bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glaucoma diagnostic performance of macular ganglion cell complex thickness using regular and long axial length normative databases
Authors: Chen Henry Shen-Lih , Ling Xiao Chun , Lu Da-Wen , Chuang Lan-Hsing , Su Wei-Wen , Lee Yung-Sung , Wu Wei-Chi , Yeh Po-Han
Published: July 2022

The risks of misdiagnosing a healthy individual as glaucomatous or vice versa may be high in a population with a large majority of highly myopic individuals, due to considerable morphologic variability in high myopic fundus. This study aims to compare the diagnostic ability of the regular and long axial length databases in the RS-3000 Advance SD-OCT (Nidek) device to correctly diagnose glaucoma with high myopia. Patients with high myopia (axial length ≥ 26.0 mm) in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan between 2015 and 2020 were included. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on glaucomatous discs, visual field defects and corresponding retinal nerve fiber layer defects. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy and likelihood ratios of diagnosing glaucoma via mGCC thickness in both superior/inferior and GChart mapping using the regular and long axial length normative databases. The specificity and diagnostic accuracy of mGCC thickness for distinguishing glaucomatous eyes from nonglaucomatous eyes among highly myopic eyes were significantly improved using the long axial length database (p = 0.046). There were also significant proportion changes in S/I mapping as well as GChart mapping (37.3% and 48.0%, respectively; p < 0.01) from abnormal to normal in the myopic normal eye group when using the long axial length normative database. The study revealed that clinicians could utilize a long axial length database to effectively decrease the number of false-positive diagnoses or to correctly identify highly myopic normal eyes misdiagnosed as glaucomatous eyes.
Association between surgeon age and postoperative complications/mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Jung Yeongin , Kim Kihun , Choi Sang Tae , Kang Jin Mo , Cho Noo Ree , Ko Dai Sik , Kim Yun Hak
Published: July 2022

The surgical workforce, like the rest of the population, is ageing. This has raised concerns about the association between the age of the surgeon and their surgical outcomes. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on postoperative mortality and major morbidity according to the surgeons’ age. The search was performed on February 2021 using the Embase, Medline and CENTRAL databases. Postoperative mortality and major morbidity were evaluated as clinical outcomes. We categorized the surgeons’ age into young-, middle-, and old-aged surgeons. We compared the differences in clinical outcomes for younger and older surgeons compared to middle-aged surgeons. Subgroup analyses were performed for major and minor surgery. Ten retrospective cohort studies on 29 various surgeries with 1,666,108 patients were considered. The mortality in patients undergoing surgery by old-aged surgeons was 1.14 (1.02–1.28, p = 0.02) (I2 = 80%) compared to those by middle-aged surgeon. No significant differences were observed according to the surgeon’s age in the major morbidity and subgroup analyses. This meta-analysis indicated that surgeries performed by old-aged surgeons had a higher risk of postoperative mortality than those by middle-aged surgeons. Thus, it necessitates the introduction of a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the performance of senior surgeons.
Contamination level, sources, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in suburban vegetable field soils of Changchun, Northeast China
Authors: Cui Zhengwu , Wang Yang , Du Liansheng , Yu Yong
Published: July 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants. With the expansion of the city, the suburban environment is being increasingly polluted by PAHs, which pose a huge potential risk for suburban agriculture. Therefore, we conducted a survey focusing on the pollution level, sources, and risk of PAHs in Changchun suburban vegetable soils, Northeast China. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs (Σ16PAHs) in soils were between 2338.2 and 15,200 ng g−1 (mean 6778.1 ng g−1), which were significantly higher than those in most other cities. High molecular weight PAHs were the major components, which occupied over 85.63% of all PAHs. Seven potential carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 56.96% of the Σ16PAHs. Source apportionment results based on the ratio of PAH isomers and principal components analysis showed that PAHs were primarily derived from pyrolysis sources, such as biomass/coal combustion, traffic emissions, and petroleum. Ecological risk values of PAHs were between effects range-low (ERL) and effects range-median (ERM), which might cause occasionally ecological risks in the suburbs. According to the incremental lifetime cancer risk assessment results, the health risks to the exposed population were in the acceptable level, with dermal contact and ingestion being the predominant exposure pathway.
Fabrication of near-invisible solar cell with monolayer WS2
Authors: He Xing , Iwamoto Yuta , Kaneko Toshiro , Kato Toshiaki
Published: July 2022

Herein, we developed a near-invisible solar cell through a precise control of the contact barrier between an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS2), grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The contact barrier between WS2 and ITO was controlled by coating various thin metals on top of ITO (Mx/ITO) and inserting a thin layer of WO3 between Mx/ITO and the monolayer WS2, which resulted in a drastic increase in the Schottky barrier height (up to 220 meV); this could increase the efficiency of the charge carrier separation in our Schottky-type solar cell. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell with the optimized electrode (WO3/Mx/ITO) was more than 1000 times that of a device using a normal ITO electrode. Large-scale fabrication of the solar cell was also investigated, which revealed that a simple size expansion with large WS2 crystals and parallel long electrodes could not improve the total power (PT) obtained from the complete device even with an increase in the device area; this can be explained by the percolation theory. This problem was addressed by reducing the aspect ratio (width/channel length) of the unit device structure to a value lower than a critical threshold. By repeating the experiments on this optimized unit device with an appropriate number of series and parallel connections, PT could be increased up to 420 pW from a 1-cm2 solar cell with a very high value (79%) of average visible transmission (AVT).
Changes in physical activity patterns of students from primary to secondary school: a 5-year longitudinal study
Authors: Okazaki Kanzo , Koyama Yuzo , Ohkawara Kazunori
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to annually examine anthropometric characteristics and physical activity (PA) among children transitioning from fourth grade (9–10 years of age) to eighth grade (13–14 years of age) in Japan. The participants’ (n = 63) age, grade, sex, weight, height, and weight status were recorded at baseline. Accelerometry assessments were performed annually following established protocols. Time spent on activities requiring ≥ 3 metabolic equivalents (METs), 1.6–2.9 METs, and ≤ 1.5 METs were defined as moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and sedentary behavior (SB), respectively. Two linear mixed models were used to examine whether MVPA, LPA, and SB min/day changed over time. Fifty-five participants provided complete data. A significant, nonlinear, longitudinal decline in MVPA, an increase in SB, and a linear decline in LPA were observed. Changes in MVPA and SB were accelerated in seventh grade (12–13 years of age). Male sex and maintenance of normal weight status were associated with higher MVPA levels. Changes in LPA and SB were not associated with sex or weight status. During the transition period from primary to secondary school, MVPA and SB showed nonlinear accelerations. Sex and normal weight were associated with more time spent performing MVPA.
Aerosol emissions from wind instruments: effects of performer age, sex, sound pressure level, and bell covers
Authors: Volckens John , Good Kristen M. , Goble Dan , Good Nicholas , Keller Joshua P. , Keisling Amy , L’Orange Christian , Morton Emily , Phillips Rebecca , Tanner Ky
Published: July 2022

Aerosol emissions from wind instruments are a suspected route of transmission for airborne infectious diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated aerosol number emissions (from 0.25 to 35.15 μm) from 81 volunteer performers of both sexes and varied age (12 to 63 years) while playing wind instruments (bassoon, clarinet, flute, French horn, oboe, piccolo, saxophone, trombone, trumpet, and tuba) or singing. Measured emissions spanned more than two orders of magnitude, ranging in rate from < 8 to 1,815 particles s−1, with brass instruments, on average, producing 191% (95% CI 81–367%) more aerosol than woodwinds. Being male was associated with a 70% increase in emissions (vs. female; 95% CI 9–166%). Each 1 dBA increase in sound pressure level was associated with a 28% increase (95% CI 10–40%) in emissions from brass instruments; sound pressure level was not associated with woodwind emissions. Age was not a significant predictor of emissions. The use of bell covers reduced aerosol emissions from three brass instruments tested (trombone, tuba, and trumpet), with average reductions ranging from 53 to 73%, but not for the two woodwind instruments tested (oboe and clarinet). Results from this work can facilitate infectious disease risk management for the performing arts.
The upper percolation threshold and porosity–permeability relationship in sandstone reservoirs using digital image analysis
Authors: Payton Ryan L. , Chiarella Domenico , Kingdon Andrew
Published: July 2022

Subsurface sandstone deposits represent globally ubiquitous reservoirs which can potentially provide the characteristics necessary for the effective geological storage of CO2. Geological carbon storage is widely agreed to be a key asset in tackling anthropogenic emissions and climate change to reach a sustainable ‘net zero’, despite the present financial challenges associated with it. Therefore, improved understanding of the characteristics of the materials in which we plan to store many gigatons of CO2 is critical. Developing cheaper characterisation techniques is therefore crucial to support the global push for net zero. In this work we use digital analysis of 3D microscale X-ray images of a range of sandstone samples to constrain the porosity–permeability relationship and the upper percolation threshold; the point at which near full pore structure connectivity is achieved. This is one of the most significant controls on the viability of carbon storage as a practical solution to achieving net zero. We find that the upper percolation threshold in sandstone occurs at ca. 14% total porosity whilst the relationship between porosity ($$\phi$$
ϕ
) and permeability ($$K$$
K
) can be defined as $$K={10}^{5.68} {\phi }^{3.88}$$

K
=

10

5.68

ϕ

3.88

. The investigation of the upper percolation threshold may allow a target criterion to be designated when assessing potential carbon storage reservoirs, whilst investigation of the porosity–permeability relationship allows for a greater understanding of the fluid flow regimes in the subsurface. By using a digital technique to assess carbon storage reservoir potentiality we show that initial characterisation of reservoirs can be carried out rapidly and relatively economically, prior to further full reservoir characterisation studies. This approach is also non-destructive, allowing samples to be reused and multiple analytical phases performed on the same materials.
Paninvasion severity assessment of a U.S. grape pest to disrupt the global wine market
Authors: Huron Nicholas A. , Behm Jocelyn E. , Helmus Matthew R.
Published: July 2022

Economic impacts from plant pests are often felt at the regional scale, yet some impacts expand to the global scale through the alignment of a pest’s invasion potentials. Such globally invasive species (i.e., paninvasives) are like the human pathogens that cause pandemics. Like pandemics, assessing paninvasion risk for an emerging regional pest is key for stakeholders to take early actions that avoid market disruption. Here, we develop the paninvasion severity assessment framework and use it to assess a rapidly spreading regional U.S. grape pest, the spotted lanternfly planthopper (Lycorma delicatula; SLF), to spread and disrupt the global wine market. We found that SLF invasion potentials are aligned globally because important viticultural regions with suitable environments for SLF establishment also heavily trade with invaded U.S. states. If the U.S. acts as an invasive bridgehead, Italy, France, Spain, and other important wine exporters are likely to experience the next SLF introductions. Risk to the global wine market is high unless stakeholders work to reduce SLF invasion potentials in the U.S. and globally.
Engineering of ultraID, a compact and hyperactive enzyme for proximity-dependent biotinylation in living cells
Authors: Kubitz Lea , Bitsch Sebastian , Zhao Xiyan , Schmitt Kerstin , Deweid Lukas , Roehrig Amélie , Barazzone Elisa Cappio , Valerius Oliver , Kolmar Harald , Béthune Julien
Published: July 2022

Proximity-dependent biotinylation (PDB) combined with mass spectrometry analysis has established itself as a key technology to study protein-protein interactions in living cells. A widespread approach, BioID, uses an abortive variant of the E. coli BirA biotin protein ligase, a quite bulky enzyme with slow labeling kinetics. To improve PDB versatility and speed, various enzymes have been developed by different approaches. Here we present a small-size engineered enzyme: ultraID. We show its practical use to probe the interactome of Argonaute-2 after a 10 min labeling pulse and expression at physiological levels. Moreover, using ultraID, we provide a membrane-associated interactome of coatomer, the coat protein complex of COPI vesicles. To date, ultraID is the smallest and most efficient biotin ligase available for PDB and offers the possibility of investigating interactomes at a high temporal resolution.
Persistent red blood cells retain their ability to move in microcapillaries under high levels of oxidative stress
Authors: Besedina Nadezhda A. , Skverchinskaya Elisaveta A. , Shmakov Stanislav V. , Ivanov Alexander S. , Mindukshev Igor V. , Bukatin Anton S.
Published: July 2022

Oxidative stress is one of the key factors that leads to red blood cells (RBCs) aging, and impairs their biomechanics and oxygen delivery. It occurs during numerous pathological processes and causes anaemia, one of the most frequent side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Here, we used microfluidics to simulate the microcirculation of RBCs under oxidative stress induced by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide. Oxidative stress was expected to make RBCs more rigid, which would lead to decrease their transit velocity in microfluidic channels. However, single-cell tracking combined with cytological and AFM studies reveals cell heterogeneity, which increases with the level of oxidative stress. The data indicates that the built-in antioxidant defence system has a limit exceeding which haemoglobin oxidation, membrane, and cytoskeleton transformation occurs. It leads to cell swelling, increased stiffness and adhesion, resulting in a decrease in the transit velocity in microcapillaries. However, even at high levels of oxidative stress, there are persistent cells in the population with an undisturbed biophysical phenotype that retain the ability to move in microcapillaries. Developed microfluidic analysis can be used to determine RBCs’ antioxidant capacity for the minimization of anaemia during cancer chemotherapy.
Advances and challenges of aluminum–sulfur batteries
Authors: Klimpel Matthias , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V.
Published: July 2022

The search for cost-effective stationary energy storage systems has led to a surge of reports on novel post-Li-ion batteries composed entirely of earth-abundant chemical elements. Among the plethora of contenders in the ‘beyond lithium’ domain, the aluminum–sulfur (Al–S) batteries have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their low cost and high theoretical volumetric and gravimetric energy densities (3177 Wh L−1and 1392 Wh kg−1). In this work, we offer an overview of historical and present research pursuits in the development of Al–S batteries with particular emphasis on their fundamental problem—the dissolution of polysulfides. We examine both experimental and computational approaches to tailor the chemical interactions between the sulfur host materials and polysulfides, and conclude with our view on research directions that could be pursued further.
Synthesis of aryldifluoromethyl aryl ethers via nickel-catalyzed suzuki cross-coupling between aryloxydifluoromethyl bromides and boronic acids
Authors: Lu Heng , Xiao Ruo-Xuan , Shi Chang-Yun , Song Zi-Lan , Lin Hou-Wen , Zhang Ao
Published: July 2022

As a unique organofluorine fragment, gem-difluoromethylated motifs have received widespread attention. Here, a convenient and efficient synthesis of aryldifluoromethyl aryl ethers (ArCF2OAr’) was established via Nickel-catalyzed aryloxydifluoromethylation with arylboronic acids. This approach features easily accessible starting materials, good tolerance of functionalities, and mild reaction conditions. Diverse late-stage difluoromethylation of many pharmaceuticals and natural products were readily realized. Notably, a new difluoromethylated PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor was conveniently synthesized and showed both improved metabolic stability and enhanced antitumor efficacy. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested the involvement of a Ni(I/III) catalytic cycle.
Kibble-Zurek mechanism for nonequilibrium phase transitions in driven systems with quenched disorder
Authors: Reichhardt C. J. O. , del Campo A. , Reichhardt C.
Published: July 2022

We show that the Kibble-Zurek mechanism applies to nonequilibrium phase transitions found in driven assemblies of superconducting vortices and colloids moving over quenched disorder where a transition occurs from a plastic disordered flowing state to a moving anisotropic crystal. We measure the density of topological defects as a function of quench rate through the nonequilibrium phase transition, and find that on the ordered side of the transition, the topological defect density ρd scales as a power law, $${\rho }_{{{{{{{{\rm{d}}}}}}}}}\propto 1/{t}_{{{{{{{{\rm{q}}}}}}}}}^{\beta }$$

ρ

d

∝
1
/

t

q

β

, where tq is the quench time duration, consistent with the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. We show that scaling with the same exponent holds for varied strengths of quenched disorder and that the exponents fall in the directed percolation universality class. Our results suggest that the Kibble-Zurek mechanism can be applied to the broader class of systems that exhibit absorbing phase transitions.
Single-cell analysis of the aging female mouse hypothalamus
Authors: Hajdarovic Kaitlyn H. , Yu Doudou , Hassell Lexi-Amber , Evans Shane A. , Packer Sarah , Neretti Nicola , Webb Ashley E.
Published: July 2022

Alterations in metabolism, sleep patterns, body composition and hormone status are all key features of aging. While the hypothalamus is a well-conserved brain region that controls these homeostatic and survival-related behaviors, little is known about the intrinsic features of hypothalamic aging. Here, we perform single-nuclei RNA sequencing of 40,064 hypothalamic nuclei from young and aged female mice. We identify cell type-specific signatures of aging in neuronal subtypes as well as astrocytes and microglia. We uncover changes in cell types critical for metabolic regulation and body composition and in an area of the hypothalamus linked to cognition. Our analysis also reveals an unexpected female-specific feature of hypothalamic aging: the master regulator of X inactivation, Xist, is elevated with age, particularly in hypothalamic neurons. Moreover, using machine learning, we show that levels of X chromosome genes and Xist itself, can accurately predict cellular age. This study identifies critical cell-specific changes of the aging hypothalamus in mammals and uncovers a potential marker of neuronal aging in females.
A polydiacetylene (PDA) impregnated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane for sensitive detection of fluoride ions
Authors: Thakuri Ankit , Acharya Raghunath , Banerjee Mainak , Chatterjee Amrita
Published: July 2022

We have developed a polydiacetylene (PDA) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane for sensitive solid-phase detection of fluoride. The method was successfully used for water and toothpaste analysis and validated by ion chromatography.
An in-depth mechanistic study of the p-hydroxyphenylglycine synthetic process using in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy
Authors: Mao Hai-Fang , Xing Hui-Min , Jin Miao-Miao , Liu Ji-Bo , Yao Yue-Liang , Zhao Yun
Published: July 2022

The in situ ATR-IR technique was used as a powerful tool to gain insight into the synthetic process of p-HPG. This aided in disclosing the important intermediates for the first time and achieving mechanistic understanding of the process.
Derivatization-assisted immunoassays: application for group-specific detection of potent methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomers
Authors: Morita Izumi , Kiguchi Yuki , Oyama Hiroyuki , Yamaki Kouya , Sakio Nami , Kashiwabara Keisuke , Kuroda Yumi , Ito Aya , Yokota Asaka , Ikeda Natsumi , Kikura-Hanajiri Ruri , Ueda Hiroshi , Numazawa Satoshi , Yoshida Takemi , Kobayashi Norihiro
Published: July 2022

Chemical derivatization into larger molecules has generated a monoclonal antibody that enables group-specific immunochemical detection of potent methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomers.
A carrier-free metal–organic hybrid nanoassembly with combination anti-viral and hepato-protective activity for hepatitis B treatment
Authors: Dong He , Hong Xiaodan , He Yingjiao , Bao Zhengxiang , Zhang Ying , Shen Shiyang , Wang Guangji , Zhang Jingwei , Mo Ran
Published: July 2022

Co-delivery of an anti-viral agent, tenofovir and an anti-inflammation compound, glycyrrhetinic acid by a carrier-free metal–organic hybrid nanoassembly is reported for combination anti-viral and hepato-protective treatment of hepatitis B.
Synergistic effects of nanoattapulgite and hydroxyapatite on vascularization and bone formation in a rabbit tibia bone defect model
Authors: Ma Jiayi , Wu Siyu , Liu Jun , Liu Chun , Ni Su , Dai Ting , Wu Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhenyu , Qu Jixin , Zhao Hongbin , Zhou Dong , Zhao Xiubo
Published: July 2022

The incorporation of ATP increased printing fidelity and mechanical properties of bioscaffolds. Simultaneously, PVA/COL/ATP/HA-incorporated scaffolds showed enhanced osteogenic effects and induced more vascularization bothin vitroandin vivo.
In situ-crosslinked hydrogel-induced experimental glaucoma model with persistent ocular hypertension and neurodegeneration
Authors: Lin Jicheng , Xue Jingfei , Xu Qian , Liu Zhe , Zhao Chunyu , Tang Jiahui , Han Jiaxu , A Sigen , Wang Wenxin , Zhuo Yehong , Li Yiqing
Published: July 2022

We designed an in situ-forming HB–PEG/HA–SH hydrogel suitable for intracameral injection and induced a persistent and stable ocular hypertension model. We integrated a standardized system of chronic ocular hypertension model evaluation.
A novel active mitochondrion-selective fluorescent probe for the NIR fluorescence imaging and targeted photodynamic therapy of gastric cancer
Authors: Ding Jie , Kang Xing , Feng Min , Tan Jiangkun , Feng Qingzhao , Wang Xingzhou , Wang Jiafeng , Liu Jiang , Li Zan , Guan Wenxian , Qiao Tong
Published: July 2022

Cy1395-NPs selectively accumulate in gastric cancer cells through attachment mediated by integrin αvβ3 and target the mitochondria, achieving NIR fluorescence imaging and PDT via the generation of 1O2 under laser irradiation.
Urokinase loaded black phosphorus nanosheets for sequential thrombolysis and reactive oxygen species scavenging in ischemic stroke treatment
Authors: Wang Dongya , Zhao Qianqian , Qin Jingcan , Guo Yuanyuan , Zhang Chuan , Li Yuehua
Published: July 2022

uPA is loaded on BPNs as a nanodrug. uPA can be delivered firstly for thrombus dissolution. Secondly, the residual BPNs after uPA release can cross the BBB with the assistance of 808 nm laser irradiation and eliminate reactive oxygen species.
Copper-catalyzed asymmetric propargylic substitution with salicylaldehyde-derived imine esters
Authors: Wang Ruo-Qing , Shen Chong , Cheng Xiang , Dong Xiu-Qin , Wang Chun-Jiang
Published: July 2022

Cu-catalyzed asymmetric propargylic substitution with salicylaldehyde-derived imine esters was successfully realized, generating a series of chiral amino acid derivatives containing propargylic groups with excellent results.
Substrate-directed divergent synthesis of fused indole polycycles through Rh(ii)-catalyzed cascade reactions of bis(diazo)indolin-2-ones
Authors: Zhao Yang , Niu Xinyue , Yang Hong , Yang Jing , Wang Zhizeng , Wang Qilin
Published: July 2022

Herein, we report a substrate-directed diverse synthetic strategy toward two kinds of structurally intriguing fused indole polycycles through Rh(ii)-catalyzed cascade reactions of bis(diazo)indolin-2-ones with enaminones.
Correlation anisotropy driven Kosterlitz–Thouless-type quantum phase transition in a Kondo simulator
Authors: Zhou Wang-Huai , Zhang Jun , Nan Nan , Li Wei , He Ze-Dong , Zhu Zhan-Wu , Wu Yun-Pei , Xiong Yong-Chen
Published: July 2022

Insights into the correlation anisotropy driven Kosterlitz–Thouless-type quantum phase transition, by modeling an FePc molecule adsorbed on the Au(111) surface with an Anderson model.
Electric field and strain engineering tuning Rashba spin splitting in quasi-one-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (MV)AI3Cl2 (MV = methylviologen, A = Bi, Sb)
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Shouyu , Xiao Zhifeng , Wong-Ng Winnie , Zhou Wei , Liu Weifang
Published: July 2022

Polarization and strain tuning of the Rashba spin-texture in quasi-one-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (MV)AI3Cl2 can be applied in spin field-effect-transistors and photovoltaic cells.
The complicating role of pnictogen bond formation in the solution-phase and solid-state structures of the heavier pnictogen atranes
Authors: Moaven Shiva , Villanueva Olivia H. , Unruh Daniel K. , Cozzolino Anthony F.
Published: July 2022

Pnictogen bonding complicates the solid- and solution-state structures of the simplest stibatrane, shedding light on a 56-year-old mystery.
A microporous chromium-organic framework fabricatedviasolvent-assisted metal metathesis for C2H2/CO2separation
Authors: Lu Ting-Ting , Fan Ying-Yi , Wang Xiao-Ning , Wang Qiang , Li Bao
Published: July 2022

An iso-structural Cr-MOF has been constructed based on one novel Fe-MOF by post-synthetic metalation, which exhibits potential C2H2separation ability from CO2and C2H4.
A universal strategy for green and in situ synthesis of carbon dot-based pickling solution
Authors: He Chuang , Li Xue-Qi , Feng Gan-Lin , Long Wu-Jian
Published: July 2022

A universal strategy for green and in situ synthesis of carbon dot-based pickling solution with high inhibition efficiency.
Quantification routines for full 3D elemental distributions of homogeneous and layered samples obtained with laboratory confocal micro XRF spectrometers
Authors: Förste Frank , Bauer Leona , Heimler Korbinian , Hansel Bastian , Vogt Carla , Kanngießer Birgit , Mantouvalou Ioanna
Published: July 2022

Confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy can be performed with laboratory spectrometers for elemental imaging and quantification with 3D resolution.
Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa MvfR in the battle against biofilm formation: a multi-level computational approach
Authors: Vieira Tatiana F. , Magalhães Rita P. , Cerqueira Nuno M. F. S. A. , Simões Manuel , Sousa Sérgio F.
Published: July 2022

Computer aided drug design (CADD) methodology was used to discover new inhibitors of MvfR, an important quorum-sensing (QS) transcriptional regulator in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Highly active reduced graphene oxide supported Ni nanoparticles for C–S coupling reactions
Authors: Rana Surjyakanta , Velázquez Jose J. , Jonnalagadda S. B.
Published: July 2022

Air-stable Ni nanoparticles (with particle size ∼ 11 nm) supported on reduced graphene oxide [Ni(0)@RGO] was prepared by a simple and easy procedure.
A fluorogenic probe for TRPA1 channel imaging based on a molecular rotation mechanism
Authors: Yin Zhengji , Peng Junli , Qiao Zhen , Zhang Yanru , Wei Ningning
Published: July 2022

A fluorescent probe for selectively visualizing the TRPA1 channel and rapidly screening its regulators.
Theoretically investigating the ability of phenanthroline derivatives to separate transuranic elements and their bonding properties
Authors: Zhang Yiying , Wu Shouqiang , Li Anyong
Published: July 2022

The bonding and separation properties of actinide Np3+, Pu3+, Am3+, and Cm3+complexes formed with phenanthroline derivatives were studied using the DFT method.
Synthesis and characterization of NiCo-X (X = OH, S, Se, P) nanodiscs and comparison of their electrocatalytic performances in an electrochemical sensing platform
Authors: Farokhi Somayeh , Roushani Mahmoud , Hosseini Hadi
Published: July 2022

In this paper, NiCo-X (X = OH, S, P, Se) nanodiscs (NDs) were synthesized. Firstly, nickel-cobalt hydroxide (NiCo-OH) precursors with a nanodisc-like structure were prepared by a hydrothermal method.
Coherent InP/ZnS core@shell quantum dots with narrow-band green emissions
Authors: Nemoto Kazuhiro , Watanabe Junpei , Sun Hong-Tao , Shirahata Naoto
Published: July 2022

We report, for the first time, that the coherent growth of zinc sulfide (ZnS) on a colloidal indium phosphide (InP) quantum dot (QD) yields a InP/ZnS core/shell structure with a single lattice constant of 0.563 nm.
Constructing oriented two-dimensional fish scale-like Gd@MXene barrier walls in polyvinyl alcohol to achieve excellent neutron shielding properties
Authors: Zhu Xinguo , Zhang Xianlong , Guo Shaoyun
Published: July 2022

The increasing utilization of nuclear energy and radiation medicine has urged flexible neutron shielding materials for personal protection.
Materials nanoarchitectonics in a two-dimensional world within a nanoscale distance from the liquid phase
Authors: Ariga Katsuhiko
Published: July 2022

This short review article describes recent approaches to materials nanoarchitectonics in a liquid-based two-dimensional world, i.e., interfacial regions within a nanoscale distance from the liquid phase.
Photocatalytic CO2conversion: from C1 products to multi-carbon oxygenates
Authors: Zhang Quan , Yang Chao , Guan Anxiang , Kan Miao , Zheng Gengfeng
Published: July 2022

This review focuses on the recent research progress in photocatalytic CO2conversion systems from C1 products to multi-carbon oxygenates.
Selective C3–H nitration of 2-sulfanilamidopyridines withtert-butyl nitrite
Authors: Wang Huifang , Ge Guoping , Gao Wenqing , Luo Junfei , Tang Keqi
Published: July 2022

A selective C3–H nitration of bioactive 2-sulfanilamidopyridine derivatives, including corticosteroid 11-β-dehydrogenase isozyme, secretory phospholipase A2inhibitor and human neutrophil elastase inhibitor, has been reported.
ALD based nanostructured zinc oxide coated antiviral silk fabric
Authors: Kumar Udit , Fox Candace R. , Feit Corbin , Kolanthai Elayaraja , Sheiber Jeremy , Fu Yifei , Singh Sushant , Banerjee Parag , Parks Griffith D. , Seal Sudipta
Published: July 2022

This study presents an antiviral self-cleaning fabric for masks/PPE applications with protection against human coronavirus.
Understanding the role of Cu+/Cu0sites at Cu2O based catalysts in ethanol production from CO2electroreduction -A DFT study
Authors: Sun Liren , Han Jinyu , Ge Qingfeng , Zhu Xinli , Wang Hua
Published: July 2022

Cu+site facilitates the adsorption and stabilization of *CO. The preferable formation of *CHO on Cu+makes C–C coupling reaction happen with *CO on the adjacent Cu0under a lower energy barrier. The Cu+/Cu0sites favor the pathway toward ethanol.
Oriented self-assembly of metal–organic frameworks driven by photoinitiated monomer polymerization
Authors: Fan Fuqiang , Zhang Zhihui , Zeng Qingqi , Zhang Liying , Zhang Xuemin , Wang Tieqiang , Fu Yu
Published: July 2022

The self-assembly of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is crucial for the functional design of materials, including energy storage materials, catalysts, selective separation materials and optical crystals.
Phase and morphology of calcium carbonate precipitated by rapid mixing in the absence of additives
Authors: Song Kyungsun , Bang Jun-Hwan , Chae Soo-Chun , Kim Jeongyun , Lee Seung-Woo
Published: July 2022

Vaterite with various polymorphs was prepared using different solution pH values. The effects of local solution differences in pH were systematically investigated.
A regio- and stereoselective Heck–Matsuda process for construction of γ-aryl allylsulfonyl fluorides
Authors: Qin Hao-Yong , Gui Houying , Zhang Zai-Wei , Shu Tao , Qin Hua-Li
Published: July 2022

A Heck–Matsuda reaction of aryl diazoniums with allylsulfonyl fluorides for the construction of γ-aryl allylsulfonyl fluorides was developed.
Highly conductive CNT aerogel synthesizedviaan inert FC-CVD technique: a step towards a greener approach
Authors: Sehrawat Manoj , Rani Mamta , Dariyal Pallvi , Bharadwaj Sony , Dhakate S. R. , Singh Bhanu Pratap
Published: July 2022

The accumulation of hydrogen gas molecules generatedin situas a byproduct of chemical reactions enhances the reducing ambient conditions of the otherwise inert FC-CVD reactor which improves the quality of the CNTs.
Free-base porphyrin polymer for bifunctional electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Ge Yulu , Lyu Zhenhua , Marcos-Hernández Mariana , Villagrán Dino
Published: July 2022

Water splitting is considered a promising approach for renewable and sustainable energy conversion.
Solvent dielectric delimited nitro–nitrito photorearrangement in a perylenediimide derivative
Authors: Mazumder Aniruddha , Sebastian Ebin , Hariharan Mahesh
Published: July 2022

The unprecedented photorearrangement of nitro-perylenediimide (NO2-PDI) to nitrito-perylenediimide (ONO-PDI) is shown to occur through a cyclic six-membered transition state triggered by visible-light excitation.
Plasmonic Au nanoparticle sandwiched CuBi2O4/Sb2S3photocathode with multi-mediated electron transfer for efficient solar water splitting
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Ghosh Chandi Charan , Meena Bhagatram , Ma Tianyi , Subrahmanyam Challapalli
Published: July 2022

Charge transfer in CuBi2O4/Au/Sb2S3photocathode.
Self-assembly of carbon nanodots induced by liquid–liquid phase separation in a surface microdroplet
Authors: Li Miaosi , Wei Xiaotian , Bao Lei
Published: July 2022

The film, porous and granular nanostructures are generated from evaporating carbon dot-laden ternary droplets. Liquid–liquid phase separation during evaporation is unravelled as a critical role in the controlled self-assembly of carbon nanodots.
Origin of enhanced reversible Na ion storage in hard carbon anodes through p-type molecular doping
Authors: Lee Gi-Hyeok , Hwang Taesoon , Kim Jae-Bum , Yang Junghoon , Zou Feng , Cho Maenghyo , Kang Yong-Mook
Published: July 2022

Phosphate doped hard carbons have shown a significant capacity increase accompanied by an additional plateau in its voltage profile. The work reveals the co-contribution of oxygen atoms in phosphate and carbon atoms for the additional Na-ion storage.
Tracking the nanoparticle exsolution/reoxidation processes of Ni-doped SrTi0.3Fe0.7O3−δ electrodes for intermediate temperature symmetric solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Santaya Mariano , Jiménez Catalina Elena , Troiani Horacio Esteban , Carbonio Emilia Andrea , Arce Mauricio Damián , Toscani Lucia Maria , Garcia-Diez Raul , Wilks Regan George , Knop-Gericke Axel , Bär Marcus , Mogni Liliana Verónica
Published: July 2022

In situ NAP-XPS and XAS are used to elucidate the mechanisms of the exsolution/reoxidation process in Sr0.93Ti0.3Fe0.63Ni0.07O3−δ (STFN) perovskite, used as an electrode for intermediate temperature-SOFC.
Multi-site functional cathode interlayers for high-performance binary organic solar cells
Authors: Chen Zhihui , Li Qi , Jiang Yufeng , Lee Hyunbok , Russell Thomas P. , Liu Yao
Published: July 2022

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) amino derivatives are used as multi-site functional interlayers, whose chemical stability with non-fullerene acceptors is clarified, affording a remarkable efficiency of 18.50%, among the highest in binary organic photovoltaics.
Y2Ti2O5S2 – a promising n-type oxysulphide for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Brlec Katarina , Spooner Kieran B. , Skelton Jonathan M. , Scanlon David O.
Published: July 2022

A hybrid-DFT study shows Y2Ti2O5S2 is a promising earth-abundant thermoelectric with maximum ZT of 1.18 at 1000 K.
Ångstrom-scale silver particles potently combat SARS-CoV-2 infection by suppressing the ACE2 expression and inflammatory responses
Authors: Deng Yong-Qiang , Wang Zhen-Xing , Liu Xin , Wang Yi-Yi , Chen Qi , Li Zhao-Long , Zheng Bai-Song , Ye Qing , Gong Jiang-Shan , Zhu Guo-Qiang , Cao Tian-Shu , Situ Wei-Yi , Qin Cheng-Feng , Xie Hui , Zhang Wen-Yan
Published: July 2022

The F-AgÅP spray was developed as a safe SARS-CoV-2 prevention and treatment agent. F-AgÅPs downregulated the ACE2 expression and impaired proinflammatory factors without respiratory and systemic toxicity.
XSnS3 (X = Ga, In) monolayer semiconductors as photo-catalysts for water splitting: a first principles study
Authors: Naseri Mosayeb , Salahub Dennis R. , Vu Tuan V. , Zakaryae Haman
Published: July 2022

Two new stable 2D monolayer semiconductors including 2D GaSnS3 and InSnS3 monolayers with moderate indirect band gaps, good absorption properties in the visible region and promise for water-splitting applications are predicted.
Microwave-magnetic field dual-response raspberry-like microspheres for targeted and repeated self-healing from electrical damage of insulating composites
Authors: Sun Potao , Zhao Mingke , Sima Wenxia , Yuan Tao , Yang Ming , Liu Fengqi , Niu Chaolu , Deng Qin
Published: July 2022

Microwave–magnetic field dual-response raspberry-like microspheres exhibit both the steric hindrance effect of nanoparticles and self-healing function, which is an example of a no-shell-type microcapsule self-healing system.
Ethanol-assisted synthesis of two-dimensional tin(ii) halide perovskite single crystals for amplified spontaneous emission
Authors: Ding Guanchu , He Xianxiong , Zhang Haihua , Fu Hongbing
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we develop a novel ethanol-assisted strategy to synthesize high-quality tin(ii)-based 2D perovskite single crystals (TEA)2(MA)n−1SnnI3n+1 (n = 1 or 2), which are demonstrated to have low-threshold amplified spontaneous emissions at 20 K.
Coexistence of luminescence and spin-crossover in 2D iron(ii) Hofmann clathrates modulated through guest encapsulation
Authors: Turo-Cortés Rubén , Meneses-Sánchez Manuel , Delgado Teresa , Bartual-Murgui Carlos , Muñoz M. Carmen , Real José Antonio
Published: July 2022

The combination of fluorescence and spin crossover (SCO) properties modulated through the encapsulation of benzenic guests enables the obtention of new multifunctional materials.
A novel high‐frequency floating resonant gate driver with reduced gate driving loss
Authors: Gu Cheng , Qian Qinsong , Wang Yanting , Ding Song , Zhou Ziyan , Dong Tianhao , Sun Weifeng
Published: July 2022

Conventional resistive gate driving circuits suffer from significant recovery gate driving losses, especially at MHz ranges. The increasing gate driving losses brought by high switching frequency place a limitation to the high power density converter design. This paper proposes a novel floating resonant gate driver which maintains high efficiency at several megahertz operating frequency. The gate loss reduction is achieved by adopting a resonant process with driving power recycling. Part of the gate driving power can be recycled to a gate driving capacitor in the gate driving loop during charging and discharging. The proposed gate driver merges the merits of fast switching speed and low gate driving losses. A prototype of LLC power converter with the proposed floating resonant gate driver operating at 3.5 MHz is implemented. According to the experimental verification, the proposed gate driver realized a driving loss reduction by 70% and theoretical analysis is in good agreement with experimental results.
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE)
Authors: Alei Eleonora , Konrad Björn S. , Angerhausen Daniel , Grenfell John Lee , Mollière Paul , Quanz Sascha P. , Rugheimer Sarah , Wunderlich Fabian ,   the LIFE Collaboration
Published: July 2022

Context.An important future goal in exoplanetology is to detect and characterize potentially habitable planets. Concepts for future space missions have already been proposed: from a large UV-optical-infrared space mission for studies in reflected light, to the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE) for analyzing the thermal portion of the planetary spectrum. Using nulling interferometry, LIFE will allow us to constrain the radius and effective temperature of (terrestrial) exoplanets, as well as provide unique information about their atmospheric structure and composition.

Aims.We explore the potential of LIFE for characterizing emission spectra of Earth at various stages of its evolution. This allows us (1) to test the robustness of Bayesian atmospheric retrieval frameworks when branching out from a modern Earth scenario while still remaining in the realm of habitable (and inhabited) exoplanets, and (2) to refine the science requirements for LIFE for the detection and characterization of habitable, terrestrial exoplanets.

Methods.We performed Bayesian retrievals on simulated spectra of eight different scenarios, which correspond to cloud-free and cloudy spectra of four different epochs of the evolution of the Earth. Assuming a distance of 10 pc and a Sun-like host star, we simulated observations obtained with LIFE using its simulator LIFEsim,considering all major astrophysical noise sources.

Results.With the nominal spectral resolution(R= 50) and signal-to-noise ratio (assumed to be S/N = 10 at 11.2 μm), we can identify the main spectral features of all the analyzed scenarios (most notably CO2, H2O, O3, and CH4). This allows us to distinguish between inhabited and lifeless scenarios. Results suggest that O3 and CH4in particular yield an improved abundance estimate by doubling the S/N from 10 to 20. Neglecting clouds in the retrieval still allows for a correct characterization of the atmospheric composition. However, correct cloud modeling is necessary to avoid biases in the retrieval of the correct thermal structure.

Conclusions.From this analysis, we conclude that the baseline requirements for R and S/N are sufficient for LIFE to detect O3and CH4in the atmosphere of an Earth-like planet with an O2abundance of around 2% in volume mixing ratio. Doubling the S/N would allow a clearer detection of these species at lower abundances. This information is relevant in terms of the LIFE mission planning. We also conclude that cloud-free retrievals of cloudy planets can be used to characterize the atmospheric composition of terrestrial habitable planets, but not the thermal structure of the atmosphere. From the inter-model comparison performed, we deduce that differences in the opacity tables (caused by, e.g., a different line wing treatment) may be an important source of systematic errors.
Shielding of rotor noise by plates and wings
Authors: Carley Michael
Published: July 2022

A method of noise reduction proposed for the next generation of aircraft is to shield noise from the propulsion system, by positioning the noise source over a wing or another surface. In this paper, an approximate analysis is developed for the acoustic field far from a circular source placed near the edge of a semi-infinite plate, a model problem for shielding of noise by a wing and for scattering by a trailing edge. The approximation is developed for a source of small radius and is found to be accurate when compared to full numerical evaluation of the field.
Erhöhung der Sicherheit in der mikrochirurgischen
Brustrekonstruktion – Technik und Technologie
Authors: Bigdeli Amir Khosrow , Momeni Arash , Kneser Ulrich
Published: July 2022

Die mikrochirurgische Rekonstruktion mit freien Lappenplastiken hat sich als
Standardverfahren in der Brustrekonstruktion etabliert. Dabei kann heute mit
Hilfe des freien Gewebetransfers eine natürliche und ästhetisch
anspruchsvolle Rekonstruktion der weiblichen Brust auch nach modifizierter
radikaler Mastektomie und Bestrahlung erreicht werden. In den letzten
Jahrzehnten wurden die mikrochirurgischen Techniken weitgehend standardisiert.
Zahlreiche neue Entnahmestellen und Lappenplastiken wurden beschrieben, die
entsprechend der lokalen Gewebeverfügbarkeit eine individualisierte
Rekonstruktion mit großer Patientinnenzufriedenheit ermöglichen.
Infolgedessen hat sich der Fokus der mikrochirurgischen Brustrekonstruktion vom
reinen „Lappenüberleben“ hin zur Maximierung des
ästhetischen Ergebnisses auch unter Berücksichtigung der
Hebedefektmorbidität verlagert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden
aktuelle Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet mit einem besonderen Fokus auf
Operationstechniken und Technologien, die dazu beitragen, die Sicherheit der
mikrochirurgischen Brustrekonstruktion zu erhöhen, beschrieben.
Electrosynthesis: A Practical Way to Access Highly Reactive Intermediates
Authors: Lam Kevin
Published: July 2022

Electrosynthesis is undergoing a renaissance, but it is still far from being considered a standard method within the chemists’ synthetic toolbox. In this article, we will demystify organic electrochemistry by reviewing some practical methodologies developed in our laboratory to prepare highly reactive synthetic intermediates.

1 Introduction

2 Acyloxy Radicals

3 Orthoesters

4 Isocyanates

5 Isocyanides

6 Diazo Compounds

7 Conclusion
Assessment of Knowledge of Radiography Students about Personnel Radiation Monitoring Devices and Their Use
Authors: Prajapati Jyoti , Kumar Raushan , Boora Navreet , Sah Niraj K.
Published: July 2022

Background Personnel radiation monitoring equipment monitors the level of exposure to radiation and personnel will have to wear a personnel device for radiation detection while working. Personnel monitoring equipment is usually worn by a worker for 3 months.

Aim This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of radiology students about personnel radiation monitoring devices and their use.

Materials and Methods A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was performed in the College of Paramedical Sciences, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Delhi–Road Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. This questionnaire-based study was performed for the period time of 1 year from June 2020 to May 2021. A validated questionnaire was circulated among undergraduate and postgraduate radiology students.

Result In this study the questionnaire was filled by a total of 140 students who were pursuing bachelor's and master's degree programs, including 61% (86) males and 39% (54) females from the radiology department. According to the data master's knowledge levels are greater than the bachelor's level. The level of knowledge of monitoring devices among MRIT (M.Sc. in Radiology and Imaging Technology) second year (81%) is more than those of MRIT first year (80%), BRIT (B.Sc. in Radiology and Imaging Technology) third year (65%), and BRIT second year (66%).

Conclusion It is concluded that there is a lack of awareness about personnel radiation monitoring systems. The level of knowledge of personnel radiation monitoring devices among students remains at a medium level from the results of our students as it has been concluded that master's knowledge level is greater than the bachelor's level. The level of knowledge of monitoring devices increases with the age of the students and the year completed.