bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pan-cancer multi-omics analysis of PTBP1 reveals it as an inflammatory, progressive and prognostic marker in glioma
Authors: Ye Zheng , Zhong Yan , Zhang Zhiyuan
Published: June 2024

PTBP1 is an oncogene that regulates the splicing of precursor mRNA. However, the relationship between PTBP1 expression and gene methylation, cancer prognosis, and tumor microenvironment remains unclear. The expression profiles of PTBP1 across various cancers were derived from the TCGA, as well as the GTEx and CGGA databases. The CGGA mRNA_325, CGGA mRNA_301, and CGGA mRNA_693 datasets were utilized as validation cohorts. Immune cell infiltration scores were approximated using the TIMER 2.0 tool. Functional enrichment analysis for groups with high and low PTBP1 expression was conducted using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Methylation data were predominantly sourced from the SMART and Mexpress databases. Linked-omics analysis was employed to perform functional enrichment analysis of genes related to PTBP1 methylation, as well as to conduct protein functional enrichment analysis. Single-cell transcriptome analysis and spatial transcriptome analysis were carried out using Seurat version 4.10. Compared to normal tissues, PTBP1 is significantly overexpressed and hypomethylated in various cancers. It is implicated in prognosis, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, genomic variation, tumor neoantigen load, and tumor mutational burden across a spectrum of cancers, with particularly notable effects in low-grade gliomas. In the context of gliomas, PTBP1 expression correlates with WHO grade and IDH1 mutation status. PTBP1 expression and methylation play an important role in a variety of cancers. PTBP1 can be used as a marker of inflammation, progression and prognosis in gliomas.
Prevalence and death rate of birth defects from population-based surveillance in Hunan Province, China, 2010–2020
Authors: Zhou Xu , Xie Donghua , Jiang Yurong , Fang Junqun
Published: June 2024

To describe the prevalence and death rate of birth defects from population-based surveillance in Hunan Province, China. Data were obtained from the population-based Birth Defects Surveillance System in Hunan Province, China (2010–2020). The surveillance population included all live births, stillbirths, infant deaths, and legal terminations of pregnancy from 28 weeks of gestation to 42 days after birth between 2010 and 2020 when the mother resided in the surveillance area (Liuyang County and Shifeng District, Hunan Province). The prevalence of birth defects is the number of birth defects per 1000 infants (‰). The death rate of birth defects is the number of deaths attributable to birth defects per 100 birth defects (%). The prevalence and death rate with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by the log-binomial method. Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the association of each demographic characteristic with birth defects. Our study included 228,444 infants, and 4453 birth defects were identified, with a prevalence of 19.49‰ (95%CI 18.92–20.07). Congenital heart defects were the most common specific defects (5.29‰), followed by limb defects (4.01‰). Birth defects were more common in males than females (22.34‰ vs. 16.26‰, OR = 1.38, 95%CI 1.30–1.47), in premature birth than not (91.82‰ vs. 16.14‰, OR = 6.16, 95%CI 5.72–6.65), in birth weight < 2500 g (98.26‰ vs. 16.22‰, OR = 6.61, 95%CI 6.11–7.15) or > 4000 g (19.48‰ vs. 16.22‰, OR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.03–1.42) than birth weight 2500–4000 g, in hospitalized deliveries than other institutions (22.16‰ vs. 11.74‰, OR = 1.91, 95%CI 1.76–2.07), in multiple births than singletons (28.50‰ vs. 19.28‰, OR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.27–1.76), in maternal age < 20 years (26.33‰ vs. 18.69‰, OR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.15–1.76) or >  = 35 years (24.31‰ vs. 18.69‰, OR = 1.31, 95%CI 1.18–1.45) than maternal age 25–29 years, and in number of pregnancies >  = 4 (22.91‰ vs. 18.92‰, OR = 1.22, 95%CI 1.10–1.35) than the first pregnancy. A total of 747 deaths attributable to birth defects were identified, including 603 (80.72%) stillbirths, 75 (10.04%) deaths within 7 days after birth, 46 (6.16%) deaths in 7–27 days after birth, 23 (3.08%) deaths in 28–42 days after birth. The death rate of birth defects was 16.78% (95%CI 15.57–17.98). Deaths attributable to birth defects accounted for 51.09% (747/1462) of all deaths. Central nervous system defects had the highest death rate (90.27%), and neonatal genetic metabolic defects had the lowest death rate (0.39%). In summary, we have described the prevalence and epidemiology of birth defects from population-based surveillance in Hunan Province, China, 2010–2020. There were differences in the prevalence and death rate of birth defects between population-based surveillance and hospital-based surveillance.
Distributed transformer for high order epistasis detection in large-scale datasets
Authors: Graça Miguel , Nobre Ricardo , Sousa Leonel , Ilic Aleksandar
Published: June 2024

Understanding the genetic basis of complex diseases is one of the most important challenges in current precision medicine. To this end, Genome-Wide Association Studies aim to correlate Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to the presence or absence of certain traits. However, these studies do not consider interactions between several SNPs, known as epistasis, which explain most genetic diseases. Analyzing SNP combinations to detect epistasis is a major computational task, due to the enormous search space. A possible solution is to employ deep learning strategies for genomic prediction, but the lack of explainability derived from the black-box nature of neural networks is a challenge yet to be addressed. Herein, a novel, flexible, portable, and scalable framework for network interpretation based on transformers is proposed to tackle any-order epistasis. The results on various epistasis scenarios show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods for explainability, while being scalable to large datasets and portable to various deep learning accelerators. The proposed framework is validated on three WTCCC datasets, identifying SNPs related to genes known in the literature that have direct relationships with the studied diseases.
Solitary wave solutions of the time fractional Benjamin Bona Mahony Burger equation
Authors: Pavani K. , Raghavendar K. , Aruna K.
Published: June 2024

The present study examines the approximate solutions of the time fractional Benjamin Bona Mahony Burger equation. This equation is critical for characterizing the dynamics of water waves and fluid acoustic gravity waves, as well as explaining the unidirectional propagation of long waves in nonlinear dispersive systems. This equation also describes cold plasma for hydromagnetic and audio waves in harmonic crystals. The natural transform decomposition method is used to obtain the analytical solution to the time fractional Benjamin Bona Mahony Burger equation. The proposed method uses the Caputo, Caputo Fabrizio, and Atangana Baleanu Caputo derivatives to describe the fractional derivative. We utilize a numerical example with appropriate initial conditions to assess the correctness of our findings. The results of the proposed method are compared to those of the exact solution and various existing techniques, such as the fractional homotopy analysis transform method and the homotopy perturbation transform technique. As a result, bell shaped solitons are discovered under the influence of hyperbolic functions. By comparing the outcomes with tables and graphs, the findings demonstrate the efficacy and effectiveness of the suggested approach.
Infrared thermography reveals weathering hotspots at the Požáry field laboratory
Authors: Loche Marco , Racek Ondřej , Petružálek Matěj , Scaringi Gianvito , Blahůt Jan
Published: June 2024

Evaluating physical properties and mechanical parameters of rock slopes and their spatial variability is challenging, particularly at locations inaccessible for fieldwork. This obstacle can be bypassed by acquiring spatially-distributed field data indirectly. InfraRed Thermography (IRT) has emerged as a promising technology to statistically infer rock properties and inform slope stability models. Here, we explore the use of Cooling Rate Indices (CRIs) to quantify the thermal response of a granodiorite rock wall within the recently established Požáry Test Site in Czechia. We observe distinct cooling patterns across different segments of the wall, compatible with the different degrees of weathering evaluated in the laboratory and suggested by IRT observations of cored samples. Our findings support previous examinations of the efficacy of this method and unveil correlations between cooling phases in the field and in the laboratory. We discuss the scale-dependency of the Informative Time Window (ITW) of the CRIs, noting that it may serve as a reference for conducting systematic IRT field surveys. We contend that our approach not only represents a viable and scientifically robust strategy for characterising rock slopes but also holds the potential for identifying unstable areas.
Sex ratios in vocal ensembles affect perceptions of threat and belonging
Authors: Neuenswander Kelsey L. , Goodale Brianna M. , Bryant Gregory A. , Johnson Kerri L.
Published: June 2024

People often interact with groups (i.e., ensembles) during social interactions. Given that group-level information is important in navigating social environments, we expect perceptual sensitivity to aspects of groups that are relevant for personal threat as well as social belonging. Most ensemble perception research has focused on visual ensembles, with little research looking at auditory or vocal ensembles. Across four studies, we present evidence that (i) perceivers accurately extract the sex composition of a group from voices alone, (ii) judgments of threat increase concomitantly with the number of men, and (iii) listeners’ sense of belonging depends on the number of same-sex others in the group. This work advances our understanding of social cognition, interpersonal communication, and ensemble coding to include auditory information, and reveals people’s ability to extract relevant social information from brief exposures to vocalizing groups.
Direct oral anticoagulants for oral anticoagulants-naïve Asian patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis
Authors: Roh Jae-Hyung , Kim Yong-Giun , Kim Doyeon , Park Sangwoo , Park Kyung Sun , Kim Minsu , Hwang Ki Won , Hwang Wonmook , Park Gyung-Min , Lee Jae-Hwan
Published: June 2024

In Asian patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis, the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remains debatable. From the national health insurance claims data in South Korea, we included 425 new users of OAC among patients with non-valvular AF and ESRD undergoing dialysis between 2013 and 2020. Patients were categorized into DOAC (n = 106) and warfarin group (n = 319). Clinical outcomes, including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, were compared between the two groups using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis. During the median follow-up of 3.2 years, the incidence of ischemic stroke was significantly reduced in the DOAC compared to the warfarin group [Hazard ratio (HR) 0.07; P = 0.001]. However, the incidence of MI (HR 1.32; P = 0.41) and GI bleeding (HR 1.78; P = 0.06) were not significantly different between the two groups. No ICH events occurred in the DOAC group, although the incidence rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.17). In Asian patients with AF and ESRD undergoing dialysis, DOACs may be associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke compared with warfarin. The MI, ICH, and GI bleeding rates may be comparable between DOACs and warfarin.
Full-length transcriptome sequencing of Arabidopsis plants provided new insights into the autophagic regulation of photosynthesis
Authors: Wang Song , Shi Yunfeng , Zhou Yanhui , Hu Weiming , Liu Fen
Published: June 2024

Autophagy is a highly conserved eukaryotic pathway and plays a crucial role in cell survival under stress conditions. Here, we applied a full-length transcriptome approach to study an Arabidopsis autophagy mutant (atg5-1) subjected to nitrogen-starvation, using Oxford Nanopore Technologies. A total of 39,033 transcripts were identified, including 11,356 new transcripts. In addition, alternative splicing (AS) events and lncRNAs were also detected between Col-0 (WT) and atg5-1. Differentially expressed transcript enrichment showed that autophagy upregulates the expression of many stress-responsive genes and inhibits the transcription of photosynthesis-associated genes. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression patterns of photosynthesis-related genes in the atg5-1 differed under the conditions of nitrogen starvation and carbon starvation. Under nitrogen starvation treatment, many genes related to photosynthesis also exhibited AS. Chlorophyll fluorescence images revealed that the Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of old atg5-1 leaves were significantly reduced after nitrogen starvation treatment, but the Y(NPQ) indices were significantly increased compared to those of the WT plants. The results of qRT-PCR suggest that autophagy appears to be involved in the degradation of genes related to photodamage repair in PSII. Taken together, the full-length transcriptiome sequencing provide new insights into how new transcripts, lncRNAs and alternative splicing (AS) are involved in plant autophagy through full-length transcriptome sequencing and suggest a new potential link between autophagy and photosynthesis.
TLR9 agonism differentially impacts human NK cell-mediated direct killing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Mahr Anna R. , Bennett-Boehm Maia M. C. , Rothemejer Frederik H. , Weber Isabelle S. , Regan Alexander K. , Franzen Josh Q. , Bisson Cami R. , Truong Angela N. , Olesen Rikke , Schleimann Mariane H. , Rauter Claudia M. , Smith Audrey L. , El-Gamal Dalia , Søgaard Ole S. , Tolstrup Martin , Denton Paul W.
Published: June 2024

There are two known mechanisms by which natural killer (NK) cells recognize and kill diseased targets: (i) direct killing and (ii) antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). We investigated an indirect NK cell activation strategy for the enhancement of human NK cell killing function. We did this by leveraging the fact that toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonism within pools of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) results in a robust interferon signaling cascade that leads to NK cell activation. After TLR9 agonist stimulation, NK cells were enriched and incorporated into assays to assess their ability to kill tumor cell line targets. Notably, differential impacts of TLR9 agonism were observed—direct killing was enhanced while ADCC was not increased. To ensure that the observed differential effects were not attributable to differences between human donors, we recapitulated the observation using our Natural Killer—Simultaneous ADCC and Direct Killing Assay (NK-SADKA) that controls for human-to-human differences. Next, we observed a treatment-induced decrease in NK cell surface CD16—known to be shed by NK cells post-activation. Given the essential role of CD16 in ADCC, such shedding could account for the observed differential impact of TLR9 agonism on NK cell-mediated killing capacity.
Visfatin impact on the proteome of porcine luteal cells during implantation
Authors: Kopij Grzegorz , Kiezun Marta , Gudelska Marlena , Dobrzyn Kamil , Zarzecka Barbara , Rytelewska Edyta , Zaobidna Ewa , Swiderska Bianka , Malinowska Agata , Rak Agnieszka , Kaminski Tadeusz , Smolinska Nina
Published: June 2024

Visfatin (VIS) is a hormone belonging to the adipokines’ group secreted mainly by the adipose tissue. VIS plays a crucial role in the control of energy homeostasis, inflammation, cell differentiation, and angiogenesis. VIS expression was confirmed in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis structures, as well as in the uterus, placenta, and conceptuses. We hypothesised that VIS may affect the abundance of proteins involved in the regulation of key processes occurring in the corpus luteum (CL) during the implantation process in pigs. In the present study, we performed the high-throughput proteomic analysis (liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, LC–MS/MS) to examine the in vitro influence of VIS (100 ng/mL) on differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the porcine luteal cells (LCs) on days 15–16 of pregnancy (implantation period). We have identified 511 DRPs, 276 of them were up-regulated, and 235 down-regulated in the presence of VIS. Revealed DRPs were assigned to 162 gene ontology terms. Western blot analysis of five chosen DRPs, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 1 (ADAMTS1), lanosterol 14-α demethylase (CYP51A1), inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA), notch receptor 3 (NOTCH3), and prostaglandin E synthase 2 (mPGES2) confirmed the veracity and accuracy of LC–MS/MS method. We indicated that VIS modulates the expression of proteins connected with the regulation of lipogenesis and cholesterologenesis, and, in consequence, may be involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones, as well as prostaglandins’ metabolism. Moreover, we revealed that VIS affects the abundance of protein associated with ovarian cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as CL new vessel formation and tissue remodelling. Our results suggest important roles for VIS in the regulation of ovarian functions during the peri-implantation period.
MRI-based adrenal gland volume is associated with cardiovascular alterations in individuals without prior cardiovascular disease
Authors: Askani Esther , Rospleszcz Susanne , Lorbeer Roberto , Wintergerst Charlotte , Müller-Peltzer Katharina , Nattenmüller Johanna , Hasic Dunja , von Krüchten Ricarda , Kellner Elias , Reisert Marco , Rathmann Wolfgang , Peters Annette , Schlett Christopher L. , Bamberg Fabian , Storz Corinna
Published: June 2024

Aim of this study was to analyse the associations of cardiovascular health and adrenal gland volume as a rather new imaging biomarker of chronic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activation. The study population originates from the KORA population-based cross-sectional prospective cohort. 400 participants without known cardiovascular disease underwent a whole-body MRI. Manual segmentation of adrenal glands was performed on VIBE-Dixon gradient-echo sequence. MRI based evaluation of cardiac parameters was achieved semi-automatically. Cardiometabolic risk factors were obtained through standardized interviews and medical examination. Univariate and multivariate associations were derived. Bi-directional causal mediation analysis was performed. 351 participants were eligible for analysis (56 ± 9.1 years, male 58.7%). In multivariate analysis, significant associations were observed between adrenal gland volume and hypertension (outcome hypertension: Odds Ratio = 1.11, 95% CI [1.01, 1.21], p = 0.028), left ventricular remodelling index (LVRI) (outcome LVRI: β = 0.01, 95% CI [0.00, 0.02], p = 0.011), and left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (outcome LV wall thickness: β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.02, 0.09], p = 0.005). In bi-directional causal mediation analysis adrenal gland volume had a borderline significant mediating effect on the association between hypertension and LVRI (p = 0.052) as well as wall thickness (p = 0.054). MRI-based assessment of adrenal gland enlargement is associated with hypertension and LV remodelling. Adrenal gland volume may serve as an indirect cardiovascular imaging biomarker.
Sex differences in the association of long-term exposure to heat stress on kidney function in a large Taiwanese population study
Authors: Chen Yi-Kong , Wu Ping-Hsun , Wu Pei-Yu , Tsai Yi-Chun , Chiu Yi-Wen , Chang Jer-Ming , Hung Chih-Hsing , Wu Chih-Da , Kuo Chao-Hung , Tseng Yu-Chee , Chen Szu-Chia
Published: June 2024

The incidence and prevalence of dialysis in Taiwan are high compared to other regions. Consequently, mitigating chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the worsening of kidney function have emerged as critical healthcare priorities in Taiwan. Heat stress is known to be a significant risk factor for CKD and kidney function impairment. However, differences in the impact of heat stress between males and females remains unexplored. We conducted this retrospective cross-sectional analysis using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB), incorporating records of the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) during midday (11 AM–2 PM) and working hours (8 AM–5 PM) periods based on the participants’ residential address. Average 1-, 3-, and 5-year WBGT values prior to the survey year were calculated and analyzed using a geospatial artificial intelligence-based ensemble mixed spatial model, covering the period from 2010 to 2020. A total of 114,483 participants from the TWB were included in this study, of whom 35.9% were male and 1053 had impaired kidney function (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Multivariable analysis revealed that in the male participants, during the midday period, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year average WBGT values per 1 ℃ increase were significantly positively associated with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.096, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.002–1.199, p = 0.044 for 1 year; OR, 1.093, 95% CI = 1.000–1.196, p = 0.005 for 3 years; OR, 1.094, 95% CI = 1.002–1.195, p = 0.045 for 5 years). However, significant associations were not found for the working hours period. In the female participants, during the midday period, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year average WBGT values per 1 ℃ increase were significantly negatively associated with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR, 0.872, 95% CI = 0.778–0.976, p = 0.018 for 1 year; OR, 0.874, 95% CI = 0.780–0.978, p = 0.019 for 3 years; OR, 0.875, 95% CI = 0.784–0.977, p = 0.018 for 5 years). In addition, during the working hours period, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year average WBGT values per 1 ℃ increase were also significantly negatively associated with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR, 0.856, 95% CI = 0.774–0.946, p = 0.002 for 1 year; OR, 0.856, 95% CI = 0.774–0.948, p = 0.003 for 3 years; OR, 0.853, 95% CI = 0.772–0.943, p = 0.002 for 5 years). In conclusion, our results revealed that increased WBGT was associated with impaired kidney function in males, whereas increased WBGT was associated with a protective effect against impaired kidney function in females. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying these sex-specific differences.
Indirect non-linear effects of landscape patterns on vegetation growth in Kunming City
Authors: Li Ninglv , Zhao Fangkai , Chen Shanshan , Li Chun , Wang Yiting , Ma Yuxin , Chen Liding
Published: June 2024

Urban greening is becoming an important strategy in improving urban ecosystem services and sustainability. Identifying the response of vegetation to urbanization and urban landscape patterns can help in planning for urban greening. Urbanization may lead to both direct and indirect effects on vegetation, and the indirect effects of urbanization on vegetation growth (UIE-VG) have been paid much attention recently in large scale. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of UIE-VG and the effects of landscape patterns on UIE-VG using the boosted regression tree model and remotely sensed data. An increase in average UIE-VG from 4 to 56% was found during urbanization of Kunming, the case study area in southwest China. However, UIE-VG exhibited high variations due to landscape pattern changes at the local scale. Overall, area-related and aggregation-related landscape metrics had greater effects on UIE-VG than the other metrics. The increase and aggregation of built-up land enhanced UIE-VG by 3.1–81.3% while the increase and aggregation of unused land and waterbodies reduced UIE-VG by 0.7–20.6%. Moreover, we found that the large and aggregated vegetation areas may mitigate the negative UIE-VG in low urbanization areas. Our findings have important implications for integrating urban landscape planning into sustainable urban greening strategies.
No constraint on long-term tropical land carbon-climate feedback uncertainties from interannual variability
Authors: Liu Laibao , Fisher Rosie A. , Douville Hervé , Padrón Ryan S. , Berg Alexis , Mao Jiafu , Alessandri Andrea , Kim Hyungjun , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: June 2024

Unraveling drivers of the interannual variability of tropical land carbon cycle is critical for understanding land carbon-climate feedbacks. Here we utilize two generations of factorial model experiments to show that interannual variability of tropical land carbon uptake under both present and future climate is consistently dominated by terrestrial water availability variations in Earth system models. The magnitude of this interannual sensitivity of tropical land carbon uptake to water availability variations under future climate shows a large spread across the latest 16 models (2.3 ± 1.5 PgC/yr/Tt H2O), which is constrained to 1.3 ± 0.8 PgC/yr/Tt H2O using observations and the emergent constraint methodology. However, the long-term tropical land carbon-climate feedback uncertainties in the latest models can no longer be directly constrained by interannual variability compared with previous models, given that additional important processes are not well reflected in interannual variability but could determine long-term land carbon storage. Our results highlight the limited implication of interannual variability for long-term tropical land carbon-climate feedbacks and help isolate remaining uncertainties with respect to water limitations on tropical land carbon sink in Earth system models.
A scalable big data approach for remotely tracking rangeland conditions
Authors: Xie Zunyi , Game Edward T. , Phinn Stuart R. , Adams Matthew P. , Bayarjargal Yunden , Pannell David J. , Purevbaatar Ganbold , Baldangombo Batkhuyag , Hobbs Richard J. , Yao Jing , McDonald-Madden Eve
Published: June 2024

Rangelands, covering half of the global land area, are critically degraded by unsustainable use and climate change. Despite their extensive presence, global assessments of rangeland condition and sustainability are limited. Here we introduce a novel analytical approach that combines satellite big data and statistical modeling to quantify the likelihood of changes in rangeland conditions. These probabilities are then used to assess the effectiveness of management interventions targeting rangeland sustainability. This approach holds global potential, as demonstrated in Mongolia, where the shift to a capitalist economy has led to increased livestock numbers and grazing intensity. From 1986 to 2020, heavy grazing caused a marked decline in Mongolia’s rangeland condition. Our evaluation of diverse management strategies, corroborated by local ground observations, further substantiates our approach. Leveraging globally available yet locally detailed satellite data, our proposed condition tracking approach provides a rapid, cost-effective tool for sustainable rangeland management.
Numerical investigation of module-level inhomogeneous ageing in lithium-ion batteries from temperature gradients and electrical connection topologies
Authors: He Haosong , Fly Ashley , Barbour Edward , Chen Xiangjie
Published: June 2024

The distribution of current/voltage can be further regulated by optimising the electrical connection topology, considering a particular battery thermal management systems. This study numerically investigates a 4P6S battery module with two connection topologies: 1) a straight connection topology, where the sub-modules consist of parallel-connected cells that are serial connected in a linear configuration, and 2) a parallelogram connection topology, where the sub-modules are serial connected in a parallelogram configuration. We find that the straight topology is more advantageous, as it allows the temperature gradient to be distributed among the parallel-connected cells in the sub-modules, mitigating over(dis)charging. Consequently, it achieves a 0.8% higher effective capacity than the parallelogram topology at 1C discharge, along with a higher state of health at 80.15% compared to 80% for the parallelogram topology. Notably, the straight topology results in a maximum current maldistribution of 0.24C at 1C discharge, which is considered an acceptable trade-off.
Alternative proteoforms and proteoform-dependent assemblies in humans and plants
Authors: McWhite Claire D , Sae-Lee Wisath , Yuan Yaning , Mallam Anna L , Gort-Freitas Nicolas A , Ramundo Silvia , Onishi Masayuki , Marcotte Edward M
Published: June 2024

The variability of proteins at the sequence level creates an enormous potential for proteome complexity. Exploring the depths and limits of this complexity is an ongoing goal in biology. Here, we systematically survey human and plant high-throughput bottom-up native proteomics data for protein truncation variants, where substantial regions of the full-length protein are missing from an observed protein product. In humans,Arabidopsis, and the green algaChlamydomonas, approximately one percent of observed proteins show a short form, which we can assign by comparison to RNA isoforms as either likely deriving from transcript-directed processes or limited proteolysis. While some detected protein fragments align with known splice forms and protein cleavage events, multiple examples are previously undescribed, such as our observation of fibrocystin proteolysis and nuclear translocation in a green alga. We find that truncations occur almost entirely between structured protein domains, even when short forms are derived from transcript variants. Intriguingly, multiple endogenous protein truncations of phase-separating translational proteins resemble cleaved proteoforms produced by enteroviruses during infection. Some truncated proteins are also observed in both humans and plants, suggesting that they date to the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Finally, we describe novel proteoform-specific protein complexes, where the loss of a domain may accompany complex formation.
Affective computing for human–machine interaction via a bionic organic memristor exhibiting selective in situ activation
Authors: Guo Bingjie , Zhong Xiaolong , Yu Zhe , He Zhilong , Liu Shuzhi , Wu Zhixin , Liu Sixian , Guo Yanbo , Chen Weilin , Duan Hongxiao , Zeng Jianmin , Gao Pingqi , Zhang Bin , Chen Qian , He Haidong , Chen Yu , Liu Gang
Published: June 2024

A bionic organic memristor network, inspired by ligand-gated ion channels, is built on the Co–BTA coordination polymer, featuring multiple switching sites with varying activation energies for selective manipulation via in situ redox reactions.
Memristive Monte Carlo DropConnect crossbar array enabled by device and algorithm co-design
Authors: Kim Do Hoon , Cheong Woon Hyung , Song Hanchan , Jeon Jae Bum , Kim Geunyoung , Kim Kyung Min
Published: June 2024

A one-selector-one-memristor crossbar array was developed, capable of driving Monte Carlo DropConnect network. This could be achieved through a hardware and algorithm co-design approach, involving mutual improvement of them.
Selective fluorescence detection of acetylsalicylic acid, succinic acid and ascorbic acid based on a responsive lanthanide metal fluorescent coordination polymer
Authors: Chen Guo-Ying , Luo Mao-Ling , Chen Li , Wang Jia-Li , Chai Tong-Qing , Wang Dan , Yang Feng-Qing
Published: June 2024

A fluorescence method based on LCPs formed through the coordination of Ln(III) with salicylic acid generated by ZIF-8 or natural esterase catalyze-reaction for the detection of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), succinic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AA).
Transplantation of pancreatic beta-cell spheroids in mice via non-swellable hydrogel microwells composed of poly(HEMA-co-GelMA)
Authors: Inagaki Natsuko F. , Oki Yuichiro , Ikeda Shunsuke , Tulakarnwong Sarun , Shinohara Marie , Inagaki Fuyuki F. , Ohta Seiichi , Kokudo Norihiro , Sakai Yasuyuki , Ito Taichi
Published: June 2024

We developed a hydrogel microwell device for islet implantation, fabricated by crosslinking gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).
Surface Lewis basic site enabled proton abstraction for the regioselective synthesis of ynones and flavones over the Pd0/Cs-ZSM-5 catalyst: mechanistic understanding and structure–activity correlation
Authors: Boggala Sasikumar , Bilakanti Vishali , Aytam Hari Padmasri , Manda Kalpana , Varimalla Shirisha , Akula Venugopal
Published: June 2024

An environmentally benign and highly regioselective catalyst that possesses strong Lewis basicity demonstrated high rates of ynones and flavones under mild reaction conditions in the absence of a base, ligand, and co-catalyst.
Elucidating the role of the state of Pd in the H2-SCR of NOx by operando XANES and DRIFTS
Authors: Eldridge Thomas J. , Borchers Michael , Lott Patrick , Grunwaldt Jan-Dierk , Doronkin Dmitry E.
Published: June 2024

Characterization of a Pd/V2O5/TiO2 catalyst by operando XAS and DRIFTS links the Pd state to reactive intermediates and resulting products for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by H2.
Engineering an annular donor–acceptor reaction chamber with spontaneous feedstock collection for boosting CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Zhou Zhanpeng , Zeng Hao , Feng Chengyang , Li Ling , Tang Rongdi , Li Wenbo , Huang Ying , Deng Yaocheng
Published: June 2024

The interaction between methyl and phosphorus atoms constructs a porous reaction chamber and an annular electron donor–acceptor structure in g-C3N4, inducing a spontaneous collection mechanism of feedstock to enhance photoreduction of CO2 to CO.
Optimizing the benefit–risk trade-off in nano-agrochemicals through explainable machine learning: beyond concentration
Authors: Yu Hengjie , Tang Shiyu , Hamed Eslam M. , Li Sam F. Y. , Jin Yaochu , Cheng Fang
Published: June 2024

An explainable ML-driven MOO approach is proposed for the benefit–risk trade-off of nano-agrochemicals. Results highlight the importance of considering the well-known concentration-dependent effect in conjunction with other key factors.
Diatom-derived extracellular polymeric substances form eco-corona and enhance stability of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Gasco Rocco , Worms Isabelle A. M. , Kantarciyan Arin , Slaveykova Vera I.
Published: June 2024

Extracellular polymeric substances from the diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana adsorb onto citrate-coated nAg, forming an eco-corona and reducing nanoparticle dissolution and aggregation.
Nano-TiO2 immobilized polyvinylidene fluoride based spongy-spheres for ciprofloxacin photocatalytic degradation: antibacterial activity removal, mechanisms, UVA LED irradiation and easy recovery
Authors: Raikar Laxman G. , Patel Atul , Gandhi Jemi , Gupta K. V. K. , Prakash Halan
Published: June 2024

An easy recoverable TiO2-immobilized PVDF bead photocatalyst with stable Ti–F binding for water treatment under UVA LED irradiation and efficient usage of TiO2 nanoparticles is presented.
Uranium rejection with nanofiltration membranes and the influence of environmentally relevant mono- and divalent cations at various pH
Authors: Yazzie Christopher B. , Elias Catalina , Karanikola Vasiliki
Published: June 2024

Major groundwater cations can influence the U(iv) rejection of membranes. Water chemistry modeling, membrane characterization, uranium rejection, and membrane selectivity are investigated, with results showing optimal treatment operation at pH 7.
Preparation of antioxidant peptides from yak skin gelatin and their protective effect on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury
Authors: Jiang Chongning , Meng Aiguo , Shi Xiaoyu , Fu Zhiping , Wang Yali , Zhou Jingjing , Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Chunyan
Published: June 2024

We herein report a study on the antioxidant peptides that show potential in alleviating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MI/RI).
Macronutrient digestion and polyphenol bioaccessibility in oat milk tea products: an in vitro gastrointestinal tract study
Authors: Qin Sirui , Li Ruyi , McClements David Julian , Chen Ying , Duan Zhihao , Chen Mianhong , Dai Yaping , Liao Liangkun , Zhou Wei , Li Jihua
Published: June 2024

The study aims to explore the effect of food matrices on the macronutrient release and polyphenol bioaccessibility of oat milk tea, which helps to understand the health benefits of plant-based beverages by the gastrointestinal fate of oat milk tea.
Correction: Comparative environmental assessment of zeolites synthesized from chemicals and natural minerals
Authors: Chen Xiaoling , Xiao Guoxi , Li Tiesen , Wang Chan , Cui Qingyan , Bao Xiaojun , Yue Yuanyuan
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Comparative environmental assessment of zeolites synthesized from chemicals and natural minerals’ by Xiaoling Chen et al., Green Chem., 2024, 26, 5273–5283, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3GC05146C.
Soft micron-sized polypeptide microgels: preparation, crosslink density, topography and nanomechanics in swollen state
Authors: Kotko Oleksii , Šálek Petr , Dvořáková Jana , Smrčková Miroslava Dušková , Šomvársky Ján , Bonvent Jean Jacques , Brochsztain Sérgio , Šlouf Miroslav , Proks Vladimír
Published: June 2024

We report an innovative preparation of soft micron-sized polypeptide microgels by horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mediated crosslinking in inverse suspension.
Shielding against breast tumor relapse with an autologous chemo-photo-immune active Nano–Micro-Sera based fibrin implant
Authors: Mimansa  , Zafar Mohammad Adeel , Verma Dinesh Kumar , Das Reena , Agrewala Javed Naim , Shanavas Asifkhan
Published: June 2024

An ‘all-in-one’ autologous intraoperative implant is demonstrated to deliver localized chemo-photothermal immunotherapy with significant inhibition of residual cancer cells and improved survival in preclinical triple negative breast tumor model.
Microstructure parameter-dependent non-collinear magnetic structures in scandium-doped M-type hexaferrite nanocrystals
Authors: Qin Qiankun , Ding Afei , Qubie W. L. , Kumar Pushpendra , Hu Shixin , Yao Tianyang , Zhang Junli
Published: June 2024

The selective occupancy of Sc3+ ions at the different Fe3+ sites within the M-type ferrite weakens the super-exchange interaction between Fe1, Fe2, and Fe5 ions, which disrupts interactions between different blocks and stabilizes the conical state.
Effect of composition and architecture on the thermodynamic behavior of AuCu nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Wei-Hua , Yu Fang-Qi , Huang Rao , Lin Yu-Xing , Wen Yu-Hua
Published: June 2024

Atomistic snapshots of AuCu bimetallic nanoparticles with different architectures at 950 K, indicating diverse thermodynamic behaviors despite the same component.
Dual-site OER mechanism exploration through regulating asymmetric multi-site NiOOH
Authors: Wu Fei , Wu Biao , Chen Liang , Wang Yunan , Li Jiejie , Zhang Qiuju
Published: June 2024

Asymmetric nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) possesses multi-OH and O active sites on different surfaces, (001) and (001̄), which possibly causes a complicated catalytic process.
Selecting effective eletrocatalyst from Cu single-atoms and nanoparticles for realizing highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of glucose and H2O2
Authors: Yang Ziyin , Zhang Chongchao , Qi Chengcheng
Published: June 2024

This study found the differences in the electrocatalytic properties of metal single-atoms and nanoparticles and proved that neither metal single-atoms nor nanoparticles are omnipotent.
A change in metal cation switches selectivity of a phospholipid sensor from phosphatidic acid to phosphatidylserine
Authors: Butler Stephen M. , Ercan Bilge , You Jingyao , Schulz Luke P. , Jolliffe Katrina A.
Published: June 2024

The zinc(ii) and nickel(ii) complexes of a dipicolylamino ligand have complementary selectivity for phosphatidic acid or phosphatidylserine, respectively, in lipid membranes.
Radical polymerisation and thiol–ene post-polymerisation functionalisation of terpenoid acrylates in conventional and renewably sourced organic solvents
Authors: Liu Huizhe , Maugein Vincent A. , Haddleton David M.
Published: June 2024

Geranyl acrylate has been synthesized and polymerized by various radical polymerisation techniques.
Synergistic chemotherapy/photothermal therapy for cancer treatment using a co-delivery system of cisplatin and novel conjugated polymers
Authors: Di Yaodong , Zhang Hanning , Luo Zimu , Feng Congshu , Zhang Xi , Yang Shuai , Hou Jie , Yan Lesan
Published: June 2024

A co-delivery system employing cisplatin and novel conjugated polymers is utilized to achieve synergistic chemotherapy/photothermal therapy for cancer treatment at lower drug concentrations.
Preparation and characterization of temperature/pH/CO2-triple-responsive homopolymers and their substituent determined response
Authors: Wang Ke , Wang Zilong , Si Meiyu , Liu Xiaofang , Liu Guiyan , Zeng Yongfei
Published: June 2024

Novel temperature/pH/CO2-triple responsive homopolymers bearing different end substituents which showing different responsive properties, and they have good application prospects in self-assembly, biomedicine and other fields.
Highly efficient NIR-II photothermal conversion from a 2,2′-biquinoline-4,4′-dicarboxylate-based photochromic complex
Authors: Zhang Ning-Ning , Liu Ya-Tong , Li Li , Liu Xiang-Tong , Xu Ke , Li Zhen-Yu , Yan Yong
Published: June 2024

A novel electron-transfer photochromic complex based on BCA exhibits efficient NIR-II photothermal conversion with a high PCE (84.5%).
Access to spiro-bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes via BF3·Et2O-catalyzed formal [2π + 2σ] cycloaddition of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with benzofuran-derived oxa(aza)dienes
Authors: Su Jia-Yi , Zhang Jian , Xin Zhi-Yun , Li Hao , Zheng Hanliang , Deng Wei-Ping
Published: June 2024

Rapid access to diverse spiro[benzofuran-2,2′-bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes] via BF3·Et2O-catalyzed [2π + 2σ] cycloaddition of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with readily available benzofuran-derived oxa(aza)dienes.
Palladium(ii)-catalyzed intramolecular C–H amination to carbazole: the crucial role of cyclic diacyl peroxides
Authors: Yuan Ting , Fu Kang , Shi Lei
Published: June 2024

Herein, we have developed an efficient PdII-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative C–H amination under additive-free and green conditions where strained cyclic diacyl peroxide functions as both a sacrificial oxidant and a bidentate linker.
Chemoselective reaction of methoxyaminomethyl BODIPYs with unprotected carbohydrates: a powerful tool for accessing BODIPY neoglycosides
Authors: Gómez Ana M. , García-Fernández Luis , Santana Andrés G. , Uriel Clara , Gartzia-Rivero Leire , Bañuelos Jorge , Garcia-Moreno Inmaculada , Infantes Lourdes , Aguilar María Rosa , Lopez J. Cristobal
Published: June 2024

The neoglycosylation of methoxyaminomethyl BODIPYs with unprotected reducing saccharides produces cyclic N-glycosyl-N-methoxy-BODIPY conjugates, which display excellent photophysical characteristics in pure water, even at high dye concentrations.
Advances in organocatalyzed synthesis of organic compounds
Authors: Zafar Ayesha , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Iram Ghazala , Shoukat Umar Sohail , Jamil Faisal , Saleem Muhammad , Yousif Muhammad , Abidin Zain ul , Asad Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Recent advancements in utilizing organocatalysts emphasize their simplicity, effectiveness, reproducibility, and high selectivity, resulting in excellent yields of heterocyclic organic compounds.
Understanding the CO capture reaction through electronic structure analysis of four-membered-ring group-13/N- and B/group-15-based Lewis acid–base pairs
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Feng , Su Ming-Der
Published: June 2024

The theoretical evidences reveal that in the four-membered-ring Group-13/N-based and B/Group-15-based Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)-assisted molecules, only the B/N-based FLP can undergo the CO catching reaction both kinetically and thermodynamically.
A “dual-key-and-lock” DNA nanodevice enables spatially controlled multimodal imaging and combined cancer therapy
Authors: Yue Shuzhen , Zhan Jiayin , Xu Xuan , Xu Junpeng , Bi Sai , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: June 2024

An “dual-key-and-lock” DNA nanodevice in response to cascaded endogenous stimuli of acidic pH and ATP is fabricated, achieving accurately multimodal imaging in a spatio-gated manner and tunable drug release for combined therapy of breast cancer.
Local electric field in nanocavities dictates the vibrational relaxation dynamics of interfacial molecules
Authors: Zheng Xiaoxuan , Pei Quanbing , Tan Junjun , Bai Shiyu , Luo Yi , Ye Shuji
Published: June 2024

The electric field sensed by molecules in nanocavities determines the molecular vibrational energy relaxation dynamics using ultrafast time-resolved sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy.
Ordered assembly of two different metal clusters with the same topological connectivity in one single coordination network
Authors: Cao Jian-Wei , Zhang Tao , Chen Juan , Wang Jin-Bo , Wang Yu , Chen Kai-Jie
Published: June 2024

Two different metal clusters with the same topological connectivity were orderly assembled in one single coordination network.
Elucidating the role of physicochemical interactions on gel rheology
Authors: Nikoumanesh Elnaz , Jouaneh Charles Joseph M. , Poling-Skutvik Ryan
Published: June 2024

Bond kinetics and network restructuring in gels control their yield transition and thixotropic recovery.
Analyzing the interconnected dynamics of domestic biofuel burning in India: unravelling VOC emissions, surface-ozone formation, diagnostic ratios, and source identification
Authors: Mondal Arnab , Mondal Surajit , Ghosh Paulami , Das Papita
Published: June 2024

The impacts of burning biomass fuels for cooking and heating in indian homes on public health and communities.
Investigating the nano-scale structure and composition dynamics during the phase transition towards complete separation of CeO2–ZrO2 solid solutions
Authors: Oh Seol Hee , Kim Hyun-Kyu , Park Sun-Young , Kim Yeong-Cheol , Kwon Deok-Hwang , Yang Sungeun , Ji Ho-Il , Chang Hye Jung , Yoon Kyung Joong , Son Ji-Won , Lee Jong-Ho
Published: June 2024

The phase separation of CZO involves a structured process delineated into three key reaction steps: (1) transformation into defect fluorite, (2) conversion into the pyrochlore structure, and (3) complete separation into Ce2O3 and ZrO2 phases.
A sensitive self-powered perovskite photodetector via noise suppression with poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene) doping for defect passivation
Authors: Liu Yuping , Liu Zhirong , Zhang Zhiguo , Huang Junyi , Li Xiongjie , Yu Haixuan , Shen Yan , Wang Mingkui , Tu Guoli
Published: June 2024

The rapid advancement of self-powered perovskite photodetectors (PDs) in recent years has been hindered by numerous defects present in solution-processed perovskite polycrystalline films, significantly impacting device performance.