bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An optimal solution for software testing case generation based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Jianqi Shi , Yanhong Huang , Ang Li , Fangda Cai
Published: June 2018

Searching based testing case generation technology converts the problem of testing case generation to function optimizations, through a fitness function, which is usually optimized using heuristic search algorithms. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimized testing case generation algorithm tends to lose population diversity of locally optimal solutions with low accuracy of local search. To overcome the above defects, a self-adaptive PSO based software testing case optimization algorithm is proposed. It adjusts the inertia weight dynamically according to the current iteration and average relative speed, to improve the performance of standard PSO. An improved alternating variable method is put forward to accelerate local search speed, which can coordinate both global and local search ability thereby improving the overall generation efficiency of testing cases. The experimental results demonstrate that the approach outlined here keeps higher testing case generation efficiency, and it shows certain advantages in coverage, evolution generation amount and running time when compared to standard PSO and GA-PSO.
Enhancing vitamin B12 content in co-fermented soy-milk via a Lotka Volterra model
Authors: Shi Lihua , Xu Yuanyuan , Zhan Liangsheng , Xiang Shasha , Zhu Xuan , Wang Xinmiao , Tian Shiyi
Published: June 2018

Soybean products are popular because of its taste, digestibility, and health benefits. However, soybean lacks vitamin, mainly the low water-soluble vitamin B12. This study investigated the effects of fermentation conditions on the synthesis of vitamin B12, production of metabolites, and growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Propionibacterium shermainii in fermented soy-milk. A Lotka Volterra model was successfully employed to describe the competition relationship between the two microorganisms under various fermentation conditions. A quadratic function between the ratio of interaction coefficients and vitamin B12 content was found. Higher vitamin B12 in soy-milk can be produced when the ratio of interaction coefficients approach to one. Compared with other fermented soybean products, fermented soy-milk contains more acetate, ethanol, and propionic acid. This study successfully demonstrated a mathematical model to enhance soy-milk vitamin B12 production.
Corporate Social Responsibility und die Frage nach staatlicher Regulierung: Eine rechtspolitische Einschätzung
Authors: Humbert Franziska
Published: June 2018

Die folgende Abhandlung wirft in Anbetracht aktueller Entwicklungen wie der Annahme des deutschen Nationalen Aktionsplans für die Umsetzung der UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte in 2016 und der Verabschiedung des Umsetzungsgesetzes zur CSR-Richtlinie (2014/95/EU) nach dem Verhältnis freiwilligen Unternehmenshandelns und staatlicher Regulierung auf dem Gebiet Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) neu auf. Sie beginnt mit dem Versuch einer Bilanz bisheriger unternehmerischer CSR-Maßnahmen, stellt dann die Entwicklung der Definition von CSR auf EU-Ebene dar, erläutert das Kernstück der UN-Leitprinzipien, die sogenannte menschenrechtliche Sorgfaltspflicht, und schließt mit einer Bewertung des deutschen Aktionsplans sowie der Umsetzung der CSR-Richtlinie. Abschließend stellt sie einen Gesetzesvorschlag für ein menschenrechtliches Sorgfaltspflichtengesetz für Unternehmen vor und unterbreitet Vorschläge zur Verbesserung des Umsetzungsgesetzes für die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung.
Die Mutter-Verantwortlichkeit für Menschenrechtsverletzungen ihrer Auslandstöchter
Authors: Schall Alexander
Published: June 2018

Nach den „UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte“ („Ruggie-Prinzipien“) aus dem Jahr 2011 soll global agierende Unternehmen eine „menschenrechtliche Sorgfaltspflicht“ treffen, kraft derer sie jeglicher Beteiligung ihrer Tochterunternehmen oder Zulieferer im Ausland an Menschenrechtsverletzungen entgegen wirken sollen. Wiewohl bloßes soft law, sollen diese Prinzipen nach dem Aktionsplan der Bundesregierung bis 2020 umgesetzt werden. Dabei steht das Deliktsrecht im Fokus. Die h. M. lehnt eine Verantwortlichkeit der Konzernmutter für Delikte ihrer Tochterunternehmen bislang ab. Der Beitrag bezweifelt dies und schlägt eine differenzierte Betrachtung vor, die ansonsten drohende gesetzgeberische Maßnahmen weitgehend erübrigen könnte.
La varia lectio en la transmisión del De medicina equorum: algunas hipótesis sobre el modelo de la versión gallega de Giordano Ruffo
Authors: Pérez Barcala Gerardo
Published: June 2018

This article offers an approach to the De medicina equorum (post 1250–ante 1256) with the aim of analyzing some of the divergences between the manuscript that contains the Galician translation (Biblioteca Nacional de España, ms. 23076) and the Latin text, mainly known through Girolamo Molin’s edition (based on ms. Lat. Cl. VII 24 of the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana de Venezia). The analysis of the Latin and Romance tradition of Ruffo’s work as well as of other treatises written under its influence show that these divergences do not result from mistakes in the copy of the Galician translation but are rather related to the variations issuing from the process of transmission of this work. Thus, the essay contributes to the establishment of certain textual features of the source text of the Galician version, most likely a Latin manuscript similar to but different from the codex reproduced by Molin.
O Cartulário de Fiães enquanto corpus toponímico: acerca de alguns nomes de lugar na fronteira galego-portuguesa
Authors: Martínez Lema Paulo
Published: June 2018

The chartulary of the Monastery of Santa Maria de Fiães consists of documentation dating mostly back to the 12th century which concerns the process of constitution of the land patrimony of the Benedictine abbey located on the Galician-Portuguese border. This documentary source offers several interesting aspects for linguistic research. In particular, it is worth highlighting the fact that this source contains some of the earliest records (or even, in some cases, the only ones) available for the analysis of a significant number of place-names in the extensive geographic area (the Portuguese Minho land as well as the southern and southwestern regions of Galicia) in which the monastery had a greater number of properties. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore this line of research, by collecting the records in the chartulary for a micro-corpus of four place-names (one being Portuguese and three Galician) and by using them to identify both their etymon and their formal and semantic evolution. Moreover, we will establish, when necessary, their possible relations with other toponymic items, finally analyzing certain dynamics and phenomena (essentially phonetic ones). Their research interest stems from their relatively rare nature in the context of Galician-Portuguese toponymy.
Romagnolo fe(r) e’ curdo(n) ‘fare le fusa’
Authors: Baglioni Daniele
Published: June 2018

In this article the Romagnolo locution fe(r) e’ curdo(n) ‘to purr’ is considered in regard to its etymology. It is argued that the word curdo(n) ‘string’ is a paretymological reinterpretation of burdon ‘burden, drone’, a technical music term designating the lowest course of a lute and, more generally, a uniform bass accompaniment. Hence the locution would have been playfully applied to the purr of cats, whose noise resembles a bass accompaniment because of its low pitch and assiduity.
Ital. ammazzare (con considerazioni su stramazzare, mattare, mazzare)
Authors: Gomez Gane Yorick
Published: June 2018

The Italian verb ammazzare ‘to kill (someone), usually in a violent way’ is explained by Italian historical and etymological lexicography as a verb originally indicating a homicide committed with a club (Italian mazza). On the basis of historical linguistic examples it is instead here ascribed to the act of striking animals with a club during slaughter, where the verb would then assume (for the immediate correspondence between the action and its purpose) the general meaning of ‘killing (an animal)’ (subsequently being referred to people). The article then briefly discusses the etymology of the Italian verb stramazzare ‘to strike down to the ground violently’, which may also be ascribed to animal slaughter, and finally the origin of the ancient Italian verbs mattare and mazzare ‘to kill’, as well as their possible Latin bases *mattare/*mattiare.
Risk Factors and Number of Falls as Determinants of Quality of Life of Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Pérez-Ros Pilar , Martínez-Arnau Francisco M. , Tarazona-Santabalbina Francisco J.
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose:

In older adults, the psychological impact and effects related to the loss of functional capacity are directly related to perceived quality of life (QOL). The predictors of better QOL are increased physical activity, lower prevalence of overweight, lower cases of depression, and lower rate of reported alcohol abuse. On the contrary, the predictors of decreased QOL are female gender, comorbidity, deficient nutritional condition, polypharmacy, loss of mobility, depression and dependency, poor economic conditions, and social isolation and loneliness. Furthermore, QOL in older adults is more dependent on the number of falls than comorbidity. The objective was to investigate the determinants of perceived QOL among independent community-dwelling older adults and to quantify the influence of number of falls and number of risk factors on QOL.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study of 572 older adults (>70 years of age) seen in 10 primary care centers in La Ribera, Valencia, Spain. Comprehensive geriatric assessment was done by 4 nurses in primary care centers. Functional status and sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected. Quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D scale.

Results:

Females predominated (63.3%). Mean age (standard deviation) was 76.1 (3.9) years. The male gender (β = .09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05-0.13) was found to be predictive of better QOL, together with physical activity (β = .04; 95% CI: 0.02-0.06), while the use of drugs affecting the central nervous system (β = −.08; 95% CI: −0.12 to −0.03), overweight (β = −.06; 95% CI: 0.1 to − 0.02), comorbidity (β = −.09; 95% CI: −0.13 to −0.05), the presence of fall risk factors (β = −.02; 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.01), and the number of previous falls (β = −.03; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.01) had a negative impact upon the EQ-5D Index score.

Conclusions:

If perceived QOL is used as an indicator of the success of intervention programs, certain factors accompanying the adoption of measures for the prevention of falls may mask the results (failure or success) of the intervention. Because most determinants of QOL are modifiable and physical activity has the potential to improve QOL, this research suggests that physical activity programs should be a component of health care for older adults.
Differences in Maturity, Morphological, and Fitness Attributes Between the Better- and Lower-Ranked Male and Female U-14 Portuguese Elite Regional Basketball Teams
Authors: Ramos Sérgio , Volossovitch Anna , Ferreira António P. , Barrigas Carlos , Fragoso Isabel , Massuça Luís
Published: June 2018

Ramos, S, Volossovitch, A, Ferreira, AP, Barrigas, C, Fragoso, I, and Massuça, L. Differences in maturity, morphological and fitness attributes between the better- and lower-ranked male and female U-14 Portuguese elite regional basketball teams. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 878–887, 2020—During a national championship, the anthropometric, physiological, and maturation attributes of 13–14-year-old players of regional selection basketball teams and their association with team's final classification were analyzed. Body parameters (body mass, height, skinfolds, and lengths) were measured and physiological capacities assessed by sprint (20 m), agility, jump, and upper-body strength tests. Chronological age, maturity offset (years from age at peak height velocity; YAPHV), and predicted age at peak height velocity were calculated. In both sexes, no significant differences were found for maturity. Anthropometric and physiological analysis indicated that male players from finalist's teams were significantly faster, were more agile, threw the medicine ball longer, and showed lower percentages of body fat than players from lower-ranked teams. Further, semifinalists were faster than lower-ranked players. In the same sense, female players from semifinalist teams demonstrated to be significantly faster, more agile, and threw the medicine ball longer than female players from lower-ranked teams. In addition, discriminant analysis showed that speed (in boys) and the combination of speed and upper limb strength (in girls) could successfully discriminate players with different performances in a championship. In conclusion, speed and upper limb strength appear to be the physical attributes associated with better team performance in youth basketball. Coaches should be aware of the relationship between the improvement of these physical attributes and the teaching-learning process of the basketball game.
Caffeine's Effects on an Upper-Body Resistance Exercise Workout
Authors: Salatto Robert W. , Arevalo Jose A. , Brown Lee E. , Wiersma Lenny D. , Coburn Jared W.
Published: June 2018

Salatto, RW, Arevalo, JA, Brown, LE, Wiersma, LD, and Coburn, JW. Caffeine's effects on an upper-body resistance exercise workout. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1643–1648, 2020—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of caffeine on an upper-body resistance exercise workout. Fifteen men (mean ± SD: age, 23.1 ± 1.9 years; body mass, 89.1 ± 13.9 kg; height, 175 ± 6.1 cm) volunteered to come to the laboratory 3 times. During visit 1, 1-repetition maximum (RM) values were determined for the barbell bench press, incline barbell bench press, and dumbbell bench press exercises. For visit 2, subjects consumed either 800-mg caffeine or a placebo. Subjects then completed 3 sets to failure of each exercise using 80% of their 1RM. Visit 3 was the same as visit 2; however, participants consumed the opposite treatment as visit 2. Various perceptual measures were recorded before, during, and after the workouts. The results indicated that participants completed significantly more repetitions per set for the barbell bench press (4.80 ± 2.66) and incline barbell bench press (4.91 ± 2.29) in the caffeine condition compared with the placebo condition (4.42 ± 2.56 and 4.36 ± 2.11, respectively). Higher arousal scores were found in the caffeine condition. For vigor, participants reported higher scores with caffeine before warming up (caffeine = 10.20 ± 4.11, placebo = 6.20 ± 3.23) and mid workout (caffeine = 13.53 ± 2.29, placebo = 11.13 ± 2.79). These results suggest that caffeine has an ergogenic effect on strength workout performance due, at least in part, to positive effects on workout perception. Athletes and recreational lifters may want to consider the ingestion of caffeine before a resistance exercise workout.
ovoDCo-selection: A Method for Enriching CRISPR/Cas9-Edited Alleles inDrosophila
Authors: Ewen-Campen Ben , Perrimon Norbert
Published: June 2018

Screening for successful CRISPR/Cas9 editing events remains a time consuming technical bottleneck in the field of Drosophila genome editing. This step can be particularly laborious for events that do not cause a visible phenotype, or those which occur at relatively low frequency. A promising strategy to enrich for desired CRISPR events is to co-select for an independent CRISPR event that produces an easily detectable phenotype. Here, we describe a simple negative co-selection strategy involving CRISPR-editing of a dominant female sterile allele, ovoD1. In this system (“ovoD co-selection”), the only functional germ cells in injected females are those that have been edited at the ovoD1 locus, and thus all offspring of these flies have undergone editing of at least one locus. We demonstrate that ovoD co-selection can be used to enrich for knock-out mutagenesis via nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), and for knock-in alleles via homology-directed repair (HDR). Altogether, our results demonstrate that ovoD co-selection reduces the amount of screening necessary to isolate desired CRISPR events in Drosophila.
Journal Information
Authors: WHR Editor-in-Chief
Published: June 2018

Null
Urgensi Perubahan Undang-Undang Sebagai Tindak Lanjut Atas Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Nasution Ihsan Badruni
Published: June 2018

Abstrak. Salah satu materi muatan yang diatur oleh Undang-Undang adalah sebagai tindak lanjut atas putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. DPR RI dan Presiden sebagai pembentuk Undang-Undang memiliki peran yang penting untuk menindaklanjuti putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui perubahan Undang-Undang. Upaya perubahan Undang-Undang sebagai tindak lanjut atas akibat hukum putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi harus dilakukan secara terencana dan memiliki parameter yang jelas dalam Program Legislasi Nasional (Prolegnas). Namun, saat ini belum ada pengaturan yang jelas dan tegas yang mengatur mengenai tata cara dan parameter yang digunakan sebagai urgensi dalam mengusulkan materi rancangan Undang-Undang akibat adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan tata cara dan parameter yang jelas dan terukur yang memuat ringkasan kebutuhan berdasarkan beberapa indikator untuk menindaklanjuti akibat dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui perubahan Undang-Undang agar terdapat kepastian hukum dalam pembentukan Undang-Undang.
Yurisprudensi Sebagai Alternatif Refrensial Hakim Dalam Memahami Konstitusi
Authors: Ningsih Rahmah
Published: June 2018

Abstrak. Pembangunan dan pembaharuan hukum tidak hanya dilakukan melalui kodifikasi  dan unifikasi hukum akan tetapi dapat juga dilakukan melalui hukum-hukum yang tidak tertulis baik itu hukum kebiasaan, atau putusan hakim yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap (yurisprudensi). Pembaharuan dalam yurisprudensi sangat penting untuk dibahas apalagi terhadap permasalahan yang belum diatur jelas oleh peraturan perundang-undangan atau masih ada perdebatan mengenai permasalahan tersebut.Yurisprudensi memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan undang-undang, karena putusan-putusannya telah berkekuatan hukum tetap serta dibenarkan oleh Mahkamah Agung sebagai pengadilan tingkat kasasi. Putusan hakim pada pengadilan tingkat pertama atau pengadilan tingkat banding belum tentu dapat dikategorikan sebagai yurisprudensi, kecuali apabila putusan tersebut telah melalui proses eksaminasi dan notasi serta rekomendasi sebagai putusan yang telah memenuhi standar hukum yurisprudensi dari Mahkamah Agung.   Kata Kunci: Yurisprudensi, Referensi Hakim, Konstitusi.
Historias locales en la perspectiva de Jaime Jaramillo Uribe. Los casos de Pereira y Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Ramírez Bacca Renzo
Published: June 2018

Este artículo analiza el pensamiento histórico en perspectiva local propuesto por Jaime Jaramillo Uribe. El historiador, conocido como el padre de la Nueva Historia en Colombia, abordó las ciudades de Pereira y Bogotá (Colombia) en los años 60`s y 80`s del siglo XX. Una experiencia que ayuda comprender un modo de hacer historias locales en los inicios de la profesionalización del oficio. La intención es considerar sus hipótesis y conjeturas en torno a las esferas sociales y culturales de los pereiranos y bogotanos. Además, de sus fuentes de inspiración referenciadas en estudios previos, en especial el uso que hace de la información primaria. Visto desde la unicidad del historiador es válido advertir que su aporte es limitado en cuanto al número de contribuciones e impacto posterior. Asimismo, la intención aquí es ofrecer un ensayo comprensivo y descriptivo, con un matiz difusionista, en torno a un modo de historiar que adquiere cada vez más relevancia en los historiadores profesionales.
Identificación de los conocimientos de calidad de la información de mortalidad en Bogotá
Authors: Chaparro-Narváez Pablo Enrique , Jiménez-Serna Mónica Marcela , De la Hoz Restrepo Fernando Pio
Published: June 2018

Objetivo Identificar los conocimientos del personal que participaba en la producción y el uso de la información de mortalidad sobre la calidad de la misma, durante el año 2010.Métodos Estudio descriptivo que aplicó encuesta semi-estructurada, auto-administrada a 130 funcionarios que participaban en la producción y uso de estadísticas de mortalidad. Sobre los conocimientos de calidad de la información de mortalidad, se indagaron aspectos que daban cuenta de fiabilidad, características, calificación, explicación a la calificación dada y propuesta para mejorar. Se calcularon frecuencias y distribuciones porcentuales. Resultados El 76,2 % de los encuestados identificaron cobertura y contenido como aspectos que daban cuenta de la fiabilidad de la información de mortalidad. Las principales características de calidad de la información reconocidas fueron veracidad, 80,8 %; completitud, 76,2 %; precisión, 75,4 %; oportunidad, 74,6 %; y validez, 73,8 %. El 55,4 % de los participantes calificó la calidad como regular y el 6,2 % como mala. Sensibilización, procesos formativos y evaluativos fueron algunas de las propuestas mencionadas para el mejoramiento de la calidad. Conclusiones Los hallazgos sugieren que existe falta de conocimientos sobre la calidad de la información de mortalidad. Se hace necesario corregir esa falta de conocimientos poniendo en práctica las propuestas de mejoramiento realizada por los encuestados. Se recomendó que las distintas propuestas que se pongan en marcha, sean seguidas y evaluadas para conocer el impacto que ellas producen.
Percepciones de un grupo de epidemiólogos en formación acerca de su propia vejez
Authors: Garzón-Duque Maria Osley , Morales-Erazo Alexander , Narváez-Eraso Carmen Ofelia , Jurado-Fajardo Daniel Marcelo , Carlosama-Rosero Yeison Harvey , Benavides-Melo Carmenza Janneth , Acosta-Jurado Diana Carolina , Delgado-Bravo Adriana Isabel
Published: June 2018

Objetivo Explorar desde la mirada de un grupo de epidemiólogos en formación, las percepciones sobre su propia vejez.Material y Métodos Estudio exploratorio, cualitativo - descriptivo, en el cual se hizo aplicación de herramientas etnográficas: observación, diario de campo y entrevista grupal (GF).Resultados El grupo consensuo que programarse para llegar a una vejez funcional y digna es importante, a pesar de las desfavorables y adversas condiciones actuales, reconociendo que no todos lograrán llegar a ella, y que es menos común en los jóvenes pensar y planear su propia vejez, y menos trabajar con y para los viejos. Los significados sobre vejez más frecuentemente referidos por el grupo contienen la palabra “etapa”, en cuyo concepto y cuidados se reflejan los altos estándares deseados a nivel individual. Se puso de manifiesto que los hogares para ancianos son necesarios, pero que los servicios prestados son diferenciados pues “la economía determina la atención para el anciano”.Conclusión La reflexión acerca de la percepción de la propia vejez, para el grupo de epidemiólogos en formación, ayudó a visualizar sus inquietudes, miedos, expectativas y a reflexionar acerca de su responsabilidad y posibilidades en el aporte de evidencia científica que permita planear y tomar decisiones acertadas para un envejecimiento y vejez dignas de la población nariñense.
PORE SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN SIMULATION OF MASS TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA: A CASE STUDY IN RESERVOIR ANALYSIS
Authors: Thai Vu Hong
Published: June 2018

The modeling and numerical simulation of mass transport in porous media is discussed in this work by using the so-called pore size distribution for computing transport properties. The pore-size distribution is a property of the pore structure of a porous medium. This can be used to estimate the different transport properties, amongst other, the permeability. By starting with a formula for the absolute permeability, the simulation of water and oil transport in reservoirs is considered by solving mass conservation equations with the help of the control volume method. The influence of the pore size distribution on the transport behavior is discussed to demonstrate the adequacy of the use of pore size distribution in studying the behavior of reservoirs.
REGULATION OF BURNING SPEED FOR THE GRANULES OF HIGH ENERGY MATERIALS IN MILITARY FIELD (SINGLE-BASED PROPELLANT) USING ABSORPTION OF CAMPHOR METHODS
Authors: Hieu Pham Quang`
Published: June 2018

As launchers for artillery weapon, grains were used that have energy in military equipment (also known as the single-based propellant). Each type of artillery weapon has a special requirement for muzzle velocity and pressure in which for the ammunition used for weapon with long barrel and high power, the term "increasing the efficiency of propellant" means, it is extremely important to improve the muzzle velocity of the projectile while maintaining maximum pressure in the barrel. This article presents one of the key approaches to "increasing the efficiency of propellant" by regulation the grain velocity of the initial particles of propellant by absorbing camphor on their surfaces (phlegmatic propellant).
STUDY ON THE CLARIFYING ADDITIVES FOR HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE
Authors: Bang Le Thi
Published: June 2018

Bis-3,4- dimethyldibenzylidene sorbitol (DMDBS); bis-p-methylbenzylidene sorbitol (MDBS) and the mixture of DMDBS/MDBS (50/50) were studied through optical, thermal, mechanical properties and surface morphology. With the same amount of additive (DMDBS/MDBS mixture and DMDBS) in the material, the results are similar. On the other hand, using an additive mix reduces the cost of production due to MDBS. Furthermore, the additive mixture is used without producing odours. Therefore, the mixture of DMDBS/MDBS (50/50) is chosen.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE STUDY OF CORROSION IN AN OCCLUDED ZONE
Authors: Quang Vu Anh
Published: June 2018

An experimental setup allowing pH measurements inside a confined volume representing a lapped joint was designed in our last study [1]. The pH evolution over steel surface in confined conditions was monitored. In this study, the experimental pH was compared with that calculated using a two-dimensional transport-reaction model only in the case of a confined iron surface. The difference between the experimental and calculated pH in the steady state was attributed to the limitation of the modelling approach, more especially concerning solid phases precipitation inside the cavity. Nevertheless, only short term (hour) experiments and simulations can be compared illustrating the necessary improvement of these basic models to predict real perforation corrosion rate at long term.
REMOVAL OF O,M,P-XYLENE FROM AIR SAMPLES ON OXIDIZED CARBON NANOTUBES CARTRIDGES
Authors: Quynh Anh Le Huu
Published: June 2018

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as an excellent adsorbent in environmental engineering, especially for treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The paper presents a new approach for the selective adsorption of Xylene isomers from air samples using nanomaterial based on oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. In the first study, the functionalization of two oxidized MWCNTs was achieved with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite. The characterization of functionalized CNTs (CNT-NaOCl, CNT-H2O2) was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-Ray diffractometer (XRD). Afterthat, the applications of pristine CNTs and oxidized CNTs for removal of three Xylene isomers from air samples were discussed. The results demonstrate that the correlation of CNTs and three isomers was significantly different with an affinity order o-Xylene > m-Xylene > p-Xylene. The oxidized CNTs with carbonyl groups increased significantly its adsorption capacity for these isomers. A comparison in term of adsorption performance shows that the framework distinguishes among these adsorbents due to the dispersive properties and the electrostatic interaction between the Xylene isomers and oxidized CNTs surface.
Real exchange rate and innovation: empirical evidences
Authors: SOUTO KEYNIS CÂNDIDO DE , RESENDE MARCO FLÁVIO CUNHA
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT The recent debate on the determinants of the lung-run economic growth highlights the role of a competitive and stable real exchange rate to foster growth. In this debate, the works follow two approaches: theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical approach a considerable portion of the works points towards the innovation as a transmission mechanism of the real exchange rate effects on income. These works emphasize that the real exchange rate affects growth because of its impacts on the determinants of innovation, such as investment. Despite the theoretical debate, the focus of empirical works is on the analysis of the exchange rate effects on income while the relationship between exchange rate and innovation remains untapped. This article seeks to contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence that supports the link between the real exchange rate and innovation.
Insights on deflation theory
Authors: ASENSIO ANGEL
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Irving Fisher offered a ‘tentative’ debt-deflation theory of great depressions rather than a fully consistent theory of his ‘creed’: “I say ‘creed’ because, for brevity, it is purposely expressed dogmatically and without proof. [...] it is quite tentative” (Fisher 1933, p. 337). The paper argues that prominent authors who strived to explain his ideas within the Walrasian apparatus could not deliver a consistent theory of deflation with protracted depression. This is basically because destabilizing market forces cannot dominate in that conceptual framework. By contrast, owing to the way competitive forces operate under fundamental uncertainty, Keynes’ General Theory escapes the contradiction.
A review on defense innovation: from spin-off tospin-in,
Authors: LESKE ARIELA D. C.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Historically, investments in innovation for military purposes have been presented as having a positive impact on economy development as whole. In this vein, the end of the Cold War is presented as an inflection point. The reduction in the number of international conflicts would have negatively affected investments in defense-related products, as the former was considered the driver of the latter. It argues that the decision of whether investing in the military or the civil sectors as the driver of economic development depends first and foremost on historic and socio-economic contexts in which decisions are taken.
Uma avaliação sobre as competências e habilidades do engenheiro de produção no ambiente industrial
Authors: Santos Patrícia Fernanda dos , Simon Alexandre Tadeu
Published: June 2018

Resumo Objetivou-se neste trabalho investigar como as empresas avaliam as competências e habilidades do engenheiro de produção para o desempenho de suas atividades no ambiente industrial. A metodologia envolveu uma revisão bibliográfica e uma pesquisa survey em 46 empresas de grande porte da indústria de transformação do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas reconhecem a importância das competências e habilidades do engenheiro de produção para o ambiente industrial, mas, ao mesmo tempo, elas apontam deficiências do profissional. A partir dos resultados desta pesquisa, conclui-se que esforços devem ser realizados para suprir tais deficiências na formação profissional do engenheiro de produção. Entende-se, portanto, que nos cenários de competitividade existe a necessidade de as instituições de ensino integrarem-se com as empresas para que juntas gerem mais treinamento e experiência, que, consequentemente, melhoram as habilidades que, por sua vez, melhoram as competências e resultam em profissionais mais qualificados para criar soluções e resolver os problemas da indústria.
Value-at-Risk (VaR) Real brasileiro e moedas de mercados emergentes e em desenvolvimento
Authors: Ogawa Marina Andreotti , Costa Naijela Janaina da , Moralles Herick Fernando
Published: June 2018

Resumo A globalização tem sido responsável pela elevação da exposição de empresas e países a riscos relativos a fatores cambiais. A literatura tem abordado a questão da volatilidade da moeda em países emergentes e desenvolvidos sem um consenso sobre tal dinâmica, bem como são escassos os estudos que estimam e situam o risco do real brasileiro. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve por objetivo mensurar o risco da taxa de câmbio brasileira, bem como testar a hipótese de que existe uma diferença significante na volatilidade entre moedas de países emergentes e em desenvolvimento. Por meio do VaR paramétrico ajustado para distribuições de valores extremos, observou-se que o real brasileiro apresentou taxa de câmbio de maior risco. Os resultados também revelam que os pressupostos distribucionais não parecem apresentar nenhum padrão específico quando confrontados países emergentes e desenvolvidos, e também que países emergentes apresentaram menor volatilidade, denotando a preponderância de fatores externos ao mercado cambial na determinação do risco de algumas moedas.
Mechanical and Fatigue Strength Assessment of Friction Stir Welded Plates of Magnesium Alloy AZ31B
Authors: Luna Carlos Fernando , Arenas Fernando Franco , Pereira Victor Ferrinho , Ávila Julián Arnaldo
Published: June 2018

Abstract Light-alloys play a significant role in saving weight in automotive and aerospace industries; however, a few joining methods guarantee mechanical and fatigue strengths for high performance application. Even conventional arc welding processes do not offer constant quality joints. Therefore, this study uses an alternative solid-state welding process, friction stir welding (FSW), to analyze post processing microstructures and assess mechanical and fatigue strength. Magnesium alloy AZ31B plates were welded using different welding parameters in a dedicated FSW machine. The effect of the spindle speed (ω) and welding speed (ν) on the microstructure, the tensile strength and fatigue were studied. The stirred zone (SZ) at the FS-welded joints presented a microstructure composed by homogeneous equiaxial grains, refined by dynamic recrystallization. A rise in grain size, weld bead width, tensile and fatigue strengths with the increase of speed ratio (ω/ν) were observed. Results of the fatigue and mechanical strength here presented outperformed results from welds made with conventional milling machines.
BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE FIXATION IN SYNTHETIC BONE
Authors: MANSUR HENRIQUE , ALVAREZ RAFAEL , FREITAS ANDERSON , GONÇALVES CESAR BARBOSA , RAMOS MAX ROGERIO FREITAS
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives To analyze the results of biomechanical assays of the fixation of Pauwels type II femoral neck fractures in synthetic bones, using two parallel cannulated screws or three cannulated screws in an inverted pyramid formation. Methods Ten Brazilian-made synthetic bones were divided into 2 groups. Groups A and B utilized three and two cannulated screws, respectively, after osteotomy in the middle third of the femur, perpendicular to the axis of the femoral neck, simulating a Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture. The resistance of these fixations was analyzed by compression on the axis of the force resulting from hip compression, simulated with a manual hydraulic press. The T-test and post hoc analysis were used to compare the groups, and the significance criterion adopted was p < 0.05. Results In group A, which used fixation with three screws, synthesis failure was seen at a mean force of 526 N. In group B, which used two screws, the mean force was 466 N. The results presented a statistically significant difference (p = 0.02). Conclusion The osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures in synthetic bone fixated with two screws presented inferior results to fixation with three screws. Level of Evidence III; Case-control study.
REPLACEMENT VERSUS NON-REPLACEMENT OF THE PATELLAR JOINT SURFACE IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: FERREIRA RAFAEL ALUISIO FENERICH HONORIO , MASCARENHAS LEONARDO BARROS , SALIM RODRIGO , FERREIRA ALINE MIRANDA , FOGAGNOLO FABRÍCIO , KFURI JUNIOR MAURÍCIO
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective This study addresses functional data, pain, and the reoperation rate in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) during which the patella was or was not replaced. Methods Fifty-three knees were included, 18 with the patella replaced and 35 with the patella not replaced. WOMAC and SF-12 scores and knee pain were analyzed preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months after TKA. The reoperation rate was also evaluated. Results Both groups presented significant improvement in WOMAC score and pain at all postoperative follow-up appointments. There was no significant difference between the groups in all evaluated variables. Two subjects in the group did not undergo patellar replacement due to complaints of anterior knee pain after arthroplasty. There was no difference between the groups in relation to the reoperation rate. Conclusion Patients receiving patellar replacement during TKA did exhibit significant differences in the rate of reoperation, function, or pain when compared to patients in which the patella was replaced. Level of Evidence III; Cohort study.
POSTOPERATIVE RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TREATMENT OF DUPLICATED THUMB
Authors: NAKAMOTO HUGO ALBERTO , RAMOS FREDERICO FALEIRO , GONÇALVES REINALDO BORGES , GOLDENBERG DOV CHARLES , GEMPERLI ROLF
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate postoperative epidemiological and functional factors in patients operated to treat duplicate thumb. Methods This retrospective case series evaluated 20 patients (23 thumbs) treated from January 2012 to December 2016 at our service. Epidemiological and clinical factors were studied, including Tada score. Results Of the 34 children who were treated surgically, only 20 appeared for the functional evaluation and were included in the study. Of the operated cases, 60% were Wassel type 4. All evaluated cases had good functional results (Tada score ≥5, mean score: 6.65). The most frequently used surgical technique was resection of the radial thumb with reconstruction of the radial collateral ligament (47.8% of cases). Conclusion Surgical correction of duplicated thumb yields good results, as long as attention is paid to abnormalities in bones, ligaments, and tendons. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
As Sendas da Verdade: um olhar foucaultiano sobre a busca da verdade
Authors: Rocha Maria Zélia B.
Published: June 2018

Resumo Este ensaio trata da relação verdade-saber científico, utilizando o aporte teórico desenvolvido por Michel Foucault. Destrincha uma analítica da verdade, percorrendo a senda trilhada pela razão ocidental em busca da verdade. O artigo demonstra, sob a perspectiva foucaultiana, como o saber ocidental se constitui como verdade e, portanto, como conhecimento científico. Conclui, incursionando sobre as possibilidades de o homem ansiar pela verdade.1
Comparison of the phytochemical profiles of five native plant species in two different forest formations
Authors: Pilatti D. M. , Fortes A. M. T. , Jorge T. C. M. , Boiago N. P.
Published: June 2018

Abstract The expression of chemical compounds by individual plants of the same species in different locations may be affected by abiotic factors resulting in differences in the production of allelopathic compounds. The objective of this study was to compare the phytochemical profiles of plant species from two different forest formations in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The forest formations were Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (SSF) and Lowland Ombrophilous Dense Forest (LODF), and the five study species were Jacaranda micrantha, Cecropia pachystachya, Mimosa bimucronata, Schinus terebinthifolius and Cedrela fissilis. Secondary metabolites were extracted by exhaustive extraction with methanol, and the crude extract was fractionated using column chromatography. The fractions were used to calculate the retention factor of the main compounds using thin layer chromatography and phytochemical tests. The classes of compounds identified were practically the same among the analyzed species, however, at different levels of concentration. The type of tannins found in S. terebinthifolius differed between the two forest formations.
ESTIMATION OF EUCALYPTUS TREE HEIGHT IN CLONAL AND PROGENY TESTS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina de Albuquerque , Almeida Filipe Monteiro , Souza Ramon Barreto , Chaves Raul , Paiva Haroldo Nogueira de , Binot Daniel Henrique Breda , Leite Helio Garcia , Farias Aline Araújo
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to test the applicability of artificial neural networks for estimating tree heights in clonal tests and progenies. We used data from 8,329 clonal tests collected for six age groups, divided into six blocks and five repetitions. For the progeny tests, we used 36,793 data points, collected at age 5 and divided into ten blocks and five repetitions. The categorical input variables considered were age, treatment, and block. The diameter (dap) was used with continuous input variables. For training the networks, we used two samples. Sub-sample 1 was composed of the first tree of each block. In sub-sample 2, the tree was selected randomly within each block. This selection was made in both tests. The selected data were separated, with 70% used for training and 30% used for validation. The other unselected trees were used for generalization. For each age and treatment, we used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test to verify the normality of the errors. The results show that ANNs can be used to estimate the heights of trees subjected to various experimental plot treatments, with no loss of accuracy or estimation precision.
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES ON IMPLEMENTING AN ECOLOGICAL CORRIDOR BETWEEN PROTECTED AREAS IN CERRADO BIOME
Authors: Schwaida Samuel Fernando , Cicerelli Rejane Ennes , Almeida Tati de , Roig Henrique Llacer
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Landscape management aiming to reconnect isolated vegetation patches through corridors is important to mitigate impacts on fauna and flora species due to habitat degradation and fragmentation. This work presents a methodology based on geoprocessing tools to define ecological corridors. This case study was conducted on Distrito Federal, central Brazil, aiming to propose a corridor for large and mediumsized mammals reconnecting Águas Emendadas Ecological Station and Formosa Military Training Area. Cost analysis using geoprocessing tools and available official database generated three paths (A, B, C) Extension varied from 28.88 (A) to 47.34 km (C) and paths intersection with natural vegetation patches varied from 74.43 (A) to 90.35% (B). Intersection with potential Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) varied from 66.32 (A) to 86.26% (C). Overlap with private properties registered on Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) was verified for best paths A and B and revealed 51.60% and 50.97% of overlap. Cost analysis tools and AHP were considered efficient for generating ecological corridors.
HABITAT MODELING FOR THE FAMILY OF RHINOCRYPTIDS IN THE RAIN FOREST IN THE SOUTH OF CHILE
Authors: Moreno Roberto , Molina Juan Ramón , Machuca Miguel Ángel Herrera , Soler Noemi Salvador , Zamora Ricardo
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Fragmentation and degradation of forest habitats affects (the susceptibility of several species is high) highly sensitive species, provoking a serious decrease in biodiversity. To deal with this problem it is necessary to consider the conservation level of bioindicator species and the development of a sustainable forest management of the natural resources. Within this framework, the current study poses the statistical binomial logit modeling to identify the potential habitat of endemic birds (Rhinocryptids) in rain forests in the south of Chile, biodiversity “hostpot” worldwide. The research allowed to identify a potential area of habitat of 14619 hectares with high probability presence of the studied birds. This area presented certain habitat constraints both topographic and vegetation factors. The studied birds showed a high selection of habitats associated to mixed forests of Nothofagus species, sites with high stratification and understory presence. The low quantity of Rhinocryptidae family species was associated to exclusive forests of Araucaria araucana, which exist at higher altitudes. The model of potential habitat of bioindicator birdlife (avifauna) within a system of geographic information it is presented as an efficient tool of information among the degree of alteration of ecosystems and for decision-makings in native forest management.
Enfoque histórico en la enseñanza del campo electro magnético
Authors: Tobaja Luis Manuel , Gil Julia
Published: June 2018

Resumo Actualmente se acepta que la introducción de la Historia de la Ciencia en la enseñanza de las ciencias ha resultado fructífera en la mejora de la actitud de los alumnos ante la ciencia y en la mejor comprensión de los métodos de la ciencia. Se ha realizado una experiencia didáctica con alumnos del último curso de bachillerato científico en la asignatura de física consistente en la enseñanza del campo electromagnético (CEM) e inducción magnética mediante una secuenciación histórica de los descubrimientos e interpretaciones teóricas ocurridos en la primera mitad del siglo XIX en este ámbito. Realizado un estudio cuasiexperimental con pretest y postest, se muestra que los alumnos que han seguido la secuenciación histórica mejoran más que el grupo de control en reconocimiento de la labor de los científicos, en comprensión de la metodología científica y en adquisición de conocimientos.
Una actividad experimental fundamental sobre efecto Hall
Authors: Baccino Daniel , Falcón Sergio Leopoldo , Trinidad Guzmán Pablo
Published: June 2018

Resumo Es poco frecuente encontrar dispositivos de bajo costo que muestren el efecto Hall en laboratorios de física de enseñanza media. Presentamos un montaje y una actividad experimental asociada en la que se mide dicho efecto en bismuto. La importancia tecnológica y científica de fenómenos de interacción entre campos y corrientes fundamenta la inclusión de su tratamiento en los cursos básicos de física.
Atividades investigativas e o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências: um relato de experiência no curso de Física da Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Fraiha Simone , Paschoal Jr Waldomiro , Perez Silvana , Tabosa Clara E.S. , Silva Alves João Paulo da , Silva Charles Rocha
Published: June 2018

Resumo Neste trabalho apresentamos um relato de experiência de uma disciplina piloto implementada em uma turma de ingressantes no curso de graduação em Física (licenciatura e bacharelado) da Universidade Federal do Pará, durante o primeiro semestre de 2017. Tendo como base o uso de atividades investigativas no ensino, durante o semestre de trabalho, os estudantes foram divididos em equipes e a cada uma delas foi proposto um problema de Ciências em aberto, para o qual os alunos tiveram que emitir hipóteses, planejar um aparato experimental, coletar dados e interpretar os resultados de forma a responder o problema proposto. Na análise da proposta didática, apresentamos os principais aspectos pontuados pelos professores que aplicaram a metodologia. Em se tratando diretamente dos estudantes, pôde-se perceber um maior engajamento nas atividades propostas pelo professor e um aumento da autoeficácia. Indiretamente, observou-se um maior respeito à liberdade criativa e ao ritmo de aprendizado de cada aluno no que tange ao aprendizado dos conceitos de Física relevantes, bem como ao desenvolvimento de competências relacionadas à capacidade de resolver problemas de pesquisa e do seu cotidiano. Entre outros aspectos pontuados pelos professores destacam-se uma sensibilidade da metodologia à turma, bem como à escolha dos problemas propostos.