bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixed forced, parametric, and self-oscillations with nonideal energy source and lagging forces
Authors:   Blagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of RAS, Alifov Alishir
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of retarded forces in elasticity and damping on the dynamics of mixed forced, parametric, and self-oscillations in a system with limited excitation. A mechanical frictional self-oscillating system driven by a limited-power engine was used as a model. Methods. In this work, to solve the nonlinear differential equations of motion of the system under consideration, the method of direct linearization is used, which differs from the known methods of nonlinear mechanics in ease of use and very low labor and time costs. This is especially important from the point of view of calculations when designing real devices. Results. The characteristic of the friction force that causes self-oscillations, represented by a general polynomial function, is linearized using the method of direct linearization of nonlinearities. Using the same method, solutions of the differential equations of motion of the system are constructed, equations are obtained for determining the nonstationary values of the amplitude, phase of oscillations and the speed of the energy source. Stationary motions are considered, as well as their stability by means of the Routh–Hurwitz criteria. Performed calculations obtained information about the effect of delays on the dynamics of the system. Conclusion. Calculations have shown that delays shift the amplitude curves to the right and left, up and down on the amplitude–frequency plane, change their shape, and affect the stability of motion.
Periodic modes of group dominance in fully coupled neural networks
Authors:   Yaroslavl State University, Glyzin Sergey , Kolesov Andrey ,   Yaroslavl State University
Published: September 2021

Nonlinear systems of differential equations with delay, which are mathematical models of fully connected networks of impulse neurons, are considered. Purpose of this work is to study the dynamic properties of one special class of solutions to these systems. Large parameter methods are used to study the existence and stability in сonsidered models of special periodic motions – the so-called group dominance or k-dominance modes, where k ∈ N. Results. It is shown that each such regime is a relaxation cycle, exactly k components of which perform synchronous impulse oscillations, and all other components are asymptotically small. The maximum number of stable coexisting group dominance cycles in the system with an appropriate choice of parameters is 2m − 1, where m is the number of network elements. Conclusion. Considered model with maximum possible number of couplings allows us to describe the most complex and diverse behavior that may be observed in biological neural associations. A feature of the k-dominance modes we have considered is that some of the network neurons are in a non-working (refractory) state. Each periodic k-dominance mode can be associated with a binary vector (α1, α2, . . . , αm), where αj = 1 if the j-th neuron is active and αj = 0 otherwise. Taking this into account, we come to the conclusion that these modes can be used to build devices with associative memory based on artificial neural networks.
Dynamics of an artificial recurrent neural network for the problem of modeling a cognitive function
Authors:   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslennikov Oleg
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this work is to build an artificial recurrent neural network whose activity models a cognitive function relating to the comparison of two vibrotactile stimuli coming with a delay and to analyze dynamic mechanisms underlying its work. Methods of the work are machine learning, analysis of spatiotemporal dynamics and phase space. Results. Activity of the trained recurrent neural network models a cognitive function of the comparison of two stimuli with a delay. Model neurons exhibit mixed selectivity during the course of the task. In the multidimensional activity, the components are found each of which depends on a certain task parameter. Conclusion. The training of the artificial neural network to perform the funciton analogous to the experimentally observed process is accompanied by the emergence of dynamic properties of model neurons which are similar to those found in the experiment.
Analysis of Bancarization Through Sofware as a Process of Financial Inclusion in Chimborazo
Authors: Puente M. , Gavilánez O. , Arias I.
Published: September 2021

In a globalized world, one of the most important measures of economic development is financial inclusion that defines a fundamental element that guarantees access to financial products and services by the most vulnerable population; The purpose of this research was to analyze the levels of banking in the province of Chimborazo, which is equivalent to financial deepening through loans and deposits in addition to financial density. The research approach was quantitative, the deductive analytical method evaluated to evaluated nd study the specific financial deepening data based on the VAB (gross value added, deposits and loans), the method of applying linear models through the use of the Gretl 19 software can investigate the existing correlation of financial inclusion against placements and deposits, in addition to the application of financial density. According to the results obtained, it is concluded that there is a positive incidence of fundraising and placement at the level of financial depth, however, the factor that has the greatest influence on depth from any perspective is the provincial gross value added, which allowed to infer that The greater the gross value added, the greater the financial deepening in order to encourage investment in productive business activities.
Keywords: financial inclusion, banking, software, Chimborazo.
Resumen
En un mundo globalizado, una de las medidas más importantes del desarrollo económico es la inclusión financiera que define un elemento fundamental que garantiza el acceso a productos y servicios financieros por la población más vulnerable; la presente investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar los niveles de bancarización como un proceso de inclusión financiera en la provincia de Chimborazo, considerando tanto profundización financiera a través de colocaciones y captaciones además de la densidad financiera. El enfoque de la investigación fue cuantitativo, el método analítico deductivo permitió evaluar y estudiar los datos obtenidos de profundización financiera en función del VAB (valor agregado bruto, captaciones y colocaciones), se aplicó modelos lineales mediante el uso del software Gretl 19 permitiendo investigar la correlación existente de la inclusión financiera frente a colocaciones y captaciones, además la aplicación de la densidad financiera. Según resultados obtenidos se concluyó que existe una incidencia positiva de las captaciones y colocaciones en el nivel de profundización financiera, sin embargo, el factor que tiene mayor influencia en la profundización desde cualquier perspectiva es el valor agregado bruto provincial, lo cual permitió inferir que, a mayor valor agregado bruto, mayor profundización financiera con el fin de fomentar la inversión en actividades productivas empresariales.
Palabras clave: inclusión financiera, bancarización, software, Chimborazo.
Intelligent Transport Systems: Different Applications for Land Transport
Authors: Miguel Toalombo-Vargas Víctor
Published: September 2021

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) have been developing since the fifties. Currently they represent a need in the management of large cities and their development is constant considering the current advantages offered by communication technologies. This research addresses some generalities to be taken into account when developing intelligent transport systems, as well as the most significant applications that have been given to them, focusing on urban and interurban land transport. The analysis was based on a bibliographic documentary research method and the result covers the most relevant considerations according to the aforementioned research. Among the main observations of the results highlights the ability to economize offered by ITS, as an alternative to infrastructure and transport systems that may be obsolete without the application of ITS. The amount of data generated from STIs currently represent the basis for future projects, since the interpretation of these data and their proper management provide effective solutions to transport problems that are increasingly present due to population growth. Finally, the search for economy and sustainability, as well as security in the transportation systems that can be achieved through the implementation of ITS, is indicated.
Keywords: ITS, user, driver, pedestrian, transport administration, transport management, road safety.
Resumen
Los sistemas de transporte inteligente (ITS, por sus siglas en inglés), se han venido desarrollando desde la década de los cincuenta. En la actualidad representan una necesidad en la gestión de grandes ciudades y su desarrollo es constante considerando las ventajas actuales que ofrecen las tecnologías de comunicación. La presente investigación aborda algunas generalidades a tener en cuenta al momento de desarrollar sistemas de transporte inteligente, así como las aplicaciones más significativas que se les ha dado, enfocando el transporte terrestre urbano e interurbano. El análisis se basó en un método de investigación documental bibliográfico y el resultado abarca las consideraciones más relevantes de acuerdo con las investigaciones citadas. Entre las principales observaciones de los resultados destaca la capacidad de economizar que ofrecen las ITS, como una alternativa a sistemas de infraestructura y transporte que pueden ser obsoletas sin la aplicación de ITS. La cantidad de datos que se generan de las ITS representan en la actualidad la base para futuros proyectos, ya que la interpretación de estos datos y su adecuada gestión brindan salidas eficaces a problemas de transporte que se presentan cada vez con mayor intensidad debido al crecimiento demográfico. Finalmente, se señala la búsqueda de economía y sustentabilidad, así como seguridad en los sistemas de transporte que pueden lograrse a través de la implementación de ITS.
Palabras clave: ITS, usuario, conductor, peatón, administración de transporte, gestión de transporte, seguridad vial.
Characterization of the Japanese Management Technique 5S. Polytechnic Dining Room Case
Authors: Izurieta M. , Miño G. , Vallejo D.
Published: September 2021

This research aimed to characterize the Japanese 5S management technique, using a case study of the Polytechnic Dining Room, given that in this unit you can apply the 5S technique without any problem, and improve quality, productivity and competitiveness. Several elements were examined including the existence of work material, procedures for eliminating unnecessary materials, location of work materials, cleaning of work areas, standardization of processes, use of uniforms, and protective equipment, among others. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. A documentary research instrument was applied, using a Likert scale with ordinal variables. According to the results, those that obtained the highest rating of 7 were as follows: Seiris (classification) 25%, Seiton (Order) 36%, Seiso (Cleaning) 32%, Seiketsu (Standardization) 36%, and Shitsuke (Maintenance) 57%. Therefore, we conclude that in Shitsuke there was greater employee commitment, and Seiri obtained the lowest qualification.
Keywords: 5S, quality improvement, productivity, competitiveness.
Resumen
Con la finalidad de conocer los elementos innecesarios, existencia de material de trabajo, procedimientos de eliminación de materiales innecesarios, ubicación de materiales de trabajo, limpieza de áreas de trabajo, estandarización de procesos, utilización de uniformes, equipo de protección entre otros, la presente investigación tienen el objetivo de caracterizar la técnica de gestión japonesa 5S, caso Comedor Politécnico, considerando que en esta dependencia puede aplicar sin ninguna problema la técnica 5S, mejorar la calidad, su productividad y competitividad; la investigación tiene un enfoque cualicuantitativo, con un método analítico sintético con un nivel de investigación exploratorio, descriptivo, se aplica un instrumento de investigación documental, de escala con variables ordinales, utilizando la escala Likert, método inductivo empírico de información primaria, en la cual se obtiene la siguientes conclusiones obteniendo la calificación más alta de 7, en lo referente Seiri (clasificación) 25%, Seiton ( Orden)36%, Seiso (Limpieza) 32%, Seiketsu (Estandarización) 36%, Shitsuke ( Mantenimiento) 57%, de esta manera de concluye que en Shitsuke donde existe mayor compromiso de los empleados, y en Seiri es la que menor calificación se obtiene.
Palabras clave: 5S, mejora de la calidad, productividad, competitividad.
Obtaining Protein Hydrolyzates By-products of Agaricus Bisporus
Authors: Renato Inca-Torres Alberto , Urbina-Salazar Anabell , Inca-Torres Valeria , Bautista Juan
Published: September 2021

The mushroom industry generates non-marketable by-products that are not used or misused, these by-products are rich in protein and other beneficial compounds for health. Currently there is great interest in products rich in protein from agro-industrial waste, in this study was used mushroom by-products to obtain protein concentrates and isolates in order to improve functional properties, using a biotechnological process based on the use of proteases, with an effective approach for the maximum recovery of the components, maintaining their quality and effectiveness. It was used 4 different proteases (Alcalasa®, Flavourzyme®, Papain and Bioprotease LA-450) to determine which of them is most effective, the most efficient proteases that lead to a higher hydrolysis degree is used Bioprotease LA-450 and Alcalasa® (6.65 ± 0.6 and 6.21 ± 0.9) respectively, obtaining a higher amount of solubilized products (46.3 ± 3.6% and 41.7 ± 3%), as well as the Bioprotease LA-450, who presents a higher content of total proteins (51. 9 ± 4.8). This hydrolyzate, due to its composition: rich in amino acids, oligopeptides and peptides, can be used as a biofertilizer in agronomy, and as a nutraceutical or nutricosmetic in food or cosmetics.
Keywords: Agaricus bisporus, Enzymes, Protein hydrolysates, By-product.
Resumen
La industria del champiñón genera subproductos no comercializables que no se utilizan o mal utilizan, estos subproductos son ricos en proteínas y otros compuestos beneficiosos para la salud. Actualmente existe gran interés en los productos ricos en proteína provenientes de residuos agroindustriales, en este estudio se utilizó los subproductos del champiñón para obtener concentrados y aislados de proteínas con el fin de mejorar las propiedades funcionales, utilizando un proceso biotecológico basado en el uso de proteasas, con un enfoque efectivo para la recuperación máxima de los componentes, manteniendo su calidad y efectividad. Se usó 4 diferentes proteasas (Alcalasa®, Flavourzyme®, Papaína y Bioproteasa LA-450) para determinar cuál de ellas es la más efectiva, las proteasas más eficientes que conducen a un mayor grado de hidrólisis es cuando se utilizan la Bioproteasa LA-450 y la Alcalasa® (6,65 ± 0,6 y 6,21 ± 0,9) respectivamente, obteniéndose mayor cantidad de productos solubilizados (46,3 ± 3,6% y 41,7 ± 3%), así como la Bioproteasa LA-450 que presenta mayor contenido de proteínas totales (51,9±4,8). Este hidrolizado debido a su composición: rico en aminoácidos, oligopéptidos y péptidos puede ser utilizado como biofertilizante en agronomía, y nutracéutico o nutricosmético en alimentación o cosmética.
Palabras Clave: Agaricus bisporus, Enzimas, Hidrolizados proteicos, Subproducto.
Automated Weighing System for the Health Care of Guinea Pigs (Cavia Porcellus)
Authors: Barco-Jiménez J. , Martínez M. , Solarte A. L.
Published: September 2021

It is estimated that in Nariño (Colombia) there are 20,000 small guinea pig farms, which provide livelihoods for thousands of families and generate monthly transactions of a thousand million Colombian pesos. This sector has a trend of constant growth. However, the production of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) is done by hand due to the lack of technification of this sector. A problem identified in the breeding of these animals is weight loss, which can be caused by injuries in the traditional weighing process. In this process, the animal is immobilized and manually taken to the scale, which can cause injuries, stress, weight variations, reduced mobility and, in the worst cases, death. Being aware that these problems could be solved through technology, this article presents the design of an automated weighing and identification system that allows producers to carry out the weighing process without human intervention, with the purpose of safeguarding the animal’s health. The article also discusses the parameter design and information about guinea pigs, from a structural and operative point of view. Some experimental results are shown which gave rise to a patent. Finally, conclusions about the reach and use of the device are presented.
Keywords: automated weighing system, RFID tagging, guinea pigs, Cavia porcellus.
RESUMEN
Se estima que en Nariño (Colombia) existen 20.000 criaderos pequeños de cuyes que son la base económica de miles de familias los cuales producen transacciones mensuales por mil millones de pesos colombianos. Un sector que está en constante crecimiento. Sin embargo, la producción de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) se realiza de forma artesanal debido a la falta de tecnificación. Una problemática identificada en la cría de estos animales es la pérdida de peso que puede ocasionarse por lesiones causadas en el pesaje de forma tradicional. En este proceso, el animal es inmovilizando y llevado manualmente hacia la báscula, lo que puede ocasionar lesiones, reducción de movilidad y hasta la muerte. Conscientes que dichas problemáticas podrían solucionarse a través de la tecnología, en este artículo se plantea el diseño de un sistema de pesaje e identificación automatizado que permita a los productores realizar el proceso de pesaje sin intervención humana, con el propósito de mantener el estado de salud del animal. Para esto se presenta la información recopilada y parámetros establecidos para realizar el diseño, desde un punto de vista estructural y operativo. Además, se presentan algunos resultados experimentales que dieron origen a una Patente del dispositivo, y finalmente algunas conclusiones sobre el alcance y uso del dispositivo propuesto.
Palabras claves: sistema de pesaje automatizado, identificación RFID, cuyes de granja, Cavia porcellus.
Editorial
Authors: Salgado T. Ing. Iván
Published: September 2021

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Vaje in naloge iz slovnice in pravopisa v učnem e-okolju Slovenščina na dlani
Authors: Antloga Špela , Zalokar Andreja , Valh Lopert Alenka , Pulko Simona , Šek Polonca , Verdonik Darinka
Published: September 2021

Uspešna zasnova vaj in nalog za preverjanje znanja iz slovnice in pravopisa v e-okolju zahteva premislek o vsebinah in tematikah, ki bodo zajete v vajah in nalogah, o vključevanju tipov nalog, ki so premalo zastopani v tradicionalnem poučevanju in hkrati primerni za e-okolje, ter o strategiji vrednotenja (ocenjevanja) znanja in napredovanja pri usvajanju znanja v računalniško podprtem ocenjevanju. Poleg tega je treba upoštevati individualne razlike med učenci, tj. različne načine spoznavanja, različne učne tipe, potrebe, motivacijo, predhodno znanje in izkušnje. Uspešnost pri reševanju nalog je odvisna tudi od dostopnosti dodatne podpore, kot so namigi ob nalogah ter ustrezne razlage.
Pripovedovanje na daljavo – iz teorije v prakso
Authors: Baloh Barbara , Padovan Renata
Published: September 2021

V času epidemije covida-19 smo razmišljali o didaktičnih pristopih in podpornih strategijah poučevanja na daljavo in jih nekaj tudi oblikovali ter preizkusili. Pri tem je pomembno, da se zavedamo različnih možnosti, prednosti in slabosti rabe IKT v didaktične namene za doseganje kurikularnih ciljev. V prispevku so predstavljeni pristopi in praktični primeri spodbujanja pripovedovalne zmožnosti na daljavo, ki izkoriščajo danosti digitalne dobe. IKT namreč nedvomno predstavlja prožno obliko učenja in poučevanja, ki je odzivno na učenčeve potrebe in njegove močne strani, ki mu ponuja izbiro o načinu, okolju in času učenja z namenom spodbujanja motivacije in vztrajnosti.
„Jak żywa” to "uniwersalny komunał"? O nieoczywistych związkach prozopopei z ekfrazą w powieści Portret Pierre’a Assouline’a
Authors: Dynkowska Julia
Published: September 2021

Ekfraza – literacka deskrypcja dzieła sztuki – nie jest, rzecz jasna, wyłącznie dokładnym opisem artefaktu; często dotyczy również tego, czego na obrazie nie ma. W ekfrazach dzieła sztuki ulegają czasem swoistemu „ożywieniu” – narratywizacji namalowanych scen, a także uzupełnieniu ich o przed- i „poakcje” czy też o wyobrażone wypowiedzi przedstawionych postaci. Artykuł dotyczy specyficznej formy takich literackich „ożywień”, czyli tekstów, których autorzy, wykorzystując prozopopeję, oddali głos bohaterom obrazów oraz świadomym swej sztuczności (i eksponującym ją) obrazom-przedmiotom. Ciekawym (i rozbudowanym) przykładem zastosowania prozopopei jest powieść Portret P. Assouline’a. Narrację prowadzi w niej namalowana przez J.A.D. Ingres’a Betty de Rothschild. W artykule omawiam sposób i sens zastosowania tej figury retorycznej w powieści Assouline’a i zastanawiam się nad tym, czy każdy tekst literacki, w którym narratorem (dzięki prozopopei) czyni się postać z obrazu, można nazwać ekfrazą.
Interaktywne słuchowisko „Alicja 0700” jako dzieło po wielokroć otwarte. Analiza i interpretacja
Authors: Matusiak Eliza
Published: September 2021

Sztuka audialna ewoluuje wraz ze zmianami technologicznymi. Słuchowisko staje się formą interaktywną z pogranicza gatunków. Audialny spektakl interaktywny wykorzystuje język właściwy tradycyjnej sztuce radiowej, który zostaje oparty o hipertekstualny system relacji danych. Pozwala to na stworzenie nie tylko nowego rodzaju dzieła fonicznego, ale także wielu nowych, wariantywnych dróg odsłuchu i interpretacji. Artykuł za swój cel obiera prezentację interaktywnego dzieła audialnego Alicja 0700, jego cech i wyróżników genologicznych w kontekście pojęcia „dzieła otwartego”. Autorka za swą metodę badawczą wybrała analizę.
Variable Interest Entity Structure as a Form of Investment Undertaken by Chinese Companies on Foreign Stock Exchanges
Authors: Cieślik Sylwia
Published: September 2021

The aim of the article: The purpose of this article is to discuss theoretical issues concerning the nature of the Variable Interest Entity (VIE) structure and to analyze the scale and functioning of companies using this structure to issue securities on foreign exchanges. The main research hypothesis was that the VIE structure is widely used by Chinese companies to issue securities on international stock exchanges. Methodology: The basis of the research material are academic articles, reports of institutions and corporations, journal articles and other sources, as well as statistical data of companies collected on stock exchanges. Through analysis of stock market data, the authors sought to identify the number of companies operating under the VIE structure and determine the amount of capital invested on the largest international stock exchanges. Results of the research: Empirical research indicates that the VIE structure is used by Chinese companies operating in sectors of the Chinese economy restricted by the authorities in order to issue securities, and thus raise the necessary capital for further development. The results indicate the large amount of accumulated capital, the huge number of entities involved in their operation, as well as the high risk associated with the investment.
Komentarz na kanwie Uchwały Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego I FPS 1/21 – sądowa kontrola instrumentalnego wszczęcia postępowania karnego skarbowego a prawo do sądu
Authors: Szymacha Adam , Rogalski Kamil
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The presented article focuses on a new resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court I FPS 1/21. In this resolution an assessment of instrumental initiation of criminal fiscal proceedings in order to suspend the running of the limitation period of a tax liability has been undertaken. The Supreme Administrative Court assessed that administrative courts have the right to examine the legitimacy of initiation of such proceedings. This position is important insofar as it also touches upon the issue of the right to a fair trial, as well as the right to property and legal certainty. The main aim of this article is to check the impact of this resolution on described fundamental rights.

Methodology: This article will use the comparative law method. Especially the case law of different courts will be shown. The dogmatic-legal method will also be used as an auxiliary.

Results of the research: This resolution is crucial for the fundamental right for fail trial. It has also impact on the right to property and principle of legal certainity. It may also be some element that strengthens the rule of law.
Teren: model do składania. Próba etnopoetycka
Authors: Wróblewski Filip
Published: September 2021

The article is an attempt to answer the question about the status of field and empirical data in the context of the research carried out on the basis of cultural anthropology. The text consists of two parts. The first is filled by quotations from diaries and field notes written by the Author during his research on the history of Polish anthropology after 1945. These fragments, similar to aphorisms, have been arranged in the form of an ethno-poem. Out of such mosaic of meanings and different points of view emerges a picture of internal diversity of the category fundamental for the practice of anthropology. The second part is an approximation of the concept of an ethno-poem as a tool for analysis and interpretation. The author shows here how the aphoristic excerpts presented earlier can serve breaking the „notes taboo”, which is a kind of self-censorship in anthropological literature.
TRABECULAR BONE SCORE – A NON-INVASIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD TO EVALUATE BONE QUALITY BASED ON ROUTINE DUAL-ENERGY ABSORPTIOMETRY. PERSPECTIVES OF ITS USE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Tsoriev T. T. , Belaya Zh. E. , Mel'nichenko G. A.
Published: September 2021

Two-dimensional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, osteodensitometry) is currently considered as the gold standard for diagnosis of osteoporosis. However, despite good operational characteristics, this type of investigation cannot help to assess bone microarchitecture and the degree of its derangement in osteoporosis. Therefore, trabecular bone score (TBS) has been developed as a  non-invasive method of indirect description of bone microarchitecture based on data derived from a  standard DXA of the lumbar spine. Not being a direct mapping of the physical measurements of trabecular microarchitecture, TBS nevertheless shows a positive correlation with quantitative values obtained from micro-computed tomography and high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, i.e. with the bone volume fraction, junction density, trabecular numbers and their disintegration. There is also an association between the ability of the bone tissue to resist stress in experimental studies ex vivo and TBS measurement. Due to TBS, there is a possibility to detect bone microarchitecture impairment even in individuals with normal bone mineral density (BMD), i.e. higher TBS values correlate with improved bone microstructure, whereas a  reduced TBS shows its deterioration. Limitation of TBS use are primarily related to the DXA image quality: image faults caused either by technical reasons or by too low or too high body mass index can lead to an overestimation/underestimation of the index. Assessment of the lumbar TBS has been repeatedly performed in cross-sectional and prospective studies in representative patient samples (mainly postmenopausal women) and significant numbers of healthy subjects, and proved to be a predictor (independent of BMD) of fracture risk. An evaluation of the possibility to use TBS for early diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis (related to various endocrine disorders)  would be of great interest, as BMD, as known from clinical practice, is not always a  reliable measurement of the bone endurance, especially in diabetes, steroid osteoporosis and acromegaly.  The use of TBS along with BMD as a  marker of efficacy of current treatment for secondary osteoporosis is also possible, but it is not yet evidence-based; therefore, research has to be continued.
Evaluation of Clinico-physiological Effects of Ketamine Alone and in Combination with Dexmedetomidine or Butorphanol in Atropinized Dogs
Authors: Verma K.K. , Tiwari S.K. , Dewangan Rukmani , Sharda Raju , Yadav Devendra
Published: September 2021

Background: Ketamine is rarely used alone because of its association with poor muscle relaxation, tachycardia, catalepsy or muscle rigidity and therefore commonly used in combination with alpha 2 agonist or opioid to minimize the untoward effects. The aim of the present anaesthetic study was to evaluate the clinico-physiological effects of ketamine alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine or butorphanol for inducing adequate anaesthesia in dogs. Methods: The present anaesthetic study was conducted on 18 (eighteen) healthy dogs of either sex and randomly divided into three groups (K, DK and BK) with six animals in each group. Atropine sulphate @ 0.04 mg/ kg was administered intramuscularly 15 minutes prior to anaesthetic study to all the animals. In group K, ketamine HCl alone was administered @ 5 mg/kg by slow i/v and kept as control. In group DK and BK, after administration of atropine sulphate 15 minutes later dexmedetomidine @ 10 µg/kg i/m and butorphanol @ 0.2 mg/kg i/m were administered respectively. Ten minutes later ketamine HCl was administered @ 5 mg/kg slowly intravenously in both group DK and BK to induce surgical stage of general anaesthesia. The following clinical parameters were recorded viz., onset of sedation, onset of anaesthesia, degree of analgesia, extent of muscle relaxation, duration of anaesthesia and complete recovery. The physiological parameters (rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate) were recorded before anaesthetic study at 0 min. and at 10 minutes after preanaesthetic administration and then at 10, 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after ketamine anaesthesia. All the data were analyzed using SPSS v 15.0 statistics software program and presented as mean±Standard Error. Result: The onset of sedation was quicker in group DK followed by group K and BK. Duration of anaesthesia and complete recovery in group DK was significantly (p less than 0.01) longer than in group K and BK. The degree of analgesia was excellent in group DK and good in group K and BK. The extent of muscle relaxation was excellent in group DK, good in group BK and was poor in group K. The physiological parameters showed transient changes which compensated and remained within normal range during the observation period. The above anaesthetic study suggests that ketamine in combination with dexmedetomidine or butorphanol can be safely used for inducing adequate anaesthesia in dogs. However, dexmedetomidine-ketamine can be used safely for longer duration of surgical procedures in dogs.
Effect of Potassium and Zinc Nutrition on Growth and Yield of Short Duration Maize (Zea mays L.) under Dryland Vertisols
Authors: Bhattacharjee Subhradip , Bhale V.M. , Kumar Pramod , Kumar Rakesh
Published: September 2021

Background: The black soils (vertisols) are often considered to be high in potassium content however; under intensive cultivation of high nutrient demanding crop like maize; the soil available potassium might not be sufficient to fulfil the demand. Moreover; the interaction between potassium and micronutrients like zinc has to evaluated for higher crop yield under dryland condition. Methods: The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD design with two factors, i.e., potassium (K) and zinc (Zn), with three levels of each (K1- 30 kg K2O ha-1, K2- 60 kg K2O ha-1, K3- 90 kg K2O ha-1; Zn1- 20 kg ZnSO4 ha-1, Zn2- 30 kg ZnSO4 ha-1 and Zn3- 40 kg ZnSO4 ha-1). Result: Statistical interpretation of experimental data revealed that application of potassium at 60 kg K2O ha-1 and 30 kg of ZnSO4 ha-1 resulted improved plant height, number of functional leaves plants-1, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, grain yield, stover yield and shelling percentage in maize. Interestingly positive interaction has also been recorded between potassium and zinc nutrition.
Optimización económica para el cultivo de papa, zanahoria y cebolla en Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Barboza-Navarro David , Solórzano-Thompson Johanna , Paniagua-Molina Javier
Published: September 2021

La producción de papa, cebolla y zanahoria es de gran importancia económica en la zona norte de la provincia de Cartago. Por esta razón es necesario procurar la optimización de las tierras agrícolas que permita programar la oferta y cumplir con las necesidades y condiciones del mercado nacional. En este estudio se optimizó la rentabilidad anual de sembrar 2,34 hectáreas de papa, cebolla y zanahoria, mediante un modelo de programación lineal. Este trabajo se llevó a cabo durante el primer semestre de 2019 con productores de la zona y se utilizaron datos de fuentes primarias de instituciones relacionadas con el sector agrícola. Se aplicaron dos escenarios de optimización de la función de rentabilidad a partir de restricciones de área aprovechable, capacidad de mercado y presupuesto. En ambos escenarios fue posible optimizar la función de rentabilidad con toda la tierra aprovechable, se respetó el rezago de los ciclos de cultivo y se utilizó el menor presupuesto disponible. La optimización de la rentabilidad de cada cultivo permitió entender el comportamiento de siembra de los productores para obtener la mayor utilización de los recursos, la mejor distribución de siembra y la mayor rentabilidad posible.
Determinación del caudal ambiental mediante una metodología hidrobiológica, considerando variables de cambio climático en el río Pejibaye, Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Watson-Hernández Fernando , Chavarría-Pizarro Laura , Quesada-Alvarado Francisco , Guzmán-Arias Isabel
Published: September 2021

En Costa Rica el caudal ambiental se calcula como un 10% del aforo caudal medio del río. Este porcentaje ha carecido de fundamento científico en relación con las condiciones fluviales aptas para preservar los ecosistemas presentes en los cauces. Las concesiones de agua para los diferentes usos han provocado un impacto ambiental que se ve reflejado en las condiciones de disponibilidad del recurso hídrico y en las condiciones fisicoquímicas y ecológicas de los cauces. Este estudio responde a la ruta de investigación que busca la selección y validación en campo de diferentes metodologías para obtener el caudal ambiental requerido en una fuente de agua superficial. En este caso, el estudio está centrado en la adaptación y validación de una metodología hidrobiológica de cálculo del régimen de caudal ambiental en la cuenca del río Pejibaye en Jiménez de Cartago. Se utilizaron series de datos históricas de variables hidrológicas para analizar la condición actual y proyectada a futuro, se seleccionaron especies de macroinvertebrados y peces que permitieran evaluar la calidad de los ecosistemas asociados, finalmente se establecieron los parámetros hidráulicos de preferencia de hábitat para definir el régimen de caudal ambiental actual, cuyos resultados revelan un comportamiento de estacionalidad, el cual se acentúa en la proyección a futuro. Se determinó que el género de insecto Anacroneuria y la especie de pez G. nudus, son los mejores para determinar caudales ambientales.
Female Education and Contraceptives Use in Nigeria
Authors: Olayiwola Saheed O. , Kazeem Bayo L.O. , Kum Fuein, Vera
Published: September 2021

Contraceptive use is considered important for protecting women’s health and rights, influencing fertility and population growth. This study examined the impact of female education on the use of contraceptives and fertility rate in Nigeria using 2013 and 2018 cohorts of Demography and Health Survey Data. The survey covers women ages 15 to 49 years. The study shows that women’s education, income level, and cultural value are important in explaining women’s reproductive behaviour. The results reveal that female education has a positive significant effect on contraceptives use and a significant negative effect on fertility rate. The contraceptives use and fertility models show that the effects become stronger with an increase in the level of education. Notably, the study shows no significant difference in the behavioural pattern of the factors that influenced contraceptive use and fertility rate in the 2013 and 2018 cohorts of demography and health survey data. The study concludes that female education is vital in encouraging the use of contraceptives and controlling the fertility rate. Hence, the government should invest more in women education to increase women's use of contraceptives, control fertility, and population growth, protect women's health and stimulate sustainable economic development.
The Role of Posters Written in Indigenous Languages in Disseminating Health-Awareness Information within the Far North Region of Cameroon
Authors: Tasah James N.
Published: September 2021

It is an established fact that the majority of the illiterate population in Cameroon, in general, and in the Far North Region in particular are excluded from life-saving information because of illiteracy. Since all important information is usually communicated only in official languages, most illiterate men and women are not only ignorant of vital information on different issues affecting their lives, but are also vulnerable to diseases. This paper posits that combating health epidemics is more effective through the use of imageassociated sensitization posters written in minority languages than through sensitization messages transmitted through official languages. It argues that posters written in indigenous languages are not only culturally relevant and well accepted by community members, but also enhance and facilitate respondents’ understanding of health issues. The findings from this work obtained through the administration of questionnaires revealed that the percentages of the illiterate respondents who understand image-based posters in the MT is significantly higher than those who claimed to understand imagebased posters in French. On the basis of the findings, the government and NonGovernmental Organizations (NGOs) are strongly encouraged to ensure that important health-related information should be presented in picture-based posters, flyers or brochures in the MT.
Screencast Video Feedback and its Implication on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Writing
Authors: Pachuashvili Nato
Published: September 2021

Providing feedback to students’ written work has always been a challenging experience for English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and learners. High-quality feedback promotes students’ engagement in learning processes and enhances writing performance. Traditional written corrective feedback has often been criticized for not being able to achieve its purpose. 21st-century technological development brought the necessity to provide audio and video feedback through screencast technology. The letter enables EFL teachers to provide multimodal feedback by recording the teacher’s screen while commenting on a student’s written work. Although there have been some studies conducted in the field of oral feedback via screencast, video feedback is still relatively new in many educational settings. For this reason, the paper aims to provide a brief overview of screencast video feedback, potential affordances and challenges faced by EFL teachers and learners. For this article, recent research studies have been collected to review the use of screencast feedback in EFL class and discuss its implications on EFL students’ writing. Furthermore, the paper provides an overview of the most widely-used screencast software in educational settings and concludes with some practical guidelines for the effective implementation of screencast technology.
INTEGRALISTIK-INTERKONEKTIF PENDIDIKAN SALAF DAN KHALAF PONDOK PESANTREN TEBUIRENG JOMBANG
Authors: Walid Moch. Khoirul
Published: September 2021

Along with the development of the education system in Indonesia, pesantren are classified into two parts, namely the Salafi pesantren (pesantren that maintains classical traditions) and the Khalafi pesantren (pesantren that incorporate general knowledge or open school institutions). Not all educational institutions have integrated relationships with other knowledge, but from several Islamic boarding schools, there are many that have integrated salaf and khalaf education, such as the one in Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng Jombang.

Keywords : Education, Integrated, Islamic boarding school
GENETIC ASPECTS OF CERVICAL INSUFFICIENCY PROBLEM
Authors: Selikhova M. S , Kostenko T. I , Karapetyan S. A
Published: September 2021

Cervical insufficiency is the main cause of miscarriage in the second trimester of pregnancy (up to 40 %), and in the third trimester occurs in a one third of women with preterm birth. Diagnosis of this pathology is based on the identification of structural changes in the cervix, which determines the impossibility of predicting this pathology before pregnancy. Current morphological studies have shown that connective tissue predominates in the cervix, represented mainly by collagen, which provides up to 85 % of the weight of the cervical tissue, elastin and proteoglycans. A key factor in the development of CI is currently considered a defect in collagen synthesis and the development of cervical incompetence is considered as a manifestation of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. The results of recent studies show that cervical insufficiency is a genetically determined condition and polymorphisms in genes related to the metabolism of connective tissue can play a role in the development of CI.
DISTANCE LEARNING TODAY. WHAT DO PEDIATRICIANS THINK?
Authors: Sagitova G. R , Ledyaev M. Ya
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the authors share their observations on the attitude of pediatricians who underwent advanced training during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in the framework of distance learning (DL). According to the results of a correspondence survey, 77,7 % of respondents noted that pre-school education can be an auxiliary form for traditional education. Just under a quarter point to the unacceptability of DO in medical schools. During training, doctors faced a difficulty-lack of skills to work with online services (68 %). Of all forms, UP to 71,7 % chose teleconferences. To the question: «How important is the moment of personal communication with the teacher for You?» 69,9 % indicated that it is important, and 30,1 % considered that it is fundamentally important.
Civilizational heterogeneity of Russia. Property in the field of civilizational development
Authors: Belyaeva Lyudmila A.
Published: September 2021

The article considers the Russian civilization as a socio-cultural community that includes different civilizational formations, the fact that determines its heterogeneous nature. An indicator of the heterogeneity of a society is its social structure, with civilisational rifts present - such an opposition of individual structural elements that has a civilizational character. In modern Russia, three civilizational rifts can be recorded. The first of them is based on the existence in the country of different levels of technical and technological development and, accordingly, of the nature and content of laborur of the population. The second rift is due to the material differentiation of the society: from the standard of living (on the threshold and beyond the poverty threshold) to the possession of multibillion fortunes, that leads to a deep difference in the quality of life of the population, that is an attributive feature of various civilizations. The third rift is related to the historically uneven development of the regions. Along with the regions that have entered or are already at the informational stage of development (they are in minority), most of the regions are at the industrial stage, and in some regions, a pre-industrial agrarian society with stable traditional values ​​still prevails. Accordingly, informational, industrial and traditional subcivilizations coexist in the vastness of Russia. Property relations are considered among the significant factors of civilizational development. Property relations are first of all economic and juridical (legal) relations. Property as a social relation carries the historically stipulated content of the moral norms, justice, individual and social benefit. Property is embodied not only in legal forms, but also in customs, cultural patterns, habits, types of thinking and behavioral models. In Russia, the property right of an individual has always been oriented towards "internal justice", correlated in the public and individual consciousness with the prevailing ideas of the proper. Whereas in Western civilization there has been entrenched the priority of public relations based on the protected by law private interest of an individual. The reorientation of property relations in Russia to the Western model, including in the memory of our contemporaries, has not been a success due to the traditionally strong etacratic influences, the dominance of the “power-property” relationship.
(Non)Religious Diversity and correlation of religious, spiritual and secular in the consciousness of modern man
Authors: Rutkevich Elena D.
Published: September 2021

Non-religious diversity is growing in the world nowadays. In the current context it is understood not as a diversity of faiths, religions, non-religions, etc., but as a variety of types of non-religious consciousness and categories of non-religious identity. The article covers only a few aspects of this vast topic. First, the theoretical prerequisites and substantiations for the change in the Western non-religious identity taking place during the transition from the Westphalian to the post-Westphalian system of religious governance and the emergence of a special type of pluralism that is formed in the process of dedifferentiation of religion, globalization and the transformation of the “religion of place and nation” into a transnational religion “without place and nation”, when the ratio of religious, spiritual and secular in the mind of a postmodern person changes. Second, the author analyses the origins and causes of this transformation of non-religious consciousness in the "long 1960s". Third, the author traces the evolution of such types of non-religious diversity as “spiritual but not religious”, “none” and “post-protestants” and the concept of “spirituality” that connects them. The category "spiritual but not religious", sometimes perceived as dubious and unconvincing, appearing in the context of countercultural spirituality, in the author´s opinion, is very important for understanding Western, especially American irreligiousness in general and the processes taking place today in particular. The processes that are associated with the growth of "none" and the proliferation of "post-Protestants" related to the Woke culture, who claim the role of "saviours of humanity", attaching more importance to the "new post-Protestant ethics" (rather than religion and tradition), seeking to politicise religion, to sacralise politics, race and gender relations. Rejecting the "old religion" and proclaiming a "new ethics", moving from the ideals of diversity, universal tolerance and political correctness to "militant moralism and cruel dogmatism”, they confirm the idea of "complex irreligiousness" in the era of "late modernity", that seems to be a sign of the times and requires close attention of scientists.