bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desde la tradición occidental, el reto de abrirse a una justicia intercultural
Authors: Ansión Juan
Published: May 2023

Leoncia Dania Pariona Tarqui, hoy abogada titulada, nos acompañó como estudiante de derecho de la UNSCH desde nuestros primeros trabajos con el programa Hatun Ñan y, posteriormente, coordinó el trabajo de talleres y de entrevistas en Ayacucho. En el capítulo, ella nos presenta una aguda visión y reflexión sobre la enseñanza y la práctica del derecho en su región. Quisimos abrir el libro con ella porque su presentación, a la vez profunda y testimonial, plantea bien las limitaciones de una manera de concebir el derecho que aleja a la universidad y sus estudiantes de la realidad social y cultural de la región1 . Al rechazar un desarraigo de su propia realidad, ella representa a los muchos estudiantes originarios del mundo rural y quechuahablante deseosos de articular los conocimientos aprendidos en la universidad con su propia tradición cultural.
Dificultades y posibilidades para una formación universitaria en justicia intercultural
Authors: Ansión Juan
Published: May 2023

Observamos entonces a estudiantes sin aliciente para investigar sobre su propia cultura que dejan lo que aprendieron en sus familias para aprender un nuevo lenguaje el lenguaje «profesional» en ruptura con el lenguaje de sus familias, y esto no se refiere solo al abandono del quechua, sino también a la adquisición de un lenguaje técnico especializado. Es bueno que los estudiantes aprendan inglés y logren expresarse en un lenguaje más preciso, pero esto se da a costa de perder el contacto con conocimientos importantes que han permitido la vida y la reproducción social en los andes. Para avanzar en esta discusión, precisemos que se superponen aquí dos grandes problemas: la discriminación social hacia los estudiantes quechuahablantes y de origen rural, con la correspondiente actitud de miembros del personal administrativo y docente hacia ellos; y la crisis de las universidades públicas en el país. Pero, antes de entrar a estos problemas, veamos brevemente qué sucede con el Poder Judicial.
Panel : Jaime Reyes Miranda y Carlos Fernández Fontenoy
Authors: Reyes Miranda Jaime
Published: May 2023

Trataremos de hacer un primer diagnóstico sobre los casos planteados, que son extraídos del Observatorio de Actualidad de la Escuela de Gobierno de la PUCP. En otras palabras, advertiremos que hay una serie de factores que posibilitan y coadyuvan a que aparezcan y se desarrollen los comportamientos corruptos, corruptelas y prácticas corruptas en la sociedad y en el sector público. Si, a partir de estos casos, nos imaginamos la estructura del Estado peruano, observaremos que la mayoría de ellos se encuentran en la cúspide del poder; es decir, en el nivel central: el Congreso, el Poder Judicial y el Poder Ejecutivo. Pero también es importante examinar los niveles intermedios, esto es, los mesogobiernos, no solo la parte mediática y que llama la atención. Asimismo, debemos observar los diferentes niveles de gobierno regional y local donde todavía no se han puesto los reflectores. En otros países se ha producido y se ha destapado una serie de escándalos a escala municipal; nosotros aún no hemos llegado a eso, pero pronto ocurrirá. Ahora bien, la corrupción es, como lo dijo Alfonso Quiroz y muy bien lo detallaron José Távara y todos los participantes del seminario, un fenómeno que ha existido desde siempre.
La corrupción vista desde la escena política
Authors: Pease García Henry
Published: May 2023

Cuando circunscribimos los hechos de corrupción precisando que ocurren en la escena política nos proponemos metodológicamente analizar los hechos respecto a su impacto en la opinión pública y cómo ello afecta a las instituciones políticas durante un régimen y periodo determinado; y es que al periodizar la historia los investigadores podemos hacer un trabajo de laboratorio. Por ello, analizar las particularidades de cada hecho de corrupción en su articulación y lógica de intereses es enriquecedor para emprender las asociaciones que nos permite este fenómeno e, incluso, para que se evidencie la tensión inherente entre el ámbito privado y público, así como entre lo económico y social en nuestra sociedad. Por ello, hemos creído conveniente presentar los diversos hechos de corrupción que conmovieron a la opinión pública y los analistas dividiéndolos en categorías: a) casos puntuales e individuales en autoridades, y b) casos en entidades del Estado.
España y los Estados Unidos en el imaginario cultural hispanoamericano después de "El Desastre"
Authors: Alonso Carlos J.
Published: May 2023

El tema que me propongo abordar es el papel que jugó la categoría de los Estados Unidos en el discurso cultural hispanoamericano de fines de siglo, especialmente a partir de los acontecimientos históricos de 1898. Dicho de otro modo, lo que me interesa subrayar es la manera en que los Estados Unidos fueron incorporados, mediante un acto de apropiación simbólica, a la retórica cultural de la intelectualidad hispanoamericana. Si esta última aseveración rezuma un constructivismo discursivo es porque la historia de los intentos de definir a los Estados Unidos lo delata decididamente. Solo hay que examinar dos obras tan distantes en el tiempo una de la otra como La democracia en América de Tocqueville y el ensayo reciente America de Jean Baudrillard para percatarse de que existen unos Estados Unidos a la francesa, del mismo modo que hay unos Estados Unidos que son una construcción retórica que surge consecuentemente de la ensayística del mundo hispano. El planeta americano de Vicente Verdú, un libro que ganó el Premio Anagrama de Ensayo en 1996, se deja leer por momentos como una reescritura posmodema y desapasionada del emplazamiento ético y estético de los Estados Unidos que hiciera José Enrique Rodó en su Ariel, y comparte con su famoso antecedente la tendencia exasperante a la generalización y a la condena disfrazada de elogio.
El 98 en la memoria documental cubana
Authors: Ramos Hernández Reinaldo
Published: May 2023

La riqueza documental que atesoran los fondos del Archivo Nacional de Cuba con relación a la gesta independentista de 1895-1898 es insustituible a la hora de realizar un estudio objetivo y pormenorizado de la contienda en todas sus facetas. Esto es particularmente significativo en lo referido a la culminación de la guerra y especialmente a los sucesos del año 98. Teniendo en cuenta los intereses y las demandas de la comunidad académica estudiosa del tema, nos dimos a la tarea de revisar toda la información dispersa en los fondos procesados de la institución relacionada con este importante periodo de la historia patria. Se realizó una búsqueda documental en todos los fondos que contuvieron información sobre la etapa, a partir de un criterio cronológicamente establecido. Como fechas extremas, se escogieron el mes de noviembre de 1897, momento en que se decreta la Constitución Colonial Autonómica, y diciembre de 1899, por lo que este año representó en cuanto a las consecuencias que para el país tuvieron los hechos acaecidos en el periodo anterior. Además del criterio cronológico, se tuvo en cuenta el valor de la información contenida en los expedientes de cada fondo. Se procuró recoger fuentes ya conocidas por los investigadores, pero, sobre todo, otras que hasta ahora habían permanecido inéditas. Como resultado de toda esa búsqueda, se seleccionó en definitiva un total de dieciséis fondos que incluyen desde la papelería generada por instituciones cubanas y españolas hasta fondos personales y colecciones de archivo.
Imagen de Rubén Darío en la poesía de Antonio Machado
Authors: González Montes Antonio
Published: May 2023

Al hacer un recuento rápido de su vida, Antonio Machado evoca algunos de sus viajes realizados a París, ciudad identificada con el arte en general y con la poesía en particular. Refiriéndose a su periplo de 1899, dice: «De Madrid a París a los veinticuatro años. París era todavía la ciudad del "affaire Dreyfus" en política, del simbolismo en poesía, del impresionismo en pintura, del escepticismo elegante en crítica. Conocí personalmente a Osear Wilde y a Jean Moréas. La gran figura literaria, el gran consagrado era Anatole France» (Machado 1966: 15). Al recordar otro viaje de Madrid a París, efectuado en 1902, Machado señala que ese año conoció en dicha ciudad a Rubén Darío, que ya desde 1888 era una figura destacada en las letras castellanas; pues llevaba publicados Azul ... y Prosas profanas, dos libros representativos de la escuela modernista, con la cual Antonio Machado mantuvo relaciones muy singulares, como veremos a continuación.
La conservación de los humedales peruanos: un análisis de su legislación, sanciones y consecuencias
Authors: Toledo Sheyla , Aponte Héctor , Gil Fernando
Published: May 2023

Los humedales son ecosistemas valiosos a nivel mundial, principalmente por la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos. En el Perú estos ecosistemas cuentan con una normativa que ha venido funcionando los últimos 60 años, pero hasta la fecha no se ha hecho una evaluación crítica de la misma. El presente trabajo compila y analiza la normativa relacionada a los humedales peruanos, evaluando sus sanciones y su coherencia con los sistemas legales de protección de estas áreas. Como resultado, se encontraron 44 documentos repartidos en leyes (13), decretos (11), resoluciones (8), estrategias (6), reglamentos (3), protocolo (1), declaración (1) y la constitución. El 85% de los documentos (37) no presentan sanción; siete tuvieron una sanción; estos últimos, sancionan la contaminación (4 documentos), la sobreexplotación del recurso (3), la mala gestión (3), la acumulación de escombros (1), la presencia de desagües (1), así como impactos que se utilizan para evaluar el estado de conservación en áreas protegidas como contaminación (7), sobre uso de recursos (4), desplazamiento de especies nativas por introducción de especies exóticas (3) y la pérdida de hábitat (2). Se discute la evolución temporal de los documentos, las sanciones que brindan y se reconoce la necesidad de fortalecer los aspectos reglamentarios y plantear estrategias de forma conjunta con las autoridades encargadas y la población.
Milk Markets in Agropastoralist Areas of Africa – A Photoset
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Bellwood-Howard Imogen , Bukari Kaderi Noagah ,   University of Cape Coast, Cheptarus Gideon ,   Theland Farmers’ Cooperative, Cheptoo Nicholas ,   Eldume Farmers’ Cooperative, Eran’Ogwa Bronson ,   The Source Plus, Jerogony Lucy , Keroi Felix Rotich , Kibowit Titus Chepchieng , Kioko Eric ,   Kenyatta University, Leita Nelson M. , Lesoiles Petronillah S. , Matthew Jackline , Saola Ruth , Tuwei Kelvin , Wangai Peter Waweru
Published: May 2023

The photos displayed in this document were taken in Kenya and Ghana as part of the research project Connecting Agropastoral Food Culture Research to Livestock Commercialisation Policy.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS OF PARABOLA MOTION USING TRACKER SOFTWARE FOR PHYSICS LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono
Published: May 2023

One of the problems in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is monotonous learning. This fact requires teachers to be able creating joy learning. Not only focusing on the knowledge aspect, but also the skill aspect through experiment from home by using technology. So that students feel happy and motivated to learn, able to prove the concepts in real-life, so physics can be understood contextually. One of the software that can be used for distance learning based on physics experiment is tracker. According the facts, the researchers try to develop the learning materials topics parabolic motion using tracker. The research method in this research using 4D model (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate) of Thiargarajan. From the results of the reserach, it can be concluded that, (1) video analysis of parabolic motion using tracker can be getting appropriate results. (2) the results of the design of learning materials for parabolic motion materials include: title, learning instructions, learning objectives, parabolic motion materials, and questions based on critical thinking indicators of interpretation, analysis, evaluation and inference.
The evolution of cancer genomic medicine in Japan and the role of the National Cancer Center Japan
Authors: Yoshida Teruhiko , Yatabe Yasushi , Kato Ken , Ishii Genichiro , Hamada Akinobu , Mano Hiroyuki , Sunami Kuniko , Yamamoto Noboru , Kohno Takashi
Published: May 2023

The journey to implement cancer genomic medicine (CGM) in oncology practice began in the 1980s, which is considered the dawn of genetic and genomic cancer research. At the time, a variety of activating oncogenic alterations and their functional significance were unveiled in cancer cells, which led to the development of molecular targeted therapies in the 2000s and beyond. Although CGM is still a relatively new discipline and it is difficult to predict to what extent CGM will benefit the diverse pool of cancer patients, the National Cancer Center (NCC) of Japan has already contributed considerably to CGM advancement for the conquest of cancer. Looking back at these past achievements of the NCC, we predict that the future of CGM will involve the following: 1) A biobank of paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues and cells from various cancer types and stages will be developed. The quantity and quality of these samples will be compatible with omics analyses. All biobank samples will be linked to longitudinal clinical information. 2) New technologies, such as whole-genome sequencing and artificial intelligence, will be introduced and new bioresources for functional and pharmacologic analyses (e.g., a patient-derived xenograft library) will be systematically deployed. 3) Fast and bidirectional translational research (bench-to-bedside and bedside-to-bench) performed by basic researchers and clinical investigators, preferably working alongside each other at the same institution, will be implemented; 4) Close collaborations between academia, industry, regulatory bodies, and funding agencies will be established. 5) There will be an investment in the other branch of CGM, personalized preventive medicine, based on the individual’s genetic predisposition to cancer.
Population Genomics of SARS-CoV-2 in the Constituent Entities of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts
Authors: Mironova L. V. , Bondaryuk A. N. , Sidorova E. A. , Bochalgin N. O. , Fedotova I. S. , Bukin Yu. S. , Ponomareva A. S. , Andaev E. I. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic structure of populations and the patterns of evolutionary variability of the novel coronavirus infection in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Materials and methods. 1033 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 from eight entities of the Siberia and Far East between December 2020 and November 2021 were assessed. Sequencing was performed on the MinION Oxford Nanopore platform using the ARTIC v.3 protocol. The degree of SARS-CoV-2 genetic isolation was estimated applying the Fst criterion. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using maximum likelihood method and Bayesian phylogenetic inference. A nonparametric Bayesian Skyline Plot (BSP) model was used to reconstruct population dynamics. Results and discussion. The original SARS-CoV-2 variant (B.1) was identified in 100 % of the cases at the initial stages. The Alpha variant was detected in March-June, 2021; Beta – in single samples in March-May, 2021. Delta was first identified in April, 2021. The maximum degree of SARS-CoV-2 genetic isolation (Fst=0.18) was established for the most remote territories (Altai Territory ↔ Republic of Buryatia and Altai Territory ↔ Irkutsk Region). A relatively free circulation of the virus was detected between Irkutsk Region, Republic of Buryatia and Krasnoyarsk Territory. According to the results of population genetic tests, a sharp increase in the effective virus population size was the determining mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity formation. Reconstruction of population dynamics in BEAST (BSP model) has revealed the consistency of trends in the genetic diversity of the virus and the number of active cases. Two subclusters have been identified in the Delta cluster, consisting predominantly of samples isolated in the Irkutsk Region and Krasnoyarsk Territory. Change in the dominant variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been traced in dynamics. Molecular-epidemiological data point to the multiple pathways of spatial expansion of different SARS-CoV-2 genotypes into the constituent entities with generation of individual monophyletic clusters and further intra- and extraterritorial spread of the decedents.
The Effect of COVID‑19 on the Incidence of Human Vector-Borne Infections Transmitted by Ixodid Ticks (Illustrated by the Example of Krasnoyarsk Territory)
Authors: Nikitin A. Ya. , Sorokina O. V. , Andaev E. I. , Kharlamp’eva N. Yu. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: May 2023

In 2022, there was an increase in the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and ixodid tick-borne borreliosis (ITBB) in the subjects of the Russian Federation, federal districts and the country as a whole. At the same time, among people affected by ixodid ticks, the proportion of clinical forms of the diseases has increased. The aim of this study is to analyze the possible causes of the simultaneous increase in the incidence of vector-borne infections and the proportion of clinical forms among the people bitten by the ticks, using the materials on Krasnoyarsk Territory as an example. Materials and methods. We analyzed the incidence of TBE and ITBB among the people who have or haven’t had COVID‑19, the number of people affected by tick bites in 2021–2022 in Krasnoyarsk Territory. Statistical analysis is performed by standard methods of variational statistics using Excel. Results and discussion. It is shown that in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, with a decrease in the number of individuals affected by tick bites in 2022 as compared to 2021 (12216 and 13214, respectively), there was an increase in the number of cases of TBE (from 124 to 250) and ITBB (from 115 to 224), as well as the proportion of people who had clinical forms of the infections after tick bites. Among three possible explanations of the observed pattern, a decrease in the immune status of Krasnoyarsk residents who had had COVID‑19 before the contact with ticks is considered as the most likely one. Using statistical methods it was substantiated that among people with TBE and ITBB, the proportion of individuals who have had COVID‑19 is significantly higher than expected, based on the actual incidence of the Krasnoyarsk Territory population with a new coronavirus infection. Thus, COVID‑19 affects the incidence of vector-borne infections indirectly, through a change in the number of people contacts with natural stations, and directly, by changing the immune status.
Results of a Joint Epizootiological Survey of Transboundary Natural Plague Foci of the Russian Federation and Potentially Focal Territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2019–2022
Authors: Senichkina A. M. , Sharova I. N. , Magerramov Sh. V. , Zakharov K. S. , Kuznetsov A. A. , Chekashov V. N. , Porshakov A. M. , Korneev M. G. , Proskuryakova M. V. , Kislitsyn Yu. V. , Belyaev A. I. , Kim I. B. , Nurmagambetova L. B. , Kozulina I. G. , Bashmakov A. A. , Bashmakova A. A. , Kovalevskaya A. A. , Adilov R. I. , Grigor’ev M. P. , Kuklev E. V. , Grazhdanov A. K.
Published: May 2023

Consolidation of the efforts in implementation of epidemiological surveillance and control over plague and other dangerous natural-focal infections is an essential aspect in ensuring epidemiological well-being as regards particularly dangerous infectious diseases in the territory of natural plague foci and potentially focal territories located within the borders of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The aim of the work was to carry out a joint epizootiological survey of the transboundary territories of the Volga-Ural sandy natural plague focus and the territory of the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) potentially focal for plague over the period of 2019–2022. Materials and methods. Samples of field materials, collected during the epizootiological survey of the territory of Kazakhstan, were studied using bacteriological, molecular-genetic, and immune-serological methods. Results and discussion. We have obtained the current evidence on the spatial-biocenotic structure, the circulation of pathogens of dangerous natural-focal infectious diseases in the transboundary territories of Eastern and Western Kazakhstan. It has been established that the conditions that contribute to the possibility of human infection with plague and other dangerous infectious diseases in case of the aggravation of epizootic situation in the foci or importation of the pathogens into the territory are in place.
Review on the Epizootiological Situation on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza around the World and in Russia in 2022
Authors: Marchenko V. Yu. , Svyatchenko S. V. , Onkhonova G. S. , Goncharova N. I. , Ryzhikov A. B. , Maksyutov R. A. , Gavrilova E. V.
Published: May 2023

This paper describes the current situation on highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in 2022 and provides forecast of the possible further spread of avian influenza in Russia. In 2022, the circulation of a wide variety of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtypes, which have epizootiological and epidemiological significance, was recorded in the world. Outbreaks caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza virus were reported in over 60 countries. In addition, human infections with influenza viruses of the A(H5Nx) and A(H9N2) subtypes were registered. There was a large-scale epizootic which affected more than 10 regions of the European part of Russia and the Russian Far East in 2022. Outbreaks among wild birds and poultry were caused by the highly pathogenic influenza virus A(H5N1) of the clade 2.3.4.4b, at the same time genetic and antigenic diversity was observed among viruses circulating in Russia. Thus, an essential geographical role of the territory of Russia in the global spread of avian influenza virus has been shown once again, which highlights the importance of continuous avian influenza virus surveillance in the country.
SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT AND REDOX CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER TRIASSIC OSAWA FORMATION IN THE SOUTHERN KITAKAMI TERRANE, JAPAN: INSIGHTS INTO OCEAN REDOX STRATIFICATION AND FAUNAL RECOVERY
Authors: ISHIZAKI YOSHINO , SHIINO YUTA
Published: May 2023

The sedimentary environments and redox conditions of the Lower Triassic Osawa Formation in the Southern Kitakami Terrane were reconstructed based on lithofacies, trace fossils, and other paleontological content. The muddy and sandy lithofacies of the Osawa Formation lack evidence of storm waves despite the presence of storm-induced turbidites, suggesting that the oldest deposits of the Osawa Formation were deposited in the proximal part of the outer shelf. In turn, water depth increased from the lower to upper part of the formation, ultimately recording the distal part of the outer shelf. In addition to sandy lithofacies caused by turbidity and traction currents, multiple sandy layers within the muddy lithofacies would have originated via supply into the prodelta setting from a fan delta system. Collapses of the delta front or river system floods could have generated hyperpycnal flows, resulting in abundant supplies of mud and organic matter. Trace fossil analyses revealed that the degree of bioturbation (ichnofabric indices) dramatically decreased as water-depth increased, indicating a steep oxic-dysoxic gradient along the onshore-offshore transect. Diagenetic pyrite framboids indicative of dysoxic/anoxic benthic conditions are abundant at greater water depths. Abundant pyrite framboids less than 6 μm in diameter suggest intermittent euxinicity. With an increase in global weathering, abundant sediment supply including organic matter from the fan delta system could have contributed to the development of ocean redox stratification, which appears to have impacted on the adaptation of both nektic and benthic animals of this area during the Early Triassic.
SIMPLE STRUCTURES AND COMPLEX STORIES: POTENTIAL MICROBIALLY INDUCED SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES IN THE EDIACARAN SERRA DE SANTA HELENA FORMATION, BAMBUÍ GROUP, EASTERN BRAZIL
Authors: OKUBO JULIANA , INGLEZ LUCAS , UHLEIN GABRIEL J. , WARREN LUCAS V. , XIAO SHUHAI
Published: May 2023

Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) are abundant in Ediacaran and lower Cambrian successions. However, the relationship between MISS distribution and facies has not been thoroughly explored in Ediacaran–Cambrian successions in South America. This study documents the occurrence of MISS and other potential biogenic structures from the late Ediacaran Serra de Santa Helena Formation in the Bambuí Group of eastern Brazil. This unit overlies the Cloudina-bearing Sete Lagoas Formation and is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic succession devoid of macroscopic body fossils. Potential microbial structures include wrinkled structures such as “elephant-skin” and Kinneyia-like textures, as well as pustular structures and abundant positive epirelief discoidal structures. Another putative biogenic structure is a mm-wide meandering groove resembling a simple locomotion trail of a small vagile benthic metazoan. Microbial surface textures (i.e., “elephant skin” and Kinneyia-type wrinkles) were mainly observed in heterolithic deposits, usually at the interface between sandstone and siltstone/shale. On the other hand, discs show a facies-independent distribution, observed in heterolithic as well as carbonate and marl deposits. Petrographic analyses of these discs suggest that they have complex origins and some of them may be diagenetic structures. Thus, while facies may have strongly controlled the preservation of MISS-related structures and textures in the Serra de Santa Helena Formation, their abundance and diversity in tidal flat deposits indicate the wide distribution of matgrounds in these shallow marine paleoenvironments. Also, we demonstrate how detailed description and classification of simple features, such as discoidal structures, is an important task for paleoenvironmental reconstruction of marine ecosystems at the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition when the microbially bounded substrates played important roles in the dynamics of coastal environments.
A mathematical model of demand with unpredictable salt supply: a case study in Madura
Authors: Maflahah Iffan , Wirjodirdjo Budisantoso , Karningsih Putu Dana
Published: May 2023

The proposed mathematical model aims to optimize the amount of demand based on the uncertainty of salt supply to meet the needs of salt in society. This study uses an econometric approach to model the supply and demand for salt based on the uncertainty of the amount of supply. The research results are the salt productivity model used to build a salt availability model. Meanwhile, the salt demand model is built based on past data about the number of requests for each period. The demand and supply functions for salt use a two-variable linear equation system. The salt field productivity models follow a quadratic polynomial pattern according to the difference in seasons at each time. The demand and supply of salt model follows a linear regression. The supply of salt in Indonesia is uncertain at any time. But, the demand for salt increased at the time. It is necessary to model the demand and supply of salt to meet the demand for salt
An On-demand Photonic Ising Machine with Simplified Hamiltonian Calculation by Phase-encoding and Intensity Detection
Authors: Ouyang Jiayi , Liao Yuxuan , Ma Zhiyao , Kong Deyang , Feng Xue , Zhang Xiang , Dong Xiaowen , Cui Kaiyu , Liu Fang , Zhang Wei , Huang Yidong
Published: May 2023

The photonic Ising machine is a new paradigm of optical computing that takes advantages of the unique properties of light wave propagation, parallel processing and low loss transmission. Thus, the process of solving the combinatorial optimization problems can be accelerated through photonic/optoelectronic devices. In this work, we have proposed and demonstrated the Phase-Encoding and Intensity Detection Ising Annealer (PEIDIA) capable of solving arbitrary Ising problems on demand. The PEIDIA employs the heuristic algorithm and requires only one step of optical linear transformation with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by encoding the Ising spins on the phase term of the optical field and performing intensity detection during the solving process. As a proof of principle, several 20 and 30-dimensional Ising problems have been solved with high ground state probability (≥0.97/0.85 for 20/30-spin Ising model).
The Effects of Intraovarian Injection of Autologous Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Poor Ovarian Response
Authors: Zafardoust Simin , Kazemnejad Somaieh , Fathi-Kazerooni Mina , Darzi Maryam , Sadeghi Mohammad Reza , Tabar Ali Sadeghi , Sehat Zahra
Published: May 2023

Background
The major obstacle associated with assisted reproduction is poor ovarian response (POR) to controlled ovarian stimulation. Consequently, mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been proposed as a potential treatment for female infertility and/or restoration of ovarian function in POR women. The initial phase of the study showed an increase in pregnancy rate for women with POR who received menstrual blood-derived-mesenchymal stromal cells (MenSCs) into their ovaries. The objective was to evaluate whether this treatment could improve ovarian reserve parameters and pregnancy outcome in a larger population with POR.
Method
This study included 180 infertile individuals with reduced ovarian reserve who declined oocyte donation. The participants were separated into two groups according to their preference: those who received bilateral MenSCs intraovarian injection and those who did not receive any intervention. These two groups were further divided into two age categories (≤ 40 years and > 40 years). The primary outcomes assessed included a comparison of serum FSH, AMH, and AFC levels pre- and post-treatment. Secondary outcomes evaluated were the quantity and quality of oocytes and embryos, biochemical/clinical pregnancy rates, live birth rates.
Results
The treatment of MenSCs was found to be generally well-tolerated and free of safety issues. At the 2-4-month follow-up, there was a significant improvement in AMH (P = 0.0007) and AFC (P < 0.001) among the women treated with MenSCs, while the control group experienced a notable decrease in these values (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). A subgroup analysis based on age (≤ 40 years) revealed that 12 (27.3%) patients in the MenSCs group and just 2 (4.5%) patients in the control group had spontaneous pregnancies within 3 to 4 months (P = 0.003). Similarly, 8 people from the MenSCs group (27.6%) and 2 from the control group (4.8%) became pregnant after ICSI (P = 0.009).
Conclusion
The injection of MenSCs is an efficacious and safe methodology to improve markers of low ovarian reserve, particularly in women aged forty or younger. This treatment has been found to significantly increase the number and quality of oocytes, the embryo quality, the fertilization rate, and the pregnancy rate, particularly spontaneous pregnancies, and boost the live birth rate.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05703308. Registered 01/26/2023, retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05703308. IRCT, IRCT20180619040147N4. Registered 08/01/2020.
Genie: The First Open-Source ISO/IEC Encoder for Genomic Data
Authors: Müntefering Fabian , Adhisantoso Yeremia , Chandak Shubham , Ostermann Jörn , Hernaez Mikel , Voges Jan
Published: May 2023

For the last two decades, the amount of genomic data produced by scientific and medical applications has been growing at a rapid pace. To enable software solutions that analyze, process and transmit these data in an efficient and interoperable way, ISO and IEC released the first version of the compression standard MPEG-G in 2019. However, non-proprietary implementations of the standard are not openly available so far, limiting fair scientific assessment of the standard and therefore hindering its broad adoption. In this paper, we present Genie, the first open-source encoder that compresses genomic data according to the MPEG-G standard. We demonstrate that Genie reaches state-of-the-art compression ratios while offering interoperability with any other standard-compliant decoder independent from its manufacturer. Finally, the ISO/IEC ecosystem ensures the long-term sustainability and decodability of the compressed data through the ISO/IEC-supported reference decoder.
Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 Regulate Neuronal Plasticity and Cognition Independently of Their Phosphate Transport Ability
Authors: RAMOS-BROSSIER Mariana , ROMEO-GUITART David , LANTE Fabien , Boitez Valerie , MAILLIET François , SAHA Sohame , RIVAGORDA Manon , SIOPI Eleni , Namazanyy Ivan , Christine Leroy , Moriceau Stéphanie , BECK-CORMIER Sarah , Codogno Patrice , BUISSON Alain , BECK Laurent , Friedlander Gerard , Oury Franck
Published: May 2023

In recent years, primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a rare neurological disease characterized by a wide spectrum of cognitive disorders, has been associated to mutations in the sodium (Na)-Phosphate (Pi) co-transporter SLC20A2. However, the functional roles of the Na-Pi co-transporters in the brain remain still largely elusive. Here we show that Slc20a1/(PiT-1) and Slc20a2/(PiT-2) are the most abundant Na-Pi co-transporters expressed in the brain and are involved in the control of hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. We reveal that Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 are differentially distributed in the hippocampus and associated with independent gene clusters, suggesting that they influence cognition by different mechanisms. Accordingly, using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological and behavioral analyses, we show that while PiT-2 favors hippocampal neuronal branching and survival, PiT-1 promotes synaptic plasticity. The latter relies on a likely Otoferlin-dependent regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking, which impacts the GABAergic system. These results provide the first demonstration that Na-Pi co-transporters play key albeit distinct roles in the hippocampus pertaining to the control of neuronal plasticity and cognition. These findings could provide the foundation for the development of novel effective therapies for PFBC and cognitive disorders.
The VLF-induced ionospheric perturbations detected by DEMETER during solar minimum
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Dong Lei , Nie Lei
Published: May 2023

The VLF-induced ionospheric heating events from the power transmitter NWC are collected at extremely low solar activity years of 2008-2009, and their spatial and temporal distribution features are investigated. The spatial distribution of heating signals exhibits clear north-direction inclination of 2-3°, and covering area within 300 km radius in longitude and latitude. Plasma parameters show the obvious negative correlations between decreasingNeand increasingTe, and positive correlations of the increasing ion density and ion temperature during the VLF heating time. The ions move upwards to cause the perturbations in ULF electric field due toV x B.The VLF heating events easily occur at seasons with low plasma density, which illustrates that low plasma environment plays an important role in VLF-induced ionospheric heating. Typical three enhanced VLF signals are obtained, one at 19.8 kHz, one at the broadened frequency band of 19.8±300 Hz with one order of amplitude decreasing, and one between 19.5 kHz and lower hybrid frequency with at least two orders of amplitude reductions. These quasi electrostatic waves during VLF heating may not be from the VLF whistler conversion, but the lightning-whistler waves are enhanced when they pass through the plasma cavity formed during VLF heating process.
2.5D porous structure design based on mechanical topology optimization and principal stress field
Authors: Mamuti Maimaitijiang , Chao Long , Tian Zongjun
Published: May 2023

In engineering applications, 2.5D mechanical parts are widely used, and can be further optimized using porous structure to meet the requirements of high specific strength and lightweight. In this paper, a topological design methodology driven by principal stress field was proposed to realize the optimal distribution of materials while keeping the macroscopic model unchanged. The shape of pores relies on the Voronoi-Tessellation by offsetting the closed Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves. To improve the mechanical properties, information of Principal Stress Line (PSL) curves and stress values calculated from finite element analysis were fully utilized. It is expected that this work can offer some insights for Functionally Graded Porous Materials (FGPMs) design.
Synthesis of nano-silica oxide for heavy metals decontamination from aqueous solutions
Authors: Soliman Mohamed , Salama Eslam , Elsayed Mahmoud , Naeem Soheair , Ossman Mona , Meky Naira
Published: May 2023

In the current study, nano-silica oxide (nano-SiO2) was fabricated via the sol-gel technique. Then, the prepared nano-SiO2 was characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Furthermore, the fabricated nano-SiO2 was applied for the adsorption of lead Pb (II) and chromium Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. Additionally, the influence of different operating factors such as contact time, nano-SiO2 dose, initial pH, initial metal ions concentration, and the temperature was investigated. The nano-SiO2 dosages of 0.5 and 1 g L-1 were selected as the optimal adsorbent dose for the removal of Pb (II) and Cr (VI), respectively. These doses achieved a removal efficiency of 83.29% and 78.65% for Pb (II) and Cr (VI), after 60 and 90 min, respectively, (at initial pH values of 7, using 10 mg L-1 initial metals concentration, and at room temperature). Lastly, kinetic and equilibrium studies were competently fitted using the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models, respectively. Adsorption thermodynamic studies designate the spontaneous and thermodynamic of the adsorption processes nature. These results reveal the efficiency of the fabricated nano-SiO2 as an adsorbent for heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions.
Potential Use of Vermicompost Against Tomato Bacterial Canker and Wilt Disease
Authors: Belgüzar Sabriye
Published: May 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of vermicompost (VC) in the control of tomato bacterial canker and wilt disease (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), which causes significant yield losses in tomato production. In pot experiments, vermicompost was added to pot soil at 10, 20, 30 and 40% doses. In field experiments, vermicompost was applied to soil at a dose of 600 kg/da. In pot experiments, effect of vermicompost on disease severity varied between 53.4-90.8%. In 40% VC treatments, a low rate of lesions was detected in vascular bundles and the disease infection was suppressed by 66.77%. In field experiments, a low rate of disease was also detected in VC-treated plants and disease severity was affected by 66.6%. The infection rate in vascular bundles was suppressed by 69.9%. Present findings revealed that vermicompost significantly suppressed tomato bacterial canker and wilt disease and it could be used as an important component of integrated pests and disease management.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease promotes breast cancer progression through upregulated hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21
Authors: Chen Jianping , SUI Yue , LIU Qingqing , XU Cong , GANESAN Kumar , YE Zhen , Li Yan , Wu Jian-Ming , DU Bing , GAO Fei
Published: May 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease influences breast cancer progression, however, the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found promoted breast cancer tumor growth and cell viability in NAFLD models and screened out the possible mediator hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21. Both peritumoral and systemic FGF21 administration facilitated breast cancer tumor growth, whereas FGF21 knockout diminished the tumor-promoting effects of the high-fat diet. Mechanically, exogenous FGF21 treatment enhanced the anti-apoptotic ability of breast cancer cells via STAT3 and Akt/FoXO1 signaling pathways and mitigated doxorubicin-induced cell death. Furthermore, overexpressed FGF21 was observed in tumor tissues from breast cancer patients and associated with poor prognosis. Taken together, our findings support a new role of FGF21 as a mediator upregulated in the NAFLD context that promotes breast cancer development, serving as a promising cancer therapeutic target.
Ufmylation on UFBP1 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Chen Fengling , Mao Ziming , Ma Xiaowen , Jing Yu , Shen Minyan , Ma Xirui , Zhu Jing , Liu Huifang , Zhang Guangya
Published: May 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease characterized by lipid accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, while effective therapies targeting NAFLD characteristics are limited. Ufmylation is a newly found post-translational modification in which the Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) protein is attached to its substrate via ufmylation modification system components. Ufmylation has been proposed to regulate ER stress via modifying UFM1 binding protein 1 (UFBP1), suggesting a potential role for ufmylation in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. However, the role of ufmylation in NAFLD is unknown. Herein, we aimed to reveal the role of ufmylation on UFBP1 in NAFLD and explore the underlying mechanisms. We observed an up-regulated expression of UFM1-conjugated proteins and ufmylation modification system components in livers with steatosis derived from NAFLD patients and NAFLD models, which was an adaptive response to the hepatic ER stress in NAFLD. In vitro, knocking down UFBP1 promoted lipid accumulation and lipogenesis in hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids (FFA), which could be rescued by re-expressing exogenous wild type UFBP1 (WT UFBP1) but not an UFBP1 mutant deficient in main ufmylation site lys267 (UFBP1 K267R). In vivo, ufmylation on UFBP1 ameliorated obesity, hepatic steatosis, hepatic lipogenesis, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and liver damage in high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mice. We also demonstrated that knocking down UFBP1 promoted ER stress while re-expressing or overexpressing UFBP1 relieved ER stress in an ufmylation-dependent manner in NAFLD, which could be the underlying mechanism that led to the relief of abnormal hepatic lipogenesis and insulin resistance. Our data reveal a protective role of ufmylation on UFBP1 against NAFLD and offer a specific target for NAFLD treatment.
Identification of a novel PTH1R variant in a family with primary failure of eruption
Authors: Zha Yunchen , Li Shushu , Yu Yue-lin , Huang Zicheng , Zhang Hai-ying , Kong Weidong
Published: May 2023

Background This work aimed to report a small family of Primary Failure of Eruption(PFE) with a novel PTH1R variant. One of the patients has a rare clinical phenotype of the anterior tooth involved only.Case presentation The proband was a 13-year-old young man with an incomplete eruption of the right upper anterior tooth(11,12,13), resulting in a significant open-bite. His left first molar 26 partially erupted. Family history revealed that the proband's 12-year-old brother and father also had teeth eruption disorders. Genetic testing found a novel PTH1R variant (c.1325-1336del), which has never been reported before. The diagnosis of PFE was based on clinical and radiographic characteristics and the result of genetic testing. Bioinformatic analysis predicted this variant would result in the truncation of the G protein-coupled receptor encoded by the PTH1R, affecting its structure and function.Conclusion A novel PTH1R variant identified through whole-exome sequencing further expands the mutation spectrum of PFE. Patients in this family have different phenotypes, which reflects the characteristics of variable phenotypic expression of PFE.
“I'll meet you at our bench”: Adaptation, Innovation and Resilience among VCSE organisations who supported marginalised and minoritised communities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern England – A Qualitative Focus Group Study
Authors: Scott Steph , McGowan Victoria , Wildman Josephine , Bidmead Elaine , Hartley Jane , Mathews Claire , James Becky , Sullivan Claire , Bambra Clare , Sowden Sarah
Published: May 2023

Background The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated pre-existing inequalities and increased adversity and challenges for vulnerable and marginalised communities worldwide. In the UK, the Voluntary Community and Social Enterprise (VCSE) sector play a vital role in supporting the health and wellbeing of people who are marginalised or experiencing multiple complex needs. However, only a small number of studies have focused on the impact that Covid-19 had on the VCSE sector.Methods As part of a Health Inequalities Impact Assessment (HIIA), we conducted qualitative focus groups with staff and volunteers from five organisations to examine short, medium and longer-term impacts of COVID-19 upon the VCSE sector in Northern England. Nine online focus groups were conducted between March and July 2021.Findings: Focus group transcripts were analysed using Framework Analysis and yielded three central themes: (1) exacerbation of pre-existing inequalities, adversity and challenges for vulnerable and marginalised populations; (2) the ‘price’ of being flexible, innovative and agile for VCSE staff and volunteers; and (3) the voluntary sector as a ‘lifeline’ - organisational pride and resilience.Conclusions While the voluntary sector ‘adapted at pace’ to provide support during Covid-19 and in its continued aftermath, this resilience has potentially come at the cost of workforce and volunteer wellbeing, compounded by political obstacles and chronic shortage in funding and support. The VCSE sector has a vital role to play in the post-COVID ‘levelling up’ agenda. The expertise, capacity and resilience of VCSE organisations, and their ability to respond to COVID-19, should be celebrated, recognised and supported adequately to maintain its resilience. To not do so threatens the sector’s sustainability and risks jeopardising attempts to involve the sector in addressing the social determinants of health.