bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign Body Granuloma Following Orbital Reconstruction with Porous Polyethylene
Authors: Timoney Peter J. , Clark Jeremy D. , Frederick Paul A. , Krakauer Mark , Compton Christopher , Horbinski Craig , Sokol Jason , Nunery William R.
Published: November 2014

Porous polyethylene is commonly used in the orbit for fracture repair and anophthalmic reconstruction; it reportedly has a good safety profile and integrates well into host tissue. Foreign body reaction to porous polyethylene has been reported in facial tissue, but to our knowledge, not in the orbit. The authors report 2 cases of foreign body inflammatory giant cell reaction in patients who underwent orbital fracture repairs with porous polyethylene implants.
Nodular Fasciitis of the Orbit
Authors: Compton Christopher J. , Clark Jeremy D. , Thompson Matthew P. , Lee Hui Bae H. , Nunery William R.
Published: November 2014

A 13-month-old boy was presented with new onset proptosis of the right eye. CT scan and MRI showed an enhancing mass in the right superior orbit with local bone remodeling and erosion. A craniotomy was performed for biopsy and sub-total resection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the lesion to be nodular fasciitis. Nodular fasciitis lesions are classically found in the anterior ocular adnexa, especially in pediatric patients. This is the first reported case of nodular fasciitis arising in the posterior orbit of a child younger than 16.
Local plant adaptation across a subarctic elevational gradient
Authors: Kardol Paul , De Long Jonathan R. , Wardle David A.
Published: November 2014

Predicting how plants will respond to global warming necessitates understanding of local plant adaptation to temperature. Temperature may exert selective effects on plants directly, and also indirectly through environmental factors that covary with temperature, notably soil properties. However, studies on the interactive effects of temperature and soil properties on plant adaptation are rare, and the role of abiotic versus biotic soil properties in plant adaptation to temperature remains untested. We performed two growth chamber experiments using soils and
Bistorta vivipara
bulbil ecotypes from a subarctic elevational gradient (temperature range: ±3
°
C) in northern Sweden to disentangle effects of local ecotype, temperature, and biotic and abiotic properties of soil origin on plant growth. We found partial evidence for local adaption to temperature. Although soil origin affected plant growth, we did not find support for local adaptation to either abiotic or biotic soil properties, and there were no interactive effects of soil origin with ecotype or temperature. Our results indicate that ecotypic variation can be an important driver of plant responses to the direct effects of increasing temperature, while responses to covariation in soil properties are of a phenotypic, rather than adaptive, nature.
Rayleigh–Bloch waves along elastic diffraction gratings
Authors: Colquitt D. J. , Craster R. V. , Antonakakis T. , Guenneau S.
Published: November 2014

Rayleigh–Bloch (RB) waves in elasticity, in contrast to those in scalar wave systems, appear to have had little attention. Despite the importance of RB waves in applications, their connections to trapped modes and the ubiquitous nature of diffraction gratings, there has been no investigation of whether such waves occur within elastic diffraction gratings for the in-plane vector elastic system. We identify boundary conditions that support such waves and numerical simulations confirm their presence. An asymptotic technique is also developed to generate effective medium homogenized equations for the grating that allows us to replace the detailed microstructure by a continuum representation. Further numerical simulations confirm that the asymptotic scheme captures the essential features of these waves.
Structure of a bacterial microcompartment shell protein bound to a cobalamin cofactor
Authors: Thompson Michael C. , Crowley Christopher S. , Kopstein Jeffrey , Bobik Thomas A. , Yeates Todd O.
Published: November 2014

The EutL shell protein is a key component of the ethanolamine-utilization microcompartment, which serves to compartmentalize ethanolamine degradation in diverse bacteria. The apparent function of this shell protein is to facilitate the selective diffusion of large cofactor molecules between the cytoplasm and the lumen of the microcompartment. While EutL is implicated in molecular-transport phenomena, the details of its function, including the identity of its transport substrate, remain unknown. Here, the 2.1 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of a EutL shell protein bound to cobalamin (vitamin B12) is presented and the potential relevance of the observed protein–ligand interaction is briefly discussed. This work represents the first structure of a bacterial microcompartment shell protein bound to a potentially relevant cofactor molecule.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study ofPorcine epidemic diarrhea virusmain protease in complex with an inhibitor
Authors: Tan Yusheng , Wang Fenghua , Chen Xia , Wang Jinshan , Zhao Qi , Li Shuang , Wang Zefang , Fu Sheng , Chen Cheng , Yang Haitao
Published: November 2014

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) mainly infects neonatal pigs, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Owing to problems such as long periods of virus shedding, existing vaccines cannot provide complete protection from PEDV infection. The PEDV genome encodes two polyprotein precursors required for genome replication and transcription. Each polyprotein undergoes extensive proteolytic processing, resulting in functional subunits. This process is mainly mediated by its genome-encoded main protease, which is an attractive target for antiviral drug design. In this study, the main protease ofPorcine epidemic diarrhea virusin complex with a Michael acceptor was crystallized. The complex crystals diffracted to 2.5 Å resolution and belonged to space groupR3, with unit-cell parametersa= 175.3,b= 175.3,c= 58.7 Å. Two molecules were identified per asymmetric unit.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study ofFeline infectious peritonitis virusmain protease in complex with an inhibitor
Authors: Wang Jinshan , Wang Fenghua , Tan Yusheng , Chen Xia , Zhao Qi , Fu Sheng , Li Shuang , Chen Cheng , Yang Haitao
Published: November 2014

Feline infectious peritonitis virus(FIPV) causes a lethal systemic granulomatous disease in wild and domestic cats around the world. Currently, no effective vaccines or drugs have been developed against it. As a member of the genusAlphacoronavirus, FIPV encodes two polyprotein precursors required for genome replication and transcription. Each polyprotein undergoes extensive proteolytic processing, resulting in functional subunits. This process is mainly mediated by its genome-encoded main protease, which is an attractive target for antiviral drug design. In this study, the main protease of FIPV in complex with a Michael acceptor-type inhibitor was crystallized. The complex crystals diffracted to 2.5 Å resolution and belonged to space groupI422, with unit-cell parametersa= 112.3,b= 112.3,c= 102.1 Å. There is one molecule per asymmetric unit.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray study of biosynthetic alanine racemase fromPseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1
Authors: Zhou Honggang , Li Zhenzhen , Zhang Guofang , Xu Shujing , Tang Zhaona , Zhu Xianming , Dong Hui , Ju Jiansong
Published: November 2014

Biosynthetic alanine racemase (AlrPA) fromPseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1 carrying a His6tag was expressed inEscherichia coliBL21 (DE3) cells and purified by Ni2+-chelating affinity and anion-exchange chromatography for X-ray crystallographic analysis. Crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 289 K in a solution consisting of 4%(v/v) Tacsimate pH 5.0, 14%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350 with a protein concentration of 8 mg ml−1. The crystal diffracted to 2.76 Å resolution and belonged to the orthorhombic space groupP212121, with unit-cell parametersa= 74.12,b= 76.97,c= 154.80 Å, α = β = γ = 90°.
Expression, purification and X-ray crystallographic analysis of theHelicobacter pyloriblood group antigen-binding adhesin BabA
Authors: Subedi Suresh , Moonens Kristof , Romão Ema , Lo Alvin , Vandenbussche Guy , Bugaytsova Jeanna , Muyldermans Serge , Borén Thomas , Remaut Han
Published: November 2014

Helicobacter pyloriis a human pathogen that colonizes about 50% of the world's population, causing chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and even gastric cancer. A steady emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains poses an important public health threat and there is an urgent requirement for alternative therapeutics. The blood group antigen-binding adhesin BabA mediates the intimate attachment to the host mucosa and forms a major candidate for novel vaccine and drug development. Here, the recombinant expression and crystallization of a soluble BabA truncation (BabA25–460) corresponding to the predicted extracellular adhesin domain of the protein are reported. X-ray diffraction data for nanobody-stabilized BabA25–460were collected to 2.25 Å resolution from a crystal that belonged to space groupP21, with unit-cell parametersa= 50.96,b = 131.41,c= 123.40 Å, α = 90.0, β = 94.8, γ = 90.0°, and which was predicted to contain two BabA25–460–nanobody complexes per asymmetric unit.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of ribosome assembly factors: the Rpf2–Rrs1 complex
Authors: Asano Nozomi , Nakamura Akiyoshi , Komoda Keisuke , Kato Koji , Tanaka Isao , Yao Min
Published: November 2014

Rpf2 and Rrs1 are essential proteins for ribosome biogenesis. These proteins form a complex (the Rpf2-subcomplex) with 5S rRNA and two ribosomal proteins (L5 and L11). This complex is recruited to the ribosome precursor (the 90S pre-ribosome). This recruitment is necessary for the maturation of 25S rRNA. Genetic depletion of Rpf2 and Rrs1 results in accumulation of the 25S rRNA precursor. In this study, Rpf2 and Rrs1 fromAspergillus nidulanswere co-overexpressed inEscherichia coli, purified and crystallized. Subsequent analysis revealed that these crystals contained the central core region of the complex consisting of both N-terminal domains. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.35 Å resolution. Preliminary analysis revealed that the crystals belonged to space groupP212121, with unit-cell parametersa= 54.1,b= 123.3,c = 133.8 Å. There are two complexes in the asymmetric unit. Structure determination using selenomethionine-labelled protein is in progress.
The structure of the cyanobactin domain of unknown function from PatG in the patellamide gene cluster
Authors: Mann Greg , Koehnke Jesko , Bent Andrew F. , Graham Rachael , Houssen Wael , Jaspars Marcel , Schwarz-Linek Uli , Naismith James H.
Published: November 2014

Patellamides are members of the cyanobactin family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified cyclic peptide natural products, many of which, including some patellamides, are biologically active. A detailed mechanistic understanding of the biosynthetic pathway would enable the construction of a biotechnological `toolkit' to make novel analogues of patellamides that are not found in nature. All but two of the protein domains involved in patellamide biosynthesis have been characterized. The two domains of unknown function (DUFs) are homologous to each other and are found at the C-termini of the multi-domain proteins PatA and PatG. The domain sequence is found in all cyanobactin-biosynthetic pathways characterized to date, implying a functional role in cyanobactin biosynthesis. Here, the crystal structure of the PatG DUF domain is reported and its binding interactions with plausible substrates are investigated.
Potential of fibers and solid lubricants to enhance the tribo‐utility of PEEK in adverse operating conditions
Authors: Bijwe J. , Nidhi
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK), a specialty polymer, does not have any tribo‐utility as a bearing material in a virgin form since it exhibits quite a high coefficient of friction (μ) and stick‐slip behavior. The present paper seeks to deal with the adhesive wear behavior of series of PEEK composites based on inclusion of short fibers of glass (GF) and carbon (CF) and solid lubricants such as Polytetrafluoroethylene and graphite. The studies are focused to examine the role of these ingredients on enhancing PV limit, which is an indication of utility of a tribo‐polymer in severe operating conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

The Adhesive wear studies were performed on a pin on disc machine fabricated for high speed, load and temperature conditions. A composite pin slid over a disc of mild steel under two selected sliding speeds (2 and 3 m/s) for an hour. The load was varied in each experiment till the pin showed failure. The performance assessment was done based on multiple parameters such as magnitude of μ and its fluctuations with time, specific wear rate, PV limit, compatibility with the counterface, etc. PV limit was judged by observing either sudden increase in μ or wear rate (or both), deformation of the pin or change in the color of the disc.

Findings

It was observed that the neat PEEK exhibited very high and fluctuating μ with very low P‐V limit value (150 Nm/s) and high wear rate (2 × 10−14 m3/Nm). Inclusion of 30 percent CF benefited the strength properties but not the tribo‐performance appreciably. Composite D with a combination of GF (25 percent) and solid lubricants (30 percent) excelled in performance with a wide margin. The highest PV limit along with the lowest μ and lowest wear rate and counterface friendliness proved it to be most promising bearing material for the selected harsh operating conditions.

Practical implications

The composite D, which worked better than the commercial composite in almost all the selected operating conditions, indicates its commercial potential as a bearing grade material for high PV conditions.

Originality/value

Synergism between reinforcement and solid lubricants in right amount led to excellent friction and wear performance which was very well analysed based on worn surface topography.
Awareness and use of OPACs in five Delhi libraries
Authors: Alam Ansari Mehtab , Amita
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The objective of this study is to establish the opinion of users with respect to the awareness and utilisation of, as well as their satisfaction level with, the use of the online public access catalogue (OPAC).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper deals with the applicability and utility of OPACs in five libraries in New Delhi, namely the Indian Institute of Technology; Jawaharlal Nehru University Library; Dr Zakir Husain Library, Jamia Millia Islamia; National Information System for Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR); and the Defence Science Information and Documentation Centre (DESIDOC). A questionnaire was developed and distributed randomly to 128 users including undergraduates and post graduate students as well as MPhil. and PhD scholars. Users returned 115 completed questionnaires of which 100 were selected for analysis.

Findings

The paper finds that the OPAC system has changed the traditional concept of access to library resources. It allows simple as well as complex searches. Document access is still one of the most important approaches of users to visit the library, and a study of the effectiveness of an OPAC is useful in this respect. Regarding results, sometimes users face problems of recall and precision. However, in some searches users are not able to find relevant documents on account of various factors. Data show that a high percentage of respondents are utilising the OPAC as a search tool for retrieving documents. Also, most of the users handle the OPAC themselves. Significantly, the satisfaction level of users was high with the OPAC facilities. Nevertheless, not many users are aware of the expert searches provided by OPAC.

Originality/value

The paper focuses on many aspects of OPACs, particularly those in India. Librarians, especially those from developing nations, may choose their library automation software packages keeping in view the user's expectation with respect to OPACs.
PCB matching based on SURF
Authors: Dong Zhi‐jie , Ye Feng , Li Di , Huang Jie‐xian
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the application of feature‐based image matching algorithm for PCB matching without using special fiducial marks.

Design/methodology/approach

Speed‐up robust feature (SURF) is applied to extract the interest points in PCB images. An advanced threshold is set to reject the interest points with low responses to speed up feature computation. In order to improve the performance for rotation, the descriptors are based on multi‐orientations. The many‐to‐many tentative correspondences are determined with a maximum distance. Hough transform is used to reject the mismatches and the affine parameters are computed with a square‐least solution.

Findings

Results show that the method proposed in this paper can match the PCB images without using special fiducial marks effectively. The image matching algorithm shows a better performance for image rotation than the standard SURF and it succeeds in matching the image including repetitive patterns which will deteriorate the distinctiveness of feature descriptors.

Research limitations/implications

Additional orientations produce more descriptors so that it takes extra time for feature description and matching.

Originality/value

The paper proposes a SURF‐based image matching algorithm to match the PCB images without special fiducial marks. This can reduce the complexity of PCB production. The image matching algorithm is robust to image rotation and repetitive patterns and can be used in other applications of image matching.
Inspection and Test of Flexible Circuits
Authors: Fjelstad J.
Published: November 2014

This article comprises Chapter 6 from the recently published book ‘An Engineer’s Guide to Flexible Circuit Technology by J. Fjelstad
Beyond the final consumer: the effectiveness of a generalist stakeholder strategy
Authors: Grinstein Amir , Goldman Arieh
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Managers often face a number of dilemmas with respect to their stakeholders: Who are the most salient ones? How many should they target? How to allocate attention/efforts among them? Based on stakeholders and market orientation research this paper aims to address these dilemmas.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a survey of managers in a cross‐industry sample of 115 firms. The authors first identify a specific group of salient stakeholders – those providing the firm with revenues and financial support. The article then studies the conditions under which firms should adopt a key approach to stakeholders' management – a “generalist” stakeholder strategy, that is, deal with a larger number of revenue and funding producing stakeholder types, and/or more evenly spread attention/efforts among them.

Findings

The findings suggest that a generalist stakeholder strategy has a positive effect on firms' performance among resource‐rich firms and among firms who face dissimilar (“unrelated”) stakeholders. Also, degree of environmental volatility was not found to moderate the relationship between a generalist stakeholder strategy and firms' performance.

Research limitations/implications

The study contributes to the marketing and stakeholder literatures by identifying and studying a group of important stakeholders beyond final consumers – those providing the firm with revenues and financial support, and by studying the conditions under which firms benefit from one key approach to stakeholders – a “generalist” stakeholder strategy. The study's limitations characterize most cross‐sectional survey research (e.g. single informants, subjective performance assessments). However, substantial efforts were made to ensure the validity and robustness of the findings.

Practical implications

The study offers managers insight into the organizational and environmental conditions under which firms should adopt a generalist stakeholder strategy.

Originality/value

This is one of the few papers that integrate into the marketing literature the study of stakeholders. Specifically, it introduces the concept of a generalist stakeholder strategy.
“Marketing and flexibility”: debates past, present and future
Authors: Combe Ian
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to outline the articles presented in the Special Issue on the topic of “Marketing and flexibility”, and to discuss key issues associated with major debates relating to flexibility in order to position the articles within a wider context and highlight some key issues for further research.

Design/methodology/approach

Themes in prior research relating to “Marketing and flexibility” are documented and the growth of research interest into strategic flexibility is tabulated. The contributions of each article are briefly discussed.

Findings

There has been a steady growth of research interest into flexibility. To provide an example of this growth, the increase in the number of articles published on the topic of strategic flexibility in scholarly journals is highlighted over a 20‐year period. Key issues in prior research such as alternative definitions and the different postulated relationships between market orientation and strategic flexibility are revealed, as are issues for future research.

Originality/value

Key issues relating to research into flexibility for marketing scholars are revealed.
Saline‐enhanced RF ablation on a cholangiocarcinoma: a numerical simulation
Authors: Antunes Carlos L. , Almeida Tony Richard O. , Raposeiro Nélia
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Cholangiocarcinoma is an adenocarcinoma of the bile ducts which drain bile from the liver into the small intestine. Unfortunately, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease with almost no chances for surgery, the only potentially curative treatment. As nitinol stents can be used to reduce stricture problems of the bile duct, these can be also considered as potential electrodes for hyperthermia treatments. Previous works show that, in fact, these metallic stents might be used as part of a feasible solution for delivering radiofrequency (RF) energy into a tumor located in a hollow organ to destroy the tumor tissue. However, the tissue lesion induced is not completely uniform due to convective heat transfer associated to the blood flow in the nearby vessels. The purpose of this paper is to study the use of saline solution for modifying the electrical conductivity of the tissue in order to obtain a more uniform lesion.

Design/methodology/approach

A numerical analysis using finite element method on a simplified model of the porta hepatis is performed. The tumor tissue is divided in three sections and simulations were performed considering a higher electrical conductivity in the middle section of the tumor, imitating the presence of a saline solution in this part of the tissue.

Findings

Results show that it is possible to obtain a more regular volume, by the way the tumor tissue is preferentially heated, although there are still some risks on exceeding the dimension of the bile duct.

Originality/value

This study presents the numerical analysis of a saline‐enhanced RF tissue thermoablation of a cholangiocarcinoma considering a stent‐based electrode. Results point to the possibility of obtaining a more regular volume of damaged tissue in order to heat and preferentially destroy the tumor tissue.
Characterization of nanostructured copper films for electromagnetic shield
Authors: Desideri Daniele , Maschio Alvise , Bolzan Marco , Natali Marco , Spolaore Monica
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to obtain a multidisciplinary characterization of nanostructured copper films for electromagnetic shields.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural and electrical analysis have been applied, on copper nanometric films produced by a magnetron sputtering device.

Findings

Data are provided for copper films realized by magnetron sputtering deposition on glass, in different operating conditions.

Practical implications

A multidisciplinary comprehension of shielding effectiveness of nanostructured thin films can be important in many applications where there are electromagnetic compatibility problems.

Originality/value

The paper gives a valuable set of information for the characterization of nanometric copper thin films.
Human exposure during operation of GMAW‐P welding machines
Authors: Desideri Daniele , Maschio Alvise , Mattavelli Paolo
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the exposure of human workers to low and high frequency electromagnetic fields during operation of GMAW‐P welding machines.

Design/methodology/approach

First, a numerical parametric analysis of the current waveform has been performed in Matlab, with reference to the human exposure; then a simulation model of a full welding system has been implemented in Simulink/Matlab. The effect has been numerically quantified accordingly to European Standards EN 50444 and EN 50445.

Findings

Contributions to human exposure of specific parts of the current waveform have been evaluated. A new numerical implementation of a full welding system has been done.

Practical implications

The paper shows that there could possibly be improvement in the design of current waveforms, with respect to a reduced human exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields.

Originality/value

The paper presents a new numerical tool that can be useful since the design phase of a welding system for the evaluation of human exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields.
Simulation of interferences between power lines and gas pipelines in unbalanced phase currents state
Authors: Şteţ Denisa , Doru Micu Dan , Czumbil Levente , Darabant Laura , Ceclan Andrei
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to compute the values of induced voltages and currents in an underground gas pipeline, which shares the same right of way with a high voltage power line (HVPL) in unbalanced phase currents regime, in order to detect the possibility of the AC corrosion occurring in the pipeline.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis of the induced voltages in metallic structures (gas pipeline) was done using a professional analysis and modeling software which uses the electromagnetic field method.

Findings

It was shown that during fault conditions, large currents and voltages are induced on the pipelines, which may pose a threat to operating personnel and equipment. Induced voltages also occur in cases of unbalanced phase currents of the HVPL, which may pose a threat voltage that could lead to damages of the underground gas pipeline due to corrosion phenomena.

Practical implications

Because the electromagnetic field approach involves complicated analytical expression and introduces serious computational difficulties, among which matrix of coefficients representing the set of simultaneous linear equations, the use of professional analysis and modeling software is justified.

Originality/value

The paper reveals that even in unbalanced phase currents regime of the HVPL, the nearby metallic structures that share the same right of way with the transmission line are in danger of degradation because of the induced voltages, whose values exceed the values imposed by regulation.
Analysis of near‐field magnetic resonant energy coupling for high power light‐emitting diode illumination
Authors: Liu Sucheng , Zhou Luowei , Lu Weiguo , Li Anxin
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze energy transfer through near‐field resonant coupling for high power light‐emitting diode (HPLED) illumination, with the intention to increase the appreciation and use of the coupled mode theory (CMT) other than the usual equivalent circuit method.

Design/methodology/approach

The CMT is extensively used to analyze the wireless energy transfer system because of its generality, simplicity, accuracy and intuitive understanding of near‐field resonant energy coupling mechanism.

Findings

The CMT forms a general way to model and analyze the non‐radiative magnetic resonant coupling systems. It is suitable not only for low frequency coupling but also for high frequency (of million‐Hertz) in which the circuit parameters are not easily obtained. Optimal coupling condition corresponding to the maximum power transfer is identified based on the CMT, and the multiple limit cycle phenomenon caused by the nonlinear nature of the HPLED is also described on the CMT model.

Originality/value

This paper takes advantages of CMT, i.e. generality, simplicity, accuracy and intuitive understanding to analyze the near‐field resonant energy coupling system. Key characteristics of the systems are explored based on the CMT, not the usual equivalent circuit method. The influence of nonlinear nature of the high power LED on energy transfer is also investigated. This work seeks a more general way than conventional equivalent circuit method to model and analyze the resonant magnetic system and the results obtained could facilitate better understanding of the resonant magnetic coupling mechanism and optimal design of the near‐field energy transfer system.
Redefining the professional in our field
Authors: Lund James
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to consider alternative qualifications for professional public library positions.

Design/methodology/approach

The author reflects on the necessary qualifications for professional public library positions following a recent library clerk recruitment.

Findings

The paper finds that credentialed professionals in other fields may serve the mission of the public library equally or better than credentialed librarians.

Originality/value

The paper offers a practical commentary on changes that may necessitate a redefinition of who is needed to fill professional positions in public libraries.
International textile and clothing research register
Authors: Stylios George K.
Published: November 2014

Examines the sixteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.
Logistics Value: Definition, Process and Measurement
Authors: Rutner Stephen M. , Langley C. John
Published: November 2014

Most logistics professionals and academics agree that logistics is an essential function within business. Furthermore, there has been a trend over the last few years to consider logistics as a process that creates value. While the terms value and value‐added have experienced popular usage, they are neither clearly defined nor accurately measured. A primary goal of this article is to clarify these definitions, in the context of how value is created by logistics. Based on empirical research, definitions of value and value‐added are suggested that are founded upon and related to the perspectives of practicing managers. Following a brief literature review, details are provided about the objectives and methodology of the research that was conducted. Last, managerial implications and the key messages for both logistics managers and researchers are presented.
Applications of variational iteration and homotopy perturbation methods to obtain exact solutions for time‐fractional diffusion‐wave equations
Authors: Ates¸ I˙nan , Yıldırım Ahmet
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to consider the time‐fractional diffusion‐wave equation. The time‐fractional diffusion equation is obtained from the standard diffusion equation by replacing the first‐order time derivative with a fractional derivative of order α ∈ (0, 2]. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense.

Design/methodology/approach

The two methods in applied mathematics can be used as alternative methods for obtaining an analytic and approximate solution for different types of differential equations.

Findings

Four examples are presented to show the application of the present techniques. In these schemes, the solution takes the form of a convergent series with easily computable components. The present methods perform extremely well in terms of efficiency and simplicity.

Originality/value

In this paper, the variational iteration and homotopy perturbation methods are used to obtain a solution of a fractional diffusion equation.
Promoting connectedness through whole‐school approaches
Authors: Rowe Fiona , Stewart Donald
Published: November 2014

Purpose

A comprehensive whole‐school approach has emerged as a promising model for building connectedness in the school setting. The health‐promoting school model, through its whole‐school orientation and attention to the school organizational environment, identifies structures and processes that influence school connectedness. This paper aims to investigate this model.

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines the key mechanisms of health‐promoting school structures and processes, as well as the pathways of their influence on school connectedness, by using a qualitative case study methodology in three school communities in southeast Queensland, Australia. In‐depth interviews, focus groups, observations and documentary evidence provided the data.

Findings

Key elements of the health‐promoting school model that facilitated interactions between school community members were events that were characterised as positive, social, celebratory, and with no financial cost, as well as informal gatherings that involved food or events with communal eating. Through these interactions, mutual reciprocal relationships were developed. School community members began to learn about and understand one another's positive qualities, which in turn promoted additional aspects of school connectedness. The key elements and pathways of the health‐promoting school approach were supported by factors such as informal teaching, reinforcement, adequate time for relationships to develop, and being embedded within the whole‐school orientation. The results of this study are used to formulate a theoretical model of how the health‐promoting school approach builds school connectedness.

Originality/value

These findings are important because they provide insight into the central role of food in the school culture and how it links other key elements and factors that can be implemented in the school setting to build connectedness.
Implementation of school health promotion: consequences for professional assistance
Authors: Boot N.M.W.M. , de Vries N.K.
Published: November 2014

Purpose

This case study aimed to examine the factors influencing the implementation of health promotion (HP) policies and programs in secondary schools and the consequences for professional assistance.

Design/methodology/approach

Group interviews were held in two schools that represented the best and worst case of implementation of a health promotion program (“Schoolbeat”) in the Southern Limburg region. Both schools were represented by the school manager, the health care coordinator and their school health promotion (SHP) advisor. The main purpose of the group interview was to describe the organization of HP in the school.

Findings

Efforts to improve organizational aspects like change management, collaborative support and project management contributed to the implementation of HP.

Practical implications

Based on these results the authors advise SHP advisors to focus more on the organizational aspects of HP in schools.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the discussion about the tasks of HP professionals assisting secondary schools. Results show that effective assistance in shaping school health promotion requires competencies that go beyond organizing practical HP activities. HP professionals assisting schools need skills covering many aspects of the field, ranging from professional assistance for the process of implementing HP to organizational skills to advise and guide schools on the organizational changes needed for the implementation of HP.
Interviewing witnesses: do investigative and evidential requirements concur?
Authors: Westera Nina J. , Kebbell Mark R. , Milne Becky
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Legislation in many developed nations allows for the video‐recorded interview of a witness made during the investigation to be used as his or her evidence‐in‐chief at trial. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges for the criminal justice system of trying to make one interview meet both investigative and evidential purposes.

Design/methodology/approach

Advances in effective police interviewing strategies are outlined and evaluated with regards the implications of presenting evidence elicited in this manner in court.

Findings

As with any significant change, the move towards this method of evidence presents challenges. However, using this video record as evidence will ensure that the best evidence is preserved and the jury has access to a transparent record that is more accurate and complete than previously experienced.

Originality/value

The paper acknowledges that concerns over any extra time taken by using video recording must be taken into account, but also balanced against the likely long‐term benefits, not only in fairness to the proceedings but also by easing the process for victims and witnesses.
The need for a social marketing perspective of consumer‐driven health care
Authors: Marshall Kimball P. , Skiba Michaeline , Paul David P.
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Consumer‐driven health care (CDHC) has been proposed to reduce the USA health care costs through greater free market economic exposure. The purpose of this paper is to review the USA health care system, insurance plans, and CDHC plan elements and assumptions regarding patients, service providers, and insurers, in order to identify research and social marketing needs of CDHC.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is an assessment of literature from academic and practitioner communities.

Findings

Social marketing programs can contribute to preparing consumers and practitioners for CDHC. However, the degree to which CDHC can reduce health care costs is uncertain. More research is needed comparing CDHC plans with traditional plans and comparing CDHC enrollees with enrollees in other types of plans to determine the true benefits and costs of CDHC and to identify consumers' information needs. Research is needed into how to gather and provide understandable health care provider quality and cost‐effectiveness information, and into how current insurers can help consumers make effective CDHC decisions. Research is needed as to how CDHC is perceived by consumers, providers, and insurers, and the use of CDHC reimbursement accounts and their effect on behavior and costs. Research is also needed into which decisions can be made by consumers without specialized professional knowledge. Provider research is needed into outcome risk adjustments, how practitioners view CDHC, how willing practitioners are to participate in a more open‐free market, and how CDHC may affect professional practices.

Originality/value

Insights gained from this paper can contribute to social marketing program designs needed for practitioner and consumer acceptance and effective use of CDHC.
Cognitive behavioural therapy for people with learning disabilities: focus on anger
Authors: Willner Paul
Published: November 2014

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is being used increasingly with people with learning disabilities. The evidence base to support these developments comes from uncontrolled trials of CBT in a variety of psychological disorders and eight to nine controlled trials of CBT for anger (plus a single controlled study in depression). This paper reviews the evidence for the effectiveness of group‐based anger management and the acquisition of anger coping skills, and the effectiveness of individual anger treatment, with some discussion of the status of CBT for other indications and the difficulties of conducting outcome research in this area.
Services for adults with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Gould Judith
Published: November 2014

The author provides a commentary on Services for adults with autism spectrum disorders.
Risk appraisal in developmental forensic neuropsychiatry: an introduction and guide to the existing knowledge and clinical practice basis
Authors: Staufenberg Ekkehart
Published: November 2014

This paper is based on seminar, workshop and lecture materials presented at national and international conferences, and follows an invitation to cover this topic as part of a one‐day conference on mental health issues in autism spectrum disorders (Staufenberg, 2005; 2007). The paper will seek to a) outline a review of the current evidence base and clinical approaches to the appraisal of risk behaviour or aggressive conduct in general and forensic psychiatric practice, before b) reviewing the current issues in the clinical risk appraisal in individuals with complex neurodevelopmental syndromes of the high functioning autism spectrum, and in particular Asperger's syndrome.References based on clinical and structured instrument‐based risk appraisal will also introduce the pertinence of assessing personality traits in individuals with Asperger's syndrome, with specific reference to forensic neuropsychiatry‐based expertise and case vignettes. A discussion of potential research directions and collaborations will conclude this introductory guide to the emerging field of forensic developmental neuropsychiatry.
Sex, relationships and the law for people with learning disability
Authors: Hall Ian , Yacoub Evan
Published: November 2014

The article reviews the policy, legislation and literature on sex and relationships for people with learning disability, through a search of electronic databases, journals and other resources. It reviews the rights of people with learning disabilities to a sexual life and their views of service responses, sexual offences legislation and the link between sexual knowledge and practice. It also explores sexual orientation and preference among people with learning disabilities, differences between the genders and sexual offending, including consideration of ‘victimless’ offences. It concludes that the balance between empowering and protecting people with learning disabilities is challenging but important. Interventions to promote safer, healthier sexual behaviour need to address more than improving knowledge. We need to find out more about what people with learning disabilities think about their sexual experiences and how they are supported in this area.
People with learning disabilities and mental health problems: the impact of ethnicity
Authors: McCarthy Jane , Mir Ghazala , Wright Steve
Published: November 2014

There is increasing awareness of the needs of people with learning disabilities from different ethnic communities. This paper focuses on the impact of ethnicity on the presentation of mental health problems. The main aim of the paper is to inform those planning and delivering mental health services for people with learning disabilities of the current evidence, in order to enable their practice to improve health outcomes for people from minority ethnic communities.
Jane
Authors: Edwards Niki
Published: November 2014

This case study describes the use of antipsychotic medication by an adult woman with learning disabilities. The study first provides detailed clinical information about Jane, drawing on a comprehensive mental health assessment and then provides a thematic analysis of Jane's experiences of antipsychotic medication.
Generalized accumulated GM(1,1) cosine model and its application
Authors: Junliang Li , Ruiquan Liao , Xiaochun Chen
Published: November 2014

Purpose

In practical engineering, there are various sequences. The purpose of this paper is to improve and put forward a new model.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the generalized accumulated generating operation, the paper improved the GM(1,1) cosine model and proposed the GAGM(1,1) cosine model.

Findings

It is found that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model can satisfy many kinds of periodic sequences and the precision of GAGM(1,1) cosine model is higher than the GM(1,1) model.

Originality/value

The paper shows that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model has important theoretic and practical significance.
Analysis of the income elasticity of the consumer demand of Chinese rural residents and prediction of its trend
Authors: Luo Dang , Song Bo
Published: November 2014

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to research the status quo and future trend of the income elasticity of consumer demand of Chinese rural residents.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses Model ELES and Model GM(1,1) to analyze and predict the income elasticity of consumer demand in the rural areas of China.

Findings

The findings show the indicator that the income elasticity of consumer demand in the rural areas of China is quite large at present, but most sub‐categories of the indicators show a declining trend in the future.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for the relevant departments to adjust the economic polices timely and reasonably, according to specific form based on the findings above.

Originality/value

The income elasticity of consumer demand is an important indicator reflecting the relationship between consumer demand and income, so it is of great significance to research it.
Attachment style and mental health in adults with intellectual disability: self‐reports and reports by carers
Authors: Larson Felicity V. , Alim Nadja , Tsakanikos Elias
Published: November 2014

Purpose

This pilot study aimed to investigate whether adults with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities could accurately self‐report their attachment style. It explored whether there is a relationship between attachment style and challenging behaviour and/or mental health problems. Additionally, the paper examines the distribution of attachment styles in people with intellectual disabilities, based on the hypothesis that it might be different to that of the general population.

Design/methodology/approach

Adults with intellectual disabilities (n=60) and people who supported them (n=39) completed questionnaires based on Hazan and Shaver's attachment categories and mental health diagnoses. Supporters also provided information about challenging behaviour.

Findings

People with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities show the same range of attachment styles as the general population. Links between challenging behaviour and insecure attachment were found, and there was an association between depression and insecure‐avoidant attachment.

Originality/value

Applications of attachment theory in individual therapy and at a policy level are explored in light of the findings, as well as directions for future research. There appears to be a relationship between insecure attachment and depression in people with intellectual disabilities. This has implications for the psychological treatment of people with intellectual disabilities and interventions should be developed that focus on attachment relationships. Attachment behaviour may not be linked to challenging behaviour as directly as has been previously suggested, certainly for people with mild moderate intellectual disabilities.