bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moved by Pity: Communities of Affect in the Infortunios de Alonso Ramírez
Authors: Goldmark Matthew
Published: June 2022

This article demonstrates that Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora’s Infortunios de Alonso Ramírez (1690) engages the discourse of pity to create an imperial community. While the article builds on recent scholarship that has emphasized the global context of Ramírez’s travels, it shows that geographical displacement is not the only type of movement in this text. Infortunios also demands that readers be moved on an affective level in order to prove their capacity to feel for an imperial peer. In this regard, it is not geopolitics alone, but also affective transits that determine the boundaries and binds of Spanish empire.
Biutiful Worldview: Alternatives to a Society Pervaded by Capitalist Values
Authors: Linville Rachel Ann
Published: June 2022

Iñárritu’s depiction of the human treatment of nature, as well as female and male bodies, is a clear and powerful denunciation of how predatory and exploitative values promoted by capitalism have come to pervade all aspects of human relationships in Western culture. Iñárritu goes beyond a critique of capitalism as an economic system and portrays the effects of these values on our quality of life. The film is not exclusively pessimistic but instead suggests that we are not condemned to an enslaving predatory chain. Through subtle artistic elements and the worldview shared by Ige and Bea, Biutiful proposes a spiritual interconnectedness that favors collaborative relationships not just among humans, but also with nature
Estranged Mother: José Martí, the Matrixial Father in Exile
Authors: Skillen Sarah
Published: June 2022

This article questions the paternal logic of José Martí’s nationalism, through the works Abdala (1869) and Ismaelillo (1882). Martí’s nineteenth-century writing announces the creation of a Cuban nation defined by many in terms of his literary production. However, there remains another Martí, a maternal Martí that escapes our intentions to define and concretize his Work. Beginning with Bracha Ettinger’s concept of the “matrixial,” I maintain that these texts disintegrate the borders between the national body, the individual, and the writer and that this paternal Martí gives way to a maternal relation.
Ciencias naturales, aislamiento y especulación en Cartas de Amambay y otros textos sobre el Paraguay de Lucio Mansilla
Authors: Rosas Buendia Miguel
Published: June 2022

Este artículo estudia Cartas de Amambay (1878) y otros textos de Lucio Mansilla sobre Paraguay, donde este realizó una fracasada exploración aurífera tras la Guerra de la Triple Alianza (1864-1870), a fin de dilucidar el encuentro entre literatura y ciencias naturales. Aunque alineado con la ideología de la Alianza, Mansilla elaboró una defensa de la autonomía literaria respecto a su capacidad de representación y conocimiento del espacio del viaje. Esta defensa posee un lado oscuro: su legitimación se sustentó en la invisibilización de la heterogeneidad local, proceso que puede leerse como análogo a la práctica de variadas ciencias naturales finiseculares que tendieron a suprimir saberes y agentes locales.
ELISA MARTÍN-VALDEPEÑAS, CATHERINE M. JAFFE. María Lorenza de los Ríos, Marquesa de Fuerte-Híjar: vida y obra de una escritora del Siglo de las Luces. Madrid: Iberoamericana /Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert, 2019. 485 pp.
Authors: Carvajal González Carolina
Published: June 2022

Reseña de María Lorenza de los Ríos, Marquesa de Fuerte-Híjar: vida y obra de una escritora del Siglo de las Luces de Elisa Martín-Valdepeñas y Catherine M. Jaffe.
ROCÍO RØDTJER. Women and Nationhood in Restoration Spain 1874-1931. The State as Family. Cambridge: Legenda, 2019. xiii + 174 pp.
Authors: Liso Susana
Published: June 2022

Reseña de Women and Nationhood in Restoration Spain 1874-1931. The State as Family de Rocío Rødtjer.
CARLOS VARÓN GONZÁLEZ. La retirada del poema. Literatura hispánica e imaginación política moderna. Madrid: Iberoamericana; Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert, 2020. 222 pp.
Authors: Ramírez Goretti
Published: June 2022

Reseña de La retirada del poema. Literatura hispánica e imaginación política moderna de Carlos Varón González.
MARGOT VERSTEEG. Propuestas para (re)construir una nación. El teatro de Emilia Pardo Bazán. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue UP, 2019. xi, 312pp.
Authors: Johnson Roberta
Published: June 2022

Reseña de Propuestas para (re)construir una nación. El teatro de Emilia Pardo Bazán de Margot Versteeg.
DUNCAN WHEELER. La puesta en escena del teatro áureo: Ayer, hoy y mañana. Traducción de Mar Diestro-Dópido. Kassel: Edition Reichenberger, 2020. 275 pp.
Authors: Rubiera Javier
Published: June 2022

Reseña de La puesta en escena del teatro áureo: Ayer, hoy y mañana de Duncan Wheeler (trad. Mar Diestro-Dópido).
Study of prophylactic single-dose antibiotic to prevent surgical site infection
Authors: Saravanan R. , Madhan S.
Published: June 2022

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) have been linked to longer hospital stays and higher costs. Infection occurs when endogenous flora is translocated to a generally sterile site. It's also feasible to seed the surgical site with illness from afar (especially in patients with prostheses or another implant). SSIs are influenced by bacterial inoculums and pathogenicity, host defenses, preoperative care, and intraoperative management. Antibiotic prophylaxis is therefore essential to address this problem. This study to evaluate the effectiveness of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infection in elective surgeries.Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients receiving elective surgery at a tertiary hospital's department of general surgery. Relevant information about each patient was obtained using a Performa developed for the project. Cefuroxime was given 30 minutes before the incision, and effect on post-operative wound infection was investigated.Results: We had 50 cases in our study, predominantly males, with maximum individuals in the 41-50 years age group. Cholecystectomy cases presented with the most SSIs (20%). S. aureus was the most common causative organism of SSI in this study.Conclusions: A single preoperative dose of antibiotic cefuroxime effectively prevents surgical site infection in elective cases assuming an uncomplicated procedure.
Evaluation of degree of complexity, treatment need and outcome in a cohort- A retrospective study
Authors: Jaiswal Ajit Kumar , Chaudhary Girish , Ryait Jasmeet Kaur , Kochhar Abhimanyu , Gupta Priya
Published: June 2022

A well-organized and efficient orthodontic service for any given population requires evaluation of therapeutic orthodontic needs, their difficulty and the outcomes after the treatment.The goal of this study is to determine the need for orthodontic therapy, the complexity of the malocclusion, and the degree of improvement once orthodontic treatment is completed.A randomly selected pre and post treatment study models of 50 patients who completed orthodontic treatment in the department of orthodontics in the year 2018-2020 were involved in this study.92% of samples had orthodontic treatment need. Out of total, the subjects belonged to easy, moderate and difficult categories were 22%, 30% and 48% respectively. After treatment, 54% were greatly improved, 24% were substantially improved, and 22% were moderately improved. According to ICON, a substantial number of participants had difficult treatment complexity, yet all of them had improved outcomes.
Orthodontic retention protocols—A survey among Indian practitioners
Authors: Bamal Renuka , Holla Anup K , Rai Divyaroop , Jaswal Akanksha , Yadav Lucky
Published: June 2022

The study was to identify the different types of retainers that are commonly used and to investigate the variations in retention practices among orthodontists in India.

A web-based survey study and was conducted in Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics. This survey was conducted for a period of 10 months and included orthodontists practicing in India.

The questionnaire comprised of 53 questions which were divided in seven parts containing multiple choice questions, tabular and free response questions. These seven parts gathered information about socio-demographic status of the respondent, selection of retention system, removable and fixed retainer choices, duration and supervision of retention period and instruction given to patients.

Dual retention, fixed retainers with vacuum formed retainers was the common type of retention in both arches with extraction largely influencing the choice of retainer. The bonded wire from canine to canine is the most frequent fixed retainer in non-extraction cases and from premolar to premolar is most frequent retainer in extraction cases. Frenectomy and supracrestal fibrotomy is used as adjuvant applications for retention. retentionfixed retainerforfor

A trend towards frequent use of vacuum formed retainer by young orthodontists compared to removable acrylic retainer is seen with dual retention being most commonly used.
Comparison of bond strength of different lingual retainer wires: An study
Authors: Johnson Jithin , Misra Vaibhav , Yadav Ashish , Attri Sonal , Yadav Deepanshi , Pillai Jishnu J
Published: June 2022

: Bonded retainers are extensively used after orthodontic treatment to maintain the achieved results. However, bond failure in the retainer system is a frequently observed problem, resulting in the loss of retainer function, leading to relapse.

: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the shear bond strength of different wire-composite combinations.

: 144 extracted human premolars in pairs were divided into 6 groups of 12 samples each. The orthodontic retainer wires used were Flat woven wire (Leone), Dead soft retention wire (Ortho Classic USA) and two stranded twisted Leone ligature wire (0.018”). The composite that was used was Transbond XT adhesive (3M Unitek) and Enlight Light Cure Adhesive (Ormco). Retainer wires were bonded on the lingual surfaces of the teeth. 72 samples were subjected to debonding with a chisel head in a universal testing machine INSTRON. Comparisons of the means of shear bond strength values were made with one way ANOVA & Tukey’s Post Hoc test.

: Maximum shear bond strength was observed in group IA (Leone flat woven wire with Transbond XT). There was a statistically significant difference in the shear bond strength of different retainer wires.

: Compared to other wire composite combinations, maximum shear bond strength was observed in Leone flat woven wire with Transbond XT composite. Therefore, it could be the wire-composite combination of choice for the bonded lingual retainer.
Cephalometric analysis of upper lip thickness as a critical aid in formulating a treatment plan in skeletal Class I malocclusion in adults
Authors: Khan Firoz A , Joneja Poorva , Choudhary Deepak
Published: June 2022

It is very crucial to understand that both soft tissue drape and the underlying skeletal malocclusion, are sometimes overlooked and this could be misleading for diagnosis and treatment planning .Therefore a sound knowledge of underlying malocclusion and CTP (cephalometric treatment planning) along with accurate clinical examination can aid in better diagnosis and treatment planning.

The objective of this study is to understand that soft tissue drape and underlying skeletal malocclusion in Angle’s class I malocclusion could be misleading in treatment planning and therefore to perform necessary cephalometric hard and soft tissue analysis.

Lateral cephalograms were obtained in NHP (Natural head position) position of size (20×25cm) FUJIFILM and lateral cephalograms were obtained on radiographic films. Evaluation of lateral cephalograms and the above mentioned parameters were traced and assessed by manual tracing of 150 lateral cephalogram was done using tracing papers with the help of tracing backlight box .Tracing was done with lead pencil point (0.3 mm HB). 150 patient of central Indian population with Angle’s class I malocclusion full permanent dentition between ages 18-45 years were included. Out of these 150 patients 75 males and 75 females patients are included in the study.

Upper lip anterior and lip angle shows moderate positive correlation with W angle. The key ridge shows a strong positive correlation with W angle. The upper lip thickness can be used as a treatment plan predictor in Angle’s class I malocclusion as it is strong correlated with W angle.

Soft tissue drape especially the upper lip thickness is an essential parameter along with identification of underlying skeletal malocclusion with cephalometric treatment planning measurement like W angle, for treatment planning of even a simple Angle’s class I malocclusion case.
Retention protocol following post-orthodontic treatment in cleft palate patients – A review
Authors: Jha Anamika , Basanagouda C. Patil
Published: June 2022

To evaluate and compare the available literature on efficiency of different retention appliances in maintaining the results achieved after orthodontic treatment in cleft palate patients.

On comparing the literature available on different retention appliances currently available, it was found that the cast metal retainers offered a more stable and rigid design to maintain the post treatment arch width and also provided the aesthetic replacement of the missing teeth in the cleft region by incorporating a pontic.

The cleft lip and palate patients should be informed and motivated for a long term or indefinite retention phase irrespective of the type of retention appliance used. Presently, very few studies are available comparing the effectiveness of different retention protocols in cleft lip and palate patients. Hence, there is need to conduct evidence based high quality longitudinal studies to compare the effectiveness of different retention appliances.
Andanças no morro: condições de acessibilidade urbana para o bairro Cristo Rei de Cajazeiras, Paraíba
Authors: Simão Tiere Oliveira , Jeronymo Caroline Muñoz Cevada
Published: June 2022

A caminhabilidade é um conceito que se refere às características do ambiente urbano que influenciam a mobilidade dos pedestres na zona urbana. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da caminhabilidade no bairro Cristo Rei, localizado em Cajazeiras, estado da Paraíba, utilizando o método iCam 2.0. Esse método permitiu uma análise espacial com base na perspectiva dos usuários, levando em consideração as condições necessárias para garantir níveis adequados de acessibilidade a todos os moradores. O bairro Cristo Rei, ocupado desde meados do século XX, não teve um planejamento adequado para os fluxos de pedestres, resultando em um conjunto de moradias que se estende por uma colina. Através dessa pesquisa, foi possível obter uma compreensão abrangente dos principais fatores que afetam a caminhabilidade dos pedestres na região e identificar os principais pontos que precisam ser melhorados para garantir níveis satisfatórios de acessibilidade e mobilidade. Com base nos resultados do diagnóstico, recomenda-se a implementação de medidas como a criação de calçadas adequadas, rampas de acesso, sinalização adequada e melhorias na iluminação pública. Essas ações visam proporcionar um ambiente urbano mais amigável para os pedestres, promovendo a inclusão social, a segurança e a qualidade de vida dos moradores do bairro Cristo Rei.
Caracterização e aplicação da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar em misturas de concreto seco
Authors: Feitosa Cristóvão José Diniz , Lima Victor Marcelo Estolano de , Silva John Kleber Fabrício da , Matias Artur Vínicius , Estolano Amanda Marques Lopes , Melo Neto Antonio Acacio de
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a influência da incorporação da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar na resistência à compressão de misturas secas de concreto, visando sua utilização em pavimentos intertravados. A caracterização física e química da cinza foi feita por meio de ensaios de massa específica e finura Blaine, fluorescência e difração de raios X, granulometria a laser e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Foram moldadas misturas secas de concreto, partindo de um traço de referência utilizado por uma fábrica de artefatos de concreto. As substituições variaram de 5% a 50% em massa, tanto no cimento como na areia. Os ensaios de resistência à compressão mostraram um aumento na resistência aos 7 dias, em substituições de até 20% no cimento. Aos 28 dias, entretanto, todas as misturas com cinza apresentaram resistência à compressão inferior ao traço de referência. Concluiu-se que o efeito físico causado pela alta finura da cinza pode ter melhorado o empacotamento no início, mas sua baixa pozolanicidade resultou num menor crescimento da resistência à compressão aos 28 dias. 
Proposta de metodologia baseada em BIM para elevação da segurança em aeroportos brasileiros: estudo de caso no Aeroporto de Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Guignone Guilherme Cunha , Gama João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da
Published: June 2022

Uma das maiores preocupações na Engenharia Aeroportuária é garantir que padrões de segurança estabelecidos sejam atendidos. Este artigo objetiva contribuir para a elevação de desempenho da segurança aeroportuária ao propor uma estrutura inicial de metodologia de segurança, baseada em BIM (Building Information Modeling), para aeroportos brasileiros, aplicável tanto na fase de construção como na de operação de empreendimentos. Como estudo de caso para a implementação da metodologia, adotaram-se os projetos de engenharia do recém-inaugurado Aeroporto de Vitória, Espírito Santo, onde ocorreu a execução de um complexo aeroportuário completo, computando mais de 365.000 m² de área construída. Escolheu-se esse aeroporto como caso de estudo por ele abranger, praticamente, todos os principais componentes aeroportuários e por ter tido projetos e construção recentes, alinhados com as atuais demandas e regulamentos de engenharia e de segurança aeroportuária. Em função da confiabilidade de identificação dos projetos de engenharia, de sua atualização tecnológica e por contemplar a maioria dos sistemas aeroportuários, este aeroporto se apresenta como um relevante caso de estudo. Propõe-se que a metodologia seja aplicada em aeroportos brasileiros visando elevar a comunicação entre os stakeholders do projeto e a confiabilidade das informações obtidas e compartilhadas, diminuir o tempo-resposta para resolução de inconsistências e orientar com relação a possíveis soluções tecnológicas que possam ser adotadas com o intuito de aumentar o desempenho na segurança aeroportuária.
Influência da inserção do resíduo de retífica cerâmica em argamassas de rejuntamento
Authors: Santos Louise Carvalho dos , Wanderlind Augusto , Piva Jorge Henrique , Antunes Elaine Guglielmi Pavei
Published: June 2022

Os materiais cerâmicos para revestimento são amplamente usados na construção civil, e placas cerâmicas retificadas, com retificação das arestas, são cada vez mais requeridas no mercado. O processo de retificação gera um resíduo proveniente do desbaste das peças (resíduo de retificação cerâmica – RRC). O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência da substituição fracionária do agregado miúdo por RRC nas características físicas e nas propriedades mecânicas de argamassas de rejuntamento (AR). Foram pesquisadas formulações de AR com substituição parcial do agregado pelo RRC, nas proporções de 2%, 4% e 6% (F2, F4 e F6). As distintas formulações foram caracterizadas pelos seguintes ensaios, determinando: retenção de água, variação dimensional, resistência à compressão, resistência à tração na flexão, absorção de água por capilaridade e determinação de permeabilidade, todos conforme as diretrizes da NBR 14992:2003. Além desses, executou-se também o ensaio de módulo de elasticidade, este último conforme a NBR 8522:2021. Com base nos resultados obtidos, constata-se que as características das argamassas com substituição do agregado miúdo por RRC, independente do percentual de substituição, apresentaram resultados positivos nos ensaios de retenção de água, variação dimensional, permeabilidade e resistência à compressão. Em relação aos ensaios de absorção de água por capilaridade, resistência à tração na flexão e módulo de elasticidade, obteve-se resultados melhores com quantidades menores de RRC.
Prevenção e recuperação de estruturas de concreto armado submetidas ao processo de corrosão da armadura: revisão de literatura
Authors: Araruna Júlio César Messias
Published: June 2022

As estruturas de concreto armado, durante sua vida útil, estão sujeitas a vários fenômenos patológicos que podem comprometer o desempenho da peça. A corrosão das armaduras é um problema cada vez mais recorrente, sendo capaz de se desenvolver para casos mais graves, levando à ruptura da peça. Esses problemas são decorrentes de erros na fase de projeto ou de execução, por não serem implementadas as técnicas adequadas para evitar o processo corrosivo. Com isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento das técnicas de prevenção e de recuperação de estruturas de concreto armado, considerando o processo de corrosão, visando contribuir para o estudo da proteção e recuperação de estruturas de concreto armado em termos de corrosão da armadura. Esta pesquisa consiste em um estudo bibliográfico por meio de livros, teses, dissertações e artigos que abordam essas técnicas. Com base nas fontes analisadas, foi possível constatar as técnicas de prevenção que podem ser aplicadas tanto na superfície do concreto como no seu interior, bem como diretamente nas armaduras. Como métodos de recuperação, foram apresentados o método tradicional e os métodos eletroquímicos.
Propriedades mecânicas de concretos sustentáveis com incorporação de escória de aciaria BSSF em substituição aos agregados naturais
Authors: Cartaxo Fábio De Morais , Ferreira Fernanda Giannotti da Silva , Freitas Karoline Mariana Gonçalves , Nascimento Lucas Clementino do , Guilge Mário Sérgio , Zanetti Cláudia
Published: June 2022

A escória de aciaria é coproduto siderúrgico, com comportamento expansivo, para cuja incorporação em produtos da construção civil necessita passar por processos de estabilização. O processo denominado BSSF (do inglês Baosteel Slag Short Flow – Fluxo Curto de Escória da Baosteel) é uma novidade tecnológica no Brasil, que consiste no resfriamento e estabilização de grandes montantes de material, em menor tempo quando comparado ao tratamento convencional. Embora se visualize tal processo como algo promissor, faltam, todavia, estudos que comprovem sua eficácia. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as propriedades mecânicas de concretos produzidos com a incorporação de agregados de escória de aciaria BSSF. Os traços de concreto foram desenvolvidos para classe de agressividade ambiental II, com resistência mínima de 25 MPa aos 28 dias. Como materiais, foram utilizados CP V-ARI, brita granítica, areia quartzosa, escória de aciaria BSSF e aditivo superplastificante. Assim, foram desenvolvidos cinco traços de concreto, com teores de substituição dos agregados naturais pela escória de aciaria BSSF de 0% (referência), 20%, 40%, 60% e 80%, em volume. Foram determinadas a consistência, massa específica e teor de ar incorporado. No estado endurecido, foram determinados a resistência à compressão axial (nas idades de 7, 28 e 91 dias) e o módulo de elasticidade estático (nas idades de 28 e 91 dias) dos concretos. Em geral, os concretos com escória de aciaria BSSF apresentaram desempenho mecânico superior ao traço de referência, com exceção do traço de 80% nas primeiras idades. Ademais, destaca-se o traço com 60% de escória, por ter alcançado os ganhos mais expressivos nas propriedades mecânicas.
Frequência de hemoparasitos em cães e gatos de três cidades da região Cariri, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Beserra Emannuel Estevão , Varela Ana Sara Gonçalves de Oliveira , Lima Marcelo Santos de , Alves Hênio Dorgival Lima , Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro , Batista Samira Pereira
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo objetivou determinar a frequência de hemoparasitos em pequenos animais de três cidades da região do Cariri Cearense, assim como os achados epidemiológicos e hematológicos associados às infecções. Foram analisados 607 laudos hematológicos provenientes de amostras enviadas ao Laboratório Veterinário Lab Vet, localizado em Juazeiro do Norte-CE. As amostras foram analisadas utilizando-se o analisador hematológico BC 2800 Mindray, com pesquisa de hemoparasitos em esfregaços sanguíneos. Foram coletados dados relativos aos animais, como sexo, idade, raça e cidade de origem. A frequência de hemoparasitos foi de 7,41% (45/607), sendo Anaplasma spp. o gênero mais frequente. Em cães, a frequência de animais positivos foi de 6,58% (32/488), sendo Ehrlichia spp. (34,4% – 11/32), Anaplasma spp. (28,1% – 9/32) e Hepatozoon spp. (25% – 8/32) os mais frequentes. Em gatos, a frequência de hemoparasitos foi de 10,74% (13/119), com Anaplasma spp. (84,6% – 11/13) e Mycoplasma spp. (15,3% – 2/13) sendo os mais frequentes. As principais alterações hematológicas foram anemia e trombocitopenia, e animais com até 12 meses de idade apresentaram maior probabilidade de infecção. Concluiu-se que são expressivas as infecções pelos gêneros de hemoparasitos Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Hepatozoon e Mycoplasma em pequenos animais no Cariri do Ceará, sendo necessário incluir essas infecções na lista de diagnósticos diferenciais da região bem como alertar os tutores sobre a importância do controle dos parasitos vetores desses hemoparasitos, forma mais eficaz de prevenir essas infecções.
Consuming and disputing Aisha song: the quest for pleasure and Islamic romance in contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Rijal Syamsul
Published: June 2022

The increasing consumption of Islamic popular culture in Indonesia has marked the deepening Islamisation among the Muslim majority. Some scholars have observed the interplay between Islam and popular culture among Indonesian Muslim youths. However, only a few scholars have studied how a particular religious product has been debated and contested within a Muslim society. This article examines the conflicting responses over an Islamic song that describes romantic expression between the Prophet and His wife, Aisha. It focuses on three groups: popular preachers, progressive writers, and YouTube audience. This study found that while some Muslim preachers and progressive writers have criticized the song’s lyrics, most Muslim audience keep consuming the song and regard it as an ideal model of Islamic romance as expressed by the Prophet and His wife, Aisha. The various responses from the three groups represent the diversity of Indonesian Muslims with regards to Islam and popular culture. It also suggests that the Muslim consumers do not always follow the opinions of popular religious elites. The popularity of the song has resonated with the increasing aspiration among pious young Muslims who seek the basis of Islamic romance through the lives of the Prophet and His wife.
Millennial Students’ Perception on The Integration of Islam and Science in Islamic Universities
Authors: Suciati Rizkia , Susilo Herawati , Gofur Abdul , Lestari Umie , Rohman Izza
Published: June 2022

This study describes students' perception of the concept of the integration of Islam and science. The integration of religious knowledge into science learning means the elimination of the paradigm of separating science and religion. This is important because many students do not understand how to connect the scientific theories studied to their own religious beliefs. This research surveys 175 students from 4 Islamic universities in Indonesia. The respondents filled an online questionnaire containing 8 two-tiered questions based on 7 conceptual understanding indicators of the integration of Islam and science. The indicators measure students’ understanding of: (1) Science; (2) The relationship between science and religion (Islam); (3) The effect of science on religion; (4) The influence of Islamic insights on science learning; (5) The role of religion in the development/advancement of science; (6) The conflict between science and religion; (7) The differences in scientific concepts developed by Muslim and non-Muslim scientists. The result shows that the students’ perception on the relationship between Islam and science can be categorized as the perception of integration. They argue that religion has a role in the development of science, and science has a role in supporting the sustainability of life. The students also conceive that a lecturer's Islamic insight can have an influence on the learning process, especially in Biology course.
Islam on the air: the struggle for salafism through radio in Indonesia
Authors: Masduki Masduki , Muzakki Akh. , Rosidi Imron , Hartono Toni
Published: June 2022

Indonesian Islam has become the point of contestation of ideologies, particularly between the so-called globally-inspired and locally- rooted views of Islam. This article deals with the Salafism struggle in da’wah on the airwaves through the radio as locally rooted in Indonesia with a special reference to the Salafi radio highly popular in Batam of Riau, Hang Radio. It analyzes two main issues, first on the growth of religious thinking in Indonesian Islam and its relationship with media propaganda, and second on the Salafi struggle for Islamic identity by means of broadcasting through radio. It argues that through the radio the Salafists implement their ideology as part of their socio-religious identity in a public sphere. Through a hermeneutical-phenomology analaysis, this article finds thatthe Salafism struggle of Islamic identity by means of radio is fragmented rather than cohesive and solid. Moreover, this struggle is not immune to capitalism. Above all, this struggle is also influenced by transnational and local elements.
Islamic political supports and voting behaviors in majority and minority Muslim Provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Salim Delmus Puneri
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on relation between Islam and politics in Indonesia during the last two presidential election. The article looks at Islamic political support to Prabowo Subianto and its influence into the 2014 and 2019 Presidential election in the majority and minority Muslim provinces. Data collection was conducted by document study to texts of internet media, especially on the issues of Islamic political support to Prabowo Subianto and results of the 2014 and 2019 Presidential election in the chosen majority and minority Muslim provinces. This study reveals correlation between Islam and politics with results of the two previous Indonesian Presidential election, finding out that the Islamic political support has increased votes of the promoted candidates in majority Muslim provinces and reversely decreased votes of the candidate in minority Muslim provinces. The study shows that the Islamic political supports affect voting behaviors more in minority Muslim provinces than in majority Muslim provinces. These findings, in turn, highlight the importance of developing a strategy to manage religious political support in Indonesian elections.
Analyzing Students’ Problem-Solving Sequences
Authors: Kleinman Erica , Shergadwala Murtuza , Teng Zhaoqing , Villareale Jennifer , Bryant Andy , Zhu Jichen , Seif El-Nasr Magy
Published: June 2022

Educational technology is shifting toward facilitating personalized learning. Such personalization, however, requires a detailed understanding of students’ problem-solving processes. Sequence analysis (SA) is a promising approach to gaining granular insights into student problem solving; however, existing techniques are difficult to interpret because they offer little room for human input in the analysis process. Ultimately, in a learning context, a human stakeholder makes the decisions, so they should be able to drive the analysis process. In this paper, we present a human-in-the-loop approach to SA that uses visualization to allow a stakeholder to better understand both the data and the algorithm. We illustrate the method with a case study in the context of a learning game called Parallel. Results reveal six groups of students organized based on their problem-solving patterns and highlight individual differences within each group. We compare the results to a state-of-the-art method run with the same data and discuss the benefits of our method and the implications of this work.
The role of highly dispersed silica nanoparticles in the realization of the effects of granulosa on the maturation and fertilization competence of Sus scrofa domesticus oocytes
Authors: Kuzmina T. I. , Chistyakova I. V. , Prituzhalova A. O. , Tatarskaya D. N.
Published: June 2022

Reproductive technologies are some of the key directions in the context of the need to preserve and select highly productive farmed animals in terms of economically useful traits. Improvements of the existing models of the in vitro oocyte maturation system help to solve the problem of low yield of porcine embryos at the final stages of preimplantation development. In the present study, a model of culture medium for gametes (NCSU-23 with 10 % homologous follicular fluid, 10 IU hCG and 10 IU eCG) modernized by the addition of 1·106 granulosa cells (GCs) per ml and 0.001 % of highly dispersed silica nanoparticles (HDSn) is proposed for use in the IVM and IVF technology of donor porcine oocytes. Analysis of the oocyte chromatin status by the Tarkowsky method and assessment of the level of destructive changes in chromatin (apoptosis, pyknosis) revealed a significant percentage increase in matured oocytes and a decrease in the proportion of granulosa cells with degenerated chromatin when using the original culture system. The positive effects of a joint addition of GCs and HDSn to the maturation system have made it possible to increase the indicators of the meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocytes. Optimal results of developmental competence of oocytes were achieved with the joint use of GCs and HDSn in the maturation system (the proportion of matured cells reached 89 %, the level of oocytes with chromosome degeneration was 12 %, 39 % of embryos reached the final stage of preimplantation development). The positive effect of HDSn on oocyte fertilization was accompanied by an abrupt decrease in destructive processes in GCs during culture in the presence of HDSn. The level of somatic cells with pyknotic nuclei was 32 % and the level of apoptosis (TUNEL-test), 21 %, compared with the control (43 and 31 %, p <0.01, respectively). Thus, a high efficiency of the porcine oocyte maturation system in the joint culture of gametes with GCs and HDSn was revealed. It makes it possible to recommend a model of this culture medium at the IVM of female gametes of Sus scrofa domesticus for improving the quality of donor oocytes used in cell and genetic engineering.
Biochemical and technological properties of moose (Alces alces) recombinant chymosin
Authors: Balabova D. V. , Rudometov A. P. , Belenkaya S. V. , Belov A. N. , Koval A. D. , Bondar A. A. , Bakulina A. Yu. , Rukhlova E. A. , Elchaninov V. V. , Shcherbakov D. N.
Published: June 2022

Recombinant chymosins (rСhns) of the cow and the camel are currently considered as standard milk coagulants for cheese-making. The search for a new type of milk-clotting enzymes that may exist in nature and can surpass the existing “cheese-making” standards is an urgent biotechnological task. Within this study, we for the first time constructed an expression vector allowing production of a recombinant analog of moose chymosin in the expression system ofEscherichia coli(strain SHuffle express). We built a model of the spatial structure of moose chymosin and compared the topography of positive and negative surface charges with the correspondent structures of cow and camel chymosins. We found that the distribution of charges on the surface of moose chymosin has common features with that of cow and camel chymosins. However, the moose enzyme carries a unique positively charged patch, which is likely to affect its interaction with the substrate. Biochemical and technological properties of the moose rChn were studied. Commercial rСhns of cow and camel were used as comparison enzymes. In some technological parameters, the moose rChn proved to be superior to the reference enzymes. Сompared with the cow and camel rСhns, the moose chymosin specific activity is less dependent on the changes in CaCl2concentration in the range of 1–5 mM and pH in the range of 6–7, which is an attractive technological property. The total proteolytic activity of the moose rСhn occupies an intermediate position between the rСhns of cow and camel. The combination of biochemical and technological properties of the moose rСhn argues for further study of this enzyme.
Starch metabolism in potato Solanum tuberosum L.
Authors: Sergeeva E. M. , Larichev K. T. , Salina E. A. , Kochetov A. V.
Published: June 2022

Starch is a major storage carbohydrate in plants. It is an important source of calories in the human and animal diet. Also, it is widely used in various industries. Native starch consists of water-insoluble semicrystalline granules formed by natural glucose polymers amylose and amylopectin. The physicochemical properties of starch are determined by the amylose:amylopectin ratio in the granule and degrees of their polymerization and phosphorylation. Potato Solanum tuberosum L. is one of the main starch-producing crops. Growing industrial needs necessitate the breeding of plant varieties with increased starch content and specified starch properties. This task demands detailed information on starch metabolism in the producing plant. It is a complex process, requiring the orchestrated work of many enzymes, transporter and targeting proteins, transcription factors, and other regulators. Two types of starch are recognized with regard to their biological functions. Transitory starch is synthesized in chloroplasts of photosynthetic organs and degraded in the absence of light, providing carbohydrates for cell needs. Storage starch is synthesized and stored in amyloplasts of storage organs: grains and tubers. The main enzymatic reactions of starch biosynthesis and degradation, as well as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, are well known in the case of transitory starch of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Less is known about features of starch metabolism in storage organs, in particular, potato tubers. Several issues remain obscure: the roles of enzyme isoforms and different regulatory factors in tissues at various plant developmental stages and under different environmental conditions; alternative enzymatic processes; targeting and transport proteins. In this review, the key enzymatic reactions of plant carbohydrate metabolism, transitory and storage starch biosynthesis, and starch degradation are discussed, and features specific for potato are outlined. Attention is also paid to the known regulatory factors affecting starch metabolism.
Social behavior and spatial orientation in rat strains with genetic predisposition to catatonia (GC) and stereotypes (PM)
Authors: Plekanchuk V. S. , Prokudina O. I. , Ryazanova M. A.
Published: June 2022

Various psychopathologies, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression, are associated with abnormalities in social behavior and learning. One of the syndromes that may also take place in these disorders is catatonia. Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome in which motor excitement, stereotypy, stuporous state, including the phenomenon of “waxy flexibility” (catalepsy), can be observed. Rats with genetic catatonia (GC) and pendulum-like movements (PM) of the anterior half of the body have physiological and behavioral changes similar to those observed in schizophrenia and depression in humans and can be considered as incomplete experimental models of these pathologies. The social behavior of the GC and PM rats has not been previously studied, and the cognitive abilities of animals of these strains are also insufficiently studied. To determine whether the GC and PM rats have changes in social behavior and spatial learning, behavioral phenotyping was performed in the residentintruder test, three-chamber test, Barnes maze test. Some deviations in social behavior, such as increased offensive aggression in PM rats in the resident-intruder test, increased or decreased social interactions depending on the environment in different tests in GC, were shown. In addition, principal component analysis revealed a negative association between catatonic freezing and the socialization index in the three-chamber test. Decreased locomotor activity of GС rats can adversely affect the performance of tasks on spatial memory. It has been shown that PM rats do not use a spatial strategy in the Barnes maze, which may indicate impairment of learning and spatial memory.
Molecular-genetic approaches to species identification of platyhelminthes of the genus Ligophorus (Monogenea) parasitising flathead mullet
Authors: Vodiasova E. A. , Chelebieva E. S. , Shikhat O. V. , Atopkin D. M. , Dmitrieva E. V.
Published: June 2022

Mugil cephalus L., 1758 (flathead mullet) is a valuable commercial fish and a promising object of artificial breeding in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, and the study of its parasite fauna is important for fishery and mariculture. Monogeneans of the genus Ligophorus are common ectoparasites dwelling on the gills of mullets. Two representatives of this genus parasitise flathead mullet in the Azov-Black Sea region, namely Ligophorus mediterraneus Sarabeev, Balbuena et Euzet, 2005 and Ligophorus cephali Rubtsova, Balbuena, Sarabeev, Blasco-Costa et Euzet, 2006. Morphological identification of these species requires spending much time and a high level of experience in monogenean taxonomy. For quick and correct species identification of these parasites, we have developed a genotyping approach based on the polymerase chain reaction of allele-specific gene sites for various Monogenea species. A fragment of the 28S ribosomal gene, which includes conserved and variable sites, was chosen as a genetic marker. Three approaches were used as follows: amplified fragment length analysis, allelespecific PCR with endpoint detection and allele-specific real-time PCR using SYBR Green intercalating dye. The first approach was by obtaining PCR products of different lengths that were specific either to L. mediterraneus or to L. cephali. This approach was implemented due to the presence of several variable sites located at a distance from each other. The PCR mixture contained three primers: one forward and two reverse. The forward primer was complementary to the conserved site, which did not differ between species. Reverse primers were speciesspecific and, for each species, they were complementary to different DNA regions located 100 bp apart. As a result, L. mediterraneus was characterized by shorter amplicons than L. cephali. For the second and third approaches, a pair of primers was designed according to the following principle: the forward primer was complementary to both species, since it was selected for the conserved gene region. Reverse primers were species-specific and were designed for the 28S variable region. The two parasite species were distinguished by three-point mutations. Thus, one pair of primers was complementary to L. mediterraneus, the other, to L. cephali. The amplified fragment length analysis and the allele-specific real-time PCR demonstrated 100 % coincidence of genotyping results compared with Sanger sequencing. The developed genotyping protocols can be used not only to distinguish two species of Ligophorus from flathead mullet in ecological studies and veterinary practice but also for further development of similar approaches for other monogeneans, among which there are many pathogenic species.
Molecular genetics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Mustafin R. N.
Published: June 2022

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe progressive interstitial lung disease with a prevalence of 2 to 29 per 100,000 of the world’s population. Aging is a significant risk factor for IPF, and the mechanisms of aging (telomere depletion, genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of proteostasis) are involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. The pathogenesis of IPF consists of TGF-β activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and SIRT7 expression decrease. Genetic studies have shown a role of mutations and polymorphisms in mucin genes (MUC5B), in the genes responsible for the integrity of telomeres (TERC, TERC, TINF2, DKC1, RTEL1, PARN), in surfactant-related genes (SFTPC, SFTPCA, SFTPA2, ABCA3, SP-A2), immune system genes (IL1RN, TOLLIP), and haplotypes of HLA genes (DRB1*15:01, DQB1*06:02) in IPF pathogenesis. The investigation of the influence of reversible epigenetic factors on the development of the disease, which can be corrected by targeted therapy, shows promise. Among them, an association of a number of specific microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs was revealed with IPF. Therefore, dysregulation of transposons, which serve as key sources of noncoding RNA and affect mechanisms of aging, may serve as a driver for IPF development. This is due to the fact that pathological activation of transposons leads to violation of the regulation of genes, in the epigenetic control of which microRNA originating from these transposons are involved (due to the complementarity of nucleotide sequences). Analysis of the MDTE database (miRNAs derived from Transposable Elements) allowed the detection of 12 different miRNAs derived in evolution from transposons and associated with IPF (miR-31, miR-302, miR-326, miR-335, miR-340, miR-374, miR-487, miR-493, miR-495, miR-630, miR-708, miR-1343). We described the relationship of transposons with TGF-β, sirtuins and telomeres, dysfunction of which is involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. New data on IPF epigenetic mechanisms can become the basis for improving results of targeted therapy of the disease using noncoding RNAs.
Design and assembly of plant-based COVID-19 candidate vaccines: reсent development and future prospects
Authors: Uvarova E. A. , Belavin P. A. , Deineko E. V.
Published: June 2022

An outbreak of a new variant of the coronavirus infection, known as COVID-19, occurred at the end of 2019 in China, in the city of Wuhan. It was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This variant of the virus is characterized by a high degree of variability and, as the current situation with its spread across different regions of the globe shows, it can lead to a progressive spread of infection among the human population and become the cause of a pandemic. The world scientific community is making tremendous efforts to develop means of protection, prevention and treatment of this disease based on modern advances in molecular biology, immunology and vaccinology. This review provides information on the current state of research in the field of vaccine development against COVID-19 with an emphasis on the role of plants in solving this complex problem. Although plants have long been used by mankind as sources of various medicinal substances, in a pandemic, plant expression systems become attractive as biofactories or bioreactors for the production of artificially created protein molecules that include protective antigens against viral infection. The design and creation of such artificial molecules underlies the development of recombinant subunit vaccines aimed at a rapid response against the spread of infections with a high degree of variability. The review presents the state of research covering a period of just over two years, i. e. since the emergence of the new outbreak of coronavirus infection. The authors tried to emphasize the importance of rapid response of research groups from various scientific fields towards the use of existing developments to create means of protection against various pathogens. With two plant expression systems – stable and transient – as examples, the development of work on the creation of recombinant subunit vaccines against COVID-19 in various laboratories and commercial companies is shown. The authors emphasize that plant expression systems have promise for the development of not only protective means under conditions of rapid response (subunit vaccines), but also therapeutic agents in the form of monoclonal antibodies against COVID-19 synthesized in plant cells.