the students' ability in completing the English National Examination.
Bis[2-(metilamino)troponato]bakır(II) Molekülünün Yapısal ve Elektronik Özelliklerinin Deneysel ve Kuramsal Analizleri
Authors: UZUN Serap , DEMİRCİOĞLU Zeynep
Published: May 2020

Bis[2-(metilamino)troponato]bakır(II) molekülünün moleküler, elektronik ve kimyasal yapısı incelendi. Hesaplamalı kimya yöntemlerinden yoğunluk fonksiyonel kuramı kullanılarak molekülün deneysel olarak elde edilemeyen lokal ve global kimyasal aktivite parametreleri ve elektrofilik ve nükleofilik doğasının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bunun yanı sıra çalışılan molelükün optik bir materyal olma eğilimi incelenmiştir. Yapının kararlılık enerjisi, konjüge etkileşimler, yörünge orbitallerinin stabilizasyonu, hibritleşme yüzdeleri ve geçiş durumları incelendi.
Pengamatan Uji Daya Berkecambah dan Optimalisasi Substrat Perkecambahan Benih Kecipir [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L. (DC)]
Authors: Rahayu Anggit Dwi , Suharsi Tatiek Kartika
Published: May 2020

Ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan dari sayuran indigenous masih sangat terbatas. Pengujian mutu benih menjadi langkah dasar yang penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan produksi dan konsumsi dari sayuran indigenous. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) pengembangan metode uji daya berkecambah benih kecipir pada aspek penentuan pengamatan hitungan pertama dan kedua; (2) pemilihan substrat alternatif perkecambahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengujian Mutu Benih dan Penyimpanan Benih IPB selama lima bulan. Penelitian dibagi ke dalam dua percobaan, percobaan pertama yaitu penentuan hitungan pertama dan kedua, percobaan kedua yaitu optimalisasi substrat perkecambahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penentuan hitungan dalam pengamatan uji daya berkecambah benih kecipir menggunakan alat pengecambah tipe eco-germinator dilakukan pada hari ke-6 untuk hitungan pertama dan hari ke-8 untuk hitungan kedua. Kertas CD dapat digunakan sebagai substrat kertas alternatif apabila pengujian benih menggunakan metode UKDdp. Substrat pasir kontrol dengan metode in sand merupakan substrat terbaik apabila pengujian benih dilakukan tanpa menggunakan substrat kertas.
THE EFFECT OF GIVING BRAN AND COPRA MEAL FERMENTATION ON POPULATION GROWTH OF Daphnia magna
Authors: Ilman Fardha
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the formulation of bran and copra meal which produced the highest growth of Daphnia magna. The research use Complete Random Design method that consist of 5 treatments and repeated 3 times. All containers are filled with 2 liters of water with a density of Daphnia magna which is 20 ind/l. Treatment A: giving 100% bran, treatment B: giving 75% bran and 25%, copra meal, treatment C: giving 50% bran and 50% copra meal, treatment D: giving 25% bran and 75% copra meal and treatment E: giving 100% copra meal. The results showed that all treatments have a significant effect on population growth, but do not have on biomass production and death phase. Giving 50% bran and 50% copra meal is the best formulation compared to other treatments with a total density of 173,33 ind/l.
PENGARUH TINGKAT KERAPATAN MANGROVE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa)
Authors: Ilhamudin Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Kerang darah (Anadara granosa) merupakan anggota kekerangan yang termasuk dalam kelas Bivalvia, disebut kerang darah karena kerang ini merupakan jenis kerang yang memiliki pigmen penghasil darah merah (heamoglobin). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat kerapatan mangrove terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kerang darah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dengan 4 kali ulangan, yaitu: P1 (kerpatan tinggi), P2 (tingkat kerepatan sedang), P3 (tanpa mangrove). Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan selama 60 hari menunjukan bahwa tingkat kerpatan mangrove memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan panjang dan berat kerang darah. Pertumbuhan panjang dan berat yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P1 (kerapatan tinggi), sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (tanpa mangrove). Sedangkan hasil tingkat kelangsungan hidup dari masing-masing perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap tingkat kerapatan mangrove.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PUPUK UREA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI ROTIFER (Brachiounus plicatilis)
Authors: Nurlinda Lindabp nur , Waspodo Saptono , Amir Sadikin
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kosentrasi pupuk urea terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan populasi rofiter (Brachionus plicatilis). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu pemberian KW21 1ml/L sebagai kontrol, urea 50 mg/L, urea 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L yang di ulang sebanyak 3 kali. Pengamatan kepadatan dilakukan selama 24 jam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi laju pertumbuhan populasi, pertumbuhan relatif, pertumbuhan spesifik dan waktu penggandaan diri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa laju pertumbuhan populasi rotiter tertinggi 4.34 ind/mL yang di capai pada hari ke-6 (fase eksponensial), pertumbuhan relatif tertinggi 76.33%, pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi 1.88%, serta waktu penggandaan diri tersingkat 1.31 per jam. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, untuk pertumbuhan dianjurkan menggunakan kosentrasi pupuk urea dengan dosis 150 mg/L.
RESPON IKAN SIDAT Anguilla bicolor bicolor TERHADAP MEDIA DENGAN SALINITAS BERBEDA
Authors: Scabra Andre Rachmat , Budiardi Tatag
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas media yang berbeda terhadap kinerja produksi (derajat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan mutlak biomassa, rasio konversi pakan, kadar glukosa darah, dan tingat konsumsi oksigen) ikan sidat Anguilla bicolor bicolor. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah RAL dengan empat pelakuan yang berbeda (A, 0 g/L ; B, 2 g/L ; C, 4 g/L ; dan D, 6 g/L) dan tiga ulangan. Ikan sidat yang digunakan memiliki bobot rata-rata 8,4±0,32  g/ekor dengan padat tebar 4 g/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan A, yaitu pemeliharaan ikan sidat A. bicolor bicolor pada media bersalinitas 0 g/L adalah perlakuan terbaik terhadap parameter uji (derajat kelangsungan hidup 100%; laju pertumbuhan mutlak biomassa 9,31 g/hari; rasio konversi pakan 1,2; kadar glukosa darah 22,30 mg/dL; dan tingkat konsumsi oksigen 1,12 mgO2/g/jam). Kualitas air selama penelitian berada dalam kisaran optimal pemeliharaan ikan sidat (suhu 31,7‒32,9 oC; pH 7,6‒7,7; oksigen terlarut 5,4‒5,8 mg/L; alkalinitas 31,2‒39,5 mg/L; nitrit 0,26‒0,52 mg/L; dan amonia 0,001 mg/L).
JUMLAH HEMOSIT TOTAL PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) YANG DIBERIKAN TAMBAHAN TEPUNG BATANG PISANG PADA PAKAN
Authors: Adni Oktaviana  , Febriani Dian
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah hemosittotal dan sintasan udang vaname (L. vannamei) yang diberikan pakan dengan penambahan tepung batang pisang. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah pemeliharaan udang vaname dengan pemberian pakan yang diberikan penambahan tepung batang pisang dengan dosis 0 gr/kg pakan (A), pemeliharaan udang vaname dengan pemberian pakan yang diberikan penambahan tepung batang pisang dengan dosis 4 gr/kg pakan (B) dan pemeliharaan udang vaname dengan pemberian pakan yang diberikan penambahan tepung batang pisang dengan dosis 6 gr/kg pakan (C). Parameter yang diamati adalah sintasan (SR), jumlah hemosit total (THC) dan pengukuran kualitas air. Parameter kualitas air yang diukurterdiridarisuhu, oksigenterlarut (DO), nilai pH, dankan dungan amoniak. Nilai SR yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini berturut-turut yaitu B (91,30%), C (88,40%) dan A (81,15%).
Dinamika Hubungan Islam-Kristen di Kota Mataram
Authors: Nasrullah Arif , Wijayanti Ika , Nurjannah Siti , Chaniago Dwi Setiawan
Published: May 2020

Religion is not only a teaching that is believed, but also practiced by its followers. Religionaims to regulate relations to God, humans, and other creatures to be able to work togetherand serve as a guide for world and afterlife. The aim of this noble religion becomestarnished when many religious communities had conflict in the name of religion. Althoughconflict can not be separated from human life, it would be strange if the conflict is of areligious background that should bring peace and eliminate chaos. Religious followes whohave a long history of conflict are between Muslims and Christians. The aim of this researchis wants to see how the social relations between Muslims and Christians, as well as thepotential for conflict between the two adherents of the religion. This research is located inthe city of Mataram, where religious conflicts have occurred in this city. The conflictbetween Muslims and Christians in Matatam occurred on January 17, 2000, which wasfinally called the Satu Tujuh Satu conflict (171). This research uses qualitative methods, andthe instruments are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study arethe social relations between Islam and Christianity in Mataram quite well established. Thisis characterized by each religion interacting well in the social sphere such as at work,markets, schools and on campus. The potential for conflict in Mataram is economicinequality, low levels of community literacy, Christianization issues and other socialproblems such as garbage, and juvenile delinquency.
CURIGA RUPTUR ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION PADA KEHAMILAN PRETERM
Authors: Supriadhiana I Gede , Yolanda Adriana Marsha , Putri Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu , Widyastuti Ketut
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: AVM merupakan penyebab paling utama perdarahan intrakranial pada usia muda. Penyebab perdarahan intraserebral paling sering pada kehamilan adalah ruptur AVM. Risiko terjadinya ruptur AVM diperkirakan sebanyak 3.5%. Perdarahan intraserebral pada kehamilan jarang ditemukan, tetapi memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Saat ini, penatalaksanaan dinilai secara individual dan seringkali menjadi dilema bagi para klinisi.

Laporan Kasus: Pasien perempuan, 22 tahun, saat ini sedang hamil anak pertama dengan usia kehamilan 29 minggu datang dengan keluhan utama kelemahan separuh tubuh kanan, yang terjadi mendadak saat sedang duduk. Selain kelemahan separuh tubuh kanan, pasien juga mengeluhkan adanya nyeri kepala, yang dirasakan berdenyut, di seluruh bagian kepala dengan intensitas sedang-berat. Pasien juga sempat muntah 2 kali.Keluhan kesemutan separuh tubuh kanan, bibir mencong, bicara pelo terjadi bersamaan dengan kelemahan separuh tubuh kanan.

Diskusi: Pemilihan terapi pada ruptur AVM memiliki banyak pertimbangan. Saat ini belum didapatkan standar penanganan ruptur AVM selama kehamilan. Pasien dengan ruptur AVM memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya perdarahan ulang, 4 kali lebih besar dibandingkan AVM yang tidak ruptur. Angka kejadian untuk terjadinya ruptur tinggi dalam 1 tahun sejak onset perdarahan pertama kali. Beberapa pilihan penanganan AVM yang ada saat ini mencakup penanganan konservatif dan operatif. Penanganan operatif meliputi reseksi, radiosurgery stereotactic, embolisasi endovascular dan kombinasi. Tujuan utamanya adalah mencegah adanya perdarahan ulang.

Simpulan: Pecahnya pembuluh darah AVM, memiliki risiko untuk terjadi perdarahan ulang sebanyak 6%-15,8% dalam 1 tahun pertama. Penatalaksanaan operatif diperlukan, tetapi belum ada standar penanganan yang baku mengenai waktu dilakukannya penanganan operatif
PROPORSI HIPERHOMOSISTEINEMIA DAN MANFAAT PEMBERIAN VITAMIN B KOMBINASI PADA GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK
Authors: Sanyasi Rosa De Lima Renita , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Pramudita Esdras Ardi
Published: May 2020

Pendahuluan: Pasien gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) sering mengalami hiperhomosisteinemia. Berbagai penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara hiperhomosisteinemia dengan peningkatan kejadian stroke.

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proporsi hiperhomosisteinemia, kemanjuran, serta keamanan pemberian vitamin B kombinasi intravena dalam menurunkan kadar homosistein pada pasien GGK.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian intervensional yang dilakukan pada pasien dengan GGK yang menjalani hemodialisis rutin 2 kali/minggu dan telah rutin memperoleh vitamin B kombinasi intravena (100mg vitamin B1, 100mg vitamin B6, dan 5000mcg vitamin B12). Setelah penghentian pemberian vitamin B kombinasi selama 1 minggu, pemeriksaan kadar homosistein dilakukan 3 kali: kunjungan awal, 2 minggu, dan 4 minggu setelah kunjungan awal. Vitamin B kombinasi kembali digunakan saat kunjungan awal. Hiperhomosisteinemia didefinisikan sebagai kadar homosistein >15,39µmol/L.

Hasil: Terdapat 122 subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Subjek didominasi oleh pria dengan usia rata-rata 51,7 tahun. Asam folat merupakan salah satu obat yang sering dikonsumsi oleh para subjek. Prevalensi hiperhomosisteinemia adalah sebesar 89,3% dari total subjek. Meskipun sebagian besar subjek mengonsumsi asam folat (86,1%), angka kejadian hiperhomosisteinemia masih tinggi. Penurunan kadar homosistein tampak setelah penggunaan vitamin B kombinasi intravena selama 4 minggu (rata-rata 23.43±8.39µmol/L pada kunjungan pertama menjadi 12.24±4.41µmol/L pada kunjungan ketiga, p:0.0008). Terdapat 2 kejadian tidak diharapkan (KTD) selama penelitian ini. Pada investigasi lebih lanjut tidak ada korelasi antara KTD tersebut dengan penggunaan vitamin B kombinasi intravena.

Kesimpulan: Hiperhomosisteinemia adalah kondisi yang sering dijumpai pada pasien dengan GGK yang menjalani hemodialisis rutin. Pemberian vitamin B kombinasi intravena terbukti aman dan efektif dalam menurunkan kadar homosistein.

Kata Kunci: Gagal Ginjal Kronik, Hiperhomosisteinemia, Penyakit Kardiovaskular, Stroke
Orientaciones y decisiones del gobierno Santos en materia de relaciones internacionales entorno de las negociaciones de paz para la terminación del conflicto con las FARC-EP. Una mirada en perspectiva de construcción de paz (2010-2014)
Authors: Vera Castellanos Edgar Alonso
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar las orientaciones y decisiones que, en materia de relaciones internacionales, adelantó el exmandatario Santos en el marco de las negociaciones de paz con el movimiento guerrillero de las FARC-EP. Estas se han estudiado con la finalidad de generar conocimiento académico en torno a su incidencia en perspectiva de construcción de paz, durante el periodo 2010-2014. Entre los aspectos más relevantes se destaca que el primer mandatario haya orientado sus gestiones hacia la cooperación internacional buscando su apoyo para la finalización de este conflicto armado, para que las decisiones que se adoptasen en el Proceso de paz respondieran a los lineamientos establecidos en materias como víctimas y justicia. También para la implementación del acuerdo de paz y en la verificación sobre el cumplimiento del mismo, entre otras.
From Text to Field: Study on the Intercultural Communication of Music in Collection of Chinese Works and Translations by Matteo Ricci from the Perspective of Maritime Silk Road
Authors: Liang Yaoshen
Published: May 2020

In this paper, with Collection of Chinese Works by Matteo Ricci written by Zhu Weizheng and A summary Interpretation of Chinese literature of Matteo Ricci in Ming and Qing Dynasties written by Tang Kaijian as major research texts and historical basis, as well as intercultural communication as the major research method, the aesthetic adaptation of native music of traditional Chinese music, etiquette, sacrifice and religious customs under the description of Matteo Ricci is discussed and interpreted from the perspective of the spread of musical culture of the Maritime Silk Road, four stages of field investigation are planned, and related musical activities and local musical phenomena appearing in his literature have an on-site visit. In this way, the vital position and historical significance of Matteo Ricci’s cultural missionary activities in the music communication on the Maritime Silk Road are obtained.
Research on the Path of Constructing Foreign Discourse System——How to spread China’s Voice Well
Authors: Zhang Miao
Published: May 2020

In an important speech delivered at the 2018 National Propaganda and Ideological Work Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Tell Chinese stories well, spread China’s voices, and increase the national cultural soft power and influence of Chinese culture." National soft power is mainly manifested in the attractiveness of a country, and the improvement of national soft power is conducive to enhancing the international voice. All along, China's hard power and China's soft power development are very unbalanced. China's hard power has not yet been reflected in China's cultural soft power and cultural influence, so that it cannot display China's national image well. Although China has the confidence and self-confidence to tell a good Chinese story, under the environment of international public opinion that "the west is strong and China is weak", it dares not take the initiative to speak up and has been in a dilemma of "being scolded". One of the most important reasons is that China ’s international communication capabilities are not enough. In the current era of highly developed information technology, whoever has advanced communication methods and strong communication capabilities, whoever has the cultural ideas and values can spread out, and who can master the right to speak internationally, it can be said that if there is no effective communication channel, it will fall into the dilemma of "justification is nowhere to be said, and there is no way to spread it."
The Development and Utilization of Red Cultural Resources
Authors: Liao Honglan
Published: May 2020

In recent years, red cultural resources, or visual, artifactual, institutional and other expressions of China’s revolutionary culture as well as the socialist culture fostered by the Chinese Communist Party since its founding, have been used to educate people, reduce poverty in older revolutionary areas where the resources are located, and enhance awareness of the practical utility of learning from history. At the same time, how best to develop and utilization red cultural resources has become a much-debated issue. In the context of this debate, a series of practical problems have emerged that urgently need to be solved. The present study argues that strengthening theoretical research; creating innovative infrastructural, technological, funding, and staffing solutions; improving institutional mechanisms; and strategically shaping the red brand will lead to a more rational and sustainable development of red cultural resources, maximizing their practical utility for Chinese society as a whole.
»Im Zweifel bin ich Leitung!«
Authors: Tergeist Gabriele
Published: May 2020

Mitarbeiter_innen übernehmen zusätzlich zu ihrer Betreuungsarbeit Leitungsfunktionen. Damit verbinden sie Beteiligung, der oberen Ebene geht es primär um Entlastung. Der folgende Beitrag stellt einen begleitenden Coachingprozess in drei Phasen vor. Der Schwerpunkt richtet sich hierbei auf die adaptive »responsiveness« der Leitungskräfte aufgrund mehrerer Wechsel der nächsthöheren Vorgesetzten im Zusammenhang mit Überforderung, drohendem Orientierungsverlust und Neuorientierung. Dargestellt werden die Auseinandersetzungen des Leitungsteams mit dadurch evozierten Spannungszuständen und die Arbeit am Erhalt der Homöostase, ebenso das Empowerment des Teams und der Ausbau entsprechender Verantwortungsübernahme.
Оценка генеративной функции самок крыс при внутрижелудочном введении таблетированного стероида гестобутаноила с гестагенной активностью
Authors: Шеина Н. И. , Паршин В. А. , Колесникова В. В. , Мялина Л. И. , Сазонова Л. П. , Федотчева Татьяна Александровна , Шимановский Н. Л.
Published: May 2020

Изучена генеративная функция самок крыс при внутрижелудочном введении таблеток гестобутаноила в дозах 0,25 и 2,5 мг/кг (расчетная доза, соответствующая терапевтической дозе, и в 10 раз выше). Гестобутаноил вводили в течение 2 недель до беременности, что составляло 2 – 3 эстральных цикла. Показано, что гестобутаноил в дозе 0,25 мг/кг обладал гестагенной активностью: у самок крыс увеличились длительность эструса, индекс фертильности, число желтых тел беременности и живых плодов. Введение гестобутаноила в дозе 2,5 мг/кг оказывало контрацептивный эффект, который выражался в увеличении длительности эстрального цикла, снижением фертильности, числа желтых тел и плодов. Гестобутаноил в обеих дозах не оказывал тератогенного действия и не влиял на жизнеспособность потомства F1 (выживаемость, динамика масса тела, формирование сенсорно-двигательного поведения).
Гелеобразная композиция на основе хитозана и мегосина
Authors: Султанова Э. М. , Орипова М. Ж. , Ощепкова Юлия Игоревна , Салихов Ш. И.
Published: May 2020

Получены гидрогели хитозана с противовирусным препаратом мегосином. Подобраны условия (концентрации раствора полимера, сшивающего агента и лекарственного вещества) образования гидрогеля без отделения жидкой фазы. Показана возможность пролонгированного высвобождения мегосина из разработанного хитозанового гидрогеля. Доказано, что мегосин, содержащийся в гелях, при вагинальном введении не проникает в кровь и органы. Проведено изучение кинетики высвобождения мегосина из хитозановых гидрогелей. 59 % мегосина высвобождается из геля в течение 7 ч.
Влияние производных ГАМК на физическую работоспособность потомства крыс с экспериментальной преэклампсией в разные периоды онтогенеза
Authors: Музыко Елена Андреевна , Ткачева Гульнара Александровна , Очирова Алина Эрдниевна , Суворин Кирилл Витальевич , Перфилова Валентина Николаевна , Нестерова Алла Анатольевна , Тюренков Иван Николаевич
Published: May 2020

Изучено влияние длительного применения производных ГАМК на физическую работоспособность крыс, потомков самок с экспериментальной преэклампсией (ЭПЭ), в разные периоды индивидуального развития. ЭПЭ моделировали заменой питьевой воды на 1,8 % раствор NaCl в течение всего периода беременности. У потомства, рожденного самками с ЭПЭ, отмечено снижение уровня мышечной силы, аэробно-анаэробной выносливости, поддержания равновесия и координации движений как на ранних (40 и 70 дней), так и на более поздних (6 и 12 мес) этапах онтогенеза, по сравнению с потомством здоровых крыс в среднем на 46,7 % (p < 0,05) в тесте «Удержание тела на горизонтальном веревочном канате» («УТ на ГВК») на 25,2 % (p < 0,05) в тесте «Вынужденное плавание с грузом» («ВПсГ»), на 45,7 % (p < 0,05) в тесте «Ротарод». Длительное применение в пубертатном периоде (с 40 по 70 день жизни) производных ГАМК сукцикарда, салифена, фенибута и препарата сравнения пантогама (22, 7,5, 25 и 50 мг/кг соответственно) у потомства, рожденного крысами с ЭПЭ, способствует увеличению физической работоспособности на 33,1, 24,8, 33,2 и 15,1 % (p < 0,05) соответственно в тесте «УТ на ГВК», на 17,4, 18,3, 13,9 и 13,7 % (p < 0,05) в тесте «ВПсГ» по сравнению с потомством крыс с ЭПЭ контрольной группы. У крысят от самок с ЭПЭ в тесте «Ротарод» достоверные отличия от показателей группы негативного контроля были отмечены только у получавших салифен и фенибут — на 30,9 и 22,3 % (p < 0,05).
Вредоносность фузариозной гнили на посеве сахарной кукурузы
Authors: Шабатуков А. Х. , Шидова Л. Х.
Published: May 2020

Изучена возможность сдерживания вредоносности фузариозной корневой и прикорневой гнилей в первые периоды вегетации овощной кукурузы сорта Баксанская сахарная в условиях степной зоны Кабардино-Балкарии в 2018 – 2019 гг. Выявлено, что химические протравители лучше сдерживали заражение и проявление фузариозной гнили, особенно при использовании протравителя Фундазола и смеси Фундазола с микробиопрепаратом Алирином. Значения биологической эффективности изучаемых химических протравителей оказались в 2 раза выше биологических, однако по экологической безопасности более эффективным оказалось использование микробиопрепарата Глиокладин, Ж, где биологическая эффективность составила 57,4 %, что считается нормальным для биофунгицида. При определении экономической эффективности использованных препаратов химические протравители имели наибольшие значения, и их стоимость составила чуть больше 2000 руб./га. Условно чистый доход от использования микробиопрепарата Глиокладин, Ж не уступал вышеперечисленным химическим препаратам, так как соответствовал 2175 руб./га. Применение других микробиопрепаратов против фузариозной инфекции семян кукурузы дало минусовое значение прибавки урожайности, поэтому обеззараживание семян сахарной кукурузы экономически не оправдано.
Влияние различных концентраций хлорида натрия на морфофизиологические характеристики генотипов кукурузы
Authors: Тагиева К. Р.
Published: May 2020

Изучено влияние концентраций хлорида натрия 50 и 100 ммоль на всхожесть семян, содержание зеленых пигментов и активность фотосистемы II в проростках кукурузы сортов Загатала 420, Загатала 514, Загатала 68 и Гурур. Высокие концентрации (100 ммоль) NaCl снижали всхожесть семян, количество пигментов и активность фотосистемы II. Сорта кукурузы Гурур и Загатала 68 были более устойчивыми по сравнению с сортами Загатала 420, Загатала 514.