bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio target level based on the recommended dietary intake goals for the Japanese population: The INTERMAP Japan
Authors: Salman Ebtehal , Kadota Aya , Okami Yukiko , Kondo Keiko , Yoshita Katsushi , Okuda Nagako , Nakagawa Hideaki , Saitoh Shigeyuki , Sakata Kiyomi , Okayama Akira , Chan Queenie , Elliott Paul , Stamler Jeremiah , Ueshima Hirotsugu , Miura Katsuyuki ,   for the INTERMAP Research Group
Published: November 2022

Growing epidemiological evidence has shown an association of the urinary sodium (Na) to potassium (K) ratio (Na/K ratio) with blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. However, no clear cutoff level has been defined. We investigated the cutoff level of the urinary Na/K ratio under different dietary guidelines for Japanese individuals, especially that endorsed by the 2020 revised Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). A population of 1145 Japanese men and women aged 40 to 59 years from the INTERMAP study was examined. Using high-quality standardized data, the averages of two 24 h urinary collections and four 24 h dietary recalls were used to calculate the 24 h urinary and dietary Na/K ratios, respectively. Associations between the urinary and dietary Na/K ratios were tested by sex- and age-adjusted partial correlation. The optimal urinary Na/K ratio cutoff level was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and sex-specific cross tables for recommended dietary K and salt. Overall, the average molar ratio of 24 h urinary Na/K was 4.3. We found moderate correlations (P < 0.001) of the 24 h urinary Na/K ratio with 24 h urinary Na and K excretion (r = 0.52, r = −0.49, respectively) and the dietary Na/K ratio (r = 0.53). ROC curves showed that a 24 h urinary Na/K ratio of approximately 2 predicted Na and K intake that meets the dietary goals of the Japanese DRIs. The range of urinary Na/K ratios meeting the dietary goals of the Japanese DRIs for both Na and K was 1.6‒2.2 for men and 1.7‒1.9 for women. Accomplishing a urinary Na/K ratio of 2 would be desirable to achieve the DRIs dietary goals for both Na and K simultaneously in middle-aged Japanese men and women accustomed to Japanese dietary habits. This observational study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005271.
Generalizable spelling using a speech neuroprosthesis in an individual with severe limb and vocal paralysis
Authors: Metzger Sean L. , Liu Jessie R. , Moses David A. , Dougherty Maximilian E. , Seaton Margaret P. , Littlejohn Kaylo T. , Chartier Josh , Anumanchipalli Gopala K. , Tu-Chan Adelyn , Ganguly Karunesh , Chang Edward F.
Published: November 2022

Neuroprostheses have the potential to restore communication to people who cannot speak or type due to paralysis. However, it is unclear if silent attempts to speak can be used to control a communication neuroprosthesis. Here, we translated direct cortical signals in a clinical-trial participant (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03698149) with severe limb and vocal-tract paralysis into single letters to spell out full sentences in real time. We used deep-learning and language-modeling techniques to decode letter sequences as the participant attempted to silently spell using code words that represented the 26 English letters (e.g. “alpha” for “a”). We leveraged broad electrode coverage beyond speech-motor cortex to include supplemental control signals from hand cortex and complementary information from low- and high-frequency signal components to improve decoding accuracy. We decoded sentences using words from a 1,152-word vocabulary at a median character error rate of 6.13% and speed of 29.4 characters per minute. In offline simulations, we showed that our approach generalized to large vocabularies containing over 9,000 words (median character error rate of 8.23%). These results illustrate the clinical viability of a silently controlled speech neuroprosthesis to generate sentences from a large vocabulary through a spelling-based approach, complementing previous demonstrations of direct full-word decoding.
Cell division drives DNA methylation loss in late-replicating domains in primary human cells
Authors: Endicott Jamie L. , Nolte Paula A. , Shen Hui , Laird Peter W.
Published: November 2022

DNA methylation undergoes dramatic age-related changes, first described more than four decades ago. Loss of DNA methylation within partially methylated domains (PMDs), late-replicating regions of the genome attached to the nuclear lamina, advances with age in normal tissues, and is further exacerbated in cancer. We present here experimental evidence that this DNA hypomethylation is directly driven by proliferation-associated DNA replication. Within PMDs, loss of DNA methylation at low-density CpGs in A:T-rich immediate context (PMD solo-WCGWs) tracks cumulative population doublings in primary cell culture. Cell cycle deceleration results in a proportional decrease in the rate of DNA hypomethylation. Blocking DNA replication via Mitomycin C treatment halts methylation loss. Loss of methylation continues unabated after TERT immortalization until finally reaching a severely hypomethylated equilibrium. Ambient oxygen culture conditions increases the rate of methylation loss compared to low-oxygen conditions, suggesting that some methylation loss may occur during unscheduled, oxidative damage repair-associated DNA synthesis. Finally, we present and validate a model to estimate the relative cumulative replicative histories of human cells, which we call “RepliTali” (Replication Times Accumulated in Lifetime).
Multimodal collective swimming of magnetically articulated modular nanocomposite robots
Authors: Won Sukyoung , Lee Hee Eun , Cho Young Shik , Yang Kijun , Park Jeong Eun , Yang Seung Jae , Wie Jeong Jae
Published: November 2022

Magnetically responsive composites can impart maneuverability to miniaturized robots. However, collective actuation of these composite robots has rarely been achieved, although conducting cooperative tasks is a promising strategy for accomplishing difficult missions with a single robot. Here, we report multimodal collective swimming of ternary-nanocomposite-based magnetic robots capable of on-demand switching between rectilinear translational swimming and rotational swimming. The nanocomposite robots comprise a stiff yet lightweight carbon nanotube yarn (CNTY) framework surrounded by a magnetic polymer composite, which mimics the hierarchical architecture of musculoskeletal systems, yielding magnetically articulated multiple robots with an agile above-water swimmability (~180 body lengths per second) and modularity. The multiple robots with multimodal swimming facilitate the generation and regulation of vortices, enabling novel vortex-induced transportation of thousands of floating microparticles and heavy semi-submerged cargos. The controllable collective actuation of these biomimetic nanocomposite robots can lead to versatile robotic functions, including microplastic removal, microfluidic vortex control, and transportation of pharmaceuticals.
CDKN1A is a target for phagocytosis-mediated cellular immunotherapy in acute leukemia
Authors: Allouch Awatef , Voisin Laurent , Zhang Yanyan , Raza Syed Qasim , Lecluse Yann , Calvo Julien , Selimoglu-Buet Dorothée , de Botton Stéphane , Louache Fawzia , Pflumio Françoise , Solary Eric , Perfettini Jean-Luc
Published: November 2022

Targeting the reprogramming and phagocytic capacities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has emerged as a therapeutic opportunity for cancer treatment. Here, we demonstrate that tumor cell phagocytosis drives the pro-inflammatory activation of TAMs and identify a key role for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A (p21). Through the transcriptional repression of Signal-Regularity Protein α (SIRPα), p21 promotes leukemia cell phagocytosis and, subsequently, the pro-inflammatory reprogramming of phagocytic macrophages that extends to surrounding macrophages through Interferon γ. In mouse models of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), infusion of human monocytes (Mos) engineered to overexpress p21 (p21TD-Mos) leads to Mo differentiation into phagocytosis-proficient TAMs that, after leukemia cell engulfment, undergo pro-inflammatory activation and trigger the reprogramming of bystander TAMs, reducing the leukemic burden and substantially prolonging survival in mice. These results reveal p21 as a trigger of phagocytosis-guided pro-inflammatory TAM reprogramming and highlight the potential for p21TD-Mo-based cellular therapy as a cancer immunotherapy.
Pharmacological blockade of TEAD–YAP reveals its therapeutic limitation in cancer cells
Authors: Sun Yang , Hu Lu , Tao Zhipeng , Jarugumilli Gopala K. , Erb Hannah , Singh Alka , Li Qi , Cotton Jennifer L. , Greninger Patricia , Egan Regina K. , Tony Ip Y. , Benes Cyril H. , Che Jianwei , Mao Junhao , Wu Xu
Published: November 2022

Targeting TEAD autopalmitoylation has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for YAP-dependent cancers. Here we show that TEAD palmitoylation inhibitor MGH-CP1 and analogues block cancer cell “stemness”, organ overgrowth and tumor initiation in vitro and in vivo. MGH-CP1 sensitivity correlates significantly with YAP-dependency in a large panel of cancer cell lines. However, TEAD inhibition or YAP/TAZ knockdown leads to transient inhibition of cell cycle progression without inducing cell death, undermining their potential therapeutic utilities. We further reveal that TEAD inhibition or YAP/TAZ silencing leads to VGLL3-mediated transcriptional activation of SOX4/PI3K/AKT signaling axis, which contributes to cancer cell survival and confers therapeutic resistance to TEAD inhibitors. Consistently, combination of TEAD and AKT inhibitors exhibits strong synergy in inducing cancer cell death. Our work characterizes the therapeutic opportunities and limitations of TEAD palmitoylation inhibitors in cancers, and uncovers an intrinsic molecular mechanism, which confers potential therapeutic resistance.
Simultaneously tuning interlayer spacing and termination of MXenes by Lewis-basic halides
Authors: Zhang Tianze , Chang Libo , Zhang Xiaofeng , Wan Hujie , Liu Na , Zhou Liujiang , Xiao Xu
Published: November 2022

The surface and interface chemistry are of significance on controlling the properties of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). Numerous efforts have been devoted to the regulation of Ti3C2Tx MXene, however, tuning interlayer spacing and surface halogen termination of other MXenes (besides Ti3C2Tx) is rarely reported while demanded. Here we propose a Lewis-basic halides treatment, which is capable of simultaneously engineering the interlayer spacing and surface termination of various MXenes. Benefited from the abundant desolvated halogen anions and cations in molten state Lewis-basic halides, the -F termination was substituted by nucleophilic reaction and the interlayer spacing was enlarged. Ti3C2Tx MXene treated by this method showed a high specific capacity of 229 mAh g−1 for Li+ storage, which is almost 2 times higher than pristine one. Considering the universality, our method provides an approach to regulating the properties of MXenes, which may expand their potential applications in energy storage, optoelectronics and beyond.
Phosphate limitation intensifies negative effects of ocean acidification on globally important nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium
Authors: Zhang Futing , Wen Zuozhu , Wang Shanlin , Tang Weiyi , Luo Ya-Wei , Kranz Sven A. , Hong Haizheng , Shi Dalin
Published: November 2022

Growth of the prominent nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium is often limited by phosphorus availability in the ocean. How nitrogen fixation by phosphorus-limited Trichodesmium may respond to ocean acidification remains poorly understood. Here, we use phosphate-limited chemostat experiments to show that acidification enhanced phosphorus demands and decreased phosphorus-specific nitrogen fixation rates in Trichodesmium. The increased phosphorus requirements were attributed primarily to elevated cellular polyphosphate contents, likely for maintaining cytosolic pH homeostasis in response to acidification. Alongside the accumulation of polyphosphate, decreased NADP(H):NAD(H) ratios and impaired chlorophyll synthesis and energy production were observed under acidified conditions. Consequently, the negative effects of acidification were amplified compared to those demonstrated previously under phosphorus sufficiency. Estimating the potential implications of this finding, using outputs from the Community Earth System Model, predicts that acidification and dissolved inorganic and organic phosphorus stress could synergistically cause an appreciable decrease in global Trichodesmium nitrogen fixation by 2100.
Correlation-induced magnetism in substrate-supported 2D metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Field Bernard , Schiffrin Agustin , Medhekar Nikhil V.
Published: November 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a kagome lattice can exhibit strong electron-electron interactions, which can lead to tunable quantum phases including many exotic magnetic phases. While technological developments of 2D MOFs typically take advantage of substrates for growth, support, and electrical contacts, investigations often ignore substrates and their dramatic influence on electronic properties. Here, we show how substrates alter the correlated magnetic phases in kagome MOFs using systematic density functional theory and mean-field Hubbard calculations. We demonstrate that MOF-substrate coupling, MOF-substrate charge transfer, strain, and external electric fields are key variables, activating and deactivating magnetic phases in these materials. While we consider the example of kagome-arranged 9,10-dicyanoanthracene molecules coordinated with copper atoms, our findings should generalise to any 2D kagome material. This work offers useful predictions for tunable interaction-induced magnetism in surface-supported 2D (metal-)organic materials, opening the door to solid-state electronic and spintronic technologies based on such systems.
Remimazolam besylate for the sedation of postoperative patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a prospective dose‒response study
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Zhang Jiancheng , Yuan Shiying , Huang Haiyan
Published: November 2022

This single-center study aimed to determine the effective dose and safety of remimazolam besylate for the sedation of postoperative patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the ICU after surgery were included. The Narcotrend index (NTI) was used to assess the depth of sedation, and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score was also recorded. Remimazolam besylate was administered initially at a loading dose of 0.02 mg/kg, followed by a gradual increase of 0.005 mg/kg each time until the targeted depth of sedation was achieved (NTI 65–94). A maintenance dose of remimazolam besylate was administered starting at 0.2 mg/kg/h, followed by increments or subtractions of 0.05 mg/kg/h each time until a satisfactory depth of sedation was achieved and maintained for at least 30 min. The demographic data, anesthesia, surgery types, hemodynamics and respiratory parameters were recorded. Adverse events and adverse drug reactions were monitored for safety. Twenty-three patients were eventually included in this study covering a period of 1 year. A satisfactory depth of sedation was achieved by a single intravenous infusion of remimazolam besylate at a loading dose of 0.02–0.05 mg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 0.20–0.35 mg/kg/h. There were no significant changes in hemodynamic and respiratory parameters within 10 min after the administration of remimazolam besylate. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between the NTI and the RASS score for assessing sedation (r = 0.721, P < 0.001). The NTI showed a predictive probability for a RASS score of 0.817. Remimazolam besylate was effective for mild/moderate sedation of invasively mechanically ventilated postoperative patients in the ICU while maintaining excellent respiratory and hemodynamic stability. The NTI can be used as a good tool for the objective evaluation of the depth of sedation and agitation.
Evaluation of commercially available fully automated and ELISA-based assays for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Zedan Hadeel T. , Yassine Hadi M. , Al-Sadeq Duaa W. , Liu Na , Qotba Hamda , Nicolai Eleonora , Pieri Massimo , Bernardini Sergio , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Nasrallah Gheyath K.
Published: November 2022

Rapid and accurate measurement of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2)-specific neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) is paramount for monitoring immunity in infected and vaccinated subjects. The current gold standard relies on pseudovirus neutralization tests which require sophisticated skills and facilities. Alternatively, recent competitive immunoassays measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs are proposed as a quick and commercially available surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). Here, we report the performance evaluation of three sVNTs, including two ELISA-based assays and an automated bead-based immunoassay for detecting nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. The performance of three sVNTs, including GenScript cPass, Dynamiker, and Mindray NTAb was assessed in samples collected from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (n = 160), COVID-19 vaccinated individuals (n = 163), and pre-pandemic controls (n = 70). Samples were collected from infected patients and vaccinated individuals 2–24 weeks after symptoms onset or second dose administration. Correlation analysis with pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT) and immunoassays detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies was performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was generated to assess the optimal threshold for detecting nAbs by each assay. All three sVNTs showed an excellent performance in terms of specificity (100%) and sensitivity (100%, 97.0%, and 97.1% for GenScript, Dynamiker, and Mindray, respectively) in samples collected from vaccinated subjects. GenScript demonstrated the strongest correlation with pVNT (r = 0.743, R2 = 0.552), followed by Mindray (r = 0.718, R2 = 0.515) and Dynamiker (r = 0.608, R2 = 0.369). Correlation with anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies was variable, but the strongest correlations were observed between anti-RBD IgG antibodies and Mindray (r = 0.952, R2 = 0.907). ROC curve analyses demonstrated excellent performance for all three sVNT assays in both groups, with an AUC ranging between 0.99 and 1.0 (p < 0.0001). Also, it was shown that the manufacturer's recommended cutoff values could be modified based on the tested cohort without significantly affecting the sVNT performance. The sVNT provides a rapid, low-cost, and scalable alternative to conventional neutralization assays for measuring and expanding nAbs testing across various research and clinical settings. Also, it could aid in evaluating actual protective immunity at the population level and assessing vaccine effectiveness to lay a foundation for boosters' requirements.
Estrogen-induced immune changes within the normal mammary gland
Authors: Tower Helen , Dall Genevieve , Davey Ashleigh , Stewart Melanie , Lanteri Patrick , Ruppert Meagan , Lambouras Maria , Nasir Ibraheem , Yeow Serene , Darcy Phillip K. , Ingman Wendy V. , Parker Belinda , Haynes Nicole M. , Britt Kara L.
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer (BCa) incidence increases following aberrant hormone exposure, which has been linked to direct effects on estrogen receptor (ER)+mammary epithelium. While estrogen exposure during mammary involution has been shown to drive tumour growth via neutrophils, the potential for the ER + immune microenvironment to mediate part (in addition to mammary epithelial cells) of hormonally controlled BCa risk during normal development has not been assessed. We collected mammary tissue, lymph nodes and blood from tumour naïve mice treated with, oophorectomy, estrogen (17β estradiol) or Fulvestrant. Flow cytometry was used to examine the impact on the frequency of innate and adaptive immune cells. Oophorectomy and fulvestrant decreased the proportion of macrophages, particularly pro-tumour polarized M2 macrophages and neutrophils. Conversely, dendritic cells were increased by these therapies, as were eosinophils. Estrogen increased the proportion of M2 macrophages and to a lesser extent CD4-CD8- double negative and FoxP3+regulatory T cells but decreased CD8 + T cells and B cells. Excluding eosinophils, these changes were restricted to the mammary tissue. This suggests that inhibiting estrogen action lowers the immune suppressive myeloid cells, increases in antigen presentation and eosinophil-mediated direct or indirect cytotoxic effects. In contrast, estrogen exposure, which drives BCa risk, increases the suppressive myeloid cells and reduces anti-tumour cytotoxic T cells. The impact of hormonal exposure on BCa risk, may in part be linked to its immune modulatory activity.
Utilization of Galerkin finite element strategy to investigate comparison performance among two hybrid nanofluid models
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Nazir Umar , Naz Samaira , Singh Abha , Mukdasai Kanit , Ali Mohamed R. , Khan Muhammad Jahangir , Galal Ahmed M.
Published: November 2022

The utilization of Fourier’s law of heat conduction provides the parabolic partial differential equation of thermal transport, which provides the information regarding thermal transport for the initial time, but during many practical applications, this theory is not applicable. Therefore, the utilization of modified heat flux model is to be used. This work discusses the utilization of non-Fourier heat flux model to investigate thermal performance of tri-hybrid nanoparticles mixture immersed in Carreau Yasuda material past over a Riga plate by using Hamilton Crosser and Yamada Ota models considering the variable thermos-physical characteristics. The phenomenon presenting the transport of momentum and energy are developed in the form of coupled partial differential equations, which are complex and then transformed into ordinary differential equations by using an appropriate transformation. The transformed equations have been tackled numerically via finite element scheme and the authenticity of obtained solution is shown with the help of comparative analysis of present results with those are available in open literature.
The apical ciliary adhesion complex is established at the basal foot of motile cilia and depends on the microtubule network
Authors: Chatzifrangkeskou Maria , Skourides Paris A.
Published: November 2022

The Ciliary Adhesion (CA) complex forms in close association with the basal bodies of cilia during the early stages of ciliogenesis and is responsible for mediating complex interactions with the actin networks of multiciliated cells (MCCs). However, its precise localization with respect to basal body accessory structures and the interactions that lead to its establishment in MCCs are not well understood. Here, we studied the distribution of the CA proteins using super-resolution imaging and possible interactions with the microtubule network. The results of this study reveal that the apical CA complex forms at the distal end of the basal foot and depends on microtubules. Our data also raise the possibility that CAs may have additional roles in the regulation of the organization of the microtubule network of MCCs.
Comparison of open and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy approaches using multicentric data (UroCCR-47 study)
Authors: Ingels A. , Bensalah K. , Beauval J. B. , Paparel P. , Rouprêt M. , Lang H. , Nouhaud F. X. , Hénon F. , Bruyère F. , Audenet F. , Lebacle C. , Baumert H. , Long J. A. , Tambwe R. , Charles T. , Xylinas E. , Waeckel T. , Michiels C. , Asselineau J. , Bénard A. , Margue G. , Boissier R. , Bigot P. , Bernhard J. C. ,   the Comité Cancer de l’Association Francaise d’Urologie (CCAFU), Gimel P. , Khene Z. , Ouzaid I. , Doumerc N. , Pettenati C. , Cornelis F. , Barthelemy P. , Rioux-Leclercq N. , Albiges L. , Bigot P.
Published: November 2022

We compared the outcomes of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) using contemporary data to respond to unmet clinical needs. Data from patients included in the registry who underwent partial nephrectomy between January 01, 2014 and June 30, 2017 within 20 centres of the French Network for Research on Kidney Cancer UroCCR were collected (NCT03293563). Statistical methods included adjusted multivariable analyses. Rates of peri- and post-operative transfusion, and of surgical revision, were lower in the RPN (n = 1434) than the OPN (n = 571) group (2.9% vs. 6.0%, p = 0.0012; 3.8% vs. 11.5%, p < 0.0001; 2.4% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.0001, respectively). In multivariable analyses, RPN was independently associated with fewer early post-operative complications than OPN (overall: odds-ratio [95% confidence interval, CI] = 0.48 [0.35–0.66]; severe: 0.29 [0.16–0.54], p < 0.0001 for both) and shorter hospital stays (34% [30%; 37%], p < 0.0001). RPN was also a significantly associated with a decresedrisk of post-operative acute renal failure, and new-onset chronic kidney disease at 3 and 12 months post-surgery. There were no between-group differences in oncological outcomes. In comparison with OPN, RPN was associated with improved peri- and post-operative morbidity, better functional outcomes, and shorter hospital stays. Our results support the use of RPN, even for large and complex tumours.
Evidence of the unidimensional structure of mind perception
Authors: Tzelios Kallie , Williams Lisa A. , Omerod John , Bliss-Moreau Eliza
Published: November 2022

The last decade has witnessed intense interest in how people perceive the minds of other entities (humans, non-human animals, and non-living objects and forces) and how this perception impacts behavior. Despite the attention paid to the topic, the psychological structure of mind perception—that is, the underlying properties that account for variance across judgements of entities—is not clear and extant reports conflict in terms of how to understand the structure. In the present research, we evaluated the psychological structure of mind perception by having participants evaluate a wide array of human, non-human animal, and non-animal entities. Using an entirely within-participants design, varied measurement approaches, and data-driven analyses, four studies demonstrated that mind perception is best conceptualized along a single dimension.
High gain low profile horn array with circular polarization using a 3D printed anisotropic dielectric composite material at 38 GHz
Authors: Castro Nelson , Pizarro Francisco , Rajo-Iglesias Eva
Published: November 2022

In this work, the design of a fully 3D-printed dielectric polarizer based on anisotropic engineered material operating at 38 GHz is presented. The anisotropy conditions to obtain circular polarization are achieved by using an array of dielectric strips, manufactured using two different commercially available filaments for 3D-printing. To illuminate the polarizer, a low-profile horn linear array fed by transverse slots is designed and manufactured. The results show good agreement between simulations and measurements, with the designed polarizer covering the whole operation band of the antenna by keeping a similar gain when compared to the structure without the polarizer.
Increased CaV1.2 late current by a CACNA1C p.R412M variant causes an atypical Timothy syndrome without syndactyly
Authors: Ozawa Junichi , Ohno Seiko , Melgari Dario , Wang Qi , Fukuyama Megumi , Toyoda Futoshi , Makiyama Takeru , Yoshinaga Masao , Suzuki Hiroshi , Saitoh Akihiko , Ai Tomohiko , Horie Minoru
Published: November 2022

Timothy syndrome (TS) is a rare pleiotropic disorder associated with long QT syndrome, syndactyly, dysmorphic features, and neurological symptoms. Several variants in exon 8 or 8a of CACNA1C, a gene encoding the α-subunit of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (Cav1.2), are known to cause classical TS. We identified a p.R412M (exon 9) variant in an atypical TS case. The aim of this study was to examine the functional effects of CACNA1C p.R412M on CaV1.2 in comparison with those of p.G406R. The index patient was a 2-month-old female infant who suffered from a cardio-pulmonary arrest in association with prolonged QT intervals. She showed dysmorphic facial features and developmental delay, but not syndactyly. Interestingly, she also presented recurrent seizures from 4 months. Genetic tests identified a novel heterozygous CACNA1C variant, p.R412M. Using heterologous expression system with HEK-293 cells, analyses with whole-cell patch-clamp technique revealed that p.R412M caused late Ca2+ currents by significantly delaying CaV1.2 channel inactivation, consistent with the underlying mechanisms of classical TS. A novel CACNA1C variant, p.R412M, was found to be associated with atypical TS through the same mechanism as p.G406R, the variant responsible for classical TS.
KLF15 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by downregulating CCL2 and CCL7
Authors: Kanyomse Quist , Le Xin , Tang Jun , Dai Fengsheng , Mobet Youchaou , Chen Chang , Cheng Zhaobo , Deng Chaoqun , Ning Yijiao , Yu Renjie , Zeng Xiaohua , Xiang Tingxiu
Published: November 2022

Kruppel like factor 15 (KLF15), a transcriptional factor belonging to the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family of genes, has recently been reported as a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. However, the specific mechanisms by which KLF15 inhibits BrCa have not been elucidated. Here we investigated the role and mechanism of KLF15 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). KLF15 expression and methylation were detected by RT-qPCR, RT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR in breast cancer cell lines and tissues. The effects of KLF15 on TNBC cell functions were examined via various cellular function assays. The specific anti-tumor mechanisms of KLF15 were further investigated by RNA sequence, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, luciferase assay, ChIP, and bioinformatics analysis. As the results showed that KLF15 is significantly downregulated in breast cancer cell lines and tissues, which promoter methylation of KLF15 partially contributes to. Exogenous expression of KLF15 induced apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, suppressed cell proliferation, metastasis and in vivo tumorigenesis of TNBC cells. Mechanism studies revealed that KLF15 targeted and downregulated C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CCL7. Moreover, transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that KLF15 is involved in key anti-tumor regulatory and metabolic pathways in TNBC. In conclusion, KLF15 suppresses cell growth and metastasis in TNBC by downregulating CCL2 and CCL7. KLF15 may be a prognostic biomarker in TNBC.
Reliable reference genes and abiotic stress marker genes in Klebsormidium nitens
Authors: Chatelain Pauline , Blanchard Cécile , Astier Jeremy , Klinguer Agnès , Wendehenne David , Jeandroz Sylvain , Rosnoblet Claire
Published: November 2022

Microalgae have recently emerged as a key research topic, especially as biological models. Among them, the green alga Klebsormidium nitens, thanks to its particular adaptation to environmental stresses, represents an interesting photosynthetic eukaryote for studying the transition stages leading to the colonization of terrestrial life. The tolerance to different stresses is manifested by changes in gene expression, which can be monitored by quantifying the amounts of transcripts by RT-qPCR. The identification of optimal reference genes for experiment normalization was therefore necessary. In this study, using four statistical algorithms followed by the RankAggreg package, we determined the best reference gene pairs suitable for normalizing RT-qPCR data in K. nitens in response to three abiotic stresses: high salinity, PEG-induced dehydration and heat shock. Based on these reference genes, we were able to identify marker genes in response to the three abiotic stresses in K. nitens.
A fully automatic target detection and quantification strategy based on object detection convolutional neural network YOLOv3 for one-step X-ray image grading
Authors: Chen Nan , Feng Zhichao , Li Fei , Wang Haibo , Yu Ruqin , Jiang Jianhui , Tang Lijuan , Rong Pengfei , Wang Wei
Published: November 2022

A novel modeling strategy based on YOLO version 3 (YOLOv3) for automatic simultaneous localization of knee joints and quantification of radiographic knee OA.
pH-Responsive epitope-imprinted magnetic nanoparticles for selective separation and extraction of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Xing Rongrong , Xue Tingyu , Ye Peng , Yang Li , Wang Runqin , Chen Xuan , Hu Shuang
Published: November 2022

By using caffeic acid as the epitope template of chlorogenic acid, the prepared epitope-imprinted MNPs could be applied to the selective separation and extraction of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in traditional Chinese medicines.
Correction: A new computational strategy to calculate the edge energy of a relaxed step. Calcite (CaCO3) as a case study
Authors: Bruno M. , Aquilano D.
Published: November 2022

Correction for ‘A new computational strategy to calculate the edge energy of a relaxed step. Calcite (CaCO3) as a case study’ by M. Bruno et al., CrystEngComm, 2021, 23, 7340–7347, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CE01119G.
Optimizing electro-strain via manipulating the oxygen octahedral structure in BF–BT-based ceramics
Authors: Li Bing , Guo Junfei , Zhong Shizhao , Zheng Ting , Wu Jiagang
Published: November 2022

The origin of improved electrostrain property is the synergic contributions including symmetrical O–O and Fe–O bond lengths and a certain degree of oxygen octahedral tilt, as well as miniaturized maze-like domain structure.
Controlling the distribution of aluminum in a Cu–zeolite catalyst by seed-assisted synthesis to improve its NH3-SCR activity
Authors: Lee Hwangho , Kim Jonghyun , Song Inhak , Jeon Se Won , Cho Sung June , Kim Do Heui
Published: November 2022

Seed-assisted synthesis controls the Al distribution of KFI zeolite, which gives rise to a superior SCR activity of Cu-KFI catalyst by mediating Cu–framework interactions.
Hawthorn flavonoid ameliorates cognitive deficit in mice with Alzheimer's disease by increasing the levels of Bifidobacteriales in gut microbiota and docosapentaenoic acid in serum metabolites
Authors: Zhang Jinxuan , Hao Junyu , Liu Ran , Wu Tao , Liu Rui , Sui Wenjie , Zhang Min
Published: November 2022

Hawthorn flavonoid Ameliorates Cognitive Deficit by improving oxidative stress, Aβ accumulation, abnormal activation of microglia, gut microbiota disturbance and serum metabolic disorder in AD mice. It might be considered as a diet supplement to regulate Alzheimer's disease.
Asymmetric seed passivation for regioselective overgrowth and formation of plasmonic nanobowls
Authors: Woessner Zachary J. , Lewis George R. , Bueno Sandra L. A. , Ringe Emilie , Skrabalak Sara E.
Published: November 2022

Use of asymmetrically passivated seeds provides a pathway to regioselective overgrowth and nanoparticles with exciting plasmonic properties.
Gradient isoselective ring-opening polymerization of racemic cyclic diolide driven by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis
Authors: Liu Junbao , Wang Jianqun , Li Maosheng , Tao Youhua
Published: November 2022

Commercially available binaphthol-derived chiral phosphoric acid organocatalysts were demonstrated to enable chemo- and stereoselective ROP of rac-cyclic diolide, yielding gradient isotactic multiblock poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB).
Multivariate indium–organic frameworks for highly efficient carbon dioxide capture and electrocatalytic conversion
Authors: Wang Shuo , Wang Ying , Huo Jia-Min , Yuan Wen-Yu , Zhang Peng , Li Shu-Ni , Zhai Quan-Guo
Published: November 2022

A series of trinuclear indium–organic frameworks was synthesized and this work demonstrates that bimetallic engineering is a promising strategy for efficient CO2 capture and electrocatalytic CO2 conversion.
Concise total synthesis of (±)-pileamartines A and B
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Taimin , Zhou Xin , Fang Lijing , Zhang Chen , Zhai Hongbin , Cheng Bin
Published: November 2022

A concise total synthesis of (±)-pileamartines A and B, a pair of alkaloids sharing an unprecedented tetracyclic skeleton, was achieved in 9 and 8 linear steps, respectively.
A highly active Z-scheme SnS/Zn2SnO4 photocatalyst fabricated for methylene blue degradation
Authors: Wang Yingjing , Xu Fen , Sun Lixian , Li Yaying , Liao Lumin , Guan Yanxun , Lao Jianhao , Yang Yukai , Zhou Tianhao , Wang Yu , Li Bin , Zhang Kexiang , Zou Yongjin
Published: November 2022

Herein, a highly active Z-scheme SnS/Zn2SnO4 photocatalyst is fabricated by a one-step hydrothermal route.
Enhanced pseudocapacitive energy storage and thermal stability of Sn2+ ion-intercalated molybdenum titanium carbide (Mo2TiC2) MXene
Authors: Ali Irfan , Haider Zulqarnain , Rizwan Syed
Published: November 2022

Electrochemical energy-storage (EES) devices are a major part of energy-storage systems for industrial and domestic applications.
Lithium sensors based on photophysical changes of 1-aza-12-crown-4 naphthalene derivatives synthesized via Buchwald–Hartwig amination
Authors: Kim Haneul , Koo Byungjin
Published: November 2022

Lithium sensor based on 1-aza-12-crown-4 naphthalene that can detect lithium ions through absorption and emission changes with the detection limit of 21 μM in an organic solvent.
Controlled monodefluorination and alkylation of C(sp3)–F bonds by lanthanide photocatalysts: importance of metal–ligand cooperativity
Authors: Kynman Amy E. , Elghanayan Luca K. , Desnoyer Addison N. , Yang Yan , Sévery Laurent , Di Giuseppe Andrea , Tilley T. Don , Maron Laurent , Arnold Polly L.
Published: November 2022

The controlled functionalization of a single fluorine in a CF3group is difficult and rare. Photochemical C–F bond functionalization is achieved using catalysts made from a range of earth-abundant lanthanides by using a ligand that enables M–L cooperativity.
Data storage architectures to accelerate chemical discovery: data accessibility for individual laboratories and the community
Authors: Duke Rebekah , Bhat Vinayak , Risko Chad
Published: November 2022

With the increasing emphasis on data sharing, reproducibility, and replicability, big-data analytics, and machine learning, chemists must consider database management systems for their laboratory's data storage, management, and accessibility.
Hydrodynamic interactions hinder transport of flow-driven colloidal particles
Authors: Lips Dominik , Cereceda-López Eric , Ortiz-Ambriz Antonio , Tierno Pietro , Ryabov Artem , Maass Philipp
Published: November 2022

For colloidal particles driven along a ring of optical traps by a vortex flow, hydrodynamic interactions enhance the energetic barriers between the traps. This can induce jamming at high particle densities.
Dynamic mechanical analysis of suspended soft bodies via hydraulic force spectroscopy
Authors: Berardi Massimiliano , Gnanachandran Kajangi , Jiang Jieke , Bielawski Kevin , Visser Claas W. , Lekka Małgorzata , Akca B. Imran
Published: November 2022

We present a new approach for the microrheological characterization of soft suspended bodies. We obtain results comparable to AFM based dynamic nanoindentation. We discuss viscoelastic and poroelastic contributions to material behavior.
Smart supramolecular photoresponsive gelator with long-alkyl chain azobenzene incorporated sugar derivatives for recycling aromatic solvents and sequestration of cationic dyes
Authors: Rabecca Jenifer V. , Mohan Das Thangamuthu
Published: November 2022

Smart supramolecular photoresponsive azobenzene-based sugar organogelators are reported, which can be used to remove aromatic solvents from the aqueous organic solvent mixture and can also effectively remove cationic dyes.
Benzotriazole based polymers with different side chains employed as dopant-free hole-transporting materials for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yao Lu , You Guofeng , Wang Xuelin , He Zhichao , Zhou Zhonggao , Li Kan , Zhen Hongyu , Ling Qidan
Published: November 2022

Two benzotriazole based polymers with different side chains are developed as dopant-free hole-transporting materials for n–i–p perovskite solar cells. PBTA-26 bearing ethylhexyl side chains endow the device with an efficiency of 19.83%.
An embedded intrusion detection and prevention system for home area networks in advanced metering infrastructure
Authors: Qaddoori Sahar Lazim , Ali Qutaiba Ibrahim
Published: November 2022

With the widespread adoption of smart metres in the power sector, anomaly detection has become a critical tool for analysing customers' unusual consumption patterns and network traffic. Detecting anomalies in power consumption and communication is primarily a real‐time big data analytics issue regarding data mining along with a vast number of parallel streaming data from smart metres. In this study, an embedded Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) is proposed as a Wifi‐based smart metre for Home Area Networks (HANs) in the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) network. So, the proposed system employs one machine learning model based on IDPS to guard the HAN network from various attacks that utilise the Message Queueing Telemetry Transport protocol between the smart metre and IoT sensors. Also, it uses two machine learning models to detect the abnormality in periodic and daily data metering respectively. So, multiple algorithms have been used to find the suitable algorithm for each of the three anomaly detection models. These models have been evaluated and tested using real data sets regarding resources usage and detection performance to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of using machine learning algorithms in the built anomaly detection models. The experiments show that the anomaly detection models performed well for various abnormalities.
Randomly Flipped Chip based signal power authentication for GNSS civilian signals
Authors: Muzi Yuan , Xiaomei Tang , Pengyue Sun , Yangbo Huang , Gang Ou
Published: November 2022

The navigation signal authentication schemes protect GNSS services from spoofing attacks by attaching unforgeable information to signals. In this study, Randomly Flipped Chip based Signal Power Authentication (RFC‐SPA), is proposed to jointly authenticate the navigation message and spreading code of GNSS civilian signals. Designed to support two modes of authentication (fast channel and slow channel), the proposed scheme employs a fixed amount of flipped chips, which are randomly distributed in some areas of the spreading code to form a relative fluctuation in the correlation result of the signal. The fast channel is a spreading code authentication (SCA) of these flipped chips, which is the same as the Chimera. In the slow channel, since the correlation results between the local periodical spreading code and the signal in areas with flipped chips will be smaller than those results in areas without flipped chips, receivers in the tracking correlation can extract this fluctuation. Since the fluctuation modulates a digital signature, receivers can verify the authenticity of both the navigation message and spreading code through the authentication of this digital signature. Compared with mainstream schemes, RFC‐SPA requires no extra tracking channel and has no impact on the navigation message. Besides, the proposed scheme maintains a similar robustness and security performance while significantly reducing the storage requirement compared with SCA. The scheme is demonstrated in a proposed implementation for Beidou B1C civilian signal, and the performance metrics are analysed. In the proposed implementation, the detection possibility is higher than 99.7% at 35dBHz of C/N0, and only 33.6% of the storage is required compared with the suggested configuration of the Chimera scheme for the GPS L1C civilian signal.
Li-rich and super Li-rich giants produced by element diffusion
Authors: Gao Jun , Zhu Chunhua , Yu Jinlong , Liu Helei , Lu Xizhen , Shi Jianrong , Lü Guoliang
Published: November 2022

Context.About 0.2−2% of giant stars are Li rich, that is to say their lithium abundance (A(Li)) is higher than 1.5 dex. Nearly 6% of these Li-rich giant stars are super Li rich, with an A(Li) exceeding 3.2 dex. Meanwhile, the formation mechanism of these Li-rich and super Li-rich giants is still under debate.

Aims.Considering the compact He core of red giants, attention is paid to the effect of element diffusion on A(Li). In particular, when the He-core flash occurs, element diffusion makes the thermohaline mixing zone extend inward and connect to the inner convection region of stars. Then, a large amount of7Be produced by the He flash can be transferred to the stellar surface, finally turning into7Li. Thus, the goal of this work is to propose the mechanism of A(Li) enrichment and achieve consistency between the theoretical and observation data.

Methods.Using the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) stellar evolution code, we simulated the evolution of low-mass stars, considering the effects of element diffusion on the Li abundances. The timescale ratio of Li-rich giants to normal giants was estimated using the population synthesis method. Then we obtained the theoretical value of A(Li) and made a comparison with observations.

Results.Considering the influence of element diffusion in the model results in the increase of the lithium abundance up to about 1.8 dex, which can reveal Li-rich giants. Simultaneously, introducing high constant diffusive mixing coefficients (Dmix) with the values from 1011to 1015cm2s−1in the model allows the A(Li) to increase from 2.4 to 4.5 dex, which can explain most of the Li-rich and super Li-rich giant stars. The population synthesis method reveals that the amount of Li-rich giants is about 0.2−2% of all giants, which is consistent with observation estimated levels.

Conclusions.In our models the element diffusion, mainly triggered by the gravity field, changes the mean molecular weight at the junction zone between the stellar envelope and the He core, which makes the thermohaline mixing region expand to the inner convection region of stars. A transport channel, efficiently transporting7Be in the hydrogen-burning region of the star to the convective envelope where7Be decays into7Li, is formed. Combining high constant diffusive mixing coefficients, the transport channel can explain the origin of Li-rich and super Li-rich giants, even the most super Li-rich giants.
How to create Sgr A East
Authors: Ehlerová S. , Palouš J. , Morris M. R. , Wünsch R. , Barna B. , Vermot P.
Published: November 2022

Context. Sgr A East is the supernova remnant closest to the centre of the Milky Way. Its age has been estimated to be either very young, around 1–2 kyr, or about 10 kyr, and its exact origin remains unclear.

Aims. We aspire to create a simple model of a supernova explosion that reproduces the shape, size, and location of Sgr A East.

Methods. Using a simplified hydrodynamical code, we simulated the evolution of a supernova remnant in the medium around the Galactic centre. The latter consists of a nearby massive molecular cloud with which Sgr A East is known to be interacting and a wind from the nuclear star cluster.

Results. Our preferred models of the Sgr A East remnant are compatible with an age of around 10 kyr. We also find suitable solutions for older ages, but not for ages younger than 5 kyr. Our simulations predict that the supernova exploded at a distance of about 3.5 pc from the Galactic centre, below the Galactic plane, slightly eastwards from the centre and 3 pc behind it.