bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Study on the Sustainable Sites Indicators between ESGB and LEED
Authors: Wang Zhong Qing , Hu Qiang
Published: December 2012

Based on the comparative analysis, this paper discussed the similar and different parts of the sustainable sites indicators between ESGB and LEED. The results show the two evaluation system had different emphasis in land saving of green buildings. It should not completely copy the contents of LEED though ESGB could learn a lot from LEED.
The Definition and Connotation of the Sustainable Urban Transport
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wei Yan Yan
Published: December 2012

This paper discusses the process of the sustainable development and then elaborates on the current situation, definition and connotation of the development of sustainable transportation. Meanwhile, the paper finds similarities and differences by comparing the international and national definitions and connotations of the sustainable transportation. It is found that while the definitions of sustainable transportation are different in different research, there seems to be a consensus that progress must occur on at least three fronts: economic, environmental, and social sustainability. Then a new dimension of sustainable development is put forword for urban transportation and a new definition of sustainable transportation is developed. This paper provides not only a reference for indentifying suitable targets of sustainable transportation strategy under the national conditions, but also a strong theorical foundation for directing the development of urban transport.
An Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Transport Infrastructure and Economic Growth in Tianjin
Authors: Meng Xiao Zhe
Published: December 2012

Transport infrastructure makes important contribution to economic growth. At the same time, the economic growth provides support to the transport infrastructure. Based on the co-integration theory and Granger casualty analysis, using time series data in Tianjin from 1978 to 2010, empirically analyze the co-integration relationship and Granger causality between the index of all kinds of transport infrastructure and the GDP in Tianjin. Research shows that there are positive correlations between the length of road, railway, quay line and GDP. The length of road, railway and quay line is the Granger cause of GDP. However, GDP is not the Granger cause of transport infrastructure.
Study the Influence of Soap Solution’s pH Value on the Modified Asphalt Emulsion Performance
Authors: Xiao Jing Jing , Jiang Wei
Published: December 2012

Modified asphalt emulsion，which worked as a new type of freeway maintenance material, have attracted much attention since it be exploited. The emulsion’s properties were easily effected by external factors, such as production technique, the pH value of soap solution, stability additive, emulsifier, modifier and so on. On the basis of indoor tests, this paper researched the pH value’s influence on the performance of modified asphalt emulsion emphatically.
Experimental Research on Vibrating Mixing of Concrete Based on Twin-Shaft Mixer
Authors: Zhao Li Jun , Weng Jun Liang , Feng Zhong Xu
Published: December 2012

In order to explore the effect of vibrating mixing technology in industrial production of concrete, the influence of vibrating mixing and common forced mixing on the mixing quality and efficiency were comparatively investigated by field tests of concrete mixing plant. The vibrating mixing scheme was achieved by adopting mixing shaft and blades as vibrating source based on conventional twin-shaft mixer. The field tests included mixing time test and reducing cement test. The experimental results show that under different mixing time, the freshly mixed concrete by both mixing methods have similar uniformity but the hardened concrete have distinctive compression strength; comparing with common forced mixing, vibrating mixing makes the materials in vibrating status to destroy their sticky connection and distribute cement particles, so both 7d and 28d compression strength are significantly improved and the mixing time is reduced; with the cement reduction, the compression strength of concrete by both mixing methods decrease, but comparing with common forced mixing, vibrating mixing can save cement under the condition of ensuring necessary concrete strength due to its improved cement utilization.
Recycling PEMs back to TLPAs: Is that Possible Notwithstanding RAP Variability?
Authors: Praticò Filippo Giammaria , Vaiana Rosolino , Giunta Marinella , Iuele Teresa , Moro Antonino
Published: December 2012

Porous European mixes, PEMs, are porous asphalts which when compacted have an air void content usually in excess of 20%. PEMs points of strength are reduction of splash and spray, mitigation of outdoor noise, optimization of skid resistance at high speeds in wet conditions. Conversely, PEMs have quite low bearing properties, clogging, variation of volumetrics over the time, variation of noise, texture, friction, and permeability performance over the time. Furthermore, at the end of their lifecycle many issues arise: RAP variability, uncertainties on the potential for high percentage recycling, potential for recycling a surface layer back to a surface layer. Based on the abovementioned facts, objectives and scopes were then focused into the analysis of the feasibility of a two-layer porous asphalt (TLPA) by recycling from-PEM RAP, when highly variable rap stockpiles are involved. The following main issues were addressed: mitigating the clogging and its related consequences (acoustic and drainability performance over the time); preserving traditional (bearing properties, skid resistance) and premium (silentness, drainagebility) performance; recycling high percentages of from-PEM RAP. Materials selection was followed by mixtures production. Traditional and advanced tests on RAP and recycled mixes were carried out. RAP variability was examined and a method for facing its consequences was proposed. Mechanical performance was adequate and environmental compatibility was achieved. Functional performance resulted very promising. Results are encouraging about the possibility of achieving a satisfactory level of surface performance. Practical applications and perspectives in rehabilitation, maintenance, and research are outlined.
Effect of Admixture Additive on Properties of Polymer-Modified Lightweight Cement Mortar
Authors: Wang Xiao Feng , Jia Tie Kun , Li Jian Wei , Zhang Xin Ai
Published: December 2012

Redispersible polymer powder of vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer (VA/Voeva) used as admixture additive, is introduced to modify lightweight cement mortar with ground granulated blast furnace slag, quartz sand and expanded perlite as aggregates. The effect of the dosage of redispersible polymer powder of vinyl acetate and versatate on the compressive and flexural strengths was investigated in details. The ratio of compressive strength to flexural strength (σc/σf ) of cement mortars varied with the variation of the dosage of redispersible polymer powder. Scanning electronic microscopy was used to investigate the internal structure of the polymer-modified lightweight cement mortar. The result showed that the toughness of the polymer-modified lightweight cement mortar was improved with the increase in the dosage of redispersible polymer powder, and the network membranous structure formed by the polymer attribute to the improvement of the toughness and flexural strengths.
The Hydration Heat Analysis for Sealing Concrete of Swivel Construction Open Thin Wall Arch
Authors: Feng Xiong Hui , Zhu Zi Qiang , Li Zhi Yong , Wu Xin
Published: December 2012

The sealing concrete of arch bridge will be constructed after swivel construction of it finished. The concrete has such characteristics like huge size, smaller heat radiating area and more complex boundary constraint. According to the cracking situation of this type bridges in recent years, the paper established hydration heat simulation model of it using MIDAS2010 program and numerical analyzed for the model. The hydration heat constant coefficients and placing temperature of the concrete hydration heat effect have been analyzed by simulation parameters base on that. And the results showed that it is an important reason causing the cracking of the concrete.
The Study on the Development and Innovation of Equipment Materials Used for China Competitive Dragon Lion Dance Sports
Authors: Chang Long Qiang , Shen Shi Ming
Published: December 2012

The development of competitive Dragon and Lion Dance movement promotes the innovation of its equipment materials in return, so applicable and practical equipment is the basis for the development of competitive Dragon and Lion Dance sport. However, with the rapid development of sports Dragon and Lion Dance movement, its used equipment has seriously lagged behind in technological development. Some equipment is not easy to handle, some can’t be reused and even lead to injury in athletes or other problems. Therefore, based on the research into the development and innovation of new materials with the method of the expert interview、questionnaire and visit investigation, a set of perfect ideas on selecting competitive Dragon and Lion Dance sports equipment are formed preliminarily. The writer hopes for providing a theoretical reference for the Dragon Lion Dance Competition Organizing Committee, the Dragon and Lion Dance teams and coaches, which promotes the further development of Dragon and Lion Dance movement.
The Development and Application of Geosynthetics
Authors: Xue Qun
Published: December 2012

Geosynthetics is developing rapidly in civil engineering, water project, transportation engineering and other fields in recent years due to their advantages of lightweight, good continuity, easy construction, excellent tensile, anti-ripping strength and good resistance to chemicals and microorganism. The development, specific classification and application of Geosynthetics are depicted in this paper.
Comparison between Manufacturing Processes of Fiber-Reinforced Cement-Based Panels (FRCBPs)
Authors: Lee Bang Yeon , Kim Yun Yong , Bang Jin Wook , Chung Woo Jung , Joung Dong Su , Lee Hwan Woo
Published: December 2012

The manufacturing process is a significant influencing factor on the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced cement-based composites. This paper presents the investigation of the effects of the manufacturing processes on the properties of fiber-reinforced cement-based panels (FRCBPs). Two types of FRCBPs were manufactured using a casting process (FRCBP-C) and an extrusion process (FRCBP-E), and then their bending properties were evaluated using flexural tests. The test results demonstrated that the strength and stiffness of the FRCBP-C specimens were lower than that of the FRCBP-E specimens. However, the FRCBP-C specimens exhibited more ductile behavior than the FRCBP-E specimens.
Research on Performance and Application of Mortar King (Building Mortar Admixture)
Authors: Liu Yuan
Published: December 2012

The researchers studied the effects of air-entraining agent, water reducing agent, water-retentive and thickening admixture on the performance of building mortar, and the air content, coursing degree, and mortar strength, which helped improve the peaceability and durability of the mortar.
Numerical Simulation of Uniaxial Compression Performance for Recycled Concrete Using Micromechanics
Authors: Zhou Hua Ping , Peng Yi Jiang , Dang Na Na , Pu Ji Wei
Published: December 2012

Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) is referred to as Recycled Concrete (RC). In this paper, the compression performance of recycled concrete was researched using the micromechanics. The recycled concrete was taken as a five-phase composite material consisting of recycled coarse aggregate, old hardened cement paste, new hardened cement paste, the old interfacial transition zone (Old ITZ) and the new interfacial transition zone (New ITZ) on meso-level. A random aggregate model was used to simulate the meso-structure of recycled concrete. The propagation process of cracks and the mechanical properties of uniaxial compression specimens of recycled concrete were simulated using finite element method (FEM) with damage model. The numerical simulation results agree well with the corresponding experimental results. The results show that the specimen usually damaged along the old interfacial transition zone and the new interfacial transition zone.
Study a New Approach to Uniform Indoor Illumination from Natural Light
Authors: Zhang Bin Quan , Chen Yong Sheng
Published: December 2012

To solve the problem of nonuniform indoor illumination by sunlight and to meet the need of energy conservation, we design a kind of cuneiform light guide plate to transmit sunlight from outside to rooms relying on the law of total reflection. Theoretical deductions and numerical simulations are used to obtain a preliminary plan, and some issues on applications and feasibility are discussed.
Parametric Analysis of Flexible Pavement Layers’ Accumulating Deflections
Authors: Yin Fu Cheng , Zhou Guang Chun , Guo Hua
Published: December 2012

This paper conducted a parametric analysis of the flexible pavement layers’ accumulating deflections. The accumulating process of the full-scale medium-strength subgrade (MFC) pavement layer deflections had been simulated by the previous radial basic function (RBF) model. Based on the RBF simulation results, several parameters were proposed to investigate the accumulating features of the pavement layer thickness response, the relationship between layer deflection capacity and average layer thickness, the relationship between the average thickness values of two layers and the relationship between the maximum deflection values of two layers. The analytical results revealed some unseen features of the pavement layer deflections, which provided a new way to parametrically investigate the accumulating response of the flexible pavement layers.
Inspection and Assessment of Energy-Saving Renovation Effect of Existing Residential Buildings, Taking Changfeng Residential District in Taiyuan University of Technology as an Example
Authors: Zhang Xiao Bei , Zhang Yong Sheng
Published: December 2012

Taking a Sino-German Cooperation project—a demonstration project for energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings in Changfeng Residential District of Taiyuan University of Technology—as an example, this paper introduces an energy-saving renovation scheme for this district and analyzes the results of energy efficiency inspection after renovation with an attempt to provide references for energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings in the northern heating zone.
CFD Investigation of the Effect of Building Passive Design Strategy on Energy Efficiency and Wind Comfort in Extreme Weather Conditions in Astana, Kazakhstan
Authors: Tokbolat Serik , Tokpatayeva Raikhan , Al-Zubaidy Sarim
Published: December 2012

There is a distinct lack of building design literature specific to the Central Asian region. This perhaps, could be one of reasons for the only slight improvement of new building designs and construction. One does observe the highly glazed buildings are a particularly popular feature here in Astana, as like anywhere else in the world. However, excessively glazed surfaces combined with the weather extremes leads to adverse internal conditions and skyrocketing energy bills. The work presented in this paper is a part of continuing efforts to identify analyze and promote the design of ‘low energy, green and sustainable buildings with special reference to the Kazakhstan locality. In the present context, low energy buildings’ refers to buildings inherently low energy consuming by careful passive design, utilizing intelligent building technologies to automate building services and minimize wastage of energy and by incorporation of renewable technologies for its energy supply. Demonstration of improved environmental conditions and impact on energy savings will be outlined through a cause study incorporating application of passive design approach and detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for an existing building complex. The results indicated that there is a considerable influence of passive design and orientation on energy efficiency, wind comfort and safety.
Sustainable Development of Building Energy
Authors: Zhao Bai Dong , Chen Pei Chao , Zhang Ya Long
Published: December 2012

Along with the economic development and the deterioration of the living environment, people’s sustainable development idea is deepening day by day. In this paper, there are several factors that influence the sustainable development of building energy. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward some solutions, such as improving the building’s service life, the utilization of waste concrete and Energy-saving architectural design.
The Energy, Environmental and Economic Benefits Analysis of Ground-Source Heat Pump in Wuhan Region of Summer Condition
Authors: Ma Yong , Li Yu Yun , Ma You Cai , Hu Xian Fang , Hu Gui Hua
Published: December 2012

To study the actual energy-saving rate of a ground-source heat pump system (GSHP), this article discusses the actual performance coefficient of cooling condition. Compared with the conventional water-cooled chillers and conventional coal-fired boiler, there comes to conclusions that the actual average energy-saving rate is 43.9%, which is lower than the calculated , and the energy saving rate of heating conditions is 11.8% higher than that of cooling conditions. What’s more, we come to conclusion that the actual total load is one-third to two-thirds of the calculated total load, resulting that the actual payback period is 98.6% longer than the calculated payback period.
Analysis of the Influence of the Roof Greening Technology on Building Energy Efficiency
Authors: Wang Yang , Chen Yan
Published: December 2012

Under the circumstances of the increasing energy consumption of buildings, the development and application of building energy efficiency technology have attracted the attention of many people. As one of the important building energy efficiency technologies, roof greening has played a positive role in building a low-carbon and energy-saving society. This paper analyzes the technological characteristics and the formation methods of the roof greening system. It also expounds on the role of roof greening in building energy conservation.
Research on the Duty Mechanism of Energy Consumption Control of Public Buildings in China
Authors: Ding Ge Fei , Xu Gang , Zhang Xiao Feng
Published: December 2012

Since the 90's of last century, energy conservation project of civil architecture has been started in China. Till now, civil builings’ energy consumption, especially public buildings is still serious, which is caused by many factors and the duty mechanism is one of the most important factors. The paper analyzed the prerequisites to launch the duty mechanism, those who should take the responsibility to launch the duty mechanism, responsibility system of the duty mechanism and how to realize the duty mechanism.
Automatic Sensor and Meter Arrangement System for Building Energy Management
Authors: Kim Jong Won , Jeong Youn Kwae , Lee Il Woo
Published: December 2012

Building Energy Management System (BEMS) can save energy and minimize the impact on the environment due to energy efficiency technologies and systems. The most important things of Building Energy Management are the monitoring of indoor environment in a building by various sensors and the measurement of energy consumption in a building by various meters. We need to arrange sensors and meters automatically, and develop an automatic sensor and meter arrangement system being usable in any kinds of wired or wireless network. In this paper, we propose an automatic sensor and meter arrangement system for building energy management and explain each component operation of an automatic sensor and meter arrangement system for building energy management, a sensor arrangement simulator and a meter arrangement simulator.
Analysis of Ejector Performance Using 1-D Model
Authors: Li Feng Lei , Cao Bo , Tian Qi
Published: December 2012

A modified ejector model for entrainment ratios calculation is proposed based on the sokolov’s ejector model and experiment data obtained by Huang et al. This model has a good performance in predicting the maximum entrainment ratios of ejectors at design conditions. The computer program base on the model returns maximum entrainment ratios for R141b and R134a at different generation and condensation temperatures. Based on the analysis of the calculation results, it is found that the entrainment ratio increases with the increasing of generation temperature for R141b when the generation temperature is below 100°C, whereas, it reaches maximum at about 85°C for R134a.
Waters Ecological Reconstruction of Ling Lake Scenic Area in Anqing
Authors: Zhang Li Hua , Zhou Bao Hua
Published: December 2012

In recent years, the landscape water of Anqing Ling Lake scenic area became severe eutrophication, resulting in the destruction of the ecological balance. The eigenvalues of nature reserve in the wetland along the Yangtze River in Anqing such as the species diversity of Lake Ecosystem, plant community structure and the stability of the ecological environment were simulated in this paper. We proposed the target and principles for the water remediation and landscape ecological reconstruction of Ling Lake scenic area, determined that Trapa Comm, Nelumb Comm, Zizania Comm, Vallisneria Comm and Phragmites Comm should treated as the main body of the ecological reconstruction, discussed the population structure, water surface coverage, ecological and landscape function for each community. Furthermore, we also discussed the request controlling density for phytoplankton and the proportion for the fish fingerlings, as well as the measures for the optimization on ecological reconstruction.
Establishment and Experiment of IMGESB as a Sustainable Building Design Method
Authors: Chu Dong Zhu , Wei Shu Xiang
Published: December 2012

To realize a higher quality sustainable building, it needs more efficient design methodology from the beginning. Through theoretical study, case analysis and interview practice, based on “the integrated status of generation and evaluation” in building design process, and improving the" sustainable performance" effectively as the core goal, a new methodology named "IMGESB" (Integration Mechanism of Generation-Evaluation for Sustainable Building) is established. Through an experimental design for an office building, IMGESB is applied, tested and optimized. Finally the authors summarized the corresponding design procedures for the framework, which consists of four basic execution modules. IMGESB is not only a design methodology, but also a kind of design ideology in architecture. It can ensure maximize the sustainable goal from the view of procedure in the design process.
Low-Carbon Space in Urban and Rural Areas: Ecological Greenway Planning of Shanhaiguan District, Qinhuangdao City, China
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Ning , Li Qian
Published: December 2012

With the rapid development of urbanization, more intensive urban buildings and crowded space resulted in the declining of the environmental quality in urban areas, and also eroding the natural and cultural resources both in urban and rural areas, which requested the desires for healthy living and natural environment. Greenway, with the low-carbon to meet people's desire, is a dedicated “way” linking the urban, natural and cultural landscape. With ecological protection, exercise, recreation and leisure, historical and cultural continuity, and other functions, it is one of the special low-carbon spaces. Greenway, sharing and integration of urban and rural resources, plays the role of effective protection of urban and rural local cultural and ecological environment. The design of the Shanhaiguan Greenway, for example, is not only to meet the basic requirements of the greenway, but also combined with the history and culture, to further Improve the urban quality of the historical and cultural city of Shanhaiguan and build an urban and rural low-carbon space.
Research on Utilizing Environmental Friendly Materials of Barrier Board for Turbidity Reduction of High-Turbidity Raw Water
Authors: Chen Jian Liang , Shen Yun Hwei , Chang Yi Kuo , Chen Kun Liao , Guo Wun Jiun
Published: December 2012

The high-turbidity raw water was formed during the initial period of typhoons or storms, and it affected the operation of the water supply purifying system. In this research, the raw water with various turbidity levels (1,500~5,500 NTU) was used, a barrier board treatment was used to extend the flowing route and varied flow rates were also employed to carry out the treatment of high-turbidity raw water. The experiment results indicated that under a flow rate at designed 8, 17, 50 and 100ml/s, the majority of the effluent water was between 100~1,000 NTU, exhibiting an 50% to 90% removal rater. In view of this, a certain degree of the turbidity could be reduced applying barrier board treatment and suitable for consequent water supply purifying system.
Preparation of Porous Carbon Material by Carbonizing Polyacrylonitrile Microspheres
Authors: Rong Yun Long , Wang Shao Fei , Jia Dan Dan , Liu Chun , Cao Lei , Tian Hong Yan , Zheng Xue Fang , Liu Lu , Wang Dong Jun
Published: December 2012

PAN microspheres were crosslinked with divinyl benzene (DVB) and styrene (St), and then pre-oxidized under atmospheric pressure, porous carbon microspheres were produced by carbonizing the pretreated microspheres under nitrogen protection. Morphology and structure characterizations of the materials were performed by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption test, etc. The results show that the primitive PAN microspheres display flower-like structures, while the carbonized pretreated PAN microspheres exhibit a high porosity as well as specific surface area and have a good adsorption of methylene blue (MeB) dye.
Characteristics of Organic Matters Translation and Removal on Sludge Reduction HA-A/A-MCO Process
Authors: Mu De Wei , Zuo Ning
Published: December 2012

In order to explore methods of improving phosphorous and nitrogen removal in sludge reduction technologies, an advanced process combining sludge reduction and phosphorous and nitrogen removal was developed, for short, HA-A/A-MCO Process (Hydrolysis-Acidogenosis -Anaerobic/Anoxic-Multistep Continuous Oxic tank). Under the condition of this process achieving favorable effect of phosphorous and nitrogen removal and sludge reduction, test results of the process treating campus wastewater showed that when influent COD was 316-407mg/L, effluent COD was lower than 18mg/L, and COD removal rate exceeded 96%. When return ratio of anaerobic P-release sludge entering into hydrolysis-acidification tank was about 2% of influent flow, most anaerobic P-release sludge was translated into organic matter and it mainly contained VFA(about 275mg/L), which was 4.74 times as much as that(58mg/L) in original sewage. Supernatant which was rich in VFA from hydrolysis-acidification tank entered into subsequent A2/O cells, which could provide affluent carbon source for phosphorous and nitrogen removal.
Effects of Additional Stimulants on Phenol Degradation by a Halotolerant Rhodococcus sp. JDD1H
Authors: Chen Fang Yan , Jiang Duo Duo , Tang Yu Bin
Published: December 2012

A halotolerant and highly effective phenol-degrading strain, named as JDD1H, was isolated from soil contaminated by petroleum and identified as Rhodococcus sp. Phenol degradation by strain JDD1H in the presence of high salinity, especially the effect of exotic stimulants such as carbon source, nitrogen source and surfactant on phenol degradation was investigated. The results show that strain JDD1H could utilize phenol as sole carbon and energy source to grow in the presence of 5% NaCl with 16 h adaptive phase. The degradation efficiency of 150 mg/L phenol was up to 99.5% within 40 h. Lactose, cane sugar, glucose and mannitol in wide range of 100~2000 mg/L enhanced phenol degradation significantly. Organic nitrogen sources, as peptone and yeast extract, and inorganic nitrogen sources, as NH4Cl and (NH4)2SO4, accelerated phenol degradation. Tween-80 with concentration of 50-1000 mg/L restrained phenol degradation and Tween-80 of 1500-2000 mg/L could promote degradation.
Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland of Application of Oily Wastewater
Authors: Yang Xu , Zhang Xue Ping , Wang Ji Fu , Wang Bao Jian , Guo Xin Qi
Published: December 2012

In order to evaluate the effects of constructed wetland treating oily wastewater, wastewater treatment was monitored during five months. The results showed that when the influent flux was 1.2m3/d, the mean removal rates of COD, TN, NH4+-N and mineral oil in the horizontal flow constructed wetland were 54.27%, 53.47%,54.84% and 50.19%, respectively. Constructed wetland had better removal efficiency and run stably in the treatment process of oily wastewater.
Exploration of Theory and Practice on the Construction of Affordable Housing Projects - Research on the Reconstruction of Taiyuan Xishan Coal-Mine Shantytowns
Authors: Wang Wen , Gao Yu Bo
Published: December 2012

Research analyzed and summarized the current situation of Shantytowns of Xishan Electricity Group Co., LTD, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Measures and solutions of renovation to the shantytown were studied and summarized, which can be used for future work reference.
CFU Combined Process for the Treatment of Oily Car Washing Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Ji Ku , Yang Yan Bin , Wang Hui Ye , Dong Zhi Biao
Published: December 2012

CFU combined process is the Coagulation - Flotation - Ultrafiltration combined process.For the car washing wastewater with litter oil, this article mainly studies its oil removing effect.It selects five groups of opposite experiments to carry on the oil removing examination about the oiliness car washing wastewater, and analyzes the floating time, the flotation column effluent position, the dosage of the composite coagulant (PAM + PAFC) and the hollow ultrafiltration membrane filtration rate in CFU combined process’s optimal operating condition, and also compares oil removing efficiency among various kinds of crafts when it adds the ultrafiltration membrane. The experimental results show that: for the small oil-content wastewater (in this experiment,the wastewater is car washing wastewater,the oil content is 5.28mg/L ~13.47 mg/L), the oil removing rate of CFU combined process can reach more than 40%,which nearly doubles the oil removing rate of the conventional coagulation - flotation process.
Experimental Investigation of Non-Linearity Critical Strain Energy Release Rate for Frozen Soil
Authors: Liu Zeng Li , Li Hong Sheng , Xing Huai Nian , Zhang Xiao Peng
Published: December 2012

This paper describes an experimental study on non-linearity critical strain energy release rate for frozen soil. Cracked single edge straight-through specimen and cracked chevron-notched specimen were used in test of three-point bending under mode I. The traditional equipment was reformed as the load applied direction was down-up, and dye penetration technique was also applied in. Measured technique and principle of non-linearity critical strain energy release rate are discussed. Some preliminary results are given out.
Safety Design for Support Structure of Regional Wind System Engineering
Authors: Zhang Xiao Chun , Ma Chun , Chen Wei Ping , Zhan Shui Fen
Published: December 2012

The objective of this study is to calculate, design and evaluate support structure safety of regional wind system engineering. First of all, wind loading was calculated based on the building structure norm. Secondly, support structures of regional wind system engineering were designed using CAD. Finally, structure safety of regional wind system engineering was analyzed with finite element ANSYS software. The results showed that the wind system engineering structure is away from harmful fluctuating. Wind load cycle does not match resonance phenomenon. Under fluctuating wind loads, the engineering windbreak structure displacement and stress were dynamic amplification effect. It was concluded that this method can keep safety in support structure design of regional wind system engineering.
Test Study of Novel Buckling Restrained Brace
Authors: Huang Zhen , Li Zong Jing , Ding Ting
Published: December 2012

This article introduces a novel buckling restrained brace (BRB) whose core members are restrained by transverse restraints which consists of two lines of parallel square tubes at both sides of the core member. Three different types of BRB are cyclically loaded in the investigation, using different restraining mode and steel types for the core members. Results of the experiment indicate that the transverse rib restraining mode is able to achieve expected effects. BRB specimens with LYP160 core member exhibit relatively better hysteresis performance than specimens with Q235 core member.
Evaluation of the Corrosion Risk on the Immersed Tunnel of the Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
Authors: Tang Yan Bing , Chen Long , Wang Sheng Nian , Fan Zhi Hong
Published: December 2012

The corrosion risk of the immersed tunnel of the Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was evaluated by comparing the environment index with the durability index. The durability index was analyzed according to design, raw materials of concrete, concrete and construction. The results showed that the immersed tunnel could satisfy 120 years maintenance free design life-span if the concrete materials, design, and construction were controlled strictly.
On the Hypothesis of Effective Stress in Consolidation and Strength for Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Oh Seboong , Park Ki Hun , Kwon Oh Kyun , Chung Woo Jung , Shin Kyung Joon
Published: December 2012

The hypothesis on effective stress of unsaturated soils is validated by consolidation strength results of triaxial tests for the compacted residual soil. The effective stress can describe the unsaturated soil behavior, which was defined from shear strength or from soil water characteristic curves. Since the effective stress from consolidation agrees with that from the shear strength, the effective stress from soil water retention curve could describe the unsaturated behavior consistently on both consolidation path and stress at failure. The effective stress can describe the entire unsaturated behavior from consolidation to failure.
A Simplified Method to Obtain Subway Vibration Load Based on Analysis in Frequency Domain
Authors: Liu Jing Bo , Zhang Xiao Bo , Zhao Dong Dong , Wang Wen Hui
Published: December 2012

To obtain reasonable subway vibration load is the key to many subway vibration problems. This paper uses a simplified method to determine subway vibration load in frequency domain analysis, based on ground vibration test induced by subway traveling and numerical simulation of soil-subway model. The operating steps are explained and one example for calculating subway vibration load is given. The result shows that this method is a certain degree of effective in analysis of ground vibration problems, since that it relies on ground vibration test. The operating steps of this method are simple, and also the method can reflect characteristic of randomness of subway vibration.
Application of Ultra High Toughness Cementitious Composites to Tunnel Lining
Authors: Han Tong Chun , Wang Fu Jian , Dou Hong Qiang
Published: December 2012

Ultra high toughness cementitious composites (UHTCC) demonstrates the properties of non-linear and hardening under load. Its tensile strain may reach over 3%, whereas its average fracture width is only about 60m which shows excellent ability in controlling crack. Tunnel lining is usually made of moulded concrete. One way it endure all the pressures from surrounding rock to guarantee tunnel stability, on the other hand also has low permeability to resist groundwater seepage, while UHTCC has the special advantages in this respect. By analyzing the pressures applied to tunnel lining in one tunnel section, discussion of how UHTCC is applied to lining is done, and some related questions about its application are explained by calculation.
Application of Resistivity Composite Profile and High-Density Resistivity Method for Daiyuling Tunnel Engineering Detection
Authors: Fei Hong Lu , Jia Hong Yu , Fei Yu Peng
Published: December 2012

This paper is used by the combined test technology of resistivity composite profile and high-density resistivity method. Regard Daiyuling the first tunnel engineering geology survey work area as a test site. Different physical parameters such as resistivity composite profile curve of transverse sectionⅠ~Ⅳ line and vertical profile and measured, fitting apparent resistivity quasi section measured by high-density resistivity method reflect geological phenomenon. Through mutual contrast verification, improve the accuracy and reliability of survey results. Provide necessary geophysical basis for engineering geological exploration.
The Calculation of Grouting Diffusion Radius on Based Bingham Fluid for Chunnel That Passes through Fractured Rock Mass
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Tao
Published: December 2012

To conduct pro-grouting design and make the prediction of the result of grouting about the chunnel that passes through fractured rock mass, the essay adopts following theoretical formula to calculate the fractured rock mass grouting diffusion radius: Wittke and Wallner Formula、Lombadi Formula and Huang Chunhua Formula. Finally through the analysis of calculation results can conclude: (I) The diffusion radius of the slurry can meet the design requirements under the condition of 3-4 Mpa designed grouting pressure、5 cm grouting holes’ radius and 1800-3600s grouting time. (II) The calculation result of Huang Chunhua Formula is almost the same as Wittke and Wallner Formula and Lombadi Formula, but the margin of grouting diffusion radius’ change as grouting time and grouting pressure growing are different, it’s more close to the real situation.(III) The calculation of these theoretical formula only consider the breadth of fractured rock without considering the variation of its thickness and direction. So all of the calculation results of these formula are generally bigger than the standard.
The Control of Building Load on the Shallow Foundations Close to the Metro Tunnel
Authors: Bin Chen , Ye Jun Neng
Published: December 2012

Considering the feature of soil layers and surrounding architectures in line 1 of Ningbo metro, finite element method is used to analyze the impact of displacement of existing shield-tunnel, which comes from the building load on the shallow foundations closed to the metro tunnel. Then, the effect feature of upper load of shallow foundation on metro tunnel is got. It is shown that both the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of shallow foundations decrease with increase of the horizontal projection distance between loading position and tunnel, and the reducing magnitude of the vertical displacement is significantly larger than that of the horizontal displacement. Accordingly, it is proposed that both the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement should be controlled within 10mm when the loading width is approximately 10m, and it can be regarded as the controlling distance of the building load of metro tunnel.
Experimental Research on Deep Collapsible Loess Foundation Treatment by Dynamic Compaction under Super High Fill
Authors: Mei Yuan , Hu Chang Ming , Wang Xue Yan
Published: December 2012

Taking one foundation project as an example, a series of tests are carried out to study the dynamic compaction parameters and its effects on the deep collapsible loess foundation under super high fill in Lvliang region. Analyses are made on the average settlement of each test area before and after dynamic compaction and on the regularity of the main physical and mechanical indexes of soil. At the energy levels of 2000 kN•m, 3000kN•m and 6000kN•m, the main parameters are gained, such as the effective reinforcement depth, the centre distance of tamping points , the standard of stopping ramming, and the optimal ramming number; hence, the empirical formula of the effective reinforcement depth of dynamic compaction. The results of the tests show that the deep collapsible loess foundation in Lvliang region can be effectively reinforced by dynamic compaction, that the stability of foundation is good, and that the loess collapse in the reinforced range is eliminated basically. Moreover, after dynamic compaction above the energy levels of 2000 kN•m, the eigenvalue of the bearing capacity of collapsible loess foundation in Lvliang can reach over 300kPa; the deformation modulus of foundation soil is more than 25MPa. Therefore, the results of the tests can provide a reference for the design and construction of projects of the same kind; it can also provide a reliable basis for relevant norms and standards.
The Solution to the Safety Factor of Vertical Shaft Enclosure with One-Side Elevation Angle Based on FLAC3D
Authors: Wang Feng , Cui Tie Jun
Published: December 2012

The enclosure structure of the vertical shaft of subway engineering is generally vertical, and perpendicular to the plane. Due to the effects of the geological condition, the construction condition and the supporting method, the shaft reflects similar deformation characteristics to the enclosure structure of foundation pit. Generally, the enclosure structure deformation can be decomposed into three types, namely the forward rotation, reverse rotation and deflection. When the vertical shaft enclosure structure produces a forward rotation with a lesser degree, it can still be used for positive angle slope processing, which enables us to calculate the safety factor of one side with positive angle enclosure structure in the same way with the slope of foundation pit. Taking the shield-receiving shaft of Dalian Jiaotong university station, Dalian metro No.2, Section 201 as an example, it is the geological conditions and supporting structure that contribute to build the enclosure structure with one-side elevation angle. Based on the above method and taking the geological, construction and supporting conditions into account, FLAC3D is used to build the model, and carry out the solution on safety factor of the enclosure structure with positive angle. The results indicate that under the existing conditions, the enclosure structure safety factor for our example is more than 1.
The Process Hypothesis and Feasibility Study on Drilling-Blasting Machine Method in Tunnel Excavation
Authors: Hao Feng Shan , Tian Gui Zhong , Wang Tu Long
Published: December 2012

This paper was based on many pre-existing or being successful tunnel projects for study. Through in-depth investigation and analysis of the action mechanism on rock and the construction control under complex geological conditions, the author synthesized the technical advantages of the drilling-blasting method and tunnel boring machine technology into integration as a new drilling-blasting machine method applied in tunnel (lane) excavation. If this method intended by conventional process, it’s difficult to realize mechanized continuous excavating. In this problem, the author put forward two new technologies named helicoid tunnel face and shallow blasthole close blasting to improve. Respectively from the theory, economic, technology and safety, the paper demonstrates the feasibility of drilling-blasting machine method.
Geostress Measurement and Rock Burst Prediction Analysis for a Deep-Buried Long and Large High-Speed Railway Tunnel
Authors: Wu Li , Xu Chang Mao , Wu Shuang Lan , Shi Li
Published: December 2012

Rock burst is one of the main geological disasters in deep-buried long and large tunnels, therefore rock burst prediction is necessary to ensure the safety of tunnel construction. Measuring the geostress in Yaojia tunnel, and using the Turchaninov and Russenes to conduct comprehensive evaluation, it turned out that the maximum horizontal stress is 3.6~12.5MPa and the minimum horizontal stress is 2.1~7.8MPa in the surveyed area, the dominant direction of the maximum horizontal stress is about N34 W, the angle between the maximum horizontal stress and the tunnel axis is about 83°. And these results showed Yaojia tunnel may occur slight rock burst within 400m of its length and it is adverse to the stability of tunnel surrounding rock.
Coupled Supporting of Rock Bolt and Anchor Cable in Large Cross-Section Roadway
Authors: Shan Ren Liang , Wei Zhen Ting , Kong Xiang Song , Zhou Ji Jun , Liu Yan
Published: December 2012

With development of coal mining technology and equipment, the coal roadway section size increases gradually, making roadway more difficult to support. In the paper, the supporting of large cross-section roadway in Hedong mine is studied and roadway excavation supporting process is simulated by FLAC3D. Coal roadway deformation and the problem of original supporting scheme are analyzed including displacement field, stress filed and plastic zone. Several supporting optimizations are proposed combined with site investigation and simulation analysis. And the optimizations are simulated and calculated. By comprehensive comparison, the optimal supporting scheme is obtained and some supporting law in large cross-section roadway is concluded. These are helpful for supporting design in future.
Parameter Optimization and Numerical Analysis of the Special Soft Coal Seam Roadway with Large Inclination Dip
Authors: Zheng Tie Qi , Guo Dong Ming , Zhang Yu Fei , Lv Jian
Published: December 2012

Mechanized mining of Longwall top coal caving mining method was used in 1201 work face of thick soft coal seam in Du Jiacun Mine. The face is back to the wind drift along the seam floor excavation, transport drift along the seam roof boring the two crossheading basic fullcoal roadway, due to the relatively soft coal body, joints fractured, coal strength is low, and the coal-rock inclination, roadway section, the weakness of the surrounding rock rock, resulting in the excavation and support difficulties. This chapter based on numerical computation FLAC3D large-scale numerical analysis software, on the inclination special soft coal seam using a different roadway, support method, numerical simulation analysis of the support parameters, the contrast in different roadway support system support parameters, the deformation of surrounding rock displacement, stress distribution, the distribution of plastic zone, the big dip is extremely soft for Du Village coal mine mining Gateway support programs, and through on-site ground pressure observation of program verification.
The Correlative Analysis of Temperature and Stress Based on Monitoring Data on the Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Wang Xiu Yong , Lei Wang Long , Yang Yi , Yang Qi , Sun Hong Xin
Published: December 2012

Based on the monitoring data of Jiujiang Bridge Health Monitoring System, the relation of the temperature and girder stress for the concrete cable-stayed bridge is analyzed. Firstly, taking the acquired stress and the corresponding temperature data for one month as analyzing samples, the daily mean of stress and temperature is calculated with all 72 sets of everyday data, and the relative value of stress and temperature is obtained by the comparison of the reference day. Result shows a strong linear correlation between stress and temperature. The trend equation between temperature and stress is then fitted by the least square method. Finally, the effect of temperature for girder stress have eliminated with the trend equation and the safety threshold of condition evaluation for the girder is set by probability statistics theory.