bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SAINS BERBASIS STEM UNTUK PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI (HOTS) PURWARUPA KAPAL BOAT
Authors: Ngadinem Ngadinem
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan validitas dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) peserta didik terhadap pengembangkan bahan ajar sains purwarupa kapal boat dalam bentuk perangkat pembelajaran Fisika pada pokok bahasan penerapan hukum III Newton dan hukum kekekalan momentum berbasis STEM dengan model pembelajaran PjBL (project best learning) untuk siswa SMA/MA kelas X. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research Development) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri atas lima tahapan, yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif, dengan cara menghitung persentase nilai hasil validasi. Untuk keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) digunakan instrumen soal penilaian HOTS. Untuk respon peserta didik digunakan instrumen penilaian diri. Perangkat pembelajaran telah melalui tahap uji validasi oleh ahli materi dengan persentase rata-rata 92,44% (kriteria layak) dan oleh ahli media sebesar 93,54% (kriteria layak), sehingga bahan ajar itu layak digunakan sebagai perangkat pembelajaran di kelas. Hasil persentase rata-rata respon siswa 76,54%, hasil rata-rata keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan bahan ajar 52,58% dan 73,64%. Karena ada kenaikan dari hasil sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan bahan ajar, maka bahan ajar sains berbasis STEM purwarupa kapal boat yang dikembangkan dengan model pembelajaran PjBL dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik.  Kata Kunci: pengembangan, bahan ajar sains, STEM model PjBL, purwarupa kapal boat, HOTS
Digital Maturity Consulting and Strategizing to Optimize Services: Overview
Authors: Phiri Peter , Cavalini Heitor , Shetty Suchith , Delanerolle Gayathri
Published: November 2022

The National Health Service (NHS), the health care system of the United Kingdom, is one of the largest health care entities in the world and has been successfully serving the UK population for decades. The NHS is also the fourth-largest employer globally. True to its reputation, some of the most modern and technically advanced medical services are available in the United Kingdom. However, between the acute, primary, secondary, and tertiary care providers of the NHS, there needs to be seamless integration and interoperability to provide timely holistic care to patients at a national level. Various efforts have been taken and programs launched since 2002 to achieve digital transformation in the NHS but with partial success rates. As it is important to understand a problem before trying to solve it, in this paper, we focus on tools used to assess the digital maturity of NHS trusts and organizations. Additionally, we aim to present the impact of ongoing transformation attempts on secondary services, particularly mental health. This paper considered the literature on digital maturity and performed a rapid review of currently available tools to measure digital maturity. We have performed a multivocal literature review that included white papers and web-based documents in addition to peer-reviewed literature. Further, the paper also provides a perspective of the ground reality from a mental health service provider’s point of view. Assessment tools adopted from the global market, later modified and tailor-made to suit local preferences, are currently being used. However, there is a need for a robust framework that assesses status, allows target setting, and tracks progress across diverse providers.
Effect of a short message service (SMS) intervention on the attendance to the prenatal education program in Peruvian pregnant women (Preprint)
Authors: Abrigo-Vidal Fiorella Kiara , Munares-García Oscar Fausto , Moquillaza-Alcantara Victor Hugo
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

The prenatal education sessions are part of a national program that seeks to prevent obstetric and neonatal complications, however, the pandemic affected attendance at the program. Previous studies have evaluated the positive effect of SMS as a reminder, but there is no one in this field.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of an intervention by sending text messages (SMS) on attendance at the prenatal education service for Peruvian pregnant women.

METHODS

Study of true experimental design with control group. We evaluated 62 pregnant women attending the prenatal education service, of which 31 received SMS (intervention) and 31 did not (control), assigning the arm randomly. In addition, the quality of service was assessed througha national standard instrument. It was approved by the corresponding Ministry of Health entity and the ethics committee of the faculty of medicine.

RESULTS

The analysis showed that having received SMS reduces the risk of not attending prenatal education sessions (HRa=0.574; p=0.047); likewise, the intervention increases the probability of attending at least 5 (RR=3.25: p=0.010) and 6 sessions of the educational program (RR=4.50; p=0.020). Finally, the perception of quality of care was similar in both arms, although in both there was a significant improvement in perception (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

SMS as a reminder significantly improves attendance at the prenatal education service; likewise, the participants showed an improvement in the perception of the quality of care.
Mix Ratio of High-strength Concrete Based on Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Wang Xiaodong
Published: November 2022

The optimization of the mix ratio of high-strength and high-performance concrete needs to solve the variable design problem of many factors. The purpose of this paper is to study the optimal design of high-strength concrete mix proportions based on chaotic particle swarm optimization. This paper introduces the research background and significance of this paper, the research status of deep learning prediction, concrete compressive strength prediction and intelligent design of concrete mix ratio at home and abroad, and introduces the relevant theoretical basis, mainly including the concept of high strength concrete and chaotic particle swarm algorithm. A multi-objective optimization model for high-strength and high-performance concrete based on experimental data is proposed. Each part of the model is introduced in detail, and the system established by the intelligent design model of concrete mix ratio proposed in this paper is firstly introduced briefly, then the various functions of the system are explained, and finally the system is given method, and select a real building concrete production mix data set for testing. The optimized high-strength and high-performance concrete has higher strength and a slump of 216.4mm.
Pharmacognostic Studies and Skin Irritation Potential of an Ethnobotanically important Condiment Kasuri methi (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.)
Authors: Khan Mah Rukh Qamar , Awais Hafiz Muhammad , Zafar Muhammad Zubair
Published: November 2022

To ensure plant identification, set parameters of standardization that support and prevent adulteration and admixture, and to find out any possible skin irritation effect of crude extracts of plant parts of very commonly used condiment Kasuri methi, (Trigonella foenum-graecum) in Pakistan. For pharmacognostic research, various evaluations were done focusing on macroscopic and microscopic studies of the transversely cut section, peeled off the epidermis, and powdered stuff of different plant parts to observe the anatomical features of different types of cells, trichomes, stomata types, and vascular tissues. In dermatological studies, phytochemical analysis was carried out to find different constituents and properties of this plant. Simple, uniseriate, non-glandular trichomes, anisocytic or anomocytic stomata, tracheids with spiral to scalariform secondary’s wall thickening pattern, pitted vessels in stem and roots were commonly found both in sections and in powdered stuff. The phytochemical study showed the presence of saponins, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, and tannins. The skin irritation effect of crude extracts of leaves in n-Hexane and ethanol in roots were found both in causing skin irritation but slightly reddening the vessel. The skin irritant effect persists for 4 to 5 hours due to these crude extracts. The least skin irritation effect was exhibited by the crude extracts of roots in distilled water, thus resulting in the doubtful reaction of rabbit’s ear, these reactions could be due to the phytochemical found in the extracts. This research offers the scientific findings for the appropriate identification and establishment of standards for the use of Kasuri methi, (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Training ERP for Student Placement
Authors: Kombade Neha , Joshi Gauri , Jaykar Rupali , Rahinj Sandip , N. G. Prof. Gunaware
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The management of Training and Placement is supported by paper-based systems, databases, spreadsheets and E-mail communications. The aim of this project is Automation of Training and Placement unit of College or academic institutes. This is a web application which will help students as well as the administration authority to carry out each and every activity in this department. The system is an application that can be accessed throughout the Engineering Colleges organization with proper login provided. This system can be used as an application for the Training and placement officers (TPO) of the college to manage the student information with regard to placement. Students logging should be able to fill the registration form. The key feature of this project is that it is a onetime registration. The application provides the facility of maintaining the details of the students. It also provides a requested list of candidates to recruit the students based on given query. Administrator logging in may also search any information put up by the students.
Quality Testing of Rice Grains Using Image Processing Applications
Authors: Ameenuddin Md. , Kumar Bavireddy Vishwanth , Yashwanth Soma , Sahu Kushal , Teja Ganjikunta
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Quality Testing of Rice Grains is testing of grain to evaluate the planting value and the authenticity of the certified lot. There are certain limitations to human eye to observe the Grain. So, the electronic world helps us to separate the faulty Grains from quality Grains. The specific target to be achieved is the development of a rice quality detection system that can assess the quality of rice using digital image processing. The evaluation of the rice grains on the basic grain size and shape using image processing edge detection algorithm is used to find the region of boundaries in each grain. Grain testing is done mainly for moisture, germination and physical purity of Grains. The performance of Image Processing reduces the time of operation.
Recorridos óptimos para la recolección de residuos tecnológicos
Authors: Pérez Diana , Villagra Andrea , Pandolfi Daniel
Published: November 2022

El aumento progresivo en la generación de residuos de equipos eléctricos y electrónicos es proporcional a la evolución de la tecnología, esto conlleva implicaciones ambientales negativas.  Las actividades en la recolección de residuos se pueden agrupar en cinco etapas correspondientes al ciclo de vida de los residuos: generación, recolección y transporte, transformación, tratamiento y eliminación final. El costo de la recolección y transporte es un factor crítico en el gasto fiscal de los sistemas de gestión de residuos, por esta razón las mejoras en este campo representan un importante papel en el ahorro del gasto de las organizaciones encargadas de esta tarea. En este trabajo se aplican a instancias reales de las ciudades de Caleta Olivia y Comodoro Rivadavia el algoritmo de Optimización basado en colonia de hormigas (ACO), se lo compara con resultados obtenidos por expertos. Los resultados demuestran la bondad del algoritmo propuesto logrando una reducción en los kilómetros necesarios para realizar los recorridos. Además, se analiza la recuperación de metales utilizando las soluciones obtenidas por ACO y la reducción en la emisión de gases efecto invernadero.
El cuidado en las alteraciones respiratorias en contexto de pandemia en un Hogar de Personas adultas mayores. Rio Gallegos
Authors: Oyarzo Saldivia Roxana Katherina , Ojeda Sara , Ivanissevich María Laura
Published: November 2022

En el marco de una beca de investigación para alumnos avanzado de la Licenciatura en Enfermería se realizó un estudio con el propósito de identificar la existencia de alteraciones respiratorias en personas adultas mayores en un Hogar de residencia permanente de la ciudad de Rio Gallegos y describir los tipos de cuidados pertinentes que reciben. El   contexto de pandemia por Covid-19 alteró el acceso y el tamaño de la población objetivo. Los resultados reflejaron la ausencia de alteraciones respiratorias y se identificaron cuidados preventivos importantes como la vacunación y deficiencias que alertan sobre la necesidad de intervenciones educativas para los cuidadores.
Hacia una pedagogía de la Empatía
Authors: Aguirre Andrea Micaela , Sotelo Lucrecia A.
Published: November 2022

En este informe se expresará lo trabajado en el transcurso del año 2020 por el grupo de investigación: Comunicación, Cultura, y Aprendizaje. Teniendo en cuenta que las pautas de trabajo fueron establecidas posteriormente al contexto de pandemia por Covid-19; y, dentro de este marco, presentar la tarea desarrollada como becaria UNPA.Se presento el proyecto llamado “Cartografías de Prácticas de Aprendizaje del Lenguaje académico en entornos mediados por tecnologías”. Llevado a cabo por el Gabinete de Experiencias Pedagógicas: “Pensamiento y Habla” y el grupo de investigación: Comunicación, Cultura, y Aprendizaje de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral en las Unidades Académicas Caleta Olivia y San Julián. Dentro de este proyecto mi tarea fue la de acompañar el trabajo de campo y el análisis de datos.En el eje de trabajo denominado “Pedagogía de la Empatía” partimos de los objetivos del proyecto, como favorecer el desarrollo de estrategias conducentes a cartografiar las prácticas de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de primer y segundo año de todas las carreras que componen la Unidad Académica San Julián y la Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia; como así también propiciar el desarrollo de dispositivos pedagógicos orientados a promover el ingreso y tránsito de la vida académica de los estudiantes. Y, junto a ello, promover la construcción de un repositorio de datos donde se identifiquen las trayectorias educativas de los estudiantes a su biografía específica. Dentro de este escenario, trabajé en la construcción del estado del arte haciendo fichas de lectura como entrevistas.
Especificación de requisitos de un sistema IoT con UML
Authors: Laguia Daniel , Hallar Karim , Sofía Osiris , González Leonardo , Gesto Esteban
Published: November 2022

Actualmente la aplicación de tecnologías IoT se ha incrementado notoriamente, siendo utilizada en diferentes sectores como la agronomía, el transporte, la industria, la medicina y muchas otras áreas de aplicación. En los últimos años se ha avanzado mucho en las tecnologías necesarias que han permitido que esta práctica sea posible, tales como dispositivos de bajo costo, conectividad y plataformas middleware. Todas estas tecnologías ya han sido ampliamente estudiadas.Un sistema IoT es el conjunto de sensores, actuadores y software que interactúan entre sí para lograr un propósito sin participación humana, lo que hace que el paradigma del desarrollo de software tradicional no sea suficiente. Es por ello que es necesario tener un nuevo enfoque sistemático para el desarrollo de software de sistemas IoT y especialmente para el modelado de requisitos funcionales. En este trabajo proponemos la aplicación e integración de distintos métodos recientemente propuestos para la obtención y especificación de requerimientos para este tipo de sistemas: IotReq, la arquitectura orientada a servicios (SOA), el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado (UML) y Precise SOM. Se presenta un caso de estudio simple que toma como base el prototipo “Estación de monitoreo COVID” desarrollado durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
La construcción de las representaciones sociales en la formación inicial de los Profesorados en Educación Inicial y Primaria; su incidencia en la práctica docente y en la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales
Authors: Muñoz Myriam Del Carmen , Gaitán Cecilia Mirna
Published: November 2022

Siguiendo el hilo conductor de anteriores proyectos de investigación, donde el abordaje fundamental fue abordar la complejidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del contenido escolar de las Ciencias Sociales, esta vez el desafío está puesto en indagar, conocer y recuperar cómo desde la formación docente se contribuye a que los futuros docentes se apropien de herramientas, no solo conceptuales sino también a nivel de estrategias para la reflexión con otros, o por decirlo de otra forma, competencias intelectuales y cognitivas que ayuden a un trabajo que facilite la comprensión de lo social. Se trabajó con espacios curriculares testigo de 3º y 4º año de la carrera; vale decir las Didácticas y Prácticas. Sobre una muestra con estudiantes de los profesorados de educación primaria e inicial, empleamos como estrategia la narrativa como instrumento de recogida de datos para la investigación. Nos permitió obtener información sobre patrones de funcionamiento del razonamiento de los estudiantes respecto de las concepciones construidas sobre la realidad social.
Estos aportes nos facilitan comprender cómo estas concepciones operan en sus decisiones al diseñar la práctica y sobre algunos estereotipos sobre saberes sociales construidos y arraigados a lo largo de su vida
Rikki Ducornet Revisits Hawthorne: "The Stain" or a Time for ‘Sexts’
Authors: Trendel Aristi
Published: November 2022

Among Rikki Ducornet’s strongest intertextual bonds in her first novel The Stain is certainly Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Her main character Charlotte unmistakably points back both to Hester Prynne and her daughter Pearl. In this dialogic enterprise Ducornet attempts to show what Hawthorne gives secondary focus to: the construction of the heroine’s identity. Whether a precocious feminist or a covert phallogocentric, as the majority of feminist critics maintains, Hawthorne centres the dramatic conflict on his male characters. Contrary to his patrilineal filiation, Ducornet displays a matrilineal one and places her female character centre stage. Albeit subtly ironic and overtly comic, The Stain’s relation to the The Scarlet Letter seems to be complimentary and complementary. Although Rikki Ducornet refutes being a feminist, some of Hélène Cixous’s concepts such as the feminine, the gift, the feminine libidinal economy could enlighten the American author’s text.
Phraseological Units and Idioms, East and West and Where Do We Stand
Authors: Veisbergs Andrejs
Published: November 2022

Phraseology has come a long way since the beginning of its studies. While many issues have been resolved, others expanded, the essence of the basic units – phraseologism idiom are still contested. The variety of approaches to the concept of the phraseological unit (PU), its categorical features and scope as well as various classifications create a never ending controversy. This paper attempts to draw together the main viewpoints of Eastern and Western schools as well as determine the basic features of the PU without an attempt to create a rigid framework. It views the PU as a stable unit with a fully or partially figurative meaning. The author considers that attempts at establishing a universal classification are doomed to failure as all features of PUs are relative, scalar and flexible.
Current Research Tendencies in Applied Linguistics
Authors: Karapetjana Indra , Roziņa Gunta
Published: November 2022

In this article, we discuss the changing role of applied linguistics from a diachronic perspective and outline its present role as an interdisciplinary branch of science. In the 1950s, applied linguistics was viewed as a branch of science dealing with the application of linguistics to language teaching and with tackling central issues of practical language in use. Nowadays applied linguistics encompasses a wide range of objectives, the scope of which is often hard to define. If applied linguistics had to undergo a long way of broadening the field all over the world, this period of development was left out in Latvia, applied linguistics not being officially recognized as a branch of science. The official beginning of applied linguistics in Latvia is considered to be the year 1999, when it was entered into the Science Classification of the Latvian Council of Science. At the outset, the first dissertations written in applied linguistics reflected its interdisciplinary nature as a practice-driven discipline that addresses solving language-related phenomena in a variety of general, academic, occupational and professional contexts. The present article argues that applied linguistics lies at the intersection of different disciplines; however, the narrow view of applied linguistics that still exists in the Latvian society calls for considering its role within our own academic niche as well as in an outward perspective, thus making the Latvian academic society aware of its importance as an interdisciplinary branch of science.
Circular Bowing, Cyclical Work
Authors: Karin Emilia Hellqvist
Published: November 2022

Circular Bowing, Cyclical Work explores the collaboration between composer Henrik Strindberg and myself, violinist Karin Hellqvist, from my viewpoint as performer and co-creator. On my initiative, as part of my PhD in artistic research at the Norwegian Academy of Music in Oslo, a cyclical collaborative practice is being developed. Our process differs from the conventional separation of roles that I have so far experienced as a performer of contemporary Western classical music. The exposition highlights how my understanding of the emerging concept of 'the artistic palette' develops through the shared work and dialogue around Cirkulära Stråk for violin and electronics, when expanding my practice and establishing a new work mode. Through examples from the artistic process, the exposition aims at further unfolding how we as collaborators develop ways of challenging each other. A keyword for my defiance of the traditional and formal task division, is the search for connection – connection to my collaborator, the work, and the embodied knowledge of my artistic palette. The exposition comprises written reflections, transcribed dialogue and sketches as well as video and audio documentation. Documentary video conversations are held in Swedish with English subtitles.
Tree of Dawn: Translation as a Method
Authors: Aurora Del Rio
Published: November 2022

This research is part of my doctoral project Archetypes of Contamination, which focuses on the relationship between symbolic images and processes of environmental transformation. This exposition, Tree of Dawn, develops by looking for the correspondence between radioactive contamination and the traditional Latvian image of the Sun-Tree as found in the Dainas, an ancient form of poetry transmitted orally through songs. My artistic process uses a re-creation and re-interpretation of ritualistic practices. With a focus on radioactive contamination, my research looks at how the experience of contaminated spaces can be read through specific myths connected to the land to interfere with the creation of personal and collective realities. The exposition moves through methods of translation as a way of reflecting on the limits of knowledge, where translation is thought of in the wider senses of transposition, deciphering, decoding, and reading through.
In circles leading on – folkdance, a choreographic intersection
Authors: Andreas Berchtold
Published: November 2022

This research departs from a study, building on the relation between one’s own embodied cultural constitution and someone’s comprehension of the practice. Dealing with questions on what approaches that are needed to make different perceptions of dance the possibility to contribute to the development of the field. Placing a dancing body in center of the research gives rise to the position which yields the required perspectives. When dancing, the stance of representing a genre is assumed, taken and given in a concrete way, in this case – folkdance within contemporary contexts. Moving in circles through references from different discourses, and by allowing these circles to intersect in practice, the work achieves its critical point of view.
CD36-SREBP1 axis mediates thymic stromal lymphopoietin production in obesity-exacerbated atopic dermatitis
Authors: Yu JinLei , Song Pu , Bai YaXing , Dang Erle , Luo Yixin , Chen Jiaoling , Fu Meng , Zhang Jieyu , Qiao Pei , Guo Wei , Wang Gang , Shao Shuai
Published: November 2022

Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk
of atopic dermatitis (AD) and may accelerate its development.
Keratinocyte dysfunction has been observed in obesity-related skin
diseases, including psoriasis and acanthosis nigricans, but is not fully
understood in AD. Here, we aim to emphasize the important role of
keratinocytes in obesity-aggravated AD. Methods: C57BL/6
mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks before calcipotriol
(MC903) administration to induce AD-like dermatitis. Fatty acid intake
was quantified using BODIPY 500/510 staining. Palmitic acid (PA)
treatment of keratinocytes mimicked the obese state at the cellular
level. CD36 or sterol-regulatory element binding protein1 (SREBP1)
inhibitors were topically applied to mouse ears to explore the roles of
CD36 or SREBP1 in obesity-aggravated AD. A chromatin immunoprecipitation
assay (ChIP) was conducted to assess the transcriptional control of
SREBP1 on thymic stromal lymphopoietin ( TSLP) expression.
Results: HFD-induced obesity exacerbated AD-like
dermatitis in mice, with elevated inflammatory molecules and fatty acid
accumulation in the lesional skin. Blocking CD36, a fatty acid
transporter, with a chemical antagonist effectively alleviated AD-like
inflammation and decreased TSLP levels in obese MC903-treated mice.
Moreover, PA treatment induced TSLP overexpression via CD36 and
activated the downstream SREBP1 signaling pathway in keratinocytes. The
ChIP assay further revealed increased binding of SREBP1 to the
TSLP promoter region. Conclusion: Obesity
activates the CD36-SREBP1-TSLP axis in keratinocytes, inducing epidermal
lipid disorders and aggravating AD-like inflammation. Targeting CD36 or
SREBP1 will facilitate the development of future combination therapies
or modified therapies for treating patients with obesity and AD.
Macaque amygdala, claustrum and pulvinar support the cross-modal association of social audio-visual stimuli based on meaning
Authors: Froesel Mathilda , Gacoin Maëva , Clavagnier Simon , Hauser Marc , Goudard Quentin , Hamed Suliann Ben
Published: November 2022

Social communication draws on several cognitive functions such as
perception, emotion recognition and attention. In a previous study, we
demonstrated that macaques associate audio-visual information when
processing their species-specific communicative signals. Specifically,
cortical activation is inhibited when there is a mismatch between
vocalisations and social visual information whereas activation is
enhanced in the lateral sulcus, superior temporal sulcus as well as a
larger network composed of early visual and prefrontal areas when
vocalisations and social visual information match. Here, we use a
similar task and functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the
role of subcortical structures. We identify three subcortical regions
involved in audio-visual processing of species-specific communicative
signal: the amygdala, the claustrum and the pulvinar. Like the cortex,
these subcortical structures are not activated when there is a mismatch
between visual and acoustic information. In contrast, the amygdala and
claustrum are activated by visual, auditory congruent and audio-visual
stimulations. The pulvinar responds in a task-dependent manner, along a
specific spatial sensory gradient. Anterior pulvinar responds to
auditory stimuli, medial pulvinar is activated by auditory, audio-visual
and visual stimuli and the dorsal lateral pulvinar only responds to
visual stimuli in a pure visual task. The medial pulvinar and the
amygdala are the only subcortical structures integrating audio-visual
social stimuli. We propose that these three structures belong to a
multisensory network that modulates the perception of visual
socioemotional information and vocalizations as a function of the
relevance of the stimuli in the social context.
Experimental analysis of performance of diesel engine fuelled by biofuel made from waste vegetable oil
Authors: Kumar Anil , Patel Raj , Yadav Anshul
Published: November 2022

Increasing air pollution is one of the significant problems globally,
especially in developing countries that are caused mainly by exhaust
emissions from motor vehicles. This study aims to analyse the performance of
a diesel engine using biodiesel as fuel and compare it with pure diesel oil.
In the present study, biodiesel was produced from waste vegetable oil. The
transesterification was performed with methyl alcohol in the presence of
catalyst potassium hydroxide. Blends B10 and B20 were made by mixing pure
diesel and biodiesel fuel. Various parameters such as brake specific fuel
consumption, brake thermal efficiency, mass flow rate, and brake power were
calculated. At 5 kg load, the brake thermal efficiency for B10 was higher
compared to pure diesel and B20 by 13.72% and 10.02 %, respectively, while
the fuel consumption time was 2.35 % and 3.56 % more than pure diesel for
B10 and B20, respectively. At no-load conditions, the fuel consumption rate
for B10 was maximum, 5.17 % and 12.38 % more than that of B20 and pure
diesel, respectively. Thus, without compensating for the power and brake
thermal efficiency, vegetable oil-based biodiesel and its blends can be used
in CI diesel engines as an alternative fuel.
The groundwater level changing processes modeling in 2D and 3D formulation
Authors: Sierikova Olena , Koloskov Volodymyr , Strelnikova Elena
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to develop a mathematical model to determine
the tendency of the groundwater level changes under the influence of
external factors to prevent environmentally hazardous impacts and emergency
situations. Mathematical methods (analytical solution of differential
filtration equations involved the computer program Maple) - for creation the
groundwater level changes model, methods of ecological and economic
assessment and comparative analysis - for the identification of groundwater
level impact important factors and groundwater level impact on the
environment, balance method - for assessing the groundwater level changes.
The mathematical model in 2D formulation works from any value of the initial
groundwater level. The value of groundwater level changing at constant
evapotranspiration has been obtained, which has been visualized by
calculations for limited areas of the Kharkiv territory. Three-dimensional
modelling of groundwater level changing in contrast to two-dimensional
allows to take into account the dependence of evapotranspiration on the
presence of artificial coverings on the soil surface, which are located
unevenly and have different filtration coefficients, which causes
corresponding groundwater level changes of urban areas. The nature of
groundwater level changes under the influence of external factors has been
determined. The necessity to create three-dimensional mathematical models to
describe groundwater level changes and improve forecasts of their changes
have been identified. A three-dimensional mathematical model of urban
groundwater level changes, such as atmospheric water infiltration,
additional groundwater replenishment, transpiration, evaporation,
evapotranspiration, and groundwater abstraction has been developed. The
boundary conditions of the three-dimensional mathematical model have been
formulated.
Study the effect of adding biofuel from jojoba oil modified with bio-extract on the diesel engine performance
Authors: Ali Ali , Ahmad Adnan , Mahmoud Jafar
Published: November 2022

Blends of diesel fuel and biofuel of jojoba oil before and after modification
with volume ratio of (5%) of the bio-extract containing beneficial bacteria
and yeasts were prepared at different mixing ratios. Where the engine's fuel
consumption and the maximum pressure in each cylinder were measured, and
then the exhaust gases, smoke and fog emitted from the engine were analysed.
The results showed that adding jojoba oil modified with bio-extract to
diesel fuel reduces the emission of gases CO, CO2, and HC by about 50%, 35%
and 14.4% respectively. It also leads to a reduction in engine fuel
consumption by (18.75%) at engine speed (200rpm).
The management of COVID 19 by plant extracts, essential oils and phytoconstituents: A review
Authors: Elkolli Meriem , Elkolli Hayet
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
virus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), it is a virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae
which includes zoonotic viruses infecting mammals and birds. This disease
emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and quickly developed into a
global pandemic with high mortality rates. The magnitude of the pandemic has
involved a global collaborative scientific response to develop effective
preventive and therapeutic means using both traditional and advanced
techniques. However, to date specific therapies for COVID-19 are not well
established and only a few vaccines are approved for emergency use. Herbal
remedies, especially essential oils (EOs) can boost immunity which plays a
decisive role in the initiation and progression of the disease in the
preliminary stage of a COVID-19 infection. The low cost and availability of
medicinal plants as well as the almost non-existent side effects encourages
their widespread use during the pandemic, hence a great need to identify
plant extracts for anti-COVID 19 use. Although the majority of studies are
done in silico, with little in vivo or in vitro study, we can have an idea
for further later experiments.
Combined enzymatic degradation of dextran and starch towards enhancement of the raw cane sugar juice filtration efficiency
Authors: Farmani Boukaga , Djordjevic Miljana , Bodbodak Samad , Younessi-Hamzekhanlu Mehdi , Alirezalu Kazem
Published: November 2022

By assessing the polarization, colour, dextran, starch, phenols, proteins,
melassigenic cations (Na+, K+) and Ca2+, reducing sugars and pH, presented
study evaluates the main factors influencing non-sugars content and juice
filterability in 17 raw cane sugar samples of different geographical origin.
?-amylase and dextranase were applied for combined enzymatic degradation of
starch and dextran as main undesirable compounds in raw cane sugar juices
(15 ?Brix and pH 5.5) at four different concentrations (10:12.5, 20:25,
30:37.5 and 40:50 ppm) and 55 ?C during 30 min. Decrease of starch and
dextran concentrations in juices remarkably increased filterability in range
of 20-75% for different raw cane sugar juices. Combined enzymatic effect of
?-amylase and dextranase mixture in concentration 30:37.5 ppm showed best
result for improving filterability of raw cane sugar juices through
reduction in starch and dextran content as main non-sugar impurities.
Selecting the raw cane sugar with appropriate quality parameters facilitates
the refining process. Simultaneous addition of ?-amylase and dextranase
mixture (30:37.5 ppm/juice) can improve filterability of low polarization
raw cane sugar juice up to 41% and contribute to the refining process
enhancement and thus obtention of high-quality refined cane sugar.
Valorization of barrel washing winery wastewater through production of microbial biocontrol agents
Authors: Pajcin Ivana , Vlajkov Vanja , Loc Marta , Dodic Jelena , Grahovac Mila , Grahovac Jovana
Published: November 2022

Winery wastewater arising from different wine production phases poses a
significant environmental threat and economic burden for wine producers
considering the legislative requirements regarding the obligatory wastewater
treatment. Taking into account the high amount of organic and inorganic
nutrients suitable for microbial growth being present in the winery
wastewater, the aim of this study was to investigate a possible valorisation
route for barrel washing winery wastewater through production of microbial
biocontrol agents based on Bacillus sp. The produced biocontrol agents were
tested against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens, including Xanthomonas
campestris, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria and Aspergillus flavus. The results of
in vitro antimicrobial activity testing have shown the high potential of
barrel washing winery wastewater to be used as substrate for Bacillus sp.
growth, considering that inhibition zone diameters of biocontrol agents
based on waste substrate were even higher compared to commercial synthetic
medium in case of Aspergillus flavus suppression. This study opens a
possibility to further optimize bioprocess conditions including valorisation
of barrel washing winery wastewater to maximize antimicrobial activity of
the produced biocontrol agents and contribute to the increase of
cost-effectiveness of both wine and biocontrol agent?s production.
Insight in triazine chromatographic and microbiological analysis: A brief review
Authors: Karadzic-Banjac Milica , Salakovic Benjamin , Kovacevic Strahinja , Jevric Lidija , Podunavac-Kuzmanovic Sanja
Published: November 2022

Triazine is the six-membered heterocyclic ring that contains three nitrogen?s
instead of the carbon- hydrogen unit in the benzene. The triazine
derivatives are very attractive from the perspective of agriculture,
pharmacology and medicine for a long period of time. They possess a
versatile pharmacophore which enables them to express diverse biological
activities such as pesticidal, antibacterial, antifungal, antiendotoxin,
antileishmanial, antitubercular and anticancer activity. This review
represents a summarized report of the chromatographic and microbiological
analysis of the triazine derivatives published in past five years.
Chemical composition and biopotential of mother juices of elderberry and mulberry enriched with guarana extract
Authors: Terzic Milena , Majkic Tatjana , Zengin Gökhan , Beara Ivana , Stozinic Milica , Milosevic Sanja , Radojkovic Marija
Published: November 2022

Wild-growing berry fruits have been used in traditional medicine and nutrition, but even today they are increasingly used as a source of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive ingredients. Increased consumer awareness of healthy lifestyles has led to the expansion of the functional food market, focusing on berry products. Therefore, consumers' interest in nutritious foods and beverages, including wild-growing berry fruits become greater. In order to respond to the enhanced demands of consumers, berries are increasingly used for the creation and formulation of potentially new functional products. In this work, the plant species Sambucus nigra L. and Morus nigra L. were used to obtaining cold-pressing juices which are enriched with dry extract of guarana seeds. Nutritional values, mineral composition, as well as biological and pharmacological potential were examined. The results of the analysis showed that the dominant mineral was K (for elderberry 4398.80 mg/L and for mulberry 3582.11 mg/L). The analysed juices were characterized as a rich source of total phenolic compounds (for elderberry 261.51 mg GAE/L, for mulberry 129.36 mg GAE/L). - By examining the bio-pharmacological potential, it was determined that the juices of these wild plant species were a very strong reducing agents, especially towards the Cu2+ ion, while in reducing excessive enzyme activity, the best result was achieved in the inhibition of the enzyme tyrosinase (for elderberry 98.39 mg KAE/L, for mulberry 78.99 mg KAE/L).
The fouling in the crude distillation preheat train of Algerian reffinery
Authors: Harche Rima , Mouheb Abdelkader
Published: November 2022

Fouling in crude distillation unit preheat train in petroleum refineries is a
complex phenomenon. Besides, fouling of equipment by crude oil undergoes
different mechanisms at different stages of preheating. Hence, understanding
the fouling mechanisms is essential in formulating appropriate fouling
mitigation strategies. In this respect, the use of the concept of threshold
fouling conditions is one of the approaches for mitigating fouling through
operating conditions. Indeed, during this study, a monitoring of the
temporal fouling resistance evolution of the E102 exchanger battery of the
Algerian refinery was carried out. However, this resistance was calculated
based on the classical method proposed by Kern. Given that the monitoring of
pressure drops is a widely used method in refineries so as to detect of
fouling in the tubes of heat exchangers, it decided to study its evolution
over time. Nonetheless, this study has effectively revealed that the heat
exchanger battery had a clogging problem since the pressure drops increased
over time. In addition, a considerable discrepancy was noted between the
values read on the manometers and those calculated from a theoretical
expression. In virtue of which, these deviations could be the consequence of
measurement uncertainties or the instability of the operating conditions,
and also to the fact of considering a constant internal diameter of the
tubes.
Sensitivity analysis and soft-computaional prediction of colour characteristics of dried tomatoes
Authors: Hussein Jelili , Oke Moruf , Agboola Fausat , Oke Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

Excessive heating with hot-air oven dryers produces considerable losses in
the quality of dried tomatoes, particularly in the organoleptic and colour
characteristics. Thus, process parameters need to be optimised to minimise
detrimental colour quality changes that might not be easily achieved using
sophisticated colour detection devices. While a sizable number of studies on
the drying of tomatoes, soft-computational modelling and sensitivity
analysis of tomatoes' colour characteristics during convective hot-air
drying using Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Artificial
Neural Network (ANN) are still unreported. Therefore, this work presents a
soft-computing prediction of tomatoes' colour characteristics during
convective hot-air drying. The tomatoes were pretreated, sliced, and dried
at 40, 50, and 60?C. The colour characteristics (L*, a*, b*, a*/b* change
in colour, browning index, hue, and chroma) before and after were
determined, and the data was used to train ANN and ANFIS models. The model's
predictive performance was determined by calculating the coefficient of
determination (R2), Root Means Squared Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error
(MAE) between predicted and experimental results. The results showed a range
of 26.83 - 43.27, 22.79 - 42.10, 16.99 - 33.72, 1.11 - 1.34, 16.70 - 42.71,
16.94 - 62.37, 28.43 - 53.94, and 0.84 - 0.93, respectively, for the colour
characteristics. The ANFIS model demonstrates a meaningful relationship
between colour changes and drying conditions with a higher R2 (0.9999) and
lower RMSE (0.0452) and MAE (0.0312) than ANN. Thus, the ANFIS model is
reliable for prediction and can be further used for fuzzy-based controller
process design.
Development of a Clinical Prediction Model for Diabetes in Chronic Pancreatitis: The PREDICT3c Study
Authors: Jeon Christie , Hart Phil A. , Li Liang , Yang Yunlong , Chang Eleanor , Bellin Melena D. , Fisher William E. , Fogel Evan L. , Forsmark Christopher E. , Park Walter G. , K. Van Den Eeden Stephen , Vege Santhi Swaroop , Serrano José , Whitcomb David C. , Andersen Dana K. , Conwell Darwin L. , Yadav Dhiraj , Goodarzi Mark O
Published: November 2022

  

Objective: Diabetes arising in chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, methods to predict which CP patients are at greatest risk for diabetes are urgently needed. We aimed to examine independent risk factors for diabetes in a large cohort of CP. 

Research Design and Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 645 individuals enrolled in the PROCEED study with CP, of whom 276 had diabetes. We conducted univariable and multivariable regression analyses of potential risk factors for diabetes. Model performance was assessed with area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) analysis, and accuracy was evaluated by cross-validation. Exploratory analyses stratified the diabetes cases according to the timing of development of diabetes relative to the diagnosis of pancreatitis. 

Results: Independent correlates of diabetes in CP included risk factors for type 2 diabetes (older age, overweight/obese status, male, non-White race, tobacco use) as well as pancreatic disease-related factors (history of acute pancreatitis complications, non-alcoholic etiology of CP, exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, pancreatic calcification, pancreatic atrophy) (AUROC 0.745). Type 2 diabetes risk factors predominated in diabetes occurring before pancreatitis, and pancreatic disease-related factors predominated in diabetes occurring after pancreatitis. 

Conclusion: Multiple factors are associated with diabetes in CP, including canonical risk factors for type 2 diabetes and features associated with pancreatitis severity. This study lays the groundwork for the future development of models integrating clinical and non-clinical data to identify CP patients at risk for diabetes and identifies modifiable risk factors (obesity, smoking) on which to focus for diabetes prevention. 
Legal socialization, perceptions of the police, and delinquency in three Caribbean nations
Authors: Cheon Hyunjung
Published: November 2022

Legal socialization is the process by which individuals obtain their attitudes and beliefs about formal social control mechanisms such as the police, including how these are formed through domains of social life. These attitudes and subsequent beliefs toward the police, whether positive or negative, have been found to impact individuals’ compliance with the law and cooperation with legal authorities. Despite research advancements on legal socialization, the theoretical hypotheses drawn from this perspective have not been tested in the Caribbean context, a high crime and violence setting where the police are often viewed as corrupt, untrustworthy, and ineffective. This study uses data from 4,293 youths to examine the effect of socializing agents (i.e., family, school, and peers) on youth perceptions of the police in three nations – Guyana, St. Kitts and Nevis, and St. Lucia – and whether these perceptions impact delinquency. We find that legal socialization domains and perceptions of the police are important factors that influence delinquency in the Caribbean. Implications are discussed in light of future research and policy.