bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasmodium falciparum Kelch13 polymorphisms identified after treatment failure with artemisinin- based combination therapy in Niger
Authors: Arzika Ibrahima Issa , Lobo Neil , Lamine Mahaman Moustapha , Tidjani Ilagouma Amadou , Houze Sandrine , Hubert Véronique , Mahamadou Boubacar , Adehossi Eric , Sarr Demba , Mahmud Ousman , Laminou Ibrahim Maman
Published: December 2022

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the most effective treatment for malaria, and has significantly reduced morbimortality. Polymorphisms associated with the Plasmodium falciparum kelch gene (Pfkelch13) propeller domains have been associated with delayed parasite clearance even with ACT treatment.
Methods: The Pfkelch13gene was sequenced from P. falciparum infected patients (n=159) with uncomplicated malaria in Niger.An adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was reported in 155 patients. Four (n=4) patients had treatment failure (TF) that were not reinfections - two of which had late parasitological failures (LPF) and two had late clinical failures (LCF).
Results: Thirteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified of which eight were non synonymous (NSY) (C469R, T508S, S515T, A578S, I465V, I437V, E506L, N197D), and five were synonymous (SY) (H298H, H385H, P443P, P715P, L514L).
Six SNP (C469R, H298H, E506L, N197D, H385H, P715P) were present before ACT treatment, while seven mutations (C469R, T508S, S515T, L514L, P443P, I437V, I465V) were selected by Artemether lumefantrine (AL) - five of which were non synonymous (C469R, T508S, S515T, I437V, I465V). Artesunate amodiaquine (ASAQ) has selected any mutation.
One sample presented three cumulatively non-synonymous SNPs - C469R, T508S, S515T.
This study demonstrates intra host selection of Pfkelch13 gene NS by AL.
Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of LCF and LPF parasites in the selection of resistance to ACT. Further studies using gene editing are required to confirm the potential implication of resistance to ACT with the most common S515T and T508S mutations. It would also be important to elucidate the role of cumulative mutations.
GenBank accession numbers: MZ364160, MZ364-213
Impacts of DNA methylases and demethylases on the methylation and expression of Arabidopsis ethylene signal pathway genes
Authors: Jiang Yan , Zhang Shengwei , Chen Kun , Xia Xue , Tao Bingqing , Kong Weiwen
Published: December 2022

Arabidopsis ethylene (ET) signal pathway plays important roles in various aspects. Cytosine DNA methylation is significant in controlling gene expression in plants. Here, we analyzed the bisulfite sequencing and mRNA sequencing data from Arabidopsis (de)methylase mutants met1, cmt3, drm1/2, ddm1, ros1-4, and rdd to investigate how DNA (de)methylases influence the DNA methylation and expression of Arabidopsis ET pathway genes. At least 32 genes are found to involved in Arabidopsis ET pathway by text mining. Among them, 14 genes are unmethylated or methylated with very low levels. ACS6 and ACS9 are conspicuously methylated within their upstream regions. The other 16 genes are predominantly methylated at the CG sites within gene body regions in wild-type plants, and mutation of MET1 resulted in almost entire elimination of the CG methylations. In addition, CG methylations within some genes are jointly maintained by MET1 and other (de)methylases. Analyses of mRNA-seq data indicated that some ET pathway genes were differentially expressed between wild-type and diverse mutants. PDF1.2, the marker gene of ET signal pathway, was found being regulated indirectly by the methylases. 82 transposable elements (TEs) were identified to be associated to 15 ET pathway genes. ACS11 is found located in a heterochromatin region that contains 57 TEs, indicating its specific expression and regulation. Together, our results suggest that DNA (de)methylases are implicated in the regulation of CG methylation within gene body regions and transcriptional activity of some ET pathway genes, and that maintenance of normal CG methylation is essential for ET pathway in Arabidopsis.
TMEM151A Variants Associated with Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia
Authors: Huang Hualin , Zhang Qingxia , Huang Fei , Long Xiaoyan , Song Zhi , Xiao Bo , Li Guoliang , Ma Caiyu , Liu Ding
Published: December 2022

TMEM151A, located at 11q13.2 and encoding transmembrane protein 151A, was recently reported as causative for autosomal dominant paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD). Here, through comprehensive analysis of sporadic and familial cases, we expand the clinical and mutation spectrum of PKD. In doing so, we clarify the clinical and genetic features of Chinese PKD patients harboring TMEM151A variants and further explore the relationship between TMEM151A mutations and PKD. Whole exome sequencing was performed on 26 sporadic PKD patients and nine familial PKD pedigrees without PRRT2 variants. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the gene expression of frameshift mutant TMEM151A in a PKD patient. TMEM151A variants reported to date were reviewed. Four TMEM151A variants were detected in four unrelated families with 12 individuals, including a frameshift mutation [c.606_607insA (p.Val203fs)], two missense mutations [c.166G > A (p.Gly56Arg) and c.791T > C (p.Val264Ala)], and a non-pathogenic variant [c.994G > A (p.Gly332Arg)]. The monoallelic frameshift mutation (c.606_607insA) may cause TMEM151A mRNA decay, suggesting a potential pathogenic mechanism of haploinsufficiency. Patients with TMEM151A variants had short-duration attacks and presented with dystonia. Our study provides a detailed clinical description of PKD patients with TMEM151A mutations and reports a new disease-causing mutation, expanding the known phenotypes caused by TMEM151A mutations and providing further detail about the pathoetiology of PKD.
Discrimination of groundwater mineralization process in the Jemna oases (southwestern Tunisia) between anthropogenic effect and evaporate dissolution
Authors: ELhamdi Rafika , Bencheikh Narjess , Moumni Yahya , Boukchina Rachid
Published: December 2022

Southern Tunisia is characterized by high temperatures, scarcity of rainfall (less than 90 mm/year), and high evaporation. In such an arid environment, most oases are developed thanks to groundwater springs and deep wells in artesian aquifers. Located in the southwestern part of Tunisia, the Jemna oases are considered among the most important palm groves in the country. In recent years, various modernization interventions and significant financial resources have been mobilized in this area to produce groundwater from the Continental Intercalaire (CI) and the Complex Terminal (CT) aquifers to supply the ever- increasing demand for water for agricultural activities. However, the overexploitation of these aquifers has led to the decline of groundwater heads and, therefore, a drying up of most natural springs. The results show that the dissolution of evaporitic minerals constitutes the principal cause of the observed groundwater mineralization. These salinization problems were greatly accentuated by local corrosion of the casing of a central groundwater production well exploiting the CI 11 aquifer in 2014. Since this date, the problem of contamination seems to have reached all the surrounding shallower aquifers. Caused by several combined anthropogenic and geological factors, the degradation of groundwater quality in this arid region constitutes a serious risk of limitation of water resources and even the extinction of the Jemna oases. Combined isotopic and hydrochemical investigations were conducted to understand the hydrodynamic characteristics of the different aquifer systems in the Jemna area and identify the main factors and mechanisms that control groundwater mineralization.The isotopic data highlights the significant mixing of waters from underlying aquiferes in realtion to the geological complexity of the region.
Lacunary Summability and Lacunary Statistical Convergence Concepts in Partial Metric Spaces
Authors: Gülle Esra , Dündar Erdinç , Ulusu Uğur
Published: December 2022

In this study, firstly, we introduce the concepts of strong lacunary and strong q-lacunary summability in the partial metric space (X, p) and then, we give some properties and theorems related with these concepts. Also, we present the concept of lacunary statistical convergence in the partial metric space (X, p) and examine some relations.
Influence of Logistics Management on Availability and Affordability of Antihypertensive Medicines in Rwanda. Case Study: RMS Ltd and District Hospitals
Authors: Cyprien NTIBIRINGIRWA
Published: December 2022

Background Hypertension is one of the five causes of death globally, and it is a significant risk factor in more than 40% of deaths from cardiovascular and renal diseases [1]. The management of patients with hypertension requires the availability and affordability of medicines used to prevent and treat hypertension to achieve universal health coverage by 2030, as well as Rwanda's ministry of health strategic plan 2019–2024 of achieving 90% target of availability of essential medicines, including ones used for management of hypertension. Method In this study, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was undertaken in 14 public district hospitals, one central medical store, and its 30 branches across the country. Data was collected using excel sheets for surveyed antihypertensive medicines, and questionnaires were sent to all respondents. SPSS Version 22 and advanced excel were used to analyze the data. The treatment of affordability was evaluated by comparing if the patient's contribution to the total treatment was less than their daily salary wages. Results The overall availability of 15 selected antihypertensive medicines was 65%, 64%, and 71% for central medical stores, district stores, and district hospitals, respectively, compared to 80% targeted by WHO and 95% HSSP IV. Only 33.4% of individual items, the availability was greater than 83% and met the WHO target of 80%. The results have shown that stock levels were 40%, 28%, 83% and 20%, 21%, and 0% at maximum and minimum levels for RMS branches, district hospitals, and RMS for the central level, respectively. The results have shown that all surveyed antihypertensives was affordable. Conclusion The availability of antihypertensive medicines remains a challenge in Rwanda's health supply chain, though they are affordable. Therefore, more efforts and improvements are needed to increase the availability of antihypertensive medicines to provide quality health care to patients in need.
Implementing Mindfulness at Work: qualitative study about integrating mindfulness digitally supported into the large corporation setting by using systems theory
Authors: Wrede Sammy J.S. , Sobke Sophie C. , Michaelsen Maren M. , Esch Tobias
Published: December 2022

Current research states the benefits of implementing mindfulness within the workplace. In large corporations, financial and personnel resources for a mindfulness-based intervention may exist, but successfully implementing interventions within a corporation may also require a change in the workplace culture as a whole. This study aims to depict the integration of a mindfulness-based intervention in a digitally augmented setting in order to promote mindfulness in the digital workplace. Because change in an organization cannot be managed one-dimensional, systems theory is implemented within this study in order to meet the requirements of a complex system. Interviews with experts working in or with large companies on the topic of mindfulness in new work contexts reveal an integration process. Subsequently, information is extracted from the interviews and the content is qualitatively analysed to find answers to the research question. Differentiated results from a) employees, b) employers, and c) consultants perspective, with information about input (1.), throughput (2.), and output (3.) of a mindfulness-based intervention in the corporate setting were stated, e.g., with respect to communication by using the employees’ language as well as internal resources such as social media and communication platforms. Guidelines for implementing digitally-supported mindfulness at work are derived and discussed.
Modeling the Impact of Mentoring on Women’s Work-Life Balance: A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Bahrami Parvaneh , Nosratabadi Saeed , Palouzian Khodayar , Hegedűs Szilárd
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to model the impact of mentoring on women’s work-life balance. Indeed, this study considered mentoring as a solution to create a work-life balance of women. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews with both mentors and mentees of Tehran Municipality were conducted and the collected data were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory. Findings provided a model of how mentoring affects women's work-life balance. According to this model, role management is the key criterion for balancing work-life of women. In this model, antecedents of role management and the contextual factors affecting role management, the constraints of mentoring in the organization, as well as the consequences of effective mentoring in the organization are described. The findings of this research contribute to the mentoring literature as well as to the role management literature and provide recommendations for organizations and for future research.
Comparison of carcass condemnation causes in two broiler hybrids differing in growth rates
Authors: Forseth Merete , Moe Randi Oppermann , Kittelsen Käthe , Skjerve Eystein , Toftaker Ingrid
Published: December 2022

Experimental studies concluded that genetic factors enabling fast growth rate might negatively affect broiler health and welfare. Recently, the proportion of slower-growing broilers has been increasing. However, studies of health in broilers with different growth rates in commercial systems are still scarce. This repeated cross-sectional study aimed to describe causes of carcass condemnations in two broiler hybrids with different growth rates, Ross 308, and Hubbard JA787, and to estimate the effect of hybrid. The study sample consisted of 63 209 415 broilers slaughtered in 4295 batches from 139 farms. All broilers were slaughtered from January 1st, 2015, to June 22nd, 2021, by the same company (Norsk Kylling). All causes of condemnation, except fractures, were more prevalent in Ross 308. The five most common causes (ascites, discolouration, hepatitis, small and skin lesions) were investigated in greater detail, and the effect of hybrid was assessed using mixed effects negative binomial models with the condemnation codes as outcome variables. For the five selected causes, variation in prevalence between slaughter batches was considerable for Ross and minor for Hubbard. The notable differences between hybrids in prevalence and causes of condemnation have important implications for animal health, welfare, economy, and sustainability in broiler production.
The Synergetic Effect of Sitafloxacin-Arbekacin Combination in the Mycobacterium abscessus Species
Authors: Watanabe Junko , Ihara Hiroaki , Takei Satomi , Nakamura Ayako , Fujimoto Yuichi , Handoh Tetsuya , Kurokawa Kana , Arai Yuta , Shibayama Kohei , Sumiyoshi Issei , Ochi Yusuke , Okabe Takahiro , Misawa Shigeki , Togo Shinsaku , Naito Toshio , Tabe Yoko , Miida Takashi , Takahashi Kazuhisa
Published: December 2022

Mycobacterium abscessus species (MABS) is the most commonly isolated rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) and is one of the most antibiotic-resistant RGM with rapid progression, therefore, treatment of MABS is still challenging. We here presented a new combination treatment with sitafloxacin that targeted rough morphotypes of MABS, causing aggressive infections. Thirty-four clinical strains of MABS were isolated from various clinical samples at the Juntendo university hospital from 2011 to 2020. The susceptibility to a combination of sitafloxacin and antimicrobial agents was compared to that of the antimicrobial agents alone. Out of 34 MABS, 8 strains treated with sitafloxacin-amikacin combination, 9 of sitafloxacin-imipenem combination, 19 of sitafloxacin-arbekacin combination, and 9 of sitafloxacin-clarithromycin combination showed synergistic effects, respectively. Sitafloxacin-arbekacin combination also exhibited the synergistic effects against 10 of 22 Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense (Mma) strains and 8 of 11 Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus (Mab) strains, a highly resistant subspecies of MABS. The sitafloxacin-arbekacin combination revealed more synergistic effects in rough morphotypes of MABS (p = 0.008). We demonstrated the synergistic effect of the sitafloxacin-arbekacin combination against MABS. Further, this combination regimen might be more effective against Mab or rough morphotypes of MABS.
Predicting the financial behavior of Indian salaried-class individuals
Authors: Mulasi Ankita , Mathew Jain , Desai Kavitha
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 has caused not only unprecedented health crises but also economic crises among individuals across the world. White-collar (salaried-class) employees with a fixed salary face financial insecurity due to job loss, pay cuts and uncertainty in retaining a job. This study examines the financial behavior of Indian white-collar salaried-class investors to their cognitive biases. In addition, the mediating effect of financial self-efficacy on cognitive biases and financial behavior is examined. Respondents were given structured questionnaires (google forms) through emails and WhatsApp for data collection. SPSS and R-PLS are used to analyze the data. Conservatism (r = –.603, p < 0.05) and herding bias (r = –.703, p < 0.05) have a significant negative correlation with financial behavior. Financial self-efficacy has a significant positive correlation (r =.621. p < 0.050). Conservatism and herding predicted 60.5% and 62.2% of the variance, respectively. The direct and indirect paths between conservatism bias, financial self-efficacy, and financial behavior are significant. The paths between herding, financial self-efficacy and financial behavior are also significant.
Acknowledgement The authors express their sincere gratitude to Dr Suresha B (Associate Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India ) for encouraging and motivating them to accomplish this research task. The authors also extend their sincere thanks to Prof. Krishna T.A. (Assistant Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India) and Dr Sridevi Nair (Assistant Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India) for their support throughout this empirical investigation.
Role of human resource policies in ensuring women’s safety in the workplace
Authors: Khan Sania
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to assess how human resource (HR) management policies affect women’s workplace safety. In addition, this study analyzes the degree to which measures have been taken to ensure that working women have a safe environment. Responses from 208 women working in Saudi Arabia’s small and medium-sized private businesses were gathered. The paper employed a survey questionnaire using snowball sampling technique. Thus, critical HR practices that have an impact on workplace safety for women are highlighted. As women frequently face these difficulties, the findings suggested that HR policies should tailor working women’s needs in maternity, health, transportation, childcare, and a safe workplace. Moreover, support for divorced and widowed workers would significantly increase women’s safety at work. Compared to other HR policies, there is a stronger correlation between medical and maternity leave. This paper supports research on women’s safety and HR management in the Saudi context and has significant practical implications for practitioners.
Acknowledgments The author thanks all the respondents who participated and contributed by giving their valuable opinions and making this study possible.
Perfil de pacientes hospitalizados com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
Authors: Meincke Alessandra Glitzenhirn , De Camargo Diovana Moreno , Windmöller Pollyana , Dallazen Sartori Fernanda , Reis Fiorin Martel Magliani , Roseli Winkelmann Eliane
Published: December 2022

Introdução: A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC), mundialmente, configura uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade. Atualmente, é a quarta causa de óbitos no mundo, tendendo a ser a terceira causa de morte para 2020. Então, torna-se importante identificar o perfil destes pacientes para que se criem estratégias de intervenção e atenuação do quadro. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de pacientes internados com DPOC no ano de 2018 em um Hospital porte IV do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Um estudo transversal de pacientes internados entre janeiro e dezembro de 2018. A coleta dos dados foi realizada em agosto de 2019, com relatório informatizado específico fornecido pelo hospital, por meio do Código Internacional de Doenças – DPOC (CID 10 – J44), respeitando o sigilo das informações. Coletaram-se para análise: a idade, sexo, tempo de internação hospitalar e em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), mortalidade hospitalar, utilização de Ventilação Não Invasiva (VNI) e Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva (VMI), e sessões de fisioterapia. A apresentação dos dados teve como média ± desvio padrão. Resultados: Amostra contituída de 33 pacientes, média de idade de 70,48±11,03 anos, predominantemente sexo masculino, com 21 (64%) indivíduos. O tempo médio de internação na UTI e hospitalar foi de 0,91±2,55 e 9,76±15,33 dias, respectivamente. Cinco pacientes (15,2%) foram para VMI e 23 (69,7%) utilizaram a VNI. A média de sessões fisioterapêuticas foi de 29,45±26,40. A mortalidade geral foi de 8 pacientes (24,24%) predominando o sexo masculino, com 6 (28,6%). Conclusão: Os pacientes apresentaram idade avançada e predomínio do sexo masculino. A mortalidade é semelhante à descrita na literatura e a VNI prevaleceu na abordagem hospitalar.
Machine Learning Based Sampling of X-Ray Images for a Computer-Aided Detection of Tuberculosis
Authors: Ferreira Fernando Guimarães , Gaspar Philipp , Torres Rodrigo Coura , Costa Carlos Eduardo Covas , Müller Lukas , Araújo Micael Veríssimo , Seixas Jose , Bastos Mayara , Trajman Anete
Published: December 2022

Computer-Aided Detection software relies on annotated data set of X-rays to be developed. The annotation task is time-consuming and requires extensive know-how. This work presents a sampling method to select the most relevant images, which will be annotated for the development of a tuberculosis (TB) screening platform based on machine learning algorithms. The sampling task optimizes the annotation process by reducing the number of images to be analyzed without compromising the diversity and the significance power of the images in the dataset. We developed an algorithm to select images in a dataset to be annotated, based on similarity and dissimilarity measurements of images. Public TB image dataset was utilized to conduct this research. The experiment consisted of a deep learning feature engineering step, followed by topological analysis based on Self-Organizing Map and K-Means. The effectiveness of the process is evaluated at each of its stages: Classification, clustering and the final sampling algorithm which is based on similarity and dissimilarity features.
ETNOS SÖZCÜĞÜNÜN ZAMANDA YOLCULUĞUNA EKLENEN YENİ BİR DURAK: SOVYETLER BİRLİĞİ
Authors: AYDIN Onur
Published: December 2022

Etnos sözcüğü, okurların karşısına ilk olarak Antik Yunan metinlerinde çıkmıştır. O tarihten günümüze kadar süren yolculuğunda çeşitli anlam duraklarından geçmiştir. Ancak yürütülen bilimsel çalışmalara bakıldığında etnos kavramı için net ve açık bir anlamsal çerçeve çizilemediği göze çarpmaktadır. Bu sorunun çözümüne katkıda bulunmak amacıyla çalışmada etnos sözcüğü zaman bilimsel ve coğrafi düzlemde birlikte ele alınmıştır. İlk olarak, sözcüğün köken bilimsel analizi yapılmış, ardından XXI. yüzyıla kadar farklı coğrafyalarda geçirdiği tüm anlam değişimleri betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemleriyle saptanmıştır. Yapılan inceleme ışığında, önceleri devlet, grup, halk, kabile, klan, sınıf, ulus gibi sözcüklerle yakın anlamlarda kullanılan etnosun son yıllarda etnik köken, etnik yapı ve etnisite sözcükleriyle daha sık yan yana geldiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca sözcüğün, farklı coğrafyalardaki çeşitli ideolojik yaklaşımları yansıttığı göze çarpmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar sayesinde başta etnografi, coğrafya, etnoloji, antropoloji, arkeoloji ve tarih olmak üzere birçok alanda yararlanılmak üzere sözcüğün kavramsal bir çerçevesinin oluşturulmasına katkıda bulunulduğu düşünülmektedir.
HAKAN-I SABIK'TAN HAKAN-I MAĞFUR’A: II. ABDÜLHAMİD'İN ÖLÜMÜNÜN YERLİ VE YABANCI GAZETELERDEKİ YANSIMALARI
Authors: YAVUZ Fikrettin , İSKEFİYELİ Zeynep
Published: December 2022

Osmanlı Devleti’nin en uzun süre tahtta kalan padişahlarından biri olan II. Abdülhamid, yaklaşık otuz üç yıl devam eden saltanatının ardından 1909'da tahttan indirildi. Saltanatı boyunca önce 1870'lerin ortalarındaki Balkan Krizi'nde, sonra bilhassa 1890'lardaki Ermeni isyanlarında aldığı tedbirler nedeniyle Batı kamuoyunda olumsuz ithamlara ve yakıştırmalara maruz kaldı. Osmanlı Sultanı olarak sürekli ötekileştirilen II. Abdülhamid için hakaretlere varan "Kızıl Sultan/Red Sultan", "Büyük Cani-Katil/Great Assassin " ve "Mel'un Abdul/Abdul the Damned" gibi yakışıksız tabirler kullanıldı. Sultan Abdülhamid'in bu menfi imajını Batı kamuoyunda en fazla işleyen, gazeteler olmuştur. Benzer bir durum Jön Türk hareketinin mensuplarınca yayımlanan gazetelerde de dikkati çekmektedir. Sultan'ın muhalifleri olarak önce Osmanlı coğrafyasında daha sonra yurt dışında birçok yerde çıkarılan gazete ve dergilerde Osmanlı Sultanı'na karşı menfi yayınlar yapılmış ve Abdülhamid imajının olumsuz yönde gelişmesine neden olunmuştur. Tahttan indirildikten sonra Osmanlı gazetelerinde "hakan-ı sabık" yabancı gazetelerde ise eski sultan anlamlarına gelen "ex-sultan" ifadesi kullanılan II. Abdülhamid önce Selanik'te daha sonra ise Beylerbeyi Sarayı'nda toplamda dokuz yıl sürgün hayatı yaşadı. Şubat 1918'deki vefatı sonrasında Osmanlı gazetelerinde "hakan-ı mağfur, yabancı gazetelerde ise "death sultan" şeklinde gazete sütunlarına haber oldu.
Bu çalışmada II. Abdülhamid'in ölümünün yerli ve yabancı basındaki yansımalarının irdelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Ati, İkdam, Sabah, Tanin, Tasvir-i Efkar, Tercüman-ı Hakikat, Servet-i Fünun ve Vakit gibi Osmanlı gazeteleri ile İngiliz, Fransız ve Amerikan basınının önde gelen gazeteleri çalışmanın kaynaklarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede yerli ve yabancı gazetelerde ilk olarak II. Abdülhamid'in ölümü ve cenaze merasiminin nasıl tasvir edildiğinin betimlenmesi, ikinci olarak Sultan hakkındaki görüşlerinde menfi/müspet herhangi bir değişme olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Böylece yerli ve yabancı basının tahttan indirildikten dokuz yıl sonra Abdülhamid'e yaklaşımı da mukayese edilmiş olacaktır
EMÎR TİMUR KÜREGEN’İN TORUNU EBU’L-KÂSIM BÂBÜR KALENDER MÎRZÂ’NIN ŞİİRLERİNDE TASAVVUFÎ SÖYLEM
Authors: ÜNAL Sonay
Published: December 2022

Moğol İmparatorluğu’nun siyasî teşekkülünün ardıllarından Çağatay Hanlığı’nın nüfuzunu kaybettiği bir zamanda Emîr Timur Küregen b. Emîr Tarâgây tarafından kurulan ve onun ahfadı tarafından yönetilen Timurlular, Mâverâünnehr ve Horasan merkez olmak üzere geniş bir alanda hüküm sürmüşlerdir. Adını kurucusu Timur’dan alan bu devletin hükümdarları ve yöneticileri tarıma, ticarete, ilime, bilime, sanata, âlimlere, sanat ehline, mimarî çevre ve imar faaliyetlerine, İslâm dini ve din adamlarına, manevî bir hayat olan tasavvufa ilgi ve alaka göstermişlerdir. Türkler, Türkleşip Müslüman olmuş Moğollar, İranlılar, Araplar, Ermeniler gibi milletlerin dâhil olmasıyla meydana gelen Timurluların himayesinde bilim, kültür, sanat, fikir hayatının muhteşem bir inkişafı söz konusudur. Takribî yüz elli yıl kadar hâkimiyetini çok geniş bir alana ulaştıran Timur başta olmak üzere onun takipçileri Timurîler devrinde birçok hükümran devlet işlerinin yanı sıra bilimsel, sanatsal ve kültürel faaliyetleri destekleyip kalem ehli ile yakından alakadar olmuşlardır. Birçok kalem ehline hamilik yapmış Timur’un torunu, Gıyâseddîn Mîrzâ Bâysungur’un oğlu Ebu’l-Kâsım Bâbür Kalender Mîrzâ da her türlü sanatla uğraşan ilim sahibi insanları himaye etmiş ve meclisinde bulundurmuştur. İlmî ve edebî yönü oldukça yüksek bir devlet adamıdır. Tasavvuf içerikli Farsça şiirleri de vardır. Sanatsal ve kültürel faaliyetleri ile adından söz ettiren babası Mîrzâ Bâysungur döneminde doruğa ulaşan tasavvufî düşüncenin tesirinde kaldığı kaleme aldığı şiirlerinden anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada tasavvufun gelişim sürecine yer verilerek Timur soyundan olan Ebu’l-Kâsım Bâbür Kalender Mîrzâ’nın şiirleri aracılığıyla tasavvufa ilgisi ve şiirlerinde tasavvufî söylem hususu araştırmacıların dikkatine sunulacaktır
FİNANS VE EMPERYALİZM: OSMANLI COĞRAFYASINDA ALMAN BANKALARI (1897-1914)
Authors: ÇITIR Burak
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada, Birinci Dünya Savaşı öncesi dönemin modern finans kurumlarından Alman bankalarının Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndaki varlıkları incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilk olarak, Osmanlı-Alman tarihsel ilişkilerine ve bu ilişkiler içerisindeki iktisadi yakınlaşmaya bakıldıktan sonra Alman bankalarının Osmanlı’da kuruluş süreçleri kronolojik olarak ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra da Almanların Drang nach Osten politikaları uyarınca bankaların nerede, ne zaman ve ne amaçla kuruldukları ve bu bankaların hangi süreçlerden geçerek Osmanlı’daki faaliyetlerine son verdikleri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma arşiv belgeleri, bankalara ait yıllıklar ve basın malzemesine dayanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Çalışma boyunca uygulanan yöntem, kullanılan kaynaklar ve elde edilen tarihsel veriler sayesinde Alman bankalarına ilişkin literatürde dağınık halde bulunan ve bütünsellikten uzak duran bilgiler düzenli hale getirilirken, Alman finans sektörünün varlığının bugüne kadar üzerinde durulmayan bir konusu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
TYPOLOGICAL COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE CATEGORY IN THE MEDIEVAL AZERBAIJANI LITERARY LANGUAGE (XV CENTURY)
Authors: PASHAYEVA Aynur
Published: December 2022

In terms of expressing the concept of quantity in language, modern Turkic languages are on a par with other developed languages of the world and do not stay behind other languages in terms of the diversity of the concept of quantity (lexical, morphological, and syntactic method). Turkic languages do not recognize boundless and unlimited plurals, duality, trinity, quartet do not show special morphological forms in the language, either representative or distributive plural morphemes are used, the "singular-plural" correlation is characteristic of all Turkic languages. All these features of the quantitative category indicate the level of development of the quantitative category in the Azerbaijani and Turkic languages. In this study, the facts concerning old and midddle Turkic written monuments and modern Turkic languages are compared with the materials of medieval Azerbaijani literary language. The material of other language families was also touched upon to determine the accuracy of the obtained results, as well as to substantiate the scientific opinions put forward. Apart from minor differences, the stages of development of the quantity concept in all languages of the world, and in human cognition, are consistent.
MİTİK, FOLKLORİK VE DOĞAL BİR UNSUR OLARAK KURŞUNUN KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI
Authors: ŞAHİN Kürşat Şamil
Published: December 2022

Mitik dönemlerden itibaren yerleşik hâle gelen bazı kültürel unsurlar, farklı bir dil ve biçimle klasik Türk şiirinde yerini bulmuştur. Klasik Türk şiirinin genelde bütün mitler, özelde Türk mitolojisinin taşıyıcısı olduğunu gösteren ayrıntılardan biri de ilkçağlardan itibaren keşfedilen, işlenen bir maden olarak insanlığın gelişim sürecinde rol alan kurşundur. Kurşun, arkaik dönemlerden beri taşıdığı doğal özellikler ve insanın onu kullanma, anlamlandırma biçimleriyle önce pratikte önemli hale gelen sonra dil ve sanatta bahsedilen doğal varlıklardandır. Kurşuna dair mitolojilerde yer alan inanç, söylence ve ritüeller klasik Türk şiirinde de yansımasını bulmuştur. Kurşunun kulağı sağır etmesi, kötü varlıklarla mücadelede yüklendiği rol ve bir cezalandırma aracı olarak geçmişten günümüze uzanan serüvenine ait ipuçlarını klasik şairlerin divanlarında görmek mümkündür. Çalışmada; kurşun ve ona dair uygulamaların mitolojideki yeri ve bunun klasik Türk şiirindeki yansımaları üzerinde durulmuş; klasik Türk şiirinde beyitlere yansıyan “kurşun dökmek, kulağa kurşun akıtmak, şeytan kulağına kurşun, boğazından kurşun akıtmak” ibareleri etrafında oluşturulan hayal dünyasının eski inançlar ve mitolojiyle bağlantısı ele alınmıştır.
KADI BURHANEDDİN’İ ANLAMAK: DİVANINDAKİ BAZI TABİRLERİN ÇÖZÜMLENMESİ
Authors: KAVAKLIYAZI Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Kadı Burhaneddin (1345-1398), XIV. yüzyıl Türk edebiyatının Anadolu sahasındaki önemli temsilcilerinden biridir. Küçük yaştan itibaren iyi bir eğitim almış, kadılık ve vezirlik gibi önemli devlet görevlerinde bulunmuş ve nihayetinde kendi hükümdarlığını ilan etmiştir. Mücadeleler içerisinde bir ömür geçiren Kadı Burhaneddin’in Türk dili ve edebiyatı için asıl önemi ise gazel, rubai ve tuyuğlardan oluşan Dîvân’ından ileri gelmektedir. Şairin âşıkâne bir tarzda yazılmış olan şiirleri, XIV. yüzyılda henüz kuruluş aşamasında bulunan Divan şiiri için önem arz etmektedir. Çünkü bu şiirlerde çok belirgin bir şekilde kendini gösteren lirizm, Kadı Burhaneddin’in Divan şiirinin önde gelen isimleri arasında anılmasına; hatta bu şiirin kurucularından sayılmasına vesile olmuştur. Bununla birlikte onun şiirleri; dili, tek nüsha olan Dîvân’ının imlası, barındırdığı ince hayaller ve maddi kültür ögeleri gibi birtakım etkenler dolayısıyla ilk bakışta kolayca anlaşılamazmış gibi görünür. Bunda onun âlim kişiliğinin etkili olduğu da söylenilebilir. Bu çalışmada ilk önce, şairin Dîvân’ında geçen tabirleri konu edinen çalışmalardan kısaca bahsedilmiş; sonra tespit edilen otuz yedi tabirden on dokuzunun manası çeşitli kaynaklardan yararlanılarak verilmiştir. Geriye kalan ve çalışmanın esasını oluşturan on sekiz tabir ise anlamca daha geniş biçimde çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmayla, tabirlerin çözümlenmesinin bir divanın anlaşılmasındaki rolüne dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.
HADÂ’İKU’L-HAKÂ’İK FÎ TEKMİLETİ’Ş-ŞAKÂ’İK’TA TELMİH VE TEŞBİH UNSURU OLARAK ŞAHISLAR
Authors: KAYALIK ŞAHİN Duygu
Published: December 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatını besleyen kaynaklardan biri şahıslardır. Müellifler, bilhassa kişi tasvirlerinde, kişiyi methetmek, eleştirmek ya da kişinin ferdî özelliklerini daha iyi ve daha etkileyici ifade edebilmek gibi çeşitli amaçlarla şahıslara yer vermişlerdir. Mitolojik, efsanevî, kültürel ve dinî şahısların öne çıkan hasletleri, genellikle eser kahramanlarınınkiyle kıyaslanmış; hatta çoğu zaman, memduhun daha üstün olduğuna vurgu yapılmıştır. Telmih ve teşbih unsuru olarak zikredilen bu şahıslar, zamanla edebiyatın içerisinde motifleşmiş; her bir şahıs, sahip oldukları vasfın timsali olmuştur. Türk edebiyatında manzum ve mensur çok sayıda eser kaleme alan Atâyî, Hadâ’iku’l-Hakâ’ik fî Tekmileti’ş-Şakâ’ik isimli biyografik eserindeki kişi tasvirlerinde, sahip oldukları özellikler ile dünyaya nam salan Türk, Arap ve Fars başta olmak üzere farklı uyruktaki kişileri çeşitli bağlamlarda zikretmiştir. Atâyî’nin, tarihî, mitolojik, dinî, efsanevî ve edebî kimlikleriyle öne çıkan şahısları hangi bağlamda kullandığını ortaya koymayı hedeflediğimiz bu çalışmada öncelikle, Atâyî’nin telmih ve teşbih unsuru olarak kullandığı 99 isim tespit edilmiştir. Bu isimler, “Peygamberler”, “Dinî-Tasavvufî Şahsiyetler”, “Tarihî Şahsiyetler”, “Mitolojik ve Efsanevî Şahsiyetler”, “Masal ve Hikâye Kahramanları”, “Diğer Şahıslar” ve “Hakkında Bilgi Bulunamayanlar” olmak üzere 7 ana başlık hâlinde tasnif edilerek incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, telmih ve teşbih unsuru olarak yer verilen şahısların öne çıkan hususiyetlerinin, Hadâ’iku’l-Hakâ’ik fî Tekmileti’ş-Şakâ’ik’a kattığı mana zenginliği de belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
AFGANİSTAN ÖZBEK EDEBİYATINDA ÖNEMLİ BİR ŞAİR: M. ÂLİM KÛHKEN
Authors: NAR Oktay , SAİFİ Noorullah
Published: December 2022

Afganistan çeşitli Türk boylarını bünyesinde barındıran bir coğrafyadır. Bu coğrafyada yaşayan halklar arasında Türkmen, Özbek, Kırgız, Kazak gibi Türk boyları bulunmaktadır ve bölgede yaşayan insanlar dil, kültür, edebiyat açısından önemli edebî eserler vermektedir. Afganistan Özbek edebiyatında aruz vezniyle şiir yazmakta olan şairlerimizden biri Muhammed Âlim Kûhken’dir. M. Âlim Kûhken diğer muasır Özbek şairleri gibi Özbek ve Fars dilinde şiir yazan Kuzey Afganistan, diğer bir tabirle, Güney Türkistan‘da yaşayan Özbek halkının tanınmış usta şairlerden biridir. Yıllarca gazetecilikle uğraşan M. Âlim Kûhken’in birkaç eseri ülkenin farklı yayınevlerinde basılmıştır. Çalışmamızda Türkiye’de pek bilinmeyen Kûhken’in hayatını ve eserlerini tanıtmaya, şiirlerinden örnekler vermeye çalışılmıştır.
Effect of Yeast Biosorbents on Wine Quality
Authors: Ageyeva Natalia , Tikhonova Anastasia , Burtsev Boris , Khrapov Anton
Published: December 2022

Foreign food industries know a variety of products derived from wine yeast cells. These products are used to improve the sensory properties of wine. This article describes the effect of a new yeast biosorbent on the sensory and physicochemical properties of white and red wine, e.g., their sorption capacity for heavy metals.

The research featured red and white wines treated with the novel biosorbent. Glutarom (France) served as control. The study relied on various physicochemical, organoleptic, biochemical, and microbiological methods.

The biosorbent affected neither the volume fraction of ethyl alcohol nor the mass concentration of sugars and titrated acids. However, the biosorbent reduced the mass concentration of volatile acids in terms of acetic acid: it decreased by 20% in the white wines and by 50% in the red wine samples. The mass concentration of the reduced extract decreased by 0.2–0.7 g/dm3 as the amount of sorbent increased. In the white wine samples, the protein concentration decreased by 1.5–1.8 times, while the concentration of polysaccharides decreased by 110–115 mg/dm3. The content of phenolic compounds decreased by 13–37%, depending on the amount of the sorbent, due to their condensed forms. The biosorbent reduced the value of the redox potential. The yeast sorbents effectively adsorbed metal cations, including those of heavy metals. A set of experiments also revealed the difference in sorption time for different metal cations. The effectiveness of the biosorbent was dose-dependent. The wines treated with the biosorbent had better sensory assessment results, especially the red wine samples. They had a soft, round, and harmonious flavor and a bright aroma with pronounced varietal tones.

The novel biosorbent proved to have a good sorption capacity for phenolic compounds, as well as cations of toxic metals. It improved the sensory profile of the red and white wines. This biosorbent can substitute their imported analogs in the Russian wine industry.
Acidification in Distillation Technology
Authors: Krikunova Ludmila , Dubinina Elena , Peschanskaya Violetta , Obodeeva Olga
Published: December 2022

The quality of distillates depends on the biochemical composition of the raw material, the operating parameters of the wort production and fermentation, and the methods and modes of distillation. The active acidity of the medium (pH) can affect wort fermentation and distillation processes. The research objective was to study the effect of the active acidity of bakery waste wort on fermentation and distillation processes.

The study featured fermented wort samples from wheat bread, a mix of wheat and rye-wheat bread, and distillate fractions obtained by a single fractionated distillation of fermented wort. The distillation occurred in laboratory conditions in a direct distillation unit (Kothe Destillationstechnik, Germany) with a 10 dm3 cube. The effect of the acidification degree of saccharified wort on the fermentation efficiency was determined by the strength of the fermented wort. The composition of volatile components in the distillates was defined by gas chromatography in a Thermo Trace GC Ultra chromatograph (Thermo, USA).

When the pH of saccharified wort fell from 5.5 to 4.5–3.5, the synthesis of higher alcohols and ethers of higher fatty acids decreased during fermentation, while the acetone mass concentration increased. The acidification of fermented wort to pH = 3.5–3.0 at the distillation stage had a positive effect on the distillates from recyclable baking waste. This technique increased the yield of the middle fraction (distillate) by reducing the loss of absolute alcohol with the head and tail fractions. The concentration of acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate in the middle fraction decreased by 1.5 times while the content of enanthic ether components increased by more than 75%. As a result, the sensory profile increased by 0.4–0.5 points. The distillates from the mix of wheat and rye-wheat bread were superior to distillates from wheat bread. The statistical analysis provided the following criteria for a qualitative assessment of the distillates from recyclable baking waste: the mass concentration of acetaldehyde and the ratio of alcohols C5 to the sum of alcohols C3 and C4.

Pre-fermentation oxidation of saccharified wort proved impractical for bakery waste recycling, whereas acidification of fermented wort before distillation increased the distillate yield and improved its sensory profile.
Sustainable Raw Material Base as a Factor of Competitiveness of Cheese-Making Enterprises
Authors: Panasenko Svetlana , Suray Natalya , Tatochenko Alexander , Rodinova Nadezhda , Ostrouhov Vladimir
Published: December 2022

Russian cheese producers strive to increase their production. A sustainable best-experience raw material base can solve this problem. The authors analyzed the raw material supply in the leading cheese-producing countries in order to develop a system of new targets for Russian cheesemakers.

The study featured the performance indicators of the world's leading cheese producers in terms of raw material supply. It relied on scientific, regulatory, and legislative documents. The study also included databases (2017–2022) published by the Federal State Statistics Service, the dairy economic consulting firm CLAL, and the Atlas Big site of international and regional data statistics. The data were processed by statistical methods, e.g., generalization, systematization, distribution, etc., and econometrics, e.g., correlation, regression analysis, etc. The authors calculated the statistical characteristics of raw material supply indicators, assessed the interfactorial relationships, and obtained regression equations to describe these relationships in quantitative terms.

The calculations involved the volumes of total and per capita cheese production in various regions of the world. The group of leaders included twenty countries with an average production per capita of 26.5 kg. The key indicators of raw material supply included milk production per capita, livestock, structure, and milk cattle productivity. The research revealed some raw material problems in the domestic cheese industry. For instance, domestic milk production per capita (206.3 kg) is below the average for the leading countries (489.4 kg). This issue is associated with the low milk cattle productivity, which is 4492 kg in the Russian Federation and 7061 kg in the leading cheese-producing countries. The regression equations used determination coefficients of ≥ 0.8 to calculate the main parameters of the domestic cheese-making base that would meet dairy food security criteria. A milk production of 388 kg per capita proved to be the minimal amount that would guarantee food security in the domestic cheese sector. However, the existing number of cows (7.9 million) means that the milk productivity cannot fall below 7146 kg. The required value can be obtained by improving diets and selection.

The analytical methods developed in this research provided highly reliable results. These results can solve the problems of providing Russian cheesemakers with a sustainable raw material base, as well as set new targets for agro-industrial dairy enterprises.
Functional Food Market Analysis: Russian and International Aspects
Authors: Moliboga Elena , Sukhostav Elizaveta , Kozlova Oksana , Zinich Alla
Published: December 2022

The modern food market is undergoing a period of rapid development following the changes in marketing technologies and consumer behavior patterns. Nowadays, people pay more attention to the quality and composition of food products, as well as their functional properties. The present article reviews the international and Russian market of functional foods in order to define the consumer demand for new specialized products.

The methods included data comparison, grouping, and systematization. The analysis involved Russian and foreign papers published in 2018–2022 and registered in Scopus, eLibrary, Cyberleninka, and the Library of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. It also covered the National Demography Project, the Healthy Nutrition Project, and the Strategy for Improving the Quality of Food Products through 2030.

Consumers’ growing interest in improving their health and immune system proved to be the key factor in the functional food market. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified such trends as the priority of healthy, high-protein, and low-sugar foods. Japan and the USA are the current leaders on this market. Russia supports healthy food policy at the state level.

The functional food market is likely to become the most promising and competitive sector of global food economy. Consumer demand for these products is steadily growing: the volume of demand for functional food products will reach 17 trillion rubles by 2027. However, Russian food science needs more research in this area to catalyze import substitution. The Omsk Agrarian University has numerous projects that are meant to increase the competitiveness of the domestic functional food industry.
Confectionery Standards in the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Demchenko Elena
Published: December 2022

A barrier-free trade in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) market is impossible without a unified approach to standardization. The research objective was to analyze and develop proposals that would make it possible to unify the standards of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EAEC) on the content of sulfur dioxide and sulfites in confectionery products.

The study featured technical regulations and standards for confectionery products, methods for determining sulfur dioxide, and EAEU resources on the results of control oversight activities. The methods included comparison, analogy, analysis, synthesis, peer review, integrated standardization, and system analysis.

The analysis involved the official websites of the authorized bodies of the EAEU states on control and supervisory measures for compliance with technical regulations. It revealed the main reasons behind the limited confectionery turnover associated with excessive sulfur dioxide and sulfites. The standards showed discrepancies with Technical Regulations of Customs Union TR CU 022/2011 and TR CU 029/2012. The content standards for sulfur dioxide and sulfites in finished products were different. The analysis detected no unified approach to indicators, measurement units, and detection methods. The authors also assessed the advantages and disadvantages of the existing domestic State Standards for methods of sulfur dioxide and sulfite detection in confectionery products. The state standards have to be adapted to the international standards and EU Directives, in particular, by certifying the Monier-Williams method.

The results can help to unify national and international regulations in order to remove technical barriers in the EAEU market and increase the export volume. They also can help confectionery producers to improve the quality and safety of confectionery products.