bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação popular de base comunitária e pedagogia do comum: memória, trajetória e desafios
Authors: Osorio Vargas Jorge
Published: December 2020

O artigo é parte de um projeto do autor que, ao lado de educadores e educadoras da América Latina e do Caribe, pretende recuperar a memória da educação popular e seus critérios de análise acerca da trajetória como educadores e educadoras dos núcleos problemáticos do itinerário histórico-pedagógico dos organizadores de educação popular de base comunitária. A partir dessa perspectiva textual-biográfica são retomados, conforme os critérios do autor, os novos signos que ressignificam a educação popular em uma pedagogia do comum.Palavras-chave: Educação popular; Educação comunitária; Pedagogias; Biograficidade. ABSTRACT: This article is part of the author's project that together with educators from Latin America and the Caribbean intend to recover their memory about popular educacion and their analysis criteria about their trajectory as educators, and the problematic knots of the historical-pedagogical itinerary of community-based popular education organizations. According to the author's criteria, from this biographical perspective the new signs re-signify popular education as a pedagogy of the common.Keywords: Popular education; Communitarian education; Pedagogies; Biograficity.
Principals' role in capacity development of post level one teachers for school leadership
Authors: Khanyi Jabulani Goodwill , Naidoo Parvathy
Published: December 2020

This study was undertaken to explore the role of principals in the capacity development of post level one teachers for school leadership positions. The success of a school and its attendant learner achievement depends largely on good school leadership.  Thus, it is highly unlikely that poor or ineffective school leadership will lead to successful schools. This study argues that it is the responsibility of principals to ensure that ample opportunities exist for leadership development of post level one teachers. A qualitative research approach was selected to investigate the role principals play in building leadership capacity in post level one teachers. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with ten (10) participants at two (2) schools: one (1) principal and four (4) post level one teachers per school.  The findings indicated that in both schools there was leadership capacity development taking place, but notably in different forms. It became clear that only some teachers in the participating schools were receiving adequate or effective leadership capacity development. A significant finding of this study is that principals play a fundamental role in the creation of subcommittees to enhance leadership capacity for post level one teachers. The study highlights the need that sub-committees be given sufficient authority and power to make decisions that benefit both the development of teacher leadership as well as improve teaching and learning in schools. Lastly, the study recommends that a five-year leadership capacity building program, as an internal in-service program, be introduced for all post level one teachers in schools to aid leadership capacity development.
Problem-based learning training and implementation: An analysis using semantics in Legitimation Code Theory
Authors: Hassan Salochana Lorraine
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on Problem-based Learning (PBL) training within a Teaching Development Programme (TDP) and the subsequent application of PBL by candidates, as respondents in this study.  An analysis of the training, which followed a medical model approach, is provided, as is the implementation of PBL within the various disciplinary contexts of the respondents.  Legitimation Code Theory (LCT), specifically semantics, was applied as a conceptual tool in the analyses.   
The data for the study was gathered through: face-to-face interviews with alumni of the TDP; document analysis and reflective journal entries of the researcher. The findings are explained in terms of strengthening and weakening of semantic density (SD) and semantic gravity (SG).
It was found that the adoption of the medical model for training academics, who came from various disciplines, might have resulted in over-contextualisation, which could have compromised the re-contextualisation of knowledge within the various disciplines.  The findings also showed that respondents found it challenging to implement PBL in its pure form and needed to adapt the application of PBL to meet the unique requirements of their discipline.  Therefore, it is important to consider the diverse nature of disciplines when implementing PBL.
Críticas ao paradigma hegemônico eurocêntrico: por uma proposta pedagógica descolonial na perspectiva do Buen Vivir
Authors: Bueno Bady Janaína , Ferreira da Silva Gilberto
Published: December 2020

In this work we present the concept of Bien Vivir or Buen Vivir / Sumac Kawsay, its origins and divergences. Buen Vivir appears as the constitutional principle of the new plurinational constitutions of Bolivia, Ecuador and Venezuela, proposing a community paradigm and collective constructions of life form. It is also presented as a way of thinking that is based on the Andean worldview, going against the process of colonization and subalternization of the historical subjects in Latin America, proposing other social practices, epistemologies, different forms of relationship with nature and contrary visions of the logic of neoliberal capitalism. We point to the need for a "decolonial" pedagogical proposal, in the perspective of Buen Vivir that denounces the new forms of slavery that act on the consciences and seek an epistemic reunion, ours, of the subalternized peoples, aiming at the rescue of a full life, in harmony with Mother Earth (Pachamama)
E-Learning Challenges in Iran: A Research Synthesis
Authors: Abbasi Kasani Hamed , Shams Mourkani Gholamreza , Seraji Farhad , Rezaeizadeh Morteza , Abedi Hojjat
Published: December 2020

This study investigates and fully identifies the challenges of the Iranian e-learning system. The approach was qualitative and the method was research synthesis. The statistical population consisted of studies from 2006 to 2019 in the field of challenges of the e-learning system of Iran collected with specific keywords from the country’s databases. A total of 48 studies were identified as relevant. They were screened in stages and evaluated based on their title, abstract, and content. The final 19 articles selected underwent content analysis, revealing that Iran’s e-learning system faces problems in eight dimensions: legal, human, educational, technological, sociocultural, support, economic, and managerial-organizational. The results of the analysis could serve as a model for countries with similar technology infrastructure and cultural features wishing to improve their e-learning systems.
Optimasi Metode dan Uji Stabilitas pada Penetapan Kadar Filantin dalam Ekstrak Phyllanthus niruri Menggunakan KLT-Densitometri
Authors: Nurhayati Rachma , Primaharinastiti Riesta , Yuwono Mochamad
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Filantin merupakan senyawa lignan utama pada Phyllanthus niruri yang menunjukkan aktivitas hepatoprotektif. Untuk keperluan standardisasi ekstrak, metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)-densitometri yang sederhana dan selektif telah dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan filantin sebagai marker fitokimia. Tujuan: Untuk menetapkan kondisi analisis KLT-densitometri yang optimal dan mengevaluasi stabilitas filantin. Metode: Penentuan kondisi optimal analisis dilakukan dengan cara menentukan komposisi fase gerak, panjang gelombang analisis, waktu penjenuhan bejana, jarak elusi dan volume penotolan. Uji stabilitas filantin dilakukan dengan menganalisis larutan standar dan ekstrak pada 0, 4, 8 dan 24 jam. Hasil: Komposisi fase gerak terpilih yang menghasilkan pemisahan yang baik dan bentuk puncak yang simetris yaitu toluen : etil asetat : asam format (15 : 10,5 : 1,5 v/v/v) dengan panjang gelombang 279 nm, waktu penjenuhan bejana 60 menit, jarak elusi 8 cm dan volume penotolan 10 µL. Uji stabilitas larutan uji menunjukkan adanya penurunan area dan pergeseran Rf pada waktu penyimpanan. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini telah diperoleh kondisi optimal untuk analisis filantin. Kondisi optimal yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk uji stabilitas tahap pre-validasi metode. Filantin tidak stabil selama penyimpanan, sehingga larutan baku dan ekstrak sebaiknya dibuat baru ketika akan dilakukan analisis untuk menjamin stabilitas.
Penentuan Setting Prioritas Pengembangan Industri Kopi Biji Di Indonesia: Aplikasi Model Goal Programming
Authors: Paramu Hadi , Fathorrozi Moh.
Published: December 2020

This research aims to determine a priority setting in the development of Indonesian coffee bean industry that can sustain the industry using Goal Programming technique. Based on the number policies, 18 goal programming models formulating some priority setting possibilities had been developed. The validation on the value of decision variables in the model showed that there are six valid models. The result suggested that (1) the development policy has to be prioritized to ensure the supply of plantation inputs, (2) the policy of conversion of Robusta areas to Arabica has to consider the economical and biological aspects, (3) the develop-ment policy has to be directed to export and domestic consumption promotion since the industry is considered as an export maximizing and able to satisfy the domestic consumption, and (4) the development policy has to consider the possibility of target conflicts so that a priority setting will not burden the industry economically.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Komitmen Afektif, Komitmen Normatif, Komitmen Kontinuan Serta Loyalitas Nasabah Debitur Pada Pt. Bank Kalbar Di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Afifah Nur
Published: December 2020

Perusahaan perbankan saat ini harus berupaya semaksimal mungkin untuk menciptakan pengalaman pelanggan terhadap kualitas layanan, dikarenakan memiliki dampak terhadap hasil hubungan pelanggan (Customer Relationship). Salah satu kunci sukses dalam industri perbankan adalah dibutuhkannya interaksi personal dalam bentuk implementasi strategi relationship marketing (pemasaran relasi), hal ini dikarenakan sifat layanan yang tidak berwujud dan tidak bisa dipisahkan dari penyedia layanan dengan demikian lembaga perbankan harus peduli dengan pengembangan dan pengelolaan hubungan dengan pelanggan.Tujuan studi ini mengkaji pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap komitmen afektif, komitmen normatif, komitmen kontinuan serta loyalitas nasabah debitur pada PT. Bank Kalbar di Kalimantan Barat. Hal ini di karenakan, kualitas layanan selain memiliki efek pada komitmen hubungan, kualitas layanan yang disampaikan dapat menjadi motivasi dalam diri nasabah debitur untuk melanjutkan hubungan dengan perusahaan perbankan. Komitmen pelanggan dipandang sebagai faktor kunci dalam retensi pelanggan dan loyalitas, sedangkan kualitas layanan umumnya dipandang sebagai struktur utama yang mendorong loyalitas pelanggan. Dalam studi ini, ukuran kualitas layanan diantaranya, adalah; kualitas interaksi (interaction quality), kualitas lingkungan (environment quality) dan kualitas hasil akhir (outcome quality). Adapun komitmen pelanggan, dalam hal ini dibedakan menjadi tiga yaitu, komitmen afektif, komitmen normatif dan komitmen kontinuan.Sampel dalam studi ini adalah 126 nasabah debitur PT. Bank Kalbar di Kalimantan Barat yang menggunakan kredit untuk kegiatan usaha dan minimal satu kali transaksi peminjaman, dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling untuk menentukan kantor cabang dikarenakan lokasi PT. Bank Kalbar menyebar secara geografis serta proporsional sampel dalam menetapkan jumlah responden pada masing-masing cabang. Teknik analisi data dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil study mengatakan bahwa kualitas layanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap komitmen afektif, komitmen normatif, dan komitmen kontinuan, dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas, serta komitmen afektif, komitmen normatif dan komitmen kontinuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah debitur PT. Bank Kalbar di Kalimantan Barat.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Dan Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen King Cake
Authors: Maria Monica , Anshori Mohamad Yusak
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of this research is to identify the influence of product quality (X1) and service quality (X2) towards King Cake’s customer satisfaction (Y). The population of this research is King Cake’s customers. The sample size is 63 respondents. Respondents are selected using non-probability sampling, which is Purposive Sampling. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis. The validity and reliability testing to each indicator is taken before performing the multiple linear regression analysis. The research shows that  product quality (X1) and service quality (X2) significantly influences King Cake’s customer satisfaction (Y). The finding shows that service quality (X2) gives more significant value towards customer satisfaction (Y) than product quality (X1) does.
Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori Bauran Pemasaran Untuk Penciptaan Brand Image Pisang Mas Kirana (Musa Acuminate) Kabupaten Lumajang
Authors: Kurniawan Bagus Putu Yudhia
Published: December 2020

Economic developments in Lumajang still based on agriculture sector. One of the major agricultural commodities in Lumajang with patented flagship product is the “Pisang Mas Kirana”. Characteristics of “Pisang Mas Kirana” is no different than other agricultural commodities, which is easily broken and consumed in a fresh state, so it needs special treatment in post-harvest handling and the right strategy for the marketing of “Pisang Mas Kirana” to be effective and efficient. One marketing strategy that is widely used is to analyze the marketing mix “Pisang Mas Kirana”. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of each indicator with the marketing mix variables that influence and contribute to the creation of the brand image of “Pisang Mas Kirana”, with the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method to estimate the model parameters. The analysis technique used in this study is a confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the perception of respondents  study to the marketing mix and brand image “Pisang Mas Kirana” were good. Most powerful indicator as a measuring product variable was the color, while the weakest was the packaging. Most powerful indicator as a measure of price variables were price variations, while the weakest was the price of “Pisang Mas Kirana”. Most powerful indicator variable as a measure of the distribution channel was location, while the weakest was transportation. Most powerful indicator as a measure of promotion variable was the media of the promotion, while the weakest was clear information. Most powerful indicator variable as a measure of brand image was the image of the consumer, while the weakest were the image makers.
Generating New FANCA-Deficient HNSCC Cell Lines by Genomic Editing Recapitulate the Cellular Phenotypes of Fanconi Anemia
Authors: Errazquin Ricardo , Sieiro Esther , Moreno Pilar , Ramirez María José , Lorz Corina , Peral Jorge , Casado Jose Antonio , Roman-Rodriguez Francisco Jose , Hanenberg Helmut , Rio Paula , Surralles Jordi , Segrelles Carmen , Garcia-Escudero Ramon
Published: December 2020

Fanconi anemia (FA) patients have an exacerbated risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Treatment is challenging as FA patients display enhanced toxicity to standard treatments, including radio/chemotherapy. Therefore better therapies as well as new disease models are urgently needed. We have used CRISPR/Cas9 editing tools in order to interrupt the human FANCA gene by the generation of insertions/deletions (indels) in exon 4 in two cancer cell lines from sporadic HNSCC having no mutation in FA-genes: CAL27 and CAL33 cells. Our approach allowed efficient editing, subsequent purification of single-cell clones, and Sanger sequencing validation at the edited locus. Clones having frameshift indels in homozygosis did not express FANCA protein and were selected for further analysis. When compared with parental CAL27 and CAL33, FANCA-mutant cell clones displayed a FA-phenotype as they i) are highly sensitive to DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) agents such as mitomycin C (MMC) or cisplatin, ii) do not monoubiquitinate FANCD2 upon MMC treatment and therefore iii) do not form FANCD2 nuclear foci, and iv) they display increased chromosome fragility and G2 arrest after diepoxybutane (DEB) treatment. These FANCA-mutant clones display similar growth rates as their parental cells. Interestingly, mutant cells acquire phenotypes associated with more aggressive disease, such as increased migration in wound healing assays. Therefore, CAL27 and CAL33 cells with FANCA mutations are phenocopies of FA-HNSCC cells.
Gender Differences in Knowledge, Attitude and Preparedness to Respond to COVID-19 among Adult Population in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sultana Mst. Sadia , Khan Abid Hasan , Islam Md. Raisul , Hossain Sahadat , Hasan M. Tasdik , Kurasaki Masaaki , Sikder Md. Tajuddin
Published: December 2020

Effective pandemic management requires understanding the level of community knowledge, attitude of people and preparedness towards COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and preparedness toward COVID-2019 among Bangladeshi general people. A cross sectional survey was conducted from 20th March 2020 to 20th April 2020 among 1007 Bangladeshi adult people. A convenience sampling strategy was utilized and the data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to identify the gender differences regarding knowledge, attitude and preparedness towards COVID-19. Respondents predominately used social media to inform themselves about COVID-19 (68.10%) and female used social media more than male (p<0.001). Female had more correct knowledge about staying home with sickness and/or symptoms to contain the COVID-19 transmission (p=.02). While male had more negative attitude about staying out during the pandemic than female (<0.001) and men were less likely to take preventative measures than female counterparts. A number of people were still believing the myths like “COVID-19 can transmit via mosquito” (9.14%) and male had more incorrect knowledge regarding this (p<0.001). Moreover, 17.81% of the respondents thought that COVID-19 can spread in warm weather. Some findings are directing us to a knowledge gap among general population in Bangladesh which calls for uncovering those aspects. Adequate and effective communication are necessary so that general people can stay alert with positive attitude and hygienic practices to fight against this ongoing crisis.
Theory of g-Tg-Derived and g-Tg-Coderived Operators: Definitions, Essential Properties, Iterations, and Ranks
Authors: KHODABOCUS Mohammad Irshad , SOOKIA Noor-Ul-Hacq
Published: December 2020

In a generalized topological space Tg = (Ω, Tg) (Tg-space), the g-topology Tg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω) can be characterized in the generalized sense by specifying the generalized open, generalized closed sets (g-Tg-open, g-Tg-closed sets), generalized interior, generalized closure operators g-Intg, g-Clg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω) (g-Tg-interior, g-Tg-closure operators), or generalized derived, generalized coderived operators g-Derg, g-Codg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω) (g-Tg-derived, g-Tg-coderived operators), respectively. For very many Tg-spaces, the δth-iterates g-Derg(δ), g-Codg(δ) : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω) of g-Derg, g-Codg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), respectively, defined by transfinite recursion on the class of successor ordinals are also themselves g-Tg-derived, g-Tg-coderived operators for new g-topologies in the generalized sense on Ω. Thus, the use of novel definitions of g-Tg-derived, g-Tg-coderived operators g-Derg, g-Codg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), respectively, based on a very clever construction, together with their δth-iterates g-Tg-operators g-Derg(δ), g-Codg(δ) : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), defined by transfinite recursion on the class of successor ordinals, will give rise to novel generalized g-topologies on Ω. The present authors have been actively engaged in the study of g-Tg-operators in Tg-spaces. The study of the essential properties and the commutativity of novel definitions of g-Tg-interior and g-Tg-closure operators g-Intg, g-Clg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), respectively, in Tg has formed the first part, and the study of the essential properties and sets of consistent, independent axioms of novel definitions of g-Tg-exterior and g-Tg-frontier operators g-Extg, g-Frg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), respectively, has formed the second part. In this work, which forms the last part on the theory of g-Tg-operators in Tg-spaces, the present authors propose to present novel definitions and the study of the essential properties of g-Tg-derived and g-Tg-coderived operators g-Derg, g-Codg : P (Ω) −→ P (Ω), respectively, and their δth-iterates, and the notions of g-Tg-open and g-Tg-closed sets of ranks δ in Tg-spaces.
Two-Excitation Routing via Linear Quantum Channels
Authors: Apollaro Tony John George , Chetcuti Wayne Jordan
Published: December 2020

Routing quantum information among different nodes in a network is a fundamental prerequisite for a quantum internet. While single-qubit routing has been largely addressed, many-qubit routing protocols have not been intensively investigated so far. Building on the many-excitation transfer protocol in Ref. , we apply the perturbative transfer scheme to a two-excitation routing protocol on a network where multiple two-receivers block are coupled to a linear chain. We address both the case of switchable and permanent couplings between the receivers and the chain. We find that the protocol allows for efficient two-excitation routing on a fermionic network, although for a spin-12 network only a limited region of the network is suitable for high-quality routing.
SKRINING POTENSI PROBIOTIK DAN SITOTOKSIK BAKTERI Weisella confusa ISOLAT DANGKE SAPI
Authors: Djide Nana Juniarti Natsir , Asri Rangga Meidianto
Published: December 2020

Kasus kanker kolorektal mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya di seluruh dunia. Salah satu upaya pencegahan kanker kolorektal ialah melalui konsumsi probiotik. Weisella confusa tergolong dalam kelompok bakteri asam laktat, isolasi bakteri ini dangke merupakan hal yang baru dan aktivitas probiotik dari isolat ini belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji sifat probiotik W. confusa isolat dangke dan potensi sitotoksiknya terhadap larva udang Artemia salina sebagai skrining awal efek antikanker. Metode pengujian sifat probiotik meliputi uji toleransi terhadap pH rendah dan uji toleransi terhadap garam empedu. Skrining efek sitotoksik dilakukan menggunakan metode BSLT(Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) menggunakan hasil fermentasi 72 jam dari isolat. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, W. confusa isolat dangke menunjukkan sifat toleran terhadap pH 2 dan garam empedu 0,3%. Hasil uji sitotoksikmenunjukkan bahwa filtrat hasil fermentasi memiliki nilai LC50 lebih dari 1000 µg/ml yang menandakan sampel tidak berefek sitotoksik.Disimpulkan bahwabakteri W.confusa isolat dangke menunjukkan potensi sebagai probiotik namun tidak bersifat sitotoksik sehingga tidak berpotensi untuk dilanjutkan pada uji antiproliferasi terhadap sel kanker. Pengujian aktivitas biologis lainnya disarankan untuk mengetahui potensi lain dari bakteri ini.
Pengenalan Pola Garis Telapak Tangan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Fajriani Nurul
Published: December 2020

Abstrak Pengenalan telapak tangan merupakan sistem biometrik yang digunakan untuk pengenalan individu pada penggunaan proses autentikasi atau password untuk mendapatkan hak akses. Ini karena telapak tangan memiliki karakteristik unik, dan cenderung stabil. Selain itu, pengenalan telapak tangan tidak mengganggu kenyamanan seseorang saat pengambilan citra. Namun hingga kini masih ada kendala pada sistem pengenalan telapak tangan. Seperti gambar garis telapak yang tidak dalam kondisi baik untuk dikenali, karena  diambil dengan menggunakan kamera biasa. Oleh karena itu,. Untuk mendapatkan pengenalan pola telapak tangan yang baik, penelitian ini menggunakan ekstraksi fitur morfologi dan pengenalan pola garis telapak tangan dengan metode Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN). Berdasarkan hasil percobaan yang dilakukan, penggunaan metode Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN) dalam pengenalan pola garis telapak tangan diperoleh nilai akurasi tertinggi sebesar 93%, dan untuk nilai akurasi rata-rata sebesar 82,6%. Kata kunci: Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN), Pengenalan Telapak Tangan  Abstract The introduction of the palms is a biometric system used for individual recognition on the use of the authentication process or password to gain access rights. This is because the palms have unique characteristics, and tend to be stable. In addition, the introduction of the palm does not interfere with one's comfort when taking the image. But until now there are still obstacles in the system of recognition of the palm of the hand. Such as palm line drawings that are not in good condition to be recognized, as taken with ordinary camera. Therefore,. To obtain a good palm line image, this study used morphological feature extraction and palm pattern recognition using the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN) method. Based on the experimental results, the use of Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN) method in recognition of palm pattern pattern obtained the highest accuracy value of 93%, and for the average accuracy value of 82.6%.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA SVM UNTUK ANALISIS SENTIMEN PADA DATA TWITTER KOMISI PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Darwis Dedi , Pratiwi Eka Shintya , Pasaribu A Ferico Octaviansyah
Published: December 2020

KPK RI merupakan lembaga terdepan yang memiliki kuasa penuh dan diharuskan untuk memberikan kinerja yang baik dalam memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Namun dengan berkembangnya zaman, menjadikan masyarakat semakin mudah berselancar di media sosial untuk mengetahui informasi, dan bertukar informasi atau opini ke publik tanpa dibatasi ruang dan waktu. Media sosial twitter merupakan sala satu sosial media yang dijadikan sebagai wadah menampung opini tersebut. Metode klasifikasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan ekstraksi fitur menggunakan TF-IDF. Dari 2000 data hasil twitter crawling, penelitian ini menghasilkan 1890 data dan 3846 term/kata dari hasil preprocessing lalu dihitung nilai dari kemunculan kata untuk labeling yang menghasilkan sentimen positif, negatif dan netral. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dihasilkan, penerapan metode SVM menghasilkan nilai Akurasi sebesar 82% dan menghasilkan sentimen dengan label negatif lebih besar dengan jumlah 77%, label positif 8% dan label netral 25%.
A Modified Support Vector Machine Classifiers Using Stochastic Gradient Descent with Application to Leukemia Cancer Type Dataset
Authors: Mahdi Ghadeer Jasim
Published: December 2020

Support vector machines (SVMs) are supervised learning models that analyze data for classification or regression. For classification, SVM is widely used by selecting an optimal hyperplane that separates two classes. SVM has very good accuracy and extremally robust comparing with some other classification methods such as logistics linear regression, random forest, k-nearest neighbor and naïve model. However, working with large datasets can cause many problems such as time-consuming and inefficient results. In this paper, the SVM has been modified by using a stochastic Gradient descent process. The modified method, stochastic gradient descent SVM (SGD-SVM), checked by using two simulation datasets. Since the classification of different cancer types is important for cancer diagnosis and drug discovery, SGD-SVM is applied for classifying the most common leukemia cancer type dataset. The results that are gotten using SGD-SVM are much accurate than other results of many studies that used the same leukemia datasets.
Biomechanical Properties in Different Types of Thin Corneas in Menoufia Population
Authors: Zaky Adel Galal , Ellakwa Amin Faisal , Basiony Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: December 2020

Background:To evaluate and compare corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) in normal thin (NT) healthy corneas with central corneal thickness (CCT) 470-500 µm with matched thickness in keratoconus suspect (KCS) and keratoconus (KC) and eyes.Methods: A total of 103 eyes in three groups were included prospectively: NT, KCS and KC groups based on clinical examination and pentacam findings. Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were measured by the ocular response analyzer (ORA). CCT ,CH and CRF were compared between the three groups and statistically analyzed by variance tests.Results:The three groups consisted of 44 NT, 26 KCS, and 33 KC. The mean CH measured was 8.689 ± 1.775, 9.051 ± 1.1190 and 8.129 ± 0.8539 mmHg in NT, KCS and KC eyes, respectively. The mean CRF was 8.441 ± 1.663, 8.337 ± 1.114 and 7.2422 ± 1.3110 mmHg in NT, KCS and KC eyes, respectively. Within range of central corneal thickness (470 – 500 µm), only mean CRF was statistically significantly different between the NT and KC (P < 0.05); there was no statistically significant difference between NT and KCS, nor the mean CH between each group (P > 0.05).Conclusions: CRF only can be helpful in differentiating KC from NT eyes; KCS could not be predicted with either corneal biomechanical metrics. No benefit from CH in differentiating between the three study groups.
Bacteraemia Variation During The COVID-19 Pandemic; A Multi-Centre UK Secondary Care Ecological Analysis.
Authors: Denny Sarah , Rawson Timothy M , Satta Giovanni , Pallett Scott JC , Abdulaal Ahmed , Hughes Stephen , Gilchrist Mark , Mughal Nabeela , Moore Luke S P
Published: December 2020

Objectives – We investigated for change in blood stream infections (BSI) with Enterobacterales, coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus during the first UK wave of SARS-CoV-2 across six London hospitals.Methods – A retrospective multicentre ecological analysis was undertaken evaluating all blood cultures taken from adults from 01 April 2017 to 30 April 2020 across six acute hospitals in London. Linear trend analysis and ARIMA models allowing for seasonality were used to look for significant variation.Results –119,584 blood cultures were included. At the height of the UK SARS-CoV-2 first wave in April 2020, Enterobacterales bacteraemias were at an historic low across two London trusts (63/3814, 1.65%), whilst CoNS were at an historic high (173/3814, 4.25%). This differed significantly for both Enterobacterales (p=0.013) and CoNS (p<0.01), when compared with prior periods, even allowing for seasonal variation. S. pneumoniae (p=0.631) and S. aureus (p=0.617) BSI did not vary significant throughout the study period.Conclusions – Significantly fewer than expected Enterobacteriales BSI occurred during the UK peak of the COVID-19 pandemic; identifying potential causes, including potential unintended consequences of national self-isolation public health messaging, is essential. High rates of CoNS BSI, presumably representing contamination associated with increased use of personal protective equipment, may result in inappropriate antimicrobial use and indicates a clear area for intervention during further waves.
Spatio-temporal Bamboo Forest Dynamics in the Lower Beles River Basin, North-western Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Shiferaw , Minale Amare Sewnet , Teketay Demel
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Bamboo forests, which are an integral part of the eco-system and an important source of socio-economic life for rural communities in the vast savannah lowlands of Ethiopia, are experiencing significant changes. Therefore, examining bamboo forest cover changes and identifying responsible drivers for the changes are of the greatest importance for sustainable management of these useful resources. This study was intended to examine the spatio-temporal bamboo forest dynamics in the Lower Beles River Basin, north-western Ethiopia. Method: A combination of pixel-based hybrid classification techniques and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was employed to analyze bamboo forest cover changes from 1985 – 2019. Focus group discussions, questionnaire, key informant interview and observation were used to identify the drivers for bamboo forest cover change. Results: The study findings indicate that bamboo has experienced significant spatio-temporal change over the study period (1985 - 2019) in the study District. In the base year (1985), bamboo covered 5.1% (5,277.1 ha) of the study area. Significant decline in bamboo forest had occurred in 2001 when the bamboo forests suffered the greatest devastation and shirked to 1.6%. In 2019, the bamboo has been rehabilitated from degradation and increased significantly. However, the net change over the study periods was negative where the bamboo forests declined by 0.8% (831.14 ha). Conclusion: In conclusion, the observed changes in bamboo forest cover was driven by an interplay of multiple factors. Agricultural land expansion, wildfire, free grazing, lack of regulatory mechanisms and improper harvesting and expansion of settlement areas were the top five drivers respectively while conflict, mass flowering and tenure contributed for the change. Therefore, the bamboo forests deserve great attention, and the results from this study imply the need for the concerted efforts of stakeholders for sustainable management, utilization and conservation of the bamboo resources.
A synthetic RNA editing factor edits its target site in chloroplasts and bacteria
Authors: Royan Santana , Gutmann Bernard , des Francs-Small Catherine Colas , Honkanen Suvi , Schmidberger Jason , Soet Ashley , Sun Yueming , Sanglard Lilian Vincis Pereira , Bond Charles , Small Ian
Published: December 2020

Targeted cytidine to uridine RNA editing is a widespread phenomenon throughout the land plant lineage. Members of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein family act as the specificity factors in this process. These proteins consist of helix-turn-helix domains, each of which recognises a single RNA nucleotide following a well-elucidated code. A cytidine deaminase-like domain (present at the C-terminus of some PPR editing factors or provided in trans via protein-protein interactions) is the catalytic domain in the process. The huge expansion of the PPR superfamily in land plants provides the sequence variation required for design of novel consensus-based RNA-binding proteins. We used this approach to construct a synthetic RNA editing factor designed to target one of the two sites in the Arabidopsis chloroplast transcriptome naturally recognised by the RNA editing factor CHLOROPLAST BIOGENESIS 19 (CLB19). We show that this designed editing factor specifically recognises the target sequence in in vitro binding assays and can partially complement a clb19 mutant. The designed factor is specific for the target rpoA site and does not recognise or edit the other site recognised by CLB19 in the clpP1 transcript. We show that the designed editing factor can function equally specifically in the bacterium E. coli, and shows some activity even in the absence of the editing cofactors that are often required for natural editing factor activity in plants. This study serves as a successful pilot into the design and application of programmable RNA editing factors based on plant PPR proteins.
Graphene Nano-Fiber Composites for Enhanced Neuronal Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells†
Authors: Mohanty Sujata , Jain Krishan Gopal , Rawat Sonali , Gupta Deepika , Raghav Pawan , Chaudhuri Rituparna , . Pinky , Shakeel Adeeba , Arora Varun , Sharma Harshita , Debnath Debika , kalluri Ankarao , Agrawal Ashwini , Jassal Manjeet , Dinda Amit Kumar , Patra Prabir
Published: December 2020

Graphene-based nanocomposites have been extensively employed to design biomimetic platforms epitomizing the structural and functional complexity of the tissue with increased robustness and physiological relevance. The adhesive and mechanical cues provided by such nanocomposite microenvironment kindles the cell fate decisions. Owing to their differentiation and regenerative potential, Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) have proven to be a promising candidate for treating several neurodegenerative disorders. However, their degree of differentiation and its reproducibility is often jeopardized by multiple levels of heterogeneity, thereby compromising their translational utilization. Baffled at this crossroad, we designed a one-step approach to electrospin Poly-caprolactone (PCL) nanocomposite, with varying graphene concentrations, to capture, for the first time, the realms of their biocompatible and anisotropic characteristics, providing biomimetic platforms for improved differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSCs) into neurons. Interestingly, PCL having 0.05% graphene (PCL-G0.05) showcased an ideal nano-topography with an unprecedented combination of guidance stimuli and substrates cues, aiding in enhanced differentiation of hMSCs into dopaminergic neurons (DA). These newly differentiated DA neurons were characterized at gene, protein, and functional levels and were seen to exhibit unique neuronal arborization, enhanced intracellular Ca2+ influx, and dopamine secretion, thereby opening new horizons for pre-clinical and clinical applications.
Evaluating the Effects of Duloxetine on oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Prophylaxis in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients, randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical Trial
Authors: soufi rokhsareh , Ardakani Maria Tavakoli , haghighi shirin
Published: December 2020

Backgroundoxaliplatin is a key drug in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer treatment. Peripheral Neuropathy is a troublesome and dose-dependent adverse effect of oxaliplatin. It can occur in two distinct forms: acute and chronic. Its incidence is estimated about 65-98 percent, of which 22 percent needed to stop chemotherapy. In some cases peripheral neuropathy has a long lasting impact on patient’s quality of life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of duloxetine on the prevention of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy in GI cancer patients.MethodsIn this randomized and double blind study, which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital, eligible patients were divided in to two groups. Treatment group was received Duloxetine the day before chemotherapy regimen initiation with the dose of 30 mg/day for one week and then was titrated up to 60 mg/day until 12 weeks. One placebo capsule daily for one week then two capsules daily until 12 weeks was prescribed for placebo group. In every chemotherapy courses peripheral neuropathy was assessed by using NCI-CTCAE v4.03. Also chemotherapy related quality of life (QOL) at the baseline and 12 weeks was assessed by using FACT/GOG-NTX.ResultsForty patients were randomized to the treatment and placebo group which were similar with chemotherapy regimen, type and stage of cancer. Data analysis of NCI-CTCAE showed duloxetine could prevent worsening of paresthesia more than placebo (P = 0.025) and patients in duloxetine group experience less peripheral sensory neuropathy (P = 0.001) than placebo. FACT/GOG-NTX analysis showed significant worsening of tingling and discomfort in hands (respectively P = 0.002, 0.001) and feet (respectively P = 0.017, 0.019), having pain in hands and feet (P = 0.001) and difficulty breathing in cold temperature exposure (P = 0.023) in placebo compared with duloxetine group. In the other hand, duloxetine could not improve QOL (P = 0.06) and hadn’t significant effects on Trouble feeling the shape of small objects in hand (P = 0.420) or Trouble buttoning buttons (P = 0.086).Conclusion﻿Duloxetine can consider as a safe and effective medication for the prevention of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy in GI cancer. Nonetheless, more studies with larger population are needed.Trial registrationIRCT20100127003210N15. Registered 25 Jun 2018, https://fa.irct.ir/user/trial/3256/view
Abnormal Rat Cortical Development Induced by Ventricular Injection of rHMGB1 Mimicked the Pathophysiology of Human Cortical Dysplasia
Authors: Yang Xiaolin , Xiaoqing Zhang , Wang Zhongke , Liu Guolong , Shen Kaifeng , Zhu Gang , Wang Tingting , Lv Shengqing , Zhang Chunqing , Yang Hui , Liu Shiyong
Published: December 2020

Background Cortical dysplasia (CD) is a common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. Increasingly, innate immunity is involved in CD with epilepsy. However, it is unclear whether innate immune factors contribute to induce epileptogenic CD. Here, we injected recombinant human HMGB1 (rHMGB1) into the embryonic rat ventricle to determine whether rHMGB1 can induce epileptogenic CD with pathophysiological characteristics similar to those of human CD.Methods At gestational day 14.5, rHMGB1 was injected into the ventricles of Sprague Dawley (SD) rat embryos. At 2 months postnatal, the effects of rHMGB1 on cortex construction were examined by Nissl staining; the alterations of nerve tissue were detected using immunostaining. At 3 months postnatal, the susceptibility and severity of pilocarpine-induced seizures and the spontaneous epileptic discharges were evaluated by EEG. Open-field tests, novel object recognition tests, and Morris water maze tests were performed to observe the behavior of rHMGB1-treated rats.Results The results showed cortical organization was severely disrupted in the rHMGB1-treated rats, and microgyria and heterotopia also emerged; additionally, disoriented neurons, dysmorphic neurons, and dysplastic neurons were found in the cortical lesions and heterotopias. Subcortical heterotopia also appeared in the white matter and the gray-white junction of the rHMGB1-treated rats. Moreover, the numbers of neurons and astrocytes were increased in the cortical lesions; the neuronal dendrites were thickened, randomly oriented, and frequently crossed each other. Moreover, the immunoreactivity of NR2A, NR2B, NR1, GAD65/67, EAAT1 and EAAT2 indicated that the excitation of cortical lesions and heterotopia were significantly increased. Furthermore, EEG showed more susceptibility and severity of seizures in rHMGB1-treatment rats compared with the control rats. Intriguingly, spontaneous nonepileptic seizure discharges were also detected in the rHMGB1-treated rats after 5 months of age, and spike-wave discharges of approximately 8 Hz were the most significantly increased synchronously propagated waves throughout the general brain cortex.Conclusions These results indicated that rHMGB1 exposure during pregnancy can modify the cerebral structure of offspring, which results in increased susceptibility to seizures and mimics the pathophysiological characteristics of human CD. Those results suggested that HMGB1 upregulation resulting from various insults could contribute to the development of epileptogenic CD during pregnancy.
A Major Outbreak of COVID-19 in the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship
Authors: Chou Yu-Ching , Lin Yu-Ju , Shie Shian-Sen , Tsai Hung-Bin , Sheng Wang-Huei
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic broke out in Wuhan, China, and declared an international public health emergency by the World Health Organization in 2019. It mainly manifests as symptoms of respiratory infections, and severe cases can cause pneumonia and death. The Diamond Princess cruise ship outbroke cluster infection outside China during the early pandemic. The incident occurred on February 1, 2020, and an 80-year-old Hong Kong man was diagnosed with COVID-19. The cruise docked in Yokohama, Japan, for 14 days on-board quarantine; however, cluster infection outbroke rapidly. The results show that after 14 days of quarantine, 634 (17.1%) cases were diagnosed with a total of 3,711 population, and 328 (51.7%) cases were asymptomatic. As of April 24, 2020, 712 cases have been diagnosed and 14 deaths have occurred. A cumulative mortality rate reaches 1.96%. Using a nonlinear least-squares curve fitting with Microsoft Excel Solver, we obtain the parameters of the SIR mathematical model of infectious disease and the reproduction number (R0) of the COVID-19 outbreak is 2.37±0.26. Without an emergency evacuation plan, the total infection rate will reach 88.47%. These data show “only one” COVID-19 case could still outbreak cluster infection on large cruise ships. The possible causes and countermeasures are discussed.
Investigation of the clinical significance and pathological features of lanthanum deposition in the gastric mucosa
Authors: Nishida Shinya , Ota Kazuhiro , Hattori Kimiaki , Iwatsubo Taro , Kawaguchi Shimpei , Kojima Yuichi , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Maeda Tamaki , Sakaguchi Masahiro , Higuchi Kazuhide
Published: December 2020

Background: There are often specific endoscopic findings caused by deposition of lanthanum (La) in the gastric mucosa of patients taking lanthanum carbonate (LaC), a novel phosphate binder for patients on hemodialysis. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the clinical significance of La deposition in the gastric mucosa, and the association between endoscopic features and histologic findings in the same population.Methods: We compared background factors in patients taking LaC with and without La deposition in their gastroscopic biopsy specimen. We also investigated the relationship between gastric endoscopic biopsy specimens with La deposition and the concurrent endoscopic images.Results: There was a significant difference in the total dose of LaC between the La-positive and La-negative groups (990 g [180–3150 g] vs. 480 g [225–1328 g]; p=0.013). In 27 biopsy specimens with specific whitish mucosa, 10 showed mild histiocytic infiltration and 17 showed severe infiltration. In contrast, among 24 specimens with non-whitish mucosa, 5 showed no histiocytic infiltration, 10 showed mild infiltration, and 9 showed severe infiltration. There was a significant relationship between endoscopic features and the degree of histiocytic infiltration (p=0.026).Conclusions: We demonstrated that La deposition in the gastric mucosa depended on the total dose of LaC and was not affected by background factors. The specific endoscopic features of La deposition are associated with the infiltration of histiocytes, which represents the body’s normal response to foreign bodies.