bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"The Actor Is Policy": Application of Elite Theory to Explore Actors’ Interests and Power Underlying Maternal Health Policies in Uganda, 2000-2015
Authors: Mukuru Moses , Kiwanuka Suzanne N. , Gilson Lucy , Shung-King Maylene , Ssengooba Freddie
Published: December 2020

Background: The persistence of high maternal mortality and consistent failure in low- and middle-income countries to achieve global targets such as Millennium Development Goal five (MDG 5) is usually explained from epidemiological, interventional and health systems perspectives. The role of policy elites and their interests remains inadequately explored in this debate. This study examined elites and how their interests drove maternal health policies and actions in ways that could explain policy failure for MDG 5 in Uganda. Methods: We conducted a retrospective qualitative study of Uganda’s maternal health policies from 2000 to 2015 (MDG period). Thirty key informant interviews and 2 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with national policy-makers, who directly participated in the formulation of Uganda’s maternal health policies during the MDG period. We reviewed 9 National Maternal Health Policy documents. Data were analysed inductively using elite theory. Results: Maternal health policies were mainly driven by a small elite group comprised of Senior Ministry of Health (MoH) officials, some members of cabinet and health development partners (HDPs) who wielded more power than other actors. The resulting policies often appeared to be skewed towards elites’ personal political and economic interests, rather than maternal mortality reduction. For a few, however, interests aligned with reducing maternal mortality. Since complying with the government policy-making processes would have exposed elites’ personal interests, they mainly drafted policies as service standards and programme documents to bypass the formal policy process. Conclusion: Uganda’s maternal health policies were mainly influenced by the elites’ personal interests rather than by the goal of reducing maternal mortality. This was enabled by the formal guidance for policy-making which gives elites control over the policy process. Accelerating maternal mortality reduction will require re-engineering the policy process to prevent public officials from infusing policies with their interests, and enable percolation of ideas from the public and frontline.
Understanding the Political Challenge of Red and Processed Meat Reduction for Healthy and Sustainable Food Systems: A Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Sievert Katherine , Lawrence Mark , Parker Christine , Baker Phillip
Published: December 2020

Background: Diets high in red and processed meat (RPM) contribute substantially to environmental degradation, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and the global burden of chronic disease. Recent high-profile reports from international expert bodies have called for a significant reduction in global dietary meat intake, particularly RPM, especially in high-income settings, while acknowledging the importance of animal-sourced foods to population nutrition in many lower-income countries. However, this presents a major yet under-investigated political challenge given strong cultural preferences for meat and the economic importance and power of the meat industry. Methods: A theoretically-guided narrative review was undertaken. The theoretical framework used to guide the review considered the interests, ideas and institutions that constitute food systems in relation to meat reduction; and the instrumental, discursive and structural forms of power that actors deploy in relation to others within the food system. Results: High production and consumption levels of RPM are promoted and sustained by a number of factors. Actors with an interest in RPM included business and industry groups, governments, intergovernmental organisations, and civil society. Asymmetries of power between these actors exist, with institutional barriers recognised in the form of government-industry dependence, trade agreement conflicts, and policy incoherence. Industry lobbying, shaping of evidence and knowledge, and highly concentrated markets are key issues. Furthermore, prevailing ideologies like carnism and neoliberalism present embedded difficulties for RPM reduction. The literature noted the power of actors to resist meat reduction efforts exists in varying forms, including the use of lobbying, shaping of evidence and knowledge, and highly concentrated markets. Conclusion: There are a number of political challenges related to RPM reduction that contribute to policy inertia, and hence are likely to impede the transformation of food systems. Research on policy efforts to reduce RPM production and consumption should incorporate the role of power and political feasibility.
ANALYSIS OF FACTOR AFFECTING THE INTEREST OF USING ELECTRONIC MONEY WITH TAM METHOD
Authors: Siregar Martua Hami
Published: December 2020

The development of electronic money is currently growing very rapidly. This is marked by the rise of merchants who provide promos and ease of use of electronic money. To find out the perception of public interest in the use of electronic money, further research is needed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Method. TAM is a technology acceptance model that can be used to determine a person's perceptions of attitudes and behavior when using certain technologies. The results showed that the use of electronic money can be accepted by the public as a legal means of payment. There is a positive and significant effect of Perceived Usefulness on Attitude Towards Using, There is a positive and significant influence of Perceived Usefulness on Intention to Use, There is a positive and significant influence on Attitude Towards Using on Intention to Use and There is a positive and significant influence on Intention to Use on Actual Usage.
América Latina y Asia Pacífico. Relaciones y proyecciones de cara a un mundo turbulento.
Authors: Herrera Diego
Published: December 2020

GÖTZ, Shirley (Editora) (2019). América Latina y Asia Pacífico. Relaciones y proyecciones de cara a un mundo turbulento. Santiago (Chile): Ediciones Universidad Alberto Hurtado, 296 páginas
Embedding Innovation in State Systems: Lessons from Pratham in India
Authors: Bano Masooda , Oberoi Zeena
Published: December 2020

The learning crisis in many developing countries has led to searches for innovative teaching models. Adoption of innovation, however, disrupts routine and breaks institutional inertia, requiring government employees to change their way of working. Introducing and embedding innovative methods for improving learning outcomes within state institutions is thus a major challenge. For NGO-led innovation to have largescale impact, we need to understand: (1) what factors facilitate its adoption by senior bureaucracy and political elites; and (2) how to incentivise district-level field staff and school principals and teachers, who have to change their ways of working, to implement the innovation? This paper presents an ethnographic study of Pratham, one of the most influential NGOs in the domain of education in India today, which has attracted growing attention for introducing an innovative teaching methodology— Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) – with evidence of improved learning outcomes among primary-school students and adoption by a number of states in India. The case study suggests that while a combination of factors, including evidence of success, ease of method, the presence of a committed bureaucrat, and political opportunity are key to state adoption of an innovation, exposure to ground realities, hand holding and confidence building, informal interactions, provision of new teaching resources, and using existing lines of communication are core to ensuring the co-operation of those responsible for actual implementation. The Pratham case, however, also confirms existing concerns that even when NGO-led innovations are successfully implemented at a large scale, their replication across the state and their sustainability remain a challenge. Embedding good practice takes time; the political commitment leading to adoption of an innovation is often, however, tied to an immediate political opportunity being exploited by the political elites. Thus, when political opportunity rather than a genuine political will creates space for adoption of an innovation, state support for that innovation fades away before the new ways of working can replace the old habits. In contexts where states lack political will to improve learning outcomes, NGOs can only hope to make systematic change in state systems if, as in the case of Pratham, they operate as semi-social movements with large cadres of volunteers. The network of volunteers enables them to slow down and pick up again in response to changing political contexts, instead of quitting when state actors withdraw. Involving the community itself does not automatically lead to greater political accountability. Time-bound donor-funded NGO projects aiming to introduce innovation, however large in scale, simply cannot succeed in bringing about systematic change, because embedding change in state institutions lacking political will requires years of sustained engagement.
Chapter 10 - Attiéké-garba – good to eat and think about. Social distinction and challenging hygiene standards in the Ivorian urban context
Authors: Sédia N’da Amenan Gisèle , Konan Amoin Georgette , Akindès Francis
Published: December 2020

Garba has become a food mainstay in Abidjan and several major cities in Côte d’Ivoire, while also being a select food dish in popular food outlets throughout the country. Nutritionists claim that garba is harmful to health, yet it is ‘worth thinking about’ in terms of challenging food hygiene standards. Garba is nevertheless a hallmark of the rich and diversified Ivorian food heritage, while the wealth of terms currently used to describe it reflects changes in the cultural landscape within which it is eaten. Garba is also ‘worth thinking about’ because the spaces where it is produced and consumed are also venues where social categories take shape: “Tell me where you eat your garba and I’ll tell you who you are”.
Chapter 11 - ‘Food from the pot’. Child nutrition and socialization in two Cameroonian cities
Authors: Kouokam Magne Estelle
Published: December 2020

This chapter aims to show that feeding 0-1 year old children in the Cameroonian cities of Yaoundé and Douala is a humanization and socialization issue. From June 2013 to March 2014, a qualitative research study was carried out using purposive nonprobability sampling in these two cosmopolitan cities. The households were selected on the basis of socioeconomic status, high, average and modest living standards, and according to their ethnic diversity. Food practices are geared towards ensuring the integration of children into their social group. The expression ‘food from the pot’ epitomizes this child socialization trend.
Advantages and disadvantages of femoral port systems in hematоlogical patients with superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Galstyan G. M. , Spirin M. V. , Drokov M. Yu. , Kostina I. E. , Mangasarova Ya. K.
Published: December 2020

Background. In the superior vena cava syndrome, vein catheterisation provides an alternative for vascular access. Few reports describe the usage of femoral ports.

Aim. Description of pros and contras for femoral port installation in patients with haematological malignancies and the superior vena cava syndrome.

Materials and methods. This prospective non-randomised, single-centre study included 163 haematological patients implanted 72 ports in superior vena cava, 35 — in inferior vena cava and inserted with 156 non-tunnelled femoral catheters. Catheterisation properties, complications, duration of use and reasons for port and catheter removal were registered.

Results. No signiﬁcant differences were observed between ports in superior and inferior vena cava as per the frequency of urokinase use in catheter dysfunction, catheter dislocation, catheter-associated bloodstream and pocket infections. Differences were revealed in the catheter-associated thrombosis rate, which was higher with femoral access (17.0 % or 0.9/1000 catheter days vs. 8.3 % or 0.2/1000 catheter days, p = 0.017). Ports in inferior vena cava had a lesser duration of use than in superior vena cava (p = 0.0001). Unlike femoral ports, non-tunnelled femoral catheters had higher rates of catheter-associated thrombosis (9/1000 vs. 0.9/1000 catheter days, p = 0.002) and infection (4.9/1000 vs. 0.3/1000 catheter days, p = 0.002). One lymphoma therapy course required one femoral port or 1 to 14 (median 3) non-tunnelled femoral catheters.

Conclusion. Femoral port implantation is a necessary measure in patients with the superior vena cava syndrome. It has advantages in terms of catheterisation frequency, lower infectious and thrombotic complication rates compared to non-tunnelled femoral catheters.
First experience of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with mantle cell lymphoma with a mutation in the TP53 gene
Authors: Koroleva D. A. , Gabeeva N. G. , Drokov M. Yu. , Vasilyeva V. A. , Biderman B. V. , Tsygankova S. V. , Bulygina E. S. , Galstyan G. M. , Sudarikov A. B. , Obukhova T. N. , Kuzmina L. A. , Zvonkov E. E. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Savchenko V. G.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Mutations in the TP53 gene in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL TP53+) are associated with a low response to intensive chemotherapy (CT) and adverse outcomes. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative approach in MCL-TP53+ patients.

Aim. Efﬁcacy and safety assessment of allo-HSCT in MCL-TP53+ patients.

Main ﬁndings. During 2016–2020, allo-HSCT in MCL TP53+ was performed in three patients. Two of them were grafted from HLA-identical unrelated donors, and one — from a haploidentical donor. Pre-transplant conditioning was “ﬂudarabine + treosulfan + melphalan” in one case, and “ﬂudarabine + busulfan” — in the other two. In three patients, leukocyte and platelet counts were recovered at days +18 and +20, +17 and +21, +19 and +16 after allo-HSCT, respectively. Acute graft-versushost disease (aGVHD) was observed in all patients (grade I — in 2 patients, grade IV — in 1 patient). One patient developed chronic GVHD (cGVHD) of moderate grade. All three patients exhibited complete remission and 100% donor chimerism in allo-HSCT follow-up of 6, 15 and 40 months, respectively.
Effects of tillage and crop rotation on yield and quality parameters of durum wheat in Tunisia
Authors: Chaieb Nadia , Rezguia Mohsen , Ayedb Sourour , Bahria Haithem , Cheikh M’hameda Hatem , Rezguia Mounir , Annabia Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Conservation agriculture has been proposed as an alternative to conventional agriculture to mitigate the climate change impact and ensure food security. This study examined the effect of three tillage systems, ((conventional tillage (CT), chisel tillage (ChT) and no tillage (NT)) and two crop-rotation systems ((two year crop rotation (2-yr) and three year crop rotation (3-yr)) on some yield and quality parameters of two winter durum wheat genotypes. The results showed that biological yield (BY) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were neither significantly affected by tillage, crop rotation nor genotype. Only the genotype significantly affected grain yield (GY). Grain protein content (GPC %) showed higher values than straw protein content (SPC %) and NT negatively affected GPC%. Some significant differences of mineral elements were observed according to tillage system applied and NT showed the lowest values of grain N, straw K, straw Ca and straw Na. Tillage system, croprotation system and genotype had no effect on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Highly significant negative correlation (-0,378**) was recorded between GY and grain N, and accordingly GPC%. The two winter durum wheat genotypes demonstrated that with the two crop-rotation systems, yields and most of quality parameters under NT and ChT were similar to those under CT. This study expands our knowledge on durum wheat chemistry variation in relation to agricultural system adopted and provides a basis for selecting the adequate crop
Hubungan Faktor Keturunan Dengan Kanker Payudara DI RSUD Abdoel Moeloek
Authors: Azmi Ariq Naufal , Kurniawan Bambang , Siswandi Andi , Detty Ade Utia
Published: December 2020

Kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat, kanker payudara dapat bersifat sporadis, familial dan turun temurun. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan faktor riwayat hereditas dengan kanker payudara di RSUD Dr. Abdul Moeloek. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien kanker payudara yang tercatat pada rekam medik 2019 diambil secara total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivarait menggunakan Chi-Squar. Hasil: Frekuensi diketahui distribusi riwayat herediter pada pasien kanker payudara terbanyak dengan riwayat keluarga kanker payudara sebesar 61,0%. Diketahui ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor riwayat herediter dan kanker payudara (nilai p: 0,000; 0R: 10, 9).
Hubungan Ferritin Serum dengan Berat Badan dan Tinggi Badan Pada Penderita Thalasemia Β Mayor
Authors: Abi Daud Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang: Salah satu penanda yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kelebihan besi pada tubuh adalah dengan mengukur kadar feritin dalam plasma. Apabila terjadi penumpukan besi pada kelenjar hipofisis, akan mengganggu sekresi dari Growth Hormone (GH), Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), dan Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) sehingga pertumbuhan dan perkembangan akan terganggu. Sebagian besar pasien thalassemia ditemukan mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan yang signifikan. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan feritin serum dengan berat badan dan tinggi badan pada penderita thalasemia β mayor di Rumah Sakit Abdul Moeloek tahun 2020. Metode: Penelitian berupa analitik observasional potong lintang, dilakukan pada bulan februari - april 2020 kadar ferittin serum didapat dengan meninjau observasi data rekam medis. dan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan berdasarkan rumus IMT untuk melihat gangguan pertumbuhan pada pasien thalassemia β-mayor. Hasil: Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji statistik Fisher. Selama penelitian berlangsung didapatkan total 60 sampel. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan gangguan pertumbuhan (p=0,002) pada penderita talasemia mayor.
Sosiodemografi Dengan Kepatuhan Peserta Prolanis Di Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung
Authors: Kinasih Gayatri Putri , Agustina Rita , Mustofa Festy Ladyani
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang : Prolanis adalah sistem pelayanan kesehatan proaktif terintegrasi yang melibatkan peserta, Fasilitas Kesehatan dan BPJS kesehatan dalam rangka pemeliharaan kesehatan bagi peserta BPJS Kesehatan yang menderita penyakit kronis termasuk diabetes tipe 2 untuk mencapai kualitas hidup yang optimal. Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan sosiodemografi dengan kepatuhan peserta PROLANIS di Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sumber data penelitian data yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dan catatan buku kehadiran pasien peserta PROLANIS di Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung. Populasi 250 pasien peserta PROLANIS. Sampel terdiri atas 72 peserta PROLANIS. Pengumpulan data pada bulan februari 2020. Analisis melalui analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: bahwa tidak ada hubungan pada usia dengan hasil p=0,09 (p>0,05), jenis kelamin dengan hasil p=0,183 (p>0,05) dan adanya hubungan pada pendidikan dengan hasil p=0.000 (p<0,05), pekerjaan dengan hasil p=0,022 (p<0,05), dukungan keluarga dengan hasil p=0,000 (p<0,05). Hubungan sosiodemografi dengan kepatuhan peserta PROLANIS di Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung. Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat hubungan antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan kepatuhan mengikuti Prolanis dan terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan, pekerjaan, dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan mengikuti Prolanis.
Kompetensi Perawat dan Tingkat Keterlaksanaan Kegiatan Perawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto , Herman Herman , Asmi A Syamsinar
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang: pembangunan kesehatan merupakan cara dalam meningkatkan kesadaran, kemauan, dan kemampuan hidup sehat bagi setiap orang agar terwujud derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang optimal. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah non- eksperimental dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dan analitik korelasi. Populasi seluruh perawat yang bekerja di puskesmas di Kota Makassar sebanyak 118 orang perawa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dalam pemilihannya. Hasil: tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tingkat keterlaksanaan kegiatan perkesmas. Sebaliknya, ada hubungan antara sikap, keterampilan, dan kompetensi dengan tingkat keterlaksanaan kegiatan perkesmas dan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara kompetensi dan pelatihan sehingga kedua variabel tersebut saling mempengaruhi. Kesimpulan: bahwa ada hubungan antara sikap, keterampilan dan pengetahuan dalam keterlaksanaan kegiatan perkesmas. Paling dominan dengan keterlaksanaan perkesmas adalah adanya interaksi antara kompetensi dan pelatihan
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) dan Hubungannya dengan Defisiensi Vitamin D
Authors: Algifary Dandy Fahsi
Published: December 2020

Diperkirakan sebanyak 2-4% dari total populasi paruh baya menderita apnea tidur, dengan kecenderungan pada pria dibandingkan dengan wanita. Efek jangka panjang Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) antara lain gangguan fungsi kognitif, resistensi insulin, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan depresi. Penelitian mengenai hubungan antara vitamin D dan keparahan OSA telah menjadi perhatian penting karena kekurangan vitamin D juga menjadi masalah medis yang umum di seluruh dunia, dan prevalensinya meningkat seiring dengan obesitas, gaya hidup yang tidak banyak bergerak, paparan sinar matahari yang terbatas, dan penuaan. Tujuan dari studi literatur ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara OSA dan  dengan adanya defisiensi Vitamin D. Sumber pustaka yang digunakan dalam studi literatur ini  melibatkan 17 pustaka yang berasal dari 1 jurnal nasional dan 16 jurnal internasional. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara defisiensi vitamin D dan OSA yang disebabkan oleh mekanisme patogenetik yang kompleks dan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor perancu. Pasien dengan OSA yang parah secara umum berkaitan dengan kekurangan vitamin D.
Hubungan Antara Rhinitis Alergi Dengan Sinusitis Pada Pemeriksaan Foto Sinus Paranasal di RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Tahun 2019
Authors: Hapsari Tantri Dwi Kaniya Retno , Wulandari Mardheni , Haryadi Haryadi , Sabilla Salma Restiany
Published: December 2020

Background: Sinusitis and rhinitis are closely related diseases, especially chronic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction to the nose that exposed to allergens. Sinusitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs in the sinus mucosa caused by inflammation of the nose with symptoms in the form of nasal congestion and pressure in the infected sinus area.

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between Allergic Rhinitis and Sinusitis on Paranasal Sinus Photo Examination at RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2019.

Research Method: The research method used in this study is a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional approach because it intends to analyze the influence or relationship in the study. The research design is cross sectional, which is a type of research conducted by collecting data only once at a time.

The result: By using the Chi Square test, it shows a p-value = 0.000 which is less than the significance value of 5% (0.05), this shows that there is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. From the above analysis, it was found that the OR value = 17.28, which states that patients who experience allergic rhinitis have 17.28 times to experience sinusitis. By using the Chi Square test, it shows a p-value = 0.000 which is less than the significance value of 5% (0.05), this shows that there is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis on the paranasal sinus photo examination at RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2019.
Kelainan Ventrikel Tunggal Pada Anak
Authors: Simangunsong Isabel Theodora , Catur M Marliando Satria Pangestu
Published: December 2020

Single ventricle atau univentricular heart merupakan kelainan jantung kongenital yang akan mengakibatkan penderitanya memiliki masalah klinis yang kompleks dan defek dikarakteristikan dengan perkembangan tidak sempurna pada salah satu ventrikel, malformasi dapat berupa perkembangan yang tidak sempurna maupun hipoplastik. Single ventricle memiliki beberapa bentuk yang kemudian diklasifikasi tergantung dengan morfologinya. Bentuk single ventricle yang paling umum ditemukan pada pasien adalah Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) yang terjadi pada 2-3 neonatus per 10.000 kelahiran hidup. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu metode tinjauan literatur dari berbagai jurnal nasional maupun internasional. Tidak ada etiologi spesifik terhadap defek ini, tetapi diketahui bahwa faktor lingkungan dan genetik memiliki peran dalam keadaan single ventricle, dengan alasan ini makan dibutuhkan diagnosis prenatal untuk menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien. Keadaan ini dapat mengakibatkan tercampurnya darah yang teroksigenasi dan darah deoksigenasi. Single ventricle merupakan kondisi yang sangat fatal apabila tidak segera ditangani maka operasi paliatif dapat menjadi pilihan terbaik untuk meningkatkan survival hingga usia dewasa. Terapi paliatif ini mengandung tiga tahap dengan hasil akhir memaksimalkan aliran darah sistemik dengan cara merubah aliran darah yang parallel menjadi serial dan untuk mempertahankan fungsi dari alirah darah sistemik tersebut. Prosedur Fontan sudah menunjukan peningkatan survival rate pasien hingga 70%.
Territoriality and Space Among the Hupd'ah and Tukano of the River Uaupés Basin
Authors: Athias Renato
Published: December 2020

Short description (adapted from the Text):

The aim of this text is to present a vision of the territorial occupation of the indigenous groups that live in the Uaupés Basin, focusing on inter-ethnic relations and the models of spatial occupation of the Maku and Tukanoan (Oriental) indigenous groups that inhabit this region. The idea of this exercise is to indicate elements for a possible analysis of the concept of territoriality used by the Indians that live in this region. The basic of this work is the hypotheses on the indigenous presence in the Uaupés basin, presented by Nimuendajú and which an, albeit with a number reservations, accepted by the majority of the anthropologists working in this part of the Amazon. Ideally, archeological studies would be made to prove these hypotheses, but both the mythology and the oral tradition of these populations appear to ratify them. (…)
Unidades Sociais e Padroes de Relacoes Fusao e fissáo entre os Waiwai no Jatapuzinho
Authors: Días Carlos
Published: December 2020

The article describes communities of the Waiwai indigenous group from the Roraima state in Brazil.
SINGAPURA DAN ASEAN: ANALISIS RELASI NEGARA DAN INSTITUSI KAWASAN DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hariyadi Riska Putri
Published: December 2020

Increased interstate connectivity has led to the mobility of the COVID-19 outbreak easily spread throughout the world, including Southeast Asia. This outbreak has a multi-dimension effect that encourages countries to take two possibilities, Collaboration to handle the outbreak or by issuing restrictions as protection measures. Through this paper, the author describes the relations that occur in the Southeast Asian region by analyzing Singapore and ASEAN in the face of the outbreak. This paper argues that Singapore and ASEAN show commitment to the handling of the COVID-19 outbreak through regional cooperation such as the Asean COVID-19 Response Fund and solidarity actions with member countries.

COVID-19, Singapura, ASEAN, Regional Cooperation
VIBRATION RESEARCH IN MOBILE AGRICULTURAL MACHINES
Authors: Iskovich-Lototskyy Rostyslav , Veselovska Nataliia , Ivanchuk Yaroslav , Hnatyuk Olena
Published: December 2020

In this work, vibrations were investigated during loading and unloading operations of mobile agricultural machines, which are considered to be one of the most labor-intensive components of the transport process. Therefore, idle machines during carrying out operations and in anticipation of them remain quite significant, which is due to the insufficient level of mechanization of loading and unloading of cargoes on transport, with a fuzzy coordination of actions of different organizations in the overloading of loads at transport nodes and for some other reasons. The main means of mechanization are stationary and gantry cranes for containers, heavy loads and large packages, as well as means of mechanization on the railway or on the chassis of a standard mobile car or special chassis.
In our opinion, the use of hydraulic impulse actuators in the production of vibration and vibration shock unloading devices is promising, due to the simplicity of construction, compactness, high energy intensity, a wide range of regulation of operating parameters and the ability to work in automated mode. In particular, a promising area is the creation of removable attachments with hydro-impulse drive for dump trucks, onboard vehicles, tractor trailers and other vehicles. For intensification of processes of unloading of a body of a trailer-dump truck of tractors the hydraulic vibrating shock device is developed. It accelerates the unloading and cleaning of the body of agricultural products. Reduced costs and reduced oversized idle tractors with unloading trailers.
Therefore, the development of vibration and vibration impact equipment for use in loading and unloading operations on mobile agricultural machines and in general on transport is an urgent task.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pembersih Bearing Menggunakan Gelombang Suara Ultrasonik
Authors: Effendi Harlan , Newton Ibrahim
Published: December 2020

Alat ini bekerja dengan memberikan gelombang listrik ke Transduser menggunakan frekuensi dan daya yang sesuai (40kHz dan 60W), muncul gelembung kavitasi akibat getaran suara pada cairan perantara yang menjangkau di celah bagian bearing sehingga kotoran akan terhisap oleh gelembung lalu terlepas dari bearing. Terdapat parameter yang diukur dan diuji yaitu gelombang yang dibangkitkan oleh mikrokontroler Arduino ProMini, gelombang yang masuk ke rangkaian penguat, gelombang yang diterima beban, dan hasil pembersihan. Dari proses pengujian, alat ini menghasilkan gelombang dengan ketepatan frekuensi 82.5% dan mampu menggerakkan Transduser walaupun belum pada daya maksimumnya dikarenakan kurang baiknya kualitas Transformator.
TSAR FEODOR IVANOVICH ABOUT LAPLAND QUESTION IN THE BORDER DISPUTE BETWEEN RUSSIA AND DENMARK–NORWAY (ACCORDING TO TSAR’S LETTER TO DANISH KING DATED AUGUST 1585)
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Tolkachev M.V.
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to one of subject in the Lapland Question, which was a result of territorial dispute of Russia and Denmark–Norway in European Arctic. The author examines the complex of arguments formulated by tsarist government to confirm the rights and positions of the Russian state in Lapland region (using the example of a letter from Tsar Feodor Ivanovich of August 1585), and also analyzes the counter-arguments of the King of Denmark.
SELECTIVE ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SARM) – A NEW TEMPTATION IN SPORTS. TYPES, MODE OF ACTION AND SIDE EFFECTS OF THEIR APPLICATION: REVIEW
Authors: Vasilev Veselin , Boyadjiev Nikolay
Published: December 2020

The selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are androgen receptor ligands that bind to androgen receptors on target cells and exhibit a more pronounced anabolic effect at the expense of the androgenic effect on the latter. The aim of the article is to explain what SARMs are and how they are connected with sports. We used over 300 articles for the last 20 years connected with SARMs. Recently, the interest in these new molecules and their use has grown significantly, including in sports, which has led to their listing on the WADA prohibited list. In recent years, a lot of data have been gathered, both on the mechanism of action of a number of steroidal and non-steroidal representatives of this class of substances and on the adverse side effects of their use, as the latter should be well-known to sports doctors and especially to amateurs practicing in their free time and willing to increase their muscle mass with a view to preventing any potential health risks.
Community Language Learning: What can we take from this classic teaching method?
Authors: Entwistle Thomas
Published: December 2020

This article explores the classic teaching approach of Community Language Learning (CLL). It will introduce CLL, describe how and when it was developed, what approaches it takes to teaching English, what procedures and techniques are used in a typical CLL lesson, and what materials are needed. This article then goes onto describe how through experimenting with CLL, I believe there are elements of CLL that can help with some common issues in varying Japanese teaching contexts such as tackling learners’ over reliance on electronic devices, and providing learners with authentic listening. Also, this article will also go over some of the weaknesses of CLL. For instance, our institutional requirements, and the fact that this way of teaching goes against how many Japanese learners have been taught English in the past (e.g. in carefully controlled teacher led classrooms).

本論文ではコミュニティ・ランゲージ・ラーニング(CLL)という古典的な教授法について考察する。CLL の概要を紹介し、いつ、どのようにして開発されたのか、英語を教えるためにはどのようなアプローチが必要なのか、典型的な CLL のレッスンではどのような手順とテクニックが使われ、どのような教材が必要なのかを説明する。私は、実地検証を通し、CLL には日本の教育現場共通の課題である「学習者の電子機器への依存度の高さ」や、「学習者に本物のリスニングを提供すること」の解決に役立つ要素があると考えている。また、本論文では CLL の弱点として「CLL は教育施設ごとに制定されている独自のルールや、これまで多くの日本人学習者に英語を教えてきた方法(例:入念に管理された教師主導の教室)に反する」ことを挙げ、詳しく触れていく。
Re-developing, Of Farm Athenaeum And Materialize Automation: Ultimatum And Occasion
Authors:   National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Chandigarh University, India, Narayan Dr. S. K.
Published: December 2020

The conventional method of running library administrations in horticultural athenaeum is by all accounts over at this point. The principle explanations behind this is by all accounts the mix of negative development in financing, increment in costs of horticultural data assets and important interests in innovation, human asset improvement and expanding desire for the clients. Rural athenaeum of SAUs and ICAR organizations have encountered these issues during last 8-10 years. Working with less financing during these years have prompted the undoing of a portion of the farming assets.
ÖZEL MÜZİK KURSLARININ PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDEKİ UZAKTAN EĞİTİM DURUMLARI
Authors: AKSOY Yakup , GÜÇLÜ Onur , NAYİR Aynur Elhan
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle alınan tedbirler kapsamında 16 Mart-1 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze eğitim faaliyetlerine ara verilen Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı özel müzik kurslarının uzaktan eğitimden ne derecede faydalandıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı olarak faaliyet gösteren 285 müzik kursundan 105’i oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan açık ve kapalı sorulardan oluşan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde nitel ve nicel veri analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda kursların pandemiyle birlikte uzaktan eğitim hakkında daha çok bilgi sahibi oldukları, pandemiden önce uzaktan eğitim kullanmamış kursların pandemiyle birlikte uzaktan eğitime geçtikleri, uzaktan eğitime geçen kursların daha çok video konferans yöntemini barındıran eş zamanlı modeli tercih ettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilecek bulguların bu tür kursların idarecilerine, öğretmenlerine, öğrenci ve velilerine, araştırmacılara ve ilgililere fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Epidemiological geographic profiling for a meta-population network
Authors:   University of Tsukuba, Maeno Yoshiharu
Published: December 2020

Epidemiological geographic profiling is a statistical method for making inferences about likely areas of a source from the geographical distribution of patients. Epidemiological geographic profiling algorithms are developed to locate a source from the dataset on the number of new cases for a meta-population network model. It is found from the WHO dataset on the SARS outbreak that Hong Kong remains the most likely source throughout the period of observation. This reasoning is pertinent under the restricted circumstance that the number of reported probable cases in China was missing, unreliable, and incomprehensive. It may also imply that globally connected Hong Kong was more influential as a spreader than China. Singapore, Taiwan, Canada, and the United States follow Hong Kong in the likeliness ranking list
The modern problem of infant mortality in the Russian Federation, an integrated approach to reduction on the example of the Republic of Ingushetia
Authors:   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, Ugurchieva H. U.
Published: December 2020

Infant mortality is an important indicator of the social well-being of society and reflects the state of the national health system as a whole. According to official statistics, the infant mortality rate in the Russian Federation has reached a significant decrease in recent years, but in comparison with the leading countries of the world it still remains high. The study found that in the Russian Federation infant mortality has a territorial differentiation, which indicates different policies of the executive authorities of the regions in the direction related to the reduction of infant mortality. The review article contains data on the dynamics of infant mortality in the Republic of Ingushetia and other republics of the North Caucasus Federal District. A significant decrease in the infant mortality rate in the Republic of Ingushetia is shown as a result of the effective interaction of state authorities at all levels. The need for an integrated approach in the system of management decisions for the development of the perinatal service in the regions of the Russian Federation has been proved.
Rice Value Chain Analysis in the Philippines: Value Addition, Constraints, and Upgrading Strategies
Authors:   Philippine Rice Research Institute, Mataia Alice , Beltran Jesusa ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute, Manalili Rowena ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute, Catudan Betzaida ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute, Francisco Nefriend ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute, Flores Adrielle ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute
Published: December 2020

Using the value chain analysis (VCA) framework, this research analyzed the rice value chain (RVC) in the Philippines, examined the value additions, identified constraints, and proposed upgrading strategies to enhance the competitiveness of the rice industry and the specific segments in the RVC. Primary data were derived from key informant interviews in government and non-government agencies, surveys from farmers, paddy traders, millers, wholesalers, wholesaler-retailers, and retailers in 20 major rice-producing provinces and demand centers. Stakeholders’ workshops were also conducted to validate the preliminary findings and identify upgrading strategies. Descriptive and economic approaches were applied in data analysis. The country’s RVC starts with the provision of inputs to produce paddy, and ends with the consumption of milled rice. The RVC is dominated by a traditional multi-layered supply chain with interconnected chain actors composed of competing farmers, paddy traders, millers, and rice traders in each segment and, oftentimes, with the engagement of brokers in both paddy aggregation and rice distribution, thereby, increasing marketing cost. The major constraints identified in the RVC included high production and marketing costs of paddy and rice attributed to low yield, high labor cost and material inputs, and insufficient crucial infrastructure and market facilities (e.g., modern mills, dryer, cheap transport, and energy), which result in high domestic paddy and rice prices, and low competitiveness of the entire rice VC. To enhance the level of competitiveness, the rice industry should concentrate on generating and promoting yield-increasing, postharvest loss-reducing, and cost-minimizing technologies, as well as those that improve overall efficiency in the RVC such as investments in enabling infrastructure, and facilities for transport, handling, storage, drying and milling.
Sustaining Rice Productivity, Soil Fertility, and Income from Prawn-Rice Joint Culture in the Gher System in Banglade
Authors:   East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Barmon Basanta Kumar , Rahman Sanzidur ,   University of Plymouth, UK
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the long-term impacts of the joint prawn-rice gher farming system on agricultural and household incomes, soil fertility, and productivity of modern variety (MV) rice in southwestern Bangladesh, based on socioeconomic data of the gher farmers and soil fertility data of their gher plots. In 2005, 20 farmers operating on 30 plots were randomly selected from the Bilpabla village of Khulna from whom prawn and MV rice production data were collected using a questionnaire; soil samples were also collected and tested. In 2011 and 2017, the sustainability of the gher system over time was assessed through another survey of farmers following the same methodology. Results revealed that although the nominal income from gher farming increased by 59 percent in 2011 and 23 percent in 2017, the real income and per capita household income remained unchanged over time. Agricultural income has contributed about 65 percent to household income, which for gher farmers was about 200 percent higher than average rural incomes in Bangladesh. Rice productivity declined slightly from its 2005 level. However, the productivity of MV rice under prawn-rice gher farming is substantially higher than in the conventional MV rice farming system. The positive estimates of the Mean Soil Quality Index and Soil Degradation Index for land used for MV paddy production within the gher indicate an increase in soil nutrients. This suggests that the joint prawn-rice gher farming system is relatively sustainable, having improved soil fertility and stabilized real income. Policy implications toward promoting agricultural growth in the southwestern region of Bangladesh include research on developing varieties of MV rice suited to prawn-rice gher farming and the development of commercial feeds and markets for prawn to further raise productivity and incomes of gher farmers.
On the correct identification of Miltochrista jeremyhollowayi (Bucsek, 2014) and Miltochrista malayproducta (Bucsek, 2012) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)
Authors: Volynkin Anton V.
Published: December 2020

The holotypes of the recently described Miltochrista jeremyhollowayi (Bucsek, 2014) and M. malayproducta (Bucsek, 2012) are examined and dissected. The results show that the male genitalia illustrated by Bucsek (2014) as jeremyhollowayi belong to an unidentified species of the M. terminata (Moore, 1878) species-complex while the holotype of jeremyhollowayi is conspecific to the holotype of Miltochrista postseriata (Holloway, 2001) therefore the new synonymy is established: Miltochrista postseriata (Holloway, 2001) = Lyclene jeremyhollowayi Bucsek, 2014, syn. nov. It is also found that M. malayproducta belongs to the M. terminata species-complex in fact, and the male genitalia illustrated by Bucsek (2012) as ‘Lyclene nubilalis’ belong to this species. 6 colour and 6 black and white diagnostic figures are included.
Potential of Problem-Solving Flipped Classroom Instruction in teaching Internet of Things (IoT) at Community Colleges: A Needs Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Zanariah , Techanamurthy Umawathy , Kahar Noorfadhilah , Ahmad Fadhlina , Salahuddin Ana Rohana Pataniah
Published: December 2020

Flipped Classroom enables instructors to spend more time for hands-on problem-solving instruction compared to the traditional pedagogical model which involves lectures. The purpose of this study is to determine the need for a problem-solving flipped classroom module to be designed for the STM3023: Internet of Things (IoT) subject offered at the Certificate level at Malaysian Community Colleges. A structured interview was conducted with 16 lecturers from 14 Community Colleges offering the subject to obtain their views on current teaching practices along with the challenges faced in the teaching and learning of IoT to entry level students. Participants were also asked about their readiness towards the flipped classroom following an orientation session on Flipped Classroom approach. The findings showed that lecturers mostly used traditional pedagogical models in the TVET settings such as lectures. Students usually followed instructions and merely replicate the hands-on tasks as demonstrated by their lecturers in class. It was also found that students were struggling with the subject due to their lack of competency in programming and grasping electrical and electronics concepts. Students were also found to be weak in mathematics and reasoning skills, thus making it a challenge to teach IoT to them. Therefore, a myriad of media, materials and application of real-world concepts may be required to aid lecturers to improve students’ achievement in the subject. The flipped classroom approach for teaching which gives more time for hands-on problem-solving instruction may be appropriate to support lecturers to overcome the challenges in teaching IoT.
Teoria do risco criado vs. risco integral na responsabilidade civil ambiental sob o prisma do REsp 1.612.887/PR, julgado pelo STJ
Authors: Caronti Raphael Abreu Senna
Published: December 2020

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a aplicação da teoria do risco integral na responsabilidade civil ambiental, tendo como base o julgado do REsp. n. 1.612.887 – PR, e verificar se a teoria do risco integral não causa situações de supressão do direito de ampla defesa e, se não seria melhor aplicar a teoria do risco criado, conforme as legislações estrangeiras. Com relação a metodologia adotada o estudo é classificado como dedutivo, tendo como meio de pesquisa o meio bibliográfico, com análise da doutrina e de julgados dos tribunais e, a pesquisa teve como fim o método qualitativo. O resultado obtido com a pesquisa foi a possibilidade de a teoria do risco integral se tornar um ônus excessivo para quem não está em uma atividade de risco e de suprimir em alguns casos o direito fundamental de ampla defesa e contraditório.