bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Figure 2 from Blocking Tryptophan Catabolism Reduces Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Invasive Capacity
Authors: Kuo Li-Wei , Crump Lyndsey S. , O’Neill Kathleen , Williams Michelle M. , Christenson Jessica L. , Spoelstra Nicole S. , Roy Micaela Kalani , Argabright Amy , Reisz Julie A. , D’Alessandro Angelo , Boorgula Meher P. , Goodspeed Andrew , Bickerdike Mike , Bitler Benjamin G. , Richer Jennifer K.
Published: October 2024

Tracing of TRP demonstrates that inflammatory cytokines enhance TRP catabolism and accumulation of KYN and other downstream catabolites. A, MDA-MB-453 cultured in TRP-depleted media with 13C11-labeled TRP for 8 hours were treated with vehicle or 10 ng/mL IL1β + TNFα for 24 or 48 hours, and cell pellets were lysed and subjected to MS. Labeled intracellular TRP catabolites (heavy, dark blue) or unlabeled (light, light blue) were measured. including (B) TRP, (C) formyl-KYN, (D) KYN, (E) 3-hydroxykynurenine, and (F) kynurenic acid shown as peak area. Biological replicates were conducted in each group, and data are displayed as mean ± SEM by Student t test analysis. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
Data from Blocking Tryptophan Catabolism Reduces Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Invasive Capacity
Authors: Kuo Li-Wei , Crump Lyndsey S. , O’Neill Kathleen , Williams Michelle M. , Christenson Jessica L. , Spoelstra Nicole S. , Roy Micaela Kalani , Argabright Amy , Reisz Julie A. , D’Alessandro Angelo , Boorgula Meher P. , Goodspeed Andrew , Bickerdike Mike , Bitler Benjamin G. , Richer Jennifer K.
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anchorage-independent triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells exhibit elevated levels of the tryptophan (TRP)-catabolizing enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) compared with the same cells grown under two-dimensional culture conditions. Tracing of 13C11-TRP demonstrated that anchorage-independent culture and/or inflammatory cytokines that activate NF-κB increase TRP catabolism and production of downstream catabolites such as kynurenine, which activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). TDO2 expression is heterogeneous within TNBC cell lines. To determine the function of TDO2, both pharmacologic inhibition and genetic manipulation were conducted. TDO2 knockdown revealed a compensatory increase in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a nonhomologous TRP-catabolizing enzyme, indicating that dual inhibition of these two enzymes is necessary to reliably block TRP catabolism. Thus, we tested a newly developed TDO2/IDO1 dual inhibitor, AT-0174, and found that it effectively inhibits TNBC TRP catabolism. Furthermore, AT-0174 treatment or AhR inhibitor significantly decreased TNBC anchorage-independent survival, invasive capacity, and expression of mesenchymal genes and proteins, whereas exogenous kynurenine increased invasion through AhR-mediated zinc finger E-box–binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) expression. Thus, dual inhibition of TDO2/IDO1 may prove efficacious against TNBC progression.
Significance:
TDO2 is more highly expressed than the nonhomologous TRP-catabolizing enzyme IDO1 in TNBC. We find that TDO2 knockdown can lead to a compensatory increase in IDO1. Therefore, we tested a newly developed TDO2/IDO1 dual inhibitor and found that it decreases TRP catabolism, anchorage-independent survival, and invasive capacity.
Presentation of Pallister-Hall-Like Syndrome in a Girl with a Homozygous Rare Variant in the SMO Gene
Authors: Tan Mertcan , Turgut Musa , Özdemir Özmert Muhammed Ali , Karaer Kadri
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Pallister-Hall-Like Syndrome (PHLS) (OMIM #241800), a rare ciliopathy associated with defects in the Sonic Hedgehog pathway, is characterized by postaxial polydactyly, hypothalamic hamartoma, cardiac and skeletal anomalies, and craniofacial dysmorphisms. Case Report: This report describes a 3-day-old girl from a consanguineous family diagnosed with bilateral postaxial polydactyly and facial dysmorphism. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous pathogenic c.1726 C>T; p.Arg576Trp variant in the SMO gene. Conclusion: Consanguineous marriage causes predisposition to ultra-rare conditions. There have been eleven documented cases of this ultra-rare syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Turkiye, enriching our clinical understanding of PHLS.
Assessment of Intrarenal Pressure through Dilatation State of the Renal Collecting System
Authors: Chen Yujun , Yang Heng , Yu Yue , Xi Haibo , Wang Gongxian , Zhou Xiaochen
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between the dilation states of the renal collecting system in flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) view and intrarenal pressure (IRP). Methods: Fifteen porcine kidneys were randomly selected and numbered 1 through 15. Pressure transducers were inserted into the renal calyx via puncture and adjusted to a zero position. The distal end of the f-URS probe was placed within the renal pelvis. Perfusion rates of 50 mL/min, 80 mL/min, and 100 mL/min were utilized. We observed the relationship between the dilation state of the renal collecting system and changes in IRP. The state of complete dilation was defined as an unchanging spatial morphology of the renal collecting system as visualized during f-URS. Results: With irrigation rates of 50 mL/min, 80 mL/min, and 100 mL/min, IRP values at the moment of complete dilation of the renal collecting system ranged from 16 to 18 cm H2O, 16–19 cm H2O, and 16–19 cm H2O, respectively. Maximum IRPs ranged from 47 to 49 cm H2O, 82–85 cm H2O, and 97–100 cm H2O, respectively. Prior to complete dilation of the renal collecting system, IRP consistently remained below 20 cm H2O. However, following full dilation of the renal collecting system, IRP rose rapidly and rapidly surpassed 20 cm H2O. Despite sustained elevations in IRP following full dilation, no significant alterations in the renal collecting system dilated morphological were observed with f-URS. Conclusions: In vitro experiments indicate that when the renal collecting system is not fully dilated, the IRP is consistently less than 20 cm H2O. Evaluation of IRP being within a safe range can be determined by assessing the dilation status of the renal collecting system.
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Current Updates in the Asian Context
Authors: Miraclin T Angel , Bal Deepti , Sebastian Ivy , Shanmugasundaram Satish , Aaron Sanjith , Pandian Jeyaraj D.
Published: October 2024

Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) is a life-threatening cause of stroke in Asian countries. South Asia, comprising of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, contributed to 40% of strokes in women. Major CVT registries are from the Western nations, which differs from the Asian countries with respect to epidemiology, gender biases, and risk factors. This review focuses on the various aspects of relevance in evaluation and management of patients with CVT in the Asian context. Summary: The incidence of CVT is higher in Asia than in Western nations. Young age, female gender, especially in pregnancy and puerperal period, and dehydration appear to be the critical risk factors. Tropical infections like malaria, scrub typhus, and flaviviral encephalitis predispose to CVT. There is a higher prevalence of inherited thrombophilia in the Asian cohorts, contributing to prothrombotic states. Anticoagulation and supportive management offer excellent outcomes. Newer anticoagulants are safe and efficacious. In medically refractory cases, endovascular treatment offers modest benefits. Decompressive hemicraniectomy, when done early, offers mortality benefits in patients with large hemorrhagic venous infarctions. Key Messages: CVT is an important cause of stroke with a high burden in South Asian countries. Establishment of robust registries is the need of the hour to study the natural history, course, and outcomes and to develop management algorithms tailored to the available resources.
СИНТЕЗ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОТИПУХЛИННОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ ПОХІДНИХ ТІОПІРАНО[2,3-d]ТІАЗОЛУ З ІНДОЛЬНИМ ФРАГМЕНТОМ У МОЛЕКУЛАХ
Authors: Fedusevych O.-M. V. , Lozynskyi A. V.
Published: October 2024

Мета роботи. Здійснити синтез тіопірано[2,3-d]тіазолів з індольним фрагментом та дослідити їх протипухлинну активність у межах програми DTP NCI Національного інституту раку в США.
Матеріали і методи. Протягом дослідження використано методи органічного синтезу, виконано фізико-хімічний аналіз синтезованих сполук. Протипухлинну активність проведено згідно з методологією програми DTP NCI Національного інституту раку в США. Для сполуки-хіта 3.7 проведено in silico скринінг лікоподібності з використанням онлайн-сервісу SwissADME.
Результати й обговорення. В результаті скринінгу протипухлинної активності було ідентифіковано сполуку-хіт 3.7, яка проявила найвищий рівень активності на мікромолярному рівні відносно ліній лейкемії K-562, SR, епітеліального раку лінії HCT-116, раку ЦНС U251, яєчників OVCAR-8 та раку молочної залози лінії HS 578T.
Висновки. Результати свідчать про наявність вираженої протипухлинної активності тіопірано[2,3-d]тіазолів з індольним фрагментом, що актуалізує поглиблене вивчення цього класу гетероциклічних сполук.
ДО 60-ЛІТТЯ КАФЕДРИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ І ЕКОНОМІКИ ФАРМАЦІЇ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ДАНИЛА ГАЛИЦЬКОГО
Authors: «Фармацевтичний часопис» Редакція журналу
Published: October 2024

Історія створення кафедри ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ І ЕКОНОМІКИ ФАРМАЦІЇ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ДАНИЛА ГАЛИЦЬКОГО бере початок із 1784 р., коли австрійський імператор Йосиф ІІ відновив Львівський (Йосифінський) університет у складі чотирьох факультетів: філософського, юридичного, медичного і теологічного. Фахова підготовка дипломованих аптекарів здійснювалася тоді на медичному факультеті, випускники якого разом з іншими дисциплінами складали аптекарське законодавство.
З тих часів і до сьогодні фармацевтичні управлінські дисципліни викладали магістри фармації, доктори філософії, кандидати і доктори фармацевтичних наук, які самовіданно працювали у складі різних відділень, курсів, факультетів.
Кафедру організації і економіки фармації, як окремий структурний підрозділ, було створено 19 вересня 1964 р. Протягом 60 років вона пройшла значний шлях розвитку та досягнень. Змінювалася методологія викладання, трансформувалися форми освітнього процесу. Здобувачами вищої освіти на кафедрі були провізори, провізори-інтерни, а сьогодні – магістри фармації та доктори філософії.
Завдяки наполегливій праці поколінь науково-педагогічних працівників, кафедра має значні наукові здобутки: 8 дисертацій на здобуття ступеня доктора фармацевтичних наук, 27 дисертацій кандидата фармацевтичних наук та дві дисертації доктора філософії зі спеціальності 226 «Фармація, промислова фармація»; 127 неперіодичних наукових і навчальних видань, а саме: 98 наукових видань, у тому числі 38 монографій, 38 галузевих науково-методичних рекомендацій, інформаційних листів і нововведень та 22 авторські свідоцтва, патенти та раціоналізаторські пропозиції; 29 навчальних видань із грифом МОН і МОЗ України та університету, серед них 10 підручників та 19 навчальних посібників.
Колектив кафедри організації і економіки фармації здійснює багаторічну наукову співпрацю з профільними кафедрами вітчизняних та зарубіжних навчальних закладів, науково-практичну співпрацю з вітчизняними виробниками лікарських засобів й аптечними мережами та закладами.
Щиро вітаємо колектив кафедри організації і економіки фармації з ювілеєм та бажаємо щастя, здоров'я, натхнення до нового наукового пошуку. Разом до Перемоги! Слава Україні!
Análise da Polimedicação em Pacientes com Esquizofrenia em Ponta Grossa
Authors: Wambier Frederico Picanço , Dornelles Tarcísio Fanha , Mansani Fabiana Postiglioni , Hessman Julia Henneberg
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A esquizofrenia é uma doença crônica que demanda grandes esforços do sistema de saúde, com tratamento baseado em antipsicóticos, preferencialmente utilizados em monoterapia. A polifarmácia é contraindicada devido ao aumento do risco de efeitos adversos e à falta de evidências de melhor resposta clínica. Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência de polifarmácia de antipsicóticos, a ocorrência de sobredose e subdose, e o uso de clozapina no CAPS II em Ponta Grossa-PR. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 483 prontuários, dos quais 340 foram excluídos. A análise incluiu as prescrições de 143 pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia no período de 01/01/2021 a 26/09/2022, no CAPS II de Ponta Grossa-PR. Considerou-se polifarmácia de antipsicóticosa prescrição de duas ou mais drogas. Sobredose foi definida como qualquer prescrição com dose acima da máxima recomendada ou quando a soma das doses de mais de um antipsicótico excedia 100% da dose máxima para cada droga. Casos de subdose foram identificados quando a dose prescrita estava abaixo da recomendada na literatura. Resultados: Observou-se que 59,44% dos pacientes com esquizofrenia estavam em tratamento com polifarmácia de antipsicóticos, 21,67% estavam em sobredose e 29,37% em subdose. Conclusão: O perfil terapêutico dos pacientes do CAPS II diverge do encontrado na literatura. A taxa de polifarmácia e de sobredose é maior do que a observada em outras análises, enquanto o uso de clozapina é consideravelmente menor.
Estratégia global da OMS para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: situação do Brasil
Authors: Soares Leila Cristina , Silva Nathália Bezerra da , Santos Laura Campelo dos , Lamin Lucas Alcides Barizon , Graça Adriana do Valle , Brollo Jorge Luiz Alves
Published: October 2024

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estabeleceu metas alinhadas aos objetivos da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) para um desenvolvimento sustentável até 2030. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a situação do Brasil em relação às metas visando à eliminação de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Foram realizadas consultas ao banco de dados do DATASUS, do vacinômetro do Ministério da Saúde e da Plataforma Integrada de Vigilância em Saúde (PIVS) sobre nascidos vivos, sífilis adquirida, congênita e em gestantes, vacinação contra HPV e projeção populacional. A precisão do sistema de informação é afetada pelas diferenças nas informações sobre sífilis em diferentes plataformas, mostrando queda na do DATASUS e aumento na PIVS. A cobertura calculada para a vacina contra HPV no ano de 2021 foi de 62,03%. A vacinação de resgate se mostrou eficaz em aumentar a cobertura. Além de não haver dados sobre infecção gonocócica, apesar de uma cobertura vacinal crescente, nenhum dos parâmetros se encontrou sequer próximo das metas estabelecidas pela OMS.
Prostatectomia Radical Aberta, Videolaparoscópica e Robótica: Comparação dos Desfechos Funcionais e Oncológicos em um Serviço do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Durigan Teodora Roballo , Meneghete Bruno Pandolfo , Mello Bárbara Casagrande Calomeno de Oliveira , Koaski José Cassiano , Cernescu Neto Nikolai , Andrade Fabiana Antunes , Preti Vinícius Basso , Costa Neto Walter Guimarães da
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O câncer de próstata é um dos mais incidentes no mundo, ficando atrás apenas do câncer de pele na população masculina. Entre as opções terapêuticas, a prostatectomia radical se destaca, com as principais técnicas sendo: retropúbica (RRP), perineal (RPP), videolaparoscópica (VLP) e laparoscópica assistida por robôs (RALP). A técnica robótica tem sido amplamente utilizada na urologia devido às suas vantagens técnicas e melhores desfechos funcionais, como a manutenção da continência urinária e a preservação da função erétil. No entanto, os desfechos oncológicos da técnica robótica ainda carecem de dados consistentes que comprovem sua superioridade em relação às outras técnicas. Objetivos: Comparar os desfechos perioperatórios, funcionais e oncológicos de prostatectomias realizadas por RRP, VLP e RALP em pacientes de um hospital terciário em Curitiba-PR (Brasil). Metodologia: Foram incluídos no estudo 367 pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de próstata e submetidos a prostatectomia radical entre 2016 e 2021, sendo 211 via RRP, 118 via VLP e 37 via RALP. Os dados clínicos pré-operatórios e os desfechos de interesse foram coletados por meio de análise retrospectiva dos prontuários. Resultados: Observou-se menor frequência de disfunção sexual e menor tempo de internamento entre os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia via RALP (p=0,039 e p=0,0007) e VLP (p=0,029 e p<0,0001) em comparação com RRP. No entanto, o tempo médio de cirurgia foi maior para RALP quando comparado a RRP (p=0,001) e VLP (p=0,001). Em relação aos desfechos oncológicos, a frequência de margem cirúrgica uretral livre de neoplasia foi maior no grupo RRP comparado ao RALP (p=0,033). Os demais fatores oncológicos, funcionais e perioperatórios foram semelhantes entre os tipos de cirurgia. Conclusão: A RALP está associada a menor tempo de internamento e menor taxa de disfunção sexual até um ano após a prostatectomia, em comparação com a RRP. Os benefícios oncológicos foram equivalentes entre as técnicas, exceto para a margem cirúrgica uretral.
Assessment of the Degree of Neurofunctional Disability in Leprosy Patients in a Municipality in Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Costa Humberto Baptista , Braga Isaque Oliveira , Silva Vitoria Santos da , Palácio Maria Augusta Vasconcelos , Correia Maria Luisa de Carvalho , Takenami Iukary Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Introdução: Mycobacterium leprae é um bacilo intracelular com tropismo pelas células de Schwann. O processo inflamatório, decorrente da invasão do bacilo, promove desmielinização, degeneração axonal e perda da função neural, condição conhecida como neuropatia hansênica e que repercute no paciente por meio de deformidades e incapacidades físicas. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o grau de incapacidade física e o comprometimento neurológico dos pacientes acometidos pela hanseníase em uma região endêmica da Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: Trata- -se de um estudo descritivo retrospectivo baseado em dados secundários obtidos de pacientes com hanseníase tratados em um centro de referência em Paulo Afonso, Bahia, entre 2009 e 2020. Os dados foram obtidos mediante consulta às fichas de notificação e prontuários médicos, tabulados e analisados. Resultados: Foram analisados 194 casos de hanseníase, sendo que 39,7% apresentaram algum grau de incapacidade física e 49,5% foram classificados como multibacilares. Houve uma associação estatística entre o desenvolvimento de incapacidade física e os pacientes acometidos pela hanseníase com baixa escolaridade (analfabetos ou com ensino fundamental incompleto), sexo masculino, idade igual ou superior aos 60 anos, casos multibacilares, com forma clínica dimorfa ou virchowiana, com mais de cinco lesões de pele, pelo menos um nervo afetado e baciloscopia positiva. Além disso, o nervo ulnar foi o principal tronco nervoso afetado, embora o principal local de incapacidades físicas tenha ocorrido nos membros inferiores. Conclusão: A alta prevalência de incapacidades físicas e o comprometimento neurológico entre pacientes com hanseníase nesta região endêmica destaca a necessidade de melhorar a educação em saúde, o diagnóstico precoce e estratégias para prevenir deformidades e incapacidades. Uma melhor compreensão dos fatores de risco e das medidas preventivas pode ajudar a reduzir o impacto da neuropatia hansênica na vida dos pacientes.
Young Athlete With Hypertension and Hypokalemia
Authors: Lopez Antoine-Guy , Guerrot Dominique
Published: October 2024

We describe a 17-year-old woman diagnosed with severe hypertension during routine follow-up after the prescription of a combined oral contraceptive pill. Initially, due to her age, the estradiol-containing contraception, and high-level sport practice, physicians suspected drug-induced hypertension. Blood tests showed hypokalemia, and further investigations revealed pseudoaldosteronism. After the exclusion of toxic causes, Liddle syndrome was suspected and confirmed by genetic testing. Optimal therapeutic management was limited by anti-doping rules. This case report emphasizes the need for an early and systematic workup for causes of secondary hypertension in young patients and underlines diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the management of hypertension in athletes.
Processing, evaluating, and understanding FMRI data with afni_proc.py
Authors: Reynolds Richard C. , Glen Daniel R. , Chen Gang , Saad Ziad S. , Cox Robert W. , Taylor Paul A.
Published: October 2024

FMRI data are noisy, complicated to acquire, and typically go through many steps of processing before they are used in a study or clinical practice. Being able to visualize and understand the data from the start through the completion of processing, while being confident that each intermediate step was successful, is challenging. AFNI’s afni_proc.py is a tool to create and run a processing pipeline for FMRI data. With its flexible features, afni_proc.py allows users to both control and evaluate their processing at a detailed level. It has been designed to keep users informed about all processing steps: it does not just process the data, but also first outputs a fully commented processing script that the users can read, query, interpret, and refer back to. Having this full provenance is important for being able to understand each step of processing; it also promotes transparency and reproducibility by keeping the record of individual-level processing and modeling specifics in a single, shareable place. Additionally, afni_proc.py creates pipelines that contain several automatic self-checks for potential problems during runtime. The output directory contains a dictionary of relevant quantities that can be programmatically queried for potential issues and a systematic, interactive quality control (QC) HTML. All of these features help users evaluate and understand their data and processing in detail. We describe these and other aspects of afni_proc.py here using a set of task-based and resting-state FMRI example commands.
Proline: A versatile amino acid in the presence of salinity and drought in the Capsicum genus
Authors: Escalante-Magaña Camilo , Lizama-Gasca Marta , Bojorquez-Quintal Emanuel , Medina-Lara Maria de Fatima , Echevarria-Machado Ileana , Martínez-Estevez Manuel
Published: October 2024

Proline (Pro) is a low-molecular-weight cyclic amino acid that plays an important role as a source of energy and reducing power and as a source of carbon and nitrogen compounds for plant development. In most plant species, Pro is considered a stress marker. It is also a common compatible solute and is used cumulatively by plants under osmotic stress. The pepper genus, which includes species of great economic importance distributed throughout the world, is the target of different types of stresses, both biotic and abiotic, and Pro plays an important role in tolerance to some of these stresses. In this work, we discuss the general aspects of the metabolism, transport, and different functions of Pro in the Capsicum genus. Special focus is given to critical investigations that should be conducted with respect to Pro accumulation under stress conditions, such as salinity and water deficit.
Educational and Career Trajectories in Russia: Introducing a New Source and Datasets with a High Granularity
Authors: Valko Danila , Vasilevskaia Mariia , Bunina Maria , Kozlova Mariia , Filippova Anna Maria , Rud Daria
Published: October 2024

Studying Russian society is challenging, especially during the period of the Russian military invasion. However, it takes on special significance during a period of economic and social transformation. Studying the career and educational trajectories of Russians in the context of East Studies offers a multifaceted perspective on the state of the job market and education sector and gives an understanding of the current situation of the country’s economy and social structure. The lack of data with a high level of granularity is critical, especially for studying people with a focus on their career and educational trajectories. In this article, the authors respond to this request and present two datasets that can be useful for studying spatial and temporal patterns associated with people’s life trajectories in the context of work and education. The authors utilised open data on cv s created or updated by employment portal users over the period 2015–2023 from the Federal Service for Labor and Employment (Rostrud) and prepared two cleaned datasets covering 83 regions of Russia. Dataset 1 is on the educational and career trajectories (N = 6,221,439) and Dataset 2 is on the activity of unemployed and job-seeking candidates (N = 7,662,089).
6. Seeing the Phenomenon
Authors: Belu Dana S.
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the radical technologization of women’s reproductive body in ART or assisted reproductive technology. This discussion centers around the claim that neither phenomenology nor social constructivism is by itself able to discuss this technologization. The reason for this is that phenomenology is insufficiently empirically sensitive to the what is involved in ART, whereas (critical) social constructivism remains trapped in a ‘productivist’ dialectic that misses relations between nature and technology that fall outside the scope of production. By critically discussing and re-combining Heidegger’s and Feenberg’s work, the chapter claims that ART frames women’s bodies neither as subjects, nor objects of technical action, but as resources. However, such technologization is itself forgotten, leading not only to self-objectification, but, particularly in the case of IVG, rather than the subject becoming become a more or less stable object, the subject/object boundary dissolves altogether. The chapter explores the notion of vocation, as well as Heidegger’s meditative questioning of technology to explore the limits of such technologization.
A Brief Analysis of the Requirements for College English Translation (CET) Teaching in CET Translation Assessment
Authors: Wu Shan
Published: October 2024

After the reform of Chinese English Test (CET) in 2013, the translation part was changed from single-sentence translation to paragraph translation, which increased the difficulty for both students and teachers obviously. The new translation test not only tests students' language application ability, but also requires them to be more aware of hot topics and vocabulary in Chinese history, culture, politics and economy, etc. In the meantime, The difficulty of the sentence structure and the translation of the logical relations between sentences have also been greatly increased. At least one or two long complicated sentences are included in each year’s translation test, which require advanced English ability to accomplish. It not only puts higher requirements on students, but also brings greater challenges to the teaching work of college English teachers. By summarizing the main points of translation assessment in recent years and combining with the analysis of the current situation of college English translation teaching, this paper, guided by reform and problem-oriented, puts forward new strategies from aspects of enlarging vocabulary, handling sentence structure, handwriting and more practices for college English translation teaching that adapt to the reform, hoping to better educate and guide students' translation learning, improve students’ translation ability and pass the test successfully.
A Reaction-diffusion System Modeling the Transmission of Typhoid Fever in a Periodic Environment
Authors: Lin Huei-Li , Shyu Yu-Chiau , Lin Chih-Lang , Wang Feng-Bin
Published: October 2024

Typhoid fever is a life-threatening infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, and it is still an important issue in developing countries. There are two infection routes of Typhoid fever, namely, the human-to-human transmission and the environment-to-human transmission. It is evident that people living near rivers may have a higher rate of typhoid infection, and temperature changes also have significant impacts on Typhoid transmission dynamics. In the model, the population of human will be divided into susceptible individuals, infected individuals, carrier individuals, individuals under treatment, and recovered individuals. Then a periodic dispersion-reaction system is used to describe the transport and the interactions between human and bacteria in the environment. The solution maps of the proposed periodic dispersion-reaction system lack the compactness since the population under treatment has no diffusion term, which makes analysis more difficult. After the feasible domain is chosen carefully, the eventually boundedness of the solutions can be established, and the loss of compactness is overcome if the initial data is chosen from the feasible domain. In order to introduce the reproduction number R0, the linearized system around the disease-free state is constructed, and the basic reproduction number is defined as the spectral radius of the next generation operator. Then the comparison principle and persistence theory can be utilized to establish that the index R0 completely determines the threshold behavior of the typhoid spread. Brief mathematical and biological interpretations are also presented.
Bidirectional LSTM-based Sentiment Analysis for Assamese Text
Authors: Talukdar Manashi , Sarma Shikhar
Published: October 2024

With the enhanced exploration of the new generation of the web, people are free to state their opinion on any particular topic like product, services, organization and even on other people online in different social media platform and thus an innumerous amount of user generated contents are being created each moment. Hence, the need for mining this information has become the priority of the researcher so that they can identify the user’s sentiments and guide other people in various fields. Sentiment analysis deals with analyzing the review, opinion, attitude and emotions of a person from a given set of text by categorizing those on the basis of polarity as positive, negative and neutral. In this paper, sentiment of the social media text in Assamese Language is being analyzed because most of the communication is done through regional language and as a researcher from this region it is utmost concern to mine this information. To analyze the sentiments from the manually prepared datasets, LSTM- deep learning algorithm is used and implemented it in Python environment and also overall performance is measured in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and f1-score.
A Multiscale Delayed Channel Attention Network-Based Method for Pansharpening
Authors: Lei Dajiang , Xiao Lang , Li Yujia , Huang Hefeng , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhou Tingting , Ou Shixing , Zhang Liping
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, remote sensing images are widely used in many fields. To obtain high-quality remote sensing images, remote sensing image fusion methods have attracted much attention. Although convolutional neural network-based pansharpening methods have good results, these methods focus on the forward propagation of the network, which cannot effectively seek the mapping relationship between images. Moreover, it is difficult to obtain global information due to the limitations of convolutional operations. In this paper, we propose a pansharpening method based on multiscale delayed channel attention networks. The method iteratively seeks to correlate high-resolution stage features with the original low-resolution multispectral image, providing a mechanism for error feedback to map the error of each stage. Meanwhile, it designs a multiscale feature fusion module to fuse feature information from different fields of view. The design of the delayed channel attention mechanism makes the network acquire the association relationship between low-frequency information and high-frequency information through adaptive learning, giving different weights to high-frequency information, and making it more flexible in dealing with different types of information. Finally, the feature aggregation module is used to generate fused images and adjust the corresponding feature information. The experimental results obtained from the Gaofen-2 and WorldView-2 experimental data show that the method achieves a significant improvement compared to the current fusion algorithms.
Adoption of the Improved Sorghum Variety (Melkame) in the West Hararghe, Mieso District
Authors: Moges Samson
Published: October 2024

Sorghum bicolor, also known as sorghum, is a type of grass that is grown for its grain. This grain is used for various purposes, such as human consumption, animal feed, and ethanol production. The study aims to identify the factors that influence the adoption of the Melkam sorghum variety in the Mieso district by collecting primary data from 160 randomly selected respondents through a structured questionnaire. Econometric models were then employed to analyze the relationship and determine the adoption factors of the Melkam Sorghum variety using STATA 13 software. The study utilized frequencies, percentages, correlation, and regression to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the use of improved sorghum (Melkam) resulted in a positive correlation with the availability of an active working labor force in the household. Farmers were more inclined to adopt new technologies when they frequently interacted with extension agents. The size of the family and the frequency of contact with extension agents significantly influenced farmers' decisions to adopt the improved sorghum (Melkam) variety (t = 5.07, P>0.005) and (t = 6.73, P>0.005) at 1 percent, respectively. The study recommends that the government should increase their contact with farmers to at least once a month through extension agents to promote the adoption of improved sorghum (Melkam). Therefore, to improve communication with farmers, extension agents should utilize local community organizations and effective traditional knowledge-sharing methods in conjunction with modern extension systems. It is recommended that extension agents prioritize households with larger family sizes as potential adopters of new technologies, while also paying special attention to households with smaller family sizes.
Decentralisation, Local Governance and Nation Building in Nigeria
Authors: Sunday Otinche Inyokwe
Published: October 2024

The paper examines the logic of decentralization and local governance in Nigeria with a hint on its constitutionality and contributions to nation building. Emerging facts reveals that Nigeria operates a centralized and decentralized system of governance and state administration. This is confirmed by its federal nature, division of state administration into federal, state and local government, state power into exclusive (federal), concurrent (federal and state) and residual powers (local government), and the allocation and distribution of fiscal responsibilities and benefits along vertical and horizontal lines by the Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007 and the 1999 constitution. Data generated from the Federal Responsibility Act 2007 shows that the federal government gets 52.68%, the 36 state governments get 26.72% and the 774 local government councils get 20.60% fund allocation from the pool of distributive resources domiciled in the Consolidated Federal Revenue Account of Nigeria. Analytical evidences are also drawn from other secondary sources of information to confirm the abuse of the tenets of political and administrative decentralization through the instrumentality of the State-Joint-Local Government Account and the Caretaker Committee System. The dialectics of undue political interference in the management of local government affairs by the state government and the use of the Caretaker Committee system as a governing structure at the local government level reveals the threat it poses to leadership development, liberal democratic growth, local governance and nation building. These conclusively undermine the tenets of true federalism, decentralization, local government autonomy and the statutory powers and authority of elected local government councils to initiate and manage local development visions and initiatives. The need to place a balance between avoidable political control and local government autonomy as pathways to promoting genuine decentralization, participatory local governance and grass root development is strongly advocated.
Post-Soviet Presidentialized Republics: Factors for Choosing the Form of Government and Difficulties of Its Classification
Authors: Martyniuk Roman , Datsiuk Oleksii , Romanov Mykola , Khomych Tetiana
Published: October 2024

In the post-Soviet states of Eastern Europe and Asia, a special presidential form of government was formed, which, in fact, cannot be classified within the trichotomous division of republican forms of government established in modern political science. Attempts by researchers to clearly define this form of government generate real classification chaos. Many scientists tend to see the studied form of government as a presidential version of a mixed republic. Another group of scientists, given the hypertrophy of the constitutional status of the president, perceives it as a certain variant of the presidential republic. In fact, the form of government adopted in many post-Soviet states eclectically combines elements of presidential and mixed republics and at the same time fundamentally does not meet the criteria of both of these forms of government. It is not a presidential republic, since it does not reveal a “hard” division of power and contains certain elements of parliamentarism, and it is not a mixed republic, since it does not have its minimum necessary set of features. Therefore, this form of government cannot be identified with presidential or mixed republics, nor can it be considered as a partial deviation from one of them. The idea of a mixed republic had a significant impact on the latest state-building practice of the post-Soviet states. At the same time, in most of them, the difficult conditions of the initial stage of state formation caused a significant strengthening of the power of the president. The consequence of this was the dominance of the president not only in relation to the system of executive bodies, but also in relation to the state mechanism in general. The transformation of the president into the real head of the executive power distorted the nature of the mixed republic and gave birth to a new hybrid form of government, which combined certain formal and legal features of the mixed republic with the hypertrophied constitutional status of the president.
The Impact of Host-Country Supervisor Participation in Cross-Cultural Training on Expatriate Subordinate Outcomes
Authors: Corrington Abby , Turner-Steele Stacey , Buchanan Beth , Hebl Mikki
Published: October 2024

Using signaling theory (Spence, 1973) and leader-member exchange (LMX) theory (Dansereau et al., 1975), this study examines the effects of the participation of both host-country supervisors and expatriate subordinates in the same cross-cultural training on expatriate subordinates’ outcomes abroad. We propose that host-country supervisor participation in training sends a favorable signal and improves the quality of the host-country supervisor–expatriate subordinate relationship and interactions, thereby leading to improved expatriate subordinate outcomes. Host-country supervisor and expatriate subordinate dyads from a variety of countries took part in a web-based cross-cultural training before or shortly after arriving in the United States. Results indicate that the participation of both host-country supervisors and expatriate subordinates in the same cross-cultural training significantly impacts expatriates’ cross-cultural adjustment and job performance and that these benefits are conferred through increased LMX quality. The recognition and implementation of cross-cultural training is critical for organizations to evolve, compete, and succeed in a global context. This study is one of the first to empirically examine the role that providing both host-country supervisors and expatriate subordinates the same cross-cultural training can have in improving expatriates’ work-related outcomes. It is also one of the first to examine the role of LMX theory in these outcomes.
Test-Retest Reliability of Dynamic Subjective Visual Vertical and Visual Dependency in Older Adults Using Virtual Reality Methods
Authors: Hayashi Shota , Kamo Tomohiko , Ogihara Hirofumi , Tani Yuta , Hoshino Kazuya , Kobayashi Kazutaka , Igarashi Tatsuya , Kimura Akira
Published: October 2024

The perception of verticality is formed through the integration of multisensory gravitational information, including somatosensory, visual, and vestibular inputs. Older adults exhibit visual dependency (VD) as they rely more on visual information to compensate for reduced somatosensory and vertical perception. Increased VD is associated with falls, and the dynamic subjective visual vertical (SVV) is used to assess VD. However, the measurement reliability of dynamic SVV and VD using virtual reality (VR), which has garnered considerable attention in recent years, remains unclear. Therefore, our purpose in this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of dynamic SVVs and VDs using a VR method. We evaluated static and dynamic SVV of 40 older adults using a smartphone-based VR system (SVR-SVV). Dynamic SVV consisted of numerous spheres on the background rotating clockwise (CW-SVV) or counterclockwise (CCW-SVV). Each SVV measurement consisted of one set of 10 trials. VD was calculated as the mean value of dynamic SVV minus the mean values of static SVV. A re-test was conducted after one week. Reliability was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 2, k) for each SVV measure. We observed no systematic bias in any of the SVV values, which were 0.1° ( SD = 2.8°), 13.3° ( SD = 8.3°), −12.8° ( SD = 6.9°), and 15.7° ( SD = 8.1°) for static SVV, CW-SVV, CCW-SVV, and VD, respectively. Test-retest reliability was good for static SVV (ICC = .817, p < .001), CW-SVV (ICC = .896, p < .001) and excellent for CCW-SVV (ICC = .914, p < .001), VD (ICC = .937, p < .001). The dynamic SVV and VD measurements using SVR-SVV demonstrated good test-retest reliability. Moreover, the SVR-SVV is more portable than conventional methods, making it highly useful in clinical practice.
Hip Arthroscopy Utilization Disparities and Complications Amongst Ethnic Groups
Authors: Buerba Rafael A. , Dalton Jonathan , Sadhwani Shaan , Schulz William , Atte Akere C. , Vyas Dharmesh
Published: October 2024

While hip arthroscopy (HA) has increased in recent years, limited data exists regarding utilization and outcomes among racial groups. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried for patients who underwent HA from 2006 to 2017. Patients were stratified into 6 self-reported racial/ethnic categories: White, African American, Hispanic, Asian and Pacific Islander, Native American, and Unknown. Major and minor complications in the 30-day post-operative period were identified. Data were available for 2230 patients who underwent HA. There were significant differences in the proportions of HA procedures when examining by race. White patients comprised 69% of the patient sample, African American patients 5.6%, Hispanic patients 3.9%, Asian patients 2.5%, Native American patients 0.7% and Unknown race/ethnicity patients 18.3% ( P < .05). HA utilization increased significantly over time by all groups but remained low among ethnic minorities compared to the White cohort. Overall, major, and minor 30-day complication rates were 1.3%, 0.5%, and 0.9%, respectively. Although African American and Hispanic patients had higher overall complication rates than White patients, the differences were not statistically significant. Surgeons should be aware of the underutilization of HA among racial/ethnic minorities, and further studies evaluating insurance status and access to care are needed.
A Metaphysical Investigation into the Role of Marketing in Mitigating International Conflicts
Authors: Liu Ran
Published: October 2024

This study explores the potential of marketing to resolve international conflicts by integrating metaphysical insights. Traditionally seen as an economic tool, marketing can influence societal norms and foster interconnectedness, contributing to peacebuilding efforts. The paper examines traditional conflict resolution methods such as diplomacy, sanctions, and military interventions, highlighting their limitations. It argues that marketing strategies can transform societal perceptions and promote cooperation when aligned with metaphysical principles such as collective consciousness and empathy. The paper also encourages marketers to use Nudge Theory for ethical engagement and behavioral change, emphasizing long-term gains over short-term disputes. By addressing gaps in the literature, this paper underscores the need for further exploration of the metaphysical dimensions of marketing in conflict resolution. It concludes by suggesting that marketing offers a promising alternative to traditional methods for fostering a more harmonious and interconnected global society.
Feasibility of preventing massive contrast media extravasation using a sensor device in contrast-enhanced CT: an observational study
Authors: Matsumoto Yoriaki , Chikasue Ayaka , Kondo Miho , Akita Tomoyuki , Kiguchi Masao , Nakamura Yuko , Awai Kazuo
Published: October 2024

Background

Recent guidelines recommend direct patient observation, pressure monitoring, and sensor devices to prevent extravasation during contrast media (CM) injection. However, it is impractical in terms of time and cost to install sensors for all patients.

Purpose

To identify risk factors for CM extravasations during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in a large population and to establish criteria for placing the sensor device on patients.

Material and Methods

This retrospective study included 143,556 patients who underwent CECT at our hospital between April 2012 and July 2022. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis between patients with (n = 350) and randomly selected patients without CM extravasation (n = 350). We investigated the percentage of patients with sensor devices and their sensitivity for detecting extravasation using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

The extravasation rate was 0.27%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the injection rate (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33–1.95: P <0.001), catheter gauge (AOR = 3.86, 95% CI = 1.92–7.76; P <0.001), the use of anticancer drugs (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.32–2.50; P <0.001), and existing catheters (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.10–2.11; P = 0.009) were significantly associated with extravasation. To achieve a sensitivity of 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50%, 80%, 65%, 50%, 40%, and 28% of all patients required the placement of a sensor device, respectively.

Conclusion

Sensitivity analysis established criteria for effective placing sensor devices.