bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solving the mysteries of urate transport: structural insights into GLUT9 and URAT1
Authors: Wang Mei , Xu Shujing , Shi Xiaoyu , da Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira , Zhan Peng
Published: October 2024

Recent groundbreaking advances in the structural biology of the glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) and urate transporter 1 (URAT1) have provided critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying urate recognition and transport. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), researchers have elucidated the structures of these transporters at high resolution, thus revealing their substrate preferences and interactions with inhibitors. Several studies have highlighted the potential of specific inhibitors, such as apigenin for GLUT9, and have demonstrated the role of chloride-mediated inhibition in URAT1 function. These findings provide an excellent starting point for developing targeted therapies for hyperuricemia and gout, to enable the design of more effective and selective drugs in the future.
Land suitability evaluation for duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.) cv. Sumber in Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Murrinie Endang Dewi , Anwar Khairul , Fairuzia Fazat , Arini Nindya , Krestiani Veronica , Yuliani Farida , Imanuddin Muhamad
Published: October 2024

Duku (Lansium domesticum) is an endemic plant in Indonesia with various benefits and distinctive tastes that many people favor. Duku originating from Kudus is known as Duku Sumber, one of the five superior duku varieties. The problem encountered today is the decreasing number of Duku Sumber plants due to land use change, and there has been no effort to increase the plant population. Information on land suitability as a basis for developing crops does not yet exist, so data about land suitability will be used as information on the wider distribution of planting areas in Kudus. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability and land use of Duku Sumber plants in the Kudus Regency. Geographic information systems and matching methods were applied to map the distribution of land suitability for Duku Sumber. The results showed that the potential and actual land suitability class for Duku Sumber are very suitable (S1) and quite suitable (S2) for the Jekulo, Hadipolo, Tenggeles, Golantepus, and Megawon areas, while the slightly suitable (S3) are Klaling, Ngembalrejo, Mejobo and Jati Wetan. The availability of nutrients (na) for nitrogen and potassium is the dominant limiting factor in this area. Nitrogen content in Jati Wetan (0.12%), Klaling (0.19%), and Hadiwarno (0.19%), while potassium content in Ngembalrejo (16.47 ppm) and Mejobo (18.57 ppm). Limitations in this area can be overcome by adding nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to become suitable land.
Exploring soil erodibility: integrating field surveys, laboratory analysis, and geospatial techniques in sloping agricultural terrains
Authors: Soniari Ni Nengah , Trigunasih Ni Made , Sumarniasih Made Sri , Saifulloh Moh
Published: October 2024

The escalating trend of land degradation poses a significant challenge, especially in sloping agricultural terrains, driven by the increasing global demand for food and the limited availability of flat arable land. In response to these challenges, farmers are compelled to shift their focus towards cultivating sloping terrains. This research aimed to employ a comprehensive methodology that integrates on-site field surveys, meticulous laboratory soil analyses, and geospatial data for mapping soil erodibility. The parameters under scrutiny encompass various crucial aspects, including soil texture (ranging from coarse sand to very fine sand, silt, and clay), soil structure, organic matter content, and permeability. The meticulous examination of these factors serves as the foundation for calculating soil erodibility, utilizing the well-established Wischmeir and Smith formula developed in 1978. The research findings present a nuanced understanding of soil erodibility in the study location, revealing a spectrum spanning low to very high erodibility. Specific units, such as Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 7, Unit 9, Unit 10, Unit 13, and Unit 16, exhibit very low to low erodibility. In contrast, Unit 4, Unit 6, Unit 14, and Unit 15 showcase moderate erodibility, while units like Unit 5, Unit 8, Unit 11, Unit 12, Unit 17, and Unit 18 are characterized by moderately high to very high erodibility. These insightful results shed light on the diverse erodibility levels within the studied locations and provide valuable guidance for formulating sustainable land management practices.
Extent and drivers of land productivity degradation at the territorial level in Eastern DR Congo
Authors: Nteranya Jean Nacishali , Kiplagat Andrew , Ucakuwun Elias K , Nzabandora Chantal Kabonyi
Published: October 2024

Land degradation is a global environmental problem that affects the livelihoods of communities. Understanding the extent and causative factors of this phenomenon is important to design the cause-targeted strategies to cope with this problem. This study aimed to assess the effects of biophysical and socio-economic factors on the occurrence of land productivity degradation at the territorial level in Eastern DR Congo, using the Kalehe territory as a case study. The land productivity dynamics were determined based on the trend analysis of Landsat-based NDVI annual composites over the 1987-2020 period. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was developed to identify the determinant factors and to map the susceptibility of this degradation at the territorial level. The results revealed that 31.25% (1303.175 km2) of the territory had experienced a decrease in land productivity, with 10.8% (453.83 km2) characterized by a significant decrease at the confidence level of 90%, representing the hotspots area of land productivity degradation where conservation actions should be prioritized. This decrease in land productivity is location-specific as it depends on the land cover types and health zones. It is likely to occur at high altitudes, in areas close to artisanal mining sites, rivers, and administrative centers. These results imply that policy interventions to cope with the problem of land productivity degradation should be developed following the heterogeneity of the landscape, and sustainable land management practices that take into account both the biophysical and socio-economic drivers of land degradation should be implemented in this region to achieve the land degradation neutrality by 2030.
Improving sugarcane productivity on marginal soil in Takalar, Indonesia, through the application of sugarcane factory waste
Authors: Safitri Wina , Ala Ambo , Gusli Sikstus , Salim Iqbal
Published: October 2024

Marginal soil with low nutrient content is a crucial problem in reducing crop productivity, including sugarcane. This study aimed to elucidate the possible improvement of the physical and chemical properties of marginal soil through the application of organic waste from sugar factories, namely kettle ash and press mud. Nine treatment combinations of 0, 10, and 20 t ha-1 of each kettle ash and press mud were arranged in a two-factor randomized factorial design with three replications. Soil organic matter, N, P, and K, soil aggregate stability, and sugarcane productivity were measured after planting sugarcane for five months. The results showed that the application of kettle ash and press mud, especially with a ratio of 20 t ha-1 kettle ash and 10 t ha-1 press mud, was able to reduce the leaching of organic matter and improve sugarcane growth, particularly increasing the number of tillers by 16%, stem height by 14%, and diameter by 16%. The sugarcane productivity obtained was 58.02 t ha-1. Other portions of kettle ash and press mud did not have a favorable effect on sugarcane productivity. This study provided practical insights for increasing agricultural productivity, especially in sugarcane plantations.
Surface deformation and its implications for land degradation after the 2021 Flores earthquake (M7.4) using differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Purba Joshua , Harisma Harisma , Priadi Ramadhan , Amelia Rosa , Dwilyantari Anak Agung Istri , Jaya Laode Muhammad Golok , Restele La Ode , Putra I Made Wahyu Gana
Published: October 2024

On December 14, 2021, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 originated from the Flores Sea, impacting Kalaotoa Island in Indonesia, resulting in significant structural damage. Macroseismic observations at the site classified that there were 120 buildings slightly damaged, 108 buildings moderately damaged, and 201 buildings heavily damaged. The shakemap shows that Kalaotoa Island experienced VI-VII MMI shaking. The results of the field survey showed many indications of subsidence as many fractures were found in Kalaotoa Island. This study employed Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) to quantify land subsidence and uplift in Kalaotoa Island before and after the earthquake. Sentinel-1A satellite radar data from December 2 and December 14, 2021, were analyzed. The results revealed subsidence of up to 12 cm in Garaupa Raya Village and uplift of up to ±10 cm in Lembang Mate’ne Village. Approximately 50.50% of Kalaotoa Island experienced subsidence (39.4 km²), primarily in Garaupa Village (18.85 km²), while 49.02% of the island experienced uplift (38.2 km²), mostly in Lembang Mate’ne Village (19.03 km²). This spatial analysis underscores the efficacy of DInSAR in detecting and mapping surface deformation, offering critical insights for earthquake preparedness, mitigation efforts for impacted landscape topography, stability soils, structure of ecosystems, and infrastructure resilience.
Lead (Pb) removal from gold mining-impacted water utilizing palm oil fuel ash (POFA)
Authors: Heraningsih Sarah Fiebrina , Rainiyati Rainiyati , Riduan Ahmad , Viareco Hariestya , Jasminarni Jasminarni , Novita Trias
Published: October 2024

Mining, particularly gold mining, is a lucrative industry. However, it poses significant environmental risks, such as releasing heavy metal elements into the soil and water. After gold mines are exhausted, whether they are small or large scale, the excavated sites often need to be repaired. This situation has led to a global concern regarding the presence of heavy metals from mining activities, which are known to be carcinogenic and harmful to living organisms. The concentration of heavy metals in these areas often surpasses safety limits, necessitating advanced treatment methods for their removal, especially lead (Pb) compounds from gold mining waste. One effective treatment method is the adsorption process. This study examined POFA's inherent capacity to remove lead from water contaminated by gold mining without modification. This method was preferred due to its high efficiency and cost-effective option for removing heavy metal compounds. According to the experiment's results, the largest adsorption capacity of 0.816 mg/g was followed by the greatest removal efficiency of 91.837%. The isotherm analysis found that the Langmuir model provided an outstanding fit for the experimental data. Thus, this relationship suggested that on the surface of the POFA, a monolayer and an adsorption process suitable for physical adsorption took place.
Effect of biochar on soil chemical properties of tidal wetland in Jambi, Indonesia, and growth and yield of various rice varieties
Authors: Panjaitan Riezky Pratama , Aryunis  , Wiskandar Wiskandar
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to determine the effect of biochar on the growth and yield of several rice varieties in a tidal wetland agroecosystem. This research used a split-plot design with the main plot was biochar application, consisting of three levels (no biochar, rice husk biochar, and coconut shell biochar), and the subplot was rice variety consisting of ten varieties (Inpara, Inpari 30, Kuning, Karya Rendah, Bujang Pelawah, Pandan Wangi, Bujang Berinai, Kwatek Tinggi, Candu, and Serai). Plant parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, productive tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, number of empty grains per panicle, milled rice weight, and weight of 1,000 grains. Results of this study showed that the application of biochar improved soil fertility by increasing organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, cation exchange capacity, and reducing the soluble iron in the soil. However, the application of biochar did not significantly affect the height of rice plants. The application of coconut shell biochar yielded the best results in increasing the number of productive tillers, the number of grains per panicle, grain dry weight, and reducing the number of empty grains per panicle.
Negotiating Empathy
Authors: Meneses Patricia D.
Published: October 2024

This article proposes an ecocritical reading of two lithographs by Italian Brazilian artist Angelo Agostini to shed light on the tensions between the abolitionist movement and the animal rights movement in Brazilian visual culture. This question is never discussed in scholarship about nineteenth-century Brazil. Moreover, studies on the history of animal rights in the country focus on the republican period, when the first associations and laws for the protection of animals were created. This article, conversely, reconstructs the history of a seldom-remembered Society for the Protection of Animals, active between 1885 and 1890 in Rio de Janeiro, during the last years of the monarchy. Through visual documentation concerning this society and its negative local reception, I reflect on slavery’s connections to the animal rights debate during the last decades of the nineteenth century. I argue that two causes—abolitionism and animal welfare—were competing for visibility in this fundamentally unequal society. Artists like Agostini contributed to the polemic by using a combined aesthetic that questioned what they perceived as an incongruous situation: protecting animals before abolishing human slavery.
Cultural Moral Evolution: A Proposed Model and Application in a Review and Analysis of the Evolutionary Stages of Diverse Cultures and the Impact on the Emergence and Identification of LGBTQA+ Communities
Authors: Hamlin Jack B. , Hairston Jamir E. , Mendez Alejandro
Published: October 2024

The authors present a five-part initial examination of cultural moral evolution in several diverse cultures, looking specifically at attitudes towards LGBTQA+ communities and scrutinizing how societal attitudes shift from fear, animus, tolerance, and acceptance to integration. This evolution is gauged through various societal lenses, including laws, religion, human rights, and educational practices. In Part One, the authors discuss the concept of cultural moral evolution and how it differs from and shares some of the same traits as cultural anthropology. Part Two explores cultural moral evolution towards LGBTQA+ communities in three countries: Malaysia, the Netherlands, and Saudi Arabia. Part Three extends this analysis to four US states – Florida, Alaska, Hawaii, and Colorado. Part Four focuses on the US military, particularly the US Navy, analysing its cultural moral evolution towards the LGBTQA+ community. Finally, these observations are synthesized, with a summary of how the cultural moral evolution model is applied across different societal segments.
The Evolution of Same-Sex Marriage Case Law in Europe
Authors: Kużelewska Elżbieta , Michalczuk-Wlizło Marta , Žuber Bruna , Bedič Matevž , Boas Mariana Mesquita Vilas , Naia Luísa Ramos
Published: October 2024

The number of countries allowing same-sex marriage is gradually increasing. Currently, 37 countries have laws regulating same-sex marriages, specifying their status and/or the possibility of adopting children. These solutions counter discrimination against same-sex couples and are part of the protection of human rights. Against the background of other countries, the pan-European tendency to accept the institution of same-sex marriage is garnering positive attention, although it is still controversial in some countries. Regulations of European law and the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Human Rights and the constitutional courts, which play an essential role in anti-discrimination measures and are in favour of respecting human rights, provide crucial support. This article discusses the evolution of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR, the CJEU and the national courts of selected countries (Slovenia, Spain, Portugal, Germany and Austria) concerning same-sex marriage. It highlights how recognising the right to same-sex marriage does not come at the expense of the rights of others or the public interest.
Subjective Identity and the Right to be Forgotten: A Multifaceted Claim in the Legal System
Authors: Maceratini Arianna
Published: October 2024

In the complex relationship between individual identity and its claims for recognition and protection by the legal system, the right to be forgotten is crucial, because it addresses a personal, social and legal definition of the individual as authentically as possible and highlights the uniqueness of each identity, with changes experienced in the temporal dimension. The lack of distinction in real life between the physical world and the analogue context traces new spatial and temporal coordinates, able to profoundly redefine the traditional categories of identity and difference, as well as to modify the usual dynamics of personal and social inclusion and exclusion, submitting identity to a process of dismemberment that makes the individual a complex ‘informational organism’. The multiple connections between the right to be forgotten and the protection of personal identity are confirmed by the most recent developments of European legislation and, in particular, in Italian jurisprudence, which outlines it as an identity claim in order to obtain a correct representation of oneself, resulting in the guarantee offered by the legal system of reconfiguring one’s telematic image. This describes an evolving and comprehensive right capable of protecting the originality of the individual and his/her representation and relationships.
Between ‘Quo Vadis?’ and ‘Unde Venis?’ Identity and the Legal Order of Young Poles Living in Ireland
Authors: Urych Ilona , Smuniewski Cezary , Bado Błażej
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research presented here was to diagnose the personal and social identity of young Poles living in Ireland and attending Polish schools, and to analyse the relationship of this identity with selected elements of the legal order. The main research problems were formulated in the form of questions: (1) What characterises the personal identity of the adolescents surveyed? (2) What is the social identity of the respondents? (3) What is the relationship of the respondents’ personal and social identity to selected elements of the legal order? A diagnostic survey method, a survey technique and a research tool in the form of a survey questionnaire were used to realise the aim of the research and to answer the questions posed. The research was conducted among young Poles living in Ireland and attending Polish weekend schools (n=104). The analysis of the survey results shows that the identity of Polish young people is multifaceted and combines a strong sense of Polishness with living in Ireland. Key elements of identity include a sense of belonging to the Polish nation, their families and the larger European community, while recognising themselves as Irish residents. Furthermore, identity traits are shaped by place of birth, educational context and key elements of the legal order, such as adherence to the law and respect for human rights, highlighting their willingness to engage in socio-political life.
Transformation of the Constitutional Identity in South Africa aft er the Fall of Apartheid
Authors: Wawrzyński Patryk , Kawa Joanna Marszałek , Sithole Neo
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the designed transformation of South African political identity and its constitutional framework as a core aspect of the democratization of South Africa. It compares the racist and exclusive identity of the apartheid state with a redesigned identity of an inclusive and open ‘Rainbow Nation’, a concept coined by Archbishop Desmond Tutu and spearheaded by Nelson R. Mandela along with the African National Congress. The study considers changes in the legal framework of identity politics, from the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act of 1983 (and the previous apartheid republican Constitution of 1961) through the interim democratic Constitution of 1993 to the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa of 1996. It discusses the possible significance of the 18 amendments to the act regarding South Africans’ social and political identities, and establishes a complex and detailed portrayal of the republic’s legal framework of identity politics. The study combines legal, political, and cultural analysis of the role of law in formatting social and political identities, using survey results to test its impact on society. In conclusion, the paper considers the effects of post-apartheid identity transformation in South Africa.
Los LOS PODERES DICTATORIALES DEL PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÚBLICA DE WEIMAR EN LA OBRA DE CARL SCHMITT
Authors: Vidal Cernadas Gabriel
Published: October 2024

El objeto de este trabajo radica en el estudio de la concepción schmittiana de la figura del Presidente de la República de Weimar y sus funciones dictatoriales derivadas del art. 48 de la Constitución de Weimar. A tal efecto, se parte de una breve contextualización sobre el proceso constituyente a fin de mostrar el papel que desde temprano se decidió asignar al Presidente. Posteriormente se realiza un repaso de las funciones constitucionales del mismo, particularmente de las funciones de excepción. Finalmente se explica de qué manera Schmitt trató de legitimar los poderes de excepción del Presidente de la República al amparo de su propia teoría. Para ello se revisarán algunos conceptos como «soberanía», «dictadura» y «Constitución», sin dejar de tener presente que la teoría schmittiana es dinámica y el uso de tales categorías evoluciona conforme las circunstancias.
Current Experience in the Use of Digital Educational Resources: Future Primary School Teachers’ Training
Authors: Blyznyuk Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

The article presents theoretical insight into thorough analyses of the outstanding experience and best practices in using digital educational resources by educators. We attempt to integrate these findings into training students who obtain a Master’s degree in Primary Education. Intensive use of information and communication technologies has proved efficient in preparing a new generation of innovative highly skilled would-be teachers for primary school in recent years. Although Ukrainian practice in this context is significant, however, huge accomplishments of the best world researchers still produce a noticeable impact on education advancement in many countries. The author draws attention to the relevant issue of training future educators in primary school to use digital open educational resources in their professional activities. The best practical experience of eminent Ukrainian and foreign scholars and teachers was analyzed. The suggested digital resources are examined on the field, purpose, and efficiency of their application with primary school children. The article highlights the educational potential of the popular tools for interactive online and offline communication and assessment of learning outcomes; vivid presentation of the educational content; creative thinking and soft skills development in the classroom as well as automated writing evaluation. Frequent challenges and hardships that educators have to deal with while using digital tools in the classroom are singled out and some solutions to the problem are suggested. The author points out the urgent necessity for young educators to gain new knowledge and skills for not only personal growth and self-development but also, for greater opportunities to be competitive in the contemporary labor market.
Managing The Social Dimension of Security Threats in the Perspective of Seniors
Authors: Kobiałka Andrzej
Published: October 2024

The social dimension of various security threats is managed integrally, with special attention to the elderly. The security issue for seniors remains serious and relevant. The article defines the term ‘security’, which is multifaceted. After all, creating security for older people includes the protection of their dignity and autonomy and ensuring conditions for a decent retirement. Human dignity and autonomy go beyond age. It is substantiated that concern for the safety of older people first involves ensuring their freedom of will and current living conditions and creating the basis for a dignified retirement. The article comprehensively examines the social dimension of security threats from the perspective of the elderly. The article provides a thorough analysis of the social dimension of security threats from the perspective of senior citizens. It is proved that the prospect of this phenomenon is a crucial and urgent social problem. The article is an attempt to analyze the socio-economic condition of the elderly in Poland, focusing, in particular, on the demographic challenges facing the country. It is found that demographic scenarios for 2014-2050 show an acceleration of the aging process, despite an estimated population decline of more than 4 million by 2050. By the end of the reference period, the number of people aged 60 and over is expected to increase to 13.7 million, representing more than 40% of the total population.The findings highlight the necessity to optimize older people's physical security (e.g. care services, daily living assistance, health maintenance, protection from violence and abuse), social security (e.g. benefits that ensure an appropriate level of consumption), and social participation. These measures aim to ensure a broad sense of security and well-being for older people. The final recommendations outline a roadmap for action and optimization of the physical, social, and economic security of the elderly in Poland. Several proposals are presented to ensure an independent, safe, and active social and cultural life for older people.
Any and its ‘free choice’
Authors: Van der Auwera Johan
Published: October 2024

Since Ladusaw (1979) the term ‘free choice indefinite’ is the generally accepted term for the meaning of any in primarily modal and generic sentences, such as Any owl hunts mice, but not for what is generally called the ‘polarity-sensitive’ or ‘negative polarity’ meaning, as in Did you take any? At least part of the inspiration for Ladusaw was Vendler (1967), but Vendler took a notion of ‘freedom of choice’ to characterize all uses of any. This paper has three goals: (i) to offer a critical survey, updating earlier ones by Horn (2000a, 2000b, 2005) of the question whether English any has one meaning – a univocal account – or two – an ambiguist account, with the two alleged meanings involving negative polarity, on the one hand, and free choice, on the other hand; (ii) to confirm, in agreement with much current work, that Vendler (1967) was right, and to suggest, in disagreement with most if not all current work, to make terminology reflect the insight and no longer restrict the term ‘free choice’ to just a few of the meanings of any; and (iii) to offer a new univocal approach of any, hypothesizing its meaning to contain the components ‘existence’ and ‘free choice’, and using the notion of ‘at-issueness’.
When Ancient Lithuanian State Became an Empire and Ceased to Be It? An Answer to Lithuanian Question Using an Estonian Method
Authors: Norkus Zenonas
Published: October 2024

The article introduces a Lithuanian reader into the ideas of distinguished American-Estonian political scientist Rein Taagepera on comparative cliometrics of empires and uses them to detect main thresholds in the imperial history of ancient Lithuania. For this goal, its size-time integral (called in the paper Taagepera integral) was measured. It is used to calculate the maximum stable size (M), emergence (20% of M), adulthood (80% of M), failure (50% of M) dates, rise and duration times of the ancient Lithuanian empire. According to author's calculations, ancient Lithuania emerged as an empire already under Mindaugas rule (before 1263), and its rise time was about 100 years. Its adulthood came in the early sixties of the XIV century, and it failed in 1569, when just before the Lublin Union, Poland annexed the southern provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. So its duration time was slightly more above 200 years. These chronological conclusions are made under the assumption that the old Lithuanian state survived until 1795. If this assumption is exchanged for another that says that 1569 was also the endpoint of the ancient Lithuanian state, only slight changes are to be made in these conclusions.
Photo Exhibition "Dubingiai - Radziwill's Patrimony"
Authors: Rutkauskaitė Indrė , Šmigelskas Ramūnas
Published: October 2024

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Radiological status of agricultural lands of the Narodychi United Territorial Community
Authors:   Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Khomutinin Yu.V. , Lazarev M.M. , Kosarchuk O.V. , Illienko V.V. , Levchuk S.Ye. , Pavlyuchenko V.V. , Salnikova A.V. , Lazarev D.M. , Kashparov V.O.
Published: October 2024

Current radiological conditions and the possibility of returning to economic use of radionuclide-contaminated agricultural lands of the Narodychi United Territorial Community of the Korosten District of the Zhytomyr Region were assessed. The lands had been withdrawn from use in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of the Territory Exposed to Radioactive Contamination as a Result of the Chornobyl Disaster" (Law) and marked in the State Land Cadastre of Ukraine as "radioactively contaminated land". It is shown that in accordance with the requirements of the Law on soil contamination density with 137Cs, 90Sr, 238-240Pu the lands currently do not belong to the zone of unconditional (mandatory) resettlement and even the zone of guaranteed voluntary resettlement and have no legal grounds for restrictions on their use. Predictive assessment of contamination of crops with 137Cs and 90Sr growing on the considered fields was performed. The assessments show which from the fields can be used to produce without countermeasure products below the permissible levels.
Modeling of long-term radiological and toxicological impacts of the uranium mill tailings on groundwater and surface water
Authors:   Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zanoz B.Yu. , Bugai D.O.
Published: October 2024

Modeling predictions are presented of radionuclide transport processes in the zone of influence of the Zahidne uranium mill tailings situated at the Prydniprovsky Chemical Plant (PChP), Kamianske. The groundwater transport model was developed using the NORMALYSA software. Refined estimates of parameters of water exchange in the zone of uranium mill tailing (obtained from field studies and modeling of groundwater flow processes) were used to parameterize the model for radionuclide transport in groundwater. Calibration of the radionuclide transport model using monitoring data on radioactive contamination of groundwater in 2005 - 2021 allowed to estimate the sorption distribution coefficient (Kd) for the most hazardous contaminants 238,234U isotopes (Kd = 8 ± 2 l/kg) and estimate the rate of uranium migration in groundwater. According to modeling, during the next 800 to 1100 years, uranium concentration in wells in the zone of influence of uranium mill tailing (at 500 - 800 m distance) will be determined mainly by the contamination of the alluvial aquifer, which was formed during the operation period of the uranium mill tailing. According to modeling predictions, usage of groundwater (partial drinking water consumption, irrigation) outside the PChP site downstream of the uranium mill tailing will result in doses exceeding the relevant reference level (annual effective dose > 1 mSv/year) in 380 - 440 years, while the toxicological impact will result in the exceeding of the acceptable hazard index for uranium (HI > 1) in 200 - 260 years. Modeling results indicate the importance of restricting the use of groundwater downstream of the uranium mill tailing within the PChP industrial site and, in the longer term, beyond its boundary. At the same time, contamination of the Konoplyanka River due to the migration of radionuclides from the uranium mill tailing does not pose unacceptable radiological and toxicological risks for the considered scenario (irrigation, fish consumption) due to the dilution of contaminants in surface waters.
Blood Lead Testing and Follow-up Testing Among Children Hospitalized for Lead Poisoning
Authors: Chen Yeh-Hsin , Ma Zhen-Qiang , Davis Krista P. , Bogen Debra L. , Watkins Sharon M.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

US children experience lead poisoning, which has detrimental health effects and significant individual and societal costs. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and hospitalization characteristics of children hospitalized for lead poisoning and assess the proportion of inpatients who received blood lead testing and appropriate follow-up testing before hospitalization.

METHODS

2015–2021 hospital discharge data were linked to lead surveillance data for Pennsylvania children aged 0 to 5 years. Demographics, hospitalization characteristics, and lead testing data from children with a primary diagnosis code of lead poisoning were used. The number of hospitalizations, associated hospital length of stay and charges, and the proportion of inpatients who received lead testing and follow-up testing after identification of high blood lead levels before hospitalization were analyzed by selected characteristics.

RESULTS

During the study period, there were 93 children hospitalized for lead poisoning, incurring 443 inpatient days and approximately 6 million dollars in inpatient charges. Of these inpatients, 69.9% were males, 36.6% were non-Hispanic Black, 67.7% were aged 0 to 2 years, 14% had repeated admissions, and 88.2% of admissions were paid by Medicaid. In addition, 20.4% did not have lead testing, and 34.4% had appropriate follow-up testing before hospitalization. Non-Hispanic whites and children with developmental, behavioral, and emotional disorders had relatively low proportions of having appropriate follow-up testing.

CONCLUSIONS

Severe childhood lead poisoning is a significant health and economic burden, especially among children with Medicaid. Further improvements in blood lead testing and follow-up testing can help prevent childhood lead poisoning.
A Statewide Program to Test and Reduce Lead in Drinking Water at Schools and Child Cares
Authors: Leonard Laura T. , Talbott Margaret E.
Published: October 2024

A lead testing act was passed in Colorado mandating that all licensed child care facilities and public schools serving fifth grade and lower test all drinking water locations for lead by May 31, 2023. Colorado’s Water Quality Control Division created the Test & Fix Water for Kids program to implement this act. Aspects of the program included establishing a database, outreach and education, technical assistance, lead analyses at the Colorado State Laboratory, remediation, and reimbursement. Of a total of 6000 licensed child care providers and public elementary schools, 4500 entities enrolled and tested 53 000 water samples for lead at drinking water fixtures. Testing results showed that 93% (46 000 total) of the fixtures tested were below the 5 parts per billion (ppb) action level. As a result, 7% (3700) of the fixtures tested were above the action level. Of the fixtures that tested above 5 ppb, 47% were classroom faucets. Many of these faucets had not been used since COVID-19 when several schools switched to using bottle fillers. The program identified all fixtures associated with low usage as well as older fixtures to be replaced with lead-free options to reduce lead levels below 5 ppb. Almost 600 000 children have been protected from potential exposure to lead in drinking water through this program. This article outlines the methods of launching a statewide lead testing program and the importance of testing fixtures for lead in drinking water in early childhood education buildings.
Saberes, cuidados e educação na primeira infância
Authors: Do Céu Ubaiara Brito Angela , De Oliveira Santana Ramon
Published: October 2024

O trabalho investigativo buscou compreender como as famílias ribeirinhas desenvolvem o processo educacional na infância, com o uso dos saberes tradicionais, por meio da oralidade. O objetivo foi cartografar os saberes nas ações de cuidados na infância junto à família e à comunidade, no sentido de compreender os saberes envolvidos na função dos pais e parentes próximos. A metodologia ancorou-se na abordagem qualitativa com o uso da pesquisa etnográfica, durante dois anos (2021 e 2022), nas regiões ribeirinhas da Amazônia, território das comunidades das águas localizado no estado do Amapá e ilhas do Pará. Os dados foram discutidos por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que os saberes tradicionais estão embricados em todo processo de cuidado com as crianças, principalmente em relação às crianças bem pequenas. Os saberes tradicionais revelam ação de formação humana, por meio de uma educação não formal que possibilita a construção de valores éticos e morais na convivência com os mais antigos nas comunidades ribeirinhas.
Fronteiras Planetárias e tratados internacionais ambientais
Authors: Duarte Jéssica , Busatto Alice da Cruz , Rossi Laura Brusso , Schmitt Thales Jéferson Rodrigues , Vecchia Veridiana Dalla , Dos Santos Leo Evandro Figueiredo , Gonçalves Veronica Korber
Published: October 2024

Este artigo explora a relação entre o consenso científico sobre desafios ambientais globais e o consenso político estabelecido por meio de acordos internacionais para lidar com essas questões. A pesquisa mapeia os tratados internacionais ambientais assinados desde 1920, categorizando-os em relação às fronteiras planetárias – um arcabouço conceitual e metodológico desenvolvido em 2009 nas ciências ambientais para quantificar os impactos das atividades humanas nos sistemas terrestres. Metodologicamente, o estudo envolveu a seleção e análise de conteúdo dos tratados ambientais. Dada a necessidade de intensificação do multilateralismo para lidar com tais desafios ambientais, a pesquisa conclui que incorporar as contribuições das fronteiras planetárias nos consensos políticos exigirá esforços coordenados dos atores na política ambiental internacional e uma consciência das diferenças de linguagens das ciências ambientais e da política internacional para aprimorar o diálogo.
Development of Science Diplomacy in the MENA Region: Priorities and Prospects for Cooperation with Russia on the Example of Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Vasilieva Irina N. , Bogatova Raisa S. , Rebrova Tatyana P.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The development of science diplomacy is aimed at promotion of a state’s interests in the international arena. Russia is striving to strengthen cooperation in the field of scientific and technological development, humanitarian exchange with such MENA countries as Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. These countries are of significant interest to Russia due to the long-standing forms of cooperation with them. The main purpose of this study is to identify science diplomacy actors, visually present them taking into consideration the process of science development in these countries and determine prospects of cooperation with Russia.
Materials and Methods. In their study, the authors used data from open sources, Russian Federal State Statistics Service reports, UNESCO Science reports, World Bank database. The analysis of development of international science and technology cooperation in the three MENA countries was carried out. The authors used the descriptive method to present the main actors of science diplomacy and visually provide the science diplomacy systems. The developed models of science diplomacy of Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates enable Russia to identify the priorities in the field of science diplomacy in the context of geopolitical challenges.
Results. The study identified the potential partners of Russia in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt to strengthen international science and technology cooperation. The prospects for cooperation with these countries are fixed in the mutual agreements with Russia. The authors studied the policy of these countries in the field of international scientific and technical cooperation, considered strategic directions for the development of science diplomacy. The created models of science diplomacy reflect the main actors of science diplomacy, as well as the current interrelationship between the three MENA countries and Russia in the field of science and technology. The value of this research lies in the preparation of an extensive analytical base that helps to identify potential partners for Russia among the MENA countries, as well as identify key strategies and directions to stimulate the growth of cooperation and knowledge exchange.
Discussion and Conclusion. The research has shown that in the studied Arab countries, there is an active development of scientific diplomacy. The governments of these countries are increasingly turning to science to solve political problems. The MENA region has extensive resources and scientific potential, which makes it attractive for scientific cooperation. The analysis of cooperation with these countries made it possible to identify key strategies and priorities to stimulate the growth of cooperation and knowledge exchange between the MENA countries and Russia.
Aplicação de índices de vegetação na análise espaço-temporal da cobertura do solo no município de Alegrete–RS
Authors: Cecconello Samanta Tolentino , Centeno Luana Nunes , Bugoni Nelva , Leandro Diuliana
Published: October 2024

O processo de mudança do uso e cobertura do solo tem atraído grande atenção para seu melhor entendimento e planejamento para evitar impactos negativos como perda de biodiversidade, erosão hídrica do solo, arenização, entre outros. Frente a isto, este estudo objetivou realizar uma análise espaço-temporal, da cobertura vegetal do município de Alegrete localizado no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, através dos Índices de Vegetação pela Razão Simples (RS) e Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) no período compreendido entre os anos 2016 e 2020. Para a determinação dos Índices de Vegetação pela Razão Simples (RS) e Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) foram utilizadas imagens do satélite Sentinel 2A nível 1C para o dia 17/01/2016 e 23/08/2020 (folhas 21JWH, 21JXH, 21JWG e 21 JXG). Foi possível observar que no ano de 2016, há visualmente uma maior quantidade de valores de RS baixos, indicando coloração mais avermelhada na porção noroeste do município que se estende até o centro da imagem e no ano de 2020, houve uma redução na quantidade de vegetação mais desenvolvida e ou mais densa na qual os valores de RS mostraram-se mais uniformes pela área de estudo. Com relação ao NDVI no ano de 2016 não apresentou valores para as classes -1.0 a -0.8 e -0.8 a -0.6, o que demonstra que no ano de 2016 havia mais áreas com vegetação rasteira. Nas áreas onde o NDVI apresentou valores entre -0.6 a -0.4 no ano de 2016, no ano de 2020 estes valores passaram para -1.0 a -0.8, o que pode ser justificado pelo aumento das áreas de solo exposto. Conclui-se que, através da aplicação de conceitos radiométricos e dos índices de vegetação razão simples e NDVI, foi possível realizar uma análise espaço-temporal da vegetação no município de Alegrete para os anos de 2016 e 2020.
A Családi Kapcsolatok Teszt (FRT) magyar változatának elkészítése és pszichometriai jellemzői
Authors: Karlócai Zsófia , Jersele Adél , Szabó Brigitta , Miklósi Mónika
Published: October 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések: A családi kapcsolatok minősége kiemelt jelentőségű a gyermek fejlődése, mentális egészsége szempontjából. Angolszász nyelvterületen számos kérdőív áll rendelkezésünkre a témában. Egyikük a Családi Kapcsolatok Teszt (Family Relations Test, FRT), mely az anyához és apához fűződő kapcsolat minőségét vizsgálja a gyermek perspektívájából. Kutatásunk célja az FRT magyar nyelvű változatának elkészítése és faktoriális validitásának elemzése volt. Emellett vizsgáltuk a gyermek szüleihez fűződő kapcsolatának összefüggését az internalizáló és externalizáló tünetekkel, a proszociális viselkedéssel, valamint az életminőséggel. Módszer: Kutatásunkat nem-klinikai mintán végeztük, 10 és 18 év közötti fiatalok adatait elemeztük (N = 217) megerősítő, majd feltáró faktorelemzéssel. A papíralapú vagy online kérdőívcsomag az FRT mellett egy rövid demográfiai kérdőívet, a Gyermek Életminőség Skálát (ILK) és a Képességek és Nehézségek Kérdőívet (SDQ) tartalmazta. Eredmények: A megerősítő faktorelemzés szerint adataink nem illeszkedtek az eredeti, hatfaktoros, illetve a további kutatásokban javasolt kétfaktoros modellekre. A feltáró faktorelemzéssel négy faktort azonosítottunk (sajátértékek 1,43–6,68), amelyek együttesen a variancia 45,61%-át magyarázták (affektusok, elismerés, hasonló gondolkodás, korlátozás/autoritás). Az életminőség összefüggést mutatott az anyai és apai elismeréssel, a hasonló gondolkodással és a korlátozás/autoritással (rendre, F[4,175] = 14,01, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,24, F[4,166] = 17,14, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,29), míg az externalizáló tünetek az anyai elismeréssel, az anyai és apai korlátozással/autoritással és apához hasonló gondolkodással (rendre, F[4,137] = 6,10, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,15, F(4,133) = 8,69, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,21), az internalizáló tünetek az anyai és apai elismeréssel és az apai korlátozással voltak kapcsolatban (rendre, F[4,137] = 5,768, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,144, F[4,133] = 7,921, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,19). Diszkusszió: A Családi Kapcsolatok Teszt magyar változata vizsgálatunk alapján megbízható és érvényes mérőeszköz a családi kapcsolatok mérésére a gyermek perspektívájából.
THE EFFECT OF GIVING NATURAL FEED FROM CULTURES OF ROTIFERS (Brachionus sp.) TO GROWRTH OF WHITE SEAPER (Lates calcarifer) LARVA AND WATER QUALITY AT PT. BALI BARRAMUNDI, BULELENG DISTRICT, BALI
Authors: Jayanti Shara
Published: October 2024

This research was to determine the effect of providing natural food cultures of phytoplankton and rotifers in white snapper (Lates calcarifer) hatcheries on air quality at PT. Bali Barramundi Buleleng Regency, Bali. The rotifer culture will be successful in harvesting if there is sufficient food for the rotifer zooplankton (Brachionus sp.). One good food for rotifer growth is Chlorella sp. To get 500-700 rotifers/ml for 3 weeks with an initial inoculation of 10 birds/ml requires 5 million Chlorella sp cells/ml. The air used for rotifer zooplankton is sea air which is taken directly through 3 pumps connected to pipes installed in the sea at a distance of approximately 100 meters from the shoreline. The air that has been collected is added with chlorine at a dose of 25 ppm, then after stirring thoroughly, turn off the aeration in the tub. After 1x24 hours, add sodium thiosulfate at a dose of 0.125 ppm and turn on the aeration after a while. Before being given to larvae, rotifers and enriched first using Algamax, vitamin C at a dose of 2.5g/10 L for one hour. Rotifers are given with an initial density of 4-5 ind/ml (4,000-5,000 individuals/1,000L). Natural rotifer food is given twice a day for larvae (D2-D5) at 09.00 and 15.00 and given four times a day for larvae (D6-D25) at 08.00, 10.00, 14.00, 16.00 with a dose of (5-10 tail/ml). The results of spawning showed an average hatching degree (HR) of 65% - 90.5% and normal growth up to D25 with a length of 9.5 mm. The water quality test results obtained were temperatures ranging from (28 – 30)⁰ C, pH (7.5 – 8.5), DO (6.5-6.54) ppm, salinity (28 – 36) ppt, nitrate (2.6 – 3.2) ppm, phosphate 0.01 ppm and ammonia (0.05-0.06) ppm.