bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nazım Hikmet’in Biyografisine Katkılar (1950-1955)
Authors: ERDEM Ufuk , AKA ERDEM Nilüfer
Published: January 2023

Modern Türk şiirinin önemli şairlerinden Nazım Hikmet siyasi, sanatsal ve özel yaşamıyla son yüzyılın en dikkat çeken şahsiyetlerindendir. Siyasi fikirleri nedeniyle çalkantılı bir yaşam süren Nazım Hikmet, uzun yıllar hapis yatmış, af kanunuyla serbest kaldıktan kısa bir süre sonra da can güvenliği endişesiyle yurt dışına kaçmıştır. Bu kaçışı vatandaşlıktan çıkarılmasıyla cezalandırılmış ve bir daha da Türkiye’ye dönememiştir. Dolayısıyla yazarın eserleri uzun yıllar Türkiye’de yasaklanmıştır. Bununla birlikte hem yaşantısıyla hem de edebî yönüyle pek çok kişiyi etkilemiştir. Ölümünden kısa bir süre sonra eserleri üzerindeki yasakların kalkmasıyla yazarın eserlerine ilişkin pek çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Ancak özellikle biyografisini ele alan çalışmalarda Dışişleri Bakanlığı Türk Diplomatik Arşivinde yer alan kayıtların – belgeler hakkında gizlilik kararı bulunduğundan – kullanılması mümkün olmamıştır. 2021 yılı itibariyle Nazım Hikmet hakkındaki belgelerde bulunan gizlilik kararının kaldırılması yeni bilgilere erişilme olanağı sunmuştur. Böylelikle yurt dışına kaçması ve yurt dışında kurmuş olduğu ilişkilere dair dış temsilciliklerden Dışişleri Bakanlığına gönderilen kayıtlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu vesileyle bu çalışmada Nazım Hikmet’in biyografisine dair hem daha önce az bilinen noktalar genişletilmiş hem de bilinmeyen bazı noktalar ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Assessing the likelihood of drought impact occurrence with extreme gradient boosting: a case study on the public water supply in South Korea
Authors: Seo Jungho , Kim Yeonjoo
Published: January 2023

Drought is quantified with one or a set of drought indices for monitoring and risk management. These indices have a limited ability to capture drought impacts. Drought impact prediction models have been developed to explore the interactions between the drought impact data and the physical drought indices. This study demonstrates the use of extreme gradient boosting (XGB), a well-known machine learning technique, to predict the likelihood of impact occurrence (LIO) of drought on public water supply as a function of drought indices, with high accuracy and low uncertainty. Using text-based drought impact data from multiple sources, the prediction accuracy of drought LIO on the public water supply of South Korea was evaluated using XGB and reference models (log-logistic, support vector machine, and random forest). We also analyzed receiver operating characteristics and quantified the uncertainty of each model with bootstrapping. This study shows that XGB and random forest have a high level of suitability. However, random forest presents a higher level of uncertainty than XGB for predicting drought LIO on the public water supply in South Korea. Although some limitations exist, the results suggest that text-based drought impact data collected from multiple sources can provide insightful information for drought risk management.
INFÂNCIAS URBANAS
Authors: LOPES JANA MIRANDA MENDES , ROLAND DIEGO VICTOR MOREIRA , COSTA LYA RACHELL PEREIRA
Published: January 2023

Para entender se São Luís - MA seria uma “cidade amiga da criança”, buscou-se por dados sobre a situação dos espaços urbanos locais, principalmente, no entorno de escolas municipais de ensino infantil em aglomerados subnormais. No entanto, não foi encontrada nenhuma informação a respeito; dentre os dados voltados à primeira infância destacam apenas aspectos da saúde, da nutrição, da educação e da assistência social. Desse modo, decidiu-se realizar levantamentos para produzir dados próprios e gerar indicadores sobre a qualidade espacial urbana no entorno de algumas dessas escolas. Os levantamentos evidenciaram: calçadas inacessíveis e estreitas, ausência de espaços públicos para permanecer e brincar livremente, pouca arborização pública, e segurança viária deficiente. Notou-se, também, que a falta de diversidade de usos nos bairros não favorece uma ambiência segura. A análise dos resultados comprovou que os aglomerados subnormais de São Luís estão longe de serem acolhedores às crianças, uma vez que não apresentam qualidade nem segurança para o deslocamento delas até as escolas. A partir dessa experiência, percebeu-se a importância de se trabalhar com métricas e indicadores para tornar a realidade mais concreta, retratar uma situação num tempo e lugar específicos, e, assim, pressionar pela inserção da temática urbana nas políticas públicas para primeira infância.
PROJETO ARQUITETÔNICO DO BERÇO AO BERÇO
Authors: Witicovski Lilian , Tavares Sergio , Freitas Maria do Carmo
Published: January 2023

A aplicabilidade da sustentabilidade com conceitos da Análise do Ciclo de Vida nas disciplinas de arquitetura será relacionada às estratégias didático-pedagógicas para o alcance das competências pelo estudante e pelo acompanhamento do professor. A distribuição do conteúdo estruturado e proposto para desenvolver as competências nos estudantes e que vão avaliar a compreensão destes sobre projetos mais sustentáveis é inspirado na CEN EN 15804. A fase pós-operacional, relacionada ao estágio Além do Ciclo de Vida, possui uma abordagem do berço ao berço. Para isso, propõe-se um projeto arquitetônico para montagem e desmontagem desenvolvido na disciplina de Tecnologia da Construção III no ano de 2019, inserindo a prática em uma disciplina teórica. Para que ocorra mudanças reais, é fundamental uma aplicação prática dos conceitos de sustentabilidade no processo projetual, uma vez que se faça uma adequação dos planos de ensino, das instalações dos ateliês e salas de estudos para que haja integração entre as habilidades manuais e as novas tecnologias possam ser efetivamente implementadas. Conclui-se que, ao inserir os conceitos de ACV no ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, gradualmente, os estudantes teriam condições de desenvolver projetos mais sustentáveis, melhorando assim, as condições urgentes do planeta. Ao mesmo tempo, frisando a importância das questões ambientais e das necessidades dos usuários, não enfatizando apenas as questões mercadológicas.
DENSIDADE E VAZIOS FAVORÁVEIS PARA URBANIDADE EM HABITAÇÃO DE INTERESSE SOCIAL
Authors: Suassuna Marco Antonio , Bentes Maria Dulce , Barros Filho Mauro Normando
Published: January 2023

Este artigo trata da densidade e dos vazios como elementos relevantes para as relações de urbanidade em habitação de interesse social. A densidade entendida como a relação de uma entidade espacial pela área que ela ocupa, quase sempre está associada com uma questão quantitativa dos cheios edificados. Mas toda parcela de terra é, por conseguinte um vazio preexistente, que precisa ser considerado nos estudos socioespaciais. As relações entre cheios e vazios são dualidades que se complementam, um (cheio) não existe sem o outro (vazio) e ambos são configurações espaciais que definem o dentro e o fora, o privado e o público. Essas relações são motivadas pela organização espacial entre cheios e vazios e têm derivações da forma construída em uma determinada parcela do solo urbano. Não o vazio residual, as sobras sem nenhum contributo às relações sociais vistas, por exemplo, em algumas obras impessoais e produzidas em larga escala, como se observa nos programas governamentais de Habitação de Interesse Social, com baixa qualidade urbanística. Sabe-se que questões quantitativas influenciando aspectos qualitativos de densidade urbana têm referência em abordagens contemporâneas de desenho urbano sendo fundamental aferir suas influências no desempenho da forma urbana e na qualidade de vida nos espaços urbanos, sobretudo em áreas mais carentes de infraestrutura básica. Esse enfoque ganha maior necessidade de aprofundamento em Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS), constituindo-se, portanto, um eixo central de discussão no presente artigo.
ENSINO DE DESENHO TÉCNICO
Authors: Fulgencio Vinicius , Carvalho Gisele , Putinni Carolina
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir, a partir de um experimento didático em ambiente computacional, as implicações de duas sistematizações da informação gráfica no ensino de representação gráfica arquitetônica. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um experimento didático no curso de Engenharia Elétrica e Engenharia de Controle e Automação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, utilizando exclusivamente a mídia digital (computacional). A partir dos dados obtidos, foram investigados os limites e potencialidades dessas duas sistematizações por meio da aplicação de um questionário com os estudantes, bem como pela verificação do desempenho nos exercícios. Em termos didáticos, o conteúdo foi abordado de duas maneiras: 1) de acordo com os parâmetros do manual AsBEA e 2) de acordo com os parâmetros da NBR 6492, então vigente. O trabalho se justifica pela necessidade de investigar as possibilidades didáticas no ensino de representação gráfica arquitetônica utilizando-se de diferentes tipos de sistematização da informação gráfica digital. Em última instância, o trabalho busca investigar qual o melhor sistema de informação gráfica para o ensino-aprendizagem de representação gráfica arquitetônica aplicada às Engenharias. Os principais resultados mostraram que cada sistema tem seus limites e potencialidades e saber qual utilizar depende do contexto e objetivos da disciplina. No entanto, no experimento realizado, verificou-se uma preferência dos discentes pela utilização do sistema AsBEA, tendo como reflexo um melhor desempenho na atividade proposta que se utilizou desse sistema.
De agências bancárias a centros culturais
Authors: Aparecida Alves Janércia , Braida Frederico , Abdalla José Gustavo Francis
Published: January 2023

A pesquisa aborda o tema da arquitetura bancária e suas conversões ao longo do tempo, especialmente seus novos usos como centros culturais. As grandes agências bancárias, ou seus prédios-sede, são edificações que representam o poderio das instituições financeiras, participantes das histórias das cidades onde se localizam. Registra-se atualmente menor presença de público nas suas dependências, uma tendência permanente, com clientes se valendo dos serviços virtuais ofertados. Perante tal cenário, questiona-se: qual a lógica subjacente ao processo de conversão de agências bancárias em centros culturais? Adota-se por hipótese que a arquitetura bancária, imponente e implantada em localizações privilegiadas, cujo uso seja ressignificado, venha a ser identificada como símbolo das instituições às quais se correlaciona, perpetuando seu poderio e trajetória. Tem-se como objetivo geral a compreensão do processo de conversão das agências bancárias em centros culturais, e da lógica que se aplica a essas conversões, considerando, em especial, o caráter simbólico presente na manutenção da arquitetura bancária e sua importância para a sociedade. Para atingir os objetivos, a metodologia adotada abrangeu: (i) revisão de literatura sobre arquitetura bancária e centros culturais, dos seus primórdios à contemporaneidade; (ii) realização de estudo de casos exemplares, tomando por objeto empírico três agências bancárias brasileiras, pertencentes a instituições bancárias representativas para a economia brasileira – Banco do Brasil, Caixa Econômica Federal, Banco Santander – justificadas por terem centros culturais implantados em suas antigas agências.
ABORDAGEM SISTÊMICA PARA A MECÂNICA CÊNICA
Authors: Barbosa Filipe Freire Pederneiras , do Vale Clécio Magalhães , Lamounier Rosamônica da Fonseca
Published: January 2023

Tomando o teatro de proscênio como objeto de estudo, este artigo aborda a mecânica cênica sob uma perspectiva sistêmica. Enquanto uma disciplina que compõe o planejamento de espaços cênicos em edifícios teatrais, a mecânica cênica tem sido flagrantemente negligenciada pela literatura brasileira sobre esse tipo edificação. A análise dos principais espaços que compõem especificamente o teatro de proscênio e o reconhecimento das funções a eles designadas no desempenho das atribuições principais desse tipo de edifício permitem estabelecer a notável influência que a mecânica cênica exerce sobre o seu planejamento. Mais do que isso, é possível afirmar que os elementos da mecânica cênica têm um papel fundamental na garantia da flexibilidade de usos ao teatro de proscênio e, consequentemente, na manutenção da vida útil funcional da edificação. Tendo isso em vista, a compreensão das relações mantidas entre o edifício e as tecnologias nele contidas é essencial para a concepção de teatros tecnicamente adequados, capazes de continuar desempenhando suas funções ao longo do tempo. Para a construção de uma abordagem que facilite o entendimento dessas relações, apoiou-se em um referencial teórico que analisa os edifícios conforme compostos por camadas construtivas, no qual também se discutem estratégias que visam a flexibilidade dos objetos arquitetônicos, a partir da definição dos seus elementos permanentes. A partir dos conceitos estudados, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia que sistematizou requisitos, aparatos técnicos e especificidades de organização dos seus elementos no espaço, como uma forma de orientar a abordagem da mecânica cênica no campo projetual.
AVALIAÇÃO PÓS-OCUPAÇÃO COM FOCO NOS ESPAÇOS LIVRES DA ESCOLA
Authors: Ventura Neto Raul da Silva , Moura Milena Sanae Iwashita
Published: January 2023

A escola é um dos espaços que mais influencia na formação de crianças e jovens, o que significa assumir que seu projeto arquitetônico não é algo trivial. Entretanto, no Brasil, é comum a estandardização de projetos escolares visando racionalizar o projeto e garantir a reprodução em larga escala do que tradicionalmente se nomeia “projeto padrão”. Para instituições que operacionalizam políticas de expansão da infraestrutura social articuladas aos fundos controlados pelo Governo Federal, a necessidade de reduzir as burocracias e controlar riscos de mal uso do dinheiro público, os “projetos padrão” se mostram saída para garantir essa extensão pelo território nacional. Porém, a expansão indiscriminada de “projetos padrão” tem acarretado a precarização das tipologias previstas e a degradação do espaço escolar, sobretudo do pátio, objeto deste artigo. O texto avalia aspectos comportamentais dos espaços livres de uma escola rural de 4 salas de aula proposta pelo Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação (FNDE), fazendo uso de ferramentas de Avaliação Pós-Ocupação (APO). A escola foi construída para atender à comunidade quilombola do Itacoãzinho e à comunidade ribeirinha do Furo do Maracujá, ambas no Baixo Acará, Pará. Foram realizados/aplicados: levantamentos métricos e fotográficos, Walkthrough acompanhado por responsável, Mapas Comportamentais e Matriz de Descobertas. As análises comportamentais apresentadas como resultado da pesquisa apontam para diferenças entre o uso real e uso previsto no projeto, e para questões relacionadas à permeabilidade do espaço, às relações sociais observadas no local, ao comportamento socioespacial dos usuários e à imagem social do empreendimento.
COZINHAS DE APARTAMENTOS NA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO (2000-2015)
Authors: ABASCAL EUNICE , Silveira Sandra Regina Escridelli da , Cymrot Raquel
Published: January 2023

O artigo aborda a transformação do espaço das cozinhas e seu projeto, em apartamentos residenciais urbanos com dois e três dormitórios, lançados pelo mercado imobiliário em São Paulo no período de 2000 a 2015. São problematizadas duas principais tipologias de cozinhas presentes na produção imobiliária do período: o apartamento com cozinha aberta (integrada ao espaço social da sala de estar e à unidade residencial) e a tradicional cozinha fechada, A pesquisa de campo investigou percepções dos usuários sobre vantagens e desvantagens destas, e as estratégias de mercado para consolidar estas modalidades entre proprietários/usuários e difundir uma imagem de praticidade e modernização (associada ao tipo aberto). Apresentam-se resultados da aplicação de questionário aos moradores de apartamentos lançados no recorte temporal considerado, no qual foram investigadas as razões de escolha da tipologia de cozinha, aberta ou fechada, por parte dos usuários, bem como vantagens e desvantagens de seu uso, relacionando essa escolha aos hábitos e costumes relativos ao preparo dos alimentos. Como metodologia, discorre-se sobre o processo de transformação da cozinha nos projetos de apartamentos paulistanos, no contexto da verticalização de São Paulo de 1950 até os dias atuais; num segundo momento, projetos de apartamentos residenciais de 2000 a 2015 são analisados, quanto à distribuição dos equipamentos e sua disposição, em cozinhas abertas ou fechadas, e quanto à legislação e normas da construção civil. Finalizando, apresentam-se os resultados da aplicação do questionário, discutindo as possíveis razões da ascensão da demanda pela cozinha aberta relativamente à fechada.
Safe and Rapid Synthesis and Utilization of 2-Azidopyridine and Related Derivatives
via Continuous Flow Diazotization
Authors: Szemesi Péter , Bana Péter , Szakács Zoltán , Greiner István , Éles János
Published: January 2023

Aril azides are popular reagents in the laboratory, but their explosive properties prevent their larger-scale application. The safety risk is even greater for N-heterocyclic azides, which are rarely studied. Flow chemistry can be an effective tool in the synthesis and utilization of dangerous and explosive chemicals. In small-diameter flow reactors, good heat and mass transfer prevent local hot spots and side reactions, and since only small amounts of hazardous chemicals are present at any time, the potential danger is reduced in the event of an accident. In this work, the safe syntheses of 9 different 2-azidopyridine, 2-azidopyrimidine and 2 azidoquinoxaline derivatives were successfully achieved within the continuous-flow system. In most cases, simple work-up resulted in pure products. In-line extractive work-up was also implemented, which allowed us to transform 2-azidopyridine in a subsequent Staudinger reaction in a connected flow reactor, without manual handling of the hazardous azide.
SAR based Review on Diverse Heterocyclic Compounds with Various
Potential Molecular Targets in the Fight against COVID-19: A Medicinal
Chemist Perspective
Authors: Madan Anish , Garg Mansi , Satija Garvit , Sharma Barkha , Shaquiquzzaman Mohammad , Akhter Mymoona , Iqubal Ashif , Khan Mohammad Ahmed , Parvez Suhel , Das Anwesha , Sheikh Khursheed Ahmad , Alam Mohammad Mumtaz
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was reported to be transmitted from bats to humans and, became a pandemic in 2020. COVID-19 is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide and still, the numbers are increasing. Further, despite the availability of vaccines, mutation in the virus continuously poses a threat of re-emergence of the more lethal form of the virus. So far, the repur-posing of drugs has been exercised heavily for the identification of therapeutic agents against COVID-19, which led FDA to approve many drugs for the same e.g., remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavi-rin, etc. The anti-COVID drugs explored via other approaches include nirmatrelvir (used in combi-nation with ritonavir as Paxlovid), tixagevimab and cilgavimab (both used in combination with each other) and others. However, these approved drugs failed to achieve a significant clinical outcome. Globally, natural bioactive have also been explored for anti-COVID-19 effects, based on their tradi-tional medicinal values. Although the clinical findings suggest that FDA-approved drugs and natu-ral bioactives can help reducing the overall mortality rate but the significant clinical outcome was not achieved. Therefore, the focus has been shifted towards new drug development. In line with that, a lot of work has been done and still going on to explore heterocyclic compounds as potent an-ti-COVID-19 drugs. Several heterocyclic scaffolds have been previously reported with potent anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-viral, antimicrobial and anti-tubercular effects. Few of them are un-der consideration for clinical trials whereas others are under preclinical investigation. Hence, this review discusses the evidence of rationally designed and tested heterocyclic compounds acting on different targets against COVID-19. The present article will help the researches and will serve as a pivotal resource in the design and development of novel anti-COVID-19 drugs.
Challenges and Discoveries in Polypharmacology of Neurodegenerative
Diseases
Authors: Scotti Luciana , Lustoza Rodrigues Teresa Carolliny Moreira , de Sousa Natália Ferreira , dos Santos Aline Matilde Ferreira , Aires Guimarães Renan Dantas , Scotti Marcus Tullius
Published: January 2023

Background:

Neurological disorders are composed of several diseases that affect the central and peripheral nervous system; among these are neurodegenerative diseases, which lead to neuronal death. Many of these diseases have treatment for the disease and symptoms, leading pa-tients to use several drugs that cause side effects.

Introduction:

The search for new treatments has led to the investigation of multi-target drugs.

Method:

This review aimed to investigate in the literature the multi-target effect in neurological disorders through an in silico approach. Studies were reviewed on the diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemia, and Parkinson's disease.

Result:

As a result, the study emphasize the relevance of research by computational techniques such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) prediction models, pharmacokinetic pre-diction models, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics, besides presenting possible drug can-didates with multi-target activity.

Conclusion:

It was possible to identify several targets with pharmacological activities. Some of these targets had diseases in common such as carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholinesterase, NMDA, and MAO being relevant for possible multi-target approaches.
A Novel in silico SELEX Method to Screen and Identify Aptamers against
Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Rasouli Jazi Hamid Reza , Zeinoddini Mehdi , Arab Seyed Shahriar
Published: January 2023

Background:

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, has been responsible for
global epidemics and many other problems over the centuries. It is one of the main public health
issues in less-developed and developing countries and is considered one of the deadliest infectious
agents. Therefore, precise and susceptible detection of V. cholerae from environmental and biological
samples is critical. Aptamers provide a rapid, sensitive, highly specific, and inexpensive
alternative to traditional methods.

Objective:

The present study develops a new protocol inspired by the Systematic Evolution of
Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) to implement an in silico aptamer selection
against V. cholerae, which can also be employed in the case of other pathogenic microorganisms.

Methods:

First, we built an oligonucleotide pool and screened it based on the secondary structure.
Following that, we modeled the tertiary structures of filtered sequences and performed RNAprotein
dockings to assess binding affinities between RNA sequences and Outer Membrane Protein
U (OmpU), an effective marker in distinguishing epidemic strains of V. cholerae, which constitute
up to 60% of the total outer membrane protein. Finally, we used molecular dynamics simulation
to validate the results.

Results:

Three sequences (ChOmpUapta) were proposed as final aptameric candidates. Analysis of
the top-ranked docking results revealed that these candidate aptamers bound to all subunits of
OmpU at the extracellular side with high affinity. Moreover, ChOmpUapta-3 and ChOmpUapta-2
were fully stable and formed strong bonds under dynamic conditions.

Conclusion:

We propose incorporating these candidate sequences into aptasensors for V. cholerae
detection.
Global Food Production and Distribution Analysis using Data Mining and
Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Shekhar Himanshu , Sharma Abhilasha
Published: January 2023

Background:

Today’s food industry is extensive and complicated, encompassing anything
from subsistence agriculture to multinational food corporations. The mobility of food and
food elements in food systems has a major impact on biodiversity preservation and the overall
sustainability of our fragile global ecosystem. Identifying the human and livestock consumption
patterns across regions and territories will optimize the dietary standards of the habitually undernourished
and the expanding population without substantially increasing the amount of land under
cultivation. Food preservation is the basis for economic advancement and social sustainability,
so the food industry, both local and global, is fundamental to everyone. As a primary mechanism
for ensuring global food preservation, there is currently a strong emphasis on accelerating
food supply and decreasing waste. Thus, analyzing the production and distribution of food supply
will boost economic sustainability.

Methods::

In this paper, we present a quantitative analysis of global and regional food supply
to reveal the flow of food and feed products in various parts of the world. Using data mining and
machine learning-based approaches, we seek to quantify the production and distribution of food
elements. The study aims to employ artificial intelligence-based methods to comprehend the shift
and change in supply and consumption patterns with timely distribution to meet the global food
instability. The method involves using statistical-based approaches to identify the hidden factors
and variables. Feature engineering is used to uncover the interesting features in the dataset, and
various clustering-based algorithms, like K-Means, have been utilized to group and identify the
similar and most notable features.

Results::

The concept of data mining and machine learning-based algorithms has helped us in
identifying the global food production and distribution subsystem. The identified elements and
their relationship can help stakeholders in regulating various external and internal factors, including
urbanization, urban food needs, the economic, political and social framework, food demand,
and supply flows. The exploratory analysis helps in establishing the efficiency and dynamism of
food supply and distribution systems.

Conclusion:

The outcome demonstrates a pattern indicating the flow of currently grown crops
into various endpoints. Few countries with massive populations have shown tremendous growth
in their production capacity. Despite the fact that only a few countries produce a large portion of
food and feed crops, still it is insufficient to feed the estimated global population. Significant
changes in many people's socioeconomic conditions, as well as radical dietary changes, will also
be required to boost agricultural credit and economic foundations.
miRNAs as Epigenetic Cancer Biomarker
Authors: Mamoori Afraa
Published: January 2023

Despite the fact that the mortality rate of many types of cancer has decreased in the last decades, cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases in the world. The number of newly diagnosed cases with advanced stages in different types of cancer is still high because available tests are not efficient enough to be used for screening. In addition, the available diagnostic tests failed to diagnose certain types of cancer until late presentation. Furthermore, therapeutic agents currently in clinical use to treat a certain type of malignant tumours still show a high rate of resistance in some patients. Many types of available cancer biomarkers failed to manage and resolve this problem because of the lack of both sensitivity and specificity of these markers. Advanced researches in epigenetics highlight the importance of certain non-coding genes in diagnosing and follow-up of patients with different types of cancer. One of these substances is microRNAs (miRNAs) which showed high sensitivity and specificity as cancer biomarkers. miRNAs are highly stable and expressed in different types of human body samples; some of them are tissue specific. These features make them available as cancer biomarkers, and they are started to be in clinical use recently. 
Comunidades de Energia Renovável
Authors: Mendes José Gomes
Published: January 2023

Na evolução da Humanidade, as comunidades surgem como estratégia de optimização dos recursos dos indivíduos. A partilha destes recursos permite garantir maior segurança física (face aos predadores) e segurança de abastecimento (especialização em caça e, mais tarde, agricultura). Como vantagem adicional, evoluímos no conhecimento geral e na nossa capacidade de organização enquanto grupo, ultrapassando largamente os sonhos dos primeiros grupos que se juntaram. As comunidades de energia oferecem derivações das vantagens iniciais: segurança física, optando por menores centrais e de energia limpa e segura, e segurança de abastecimento, não só por a organização local permitir a substituição de pelo menos parte da energia que nos chega de origens pouco recomendáveis, como a capacidade acrescida em lidar com fenómenos de perturbação da rede, como tempestades ou fogos, cuja frequência e intensidade se prevê aumentar. Também agora se preveem vantagens adicionais, como a democratização e acessibilidade da energia ou o potenciar de investimentos em energia renovável, crucial para a descarbonização da sociedade. Este é um conceito permitido pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico, tanto na frente da energia como na da comunicação/informação, apenas agora atingido. No entanto, atendendo à existência de um sistema energético organizado anteriormente a estas possibilidades, tem tido uma evolução difícil. Tendo sido um dos primeiros países a legislar o conceito, três anos depois ainda não podemos estar satisfeitos com a fraca penetração do conceito na nossa sociedade. Para perceber o potencial das comunidades de energia, foram convidados alguns dos melhores especialistas nacionais para, em cada uma das diferentes vertentes desta nova área de conhecimento, nos esclarecerem sobre as vantagens e limitações desta realidade, com especial ênfase na sua aplicação em Portugal.
Preparación del abono orgánico Bocashi
Authors:   ‎‎Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia),   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Alcaldía de La Macarena, (Colombia)
Published: January 2023

En el siguiente video se encuentra el proceso de elaboración del abono orgánico Bocashi, también sus ingredientes y recomendaciones para una perfecta elaboración
An Analysis of Power Dynamics Affecting Handwashing Interventions in Sierra Leone: Findings From a Qualitative Participatory Study
Authors: Luetke Lanfer Hanna , Brew-Sam Nicola , Rossmann Constanze
Published: January 2023

Background

Handwashing is an effective and cost-efficient health behavior for preventing infectious diseases; however, its practice is shaped by multiple contextual factors and inequalities between different social groups in Sierra Leone. To address these inequalities, participatory approaches that allow a more equitable distribution of resources and the development of locally tailored interventions are increasingly used. However, social power dynamics have not been well integrated into the concept of participation, despite their known impact.

Objective

We sought to investigate the role of power dynamics in participatory approaches to handwashing in Sierra Leone.

Methods

From a socio-ecological perspective, this qualitative, formative interview study aimed to identify relevant actors and their power relationships before designing a participatory handwashing project in rural Sierra Leone. A field experiment with focus groups and a research diary compared the development of power dynamics in a participatory, community-driven approach with that in a nonparticipatory top-down approach.

Results

According to our formative study, in community-based projects, multiple groups and actors interact directly or indirectly with each other, located within a macro level (eg, political institutions), meso level (eg, community leaders and groups), and micro level (eg, families) of a socio-ecological model. Although distinct leadership structures were noticeable and affected intervention attendance and processes of change in nonparticipatory approaches, community-led activities and handwashing increased in the participatory approach, irrespective of the leadership structure. Despite their ambivalence, the strategic inclusion of different community leaders appeared essential to enhance the value of the project, mobilize creative action, and empower lower-ranking individuals to practice handwashing. A similar ambivalent role could be observed in relation to external researchers, especially if they come from a different cultural background than the research participants, for example, from a Western country in a non-Western project setting. Although external researchers can initiate a project or provide certain resources, distinct expectations regarding their roles and resources can impact participatory efforts and power relations.

Conclusions

The results highlight the advantages of participatory approaches for health promotion. Power dynamics should be a core component of continuous reflection and analysis in participatory projects.
Black Girls Run Too: A Content Analysis of the Black Girls Run National Facebook Group
Authors: Kalinowski Jolaade , Idiong Christie , Blackman-Carr Loneke , Cooksey-Stowers Kristen , Davis Sharde , Pan Cindy , Chhabra Alisha , Eaton Lisa , Gans Kim , Pagoto Sherry
Published: January 2023

Background

Recent evidence suggests that 59%-73% of Black women are not reaching recommended targets for physical activity (PA). PA is a key modifiable lifestyle factor that can help mitigate risk for chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, which disproportionately affect Black women. Web-based communities focused on PA have been emerging in recent years as digital gathering spaces to provide support for PA in specific populations.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to conduct a content analysis of the Black Girls Run (BGR) Facebook page, which is devoted to promoting PA in Black women and has over 230,000 followers. Such data can inform future social media–based interventions.

Methods

We collected 397 posts and associated engagement data from the national BGR Facebook page for the 6-month period between June 1 and December 31, 2021. We then conducted a content analysis of these posts and examined which types of posts elicited the most engagement.

Results

The content analysis revealed 8 categories of posts: shout-outs (30.7%), goals or motivational posts (16.3%), announcements (15.9%), sponsored posts or advertisements (13.6%), health-related posts (11.0%), the lived Black experience posts (5.79%), self-care posts (3.78%), and holiday-related posts or greetings (2.02%). These 397 posts attracted a total of 55,573 engagements. Of these, 33,560 were “reactions” (eg, likes) and 5082 were shares. Shout-outs elicited the highest engagement (22,268 engagements), followed by goals or motivational posts (11,490 engagements).

Conclusions

The majority of content on the BGR Facebook page (62.9%) was focused on celebrating member achievements, motivating members to become active, and announcing and promoting active events. This content also attracted 75% of the engagement on this page. BGR appears to be a rich web-based community that offers social support for PA as well as culturally relevant health and social justice content. Web-based communities may be uniquely positioned to engage minoritized populations in health behavior. Further research should explore how to best leverage web-based communities in interventions to increase PA and other lifestyle behaviors.

Conflicts of Interest

None declared.
What Does DALL-E 2 Know About Radiology?
Authors: Adams Lisa C , Busch Felix , Truhn Daniel , Makowski Marcus R , Aerts Hugo J W L , Bressem Keno K
Published: January 2023

Generative models, such as DALL-E 2 (OpenAI), could represent promising future tools for image generation, augmentation, and manipulation for artificial intelligence research in radiology, provided that these models have sufficient medical domain knowledge. Herein, we show that DALL-E 2 has learned relevant representations of x-ray images, with promising capabilities in terms of zero-shot text-to-image generation of new images, the continuation of an image beyond its original boundaries, and the removal of elements; however, its capabilities for the generation of images with pathological abnormalities (eg, tumors, fractures, and inflammation) or computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasound images are still limited. The use of generative models for augmenting and generating radiological data thus seems feasible, even if the further fine-tuning and adaptation of these models to their respective domains are required first.
Nexus between Financial Leverage and Board Independence of Public-Listed Firms: Is There Any Stylised Fact?
Authors: Kok Wai-Cheng , Lau Wee-Yeap , Yip Tien-Ming
Published: January 2023

Introduction/Main Objectives: This paper examines the relationship between financial leverage and board independence for firms listed on the Malaysian stock exchange. Research Methods: This research is conducted using sample of 265 non-financial firms listed on Bursa Malaysia from 2014 to 2018. Finding/Results: Our results show: first, board independence is essential in reducing firm leverage. However, board independence does not affect all firms equally. In particular, board independence has insignificant influences on the financial leverage of young or small firms. In contrast, the financial leverage of old or large firms is negatively associated with board independence. Second, the financial leverage of firms with low profitability is adversely affected by the presence of independent directors. However, the negative impact diminishes as the firms' profitability increases. Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of having independent directors for old, large, or low-profitability firms to reduce their financial leverage. These findings contribute to the stylised facts of the nexus between financial leverage and board independence.
Realita Sosial di Sekitar Wacana Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Akun @Tt_Guillaume
Authors: Sulistiyawati Rahmalia Intan , Firmonasari Aprilia
Published: January 2023

The problem of sexual violence has become a sensitive issue that has attracted the attention of various groups of people. In addition, this action classifies as a criminal act that causes physical and psychological harm. Sexual violence happens not only to women's groups but also to subordinated minority groups in society, such as the LGBTQ+ group. In early 2021, to be precise, in France, a student and student activist experienced sexual aggression by a politician from one of the dominant political parties there. He tried to seek justice by making testimony through his Twitter account. Unexpectedly, his testimony uttered various reactions related to the social reality of society. This article aims to explore and analyze the social context and speech response patterns that represent that context. Multiple stories of netizens' responses to testimonies of sexual violence uploaded by the @TT_Guillaume account that occurred in 2018 became the object of the study of this article. In writing the article, the method used is reading all the responses in the reply section, recording all the answers found. Moreover, the next step is classifying dan analyzing the data found, which is associated with Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis theory. The research discovers that the social context of Guillaume's utterances was related to sexual violence in institutions in France and influenced the presence of other testimonies. In addition, patterns that represent these social conditions were also found
Motivasi, Persepsi, dan Perilaku Pasca Konsumsi Wisatawan Domestik Terhadap Kuliner Sate Klatak di Imogiri Timur Yogyakarta
Authors: Dewi Juwita Sari Rizky Millenia , Fonsen Muhammad Jhony , Aprilia Annisa Dwi , Syahri Aqila Ramiza , H Shafandra Cahya L , Zuhair Yasin Adib , Wachyuni Suci Sandi
Published: January 2023

Klatak satay is an iconic food originating from the Bantul Regency of Yogyakarta. Sate klatak was named the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia in 2019 by the Ministry of Education and Culture. As an Intangible Cultural Heritage, satay klatak needs to be preserved so that the regeneration process continues and its existence remains sustainable. Tourists coming to eat Sate Klatak have various motivations. The purpose of this study is to review the motivation, perception, post-consumption behaviour of domestic tourists Sate Klatak East Imogiri, Yogyakarta. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The data collection technique is by distributing online questionnaires via WhatsApp and Instagram. The results showed that the biggest motivation for tourists to consume satay klatak Imogiri was recommendations from friends and relatives. Furthermore, Sate Klatak East Imogiri is incredibly well-received because of its popularity, taste, and appearance. Tourists also show satisfaction in post-consumption behavior, namely, returning and recommending it to relatives. The theoretical implication of this study is that these three variables can be used as indicators of local culinary evaluation. Meanwhile, as a practical implication, the research results can be used as suggestions for local culinary development in destinations, especially Sate Klatak East Imogiri
A Study on the Application of Project Learning in Language Subjects
Authors: Xia Jingfang
Published: January 2023

Because project-based learning is contextual, practical and comprehensive, it has a strong relevance to the literacy-based language subject teaching reform. Project-based learning in language subjects is context-based, points to deep learning and has a tendency of holistic learning. It is a shift from designing problems to designing learning, from teaching knowledge to providing scaffolding, and from test orientation to process evaluation. The design of project-based learning in language subjects needs to follow the principles of reverse design, self-construction and goal congruence.
Importancia del estigma en epilepsia a una enfermedad mortal
Authors: Gómez Martínez Sarai , Hernández-Martínez Hugo Enrique , Givaudan Jiménez Julieta , Guerrero-García Juan Carlos , Saucedo-Alvarado Pablo Eduardo , Velasco Ana Luisa
Published: January 2023

Stigma is a phenomenon characterized by a negative response to a person possessing a different attribute within the social group it develops. Two types of stigmas have been described: perceived (felt) and promoted (enacted). Among the diseases with the greatest burden associated with stigma is epilepsy, one of the most prevalent neurological diseases worldwide and with a chronic course. In recent years, greater interest has been shown in the study of this phenomenon since it directly affects the quality of life of people with epilepsy, influencing their personal, academic and work development and prognosis.
Keywords: Epilepsy; stigma; perceived; promoted; attitudes
Cistadenoma mucinoso del apéndice cecal en paciente con cuadro clínico de apendicitis aguda operado de apendicetomía por laparoscopia
Authors: Valencia Martínez Jesús Gerardo , Reynoso Saldaña Donovan , Reynoso González Ricardo , Ángeles Santillán Mariana , Aja Sixto Viridiana , Heredia Machuca Marcos Mauricio
Published: January 2023

Mucoceles of the appendix are rare, predominate in women and usually present as a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. Most patients are asymptomatic. The mucocele is defined as a cystic dilatation of the appendicular lumen caused by mucin accumulation. We present the case of a male patient in his seventh decade with clinical symptoms of acute abdomen with suspicion of acute appendicitis, laparoscopic hemicolectomy surgery was performed after finding findings of tumor dependent on ascending colon (blind region), indurated 80 × 100 mm approximately, performing right hemicolectomy plus ileocolonic lateroterminal anastomosis with adequate postoperative evolution.
Keywords: Mucocele; appendix; appendicitis.
Nudo verdadero como causa de taquicardia fetal persistente. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Geraldo-Murillo José Adrián , Pérez Juan Carlos , Rivera Rojas José Adrián
Published: January 2023

Umbilical cord abnormalities are associated with adverse effects during pregnancy. The true umbilical cord knot is present in 0.3-2.1% of pregnancies and has been associated with fetal death. Risk factors include maternal age, high BMI, multiparity, hypertensive disorders, smoking, polyhydramnios, gestational diabetes, male sex of the fetus, and other malformations. Prenatal
diagnosis of the true knot is rare and challenging. Most are diagnosed at birth and only 0.08% of
true knots are diagnosed prenatally. Non-reassuring cardiotocography traces may be present, reflecting hypoxic or mechanical stress disrupting fetal oxygenation. The aim of this case report is to present a case of true umbilical cord knot presenting with persistent fetal tachycardia during labor, resolved by vaginal delivery. Keywords: True knot; umbilical cord; fetal achycardia; stillbirth; fetal asphyxia.
Hipoplasia del lóbulo hepático izquierdo asintomático, hallazgo transquirúrgico, tomográfico y patológico Presentación de una rara entidad
Authors: Núñez-Venzor Alejandra , Parraguirre-Martínez Sara , ZubillagaMares Asya , Meza-Robles Alejandro , Barlandas-Quintana Erika , Hernández-Montiel Erika M. , Valenzuela-Salazar Carlos
Published: January 2023

Background: Abnormalities of liver morphology are rare, divided into two categories: those resulting from overgrowth of liver tissue, such as the Riedel lobe and other accessory lobes, and those with poor liver development include agenesis, hypoplasia and aplasia of the hepatic lobes.
Presentation of the case: 57-year-old man, subjected to laparoscopic programmed inguinal surgery, finding liver hypoplasia.
Conclusions: Hepatic hypoplasia is rare, has no symptoms or long-term clinical repercussions, is usually an incidental finding during an imaging study or during an abdominal surgical procedure.
Haga su diagnóstico
Authors: Frías Almaraz Julián Felipe
Published: January 2023

A 52-year-elderly female patient with irrelevant pathological history, went to the emergency department, with data of global aphasia and right side hemiface paresis . A simple phase skull tomography was performed.
Key words: aphasia, paresis, Computed Tomography, acute, ischemic, stroke
De la clorosis a la anemia por deficiencia de hierro. La evolución histórica de una enfermedad
Authors: Matadamas Zárate Cuauhtémoc , Hernández Jerónimo Julia M.
Published: January 2023

Chlorosis was a very frequent disease in medical literature from the 16th century to the beginning of the 20th century . For more than four centuries, this disease, also known as “green sickness” or “virgin disease” (morbus virgineus), occupied a predominant place in medical consultation and reached “epidemic” proportions in the eighteenth century and XIX (it was the most frequent blood disease in this century), transcending the field of medicine itself, with important social implications and influence on European painting and literature of those years. For several centuries there was no agreement regarding its etiology, and it was not until the development of hematology that it was considered a
frequent microcytic-hypochromic anemia in young women. When the mystery of its etiology was clarified, a new “mystery” occurred: its sudden disappearance from medical nosology and literature in the first decades of the last century. In this paper we review the historical evolution of a disease and the social construction of a concept of disease.
Keywords: Chlorosis, iron deficiency anemia, green disease