bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voiceprint Feature Extraction of Large Power Transformers in Uninterrupted Diagnosis and Early Warning Technology
Authors: Wang Hua , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Xilun , Zhao haiduo , Wang Jingjing
Published: October 2022

Condition-based maintenance is to select the most suitable maintenance method according to the real-time operating state of the converter. Transformer condition evaluation and fault diagnosis is an important basis for condition maintenance, and it is also the key to ensure the normal implementation of condition maintenance. The main purpose of this paper is to study the application of voiceprint feature extraction in large-scale power transformers in uninterruptible power failure diagnosis and early warning technology. In this paper, a comprehensive and in-depth study of the state quantity of transformer uninterrupted detection is carried out. Experiments show that when CR<0.10, the matrix is satisfactory and consistent, and the weight distribution is reasonable.
Transformer Behavior Feature Identification and Analysis Technology Based on Acoustic Interference
Authors: Su Tao , Sun Haiyu , Guo Zhijia
Published: October 2022

At present, most of the researches are based on linear systems, whose convergence speed and steady-state error are irreconcilable, and in actual operation, nonlinear factors greatly reduce the control performance of linear systems. If the nonlinear problem in the system can be solved, the active noise reduction system can choose low-cost electroacoustic devices with nonlinear distortion, which can not only improve the noise reduction performance, but also has special significance for reducing the cost of the system. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to study the feature identification and analysis of transformers based on sound wave interference. This paper explores the propagation, absorption and radiation process of the vibration generated by the transformer core and winding in the surrounding space, and finally obtains the vibration and noise signals of the transformer body, as well as the air sound field distribution at a specific spatial Experiments show that, compared with before the noise reduction experiment, the mean value of the noise in each main frequency band is reduced by about 7dB after the noise reduction experiment.
Design of gas drainage pipe network regulation and control system based on PLC
Authors: Wang ZuXun
Published: October 2022

In order to improve the regulation efficiency of the coal mine gas drainage pipe network, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and ensure the safe production of coal mines, a gas drainage pipe network regulation and control system is designed. The system adopts Siemens S7-1200 series PLC as the core control unit of the gas drainage pipe network. Through the explosion-proof treatment of the PLC control box, it meets the special requirements of PLC used in the coal mine environment. Through the design and selection of flow sensors and methane sensors it improves the flow and methane sampling accuracy of the gas drainage regulation system. By writing local control strategies and remote control strategies in PLC, the automatic regulation of the gas drainage pipeline network is realized.
Delay Correction for Pre-Breakdown Phase of Subsonic Stream Discharge in Water
Authors: Gao Chong , Kang Zhongjian , Zhang Xianghai
Published: October 2022

Shock waves generated by streamer discharge in water have huge application value to improve unconventional reservoirs. In this paper, experiment platform for high-voltage pulse discharge in water, which beneficial to research the pre-breakdown phase of subsonic streamer discharge in water of high-frequency discharge application scenarios is established. The mechanism of stream discharge and the importance of polarization process were analysed by high voltage theory. The initial time of flow column development was determined based on the time-varying characteristics, and the time of pre-breakdown phase was corrected by using the lightning shock intercept analysis theory. The results show that the polarization process should be incorporated into the pre-breakdown phase. Meanwhile, the initial development time of the flow column is the 3μs of the experimental data. After modification, the polarization process is shortened by 0.9372μs and the delay correction ratio is 24.57% after modification.
Study on the influence of casing heat transfer enhancement
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Jingyue , Lei Jindong , Wang Fei , Cheng Kaifeng , Wang Xingfu , Liu Hongjiao
Published: October 2022

Heat transfer is one of the most common unit operations in industrial production. In this paper, the variation law of heat transfer coefficient of smooth tube heat exchanger and tube heat exchanger with spiral coil at different flow rate is discussed by experiment and numerical simulation, and the corresponding correlation formula of convective heat transfer criterion is fitted. This has certain reference significance to improve the heat transfer efficiency of heat exchanger to reduce the energy consumption of the country and improve the design of heat exchanger structure.
Active Power Filter LCL Filter Novel Interface Control Scheme Analysis
Authors: Wu Ke , Jiang Yunhao , Li Ruoxuan
Published: October 2022

Shunt active power filter (SAPF) has been widely used in active distribution network system. Improving the compensation performance of SAPF has become the focus of many scholars. The traditional filter interface usually adopts series resistance. In order to reduce the loss of damping resistance and ensure the compensation performance of SAPF, a new type of passive interface is adopted, and the double-loop control scheme of PI control combined with repeated control is adopted. By comparing the difference of the selected points of different feedback currents, when the feedback current is taken from the inverter, only a small damping resistance is needed to achieve good steady-state accuracy. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme and the system feedback current selection method.
Design and Simulation of hydraulic system of The deep-sea miner
Authors: Song Wentao , Zhang Yan , Zhu Xiaojun , Zhao Ge , Xing Keli
Published: October 2022

The hydraulic system of the deep-sea miner is designed, the control model of the hydraulic system is established, the control effect of the conventional PID controller and the fuzzy PID controller on the suspension system is compared and analyzed, and the stability of the hydraulic system is simulated and analyzed.
Close-range Hot Spot Detection based on K-neighbor Algorithm and Experiment on Hot Spot Effect
Authors: Na ZhiXiong , Wang Dong , Wang ZiYue , Wang Jian , Tang Yu , Zhang ZiHan
Published: October 2022

Abnormalities caused by the hot spot effect are very common in the application of photovoltaic modules, which seriously affect the life and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, the study of hot spot effect is of great significance to the development of photovoltaic industry in the future. By analyzing the hot spot effect and its causes, this paper lists possible factors that may affect the hot spot effect, uses the K-proximity algorithm for hot spot detection to classify the near-field infrared images obtained in photovoltaic power plants, and designs experiments to explore the influence of several factors on the hot spot effect, the influence characteristics of the shading area and the types of shading objects are deeply explored, and finally a certain summary is made.
Error Analysis of Electric Energy Metering System Considering Harmonics
Authors: Ma Chenghu , Han Hui , Yan Xing
Published: October 2022

The watt hour metering system includes watt hour meter, voltage and current transformer, errors of them will affect the overall error of metering system. Considering harmonic, this paper studies the measurement accuracy of metering system, the harmonic equivalent circuits of energy meter, voltage and current transformer are established, their harmonic measurement errors and influencing factors are analyzed, the model of whole metering system is bulit and its measurement errors are anylyzed. Through the simulation of a specific watt hour metering system, the influence of harmonics on it is studied.
Simulation Research of Fracture Capacitance of SF6 Circuit Breaker in separating brake
Authors: Wang Jialin , Pang Jianyou , Zhou Xiong , Wang Lu , Peng Yanjun , Pan Ningbo , Chen Jianxi
Published: October 2022

SF6 circuit breaker is equivalent to a capacitor between the fracture surfaces after the break port separation during the switching process. At this time, the fracture capacitance-stroke curve may be closely related to the ablation state of the contact, which is a potential life evaluation scheme. Therefore, this paper builds a typical 126kV SF6 circuit breaker arc chamber model, and calculates the capacitance curve of the separating brake. The results show that the capacitance value of the fracture is about 21 pF when the switch is off, and the capacitance value after the switch is stable is about 7 PF. The capacitance curve shows a trend of rapid decline and tends to be stable. The results can provide a basis for the subsequent use of dynamic capacitance curve to evaluate the electrical life of circuit breakers.
Simulation analysis of the force of wedge-shaped aluminum alloy wire clamp
Authors: Feng Chao , Liu Weike , Cao Xianhui , Hu Yujing , Wang Jun , Xie Yi
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the force simulation analysis of the wedge-shaped aluminum alloy wire clamp is carried out by using SOLIDWORKS Simulation software. Through the finite element modeling of the corresponding type of wedge-shaped clip, and combined with the conditions of the maximum tensile force in service state, the strength check and stiffness check, as well as the maximum stress and maximum displacement calculations are carried out. The simulation analysis result shows that the strength and stiffness of the overall structure of the wedge-shaped aluminum alloy wire clip meet the performance requirements.
Multi-Sensor Fusion-based Settlement Monitoring Method for Power Transmission Towers
Authors: Zhang Xiaolei , Liu Weixin , Pan Xia , Zhang Xiaoxing , Ailixiati Aierken , Feng Ke
Published: October 2022

Transmission lines are the main arteries of power systems, which inevitably pass-through geological areas such as coal mining areas, desert areas, soft soil areas, etc. Transmission towers are at risk of tilting and settling. Traditional tower monitoring methods such as GPS/Beidou method and static level have high price, inconvenient installation and risk of external breakage. In this paper, we propose a multi-sensor fusion method for tower settlement monitoring, using ultrasonic distance sensor and tilt sensor fusion to achieve the monitoring of tower settlement, and design a monitoring system and carry out a simulation of settlement experiments, the experimental results show that the average measurement error of the system is 5%, the system has the advantages of good economy, easy installation and good measurement accuracy.
DEM Simulation in Wear Performance of Four Typical Bionic Structures
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yang Meili , Zhao Liangliang , Pang Hao , Chen Guangming , Zhang Hua , Hu Zhenyu
Published: October 2022

In order to resist the abrasion of sand and gravel, shellfish such as arca subcrenala lischke and arca inflata reeve have evolved non-smooth surface morphology with high wear resistance. In this paper, four biomimetic structures of prismatic, conical, ball crown and stripd were designed to study the abrasive wear behavior of different biomimetic structures. Built on the Discrete Element Method (DEM), the DEM model and its abrasive wear calculation model are established. By analyzing the changes of the contact bond field of the abrasive wear system, the non-uniform evolution process and wear law of the abrasive wear process of the four bionic structures are obtained. The research in this paper provides a new research method and means for the numerical simulation of wear behavior of biomimetic structures and the optimal design of biomimetic structures based on the surface morphology of biological non-smooth wear-resistant bodies.
K-Band Digital Power Amplifier Based on InP DHBT
Authors: Xu Xindong , Guo Runnan , Zhou Guangchao , Zhang Bin , Tao Hongqi
Published: October 2022

Based on 0.7-μm indium phosphide (InP) double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) process, this paper designs a digital power amplifier (DPA) monolithic microwave integrated circuit. Digital-to-analog converter (DAC), modulation and power amplifier are integrated into the DPA, reducing losses and improving linearity of traditional radio frequency (RF) links. The test results show that the DPA can achieve an output power of 23-23.5 dBm and power added efficiency (PAE) of 21.5-23% within 19.2-21.2 GHz. And the mean squared error of normalized output voltage is 0.0158 at 20 GHz. Then, asymmetrical synthesis technology is used to improve the efficiency of DPA in non-full amplitude state. Simulation results of DPA demonstrate saturated output power of 23.5 dBm and the maximum PAE of 21.9% in 19-21 GHz. At 20 GHz, the PAE between full and half amplitude state is greater than 20%.
Prediction on Thermal Cycling Stress of PBGA Package Based on Finite Element Simulation and Machine Learning
Authors: Zhou Kunyu , Wei Qinyi , Ma Zhuang
Published: October 2022

As the application environment of Plastic Ball Grid Array (PBGA) package becomes more diverse and severe, higher requirements are placed on the thermal cycling reliability of the PBGA package. The thermal cycling reliability of PBGA package has higher standards. The traditional experimental method has the problems of a long cycle and high costs. In this paper, the thermal cycling stress of the PBGA package is studied based on finite element simulation and machine learning methods. Take the typical PBGA package structure solder ball as the research object, and simulate the solder ball stress value under extreme thermal cycling conditions using the finite element software ABAQUS. The dataset is organized based on the finite element analysis results to establish a machine learning prediction model, which aims to predict the thermal cycling stress of PBGA package rapidly. The result shows that the prediction model established by the Random Forest Regression (RFR) algorithm has better prediction accuracy compared with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) algorithm and Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm, and the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) is 3.01%, which can provide a new way to predict thermal cycling stress of PBGA packages directly.
Simulation Analysis on Launch Dynamics of Portable Rocket Launcher Using DEM and FEM
Authors: Zhu Jun , Zhou Guodong , Fan Le , Yu Cungui
Published: October 2022

Spade is an important structure to improve stability of rocket weapons. In order to solve the problem of low precision in numerical simulation of the interaction between a portable rocket launcher and spade and soil,a method combining discrete element and finite element is proposed. A discrete method model of the spade-soil interaction was established to obtain the vertical resistance of soil to the spade. On this basis, a finite element model containing portable rocket launcher, spade and soil was established, and the dynamic response of portable rocket launcher under the launch load was numerically simulated. The results show that the combination of discrete elements and finite elements can accurately simulate the relationship between portable rocket launcher and spade and soil, and the effect of spade on the stability is significant. The combination of discrete element method and finite element method provides new ideas for dealing with the problem of contact between structural members and soil, and it will provide guidance for future model construction and analysis of this kind problem.
Adsorption of malachite green by calcined kaolin as adsorbent: optimization, thermodynamic and kinetics studies
Authors: Wang Yumeng , Li Wei , Ma Hongfei , Guo Wenmiao , Jiang Husheng
Published: October 2022

The calcined kaolin was used as adsorbent, and the adsorption effect on malachite green (MG) was studied by changing the oscillation time, pH value, calcined kaolin dosage and temperature, respectively. The results show that calcined kaolin has good adsorption effect on MG. Under the conditions of oscillation time of 180 min, calcined kaolin dosage of 16 g/L, initial MG concentration of 100 mg/L and neutral pH, the MG adsorption rate could reach 98.9%. The adsorption equilibrium data of MG on calcined kaolin conformed to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. According to the results of adsorption thermodynamics, MG adsorption on calcined kaolin is endothermic and a spontaneous process. MG adsorption on calcined kaolin could be described by quasi-first-order better.
Application of Electron-Cloud Equivalent Volume in Analyzing the Effect of Composition on Band Gap
Authors: Zhang Tao
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the variation in band gap E
g with composition has been investigated by means of the parameter V
e (V
e is the electron-cloud equivalent volume of the outmost electron in a molecular). The reasoning indicates that E
g is correlated with V
e. The measured data of some alkaline earth metal halides support the reasoning. On this basis, with the help of the relationship between composition and V
e, the correlation among composition, V
e and E
g is determined. Since the Nephelauxetic effect affects V
e, it also affects E
g, that is, from the perspective of parameter V
e, the Nephelauxetic effect is a factor affecting E
g. A simple method for analyzing the effect of composition on E
g by means of the Nephelauxetic effect and the chemical bond property is proposed. For the alkaline earth metal halides, Mg-doped ZnO crystal, elements of group 4A in the periodic table and some phenomena, the effect of composition on E
g is analyzed by using this method, and the analysis results are consistent with their realities, which verify the effectiveness of this method. This work helps to adjust E
g by changing the composition and develop new materials efficiently.
Efficient jamming attacks in Wi-Fi networks based on legacy short training field
Authors: Zhu Ruichi , Li Tao , Hu Aiqun
Published: October 2022

In some specific confidential occasions where Wi-Fi communication needs to be completely disabled, the interference device needs to meet the requirements of energy saving, portability, and long-distance interference. Motivated by this issue, we present and evaluate Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF) jamming attack, whereby a sender device determines the channel busy despite good channel conditions. In an L-STF attack, the attacker can generate L-STF signals and send signals continuously on the target channel. We implement the L-STF jamming attack on an SDR platform and evaluate the effectiveness through PSR metrics, we also test the energy efficiency on six Wi-Fi devices from different manufacturers. The result shows that sending L-STF signals within a fixed time interval under appropriate transmit power can disable Wi-Fi communication between devices. For all tested Wi-Fi devices, the attacker can disturb communication when jammer signals are about 40 times weaker than the legitimate signals. Together, L-STF jamming can block Wi-Fi communication effectively and energy-efficiently with simple software and hardware requirements.
Design and in-orbit application of a new generalized fully-configured digital satellite based on software-in-the-loop
Authors: Jingjing Liang , Shuai Xiao , Jiawei Lin , Shijun Zhang , Chi Zhang
Published: October 2022

The digital satellite mainly simulates the satellite’s central management unit (CMU), control subsystem, chemical propulsion subsystem, electric propulsion subsystem, orbit and attitude dynamics, avionic subsystem, measurement and control interface, the communication between CMU and avionic subsystem is realized by simulating 1553B bus interface. In this paper, based on the fully-configured satellite of Dongfanghong-4 enhanced platform, a new generalized digital satellite based on software-in-the-loop is presented. The modularized design and integration of the common parts and the configurable design of the different parts are adopted to improve the versatility and maintainability, at the same time, the simulation of the CMU hardware structure is realized, and the on-board software can be embedded without modification. It has been successfully applied to high-orbit satellites for the first time, greatly improving the efficiency, reliability and in-orbit application.
Power monitoring system log analysis method based on K-Means clustering
Authors: Pang Xiaojian , Wang Binquan , Zeng Chuyang , Tao Wenwei , Su Yang , Hu Zhaohui
Published: October 2022

The amount of log data of the power monitoring system is very large, and log analysis is difficult, which causes the power monitoring system to take more time to analyze the log, and there are problems such as low recall rate. Based on this, the design of the power monitoring system log analysis based on K-Means clustering method. For log mining and preprocessing, the K-Means clustering algorithm is used to measure the similarity and dissimilarity of the logs, clustering and locating the dominant number of similar logs in all log data, and compiling standardized documents for them, and compiling the After the data is stored, the log template is established to analyze the power monitoring system log, so as to realize the power monitoring system log analysis based on K-Means clustering. The experimental results show that the log analysis method studied effectively improves the analysis efficiency and recall rate, and can accurately analyze the log, find abnormal logs, reduce the number of false alarms, and prove the effectiveness of the log analysis method.
Research on valley current prediction control algorithm based on Buck converter
Authors: Wang Mingxin , Zhang Yiming , Zhang Dong , Cui Longfei
Published: October 2022

Helicopter transient electromagnetic (HTEM) launch systems require increasingly high current response rates, a valley current control algorithm based on Buck topology circuit is proposed in this paper. By sampling inductor current valley value, output voltage and the input voltage in the current cycle, the valley value of inductor current in the next cycle is predicted, and thus the duty cycle is derived so that the inductor current can track the reference value in one switching response cycle, which improves the response speed of inductor current and analyzes the stability and speed of the closed-loop system through the Byrd diagram. The valley current algorithm is not only simple, but also easy to implement on digital signal processors (DSPs). Finally, the valley current algorithm is verified by software simulation and experiments.
Optimal Scheduling Research for Day Ahead Market Transaction of Virtual Power Plant Considering Uncertainty and CVaR
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Xuemei , Zhang Xiao , Li Fang , Xu Zhenan , Yan Yurong , Meng Hongmin , Liu Zesan
Published: October 2022

Considering the uncertainty of renewable energy generation and the market transaction risk in the day ahead market of virtual power plants, an optimal scheduling model of virtual power plant in the day ahead market was presented. Firstly, this study modeled and analyzed the uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power generation fluctuations in the virtual power plant. In addition, based on the conditional value at risk theory and the day ahead market clearing rules, the optimal scheduling model of virtual power plants in the day ahead market was established aiming at minimizing the implementation deviation and maximizing the operating income. Finally, the transaction data of a typical region was selected for case study to verify the effectiveness and the feasibility of the optimal scheduling strategy of virtual power plant in day ahead market transaction.
A new multi-stage coordinated power system planning method considering renewable energy access
Authors: Chai Xiaoliang , Lv Hang , Zhao Haidong , Wang Hui , Yang Chao
Published: October 2022

When renewable energy is connected to the new power system, it will affect the normal operation of some energy storage equipment, resulting in too small internal generation capacity of the new power system and insufficient capacity of the new power system. Therefore, based on the consideration of renewable energy access, a new multi-stage coordinated planning method for power system is studied. This paper analyzes the demand for peak shaving capacity of the new power system and determines the access point of renewable energy. a new multi-stage coordinated planning model of power system is built, and the method of multi-stage coordinated planning of power system is studied by solving the model. Set up the experimental environment, give the parameters of the experimental equipment, and design the comparative experiment. The results show that the coordinated planning method studied in this paper can help to reduce the operation cost of the new power system and ensure the economic benefits of the new power system.
Heavy Metal Contents Of Hg, Cd, Pb, And Cu In Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus Pelagicus) In Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Nedya Hanifah , Batu Djamar TF Lumban , Sulistiono
Published: October 2022

Bojonegara coast, Banten Bay is an industrial zone in the West Serang region, which is characterized by the presence of some factories around the coast. These have potential to produce and pour the pollutants such as heavy metals into the water and accumulate into the body of aquatic organisms like blue swimming crab. This study aims to analyze the level of heavy metal accumulation in the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) of Banten Bay waters. Sampling was carried out from August to October 2020. Analysis of heavy metal content was carried out using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). During the observation, the heavy metal content of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu were significantly different between large and small blue swimming crab (p<0,05). The accumulation of heavy metal Cu in small blue swimming crab ranged from 3,22-4,34 mg kg−1 and large blue swimming crab ranged from 6,64-9,52 mg kg−1 while the heavy metal content of Hg, Cd, and Pb in small crabs was below detection AAS. Bioaccumulation of Cu in blue swimming included moderate to high, while heavy metal Hg, Cd, and Pb it was low accumulation. The safe limit for consumption blue swimming crab is 22,0588 kg of meat/week for adults and 5,5147 kg of meat/week for children.
Analysis of Willingness to Pay And Willingness to Accept for The Existence of Broiler Chicken Farm
Authors: Wahyuni Etty , Ranti Septwinda Tasia , Sulistyo Anang , Hendris
Published: October 2022

The development of broiler chicken farm business is not only able to meet the community need for protein, but also causes disturbance to the surrounding environment, especially when it is closely located to residential areas. Business waste can be in the form of physical waste such as wastewater and the presence of flies, as well as social waste in the form of unpleasant odors. This study was aimed to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) of chicken owners for the impact of the waste produced, willingness of the community around the farm to accept compensation (WTA) for the impacts received, the percentage of environmental costs to the total cost structure and the factors that affect the value of willingness to accept compensation. The data analysis used is the Contingent Valuation Method with a bidding game question system and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that mean WTP value from farm owners for physical waste was Rp. 3.103.300,-/owner/production period and for social waste was Rp. 280,000,-/head of family/production period. Moreover, the mean WTA value of the community was Rp. 271,866,74,-/head of family/production period. Factors that affected the WTA value included education, income, knowledge, and number of family members.
COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in Pregnant Women
Authors: Ekadianto  , Liena  , Ramadhani Nasution Sri Lestari , Khu Adrian , Manalu Putranto
Published: October 2022

Because pregnant women must frequent health institutions to monitor their pregnancy, they are more prone to catching COVID 19. As a result, adherence to pregnant women’s behavior in preventing COVID 19 is critical. The elements that influence pregnant women’s behavior in terms of COVID 19 prevention are examined in this study. This research is a cross-sectional descriptive analytic non-experimental study. The incidental sampling approach was used to collect samples (n=102). The Chi square test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the data. The findings revealed that COVID 19 preventative behavior was influenced by knowledge, attitudes, fear of COVID 19, and belief in COVID 19 information. Following the completion of the logistic regression test, COVID 19 knowledge was found to be the most influential variable in COVID 19 preventative behavior (p = 0.000). When compared to those with good information, those with less understanding have a 16,101 times higher risk of misbehaving in preventing COVID 19 (Exp(B) 16,101).
The Effect of Beijerinckia fluminensis G3 and Rhizobium pusense G4c on Germination of rice Var. Ciherang and red rice Var. Barak Cenana
Authors: Sukweenadhi Johan , Sutanto Kevin , Artadana Ida Bagus Made , Savitri Wina Dian , Khang Se Chan
Published: October 2022

The productivity of rice fields in Indonesia is decreasing and production per unit area is also decreasing due to the shifting of functions from agricultural land to non-agricultural land. Excessive land continuous use of chemical fertilizers can damage the soil so the solution offered is the use of biological fertilizers, namely by utilizing the use of microorganisms from nature. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of bacteria G3 and G4c that have been obtained by previous researchers against root weight, root length, root width, root volume, root surface area in rice Var. Ciherang and red rice Var. Barak Cenana. Making NFb media as a selection medium then propagated on TSA media and a confirmation test is carried out. The results showed treatment with G3 (Beijerinckia fluminensis) on rice Var. Ciherang had the highest average root weight, average root length, root width, root volume and root surface area compared to the control and G4c (Rhizobium pusense) treatment. Control treatment without giving G3 (Beijerinckia fluminensis) and G4c (Rhizobium pusense) on red rice Var. Barak Cenana had the highest average root weight, average root length, root width, root volume and root surface area compared to G3 (Beijerinckia fluminensis) and G4c (Rhizobium pusense).
Policies To Reduce The Risk Of Extreme Weather In Central Java Province
Authors: Mussadun  , Muktiali Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Most districts/cities in Central Java Province fall into the category of high-level disaster areas especially extreme weather hazards. Increasing regional/city resilience and reducing disaster risk have become policies both at the central government level and at the regional (district/city) level. Disaster risk according to ex-ante and restrictive interpretations, is the result of the interaction between the hazards of a natural event and the elements exposed to hazards and their vulnerabilities. Potential areas of extreme weather hazards (hazard level = H) in the Central Java Province, which covers 35 cities/districts; some areas have high hazard level. The potential population exposed to extreme weather (vulnerability level = V); most areas have high level. The potential for extreme weather losses (exposure level = E) all regions have high level. Given that vulnerability (V) in the Central Java Province is dominated by many poor people, the strategy that needs to be done to reduce vulnerability is through poverty alleviation programs. To reduce the level of exposure (E) in the form of large physical and economic losses, it is necessary to provide the urban infrastructure that ensures the sustainability of the social-economic activity system can take place properly. In addition, to overcome environmental damage, it is necessary to carry out an environmental conservation program in the Central Java Province comprehensively and sustainably.
Legal Management of Natural Resources in Coastal Region of Indonesia
Authors: Shahnaz Liza , Syaprillah Aditia
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study is to discover and discuss the legal management of natural resources in the Indonesian coastal region using preventive monitoring and licensing tools. The employed method is a normative method with a conceptual and legislative approach. Preventive instruments in controlling pollution and environmental damage in coastal areas need to be implemented using supervision instruments and business permits. The relevant agencies under their respective authorities supervise the coastal regions and small islands in a coordinated manner. Local communities and traditional communities can also carry out control. Everyone who uses coasts and tiny islands, partly and permanently, must have a business permit. Communities governed by customary law are excluded from obtaining business permits for the use of space in coastal and marine zones. Therefore, beginning with the process of planning, usage, supervision, and control in coastal regions and tiny islands, society must be actively involved.
Non-Destructive Prediction of Piperine in Javanese Chilli (Piper Retrofractum Vahl) Based on Color and Texture Analysis Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Rohmatulloh B , Lee M N , Alatiffa R M , Megatama R P , Napitupulu R A C , Hendrawan Y , Lutfi M
Published: October 2022

Measurement of active substances in herbal plants is currently becoming the major focus of the health industry in Indonesia. Previously, measurement of the active substance had been carried out destructively by extraction methods such as maceration and reflux, which was done by damaged the substrate and required a complicated step. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which combined with color and textural analysis methods provides a fast, easy process, does not damage the sample, and minimize errors due to human factors. This study aims to determine and build a relation model between image parameters and the piperine content of Javanese chilli using an optimized ANN with feature selection. The best topology in this study was obtained with an 8-30-40-1 structure (8 inputs, 30 hidden layers 1 node, 40 hidden layers 2 nodes, and 1 output) with a learning rate of 0.1 and a momentum of 0.9; traincgf as a learning function and an activation function of tansig-tansig-purelin. The ANN structure produces a training correlation coefficient (R) of 0.0975, an R validation of 0.9457, a training Mean Square Error (MSE) value of 0.01, and a validation MSE value of 0.0215.
Role and Strategy of Csr (Corporate Social Responsibility) Pt. Medco E and P on Women Farmer Groups in Kampung Salak of Tarakan City
Authors: Suryana Nia Kurniasih , Mulyani Sekar Inten , Oktaviana Olivia
Published: October 2022

The role of CSR in social empowerment will sustain self-supporting of the community and increase social welfare. Objectives of the study were to find out the roles of CSR on the Women Farmer Groups (KWT) empowerment in Kampung Salak, to know the Women Farmer Groups (KWT) empowerment in Kampung Salak, and formulate the strategy of Women Farmer Groups (KWT) empowerment through CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). The method to determine the informant used purposive sampling that included 10 persons. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis by collecting data through data reduction, data presentation, drawing the conclusions, verification, and final conclusions. Results of the study indicated the roles of CSR in social empowerment as follow: (a) motivator got average score 2.75, good criteria, (b) educator got average score 3, good criteria, (c) facilitator got average score 2.8, good criteria. The empowering level of the Women Farmer Groups (KWT) in (a) participation got average score 2.8, good criteria, (b) fulfilling the needs got average score 2.6, good criteria, and (c) skills got average score 2.75, good criteria. The selected strategies in empowering the Women Farmer Groups (KWT) in Kampung Salak through CSR include: (a) expand the planting area and increase productivity of the harvest yield, (b) develop the processing of farming products, (c) extend the marketing network and partnership, as well as (d) develop and apply the given innovation through CSR program.
Analysis of heavy metals content Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu of green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bojonegara Coastal Waters of Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Susilowati D I , Affandi R , Sulistiono
Published: October 2022

Banten Bay coastal waters continuously receive waste input from anthropogenic activities including heavy metal concentrations, which it has increased and caused accumulation in aquatic biota such as green mussels (Perna viridis) that live in the waters. This study aims to determine the accumulation level of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in the green mussels in Banten bay of Bojonegara. Sampling of the green mussel and water quality observation were conducted in the bay for three months from August to October 2020. Analysis of the heavy metals content was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. Water quality parameters observed in-situ and ex-situ were temperature, transparency, turbidity, TSS, pH, salinity, and DO. Bojonegara coastal water quality was in accordance to the standard quality value. Heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in the waters were below the quality standards. Heavy metal bioaccumulation Cu in the green mussels in medium to high category, while heavy metals bioaccumulation Hg, Cd, and Pb were in low category. The safety limit for consumption of the green mussels for children (15 kg) was 5.91 kg of meat/week, while for adults (50 kg) was 19.69 kg of meat/week.
Characteristics of pigment complex of sphagnum mosses of south-belomorian bogs on example of Ilas bog massif
Authors: Shtang A K , Tatarintseva V G , Churakova E Yu , Selyanina S B , Ponomareva T I
Published: October 2022

Sphagnum mosses play a significant role in the plant communities of the south-belomorian bogs. The adaptation of these plants to environmental conditions can be traced through changes in the pigment complex. In this work, the content of chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids was determined in some ridge species (Sphagnum fuscum, S. rubellum) and hollow species (S. lindbergii and S. majus) in June and September. An increase in total pigments in species growing on ridges is observed in autumn and that can be explained by the formation of comfortable conditions for photosynthesis. The growth of algal biomass can cause a decrease in the pigment content in the species of hollows.
Diversity of herb-Sphagnum rich-fen communities in north European Russia
Authors: Kuznetsov O L
Published: October 2022

Seven associations of herb-Sphagnum rich-fen communities were identified in the north of European Russia. The identification was done by the topological-ecological method based on dominant species and eco-coenotic groups of species. The associations differ in scope from Northern and Central European syntaxa. East Fennoscandian syntaxa should be construed as Fennoscandian races of associations with wider distribution ranges. A classification of North Eurasian herb-Sphagnum rich-fen communities needs to be developed using a common methodology.
The Holocene palaeoecology of the palsa mire near Igarka (Yenisei Siberia)
Authors: Novenko E Yu , Mazei N G , Prokushkin A S , Kupryanov D A , Shatunov A E , Andreev R A , Serikov S I
Published: October 2022

The paper presents a new paleoecological evidence covering the last 6500 years based on detailed AMS radiocarbon dating, plant macrofossils, loss on ignition and macroscopic charcoal records from a 8 m long peat sequence, obtained from the palsa mire situated near Igarka (Yenisei Siberia). The obtained data show that the peatland initiation, development of the perennial frost mound and local vegetation history were strongly influenced by the Holocene climatic fluctuations and permafrost dynamics. The main stages of palsa uplift occurred at about 5360 cal yr BP and 2250 cal yr BP and coincided with the periods of cooling in the Russian Arctic region. According to the radiocarbon dating and plant macrofossil analysis of the upper part of peat sequences the peat accumulation rate in the palsa decreased significantly during the last 2000 years. Nevertheless, we consider that the rate of the peat vertical growth could be underestimated due to the disturbance of the frost mound, water erosion and wildfires.
Short-term design of geosynthetic-reinforced embankments on soft foundation soils
Authors: Romeo D , Pezzano P , Rimoldi P
Published: October 2022

The stability of an embankment on soft foundation soil is most critical during the construction period, because of the relatively low permeability of the soft foundation. Since the stability increases as the foundation consolidates, related design is controlled by short-term constraints. Geosynthetics for basal reinforcement enhance the stability of an embankment over soft soil by preventing lateral sliding of the fill, extrusion of the foundation and rotational failure. The stabilizing force developed by the reinforcement is generated by shear stresses mobilized along both the interface surfaces of the reinforcement, with the foundation soil and the embankment fill respectively. In fact, the reinforcement has the double function of carrying the outward shear stresses transmitted by the embankment fill and of providing inward shear stresses to restrain the foundation soil from lateral squeezing-out. For each of the limit states mentioned above, the associated reinforcement strength and bond length should be checked to ensure that the limit state tensile load can be generated in the reinforcement. Starting from considerations proposed by the British Standard 8006:2010, this paper focuses on lateral sliding and foundation extrusion limit states by presenting a design method to evaluate the reinforcement strength and bond length required to provide the maximum improvement for an embankment on soft soil.
Reduction of carbon footprint of roads construction thanks to the Pavement Optimisation with hexagonal geogrids
Authors: Mazurowski P
Published: October 2022

There is a growing demand on reduction of greenhouse gases emission from all branches of industry. Roads construction is responsible for a substantial part of building industry carbon footprint. One of the ways to reduce its carbon footprint is the use of Pavement Optimisation (PO) with hexagonal geogrids technology. This technology utilizes the phenomenon of aggregate stabilisation by interlock within apertures of geogrid. When aggregate is placed and compacted on a layer of geogrid, a geogrid/aggregate composite – called Mechanically Stabilised Layer (MSL) - is created. Stiff geogrid ribs resist particle movement reducing layer deformation, which increases its stiffness. Increased stiffness of aggregate can be utilized in design, and has a substantial influence on pavement life. This provides the possibility to reduce the thickness of a pavement, including thickness of asphalt. Thinner pavement will require less materials, workforce, time and energy. It will be cheaper, and its construction will result in lesser emission of CO2. This paper presents the overview of Pavement Optimisation technology and results of full scale accelerated pavement tests confirming the influence of hexagonal geogrids. Case studies of projects with optimised pavements and calculations of carbon footprint savings achieved thanks to the use of PO are presented.
Stress-dilatancy relationship of sand-rubber mixtures
Authors: Szypcio Z , Dolzyk-Szypcio K , Nurgaliyev A
Published: October 2022

The results of drained triaxial compression tests and DEM simulations of sand-rubber mixtures presented in the literature were analysed using of frictional state concept. The stress-plastic dilatancy relationship at different shear stages can be approximated by straight lines determined by critical state angle and two parameters of the frictional state concept. The points representing failure state lie on the frictional state line as for pure sand without rubber. The frictional state concept can be used to simply describe the stress-dilatancy relationship of various sand-rubber mixtures.
Investigation of force transmission during indirect activation of a geogrid in transparent soil
Authors: Derksen J , Ziegler M
Published: October 2022

The composite material geogrid reinforced soil has a wide range of applications. In most cases the geogrid reinforcement is indirectly activated by an applied load via the surrounding soil, for example in base layers of embankments, foundation pads and fill structures. Within these geogrid reinforced structures, different areas can occur in which the direction of force transmission might differ from soil to geogrid and vice versa. In particular, the force transmission in the soil-geogrid-interface involves a fundamental need for research. Therefore, this paper firstly introduces a conceptional model for indirect geogrid activation, secondly presents a test rig in which the interaction mechanisms can be investigated on micro scale and thirdly determines various areas with different directions of force transmission. For this purpose, transparent geogrid reinforced specimens are biaxially loaded, whereby an area-wide and undisturbed insight into the soil-geogrid-interface is enabled. The transparent soil is created as a two-phase medium consisting of a crushed fused quartz and a white oil with a corresponding refractive index. The displacement fields of the geogrid and the surrounding transparent soil were determined using a digital image correlation (DIC) method based on images taken continuously during the test. Then, strain profiles were derived for the longitudinal tensile members, which were converted into a force distribution along the geogrid. As a result, the conceptional model can be verified.
Semipermeable membrane behavior of geosynthetic clay liners
Authors: Shackelford C D , Scalia J
Published: October 2022

The focus of this paper is on providing an overview of the results of the nearly 20 years of research related to the discovery, examination, and potential benefits of semipermeable membrane behavior of bentonite-based geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) commonly used as barriers or components of barriers in a variety of hydraulic and chemical containment applications, such as water and chemical retention ponds, tailings and coal ash impoundments, and solid waste landfills. First, the concept of solute restriction underlying semipermeable membrane behavior and the development of a solute-restriction or membrane efficiency coefficient (ω) and chemico-osmosis (q
π) are described. Second, previously measured values of ω are presented for clays and GCLs for the purpose of illustrating the physical and chemical factors affecting ω. Third, the potential benefits of both ω and q
π in terms of hydraulic and chemical containment applications are illustrated, and the relative importance of ω versus q
π is described. Finally, some of the remaining issues related to the semipermeable membrane behavior of GCLs, such as the uniqueness of the measured ω and the persistence of ω at high salt concentrations, are discussed.