bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFANT MORTALITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF RIO VERDE
Authors: Leão Aline Gonçalves , Oliveira Ana Carolina Donda , Parreira Gislaine Leão , Furquim Késsio Guerreiro , Junqueira Marina Porto Ferreira , Ferreira Rogerio Alves , da Silva Vanessa Cervi
Published: November 2024

Infant mortality is widely recognized as an essential indicator of quality of life and health services in a population. This study was carried out in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, between 2019 and 2023, with the objective of identifying patterns and determinants of infant mortality, in addition to evaluating the effectiveness of local health policies. The descriptive methodology was based on data from the SIM and SINASC systems, analyzing live births and infant deaths, focusing on characteristics such as birth weight, gestational age, causes of death, place of care and socioeconomic profile of the mothers. The results revealed that, over the five years analyzed, there was a gradual reduction in infant mortality, with emphasis on a significant drop between 2021 and 2022, the main causes of death were perinatal complications, neonatal infections, and low birth weight, prevailing among neonates with a gestational age below 37 weeks. A higher mortality rate was also observed among male children, a fact that follows the national trend. The conclusion reinforces the need to strengthen prenatal care, improve the infrastructure of health facilities and train professionals, especially those involved in neonatal care. Interventions aimed at promoting maternal and child health, such as awareness campaigns on the importance of prenatal care, breastfeeding and immunization, are recommended. Improving the quality of death records and continuous surveillance of these data are crucial to guide more effective public policies aimed at the sustainable reduction of infant mortality rates in Rio Verde.
LIFE AS A SCANDAL OF TRUTH: MICHEL FOUCAULT'S PHILOSOPHICAL TESTAMENT
Authors: Lages Lucas Nogueira do Rêgo Monteiro Villa
Published: November 2024

This article aims to analyze the last course taught by Michel Foucault at the Còllege de France, in 1984, extracting from it a kind of philosophical testament. I begin by seeking to emerge from this Foucaultian self-writing a parrhesiastical accountability, in which Foucault speaks frankly about the dimensions of his work and his horizon of concern with the intertwining of three major themes: truth, power and the subject. Subsequently, I analyze how these three themes are linked by Foucault around the central issue of his last course: parrhesia. I expose the development of the concept of parrhesia in connection with the theme of true life in the Socratic-Platonic tradition, in Cynicism and in primitive Christianity to, in the end, conclude that Foucault leaves us a vast legacy, including the legacy-mission of, from the tradition opened by Cynicism, promoting a rereading of the history of philosophy no longer as a metaphysics of the soul, but as an aesthetics of existence.
EVALUATION OF THE REUSED WATER OF THE PINHEIROS SUBWAY STATION IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO (BRAZIL) FOR THE PRESENCE OF METALS BY THE TECHNIQUE OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE WITH SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
Authors: Melo Júnior Ariston da Silva , Cordeiro Moisés Alves , Silva Igor de Souza , Salicio Samuel José , Dias Richard Kauê da Silva , de Moura Juciel de Paulo Felix
Published: November 2024

Ensuring the conservation of water reserves is a challenge for all humanity, which makes it essential to continuously study new forms of treatment and use of water sources on the planet. One of the focuses of water conservation and sustainability is the reuse of water sources in order to ensure the continuity of the main reserves of drinking water for watering and food production activities. The present research aimed to investigate the quality of the water used for reuse in the Pinheiros subway station in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) in order to evaluate the degree of presence of heavy metals and other chemical elements by the X-ray fluorescence technique by synchrotron radiation of the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). The data collection for a sample collected in the summer and analyzed revealed a pH of 6.8 and the presence of 19 chemical elements by the technique with concentrations in the order of ng.mL-1, with emphasis on the presence of lead (Pb).
CANNABIDIOL AS A FORM OF TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER OF VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE – COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Braga Cristina , Ocon Carlos Alberto , Constantino Viviane Macedo , Fernandes Antônio de Olival , Filoni Eduardo , Ribeiro Filho Alfredo , Aragão Neylor Rodrigo Oliveira , Almeida Jacqueline Cunha Cabral Azevedo , Santos Gleyce Kelly de Brito Brasileiro , Moraes Suzyanne Araújo , Douradinho Christian , Lima Lidiane Souza , Aristides Jackeline Lourenço , Marreira Marcelo , Olímpio Aloísio , Koike Marcia Kiyomi
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Violence as a social and public health problem, with a particular focus on its consequences, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). According to the World Health Organization, violence encompasses the intentional use of physical force or power, threatening or harming individuals, groups, or communities. Objective: To describe the effects of Cannabidiol in patients with Post-traumatic Stress due to physical and psychological violence. Methodology: This is an integrative observational and retrospective systematic review, with the following exclusion criteria: non-empirical articles, non-indexed publications, a total of 545 articles related to post-traumatic stress and cannabidiol were found and only 13 articles were selected to present the results of this study. Results and discussion: The endogenous endocannabinoid system plays a significant role in the processing and extinction of fear memory. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, has shown potential in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including PTSD. CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system indirectly by increasing the availability of endocannabinoids like anandamide, which acts on CB1 receptors in the brain. This activation of the endocannabinoid system can help reduce the behavioral response to aversive memories and improve fear extinction. Final Thoughts: While early research on the effects of CBD on PTSD is promising, more studies are needed to determine its efficacy and safety, particularly in victims of violence. The sources also emphasize the need for greater awareness and accessibility to cannabinoid-based treatments for those who can benefit from them.
JUDICIAL ACTIVISM: A LIVING IMAGE OF LAW REFLECTED IN THE SOCIAL MIRROR
Authors: Guedes Marcio Bulgarelli , Silva Juvêncio Borges , da Silveira Ricardo dos Reis , Penna Maria Cristina Vitoriano Martines , Guedes Laise Reis Silva
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the instrumentalization of the law for the purpose of promoting social emancipation. It hypothesizes whether the protagonism attributed to the Judiciary in the Democratic State of Law at the turn of the last century to the twenty-first century materializes the promises of modernity based on the theory of the social contract and driven by the Enlightenment ideology to make effective the freedom and social rights of the Constitution. To this end, first, legal positivism is presented, in search of the recognition of the subjects and equal participation; second, the historical bases of the constitutions are established, to confirm the metamorphosis of the law and the model of jurisdictional control by the main and incidental routes; to, third, show judicial activism, mapping the decisions of the Supreme Court. It concludes on the importance of the Judiciary in the realization of positive and negative rights. The article was guided by the hypothetical-deductive method and was based on books, scientific articles, legislation and jurisprudence.
EVALUATION OF NATIONAL MAIZE VARIETIES IN ARAGUAÍNA-TO
Authors: de Sousa Paulo César Júnior Paiva , de Oliveira Jose Ribamar Neto Dourado , de Araújo Nicolas Oliveira , Freire Ana Izabella , de Souza Filipe Bittencourt Machado
Published: November 2024

The present work was developed with the objective of evaluating maize varieties regarding grain yield in the region of Lavras. A total of forty-two genotypes, including varieties, single, double and triple hybrids were evaluated in a randomized block design, with two replications. The grain yield of the genotypes was evaluated. In order to correct irregularities in the booth, the analysis of covariance was performed, and later the analysis of variance was performed. It was verified that the treatments differed from each other for the evaluated trait, forming two groups of means. The most productive group contains the simple hybrid BRS 1055 and 15 other genotypes.
DINÁMICA DE LA RESPUESTA HUMORAL ESPECÍFICA Y FRECUENCIA DE VARIANTES DEL VIRUS DE PRRS EN TRES GRANJAS PORCINAS CON DIFERENTES ESTRATEGIAS DE CONTROL, EN YUCATÁN, MÉXICO
Authors: Gomez-Ruiz Pilar , Rodri­guez-Buenfil Jorge , Perez-Osorio Carlos , Alzina-Lopez Alejandro , Segura Jose C.
Published: November 2024

The objectives of this study were to describe the dynamic of specific humoral response and frequency of variants of PRRS virus in three farms with different strategies of control. Thirty pigs in each farm were studied. The animals were sampled and sera were processed by ELISA and RT-PCR real time using Sybr Green technology to detect PRRS virus variants. The mean of S/P value, RT-PCR positive and melting temperature were compared at 21, 49, 77,105 and 160 days of age. The pigs from farm A were positive to the ELISA test at all ages; in farm B pigs were positive at 77, 105 and 160 days of age, and the pigs from farm C were positive at 105 and 160 days of age. Melting curve analysis, showed four different melting times in each farm corresponding to four types of viruses: vaccine virus, inoculum and two wild type viruses. The different strategies used in the farms induced an immune response in most animals. The highest S/P were obtained in farm A. The strategies of control did not avoid the presence of variants of PRRS virus, which might represent a risk for the animal population.
PRODUCCIÓN ORGÁNICA DE LECHE DE OVEJA
Authors: Angeles Hernandez Juan Carlos , Perez Hernandez Aurora Hilda , Perez Rocha Malcher Javier , Gonzalez Ronquillo Manuel
Published: November 2024

Organic production systems are based on natural processes, leveraging local resources and decreasing in soil degradation. Effectiveness of milk production of organic systems vs. conventional production systems is a subject open to debate. There are various studies in which there is a positive effect of organic systems in relation to the welfare and animal health, product quality and environmental impact. However, some authors report lower milk yields production and increased susceptibility to environmental conditions compared with those obtained in conventional systems. The lower milk yields in organic systems in Dairy sheep's production, are related to the limited nutritional value, low genetic potential, and the changing environmental conditions. These systems are mainly a production method for a specific market with premium quality products and high standards in their production processes. Thus, a company organic Dairy sheep production should be considered viable when present a positive global sustainability level, that is socially beneficial, economically viable and environmentally responsible.
DINÁMICA DE LA CAPTURA DE CARBONO EN PASTIZALES ABANDONADOS DEL NORESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Yerena Yamallel Jose Israel , Jimenez Perez Javier , Alani­s Rodri­guez Eduardo , Aguirre Calderon Oscar Alberto , Gonzalez Tagle Marco Aurelio , Treviño Garza Eduardo Javier
Published: November 2024

Livestock activities due to the improper handling of the load capacity, suffer from low productivity in their grasslands, which are abandoned giving rise to the appearance of species considered invasive and undesirable for producers, without knowing the qualities of these as mitigating of climate change. The objective of the present study was to estimate the carbon content in tamaulipan thornscrub and three abandoned grasslands with a time of abandonment of 10, 20 and 30 years. For the estimation of the carbon content was used a systematic sampling design, in each area were established four sampling sites of 1,600 m2. The primary scrub is the system that resulted in the largest value of carbon content of 14.25 Mg ha-1, followed by the grasslands of 30, 20 and 10 years with 8.03, 7.33 and 4.13 Mg ha-1 respectively. It was concluded that recovering the initial state of the primary scrub take many years, as can be seen in the grasslands system 30 years reaching only 56% of what it had in reserves of primary scrub.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LEGUMINOUS TREE FOLIAGE AND EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL ON GAS PRODUCTION AND IN VITRO DIGESTION PARAMETERS
Authors: Perez Jaime Olivares , Aviles-Nova F. , Albarran-Portillo B. , Rojas-Hernendez S. , Cordoba-Izquierdo A. , Villa-Mancera A. , Castelan-Ortega O.A.
Published: November 2024

The objective was to determine the chemical composition, digestibility and in vitro digestion parameters in ten legume tree foliage using the in vitro gas-production method with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG). The foliages with higher protein content (P<0.001) (167.1 to 180.3 g/kg DM) were A. cochliacantha, L. esculenta, E. cyclocarpum and A. farnesiana; from the total phenols (P<0.001) (365.9 to 680.6 g/kg DM) L. divaricata, H. brasiletto and C. coriaria and condensed tannins (P<0.001) (35.4 to 88.0 g/kg DM) E. cyclocarpum, A. farnesiana, P. dulce, P. acatlense and G. sepium. The in vitro dry matter digestibility was different (P<0.001) among the foliages. The in vitro gas production (IVGP), in vitro organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy (ME), gas yield (GY24h), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbial mass production (PMM), were different (P<0.0001) among the foliage as a result of the species. The use of PEG increased (P<0.0001) IVGP, ME, GY24h and SCFA in H brasiletto, C. coriaria, L. esculenta and A. cochliacantha, but affect (P<0.0001) the partition factor and the PMM. The nutritional composition and fermentation parameters in vitro between foliages differ by effect of tree and use of PEG. It is concluded that chemical composition in the foliages affect the digestibility and fermentation parameters and use of PEG increased fermentation parameters in the foliages high in secondary compounds.
EFECTO DE LA INCLUSIÓN DEL FRUTO DE Guazuma ulmifolia COMO SUSTITUTO DE MAÍZ EN LA DIETA SOBRE EL COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO Y RENDIMIENTO EN CANAL DE OVINOS PELIBUEY
Authors: Gomez-Gurrola A. , Partida-Hernandez M. , Rami­rez-Duran R. , Rami­rez-Rami­rez J. , Gomez-Gurrola J. , Gonzalez-Mormita M. , Sangines Garci­a Leonor
Published: November 2024

This work was done in order to evaluate the productive performance of fattening pelibuey lambs, carcass yield and the production costs when maize grain was replaced by grounded Guazuma ulmifolia fruit at 15 and 26% in their diet. An analysis of variance with a covariate design (initial weight and at slaughter) was used and the difference between means was compared with the Tukey's test (P> 0.05). A chemical analysis of the fruit was performed along with in vitro and in situ digestibility. 27 male and female lambs were used at an average weight of 16.159  ±  3.615 kg. Food Intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and costs of the feed portions were evaluated.  The animals were slaughtered at an average weight of 38.258 ± 3.684 kg. 4 male lambs were randomly assigned to each one of the treatments. Carcass and loin length, average leg, forequarters, spine, ribs and loin weight, warm carcass weight and yield; and price per kilogram of the warm carcass produced were obtained. The G. umlifolia fruit chemical analysis showed content of (%): 12.8 CP, 63.5 NDF, 54 ADF, 70 TND, 51 in vitro and 48.3 in situ digestibility, a=6.5 and b=37.5 and c= 0.025.  Final weight in kg were for T1, T2 and T3 30.422 ±   4.790, 29.336 ± 5.802 and 28.456 ± 4.907 respectively; total weight gain were 13.911 ± 2.742a and 13.489 ± 4.144a 12.356 ± 2.339b Kg (P<0.05) in treatments 1, 2 and 3.   Average feed conversion was 6.72:1 for the three treatments. The guasima fruit had a positive impact in the production cost there was a reduction per kilogram of produced meat up to 9 and 22% in T2 and T3 respectively. No significant differences were found between treatments for yield, carcass and meat production (P<0.05).  In T1 was 46.69 ± 2.91%, 49.06 ± 2.20% T2 and 45.73 ± 2.64 % in T3. It is concluded that under the conditions of this experiment, it is feasible to feed pelibuey lambs with G. ulmifolia fruit up to 15% in substitution for maize grain without affecting yield and improving the economic efficiency. 
HUMIC SUBSTANCES AND PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS IN AREAS WITH CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION, PASTURE AND NATURAL CERRADO VEGETATION IN GOIÃS, BRAZIL
Authors: Beutler Sidinei Julio , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Loss Arcangelo , Perin Adriano , Anjos Lucia Helena Cunha dos
Published: November 2024

Crop-livestock integration (CLI) coupled with a no-till planting system (NTS) has proven to be an important alternative farming system, promoting efficient land use and soil conservation by maintaining soil organic matter (SOM). The present study quantified the humic fractions of SOM and soil P fractions and analyzed their relationship in CLI, pasture and natural Cerrado areas in Goiás, Brazil. The samples were obtained from a pasture area (covered with Urochloa decumbens grass for 15 years); a CLI area (planted in annual rotation with Urochloa ruziziensis for 13 years); and a native Cerrado area, sampled for comparison purposes. Total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon in the fulvic acid fraction (C-FAF), humic acid fraction (C-HAF) and humin (C-HUM) were evaluated at a depth of 0‑5; 5‑10; 10‑20 and 20‑40 cm; and inorganic (IP) and organic (OP) P fractions at a depth of 0‑5 and 5‑10 cm. The highest TOC values, humic fractions and OP were found in the Cerrado area. Similarities in relation to the humic fractions and TOC were found between CLI and pasture areas in all the layers between 0 and 40cm. The area currently managed with CLI, but originally covered by Cerrado, had already developed chemical stability (C-FAF, C-HAF, C-HUM and TOC) that was similar to that found in the Cerrado area at a depth of 20-40 cm and with higher C-FAF and C-HUM accumulation compared to the pasture area. Compared to pasture and Cerrado, the CLI system favored the increase in labile, moderately labile and moderately resistant P, both for total P (TP) and IP. IP fractions were found in areas treated with high doses of phosphate fertilizer, whereas OP fractions corresponded to those under low or null anthropogenic influence. Organic P fractions were directly related to the humic SOM fractions.
COMPORTAMIENTO REPRODUCTIVO DE OVEJAS DORPER Y KATAHDIN EMPADRADAS EN PRIMAVERA EN EL NORTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Gonzalez Godi­nez Antonio , Urrutia Morales Jorge , Gomez Vazquez Hector Guillermo
Published: November 2024

This study compared the ability of breeds Dorper and Katahdin to reproduce out of season. The ewes were kept in confinement conditions and fed with a whole diet (23.4% DM, 12.7% of CP and 2.3 Mcal ME). The sheep were exposed to males of their respective breeds in March-April (217 Dorper and 72 Katahdin) and in May-June (103 Dorper and 37 Katahdin).  The proportion of ewe lambed was higher (P < 0.0001) in two breeds bred in March-April (67.7 and 72.2%) than May-June (38.8 and 29.7%), but prolificacy was similar (P > 0.05) in both breeds in the two breeding periods (1.35, 1.35, 1.15 and 1.36 lambs born/ewe lambed in the March-April and May-June breeding, in the Dorper and Katahdin breeds, respectively). It is concluded that ewes of hair Dorper and Katahdin sheep are able to reproduce outside of the reproductive season. However, reproductive efficiency was increased in ewes bred at the beginning than those bred at the end of spring season.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN ENERGÉTICA DURANTE EL CRECIMIENTO DE NOVILLAS LECHERAS DE REEMPLAZO UTILIZANDO EL MODELO CNCPS
Authors: Velez Terranova Oscar Mauricio , Sanchez-Guerrero H. , Duran-Castro C.V.
Published: November 2024

To evaluate the use of energy supplements from weaning to conception on multibreed heifers (Holstein (50%) x  Gyr (50%) (H x G), Holstein (50%) x Jersey (50%) (H x J) y Jersey (50%) x Holstein (25%) x Gyr (25%) (J x H x G)) in a grazing dairy system under tropical conditions, the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) was used. Growth curves were estimated using the logistic model (R2 = 96% on average).  The climatological conditions in the area and chemical composition of forages during the year were evaluated. With the information obtained simulations were performed and the results showed energy deficiencies between 9 and 13 months of age in the crosses studied. To correct deficiencies, supplementation alternatives were evaluated. The results indicated that sugar cane molasses and cassava flour would be feasible options to improve growth rate and reduce the age at first service (20-22 months) and first calving, reducing nutritional costs of raising heifers and total methane emission during growth.
EFECTO DEL DESPERDICIO DE COMEDOR Y COCINA EN EL DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO DE CERDOS EN CRECIMIENTO
Authors: Rami­rez Zúñiga Guadalupe , Garcia Castillo Ramon Florencio , Salinas Chavira Jaime , Vega Ri­os Aracelly , Ruiloba Villarreal Manuel Humberto , Hernandez Bustamante Juan David , Valdez Oyervides Antonio , Fuentes Rodri­guez Jesus Manuel
Published: November 2024

This research used 41 growing backyard piglets (11.47 ± 1.2 kg BW) fed for 22 d and assigned at random to three treatment (T) groups, respectively (T1 to T3) with three repetitions. The proportion of commercial concentrate (CC) to kitchen waste (DW) was: T1, 100:0; T2, 50:50 and T3, 0:100. Diets contained: T1, 17.3, 13.6 and 16.3% CP and 3,321, 3,526 and 4,011 McCall/kg of ME, respectively. Weight gain, carcass characteristics, minerals and metabolites in blood serum were evaluated. The weight gain, slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, hot and cold carcass yield, rib eye area and back fat thickness were not affected by DW (P> 0.05). The cuts of leg shoulder and rib were not affected by treatment (P> 0.05) for dry matter, ash and crude protein content. The increase in DW reduced ether extract content of leg and rib (P <0.05) but not in shoulder (P> 0.05). The concentration of Ca decreased with DW inclusion (P <0.05). No treatment effect was observed in blood metabolites (P> 0.05). It is concluded that feeding with DW the backyard growing pig do not affect growth performance or quality of meat.
EFECTO ANTIHELMÍNTICO IN VITRO DEL EXTRACTO METANOLICO DE HOJAS DE Gliricidia sepium CONTRA NEMATODOS GASTROINTESTINALES DE OVINOS
Authors: Hernandez-Villegas Manuel Mateo , Perez-Perez Claudia , De la Cruz-Burelo Patricia , Hernendez-Bolio Gloria Ivonne , Bolio-Lopez Glori­a Ivette
Published: November 2024

The use of local resources for food and health care of animals is a highly profitable and sustainable strategy. Among these resources are native trees and shrubs which in addition to providing good quality nutrients, produce secondary metabolites with anthelmintic (AH) effect. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro AH effect of Gliricidia sepium leaves methanol extract (GSME), through the egg hatch inhibition assay (EHA). Three concentrations of the extracts were tested: 125, 250 and 500 μg/mL.  Also a negative control (distilled water) and a positive control (levamisole 2 mg/mL) were included. The GSME showed significant differences P<0.05 when compared with the positive control. The GSME also showed a dose-dependent response in inhibition of eggs hatching. Effectiveness percentages found were: 27.7%, 46.2%, 49.7% of inhibition at 125, 250, and 500 μg/mL respectively. The average dose (ED50) obtained through probit analysis was 394.96 μg/mL. These results suggest that the ME of leaves of G. sepium has anthelmintic activity against eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes.
AN OVERVIEW ON SOME BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LEUCAENA PSYLLID, Heteropsylla Cubana Crawford (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE): CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS FOR PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed , Rami­rez y Aviles Luis , Solorio-SÃ¡nchez Francisco J. , Al-Zyoud F.A. , Barros-Rodri­guez Marcos
Published: November 2024

The present review was written with the objectives of providing basic information for pest control about leucaena psyllid, Heteropsylla cubana Crawford (Homoptera: Psyllidae) the most destructive insect pest of Leucaena sp. In the regard of pest control, the review focus on discussing the findings of the existing researches about the factors affecting the distribution and seasonal fluctuations of H. cubana in the world. These factors are biotic such: biological control agents, and abiotic such: climatic factors, leaves chemical composition and genetic control which significantly affect pest population. A basic understanding of the relationship of these factors with psyllid population is important in developing an integrated control strategy for psyllid in leucaena and determining the potential pest control needs under the given biotic and abiotic factors trend. Besides, develop some concepts of pest control which effect directly and indirectly on the survival and population dynamics of H. cubana around the world.

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Leucaena leucocephala IN RUMINANT NUTRITION
Authors: Barros-Rodri­guez M. , Sandoval-Castro C.A. , Solorio-Sanchez J. , Sarmiento-Franco L. , Rojas-Herrera R. , Klieve A.V.
Published: November 2024

It is a common situation in extensive ruminant production systems in tropical countries to have low production indicators due to nutrient deficiencies in the diet. An economic alternative to increase animal production is the incorporation of legumes (fodder and fruits) in the diet. This review, presents an analysis of the positive and negative effects of Leucaena leucocephala consumption by ruminants, with particular emphasis on the secondary compound mimosine. Leucaena due to its high nutrient content, rumen by-pass protein supply and its possible effect on the reduction of greenhouse gas (attributed to tannins) has become one of the legumes most commonly used in ruminant feeding practices. However, in countries where leucaena has been introduced, its use is still limited to levels below 30% inclusion in the diet, due to the secondary compound mimosine and its isomers (3,4 and 2,3 DHP), which can induce toxicity, even when animals are inoculated with rumen fluid containing the bacteria Synergistes jonesii reported as responsible for degrading these compounds in the rumen. In the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, ruminants consuming leucaena can tolerate more than 50% inclusion in the diet, without having a negative impact on production, attributed intake to mimosine and its isomers. We conclude that in animals not adapted, the intake would be limited to low inclusion levels (less than 30% inclusion in the diet), mainly because of mimosine and its derivatives. The decrease in intake or diet digestibility seem to better explain the reduction in methane production, however, in vivo studies are required to clearly establish the mechanism of action. It has been reported the presence of different bacteria to S. jonessi that would have the ability to degrade mimosine and its derivatives, however, the activity of these bacteria and its effectiveness must be confirmed in vivo.
BITES RATE ON NATIVE VEGETATION BY TRASHUMANCE GOATS GRAZING IN MOUNTAIN RANGELAND IN NUDO MIXTECO, MEXICO
Authors: Franco-Guerra F.J. , Gomez A.G. , Villareal O.A. , Camacho J.C. , Hernandez J.E. , Rodri­guez E.L. , Marcito O.
Published: November 2024

The objective of the present study was to determine the habits of grazing-browsing by the rate of bites and rate of consumption in the dry matter (MS) of the diet of goats under transhumance grazing in mountain rangelands of Nudo Mixteco, being the natural vegetation in the different strata. Six animals of different age and sex were randomly chosen. Direct observation of grazing method was used to determine the rate of bites/min and the rate of consumption by layers. Analyzes of variance was performed and the Tukey test was used for mean comparison test was used (HSD) Tukey (α, 0.05). The values of both variables were small, which may be due to the great diversity of plants and their varied morphology which induces the goat won on the one hand to spend more time in the choice of food becoming more selective and on the other, to carry out bites smaller in those plants whose leaf surface is of the type megafilia or in those woody whose leaves are very small (microphilia 2.25 cm2 to 20.25 cm2).
INFLUENCE OF SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM “LIVE FENCES” OF Gliricidia sepium ON SOIL RESPIRATION IN TACOTALPA, TABASCO, MEXICO
Authors: Villanueva-Lopez G. , Casanova-Lugo F. , Rami­rez-Aviles L. , Marti­nez-Zurimendi P.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to quantify rates of soil respiration on livestock systems with live fences (LF) formed by Gliricidia sepium trees and on livestock systems in signal grass monoculture (MP) (Brachiaria decumbens); examine the variation of flows in the rainy and dry seasons, and fluctuations during the day, as well as soil temperature and relative humidity. Soil respiration was measured twice a month, four times a day between the hours of 00:00 to 06:00 h, 6:00 to 12:00 h, 12:00 to 18:00 h, and 18:00 to 24:00 h, in both seasons. Soil temperature and the relative humidity were simultaneously measured. The results show that the rate of soil respiration is similar between these systems, LF issued 0.97 and MP 1.01 mol CO2 m2 h-1. In contrast, there was influence of the time of year and time of collection of the samples. In both systems the soil flows were higher in the rainy season (1.1 mol CO2 m2 h-1 on average) and slightly lower in the dry season (0.90 mol CO2 m2 h-1 on average) and were higher during the night (00:00 to 06:00 hours), during the early morning hours (6:00 to 12:00 hours). Soil temperature was higher in the MP, and the relative humidity in LF. It is concluded that the main factor that caused the variation in soil respiration rates was the presence of G. sepium trees in LF, which led to lower temperatures and more stable humidity, which resulted in lower soil CO2 fluxes.
EFFECT OF GRASS TAIWAN (Pennisetum purpureum) AND RAMON (Brosimum alicastrum) SILAGE SUPPLEMENTATION ON CHANGE OF BODY WEIGHT AND BLOOD VARIABLES IN COLLARED PECCARY (PecarÃ­ tajacu) IN CAPTIVITY
Authors: Borges D. , Montes R. , Sarmiento-Franco L. , Solorio-Sanchez F.
Published: November 2024

In order to evaluate the weight changes, level of hematocrit and serum total protein to supplement the diet of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu) with a silage mixture of grass Taiwan (Pennisetum purpureum) and Ramon (Brosimum alicastrum) a voluntary consumption test was performed for five weeks. Using eleven non-pregnant adult females, with mean age of 4.5 years and weighing 19.15 kg (± 0.5 kg), two groups were formed: one of five animals which offered squash (Cucurbita pepo) and corn (Zea mays), and another of six animals on a diet of squash, corn and silage at 50%. Were taken blood samples and record weight every seven days. T-student test were used to compare means of two independent samples.  There were no differences between the means of the weights and blood proteins levels of individuals. The use of a silage mixture of grass and fodder cutting is a viable option to supplement the diet of nonpregnant adult females. 
EFFECT OF POULTRY MEAL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FEEDLOT STEERS
Authors: Cabrera-Nuñez A. , Lammoglia-Villagomez M.A. , Daniel-Renteria I. , Rojas-Ronquillo R. , Flores-Assad J.A.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of poultry meal on weight gain and carcass yield, under a housing system. 30 Swiss x Zebu steers were used, with an approximate weight of 353 kg, which were assigned under a completely randomized design in three treatments. T1 (control) concentrate without poultry meal; T2 concentrate + 30% poultry meal and T3 concentrate + 35% poultry meal. The composition of the concentrate was based on ground sorghum, maize grain, wheat bran, ground mineral salt bale with 18% crude protein and 70% TDN. A significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on the percentage of carcass weight of 53.0 was observed; 59.5 and 58.8% for T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The results indicate that supplementation based poultry meal 35% promoted greater yield in feedlot steers.
COMPOSTING OF RABBIT MORTALITIES IMPLEMENTD IN THE EXPERIMENTAL FARM AT CHAPINGO AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY
Authors: Jeronimo-Romero Y. , Miranda-Romero L.A. , Saavedra-Jimenez L.A.
Published: November 2024

In order to investigate the feasibility of composting rabbit carcasses with various substrates, six treatments were established according to the substrate used: oat straw-rabbit manure-dead rabbit (PAEC), wood shavings- rabbit manure- dead rabbit (EVC) and oat straw-dead rabbit (PAC), with or without the addition of 0.3 % ( v / w) mixed microbial inoculum consisting of Streptomyces spp, Aspergillus sp, Cladosporium sp. Temperature, pH, dry matter (DM ), moisture, organic matter (OM), ash and ammonia was measured. The substrates were aerated by turning at 25 days of composting. The analysis was performed with the GLM procedure (SAS, 2009) and the Tukey test. The inoculum had no effect on the composting of the substrates investigated. The PAC had the highest substrate temperature (30 ° C), although this is low compared to conventional composting which manure. After the substrates were overturned, the temperature increased only in PAEC. Compost PAC had a low content of organic matter and a more alkaline pH. It was concluded that it is feasible composting dead rabbit, but to optimize the process requires improving the conditions of composting to achieve a higher temperature and mineralization and reduce nitrogen loss by degradation of the protein of meat.
SUMMARIES ANIMAL NUTRITION SESSION
Authors: . .
Published: November 2024

SUMMARIES ANIMAL NUTRITION SESSION

XLI AMPA - VII SASYP, MERIDA, YUCATAN, MEXICO, 2014
SUMMARIES GRASS AND FORRAGES SESSION
Authors: . .
Published: November 2024

SUMMARIES GRASS AND FORRAGES SESSION

XLI AMPA - VII SASYP, MERIDA, YUCATAN, MEXICO, 2014
ESTUDIO FENOLÓGICO EN ZAPOTE MAMEY [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn] GUERRERO, MÉXICO
Authors: Aguilar Carpio Cid , Gonzalez Hernandez Victor Arturo , Mora Aguilera Jose Antonio , Villegas Monter Angel
Published: November 2024

In this work was studied the phenology of zapote mamey [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn] in Alpoyeca, Gro. Mameyʼs phenological events are not characterized, and hence: number of shoots, diameter of shoots and diameter of branch were measured. As a result 13 events were identified, from the first event, we have the appearance of a floral shoot with a dome, of0.05 mm of diameter, until the event 13, when the tree is filling the fruit of carbohydrates. It was consider as critical points events 9 and 10, because of the process of pollination and fruit fecundation. The highest averages of shoots appearance by branch was between the months of July, August and September, later a fall of floral shoots is observed. In average of 0 to 3 fruits are left by branch.
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS SESSION
Authors: . .
Published: November 2024

SUMMARIES ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS SESSION

XLI AMPA - VII SASYP, MERIDA, YUCATAN, MEXICO, 2014
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND SEX IDENTIFICATION IN Genipa americana L.
Authors: Silva Ana Veruska Cruz , Muniz Evandro Neves , Almeida Camila Santos , Vitoria Marina Ferreira , Melo Marilia F.V. , Ledo Ana Silva , Rabbanni Allivia Rouse Carregosa
Published: November 2024

Ten genotypes of Genipa americana L. located in Arauá (Sergipe, Brazil) were analyzed using RAPD markers. The genotypes were selected according to sex - five females and five males - in an attempt to find a molecular marker associated with the sex prediction. 74 DNA fragments were generated by 20 primers, 85% of which were polymorphic. Results show a quantitative genetic diversity value of 0.28 and a Shannon index of 0.42 in the population. The similarity among the specimens according to Jaccard’s coefficient ranged from 0.22 to 0.75. The genetic diversity was relatively large among these individuals. 
PRODUCTIVIDAD Y CARGA DE PARASITARIA DE BOVINOS Bos Indicus X B. taurus EN UN SISTEMA SILVOPASTORIL INTENSIVO EN BOSQUE SECO TROPICAL
Authors: Salazar Benjumea Raquel Sofi­a , Barahona Rosales Rolando , Chara Orozco Julian David , Sanchez Pinzon Maria Solange
Published: November 2024

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks cause significant economic losses to the Colombian cattle sector: reduction in meat and milk production, blood losses and transmission of blood parasites. The degree of infestation depends on the breed, physiological state and nutrition of the animal and on microclimatic characteristics, which affect the tick life cycle. Diverse studies suggest that given the characteristics of intensive silvopastoral systems (ISS), tick loads within these systems are lower. In this study, the tick loads of grazing animals were monitored for five animal groups: three at an ISS and two at traditional farms located on the Valley of Ibague (Tolima). within the ISS, there were greater tick loads in high production cows (P = 0.026) and a positive relationship (P < 0.05) between milk production and tick load in August sampling. Greater tick counts were also observed in the in San Javier (traditional farm) group compared to all other animal groups. We conclude that the dynamics of ticks is a complex phenomenon affected by many factors, whose association determines the observed tick population at any given time.
SUSTAINABILITY OF AGROECOSYSTEMS IN TROPICAL REGIONS OF MEXICO
Authors: Marti­nez Castro Cesar Julio , Rios-Castillo Maricela , Castillo-Leal Maricela , Jimenez-Castañeda Julio Cesar , Cotera-Rivera Julian
Published: November 2024

The objective of the present work was carry out the review the main features outcome of the assessments of sustainability in tropical agroecosystems in states of the south-southeast of Mexico. To do this, were collected studies related to the activities of the agricultural sector, farming and ranching, computing in different sources such as magazines, conferences and books. There were 14 studies whose main features include the concentration of the evaluations in cattle systems dual purpose, protruding the state of Veracruz with the evaluation of five management systems. The most commonly methods used assessment methods are the MESMIS framework and indices of sustainability; the assessed areas usually include the economic, social and environmental; studies are transversal to compare two or more systems in a given period of time and the type of scale regularly assessed is the unit of livestock production. Given that few efforts reported by assessing the sustainability of agroecosystems in the tropical regions of the entities of the south-southeast of Mexico as noted the 14 reviews analyzed in this work.
Case Study on Regulatory Approaches for New Degradation Impurity Exceeding ICH Thresholds in Solubilized Ibuprofen Capsules During Stability Testing
Authors: Burle Gowri Sankararao , Kakullamarri Praneeth Rao , Kothamasu Suresh Babu , Kallam Sudha Divya Madhuri , Bodapati Anoop
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the identification, isolation, characterization, and toxicology study of a new degradation impurity found in stability samples of Ibuprofen soft gelatin capsules. An unknown impurity was detected during stability analysis, reaching 0.28% level, which prompted further investigation. A preparative method was developed to isolate the impurity quickly, followed by its identification and characterization using spectroscopic techniques. The impurity, named 2,3-dihydroxxypropyl 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoate, was confirmed through various analyses, including HPLC, LC-MS, NMR, and FT-IR. Forced degradation studies suggested that the impurity formation might be due to the reaction of Ibuprofen with Glycerin present in the product. Toxicology studies were conducted to evaluate the safety of Ibuprofen with the impurity, concluding that it posed no significant toxicity concerns. Based on the findings, a specification limit of not more than 0.3% for the impurity was proposed, supported by justification from various studies and guidelines. To the best of our knowledge, this impurity has not been reported in pharmaceuticals elsewhere; it can be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry for regulatory considerations. This would enhance the pharmaceutical industry's perspectives on unknown impurities and knowledge of degradation impurities, which would positively impact pharmaceutical companies' approaches.
Implementación de la aplicación Plickers como herramienta tecnológica para promover el aprendizaje de matemáticas en estudiantes con TDAH
Authors: Sanmartín Mariuxi , Tufiño Alejandro , Suárez Jefferson , Vásconez Albán Diego Sebastián
Published: November 2024

La aplicación Plickers ha transformado la enseñanza al ofrecer una herramienta tecnológica que mejora el aprendizaje interactivo en el aula, especialmente para estudiantes con TDAH. Este estudio investiga el impacto de la implementación de la aplicación Plickers como herramienta tecnológica en el aprendizaje de matemáticas para estudiantes con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). Se comparó un grupo experimental que utilizó Plickers con un grupo de control tradicional en progresiones aritméticas. La muestra incluyó 45 estudiantes de primero de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa, utilizando un diseño cuali-cuantitativo. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes del grupo experimental mostraron un mejor rendimiento en las evaluaciones, destacándose en la comprensión de conceptos matemáticos. Además, se observó una reducción de la ansiedad durante las evaluaciones, promoviendo una participación más activa en clase. Este hallazgo sugiere que Plickers puede mejorar significativamente el aprendizaje de matemáticas, especialmente para estudiantes con TDAH. Las implicancias incluyen la necesidad de integrar tecnologías educativas adaptativas en la enseñanza para mejorar la inclusión y el rendimiento académico en contextos específicos como el TDAH.
El liderazgo pedagógico como factor de mejora educativa. Una revisión sistemática entre los años 2015-2022
Authors: García Jaque César
Published: November 2024

La presente investigación explora el liderazgo pedagógico destacando la importancia de este enfoque para mejorar la calidad educativa. Se basa en teorías contemporáneas sobre liderazgo y su influencia en la mejora educativa. Los resultados que entregan las pruebas nacionales con el Sistema de Medición de la calidad de la educación (SIMCE) y el Diagnóstico Integral de Aprendizajes (DIA), señalan que se deben realizar acciones de mejora en el área académica. Es el director por medio de su liderazgo el llamado a mejorar esos resultados, liderando estratégicamente, motivando a sus profesores y creando un entorno educativo que potencie el rendimiento y aprendizaje de sus estudiantes. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el liderazgo pedagógico y los factores que contribuyen a la mejora educativa y los procesos de aprendizaje escolar mediante una revisión sistemática entre los años 2015-2022. La metodología empleada en esta investigación es una revisión sistemática, considerando para ello la siguiente combinación de operadores booleanos "pedagogical leadership" AND "educational improvement". Los criterios de inclusión para esta investigación son publicaciones en revistas científicas entre los años 2015 y 2022, artículos descendientes de la pedagogía y en idioma español. Los resultados revelan correlaciones positivas entre el liderazgo pedagógico y el aprendizaje. Se identifican prácticas específicas de liderazgo como el desarrollo profesional y el liderazgo distribuido en la toma de decisiones, que están asociadas con mejoras significativas en la calidad educativa. La discusión enfatiza la interpretación de los resultados, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de liderazgos pedagógicos según diversos contextos educativos.  Las conclusiones sintetizan los resultados que respaldan la influencia positiva del liderazgo pedagógico en la mejora educativa.
SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN HIDROPONIK SISTEM SEDERHANA PADA MAHASISWA UKIP SORONG (PENYEMAIAN BENIH)
Authors: Leiwakabessy Ivonne
Published: November 2024

Yard utilization by applying simple hydroponic planting, training in pakcoy plant cultivation on a household scale is needed. The method used in this community service is socialization and training (practice) which is carried out in several stages, namely: 1) Lecture/delivery of material, this activity is the stage of introduction and training to community service participants/partners regarding pakcoy plant cultivation using a hydroponic system; 2) Question and answer, this activity was carried out after the delivery of simple and useful hydroponic introduction material to see the interests and knowledge of partners related to the material presented; 3) Practice of making planting media by planting pakcoy seed seedlingsAs a result of this service activity, students can find out the stages in vegetable cultivation with a hydroponic system, so that students are trained to be more dexterous by utilizing used items that can be reprocessed, such as used plastic cups or used plastic bottles that can be processed as planting media. With a hydroponic system, the vegetables produced have many advantages for the body, besides that the vegetables that are digested are free from residues and pests and diseases. Other profits can be consumed by themselves as personal needs and as commercial needs to be sold
The Effect of Religious Attitudes of Nursing Students on Their Perceptions of Spiritual Support
Authors: Yüzer Alsaç Selda , Höbek Akarsu Rukiye
Published: November 2024

Öz
Amaç: Dinsel tutum, sağlık çalışanlarının mesleki yaşamlarındaki tutumları arasında en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Maneviyat bütüncül yaklaşımın doğal bir parçası ve hemşirelik bakımının vazgeçilmez bir unsurudur. Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin dini tutumlarının manevi destek algılarına etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Araştırma 10.06.2019-10.07.2019 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'de öğrenim gören 385 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen, demografik özellikler ve manevi bakıma ilişkin soruları içeren anket formu, Dini Tutum Ölçeği (RAS) ve Manevi Destek Algısı Ölçeği (SSPS) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler yüzde, ortalama, t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %85,5'inin 18-22 yaş grubunda olduğu, %70,6'sının kadın, %96,9'unun bekar olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin Manevi Destek Algı Ölçeği'nden (SSPS) ortalama puanları 49,03±9,3, Dini Tutum Ölçeği'nden (RAS) ortalama puanları 27,60±4,35 olarak belirlendi. Öğrencilerin manevi destek algıları ile dini tutumları arasında orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Hemşirelerin bireysel düşünce sistemi, manevi ihtiyaç ve bakım algısı, kendi yaşam umudu, gönüllülüğü, konuya duyarlılığı, dini bilgi, düşünce ve tutumları hemşirelik bakımında etkilidir. Bu nedenle, öğrenci hemşirelerin, manevi bakım şeklinde hastaya sunacakları manevi desteğe ilişkin bilgi ve uygulamaları dini tutum bilgileriyle birleştirerek öğrenme süreçlerinde sunmaları, farkındalıklarını artırmaları ve bütünsel sağlık sağlamaları önemlidir.