bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) Project. I. Catalog of Emission-line Galaxies
Authors: Zhu Shuairu , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Rhoads James , Wang Junxian , Jiang Linhua , Jiang Chunyan , Yuan Fang-Ting , Rahna P. T. , Hu Weida , Lin Ruqiu , Shan Huanyuan , Xu Chun , Infante Leopoldo , Barrientos L. Felipe , Zheng Xianzhong , Fang Guanwen , Liang Zhixiong
Published: February 2024

We present the first results of the Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) project, which analyzes the space-borne deep Hα narrowband imaging data in the GOODS-S region. The HDHα data comprises 72 orbits’ images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys/Wide Field Channel F658N filter. The exposure time varies across a total area of ∼76.1 arcmin2, adding up to a total exposure time of 195.7 ks, among which 68.8 ks are spent in the deepest region. These images are aligned, reprojected, and combined to have the same pixel grid as the Hubble Legacy Fields. The scientific goals of the HDHα include establishing a sample of emission-line galaxies (ELGs) including [O iii] emitters at z ∼ 0.3, [O ii] emitters at z ∼ 0.8, and Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z ∼ 4.4, studying the line morphology of ELGs with high resolution imaging data, and statistically analyzing the line luminosity functions and line equivalent-width distributions of ELGs selected with HST. Furthermore, the HDHα project enhances the legacy value of the GOODS-S field by contributing the first HST-based narrowband image to the existing data sets, which includes the HST broadband data and other ancillary data from X-ray to radio taken by other facilities. In this paper, we describe the data reduction process of the HDHα, select ELGs based on HST's F658N and broadband data, validate the redshifts of the selected candidates by crossmatching with the public spectroscopic catalogs in the GOODS-S, and present a final catalog of the confirmed [O iii] emitters at z ∼ 0.3, [O ii] emitters at z ∼ 0.8, and LAEs at z ∼ 4.4.
Improved Upper Limits on Gravitational-wave Emission from NS 1987A in SNR 1987A
Authors: Owen Benjamin J. , Lindblom Lee , Soares Pinheiro Luciano , Rajbhandari Binod
Published: February 2024

We report on a new search for continuous gravitational waves from NS 1987A, the neutron star born in SN 1987A, using open data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run (O3). The search covered frequencies from 35–1050 Hz, more than 5 times the band of the only previous gravitational-wave search to constrain NS 1987A. Our search used an improved code and coherently integrated from 5.10 to 14.85 days depending on frequency. No astrophysical signals were detected. By expanding the frequency range and using O3 data, this search improved on strain upper limits from the previous search and was sensitive at the highest frequencies to ellipticities of 1.6 × 10−5 and r-mode amplitudes of 4.4 × 10−4, both an order of magnitude improvement over the previous search and both well within the range of theoretical predictions.
Single-Center Real-World Experience with Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma in the 21st Century
Authors: Cho Hyungwoo , Hong Jung Yong , Lee Dae Ho , Kim Shin , Lee Kyoungmin , Kang Eun Hee , Lee Sunjong , Park Jung Sun , Kim Jeong Hoon , Ryu Jin Sook , Huh Jooryung , Suh Cheolwon
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims: In Korea, the incidence of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (PCNSL) is increasing and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has improved the survival of younger patients. We explored our real-world experience with PCNSL at Asan Medical Center (AMC).Methods: We used the AMC lymphoma registry to collect patient data prospectively. We analyzed 279 patients diagnosed from 2002 until August 2019.Results: The PCNSL incidence at AMC increased progressively and comprised 7.4-8.9% of new non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients annually during the most recent 4 years. The median age was 60 years (range, 17-85) and males comprised 55%. Patients under 65 years of age (n = 183) had no significant differences in characteristics compared to those aged 65 years or over, with the exception of less occipital lobe involvement and lower beta-2 microglobulin levels. Rituximab, methotrexate, procarbazine, and vincristine (R-MPV) combination induction had the best overall response, of 95%. The median overall survival was 3.8 years with 5- and 10-year survival rates of 41.5% and 30.2%, respectively. Survival was better in younger patients and those treated with ASCT. Thiotepa, busulfan, and cytoxan (TBC) conditioning chemotherapy had better survival than other combinations. The International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center prognostic score systems were valid in this cohort. Age and performance status were independent prognostic factors. Exclusive extra-central nervous system failure occurred in six patients (5.6%) among 107 failures.Conclusions: The incidence of PCNSL is rising. R-MPV induction therapy followed by ASCT with TBC has improved the survival of young, fit PCNSL patients.
Fraudes fiscales, excomuniones y pactos: el conflicto entre la iglesia de Toledo y la Orden de Calatrava por los diezmos del Campo de Calatrava de 1460 a 1482
Authors: González Nieto Diego
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el conflicto que se produjo entre 1460 y 1482 entre el arzobispo y cabildo catedralicio de Toledo y la Orden de Calatrava en torno a los diezmos del Campo de Calatrava. Una abundante documentación inédita procedente del Archivo Histórico Nacional nos permitirá examinar los mecanismos articulados por la Orden y Gonzalo de Pisa y Alonso y Diego Gutiérrez de la Caballería, arrendadores de las rentas del maestre y Orden de Calatrava, a fin de beneficiarse de los diezmos correspondientes a la Iglesia de Toledo. Las penas de excomunión y entredicho que fueron lanzadas contra aquellos por sus fraudes y violencias abrieron paso al desarrollo de sucesivos procesos pactuales con los que se trató de poner fin al conflicto. Estos también han sido objeto de estudio en el artículo.
Reliquias y relicarios de la capilla real de la Corona de Aragón: su devenir entre la ciudad y la catedral de Valencia
Authors: Arciniega García Luis
Published: February 2024

La capilla real de la corona de Aragón destaca por sus reliquias y relicarios. Se analiza su devenir en la catedral de Valencia a través de documentos inéditos. En general, fue complejo por las instituciones implicadas, pues el rey era el propietario, la Ciudad la tenía en prenda por sus préstamos desde 1437, y la catedral era su depositaria; y porque se entremezclaron varias pignoraciones y donaciones. Primero, se dedica atención a la capitulación entre el rey y la Ciudad en 1506, así como al inventario que fue base de los sucesivos. Su transcripción se acompaña de la contextualización de cada una de las piezas. Después, se incide en lo sucedido durante la revuelta de la Germanía, cuando el tesoro adquirió especial protagonismo y se hizo un nuevo e inédito inventario. Finalmente, se precisan las circunstancias por las que hacia 1665 la catedral declaró extinguida la pignoración, pero se mantuvo como depositaria.
Francisco de Páramo (1565-1616), copista de libros de canto llano en la Hispanoamérica colonial: nuevas luces sobre su vida y obra
Authors: Vera Aguilera Alejandro , Morales Abril Omar
Published: February 2024

Como ocurre con otros copistas de música del período colonial, se conoce poco sobre la vida y obra de Francisco de Páramo. Si bien su actividad en Bogotá y Lima ha sido documentada, los datos al respecto abarcan solo los últimos diez años de su vida (1606-1616). Su caso, además, resulta enigmático, pues los testimonios sugieren que era ya un copista de prestigio en 1606, cuando el arzobispo Lobo Guerrero lo contrató para escribir los libros de canto llano de la catedral de Bogotá; sin embargo, no se ha encontrado ningún dato sobre él antes de dicho año. A partir de fuentes inéditas conservadas en diferentes archivos latinoamericanos, este trabajo aporta nuevas luces sobre su actividad antes de 1606 y demuestra que Páramo fue un copista e iluminador relevante no solo en Sudamérica, como se pensaba, sino prácticamente en toda la Hispanoamérica colonial. De esta forma, devela vínculos hasta ahora ignorados entre colecciones de cantorales que fueron copiadas en los virreinatos de Nueva España y el Perú.
La aportación fiscal de la Iglesia mallorquina en el siglo XVIII: entre el regalismo y la negociación
Authors: Coll Coll Ana María
Published: February 2024

La aportación fiscal del estamento eclesiástico mallorquín en el siglo XVIII tiene unas peculiaridades que la diferencian del resto de territorios hispanos. En el trabajo analizamos la participación de este cuerpo en la recaudación de los impuestos directos, así como la existencia de dos etapas en las relaciones Estado-Iglesia. Una primera de mayor oposición y una segunda de mayor connivencia, resultado de la política regalista de Carlos III. También damos a conocer el formato recaudatorio, las limitaciones del éxito del Estado en su pretensión de obligar a la Iglesia a contribuir por el impuesto de los utensilios y el peso de su participación fiscal en relación con su patrimonio y con el resto de los contribuyentes.
La religiosa conciliar en España. Una aproximación a su construcción identitaria en tiempos del Vaticano II
Authors: Mínguez Blasco Raúl
Published: February 2024

Como es bien conocido, el Concilio Vaticano II promovió una transformación global del catolicismo, pero el alcance de este cambio en las órdenes y congregaciones femeninas ha sido poco estudiado. Este artículo pretende introducirse en este tema a través del análisis de la trayectoria de la Sociedad del Sagrado Corazón. Esta congregación religiosa, fundada en las postrimerías de la Revolución Francesa, constituyó un modelo exitoso de instituto religioso durante más de un siglo. Sin embargo, el nuevo contexto surgido tras el final de la II Guerra Mundial le obligó a emprender un profundo proceso de renovación impulsado por el decreto conciliar Perfectae Caritatis. A través principalmente de fuentes orales, se analizará la construcción identitaria de la religiosa conciliar, que se caracterizó por una resignificación de los tradicionales votos de castidad, pobreza y obediencia.
Fostering Academic Integrity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Mahmud Saadia
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence offers the opportunity to revolutionise work and it is now ubiquitous globally. In higher education the use of generative artificial intelligence has raised concerns about the integrity of assessment and research. The current study analyses the academic integrity policy and practice at leading universities globally to assess the early response to the use of artificial intelligence. A sample of twenty universities (N=20) from four different countries—USA, UK, Australia, and Canada—were selected. Data was collected and analysed in May-June 2023. Fostering of academic integrity at the higher education institutions was assessed using the core elements of exemplary policy and framework for enacting exemplary academic integrity policy. A minority (45%) of the universities mentioned the use of artificial intelligence in their academic integrity policy. Higher education institutions globally need to update academic and research integrity policy and practice to facilitate the ethical use of artificial intelligence.
The Inherent Uncertainties of AI-Text Detection and the Implications for Education Institutions
Authors: Crockett Robin , Howe Robert
Published: February 2024

This chapter focuses on the implications of the improving generative-AI ‘chatbot' technologies and the inevitable unreliability of attendant AI-text detection technologies. The goal of generative-AI programmers is to design AIs which produce text indistinguishable from typical human-written text: an eventuality that will render AI-text detectors redundant. The authors outline the underpinning mathematics of AI-generated and human-written text as the basis of AI-text detection, and how this leads to inherent inaccuracies and uncertainties in AI-text detection. The chapter proceeds to overview on how institutions will have to work with both the growth in use of AI and the unreliability of AI-text detection: institutions cannot avoid AI and cannot rely on 'tech' to police it. Students need to be taught how to use AIs ethically with integrity and insight and sanctioned when they do not. At the same time, institutions need to resource people to investigate students suspected of false authorship, whether commissioning a human ghost-writer or using an AI inappropriately.
New Innovations in Higher Education's Academic Integrity and Classroom Strategies
Authors: Jaber Maya
Published: February 2024

In recent decades, technology has advanced exponentially, ushering in the widespread integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to daily life. AI is now omnipresent, from smart home devices to autonomous vehicles, and it has gained significant traction across various industries. In higher education, educators must adapt to this cultural shift by revising curriculum, learning environments, and teaching methods. AI has the potential to revolutionize higher education but raises concerns about academic integrity. This chapter explores AI's impact on global society, discusses AI-related academic integrity issues, proposes a redefined concept of academic integrity, and offers practical strategies for nurturing students' evolving thinking processes.
Forecasting Post-Epidemic Air Passenger Flow Among Hub Cities in China Based on PLS and GA-SVR Model
Authors: Li Guo-Dong , Liu Wen-Shan , Tsai Sang-Bing
Published: February 2024

For stakeholders and companies involved in civil aviation to plan and make wise decisions, accurate estimates of air passenger flow are necessary. The conclusions drawn from this model serve as an invaluable resource for pertinent choices. The top hub cities in mainland China's air travel network are predicted using a variable weight combination model that combines PLS and GA-SVR. According to the test results, the model developed in this study improves prediction accuracy. This demonstrates how well detailed information about social and economic development can be gleaned from linear development patterns and nonlinear fluctuation rules. Predictions can be made with more accuracy and a better fit as a result. Over the next five years, it is predicted that over 300 million passengers will fly between the top hub cities in mainland China, an increase of 6.51% per year. The growth in passenger traffic varies significantly between different routes. The routes from Beijing to Shanghai and Shanghai to Shenzhen saw the most travellers, while the Beijing-Chengdu route saw the fastest growth in traveller numbers. The study's findings provide useful advice for civil aviation businesses and people involved in their decision-making, fostering growth in the sector during the post-pandemic period.
A case of Brugada phenocopy unmasked following giant Asian honey bee stings
Authors: Maddumabandara H. R. K. K. , Rajaratnam A. , Ellepola K. D. , Bowattage S.
Published: February 2024

This case report details a rare occurrence of Brugada phenocopy (type 1 Brugada electrocardiographic pattern) precipitated following giant Asian honey bee (Apis dorsata) stings in a previously healthy Sri Lankan male. The patient had an uneventful course. While similar ECG patterns can arise from non-genetic factors, Giant Asian honey bee sting as a causal factor is exceedingly unusual and unreported previously. This case adds to the spectrum of cardiac manifestations of Hymenopteran venom highlighting the requirement for close cardiac monitoring and clinical vigilance in these patients.
Retrieved from the jaws of death – A successfully managed case of rhino- cerebral mucormycosis despite healthcare constraints due to economic turmoil
Authors: Wijethunge A. N. , Uluwattage W. , Piyasiri B. , Kodithuwakku R. S. , Weerasinghe W. M. D. , Dileka J. H. T. , Halpita I. U.
Published: February 2024

Rhino- orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive life-threatening fungal infection which primarily affects the nose, paranasal sinuses and orbit. It is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by fungi of order Mucorales. They are a group of ubiquitous fungi which grow on decaying vegetation and a wide variety of organic compounds, and they pose a huge threat to life by direct invasion of the vital structures in the body. Early identification and treatment of this disease is therefore of paramount importance for a better outcome. We report a case of a 65-year-old man with a background history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic kidney disease, who presented with a diffuse headache of 5 days along with left sided facial oedema, redness of left eye and visual disturbance. Imaging studies revealed sinusitis involving multiple sinuses and the nasal mucosal biopsy showed fungal hyphae. Considering the clinical presentation and the overall findings from the investigations a diagnosis of rhino-cerebral mucormycosis was made. Medical management was done with administration of intravenous Amphotericin B and IV itraconazole along with other supportive medication. Patient had a successful recovery after a lengthy hospital stay which included surgical debridement of affected tissues and the medical treatment even with challenges faced due to unavailability of drugs due to economic constraints on health.
Hypokalaemic paralysis due to underlying distal renal tubular acidosis as the first presentation of primary Sjogren’s syndrome: a case report
Authors: Subhani B. , Maathury S. , Dissanayake U.
Published: February 2024

Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands. A 36-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of bilateral lower limb weakness. She was noted to have hypokalaemia with a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. Subsequent investigations revealed high ESR, positive ANA, absent dsDNA, normal C3, C4, positive anti-Ro and negative anti-La. Labial biopsy revealed a lymphocytic infiltrate and renal biopsy revealed tubulointerstitial nephritis. Sjogren’s syndrome rarely (less than 5%) presents for the first time as renal manifestations such as hypokalaemia related paralysis as a result of type I – distal renal tubular acidosis due to the underlying tubulointerstitial nephritis.
Unveiling the heart of nursing: the transformative impact of emotional intelligence on patient-centred care
Authors: Gamage C. K. W. , Sudusinghe W. S.
Published: February 2024

The five-component model developed by Daniel Goleman serves as the primary description of emotional intelligence (EI). EI plays a significant role in the nursing profession by assisting students in acquiring traits including motivation, self-awareness, self-management, empathy, and interpersonal competence. Consequently, nurses equipped with heightened EI contribute to treatment that is both compassionate and highly collaborative. Positive impacts of EI on stress management, collaboration, and the promotion of personal and professional development have been linked to higher levels of job satisfaction. It also has a significant role in uniting healthcare workers from various backgrounds, which promotes improved communication and, eventually, improves patient care. Associations between increased levels of nurses' EI and improved interpersonal relationships, professional success, and a harmonious work-life balance emphasise the multifaceted advantages of EI in the nursing profession. Additionally, EI has a crucial role in influencing patient-nurse interactions, communication, trust, patient satisfaction, and overall outcomes. The integration of EI training into nursing education is essential, with a specific emphasis on the development of skills related to the identification, comprehension, and regulation of emotions. Continuing education and mentoring initiatives have the potential to further augment the EI of nurses. Improving healthcare outcomes and services requires an understanding of the importance of combining nursing practice and education.
Prevalence of dental caries among patients with type 2 diabetes and without diabetes attending an outpatient clinic in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Manatunge S. R. , Ariyawansha T. A. , Gunawardana W. P.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Dental caries can be an oral sign of poor glycaemic control in individuals with Diabetes Mellitus. We aim to describe the prevalence of dental caries and the stages of caries and dental extractions between patients with diabetes and without diabetes attending outpatient clinics. We also aim to describe the association of dental caries with the duration of diabetes.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2021 to March 2023 using an interviewer administered questionnaire and oral examination at the outpatient medical clinic. Data were analysed under means, standard deviations and chi square. P value was set at .05.Results: Out of 439 in this study group, 50.3% had diabetes 49.7% did not have diabetes. Their respective FBS means(SD) were 7.59 ±2.47) and 5.35 (SD ± .78) which were significant (p< .001). Patients with diabetes (172 had significant prevalence of caries than those without diabetes (151) p= .042). The prevalence of different stages of caries also showed significant differences between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes (p= .033). Severity of dental caries was not associated with the duration of diabetes (p= .866). Previous tooth extractions in patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes were not significant as participants who had extractions were 213 and 202 respectively (p= .569). Further, patients with diabetes (137) had higher prevalence of unsatisfactory oral hygiene than in those without diabetes (100) participants (p< .001).Conclusions: Prevalence of dental caries was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in those without. There was a significant difference in the severity of dental caries between the two groups.
Physician well being, burnout and compassion fatigue
Authors: De Silva S. G. , Hettiarachchi N. M. , Liyanage A. D. M. D.
Published: February 2024

Physician burnout although an issue for many a decade is now gaining the limelight urging recognition and discussion in view of discovering remedies. Here we briefly explore burnout in terms of its definition, what brings it about, who suffers from it, how it can be identified and measured. Towards the latter end of the article, views and perceptions on how burnout takes its form in a Sri Lankan context is addressed with suggestions on remedies and interventions.
SLCIM Picture Quiz
Authors: Dalugama Chamara , Hettiarachchi N. Madhuwanthi , Pathirage Manoji
Published: February 2024

No abstract available
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients associated with severe COVID-19 infection and death at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wettasinghe I. , Samarasinghe S. M. , Wijekoon S. , Sugathapala A. , Mujaheit M. I. , Seneratna C. , Wijekoon C. N.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 caused a massive burden to the health sector in Sri Lanka. This study aims to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics associated with severe COVID infection and death in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2021-June 2022 at a Teaching Hospital in Colombo. Consecutive sampling of adults admitted to hospital with moderate or severe COVID-19 was done. Data was collected from patient interviews and medical records.Results: The study population consisted of 388 patients. Mean age (SD) was 61.1 (±14.7) years and 56.4% were men. In-hospital deaths were 39%. Shortness of breath was the commonest presenting complaint (89.4%). Death was more common among those with the following symptoms as opposed to those without; fever (49.3% vs 27.7%, p< .001), cough (64.2% vs 23.2%, p< .001) and chest pain (70.5% vs 34.9%, p < .001). Other factors associated with death were male gender (44.2% vs 32.1 %, p= .016), age >60years (66.5 vs 10.1, p< .001), diabetes (47.2% vs 23.7%, p< .001), hypertension (61% vs 23.5, p< .001), ischemic heart disease (78.6% vs 30.1%, p< .001), COPD (90.0% vs 35.8%, p< .001) and smoking (60.3% vs 34%, p< .001). Symptoms, demographics and comorbidities associated with severe disease compared to moderate disease were similar to those associated with in-hospital deaths. High white cell count, high CRP, low pH and low SpO2 on admission were significantly associated with death as well as severe disease. Conclusions: Clinical and laboratory characteristics associated with death in patients with COVID-19 were similar to those with severe COVID. These parameters help to detect patients who need close monitoring and more intensive management.
A low-cost, activated carbon-coated, stainless-steel counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Dissanayakea M. A. K. L. , Liyanage T. S. M. , Kumari J. M. K. W. , Sumanasekera D. M. U. P. , Jaseetharan T. , Sandamali W. I. , Senadeera G. K. R.
Published: February 2024

A low-cost, activated carbon (AC) and sugar-coated stainless-steel counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells was successfully fabricated and characterized. For performance comparison, a similar electrode was fabricated using a FTO glass as the substrate. The photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells made with these two counter electrodes were compared with solar cells made with a Pt counter electrode. The optimized, activated carbon-coated, stainless-steel-based dye-sensitized solar cells showed an energy conversion efficiency of 8.21% while similarly optimized solar cells made with activated carboncoated FTO counter electrode showed an efficiency of 7.50%. The efficiency of corresponding solar cells made with Pt counter electrode was 9.22%. The high solar cell efficiency of 89% of that of Pt based cells can be attributed to the high electro-catalytic activity and enhanced effective surface area of activated carbon/ sugar composite and good electrical conductivity of stainless steel as demonstrated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, Tafel plot analysis and SEM imaging.
Distribution of exchangeable cobalt in low-land rice cultivated soils in Sri Lanka as affected by the differences in climate, soil and water source
Authors: Weerasooriya T. , Dissanayake D. M. S. B. , Ariyaratne M. , Rathnayake U. K. , Kadupitiya H. K. , Chandrajith R. , Suriyagoda L. D. B.
Published: February 2024

Cobalt (Co) is considered a beneficial element for plants. However, when soils contain excessive amounts of Co, it could cause phytotoxicity. Despite this, the current status of Co in Sri Lankan rice-cultivated soils is not known. Therefore, this study was conducted to (i) determine the distribution of exchangeable Co concentration, and (ii) examine the interactive effects of climatic zone (CZ), agro-climatic zone (ACZ), soil order, water source, and their interactions in determining exchangeable Co concentration in lowland rice fields in Sri Lanka. A total of 8,292 soil samples representing six ACZs, six soil orders, and three water sources were collected using a stratified random sampling approach. Cobalt was extracted in 0.01 M CaCl2 and measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometry. Exchangeable Co concentration ranged between 0.03-2,409 μg kg−1 with a mean value of 185.9 μg kg−1. Over 77.5% of the soil samples tested were Co deficient, i.e. <250 μg kg−1. Samples collected from the Intermediate zone, particularly Intermediate zone Mid country, had higher Co concentration than that reported in other ACZs (p<0.05). Among the soil orders, Histosols had higher (232 μg kg−1) and Vertisols had lower (91 μg kg−1) Co concentrations (p<0.05). Moreover, Co concentration was negatively correlated with soil pH (r=−0.3391, p<0.0001) and rice crop productivity (r=−0.1512, p<0.0001). Although exchangeable Co concentration in rice cultivated soils was low, it is important to implement strategies such as proper waste management, treatment of industrial effluents, and the use of safer and more sustainable practices in the chemical and mining industries to minimize further accumulation of Co exceeding the critical limit (i.e. 30 - 40 mg Co kg−1 rice grain), and to ensure the safety of rice production in situations where geological and anthropogenic activities can increase soil exchangeable Co concentration.
2022: A big year for acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Wimalachandra M , Gooneratne L
Published: February 2024

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the most common leukaemia in adults with a mean age at presentation between 65 to 72 years. During the first two decades of the 21st century we witnessed vast developments in the molecular pathogenesis of AML and the translation of these discoveries to clinical practice. The year 2022 saw the publication of three pivotal consensus papers on the classification and management of AML.
Biobanking e Project Management
Authors: Bonvicini Paolo , Libener Roberta , Amore Valentina , Oliveri Giulia , Maconi Antonio
Published: February 2024

Obiettivi: la crescita della standardizzazione è parallela e correlata alla complessità architettonica del sistema organizzato di ogni biobanca. La gestione di tale complessità, da cui si originano scenari variegati, richiede metodologie di lavoro precise. Questo articolo evidenzia la natura delle biobanche di nuova generazione e riassume i concetti portanti l’impalcatura di Project Management. Metodi: la metodologia utilizzata per la raccolta dei dati necessari alla produzione del working paper è una revisione narrativa e di meta-sintesi della letteratura inerente alle aree di qualità, economia e coinvolgimento sociale delle biobanche e delle più recenti metodologie di Project Management. Risultati: le biobanche di nuova generazione possiedono una struttura polivalente principalmente riconoscibile nelle tre macroaree “Quality Management”, “Business Management” e “Social Engagement Management”, necessaria per garantire la sostenibilità delle stesse, ovvero il proprio ciclo di vita. Conclusioni: il Project Management, attraverso la sua impalcatura concettuale ed i modelli che offre, può rappresentare lo strumento più adeguato alla gestione della complessità che caratterizza la struttura delle biobanche, permettendo un approccio organizzato, strutturato ed integrato, sia per perseguire l’implementazione del processo di standards normativi sia per la gestione delle macroaree di ogni biobanca con relativi processi, fasi, sottoprocessi, sottofasi ed attività.
Testicular volume is a noninvasive predictor of sperm retrieval failure in idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Xiao Hong , Tang Song-Xi , Yao Rui-Jie , Ding Yi-Lang , Yang Peng , Chen Qiang , Huang Hai-Lin , Chen Xi , Zhou Hui-Liang
Published: February 2024

We investigated the prognostic importance of noninvasive factors in predicting sperm retrieval failure in idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia (iNOA). We studied 193 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia who underwent microsurgical testicular sperm extraction. The Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U tests for clinical parameters and seminiferous tubule distribution were used for between-group comparisons. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of retrieval failure. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for each variable was evaluated, and the net clinical benefit was calculated using a clinical decision curve. Patients with iNOA had a lower sperm retrieval rate than those with known causes. Moreover, testicular volume was an independent factor affecting sperm extraction outcomes (odds ratio = 0.79, P < 0.05). The testicular volume cut-off value was 6.5 ml (area under the curve: 0.694). The patients with iNOA were categorized into two groups on the basis of the distribution of seminiferous tubules observed. The sperm retrieval rate and testicular volume were significantly different between the groups with a uniform or heterogeneous tubule distribution. There was also a significant association between a uniform tubule distribution and testicular volume. In conclusion, a testicular volume of more than 6.5 ml effectively predicts microsurgical testicular sperm extraction failure due to a uniform tubule distribution in patients with iNOA.
Ophthalmological and radiological findings in patients of hypertensive crisis reporting to an intensive care setting
Authors: Bhandare Salomi Samuel , Roy Sneha , Mani Utsav Anand , Gautam Kartika
Published: February 2024

Background:

The term “hypertensive crisis (HC)” is used to describe both hypertensive emergencies and hypertensive urgencies. Hypertensive emergencies are characterized by the presence of target organ damage, whereas hypertensive urgencies do not involve such organ damage.

Methods:

The main objective of this research was to evaluate all prevalence and clinical profiles of HC in an intensive care unit (ICU). A consecutive type of nonprobability sampling was followed during the study period for the selection of the study sample. A total of 50 patients fulfilling the criteria of eligibility were used for this research with proper informed consent.

Results:

Of the 50 patients reporting to the ICU with hypertensive emergencies and urgency, the most common systemic involvement was neurological, followed by cardiac. On Electrocardiographic (ECG), ST-T wave changes were seen in 46% of cases, whereas left ventricular hypertrophy was reported in 22% of cases.

Conclusions:

Hypertensive retinopathy was the most common ophthalmological finding, SR-T wave changes were the most common ECG finding, and intracerebral hemorrhage was the most common computed tomography finding in patients of HC.
Gender differences in clinical characteristics, angiographic profile, and outcomes of left main coronary artery disease
Authors: Arjun S. , Misiriya K. J. Raihanathul , Sudhakumary V. , Alur Suhas , Narayanapillai Jayaprasad
Published: February 2024

Context:

Left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality in spite of advances in management. There is a paucity of data on the gender differences in LMCA disease.

Aims:

We aimed to study the clinical characteristics, angiographic profile, and outcome of coronary artery disease patients with significant LMCA disease.

Settings and Design:

This is a prospective observational study among patients with significant LMCA disease undergoing coronary angiography in a tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods:

We compared clinical, angiographic characteristics among male and female patients with significant LMCA disease and followed up for 4 months.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Differences between the groups were compared with Student’s t-test for parametric continuous variables. Chi-square test was applied for estimating the occurrence of categorical variables. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between parameters.

Results:

Among 100 consecutive patients with LMCA disease, 70 were males and 30 were females. Chronic stable angina was the most common presentation. Distal LMCA was the most common site. Isolated LMCA disease was less compared to LMCA + multivessel disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting was the predominant management strategy. Mortality rates at 6 months were higher in females compared to males (20% vs. 3.3%).

Conclusions:

LMCA disease has mostly similar angiographic and clinical characteristics among males and females. LMCA disease is associated with high mortality in females compared to males.
Potpourri of the radiological feature of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Authors: Mahorkar Ajinkya , Mahorkar Virag , Mahorkar Uday , Vidhale Anurag , Vidhale Avanti , Sarwale Suresh
Published: February 2024

Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a usual finding in a radiographic investigation, and unilateral pulmonary edema (UPE) is a possibility. We present a rare case of a 60-year-old female with acute coronary syndrome, acute mitral regurgitation (MR), and UPE secondary to papillary muscle rupture. The MR led to UPE that recovered after mitral valve replacement and a coronary artery bypass graft. Thus, awareness of early detection and management of UPE associated with MR can save a patient’s life in life-threatening conditions.
Suicide Ideation in LGBTQ+ Community in the Northern Part of India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Arora Kanika , Koul Arunima , Saeed Shazina , Shannawaz Mohammad
Published: February 2024

Background:

The mental health challenges within India’s LGBTQ+ community are often overlooked, making it essential to study suicide ideation within this population.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was done with an online structured survey consisting of 12 questions related to socio-demographic characteristics, mental health, discrimination and suicidal thoughts. The sampling method used in this research paper was the snowball technique. In the data analysis, the Chi-square test was conducted using SPSS Software.

Results:

A sample of 59 LGBTQ+ people in India was collected. Gay (54%), bisexual (19%), lesbian (12%), non-binary (7%), pansexual (5%) and transgender (3%) participated in this study. Suicidal thoughts occurred to 66.07% of them at least once in their lives. Those who had previously experienced verbal abuse had much higher suicidal thoughts (P = 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval).

Conclusion:

To broaden the dialogue on suicide prevention, it is imperative that we actively incorporate LGBTQ+ individuals. This can be achieved through initiatives such as establishing counselling centres, wellness hubs and healing facilities, amongst other essential measures.
Triaging for Severe Illness amongst Adults with Tuberculosis Followed by Referral and Inpatient Care: A Statewide Pilot in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Shewade Hemant D. , Frederick Asha , Kalyanasundaram Madhanraj , Chadwick Joshua , Kiruthika G , Rajasekar T Daniel , Gayathri K , Vijayaprabha R , Sabarinathan R , Shivakumar Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra , Jeyashree Kathiresan , Bhavani P K , Aarthi S , Suma K V , Pathinathan Delphina P. , Parthasarathy Raghavan , Nivetha M Bhavani , Thampi Jerome G , Chidambaram Deiveegan , Bhatnagar Tarun , Lokesh S , Devika Shanmugasundaram , Laux Timothy S. , Viswanathan Stalin , Sridhar R , Krishnamoorthy K , Sakthivel M , Karunakaran S , Rajkumar S , Ramachandran M. , Kanagaraj K D , Durai V P , Saravanan R , Sugantha A , Khan S Zufire Hassan Mohamed , Sangeetha P , Vasudevan R , Nedunchezhian R , Sankari M , Jeevanandam N , Ganapathy S , Rajasekaran V , Mathavi T , Rajaprakash A R , Murali Lakshmi , Pugal U , Sundaralingam K , Savithri S , Vellasamy S , Dheenadayal D , Ashok P , Sudhakar R , Rajan K P , Tharageshwari N , Chokkalingam D , Anandrajkumar S M , Selvavinayagam T S , Padmapriyadarshini C , Ramachandran Ranjani , Murhekar Manoj V
Published: February 2024

Background:

This research paper reports on the first statewide implementation of differentiated Tuberculosis (TB) care in routine health system settings in India and possibly globally. This pilot aimed to assess the feasibility in routine health system settings and to identify the predictors of triaging and the burden of triage positive.

Methods/design:

An observational study involving cross-sectional and longitudinal descriptive design. This differentiated TB care was implemented amongst all public notified adults (≥15 years) with TB (not known to be drug resistant at diagnosis) in routine health system settings involving the existing workforce in Tamil Nadu, India (except Chennai).

Results:

Of 2382 adults with TB notified during 14-27 March 2022, 1636 (69%) were triaged for severe illness and 290 (18%) were triage positive. Of these 298, a total of 160 (55%) were comprehensively assessed after referral. Of 136 confirmed as severely ill, 116 (85%) were admitted and 103 were discharged. The median admission duration was 4 days. From diagnosis, the median time interval to admit a severely ill patient was 1 day. Adults diagnosed by rapid molecular test, with extrapulmonary TB and transferred out of district, were less likely to be triaged.

Conclusion:

To reduce TB deaths, the losses in the care cascade should be reduced and the admission duration increased. The findings of this pilot exercise guided the eventual implementation starting 01 April 2022.
Nutrition Education in College Students Using Diffusion of Innovation Theory: An Interventional Study
Authors: Sehgal Gunika , Jain Swati
Published: February 2024

Objective:

To determine the consumption of nuts and oilseeds in college students and to enhance their awareness to improve the consumption through a nutrition education programme.

Materials and Methods:

An interventional study amongst the students of a college at the University of Delhi with the use of Diffusion of Innovation Theory.

Results:

There was a low consumption (<5 g/day) of nuts and oilseeds amongst 46% of participants with only 2.4% meeting the recommended intake (>30 g/day). Post-intervention, knowledge, attitude and most of the practices significantly improved (P < 0.05), with 11.3% consuming >30 g/day. Participants reached the decision phase of Diffusion of Innovation Theory favouring adoption, but only a few were implementing the recommended changes.

Conclusion:

There is a need to improve awareness and practice about nuts and oilseeds consumption in young college students.
COVID-19 Pandemic Challenges of Migrants and Vulnerable Population: Learnings for Future Epidemic Preparedness
Authors: Jha Ravi Ranjan , Jha Ajay Kumar , Shreshtha Samar , Rana Rishabh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Background:

During the COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdown, the migrant workers faced prejudice, fear and social exclusion, amongst other difficulties.

Materials and Methods:

Stratified random sampling was utilised to recruit 433 participants from an outpatient department screening clinic. Fear and knowledge of COVID-19 were measured with the Likert scale scores. The data were analysed using the Chi-square tests and logistic regression.
P
< 0.05 consirdered statistically significant.

Results:

Only 12.2% of participants possessed effective COVID-19 prevention knowledge. Working Professionals possessed superior knowledge to unskilled workers. Low knowledge scores and manual labour were associated with fear of COVID-19. For fear, the odds ratio (OR) was 5.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.35–11.51) and the adjusted OR (aOR) was 6. 8, 95% CI (2.7–17.2),
P
< 0.00.

Discussion:

Low levels of COVID-19 preventive knowledge indicate that the government’s Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign was ineffective. This could be because the campaign did not reach enough individuals, or because the information was ambiguous. As a consequence, COVID-19 prevention myths and false information circulated, making it challenging for people to protect themselves.

Conclusion:

The targeted and efficient IEC campaigns are required to tackle infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics. Public health specialists as well as clinicians should be trained in these efforts.
Multimorbidity among Pregnant Women in India: National and State-level Burden and Socio-demographic Variations
Authors: Malla Sreeharshita , Agiwal Varun , Chaudhuri Sirshendu
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

To estimate the national and state-level burden of multimorbidity in pregnancy in India and to assess the burden in different socio-demographic strata.

Methods:

The study utilised National Family Health Survey 5 data, focusing on pregnant women, and assessing eight morbidity conditions. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of at least two out of these conditions. Descriptive statistics were used to show the national and state wise burden of the condition and the distribution in different socio-demographic strata.

Results:

The authors analysed the data from 28,191 pregnancies, with participants having a mean age of 25.1 years (standard deviation 4.9 years). The prevalence of multimorbidity in pregnancy was found to be 13.7 per 1000 pregnant women, with notable regional variations. The North-Eastern states, such as Nagaland (67.3), Meghalaya (56.4), Mizoram (28.6) and Tripura (25.6), exhibited higher prevalence. Tribal population (23.9) and women in the poorest wealth index category (16.3) had higher prevalence.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of multimorbidity appears to be relatively low in the Indian context, although it is likely to be underestimated.
Epidemiology of Work Place Stress among Medical Educators in Pathanamthitta District, Kerala, India
Authors: Anil Hanna , Mohan Tisjy T. , Biju Feon , Saji Shalin , Gopal R. Krishna , Sebastian Shaliet R
Published: February 2024

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of workplace stress and its correlates amongst medical educators in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala.

Materials and Methods:

A study was conducted amongst medical teachers of both genders, in the age group of 20–70 years, in Pathanamthitta district, Central Kerala, from June 2022 to December 2022.

Results:

About 7.2% and 4.5% of the study participants experienced severe and potentially dangerous levels of stress. Age group, excessive additional duty, lack of research and personal growth opportunities, work–home conflict and lack of self-motivation were some of the risk factors for workplace stress amongst study participants.

Conclusion:

Workplace stress is prevalent amongst medical educators. Many variables that have emerged as risk factors of academic procrastination amongst study participants are modifiable.
Applicability of Spatial Technology in Cancer Research
Authors: Ahn Sangjeong , Lee Hye Seung
Published: February 2024

This review explores spatial mapping technologies in cancer research, highlighting their crucial role in understanding the complexities of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME, which is an intricate ecosystem of diverse cell types, has a significant impact on tumor dynamics and treatment outcomes. This review closely examines cutting-edge spatial mapping technologies, categorizing them into capture-, imaging-, and antibody-based approaches. Each technology was scrutinized for its advantages and disadvantages, factoring in aspects such as spatial profiling area, multiplexing capabilities, and resolution. Additionally, we draw attention to the nuanced choices researchers face, with capture-based methods lending themselves to hypothesis generation, and imaging/antibody-based methods that fit neatly into hypothesis testing. Looking ahead, we anticipate a scenario in which multi-omics data are seamlessly integrated, artificial intelligence enhances data analysis, and spatiotemporal profiling opens up new dimensions.
Corrosion Removing Compound for Aircraft Surfaces
Authors:   AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Published: February 2024

This specification establishes requirements for a corrosion-removing compound in the form of a liquid concentrate.