bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transient Analysis of a Single Server Queue with Working Vacation Operating in a Multi-Level Environment Controlled by a Random Switch
Authors: Ramesh Akshaya , Udayabaskaran S.
Published: November 2023

A single server queueing system with working vacation operating in a multi-level environment controlled by a random switch is considered. The environment has [Formula: see text] levels and the random switch puts the server in one of the [Formula: see text] levels to perform a service. The server resides in a level and reports to the random switch immediately after completing the service of the last customer in the queue. The random switch initiates an assignment process immediately at the arrival of a customer. The assignment process takes a random time and immediately at the end of the assignment interval, the server is put to operate in any one of the [Formula: see text] levels with a positive probability. In each level [Formula: see text] of the environment, the queueing system behaves like an [Formula: see text] queue and switches to a working vacation at a random time and serves with a lesser rate [Formula: see text] During the working vacation, all newly arriving customers are lost. When the server is with the control switch, customers are permitted to join in the queue. For this model, time-dependent state probabilities are explicitly found and the corresponding steady-state probabilities are deduced. Some key performance measures are also obtained. A numerical study is also made.
Solving Fuzzy Convex Programming Problems via a Projection Neural Network Framework
Authors: Jahangiri Mohammadreza , Nazemi Alireza
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the solution of the fuzzy nonlinear optimization problems (FNLOPs) is given using a projection recurrent neural network (RNN) scheme. Since there is a few research for resolving of FNLOP by RNNs, we describe a new framework to solve the problem. By reformulating the original program to an interval problem and then weighting problem, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions are obtained. Moreover, we utilize the KKT conditions into a RNN as a capable tool to solve the problem. Besides, the global convergence and the Lyapunov stability of the neuro-dynamic model are established. In the final step, some simulation examples are stated to validate the obtained results. Reported results are compared with some other previous neural networks.
Morse functions and real Lagrangian thimbles on adjoint orbits
Authors: Gasparim Elizabeth , San Martin Luiz A. B.
Published: November 2023

We compare Lagrangian thimbles for the potential of a Landau–Ginzburg model to the Morse theory of its real part. We explore Landau–Ginzburg models defined using Lie theory, constructing their real Lagrangian thimbles explicitly and comparing them to the stable and unstable manifolds of the real gradient flow.
Double Johnson filtrations for mapping class groups
Authors: Habiro Kazuo , Vera Anderson
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we first develop a general theory of Johnson filtrations and Johnson homomorphisms for a group [Formula: see text] acting on another group [Formula: see text] equipped with a filtration indexed by a “good” ordered commutative monoid. Then, specializing it to the case where the monoid is the additive monoid [Formula: see text] of pairs on non-negative integers, we obtain a theory of double Johnson filtrations and homomorphisms. We apply this theory to the mapping class group [Formula: see text] of a surface [Formula: see text] with one boundary component, equipped with the normal subgroups [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] associated to a standard Heegaard splitting of the [Formula: see text]-sphere. We also consider the case where the group [Formula: see text] is the automorphism group of a free group.
Remark on ordered braid groups
Authors: Nikolaev Igor V.
Published: November 2023

We recover the Dehornoy order on the braid group [Formula: see text] from the tracial state on a cluster [Formula: see text]-algebra [Formula: see text] associated to the surface [Formula: see text] of genus [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] boundary components. It is proved that the space of left-ordering of the fundamental group [Formula: see text] is a totally disconnected dense subspace of the projective Teichmüller space [Formula: see text]. In particular, each left-ordering of [Formula: see text] defines the orbit of a Riemann surface [Formula: see text] under the geodesic flow on the space [Formula: see text].
Surveying the landscape of text summarization with deep learning: A comprehensive review
Authors: Wang Guanghua , Wu Weili
Published: November 2023

In recent years, deep learning has revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) by enabling the development of models that can learn complex representations of language data, leading to significant improvements in performance across a wide range of NLP tasks. Deep learning models for NLP typically use large amounts of data to train deep neural networks, allowing them to learn the patterns and relationships in language data. This is in contrast to traditional NLP approaches, which rely on hand-engineered features and rules to perform NLP tasks. The ability of deep neural networks to learn hierarchical representations of language data, handle variable-length input sequences, and perform well on large datasets makes them well-suited for NLP applications. Driven by the exponential growth of textual data and the increasing demand for condensed, coherent, and informative summaries, text summarization has been a critical research area in the field of NLP. Applying deep learning to text summarization refers to the use of deep neural networks to perform text summarization tasks. In this survey, we begin with a review of fashionable text summarization tasks in recent years, including extractive, abstractive, multi-document, and so on. Next, we discuss most deep learning-based models and their experimental results on these tasks. The paper also covers datasets and data representation for summarization tasks. Finally, we delve into the opportunities and challenges associated with summarization tasks and their corresponding methodologies, aiming to inspire future research efforts to advance the field further. A goal of our survey is to explain how these methods differ in their requirements as understanding them is essential for choosing a technique suited for a specific setting. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive review of existing techniques, evaluation methodologies, and practical applications of automatic text summarization.
Certain operations on interval-valued picture fuzzy graphs with application
Authors: Adhikari Biswajit Das , Banerjee Avisek , Amanathulla Sk , Mondal Sukumar
Published: November 2023

Graph theory has various applications in computer science, such as image segmentation, clustering, data mining, image capturing, and networking. Fuzzy graph (FG) theory has been widely adopted to handle uncertainty in graph-related problems. Interval-valued picture fuzzy graphs (IVPFGs) are a generalization of FGs, interval-valued FGs, intuitionistic fuzzy graphs (IFGs), and interval-valued IFGs. This paper introduces the concept of interval-valued picture fuzzy sets to graph theory and presents a new type of graph called the IVPFG. Within this framework, we define the degree, order, and size of IVPFGs. The paper further explores various operations on IVPFGs, including the Cartesian product, composition, join, and union. The paper delves into the properties of these operations, providing proofs and examples to support the findings. By studying the operations on IVPFGs, we can gain insights into their behavior and leverage this knowledge for solving graph-based problems in the presence of uncertainty. Also, an application regarding merging of community is provided.
On some new inequalities and fractional kinetic equations associated with extended gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric function
Authors: Chandola Ankita , Pandey Rupakshi Mishra
Published: November 2023

Fractional kinetic equations are of immense importance in describing and solving numerous intriguing problems of physics and astrophysics. Inequalities are important topics in special functions. In this paper, we studied the monotonicity of the extended Gauss and confluent hypergeometric function that are derived by using the inequalities on generalized beta function involving Appell series and Lauricella function. We also establish generalized fractional kinetic equation involving extended hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions. The solutions of generalized fractional kinetic equation is derived and studied as an application of extended hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric function using the General integral transform. The results obtained here are general and can be used to derive many new solutions of fractional kinetic equations involving various types of special functions.
Governance and Conservation Effectiveness in Protected Areas and Indigenous and Locally Managed Areas
Authors: Zhang Yin , West Paige , Thakholi Lerato , Suryawanshi Kulbhushansingh , Supuma Miriam , Straub Dakota , Sithole Samantha S. , Sharma Roshan , Schleicher Judith , Ruli Ben , Rodríguez-Rodríguez David , Rasmussen Mattias Borg , Ramenzoni Victoria C. , Qin Siyu , Pugley Deborah Delgado , Palfrey Rachel , Oldekop Johan , Nuesiri Emmanuel O. , Nguyen Van Hai Thi , Ndam Nouhou , Mungai Catherine , Milne Sarah , Mabele Mathew Bukhi , Lucitante Sadie , Lucitante Hugo , Liljeblad Jonathan , Kiwango Wilhelm Andrew , Kik Alfred , Jones Nikoleta , Johnson Melissa , Jarrett Christopher , James Rachel Sapery , Holmes George , Gibson Lydia N. , Ghoddousi Arash , Geldmann Jonas , Gebara Maria Fernanda , Edwards Thera , Dressler Wolfram H. , Douglas Leo R. , Dimitrakopoulos Panayiotis G. , Davidov Veronica , Compaoré-Sawadogo Eveline M.F.W. , Collins Yolanda Ariadne , Cepek Michael , Burow Paul Berne , Brockington Dan , Balinga Michael Philippe Bessike , Austin Beau J. , Astuti Rini , Ampumuza Christine , Agyei Frank Kwaku
Published: November 2023

Increased conservation action to protect more habitat and species is fueling a vigorous debate about the relative effectiveness of different sorts of protected areas. Here we review the literature that compares the effectiveness of protected areas managed by states and areas managed by Indigenous peoples and/or local communities. We argue that these can be hard comparisons to make. Robust comparative case studies are rare, and the epistemic communities producing them are fractured by language, discipline, and geography. Furthermore the distinction between these different forms of protection on the ground can be blurred. We also have to be careful about the value of this sort of comparison as the consequences of different forms of conservation for people and nonhuman nature are messy and diverse. Measures of effectiveness, moreover, focus on specific dimensions of conservation performance, which can omit other important dimensions. With these caveats, we report on findings observed by multiple study groups focusing on different regions and issues whose reports have been compiled into this article. There is a tendency in the data for community-based or co-managed governance arrangements to produce beneficial outcomes for people and nature. These arrangements are often accompanied by struggles between rural groups and powerful states. Findings are highly context specific and global generalizations have limited value.
Sulphuric Acid-Modified Coal Fly Ash for the Removal of Rhodamine B Dye from Water Environment: Isotherm, Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Balji G. Bharath , Kumar P. Senthil
Published: November 2023

Among the wide variety of dyes present in the environment, cationic dyes are more toxic and have complex structure. The adsorption process of rhodamine B dye was successfully carried out by sulphuric acid-treated inexpensive modified fly ash (MFA) adsorbent via batch experiments. The nature of the adsorbent was characterized by techniques, namely, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The maximum removal efficiency of RhB dye was found to be 99.78% by using 0.5 g of adsorbent dosage in 50 mg/L of dye concentration. The SEM images displayed the porous nature of the adsorbent where the EDS analysis displays the elemental compositions present in the adsorbent. XRD pattern shows the crystallinity nature of the adsorbent. Among the batch study parameters, effect of pH plays an important role in the adsorption process. The pH of 4 was found to be an ideal setting for the efficient removal of the dye RhB. The preferable elimination ability was found by keeping the dosage at 5 g/L, contact time 120 min, and dye concentration at 50 mg/L. Adsorption capacity was found to be 36.36 mg/g. This shows the ability of the MFA for the removal of wastewater contaminants. This adsorption process is well suited for the Freundlich isotherm, which displaces the process as a multilayer adsorption. Studies in kinetics and thermodynamics demonstrate that the process was well suited for its exothermic nature and pseudo-second-order. Thermal regeneration studies were carried out, and the adsorbent was effectively recycled and utilized up to four more times with minimal loses in its effectiveness. Therefore, from these obtained results, it is clear that the MFA is an effective adsorbent for the effective removal of dyes from wastewater.
Complications of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator and Their Potential Risk Factors in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hedayati Goudarzi Mohammad Taghi , Moradi Maryam , Abrotan Saeed , Saravi Mehrdad , Shirafkan Hoda , Irilouzadian Rana , Omran Hossein Salehi
Published: November 2023

Background. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has different complications such as cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Insertion of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is recommended for HCM patients who are at high risk of SCD and malignant arrhythmias, despite having their own potential complications. Hypothesis. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of different complications of ICD insertion and the impact of the potential influential baseline characteristics in a one-year follow-up period. Methods. This was a retrospective study with a total of 71 HCM patients with ICD insertion. We evaluated the prevalence of different complications of ICD implantation and the impact of baseline characteristics on the occurrence of ICD complications using multivariate regression analysis in three 4-month periods. Results. In a one-year follow-up, 13 patients (18.3%) experienced at least one of the complications including pneumothorax, lead failure, ICD infection, inappropriate shocks, perforation, and upper limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with no mortality. Inappropriate shocks were reported as the most common (11.3%) complication during this period, with a gradual increase in the second (4.2%) and third (5.6%) follow-up sessions. Among all of the baseline characteristics that were investigated in this study, a positive history of hypertension was the only risk factor with significant impact on the occurrence of complications (

P

 = 0.01). Conclusion. We demonstrated the occurrence of complications during a one-year follow-up as 18.3% in HCM patients with ICD insertion. A positive history of hypertension was the only baseline characteristic affecting the occurrence of complications, and inappropriate shocks were the most common complication.
Study on Mechanism and Main Influencing Factors of Rockburst under Complex Conditions of Hard and Deep Overburden
Authors: Xingen Ma , Jun Pan , Qinghai Zou , Yongyuan Li , Fan Feng , Huifeng Wang , Xiangping Ye , Yongchun Gong , Biao Mou
Published: November 2023

Xinzhuang Coal Mine is a typical kilometer-deep rockburst mine in the Ningzheng mining area of China Huaneng Group, which is still in the capital construction period. At present, there are a few studies on the rockburst mechanism and prevention of this mine. In order to explore the occurrence mechanism and main influencing factors of rockburst under the complex geological conditions of large buried depth, thick topsoil, and hard overburden in Xinzhuang Coal Mine, this paper, based on the analysis of the basic geological data of the mine, deeply explores the comprehensive disaster factors of Xinzhuang Coal Mine; then, uses the analytic hierarchy process to carry out quantitative analysis of each disaster factor, and finally, it obtains the impact type and occurrence mechanism of the mine. Through research, it is found that the main disaster factors of Xinzhuang Coal Mine are mining depth, coal seam thickness, coal seam thickness change, tectonic stress field, hard overburden, roadway layout, bottom coal reservation, and tunneling activities. The key to the process of the rockburst disaster in Xinzhuang Coal Mine is the superimposed effect of static and dynamic loads on the roadway surrounding the rock system. The potential rockburst type during excavation and mining is the “high static and dynamic load disturbance” type.
Inv(3) Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Young Adult and Review of the Literature
Authors: Blakemore Carlee , Damodharan Sudarshawn , Puccetti Diane
Published: November 2023

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the high-risk variant inv(3)/t(3;3) or t(3;3)(q21;26.2) is rarely seen in the pediatric and young adult population. It is associated with poor outcomes with ineffective therapeutic options. Here, we present a case of an 18-year-old female with treatment refractory inv(3) AML in whom remission was unable to be obtained. Better treatment options are needed given the increased resistance to traditional therapy this subtype portrays. Here, we review the literature on pediatric and young adult inv(3) AML along with newer therapeutic options.
Factors Associated with HIV Testing among Male Students Who Have Engaged in Sexual Behaviour in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Yang Zhongrong , Wang Hui , Ma Qiaoqin , Chen Weiyong , Zhao Xiang , Jiang Tingting , Chen Wanjun , Zhou Xin , Chen Lin
Published: November 2023

Objective. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, identify factors associated with HIV testing among male students who have engaged in sexual behaviour in Zhejiang province, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HIV infection on campus. Methods. Stratified cluster random sampling analysis was performed, which included general characteristics, sexual attitudes, sexual behaviours, information on HIV testing, and self-risk assessment for HIV infection. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the influencing factors. Results. Among 2734 male students who have engaged in sexual behaviour, 319 (11.7%) had undergone HIV antibody testing in the previous year. The results of multivariate analysis demonstrated that the participants who were in the junior grade level (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.10–2.30) exhibited acceptance to male homosexual behaviour (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19–2.52), had been exposed to testing publicity in the previous year (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.06–2.15), had been exposed to self-risk assessment for HIV infection (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.99–3.55), had male or bisexual partners (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.05–2.46), had a score for the scale indicating awareness of different testing methods between 2 and 5 (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.51–3.16) or greater than 6 (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.01–2.66), and had a score for the scale indicating knowledge of different testing facilities between 3 and 5 (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.00–2.66) were inclined to engage in HIV testing. Conclusions. In this study, the proportion of HIV-testing among male students who have engaged in sexual behaviour was low. This study revealed that students who exhibited acceptance to male homosexual behaviours had been exposed to publicity for HIV testing or a self-risk assessment for HIV infection which were more inclined to engage in HIV testing. Our study underscores the urgent need to enhance educational interventions concerning HIV risks and warnings as part of the health education curriculum on campus. The graveness of the AIDS epidemic among students necessitates this emphasis. Moreover, we recommend deploying condom-dispensing machines or HIV testing facilities across the campus for easy access to preventive and testing services for HIV.
The Association between ER, PR, HER2, and ER−/PR+ Expression and Lung Cancer Subsequent in Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on SEER Database
Authors: Shao Hong Yu , Hao Bao Tan , Gao Feng Xiao
Published: November 2023

Aims. The available research on the association between estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), ER−/PR+ status, and the occurrence of lung cancer subsequent to breast cancer in patients (referred to as BC-LuC) had been limited. Consequently, there is a need to examine whether ER, PR, HER2, and ER−/PR+ have independent correlations with the risk and outcomes of BC-LuC, while appropriately adjusting for other potential covariates. Methods. The present study employed a cohort design and utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program spanning from 2010 to 2015. The study population consisted of 683,336 individuals who were diagnosed with breast cancer (referred to as BC). Various covariates were assessed at baseline, including age, sex, race, marital status, CS tumor size, laterality, radiation, chemotherapy, months from diagnosis to treatment, breast subtype, AJCC 7th edition (2010–2015), and combined summary stage (2004+). The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between ER, PR, HER2, ER−/PR+ status, and the risk of developing BC-LuC. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess this association. Furthermore, multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Kaplan–Meier plots and log-rank tests were utilized to estimate the outcomes, specifically overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and metastasis. Results. The average age of 198,972 selected participants was 59.8 ± 13.1 years, and about 99.3% of them were female. Result of fully adjusted binary logistic regression showed PR+ and HER2+ were positively associated with lower risk BC-LuC after adjusting confounders (ORs = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.96,

p

 = 0.011 and ORs = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72–0.96,

p

 = 0.012, respectively). ER+ and ER−/PR+ were detected no significant relationship with BC-LuC (ORs = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.87–1.22,

p

 = 0.718 and ORs = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.61–1.72,

p

 = 0.936, respectively). In subgroups analyses, the results remain stable. Multivariable Cox regression showed that BC-LuC patients with ER and PR were significantly associated with OS and DSS. However, ER, PR, HER2, and ER−/PR+ were significantly associated with OS and DSS in breast cancer patients. The relationship between ER, PR, HER2, and ER−/PR+ and metastasis in breast cancer patients was different. Conclusion. The results of this study indicated a potential correlation between PR- and HER2- status and a risk of developing BC-LuC. Furthermore, it appears that the prognosis of BC-LuC may be influenced by the presence of ER+ and PR+. Therefore, additional research is warranted to fully investigate and validate this association.
TABLE 7 from Risk Prediction of Metachronous Colorectal Cancer from Molecular Features of Adenomas: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Jodal Henriette C. , Akwiwu Eddymurphy U. , Lemmens Margriet , Delis-van Diemen Pien M. , Klotz Dagmar , Leon Leticia G. , Lakbir Soufyan , de Wit Meike , Fijneman Remond J.A. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Dekker Evelien , Spaander Manon C.W. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Løberg Magnus , Coupé Veerle M.H. , Kalager Mette , Carvalho Beatriz
Published: November 2023

Stratified time analysis showing the effect of molecular risk definitions (CAEs or losses) and the morphologic risk definition of adenoma on developing me-CRC
TABLE 5 from Risk Prediction of Metachronous Colorectal Cancer from Molecular Features of Adenomas: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Jodal Henriette C. , Akwiwu Eddymurphy U. , Lemmens Margriet , Delis-van Diemen Pien M. , Klotz Dagmar , Leon Leticia G. , Lakbir Soufyan , de Wit Meike , Fijneman Remond J.A. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Dekker Evelien , Spaander Manon C.W. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Løberg Magnus , Coupé Veerle M.H. , Kalager Mette , Carvalho Beatriz
Published: November 2023

Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis to determine the association of age, the presence of AA, molecular high-risk adenoma (losses or gains) with the development of a me-CRC
TABLE 1 from Risk Prediction of Metachronous Colorectal Cancer from Molecular Features of Adenomas: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Jodal Henriette C. , Akwiwu Eddymurphy U. , Lemmens Margriet , Delis-van Diemen Pien M. , Klotz Dagmar , Leon Leticia G. , Lakbir Soufyan , de Wit Meike , Fijneman Remond J.A. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Dekker Evelien , Spaander Manon C.W. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Løberg Magnus , Coupé Veerle M.H. , Kalager Mette , Carvalho Beatriz
Published: November 2023

Distribution of the morphologic and molecular classifications of the adenomas included in the study
Assessment of Internet Available Patient Information on Chronic Pancreatitis Using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients Tool: A Systematic Search and Evaluation
Authors: Staubli Sebastian M. , Ghani Shahi , Walker Harriet Louise , Fusai Giuseppe K. , Raptis Dimitri A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a relevant chronic medical problem whereby delayed presentation and poor patient understanding can cause adverse effects. Quality of patient information available on the internet about CP is not known. Methods: A systematic review of the information about CP available online using the search term “chronic pancreatitis” in using the search engine Google has been conducted. The quality of the top 100 websites returned from this search term was analysed using the validated Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) tool (maximum score 36). Additional items were included in the website analysis specific to CP. Results: In total, 45 websites were eligible for analysis. The median EQIP score of the websites was 16 (interquartile range 12–19.5). The majority of websites originated from the USA and the United Kingdom with 31 and 11 websites, respectively. Provision of additional information was inconsistent, with most websites covering information regarding aetiology and advocating alcohol and tobacco cessation, but only few reporting on more complex issues. Conclusion: Internet available information about CP is of limited quality. There is an immediate need for high quality, patient targeted, and informative literature accessible on the internet about this topic.
Analysis of Rare Variants in 470,000 Exome-Sequenced UK Biobank Participants Implicates Novel Genes Affecting Risk of Hypertension
Authors: Curtis David
Published: November 2023

Introduction: A previous study of 200,000 exome-sequenced UK Biobank participants to test for association of rare coding variants with hypertension implicated two genes at exome-wide significance, DNMT3A and FES. A total of 42 genes had an uncorrected p value <0.001. These results were followed up in a larger sample of 470,000 exome-sequenced participants. Methods: Weighted burden analysis of rare coding variants in a new sample of 97,050 cases and 172,263 controls was carried out for these 42 genes. Those showing evidence for association were then analysed in the combined sample of 167,127 cases and 302,691 controls. Results: The association of DNMT3A and FES with hypertension was replicated in the new sample and they and the previously implicated gene NPR1, which codes for a membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, were all exome-wide significant in the combined sample. Also exome-wide significant as risk genes for hypertension were GUCY1A1, ASXL1, and SMAD6, while GUCY1B1 had a nominal p value of <0.0001. GUCY1A1 and GUCY1B1 code for subunits of a soluble guanylate cyclase. For two genes, DBH, which codes for dopamine beta hydroxylase, and INPPL1, rare coding variants predicted to impair gene function were protective against hypertension, again with exome-wide significance. Conclusion: The findings offer new insights into biological risk factors for hypertension which could be the subject of further investigation. In particular, genetic variants predicted to impair the function of either membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, activated by natriuretic peptides, or soluble guanylate cyclase, activated by nitric oxide, increase risk of hypertension. Conversely, variants impairing the function of dopamine beta hydroxylase, responsible for the synthesis of norepinephrine, reduce hypertension risk.
Comparative digital study of two cranial rotation methods of the proximal fragment on the center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy planning with different tibial distal anatomical axes
Authors: Navarro Barbara Georgina Cosgalla , Tudury Eduardo Alberto , Flores Gabriel Ignacio Ramirez
Published: November 2023

The center of rotation of angulation (CORA)-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) technique was developed for cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture treatment, aiming to modify the mechanical-anatomical angle (AMA), which is described as a predictive risk factor for the disease and is recommended to be taken into consideration when one is choosing a surgical procedure for tibial plateau slope alteration. Identifying a tibial distal anatomical axis (DAA) is essential in CBLO surgical planning and measuring AMA amplitude. The aim of this study was: to evaluate two methods of cranial rotation of the proximal fragment using four different tibial distal anatomical axes for digital planning on the CBLO technique, comparing its effectiveness in achieving the desired tibial plateau angle (TPAd) and closing the AMA angle. Tibial measurements were made with the vPOP pro software using 30 mediolateral radiographs of canine stifles. The DAA described by four authors was used based on the amount of Rotation completed (Rc) for each. The rotation methods evaluated were: 1) commercial CBLO table (RT) and 2) overlapping the tip of the intercondylar eminence with the corresponding DAA line (RE). The TPAd to be obtained was fixed at 10°, and the final AMA to be achieved at 0°. The mean values and standard deviations of the final TPA and final AMA with the rotation method were TPA(RT)f(%TPAd), TPA(RE)f(%TPAd), AMA(RT)f(%AMAzero), AMA(RE)f(%AMAzero). The results of each author were Hulse 10.0 ± 0.3(46.6%), 9.9 ± 0.1(60%), 0.3 ± 0.3(33.3%), 0.3 ± 0.3(13.3%), Osmond 10.1 ± 0.2(75%), 10,1 ± 0.2(83.3%), 0.4 ± 0.4(33.3%), 0.4 ± 0.3(8,3%), Miles 10.0 ± 0.1(66.6%), 10.0 ± 0.1(75%), 0.2 ± 0.1(16.6%), 0.2 ± 0.1(8.3%), Tudury 9.6 ± 0.6(31.2%), 9.5 ± 0.2(31.2%), 1.0 ± 0.7(18.7%), 1.0 ± 0.6(12.5%), respectively. The initially described RT obtained a higher percentage of AMA at zero degrees. Therefore, the RE method is discarded for use as an alternative to CBLO planning.
Federalismo e repartição de competências: a afirmação das autonomias locais e a superação do princípio da simetria
Authors: Amaral Júnior José Levi Mello do
Published: November 2023

O artigo examina o federalismo, revisita respectivas origens, variantes e desenvolvimentos mais recentes. Cuida da tradição federativa brasileira, cujas raízes antecedem o próprio Estado brasileiro. Então, avalia a repartição de competências na Constituição brasileira de 1988, especialmente em face da jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal que prestigia de modo crescente as autonomias locais, sem prejuízo da autonomia da União, ente federado que corporifica o Governo central. As relações federativas no contexto pandêmico também são avaliadas, concluindo que o prestígio jurisprudencial das autonomias locais é uma tendência natural que antecede a pandemia.
Platão e os advogados: um estudo sobre o Górgias
Authors: Castro Jonathas Ramos de
Published: November 2023

Este artigo examina as formas de crítica à retórica e de exortação à filosofia no Górgias de Platão. Baseia-se em um estudo historiográfico, que visa situar o rétor em seu contexto institucional, e em um estudo hermenêutico do diálogo platônico, que adota o paradigma literário e suas possibilidades de interpretação.
A Semana de Arte Moderna e o direito brasileiro na década de 1920
Authors: Tomasevicius Filho Eduardo
Published: November 2023

O ano de 2022 marcou o bicentenário da independência do Brasil e do centenário da Semana de Arte Moderna, que ocorreu no “Theatro Municipal” de São Paulo. Enquanto em 1922 se refletiu sobre o significado da independência, em 2022 pouco se falou do fato, exceto por força da reinauguração do Museu Paulista, construído no local onde D. Pedro I tomou a decisão de transformar o Brasil em novo Estado. Por sua vez, a Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 foi comemorada pelo impacto que teria causado na cultura brasileira. Estes eventos, carregados de simbolismos e completados por elementos de memórias afetivas individuais que compõem a memória coletiva dessas efemérides, podem suscitar reflexões sobre os motivos pelos quais não houve um movimento similar no direito. Os objetivos deste artigo são os de resumir o modernismo e em que medida teria ocorrido ou não um modernismo no direito, especialmente, no direito brasileiro, ainda que de forma diversa daquela que ocorreu no campo das artes.
Interação ser humano-máquina: o padrão de “controle humano significativo” e seus impactos na imputação da responsabilidade civil por danos decorrentes de veículos autônomos
Authors: Fonseca Aline Klayse dos Santos
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo analisa as inflexões que as tecnologias digitais avançadas causam ao instituto da responsabilidade civil, notadamente visando traçar os principais desafios jurídicos que tais tecnologias representam para as categorias jurídico-dogmáticas relacionadas ao instituto da responsabilidade civil. Por meio da investigação do papel da multiplicidade dos agentes envolvidos no desenvolvimento e uso da inteligência artificial, destaca-se a problemática envolvendo a transparência, a imprevisibilidade das ações do sistema de inteligência artificial e do nexo de causalidade. Ademais, buscou-se investigar o potencial da interação ser humano-máquina no processo de tomada de decisão e como tal dinâmica pode ser relevante para a investigação da responsabilidade por danos, enfatizando, também, as lacunas legais e algumas abordagens para solucionar tais gaps. Por fim, investiga como o critério do “controle humano significativo” pode auxiliar na prevenção de danos decorrentes de sistemas de inteligência artificial autônoma. Avalia, ainda, distinções conceituais capazes de facilitar o desenvolvimento dogmático envolvendo inteligência artificial e os regimes de responsabilidade civil brasileiro. Utilizando-se de pesquisa teórica, conduzida pelos métodos dialético e dedutivo, estabeleceram-se associações entre tecnologia, inovação e responsabilidade.
Por uma racionalidade material dos direitos da natureza: uma reflexão a partir dos casos da Usina Belo Monte e do papagaio Verdinho
Authors: Pitassi Sandro Lúcio Barbosa
Published: November 2023

Trata o presente artigo da necessidade de se olhar o campo dos direitos da natureza a partir de um recorte metodológico que privilegie uma visão material de sua realização, tendo em vista o perigo concreto vivenciado pela humanidade e a ameaça para sua própria existência, sem falar na extinção de diversas espécies da fauna, flora e alterações climáticas, realizando reflexão com base na doutrina e jurisprudência selecionadas, extraindo-se pontos centrais trazidos pelas mesmas, propondo-se a adoção de um paradigma que privilegie no tratamento dos direitos da natureza a busca pelo incremento final da proteção e preservação e, consequentemente, um resultado prático que efetivamente possa impactar em benefício da vida no planeta, tomando-se tal ideia num sentido amplo, não baseada na racionalidade, superioridade e exclusividade dos interesses dos homens, mas no fato notório de que somos seres inseridos numa necessária e imprescindível interação cosmopolita, visto que, a vida e a coexistência são indubitavelmente unas e embrionárias, socorrendo-se, inclusive, das visões e sensibilidade daqueles povos ditos tradicionais e a desejada construção de um modo mais harmônico da relação homem/natureza, o que certamente repercute sobre as gerações presentes e futuras.
Real-Time Artificial Intelligence–Based Guidance of Echocardiographic Imaging by Novices: Image Quality and Suitability for Diagnostic Interpretation and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Mor-Avi Victor , Khandheria Bijoy , Klempfner Robert , Cotella Juan I. , Moreno Merav , Ignatowski Denise , Guile Brittney , Hayes Hailee J. , Hipke Kyle , Kaminski Abigail , Spiegelstein Dan , Avisar Noa , Kezurer Itay , Mazursky Asaf , Handel Ran , Peleg Yotam , Avraham Shir , Ludomirsky Achiau , Lang Roberto M.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

We aimed to assess in a prospective multicenter study the quality of echocardiographic exams performed by inexperienced users guided by a new artificial intelligence software and evaluate their suitability for diagnostic interpretation of basic cardiac pathology and quantitative analysis of cardiac chamber and function.

METHODS:

The software (UltraSight, Ltd) was embedded into a handheld imaging device (Lumify; Philips). Six nurses and 3 medical residents, who underwent minimal training, scanned 240 patients (61±16 years; 63% with cardiac pathology) in 10 standard views. All patients were also scanned by expert sonographers using the same device without artificial intelligence guidance. Studies were reviewed by 5 certified echocardiographers blinded to the imager’s identity, who evaluated the ability to assess left and right ventricular size and function, pericardial effusion, valve morphology, and left atrial and inferior vena cava sizes. Finally, apical 4-chamber images of adequate quality, acquired by novices and sonographers in 100 patients, were analyzed to measure left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, and global longitudinal strain by an expert reader using conventional methodology. Measurements were compared between novices’ and experts’ images.

RESULTS:

Of the 240 studies acquired by novices, 99.2%, 99.6%, 92.9%, and 100% had sufficient quality to assess left ventricular size and function, right ventricular size, and pericardial effusion, respectively. Valve morphology, right ventricular function, and left atrial and inferior vena cava size were visualized in 67% to 98% exams. Images obtained by novices and sonographers yielded concordant diagnostic interpretation in 83% to 96% studies. Quantitative analysis was feasible in 83% images acquired by novices and resulted in high correlations (r≥0.74) and small biases, compared with those obtained by sonographers.

CONCLUSIONS:

After minimal training with the real-time guidance software, novice users can acquire images of diagnostic quality approaching that of expert sonographers in most patients. This technology may increase adoption and improve accuracy of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound.
NAT10 Is Involved in Cardiac Remodeling Through ac4C-Mediated Transcriptomic Regulation
Authors: Shi Jing , Yang Chuanxi , Zhang Jing , Zhao Kun , Li Peng , Kong Chuiyu , Wu Xiaoguang , Sun Haoliang , Zheng Rui , Sun Wei , Chen Lianmin , Kong Xiangqing
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

Heart failure, characterized by cardiac remodeling, is associated with abnormal epigenetic processes and aberrant gene expression. Here, we aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of NAT10 (N-acetyltransferase 10)-mediated N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) acetylation during cardiac remodeling.

METHODS:

NAT10 and ac4C expression were detected in both human and mouse subjects with cardiac remodeling through multiple assays. Subsequently, acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing, thiol-linked alkylation for the metabolic sequencing of RNA (SLAM-seq), and ribosome sequencing (Ribo-seq) were employed to elucidate the role of ac4C-modified posttranscriptional regulation in cardiac remodeling. Additionally, functional experiments involving the overexpression or knockdown of NAT10 were conducted in mice models challenged with Ang II (angiotensin II) and transverse aortic constriction.

RESULTS:

NAT10 expression and RNA ac4C levels were increased in in vitro and in vivo cardiac remodeling models, as well as in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. Silencing and inhibiting NAT10 attenuated Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiofibroblast activation. Next-generation sequencing revealed ac4C changes in both mice and humans with cardiac hypertrophy were associated with changes in global mRNA abundance, stability, and translation efficiency. Mechanistically, NAT10 could enhance the stability and translation efficiency of
CD47
and
ROCK2
transcripts by upregulating their mRNA ac4C modification, thereby resulting in an increase in their protein expression during cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, the administration of Remodelin, a NAT10 inhibitor, has been shown to prevent cardiac functional impairments in mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction by suppressing cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and inflammatory responses, while also regulating the expression levels of CD47 and ROCK2 (Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2).

CONCLUSIONS:

Therefore, our data suggest that modulating epitranscriptomic processes, such as ac4C acetylation through NAT10, may be a promising therapeutic target against cardiac remodeling.
Application of machine learning in predicting survival outcomes involving real-world data: a scoping review
Authors: Huang Yinan , Li Jieni , Li Mai , Aparasu Rajender R.
Published: November 2023

Background

Despite the interest in machine learning (ML) algorithms for analyzing real-world data (RWD) in healthcare, the use of ML in predicting time-to-event data, a common scenario in clinical practice, is less explored. ML models are capable of algorithmically learning from large, complex datasets and can offer advantages in predicting time-to-event data. We reviewed the recent applications of ML for survival analysis using RWD in healthcare.

Methods

PUBMED and EMBASE were searched from database inception through March 2023 to identify peer-reviewed English-language studies of ML models for predicting time-to-event outcomes using the RWD. Two reviewers extracted information on the data source, patient population, survival outcome, ML algorithms, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC).

Results

Of 257 citations, 28 publications were included. Random survival forests (N = 16, 57%) and neural networks (N = 11, 39%) were the most popular ML algorithms. There was variability across AUC for these ML models (median 0.789, range 0.6–0.950). ML algorithms were predominately considered for predicting overall survival in oncology (N = 12, 43%). ML survival models were often used to predict disease prognosis or clinical events (N = 27, 96%) in the oncology, while less were used for treatment outcomes (N = 1, 4%).

Conclusions

The ML algorithms, random survival forests and neural networks, are mainly used for RWD to predict survival outcomes such as disease prognosis or clinical events in the oncology. This review shows that more opportunities remain to apply these ML algorithms to inform treatment decision-making in clinical practice. More methodological work is also needed to ensure the utility and applicability of ML models in survival outcomes.
Diagnosis of leptospira by metagenomics next-generation sequencing with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a case report
Authors: Ji Jianyu , Wang Wei , Xiang Shulin , Wei Xiutian , Pang Guangbao , Shi Huirong , Dong Jinda , Pang Jing
Published: November 2023

Background

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., which could result in severe illnesses. Indirect contact with these pathogens is more common. Individuals could contract this disease through contact with contaminated water or during floods. In this case, we present the details of a 40-year-old male pig farmer who suffered from severe pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis and multiple organ failure. The diagnosis of leptospirosis was confirmed through metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) while the patient received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, and antibiotic treatment was adjusted accordingly. The patient underwent comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation in the intensive care unit.

Conclusion

This case illustrates the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis. While obtaining the epidemiological history, second-generation metagenomics sequencing was utilized to confirm the etiology. The prompt initiation of ECMO therapy provided a crucial window of opportunity for addressing the underlying cause. This case report offers valuable insights for diagnosing patients with similar symptoms.
PCDH1, a poor prognostic biomarker and potential target for pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastatic therapy
Authors: Du Xingyi , Yi Xiaoyu , Zou Xiaocui , Chen Yuan , Tai Yanhong , Ren Xuhong , He Xinhua
Published: November 2023

Background

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an aggressive solid tumour characterised by few early symptoms, high mortality, and lack of effective treatment. Therefore, it is important to identify new potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers of PAAD.

Methods

The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases were used to identify the expression and prognostic model of protocadherin 1 (PCDH1). The prognostic performance of risk factors and diagnosis of patients with PAAD were evaluated by regression analysis, nomogram, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Paraffin sections were collected from patients for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. The expression of PCDH1 in cells obtained from primary tumours or metastatic biopsies was identified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were used to verify PCDH1 expression levels and the inhibitory effects of the compounds.

Results

The RNA and protein levels of PCDH1 were significantly higher in PAAD cells than in normal pancreatic ductal cells, similar to those observed in tissue sections from patients with PAAD. Aberrant methylation of the CpG site cg19767205 and micro-RNA (miRNA) hsa-miR-124-1 may be important reasons for the high PCDH1 expression in PAAD. Up-regulated PCDH1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. The RNA levels of PCDH1 were significantly down-regulated following flutamide treatment. Flutamide reduced the percentage of PCDH1 RNA level in PAAD cells Panc-0813 to < 50%. In addition, the PCDH1 protein was significantly down-regulated after Panc-0813 cells were incubated with 20 µM flutamide and proves to be a potential therapeutic intervention for PAAD.

Conclusion

PCDH1 is a key prognostic biomarker and promoter of PAAD metastasis. Additionally, flutamide may serve as a novel compound that down-regulates PCDH1 expression as a potential treatment for combating PAAD progression and metastasis.