bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An endoplasmic reticulum targeting green fluorescent protein chromophore-based probe for the detection of viscosity
Authors: Wei Xiaoqin , Zhu Yiming , Yu Xiang , Cai Lei , Ruan Nanan , Wu Luling , Jia Nengqin , James Tony D. , Huang Chusen
Published: August 2022

The occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the main cause of a variety of biological processes that are closely related to numerous diseases.
Cathode enabled high faradaic efficiency: reduction of imines to amines with H2O as a H-source
Authors: Wang Aihua , Liu Xin , Gao Wei , Ma Li , Liu Siyuan , Zhang Guofeng , Zhou Mingyang , Jia Xiaofei , Chen Jianbin
Published: August 2022

An electrochemical reduction of imines to amines is developed using H2O as a H-source. By tuning the reaction by using a carbon paper cathode, the undesired HER is suppressed, thereby achieving high faradaic efficiency.
Chemoselective tandem SN2′/SN2′′/inter- or intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction of γ-vinyl MBH carbonates with phenols and o-hydroxychalcones
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Le , Liu Ye , Fan Shi-Lu , Dai Jian-Jun , Tao Wei , Zhu Hui-Xia , Xiao Hua
Published: August 2022

Base-promoted chemoselective tandem SN2′/SN2′′/D–A dimerization/elimination reaction or SN2′/SN2′′/intramolecular D–A reaction of γ-vinyl Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates with phenols and ortho-hydroxychalcones is reported.
Bacteria-mediated in situ polymerization of peptide-modified acrylamide for enhancing antimicrobial activity
Authors: Gao Zhiqiang , Wang Jiahe , Yu Wen , Bai Haotian , Lv Fengting , Huang Yiming
Published: August 2022

Antibacterial effects were achieved with the native living activities of the facultative anaerobes, presenting the enhanced bioactivity by bacteria-mediated polymerization.
Correction: Visible-light-mediated photoredox minisci C–H alkylation with alkyl boronic acids using molecular oxygen as an oxidant
Authors: Dong Jianyang , Yue Fuyang , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin
Published: August 2022

Correction for ‘Visible-light-mediated photoredox minisci C–H alkylation with alkyl boronic acids using molecular oxygen as an oxidant’ by Jianyang Dong et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 12652–12655, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC05946C.
NaFeSi2O6 nanocrystals as a catalyst for heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of organic wastewater
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Zhang Hongwen , He Jingxuan , Li Na , Zhang Yipin , Sun Yaxin , Deng Xinyue , Zhao Mengjun , Ran Weiguang , Yuan Jie , Liu Ping , Yan Tingjiang
Published: August 2022

In this work, a novel, earth-abundant, and environmentally benign NaFeSi2O6 catalyst is synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method without the introduction of any surfactants.
Erbium ion implantation into LiNbO3, Al2O3, ZnO and diamond – measurement and modelling – an overview
Authors: Cajzl Jakub , Nekvindová Pavla , Macková Anna , Varga Marian , Kromka Alexander
Published: August 2022

The presented overview deals with an experimental and theoretical study of erbium ions incorporated in crystal materials of LiNbO3, Al2O3, ZnO and diamond for use in photonics and optoelectronics.
Significantly suppressed thermal transport by doping In and Al atoms in gallium nitride
Authors: Qi Chengdong , Yu Linfeng , Zhu Xiaolu , Li Shaoxun , Du Kun , Qin Zhenzhen , Qin Guangzhao , Xiong Zhihua
Published: August 2022

The mechanism of In/Al doping suppressing the thermal transport properties of GaN is explained in depth.
Doping atom improves photocatalytic performance in a new metal-free organic photocatalyst for water splitting
Authors: Li Hengshuai , Hu Xiaocheng , Fan Dong , Wang Zhihao , Hu Haiquan , Guo Feng , Feng Zhenbao , Li Jun , Yin Maoye , Li Zhi
Published: August 2022

Doping with atoms can improve photocatalytic performance.
Fluorination and hydrolytic stability of water-soluble platinum complexes with a borane-bridged diphosphoramidite ligand
Authors: Culpepper Johnathan D. , Lee Kyounghoon , Portis William , Swenson Dale C. , Daly Scott R.
Published: August 2022

Here we report the synthesis, characterization, and hydrolytic stability of water-soluble Pt(ii) complexes containing a triaminoborane-bridged diphosphoramidite ligand that can be fluorinated using simple fluoride salts.
Fluorene-decorated Ir(iii) complexes: synthesis, photophysics and tunable triplet excited state properties in aggregation
Authors: Zhu Senqiang , Pan Qianqian , Li Yuhao , Liu Wenqing , Liu Rui , Zhu Hongjun
Published: August 2022

Two new heteroleptic cationic Ir(iii) complexes bearing benzothiazole and pyridine motifs on fluorene groups were synthesized and characterized.
A binuclear Cu(ii) complex as an efficient photocatalyst for N-alkylation of aromatic amines
Authors: Ranjan Rishi , Chakraborty Argha , Kyarikwal Reena , Ganguly Rakesh , Mukhopadhyay Suman
Published: August 2022

Copper complex assisted photocatalyzed synthesis of N-alkylated amine.
Dominant role of OH− and Ti3+ defects on the electronic structure of TiO2 thin films for water splitting
Authors: Mendoza Diaz Maria Isabel , Balocchi Andrea , Oyekan Kolade , Tan Kui , Vandenberghe William G. , Esteve Alain , Rossi Carole
Published: August 2022

Electron traps are created by Ti3+ species associated to Ti interstitials and oxygen vacancies, whereas hole traps are associated to adsorbed OH−; thus, extending the charges lifetime contributing to the redox reactions for H2 production.
Identification of linear epitopes and their major role in the immunoglobulin E-binding capacity of tropomyosin from Alectryonella plicatula
Authors: Ji Nai-Ru , Han Xin-Yu , Yu Chen-Chen , He Xin-Rong , Rao Shi-Tao , Huan Fei , Liu Hong , Chen Gui-Xia , Cao Min-Jie , Liu Guang-Ming
Published: August 2022

The allergen TM was purified from Alectryonella plicatula; the sequence was cloned. Linear epitopes played a major role in IgE-binding capacity of ATM. Nine linear epitopes were verified. L-ATM-2 was the key epitope to bind with IgE; L-ATM-5 and L-ATM-7 were most conservative in shellfish.
Bio-based 1,4-butanediol and tetrahydrofuran synthesis: perspective
Authors: Zhu Yue , Yang Jiaming , Mei Feng , Li Xiaohong , Zhao Chen
Published: August 2022

Bio-based 1,4-butanediol and tetrahydrofuran synthesis.
Sustainable production of gluconic acid and glucuronic acid via microwave-assisted glucose oxidation over low-cost Cu-biochar catalysts
Authors: Zhang Qiaozhi , Xu Shuguang , Cao Yang , Ruan Roger , Clark James H. , Hu Changwei , Tsang Daniel C. W.
Published: August 2022

Gluconic acid and glucuronic acid are produced from biomass-derived glucose over low-cost biochar-supported Cu catalysts in a microwave-enhanced base-free system.
Formaldehyde emission from wood promoted by lignin in the presence of iron residues
Authors: Fu Yu , Zhu Yuan , Shi Sheldon Q. , Goodell Barry
Published: August 2022

A Lignin-Mediated Fenton (LMF) mechanism for low temperature generation of formaldehyde from wood is described where low levels of iron (ubiquitous in the environment) participate in oxygen radical generation which then initiates attack on lignin.
Enhancing the phase change material properties by an energy-efficient one-step preparation method using organogelator–polyolefin composites
Authors: Leven Felix , Limberg Johannes , Noll Jessica , Ulbricht Mathias , Ostermann Rainer
Published: August 2022

The synergistic combination of sorbitol-based organogelators with polyolefins allows a fast and easy preparation of porous support structures for immobilised phase change materials (PCM) in one step.
Capacity prediction of K-ion batteries: a machine learning based approach for high throughput screening of electrode materials
Authors: Manna Souvik , Roy Diptendu , Das Sandeep , Pathak Biswarup
Published: August 2022

Machine learning (ML) techniques have been utilized to predict specific capacity for K-ion battery based electrode materials.
Insights into first-principles characterization of the monoclinic VO2(B) polymorph via DFT + U calculation: electronic, magnetic and optical properties
Authors: Mohebbi Elaheh , Pavoni Eleonora , Mencarelli Davide , Stipa Pierluigi , Pierantoni Luca , Laudadio Emiliano
Published: August 2022

We have studied the structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of the VO2(B) polymorph using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT).
The spin–orbit effects on platinabenzene: a ring current and electron delocalization approach
Authors: Arias-Olivares David , Páez-Hernández Dayán
Published: August 2022

The aromaticity of platinabenzene was studied using the electronic structure and magnetic descriptors with relativistic corrections. It presents aromatic character following the Hückel's rule, negative NICS values, and diatropic current densities.
Recent advances on marine mollusk-derived natural products: chemistry, chemical ecology and therapeutical potential
Authors: Chen Zi-Hui , Guo Yue-Wei , Li Xu-Wen
Published: August 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances on the interesting secondary metabolites from marine mollusks, focusing on their structural features, possible chemo-ecological significance, and promising biological activities.
Novel electrospun chitosan/PEO membranes for more predictive nanoparticle transport studies at biological barriers
Authors: Furer Lea A. , Abad Ángela Díaz , Manser Pius , Hannig Yvette , Schuerle Simone , Fortunato Giuseppino , Buerki-Thurnherr Tina
Published: August 2022

Electrospun membranes exhibit higher permeability to nanoparticles than commercial track-etched membranes and improve the predictive value of in vitro models.
Biopolymer based artificial synapses enable linear conductance tuning and low-power for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Zhang Ke , Xue Qi , Zhou Chao , Mo Wanneng , Chen Chun-Chao , Li Ming , Hang Tao
Published: August 2022

The mitigating effects of synaptic nonlinearity and low power through AgNO3 doping was achieved in the biomaterial based artificial synapse.
Plasmonic nanoscale temperature shaping on a single titanium nitride nanostructure
Authors: Tamura Mamoru , Iida Takuya , Setoura Kenji
Published: August 2022

Site-selective plasmonic heating with the nanometer scale spatial resolution has been demonstrated. This method can overcome fundamental limitations on spatial temperature shaping due to the diffusive nature of heat transfer at the nanometer scale.
A self-powered wearable brain-machine-interface system for real-time monitoring and regulating body temperature
Authors: Xu Chengze , Xie Yan , Zhong Tianyan , Liang Shan , Guan Hongye , Long Zhihe , Cao Hanyu , Xing Lili , Xue Xinyu , Zhan Yang
Published: August 2022

A self-powered wearable brain-machine-interface system for real-time monitoring and regulating body temperature has been designed. This system can real-time monitor body temperature and transmit neural electrical stimulation signal into brain.
Recent progress of direct thiocyanation reactions
Authors: Chen Haixin , Shi Xiaotian , Liu Xiang , Zhao Limin
Published: August 2022

Thiocyanation can introduce SCN groups into parent molecules for constructing SCN-containing small organic molecules. In this review, we summarize the research progress of direct thiocyanation in recent years.
Amidosquaramides – a new anion binding motif with pH sensitive anion transport properties
Authors: Marchetti Luke A. , Krämer Tobias , Elmes Robert B. P.
Published: August 2022

We report a family of amidosquaramides with pKa values close to physiological pH. Intramolecular H-bonding affects anion binding leading to moderate Cl− transmembrane transport at physiological pH, but under acidic conditions anion transport is effectively ‘switched on’.
Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) as a reactive polymer for materials development
Authors: Kopka Bartosz , Kost Bartłomiej , Basko Malgorzata
Published: August 2022

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) has attracted growing interest as a reactive polymer that can be used as a starting material for the construction of more complex structures.
PROTACs bearing piperazine-containing linkers: what effect on their protonation state?
Authors: Desantis Jenny , Mammoli Andrea , Eleuteri Michela , Coletti Alice , Croci Federico , Macchiarulo Antonio , Goracci Laura
Published: August 2022

The pKa values of a dataset of PROTACs and PROTAC precursors have been analyzed in order to show how a fine modulation of piperazine-containing linkers can impact their protonation state.
Hydrocracking of crude palm oil to a biofuel using zirconium nitride and zirconium phosphide-modified bentonite
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Asri Wan Ryan , Zulaikha Indah Sari , Ayu Cik , Rachmat Addy , Riyanti Fahma , Hadiah Fitri , Zainul Rahadian , Maryana Roni
Published: August 2022

In this study, bentonite modified by zirconium nitride (ZrN) and zirconium phosphide (ZrP) catalysts was studied in the hydrocracking of crude palm oil to biofuels.
Effects of lipid bilayer encapsulation and lipid composition on the catalytic activity and colloidal stability of hydrophobic palladium nanoparticles in water
Authors: Ortega Dominick D. , Pavlakovich Nicholas , Shon Young-Seok
Published: August 2022

Hydrophobic micellization effect and dynamic lipid bilayer–substrate interactions enhance the catalytic activity of hydrophobic Pd nanoparticles embedded in liposomal assemblies.
A green synthesis and antibacterial activity of ferrocene-based thiazole derivatives in choline chloride/glycerol eutectic solvent
Authors: Zhao Di , Liu Yanying , Li Yang , Chen Yu
Published: August 2022

A green and effective Hantzsch thiazole synthesis of structurally intriguing ferrocene-based derivatives employing the eutectic mixture choline chloride/glycerol (1 : 2 molar ratio) as a sustainable solvent is described.
N-doped nonalternant aromatic belt via a six-fold annulative double N-arylation
Authors: Sato Hiroki , Suizu Rie , Kato Tomoki , Yagi Akiko , Segawa Yasutomo , Awaga Kunio , Itami Kenichiro
Published: August 2022

Nitrogen-doped nonalternant aromatic belt was synthesized via palladium-catalyzed six-fold annulative double N-arylation reaction. The highly symmetric structure and multistep oxidation behavior of the N-belt were confirmed.
Phototriggered color modulation of perovskite nanoparticles for high density optical data storage
Authors: Chen Jie , Xu Zelian , Zheng Jingcheng , Wu Haishan , Chi Yuwu
Published: August 2022

The perovskite nanocrystals-dichloromethane (PNCs-DCM) with tunable fluorescent color under UV light are a new kind of photoresponsive luminescent materials (PLMs), which are qualified to apply in optical data storage.
Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles for sustained release of rapamycin and reactive oxygen species scavenging to synergistically accelerate neurogenesis after spinal cord injury
Authors: Shi Haifei , Jin Lulu , Li Jinyi , Liang Kejiong , Li Xigong , Ye Ziqiang , Zhu Xinyue , Oliveira Joaquim Miguel , Reis Rui L. , Mao Zhengwei , Wu Mengjie
Published: August 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an intractable condition with complex pathological processes and poor prognosis.
Twist-stacked 2D bilayer Fe3GeTe2 with tunable magnetism
Authors: Chen Dong , Sun Wei , Wang Wenxuan , Li Xiaoning , Li Hang , Cheng Zhenxiang
Published: August 2022

The crystal structure of bulk Fe3GeTe2 (a); the side views of (b) the 0° and (c) the 180° twist-stacked Fe3GeTe2 bilayers, as well as the top views of (d) the 0° and (e) the 180° twist-stacked bilayers.
Rapid preparation of self-supported nickel–iron oxide as a high-performance glucose sensing platform
Authors: Ni Ming , Tan Minyuan , Pan Ying , Zhu Chuhong , Du Haiwei
Published: August 2022

Nickel–iron oxide electrocatalysts prepared via a rapid electrodeposition are promising candidates for non-enzymatic glucose sensors.
Exceptional Speech Recognition Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation: Lessons From Two Case Studies
Authors: Herbert Carolyn J. , Pisoni David B. , Kronenberger William G. , Nelson Rick F.
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Individual differences and variability in outcomes following cochlear implantation (CI) in patients with hearing loss remain significant unresolved clinical problems. Case reports of specific individuals allow for detailed examination of the information processing mechanisms underlying variability in outcomes. Two adults who displayed exceptionally good postoperative CI outcomes shortly after activation were administered a novel battery of auditory, speech recognition, and neurocognitive processing tests.

Method:

A case study of two adult CI recipients with postlingually acquired hearing loss who displayed excellent postoperative speech recognition scores within 3 months of initial activation. Preoperative City University of New York sentence testing and a postoperative battery of sensitive speech recognition tests were combined with auditory and visual neurocognitive information processing tests to uncover their strengths, weaknesses, and milestones.

Results:

Preactivation CUNY auditory-only (A) scores were < 5% correct while the auditory + visual (A + V) scores were > 74%. Acoustically with their CIs, both participants' scores on speech recognition, environmental sound identification and speech in noise tests exceeded average CI users scores by 1–2 standard deviations. On nonacoustic visual measures of language and neurocognitive functioning, both participants achieved above average scores compared with normal hearing adults in vocabulary knowledge, rapid phonological coding of visually presented words and nonwords, verbal working memory, and executive functioning.

Conclusions:

Measures of multisensory (A + V) speech recognition and visual neurocognitive functioning were associated with excellent speech recognition outcomes in two postlingual adult CI recipients. These neurocognitive information processing domains may underlie the exceptional speech recognition performance of these two patients and offer new directions for research explaining variability in postimplant outcomes. Results further suggest that current clinical outcome measures should be expanded beyond the conventional speech recognition measures to include more sensitive robust tests of speech recognition as well as neurocognitive measures of working memory, vocabulary, lexical access, and executive functioning.
Impact of fuel price increasing policies on fuel smuggling and acceptance of green cars: A case study of Iran
Authors: Shaterabadi Mohammad , Jirdehi Mehdi Ahmadi , Amiri Nima
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates a study on the efforts made by Iranian government to carry out the Kyoto protocol obligations (reducing pollution by about 54% by 2030). However, the devaluation of the national currency because of sanctions, prohibition of transactions, and a decrease in oil revenues and derivatives has caused problems in achieving this goal. Hence, on 15 November, 2019, Iranian Government decided to increase the fuel price by about 300% to simultaneously reduce environmental pollution and fuel smuggling. The final results show that smuggling is decreased by about 15%. Also, quotas and increased fuel prices caused daily fuel consumption to decrease significantly from 94 to 74 million litres per day. Despite the reduction in fuel consumption, little change is taking place as most pollution is due to diesel and worn‐out vehicles. The increase in fuel prices increases the producer and consumer price index by 1.54% and 2.62%, respectively. Inflation in consumer prices also reaches 15.92%. However, the currency exchange rate and its impact on import products can shift this to 102.15%. Also, because of the shortage of people's income, domestic automakers’ weaknesses, high tax cost of imported cars, and sanctions, most people prefer compressed natural gas (CNG) and public transportation.
Inferring the HII region escape fraction of ionizing photons from infrared emission lines in metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies
Authors: Ramambason L. , Lebouteiller V. , Bik A. , Richardson C. T. , Galliano F. , Schaerer D. , Morisset C. , Polles F. L. , Madden S. C. , Chevance M. , De Looze I.
Published: August 2022

Local metal-poor galaxies stand as ideal laboratories for probing the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in chemically unevolved conditions. Detailed studies of this primitive ISM can help gain insights into the physics of the first primordial galaxies that may be responsible for the reionization. Quantifying the ISM porosity to ionizing photons in nearby galaxies may improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to Lyman continuum photon leakage from galaxies. The wealth of infrared (IR) tracers available in local galaxies and arising from different ISM phases allows us to constrain complex models in order to estimate physical quantities.
Circumnuclear dense gas disk fuelling the active galactic nucleus in the nearby radio galaxy NGC 4261
Authors: Sawada-Satoh Satoko , Kameno Seiji , Trippe Sascha
Published: August 2022

The cold molecular gas in the circumnuclear disk (CND) of radio galaxies provides critical information for understanding the mass accretion onto active galactic nuclei. We present the first detection and maps of HCNJ= 1–0 and HCO+J= 1–0 emission lines from the circumnuclear region of a nearby radio galaxy, NGC 4261, using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array. Both molecular lines are detected at a radial velocity of ±700 km s−1relative to the systemic velocity of the galaxy, and they arise from a CND with an outer radius of 100 pc. The velocity fields of HCN and HCO+are fitted with a Keplerian disk rotation. The enclosed mass is (1.6 ± 0.1) × 109 M⊙, assuming a disk inclination angle of 64°. The continuum image at 80 GHz reveals a weak two-sided jet structure extending over 5 kpc along the east–west direction and a bright core at the centre. The continuum spectrum between 80 and 230 GHz shows a spectral index of −0.34 ± 0.02, which suggests optically thin synchrotron radiation. The dense gas mass associated with the CND is calculated to be 6.03 × 107 M⊙. It supports a positive correlation between the dense gas mass in the CND and the accretion rate onto the supermassive black hole, though there are uncertainties in the parameters of the correlation.
Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,
Authors: Jacobs Collin
Published: August 2022

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

ich freue mich, Ihnen die zweite Ausgabe der IOK dieses Jahres präsentieren
zu dürfen. Als Thema für diese Ausgabe habe ich die
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) gewählt. Seit vielen Jahren
beschäftigt sich die Kinder- und Jugendzahnheilkunde mit diesem Gebiet.
Dieses Krankheitsbild hat mittlerweile eine sehr hohe klinische Relevanz erreicht
und scheint in Ihrer Prävalenz das Auftreten von Karies überholt zu
haben. Die vorliegenden Beiträge geben einen Einblick in die heutige
Klassifikation (2016) der MIH, das klinische Erscheinungsbild, die Diagnostik und
die möglichen Therapiemethoden.
Der Stellenwert von synthetischen Netzen und biologischen Matrices in
der Implantat-basierten Brustrekonstruktion
Authors: Weinzierl Andrea , Schmauss Daniel , Harder Yves
Published: August 2022

Die Implantat-basierte Brustrekonstruktion (IBBR) entwickelt sich stetig weiter
und hat insbesondere durch den steigenden Einsatz synthetischer Netze und
biologischer Matrices in den letzten Jahren neue Impulse bekommen. Der Einsatz
solcher Netze und Matrices in der subpektoralen und präpektoralen IBBR
hat durch eine verbesserte Platzierung und Weichteildeckung der verwendeten
Implantate zu niedrigeren Komplikationsraten und guten ästhetischen
Ergebnissen geführt. Inzwischen hat eine große Zahl
verschiedener biologischer Matrices und synthetischer Netze Eingang in die
klinische Nutzung gefunden, die sich in Material, Prozessierung,
Größe und Kosten unterscheiden. Ziel dieser
Übersichtsarbeit ist es, diese Netze in den Kontext der rekonstruktiven
Brustchirurgie einzuordnen und einen Überblick über die Vor- und
Nachteile bei deren Einsatz zu geben.
Höher-intensive Bewegung im Alltag und ihr Potenzial
für die Bewegungsförderung
Authors: Wallmann-Sperlich Birgit
Published: August 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag betrachtet die Bedeutung von höher-intensiver
Bewegung aus der Bewegungsförderungsperspektive. Da die
Förderung von Alltagsaktivität im Gegensatz zu
geplant-strukturierten und intensiven Trainingsprogrammen als niederschwellig
angesehen wird, soll in diesem Übersichtsartikel erläutert
werden, welches Potenzial Alltagsaktivität für
höher-intensive Bewegung hat. Hierzu wird narrativ eruiert, welche
unterschiedlichen Facetten Alltagsaktivität beinhaltet, inwiefern
Alltagsaktivität höher- oder hoch intensiv sein kann und wie
(intensive) Alltagsaktivität in der Bewegungsförderung
stärker akzentuiert werden kann. Dabei wird ein besonderes Augenmerk auf
aktuelle Bewegungsförderungsansätze der
„Bewegungs-Snacks“ geworfen.
Besondere geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede von HIIT im
Gesundheitssport auf Herzkreislaufparameter und
Körperzusammensetzung
Authors: Zinner Christoph
Published: August 2022

HIIT ist seit vielen Jahren eine beliebte Trainingsform, um die
körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit sowie die
Körperzusammensetzung zu verbessern. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, einen
Überblick über die Unterschiede in den Anpassungen an HIIT
zwischen Männern und Frauen in Bezug auf Herzkreislaufparameter und die
Körperzusammensetzung zu geben. So zeigt sich, dass die maximale
Sauerstoffaufnahme (VO2peak) bei Frauen durch HIIT ebenso effektiv
gesteigert werden kann, wie in vielen Studien mit Männern bereits
dargestellt wurde. Interessanterweise deuten aber einige Ergebnisse darauf hin,
dass die zugrundliegenden Mechanismen der Steigerung der VO2peak
zwischen Männern und Frauen unterschiedlich sein könnten.
Weiterhin führt HIIT zu einer Abnahme des Körpergewichts und der
Fettmasse in erster Linie bei jungen Frauen vor der Menopause. Obwohl bei
manchen Anpassungsmechanismen an HIIT geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede
bestehen, führt HIIT auch bei Frauen zu nahezu den gleichen positiven
Effekten, wie sie für Männer in einer Vielzahl von Studien
bereits nachgewiesen werden konnten. Zukünftige Studien sollten daher
rein weibliche Kohorten untersuchen, um hier die Wissenslücke weiter zu
schließen.
Hochintensives (Kraft-)Training (HIT-KT) und
Osteoporose
Authors: Kemmler Wolfgang , Stengel Simon von
Published: August 2022

Konsequent supervisiertes, kompetent angeleitetes und behutsam aufgebautes HIT-KT
mit modernen Kraftgeräten kann als sichere, attraktive, zeitsparende und
effektive Trainingsmethode zur Verbesserung der Knochendichte in einem Kollektiv
selbstständig lebender älterer Männer mit
Osteosarkopenie angesehen werden.
LncRNA MAGI2-AS3 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression by Targeting
the miR-142-3p
Authors: Hu Renbao , Wu Pei , Liu Jianhui
Published: August 2022

Prostate cancer is a common male cancer with high morbidity and mortality
worldwide. According to current research, the integration of long non-coding RNA
(lncRNAs) and microRNA(miRNAs) can be expressed in a variety of cancers and play
an important role in diagnosis. Based on this, this study explored the clinical
role of lncRNA MAGI2-AS3 (MAGI2-AS3) in prostate cancer. By detecting the
expression levels of MAGI2-AS3 and miR-142-3p, the correlation between the
MAGI2-AS3 expression and the characteristics of clinical data was analyzed. ROC
curve analysis was performed and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to
evaluate the diagnostic value of MAGI2-AS3 in distinguishing prostate cancer
patients from healthy controls. The function of MAGI2-AS3 in prostate cancer
cells was explored through CCK-8 and Transwell assays, and the relationship
between MAGI2-AS3 and miR-142-3p was investigated by luciferase activity assay.
MAGI2-AS3 has descended expression while miR-142-3p has an ascendant one in
prostate cancer serum samples and cells. ROC curve analysis revealed that the
AUC was 0.953 for MAGI2-AS3, with a sensitivity of 91.5% and specificity
of 84.7%. Overexpression of MAGI2-AS3 in LNCaP and PC3 cells suppressed
the biological function of the cell including proliferation capacity, migration
level, and invasion. MAGI2-AS3 was considered a diagnostic biomarker for
prostate cancer patients and inhibited prostate cancer progression by targeting
miR-142-3p.
Comparison of Different Concentrations of Ropivacaine Used for Ultrasound-Guided Adductor Canal Block + IPACK Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Hu Jian , Ma Ting , Zhao Dongmei , Yang Jing , Kang Pengde
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of different concentrations of ropivacaine used for the combination of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block (ACB) and infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) block in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Before general anesthesia, 90 patients undergoing TKA were randomized to receive ACB + IPACK block with ropivacaine 0.2, 0.25, or 0.3% (defined as group A, B, and C, respectively). Primary outcome was the reported visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at rest 30 minutes following arrival to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Secondary outcomes were postoperative VAS pain scores, postoperative morphine consumption, the time to first rescue analgesia, functional recovery of knee (including the range of motion and quadriceps strength), and postoperative complications. Compared with group A, group B and group C had significantly lower VAS scores 30 minutes following arrival to the PACU (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). These two groups also had significantly lower VAS pain scores at postoperative 2 hours (at rest: p = 0.037 and 0.002; during motion: p = 0.035 and 0.001, respectively) and 6 hour (at rest: p = 0.033 and 0.002; during motion: p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), lower postoperative morphine consumption (p = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively), longer time to first rescue analgesia (p = 0.010 and 0.009, respectively), and better range of knee motion on the day of surgery (p = 0.008 and 0.002, respectively). Group B and group C showed no significant differences in these outcomes between each other (p > 0.05). The three groups did not show a significant difference in postoperative quadriceps strength and complication rates (p > 0.05). Compared with ropivacaine 0.2%, ropivacaine 0.25 and 0.3% can provide early pain relief in the first 6 hours after surgery. Ropivacaine 0.25 and 0.3% may provide more clinical benefits for patients undergoing outpatient TKA.
Size Comparison of the Cadaveric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Midsubstance Cross-Sectional Area and the Cross-Sectional Area of Semitendinosus Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Autografts in Surgery
Authors: Yahagi Yoshiyuki , Iriuchishima Takanori , Iwama Genki , Suruga Makoto , Horaguchi Takashi , Aizawa Shin , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the cadaveric midsubstance cross-sectional anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) area and the cross-sectional semitendinosus (ST) double-bundle ACL autograft area in surgery. Thirty-nine nonpaired formalin-fixed cadaveric knees and 39 subjects undergoing ST double-bundle ACL reconstruction were included in this study. After soft tissue resection, cadaveric knees were flexed at 90 degrees, and the tangential line of the femoral posterior condyles was marked and sliced on the ACL midsubstance. The cross-sectional ACL area was measured using Image J software. In the patients undergoing ACL surgery, the harvested ST was cut and divided into anteromedial (AM) bundle and posterolateral (PL) bundle. Each graft edge diameter was measured by a sizing tube, and the cross-sectional graft area was calculated: (AM diameter/2)2 × 3.14 + (PL diameter/2)2 × 3.14. Statistical analysis was performed for the comparison of the cross-sectional area between the cadaveric ACL midsubstance and the ST double-bundle ACL autografts. The cadaveric midsubstance cross-sectional ACL area was 49.0 ± 16.3 mm2. The cross-sectional ST double-bundle autografts area was 52.8 ± 7.6 mm2. The ST double-bundle autograft area showed no significant difference when compared with the midsubstance cross-sectional ACL area. ST double-bundle autografts were shown to be capable of reproducing the midsubstance cross-sectional ACL area.
Crossing with the circle in Dijkgraaf–Witten theory and applications to topological phases of matter
Authors: Bullivant Alex , Delcamp Clement
Published: August 2022

Given a fully extended topological quantum field theory, the “crossing with the circle” conditions establish that the dimension, or categorification thereof, of the quantum invariant assigned to a closed k-manifold Σ is equivalent to that assigned to the (k + 1)-manifold Σ×S1. We compute in this paper these conditions for the 4-3-2-1 Dijkgraaf–Witten theory. In the context of the lattice Hamiltonian realization of the theory, the quantum invariants assigned to the circle and the torus encode the defect open string-like and bulk loop-like excitations, respectively. The corresponding “crossing with the circle” condition, thus, formalizes the process by which loop-like excitations are formed out of string-like ones. Exploiting this result, we revisit the statement that loop-like excitations define representations of the linear necklace group as well as the loop braid group.
Morphological evolution during liquid-liquid phase separation governed by composition change pathways
Authors: Tian Ben , Zhang Bing , Deng Junkai , Wang Dong , Gong Houjun , Li Yang , Guo Kerong , Yang Sen , Ke Xiaoqin
Published: August 2022

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) phenomenon are widely recognized to be of vital importance for physics, materials science, and biology. It is highly desired to develop powerful tools to study the LLPS behavior and related physical mechanisms. For this purpose, a phase-field method was developed here which combines the Cahn-Hilliard diffusion equation and the Navier-Stokes equation. The morphological evolution of LLPS behavior with the change in composition was comprehensively investigated under a prototypical ternary theoretical phase diagram. The phase-field simulation results indicated that the microstructural evolution was controlled by the phase diagram and driven by the coupling of diffusion and gravity effect. Moreover, the intermediate morphological microstructures and corresponding interfacial properties during LLPS could be tuned by selecting different composition change pathways. Furthermore, gravity-dependent density overturning and consequent Rayleigh-Taylor instability were observed in a unique LLPS process, demonstrating that the proposed model can capture the critical features of LLPS phenomenon.
Harnessing rainbow trapping via hybrid electromechanical metastructures for enhanced energy harvesting and vibration attenuation
Authors: Santini Jonatha , Sugino Christopher , Riva Emanuele , Erturk Alper
Published: August 2022

Rainbow trapping is a phenomenon that enables vibration confinement due to the gradual variation of the wave velocity in space, which is typically achieved by means of locally resonant unit cells. In the context of electromechanical metastructures for energy harvesting, this strategy is employed to improve mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion and thereby to maximize the harvested power. In contrast to structures endowed with either mechanical or electromechanical resonators, we investigate a hybrid configuration that leverages the synergistic interplay between them. We compare numerical results for different grading laws in comparison to prior efforts on the topic, demonstrating enhanced energy harvesting and wideband vibration attenuation capabilities of the hybrid metastructure. We also discuss the formation of grading-induced localized modes and we shed light on the role of the motion of individual resonators on the overall power output increase.
Opportunities for nitrogen-vacancy-assisted magnetometry to study magnetism in 2D van der Waals magnets
Authors: Laraoui Abdelghani , Ambal Kapildeb
Published: August 2022

Exploring and understanding magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials present a promising route for developing high-speed and low-power spintronics devices. Studying their magnetic properties at the nanoscale is challenging due to their low magnetic moment compared to bulk materials and the requirements of highly sensitive magnetic microscopy tools that work over a wide range of experimental conditions (e.g., temperature, magnetic field, and sample geometry). This Perspective reviews the applications of nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) based magnetometry to study magnetism in 2D vdW magnets. The topics discussed include the basics, advantages, challenges, and the usage of NV magnetometry.
A programmable magnetoelastic sensor array for self-powered human–machine interface
Authors: Xu Jing , Tat Trinny , Zhao Xun , Zhou Yihao , Ngo Diantha , Xiao Xiao , Chen Jun
Published: August 2022

Skin-integrated electronics that directly interact with machines are transforming our ways of life toward the emerging trend of the metaverse. Consequently, developing a wearable and skin-conformal interface that simultaneously features waterproofness, low cost, and low power consumption for human–machine interaction remains highly desired. Herein, a stretchable, inexpensive, and waterproof magnetoelastic sensor array has been developed as a secondary skin for self-powered human–machine interaction. The magnetoelastic sensor array utilizes the giant magnetoelastic effect in a soft system, which converts mechanical pressure to magnetic field variation and, when coupled with the magnetic induction, can generate electricity. In such a way, our magnetoelastic sensor array comprises the giant magnetomechanical coupling layer made up of nanomagnets and a porous silicone rubber matrix, and the magnetic induction layer, which are coils patterned by liquid metal. With programmable functionalities, the soft magnetoelastic sensor array can supply different commands by producing bespoke electric signals from human finger touch with an optimal signal-to-noise ratio of 34 dB and a rapid response time of 0.2s. To pursue a practical application, the soft magnetoelastic sensor array can wirelessly turn on and off a household lamp and control a music speaker via Bluetooth continuously in real time, even with contact with high-humidity environments such as heavy perspiration. With a collection of compelling features, the soft magnetoelastic sensor array puts forth a unique and savvy avenue of self-powered bioelectronic technology that practically enables a wider variety of applications for wearable human–machine interaction.
High streamwise airfoil oscillations at constant low and high incidence angles
Authors: Elfering Kelsey , Narsipur Shreyas , Granlund Kenneth
Published: August 2022

Ratios of streamwise airfoil oscillations to the freestream velocity above 30% have not been well investigated in the literature for a reduced frequency range relevant to unsteady applications. A known departure from the experimental correlation to analytical theory for lower magnitudes of this ratio, known as surge amplitude, motivates a parameter study for constant freestream, at constant low- and high-incidence angles, to understand the circulatory lift dependence on angle of attack, Reynolds number, surge amplitude, and reduced frequency in comparison with theory and higher-order computations. To better understand the increased deviation between theory and experiment with increasing velocity fluctuation, a detailed study of surge amplitude of 0.5 is investigated. The experiment for comparison was a free-surface water tunnel with a NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 0018 airfoil oscillated in the streamwise direction. Force measurements, normalized by instantaneous dynamic pressure, reveal that unsteady lift is dependent on Reynolds number and reduced frequency in both attached and fully separated conditions. In separated conditions, mean and fluctuating lift show a dependency on reduced frequency for larger velocity fluctuations than a relative surge amplitude of 10%. Two-dimensional computations were found to agree well with experimental data for Reynolds number 75 k, low incidence cases, and for high incidence with reduced frequencies less than 0.15, where a fully separated upper surface boundary layer condition occurred. Agreement between computations and experiments was not favorable for reduced frequencies above 0.15 for high incidence cases, where partial upper surface boundary layer reattachment is predicted.
The role of momentum conservation on the tunneling between a two-dimensional electron gas and self-assembled quantum dots
Authors: Zhou Daming , Kerski Jens , Beckel Andreas , Geller Martin , Lorke Axel , Ludwig Arne , Wieck Andreas D. , Chen Xiaoshuang , Lu Wei
Published: August 2022

The electron tunneling rates between a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and self-assembled InAs quantum dots are studied by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the tunneling direction. For both the ground and the first excited states, the tunneling rate can be modified by a magnetic field. The field dependence of both the s and p state tunneling rates can be explained with a model, based on momentum matching between the Fermi surface of the 2DEG and the wave function of the quantum dots in momentum space. The results, together with the comparison between charging and discharging rates, provide insight into the filling sequence of the p-state electrons.
Predictive capability of the logarithmic law for roughness-modeled large-eddy simulation of turbulent channel flows with rough walls
Authors: Li Shilong , Yang Xiaolei , Lv Yu
Published: August 2022

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) resolving roughness elements are computationally expensive. LES employing the logarithmic law as the wall model, without the need to resolve the flow at the roughness element scale, provides an efficient alternative for simulating turbulent flows over rough walls. In this work, we evaluate the predictive capability of the roughness-modeled LES by comparing its predictions with those from the roughness-resolved DNS for turbulent channel flows with rough walls. A good agreement is observed for the mean streamwise velocity. The Reynolds stresses predicted by the roughness-modeled LES also reasonably agree with the roughness-resolved predictions. Differences, on the other hand, are observed for the dispersive Reynolds stresses, integral scales, and space-time correlations. The roughness-modeled LES fails to predict the dispersive stresses as one can expect. In the outer layer, the integral length scale predicted by the roughness-modeled LES is lower than the roughness-resolved prediction, which cannot be improved by refining the grid. As for the space-time correlations, discrepancies are shown for the streamwise velocity fluctuations, with a faster decay of the correlation in the outer layer observed in the roughness-modeled predictions. Examination of the space-time correlation using the elliptic approximation model shows that the roughness-modeled LES underpredicts the convection velocity in the near wall region while overpredicting the sweeping velocity in the outer layer with no improvements observed when refining the grid.
Optimization of gold germanium (Au0.17Ge0.83) thin films for high sensitivity resistance thermometry
Authors: Scott Ethan A. , Smyth Christopher M. , Singh Manish K. , Lu Tzu-Ming , Sharma Peter , Pete Douglas , Watt John , Thomas Harris C.
Published: August 2022

Gold–germanium (AuxGe1−x) solid solutions have been demonstrated as highly sensitive thin film thermometers for cryogenic applications. However, little is known regarding the performance of the films for thicknesses less than 100 nm. In response, we report on the resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) for sputtered films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 100 nm and annealed at temperatures from 22 to 200 °C. The analysis is focused upon composition x=0.17, which demonstrates a strong temperature sensitivity over a broad range. The thinnest films are found to provide an enhancement in TCR, which approaches 20% K−1 at 10 K. Furthermore, reduced anneal temperatures are required to crystallize the Ge matrix and achieve a maximum TCR for films of reduced thickness. These features favor the application of ultra-thin films as high-sensitivity, on-device thermometers in micro- and nanolectromechanical systems.
Kinetics features of 2D confined Ge2Sb2Te5 ultrathin film
Authors: Chen Yimin , Han Nan , Kong Fanshuo , Wang Jun-Qiang , Gu Chenjie , Gao Yixiao , Wang Guoxiang , Shen Xiang
Published: August 2022

Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) films of 7 nm thickness in the multilayer structure of [GST 7 nm/W 6 nm]20 have been fabricated, and their crystallization kinetics is studied via ultrafast differential scanning calorimetry and a generalized Mauro–Yue–Ellison–Gupta–Allan viscosity model. A distinct fragile-to-strong crossover (FSC) transition behavior, which is beneficial to balance the contradiction between good thermal stability nearby glass transition temperature Tg and fast crystal crystallization speed around melting temperature, is found in this 2D confined GST ultrathin film with the FSC transition temperature of 1.25 Tg. The above analyses are helpful to understand the kinetics features of an ultrathin GST material in a low-dimensional phase-change device for neuro-inspired in-memory computing.
Modeling stepped Pt/water interfaces at potential of zero charge with ab initio molecular dynamics
Authors: Chen Ao , Le Jia-Bo , Kuang Yongbo , Cheng Jun
Published: August 2022

It is worth understanding the potentials of zero charge (PZCs) and structures of stepped metal/water interfaces, because for many electrocatalytic reactions, stepped surfaces are more active than atomically flat surfaces. Herein, a series of stepped Pt/water interfaces are modeled at different step densities with ab initio molecular dynamics. It is found that the structures of Pt/water interfaces are significantly influenced by the step density, particularly in regard to the distribution of chemisorbed water. The step sites of metal surfaces are more preferred for water chemisorption than terrace sites, and until the step density is very low, water will chemisorb on the terrace. In addition, it is revealed that the PZCs of stepped Pt/water interfaces are generally smaller than that of Pt(111), and the difference is mainly attributed to the difference in their work function, providing a simple way to estimate the PZCs of stepped metal surfaces. Finally, it is interesting to see that the Volta potential difference is almost the same for Pt/water interfaces with different step densities, although their interface structures and magnitude of charge transfer clearly differ.
Active nonreciprocal metamaterial using a spatiotemporal modulation control strategy
Authors: Zhou Han , Baz Amr
Published: August 2022

A class of active nonreciprocal metamaterial (ANMM) is presented which consists of an acoustic duct with periodically placed active diaphragms that are controlled by a spatiotemporal modulation strategy. The acoustic nonreciprocities can be realized by modulating a system's properties spatiotemporally. Such an approach has been extensively employed by many investigators to break the reciprocity in acoustic and elastic metamaterials. However, our proposed ANMM distinguishes itself from the above-mentioned methods by introducing actively tunable space-time modulated feedback gain of the controllers. The controller is implemented in an analog manner to enable fast response at high modulation frequencies. By discretizing a 1D acoustic duct into multiple acoustic unit cavities, we introduced a time-varying gain with a phase difference between adjacent acoustic cavities. Directional band gaps of the modulated system are numerically analyzed as the asymmetric acoustic wave propagation can be realized by converting the acoustical energy from the fundamental mode to higher order modes. In addition, nonreciprocal behavior of the proposed ANMM was experimentally demonstrated using a waveguide with periodically placed condenser microphones (sensors) and speakers (actuators).