bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Identification of Rhizosphere Trichoderma spp. and Their Antagonistic Impact Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Al-qaysi Safaa Al-deen Ahmed Shanter , Alwan Adel Hamdan
Published: April 2016

The main aim of this study was to molecular identification and determine the antagonistic impact of rhizosphere Trichoderma spp. against some phytopathogenic fungi, including (Magnaporthe grisea) pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phasolina. Four Trichoderma isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soils of the different host plants in different locations of Egyptian governorates. The morphological characterization of isolated Trichoderma as well as using of (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) ribosomal gene sequence acquisition and data analyses. By comparing the results of DNA sequences of ITS region, the fungi represented one isolate were positively identified as T. asperellum (1 isolate T1) and one as T. longibrachiatum (1 isolate T2) and two as Trichoderma harzianum (2 isolates T3 and T4). The results showed similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence of the two isolates, T1 (T. asperellum) and T2 (T. longibrachiatum) of (99%, 99%), respectively. The similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence with isolates of T3, T4 (T. harzianum) of (99%). On the other side, the results of molecular identification of phytopathogenic fungi represented high similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence and were identified as P.oryzae, R. solani and M. phasolina (99, 96 and 99%) respectively. Variations and genetic relationships among 4 Trichoderma isolates were investigated by using the Rapid Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles using ten random primers. All Trichoderma isolates were assessed for their antagonistic impact on phytopathogens P. oryzae, R. solani and M. phasolina. Though T. harzianum isolates were more affects than T. longibrachiatum and T. asperellum isolates, the percent inhibitory effect among T. harzianum isolates were vary much (44.8 to 91.6%). The inhibitory effect of T. asperellum isolates ranged from 42.2 to (86.0%), while T. longibrachiatum exhibiting affect ranged between (47.5%) to (83.8%).
Indirect Method for Optimal Control Problem Using Boubaker Polynomial
Authors: Ouda Eman Hassan , Ibraheem Samaa Fuad , Fahmi Imad Noah Ahmed
Published: April 2016

In this paper, a computational method for solving optimal problem is presented, using indirect method (spectral methodtechnique) which is based on Boubaker polynomial. By this method the state and the adjoint variables are approximated by Boubaker polynomial with unknown coefficients, thus an optimal control problem is transformed to algebraic equations which can be solved easily, and then the numerical value of the performance index is obtained. Also the operational matrices of differentiation and integration have been deduced for the same polynomial to help solving the problems easier. A numerical example was given to show the applicability and efficiency of the method. Some characteristics of this polynomial which can be used for solving optimal control problems have been deduced and studied for any future work.
On (σ,τ)-Derivations and Commutativity of Prime and Semi prime Γ-rings
Authors: Ibraheem Afrah Mohammad
Published: April 2016

Let R be a Г-ring, and σ, τ be two automorphisms of R. An additive mapping d from a Γ-ring R into itself is called a (σ,τ)-derivation on R if d(aαb) = d(a)α σ(b) + τ(a)αd(b), holds for all a,b ∈R and α∈Γ. d is called strong commutativity preserving (SCP) on R if [d(a), d(b)]α = [a,b]α(σ,τ) holds for all a,b∈R and α∈Γ. In this paper, we investigate the commutativity of R by the strong commutativity preserving (σ,τ)-derivation d satisfied some properties, when R is prime and semi prime Г-ring.
The Impact of Operating System on Bandwidth in Open VPN Technology
Authors: Abdulmohsin Husam Ali , Hasan Samer Sami , Setapa Sharipah
Published: April 2016

The internet is a basic source of information for many specialities and uses. Such information includes sensitive data whose retrieval has been one of the basic functions of the internet. In order to protect the information from falling into the hands of an intruder, a VPN has been established. Through VPN, data privacy and security can be provided. Two main technologies of VPN are to be discussed; IPSec and Open VPN. The complexity of IPSec makes the OpenVPN the best due to the latter’s portability and flexibility to use in many operating systems. In the LAN, VPN can be implemented through Open VPN to establish a double privacy layer(privacy inside privacy). The specific subnet will be used in this paper. The key and certificate will be generated by the server. An authentication and key exchange will be based on standard protocol SSL/TLS. Various operating systems from open source and windows will be used. Each operating system uses a different hardware specification. Tools such as tcpdump and jperf will be used to verify and measure the connectivity and performance. OpenVPN in the LAN is based on the type of operating system, portability and straightforward implementation. The bandwidth which is captured in this experiment is influenced by the operating system rather than the memory and capacity of the hard disk. Relationship and interoperability between each peer and server will be discussed. At the same time privacy for the user in the LAN can be introduced with a minimum specification.
A case of uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot with preeclampsia: an anesthetic challenge for cesarean section
Authors: Bhar Debasish , Maji Sunanda , Das Aditi , Bhar (Kundu) Sudeshna , Mandal Ratan Chandra
Published: April 2016

Women with cardiovascular diseases may present for cesarean delivery. We present a case of anesthetic management for cesarean section in a patient with uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot complicated with preeclampsia. No definite guideline or information is available in the textbook or literature about the management of such a case. A 21 year primigravida was admitted in our institute with breathlessness on normal day to day life activity. Her blood pressure was 160/100 mmHg, oxygen saturation 85-86% in room air and she had ejection systolic murmur of grade three intensity along the left sternal border. Her echocardiography which was done in the first trimester revealed tetralogy of Fallot with moderate to severe right ventricular outlet obstruction with hypoplastic pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve. Proteinurea was detected on bedside urine examination. The patient was posted for emergency cesarean section due to non-reassuring fetal heart rate associated with preeclamsia. Magnesium sulfate 10 gm intramuscularly was given for seizure prophylaxis and general anesthesia was administered using etomidate as induction agent. The objective of anesthetic management mainly depends on maintaining of systemic vascular resistance and decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance. In preeclampsia systemic vascular resistance is already elevated. Thus treatment of preeclampsia may worsen cyanosis, so we avoided labetalol to reduce blood pressure. Intra-operative and post-operative periods were uneventful and baby had good apgar scores. So we can conclude that cesarean section in patient with both tetralogy of Fallot and preeclampsia can be managed successfully with general anesthesia using techniques which maintain systemic vascular resistance.
A randomized comparative study of preloading with Ringers lactate and intravenous Ephedrine for the prevention of hypotension due to propofol during induction of general anesthesia
Authors: Pradhan Manisha , Jha Brahma Dev
Published: April 2016

Background: The ideal method to prevent hypotension due to intravenous propofol for induction of anesthesia is still debatable. The aim of the study was to compare the hemodynamic response of ephedrine and volume loading with ringer lactate in preventing the hypotension caused by propofol as inducing agent in patients scheduled for elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.Methods: This was prospective randomized study conducted in 40 patients of ASA physical status I, aged 20-50 years, scheduled for elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Group I received intravenous ephedrine sulphate (70 mcg/kg) just before induction of anaesthesia, and patients assigned to Group II received preloading with Ringer's lactate (12 ml/kg) over the 10-15 minutes before the administration of propofol. The variables compared were heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure following induction of anesthesia till 10 minutes after intubation of trachea.Results: We found that there were increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure after induction in both the groups but the difference between the groups was not significant. The increase in heart rate was found to be significantly higher in ephedrine group in comparison to volume loading group.Conclusion: Our study showed that both the methods used were equally effective in preventing hypotension induced by propofol in the adult ASA physical status I patients requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. However, the heart rate was significantly higher in patients receiving ephedrine in comparison to volume loading group.
Obtaining Soluble Folded Proteins from Inclusion Bodies Using Sarkosyl, Triton X‐100, and CHAPS: Application to LB and M9 Minimal Media
Authors: Massiah Michael A. , Wright Katharine M. , Du Haijuan
Published: April 2016

This unit describes a straightforward and efficient method of using sarkosyl to solubilize and recover difficult recombinant proteins, such as GST‐ and His6‐tagged fusion proteins, that are overexpressed in E. coli. This protocol is especially useful for rescuing recombinant proteins overexpressed in M9 minimal medium. Sarkosyl added to lysis buffers helps with both protein solubility and cell lysis. Higher percentage sarkosyl (up to 10%) can extract >95% of soluble protein from inclusion bodies. In the case of sarkosyl‐solubilized GST‐fusion proteins, batch‐mode affinity purification requires addition of a specific ratio of Triton X‐100 and CHAPS, while sarkosyl‐solubilized His6‐tagged fusion proteins can be directly purified on Ni2+ resin columns. Proteins purified by this method could be widely used in biological assays, structure analysis and mass spectrum assay. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Construction of a Sequencing Library from Circulating Cell‐Free DNA
Authors: Fang Nan , Löffert Dirk , Akinci‐Tolun Rumeysa , Heitz Katja , Wolf Alexander
Published: April 2016

Circulating DNA is cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in serum or plasma that can be used for non‐invasive prenatal testing, as well as cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and stratification. High‐throughput sequence analysis of the cfDNA with next‐generation sequencing technologies has proven to be a highly sensitive and specific method in detecting and characterizing mutations in cancer and other diseases, as well as aneuploidy during pregnancy. This unit describes detailed procedures to extract circulating cfDNA from human serum and plasma and generate sequencing libraries from a wide concentration range of circulating DNA. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Immunoblotting and Immunodetection
Authors: Ni Duojiao , Xu Peng , Gallagher Sean
Published: April 2016

Immunoblotting (western blotting) is used to identify specific antigens recognized by polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. This unit provides protocols for all steps, starting with solubilization of the protein samples, usually by means of SDS and reducing agents. Following solubilization, the material is separated by SDS‐PAGE and the antigens are electrophoretically transferred to a membrane, a process that can be monitored by reversible staining with Ponceau S. The transferred proteins are bound to the surface of the membrane, providing access to immunodetection reagents. After nonspecific binding sites are blocked, the membrane is probed with the primary antibody and washed. The antibody‐antigen complexes are tagged with fluorophores, horseradish peroxidase, or alkaline phosphatase coupled to a secondary anti‐IgG antibody, and detected using appropriate fluorescent imaging technologies or with chromogenic or luminescent substrates. Finally, membranes may be stripped and reprobed. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Analysis of Individual Signaling Complexes by mMAPS, a Flow‐Proteometric System
Authors: Chou Chao‐Kai , Tsou Pei‐Hsiang , Hsu Jennifer L. , Lee Heng‐Huan , Wang Ying‐Nai , Kameoka Jun , Hung Mien‐Chie
Published: April 2016

Signal transduction is essential for maintaining normal cell physiological functions, and deregulation of signaling can lead to diseases such as diabetes and cancers. Some of the major players in signal delivery are molecular complexes composed of proteins and nucleic acids. This unit describes a technique called microchannel for multiparameter analysis of proteins in a single complex (mMAPS) for analyzing and quantifying individual target signaling complexes. mMAPS is a flow‐proteometric system that allows detection of individual proteins or complexes flowing through a microfluidic channel. Specific target proteins and nucleic acids labeled by fluorescent tags are harvested from tissues or cultured cells for analysis by the mMAPS system. Overall, mMAPS enables both detection of multiple components within a single complex and direct quantification of different populations of molecular complexes in one setting in a short timeframe and requiring very low sample input. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Metabolomics by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Combined Targeted and Untargeted Profiling
Authors: Fiehn Oliver
Published: April 2016

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)–based metabolomics is ideal for identifying and quantitating small‐molecule metabolites (<650 Da), including small acids, alcohols, hydroxyl acids, amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, sterols, catecholamines, drugs, and toxins, often using chemical derivatization to make these compounds sufficiently volatile for gas chromatography. This unit shows how GC‐MS‐based metabolomics allows integration of targeted assays for absolute quantification of specific metabolites with untargeted metabolomics to discover novel compounds. Complemented by database annotations using large spectral libraries and validated standard operating procedures, GC‐MS can identify and semiquantify over 200 compounds from human body fluids (e.g., plasma, urine, or stool) per study. Deconvolution software enables detection of more than 300 additional unidentified signals that can be annotated through accurate mass instruments with appropriate data processing workflows, similar to untargeted profiling using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. GC‐MS is a mature technology that uses not only classic detectors (quadrupole) but also target mass spectrometers (triple quadrupole) and accurate mass instruments (quadrupole–time of flight). This unit covers sample preparation from mammalian samples, data acquisition, quality control, and data processing. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Structure and anisotropy of the crust in the Cyclades, Greece, using receiver functions constrained by in situ rock textural data
Authors: Cossette Élise , Audet Pascal , Schneider David , Grasemann Bernhard
Published: April 2016

Seismic anisotropy data are often used to resolve rock textures and deformation in the crust based on compilations of rock properties that may not be representative of the local geology. In this paper, we use teleseismic receiver functions jointly with in situ rock property data to constrain the seismic structure and anisotropy of the crust in the Cyclades, Greece, located in the back‐arc region of the Hellenic subduction zone. The receiver function data indicate that the Moho is relatively flat at 25 km depth toward the south and deepens to 33 km in the north, consistent with previous studies, and reveal an intracrustal discontinuity at depths varying from 3 to 11 km, mostly observed in the south central Aegean. Harmonic decomposition of the receiver functions further indicates the presence of both shallow and deep crustal anisotropy related to crustal structures. We model synthetic receiver functions based on constraints from in situ rock properties that we measured using the electron backscatter diffraction technique. Our results indicate that the shallow upper crustal layer is characterized by metapelites with ~5% anisotropy, underlain by a 20 km thick and possibly anisotropic layer of high‐pressure rocks comprising blueschist and eclogite and/or restitic crust resulting from magmatism. This study demonstrates the importance of rock textural data in the interpretation of seismic velocity profiles.
Animating the Primary Literature for Students and Other Curious People
Authors: Scholl Joshua P. , Ryan Will H. , Mutz Jessie
Published: April 2016

The increasing availability of digital technology in biology classrooms has facilitated an on‐going transition from traditional lectures to the use of multimedia tools such as videos and interactive software. While most existing educational multimedia focus on illustrating textbook concepts, few address the process of science by linking those concepts with the researchers and their studies as reported and received in the primary literature. With the support of a 2015 ESA Centennial grant, we teamed up with students and university‐affiliated artists to create four original animated videos of classic ecology papers of the last century. The videos were showcased at the 2015 Centennial Meeting Sunday Plenary and continue to be available for free viewing and sharing at http://ecomotionstudios.com/. Since their debut, the videos have received over 8000 views, have been employed as educational tools in undergraduate classrooms, and have been promoted as outreach tools by science media outlets including on the homepage for the journal, The American Naturalist. Here, we argue that the potential for artistry, narrative structure, and connection to the research process make animation an invaluable and underutilized medium for sharing primary literature with students and public audiences. We envision the future of ecology as one where decreasing video production costs and the opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration available at universities lead to increased production of visual media to supplement education and broadly communicate primary ecological research.
Possible relationship between common genetic variation and white matter development in a pilot study of preterm infants
Authors: Krishnan Michelle L. , Wang Zi , Silver Matt , Boardman James P. , Ball Gareth , Counsell Serena J. , Walley Andrew J. , Montana Giovanni , Edwards Anthony David
Published: April 2016

Background

The consequences of preterm birth are a major public health concern with high rates of ensuing multisystem morbidity, and uncertain biological mechanisms. Common genetic variation may mediate vulnerability to the insult of prematurity and provide opportunities to predict and modify risk.

Objective

To gain novel biological and therapeutic insights from the integrated analysis of magnetic resonance imaging and genetic data, informed by prior knowledge.

Methods

We apply our previously validated pathway‐based statistical method and a novel network‐based method to discover sources of common genetic variation associated with imaging features indicative of structural brain damage.

Results

Lipid pathways were highly ranked by Pathways Sparse Reduced Rank Regression in a model examining the effect of prematurity, and PPAR (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor) signaling was the highest ranked pathway once degree of prematurity was accounted for. Within the PPAR pathway, five genes were found by Graph Guided Group Lasso to be highly associated with the phenotype: aquaporin 7 (AQP7), malic enzyme 1, NADP(+)‐dependent, cytosolic (ME1), perilipin 1 (PLIN1), solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 1 (SLC27A1), and acetyl‐CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1). Expression of four of these (ACAA1, AQP7, ME1, and SLC27A1) is controlled by a common transcription factor, early growth response 4 (EGR‐4).

Conclusions

This suggests an important role for lipid pathways in influencing development of white matter in preterm infants, and in particular a significant role for interindividual genetic variation in PPAR signaling.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE DETERMINATION OF BOND ANGLES OF TRIATOMIC RADICALS FROM ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE DATA
Authors: BURTON B. , CLAXTON T. A. , HAMSHERE S. J. , MARSHALL H. E. , OVERILL R. E. , SYMONS M. C. R.
Published: April 2016

Für das neutrale Radikal BH; und die isoelektronische Reihe Nä′, N02, CO; , B03′ und BF2 werden ab initio‐UHF(unrestricted Hartree‐Fock)‐ und vollständige CI(configuration interaction)‐Berechnungen durchgeführt, um die Zuverlässigkeit einer Gleichung von Coulson, in der der Bindungswinkel mit der Orbitalhybridisierung am Zentralatom verknüpft ist, theoretisch zu testen.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORUS‐31 SPIN‐LATTICE RELAXATION. 2. INORGANIC RING AND CHAIN PHOSPHATES
Authors: GLONEK T. , WANG P. J. , VAN WAZER J. R.
Published: April 2016

Für cyclische Metaphosphate mit 3‐8 P‐Atomen, Di‐, Tri‐ und Tetrapolyphosphate sowie sehr langkettige Phosphate wird die 3′P‐Spin‐Gitter‐Relaxation in verdünnten H20′ bzw. D2O‐Lösungen in Abhängigkeit vom pH, von der Wahl des 1‐wertigen Kations und der Molekülgröße untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMICS OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID IN DIOXANE‐WATER MIXTURES
Authors: DAS P. K. , MISHRA U. C.
Published: April 2016

Aus EMK‐ Messungen der Kette A werden die Standardpotentiale der Ag‐AgCl‐Elektrode in 10, 30, 40 und 60 Gew. % Dioxan‐H,O‐Mischungen bei 25, 30, 35, 40 und 45°C sowie die Aktivitätskoeffizienten von HCl bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: MAGNETIC, ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL STUDIES OF VANADIUM TITANIUM OXIDE (V1‐XTIXO2) (O ≤ X ≤ 0.06)
Authors: HOERLIN T. , NIKLEWSKI T. , NYGREN M.
Published: April 2016

Die Metall‐ Isolator‐Phasenumwandlung im Titelsystem wird mit Hilfe von NMR‐, DTA‐, Röntgenbeugungs‐, magnetischen Suszeptibilitäts‐ und elektrischen Leitfähigkeitsmessungen über große Temperaturbereiche (DTA 100‐400 K) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: AN INVESTIGATION OF SOME MODIFIED SILVER IODIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTES CONTAINING ARSENATE, DICHROMATE, AND DIMOLYBDATE ANIONS
Authors: LAZZARI M. , SCROSATI B. , VINCENT C. A.
Published: April 2016

Die leitenden Phasen der 3 modifizierten AgJ‐Festelektrolyte, die Ag3AsO4, Ag2Cr,O7 bzw. Ag2Mo2O7 enthalten, werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: TENSIOSTATIC STUDIES ON FORMATION AND BREAKDOWN OF ANODIC OXIDE FILMS ON TUNGSTEN IN ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS
Authors: DI PAOLA A. , DI QUARTO F.
Published: April 2016

Der komplexe Einfluß von H+‐ und Cl‐‐Ionen auf das anodische Verhalten von W wird durch Variation der HCl‐Konzentration (0,05m ‐1 2m) und unabhängig davon der Cl‐‐Konzentration (durch KCl‐Zusatz) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF REDUCTION OF HEXACHLORORUTHENATE(IV) IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTIONS
Authors: COOK J. A. , RICE D. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Reduktion von RuClä′ durch Br′ in 6,15 mol dm′3 HCl ist 1. Ordnung bezüglich der Konzentrationen beider Reaktanten und führt zu den Reaktionsprodukten RuClä′ und Br2.
ChemInform Abstract: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF IRON(III) PORPHYRIN DIMERS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: GOFF H. , MORGAN L. O.
Published: April 2016

Die magnetischen Momente von meso‐Tetrakis‐[4‐sulfonatophenyl]‐, ‐[4‐carboxyphenyl]‐ und ‐[N‐methylpyridyl‐(4)]‐porphinato‐eisen(III), Deuteroporphinatoeisen(III)‐chlorid, Eisen(III)‐deuteroporphyrin‐2,4‐disulfonsäure und Hämin c wurden bei verschiedenen Temperaturen, pH‐Werten und Ionenstärken gemessen und zeigen bei den ersten drei Verbindungen in neutraler Lösung durch ihre niedrigen Werte das Vorhandensein von Oxobrücken.
ChemInform Abstract: LIGAND DISPLACEMENT FROM TETRAKIS(OO′‐DIETHYL PHOSPHORODITHIOATE)LANTHANOID(III) ANIONS BY TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE. X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (LA(S2P(OET)2)3(POPH3)2) AND (SM(S2P(OET)2)2(POPH3)3)(S2P(OET)2)
Authors: PINKERTON A. A. , SCHWARZENBACH D.
Published: April 2016

(POPh3)2] and [Sm S2P(OEt), ,(POPh3)3][S,P(OEt),].
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal and Molecular Structure of [Ni(Me4[14]hexaenato N4)]2(CF3SO3)2 : Conversion of a Metal‐Stabilized π‐Radical to a Diamagnetic Dimer with a Long Metal‐Metal Bond and Eclipsed Macrocyclic Ligands upon Crystallization.
Authors: PENG S.‐M. , IBERS J. A. , MILLAR M. , HOLM R. H.
Published: April 2016

Der in verdünnter nicht wässriger Lösung als ein monomeres, paramagnetisches Spezies vorliegende Ni‐ Tetraazamakrocyclus‐Komplex stellt ein durch Ni(II) stabilisiertes ISH‐Elektron‐Kationradikal (I) dar, in dem das ungepaarte Elektron über das 14‐gliedrige Ringsystem delokalisiert ist.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, AND X‐RAY STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL SEVEN‐COORDINATE HALOGENOTRIS(DITHIOCARBAMATO) COMPLEX OF RUTHENIUM(IV)
Authors: GIVEN K. W. , MATTSON B. M. , PIGNOLET L. H.
Published: April 2016

Die photochemische Oxidation von Tris‐[dimethyl(bzw. diäthyl)dithiocarbamato]‐ruthenium in CHCl3 oder CHgClg oder Reaktion mit gasförmigem HCl in Benzol liefert zwei neue chlorhaltige Verbindungen, von denen das diäthylsubstituierte Produkt als der pentagonal‐bipyramidale Komplex (I) formuliert und durch NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen charakterisiert wurde.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF PROPANEDIOL‐CHROMIUM(III) SPECIES IN ACIDIC SOLUTION
Authors: SHOWALTER K. C. , KING E. L.
Published: April 2016

Kinetische und Gleichgewichtsuntersuchungen der Reaktionen von Cr(H,O)ä in sauren wässrigen Lösungen mit Propandiol‐(1,2) und Propandiol‐(1,3) werden angestellt zum Vergleich der Eigenschaften der Systeme, in denen Chelatringe mit fünf und mit sechs Atomen auftreten.
ChemInform Abstract: ELIMINATION REACTIONS IN THE 8‐SUBSTITUTED TRICYCLO(7.3.1.02,7)TRIDECANE SERIES. VII. PYROLYTIC ELIMINATION OF 8‐METHYLTRICYCLO(7.3.1.02,7)TRIDECENE 13‐ACETATES
Authors: BARBULESCU N. S. , LECA M.
Published: April 2016

Die aus dem Tricyclotridecandiol (I) durch Umsetzung mit Zinkchlorid und Acetanhydrid hergestellten Tricyclotridecenacetate (II) und (III) werden bei 490°C zusammen pyrolysiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL REARRANGEMENTS OF TROPOLONE ETHERS. PART 4
Authors: HARRISON R. M. , HOBSON J. D. , MIDGLEY A. W.
Published: April 2016

Das Zstündige Erhitzen der Äther (I) in Cymol ergibt über die Diendione (II) die Umlagerungsprodukte (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOELIMINATION IN N‐SUBSTITUTED BENZAMIDES
Authors: COYLE J. D. , KINGSTON D. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse verschiedener N‐substituierter Benzamide (I)‐(IV) wird diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC REDUCTION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY YEAST. II. PREPARATION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE α‐ AND β‐HYDROXY CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES
Authors: DEOL B. S. , RIDLEY D. D. , SIMPSON G. W.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Fermentation mit einer sterilen Mutante von Saccharomyces cerevisiae entstehen unter kontrollierten Bedingungen durch asymm. Reduktion aus den α‐Ketocarbonsäurederivaten (I) die (R)‐oz‐Hydroxycarbonsäurederivate (II), aus den entsprechenden β‐Ketocarbonsäurederivaten die (SHS‐Hydroxycarbonsäurederivate (III) und aus den cyclischen Ketonen (IV) die (1R,2S)‐2‐Hydroxycycloalkancarbonsäureester (V).
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC HYDROGENOLYSIS OF STRAIGHT‐CHAIN 1,2‐EPOXYALKANES OVER COBALT‐PHOSPHORUS CATALYSTS
Authors: ISOGAI K. , OGINO T. , HONMA Y. , KAZAMA T.
Published: April 2016

Durch Reduktion von Kobaltphosphat mit Wasserstoff bei Temperaturen von 650°C werden Kobalt‐Phosphor‐Katalysatoren mit und ohne Aluminiumoxid als Träger hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: THE PREPARATION OF POLYMERIC ORGANOPHOSPHORUS LIGANDS FOR CATALYST ATTACHMENT
Authors: GRUBBS R. H. , SU S. C. H.
Published: April 2016

Mit 2 oder 20% Divinylbenzol vernetztes Polystyrol läßt sich mit dem 1:l‐Komplex des n‐Butyllithiums mit Tetramethyläthylendiamin lithiieren.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATING BENZENE WITH PROPYLENE IN THE PRESENCE OF A PROMOTING BOROFLUORIDE‐CONTAINING CATALYST
Authors: SIDOROV V. A. , LAZAREVA E. V.
Published: April 2016

Die Alkylierung von Benzol mit Propylen bei Temperaturen von 50‐200°C und Drucken bis zu ca. 30 at wird in Gegenwart eines Katalysators untersucht, der aus bei 500°C geglühtem Aluminiumoxid hergestellt wurde, das mit einer 2‐8%igen Lösung von Tetrafluoroborsäure imprägniert, bei 175 bis .300°C getrocknet und mit Borfluorid gesättigt wurde.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF MAGNESIUM ATOMS WITH CYCLIC KETONES
Authors: WESCOTT L. D. JUN. , WILLIFORD C. , PARKS F. , DOWLING M. , SUBLETT S. , KLABUNDE K. J.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung von Mg mit Cyclopentanon bzw. Cyclohexanon bei 77°K erhält man Cyclopenten und 1,1 ′‐Dihydroxydicyclopentyl bzw. Cyclohexen und 1,1′‐Dihydroxydicyclohexyl neben anderen Produkten.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF METALLOCYCLOBUTANE DERIVATIVES OF TUNGSTEN‐ EVIDENCE FOR THE MECHANISM OF OLEFIN METATHESIS
Authors: EPHRITIKHINE M. , GREEN M. L. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Belichtung der Komplexe (I) ergibt in Hexan bei Raumtemperatur die Olefine (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CONJUGATE ADDITION OF B‐ALKENYL‐9‐BORABICYCLO(3.3.1)NONANES TO METHYL VINYL KETONE. A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF Γ,Δ‐UNSATURATED KETONES
Authors: JACOB P. III , BROWN H. C.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Hydroborierung der Acetylene (I) gebildeten Organoborane (II) reagieren mit dem Vinylketon (III) zu den intermediären Borinaten (IV), deren Hydrolyse die ungesättigten Ketone (V); liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIC UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS. 63. COMPOSITION OF EQUILIBRIUM MIXTURES OF ALKYLCYCLOPENTADIENES
Authors: MIRONOV B. A. , YANKOVSKII S. A. , DOLGAYA M. E. , ANDRONOV B. F.
Published: April 2016

Die im Titel genannten Gemische enthalten 1‐(I) und 2‐Alkylcyclopentadien (II) im Verhältnis 44:56 und mindestens 1% der S‐Alkylverbindung (III), wobei die Zusammensetzung nicht von der Art der Alkylgruppen abhängt.
ChemInform Abstract: ALLYLIC PHOSPHINE OXIDES AS PRECURSORS OF CONJUGATED DIENES OF DEFINED GEOMETRY
Authors: LYTHGOE B. , MORAN T. A. , NAMBUDIRY M. E. N. , RUSTON S.
Published: April 2016

Die (Z)‐Allylalkohole (I) können über ihre 2,6‐Dichlorbenzoate in die geometrisch homogenen Phosphinoxide (II) übergeführt werden, aus denen mittels Horner‐Reaktion in einem Schritt die konjugierten Diene (III) dargestellt werden, in denen die ursprüngliche (Z)‐Konfiguration erhalten ist.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF N,4‐DINITROSO‐N‐METHYLANILINE
Authors: EGIDIS F. M. , KARPOVICH A. V. , PANKOVA T. V. , VOLKOTRUB M. N.
Published: April 2016

Das durch Nitrosierung von N‐Methylanilin (I) erhaltene N‐Nitrosoderivat (II) läßt sich in Methanol oder Äthanol in Ausbeuten bis zu 90% zum 4‐Nitrosoderivat (III) umlagern.
ChemInform Abstract: IODO‐BIS(QUATERNARY AMMONIUM) SALTS. POTENTIAL CARTILAGE‐SELECTIVE X‐RAY CONTRAST AGENTS
Authors: VAN OOTEGHAM S. P. , SMITH R. G. , DAVES G. D. JUN. , EL‐MAZATI A. , CHAN E. M. , OLSEN G. D. , RIKER W. K.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Diaminen (II) entstehen mit den Benzylchloriden (I) Bis‐ bzw. Monosubstitutionsprodukte (III) bzw. (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CYANIDE ION‐CATALYZED REACTION OF 2‐BROMO‐3‐PHENYLPROP‐2‐ENAL WITH METHANOL
Authors: VISHWAKARMA L. G. , WALIA J. S.
Published: April 2016

Bei tropfenweiser Zugabe (15 min , 24°C ; dann 16 h stehengelassen) einer methanolischen Lösung von KCN zu einer methanolischen Lösung des Propenals (I) (direkte Addition) bzw. beim Umkehren des Vorganges (inverse Addition) ‐ aber 2 h bei ‐12°C bis 0°C und anschließend 3 h bei 24°C ‐ bilden sich die Ester (II), (III) und (IV) im Verhältnis 10:48:42 bzw. 45:1:54 (Ermittlung der Werte durch Gas‐flüssig‐Chromatographie bei 155°C).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYL ARYL SULFIDES FROM THE INTERACTION OF ARYL THIOCYANATES AND ALCOHOLS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OR OF TRIALKYL PHOSPHITES
Authors: FLOWERS W. T. , HOLT G. , OMOGBAI F. , POULOS C. P.
Published: April 2016

Arylthiocyanate (I) reagieren mit prim. Alkoholen (II) glatt zu Sulfiden, wie z.B. (III).
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON MEDICINAL AGENTS. 21. INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF CONFORMATIONAL FACTORS IN THE ACTION OF DIPHENYLPROPYLAMINES. SYNTHESIS AND ANALGETIC POTENCY OF 5‐METHYLMETHADONE DIASTEREOMERS
Authors: HENKEL J. G. , BERG E. P. , PORTOGHESE P. S.
Published: April 2016

Konformative Einflüsse auf die pharmakologische Wirkung von Diphenylpropylaminen werden untersucht und hierzu entsprechende, z.Tl. stereospezifische Synthesen beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIBENZO(A,C,G)CYCLOUNDECA‐2,12‐DIENE AND THE NATURE OF ITS (11)ANNULENYL ANION
Authors: DAGAN A. , RABINOVITZ M.
Published: April 2016

Durch Kondensation von Homo‐phthalaldehyd (I) mit Biphenyl‐2′2′‐bis‐triphenylphosphoniumbromid (II) nach Wittig entsteht mit 10% Ausbeute ein Gemisch der beiden cyclischen Diolefine (III) und (IV), die getrennt und mit dem Dimethylsulfinyl‐Carbanion (V) in das Anion (VI) übergeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: POTENTIAL BIOREDUCTIVE ALKYLATING AGENTS. 7. ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF PHENYL‐SUBSTITUTED 2‐CHLOROMETHYL‐3‐PHENYL‐1,4‐NAPHTHOQUINONES
Authors: LIN A. J. , SARTORELLI A. C.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Kondensation mit den Diazoniumsalzen (II) entstehen aus den Naphthochinonen (I) die Aryl‐Verbindungen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME 2‐ALKOXY‐ AND 2‐ARYLOXY‐1,3‐DIOXOLANES
Authors: SOULIER J. , FARINES M. , AUTHIER R. M. , FOURNIER M.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Glykolen (I) und den Orthoestern (II) werden die 2‐Alkoxy‐dioxolane (IIIa) erhalten, die mit Phenolen zu den 2‐Aryloxy‐Derivaten (IIIb) weiterreagieren.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND SCREENING OF SOME SUBSTITUTED 3,5‐DIOXOPYRAZOLIDINES
Authors: NASR H. , EL‐ZANFALLY S. , KHALIFA M. , ABU‐SHADY H.
Published: April 2016

Die Malonsäurediäthylester (I) werden mit Hydrazin bzw. Phenylhydrazin (II) zu den Dioxopyrazolidinen (III) umgesetzt und anschließend mit den p‐substituierten Benzoy1= chloriden (IV) substituiert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF HYDRAZIDIC HALIDES WITH CYANOACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES
Authors: SHAWALI A. S. , HASSANEEN H. M. , SAMI M. , FAHHAM H. M.
Published: April 2016

Die Kondensation der Bromide (I) mit Cyanessigsäurederivaten (II) liefert die funktionellen Pyrazole (III).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF METHYLBENZIMIDAZOLES WITH CERIC AMMONIUM NITRATE
Authors: TALATY C. N. , ZENKER N. , CALLERY P. S.
Published: April 2016

5,6‐Dimethylbenzimidazol (I) wird mit Cer‐ammonium‐nitrat zum Aldehyd (II) neben geringen Mengen an Chinon (III) oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLES FROM YLIDES. PART V. REACTIVITY OF 4‐ARYLMETHYLENE‐Δ2‐ISOXAZOLIN‐5‐ONES WITH STABILIZED SULFUR YLIDES
Authors: CROCE P. D.
Published: April 2016

Aus Dimethylsulfonium‐phenacylid (I) und den 4‐Arylmethylen‐AZ‐isoxazolin‐S‐onen (II) entstehen unter Eliminierung von Dimethylsulfid die Spirocyclen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ISOTHIAZOLES VII‐ N‐HYDROXYALKYLATION AND MANNICH REACTION OF 4‐ISOTHIAZOLIN‐3‐ONE
Authors: WEILER E. D. , MILLER G. A.
Published: April 2016

Aus 3,3′‐Dithiodipropionamid (I) ist das 4‐Isothiazolinon (II) zugänglich.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐SUBSTITUTED 2‐(P‐AMINOSTYRYL)BENZOTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: VAZ C. J. F. , BHUMGARA S. K. , NADKARNY V. V.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Nitrostyrylbenzothiazolen (Ia) werden die Amine (Ib) dargestellt und mit Phenylisocyanat zu den Harnstoffen (Ic), mit dem Naphthaldehyd (II) zu den Schiffschen Basen (Id) und mit den Triazinen (III) zu den Derivaten (Ie) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROFURANYL HETEROCYCLES. XIII. N‐METHYL‐3‐METHYLTHIO‐5‐(5‐NITRO‐2‐FURANYL)‐1H‐1,2,4‐TRIAZOLES
Authors: BANJAMIN L. E. , SNYDER H. R.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem 5‐Furanyl‐3‐methylmercapto‐triazol (I) entsteht das 1‐Acetyl‐Derivat (II), das zu (III) nitriert und gespalten werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF 2′‐HYDROXYCHALCONE WITH HYDRAZOIC ACID
Authors: CACCHI S. , PALMIERI G. , MISITI D.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung des Chalkons (I) mit Na‐azid führt zu den Verbindungen (II)‐(VI).
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF COUMARINS FROM β‐DIKETONES‐ PART II. A REINVESTIGATION OF KOSTANECKI‐ROBINSON PROPIONYLATION OF β‐ORCACETOPHENONE AND ITS 4‐O‐METHYL ETHER
Authors: AHLUWALIA V. K. , SUNITA SUNITA
Published: April 2016

Eine Nachuntersuchung der Reaktion der Titelverbindungen (Ia) bzw. (Ib) mit Na‐propionat/Propionsäureanhydrid mit anschließender Cyclisierung des Kondensationsprodukts mit konz. H2SO4 ergab, daß bei dieser Reaktion keine Cumarine, sondern die Chromone (II) gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: HASHISH. 16. UNSATURATED SIDE‐CHAIN ANALOGS OF Δ8‐TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL WITH POTENT BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: RAZDAN R. K. , DALZELL H. C. , HERLIHY P. , HOWES J. F.
Published: April 2016

3,5‐Diacetoxy‐benzaldehyd (I) liefert das Dithioketal (IIa), das zu (IIb) verseift wird.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ETHYL Γ‐NITROBUTYRATE WITH BENZALDEHYDE IN THE PRESENCE OF AMINE ACETATE ‐ AN EXAMPLE OF TRAPPING OF AMINO‐INTERMEDIATE IN THE KNOEVENAGEL REACTION
Authors: BHAGWATHEESWARAN H. , GAUR S. P. , JAIN P. C.
Published: April 2016

Benzaldehyd (I) reagiert mit dem Butyrat (II) in Gegenwart von NH4‐acetat primär zu dem Aminovaleriansäureester (III), der unter intramolekularer Cyclisierung das Piperidon (IV) mit 5,6‐trans‐Konfiguration gibt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF N‐(AMIDINOBENZYL)‐2‐PYRIDONES AND ‐2‐QUINOLONES AS WELL AS N‐(AMIDINOBENZYL)‐4‐AMINOPYRIDINIUM SALTS
Authors: WAGNER G. , WUNDERLICH I.
Published: April 2016

Die Cyanbenzylbromide (I) werden mit, dem Silyloxypyridin (II), dem Äthoxychinolin (VI) sowie dem Äthoxypyridin (X) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 4‐(P‐METHOXYPHENYL)‐1‐AZABICYCLO(4.3.0)NON‐3‐EN‐9‐ONE
Authors: TREHAN I. R. , VIG M.
Published: April 2016

Grignar ‐ dierung des Methoxyacetophenons (I) mit dem Reagenz (II) ergibt das Butenol (III), aus dem durch Erhitzen mit einem 5:1‐Gemisch der Suceinimide (IVa) und (IVb) die Produkte (V) und (VI) gewonnen werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF SOME IMIDAZOINDOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: ADHIKARY P. K. , DAS S. K. , HESS B. A. JUN.
Published: April 2016

Phenacylhalogenide (I) kondensieren mit 2‐Aminopyridin (II) zu dem Imidazopyridin (IIIa), das Zu (IIIb) nitrosiert und weiter zum Amin (IIIc) mit Phosphit reduziert werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: APPLICATION OF 1,2,4‐TRIAZOLINE‐3,5‐DIONES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF THE PIPERAZIC ACIDS (HEXAHYDROPYRIDAZINE‐3‐CARBOXYLIC ACIDS)
Authors: DAVIES C. R. , DAVIES J. S.
Published: April 2016

Bei der katalytischen Hydrierung der α,β‐Doppelbindung des aus dem Triazolindion (I) und der Säure (II) erhältlichen Diels‐Alder‐Addukts entsteht die Carbonsäure (III), die nach hydrolytischer Spaltung des Triazolrings und Behandlung des entstandenen N‐Carbamoylderivats mit Salzsäure die Piperazincarbonsäure (IV) gibt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 4‐AMINO‐5‐CYANO(CARBOXAMIDO CARBETHOXY)‐Δ4‐THIAZOLINES WITH ETHYL ORTHOFORMATE AND ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
Authors: SINGH A. , UPPAL A. S.
Published: April 2016

Die 4‐Amino‐2‐iminothiazoline (I) reagieren mit Äthylorthoformiat/Acetanhydrid (im Verhältnis 1 24) zu den Derivaten (II), die beim Erhitzen mit Anilin in die Amine (III) übergehen, die ihrerseits durch Thermolyse in Äthylorthoformiat die Thiazoline (II) (90‐95% Ausbeute) zurückbilden.
ChemInform Abstract: BENZOYLAMINATION OF URIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: MITSUNOBU O. , TAKIZAWA S. , MORIMATO H.
Published: April 2016

Alternativ zu der sonst üblichen vielstufigen Synthese wird eine Methode zur Darstellung von Acylaminonucleosiden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLIC SYSTEMS CONTAINING BRIDGEHEAD NITROGEN ATOMS. XX. CYCLIZATION OF F β‐(5‐NITROBENZIMIDAZO‐2‐THIOL)PROPIONIC ACID TO 2H‐7‐NITRO(1,3)THIAZINO(3,2‐A)BENZIMIDAZOL‐4(3H)‐ONE
Authors: MOHAN J. , CHADHA V. K. , SHARMA K. S. , PUJARI H. K.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem o‐Phenylendiamin (I) und CS2 wird das Mercaptobenzimidazol (II) dargestellt und mit Brompropionsäure zu dem Derivat (III) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: CHIRAL CROWN ETHERS DERIVED FROM (+)‐(1S,2S)‐TRANS‐CYCLOHEXANE‐1,2‐DIOL
Authors: HAYWARD R. C. , OVERTON C. H. , WHITHAM G. H.
Published: April 2016

Die aus der rac.‐Form des Diols (I) über ihr Strychnin‐Salz gewonnene (+)‐Verbindung wird über den Diallyläther ( II) in das (+)‐Diol (IIIa) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐BENZOXEPIN AND ITS VALENCE ISOMERS, 4,5‐BENZ‐3‐OXATRICYCLO(4.1.0.02,7)HEPTENE AND 3,4‐BENZ‐2‐OXABICYCLO(3.2.0)HEPTA‐3,6‐DIENE
Authors: UYEGAKI M. , ITO S. , SUGIHARA Y. , MURATA I.
Published: April 2016

Aus der Dibrom‐Verbindung (II) entsteht das Tricycloderivat (I) mit unterschüssigem Butyllithium in Cyclohexan, während mit überschüssigem Butyllithium neben geringen Anteilen an (I) und dem Dimeren (III) das Reduktionsprodukt (IV) gebildet wird.
ChemInform Abstract: BENZO(B)SELENOPHEN‐2(3H)‐ONE‐ SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES
Authors: EVERS M. , WEBER R. , THIBAUT PH. , CHRISTIAENS L. , RENSON M. , CROISY A. , JACQUIGNON P.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung (II) wird in einer Eintopf‐Reaktion aus der Phenylessigsäure (I) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF ALKYL AND ARYL CYANIDES. 9. REACTIONS OF CIS‐TETRACHLOROBIS(ACETONITRILE)RHENIUM WITH BIDENTATE PHOSPHORUS AND ARSENIC DONORS‐ CIS‐TRANS ISOMERIZATION IN COMPLEXES OF THE TYPE RECL4L2
Authors: MYERS R. E. , WALTON R. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktionen von cis‐Tetrachloro‐bis‐[acetonitril]‐ Re mit den entsprechenden Diphosphinen oder dem Phosphinarsin führen abhängig von den Reaktionsbedingungen zu den sechsfach‐koordinierten cis‐ und trans‐, mono‐ und polymeren Komplexen (I), (II) oder (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT SYNTHESIS USING GOLD ATOMS‐ SYNTHESIS, INFRARED AND ULTRAVIOLET‐VISIBLE SPECTRA AND MOLECULAR ORBITAL INVESTIGATIONS OF MONOETHYLENE GOLD(0), (C2H4)AU
Authors: MCINTOSH D. , OZIN G. A.
Published: April 2016

Bei 8 ‐ 10°K können Goldatome (I) mit markiertem Äthylen (II) zu (III) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: RATES OF SUBSTITUTION IN CIS AND TRANS RUTHENIUM(II) AQUOTETRAAMMINES
Authors: ISIED S. S. , TAUBE H.
Published: April 2016

Wenn Ammoniak in dem Aquopentaamminruthenium(II)‐Komplexion durch einen π‐gebundenen Säureliganden, der meist starke Donatoreigenschaften hat, ersetzt wird, so wird damit die Labilität des koordinierten Wassers, gemessen durch die Geschwindigkeit mit der es gegen Isonicotinamid ausgetauscht wird, stark reduziert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE STABILIZATION OF α‐ AND β‐DIIMINES‐ HEXAAMMINERUTHENIUM(III), ‐OSMIUM(III), AND ‐PLATINUM(IV) CONDENSED WITH α‐ AND β‐DIKETONES
Authors: EVANS I. P. , EVERETT G. W. , SARGESON A. M.
Published: April 2016

Biacetyl oder Cyclohexandion‐(1,2) reagieren mit Ru(NH3)6Cl3 in basischer Lösung zu den Diiminchelatkomplexen, die als Perchlorate (Ia) und (Ic) isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF 15‐OXYGENATED 5α,14β‐CHOLEST‐7‐EN‐3β‐OL DERIVATIVES
Authors: PARISH E. J. , NEWCOMER M. E. , GILLILAND G. L. , QUIOCHO F. A. , SCHROEPFER G. J. JUN.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem ungesättigten Epoxy‐Steroid (I) entsteht mit Bortrifluorid das Keton (II), aus dem mit Lithiumalanat die isomeren Carbinole (IIIa) und (IIIb) gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF CARBOHYDRATE‐SACCHARIN CONJUGATES
Authors: SZAREK W. A. , DEPEW C. , JONES J. K. N.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung mit Alkoholen reagiert Saccharin (I) in Gegenwart von Azodicarbonsäureester/Triphenylphosphin zuN‐ (IV) und O‐Substitutionsprodukten (V).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF THE INDOLO(2′,2′‐3,4)PYRIDO(1,2‐B)(2,7)NAPHTHYRIDINONE ALKALOID NAUCLEFINE AND ITS RING‐E ISOMERS
Authors: SAINSBURY M. , UTTLEY N. L.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Bestrahlung des Enamids (I) (aus Harmalan und Nicotinsäurechlorid) entsteht nicht nur, wie berichtet, Nauclefin (II), sondern auch das Isomere (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF (+)‐TRANS‐CHRYSANTHEMIC ACID FROM (+)‐CAR‐3‐ENE
Authors: KHANRA A. S. , MITRA R. B.
Published: April 2016

Das aus (+)‐A3‐Caren nach Literatur zugängliche Diol (I) wird mit Jones‐Reagenz zu dem Hydroxyketon (II) oxidiert, das bei der Dehydratisierung die isomeren Enone (III) und (IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF 12‐HYDROXYMETHYLPROSTAGLANDIN F2α METHYL ESTER
Authors: GRIECO P. A. , WANG C.‐J. , OKUNIEWICZ F. J.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Esterenolat von (I) entsteht mit gasförmigem Formaldehyd in 96%iger Gesamtausbeute ein 1:1‐Gemisch der Alkohole (II) und (III), von denen (III) durch Reaktion mit Methansulfonylchlorid und anschließend mit Natriumjodid in Aceton sowie Reduktion mit Tributylzinnhydrid zu (IV) umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE COORDINATION OF LANTHANUM(3+) IN AQUEOUS LANTHANUM TRIBROMIDE SOLUTIONS
Authors: SMITH L. S. , WERTZ D. L.
Published: April 2016

Die Strukturen der vorherrschenden gelösten Spezies in 2 konzentrierten wäßrigen LaBr3‐Lösungen (Lösungsmittel: 1) destilliertes H2O, 2) 10n HBr) werden durch Röntgenstreuung gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE OPTICAL ANISOTROPY OF THE ANODIC OXIDE OF VANADIUM
Authors: CLAYTON J. C. , DE SMET D. J.
Published: April 2016

Ellipsometrische Messungen während der anodischen Oxidation von Vzeigen, daß der Oxidfilm optisch anisotrop ist, wobei die optische Achse parallel zur Richtung des Filmwachstums liegt.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF MERCURIC CHLORIDE IN MOLTEN ZINC CHLORIDE‐POTASSIUM CHLORIDE EUTECTIC
Authors: DEANHARDT M. L. , HANCK K. W.
Published: April 2016

Die Elektroreduktion von HgClg in einer äquimolaren eutektischen ZnCIQ‐KCI‐Schmelze wird bei 300°C chronopotentiometrisch und cyclisch‐voltammetrisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF HALOGEN EXCHANGE BETWEEN SILICON DICHLORIDE DIIODIDE AND SOLID SILVER CHLORIDE IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
Authors: HASS D. , SCHWARZ H. , BECHSTEIN O.
Published: April 2016

Für die nach Mischen einer CCl4‐Lösung von SiJ2C12 mit der 30fachen Molmenge an festem, trockenem AgCl unter Rühren eintretende Folgereaktion A werden mit Hilfe der Gaschromatographie und potentiometrischer Simultanbestimmungen von J′ und C1′ die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten k, und k2 bei 0°C und 76,8°C bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ANTIBIOTIC GRISEORHODIN A
Authors: ECKARDT K. , TRESSELT D. , IHN W.
Published: April 2016

Aufgrund von massenspektrometrischen und NMR‐Messungen am Antibiotikum und seinem Tetraacetat sowie chemischer Umsetzungen wird ihm die Konstitution (I) zuerkannt.
ChemInform Abstract: COPPER(II), COBALT(II) AND NICKEL(II) CHELATES OF SOME NITROSONAPHTHOLS
Authors: ISSA I. M. , ISSA R. M. , MAHMOUD M. R. , KHATTAB M. A.
Published: April 2016

Spektrophotometrische und konduktometrische Untersuchungen der Komplexbildung von Cu(II), Co(II) und Ni(II) mit α‐Nitroso‐β‐naphtholen und β‐Nitroso‐oz‐naphthol zeigen, daß fast alle Metall(II)‐Ionen 1:1‐ und 1 z2‐Komplexe (Ia) bilden.
ChemInform Abstract: ACTIVITY OF NICKEL‐PHOSPHORUS CATALYST FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF METHYLCYCLOHEXANE
Authors: NOZAKI F. , SEKURA T. , KAWAI M.
Published: April 2016

Durch Reduktion von Nickelphosphat mit Wasserstoff erhält man einen Ni‐P‐Katalysator, mit dem Methylcyclohexan selektiv zu Toluol dehydriert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: METATHESIS OF ALKENES HAVING FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Authors: NAKAMURA R. , MATSUMOTO S. , ECHIGOYA E.
Published: April 2016

Die katalytische Wirkung einiger Metallhalogenide bei der Metathese des Nitrils (III) wird untersucht, wobei sich die Systeme (I) und (II) als besonders wirksam erweisen.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTIONS ON THE PYRIDINE RING WITH ENOLATE ANIONS
Authors: SMITH F. X. , EVANS G. G.
Published: April 2016

Die Anionen von S‐Alkylbarbituraten (Ia) bzw. 5‐Alky1‐isopropylidenmalonaten (Ib) werden mit reaktiven Pyridinium‐Salzen wie (II) oder (III) bzw. entsprechenden reaktiven Pyridinen umgesetzt und Substitutionsprodukte wie (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: VINYL COPPER(I) COMPOUNDS. PART II. STEREOSPECIFIC ADDITION OF HOMOCUPRATES TO 1‐ALKYNES IN TETRAHYDROFURAN
Authors: WESTMIJZE H. , MEIJER J. , BOS H. J. T. , VERMEER P.
Published: April 2016

Homocuprate vom Typ (I) reagieren mit Phenylacetylen (II) [analog mit Methyl‐, Butyl‐, Pentyl‐ und Hexylacetylen bei 0 oder ‐l 5°C ] in THF bei tiefen Temperaturen stereoselektiv zu den terminalen Alkenen (III), die erst nach protischer Aufarbeitung der Reaktionsgemische isoliert werden.