bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relations Between BMI Trajectories and Habitual Physical Activity Measured by a Smartwatch in the Electronic Cohort of the Framingham Heart Study: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hammond Michael M , Zhang Yuankai , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H. , Lin Honghuang , Sardana Mayank , Trinquart Ludovic , Benjamin Emelia J , Borrelli Belinda , Manders Emily S , Fusco Kelsey , Kornej Jelena , Spartano Nicole L , Kheterpal Vik , Nowak Christopher , McManus David D , Liu Chunyu , Murabito Joanne M
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of obesity is rising. Most previous studies that examined the relations between BMI and physical activity (PA) measured BMI at a single timepoint. The association between BMI trajectories and habitual PA remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study assesses the relations between BMI trajectories and habitual step-based PA among participants enrolled in the electronic cohort of the Framingham Heart Study (eFHS).

METHODS

We used a semiparametric group-based modeling to identify BMI trajectories from eFHS participants who attended research examinations at the Framingham Research Center over 14 years. Daily steps were recorded from the smartwatch provided at examination 3. We excluded participants with <30 days or <5 hours of smartwatch wear data. We used generalized linear models to examine the association between BMI trajectories and daily step counts.

RESULTS

We identified 3 trajectory groups for the 837 eFHS participants (mean age 53 years; 57.8% [484/837] female). Group 1 included 292 participants whose BMI was stable (slope 0.005; P=.75), group 2 included 468 participants whose BMI increased slightly (slope 0.123; P<.001), and group 3 included 77 participants whose BMI increased greatly (slope 0.318; P<.001). The median follow-up period for step count was 516 days. Adjusting for age, sex, wear time, and cohort, participants in groups 2 and 3 took 422 (95% CI –823 to –21) and 1437 (95% CI –2084 to –790) fewer average daily steps, compared with participants in group 1. After adjusting for metabolic and social risk factors, group 2 took 382 (95% CI –773 to 10) and group 3 took 1120 (95% CI –1766 to –475) fewer steps, compared with group 1.

CONCLUSIONS

In this community-based eFHS, participants whose BMI trajectory increased greatly over time took significantly fewer steps, compared with participants with stable BMI trajectories. Our findings suggest that greater weight gain may correlate with lower levels of step-based physical activity.
From the Cochrane Library: Interventions for Impetigo (Preprint)
Authors: Oganesyan Ani , Sivesind Torunn , Dellavalle Robert
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
The Myeloid-Kidney Interface in Health and Disease
Authors: Vlasschaert Caitlyn , Moran Sarah M. , Rauh Michael J.
Published: September 2021

Kidney homeostasis is highly dependent upon the correct functioning of myeloid cells. These cells form a distributed surveillance network throughout the kidney, where they play an integral role in the response to organ threat. Dysregulation of resident proinflammatory and profibrotic macrophages leads to kidney structural damage and scarring after kidney injury. Fibrosis throughout the kidney parenchyma contributes to the progressive functional decline observed in CKD, independent of the etiology. Circulating myeloid cells bearing intrinsic defects also affect the kidney substructures, such as neutrophils activated by autoantibodies that cause GN in ANCA-associated vasculitis. The kidney can also be affected by disorders of myelopoiesis, including myeloid leukemias (acute and chronic myeloid leukemias) and myelodysplastic syndromes. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is a common, newly recognized premalignant clinical entity characterized by clonal expansion of hyperinflammatory myeloid lineage cells that may have significant kidney sequelae. A number of existing therapies in CKD target myeloid cells and inflammation, including glucocorticoid receptor agonists and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The therapeutic indications for these and other myeloid cell-targeted treatments is poised to expand as our understanding of the myeloid-kidney interface evolves.
Evwie (Kola Nut) and its socio-religious values among Idjerhe people of Nigeria PEOPLE OF NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Religious Studies and Philosophy Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria, Ottuh Peter O. O.
Published: September 2021

The popular edible fruit called kola nut that is found all over the Earth is native to the people of West Africa. In Idjerhe (Jesse) culture, the kola nut is part of the people’s traditional religious activities and spirituality. The presentation, breaking, and eating of the kola nut signifies hospitality, friendship, love, mutual trust, manliness, peace, acceptance, happiness, fellowship, and communion with the gods and spirits. These socio-religious values of the kola nut among the Idjerhe people are not well documented,however, and this paper aims to fill the lacuna. It employs participatory observation and oral interviews, supported by a critical review of scholarly literature on the subject. The research posits that churches can use the kola nut as a Eucharistic element that would be meaningful and indigenous to the Idjerhe people.
Outcomes of patients with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma according to perioperative treatment strategy: a real-world, population-based study
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar
Published: September 2021

Aim:
To assess the survival outcomes of patients with nonmetastatic gastric cancer according to the type of perioperative treatment strategy used (surgery-only, adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, perioperative chemotherapy) in a population-based setting.
Materials & methods:
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results research-plus database was explored, and patients with nonmetastatic gastric cancer who were treated with an oncologic surgery were reviewed. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to examine the impact of treatment strategy on overall and cancer-specific survival.
Results:
A total of 11,526 patients were found to be eligible and they were included in the current analysis. Looking at the percentages of different treatment strategies throughout the study years (2006–2017), the use of the following strategies increased: adjuvant chemotherapy (20.1 vs 10.6%), and perioperative chemotherapy (21.3 vs 0.5%); while the use of the following strategies decreased: surgery only (36.2 vs 58.2%), and adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (22.4 vs 30.6%). Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, the following factors were associated with worse overall survival: older age (hazard [HR]: 1.021; 95% CI: 1.018–1.023), males (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04–1.14), Black race (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.19), cardia subsite (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17), grade 3–4 (HR:1.32; 95% CI: 1.25–1.40), diffuse histology (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.35–1.58), clinically node positive (HR:1.43; 95% CI: 1.34–1.53), total gastrectomy (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13–1.28), and surgery-only approach (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.55–1.75).
Conclusion:
Among patients with localized gastric cancer, patients who were treated with surgery-only, and to a less extent, patients who were treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy have worse survival outcomes; while those treated with perioperative chemotherapy have the best survival outcomes.
Importancia de Mario Molina en la educación en la Facultad de Química, UNAM
Authors: Trejo Candelas Luis-Miguel , Orrantia Cavazos José Ramón , Sánchez Graillet Luis Avelino , Bernal Pérez Rolando Javier
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo los autores abordamos la importancia del trabajo de Mario Molina sobre los CFC en la construcción de un nuevo modo de hacer ciencia, en la comunicación hacia diferentes actores científicos, políticos y sociales y para la construcción de una ciudadanía científica; relacionamos este caso con el surgimiento de las asignaturas sociohumanísticas en la Facultad de QUímica de la UNAM, y, en especial, hacia tres asignaturas: Ciencia y Sociedad, Filosofía de la Ciencia y Comunicación Científica. Concluimos que el trabajo de Mario Molina es director precursor de esta área en la Facultad.
“Testing of High-Performance Concrete using Recycled Aggregates”
Authors: Gaidhane Ms. Sakshi Harish
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Tons of waste is produced in the world on every day basis which sometimes gets really hard to manage and. The waste from demolished structures is one of them. Recycling waste consume energy and produces pollution that can lead to many adverse effects on the environment and human life. The disposal of waste is also very dangerous for the environment. Using waste materials like waste aggregates, broken bricks, stones and other material in concrete can help in eliminating the waste and save the environment getting polluted. It is also very much economical and encourages green concrete industry. The literature study consists of testing of high-performance concrete using waste aggregates by replacing 100 % natural aggregates. Also, silica fume and plasticizer are used as admixture to obtain more effective results. The tests were carried out on 3, 7 and 21 days of curing. The results were tallied using graphs between comparison of compressive strength and tensile strength of natural and recycled aggregates. The cement and natural aggregates and sand was obtained from a local store in a nearby market. The recycled aggregates were obtained from a nearby demolished building. The quantities were taken in a proper proportion according to IS codes to avoid any defects while constructing the cubes and while curing and performing various tests. Keywords: Recycled Aggregates, Natural Aggregates,Concrete Strength, High Performance Concrete, Properties of Concrete, Cost Effective
The relevance of pedigrees in the conservation genomics era.
Authors: Galla Stephanie , Brown Liz , Couch-Lewis Yvette , Cubrinovska Ilina , Eason Daryl , Gooley Rebecca , Hamilton Jill , Heath Julie , Hauser Samantha , Latch Emily , Matocq Marjorie , Richardson Anne , Wold Jana , Hogg Carolyn J. , Santure Anna , Steeves Tammy
Published: September 2021

Over the past 50 years conservation genetics has developed a substantive
toolbox to inform species management. One of the most long-standing
tools available to manage genetics - the pedigree - has been widely used
to characterize diversity and maximize evolutionary potential in
threatened populations. Now, with the ability to use high throughput
sequencing (HTS) to estimate relatedness, inbreeding, and genome-wide
functional diversity, some have asked whether it is warranted for
conservation biologists to continue collecting and collating pedigrees
for species management. In this perspective, we argue that pedigrees
remain a relevant tool, and when combined with genomic data, create an
invaluable resource for conservation genomic management. Genomic data
can address pedigree pitfalls (e.g., founder relatedness, missing data,
uncertainty), and in return robust pedigrees allow for more nuanced
research design, including well-informed sampling strategies and
quantitative analyses (e.g., heritability, linkage) to better inform
genomic inquiry. We further contend that building and maintaining
pedigrees provides an opportunity to strengthen trusted relationships
among conservation researchers, practitioners, Indigenous Peoples, and
local communities.

Keywords: conservation genomics, quantitative genetics,
pedigree, kinship,ex situ , in situ
Buenas prácticas de producción de cacao en comunidades víctimas del conflicto, Granada (Colombia).
Authors: Rodriguez Guevara Jessica Naiyuri , Ospina Ladino María Cristina
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este proyecto estuvo encaminado a poder contribuir como institución en el progreso de las comunidades víctimas del conflicto armado, que en décadas pasadas fueron obligadas a participar en la producción de cultivos ilícitos debido a las limitadas alternativas de ingreso en la zona; por ello el desarrollo de este proyecto tuvo lugar en la zona del medio Ariari, en el municipio de Granada del departamento del Meta donde la población beneficiaria tiene cultivo de cacao que no superan las cinco hectáreas por productor. Por lo anterior, se capacitaron a 50 personas de poblaciones víctimas del conflicto, campesinos y mujeres; en procesos como beneficio y transformación del cacao, buscando el fortalecimiento de esta cadena productiva debido a que es un producto apetecido para industrias de chocolates a nivel y el mercado exterior. Se diseñó una capacitación llamada “procesos productivos del cacao” que incluyó etapas desde la recolección de las mazorcas hasta la obtención de diferentes productos agroindustriales que generan ingresos a las familias campesinas y dinamizan la economía del sector. Esta capacitación fue subdividida en 6 subconferencias: Beneficio del cacao, transformación del cacao en chocolate de mesa, instalaciones de una planta de transformación de cacao, equipos necesarios en la transformación de cacao, obtención del licor de cacao y alternativas de agroindustrialización, donde se obtuvo una participación activa por parte de los cincuenta productores asistentes, gran aceptación y disposición en las temáticas impartidas, lo cual muestra el interés que genera este tipo de actividades para las poblaciones que contribuyen al desarrollo de la región.
Ultra-Rapid-Acting Insulins: How Fast Is Really Needed?
Authors: Wong Eva Y. , Kroon Lisa
Published: September 2021

Objective.

To review the new ultra-rapid-acting insulin analogs and describe the benefits and limitations compared with other bolus insulins.

The options for bolus insulins, which are usually taken at mealtime or for correction of hyperglycemia, are expanding, with recent approvals of faster-acting insulin aspart and insulin lispro-aabc. These new-generation insulins contain additives that enhance absorption and accelerate onset of action. Clinical studies demonstrate that, although these insulins are faster acting, their efficacy for A1C lowering and safety in terms of hypoglycemia risk are similar to those of other available bolus insulin options such as rapid-acting insulin analogs. However, their use resulted in significant reductions in 1- and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels.

Conclusion.

Novel ultra-rapid-acting insulins provide additional bolus insulin options, and their quick onset of action provides additional dosing flexibility for people with diabetes. Given their comparable efficacy and safety compared to other quick-acting insulins, health care providers should engage in shared decision-making with patients and their caregivers regarding possible use of ultra-rapid-acting insulin, taking into account their preferences, individualized considerations, and insurance formulary coverage. These new insulin formulations may be a suitable option for people with diabetes who are not able to achieve postprandial glycemic targets with other bolus insulins.
Factors Associated with Affective Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Ferrucci Silvia Mariel , Tavecchio Simona , Angileri Luisa , Surace Teresa , Berti Emilio , Buoli Massimiliano
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to detect demographic and clinical factors associated with affective symptoms and quality of life in patients with severe atopic dermatitis. First, one-way analyses of variance and correlations were performed to compare a large set of qualitative and quantitative clinical variables. Three final multivariable regression models were performed, with depression/anxiety subscales and Dermatology Life Quality Index scores as dependent variables, and the factors that were statistically significant on univariate analyses as independent ones. More severe anxiety symptoms and poorer quality of life (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Female sex and disturbed sleep (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with more severe anxiety. Finally, previous treatment with cyclosporine (p = 0.03) or methotrexate (p = 0.04), more severe depressive symptoms (p < 0.01), itch (p = 0.03), impaired sleep (p < 0.01) and perceived severity of dermatological illness (p < 0.01) were significant predictors of low quality of life. This study shows a complex interplay between the severity of atopic dermatitis, poor quality of life and presence of clinically relevant affective symptoms. These results will help dermatologists to identify patients who need psychiatric consultation within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach.
Experimental observation of the effect of pulse duration on optical properties in ultrafast laser micro-processing of polymers
Authors: Rahaman Arifur , Du Xinpeng , Kar Aravinda , Yu Xiaoming
Published: September 2021

Polymers are important materials for both industrial and scientific applications. However, it is challenging to efficiently process polymers with an ultrafast laser due to their low melting point, high bandgap, and different absorption mechanics with different laser parameters. It is common practice in industries to use different kinds of lasers and, therefore, different laser parameters, such as pulse duration, wavelength, pulse energy, etc. In particular, the effect of pulse duration during ultrafast laser interaction with polymers is significant as the absorption mechanism can be different with different pulse durations. In this study, the effect of pulse duration is investigated during the ultrafast laser interaction with transparent polypropylene (TPP), which is an important polymeric material widely used in many industrial applications. This study is based on the experimental measurement of the optical properties of TPP during ultrafast interaction, where optical properties, i.e., reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance, are determined by performing time-resolved measurements in single-pulse configurations. This experiment is carried out by collecting in situ data of the reflection and transmission of each laser pulse in an ellipsoidal reflector-based experimental setup, which enables the collection of both specular and diffusive reflection with nearly full coverage, and absorption is calculated from the experimental results. It is found that TPP undergoes a dramatic morphological change with different pulse durations ranging from 167 fs to 1 ps, which is correlated with the change of optical properties during the ultrafast laser interaction with TPP for different pulse durations. This result will be useful for controlling the processing of polymers with ultrafast lasers for industrial applications.
Internasjonal politikk og arven etter 11. september
Authors: Stormoen Ole Martin , Augestad Knudsen Rita
Published: September 2021

I dette fokusnummeret ser vi tilbake på utviklingen på noen utvalgte områder innenfor internasjonal politikk (temaet) og Internasjonal Politikk (faget) i løpet av de 20 årene som har gått siden 11. september, 2001. Dette innledningsessayet presenterer de fire bidragene som belyser hvert sitt konkrete tema: bruken av narrativer i internasjonal politikk, faget Internasjonal Politikk, forholdet mellom USA og Russland, og folkeretten. Essayet tar et skritt tilbake og ser på helheten i arven fra 11. september og krigen mot terror som fulgte, med fokus på internasjonal politikk og internasjonal sikkerhet. I tillegg gir essayet et overblikk over de målbare kostnadene knyttet til krigen mot terror, status for krigen i dag, og status for fienden man har kjempet mot de siste 20 årene. Angrepene og responsen på dem gikk naturlig nok også på bekostning av noe, og visket ut andre, alternative handlingsforløp. Dette essayet beskriver noen av disse tapte mulighetene, og belyser også utfordring med å gjøre opp et «regnskap» 20 år etter 11. september-angrepene.
Abstract in English:International Politics and the Legacy of 9/11This special issue looks back at the developments within international relations since the terrorist attacks on 9/11, 2001, with a particular focus on four specific themes: the use of strategic narratives in international relations, International Relations as academic discipline, US-Russian relations, and international law. This introductory essay present the four contributions to the issue, while also zooming out to present a panoramic view of the many legacies of the 9/11 attacks and the subsequent War on Terror that were to make an imprint on both international relations and international security in general. The essay presents the measurable costs associated with the War on Terror, its current status, as well as that for the enemy against which the two-decades long campaign has been fought. The 9/11 attacks and the forceful response resulted in other potential opportunities being passed up or neglected, making it difficult to chart the actual cost of the war. Finally, the essay examines the difficulty in arriving at an agreed-upon metric for assessing whether the war has been a success.
A PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA PROPOSTA DE ENSINO POR INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE O CONTEÚDO “ARTRÓPODOS PEÇONHENTOS”
Authors: Lima Pantaleão (in memoriam) Dilene de , Dias Vasconcelos Simão
Published: September 2021

O ensino por investigação baseia-se na construção de competências associadas à pesquisa científica, com definição de problema, registro de dados, análise e interpretação de resultados, a partir da realidade do estudante. Relatamos aqui um estudo desenvolvido no ensino médio de uma escola pública do sertão pernambucano, por meio da construção e validação de uma sequência de ensino investigativa (SEI), tendo como tema gerador “Artrópodos Peçonhentos”. Os estudantes vivenciaram etapas de uma pesquisa científica, desde a elaboração do projeto até a produção textual e apresentação pública dos resultados. Visando nortear o docente sintetizamos a SEI em seis etapas: i) Apresentação do projeto e contextualização teórica, ii) Construção de competências em pesquisa, iii) Elaboração dos Planos de Pesquisa, iv) Execução da pesquisa, v) Produção do relatório científico, e vi) Socialização do conhecimento. Os estudantes realizaram pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, e também levantamento, por meio de entrevista com a comunidade extraescolar. Consideramos a SEI exitosa, por ter promovido o protagonismo e a aproximação discentes com a apropriação de saberes sobre artrópodos peçonhentos pela população e por profissionais especializados, contribuindo no fomento a competências previstas para o ensino médio.
ANÁLISE DA EXPERIÊNCIA REMOTA E USO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA NA EJA
Authors: Artuzi Dayane , Fernandes da Fonseca Voltolini Ana Graciela Mendes , Serafim Bertoloto José
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta dados de pesquisa sobre o uso de metodologias ativas, como a “sala de aula invertida”, durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) para o ensino de língua inglesa na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). O objetivo do estudo foi compreender a respeito da plataforma designada para a mediação das aulas, a metodologia ativa escolhida e o contexto de ensino remoto. A pesquisa foi aplicada em escola pública no município de Primavera do Leste/MT, investigando duas turmas de Ensino Médio. Como técnica para o levantamento de dados, adotou-se a observação participante e a aplicação de questionários estruturados como instrumento para a coleta, utilizando a ferramenta Google Forms e disseminados por grupos de WhatsApp das turmas. Os dados foram analisados com base em autores que investigam a prática da sala de aula invertida e o uso de Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). Sobre os resultados, com relação as condições técnicas, o acesso à internet e dispositivos com configurações mínimas representam dificuldades no processo, quanto a metodologia, fomentar o uso das TDIC, a dependência do professor na realização das atividades e a autonomia são aspectos que demonstram a necessidade de serem intensificados em propostas futuras.
Modeling throttle bridge measuring transducers of physical-mechanical parameters of Newtonian fluids
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pistun Ye. P. , Matiko H. F. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Krykh H. B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Matiko F. D. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2021

The paper proposes a measuring transducer of the physical-mechanical parameters of a Newtonian fluid based on a throttle bridge measuring diagram with identical turbulent and laminar throttles in opposite arms. A mathematical model is built for the throttle bridge transducer of the combined parameter, which depends on the kinematic viscosity and density of the fluid. The problem of parametric optimization of the proposed measuring transducer is formulated and analytically solved in the paper. The authors calculated the transform function of the measuring transducer of the combined parameter of jet fuel.
The extended nonsymmetric block Lanczos methods for solving large-scale differential Lyapunov equations
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University, Sadek L. , Talibi Alaoui H. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we present a new approach for solving large-scale differential Lyapunov equations. The proposed approach is based on projection of the initial problem onto an extended block Krylov subspace by using extended nonsymmetric block Lanczos algorithm then, we get a low-dimensional differential Lyapunov matrix equation. The latter differential matrix equation is solved by the Backward Differentiation Formula method (BDF) or Rosenbrock method (ROS), the obtained solution allows to build a low-rank approximate solution of the original problem. Moreover, we also give some theoretical results. The numerical results demonstrate the performance of our approach.
Image restoration and contrast enhancement based on a nonlinear reaction-diffusion mathematical model and divide & conquer technique
Authors:   Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Information Systems, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University of Mohammed First, Alaa K. , Atounti M. ,   Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Information Systems, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University of Mohammed First, Zirhem M. ,   Laboratory LAMAI, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University
Published: September 2021

In this article, we present a new algorithm for digital image processing noised by mixed Gaussian-impulse noise. Our mathematical model is based on the divide-conquer technique coupled with a reaction-diffusion system. We first decompose our image into low and high-frequency components by convolving each with a predefined convolutional filter. Further, we use a simple scheme of different weights to integrate and collect these processed sub-images into a filtered image. Finally, we apply our Reaction-Diffusion system to increase the contrast in the image. A number of experimental results are described to illustrate the performance of our algorithm and show that it is very effective in eliminating mixed Gaussian-impulse noise, increasing the contrast of the image and preserving the edges.
Japanese Language Students' Perceptions on Online Nihongo Partner Program
Authors:   APB UiTM Shah Alam, Tan Abdullah Nur Anisah , Choong Pow Yean ,   APB UiTM Shah Alam, Shaharuddin G. Sharina ,   APB UiTM Shah Alam, Abdul Rashid Nor Rasimah ,   APB UiTM Shah Alam
Published: September 2021

The pandemic that hit in early 2020 has caused face-to-face Nihongo Partner Program to be postponed. As a result, Japanese language lecturers in a public university have come out with an online program to be utilized by students who are learning Japanese and also Japanese students who will be participating in the practical training in teaching Japanese. A study using a quantitative approach was conducted once the program ended. 465 students who participated in the program responded to the survey. The survey questions which consisted of two parts were answered by the respondents. Part A questions related to the background of the respondents while part B has five components which includes (i) respondent reaction during the program, (ii) respondent reaction before the program,(iii) respondent reaction during the program, (iv) respondent reaction after the program, (v) comments and suggestions for improvement. In components i-iv, respondents have to choose five likert scales, while component (v) requires respondents to provide comments and suggestions in written form. The questions of the survey are to answer (1) respondents’ perceptions of this program, (2) strengths and weaknesses of this program, (3) improvements that can be made for the future program. The results of the study found that most of the students agreed that the online NP Program (1) is positive and can be utilized for learning Japanese, (2) improves speaking skills with the correct pronunciation and intonation, increases confidence to speak in Japanese either with Japanese people or classmates, providing an opportunity for respondents to use Japanese language. However, (3) some respondents expressed a fear of making mistakes with the presence of native speakers. From the survey a total of 19 suggestions and improvements were given by the respondents.
A theoretical study of (9, 0) Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes using quantum mechanical techniques
Authors: Sharma Deepa , Jaggi Neena
Published: September 2021

First principles simulation studies using the density functional theory have been performed on (9, 0) Zigzag Singlewalled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) to investigate its electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties using CASTEP (Cambridge Sequential Total Energy Package) and DFTB (Density Functional based Tight Binding) modules of the Material Studio Software version 7.0. Various functionals and sub-functionals available in the CASTEP Module (using Pulay Density Mixing treatment of electrons) and various eigen-solvers and smearing schemes available in the DFTB module (using smart algorithm) have been tried out to chalk out the electronic structure. The analytically deduced values of the band gap obtained were compared with the experimentally determined value reported in the literature. By comparison, combination of Anderson smearing scheme and standard diaogonalizer produced best results in DFTB module while in the CASTEP module, GGA (General Gradient approximation) functional with RPBE (Revised-perdew-Burke-Ernzerh) as Sub-functional was found to be the most consistent. These optimized parameters were then used to determine various electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of (9, 0) Singlewalled Nanotube. (9, 0) Singlewalled Nanotube, which is extensively being used for sensing NH3, CH4 & NO2, has been picked up in particular as it is reported to exhibit a finite energy band gap in contrast to its expected metallic nature. The study is of utmost significance as it not only probes and validates the simulation route for predicting suitable properties of nanomaterials but also throws light on the comparative efficacy of the different approximation and rationalization quantum mechanical techniques used in simulation studies.
A Széchenyi István Egyetem nemzetköziesítése a világjárvány előtt és után
Authors: Filep Bálint , Lukács Eszter
Published: September 2021

A tanulmány fő célja a Széchenyi István Egyetem példáján keresztül bemutatni, hogy milyen prioritásokat érdemes szem előtt tartania a hazai felsőoktatási intézményeknek – különösen a nem fővárosi, orvostudományi karral és kialakult nemzetközi hallgatói közösséggel (kolóniával) nem rendelkező egyetemeknek – a nemzetköziesítési folyamatuk során. A hazai felsőoktatási intézmények nemzetköziesítési stratégiájuk megfogalmazásakor a világgazdasági trendekkel összhangban a „keleti nyitás” gazdaságpolitikájához alkalmazkodtak, azaz angol nyelvű képzéseiken elsősorban az ázsiai – főként kínai – hallgatók toborzására összpontosítottak. Az ázsiai/kínai hallgatók megszerzéséért folyó verseny erősödése (többek között az ázsiai felsőoktatási intézmények látványos fejlődése miatt) és az Ázsiából/Kínából származó hallgatók számának pandémia utáni anticipált csökkenése – a nemzetköziesítési folyamataikban – kihívások elé állítja a hazai felsőoktatási intézményeket, különösen azok fentebb említett csoportját, amelybe a Széchenyi István Egyetem is tartozik. A győri Egyetem a nemzetközi felsőoktatási rangsorokon történő megjelenés és feljebb jutás, a branding (kiemelkedő ipari kapcsolatok), a képzések nemzetközi akkreditációja és impozáns, grandiózus infrastrukturális beruházások révén törekszik a kihívásokra választ adni.
A tudás- és innovációmenedzsment hatása a szervezeti teljesítményre
Authors: Hegyesné Görgényi Éva , Jeyakumar Nathan Robert , Xin Yi Chin , Vijay Victor , Gonda György , Farkasné Fekete Mária
Published: September 2021

Az utóbbi évtizedekben a tudás nem csupán a vállalatok életében vált stratégiai erőforrássá, hanem mára már meghatározó szerepet tölt be az élet különböző területein, legyen szó oktatásról, innovációról, különböző fejlesztési folyamatokról és ezáltal magáról a gazdasági növekedésről. Habár a téma nemzetközi szinten már régen bekerült a köztudatba, jelentőségét és szükségességét még sok esetben hangsúlyozni kell. Jelen tanulmány fő célkitűzése, hogy bemutassa a tudás- és innovációmenedzsment azon dimenzióit és folyamatait, amelyek hatással vannak a vállalatok pénzügyi és nem pénzügyi teljesítményére. Az elemzés 300 Malajziában működő nagyvállalattól összegyűjtött adatokon alapul. Az eredmények igazolják, hogy a mintában szereplő vállalatok nagy arányban alkalmazzák a tanulmányban ismertetett folyamatokat, és ezek jelentős hatással vannak a szervezeti teljesítményre, akár a pénzügyi, akár a nem pénzügyi teljesítményt vizsgáljuk. Az eredmények emellett hozzájárulnak a szervezeti teljesítmény magasabb szintű megértéséhez és új kutatási irányok kijelöléséhez is.
Az önvezető autók és a magyar nők
Authors: Lukovics Miklós , Gábor Brigitta
Published: September 2021

Az önvezető autók jelenlegi ismereteink szerint extrém módon fogják felforgatni minden civilizációban élő ember napi életvitelét és több évtizedes megszokásait. Annak ellenére, hogy az önvezető autók technológiai fejlesztése már az utolsó teszt fázisban van, az emberiség felkészültsége a technológia fogadására ettől jelentősen elmarad. Ráadásul a társadalmi megítélés nemek szerint korántsem homogén: a fejlett országokban a nők szignifikánsan elutasítóbbak az önvezető autókkal kapcsolatban, ami lassíthatja vagy akár veszélyeztetheti az önvezető technológia piaci elterjedését. Tanulmányunk célja, hogy feltárja a magyar nők önvezető autókkal kapcsolatos attitűdjének tipikus mintázatait és azok mögöttes tendenciáit, valamint ezek ismeretében javaslatokat fogalmazzon meg. Eredményeink rámutatnak arra, hogy az önvezető autók innovációs folyamatába integrálni kell társadalomtudományi aspektusokat is, különös tekintettel a markáns jellegzetességet öltő szegmensek sajátosságaira.
Foreign Direct Investment in China and the Sino-US Trade Imbalance
Authors: Shi Jiandong
Published: September 2021

As economic globalization is deepening, a new international division of labor emerges, which is, to a large extent, realized in the form of FDI. Sino-US trade is in the state of fast development, and foreign direct investment in China also goes through large-scale expansion in the meantime. With its huge market potential, broad development prospects and increasingly improved investment environment, China has attracted an increasing number of foreign investors to invest in China, thus China is gradually becoming a great power utilizing foreign investment. Foreign-funded enterprises in China play a significant role in the import and export trade between China and the United States and the development of Sino-US trade. The rapid growth of China-US trade is largely benefited by the rapid development of foreignfunded enterprises in China. In the long run, foreign direct investment in China has a great impact on Sino-US import and export trade. In this paper, the correlation between the volumes of foreign investments in China during the period between 1983-2019 and the Sino-US import and export trade is analyzed, and based on the co-integration relationship between foreign direct investment in China and the Sino-US import and export trade, it comes to a conclusion that foreign direct investment in China plays a catalytic role in both import and export trade between China and the United States, that is, foreign direct investment has a stimulating effect on Sino-US import and export trade, resulting in China’s ever-expanding trade surplus with the United States.
A győri bencés gimnázium működése a II. világháború végétől 1949-ig
Authors: Sárai-Szabó Kelemen , Fekete Dávid
Published: September 2021

A második világháború befejeztét követően az ország mindinkább sodródott a szovjet befolyás erősödése és a kommunista pártállam kiépülése felé. A koalíciós éveket követően 1948-tól teljesen világossá vált, hogy az ország társadalmi, politikai- és gazdasági berendezkedését a szovjet mintára kiépülő kommunista diktatúra és az azt fenntartó nomenklatúra által meghatározott keretek fogják megszabni. Az új kommunista hatalom a társadalom- és a gazdaság minden szegmensét irányítása alá akarta hajtani, amihez szükséges volt a társadalmi intézmények- és a teljes gazdaság államosítására, valamint a javak kollektivizálására. Az új vallásellenes és ateista államhatalom fő ellenségnek a különböző felekezeteket és egyházakat jelölte meg, amelyek anyagi és szellemi javai minél hamarabb kisajátítandók, eszmei értékei elpusztítandók. 1948 nyarán megtörtént az ország oktatási intézményeinek jelentős hányadát kitévő egyházi fenntartású iskolák államosítása, új állami tantervek kidolgozása, amely folyamatnak a győri bencés gimnázium is áldozatul esett. 1948 szeptemberében az intézmény Állami Czuczor Gergely Általános Gimnázium néven kezdte meg a tanévet és lett két évig ezáltal a város egyik szekularizált oktatási intézményévé. A tanulmány elsősorban levéltári források alapján, hiánypótló módon bemutatja a gimnázium államosításának fő mozzanatait és az 1948/1949-es első „államosított” tanévet. A győri gimnázium példájából fel tudjuk vázolni azokat a bel- és kultúrpolitikai technikákat, melyeket a pártállam az egyházak visszaszorításában és intézményeik, javaik államosítása során alkalmazott. A két tanév a gimnázium történetének is fontos időszaka, hiszen 1948 nyarán úgy tűnt, hogy a bencések végleg elhagyják az intézményt és vele együtt Győrt, de a későbbi események másképpen alakították a történelem pályáját és 1950 szeptemberében visszatértek a bencések ősi intézményükbe.
„Puha” és „kemény” diktatúra – a Kádár-korszak szakaszai és a győri bencés gimnázium diáksága az 1970-es években : „Senkit hátrány nem érhet amiatt, hogy egyházi iskolába jár, vagy gyermekét oda járatja.”
Authors: Barkó Gábor Ágoston
Published: September 2021

A tanulmány először a magyar katolikus közoktatás, majd a győri Czuczor Gergely Bencés Gimnázium és Kollégium 1950-től a rendszerváltásig terjedő történetét, működésének kereteit ismerteti. A vizsgálódás fókuszában az 1970-es évek állnak. A szerző ezt három jelenségkör vizsgálatán keresztül mutatja be: (1) az intézménybe jelentkező diákok számának, (2) földrajzi származásának és (3) társadalmi hátterének változásán keresztül. Forrásként a győri bencés gimnázium igazgatói irattárában található anyakönyveket, törzslapokat és tantestületi értekezleti jegyzőkönyveket használta fel. Utóbbiakhoz – sokszor, de nem mindig – csatolták a félév végi, év végi létszámalakulást és tanulmányi statisztikákat. A változások okait egyrészt a köztörténetre vonatkozó szakirodalom segítségével, másrészt hivatalos és nem hivatalos iskolai dokumentumokból nyert információk felhasználásával, harmadrészt idősebb szerzetestársaktól nyert adatok alapján, negyedrészt (mint az intézmény öregdiákja) saját tapasztalatai segítségével próbálta megvilágítani. A három tényező változását vizsgálva jól kirajzolódnak a diktatúra (1950-1990) idejének belső korszakhatárai (puhulás és bekeményítés), majd a ’70-es évek végétől, a ’80-as évek elejétől a magyar társadalom lelki igényei.
Játék a jövőért : Az információbiztonsági tudatosság fejlesztési lehetősége egy gamifikált applikáció segítségével
Authors: Legárd Ildikó
Published: September 2021

Az információbiztonsági tudatosság napjainkban egyre nagyobb jelentőséggel bír. Már régóta közhelynek számít, hogy az információbiztonság területén a humán faktor, tehát a felhasználó maga a leggyengébb láncszem. Hiába védjük rendszereinket a legmodernebb és legerősebb fizikai és logikai védelmi intézkedésekkel, ha az elektronikus információs rendszereket használók nem tartanak lépést a technológiai fejlődéssel, illetve nem kellően tudatosak és elővigyázatosak a rendszerek használata során. A felhasználók digitális és információbiztonsági tudásának, kompetenciáinak fejlesztésére a tudatosítási programok nyújtják a leghatékonyabb megoldást. Számos vizsgálat megerősíti azt a tényt, hogy a tudatosítás módszerei közül azok a technikák bizonyulnak a leghatékonyabbnak, amelyek gyakorlatias, élményszerű tanulási lehetőséget biztosítanak a felhasználók számára. Egyetlen magyar nyelvű tudatosító applikációként, a 9-13 éves korosztály számára fejlesztett Mongu for Teen sikeressége is bizonyítja, hogy egy gamifikált alkalmazás képes pozitív irányba befolyásolni a felhasználók biztonságtudatosságát. A tanulmány végén ajánlásként megfogalmazásra és bemutatásra kerül egy olyan magyar nyelvű tudatosító applikáció, a „Célpont vagy” terve, amely tartalma és felépítése szempontjából a legfrissebb tudományos eredményekre, valamint a már működő applikációk tapasztalataira támaszkodik, és alkalmas lehet a társadalom széles körű, élményszerű tudatosítására.
Radicalización ideológico-política y terrorismo: un enfoque psicosocial
Authors: Torres-Marín Jorge , Navarro-Carrillo Ginés , Dono Marcos , Trujillo Humberto Manuel
Published: September 2021

La radicalización ideológico-política y el terrorismo generan una serie de consecuencias desastrosas para el correcto funcionamiento de una sociedad. Actualmente, situaciones de convulsión social consecuencia de la crisis económica y migratoria, así como el terrorismo de corte ideológico-religioso, están ocasionando un aumento de la polarización y la radicalización ideológico-política. El planteamiento de intervenciones preventivas eficaces para atajar estos procesos requiere de un estudio sistemático y multidisciplinar en el que la psicología social debe ostentar un papel central. El objetivo del presente trabajo es hacer una propuesta comprensiva de corte conceptual que permita ordenar los procesos psicosociales que subyacen a la radicalización violenta de grupos con ideologías políticas extremistas. Concretamente, se pretende poner de manifiesto la idoneidad de analizar un conjunto de variables psicosociales que desempeñan un papel esencial en el equilibrio personal del individuo, en relación con el reclutamiento de terroristas, así como con el mantenimiento funcional de grupos radicalizados. Asimismo, y en respuesta a la necesidad de considerar nuevas perspectivas de investigación en el estudio del fenómeno terrorista, se examina el papel de la victimización y victimización competitiva, encontrándose suficientes argumentos teóricos como para recomendar la incorporación de dichos constructos en futuras investigaciones.
Fortalezas Humanas y Bienestar Biopsicosocial: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Ovejero Bruna María Mercedes , Cardenal Hernáez Violeta , Ortiz-Tallo Margarita
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo presenta una revisión sistemática sobre las fortalezas psicológicas propuestas por el modelo Values in Action (VIA) y su relación con el bienestar, la satisfacción vital, la felicidad, la resiliencia y la salud en diferentes poblaciones. Los resultados de la revisión de 47 estudios permiten concluir que las fortalezas psicológicas están relacionadas positivamente con la satisfacción vital, el bienestar, la felicidad, la resiliencia y la salud, y en menor medida con indicadores de afecto negativo. Estos resultados son similares en distintos contextos y en diversos grupos de edad. Se discuten los hallazgos de los diversos estudios y se proponen implicaciones y perspectivas futuras del estudio y del desarrollo de las fortalezas psicológicas en los individuos, en los grupos y en la sociedad en general.
Use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change
Authors: Ruiu Maria Laura , Ragnedda Massimo
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change between 1988 and 2016. It is based on the analysis of eight newspapers and their Sunday and online versions (Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, The Daily Express, The Sun, The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent). We used the keywords “climate / climatic change”, “warm / warming” and “greenhouse / greenhouse effect” to retrieve the articles from the Nexis / Lexis database. To identify the articles with a specific focus on climate change, we included only those containing the keywords in the headline (9789 items). Framing theory helps interpret the process of construction of the “threat” through science by showing a tendency towards scientific consensus for the centre / left-leaning newspapers, and an instrumental use of consensus for the centre-right. These findings are useful for both scientists and policymakers interested in understanding how climate narratives can promote delay in action on climate change.
Characterization of recessed vulvas in dogs
Authors: Palerme Jean-Sébastien , Zellner Eric , Leonard Sara , Viall Austin K. , Berger Darren J.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of vulvar recession in a large population of dogs and to compare the reproductive and physical differences between dogs with and without recessed vulvas.

ANIMALS

250 female dogs presenting to a tertiary referral institution.

PROCEDURES

Female dogs > 6 months of age presenting to a tertiary referral institution were enrolled. At enrollment, a full medical history was obtained with particular emphasis on the presence of lower urinary tract (LUT) disease in the 3 months prior to presentation. All dogs underwent a full physical examination including perivulvar cytologic examination and scoring of the degree of perivulvar skin coverage on the basis of an 8-point scale. Dogs with scores of ≥ 7 were classified as having recessed vulvas. When available, urinalysis data were also included.

RESULTS

Recessed vulvas were identified in 36 of 250 (14%) dogs. Dogs with recessed vulvas had significantly higher body condition scores and body weights than unaffected dogs. In addition, recessed vulvas were more common in spayed than sexually intact dogs. Dogs spayed at ≤ 1 year of age were almost 3 times as likely to have vulvar recession, compared with dogs spayed at > 1 year of age. No significant difference was identified between affected and unaffected dogs with respect to the prevalence of LUT signs, urinary tract infections, or perivulvar dermatitis.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Although recessed vulvas were relatively common in dogs, they did not appear to be associated with an increased risk of LUT disease or perivulvar dermatitis.