bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Analysis of Intrusion Detection System
Authors:   College of Business, Law and Governance James Cook University, Butt Saad Masood
Published: March 2022

Usability evaluation methods have gained a substantial attention in networks particularly in Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as these evaluation methods are envisioned to achieve usability and define usability defects for a large number of practical software’s. Despite a good number of available survey and methods on usability evaluation, we feel that there is a gap in existing literature in terms of usability evaluation methods, IDS interfaces and following usability guidelines in IDS development. This paper reviews the state of the art for improving usability of networks that illustrates the issues and challenges in the context of design matters. Further, we propose the taxonomy of key issues in evaluation methods and usability problems. We also define design heuristics for IDS users and interfaces that improves detection of usability defects and interface usability compared to conventional evaluation heuristics. The similarities and differences of usability evaluation methods and usability problems are summarized on the basis of usability factors, current evaluation methods and interfaces loopholes
Kusayr Amra Sarayı Fresklerinde Zanaatkâr Sahneleri
Authors: ALDEIRI Saja
Published: March 2022

Kusayr Amra Sarayı süslemelerinin çoğunluğunu fresk tekniğindeki süslemeler oluşturmaktadır. İnsan figürlerine bol miktarda yer verilen sahnelerin bir kısmını rakkaseler, müzisyenler ve güreşçiler oluşturmaktadır. Bu konuların yanı sıra hamam sahnelerine ve çok sayıda çeşitli dekoratif temalara rastlanmaktadır. Bu fresklerin Emevi şehzadelerinin faaliyetlerini ve hobilerini betimlediği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kusayr Amra Sarayı’ndaki sanatçı ve zanaatkâr tasvirleri ele alınmıştır. Söz konusu tasvirler Restorasyon Salonun doğu tavanında yer almaktadır. Tavan fresk süslemesi, dört sıra halinde sekiz eşit kare şeklinde çerçevelenmiş, otuz iki panelden oluşmaktadır. Bu freskler, inşaat işleri ile ilgili marangozluk, demircilik, taş kesme ve harç hazırlama gibi farklı işleri tasvir etmektedir. Çalışmada, fresklerin önemi, iyonik kaynakları ve tarzı detaylı bir şekilde araştırılmıştır. İşçilerin tasviri, Erken Dönem İslam Sanatı tarihinde benzersiz bir olgudur ve Kusayr Amra’da bulunan temaların bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Makalede Kusayr Amra’daki farklı zanaatkâr fresklerinin betimlemeleri yapılmış ve bu fresklerin sarayın diğer odalarında yer alan süslemelerle olan ilişkisi açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu freskler genel manada Halife'yi öven bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Bu halifenin ise Velid bin Yezid olması muhtemeldir.
Presenting Beauvoir as a feminist neglecting her defense and accusations of pedophilia
Authors: Valls-Carol Rosa , Puigvert Lidia , Vidu Ana , Lopez de Aguileta Garazi
Published: March 2022

Recent scientific literature analyzes the increasing citizens’ claim against human references that committed in history racist or sexist aggressions. Although newspapers have clarified that Simone de Beauvoir publicly defended the decriminalization of pedophilia and was condemned and removed from teaching due to her own case, few scientific studies acknowledge it. The scientific literature almost entirely situates her as a reference in feminism, portraying four pillars: 1) she was an example of the struggle for sexual freedom against harassment and abuse; 2) she was an anti-Nazi democrat; 3) she was the creator of modern feminism; 4) current feminists learned feminism from The Second Sex. This paper analyzes to what extent these pillars and the concealment of what she did and defended have been presented to individuals currently working on gender-related issues. The methodology includes an in-depth literature review and 15 communicative interviews with feminists from the second half of the 20th century and from the 21st century trained in different social sciences. Results show that de Beauvoir was presented as one of the main feminist references during most participants’ degrees and that they learned about her anti-feminist actions and standpoints in other academic and non-academic dialogic spaces based on scientific evidence.
Mantle Flow Deflected by Arc–Continent Collision and Continental Subduction in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Harris Cooper W. , Miller Meghan S.
Published: March 2022

We investigate seismic anisotropy across southeastern Indonesia where the Indo-Australian plate subducts beneath and collides with the Sunda-Banda arc. Geochemical, geodetic, and tomographic studies reveal an along-strike transition from oceanic subduction to continental subduction and collision near central Flores that is due to a change of lithospheric composition in the subducting plate. To investigate the anisotropic fabric and dynamics of the upper mantle surrounding this young (∼5 Ma) arc–continent collision, we perform shear wave splitting analysis on local and teleseismic S waves recorded by an array of broadband seismometers that crosses the subduction–collision boundary. Seismic anisotropy inferred from our local S dataset shows that anisotropic sources above the slab extend to depths exceeding 100 km. Analysis of teleseismic SKS and SKKS waves reveal a shift in subslab fast axes from trench-parallel to trench-perpendicular near the ocean–continent boundary in the lower plate, which we relate to regional subslab mantle flow being deflected around the subducted continental lithosphere. Along-strike variations in anisotropic fast axes from teleseismic phases overlap with distinct structural and tectonic boundaries that divide distinct regions of the collision, implying the effects of the collision transcend any one dataset and highlighting the complexity of collisional boundaries. These results shed light on the interaction between tectonic structure and mantle dynamics in an emergent collision, and help constrain the nature of upper mantle deformation in the early stages of collision.
Extramacrochaetae promotes branch and bouton number via the sequestration of Daughterless in the cytoplasm of neurons
Authors:   , Waddell Edward A. , Marenda Daniel
Published: March 2022

Class I basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) proteins are highly conserved transcription factors which have been extensively studied for their roles during development, especially as master regulators of embryonic neurogenesis. Class I bHLH proteins hetero- or homodimerize in order to bind DNA at E box (CANNTG) consensus sequences to control tissue specific transcription. Due to the ubiquitous expression of class I bHLH proteins, negative regulators such as class V HLH proteins provide post-translational modifications to class I bHLH protein function. Historically, class I bHLH and class V HLH proteins have been explored in a number of mitotic cells, however their role in neurons remains unclear. The major objective of this work was to explore the interplay of Da and the class V HLH protein Extramacrochaetae (Emc) in the motor neurons of Drosophila melanogaster. We show that part of the molecular logic that specifies how Da functions in neurogenesis is conserved in neurons. We show that Emc binds to and represses Da function by sequestering Da to the cytoplasm of motor neurons. This inhibition of Da function by Emc leads to an increase in the expression of the cell adhesion molecule, Neurexin, an established target gene of Da in neurons. This work provides initial insight into the mechanisms underlying the interplay of Da and Emc in neurons and how the balance of both proteins leads to proper neuronal circuit formation.
Public Opinion on Juvenile Solitary Confinement
Authors:   , Wagage Suraji R. , Goldstein Naomi E
Published: March 2022

Solitary confinement, including solitary confinement of juveniles, is a widespread practice in the United States justice system. National and international organizations have begun to advocate for the elimination of solitary confinement, particularly for juveniles, identifying it as a possible human rights concern. A Supreme Court finding that solitary confinement of juveniles violates the Eighth Amendment's proscription of cruel and unusual punishment or contravenes a Fourteenth Amendment substantive due process right would require facilities to cease its use. Under both the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, public opinion is an important component of an analysis of the constitutionality of solitary confinement. Therefore, this study surveyed public opinion on juvenile solitary confinement and factors that impact public opinion, examining the effects of an incarcerated male individual's age, race, and duration of confinement on perceptions of juvenile solitary confinement. Analysis of variance indicated that public opinion on the acceptability of solitary confinement differed by incarcerated individual's age and duration of confinement. Public opinion on the acceptability of solitary confinement did not differ by incarcerated individual's race. Implications for public policy, future directions, and limitations are discussed.
(Re)significar la pictura: La representación de las reinas en la literatura emblemática
Authors: Escalera Fernández Isabel
Published: March 2022

El campo de la literatura emblemática ha sido relegado durante años por ser un “arte menor”. No obstante, han comenzado a surgir estudios que reivindican el papel que jugaba la emblemática. Así pues, el principal objetivo de este estudio es mostrar cómo las reinas también se sirvieron de la emblemática como un alarde de propaganda donde la virtus era la protagonista.
Aportaciones al estudio de la orfebrería medieval en la diócesis de Sigüenza: una cruz procesional inédita del siglo XIV en Ribarredonda (Guadalajara)
Authors: Salgado Pantoja José Arturo , García Vegas Gonzalo
Published: March 2022

Este artículo presenta el hallazgo de una cruz procesional gótica de bronce dorado en la localidad de Ribarredonda (Guadalajara). El estudio formal, iconográfico y estilístico de la misma, tras un pertinente acercamiento al marco histórico y al espacio litúrgico para el que fue concebida, no solo consigue aproximarnos a su datación, caracterización e interpretación, sino que además nos invita a esbozar por primera vez una propuesta evolutiva para esta tipología artística dentro del contexto medieval guadalajareño.
La impagable pero no reconocida labor de la Junta Delegada de Incautación, Protección y Salvamento del Tesoro Artístico de Murcia. El caso concreto del patrimonio escultórico.
Authors: Zambudio Moreno Antonio
Published: March 2022

Con el inicio de la Guerra Civil tras el golpe de estado protagonizado por una parte del ejército comandada por el General Franco el día 18 de julio de 1936, el patrimonio histórico – artístico, fundamentalmente el religioso, sufre las iras y el intervencionismo de los comités sindicales y revolucionarios. En principio, el gobierno de la República pierde el control de la situación y ello se traduce en graves pérdidas patrimoniales, si bien, tras el otoño de 1936 y el progresivo establecimiento por el territorio bajo su mando de las distintas Juntas Delegadas de Incautación, Protección y Salvamento del Tesoro Artístico, la salvaguarda de los distintos elementos muebles e inmuebles se va haciendo realidad. En este artículo estudiamos este proceso en lo que respecta al caso de la Región de Murcia, teniendo presente la encomiable labor de un artista: Juan González Moreno.
El Calvario del Monasterio de Poblet. Consideraciones sobre el papel de los aprendices, discípulos y colaboradores en el taller de los Macip
Authors: Puig sanchis Isidro , Herrero-Cortell Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo propone algunas consideraciones sobre el papel de aprendices y colaboradores en el entorno del taller de los Macip. A colación de una pintura del último año de producción de Joan de Joanes, (o incluso ya posterior a su muerte), se plantean algunas reflexiones sobre el papel de pintores documentados en su entorno, cuya participación en muchas obras parece obviarse con frecuencia.
Noticias sobre la etapa cordobesa del arquitecto barroco Gaspar de la Peña
Authors: Suárez Arévalo Jesús
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo pretende hacer una revisión de todos los datos conocidos de la etapa cordobesa de Gaspar de la Peña y completarlos con documentación inédita, contribuyendo así a un mejor conocimiento de una parte de su carrera relegada hasta ahora a un segundo plano frente a los años que vivió y trabajó en la Corte. Como principales contribuciones, ampliamos su catálogo de obras, adelantamos la fecha de su llegada a 1654 y documentamos una relación con las reparaciones del puente romano más estrecha de lo que se pensaba. También profundizamos en su situación económica y social, en su estatus profesional, en las relaciones personales que estableció y en las motivaciones de su traslado a Córdoba desde Madrid.
La iconografía de Trifonte en el gótico final en los reinos de León y Castilla
Authors: Teijeira Pablos María Dolores
Published: March 2022

The three-faces man, a very common subject in gothic works of art from the late fifteenth century, combines the interest in pure ornamentation with a simbolism that is based on the relation profane-religious iconography, in the field of the discoveries of new Lands and the representation of fantastic creatures.
De Re Diplomática. Las Fuentes ocasionales
Authors: García Lobo Vicente
Published: March 2022

Knowing the basic role of the document as a primary and fundamental source of the Diplomatics, the autor goes over the traditional scope and spreads the concept of source to other texts of narrative character, not strictly documentary, through the analysis of different examples of diverse nature and various times.
Los españoles y las vías de comunicación entre los diversos pueblos de Pangasinán, Filipinas
Authors: Albarrán González Benigno
Published: March 2022

As towns came into being in Pangasinan, the Spaniards saw to it that proper communications be established. In order to link them, roads, pathways, bridges, and so on, were built by the natives under the supervision of the Spanish missionaries.
Aproximación a la comunidad de San Isidoro de León entre 1156 y 1248 (estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo)
Authors: Suárez González Ana
Published: March 2022

The Archive of the monastery of San Isidoro de León provides us with useful sources - manuscripts, documents - to know how its community was made up in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.Starting from these sources, we can determine exactly the number of canons, their names and responsibilities in the chronological period from 1156 to 1248.
Aportaciones de la platería leonesa del siglo XVI en el principado de Asturias
Authors: Kawamura Yayoi
Published: March 2022

The activity of the silversmith of León dureing the 16th. century is well known because of the presence of Enrique de Arfe, orginating in German. Asturias, the region situated on the north of León, also recieved the influence of the good level of the silvesmith work of León. We conserve in Asturias several pieces manufactured by the silversmiths of León in this century, such as Enrique de Arfe, Andrés Rodríguez, Juan de Herrera, Gerónirno Hernández and Juan Pacheco. The most representative work is the four screptres of the Cathedral of Oviedo, made in Enrique de Arfe's workshop in 1527. We conserve the document of the contract in the Cathedral archives. Here I presente 7 pieces of León's work of this century and the list of the marks used by the silversmiths aboye mentioned.
Algunas cuestiones sobre terminología territorial en el Reino de León durante la Alta y la Plena Edad Media
Authors: Sánchez Badiola Juan José
Published: March 2022

Throughout the Middle Ages, the administrative structures in the kingdom of Leon experiment many important changes, motivated by the inner evolution of the early medieval society, and also by the european and east-spaniard influence. For knowing better this complexe process, the historian must undertand and clarify before the concepts and terms by means of which that administrative reality are expressed.
Uso y abusos señoriales en Castilla durante el siglo XVI: pleito entre el concejo de Villafáfila y el marqués de Távara
Authors: Granja Alonso Manuel de la
Published: March 2022

The Marquis of Tábara, once he acquired Villafáfila manor and appurtenant properties, thought he had a right to use and abuse his new property as he deemed fit. The council and dwellers of the State opposed themselves to this conduct and brought an action against the Marquis before the Court of Chancery at Valladolid. The claimed that their custom and usage be respected as the forrner owners, the Comendadores of the Order of Santiago had done. The Court established thad there was case for the plaintiffs.
Notas de la agricultura al final del antiguo régimen en un pueblo de la montaña leonesa, Las Bodas (Boñar), 1750-1840
Authors: González García José María
Published: March 2022

«Notes on the agriculture at the end of the ancient regime in a village in the mid mountain in the province of León. Las Bodas (Boñar) 1750-1840».The general features of the agricultural activity in the transitional period to the liberalism are analysed: the superiority of the crops of grain, the solid dividing of the ground of agricultural use, the existence of small property and the importance of the agricultura! heritage of the church.The agricultural production, according to church documents, will increase at the end of the XVIII century and the beginning of the XIX c, with some bad harvest years, which will be reflected in the evolution of prices
The grip dispute (kumi-kata ) in judo: A scoping review
Authors: Kashiwagura Daniel Brandão , Franchini Emerson
Published: March 2022

In judo combat, the grip (kumi-kata) helps to control and to dominate the opponent, and per the current rules is a prerequisite to executing a throwing technique. In this scoping review, articles and reviews published in scientific journals in English were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases from inception until December 2020. The studies were classified into technical-tactical or time-motion analyses, grip or grip attempts, grip locations on uke´s (athlete receiving the attack) judogi (judo uniform) or hands that performed the grips, and one or two hands holding. Articles evaluating the physical and physiological capacities of grip dispute were excluded. From 286 articles identified, 41 were included in the final selection. Two reviewers screened the records independently for eligibility. One reviewer extracted all data and the other reviewed the data for accuracy. The main results showed that: i) more experienced athletes hold the judogi for less time before attacking and focus their vision on the face and collar; ii) male athletes, especially heavy ones, hold longer in the judogi and use more defensive grips (collar and collar); iii) the most used grip was collar and sleeve; iv) the most used position was kenka-yotsu (opposite sides). The result of this scoping review may assist coaches and athletes to develop training strategies according to the athletes’ technical-tactical objectives, as well as future investigations that can be conducted related to grip dispute in judo.
Galhofa: the Portuguese wrestling between tradition and survival
Authors: Telles Thabata Castelo Branco , Andrieu Bernard , Barreira Cristiano Roque Antunes
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to present the galhofa, a traditional wrestling style practiced in Portugal, especially in Trás-os-Montes, in the northern region. Part of an oral and folk tradition, galhofa has survived with no systematic organization, either regarding its rules or even its techniques. Thus, this paper is focused on introducing and discussing the galhofa as an activity between tradition and sportization. Data was collected in Bragança in 2019 through interview and immersion activity, along with images and videos from field research conducted in Parada between 1997 and 2001. Both the visit to Bragança and the analytical process were conducted via phenomenology and inspired by esthesiology and emersiology. Overall, the experience of galhofa encompasses a free way of fighting with the main objective of keeping the opponent’s back and shoulders on the floor for a few seconds. It is historically related to a manly activity and it is often associated as a ritual of passage from adolescence to manhood. As the only traditional Portuguese wrestling modality surviving nowadays, the galhofa can be considered as a very unique fighting practice. However, there are some shared aspects with other martial arts and combat sports, especially more traditional ones, such as capoeira, loita or lucha leonesa. Under the risk of disappearing, it faces an ongoing sportization process, which includes a more gender equality agenda and a systematic organization of techniques and competition procedures. Relevant changes have also been made towards making this practice more popular and widely known, such as establishing it as part of the undergraduate curriculum on Sports degree at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança.
Judo combat time, scores, and penalties: Review of competition rules changes between 2010 and 2020
Authors: Barreto Lindsei Brabec Mota , Aedo-Muñoz Esteban Ariel , Sorbazo Sotto Dany Alexis , Miarka Bianca , Brito Ciro José
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to describe and analyze the main changes in the official competitive rules of judo between 2010 and 2020, highlighting changes in combat time, scores and penalties. In this retrospective study, a search was performed for official documents which regulated judo rules between 2010 and 2020 on the websites of the International Judo Federation and the Brazilian Judo Confederation, as well as refereeing manuals of the Sergipe Judo Federation (Brazil) and on the Google platform. Over the years, regular combat time has been shortened (2015=5’->4’ for women; 2017=5’->4’ for men), as well as osaekomi time (2013=25”->20”). This change was intended to facilitate the public’s understanding of judo scores, as well as to devalue the use of penalties to achieve the victory (2010=koka’s exclusion; 2013=penalty was no longer worth scores; 2017=yuko’s exclusion, shido no longer decided the winner in regular time; 2018=shido no longer decided the golden score winner). Attack actions were encouraged (ban on actions to flee combat) and there was an intention to reduce the risk of injuries in competitive judo (prohibition of some types of actions and grips). In other words, there was an attempt by the International Judo Federation to encourage positive judo through the rules from 2010 to 2020. However, these constant rule changes made the competitive training context unstable. Judo coaches and athletes must be aware at the end of each Olympic cycle for new changes which will eventually be introduced and adapt to them quickly to achieve high performance.
La Constitución en tiempos de pandemia = The Constitution in times of pandemic
Authors: Fuertes Mercedes
Published: March 2022

Ante la situación desbocada de pandemia el Gobierno de España declaró en marzo de este año 2020 el estado de alarma con medidas tan drásticas que cambiaron el aspecto vital de pueblos y ciudades. Un estudio de cómo se afrontó en otros Estados esta situación y de los recursos que ofrece el orden constitucional español y el uso de los mismos es la esencia de esta reflexión.Faced with the rampant pandemic situation, the Spanish government declared a state of alarm in march 2020 with measures so drastic that they changed the vital aspect of towns and cities. A study of how this situation was dealt with in other states and of the resources offered by the Spanish constitutional order and their use is the essence of this reflection.
La tributación de los envases de plástico no reutilizables. La relación entre la protección ambiental en la Constitución española de 1978, la economía circular y la fiscalidad = The taxation of non-reusable plastic packaging. The relationship between environmental protection in the 1978 Spanish Constitution, the circular economy and taxation
Authors: Vaquera García Antonio
Published: March 2022

El trabajo se centra en examinar las medidas tributarias propuestas para limitar el uso de envases de plástico no reutilizables que ponen de manifiesto la influencia que los mandatos constitucionales tienen sobre la fiscalidad. Se cumple así con la obligación dirigida a los poderes públicos por parte del art. 45 de la Constitución Española de 1978 de velar por la protección ambiental, lo que sitúa esta cuestión cercana a los nuevos postulados relativos a la Economía Circular. The work focuses on examining the proposed tax measures to limit the use of non-reusable plastic containers that highlight the influence that constitutional mandates have on taxation. Thus, the obligation directed to the public powers by art. 45 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978 to ensure environmental protection, which places this issue close to the new postulates related to the Circular Economy
La autonomía local en la Constitución Española. Luces y límites = Local autonomy in the Spanish Constitution. Lights and limits
Authors: Rodríguez Bardal Máximo
Published: March 2022

Más de 40 años han acaecido desde la sincrética aparición de la autonomía local en la Constitución Española. La parquedad en la regulación ha contribuido a un profuso juicio de adivinanzas e interpretaciones que la doctrina y la jurisprudencia han tenido que amparar y del que entendemos va siendo hora de determinar con claridad en una futurible reforma. El texto se inicia con los orígenes europeos del término de autonomía local para ahondar en la actual regulación constitucional materializada de manera positiva en tres pilares. De otra parte, se interesa el impulso del legislador básico estatal a los preceptos constitucionales que desarrollan la autonomía local a través del prolijo término de las bases, y trata de cerrarse el epígrafe precedido de una pequeña reflexión, con una referencia a los actuales controles de legalidad de los acuerdos locales de límites difusos, describiéndolos en su aspecto negativo por oposición a las tres precitadas columnas. More than 40 years have elapsed since the syncretic appearance of local autonomy in the Spanish Constitution. The paucity of regulation has contributed to a profuse trial of riddles and interpretations that doctrine and jurisprudence have had to protect and of which we understand that it is time to determine clearly in a future reform. The text begins with the European origins of the term of local autonomy to delve into the current constitutional regulation materialized in a positive way in three pillars. On the other hand, the impulse of the basic state legislator is interested in the constitutional precepts that develop local autonomy through the neat term of the bases, and tries to close the epigraph preceded by a small reflection, with a reference to the current controls of legality of local fuzzy boundary agreements, describing them in their negative aspect as opposed to the three aforementioned columns
Relatoría del Seminario "Organización de servicios socio-sanitarios y de vivienda en el mundo rural. Estado de la situación en España"
Authors: Gómez García Francisco Xabiere
Published: March 2022

En el marco del Proyecto de Investigación LE013P20 titulado “La prestación de servicios socio-sanitarios en el ámbito rural de Castilla y León: apostando por un bienestar integral”, bajo el auspicio de la Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional de la Unión Europea, se celebró de forma telemática, los días 9 y 10 de septiembre de 2021, el seminario "Organización de servicios socio-sanitarios y de vivienda en el mundo rural. Estado de la situación en España". El evento sirvió para exponer los resultados preliminares de cuanto pretende llegar a ser una foto fija de la realidad actual de la prestación de servicios en la España rural, para lo que incluso se ha desarrollado el soporte de una web (accesible en la dirección https://medyservrural.unileon.es) donde se alojan unas fichas con toda la documentación relevante.
Relatorías de la Jornada Internacional "Claves de la creación de la Fiscalía Europea en un marco de cooperación reforzada"
Authors: Yugueros Prieto Nerea , Jamardo Lorenzo Andrea
Published: March 2022

En la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de León tuvo lugar el  día 3 de diciembre de 2021 la celebración de la Jornada Internacional "Claves de la creación de laFiscalía Europea en un marco de cooperación reforzada". Jornada que ha sido organizada por Profesora Piedad González Granda (Catedrática de Derecho Procesalde la Universidad de León). El tema es de gran actualidad y enorme relevancia, dado que la función de la Fiscalía Europea puede sintetizarse en combatir el fraude contra las finanzas de la Unión Europea.
Prevalence of periodontal diseases among patients attending at Dr. R. Ahmed dental college & hospital, Kolkata, W.B.
Authors: Ghosh Sandip , Balaji R  , Yadav Priyanka , Bagchi Somen
Published: March 2022

Periodontal disease is a public health problem and is associated with systemic diseases. Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease in developed and developing country across all age group & gender. Majority of population in the developing countries suffer from different stages and grades of periodontitis which causes alveolar bone loss, tooth mobility and tooth loss.

A cross-sectional study was conductedon 2220 dentate person including both male & female aged from 20 to 65 reported in the Department of Periodontics in 3 months

It was observed estimated prevalence of periodontitis increased with age which is much higher among subjects with poor oral hygiene practice and females are suffering more than male. The current study collected significant data for prevalence

Inadequate and/or improper maintenance of Oral hygiene confirmed as the most important predictor for periodontitis.

Severity was found to be increased with increasing age also more in female than male.

The effect of age and gender on the progression of periodontitis seemed to be less important when good oral hygiene is practiced.
KAP study to assess the internet influence of parents towards child’s first dental visit and oral hygiene care
Authors: Aeran Himanshu , Tuli Avantika , Bhatt Prerana
Published: March 2022

: The study was done to analyse parent’s understanding about their child's dental health in the first dentist visit, with a particular focus on the internet's impact on parents of preschool children.

: This survey was conducted among 800 parents of pre-school children enrolled in various schools from Rishikesh. A pre-validated questionnaire was distributed among participants. Participants were given questionnaires written in English and the local Hindi language before and after the educational intervention to assess oral health-related awareness of the parents regarding their child's oral health.

: From the total sample, 35% had poor knowledge score before the educational intervention and 100% had good knowledge score after the educational intervention. The current study concluded that higher levels of oral health education and awareness would lead to better oral health status in children. When the parental KAP score was compared before and after educational intervention, there was a statistically significant difference seen. Health care providers/dentists should organise activities such as parental guidance, lectures, and mass education in home wellness centres to develop knowledge to promote good oral health.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 7, no. 7, septiembre 1980
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: March 2022

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Estructura y composición de la ictiofauna presente en el tramo bajo del río Córdoba, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Caribe Colombiano.
Authors: Blanco Cervantes Carlos , Blanco-Cervantes German
Published: March 2022

En esta investigación se analizó la estructura y composición de la ictiofauna presente en el tramo bajo del río Córdoba de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Caribe Colombiano. Con el fin de conocer la composición, y establecer posibles patrones en la estructura, relación entre los peces con variables abióticas, y parámetros fisicoquímicos durante las dos épocas climáticas, se emplearon números de Hill, modelos de distribución de especies, análisis de componentes principales (ACP), y análisis de correspondencia canónica (ACC). Durante los muestreos se recolectaron un total de 10 ordenes, 14 familias, 19 géneros y 27 especies. La ictiofauna está conformada por especies de hábitat dulceacuícola, estuarinas y marinas. Perciformes y Characiformes fueron los órdenes más abundantes al igual que las familias Cichlidae y Characidae Se reporta la presencia de especies como Ctenolucius hujeta, Geophagus steindachneri, Hypostomus hondae, Sturisomatichthys panamense, Apteronatus rostratus y Caquetaia umbiriferas que en Colombia se distribuyen en los ríos Magdalena y Cauca. En cuanto a la composición y riqueza de especies para ríos de la SNSM, este trabajo informa acerca del 28,42 % de especies descritas para un solo río duplicando los reportes anteriores.
Estimador de estado óptimo en tiempo discreto
Authors: Mesa Fernando , Ospina Rogelio , Correa-Vélez Germán
Published: March 2022

Se realizó un estudio de estimación de estados sobre modelos con ruido en sistemas de control considerando el diseño del observador y la realimentación de estados. Para esto, se consideró el ruido sobre el modelo de espacio de estados del sistema y se realizó el diseño del mejor observador posible, es decir, el que mejor rechaza el efecto del ruido. Estos observadores suelen llamarse estimadores; en este trabajo se desarrolló un estimador conocido como el filtro de Kalman.
Dynamic Modeling of Wound-Rotor Slip-Ring Induction Generator with Switched-Excitation Capacitance and Chopper Resistance Across Bridge Rectifier in the Rotor Circuit
Authors: Nasir Bilal Abdullah
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a novel external secondary self-excitation capacitance and chopper resistance across the diode bridge rectifier in the rotor circuit to control the voltage and frequency of 3-phase, wound-rotor, slip-ring, induction generator (WRSRIG). The problem related to the excitation- capacitance from the rotor side is the required large excitation capacitance to enhance the generator performance in a wide - range. In the present proposed method, a dynamic excitation capacitance is used in the H-Bridge inverter circuit connected in series with a chopper resistance across a 3-phase diode bridge rectifier in the rotor circuit. The duty ratios of the H-bridge thyristor elements and the thyristor chopper element are varied to emulate the excitation-capacitance as well as external-rotor resistance values dynamically, and to be used as terminal voltage and its frequency control. The dynamic excitation-capacitance is used to control the terminal voltage, while the dynamic external rotor resistance is used to control the generator speed (frequency). To study the performance of the WRSRIG a dynamic model is presented in this paper in D-Q axes rotating synchronously in a reference frame. The dynamic model takes into account all the machine parameters, such as stator and rotor - iron core losses, stator and rotor - stray load losses, dynamic saturation of the magnetizing inductance, rotor harmonic losses generated due to switching action of the bridge rectifier, reduction voltage in the rotor circuit due to the over-lap phenomenon and rotor external resistance losses. The new proposed equivalent circuit of the WRSRIG will become an efficient method for studying the performance characteristics of the generator and to be used as a suitable tool for an algorithm of the vector control analysis.
Incidence of Plate Removal and its Correlation to the Site of Injury in Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Venkatesa  , Nandakishore Sahoo
Published: March 2022

Background: Maxillofacial injuries can be classified according to its anatomical location of the involved bone and by the degree of involvement like simple, compound or comminuted. Regardless of the site of involvement and nature of trauma the fracture can be addressed by closed and open methods of reduction. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to record the incidence and factors associated with plate removal in patients with maxillofacial trauma. Materials and Methods: Records of 280 cases managed for maxillofacial trauma in the last (5 years) period from January 2010 to Dec 2014 by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with osteosynthesis plates were analyzed at a tertiary health care facility. Logistic regression analysis was done to find an association between the variables studied and incidence of plate removal. Results: 32 cases (11.42%), 55 number of implants underwent removal of plates due to reasons ranging from infection(50%), Plate exposure(9.375%), treatment failure(15.625%), palpability(12.50%), and persistent pain(12.50%), Zygomatic buttress and Parasymphysis sites had highest incidence of plate removal compared to other sites. Being a female [OR 9.87(4.21–10.72)], age groups of 46-60 [OR 6.39(4.43-9.62)], 31-45 [OR 11.25(6.81-13.77)] and 15-30 [OR 10.01(5.74-12.22)], infra orbital rim among sites [OR 2.03 (1.48-4.67)] significantly increased the odds of incidence of plate removal. Conclusion: In our retrospective analysis, the overall incidence of plate removal was 11.42%. Maximum plate removals were from Zygomatico-Maxillary Buttress and Symphysis and Parasymphysis regions. Infection was found to be the most common cause of plate removal.
Role of Pterygopalatine Fossa Block on Intra-Operative Heart Rate and Blood Pressure During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Raisoni Saloni , Burse K. S. , Kulkarni S. V. , Bharadwaj Chaitanya , Sancheti Vandana , Patel Rushika
Published: March 2022

Background: Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is a physiological and also well accepted surgical treatment for chronic sinus disease that is unresponsive to medical treatment. The most frequent intraoperative complication is bleeding. Various methods are being tried to reduce the bleeding during FESS. But, none of these methods consistently provide the desirable bloodless field for the surgeons. Blockage of Pterygopalatine Fossa (PPF) through the greater palatine foramen is an alternative approach to reduce blood loss during ESS, which is an easy procedure, associated with little complication. Pterygopalatine Fossa Block (PPFB) along with general anaesthesia is effective in patients undergoing FESS surgery. Aims and Objectives: To assess the effect on and the difference in heart rate and blood pressure after pterygopalatine fossa block during FESS surgery. Materials and Methodology: 25 Patients with bilateral nasal pathology undergoing FESS were selected from ENT wards after a written informed consent. The PPFB was done only on one side, while the opposite nostril acted as control, thus each case acted as their own control. Various vital parameters like – heart rate (HR), blood pressure [(BP) systolic and diastolic] were calculated every 15 mins and their average noted. Surgery on the first side was completed and then followed by surgery on the second side. Applying paired-t Test, results were obtained. Results and Conclusion: There was a significant fall in heart rate and blood pressure. There was a positive correlation between these factors. "p value” was found to be highly significant in both the parameters tested. Pterygopalatine fossa block is an effective adjunct to general anaesthesia for controlling heart rate and blood pressure during FESS surgery.
Study of Clinical Profile of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms and their Association with Endoscopy at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chaurasia Vivek , Chafekar Deodatta , Chafekar Neelima
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Upper endoscopy, also referred to as Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), is performed by passing a ­flexible endoscope through the mouth into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The gut is accessible with endoscopy, which can diagnose causes of pain, nausea and vomiting, bleeding, weight loss, altered bowel function, and fever1 . Aims and Objectives: To study indications and findings of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, to make association of endoscopic findings in these patients presenting with different upper GI symptoms and to document the demographics of subjects undergoing upper GI endoscopy at a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out at the Department of Medicine at Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Hospital, with due permission from the ethics committee for the period of August 2017 to November 2019. All the patients who were found with upper GI symptoms and underwent endoscopy after giving informed consent were included in the study. Total of 136 patients presenting with upper GI symptoms fulfilling the criteria were included in the study and their endoscopic findings were associated. Results: Out of total 136 patients, maximum number of the patients belonged to 51-60 years age group (21.3%). There was male preponderance (61.8% were male 38.2% were female). The most common GI symptom was hemetemesis/malena (40.4%) followed by nausea/vomiting (27.9%). Esophagitis (37%) was the most common endoscopic finding followed by esophageal varices (33%). Out of 45 patients who had esophageal varices 32 (71%) were treated with Endoscopic Variceal Ligation (EVL) and they responded well. Conclusion: Through this study it was concluded that most of the patients presenting with upper GI symptoms were among the elderly age group (51-60 years). Upper GI bleed was the most common symptom and indication for endoscopy followed by nausea/vomiting. The common endoscopic finding among hematemesis/malena patient was esophageal varices and most of them responded well to Endoscopic Variceal Ligation.
Factors Affecting Breastfeeding in Early Postnatal Period in Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Patole Kiran , Agarwal Aanchal , Maurya Apurva
Published: March 2022

Background: Breastfeeding is a learnt skill. Most mothers if encouraged and counseled can successfully breastfeed. Aims and Objectives: To aim of the study is to identify the factors related to difficulty in breastfeeding to mothers and baby in early postpartum period. Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out between August 2017 to December 2019, on 292 mothers-baby pairs were randomly selected. Data was collected through questionnaire and qualitative data was presented as frequency and percentage and analyzed by chi-square test. Quantitative data was presented as mean and SD and compared to t-test. Results: The mean age of women in the present study was 21 to 25 years. The majority of women were illiterate (87%), living in joint family (54%), belonged to lower socioeconomic status (34%), were multipara (55%) and were housewives (86%). The main factors indicating difficulties to initiate breastfeeding were inappropriate positioning (45%), delayed milk production (33%), and breast disorders (32%). The main neonatal factors associated with breastfeeding problems were problem with latching/sucking and positioning (33%). Conclusion: A thorough health education campaign aimed at educating lactating mothers on need to practice EBF should address the identified factors.
Diagnostic Validity of FNAC and Trucut Biopsy with Post Operative Histopathological Report in Cases of Breast Lumps at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Dalvi Aditi Vijay , Borse Hemant
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Lump in breast is a common complaint in surgical practice. The lesions of the breast have diverse aetiology and presentation may range from a benign tumour, cyst or a malignancy. The diagnostic methods for palpable breast lumps should be rapid, inexpensive, most accurate and least invasive to evaluate and distinguish between benign and malignant lumps in outpatient clinics. Thus, patients are more compliant and surgeons can be more certain about the definitive management. Aims and Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC and TRUCUT biopsy in screening of palpable breast lumps by taking histopathological reports as gold standard. Materials and Methods: It is a Diagnostic validity test, undertaken in the department of surgery in a tertiary care centre. Data collection was done by extensive history taking, clinical examination, FNAC, TRUCUT biopsy and post-operative histopathology. Results: Study was conducted on 145 patients. Out of the total, 99 (68.3%) reports were benign pathologies; fibroadenoma (61.6%) was the most common, while 46 (31.7%) were malignant pathologies and intra-ductal carcinoma was the most common (40 out of 46 cases; 88.9%). Overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 93.1%, whereas that of TRUCUT biopsy was 96.6%. Conclusion: We thus conclude that both FNAC and TRUCUT biopsy are accurate methods in breast diagnostic practice. The methods are complementary and depend on the skill and experience of the individuals performing the sampling and interpretation. The clinicians should also know the advantages and disadvantages of both the procedures to decide accordingly.
Study of Clinical Course and Outcome in Patients Admitted with Sepsis using ‘SOFA and qSOFA' Scoring Systems at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Godbole Shreeharsh , Chafekar Neelima
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The task force in the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) formulated the SOFA score based on six parameters of respiration, coagulation, liver, central nervous system, kidneys and cardiovascular systems representing the major organs of the body. A new score, the qSOFA score (q for quick) was formulated using respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and altered sensorium. This score was intended to be used at the bedside and without laboratory investigations. Aims and Objectives: To study the clinical course & outcome in patients admitted with sepsis using ‘sofa & qsofa' scoring systems at a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study, done between a periods between August 2017 to December 2019 in patients admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital. The total number of patients studied was 180. The SOFA and qSOFA scores were calculated for each patient on admission and after 72 hours. The comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension were also recorded. The clinical features and outcome was correlated with the SOFA and the qSOFA scores. Results: There were 31 deaths (17.22%) out of a total of 180. The highest number of deaths occurred with SOFA scores between 11 to15 which was 16 deaths (51.6%). The highest number of deaths occurred with the qSOFA score 2 which were 24 deaths (77.4). Higher SOFA and qSOFA scores did not always correlate with increased mortality, probably because of other factors like associated comorbidities. Conclusion: This study confirmed the usefulness of SOFA and qSOFA scores to predict mortality and for screening of patients with sepsis. Nevertheless, mortality prediction needs assessment of many other factors such as concomitant comorbidities, infecting organism, site of sepsis, etc, along with SOFA and qSOFA scores. Hence, we should assess the SOFA and qSOFA scores of patients in sepsis and with it also assess the role of clinical history and examination and comorbidities along with other factors, for a complete understanding of the patient.