bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Japanese Translation of the Concerns of Social Reprisal Scale and Examination of the Bivalent Fear of Evaluation Model for Social Anxiety in Japan
Authors: Okawa Sho , Noda Shota , Weeks Justin W.
Published: February 2024

The bivalent fear of evaluation model explains the association of fear of evaluation and heightened social anxiety via concerns of social reprisal (CSR) and disqualification of positive social outcomes (DPSO). The constructs of the model may differ in individualistic (e.g., Australia) and collectivistic countries (e.g., Japan); however, no study has examined the model, including CSR, in collectivistic countries. This study develops the Japanese translation of the Concerns of Social Reprisal Scale (CSRS) and examines constructs of the bivalent fear of evaluation model in Japan. Overall, 496 participants completed CSR and social‐anxiety‐related questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 1‐factor structure for the Japanese translation of the CSRS. Convergent validity and internal consistency were supported by significant relationships between social‐anxiety‐related variables and high McDonald's ω coefficient. Discriminant validity was partially supported by higher correlation between the CSRS and DPSO scale than correlation to the fear of negative evaluation scale. Path analysis revealed that the best fitting bivalent fear of evaluation model is similar to the individualistic country model, although DPSO contributes to social anxiety symptoms more than fear of positive evaluation.
A retrospective study of hydrocortisone continuous rate infusion compared with administration of dexamethasone boluses in dogs with adrenal crisis
Authors: Brunori Lara , Walesby Olivia X. , Lewis Daniel H. , Boag Alisdair M.
Published: February 2024

Background

Evidence indicating the optimal treatment protocol for dogs in adrenal crisis is lacking.

Objectives

Compare outcomes of dogs presented in adrenal crisis treated with either hydrocortisone (HC) continuous rate infusion (CRI) or intermittent dexamethasone (DEX) administration.

Animals

Thirty‐nine client‐owned dogs.

Methods

Multi‐institutional retrospective observational study (July 2016‐May 2022) including dogs diagnosed with adrenal crisis and with available sequential blood work during hospitalization. Dogs were excluded if already on treatment with exogenous corticosteroids. Outcomes assessed included duration of hospitalization, survival, number of repeat measurements of electrolyte concentrations, and time to normalization of electrolyte and acid‐base status.

Results

No significant difference was found between the groups for hospitalization time (P = .41; HC median [range] 48 h [19‐105 h]; DEX 57 h [17‐167 h]) nor case fatality rate 2/28 in the DEX group and 0/11 in the HC group (P = 1), nor in number of measurements of electrolyte concentrations (P = .90; HC 4 [2‐10]; DEX 4.5 [2‐15]). No significant differences were found between the 2 treatment groups in time to normalization of serum Na (P = .30; HC 33 h [7‐66 h]; DEX 16 h [1.5‐48 h]), K (P = .92; HC 17 h [4‐48 h]; DEX 16 h [1.25‐60 h]) or Na/K ratio (P = .08; HC 17 h [8‐48 h]; DEX 26 h [1.5‐60 h]).

Conclusions

This study detected no difference in outcomes for dogs in adrenal crisis treated with either DEX boluses or HC CRIs.
Anti‐obesity pharmacological agents for polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis to inform the 2023 international evidence‐based guideline
Authors: Goldberg Alyse , Graca Sandro , Liu Jing , Rao Vibhuti , Witchel Selma Feldman , Pena Alexia , Li Rong , Mousa Aya , Tay Chau Thien , Pattuwage Loyal , Teede Helena , Yildiz Bulent O. , Ee Carolyn
Published: February 2024

This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the efficacy of anti‐obesity agents for hormonal, reproductive, metabolic, and psychological outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to inform the 2023 update of the International Evidence‐based Guideline on PCOS. We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL until July 2022 with a 10‐year limit to focus on newer agents. Eleven trials (545 and 451 participants in intervention and control arms respectively, 12 comparisons) were included. On descriptive analyses, most agents improved anthropometric outcomes; liraglutide, semaglutide and orlistat appeared superior to placebo for anthropometric outcomes. Meta‐analyses were possible for two comparisons (exenatide vs. metformin and orlistat + combined oral contraceptive pill [COCP] vs. COCP alone). On meta‐analysis, no differences were identified between exenatide versus metformin for anthropometric, biochemical hyperandrogenism, and metabolic outcomes, other than lower fasting blood glucose more with metformin than exenatide (MD: 0.10 mmol/L, CI 0.02–0.17, I2 = 18%, 2 trials). Orlistat + COCP did not improve metabolic outcomes compared with COCP alone (fasting insulin MD: −8.65 pmol/L, −33.55 to 16.26, I2 = 67%, 2 trials). Published data examining the effects of anti‐obesity agents in women with PCOS are very limited. The role of these agents in PCOS should be a high priority for future research.
Exploring the role of FBXL gene family in Soybean: Implications for plant height and seed size regulation
Authors: Hina Aiman , Khan Nadeem , Kong Keke , Lv Wenhuan , Karikari Benjamin , Abbasi Asim , Zhao Tuanjie
Published: February 2024

F‐box proteins constitute a significant family in eukaryotes and, as a component of the Skp1p‐cullin‐F‐box complex, are considered critical for cellular protein degradation and other biological processes in plants. Despite their importance, the functions of F‐box proteins, particularly those with C‐terminal leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) domains, remain largely unknown in plants. Therefore, the present study conducted genome‐wide identification and in silico characterization of F‐BOX proteins with C‐terminal LRR domains in soybean (Glycine max L.) (GmFBXLs). A total of 45 GmFBXLs were identified. The phylogenetic analysis showed that GmFBXLs could be subdivided into ten subgroups and exhibited a close relationship with those from Arabidopsis thaliana, Cicer aretineum, and Medicago trunculata. It was observed that most cis‐regulatory elements in the promoter regions of GmFBXLs are involved in hormone signalling, stress responses, and developmental stages. In silico transcriptome data illustrated diverse expression patterns of the identified GmFBXLs across various tissues, such as shoot apical meristem, flower, green pods, leaves, nodules, and roots. Overexpressing (OE) GmFBXL12 in Tianlong No.1 cultivar resulted in a significant difference in seed size, number of pods, and number of seeds per plant, indicated a potential increase in yield compared to wild type. This study offers valuable perspectives into the role of FBXLs in soybean, serving as a foundation for future research. Additionally, the identified OE lines represent valuable genetic resources for enhancing seed‐related traits in soybean.
Perspectives of suicide loss survivors: Qualitative analysis of data from a psychological autopsy study of U.S. Army soldiers
Authors: Zuromski Kelly L. , Wilks Chelsey R. , Al‐Suwaidi Maha , Wittler Ellen , Scherban Lilly , Hite Blake , Raymond LaTashia , Dempsey Catherine L. , Stein Murray B. , Ursano Robert J. , Benedek David , Nock Matthew K.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Suicide loss survivors can provide information not otherwise available about the circumstances preceding a suicide. In this study, we analyzed interview data from suicide loss survivors collected as part of a psychological autopsy study of U.S. Army soldiers.

Methods

Next‐of‐kin (NOK) (n = 61) and Army supervisors (SUP) (n = 107) of suicide decedents (n = 135) who had died in the last 2–3 months answered open‐ended questions about suicide risk factors, ideas for improving suicide prevention, and the impact of the suicide. Responses were coded using conventional content analysis methods to identify common themes.

Results

Many NOK (30%) and SUP (50%) did not observe any signs of risk preceding the soldier's suicide. The most common idea regarding suicide prevention from SUP was that the suicide was inevitable, whereas NOK were more likely to emphasize the importance of increasing mental health treatment and reducing stigma. Both NOK and SUP reported negative effects of the suicide, but SUP reported some positive effects (e.g., increased unit connectedness).

Conclusions

Results underscore the challenges of using informants to identify soldiers at high risk of suicide, given many respondents did not observe any warning signs. Findings also highlight attitudinal barriers present in the military that, if targeted, may increase soldiers' help‐seeking and willingness to disclose their risk.
Suppression of entireleaf morning glory (Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. var. integriuscula A. Gray) growth by lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) on soybean field levees in southwestern Japan
Authors: Asami Hidenori , Fushimi Akihide , Homma Koki
Published: February 2024

The spread of morning glory (Ipomoea spp.) in Japanese soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) fields has severely decreased soybean yields. Field levees are believed to be a source of this invasion. The introduction of Zoysia japonica Steud. is expected to suppress weed growth and reduce the required labor for weed management on the levees. In this study, field experiments were conducted on the soybean levees of turf (Z. japonica), bare, and weed (mainly broad leaf weeds such as white clover) from 2017 to 2019 to compare its effects on the occurrence, growth, and seed production of I. hederacea (L.) Jacq. var. integriuscula A. Gray. The canopy height in the turf levee was the lowest, and the vegetation cover rate was the highest. At the flowering and fruiting stage of I. hederacea var. integriuscula (September), the largest number of I. hederacea var. integriuscula that survived were on the turf levee; however, the plant length, dry weight, and the number of fruits were the least. Additionally, the stems of the morning glory on the turf levee were slight and spindly, and their growth and seed productivity were suppressed. Consequently, vegetation conversion to Z. japonica on the soybean field levees can be an effective strategy to suppress the colonization and growth of morning glory, thereby, improving soybean yields.
Cristo, criterio de interpretación de los signos de los tiempos. Óptica latinoamericana
Authors: Costadoat Jorge
Published: February 2024

La teología de los signos de los tiempos –según el decir de muchos– aún debe elucidar criterios para discernirlos. Este artículo pretende ser un aporte en el desarrollo de criterios cristológicos. En la primera sección, se dará cuenta sucinta de avances en la cristología y la soteriología útiles a tal objetivo. Lo principal, sin duda, es la historización de la cristología del siglo XX. Cualquiera sea el criterio que se invoque para discernir la época, debe considerarse histórico y sujeto a cambios. En la segunda sección, el artículo explica este giro historizador en la teología latinoamericana. En esta se da una versión nueva del Cur Deus homo tradicional. Los teólogos y teólogas entienden que el Hijo de Dios se hizo ser humano para liberar a hombres y mujeres de sus múltiples opresiones y miserias, incluido el pecado.Esta concepción de la soteriología como liberación radica en la praxis de Jesús ordenada a la consecución del Reino. Sus propios discernimientos sirven como criterio. La praxis milenaria de la Iglesia, por su parte, que prosigue la de Jesús, ha impregnado la cultura occidental con valores tácitamente cristianos como la igualdad, la fraternidad, la libertad y la valoración de las diferencias; la tradición cristiana latinoamericana, a su vez, valora los vínculos reales, el ethos de una vida buena y la opción por los pobres. Todos estos criterios permiten reconocer cuál es la praxis que se ha de seguir.
Large Eddy Simulation of a Turbulent Polydisperse Spray Flow: A Comparative Study of Subgrid Scale Models and Droplet Injection Models
Authors: Zhang Teng , Li Jinghua , Yan Yingwen , Fan Yuxin
Published: February 2024

This study performs an investigation of the effects of the subgrid-scale (SGS) and droplet injection models in the large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent two-phase spray flows. Three LES SGS models (Smagorinsky, wall-adapting local eddy viscosity (WALE), and dynamic Smagorinsky) and two droplet injection models (cone nozzle injection and conditional droplet injection) are validated to the experimental measurements. For both gaseous and liquid phases, all SGS models provide comparable results, indicating that the current two-phase flow field does not exhibit a pronounced sensitivity to the LES SGS model. As for different droplet injection models and spray dispersion angles, minimal differences are observed in the prediction of the gaseous mean and root-mean-square (RMS) velocity profiles. However, for the result of liquid phase, CDIM (conditional droplet injection model) predictions of the droplet mean diameter and velocity are in better agreement with experiments, and less sensitive to spray dispersion angle settings. While the CNIM (cone nozzle injection model) prediction of droplet diameter is less accurate when increasing the dispersion angle. The study suggests that turbulent two-phase spray flows are more influenced by the spray boundary conditions rather than the LES SGS models.
Three new Rhyncaphytoptinae mite species from China (Acari: Eriophyoidea)

Authors: Hao Ke-xin , Xue Xiao-Feng
Published: February 2024

Three new species of eriophyoid mite from China are described and illustrated. They are Rhyncaphytoptus emeishanicus sp. nov. on Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala (Sapindaceae), Rhyncaphytoptus thysanolaenus sp. nov. on Thysanolaena latifolia (Poaceae), and Catarhinus haikouicus sp. nov. on Miscanthus floridulus (Poaceae). All three new eriophyoid mite species are vagrants causing no apparent symptom to their host plants.
Conflation of reforestation with restoration is widespread
Authors: Parr Catherine L. , te Beest Mariska , Stevens Nicola
Published: February 2024

Across Africa, vast areas of nonforest are threatened by inappropriate restoration in the form of tree planting
Mixed-organism enzyme in plant defense
Authors: Thynne Elisha , Kobe Bostjan
Published: February 2024

Plants commandeer a pathogen’s virulence factor to bolster immunity
Supplemental Material: Fluid environment controls along-strike variation in slip style: Midcrustal geological signatures from the Red River fault, China
Authors: Duan Qingbao , al. et
Published: February 2024

Method texts, additional figures, and grain-size and mineral chemistry data.  
Efficient Acceleration of Electrons by Moderate-Power Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Vais O. E. , Lobok M. G. , Soloviev A. A. , Mironov S. Yu. , Khazanov E. A. , Bychenkov V. Yu.
Published: February 2024

The relativistic self-trapping of a laser pulse is an efficient mechanism for the acceleration of electrons, which allows one to achieve an extreme charge of a high-energy particle beam and the corresponding conversion coefficient of laser energy. It has been shown that the compression of the femtosecond laser pulse in this regime using the innovative compression after compressor approach (CafCA) [E.A. Khazanov, S.Yu. Mironov, and G. Mourou, Phys. Usp. 62, 1096 (2019)] to extremely short durations keeping the energy of the laser beam significantly increases the efficiency of particle acceleration. This effect has been illustrated on the example of the Multitera laser facility for the project implemented at the Russian National Center for Physics and Mathematics.
Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of New 5-Alkynyl Derivatives of 2-Thiouridine
Authors: Platonova Ya. B. , Kirillova V. A. , Volov A. N. , Savilov S. V.
Published: February 2024

New efficient mycobacterial inhibitors based on 5-substituted 2-thiouridine derivatives have been described. A series of new 5-alkynyl-substituted 2-thiouridines have been synthesized in good yields by the palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling of 5-iodo-2-thiopyrimidine base with terminal alkynes in DMF at room temperature. The presence of a sulfur atm at C2 of the pyrimidine ring has been shown not to affect the yield of the target compounds. The synthesized 2-thiouridine derivatives were evaluated for their antimyco­bacterial activity against Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations of 0.1 to 100 μg/mL using microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA). The compounds showed high antimycobacterial activity against both tested strains. The MIC50 values for 2-thionucleosides 14–16 (0.28–0.75 μg/mL) were much superior to those of the reference drugs rifampicin, D-cycloserine, and isoniazid, which makes these compounds promising for further more detailed study.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of a solitary ovarian carcinoma colorectal metastasis
Authors: Schreuder Ramon-Michel , Stoop Maud W J , Piek Jurgen M J , Lijnschoten Gesina van , Schoon Erik J
Published: February 2024

A woman in her 70s with a medical history of recurrent ovarian carcinoma was referred to the gastroenterologist because of rectal blood loss. Colonoscopy revealed a spontaneously bleeding lesion, which was not a typical colorectal carcinoma by optical diagnosis. Biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of recurrence of the former ovarian carcinoma. The patient was not eligible for surgical resection due to former abdominal surgery and she declined chemotherapy due to severe side effects earlier. After a multidisciplinary team consultation, she was treated with endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR). This is a minimally invasive resection technique for removal of challenging colorectal lesions. The patient has recovered well and 2 years after the metastasis resection with eFTR there still have been no signs of recurrent malignancy.
Acute renal failure as a key to significant neonatal weight loss
Authors: Moscoso Joana , Serôdio Margarida , Prior Ana Rita
Published: February 2024

We present a case of a male neonate who experienced a 13.5% weight loss at 96 hours of life, despite receiving adequate calorie intake and exhibiting no feeding difficulties. The pregnancy was uneventful, and maternal serological investigation was normal. A routine ultrasound at 34 weeks of gestational age revealed late oligohydramnios. The neonate was delivered at 35 weeks of gestational age by forceps, weighing 2600 g. Physical examination disclosed bilateral cryptorchidism. Laboratory studies unveiled acute kidney injury (AKI) with hyperkalaemia. Renal ultrasound revealed bilateral hydronephrosis and renal dysplasia with pyelocalyceal dilatation. Despite early recognition and treatment, the newborn developed chronic kidney disease (CKD). AKI is an important and under-recognised cause of significant neonatal weight loss.

This case underscores the significance of considering AKI as a potential and under-recognised cause of neonatal weight loss. It emphasises the importance of maintaining a high clinical suspicion for early AKI diagnosis to mitigate the risk of progression to CKD.
Dentofacial manifestations of a Paediatric patient with Goltz–Gorlin Syndrome
Authors: Tupper Anku , Devi K Pavithra , Rahul Morankar , Tewari Nitesh
Published: February 2024

Goltz–Gorlin syndrome is a rare X-linked inherited disorder associated with PORCN (porcupine homolog—Drosophila) gene mutation. It primarily affects the skin and its appendages. The characteristic cutaneous features include a blaschko-linear pattern, skin atrophy, pigmentary changes, and telangiectasia. The oral manifestations have been reported in more than half of the affected individuals. The most common oral findings include enamel hypoplasia, hypodontia, supernumerary teeth, microdontia, vertical grooving of the teeth, taurodontism, fusion, and abnormal root morphology reported in sporadic cases. The objective of this case report is to describe the dentofacial characteristics of a middle childhood aged girl with Goltz–Gorlin syndrome.
Ovarian teratoma-associated anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis with severe features
Authors: Voit Antanina , Graziano Ashley , Schomer Andrew , Theodore Danny
Published: February 2024

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an uncommon clinical entity for the general intensivist or neurologist. Diagnosis can be made by the presence of cerebrospinal fluid IgG antibody against the GluNR1 and GluNR2 subunits of the NMDAR. We present a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a young woman with an ovarian teratoma treated with surgical resection and multiple immunomodulatory therapies.
Effect of timeframes to define long term conditions and sociodemographic factors on prevalence of multimorbidity using disease code frequency in primary care electronic health records: retrospective study
Authors: Beaney Thomas , Clarke Jonathan , Woodcock Thomas , Majeed Azeem , Barahona Mauricio , Aylin Paul
Published: February 2024

Objective

To determine the extent to which the choice of timeframe used to define a long term condition affects the prevalence of multimorbidity and whether this varies with sociodemographic factors.

Design

Retrospective study of disease code frequency in primary care electronic health records.

Data sources

Routinely collected, general practice, electronic health record data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum were used.

Main outcome measures

Adults (≥18 years) in England who were registered in the database on 1 January 2020 were included. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more conditions from a set of 212 long term conditions. Multimorbidity prevalence was compared using five definitions. Any disease code recorded in the electronic health records for 212 conditions was used as the reference definition. Additionally, alternative definitions for 41 conditions requiring multiple codes (where a single disease code could indicate an acute condition) or a single code for the remaining 171 conditions were as follows: two codes at least three months apart; two codes at least 12 months apart; three codes within any 12 month period; and any code in the past 12 months. Mixed effects regression was used to calculate the expected change in multimorbidity status and number of long term conditions according to each definition and associations with patient age, gender, ethnic group, and socioeconomic deprivation.

Results

9 718 573 people were included in the study, of whom 7 183 662 (73.9%) met the definition of multimorbidity where a single code was sufficient to define a long term condition. Variation was substantial in the prevalence according to timeframe used, ranging from 41.4% (n=4 023 023) for three codes in any 12 month period, to 55.2% (n=5 366 285) for two codes at least three months apart. Younger people (eg, 50-75% probability for 18-29 yearsv1-10% for ≥80 years), people of some minority ethnic groups (eg, people in the Other ethnic group had higher probability than the South Asian ethnic group), and people living in areas of lower socioeconomic deprivation were more likely to be re-classified as not multimorbid when using definitions requiring multiple codes.

Conclusions

Choice of timeframe to define long term conditions has a substantial effect on the prevalence of multimorbidity in this nationally representative sample. Different timeframes affect prevalence for some people more than others, highlighting the need to consider the impact of bias in the choice of method when defining multimorbidity.
Depression and associated factors among HIV-positive smokers receiving care at HIV outpatient clinics in Vietnam: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Nguyen Nam Truong , Nguyen Trang , Vu Giap Van , Truong Nga , Pham Yen , Guevara Alvarez Gloria , Armstrong-Hough Mari , Shelley Donna
Published: February 2024

Objectives

To assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) who were current cigarette smokers and receiving treatment at HIV outpatient clinics (OPCs) in Vietnam.

Design

A cross-sectional survey of smokers living with HIV.

Setting

The study was carried out in 13 HIV OPCs located in Ha Noi, Vietnam.

Participants

The study included 527 PLWH aged 18 and above who were smokers and were receiving treatment at HIV OPCs.

Outcome measures

The study used the Centre for Epidemiology Scale for Depression to assess depressive symptoms. The associations between depressive symptoms, tobacco dependence and other characteristics were explored using bivariate and Poisson regression analyses.

Results

The prevalence of depressive symptoms among smokers living with HIV was 38.3%. HIV-positive smokers who were female (prevalence ratio, PR 1.51, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.22), unmarried (PR 2.06, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.76), had a higher level of tobacco dependence (PR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11) and reported their health as fair or poor (PR 1.66, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.26) were more likely to have depression symptoms compared with HIV-positive smokers who were male, married, had a lower level of tobacco dependence and self-reported their health as good, very good or excellent.

Conclusion

The prevalence of depressive symptoms among smokers receiving HIV care at HIV OPCs was high. Both depression and tobacco use screening and treatment should be included as part of ongoing care treatment plans at HIV OPCs.
How far back do we need to look to capture diagnoses in electronic health records? A retrospective observational study of hospital electronic health record data
Authors: Lewis Jadene , Evison Felicity , Doal Rominique , Field Joanne , Gallier Suzy , Harris Steve , le Roux Peta , Osman Mohammed , Plummer Chris , Sapey Elizabeth , Singer Mervyn , Sayer Avan A , Witham Miles D
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Analysis of routinely collected electronic health data is a key tool for long-term condition research and practice for hospitalised patients. This requires accurate and complete ascertainment of a broad range of diagnoses, something not always recorded on an admission document at a single point in time. This study aimed to ascertain how far back in time electronic hospital records need to be interrogated to capture long-term condition diagnoses.

Design

Retrospective observational study of routinely collected hospital electronic health record data.

Setting

Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (UK)-linked data held by the PIONEER acute care data hub.

Participants

Patients whose first recorded admission for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation (n=560) or acute stroke (n=2142) was between January and December 2018 and who had a minimum of 10 years of data prior to the index date.

Outcome measures

We identified the most common International Classification of Diseases version 10-coded diagnoses received by patients with COPD and acute stroke separately. For each diagnosis, we derived the number of patients with the diagnosis recorded at least once over the full 10-year lookback period, and then compared this with shorter lookback periods from 1 year to 9 years prior to the index admission.

Results

Seven of the top 10 most common diagnoses in the COPD dataset reached >90% completeness by 6 years of lookback. Atrial fibrillation and diabetes were >90% coded with 2–3 years of lookback, but hypertension and asthma completeness continued to rise all the way out to 10 years of lookback. For stroke, 4 of the top 10 reached 90% completeness by 5 years of lookback; angina pectoris was >90% coded at 7 years and previous transient ischaemic attack completeness continued to rise out to 10 years of lookback.

Conclusion

A 7-year lookback captures most, but not all, common diagnoses. Lookback duration should be tailored to the conditions being studied.
Generating light-matter one-way steering via radiation pressure
Authors: Qars Jamal El
Published: February 2024

Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering is a form of inseparable quantum correlations that exhibits an inherent asymmetric property, i.e. one-way steering. In this paper, we show that the radiation pressure effect can be profitably exploited to generate stationary Gaussian quantum steering between an optical cavity mode and a mechanical mode. The optical mode is driven by a blue-detuned laser within the unresolved sideband regime. Under realistic experimental conditions, we show that strong asymmetric steering can be generated between the two considered modes. Besides, we show that the direction of one-way steering can be controlled by varying the physical parameters of the system at hand (coupling, dissipation, and detuning). Also, we discuss how the generated steering can be estimated experimentally. The demonstrated optomechanical steering may have practical implications for asymmetric quantum information tasks, e.g. one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation.
Quantum mechanics on a p-adic Hilbert space: Foundations and prospects
Authors: Aniello Paolo , Mancini Stefano , Parisi Vincenzo
Published: February 2024

We review some recent results on the mathematical foundations of a quantum theory over a scalar field that is a quadratic extension of the non-Archimedean field of [Formula: see text]-adic numbers. In our approach, we are inspired by the idea — first postulated in [I. V. Volovich, [Formula: see text]-adic string, Class. Quantum Grav. 4 (1987) L83–L87] — that space, below a suitably small scale, does not behave as a continuum and, accordingly, should be modeled as a totally disconnected metrizable topological space, ruled by a metric satisfying the strong triangle inequality. The first step of our construction is a suitable definition of a [Formula: see text]-adic Hilbert space. Next, after introducing all necessary mathematical tools — in particular, various classes of linear operators in a [Formula: see text]-adic Hilbert space — we consider an algebraic definition of physical states in [Formula: see text]-adic quantum mechanics. The corresponding observables, whose definition completes the statistical interpretation of the theory, are introduced as SOVMs, a [Formula: see text]-adic counterpart of the POVMs associated with a standard quantum system over the complex numbers. Interestingly, it turns out that the typical convex geometry of the space of states of a standard quantum system is replaced, in the [Formula: see text]-adic setting, with an affine geometry; therefore, a symmetry transformation of a [Formula: see text]-adic quantum system may be defined as a map preserving this affine geometry. We argue that, as a consequence, the group of all symmetry transformations of a [Formula: see text]-adic quantum system has a richer structure with respect to the case of standard quantum mechanics over the complex numbers.
Use of Autoencoders for Improving the Performance of Classification and Interpretation of Convolutional Neural Networks in Histopathological Images
Authors: Macedo Daniel C. , de Paula Neto Fernando M. , Moraes Tasso L. O. , Santos Vinicius D. , de Lima John W. S.
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and it presents itself as being the leading cause of death among women. If its diagnosis occur soon enough, the probability to achieve the cure of the patient can be increased. Recently, it has been more common the use of deep neural network techniques to aid pathologists in their prognosis, but they still do not fully trust them because they lack interpretability. In light of that, this work investigates if previous training of the models as encoders could enhance their accuracy in both classification and interpretability. There were implemented three models to the BreakHis and BreCaHAD dataset: NASNet Mobile, DenseNET201, and MobileNetV2. The experiments have shown that the three models increased the classification performance and two models improved their interpretability using the proposed strategy. DenseNet201 encoder has performed almost 23% better than its vanilla version in classifying a tumor and the NASNet Mobile encoder has improved 28.5% in its tumor interpretation.
Families of metrics with positive scalar curvature on spectral sequence cobordisms
Authors: Gong Sherry
Published: February 2024

We study families of metrics on the cobordisms that underlie the differential maps in Bloom’s monopole Floer spectral sequence, a spectral sequence for links in [Formula: see text] whose [Formula: see text] page is the Khovanov homology of the link, and which abuts to the monopole Floer homology of the double branched cover of the link.

The higher differentials in the spectral sequence count parametrized moduli spaces of solutions to Seiberg–Witten equations, parametrized over a family of metrics with asymptotic behavior corresponding to a configuration of unlinks with 1-handle attachments. For a class of configurations, we construct families of metrics with the prescribed behavior, such that each metric therein has positive scalar curvature. The positive scalar curvature implies that there are no irreducible solutions to the Seiberg–Witten equations and thus, when the spectral sequences are computed with these families of metrics, only reducible solutions must be counted.

The class of configurations for which we construct these families of metrics includes all configurations that go into the spectral sequence for [Formula: see text] torus knots, and all configurations that involve exactly two 1-handle attachments.
Advocating for Generalizability: Accepting Inherent Variability in Translation of Animal Research Outcomes
Authors: Hankenson F.C. , Prager E.M. , Berridge B.R.
Published: February 2024

Advancing scientific discovery requires investigators to embrace research practices that increase transparency and disclosure about materials, methods, and outcomes. Several research advocacy and funding organizations have produced guidelines and recommended practices to enhance reproducibility through detailed and rigorous research approaches; however, confusion around vocabulary terms and a lack of adoption of suggested practices have stymied successful implementation. Although reproducibility of research findings cannot be guaranteed due to extensive inherent variables in attempts at experimental repetition, the scientific community can advocate for generalizability in the application of data outcomes to ensure a broad and effective impact on the comparison of animals to translation within human research. This report reviews suggestions, based upon work with National Institutes of Health advisory groups, for improving rigor and transparency in animal research through aspects of experimental design, statistical assessment, and reporting factors to advocate for generalizability in the application of comparative outcomes between animals and humans.
Effect of Elevated Temperature on Microstructural and Durability Properties of High‐Strength Concrete‐Containing Eggshell
Authors: Asgedom Samuel Sisay , Mitikie Bahiru Bewket
Published: February 2024

Researchers have recently discovered that eggshell contains a significant amount of calcium carbonate through the characteristics of both fresh and hardened concrete by partially substituting cement with eggshell powder (ESP) at room temperature. The objective of this experimental investigation was to examine the microstructural and durability characteristics of high‐strength concrete exposed to elevated temperatures using ESP as partial cement replacement. The impact of elevated temperature intensity (200, 400, 600, and 800°C) for one hour of exposure on the specimens and natural air‐cooling method was studied. Various ESP cement blending percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) were examined through different microstructural and durability tests such as workability, fire resistance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 3D optical surface profiler, air content tests, ultrasonic pulse velocity, weight loss, spalling and color changes, water absorption, and acid attack experimental tests. According to the findings, the amount of ESP exceed 5% replacement reduces the workability of fresh concrete mixtures. The best performance was reached by a mixture comprising 5%ESP specimens, with values of 63.41 and 64.07 MPa at ambient and 200°C, respectively. SEM results of 5%ESP at 200°C illustrate a decrease in the occurrence of pores and act as a bridge to form crystals between CH and C─S─H. The XRD result also indicates a high amount of jennite (C─S─H gel) was formed at 200°C due to the melting of ESP, which densifies the crystal of C─S─H. Regression analysis provided a more reliable expression for the relationship between the residual compressive strength and UPV with R2 values of 0.9833 and 0.9966 for control and 5%ESP mixes, respectively. As a result, it was determined that concrete with 5%ESP as a partial cement replacement performs better over time than control concrete and has the potential to be used in construction.
Impact of COVID‐19 in the Age of Computer‐Assisted Surgery: Cost and Effectiveness Comparison between Robotic and Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery in a Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Giroletti Laura , Salvi Daniele , Peluso Lorenzo , Albano Giovanni , Graniero Ascanio , Grazioli Valentina , Villari Nicola , Roscitano Claudio , Parrinello Matteo , Lanzarone Ettore , Agnino Alfonso
Published: February 2024

Background. We conducted a cost and effectiveness analysis comparing robotic vs minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (RMVS vs MIMVS). The aim was to assess whether the higher cost of the robotic technique could be mitigated by the clinical advantages. Methods. We included 118 patients undergoing RMVS and 233 patients undergoing MIMVS. Initially, RMVS experience was developed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A propensity score matching analysis was performed. Postoperative outcomes and cost of care were compared. Results. RMVS patients had significantly shorter ICU and hospital lengths of stay. They also had a significantly earlier return to home. The cost of the total hospitalization and healthcare services were also significantly lower. Conclusion. Shorter hospitalization and lower cost of postoperative healthcare services may mitigate the initial investment cost to purchase and maintain the robot. These benefits are all the more relevant considering that several RMVS treatments were carried out during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Multiple Solutions for Singular Systems with Sign-Changing Weight, Nonlinear Singularities and Critical Exponent
Authors: El Mokhtar Ould El Mokhtar Mohammed , Aljurbua Saleh Fahad
Published: February 2024

This paper is an attempt to establish the existence and multiplicity results of nontrivial solutions to singular systems with sign-changing weight, nonlinear singularities, and critical exponent. By using variational methods, the Nehari manifold, and under sufficient conditions on the parameter η which represent some physical meanings, we prove some existing results by researching the critical points as the minimizers of the energy functional associated with the proposed problem (2) on the constraint defined by the Nehari manifold, which are solutions of our system, under some sufficient conditions on the parameters α, β, μ, and η. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is one of the first contributions to the study of singular systems with sign-changing weight, nonlinear singularities, and critical exponent.
Numerical Simulation of a Gas Burner Using Mixed Propane/Ammonia Fuel
Authors: Xiao Hua , Wang Ziyu , Chen Aiguo , Nie Yuhong , Wang Changhong
Published: February 2024

In recent years, ammonia has received more and more interest to be used as carbon‐free energy. In the present study, a computational model of a burner for the domestic hot water boiler in the building has been developed. The combustion characteristics of propane/ammonia‐mixed fuel in the burner were investigated by numerical simulation under different ammonia blending ratios and equivalence ratios. Based on the flue gas concentration distribution of the numerical simulation results, the baseline carbon emission of hot water supply in a community was calculated. The results show that as the ammonia blending ratio increases, the overall combustion temperature decreases. At the outlet of the burner, when the ammonia blending ratio is 0.5, the emission concentration of carbon dioxide can be reduced by 31.4% compared to pure propane combustion. When the ammonia blending ratio increases from 0 to 50%, the carbon baseline emission decreases from 9.89 kg/GJ to 6.87 kg/GJ, and the carbon emission under the baseline decreases from 17.20 T to 11.94 T. The emission of NO pollutants remains basically unchanged due to the decrease of combustion temperature. It indicates that the mixed fuels can effectively reduce carbon emissions in domestic water heaters and have good potential for future application.
Experimental Investigation and Artificial Neural Network‐Based Prediction of Thermal Conductivity of Metal Oxide‐Enhanced Organic Phase‐Change Materials
Authors: Mohan Man , Dewangan Sheetal Kumar , Rao K. Raja , Lee Kwan , Ahn Byungmin
Published: February 2024

This research article presents a comprehensive study on the prediction of thermal conductivity (TC) as a primary outcome for an artificial neural network (ANN) model in the context of nanoenhanced phase change materials (NEPCMs). To improve predictive accuracy and to reduce variation within the NEPCM dataset, a targeted dataset was employed, consisting exclusively of NEPCMs synthesized using paraffin wax (PW) and metal oxide nanoparticles. Unlike existing empirical models that predict TC of NEPCM without simultaneously considering multiple factors influencing it, this study integrates multiple factors, providing a more accurate prediction of NEPCM thermal conductivity. Additionally, the study explores the impact of synthesis parameters on the thermal performance of NEPCMs, focusing on the examination of factors such as the melting temperature of pure phase change material (PCM), nanoparticle size, and NEPCM composition. The thermal characterizations demonstrate outstanding thermophysical properties in NEPCMs, particularly in terms of thermal conductivity, phase change enthalpy, and thermal stability compared to their respective base PCM. An ANN TC prediction model demonstrates exceptional correlation (>99%) with reported NEPCMs, providing a reliable tool for TC forecasting in similar NEPCM categories. The backpropagation ANN model predicts NEPCM TC with a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.031124 within eight epochs. The dataset used exhibits high fit values, with R‐values of 0.99825, 0.99208, and 0.9824 for training, validation, and testing, respectively. These values closely match experimentally determined TC, with less than 4% error.
TABLE 1 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

Detailed description of patient samples and applied genomic assays
Supplementary figure S5 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This figure shows the SGOL score for all patient samples with clinically relevant genes.
Supplementary figure S3 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This figure shows the distribution of point mutations identified in WES and ultra-deep Sequencing.
Supplementary figure S2 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This figure describes Co-relation of VAFs for deep-sequencing of Whole Exome Sequencing data from tumour samples.
Supplementary Table S9 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This table lists the cellular prevalence values for clones across each patient on this study.
Supplementary Table S8 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This table shows the genes in the germline sequencing panel for the targetted germline mutation assay.
Supplementary Table S7 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This table shows the annotation information from Annovar for clonal architecture of Patient P7
Supplementary Table S6 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This table shows the annotation information from Annovar for clonal architecture of Patient P4
Supplementary Table S4 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This tables shows the copy number variation data for all patients on this study
Supplementary Table S3 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This table shows the primer information for all point mutations in the targetted ultra-deep sequencing assay.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This file contains the supplementary materials and methods for this study.