bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concept of a miniature dipole trap system based on a simple-architecture grating chip
Authors: Zhu Yumeng , Wei Shiming , Duan Junyi , Yao Minghao , Wu Chenfei , Zhang Shengkang , Yu Zhilong , Zhou Yadong , Liu Xiaochi
Published: November 2023

This research presents the theoretical demonstration of a grating chip that can facilitate a miniature dipole trap system for rubidium atoms. The innovative chip design is expected to form both a magneto-optical trap and a dipole trap with a single laser. The paper further examines the dependence of the chip’s focusing properties and diffraction efficiency on its structural parameters. Findings confirm the proposed design’s ability to effectively trap atoms. The research also proposes a compact vacuum chamber design compatible with the grating chip. This design incorporates a non-evaporable getter and dispenser, utilizing materials with minimal outgassing and helium permeation rates.
All-dielectric metasurface with multiple Fano resonances supporting high-performance refractive index sensing
Authors: Zhao Chen , Huo Yiping , Liu Tong , Liao Zuxiong , Xu Congmu , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2023

All-dielectric metasurface has important application value in many fields, especially in refractive index sensing. In this paper, an all-dielectric metasurface composed of a silicon triangular-hole nanodisk array is designed and studied numerically. Through introducing asymmetry in the proposed metasurface and transforming the bound states in the continuum (BIC) into the quasi-BIC, three sharp Fano resonances with almost 100% modulation depth can be achieved, and the highest quality factor (Q-factor) can reach 49,915. Further, the three Fano resonances can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the structural parameters. Moreover, the sensing performance of the structure is researched by changing the ambient refractive index. The maximum sensitivity obtained is 248 nm/RIU, and the best figure of merit is 3815RIU−1. The proposed structure provides a scheme for the design of optical devices, especially refractive index sensors.
Refractive index sensor based on a D-shaped resonator and a stub resonator and its slow light characteristics
Authors: Qi Yunping , Zhao Shiyu , Shi Qiang , Wang Li , Wen Yujiao , Zhou Zihao , Zhang Shu , Wang Xiangxian
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a metal–insulator–metal waveguide structure is proposed based on a D-shaped resonator and a stub resonator, and it can generate multiple Fano resonances. The magnetic field (Z-direction) distribution and transmission spectrum of the structure are analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). The theory results are performed with the multimode interference coupled mode theory (MICMT), and they show high agreement with the simulation outcomes. The calculations also discuss the effect of structural parameters on the transmission spectrum. Moreover, the structure’s sensing characteristics are analyzed in detail, achieving a maximum sensitivity and FOM* of 1300 nm/RIU and 181.44, respectively. In addition, the slow light properties of the structure are also investigated, whose group delay and group index can reach 0.24 ps and 48.93, respectively. The group delay time is dynamically regulated by controlling the number of D-shaped resonators to achieve the effect of a delay line. It can provide some reference value for multifunctional on-chip optical integrated devices based on MIM waveguide structure.
Multipartite entanglement generation with high-order non-Hermitian exceptional points from dressing-controlled atomic nonlinearity
Authors: Yan Jin , Chen Lifan , Zheng Zhan , Wei Jiajia , Jiang Yaomin , Zhao Wenjing , Li Feng , Zhang Yanpeng , Cai Yin
Published: November 2023

Multipartite entanglement has emerged as a valuable quantum resource for constructing large-scale quantum networks. However, the presence of non-Hermitian features induced by natural microscopic quantum systems significantly modifies the overall response of nonlinear parametric processes, thereby enabling direct manipulation of multipartite entanglement properties. In this study, we demonstrate the generation of multimode entanglement through atomic four-wave mixing (FWM) and analyze the properties of exceptional points (EP) under dressing control in non-Hermitian systems. By leveraging dressing-controlled atomic nonlinearity, we achieve versatile EPs and higher-order EPs by carefully tuning the atomic multi-parameter in the cascading FWM system. Additionally, we investigate the entanglement properties of various permutations of the output signal modes using the positive partial transpose (PPT) criterion. Notably, under non-Hermitian control, the application of single-, double-, and N-dressing splits leads to coherent multichannel control and further extends the scale of quantum entanglement. The outcomes of our research offer a novel approach to actively control non-Hermitian quantum phenomena without relying on artificial photonic structures. Furthermore, this paves the way for the realization of complex quantum information tasks by exploiting the non-Hermitian characteristics of the light-matter interaction.
Security optimization of synchronization in DFB lasers under constant-amplitude random-phase drive light by reducing drive-response correlation
Authors: Zhang Yuhe , Wang Anbang , Xu Junpei , Wang Longsheng , Sun Yuehui , Zhang Xinhui , Mo Laihong , Qin Yuwen , Wang Yuncai
Published: November 2023

Common-signal-induced laser synchronization promoted a promising paradigm of high-speed physical key distribution. Constant-amplitude and random-phase (CARP) light was proposed as the common drive signal to enhance security by reducing the correlation between the drive and the laser response in intensity. However, the correlation in light phase is not examined. Here, we numerically reveal that the correlation coefficient of the CARP light phase and the response laser intensity (denoted as CCR-φD) can reach a value close to 0.6. Effects of parameters including optical frequency detuning, and modulation depth and noise bandwidth and transparency carrier density for CARP light generation are investigated in detail. By optimizing the optical frequency, modulation depth, and noise bandwidth, respectively, CCR-φD can be reduced to 0.32, 0.18, and 0.10. In the meantime, CCR-φD can be further reduced through secondary optimizing of parameters. CCR-φD can be further reduced by increasing transparent carrier density provided response laser synchronization is achieved. This work gives a new insight about the laser synchronization induced by common CARP light, and also contributes a suggestion of security improvement for physical key distribution based on laser synchronization.
Structure optimization of heterogeneous compound eye camera for improving the detection performance
Authors: Wu Qi , Zhang Hongxin , Wang Taisheng , Huang Jianbo , Xu Wenbin , Shi Chengyong
Published: November 2023

To achieve fast location, precise tracking and accurate identification over a large field of view (FOV), we have proposed a heterogeneous compound eye camera (HeCECam), which consists of a heterogeneous compound eye array, an optical relay system and a CMOS detector. However, the current HeCECam can hardly acquire high-precision 3D information of the targets to realize these applications. To solve this challenge, we propose a scheme on optimizing the structure of the HeCECam to improving the detection performance, including the optimization of the distribution uniformity of the sub-eyes with the proposed “Three-direction center-of-gravity subdivision (TGS)” and the enhancement of the compatibility between heterogeneous compound eyes and the optical relay system with the proposed compensation method for tilt. The TGS significantly reduces the distribution unevenness of sub-eyes down to 117% from the previous 152%, and provides symmetry to the heterogeneous compound eye array. The tilt compensation effectively addresses previous imaging defects, such as distortion of sub-images, increased stray light, and support structures being imaged, and it improves the imaging clarity of the system, especially in external FOV. Based on two proposed methods, we re-design and fabricate the heterogeneous compound eye array to obtain a high-performance prototype. To verify the imaging capacities of the optimized HeCECam, a series of comparison experiments are performed, including blank scene imaging, FOV tests, resolution verification and real-world scene imaging. The results show that the previous imaging defects have been well eliminated, and the optimized prototype has stronger resolving power and wider FOV. This allow the HeCECam to perform better in subsequent practical applications, such as wide-area surveillance, forewarning, and navigation.
Enhancing the spatial resolution of light-field displays without losing angular resolution by a computational subpixel realignment
Authors: Yang Wenchao , Cheng Yunfan , Zou Guowei , Yang Bo-Ru , Qin Zong
Published: November 2023

Low spatial resolution is an urgent problem in integral imaging light-field displays (LFDs). This study proposes a computational method to enhance the spatial resolution without losing angular resolution. How rays reconstruct voxels through lenslets is changed so that every ray through a lenslet merely provides a subpixel. The three subpixels of a pixel no longer form one voxel but three independent voxels. We further demonstrate imperfect integration of subpixels, called the sampling error, can be eliminated on specific image depths, including the central depth plane. By realigning subpixels in the above manner under no sampling error, the sampling rate of voxels is three times the conventional pixel-based LFDs. Moreover, the ray number of every voxel is preserved for an unaffected angular resolution. With unavoidable component alignment errors, resolution gains of 2.52 and 2.0 are verified in simulation and experiment by computationally updating the elemental image array. The proposed computational method further reveals that LFDs intrinsically have a higher space-bandwidth product than presumed.
scapGNN: A graph neural network–based framework for active pathway and gene module inference from single-cell multi-omics data
Authors: Han Xudong , Wang Bing , Situ Chenghao , Qi Yaling , Zhu Hui , Li Yan , Guo Xuejiang
Published: November 2023

Although advances in single-cell technologies have enabled the characterization of multiple omics profiles in individual cells, extracting functional and mechanistic insights from such information remains a major challenge. Here, we present scapGNN, a graph neural network (GNN)-based framework that creatively transforms sparse single-cell profile data into the stable gene–cell association network for inferring single-cell pathway activity scores and identifying cell phenotype–associated gene modules from single-cell multi-omics data. Systematic benchmarking demonstrated that scapGNN was more accurate, robust, and scalable than state-of-the-art methods in various downstream single-cell analyses such as cell denoising, batch effect removal, cell clustering, cell trajectory inference, and pathway or gene module identification. scapGNN was developed as a systematic R package that can be flexibly extended and enhanced for existing analysis processes. It provides a new analytical platform for studying single cells at the pathway and network levels.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) triggers dose-dependent homeostatic rewiring in recurrent neuronal networks
Authors: Anil Swathi , Lu Han , Rotter Stefan , Vlachos Andreas
Published: November 2023

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to induce neuronal plasticity in healthy individuals and patients. Designing effective and reproducible rTMS protocols poses a major challenge in the field as the underlying biomechanisms of long-term effects remain elusive. Current clinical protocol designs are often based on studies reporting rTMS-induced long-term potentiation or depression of synaptic transmission. Herein, we employed computational modeling to explore the effects of rTMS on long-term structural plasticity and changes in network connectivity. We simulated a recurrent neuronal network with homeostatic structural plasticity among excitatory neurons, and demonstrated that this mechanism was sensitive to specific parameters of the stimulation protocol (i.e., frequency, intensity, and duration of stimulation). Particularly, the feedback-inhibition initiated by network stimulation influenced the net stimulation outcome and hindered the rTMS-induced structural reorganization, highlighting the role of inhibitory networks. These findings suggest a novel mechanism for the lasting effects of rTMS, i.e., rTMS-induced homeostatic structural plasticity, and highlight the importance of network inhibition in careful protocol design, standardization, and optimization of stimulation.
Folding kinetics of an entangled protein
Authors: Salicari Leonardo , Baiesi Marco , Orlandini Enzo , Trovato Antonio
Published: November 2023

The possibility of the protein backbone adopting lasso-like entangled motifs has attracted increasing attention. After discovering the surprising abundance of natively entangled protein domain structures, it was shown that misfolded entangled subpopulations might become thermosensitive or escape the homeostasis network just after translation. To investigate the role of entanglement in shaping folding kinetics, we introduce a novel indicator and analyze simulations of a coarse-grained, structure-based model for two small single-domain proteins. The model recapitulates the well-known two-state folding mechanism of a non-entangled SH3 domain. However, despite its small size, a natively entangled antifreeze RD1 protein displays a rich refolding behavior, populating two distinct kinetic intermediates: a short-lived, entangled, near-unfolded state and a longer-lived, non-entangled, near-native state. The former directs refolding along a fast pathway, whereas the latter is a kinetic trap, consistently with known experimental evidence of two different characteristic times. Upon trapping, the natively entangled loop folds without being threaded by the N-terminal residues. After trapping, the native entangled structure emerges by either backtracking to the unfolded state or threading through the already formed but not yet entangled loop. Along the fast pathway, trapping does not occur because the native contacts at the closure of the lasso-like loop fold after those involved in the N-terminal thread, confirming previous predictions. Despite this, entanglement may appear already in unfolded configurations. Remarkably, a longer-lived, near-native intermediate, with non-native entanglement properties, recalls what was observed in cotranslational folding.
A general hypergraph learning algorithm for drug multi-task predictions in micro-to-macro biomedical networks
Authors: Jin Shuting , Hong Yue , Zeng Li , Jiang Yinghui , Lin Yuan , Wei Leyi , Yu Zhuohang , Zeng Xiangxiang , Liu Xiangrong
Published: November 2023

The powerful combination of large-scale drug-related interaction networks and deep learning provides new opportunities for accelerating the process of drug discovery. However, chemical structures that play an important role in drug properties and high-order relations that involve a greater number of nodes are not tackled in current biomedical networks. In this study, we present a general hypergraph learning framework, which introduces Drug-Substructures relationship into Molecular interaction Networks to construct the micro-to-macro drug centric heterogeneous network (DSMN), and develop a multi-branches HyperGraph learning model, called HGDrug, for Drug multi-task predictions. HGDrug achieves highly accurate and robust predictions on 4 benchmark tasks (drug-drug, drug-target, drug-disease, and drug-side-effect interactions), outperforming 8 state-of-the-art task specific models and 6 general-purpose conventional models. Experiments analysis verifies the effectiveness and rationality of the HGDrug model architecture as well as the multi-branches setup, and demonstrates that HGDrug is able to capture the relations between drugs associated with the same functional groups. In addition, our proposed drug-substructure interaction networks can help improve the performance of existing network models for drug-related prediction tasks.
MIWI N-terminal RG motif promotes efficient pachytene piRNA production and spermatogenesis independent of LINE1 transposon silencing
Authors: Wei Chao , Jing Jiongjie , Yan Xiaoyuan , Mann Jeffrey M. , Geng Ruirong , Xie Huirong , Demireva Elena Y. , Hess Rex A. , Ding Deqiang , Chen Chen
Published: November 2023

PIWI proteins and their associated piRNAs act to silence transposons and promote gametogenesis. Murine PIWI proteins MIWI, MILI, and MIWI2 have multiple arginine and glycine (RG)-rich motifs at their N-terminal domains. Despite being known as docking sites for the TDRD family proteins, the in vivo regulatory roles for these RG motifs in directing PIWI in piRNA biogenesis and spermatogenesis remain elusive. To investigate the functional significance of RG motifs in mammalian PIWI proteins in vivo, we genetically engineered an arginine to lysine (RK) point mutation of a conserved N-terminal RG motif in MIWI in mice. We show that this tiny MIWI RG motif is indispensable for piRNA biogenesis and male fertility. The RK mutation in the RG motif disrupts MIWI-TDRKH interaction and impairs enrichment of MIWI to the intermitochondrial cement (IMC) for efficient piRNA production. Despite significant overall piRNA level reduction, piRNA trimming and maturation are not affected by the RK mutation. Consequently, MiwiRK mutant mice show chromatoid body malformation, spermatogenic arrest, and male sterility. Surprisingly, LINE1 transposons are effectively silenced in MiwiRK mutant mice, indicating a LINE1-independent cause of germ cell arrest distinctive from Miwi knockout mice. These findings reveal a crucial function of the RG motif in directing PIWI proteins to engage in efficient piRNA production critical for germ cell progression and highlight the functional importance of the PIWI N-terminal motifs in regulating male fertility.
The association between human blood clot analogue computed tomography imaging, composition, contraction, and mechanical characteristics
Authors: Cruts Janneke M. H. , Giezen Jo-Anne , van Gaalen Kim , Beurskens Robert , Ridwan Yanto , Dijkshoorn Marcel L. , van Beusekom Heleen M. M. , Boodt Nikki , van der Lugt Aad , de Vries Judith J. , de Maat Moniek P. M. , Gijsen Frank J. H. , Cahalane Rachel M. E.
Published: November 2023

Background

Clot composition, contraction, and mechanical properties are likely determinants of endovascular thrombectomy success. A pre-interventional estimation of these properties is hypothesized to aid in selecting the most suitable treatment for different types of thrombi. Here we determined the association between the aforementioned properties and computed tomography (CT) characteristics using human blood clot analogues.

Methods

Clot analogues were prepared from the blood of 4 healthy human donors with 5 red blood cell (RBC) volume suspensions: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% RBCs. Contraction was measured as the weight of the contracted clots as a percentage of the original suspension. The clots were imaged using CT with and without contrast to quantify clot density and density increase. Unconfined compression was performed to determine the high strain compressive stiffness. The RBC content was analysed using H&E staining.

Results

The 5 RBC suspensions formed only two groups of clots, fibrin-rich (0% RBCs) and RBC-rich (>90% RBCs), as determined by histology. The density of the fibrin-rich clots was significantly lower (31-38HU) compared to the RBC-rich clots (72-89HU), and the density increase of the fibrin-rich clots was significantly higher (82-127HU) compared to the RBC-rich clots (3-17HU). The compressive stiffness of the fibrin-rich clots was higher (178–1624 kPa) than the stiffness of the RBC-rich clots (6–526 kPa). Additionally, the degree of clot contraction was higher for the fibrin-rich clots (89–96%) compared to the RBC-rich clots (11–77%).

Conclusions

CT imaging clearly reflects clot RBC content and seems to be related to the clot contraction and stiffness. CT imaging might be a useful tool in predicting the thrombus characteristics. However, future studies should confirm these findings by analysing clots with intermediate RBC and platelet content.
“I can’t pose a whole heap of questions that I know I don’t have time to follow up”—Exploring perceptions of an adolescent transition program
Authors: Fløtten Kjersti J. Ø. , Aujoulat Isabelle , Wyller Vegard B. B. , Solevåg Anne Lee
Published: November 2023

Background

Adolescent transition programs are patient education programs. They are geared towards enabling adolescents with chronic or long-term illnesses to become active partners in their health care and manage their own health. Although there is agreement about their importance, there is not an agreement on content or how they should be delivered. The study reported here was part of the first steps of an action research project.

Aim

Our aim was to explore how health professionals understand the program at our hospital, and their opinions of its implementation. This would advance our knowledge of the practice of the program to support its development.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 18 physicians and nurses. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. In our discussion of the generated data, we use the theory of practice architectures as a lens.

Results and discussion

We generated four themes through the analysis, namely “We are (back) at scratch”, “Time is always an issue”, “Getting them ready for what is to come–transition as a synonym to transfer” and “Raising topics that go beyond medical issues”. Changes to a practice requires changes to the practice architectures. Practice architectures can both enable and constrain a practice. Our analysis suggests a need for a more unified perception of the program goals, the cultural-discursive arrangements. Health professionals see time as a significant barrier to implementation and changes to the material-economic arrangements are particularly called for, i.e., more time, space and staff to practice the program. These also tie into the social-political arrangements of the program.

Conclusion

There are arrangements in the practice architecture that currently seem to constrain the practice of the program. The practice is currently fragmented both within and across subspecialties. Efforts should be made to establish a more shared understanding of the program among health professionals. Furthermore, we should investigate how the practice of the program can be better supported.
The structure of global cultural networks: Evidence from the diffusion of music videos
Authors: Dueñas Marco , Mandel Antoine
Published: November 2023

We apply the independent cascade network inference model to a large database of music videos to infer the structure of the global network of music diffusion. The derived network reveals an intricate topology–fully interconnected, exhibiting a modular structure, and characterized by asymmetric links. We explore the relationship between the identified bilateral cultural diffusion pathways and the geographical and cultural distances among countries, and key socioeconomic interactions such as international trade and migration. Additionally, we use a gravity model to ascertain the factors contributing to both the formation and the intensity of the estimated diffusion channels between countries. Our findings reveal that cultural, geographical, and historical factors serve as primary drivers of musical diffusion, downplaying the importance of economic factors. This study posits that these elements exert considerable force in shaping musical preferences across nations, making the emergence of a homogeneous global musical culture improbable. This exploration adds valuable insights to the discourse on the globalization of music and its potential cultural implications.
Amoeba predation of Cryptococcus: A quantitative and population genomic evaluation of the accidental pathogen hypothesis
Authors: Sauters Thomas J. C. , Roth Cullen , Murray Debra , Sun Sheng , Floyd Averette Anna , Onyishi Chinaemerem U. , May Robin C. , Heitman Joseph , Magwene Paul M.
Published: November 2023

The “Amoeboid Predator-Fungal Animal Virulence Hypothesis” posits that interactions with environmental phagocytes shape the evolution of virulence traits in fungal pathogens. In this hypothesis, selection to avoid predation by amoeba inadvertently selects for traits that contribute to fungal escape from phagocytic immune cells. Here, we investigate this hypothesis in the human fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus deneoformans. Applying quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and comparative genomics, we discovered a cross-species QTL region that is responsible for variation in resistance to amoeba predation. In C. neoformans, this same QTL was found to have pleiotropic effects on melanization, an established virulence factor. Through fine mapping and population genomic comparisons, we identified the gene encoding the transcription factor Bzp4 that underlies this pleiotropic QTL and we show that decreased expression of this gene reduces melanization and increases susceptibility to amoeba predation. Despite the joint effects of BZP4 on amoeba resistance and melanin production, we find no relationship between BZP4 genotype and escape from macrophages or virulence in murine models of disease. Our findings provide new perspectives on how microbial ecology shapes the genetic architecture of fungal virulence, and suggests the need for more nuanced models for the evolution of pathogenesis that account for the complexities of both microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions.
Digitalization and value co-creation in the context of social entrepreneurship
Authors: Mursalzade Hikmat , Molnár László , Saraswati Haruming S.
Published: November 2023

A tanulmány célja annak a szakirodalomnak az áttekintése, amely a digitalizáció, a közös értékteremtés és a társadalmi vállalkozások metszetében helyezkedik el, rávilágítva a területek kapcsolódására. A szerzők szisztematikus irodalomáttekintést végeztek, melynek során 61 cikket tekintettek át összegezve, szintetizálva azok főbb eredményeit. Az áttekintés során azonosították a kutatási hézagokat, illetve a három szakirodalmi irányzat (digitalizáció, a közös értékteremtés és a társadalmi vállalkozások) közötti összefüggések további kutatást igénylő területeit, különös tekintettel a COVID-19 fókusz hiányára. Végezetül, elméleti következtetéseket fogalmaztak meg, illetve a digitalizáció, a közös értékteremtés és a társadalmi vállalkozások kutatásaival kapcsolatosan javaslatokat tesznek a jövőbeli kutatási irányokra.
Towards the development of obstacle detection in railway tracks using thermal imaging
Authors: Vivek Veeman , Hemalatha Jeyaprakash , Latchoumi Thamarai Pugazhendhi , Mohan Sekar
Published: November 2023

To prevent collisions between trains and objects on the railway line, rugged trains require an intelligent rail protection system. To improve railway safety and reduce the number of accidents, studies are underway. Machine learning (ML) had progressed rapidly, creating new perspectives on the subject. A technique called speed up robust features (SURF) is proposed by researchers to collect regionally and globally relevant information. In addition, taking advantage of the Ohio State University (OSU) heat walker benchmarking dataset, the effectiveness of this technique was examined under various lighting scenarios. This technology could help in reducing train accident rates and financial costs. The findings of the proposed methodology are very specific, in addition to the ability to quickly identify items (obstacles) on the railway line, both of which contribute to rail security. The proposed faster region based convolutional neural network (FR-CNN) with 2D singular spectrum analysis (SSA) improves the performance analysis of an accuracy of 90.2%, recall 95.6% and precision 94.6% when compared with an existing system YOLOv2 and YOLOv5 with 2D SSA.
Reflection on systemic aspects of consciousness
Authors: Běinová Zuzana
Published: November 2023

Today's quick development of artificial intelligence (AI) brings us to the questions that have until recently been the domain of philosophy or even sciencefiction. When can be a system considered an intelligent one? What is a consciousness and where it comes from? Can systems gain consciousness? It is necessary to have in mind, that although the development seems to be a revolutionary one, the progress is successive, today's technologies did not emerge from thin air, they are firmly built on previous findings. As now some wild thoughts and theories where the AI development leads to have arisen, it is time to look back at the background theories and summarize, what do we know on the topics of intelligence, consciousness, where they come from and what are different viewpoints on these topics. This paper combines the findings from different areas and present overview of different attitudes on systems consciousness and emphasizes the role of systems sciences in helping the knowledge in this area.
Ebbs and Flows
Authors: Jackson Jason Baird
Published: November 2023

This item is an editorial note prefacing Museum Anthropology Review volume 8, number 2.
Editorial Board
Authors: . .
Published: November 2023

Members of Textual Culture's editorial board.
Audycje Zygmunta Haupta w Głosie Ameryki: amerykańska literatura, sztuka, nauka i życie społeczne
Authors: Krupa Barbara
Published: November 2023

W artykule omówiono audycje przygotowywane przez Zygmunta Haupta dla Głosu Ameryki w latach 1951–1958. Skrypty audycji stanowią część archiwum pisarza znajdującego się w Kolekcji Zbiorów Specjalnych Biblioteki im. C.H. Greena na Uniwersytecie Stanforda w Kalifornii. Audycje poświęcone życiu literackiemu, kulturalnemu i naukowemu w USA są istną kopalnią wiedzy o współczesnej Hauptowi Ameryce. Większość z nich ma charakter ściśle informacyjny i popularyzatorski, chociaż nie brak audycji o wydźwięku propagandowym. Szczególną wartość informacyjną mają audycje o poszczególnych utworach, gatunkach i prądach literackich oraz muzycznych. Inne omawiają poszczególnych autorów i kompozytorów. Kolejne przedstawiają kulturę, naukę, zwyczaje i codzienne życie Amerykanów. W artykule przeanalizowano kilka serii: American Literature (Literatura amerykańska), What America Is Reading? (Co Ameryka czyta), American Panorama (Panorama amerykańska), Music in America (Muzyka w Ameryce), Musicals from Broadway (Musicale z Broadwayu) oraz Cultural Life In America (Życie kulturalne Ameryki).
Problematyka łączenia mandatu parlamentarnego ze stanowiskami członka Rady Ministrów i sekretarza stanu w administracji rządowej
Authors: Jaworski Arkadiusz
Published: November 2023

Celem artykułu jest analiza wyjątku od zasady incompatibilitas, ustanowionego w art. 103 ust. 1 in fine Konstytucji RP, pozwalającego na łączenie mandatu parlamentarnego ze stanowiskami członka Rady Ministrów i sekretarza stanu w administracji rządowej. Analizie poddano uregulowanie zasady incompatibilitas w kontekście mandatu parlamentarnego i wyjątku od niej w Konstytucji RP oraz to, jak doktryna i orzecznictwo interpretują omawiany wyjątek. Poddano również ocenie pozytywne i negatywne aspekty możliwości łączenia funkcji w ramach władzy ustawodawczej i wykonawczej. Do badań zastosowano m.in. metodę dogmatycznoprawną oraz historyczną. Autor negatywnie ocenia ustanowienie omawianego wyjątku przez ustrojodawcę, jako niekorzystnego dla funkcjonowania władzy ustawodawczej. Postuluje jednocześnie wprowadzenie instytucji zawieszenia mandatu na czas zasiadania w rządzie, a także instytucji tzw. zastępcy, wykonującego obowiązki parlamentarzysty w miejsce członka rządu.
A Tide that Lifts Some Boats: Assessing the Macroeconomic Effects of EU Enlargement
Authors: Zonda Joe Maganga , Lin Chang-Ching , Chang Ming-Jen
Published: November 2023

Based on two-country scenarios (entrants vs. incumbents), this paper employs the synthetic control method to quantify the macroeconomic effects of the European Union (EU) enlargement, and examines whether these effects varied before, during, and after economic crises. We find that enlargement effects are very complex, and significantly varied across economic cycles and the country groups. In particular, EU enlargement induced large and positive effects on the entrants which were merely stifled in the wake of the financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis. In the interim, the 2004 enlargement triggered an instantaneous negative shock on the incumbents which was further exacerbated by the crises. Subsequently, the entrants recovered beyond their pre-crises gains, registering approximately 14 % higher per capita incomes by 2019, with Poland emerging as a clear winner. Meanwhile, incumbents’ per capita incomes have, on average, declined by approximately 9 %. While our findings largely support the notion that the entrants are en route to catching up with their incumbent counterparts, a formal β-convergence analysis exploiting the observed and synthetic data intuitively confirms that EU integration reduces the half-life by 50 %.
Liouville theorems for Kirchhoff-type parabolic equations and system on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Shi Wei
Published: November 2023

In this article, the Liouville theorems for the Kirchhoff-type parabolic equations on the Heisenberg group were established. The main technique for proving the result relies on the method of test functions.
The crystal structure of 3-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)methyl)-5,5-diphenyl-6-(p-tolyl) tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one, C41H42O2Si
Authors: Zhai Xiao-Feng , Lin Shi-Hong , Zhou Zhao-Zhao , Ding Haixin
Published: November 2023

C41H42O2Si, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.1100(17) Å, b = 15.8352(19) Å, c = 16.644(2) Å, β = 110.659(2)°, V = 3479.7(7) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0540, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1633, T = 296.15 K.
Population Age Structure and the Vulnerability of States to Coups d’État
Authors: Cincotta Richard
Published: November 2023

This essay responds to recent critiques of the U.S. State Department’s inconsistent application of congressionally mandated foreign-aid restrictions following several successful coups d’état in countries receiving USAID foreign assistance. This demographic analysis, which conforms to an age-structural modeling and forecasting protocol that was originally developed for U.S. strategic intelligence efforts, finds: (1.) a disproportionately high level of coup vulnerability (the probability of experiencing a successful coup) among youthful countries (median age equal to or less than 25.5 years), particularly among states in the early-youthful segment of this phase (median age equal to or less than 20.5 years); and (2.) a dramatic one-time decline in coup vulnerability among all phases of the age-structural transition following the end of the Cold War. This essay’s two-decade forecast of an expected gradual decline in coups is consistent with the slow and halting pace of age-structural change that is currently projected by the 2022 revision of the UN Population Division’s medium scenario for countries along the equatorial midriff of Africa, and in parts of the Middle East and southcentral Asia. These findings support an alternative criticism – not of the U.S. State Department’s reluctance to restrict foreign assistance to coup perpetrators, but of currently mandated restrictions that neglect to exempt USAID programs known to advance the age-structural transition (i.e. those that extend girls’ educational attainment, improve access to family planning and other reproductive health services, or expand women’s autonomy and rights).
Nonlinear vibration of microbeams subjected to a uniform magnetic field and rested on nonlinear elastic foundation
Authors: Bağdatlı Süleyman Murat , Togun Necla , Yapanmış Burak Emre , Akkoca Şevki
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the nonlinear vibration motions of the Euler–Bernoulli microbeam on a nonlinear elastic foundation in a uniform magnetic field based on Modified Couple Stress Theory (MCST). The effect of size, foundation, and magnetic field on the nonlinear vibration motion of microbeam has been examined. The governing equations related to the nonlinear vibration motions of the microbeam are obtained by using Hamilton’s Principle, and the Multiple Time Scale Method was used to obtain the solutions for the governing equations. The linear natural frequencies of microbeam are presented in the table according to nonlinear parameters and boundary conditions. The linear and nonlinear natural frequency ratio graphs are shown. The present study results are also compared with previous work for validation. It is observed that length scale parameters and magnetic force have a more significant effect on the natural frequency of microbeams. It is seen that when the linear elastic foundation coefficient, the Pasternak foundation and the magnetic force effects increase, the ratio of nonlinear and linear natural frequency decreases.
A indispensabilidade das redes interpessoais na República Romana
Authors: Manha da Costa Rafaela
Published: November 2023

O desterro de um cidadão não implica tão somente isolamento geográfico de sua cidade originária, indica sobretudo o afastamento de seu centro social e político. Na Antiguidade, essa exclusão poderia prejudicar a carreira e o status do exilado em níveis críticos. Marco Túlio Cícero experienciou o exílio entre 58 a 57 A.E.C. e especialmente por meio de seus registros epistolares faz-se possível remontar os desafios que o atingiram neste período. Distante de todos, Cícero encontrou nas redes de sociabilidade um caminho seguro para manter-se conectado a Roma. Nesse processo, destaca-se o vínculo que mantinha com Tito Pompônio Ático e Pompeu Magno. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar essa influência exercida por essa tríade na aceitação do retorno do senador exilado, bem como considerar a função desempenhada por cada um dos personagens dentro dessa rede de contato.
A estesia do anime japonês e as suas possibilidades no ensino de história
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira da Silva Kamylla
Published: November 2023

As reflexões desse artigo se desdobram a partir do encontro entre os caminhos das animações japonesas e do ensino de história, cujo intuito é delinear direções que insiram o estudante em um lugar de protagonismo e o instigue a construir afetos, desconstruir estereótipos e a se constituir enquanto cidadão e sujeito crítico. Para tanto, problematizaremos as relações entre a didática da história e a historiografia a partir das contribuições de autores como Jörn Rüsen, Fernando Cerri e Bodo von Borries. Já as discussões sobre as animações japonesas partirão, principalmente, dos estudos efetuados por Sonia Bide Luyten e André Noro dos Santos. Desse modo, entrelaçaremos saberes que, apesar de distintos, podem se tornar complementares se bem articulados, pois acreditamos que “o poder da fantasia não deve ser subestimado”.
Critical Thought and Social Sciences in Ecuador: Autonomy and Politicization of the Intellectual Field
Authors: Vidal-Barrios Pablo , Cortés Alexis , Morales Juan Jesús , Villalobos Cristóbal , Martínez-Sierra Jordan
Published: November 2023

This paper shows how Ecuadorian critical production can be considered a virtuous case of interaction between autonomy and politicization of the intellectual field. Proposing a reflection based on the Antología del pensamiento crítico ecuatoriano contemporáneo (Anthology of contemporary Ecuadorian critical thought), edited by Gioconda Herrera (2018) and published by the Latin American Council of Social Sciences in the context of its fiftieth anniversary, this paper shows the marked link between critical thought in Ecuador and the institutional development of the social sciences. Important levels of academic professionalization are exhibited without implying a diminishing or limitation of the field’s transformative and contesting role. At the same time, analysis shows that, despite the pluralization of thought—with a corresponding diversification of the social actors of change and themes addressed—Ecuadorian critical thought has remained anchored to debates of concrete reality over time. Thus, contrary to what might be expected, politicization does not hinder the development of the social sciences, nor does professionalization depoliticize it.
Bio-dome in the classes of the school subject “The world around us” when studying the topic “The water cycle in nature”
Authors: Mumrikov Oleg , Shakhova Marya
Published: November 2023

The topic "The Water Cycle", which is part of the discipline "The World Around Us", requires visual material for better understanding by younger students. The justification for this statement lies in the predominance of the visual-imaginative type of thinking over the verbal-logical type of thinking in younger students. In this regard, the abstract natural science material in the educational process of primary school, as a rule, is studied through experiments and experiments. We offer for consideration a visual material, which until recently had almost no scientific coverage: a children's scientific and entertaining set "Bio-dome", simulating the biosphere of the planet Earth and assuming interactive participation of students, including work in groups. The aim of this article is to describe the effectiveness of using the Bio-dome in laboratory experiments with elementary school students in studying the topic "The Water Cycle in Nature" based on the results of an empirical study. During the practical research the following methods were used: testing of elementary schoolchildren, laboratory experiment with a bio-dome and a pedagogical experiment. The study was conducted on the basis of the state budgetary educational institution of the city of Moscow "School N 1561". The results showed the effectiveness and prospects of using the bio-dome in the lessons of the discipline "The World Around Us" in the elementary school.
Allowable Tensile Stresses for Prestressed Concrete
Authors:   PCI Committee on Allowable Stresses in Prestressed Concrete Design
Published: November 2023

This committee report gives the rationale behind the use of higher tensile stresses in flexural members.
A novel adaptive sampling algorithm for cyber-physical systems
Authors: Molhem Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Sensors are the main components in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), which transmit large amounts of physical values and big data to computing platforms for processing. On the other hand, the embedded processors (as edge devices in fog computing) spend most of their time reading the sensor signals as compared with computing time. The impact of sensors on the performance of fog computing is very great, thus, the enhancement of the reading time of sensors will positively affect the performance of fog computing, and solves the CPS challenges such as delay, timed precision, temporal behavior, energy, and cost. In this paper, we propose an algorithm based on the 1st derivative of the sensor signal to generate an adaptive sampling frequency. The proposed algorithm uses an adaptive frequency to capture the sudden and rapid change in sensor signal in the steady state. Finally, we realize and tested it using the Ptolemy II Modeling Environment.
The Moral Discourse in the Contemporary World Starting from the Ontological Vulnerability of the Creature
Authors: Saponaro Maria-Benedetta
Published: November 2023

The vulnerability, as an onto-anthropological condition of the human, in the posture of fragility and limitation tends man towards the things of the world. It is, therefore, an ontological condition of finitude and fragility, but it is also an ethical posture. The intention is to outline the ambivalence of vulnerability: a permanent and inevitable contingent condition, that exposes man to fortune (tyche) and at the same time projects him into the horizons of value. Through Martha Nussbaum’s reading of Aristotle’s thought, we intend to reflect on the nous of the concept of vulnerability, as ontological prius of every universal principle.
Existence and uniqueness of the stationary state of elastic tubes conveying power law fluid
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Poroshina Anastasia , Vedeneev Vasily ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2023

Instability of elastic tubes with flowing fluid has been studied in many papers theoretically and experimentally in the context of biological applications. Up to the present day, only Newtonian fluid flowing in collapsible tubes has been studied. However, there are circumstances when blood, gall, and other biological fluids have essentially non-Newtonian properties. An important feature of the biological fluids motions in elastic vessels is the possibility of an oscillatory flow. Several mechanisms are possible for the appearance of such flow conditions. When the pressure inside of the tube is substantially lower than external pressure, the tube loses stability that yields the appearance of oscillations. Oscillations can also start due to non-existence of the steady state of the tube conveying fluid. In this paper, existence and uniqueness of axisymmetric states of collapsible tube conveying power law fluids have been theoretically studied. The qualitative analytical investigation of the equations of the motion has been conducted for the stationary state of the tube. As a result, the stationary state for the motion of an inviscid fluid with a given velocity profile always exists for short tubes and for arbitrarily long tubes under certain conditions. However, when viscosity is taken into account, the tube can only have a finite length, which leads to the appearance of non-stationary motion, as the only possible. Moreover, the state of tube satisfying the boundary conditions can be non-unique depending on the Reynolds number and certain additional conditions.
Análise do microcrédito no fomento de pequenos negócios
Authors: Noronha Antônio Renato Bezerra , Moreira Márcia Athayde , Martins Cyntia Meireles
Published: November 2023

Esta pesquisa analisou a influência do microcrédito no desenvolvimento de pequenos negócios. Sob a ótica teórica, argumentou-se a importância do crédito para o desenvolvimento de negócios, fundamentado na Teoria do Desenvolvimento Econômico de Schumpeter e na Teoria do Desenvolvimento como Liberdade de Amartya Sem. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de entrevistas, com 12 empreendedores que tomaram o microcrédito há mais de 12 meses, estabelecidos no município de Belém – PA. Homens e mulheres em igual condição, obtiveram crescimento de renda e geração de trabalho, para si, seus familiares e também para pessoas que vivem na comunidade, conseguindo atingir melhores condições de qualidade de vida, ampliando sua independência financeira e realizações pessoais. A avaliação do repagamento aos bancos indicou que empreendedores que utilizaram adequadamente os recursos em seus empreendimentos conseguiram atingir melhores resultados e cumprir com suas responsabilidades junto aos bancos. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa corroborou, na realidade local, pesquisas anteriores que observaram o microcrédito como um elemento importante para o crescimento de pequenos negócios.