bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Web-Based Dietary Assessment Tool (myfood24) in Norwegian Women and Men Aged 60-74 Years: Usability Study
Authors: Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Medin Anine Christine , Skeie Guri , Henriksen André , Lundblad Marie Wasmuth
Published: March 2022

Background

A healthy diet throughout the life course improves health and reduces the risk of disease. There is a need for new knowledge of the relation between diet and health, but existing methods to collect information on food and nutrient intake have their limitations. Evaluations of new tools to assess dietary intake are needed, especially in old people, where the introduction of new technology might impose challenges.

Objective

We aimed to examine the usability of a new web-based dietary assessment tool in older adult women and men.

Methods

A total of 60 women and men (participation 83%, 57% women) aged 60-74 years recruited by convenience and snowball sampling completed a 24-hour web-based dietary recall using the newly developed Norwegian version of Measure Your Food On One Day (myfood24). Total energy and nutrient intakes were calculated in myfood24, primarily on the basis of the Norwegian Food Composition Table. No guidance or support was provided to complete the recall. Usability was assessed using the system usability scale (SUS), where an SUS score of ≥68 was considered satisfactory. We examined the responses to single SUS items and the mean (SD) SUS score in groups stratified by sex, age, educational level, and device used to complete the recall (smartphone, tablet device, or computer).

Results

The mean total energy intake was 5815 (SD 3093) kJ. A total of 14% of participants had an energy intake of <2100 kJ (ie, 500 kilocalories) and none had an intake of >16,800 kJ (ie, 4000 kilocalories). Mean energy proportions from carbohydrates, fat, protein, alcohol, and fiber was within the national recommendations. The mean SUS score was 55.5 (SD 18.6), and 27% of participants had SUS scores above the satisfactory product cut-off. Higher SUS scores were associated with younger age and lower education, but not with the type of device used.

Conclusions

We found the overall usability of a new web-based dietary assessment tool to be less than satisfactory in accordance with standard usability criteria in a sample of 60-74–year-old Norwegians. The observed total energy intakes suggest that several of the participants underreported their intake during the completion of the dietary recall. Implementing web-based dietary assessment tools in older adults is feasible, but guidance and support might be needed to ensure valid completion.
Assessment of the Quality, Understandability, and Reliability of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information on Basal Cell Carcinoma: Web-Based Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Steeb Theresa , Reinhardt Lydia , Harlaß Matthias , Heppt Markus Vincent , Meier Friedegund , Berking Carola
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Patients with skin cancer increasingly watch online videos to acquire disease-related information. Until now, no scientific evaluation of the quality of videos available for German-speaking patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been performed.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to identify and evaluate videos about BCC provided on YouTube.

METHODS

A video search on YouTube was conducted in July 2020, using German BCC-related keywords (eg, “Basalzellkarzinom,” “Basaliom,” “weißer hautkrebs,” and “heller hautkrebs”). The first three pages (ie, 60 videos) were searched by two independent researchers for each keyword. Two authors evaluated videos that met the predefined eligibility criteria. The quality of the information of the videos was evaluated using the DISCERN tool and the Global Quality Scale (GQS). The understandability and actionability were assessed with the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials (PEMAT-A/V). The reliability was assessed with the JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) criteria score. Subgroup differences were identified using the Kruskal-Wallis test.

RESULTS

A total of 41 videos were included in the evaluation. The mean assessment scores were as follows: DISCERN, 3.3 (SD 0.80); GQS, 3.8 (SD 1.1); JAMA, 27.74% (SD 22.1%); understandability, 70.8% (SD 13.3%); and actionability, 45.9% (SD 43.7%). These values indicated that the videos were of medium to good quality and had good understandability, low actionability, and poor reliability. The quality of videos provided by health professionals was significantly higher than that of videos provided by laypersons.

CONCLUSIONS

Optimization of health-related videos about BCC is desirable. In particular, adaptation to reliability criteria is necessary to support patient education and increase transparency.
Relationships between Social Media and HPV awareness and knowledge (Preprint)
Authors: Jo Soojung , Howe Nancy
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection and can cause many cancers including anal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers [1] and can infect both females and males. HPV vaccination rates are lower than other national vaccination programs, despite its importance. Research literature indicates people obtain health-related information from Internet sources and social media [2], although the volumes of social media information seeking reported are inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the association between social media usage and HPV knowledge and HPV awareness.

METHODS

This study analyzed public health data collected through the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) conducted by the US National Cancer Institute. The analysis used data collected in 2020; 2,948 responses were included in the analysis. Six HPV-related questions were used to identify three dependent variables: HPV awareness, HPV vaccine awareness, and HPV knowledge about HPV-related cancers. Four social media usage variables were included as control variables. Six logistic regressions using replicate weight were used for the analysis.

RESULTS

In general, respondents were aware of HPV (68.40%) and the HPV vaccine (64.04%), and know that HPV can cause cervical cancer (48.00%). However, fewer respondents are knowledgeable about the relationships between HPV and penile cancer (19.18%), between HPV and anal cancer (18.33%), and between HPV and oral cancer (19.86%). Respondents who have participated in an online forum or support group for people with a similar health or medical issue are more likely to be aware of HPV (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.13, 4.03). Respondents who have visited a social networking site (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.23) and who have shared health information on social networking sites (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.42) are more likely to be aware of the HPV vaccine. There are no statistical differences between respondents who have watched a health-related video on YouTube and respondents who have not.

CONCLUSIONS

In general, there is a lack of association between social media usage and knowledge that HPV can cause cancers other than cervical cancer. Additionally, the results of this study may indicate that a lack of high-quality, accurate information in YouTube videos may influence HPV awareness and knowledge. Efforts to use storytelling on social media, and especially on YouTube, to provide accurate information about HPV and the benefits of HPV vaccination are suggested.
Authors’ Reply to: Techniques to Teach Students Effectively Using Telemedicine. Comment on “Incorporating Medical Students Into Primary Care Telehealth Visits: Tutorial” (Preprint)
Authors: Balaji Aanika , Clever Sarah Lou
Published: March 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Topology-Enhanced Molecular Graph Representation for Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Selection (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Yue , Chen Songling , Tong Junyi , Yan Chenwei , Fu Xiangling
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is currently one of the cancers with a higher mortality rate in the world. The biological research on anti-breast cancer drugs focuses on the activity of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα), the pharmacokinetic properties and the safety of the compounds, which, however, is an expensive and time-consuming process. Developments of deep learning bring potential to efficiently facilitate the candidate drug selection against breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to propose a method that can topologically representing the features of anti-breast cancer candidate drugs and predicting the ERα value and ADMET properties of the organic compounds so as to realize anti-breast cancer candidate drug selection.

METHODS

In this paper, we propose an Anti-Breast Cancer Drug selection method utilizing Gated Graph Neural Networks (ABCD-GGNN) to topologically enhance the molecular representation of candidate drugs. By constructing atom-level graphs through atomic descriptors for each distinct compound, ABCD-GGNN can topologically learn both the structure and substructure characteristics of a candidate drug and then integrate the representation with discrete molecular descriptors to generate a molecule-level representation. As a result, the representation result of ABCD-GGNN can inductively predict the Erα, the pharmacokinetic properties and the safety of each candidate drug. Finally, we design an ranking operator whose inputs are the predicted properties so as to statistically select the appropriate drugs against breast cancer.

RESULTS

Extensive experiments conducted on our collected anti-breast cancer candidate drug dataset demonstrate that our proposed method outperform all the other representative methods in the tasks of predicting ERα, and the pharmacokinetic properties and safety of the compounds. Extended result analysis demonstrates the and biological rationality of the operator we design to calculate the candidate drug ranking from the predicted properties.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, we propose the ABCD-GGNN representation method to efficiently integrate the topological structure and substructure features of the molecules with the discrete molecular descriptors. With a ranking operator applied, the predicted properties efficiently facilitate the candidate drug selection against breast cancer.
A Comprehensive Internet-Of-Things (IoT) platform for precision health care and chronotherapy in remote monitoring of patients with chronic diseases (Preprint)
Authors: Ali Malika , Duprès Alban , Huang Qi , Attari Amal , Dulong Sandrine , Li Xiao Mei , Bossevot-Demaris Rachel , Bouchahda Mohamed , Komarzynski Sandra , Finkenstädt Bärbel , Fritsch Agnès , Breda Gabrièle , Levi Francis
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

The administration of treatments according to circadian rhythms (chronotherapy) aims at advancing precision medicine through tailoring health care and drug delivery to the patients’ biological clocks.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this paper is to present the first-of-its kind IoT platform used for the remote telemonitoring of patient with chronic diseases.

METHODS

This system is an innovative IoT connected platform of artificial intelligence-assisted home care which we have developed and field-tested as a domomedicine-supporting technology.

RESULTS

Multidimensional telemonitoring of rest-activity and body temperature circadian rhythms, sleep, and physical activity, jointly with subjective symptoms and quality of life is implemented through wireless medical grade BLE sensors and electronic tablets connected via GPRS to the platform server. Parameters are measured continuously and automatically computed in real time. Alerts are generated whenever threshold values are surpassed. A graphical user interface allows for data and parameters dynamics to be presented in visualized form to health professionals. Feasibility, compliance and reliability are validated in a field test.

CONCLUSIONS

The domomedicine platform is currently implemented in the MultiDom trial (NCT04263948), for improving outcomes in frail pancreatic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Gathering real time information on individual patients’ circadian rhythms and symptoms generates sensitive early warning signals in order to enhance safety through triggering proactive interventions. Quantitative measures of circadian biomarkers further provide cues for the personalization of chronotherapy. Such domomedicine platform should help improving outcomes in patients with cancer or other chronic or infectious diseases, which account for most human mortality.
In Anticipation of Sharing Pediatric Inpatient Notes: Focus Group Study With Stakeholders (Preprint)
Authors: Smith Catherine Arnott , Kelly Michelle M
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Patient portals are a health information technology that allows patients and their proxies, such as caregivers and family members, to access designated portions of their electronic health record using mobile devices and web browsers. The Open Notes initiative in the United States, which became federal law in April 2021, has redrawn and expanded the boundaries of medical records. Only a few studies have focused on sharing notes with parents or caregivers of pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the anticipated impact of increasing the flow of electronic health record information, specifically physicians’ daily inpatient progress notes, via a patient portal to parents during their child’s acute hospital stay—an understudied population and an understudied setting.

METHODS

A total of 5 in-person focus groups were conducted with 34 stakeholders most likely impacted by sharing of physicians’ inpatient notes with parents of hospitalized children: hospital administrators, hospitalist physicians, interns and resident physicians, nurses, and the parents themselves.

RESULTS

Distinct themes identified as benefits of pediatric inpatient Open Notes for parents emerged from all the 5 focus groups. These themes were communication, recapitulation and reinforcement, education, stress reduction, quality control, and improving family-provider relationships. Challenges identified included burden on provider, medical jargon, communication, sensitive content, and decreasing trust.

CONCLUSIONS

Providing patients and, in the case of pediatrics, caregivers with access to medical records via patient portals increases the flow of information and, in turn, their ability to participate in the discourse of their care. Parents in this study demonstrated not only that they act as monitors and guardians of their children’s health but also that they are observers of the clinical processes taking place in the hospital and at their child’s bedside. This includes the clinical documentation process, from the creation of notes to the reading and sharing of the notes. Parents acknowledge not only the importance of notes in the clinicians’ workflow but also their collaboration with providers as part of the health care team.
Conditional Probability Joint Extraction of Nested Biomedical Events: Design of a Unified Extraction Framework Based on Neural Networks (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Jian , Lu Huiyi , Xu Bing , Zhang Yijia , Banbhrani Santosh Kumar , Lin Hongfei
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Event extraction is essential for natural language processing. In the biomedical field, the nested event phenomenon (event A as a participating role of event B) makes extracting this event more difficult than extracting a single event. Therefore, the performance of nested biomedical events is always underwhelming. In addition, previous works relied on a pipeline to build an event extraction model, which ignored the dependence between trigger recognition and event argument detection tasks and produced significant cascading errors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to design a unified framework to jointly train biomedical event triggers and arguments and improve the performance of extracting nested biomedical events.

METHODS

We proposed an end-to-end joint extraction model that considers the probability distribution of triggers to alleviate cascading errors. Moreover, we integrated the syntactic structure into an attention-based gate graph convolutional network to capture potential interrelations between triggers and related entities, which improved the performance of extracting nested biomedical events.

RESULTS

The experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method achieved the best F1 score on the multilevel event extraction biomedical event extraction corpus and achieved a favorable performance on the biomedical natural language processing shared task 2011 Genia event corpus.

CONCLUSIONS

Our conditional probability joint extraction model is good at extracting nested biomedical events because of the joint extraction mechanism and the syntax graph structure. Moreover, as our model did not rely on external knowledge and specific feature engineering, it had a particular generalization performance.
Brain Tumor Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Shivdikar Adish , Shirke Mihir , Vodnala Ishwar , Upadhaya Prof. Jaychand
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Tumors are now the second major cause of cancer. A huge percentage of patients are in danger as more than just a consequence of cancer. The medical field needs fast, automated, efficient and reliable technique to detect tumor like brain tumor. Detection plays very important role in treatment. If proper detection of tumor is possible then doctors keep a patient out of danger. Various image processing techniques are used in this application. Doctors are able to provide excellent treatment and save a huge number of tumour patients by using this application. A tumour is nothing more than an uncontrolled growth of cells. Brain tumour cells expand to the point where they consume all of the nutrition intended for healthy cells and tissues, resulting in brain failure. Currently, doctors manually locate the position and area of a brain tumour by looking at the patient's MR images of the brain. This leads to inaccuracy in tumour detection and is extremely time intensive. A tumour is an uncontrollably growing clump of tissue. We can utilise CNN (Convolution Neural Network), also known as NN (Neural Network), and VGG 16 Deep Learning architectures (visual geometry group). To diagnose a brain tumour, transfer learning is used. The model's performance predicts whether or not a tumour is present in an image. If a tumour is present, the answer is yes; otherwise, the answer is no. Keywords: Brain Tumor, MRI, OpenCV, Data Augmentation, CNN, Transfer learning, VGG.
A Study on Visual Understanding Image Captioning using Different Word Embeddings and CNN-Based Feature Extractions
Authors: Fudholi Dhomas Hatta , Zahra Annisa , Nayoan Royan Abida N.
Published: March 2022

Image captioning is a task that can provide a description of an image in natural language. Image captioning can be used for a variety of applications, such as image indexing and virtual assistants. In this research, we compared the performance of three different word embeddings, namely, GloVe, Word2Vec, FastText and six CNN-based feature extraction architectures such as, Inception V3, InceptionResNet V2, ResNet152 V2, EfficientNet B3 V1, EfficientNet B7 V1, and NASNetLarge which then will be combined with LSTM as the decoder to perform image captioning. We used ten different household objects (bed, cell phone, chair, couch, oven, potted plant, refrigerator, sink, table, and tv) that were obtained from MSCOCO dataset to develop the model. Then, we created five new captions in Bahasa Indonesia for the selected images. The captions might contain details about the name, the location, the color, the size, and the characteristics of an object and its surrounding area. In our 18 experimental models, we used different combination of the word embedding and CNN-based feature extraction architecture, along with LSTM to train the model. As the result, models that used the combination of Word2Vec + NASNetLarge performed better in generating Indonesian captions than the other models based on BLEU-4 metric.
Determination of Priority Pillars of Safe School Facilities in Supporting the Realization of Disaster-Safe Education Unit (SPAB) Program in Public High School 1 Karangdowo, Klaten District, Central Java Province
Authors: Pahleviannur Muhammad Rizal , Hafida Siti Hadiyati Nur
Published: March 2022

Indonesia memiliki kerentanan tinggi terhadap bencana. Kerentanan yang terdapat di Indonesia mengakibatkan kerugian pada beberapa sektor, salah satunya sektor pendidikan, seperti guru, peserta didik, kegiatan belajar mengajar, dan fasilitas pendidikan. Tujuan yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk: (1) mengetahui prioritas pilar fasilitas sekolah aman yang terdapat di SMA Negeri 1 Karangdowo dalam pengelolaan Satuan Pendidikan Aman Bencana (SPAB), dan (2) mendeskripsikan strategi pengelolaan SPAB di SMA Negeri 1 Karangdowo terhadap pilar fasilitas sekolah aman. Jenis penelitian yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pilar prioritas dan strategi pengelolaan fasilitas sekolah aman dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menghitung pilar prioritas fasilitas sekolah aman. Hasil dalam penelitian ini yaitu: (1) penentuan prioritas pilar fasilitas sekolah aman diperoleh hasil bahwa, ketinggian aman dari banjir, struktur stabil dan kokoh, perbaikan kerusakan, ruangan dengan pintu terbuka ke luar, pengontrolan kualitas, dan penguatan bangunan menjadi prioritas utama, dan (2) strategi pengelolaan SPAB yang terdapat di SMA Negeri 1 Karangdowo yaitu berupa peningkatan kapasitas terhadap fasilitas sekolah aman dengan memperbaiki terhadap pilar yang tidak diprioritaskan.
Efektivitas Penyaringan Air Berbasis Kulit Durian Kering Sebagai Media Filtrasi Kadar Logam Berat Kadmium Dan Timbal
Authors: Ndibale Wa , Kadir Arsal , Wibowo Dwiprayogo , Ilham  , Sumarlin
Published: March 2022

Limbah kulit durian menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan bioadsorben ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini menghadirkan pemanfaatan limbah kulit durian sebagai media filtrasi untuk mengurangi kadar logam berat kadmium (Cd) dan timbal (Pb) yang terkandung pada air sumur galian. Penyiapan kulit durian dilakukan dengan mengeringkan kulit durian dan memberikan variasi ukuran media filtrasi yaitu 10 cm, 20 cm, dan 30 cm. Media filtrasi kulit durian dimasukkan dalam alat filtrasi yang telah didesain berbasis aliran gravitasi yang mudah dan murah. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan awal kadar Cd dalam air sumur galian sebesar 0,0073 mg/L dan setelah dilakukan perlakuan dapat menurunkan kadar Cd sampai dengan 0,0032 mg/L atau efektifitasnya sampai dengan 55,76% dengan menggunakan media filtrasi 30 cm. Demikian pula kadar Pb sebelum perlakuan memiliki kadar sebesar 0,062 mg/L dan setelah dilakukan perlakuan terjadi penurunan kadar Pb sampai dengan 0,024 mg/L atau efektifitasnya sampai dengan 61,3%. Penurunan kadar logam ini sangat signifikan dan dapat memenuhi standar baku mutu air yang ditetapkan sebesar 0,005 mg/L. Selain itu, faktor penurunan kadar Pb dan Cd dipengaruhi oleh semakin tinggi tumpukan media maka semakin lama waktu kontak air dengan media filter sehingga semakin banyak ikatan kompleks antara selulosa dengan logam berat.
Cancer Control and Oncology Care in Iraq
Authors: Al Alwan Nada A S
Published: March 2022

This country report focuses on the cancer control and oncology services in Iraq. This report displaying the approaches that are made to implement the elements of the national cancer control program including cancer registration, prevention, early detection, treatment, palliative care and research.
Socrative: um website para avaliação formativa
Authors: Oliveira Luana Rodrigues de Souza , Torrentes Greice Castela
Published: March 2022

Constantemente o fracasso escolar é associado às formas de avaliação e ensino obsoletas que não condizem com o atual contexto social e histórico vivenciado. O advento das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) em todas as esferas sociais transformou drasticamente o modo de se comunicar, interagir e viver em sociedade. Apesar de fazer parte do cotidiano, as TDIC ainda não estão totalmente integradas ao ambiente escolar. Diante desse quadro, esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar o website educativo socrative.com. Para tanto, foram analisadas as nove dimensões propostas por Carvalho (2006) e a dimensão acrescentada por Araújo (2015) para avaliação de websites educativos. Apesar de não conter todos os itens listados por Carvalho (2006), a página atende a muitos aspectos importantes para um site educativo e cumpre o propósito de ser um instrumento de avaliação formativa.
Langkah-Langkah Al-Qur’an dalam Memberdayakan Ekonomi Masyarakat Miskin
Authors: A. Gani Burhanuddin
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the concern of the Qur'an in empowering the economy of the poor, who desperately need attention from all parties. He is a person who has a steady income, but that income is not sufficient for his daily needs, so the main question in this paper is how the Qur'an cares for the economic empowerment of the poor. The method used in this research is a qualitative method which refers to the books in question. The results of the research conclude that the Qur'an contains steps to empower them, so that their standard of living is equal to that of other people. There are three steps regulated by the Qur'an regarding efforts to empower the poor, namely the provision of capital through voluntary giving (infaq), compulsory giving (zakat) and through paying off kafarah from people who have transgressed Allah's laws.ABSTRAKTulisan ini mengetengahkan tentang kepedulian al-Qur’an dalam memberdayakan ekonomi orang-orang miskin, yang sangat membutuhkan perhatian dari semua pihak. Ia adalah orang yang memiliki penghasilan tetap, tetapi penghasilan itu tidak mencukupi kebutuhan hidupnya sehari-hari maka yang menjadi pertanyaan pokok dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana langkah-langkah kepedulian al-Qur’an dalam memberdayakan ekonomi orang-orang miskin. Adapun metode yang digunakan daam penelitian ini adalah metode kuaitatif yang merujuk kepada buku-buku yang ebrsangkutan. Hasil peneitian menyimpulkan bahwa al-Qur’an telah memuat langkah-langkah untuk dapat memberdayakan mereka, agar taraf hidupnya setara dengan orang-orang lain. Ada tiga langkah yang diatur al-Qur’an tentang upaya pemberdayaan orang miskin, yaitu pemberian modal melalui pemberian sukarela (infaq), pemberian wajib (zakat) dan melalui pelunasan kafarah dari orang-orang yang pernah melangkahi hukum-hukum Allah
Prospects of MMX Mesalazine in Routine Outpatient Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Uspenskiy Yu. P. , Ivanov S. V. , Fominykh Yu. A.
Published: March 2022

Aim. A general review of treatment approaches to ulcerative colitis (UC) and the importance of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) for its routine outpatient management.

Key points. The choice of drug therapy for UC remission induction and maintenance is linked to the intestinal lesion extent and disease attack severity. The 5-ASA therapy remains the mainstay UC treatment in routine outpatient practice, with prescription rate of 80–90%. Oral 5-ASA drugs are often used in monotherapy or when oral and rectal 5-ASAs are recommended in combination. As a sustained-release medication, the MMX mesalazine multi-matrix delivery system provides for higher active substance dosages along entire colonic mucosa, including its distal portions. A higher active substance dosage per tablet reduces the number of intakes and ensures a better patient adherence, both in terms of daily and long-term therapy.

Conclusion. The 5-ASA drugs are most commonly prescribed in outpatient practice. Sustained-release 5-ASAs provide for a more effective active ingredient distribution at higher dosages along colonic mucosa.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE USE OF VIDEO AS A MEDIUM OF LEARNING IN SPEAKING CLASS
Authors: Soraya Rika , Sabarun Sabarun , Sugianto Aris
Published: March 2022

The study was aimed at knowing how students’ perceptions of the use of video as medium of learning in speaking class. Qualitative descriptive was utilized as a research method. The researcher selected 15 students of English Education IAIN Palangka Raya from 3 classes which were chosen 5 students in each class by using purposive sampling. To gain the data, the researcher used interview and documentation. The result showed the students’ perceptions of the use of video as a medium of learning in speaking class had good result.  Most students said the use of video as a medium of learning in speaking class was effective, flexible, and practice medium. It was also able to increase the students’ speaking skill which was called positive attitude. However, two students disagreed the use of video which was called negative attitude. They mentioned video was ineffective in increasing speaking fluency and not too challenging. Keywords:  Students’ Perceptions, Video, Speaking Class
KONFLIK SOSIAL DALAM CERPEN â€œTEPI SHIREâ€ KARYA TAWAKAL M. IQBAL: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Azizah Balkis Nur , Al Anshory Abdul Muntaqim
Published: March 2022

This study aims to: (1) describe the form of social conflict; (2) reveal the causes of social conflict; and (3) understand the negative and positive impacts of the social conflict. This study uses qualitative, descriptive, and literature. The primary data source is the short story â€œTepi Shireâ€, while the secondary data source is articles and books on the sociology of literature. Data collection techniques using reading and note-taking techniques. The researcher's data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results in this study are (1) the implementation of social conflicts in the form of an introvert, indifference, self-defense, and nepotism; (2) the cause of the social conflict is the difference in opinion and interests; (3) negative impacts, namely: causing loss of social interaction, harming oneself and others, being labeled ugly in the eyes of others. The positive impact is that it can increase concentration, strengthen yourself from insults, is not easily disturbed by others, and there is an urge to improve yourself. This research is expected to complement the results of previous research on social conflict in literary works and become a reference material for other researchers who want to study the sociology of literature.
Listeria endocarditis and spondylodiscitis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Randrianarisoa Rova Malala Fandresena , RAMANANDAFY Herveat , Mania Alexandre , Benelhadj Assia , Clément Mélissa , Sabbagh Lara , Vernet Pierre , Monjanel Hélène , Trouillier Sébastien
Published: March 2022

A 75-year-old man with an aortic bioprosthesis was admitted with
polyarthritis in a non-febrile setting. Blood cultures were positive for
Listeria monocytogenes. The diagnosis of Listeria endocarditis and
spondylodiscitis was evoked. These are two unusual forms of
listeriosis.The evolution was favourable after antibiotic therapy.
Improving yield of a recombinant biologic in a Brassica hairy root manufacturing process
Authors: Gutierrez-Valdes Noemi , Häkkinen Suvi , Lemasson Camille , Groot Jonas de , Ele-Ekouna Jean-Pierre , Guillet Marina , Cardon Florian , Ritala Anneli
Published: March 2022

Hairy root systems have proven to be a viable alternative for
recombinant protein production. For recalcitrant proteins, maximizing
the productivity of hairy root cultures is essential. The aim of this
study was to optimize a Brassica rapa rapa hairy root process for
secretion of α-L-iduronidase (IDUA), a biologic of medical value. The
process was first optimized with hairy roots expressing eGFP. For the
biomass optimization, the highest biomass yields were achieved in
modified Gamborg B5 culture medium. For the secretion induction, the
optimized secretion media was obtained with additives (1.5g/l PVP +
1mg/l 2,4-D + 20.5g/l KNO ) resulting in 3.4 fold eGFP
secretion when compared to the non-induced control. These optimized
conditions were applied to the IDUA-expressing hairy root clone,
confirming that the highest yields of secreted IDUA occurred when using
the already defined additive combination. The functionality of the IDUA
protein, secreted and intracellular, was confirmed with an enzymatic
activity assay. A >150-fold increase of the IDUA activity
was observed using an optimized secretion medium, compared with a
non-induced medium. We have proven that our B. rapa rapa hairy
root system can be harnessed to secrete recalcitrant proteins,
illustrating the high potential of hairy roots in plant molecular
farming.
Community size structure varies with predator-prey size relationships and temperature across Australian reefs
Authors: Coghlan Amy , Blanchard Julia , Heather Freddie , Stuart-Smith Rick , Edgar Graham , Audzijonyte Asta
Published: March 2022

Climate change and fisheries exploitation are dramatically changing the
species composition, abundances, and size spectra of fish communities.
We explore whether variation in abundance-size spectra, a widely studied
ecosystem feature, is influenced by a critical parameter thought to
govern the shape of size-structured ecosystems—the relationship
between the sizes of predators and their prey (predator-prey mass
ratios, or PPMRs). PPMR estimates are lacking for vast numbers of fish
species, including at the broader trophic guild scale. Using
measurements of 8,128 prey items in gut contents of 97 reef fish
species, we established PPMRs for four major trophic guilds (piscivores,
invertivores, planktivores and herbivores) using linear mixed effects
models. To assess theoretical predictions that higher mean
community-level PPMR leads to shallower size spectrum slopes, we
compared observations of mean community-level PPMR with size spectrum
slopes for coastal reef sites distributed around Australia. PPMRs of
individual fishes were remarkably high (median ~71,000),
with significant variation between different trophic guilds
(~890 for piscivores; ~83,000 for
planktivores), and ~8,700 for whole communities.
Community-level PPMRs were positively related to size spectrum slopes,
broadly consistent with theory, however, this pattern was also
influenced by the latitudinal temperature gradient. Tropical reefs
showed a stronger relationship between community-level PPMRs and
community size spectrum slopes than temperate reefs. The extent that
these patterns apply outside Australia, and consequences for community
structure and dynamics, are key areas for future investigation.
Innovative Methodologies in paediatric drug development: a conect4children (c4c) special issue
Authors: wildt Saskia De , ASSIGNMENTS) Ian Wong (NO NEW
Published: March 2022

In this special issue of the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology,
we highlight innovative methodologies in pediatric drug development.
Women-The Best of Creatures in World: Are They Upholding the Premise?
Authors: Rahman Dr. Akim
Published: March 2022

Women are the best of creatures no matter what part of the world they reside in. However, the premise is being questioned because of the high rise of divorce rates in many parts of the modern- world where humankind behaves with a business mentality in work, life and activities without reservation. In reality, the collapse of marriage is not a sudden event. It happens at an onset moment. It is a process during which various factors lead to a decision- for divorce. The purpose of this study was to build a theory about the process of divorce, which can be suitable to all cultures or faiths without reservation. All factors involved in the process are categorized into two parts: Expectation-factors and Causal-factors. The net profit (NP) staying in the marriage is calculated based on the weight assigned by each spouse for each Expectation-factor. Net-loss (NL) is calculated based on the weight assigned by each spouse for each Causal-factor. The difference between NP and NL guides a spouse or both for a decision on opportunity correcting errors or living separately but no divorce or divorce. The findings of this study can be helpful to professionals gaining better knowledge on extending help for their reunion or smooth divorce approach for the betterment of both.  It can further be helpful to authorities responsible for divorce prevention and improving marriage-relationship by counseling based on the result(s) of this study emphasizing their future plans. It can be helpful recovering wives’ or husbands’ shortcomings without letting the other party knows about them. This framework can be helpful to wives sharpening its qualities, which can be helpful upholding the premise, Women the best of the creature. Thus, the answer to the question posed in the title depends on who we ask.
A Systematic Literature Review for Distinguishing Tax Terms: Equality, Equity, Justice, and Fairness
Authors: Susilawati Neni , Gunadi  , Rahayu Ning
Published: March 2022

The organizational fairness literature is frequently used by fairness scholars to evaluate tax fairness models, conceptions, and measurements, even though tax fairness and tax justice are context-dependent and require further formulation. However, the generalizability of organizational justice studies to other domains and the extent to which context affects justice perceptions remain unknown. There is a dearth of literature that defines the terms tax fairness, tax equity, tax equality, and tax justice accurately. The purpose of this research is to distinguish between the tax phrases "fairness," "equity," "equality," and "justice." Additionally, the author refined the tax words inside the operationalized idea to produce more precise measures for future research. A systematic literature review was conducted as the research method, utilizing the PRISMA research approach and NVivo for qualitative data processing. As a result of the research findings, the phrase "tax fairness," which was previously believed to refer to a lesser degree of tax justice than "tax equity," is now used to refer to tax justice in a broader sense. Tax equity has the most extensive set of characteristics and indicators. Meanwhile, the word "tax justice" refers to a more specialized area of law and procedure, namely tax law. The phrase "tax equity" is included in the indicator "tax fairness," although the term "tax equality" is rarely used in the worldwide tax literature. The more distinct the tax terms, the easier it will be for the tax researcher to use terms like tax fairness, tax justice, tax equity, and tax equality correctly.
Analysis of Road Construction Projects Price Changes in the Selected Phases of their Life-Cycle
Authors: Korytarova Jana , Hanak Tomas
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with an analysis of causes that lead to the change in price (value of construction costs) of road infrastructure projects in selected phases of the building structure life-cycle, more specifically procurement and construction phases, with the aim to refine the price estimation in the Estimated Value determination phase. The sample of regional road construction projects in the South Moravian Region (Czech Republic) documentation forms the basis for the research. The methodological procedure is aimed at monitoring changes in the value of construction costs during the preparation and implementation phase of the construction. Estimated values, contract prices and actual prices of individual projects are compared to determine them and the reasons for their differences are discussed. The changes (decrease) in the values of construction costs determined by estimated value and contract price show the strong influence of the construction market and the interest of construction companies in the implementation of public works contracts in the field of road infrastructure projects. The relative differences range up to 47%. The changes (increase) in construction costs determined by contract price and actual price are much lower, up to 13%, and result from specific situations during the implementation of the construction, for which subsoil bearing capacity problems and material changes were determined as the most significant.
Dark matter mass loss in galaxy flybys: dependence on impact parameter
Authors: Mitrasinovic A.
Published: March 2022

Galaxy flybys, interactions where two independent halos inter-penetrate but detach at a later time and do not merge, occur frequently at lower redshifts. These interactions can significantly impact the evolution of individual galaxies - from the mass loss and shape transformation to the emergence of tidal features and formation of morphological disc structures. The main focus of this paper is on the dark matter mass loss of the secondary, intruder galaxy, with the goal of determining a functional relationship between the impact parameter and dark matter mass loss. Series of N-body simulations of typical galaxy flybys (10:1 mass ratio) with differing impact parameters show that the dark matter halo leftover mass of the intruder galaxy follows a logarithmic growth law with impact parameter, regardless of the way the total halo mass is estimated. The lost mass then, clearly, follows the exponential decay law. The stellar component stretches faster as the impact parameter decreases, following the exponential decay law with impact parameter. Functional dependence on impact parameter in all cases seems universal, but the fitting parameters are likely sensitive to the interaction parameters and initial conditions (e.g. the mass ratio of interacting galaxies, initial relative velocity of the intruder galaxy, interaction duration). While typical flybys, investigated here, could not be the sole culprit behind the formation of ultra-diffuse or dark matter deficient galaxies, they can still contribute significantly. Rare, atypical and stronger flybys are worth further exploring.
Estimating the potential willingness of the state to use military force based on the Sugeno fuzzy integral
Authors: Sveshnikov Sergey , Bocharnikov Victor , Pavlikovsky Anatoly , Prima Andrey
Published: March 2022

Estimation of the potential willingness of the state to use military force is an integral part of the analysis of international relations and the preparation of key decisions in in security sphere. Our problem was to develop a method for numerically estimating the potential willingness of any state to use military force. This method should take into account a large number of quantitative and qualitative criteria, the uncertainty of their relationships, as well as the uncertainty of the initial data, some of which can only be obtained with the help of experts. Our analysis has shown that the known methods have a number of serious shortcomings. We proposed to solve this problem based on the representation of partial estimations of states in the form of fuzzy sets, and the importance of criteria in the form of a fuzzy measure. We also proposed to aggregate the partial estimations using the Sugeno fuzzy integral. We developed a hierarchical structure of estimation criteria, determined the importance of the criteria, built an observation channel based on the Harrington curve to obtain input estimations, and also developed an aggregation algorithm. As a result, we calculated estimations for 137 states and examined their potential willingness to use military force. The results disclose new aspects of using fuzzy-integral calculus to construct hierarchical models of multi-criteria estimating, and also demonstrate the possibility of using artificial intelligence methods to obtain numerical estimations in the sphere of international relations.
Association between malocclusion and articulation of phonemes in early childhood
Authors: Amr-Rey Omaya , Sánchez-Delgado Purificación , Salvador-Palmer Rosario , Cibrián Rosa , Paredes-Gallardo Vanessa
Published: March 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the relationship between dental malocclusion and speech to understand the etiology of speech sound disorders (SSD) in schoolchildren and to make a correct diagnosis and treatment plan.

Materials and Methods

Articulation and dental occlusion, oromyofunctional evaluation with orofacial praxis and musculature, resting tongue position, and swallowing pattern were analyzed in 290 schoolchildren between the ages of 4 and 7 years. Statistical tests were considered significant for P < .05.

Results

A significant association between dental malocclusions (Angle Class II and III, anterior open bite, edge-to-edge bite, overjet and anterior crossbite) and phonetic alterations (P = .008) was observed. Sigmatisms and rhotacisms were the most frequent disorders. Malocclusions also showed a significant association with oral habits and with orofacial praxis and muscle activity.

Conclusions

The presence of malocclusion can cause imbalances in the functions involved in the stomatognathic system. Awareness of this relationship in young children would help professionals to implement preventive measures for the optimum development of children's oral health.
GLP-1RAs for Ischemic Stroke Prevention in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Without Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Yang Yi-Sun , Chen Hsin-Hung , Huang Chien-Ning , Hsu Chung Y. , Hu Kai-Chieh , Kao Chia-Hung
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on ischemic stroke prevention in the Asian population with type 2 diabetes (T2D) without established cardiovascular disease.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This retrospective cohort study examined data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for the period from 1998 to 2018. The follow-up ended upon the occurrence of hospitalization for ischemic stroke. The median follow-up period was 3 years. The effect of GLP-1RA exposure time on the development of hospitalization for ischemic stroke was assessed.

RESULTS

The GLP-1RA and non–GLP-1RA user groups both included 6,534 patients. Approximately 53% of the patients were women, and the mean age was 49 ± 12 years. The overall risk of ischemic stroke hospitalization for GLP-1RA users was not significantly lower than that for GLP-1RA nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.69 [95% CI 0.47–1.00]; P = 0.0506), but GLP-1RA users with a >251-day supply during the study period had a significantly lower risk of ischemic stroke hospitalization than GLP-1RA nonusers (adjusted HR 0.28 [95% CI 0.11–0.71]). Higher cumulative dose of GLP-1 RAs (>1,784 mg) was associated with significantly lower risk of ischemic stroke hospitalization. The subgroup analyses defined by various baseline features did not reveal significant differences in the observed effect of GLP-1RAs.

CONCLUSIONS

Longer use and higher dose of GLP-1 RAs were associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke among Asian patients with T2D who did not have established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, but who did have dyslipidemia or hypertension.