bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles Recycling in Mauritius Through the Creation of a Mobile Application
Authors: Jankee Karishma
Published: October 2021

One million plastic bottles is currently consumed every minute in the world. This consumption trend is expected to further increase thereby worsening the problem of plastic pollution across the globe. Mauritius is also not left unaffected by plastic pollution and an increase in consumption of plastic bottles. Although plastic recycling is encouraged on the island, low recycling rate has been recorded (40%). In this context, this research attempts to enhance the solid waste management methods of Mauritius, more specifically in terms of PET beverage bottles, by creating a persuasive technological tool that promotes recycling behavior among the citizens of Mauritius. The persuasive technological tool developed is a mobile application which allows its users to locate their nearest recycling bins while also providing them with facts about the effects and significance of plastic pollution and recycling respectively. The tool also included a survey page for gathering data on demographic, the recycling attitude/ behavior of the users prior to and after the introduction of the tool and on the functionalities of the tool itself. The results showed that the tool helped 80% of the users in initiating their recycling activities while the rest reported that the tool helped them increase those activities.
COVID-19 Pandemic as a Threat to Ukraine’s Socio-Economic System: Materialization Features, Indicators and Consequences
Authors: Kozachenko Ganna , Pogorelov Yuriy , Olshanskyi Oleksandr , Kramchaninova Maiia , Vakhlakova Victoria
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the paper is operationalization of development processes’ concepts in terms of threats to a government’s socio-economic system on an example of a specific threat that is currently actively materializing itself – COVID -19. The research aims at structuring the process of threat’s development to a government’s socio-economic system. It shows negative changes in Ukraine’s socio-economic system, their indicators and consequences inherent to the last stage of the threat’s development process – the materialization stage. At all stages of any threat’s development process, close attention has to be paid to catalysts and inhibitors – factors whose influence accelerates or inhibits the development of the threat. Regarding the COVID-19 pandemic threat’s materialization, inhibitors can only be the decisions and actions of Ukraine’s government and institutions combined with the dual-use economic model (improving the pandemic situation, mitigating its consequences, on the one hand, preventing the deepening of the economic crisis and bankruptcy of domestic business, on the other). The results of studying the process of a threat’s development lay the methodological principles for development of the Strategy Ensuring Ukraine’s Economic Security. The development of a threat to a government’s socio-economic system from perspective of the process approach has not been systemically explored. The scientific researches of the article’s authors lay the fundamental ground in this direction of economic securitology.
Formation of Ukraine's Climate Policy in the Context of European Integration
Authors: Golovko Liudmyla , Yara Olena , Uliutina Olena , Tereshchenko Andrii , Kudin Andrew
Published: October 2021

It is an indisputable fact that one of the most important problems today is global climate change. Climate change affects everyone and requires a concerted effort at regional, national and international levels. The most intensive legal regulation of environmental protection, including climate change, which has an extremely negative impact on the environment, is carried out on the European continent. The European Union is a leader in climate change prevention and an example for other countries. The state policy of Ukraine on legislative adaptation is formed as an integral part of legal reform in Ukraine and is aimed at ensuring common approaches to rule-making, mandatory consideration of European Union legislation in rule-making, training of qualified specialists, creating appropriate conditions for institutional, scientific, educational, technical, financial support of the process of adaptation of the legislation of Ukraine. In the scholarly work global and European trends in climate change prevention policy were revealed. The adaptation of Ukrainian legislation in the field of climate change to EU law was analyzed. The conceptual foundations of the environmental policy of Ukraine in the context of climate change were considered. The challenges and problems on the way to the implementation of climate policy were determined.
Theoretical Aspects of the Legislation Dealing with Proceedings Regarding Criminal Property
Authors: Kaija Sandra , Kudeikina Inga
Published: October 2021

The research deals with problems relating to proceedings regarding criminal property, as a result of which property may be recognised as criminally derived and be forfeited. It should be noted that matters at hand are interdisciplinary and require a systemic approach. The research focuses on procedural aspects of criminal property forfeiture in the context of an individual’s right to property. The forfeiture of criminal property by way of special proceedings before a court judgement resulting in criminal conviction becomes final is an adequate means of criminal proceedings, whose main goal is to restore justice between parties to criminal proceedings by returning criminal property to the lawful owner as soon as possible. However, it should be considered that this type of property forfeiture has a dual nature, namely: the legislation should also secure the rights of persons having opposite interests, such as the alleged offender, the property owner affected by criminal proceedings and the victim.
Collective Management of Natural Resources Based on Traditional Values in West Sumatera Indonesia
Authors: Sukma Utami Ami , Oue Hiroki
Published: October 2021

Collective management of natural resources based on local values and practices is essential for sustainable management of natural resources. This study reassessed the traditional collective management of natural resources related to agriculture in West Sumatera. Descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the Adat (custom) of Minangkabau in natural resources management. The results showed that forest and stream are essential to the community as they provide ecosystem services such as clean air and the guidance of community culture. In managing the natural resources, Adat and religious values are fundamental principles. Based on these values, the traditional practices to protect and utilize nature are Rimbo Larangan (prohibited forest) and Lubuak Larangan (prohibited river). Additionally, Parak (agroforestry), Tanah Ulayat (communal land for agriculture), and Alek Banda (harvest ceremony) are the collective management of natural resources related to agriculture. These practices are based on fundamental principles, which are; (1) collective knowledge of Adat; (2) role of indigenous leader; and (3) Mufakat (consensus) in the decision-making process. Based on these traditional practices, the community can utilize the natural resources fairly and sustain the nature. Thus, this study suggests that the Adat Minangkabau in natural resource management needs to be conserved by utilizing traditional indigenous concepts.
The Impact and Importance of Communication Within the Agricultural Units in Romania in the Digital Era
Authors: Ghinea Raluca-Elena , Birsan Alina Nicoleta , Vintila Lorian , State Cristina
Published: October 2021

The main objective of this paper is to analyse the degree of importance that the staff carrying out their activity within agricultural units in Romania gives to both internal and external organizational communication, and the impact, along with the implementations made, of the transition to the digital age. The research was quantitative, in the form of an online questionnaire, placed in a crowdsourcing system, distributed to the staff operating in agricultural units, holding both execution and management positions. It was filled in by 996 people, and the research started from the main idea that at local level, as well as institutional (ministry) level, there is still no concern for improving and enhancing professionalism and communication development, both externally as well as internally, in the context of the digital age we are experiencing. For an accuracy of the information, our analysis was based on 3 hypotheses. Testing the hypotheses based on obtained results led to the validation thereof and allowed us to draw up appropriate conclusions.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) about Sexual Harassment at Workplace: A Roadmap for Sustainable Workplaces
Authors: Gautam Upma , Bajpai Tewari Deeksha
Published: October 2021

Globalization, its corollaries -increased female literacy levels and rapid urbanization, has brought a radical change in women worldwide. However, with the more significant influx of women in India's mainstream workforce, sexual harassment at the workplace has assumed more critical dimensions. Assessment of the awareness, attitudes, and perception of colleagues towards the victim, victimization, and the wrongdoer through a KAP research methodology which is meant to be a representative survey of a target population, forms the central focus of the study. The sample size was 512 respondents from public and private sector undertakings. The structured questionnaire consisted of four core sections ranging from including respondent’s socio-demographic characteristics to including questions regarding the assessment of respondents' knowledge of sexual harassment at the workplace and committee to address the issue, their attitudes towards sexual harassment at the workplace, and inquiries about practice towards sexual harassment at workplace. The study affirms, firstly, both public and private sector organizations lack in their rehabilitative approach towards the victim. Secondly, the co-workers' approach both in the private and public sector lacks sensitivity and includes victim-blaming. Thirdly, there is a need for sensitization training of ICC members. Building Safe workplaces is a prerequisite to building sustainable workplaces.
Investigating Composting as a Mitigation Strategy for Climate Change Using a Modelling Approach
Authors: Ramasamy Coolen Preeya Vijayalakshmee , Makoondlall-Chadee Toshima , Bokhoree Chandradeo , Foogooa Ravi
Published: October 2021

The waste management sector accounts for 19% of greenhouse gases produced by the island of Mauritius, and is second to the energy sector which contributes about 77% of total emissions. Significant mitigating measures are being sought to reduce the impact of the waste sector. The main greenhouse gas produced from waste in Mauritius is methane from landfill disposal. Among the different alternate waste management scenarios proposed, home composting is one strategy to achieve carbon reductions in the sector.  However, this target can only be achieved if the composting process is properly controlled.  Objectively, a lumped parameter model was used to analyse the set of variation parameters to achieve greatest reduction in methane through optimal composting.   The composting matrix was modelled as a point source. Mass balance equations were coupled with heat transport equations and reaction kinetics equations to determine the optimal set of parameters for efficient composting of yard waste and kitchen waste.  The simulations demonstrated that bulking of vegetable waste prior to composting is required to prevent production of methane.
Integrated Design of Adaptive & Fuzzy Logic Control for Trajectory Tracking of 2 DOF Quadrotor
Authors: Jibril Mustefa
Published: October 2021

Accurate and precise trajectory tracking is crucial for a quadrotor to operate in disturbed environments. This paper presents a novel tracking hybrid controller for a quadrotor UAV that combines the Adaptive and Fuzzy logic controller. The Adaptive fuzzy controller is implemented to govern the behavior of two degrees of freedom quadrotor UAV. The proposed controller allows controlling the movement of UAVs to track a given trajectory in a 2D vertical plane. The Fuzzy Logic system provides an automatic adjustment of the Adaptive parameters to reduce tracking errors and improve the quality of the controller. The results showed perfect behavior for the control law to control a quadrotor trajectory tracking task. To show the effectiveness of the intelligent controller, simulation results are given to confirm the advantages of the proposed control method, compared with Fuzzy and Proportional integral derivative (PID) control methods.
Twin Prime Conjecture - Proof that there are infinite twin primes.
Authors: Nandanwar Vijay
Published: October 2021

We determine that twin primes are not random within specific range of number series. Within the range, they are part of an infinite repeating cycle within the series. The repeating cycles of this series is symmetrical and that range is part of one such cycle. We can also determine where in the repeating cycle this range is located. Once we establish the repeating cycles, we find the probability of twin primes for the cycle/series. Next we determine the lower bound for the probability and the range. Finally, we prove that the twin prime conjecture is true.
Fiber Separation From Wood Pulp Using Slider Crank Mechanism
Authors: RAJENDRAN MEIARUL
Published: October 2021

The Fiber separating machine is used to separate the fibers from their raw material (wood pulp). The machine is based on slider crank mechanism in this an iron disk is mounted to the electrical motor. A slider with a rough tooth is present in its bottom. By using the connecting rod, the disk and slider are connected together. The connecting rod converts the rotary motion into the linear motion. By using the forward and backward motion the fibers are de - fiberized from the raw material (wood pulp). This machine is used for small scale industries where bulk machines are not required. The main application of this wood pulp fiber is the making of napkins.
A Case of Multiple Perineuriomas in the Colon With Underlying Neurofibromatosis Type I
Authors: Tsuchiya Tomoaki , Iwaya Yugo , Iwaya Mai , Okamura Takuma , Nagaya Tadanobu , Umemura Takeji
Published: October 2021

A 45-year-old woman was referred to us after a positive fecal occult blood test. Colonoscopy revealed a 20-mm polyp in the transverse colon and a 10-mm polyp in the sigmoid colon. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed as a diagnostic treatment. Both resected polyps were histologically diagnosed as perineuriomas. She was later found to exhibit multiple café-au-lait spots on the skin and subsequently diagnosed as having neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1). Perineuriomas are rare benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, with no reports of multiple colonic lesions in a patient with NF-1 to date. NF-1 might be associated with the onset of multiple perineuriomas.
Surgical treatment of patient with combination of amiodaron-induced thyrotoxic and esophagesl cancer
Authors: Kuzmichev Alexander S. , Pavelets Konstantin V. , Akinchev Alexey L. , Protchenkov Mikhail A. , Lomakin Vasiliy I. , Pavelets Mikhail K. , Kalyuzhny Sergey A. , Shepichev E. V.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the successful experience of surgical treatment of a patient with a malignant tumor of the esophagus, which was detected in a patient with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. Thyroidectomy made it possible to quickly eliminate thyrotoxicosis and timely perform radical surgery for esophageal cancer.
Extralaryngeal branching of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Autopsy case series
Authors: Kuprin Aleksandr A. , Malyuga Viktor Y. , Britvin Timur A. , Abuladze Ivan O.
Published: October 2021

Background. The thesis «thyroid surgery is the surgery of the recurrent laryngeal nerve», which was defined in the XX ­century, remains relevant to this day. Thus, despite the use of modern scientific and technological achievements, vocal cord paresis is diagnosed on average in 9.8% patients after thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

According to many authors, the main problem which a surgeon encounters is a difficult and sometimes individual anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. For example, in one study authors identified 28 variants of relationships between the ­recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery. In a recent meta-analysis, it was noted that the frequency of extralaryngeal branching remains underestimated and reaches 73% of cases. Anatomical variants of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or its thin branches, which have not been noticed in time, can lead to inevitable consequences — to nerve injury and a laryngeal dysfunctions, and if anatomical features are not detected on both sides — to a tragedy.

Aim. The aim of this study is to determine anatomical variants of the extralaryngeal branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and their frequency in autopsy case series.

Materials and methods. 46 (100%) recurrent laryngeal nerves were dissected in 23 cadavers. Their path was traced, their relationships with the inferior thyroid artery were determined, and the extralaryngeal branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve were identified.

Results. Few extralaryngeal branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve were identified during dissection: tracheoesophageal branches, laryngeal branches, aberrant branches. Tracheoesophageal branches were determined in all cadavers. In 37 (80.4%) cases the recurrent laryngeal nerve had got two or more extralaryngeal laryngeal branches. In 6 (13.0%) cases aberrant branches were presented.

The inferior thyroid artery was detected in 42 (91.3%) cases. The vessel was in close location with the recurrent laryngeal nerve, forming a neuro-arterial chiasm. In 39.1% of cases the recurrent laryngeal nerve was located between the branches of the inferior thyroid artery, in 39.1% of cases — deeper than the artery, and in 10.9% of cases — more superficial than the artery.

Conclusion. The variable anatomical configuration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve inevitably causes difficulties during intraoperative nerve dissection. Tardy identification of these anatomical features can lead to the injury of nerves or its branches, which determines the amount of postoperative vocal cord paresis.
Glossário em libras dos nomes das empresas que compõem o polo industrial da Zona Franca de Manaus
Authors: Oliveira Sebastião Reis
Published: October 2021

O artigo é resultado das discussões entre profissionais intérpretes de Libras e colaboradores surdos do polo industrial de Manaus, onde identificamos a necessidade de material terminológico como fonte de pesquisa com o nome das empresas do polo industrial de Manaus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Como objetivo geral, temos: construir um glossário em Libras dos nomes das empresas que compõem o polo industrial da zona franca de Manaus, aliada aos objetivos secundários, que são: (a) Averiguar a existência de sinais das empresas; (b) Registrar os sinais das empresas; (c) Analisar os termos com uso instrumentos terminológicos; (d) Apresentar glossário de sinais à comunidade surda. Como resultados, após a construção do glossário, constatamos que os sinais-termo seguem uma ordem de construção com marcador de iconicidade com a logo marca da empresa, o uso das representações do alfabeto/datilologia, representações dos produtos fabricados nas empresas; além de construções fonológica, morfológica e sintática presentes nos sinais-termo.
Privatización de la política educativa y gobernanza en red en la República Dominicana
Authors: Caravaca Alejandro , Moschetti Mauro C , Edwards Jr. D. Brent
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza los desarrollos recientes de política educativa en la República Dominicana prestando atención a los modos en que una serie de nuevos actores no estatales participan de los procesos de reforma educativa. A partir de entrevistas en profundidad con policymakers, representantes del gobierno, agencias de cooperación, organismos internacionales y organizaciones filantrópicas, se explora el desarrollo de nuevas formas de privatización en los procesos de producción de política educativa. Se advierte una clara reconfiguración de la estructura de gobierno del sistema educativo hacia una nueva estructura de ‘gobernanza’ de la que forman parte organismos internacionales, agencias de cooperación internacional, el sector empresarial y diversas organizaciones de la sociedad civil.
Novel Computer Aided Diagnostic System Using Synergic Deep Learning Technique for Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Abbas Sabah Khudhair , Obied Rusul. Sabah.
Published: October 2021

Pancreatic cancer (PC) in the more extensive sense alludes to in excess of 277 distinct kinds of cancer sickness. Researchers have recognized distinctive phase of pancreatic cancers, showing that few quality transformations are engaged with cancer pathogenesis. These quality transformations lead to unusual cell multiplication. Therefore, in this study we propose a Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system using Synergic Inception ResNet-V2, Deep convoluted neural network architecture for the identification of PC cases from publically Usable CT images that could extract PC graphical functionality to include clinical diagnosis before the pathogenic examination, saving valuable time for disease prevention. Simulation results using MATLAB is shown to illustrate that quite promising results have been obtained in terms of accuracy in detecting patients infected with BC. Accuracy of 99.23 per cent is reached using the proposed deep learning method, which is better than all other state-of-the-art approaches available in the literature. The calculation time was found to be less than the other current 22 second process. The proximity of the suggested approach to the True Positive values in the ROC curve suggests a result that is greater than the other methods. The comparative study with Inception ResNet-V2 is based on separate test and training data at a rate of 90 percent-10 percent, 80 percent-20 percent and 70 percent-30% respectively, which shows the robustness of the proposed research work. Experimental findings show the proposed reliability of the device relative to other detection approaches. The proposed CAD device is fully automated and has thus proved to be a promising additional diagnostic tool for frontline clinical physicians.
Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Dan Prediksinya dengan Menggunakan Markov – Cellular Automata Di Wilayah Peri Urban Kota Malang
Authors: Permana Mirza , Sitorus Santun Risma Pandopatan , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: October 2021

Peri Urban Area is a unique region with spatial dynamics that continues to experience changes that have an important role to play in the urban life in the future. There are 8 sub-districts in Malang Regency which are directly adjacent to Malang City and have a significant influence on the development of the city. Objectives of this research are to determine the dynamics of land use change from 2008 - 2018 and to predict land use in 2030. The method used is the analysis of land use changes from landsat TM 8 images in 2008 and 2013 to predict land use in 2018 which then tested the validity to get a level of accuracy. The results showed the development of built-up area has increased by 12% while agricultural land has experienced a declining trend. Significant changes occurred in Singosari, Pakisaji and Karangploso sub-district. Validation of land use between the predictions of 2018 and actual land use in 2018 showed that the value of kappa was quite high, at 87%. The trend of land use in peri-urban areas until the year 2030 is predicted to have built up area of 26,456 ha, which means an increase 17,686 ha (33.6%) from the existing year 2018. The potential incompatibility of the RTRW with the predicted land use in 2030 is 11,950 ha or 22.7%.
Comparison of the Morse Cone Connection with the Internal Hexagon and External Hexagon Connections Based on Microleakage – Review
Authors: Bittencourt Ana Beatriz Bueno Carlini , Neto Clóvis Lamartine de Moraes Melo , Penitente Paulo Augusto , Pellizzer Eduardo Piza , dos Santos Daniela Micheline , Goiato Marcelo Coelho
Published: October 2021

The gap formed at the abutment-implant interface brings about a bacterial colonization. In addition, a bacterial reservoir can be established within the implant. The build-up of microorganisms around the implant can cause soft tissue infections and bone loss around the implant, which can lead to implant failure. Our literature review aimed to evaluate the infiltration at the implant-abutment interface, comparing the Morse cone connection with the external hexagon and internal hexagon connections. A literature search using the PubMed database was performed on March 24, 2021. The search terms were combinations of “Morse cone” or “Morse taper” with each of the following terms (individually): “microleakage”, “leakage”, “infiltration”, and “penetration”. The inclusion criterion was in vitro studies comparing the Morse cone with the external hexagon and/or internal hexagon, based on infiltration at the implant-abutment interface. The exclusion criterion was the evaluation of microleakage at the implant-abutment interface after applying a sealant over this region. The search was expanded as needed. There was no limit on the year of publication, and only articles written in English were included. In addition, references cited in included articles were also included in this review when they were appropriate. This literature review concluded that, in most cases, the microleakage in the Morse cone connection was lower when compared with the external hexagon and internal hexagon connections.
Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Two Countries 105 Days Apart
Authors: Tshokey Tshokey , Choden Jamyang , Adhikari Lila , Thapa Binay , Wangchuk Sonam
Published: October 2021

Recovered COVID-19 patients may test positive for SARS-CoV-2 for a long time from intermittent shedding of viral fragments. A 36-year-old man who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the Czech Republic and recovered tested positive again in Bhutan, 105 days beyond his first positive test. He experienced minimal symptoms and recovered without complications. Although no virological test was conducted to rule out reinfection, the repeat positive test after initial recovery likely resulted from prolonged shedding of dead viral particles than a reinfection.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS, COMPANY SIZE, AND PREVIOUS YEAR’S AUDIT OPINION ON GOING CONCERN AUDIT OPINION OF TEXTILE AND GARMENT SUB SECTOR COMPANIES
Authors: Setyawati Dyah Mieta
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Going concern audit opinion is an audit opinion that given by the auditors when they have doubts about the company's ability to sustain its business. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of financial distress, company size, and the previous year’s audit opinion on going concern audit opinion. The data used is secondary data of textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling method used was purposive sampling method. The samples used were 15 companies in the textile and garment sub-sector with the 2016-2019 research period.  The analysis technique used was the modified Altman method and logistic regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 26. The results of the analysis show that financial distress and the previous year's audit opinion have an effect on going-concern audit opinion. Meanwhile, company size has no effect on going concern audit opinion. And the overall results show that financial distress, company size, and previous year's affect on going concern audit opinion.
Asia’s Chemical Distribution Market: The final Frontier for Mergers and Acquisitions!
Authors: Bee Tay Kin
Published: October 2021

The chemical distribution business had undergone huge transformational changes globally, through mergers and acquisitions, by both strategic buyers and private equity firms. The industry consolidation process in Europe and North America which started many years ago is now being shifted to Asia. There is very little research being done on Asia’s chemical distribution market size and the major chemical distributors. Asia’s chemical industry enjoyed tremendously high growth in the past years, and coupled with the highly fragmented chemical marketplace, it offers huge scope for consolidation. The lack of information and clarity in Asia’s chemical distribution sector has somewhat impeded the pace of the consolidation process. A clearer knowledge of the chemical distribution market size, and the key players in the market, itself would help potential investors enormously in their decision making to expedite the mergers and acquisitions process.

The research findings can serve as a compass for potential investors to navigate through Asia when searching out for potential targets and would offer investors a much-needed informational tool to know where to look to invest in. Literature review on existing publications, chemical industry trade publications, and chemical distribution associations will provide the background information for this research.
Insidious Trauma – Between the Political and the Psychoanalytical
Authors: Keini Noga , Klonover Eyal
Published: October 2021

The article attempts to understand the affliction known as insidious trauma and its link to social and political situations. The medical establishment finds itself hard pressed to provide an adequate response to traumas of social and political origin, rooted in oppressive regimes or environments. To the best of our knowledge the psycho-political model of recovery should take into account active resistance on the part of the individual suffering from insidious trauma. Subjectivity that is exposed to insidious trauma, but is not at the same time exposed to representations of resistance, remains external to the discourse. By assigning a name, a language and a voice to insidious trauma, the discourse is shifted from intrapsychic psychopathology to social psychopathology, thereby imparting to it both a social and a political context.
Informed Consent as a Challenge to Social Research Execution in Nigeria
Authors: Egharevba Edebiri Stanley , Osayande Sunny , Odemwingie Osahon
Published: October 2021

..
The Ripple Effects of Maritime Piracy and Armed Robbery in the Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Boateng Nana
Published: October 2021

The acts of piracy had bedeviled mankind for many centuries though the modus operandi of this sinister act keeps changing over the years. The core concept still remains the same. It usually involves an armed attack at sea for a vessel, its cargo, crew or all of the three. The stage is set at sea, but the fall out effects are far reaching than we can imagine. There are political, economic social, security and environmental implications. All these aggregates or determinants are intertwined and have adverse consequences on all the stakeholders. Failed states political instability has become fertile grounds for pirates or sea armed robbers. Economically, the disruption of free movement of vessels, capture of crew for ransom has adversely affected the prices of goods at its final destination. This paper seeks to examine the relationships and effects these attacks have on the various facets of the marine logistic chain. The socio-economic model of Dr Kenneth McLeroy is used to explain the various linkages existing between these determinants viz economic perspective, social perspective, environmental perspective and political instability. Finally, the relevance of maritime security in the sphere of governance and the ability of institutions which would use the safety of our oceans is examined.
Impact of Covid-19 HRM Challenges on HRM Practices for Routing the Post Pandemic: A Study with Special Reference to Oil & Gas Companies in Oman
Authors: PORKODI S , Al-Zawaidi Azhaar Masoud , Al-Muharbi Anood Mohammed , Al-Sarmi Lamees Mohammed , Al-Shibli Hafeedha Mohammed , Al-Rahbi Wesal Nasser
Published: October 2021

Human Resources Management is an important element to the success and progress of any organization, the uniqueness of HRM practices is considered as a possible competitive tool and the central value of the company. In this research, an attempt was made to study the impact of HRM challenges on post-COVID-19 HRM practices. The practices include health and safety, work schedule, cooperation communication, training, and recruitment and selection. The respondents of the study were different levels of managers working in oil and gas companies in Oman. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 130 respondents. This research concludes that the level of HRM challenges has highly significant with the age group of the respondents. In addition, multiple linear regression was applied and the study revealed that three variables are highly significant with the post-COVID HRM practices. Those variables represent health issues in the Pandemic situation, difficulty in balancing between work and life, and difficulty in strategic focus during this pandemic. These variables underwent most of the post-COVID HRM practices in the Oil and gas companies in Oman.
Zwroty grzecznościowe w korespondencji prywatnej na Śląsku Cieszyńskim końca XIX i pierwszej połowy XX wieku
Authors: Gaś Swietłana
Published: October 2021

The study presents the results of the analysis of verbal politeness in private letters. The persuasive aspect was taken into account. The paper concentrates on unpublished let­ters and greeting cards written by inhabitants of Teschen Silesia from the 1894–1952 period. The study shows a local model of politeness. Complying with the rules, the sender of private letters can affect the recipient more efficiently.
Magdalena Grabowska, Komunikacja oknem na kulturę. Wspólnota dyskursu kulturowym wymiarem funkcjonowania społeczności ewangelikalnej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2017, ss. 235
Authors: Bogacz-Kańka Karolina
Published: October 2021

Recenzja. Magdalena Grabowska, Komunikacja oknem na kulturę. Wspólnota dyskursu kulturowym wymiarem funkcjonowania społeczności ewangelikalnej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2017, ss. 235
Gerundialne jednostki tekstu prawnego – problem identyfikacji
Authors: Moroz Andrzej
Published: October 2021

This text is an attempt to apply the concept of a legal text unit to the description of strictly defined structures of legal texts, namely the gerund strings. The main attention is focused on the methods used to identify multi-segment terminological structures and on distinguishing them from strings that constitute a combination of linguistic expressions. The overall conclusion of such analysis is based on the indication of the mechanism used for connecting and limiting gerund structures in this scope. Therefore, this work includes, among others, the formal procedure of verification, which allows for distinguishing, with significant precision, the syntactic constructions with gerund forms and similar sequences of terms.
Współczesne zmiany kulturowo-komunikacyjne a język prawa. Uwagi na marginesie propozycji nowego modelu uzasadnienia orzeczeń sądowych
Authors: Nowak Paweł , Rutkowski Mariusz
Published: October 2021

The subject of the article is the structure and linguistic shape of a specific type of legal genre – the reasons for the judgement. The authors, as members of the project and training team, actively participate in the transformation of the communication standards for the Polish judiciary community. They work with the assumption that the long-standing tradition of legal communication is hermetic and results in texts which are uncommunicative and unintelligible to an average reader. In the article, the authors present the social, media, linguistic and communication contexts of such texts. They emphasise their retropical character and indicate the possible direction of changes towards less hermetic and more everyday communication experiences, closer to the average reader. In the conclusion, they underline the importance of the intelligibility of a text as the basic parameter of effective communication and advocate for a systemic change of contemporary legal communication. Based on the texts of reasons for the judgement, they show that such a change is possible as long as it is accepted by the judiciary community in the first place.
W poszukiwaniu uniwersalnej metody upraszczania pism urzędowych i decyzji administracyjnych
Authors: Piekot Tomasz
Published: October 2021

Since 2018, the key Polish offices have been signing the declaration for plain language, one of the key provisions of which is the call for the simplification of official documents sent to citizens. The aim of the article is to present the methods for simplifying texts, created at the University of Wrocław. The author focuses in particular on indicating the limitations of the proposed method in reference to administrative (fiscal) decisions and those decisions which are not documents from the legal perspective. The article presents examples of simplified documents and decisions.
Auf der Suche nach der Zeit als narratologische Analysekategorie. Mit Beispielen aus der setsuwa-Literatur
Authors: Balmes Sebastian
Published: October 2021

There are three levels on which time is constitutive for narrative discourse: a) without time events as well as the story world cannot be conceived; b) time is needed to tell a story; c) the recipient of a narrative text makes temporal connections by recalling something that happened earlier in the story or the way in which something has been told, or by wondering how the narrative will continue. An examination of these levels shows, however, that the underlying time concepts or temporalities differ significantly. In most narratological studies, the focus lies on the relationship between ‘narrated time’ and ‘narrating time’ (Günther Müller, “Die Bedeutung der Zeit in der Erzählkunst,” 1947), pertaining to what Gérard Genette (“Discours du récit,” 1972) has systematized under the categories of ‘order,’ ‘duration,’ and ‘frequency.’ While a textual analysis based on these concepts may lead to promising results, there are also limitations to this approach. Using examples from Japanese twelfth- to thirteenth-century setsuwa literature, I demonstrate that Meir Sternberg’s (“Telling in Time (II): Chronology, Teleology, Narrativity,” 1992) cognitive theory based on reception and centered around the temporal dynamics of suspense, curiosity, and surprise provides a useful toolkit to make sense of narratives where ‘classical’ theory fails. The application on a tale from Konjaku monogatari shū (24:11) has implications for our understanding of the transmission of the story and allows us to reject one existing theory of the historical development of the tale.
A corpus-driven description of when-adverbial in Nigerian and British Englishes
Authors: Akinlotan Mayowa
Published: October 2021

Syntactic alternation allows us to understand how structural variation, including crucial factors relevant to their meaning and interpretation, operates linguistic varieties. Empirical evidence from such syntactic alternation study can provide insights into how new varieties differ from the established ones. The present study aims at increasing contributions that show the nature of syntactic alternation from new Englishes such as Nigerian English, and how they differ from established varieties such as British English. Taking when adverbial construction in Nigerian English as a reference point (When Trump realised his reelection loss, he changed his political expectations versus Trump changed his political expectations when he realised his reelection loss), the study shows the extent to which previously tested factors influence the ordering of the construction and how they differ from findings reported in British English. Relying on corpus data, together with descriptive distributional analysis, the study shows that, unlike British English in which functional and cognitive factors strongly influence structural patterning, functional factors outweigh cognitive factors in Nigerian English.
Women’s letters from the Chilean Nitrate Era: address choice, emotions and patriarchal reciprocity
Authors: Avilés Tania
Published: October 2021

This article explores how women from the lower ranks of Chilean society mobilized a dynamic address system through affective letter-writing to negotiate their familial position and identity at the end of Chile’s Nitrate Era. Inspired by the third wave in historical sociolinguistics and in dialogue with the glottopolitical perspective, the study foregrounds the interactive nature of ego-documents by analyzing indexical connections between address choice, emotions and unequal gendered relationships between partners. The pragmatic analysis of a set of letters written by women between 1913 and 1928 shows insightful connections between address choice, speech acts, emotions and politeness strategies. By linking textual evidence to the material conditions in which letter-writing is embedded, the article illustrates how women writers negotiated their position and personae within the family structure by inscribing letter-writing in a system of patriarchal reciprocity. This suggests that address choices and the expression of emotions are an index of gendered reciprocal practices that allowed women to preserve their familial structure in the context of industrialization and labor migration.
Locating stylistics in the discipline of English studies: a case study analysis of A.E. Housman’s ‘From Far, from Eve and Morning’
Authors: Goatly Andrew
Published: October 2021

Literary stylistics, whose subject matter is literary language, straddles the disciplines of literary criticism and linguistics, as Henry Widdowson pointed out 45 years ago. Since then, developments in discourse analysis and multimodal studies have had the potential to expand the map of the interactions between different disciplines. This case study performs a traditional stylistic analysis of the poem ‘From Far, from Eve and Morning’ from A E Housman’s A Shropshire Lad but also demonstrates the potential for a multimodal perspective on stylistics by relating it to a musical analysis of Vaughan-Williams’ setting of the poem. It begins with a linguistic analysis of phonology, graphology and punctuation, lexis, phrase structure, clause structure and clausal semantics. It proceeds to a discourse analysis of pragmatics and discourse structure. And it ends by relating the linguistic and discoursal analysis to the music through music criticism. By way of conclusion, it suggests that both linguistic analysis and appreciation of musical structure and mood are useful ways into Spitzer’s philological circle, by which linguistic analysis and musical appreciation can pave the way for literary appreciation.
Improvements in Insulation Systems on Refrigerated Pipe and Equipment at Food Process and Distribution Facilities
Authors: Hart Gordon H.
Published: October 2021

Pipe and equipment at refrigerated food processing and distribution facilities are thermally insulated to reduce energy use, control the refrigeration process, and reduce water condensation on the outside surfaces of insulated components. Ammonia is the typical refrigerant, with operating temperatures from a low of about –78°F (–61°C) to a high of about 110°F (43°C). The refrigerated pipe and equipment are typically located on rooftops and in unconditioned equipment rooms at industrial facilities. A major challenge for these insulation systems is water vapor intrusion, over time, into the insulation materials, with subsequent condensation to water or ice. This water vapor intrusion and condensation can significantly reduce the insulation's thermal performance while increasing its weight. Furthermore, severe corrosion of the steel surfaces beneath the insulation, known as corrosion under insulation (CUI), sometimes results, often requiring pipe replacement. In this research project, the author visited over 20 projects to inspect existing systems' thermal insulation, to witness the removal of old insulation systems on existing facilities, and to witness the installation of new insulation systems on both existing and new facilities. He also reviewed industry insulation installation practices and several of the insulation specifications. In all cases, new insulation systems comprised some different materials than those installed many years previously. The author notes that the design, specifications, and installation practices for these new systems better address the reduction in water vapor intrusion into the insulation materials, as well as minimization of CUI. However, he also notes that certain improvements in insulation system design, installation practices, and quality assurance or quality control practices, if consistently followed, could further improve insulation system performance and longevity.
The Building Science Advisor: A Web-Based Tool to Assess the Durability of Building Envelope Components
Authors: Desjarlais André O. , Boudreaux Philip , Pallin Simon , Salonvaara Mikael , Werling Eric
Published: October 2021

The Department of Energy (DOE) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have developed an innovative new design tool that will put building science expert advice in the hands of every building designer who cares to manage moisture risk in high-R envelope components. As modern residential buildings become increasingly more airtight, are constructed with modern laborsaving materials, and are equipped with air-conditioning, they have become less forgiving of moisture intrusion. The Building Science Advisor (BSA) provides building science knowledge and advice based on expert experience, field measurements, laboratory tests, and computer simulations. BSA users are prompted to enter relevant information about the building location, design, and material selection options, such as cladding, the structural system, and insulation. Influential factors such as climate, building air tightness, material properties, and internal moisture loads are also considered to estimate and compare the moisture durability performance of several design options. If the BSA deems the assembly's performance unsatisfactory, it will provide the reasons why and suggest necessary changes to wall design to ensure more robust performance. Using the BSA tool enables building designers to confidently select residential assembly design characteristics that achieve their design goals with the least moisture durability risk. Links to design-specific guidance are also provided to help users manage any remaining risk. This tool will further enable DOE's Building Technologies Office (BTO) to meet its long-term energy goal of a 50% reduction in building energy consumption by reducing builder concern about using highly energy-efficient wall systems.