bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continued Excellent Outcomes in Previously Untreated Patients With Follicular Lymphoma After Treatment With CHOP Plus Rituximab or CHOP Plus 131I-Tositumomab: Long-Term Follow-Up of Phase III Randomized Study SWOG-S0016
Authors: Shadman Mazyar , Li Hongli , Rimsza Lisa , Leonard John P. , Kaminski Mark S. , Braziel Rita M. , Spier Catherine M. , Gopal Ajay K. , Maloney David G. , Cheson Bruce D. , Dakhil Shaker , LeBlanc Michael , Smith Sonali M. , Fisher Richard I. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Press Oliver W.
Published: January 2018

Purpose

SWOG S0016 was a phase III randomized study that compared the safety and efficacy of R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) with CHOP-RIT (CHOP followed by consolidation with iodine-133–tositumomab radioimmunotherapy) for previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma. Understanding the long-term outcome of patients provides a benchmark for novel treatment regimens for FL.

Patients and Methods

Between 2001 and 2008, 531 previously untreated patients with FL were randomly assigned to receive either six cycles of R-CHOP or six cycles of CHOP-RIT. Patients with advanced-stage disease (bulky stage II, III, or IV) of any pathologic grade (1, 2, or 3) were eligible.

Results

After a median follow-up of 10.3 years, 10-year estimates of progression-free and overall survival were 49% and 78% among all patients, respectively. Patients in the CHOP-RIT arm had significantly better 10-year progression-free survival compared with patients in the R-CHOP arm (56% v 42%; P = .01), but 10-year overall survival was not different between the two arms (75% v 81%; P = .13). There was no significant difference between the CHOP-RIT and R-CHOP arms in regard to incidence of second malignancies (15.1% v 16.1%; P = .81) or myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia (4.9% v 1.8%; P = .058). The estimated 10-year cumulative incidences of death resulting from second malignancies were not different (7.1% v 3.2%; P = .16), but cumulative incidence of death resulting from myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia was higher in the CHOP-RIT arm compared with the R-CHOP arm (4% v 0.9%; P = .02).

Conclusion

Given these outstanding outcomes, immunochemotherapy should remain the standard induction approach for patients with high-risk FL until long-term follow-up of alternative approaches demonstrates superiority.
Commemoration of Jack Fowler’s life, work, impact and legacy
Authors: Hendry Jolyon H
Published: January 2018

Jack Fowler [formally Professor John Francis Fowler PhD, DSc, MD (Hon), FInstP, FRCR, FBIR, FAAPM, FASTRO, FACRO] was a remarkable scientist, known to many in the field of clinical radiation biology as at the forefront of applying linear-quadratic dose-fractionation-time modelling to help improve a wide range of cancer treatments using radiotherapy. His death on 1st December 2016 after a long career of 60 years was marked by Obituaries in six scientific journals in his field e.g.  1–4 Jack is remembered for his quantification of biologically effective dose in a wide variety of radiotherapy practices and modified protocols (supported by experimental-system studies), his extensive publications, his didactic lecturing and teaching abilities, and his warm personality.
The Instrumental Skills of Intercultural Communication: Linguistics Dialogue
Authors: Черкашина Татьяна , Cherkashina Tatiana
Published: January 2018

The idea of dialogue in education is considered in the context of the multicultural format of its functioning; the dialogue is characterized as a form of subject-subject interaction; the dialogue of consciousnesses interpreted as “dialogue of cultures”; it is stressed that high school in its quest to form the students‘ culture dialog-style interface is in the beginning. The article presents the system in stages work to create an effective author’s text in relation to intercultural dialogue.
Characteristics of Russian and Spanish National Language World Pictures in the Context of Modern Globalization Processes
Authors: Агрба Амина , Agrba Amina
Published: January 2018

The article compares Russian and Spanish language world pictures in order to understand the deep national origins transmitted through the national culture and language, forming a worldview and influencing communication process with representatives of other nations and ethnoses. National language pictures of the world are a set of ideas about the world, the worldview basis of any nation, since language expresses not only reality, but also cultural archetypes that concentrate the mentality of the nation, which affects virtually all aspects of society and individual life. An attempt has been made to analyze the national language world pictures of Spain and Russia through the study of linguistic and cultural differences and similarities in order to comprehend existing cultural boundaries that are treated more broadly than purely linguistic ones. Intercultural and linguocultural features that emphasize the characteristics of the Spanish and Russian language world pictures are also analyzed, in consequence of which it was revealed that in addition to notable differences in the level of the lexico-grammatical and semantic structures of the language, a certain similarity can be traced between the Spanish and Russian linguocultures, mainly at the level of the most significant value bases. All this allows, first, to substantiate the high probability of forming a common field of argumentation, which constructs the prospect of a positive dialogue between these cultures; second, to suggest the possibility of optimizing the process of intercultural interaction through the strengthening of mutual understanding; thirdly, to show the real significance of linguocultural research from an applied point of view. As a result of the analysis, we came to the conclusion that the continuing cultural and linguistic diversity allows us to maintain the historical balance in the world, which is the basis for the development of mankind, the core of the vitality and identity of peoples and ethnic groups, and the understanding of the originality of national world pictures may in the future become an indispensable condition for preservation of the civilized world and a pledge of sustainable, harmonious development.
Some Trends of Modern Methodology in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language
Authors: Дейкина Алевтина , Deykina Alevtina , Янченко В. , Yanchenko V.
Published: January 2018

The article reviews some modern trends in teaching Russian as a foreign language. Methodology is presented as an intensively developing science. Its priorities are closely linked with the Russian language and its role in intercultural field. While considering modern methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, several issues can be raised. First, to preserve scientific accuracy as implementation of principle of academic study of the subject. Second, to stick to systematic approach in presenting Russian language system. Third, to promote interest and respect to Russian culture and the Russian language. There is a wide range of concepts taken into account that make up the theoretical basis of modern researches. These are systematic, communicative, cognitive and some others. There is a significant tendency to draw attention to formation of complex of communicative and culture-based concepts. Issues addressing the developing of speech skills (oral speech researched into in later works) are considered through interdisciplinary links and branches of other fields such as philosophy, culturology, psyhology, psyholinguistics and sociology. Issues of development and implementation of information and communication technology, of multimedia teaching tools, improvement of testing system as well as the system of evaluating of personal achievements are up-to-date. Profound interest in working out nationally-oriented methods can be seen. The importance of taking into account native language peculiarities is emphasized. Comparison between the Russian culture and the culture of other nations is done. The importance of integral learning of Russian as a foreign language is noted.
Models of legal adoption: comparative characteristics of the legislation of the Russian Federation and the United States
Authors: Татаринцева Елена , Tatarintseva Elena
Published: January 2018

Adoption is a complex social and legal institution designed to best meet the interests of children who have lost parental care, in family education. Violation of the principle of subsidiarity of international adoption at the adoption of Russian children by U.S. citizens has led to multiple negative consequences, expressed in the loss of the Russian Federation the national resources of the country. A rethinking of this process was the adoption of the Federal law dated 28.12.2012 № 272-FZ, known as the "Dima Yakovlev Law" banning the adoption of children - Russian citizens - American citizens. In this monograph the author for the first time on the basis of primary sources, carried out comprehensive comparative legal analysis of current legislation of the Russian Federation and the United States of America in the field of adoption. It is concluded that the differences in the legal effects of adoption due to contradictions of the traditional Russian model of legal adoption and similar American functional model and the ways of their legislative improvement.
The monograph contains law enforcement materials for the work of bodies of trusteeship and guardianship authorities and courts of the Russian Federation.
The author's work is designed not only for specialists but also for a wide range of readers.
Application of polymer composite materials in mechanical engineering
Authors: Баурова Наталья , Baurova Natalya , Зорин Владимир , Zorin Vladimir
Published: January 2018

The tutorial discusses the practical use of polymeric composite materials (PCM) in mechanical engineering for manufacturing and repairing transport, construction machines and building structures. Explains how to create a PCM with the desired properties. Described in detail the technological methods of production of machine parts made of polymer composites based on different types of binder containing dispersed and fibrous fillers. Tutorial different practical orientation and will help professionals to choose the optimal technological solution in the manufacture of machine parts of different types of PKM.
Designed for a wide range of specialists and can be used by postgraduates and students of higher educational institutions by directions of training 15.03.01 mechanical engineering; 15.03.02 "Technological machines and equipment" 23.05.01 "Land transport and technological means"; 23.05.02 "vehicles of a special purpose".
Motivating your teachers
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: January 2018

Our five-part series on the links between leadership approaches and staff retention and recruitment continues. In part three, Matt Bromley considers how leaders can influence and drive positive teacher motivation
Nutrient and Oceanography Requirement for G.Edulis and U.Lactuca in Setiu wetland
Authors: Olanrewaju Sulaiman Oladokun , Guerriero Giulia , Akhir Fadzil , Nabilah Ismail
Published: January 2018

Nutrients and Oceanography parameters are the key environmental factors that can determine biomass yield and productivity of an aquaculture system. Oceanography parameters are primarily controlled by the choice of location and season of the aquaculture site. Nutrients are controlled on the site and nutrient manipulations can control biomass yield, productivity and the amount of certain products formed. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus are the main three nutrient elements that influence the growth of seaweed. The different concentration of nutrients at difference aquaculture site was determined which in return influence types of seaweed growth at certain location.
Synthesis, Electrochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles
Authors: Al-Johani Basma , N. Khan Amna , M. Alamshany Zahra , Gull Munazza , S. Azam Elham , A. Kosa Samia , Tahir Soomro M.
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: The colloidal dispersion of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), prepared by reducing Cu2+ ions using ascorbic acid, was characterized and used for electrochemical and antimicrobial activity investigations. By depositing CuNPs onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface the CuNPs/GCE was constructed, which was used to study electrochemical behavior of CuNPs and to carry out direct electrochemical detection of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) in neutral medium. Excellent electrocatalytic ability of CuNPs, assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), for the reduction of TCA and 2-CP was detected. The electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) of the GCE and CuNPs modified GCE evidenced higher charge transfer activity across the modified electrode surface. The antibacterial activity tests of as-synthesized CuNPs on the selected pathogenic strains of pathogenic strains of Salmonella group B (7.9±0.912), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.33±1.561), Escherichia Coli (15.65±1.612), Enterococcus faecalis (5.4±0.612), Staphylococcus aureus (12.6±1.531) and yeast Candida albicans (11.4.3±1.512), respectively, were performed. The results indicated that the use of CuNPs can be pursued as an alternative strategy (to antibiotics) for averting infections by controlling bacterial adhesion and bacterial bio-film formation against microbial infections.
Identification of Dextran and Sludge–Producing Bacteria in Sugar Cane Juices Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Latifi Farzam , Chehrazi Sirous , Ansari Hossein
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: The microbial contamination due to cane sugar transition to the mills is one of the most important factors in increasing sugar lesions in the factory. This study was aimed to isolate dextran-producing bacteria and determine their genus and species. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in year 2014. For this purpose, 200 samples were collected from sugarcane syrups, and then cultured as pourplate and surface. The bacteria were counted and the DNA extracted from the purified bacteria according to the kit protocol. Then, determination of the genus and species of dextran-producing bacteria was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Data obtained from biochemical, microbial and PCR showed that around 80 strains of leuconostoc have been detected in samples. The results of this study indicate that leuconostoc mesenteroides is the main factor in the production of dextran in sugarcane and beet manufactories. The above mentioned contamination sources can be minimized by reducing the transfer time of burned sugarcane to the factory, as well as the regular physical and chemical washing of the mills.
Trace Determination of Selected Heavy Metal Ions in Bleaching Creams in the Local Market of Saudi Arabia
Authors: M. Ali Zainy Faten
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: Bleaching cream and cosmetics products of skin have risk of toxicity and deleterious effects to the human health because of their multiplicative contamination with heavy metals and uncertain mixing of different components. Thus, the present study reports a comprehensive study on the trace selected heavy metal (Hg, Cd, Ti, Bi, Pb, As and Tl) determination in 16 samples of bleaching creams and samples mixture of bleaching creams simultaneously to get a double activity (shiny and faster) on the skin from the local market of Saudi Arabia. Samples were digested with high pressure microwave technique followed by direct determination by inductive coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Hg, Bi, Ti and Pb levels on samples were found equal 5739.16, 7013.53, 21407.73, 456.70 µg/g, respectively whereas other elements (Cd, As and Tl) were found less than 28.99 ppm. One sample of the mixtures showed high concentrations of Hg (13338.50 µg/g,) and Bi (619.23 µg/g). Thus, creams and cream mixtures containing heavy metals above the permissible limit must be blind. The lower detection limits (LOD) were achieved at 2.5-50 µg/g concentration level, RSD was less than 14.72%, and recovery percentage for cosmetics were in the range of 88.52 -99.62%. The proposed method for sample digestion and ICP-OES measurements was fast, precise, convenient and provided good recovery of the tested elements.
The Effectiveness of Teaching Mindfulness on Reduction of Stress, Thinking Control and Working Memory of Military Personnel
Authors: Aghaei Hossein , Rahnamay Maryam
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on reducing stress, thinking control and work memory of military staff. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population of this research was all military personnel. Using available sampling, 60 people were selected as the sample volume and they randomly placed in two control and test groups of 30 people. Intervention of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on test group was performed in 8 sessions for two months and after intervention, a post-test was performed again. The data gathering tool was DASS-21 questionnaire. After collecting data through a questionnaire, SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the statistical data. The results of covariance analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between the average scores of the post test of the test and control groups, and teaching mindfulness has been effective in reducing stress, thinking control and work memory of military personnel. This means that reduction of mind-fullness-based stress has been able to influence the reduction of stress, thought control, and work memory by creating a more positive attitude towards their abilities, creating a proper attention environment and self-control.
Presence of Various Type of Setae as a Periodical Modification in Himalayan Prawn Macrobrachium dayanum from Jammu Region
Authors: Sharma Apurva , Langer Seema , Sharma Nipoon
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: An investigation has been conducted on the Gho-Manhasan stream of Jammu region from Dec 2014- Nov 2015 with an aim to work out the various breeding related changes in the Himalayan prawn Macrobrachium dayanum. During this period, certain important periodical modifications were found likely as the presence of extra setae especially for the purpose of egg bearing. The special breeding dress came into being after the pre-breeding moult. The eight groups of breeding setae have been observed as Simple setae, Pappose setae, Spiniform setae, Protective setae, Plumose setae, Serrate setae, Multidenticulate setae and Ovigerous setae.
Evaluating the Effect of Aloe Vera Plant Ointment on Pain Reduction of CABG Surgery Ulcer in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Babaei Keivan , Nejati Soraya , Ghesmati Faezeh
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT: CABG surgery is commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients. This treatment procedure causes severe pain and large sores in the sternum of diabetic patients. The effect of Aloe Vera's plant on healing of the wound and reducing the pain of the surgical wound in patients was investigated. 60 patients from the diabetic patients, who referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah for CABG operation, were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control groups. Wound healing was evaluated on days 4, 7, and 14 after operation and daily washing with % Aloe Vera ointment, by means of Bates-Jensen wound healing scale. The amount of pain was evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on days 3, 4, and 7 after intervention. SPSS 16 was used to analyze the data. In this research, in order to describe the methods, descriptive statistics including frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, and in relation to the objectives and research fields and the homogeneity of the samples Chi-square and independent T-test were used. The mean and standard deviation of the total score of wound healing was compared between the two groups on days 7 and 14 after dressing were P <0001, which shows the significant difference between the healing of two groups. The rate of healing was more in Aloe Vera group. The present study shows that using Aloe Vera ointment for at least 3 days reduces the pain of the surgical wound and at least 1 week of using Aloe Vera ointment promotes the healing of surgical wound in diabetic patients.
Política en las políticas de calidad de la educación en Centroamérica
Authors: Muñoz Portillo Juan
Published: January 2018

Este estudio analiza la adopción de políticas educativas en Centroamérica y Panamá en materia de aumento de gasto, reformas curriculares y contratación y evaluación docente, durante la década de 2010. Se argumenta que una mayor inversión extranjera directa y un mayor comercio internacional contribuyen a la adopción de estas políticas. Esto se relaciona, a su vez, con los incentivos producidos por las variedades de capitalismo dentro de la región. También se evalúa la hipótesis de que gobiernos conservadores, bajo poderes ejecutivos más fuertes, tienen preferencia por la reforma en políticas de contratación y evaluación docente. Asimismo, se destacan factores históricos para explicar el cambio de política en Costa Rica y el statu quo en Guatemala.
«I can’t get no satisfaction». Servicios públicos, democracia y clases medias en América Latina
Authors: Del Campo Garcia María Esther , Güemes Maria Cecilia , Rodrigo Ludolfo Paramio
Published: January 2018

En la última década, el auge de las nuevas clases medias latinoamericanas ha sido ampliamente analizado, entre otras razones debido al papel que muchos autores creen que éstas desempeñan en la estabilidad democrática. Sin embargo, la vulnerabilidad de la clase media emergente y el aumento de las protestas y movilizaciones sociales han frenado el entusiasmo y fortalecido el deseo de consolidar los logros alcanzados. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar si el descontento con el desempeño del Estado fortalece o debilita la satisfacción con la democracia. Implementando modelos multinivel y regresión con datos de encuestas (Latinobarómetro 2011) para 18 países de la región, observamos que la satisfacción democrática está influenciada principalmente por la percepción de equidad social y confianza en el gobierno, pero no por la autopercepción de clase social o la insatisfacción con los servicios públicos. Llegamos a la conclusión de que las protestas que expresan insatisfacción con los servicios públicos pueden estar expresando la fortaleza del régimen y la exigencia de fortalecerlo aún más, no al contrario.
Instrumentalizing Openness
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen
Published: January 2018

This first part of the monograph introduces Umberto Eco's concept of the opera apertaand links it to the workings of comics as explained through the comics theories of Scott McCloud, Thierry Groensteen, and Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle. The potential for openness in comics is seen as being literalized by the disjointedness and gaps, which are essential to the very form of comics.
Specific aspects harbouring the potential for openness are located in various formal and content-related features. The former include the manipulation of word-image relationships, page layouts, and visual styles whereas the latter focus on themes, characters, and references to other media and figuration.
This part concludes with an overview of the comics analysed in Part Two.
Fictionalized Memories and Biographies
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen
Published: January 2018

This chapter analyses Will Eisner’s A Contract with God, Jacques Tardi’sIt Was the War of the Trenches, Martin tom Dieck and Jens Balzer'sSalut, Deleuze!, Reinhard Kleist and Roland Hueve’sLovecraft, Hugo Pratt’s Saint-Exupéry, and FrédéricBoilet and KanTakahama’sMariko Parade.
A comparative analysis along the dimensions delineated in Part One help in bringing out some of the main features that offer greater room for interpretation in comics. These include a consistent story of a reasonable length that provides room for the story to develop, which is discernible in It Was the War, in contrast to the episodic Contract with God. Other elements brought out include the narration of complex themes such as the philosophical discussions in Salut, Deleuze!, which are also reflected in the comic’s use of motifs and chiaroscuro. Similarly, the collages inLovecraft or the pastels in Saint-Exupéry are also narratively pertinent.
Fantasy and Science Fiction
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen
Published: January 2018

This chapter describes and analyzes books where fantasy is the dominant element and acquires vivid degrees of visuality. Adhering to a chronological order, analyses of Moebius’ Arzach, Enki Bilal’s Nikopol trilogy, and Yslaire’sXXeCielare carried out and concluded by comparisons between these works and other popular examples of fantastic comics. In order to underscore the degrees of openness between comics generated by images, JarmoMäkilä’sTaxi Ride through Van Gogh’s Earis then discussed.
The importance of Moebius’ books comes through their visual detail and the subsequent encouragement of intensive visuality and experimentation with form usually ascribed to the fine arts. The comics by Bilal, Yslaire, and Mäkilä indicate both the extent and the ways in which conventional comics have been altered:adhering more strongly to comics conventions, Bilal’s and Mäkilä’s comics offer diverse options of interpretation through, for instance, intertextual and intermedial references.
Generating Openness in Comics
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen
Published: January 2018

This chapter summarizes the findings of the analyses conducted in Part Two and explains how openness unfolds in aspects regarding both form and content. The means of generating openness in comics are grouped under four broad categories based on ambiguity, suggestiveness, and subversion which are elaborated by beginning with the technical aspects of the medium, in particular its disjointed essence, and moving on to the media references, which often function self-reflexively. The relevance of characters subverting comics conventions is also highlighted. The section then discusses the role of subversive and self-reflexive themes such as autofiction and metafiction.
The final section in this part connects comics' increasing indulgence in more allusiveconnections between panels and references to other media to the current prevalence of multimedia and the digital age in general.
The White Frontiersman, Manhood, Domesticity, and Loyalty
Authors: Barbour Chad A.
Published: January 2018

Chapter two focuses on what might be considered the foil to the Indian: the white frontiersman. Specifically in the figure of Daniel Boone, the white frontiersman portrays a complementary ideal of white manhood to the Indian male, an ideal that may appear safer in terms of racial purity, but, like the contradictory dynamic of the Indian male body's potential for attraction and repulsion, possesses a threat of perceived regression into wild or savage conditions. On one hand, Boone represents a shining ideal of white manhood, yet his adoption by the Shawnee demonstrates a permeability of racial and national identification. While the Boone figure is fully reclaimed by writers and biographers for the American cause, other white frontiersmen might remain solidly on "the other side." Simon Girty, for example, represents that a white man can be "lost" to the Indians, and thus, white settlers and citizens must be on guard to protect their sense of racial and national "loyalty." This chapter, along with the previous one, lay the groundwork of the fantasy and ideology important for the remainder of the book.
Worship at the Altar of Perry: Spectatorship and the Aesthetics of Testimony
Authors: Monk-Payton Brandeise
Published: January 2018

In “Worship at the Altar of Perry: Spectatorship and the Aesthetics of Testimony,” Brandeise Monk-Payton encourages us to think more richly about the relationship between affect and testimony that is available to fans of Perry’s content. Calling Perry’s affective effect on his audiences a “cinematic ministry” that is replete with scenes of pulpit-like testimony, Monk-Payton examines faith-based affect as a type of responsiveness that characterizes intimate encounters with Perry’s films. In her reading of Perry’s 2012 film, Good Deeds, Monk-Payton theorizes that Perry, as title character Wesley Deeds, “testifies” for his fans using a mode of “cinematic address” that is predicated on the affective desire for the audience to engage in a version of African American expressivity.
Spike and Tyler’s Beef: Blackness, Authenticity, and Discourses of Black Exceptionalism
Authors: Bowdre Karen M.
Published: January 2018

Moving the conversation about Perry to a more meta-discursive level, Karen M. Bowdre’s chapter features an examination of the careers of Spike Lee and Tyler Perry.The way we discuss Black Hollywood and independent directors, argues Bowdre, reinforces a (Black) American exceptionalismthat materializes as a flawed tendency to evaluate and elevate one Black director at a time. Bowdre demonstrates that while at the onset Perry and Lee may seem worlds apart both artistically and ideologically, both directors have benefited from a similar system of exclusion.
Modernizing Tintin
Authors: Baetens Jan , Frey Hugo
Published: January 2018

This essay considers how Apostolidès’ contention that Tintin must be understood as a “superchild myth” implies that Tintin requires constant updating and revision, two things that are unlikely at best, given Hergé’s dictum that no one else could write comics for the boy reporter.
Hergé’s Ocupations
Authors: Sanders Joe Sutliff
Published: January 2018

This chapter catalogues the changes in size and frequency forced on Tintin while it was published in Le Soir during Nazi Occupation and argues that Hergé’s adaptations to these changes must be taken into account even when reading books written or revised much later. It argues that Hergé became a markedly better artist during this time, especially as regards his use of space.
Tintin’s Journey in Turkey
Authors: Koçak Kenan
Published: January 2018

This chapter gives the tale of Tintin the colonialist one more turn: the story of Tintin in Turkey is one of local artists claiming Hergé’s creation as their own, turning his image to their own profit, and reshaping his story in ways that made it more meaningful for an audience Hergé probably never considered.
Grenada, 1949–1979: Precursor to Revolution
Authors: Jacobs Curtis
Published: January 2018

March 12, 1979, was the end of a pivotal period in Grenada’s modern contemporary history, which began with Gairy’s arrival in December, 1949, and ended with his departure from Grenada in March, 1979. This chapter discusses the rise and eventual fall of Eric Gairy, the rise of Maurice Bishop as a public figure, leading to the consolidation of the Grenada Revolution in 1979. It weaves together three decades of authoritarianism, conflict and resistance that shaped Grenada’s historical path.
Climate
Authors: Svorinich Victor
Published: January 2018

Bitches Brew was not created in a void. This chapter illustrates how Davis coincided with the emerging status of African-Americans in late-60s America. The innovations of artists such as Jimi Hendrix, James Brown, and Sly Stone--the trumpeter’s key influences, illustrated the importance of African-American artists and helped shape the transformation in Davis’s life and music. As Davis did on Bitches Brew, these artists pioneered new approaches in self-expression that coincided with the changing cultural and political conditions surrounding them. Davis would insist that Bitches Brew was his music for his generation regardless of how progressive it sounded.
Post-Production
Authors: Svorinich Victor
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines the complex post-production process of Bitches Brew. Miles Davis utilized state-of-the-art recording equipment, massive editing work, and a variety of special effects to get his sound. His involvement during post-production illustrates how artistically invested he was with the album and offers key insights regarding his infamous relationship with famed producer Teo Macero.
KONFLIK DALAM ADAPTASI BUDAYA (Studi Deskriptif pada Komunikasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora di Lingkungan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta)
Authors: Iqbal Fajar
Published: January 2018

Campus is a miniature community heterogeneity. We can find a diversity of individuals and groups in the dynamics of the campus that are relatively complex. The uniqueness of the campus is also felt by the presence of the academic community are different in purpose and the way to achieve that goal in every interaction between them. Especially for students, this difference can be sourced from a background influenced by family, ethnic, social, and economic before their presence in university life. One campus has a unique advantage which is typical UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Positioning this campus who use Islam label makes this campus has an environment and atmosphere that is unique compared to other campuses. The research focused on students in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities have found that the students experienced various conflicts in cultural adaptation in the environment UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Starting from intrapersonal conflict to conflict in interpersonal and intergroup dynamics that occur.
TANTANGAN OPTIMALISASI PERAN LABORATORIUM TV DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Hafiar Hanny , Mahameruaji Jimi N
Published: January 2018

The conditions of television in the country are experiencing rapid development. It is characterized by the increasing emergence of private tv stations. The increase in the quantity of television station is a strategic opportunity for the College that has a course-based audiovisual media production. The television laboratory facilities are required to prepare graduates who are ready to use in the television industry. However, to manage the laboratory which ready to serve the internal and external public is not an easy step, there are a number of constraints that became its own challenges for the manager. Therefore, this research attempts to examine more deeply about the challenges faced in the effort to optimize the role of the laboratory in college. The method used is the descriptive method of data collection through interviews and observation and literature study. As for the results obtained include constraints concerning aspects of facilities, human resources, and management of laboratory related to various policy management.
Aging Affects Adaptation to Sound-Level Statistics in Human Auditory Cortex
Authors: Herrmann Björn , Maess Burkhard , Johnsrude Ingrid S.
Published: January 2018

Optimal perception requires efficient and adaptive neural processing of sensory input. Neurons in nonhuman mammals adapt to the statistical properties of acoustic feature distributions such that they become sensitive to sounds that are most likely to occur in the environment. However, whether human auditory responses adapt to stimulus statistical distributions and how aging affects adaptation to stimulus statistics is unknown. We used MEG to study how exposure to different distributions of sound levels affects adaptation in auditory cortex of younger (mean: 25 years;n= 19) and older (mean: 64 years;n= 20) adults (male and female). Participants passively listened to two sound-level distributions with different modes (either 15 or 45 dB sensation level). In a control block with long interstimulus intervals, allowing neural populations to recover from adaptation, neural response magnitudes were similar between younger and older adults. Critically, both age groups demonstrated adaptation to sound-level stimulus statistics, but adaptation was altered for older compared with younger people: in the older group, neural responses continued to be sensitive to sound level under conditions in which responses were fully adapted in the younger group. The lack of full adaptation to the statistics of the sensory environment may be a physiological mechanism underlying the known difficulty that older adults have with filtering out irrelevant sensory information.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBehavior requires efficient processing of acoustic stimulation. Animal work suggests that neurons accomplish efficient processing by adjusting their response sensitivity depending on statistical properties of the acoustic environment. Little is known about the extent to which this adaptation to stimulus statistics generalizes to humans, particularly to older humans. We used MEG to investigate how aging influences adaptation to sound-level statistics. Listeners were presented with sounds drawn from sound-level distributions with different modes (15 vs 45 dB). Auditory cortex neurons adapted to sound-level statistics in younger and older adults, but adaptation was incomplete in older people. The data suggest that the aging auditory system does not fully capitalize on the statistics available in sound environments to tune the perceptual system dynamically.
Satmar
Authors: Heilman Samuel C.
Published: January 2018

This chapter describes a dynasty with the largest number of Hasidim in America in which conflict has been the dominant element of its succession from the first to the current rebbe. It shows how conflict has helped the group energize itself and how even a rebbe’s wife became a contender for the role of leader.
Introduction
Authors: Lewis Jon
Published: January 2018

On February 8, 1962, the movie actress Lana Turner fainted at a Hollywood party. It was her birthday—her forty-second.1 She was rushed to the emergency room at Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, where she made the most of her entrance, dramatically clinging to the arms of two of her party guests, the actor Eddie Albert (Turner’s current co-star in Daniel’s Mann’s ...
Unorthodox Kin
Authors: Leite Naomi
Published: January 2018

Naomi Leite's Unorthodox Kin is a ground-breaking exploration of identity, relatedness, and belonging in the context of profound global interconnection. A poignant and gracefully written portrait of Portugal's urban Marranos, who trace their ancestry to fifteenth-century Jews forcibly converted to Catholicism and who now seek connection with the Jewish people at large, the book explores questions fundamental to the human condition: how people come to identify with far-flung others; how some find glimmerings of mystical connection in a world said to be disenchanted; how identities are lived in practice and challenged in interaction; how the horizons of kinship expand in a globally interconnected era; and how feelings of relatedness emerge between strangers and gather strength over time. Focusing on mutual imaginings and face-to-face encounters between urban Marranos and the foreign Jewish tourists and outreach workers who travel to meet them, Leite draws on a decade of ethnographic research in Portugal to trace participants' perceptions of self, peoplehood, and belonging as they evolve through local and global social spaces. Methodologically innovative and written in a compelling narrative style, this is a model study for the anthropology of kinship, tourism, and globalization that will appeal to a wide readership.
Introduction
Authors: Leite Naomi
Published: January 2018

This introductory chapter lays out the groundwork for a discussion into the Portuguese Marrano movement and places this movement within the context of belonging and identification. It looks at the ways that cultural logics of kinship inform imaginings of self in relation to others, individually and collectively, both back in time and across vast distances, and the ways those same logics work in practice to render some people strangers and others, kin. The story of the Portuguese Marrano, in the end, is study of global interconnection, not only to the degree that the infrastructure and cultural flows of globalization enable the kinds of imaginings and interactions explored in the succeeding chapters, but equally in subjective perceptions of being connected to others, both far back in time and widely around the globe.
“My Lost Brothers and Sisters!”
Authors: Leite Naomi
Published: January 2018

This chapter focuses on the desires and conceptual frameworks that led the urban Marranos and foreign Jews to each other and through which they made sense of each other's presence and actions. Most forms of direct tourist–toured interaction studied by anthropologists occur within highly mediated contexts that emphasize difference. Among Marranos and their foreign visitors, on the other hand, there was a shared assumption of fundamental commonality, communicative transparency, and goodwill that resulted in surprisingly informal exchanges. However, beneath the appearance of mutual understanding and even emotional intimacy, culturally distinct structures of reasoning led to continual partial misunderstanding, or communicative slippage, both in the moment of encounter and after. And yet far from causing discord, it was precisely that slippage that enabled their interactions to work smoothly.
Explaining Separation/Divorce Violence against Women
Authors: Dekeseredy Walter S. , Dragiewicz Molly , Schwartz Martin D.
Published: January 2018

This chapter reviews widely read and cited social scientific theories of separation and divorce violence against women. Explanations covered include the male proprietariness thesis, the challenge thesis, a feminist/male peer support model of separation and divorce sexual assault, a rural masculinity crisis/male peer support model of separation/divorce sexual assault, and the social and economic exclusion model of separation/divorce woman abuse in public housing.
Wave That Flag: An Apolitical Band
Authors: Olsson Ulf
Published: January 2018

Stubbornly maintaining that the band was not into politics of any kind, the Grateful Dead still performed for many different more-or-less political causes and in environments characterized by distinct political aspects. The band and its culture can be seen as a form of “republic” based on practices of “citizenship”: the formation of subjects (in Foucault’s sense) is a central aspect of the Dead as political phenomenon. The band opened a space that served as a resistance to mainstream America, and supported the testing of alternative identities: a heterotopia. Drugs, as a way of intensifying experience, were a central aspect of this growing culture. But the Dead became political by doing service for their community as well, such as the many benefit concerts they performed.
Summary and Future Directions
Authors: Friedman Lee S.
Published: January 2018

This chapter summarizes the major findings of the previous chapters in considering the development and impact of the policy-analytic profession. The growth in the voluntary employment of analysts not only by governments of all types as well as private sector and nonprofit agencies is a key indicator of the profession's effectiveness and value. However, policy analysts always place a high value on self-improvement. Market tests of employment are good at establishing general value of the analytic inputs (that benefits are greater than costs), and they are also good at demonstrating the broad range of settings in which this occupation has value. But a better understanding of when and how policy-analytic inputs succeed (and fail) at improving policies is important for learning how to improve the profession's effectiveness.
Introduction
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This introductory chapter provides a snapshot of maternal care in jails and how it reveals two deeply entrenched crises in U.S. society: mass incarceration and health care inequalities. Jail and the broader system of incarceration, referred to as the “carceral system,” have become an integral part of U.S. society's social and medical safety net. The chapter illustrates a historical trajectory that is peculiar to the United States and that represents one of its greatest tragedies, defined by the whittling away of public services for the poor, coupled with an escalation in the number of jails and prisons serving as sites for the care of that same population. Statistics on the disproportionate number of incarcerated women and people of color are also discussed. Finally, the chapter provides an overview of jailcare conditions in San Francisco's jail, which serves as the case study for this volume.
Cultivating Ambiguity
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This chapter looks at how jail health workers are constantly confronted with the incoherence of the ostensibly coherent domains of carcerality and biomedical care. Such attention to ambiguity in clinic workers' actions and relationships was the essence of jailcare—a kind of care that grapples with inequality writ large. The ambiguity of jailcare asks fundamental questions about the moral worthiness of prisoners receiving care—people who, on the one hand, have ostensibly violated legal-social norms and may be seen as less deserving of services; and who, on the other hand, are marginalized by poverty, addiction, and racism, and deserve care because of their structural vulnerability.
The Clinic Routine
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This chapter takes a closer look at the routine in the San Francisco jail clinic, which reveals that its rhythms and tasks were punctuated by a moral intimacy. That is, care-giving interactions among nurses, clinicians, deputies, and patient-prisoners worked through the personal and moral stakes of desiring recognition, exercising professionalism, and articulating how medical resources should be distributed and who deserved them. These various moral domains were situated amid the state's carceral burden to care and the broader failures of the safety net. The chronicity of recidivism and the shared task of confronting the punitive regimes of the jail cultivated possibilities for intimacy. Thus the seemingly impersonal, disciplinary dimensions of care and the compassionate intimacy of care became mutually constitutive.
Custody as Forced and Enforced Intimacy
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the phenomenon of “pastoral custody,” where safety could be achieved through a knotty entanglement of control and benevolence. It discusses Foucault's description of pastoral power, which creates the simultaneous intimacy of custody and care in jail. This form of custody acknowledges the many contradictory tasks and affects of facilitating the minutiae of inmates' daily existence. The collective space of the jail and the deputies' job description result in close and constant spatial proximity, as well as intimacy around personal bodily processes and social interactions. The job of custody, then, requires both forced and enforced intimacy generated by the jail's conditions.
At Home in Jail
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This chapter demonstrates how a tragic state of affairs, one in which economic insecurity and the frayed safety net, coupled with the expansion of carceral institutions, have made jail a safe and even desirable place for women like the ones interviewed so far in this book. In contrast to their precarious and sometimes violent lives on the streets, jail provided safety and stability, and thus became a version of home. But this version of home is shaded with the knowledge that safety is predicated on criminality: punishment is the institutional form that safety and security takes, hence the relationship between the violence of the streets and the care of carcerality.
Conclusion
Authors: Sufrin Carolyn
Published: January 2018

This concluding chapter emphasizes the fundamentally ambiguous nature of jailcare. Jailcare arises amid circumstances in which a person's deservingness to be cared for is actively called into question, affirmed, and conditionally defined. It indexes the mutual coexistence of the violence of punitive discipline with the concern and attention of caregiving. This disturbing coexistence shows that vulnerability and care are core dimensions of social life, even in harsh institutional settings. The chapter explores these ambiguities in more depth, as it examines recent policies regarding jailcare as well as the perceptions of inmates toward not only jailcare but also life in “jail beyond jail.”