bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Code Switching and Code Mixing by The Government of Bali
Authors: Sugiantari Ni Putu Ayu Yuni
Published: April 2020

Abstract—This study examines code-switching and code mixing realized in the interactional activities undertaken by govermental leaders in the Denpasar City of Bali Province, Indonesia. Typically I reveal the language types used by bilingual and multingual governments during code swithing and code mixing events as well as investigating their leading factors. The study was designed using qualitative research method. The results of this study indicate that code mixing dan code-switching undertaken by the leaders in the governmental area of Denpasar city involves 3 types of language, namely Balinese, Indonesian, and English. An element of code mixing filler occurring during interactional process of the leaders is tangible words and phrases. Leading factors to such phenomena of code mixing and code-switching are: language ability, speech topics, speech participants, speech situations, prestige; and creating regional or religious nuances.
Keywords: Code mixing; code switching; governmental leader
American Studies Abroad
Authors: Åkerman Sune
Published: April 2020

-
The Quantificatoin Movement in American Political History
Authors: Bogue Allan G.
Published: April 2020

-
Theses in American Studies for Norwegian University Degrees 1908-69
Authors: Høgmo Aa
Published: April 2020

-
The New World and the Old
Authors: Runeby Nils
Published: April 2020

-
Three Early Historians of the American Revolution
Authors: Kalinowska Fryderyka
Published: April 2020

-
Bigger Thomas
Authors: Ogden Daniel
Published: April 2020

-
T.S. Eliot's Use of Tarot Cards in The Waste Land
Authors: Lokrants Jessie
Published: April 2020

-
Swedish Enterprises in Latin America 1900-1940
Authors: Runblom Harald
Published: April 2020

-
The Kungälv Conference
Authors: Åkerman Sune
Published: April 2020

-
USA and the Third World
Authors: Svendsen Knud Erik
Published: April 2020

-
The Inadequate Vehicle: Dreiser's Financier 1912-1945
Authors: Øverland Orm
Published: April 2020

-
The Antithetic Pattern of Theodore Dreiser's Art
Authors: Lundén Rolf
Published: April 2020

-
Kungälv '71: A Retrospect
Authors: Kielland-Lund E.
Published: April 2020

-
The European Association for American Studies
Authors: American Studies ASIS
Published: April 2020

-
Icelandic Books, recently published in the field of American Culture
Authors: Studies American
Published: April 2020

-
European Association for American Studies - A Gentlemen's Club or a Scholar's Organization?
Authors: Åkerman Sune
Published: April 2020

-
Mass Emigration from Denmark to the United States 1868-1914
Authors: Hvidt Kristian
Published: April 2020

-
The Larsson Brothers - A study of the activity of Swedish emigrant agencies during the 1880's
Authors: Brattne Berit
Published: April 2020

-
Norwegian books recently published in the field of American culture
Authors: Studies American
Published: April 2020

-
Contents
Authors: Studies American
Published: April 2020

-
Danish books recently published in the field of American culture
Authors: Studies American
Published: April 2020

-
AZ91 Mg Alaşımı Üzerine Sol-Jel Yöntemi ile Yapılan Ta2O5 Kaplamalarda Daldırma Sayısının Kaplamaların Morfolojisine Etkisi
Authors: GÜL Canser , ALBAYRAK Sevda , ÇİNİCİ Hanifi
Published: April 2020

Yapılan çalışma, sol-jel yöntemi kullanılarak üretilen Ta2O5 kaplı AZ91 Magnezyum (Mg) alaşımlarının karakterizasyonuna yöneliktir. Mg alaşımları hafiflikleri ve insan kemiğinin mekanik özelliklerine yakın mekanik özellikleri nedeni ile ortopedik uygulamalarda kullanım açısından ciddi bir potansiyele sahiptir. Fakat korozyon dayanımları vücut içinde uzun süreli kullanımlar için yetersiz kalmaktadır. Tantal (Ta) ise yüzeyinde oluşan oksit tabakası sayesinde korozyon dayanımı çok yüksek olan ve vücut için toksik etki yaratmayan bir elementtir. Yapılan çalışmada toz metalurji yöntemi ile üretilen AZ91 Mg alaşımları üzerine sol-jel yöntemi ile farklı daldırma sayılarında Ta2O5 kaplanması ve daldırma sayılarındaki bu değişimin kaplamaların morfolojisine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Numuneler farklı daldırma sayılarında kaplandıktan sonra morfolojilerindeki değişim elektron mikroskobu (SEM-EDS) ve X-ışını kırınımı (XRD) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda sol-jel yönteminde karşılaşılan çatlaklı yapılarda, adacıklar arası mesafelerin kısaldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Artan daldırma sayısı ile ortalama 1, 3 ve 7 µm kalınlıklarda kaplama tabakasına sahip numuneler üretilmiş ve yüzeyde daha homojen bir kaplama yapısı oluşumu sağlanmıştır.
Optimization and Finite Element Modelling of Tool Wear in Milling of Inconel 625 Superalloy
Authors: AKGÜN Mahir , DEMİR Halil
Published: April 2020

This study focuses on optimization of cutting conditions and numerical analysis of flank wear in milling of Inconel 625 superalloy using PVD AlTiN and CVD TiCN/Al2O3/TiN-coated carbide inserts. The milling experiments have been performed in CNC vertical machining centre according to Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. Finite element modelling of tool wear was performed using Deform 3D software. Analysis of variance was utilized to define the influences of the milling conditions on Vb. The results showed that the feed rate (with 41.5% contribution rate) is the most important parameter affecting Vb. The linear and quadratic regression analyses were used to estimate the results of the test. The regression analysis results showed that the estimated Vb values achieved by the quadratic regression model were more effective compared to the linear regression model. Statistical results revealed that the Taguchi method was successful to define optimum cutting parameters in the milling of Inconel 625.
The Origins of Hospitality and Tourism
Authors: O'Gorman Kevin D
Published: April 2020

The Origins of Hospitality and Tourism is an exciting new text about the true origins of the hospitality and tourism industry, identifying how an understanding of the past can inform modern approaches to hospitality and tourism management. It includes: A detailed and factual account of the origins of the underlying principles and practices of hospitality and tourism; Provides a unique insight into the evolution of hospitality and the roles of 'guest' and 'host' as we recognise them today; Focusses on the social, economic and geographical influences from Classical Antiquity to the Renaissance; Serves as an introductory text for Hospitality and Tourism Studies, as well as providing a sound foundation for postgraduate studies. Divided into 10 chapters, ideal for semester teaching, The Origins of Hospitality and Tourism provides a structured approach and supporting information for those wanting to develop their knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon of hospitality. It covers the study of, and the development of understanding of, the origins of hospitality traditions within the domestic, civic and commercial contexts of hospitality, and develops this into the presentation of a new Dynamic Model of Hospitality.
PERBEDAAN PERSENTASE PEMBERIAN RANSUM ANTARA SIANG DAN MALAM TERHADAP PERFORMA AYAM JANTAN TIPE MEDIUM DI KANDANG POSTAL
Authors: Nova Khaira , Riyanti Riyanti , Septinova Dian , Santosa Purnama Edy
Published: April 2020

The objective of this experiment  was to determine the effects of different percentage of ration between day and night to male chicken medium type performance;  the best level of percentage of ration that given between the day and night in chicken coop. A total of one hundred and forty four day-old male chicks medium type were divided into 3 treatments and 6 replications, each treatment consist of 8 male chickens. The treatments were ration that given 30% during the day and 70% the night; ration that given 50% during the day and 50% the night; ration that given 70% during the day and 30% the night. This research was conducted from August through October 2018 in Integrated Laboratory Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung.  Data were subjected to analysis variance. Significant was considered at 5% level of probability. The results showed, percentage ration between day and night signicant influence feed consumption (P <0.05), but not significant effect to body weight and feed conversion ratio. The percentage of ration given 30% during  day and 70%  night is the best treatment influence feed conversion ratio (2,41) with feed consumption 1.738.03 g/bird  and body weight 718,58 g/bird. Keywords : Male chickens, Ration percentage, Chicken coop
SURVEI SEROLOGIS TOXOPLASMOSIS PADA TERNAK SAPI DI KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU MENGGUNAKAN METODE TOXOPLASMA MODIFIED AGGLUTINATION TEST (To-MAT)
Authors: B. Galang , R. Emantis , P. Gina Dania , S. Endah
Published: April 2020

The cattle population in Lampung Province has a relatively high number when compared to several other provinces. Pringsewu is one of the districts in Lampung Province having the supplier potential of beef in Lampung. The higher the population and production, could cause a potential infection of toxoplasmosis to livestock and human. So far the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Pringsewu District. This study was conducted to determine the level of toxoplasmosis infection in cattle in Pringsewu district. This study used the To-MAT (Toxoplasma Modified Agglutination Test) method to test Toxoplasma gondii infection in blood of cows samples. The result of the study found that at a chronic level there were 23/24 cows positively infected with T.gondii. Whereas in acute level there are 8/24 cows positively infected with T. gondii. In general, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis is 95.8%. Keywords : Toxoplasmosis, Cow, To-MAT (Toxoplasma Modified Agglutination Test) method, Infection
EVALUASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN USAHA PEMBIBITAN SAPI BALI TERINTEGRASI DENGAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Setiawan Bagus Dimas , Arfa’i Arfa’i , Nur Yuliaty Shafan
Published: April 2020

The research objective was to evaluate: 1) Implementation of integration of Bali cattle and oil palm plantations; 2) Obstacles faced in implementing the integration of Bali cattle with oil palm plantations. The study was conducted in Pasaman Barat District, which received assistance of fund from Directorate General of Animal Husbandry in 2012 in the project of integration of beef cattle with oil palm plantation. The method used were survey method, direct observation and using questionnaire. Respondents involved were members of farmer-group who carried out the integration of Bali cattle and palm oil plantation program as many as 56 people from four groups. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and comparing the results obtained with the objectives of the integration program itself. The results showed that the effort to integrate Bali cattle with oil palm plantation business was not optimal. The feedstuff given to cattle were superior grass and field grass originating from oil palm plantations. However, oil palm fronds and leaves have not been utilized, and palm oil industry waste in the form of palm mud, fiber palm oil, and palm kernel meal have not been used optimally as well. Utilization of cattle feces as fertilizer for oil palm plants has been used in several groups, but still in the form of untreated fertilizers. The obstacles faced in implementing this integration system are such as the lack of knowledge of farmers about integration, and the mastery of livestock waste processing technology and waste from oil palm plantations is still low, so that the application of integration has not been optimally carried out. Keywords: Bali Cattle, Integration, Oil Palm Plantation, Pasaman Barat District, Survey Method.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LEVEL VITAMIN E-SELENIUM DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP FERTILITAS DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR HASIL PERSILANGAN AYAM SENTUL DENGAN AYAM RAS PETELUR
Authors: Haryuni Nining , Lidyawati Anna , Khopsoh Binti
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research was to obtain a dose of vitamin E-selenium addition in feed on the quality of hatched eggs resulting from crossing Sentul chicken with laying hens. This research used 200 hatching eggs produced from the 34-week-old Isa Brown strain of laying hens which were treated and inseminated using Sentul chicken males. The experimental method used in this research was a completely randomized design CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications with each replication consisting of 8 hatching eggs. The treatments feed in this research were as follows: P0 = Basal Feed, P1 = Basal Feed + 21.75 ppm vitamin E and 0.23 ppm selenium, P2 = Basal Feed + 43.5 ppm vitamin E and 0.46 ppm selenium, P3 = Basal Feed + 65.25 ppm vitamin E and 0.69 ppm selenium, P4 = Basal Feed + 87 ppm vitamin E and 0.92 ppm selenium. The results of this research were that the addition of vitamin E-selenium levels in feed had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the weight of hatching eggs, fertility, embryo mortality and hatchability.  Keywords: Vitamin E-Selenium Level, Feed, Hatching Eggs, Sentul Chicken ,Laying Hens
PENGGUNAAN KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus), Indigofera sp. DAN CAMPURANNYA DALAM RANSUM SEBAGAI PENGGANTI KONSENTRAT TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS DOMBA GARUT JANTAN
Authors: Nurjannah Syifa , Ayuningsih Budi , Hernaman Iman , Susilawati Iin
Published: April 2020

This research aimed to determine the productivity of livestock. Feed availability in the dry season is one of the causes low productivity of livestock. Calliandra calothyrsus (C. calothyrsus) and Indigofera sp. are leguminosae plant that resistant to drought and could produce high productivity. Both can be used as a sustainable animal feed and reduce production costs. The animal used was weaned male sheep. The method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with six treatments (P0 : 70% Grass + 30% Concentrate, P1 : 70% P. Grass + 15% Concentrate + 15% C. calothyrsus, P2 : 70% Grass + 15% Concentrate + 15% Indigofera sp., P3 : 70% Grass + 30% C. calothyrsus, P4 : 70% Grass + 30% Indigofera sp., P5 : 70% Grass + 15% C. calothyrsus + 15% Indigofera sp.) and four replication. The observed variables were dry matter consumption, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion. The results showed that the used of 15% C. calothyrsus and 15% Indigofera sp. was more efficient. The highest value of dry matter consumption (P<0,05) and average daily gain (P>0,05) obtained P5 treatment, respectively 508,80 g/day and 45,36 g/day, while the lowest value of feed conversion (P>0,05) obtained P0 (11,69) which was not significantly different with P5 (11,75). Keywords: Calliandra calothyrsus, Indigofera sp., weaned male sheep, the productivity of livestock
SURVEI SEROLOGIS TOXOPLASMOSIS PADA TERNAK KAMBING (Capra sp.) DENGAN METODE TOXOPLASMA MODIFIED AGLUTINATION TEST (To-MAT) DI DESA PURWOSARI, KECAMATAN METRO UTARA, KOTA METRO
Authors: S. Adryan Filly , R. Emantis , P. Gina Dania , S. Endah
Published: April 2020

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by parasitic protozoa, Toxoplasma gondii. Transmission of toxoplasmosis can occur through direct infection, ie when humans eat meat from infected animals and are eaten half-cooked. Goats are one of the most half-cooked animals such as satay. In the city of Bandarlampung the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in goats circulating in the community reached 60%. This study aims to determine the prevalence and level of toxoplasmosis infection in goat livestock in Purwosari Village, Metro Utara. This research was conducted from November to December 2018. This type of research was descriptive using serological with the To-MAT (Toxoplasma Modified Aglutination Test) method. The result of the study found that in Purwosari, Metro Utara the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in goats circulating in the community reached 96,67%. Keywords: Capra sp., To-MAT Method, Toxoplasmosis
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS USAHA TERNAK BROILER PADA SKALA YANG BERBEDA DI KECAMATAN SUKOWONO KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Riduwan Achmad , Prasetyo Anang Febri
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat profitabilitas usaha ternak broiler di Kecamatan Sukowono Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuisioner pada 28 peternak di Kecamatan Sukowono Kabupaten Jember. Sampel dibedakan menjadi dua skala berdasarkan populasi ternak yaitu  skala 1 dengan populasi  < 5.000 ayam dan skala 2 dengan populasi ≥ 5.000 ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada skala 1 dan skala 2 mengalami kerugian pada dua periode awal, yaitu pada skala 1 sebesar 11,00% dan -6,53%, sedangkan pada skala 2 sebesar -6,72% dan -4,53%. Peternak mendapatkan keuntungan pada periode ketiga yaitu, skala 1 sebesar 16,89% dan skala 2 sebesar 12,53%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pasca pembatasan penggunaan antibiotik pada pakan menyebabkan peternak mengalami kerugian selama 2 periode. Kata Kunci: Broiler, Pendapatan, Peternak, Profitabilitas, Skala.
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN SPASIAL MIKROKLIMATIK AMONIA PADA ZONA PENEMPATAN DAN PANJANG KANDANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERFORMA AYAM BROILER PERIODE STARTER
Authors: Jannah Liza Meidzul , Sarjana Teysar Adi , Suprijatna Edjeng
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak perubahan spasial mikroklimatik amonia pada zona penempatan dan panjang kandang berbeda terhadap perfoma ayam broiler periode starter. Materi penelitian 2 unit closed house ukuran 60 x 12 m2 berkapasitas 11.000 ekor dan ukuran 120 x 12 m2 berkapasitas 22.000 ekor, 600 ekor DOC ayam broiler strain Cobb dalam rancangan perlakuan  split plot acak kelompok dengan 2 mainplot, yaitu panjang kandang 60 m dan kandang 120 m dan 4 subplot, yaitu zona penempatan ayam terdiri dari Zona 1 (sejajar inlet), Zona  2 (¼ panjang kandang), Zona 3 (½ panjang kandang) dan Zona 4 (¾ panjang kandang). Parameter yang diamati yaitu bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, indeks perfoma, Income Over Feed Cost  (IOFC), makroklimat dan mikroklimatik pada setiap unit zona penempatan ayam dan panjang kandang sebagai gambaran kondisi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi antara zona penempatan ayam dan panjang kandang terhadap performa ayam broiler. Zona penempatan ayam yang lebih jauh dari inlet dan kandang yang lebih panjang menunjukkan hasil signifikan (P<0.05) menurunkan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, indeks perfoma, dan IOFC, serta sebaliknya, meningkatkan konversi pakan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah peningkatan spasial mikroklimatik amonia pada zona penempatan ayam yang lebih jauh dari inlet dan kandang yang lebih panjang menurunkan perfoma ayam broiler periode starter. Kata kunci: Spasial mikroklimatik amonia, Zona penempatan, Panjang kandang, Perfoma, Ayam broiler
KAJIAN IN VITRO RANSUM SAPI POTONG YANG MENGANDUNG BUNGKIL TENGKAWANG TERHADAP FERMENTABILITAS DAN KECERNAAN
Authors: Muslimah Aulia Putri , Istiwati Ririn , Budiman Atun , Ayuningsih Budi , Hernaman Iman
Published: April 2020

Bungkil Tengkawang merupakan limbah pengolahan biji Tengkawang menjadi minyak yang memiliki potensi sebagai pakan ruminansia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan bungkil Tengkawang dalam ransum sapi potong secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Ransum terdiri atas 5 perlakuan penggunaan bungkil Tengkawang dalam ransum sapi potong, yaitu 0% (R1), 9,75% (R2), 19,64% (R3), 30,09% (R4), dan 40,08% (R5). Masing masing perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bungkil Tengkawang dalam ransum meningkatkan konsentrasi asam lemak terbang, N-NH3, kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik (P<0,05). Konsentrasi dan kecernaan tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan R5 dengan nilai asam lemak terbang, N-NH3, kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik berturut-turut 135,57 mM, 6,16 mM, 65,30%, dan 71,15%. Kesimpulan penggunaan bungkil Tengkawang dalam ransum sapi potong tidak mengganggu fermentabilitas dan kecernaan secara in vitro. Penggunaannya sampai 40,08% menghasilkan fermentabilitas dan kecernaan tertinggi.  Kata kunci: Bungkil Tengkawang, Fermentabilitas, In vitro, Kecernaan, Sapi potong
PENGARUH METODE PENGOLAHAN DAN WAKTU PEMERAMAN TERHADAP KUALITAS NUTRISI PELEPAH SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK KERBAU RAWA (Buffelus asiaticus)
Authors: Laksono Judo , Ibrahim Wasir
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas nutrisi (pH, kadar air, bahan kering, protein kasar dan serat kasar) pelepah sawit sebagai bahan pakan ternak Kerbau Rawa (Buffelus asiaticus). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial (3x3). Faktor pertama terdiri dari metode pengolahan amoniasi (P1), silase (P2), dan fermentasi (P3). Faktor  kedua waktu pemeraman yang terdiri dari 18 hari (W1), 21 hari (W2), dan 24 hari (W3). Total unit percobaan sebanyak 27 unit. Hasil penelitian yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (Analysis of Variance/ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi antara metode pengolahan dan waktu pemeraman terhadap kualitas nutrisi pelepah sawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pengolahan dan lama waktu pemeraman pelepah sawit sebagai pakan ternak Kerbau Rawa (Buffelus asiaticus) sangat berpengaruh nyata (P<0,01) pada pH, kadar air, dan bahan kering dan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) pada protein kasar dan serat kasar. Metode pengolahan pelepah sawit secara fermentasi memberikan hasil terbaik pada penurunan pH, peningkatan kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar serta waktu pemeraman selama 24 hari memberikan hasil terbaik pada penurunan kadar air dan peningkatan bahan kering yang menunjukkan tingginya pertumbuhan mikroorganisme pengurai dalam proses pengolahan pelepah sawit untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi pelepah sawit sebagai bahan pakan ternak Kerbau Rawa (Buffelus asiaticus). Kata Kunci: Amoniasi, Fermentasi, Pelepah sawit, Silase, Waktu pemeraman.
SELEKSI INDUK KAMBING SABURAI BERDASARKAN NILAI MOST PROBABLE PRODUCING ABILITY BOBOT LAHIR DAN BOBOT SAPIH
Authors: Pratama Arif Gian , Dakhlan Akhmad , Sulastri Sulastri , Hamdani Muhammad Dima Iqbal
Published: April 2020

Estimasi nilai Most Probable Producing Ability (MPPA) induk kambing Saburai berdasarkan kinerja keturunannya sangat penting dalam pemilihan induk kambing. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memilih kinerja induk kambing Saburai terbaik berdasarkan nilai MPPA menggunakan kinerja berat lahir (BL) dan berat sapih (BS) anak kambing di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD) Pusat Pembibitan Kambing, Kecamatan Gedongtataan, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei yang dilakukan pada April-Juni 2019. Dua puluh lima induk kambing Saburai menghasilkan 34 anak pada paritas pertama dan 33 anak pada paritas kedua digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data BL dan BS disesuaikan terhadap jenis kelamin jantan, tipe jenis kelahiran tunggal, dan umur induk. Nilai ripitabilitas diestimasi menggunakan metode korelasi antar kelas dan digunakan untuk menghitung nilai MPPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata BL anak kambing pada paritas pertama dan kedua, masing-masing adalah 3,09 ± 0,42 kg dan 3,28 ± 0,54 kg, sedangkan rata-rata BS pada paritas pertama dan kedua, masing-masing adalah 17,20 ± 1,69 kg dan 17,36 ± 2,24 kg. Nilai ripitabilitas yang didapat untuk BL dan BS, masing-masing adalah 0,49±0,08 dan 0,55 ±0,06. Rata-rata nilai MPPA untuk BL dan BS, masing-masing adalah 3,19 ± 0,27 kg dan 17,28 ± 1,23 kg. Enam induk kambing Saburai (B2, B1, C1, A3, D3, dan C8) memiliki nilai MPPA BL dan BS lebih tinggi dari rata-rata nilai MPPA populasi. Keenam induk ini sebaiknya dipertahankan dalam populasi untuk meningkatkan mutu genetik kambing Saburai. Kata kunci: Berat lahir, Berat sapih, Induk Kambing Saburai, Nilai MPPA, Ripitabilitas.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK KOMERSIL TERHADAP BOBOT TELUR, PERSENTASE ALBUMIN DAN KUNING TELUR AYAM HASIL PERSILANGAN (GRADING UP)
Authors: Sutrisna Rudy , Mayangsari Putri , Riyanti Riyanti , Nova Khaira
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mempelajari pengaruh probiotik komersial yang berbeda terhadap berat telur, persentase albumin dan persentase kuning telur ayam petelur persilangan antara pejantan Lohman dan betina ayam kampung, (2) menentukan probiotik komersial yang dapat memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada berat telur, persentase albumin dan persentase kuning telur ayam petelur persilangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Januari-Februari 2019, pemeliharaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dan pengumpulan data dilakukan di Laboratorium Produksi dan Reproduksi Ternak Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 7 ulangan berupa suplementasi pada air minum (P0: tanpa probiotik, P1: suplementasi probiotik A, P2: suplementasi probiotik B, P3: suplementasi probiotik C). Penelitian ini menggunakan 28 butir telur dari 28 ekor ayam kampung persilangan umur 64 minggu dan masing-masing unit perlakuan menggunakan satu butir telur.  Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi probiotik komersial yang berbeda tidak memiliki efek signifikan (P>0,05) pada berat telur, persentase albumen, dan persentase kuning telur. Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa suplementasi probiotik komersil melalui air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot telur, persentase albumin dan persentase yolk telur ayam hasil persilangan (grading up) namun pemberian probiotik B menghasilkan bobot telur dan persentase yolk telur ayam hasil persilangan (grading up) lebih besar dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Kata kunci: Albumin, Ayam Persilangan, Bobot Telur, Kuning Telur, Probiotik komersial.
HISTOMORFOLOGI DAN DISTRIBUSI KARBOHIDRAT NETRAL PADA ESOFAGUS DAN PROVENTRIKULUS AYAM HUTAN MERAH (Gallus gallus) ASAL PULAU TIMOR
Authors: Selan Yulfia N. , Amalo Filphin A. , Maha Inggrid T. , Deta Herlina U. , Teme Aplonia B. Y.
Published: April 2020

Ayam hutan merah merupakan salah satu satwa endemik di Pulau Timor yang telah mengalami penurunan populasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur histologi dan distribusi karbohidrat netral pada esofagus dan proventrikulus ayam hutan merah (Gallus gallus). Bahan utama penelitian ini berupa potongan tiga sampel jaringan esofagus dan proventrikulus. Ayam dimatikan dengan dislokasi servikal untuk mengambil organ esofagus dan proventrikulus yang difiksasi dalam formalin 10%. Struktur histomorfologi organ diidentifikasi dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin (HE) dan distribusi karbohidrat netral dengan pewarnaan Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur histomorfologi esofagus terdiri empat lapisan yaitu tunika mukosa, tunika submukosa, tunika muskularis, dan tunika adventisia. Struktur histomorfologi pada proventrikulus terdiri empat lapisan, yaitu tunika mukosa, tunika submukosa, tunika muskularis, dan tunika serosa. Distribusi karbohidrat netral pada kelenjar esofagus menunjukkan reaksi positif kuat sedangkan lamina epitel serta jaringan ikat longgar di lamina propria dengan reaksi positif lemah, dan pada proventrikulus terlihat reaksi positif kuat pada sel-sel yang melapisi epitel dan rongga kelenjar tubular sederhana. Kata kunci: Ayam Hutan Merah, Esofagus, Proventrikulus, Karbohidrat netral.
The Theme of Alienation in the Selected Novels of Ernest Hemingway
Authors: Rani Dr. K. Usha
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Ernest Miller Hemingway is acknowledged as the most significant writer of the 20th century American literature. No other American writer has ever equaled the popular success and worldwide reputation off Ernest Hemingway. His prose style is universally recognized as one of the innovative of 20th century literature. Hemingway writes of what he knows of his own experience. His writings are honest, direct and clear. The aim of the present study is to make a comprehensive analysis of alienation in the selected novels of Ernest Hemingway. The causes of alienation are enumerated by extracting the influencing factors like anxiety, despair, loneliness etc. The consequences of alienation are studied. This study will focus on the four of Hemingway works: The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, and The Old Man and the Sea. These fictions will be examined with two purposes in mind: first, to view the alienation and its consequences of the characters and second, to observe the mental status of Hemingway.
Freudian Psychoanalysis of the Character of Graham Hendrick in Julian Barnes’ Before She Met Me
Authors: Gurjar Bhoomi M.
Published: April 2020

This research paper tries to analyze Graham Hendrick’s personality who suffers from serious delusional jealousy in Julian Barnes’s Before She Met ME. The areas which are covered in this study are: the character type of Graham Hendrick, the situations and circumstances, which he faces and the psychological problems that arise in him because of the clash between his personality and situations. In this paper, the researcher has analyzed the character of Graham by applying Freudian psychoanalytic theories.
Chekhov’s Death of a Clerk: A Critical Appreciation
Authors: Roy Dr. Hareshwar
Published: April 2020

The present paper proposes to undertake a deep study of the Death of a Clerk.  This beautiful short story has been written by Anton Chekhov, a prominent story teller of Russia. This story has been translated into English from Russian by Ivy Litvinov. This translation of Ivy Litvinov has been made the basis of the present study. The period of 1880-1885 is a very important period in the career of Anton Chekhov. During this period, he wrote hundreds of humorous tales. They show a keen sense of the social scene and of the incongruities of life. These tales reveal a deep feeling for human injustice and suffering. In these stories Anton Chekhov attempted to see things as they were and to deal with them as he saw them. According to him a reasoned life without a clear-cut point of view is not a life, but a burden and a horror. This was a strange idea for that day but it played a significant role in his works. Chekhov’s Death of a Clerk is one of them. It beautifully presents the picture of the life of a society based on tyranny and servility.
Role of Community in Mitigating Dehumanizing Effects of Racism in Toni Morrison’s Works
Authors: Goyal Dr Shikha
Published: April 2020

Discrimination is the prejudicial treatment of an individual or a group based on their actual or perceived membership in a certain group or category in the society. It can be either direct or indirect and may be in various forms and patterns depending upon the cultural background and milieu of a particular country or region. Discrimination has multiple ramifications related to exclusion from economic entitlements, basic services and opportunities on one hand and humiliation, subordination, exploitation and denial of citizenship rights on the other. During colonization, the indigenous cultures of those countries were often sidelined, suppressed and openly denigrated in favour of elevating the social and cultural preferences and conventions of the colonizers. Toni Morrison tries to explore various cultural aspects, processes of marginalization as well as decolonization and asserts that the richness and validity of indigenous cultures in an effort to restore pride in practices and traditions that were systematically degraded under colonialism. The present paper aims to explore various approaches adopted by the characters in her fiction to cope up with the discrimination inflicted upon them particularly the positive role of community.
Political and Familial Repercussions of Naxalism in Lahiri’s The Lowland
Authors: Ishan Manish Kumar
Published: April 2020

This research article, Political and Familial Repercussions of Naxalism in Lahiri’s The Lowland seeks to examine Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Lowland as a saga of two Bengali brothers; Subhash and Udayan Mitra, who belong to a middle-class family in the light of Naxalite movement. The narrative of The Lowland purports to depict how the tenderest of ties are torn asunder and the absence of loved ones haunts the subconscious mind of the affected characters in the novel. At the same time, Lahiri questions the politics of nationality with both pathetic desperation and revolutionary zeal. It examines the impact of Naxalite movement on socio-political life of the time, which later turns into a complete fiasco. It shows how Lahiri’s depiction evokes our feeling of familial responsibilities and we become dejected by devastating stories of passion and indifference. Above all, it tries to analyze Lahiri’s sense of history which is not as insightful as her grasp of human heart that are palpable in her other works.
Postcolonial Human Identity in Mahesh Dattani’s Select Plays
Authors: Jeyalakshmi G.
Published: April 2020

Mahesh Dattani is rightly regarded by the international Herald Tribune as one of the best and the most serious playwrights writing in English, His plays expose the violence of private thoughts and the hypocricy of public morality, Dattani wants to get rid of all kinds of evils in the society which spoil the degnifid life. All the atrocities in the name of religion, class, race, or gender can be eradicated if a person is able to understand the power of the human nature. It is not intelligent to be submissive to the cruelties of the oppressor and demising human dignity. This paper analyses a few plays of Dattani to prove that Dattani is against both the atrocities of the dominating and the submissiveness of the dominated in order to attain a dignified life with self -identity.
The Shadow Lines: Interrogating the Great Divide
Authors: Singh Dr. Pralayankar Kumar
Published: April 2020

The article The Shadow Lines: Interrogating the Great Divide questions the concept of border and Partition- a solution to the problems of social unrest on religious grounds or political motivation. During the British Raj feeling of suspicion and hatred were planted in the heart and mind of millions of Indian people. The gulf of communal disharmony widened with time and this resulted in the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947. The ulterior motives of British Empire, the Congress Party and the Muslim League caused the partition of India. The then political leaders failed to resolve their difference over power-sharing. The ever widening gulf between the Hindus and the Muslims on communal issues was said to be the main cause of partition, though both the communities had a long history of peaceful co-existence for more than a thousand years. The Partition divided friends, families, lovers and neighbours. It led to the disintegration of human values, rootlessness and alienation
A Psychoanalytical Study of ‘Klaus Mikaelson' in the Trilogy The Originals
Authors: Khan Khushi
Published: April 2020

Klaus Mikaelson is a character who always leaves you spellbound. He is actually one of his kind. A hybrid and an original vampire. Moreover, vampires have always been a source of attraction to readers interested in gothic literature. The purpose of this study is to psychoanalytically elucidate the character Klaus Mikaleson in the Trilogy The Originals by Julie Plec. Using psychoanalysis theory, this study analyzed the character more closely and provided us with an even clearer picture of his personality. Klaus Mikaelson’s personality changes based on the situation and exposure to varied characters. His personality shifts from a heartless, highly conniving, and cruel character to one who feels remorse and guilt.
Making and Breaking of Mythos in Kanthapura by Raja Rao
Authors: Yadav Chesta
Published: April 2020

Raj Rao is one of the best Indian writer in English. He is one of the foremost writer whose works is placed in Indo-English literature. Kanthapura earned him international acclaim. The novel portrays the period of the India during 19919 to 19913. Kanthapura and its action represent whole India during that era. The novel is perfect combination of myth, legends and folk tales. This paper attempts to show different myths prevailing in our society and how Raja Rao accepted some myth but on the same time how Raj Rao was standing against some myths of society
Decoding the Thematic Imagery in Charlotte Perkins Gilman's “The Yellow Wallpaper” and Katherine Mansfield’s “Bliss”
Authors: Angurala Nidhi
Published: April 2020

This paper deploys the methodology of textual analysis to re-read and undertake an exegesis of the short story “The Yellow Wallpaper” written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and “Bliss” penned by modernist writer Katherine Mansfield. The exploration of the symbols and imagery that abound in the texts reveal and underscore the thematic framework of the short stories. While the colour, animal and food imagery add richness to the story of Bertha Mason in “Bliss”, the multifarious symbols are symptomatic of the protagonist’s mental make-up and the descent into madness of her creative propensity in “The Yellow Wallpaper”.
Desire as The Harbinger of Good and Evil in Matthew Lewis’s ‘The Monk’
Authors: Mukherjee Dr. Aradhana
Published: April 2020

Desire is a feeling which gives different shades and hues to a human being’s personality. It transforms him either as good or bad depending upon how much can a person cope up with his or her feelings. Mathew Lewis’s Gothic novel or rather a  thriller ‘The Monk’ is a blend of desire  with the narrative structure which has been appreciated by both the readers and the critic regarding the skilful handling of the theme by the author. This has been seconded by Theodore, the personal servant of the protagonist, Raymond in the following lines: “Authorship  is a mania to conquer which no reasons are sufficiently strong; and you might as easily persuade me not to love, as I persuade you not to write.” [Lewis  204.]
Bankim’s Use of Familiar Patriarchal Tropes/Frameworks in Rajmohan’s Wife to Define and Re-Define Womanhood
Authors: Adhikary Debabrata
Published: April 2020

The present paper aims to look at the concept of womanhood as defined and revised upon by Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay, in his debut novel, and, incidentally, the first Indian novel, written in English language, known as Rajmohan’s Wife. Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay is the great Indian novelist, and, poet, who has given a new dimension to the genre of Bengali novel. In this present novel, he has tried to show the Bengali woman trying to come out of the conservative, conventional patriarchal ethos, and, slowly trying to make a room/space of her own. And, this, by not abandoning/rejecting patriarchy outrightly, but by staying very much within the patriarchal zone, and, yet asserting her individuality/personality.
The Delineation of Human Relationship in Shashi Deshpande’s ‘A Matter of Time’
Authors: Sarkar Shilpa
Published: April 2020

Human relationships are enormously complex in nature. God created human and on the other hand human created complexity. Due to different thought process and mentality conflict and problems arise and how to manage those problems can have an impact on the relationship. This complexities of human relationship is beautifully dealt by Shashi Deshpande in her novel ‘A Matter of Time’. In most of her novels, she deals with problems related to married life. This paper focuses the complexities of human relationship in Shashi Deshpande’s novel A Matter of Time. In the novel, Deshpande beautifully portrayed the traumas, difficulties and sufferings faced by women in the Indian society.
Exploring the Facts and Fantasies in Neal Town Stephenson’s ‘The Diamond Age: Or a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer’
Authors: P Jushaini.
Published: April 2020

Literature enables people to think out of the box and connect with new ideas. At the same time, it takes us back and helps us know more about the life led by our ancestors. As a great foundation of life, literature fosters the overall development of the people and the society through inspiring stories, motivating tales and futuristic writings. We live in a world of technological advancements and Science Fiction stories are the profound ways to introduce extrapolation and speculation in literature. Built on a strong foundation of realistic concepts, sci-fi stories develop a futuristic world of limitless possibilities. Sci-fi stories take us to an exciting world where one witness unimaginable applications of science and technologies.

Neal Town Stephenson is an American writer well-known for writing science fiction, cyberpunk and postcyberpunk stories. He belongs to a prestigious family of scientists and engineers. His father was a biochemistry professor and his paternal grandfather, a physics professor. After completing his studies from Boston University, he started working as an advisor for Blue Origin, a company specialized in developing spacecraft and space launch systems. Currently, he is serving as the chief futurist for Magic Leap. He also cofounded Subutai Corporation, a company dedicated to developing interactive fiction projects.

The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer is a postcyberpunk novel by Neal Town Stephenson. The novel’s protagonist is named Nell, who is a thete, meaning a person who is not a member of any of the phyles. The entire plot is set in a future nanotech world where three forms of tribes or phyles exist, known as the Han, the Neo-Victorian New Atlantis, and the Nippon. The Diamond Age details some of the applications of nanotechnology such as chevaline, smart paper, etc. This journal is an analysis of extrapolation and speculation used in the sci-fi novel, The Diamond Age, written with an aim to explore different facts and fantasies created by the author.
The Question of Humanism: A Radical Humanist Reading of The Select Novels of Cormac McCarthy
Authors: Dash Sakti Sekhar
Published: April 2020

Cormac McCarthy has often been hailed as a writer’s writer. His writings are difficult to classify as they evoke a complex perspective. A recurring problem in his novels is the ambiguous nature of virtue and violence. It is my aim to look into their dynamics in the context of radical humanism. It will shed light on human nature as presented by McCarthy, with its aspects of virtue and violence. In a world increasingly suffering from violence, where individuals strive for freedom it is important to address the question of radical humanism and its interaction with primal human nature, virtue and violence. A common thread is represented by various questions regarding human nature, free will, pure evil, nature of God, level of morality, language and meaning. The characters have little or no capacity of mind or consciousness and their encounter with the world is not mediated by laws of morality, politics or religion. In other words, the world we are facing “is void of moral meaning”, it is a world that gravitates around a nihilistic core, a “morally nihilistic world.”
A Sociolinguistic Study of the Use of Indian Sign Language
Authors: Anand Nisha
Published: April 2020

This paper discusses the “Language Use” pattern of ISL by the deaf community. This paper aims to understand the vitality of sign language within the community and to foresee whether ISL is likely to be maintained in coming future. As proposed by Boehm (1997:67), “The choices people make in regard to language use reflect trend towards either language maintenance and language shift. To some extent, this reveals the vitality of the language. Fase et al. (1992:6) says that, “It has been commonly found that when the mother tongue of the minority language remains dominant in communication within the ethnic group, it can be said that mother tongue has been maintained.” This survey also deals with the major issue faced by the deaf community in this speech dominant society, which is huge “communication gap” with the majority speaking people of our society.
Feminization or Homoeroticism: The Double Standard of Male Body
Authors: Adhikari Sharmila
Published: April 2020

The representation of human body in popular culture has always been a matter of controversy. This controversy applied and still applies in women's body, particularly in commercials. The feminist critics accuse that women are objectified in the popular culture. The feminist movement of 1960’s did not only raise the issues of female rights upon their own body; however, it brought change in the meaning of men's body as well. The meaning of men's body came in equal manner in-line with female body in social landscape. The objectification of male body in popular culture remains crucial. The male's body has become a matter of gaze, which is not only a female gaze but voyeuristic gaze of males themselves. The sexually overloaded images of males in fashion magazines, newspapers, commercials have changed the way we see the males' body as brave, strong, and tough. The male's body, however, has been feminized as an erotic body along with masculine adjectives in Paco Rabanne's perfume commercials.
Mastering of Fancy Meeting Reality: A Critical Exploration of Magical Realism with Reference to “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button” Directed by David Fincher
Authors: PS Anju , Figaredo Andrea
Published: April 2020

Apart from other art forms, cinema has an unquestionable potential to install new concepts and believes among the society. It has spread around the world, crossed the barriers of languages and communities and has traversed into the depths of social arena. The tool which caused an impact in the ethos, throughout the history is nothing but the new notions portrayed by the filmmakers. Cinema has overpowered the restrictions of the cultural borders and showed its power towards internationalism, which caught the mind of the viewers worldwide. The plot of a cinema often reminds us of things we perhaps already know, but may often forget, that is the beauty of storytelling. The world we see through a lens, is lot clearer than the real one, it takes people to other dimensions of perspective. This approach may be unfathomable to our sceptical minds, which always has an inclination towards disbelieves, but it is still worth the time to question our preconceived dogmas. Magical realism managed to touch the everyday life of the ordinary people through cinema, even though it appears in many fields of art and literature; there is not a single thing that is missing in Magical Realism. When a viewer look at an art work, if they could see beyond the picture of an inanimate object and grasp the depth of the concept which is hidden, through a unique vantage point, then that is the moment you appreciate Magical Realism.
A Study on 'English Language Teaching' (ELT) in Telugu Speaking States
Authors: Ranganath Dr. V. N. Ch. , Vijana K.
Published: April 2020

The importance of the English language in the educational field is clear from the fact that many countries have made English an official language. Consequently, English language teaching (ELT) has become one of the significant growth industries around the world in recent years. The English language teaching tradition has been subject to tremendous change, especially throughout the twentieth century. Perhaps more than any other discipline, this tradition has been practised in various adaptations in language classrooms all around the world for centuries. While the teaching of Maths or Physics, that is, the methodology of teaching Maths or Physics, has, to a greater or lesser extent, remained the same, this is hardly the case with English or language teaching in general. As will become evident in this short paper, there are some milestones in the development of this tradition, which we will briefly touch upon, in an attempt to reveal the importance of research in the selection and implementation of the optimal methods and techniques for language teaching and learning.
Evolution of Women in Manju Kapur’s ‘Home’
Authors: Bai B. Lalitha
Published: April 2020

Manju Kapur’s women are the personification of ‘New Woman’ representing the new voice of new social order. Casting aside the burden of inhibition since ages, they now want to breathe the air freedom and assert a position of respectability. The present paper discusses how Kapur’s Home successfully presents the real picture of a woman in a male-dominated society. Here the protagonists are tossed in the struggle between tradition and modernity, conservationism and newness, and call of conscience and the demand of tradition. The tension between these notions of identity and the desire for personal fulfilment forms the thematic foundation of the novel.