bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stellar Cruise Control: Weakened Magnetic Braking Leads to Sustained Rapid Rotation of Old Stars
Authors: Saunders Nicholas , van Saders Jennifer L. , Lyttle Alexander J. , Metcalfe Travis S. , Li Tanda , Davies Guy R. , Hall Oliver J. , Ball Warrick H. , Townsend Richard , Creevey Orlagh , Dodds Curt
Published: February 2024

Despite a growing sample of precisely measured stellar rotation periods and ages, the strength of magnetic braking and the degree of departure from standard (Skumanich-like) spin-down have remained persistent questions, particularly for stars more evolved than the Sun. Rotation periods can be measured for stars older than the Sun by leveraging asteroseismology, enabling models to be tested against a larger sample of old field stars. Because asteroseismic measurements of rotation do not depend on starspot modulation, they avoid potential biases introduced by the need for a stellar dynamo to drive starspot production. Using a neural network trained on a grid of stellar evolution models and a hierarchical model-fitting approach, we constrain the onset of weakened magnetic braking (WMB). We find that a sample of stars with asteroseismically measured rotation periods and ages is consistent with models that depart from standard spin-down prior to reaching the evolutionary stage of the Sun. We test our approach using neural networks trained on model grids produced by separate stellar evolution codes with differing physical assumptions and find that the choices of grid physics can influence the inferred properties of the braking law. We identify the normalized critical Rossby number Rocrit/Ro⊙ = 0.91 ± 0.03 as the threshold for the departure from standard rotational evolution. This suggests that WMB poses challenges to gyrochronology for roughly half of the main-sequence lifetime of Sun-like stars.
Redeveloping a CLEAN Deconvolution Algorithm for Scatter-broadened Radio Pulsar Signals
Authors: Young Olivia , Lam Michael T.
Published: February 2024

Broadband radio waves emitted from pulsars are distorted and delayed as they propagate toward the Earth due to interactions with the free electrons that compose the interstellar medium (ISM), with lower radio frequencies being more impacted than higher frequencies. Multipath propagation in the ISM results in both later times of arrival for the lower frequencies and causes the observed pulse to arrive with a broadened tail described via the pulse broadening function. We employ the CLEAN deconvolution technique to recover the pulse broadening timescale and by proxy the intrinsic pulse shape. This work expands upon previous descriptions of CLEAN deconvolution used in pulse broadening analyses by parameterizing the efficacy on simulated data and developing a suite of tests to establish which of a set of figures of merit leads to an automatic and consistent determination of the scattering timescale and its uncertainty. We compare our algorithm to the cyclic spectroscopy method of estimating the scattering timescale, specifically to the simulations performed in Dolch et al. (2021). We test our improved algorithm on the highly scattered millisecond pulsar J1903+0327, showing the scattering timescale to change over years, consistent with estimates of the refractive timescale of the pulsar.
K-shell X-Ray Emission from Lithium-like Nitrogen N v
Authors: Lepson J. K. , Beiersdorfer P. , Gu M. F. , Hell N. , Brown G. V.
Published: February 2024

We present laboratory measurements of n = 3 → n = 1 N v X-ray emission lines situated near 26 Å. The lines are excited by electron-impact collisions and are shown to reach a combined intensity of about a fifth of the combined strong N v 1s2s2p
2
P
1/2,3/2 → 1s
22s
2
S
1/2 resonance lines, commonly labeled q and r, at 29.4 Å. In addition, we present new experimental data for the wavelength of the blended q and r lines at 29.4 Å, as well as for that of the blended inner-shell-excited N v lines u and v at 30.0 Å. All of these collisional N v lines need to be included in astrophysical emission models in order to properly account for flux from N v in the soft X-ray region. The measured wavelengths provide benchmarks for testing atomic structure calculations and excellent agreement is found with our calculations using the many-body perturbation theory method. We provide a complete listing of the N v energy levels with valence electrons in the n = 2, 3, and 4 shells calculated with this approach. The experimental and theoretical data, thus, provide accurate rest-frame wavelengths needed for velocity determinations based on high-resolution absorption features in spectra of warm absorbers in active galactic nuclei and other astrophysical objects.
Revisiting the Solar Wind Deceleration Upstream of the Martian Bow Shock Based on MAVEN Observations
Authors: Liu Yuqi , Liu Kaijun , Lu Ducheng , Huang Hui , Zhou Jingyi , Cheng Kun , Zheng Xianming , Wang Yan , Wang Mengmeng
Published: February 2024

The solar wind deceleration upstream of the Martian bow shock is examined using particle and magnetic field measurements obtained by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN). Mars lacks a strong intrinsic magnetic field so its upper atmosphere extends beyond the Martian bow shock and interacts directly with the solar wind. Neutral atoms in the Martian upper atmosphere can be ionized through several physical processes and then start to move with the solar wind flow to form pickup ions. In return, the solar wind is expected to slow down due to the momentum transfer to the pickup ions. The present study surveys the MAVEN solar wind measurements between 2015 and 2019 to evaluate the solar wind deceleration upstream of the Martian bow shock. Different from previous studies of solar wind deceleration, our analysis carefully excludes the solar wind deceleration in the shock foot region. The average solar wind deceleration obtained is about 0.7% of the initial solar wind speed, much smaller than the values given by previous studies. Further calculation using several reasonable Martian upper atmosphere density profiles demonstrates that the deceleration observed is consistent with the pickup ion mass-loading scenario.
A Fast Second-order Solver for Stiff Multifluid Dust and Gas Hydrodynamics
Authors: Krapp Leonardo , Garrido-Deutelmoser Juan , Benítez-Llambay Pablo , Kratter Kaitlin M.
Published: February 2024

We present MDIRK: a multifluid second-order diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta method to study momentum transfer between gas and an arbitrary number (N) of dust species. The method integrates the equations of hydrodynamics with an implicit–explicit scheme and solves the stiff source term in the momentum equation with a diagonally implicit, asymptotically stable Runge–Kutta method (DIRK). In particular, DIRK admits a simple analytical solution that can be evaluated with

O
(
N
)

operations, instead of standard matrix inversion, which is

O

(
N
)

3

. Therefore, the analytical solution significantly reduces the computational cost of the multifluid method, making it suitable for studying the dynamics of systems with particle-size distributions. We demonstrate that the method conserves momentum to machine precision and converges to the correct equilibrium solution with constant external acceleration. To validate our numerical method we present a series of simple hydrodynamic tests, including damping of sound waves, dusty shocks, a multifluid dusty Jeans instability, and a steady-state gas–dust drift calculation. The simplicity of MDIRK lays the groundwork to build fast high-order, asymptotically stable multifluid methods.
The Progenitor and Central Engine of a Peculiar GRB 230307A
Authors: Du ZhaoWei , Lü HouJun , Yuan Yong , Yang Xing , Liang EnWei
Published: February 2024

Recently, a lack of supernova-associated with long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB 230307A) at such a low redshift z = 0.065, but associated with a possible kilonova emission, has attracted great attention. Its heavy element nucleosynthesis and the characteristic of soft X-ray emission suggest that the central engine of GRB 230307A is a magnetar that is originated from a binary compact star merger. The calculated lower value of ε ∼ 0.05 suggests that GRB 230307A seems to have an ambiguous progenitor. The lower value of f
eff = 1.23 implies that GRB 230307A is not likely to be from the effect of “tip of iceberg.” We adopt the magnetar central engine model to fit the observed soft X-ray emission with varying efficiency and find that the parameter constraints of the magnetar falls into a reasonable range, i.e., B < 9.4 × 1015 G and P < 2.5 ms for Γsat = 103, and B < 3.6 × 1015 G and P < 1.05 ms for Γsat = 104. Whether the progenitor of GBR 230307A is from the mergers of neutron star–white dwarf (NS–WD) or neutron star–neutron star (NS–NS) remains unknown. The difference of GW radiation between NS–NS merger and NS–WD merger may be a probe to distinguish the progenitor of GRB 230307A-like events in the future.
A detailed assessment of the land cover development in a territory with dispersed settlement area (case study Hriňová – Snohy, Slovakia)
Authors: Švoňavová Katarína , Falťan Vladimír , Piscová Veronika , Šagát Vladimír , Petrovič František
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the development of the landscape during a period of significant social changes in Central Europe from the middle of the 20th century, and evaluates the impact of the selected natural factors on landscape dynamics in the Snohy dispersed settlement area (cadaster of Hriňová, Slovakia). During the periods of feudalism and the democratic Czechoslovak Republic after 1918, private ownership of land prevailed on the territory of Slovakia. After 1948, in the period of the socialist establishment, the municipality was one of the few localities without collectivisation. We focused on the state and changes to the landscape structure based on remote sensing data analysis (1949, 2003, and 2018), as well as field research and archive photographs inspection. The study area is a part of the proposed Special Area of Conservation SKUEV4026 Meadows of Poľana and is situated near the border between the transition and buffer zones of the Poľana Biosphere Reserve. The state of land cover and its changes have been evaluated using a CORINE Land Cover modification at the 5th level. Results showed that the influence of the slope on agricultural extensification, deforestation, and afforestation, was the most pronounced. Since 1949, more than half of the land cover has changed across the study area. The most extensive changes were recorded in the spatial structure and composition of forest communities.
Arylnaphthalene lignans with a focus Linum species: a review on phytochemical, biotechnological and pharmacological potential
Authors: Nedelcheva Rada , Zarev Yancho , Mihaylova Rositsa , Kozuharova Ekaterina , Momekov Georgi , Ionkova Iliana
Published: February 2024

Lignans are a large group of dimeric phenylpropanoids with a long and distinguished history of medicinal use in the ancient cultures of many peoples. The two main groups, -aryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans, are leading compounds with important pharmacological properties and a wide range of biological activities. While the first group is well studied mainly for the production of podophyllotoxin, for arylnaphthalene lignans, the data on the availability of a sustainable resource for their production is are still insufficient. The Linum genus, comprising approximately 180 species, is notable for its arylnaphthalene lignans production like justicidin B and isojusticidin B. The pharmacological potential of arylnaphthalene lignans includes cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects. The review highlights the use of biotechnology by in vitro cultures for optimising lignan production. Structural elucidation of novel lignans underscores the ongoing diversity and potential discoveries in this botanical domain, providing an important additional information of arylnaphthalene lignans.
A revised, annotated checklist of Mexican non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae)
Authors: Bello-González Orestes C. , Andersen Trond , Mercado-Silva Norman
Published: February 2024

An updated checklist of Mexican non-biting midges (Chironomidae) is presented. A total of 110 species of Chironomidae are known for Mexico: 52 species in 25 genera belong to the subfamily Chironominae, 30 species in 13 genera to Orthocladiinae, 21 species in nine genera to Tanypodinae, five species in two genera to Telmatogetoninae, and two species in one genus to Diamesinae. In addition, 41 genera without identified species are listed. The highest number of species (29) is recorded from the state of Campeche, while 19 species have been found in Veracruz and 15 in Nuevo León. Few or no records exist for states in Central and Northern Mexico, or those on the Pacific coast. The type localities for 34 species are in Mexico; of these, 27 species (25% of the total number of species recorded in the country) are endemic. Twenty-nine species recorded in Mexico have a Neotropical distribution, 15 a Nearctic distribution, and 39 species are distributed in both the Neotropical and Nearctic regions or more widely. It has been suggested that as many as 1000 species might occur in Mexico; so only a little more than 10% of the expected diversity has so far been recorded.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Malas Ziad , Tahri Najoua , Fournier Christophe
Published: February 2024

Suivant une trame historique ce chapitre montre comment les évolutions sociétales ont conduit à l’émergence des principaux concepts actuels déclinant la «  sustainability  » des entreprises. Pour chaque concept, nous montrons les liens avec le contexte historique, les concepts qui l’ont précédé et donnons des exemples d’enjeux contemporains.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Fournier Christophe , Laroussi Mona
Published: February 2024

L’ONU a édicté « 17 Objectifs de Développement Durable – ODD – pour sauver le monde » en vue de parvenir à un avenir meilleur et un monde plus durable pour tous. Parmi ces ODD, trois d’entre eux sont tout particulièrement centrés sur l’éducation, l’ODD n°4 (assurer l’accès de tous à une éducation de qualité), le 5 (parvenir à l’égalité des sexes et autonomiser toutes les femmes et les filles) et enfin le 8 (croissance économique et travail décent pour tous). Le déséquilibre entre l’offre et la demande d’éducation est si important aujourd’hui qu’il est indispensable d’offrir des formations hybrides voire totalement en ligne à condition d’avoir du contenu à diffuser. Les Ressources Éducatives Libres (REL) constituent alors une solution parmi tant d’autres pour résorber ce déficit comme le suggère l’Unesco au travers de cinq recommandations. Nous proposons dans ce chapitre la mise en œuvre de 10 actions opérationnelles et concrètes pour stimuler le développement des REL et ainsi répondre à l’appel de l’Unesco.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Ben Helal Mohamed
Published: February 2024

L’objectif de ce travail consiste à étudier le rôle clé joué par les compagnies aériennes sur le plan environnemental, à travers leur politique RSE. Après avoir présenté dans une première section, la durabilité et la soutenabilité environnementale au sein du secteur aérien, nous précisons notre cadre conceptuel d’analyse : la «  Resource Dependency Theory  ». Puis, nous effectuons une étude quantitative auprès de 362 participants, suivie d’une étude qualitative, avec huit entretiens semi-directifs auprès de cadres opérationnels du groupe Air France-KLM, Le chapitre débouche sur différentes recommandations managériales pour cette compagnie aérienne.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Al Arkoubi Khadija , Tahari Fadoua
Published: February 2024

Le développement durable a toujours été au centre des priorités mondiales. En 2015, l’Assemblée Générale des Nations unies a adopté «  Transformer notre monde : le Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030  » en engageant ses membres dans le défi collectif d’atteindre 17 Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD). Ces ODD universels et interdépendants visent à assurer la croissance mondiale dans cinq domaines vitaux, les « 5P » : Personnes, Planète, Prospérité, Paix et Partenariats. Cet agenda intégré et ambitieux qui s’attaque aux grands défis auxquels l’humanité est confrontée a été mis en péril dans nombreux pays par la Covid-19. Cette pandémie a révélé des disparités stupéfiantes et a compromis le bien-être des populations à l’échelle internationale. Ce chapitre analyse comment le Maroc a fait face aux défis sociaux, économiques et environnementaux. D’abord, nous mettons en lumière les efforts du Maroc en matière de développement durable. Nous discutons ensuite sa mise en œuvre des ODD ainsi que les résultats obtenus. Finalement, nous soulignons les obstacles rencontrés dans ce processus et nous proposons quelques recommandations pour accélérer les progrès du pays.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Sy Ndéye Aïssatou
Published: February 2024

La sustainability est à géométrie variable selon les pays et secteurs d’activités notamment dans le cadre de l’extraction des hydrocarbures (pétrole, gaz et produits associés). La problématique est plus ou moins plus marquée selon le niveau de développement de chaque pays. Les pays du sud moins développés, moins pollueurs réclament de plus en plus une utilisation maximale de leurs ressources pour se développer et financer leur économie dans la mesure où les énergies renouvelables à faible pouvoir calorifique ne peuvent fournir les capacités requises pour mettre en place une véritable industrie lourde auto-suffisante.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Bigi Maëlezig , Méda Dominique
Published: February 2024

C’est sans doute l’une des expressions les plus médiatiques de ces derniers mois : le rapport au travail aurait changé. Les Français ne voudraient plus travailler. La « grande démission » (en référence au Big Quit , terme désignant aux États-Unis les démissions en masse des salariés après la pandémie de Covid-19) serait la preuve qu’un gigantesque mouvement de flemme s’est emparé de nos concitoyens. Pour comprendre ce qui a vraiment changé dans le rapport au travail des Français, il est nécessaire de se placer dans une perspective plus longue et de rappeler l’importance que les Français lui accordent.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Courtioux Pierre
Published: February 2024

Depuis le débat américain des années 1980 sur le rétrécissement des classes moyennes ( shrinking middle class ), sociologues, économistes et politistes (par exemple, Chauvel, 2006  ; Goux et Maurin, 2012  ; Foucault, 2017 ) auscultent régulièrement cette catégorie de population, tant pour en analyser la diversité que pour comprendre l’évolution de leurs choix politiques ( Kurer et Palier, 2019 ). Dans cette perspective, la crise financière de 2008 et ses conséquences sur la résilience des classes moyennes ont fait l’objet de travaux comparatifs qui ont montré l’hétérogénéité des dynamiques à l’œuvre selon les pays et selon les réformes en cours du marché du travail et de la protection sociale ( Vaughan-Whithehead, 2016  ; OCDE, 2019). Dans ce cadre, la situation française semble paradoxale.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Benhamou Salima
Published: February 2024

L’organisation du travail est souvent ignorée dans les débats et les politiques publiques visant à améliorer la qualité du travail et des emplois, soit parce que ses modalités de mise en œuvre sont difficiles à identifier, soit parce qu’elle est considérée comme la « boîte noire » de l’entreprise. Pourtant, elle a un impact déterminant sur la qualité du travail et des emplois (conditions de travail, développement des compétences, qualité du management, statut de l’emploi, etc.). Parmi la pluralité des formes d’organisation du travail (taylorienne, simple, lean management et apprenante), certaines sont plus favorables que d’autres aux salariés. C’est notamment le cas de l’apprenante.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: di Paola Vanessa , Moullet Stéphanie
Published: February 2024

L’objectif d’égalité professionnelle entre femmes et hommes est affiché par l’Europe depuis sa création. La promotion de l’accès des femmes aux postes à responsabilités y occupe une place centrale. En France, l’égalité femmes-hommes est un principe inscrit dès 1946 dans le préambule de la Constitution. En 1972 déjà, la loi pose le principe « à travail de valeur égale, salaire égal ». Depuis, de nombreux textes législatifs sont venus la compléter. La loi la plus récente, du 24 décembre 2021, dite loi Rixain, fixe des quotas de 40 % de femmes cadres dirigeantes de grandes entreprises d’ici à 2030. Malgré cet arsenal législatif, les femmes ont toujours moins de chances d’occuper des postes à responsabilités, comme l’illustrent les travaux sur le plafond de verre, défini comme « l’ensemble des obstacles visibles et invisibles qui séparent les femmes du sommet des hiérarchies professionnelles et organisationnelles » (Laufer, 2004, 2005 ; Buscatto et Marry, 2009). Elles y sont également moins rémunérées.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Gazier Bernard
Published: February 2024

Garantie jeunes, plan « 1 jeune, 1 solution », plan d’investissement dans les compétences (PIC)… Nombreuses sont les initiatives, souvent massives et coûteuses, prises récemment en France par les pouvoirs publics en faveur des jeunes sans emploi et non qualifiés. Ce qui toutefois reste frappant, c’est la persistance d’un nombre élevé de jeunes « Ni en emploi, ni en études, ni en formation » ou encore Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEETs) selon l’acronyme anglais.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Amossé Thomas , Erhel Christine
Published: February 2024

La crise sanitaire suscitée par l’épidémie de Covid-19 en 2020-2021 a mis en exergue la contribution particulière de certains métiers au fonctionnement de la société et de l’économie. Souvent qualifiés de métiers clés ou de métiers essentiels, ils impliquent des déplacements et ne permettent pas le télétravail car ils s’exercent nécessairement sur site quel que soit le contexte, y compris lorsque cela accroît le risque de contamination. La plupart des travailleurs exerçant ces métiers se sont ainsi portés sur le front de la pandémie, en première ou en deuxième ligne pour reprendre la distinction opérée par le président de la République dans son discours du 13 avril 2020 . En dépit de leur forte utilité sociale, la plupart de ces professions sont peu valorisées et pâtissent de conditions de travail et d’emploi difficiles.
Study of Free Fall Using an Ultra-Concurrent Laboratory at the University
Authors: Arias Navarro Eduardo , Moya Cesar Nahuel , Lizano-Sánchez Fiorella , Arguedas-Matarrita Carlos , Mora Ley Cesar , Idoyaga Ignacio
Published: February 2024

This article presents the results of the educational use of an ultra-concurrent laboratory during the second semester of 2022, in the Cisale Chair of the Common Cycle of the University of Buenos Aires in order to strengthen the experimental scenarios and quality of the process in the teaching of physics. For this purpose, a quantitative descriptive study in which 68 students participated was carried out. This allowed establishing a significant scenario with the implementation of the ultra-concurrent free-fall laboratory to enhance experimental development in physics teaching processes. It is concluded that remote laboratories are promising technologies for teaching physics at the university level. However, it should be clarified that the impact of an educational innovation does not only depend on the technology used, but also on the didactic design with which it is approached.
Transforming Healthcare Data Management: A Blockchain-Based Cloud EHR System for Enhanced Security and Interoperability
Authors: Samala Agariadne Dwinggo , Rawas Soha
Published: February 2024

The adoption of cloud-based electronic health record (EHR) systems and blockchain technology in healthcare is gaining attention for enhancing data security and interoperability. This research focuses on designing and implementing a blockchain-based cloud EHR system. It explores selecting suitable blockchain technology, cloud infrastructure, and data management methods to ensure patient data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The architecture and components of the system, including the blockchain network, cloud storage layer, and user interface, are thoroughly discussed. A pilot study evaluates the system’s feasibility and performance, showcasing improved data protection, sharing, and management compared to traditional EHR systems. The potential benefits, drawbacks, and barriers to adoption of a blockchain-based cloud EHR system are examined. This research provides valuable insights and recommendations for healthcare institutions considering the implementation of such systems, addressing the challenges, and offering guidance for successful adoption.
Assessing Subjective Visual Vertical Reliability: A Comparison of the “Bucket Test,” a Mobile App, and a Virtual System
Authors: Waly Mohamed Ibrahim , Alshammari Fahad , Alshammari Maryam E. , Algahtany Mohammed
Published: February 2024

The subjective visual vertical (SVV) is a potential indicator of vestibular dysfunction as it assesses an individual’s perception of a vertical line. Despite this, and as a result of specific logistical impediments, SVV has not entered standard clinical practice. Dizziness is the third most common clinical complaint by patients (20%) in outpatient offices. It adversely affects the patient’s life and is often accompanied by intensive healthcare. This study aims to determine whether the bucket test and mobile phone app are as reliable as the Virtual SVV system in assessing the SVV. This study involves four types of investigation to determine the relationship or difference among three tests, including their performance comparison, descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and correlation analysis. After organizing the raw data from 207 healthy volunteer participants for 8 trials, it was found that 59% were female and 41% were male. The data was analyzed utilizing the SPSS program. The test performance is measured using the ROC curve, and the results indicate that the bucket with the highest ROC coefficient is 0.72.
Insider, outsider or in-between? A researcher’s evolving positionality in conducting studies about Chinese rural land reform in China and Belgium
Authors: Yang Renhao
Published: February 2024

This essay delves into the impacts of adopting an insider/outsider (in-betweenness) positionality in the context of studying China’s land reform in China and Belgium. Utilising insights gained from my fieldwork experiences and the composition of two articles – one emphasising the economic implications of the reform and the other exploring its theoretical dimensions – I emphasise the significance of the place of knowledge production, particularly my epistemological and methodological training experience in Belgium. This experience has played a pivotal role in shaping my in-betweenness positionality, providing a framework for reflective research framing and presenting my findings. In essence, this essay contends that embracing an in-betweenness positionality is essential for producing research that is not only academically rigorous but also practically relevant, attuned to the complexities of the social issues under investigation.
Risk Management and Cybersecurity in Transportation and Warehousing
Authors: Khan Azeem , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Omar Haji Abdul Hafidz B. Haji , Hamid Dayang Hajah Tiawa B. Awang Haji
Published: February 2024

Transportation and warehousing are vital components of logistics corporations. Their continuous uninterrupted functioning is of paramount significance for the enterprises involved in the supply chain. As these enterprises are built and rely heavily on digital technologies for their rapid functioning, they are vulnerable to cybersecurity threats and attacks. Hence, to effectively address and promptly respond to these issues organizations need to have proper strategy and planning in place. This chapter endeavors to acquaint readers with these pressing issues. To secure warehousing operations and transportation systems, the methods and tools for assessing the risks and mitigating them are discussed comprehensively.
Internet of Things (IoT) Impact on Inventory Management
Authors: Khan Azeem , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Hamid Dayang Hajah Tiawa Binte Awang Haji , Omar Haji Abdul Hafidz B. Haji
Published: February 2024

The impact of the internet of things (IoT) on inventory management is explored in this chapter. The chapter discusses comprehensively IoT system components, communication protocols, their architectures, and applications in various sectors. This chapter also investigates how IoT enabled inventory can provide real-time inventory management through timely monitoring, tracking, and optimization of inventories by employing RFID tags and readers. The RFID tags include encoded data in the form of unique IDs, which facilitates effective tracking and monitoring of goods and services pertaining to an organization. RFID readers can detect tags and transmit data encoded in it to the cloud for processing, thereby resulting in well informed data-driven decisions with improved operational efficiency. Furthermore, the chapter explores inventory management processes in the context of IoT-enabled inventories. The chapter also presents a comprehensive comparison of IoT enabled inventories with the traditional inventory management systems.
Levers of Heightening Trust and Certainty in Communication
Authors: Rostomyan Anna
Published: February 2024

In today's modern world, trust between the interactants is shrinking, since while communicating with each other, there is almost always the fear of being misled by means of disinformation or miscommunication. The chapter discusses the necessity of the application of five expression management techniques formerly proposed by Andersen and Guerrero, namely 1) intensification, 2) de-intensification, 3) simulation, 4) inhabitation, and 5) masking, which, according to the studies of the authors of this chapter, have the potential of raising the level of emotional connection between the speaking partners, who then gain the ultimate chance of influencing each other's viewpoint by means of heightening the trust level through the application of these emotion expression management techniques for the benefit of both parties both in the business field and in our everyday lives. To elucidate this, extracts from contemporary English fiction are discussed by the author that show the impact of emotion management to achieve emotive impact on the listener(s).
The Italian Reform of Criminal Justice
Authors: Arcuri Maria Anastasia
Published: February 2024

In the age of the internet, the criminal trial, while respecting constitution guarantees, cannot be insensitive to technological innovation which by now concerns every sector of human activity and every public service, which is also justice. The use of technology is able to redesign the new process of security and forensics, to improve government and law. The advanced technology in the application of the law provides efficiency. The Italian criminal justice system is currently under an important transformation by means Cartabia reform. The aim of the Italian reform is modernizing and simplifying the criminal process as well as increasing its efficiency and transparency. The chapter aims to explore the items relating to the Italian reform of criminal justice focusing to technology making changes. The work also intends to reflect on the role of technology in generating the self-reinforcing trust of criminal justice.
A Study on Cyber Defence Curse for Online Attackers
Authors: Banerjee Ranjan , Sahu Rabindranath , Gazi Toufique Ahammad
Published: February 2024

With the advancement of technology, it has been mandatory for meeting the requirements of all stakeholders in an organization, cyber security must include pliability and trust where the concern towards protection from online hacking has been a point to be noted seriously. In the domain of cyber security, the teams of security analysts who are responsible for digging out cyber threats by wading through continual floods of data such as intrusion alerts and network logs, situation awareness (SA) is very important. To create an active defence system in the path followed by an attacker to penetrate information systems over time that can result in remarkable disruptive effects on organizations in the main purpose of cyber defence.
Understanding the Relationship Between Trust and Faith in Micro-Enterprises to Cyber Hygiene
Authors: Konar Sayak , Mukherjee Gunjan , Dutta Gourab
Published: February 2024

Cyber hygiene is a practice of maintaining the security and health of devices, networks, and data. It involves some guidelines to prevent cyberattacks, data breaches, and identity theft. Trust needs strong protection in the cyber system world. Cyber hygiene is essential for both individuals and organizations, as it can protect them from financial losses, reputational damage, legal consequences, physical harm, and identity theft. The term “cybersecurity” indicates vulnerabilities or other issues related to protecting personal data. Data must adhere to cyber ethics other than protection. Cyber hygiene thus gives us a notion of how trust issues in a cyber-world can be handled with better understanding of the level, volume, veracity, and the longevity of data present in cyberspace. This chapter is about finding a suitable quantitative relationship between cyber hygiene and policy of trust in micro enterprises along with different aspects of cyber hygiene problems and the possible pathways and remedies that could be taken for better functioning of these enterprises in cyber spaces.
Cybersecurity Policies Implementation
Authors: Kour Manmeet , Pierce Justin
Published: February 2024

In today's digital age, the Internet is a platform upon which several aspects of social and business interactions are made. In the business sense, organisations use the Internet to facilitate tasks, for storing data, and gaining access to information. However, since the Internet was originally conceived as an open- and fault tolerant network, businesses are vulnerable to cyberthreats. Cybersecurity is crucial in the current digital era to protect critical infrastructure and data. To reduce risks and protect assets, organisations must prioritise security despite its challenges. Security risks are always changing, and keeping abreast with compliance standards presents new organisational challenges. To address both these issues, organisations must develop thorough cybersecurity policies.This study creates a process-based model of how IT department personnel should implement cybersecurity policies.
A Systematic Review With Recommendations on Intelligent Systems in Cognitive Healthcare
Authors: Asha K. , Venkatesh K. A.
Published: February 2024

Today's doctors and patients rely on online platforms to express opinions on health matters. Public health importance, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic in both developing and developed countries are focusing on building sustainable, resilient health systems and implementing policies to address prevailing healthcare challenges. Adoption of latest trends and technologies leads to the processing of extensive bigdata by heavy statistical evaluations through machine learning and deep learning techniques to predict prominent semantic patterns. The objective of this chapter is to spotlight on cognitive analysis to extract opinions expressed by users. Authors emphasize narrowing down the new potentials in the field of sentiment analysis through cognition and understanding variations in semantic orientation. The chapter explores new methods and procedures that benefit practitioners and researchers with respect to sentiment polarity using cognitive analytics to address the improvements in healthcare industry.
Clinics to Algorithms Using Science and Technology
Authors: Pimpalkar Amit Purushottam , Gandhewar Nisarg , Shelke Nilesh M. , Somkunwar Rachna K. , Raymond V Joseph
Published: February 2024

The chapter addresses the persistent concerns surrounding the detecting and early intervention of anxiety and mood disorders. These mental health conditions have become increasingly prevalent, affecting individuals across various ages and socio-economic backgrounds. However, despite the growing awareness of their impact, challenges persist in timely diagnosis, leading to delayed treatment and aggravated conditions. By examining the continuum from clinical settings to algorithmic analyses, the chapter strives to elucidate how intelligent solutions, fueled by datasets, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL), can enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of diagnosis. The chapter's primary concern revolves around leveraging the power of science and technology to revolutionize the diagnostic landscape. It aims to unravel the transformative potential of transitioning from conventional clinical assessments to data-driven algorithms.
Hydrophobia
Authors: Patil Varsha Santosh , Patkar Rajiv Jitendra , Mokal Ayush Ajit , Singh Kunalraj Kusendra , Choughule Atharv Santosh , Bora Rina K.
Published: February 2024

Hydrophobia, a profound fear of water, has traditionally been addressed through various therapeutic interventions, with exposure therapy being a primary method. However, the advent of virtual reality (VR) technology has revolutionized therapeutic approaches, introducing virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) as a promising alternative. This chapter delves into the application of VRET for hydrophobia, exploring its mechanisms, advantages, and outcomes. While VRET presents numerous advantages, such as eliminating the need for in vivo exposure and ensuring patient confidentiality, it is not without limitations. The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the technological aspects, patient experiences, and future prospects of VRET for hydrophobia, emphasizing the need for further research and technological advancements in the field.
Investigating Natural Language Processing Strategies for Cognitive Support in Chemo-Brain Patients
Authors: Bharambe Ujwala , Ingle Pushkar Ramesh , Ramesh Rekha , Mahato Manimala
Published: February 2024

Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy often face chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, known as chemo-brain, which can impact their quality of life. This impairment can manifest during or after treatment, with varying degrees of severity, onset times, and durations, ultimately affecting the patients' quality of life. This chapter explores the potential of natural language processing (NLP) strategies to address cognitive challenges in these patients. The focus is on evaluating the effectiveness of NLP solutions in managing issues like memory deficits, attention problems, language challenges, and executive function impairments. The work assesses NLP techniques in healthcare, emphasizing their role in enhancing cognitive functions and communication for chemo-brain patients through real-world case studies. Specific objectives include an in-depth examination of chemo-brain, critical evaluation of NLP's potential, analysis of case studies, and a discussion of recent NLP advancements.
Unveiling Alzheimer's
Authors: Ravale Ujwala Nilesh , Siddiqui Rizwana
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer's disease primarily affects older adults and is marked by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and various physiological and psychological symptoms. This neuro degenerative condition significantly impacts patients, diminishing their quality of life. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia globally, impacting neurological health. Deep learning techniques offer a potential solution by enhancing efficiency and scalability. They enable automated and early disease diagnosis. Advances in computational power and image analysis techniques have transformed medical imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides detailed brain images aiding in diagnosis. A three-dimensional MRI image of AD diseases is transformed into two-dimensional image slices. These slices are then fed into a PSP-Net neural network, which is trained to identify key features then VGG16 network analyzes regions of interest within images and distinguishes between Alzheimer patient from normal individuals and facilitating accurate classification.
Beyond Textbooks and Standard Practices
Authors: de Almeida Raquel Simões
Published: February 2024

This chapter examines the concept of mental health literacy (MHL) and its pivotal role in promoting well-being and global health agendas. MHL, rooted in the recognition, understanding, and management of mental disorders, has emerged as a critical component in fostering individual and community resilience. The chapter delves into the transformative potential of digital tools in enhancing MHL through innovative education approaches, focusing on digital platforms, mobile apps, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and gamified learning to disseminate personalized mental health information efficiently, transcending barriers of time and stigma. The chapter comprehensively explores the state-of-the-art in digital mental health education and its integration not only into healthcare professionals training curricula but also in community populations. Through some examples and a real case study, the effectiveness of different digital interventions is highlighted, culminating in practical recommendations for seamlessly incorporating digital tools into mental health literacy initiatives.
Digital Health in the Context of Healthcare Workers' Education and Training
Authors: Alberto da Silva Carlos , de Almeida Rui Pedro Pereira , Carvalheira Francisca , Abrantes António Fernando , Miranda Dulce Lourenço , Vicente Bianca , Ramos Magda , Mestre Tatiana
Published: February 2024

Digital technologies are reshaping healthcare practices, influencing patient information-seeking behavior, and impacting ethical considerations. The emergence of eHealth, mHealth, and advanced technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics hold promise for improving healthcare quality. However, in Portugal, digital health literacy is underexplored, particularly in healthcare education. This chapter scrutinizes curricula at higher education health schools, revealing that while health technologies are integrated, digital health is often confined to specific modules. Portuguese institutions must reconsider curricula to equip healthcare professionals with essential digital skills. The significance of this chapter lies in its critical analysis and recommendations for reform. It underscores the urgent need for comprehensive integration of digital health in healthcare education, highlighting the gap in current curricula and advocating for a more comprehensive approach. Recommendations include implementing ongoing training to enhance digital health literacy.
Revolutionizing Health Data Management With Blockchain Technology
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: February 2024

This chapter thoroughly investigates the revolutionary use of blockchain technology in the administration of medical data. Blockchain integration has become a disruptive force in the era of digital health records, with the potential to completely revolutionize how healthcare organizations manage, trade, and safeguard data. The main objective is to analyze blockchain's complex role in transforming healthcare data management. The foundations of blockchain in healthcare data management are among the important subjects addressed; this section introduces the technology's basic ideas, composition, and operation. Examining how blockchain improves data security and privacy in healthcare takes up much of this chapter. The analysis focuses on how blockchain breaks down the conventional boundaries of data silos to enable smooth data interchange across heterogeneous healthcare systems. Examining the difficulties and real-world applications of implementing blockchain technology in healthcare rounds off the chapter.
The Future of Healthcare and Patient-Centric Care
Authors: Aminabee Shaik
Published: February 2024

The future of healthcare is a dynamic landscape characterized by rapid advancements, evolving patient needs, and transformative technologies. This chapter explores key trends and predictions shaping the industry. It covers the integration of AI, telemedicine, genomics, and patient empowerment. These shifts promise a healthcare ecosystem that is more efficient, accessible, and personalized than ever before. However, they also present challenges, including data privacy, ethical considerations, and equitable access. Navigating this evolving healthcare landscape will require a thoughtful balance of innovation and ethical practice, ensuring that the future of healthcare benefits all segments of society. The chapter aims to equip stakeholders with insights and strategies to navigate this complex landscape, advocating for a healthcare future that prioritizes patient-centricity while embracing technological progress in a way that is inclusive and beneficial for all.
Automated Neurological Brain Disease Detection in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Thilagavathi S. , Sridhar D. , Jawahar S.
Published: February 2024

A neurological type of brain disease called multiple sclerosis (MS) impairs how well the nervous system is able to function efficiently and causes people to experience visual, sensory, and problems with movement. Multiple methods of detection have been proposed so far for diagnosing MS; among them, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has drawn a lot of interest from healthcare providers. The ability to quickly diagnose lesions related to MS depends on a fundamental understanding of the anatomy and workings of the brain that MRI technology provides doctors. Using an MRI for diagnosing MS is tedious, time-consuming, and prone to human error. In the present investigation, lesion activity involves preprocessing and segmentation of the MS images from two time points using deep learning approaches.
Role of Blockchain Technology in Protecting a Cloud Architecture
Authors: Verma Virendra Kumar , Tiwari Shrikant , Mazumdar Bireshwar Dass , Rajnath Yadav Krishna Kumar
Published: February 2024

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations manage and deliver services, offering unparalleled scalability and cost-efficiency. However, the increasing adoption of cloud-based solutions has also brought forth a myriad of security challenges, ranging from data breaches to unauthorized access and tampering. In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to address some of these security concerns. This chapter presents an in-depth exploration of the application of blockchain technology in cloud security. It begins by providing an overview of both cloud computing and blockchain, emphasizing their individual strengths and weaknesses in safeguarding data and transactions. Subsequently, it delves into the various security challenges faced in cloud environments and how traditional security measures often fall short.