bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation of the chondromalatia patellae to proximal tibial anatomical parameters, assessed with MRI
Authors: Tabary Mohammadreza , Esfahani Azadehsadat , Nouraie Mehdi , Babaei Mohammad Reza , Khoshdel Ali Reza , Araghi Farnaz , Shahrezaee Mostafa
Published: May 2020

Background

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive highly sensitive tool for diagnosing chondromalacia patellae in the early stages. Many studies have evaluated patellar and trochlear morphology with different radiologic indices. We aimed to assess the discriminative power of tibial, patellar, and femoral indices in MRI for chondromalacia patellae.

Patients and methods

100 cases of chondromalacia, as well as 100 age-matched controls among the patients who underwent knee MRI between February 2017 and March 2019, were included. The standard protocol of knee MRI was applied and the diagnosis of chondromalacia was made on MRI findings. Chondromalacia subjects were also classified as grade 1 to 4 according to the Modified Outerbridge’s MRI grading system. We measured 25 MRI parameters in the knee and adjacent structures to determine the relation between chondromalacia patellae and anatomical MRI parameters.

Results

Tibial slope, trochlear depth, lateral trochlear inclination, and lateral patellar tilt angle had significant correlation with chondromalacia. Any increase in lateral trochlear inclination and lateral patellar tilt angle could increase the probability of the disease (Odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03–1.30; 1.02–1.26, respectively), while any increase in medial tibial slope and trochlear depth could decrease the probability of chondromalacia (OR 0.85, 0.06; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98, 0.02–0.17, respectively). We also designed a model for the severity of disease by using the patellar height index (relative odds ratio: 75.9).

Conclusions

The result of this study showed the novelty role of tibial anatomy in developing chondromalacia and its mechanism. We also concluded that patellar height might be an important factor in defining disease severity.
Dietary iodine intake, therapy with radioiodine, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Besic Nikola , Gazic Barbara
Published: May 2020

Background

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumors. The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between a higher dietary intake of iodine, frequency of ATC and the characteristics of ATC, and to find out how often patients with ATC had a history of radioiodine (RAI) therapy.

Patients and methods

This retrospective study included 220 patients (152 females, 68 males; mean age 68 years) with ATC who were treated in our country from 1972 to 2017. The salt was iodinated with 10 mg of potassium iodide/ kg before 1999, and with 25 mg of potassium iodide/kg thereafter. The patients were assorted into 15-year periods: 1972–1986, 1987–2001, and 2002–2017.

Results

The incidence of ATC decreased after a higher iodination of salt (p = 0.04). Patients are nowadays older (p = 0.013) and have less frequent lymph node metastases (p = 0.012). The frequency of distant metastases did not change over time. The median survival of patients in the first, second, and third periods was 3, 4, and 3 months, respectively (p < 0.05). The history of RAI therapy was present in 7.7% of patients.

Conclusions

The number of patients with a history of RAI therapy did not change statistically over time. The incidence of ATC in Slovenia decreased probably because of higher salt iodination.
Investigating Energy Use, Environment Pollution, and Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Authors: Abdollahi Hooman
Published: May 2020

Attaining continuous economic growth entails special consideration of energy sector and the environment. Compliance with this purpose may be more intricate in the uncertain milieu of developing countries. The present paper examines the nature of causality between energy consumption, environment pollution, and economic growth in 8 contiguous developing countries, considering GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, energy use, labour force, total population, urban population, capital formation, financial development, and trade openness. The author applied spatial simultaneous equations for random effects panel data to investigate the spatial interactions of adjacent countries over the period from 1998 to 2011. The findings reveal that energy consumption, environment degradation, and economic growth of a country influence those of its neighbours. Additionally, the results document bidirectional causal relationship between economic growth and environment pollution, as well as between environment pollution and energy consumption. Thus, there is a bidirectional relationship between energy use and economic growth. Fossil fuels replacement with renewable energy and usage of tax instruments to reduce greenhouse gas are recommended.
Sedikit Tentang Golongan-Golongan Di Dalam Masyarakat Jawa Kuno
Authors: Casparis J.G. de
Published: May 2020

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PERAN KETERLIBATAN HIJABERS DI MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP PERILAKU BELANJA ONLINE BUSANA MUSLIM
Authors: Briliana Vita , Deitiana Tita , Mursito Nurwanti
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui mengidentifikasi keterlibatan hijabers di social media dikarenakan motivasi, peluang, kemampuan dan suka terhadap perilaku belanja online. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengguna Facebook dalam rangka bertransaksi belanja online khususnya busana muslim. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 316 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis SEM (Smart-PLS). Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa motivasi, kemampuan dan suka mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap keterlibatan media sosial dalam belanja online dikalangan hijabers. Sementara peluang tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap keterlibatan di media sosial.  The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of motivation, opportunity, ability, and likes on social media involvement for online shopping. The population in this study is the Facebook users in order to transact online shopping, especially Muslim fashion. Sampling method in this research is purposive sampling with 316 respondents. Data analysis techniques use SEM (Smart-PLS) analysis. The results stated that motivation, ability, and likes have a positive influence on involvement in social media through online shopping among hijabsta. While opportunities have no influence on involvement in social media.
A 27-year-old man with recurrent sinopulmonary and cutaneous infections
Authors: Wu Shan Shan , Sanan Neha , Schend Jason , Rowane Marija , Hostoffer Robert W.
Published: May 2020

The increasing availability of genetic testing for modern immunologists in the evaluation of immune diseases could provide a definite diagnosis in elusive cases. A 27-year-old white male patient presented to the clinic with recurrent sinopulmonary and cutaneous infections since childhood.
The patient’s mother had seronegative polyarthritis, and one of two sisters of the patient had chronic sinopulmonary infections. Serum immunoglobulins, immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses, lymphocyte subset markers, mannose-binding lectin, mitogen and antigen stimulation, bacteriophage
study, and Streptococcus pneumoniae titers to 23 serotypes were all normal. B-cell phenotyping revealed a decrease in both nonswitched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgD+) and switched memory B-cells (CD19+CD27+IgD−). Genetic
testing and the improvement of clinical symptoms after IgG replacement led to the final diagnosis.
Contribution to the knowledge of melliferous plants: Ethno apicultural survey with beekeepers in the District of Ziguinchor, Kolda and Sedhiou (Senegal)
Authors: Diatta Kady , Diatta William , Fall Alioune Dior , Dieng Serigne Ibra mbacké , Mbaye Amadou Ibrahima , Bassène Emmanuel
Published: May 2020

An ethno-apicultural survey was carried out for the plant species pollinated by honey bees in the green district of Casamance (South Senegal). This survey followed a well-established questionnaire concerning beekeepers in these areas. The listed melliferous flora was made of 61 species either. It’s divided into 58 genera and 30 families though the most represented are in decreasing order Fabaceae with 12 species (19.67%) followed by Rutaceae and Malvaceae with 4 species (6.55% each), Arecaceae, Anacardiaceae, Combretaceae, Gramineae, Myrtaceae, with 3 species (4.91% each), then Chrysobalanaceae, Lamiaceae, Meliaceae and Rubiaceae with 2 species (3.27% each) and then Acanthaceae, Asteraceae, Canabaceae, Verbenaceae, Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Annonaceae, Hymenocardiaceae, Icacinaceae, Lauraceae, Moringaceae, Musaceae, Celastraceae, Rhizophoraceae, Sapindaceae, Sterculiceae, Moraceae, Ochnaceae, with 1 species (1.63% each). Melliferous plants include 47.54% nectariferous plants followed by nectariferous polliniferous plants with 37.70% and finally polliniferous species with 14.75%. This study enabled us to identify eight (08) species with high melliferous value. To enhance the value of these plants, further studies on foraging activity and nectar production will be led to prove their real melliferous potential.
Solución del problema de planeamiento de la expansión de redes de transmisión de energía eléctrica mediante un algoritmo genético y programación lineal y no linea
Authors: Bolaños Ricardo A. , Correa Carlos Adrián , Granada Auricio
Published: May 2020

En este artículo se propone un enfoque eficiente para la reducción del esfuerzo computacional asociado a la solución del problema de planeamiento de la expansión de redes de transmisión de energía eléctrica. Este enfoque utiliza un método de punto interior no lineal para iniciar la población de un algoritmo genético que resuelve de manera iterativa el problema de inversión. Desde el inicio de la solución, las configuraciones generadas son de alta calidad y se encuentran localizadas en puntos estratégicos del espacio solución de modo que pueden Disposition: form-data; name="art_resumen" En este artículo se propone un enfoque eficiente para la reducción del esfuerzo computacional asociado a la solución del problema de planeamiento de la expansión de redes de transmisión de energía eléctrica. Este enfoque utiliza un método de punto interior no lineal para iniciar la población de un algoritmo genético que resuelve de manera iterativa el problema de inversión. Desde el inicio de la solución, las configuraciones generadas son de alta calidad y se encuentran localizadas en puntos estratégicos del espacio solución de modo que pueden evolucionar hacia regiones óptimas. El plan de inversión del algoritmo genético se evaluó para el sistema de transmisión a través de un método de punto interior lineal. El enfoque propuesto se puso a prueba con los sistemas IEEE de 6 y 24 nodos y con el sistema sur-brasilero de 46 nodos. Se obtuvo un excelente desempeño del algoritmo genético para estos sistemas y se requirió un menor esfuerzo computacional para la solución del problema.
Síntesis de carveol, carvona, verbenol y verbenona
Authors: Barrera Rolando De J. , Alarcón Edwin A. , González Lina M. , Villa Aída L. , Montes de Correa Consuelo
Published: May 2020

Se presenta una revisión sobre los principales sistemas catalíticos para la síntesis de carveol, carvona, verbenol y verbenona reportados entre 1990 y 2007. Estos compuestos se utilizan en la industria farmacéutica y de alimentos para la producción de fragancias y saborizantes. La creciente demanda de estos productos y la tendencia a nivel mundial de implementar procesos amigables con el ambiente hacen necesario mantener esfuerzos en la búsqueda de sistemas catalíticos de síntesis que resulten económica y técnicamente viables. Se hace énfasis en la oxidación alílica de limoneno y a-pineno. Además, se presentan los avances más recientes de nuestro grupo de investigación en el estudio de reacciones catalíticas basadas en las ftalocianinas.
Estimación de curvas de carga en transformadores eléctricos mediante redes neuronales
Authors: González Ramírez Xiomara , Perea Meneses Ángela M. , Caicedo Gladys N. , Castro Ferley
Published: May 2020

Las curvas de carga en transformadores eléctricos se emplean para cuantificar las pérdidas en sistemas de distribución de energía, para establecer tarifas de cobro que varíen según la hora del día en que ocurre el consumo y para optimizar el uso de los transformadores. En este artículo se presenta un método para estimar las curvas de carga en transformadores de distribución. A partir de mediciones realizadas en una muestra de transformadores y de la información disponible en la base de datos comercial de una empresa de distribución de energía eléctrica, se entrenó una red neuronal por medio de una herramienta computacional basada en MATLAB. El método de estimación de las curvas de carga se implementó en el sistema de distribución de energía eléctrica de la ciudad de Buenaventura, Colombia. El aprendizaje de la red neuronal y el método para la estimación de las curvas de carga se validaron a través de su aplicación a un conjunto de transformadores distintos a los utilizados para el entrenamiento de la red neuronal, obteniéndose una precisión mayor al 90 % en la estimación de las curvas de carga. En comparación con métodos tradicionales, el método presentado en este trabajo permite estimar la curva de carga de cualquier transformador de distribución de un modo más económico y preciso.
Influencia del tiempo de almacenamiento en las propiedades estructurales de un almidón termoplástico de yuca (TPS)
Authors: Mina Jose H. , Valadez Alex , Herrera Franco Pedro J. , Toledano Tanit
Published: May 2020

En este trabajo se estudia el cambio temporal en las propiedades estructurales de un almidón termoplástico de yuca (TPS). Las muestras se secaron a 60 ºC por 12 horas y se almacenaron en un desecador a 25ºC y 54% de humedad relativa. Se evaluaron las propiedades mecánicas y fisicoquímicas del material a diferentes tiempos. Con el proceso de plastificación del almidón se generó una masa predominantemente amorfa evidenciada por SEM, XRD y FTIR. Así mismo, con XRD se revelan vestigios de cristalinidad residual tipo C y la formación de una nueva fase cristalina tipo VH , debida a la orientación inducida con la plastificación. Iniciando el acondicionamiento, la resistencia a tensión disminuye y la deformación aumenta, mientras que en una etapa posterior el comportamiento del material se invierte. Durante todo el almacenamiento hay aumentos graduales del índice de cristalinidad, determinado por la razón de alturas deel acondicionamiento, la resistencia a tensión disminuye y la deformación aumenta, mientras que en una etapa posterior el comportamiento del material se invierte. Durante todo el almacenamiento hay aumentos graduales del índice de cristalinidad, determinado por la razón de alturas de las bandas FTIR (1047 y 1022 cm-1) asociadas a componentes cristalinos y amorfos del TPS. Los resultados sugieren que simultáneamente coexisten dos procesos opuestos: la re-cristalización (retrogradación) que rigidiza el material y la plastificación que lo ablanda, predominando este último mecanismo a edades cortas e invirtiéndose para tiempos mayores.
Biodiesel a partir de aceite de higuerilla utilizando lipasa inmovilizada
Authors: Palomino Alejandra , Bocanegra Claudia C. , López Jorge E. , Flórez Luz M.
Published: May 2020

Se analizó la transesterificación del aceite higuerilla con metanol, usando lipasa inmovilizada Mucor miehei como catalizador de la reacción y un aditivo solvente. Para evaluar el proceso y las condiciones de la reacción química, se aplicó un diseño de experimentos estadístico, variando las concentraciones del catalizador y del aditivo. Considerando que la viscosidad y el índice de acidez tienen un fuerte efecto sobre las características del biodiesel proveniente del aceite de higuerilla, estos parámetros se tomaron como variables de respuesta. Se encontró que las mejores condiciones de operación ocurren manteniendo una concentración en peso de enzimas cercanas al 13% y una concentración en volumen de aditivo promedio de 30%. Con éstas condiciones, la viscosidad tiene valores cercanos a 59 mm2/s y el índice de acidez a 6 mg de NaOH por gramo de muestra. En el rango de las condiciones encontradas más apropiadas, se caracterizaron los métil ésteres durante el transcurso de la reacción. La conversión más rápida de la reacción tuvo lugar en las primeras cuatro horas (más de 30% en peso de ésteres metílicos en los productos), luego ésta velocidad disminuye progresivamente hasta obtener valores de ésteres metílicos mayores al 45% alrededor de las siete horas.
Incertidumbre paramétrica en modelos dinámicos de estructuras civiles
Authors: Moreno Claudia P. , Thomson Peter
Published: May 2020

El análisis dinámico es un procedimiento esencial para diseñar una estructura sujeta a cargas dinámicas. Su objetivo es determinar la respuesta estructural e interpretar los resultados teóricos para obtener un diseño adecuado para la estructura. Sin embargo, la existencia de incertidumbres asociadas a parámetros geométricos, propiedades de materiales y dinámica no modelada, que afectan la respuesta dinámica de la estructura, actualmente no son consideradas en los modelos estructurales. Aunque se han desarrollado diferentes herramientas para el tratamiento de incertidumbre en sistemas, la incertidumbre estructurada resulta idónea para ser incorporada en modelos estructurales debido a que permite modelar las variaciones tanto en parámetros físicos como en la dinámica no considerada en los sistemas dinámicos. Este trabajo presenta una descripción de incertidumbre paramétrica para un modelo de tribuna metálica construido en la Escuela de Ingeniería Civil y Geomática de la Universidad del Valle. Los resultados muestran que el modelo analítico con incertidumbre es capaz de representar un conjunto de modelos identificados a partir de ensayos de vibración forzada mediante la variación de los parámetros de masa y amortiguamiento.
Modelo computacional 3D para estimar variables eléctricas inducidas en un cultivo in vitro estimulado por campos magnéticos de baja frecuencia
Authors: Moncada María E. , Pinedo Carlos R. , Criollo William D. , Gutiérrez Jose O. , Cadavid Hector
Published: May 2020

Los modelos computacionales son un área en continuo desarrollo e investigación que se usan como apoyo a los procedimientos experimentales. Estos representan una herramienta fundamental para definir variables cada vez más específicas a aplicarse reduciendo tiempo de investigación y dinero. En este estudio se desarrolló un modelo computacional 3D de células de fibroblastos y osteoblastos humanas estimulados por campos magnéticos. El modelo se creó a partir del esquema experimental real formado por la fuente (Bobina Helmholtz), una placa FalconTM de 96 pozos y el material celular. La resistencia eléctrica para las células se midió en cada material biológico y en el modelo se asignó la resistividad. La densidad de flujo magnético aplicada fue de 1.0 y 1.5 mT y frecuencias entre 15 y 105 Hz. Las variables evaluadas fueron el campo eléctrico, la densidad de corriente y el calentamiento eléctrico. Se observó un crecimiento exponencial de las señales inducidas con la frecuencia y la densidad de flujo magnético generado, más significativo para el primer caso.
¿Es el proyecto R para la computación estadística apropiado para la inteligencia computacional?
Authors: Velásquez Juan D. , Montoya Olga L. , Castaño Natalia
Published: May 2020

En este artículo, se revisa el proyecto R para el cálculo estadístico y gráficos. Se presenta una revisión de las principales características del ambiente y del lenguaje de programación subyacente. Se muestra la utilidad de esta herramienta para programar paradigmas de las ciencias de la computación por medio de varios ejemplos. Finalmente, se argumenta por qué el lenguaje R es una herramienta interesante para desarrollar software en el campo de la inteligencia computacional.
Перспективи застосування методики наративного інтерв’ю для сучасних фольклористичних досліджень
Authors: Labashchuk Oksana
Published: May 2020

Методика наративного інтерв’ю є перспективною для сучасної фольклористики, зокрема для дослідження персональних автобіографічних наративів. У статті приділяється увага особливостям фіксації фольклорного матеріалу, методиці запису та паспортизації автобіографічних наративів, а також звернено увагу на етичні вимоги, пов’язані з оприлюдненням особистих даних оповідача.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ БАНКІВСЬКИХ ПРОДУКТІВ І ПОСЛУГ У СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Zhavoronok Artur , Fedyshyn Maiia , Kovalchuk Natalia
Published: May 2020

У статті проведено дослідження трансформації банківських продуктів і послуг в Україні, а саме: проаналізовано трансформацію банківських продуктів і послуг у забезпеченні ефективної діяльності комерційних банків та досліджено ефективність інновацій у сфері банківських технологій, продуктів і послуг. На цій основі визначено, що набувають популярності мобільні додатки та їхні функціонали, спрощується процес підключення до онлайн-банкінгу та дедалі більше використовуються для платежів новітні технології, наприклад, соціальні боти Facebook Messenger. Обґрунтовано, що основним пріоритетом розвитку ринку банківських послуг повинні стати такі послуги і продукти, які забезпечать: поділ ризиків між банком і клієнтом; достатніми для угоди матеріальними активами; спрямованість діяльності банку на потреби клієнта; прозорість операцій; взаємне стимулювання розвитку банку і клієнта.
Soy Plant-based Formula with Fiber: From Protein Source to Functional Food
Authors: Bardosono Saptawati , Sunardi Diana
Published: May 2020

Several factors are fundamental to support child growth and development, including nutrition. Beside Energy, protein is the key of balanced dietary macronutrients intake as the building block of child growth.  While several micronutrients, i.e. calcium, iron, zinc and vitamins are needed for both optimal growth and development. Among protein-rich foods for young children, cow’s milk formula has several limitations, i.e. cow’s milk allergy and low fiber content. Although has a low bioavailability for iron absorption, plant-rich protein can be an alternative for young children to be used, i.e. as a soy isolate protein formula. However, to the fact of low fiber content in soy isolate protein formula, it is then need further consideration to have a fiber enrichment. We highlight the fiber content in child formula to the extent of its benefit for gastrointestinal health in relation to gut movement in preventing constipation, or its role as a functional food with its prebiotics capacity. This article aims to review a suitable type of fiber used for the enrichment for a soy isolate protein formula.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO CONTEXTO SOCIOAMBIENTAL AMAZÔNICO
Authors: Nunes Lima Karine , Pereira Pontes Filho Raimundo
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo trata sobre a agricultura familiar no ambiente amazônico em seu contexto socioambiental. Para isso, faz-se necessária uma análise da evolução da atividade agrícola no país, levando em consideração os aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais, descrevendo também sobre o processo de ocupação da região amazônica. Objetivou-se compreender a relevância da agricultura familiar como importante prática tradicional que contribui para a sustentabilidade ecológica da Amazônia. Foram realizadas as pesquisas do tipo bibliográfica e documental, em que buscou-se conjugar aquilo que já é de conhecimento da comunidade científica com documentos e relatórios produzidos por órgãos e entidades do Estado brasileiro. Emprega-se ainda o método dedutivo para identificar a importância da agricultura familiar no ambiente amazônico e a sua relevância para o desenvolvimento sustentável da região. Como resultado, compreende-se que a agricultura familiar praticada na Amazônia pode ser identificada entre os povos indígenas e comunidades tradicionais, em razão do modo de relação existente entre conhecimentos passados de geração em geração e exploração dos recursos naturais de maneira não predatória. Conclui-se que os agricultores familiares utilizam de práticas tradicionais resultantes de uma mistura do conhecimento indígena com aquele trazido pelos migrantes de outras regiões do país, e que essas práticas contribuem para a qualidade de vida desses povos e equilíbrio ecológico da região amazônica.
PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA E SUA INCLUSÃO NA INSTRUÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Rodrigues Denis Leite
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar a inclusão escolar como uma prerrogativa reconhecida às pessoas com deficiência em geral, e às com transtorno do espectro autista – TEA em particular. Para tal, há, inicialmente, ponderações concernentes ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, instituto que é expressamente previsto na Constituição nacional (artigo 1º, caput e inciso III), como um dos fundamentos da República Federativa do Brasil, e, assim, que acaba por embasar a totalidade da ordem jurídica pátria. A seguir, focar-se-á nas legislações internacionais e brasileiras relativas à esta temática, culminando com o advento da Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (ou Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência), onde se procurará identificar a paulatina evolução da concepção de inclusão escolar e até que ponto a edição de normas internacionais não foi decisiva para o surgimento de relevantes diplomas legais brasileiros. A pesquisa para a feitura deste artigo foi realizada por meio de uma consulta de fontes legislativas e doutrinárias, havendo, sempre quando couber, remissão a considerações jurisprudenciais, como forma de reforçar os argumentos legais e doutrinários. Pode-se concluir, ao final das considerações expostas que, malgrado a em regra lamentável morosidade e dificuldade fática de se por em prática em sua totalidade os mandamentos normativas concernentes a também esta seara de prerrogativas relativas às pessoas com deficiência, há uma notável evolução normativa ligada a esta área de direitos.
KONUŞMA VE SES BOZUKLUKLARINA YOL AÇAN ORAL SEBEPLER
Authors: OYAR Perihan
Published: May 2020

Konuşma,
pek çok organın birlikte çalışmasıyla gerçekleşir. Konuşma organları konuşmanın gerçekleşmesini sağlar.
Konuşmanın olabilmesi için diyafram, nefes borusu, akciğerler, ses telleri,
gırtlak, damak, dil, küçük dil, burun ve dişlerin birlikte çalışması gerekir.
Bunlardan bir ya da birkaçında bozukluk meydana gelmesi durumunda konuşmanın
akıcılığı olumsuz yönde etkilenir. Dudak yarığı, damağın düz veya fazla çukur olması, diş
yapısındaki bozukluklar, alt çenenin geride olması, dilin büyük veya küçük
olması, dil altı bağlantısının gereğinden uzun olması gibi kusurlar konuşma
sorunlarını ortaya çıkarır
Antiretroviral Drug Activity and Potential for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Against COVID-19 and HIV Infection
Authors: Copertino Jr. Dennis C. , Lima Bruno , Duarte Rodrigo , Wilkin Timothy , Gulick Roy , de Mulder Rougvie Miguel , Nixon Douglas
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 is the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, and has led to over 250,000 deaths by May 2020. Urgent studies to identify new antiviral drugs, repurpose existing drugs, or identify those drugs that can specifically target the overactive immune response are ongoing around the world. Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have been tested in past human coronavirus infections, and also against SARS-CoV-2, but a recent clinical trial of lopinavir and ritonavir failed to show any clinical benefit in COVID-19 disease. However, anecdotal reports suggest either reduced infection or a course of milder COVID-19 disease in people living with HIV (PLWH) on ARVs. We hypothesized ARVs other than lopinavir and ritonavir might be responsible for such effects. Here, we used chemoinformatic analyses to predict which ARVs would bind and potentially inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease or RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymes, and identified a number of ARVs which bind to SARS-CoV-2 enzymes in silico. Our study identified HIV nucleoside/nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (abacavir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, tenofovir, zidovudine), HIV protease inhibitors (ASC09, atazanavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, tipranavir) and an HIV pharmacokinetic booster (cobicistat), as drug candidates with effective in silico binding to one or both viral enzymes. Tenofovir and emtricitabine are FDA-approved as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and have an extensive safety profile of use in populations without HIV. Existing or new combinations of antiretroviral drugs could potentially prevent or ameliorate the course of COVID-19, if shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and/or in clinical trials. Further studies are needed to establish the activity of ARVs for treatment or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Diagonal Born-Oppenheimer Corrections to the Ground Electronic State Potential Energy Surfaces of Ozone: Improvement of Ab Initio Vibrational Band Centers for the 16O3, 17O3 and 18O3 Isotopologues
Authors: Tajti Attila , Szalay Péter , Kochanov Roman V. , Tyuterev Vladimir G.
Published: May 2020

Mass-dependent diagonal Born-Oppenheimer corrections (DBOC) to the ab initio electronic ground state potential energy surface for tseveral isotopologues of the ozone molecule are reported for the first time. The comparison with experimental band centers shows a significant improvement of the accuracy with respect to the best Born-Oppenheimer (BO) ab initio calculations reducing the total root-mean-squares (calculated - observed) deviations by about factor of two. For the set of 16O3 vibrations up to five bending and four stretching quanta, the mean (calculated - observed) deviations drop down from 0.7 cm-1 (BO) to about 0.1 cm-1, with the most pronounced improvement seen for bending states and for mixed bend-stretch polyads. In case of bending band centers directly observed under high spectral resolutions, the errors are reduced by more than order of magnitude from observed levels, approaching nearly experimental accuracy. New sets of ab initio vibrational states can be used for improving spectroscopic effective models for analyses of observed high-resolution spectra, particularly in cases of accidental resonances with ,,dark'' states requiring accurate theoretical predictions.
A Dual Sensor for Biogenic Amines and Oxygen Based on Genipin Immobilized in Edible Calcium Alginate Gel Beads
Authors: Mallov Ian , Jeeva Fiona , Caputo Chris
Published: May 2020

Food is often wasted due to real or perceived concerns about preservation and shelf life. Thus, precise, accurate and consumer-friendly methods of indicating whether food is safe for consumers are drawing great interest. The colorimetric sensing of biogenic amines released as food degrades is a potential way of determining the quality of the food. Herein, we report the use of genipin, a naturally occurring iridoid, as a dual colorimetric sensor for both oxygen and biogenic amines. Immobilization of genipin in edible calcium alginate beads demonstrates that it is a capable sensor for amine vapors and can be immobilized in a non-toxic, food-friendly matrix.
Clofarabine-based regimen as useful bridge therapy for stem cell transplantation in refractory or relapsed pediatric leukemia
Authors: Elham Alshammari  , Anfal Alshammari
Published: May 2020

Acute leukemia is often regarded as a popular malignancy affecting children. Noticeable enhancements in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, as well as acute myeloid leukemia have resulted in an upsurge in the cure rates. Presently, 80% of the children affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 50% of those affected by acute myeloid leukemia can benefit from long-term remission. However, salvage routines have been very poor in some cases. Some of these cases include those that entail primary refractory disease, multiple relapses, as well as early systematic relapse. Relapsed leukemia is the fourth most popular malignancy affecting children, and there is need to develop novel therapeutic alternatives that can cater for this primary group of patients. With this perspective in mind, clofarabine remains to be the original and only anticancer drug that was certified for use in children and has been in use for over 10 years even before it was actually used in adults. There is need to include clofarabine in reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of severe leukemia. Such an inclusion could possibly enhance the treatment outcomes. It is also necessary to design research that can examine the outcome of clofarabine based regimen as bridge therapy to stem cell transplant in young patients with refractory or relapsed leukemias.
TÌNH HÌNH KHAI THÁC NGUỒN THU TÀI CHÍNH TỪ ĐẤT ĐAI TẠI HUYỆN ĐỨC TRỌNG, TỈNH LÂM ĐỒNG
Authors: Tuyết Trần Thị Ánh , Bình Nguyễn Văn , Hiếu Tạ Trung
Published: May 2020

Tóm tắt: Nghiên cứu nhằm mục đích đánh giá công tác quản lý các nguồn thu từ đất đai trên địa bàn huyện Đức Trọng trong giai đoạn 2015–2018. Hướng nghiên cứu tập trung vào các chính sách hiện có để làm rõ thực trạng khai thác nguồn thu tài chính từ đất đai tại địa phương. Cùng với các thông tin thứ cấp được thu thập từ các báo cáo của chính quyền, các tác giả đã tiến hành điều tra phỏng vấn trực tiếp với các nhà chuyên môn về công tác quản lý tài chính về đất đai, nhằm để có cái nhìn rộng hơn về những bất cập, hạn chế trong công tác quản lý. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 4 nguồn thu chính từ đất đai việc khai thác, huy động nguồn lực từ đất đai tại huyện Đức Trọng đã đạt được những kết quả nhất định. Kết quả khai thác, huy động nguồn lực tài chính đã đạt được nhiều kết quả nổi bật, cơ cấu nguồn thu của địa phương không ngừng tăng lên qua các năm, chiếm tỷ trọng từ 18,83% đến 26,17% tổng thu ngân sách giai đoạn 2015 - 2018.Từ khóa: đất đai, nguồn thu tài chính, Đức Trọng, Lâm Đồng
ÁP DỤNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP NỘI SUY HỒI QUY KRIGING XÂY DỰNG BẢN ĐỒ HÀM LƯỢNG CACBON HỮU CƠ TRONG ĐẤT TẠI XÃ HƯƠNG LÂM, HUYỆN A LƯỚI, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Châu Trần Thị Minh
Published: May 2020

Tóm tắt: Hàm lượng cacbon hữu cơ có trong đất là một trong những chỉ số quan trọng để đánh giá chất lượng đất, đặc biệt là để sử dụng cho mục đích nông nghiệp. Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành tại xã Hương Lâm, huyện A Lưới nhằm tìm hiểu sự ảnh hưởng của địa hình như độ dốc, độ cao và chỉ số khác biệt thực vật (NDVI) đến việc nội suy cacbon hữu cơ bằng mô hình nội suy hồi quy. Hàm lượng hữu cơ cacbon trong đất được nội suy từ 48 điểm mẫu lấy ngẫu nhiên ở độ sâu 0–30 cm. Các dữ liệu về độ dốc, độ cao và NDVI được trích xuất từ dữ liệu viễn thám. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy độ dốc có ảnh hưởng nhiều nhất và có thể sử dụng để nội suy hàm lượng cacbon hữu cơ trong đất bằng phương pháp nội suy hồi quy với mức tương quan 0,43, trong khi đó chỉ số NDVI cũng như độ cao có ảnh hưởng không đáng kể. Trong tương lai cần lựa chọn và kiểm chứng thêm các biến độc lập khác để có thể xác định được mô hình tốt nhất.Từ khóa: carbon hữu cơ, nội suy, kriging
Projected early spread of COVID-19 in Africa through 1 June 2020
Authors: Pearson Carl AB , Van Schalkwyk Cari , Foss Anna M , O’Reilly Kathleen M ,   SACEMA Modelling and Analysis Response Team,   CMMID COVID-19 working group, Pulliam Juliet RC
Published: May 2020

For 45 African countries/territories already reporting COVID-19 cases before 23 March 2020, we estimate the dates of reporting 1,000 and 10,000 cases. Assuming early epidemic trends without interventions, all 45 were likely to exceed 1,000 confirmed cases by the end of April 2020, with most exceeding 10,000 a few weeks later.
Estimating number of cases and spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using critical care admissions, United Kingdom, February to March 2020
Authors: Jit Mark , Jombart Thibaut , Nightingale Emily S , Endo Akira , Abbott Sam ,   LSHTM Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Working Group, Edmunds W John
Published: May 2020

An exponential growth model was fitted to critical care admissions from two surveillance databases to determine likely coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case numbers, critical care admissions and epidemic growth in the United Kingdom before the national lockdown. We estimate, on 23 March, a median of 114,000 (95% credible interval (CrI): 78,000–173,000) new cases and 258 (95% CrI: 220–319) new critical care reports, with 527,000 (95% CrI: 362,000–797,000) cumulative cases since 16 February.
Cardamonin inhibits nitric oxide production modulated through NMDA receptor in LPS-induced SH-SY5Y cell in vitro model
Authors: Kaswan Nur Khalisah , Mohd Suhaimi Nurul Syazwani , Mohammed Izham Noor Aishah , Tengku Mohamad Tengku Azam Shah , Sulaiman Mohd Roslan , Perimal Enoch Kumar
Published: May 2020

Background: Cardamonin is a naturally occurring chalcone from the Alpinia species. It is known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Our previous studies have shown that cardamonin has antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects on CCI-induced neuropathic pain in mice. Although the evidence of the association between cardamonin and neuropathic pain has been reported in animal studies, specific targets using in vitro models are still lacking. Objectives/Methods: This study aims to investigate the effect of cardamonin on nitric oxide production using the LPS-induced neuropathic pain-like SH-SY5Y in vitro model through NMDA receptor expression. Results: Cardamonin administration in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells significantly reduced nitric oxide production assessed using Griess reagent. Western blot analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in GluN2B receptor expression in the cardamonin treated SH-SY5Y cells compared to the vehicle treated group. Conclusions: These data suggest that cardamonin reduces nitric oxide production modulated through NMDA GluN2B receptor subunit. Our results provides preliminary data to support the in vivo studies using cardamonin and may contribute to further understanding the mechanisms of action of cardamonin.
Halaman Depan
Authors: Humanitas Redaksi
Published: May 2020

Titik fokus dunia psikologi adalah berbicara tentang manusia yang mampu mengembangkan seluruh potensi dirinya secara optimal juga dapat berkontribusi untuk membangun masyarakat di lingkungannya. Jurnal Humanitas atau 'kodrat manusia' memiliki tujuan mulia, yaitu memanusiakan manusia. Dengan demikian, paparan dalam jurnal ini senantiasa berorientasi kepada manusia sebagai manusia.
Appraisal of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) for Antibacterial Activity Against Uropathogens
Authors: Lin Xibin
Published: May 2020

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the major public health concerns in both genders, but variations in the anatomy, physiology and behaviour of urogenital and reproduction tract make women more susceptible. UTI is more prevalent and severe in women of all ages and in older men because of multi-drug resistant strains and high recurrence, it has become an important socioeconomic burden. Due to the microbial resistance, several life-threatening side effects, repeated high doses, high cost and low effectiveness of these antibiotics motivated the researchers to explore natural remedies for UTI therapy. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus), against uropathogens isolated from UTI patients, mainly include Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Isolates were confirmed through conventional biochemicals techniques. Ethanolic extract of C. citratus was evaluated against isolates through disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was also determined. Ethanolic extract of C. citratus was phytochemically characterized through high profile liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by measuring zone of inhibition (ZOI) and E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae showed average14.0, 13.0, 13.0 and 8mm ZOI against ethanolic extract, respectively. HPLC showed flavonoids and phenolics components present in ethanolic extract of C. citratus. In mouse model C. citratus also decreased the significant number of uropathogens. This study reports the role of lemon grass for treating UTI and provides new remedy for the treatment of UTI
Efektivitas Suplementasi Vitamin A terhadap Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut pada Balita
Authors: Rosa Eni Folendra
Published: May 2020

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) masih merupakan penyebab tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas pada balita di seluruh dunia dan penyumbangsepertiga kematian balita di negara berkembang.Kekurangan vitamin A adalah salah satu faktor penyebab ISPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas suplementasi vitamin A dalam menurunkan kejadian ISPA. Desain penelitian observasional unmatched case control study dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, subjek penelitian adalah ibu dari balita usia 12-59 bulan di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Propinsi Sumatera Selatan. Pengambilan sampel kelompok kasus dan kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:3 sehingga besar sampel adalah 228 orang. Analisis data meliputi univariat untuk menghitung distribusi frekuensi karakterisitik subjek penelitian, bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian, balita yang tidak mendapat vitamin A dua kali setahun memiliki risiko 2,1 kali lebih besar mengalami ISPA dibandingkan balita yang mendapatkan vitamin A dua kali pertahun. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa balita yang tidak mendapatkan vitamin A dua kali setahun memiliki risiko lebih besar mengalami ISPA dibandingkan balita yang mendapatkan vitamin A dua kali pertahun dan berdasarkan besarnya risiko yang dapat dicegah maka suplementasi vitamin A hingga saat ini masih efektif dalam menurunkan kejadian ISPA pada balita di Kabupaten OKU.
The Correlation of SKA2 with Cortisol, IL-1β and Anxiety in Pregnant Women with the Risk of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Ijabi Janat , Afrisham Reza , Moradi-Sardareh Hemen , Roozehdar Parisa , Seifi Fatemeh , Ijabi Roghayeh
Published: May 2020

Objective The association between preterm birth (PTB), Spindle and Kinetochore Associated Complex Subunit 2 gene (SKA2), cortisol and anxiety have been shown, but in this study, we aimed to clarify whether the expression of the SKA2 gene plays a role in interleukin1β (IL-1β) level since increasing level of IL-1β is linked with PTB.Methods The case-control study was conducted on 49 and 51 women with preterm and term delivery, respectively. The score of anxiety was ranked according to the Spielberger state trait Anxiety Inventory. The concentration of cortisol and IL-1β was determined by the ELISA method. The expression of SKA2 gene was assessed by the quantitative real time real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The western blot analysis was also performed to confirm the expression of SKA2 at the levels of protein.Results The results showed that the gene/protein expression of SKA2, the concentrations of cortisol and IL-1β were significantly higher in the preterm than the term group. In the preterm group, the expression of SKA2 was positively correlated to the other factors including cortisol, IL-1β, and the degree of anxiety.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the expression of SKA2 was correlated positively to the levels of cortisol, IL-1β and the rate of anxiety in women with PTB.
A Spectral Band Based Comparison of Unsupervised Segmentation Evaluation Methods for Image Segmentation Parameter Optimization
Authors: Tonbul Hasan , Kavzoglu Taskin
Published: May 2020

Very high-resolution images obtained
with recently launched satellite sensors have been used intensively in the
remote sensing area. The widespread use of high-resolution images has greatly
facilitated the creation and updating of land use/land cover (LULC) maps. Traditional
pixel-based image analysis methods that extract information based solely on the
spectral values of pixels are generally not suitable for high-resolution
images. Unlike pixel-based approaches, object-based image analysis (OBIA) uses
pixel clustering (image objects) instead of pixels by considering the shape,
texture, context and spectral features and provide richer information
extraction. Image segmentation is an important process and prerequisite for the
OBIA process. It is essential to evaluate the performance of segmentation
algorithms for the determination of effective segmentation methods and optimization
of segmentation parameters. In this study, the multi-resolution segmentation
algorithm is used for the segmentation process. The effect of spectral bands on
segmentation quality was analysed using a Worldview-2 high-resolution satellite
image. In order to analyze segmentation quality, two unsupervised quality
metrics, namely, F-measure and Plateau
Objective Function (POF) values were calculated for
each band separately. In this manner, optimum parameter values were determined
using different variations of Moran's I Index and variance values. Image
segmentation was performed by using different scale, shape and compactness
parameter values. In this context, 30 segmentation analysis was performed
considering three different spectral bands (red, green and near-infrared
bands).  The results showed that the highest segmentation quality was acquired
for the NIR band among the spectral bands for the F-measure method, while the
highest segmentation quality value was achieved for the green band for the POF metric. In addition, the optimum segmentation parameter values of the
scale, shape and compactness were determined as 30-0.3-0.5 and 50-0.1-0.3 for F-measure and POF
approaches, respectively.
Positioning Structural Height Restrictions: An Implication from Geo Observation Data around a Proposed Airport, Ido-Osun, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Rafiu , Afonja Yusuf O. , Olaosegba Solihu O. , Ajisafe Benjamin I. , Oyelakin Latifat O.
Published: May 2020

Geospatial data has been applied for positioning structural height restriction around the proposed MKO Abiola international Airport in Ido-Osun, Osun State. The study aimed at using geovisualisation method for guiding structural height restriction around the airport. In Nigeria, there is a growing demand for Airports and safety is paramount to aviation industry as calamity is irreversible. In respect of this, precautionary measures are better emplaced at inception to safeguard the industry as much as possible. For example, failure because of engine faults in flight cannot be completely erased, at least, planes hitting buildings due to either low altitude of the airplane or excessive height of structures could be totally abated. Data used for this study involved Geospatially acquired data obtained through primary and secondary methods. The data were processed and a 2km buffer zone was created around the proposed airport for analysis. Modelling of the study was done to relatively decipher the height relationship between the airport runway and the buffer zone. Hypotenuse theorem was used and available data, airplane altitude along various directions were calculated in relation to the mean sea level through which proposed heights restrictions were made for structures within the buffer zone in the study area. It was scientifically deduced that using of only number of building ,floors and other structures, the height above earth surface are not enough to set such height restriction, instead, elevations of adjoining land should also be a striking factor taken into set structural height restriction aided by Geo observation data.
Preparation of Silica based C8 Packing Material from Non-Toxic Water Glass
Authors: Aksu Abdullah , Taşkın Ömer Suat , Çetintasoglu Mehmet Emre , Ersoy Korkmaz Nagihan , Torlak Cihan , Çağlar Nuray
Published: May 2020

Synthesize of low price stationary phases with permanent groups for reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) has gained great importance in the past several years. In chromatographic analyses, silica gels are commonly used as a supporting material as they give high mechanical strength and swelling resistance. Additionally, different particle and pore size availability and low cost makes these materials one of the most suitable stationary phase. In this work, chemically bonded C8 phase was synthesized by sol-gel route and instead of toxic silicone alkoxides, non-toxic water glass was chosen as a precursor. Linking process of C8 groups to silica gel was carried out by trimethoxy(octyl)silane. The end-capping and C8 binding procedure was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and morphology of C8 particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM).