The role of GSTP1 lle105val polymorphism in the development of allergopatology in children of the industrial center of the Western Urals
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies: Perm, RU, Starkova K.G. , Dolgikh O.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies: Perm, RU, Alekseev V.B. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies: Perm, RU, Kazakova O.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies: Perm, RU, Legostaeva T.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies: Perm, RU
Published: January 2025

Introduction. A modern approach to the diagnostic support of patients with allergic diseases involves the introduction of innovative developments in the field of precision medicine, the development, identification and use of reliable biomarkers, including the determination of individual genetic variability in living conditions at various territories of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of the Ile105Val polymorphism of the GSTP1 gene (rs1695) in the development of allergic pathology and its connection with the characteristics of the formation of the immune profile in the child population of the industrial center of the Western Urals. Materials and methods. The observation group consisted of 34 children with allergic pathology. The comparison group included 37 children, relatively healthy, without allergies. Markers of hypersensitivity and cytokine status were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. In the group of children with allergic pathology, an increase in the eosinophilic-lymphocyte index was shown by 1.8 times, total IgE concentration by 4.7 times, a change in the level of serum cytokines IL-10 by 1.3 times and IL-4 by 1.8 times relative to the comparison group (p=0.005-0.038). Genetic analysis of the Ile105Val polymorphism of the GSTP1 gene revealed a 2.0-fold increase in the frequency of the homozygous AA genotype in the observation group (p=0.01). Allele A was associated with the development of allergies in the examined children (OR=2.36; 95% CI=1.16-4.79), while allele G had a protective value (OR=0.33; 95% CI= 0.12-0.89). An increase in the concentration of total IgE and blood eosinophils in carriers of the AA genotype was shown to be 4.6 times and 1.9 times, respectively, relative to owners of the AG and GG genotypes (p=0.013-0.031). Conclusion. Allele A and genotype AA of the polymorphic variant Ile105Val of the GSTP1 gene in children with allergic pathology act as sensitivity markers associated with the formation of allergies, a significant increase in total IgE, blood eosinophils and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, and can be considered as promising indicators of pathophysiological conditions associated with risk of development of atopic processes (allergic pathology) in children (RR=1.61; 95% CI=1.06-2.44) living in the Western Urals.
Keywords. Genetic polymorphism; GSTP1 gene; immunoglobulin E; eosinophils; IL-4.