bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crónicas de la comunidad: los periódicos judíos en Sudamérica
Authors: Münster Irene
Published: October 2023

El propósito de este artículo es servir de herramienta introductoria para aquellos estudiosos interesados en profundizar en la historia de los periódicos judíos publicados en América del Sur desde 1880, año en que apareció en la Argentina Vider Kol, el pionero del periodismo judío. Este artículo proporciona datos básicos sobre las publicaciones regionales. La existencia de estas primeras publicaciones periódicas —parte esencial de la historia judía sudamericana— ha sido parcialmente documentada en algunos unos pocos países; Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay, entre ellos. Sin embargo, por la falta de recursos para resguardarlas y, en algunos casos, por su vida efímera, varias han desaparecido y sólo conocemos de su existencia por haber sido captada por quienes documentaron los hechos históricos.

La aparición de una prensa judía se debió a las necesidades comunitarias de información sobre los acontecimientos y el devenir de sus respectivos grupos políticos y sus lugares de origen. Se publicaron periódicos judíos en español, portugués e idish. Otras también aparecieron en las principales lenguas que dominaban los judíos en sus países de origen, como ser: alemán, ruso, húngaro. En la primera mitad del siglo XX, florecieron periódicos y revistas en varios países de América del Sur. A medida que los descendientes de estos inmigrantes nacían y crecían en las nuevas tierras, el ídish fue sustituido en la mayoría de los casos por publicaciones en español o portugués.
Representaciones sociales sobre relación de pareja en hombres agresores y no agresores
Authors: Troncoso Gallardo Eduardo Mauricio Manuel , Alarcón Muñoz Ana María , Cortés Pastén Paulina
Published: October 2023

Estudio cualitativo que describe las representaciones sociales sobre las relaciones de pareja en dos grupos de hombres: unos involucrados en relaciones violentas y otros en relaciones no violentas. Se realizaron dos grupos focales, cada uno con cinco participantes. Se ejecutó un análisis cualitativo de contenido de las trascripciones del trabajo grupal y se identificaron los núcleos figurativos con sus respectivas categorías. Los resultados mostraron que, en el grupo de hombres agresores, la relación de pareja se asocia a una idea tradicional de familia, donde el hombre es jefe y proveedor, y la mujer, un complemento de la relación matrimonial. Este grupo cuestiona la igualdad de género, diversidad sexual, la existencia de una pareja ideal y se desresponsabiliza de su rol en la violencia aludiendo a que son provocados. En el grupo de hombres no agresores, existe una idea de pareja como una construcción basada en el amor; se acepta la diversidad sexual, de género y señalan la presencia de un cambio generacional necesario de asumir. Existen diversas concepciones de masculinidades, una se basa en la masculinidad como poder y la otra, en una masculinidad que equilibra roles de género y reconoce las diversidades.
Entre calamorros y tacones: formas de vestir e investir en la oficina salitrera María Elena
Authors: Guarello José
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se investiga la vestimenta en la oficina salitrera María Elena durante el ciclo extractivo Guggenheim, centrándose en el calzado utilizado por los residentes. Se examinó el contexto, uso y significado de los zapatos masculinos "calamorros" y femeninos con tacones, también se analizó los particulares contextos laborales, cotidianos, domingo y festividades. La investigación se basa en entrevistas, material fotográfico tomado en el lugar y extractos de literatura local que abordan la vida en la pampa salitrera. A través de estos elementos, se busca explorar preliminarmente cómo los zapatos pueden proporcionar información sobre la forma de vida de los obreros y las mujeres en una empresa minera del siglo XX que funcionaba como una comunidad planificada.
Affective polarization, support for democracy, and the mediating role of the winner-loser status. A comparative study
Authors: Segovia Carolina
Published: October 2023

Does affective polarization undermine support for and satis­faction with democracy? In this article, I argue that it does. However, this effect is mediated by the outcome of elections, which group people along the winner-loser divide. I argue that support for and satisfaction with democracy will remain high or increase among polarized publics as long as the outcome of the elections benefits their own party, but not when it benefits the opposing groups. I test these hypotheses using data for 31 elections in 28 countries from CSES project. Results show that affective polarization does not undermine support for democracy and that it increases satisfaction with democracy. Additionally, the results indicate that the relationship between affective polarization and support for democracy will be diffe­rent for winners and losers of the election.
Effect of Sleep Quality and Duration on Jitter, Shimmer, and Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio among Colombian University Professors
Authors: Rincón Pinilla María Paula , Carrillo-González Andrés , Cantor-Cutiva Lady Catherine
Published: October 2023

Professors who sleep 6 or fewer hours are more likely to report voice symptoms. However, only three studies have been published on this topic, basing their conclusions on self-reported surveys and displaying an overall weak methodological quality, which hinders the generalization of these results. This exploratory, correlational, and longitudinal study aimed to determine the association between sleep quality and duration and three acoustic parameters linked to voice harmonicity and quality (jitter, shimmer, and Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio [HNR]) among 24 Colombian university professors. Generalized linear models with gamma distribution were used to analyze this association. Our results indicate that the professors who reported good sleep quality had significantly lower HNR values compared with those who had a low sleep quality. Additionally, increased jitter (B= 0.10) and shimmer (B= 0.10), and decreased HNR (B= -0.05) values were found when the duration of sleep increased. In contrast, participants with good self-perceived sleep quality and a shorter sleep duration presented lower voice harmonicity compared to those with bad sleep quality and shorter sleep duration, which may be associated with the physiological and emotional effects of sleep on voice production. Considering the multifactorial nature of voice production and the exploratory nature of the present study, it is important to note that a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and duration and voice harmonicity does not necessarily imply that sleep directly causes voice disorders, but rather suggests that sleep is a variable to be considered when analyzing and treating individuals with voice issues. These findings provide insight into the complex interplay of variables that may contribute to voice disorders and highlight the importance of considering sleep as a potential contributing factor in the assessment and management of individuals with voice issues.
Celebrar elecciones para elegir a los representantes políticos es una costumbre internacional
Authors: Pascual Planchuelo Vìctor Carlos
Published: October 2023

El derecho al voto se ha convertido en un derecho de los ciudadanos que es ejercitado por la mayor parte de la población en los múltiples procesos electorales que tienen lugar periódicamente en el mundo. Celebrar elecciones para elegir representantes políticos se ha transformado, gracias a su extensión cuasi generalizada a todos los rincones del planeta, en una costumbre internacional y, por ende, en una norma obligatoria para todos los Estados que forman parte de la actual comunidad internacional. Se vota para elegir representantes tanto en elecciones plenamente democráticas, en elecciones que no se ajustan de forma adecuada a las normas electorales, elecciones no democráticas, elecciones que no son sino una farsa electoral, como incluso en las elecciones que se llevan a cabo en regímenes claramente autocráticos. Esto significa que celebrar elecciones para que los ciudadanos elijan a sus representantes políticos, votar, se ha convertido en un acto reiterado, constante y uniforme, y que además existe una generalizada convicción de que hay que poner urnas a los ciudadanos porque es una norma que obliga a los Estados. En consecuencia, no celebrar elecciones, no permitir que los ciudadanos voten para elegir a sus representantes, constituye una flagrante violación de esta norma internacional.
Responsabilidad de Proteger en Naciones Unidas
Authors: Ramos Borges Osnarci Rafael
Published: October 2023

Desde su formulación en 2001, la doctrina desarrollada por la Comisión Internacional sobre Intervención y Soberanía de los Estados (CIISE), refrenda un criterio universal que data de casi 100 años atrás y que, pese a sus grandes éxitos iniciales, un solo fracaso o, mejor dicho, la tergiversación de su nombre para la aplicación de una resolución del Consejo de Seguridad, frenó en los años posteriores el desarrollo progresivo de un principio que comenzaba a posicionarse en el Sistema de Naciones Unidas. Se destacan sus últimos avances sobre esta materia y, cómo, en caso de volver a ser aplicado operativamente, debiera ser mejorado para su protección en el uso. A su vez, se evalúa el eventual y difuso camino para que se constituya como una norma ius cogens de los Estados, pero, se destaca la importancia de lo que esto representaría. Por último, se analiza el por qué, hoy más que nunca, es necesaria su revitalización en el marco del Derecho Internacional Público y las nuevas amenazas globales a las cuales nos estamos enfrentando como comunidad internacional.
In memoriam Benjamin Ferencz
Authors: Infante Caffi María Teresa
Published: October 2023

El Departamento de Derecho Internacional dedica estas palabras al abogado e internacionalista Benjamin Ferencz, quien falleció en Florida, Estados Unidos, el pasado 7 de abril de 2023. Era el último fiscal del proceso conocido como el Einsatzgruppen Case llevado a cabo por el Tribunal Internacional Militar de Nuremberg (1945-1946), que permanecía vivo.
Mortalidad atribuible a enfermedades laborales en Chile, 2014
Authors: Pérez-Franco Juan
Published: October 2023

Introducción: La mortalidad por enfermedades ocupacionales es un elemento gravitante en el diseño de políticas públicas en el campo de la salud ocupacional. Dada la inexistencia de registros, el objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la mortalidad asociada a enfermedades ocupacionales en Chile.

Materiales y Métodos: Se obtuvo la estadística general de mortalidad en Chile en 2014 y se calculó la mortalidad asociada a enfermedades ocupacionales a través del método de la fracción atribuible, utilizando las estimaciones de riesgo con las que trabaja la Organización Internacional del Trabajo. Adicionalmente se calculó los Años Potenciales de Vida Perdidos (APVP).

Resultados: Se estimaron 4476 muertes por exposición ocupacional para el año 2014, siendo los tumores malignos la principal causa de muerte en los hombres (51.4%) y las enfermedades cardiovasculares para las mujeres (45.3%). Los hombres aportan más de tres veces que las mujeres en el indicador APVP. La tasa de mortalidad fue de 80 por 100 000 personas al año. En comparación, la tasa de mortalidad por accidentes fue de 4.5 por 100 000 personas.

Discusión: El impacto de las enfermedades sobre la mortalidad por causas ocupacionales es

sustancialmente mayor que el de los accidentes, pero se encuentra velado por la ausencia de registros de mortalidad por estas causas. Por otra parte, Chile muestra una alarmante pérdida social con alrededor de 32000 Años Potenciales de Vida perdidos. Estas cifras pueden sensibilizar al sector sobre lo que representan las enfermedades ocupacionales para los trabajadores y trabajadoras y para la sociedad en general.
Código sanitario y el rol de la fuerza de trabajo sanitaria: insumos para la modificación del Libro V
Authors: Silva-Jorquera Rolando
Published: October 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 incidió en la inclusión del personal sanitario al Libro V del Código Sanitario mediante un proyecto de ley que refunde cinco mociones parlamentarias. Sin perjuicio de esto, en el año 2018 se convocó a una mesa de trabajo para la actualización de este cuerpo legal, del cual se emite un informe técnico que es entregado al Ejecutivo para la elaboración de un Proyecto de Ley. Sin embargo, esto último no ocurrió. En la actualidad, existen cuatro insumos para actualizar este texto: el actual Libro V, la propuesta del informe técnico, la propuesta del Legislativo, y la propuesta del Ejecutivo mediante las indicaciones del proyecto de Ley del Legislativo. Se analizan estos textos en cuanto a su contenido general, definición de los roles profesionales, y las incompatibilidades en el ejercicio de la profesión. Es necesario incluir y definir el rol y la autonomía profesional soportado por una fuerza de trabajo planificada, de calidad, que aborde apropiadamente los conflictos de intereses, con periurbano un fortalecimiento del control ético, para así responder de manera efectiva y equitativa a las necesidades de la población.
Algunas problemáticas en la interpretación schopenhaueriana de la cosa en sí frente al idealismo trascendental de Kant
Authors: Reyes Urzúa Eliab
Published: October 2023

Este artículo se propone dilucidar algunos aciertos y errores respecto a la concepción de la cosa en sí schopenhaueriana, a través de un análisis desde su filosofía hacia algunas lecturas del idealismo trascendental de Kant. Con esto se espera sostener la hipótesis según la cual Schopenhauer parece interpretar la cosa en sí bajo un punto de vista idealista dogmático “pre-kantiano” o “a-crítico” equiparable a un realismo trascendental, lo que trae consecuencias importantes tanto para su afirmación de ser el único heredero del idealismo trascendental de Kant, así como para su metafísica de la voluntad de vivir y sistema ético pesimista.
Abstracts presentados en congresos internacionales 2015
Authors: Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile Revista
Published: October 2023

Por disposición del Comité Editorial de la Revista, solo se publicarán abstracts de congresos internacionales,

europeos y americanos.
Serie guías clínicas: Colestasia intrahepática del embarazo
Authors: Sepúlveda-Martínez Álvaro , Hasbun H. Jorge , Valdés R. Enrique , Salinas P. Hugo , Parra-Cordero Mauro
Published: October 2023

Objetivos de la guía clínica:

1. Conocer los criterios diagnósticos de la colestasia intrahepática del embarazo.

2. Proponer una nueva estrategia de vigilancia antenatal de predicción de muerte fetal.

3. Identificar el manejo farmacológico más adecuado según la evidencia actual.

4. Proponer una estrategia de manejo basado en parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio.

5. Establecer criterios de interrupción en pacientes con CIE.
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Development of a New Combined Medicine for Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Shapovalov Valerii , Piontkovskyi Valentyn , Huzovatyi Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

Musculoskeletal disorders represent a significant global health concern, affecting millions and straining healthcare systems. Addressing the complex nature of musculoskeletal disorders necessitates a multifaceted approach, one that integrates various scientific disciplines. This paper delves into the collaborative efforts employed in the development of a new combined medication tailored for musculoskeletal disorders. Bringing together expertise from pharmacology, biomedicine, physiotherapy, and bioinformatics, the research has forged a holistic pathway to medication synthesis. Key focus areas include the evaluation of molecular targets, ensuring optimal drug-drug interactions, and tailoring the therapeutic approach based on the individual patient's needs and the specific disorder's pathology. Furthermore, insights from physical therapy informed the drug development process, ensuring that the new medication aligns with rehabilitative approaches and promotes functional recovery. Advanced computational methods also played a pivotal role, enabling the prediction of drug efficacy, potential side effects, and patient response variability. Preliminary results suggest that this interdisciplinary strategy not only enhances the drug's therapeutic potential but also minimizes adverse reactions, paving the way for a more comprehensive and effective approach to managing musculoskeletal disorders. This research underscores the power of interdisciplinary collaboration on the relevance, necessity, and timeliness of the pharmaceutical development of a new combined medicine for musculoskeletal disorders based on known active pharmaceutical ingredients. The characteristics of active pharmaceutical ingredients (ketamine, analgin, diazepam) were studied in order to substantiate the composition based on a combination of evidence-selected active pharmaceutical ingredients. The composition, clinical and pharmacological properties, control regime, availability, areas of medical application, quality and safety profile were substantiated.
TÜRKİYE’DE “DEVLET MEMURU” VE İTALYA’DA “DİPENDENTİ PUBBLİCİ’NİN” DİSİPLİN YÖNETİMİ AÇISINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: KAYMAK Şahap , BİLGİN Kamil Ufuk
Published: October 2023

Kurum içi hiyerarşinin sağlanması ve etkin bir kamu personel yönetim sisteminin oluşturulması için iyi kurgulanmış bir disiplin yönetimine ihtiyaç vardır. Bunun için kamu personeline sağlanacak güvence mekanizmalarından disiplin yönetimi ilkelerine kadar geniş bir hukuksal yapının oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı, aynı coğrafyada bulunan ve ortak özellikleri olan Türkiye ile İtalya’daki disiplin yönetimini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Türkiye’de “Devlet Memurları”na uygulanan disiplin yönetimi, 1965 yılında çıkarılan Devlet Memurları Kanunu ile düzenlenmiştir. İtalya’da ise, “Dipendenti Pubblici”nin disiplin yönetimi kanun, yönetmelik ve toplu sözleşmeler çerçevesinde şekillenmiştir. Buna göre, Türkiye’de ve İtalya’da güncelliğini koruyan kamu personel disiplin yönetimi ilkeler, disiplin süreci ile disiplin suç ve cezaları kapsamında inceleme konusu yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, istatistiki verilerden de yararlanılarak disiplin yönetimlerinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlanmıştır. Her iki ülkedeki kamu yönetimi sisteminin yapısal farklılığı, disiplin yönetimlerinin kurgulanmasında etkisini göstermektedir. Bu farklılığın, salt bir nedenden kaynaklandığı düşünülmemelidir. Çünkü, ülkelerin kamu yönetimlerinin gelişimini ve değişimini etkileyen birden çok etkenin var olduğu bilinmektedir. Çalışmada, her iki ülke kamu personeli disiplin yönetimi yönünden karşılaştırıldıktan sonra, hukuk ve uygulama açısından da çeşitli bulgular saptanmıştır.
İSTANBUL SÖZLEŞMESİNDEN ÇEKİLME SÜRECİNİN DÜŞÜNDÜRDÜKLERİ: TÜRK HUKUKUNUN ULUSLARARASI ANDLAŞMALARLA İMTİHANI
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Fethullah
Published: October 2023

Uluslararası hukuk ile ulusal hukuk ilişkisi, anayasalarda açık hüküm bulunmadığı hallerde üzerinde ittifak sağlanamayan en temel teorik tartışmalardan biridir. Özellikle Türkiye’de, ulusal hukuk ile uluslararası andlaşmaların ilişkisine dair net anayasal düzenlemenin bulunmaması, Türk hukukunun uluslararası andlaşmalara bakışının ne olduğu hususunda öteden beri tartışmaları beraberinde getirmektedir. “Kadınlara Yönelik Şiddet ve Aile İçi Şiddetin Önlenmesi ve Bunlarla Mücadeleye İlişkin Avrupa Konseyi Sözleşmesinden” (İstanbul Sözleşmesi) Türkiye’nin 19 Mart 2021 tarihli Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı (CK) ile çekilmesi üzerine yapılan tartışmalar, Türkiye’nin uluslararası hukuk ve ulusal hukuk arasındaki ilişkinin monist bir yaklaşıma sahip olduğu ön kabulü üzerinden gerçekleşmiştir. Oysaki İstanbul Sözleşmesinden çekilme süreci, Sözleşmenin içeriğinden ziyade, çekilmenin gerçekleşme usulü kapsamında ele alındığında da, Sözleşmeden çekilmenin iç hukuka etkisi bakımından da, Türk hukukunun monist bir yaklaşıma mı düalist bir yaklaşıma mı sahip olduğu tespitinin ne denli önemli olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul Sözleşmesinden çekilme örneğinden hareketle, Türk hukukunun uluslararası andlaşmalara bakışı tespit edilmeye çalışılmış ve Türkiye’deki monizm-düalizm sarkacındaki tartışmalara yeni bir açılım getirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
PREVALENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MARRIED WOMEN LIVING IN RURAL COMMUNITY OF LAHORE
Authors: AHMAD I , ASGHAR A , FIRDOUS U , AHMAD M , JAMIL M , AKMAL M , JAVED A , ZAFAR M
Published: October 2023

Domestic violence against women is a global issue that encompasses physical, sexual, and psychological abuse within intimate relationships. It is a significant public justice concern in Pakistan, yet formal reporting channels and statistics databases are lacking. This study aimed to explore the socioeconomic causes and prevalence of domestic violence against women in a rural community of Lahore. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 married women residing in the Lakhodair rural community of Lahore. A close-ended questionnaire, including demographic information and a domestic violence questionnaire, was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23, and prevalence rates of domestic violence were determined. Most participants were uneducated (93.3%), and prevalence rates of domestic violence were assessed across ten questions related to various forms of abuse. The prevalence of domestic violence is high in our study. Notably, 66% of respondents reported experiencing physical injury from their partners, and 65% had encountered physical violence, such as being struck, pushed, grabbed, thrown, or choked. Additionally, 55% of women reported experiencing sexual violence, while 51% faced forced sexual activity. Emotional abuse was also prevalent, with 52% feeling regularly belittled by their partners. This study revealed that more than 50% of women experience domestic violence after marriage in rural areas. It underscores the urgent need for awareness programs, women's education initiatives, and empowerment programs to address this grave concern. Future research should consider qualitative approaches to gain deeper insight into participants' experiences and feelings. Furthermore, focusing on domestic violence against males is essential to comprehensively address this complex issue.
Grote COVID-19 uitbraak met hoge sterfte in een Rotterdams verpleeghuis: uitbraakonderzoek en reflectie op geleerde lessen
Authors: Vink Martijn , Lodewijk Joke , Whelan Jane , Vonken Lotte , Möhlmann Henk , Elzakkers Jessica , Oude Munnink Bas , van Beek Janko , Boerstra Atze , Verlinde m , Voeten Hélène , Tjon-A-Tsien Aimée
Published: October 2023

Inleiding: Een grote SARS-CoV-2 uitbraak, resulterend in een hoge morbiditeit en sterfte onder bewoners, vond plaats in een Rotterdams verpleeghuis in de periode voordat vaccins beschikbaar waren. Wij beschrijven de uitbraak en reflecteren over geleerde lessen voor toekomstige uitbraakbestrijding nu SARS-CoV-2 evolueert. Methoden: Diagnosedatum en demografische gegevens (leeftijd, geslacht, etage) van positieve bewoners werden verzameld, evenals bijgewoonde groepsbijeenkomsten. Neus-keelswabs van bewoners/personeel werden getest op SARS-CoV-2 door middel van een polymerase chain reactie (PCR), waarbij een deel werd getypeerd middels Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS). Ook werd het ventilatiesysteem onderzocht. Resultaten: Tussen 28/11/2020 en 23/12/2020 testten 106/114 verpleeghuisbewoners (93%) SARS-CoV-2 positief (64% vrouwen, mediane leeftijd 89,5 jaar), evenals 76/164 (46%) personeelsleden. WGS toonde een groot cluster aan, maar er werd geen ‘super preader event’ geïdentificeerd, noch problemen met de ventilatie. De sterfte onder besmette bewoners was 42%. Discussie: Deze uitbraak ontwikkelde zich heel snel, mogelijk doordat personeel in de hectiek niet altijd consequent de persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen gebruikte. De hoge sterfte is deels te verklaren uit de hoge mediane leeftijd. Aangezien SARS-CoV-2-uitbraken in de toekomst opnieuw zullen optreden, dienen risico’s in verpleeghuizen beperkt te worden, o.a. door het handhaven van een hoge vaccinatiegraad, met oog voor kwaliteit van leven van bewoners en personeel.
povos da floresta na produção do espaço e da sustentabilidade na Amazônia
Authors: Guimarães David Franklin da Silva , De Vasconcelos Monica Alves , Weil Andreza Gomes , Schor Tatiana
Published: October 2023

Este artigo aborda a relação dos seringueiros da Amazônia com a proteção das florestas frente às ameaças para o ambiente. Destaca os aspectos históricos da categoria, desde os processos de exploração do trabalho nos ciclos da borracha até as formas de resistência do Conselho das Populações Extrativistas localizadas no Médio Rio Juruá, Carauari/AM. As informações foram norteadas a partir de revisão bibliográfica e das narrativas das populações deste território coletadas por meio da técnica de história oral. As análises partiram da concepção de Henri Lefebvre acerca da produção do espaço. Apesar do apogeu econômico, os ciclos da borracha foram marcados pela exploração do trabalho de seringueiros e suas famílias. O Conselho Nacional das Populações Extrativistas (CNS) surge como uma forma de resistência a esta problemática. Seu papel é garantir o acesso aos direitos sociais para os povos da floresta acompanhando as ações do Estado. Estes sujeitos atuaram localmente para a consolidação de áreas protegidas, garantindo melhoria da qualidade de vida e geração de renda. Desta forma, solidificando uma governança socioambiental para a promoção da sustentabilidade e da justiça socioambiental.
Inmigración, analfabetismo y escolarización común en el departamento Villaguay, Entre Ríos (1895-1914)
Authors: Cian Janet Priscila , Ferreyra Ana Maria
Published: October 2023

Este estudio de caso refiere acerca de la relación entre inmigración, escolarización y alfabetización en un departamento de la provincia argentina de Entre Ríos entre 1895 y 1914. Durante ese período la provincia entrerriana fue teatro de políticas públicas que estimulaban la colonización agraria y el departamento bajo análisis, Villaguay, tuvo la particularidad de atraer a una importante masa de inmigrantes judíos de la Ucrania, por entonces bajo el régimen zarista. Este proceso fue organizado por Jewish Colinization Association e impactó fuertemente en el departamento, entre otros aspectos, en el educativo al brindar casi la mitad de la oferta educativa en el departamento en el período. Mediante las cédulas censales de 1895 realizamos una evaluación sociodemográfica de las migraciones y su relación con la alfabetización sobre la población sobre la que se aplicarán una serie de políticas públicas educativas. A partir de estadísticas provinciales hemos seguido la evolución de la implantación de las políticas y con los datos publicados del censo de 1914 podemos inferir una evaluación de los resultados y advertir las tensiones entre el estado provincial y el nacional por la lectura de los mismos
O direito de voto em separado para o conselho fiscal da sociedade anônima fechada
Authors: Gomes de Brito Cristiano
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho tem por escopo analisar o direito do acionista controlador ou majoritário, com direito a voto, na sociedade anônima fechada, detentor de ações preferenciais sem direito a voto ou com restrição, de participar da eleição em separado do representante dos preferencialistas no conselho fiscal. Demonstrar-se-á que este direito decorre do princípio constitucional da legalidade, em que qualquer restrição a direito deve ser prevista em lei, não se admitindo a interpretação extensiva para mitigar direitos dos acionistas. Propor-se-á que a retirada do direito do acionista controlador ou majoritário em não poder votar na eleição em separado dos representantes dos preferencialistas, violaria flagrantemente o direito de propriedade do acionista, uma vez que impede de exercer seu pleno direito de propriedade. Demonstrar-se-á também que este direito do acionista é exercido em decorrência de seu poder político e de controle, natural do sistema de deliberação majoritária das sociedades anônimas, e que seu cerceamento atribuirá direito a acionista preferencialista naquilo que não foi previsto no estatuto social e na lei, sendo que o acionista sem direito a voto ou com voto restrito poderá exercer o direito de fiscalizar de outras formas prevista na legislação. Por fim, demonstrar-se-á que o Parecer de Orientação da CVM n. 19/90 não se aplica a sociedade anônimas de capital fechado, uma vez que a autarquia federal tem competência regulatória somente no mercado de valores mobiliários com negociação na bolsa ou no mercado de balcão e que por ser desprovida de força de lei, não deve restringir dos direitos à livre iniciativa, a autonomia de vontade e a liberdade de contratar dos acionistas.
Revisão contratual no contexto da pandemia: análise da simbologia da legislação à luz da jurisprudência do TJERJ
Authors: Konder Carlos Nelson
Published: October 2023

O trabalho investiga o papel efetivo das Leis n. 13.874/2019 (“Lei de liberdade econômica” – LLE) e n. 14.010/2020 (“Regime jurídico emergencial e transitório das relações jurídicas de Direito Privado” – RJET) no que tange às normas restritivas de revisão judicial de contratos aplicáveis no contexto da pandemia. Por meio de método dedutivo, coteja-se o teor dessas iniciativas com a experiência jurídica consolidada no Brasil nesse tema e com avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de decisões judiciais, de modo a avaliar a pertinência de reconduzi-las à categoria da chamada “legislação simbólica”, isto é, voltada a produzir efeitos mais no plano retórico-ideológico do que jurídico-normativo.
Elicitation and Empathy with AI-enhanced Adaptive Assistive Technologies (AATs)
Authors: McDonald Nora , Massey Aaron , Hamidi Foad
Published: October 2023

Efforts to include people with disabilities in design education are difficult to scale, and dynamics of participation need to be carefully planned to avoid putting unnecessary burdens on users. However, given the scale of emerging AI-enhanced technologies and their potential for creating new vulnerabilities for marginalized populations, new methods for generating empathy and self-reflection in technology design students (as the future creators of such technologies) are needed. We report on a study with Information Systems graduate students where they used a participatory elicitation toolkit to reflect on two cases of end-user privacy perspectives towards AI-enhanced tools in the age of surveillance capitalism: their own when using tools to support learning, and those of older adults using AI-enhanced adaptive assistive technologies (AATs) that help with pointing and typing difficulties. In drawing on the experiences of students with intersectional identities, our exploratory study aimed to incorporate intersectional thinking in privacy elicitation and further understand its role in enabling sustainable, inclusive design practice and education. While aware of the risks to their own privacy and the role of identity and power in shaping experiences of bias, students who used the toolkit were more sanguine about risks faced by AAT users—assuming more data equates to better technology. Our tool proved valuable for eliciting reflection but not empathy.
STEAM Matters for Sustainability
Authors: Horvath Anca-Simona , Löchtefeld Markus , Heinrich Falk , Bemman Brian
Published: October 2023

Students of art-based higher educational programs use artistic practices and academic methods to explore complex societal topics and produce artistic outcomes that embody new knowledge and insights. Universities have an essential role in helping to shape sustainable futures, and art-based research frequently explores complex and abstract topics, such as sustainability. In this paper, we provide reflections on 33 of the 127 undergraduate student projects we surveyed that concern sustainability over a period of 10 years at a problem-based learning (PBL) university as part of an Art and Technology degree program. Art and Technology is a STEAM education, where STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) subjects are taught alongside artistic methods. Specifically, we investigate how students formulate sustainability problems within an art-based research framework by identifying the (1) themes within sustainability and art that were of most concern, (2) research aims of these projects within a PBL context, and (3) artistic and academic methods employed as part of the research process. Additionally, we provide select examples of the artistic outcomes of these student projects as evidence for how artistic methods and practices – by virtue of necessarily experiential work – can concretize the often abstract notion of sustainability, making it accessible to diverse student populations and the public.
Interconnected Agencies For Sustainable Futures
Authors: Fricker Pia , Landau-Donnelly Friederike , Miltiadis Constantinos , Singh Shubhangi
Published: October 2023

This article presents a nuanced discussion of four episodes on the complexity of possible trajectories for sustainable futures through diverse but intersecting practices and discourses as heterogeneous but complementary articulations of ‘adaptation and space.’
As design and creative processes evolve, new tools and methods, often adopted from science and technology, are integrated into art, design, and architecture. However, knowledge flow in these developments tends to be unidirectional, with science and technology influencing these fields more than vice versa. The diverse developments relating to the concept of ‘space’ have profound impacts on industries, urban habitats, design approaches, and the arts within the expanded field.
This article engages in a conversation from four different disciplinary perspectives, each articulating its own voice in relation to the broad notion of ‘adaptation and space.’ Through this multidisciplinary dialogue, presented in four episodes, it critically contributes to the ongoing discussion on sustainable futures, offering new trajectories for Problem-Based Learning (PBL) beyond disciplinary boundaries. In an era dominated by umbrella terminologies like sustainability, the field of higher education faces the challenge of integrating different expertise to foster new solutions for complex challenges. This article highlights the need for diverse fields such as architecture, art, and social science to engage in a dialogue about perception, interaction, and manipulation of space. Its purpose extends beyond the exploration of novel solutions, instead inviting multifarious perspectives that shape interconnected agencies for sustainable futures and their impact on education.
Editorial: Weaving Hybrid Futures
Authors: Horvath Anca-Simona , Beloff Laura , Brogaard Bertel Lykke , Boros Judit , Cebolla Sanahuja Lorena , Fricker Pia , Hamidi Foad , Hanczyc Martin Michael , Jochum Elizabeth , Löchtefeld Markus , Merritt Timothy Robert , Vissonova Karina
Published: October 2023

Sustainability is currently one of the most important topics in higher education and curriculum development. As a connected and interdependent global community, we are facing increasingly complex and multidimensional socio-political, economic, and environmental challenges. It is clear that trans-disciplinary efforts are necessary to tackle sustainability. Integrating sustainability in educational curricula involves cultivating a way of thinking that is holistic and collaborative so that we can adequately prepare students to work across disciplines, sectors, institutions, and geographies. Problem-based learning, a student-centered learning approach that focuses on real-life problems and where students typically work in groups (Servant-Miklos et al., (2023)), was shown to be a good method for teaching students to engage with complex topics such as sustainability. Defining sustainability is a double act of communication across disciplines and planning for and imagining the future, which requires creativity and, at times, speculation. This act is made more difficult by the fact that there is a lack of consensus surrounding sustainability and through what means and metrics sustainability should be assessed (Horsbøl, 2023; Smith, 2019). How can we use often conflicting conceptions to imagine and design sustainable futures? How can transdisciplinarity inform education and equip future students with a sustainability mindset to face the challenges of their time? These are the core research questions that inform this special issue on Weaving Hybrid Futures: Sustainability in Higher Education with PBL Through Art, Science, and Robotics.
Stemless Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Luthringer Tyler A. , Horneff John G. , Abboud Joseph A.
Published: October 2023

Since the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval nearly two decades ago, the indications for and utilization of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) have expanded considerably. Stemless RSA designs have been used in Europe since 2005, but have only recently been introduced in domestic Investigational Device Exemption trials. Potential advantages of stemless RSA are similar to those of stemless anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, which may include fewer shaft-related complications, avoidance of stress shielding, bone preservation, and easier revision surgery. European data support similar outcomes between certain stemless RSA prostheses compared with that of stemmed RSA implants at early and mid-term follow-up. However, long-term outcomes remain to be seen and differences exist between the stemless RSA designs used in Europe and those being studied in domestic clinical trials. An understanding of the potential advantages and disadvantages of stemless RSA, differences between existing designs, and reported clinical outcomes is prudent for the safe and meaningful implementation of this new technology in the United States.
Effectiveness of UseWhatsapp Groups in Implementation of Classes for Mothers Toddlers Aged 0-1 Years Against Knowledge of Mothers Toddlers in the Technical Implementation Unit, Barong Tongkok Community Health Center in 2022
Authors: Satryani Satryani , Mardiana Nina , Rahman Gajali
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Children are valuable assets of the nation as the successor of the nation. Efforts to realize the need for an environment that is conducive to quality growth and development from an early age. One of the government programs is the establishment of a class of toddler mothers. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of the toddler mother class was postponed until the conditions were free from the COVID-19 pandemic. The solution to this problem is to conduct an online toddler mother class using WhatsApp Group media. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using Whatsapp Grub in the implementation of classes for toddlers aged 0-1 years in increasing the knowledge of toddler mothers. Method: This study used Quasi experimental design with a two-grub pretest-posttest design approach. This study compared the knowledge of toddler mothers before and after treatment. Results: The results of the study obtained a p value of 0.000 or < 0.005 which means that the use of Whatsapp Group in the class of toddler mothers is effective in increasing the knowledge of toddler mothers. Discussion: Various factors that can influence knowledge are the sources of information obtained. The class of toddler mothers both using Whatsapp media and conventionally helps mothers to increase knowledge. Conclusion: Online classes for mothers of toddlers can improve the knowledge of mothers of toddlers. From the results of this study, it can be seen that we can improve knowledge and skills even though not through face-to-face learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic
Experience of Patients Who Have Been Introduced with Ventilators in The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Sumedang Regional General Hospital in 2019
Authors: Wirawan Nandar , Ifah Hanifah Ai
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The complexity of the problems experienced by patients who are installed on ventilators, health workers, especially nurses, need to provide comprehensive nursing care and improve caring attitudes in patients with critical l conditions who are attached to ventilators. Objective: This study aims to dig deeper into the experience of patients who have been installed on ventilators in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Room of the Sumedang Regional General Hospital in 2019. Method: Design of the research method used is a qualitative method through a phenomenological approach with samples taken purposively.  Result and Discussion:  Analyst results a theme from the in-depth interview showed that the experiences of patients who have been put on ventilators include: 1) Psychological Responses: linu, feeling stabbed, thirsty, fear, sadness, between conscious and unconscious, added tightness, sleeplessness, feelings of hopelessness, confusion, between believing or not, unable to breathe, anxious, rebelling, nightmares, stinging, itch worried, upset, uncomfortable, tormented. 2) Patient Support: internal support: child and lukewarm, external support: Health workers (nurses). Conclusion: From the research that was found that the expressions of the 3 participants were appropriate and some were not in accordance with the theory / concept of patients who had been put on ventilators. So, a good, honest, and communicative nurse role is needed in meeting the needs of patients who are attached to ventilators holistically and plenary
G-20 ÜLKELERİ ARASINDA İŞSİZLİK YAKINSAMASININ FOURIER PANEL BİRİM KOK TESTİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEMİRALP Ahmet , BELLİLER İbrahim Sezer
Published: October 2023

Üretimin tam istihdam kapasite düzeyinde çalışabilmesi, ülkenin kaynaklarını tam verimlilikle kullanabilmesi en önemli makroekonomik göstergelerin başında gelmektedir. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerin nezdinde tam istihdam düzeyi hiçbir kaynağın âtıl durumda olmadığını göstermektedir. Gelişmiş ülkeler için ise işsizliğin doğal düzeyde tutulması sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyümenin sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Yakınsama kavramı iktisat literatüründe farklı alanlarda sıklıkla kullanılan bir kavram olarak araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. Sıkça tartışılan gelir yakınsaması; gelişmekte olan ülkelerin gelişmiş ülkelere kıyasla daha yüksek büyüme oranlarına sahip olduğu ve bir süre sonra gelişmiş ülkelerin gelir seviyelerine ulaşma potansiyeli olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çalışmada G-20 üye ülkelerin 1991-2022 yılları arasındaki işsizlik oranlarını kapsayan panel veri seti kullanılmıştır. G-20 ülkelerinin işsizlik yakınsamasının tespit edilebilmesi için Bahmani-Oskooee vd. (2014) Fourier panel birim kök testi uygulanmıştır. Kullanılan birim kök testi hem yatay kesit bağımlılığına hem de yapısal kırılmalara izin vermesi yönünden güncel ve güçlü bir yöntemdir. Test sonuçlarına göre G-20 ülkelerinin bazılarının yakınsama davranışı gösterdiğini ifade eden heterojen alternatif hipotez reddedilememiştir. Ayrıca yumuşak geçişlerin anlamlılığını sınayan F testi sonuçlarına göre Çin, Güney Kore, Arjantin hariç diğer tüm ülkelerin Fourier terimleri anlamlı bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre Brezilya, Fransa, Almanya, Hindistan, İtalya, Japonya, Suudi Arabistan ve Güney Afrika’nın işsizlik oranları G-20 ortalamasına göre yakınsama davranışı gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
INVESTIGATION ON THE USE OF FRICKE DOSIMETRY FOR COSMIC RADIATION
Authors: Mantuano Andrea , Oliveira Arissa Pickler , Mota Carla Lemos da Silva , Salata Camila , Souza Marcelo de Oliveira , Soares Claudete da Conceição , Pessanha Carla de Sales , Magalhães Luís Alexandre Gonçalves
Published: October 2023

The dosimetry of cosmic radiation outside Earth's atmosphere is a significant challenge due to the high complexity of radiation fields encountered in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and interplanetary space, in addition to the constraints imposed by instrument spaceflight. The Fricke dosimeter is a water-based (96% by mass) chemical dosimetry system that offers the potential to measure the absorbed dose in water in an arbitrary geometry, for doses of up to 400 Gy, for different energy spectra. The LCR/UERJ was part of the Cubes in Space project. The main goal of this work was to obtain absorbed doses in water at different altitudes in the atmosphere using rocket and balloon systems sent by NASA's space station, using the Fricke dosimeter. For each project, 10 polyethylene bags with the Fricke dosimeter were made. The dosimeters were sent on a 20-cubic-meter helium balloon to a target altitude of at least 36.5 km, where they experienced conditions close to space. The average dose in the Fricke solution in the balloon was 9.3 ± 1.5 Gy and in the rocket was 20.4 ± 1.4 Gy. The maximum altitude reached by the balloon is 36.5 km, with a flight duration of approximately 12 hours. On the other hand, the rocket reaches a maximum altitude of 120 km, but it remains in flight for only a few minutes. The 54% difference in the absorbed dose can be explained by the different particles that are responsible for the cosmic radiation in different altitudes. Cosmic radiation increases with altitude in the atmosphere and can vary from hour to hour. The Fricke dosimeter has proven to be effective for aerospace dosimetry, as it was utilized according to the presented boundary conditions. Gathering more technical flight information can lead to future results with greater precision and lower uncertainties.
El activo circulante en compañías ecuatorianas del sector C del CIIU y su rendimiento económico
Authors: Riofrío Luis , Zhapa Elvia , Luzuriaga Ignacia , Girón Hipatia
Published: October 2023

La información es un elemento fundamental en la toma de decisiones especialmente en el sector empresarial, en las compañías del sector manufacturero del Ecuador, que pertenece a las Clasificación Industrial Internacional Unificada denominación ( C ), y que son regentadas por la Superintendencia de Compañías Valores y Seguros; el propósito de sus representantes legales y de los accionistas es obtener beneficios favorables o positivos, el objetivo del estudio es determinar la relación que tiene las variables capital de trabajo neto, la liquidez, el activo circulante y el patrimonio en los resultados económicos de las compañías que pertenecen al sector manufacturero del Ecuador, el estudio se enmarca en un a análisis de la información obtenida de los estados financieros presentados a la Superintendencia de Compañías Valores y Seguros, datos de panel no balanceados de los años 2015 al 2020, para determinar a través del análisis de regresión  la incidencia de las variables independientes, en la variable dependiente en el resultado de los ejercicios económicos, el modelo muestra una alta relación inversa de las variables independientes en la variable dependiente, es decir no necesariamente con tener una buena liquidez, un capital de trabajo positivo y un crecimiento en la inversión se logra obtener beneficios favorables en los periodos económicos, lo que se puede evidenciar que mantener un capital de trabajo neto positivo, una liquidez mayor a uno, un incremento en el financiamiento propio o patrimonio, no se garantiza obtener resultados favorables en las compañías. A través del modelo muestra claramente una correlación negativa y un b0 = -4321297.7, es decir cuando el valor de la variable dependiente resultados del ejercicio es -4321297.7, las variables independientes serán igual a cero, también se puede inferir que cuando las variables independientes crecen la variable dependiente resultados del ejercicio disminuye.
DESKRIPSI STATUS GIZI PASIEN TB PARU BTA POSITIF DI RSUD KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Kolewora Yusuf Musafir
Published: October 2023

Status gizi sangat erat kaitannya dengan kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keadaan status gizi pasien TB Paru BTA Positif di RSUD Kota Kendari. Metode penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Purposive Sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 51 orang. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Januari-Juli 2021, bertempat di RSUD Kota Kendari. Analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasien TB Paru BTA Positif di RSUD Kota Kendari sebagian besar berada pada kategori normal sebanyak 28 orang (59%) dan pada kategori kurang sebanyak  23 orang (41%). Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan  dapat menjadi informasi bagi tenaga kesehatan tentang keadaan status gizi pasien TB BTA+, sehingga dapat memberikan terapi atau penanganan perbaikan gizi pada pasien.