bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response of growth, quality parameters and photosynthetic apparatus of endive plant to different culture media
Authors: Kowalczyk Katarzyna , Gajc-Wolska Janina , Marcinkowska Monika , Cetner Magdalena D. , Kalaji Hazem M.
Published: April 2016

Endive (Cichorium endivia L.) is a leaf vegetable with high vitamin and nutritional values. Therefore, an increase of its cultivation in Poland and other European countries has been observed in recent years. The aim of this research was to study the effect of different growth media on the quality and photosynthetic efficiency of different endive cultivars. The experiment was conducted in controlled greenhouse conditions. Endive was grown in three independent NFT cultivation systems: a standard culture medium (control, A1), a culture medium concentrated three-fold (A2) and a medium concentrated five-fold (A3). Four cultivars were used: ‘Kethel’, ‘Barundi’, ‘Galanti’ and ‘Perceval’. The plants were examined for the number and weight of fully-grown leaves and the weight of roots, dry matter content and chemical quality attributes of endive such as ascorbic acid (AA), total soluble solids (TSS), chlorophyll and proline. In addition, several physiological traits such as modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured.

Both three-fold and five-fold increases of ion concentration in the nutrient solution induced stress in the endive plants. Our results showed that the photosynthetic efficiency of the tested endive plants was affected by the cultivar factor and only the highest (five-fold) ion concentration in the nutrient solution. Growth under a medium of three-fold ion concentration did not affect the photosynthetic efficiency, despite observed changes in the growth and quality parameters of the endive plants. This study suggests that the type of fluorescence measurements used in this experiment (modulated) cannot be recommended as a sufficient bioindicator during endive production.
Hard coal project valuation based on real options approach: multiplicative vs. arithmetic stochastic process
Authors: Saługa Piotr W. , Kamiński Jacek
Published: April 2016

Precise valuation of the economic efficiency of risky investment projects in the mineral sector has a direct impact on the range of future investments. Since the mid-90s, a number of enterprises have also been giving increased attention to the valuation of managerial flexibility that cannot normally be estimated with classical discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis. This has been the result of a development in the real options analysis (ROA) and the simplification of its algorithms, most of which have been achieved through:

♦ incorporating lattice models,

♦ introducing a single uncertain project parameter (gross present value, PV) as an underlying instrument,

♦ assuming that the underlying asset follows the multiplicative stochastic process,

♦ introducing the ‘marketed asset disclaimer’ (MAD) assumption.

Unfortunately, in most cases, models constructed on the abovementioned assumptions and modifications are not consistent with real projects. Some analysts recognize that project PVs might not follow the multiplicative process, which could have a direct impact on the project’s value. In order to improve the MAD approach, the paper proposes a modified model where the multiplicative tree is replaced with an additive one. In addition, methods of ‘additive volatility’ calculation and ‘dividend’ adjustments were suggested.
The composition of the organic and inorganic matter of the Siliceous fly ashes as part of their usefulness in technologies of building materials
Authors: Strzałkowska Ewa
Published: April 2016

Nowadays in Poland around 18 mln tons of energy wastes are produced every year. The utilization method of wastes depends principally on their physicochemical properties. Siliceous fly ashes which have pozzolanic properties which advantageously influence on cement properties, are mainly used in production of cement. The results of studies of the phase composition of the different grain classes of the siliceous fly ash were presented in this article. The minerals: mullite and quartz as well as magnetite, hematite and calcite were identified on the base of thermal analysis, mikroscopic observation and X-ray diffractometry examination. Significant participation in the composition of investigated fly ashes have also fragments of unburned coal. They present different morphological forms depend on the porosity degree. The following forms were distinguished: cenospheres, networks, inertynite massive and porous, detritus. Porous particles accumulate mainly in the coarser grain class and are represented primarily by cenospheres and networks. Their content may have an adverse effect on any further applications of fly ash, so as it is necessary to separation of this class. This will reduce water demand and increase the freeze-thaw resistance of mortar and concrete containing fly ash.
Substrate Feeding Strategy Integrated with a Biomass Bayesian Estimator for a Biotechnological Process
Authors: Amicarelli Adriana , Montoya Lucía Quintero , Sciascio Fernando di
Published: April 2016

This work proposes a substrate feeding strategy for a bioprocess integrated with a biomass estimator based in nonlinear filtering techniques. The performance of the proposed estimator and the substrate strategy are illustrated for the δ-endotoxin production ofBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) in batch and fed batch cultures. Nonlinear filtering techniques constitutes an adequate option as estimation tool because of the strongly nonlinear dynamics of this bioprocess and also due to nature of the uncertainties and perturbations that cannot be supposed Gaussians distributed. Biomass estimation is performed from substrate and dissolved oxygen. Substrate feeding strategy is intended to obtain high product concentration. Simulations results along with their experimental verifications demonstrate the acceptable performance of the proposed biomass estimator and the substrate feeding strategy.
Crystal structure of diaquabis(2-(3-bromophenyl)-5-carboxy-1H-imidazol-4-carboxylato-κ2
O,N) cobalt(II) trihydrate, C22H22Br2CoN4O13
Authors: Ding Rui-Fang , Sun Shan-Shan
Published: April 2016

C22H22Br2CoN4O13, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 15.2953(19) Å, b = 14.9696(19) Å, c = 12.4221(15) Å, β = 92.725(2)°, V = 2841.0(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0356, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0967, T = 296 K.
Structural effects of English–German language contact in translation on concessive constructions in business articles
Authors: Bisiada Mario
Published: April 2016

Studies on a variety of languages have observed a shift away from hypotactic, hierarchical structures towards paratactic, incremental structures, and have attributed this to language contact with English in translation. This paper investigates such a shift towards parataxis as the preferred structure of concessive constructions in German business articles. To this effect, a diachronic corpus method that has been applied to popular science articles in existing studies is adopted and applied to business articles, in an attempt to reproduce existing findings for this genre. This method is complemented by a corpus of manuscripts which allow to control for the effect of editing on the translated texts. Based on the analysis of hypotactic and paratactic translations of English concessive conjunctions between 1982/83 and 2008, I argue that hypotactic structures are indeed used less frequently in translated texts, but that this development is restricted to translated language. In non-translated texts, the use of hypotactic conjunctions has increased. The use of sentence-initial conjunctions, however, does seem to spread in this genre (as was reported for popular science), which may be further evidence for it to be a case of language change through contact in translation.
Az ágy melletti ultrahangvizsgálat diagnosztikus lehetőségeinek vizsgálata a sürgősségi betegellátásban
Authors: Mesterházi András , Barta Miklós , Zubek László
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Rapid differential diagnosis of circulatory failure (shock) with unknown etiology is a daily challenge in the field of emergency medicine. The Rapid Ultrasound in Shock (RUSH) protocol is well known since 2010. With the use of targeted steps, the 4 forms of shock (cardiogen, distributive, obstructive, hypovolemic) can be separated in a few minutes. Aim: The aim of the authors was to evaluate the usefulness of the Rapid Ultrasound in Shock protocol for the diagnosis of different forms of shock. Method: The retrospective study included 123 critically ill patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Markusovszky Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary. Detailed records were obtained from all patients. Results: From the 123 crirically ill patients, 64 patients suffered from circulatory failure, while the remaining patients had acute severe chest or abdominal pain, or respiratory failure. Conclusions: Based on the results of the first evaluation of the Rapid Ultrasound in Shock protocol in Hungarian patients, the authors conclude that, the bedside ultrasonography has a great value in emergency medicine, and this the protocol is suitable for its integration into patient care and education of emergency medicine. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(15), 569–574.
Modelagem Hidrológica Estocástica Aplicada ao Rio Tocantins para a Cidade de Marabá-PA
Authors: Câmara Renata Kelen Cardoso , Rocha Edson José Paulino , Protázio João Marcelo Brazão , Queiroz Joaquim Carlos , Ribeiro Wanda Maria do Nascimento , Siqueira Ionara Santos , Lima Aline Maria Meiguins De
Published: April 2016

Resumo Estudos na área da hidrologia mostraram que podemos evitar desastres naturais através de previsões hidrológicas. Nesse trabalho foi utilizada a metodologia de Box-Jenkins de séries temporais multivariadas para previsão diária de nível fluviométrico do rio Tocantins para o município de Marabá-PA, que sofre anualmente com eventos de enchentes, ocasionado pelo aumento periódico do rio Tocantins e pela situação de vulnerabilidade da população que residem em áreas de riscos. Foram utilizados dados de níveis diários observados nas estações fluviométricas de Marabá e Carolina e Conceição do Araguaia da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), do período de 01/12/2008 a 31/03/2011. Evidenciou-se que o modelo ajustado conseguiu capturar a dinâmica das séries temporais, com bons prognósticos para o período de sete dias, com erro absoluto máximo de 0,08m, e com precisão na previsão acima de 99,00%. Assim, a pesquisa mostrou que o modelo de previsão teve um bom ajuste apresentando bons resultados, podendo ser utilizado como ferramentas de apoio para Defesa Civil, auxiliando no planejamento e preparo de ações preventivas para o município de Marabá.
Crown-Root Fractures in Primary Teeth: A Case Series Study of 28 Cases
Authors: Costa Vanessa Polina Pereira da , Oliveira Luisa Jardim Correa , Rosa¹ Denise Paiva , Cademartori Mariana Gonzalez , memoriam) Dione Dias Torriani(in
Published: April 2016

Abstract Crown-root fractures in primary teeth are rare, with a wide variation of patterns that make diagnosis and treatment difficult. The aim of this study was to present a case series of crown-root fractures in primary teeth of children who attended a reference center. The study followed 28 cases of crown-root fractures in 26 children, representing 4% of the total number of attendees over 11 years of reference service at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. In most cases, the maxillary central incisors (85.7%) were involved. In the crown, 57.1% of the cases had a simple line of fracture, and 42.9% had multiple lines. Simple lines predominated in the root (89.3%). In cases with simple fracture lines in the crown, 37.6% underwent a total extraction, 31.2% required a partial extraction and 31.2% underwent pulpectomy. In most teeth with multiple lines of fractures in the crown, total extraction was performed (91.7%) All cases were followed-up until the eruption of the permanent successor tooth, and all patients had favorable outcomes.
Penetration Capacity, Color Alteration and Biological Response of Two In-office Bleaching Protocols
Authors: Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo , Benetti Francine , Ferreira Luciana Louzada , Gomes-Filho João Eduardo , Ervolino Edilson , Gallinari Marjorie de Oliveira , Rahal Vanessa , Briso André Luiz Fraga
Published: April 2016

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) penetrates into the dental hard tissues causing color alteration but also alterations in pulpal tissues. Hard-tissue penetration, color alteration and the pulp response alterations were evaluated for two in-office bleaching protocols with H2O2. For trans-enamel/dentin penetration and color alteration, discs of bovine teeth were attached to an artificial pulp chamber and bleached according to the groups: BLU (20% H2O2 - 1x50 min, Whiteness HP Blue); MAX (35% H2O2 - 3x15 min, Whiteness HP Maxx); Control (1x50 min, placebo). Trans-enamel/dentin penetration was quantified based on the reaction of H2O2 with leucocrystal violet and the color analyzed by CIELab System. Twenty Wistar rats were divided into two groups (BLU and MAX) and their maxillary right molars were treated according to the same protocols of the in vitro study; the maxillary left molars were used as controls. After 2 days, the animals were killed and their maxillae were examined by light microscopy. The inflammation of pulp tissue was scored according to the inflammatory infiltrate (1, absent; 2, mild; 3, moderate; 4, severe/necrosis). Data were analyzed by statistical tests (α=0.05). MAX showed higher trans-enamel/dentinal penetration of H2O2 (p<0.05). The color alteration was similar for both groups (p>0.05), and different when compared to Control group (p<0.05). MAX showed severe inflammation in the upper thirds of the coronal pulp, and BLU showed moderate inflammation (p<0.05). In-office bleaching protocols using lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide should be preferred due to their reduced trans-enamel/dentinal penetration since they cause less pulp damage and provide same bleaching efficiency.
Biological Effects of a Root Conditioning Treatment on Periodontally Affected Teeth - An In Vitro Analysis
Authors: Silva Aline Cristina , Moura Camilla Christian Gomes , Ferreira Jessica Afonso , Magalhães Denildo de , Dechichi Paula , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluated the root surfaces modifications resulted by application of different chemicals agents, and their influence on the fibrin network and fibroblasts attachment. From 96 anterior mandibular human extracted incisor teeth, 192 dentin blocks of buccal and lingual surface were obtained and randomly divided into 6 groups: Cont- control group, which received no treatment; Root surface scaling and root planing (Srp); Citric acid-Srp; EDTA-Srp; Tetracycline capsule-Srp; Tetracycline gel-Srp. After dentin treatments the specimens were analyzed as follows: 1) demineralization level and residues of the product by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); 2) adhesion of blood components after 20 min of surface treatment by SEM; 3) fibroblast attachment after 24 h by SEM; 4) cell metabolism after 24 h by MTT assay. Data were analyzed using Fisher Exact, One-way ANOVA test followed by Dunn's test, Tukey test and Dunnett test (α=0.05). Citric acid, EDTA and Tetracycline gel resulted in adequate demineralization with no completely smear layer and smear plug removal on root dentin surface. Tetracycline capsule produced great tetracycline residues with several demineralization areas. Tetracycline gel and EDTA groups presented more fibroblast fixation than other experimental groups. The highest mean blood clot adhesion score was observed in roots treated with tetracycline gel. EDTA and Tetracycline gel surface treatment removed the smear layer over dentin surface and promoted adhesion of fibrin network and fibroblast cells attachment.
Comparison of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharides Clinically Isolated from Root Canal Infection in the Induction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Secretion
Authors: Martinho Frederico C. , Leite Fábio R. M. , Nóbrega Letícia M.M. , Endo Marcos S. , Nascimento Gustavo G. , Darveau Richard P. , Gomes Brenda P. F. A.
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the biological activity of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) purified from Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis strains, both isolated from primary endodontic infection (PEI) in the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α released by macrophage cells. Moreover, LPS was purified from F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis American Type Collection (ATCC) and its biological activity was compared to respectively clinical isolates strains. F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis strains clinically isolated from PEI had their identification confirmed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. LPS from F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis and their respective ATCC strains were extracted by using Tri-reagent method. Macrophages (Raw 264.7) were stimulated with LPS at 100 ng/mL for 4, 8 and 12 h. Secretion of IL-1 β and TNF-α was also determined. Paired t-test, repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA were employed. All LPS induced significant production of IL-1β and TNF-α, with the former being secreted at higher levels than the latter in all time-points. F. nucleatum induced a higher expression of both cytokines compared to P. gingivalis (p<0.05). No differences were observed between clinical and ATCC strains, as both presented the same potential to induce pro-inflammatory response. It was concluded that F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis LPS presented different patterns of activation against macrophages as seen by the IL-1β and TNF-α production, which may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of apical periodontitis. Moreover, clinical and ATCC strains grown under the same in vitro environment conditions presented similar biological activity.
Effect of Fluoride-Releasing Adhesive Systems on the Mechanical Properties of Eroded Dentin
Authors: Guedes Ana Paula Albuquerque , Moda Mariana Dias , Suzuki Thaís Yumi Umeda , Godas André Gustavo de Lima , Sundfeld Renato Herman , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Santos Paulo Henrique dos
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of erosive pH cycling with solutions that simulate dental erosion on Martens hardness (HMV) and elastic modulus (Eit) of dentin restored with fluoride-releasing adhesive systems. Twenty-seven bovine dentin slabs were restored with three adhesive systems: Adper Single Bond 2 total-etch adhesive system, One Up Bond F and Clearfil SE Protect fluoride-containing self-etching adhesive systems. The restorations were made with Filtek Z250. The HMV and Eit values at distances of 10, 30, 50 and 70 µm from the interface were evaluated using a dynamic ultra microhardness tester before and after immersion in deionized water, citric acid and hydrochloric acid (n=9). Data were submitted to repeated-measures ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD tests (=0.05). After erosive cycling, HMV values of dentin decreased in all groups. For dentin restored with Adper Single Bond 2, the lowest values were found closer to the hybrid layer, while for One Up Bond F and Clearfil SE Protect, the values remained unaltered at all distances. For dentin restored with fluoride-releasing adhesive systems, a decrease in Eit was found, but after 30 µm this difference was not significant. The acid substances were able to alter HMV and Eit of the underlying dentin. For fluoride-releasing adhesives, the greater the distance from bonded interface, the lower the Eit values. The fluoride in One Up Bond F and Clearfil SE Protect was able to protect the underlying dentin closer to the materials. In this way, the fluoride from adhesive systems could have some positive effect in the early stages of erosive lesions.
PERCEPTION OF EMERGENCY NURSES IN USING A CHEST PAIN ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL
Authors: Vieira Aline Costa , Bertoncello Kátia Cilene Godinho , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Nascimento Eliane Regina Pereira do , Hammerschmidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , Zeferinho Maria Terezinha
Published: April 2016

A qualitative and descriptive study aimed at identifying the perception of nurses at the emergency service of a hospital in Southern Brazil on the use of a nursing protocol for classifying chest pain, implemented at a private hospital in the Brazilian Southeast. The protocol considers, among others, the characteristics of the chest pain, risk factors and flowcharts that lead to the nursing action of classifying the risk. Seven nurses participated in the study through semi-structured interview, between January and February 2014. For the data analysis, Content Analysis was used. The results reveal a consensus among nurses that the protocol prioritizes care; identifies risk factors for acute myocardial infarction more easily and identifies the type of pain. The lengthiness and time consumption were revealed as negative considerations. For the nurses, the protocol is applicable to the service as it supported their conduct.
Rotina de famílias de crianças com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Silva Simone Souza da Costa , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos
Published: April 2016

Resumo A paralisia cerebral (PC) é ocasionada por uma lesão neurológica que afeta o cérebro em seu desenvolvimento inicial, produzindo consequências, essencialmente, motoras, porém, dependendo da área lesionada, o indivíduo pode apresentar comprometimento cognitivo. Crianças com essa deficiência necessitam de cuidados especiais e exigem das famílias uma reestruturação que possibilite o desenvolvimento adequado desses indivíduos. Tendo isto como base investigou-se a rotina de famílias com crianças diagnosticadas com paralisia cerebral. Foi aplicado o Inventário de Rotina (IR) a três mães de crianças com PC atendidas no Serviço Caminhar, do Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, de Belém do Pará. Os resultados apontaram que mães de crianças com PC tendem a dispor a maior parte do seu tempo aos cuidados com o filho em detrimento do tempo de dedicação a elas mesmas, incluindo cuidados com sua saúde. Este padrão comportamental é gerado por influência dos níveis de comprometimento motor e de autonomia da criança - quanto maior o nível de comprometimento motor, menor o nível de autonomia e maior é a sobrecarga de cuidado da mãe.
Triterpenes of leaves from Piranhea trifoliata (Picrodendraceae)
Authors: JEFFREYS Manoel Feitosa , NUNEZ Cecilia Veronica
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The Amazon forest is rich in plant species diversity, among them,Piranhea trifoliata stands out, which is popularly known as piranheira, because their fruits are eaten by fish. Their barks are used as bath composition on uterus inflammation and as tea in malaria treatment. This study aimed to fractionate the dichloromethane and dichloromethane phase from methanolic extract of leaves of Piranhea trifoliata. The leaves were dried, grounded and extracted with dichloromethane, methanol and water. The methanol extract was partitioned with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. The chromatographic fractionation yielded six pentacyclic triterpenoids: friedelan-3-one, 28-hydroxy-friedelan-3-one, 30-hydroxy-friedelan-3-one, lupeol, α- and β-amyrin mixture, besides the mixture of the steroids: β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. The substances structures were identified by 1H- and13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis and literature data comparison. This is the first report describing the chemical study of P. trifoliata leaves.
Thermal efficiency of individual shelters for girolando calves in brazilian semi-arid regions
Authors: Almeida Gledson L. P. de , Pandorfi Héliton , Baptista Fátima , Guiselini Cristiane , Barnabé Janice M. C
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the thermal efficiency of roofs used on individual shelters during milk-feeding stage of Girolando calves. The research was conducted at a farm located in a dry region of Pernambuco state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 27 Holstein × Gir dairy crossbred calves housed in shelters with three roofing materials (fibre cement tile, recycled tile, and thatched roofs). The recycled tiles and thatched roofs provided reductions of 18.7 and 14.6% in radiant thermal load, respectively. Regardless the roofing material, all animals increased their respiratory rate to maintain thermal equilibrium.
Physical attributes of a pasture soil in southeast Goiás determined by geostatistics
Authors: Cardoso Gabriel G. de G. , Wanderley Rilley C. , Souza Mara L. C.
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the spatial dependence of physical attributes in a soil cultivated with Brachiaria grass. A 12-m regular sampling grid was established within an area of 3.500 m2. Thirty-five soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm depth for particle density, bulk density, texture and total porosity analysis. These data were evaluated using statistical methods of indicator kriging and the GS+ software. The GS+ software was used to develop three-dimensional maps and evaluate semivariograms. The spatial dependence was evaluated using experimental semivariograms. The analyzed attributes indicated the occurrence of spatial dependence when fit to the exponential model. Areas with higher porosity occurred in the regions with lower bulk densities and higher particle densities.
Tensões aplicadas no solo pelas diferentes pressões do pneu de um trator agrícola
Authors: Mion Renildo L. , Holanda Áurea S. de , Barroso Suelly H. de A , Silva Samuel de A. T. E
Published: April 2016

RESUMO A distribuição das tensões provocadas por rodados das máquinas agrícolas é dependente da carga da roda e da pressão interna do pneu, bem como das condições do solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho consistiu em avaliar numericamente a distribuição dos deslocamentos e das tensões atuantes em um solo coletado no Estado do Ceará, provocada pela passagem de um trator agrícola. O peso individual do pneu traseiro (dimensões 18.4-34 R1) em que foi medida a área de contato do pneu com o solo era de 17,1 kN. Nas análises numéricas, baseadas no método dos Elementos Finitos, foram considerados diferentes valores da pressão interna do pneu (96,5 kPa, 124,0 kPa, 151,0 kPa e 179,0 kPa) com suas respectivas áreas de contato (0,2256 m2, 0,1660 m2, 0,1522 m2 e 0,1393 m2). A partir dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que as tensões verticais encontradas na superfície do solo foram aproximadamente iguais às pressões de inflação dos pneus. A menor pressão provocou a menor tensão no solo, demonstrando a importância da redução das pressões na diminuição da compactação do solo até profundidades de 0,30 m. As maiores pressões causaram as maiores deformações no solo provocadas pela diminuição da área de contato pneu/solo. Ficou evidente neste estudo que é necessário buscar soluções para reduzir as pressões de trabalho de forma a causar menor compactação superficial do solo devido às tensões verticais e horizontais.
Redundant variables and the quality of management zones
Authors: Ricardo Sobjak , Souza Eduardo G. de , Bazzi Claudio L. , Uribe-Opazo Miguel A. , Betzek Nelson M.
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Precision agriculture (PA) allows farmers to identify and address variations in an agriculture field. Management zones (MZs) make PA more feasible and economical. The most important method for defining MZs is a fuzzy C-means algorithm, but selecting the variable for use as the input layer in the fuzzy process is problematic. BAZZI et al. (2013) used Moran’s bivariate spatial autocorrelation statistic to identify variables that are spatially correlated with yield while employing spatial autocorrelation. BAZZI et al. (2013) proposed that all redundant variables be eliminated and that the remaining variables would be considered appropriate on the MZ generation process. Thus, the objective of this work, a study case, was to test the hypothesis that redundant variables can harm the MZ delineation process. BAZZI This work was conducted in a 19.6-ha commercial field, and 15 MZ designs were generated by a fuzzy C-means algorithm and divided into two to five classes. Each design used a different composition of variables, including copper, silt, clay, and altitude. Some combinations of these variables produced superior MZs. None of the variable combinations produced statistically better performance that the MZ generated with no redundant variables. Thus, the other redundant variables can be discredited. The design with all variables did not provide a greater separation and organization of data among MZ classes and was not recommended.
Strategies for control and treatment of carious lesions in deciduous molars: a review of the literature
Authors: ALENCAR Catarina Ribeiro Barros de , SILVA Odailma Lima da , MENDONÇA Fernanda Lyrio , ANDRADE Francisco Juliherme Pires de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT In recent years, a reduction has been observed in the prevalence of dental caries in the global population. However, caries is still considered a public health problem. Currently, total removal of decayed tissue has been questioned and replaced by less invasive therapeutic approaches, which offer the possibility of incomplete removal of decayed tissue in one or two clinical sessions. Other techniques aim at sealing the carious lesion or use prefabricated metal crowns on the cavitated tooth without removal of the decayed tissue, preventing direct contact of the substrates with the carious lesion. Recently, ultra-conservative treatment has gained scientific prominence, and is able to control carious lesions through the disorganization of dental biofilm via supervised brushing. Each therapeutic approach has its advantages and limitations, and it is the responsibility of dental professionals to plan their patients' treatments according to their individual needs, allowing for better functional, aesthetic and psychological conditions for patients by preserving primary teeth until their physiological exfoliation.
Mulheres em situação de violência pelo parceiro íntimo: tomada de decisão por apoio institucional especializado
Authors: Albuquerque Netto Leônidas de , Moura Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos , Fernandes e Silva Giuliana , Penna Lucia Helena Garcia , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Propõe-se analisar fatores envolvidos na tomada de decisão de mulheres em situação de violência interpessoal, praticada pelo parceiro íntimo, na busca por apoio institucional de referência. Métodos Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Dezesseis mulheres foram entrevistadas, entre junho e setembro de 2012, em um Centro de Referência à Mulher de Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, por meio de instrumento semiestruturado e individual. Os relatos foram analisados pelo método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados As mulheres buscaram suporte psicossocial quando a violência interpessoal alcançou o limite da tolerância. Este suporte possibilitou o resgate da autoestima e da confiança, além da tomada de consciência para a necessidade de mudança de vida e de autonomia econômica. Conclusões As mulheres alcançaram sua autoconfiança com a superação da violência, o que possibilitou o resgate da autoestima e a tomada de decisão para a saída da situação de violência interpessoal praticada pelo parceiro íntimo.
Impacto de la mutilación genital femenina en los objetivos del milenio
Authors: Ruiz Ismael Jiménez , Martínez María Pilar Almansa , Bravo María Del Mar Pastor
Published: April 2016

RESUMEN Objetivo Relacionar la Mutilación Genital Femenina como factor negativo para la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio 1, 3, 4, 5 y 6. Métodos Se ha realizado la recogida de datos a través de una revisión integradora de la literatura en los años 2014 y 2015. Se consultaron las bases de datos Medline/PubMed, Web of Science , LILACS, SCIELO, Tesis Doctorales TESEO y en las webs de WOK, UNICEF, UNAF y WHO utilizando los descriptores: circuncisión femenina, objetivos de desarrollo del milenio y mutilación genital femenina. Se incluyeron artículos publicados entre los años de 2010 y 2015, y se seleccionaron finalmente 24 artículos. Resultados La Mutilación Genital Femenina es una práctica basada en discriminaciones de género que refuerza e incentiva el círculo de la pobreza. Provoca complicaciones físicas que pueden repercutir en la mortalidad y morbilidad infantil, así como en complicaciones en el embarazo y el parto y en la adquisición del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Conclusión La lucha contra la Mutilación Genital Femenina contribuye a la consecución de cinco de los ocho Objetivos del Milenio.
“O Sistema Único de Saúde que dá certo”: ações de humanização no pré-natal
Authors: Barreto Camila Nunes , Wilhelm Laís Antunes , Silva Silvana Cruz da , Alves Camila Neumaier , Cremonese Luiza , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Entender como ocorre a aproximação dos pressupostos de humanização das políticas públicas e dos programas de saúde propostos pelo Ministério da Saúde na práxis da atenção pré-natal de risco habitual. Método Estudo de campo, descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada de fevereiro a junho de 2014, com observação participante e entrevista semiestruturada, em quatro unidades de saúde da família, tendo a participação de cinco enfermeiros e três médicos. Quanto à análise de dados, optou-se pela Proposta Operativa. Resultados As categorias reveladas neste estudo que promoveram a humanização da atenção pré-natal foram: a aproximação e a vinculação da gestante e de sua família com as unidades de saúde da família e a educação permanente como facilitadora da humanização no pré-natal. Conclusões Compreende-se que para a aproximação de uma atenção humanizada é necessário um olhar ampliado frente às singularidades das mulheres.
“No final compensa ver o rostinho dele”: vivências de mulheres-primíparas no parto normal
Authors: Scarton Juliane , Prates Lisie Alende , Wilhelm Laís Antunes , Silva Silvana Cruz da , Possati Andressa Batista , Ilha Caroline Bolzan , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Conhecer as vivências de mulheres primíparas em relação às práticas de cuidado prestadas por profissionais de enfermagem no parto normal. Método Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado com dez mulheres primíparas, em uma maternidade no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, entre fevereiro e abril de 2014, por meio de entrevista individual semiestruturada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática pela proposta operativa. Resultados Os dados foram agrupados nas categorias: O medo de não conseguir e o incentivo da equipe de enfermagem; A vivência da dor no parto normal; Apoio versus distanciamento; Vivência boa ou ruim no parto? “No final tudo compensa!”. Conclusões O cuidado prestado se reflete na vivência e na forma como a mulher enfrenta os eventos que permeiam o processo parturitivo.
Violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação: identificação de mulheres vítimas de seus parceiros
Authors: Oliveira Lisiane Camargo Quialheiro de , Fonseca-Machado Mariana de Oliveira , Stefanello Juliana , Gomes-Sponholz Flávia Azevedo
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar, entre as usuárias de um serviço de atendimento pré-natal, mulheres em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo durante a gestação atual. Métodos Estudo observacional, transversal, realizado com 358 gestantes a partir da 36ª semana de gestação de maio/2012 a maio/2013 em um serviço de pré-natal no município de Ribeirão Preto-SP. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista. Empregou-se análise univariada, distribuição de frequências, medidas de tendência central e variabilidade, e testes qui-quadrado e t de Student. Resultados A violência por parceiro íntimo durante a gestação foi identificada em 63 mulheres (17,6%), com idade entre 15 e 42 anos, a maioria solteira. 39,7% pertenciam à religião católica, a maioria não estava inserida no mercado de trabalho, e 87,3% referiram não fumar. Apenas 20 consideraram terem sofrido algum tipo de violência durante a vida. Conclusão Esta identificação proporcionará o desenvolvimento de estratégias para reconhecer e intervir nos casos e dar o apoio necessário às vítimas.
Quality assurance and evaluation system in japanese higher education
Authors: Yamaguchi Ana Mami , Tsukahara Shuichi
Published: April 2016

Abstract In this paper we aim to contribute to the debate over accountability and assessment of higher education (HE) by introducing the Japanese system. We first discuss the circumstances and issues surrounding Japanese HE and then examine the historical development of the quality assurance and evaluation system. Since the 1990s, with the implementation of policies that focused on liberalization, deregulation and increased institutional autonomy, the role of the government has shifted from setting strict regulations and quality standards to organizing an evaluation system for assessing the learning outcomes and improving accountability of the HE institutions. Finally, we suggest how Japan may take hints from Brazil in organizing an evaluation system on a national level that can more efficiently support and assess HE institutions
Metodologias de ensino com tecnologias da informação e comunicação no ensino jurídico
Authors: Mercado Luis Paulo Leopoldo
Published: April 2016

Resumo Este estudo apresenta subsídios teórico-práticos sobre as possibilidades de utilização das TIC na prática docente no ensino jurídico. Envolveu as etapas: estudo teórico/bibliográfico na área de TIC e ensino jurídico; construção e atualização do blog da pesquisa; seleção e formação de professores de Direito para desenvolver metodologias com TIC envolvendo uma experiência sobre a utilização de diferentes estratégias didáticas com professores do ensino jurídico; desenvolvimento de material didático no blog de cada professor; análise dos dados dos blogs e grupo focal. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar metodologias para uso de estratégias didáticas no ensino jurídico, construir material didático usando estratégias didáticas no ensino jurídico e explorar as possibilidades das estratégias didáticas no ensino superior em relação à construção do conhecimento, desenvolvendo habilidades para utilização, aprendendo a avaliar, selecionar e integrá-las nas atividades curriculares.
Deteção da radiação térmica emitida por um filamento de tungstênio aquecido
Authors: Peralta Luis , Rego Florbela
Published: April 2016

A demonstração da lei de Stefan-Boltzmann recorrendo a uma lâmpada de incandescência como corpo negro já se tornou uma experiência clássica. Neste artigo exploramos a utilização de fotodíodos de baixo custo como fotodetetores neste tipo de experiência e apresentamos uma discussão dos resultados obtidos com base na distribuição espetral de Planck.
Atividades experimentais com enfoque no processo de modelagem científica: Uma alternativa para a ressignificação das aulas de laboratório em cursos de graduação em física
Authors: Heidemann Leonardo Albuquerque , Araujo Ives Solano , Veit Eliane Angela
Published: April 2016

Ainda hoje são frequentes em aulas de laboratório de cursos de graduação em física atividades que levam os estudantes a agir mecanicamente na execução de roteiros excessivamente dirigidos, sem reﬂetir suficientemente sobre os fundamentos teóricos que embasam seus experimentos. Muitas dessas atividades são amparadas em concepções epistemológicas inadequadas, favorecendo a construção, por parte dos estudantes, de concepções ingênuas sobre a natureza da ciência. Frente a esse quadro, faz-se necessário propostas para aulas de laboratório que coloquem os estudantes como protagonistas em suas investigações e que evidenciem aspectos importantes do fazer experimental. Focados nessa necessidade, apresentamos neste artigo quatro atividades, envolvendo oscilações mecânicas, ﬂuidos e termodinâmica, delineadas com o objetivo de ressignificar as atividades experimentais por meio do que denominamos de episódios de modelagem. Nessas atividades, os estudantes são postos frente a situações que: i) evidenciam aspectos importantes do processo de modelagem científica, dando oportunidade para que eles construam concepções epistemológicas não ingênuas, e ii) demandam uma postura ativa, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de competências relacionadas com a criação de questões de pesquisa, o delineamento de experimentos, a execução crítica de procedimentos experimentais e a análise de dados. Espera-se que essas atividades possam inspirar professores e pesquisadores que tenham o intuito de delinear e realizar atividades experimentais que favoreçam o engajamento e a reﬂexão dos estudantes durante as suas investigações, utilizando conhecimentos científicos para enfrentar problemas sobre eventos reais.
Ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for analytical determination of mianserin hydrochloride in coated tablets and comparison with LC
Authors: Sfair Letícia Lenz , Graeff Jeferson Scarpari , Steppe Martin , Schapoval Elfrides Eva Scherman
Published: April 2016

abstract Ultraviolet spectrophotometric (UV) and Liquid Chromatographic (LC) methods for the determination of mianserin hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation were developed and validated. The various parameters, such as specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy were studied according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH, 2005). For UV method, mianserin hydrochloride was determinate at 278 nm using HCl 0.1 M as the solvent. The response was linear in the concentration range of 20.0 - 140.0 µg/mL (r = 0.9998). Precision data evaluated by relative standard deviation was lower than 2%. The UV method was simple, rapid and low cost. Chromatographic analyses were performed in an Ace C18 column and the mobile phase was composed of methanol, 50 mM monobasic potassium phosphate buffer and 0.3% triethylamine solution adjusted to pH 7.0 with phosphoric acid 10% (85:15). LC method was specific, linear, precise, exact and robust. The results confirmed that the both methods are valid and useful to the routine quality control of mianserin hydrochloride in coated tablets. Statistical analysis by Student´s t-test showed no significant difference between the results obtained by UV and LC methods.
Isolation and characterization of homoisoflavonoids from Scilla persica HAUSSKN
Authors: Hafez-Ghoran Salar , Ebrahimi Pouneh , Mighani Hossein , Saeidnia Soudabeh
Published: April 2016

abstract Medicinal plants have many traditional claims including the treatment of ailments of infectious origin. In the evaluation of traditional claims, scientific research is extremely important. In this study, five homoisoflavonoids named 3-(4'-hydroxybenzylidene)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychroman-4-one(Autumnalin),3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychroman-4-one (3,9-dihydro-autumnalin), 3-(3',4'-dihydroxybenzyl)-5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxychroman-4-one,3-(3',4'-dihydroxybenzylidene)-5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxychroman-4-one and 3-(3',4'-dihydroxybenzylidene)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychroman-4-one, were isolated from the bulbs of the plant Scilla persica HAUSSKN. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses such as NMR, MS, IR and UV.
CD103+ Kidney Dendritic Cells Protect against Crescentic GN by Maintaining IL-10–Producing Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Evers Beatrix D.G. , Engel Daniel R. , Böhner Alexander M.C. , Tittel André P. , Krause Torsten A. , Heuser Christoph , Garbi Natalio , Kastenmüller Wolfgang , Mack Matthias , Tiegs Gisa , Panzer Ulf , Boor Peter , Ludwig-Portugall Isis , Kurts Christian
Published: April 2016

Kidney dendritic cells (DCs) regulate nephritogenic T cell responses. Most kidney DCs belong to the CD11b+ subset and promote crescentic GN (cGN). The function of the CD103+ subset, which represents <5% of kidney DCs, is poorly understood. We studied the role of CD103+ DCs in cGN using several lines of genetically modified mice that allowed us to reduce the number of these cells. In all lines, we detected a reduction of FoxP3+ intrarenal regulatory T cells (Tregs), which protect against cGN. Mice lacking the transcription factor Batf3 had a more profound reduction of CD103+ DCs and Tregs than did the other lines used, and showed the most profound aggravation of cGN. The conditional reduction of CD103+ DC numbers by 50% in Langerin-DTR mice halved Treg numbers, which did not suffice to significantly aggravate cGN. Mice lacking the cytokine Flt3L had fewer CD103+ DCs and Tregs than Langerin-DTR mice but exhibited milder cGN than did Batf3−/− mice presumably because proinflammatory CD11b+ DCs were somewhat depleted as well. Conversely, Flt3L supplementation increased the number of CD103+ DCs and Tregs, but also of proinflammatory CD11b+ DCs. On antibody-mediated removal of CD11b+ DCs, Flt3L supplementation ameliorated cGN. Mechanistically, CD103+ DCs caused cocultured T cells to differentiate into Tregs and produced the chemokine CCL20, which is known to attract Tregs into the kidney. Our findings show that CD103+ DCs foster intrarenal FoxP3+ Treg accumulation, thereby antagonizing proinflammatory CD11b+ DCs. Thus, increasing CD103+ DC numbers or functionality might be advantageous in cGN.
Mucin-1 Increases Renal TRPV5 Activity In Vitro, and Urinary Level Associates with Calcium Nephrolithiasis in Patients
Authors: Nie Mingzhu , Bal Manjot S. , Yang Zhufeng , Liu Jie , Rivera Carolina , Wenzel Andrea , Beck Bodo B. , Sakhaee Khashayar , Marciano Denise K. , Wolf Matthias T.F.
Published: April 2016

Hypercalciuria is a major risk factor for nephrolithiasis. We previously reported that Uromodulin (UMOD) protects against nephrolithiasis by upregulating the renal calcium channel TRPV5. This channel is crucial for calcium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Recently, mutations in the gene encoding Mucin-1 (MUC1) were found to cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, the same disease caused by UMOD mutations. Because of the similarities between UMOD and MUC1 regarding associated disease phenotype, protein structure, and function as a cellular barrier, we examined whether urinary MUC1 also enhances TRPV5 channel activity and protects against nephrolithiasis. We established a semiquantitative assay for detecting MUC1 in human urine and found that, compared with controls (n=12), patients (n=12) with hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis had significantly decreased levels of urinary MUC1. Immunofluorescence showed MUC1 in the thick ascending limb, DCT, and collecting duct. Applying whole–cell patch-clamp recording of HEK cells, we found that wild-type but not disease mutant MUC1 increased TRPV5 activity by impairing dynamin-2– and caveolin-1–mediated endocytosis of TRPV5. Coimmunoprecipitation confirmed a physical interaction between TRPV5 and MUC1. However, MUC1 did not increase the activity of N-glycan–deficient TRPV5. MUC1 is characterized by variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) that bind the lectin galectin-3; galectin-3 siRNA but not galectin-1 siRNA prevented MUC1-induced upregulation of TRPV5 activity. Additionally, MUC1 lacking VNTRs did not increase TRPV5 activity. Our results suggest that MUC1 forms a lattice with the N-glycan of TRPV5 via galectin-3, which impairs TRPV5 endocytosis and increases urinary calcium reabsorption.
Editorial
Authors: De Botton Lena , Molina Luque Fidel
Published: April 2016

Número especial en conmemoración de las víctimas del Holocausto.