bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educating Students With Learning Difficulties in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Poch Apryl L. , Alzahrani Duaa , Aljuwayhir Jawaher , Alnahari Maram
Published: May 2022

Identification of and services for students with learning disabilities share both similarities and differences across cultures, including the term(s) used to label and subsequently provide services for these students. In Arabic, the term learning disabilities translates to “learning difficulties.” This column provides a brief overview of the current educational system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, including the identification and services available for students with learning difficulties, and concludes with future directions. Much opportunity remains for supporting the needs of students with learning difficulties in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ambiguous Signals and Information Asymmetry in the Initial Public Offering Process: Examining Ownership Concentration, Process Time, and Underpricing
Authors: Payne G. Tyge , Trudell Lori Tribble , Moore Curt B. , Petrenko Oleg V. , Hayes Nathan T.
Published: May 2022

Initial public offerings (IPOs) represent an important stage of development for many firms as they try to gain access to the resources needed for growth and development. Due to the information asymmetry that accompanies the process, there is extensive research examining what factors might signal quality to potential investors such that the IPO might be more optimally valuated and priced. Herein, we hypothesize and empirically explore how a mixed or ambiguous signal about a firm—the signal of ownership concentration in this case—might be overcome with more opportunities for information disclosure and, thus, lessen underpricing; IPO stocks tend to be underpriced (i.e., the offer price of a stock is lower than the inherent market value), which means that owner’s “leave money on the table.” Using a generalized structural equation model of data on 601 U.S. IPO firms, we find support for our model by demonstrating that longer IPO process times (i.e., days from the IPO firm’s filing date to the actual issue date)—representing opportunities to disclose and disseminate information—act as a mediator between ownership concentration and underpricing. Further, we show that the age of the firm also influences this process model arguing that more historical data and other information is more readily available to the potential investor with increased firm age. Overall, our study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how more disclosure and dissemination of relevant information might reduce asymmetries associated with more ambiguous or difficult-to-interpret signals and improve outcomes.
“Affluent and Tender Online”: Instagramming Celebrity, Masculinity, and Fatherhood in Contemporary Greece
Authors: Zestanakis Panagiotis
Published: May 2022

This article explores the online construction of masculinity and fatherhood in contemporary Greece. Through a digital observation of five celebrities’ Instagram activities that identified with the image of family man and affectionate father, the article argues that self-representations of affluent and involved masculinity and fatherhood represent a popular media trend. The article analyzes such self-representations as the outcome of historical transformations in gender and family politics, economy, and media that go back to the 1980s, the 1990s and the 2000s. It also argues that the acceptance of such imagery by wide audiences demonstrates the persistence of the male archetype of breadwinner, the value of the family, and the nostalgic survival of elements of earlier prosperous consumer aesthetics throughout the Greek economic crisis of the 2010s.
Multi-body modelling and ride comfort analysis of a seated occupant under whole-body vibration
Authors: Guruguntla Veeresalingam , Lal Mohit
Published: May 2022

Seated occupants of any on/off-road vehicle are continuously exposed to undue low-frequency mechanical whole-body vibration ( WBV) owing to the vibration conveyed from seat and backrest because occupants need to compromise with comfort and safety, leading to several musculoskeletal disorders and injuries in the body. Pain in the lumbar region is one of the most common problems that develop because of force transmitted from the backrest. Thus, consideration of backrest is highly essential while developing a biomechanical model for ride comfort analysis. For this purpose, a 20 degrees-of-freedom ( dofs) biomechanical model has been proposed with a backrest to analyse cross-coupled segmental transmissibility. The interconnection between different segments of mass and backrest are modelled using eight linearized (direct as well as cross-coupled) stiffness and damping parameters. Biomechanical model parameters are estimated and optimized through a multi-objective firefly algorithm by minimizing the sum of squares error difference between analytical results and experimental segmental transmissibility published in the literature. Subsequently, ride comfort analysis is performed by integrating the proposed model with 7- dofs passenger car model. For different body segments, simulated results are obtained in terms of vertical accelerations and compared with ride comfort standards as per ISO 2631-1:1997. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis (±20% variation in mass, stiffness and damping) is performed to enhance the ride comfort of the occupant. The findings suggest that designers must focus on the pelvis, lower and upper back regions to improve the ride comfort of the occupants. The concepts and ideas outlined in this article are directly applicable in making human dummies, car suspension and seat design in the industry.
Statutory Threshold Wording is Associated with Child Maltreatment Reporting
Authors: Piersiak Hannah A. , Levi Benjamin H. , Humphreys Kathryn L.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine whether statutory wording of child maltreatment mandated reporting legislation was associated with reporting patterns and substantiation of abuse across U.S. states and territories. Annual state averages for total referrals, referrals screened-out, referrals screened-in, referrals substantiated, and child population (all children in the U.S.; annual average = 74,457,928) were obtained from the 2010-2017 Child Maltreatment Reports. Odds ratios were calculated for: (1) two major statutory language frameworks ( suspicion versus belief), (2) seven sub-categories (e.g., suspect, reasonably believe, etc.), and (3) universal mandated reporting (yes versus no). Use of suspicion (versus belief) was associated with higher rates of referrals made (OR = 1.13) and screened-in (OR = 1.13), but lower substantiation rates (OR = .92). States using universal mandated reporting (versus those who did not) had slightly lower rates of referrals (OR = .99), but higher rates of referrals screened-in (OR = 1.16) and substantiated (OR = 1.06). Differences in statutory wording are associated with variability in reports, suggesting the possibility that statutory wording is one factor involved with these differences. However, future research is needed to explore alternative contributing factors and/or explanations.
Tafasitamab and lenalidomide for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient on chronic intermittent hemodialysis
Authors: Moore Donald C , Eagers Keren A , Janes Amanda , Pineda-Roman Mauricio
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Tafasitamab is an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody indicated for the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to be given in combination with lenalidomide. Experiences with tafasitamab in the setting of hemodialysis are limited and the efficacy and safety of this agent in this setting are unknown.

Case Report

We describe a patient with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease who successfully received tafasitamab/lenalidomide.

Management and Outcome

Tafasitamab and reduced dose lenalidomide were initiated for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Tafasitamab was administered on non-dialysis days. Follow-up imaging for disease response assessment demonstrated a complete response. Therapy was well tolerated; the only major toxicity experienced was grade 4 neutropenia that resolved with dose adjustment to lenalidomide. Over a year from initiating therapy, the patient remains in a complete response.

Discussion/Conclusion

The combination of tafasitamab and dose-reduced lenalidomide produced a complete response in the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the setting of chronic intermittent hemodialysis.
Screen Time and ADHD Behaviors in Chinese Children: Findings From Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Data
Authors: Tan Tony Xing , Zhou Yi
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Research suggests that screen exposure presents a risk for ADHD behaviors in young children. However, the operationalization of screen exposure remains murky and longitudinal data is scarce. In this paper, we examined the relations between better operationalized daily screen time and behaviors of inattention and behaviors of hyperactivity/impulsivity in three cohorts of community samples of young Chinese children.

Method:

Study 1 was longitudinal and included 111 children who were 3.6 years old (Range = 2.4–4.9; SD = 0.4) at Baseline and 4.8 years old (Range = 3.9–6.0; SD = 0.4) at Follow-Up. Study 2 was cross-sectional and included 172 children aged 4.9 years (Range = 3.0–7.1; SD = 1.0). Study 3 was also cross-sectional and included 313 children who were 6.9 years old (Range = 5.7–8.3; SD = 0.4). In each study, the parents reported how much time that their children spent daily on iPad/tablet, smart phone, and online games and watching TV in the previous week, and their children’s behaviors of inattention (I/A) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I).

Results:

Regression analysis revealed that in Study 1, controlling for child demographics, mother’s education, family SES, and corresponding I/A or H/I scores at Baseline, screen time at Baseline predicted I/A scores ( β = .27, p < .01) and H/I scores ( β = .32, p < .001) at Follow-Up. Similarly, controlling for covariates, screen time predicted I/A scores ( β = .25, p < .01) and H/I scores ( β = .25, p < .01) in Study 2; I/A scores ( β = 0.16, p < .01) and H/I scores ( β = .15, p < .05) in Study 3.

Conclusion:

Screen exposure was a risk for inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity behaviors in urban Chinese children.
Performance analysis of relaxation Runge–Kutta methods
Authors: Rogowski Marcin , Dalcin Lisandro , Parsani Matteo , Keyes David E
Published: May 2022

Recently, global and local relaxation Runge–Kutta methods have been developed for guaranteeing the conservation, dissipation, or other solution properties for general convex functionals whose dynamics are crucial for an ordinary differential equation solution. These novel time integration procedures have an application in a wide range of problems that require dynamics-consistent and stable numerical methods. The application of a relaxation scheme involves solving scalar nonlinear algebraic equations to find the relaxation parameter. Even though root-finding may seem to be a problem technically straightforward and computationally insignificant, we address the problem at scale as we solve full-scale industrial problems on a CPU-powered supercomputer and show its cost to be considerable. In particular, we apply the relaxation schemes in the context of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations and use them to enforce the correct entropy evolution. We use seven different algorithms to solve for the global and local relaxation parameters and analyze their strong scalability. As a result of this analysis, within the global relaxation scheme, we recommend using Brent’s method for problems with a low polynomial degree and of small sizes for the global relaxation scheme, while secant proves to be the best choice for higher polynomial degree solutions and large problem sizes. For the local relaxation scheme, we recommend secant. Further, we compare the schemes’ performance using their most efficient implementations, where we look at their effect on the timestep size, overhead, and weak scalability. We show the global relaxation scheme to be always more expensive than the local approach—typically 1.1–1.5 times the cost. At the same time, we highlight scenarios where the global relaxation scheme might underperform due to its increased communication requirements. Finally, we present an analysis that sets expectations on the computational overhead anticipated based on the system properties.
The Language of Brands in Social Media: Using Topic Modeling on Social Media Conversations to Drive Brand Strategy
Authors: Swaminathan Vanitha , Schwartz H. Andrew , Menezes Rowan , Hill Shawndra
Published: May 2022

This article highlights how social media data and language analysis can help managers understand brand positioning and brand competitive spaces to enable them to make various strategic and tactical decisions about brands. The authors use the output of topic models at the brand level to evaluate similarities between brands and to identify potential cobrand partners. In addition to using average topic probabilities to assess brands’ relationships to each other, they incorporate a differential language analysis framework, which implements scientific inference with multi-test-corrected hypothesis testing, to evaluate positive and negative topic correlates of brand names. The authors highlight the various applications of these approaches in decision making for brand management, including the assessment of brand positioning and future cobranding partnerships, design of marketing communication, identification of new product introductions, and identification of potential negative brand associations that can pose a threat to a brand's image. Moreover, they introduce a new metric, “temporal topic variability,” that can serve as an early warning of future changes in consumer preference. The authors evaluate social media analytic contributions against offline survey data. They demonstrate their approach with a sample of 193 brands, representing a broad set of categories, and discuss its implications.
Owned Social Media Advertising: Cannibalization and Competition
Authors: Zheng Hualu , Huang Lu
Published: May 2022

Businesses often rely on owned social media (brand pages on networking sites) to advertise their brands, and multibrand companies frequently manage individual brand pages, rather than representing all company brands together on one firm page. Because advertising results in cross-brand effects, companies need to understand how such effects manifest across their pages. This study investigates the cross effects of owned social media advertising by distinguishing between intra- and interbrand portfolio scenarios. It also compares the effects between television advertising and owned social media advertising. With a focus on the U.S. soft drink market, this study reveals that brand page advertising results in cannibalization within company portfolios, whereas positive spillover results from television advertising. The cross effects migrate to brands outside the portfolios, thereby intensifying competition. Accounting for the combined effects of cannibalization and competition reveals that owned social media increase portfolio demand more effectively than television advertising overall, which implies some key managerial recommendations for developing brand page strategies.
A Case of Budd-Chiari Syndrome Associated With Antiphospholipid Syndrome Treated Successfully by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
Authors: Torun Ege Sinan , Erciyestepe Mert , Yalçınkaya Yasemin , Gül Ahmet , İnanç Murat , Öcal Lale , Kaymakoğlu Sabahattin , Peynircioğlu Bora , Artım-Esen Bahar
Published: May 2022

Budd Chiari syndrome (BCS) is defined as obstruction of hepatic venous outflow that can be located anywhere from small hepatic venules up to the entrance of inferior vena cava (IVC) into right atrium. Etiologies of BCS include myeloproliferative disorders, congenital, and acquired hypercoagulable states. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of treatment for all cases of BCS with a demonstrable hypercoagulable state. Interventional radiology procedures such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS) can be utilized to reduce portal hypertension and to improve complications related to portal hypertension. We present a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who first presented with fever, weight loss, malar rash, alopecia, livedo reticularis, symmetric polyarthritis, pancytopenia, and class IV lupus nephritis when she was 23 years old. After receiving an induction treatment of cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids, she received a maintenance treatment of azathioprine. She presented with ascites and abdominal pain when she was 36 and the abdominal imaging revealed reduced calibration of hepatic venules and intrahepatic segment of inferior vena cava. Lupus anticoagulant was positive and anti cardiolipin IgM and IgG were positive. Work up for hereditary hypercoagulable states was negative. Thus, the diagnosis was secondary antiphospholipid syndrome where BCS was the first clinical manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Patient was anticoagulated with warfarin and received diuretics for ascites. After the ascites became refractory to diuretics and the patient had multiple vertebral compression fractures due to volume overload secondary to ascites, she was successfully treated with TIPS. When control imaging was performed, 50% of stenosis was observed in the stent. Balloon dilation of the stent was performed. Interventional radiology techniques like TIPS can be used in BCS patients secondary to APS, in cases when medical treatment is insufficient to control complications of portal hypertension. In BCS patients secondary to APS, TIPS enables clinical improvement but due to the presence of endothelial dysfunction in APS patients, there is a risk of shunt dysfunction secondary to thrombosis or stenosis secondary to intimal hyperplasia. Therefore, strict anticoagulation and regular follow up of patients after TIPS is recommended. In cases with stent stenosis, reintervention may be necessary.
Evaluation of Patient Reported Satisfaction and Clinical Efficacy of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL Versus 100 U/mL in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Using Flash Glucose Monitoring System
Authors: Al Hayek Ayman Abdullah , Alwin Robert Asirvatham , Al Saeed Abdulghani H , Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz
Published: May 2022

Background and Aims:

To analyze patient-reported satisfaction and clinical effectiveness of concentrated insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using a flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system.

Methods:

This comparative study was conducted among 86 patients with T1D (aged 14-40 years), who were treated with Glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) and switched to Gla-300 at day 1 (baseline). The following data were collected from each patient: demographic information, clinical parameters, and glycemic control markers. All patients completed the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (Arabic version), first at baseline and then after 12 weeks. A comparison was done for all the data recorded at baseline (on Gla-100) and after 12 weeks (on Gla-300) and subjected to analysis.

Results:

Compared to patients treated with Gla-100, significant improvements were observed in the Gla-300 group, in terms of the ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) markers, such as percentage of time spent within the target range of the glucose levels (70-180 mg/dL) ( P = .037), percentage which fell below the target (<70 mg/dL) ( P = .027), and percentage of time spent (<54 mg/dL) ( P = .043). Compared to Gla-100, patients treated with Gla-300 experienced significant improvements in the current treatment satisfactions ( P = .047), convenient finding treatment recently ( P = .034), and flexible finding treatment recently ( P = .041), recommend the current treatment ( P = .042) and satisfied to continue the current treatment ( P = .035).

Conclusion:

Compared to the patients on Gla-100, patients treated with Gla-300 exhibited significant improvements in the AGP markers and degree of treatment satisfaction.
Global pandemic uncertainty, pandemic discussion and visitor behaviour: A comparative tourism demand estimation for the US
Authors: Kocak Emrah , Okumus Fevzi , Altin Mehmet
Published: May 2022

Tourism is one of the most vulnerable sectors to pandemics. The number of cases and deaths caused by the pandemic directly affects travel decisions. Answering how the public perception of the pandemics affects visitor behaviour can provide important implications for the new normal in tourism. In this context, this paper investigates the impact of global pandemic uncertainty and pandemic discussion on visitor arrivals to the United States from the top 25 origin countries over the period 1999–2020. Non-quantile and quantile panel estimators are employed for heterogeneity and short–long run findings. Accordingly, in the short run, global pandemic uncertainty negatively affects visitor behaviour. However, the pandemic discussion does not have a significant effect. In the long run, pandemic uncertainty and pandemic discussion negatively affect tourist arrivals in all quantiles.
On care infrastructures and health practices: How people in health promotion programmes try to change their everyday life
Authors: Miele Francesco
Published: May 2022

This paper contributes to challenging common behavioural or cognitive explanations for health and wellbeing outcomes, focussing on social practices through which people, with the help of other subjects, try to improve their health conditions. To renew the debate about health promotion, my work is placed at the intersection between the sociology of health and illness and science and technology studies, adopting the concepts of care infrastructures and health practices that are introduced in the next section. With this goal, my paper draws on a qualitative study concerning a Workplace Health Promotion programme aimed at reducing the risks of Type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases among sedentary workers. The findings illustrate how a care infrastructure in the field of health promotion is designed, put to work, repaired and ‘put aside’ in relation to two health practices (‘doing physical activity’ and ‘following the Mediterranean diet’). Drawing on the presented case, I show how the change in daily habits in the fields of nutrition and physical activity is a collective effort involving different spheres of life, connecting human and non-human elements and bringing out affective intensities among them.
Parental socio-economic position and the risk of type 1 diabetes in children and young adults in Denmark: A nation-wide register-based study
Authors: Prætorius Katrine , Urhoj Stine Kjaer , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo
Published: May 2022

Aim:

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is one of the most common serious chronic diseases in childhood and the incidence is increasing. Insight into risk factors may inform our etiologic understanding of the disease and subsequent prevention. Any socio-economic gradient in disease risk indicates a potential for prevention, since this points towards socially patterned environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between measures of parental socio-economic position and the onset of type 1 diabetes in offspring based on individual data in the entire Danish population.

Methods:

In a study population of all children born in Denmark between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 2010, we examined the association between parental socio-economic position and the risk of type 1 diabetes up to the age of 25 years. The risk of type 1 diabetes was estimated according to maternal education, paternal education and household income using Cox proportional hazards regression, with adjustments for the a priori selected confounding variables: year of birth, maternal age at birth and parental type 1 diabetes.

Results:

In the study population of 1,433,584 children, a total of 4610 developed type 1 diabetes. We found no clear pattern in type 1 diabetes risk according to parental educational attainment or parental household income.

Conclusions:

In this large population covering study of the risk of type 1 diabetes according to individual-level parental socio-economic position, we found no strong indication of a socially patterned disease risk.
Alienation: A useful concept for health inequality research
Authors: Øversveen Emil , Kelly Conor A.
Published: May 2022

Aims:

While Marxist class analysis has strongly influenced the development of health inequality research, other aspects of Marx’s theory have received less attention. Among the most relevant of Marx’s theoretical contributions for social inequalities in health is the theory of alienation. As empirical applications of the theory of alienation are currently scarce, the purpose of this commentary is to invigorate interest in alienation theory within the field of health inequality research by demonstrating its potential to illuminate the relationship between social inequality, psycho-social affects and health outcomes.

Results:

Alienation theory describes how the class structure of capitalist societies creates experiences of powerlessness, estrangement and isolation. These experiences are further posited as emerging from the exploitation of labour, thus connecting social inequality to psychological wellbeing. Alienation theory is particularly compatible with psycho-social explanations of health inequalities, which similarly posits that social inequality affects health through psychological mechanisms. We argue that alienation theory contributes in three ways to health inequality research: a) by suggesting potential mechanisms and offering predictions that may be put to use in empirical research, b) by providing a potential explanation of the welfare state paradox, and c) by situating the psycho-social determinants of health within a critical analysis of the sources of social inequality in capitalist society.

Conclusions:

Alienation theory may provide a more textured understanding of the relationship between inequality and psycho-social health, while also foregrounding issues of class, power and exploitation that are often absent from psycho-social explanations.
Disinforming the unbiased: How online users experience and cope with dissonance after climate change disinformation exposure
Authors: Wolff Laura , Taddicken Monika
Published: May 2022

The emergence of disinformation challenges today’s democracies. Selective exposure research assumes that psychological biases cause people to turn to attitude-reinforcing disinformation, though studies indicate that this only holds true for small niches of online audiences. However, when online, unbiased users as well may encounter disinformation, which for them appear to be attitude-challenging. How unbiased online users experience and cope with dissonance triggered by this, and whether this affects their pre-existing attitudes, has hardly been explored. This research gap is addressed using the polarized topic of climate change as an example. An experimental research design is applied combining stimulus exposure, survey research, eye tracking, and interviews ( n = 50). The findings indicate that unbiased users are not entirely resistant to disinformation influence. However, attitude effects could not be fully explained by selection behavior but instead through different feelings and strategies of coping with dissonance and patterns of performing online information searches.
Impact behaviors of composite plates filled with chitosan/carbon nanotubes
Authors: Callioglu Hasan , Sayer Metin , Demir Ersin
Published: May 2022

In this study, the effects of chitosan (1%, 2%, and 3%), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%), and chitosan-carbon nanotube hybrid (1%, 2%, and 3% chitosan + 0.3% carbon nanotube) additions at different rates on the impact behaviors and the damage mechanisms of the E-glass/epoxy composite plates were investigated experimentally. The low-velocity drop impact testing was applied to the composite plates under different impact energies. The impact energy varied between 5 J and 30 J and it was possible to examine the impact response and the damage mechanism until the starting of the penetration of the composite plates. The experimental results revealed that the absorbed impact energies in chitosan and chitosan + carbon nanotube-filled composite plates were slightly higher than those in carbon nanotube-filled composite plates. The best energy absorption performances were obtained in chitosan + carbon nanotube hybrid filled composite plates when compared to all other composite plates and the neat composite plate. A certain amount of improvement in the impact strengths of the filled composite plates was observed when compared to neat composite plate. By increasing the impact energy, the fibers on the front surface were increasingly separated from the surface in an elliptical form, and the matrix cracking and the fiber breakages occurred throughout a line on the back surface.
Package cycle tourists′ relationship to time and pace
Authors: Matteucci Xavier , Tiller Tina R
Published: May 2022

For its slow mobility, cycle tourism has been linked to slow travel. Yet, few tourism scholars have studied the meaning of the pace at which cycle tourists move. This study seeks to shed some light on cycle tourists' relationship to time and pace. For that purpose, mobile ethnography through participant observation and interviews was employed to explore how western tourists experience a package cycling holiday in Vietnam. The cyclists' notion of subjective pace was found to be unconnected from actual velocity or form of travel. Some of the tourists sought speed and closely monitored time as ways to achieve their cycling performance goals. None of the cyclists expressed concerns with the high carbon footprint of their air travel to Vietnam. Furthermore, contrary to the slow travel literature, the cycle tourists did not prioritise social encounters. The findings of this study, therefore, question whether package cycle tourists can be considered to be slow travellers. We thus suggest that the experience of pace as controlled by the traveller her or himself is central to being a slow traveller.
Do strategy and content matter? Restaurant firms’ corporate social responsibility communication on Twitter: A social network theory perspective
Authors: Sung Kyong Sik , Tao Chen-Wei (Willie) , Slevitch Lisa
Published: May 2022

Social media allows restaurants practitioners to distribute corporate social responsibility (CSR)-related information to interested individuals. However, it is unclear which types of CSR activities or communication strategies are more effective in terms of influencing consumers’ behavioral and emotional responses, especially in the restaurant industry. To shorten this research gap, the current study collected 136 CSR-related posts alongside 3408 stakeholders’ replies from the U.S. green restaurants’ Twitter accounts. Content analysis, ANOVA, and sentiment analysis using R studio were conducted for data evaluation. It was found that CSR activities related to the local community and society were as important as the activities related to the environment. Moreover, the engagement CSR communication strategy had a stronger influence on customers’ behavioral responses, generating more positive sentiments than broadcasting or reactive strategies on Twitter. The research findings may help restaurant practitioners communicate CSR-related information more effectively on social media.
Dementia-friendliness – Inclusion or exclusion: A critical discourse analysis
Authors: Hansen Tania EA , Andresen Mette , Præstegaard Jeanette , Tjørnhøj-Thomsen Tine , Nørgaard Birgitte
Published: May 2022

This article explores how individuals with dementia and their relatives discursively construct dementia-friendliness in a situation where different definitions of this term exists. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted, including seven individual interviews with people living with dementia. The remaining six interviews consisted of three interviews with the relatives of a person with dementia and three with married couples of which one were diagnosed with dementia. Notes taken by the first author during 6 months of fieldwork at a day centre and a drop-in centre for people with dementia and their families were used to supplement the interviews. Critical discourse analysis provides an analytical tool for revealing the discourses constructing dementia-friendliness. The analysis revealed that people with dementia and their relatives draw on the three discourses of sameness, security and care and autonomy during their attempts to construct dementia-friendliness. The ensuing discursive battles over dementia-friendliness appear to constitute a tightrope walk between the inclusion and exclusion of people with dementia, which underscores the importance of including the voices of people living with dementia when dementia-friendly initiatives and communities are developed.
Spousal Caregiver Resilience in A Nutshell: A Directed Content Analysis in the Context of Dementia Caregiving in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Trang T
Published: May 2022

Objectives

This study aims to define resilience of spousal family caregivers for older adults living with dementia in the Vietnamese context.

Methods

A directed content analysis was conducted on 22 interview transcripts, including nine follow-up interviews, of a sub-sample of 13 spousal caregivers, drawn from a larger study with family caregivers for relatives with dementia in a hospital in Vietnam. The study started with key categories from the theory of the unifying model of resilience in dementia caregiving to guide the analysis process, while new codes and categories were identified during this process.

Findings

The study results show a revision and extension of this model by introducing a revised model with newly developed sub-categories under the five revised key categories of adversity, resilience processes, outcomes, internal resources, and external resources.

Conclusions

The results provide evidence for the development of resilience-based interventions and services for spousal caregivers in their contexts.
Picturing these days of love and rage: Extinction Rebellion’s ‘Impossible Rebellion’
Authors: Johnston Caleb , Holland Bonnett Aphra
Published: May 2022

This essay combines text and photographs to animate and engage the 2021 Extinction Rebellion protests in London. The work draws attention to the Rebellion’s creative interventions in public space and identifies and explores five modes of geographical street activism. We offer this encounter and visual report in the hope that it might inspire geographers to imagine and launch their own ‘impossible rebellion’ in the wake of environmental emergency.
Bridge inspection component registration for damage evolution
Authors: Bianchi Eric L , Sakib Nazmus , Woolsey Craig , Hebdon Matthew
Published: May 2022

There have been great advances in bridge inspection damage detection involving the use of deep learning models. However, automated detection models currently fall short of giving an inspector an understanding of how the damage has progressed from one inspection to the next. The rate-of-change of the damage is a critical piece of information used by engineers to determine appropriate maintenance and rehabilitation actions to prevent structural failures. We propose a simple methodology for registering two bridge inspection videos or still images, collected at different stages of deterioration, so that trained model predictions may be directly measured and damage progression compared. The changes may be documented and presented to the inspector so that they may quickly evaluate key interest regions in the inspection video or image. Three approaches referred to as rigid, deformable, and hybrid image registration methods were experimentally tested and evaluated based on their ability to preserve the geometric characteristics of the referenced image. It was found in all experiments that the rigid, homography-based transformations performed the best for this application over a state-of-the-art deformable registration method, RANSAC-Flow.
First-Run Syndication and Unwired Networks in the 1980s: Viacom’s Superboy and Buena Vista TV’s DuckTales
Authors: Clarke M. J.
Published: May 2022

This article historically examines the boom in US first-run syndication during the 1980s. At this time, Hollywood-based major distributors eagerly entered this market, thanks to regulatory and industrial changes, in an effort to create competing unwired television networks. The article presents a contextual history to describe these changes and uses two sustained case studies—Viacom’s Superboy and Buena Vista TV’s DuckTales—to more closely examine these syndicators. Through these case studies, the article demonstrates the shared industrial strategies of these distributors in exploiting pre-sold brands, globalized labor, and package deals for programing.
A Study of a Culturally and Contextually Situated Multimedia Approach to Recruit a Hard-to-Reach Spanish-Speaking Population for a Randomized Control Trial (RCT)
Authors: Rodriguez Larimar , Murray-Krezan Cristina , Regino Lidia , Tellez Maria , Vasquez Camille , Sandoval Virginia , Perez Rodriguez Daniel , Pedigo Blanca , Page-Reeves Janet
Published: May 2022

Study designs involving randomization can be difficult to communicate to participants, especially those with low literacy. The literature on strategies to explain research concepts is limited, especially for non-English speakers. We measured the effectiveness of a culturally and contextually situated multimedia approach to recruit a cohort of 60 female Mexican immigrants (FMI) to a randomized control trial (RCT) to reduce social isolation and depression. This strategy was designed to explain the concept of randomization, explain what participating in the research study entailed, and ensure informed consent. Potential participants viewed a presentation explaining the study and a video including animation with voice-over explaining the concept of randomization. We administered a pre/post survey. Respondents ( N = 59) reported an increase in their understanding of randomization, intention to enroll, and attitude towards participating in research. We conclude that a culturally and contextually situated multimedia approach is an effective model when recruiting underrepresented populations with low literacy for RCTs.
Vasectomy Knowledge and Interest Among U.S. Men Who Do Not Intend to Have More Children
Authors: White Kari , Martínez Órdenes Macarena , Turok David K. , Gipson Jessica D. , Borrero Sonya
Published: May 2022

Vasectomy is used less often than female sterilization, and many men who do not want more children may lack accurate information about vasectomy. Between May and June 2018, we used a nationally representative online panel to survey U.S. men between 25 and 55 years of age who did not want more children about their vasectomy knowledge. We also asked about interest in undergoing the procedure if it were free or low cost and explored whether a paragraph addressing common misperceptions was associated with interest. We assessed characteristics associated with high vasectomy knowledge (≥3 accurate responses to four questions about vasectomy’s effect on sexual functioning and method efficacy) and vasectomy interest, using chi-square tests and multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression. Of 620 men surveyed, 564 had complete data on the outcomes and covariates of interest. Overall, 51% of respondents demonstrated high vasectomy knowledge. Men who knew someone who had a vasectomy were more likely to have high knowledge (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.50; 95% CI [1.22, 1.85]). One-third of the sample (35%) said they would consider getting a vasectomy. Men with high (vs. moderate/low) knowledge were more likely (PR: 1.36; 95% CI [1.04, 1.77]) to consider getting a vasectomy. Race/ethnicity, income level, and receiving the informational paragraph were not associated with vasectomy interest. Greater vasectomy knowledge affects men’s interest in the procedure. Given that many U.S. men lack accurate knowledge, efforts are needed to address misinformation and increase awareness about vasectomy to ensure men have the information they need to meet or contribute to reproductive goals.
Sport: A Holistic Approach to Lifestyle Medicine
Authors: Walsh David W. , Ferrara Morgan , Arlinghaus Katherine R. , Johnston Craig A.
Published: May 2022

Sport represents a holistic health tool that unifies multiple pillars of lifestyle medicine. Sport can mitigate both the ongoing health disparities in communities that were present before COVID-19 and those exacerbated after COVID-19. The significance of this recommendation is highlighted by the impact sport participation has on creating healthy relationships, managing stress, and delivering physical activity among diverse populations. Importantly, sport can offer meaning and value to its participants, particularly when COVID-19 has limited people’s ability for purposeful activity and social interaction. Clinicians are urged to consider the broad utility of sport for the prevention and treatment of unhealthy behaviors.
Study on exit damage characteristics of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of CFRP
Authors: Feng Zhibin , Jiao Feng
Published: May 2022

In order to solve the disadvantage of tearing and burr damage in axial drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), the stiffness at the exit is increased by applying different drilling speed in ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling (UVAD) Firstly, compared with conventional drilling (CD), ultrasonic assisted vibration drilling can realize the separation of axial tool and tool/chip; Secondly, the cutting speed characteristics of ultrasonic assisted drilling at different speeds are analyzed, and the change of cutting speed characteristics of ultrasonic assisted drilling at low speed is obvious; Finally, the change trend of contact rate at different speeds is analyzed. The experimental results show that the stiffness of ultrasonic assisted vibration drilling is significant. Taking the speed of n = 100 r/min as an example, the stiffness of ultrasonic assisted drilling is about twice as high as that of rotary speed n = 2400 r/min, which is about 8% higher than that of ordinary drilling when n = 100 r/min; Hole exit quality of low-speed drilling: compared with CD, the tearing factor of ultrasonic assisted vibration drilling is lower. Therefore, this method provides a way to improve the hole quality of CFRP.
Evaluation of three nutritional indices as predictors of 2-year mortality and major amputation in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia
Authors: Morisaki Koichi , Matsubara Yutaka , Kurose Shun , Yoshino Shinichiro , Furuyama Tadashi
Published: May 2022

Objective

The present study aimed to examine which nutritional index, such as the controlling nutritional status (CONUT), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), is better for predicting prognosis in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) following revascularization.

Method

We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent revascularization for CLTI between 2008 and 2020. The endpoints were 2-year overall survival and limb salvage. The optimal cutoff values of 2-year overall survival and major amputation were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.

Result

A total of 238 patients with CLTI and 289 limbs were analyzed. The 2-year overall survival rates were 48.9%, 54.6%, and 53.5% in patients with CONUT score ≥4, PNI score <42.6, and GNRI <98.4 compared with 80.0%, 80.0%, and 78.4% in patients with CONUT score <4, PNI score ≥42.6, and GNRI ≥98.4 ( p < 0.01). Age, non-ambulatory status, hemodialysis, and nutritional indices were independent risk factors for 2-year mortality in the multivariate analyses. The 2-year limb salvage rates were 70.1%, 82.2%, and 81.9% in patients with CONUT score ≥7, PNI score <41.9, and GNRI <95.3 compared with 92.8%, 98.3%, and 94.2% in patients with CONUT score <7, PNI score ≥41.9, and GNRI ≥95.3 ( p < 0.01). Wound, ischemia, and foot infection stage and each nutritional index (CONUT and PNI) were independent risk factors for major amputation in multivariate analyses. The overall survival and limb salvage rates of patients with malnutrition diagnosed by CONUT score were poor compared with those of normal nutrition or malnutrition diagnosed by PNI and/or GNRI scores.

Conclusion

The CONUT, PNI, and GNRI scores can predict the 2-year overall survival in patients with CLTI after revascularization. The CONUT and PNI scores were associated with major amputation.
Extrahepatic portosystemic shunts as an unusual but treatable cause of hyperammonemic encephalopathy in a noncirrhotic patient – a case report
Authors: Kühne Escolà Jordi , Theysohn Jens M. , Li Yan , Forsting Michael , Capetian Philipp , Volkmann Jens , Lange Christian , Quesada Carlos M. , Köhrmann Martin , Frank Benedikt , Kleinschnitz Christoph
Published: May 2022

We report a case of hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in a noncirrhotic patient. A 79-year-old woman suffered from episodic confusion, disorientation, dysphasia and fluctuating level of consciousness. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed encephalopathic changes and serum levels of ammonia were elevated. Further investigation revealed mesenterorenal and mesenterocaval shunts, which had possibly evolved after pancreatic surgery 5 years ago. After shunt obliteration, the symptoms completely resolved, ammonia levels dropped to the normal range and EEG findings normalized. Clinicians should be aware of this rare but treatable cause of encephalopathy in noncirrhotic patients.
Real-world efficacy and safety of cabozantinib in Korean patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Bang Yeong Hak , Lee Choong-kun , Yoo Changhoon , Chon Hong Jae , Hong Moonki , Kang Beodeul , Kim Hyung-Don , Park Sook Ryun , Choi Won-Mook , Choi Jonggi , Lee Danbi , Shim Ju Hyun , Kim Kang Mo , Lim Young-Suk , Lee Han Chu , Ryu Min-Hee , Ryoo Baek-Yeol
Published: May 2022

Background:

Cabozantinib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, was recently approved for patients with previously treated unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). We investigated the real-world safety and efficacy profiles of cabozantinib.

Methods:

This multicenter retrospective study included 110 patients with uHCC who received cabozantinib after progression on other systemic treatments between October 2019 and May 2021.

Results:

The median age was 58 (range, 20–77) years, and 98 (89.1%) were male. Prior to cabozantinib, all patients were treated with other systemic therapies: sorafenib ( n = 104, 94.5%) and regorafenib ( n = 91, 82.7%) were the most commonly used agents. Immune checkpoint inhibitors were previously used in 93 patients (84.5%). Cabozantinib was used beyond the third-line of therapy in most patients ( n = 90, 81.8%). With a median follow-up duration of 11.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.8–17.2], the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.7 months (95% CI, 3.1–4.9), and the median overall survival (OS) was 7.5 months (95% CI, 5.5–9.5). The disease control rate and overall response rate (ORR) were 66.3% and 3.6%, respectively. In the Child–Pugh A cohort ( n = 88), the ORR was 4.5%, and the median PFS and OS were 4.3 months (95% CI, 3.6–5.8) and 9.0 months (95% CI, 7.5–11.7), respectively.

Conclusion:

Cabozantinib showed consistent efficacy outcomes with a prior phase III trial, although in this study, it was used as later-line therapy for patients who were refractory to multiple systemic treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors.