bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protection of the Underwater Part of the Ship’s Hull with Antifouling Coatings
Authors: Stojanović Ivan , Fatović Ivan , Rukavina Juraj , Kurtela Marin , Alar Vesna
Published: December 2024

The development of world trade is based on the global transport of goods and people, and the most advantageous and most common form of transport is transport by ships, which, with their service in a demanding medium such as seas and oceans, must withstand numerous challenges such as corrosion and fouling. The hull and the rest of the structure of modern ships are made mainly of carbon steel and aluminum, which are susceptible to corrosion damage in the marine environment and require adequate protection against corrosion. The most commonly used method for corrosion protection on ships is protection with coatings that form an impermeable barrier between steel or aluminum and marine environment. In addition to the corrosive effects of the sea, the outer surface of the ship’s hull is also exposed to fouling of marine organisms such as bacteria, algae and shellfish. By settling on the ship’s hull, they increase the friction between the hull and seawater, increase the weight of the ship and cause damage to the protective coating. The most commonly used method for protection against fouling are anti-fouling coatings that are applied to the outer surface of the underwater part of the ship’s hull. Antifouling coatings have been in use for many years, but with raising awareness of the protection of the sea and marine organisms and the progress of technology, some old types of antifouling coatings based on tributyltin base have been abandoned and banned, and new, more effective and less harmful coatings for the marine world are coming into use. Currently, the most common antifouling coatings in shipbuilding are self-polishing antivegetative coatings based on copper biocides. In this paper, the efficiency and quality of antifouling coatings with an insoluble matrix and self-polishing coatings on steel and aluminum substrates were studied.
Exploring Historical Maritime Cyber-Attacks and Introducing Maritime Security Operations Center as a Solution to Mitigate Them
Authors: Nasr Ahmed Nagi , Leiger Roomet , Zaitseva-Pärnaste Inga , Kujala Pentti
Published: December 2024

Maritime transportation systems are increasingly embracing advanced technology and relying more on digital solutions, resulting in the escalation of potential cyber threats and the expansion of attack surface. Furthermore, in the upcoming years, the adoption of AI-based navigation and autonomous vessels will further broaden the scope of attack vectors. The widespread use of technologies like Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) and Automatic Identification System (AIS) reveals gaps in current cybersecurity protocols within the maritime sector. In this paper, we aim to highlight the consequences of lacking proper security protocols employed for digital systems onboard ships by examining historical cyber-attacks on vessels. Additionally, we will explore the concept of a Maritime Security Operations Center (M-SOC), which can play a major role in enhancing cybersecurity in the maritime sector. The unique nature of M-SOC, which operates on real-time threat detection, can enhance resilience and protect critical infrastructure. Moreover, M-SOC serves as a centralized hub for analyzing cybersecurity data and coordinating response efforts.
Proliferation of Unmanned Aerial and Maritime Vehicles in Military Operations
Authors: Ljulj Andrija , Slapničar Vedran , Smiljanić Dražen
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an analysis of the proliferation of unmanned aerial and maritime vehicles (UAMVs) and their implications for future military operations. Although initially, the development and production of such vehicles were under state control, they recently moved to the private sector, and their capabilities were constantly improved. They are used for civilian and military purposes. Since there has been a drastic drop in the cost of UAMV production, they are becoming available to almost all armed forces, while previously, it was the privilege of only a few countries. The rapid development of UAMV for military purposes is considered as a new technological revolution that is already significantly changing the character and way of conducting armed conflicts, and it is estimated that their participation and importance in future potential disputes will be increased. The development of UAMVs and their use in armed conflicts has led to their proliferation and production race. The paper analyses the experience of UAMV use in recent military conflicts and identifies its advantages and limitations. Finally, it draws conclusions and recommendations for strategic military planners on implementing those technological changes within the armed forces and provides an adequate response to this threat.
Root repair review: Basic science background and clinical	outcome
Authors: Carlstedt Thomas
Published: December 2024

Spinal nerve root injuries have a profound effect on the different parts (PNS and CNS) of the root itself as well as the pertinent spinal cord segment. A root avulsion from the spinal cord is a longitudinal spinal cord injury. There is degeneration of sensory and motor axons, loss of synapses, deterioration of local segmental connections, nerve cell death and reactions among non neuronal cells with scar formation, i.e. a cascade of events similar to those known to occur in any injury to the spinal cord. For function to be restored, nerve cells must survive and there must be regrowth of new nerve fibres along a trajectory consisting of CNS growth-inhibitory tissue in the spinal cord as well as PNS growth-promoting tissue in nerves. Problems in PNS regeneration such as non directional growths and unspecific reinnervation of target organs lead to unpredictable sensorimotor activity and conspires against a useful recovery of function. From the results of basic science experiments, a surgical strategy to treat root avulsion with spinal cord injury has been developed. In humans this technique is currently the most promising treatment of any spinal cord injury, with return of useful function together with pain alleviation in cases where all nerves to the extremity have been avulsed from the spinal cord. At present the shortcomings of this technique are proportionate to the delay before surgery, which leads to death of nerve cells and incomplete and unpredictable recovery. In order to improve this situation and achieve further recovery of useful function including sensory perceptions and to fully alleviate pain it is necessary to pursue research and development of both basic and clinical science.
Regeneration of axons in the visual system
Authors: Berry Martin , Ahmed Zubair , Lorber Barbara , Douglas Michael , Logan Ann
Published: December 2024

This review will describe the unique advantages that are offered by the visual system of mammals and other vertebrates for studying the regenerative responses of the central nervous system (CNS) to injury, and recent insights provided by such studies. In the mouse and rat visual system a variety of experimental paradigms promote survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and optic nerve regeneration, probably through stimulation by neurotrophic factors (NTF) either directly, or indirectly through retinal astrocyte/Müller cell intermediary activation. NTF induce disinhibition of axon growth through regulated intramembranous proteolysis of p75 $^{NTR}$ , and the inactivation of RhoA and EGFR signalling. The concomitant release of metalloproteinases (MMP) and plasminogen activators from RGC axons, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases from optic nerve glia repress scarring and thereby reduce titres of scar-derived inhibitory ligands expressed in the wound. MMP also degrade myelin-derived inhibitory ligands along regenerating axon trajectories after regulated release from glia at the growing front of regenerating RGC axons. Optic nerve transection induces apoptosis of RGC which is blocked by anti-apoptotic regimes and thus, in combination with blockers of axon-growth inhibitory signalling and promoters of axon growth may be a therapeutic formula for promoting sustained axon regeneration. All these findings in the visual system are translatable to the CNS as a whole and thus strategies that successfully promote visual axon regeneration will be equally effective elsewhere in the CNS. Future developments likely to advance the field of regenerative research include a greater understanding of phylogenetic differences in the response of the CNS to injury, the role of NTF, cAMP, EGFR, glia/neuron interactions in disinhibiting and promoting axon growth, the control of neuron death, and effective drug delivery.
Axonal guidance molecules and the failure of axonal regeneration	in the adult mammalian spinal cord
Authors: Bolsover S. , Fabes J. , Anderson P.N.
Published: December 2024

A wide variety of molecules are involved as attractive or repulsive guidance cues in the developing nervous system. Some of these molecules are also expressed in the CNS of adult mammals where, following injury, they may repel regenerating axons, inhibit axonal regrowth, or control the behaviour of other cells important for the development of the meningeal and glial scars or the immune response to injury. Ephrins, semaphorins, Slits, Netrins, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and Wnts are among the most likely molecules to be involved in limiting axonal regeneration in the injured spinal cord. The receptors for these molecules are not universally expressed by neurons but there is evidence that ephrins and semaphorins limit regeneration of particular classes of axon into spinal cord lesion sites. It is likely that other repulsive guidance cues will also differentially affect the regeneration of specific tracts within the spinal cord. In addition to direct effects on axonal regeneration, many axonal guidance molecules have effects on glial, meningeal or immune system cells which also modulate the responses of CNS tissue to injury.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM DIREKTIF KEMENTERIAN AGAMA: UPAYA PREVENTIF KASUS PERNIKAHAN DINI DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Cholid Nurviyanti , Alfiya Wilda , Sari Nila Siska , Sumarna Lukman
Published: December 2024

Kasus Pernikahan Dini di lingkungan Sekolah Bangka Belitung terkini semakin terus meningkat terutama di kalangan pelajar. Hal ini dilatar belakangi oleh berbagai faktor, baik faktor ekonomi, budaya, bahkan Pendidikan. Untuk mencegah secara dini terkait kasus pernikahan tersebut, maka pemerintah perlu terlibat menangani kasus ini. Pemerintah melalui Kementerian Agama menawarkan solusi dengan menghadirkan program direktif kementerian agama dalam upaya preventif kasus pernikahan dini di lingkungan sekolah Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dengan informan sebanyak tujuh orang. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa implementasi program direktif Kementerian Agama dalam upaya preventif kasus pernikahan dini di lingkungan sekolah Bangka Belitung belum berjalan dengan optimal karena masih terdapat kendala dalam setiap variabelnya seperti; variable komunikasi dengan indikator kejelasan dan konsistensi, variable sumber daya dengan indikator kualifikasi dan sumber daya anggaran, dan variable disposisi dengan indikator pemberian insentif, serta variable struktur birokrasi yaitu dengan indikator Standard Operational Procedure.
Deviation Of Marriage Age Issues in Indonesia (Integration Review of Maqashid Sharia and Positive Law)
Authors: Nurul Aini Octavia  , Wardatun Nabilah  , Martia Lestari
Published: December 2024

This research will answer two research questions, first: what are the rules regarding marriage dispensation in Indonesia and secondly, how is the problem of "marriage age deviation" based on the principle of fulfilling the principle of the best interests of the child and the urgent reasons for requesting marriage dispensation in the Religious Courts in terms of positive law and Islamic law (maqashid syariah). This application is submitted in a child marriage which is a marriage carried out at the age of a child. A child is someone who is not yet 18 (eighteen) years old, including children who are still in the womb. This application is submitted by the applicant's parents (the bride and groom are under 19 years old). This study has not been discussed in terms of marriage age deviation. With qualitative research methods and data collection from the literature, the study shows that the existence of rules for implementing marriage age deviations causes the marriage dispensation option to give rise to new problems that have not been clearly and explicitly regulated in marriage regulations or child protection laws in Indonesia. From the perspective of maqashid sharia, this problem is not in accordance with maqashid khamsah, especially hifz al-nafs and hifz al-nasl.
Evolution of Perceived Vulnerability to Infection in Japan During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ayumi Ikeda , Sasaki Kyoshiro , Yamada Yuki
Published: December 2024

The global pandemic triggered by the emergence of the highly contagious disease known as COVID-19 has brought about substantial shifts in the everyday lives of individuals across the globe. The present study aimed to elucidate the evolution of perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) before, during, and after the pandemic by comparing PVD levels in Japan from 2018 to 2023. We analyzed longitudinal changes in perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) using data collected in Japan across five time points (2018, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023). Data from 2018, 2020, and 2021 were obtained from publicly available datasets, while we collected data from 2022 and 2023 for this study. The results showed that although PVD (consisting of perceived infectability and germ aversion) increased significantly in the early stages of the pandemic in 2020, it decreased each year thereafter. By 2023, perceived infectability had declined to a level lower than in 2018, while germ aversion, although lower than in 2020, remained higher than pre-pandemic levels. This finding indicates a tendency to underestimate one's resistance to infection during the pandemic, while after the crisis abated, individuals tend to assess their resistance to infection more positively. In contrast, germ aversion continued to show a lasting effect, remaining elevated even three years after the peak. These results suggest that the pandemic may have introduced a dual effect: in addition to heightening sensitivity to infection prevention, it may have cultivated a sense of “overconfidence” regarding infection resistance. This overconfidence potentially contributes to a more relaxed attitude toward infectious disease risks, as individuals perceive themselves as resilient after enduring an unprecedented public health crisis.
When the Mind Falters: Managing CEO Cognitive Decline in Leadership
Authors: Karaszewski Robert
Published: December 2024

Cognitive decline in CEOs presents a complex challenge, affecting strategic decision-making, organizational culture, and overall corporate performance. This study explores the multifaceted implications of age-related cognitive impairment in executive leaders, drawing insights from management, psychology, and gerontology. Through a structured literature review, the study examines the organizational and ethical challenges of addressing cognitive decline, including its impact on employee morale, shareholder confidence, and corporate governance. Practical strategies for early detection, intervention, and succession planning are discussed, with an emphasis on ethical leadership transitions, maintaining organizational resilience, and protecting stakeholder interests. The findings highlight the critical importance of proactive measures, such as executive health assessments, structured succession frameworks, and board-level training, to mitigate risks and uphold leadership effectiveness in the face of cognitive challenges.
Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Dam Reservoirs: the Case of Tuzluca Dam
Authors: Akgün Çağrı , Nas Salim Serkan
Published: December 2024

It is a known fact that large dam projects built to serve important purposes such as electricity generation, irrigation drinking water supply, and flood control cause greenhouse gases emissions due to the areas they flood. In this study, the greenhouse gases emission impacts of the Tuzluca Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) project, planned to be constructed in the Iğdır province of Turkey, were evaluated. Analyses conducted using the G-res tool, developed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the International Hydropower Association (IHA), estimated that the Tuzluca Dam and HPP project will emit 2,228 tCO2e of greenhouse gases annually once the dam begins to hold water. In accordance with the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is predicted that when emissions occurring before the dam and during its construction are included, the net greenhouse gases emissions of the project will be -902 gCO2e per square meter annually. The results obtained from this study were found to be consistent with similar studies in the literature.
Ensuring Data Privacy in Teen and Children Mental Health Analytics: The Role of Differential Privacy in Data Engineering
Authors: Saurabh Kumar
Published: December 2024

This article examines the critical intersection of youth mental health data analytics and privacy preservation technologies, focusing on differential privacy implementations. The article explores the growing mental health crisis among adolescent populations and the subsequent need for data-driven interventions while maintaining stringent privacy protections. It analyzes the effectiveness of differential privacy frameworks in protecting sensitive mental health information while enabling valuable research insights across educational and healthcare settings. The article comprehensively evaluates privacy-preserving mechanisms, including privacy budget management, noise addition techniques, and implementation challenges across various institutional contexts. An examination of real-world applications in school-based mental health programs and healthcare platforms it demonstrates how privacy-enhanced analytics can support effective mental health interventions while maintaining individual privacy and regulatory compliance.
Healthcare Data Migration: A Technical Framework for Digital Transformation Success
Authors: Suhas Lakum
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive article analysis explores the critical aspects of healthcare data migration within the context of digital transformation. The article examines the challenges, technologies, and implementation frameworks that healthcare organizations face during migration initiatives. It addresses the complexities of managing diverse medical data types, regulatory compliance requirements, and technical infrastructure needs while maintaining continuous patient care operations. The article investigates enterprise solutions, including VMware vMotion and Dell EMC PowerPath, alongside cloud-native approaches for optimizing migration processes. Through extensive case studies and real-world applications, the article demonstrates the significance of structured planning, quality assurance protocols, and resource allocation in successful migration projects. Furthermore, it evaluates the financial implications and return on investment of migration initiatives while considering future technological trends and strategic recommendations for healthcare organizations undertaking digital transformation journeys. The findings emphasize the importance of a balanced approach between technological advancement and maintaining healthcare service quality throughout the migration process.
Impact of AI on Enterprise Cloud-Based Integrations and Automation
Authors: Mahaboob Subhani Shaik
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence has transformed enterprise cloud-based integrations and automation, revolutionizing how businesses manage data, workflows, and applications across distributed environments. This comprehensive article explores the impact of AI on enterprise systems, examining key areas, including intelligent data integration, automated workflow optimization, and enhanced security measures. The article delves into technical implementation considerations, discussing infrastructure requirements and integration architectures while highlighting the substantial business benefits in operational efficiency, cost optimization, and strategic advantages. Additionally, it addresses the critical challenges organizations face in technical and organizational dimensions when implementing AI solutions, providing insights into successful adoption strategies and future considerations for enterprise AI integration.
Extensão da distribuição de Chiroderma doriae doriae (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) para um enclave de floresta na Caatinga
Authors: Santos-Cavalcante Nadia , Fernandes-Ferreira Hugo , Garbino Guilherme
Published: December 2024

A subespécie Chiroderma doriae doriae é conhecida da Mata Atlântica do Brasil e Paraguai e de áreas de Cerrado e Pantanal no Brasil central. Nesta nota, apresentamos um registro de C. d. doriae de Guaramiranga, estado do Ceará, em um brejo de altitude na Caatinga. Este é o primeiro registro da subespécie para um enclave de floresta úmida na Caatinga e para o estado do Ceará, representando uma extensão de cerca de 490 km a noroeste dos registros anteriores. Discutimos brevemente sobre a relevância biogeográfica desta observação.
Anthelmintic Activity Test of Young Areca Nut (Arecha catechu L.) Extract Against Fasciola sp. Worm Eggs in Goat Feces In Vivo
Authors: Siregar Alzahra wulandari , Nurzainah Ginting  , Ade Trisna
Published: December 2024

Worm infections in livestock can have a huge risk impact such as decrease in growth, body weight, meat quality and death. This study aims to determine the anthelmintic activity of young areca nut extract (Areca catechu L.) against Fasciola sp. worm eggs in goat feces in vivo and to determine at what concentration the young areca nut extract (Areca catechu L.) is effective in providing anthelmintic effects against worm eggs. The study used an experimental method with a paired t-test of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given were P0 (negative control), P1 (10% areca nut extract), P2 (20% areca nut extract), P3 (30% areca nut extract) and P4 (positive control using kalbazen worm medicine). Parameters were reduction in the number of dead worm eggs, lethal concentration,  effectiveness of areca nut extract against worm eggs. The results of the study showed that there were Fasciola sp. worm eggs in all tested goats. Treatment with young areca nut extract (Arecha catechu L.) can significantly reduce the number of Fasciola sp. eggs (P <0.05), with an LC50 result of 26.75%. The best Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) result in the administration of areca nut extract with a concentration of 30% (P3) of 56.75% was the same as that given treatment using kalbazen worm medicine and the lowest FECRT result in the administration of areca nut extract with a concentration of 20% (P2) of 29%.
INNOVATIVE BUSINESS MODELS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES BASED ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Shostak Liudmyla , Pavlova Olena ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Nazarenko Leonid ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: December 2024

The modern business environment is undergoing significant changes due to the rapid development of digital technologies. Digital transformation has become an integral part of enterprise strategies, particularly in managing logistics activities. Logistics, as a key function in ensuring the efficiency of business processes, faces new challenges and opportunities arising from the implementation of innovative business models. In this context, innovative business models play an important role in helping enterprises adapt to changing market conditions, enhancing their flexibility and competitiveness. They enable the optimization of logistics processes, improve resource management, and ensure a high level of customer service. The article examines innovative business models in the management of logistics activities that emerge in the context of digital transformation. It analyzes the impact of digital technologies on logistics processes, including automation, data usage and analytics, the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). The benefits of new business models, such as increased efficiency, improved customer service, and adaptability to changing market conditions, are identified. Recommendations for implementing innovative approaches in logistics strategies are proposed. The research aims to uncover the advantages and challenges associated with the implementation of innovative approaches in logistics and to offer practical recommendations for enterprises seeking to modernize their logistics systems. The authors pay considerable attention to analyzing the innovative business models arising from the digital transformation of logistics activities. They explore the opportunities provided by new technologies for optimizing management processes in logistics. The study investigates new approaches to organizing logistics processes, such as resource-sharing platforms, subscription-based models, and the sharing economy. The authors also examine the benefits of implementing innovative business models, particularly in terms of cost reduction, increased customer service speed, and overall productivity improvement. Based on the findings, recommendations are proposed for enterprises to adopt innovative approaches in their logistics strategies to maintain competitiveness in the new environment.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE CONCEPT
Authors:   Hryhorii Skovoroda University in Pereiaslav, Kovtun Oksana
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the research stems from the fact that, amidst the globalized economic processes and high external turbulence, with intensified pressures from international and domestic market competition, domestic enterprises face an urgent need to refine development management concepts. These concepts must ensure a comprehensive and strategic orientation in their operations within the new economic environment. The aim of the article is to develop a concept for the sustainable development of enterprises in the modern economic environment. Research methods include logical analysis and generalization. The article refines the definition of the concept of sustainable enterprise development, which is proposed as a strategic approach to enterprise operations that ensures stability and growth in a globalized setting. This concept integrates production and sales, information and communication, economic, and socially beneficial activities. This interpretation of the sustainable enterprise development concept allows for a more detailed view, not only within the economic, environmental, and social dimensions commonly identified by researchers but also by incorporating communication and information components, which are essential in the context of an evolving information economy. A structural-logical framework for the sustainable enterprise development concept is proposed, which includes: the conceptual idea (goals and objectives), a support system (resources and capacities that form the potential, along with infrastructure and tools), and an implementation system (methodology, mechanism, strategy). The advantages of implementing the sustainable development concept in domestic enterprises' practices are specified. Refining the essence and main elements of the sustainable enterprise development concept highlights the need for improved management and business systems, whose details will be the focus of future scientific research.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE MILITARY ECONOMY
Authors:   National Aerospace University named after M.E. Zhukovsky “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”, Fursova Viktoriya , Tesnikov Oleksandr ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Bondar Nataliia ,   National Aerospace University named after M.E. Zhukovsky “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”
Published: December 2024

In the conditions of an increase in the number of military conflicts in the world and the strengthening of threats regarding the emergence of new ones, the role of the military economy is growing, which significantly affects national security, economic development, social stability and international relations between states. The purpose of the article is the analysis and systematization of scientific approaches that determine the essence of the definition "military economy" and further clarification of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the theory "military economy". Method or methodology of the work. The methodological basis of the study were the works of foreign and domestic researchers, who reveal the conceptual and categorical apparatus of "military economy". The method of content analysis, system method, method of comparative analysis of scientists' works were used in the study. Results of the study. In accordance with the stated purpose, the article analyzes and systematizes scientific knowledge regarding the essence of the concept of "military economy" and substantiates the position of the authors in this area. The result of the study was the generalization of theoretical developments regarding the essence of the concept of "military economy", the clarification of this category, as well as the selection of characteristic features of the military economy and the principles of its functioning. Scope of practical application of the results. The scientific results that were obtained have significant practical value and can be used by state organizations when developing strategies for the protection and development of the state in wartime conditions. Conclusions. The conducted research allows us to draw conclusions that the military economy radically changes the process of functioning of the national economy, as it adapts to the needs of war and is based on the principles of resource mobilization and their effective use, strict state control and planning in conditions of armed conflict or the threat of war.
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF TAX MECHANISMS FOR STIMULATING INNOVATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ON ATTRACTING INVESTORS
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Klymenko Maksym , Dolzhenko Inna ,   National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Nehoda Yuliia ,   National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

This article examines the role of tax mechanisms in stimulating innovation within the agricultural sector and their impact on attracting investors. Tax incentives, such as reduced rates for research and development (R&D) and depreciation allowances, are critical for encouraging investment in innovative practices. Results indicate that favorable tax policies enhance the financial viability of innovative projects and significantly increase investor confidence. By aligning tax incentives with innovation initiatives, agricultural enterprises can create a more appealing investment climate, promoting the adoption of advanced technologies and sustainable practices while strengthening competitiveness in a dynamic market. Leveraging tax mechanisms effectively enables agricultural businesses to attract domestic and foreign investors, ensuring long-term viability and resilience amid evolving challenges.
ЗАКОНОДАВЧІ ТА ДОКТРИНАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОРИСТУВАЦЬКОГО КОНТЕНТУ
Authors: Козир О. О.
Published: December 2024

Анотація. У статті проаналізовано визначення поняття користувацького контенту, закріпленого в Законі України «Про рекламу» та користувацького відео відповідно до Закону України «Про медіа». Визначено ознаки користувацького контенту відповідно до законодавства та доктринальних підходів. Зазначено, що користувацький контент в сучасних умовах є важливим джерелом інформації та отримав широке використання не лише на рівні користувачів, а й засобів масової інформації, суб’єктів господарювання, рекламної індустрії. Встановлено, що відповідно до законодавства творцем користувацького контенту визнається особа, що не підкреслює особливість правового статусу його авторів. У визначенні користувацького відео, закріпленого в Законі України «Про медіа» творцем визнається користувач, що підкреслює відмінність такого інформативного продукту від матеріалів, створених фахівцями (зокрема офіційними медіа). У свою чергу виходячи з визначення користувача, закріпленого у зазначено законі, ще однією важливою ознакою використання медіа-сервісів користувачем, є відсутність комерційної мети та використання для господарської діяльності. Користувацький контент отримав широке використання в різних сферах, серед яких: використання засобами масової інформації; використання суб’єктами господарювання для просування власної продукції за рахунок залучення відомих блогерів до проведення огляду продукції, її аналізу та характеристики; рекламна сфера, зокрема розміщення товару (продакт-плейсмент) у користувацькому відео. Виділено такі ознаки користувацького контенту: створюється користувачами; це інформація, в тому числі яка може бути виражена у формі користувацького відео; створюється та/або поширюється на платформах спільного доступу до відео, до інформації або з використанням електронних комунікацій; може мати творчий характер; відкритий для різного кола користувачів інформаційних продуктів.
ДІЇ, ПОВ’ЯЗАНІ З НАСИЛЬНИЦЬКОЮ ПЕРЕДАЧЕЮ ДІТЕЙ, ЩО СТАНОВЛЯТЬ МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ЗЛОЧИН ГЕНОЦИДУ
Authors: Саух А. С.
Published: December 2024

Анотація. Дана наукова стаття присвячена дослідженню дій, пов’язаних з насильницькою передачею дітей, які, як виявилося, можуть кваліфікуватися як міжнародний злочин-геноцид. В умовах збройних конфліктів і гуманітарних криз насильницька передача дітей стає одним із механізмів знищення або ослаблення етнічних, расових та релігійних груп, які ставлять під загрозу не лише права дітей. Міжнародний збройний конфлікт в Україні супроводжується скоєнням на території нашої держави численних, в тому числі, таких як незаконна депортація або насильницьке переміщення дітей, які, відповідно до Римського статуту класифікуються як геноцид та не мають строків давності. На сьогодні, існує проблема кваліфікації депортації дітей в її міжнародно-правовому вимірі з урахуванням приписів Римського статуту. У статті аналізуються міжнародно-правові норми, що регулюють захист прав дітей та питання геноциду, розглядаються соціальні, політичні та економічні фактори, що сприяють цим діям. Особлива увага приділяється впливу насильницької передачі дітей на міжнародні відносини, включаючи участь міжнародних організацій та правозахисних структур у вирішенні цієї проблеми. Завдяки комплексному підходу, стаття прагне підвищити усвідомленість про цю гостру проблему та сприяти розробці ефективних стратегій захисту дітей в умовах збройних конфліктів. З огляду на міжнародне право та ухвалені конвенції, такі як Конвенція ООН про права дитини та Конвенція про запобігання злочину геноциду, необхідно чітко розуміти коло дій, які сприяють виникненню цієї проблеми, а також провести правову оцінку таких актів. Важливо також підкреслити, що міжнародна спільнота зобов’язана реагувати на ці злочини, забезпечуючи відповідальність осіб, які їх здійснюють.
Innovation of Sago Into Dry Cakes (DA, DAK)
Authors: Miranda Miranda , Ima Ima , Insani Nurul Aulia , Maghfirah Rabiah , Kasmiati Kasmiati , Mulia Nurcahya Indah , Sinta Sinta , Rajiman Widyawanti , Sapar Sapar
Published: December 2024

Before rice became widely known in its current form, sago was the staple food of Indonesian people. Sago is eaten in the form of papeda, a type of porridge, or other preparations. Sago is unique as a source of carbohydrates because it is produced in wetlands, a natural habitat for straw. This condition has benefits for the environment but is less economical and more difficult to distribute. Sago is popular among many people in Kitakagiri, and many foods are made from it. Dhadak is a typical food from the Masamba area in Kitakagiri district. Not many people know about this food. However, not many people know about Dhadak, a food made from sago and coconut. Dhadak is a typical Masamba regional dish and is one of the traditional dishes. This product is rarely available on the market and almost non-existent. Apart from being used as food and a complementary ingredient, sago has been proven to provide significant benefits to the ecological chain. Like the sago area, this area is a breeding ground for various types of living creatures, including wild boars, snakes, beetles and birds. Apart from that, from a health perspective, sago is one of the best plants that is able to convert the sun's photosynthetic energy through its leaves and channel it to nature. This means that being around trees can help people avoid lung disease and asthma.
Good Sleep Strategies to Prevent Hypertension in Teenagers
Authors: Susanti Novi , Damayanti Evi , Zakwan M. Hadin , Octavia Rizka
Published: December 2024

In the context of preventing hypertension in adolescents, good sleep strategies such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, creating a comfortable sleeping environment, and reducing the use of electronic devices before bed also need to be considered. Lack of quality sleep can interfere with nervous system function and increase blood pressure, so it's important for teens to prioritize getting enough sleep. This study aims to outline the importance of good sleep as a hypertension prevention strategy in adolescents. By understanding the relationship between sleep and hypertension and implementing effective sleep strategies. The research method used in writing this article is a literature study, which is a systematic approach to review, analyze, and synthesize various sources of information relevant to the research topic, namely good sleep strategies to prevent hypertension in adolescents. The results of the study show that adequate and quality sleep plays an important role in preventing hypertension in adolescents. Effective sleep strategies, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule and creating a comfortable sleeping environment, can help lower the risk of high blood pressure in adolescents. Therefore, awareness of the importance of good sleep should be increased as an integral part of adolescent health programs.
EXPERT REVIEW EVALUATION OF ACE ENGLISH: A GAMIFIED MOBILE APPLICATION FOR ENGLISH LEARNING
Authors: Abdul Salam Sobihatun Nur , Abdul Rahman Muhammad Asyraf , Mat Isa Nur Izzah Atirah
Published: December 2024

Gamification involves the use of game design elements and mechanics in non-game contexts, proved to increase user engagement and enhance their learning experience. It has emerged as an effective approach to promote engagement and motivation in various fields including education. Recently, the english language examination format for Sijil Peperiksaan Malaysia (SPM) and Pentaksiran Tingkatan Tiga (PT3) that examined on four skills which includes speaking, listening, reading and writing is considered tougher than previous format and it gives a significant impact and challenges towards the english language learning approach. The traditional teaching method has been adapted and aligned with Common European Framework Reference (CEFR).  However, the effectiveness of formal teaching approach is arguable. The main aim of this study is to develop an Ace English, a prototype of a gamified English learning mobile application (app) using ADDIE model.  An expert review also has been conducted as an evaluation method in evaluating the mobile app. The evaluation was conducted with five experts to evaluate the Ace English in essential dimension which are content, design and function. Findings has shown that all the experts have positive experience on all the three dimensions. Suggestion for improvement and amendments have been made for the definitive better version of Ace English.
FORMULATING DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR AN IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY ENVIRONMENT IN MUSLIM FUNERAL MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Yahaya Nur Sauri , Abdul Salam Sobihatun Nur
Published: December 2024

In Malaysia, Islamic funeral rites hold deep cultural and religious significance. Upon a person's passing, specific rituals rooted in Islamic traditions are observed. However, despite the importance of these practices, many students especially teenagers in Malaysia lack of knowledge and understanding about Islamic funeral management and practices. A preliminary study conducted among 27 teenagers aged 21 to 25 from Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) revealed significant gaps in understanding key aspects such as Taharah (ritual washing), Solat Jenazah (funeral prayer), and Kafan (shrouding). This lack of knowledge could have implications for the preservation and practice of Islamic traditions within younger generations. With the rapid integration of digital technologies, there is need to find alternative way, and this refer to the utilization of Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) Technology in addressing this problem. To bridge this gap, the study proposes formulating design guidelines for an IVR environment focused on Islamic funeral management education in Malaysia. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) by promoting quality education through digital innovation. The objectives include identifying core components for the IVR environment, developing comprehensive design guidelines, and validating these guidelines through expert review. The study employs the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), encompassing stages such as awareness, suggestion, development, evaluation, and conclusion. The significance lies in exploring innovative, interactive approaches for teaching Islamic funeral practices, offering an immersive learning experience that enhances student engagement, comprehension, and retention. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of IVR applications that support effective, technology-based education in alignment with the MADANI Economy vision.
PADANAN PINTAR: TOWARDS A GAME-BASED APPROACH FOR REGULATING SENSORY AND EMOTIONAL OVERLOAD IN CHILDREN WITH ASD
Authors: Saidin Aeni , Mohd Salmi Nur Asyiqin Marini , Shukri Alya Najwa
Published: December 2024

This research aimed to develop an interactive game application to help children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) manage sensory and emotional overload, which often leads to behavioural issues like tantrums. The game was designed by gaining a deeper understanding of ASD through interviews and observations. Key game requirements were identified to create an optimal experience for this specific audience. The result was the development of Padanan Pintar, a mobile application aimed at reducing sensory overload while promoting emotional regulation in children with ASD. Additionally, the game has the potential to improve cognitive skills by maintaining control over emotional and behavioural responses. User testing with autistic children showed positive engagement, emotional reactions, and behavioural outcomes. These results suggest that the game effectively provides a calming effect, minimizes sensory overload, and encourages relaxation.
Analisis Dialek Kelantan dan Simbol Budaya Masyarakat Dalam Telefilem Ikan Singgang Cicah Budu
Authors: Che Ab Adziz Aselawati
Published: December 2024

Dialek merupakan Bahasa daerah atau setempat yang digunakan di seluruh negara. Setiap negeri mempunya dialek yang tersendiri. Walaupun Masyarakat di Malaysia mempunyai kepelbagaian etnik dan terdiri daripada satu rumpun, namun adakala dielek yang digunakan tidak mampu difahami oleh semua golongan Masyarakat di negara ini. Justeru, makalah ini meneliti simbologi budaya terhadap bunyi nasal dialek Kelantan menerusi telefilem “Ikan Singgang Cicah Budu”. Ia memfokuskan penelitian terhadap perubahan bunyi nasal dalam dialek Kelantan dalam perubahan bunyi nasal [n] kepada [ƞ]. Kemudian ia juga turut meneliti perubahan pada bunyi nasal [n], [m], [ƞ] kepada bunyi vokal e taling [ě]. Sementara itu, ia juga melihat  perbandingan sebutan perkataan yang mengandungi konsonan nasal dalam dialek Kelantan dengan sebutan perkataan dalam Bahasa Melayu moden. Justeru, pendekatan simbologi dan juga analisis tekstual terhadap telefilem “Ikan Singgang Cicah Budu” mengikut babak-babak yang terpilih. Ia dianalisis menerusi minit ke minit dalam setiap babak yang menggunakan dialek Kelantan yang menggunakan bunyi nasal tersebut. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat 7 perubahan bunyi nasal [ n ] kepada [ ƞ ], dan 32 perubahan bunyi nasal [n], [m], [ƞ]  kepada bunyi vokal e taling [ě]. Perubahan yang berlaku ini menunjukkan perbezaan kosa kata dalam dialek Kelantan dengan Bahasa Melayu Moden. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa kosa kata asal Bahasa Melayu Moden yang diubah oleh masyarakat Kelantan hanya boleh difahami dalam kalangan mereka. Secara keseluruhannya, pengkaji mendapati bahawa dialek Kelantan ini memainkan peranan penting dalam variasi Bahasa Melayu. Malah, ia menunjukkan kepelbagaian bahasa yang diukur menggunakan dialek iaitu isoglos dan menunjukkan keunikan Bahasa Melayu di Malaysia.
SAFEGUARDING INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN CHINA: POLICY EVOLUTION AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Zaibon Syamsul Bahrin
Published: December 2024

Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage is a comprehensive systematic project, with governmental policy regulation and guidance constituting essential components. China has been exploring policies for safeguarding ICH for over a century. However, true legislative protection began in the late 1990s, drawing on international practices and summarizing continuous exploration since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republican Government. This paper reviews China's policy frameworks for ICH protection, providing insights for achieving similar goals under varying national contexts while also highlighting several challenges in the implementation of these policies.
 
Keywords: Opinions on Further Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Policy.
Shorebirds are shrinking and shape-shifting: declining body size and lengthening bills in the past half-century
Authors: McQueen Alexandra , Klaassen Marcel , Tattersall Glenn , Ryding Sara , Atkinson Robyn , Jessop Roz , Hassell Chris , Christie Maureen , Fröhlich Arkadiusz , Symonds Matthew
Published: December 2024

Animals are predicted to shrink and shape-shift as the climate warms; declining in size, while their appendages lengthen. Determining which types of species are undergoing these morphological changes, and why, is critical to understanding species responses to global change, including potential adaptation to climate warming. We examine body size and bill length changes in 25 shorebird species using extensive field data (>200,000 observations) collected over 46 years (1975-2021) by community scientists. We show widespread body size declines over time, and after short-term exposure to warmer summers. Meanwhile, shorebird bills are lengthening over time but shorten after hot summers. Shrinking and shape-shifting patterns are consistent across ecologically diverse shorebirds from tropical and temperate Australia, are more pronounced in smaller species, and vary according to migration behaviour. These widespread morphological changes could be explained by multiple drivers, including adaptive and maladaptive responses to nutritional stress, or by thermal adaptation to climate warming.