bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Cross-Cultural Communication of Chinese Opera Cultural Elements in Teaching Materials of Chinese as a Foreign Language: Taking New Practical Chinese Readers as an Example
Authors: Wang Xi , Yao Dong
Published: February 2025

This paper selects the widely used New Practical Chinese Readers, a comprehensive teaching material for Chinese as a foreign language, analyzing its content selection, presentation format, and organizational characteristics. By reviewing the inclusion of Chinese opera cultural elements in this material, the study identifies existing issues and provides recommendations for improvement. Introducing opera culture into Chinese language teaching materials can align with global cultural exchanges, helping more people learn about traditional Chinese culture and enhancing China’s international influence.
Research on Development Strategies for “Double First-Class” Construction of Subject Service in University Libraries
Authors: Liu Haixin , Liu Liping , Zhang Yanan
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to explore the development strategies for subject services in university libraries within the context of the “double first-class” initiative. By examining the relationship between “double first-class” construction and university library subject services, the study analyzes the current state of subject services, including resource development, service models, and team building. Drawing on domestic and international case studies, the paper proposes a series of targeted and practical strategies to enhance the quality of subject services in university libraries, thereby providing robust support for the advancement of the “double first-class” initiative.
Analysis of Therapeutic Effects of Dental Arch Splint Intermaxillary Traction Combined with Rigid Internal Fixation in Patients with Facial Comminuted Fractures
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect of combining dental arch splint intermaxillary traction with rigid internal fixation for the treatment of facial comminuted fractures. Methods: Sixty patients with facial comminuted fractures admitted for treatment between July 2023 and December 2024 were selected. Using a random number table method, 30 patients were assigned to the observation group, where moderate traction using a dental arch splint combined with rigid internal fixation was applied. Another 30 patients were assigned to the control group and only received dental arch splint traction treatment. The total effective rate, postoperative recovery indicators, periodontal status, complication rate, and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The postoperative recovery indicators and periodontal status in the observation group were superior to those in the control group. The complication rate and quality of life score were lower in the observation group compared to the control group, with P < 0.05. Conclusion: Combining dental arch splint intermaxillary traction with rigid internal fixation can improve the periodontal status and quality of life of patients with facial comminuted fractures, shorten postoperative recovery time, reduce various complications, and enhance surgical efficacy.
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Pelatihan Pembuatan Brownies Kukus Sebagai Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler di MAN 2 Mojokerto
Authors: Rohmah Mardhiyatu , Astuti Nugrahani , Purwidiani Niken , Bahar Asrul
Published: February 2025

Adapun riset ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) aktivitas instruktur, (2) aktivitas peserta pelatihan, (3) hasil belajar kognitif, (4) hasil belajar psikomotor, dan (5) respon peserta pelatihan terhadap penerapan metode demonstrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan subjek siswa MAN 2 Mojokerto kelas 10, 11, dan 12 yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler tata boga. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 60 siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 30 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas instruktur berada dalam kategori sangat baik, dengan presentase 93% pada pendahuluan, 98% pada kegiatan inti, dan 90% pada penutup. Aktivitas peserta pelatihan juga dinilai sangat baik, dengan persentase 93% pada pendahuluan, 93% pada kegiatan inti, dan 95% pada penutup. Hasil belajar kognitif menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dengan nilai sig 0,000 < 0,05, sedangkan hasil belajar psikomotor berada dalam kategori sangat baik, dengan nilai tertinggi 98 dan terendah 94. Respon peserta terhadap instruktur, metode demonstrasi, dan kegiatan pelatihan masing-masing memperoleh nilai 97%, 95%, dan 95% dalam kategori sangat baik. Dengan demikian, metode demonstrasi terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Propostas, fissuras e provocações
Authors: Gandra Gustavo Henrique
Published: February 2025

Este e-book se propõe a abrir um espaço de diálogo e reflexão para se pensar nos desafios que permeiam a educação em seus contextos diversos e por uma perspectiva decolonial. A partir das propostas temáticas dos autores, questiona-se e promove-se maior criticidade sobre práticas pedagógicas e sociais. Esta obra permite um diálogo sobre as fissuras e as provocações que surgem quando a educação se encontra com as questões culturais, raciais e decoloniais.
Nesse sentido, os capítulos que compõem esse e-book analisam e discutem possíveis reflexões a partir de temas centrais e interdisciplinares, como a resistência das mulheres negras, a decolonização do currículo de Língua Portuguesa, a invisibilidade dos saberes africanos e indígenas na história do Brasil, entre outros. Por meio das abordagens dos autores e autoras, os capítulos destacam o potencial de transformação que a educação pode oferecer para a redução das violências sociais, culturais e educacionais.
O debate sobre os direitos humanos em uma perspectiva crítica, a linguagem e o ensino sob uma ótica decolonial complementam a proposta de uma educação que busca romper com os paradigmas coloniais, criando novas e outras possibilidades para se pensar em educação. Convido você a conhecer e partilhar os conhecimentos deste e-book.
Onde Cristo Nasceu
Authors: Motta Filho José Alves
Published: February 2025

Foi o país dos descendentes de Abraão designado com vários nomes, segundo as épocas da história, os povos que o habitavam e sua extensão territorial. Os tradutores da Bíblia, comumente chamados “os setenta”, usam a palavra “Síria”, para significar o país do povo aramaico. Esta terminologia, contudo, abraça o conjunto dos países sujeitos aos assírios (Gên 33, 18; 2 Sam 8, 5; Ez 16, 57; Flav. Josefo, Antiq., I, 6, 4).
Pe. Jordan e sua Obra
Authors: Crippa Domingos
Published: February 2025

No dia 8 de Dezembro de 1881, em Roma, num pequeno quarto, perfumado com os últimos anos e a gloriosa morte de S. Brígida, surgia no seio da Igreja, sempre fecundo de novas obras, um novo Instituto religioso, a Congregação do Divino Salvador. O momento, embora revestido da mais profunda simplicidade, era grandioso e solene para aqueles que o viviam. Três almas generosas, diversas entre si, mas unidas, identificadas num único ideal, depunham aos pés do altar, nas harmonias litúrgicas da festa da Imaculada Conceição, os santos votos pelos quais consagravam-se inteiramente a um novo e santo ideal.
THE CONCEPT OF RULE OF LAW IN THE DOCUMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS (THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION AND THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL) AND IN CASE-LAW OF THE CJEU
Authors: Szymanek Jarosław
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the concept of the rule of law in European Union law. This concept, known for a long time in treaties, has recently gained importance. It seems that two events were the turning points in the understanding of the rule of law in the EU legal order. The first, strictly legal, was the adoption and entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, which established today's Art. 2, which expressly expresses the rule of law as one of the principles on which the European Union is based. The second, this time political, were the results of elections in some Member States, the results of which, in the form of taking power or co-power by groups that were clearly anti-European or highly skeptical about the European Union project, were not liked by the EU left-liberal mainstream, which alternated power in countries such as Austria, and later to an even greater extent Hungary and Poland, was perceived as a threat to the a priori vision of permanently tightening integration.
VISUAL STRATEGIES OF THE SOCIAL POSTER IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sosnytskyi Yuriy
Published: February 2025

This article explores the visual strategies employed in Ukrainian social posters, with a focus on the use of metaphor and symbolism to convey socio-political messages. Through a detailed analysis, the study identifies three primary categories of metaphors: natural, social-domestic, and cultural-historical. The research methodology involves a visual content analysis of selected posters, examining how these metaphorical and symbolic elements function within the broader context of visual storytelling. The findings indicate that metaphor and symbolism are essential tools in the design of Ukrainian social posters, effectively enhancing the emotional and persuasive impact of the artwork. By integrating historical imagery and culturally significant symbols, the posters construct a shared cultural narrative that fosters unity and strengthens social identity, particularly in times of societal crisis. The study contributes to the understanding of metaphorical language in Ukrainian visual culture, providing insights into its role in shaping public perception and increasing message retention.
APPLYING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: Bespalov Maksym , Solodchenko Serhii , Matveieva Anastasiia , Hrytsenko Hryhorii
Published: February 2025

The article examines the use of blockchain distributed ledger technology in various sectors of the economy. It was found that since 2008, blockchain has developed as a tool for cryptocurrency transactions and was later adopted by major transport companies for cargo transportation management, proving its efficiency. The study is based on general scientific methods of cognition, including the dialectical method for understanding phenomena and the comparative legal method for analyzing approaches to the legal nature of distributed ledger technology. Using a systemic-structural approach, the author examined the benefits and risks of digitalization and blockchain application, leading to the article's conclusions. Blockchain is applied in IT, energy, finance, agriculture, logistics, and other sectors, improving efficiency and transparency in business processes. However, Ukraine lacks legislative regulation of this technology. If implemented, blockchain could become a tool for promoting transparent business practices, reducing risks, and minimizing interference from government authorities.
OBSTACLES IN THE EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMPLOYEES AND EMPLOYERS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lavreniuk Sofiia , Odusanvo Viktoriia
Published: February 2025

This study examines the obstacles to employment for people with disabilities in Ukraine, emphasizing spatial, institutional, legislative, and social. The research is based on 16 in-depth interviews with people with disabilities and 8 interviews with employers representing small, medium-sized, and large enterprises. Key findings reveal systemic issues, including inaccessible infrastructure, limited educational and medical support, weak enforcement of employment laws, and persistent societal stigmas. Employers often focus on meeting quota requirements superficially, avoiding genuine inclusion. Stakeholders highlighted unclear legislation, societal stereotypes, and insufficient infrastructure. Successful employment depends on stronger legal enforcement, accessible infrastructure, inclusive workplace policies, and initiatives to challenge stereotypes. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires comprehensive reforms and enhanced collaboration between the state, businesses, and individuals with disabilities to foster meaningful integration into the labor market.
THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN AFGHANISTAN WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE US INTERVENTION AFTER SEPTEMBER 11 (2001–2021)
Authors: Allahverdi Khagani Jafarli
Published: February 2025

This article examined the political situation in Afghanistan after the 2001 US intervention. Due to its important geographical position, the study of what has happened in recent decades in Afghanistan, which has always become a collision ground of the current and strategic interests of global and regional powers, is not only from the point of view of the modern history and international relations of that country, but also to clarify one of the key points of global politics, and to have an adequate understanding of the events taking place in the region and the world today. is also important from the point of view. Since the processes are not yet finished in the research work and it is not clear what order will be formed in the region, the events that took place in and around Afghanistan after 2001 were discussed in general, and the main attention was paid to the earlier periods when their roots were hidden.
WAR AND INFORMATION WARFARE: ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR
Authors: Babayeva Gulshan Ziya
Published: February 2025

One of the means leading to victory in war is skillfully using the power of information. One of the most successful actions that led Azerbaijan to victory in the second Karabakh War was skillfully countering Armenia's disinformation activities. Unlike previous times, during this war, the Azerbaijani leadership, fully aware of the great importance of modern weaponry, military technology, and combat readiness, was better prepared to counter the strong Armenian lobby's attempts to steer international opinion toward Armenia's objectives, gain military-political support from states interested in prolonging the conflict, isolate Azerbaijan, and increase political-diplomatic pressure on its leadership to avert a potential defeat. That is why Armenia's attempts to spread disinformation, which it has been using for many years, did not give the desired result this time. All this justifies the relevance of the article and increases interest in a close study of the struggle of the two states in this area. In the article, the disinformation spread by the Armenian state with the support of its patrons and the Armenian lobby and the activities carried out by the Azerbaijani state to prevent this process were studied with the help of methods of political science such as analogy, comparative analysis, system analysis. To achieve the set objective, statements by government officials on the topic, newspapers and journals from various countries, electronic resources, and scientific works were extensively used, and a fact-based analysis was conducted. The main scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the activities of two states conducting information warfare against each other, based on specific examples. The main scientific result of the article is that the mentioned state, contrary to expectations, was separated from the information war by defeat. This shows that Azerbaijan was also prepared for information warfare.
LEGAL PRINCIPLES FOR ENSURING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF FIGHTING GAMBLING ADDICTION (LUDOMANIA) IN UKRAINE
Authors: Denysenko Olga
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legislation of Ukraine on the search for legal positions to ensure the implementation of the principle of fighting gambling addiction (ludomania) in the activities of various state bodies. The author emphasizes that with the legalization of the gambling business in 2020, Ukraine began to pay attention to the issues of the gaming environment. But the last game addiction is a mental illness, the principle of "fighting game addiction" is incorrect, the next disease can be diagnosed and treated, reduce its spread in society, but not fight it. The author concludes that a lot has been done by Ukraine in 2024: the NSDC (National Security and Defense Council) decision on the protection of gamblers was adopted, which provides for its own plan at the levels of various state bodies to help gamblers with gambling addiction. This year, the Ministry of Health adopted a protocol for the treatment of gaming interaction, which should significantly improve the availability of psychiatric care and the need for gaming addiction of its quality. It is expected to adopt a standard for the provision of social services for socio-psychological rehabilitation of persons with gaming addiction, which will contribute to the resolution of difficult life situations in the player and his return to normal life after treatment. Problematic issues today remain the protection of players who play illegally gambling, after which such players are brought to administrative responsibility and cannot be recognized as victims in criminal proceedings initiated for engaging in illegal gambling business, so this legislation needs to be updated.
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN UKRAINE: CONCEPTS, TYPES AND CONCEPTUAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kropyvnytskyi Mykola
Published: February 2025

The author examines issues related to the definition of the concept, types and conceptual characteristics of social assistance as a complex legal institute. It is emphasized that social assistance as one of social security forms is an independent type of financial support for disabled citizens, low-income households, households with children and other persons in the form of guaranteed, regulated by law, one-time or periodic payments of social nature. The findings of the study highlight the significant role of the definition of target groups as an integral part of the construction of the social assistance system – targeting, which means targeting someone or something – people or social units and requires the correct identification of the poor, which is associated with the problem of measuring poverty and, accordingly, high administrative costs to estimate family income.
Research Progress on Village Eco-Industry and Rural Industrial Revitalization and Its Inspiration for the Karst Desertification Control
Authors: Yu Nana , Xiong Kangning , Zhao Rong , Feng Fangli
Published: February 2025

Under the strategy of rural revitalization, it is urgent to apply the concept of ecological civilization to the development of rural industries. The study of ecological industry and industrial revitalization of karst village ecosystems can help to promote the revitalization of villages in ecologically fragile areas. However, the current status and progress of research on eco-industry and industrial revitalization of village ecosystems in ecologically fragile zones are unclear, and there is an insufficient summary of research results and problems. Therefore, based on 319 related literature, this paper focuses on the current status and progress of research on ecological industries and rural industrial revitalization in village ecosystems and reveals the current research results and shortcomings of ecological industrial revitalization in village ecosystems. We found that (1)village ecological industry and rural industry revitalization are becoming a hot topic; (2)Existing studies mainly focus on index system, driving factors, mechanism research and strategy research. (3) Research regions are mainly concentrated in Asia, North America and Africa. However, the main scientific and technological research such as the construction of indicator systems and the study of driving mechanisms are lagging behind. While summarizing the general rules, it also provides targeted insights and enlightenment for the sustainable management of karst desertification control ecosystem and the revitalization of rural industry.
Design of an EEG-controlled wheelchair and home automation through brain computer interface
Authors: K M Priya  , A Rishikumar  , S Dhanaseelan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the design of an EEG-based brain-controlled wheelchair and home automation system using Brain Computer Interface (BCI) with the NeuroSky Mind Wave Mobile 2 headset. Mobility impairment is a significant challenge that affects the daily lives of millions of individuals with disabilities worldwide. While traditional assistive devices such as wheelchairs offer mobility support, they often require significant physical manipulation. The integration of neurotechnology presents an exciting opportunity to overcome these limitations by enabling direct control of assistive devices using brain signals. This system acquires EEG signals from the brain and analyzes them to obtain attention and eyeblink parameters. These parameters are then utilized to control the wheelchair's movement and operate simple electrical devices such as fans and lights for home automation. The system is primarily intended to assist Quadriplegic patients who are unable to move any part of their body below their neck. It incorporates various components including the HC-05 Bluetooth module, HC-SR04 module, L293D, 16x2 LCD, Arduino UNO, and ESP 32 microcontroller.
Formulation and evaluation of antimicrobial herbal gel
Authors: Poonam Yogesh Purkar  , Pramod Ingale  , Kajal Batwal  , Sainath Rathod  , Yash Gaikwad
Published: February 2025

The aim of the current study to formulate and evaluate topical herbal gel of betel leaves and giloy. There is a potential market demand for natural and plant-based skin care products. The antimicrobial gel made from herbal plants works better than synthetic medications and has fewer side effects. The prepared extracts of betel piper leaves and giloy were added to prepared simple carbopol gel. The microorganismsS. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa have been used to determine antimicrobial activity. Candida albicans has been used to test its antifungal activity. This formulated gel was evaluated for physicochemical properties, pH determination, spreadability, viscosity, antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The results demonstrate that herbal gel containing betel leaves and giloy extract was successfully formulated. The gel was very effective as an antimicrobial and antifungal formulation. These formulations which are easy to use and have no side effects, have the potential to be very promising medications for wound healing.
A study on microbiome diversity and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of vaginopathogens at gestation time in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Lekshmi Gopal U  , Devapriya Vijayan  , Vandhana G  , Akhila S Arjun  , Chitra C Nair  , Beena P
Published: February 2025

A six-month study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, India, to analyse the microbiome diversity and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of vaginopathogens in 75 pregnant women. Vaginal swabs were collected and sent for microbiological evaluation. Pregnancy causes significant changes in the vaginal microbiota, which plays a crucial role in protecting both the mother and foetus from infections. Case records were reviewed for age, presenting complaints, laboratory results, diagnostic reports, and therapeutic management. Out of 75 vaginal swab samples, 22 tested positives for bacterial growth, identifying 32 bacterial strains, which were classified into 9 distinct species. Klebsiella species were the most prevalent (21.8%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (18.7%), beta-haemolytic streptococci (15.6%), and E. coli (12.5%). This study highlights the need for vigilant monitoring and targeted antibiotic therapy to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes while addressing the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance.
El alcance educativo de las descripciones quirúrgicas
Authors: Quintana-Montejo Natalia , Contreras-Páez Sebastián David , Pico-Camacho Andrea Juliana , Segnini-Rodríguez Franco Jesús , Domínguez-Torres Luis Carlos , Vega-Peña Neil Valentín
Published: February 2025

Introducción. Las descripciones quirúrgicas documentan el acto médico implícito en una cirugía. Su adecuado diligenciamiento facilita el cuidado del paciente, la atención multidisciplinaria y la comunicación entre equipos. A pesar de la obligatoriedad de un registro confiable, existe una falta de estandarización en los informes. La escritura de descripciones quirúrgicas es un ejercicio educativo que permite a los cirujanos reflexionar sobre los procedimientos realizados, con una mejora del razonamiento clínico y sus habilidades técnicas. Actualmente, la complejidad del ejercicio quirúrgico limita su utilidad como un insumo educativo.
Métodos. Se realizó un análisis reflexivo de los elementos involucrados en el alcance educativo de las descripciones quirúrgicas. El abordaje contempla los mecanismos teóricos cognitivos y del aprendizaje, los alcances positivos de la elaboración de las descripciones quirúrgicas y las principales amenazas para esta actividad como parte de la formación profesional.
Resultados. El entendimiento de la importancia y los alcances de una adecuada descripción quirúrgica trasciende al registro del procedimiento efectuado. Hay alcances subestimados en su relevancia en la calidad de la atención en salud, en la eficiencia de los recursos, así como en sus implicaciones legales. Además, tiene implicaciones favorables para los actores del sistema, inclusive para aquellos con una doble labor docente-asistencial.
Conclusiones. El abordaje educacional de las descripciones quirúrgicas debe constituirse en un hábito rutinario durante el actuar profesional de los cirujanos, e igualmente, debe contemplarse como parte de las competencias formativas. Su incorporación como un insumo educativo es una deuda pendiente en la formación de los cirujanos.
Interaksi Dai dan Mad’u dalam Pengajian Arisan Qolbu di Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Raihan Putri Fadila , Berliana Ilham  , Lasri Muharami
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini mengkaji hubungan antara dai dan mad’u dalam kegiatan pengajian Unit Pembinaan Anggota Arisan Qolbu di Jorong Bangkaweh, Kabupaten Agam. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penerapan berbagai model komunikasi dakwah, seperti Model Pertukaran Sosial, Model Peranan, dan Model Permainan, serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi interaksi dai dengan mad’u. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas dakwah sangat dipengaruhi oleh pendekatan personal, keteladanan, dan fleksibilitas peran dai dalam berinteraksi dengan mad’u. Mad’u lebih menerima dakwah ketika merasakan manfaat yang lebih besar dibandingkan pengorbanan mereka, sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam Model Pertukaran Sosial. Selain itu, keteladanan dai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan kemampuan memainkan peran sesuai kebutuhan situasi turut memperkuat hubungan dakwah. Hambatan seperti perbedaan latar belakang sosial dan ekonomi, serta keterbatasan waktu mad’u, menjadi tantangan yang harus diatasi oleh dai untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dakwah. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting tentang dinamika hubungan dai dan mad’u, serta menawarkan kontribusi praktis bagi lembaga keagamaan dalam mengembangkan strategi dakwah yang lebih efektif dan relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat.
 
This study analyzes the relationship between preachers and mad’u in the recitation activities of the Arisan Qolbu Member Development Unit in Jorong Bangkaweh, Agam Regency. The research focuses on the application of communication models, including the Social Exchange Model, Role Model, and Game Model, as well as the factors influencing interactions between preachers and mad’u. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of da'wah is influenced by personal engagement, exemplary behavior, and the preacher’s adaptability in responding to the needs of mad’u. The Social Exchange Model highlights that mad’u are more receptive to da'wah when they perceive the benefits to outweigh the associated sacrifices. Furthermore, the preacher’s conduct in daily life and ability to adjust roles based on situational demands strengthen the da'wah relationship. Challenges include social and economic disparities between preachers and mad’u, as well as the limited availability of mad’u for engagement. Addressing these barriers is essential to improving the effectiveness of da'wah. This study provides valuable insights into preacher-mad’u dynamics and offers practical recommendations for developing da'wah strategies that align with contemporary societal needs.
MODEL INTEGRASI ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE DAN MAQASHID SYARI'AH DALAM KEBERLANJUTAN BANK SYARI'AH INDONESIA TAHUN 2020-2023
Authors: Nurafni Sofya  , Puteri Hesi Eka
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel Environmental (E), Social (S), Governance (G), dan Maqasid Syari'ah terhadap keberlanjutan Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) pada periode 2020-2023. Menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda, penelitian ini menguji seberapa besar kontribusi masing-masing variabel dalam menjelaskan variabilitas keberlanjutan BSI, yang mencakup aspek lingkungan, sosial, tata kelola, dan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel independen memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keberlanjutan BSI. Secara khusus, variabel Environmental (E) dan Governance (G) memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar dengan koefisien Beta masing-masing sebesar 0.45 dan 0.40, diikuti oleh Social (S) dengan koefisien Beta 0.35 dan Maqasid Syari'ah (moderasi) dengan koefisien Beta 0.30. Nilai p-value yang sangat signifikan (p-value < 0.05) menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh masing-masing variabel tidak hanya relevan, tetapi juga kuat dan dapat diandalkan. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya integrasi aspek keberlanjutan, tanggung jawab sosial, tata kelola yang baik, dan penerapan prinsip syariah dalam strategi pengelolaan bank syariah. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi kebijakan bagi BSI mencakup penguatan inisiatif lingkungan, peningkatan program sosial yang inklusif, serta pemeliharaan tata kelola yang transparan dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada literatur akademik dan praktik perbankan syariah dalam mengembangkan model keberlanjutan yang sejalan dengan prinsip syariah dan kebutuhan sosial-ekonomi.
Inheritance Disputes Over Assets Still Under Debt Collateral Status from an Islamic Law Perspective
Authors: Januaris Fadli , Adriaman Mahlil
Published: February 2025

Inheritance disputes involving assets under debt collateral status present unique challenges in the context of Islamic law, where debt repayment takes precedence over the distribution of inheritance. In Islamic banking, assets pledged as collateral (marhun) are considered the debtor's property but remain under the creditor's claim until the associated debt is fully paid. This creates legal and ethical complexities when the debtor passes away, as the heirs' right to inheritance may conflict with the creditor's right to the pledged asset. This study examines these disputes from an Islamic law perspective, focusing on the balance between fulfilling financial obligations and ensuring justice for heirs. The research analyzes relevant principles in Islamic inheritance law, including the prioritization of debt repayment and the distribution of remaining assets to heirs. It also evaluates the regulatory framework of Islamic banking, which often introduces contractual obligations affecting inheritance claims. Case studies are used to illustrate practical scenarios and highlight potential conflicts between creditors and heirs. The findings reveal that the resolution of such disputes requires a harmonization of traditional Islamic jurisprudence with contemporary banking practices. Proposed solutions include transparent debt documentation, equitable mechanisms for settling debts from the estate, and clear guidelines for managing collateralized assets in inheritance cases. By addressing these issues, this study contributes to the development of legal frameworks that uphold sharia principles, ensuring justice and fairness for all parties while maintaining the integrity of financial transactions and inheritance systems.
Studying a within-person process is reliant on between-person differences over time in intensive longitudinal data
Authors: Krammer Georg
Published: February 2025

Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) are increasingly the focus of psychological studies implementing ecological momentary assessment, ambulatory assessment, daily diary studies and experience sampling methods. The shared aim of these is to transcend the long-standing research tradition of studying studies between-person phenomena and thus emphasizing interindividual differences. The premise on which such ILD-based research builds is that by going beyond cross-sectional data and the study of interindividual differences, we can gain deeper insights into underlying within-person processes. The increasing use of ILD is bolstered by the rediscovery and refinement of statistical methods that seek to differentiate the between-person from the within-person level. In this Critical Commentary, we investigate whether this premise is justified. To this end, we use two example within-person processes – (i) a uniform measurement bias in the context of (ii) a variable that changes over time – and examine how psychological methods study them. We argue that when current psychological approaches claim to study these within-person processes, they do so by relying on between-person differences over time, which ultimately remains between-person differences research. In order for psychological methods to truly address within-person processes, they will have to devise means of separating concurrent within-person processes, or they will continue to be between-person differences approaches, albeit more fine-grained than to date. We name this epistemological phenomenon of studying within-person processes reliant on between-person differences the Between-Not-Within fallacy.
Personal Danger Signals Reprocessing: New Online Group Intervention for Chronic Pain
Authors: Goldstein Pavel
Published: February 2025

Chronic pain represents a formidable global health issue, affecting a considerable segment ofthe population. Even with advancements in medical interventions, a notable number ofpatients persistently suffer from pain in the absence of identifiable organic causes, designatingthis category of chronic pain as nociplastic pain. In recent years, there has been growingrecognition of the significant role that danger signal processing plays in the development andmaintenance of chronic pain. In response to this need, an innovative online group-basedtherapeutic approach was developed. The approach targets the mental mechanisms associatedwith danger signal processing, using coaching to incorporate therapeutic instruments andreaching a wider audience with an affordable and accessible online group format.This study aims to investigate the efficacy of online group intervention, termed Personal DangerSignals Reprocessing (PDSR), as a means to alleviate chronic pain and mental healthcomorbidities.A cohort of women (N=19, mean age 43) participated in an 8-week online program, receivingweekly sessions. The program encompassed a comprehensive understanding of chronic painwithin a systemic framework of PDSR. We collected pain outcomes, mental healthcomorbidities, and potential psychological mechanisms at three-time points: before, in themiddle, and after completing the intervention for a group of 19 participants, while the waitinglist group (N=20, mean age 43.5) only completed the self-report assessments on the sametimeframe. Finally, we also collected pain levels of the PDSR group 6 months after the formalintervention termination.The PDSR group experienced significant reductions in pain levels throughout the intervention (p< .001). Notably, pain levels in the PDSR group were robustly reduced both at the middle(Cohen's D = 0.7) and end (Cohen's D = 1.5) of the intervention compared to the waiting listgroup. Similarly, pain interference showed significant reductions (p < .01), with a substantialdecrease observed in the PDSR group compared to the waiting list group after the intervention(Cohen's D = -1.7, p < .0001). Well-being also significantly improved for the PDSR group at boththe middle (p < .001, Cohen's D = 1.7) and end (p < .001, Cohen's D = 1.8) of the intervention.Secondary outcomes, including pain catastrophizing, sleep interference, anxiety levels, anddepressive symptoms, all showed consistent reductions for the PDSR group compared to thewaiting list group (all p-values < .01).Findings reveal that the PDSR online intervention holds the potential to significantly reducepain, enhance functional capabilities, and elevate subjective well-being for individuals grapplingwith chronic pain. The study underscores the effectiveness of online interventions whileemphasizing the need for further research to optimize implementation strategies.
Low socioeconomic status amplifies the perceived rarity of large rewards
Authors: Ciranka Simon Kai , Chevallier Coralie , Nettle Daniel
Published: February 2025

Decision-making relies on heuristics derived from past experiences. Past experiences are likely to vary with socioeconomic status. We investigate socioeconomic differences in people’s reliance on a risk-reward heuristic, which exploits the tendency for larger rewards to be less probable. We analyze participants’ probability estimates in a lottery experiment and vignettes describing competitive search for resources. We find — and replicate— that participants with lower socioeconomic status (n = 144) assume a stronger negative relationship between payoffs and probabilities, viewing larger payoffs as less probable, but often smaller payoffs as more probable, than participants with higher socioeconomic status (n = 154). In simulations, we show that this relationship is expected under conditions of scarcity and high competition when foraging for resources. We suggest that the heuristics used by people with lower socioeconomic status are a concrete adaptation to experiences of scarcity. This means that psychological differences will persist unless redistributive actions remedy the scarcity driving them.
An Exploration of the Structure of Goal Representation
Authors: Cheung Bernice , Berkman Elliot
Published: February 2025

Goal representation characterizes the cognitive structures people use to frame, perceive, and evaluate goals. Variance in goal representation provides meaningful insight into goal pursuit. However, the conceptual structure of this multifaceted construct has yet to be established. Most Goal-related theories and empirical research focus on a limited subset of dimensions, such as specificity or importance. The present project explores and evaluates the conceptual structure of goal representation using a data-driven meta-theoretical approach. We collected more than 2000 goals from 669 participants in three studies with college and online samples. In Studies 1-3, participants rated all their goals on 31 goal representation dimensions. In Study 3, participants completed three monthly follow-ups and rated all their goals again at the end. We independently conducted exploratory factor analysis in each study and extracted a four-component (Value, External Motive, Clarity, and Consensus) and a six-component structure. We evaluated the replicability and reliability of both structures. We found that all components from the four-component structure aligned across three studies and had moderate to high inter-rater reliability. All components from the six-component structure aligned between baseline and post-assessment at 3 months, and Value, External Motive, and Consensus had test-retest reliability > .7. In Study 3, we found that External Motive and Attainability were positively associated with goal progress, but Value was not. Attainability was also positively associated with progress satisfaction. This project establishes a dimensional space to describe mental representations of goals and sets the foundations for future research to build tools to assess goal representation.
Assessing conspiracist ideation reliably, validly, and efficiently: A psychometric comparison of five short-form measures
Authors: Kay Cameron Stuart , Slovic Paul
Published: February 2025

Choosing a short-form measure of conspiracist ideation is fraught. Despite there being numerous scales to choose from, little work has been done to compare their psychometric properties. To address this shortcoming, we compared the internal consistency, two-week test-retest reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity of five short-form conspiracist ideation measures: the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale – 5 (GCB-5), Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (CMQ), General Measure of Conspiracism (GMC), American Conspiracy Thinking Scale (ACTS), and One-Item Conspiracy Measure (1CM). The results of our investigation indicated that all five of the scales are reliable and valid measures of conspiracist ideation. That said, the GCB-5 tended to perform the best while the 1CM tended to perform the worst. We conclude our investigation by discussing trade-offs among the five scales, as well as providing recommendations for future research.
Using Generative AI to create lexicons for interpretable text models with high content validity
Authors: Low Daniel Mark , Rankin Osiris , Coppersmith Daniel D.L. , Bentley Kate , Nock Matthew , Ghosh Satrajit S
Published: February 2025

Researchers often want to measure a broad variety of constructs such as anxiety, discrimination, or loneliness in text data from surveys, academic articles, interviews, social media, and electronic health records. In practice, using large language models (LLMs) remain infeasible for many researchers due to concerns around privacy, cost, compute requirements, and computational expertise, and may prefer interpretable models to avoid mistakes in high-stakes scenarios. Lexicons offer a simpler solution by counting relevant words and phrases, making them very popular in the social sciences and as baseline models in computer science. Existing lexicons are limited because they measure a fixed set of constructs that are unlikely to cover the specific constructs of interest for a given application, resulting in low content validity. Building and validating new lexicons is resource intensive. In this study, we found that GPT-4 turbo was able to automatically create a lexicon for 49 known risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors, which we release as the Suicide Risk Lexicon. We used the lexicon counts to predict risk levels in crisis counseling conversations. After validating it with experts, our model outperformed the widely-used LIWC lexicon and performed similarly to deep learning models. Through feature importance analysis, we discovered that active suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, and direct self-injury were stronger indicators of imminent risk than passive suicidal ideation or depressed mood. To simplify creating and validating new lexicons for any domain of research, we introduce a protocol and Python package, construct-tracker, that works with a variety of generative AI models.
भट्टारक महायोगी मिलारेपा र नेपाल सम्बन्ध
Authors: पराजुली Parajuli कल्पना Kalpana
Published: February 2025

नेपालको रसुवा नजिकै तिब्बतको सीमाना केरुङ क्षेत्रको क्याङाचा भन्ने ठाउँमा सन् १०५२ मा जन्मेका थोपागा तिब्बती भाषामा सुन्दैमा आनन्द लाग्ने) सिद्ध महायोगी भट्टारक मिलारेपाको नामले प्रसिद्ध भएका थिए । उनले नेपालका विभिन्न पहाडी र हिमाली क्षेत्रहरुमा साधना गरेका थिए । तिब्बतमा जन्मेर नेपालका विभिन्न स्थानमा साधना गरेका मिलारेपाका कारण नेपाल र तिब्बत लगायतका विभिन्न क्षेत्रहरुमा बुद्ध धर्मको विकास र विस्तारमा सघाउ पुगेको थियो । उनका कारण नेपाल–तिब्बत–चीन तथा बुद्ध धर्म मान्ने मानिसहरुका बीच सम्बन्धको नयाँ आयाम थपिएको थियो । यसको प्रभावकै कारण प्राचीनकालदेखि कायम रहेको नेपाल र तिब्बत बीचको सम्बन्धमा धार्मिक सम्बन्धको विस्तार हुन गई यो सम्बन्ध नयाँ उचाइमा पुगको थियो ।
सती प्रथाको प्रादूर्भाव
Authors: उपाध्याय Upadhyaya ज्योति Jyoti
Published: February 2025

नेपाल, भारतलगायत केही देशहरुमा सती प्रथाको प्रचलन प्राचीन कालदेखि नै विद्यमान रहँदै आएको थियो । प्राचीन कालदेखि सती प्रथा चल्दै आएको भए तापनि पतिको मृत्युसँगै पत्नी चितामा जलेर देहत्याग गर्ने जस्तो यो प्रथा एक अमानवीय कार्य थियो । यस्तो कुप्रथा कहाँबाट कहिलेदेखि सुरु भएको थियो भन्ने कुरामा एकमत पाइँदैन । सती प्रथाको उत्पत्तिको आधार हिन्दू धार्मिक ग्रन्थहरु नै हुन् भन्ने तर्कका पनि कुनै भरपर्दा आधारहरू पाइँदैनन् । हिन्दू धर्मका महत्वपूर्ण ग्रन्थहरु ऋग्वेद, यजुर्वेद, सामवेद र अथर्व वेदमा नारीहरू सती जाने कुराको उल्लेख गरिएको पाइँदैन । यी वेदहरूको निर्माण गरिनु भन्दा अगाडि नै सती प्रथा प्रचलनमा आइसकेको मानिन्छ । वैदिककालका मानिसहरु सती प्रथाको बारेमा जानकार थिए । तर उनीहरूले त्यो प्रथा व्यवहारमा अपनाएका थिएनन् । वेदको रचना पछिका विभिन्न पुरोहितहरूले पुराणहरूको रचना गरे । त्यसमा पितृसत्ताको आधिपत्य स्थापना गर्नका लागि पुरोहितहरूले स्त्री धर्मको निर्माण गरे । त्यसमा नारीको दायित्व, कर्तव्य, नैतिक जिम्मेवारीका कुराहरू उल्लेख गरी नारीहरूलाई सती पठाउने गरेको देखिन्छ । तिनमा पनि धर्म र पापसँग स्त्रीहरूलाई जोडेर, पुरुषप्रति नारीहरू उदार रहनु पर्ने सबैको मालिक भगवान् पुरुष जसलाई नारीहरूले जीवन छउन्जेल र मृत्यु पर्यन्त पनि सन्तुष्ट राख्दै सात जन्मसम्म सँगै बस्न पाइने बहानामा सती पठाइएको अध्ययनबाट थाहा पाइन्छ । यसका साथै पुरुषहरूले आर्थिक र राजनीतिक उपलब्धि हासिल गर्न सती पठाउने प्रचलन चलाएको देखिन्छ । केही स्थानमा धर्मको नाममा अन्धविश्वासले र केहीमा  अरूको दबाबमा सती गएको पाइन्छ । सतीको अर्थ सत्यमाथि विश्वास गर्ने स्त्रीसँग सम्बन्धित छ । यसमा पति पत्नीको सम्बन्ध एकदमै अटुट भएको कुरा व्यक्त गरिन्छ । सती प्रथाको उदय मानव सभ्यताको उदयसँगै महापाषाण् युगमा मृतकको साथमा उसले उपभोग गर्ने वस्तुहरूसँगै जलाउने गाड्ने प्रचलन थियो । यही विश्वासले यो प्रथाले अनुकूलता पायो र पत्नीलाई पनि वस्तु सरह जलाउन थालेको अनुमान लगाउन सकिन्छ । यो प्रथाको सुरुआत कहिलेदेख सुरु भयो भन्न सकिँदैन । सती प्रथाको प्रचलन नेपाल भारतमा मात्र नभएर अन्य देशमा पनि पाइएको छ । सती प्रथाको पहिलो प्रमाण ४६३ इशापूर्वमा नेपालमा र त्यसपछि ५१० कमन इरा BC.E. मा भारतमा पाइएको थियो । पन्ध्रौँ शताब्दीदेखि अठारौँ शताब्दीमा सती प्रथाको चरम विकास र अभ्यास भएको थियो । सती प्रथा विशेष गरी राजपुतहरूमा त्यसपछि अन्य जातमा पनि अभ्यास गर्न थालिएको उल्लेख  पाइन्छ ।
लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत परम्परा
Authors: रिजाल Rijal रवीन्द्र Rabindra
Published: February 2025

विद्वानहरूले आपूसित भएको विद्वत् भाव वा विशेष ज्ञानलाई प्रदर्शन गर्ने रीतिलाई विद्वत् परम्परा भनिन्छ । लिच्छविकालिन सौन्दर्यताले विद्वत् परम्परा बुझ्न र वर्तमानलाई अभ्यस्त गराउन गुण धर्मको काम गर्दछ । सत्य प्राप्त गर्नु ज्ञानको मूल ध्येय हो । ज्ञान प्रशारण, समाजिक सेवा, मानवकल्याण, गुठी व्यवस्था, कर  प्रणाली , इश्वरीय शक्ति, स्वशासन, तहगत राज्य संरचना, नारी स्वतन्त्रता आदि लिच्छविकालिन समाजको प्रमुख दार्शनिक एवं सैद्धान्तिक पक्ष हुन् । लिच्छविकालिन  विद्वत् परम्परा यिनै दर्शन र सिद्धान्त वरपर घुमेको छ । लिच्छविकालिन समाजको संरचनात्मक रुप अर्थात तत्कालीन समाजले सृजना गरेको सामाजिक मान्यता, चलित मूल्य, ब्यवहार, नियम, धारणबाट लिच्छवि समाज निर्माणको मापन गर्न सकिन्छ । यो नै लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको तत्वमिमांस हो । लिच्छविकालिन सामाजिक संरचनाले विकास गरेको ज्ञान, बुझाई वर्णन गर्न वा तत्कालीन समाज दर्शाउने भएकोले यस लेखमा ब्याख्यात्मक दृष्टिकोणबाट दर्शनलाई  प्रयोग गरिएको छ । विद्वत्, विद्या, ज्ञानको वास्तविकता, विद्वता प्रभाव, विद्वताको श्रोत, विद्वताको सामाजिकीकरणको श्रृखलाहरू माथि ऐतिहासिक पद्धति र दृष्टिकोणको आधारमा तत्कालीन समाजलाई हेरि ज्ञान प्रशाारणको भाव बुझाउने जमर्को गरिएको छ । यो नै लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको ज्ञानमिमांस हो । गुरुकुल, सम्मेलन, परिषद्, सभा, विश्वविद्यालय, विहार, गुम्वा, घ्याङ् विद्वताको माध्यम वा श्रोत हुन् । विद्वता र वौद्धिकताको आलोकमा लिच्छविकालिन ज्ञान विज्ञानको वास्तविकता भेट्न विद्वत् परम्पराको बोध हुनु उत्तिकै आवश्यक छ । लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको छत्रछाँयामा ज्ञान तत्कालीन समाजमा प्रशारण भएको भेटिन्छ, वास्तुकला, शिलालेख लेखन यसको उदाहरण हो । विद्वानहरूले गरेको अति उत्कृष्ट कार्यको नमूनाको रुपमा विद्वत् परम्परालाई लिन सकिन्छ । यो नै लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको मूल्यमिमांस हो । तर वर्तमान समाजले यो पक्षमाथि दृष्टिगोचर गरिएको पाइदैन । विश्वका विविध ज्ञान परम्पराहरू जस्तै नेपाली ज्ञान परम्पराको ऐतिहासिक विरासत जीवन्त पार्न प्रमाणित इतिहासको थालनीको अवधि भएकाले लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको अनुशीलन जरुरी छ । तसर्थ प्रस्तुत अध्ययनको उद्देश्य लिच्छविकालिन विद्वत् परम्पराको खोज र अध्ययन गर्नु रहेको छ ।