bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Experimental Validation for Quantifying the Moisture Carryover in a Moisture Separator Using an Air/Water Test Facility
Authors: Kim Kihwan , Kim Wooshik , Lee Jaebong , Jeon Woo-Jin
Published: July 2021

The moisture carryover (MCO) of the primary separator in a steam generator is the most important design parameter to ensure high efficiency in a steam generator. There is an inherent limitation to experimentally evaluate the MCO under the prototype conditions. In this study, the air/water test facility was constructed based on the similarity law, and a new isokinetic system was developed to quantify the MCO. Several experiments were performed for the mass quality ranging from 0.315 to 0.382. The accuracy and versatility of the experimental method was verified experimentally using a full and half scale of separators. The test results were compared with the prototype results. It was proved to be a reliable experimental method for evaluating the MCO of the moisture separator.
Existence Theorem for Noninstantaneous Impulsive Evolution Equations
Authors: Hina Aslam Gul I , Ali Amjad , Rafiq Maimona
Published: July 2021

In this note, the variational form of the classical Lax–Milgram theorem is used for the divulgence of variational structure of the first-order noninstantaneous impulsive linear evolution equation. The existence and uniqueness of the weak solution of the problem is obtained. In future, this constructive theory can be used for the corresponding semilinear problems.
Clinical Randomized Controlled Study of Acupuncture Treatment on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Lei , Peng Jin-Lin , Qiao Fu-Qiang , Cheng Wen-Ming , Lin Guang-Wen , Zhang Yao , Gao Tian-Ge , Sun Ying-Ying , Tang Wei-Zhong , Wang Pu
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to summarize the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through literature analysis and evaluation. All studies were retrieved from various databases as follows: English databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, and Web of Science, and Chinese databases, such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data (WF), and Technology Periodical Database (VIP). The Cochrane Collaboration’s Bias Risk Assessment Scale was used to assess the studies’ risk of bias. The effects of acupuncture treatment for ASD were determined using the following indicators: childhood autism rating scale (CARS), autism behavior check list (ABC), Reynell developmental language scale (RDLS), and functional independence measure of children (WeeFIM). The risk map of bias of these studies’ quality and the meta-analysis results of the indicators was prepared with RevMan 5.2 software. Finally, 16 studies were included, five of which were in English and 11 were in Chinese. The 16 studies included 1332 patients. The CARS results for subgroup analysis were as follows: acupuncture subgroup (MD = −2.65, 95% CI (−3.22, −2.07)) and acupuncture plus massage subgroup (MD = −10.35, 95% CI (−11.34, −9.36)). The ABC results were as follows: (MD = −6.70, 95% CI (−9.10, −4.29)). The analysis results of sensory, relating, language, body and object use, and social/self-help in the subitems of ABC were as follows: sensory (MD = −2.67, 95% CI (−2.90, −2.44)), relating (MD = −3.28, 95% CI (−3.55, −3.02)), language (MD = −2.45, 95% CI (−2.73, −2.16)), body and object use (MD = −1.19, 95% CI (−1.38, −1.00)), and social/self-help (MD = −2.09, 95% CI (−2.30, −1.89)). For the analysis results of comprehension and expression ages in the subitems of RDLS, the comprehension age results were as follows: (MD = 0.08, 95% CI (−0.06, 0.22), P = 0.27). Those of expression age were as follows: (MD = 0.15, 95% CI (0.04, 0.26),

P
=
0.009

). The WeeFIM results were as follows: (MD = 3.70, 95% CI (2.38, 5.02)). This study suggested that acupuncture could effectively treat ASD. However, acupuncture methods and prescriptions at this stage remain heterogeneous, and acupuncture treatment operations require standardization. Studies using rigorous and standard research designs are needed to draw stronger conclusions about the advantages of using acupuncture to treat children and adolescents with ASD.
Online and Offline Mixed Intelligent Teaching Assistant Mode of English Based on Mobile Information System
Authors: Yanfei Miao
Published: July 2021

In order to actively explore the English teaching methods in the “Internet+” era, by exploring the teaching effects of online and offline mixed teaching English courses, it is found that the online and offline mixed teaching methods are very popular among students. Autonomous learning can enable students to acquire knowledge with greater flexibility and efficiency and make teacher guidance more targeted and interactive in offline classrooms, thereby improving teaching effects. In the new era, the rapid development and progress of Internet technology, information technology, and multimedia provide a good opportunity for China to continue to promote the reform of education and teaching. This article aims to study the online and offline mixed intelligent teaching assistant mode of English based on the mobile information system, expounds the overall design strategy of the online and offline mixed teaching mode, and proposes to strengthen the online and offline English mixed intelligent teaching assistant mode. And this article proposes an English hybrid intelligent teaching assistant model based on mobile information system development, which integrates massive English teaching resources. According to each student’s learning progress, tailor-made online learning courses and materials, combined with offline auxiliary teaching, achieve double education guarantee. The experimental results in this article show that if 30 people in the exam refer to the results, the teacher wants to analyze the results of these 10 questions. Please enter these 10 questions and corresponding rules of the user interface into the database, and use the system for reasoning and analysis, and the knowledge points involved in selecting 10 questions on the test paper are divided into 9 different grammatical points. When the entire class has conquered them and they are all deterministic answers, the weighted value is the current lowest value, which is 0. This shows that the system is very convenient.
Diagnosis and Management of Lentigo Maligna: Clinical Presentation and Comprehensive Review
Authors: Naik Piyu Parth
Published: July 2021

Lentigo maligna (LM), also known as Hutchinson’s melanotic freckle, is a form of in situ melanoma characterized by the proliferation of atypical melanocytes along the basal epidermis in sun-damaged skin. If left untreated, LM will progress to lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM), a form of invasive melanoma with the same prognosis as other forms of invasive melanoma. LM is more common in the elderly, with a peak occurrence between the ages of 65 and 80 years. LM, however, is rarely present on the trunk and extremities. The diagnosis of LM, confirmed by histopathological and biopsy examination, is based on clinical and dermoscopic features. It typically begins as a tan-brown macule or patch, but it can progress to a variegated pigmentation with dark black color or even amelanotic characteristics. The risk factors involved in the LM development include a history of sunburns, lighter skin types, advanced age, history of nonmelanoma skin cancers, and tendency to form solar lentigines. This article explains the clinical presentation of LM, also reviews the available information on the diagnosis and management of LM, and discusses the potential of such information in facilitating the future prospective.
Imaging Algorithm-Based Real-Time Shear Wave Elastography Combined with Thyroglobulin Antibodies in Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Xie Xinjing , Yang Jun , Liang Guoxin , Li Chunxiang , Li Zhongyuan
Published: July 2021

To analyze the effect of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) optimized by mathematical algorithms combined with thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb) on the clinical diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), a hybrid displacement estimation algorithm based on weighted phase separation and two-dimensional cross correlation was proposed. 102 patients with DTC were divided into a test group (TGAb-positive) and a control group (TGAb-negative). Real-time SWE based on hybrid displacement estimation algorithm was performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was adopted to analyze the characteristics of real-time SWE and its combination with TGAb to detect the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the malignant degree of thyroid cancer. The results showed that the preoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TGAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) of TGAb-positive patients were higher than those of the TGAb-negative group (

P
<
0.05

). The preoperative tumors of TGAb-positive patients were multifocal, and the tumor size was larger than that of the TGAb-negative patients (

P
<
0.05

). The maximum Young’s modulus Emax of TGAb-positive patients was greater than that of TGAb-negative group (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, there was a very significant positive correlation between the patient’s TGAb level and Emax of Young’s modulus (

P
<
0.001

). The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of the joint detection of real-time SWE Emax and TGAb for the malignant degree of thyroid cancer were significantly greater than those of the single real-time SWE and TGAb, and the difference was substantial (

P
<
0.05

). In short, joint detection of real-time SWE based on hybrid displacement estimation algorithm combined with TGAb had high sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for the diagnosis of DTC, which was suitable for clinical application.
Numerical Simulations of Chemical-Assisted Steam Flooding in Offshore Heavy Oil Reservoirs after Water Flooding
Authors: Zheng Wei , Fan Tingen , Tan Xianhong , Jiang Weidong , Wang Taichao , Xie Haojun
Published: July 2021

Chemical-assisted steam flooding (CASF) is a promising method for heavy oils. However, few researches have investigated the CASF performance on offshore heavy oil reservoirs recovery after water flooding. In this study, a numerical simulation model was developed to simulate CASF processes for offshore heavy oil reservoirs after water flooding. Then, a comparison of CASF and various thermal methods was made to assess the feasibility of CASF in an offshore heavy reservoir of Bohai Bay, China. Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the gas-liquid ratio, foaming agent concentration, surfactant concentration, the size of nitrogen foam slug, the size of surfactant slug, and the number of chemical injection round on CASF performance by the developed model. The results showed that the developed numerical method can precisely simulate the CASF processes. CASF is a potential and effective method for offshore heavy oil reservoirs after water flooding. The most suitable gas-liquid ratio was around 2 : 1 under the simulation conditions. Considering the economic benefit, it is significant to optimize the CASF parameters, such as foaming agent concentration, the size of nitrogen foam slug, and the number of chemical injection round.
The Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yuan Jintao , Wei Zhiping , Xu Xinwei , Ocansey Dickson Kofi Wiredu , Cai Xiu , Mao Fei
Published: July 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with nonobvious early symptoms and late symptoms of anemia, weight loss, and other systemic symptoms. Its morbidity and fatality rate are next only to gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and primary liver cancer among digestive malignancies. In addition to the conventional surgical intervention, other therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy and new treatment methods such as biologics and microbiological products have been introduced. As a promising cell therapy, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has attracted extensive research attention. MSCs are early undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells, which have the common features of stem cells, including self-replication, self-division, self-renewal, and multidirectional differentiation. MSCs come from a wide range of sources and can be extracted from a variety of tissues such as the bone marrow, umbilical cord, and fat. Current studies have shown that MSCs have a variety of biological functions such as immune regulation, tissue damage repair, and therapeutic effects on tumors such as CRC. This review outlines the overview of MSCs and CRC and summarizes the role of MSC application in CRC.
Neutrosophic Logic-Based Document Summarization
Authors: G. El Barbary O. , Abu Gdairi Radwan
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, rich quantity of information is offered on the Net which makes it hard for the clients to detect necessary information. Programmed techniques are desirable to effectively filter and search useful data from the Net. The purpose of purported text summarization is to get satisfied content handling with information variety. The main factor of document summarization is to extract benefit feature. In this paper, we extract word feature in three group called important words. Also, we extract sentence feature depending on the extracted words. With increasing knowledge on the Internet, it turns out to be an extremely time-consuming, exhausting, and boring mission to read the whole content and papers and get the relevant information on precise topics
Heterogeneity and Cancer-Related Features in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cells and Tissue
Authors: Espín Roderic , Baiges Alexandra , Blommaert Eline , Herranz Carmen , Roman Antonio , Saez Berta , Ancochea Julio , Valenzuela Claudia , Ussetti Piedad , Laporta Rosalía , Rodríguez-Portal José A. , van Moorsel Coline H.M. , van der Vis Joanne J. , Quanjel Marian J.R. , Villar-Piqué Anna , Diaz-Lucena Daniela , Llorens Franc , Casanova Álvaro , Molina-Molina María , Plass Mireya , Mateo Francesca , Moss Joel , Pujana Miquel Angel
Published: July 2021

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, low-grade metastasizing disease characterized by cystic lung destruction. LAM can exhibit extensive heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. However, the molecular similarities and differences among LAM cells and tissue, and their connection to cancer features are not fully understood. By integrating complementary gene and protein LAM signatures, and single-cell and bulk tissue transcriptome profiles, we show sources of disease heterogeneity, and how they correspond to cancer molecular portraits. Subsets of LAM diseased cells differ with respect to gene expression profiles related to hormones, metabolism, proliferation, and stemness. Phenotypic diseased cell differences are identified by evaluating lumican (LUM) proteoglycan and YB1 transcription factor expression in LAM lung lesions. The RUNX1 and IRF1 transcription factors are predicted to regulate LAM cell signatures, and both regulators are expressed in LAM lung lesions, with differences between spindle-like and epithelioid LAM cells. The cancer single-cell transcriptome profiles most similar to those of LAM cells include a breast cancer mesenchymal cell model and lines derived from pleural mesotheliomas. Heterogeneity is also found in LAM lung tissue, where it is mainly determined by immune system factors. Variable expression of the multifunctional innate immunity protein LCN2 is linked to disease heterogeneity. This protein is found to be more abundant in blood plasma from LAM patients than from healthy women.

Implications:

This study identifies LAM molecular and cellular features, master regulators, cancer similarities, and potential causes of disease heterogeneity.
Difusão em arquivos e o Centro de Memória - Unicamp
Authors: Lima Ananda Mendes
Published: July 2021

Considerando a difusão um dos componentes basilares das instituições de arquivo, este artigo tem como objetivo observar a importância desse segmento com relação a divulgação do conhecimento, partindo das iniciativas do Centro de Memória - Unicamp (CMU). Dessa forma, pretende-se apresentar algumas noções teóricas relativas à difusão e seu papel no arquivo, com o objetivo de situar as propostas do CMU, seguida da introdução do centro e sua trajetória e, por fim, as atividades em desenvolvimento e planejadas para os próximos períodos. A fins de conclusão, serão expostas reflexões acerca da importância da difusão em arquivos, e o comprometimento com a divulgação científica de qualidade tanto para o público acadêmico quanto à comunidade.
Entre sexualidade e jurisdição: discursos sobre homossexualidade nos penitenciais dos séculos XI-XII
Authors: Teixeira Arthur Rocha Martins Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

A homossexualidade está envolta em diversos conceitos e discursos que se alteram continuamente ao longo da narrativa histórica. Nos séculos XI-XII, os discursos envolvendo as relações sexuais entre indivíduos do sexo masculino eram compreendidas pela Sodomia; apesar desse termo não comportar a totalidade das relações homossexuais, é o vocábulo que mais se aproxima. As relações estabelecidas entre a Sodomia e as práticas de confissão e penitência são parte de um discurso de natureza repressiva, que condena as práticas sodomíticas. A repressão das relações sexuais são parte de uma faceta específica do discurso confessional neste período, dialogando extensamente com os movimentos de reforma no século XI e a passagem da Igreja monástica para a administração bispal. O objetivo deste artigo é explorar as relações de poder que se estabeleceram na tradição dos séculos XI-XII referente às práticas sodomíticas. Para tanto, será utilizado como base documental o "Liber Gomorrhanius" de Pedro Damiano, bem como as fontes penitenciais que o autor se vale para a escrita do seu tratado. Será traçada uma comparação da repressão em diferentes contextos penitenciais, assim como o impacto que a mudança na expressão do poder eclesiástico provocou para a confissão da Sodomia.
A Diplomacia Triangular: Nixon, Kissinger e a China
Authors: Arbage Jorge
Published: July 2021

Em face à recente guerra comercial entre Estados Unidos e China, muito tem sido dito a respeito de uma possível ruptura do paradigma diplomático entre os dois países, existente desde 1972 e eternizado pelo famoso conceito da Diplomacia Triangular. Embora curta, a relação entre ambas as nações é da mais alta importância; podemos até afirmar que poucos eventos nas últimas décadas moldaram tanto o mundo atual quanto o restabelecimento das relações entre Pequim e Washington.

Até 1969, um aperto de mãos entre Mao Zedong e Richard Nixon era improvável até nos mais absurdos sonhos - um contrassenso, podia-se dizer. Mas, apenas três anos depois, o inimaginável se tornou realidade. A aproximação entre Estados Unidos e República Popular da China foi um evento que não somente abalou, mas moldou o mundo. Aqui, buscamos compreender como se deu esse processo: o que levou à esta aproximação improvável; como ela foi feita; e como se deram as estratégias da Diplomacia Triangular e da Détente.
Descriptions of the early stages of Vagrans egista sinha (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with notes on its host plant Xylosma longifolia Clos from the western Himalaya of India
Authors: Gokhale Pranav , Yathumon M.A.
Published: July 2021

Distribution, life history stages, and status of Vagrans egista sinha (Kollar, 1844) in western Himalaya are presented. It is for the first time that this butterfly is reported on Xylosma longifolia Clos from Dehradun, Uttarakhand (India).
Bird composition, diversity and foraging guilds in agricultural landscapes: a case study from eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Yashmita-Ulman  , Singh Manoj
Published: July 2021

Birds have a significant role in maintaining the ecological balance of agro-ecosystems. But yet there is no documentation related to bird diversity in the agricultural landscapes of eastern Uttar Pradesh. This study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 using fixed radius point count method in Ayodhya district of eastern Uttar Pradesh. A total of 139 bird species belonging to 107 genera, 49 families and 15 orders were recorded from the study area. Passeriformes was the most dominant order with 28 families and 76 species. Accipitridae and Muscicapidae were the most diverse families with 11 species each and RDi value of 7.91. Among the recorded bird species, 105 species (76%) were resident, 29 species (21%) were winter visitors and only 5 species (4%) were summer visitors. According to the feeding guilds, omnivores (46 species, 33%) were highly represented, followed by insectivores (31%), carnivores (25%), granivores (6%), frugivores (4%) and nectarivores (1%). The Sohawal tehsil was found to have the highest species richness and a Shannon-Weiner diversity index (133, 4.30). Aquila nipalensis and Neophron percnopterus were the two ‘Endangered’ species, Antigone antigone and Clanga hastata were the two ‘Vulnerable’ species and Ciconia episcopus, Gyps himalayensis, Mycteria leucocephala and Psittacula eupatria were the four ‘Near Threatened’ species found in this region. In addition to this, the region also supported 31 species (22%) whose global population trend is decreasing. This study provides a baseline data on the bird diversity present in agricultural landscapes of this region. Based on which further studies should be designed to understand the factors influencing the diversity of birds in these agricultural landscapes which are continuously subjected to anthropogenic pressures.
Sleep Apnea is Associated With Accelerated Vascular Aging: Results From 2 European Community‐Based Cohort Studies
Authors: Lisan Quentin , van Sloten Thomas , Boutouyrie Pierre , Laurent Stéphane , Danchin Nicolas , Thomas Frédérique , Guibout Catherine , Perier Marie‐Cécile , Dagnelie Pieter , Henry Ronald M. , Schram Miranda T. , Heinzer Raphaël , Marques‐Vidal Pedro , van der Kallen Carla J. , Crijns Harry J. , van Greevenbroek Marleen , Reesink Koen , Köhler Sebastian , Sastry Manuel , Jouven Xavier , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Empana Jean‐Philippe
Published: July 2021

Background

The mechanisms underlying the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease may include accelerated vascular aging. The aim was to compare the magnitude of vascular aging in patients with high versus low risk of OSA.

Methods and Results

In 2 community‐based studies, the PPS3 (Paris Prospective Study 3) and the Maastricht Study, high risk of OSA was determined with the Berlin questionnaire (a screening questionnaire for OSA). We assessed carotid artery properties (carotid intima‐media thickness, Young’s elastic modulus, carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, carotid pulse wave velocity, carotid diameter using high precision ultrasound echography), and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (in the Maastricht Study only). Regression coefficients were estimated on pooled data using multivariate linear regression. A total of 8615 participants without prior cardiovascular disease were included (6840 from PPS3, 62% men, mean age 59.5±6.2 years, and 1775 from the Maastricht Study, 51% men, 58.9±8.1 years). Overall, high risk of OSA prevalence was 16.8% (n=1150) in PPS3 and 23.8% (n=423) in the Maastricht Study. A high risk of OSA was associated with greater carotid intima‐media thickness (β=0.21; 0.17–0.26), Young’s elastic modulus (β=0.21; 0.17–0.25), carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (β=0.24; 0.14–0.34), carotid pulse wave velocity (β=0.31; 0.26–0.35), and carotid diameter (β=0.43; 0.38–0.48), after adjustment for age, sex, total cholesterol, smoking, education level, diabetes mellitus, heart rate, and study site. Consistent associations were observed after additional adjustments for mean blood pressure, body mass index, or antihypertensive medications.

Conclusions

These data lend support for accelerated vascular aging in individuals with high risk of OSA. This may, at least in part, underlie the association between OSA and cardiovascular disease.
Cerebral Vein Thrombosis With Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Siegler James E. , Klein Piers , Yaghi Shadi , Vigilante Nicholas , Abdalkader Mohamad , Coutinho Jonathan M. , Abdul Khalek Feras , Nguyen Thanh N.
Published: July 2021

In the spring of 2021, reports of rare and unusual venous thrombosis in association with the ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2.S adenovirus-based coronavirus vaccines led to a brief suspension of their use by several countries. Thromboses in the cerebral and splanchnic veins among patients vaccinated in the preceding 4 weeks were described in 17 patients out of 7.98 million recipients of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (with 3 fatalities related to cerebral vein thrombosis) and 169 cases of cerebral vein thrombosis among 35 million ChAdOx1 recipients. Events were associated with thrombocytopenia and anti-PF4 (antibodies directed against platelet factor 4), leading to the designation vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Unlike the related heparin-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, with an estimated incidence of <1:1000 patients treated with heparin, and a mortality rate of 25%, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia has been reported in 1:150 000 ChAdOx1 recipients and 1:470 000 Ad26.COV.2 recipients, with a reported mortality rate of 20% to 30%. Early recognition of this complication should prompt testing for anti-PF4 antibodies and acute treatment targeting the autoimmune and prothrombotic processes. Intravenous immunoglobulin (1 g/kg for 2 days), consideration of plasma exchange, and nonheparin anticoagulation (argatroban, fondaparinux) are recommended. In cases of cerebral vein thrombosis, one should monitor for and treat the known complications of venous congestion as they would in patients without vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Now that the Ad26.COV2.S has been reapproved for use in several countries, it remains a critical component of our pharmacological armamentarium in stopping the spread of the human coronavirus and should be strongly recommended to patients. At this time, the patient and community-level benefits of these two adenoviral vaccines vastly outweigh the rare but serious risks of vaccination. Due to the relatively low risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in young women (<50 years), it is reasonable to recommend an alternative vaccine if one is available. Ongoing postmarketing observational studies are important for tracking new vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia cases and other rare side effects of these emergent interventions.
Forestiera veracruzana (Oleaceae), a new species from the riparian forests of central Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: PALACIOS-WASSENAAR OLIVIA M. , CASTILLO-CAMPOS GONZALO
Published: July 2021

The new species Forestiera veracruzana is described and illustrated. This newly described plant is part of the tree and shrub strata of riparian forests in the lowlands and hills of the Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco. Forestiera veracruzana is morphologically similar to F. corollata, and F. isabeliae by the presence of petals, and possibly to F. rhamnifolia, which also grow in similar environments, but it can be readily distinguished from these by its polygamodioecious condition, the length of peduncle, and the length and shape of pistil at anthesis.
Nomenclatural remarks on Iris orientalis (Iridaceae) and four related names including the Linnaean I. ochroleuca
Authors: BOLTENKOV EUGENY V. , GÜNER ADİL
Published: July 2021

Nomenclature issues of irises associated with the Turkish flora are discussed. In particular, Iris orientalis and four related names, I. ochroleuca, I. monnieri, I. gigantea, and I. albida, are typified. Lectotypes are designated for I. orientalis, I. monnieri, I. gigantea, and I. albida; a neotype for the Linnaean name I. ochroleuca is designated. Also, further support is provided for the suggestions that I. monnieri is a synonym to I. orientalis, and the author citation of the name I. monnieri is Redouté.
BuM 2.0: Software for online generation of matrices for Brooks Parsimony Analysis
Authors: SANTOS CHARLES MORPHY D. , SANTOS DAUBIAN , GOIS JOÃO PAULO , HAMMOUD MUHSEN
Published: July 2021

Brooks Parsimony Analysis is a cladistic biogeographic method that aims to extract biogeographic information from phylogenetic trees, depicting from a group of cladograms a general pattern of relationships among the areas the taxa inhabit. We present here BuM 2.0, an online framework to automatically create matrices for Brooks Parsimony Analysis (BPA) using Baum & Ragan’s algorithm for Matrix Representation with Parsimony.
COVID-19-Related Spontaneous Aortic Arch Thrombus With Delayed Embolization
Authors: Siddiq Bilal S. , Ward Matthew , Blecha Matthew
Published: July 2021

Presentation of a 62-year-old man with baseline chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the hospital with dyspnea and newly diagnosed COVID-19 infection. CT scan of the chest was obtained to rule out pulmonary embolism. This revealed a mural thrombus of the inner curvature of the aortic arch with a floating component. Therapeutic full dose anticoagulation was initiated in combination with close clinical observation and treatment for modest hypoxia. He did well for 1 month and then returned with ischemic rest pain of the right foot. Angiography revealed thrombosis of all 3 tibial arteries in the right leg. Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with tissue plasminogen activator injection and angioplasty was performed with success in 1 tibial artery to achieve in line flow to the foot. After continued anticoagulation, the remainder of the tibial arteries autolysed and the aortic thrombus was noted to be resolved 4 months later. A brief pathophysiology discussion is included.
Racist Antitrust, Antiracist Antitrust
Authors: Newman John Mark
Published: July 2021

If the tumultuous 2010s yielded one consistent theme, it is frustration with inequality coalescing into collective action. In response, progressive enforcers and commentators have begun to explore whether the antitrust laws—enacted in an attempt to counter concentrated power during a previous Gilded Age—might play a role in addressing systemic racialized inequality. This essay contributes to that ongoing conversation by historicizing a pair of antitrust cases: Knights of the Ku Klux Klan and Superior Court Trial Lawyers Association. The first is an admirable example of antiracist antitrust. The second is its opposite. Together, these two decisions represent divergent paths. Which has the contemporary antitrust enterprise followed? The Supreme Court’s most recent substantive decision in the area, Ohio v. American Express, suggests both room for hope and reason for concern. The essay concludes by offering four recommendations for how antitrust can retake the high road. Antitrust can and should help to address—rather than exacerbate—structural inequality.
Supervisor negative feedback and employee motivation to learn: An attribution perspective
Authors: Xing Lu , Sun Jian-Min , Jepsen Denise , Zhang Yejun
Published: July 2021

Why do some employees respond well to negative feedback, whereas others respond poorly? We suggest it depends on two factors: first, employees’ attribution of the feedback, or why employees believe their supervisor provides negative feedback in the first place, and second, employees’ core self-evaluation (CSE). These factors have implications for employees’ motivation to learn and learning performance. We tested our hypotheses using two three-wave time-lagged survey data from 370 employees in the United States (Study 1) and 302 hospital nurses in China (Study 2). Results suggest that for employees with high CSE, negative feedback is positively associated with the attribution that the feedback is given for performance-driven purposes (i.e. external attribution), which is in turn positively related to their motivation to learn. For employees with low CSE, negative feedback is positively related to the attribution that the feedback is given for self-serving purposes (i.e. internal attribution). Such attribution is negatively related to motivation to learn (Study 1), which further predicts the increase in their learning performance (Study 2). This study not only extends the theoretical understanding of negative feedback effectiveness, but also offers implications for supervisors to better deliver and for employees to better receive negative feedback.
Individual- and group-level consequences of divergence in perceived group affect
Authors: Jeong Sophia Soyoung , Korsgaard M Audrey
Published: July 2021

The shared mood or affect of a work group can exert a powerful influence on the group’s social dynamics and effectiveness. However, the mood of others can be difficult to read, leading to divergent perceptions of group affect among members. What happens when individuals perceive the group’s affect differently? We answer this question by investigating how divergence in perceptions of group affect influences individuals’ social integration and the group’s performance. In doing so, we examine the implications of divergence in perceived group affect for individuals and the group as a whole. In a field study of 1419 individuals in 107 work groups, we found that divergence in perceptions of the group’s positive affect was negatively associated with individuals’ commitment to the team and undermined the positive impact of group affect on group performance. We discuss the implications of our findings for refining theory on group affect, the value of strongly shared affect, and how leaders can foster a stronger sense of shared affect within groups.
The effect of pay for performance on work attitudes in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors: A panel study from South Korea
Authors: Bae Kwang Bin
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the differing effects of pay for performance on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, this research found that pay for performance has a positive relationship with job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the private sector, a negative relationship with job satisfaction in the public sector, and a negative relationship with organizational commitment in the nonprofit sector.

Points for practitioners

When organizations in the public and nonprofit sectors begin adopting policies to increase extrinsic motivation, managers and scholars should carefully consider the negative effects of monetary incentives on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The public sector emphasizes public values and public interests, which explains the significant effect of pay for performance on job satisfaction; meanwhile, the fact that the nonprofit sector focuses on organizational missions and goals, stakeholders, and employee motivation explains the positive effect of pay for performance on organizational commitment.
Positive Psychology Applied to the Workplace: A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis
Authors: McDonald Matthew , Thi Nguyen Lan , Bubna-Litic David , Nguyen Thanh-Nha , Taylor Greig
Published: July 2021

An ever-expanding literature now exists critiquing the theory and philosophy of positive psychology, however, research has yet to provide a critical analysis of its practical application. The current study extends on these critiques by exploring how positive psychology is applied to the workplace by investigating practitioner-based sources including interviews with workplace coaches who use positive psychological interventions and applied published texts. The study draws on Michel Foucault’s concepts of power/knowledge and discourse as a theoretical and methodological framework. Three dominant discourses were identified which illustrate the ways in which positive psychology is applied to the workplace. These include the promotion of its scientific credentials, employing a strength-based approach and using goal-setting and behavioral reinforcement interventions. When applied to the workplace, these discourses psychologize workplace problems, resulting in potentially negative outcomes for employees. However, interviews with some of the workplace coaches indicate they practice a degree of reflexivity, providing a salutary lesson for the science of positive psychology.
Sentencing Females Convicted of Sex Offenses: Examining Measures of Perceived Dangerousness and the Decision to Incarcerate
Authors: Gibbs Benjamin R. , Ten Bensel Tusty
Published: July 2021

From media attention to legislative actions, individuals convicted of sex offenses are often perceived as dangerous and a threat to society. Previous research, however, has demonstrated that perceived dangerousness is gender-specific, often minimizing culpability for women convicted of sex offenses. Consequently, previous research on sentencing outcomes of these individuals have largely been male-only samples, leaving a gap in the literature as it pertains to females convicted of sex offenses. The current study sought to fill this gap by examining the impact that those convicted, victims, and offense characteristics had on sentencing outcomes for women convicted of sex offenses. We analyzed a sample of 262 females convicted of a sex offense in a Southern state. The results demonstrated that official case characteristics, along with victim characteristics, play an influential role in the judicial decision to impose an incarceration sentence.
A modified multi swarm particle swarm optimization algorithm using an adaptive factor selection strategy
Authors: Chrouta Jaouher , Farhani Fethi , Zaafouri Abderrahmen
Published: July 2021

In the present study, we suggest a modified version of heterogeneous multi-swarm particle swarm optimization (MSPSO) algorithm, that allows the amelioration of its performance by introducing an adaptive inertia weight approach. In order to bring about a balance between the exploration and exploitation characteristics of MSPSO allowing to promote information exchange amongst the subswarms. However, the classical MSPSO algorithm search behavior has not always been optimal in finding the optimal solution to certain problems, which results in falling into local optimum leading to premature convergence. The most advantages of the MSPSO there are easy to implement and there are few parameters to adjust. The inertia weight (w) is one of the most Particle Swarm Optimization’s (PSO) parameters. Controlling this parameter could facilitate the convergence and prevent an explosion of the swarm. To overcome the above limitations, this paper proposes a heterogeneous multi swarm PSO algorithm based on PSO number selection approach centred on the idea of particle swarm referred to as Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with Factor selection strategy (FMSPSO). In the various process implementations of the particle swarm search, different parameter selection strategies are adopted to ameliorate the global search ability. The proposed FMSPSO is able to improve the population’s diversity and better explore the entire feature space. The statistical test and indicators that are reported in the specialized literature demonstrate that the suggested approach is superior in terms of efficiency to nine other popular PSO algorithms in solving the optimization problem of complex problems. The approach suggests that FMSPSO reaches a very promising performance for solving different types of optimization problems, leading eventually to higher solution accuracy.
Improving performance specifications of internal combustion engine dedicated to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on coupled optimization methodology
Authors: Huin Xavier , Di Loreto Michaël , Bideaux Eric , Benzaoui Hellal
Published: July 2021

In the context of heavy-duty application, this paper introduces a novel methodology for better defining the specifications of the internal combustion engine (ICE) in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (pHEVs) with energy management-based evaluation. From mathematical modelling of reference engine static efficiency and maximum torque, parametric transformations are performed to explore alternative engine designs. A coupled optimization problem is formulated as a bi-level form with powertrain optimal energy management based on a combinatorial problem formulation solved by Branch&Bound algorithm in the inner loop and exhaustive evaluation of ICE designs in the outer loop. A detailed transmission losses model and limitations on engine torque response dynamics are included in the optimization problem. The number of engine ignition and shutdown phases are also considered in order to better simulate the powertrain. The results show potential fuel reduction of 2.4% on a regional delivery cycle with zero-emission zones, and are intended to be used as specifications to guide further detailed engine development dedicated to hybrid powertrains.
Evaluating Research in Personality and Social Psychology: Considerations of Statistical Power and Concerns About False Findings
Authors: Wegener Duane T. , Fabrigar Leandre R. , Pek Jolynn , Hoisington-Shaw Kathryn
Published: July 2021

Traditionally, statistical power was viewed as relevant to research planning but not evaluation of completed research. However, following discussions of high false finding rates (FFRs) associated with low statistical power, the assumed level of statistical power has become a key criterion for research acceptability. Yet, the links between power and false findings are not as straightforward as described. Assumptions underlying FFR calculations do not reflect research realities in personality and social psychology. Even granting the assumptions, the FFR calculations identify important limitations to any general influences of statistical power. Limits for statistical power in inflating false findings can also be illustrated through the use of FFR calculations to (a) update beliefs about the null or alternative hypothesis and (b) assess the relative support for the null versus alternative hypothesis when evaluating a set of studies. Taken together, statistical power should be de-emphasized in comparison to current uses in research evaluation.
Drone Power: Conservation, Humanitarianism, Policing and War
Authors: Fish Adam , Richardson Michael
Published: July 2021

A convergence of four genealogies reveals drone power. Environmentality describes the contradictory uses of drones in conservation. Humanitarianism articulates how control is enacted and challenged in human crises. Securitization examines drones in surveillance and counter-surveillance. Militarization, the use of drones in war, explains domination from above and resistance from below. While theories of governmentality dominate, an emergent materialism within drone studies emphasizes the diffusion of power and agency. A synthesis of drone governmentality and drone materialism exposes four flightways or elemental trajectories. The drone is an existential technology – a tool for enlivenment and senescence. As such, drone power migrates between biopolitics and resistance. In doing so, drone performativity generates assemblages of human and nonhuman actants entangled at material-discursive and onto-epistemological levels. Entrapment designates the consequences of increasing dependency on technologies in sociotechnical systems of life and death.
Lateral layers and loops: Why managers need to curate the fabric of the digital firm in a post-lockdown world
Authors: Bryant Lee
Published: July 2021

The sudden switch to remote working has exposed the fatuous and even unproductive nature of many conventional management techniques in the modern workplace. Rather than micro-managing performance of individual contributors, this article argues that leaders and managers should focus on curating the fabric of the digital firm to enable more productive and engaged online-first working in the post-lockdown world of work. Having inherited organisational structures and processes that are largely not fit for purpose in the digital world, this is a once-in-a-generation challenge for emerging leaders today, and if they are able to succeed then they will not only enjoy greater short-term productivity, but also leave a legacy for the future in the form of organisations that are better adapted and more fit for the digital, networked future of business.
Signal interruption in Baldwin City: Filling a communication vacuum in a small town “news desert”
Authors: Smethers J. Steven , Mwangi Sam Chege , Bressers Bonnie
Published: July 2021

This research sought to understand how the loss of a local newspaper impacts the community. Focus groups were conducted among a purposive sample of community leaders. The overall consensus was that residents miss having a single community information platform. Business owners lack an effective way to advertise. Respondents’ perception of the emerging communication platforms trying to fill the information void depends on the consumers’ technical proficiency and prior use of such platforms.
Mental Representations of Values and Behaviors
Authors: Lins De Holanda Coelho Gabriel , Hanel Paul H. P. , Johansen Mark K. , Maio Gregory R.
Published: July 2021

The present research provides the first direct assessment of the fit of diverse behaviors to putatively related personal and social values from Schwartz’s theory. Across three studies, we examined spatial representations of value-related behaviors that were explicitly derived from people’s mental representations of the values. Participants were asked how similar the behaviors were to each other and various values, and these judgments were used to specify multidimensional scaling solutions. The results indicated that the spatial representation of the behaviors was consistent with the two-dimensional space described in Schwartz’s model of values, although several deviations occurred. For example, self-enhancement behaviors were widely spread, indicating more variation in the way individuals interpret these behaviors, which are often associated with other value types. These data provide evidence that a range of behaviors can at least partly be reduced to underlying motivations expressed by values. Furthermore, our findings indicate that behaviors are often expressed by several values, which might help to explain why value–behavior associations in previous studies were weak. Finally, they illustrate a new approach to learning which behaviors might relate to multiple values.
Influence of Homogenization in the Physicochemical Quality of Human Milk and Fat Retention in Gastric Tubes
Authors: Correa Kely de Paula , Silva Monique Ellen Torres da , Oliveira Davi Rocha Bernardes de , Oliveira André Fernando de , Santos Igor Jose Boggione , Oliveira Eduardo Basílio de , Coimbra Jane Sélia dos Reis
Published: July 2021

Background:

The retention of human milk nutrients in gastric tubes used to feed premature infants is a challenge to be overcome.

Research Aims:

To evaluate (1) the performance of six homogenizers (mixing processor, piston valve, ultrasonic bath, ultraturrax, stirring mixer, and ultrasound probe) for the fat retention reduction in gastric tubes; (2) the influence of the best homogenization conditions on the fatty acid and protein profiles of human milk; and (3) the cost/benefit ratio for the inclusion of homogenization as a new step in human milk processing.

Methods:

The influence of different levels and times of homogenization on reducing fat retention of human milk in probes was evaluated in this comparative prospective cross-sectional study. After homogenization, human milk flowed through a gavage and infusion pump apparatus used for feeding. Fat content was quantified before and after feeding. The techniques that reduced fat globule sizes and/or promoted a lower percentage of fat holding were evaluated for efficiency, variations in the fatty acid and protein profiles, and energy density and operating costs.

Results:

Homogenization led to a reduction in fat retention in feeding probes. The mixer processor and the ultrasound probe reduced fat retention by 99.23% (SD = 0.07) and 99.95% (SD = 0.02), respectively, and did not negatively influence fatty acid and protein profiles. The mixer processor demonstrated low energy density and low cost for human milk processing.

Conclusion:

Homogenization promoted reduced fat retention in the feed probe and could help maintain fat nutrients of human milk during enteral feeding.