bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE STANDARDIZATION OF VERTICAL ACCURACY FIGURES IN DEMS
Authors: Casella V. , Padova B.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) play a key role in hydrological risk prevention and mitigation: hydraulic numeric simulations, slope and aspect maps all heavily rely on DEMs. Hydraulic numeric simulations require the used DEM to have a defined accuracy, in order to obtain reliable results. Are the DEM accuracy figures clearly and uniquely defined? The paper focuses on some issues concerning DEM accuracy definition and assessment. Two DEM accuracy definitions can be found in literature: accuracy at the interpolated point and accuracy at the nodes. The former can be estimated by means of randomly distributed check points, while the latter by means of check points coincident with the nodes. The two considered accuracy figures are often treated as equivalent, but they aren't. Given the same DEM, assessing it through one or the other approach gives different results. Our paper performs an in-depth characterization of the two figures and proposes standardization coefficients.
APPLICATION OF LIDAR-DERIVED DEM FOR DETECTION OF MASS MOVEMENTS ON A LANDSLIDE
Authors: Barbarella M. , Fiani M. , Lugli A.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. In order to reliably detect changes in the surficial morphology of a landslide, measurements performed at the different epochs being compared have to comply with certain characteristics such as allowing the reconstruction of the surface from acquired points and a resolution sufficiently high to provide a proper description of details. Terrestrial Laser Scanning survey enables to acquire large amounts of data and therefore potentially allows knowing even small details of a landslide. By appropriate additional field measurements, point clouds can be referenced to a common reference system with high accuracy, so that scans effectively share the same system. In this note we present the monitoring of a large landslide by two surveys carried out two years apart from each other. The adopted reference frame consists of a network of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) permanent stations that constitutes a system of controlled stability over time. Knowledge of the shape of the surface comes from the generation of a DEM (Digital Elevation Model). Some algorithms are compared and the analysis is performed by means of the evaluation of some statistical parameters using cross-validation. In general, evaluation of mass displacements occurred between two surveys is possible differencing the corresponding DEMs, but then arises the need to distinguish the different behaviors of the various landslide bodies that could be present among the slope. Here landslide bodies' identification has been carried out considering geomorphological criteria, making also use of DEM derived products, such as contour maps, slope and aspect maps.
THE ELEVATION NET FOR THE SALTWATER INTRUSION PHENOMENON ANALYSIS IN THE COASTAL PLAIN OF PISA
Authors: Caroti G. , Piemonte A. , Redini M.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. In coastal plains, such as that of Pisa, with particular reference to groundwater, the marine intrusion phenomenon occurs not only through the freshwater/saltwater interface in the aquifer along the shore line, but also by the rise of the salt wedge in water courses, in case they are in hydraulic connection with the aquifer itself. The depth of the interface is primarily regulated by the hydrostatic freshwater/saltwater balance, that can be modified by anthropic exploitation of groundwater. To this day, seawater intrusion is considered one of the most extensive and important processes that degrade water quality through an increase in salinity levels up to values exceeding the standard for drinking water and irrigation systems, and endangering the future use of coastal waters. Given the potential hazard of the phenomenon, control wells are set up in order to monitor its evolution, allowing to perform routine in-well analyses aimed at measuring its characteristic parameters. The essential foundation to reconstruct the freshwater/saltwater interface, and therefore also for the recognition of the phenomenon of seawater intrusion, is represented by piezometric reconstructions integrated with hydrogeochemical information that can be obtained directly from in-well measurements and indirectly through laboratory tests carried out on samples of water. A serious limitation of the piezometric reconstructions is mostly represented by the margin of approximation with which the elevation of water points has been established, which in turn result in uncertainty in the relationship between piezometric and hydrometric elevation. This paper presents various methodologies, GNSS and conventional, to determine the elevation of piezometers, also evaluating the accuracy obtainable and the requirements in terms of time, personnel and equipment.
A wavelet melt detection algorithm applied to enhanced-resolution scatterometer data over Antarctica (2000–2009)
Authors: Steiner N. , Tedesco M.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Melting is mapped over Antarctica at a high spatial resolution using a novel melt detection algorithm based on wavelets and multiscale analysis. The method is applied to Ku-band (13.4 GHz) normalized backscattering measured by SeaWinds onboard the satellite QuikSCAT and spatially enhanced on a 5 km grid over the operational life of the sensor (1999–2009). Wavelet-based estimates of melt spatial extent and duration are compared with those obtained by means of threshold-based detection methods, where melting is detected when the measured backscattering is 3 dB below the preceding winter mean value. Results from both methods are assessed by means of automatic weather station (AWS) air surface temperature records. The yearly melting index, the product of melted area and melting duration, found using a fixed threshold and wavelet-based melt algorithm are found to have a relative difference within 7% for all years. Most of the difference between melting records determined from QuikSCAT is related to short-duration backscatter changes identified as melting using the threshold methodology but not the wavelet-based method. The ability to classify melting based on relative persistence is a critical aspect of the wavelet-based algorithm. Compared with AWS air-temperature records, both methods show a relative agreement to within 10% based on estimated melt conditions, although the fixed threshold generally finds a greater agreement with AWS. Melting maps obtained with the wavelet-based approach are also compared with those obtained from spaceborne brightness temperatures recorded by the Special Sensor Microwave/Image (SSM/I). With respect to passive microwave records, we find a higher degree of agreement (9% relative difference) for the melting index using the wavelet-based approach than threshold-based methods (11% relative difference).
Three-phase numerical model for subsurface hydrology in permafrost-affected regions
Authors: Karra S. , Painter S. L. , Lichtner P. C.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Degradation of near-surface permafrost due to changes in the climate is expected to impact the hydrological, ecological and biogeochemical responses of the Arctic tundra. From a hydrological perspective, it is important to understand the movement of the various phases of water (gas, liquid and ice) during the freezing and thawing of near surface soils. We present a new non-isothermal, single-component (water), three-phase formulation that treats air as an inactive component. The new formulation is implemented in the massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport code PFLOTRAN. Parallel performance for this implementation is demonstrated, and validation studies using previously published experimental data are performed. A comparison between the new model and a more complete two-component (air–water) multiphase approach shows only minor differences. When water vapor diffusion is considered, a large effect on soil moisture dynamics is seen, which is due to dependence of thermal conductivity on ice content. A large three-dimensional simulation (with around 6 million degrees of freedom) of seasonal freezing and thawing is also presented.
Rent-a-crowd? Crowdfunding academic research
Authors: English Rebecca
Published: January 2014

This paper examines the use of crowdfunding platforms to fund academic research. Looking specifically at the use of a Pozible campaign to raise funds for a small pilot research study into home education in Australia, the paper reports on the success and problems of using the platform. It also examines the crowdsourcing of literature searching as part of the package. The paper looks at the realities of using this type of platform to gain start-up funding for a project and argues that families and friends are likely to be the biggest supporters. The finding that family and friends are likely to be the highest supporters supports similar work in the arts communities that are traditionally served by crowdfunding platforms. The paper argues that, with exceptions, these platforms can be a source of income in times where academics are finding it increasingly difficult to source government funding for projects.
Redefinition of online scoops: Online journalists’ personal and institutional responses to online scoops
Authors: Lim Jeongsub
Published: January 2014

Online news circulates at a fast pace on a real-time basis. It is necessary for online journalists to deal with breaking news at each stage of the news-making process. This process is a part of the institutionalization rooted in the production of online news. On the basis of such observations, this study includes findings from interviews with Korean online journalists to determine how they perceive the nature of scoops in relation to their competitors and how they respond to scoops. This study is meaningful in that its empirical findings provide baseline information for theorizing about the online production of news. This study also reveals that perceptions of online scoops have been redefined among online journalists. Furthermore, institutions and individual intuitions guide online journalists’ news production.
Emergency-relief coordination on social media: Automatically matching resource requests and offers
Authors: Purohit Hemant , Castillo Carlos , Diaz Fernando , Sheth Amit , Meier Patrick
Published: January 2014

Disaster affected communities are increasingly turning to social media for communication and coordination. This includes reports on needs (demands) and offers (supplies) of resources required during emergency situations. Identifying and matching such requests with potential responders can substantially accelerate emergency relief efforts. Current work of disaster management agencies is labor intensive, and there is substantial interest in automated tools.We present machine–learning methods to automatically identify and match needs and offers communicated via social media for items and services such as shelter, money, clothing, etc. For instance, a message such as “we are coordinating a clothing/food drive for families affected by Hurricane Sandy. If you would like to donate, DM us” can be matched with a message such as “I got a bunch of clothes I’d like to donate to hurricane sandy victims. Anyone know where/how I can do that?” Compared to traditional search, our results can significantly improve the matchmaking efforts of disaster response agencies.
The Microbiological Effects of Procedures Used in Commercial Practice for Cleaning Mechanical Tenderizing Equipment Used With Beef
Authors: Youssef M. K. , Klassen M. D. , Gill C. O.
Published: January 2014

The microbiological effects of routine cleaning of a common type of blade tenderizing equipment (Ross TC700MC) used with beef at a retail store meat fabrication facility were investigated. Swab samples were obtained from various parts of the equipment before and after its use on each of 5 days, with 17 samples being obtained on each occasion. The median numbers of aerobes recovered before or after use each day were mostly not significantly different (P > 0.05) and > 3.5 log cfu/sample. Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms were recovered after use each day at total numbers of 2.5 – 4.2 and 2.4 – 3.2 log cfu, respectively; and sometimes before use at total numbers of 1.7 – 3.9 and 0.7 – 2.1 log cfu, respectively. With more careful performance of cleaning procedures by facility staff and storing in a chiller, the numbers of aerobes recovered from the tenderizer before use were 3 log units less than the numbers found on the used equipment, and Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms were not recovered. Studies at a laboratory with a tenderizer used with beef cuts showed that cleaning was equally effective for reducing numbers of aerobic bacteria by ? 3 log units when carried out using water of 90 °C or 55 °C; and that drying of equipment was necessary to prevent growth of Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms on cleaned equipment not stored at chiller temperatures.
How to Teach Modern Philosophy
Authors: Marshall Eugene ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2014

This essay presents the challenges facing those preparing to teach the history of modern philosophy and proposes some solutions. I first discuss the goals for such a course, as well as the particular methodological challenges of teaching a history of modern philosophy course. Next a standard set of thinkers, readings, and themes is presented, followed by some alternatives. I then argue that one ought to diversify one’s syllabus beyond the canoni­cal set of six or seven white men. As a first step toward that goal, I propose several ways to include women philosophers in the syllabus. I then lay out assignments and in-class activities that aid students toward the course goals. I conclude with a consideration of the challenges and rewards of teaching modern philosophy.
Homing of Neural Stem Cells From the Venous Compartment Into a Brain Infarct Does Not Involve Conventional Interactions With Vascular Endothelium
Authors: Goncharova Valentina , Das Shreyasi , Niles Walter , Schraufstatter Ingrid , Wong Aaron K. , Povaly Tatiana , Wakeman Dustin , Miller Leonard , Snyder Evan Y. , Khaldoyanidi Sophia K.
Published: January 2014

Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) hold great potential for treatment of a wide variety of neurodegenerative and neurotraumatic conditions. Heretofore, administration has been through intracranial injection or implantation of cells. Because neural stem cells are capable of migrating to the injured brain from the intravascular space, it seemed feasible to administer them intravenously if their ability to circumvent the blood-brain barrier was enhanced. In the present studies, we found that interactions of hNSCs in vitro on the luminal surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was enhanced following enforced expression of cutaneous lymphocyte antigen on cell surface moieties by incubation of hNSCs with fucosyltransferase VI and GDP-fucose (fhNSCs). Interestingly, ex vivo fucosylation of hNSCs not only did not improve the cells homing into the brain injured by stroke following intravenous administration but also increased mortality of rats compared with the nonfucosylated hNSC group. Efforts to explain these unexpected findings using a three-dimensional flow chamber device revealed that transmigration of fhNSCs (under conditions of physiological shear stress) mediated by stromal cell-derived factor 1α was significantly decreased compared with controls. Further analysis revealed that hNSCs poorly withstand physiological shear stress, and their ability is further decreased following fucosylation. In addition, fhNSCs demonstrated a higher frequency of cellular aggregate formation as well as a tendency for removal of fucose from the cell surface. In summary, our findings suggest that the behavior of hNSCs in circulation is different from that observed with other cell types and that, at least for stroke, intravenous administration is a suboptimal route, even when the in vitro rolling ability of hNSCs is optimized by enforced fucosylation.
Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived From Mouse and Human White Mature Adipocytes
Authors: Jumabay Medet , Abdmaulen Raushan , Ly Albert , Cubberly Mark R. , Shahmirian Laurine J. , Heydarkhan-Hagvall Sepideh , Dumesic Daniel A. , Yao Yucheng , Boström Kristina I.
Published: January 2014

White mature adipocytes give rise to so-called dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells that spontaneously undergo multilineage differentiation. In this study, we defined stem cell characteristics of DFAT cells as they are generated from adipocytes and the relationship between these characteristics and lineage differentiation. Both mouse and human DFAT cells, prepared from adipose tissue and lipoaspirate, respectively, showed evidence of pluripotency, with a maximum 5–7 days after adipocyte isolation. The DFAT cells spontaneously formed clusters in culture, which transiently expressed multiple stem cell markers, including stage-specific embryonic antigens, and Sca-1 (mouse) and CD105 (human), as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and immunostaining. As the stem cell markers decreased, markers characteristic of the three germ layers and specific lineage differentiation, such as α-fetoprotein (endoderm, hepatic), Neurofilament-66 (ectoderm, neurogenic), and Troponin I (mesoderm, cardiomyogenic), increased. However, no teratoma formation was detected after injection in immunodeficient mice. A novel modification of the adipocyte isolation aimed at ensuring the initial purity of the adipocytes and avoiding ceiling culture allowed isolation of DFAT cells with pluripotent characteristics. Thus, the adipocyte-derived DFAT cells represent a plastic stem cell population that is highly responsive to changes in culture conditions and may benefit cell-based therapies.
'Aquí se contienen cuatro obras muy santas', todas expurgadas y atribuidas a Joan Timoneda
Authors: Mahiques Climent Joan , Rovira Cerdà Helena
Published: January 2014

Resumen: Estudiamos y editamos las siguientes poesías devotas: 1) Digas, hortelano; 2) A vos, Virgen pía, estrella que guía; 3) Yo conozco, digo y cuento; 4) Oíd, reina que al cielo. La edición más antigua conocida que las reúne todas, aunque sine notis, se publicó en Valencia hacia 1561-1563, con una rúbrica que atribuía la primera a Joan Timoneda, la tercera a Francisco de Argüello y la última a Ángel González. Otros testimonios posteriores, y también algunos índices expurgatorios, consideran que las cuatro obras fueron compuestas por Timoneda, a quien Pere Salvà i Mallén asignó de manera más particular la segunda, es decir la Pavana de Nuestra Señora, aunque esta fue impresa en un pliego poético datable hacia 1533-1535 y, por tanto, parece anterior al período de actividad literaria del mencionado poeta. Si durante los siglos XVI-XVII estos poemas se difundieron conjuntamente en forma de pliego suelto, se nota la ausencia de testimonios impresos en el Setecientos, justo cuando entraron en los índices de libros prohibidos. Aparte de describir las fuentes antiguas localizadas, establecemos algunas conexiones entre estas cuatro obras y otras muestras poéticas circunscritas al contexto valenciano de mediados del siglo XVI.Palabras clave: Siglo XVI, poesía castellana, transmisión textual, edición, Valencia, Joan Timoneda, contrafactumAbstract: We study and edit four Spanish poems with the following opening lines: 1) Digas, hortelano; 2) A vos, Virgen pía, estrella que guía; 3) Yo conozco, digo y cuento; 4) Oíd, reina que al cielo. The earliest known edition that includes all of them was published sine notis (but probably in Valencia from 1561 to 1563) with a rubric that attributed the first work to Joan Timoneda, the third one to Francisco de Argüello and the last one to Ángel González. Some later literary sources and indexes of forbidden books consider that the four pieces were composed by Joan Timoneda, at whom Pere Salvà i Mallén assigned more specifically the second poem, titled Pavana de Nuestra Señora, although it was printed in a chapbook datable circa 1533-1535 and therefore it seems written prior to Timoneda’s output. These four pieces were published together in chapbook form during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but there is no evidence of its printed transmission during the eighteenth century, just when they were expurgated. We describe some known printed books and manuscripts transmitting these poems, and we relate them to another poetic works emerged in mid-sixteenth century Valencia.Keywords: Sixteenth century; Spanish poetry; textual transmission; edition; Valencia; Joan Timoneda; contrafactum
Ressenya a Rosa Mª Gregori Roig, La impressora Jerònima Galés i els Mey (València, segle XVI), València, Generalitat Valenciana-Biblioteca Valenciana, 2012
Authors: Ferrer del Río Estefania
Published: January 2014

Ressenya a Rosa Mª Gregori Roig, La impressora Jerònima Galés i els Mey (València, segle XVI), València, Generalitat Valenciana-Biblioteca Valenciana, 2012, 611 pp. ISBN:978-84-482-5722-4.
Sobre la fortuna de Boccaccio en la tradición peninsular. Las primeras traducciones catalanas y la incorporación de la misoginia en Cataluña
Authors: Esteva de Llobet Lola
Published: January 2014

Resum: Con la traducción al catalán de Il Corbaccio por el mercader Narcís Franch (1498) se inicia una doble corriente peninsular de misoginia y feminismo. Sus argumentos pasaron a formar parte del pensamiento misógino defendido por el Arciprestre de Talavera, Bernat Metge, Jaume Roig, Francesc Eiximenis y Pere Torrelles. Sin embargo, esta tendencia de vituperio e invectiva contra las mujeres tuvo también sus detractores, lo que originó la llamada «querella de las mujeres» en defensa de sus valores. Hombres y mujeres como Christine de Pizan, Teresa de Cartagena, Isabel, Enrique de Villena y Rodríguez del Padrón atacaron la reprobación sistemática del sexo femenino, basándose en el De claris mulieribus de Boccaccio Partiendo de los argumentos pro y anti femeninos de La Fiammetta y Il Corbaccio se revisan textos y argumentos misóginos de la tradición, con el fin de elaborar una teoría sobre la «querelle de las mujeres» en la tradición catalana y castellana.Palabras clave: Boccaccio; traducciones catalanas; misoginia; querelle de la rosa; querelle de las mujeres»Abstract: The Catalan translation of II Corbaccio made by the merchant Narcís Franch (1948) initiates a double stream of though in the Spanish peninsula about misogyny and feminism. His arguments became part of the misogyny though defended by Arciprestre de Talavera, Bernat Metge, Jaume Roig, Francesc Eiximenis and Pere Torrelles. Nevertheless, this trend of though about disgrace and invective against women also had its detractors, which originated the socalled «querelle des femmes» in defense of their values. Men and women like Christine de Pizan, Teresa de Cartagena, Isabel, Enrique de Villena and Rodríguez del Padrón attacked the systematic condemnation of women, inspired by the Claris mulieribus of Boccaccio. Based on the arguments pro and against female of La Fiammetta and Il Corbaccio, this article will reviews other texts and misogynous arguments of the tradition, with the purpose of concluding my theory about the «querelle des femmes» in Catalonia and Castile.Keywords: Boccaccio; Catalan translations; misogyny; querelle de la rose; querelle des femmes»
La comicitat, la paròdia i aspectes anticlericals en alguns contes plaents catalans: La Disputació d'en Buc ab son cavall i el Testament de Serradell de Vic
Authors: Marco Artigas Miquel
Published: January 2014

Resum: El treball és un estudi sobre tres aspectes que defineixen aquests contes catalans medievals en vers que part de la crítica ha considerat que poden classificar-se com a fabliaux. Aquests aspectes, tal com ja s’esmenta en el títol, són la comicitat, la paròdia i l’anticlericalisme. Altres qüestions relacionades amb aquests contes plaents que han estat considerades importants i interessants són l’anàlisi dels personatges, els diferents significats atorgats per la crítica, els manuscrits, els autors i que es tracten en aquest estudi. Prèviament es presenta una breu introducció sobre el context polític i social de l’època i de la crisi que va afectar l’estament eclesiàstic.Paraules clau: fabliaux; La disputació d’en Buc ab son cavall: Testament de Serradell de VicAbstract: This work is a study of three aspects that define these stories Catalan medieval verse that critics have considered that could be classified as fables. These aspects, as already mentioned in the title, are the comedy, parody and anticlericalism. Other issues that have these pleasant stories are considered important and interesting are the analysis of thecharacters, the different meanings given by critics and other features such as manuscripts, autors, have also been studied in this study. Previously a brief introduction to the socio-political context of the time and the crisis that affected the clergy is presented.Key words: fabliaux; La disputació d’en Buc ab son cavall; Testament de Serradell de Vic
L'ús comercial de la costa marítima d'Oriola: Edició i notes onomàstiques i lingüístiques sobre el text d'un plet amb la ciutat d'Alacant (1643)
Authors: Montoya Abat Brauli
Published: January 2014

Resum: El present treball consisteix en l’edició filològica d’un text de 1643 i en el seu estudi onomàstic i lingüístic. El document recull una sèrie de declaracions sobre el dret ancestral de la ciutat d’Oriola a l’ús comercial del tram de costa que pertany al seu terme; és resultat d’un contenciós amb la ciutat d’Alacant, que nega a Oriola el dret a usar la seua façana marítima amb tal objectiu. La referència a les torres de vigilància que existien en el fragment de costa referit dóna una informació interessant sobre els topònims que hi havia, dels quals se’n pot seguir l’evolució fins al dia de hui. L’anàlisi lingu?ística del text se centra a observar quin ús s’hi fa dels trets que han estat caracteritzats en estudis anteriors com a pròpiament oriolans; especialment en el cas de les accepcions castellanes del verb llevar per contrast amb les de portar.Paraules clau: onomàstica; lingu?ística històrica; edició filològica; Oriola; AlacantAbstract: This work consists on the philological edition of a text of 1643 and its onomastic and linguistic study. The document includes a series of statements about the ancient right of the city of Oriola/Orihuela to the commercial use of the stretch of coast that belongs to its term; this is the result of a dispute with the city of Alacant/Alicante, which denies the right of Oriola/Orihuela to use its waterfront to this effect. The reference to the watchtowers that existed in the coastal referred portion gives an interesting information about the existing names, whose evolution can be followed until today. The analysis of the text focuses on observing which use is done of the features that have been characterized in previous studies as oriolans properly, especially in the case of the Castilian meanings of the verb llevar (‘to carry, to bring’) in contrast to the ones of portar (‘to bring’).Keywords: poetry onomastics; historical linguistics; philological edition; Oriola/Orihuela; Alacant/Alicante
La Llegenda del llibreter assassí de Barcelona. Tradizione e traduzione. Note al margine dell’edizione italiana
Authors: Ravasini Inés
Published: January 2014

Riassunto: La recente pubblicazione in Italia della traduzione de La llegenda del llibreter assassí di Ramon Miquel i Planas offre lo spunto per un confronto con alcune precedenti traduzioni in castigliano e per una breve riflessione di metodo sulla traduzione. Le due versioni spagnole (1991 e 2011) si configurano infatti, a differenza di quella italiana, come libere rielaborazioni dell’originale dal momento che ne alterano la struttura, trasformando il testo e piegandolo a nuove finalità. L’elemento di interesse di questa «manipolazione» risiede nel fatto che essa è in qualche modo autorizzata dalla stessa natura miscellanea dell’opera di Miquel i Planas, al contempo libro erudito e antologia di materiali narrativi diversi, e dalle variegate forme di trasmissione dei materiali leggendari raccolti dallo studioso catalano. Le versioni della Llegenda consentono così d’iscrivere la riflessione sul tradurre nell’ambito della ricezione e dell’influsso esercitato dalla tradizione di un testo sulle sue modalità di traduzione. Parole chiave: Miquel i Planas; traduzione; rifacimento; tradizione Abstract: The recent publication of the Italian translation of La llegenda del llibreter assassí by Ramon Miquel i Planas provides an opportunity to make a comparison with some previous Spanish translations and to reflect briefly on translation methods. The two Spanish versions (1991 and 2011), unlike the Italian one, are free reworkings of the original, in the sense that they alter the structure, transform the text and shape it to new ends. What is interesting about this «manipulation» is that it is in some way legitimised by the heterogeneous nature of Miquel i Planas’s work, which is both an erudite volume and an anthology of different narrative materials, as well as by the varied ways in which the Catalan scholar handles materials relating to legends. The versions of Llegenda thus permit the inclusion of this reflection on translation in the sphere of the reception of a text and of the influence exerted by the tradition surrounding a text on the ways it is translated. Keywords: Miquel i Planas; translation; rewriting; tradition
Ressenya a Antoni Ferrando (ed.) Estudis lingüístics i culturals sobre Curial e Güelfa. Novel·la cavalleresca anònima del segle xv en llengua catalana, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013
Authors: Martí Badia Adrià
Published: January 2014

Ressenya a Antoni Ferrando (ed.) Estudis lingüístics i culturals sobre Curial e Güelfa. Novel·la cavalleresca anònima del segle xv en llengua catalana, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012, 2 vol., 1193 pp. ISBN 978-90-272-4009-5
Presentació Scripta núm 2 (desembre, 2013)
Authors: Escartí Soriano Vicent Josep
Published: January 2014

Presentació núm. 2 de SCRIPTA
Ressenya "Col·lecció Scripta"
Authors: Villalonga Joan Carles
Published: January 2014

Ressenya a Joan Veny i Àngels Massip (dirs.), "Col·lecc ió Scripta". Xavier Luna-Batlle (Coord.). Universitat de Barcelona, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat
Ressenya a Jaume Roig, Specchio o Libro delle donne, Introduzione, traduzione italiana e note a cura di Aniello Fratta, Publications of eHumanista, University of California, 2013
Authors: Scarpati Oriana
Published: January 2014

Ressenya a Jaume Roig, Specchio o Libro delle donne, Introduzione, traduzione italiana e note a cura di Aniello Fratta, Santa Bárbara, Publications of eHumanista, 2013, 189 pp. ISBN 978-607-95570-7-2
Mechanisms limiting the growth of aeolian megaripples
Authors: Katra I. , Yizhaq Hezi , Kok Jasper F.
Published: January 2014

Megaripples are distinguished from regular ripples by their larger size and bimodal sediment distribution. The interplay between wind, grain size, and morphology controls their development, but the exact mechanisms that limit the size of megaripples have been unclear. Using wind tunnel experiments, we found two main mechanisms that limit the height of megaripples. The first mechanism is megaripple flattening due to strong enough winds that drive the coarse grains into saltation; the second mechanism is megaripple deflation by impacts of faster saltation grains. In this latter mechanism, the coarse grains are propelled by the impacts of fine saltating grains. The occurrence of both these mechanisms depends on the grain size distribution and increases with both megaripple height and wind speed. Thus, for a given wind environment and grain size distribution, there exists a limit on the size of megaripples, which is determined by these two mechanisms.
Raymond G. Roble Receives 2013 William Bowie Medal: Response
Authors: Roble Raymond G.
Published: January 2014

It is a great honor to receive the 2013 Bowie Medal knowing that it comes from such a prestigious and renowned geophysical society and from AGU colleagues whom I have interacted with for the past 45 years.
Soroosh Sorooshian Receives 2013 Robert E. Horton Medal: Citation
Authors: Vrugt Jasper A.
Published: January 2014

I am proud to introduce Soroosh Sorooshian, distinguished professor of civil and environmental engineering and Earth system science at the University of California, Irvine, as the 2013 Horton medalist. Soroosh is an exemplary scholar, who through collaborations with Hoshin Gupta and numerous other talented students and researchers, has made many landmark contributions to hydrology. I will highlight what I consider to be his principal contributions.
Bernard J. Wood Receives 2013 Harry H. Hess Medal: Citation
Authors: Hofmann Albrecht W.
Published: January 2014

As Harry Hess recognized over 50 years ago, mantle melting is the fundamental motor for planetary evolution and differentiation. Melting generates the major divisions of crust mantle and core. The distribution of chemical elements between solids, melts, and gaseous phases is fundamental to understanding these differentiation processes. Bernie Wood, together with Jon Blundy, has combined experimental petrology and physicochemical theory to revolutionize the understanding of the distribution of trace elements between melts and solids in the Earth. Knowledge of these distribution laws allows the reconstruction of the source compositions of the melts (deep in Earth's interior) from their abundances in volcanic rocks. Bernie's theoretical treatment relates the elastic strain of the lattice caused by the substitution of a trace element in a crystal to the ionic radius and charge of this element. This theory, and its experimental calibrations, brought order to a literature of badly scattered, rather chaotic experimental data that allowed no satisfactory quantitative modeling of melting processes in the mantle.
Improving the performance of existing missile autopilot using simple adaptive control
Authors: Rusnak Ilan , Weiss Haim , Barkana Itzhak
Published: January 2014

A simple add‐on adaptive control algorithm is presented. The paper demonstrates via example that the performance of existing missile autopilot can be improved. The algorithm involves the synthesis of parallel feedforward, which guarantees that the controlled plant is almost strictly positive real. It is proved in the paper that such a parallel feedforward always exists. The proof is based on the parameterization of a set of stabilizing controllers. This parameterization enables straightforward design and implementation of the add‐on simple adaptive control algorithm. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theme Issue Overview: Emerging Issues in Global Animal Product Trade
Authors: Muhammad Andrew , Jones Keithly , Hagerman Amy
Published: January 2014

In this special issue of Agribusiness: An International Journal we focus on emerging issues in global animal product trade, the theme of a conference hosted by the Economic Research Service (ERS), U.S. Department of Agriculture on September 27–28, 2012 in Washington, DC, in partnership with Farm Foundation, NFP, the Larry Combest Endowed Chair for Agricultural Competitiveness at Texas Tech University, and the S‐1043 Regional Research Group. The articles in this special issue highlight a range of factors affecting animal product trade such as import standards and regulations, import bans, preferential trade agreements, price transmission and volatility, exchange rate volatility, and demand growth in emerging markets.
Parameter estimation of linear MIMO systems using sequential relay feedback test
Authors: Panda Rames C. , Vijayaraghavan Sujatha
Published: January 2014

The interactions between inputs and outputs in the multi input multi output (MIMO) systems yield responses from closed‐loop off‐diagonal elements. To characterize these responses through modeling, a systematic approach is followed to derive analytical expressions for relay feedback responses on multivariable systems. Time domain analytical expressions are helpful in deriving boundary conditions to estimate the parameters of MIMO systems. Unknown system parameters are identified using limit cycle data of off‐diagonal closed‐loop relay response curves obtained from single relay feedback test on these MIMO systems. Developed models are found to be in close agreement with real time system, and the parametric identification procedure is also efficient. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1672–1681, 2014
Synthesis of the Aglycone of the Argelosides: Antiproliferative 14,15‐seco‐Pregnane Glycosides
Authors: Tamiya Minoru , Isaka Nobuhisa , Kitazawa Takaki , Ishiguro Masaji
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of the argeloside aglycon, the highly‐oxygenated seco‐pregnane with cage‐like D, E, and F rings, is accomplished in 13 steps starting from a readily accessible vinyl cyclopentanone derivative. The key steps involve Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation to set the C16 stereocenter, Baeyer–Villiger oxidation to construct the seco‐structure, and Wacker oxidation to introduce the C17 oxo groups.
The morphology of Oreopithecus bambolii pollical distal phalanx
Authors: Almécija Sergio , Shrewsbury Marvin , Rook Lorenzo , Moyà‐Solà Salvador
Published: January 2014

Oreopithecus bambolii is a Late Miocene ape from Italy, first described in the late 19th century. Its interpretation is still highly controversial, especially in reference to its hand proportions and thumb morphology. In this study, the authors provide detailed descriptions of the available Oreopithecus pollical distal phalanx (PDP) specimens, as well as bivariate and multivariate morphometric analyses in comparison with humans, extant apes, selected anthropoid monkeys, and available Miocene PDP specimens. The multivariate results reveal two opposite poles on the hominoid PDP shape spectrum: on one side, a mediolaterally broad and dorsopalmarly short human PDP, and on the other side, the narrow and “conical” PDP of chimpanzees and orangutans. The authors contend that Oreopithecus exhibits intermediate PDP proportions that are largely primitive for hominoids because it shares morphological similarities with Proconsul. Furthermore, Oreopithecus displays a mediolaterally wide tuft for a hominoid, as well as a palmarly elevated attachment for a long tendon of a flexor muscle that is associated at its proximal edge with a proximal fossa and at its distal edge with an ungual fossa. These nonmetrical traits have been associated in humans with their capability to oppose and contact the proximal pads of the thumb and fingers, that is, pad‐to‐pad precision grasping. These traits reinforce previous studies that indicate a human‐like thumb‐to‐hand length ratio compatible with pad‐to‐pad precision grasping in Oreopithecus. Although specific hand use is still unresolved in Oreopithecus, the results suggest enhanced manipulative skills (unrelated to stone tool‐making) in this taxon relative to other (extant or fossil) hominoids. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:582–597, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable nitrogen isotope analysis of dentine serial sections elucidate sex differences in weaning patterns of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Fahy Geraldine E. , Richards Michael P. , Fuller Benjamin T. , Deschner Tobias , Hublin Jean‐Jacques , Boesch Christophe
Published: January 2014

Offspring provisioning is one of the most energetically demanding aspects of reproduction for female mammals. Variation in lactation length and weaning strategies between chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), our closest living relative, and modern human societies have been reported. When and why these changes occurred is frequently debated. Our study used stable nitrogen isotope data of tooth root dentine from wild Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, to quantify weaning in these chimpanzees and explore if infant sex plays a role in maternal investment. We analyzed serial sections of deciduous lateral incisor root dentine from four Taï chimpanzees to establish the δ15N signal of nursing infants; we then analyzed serial sections of first permanent mandibular molar root dentine from 12 Taï chimpanzees to provide quantitative δ15N data on weaning in this population. Up to 2 years of age both sexes exhibited dentine δ15N values ≈2–3‰ higher than adult female Taï chimpanzees, consistent with a nursing signal. Thereafter a steady decrease in δ15N values consistent with the onset, and progression, of weaning, was visible. Sex differences were also evident, where male δ15N values decreased at a significantly slower rate compared to females. Confirmation of sex differences in maternal investment among Taï chimpanzees, demonstrates the viability of using isotope analysis to investigate weaning in non‐human primates. Additionally, assuming that behaviors observed in the Taï chimpanzees are illustrative of the ancestral pattern, our results provide a platform to enable the trajectory of weaning in human evolution to be further explored. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:635–642, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of diabetes mellitus on chronic rhinosinusitis and sinus surgery outcome
Authors: Zhang Zi , Adappa Nithin D. , Lautenbach Ebbing , Chiu Alexander G. , Doghramji Laurel , Howland Timothy J. , Cohen Noam A. , Palmer James N.
Published: January 2014

Background

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to be prone to infection. However, the association between diabetes and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has not been well studied. We sought to determine the effects of DM on CRS culture results and quality of life (QOL) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Adult CRS patients undergoing FESS were recruited from October 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. Patient demographics, comorbidities, medication use, and Lund‐Mackay CT scores were collected prior to FESS. Intraoperative culture was obtained. Preoperative and 1‐month, 3‐month, and 6‐month postoperative QOL was measured by scores on the 22‐item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22). A mixed effects model was performed for analysis.

Results

Among the 376 CRS patients included, 19 patients (5.05%) had DM. Compared to non‐DM patients, DM patients were significantly more likely to have Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.32% vs 7.56%; p = 0.004) and Gram‐negative rods (26.32% vs 8.96%; p = 0.013), but there was no significant difference in the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus; DM patients were also significantly more likely to have nasal polyps and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Additionally, DM patients had significantly less improvement of postoperative SNOT‐22 scores from baseline to 6‐month follow‐up than non‐DM patients (adjusted mean = 11.14, 95% CI (0.14, 22.15), p = 0.047) after adjusting for all the other risk factors for CRS.

Conclusion

DM patients may be prone to Gram‐negative bacterial sinus infections, and have significantly worse short‐term postoperative QOL. Special postoperative care may need to be considered in CRS patients with DM.
Cingi Steps for preoperative computer‐assisted image editing before reduction rhinoplasty
Authors: Cingi Can Cemal , Cingi Cemal , Bayar Muluk Nuray
Published: January 2014

Background

The aim of this work is to provide a stepwise systematic guide for a preoperative photo‐editing procedure for rhinoplasty cases involving the cooperation of a graphic artist and a surgeon.

Methods

One hundred female subjects who planned to undergo a reduction rhinoplasty operation were included in this study. The Cingi Steps for Preoperative Computer Imaging (CS‐PCI) program, a stepwise systematic guide for image editing using Adobe PhotoShop's “liquify” effect, was applied to the rhinoplasty candidates. The stages of CS‐PCI are as follows: (1) lowering the hump; (2) shortening the nose; (3) adjusting the tip projection, (4) perfecting the nasal dorsum, (5) creating a supratip break, and (6) exaggerating the tip projection and/or dorsal slope.

Results

Performing the Cingi Steps allows the patient to see what will happen during the operation and observe the final appearance of his or her nose. After the application of described steps, 71 patients (71%) accepted step 4, and 21 (21%) of them accepted step 5. Only 10 patients (10%) wanted to make additional changes to their operation plans.

Conclusion

The main benefits of using this method is that it decreases the time needed by the surgeon to perform a graphic analysis, and it reduces the time required for the patient to reach a decision about the procedure. It is an easy and reliable method that will provide improved physician‐patient communication, increased patient confidence, and enhanced surgical planning while limiting the time needed for planning.
Genetic variations in taste receptors are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis: a replication study
Authors: Mfuna Endam Leandra , Filali‐Mouhim Abdelali , Boisvert Pierre , Boulet Louis‐Philippe , Bossé Yohan , Desrosiers Martin
Published: January 2014

Background

Recent evidence implicates polymorphisms of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 as defining characteristics in respiratory innate defense that may contribute to the complex genetic and environmental interactions predisposing to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The purpose of this study was to (1) verify whether identified polymorphisms associated with respiratory infection in taste receptors replicate within our existing population of patients with CRS and (2) identify other taste receptors potentially associated with CRS.

Methods

Pooling‐based genomewide association studies (pGWAS) were previously performed on 2 populations of Canadian CRS patients (genetics of chronic rhinosinusitis 1, refractory CRS [GCRS1]; and genetics of chronic rhinosinusitis 2, CRS with nasal polyposis [GCRS2]) using the Illumina HumanHap 1‐M chip. The pGWAS data were screened for polymorphisms in taste receptor genes. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were considered replicated when the allele frequency differences were ≥10% in cases compared to controls.

Results

The previously identified TAS2R38 coding SNP rs10246939 (I296V) was associated with CRS in both populations. The difference in allele frequency in cases compared to control subjects was 11% in GCRS1 and 15% in GCRS2. In addition, 3 previously undescribed missense variants were associated with CRS in our populations: 1 in the TAS2R13 gene (rs1015443), and the others in the TAS2R49 gene (rs12226920, rs12226919).

Conclusion

This study replicates previous work which showed that the coding SNP rs10246939 in the TAS2R38 gene is associated with CRS. Moreover, the results suggest that other taste receptors may be implicated in CRS. Further studies using individual genotyping and sequencing, and functional studies will provide more information about the implication of these genetic variants in CRS.