bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sound Insulation Characteristics of the Embedded and Co-Cured Composite Damping Structures
Authors: Liang Sen , Zhang Zhong Sheng , Mi Peng
Published: March 2012

Based on the designable mechanical characteristics of composite structure, a secondary vulcanization method of viscoelastic material is developed to manufacture the experimental specimens of embedded and co-cured composite damping structure (ECCDS). The mid-temperature co-cured process of the composite material embedding viscoelastic damping membrane is explored according to the glass fabric/epoxy composite cure cycle. By using a standing wave tube method, sound insulation performance of the composite damping structure is tested and compared with the composite laminates without the damping layer. The conclusion indicates that ECCDS has a very strong potential to insulate sound.
Optimal Design and Control of a Slider-Crank Mechanism System
Authors: Kao Chih Cheng
Published: March 2012

This paper mainly proposes an efficient modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) method, to identify a slider-crank mechanism driven by a field-oriented PM synchronous motor. The parameters of many industrial machines are difficult to obtain if these machines cannot be taken apart. In system identification, we adopt the MPSO method to find parameters of the slider-crank mechanism. This new algorithm is added with “distance” term in the traditional PSO’s fitness function to avoid converging to a local optimum. Finally, the comparisons of numerical simulations and experimental results prove that the MPSO identification method for the slider-crank mechanism is feasible.
Finite Element Analysis for the Displacement Characteristics of Loess Tunnel with Weak Surrounding Rock
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhang Hai Xia , Lai Jin Xing
Published: March 2012

Backed up by Dayoushan loess tunnel of Xining in Qinghai province, the displacements of vault settlement, peripheral convergence, surface deformation and post-construction settlement caused by tunnel construction are numerically simulated and analyzed. First, 2-D elastic-plastic model is founded to simulate the tunnel excavation process with up and down steps method. Second, considering the rheological characteristics of loess, 2-D visco-elastic-plastic constitutive model is founded to simulate the creep deformation of rock displacement characteristics. Finally, combined with the serious collapsible feature of loess foundation in supported project, the post-construction settlements under different conditions are simulated to obtain the settlement values of tunnel vault and bottom. The results can explain the deformation laws of tunnel displacement characteristics reasonably and show the importance of foundation reinforcement measures for loess tunnel.
Determination of Ultra Trace of Heavy Metals in Water by ICP-AES Based on Magnetic Enrichment
Authors: Zhu Shan Shan , Hu Fu Tao , Pan Dao Dong , Xu Wei Lian , Gan Ning
Published: March 2012

A new method has been established for the pre-enrichment of trace heavy metals(lead(II), cadmium(II), chromium(VI) and nickel(II)) by magnetic iron oxide(core) / zirconium dioxide(shell) and determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) in water samples. The factors affecting the separation and pre-enrichment of analytes such as amounts of magnetic iron oxide / zirconium dioxide, elution time and interfering ions were studied. The detection limits of the method (3σ) were 13.5ng/mL, 1.01ng/mL, 2.94ng/mL and 3.31mg/L respectively for lead(II), cadmium(II), chromium(VI) and nickel(II). The results showed that this method was simple, accurate, and sensitive which could be applied for the pre-enrichment, separation and determination of trace heavy metals in all kinds of water samples.
Influence of Reduction Temperature of SSI on Nitrate Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Li Jun Guo , Li Shou Zhang , Tian Wei
Published: March 2012

Spherical sponge iron (SSI) with high activity and intension could be prepared through direct reduction by hydrogen. To optimize the reduction technology of SSI and its removal ability for nitrate from wastewater, the influence of reduction temperature of SSI on nitrate removal was investigated. It was suggested that nitrate removal ability of SSI increased to the summit and then declined with the increasing of reduction temperature. When the reduction temperature of was T4, nitrate removal percentage reached to the maximum. When the original concentration of nitrate was only 5 mg-N/L, the additive quantity of SSI could prove plenty of zero-valent iron in a short time, and reduction temperature of SSI has little influence on nitrate removal. Nitrate removal by SSI appeared to be the pseudo-first-order reaction despite of reduction temperature. While nitrate original concentration was elevated to 50mg-N/L, the reaction order declined to the range of from 0.534 to 0.629 which was closed to 0.5, and the apparent reaction rate constant was 1.411 to 1.773 h-1.
Feasibility and Characteristics of Denitrification Using Excess Sludge as the Sole Carbon Source
Authors: Zhang Liang Chang , Peng Yong Zhen , Li Yong Bo , Wang Shu Ying , Chen Yong Zhi
Published: March 2012

Adequate carbon source is critical for biological nutrients removal from wastewater, and waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment or disposal is costly and difficult in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, a novel sludge fermentation process was launched to develop the internal carbon source of WAS to enhance biological nitrogen removal, nitrite and nitrate was directly added into anaerobic fermentation system and then formed WAS anoxic fermentation denitrification system (AFD), in which, the sludge fermentation and denitrification were expected to proceed simultaneously. Experimental results of 40 days’ fermentation showed that 0.12 gNO2--N/gVSS and 0.11 gNO3--N/gVSS, or 0.26 gNO2--N/gVSS-reduction and 0.24 gNO3--N/gVSS-reduction, could be simultaneously obtained in AFD, and it could be calculated that 37.9% of total VSS and 80.7% of VSS reduction was utilized for nitrite or nitrate removal, which suggested a good performance of denitrification driven by WAS in AFD. The highest accumulation amount, 204 mg/L, of volatile fatty acids was occurred in the 11th day, which proved a rapid fermentation was present in AFD. Furthermore, the variations of pH or ORP in AFD could well indicate the progress of fermentation and denitrification.
Experimental Investigation on the Low-Velocity Impact Damage of 3D Angle-Interlock Woven Composites
Authors: Yu Li Juan , Jin Li Min , Niu Zhi Lin , Sun Bao Zhong , Zheng Yi Zhu , Chen Ji Ping
Published: March 2012

In this paper, the low-velocity impact behavior of the 3D angle-interlock woven glass-fiber/epoxy composites (3DAWCs) were tested and analyzed under several levels of impact energies. The energy-time curves, deflection-time curves and load-deflection curves were obtained to show the impact damage behavior. It was found that the damage magnitude increases with the impact energy, and the composite structure can effectively reduce the in-plane shear failure. In addition, the failure modes were also photographed to illustrate the damage mechanisms of the3DAWCs.
Modeling of Dynamic Membrane Bioreactor Nitrification Denitrification Process for Treating Salt-Bearing Aquaculture Wastewater
Authors: Lu Fang Fang , Hong Jun Ming , Li Wei Bo
Published: March 2012

Nitrogen removal from salt-bearing aquaculture wastewater was investigated at different chloride concentration using dynamic membrane bioreactor. Using the activated sludge model No.1 (ASMl) to simulate the DMBR by Biowin, the results showed that changing the values of KO,H, KNO and bH, the model values of NO3--N and TN was almost same to the experiment values, the deviation were about ±0.4% and ±0.4% respectively. KO,H, KNO and bH were critical factors affecting the effluent quality when the influent concentration of chloride changed. The value of KO,H and bH increased from 0.36 and 0.04 to 1.0 and 0.27 when chloride concentration improved to 750mg•L-1.However the values of KNO decreased from 0.5 to 0.1 with increasing chloride content from 0mg•L-1 to 1500mg•L-1.
Research on Forecasting Model of High Building Measure Expense in Xi’an
Authors: Zhang Wei Hong , Liu Yang
Published: March 2012

Based on the measure expense data from bill quantity of construction works of 38 high buildings in Xi’an, this paper applied the SPSS to analyze the linear regression between the total amount of measure expense and direct expense of project, the measure expense of civil work, bid price. On this basis, the forecasting model was built.
Investigation on Measurement Method of Weight Volume Based on Acoustics
Authors: Jian Wang , Cai Chang Qing , Yue Zhang , Hu Man Hong , Wang Xiao Lei , Yao Hong , Ding Jing An , Zhong Rui Lin
Published: March 2012

The measurement value of weight volume is important for correcting buoyancy influence in the mass measurement. Traditional measurement method of weight volume is hydrostatic method. It is the most accurate method currently, but it is a complicated process requiring the weight to be wetted in a reference fluid. To eliminate the influence of liquid against weight mass in the determination of weight volume of the hydrostatic method, the measurement method of weight volume based on acoustics is introduced in the paper. The results from 1 kg to 20 kg show accuracy of the measurement system is enough to measuring volume of class E weight. The relative extend uncertainty of measurement method of weight volume based on acoustics is less than 8×10-4.
Research on Automatic Metrology Method of Weighing Instruments
Authors: Jian Wang , Zhong Rui Lin , Cai Chang Qing , Yue Zhang , Ding Jing An , Yao Hong
Published: March 2012

In order to reach the object of test requirements of non-automatic weighing instruments, an automatic measurement method on weighing instruments is proposed, and a disseminating system is developed. The system includes automatic loading and unloading function without impact and adhesion. Therefore type evaluation tests of weighing instruments with the maximum capacity from 50 kg to 3000 kg such as indication error test, repeatability test, tare test, static temperature test and Damp heat test can be finished automatically by the system. The system can solve the problem that type evaluation test of weighing instruments with the maximum capacity above 50 kg is not performed by means of personnel. The experimental results show relative uncertainty of the system is not more than 5×10-6.
Study on Extracting Characteristic Indices about Fabric Properties of Skirt
Authors: Gong Qin Li , Hu Hai Ou , Jin Juan Feng , Sun Jie
Published: March 2012

This article chose 12 typical dress fabrics to study the properties. FAST testing and Fabric dynamic drape style instrument were used to test 14 fabric characteristics which were predigested through Factor Analysis to extract the main properties, so that the time to test fabric properties need could be saved, and could give a basis for selecting characteristic indices of fabric properties on virtual garment reasonably as well.
The Design of a Dynamic Equilibrium-Type Harmonic Transmission with Roller Chain
Authors: Wu Yang Fang , Liu Hua , Shi Yong Gang
Published: March 2012

The binary row short-pitch transmission based precision roller chain highlights its radial flexibility and circumferential rigidity, it constructs a new type of harmonic transmission unit by replacing the tradition flexible wheel. Driven by a generator of mechanical harmonic wave the rollers of the binary row roller chain mesh with the teeth contour of the two inner gears which realizes reduction in small teeth difference and zero-tooth-difference synchronous output. The rotation components distribute uniformly on a plane. In theory, it is capable to eliminate dynamic imbalance factors. This paper detailed the principle of the harmonic drive meshing and gave out the design approach for Calculation the profile coordinates based on the principle of pitch compensation algorithm.
Raman Study of the Relationship between Microstructure and Physical Properties of Isotropic Graphite
Authors: Li Dong Feng , Yang Guang Zhi , Qi Li Na , Zheng Qing Bin , Yang Jun He
Published: March 2012

The degree of graphitization, crystallite size, fracture surface and pore morphology of three kinds of isotropic graphite from different companies were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relationship between physical properties and microstructure was studied.The results showed that the raman values of (ID/IG) of three samples were about from 0.32 to 0.47. The flexural strength and electrical resistivity were directly proportional to the value of (ID/IG) , while the thermal conductivity was inversely proportional to that value.
Study for Optimization of Pump Setting Depth in Tahe Heavy Oil Field
Authors: Huang Zhi Qiang , Ma Ya Chao , Li Qin , Liu Li Yan , Qiu Cheng Song , Zhao Pu Chun , Jin Yong Hong , Chen Hua Qiang
Published: March 2012

At present, the pump setting depth of machine wells in Tahe Oilfield is universally too deep as the reservoir is buried deep, viscosity of heavy oil is high, and the producing energy weakened. This will increase the input of sucker rod, oil tube material and lead to enlarge suspension point load of pumping unit mule head and energy consumption. According to the problems, on the basis of the regularity of distribution of wellbore pressure field, viscosity field, temperature field, this paper puts forward a new matching lifting technology: moving down the point of blending and picking up the pump setting depth. Moving down the point of blending can reduce the producing energy loss and enforce the crude oil’s fluidity in the wellbore ,and picking up the pump depth can reduce the cost and energy consumption, Field test shows that after the new type matching lifting technology implement, test wells are normal in operation. The pump setting depth is partly picked up and pumping unit load decreases. The single well saves thin oil by more than 10%.
Algorithm for the Detection of Feeble Edge of Complex Image
Authors: Wang Xi Yun
Published: March 2012

Image weak edge detection has a wide application. An improved ant colony algorithm is used for image edge detection . When image background is very complex ,the weak edge detection is more difficult. Around the key steps in the existing ant colony algorithm , we propose two improved methods. First, the expression of pheromone has been improved, and second, to improve the heuristic information value is calculated. Finally, the improved ant colony algorithm with the traditional Canny edge detection algorithm are compared.The improved edge detection experiments show that the new algorithm is position detection accurate, continuity, and the advantages of less interference.
GMS Numerical Simulation of Crude Oil Pollution Caused by Some Oil Pipeline Leak
Authors: Ye Jian Hua , Ren Yu Feng , Luo Shu Kun
Published: March 2012

We have used Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to numerical simulate the groundwater pollution migration caused by crude oil leak in the research regions. The result of the numerical simulation shows those 40 years after the crude oil leak, the contaminative area of pollutant reaches 46595 m3, and then the pollutant doesn’t arrive the pumping well. The density of the pollutants is less than 0.01mg/L. Therefore, we suggest that pipeline projects should make a specific effective plan for groundwater environmental monitoring for the sake of providing reference to institute relative countermeasure for prevention and control groundwater pollution.
A QoS Evaluation Model in the Environment of Cloud Computing
Authors: Wang Zhao En , Liu Jia Liang
Published: March 2012

As the name implies, the quality of service（QoS） often reflects the service consumer satisfaction with the services provided by the service provider. In computer systems, particularly in the computer network system, as the providers of the computing and information services, It is necessary to consider the cloud user’s suitability in the process of different physical implementation in the same functional service when constructing the server cluster in the cloud. This paper is for the cloud, build a service quality model oriented user request and the implementation process, completed the choice for the physical implementation with the best users fit service.
Optimization Techniques for No-Wait Manufacturing Scheduling: A Review
Authors: Sapkal Sagar U. , Laha Dipak , Behera Dhiren Kumar
Published: March 2012

This paper deals with a general continuous or no-wait manufacturing scheduling problem. Due to its applications in advanced manufacturing systems, no-wait scheduling has gained much attention in both practical and academic fields. Due to its NP-hard nature, most of the contributions focus on development of approximation based optimization methods or heuristics for the problem. Several heuristic procedures have been developed to solve this problem. This paper presents a survey of various methodologies developed to solve no-wait flow shop scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing single performance measure
Trust Management for One-Hop Cluster-Based Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Cong Yan Ping , Wei Zhi Qiang , Yang Guang
Published: March 2012

In this paper, we studied the trust management problem in one-hop cluster-based underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). Trust plays an important role in constructing UWSNs. Due to the dynamic natures of UWSNs (current movement, addition or deletion of nodes) and the massive deployment of underwater sensor nodes, coupled with the short range of water acoustic communications, we need to ensure that all communicating nodes are trusted. We propose a hierarchical trust management scheme for one-hop cluster-based underwater wireless sensor networks.
Quality Improvements by Implementing Lean Manufacturing Principles
Authors: Naveen S. , Nithyanandam Ganesh Kumar
Published: March 2012

Nowadays, customers are well aware of quality and they purchase only quality products. Thanks to globalization! In order to achieve highest quality products, companies need to adapt the latest and advanced technologies in their industries. Failure to adapt these new trends would lead to less profit and or huge loss and eventually shutdown of their business to its competitors. A case study on discrete manufacturing company was conducted to analyze the above phenomenon. The selected case study company is pioneer in manufacturing plastic injection moulding machines in India. Several lean tools and techniques are implemented to eliminate its unwanted waste in their production line. All these aid to development of optimum facility layout, good workplace, ergonomic designed work cells for operators, improvement in productivity of the operator (by 28%), to name a few. By achieving all these, the overall product (plastic injection moulding machine) quality is improved by 23%.
A Size-Bed Wheelchair Design Manufacture with Scaled Prototype and Kinematic-Virtual Reality Model Simulation
Authors: Khalid Hasnan Bin , Luhur Saesar Budi , Prima Yudhistira Adhi
Published: March 2012

This paper presents the design verification of a novel concept wheelchair using SimMechanics toolboxes. A wheelchair-sized bed concept (patent pending) with 3 modes of ability (sitting-lying-standing) is proposed. Design begins by deciding the actuator and the component integrated in reality. The 3D wheelchair model was done in AutoCAD 3D and in Vrealm builder to connect with simulink. All components like joint, frame, actuator, gear box and any other part of wheelchair was register in SimMechanics. To verify the kinematics model, a joystick input was connected to the model for visual movement and collision verification. Finally from virtual reality simulation and SimMechanics kinematic modeling, the movement and collision can be verified, and also the actuator condition can be reported.
Derailment Analysis of Tilting Railway Vehicles with Wind Loads
Authors: Cheng Yung Chang , Hsu Chin Te , Tu Te Wen , Chen Chern Hwa , Tsai Meng Ju
Published: March 2012

In this article, equations of motion of tilting vehicle system, considering the lateral displacement, roll angle and yaw angle of each wheelset, the lateral displacement, vertical displacement, roll angle and yaw angle of the truck frame and the car body, are derived. The tilting vehicle system is modeled by a tilting train system with 24 degree-of-freedom (24-DOF) system traveling on curved tracks. Considering the cross-wind forces acting on the car body in the lateral, vertical and roll directions, the influences of the vehicle speeds on derailment quotients are investigated. Additionally, the effects of the vehicle speeds on the derailment quotients are presented and compared with wind loads and the various tilting angles.
Improved Hybrid Taboo Search with its Application in Computer-Aided Optimization Problem
Authors: Wang Jia Yang , Zhang Bi , Li Zuo Yong , Xu Lei
Published: March 2012

A new improved algorithm of Taboo Search (TS), namely, Hybrid Taboo Search (HTS) is first introduced and tried for several test functions having multiple local optima. Here, Taboo Search was improved by combining Immune Arithmetic (IA) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Several strategies to improve the TS have been presented before, but the focus here is on the novelty, availability and precision of algorithm. There are several optimization problems in computer-aided design, so the article used the improved HTS in computer-aided optimization problems, the performance of which is compared with the performance of conventional TS (TS). Results show that HTS plays an important role in solving computer-aided optimization problems with the effectiveness and higher accuracy.
CCD Image Geometrical Distortion Correct and Large Touch Screen
Authors: Xing Ji Sheng , Wang Gang , Wang Shi Gang , Zhuang Wen Hai , Wu Jin Zhong
Published: March 2012

There are geometric distortions in all the images produced by the CCD camera lens, and the distortions are all nonlinear. Coordinate conversion is an effective method for geometric correction. The calculations will boost as the higher degrees of the polynomial. It is impossible to apply directly in real time correction system. This article introduces a correction according to divided areas through linear polynomial on the base of higher degree polynomial coordinate conversions. In the method the image is divided into uneven loop like areas at first. In each area you can take a linear polynomial approximating higher degree polynomial. Because CCD camera lens distortions are radial distortions, high precision can be acquired through the linear polynomial on the base of higher degree polynomial. In the same time the calculations can be decreased and meet the needs of real-time correction. Apply this method on large touch screen, it can correct the distortion effectively and is useful in engineering.
Curing Behavior Characterization of Phenolic Resin Derived from Starch
Authors: Han Yan Ming , Huang Luo Hua , Qin Te Fu
Published: March 2012

With increasing concern about the protection of the environment and the shortage of petroleum resources, the synthesis of polymer materials from renewable biomass resources has attracted a lot of attention. Starch based phenolic resin was prepared via hydrolyzation and condensation of starch at different temperatures from 120 °C to 200 °C. Gel time, apparent activation energies for curing reaction, impact strength, crystal structure and thermal resistance were studied. The results showed that: (1) the apparent activation energy for curing reaction was 19.8 kJ/mol; (2) crystal structure changed as a function of starch hydrolysis; (3) electron microscopy showed the disappearance of starch during the hydrolyzation; (4) the impact strength of starch based phenolic resin was 741 J/m2 and residual mass at 600 °C was 40%. These results were compared with those of formaldehyde based phenolic resin, and it was detected that starch could be used to prepare phenolic resin in replacement of formaldehyde
Positioning Method for Underwater Target by Sea-Surface Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Xu Wei Ming , Wei Lin Hai , Wang Geng Feng
Published: March 2012

To solve the precise positioning issue of underwater maneuver targets (UMTs), based on sea-surface wireless sensor networks (S2WSN) technique, this paper proposes a new positioning algorithm without exterior satellite-based or earth-based wireless navigation information as well as underwater space-time datum. The measure equations of UMT’s positioning are assembled by combining the relative radio ranges among ships with the angles of arrival from UMT. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that the bias of the proposed algorithm, in which the weight of heterogeneous information is adaptively adjusted by Helmert technology, is only 10% around of the conventional single platform acoustics positioning technology.
Study of Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanotube Derived from Different Anodized Parameters
Authors: Srimuangmak Kittirong , Sutham Niyomwas
Published: March 2012

In this study titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) were prepared by anodization method. The effects of the temperature, time and voltage on the anodization process were investigated in detail. Photocatalytic activity of the TNT films was evaluated in terms of the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under UV light irradiation. The results showed that the optimization of temperature, voltage and time on anodization process were 45oC, 20 V and 1 day, respectively. Consequently, these results indicate that the optimization of anodization process is critical to achieve the high performance of photocatalytic reaction.
A Study on Road Planning in the Process of Socialist Countryside Construction
Authors: Wang Shu Hong , Jia Chun Yan , Li Ming
Published: March 2012

With the comprehensive implementation of construction of new socialist countryside, a large number of studies and researches relating to new rural construction planning have been emerged. How to build the program of road network with local characteristics, which are based on reality of the situation and adapted to the future development, the author probed into this issue with the example of road planning of Shengying Village, Yaodian Town, Dengzhou City, Henan Province. And the author has worked out a number of road planning experiences for sustainable development of countryside construction.
Rapid Determination of Fumonisin B1 in Food Samples by a Clean-Up Tandem Immunoassay Column
Authors: Wang Yan , Wu Guang He , Sheng Wei , Zhang Yan , Yuan Meng , Wang Shuo
Published: March 2012

An immunochemistry-based assay for non-instrumental simultaneous detection of fumonisins in food was developed. The method was based upon the direct competitive immuno-reaction and the horse radish peroxidase enzymatic reaction. The assay was developed to show a visual detection result, according to a yes/no response to the LOD of fumonisins. The limit of detection (LOD) was 40 μg L-1. The assay could be accomplished within 15 min in all and 4 min for chromogenic substrate application. The fumonisin contaminations in different kinds of food were analyzed by the proposed method and the results were confirmed by ELISA. Avoiding time-consuming reaction steps and complicated pre-treatment procedures, this assay was demonstrated as a promising tool for on-site sample detections.
Automated Precipitate Identification for Sludge Volume Indicator
Authors: Lee Han Soo , Kim Su Dae , Kim Yong Hyun , Kim Jung Min , Kim Sung Shin
Published: March 2012

Nowadays, since sewage disposal plant monitoring system is changed to combine automating control system tendency, automatic measurement method is widely applicable water temperature, pH, BOD, COD, suspended solid, etc. And its tendency is accumulated objective data. However, in the case of leaking suspended solid concentration measurement, it is literally not a long way from managing settling procedure. Because it has an effect on SS concentration of leaked water only when settled ability is disturbed. In other words, it means that research about solid-liquid separation activated sludge on automated monitoring system currently lacks, and needs research in this field. Considering that sedimentation process in the biological treatment process is one of the most important part, currently performed way, namely, SVI measured and judged by experienced specialists in standard procedure has weaknesses which objectivity cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, for maintaining the consistency of judging criteria and ensuring continuity of knowledge, objectified in the settling process is needed to build diagnostic systems. This paper proposed the method using image processing techniques over time due to settling of the sludge is analyzed for changes in height, also due to changes in sedimentation rate by analyzing the performance of the sludge settling, then send administrator for the system to pass the current state of the sludge.
Image Surveillance System in the Unattended Substation Based on Harris Corner Detection
Authors: Song Jia , Xu Hong Sheng
Published: March 2012

The applications of the remote image surveillance in the unattended substation were limited by the narrow bandwidth of wireless communication network. A novel method is proposed to adapt the wireless environment. The technique, implemented to obtain the digital instrument’s reading which is set as the ROI(region of interest) automatically, utilizes Harris corner detection. Then the ROI encoding in JPEG2000 technology is used in the image of the region of interest compressed at a higher quality than the rest of the image. The instrument’s reading information of unattended substation can be transmitted to dispatching center using wireless network effectively. Results show that the proposed method is feasible in terms of image quality and compression, adapting the narrow bandwidth, and improving the image of the real-time transmission.
On the 3-Dimensional Channel Capacity Formula and MIMO Theory
Authors: Fu Hai Yang , Ye Si Shuai , Tan Sheng , Jia Xiang Dong
Published: March 2012

As multi-antenna being used in MIMO system to transmit signals with the same carrier frequency, one physical channel will contain multi-virtual independent Rayleigh fading channel (VIRFC), among which very small relative time delay is existed, so the definition in MIMO theory for the independent Rayleigh fading channel (IRFC) in MIMO system is wrong. Based on the Shannon formula and the principle of phase-controlled antenna array, an SHPCA system would be presented in the paper to substitute the MIMO system, as well as the 3-dimensional channel capacity formula with its capacity proportional to the number of antennas and that of space division multiplex (SDM), which would have higher efficiency than Shannon formula. Also the principle and research method to obtain the gain of channel capacity would be given in the paper, so as the simulation results.
Calculation of Coupled Modes for Vibro-Acoustic Problems
Authors: Beldi M. , Lamia Z.
Published: March 2012

A new numerical method for the study of elasto-acoustic structures coupled with fluid-filled cavities has been developed. This method essentially consists of solving the eigenvalue problem for the determination of elasto-acoustic modes. The Numerical methods commonly used for its resolution is based on the mass coupling. However, this approach requires for it is resolution the inversion of a singular matrix, "the stiffness matrix of the fluid". We then propose a new numerical method based on stiffness coupling by using modal superposition techniques through a change of variable which shows a symmetric and regular problem in terms of displacement of the elastic structure and in terms of fluid pressure in the cavity.
The Study of Numerical Control Algorithm and Hardware
Authors: Wu Rui , Xu Yuan Kui
Published: March 2012

With the continuous progress of science and technology, manufacturing has been a huge space for development. Nowadays numerical control system is widely used in manufacturing. Numerical control system is actually manufacturing control system. By actual information required, with decoded by computer, after information processing It will the process control operations of machine tools to process out the right components. With more complexity of manufacturing, we have higher requirements to pretreatment data of numerical control system. This paper will focus on numerical control algorithm and hardware system to study.
Design of a Multi-Locomotion Underwater Robot
Authors: Ho Thanhtam , Xin Li Li
Published: March 2012

This paper reports the design and simulation results of a novel underwater robot which can perform both fish-style and dolphin-style swimming. Locomotion modes of the robot include straight swimming, left/right turning, upward/downward swimming and rolling. The outstanding feature of the robot is that it can make a rapid change of its beating style simply by rotating the center of mass. Although it has a simple structure actuated by three RC-servo motors, the robot possesses great maneuverability, which is verified by computer simulation
The Research of Lighting Control System Based on NRF24L01 Wireless Network
Authors: Ma Bin , Sun Jie
Published: March 2012

Traditional lighting has many disadvantages, such as dispersed control, energy inefficacy, which could waste much of human and material resources. With people demands of controlling light source and saving energy, intelligent lighting become realistic with the help of RF and NC technologies. This paper designs an intelligent lighting control network using nRF24L01, and the network has set up in a lighting system experiment. This network make full use of the advantage of wireless sensor networks, it can be used in a variety of control systems to solve the problem of decentralized control. Compared with the traditional control mode, it would not only improve source utilization ratio, but also make better the lighting system management.
Influence of Unground Palm Oil Fuel Ash (UPOFA) in Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) Properties
Authors: Riza Fetra Venny , Rahman I.A. , Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad
Published: March 2012

This paper presents the preliminary study of the Unground Palm Oil Fuel Ash (UPOFA) addition on the Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) characteristic. POFA as a by product of palm oil kiln was found out to have pozzolanic properties and could be used to create cementitious materials. Previous researches believed that original or unground POFA is not suitable as cement replacement due to its large particle size and porous structure. Compressed earth bricks of 100 x 50 x 25 mm with manual compaction with compression rate 2000 psi were produced with additional of UPOFA passing 300 µm sieve and it was discovered that the addition of 40% UPOFA could enhanced the bricks compressive strength up to 13.89 MPa and decrease the brick water absorption until 15.3%. Incorporating UPOFA in CEB production will definitely resulted in cost efficient considering cost saving in grinding process.
Evaluation of the Physiochemical Properties of Molybdenum Supported Catalysts
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Ramli Anita , Subbarao Duvvuri
Published: March 2012

Molybdenum catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3 and γ-Al2O3-MgO mixed oxide with varying loading of MgO (5, 10, 15, 20 wt% with respect to γ-Al2O3) were prepared successfully by wet impregnation method. The physiochemical properties of these synthesized Mo catalysts were studied by various analytical techniques such as N2 adsorption–desorption (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR).The results showed that the addition of MgO into the support affected the binding energies of the elements and reducibility of the metal oxides formed after calcination of catalyst samples due to change in metal-support interaction. Further, the characterization techniques showed that the active metal was well dispersed on the surface of support material.
Synthesis and Characterization of SnO2/N-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Sikong Lek , Panritdam H. , Chungsiriporn Juntima , Te-Chato S.
Published: March 2012

SnO2/N – doped TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by the modified sol-gel method. Tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, urea and polyethylene glycol were used as precursors and calcined at a temperature of 500 °C for 2 h for making powders. Different interstitial amount of nitrogen additives were in range of 0 to 40 mol%N. The XRD patterns show the TiO2 nanocomposites are anatase phase. It was also apparent that doped nitrogen has an effect on crystallite size and band gap energy on absorbed light wavelength leading of enhancement of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 composite nanoparticles. The result showed 20 mol%N of TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited high photocatalytic activity, redshift in adsorption edge and a small crystallite size.
Self-Compacting Concrete Prepared Using Rice Husk Ash Waste from Electric Power Plants
Authors: Sua-Iam Gritsada , Makul Natt
Published: March 2012

We investigated self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixtures containing rice husk ash (RHA) from electric power plants. Type 1 Portland cement (OPC) was partially replaced by RHA at levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, or 40% of the total weight of the binder materials (OPC or RHA, 275, 325, or 375 kg/m3). The mixtures were adjusted to maintain slump flow diameters of 50 ± 2.5 or 60 ± 2.5 cm. The RHA was in the form of partially amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles with an equivalent volume mean particle size of 24.32 µm. Increasing the RHA fraction resulted in a decrease in unit weight and an increase in the corresponding water/binder ratio and T50 V-funnel times. Use of 20% RHA produced a material with a long-term compressive strength similar to the control SCC.
Resistive Polymer Memory Materials Containing Electron Donor and Acceptor Moieties
Authors: Wang Kun Li , Lee Jian Wei , Shih I Hao , Liu Yi Liang , Kang En Tang
Published: March 2012

Two series of polymers including polyimides and poly(aryl ether)s were prepared and used as active layers of polymer memories. The poly(aryl ether)-based polymers showed flash behaviors and polyimide-based polymers showed WORM behaviors. The poly(aryl ether)s flash memories can be negatively switched on and positively switched off, and the switching voltages are relative to the chemical structure of bisphenol moiety. On the other hand, the polyimide-based polymer devices can be bidirectionally switched on with comparable positive and negative switching threshold voltages, but cannot be switched off. The polyimides showed write-once-and-read- many-times (WORM) memory behavior. The poly(aryl ether) (AZTA-PAEb) showed very different memory behavior from polyimides (AZTA-PI and AZTA-PEI) although they contain the similar chemical structure (electron-donor triphenylamine and electron-acceptor triazine moieties). The imide structure in the polyimides plays a great role in the memory effects.
The Properties of Water Hydraulic High-Speed On/Off Valve Ceramic-Based
Authors: Wang Qing Hui , Wu Zhang Yong , Duan Zhen Hua , Wen Cheng Zhuo , Wu Xi
Published: March 2012

In order to solve the severe wear problem of the core in water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve, according to the requirements of high-speed on/off valve components in water hydraulic transmission and from the practical standpoint, the core manufactured with ceramic materials could bring its advantages of high strength, big hardness, good wearability, non-affection with corrosion into play.By the wear-resisting experiment the wear case of Si3N4 ceramic core has been studied with weight-loss method by electronic analysis balanc.The results show that the core manufactured with Si3N4 has high abrasion resistance and low wear rate, and the structure design of water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve with ceramic core is reasonable and the performance is good.
Metallurgical Studies on the Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar A356 and A413 Alloys
Authors: Elatharasan G. , Kumar V.S. Senthil
Published: March 2012

Friction stir welding is a technique useful for joining aluminum alloys that are difficult to weld. In recent years, however the focuses has been on welding dissimilar aluminum alloys, and analyze their mechanical properties and micro-structural characteristics. In the present study, the less investigated welding of cast aluminum alloys is considered. Cast aluminum alloys, A356 and A413, commonly used in automotive and aerospace industries, were friction-stir welded and their mechanical properties and micro-structural characteristics were analyzed. On testing their welded region, no welding defects were observed. The welded region exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 90 N/mm2 and Vickers micro-hardness of 56.8. The micro-structural observations at the nugget region revealed a refined grain structure.
Effect of Distributed Attached Mass on the Vibration of Sandwich Panel Using Higher Order ESL Theory
Authors: Tafazoli Shahab , Khalili S.M.R.
Published: March 2012

In this paper, effects of adding a distributed attached mass added to the face sheets of sandwich panels on free vibration of the system are investigated. Higher order equivalent single layer (ESL) theory is expanded and used. Mass Inertias of the distributed attached mass are taking into account. Various design parameters including geometrical and material properties, such as density, thickness of the attached mass and the panel are investigated to show the decreasing effect on the fundamental natural frequency of the system due to the adding of the distributed attached mass.
Prediction of Failure in Thin-Walled Hemispherical GRP Dome Subjected to Static Internal Pressure Based on a Failure Factor
Authors: Gohery Scott , Golshan Abolfazl , Nia Amin Bassiri , Hashemzadeh Mohammadhassan
Published: March 2012

Failure analysis of one-ply thin-walled hemispherical GRP dome internally pressurized was checked via analytical approach and finite element simulations using ABAQUS and MATLAB software. Tsai-Wu failure criterion was employed during analysis. The failure factor against changes of dome’s geometrical parameters was investigated. Subsequently, laminated hemispherical GRP dome failure behavior was theoretically analyzed using MATLAB software. During the analysis some geometrical parameters were assumed to be constant. Moreover, symmetrical laminations were taken into account. The Tsai-Wu failure factor was checked based on changes of applied internal pressure, ply thickness, dome’s internal radius and ratio of dome’s internal radius over ply thickness. The behavior was determined to be linear and quadratic both.
Effect of N2 Flow Rate on Structure and Morphology of (Ti,Cr)N Thin Films Deposited by Unbalanced Magnetron Co-Sputtering
Authors: Paksunchai Chutima , Denchitcharoen Somyod , Chaiyakun Surasing , Limsuwan Pichet
Published: March 2012

The (Ti,Cr)N thin films were deposited with various N2 flow rates on silicon wafers by reactive unbalanced magnetron co-sputtering without heating and biasing substrates. The effects of N2 flow rate on the structure and morphologies of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results revealed that the (Ti,Cr)N thin films formed solid solutions with the fcc structure. The crystallite sizes calculated from Scherrer formula are about 13 nm. The root-mean-square roughness (Rrms) and the thickness (Tth) of the films were slightly decreased with the increase in N2 flow rate. The cross-sectional morphology showed columnar structure corresponding to zone 2. In addition, the N atomic concentration was also increased with the increase in N2 flow rate.
Effects of Water as Non-Solvent Additive on Performance of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane
Authors: Yunos Muhamad Zaini , Harun Zawati , Basri H. , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi
Published: March 2012

In this work, polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via simple phase inversion with distilled water as non-solvent additive. The main reason for the addition of water in polysulfone dope solution preparation was to enhance the membranes structure. In the dope, 15 wt. % of polysulfone was used and water was varied up to 6 wt. %. The effects of water on morphology, porosity and tensile properties were investigated in detail. From the porosity test, results showed that the addition of water has improved membrane porosity up to 53 %. The FESEM images revealed that membrane morphology has also been modified. However, the tensile properties of membrane decreased as water content increased which may be due to the porosity interaction between polysulfone/NMP with water.
Application of Fiberglass-Polyester Paving Mat in Engineering
Authors: Yi Chao Jue , Zhai Peng Cheng
Published: March 2012

Fiberglass-Polyester Paving Mat is a new compound synthetic material, and a compound of fiberglass and polyester, which advantages include high strength, low elongation, good compatibility with bitumen, resistance of high temperature and corrosiveness. This paper mainly elaborated the performance of Fiberglass-Polyester Paving Mat, such as delaying cracking, alleviating the crack development, which can effectively prevent the road surface water infiltration and improve the pavement performance in asphalt pavement construction and transformation. Based on the forming mechanism of reflective cracks, this article describes the engineering application of fiberglass-polyester paving mat in the prevention of reflection crack of bituminous pavement and in waterproofing of the paving layer in tunnels, thus providing the basis for the application of Fiberglass-Polyester Paving Mat in highway construction and maintenance engineering.
Polyaniline-Stannous Oxide Composites: Novel Material for Broadband EMI Shielding
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Khasim Syed
Published: March 2012

Insitu polymerization of aniline was carried out in the presence of stannous oxide (SnO) to synthesize Polyaniline (PAni)/SnO composites by chemical oxidation method. The surface morphology of the composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties of the composites were investigated for different wt % of SnO (10,20,30,40 and 50 wt%) in PAni. The EMI measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 8.2 to 12.4 GHz (X-band), which is relevant for practical applications. EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), microwave absorption and reflection, the influence of SnO concentration in PAni on EMI SE of the composites are reported. The composites exhibit EMI SE value of -18 to -23 dB. The absorption dominated EMI SE of these composites indicates the potential applications of these materials for microwave attenuation in the X-band.
Tensile Properties of Clay/Polypropylene Nanocomposites at Cryogenic Temperature
Authors: Khalili S. Mohammad Reza , Soleimani Neda , Farsani Reza Eslami , Hedayatnasab Ziba
Published: March 2012

In this paper, the polypropylene (PP)nanocomposites containing 1, 3 and 5 wt % of nanoclay particles are prepared via direct melt mixing in the presence of maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP-g-MA) as compatibilizing agent. PP-g-MA is known to facilitate the dispersion of clay particles in a nonpolar PP matrix and to increase the adhesion between PP and the clay particles.The effect of different nanoclay contents on the PP composites are investigated for tensile characterization at both room temperature(RT) and cryogenic temperature (CT).The results showed that the cryogenic tensile strength, Young’s modulus, percentage of displacement at break and the energy absorptionat cryogenic temperature are all enhanced ascompared to the neat PP by the addition of clay at appropriate contents