bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pablo Barriga, historiar desde el arte
Authors: Kingman Manuel , Barriga Mateo , Cevallos Pamela
Published: March 2018

Este ensayo visual presenta un registro de la exposición antológica del artista Pablo Barriga, ganador del Premio Mariano Aguilera a la Trayectoria Artística 2015. A partir de su obra se propone una reflexión que conjuga algunas entradas sobre archivo, historia y memoria.

Palabras claves: Pablo Barriga, historia, arte contemporáneo, Premio Mariano Aguilera.
Koyunlarda ve Keçilerde Beslenme Davranışları
Authors: AKYÜREK Hasan , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Yavuz Selim
Published: March 2018

Hayvan
yetiştiriciliğinde optimum performans alınabilmesi ve kaliteli ürünler elde
edilebilmesi için beslenme davranışlarının dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Hayvan türleri
arasında otlama davranışı bakımından bazı farklılıklar bulunur. Bu farklılıklar
hayvanların sindirim sisteminin anatomik yapısı, soy farklılığı ve çevresel
faktörlerine adaptasyonla ilişkilidir. Otlama davranışı
merada beslenen hayvanların sürüler halinde gerçekleştirdikleri sosyal bir
davranıştır. Merada beslenen koyunlar
ve keçiler otlamayı gün içinde belli dönemlerde yaparlar. Bu derlemede
koyunların ve keçilerin beslenme davranışları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Farklı Sulama Suyu Kalitesi ve Su Düzeylerinin Serada Yetiştirilen Domates Bitkisinin Verim ve Su Kullanım Etkinliği Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Kanburoğlu Çebi Ulviye , Özer Selçuk , Altıntaş Süreyya , Yurtseven Engin , Öztürk Ozan
Published: March 2018

Farklı tuzluluk seviyelerinde ve
farklı oranlarda uygulanan sulama sularının domateste meyve verimi üzerine
etkisinin araştırıldığı çalışma, 2014-2016 yılları arasında Kırklareli Atatürk
Toprak Su ve Tarımsal Meteoroloji Araştırma Enstitüsü arazisinde kurulu olan
yay çatılı ısıtmasız plastik serada yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada dört sulama suyu tuzluluğu; T1: 0.38 dS m-1,
T2: 1.10 dS m-1, T3: 2.50 dS m-1, T4: 5.00 dS m-1
ile üç sulama düzeyi; profildeki mevcut neme göre tarla kapasitesinin %70’i (S1),
%100’ü (S2) ve %130’u (S3) düzeyinde sulama, bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine
göre ele 3 tekerrürlü olarak ele alınmıştır. Sulama
konuları bazında, sırasıyla, 240 mm, 334 mm ve 429 mm sulama suyu
uygulanmıştır. Bitki su tüketimi değerleri 248 mm ile 453 mm arasında
değişmekle beraber en yüksek su tüketimi T1S3 konusunda, en düşük su
tüketimi T4S1 konusunda belirlenmiştir. Sulama suyu tuzluluğu ve miktarı toplam
ve pazarlanabilir meyve verimini etkilemiştir. En yüksek verimler %130 sulama ile 0.38 dS m-1
ve 1.10 dS m-1 tuz seviyelerinde, en düşük verim ise %70 sulama ve
5.00 dS m-1 tuz seviyesinde gözlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre
artan miktarlarda sulama verimi önemli oranda artırırken, kısıtlı sulama, tüm
tuz seviyelerinde azaltmıştır.
GAP Bölgesinde Biberlerde Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum Kök Çürüklüğü Hastalığına Arbüsküler Mikorizal Fungusların Etkinliği
Authors: BİLGİLİ Ayşin , GÜLDÜR Mehmet Ertuğrul
Published: March 2018

Ülkemizde
biber (Capsicum annuum L.), örtü altı
ve tarla yetiştiriciliği olarak iki şekilde üretimi yapılmaktadır. Biber
alanlarında yaygın olarak kurumalara, kalite ve verim düşüşlerine neden olan
hastalık kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğü olup, genelde tarlada bitkilerin gelişme
döneminde ortaya çıkar. Zaman içerisinde bitkide solgunluk, sararma ve
kurumalar görülür. Toprak kökenli olan bu hastalık etmenlerinden özellikle
Fusarium türleri bölgede yaygınlıkla görülen funguslar olarak sürvey
çalışmamızda tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum (Fov)’a karşı mikorizal
funguslardan Glomus mosseae (G.M.), Glomus intraradices (G.İ.), Glomus
etunicatum (G.E.) ve bu üç mikorizal fungusun karışımı olan Mikoriza Mix’in
etkinliği 2016 yılında GAP Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü (GAPTAEM)’nün
tescilli biber çeşidi İnan-3363 üzerinde iklim odasında 25 oC±1 ve %
60 nem koşullarında 4 tekerrürlü olarak test edilmiştir. Hastalık etmeni olarak
ise; Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi biber yetiştirilen farklı illerden toplanan ve
moleküler tanısı yapılan değişik morfolojik yapı gösteren 2 adet Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum
(Fov) izolatı kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, biyolojik mücadelede kullanılmak
üzere mikorizal fungusların bitkinin ve hastalık etmeninin gelişimi üzerine
etkisi araştırılarak, toprağın pH, EC, bitki besin maddesi, kalite
parametrelerinden bitki boyu, meyve sayısı, yaprak sayısı, gövde çapı, yeşil
aksam yaş ağırlık, yeşil aksam kuru ağırlık, kök uzunluğu, kök yaş ağırlığı,
kök kuru ağırlığı, kök kolonizasyonu, toprakta toplam spor sayımı ve hastalık
şiddeti parametrelerine bakılarak etkinlikleri saptanmıştır.
Bazı Adi Fiğ Hat ve Çeşitlerinin (Vicia sativa L.) Ot Verimi ve Ot Kalitesi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çaçan Erdal , Kökten Kağan , Kaplan Mahmut , Yılmaz Hava Şeyma
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışma,
bazı adi fiğ hat ve çeşitlerinin ot verimi ve ot kalitesinin belirlenmesi
amacıyla 2014-2015 yılları arasında iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada
materyal olarak 22 adet adi fiğ hat ve çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma tesadüf
blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada;
bitki boyu, yeşil ot verimi, kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, ham protein
verimi, ham kül, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (ADF), nötral deterjanda
çözünmeyen lif (NDF), sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM), kuru madde tüketimi
(KMT) ve nispi yem değerlerine (NYD) ilişkin veriler ele alınmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda; bitki boyu 31.7-46.9 cm, yeşil ot verimi 447.0-872.4 kg da-1,
kuru ot verimi 122.8-227.4 kg da-1, ham protein oranı %14.2-20.0,
ham protein verimi 21.2-37.3 kg da-1, ham kül %10.3-13.9, asit
deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (ADF) %27.2-35.5, nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen lif
(NDF) %34.8-45.0, sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM) %61.2-67.7, kuru madde
tüketimi (KMT) %2.68-3.54 ve nispi yem değeri (NYD) 129.6-184.0 arasında
değişmiştir. Bu parametreler açısından; Toplesa, Uludağ ve Dicle çeşitlerinin
üstün özellikler göstererek öne çıktığı tespit edilmiştir.
Çay ve Kivi Bitkilerinde Hastalık Oluşturan Pestalotiopsis Türleri
Authors: ERTAŞ Merve Nur , KARAKAYA Aziz
Published: March 2018

Pestalotiopsis geniş konukçu dizisine sahip bir cinsdir. Fungus dünyada birçok bölgede tespit edilmiş olup, genellikle tropik ve subtropik bölgelerde gözlenmiştir. Dünyada Hindistan, Çin, Tayland, Japonya, Güney Kore, Türkiye, İran, Brezilya gibi ülkelerden rapor edilmiştir. Değişik Pestalotiopsis türleri çay (Camellia sinensis) ve kivi (Actinidia deliciosa) bitkilerinde de hastalık yapmaktadır. Çay bitkisinden rapor edilen Pestalotiopsis türleri Pestalotiopsis sp.,  P. theae, P. longiseta, P. guepinii, P. adusta, P. furcata, P. natrassii, P. camelliae ve P. palmarum’dur. Kivide ise Pestalotiopsis sp., P. longiseta, P. neglecta ve P. menezesiana rapor edilmiştir. Bu derlemede çay ve kivi bitkileri üzerinde görülen Pestalotiopsis türleri ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiştir.
A INTERVENÇAO ESTATAL E O COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E FAMILIAR CONTRA A MULHER
Authors: Soares Fernanda Heloisa Macedo , Neves² Érica Roberta Pinto , Carles Fabiana David
Published: March 2018

A presente pesquisa tem como foco a Lei Maria da Penha, Lei nº 11.340, de 07 de Agosto de 2006, como instrumento de combate à violência familiar e doméstica contra a mulher e materialização do princípio da igualdade. A partir do princípio da igualdade, o conjunto normativo vigente no Estado brasileiro dispõe de comandos a fim de combater abusos e agressões que consubstanciam a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher. Logo, em consonância com o artigo 226, § 8º, da Constituição Federal de 1988, surgiu a Lei Maria da Penha. Com o objetivo de trazer mecanismos de combate à violência doméstica contra a mulher no âmbito familiar, essa norma visa possibilitar que o Estado tenha uma atuação mais presente e enérgica, no que diz respeito à coibição desse tipo de violência. O problema que embasou este estudo foi: Quais as principais estratégias de intervenção e combate à violência doméstica e familiar contra as mulheres pelo Poder Público estão previstas na Lei Maria da Penha com vistas à coibição desse tipo de violência e materialização do princípio da igualdade? O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi investigar quais as principais estratégias de intervenção estatal e combate à violência doméstica e familiar contra as mulheres vêm sendo utilizadas pelo Poder Público que visem à coibição desse tipo de violência. Para a elaboração da pesquisa utilizou-se como metodologia a compilação bibliográfica, com abordagens descritiva, analítica e explicativa.
KESALAHAN DIKSI DAN KALIMAT PENGISI SUARA ACARA INFOTAINMENT INSERT
Authors: Suryaningsih Lili
Published: March 2018

This study described errors of the dubbers in the infotaiment issues in the INSERT program presented by Trans TV channel, focusing on diction and sentence variations used by the host.  Problem addressed in this study was to what extents accuracy and accuratness in the words and sentences used by the host met criteria of good and correct Bahasa Indonesia. This study used content analysis with qualitative approach. Data were derived from document analysis obtained from the records of the INSERT program from 1-8 December 2016.  This study concluded that some language errors occured in the selection of words, phrases and sentences, implying meanings in the news was bias, misinterpreted even misled for the audiences. Instead of giving negative impact as an issue or rumor, the news was perceived as propaganda or black campaign.
REVIEW EFEKTIFITAS MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA
Authors: Armadi Samsu
Published: March 2018

Cooperative learning has been implemented widely in teaching learning process resulting optimum outcomes in learning.  Five principles of learning in the cooperative learning are essential, making cooperative learning efficient and different from just placing students into groups.  This paper is a review of cooperative learning for language class.  However, the evidence indicates that cooperative learning is also applicable for lessons other than language class.
METAPHORS IN JAVANESE MANTRA OF KIYAI PRADAH RITUAL CEREMONY
Authors: Solikhah Imroatus
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study is to see the meaning of metaphors in traditional ceremony in Lodoyo named Kiyai Pradah. This study  was ethnography that used qualitative approach. The focus of this study was metaphors identified from the Javanese mantras used for ritual ceremony of Kiyai Pradah in Lodoyo, Blitar. The metaphors were analyzed their literal symbols and their intended meaning based on the Javanese culture. Data were analyzed using category of methapors and interpreting the symbols into the intended meaning.  This study concludes that metaphors used in Javanese mantras of Kiyai Pradah ritual consist of 20 kinds. The metaphors are categories into (1) complimentary metaphors, (2) predicative metaphors, and (3) sentential metaphors. The metaphors represent the Javanese teaching values that put respects and harmony among human beings, the ancestors, and God.
SOCIOLOGY LITERATURE IN SIMPLE MIRACLES NOVEL BY AYU UTAMI AND ITS PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Nurhuda Teguh Alif , Waluyo Herman J. , Suyitno Suyitno
Published: March 2018

This study aims to describe the content of the novel Simple Miracles by Ayu Utami in terms of literary sociology studies. In addition, this study also sees its relevance to the learning of literature in high school grade XII. Novel Simple Miracles tells the spiritual story of the main character and his family in everyday life. In addition, in it also told about the relation of society related to religious, social, culture, and residence. This research uses qualitative descriptive method to describe the result of research of literary sociology on Simple Miracles novel. The results of this study indicate a social relationship between the character both in one family member and outside family members. It is that which indicates a relationship or social value in the novel. This novel also has a Javanese cultural value related to its birth and its inner death. The value of sociology literature study on social, religious, and cultural activities can be used as reference material in the study of literature in high school class XII in KD 4.1.
ESP TEXTBOOK EVALUATION: English for Islamic Learning for College Students
Authors: Suhirman Lalu
Published: March 2018

ESP Textbook evaluation has become a necessary practice in the field of teaching, seeking to assist in the choice of the best suitable textbook for a specific context. This article  presents an evaluation of English textbook “English for Islamic Learning: for College Students”.The researcher identifies how well the textbook meets the students' English learning needs and how much appropriate activities  it is presented.The ESP textbook has been evaluated impressionistically which covers the textbook (contents, presentations, and strategies)  and student’s needs and interests.For this purpose, 20 students and 1 teacher were selected and data were gathered by two questionnaires which were made by Garant (1987). The teacher questionnaire consisted of 10 items and the student version is also consisted of 10 items. An additional component of the study consisted of a student “needs analysis” that was conducted at the same time as the textbook evaluation survey. After analyzing data, it was shown that although the textbook had some drawbacks, especially in terms of language skills,  it had met students’ needs and interests.
MEMAHAMI REALISME MAGIS DANARTO DAN MARQUEZ
Authors: Sundusiah Suci
Published: March 2018

Begun as a theme of painting art, magical realism exists as a typical place in litarature.  The works of magical realism literature efforts to appear magical aspects such as superstition, beliefs, folklor and spiritual substance exceding from the logic into reality of daily lifes.  The substance of the magic is integrated in the accepted traditions and cultures.   This article analyzes short stories of Danarto and a novel of Marquez.  Both aouthors are selected as they represent pionneers of writing style of magical realism from two different cultures.  Both authors express the same writing style, but their patterns of rhetoric differ.  Danarto focuses on the magical realism of religion, sufism and Javanese cultures, combining magical realism with surealism styles.  In addition, Marquez brings readers to the structure of  Latin American society that produces unpredictable magical cultures.
PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS KEMBALI DONGENG YANG TELAH DIBACA DENGAN METODE KONSTRUKSIVISME DI MTS AL MUTTAQIN BUPER JAYAPURA
Authors: Supardi Supardi
Published: March 2018

This study describes rewriting process of tale reproduction and attainment in reproduction of a tale using constructivism teaching tecniques.  This study used Classroom Action Researc design on two cycles. Students were asked to rewrite contents of the tales and edited the writing on its contents and language use.  Subject of the study was 25 eigth graders of MTs Almuttaqien Buper, Jayapura.  Data were writing texts on the tales produced by students and scores on the quality of the texts.  Findings of the study showed that in cycle I students’ writing production was short of content and outline resulting incomplete quality.  Competency standard achieved in cycle I was 64%, below minimum criteria of attainment.  In cycle II students achieved 84% on rewriting the tales, indicating higher achievement than minimum criteria 75%.  This means constructivism has been successfully increased students’ attainment on reproducing tales they read.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL THINK PAIR SHARE DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENANGKAP MAKNA TEKS TANGGAPAN KRITIS SISWA KELAS IX SMPN 1 KARANGPLOSO
Authors: Dalismi Dalismi
Published: March 2018

This study aims to improve motivation and learning outcomes capture the meaning of the text critical response class IX students of SMPN 1 Karangploso using learning model Think Pair Share (TPS). This type of research using the design of classroom action research with two cycles. Based on the results of learning in the second cycle there is an increase in the persistence indicator by 78%; seriousness of 76%; the attractiveness of the material 76%; independence 84%; cooperation 80%; the persistence of 82%, while the average score of exercises that 81.29% of students answered. From the data obtained by observation and questionnaires can be concluded that the implementation does learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) can improve motivation and learning outcomes capture the meaning of the text critical response class IX students of SMPN I Karangploso the academic year 2015/2016.
CAMPUR KODE PADA PIDATO PRESIDEN SBY DALAM PERAYAAN HUT KE-69 REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Yastanti Unpris
Published: March 2018

This study aims to identify code mixing used by the late President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) in his speech delivered in the 69th Indonesian Indepence Day.  This study used content analysis implementing qualitative approach.  A text of the official speech issued by the presidential office was used as sources of data.  Corpora in the text was identified and classified as they were presented as code mixing in the social interaction contexts.  This study revealed (1) 11 code mixings were present in the president speech, (2) types of code mixing in the speaach were insertion, and (3) the code mixing styles appearing in the presidential speech  were communicatively delivered.
KEKACAUAN TINGKAT TUTUR BAHASA JAWA DI LINGKUNNGAN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Romelah Romelah
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to describe the shape and factors causing environmental unstructured speech level in Kebumen. This study used a qualitative descriptive study. Data of this study were verbal utterances using Javanese uttered by teenagers and adults in Puring District, Kebumen regency, Central Java.  The results showed that the shape of the chaos of speech level includes: (a) the form of higher manners (krama inggil) to polite manners (ngoko alus), (b) the form of polite manners (ngoko alus) to higher manners (krama inggil) and (c) to form higher polite manners (ngoko inggil). The unstructured speech levels occur as a result of: (1) lack of knowledge/ understanding of the use poliness patterns of Javanese, (2) direct contact among migrants from Yogyakarta and Solo cities of the native politness Javanese originate, (3) low education level, (4) low frequency of speaking Javanese using polite pattersn, and (5)  lack of mastery of vocabulary and speech level in polite manners of Javanese to teach younger generations.
KAJIAN SEMIOTIK KULTURAL PERIBAHASA (SESENGGAQ) SASAK
Authors: Diniarti Dian Aprilia
Published: March 2018

This study investigates the form and meaning of Sasak proverbs.  This study used qualitative approach, relying on semiotic analysis from Roland. Subjects of the study were 7 people of East Lombok at the age of 40 years.  Data were collected through observation and interview. The study revealed that proverbs in Sasak language have their forms and meaning.  Nine kinds of form were identified in this study and the meaning indicated denotative and connotative meaning.  The forms were constructed in terms of:  syntax, noun phrase, verbal phrase, and adjectival phrase. In addition, meaning of the proverb covered sign.
STRUKTUR INSTRINSIK NOVEL KEPANGGANG WIRANG TIWIEK SA DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JAWA DI SMA
Authors: Lanua Rhian Ardila Maretin , Saddhono Kundharu , Supana Supana
Published: March 2018

This study describes intrinsic structure of the Novel of Kepanggang Wirang (Burned Above the Shame) by Tiwiek SA and its implication to Javanese teaching at SMA.  This study is qualittaive research and applied psychoanalysis as the research design.  Data were collected using content analysis and interview.  The study revealed that structural parts of the novel included: characters, plots, setting, theme, title, point of view, style and tone, symbolism, and irony. In addition, Kepanggang Wirang is relevant to teaching Javanese in SMA as its language and education values are in support to Basic Competence in SMA Curriculum.
HUBUNGAN STATUS EKONOMI KELUARGA DENGAN PERILAKU PENGOBATAN SENDIRI (SELF-MEDICATION)
Authors: Utari Dewi , Setiono Wiwing
Published: March 2018

Background: Health degree is an important component of health development. One of the indicators is morbidity rate. Based on National Health Survey in 2008, the number of morbidity rate is 33.24% where 65.59% of population applied self-medication to treat their health problems. Many factors influence people to use self-medication. Family economic status is suspected to be one of them.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the correlation between family economic status and self medication behavior.

Methods: A quantitative cross sectional design study with retrospective approach was applied. Cluster random sampling technique was employed to 71 respondents. The Kendall Tau test was performed to analyze the data. The probability risk factors of self-medication was identified using odds ratio.

Results: The family economic status were gained with 81.7% in high category and 15.5% in low category. The result of self-medication behavior showed 69% of the respondents often did self-medication, 15.5% rarely, and 15.5% never. The Kendall Tau correlation was 0,515 (p<0.05) and the odds ratio was 8,941.

Conclusion: There is a moderate correlation between family economic status and self-medication behavior where the family with high economic status is more likely implement self-medication 8,941 times more than the one with low economic status.

Keywords: Economic Status, Family, Behavior, Self-Medication
PENILAIAN STATUS GIZI SISWI KELAS X DAN XI DI SMAN 1 DEPOK, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sicilia Sicilia , Merta Kusuma Reni
Published: March 2018

Background: Teenagers, especially femalearesusceptible to problems related to malnutrition such as Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). Objective: To determine the characteristics of nutritional status based on age, weight, height, arm circumference, and Body Mass index (BMI) in X and XI grade students at SMAN 1 Depok, Sleman District, Yogyakarta.

Method: The study was an observational study with cross-sectional approach. Measurement used a digital scale, mikrotoise, and upper arm circumference tape. Subjects in this study were 250 female teenagers. Descriptivequantitative analysis was employed for data with numerical/continuous scale (ratio and interval).

Results: The majority of female teenagers aged between 14-18 years (mean= 16yo). The meanweight was 50.58 kg, the meanheightwas 155.65 cm, and the mean size of the upper-arm circumference was 24.9 cm. The measurement showed the mean BMI was 20.9 kg/m2. Ten percent of students were categorized as severeunderweight (severe CED) and 7.2% were in the obesecategory. Measurement of nutritional status with upper-arm circumference showed 33.6% female teenagerswere at risk of CED.

Conclusion: There were female teenagerswho had problems with nutritional status (severe underweight and obese). Upper-arm circumference measurement results showed 33.6% of teenagers were at risk of CED.

Keyword: Nutritional status, BMI, upper-arm circumference, CED
PERKEMBANGAN BALITA USIA 6-60 BULAN BERDASARKAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA DAN PEMBERIAN STIMULASI MELALUI PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Puji Astuti Endah
Published: March 2018

Background: Children development is measured by four aspects; motoric skills, language, behavior, and

mental development. Early childhood development was influenced by maternal nutrition during pregnancy, infant nutrition, stimulation, and parents’ knowledge.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the development of children aged 6-60 months subject to anemia and stimulation through early childhood education.

Method: The study was quantitative descriptive with 158 toddlers involved as respondents. Tools and materials used in this study were digital haemometer and DDST sheets.

Result: Toddlers with normal development and suspect were majority experienced mild anemia (34.81%, 14,56%, respectively). While toddlers who followed early childhood education, majority had normal development (45.57%). Non-participating early childhood education tended to have developmental suspect (23.4%). Three toddlers with severe anemia (Hb 7.2 to 7.9 g%) had normal development, presumably due to early childhood education and one toddler with severe anemia (Hb 6 gr%) and not attending early education had suspected development.

Conclusion: Toddlers with or without anemia had equal development, while toddlers who were given stimulation through early childhood education tended to have normal development.

Key Word: early childhood development, anemia, stimulation of early childhood education
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TENTANG NUTRISI YANG DAPAT MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI ASI DI BPS EDI SURYANINGRUM GODEAN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Novita Sari Lisa , Putriningrum Eva
Published: March 2018

Background: In Indonesia, exclusive breastfeeding (a period of 6 months breastfeeding without additional intake) only covered 16.5% women. In 2013, Sleman reached a number of 80.62%. The ability to brestfeed exclusively is related to breastmilk production, which also corresponds with mothers’ nutritional status. It is necessary for puerperal mothers to have knowlegde about nutrition that increase breastmilk production.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge of puerperal women about nutrition that can increase breastmilk production at BPS Edi Suryaningrum, Godean, Sleman, Yogyakarta.

Methods: This study used descriptive quantitative research methods. Sample were selected with a total

sampling, consisted of 44 puerperal women. Data were collected with a set of questionnaire, then analyzed with a univariate analysis.

Results: Respondents varied, with a range of age at 20-35 years old, majority were graduates of high school and unemployed (housewife). Twenty two respondents (50.0%) had adequate knowledge about nutrition that can increase breastmilk production.

Conclusion: The knowledge of puerperal women about nutrition that increase breastmilk production was majority in adequate level.

Keywords: Knowledge of puerperal women, nutrition and breastmilk
PENGARUH TINDAKAN MOBILISASI DINI TERHADAP DENYUT JANTUNG DAN FREKUENSI PERNAPASAN PADA PASIEN KRITIS DI ICU RSUD SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nofiyanto Muhamat , Saktika Adhinugraha Tetra
Published: March 2018

Background: Patients with critical conditions in the ICU depend on a variety of tools to support their lifes. Patients’ conditions and and their unstable hemodynamic are challenges for nurses to perform mobilization. Less mobilization in critical patients can cause a variety of physical problems, one of them is cardiorespiratory function disorder.

Objective: to investigate differences in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) before, during, and immediately after early mobilization.

Methods: This study employed quasi experiment with one group pre and post test design. Twenty four respondents were selected based on the criteria HR <110 / min at rest, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure between 60 to 110 mmHg, and the fraction of inspired oxygen <0.6. Early mobilization was performed to the respondents, and followed by assessments on the changes of respiratory rate and heart rate before, during, and immediately after the mobilization. Analysis of differences in this study used ANNOVA.

Results: Before the early mobilization, mean RR was 22.54 and mean HR was 78.58. Immediately after the mobilization,  mean RR was 23.21 and mean HR was 80.75. There was no differences in the value of RR and HR, before and immediately after the early mobilization with the p-value of 0.540 and 0.314, respectively.

Conclusions: Early mobilization of critical patients is relatively safe. Nurses are expected to perform early mobilization for critical patients. However, it should be with regard to security standards and rigorous assessment of the patient's conditions.

Keywords: Early mobilization, critical patients, ICU
TINJAUAN PELAKSANAAN PENGISIAN INFORMED CONSENT PADA KASUS BEDAH ORTHOPEDI DI RS PKU MUHAMADIYAH GAMPING SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wuryanto Sis , Khodijah Nurul
Published: March 2018

Background: Physicians should provide clear information to the patients and/or their families before undertaking significant intrerventions. Informed consent sheets must be completed and signed as one of the legal aspects in medical practice. Based on a preliminary study conducted in June 2016 at RS PKU Muhamadiyah Gamping, the application of informed consent was incomprehensive.

Objectives: To analyze the information supplied to the patients and identify factors inhibiting the implementation of informed consent in orthopedic surgery cases at RS PKU Muhamadiyah Gamping.

Methods: This research was descriptive qualitative with cross sectional approach. Subjects consisted of one surgical nurse, two medical record officers, and one head of the medical record. The study employed purposive sampling on April-June year of 2016 informed consent sheets, comprised 57 of informed consent sheets.

Result: Information that is often provided by the physicians to the patients included diagnosis, objectives, interventions, prognosis and complications. However, alternatif interventions and others were not completely informed to the patients. Barriers to implement complete and thorough informed consent was the physicians’ limited time and the low level of patients’ knowledge.

Conclusion: Physicians had provided rigorous information on diagnosis, objectives, interventions, prognosis and complications, but less information on the alternatif interventions and others. The physicians’ time constraint and patients’ knowledge level had been two factors that inhibited the thorough use of informed consent.
Comparision of Efficacy of Amoxicillin and Ciprofloxacin in Clean Contaminated Ear Surgery During Early Post Operative Period
Authors: Chapagain Kumud , Pokharel Rais , Kafle Kumud Kumar , Sinha Bimal Kumar
Published: March 2018

Objective: To compare the efficacy of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin used in clean contaminated ear surgery during the early post operative period.Materials and Methods: It is a longitudinal, prospective study conducted at Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, TUTH from 1st April 2011 to 30th December 2011.  Patient who underwent clean contaminated ear surgery were followed up on 1st, 3rd and 7th post – operative day (POD) and wounds were inspected for any signs of wound infection.Results: 103 patients who under went various clean contaminated ear surgeries were included in this study. Maximum patients were aged 14-29 years. Ciprofloxacin was prescribed to 80 (77.7%) patients and amoxicillin to 23 (20.3%) patients. Overall wound infection was present on 6.2% (5/80) patients receiving ciprofloxacin and on 4.34% (1/23) patients receiving amoxicillin. The  most common procedure performed was MRM (53%). Wound infection was present in 9% (4/44) of patients undergoing MRM under coverage of ciprofloxacin and on 9% (1/11) patients under coverage of amoxicillin.Conclusion: Though the rate of wound infection was more in patient using ciprofloxacin than amoxicillin but it was not statically significant.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2014, page: 8-10
Correlation between Preoperative Hearing Evaluation with Intra-operative Ossicular Status in COM Mucosal
Authors: Tripathi Prashant
Published: March 2018

Objective: To correlate the preoperative pure tone audiogram findings with intra-operative status of ossicular chain in patients with chronic otitis media mucosal type.Material and Methods: Prospective, descriptive study conducted over a period of twenty months at GMSMA of ENT-Head and Neck Studies, TUTH, IOM, Kathmandu, Nepal. Patients included in the study were both children and adults with central perforation in tympanic membrane which was dry for at least 4 weeks. Patients with SNHL or mixed HL and in those where ossicular status was not assessed were excluded from study.Results: There were 274 patients operated for COM Mucosal and 67 patients were excluded from study as they did not meet inclusion criteria. Hence, there were 207 patients included in the study. Out of them, 4 (1.9%) patients had minimal hearing loss, 73 (35.3%) had mild hearing loss, 117 (56.5%) had moderate hearing loss and 13 (6.3%) had severe hearing loss. On correlating with ossicular status, when there was discontinuity of ossicular chain average hearing loss was more than 50 dB and none of the patients had mild hearing loss. When there were restricted or fixed ossicles, there was moderate to severe hearing loss in majority of cases (85%). With intact and mobile ossicles, about 95% patients had mild to moderate hearing loss. When there was only mild hearing loss, 90% patients had intact and mobile ossicles and 10% had ossicular fixation or restricted mobility.Conclusion: In our study, we found that preoperative pure tone audiogram can predict the possibility of the involvement of the ossicular chain in patients with COM Mucosal. Ossicular involvement is more common with moderate to severe hearing loss either in the form of fixation or discontinuity.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2014, Page: 15-17
Basal Encephalocele-an Uncommon Cause of Respiratory Distress in Newborn
Authors: Gurung Binay , Gurung Urmila , Shrestha Laxman
Published: March 2018

Basal encephalocele is one of the important causes of respiratory distress in newborn, although uncommon and hence under emphasized. It is a form of neural tube defect that usually presents with symptoms of nasal obstruction. Delayed presentation with variable symptoms have been noted. Collaborative surgical intervention is the treatment modality with different approaches. However, intervention early in neonatal period is a challenge in our region with resource limitations. Prognosis is worse with associated malformations and chromosomal anomalies. We report two cases of newborn with basal encephalocele presenting as respiratory distress at birth.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2014, Page: 18-20
A Rare case of Intranasal Craniopharyngloma
Authors: Dongol Kripa , Gyawali Bigyan Raj
Published: March 2018

Craniopharyngioma is a benign, slow growing  tumour with infrasellar location being very rare. Two histologic variants have been described in literature – papillary and adamantinomatous type. We present here a rare case of infrasellar adamantinomatous type of intranasal craniopharyngioma.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2014, Page: 21-22
Epistaxis at Patan Hospital: A Retrospective Review and an Audit
Authors: Dangol Bhawana , Shrestha Namita , Yadav Deepak , Devkota Ishwor R , Nepal Ajit , Bhandari Sangita
Published: March 2018

Objective: The  objective  of  this  study was to review the cases of epistaxis and audit its management at Patan Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study and an audit carried out in patients admitted for epistaxis in Patan Hospital from August 2012 to August 2014. All the patients with primary epistaxis were included. The data were analyzed in terms of the specific defined parameters and were compared with that of Guy’s Hospital, United Kingdom, of year 2011.Results: Out of 146 patients, 111 had primary epistaxis. Ninety-three patients (83.78%) with primary epistaxis had anterior bleeding and 18 patients (16.21%) had posterior bleeding. The majority of the patients (31.53%) were treated with chemical cautery, followed by anterior nasal packing (27.02%). Eleven patients (10%) underwent sphenopalatine artery cauterization. The data of our hospital were optimal or near optimal in some aspects like documented initial nasal examination, and initial cautery attempt whereas, parameters like re-bleeding rate, surgical intervention and endoscopic nasal examination after cessation of bleeding were found to be sub-optimal.Conclusion: The improvements are required in some aspects of management of epistaxis like decreasing the re-bleeding rate, increasing the timely surgical intervention and compulsory endoscopic evaluation of nasal cavity after cessation of bleeding. This can be attained with adherence to the protocol as proposed. A multi-center audit would be required to develop a common consensus regarding its management.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2014, Page: 26-30
De l’est à l’ouest de l’Afrique, une seule morphologie pygmée qui diffère de celle des Non-Pygmées
Authors: Ramirez Rozzi F.V. , Froment A. , Ghesquière J.
Published: March 2018

En plus de leur taille réduite, les groupes pygmées ont été décrits comme présentant des proportions corporelles particulières qui pourraient résulter d’une réduction d’échelle (allométrie) au cours de la croissance. Cependant, les groupes pygmées pourraient ne pas partager la même morphologie. À partir de l’analyse des mensurations corporelles et des allométries de trois groupes pygmées de différentes régions d’Afrique et d’un groupe non pygmée, nous avons testé a) s’il existe plus d’une morphologie chez les Pygmées et b) si la différence avec les Non-Pygmées peut être expliquée par des processus allométriques. Nos résultats suggèrent que les groupes pygmées partagent la même morphologie : la diversité morphologique chez les Pygmées s’opère au long d’un même axe qui est isométrique. Par contre, chez les Non-Pygmées, la conformation se modifie en fonction de la variation de la taille, car la taille et le tronc présentent un rapport allométrique. Donc, la différence de conformation entre Pygmées et Non-Pygmées ne peut pas être expliquée par une réduction d’échelle, elle indique plutôt deux modalités distinctes de constitution corporelle.
Zeitverwendung in der Familie. Einleitung in das Schwerpunktthemenheft
Authors: Kreyenfeld Michaela , Schulz Florian
Published: March 2018

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Caring, Cooking, Cleaning – repräsentative Zeitverwendungsmuster von Eltern in Paarbeziehungen
Authors: Klünder Nina , Meier-Gräwe Uta
Published: March 2018

As a result of the increasing labor force participation of mothers, this article questions how twoparent households divide the housework activities of caring, cooking and cleaning. Therefore three types of couples with different labor force participations were formed: Dual-earner couples, couples with additional female income and malebreadwinner couples. The time use for the mentioned activities was examined with a secondary analysis based on the German representative time use surveys of 2012/2013 and 2001/2002. The analysis showed that fulltime mothers spent the lowest amount of time for caring, cooking and cleaning. However, unemployed mothers spent the most time for these activities. Within a decade – from 2001/2002 to 2012/2013 – all mothers have reduced their time spent on household activities. Meanwhile, all parents in 2012/2013 take noticeably more time for child care. Regardless of the mother’s labor force participation, mothers still spent more time for caring, cooking and cleaning, especially on weekdays. Additionally, the everyday housework is divided by gender. Only on weekends, couples with employed mothers shared the care-work almost egalitarian.

Zusammenfassung

Vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern geht dieser Beitrag der Frage nach, wie Eltern in Paarbeziehungen die Haushaltsbereiche Betreuung, Beköstigung sowie Wohnungs- und Wäschereinigung untereinander aufteilen. Dazu werden drei Paartypen mit unterschiedlichem Erwerbsumfang gebildet: Zweiverdiener- Paare, Paare mit weiblichem Zuverdienst sowie Paare mit männlichem Familienernährer. Deren Zeitverwendung für die genannten Tätigkeiten wird mithilfe der repräsentativen Zeitverwendungserhebung 2012/2013 und 2001/2002 sekundäranalytisch untersucht. Die Analyse zeigt, dass vollzeiterwerbstätige Mütter täglich am wenigsten Zeit für die drei genannten Arbeitsbereiche im Haushalt aufwenden, nicht erwerbstätige Mütter hingegen am meisten. Innerhalb einer Dekade – von 2001/2002 bis 2012/2013 – haben alle untersuchten Mütter ihre Zeitverwendung für hauswirtschaftliche Tätigkeitsfelder reduziert, zeitgleich nehmen sich Eltern 2012/2013 deutlich mehr Zeit für Betreuungsaufgaben. Unabhängig des Erwerbsumfangs der Mutter ist die Arbeit des Alltags nach wie vor, besonders werktags, weiblich konnotiert und somit geschlechtsdifferenzierend aufgeteilt. Nur am Wochenende zeigt sich in Paaren mit erwerbstätiger Mutter bei der Betreuung eine annährend egalitäre Arbeitsteilung.
Comparison of Self-reported and Observed Road Safety Performance Indicators
Authors: Holló Péter , Henézi Diána , Berta Tamás
Published: March 2018

The first concept of road safety performance indicators was published by European Transport Safety Council, Brussels in 2001. Hungary has long and reliable time series of safety belt wearing and child safety seat usage rates in passenger cars. These rates are based on real roadside observations and representative sample, meeting the requirements of international road accident databases. The methodology of the data collection has been further developed during the recent years, but we paid attention to the possibility of comparison with the earlier data and consistent analysis of time series. Although the roadside observations could not have been organized in each year, the trends can be seen relatively well. Our initial hypothesis was that the self-reported data always show a bit "better" picture about the driving behaviour than the observed ones, since the people are not sure that their data will be handled in an anonym way. Based on these results we can say that the ESRA results are relatively good estimations of the real safety belt wearing rates.
Heparan Sulfate Induces Necroptosis in Murine Cardiomyocytes: A Medical-In silico Approach Combining In vitro Experiments and Machine Learning
Authors: Zechendorf Elisabeth , Vaßen Phillip , Zhang Jieyi , Hallawa Ahmed , Martincuks Antons , Krenkel Oliver , Müller-Newen Gerhard , Schuerholz Tobias , Simon Tim-Philipp , Marx Gernot , Ascheid Gerd , Schmeink Anke , Dartmann Guido , Thiemermann Christoph , Martin Lukas
Published: March 2018

Life-threatening cardiomyopathy is a severe, but common, complication associated with severe trauma or sepsis. Several signaling pathways involved in apoptosis and necroptosis are linked to trauma- or sepsis-associated cardiomyopathy. However, the underling causative factors are still debatable. Heparan sulfate (HS) fragments belong to the class of danger/damage-associated molecular patterns liberated from endothelial-bound proteoglycans by heparanase during tissue injury associated with trauma or sepsis. We hypothesized that HS induces apoptosis or necroptosis in murine cardiomyocytes. By using a novel Medical-In silico approach that combines conventional cell culture experiments with machine learning algorithms, we aimed to reduce a significant part of the expensive and time-consuming cell culture experiments and data generation by using computational intelligence (refinement and replacement). Cardiomyocytes exposed to HS showed an activation of the intrinsic apoptosis signal pathway via cytochrome C and the activation of caspase 3 (both p < 0.001). Notably, the exposure of HS resulted in the induction of necroptosis by tumor necrosis factor α and receptor interaction protein 3 (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) and, hence, an increased level of necrotic cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, using this novel Medical-In silico approach, our data suggest (i) that HS induces necroptosis in cardiomyocytes by phosphorylation (activation) of receptor-interacting protein 3, (ii) that HS is a therapeutic target in trauma- or sepsis-associated cardiomyopathy, and (iii) indicate that this proof-of-concept is a first step toward simulating the extent of activated components in the pro-apoptotic pathway induced by HS with only a small data set gained from the in vitro experiments by using machine learning algorithms.
An Online Energy Management Control for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Neuro-Dynamic Programming
Authors: Qin Feiyan , Li Weimin , Hu Yue , Xu Guoqing
Published: March 2018

Hybrid electric vehicles are a compromise between traditional vehicles and pure electric vehicles and can be part of the solution to the energy shortage problem. Energy management strategies (EMSs) are highly related to energy utilization in HEVs’ fuel economy. In this research, we have employed a neuro-dynamic programming (NDP) method to simultaneously optimize fuel economy and battery state of charge (SOC). In this NDP method, the critic network is a multi-resolution wavelet neural network based on the Meyer wavelet function, and the action network is a conventional wavelet neural network based on the Morlet function. The weights and parameters of both networks are obtained by an algorithm of backpropagation type. The NDP-based EMS has been applied to a parallel HEV and compared with a previously reported NDP EMS and a stochastic dynamic programing-based method. Simulation results under ADVISOR2002 have shown that the proposed NDP approach achieves better performance than both the methods. These indicate that the proposed NDP EMS, and the CWNN and MRWNN, are effective in approximating a nonlinear system.
Modeling a Pull-In Instability in Micro-Machined Hybrid Contactless Suspension
Authors: Poletkin Kirill , Korvink Jan
Published: March 2018

A micro-machined hybrid contactless suspension, in which a conductive proof mass is inductively levitated within an electrostatic field, is studied. This hybrid suspension has the unique capability to control the stiffness, in particular along the vertical direction, over a wide range, which is limited by a pull-in instability. A prototype of the suspension was micro-fabricated, and the decrease of the vertical component of the stiffness by a factor of 25% was successfully demonstrated. In order to study the pull-in phenomenon of this suspension, an analytical model was developed. Assuming quasi-static behavior of the levitated proof mass, the static and dynamic pull-in of the suspension was comprehensively studied, also yielding a definition for the pull-in parameters of the hybrid suspension.
CFD Validation and Flow Control of RAE-M2129 S-Duct Diffuser Using CREATETM-AV Kestrel Simulation Tools
Authors: Aref Pooneh , Ghoreyshi Mehdi , Jirasek Adam , Satchell Matthew
Published: March 2018

The flow physics modeling and validation of the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) subsonic intake Model 2129 (M2129) are presented. This intake has an 18 inches long S duct with a 5.4 inches offset, an external and an internal lip, forward and rear extended ducts, and a center-positioned bullet before the outlet. Steady-state and unsteady experimental data are available for this duct. The measurements include engine face conditions (pressure recovery, static pressure to free-stream total pressure ratio, and distortion coefficient at the worst 60 ∘ sector or DC60), as well as wall static pressure data along the duct. The intake has been modeled with HPCMP CREATE TM -AV Kestrel simulation tools. The validation results are presented including the effects of turbulence models on predictions. In general, very good agreement (difference errors are less than 6%) was found between predictions and measurements. Secondary flow at the first bend and a region of flow separation are predicted at the starboard wall with an averaged DC60 coefficient of 0.2945 at the engine face. Next, a passive and an active flow control method are computationally investigated. The passive one uses vane-type vortex generators and the active one has synthetic jet actuators. The results show that considered passive and active flow control methods reduce the distortion coefficient at the engine face and the worst 60 ∘ sector to 0.1361 and 0.0881, respectively. The flow control performance trends agree with those obtained in experiments as well. These results give confidence to apply the Kestrel simulation tools for the intake design studies of new and unconventional vehicles and hence to reduce the uncertainties during their flight testing.