bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal Hemipelvectomy for primary bone sarcomas using intraoperative patient specific instruments- the next step in limb salvage concept
Authors: Benady Amit , Gortzak Yair , Sofer Summer , Ran Yuval , Rumack Netta , Elias Avital , Efrima Ben , Golden Eran , Segal Ortal , Merose Omri , Sternheim Amir , Dadia Solomon
Published: November 2022

Background

During pelvic Sarcoma resections, Surgeons often struggle to obtain negative margins while minimizing collateral damage and maintaining limb function. These complications are usually due to the complex anatomy of the pelvis. Here we present an accurate 3D surgical approach, including pre-operative printing of models and intraoperative patient-specific instruments (PSIs) for optimizing pelvic sarcoma resections.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study (N = 11) presents surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes of patients (average age 14.6 +/− 7.6 years, 4 males) who underwent pelvic sarcoma resections using a 3D surgical approach between 2016 and 2021. All patients were followed up for at least 24 months (mean = 38.9 +/− 30.1 months).

Results

Our results show promising surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes. Using a 3D approach, 90.9% had negative margins, and 63.6% did not require reconstruction surgery. The average estimated blood loss was 895.45 ± 540.12 cc, and the average surgery time was 3:38 ± 0.05 hours. Our results revealed no long-term complications. Three patients suffered from short-term complications of superficial wound infections. At 24 month follow up 72.7% of patients displayed no evidence of disease. The average Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score at 12 months was 22.81.

Conclusion

3D technology enables improved accuracy in tumor resections, allowing for less invasive procedures and tailored reconstruction surgeries, potentially leading to better outcomes in function and morbidity. We believe that this approach will enhance treatments and ease prognosis for patients diagnosed with pelvic sarcoma and will become the standard of care in the future.
Learning from the implementation of clinical empathy training: an explorative qualitative study in search of the barriers and facilitators
Authors: Barak Luca C. , Kuijpers Giliam , Hoeijmakers Lotte , Scheele Fedde
Published: November 2022

Background

Amid concerns about the decline of empathy during the clinical training of medical clerks, evidence that empathy improves patient outcomes suggests some potential for teaching empathy in ways that will affect the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of medical clerks. This potential alone cannot, however, guarantee the success of educational innovations to introduce empathy to the medical curriculum. This research aims to identify the barriers and facilitators of the implementation of a specific clinical initiative to enhance the empathy skills of clerks, namely the training of clerks to act as a ‘MedGezel’ or ‘medical coach’.

Method

We conducted an explorative qualitative study based on interview data collected and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and the readiness for change theory. We conducted semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders in this particular qualitative study. Thematic analysis was based on open and axial coding using ATLAS.ti 9, which facilitated the emergence of common themes of interest and meaning for the study.

Results

A total of 13 relevant stakeholders participated as interviewees in our study. The data was collected from April to June 2021. Our analysis generated 6 main themes which can provide insights into why the implementation of the MedGezel educational innovation failed so far. The following themes emerged: the case for change: why change?; practical necessity; leadership; management and resources; staff culture; and alignment with the corporate strategy.

Discussion

The implementation failure can be partially explained as resulting from the personal attitudes and choices of participants, who struggled to reconcile a vision that they liked with side effects that they feared. While participants repeatedly mentioned management and leadership issues, these organizational issues seemed less important as they could be easily resolved in practice. What was more important and fatal for the initiative was its lack of alignment with staff culture, despite its alignment with corporate strategy.

Conclusion

This investigation into the barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of the MedGezel program identified 6 explanatory themes, the most impactful one being staff culture.
“Magnitude of community-based health insurance utilization and associated factors in Bassona Worena District, North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study”
Authors: Getahun Tomas , Teklesilassie Lakech , Habtemichael Mizan , Abebe Yonas , Getahun Helen
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The health insurance system has been proven to offer effective and efficient health care for the community, particularly community-based health insurance is expected to ensure health care access for people with low economic status and vulnerable groups. Despite the significance of evidence-based systems and implementation, there is a limited report about the magnitude of CBHI utilization. Therefore, this study was done to assess factors associated with community-based health insurance utilization in Basona Worena District, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.

Method

A community-based cross-sectional study was employed. We have included 530 households from 6 randomly selected kebeles. The data was entered using Epi-Data V 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for statistical analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were computed to determine factors associated with community-based health insurance utilization.

Result

The study finding shows that 58.6% of the respondents were members of community-based health insurance. Respondents who had primary and secondary education levels were 2 times more likely to be members than those who had no formal education. As compared to those who had awareness, respondents who had no awareness about CBHI were 0.27 times less likely to be insured. Respondents who did not experience illness were 0.27 times less likely to be members than respondents who experienced illness.

Conclusion

Educational status, awareness about CBHI, perception of CBHI scheme and illness experience of family influence CBHI utilization. There is a need to strengthen awareness creation to improve the CBHI utilization.
Social return on investment economic evaluation of supportive care for lung cancer patients in acute care settings in Australia
Authors: Hyatt Amelia , Chung Holly , Aston Ruth , Gough Karla , Krishnasamy Meinir
Published: November 2022

Background

Unmanaged consequences of cancer and its treatment are high among patients with lung cancer and their informal carers, resulting in avoidable healthcare use and financial burden. Provision of cancer supportive care addressing the impacts of cancer and its treatment has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating these consequences; however, globally, there is a lack of investment in these services. Paucity of robust economic evidence regarding benefit of cancer supportive care has limited policy impact and allocation of resources. This study therefore utilised a Social Return on Investment (SROI) methodology to conduct a forecast evaluation of lung cancer supportive care services, to ascertain potential social value and return on investment.

Methods

An SROI economic evaluation model was developed using qualitative stakeholder consultations synthesised with published evidence to develop the inputs, outcomes and financial value associated with the delivery of a hypothetical model of quality lung cancer supportive care services over a one and five year period. SROI ratios were generated to determine the social value and cost savings associated per every $1AUD invested in cancer supportive care for both the healthcare system and patients. Deadweight, drop off and attribution were calculated, and sensitivity analysis was performed to confirm the stability of the model.

Results

The value generated from modelled supportive care service investments in a one-year period resulted in an SROI ratio of 1:9; that is, for every dollar invested in supportive care, AUD$9.00 social return is obtained when savings to the healthcare system and benefits to the patients are combined. At five-years, these same investments resulted in greater cumulative value generated for both the patient and the healthcare system, with a SROI ratio of 1:11.

Conclusion

Our study provides strong evidence for policy makers, clinicians and consumers to advocate for further investment in cancer supportive care, as demonstrated cost savings could be achieved through implementation of the proposed supportive care service model, with these accruing over a five-year period. The SROI model provides a comprehensive framework detailing supportive care services and the health workforce necessary to achieve value-based outcomes for patients and the healthcare system.
Identification of significant modules and hub genes involved in hepatic encephalopathy using WGCNA
Authors: Zhang Chihao , Luo Guqing , Lin Jiayun , Zhao Zhifeng , Luo Meng , Li Hongjie
Published: November 2022

Background

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible syndrome of brain dysfunction caused by advanced liver disease. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) could establish a robust co-expression network to identify the hub genes and underlying biological functions. This study was aimed to explore the potential therapeutic targets in HE by WGCNA.

Results

The green and brown modules were found to be significantly associated with the development of HE. Functional enrichment analyses suggested the neuroinflammation, neuroimmune, extracellular matrix (ECM), and coagulation cascade were involved in HE. CYBB and FOXO1 were calculated as hub genes, which were upregulated in the HE patients. Tamibarotene and vitamin E were suggested as possible drug candidates to alleviate HE.

Conclusions

It is the first time to analyze transcriptomic data of HE by WGCNA. Our study not only promoted the current understanding of neuroinflammation in HE, but also provided the first evidence that CYBB and FOXO1 played pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of HE, which might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Tamibarotene might be a novel drug compound against HE.
Strengthening futures-oriented agenda for building innovation ecosystems
Authors: Myllyoja Jouko , Rilla Nina , Lima-Toivanen Maria
Published: November 2022

This article locates itself at the interface of the innovation ecosystem approach and foresight methodologies. The need for writing this paper emerged from the notion that despite existing common praxis, there is a lack of academic studies combining these approaches simultaneously in a more profound sense. The study adapts the perspective of how foresight can assist in the development of innovation ecosystems. As a constructive study, the aim is to foster revealing the potential that foresight can have for the innovation ecosystem development in both theoretical and practical sense. Foresight approach and its methods offer anticipatory mindset and practical tools for developing and steering of ecosystem life cycle, keeping in mind that an ecosystem is not static but evolving system. For the foresight, the relevance of this article emerges from emphasising the viewpoint of stakeholders, which may generate wider and more engaged involvement of different stakeholders in foresight processes. As an outcome, the paper presents a model called the foresight wheel, which consists of three interrelated elements of ‘Thinking beyond immediate cooperating’, ‘Enabling continuous futures dialogue’ and ‘Building ecosystem futures’ capabilities’. The empirical reflection of this paper relies on observations achieved in an H2020-funded research project, in which both innovation ecosystems and foresight frameworks were applied as part of cybersecurity workshops organised in three Asian countries.
Sleep disruption as a potential contributor to the worsening of eating disorder pathology during the COVID-19-pandemic
Authors: Mehr Jacqueline B. , James Morgan H.
Published: November 2022

The acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant increases in the prevalence and severity of eating disorders (EDs). Studies also highlighted changes to sleep quality and duration in many individuals throughout this period. Although these two phenomena have been examined separately, here we highlight the need to investigate the potential link between these outcomes. Sleep dysregulation and EDs have previously been hypothesized to interact via a positive feedback loop, wherein poor sleep exacerbates ED symptomatology which, in turn, further worsens sleep. Thus, we speculate that the aggravation of sleep disturbances and EDs during COVID-19 lockdowns may have been somewhat interdependent. We further hypothesize that the worsening of depression and anxiety symptomology during the acute phase of the pandemic may have served as an additional mediating variable. Altogether, in our view, these observations highlight a need for future work to examine the possible causal relationship between sleep and ED pathology, which may ultimately lead to improved clinical management of disordered eating.
Longitudinal measurement invariance of the Working Alliance Inventory - Short form across coaching sessions
Authors: Stefens Marjolein , Rondeel Eefje , Templin Jonathan , Brode David , de Waart Eddy , de Jong Rendel , ten Hoeve-Rozema Jacobien , Waringa Alexander , Reijnders Jennifer , Jacobs Nele , Lataster Johan
Published: November 2022

Background

Throughout the psychotherapeutic and coaching literature, the client-therapist or coach-coachee working alliance has been highlighted as key force driving positive outcome. The Working Alliance Inventory Short form (WAI-S) for coaching charts the quality of working alliance throughout coaching sessions and is broadly applied in coaching research. Due to a shortfall in research on psychometric properties of the WAI-S, the purpose of this study was to examine (a) if the theorized three-factor structure of the 12-item WAI-S forms a solid representation of the dimensions of working alliance in coaching, and (b) longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI) of the WAI-S.

Method

Data were collected in a two-wave study design comprising a main study sample ofN = 690 Dutch coachees that completed the questionnaire at the first measurement, of whichN = 490 also completed the questionnaire at the second measurement. Post hoc sensitivity analysis was performed based on the original sample, lacking additional information on covariates, and included both completers and dropouts, comprisingN = 1986 respondents at T1, andN = 1020 respondents at T2.

Results

Confirmatory factor analyses evidenced best fit of the three-factor model in comparison to one-, and two-factor models at both time points. Despite the fact that multigroup confirmatory factor analysis detected non-invariant intercepts, our findings overall supported measurement invariance across coaching sessions.

Conclusions

As decisions in both clinical and scientific practices generally rely on outcome assessment of interpersonal change in scores on the same measure over time, we believe our findings to be of contributing value to the consolidation of interpretation and accuracy of scorings on the WAI-S in coaching.
Strategies to enhance CAR-T persistence
Authors: Liu Yue , An Lingna , Huang Ruihao , Xiong Jingkang , Yang Haoyu , Wang Xiaoqi , Zhang Xi
Published: November 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has significantly improved the life expectancy for patients with refractory or relapse B cell lymphoma. As for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), although the primary response rate is promising, the high incidence of early relapse has caused modest long-term survival with CAR-T cell alone. One of the main challenges is the limited persistence of CAR-T cells. To further optimize the clinical effects of CAR-T cells, many studies have focused on modifying the CAR structure and regulating CAR-T cell differentiation. In this review, we focus on CAR-T cell persistence and summarize the latest progress and strategies adopted during the in vitro culture stage to optimize CAR-T immunotherapy by improving long-term persistence. Such strategies include choosing a suitable cell source, improving culture conditions, combining CAR-T cells with conventional drugs, and applying genetic manipulations, all of which may improve the survival of patients with hematologic malignancies by reducing the probability of recurrence after CAR-T cell infusion and provide clues for solid tumor CAR-T cell therapy development.
Healthier Lives Implementation Research Network for Māori and Pacific community health providers in Aotearoa New Zealand: a study protocol with an observational mixed methods design
Authors: Oetzel John , Sika-Paotonu Dianne , Penetito-Hemara Darrio , Henry Akarere
Published: November 2022

Background

Despite incremental gains in the Aotearoa New Zealand health sector, Māori and Pacific peoples still experience poorer health outcomes than non-Māori and non-Pacific. Access to the latest research and innovation is critical to improving and addressing health outcomes and health inequities in particular. However, there are numerous challenges to translating research into practice including that there is currently no known a specific infrastructure in Aotearoa New Zealand to facilitate this process. The aim of the project is to develop a network of community providers, researchers and health systems representatives that can help facilitate the implementation of novel and innovative programmes and products that help to meet the health needs of Māori and Pacific communities.

Methods

This project has three stages, one of which has been completed. In Stage 1, we engaged with key leaders of organisations from various components in the health system through a co-design process to identify parameters and infrastructure of the network. In Stage 2, we propose to construct the network involving approximately 20–30 community providers (and other affiliated researchers and health system representatives) and refine its parameters through an additional co-design process. Additionally, we will use a mixed methods research design using survey and interviews to identify perceived implementation needs, facilitators and barriers to help inform the work in the third stage. In Stage 3, we will support the active implementation of evidence-based programmes with a smaller number of providers (approximately four to eight community providers depending on the complexity of the implementation). Mixed methods research will be conducted to understand facilitators and barriers to implementation processes and outcomes.

Discussion

The proposed network infrastructure is an equity-oriented strategy focused on building capacity through a strength-based approach that can help address inequities over time. Our “proof-of-concept” study will not be able to change inequities in that time period given its relatively small scale and time period, but it should set the foundation for continued equity-oriented work.
Adaptation and implementation processes of a culture-centred community-based peer-education programme for older Māori
Authors: Simpson Mary Louisa , Ruru Stacey , Oetzel John , Meha Pare , Nock Sophie , Holmes Kathrine , Adams Hariata , Akapita Ngapera , Clark Marama , Ngaia Kawarau , Moses Reuben , Reddy Rangimahora , Hokowhitu Brendan
Published: November 2022

Background

Health inequities experienced by kaumātua (older Māori) in Aotearoa, New Zealand, are well documented. Examples of translating and adapting research into practice that identifies ways to help address such inequities are less evident. The study used the He Pikinga Waiora (HPW) implementation framework and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to explore promising co-design and implementation practices in translating an evidence-based peer-education programme for older Māori to new communities.

Methods

The study was grounded in an Indigenous methodology (Kaupapa Māori) and a participatory research approach. Data were collected from research documentation, community meeting and briefing notes, and interviews with community researchers.

Results

The data analysis resulted in several key promising practices: Kaumātua mana motuhake (kaumātua independence and autonomy) where community researchers centred the needs of kaumātua in co-designing the programme with researchers; Whanaungatanga (relationships and connectedness) which illustrated how community researchers’ existing and emerging relationships with kaumātua, research partners, and each other facilitated the implementation process; and Whakaoti Rapanga (problem-solving) which centred on the joint problem-solving undertaken by the community and university researchers, particularly around safety issues. These results illustrate content, process, and relationship issues associated with implementation effectiveness.

Conclusions

This study showed that relational factors are central to the co-design process and also offers an example of a braided river, or He Awa Whiria, approach to implementation. The study offers a valuable case study in how to translate, adapt, and implement a research-based health programme to Indigenous community settings through co-design processes.

Trial registration

The project was registered on 6 March 2020 with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12620000316909. Prospectively registered.
Comparative study between one-stage versus three-stage repair of anorectal malformation with recto-vestibular fistula
Authors: Gad Mostafa , Farghaly Mohamed Ashraf , Abdullateef Khaled S. , Abdelazim Osama , Elfiky Mahmoud M. A. , Sattar Ayman Hussien A. , Kaddah Sherif Nabhan , Ragab Moutaz
Published: November 2022

Background

This is a retrospective comparative study that aimed to compare the short-term and intermediate-term outcomes of the one-stage and three-stage repair in the treatment of female neonates with a recto-vestibular fistula. Female patients who were presented with recto-vestibular fistula between 2017 and 2020 have been included in the study, and they were divided into two groups. Group A is the group of patients that underwent one-stage repair, and Group B is the group of patients that underwent three-stage repair. Short- and intermediate-term outcomes were recorded in both groups and the results were compared.

Results

Thirty-six female infants with recto-vestibular fistula were included in our study divided into two groups. Group A included 20 cases for whom we performed one-stage posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, and Group B also included 16 cases for whom the three-stage repair was done. The results showed that the three-stage repair had lower hospital stay (8 days) than the one-stage repair (15 days), and the three-stage repair has lower rates of wound infection, wound dehiscence, and recurrence than the one-stage repair.

Conclusion

The three-stage repair of anorectal malformations in females with recto-vestibular fistula is a safer technique, has lower rates of complications, and achieves comparable functional results to the one-stage repair.
Κατερίνα Μαριδάκη-Κασσωτάκη: In memoriam
Authors: Κόκκινος Κωνσταντίνος Μ. , Αντωνοπούλου Κατερίνα
Published: November 2022

Το παρόν άρθρο αρχικά παρουσιάζει μια σύντομη περιγραφή των εργασιών  που περιλαμβάνονται στο ειδικό αυτό αφιερωματικό τεύχος και συνεχίζει με την περιεκτική αναφορά στο έργο της Κατερίνας Μαριδάκη – Κασσωτάκη. Ακολούθως καταγράφει και συζητά τις τρέχουσες επιστημονικές εξελίξεις στο πεδίο της έρευνας για τη γονικότητα και την ανάπτυξη παιδιών και εφήβων, σε συνδυασμό με τα πορίσματα των ερευνητικών μελετών της Μαριδάκη-Κασσωτάκη ενσωματώνοντας ταυτόχρονα τα όσα προκύπτουν από τα άρθρα του ειδικού τεύχους.
Safety, quality, and nutritional aspect of smoked barracuda fish
Authors: Swastawati Fronthea , Riyadi Putut Har , Kurniasih Retno Ayu , Setiaputri Aninditya Artina , Sholehah Defita Faridlotus
Published: November 2022

Background: Barracuda fish has a superior nutritional content, so it can be utilized as raw material for smoked fish products. The smoking method most commonly applied in Indonesia is traditional smoking. The traditional smoking process implemented commercially in Indonesia still uses simple equipment and sanitation is typically not monitored. Traditional smoking used at high temperatures can cause contamination of the products, such as with chemicals and microbes. Liquid smoke can be used to overcome these disadvantages. The study aimed to evaluate the nutritional, chemical, and microbial content of fresh and smoked barracuda processed using different smoking methods, namely traditional and liquid smoke.

Methods: Barracuda fish were smoked using different smoking methods, traditional and liquid smoke. The traditional method used a simple smoking furnace, while the liquid smoke method was carried out by immersing the fish in a 5% liquid smoke solution. Then, the smoked barracuda were analyzed with various methods, such as proximate, heavy metals, histamine, benzo[a]pyrene, and total microbes (TPC). Data was analyzed using ANOVA at significance level (p < 0.05) followed by Duncan’s test models using SPSS v.16.

Results: Smoked fish treated with liquid smoke had a lower value of Arsenic heavy metal (As), at 0.73 mg/kg compared to the traditional method at 1.93 mg/kg; no histamine and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds were detected, namely benzo[a]pyrene; and liquid smoked fish can inhibit the growth of bacteria which can be seen from total bacteria value of 4.6 x 10 colonies/g

Conclusions: Smoked fish processed using a liquid smoke was safer for consumption by the consumer.
Evaluating the impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus immunisation strategies on antibiotic use and drug resistant bacterial infections in England
Authors: Atkins Katherine E. , Hodgson David , Jit Mark , Davies Nicholas G.
Published: November 2022

Background: Vaccines against viruses have been proposed as a novel means to reduce antibiotic use, which would, in turn, decrease selection for antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, the impact of this intervention is poorly quantified, and likely depends on setting-specific epidemiology. Therefore, with increasing confidence in a new vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), it is important to quantify the impact of these vaccines on antibiotic prescribing and any downstream reduction in drug resistant bacterial infections.

Methods: Here we integrate results from a dynamic transmission model of RSV and a statistical attribution framework to capture the impact of RSV vaccines on the reduction in antibiotic prescribing due to averted primary care visits in England.

Results: Under base case assumptions, we find that the most impactful RSV vaccine strategy targets children aged 5–14 years, resulting in an annual reduction of 10.9 (8.0–14.2) antibiotic courses per 10,000 person years across the entire population, equivalent to reducing annual all-cause primary care prescribing by 0.23%. Our results suggest that this reduction in antibiotic use would gain 130 disability-adjusted life years and avert £51,000 associated with drug resistant bacterial infections. Seasonally administering monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to high-risk infants under 6 months is the most efficient strategy, reducing per person year antibiotic prescribing by 2.6 (1.9–3.3) antibiotic courses per 1,000 mAb courses.

Conclusions: Under optimistic conditions, the cost-effectiveness of RSV vaccine strategies in England would likely not be altered by integrating the benefits of preventing drug resistant infections in addition to RSV disease prevention.
A Review of Rat Models of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head Treated with Natural Extracts
Authors: Kim Go-Woon , Park Hyoung-Yong , Park Yeon-Cheol
Published: November 2022

To determine the effect of Korean medicine treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) this study reviewed both single ingredients and bioactive compounds in the treatment of ANFH in a rat model. Literature was retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords “femur head necrosis,” “natural extract,” and “rat.” The data from studies analyzed included: rats’ characteristics, development methods of ANFH, natural extracts administration, observation methods, and outcome indicators. Two independent researchers screened all articles retrieved and 26 studies were chosen. The most used rat species was the Sprague Dawley rat (76.9%). To induce ANFH, steroid injections (46.2%), and oral gavage (53.8%) were typically used. Studies focused mainly on factors affecting bone formation (65.3%), and apoptosis (53.8%). Research on ANFH focused on using traditional natural substances mentioned in classical literature to confirm its effectiveness against anti-inflammation, osteogenesis, and cell death. ANFH has a diverse etiology, therefore research models such as genetic analysis of human-derived samples from ANFH patients may shed more light on the condition. Moreover, research into herbal medicines and pharmacoacupuncture treatment of ANFH should precede.
Nanoengineered nickel-based ultrathin metamaterial absorber for the visible and short-infrared spectrum
Authors: Bilal Rana Muhammad Hasan , Zakir Subhan , Naveed Muhammad Ashar , Zubair Muhammad , Mehmood Muhammad Qasim , Massoud Yehia
Published: November 2022

Nanostructured-based broadband perfect absorbers are of great interest in a wide range of applications, including spectroscopy, energy harvesting, and thermal photonics, etc. Here, a planar square meta-ring of nickel (Ni) is presented, which has the potential to absorb a large operational wavelength starting from 400 nm to 3000 nm. The proposed device model comprises a configuration of three layers with a top and bottom metal of Ni and a middle dielectric layer of aluminium nitride (AlN). The designed square ring metamaterial absorber (SRMMA) can attain an average absorption value of more than 90% over a large waveband from 400-3000 nm. Moreover, it can also maintain its absorption value up to 70% for oblique incident angles for both the wave polarization cases (TE and TM). Furthermore, it also exhibits the polarization-insensitive absorption response under the influence of different polarization angles, which is attributed to the four-fold symmetry in the geometry of the square meta-ring. Furthermore, our SRMMA also reduces fabrication complexity and cost due to its simplified design architecture. These promising features of the proposed SRMMA may have widespread applications in solar energy harvesting, thermal emission, and other optoelectronic devices.
Noisy quantum gyroscope
Authors: Jiao Lin , An Jun-Hong
Published: November 2022

Gyroscope for rotation sensing plays a key role in inertial navigation systems. Developing more precise gyroscopes than the conventional ones bounded by the classical shot-noise limit by using quantum resources has attracted much attention. However, existing quantum gyroscope schemes suffer severe deterioration under the influence of decoherence, which is called the no-go theorem of noisy metrology. Here, by using two quantized optical fields as the quantum probe, we propose a quantum gyroscope scheme breaking through the constraint of the no-go theorem. Our exact analysis of the non-Markovian noise reveals that both the evolution time as a resource in enhancing the sensitivity and the achieved super-Heisenberg limit in the noiseless case are asymptotically recoverable when each optical field forms a bound state with its environment. The result provides a guideline for realizing high-precision rotation sensing in realistic noisy environments.
Nonlinear photonics with metasurfaces
Authors: Vabishchevich Polina , Kivshar Yuri
Published: November 2022

Nonlinear optics is a well-established field of research that traditionally relies on the interaction of light with macroscopic nonlinear media over distances significantly greater than the wavelength of light. However, the recently emerged field of optical metasurfaces provides a novel platform for studying nonlinear phenomena in planar geometries. Nonlinear optical metasurfaces introduce new functionalities to the field of nonlinear optics extending them beyond perturbative regimes of harmonic generation and parametric frequency conversion, being driven by mode-matching, resonances, and relaxed phase-matching conditions. Here we review the very recent advances in the rapidly developing field of nonlinear metasurface photonics, emphasizing multi-frequency and cascading effects, asymmetric and chiral frequency conversion, nonperturbative nonlinear regimes, and nonlinear quantum photonics, empowered by the physics of Mie resonances and optical bound states in the continuum.
Multi-wavelength random fiber laser with a spectral-flexible characteristic
Authors: Li Sicheng , Xu Jiangming , Liang Junrui , Ye Jun , Zhang Yang , Ma Xiaoya , Leng Jinyong , Zhou Pu
Published: November 2022

In past decades, multi-wavelength lasers have attracted much attention due to their wide applications in many fields. In this paper, we demonstrate a multi-wavelength random fiber laser with customizable spectra enabled by an acousto–optic tunable filter. The operating wavelength range can be tuned from 1114.5 to 1132.5 nm with a maximal output power of 5.55 W, and spectral channel tuning can also be realized with a maximal number of five. The effect of gain competition and the interaction between Raman gain and insertion loss are also analyzed. Furthermore, the output spectra can be ordered by radiating appropriate radio frequency signals to the acousto–optic tunable filter. This work may provide a reference for agile shape spectrum generation and promote multi-wavelength random fiber laser practicability in sensing, telecommunications, and precise spectroscopy.
Gender, Sexuality and the Law School
Authors: Ashford Chris
Published: November 2022

This article will focus on exploring gender and sexuality within the law school. Largely silent from Twining’s ‘grand tour’, these two areas are now key parts of the law school landscape, having become firmly established as key elements of law school discourse and legal scholarship in the years since Blackstone’s Tower was published. The Blackstone’s Tower of Twining’s imagination was, Twining suggested, ‘holding up a mirror to a familiar world’, and it was a world that made only passing reference to gender and no reference to sexuality. Feminism is mentioned twice in 244 pages, whilst queer—still emergent within legal scholarship in 1994—is not referenced at all. A once radical and vital text can perhaps appear antiquated to today’s readers. Yet, this should not be regarded as a criticism of the text but rather a reflection of how the law school and legal scholarship has transformed since 1994. Whether in the number of gender and/or sexuality and law courses that now permeate through the UK law school, or the extraordinary growth first of feminist scholarship and more recently queer scholarship, the law school has been profoundly impacted by socio-legal shifts in gender and sexuality research. This is scholarship that does not merely serve as ‘another’ theory or an addendum to jurisprudence, for these theories have offered the ability to reshape the very architecture of the law school and to re-imagine Blackstone’s Tower for what it is and what it can be. This article seeks to explore that journey and offer a glimpse of future possibilities.

Keywords: legal education; gender; sexuality; queer; feminism; gay; pedagogy; LGBTQ; teaching.
Blackstone’s Tower Revisited
Authors: Collier Richard
Published: November 2022

The years since the publication of Blackstone’s Tower have witnessed an explosion of international scholarship on university law schools and legal academics. More recently, the UK, as elsewhere, has seen the emergence of a distinct interdisciplinary body of work termed ‘critical university studies’ seeking to explore multifarious dimensions of what has been widely termed the marketization of universities and their law schools; a process well under way by the time Blackstone’s Tower first appeared but which has since gathered pace. This article will explore the nature of these changes and, more specifically, assess their impact on a subject that has itself become the focus of increasing political and policy debate across the higher education sector over the past decade; the wellbeing and mental health of those who inhabit the contemporary university.

Focusing specifically on legal academics, the subject of a growing body of recent research, the article will chart both changes and continuities that have occurred within understandings of legal academic wellbeing since Blackstone’s Tower was published; and, interweaving a discussion of the impact of the global pandemic of 2020 on wellbeing in university law schools, taking place at the time of writing, consider how Covid-19 is reshaping our understandings both of the ‘private life’ of the law school, as discussed by Fiona Cownie, and of legal academic wellbeing as a focus of socio-legal study.

Keywords: legal academics; wellbeing; mental health; UK universities; legal profession; marketization; critical university studies.
The Plain Meaning Rule and Transitional Provisions in Legislation
Authors: Simamba Bilika H
Published: November 2022

In the Cayman Islands, a British Overseas Territory, the Grand Court, purportedly applying the plain meaning rule, held that the Health Services Authority Law barred suits against government hospitals unless there was bad faith. Within about six weeks, the Government amended the provision to expressly add negligence as a ground of suit. An attempt to apply the amended legislation to the case that led to the amendment failed. This note examines whether the plain meaning rule was properly applied and the extent to which matters pending before courts and other public authorities can be affected by new legislation.

Keywords: presumption against retrospectivity; transitional; procedural legislation; vested rights; pending; immediate effect; Hansard; retrospective; retroactive.
Law’s Invisible Women
Authors: Mitchell Lynsey , Weldon-Johns Michelle
Published: November 2022

This article examines the unintended gendered consequences of lockdown on women’s rights, particularly those related to women’s work, health and wellbeing. Situating this assessment within wider feminist legal scholarship, which exposes the gendered nature of law and the tendency to legislate in a way that prioritizes a privileged male legal subject, we argue that legislation and subsequent decisions fail to centre women’s lived experiences and so deprioritize women’s needs. We ultimately argue that lessons need to be learned regarding how post-pandemic responses are implemented to mitigate the impacts on women and ensure gender is mainstreamed within the law-making process.

Keywords: women; Covid-19; flexible working; care; telemedicine; abortion; gender mainstreaming.
Legal Unreasonableness after Li—A Place for Proportionality
Authors: Besanko Anthony J
Published: November 2022

Substantive legal unreasonableness as a ground of judicial review of the exercise of an administrative discretionary power was not often successful in Australia due to the strictness of Lord Greene’s formulation of the test in Wednesbury. In 2013, the High Court of Australia reformulated the test in Minister for Immigration and Citizenship v Li. That gives rise to questions as to how certain and transparent a test of legal reasonableness can be. The courts in England have considered similar questions concerning Wednesbury unreasonableness often accompanied by a consideration of proportionality principles. This article examines those questions and the extent to which the Australian courts may follow developments in England.
EFEITOS DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO ANTRÓPICA SOBRE AS ÁGUAS DO RIO NEGRO, NA CIDADE DE MANAUS, ESTADO DO AMAZONAS
Authors: Neta Pinto Antônia Gomes , Silva Maria do Socorro Rocha da , Pascoaloto Domitila , Santos Helder Manuel da Costa
Published: November 2022

O rio Negro, na orla de Manaus, recebe se seus tributários urbanos efluentes domésticos e industriais, que influem na qualidade da água. Com o intuito de avaliar o efeito da ação antrópica no rio Negro, foram analisadas variáveis físicas e químicas e os quantificou o teor de metais Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb e Zn. Os resultados mostraram descaracterização das condições naturais na foz dos igarapés São Raimundo (FISR) e Educandos (FIE) e a jusante destes (JIE), que são os dois maiores tributários urbanos e receptores de esgotos domésticos e efluentes industriais. Dos meais somente cobre e zinco estão abaixo do limite máximo desejável para águas destinadas ao abastecimento público, preconizado pela portaria 518 do Ministério da Saúde. No entanto, apesar da poluição dos tributários urbanos, o rio Negro, mantém, ainda, sua capacidade de diluir os poluentes, principalmente, no período de maior volume de água.
VARIATION OF THE OCCUPIED AREA BY RIPARIAN ZONE ACCORDING TO CONSIDERED WIDTH
Authors: Silveira Felipe Muniz , Silva Alexandre Marco da , Ikematsu Priscila , Bomback Michele , Paula Fabíolla Pereira de , Nogueira Davi Pajaro , Alvez Sérgio Henrique
Published: November 2022

Considering that the riparian vegetation provides many "ecological services" and such services vary according to this width, in this study we surveyed some morphometrical parameters of the Sorocaba city, as well as we estimated the area and respective percentage occupied by riparian zone according to the riparian buffer width. The considered width values were: 30, 45, 60 and 90 meters. Two digital cartographic bases were used: hydrographic and headwater maps. These two maps were joined and the maps containing the buffer zones were created. Considering 30 m width, the buffer zone occupies area of 92.2 km2, corresponding to 20.4% of the study area. For 45 m width, the area was 118.9 km2 (26.1%). For 60 m width, the area was 141.2 km2 (30.9%) and for 90 m width the area was 199 km2 (43.7%). Additionally, it was possible to create the Riparian Buffer Index that permits to estimate, using the total channels length, the destined area to be reforested according to the desired riparian buffer width, as well as the costs of this project.
MONITORAMENTO DE PROCESSOS EROSIVOS EM PARCELAS EXPERIMENTAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE UBERLÂNDIA - MG
Authors: Pinese Júnior José Fernando , Cruz Lísia Moreira
Published: November 2022

A paisagem do Cerrado vem sendo, cada vez mais, degradada pela ação dos processos erosivos, que são agravados pela ação antrópica, principalmente por intensificar as práticas agrícolas. Portanto, este trabalho tem o objetivo de monitorar e analisar diferentes tipos de vegetação na contenção da erosão ou na recuperação de áreas degradadas no município de Uberlândia. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido na Fazenda Experimental do Glória/ UFU, em parcelas experimentais ou parcelas de erosão com diferentes tipos de vegetação, coletando-se dados de umidade, escoamento superficial e transporte de sedimentos. Essas análises permitem visualizar e comparar as diferenças entre as parcelas, quanto aos diferentes usos e manejo da terra.
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO, ESTATUTO DA CIDADE E PLANO DIRETOR: MÉTODOS E INSTRUMENTOS DE ORGANIZAÇÃO E GESTÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO
Authors: Faria Leonardo Rocha de
Published: November 2022

Análise da aplicação do denominado "planejamento estratégico", considerando a visão globalizada na qual inserem-se as cidades contemporâneas, destacando-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento das cidades sob o enfoque da dinâmica global. Abordagem da importância dos Planos Diretores como instrumentos importantes na consecução do ordenamento urbano, na regulação de uso do solo, de modo a conferir ao cidadão melhor qualidade de vida e propiciar a ocupação do território de forma mais igualitária e justa. Exposição dos dispositivos legais trazidos pela Lei nº 10.257/01 - o denominado Estatuto da Cidade, que veio reforçar o direito às cidades sustentáveis, propondo a adoção de instrumentos legais para a sua gestão, observando-se os seus aspectos sociais, ambientais e urbanísticos.
ANÁLISE DE CONFLITO ENTRE LEGISLAÇÃO E USO DA TERRA: AVALIAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITABIRA, MG
Authors: Silva Sandro Heleno Lage da , Braga Francisco de Assis , Fonseca Alysson Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

Este estudo teve por objetivos mapear e quantificar as áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), previstas na Lei Federal 4771/65, no município de Itabira, Minas Gerais, através do uso de ferramentas de geoprocessamento, e identificar usos conflituosos frente à legislação. Os dados revelaram que 42% do território itabirano é legalmente definido como APP. Destas áreas, 59% se encontram em uso conflituoso, onde predomina a pastagem, presente em 46% das APPs do município. Em média, a taxa de ocupação conflituosa em APP por tipo de uso do solo é superior a 36%, sendo 53% e 4% os valores extremos, referentes à mineração e ao uso industrial, respectivamente.
COLETA SELETIVA DE LIXO DOMICILIAR - ESTUDO DE CASOS
Authors: Ribeiro Túlio Franco , Lima Samuel do Carmo
Published: November 2022

O lixo, também chamado de rejeito, passa por um processo de exclusão: ele é

"posto fora de casaâ€? e deve cumprir ritos de passagem, respeitando regras próprias. Assim, não pode ser deixado em qualquer lugar. Deve ser acondicionado em sacos e latas de lixo, havendo horários estabelecidos para o seu recolhimento. Lixo é um conjunto heterogêneo de elementos desprezados durante um dado processo e, pela forma como é tratado, assume um caráter depreciativo, sendo associado à sujeira, repugnância, pobreza, falta de educação e outras conotações negativas.
MUNICÍPIO, DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO E DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DO GOVERNO
Authors: Pinto Georges José
Published: November 2022

The aim of this article is to contribute for better understanding Brazilian little municipal districts, detaching its history, creation and difficulties to construct its geographic space.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E MANEJO SUSTENTÁVEL DO SOLO NA BACIA DO RIO UBERABA (MG)
Authors: Cruz Leila Beatriz Silva , Paterniani José Euclides Stipp , Carvalho Renato Muniz Barretto de
Published: November 2022

The objective of this stud is characterization and the proposition of the maintainable handling of the soil. They were important procedures in the composition of the diagnosis of the environmental quality on Uberaba river basin in the township of Uberaba-MG. The base of data was developed by the System of Geographical Information - software Idrisi, field visits and literary revision, gathering information on the inadequate practices of soil use. The results obtained with the analyses of the plans of information, allowed the knowledge of the areas potentially sensitive to the erosion and with erosive processes in progress, being suggested the recovery and preservation of the native vegetable covering.
A DESCONCENTRAÇÃO INDUSTRIAL NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO E A EXPANSÃO DO COMÉRCIO E DO SETOR DE SERVIÇOS
Authors: Cleps Geisa Daise Gumiero
Published: November 2022

This research try to look for the process of industrial disconcentration occurred in São Paulo state, since 1970, and the trade and service sector development. It brings a raise of the key factors that causes the interiorization of industrial activities in this state and another brazilian regions. According to economic development accepted for the coutry and their awn disconcentration of industrial activity, this work still search to discuss the trade and service and service sector discincentration.