bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Its Association with Effort-Reward Imbalance among Medical Officers Working in Government Hospitals in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Umum Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Chin Lie Joo , Husain Maruzairi ,   Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Fadzil Nor Asyikin ,   Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Kueh Yee Cheng ,   Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: November 2022

Background: Medical officers (MOs) face multiple sources of work-related stress, including work system transition, job insecurity, dissatisfaction with income and intense working environments. This study aimed to examine the quality of life (QOL), effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and their association among MOs working in government hospitals in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among MOs from Sarawak General Hospital and Hospital Sentosa from May 2018 to March 2020. A total of 614 participants were selected through convenient sampling. An email with a link to three sets of questionnaires via Google forms including a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and job characteristics, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF) (Malay version) and the effort-reward imbalance (ERI-Q) (long version) was sent to potential participants. A total of 276 MOs completed and returned the questionnaires. Data were analysed using descriptive, simple and multiple logistic regression analysis. A P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as a statistically significant result. Results: Most MOs reported no adversity in the workplace (i.e. 29% low effort/high reward, 5.1% high effort/high reward, 6.2% low effort/low reward and 23.6% high effort/low reward). More than half of MOs (54%) reported poor general QOL and were associated with a combination of active and passive on-calls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21, 23.79). Poor QOL in the physical domain was associated with the presence of chronic illness (AOR = 23.35; 95% CI: 4.25, 128.45), active on-calls (AOR = 14.75; 95% CI: 1.16, 188.35) and a combination of active and passive on-calls (AOR = 18.25; 95% CI: 1.39, 238.98). Men had a higher risk of poor QOL in the environmental domain (AOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.04, 3.98). Only 23.6% of MOs reported psychosocial adversity at work (high effort/low reward). High effort/low reward was associated with poor QOL in general (AOR = 4.71; 95% CI: 1.71, 13.01), physical (AOR = 4.53; 95% CI: 2.02, 10.17), psychological (AOR = 5.95; 95% CI: 2.82, 12.58) and environmental domains (AOR = 4.21; 95% CI: 1.95, 9.08). Low effort/high reward was found to have a lower likelihood of poor QOL in the social domain (AOR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.44). Conclusion: Higher ERI was found to be associated with poor QOL among MOs in government hospitals. Future
Use of Post-Mortem Computed Tomography During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Malaysian Experience
Authors:   Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia, Chainchel Singh Mansharan Kaur ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia,   National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Mohd Noor Mohamad Helmee ,   National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,   Radiology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ibrahim Mohamad Azaini ,   National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Siew Sheue Feng ,   National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lai Poh Soon ,   National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: November 2022

Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is highly contagious, making it a threat to healthcare workers, including those working in mortuaries. Therefore, it is important to determine if the cause of death (COD) could be identified using limited autopsy, diagnostic tests and post-mortem imaging modalities instead of full autopsy. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of post-mortem imaging, specifically post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) at determining the COD during a pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 172 subjects with suspected or unknown COVID-19 status brought in dead to the institute’s mortuary during the pandemic in Malaysia. PMCT images reported by forensic radiologists and their agreement with conventional autopsy findings by forensic pathologists regarding COD were analysed to look at the effectiveness of PMCT in determining COD during a pandemic. Results: Analysis showed that 78.7% (133) of cases reported by forensic radiologists concurred with the COD certified by forensic pathologists. Of these cases, 85 (63.9%) had undergone only external examination and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) COVID-19 testing, meaning that imaging was the sole method used to determine the COD besides history from available medical records and the investigating police officer. Conclusion: PMCT can be used as a complement to medicolegal autopsies in pandemic contexts, as it provides significant information on the possible COD without jeopardising the safety of mortuary health care workers.
Perencanaan Enterprise Architecture Pelayanan Informasi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Authors: Krismadinata Krismadinata , Minangsih Maya , Yahfizham Yahfizham , Verawardina Unung
Published: November 2022

The importance of the research was carried out because of the increasing public demand for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) assisted information system services at the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The expansion aims to be done with the concept of Enterprise Architecture (EA) which includes the pattern of The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) which has provided Architecture Development Method (ADM). The method approach used is design research which includes service concepts, architectural design, and the feasibility blueprint for computer-aided information systems in the future. The instrument used was through observation sheets, interview guides and documentation to gather planning information, and using a product questionnaire involving 5 experts consisting of 3 ICT lecturers and 2 business managers, while the practicality test involved 5 respondents. The study took place in BMKG Padang Panjang, West Sumatra Province, from June to September 2019. The data analysis technique in this study used descriptive analysis techniques. This study has produced a design that meets the criteria set out by the standard validity and practicality tests. Based on the results of tests conducted by experts (validator), it was found that the information system service blueprint was feasible to be built with 92% and 82% acceptance of the very valid category in the very practical category. because it is proven valid and practical.
Evaluasi Performa Support Vector Machine Classifier Terhadap Penyakit Mental
Authors: Furqan Mhd , Kurniawan Rakhmat , HP Kiki Iranda
Published: November 2022

Expression of genes found in the brains of autism, bipolar, and schizophrenia patients identified as overlapping. The overlap is a state in which the values of genes are similar. This paper aims to determine the best performance of support vector machines algorithm in classifying autism, bipolar, and schizophrenia based on the expression of genes using genome-wide association studies data. Using three support vector machine kernels, this study evaluates the performance of gaussian, laplacian, and sigmoid for genome-wide association studies datasets. The datasets were obtained from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium publications, where 660 data were taken with each disorder consisting of 220 data. This study proposes an optimal kernel for one-against-one and one-against-all multiclass support vector machine, and the performance is evaluated using accuracy. The study results show that the Gaussian kernel has the best accuracy performance compared to other support vector machines kernels in classifying genome-wide association studies data of autism, bipolar, and schizophrenia as early diagnosis.
Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Perkuliahan dengan Sentimen Analisis Menggunakan Naïve Bayes dan Smoothing Laplace
Authors: Ramadhani Nilam , Fajarianto Novan
Published: November 2022

A good lecture is certainly a goal so that students achieve maximum learning outcomes. In order for good lecture quality, lecture evaluation needs to be done,beside lecturer professional competency training. In order to improve the quality of lectures, Departement Informatics of Madura University (UNIRA) evaluates lecturers' performance in each semester. Form of evaluation is a questionnaire that filled out by students.Results of the questionnaire, then it is analyzed to find out whether the comments are positive, negative, or neutral. The method that can be used to solve the problem of sentiment classification analysis is Naïve Bayes that combined with text processing techniques.The data comments that collected are 342. After grouping the comments by subject, there were 31 comments for subject Human and Computer Interaction (HCI). In this data comments then performed data cleaning, data transformation, text processing and labeling. Then classifying comments using Naïve Bayes with Smoothing Laplace. Results of accuration obtained an accuracy to 80%. The results of  implementation Naïve Bayes algorithm with Smoothing Laplace, it can be seen the sentiment analysis of the subjects that lectures taught.
Pengamanan Pesan Menggunakan Metode MLSB PRNG dan Kompresi File dengan Algoritma RLE pada File Audio
Authors: Rivaldo Rian , Handrizal Handrizal , Herriyance Herriyance
Published: November 2022

The development of sending messages from one place to another can be done regardless of distance and time. However, the delivery of these messages is hampered by problems of confidentiality and message security. Especially if the data contains important and confidential information that not just anyone is allowed to read and find out about it. In overcoming this problem, steganography techniques can be used with the Modified Least Significant Bit algorithm, where the determination of the embedding index is based on random numbers generated by the Pseudo-Random Number Generator with the Multiply with Carry algorithm. In addition to security, data size is also an important factor in data transmission. The larger the size the more time it will take to transmit the data. Therefore, the Run Length Encoding algorithm is needed to compress the data size, which will shorten the time to transmit the data. In the message extraction process, a stego key is needed to generate random numbers. Based on the testing of the extraction process with an arbitrary key, it is obtained that the message tested is not the original message that has been embedded previously. In the results of the embedding and extraction process, it is obtained that the average value of PSNR is 63.61498 dB, which means the quality of the stego object produced is quite good. Whereas the measurement of file compression performance results with an average value of Compression Ratio at 1.00113, Space Savings at 0.1133%, and Bitrate at 584025.33 bits/sample. These results indicate that RLE algorithm compression is not efficient to compress file sizes.
Analisis Tingkat Kematangan Adopsi Service Oriented Architecture Menggunakan ISO/IEC 16680 (OSIMM)
Authors: Mutiah Nurul , Febriyanto Ferdy
Published: November 2022

Enterprise application integration makes data sharing easier, efficient and provides flexibility for organizations to seize opportunities and respond to stakeholder needs. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) Tanjungpura University is an organization that wants to apply information technology effectively to support its business processes. Currently the application at FMIPA is built with different platforms and databases so that it cannot be integrated to share data between parts of the organization. FMIPA intends to build a service-oriented technology architecture to support the realization of organizational goals. SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) can be used as a framework for enterprise application integration. SOA adoption is often not as expected because organizations do not plan their processes comprehensively. It is necessary to measure the maturity level of the organization's SOA adoption so that the current state of the organization's SOA and future expectations can be found. ISO/IEC 16680 (OSIMM) is a method for measuring the SOA maturity level with 7 levels of maturity and 7 dimensions. To expedite the SOA adoption process in FMIPA, SOA maturity level was measured using ISO/IEC 16680. Based on measurements of the seven dimensions of SOA at ISO/IEC 16680, it was found that the current level of SOA adoption maturity (As-Is) at FMIPA Untan was at the level one (Silo), while the expected maturity level (To-Be) is level four (Service). Gap analysis then carried out related to the gap in maturity levels, and is followed by making recommendations dan roadmap for SOA adoption.
Rancangan Aplikasi Monitoring Online Untuk Meningkatkan Pemeliharaan Prediktif Pada PLTD
Authors: Paillin Daniel Bunga , Widiatmoko Yoyok
Published: November 2022

Evaluation of operating data is one of the most important things about preventing disruption to the diesel generating unit. At this time process of recording the condition of the power plant (log sheet) in PLTD Hative Kecil is still done manually so that the evaluation process of the data that has been taken is still not optimal, and the use of parameter data as a basis for improving engine performance has also not been maximized. The purpose of this study is to design a web-based plant operation monitoring application to optimize predictive maintenance, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of processing plant data operations and as a reference for maintenance planning and assist in making decisions so that Operational Excellence can be achieved. The results of the design can provide information on the condition of the engine in real-time that can be used for planning, controlling, and evaluating the predictive maintenance of diesel generators in PLTD Hative Kecil
Peramalan Harga Saham Serentak Menggunakan Model Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis
Authors: Marjuni Aris
Published: November 2022

Stock price fluctuations in the stock market are widely influenced by financial environment changes in both micro and macro that are usually unpredictable and can not be controlled by stock players. On the other side, stock price information is very essential and much needed for both buyers and traders. Stock price forecasting is one of the analytical techniques to obtain stock price prediction based on the previous historical stock prices. The open and close prices are important information in stock trading. The opening price can influence the movement towards the closing price, and the closing price becomes important for the next day's opening price. In technical analysis, the relationship between the two stock prices can be parametric or non-parametric. This study discusses the stock price prediction or forecasting through the non-parametric approach using a multivariate singular spectrum analysis method with the consideration that open and close prices are simultaneously working in the same system and time. Performance evaluation using Mean Absolute Percentage Error shows that the multivariate singular spectrum analysis method can produce predicted open and close prices with an error rate of 3.18% and 3.21%, respectively. Hence, this method can be used as an alternative for stock price forecasting simultaneously.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Innovation Resistance dan Intention to Use Terhadap Penerapan Pembayaran Non Tunai
Authors: Softina Rifa Alfianu , Amin Faris Mushlihul , Wahyudi Noor
Published: November 2022

Pertamina implements the MyPertamina cashless payment system to improve the quality of service to consumers in purchasing Pertamina products. Nevertheless, the MyPertamina application lacks users, as no research has discussed the reason for MyPertamina's low adoption rate; thus, it can be an exciting topic to investigate further. The objective of this research was to gain a better understanding of technological resistance by exploring the factors that contribute to resistance behaviour and intentions to adopt technology for MyPertamina services. The conceptual model was based on social influence, innovation resistance theory, and planned behaviour theory. Data was collected by distributing online questionnaires, and up to 350 data sets were processed using the structural equation model - partial least squares method. The results indicated that traditional and image barriers had a significant positive effect on innovation resistance, and social influence and self-efficacy significantly impacted the intention to use. In comparison, innovation resistance had a negative effect on the intention to use.
Vulnerability Assessment Website E-Government dengan NIST SP 800-115 dan OWASP Menggunakan Web Vulnerability Scanner
Authors: Darojat Esti Zakia , Sediyono Eko , Sembiring Irwan
Published: November 2022

E-Government is one of the local government's means of implementing service-oriented values and public information disclosure by providing the local government's official website. Vulnerability Assessment (VA) is a vulnerability assessment method by testing security vulnerabilities to find out all potential critical weaknesses of e-government websites, the aims is to support convenience and service improvement when using e-government websites. The method is using descriptive quantitative to analyze and evaluate security level of both e-government websites based on the NIST SP 800-115 method regarding technical guidelines for testing and assessing information security parameters and OWASP using two web vulnerability scanners. This study is to analyze and evaluate the results of vulnerability scanning on two different types of e-government web, namely the e-government web belonging to the local government and village government, the sample assessment using the semarangkab.go.id website belonging to the local government of Semarang Regency, Central Java Province. and gunungtumpeng.id which is the official e-government website owned by the Gunung Tumpeng Village Government, Suruh District, Semarang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ditemukan persamaan penilaian dalam hal kategori level ancaman dan jumlah kerentanan menggunakan kedua alat web vulnerability scanner, dan hasil yang berbeda terdapat pada durasi, kecepatan pemindaian, dan jenis temuan kerentanan. Kedua parameter OWASP dapat memberikan petunjuk dan penjelasan kompleks untuk membantu pengembang atau pihak pemerintah daerah melakukan pengambilan keputusan mengenai keamanan informasi pada web e-government yang dikelola.
Penerapan Logika ANFIS Sistem Penilaian Kinerja Dosen Pada Tri Dharma dan Perilaku Kerja
Authors: Kiswanto Kiswanto , Benny Benny Wijaya , Yuri Yurindra , Mar Marini , Sarwindah Sarwindah , Supardi Supardi
Published: November 2022

This research is motivated by several problems related to the not-yet optimal implementation of the performance assessment of tri dharma lecturers and work behavior on the ISB Atma Luhur campus. The importance of this research is because the tri dharma lecturer performance appraisal system and work behavior are useful for study program accreditation and university accreditation. The purpose of this study is to make lecturers responsible for the tri dharma and work behavior. The method used in this study is the ANFIS logic method. The results of this study are in the form of a lecturer's report card or a lecturer's performance assessment for one semester issued by SPMI. The variables used are education and teaching 40%, research 20%, dedication 10%, and work behavior 30%. The main result is the report card for each lecturer. The main finding from the lecturers' report cards, a decision can be made for SPMI to reprimand lecturers whose lecturers report cards to fall into the category of "BAD" lecturer performance. The average teaching value obtained is 3,624 plus the research value is 2,920 plus the service value is 2,800 plus work behavior, the value is 2,908. Lecturer performance value = 0.4 teaching plus 0.2 research plus 0.1 community service plus 0.3 work behavior. Equals 1.450 plus 0.584 plus 0.280 plus 0.872 equals 3.186. So the performance value of this lecturer is included in the category of "GOOD" lecturer performance.
Práticas para os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável: O Caso do Bairro da Juventude
Authors: Picolli Icaro Roberto Azevedo , Schmitt Tatiani , Alberton Anete , Ramôa Carlos Eduardo de Almeida
Published: November 2022

Organizações da sociedade civil, entre elas empresas do terceiro setor, têm papel fundamental para o alcance dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODSs), foco da Agenda 2030. Os ODS são objetivos e metas definidos pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), visando ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesse contexto, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar as ações desenvolvidas pela Organização Bairro da Juventude e a relação com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável a partir da ótica do Triple Botton Line – TBL. A Organização Bairro da Juventude desenvolve ações no âmbito da educação e atende crianças e adolescentes da região de Criciúma – SC que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, consiste em um estudo de caso com os dados coletados por meio de entrevistas, observação direta e análise das comunicações públicas da Organização. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para fazer a interlocução das informações coletadas e as devidas conexões teóricas, propiciando o diagnóstico e prognóstico das ações com foco nos ODSs. Os resultados demonstraram que a Organização tem desenvolvido ações com os alunos e professores, visando à promoção e conscientização para o desenvolvimento sustentável e seus objetivos.
Do Acesso ao Êxito Acadêmico: A Importância da Política de Assistência Estudantil no Ensino Superior
Authors: Kroth Darlan Christiano , Barth Enise
Published: November 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a contribuição dos auxílios financeiros oriundos do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (Pnaes) para estudantes socioeconomicamente vulneráveis de uma universidade federal jovem e do interior da Região Sul do Brasil. É apresentado modelo teórico de permanência de estudantes no Ensino Superior – com base em Breier (2010) e Bowles e Brindle (2017) – que aborda o papel do auxílio financeiro para a permanência de estudantes. A pesquisa, em termos de procedimentos técnicos, foi predominantemente documental. As informações coletadas compreendem três conjuntos de informações acadêmicas da instituição: i) do perfil dos estudantes matriculados; ii) da evolução dos recursos e dos estudantes beneficiários do Pnaes e iii) de indicadores de desempenho acadêmico de estudantes beneficiários e não beneficiários do Pnaes. Os resultados indicaram que estudantes beneficiários do Pnaes obtiveram melhor desempenho acadêmico, comparativamente, que os estudantes não beneficiários de auxílios, indicando evidências do efeito positivo desta política para esse perfil de universidade federal.
O comércio imigrante no processo de desenvolvimento: contribuições dos empreendimentos árabes em Sant’ana do Livramento/RS
Authors: Moh’d Khalil Salameh Ahmad Soraia , Troian Alessandra
Published: November 2022

A ampliação do setor comercial em Sant’Ana do Livramento corresponde ao mesmo período no qual se intensificou a presença de imigrantes árabes no município. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições do comércio e do setor de serviços dos imigrantes árabes no processo de desenvolvimento local de Sant’Ana do Livramento/RS, município brasileiro que faz divisa com a cidade de Rivera, no Uruguai. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como quantitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo. As técnicas de pesquisa adotadas foram: revisão de literatura e coleta de dados primários. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de 62 questionários, contendo questões fechadas e abertas a comerciantes árabes do município. Os resultados indicam que, com relação aos estabelecimentos comerciais e por meio da prestação de serviços, os imigrantes árabes desempenham um papel importante na sociedade santanense, seja pela geração de emprego, pagamento de impostos, pela atração de turistas ou pelos investimentos locais que realizam, contribuindo, assim, para o processo de desenvolvimento local.
Eigen value approach with memory dependant derivative on homogeneous isotropic infinitely extended rotating plate of a finite thickness in absence of heat source
Authors: Chakraborty S. , Lahiri A. , Das B.
Published: November 2022

Our present manuscript is an attempt to derive a model of generalized thermoelasticity with dual phase lag heat conduction by using the methodology of memory dependent derivative for a isotropic rotating plate subject to the prescribed boundary conditions with constant magnetic and electric intensities. Two integral transform such as Laplace transform for time variable and Fourier transform for space variable are employed to the governing equations to formulate vector-matrix differential equation which is then solved by eigenvalue approach methodology. The inversion of two integral transformations is carried out using suitable numerical techniques. Numerical computations for displacement, thermal strain and stress component, temperature distribution are evaluated and presented graphically under influences of different physical parameters.
Violencia de género en Brasil y Cuba
Authors: Ramalho Christina Bielinski
Published: November 2022

El libro Sin mordaza, organizado por Caridad Atencio y Christina Ramalho, presenta poemas de 33 poetas brasileñas y cubanas por medio de los cuales se puede reconocer el poder de resistencia representado por la autoría femenina en tiempos de índices cada vez más alarmantes de prácticas socialmente reconocidas como “violencia de género”. Nuestra propuesta es, a partir de referencias como Yanetsy Pino Reina, Ailynn Torres Santana, Amalia Pérez Martín, Diana Marcela Gómez Correal, Natalia Quiroga Díaz y María Lugones, entre otras, emprender un enfoque sociocrítico de algunos de estos poemas, en búsqueda de comprender mejor las marcas contradiscursivas presentes en estos poemas y los aspectos que nos permiten considerarlos también como signos de decolonialidad ya que el patriarcado que sustentó ambas experiencias como países colonizados aún hoy muestra su fuerza.
Hazards of Using Antibiotic Growth Promoters in the Poultry Industry
Authors: Alagawany Mahmoud , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E. , Saeed Muhammad , Khan Muhammad S. , Kamboh Asghar A. , Siddique Faisal , Raza Ali , Farag Mayada R. , Mahgoub Samir
Published: November 2022

The poultry industry is one of the significant hubs of the livestock industry and the world's largest food industry. In the last 50 years, it has become common to observe poultry antibiotic feeding to treat disease and growth. Antibiotics inhibit the growth of toxic and beneficial microorganisms. They are used as growth promoters when given in adjunctive therapy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that fifty million pounds of antibiotics will be produced each year in the USA. Forty percent of the total antibiotics produced will be used in agriculture. 11 million pounds are used for the poultry sector and 24 million for domestic and wild animals. Ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, tylosin, tetracycline, virginiamycin, tilmicos, nitrofuran and sulfamids are used as growth promoters in the poultry industry globally. Antibacterial residues are found in various parts of poultry birds, e.g., kidney, heart, gizzard, liver, chest, thigh muscles, albumin and egg yolk. These residues may directly or indirectly produce many health concerns in human beings, such as toxic effects in the liver, brain, bone marrow, kidney, allergic reaction, mutagenicity, reproductive abnormalities and gastrointestinal tract leading to indigestion. In addition, resistant strains of pathogenic microbes pose an indirect threat to antibacterial residues that can spread to humans and contaminate residual fertilizers used as plant fertilizers. This chapter describes the benefits and contraindications of antibiotics used as growth promoters and the toxic effects of antimicrobial residues in poultry and humans.
Probiotics in Poultry Nutrition as a Natural Alternative for Antibiotics
Authors: Abd El-Hack Mohamed E. , Alagawany Mahmoud , El-Shall Nahed A. , Shehata Abdelrazeq M. , Abdel-Moneim Abdel-Moneim E. , Naiel Mohammed A. E.
Published: November 2022

Since the early 1950s, antibiotics have been used in poultry for improving
feed efficiency and growth performance. Nevertheless, various side effects have
appeared, such as antibiotic resistance, antibiotic residues in eggs and meat, and
imbalance of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Consequently, it is essential to find other
alternatives that include probiotics that improve poultry production. Probiotics are live
microorganisms administered in adequate doses and improve host health. Probiotics are
available to be used as feed additives, increasing the availability of the nutrients for
enhanced growth by digesting the feed properly. Immunity and meat and egg quality
can be improved by supplementation of probiotics in poultry feed. Furthermore, the
major reason for using probiotics as feed additives is that they can compete with
various infectious diseases causing pathogens in poultry's gastrointestinal tract. Hence,
this chapter focuses on the types and mechanisms of action of probiotics and their
benefits, by feed supplementation, for poultry health and production.
The Beneficial Impacts of Essential Oils Application against Parasitic Infestation in Fish Farm
Authors: Negm Samar S. , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E. , Alagawany Mahmoud , Patra Amlan Kumar , Naiel Mohammed A. E.
Published: November 2022

Aquaculture is a growing sector due to the high rising demand for fish, shrimp, oysters, and other products, which is partially conflicted by various infectious diseases. The infectious diseases affecting the production and inducing high mortalities cause substantial economic losses in this sector. Also, parasitic infections may induce severe mortality and morbidity in fish farms. Therefore, most farmers apply several kinds of antibiotics to control the problems induced by bacterial diseases and, to some extent, parasitic infections. The extensive usage of antibiotics to control or prevent pathogens may lead to the development of pathogenic resistant strains that might cause hazards to human health. Besides, there is a global trend toward reducing the application of antibiotics in aquaculture farms. Thus, there is a great effort to discover new natural and safe products with pharmaceutical properties, such as natural essential oils (EO). Essential oils are secondary metabolites of many plants (roots, flowers, seeds, leaves, fruits and peels) and their molecular structures provide a high antimicrobial and antiparasitic efficiency against pathogens. Consequently, it is essential to provide sufficient knowledge about the mode of action of EO against fish parasites and its future applications and directions in aquaculture.
Piezoelectric Materials for Sensor Applications
Authors: Pawar D.
Published: November 2022

Today, the piezoelectric materials are the state-of-art materials due to their mesmerizing property of tuning mechanical strain or vibrational energy into an electrical energy and vice versa, and therefore, it is considered very promising for future technological applications. In this chapter, the details including fundamental mechanism of piezoelectricity, fabrication methods, newly designed piezoelectric materials, and their applications in various fields are deeply reviewed. The conclusion and the future outlook are discussed.
Process Optimization for Biodiesel Production Using Agro-Waste Substrate
Authors:   Savitribai Phule Pune
            University, Ravikumar Ameeta , Bed Rashmi ,   Savitribai Phule Pune
            University, Ravi Kumar V. ,   CSIR-National Chemical
            Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
Published: November 2022

To address the  sustainable energy crisis along with waste management issues we
developed a fungal biomass driven biorefinery based on cheap, abundantly available
agro-waste as input, yielding cleaner burning renewable biodiesel (FAME). MNNG
mutagenized Aspergillus terreus variant, TB21 grown on lignocellulosic substrate,
sugarcane bagasse detoxified liquid hydrolysate supplemented with lipid accumulation
media (DLH-LAM) showed almost 1.5 times higher FAME yields (33.34 mg/g) in contrast to
wild type (24.51 mg/g). To future test the scope for process improvement, media
optimization was carried out by subjecting DLH-LAM components for statistical
optimization by Plackett-Burman design. NH4Cl, yeast extract and trace salt solution
were identified as significant factors enhancing FAME yields to 241.98 mg/g of TB21 wet
biomass at 2% DLH-LAM. Which was 2.8 times higher in comparison to TB21 grown on
un-optimized 3% DLH-LAM, yielding FAME of 86.55 mg/g of wet biomass. Significant
increase in  FAME content at comparatively lower carbon requirement improved the
feasibility of the process post media optimization.  Our goal is to employ such
strategic optimization techniques at scaled-up level. Preliminary work on this has been
initiated as TB21 variant was grown in 6.7 L Fermenter on 3% glucose-LAM (3L vol), 120
rpm for 72 hours yielding 42.811 g/L wet biomass. Such strategic improvements in
biodiesel generation technology are need of the hour for its environmental and
socioeconomic benefits. Key words:  biodiesel; process optimization; in-situ direct
transesterification; biomass; Plackett-Burman; FAME  ; Aspergillus terreus
Camelina breeding and development- a Canadian perspective
Authors:   AAFC, Eynck Christina
Published: November 2022

Climate change is predicted to have a more profound impact on the Canadian
Prairies compared to other regions in the world, with higher relative temperatures,
longer periods of water stress and increased frequency of droughts. Camelina sativa
(camelina) is a promising alternative, climate-resilient oilseed that could become part
of a Canadian strategy to battle climate change and its detrimental effects on
agriculture. Albeit currently a small crop, camelina has enormous potential for growth:
favorable agronomics, like early maturity, frost and drought tolerance, pest and disease
resistance, as well as exceptional winter hardiness in true winter types in combination
with a unique oil profile render it an excellent feedstock crop not only for biofuel,
but also high value feed and food uses. Uses for camelina oil and meal include
industrial applications (e.g. biodiesel, lubricants, and polymers) and higher value
areas such as cosmetics, Omega-3 supplements for human and companion animal nutrition,
and applications in the livestock, poultry and aquaculture feed sectors. As a relatively
undeveloped crop, there is significant potential for improvement of both agronomic and
seed quality characteristics. This presentation will provide an overview of current
camelina breeding and crop development efforts underway at the AAFC Research and
Development Center in Saskatoon in collaboration with industry. This includes variety
and germplasm development in spring- and winter-type camelina, insights into the
genomics of camelina as well as recent developments in the Canadian camelina
industry.
Spontaneous aggregation of glutathione in aqueous solutions and the use of Ellman's
procedure to detect thiol moieties
Authors:   University of
            Guelph, Peyronel Fernanda , Pink David ,   St.Francis Xavier
            University/University of Guelph, Matharoo Gurpreet ,   Compute
            Canada/ACENET, Joye Iris ,   University of
            Guelph, Razul Shajahan ,   St.Francis Xavier
            University, Cao Wei ,   University of
            Guelph
Published: November 2022

Ellman's procedure for detecting thiol moieties has been used to quantify the
formation of disulfide bonds. The philosophy here is that DTNB used by Ellman will
detect the development of oxidation as a function of time as per temporal decrease of
the SH moieties. Recently (Lauwers et al 2016, Cao et al 2021) this technique was used
to quantify the oxidation of cysteine and glutathione as function of time. It was
reported that, at pH = 6.5, for all cases of cysteine and one case of glutathione
studied, the number of thiols became zero in a finite time, tc. Using Smoluchowski
equations (a) we pointed out that in milliQ water with cysteine molecules searching
randomly to form disulfide bonds, we should find that tc â†’ âˆž, and (b) we proposed
that cysteine molecules, carrying zero net charge at pH = 6.5, aggregated so that SH
groups were â€˜hiddenâ€™ in the interior thus preventing the detection of thiols by DTNB
thus erroneously reporting the number of thiols to be zero after a finite time. This is
analogous to the necessity to disrupt the structure of a protein before using Ellman's
procedure. We have used atomic scale molecular dynamics to simulate both cysteine and
glutathione in milliQ water. The results showed that, instead of being randomly
distributed, cysteine does indeed form aggregates as the Smoluchowski equations
indicated. We shall present results for glutathione to (i) establish whether this
molecule, which is charged at pH = 6.5, forms aggregates, (ii) if aggregates are formed,
whether DTNB will be unable to access thiols hidden inside them.
Controlling Outcomes Succeeding in Safety
Authors:   Blind Corner Solutions
            LLC, German Brent
Published: November 2022

Safety programs intend to prevent all accidents.  What happens when something goes
wrong?  Preparing for failure will help your safety program succeed €“ and lessen the
severity of an event when it does occur.  This discussion focuses on controlling event
outcomes so that they do not become incidents.  Primarily intended for plant managers
and supervisors.
Potential of lipid class separation- mass spectrometry approaches for high-throughput lipidomic quantitation
Authors:   University of Pardubice, Holcapek Michal
Published: November 2022

The coupling of liquid-phase separation techniques and mass spectrometry (MS) is the prevailing analytical strategy in lipidomic analysis [1]. Two basic chromatographic approaches are available, lipid class separation and lipid species separation. The lipid class separation is represented by hydrophilic liquid chromatography (HILIC) and ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC) and offers advantages for high-throughput quantitation due to the coelution of lipid class internal standards and analytes from the same class [2]. Multiple lipid classes from phospholipid, sphingolipid, glycerolipid, fatty acyl, and sterol categories can be quantified in biological samples, but the main issue in lipidomic quantitation is the long-term stability of measured data [3]. The development of the LipidQuant 1.0 tool for automated processing of lipidomic data [4] was essential for high-throughput analysis of large clinical cohorts. The comprehensive MS determination of a wide range of blood lipids reveals statistically significant differences between various types of cancer patients and healthy controls visualized by multivariate data analysis, such as nonsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The most extensive results are obtained for pancreatic cancer [5] but similar patterns of dysregulation were observed for kidney, breast, and prostate cancers as well [6]. The most dysregulated lipids are very long chain monounsaturated sphingomyelins, ceramides, LPC 18:2, and some other phospholipids. The sensitivity and specificity to diagnose pancreatic cancer were more than 90%.References[1] HolÄapek, M.; Liebisch, G.; Ekroos, K. Anal. Chem. 2018, 90, 4249-4257.[2] Wolrab, D.; ChocholouÅ¡kovÃ¡, M.; JirÃ¡sko, R.; Peterka, O.; HolÄapek, M; Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2020, 412, 2375.[3] Wolrab, D. et al., Anal. Chim. Acta 2020, 1137, 74-84.[4] Wolrab, D. et al., Bioinformatics 2021, 37, 4591-4592.[5] Wolrab, D. et al., Nat. Com. 2021, 13, 124.[6] Wolrab, D. et al., Sci. Rep. 2021, 11, 20322.
Glycerol polymerization over stable and selective calcium hydroxyapatite
Authors:   Univ. Lille, Dumeignil Franck , Katryniok Benjamin ,   Centrale Lille
            Institut, Ebadi Pour Negissa ,   Centrale Lille
            Institut
Published: November 2022

High catalytic activity and large availability of Ca-based catalysts make them
particulartly attractive for the glycerol polymerization reaction. However, this kind of
catalyts usually suffers from a poor stability under the reactions conditions. We
present herein the use of Ca-hydroxyapatites (HAps), a very abundant Ca source in the
nature, as glycerol polymerization catalysts combining high performance in terms of
selectivity and high resistance to deactivation by leaching. We have synthesized,
characterized and tested Ca-rich, stochiometric and Ca-deficient HAps. The two latter
ones were fully selective to triglycerol at a glycerol conversion of 15Â %, at 245Â Â°C
after 8Â h in the presence of 0.5Â mol.% of catalyst. Under the same reaction
conditions, the Ca-rich HAp was highly selective to di- and triglycerol (88Â %) at a
glycerol conversion of 27Â %. All the catalysts proved to be stable with negligible Ca
species leaching according to the ICP-OES results.
Oil produced from Ghana cocoa bean for potential industrial applications
Authors:   Aix-Marseille
            University, Dodoo Daniel , Kotoka Francis ,   Ghent
            University, Appiah Godfred ,   IHE Delft Institute of Water
            Education, Tulashie Samuel ,   University of Cape
            Coast
Published: November 2022

Cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao) oil is a promising intermediate cocoa product with
few research demonstrating its potential for the direct production of industrial cocoa
products. The liquefied form could be utilised as an intermediate cocoa bean product to
manufacture industrial cocoa products with a controllable yield and low cost. This study
highlights the extraction and characterisations of oil obtained from the Ghana cocoa
bean crop to evaluate its suitability for industrial applications. A solvent extraction
method was employed to extract the oil at variable extraction temperatures and times.
Kinetic and thermodynamic models were adopted to study the oil's extraction at varying
temperatures and times. The maximum yield of the oil (21.62%) was reached at the highest
temperature and time at 333 K and 130 min, respectively, following first-order kinetics.
The thermodynamic studies indicated that the extraction process is a forward,
irreversible, endothermic, and spontaneously favourable process with activation energy
15.57 kJ mol-1. Next, the physicochemical properties were below the recommended values
and acceptable for industrial and commercial applications. For instance, the oil's
iodine, peroxide, saponification, unsaponification, and free fatty acids were below the
recommended standards acceptable for industrial applications. The gas chromatography
identified stearic acid (37%), oleic acid (34%), and palmitic acid (26%) as the major
fatty acids in the oil. Differential scanning calorimetry “thermal gravimetric studies
showed that the oil was thermally stable at high temperatures until thermal
decomposition occurred around 260Â°C. Likewise, computational modelling and Fourier
infrared red spectroscopy analysis revealed that the oil was highly stable to thermal
oxidation despite the high temperatures employed for the extraction process. All in all,
the results indicate that the extraction process can be optimised to maximise the oil's
yield and reduce production costs. The oil's chemical and physical properties make it a
suitable intermediate cocoa product for industrial applications.
Membrane-based oil and biodiesel washing
Authors:   NEXT-ChemX, Kocherginsky Nikolai
Published: November 2022

One of the key steps of physical oil refining is washing with aqueous solutions.
It is based on mixing and separation in a mixer-settler or centrifuge. Patented
membrane-based washing allows to conduct washing without direct mixing with water, i.e.
without subsequent separation. Oil and water are separated by a membrane. No
transmembraneÂ pressure is necessary.Â  We will present our results of an acid value
improvement in some oils and the removal of glycerol and alkali from biodiesel. The
process is fast and energy-efficient. It does not need clays,Â is water- and oil-saving,
and is easy to scale up.
The Analysis and Authentication of Avocado Oil using High Field- & Low
Field-NMR
Authors:   The Ohio State
            University, Tang Fenfen , Hatzakis Emmanuel ,   The Ohio State
            University, Green Hilary ,   University of California,
            Davis, Wang Selina ,   University of California,
            Davis
Published: November 2022

The popularity of avocado oil has increased among consumers due to its
organoleptic properties and health-promoting effects. Avocado oil in the US market has
been found to be adulterated with cheaper oils like other high-value edible oils, such
as olive oil, or of poor quality. A variety of analytical methods, including
chromatography and spectroscopy, have been used to evaluate the quality and purity of
avocado oils. In addition, recently, high-resolution (HR) NMR has been successfully
applied to determine fatty acid contents and to discriminate avocado oil from other
vegetable oils. Despite their advantages, these methods suffer from several weaknesses.
For example, they can be either labor-intensive and time-consuming, or expensive and
requiring highly skilled experts. LF-NMR has been utilized for the analysis of many food
products. It is more affordable, user-friendly, and fits well in an industrial
environment, in addition to being rapid and non-destructive. However, most of the LF-NMR
applications involve relaxometry instead of spectroscopy, which limits its potential in
food analysis. As LF-NMR has been developed into a more powerful and versatile tool over
decades,Â here we applied LF-NMR with chemometrics to distinguish avocado oil from other
vegetable oils, including olive, canola, soybean, high-oleic (HO) safflower and HO
sunflower oil, and validated the results by fatty acids and triacylglycerols profiling
using GC-FID and HPLS-CAD, respectively. With the exploitation of advanced multivariate
data analysis, such as Random Forest, LF-NMR provided comparable discrimination
performance of different types of vegetable oils to HR-NMR, despite the challenges of
high oleic oils. LF-NMR combinedÂ with PLS regression wasÂ ableÂ toÂ efficientlyÂ and
rapidly determineÂ fatty acid contents using GC-FID as the reference method for
modeling. LF-NMR was shown to have the potential for monitoring avocado oil processing
and authentication in many sectors, as an alternative orÂ complementary method to
conventional food analysis instrumentations.