bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Influence of Measuring AE Sensor Type on the Effectiveness of OLTC Defect Classification
Authors: Wotzka Daria , Cichoń Andrzej
Published: June 2020

The principal objective of this study is to improve the diagnostics of power transformers, which are the key element of supplying electricity to consumers. On Load Tap Changer (OLTC), which is the object of research, the results of which are presented in this article, is one of the most important elements of these devices. The applied diagnostic method is the acoustic emission (AE) method, which has the main advantage over others, that it is considered as a non-destructive testing method. At present, there are many measuring devices and sensors used in the AE method, there are also some international standards, according to which, measurements should be performed. In the presented work, AE signals were measured in laboratory conditions with various OLTC defects being simulated. Five types of sensors were used for the measurement. The recorded signals were analyzed in the time and frequency domain and using discrete wavelet transformation. Based on the results obtained, sets of indicators were determined, which were used as features for an autonomous classification of the type of defect. Several types of learning algorithms from the group of supervised machine learning were considered in the research. The performance of individual classifiers was determined by several quality evaluation measures. As a result of the analyses, the type and characteristics of the most optimal algorithm to be used in the process of classification of the OLTC fault type were indicated, depending on the type of sensor with which AE signals were recorded.
Automatic 360° Mono-Stereo Panorama Generation Using a Cost-Effective Multi-Camera System
Authors: Ullah Hayat , Zia Osama , Kim Jun Ho , Han Kyungjin , Lee Jong Weon
Published: June 2020

In recent years, 360° videos have gained the attention of researchers due to their versatility and applications in real-world problems. Also, easy access to different visual sensor kits and easily deployable image acquisition devices have played a vital role in the growth of interest in this area by the research community. Recently, several 360° panorama generation systems have demonstrated reasonable quality generated panoramas. However, these systems are equipped with expensive image sensor networks where multiple cameras are mounted in a circular rig with specific overlapping gaps. In this paper, we propose an economical 360° panorama generation system that generates both mono and stereo panoramas. For mono panorama generation, we present a drone-mounted image acquisition sensor kit that consists of six cameras placed in a circular fashion with optimal overlapping gap. The hardware of our proposed image acquisition system is configured in such way that no user input is required to stitch multiple images. For stereo panorama generation, we propose a lightweight, cost-effective visual sensor kit that uses only three cameras to cover 360° of the surroundings. We also developed stitching software that generates both mono and stereo panoramas using a single image stitching pipeline where the panorama generated by our proposed system is automatically straightened without visible seams. Furthermore, we compared our proposed system with existing mono and stereo contents generation systems in both qualitative and quantitative perspectives, and the comparative measurements obtained verified the effectiveness of our system compared to existing mono and stereo generation systems.
Strain Transfer in Surface-Bonded Optical Fiber Sensors
Authors: Falcetelli Francesco , Rossi Leonardo , Di Sante Raffaella , Bolognini Gabriele
Published: June 2020

Fiber optic sensors represent one of the most promising technologies for the monitoring of various engineering structures. A major challenge in the field is to analyze and predict the strain transfer to the fiber core reliably. Many authors developed analytical models of a coated optical fiber, assuming null strain at the ends of the bonding length. However, this configuration only partially reflects real experimental setups in which the cable structure can be more complex and the strains do not drastically reduce to zero. In this study, a novel strain transfer model for surface-bonded sensing cables with multilayered structure was developed. The analytical model was validated both experimentally and numerically, considering two surface-mounted cable prototypes with three different bonding lengths and five load cases. The results demonstrated the capability of the model to predict the strain profile and, differently from the available strain transfer models, that the strain values at the extremities of the bonded fiber length are not null.
Low Elevation Angle Estimation with Range Super-Resolution in Wideband Radar
Authors: Huan Sha , Zhang Man , Dai Gane , Gan Huaguo
Published: June 2020

Height detection of a low elevation angle target is crucial in radar applications. Due to the presence of the multiple path reflections, elevation angle estimation is difficult with conventional narrowband radar waveforms. The reflection ground area parameters are especially hard to obtain for modeling. In this paper, we proposed a wideband, low elevation angle estimator based on range super-resolution, achieving a high robustness to variations in reflection coefficients. A relaxation (RELAX) algorithm was applied as the range super-resolution algorithm to separate the direct target echo and the reflected signal thanks to the relatively abundant frequency diversity. The grazing angle was obtained by synthesizing the steering vector of the direct signal and the range structure relationship between the two signal components. Theoretical analysis and simulation results confirmed the improved behavior of the proposed robust estimator in contrast to other conventional algorithms.
Crop Management in Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) Systems Using Predictive Mathematical Models
Authors: Amitrano Chiara , Chirico Giovanni Battista , De Pascale Stefania , Rouphael Youssef , De Micco Veronica
Published: June 2020

Proximal sensors in controlled environment agriculture (CEA) are used to monitor plant growth, yield, and water consumption with non-destructive technologies. Rapid and continuous monitoring of environmental and crop parameters may be used to develop mathematical models to predict crop response to microclimatic changes. Here, we applied the energy cascade model (MEC) on green- and red-leaf butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata). We tooled up the model to describe the changing leaf functional efficiency during the growing period. We validated the model on an independent dataset with two different vapor pressure deficit (VPD) levels, corresponding to nominal (low VPD) and off-nominal (high VPD) conditions. Under low VPD, the modified model accurately predicted the transpiration rate (RMSE = 0.10 Lm−2), edible biomass (RMSE = 6.87 g m−2), net-photosynthesis (rBIAS = 34%), and stomatal conductance (rBIAS = 39%). Under high VPD, the model overestimated photosynthesis and stomatal conductance (rBIAS = 76–68%). This inconsistency is likely due to the empirical nature of the original model, which was designed for nominal conditions. Here, applications of the modified model are discussed, and possible improvements are suggested based on plant morpho-physiological changes occurring in sub-optimal scenarios.
Analysis for Joint Delay-Power Tradeoff with Buffer/Channel-Aware and Its FPGA Implementation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Dakkak Joumana , Eisa Saleh , El-Badawy Hesham M. , Elbakly Ahmed
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we aim to investigate the delay-power tradeoff problem which is attracting widespread interest due to its importance in wireless technology. This research has two main objectives. First, to assess the effect of different system parameters on the performance metrics. Second, to provide a solution for this optimization problem. A two-state, slow-fading channel is categorized into good and bad channel states. An adaptive transmission and random data arrivals are considered in our model. Each channel category has its own Markov chain, which is used in modeling the system. A joint Buffer-Aware and Channel-Aware (BACA) problem was introduced. In addition, an enhanced iterative algorithm was introduced for obtaining a sub-optimal delay-power tradeoff. The results show that the tradeoff curve is piecewise linear, convex and decreasing. Furthermore, a channel-aware system was investigated to provide analysis of the effect of system parameters on the delay and power. The obtained results show that the dominant factors that control the system performance are based on the arrival rate and the channel goodness factor. Moreover, a simplified field programable gate array (FPGA) hardware implementation for the channel aware system scheduler is presented. The implementation results show that the consumed power for the proposed scheduler is 98.5 mW and the maximum processing clock speed is 190 MHz.
A Grid-Based Approach for Measuring Similarities of Taxi Trajectories
Authors: Jiao Wei , Fan Hongchao , Midtbø Terje
Published: June 2020

Similarity measurement is one of the key tasks in spatial data analysis. It has a great impact on applications i.e., position prediction, mining and analysis of social behavior pattern. Existing methods mainly focus on the exact matching of polylines which result in the trajectories. However, for the applications like travel/drive behavior analysis, even for objects passing by the same route the trajectories are not the same due to the accuracy of positioning and the fact that objects may move on different lanes of the road. Further, in most cases of spatial data mining, locations and sometimes sequences of locations on trajectories are most important, while how objects move from location to location (the exact geometries of trajectories) is of less interest. For the abovementioned situations, the existing approaches cannot work anymore. In this paper, we propose a grid aware approach to convert trajectories into sequences of codes, so that shape details of trajectories are neglected while emphasizing locations where trajectories pass through. Experiments with Shanghai Float Car Data (FCD) show that the proposed method can calculate trajectories with high similarity if these pass through the same locations. In addition, the proposed methods are very efficient since the data volume is considerably reduced when trajectories are converted into grid-codes.
Cellular Auxetic Structures for Mechanical Metamaterials: A Review
Authors: Kelkar Parth Uday , Kim Hyun Soo , Cho Kyung-Hoon , Kwak Joon Young , Kang Chong-Yun , Song Hyun-Cheol
Published: June 2020

Recent advances in lithography technology and the spread of 3D printers allow us a facile fabrication of special materials with complicated microstructures. The materials are called “designed materials” or “architectured materials” and provide new opportunities for material development. These materials, which owing to their rationally designed architectures exhibit unusual properties at the micro- and nano-scales, are being widely exploited in the development of modern materials with customized and improved performance. Meta-materials are found to possess superior and unusual properties as regards static modulus (axial stress divided by axial strain), density, energy absorption, smart functionality, and negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR). However, in spite of recent developments, it has only been feasible to fabricate a few such meta-materials and to implement them in practical applications. Against such a backdrop, a broad review of the wide range of cellular auxetic structures for mechanical metamaterials available at our disposal and their potential application areas is important. Classified according to their geometrical configuration, this paper provides a review of cellular auxetic structures. The structures are presented with a view to tap into their potential abilities and leverage multidimensional fabrication advances to facilitate their application in industry. In this review, there is a special emphasis on state-of-the-art applications of these structures in important domains such as sensors and actuators, the medical industry, and defense while touching upon ways to accelerate the material development process.
Estimation of Hg(II) in Soil Samples by Bioluminescent Bacterial Bioreporter E. coli ARL1, and the Effect of Humic Acids and Metal Ions on the Biosensor Performance
Authors: Brányiková Irena , Lucáková Simona , Kuncová Gabriela , Trögl Josef , Synek Václav , Rohovec Jan , Navrátil Tomáš
Published: June 2020

Mercury is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant of dominantly anthropogenic origin. A critical concern for human health is the introduction of mercury to the food chain; therefore, monitoring of mercury levels in agricultural soil is essential. Unfortunately, the total mercury content is not sufficiently informative as mercury can be present in different forms with variable bioavailability. Since 1990, the use of bioreporters has been investigated for assessment of the bioavailability of pollutants; however, real contaminated soils have rarely been used in these studies. In this work, a bioassay with whole-cell bacterial bioreporter Escherichia coli ARL1 was used for estimation of bioavailable concentration of mercury in 11 soil samples. The bioreporter emits bioluminescence in the presence of Hg(II). Four different pretreatments of soil samples prior to the bioassay were tested. Among them, laccase mediated extraction was found to be the most suitable over water extraction, alkaline extraction, and direct use of water-soil suspensions. Nevertheless, effect of the matrix on bioreporter signal was found to be severe and not possible to be completely eliminated by the method of standard addition. In order to elucidate the matrix role, influences of humic acid and selected metal ions present in soil on the bioreporter signal were tested separately in laboratory solutions. Humic acids were found to have a positive effect on the bioreporter growth, but a negative effect on the measured bioluminescence, likely due to shading and Hg binding resulting in decreased bioavailability. Each of the tested metal ions solutions affected the bioluminescence signal differently; cobalt (II) positively, iron (III) negatively, and the effects of iron (II) and nickel (II) were dependent on their concentrations. In conclusion, the information on bioavailable mercury estimated by bioreporter E. coli ARL1 is valuable, but the results must be interpreted with caution. The route to functional bioavailability bioassay remains long.
Integrated Guidance and Control Using Model Predictive Control with Flight Path Angle Prediction against Pull-Up Maneuvering Target
Authors: Park Jongho , Kim Youngil , Kim Jong-Han
Published: June 2020

Integrated guidance and control using model predictive control against a maneuvering target is proposed. Equations of motion for terminal homing are developed with the consideration of short-period dynamics as well as actuator dynamics of a missile. The convex optimization problem is solved considering inequality constraints that consist of acceleration and look angle limits. A discrete-time extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the position of the target with a look angle as a measurement. This is utilized to form a flight-path angle of the target, and polynomial fitting is applied for prediction. Numerical simulation including a Monte Carlo simulation is performed to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Modelling the Behaviour of Currency Exchange Rates with Singular Spectrum Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo Canas , Awe Olushina Olawale , Pimentel Jonatha Sousa , Mahmoudvand Rahim
Published: June 2020

A proper understanding and analysis of suitable models involved in forecasting currency exchange rates dynamics is essential to provide reliable information about the economy. This paper deals with model fit and model forecasting of eight time series of historical data about currency exchange rate considering the United States dollar as reference. The time series techniques: classical autoregressive integrated moving average model, the non-parametric univariate and multivariate singular spectrum analysis (SSA), artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms, and a recent prominent hybrid method that combines SSA and ANN, are considered and their performance compared in terms of model fit and model forecasting. Moreover, specific methodological and computational adaptations were conducted to allow for these analyses and comparisons.
Some Cosmological Solutions of a New Nonlocal Gravity Model
Authors: Dimitrijevic Ivan , Dragovich Branko , Koshelev Alexey S. , Rakic Zoran , Stankovic Jelena
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we investigate a nonlocal modification of general relativity (GR) with action S = 1 16 π G ∫ [ R − 2 Λ + ( R − 4 Λ ) F ( □ ) ( R − 4 Λ ) ] − g d 4 x , where F ( □ ) = ∑ n = 1 + ∞ f n □ n is an analytic function of the d’Alembertian □. We found a few exact cosmological solutions of the corresponding equations of motion. There are two solutions which are valid only if Λ ≠ 0 , k = 0 , and they have no analogs in Einstein’s gravity with cosmological constant Λ . One of these two solutions is a ( t ) = A t e Λ 4 t 2 , that mimics properties similar to an interference between the radiation and the dark energy. Another solution is a nonsingular bounce one a ( t ) = A e Λ t 2 . For these two solutions, some cosmological aspects are discussed. We also found explicit form of the nonlocal operator F ( □ ) , which satisfies obtained necessary conditions.
Funding for Chagas Disease: A 10-Year (2009–2018) Survey
Authors: Sangenito Leandro S. , Branquinha Marta H. , Santos André L. S.
Published: June 2020

Chagas disease was discovered in 1909 by the Brazilian scientist Carlos Chagas. After more than 110 years, many outcomes have been achieved in all research fields; however, Chagas disease remains a serious public health problem, mainly in Latin America, being one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. As a neglected disease, it receives very little financial support. Nevertheless, how much is actually spent? With this question in mind, the goal of the present work was to summarize all funding employed by multiple institutions in the Chagas disease field in a 10-year survey. From 2009 to 2018, Chagas disease received only USD 236.31 million, representing 0.67% of the total applied for all neglected diseases in this period. Mostly, the investments are concentrated in basic research (47%) and drug development (42.5%), with the public sector responsible for 74% of all funding, followed by the industry (19%) and philanthropy (7%). Relevantly, NIH (USA) alone accounted for more than half of the total investment. Taking into account that Chagas disease has a great socio-economic impact, it is clear that more investments are needed, especially from endemic countries. Furthermore, coordinated strategies to make better use of resources and incentives for the pharmaceutical industry must be adopted.
Rift Valley Fever: Important Considerations for Risk Mitigation and Future Outbreaks
Authors: Grossi-Soyster Elysse N. , LaBeaud A. Desiree
Published: June 2020

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a zoonotic phlebovirus of the Phenuiviridae family with great opportunity for emergence in previously unaffected regions, despite its current geographical limits. Outbreaks of RVFV often infect humans or domesticated animals, such as livestock, concurrently and occur sporadically, ranging from localized outbreaks in villages to multi-country events that spread rapidly. The true burden of Rift Valley fever (RVF) is not well defined due to underreporting, misdiagnosis caused by the broad spectrum of disease presentation, and minimal access for rapid and accurate laboratory confirmation. Severe symptoms may include hemorrhagic fever, loss of vision, psychological impairment or disturbances, and organ failure. Those living in endemic areas and travelers should be aware of the potential for exposure to ongoing outbreaks or interepidemic transmission, and engage in behaviors to minimize exposure risks, as vaccinations in humans are currently unavailable and animal vaccinations are not used routinely or ubiquitously. The lack of vaccines approved for use in humans is concerning, as RVFV has proven to be highly pathogenic in naïve populations, causing severe disease in a large percent of confirmed cases, which could have considerable impact on human health.
Climate Change and Species Invasion Drive Decadal Variation in Fish Fauna in the Min River, China
Authors: Deng Weide , Lin Li , Huang Xiaoxia , Liao Te-Yu , Kang Bin
Published: June 2020

Freshwater fishes are threatened by increasing environmental changes and human disturbances. The Min River, the largest river in Southeastern China, contains unique fish fauna for the Oriental realm. Due to environmental changes brought by forty years of economic growth, fish numbers have dramatically declined. The average taxonomic distinctness in the 1970s was significantly higher than that in 2015, while no significant differences were found in the variation in taxonomic distinctness between the two periods. Due to the river network and habitat diversity, fish fauna composition showed significant spatial differences but lower variation than the decadal variation. Precipitation was determined to be the most influential factor in determining the spatial pattern of fish fauna, followed by temperature. Species introduced for aquaculture have invaded the endemic fish community after escape and should be reconsidered in the trade-offs between economic development and ecological protection.
Hydro-Economic Modelling for Water-Policy Assessment Under Climate Change at a River Basin Scale: A Review
Authors: Expósito Alfonso , Beier Felicitas , Berbel Julio
Published: June 2020

Hydro-economic models (HEMs) constitute useful instruments to assess water-resource management and inform water policy. In the last decade, HEMs have achieved significant advances regarding the assessment of the impacts of water-policy instruments at a river basin or catchment level in the context of climate change (CC). This paper offers an overview of the alternative approaches used in river-basin hydro-economic modelling to address water-resource management issues and CC during the past decade. Additionally, it analyses how uncertainty and risk factors of global CC have been treated in recent HEMs, offering a discussion on these last advances. As the main conclusion, current challenges in the realm of hydro-economic modelling include the representation of the food-energy-water nexus, the successful representation of micro-macro linkages and feedback loops between the socio-economic model components and the physical side, and the treatment of CC uncertainties and risks in the analysis.
Development Trends and Frontiers of Ocean Big Data Research Based on CiteSpace
Authors: Wu Jiajing , Jia Dongning , Wei Zhiqiang , Xin Dou
Published: June 2020

Modern socio-economic development and climate prediction depend greatly on the application of ocean big data. With the accelerated development of ocean observation methods and the continuous improvement of the big data science, the challenges of multiple data sources and data diversity have emerged in the ocean field. As a result, the current data magnitude has reached the terabyte scale. Currently, the traditional theoretical foundation and technical methods have their inherent limitations and demerits that cannot satisfied the temporal and spatial attributes of the current ocean big data. Numerous scholars and countries were involved in ocean big data research. To explore the focus and current status, and determine the topics of research on bursts and acquisition of trend related to ocean big data, 400 articles between 1990 and 2019 were collected from the “Web of Science.” Combined with visualization software CiteSpace, bibliometrics method and literature combing technology, the pivotal literature related to ocean big data, including significant level countries, institutions, authors, journals and keywords were recognized. A synthetical analysis has revealed research hot spots and research frontiers. The purpose of this study is to provide researchers and practitioners in the field of ocean big data with the main research domains and research hotspots, and orientation for further research.
Analysis of the Most Severe Flood Events in Turkey (1960–2014): Which Triggering Mechanisms and Aggravating Pathways Can be Identified?
Authors: Koç Gamze , Petrow Theresia , Thieken Annegret
Published: June 2020

The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960–2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.
Flood Flow Frequency Analysis to Estimate Potential Floodplain Nitrogen Treatment during Overbank Flow Events in Urban Stream Restoration Projects
Authors: Doll Barbara A. , Kurki-Fox J. Jack , Page Jonathan L. , Nelson Natalie G. , Johnson Jeffrey P.
Published: June 2020

Stream restoration for mitigation purposes has grown rapidly since the 1980s. As the science advances, some organizations (Chesapeake Bay Program, North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality) have approved or are considering providing nutrient credits for stream restoration projects. Nutrient treatment on floodplains during overbank events is one of the least understood processes that have been considered as part of the Chesapeake Bay Program’s Stream Restoration Nutrient Crediting program. This study analyzed ten years of streamflow and water quality data from five stations in the Piedmont of North Carolina to evaluate proposed procedures for estimating nitrogen removal on the floodplain during overbank flow events. The volume of floodplain flow, the volume of floodplain flow potentially treated, and the nitrogen load retained on the floodplain were calculated for each overbank event, and a sensitivity analysis was completed. On average, 9% to 15% of the total annual streamflow volume accessed the floodplain. The percentage of the average annual volume of streamflow potentially treated ranged from 1.0% to 5.1%. Annually, this equates to 0.2% to 1.0% of the total N load retained/removed on the floodplain following restoration. The relatively low nitrogen retention/removal rates were due to a majority of floodplain flow occurring during a few large events each year that exceeded the treatment capacity of the floodplain. On an annual basis, 90% of total floodplain flow occurred during half of all overbank events and 50% of total floodplain flow occurred during two to three events each year. Findings suggest that evaluating only overbank events may lead to undervaluing stream restoration because treatment is limited by hydrologic controls that restrict floodplain retention time. Treatment is further governed by floodplain and channel size.
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Aeration Tank Based on CFD-PBM Coupled Model
Authors: Dong Liang , Guo Jinnan , Liu Jiawei , Liu Houlin , Dai Cui
Published: June 2020

Gas–liquid two-phase flow directly determines the efficiency and stability of the aeration tank. In this paper, a gas–liquid two-phase testbed is built to explore the aeration performance and internal flow in an aeration tank, including an inverted-umbrella impeller (immersion depth of 0 mm, rotational speed of 250 r/min). Also, the running process is simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with a population balance model (PBM), and mass transfer coefficient is compared to the experiment. The experimental results show that there is a big difference in bubble diameter, ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 mm. The simulation shows that the impeller intensely draws air above the free surface into the shallow liquid, and the circulation vortex entrains it to the bottom areas faster. Compared with the experiment, the simulated interfacial area and standard oxygen mass transfer coefficient is 12% more and 3% less, respectively. The results reveal that CFD-PBM coupled model can improve the accuracy of calculation, resulting in the simulation of gas–liquid two-phase flow.
Extreme Inundation Statistics on a Composite Beach
Authors: Abdalazeez Ahmed , Didenkulova Ira , Dutykh Denys , Labart Céline
Published: June 2020

The runup of initial Gaussian narrow-banded and wide-banded wave fields and its statistical characteristics are investigated using direct numerical simulations, based on the nonlinear shallow water equations. The bathymetry consists of the section of a constant depth, which is matched with the beach of constant slope. To address different levels of nonlinearity, time series with five different significant wave heights are considered. The selected wave parameters allow for also seeing the effects of wave breaking on wave statistics. The total physical time of each simulated time-series is 1000 h (~360,000 wave periods). The statistics of calculated wave runup heights are discussed with respect to the wave nonlinearity, wave breaking and the bandwidth of the incoming wave field. The conditional Weibull distribution is suggested as a model for the description of extreme runup heights and the assessment of extreme inundations.
Mercury, Arsenic and Lead Removal by Air Gap Membrane Distillation: Experimental Study
Authors: Alkhudhiri Abdullah , Hakami Mohammed , Zacharof Myrto-Panagiota , Abu Homod Hosam , Alsadun Ahmed
Published: June 2020

Synthetic industrial wastewater samples containing mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) ions in various concentrations were prepared and treated by air gap membrane distillation (AGMD), a promising method for heavy metals removal. Three different membrane pore sizes (0.2, 0.45, and 1 μm) which are commercially available (TF200, TF450, and TF1000) were tested to assess their effectiveness in combination with various heavy metal concentrations and operating parameters (flow rate 1–5 L/min, feed temperature 40–70 °C, and pH 2–11). The results indicated that a high removal efficiency of the heavy metals was achieved by AGMD. TF200 and TF450 showed excellent membrane removal efficiency, which was above 96% for heavy metal ions in a wide range of concentrations. In addition, there was no significant influence of the pH value on the metal removal efficiency. Energy consumption was monitored at different membrane pore sizes and was found to be almost independent of membrane pore size and metal type.
The Design of the Payments for Water-Related Ecosystem Services: What Should the Ideal Payment in Slovakia Look Like?
Authors: Báliková Klára , Dobšinská Zuzana , Paletto Alessandro , Sarvašová Zuzana , Korená Hillayová Michaela , Štěrbová Martina , Výbošťok Jozef , Šálka Jaroslav
Published: June 2020

Water-related forest ecosystems services (WES) are vital to the functioning of the biosphere, society, and human well-being. In Slovakia, the active support of WES is provided by economic instruments of forest policy, while the market-based solution as payments for water-related services (PWS) is lacking. Starting from this point, the objective matter of the paper is to develop the payments for WES schemes in Slovakia. The study was based on document analysis and stakeholders´ opinions towards PWS. Fifteen Slovak stakeholders from forestry, water management, and nature protection were involved in the study. These stakeholders represent potential buyers, seller, intermediaries, and knowledge providers in PWS schemes. Based on the theoretical background and the results of the survey, the authors defined key aspects of the design and implementation of PWS schemes in Slovak conditions such as potential buyers and sellers, important factors for the implementation of PWS schemes, and the role of public authorities.
Perceptions, experiences, and understandings of cluster headache among GPs and neurologists: a qualitative study
Authors: Buture Alina , Ahmed Fayyaz , Mehta Yachna , Paemeleire Koen , Goadsby Peter J , Dikomitis Lisa
Published: June 2020

Background

Cluster headache is a severe primary headache with a similar prevalence to that of multiple sclerosis. Cluster headache is characterised by unilateral trigeminal distribution of pain, ipsilateral cranial autonomic features, and a tendency to circadian and circannual periodicity.

Aim

To explore the perceptions, experiences, and understandings of cluster headache among GPs and neurologists.

Design and setting

Qualitative interview study in primary care surgeries and neurology departments in the north of England.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs and neurologists, recorded, and transcribed. A thematic analysis was applied to the dataset.

Results

Sixteen clinicians participated in this study: eight GPs and eight neurologists. Four main themes were identified following thematic analysis: challenges with the cluster headache diagnosis; impact of cluster headache; challenges with treatment; and appropriateness of referrals to secondary care. Clinicians recognised the delays in the diagnosis of cluster headache, misdiagnosis, and mismanagement, and were aware of the potential impact cluster headache can have on patients’ mental health and ability to remain in employment. Findings highlighted tensions between primary and secondary care around the cost of medication and the remit of prescribing treatment regimens. Patients’ anxiety, their need for reassurance, and their insistence about seeing a specialist are some of the reasons for referrals.

Conclusion

Clinicians acknowledged delays in diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and mismanagement of cluster headache. The responsibility of prescribing causes ongoing tensions between primary and secondary care. Clear referral and management pathways for primary headaches are required to improve patient outcomes and healthcare costs.
Influence de la stratification sur les graines et les fruits de Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz, S. aucuparia L. et S. torminalis (L.) Crantz
Authors: Devillez Freddy
Published: June 2020

Au départ de graines récoltées dans des populations indigènes de Sorbus aria, S. aucuparia et S. torminalis, des essais ont été menés en vue de préciser l'écologie de la germination de ces espèces. Les premiers résultats relatés ici confirment l'existence d'une dormance psychro-labile mais font aussi apparaître que c'est en maintenant les semences au froid que les meilleurs taux de germination sont assurés. Par ailleurs, chez S. aria au moins, le froid n'est pas absolument indispensable à la postmaturation. Si les graines de S. aria et de S. aucuparia sont maintenues dans le fruit, les performances germinatives sont médiocres et il semble qu'une dormance secondaire soit induite. L'incidence sur ce comportement d'inhibiteurs contenus dans les enveloppes charnues du fruit est discutée.

Bien que les besoins en froid de S. aria soient plus élevés que deux des deux autres espèces, il n'est pas encore possible à ce stade d'établir une relation entre les exigences de la germination et la chorologie des espèces.
La grotte de la Belle-Roche (Sprimont, province de Liège) : un gisement paléontologique et archéologique d'exception au Benelux
Authors: Cordy Jean-Marie
Published: June 2020

This paper provides a synthesis of the multi-disciplinary research which has gone on the La Belle-Roche site (Sprimont, Belgium) for the last thirteen years. This «fossil» cave or palaeokarst has yielded deposits from the Early Middle Pleistocene, a remarkably rich and varied fauna of the Upper Cromerian (around 500,000 years old) and a prehistoric industry involving pebble tools which is by far the oldest traces of human occupation in the Benelux.
EARLY RECOGNIZATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER BY VANDERBILT ADHD RATING SCALE FOR TEACHERS AND PARENTS
Authors: Le Dinh Duong , Vo Van Thang , Nguyen Thi Mai , Vo Thi Han , Nguyen Huu Chau Duc , Hoang Huu Hai , Dang Ngoc Thanh Thao
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The study aims to explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and to examine the associated factors with ADHD among primary students by Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for teacher and parents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in 564 students who selected randomly in 4 primary schools in Hue city. Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for parents and teachers were applied to evaluate the ADHD of children over 6 months ago.

Results: The overall prevalence of children who had high risk with ADHD was 4.1% (95%CI: 2.44 - 5.72), including 4.6% and 4.8% in the rating of teachers and parents, respectively. Male was more likely to have ADHD than female (OR adj: 4.64 (95%CI: 1.53 - 14.05) and lack of closely friend (OR adj: 5.11 (95% CI: 2.13 - 12.24).

Conclusion: Vanderbilt ADHD diagnosis rating scale for teachers and parents can be used to early recognization children with a high risk of ADHD.

Key words: ADHD, Vanderbilt, ratings scale, teacher, parent, children
HELP SEEKING BEHAVIORS FOR MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG FIRST YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung , Hoang Thi Huong Lan
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Help seeking behavior is an integral skill that helps students to improve their mental well-being. However, little evidence on this issue has been known among first year Vietnamese medical students.

Objectives: To provide understandings on help seeking behaviors among medical students; and To identify factors associated with help seeking behaviors among first year medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 671 first year medical students at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Depression, Anxiety and Stress scales 21 items (Lovibond, 1995) and Attitude Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Helps (Allyn, 1995) were used to collect data.

Results: Mean of age was 18.8 ± 0.8. There was 56% students had never ever heard about help seeking behaviors and 79% had misperception. There was only 2.4% of students ready to seek professional helps when facing with depressive, stress or anxious symptoms; 14% of students often sought helps, mostly from their parents or friends. Whereas, seeking medical or psychological helps for mental well-being accounted for only 12%.

Conclusion: Seeking professional help was low whereas a significantly high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was found among freshman medical students. Health education on help seeking behavior could be a necessary intervention for improving mental well-being for first year medical students.

Key words: Help seeking behaviors, depression, anxiety, and stress scales; medical students
ENTRE A SUJEIÇÃO E A SUBJETIVAÇÃO: REFLEÕES SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS CURRICULARES EM “ESCOLAS QUILOMBOLAS”
Authors: França Evanilson Tavares de , Mendes Jackeline Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

ENTRE A SUJEIÇÃO E A SUBJETIVAÇÃO: REFLEÕES SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS CURRICULARES EM “ESCOLAS QUILOMBOLAS”
IMAGENS DE MENINA: LIVROS DE LITERATURA INFANTOJUVENIL DE TRÊS ESCRITORAS
Authors: Corrêa Priscila Kaufmann
Published: June 2020

IMAGENS DE MENINA: LIVROS DE LITERATURA INFANTOJUVENIL DE TRÊS ESCRITORAS
O desafio da interculturalidade frente ao desafio do letramento literário
Authors: Pereira Diego
Published: June 2020

Neste artigo, defende-se a escolarização da literatura sob os paradigmas do letramento literário (COSSON, 2016 [2006]) e da compreensão intercultural da realidade (SILVA, 2000; CUCHE, 2002; BUCHOLTZ; HALL, 2004; MAHER, 2007; DANTAS, 2012; MONTIEL, 2013; dentre outros), como resposta à desarmonia definidora da sociedade brasileira pós-moderna, traduzida pelo paradoxo do máximo da racionalidade técnica e do máximo da irracionalidade comportamental (CANDIDO, 2011 [1988]). Para tanto, reconhece-se, no caso do primeiro paradigma, e propõe-se, no do segundo, alguns de seus princípios socioeducativos; problematizando, ainda, as funções sociais creditadas à literatura e à sua escolarização diante das ideologias linguísticas às quais naturalmente se filiam (MAKONI; PENNYCOOK, 2012), de sua difusão no âmbito das principais agências de letramento institucionais (a exemplo da escola e da igreja) e de seu emprego potencial na formação discursiva da nação (EAGLETON, 2006 [1983]; CANDIDO, 2011 [1988]).
Leitura e interlocução na sala de aula: um olhar para a produção e circulação de sentidos
Authors: Barbosa Giovana Tolesani Camargo , Guedes-Pinto Ana Lúcia
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho traz um recorte de uma pesquisa de Mestrado que focaliza as interlocuções entre os sujeitos (professora e alunos) no cotidiano de uma sala de aula, a fim de encontrar indícios dos sentidos elaborados pelas crianças em meio às atividades escolares. A proposta metodológica assume a perspectiva de atuação participante no campo. Entre os acontecimentos diários registrados pela professora em um caderno, destacamos neste artigo a leitura oral de um conto, A pequena vendedora de fósforos, do autor dinamarquês Hans Christian Andersen (1805 – 1875). Os enunciados dos alunos indiciam uma multiplicidade de sentidos posta em circulação, em uma dinâmica interativa vivida em aula. Seus dizeres e os da professora marcam diversas elaborações produzidas por eles durante a leitura. A pesquisa, fundamentando-se nos estudos histórico-culturais, procurou ressaltar os processos de atribuição de sentidos em que os sujeitos estão imersos na escola, que se constituem como um dos modos de apropriação da cultura humana.
TUGAS DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB STAFF FRONT OFFICE PADA RUMAH SAKIT MEKARSARI
Authors: Damiyana Damdam , Sari Dina Meiliana
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted to find out how the responsibility of the Hospital front office staff in serving prospective patients. The study was conducted descriptively by direct observation and a brief interview with the front office supervisor. The writing of this report is presented descriptively to obtain an overview of various information relating to the provision of services to hospital customers. Methods of data collection using documentation studies, field studies and literature studies. The data obtained is then analyzed and presented descriptively. The conclusion can be drawn that the Mekarsari Hospital's Front Office has not been able to provide the best services for patients and their families, and in the Duties and Responsibilities of Front Office Staff must be able to create services that are Quick Response to problems, effective, efficient and prioritize patient safety.

Keywords: Front Office, Hospital, Customers
ANALISIS KESALAHAN GRAMATIKA MAHASISWA LP3I POLITEKNIK JAKARTA PADA MATA KULIAH BUSINESS ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE
Authors: Setiawan Andi
Published: June 2020

The ability to speak English both verbally and in writtenly for LP3I students is an important asset to be able to compete in the MEA era. However, for them English is not an easy subject to study. This is evident from the results of this study. Business English Correspondence is a course that provides expertise to students in conducting business correspondence in English well and correctly. The purpose of this paper is to find out the mistakes of English grammar in conducting business correspondence both conventional and online. Through the principles of error analysis, it can be seen various types of grammatical errors that are not in accordance with English grammar. There are two forms of errors that are generally distributed by students, namely Interlingual Error and Intralingual Error. The tables and graphs shown in this study describe twelve types of grammatical errors of students who have been classified. Strategic steps to evaluate the teaching methods of this course can be done afterwards.

Key words: Error analysis, English Grammar. Business English Correspondence.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. BRINGIN LIFE SYARIAH
Authors: Sujoko Prio
Published: June 2020

Pada era globalisasi persaingan dunia usaha semakin ketat. Guna dapat mempertahankan keberlangsungan usahanya perusahaan dituntut untuk dapat  menciptakan produk yang inovative dan kreatif serta dukungan kinerja karyawan yang baik. Salah satu cara meningkatkan kinerja karyawan adalah dengan meningkatkan kompetensi dan pemberian motivasi yang tepat. pemberian pelatihan dan motivasi telah dilaksanakan oleh manajemen PT Bringin Life Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sejauh mana hubungan antara variable pelatihan dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Bringin Life Syariah, melalui analisa hubungan antara ketiga variable tersebut baik secara parsial maupun simultan.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah melalui survey dengan menyebarkan angket kuesioner kepada responden yang berasal dari PT Beringin Life Syariah Cabang Mampang Jakarta Selatan. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa besarnya hubungan secara simultan antara pelatihan (X1) dan motivasi kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja karyawan(Y) sebesar positif 0,813, tergolong kuat. Sedangkan kontribusi secara bersama-sama (simultan) variable X1 dan X2 terhadap Y ditujukan dengan nilai Koefisien  Determinasi (R Square) sebesar 0,660 atau sama dengan 66%, hal ini menunjukan bahwa, kinerja karyawan dapat dijelaskan dengan menggunakan variable  pelatihan dan motivasi kerja, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 0,34% dapat dijelaskan dengan faktor-faktor lain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa, secara simultan faktor pelatihan dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Bringin Life Syariah.

Kata Kunci: kinerja karyawan, motivasi kerja, pelatihan