bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zirconium-catalyzed asymmetric Kabachnik–Fields reactions of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes
Authors: Dai Yijing , Zheng Li , Chakraborty Debarshi , Borhan Babak , Wulff William D.
Published: August 2021

An effective catalyst has been developed for the three-component reaction of aldehydes, anilines and phosphites in an asymmetric catalytic Kabachnik–Fields reaction to give α-aminophosphonates.
Evaluation of photoanode materials used in biophotovoltaic systems for renewable energy generation
Authors: Anam Maira , Gomes Helena I. , Rivers Geoffrey , Gomes Rachel L. , Wildman Ricky
Published: August 2021

An illustrative diagram of a biophotovoltaic system highlights its main components and several steps of electron transport.
Quantitative description of the response of finite size adsorbates on a quartz crystal microbalance in liquids using analytical hydrodynamics
Authors: Schofield Marc Meléndez , Delgado-Buscalioni Rafael
Published: August 2021

Using unsteady hydrodynamics theory, this work derives parameter-free analytic relations which quantitatively agree with QCM experiments of either light of heavy adsorbed particles ranging between 5 and 200 nm in size.
Glassy dynamics of sticky hard spheres beyond the mode-coupling regime
Authors: Luo Chengjie , Janssen Liesbeth M. C.
Published: August 2021

Generalized mode-coupling theory, a first-principles-based theory, systematically improves the prediction of phase diagrams for sticky hard spheres.
Tuning the magneto-rheological properties of magnetic fluid using hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Xiao , Li Decai
Published: August 2021

In this work, we study the effect of hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles with different mass fractions on the magneto-rheological properties of magnetic fluid, and reveal the mechanism by the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation.
Construction of hierarchical IrTe nanotubes with assembled nanosheets for overall water splitting electrocatalysis
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Wang Peng , Zhang Hugang , Tian Wenjing , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing
Published: August 2021

Hierarchical IrTe nanotubes with assembled nanosheets have been prepared for electrochemical overall water splitting with excellent performance.
Advances in understanding the gas sensing mechanisms by in situ and operando spectroscopy
Authors: Sharma Aditya , Rout Chandra Sekhar
Published: August 2021

A brief review on recent developments in situ/operando spectroscopy and microscopy techniques to gain insights into the electronic structure and surface chemistry associated with the adsorption of gas molecules.
Synthesis and electrocatalytic mechanism of ultrafine MFe2O4 (M: Co, Ni, and Zn) nanocrystallites: M/Fe synergistic effects on the electrochemical detection of Cu(ii) and hydrogen evolution reaction performances
Authors: Fan Changchun , Zhai Xingwu , Chen Long , Peng Shanglong , Jiang Rong , Yu Jie , Li Yafei , Zhang Yinglin , Kong Wenwen , Ge Guixian , Guo Xuhong
Published: August 2021

A spinel MFe2O4 is prepared via a simple one-step hydrothermal method, and further its application is explored in the electrochemical Cu(ii) detection and HER.
Ba/Mg co-doped hydroxyapatite/PLGA composites enhance X-ray imaging and bone defect regeneration
Authors: Liu Xiangji , Ma Yihang , Chen Minjiang , Ji Jiansong , Zhu Yuhang , Zhu Qingsan , Guo Min , Zhang Peibiao
Published: August 2021

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the most commonly used orthopedic implant material.
Rational design of a highly porous electronic scaffold with concurrent enhancement in cell behaviors and differentiation under electrical stimulation
Authors: Chen Fang-Jung , Hsiao Yu-Sheng , Liao I-Hsiang , Liu Chun-Ting , Wu Po-I , Lin Che-Yu , Cheng Nai-Chen , Yu Jiashing
Published: August 2021

Conductive polymers (CPs) have received increasing attention as promising materials for studying electrophysiological signals in cell and tissue engineering.
High performance 2D MXene based conducting polymer hybrids: synthesis to emerging applications
Authors: Faruk Omar , Ahmed Abbas , Adak Bapan , Marzana Maliha , Hossain Md. Milon , Mukhopadhyay Samrat
Published: August 2021

This review highlights the recent advances in MXene-conducting polymer hybrids for wearable electronics (e.g., energy storage, pressure sensing, and EMI shielding, etc.). Furthermore, several future research trends have also been envisioned.
Downsizing revised: Star formation timescales for elliptical galaxies with an environment-dependent IMF and a number of SNIa
Authors: Yan Zhiqiang , Jeřábková Tereza , Kroupa Pavel
Published: August 2021

Previous studies of the stellar mean metallicity and [Mg/Fe] values of massive elliptical (E) galaxies suggest that their stars were formed over a very short timescale that cannot be reconciled with estimates from stellar population synthesis (SPS) studies and with hierarchical assembly. Applying the previously developed chemical evolution code, GalIMF, which allows an environment-dependent stellar initial mass function (IMF) to be applied to the integrated galaxy initial mass function theory instead of an invariant canonical IMF, the star formation timescales (SFT) of E galaxies are re-evaluated. The code’s uniqueness lies in it allowing the galaxy-wide IMF and associated chemical enrichment to evolve as the physical conditions in the galaxy change. The calculated SFTs become consistent with the independent SPS results if the number of type Ia supernovae (SNIa) per unit stellar mass increases for more massive E galaxies. This is a natural outcome of galaxies with higher star formation rates producing more massive star clusters, spawning a larger number of SNIa progenitors per star. The calculations show E galaxies with a stellar mass ≈109.5 M⊙ to have had the longest mean SFTs of ≈2 Gyr. The bulk of more massive E galaxies were formed faster (SFT ≈ 1 Gyr) leading to domination by M dwarf stars and larger dynamical mass-to-light ratios as observed, while lower mass galaxies tend to lose their gas supply more easily due to their shallower potential and therefore also have similarly-short mean SFTs. This work achieves, for the first time, consistency of the SFTs for early-type galaxies between chemical-enrichment and SPS modelling. Equally, it leads to an improved understanding of how the star formation environment may affect the total number of SNIa per unit stellar mass formed.
New-generation dust emission templates for star-forming galaxies
Authors: Boquien Médéric , Salim Samir
Published: August 2021

Context. The infrared (IR) emission of dust heated by stars provides critical information for galaxy evolution studies. Unfortunately, observations are often limited to the mid-IR, making templates a necessity. Previously published templates were based on small samples of luminous galaxies, which are not necessarily representative of normal star-forming galaxies.

Aims. We constructed new-generation dust templates, including instrument-specific relations and software tools that facilitate the estimation of the total IR (TIR) luminosity as well as obscured and unobscured star formation rate (SFR) based on one or several fluxes up to z = 4. For the first time, the templates include a dependence on both TIR luminosity and the specific SFR (sSFR), thereby increasing their reliability and utility for a wide range of galaxies. We also provide formulae for calculating TIR luminosities and SFR from JWST F2100W observations at 0 < z ≲ 2.

Methods. Our templates are based on 2584 normal star-forming galaxies spanning a wide range of stellar mass and sSFR, including sSFRs typical at higher redshifts. IR spectra and properties were obtained using CIGALE and the physically motivated Draine & Li (2007, ApJ, 657, 810) dust models. The photometry from the GALEX-SDSS-WISE Legacy Catalog was supplemented with 2MASS and Herschel-ATLAS, up to 19 bands from FUV to 500 μm.

Results. The shape of the dust spectrum varies with TIR luminosity, but also independently with sSFR. Remarkably precise estimates of the dust luminosity are possible with a single band over the rest-frame 12−17 μm and 55−130 μm. We validate single-band estimates on diverse populations, including local luminous IR galaxies, and find no significant systematic errors. Using two or more bands simultaneously yields the unbiased estimation of the TIR luminosity, even of star-forming dwarfs.

Conclusions. We obtain fresh insights regarding the interplay between monochromatic IR luminosities, spectral shapes, and physical properties, and we constructed new templates and estimators of the dust luminosity and SFR. We provide software for generating templates and estimating these quantities based on 1−4 bands from WISE, JWST, Spitzer, and Herschel, up to z = 4.
Dynamic behaviour of composites reinforced with needles from fir trees
Authors: Rădoi Alexandru Ioan , Miriţoiu Cosmin Mihai , Bogdan Mihaela , Stănescu Marius Marinel , Bolcu Dumitru , Geonea Ionuţ
Published: August 2021

In this paper we build some composite materials reinforced with needles from fir trees. In order to build the samples, we have firstly created some strips in this way: we put the pines, continuously, on a sheet of paper where we apply a thin layer of resin (we have used epoxy and polyester ones). We have made 10 strips and we have glued them together by using the same synthetic resins (epoxy and polyester). In the end we have obtained some composites reinforced with strips from fir trees needles and paper sheet, and the matrix is made from epoxy and polyester resins. From the obtained plate, we have cut some samples in order to study their free vibrations. We have placed an accelerometer at about 10 mm from the free edge and we have clamped the samples on several free lengths. The accelerometer is connected to a signal conditioner NEXUS which is also connected to a data acquisition system SPIDER 8. The data acquisition system is connected to a notebook through USB port. From the samples free vibrations, we have determined: the eigenfrequency, the damping factor per unit mass, damping factor per unit length, dynamic stiffness, dynamic Young modulus and loss factor.
Analysis of technology and machining devices for cleaning onion in the food industry
Authors: Woźniak Paweł , Nosal Stanisław , Bieńczak Agata
Published: August 2021

Over the last few years, the fruit and vegetable processing sector has recorded a systematic growth and thus strengthens its position within the food industry in Poland. The article presents the varieties of onions grown in Poland for processing purposes with the growing and storage periods, as well as technological treatments of mechanical cleaning onion. The division of individual stages of the processing process will be characterized with various methods of removing the root, tops and skin in vertical and horizontal technology. Machining tools for removing the root and tops as well as systems for cutting and removing skin will be presented. The authors will present the results of the onion processing stand tests, including exemplary processing tools, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of the applied technology.
The study and optimization of the behavior and energy absorbed in the frontal impact by a rectangular metal workpiece with an Origami core
Authors: Bleotu Robert-Marian
Published: August 2021

The bumper systems (beams and face bars) are parts of the car body structure, one of the most important components of an auto vehicle because of its role in absorbing the energy of an impact by deformation. The main objective of this paper is to study, optimize the built shape of the frontal members beams used in the endurance structure of motor vehicles in terms of their ability to absorb internal energy resulting from a frontal impact under the principles of sustainability. The study combines the classical technology used in the construction of vehicles with, the Origami Engineering” technique, which is generally used by NASA, but also by engineers in other fields: aeronautics, nanotechnology or medical technique. Simulation analyses were performed using the finite element on different types of thin-walled metal tubes, but also an origami structure.
Ionic Nitriding of Certain Parts Protected on Nonfunctional Surfaces With Special Paints. Electric Energy Consumed
Authors: Bibu Marius
Published: August 2021

The experimental researches on the promotion of new technologies for the local protection of metallic parts against plasma nitriding, led to two types of special paints for protection in ionic nitriding, paints elaborated on the basis of copper lamellar powder in combination with magnesium oxide and carbon tetrachloride. In the created context, it was considered that the elaborated paints could be used not only for preventing the hardening during ionic nitriding of certain technological surfaces of the parts on which they are applied, but also for coating certain nonfunctional surfaces, their degasification taking such a long time. These nonfunctional areas could be: surfaces resulted from casting, fragments with macroirregularities, surfaces that contain slag, residues, soot, other oxides, impurities, etc. and are the cause for a very large number of transitions of the glow discharges in electric arcs. The use of special protecting paints for the plasma nitriding of the parts that present nonfunctional surfaces leads to a major reduction in the energy consumption. This paper presents the ways of determining the consumed electric energy on the basis of absorbed power in the case of ionic nitriding of certain parts protected on nonfunctional surfaces with special paints.
Using Digital Twining in Fast-food Production Chain Simulation
Authors: Chiscop Florina , Necula Bogdan , Cazacu Carmen Cristiana , Stoica Cristian Eugen
Published: August 2021

The topic of this paper represents our research in the process of creating a virtual model (digital twin) for a fast-food company production chain starting with the moment when a customer launches an order, following with the processing of that order, until the customer receives it. The model will describe elements that are included in this process such as equipment, human resources and the necessary space that is needed to host this layout. The virtual model created in a simulation platform will be a replicate of a real fast-food company, thus helping us observe the real time dynamic of this production system. Using WITNESS HORIZON 23 we will construct the model of the layout based on real time data received from the fast-food company. This digital twin will be used to manage the production chain material flow, evaluating the performance of the system architecture in various scenarios. In order to obtain a diagnosis of the system’s performance we will simulate the workflow running through preliminary architecture in compliance with the real time behaviour to identify the bottlenecks and blockages in the flow trajectory. In the end we will propose two different optimised architectures for the fast-food company production chain.
Design for 3D Printing: case study for a cold plastic deformation mould
Authors: Nuţă Andrei-Bogdan , Ulmeanu Mihaela-Elena , Doicin Cristian-Vasile
Published: August 2021

Integration of additive manufacturing throughout a product’s lifecycle has proven over the years to bring substantial competitive advantages to companies worldwide. Complex geometries, quick iteration and lead-time reduction are universally seen as the biggest benefits of 3D printing. North American users also cite cost savings as a major benefit. More than half of the technologies’ applications are related to prototype manufacturing, especially due to high-cost savings in the development phase. Complex prototypes often require a cross reference when it comes to the design rules which need to be considered during the development stage. Thus, this study aims to analyze the various parameters when designing and manufacturing a complex prototype using material extrusion. Some of the main issues covered are related to analyzing the interference between components, adjusting the dimensions of the component elements according to the material contractions, the amount of used material and the total scrap and costs. In order to evaluate the abovementioned, a case study for a cold plastic deformation mould was chosen. The components were designed and assembled in a 3D software after which, each part was exported in *.STL and *.Gcode formats. Assembly tests were performed on the 3D printed components in order to adjust the dimensions. Project planning was used to propose an accurate time frame for the final complex prototype. Cost evaluation and material consumption were discussed in relation to functional, technological and economical restrictions. A final budget and general design rules were proposed for 3D printing of the complex functional prototype.
Can team building be a game changer for Startups?
Authors: Dovleac Raluca , Ionică Andreea
Published: August 2021

The paper examines the possibility of using team building in order to address one of the main issues that lead to Start-up failure – lack of team cohesion and shared vision regarding goals. Team building refers to a set of activities that are supposed to help build and/or consolidate a team and facilitate the team’s ability to work together towards achieving clear, well defined goals. The research of the paper was conducted by first examining the existing literature in the field of team building and Start-ups in order to understand if the topic has been previously covered and if so, take note of the results. Secondly, it is based on the experience of the authors with implementing team building practices in the case of three Start-up businesses and continuing with applications in an educational context. The results suggest the existence of a link between the usage of team building activities and team cohesion, which in the case of Start-up businesses could prove to be the difference between their success or failure.
Increasing the performance of a system by changing reliability
Authors: Babiş Claudiu , Dimitrescu Andrei , Alecusan Ana Maria , Babiş Marcela
Published: August 2021

The evaluation of the performance of a mechanical system takes into account many factors, including those related to competitiveness, technology and reliability.

From the point of view of competitiveness, most companies use the same state-of-the-art information obtained either by applying their own research, development and innovation resources, or by purchasing technologies and patents from other companies or from the free market. Thus the resulting products, if not innovative products, are part of the same range.

The global technological level has reached a very high degree of development, using unconventional technologies with high precision, robots, advanced mechanical systems and assembly lines with high productivity as well as verification and control systems on manufacturing flow which makes production to be uniform.

Differences between manufacturers begin to appear when the degree of customer satisfaction changes, which is also found in the concept of reliability. Thus, the one who will find the technological solution with the same number of parts, but with a high reliability, will win the market.

The paper aims at a detailed study with direct reference to how to increase reliability at the design stage.
Aspects regarding the appreciation of regularity and punctuality in the public transport system from Sibiu, Romania
Authors: Purcar Carmen , Bădescu Mircea , Inţă Marinela
Published: August 2021

Regularity and punctuality are two very important measures for evaluating the quality of a public transport system. Several indicators can be used to estimate them, each with advantages and disadvantages. The paper comparatively describes a series of such indicators and presents a study conducted for two public transport lines in Sibiu, Romania. The study shows how, depending on the indicators used, the results show the influence of different factors.
Space traffic management - key issue for Industry 4.0
Authors: Botezatu Ulpia Elena , Bucovetchi Olga
Published: August 2021

Space technology and services represent a major component of the well-functioning societies’ infrastructure. At the same time, outer space is being increasingly accessed with many entities sending out technologies in an attempt to minimize launching and operational costs. Subsequently, a cross-domains activity, space technologies and services lay in the insufficiently settled area of legislative and institutional measures, leading to a growing ambiguity among professional community, reunited under the concept of ”space traffic management” (STM). In line with the new initiatives in the field of STM, this paper attempts to unblackbox the interplay between definitions and establishment history of it, its context of emergence, usage and the level of technological maturation. At the same time, the paper intends to address the tension between governmental and private initiatives related to the management and the coordination for space traffic, in order to open up a discussion on this topic. Thus the paper is expected to contribute to building a better understanding of the controversial nature of space services and technologies, especially with regard to delineations among geopolitical groups of interest, economic and governmental uses, as well as interfacing, roles and responsibilities, and impact on interoperable means of communication among various institutions.
Considerations Regarding the Analysis and Interpretation of Traumatic Lesional Mechanisms in Road Accidents
Authors: Tarnu Lucian , Deac Cristian
Published: August 2021

According to statistics, road transportation is the most dangerous means of transportation and also the costliest in terms of human lives and material damage. The increase of road safety is a priority goal of the European Commission and an area of high interest for Romania, which is unfortunately placed very high in the hierarchy of countries with a high number of deaths resulting from road accidents. This study presents the mechanisms of the generation of traumatic injuries and also analyses the manner of interpreting these mechanisms in the case of road accidents, both from the perspective of law enforcement and from the perspective of specialists in road transportation, who analyse and investigate road accidents from a technical point of view. Determining the lesional mechanisms helps to better understand the real image of the conditions of an accident’s occurrence, in order to clearly illustrate the elements mentioned in the forensic accident site report and to complement all other means to gather information at that site.
Are electric vehicles eco-friendly products? A review from life cycle and sustainability perspective
Authors: Grigore Niculina Alexandra , Kifor Claudiu Vasile
Published: August 2021

Industry, especially the automotive industry is permanently changing and adapting to the external and internal factors. The appearance of the new types of vehicles – electric vehicles, is a big and important step not only regarding the evolution of the product, but also regarding the advantages of reducing environmental impact. It is promoted the idea that an electric vehicle generates less direct emissions in use phase compared with a conventional one. If we limit to this, we could say that we are dealing with an eco-friendly type of vehicle. The question is, can we extend this idea to the other stages of the life cycle? What about the sustainability of the industry? This article highlights the methods of environmental impact assessment used by researchers for electric vehicles in terms of life cycle and sustainability. The findings of this systematic review demonstrate that even if are a large number of articles addressing electric vehicles, only a small number of them evaluate the electric vehicle from life cycle and sustainability point of view.
The Importance of Respecting the Psychological Contract by Managers
Authors: Moraru Gina-Maria , Popa Daniela
Published: August 2021

The paper wants to be an alarm signal that non-compliance with the psychological contract by managers can negatively affect the organizational climate. The paper starts with a selection of the most important aspects of the literature on the psychological contract. The results of this study from secondary sources are interpreted in terms of the current socio-economic context, showing the possible negative influences of economic crises and pandemics such as COVID-19 on compliance with the psychological contract in organizations. The situations of violation of the psychological contract by the management can be numerous in this context. Therefore, the paper then presents an exploratory research conducted online, the respondents being employed in various companies in the Sibiu County (Romania). The main objectives of the research were to find out the importance of the psychological contract for employees and how it is or is not respected by managers. The results showed that the psychological contract is very important for respondents, but their perceptions of compliance with it are influenced by the crises faced by the organization. Another important conclusion shows that, in the opinion of the employees, many managers from the organizations in Sibiu County do not respect the psychological contract.
Human Arm Motion Capture using Gyroscopic Sensors
Authors: Panaite Arun Fabian , Leba Monica , Olar Marius Leonard , Sibisanu Remus Constantin , Pellegrini Lilla
Published: August 2021

By using the most rudimentary microcontroller chips, that receive data from sensors, and transmit the data to a computer system, thorough a virtual serial port, motion of many objects, bodies and joints can be captured. Capturing the motion and reproducing it live is not the only destination for the data usage. Recording and studying the motion data, can reduce a lot of work in a wide range of domains. Using the simplest methods to capture the data, also means making it so widely accessible for learning, editing and also developing systems that use very little processing power, granting data access for the less efficient computers. We propose using the MPU-6050 MEMS sensor in a dual instance, and the Arduino UNO microcontroller, connected to a computer for data acquisition, to capture the motion of a human arm, and reproduce it in a projected environment. Other experiments, conducted by other researchers and developers have used a higher number of sensors, and the data acquisition and recording systems were much more complex, but our research reduced the number of sensors to just two. One of the high impact innovations brought by this system, in particular, is that we’ve virtually hooked the end of one sensor to the tip of the other, creating a virtual motion chain.
Calorific properties of the wood biomass from some softwood species
Authors: Spîrchez Cosmin , Lunguleasa Aurel , Ionescu Constantin Ştefan , Avram Anamaria
Published: August 2021

The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of the calorific properties of softwood biomass. The paper presents the caloric power and ash content, important caloric properties in the assessment of wood biomass. Biomass, in the form of wood, was and will remain an important combustible material. The value of ash content for spruce was 3.8% and 4.2% for fir. These values are within the international standards. Wood biomass, as a material can provide the energy need for the population at a reduced price. The combustion process are possible only in the presence of oxygen, which is usually introduced into the focal spot through the combustion air.
Evaluation of the explosion risk specific to the preparation and storage activity of the simple explosive mixture type ANFO
Authors: Vasilescu Gabriel , Laszlo Robert , Kovacs Attila , Gheorghiosu Edward , Rus Daniela , Jitea Ciprian , Radeanu Cristian , Ilici Stefan , Garaliu-Buşoi Bogdan , Miron Claudia
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the results of the theoretical and practical research regarding the evaluation of the explosion risk specific to the activity of preparation/storage activity of the ANFO type explosive mixture, based on the identification and systematic analysis of the potential dangers that can generate explosion events, in order to establish and substantiate the possible accidents main scenarios, as well as reference scenarios. From a structural point of view, each accident scenario, defined at the level of the industrial site analyzed, is configured procedurally in synthetic form, comprising typical sections of methodological approach, respectively: location, description of the consequences (unimportant, important), evaluation of the risk of explosion (identification, estimation and appreciation) and measures to prevent damage/measures to reduce the risk of explosion.
Innovative methodological tool for occupational risk quantification
Authors: Vochitoiu Haralambie , Unguraş Camelia Lavinia , Miclea Olga , Gaita Bogdan , Rus Ioan , Ilcea Gabriel Ioan , Vasilescu Gabriel Dragos , Iliaş Nicolae , Pintilie Dan Dumitru , Mateiu Ciprian
Published: August 2021

This paper presents research in the field of estimating and assessing occupational risks, in order to secure the activities carried out in the presence of specific hazards of industrial work systems, and is based on an in-depth knowledge of interdisciplinary notions in various fields related to systems security engineering. The innovative methodological tool highlights a way to quantify the phenomenon of manifestation of hazards specific to work processes that generate occupational risks with impact, both on the human component and at the level of other components specific to work systems, which significantly reduces the inherent subjectivity in assessing the risks caused by the human factor.
The role of an innovative disinfection system based on silver and hydrogen peroxide in infection prevention
Authors: Heinisch Martin , Heinisch Laura , Miricescu Dan
Published: August 2021

Due to the current pandemic situation caused by SARS-CoV-2 the need of effective precautionary methods is increasing. Besides the transmission of this virus by aerosols induced to air, it is assumed that the transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is mainly by contaminated surfaces. It has been demonstrated that viruses can contaminate dry surfaces and can be further transmitted to the host even after extended time. The amount of disinfection and hygiene systems has increased drastically over the recent year. Although, the conventional disinfection method via spraying and wiping is labour intensive and efficacy is dependent on the application. Aim of this study was to improve conventional disinfection methods. This new disinfection system based on hydrogen peroxide and silver nanoparticles displays a quick and effective alternative. The composition which was proposed in this study shows unique features in terms of application, health risk and effectivity. The novel application by vaporization helps to disinfect the environment and even the air to reduce virus spreading. New disinfection formulation shows efficacy on the surface proteins and genetic information of the virus. Integration of the effective disinfection method shown in this study in the current precaution measurements will help to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Stimulating teachers’ participation in lifelong training programs
Authors: Mara Daniel , Hunyadi Daniel
Published: August 2021

In this paper we will present the main ways to stimulate teacher participation in lifelong education programs, we have conducted during a POCU project, implemented between April 11, 2018 and December 10, 2020. The purpose of this research approach was to demonstrate the role of providing incentives to teachers who participate in continuing education programs. The study started from the general hypothesis that providing the opportunity to obtain some types of incentives contributes to motivating teachers’ participation in continuing education programs, as well as to obtaining very good results in the evaluation process. The research methods used to carry out the research approach were: the survey method and the tool used was a questionnaire on the quality of continuing education programs in which teachers participated; the method of analyzing the products of the teachers’ activity and the tool used was the portfolio for each methodology of the stimulant offered type. The main types of incentives provided to teachers in the project were: providing support tools, performance incentives and reward incentives for the teachers. By disseminating and multiplying the good practices regarding the continuous training process, the quality of the educational act with long-term effects will be ensured.
Embedding bullying related learning in the curriculum for initial teacher education: a possible approach
Authors: Cretu Daniela Maria
Published: August 2021

Teachers are key players in preventing and combating the phenomenon of bullying in schools. To actively and constructively assume this role, they need bullying training during their initial and continuous teacher education. This study explores opportunities to engage pre-service teachers in learning about school bullying within the curriculum for initial teacher education in Romania. More competencies were identified as necessary for future teachers for being able to manage the problems related to bullying in school. Suggestions for bullying-related learning activities within the curriculum of four psycho-pedagogical disciplines are provided from the perspective of an infusion approach. This study can help or inspire other teacher educators’ efforts to provide future teachers with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes they will need to tackle bullying situations in the school environment.
Brief consideration on the use of the theatre of oppressed in anti-bullying activities in schools
Authors: Duşe Carmen Sonia , Duse Dan Maniu
Published: August 2021

The problem of bullying is of great importance in education, due to the severity of its consequences. The paper aims to present some ideas about how theatre, as an art form, can be used in the fight against bullying in education. In this context, the use of the theatre concept of the oppressed as a tool to combat bullying behaviours can be more successful, as the act of denouncing oppression through actions, mimicry and gestures, through the tones of voice, leads to the setting of benchmarks. between the participating students / children and the educational community. Starting from the idea presented by the Brazilian writer and activist Augusto Bool, in turn influenced by the Brazilian pedagogue Paulo Freire, we aim to stop the phenomenon of bullying by introducing different theatre sequences in which children get involved, identify, analyse and explore, so as the spectators ask them to do, and in the end, in this way, it transforms the reality in which they live.
Ocorrência de Xyleborus mongraphus (Fabricius) e Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) juntamente com Platypus cylindrus, em Árvores de Carvalho de Cortiça na Tunísia
Authors: Bellahirech Amani , Bonifacio Luis , Inácio Maria L. , Jamâa Mohamed Lahbib Ben , Sousa Edmundo , Nóbrega Filomena
Published: August 2021

O sobreiro (Quercus suber) encontra-se distribuído pelo sudoeste da Europa (Portugal, Espanha, França e Itália) e no norte de África (Marrocos, Argélia e Tunísia). Diferentes pragas e doenças afetam esta árvore, com algumas diferenças regionais importantes. Por exemplo, o plátipo (P. cylindrus) é uma grande ameaça na Península Ibérica, mas não é uma praga relevante na Tunísia. Ao estudar a infestação do plátipo nos montados da Tunísia, foram capturados insetos dos géneros Xyleborus e Xyleborinus. A amostragem foi realizada em povoamentos de sobreiros no noroeste da Tunísia, em 2012 e em 2018. Foi selecionada uma árvore sintomática em cada povoamento, e os troncos foram colocados no laboratório. Os insetos Scolytinae emergentes desses troncos foram identificados pelos caracteres morfológicos e análise molecular. Utilizando as sequências parciais do gene mitocondrial Citocromo Oxidase I (COI) foi possível a identificação das espécies Xyleborus monographus e Xyleborinus sexesenii. Estes insetosambrosia já tinham sido descritos para a Tunísia, mas não associados ao sobreiro. Segundo o CABI, Q. suber não está listado como planta hospedeira de X. saxesenii, que é considerada uma espécie nativa da Tunísia. São necessários mais estudos sobre a bioecologia de X. monographus e X. sexesenii, uma vez que podem ser vetores de fungos patogénicos para o sobreiro. Embora se saiba que estes insetos atacam apenas árvores enfraquecidas, as alterações climáticas podem aumentar o seu potencial de causar danos económicos.
Modelos de Regressão para Estimativa do Volume de Fuste e Ramos da Espécie Brachystegia gossweilerii Hutch. & Burt Davy, na Floresta do Miombo da Comuna do Cuima (Huambo-Angola)
Authors: Ndjamba André , Pérez Yordan , Cárdenas Verena , Luamba Célcio , Lalengue Abílio
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho teve como finalidade ajustar modelos matemáticos para estimar o volume do fuste e ramos para a espécie Brachystegia gossweilerii Hutch. & Burt Davy. Para o efeito, foram derrubadas e rigorosamente cubadas 53 árvores da espécie acima mencionada. A área de estudo corresponde a floresta de Miombo da Aldeia Calombo, comuna do Cuima, Município da Caála, Província do Huambo. Os dados, obtidos das árvores foram processados, utilizando para o efeito o programa SPSS versão 15.0 para Windows. Os modelos de melhor ajuste para estimativa do volume do fuste com casca é o modelo aritmético de entrada simples logVrt = -1,058+1,023loggt+0,485*1/ log2gt, enquanto para os ramos foi o modelo Vrt = 0,297 * gt1,987.
Kriterien der alkohol- und substanzbezogenen Störungen im ICD-11
Authors: Preuss Ulrich W. , Hoch Eva , Wei Mooi Wong Jessica
Published: August 2021

Die ICD-10-Kriterien für alkohol- und substanzbezogene Abhängigkeit und schädlichen Gebrauch sind seit 1991 gültig. Ziele des Reviews sind, die Änderungen und Erweiterungen der Diagnosen zu substanzbezogenen Störungen im ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases Version 11) am Beispiel der Alkoholkonsumstörungen zu erläutern sowie Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zum DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5), das vor allem in den USA gebräuchlich ist, darzustellen. Darüber hinaus folgt eine kritische Betrachtung des Übertrages von ICD-10- auf -11-Diagnosen sowie Limitationen und Kritik an der Konzeption des ICD-11 und hinsichtlich der Verwendbarkeit in der Praxis.
Pharmakologische Rückfallprophylaxe der Alkoholabhängigkeit
Authors: Soyka Michael
Published: August 2021

Nur wenige Substanzen sind als sogenannte Anti-Craving-Me-dikamente zur pharmakogestützten Rückfallprophylaxe der Alkoholabhängigkeit zugelassen. Dazu gehören das in Deutschland nicht mehr vertriebene Disulfiram, die Opioidantagonisten Naltrexon und Nalmefen sowie Acamprosat. Gerade für Acamprosat und Naltrexon ist die Evidenzbasierung recht gut, bei mäßiger, aber klinisch signifikanter Effizienz. Sie werden trotzdem selten eingesetzt. Interessante Substanzen mit klinischer Perspektive sind am ehesten Baclofen, Vareniclin und Gabapentin. Die klinischen Befunde und Perspektiven der Pharmakotherapie bei Alkoholabhängigkeit werden dargestellt.
Multigram Synthesis of Difluoromethylene Phosphonic and Phosphinic Amides and Phosphine Oxides via Formal [2,3]-Sigmatropic Allyl Phosphite–Allylphosphonate Rearrangement
Authors: Shevchuk Michael , Röschenthaler Gerd-Volker
Published: August 2021

We describe a method for the preparation of CF2-P(V) building blocks and monomers for biological and materials chemistry applications in multigram quantities based on a formal [2,3]-sigmatropic phospha-Wittig rearrangement of readily available fluoroallyl bis(amido)phosphites, amido(aryl)phosphonites, and diarylphosphinites. The proposed intramolecular phosphorylation approach complements the currently prevailing phosphoryldifluoromethylation methods by providing a straightforward access to difluoromethylene phosphonate analogues bearing dialkylamino and/or aryl substituents at the phosphoryl group. An important advantage of the developed method is that it does not rely on ozone-depleting HCF2Cl and CF2Br2 necessary for the preparation of phosphoryldifluoromethylating reagents. 2,3,3-Trifluoroallyloxy P(III) derivatives substituted with two dialkylamino and/or aryl groups underwent a facile [2,3]-rearrangement to give difluoromethylene phosphonic and phosphinic amides and phosphine oxides on up to a 0.15 mol (30 g) scale. The reaction was extended to P(III) derivatives of 1-substituted 2,3,3-trifluoro- and 3,3-difluoroallylic alcohols readily available from carbonyl compounds and, respectively, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and O-protected 2,2,2-trifluoroethanols. Products derived from O-(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol were synthesized and deprotected in a one-pot multistep protocol to give phosphonic and phosphinic amide and phosphine oxide analogues of α,α-difluoro-β-ketophosphonates on a multigram scale.
Role for Graduate Medical Education in the Response to COVID-19 Pandemic in Southeast Michigan Community Health Care System
Authors: Sankari Abdulghani , Zakaria Ali , Taylor Glenn
Published: August 2021

On March 10, 2020, the State of Michigan reported its first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus disease 2019, which was admitted to Ascension Providence Hospital (APH). Michigan was the third most affected state in March 2020. To address the pandemic, Department of Graduate Medical Education joined the incident command team which consisted of APH leaders (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Designated Institutional Official, the Chief Medical Officer as commander, Chief Operating Officer, Chief of Logistics, Chief Nursing Officer, representatives from the medical and surgical sections, laboratory, finance, infection control, and occupational health). The team initiated the “crisis capacity surge plan” that was focused on patient care and led mainly by our trainee. In this correspondence we share our successful experience and provide our recommendation on how GME can navigate pandemic crisis.
Cytotoxic Lesion in the Splenium of Corpus Callosum Secondary to Subacute Methotrexate Neurotoxicity
Authors: Al-Awwad Ahmad A. , Koriesh Ahmed
Published: August 2021

Methotrexate neurotoxicity can present with a wide spectrum of neurologic symptoms and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically demonstrates cerebral edema, demyelination, multifocal white matter necrosis, and atrophy relatively selective for the deep cerebral white matter. Here, we report a case of subacute methotrexate neurotoxicity in a 40-year-old man with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Brain MRI showed cytotoxic lesion in the splenium of corpus callosum and left middle cerebellar peduncle. Patient significantly improved 24 hours after receiving oral dextromethorphan. Methotrexate neurotoxicity should be suspected in any symptomatic patient receiving high dose of methotrexate or intrathecal methotrexate therapy. Dextromethorphan should be considered in these patients as it can modulate the excitatory responses to homocysteine and its metabolite which are usually elevated in such patients.
Perioperative Complications in Patients over 70 Years of Age following Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kozai Landon , Matsumoto Maya , Mathews Kristin , Andrews Samantha , Nakasone Cass
Published: August 2021

Single-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty (ssBTKA) can be used for patients presenting with bilateral arthritis and may result in fewer systemic and wound complications compared with two, independent procedures. However, the safety of ssBTKA in the elderly remains controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare early complications and transfusion rates following ssBTKA in patients ≤ 70 years old or > 70 years old. This retrospective chart review of 313 consecutive patients undergoing ssBTKA included 174 patients ≤ 70 years old and 139 patients > 70 years old. Perioperative variables and postoperative complications were compared with univariate analyses between age groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine risk factors for developing perioperative complications and transfusions. Compared with patients ≤ 70, patients > 70 had significantly lower body mass index (p < 0.001) and were more commonly female (p = 0.024). Although wound (p > 0.12) and systemic complications (p > 0.54) were similar, 23% of patients > 70 required transfusion compared with only 8% of patients ≤ 70 (p < 0.001). Patients with preoperative anemia (p < 0.001), age > 70 (p = 0.002), or diabetes mellitus (p = 0.007) were at 5.7, 3.3, and 2.9 times greater risk for requiring a transfusion, respectively. Patients > 70 undergoing ssBTKA have a similar complication profile to patients ≤ 70 years old, suggesting age should not be an absolute exclusion criterion for ssBTKA. However, the risk of transfusion was significantly higher in those > 70, despite lower tourniquet times. Treatment of preoperative anemia may decrease the risk of transfusion and could provide adequate safety for patients > 70 to undergo ssBTKA by an experienced surgeon.
Numerical investigation on how heat flux avalanche jams trigger the staircase pattern formation
Authors: Kosuga Y. , Koga D. , Sasaki M.
Published: August 2021

Computational results are presented to describe the development of the staircase pattern as a result of the jam of heat flux avalanches. The nonlinear stage of the heat flux avalanche jam formation is analyzed based on the numerical simulations. Both hyperdiffusivity and shearing feedback provide a relevant saturation effect on the jam growth. The role of forcing is also discussed. Drawing analogy from the multiple jam formation in traffic dynamics, the formation of multiple corrugated layers of the temperature is demonstrated. It is shown that the staircase structure may be controlled by changing the strength of heating power.
Impact of the nucleation of conducting clusters on the retention of memristors: A self-consistent phase-field computational study
Authors: Koushan Foroozan S. , Kobayashi Nobuhiko P.
Published: August 2021

In recent years, resistive RAM often referred to as a memristor is actively pursued as a replacement for non-volatile-flash memory due to its superior characteristics such as high density, scalability, low power operation, high endurance, and fast operating speed. However, one of the challenges that need to be overcome is the loss of retention for both ON- and OFF-states—the retention loss. While various models are proposed to explain the retention loss in memristors consisting of a switching layer, in this paper, we propose that the nucleation of conducting clusters in the switching layer acts as a potential root cause for the retention loss. The nucleation results from a localized electric-field produced intermittently during cyclic switching operations. We use the phase-field method to illustrate how the nucleation of conducting clusters gives rise to the retention loss. Our results suggest that the degree at which the retention loss arises is linked to the number of cyclic switching operations since the probability at which nucleation centers form increases with the number of cycle switching operations, which is consistent with a range of experimental findings previously reported.