bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The correlation between breath acetone and blood betahydroxybutyrate in individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hancock Gus , Sharma Shrinivas , Galpin Martin , Lunn Daniel , Megson Clare , Peverall Rob , Richmond Graham , Ritchie Grant A D , Owen Katharine R
Published: October 2020

Ketone testing is an important element of the self-management of illness in type 1 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to see if a breath test for acetone could be used to predict quantitatively the levels of the ketone betahydroxybutyrate in the blood of those with type 1 diabetes, and thus be used as an alternative to capillary testing for ketones. Simultaneous capillary ketones and breath acetone were measured in 72 individuals with type 1 diabetes attending a diabetes clinic and on 9 individuals admitted to hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. Capillary blood measurements ranged from 0.1 mmol l−1 (the lower limit of the ketone monitor) to over 7 mmol l−1, with breath acetone varying between 0.25 and 474 parts per million by volume. The two variables were found to be correlated and allowed modelling to be carried out which separated breath acetone levels into three categories corresponding to normal, elevated and ‘at risk’ levels of blood ketones. The results on this limited set of participants suggest that a breath acetone test could be a simple, non-invasive substitute for capillary ketone measurement in type 1 diabetes.
Organization of safe execution of works with the use of trapping nets
Authors: Brodskiy Victor
Published: October 2020

The organization of ensuring safe execution of building and assembly works when erecting and reconstructing buildings (structures) of various purposes based on the application of trapping nets to prevent industrial injuries in case of human or items falling from height is presented. Structural layout of a safety (catching) device with pivotally mounted brackets and a freely hanging net was considered. Appearing dynamic loads in case of items falling on trapping nets depending on impact acceleration were theoretically identified. It was found out that a trapping net with pivotally positioned brackets additionally reduces deceleration loads in relation to devices with rigidly fixed brackets and their use is more effective for cases of men falling with insignificant forward velocity. Bench and shop tests of trapping devices were carried out with the purpose of checking compliance of selected theoretical models, selection of developed options of designs and schematic diagrams, differentiation of reaction of capron and lavsan net materials from action of impulse loads. Test key results confirming matching of experimental data with presented theoretical models were showed. It was established that dynamic overloads depend both on a bracket position angle as well as on a place of an item falling into net, the value of pitch of deflection of net cloth made of lavsan and capron materials is almost similar and characteristics of values of their displacement under dynamic loads from a falling item are identical.
Numerical and analytical building surface crossing lines in some transport tasks
Authors: Dubanov A A , Nefedova V A , Tashkane A S
Published: October 2020

The work is devoted to the creation of three-dimensional models. They explain the sequence and features of constructing lines of intersection of surfaces. This article presents algorithms for constructing lines of intersection of surfaces. This is relevant in the field of computer graphics. Methods for constructing intersection lines of surfaces are developed using the Dragilev’s method. Construction methods are considered by reducing the solution of the problem to the Cauchy problem. And a solution without reduction to the Cauchy problem. The geometric model is also used to solve some transport problems: visualization, construction of calculation grids, etc. The solution is presented for planes specified in parametric form and for planes specified in parametric form. The article has examples of creating virtual models that explain the construction of intersection lines of various planes. The texts of the programs are presented. For example, they illustrate the capabilities of the method of constructing intersection lines of planes, which is performed in the MathCAD 11 system. Computer models help visually convert information in a two-dimensionspace into a three-dimension space and, conversely, a three-dimension space into a two-dimension space. The method described is relevant for use in computer-aided design systems. This approach can be used to solve problems in the field of descriptive geometry.
Evaluation criteria for scientific and technical support of a pilot project
Authors: Chekyshkov P D , Khripko T V
Published: October 2020

Scientific and technical support for engineering, design and construction of buildings and structures increased level of responsibility (grade KS-3) provides for the Technical regulations on safety of buildings and constructions, town-planning code of the Russian Federation and other interstate standard. Experimental construction - construction carried out on the basis of the results of research and design work in order to verify the adopted technical and technological solutions, the use of new materials in the reconstruction and construction of buildings and structures for various purposes. By decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.05. 1998 No. 1 “on priority directions of scientific and technical progress and introduction of new effective technologies, materials and structures in the construction complex and housing and communal services of the Russian Federation” highlights the main directions of scientific and technical development of construction and housing and communal complexes. The research describes the existing approaches to setting up and conducting an experiment at various stages of the life cycle of a construction object, which allow us to determine whether an investment and construction project belongs to an experimental project in various aspects. Criteria for evaluating the quality of scientific and technical support results have been developed that allow formalizing the terms of reference for performing scientific and technical support and ensuring proper quality of work, as well as formalizing and making an objective assessment of the results of scientific and technical support of an investment and construction project at various stages of its life cycle.
Reprofiling of transport infrastructure objects with monolithic reinforced concrete frame
Authors: Topchiy Dmitry , Bolotova Alina , Vorobev Alexey , Atamanenko Alevtina
Published: October 2020

The actual issues of improving the quality of the organization of production processes in the monolithic construction. The efficiency of the construction production is significantly affected by organizational and technological reliability. The main factors affecting the rate of organizational and technological reliability of monolithic construction. This index takes into account the statistical characteristics of efficiency and organizational risks that arise in the process of functioning of objects of monolithic construction. Revealed and substantiated the necessity of development of recommendations and methods that will allow assessment of the overall organizational and technological reliability of monolithic construction and make a rational decision on the adequacy of the selected preventive measures with correction of the calendar plan of construction in terms of technical risk. The study examined the objects of transport infrastructure
Development of road transport infrastructure through the construction of a runway in the city of Tobolsk
Authors: Ermakova A
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the construction of a runway in the city of Tobolsk. The development of road transport infrastructure will allow the territory to open up new opportunities. The author examines the structure of the construction of the runway, analyzes the necessary costs for the construction of a road transport facility. Highlights the main prospects for further development of the territory.
Formation of logistics facilities in transport corridors
Authors: Pokrovskaya O , Orekhov S , Kapustina N , Kizyan N
Published: October 2020

Modern processes taking place in the global economy testify to the increasing role and importance of international transport infrastructure. The geo-economics situation of the country, the attraction of transit freight flows, the rational organization of the passage of foreign trade cargo largely depends on the degree of integration of the national transport and logistics market in the international market. Among the priorities of its work until 2030, Russian Railways notes the development of the Trans-Siberian Railway as a transit transport artery. It is assume that its development is able to transfer the Asia-Europe transit flow and back from sea to rail. Switching transit freight flows from sea to rail is also one of the tasks and the revival of the transport route between East and West, announced by China as a large-scale transformation of the entire trade and economic model of Eurasia. This concept of a new pan-Eurasian (and in the long term intercontinental) transport system is based on a historical example of the ancient Great Silk Road, which has been in operation since the 2nd century. BC e. and was one of the most important trade routes in antiquity and in the middle Ages.
Evolutionary and functional development of transport nodes
Authors: Pokrovskaya O , Kurenkov P , Khmelev I , Goncharenko S
Published: October 2020

The relevance of the research topic is determine by the fact that the effectiveness of the logistics complex of the whole country depends on the quality of decisions on the creation of terminal systems in the regions. The state and development of industry, agriculture, defense of the country and, in many respects, well-being and convenience for the population depend on the quality of the functioning of the transport system. Integrated directions, the tasks of which would be a multifactorial study of such complex logistic entities as terminal networks are still not sufficiently study in modern transport science. The scientific article proposes an evolutionary-functional approach to the classification of transport nodes, which be used as a technique for studying the features of the origin and development of transport nodes. The pyramid of terminalistics and the hierarchy of its objects is present taking into account the complexity and integration of the service as an adapted version, according to the theory of J.-P. Rodrigue. For railway junctions, a four-stage adapted Rodrigue-Notteboom model is propose. The stages of the development of the transport hub according to the evolutionary-functional approach are investigate. A model for the development of logistics facilities is propose (for example, Venlo Trade Port). It is summarized that the development of transport hubs can be effective for industries not related to transport and warehouse logistics, but for such industries, the development of transport hubs will have social and financial effects.
Contingency theory: the analysis in air transportation before, during, and after the pandemic in Thailand
Authors: Kankaew Kannapat , Pongsapak Trerattanaset
Published: October 2020

Since the spread of COVID 19 from the outbreak to pandemic. It is affecting all walks of life, and all kinds of business globally. This academic article reviewed the most sensitive industry which is the air transportation based on contingency theory. This article spotlights on anterior, amid, and after the pandemicpalliative in Thailand. The purpose is to propose the idea of the aviation industry alteration to survive and striving to achievement its goals based on academic view. However, there might not be a single best way to accomplish in the strong competition market in which the new normal life of people involved, specifically social-distancing. The only unique different strategy, and the competence resources still accounted as the most important to be competitive advantages.
Logistic evaluation of the choice of service provider in transport under different conditions
Authors: Majercak Jozef , Majercak Peter , Kurbatova Anna , Kurbatova Ekaterina
Published: October 2020

Article is about a proposal new methodology assessment of functional performance of material flows as a tool for management decision-making in the selection of suitable suppliers of logistical services in railway transport.
Optimizing the route network of the city
Authors: Androshchuk Vasilii , Andreev Konstantin , Panov Iurii , Terentyev Vyacheslav , Shemyakin Alexander , Ivanov Aleksandr
Published: October 2020

Improving the quality of passenger service by public transport is a priority in major cities of the Russian Federation. One of the important indicators of the quality of transport services in passenger transport is the regularity of transportation, which, in addition to the planned traffic intervals, also depends on factors related to the conditions of public transport in the settlement (the intensity and composition of the traffic flow, the structure of passenger traffic, the mode of traffic lights, atmospheric conditions). The article analyzes the regularity of urban public passenger transport in the conditions of the city of Ryazan, by studying the intervals of arrival of vehicles at stops along a given route. According to the results of the study, serious problems were identified in the existing route network, and measures were outlined to eliminate shortcomings in the operation of urban transport by optimizing the city route network.
Models for predicting passenger traffic in rail and air transport
Authors: Butyrkin A Ya , Kulikova E B , Madyar O N , Dmitrieva E I
Published: October 2020

The task of forecasting the value of passenger traffic is traditionally relevant for any type of transport. A huge amount of research and scientific work has been devoted to its solution. There is no universal method. The authors analyzed the main models for forecasting passenger traffic in rail and air transport. The features of various approaches are revealed, the error in the calculations is estimated and the conditions of applicability in practice of various models.
Safe environment for pedestrians participating in public events
Authors: Bukhtoyarov V , Dorokhin S , Ivannikov V , Shvyriov A , Yakovlev K
Published: October 2020

Ensuring comfortable and safe conditions for visitors to large-scale events of various kinds is one of the priority areas for the organizers. There are many examples when insufficient attention was paid to security issues, which led to sad consequences for the audience. Mistakes in planning evacuation routes in emergency situations are the main cause of panic for a crowd of people. Victims of the evacuation can be avoided with a well-organized system of informing the audience and a pre-planned visual orientation with signs and arrows, as well as sound. Visitors should be instructed and aware of the routes and exits that should be used in case of emergency evacuation. This article discusses the possibility of creating the necessary prerequisites for improving the safety of pedestrians participating in mass events. The presented study is aimed at forming the necessary foundations for developing recommendations to improve the safety of events with a large number of participants.
Smart grid and ripple control technologies in energy and road construction
Authors: Smirnov V , Danilochkina N , Shangaraev R , Delyatitskaya A
Published: October 2020

The present paper is aimed at studies on innovational technologies of Smart Grid and Ripple Control, which offer means for intuitive integration of actions of all consumers of energy resources to provide sustainable, effective and reliable sources of power supply in road construction. Operating features of the Smart Grid system were analyzed in terms of its ground-breaking aspects and advanced methods for monitoring. These systems combine novel products and services with intelligent systems for monitoring, control, communication and self-restoration. Regarding the results of the research, there were given recommendations on how to reduce losses in transmission lines, improve operational stability and productivity of the grid without any technical modifications in the network.
The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Transport Industry Development
Authors: Rajagukguk Wilson
Published: October 2020

Information and communication technology (ICT) has been a part of global life and also has a positive impact on human welfare. ICT involves activity, hardware, and electronic software that execute processing, transmission, and displaying information. This study aims to investigate the impacts of ICT on economic welfare. The data used were from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank for 82 countries during 2009 through 2017. The dependent variable was GDP per capita and the independent variables were ICT indicators, measured by the number of automated teller machines (ATMs), fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions. The data were analyzed employing a random effects regression model for panel data. The results of study indicate that the number of ATMs, fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions had significant effects on GDP per capita statistically. Higher economic welfare was associated with higher number of ATMs, fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions.
Justification of integrated reliability index of vehicles
Authors: Moroz Sergey
Published: October 2020

In modern automobile transport, the methodology of probabilistic estimates of the time between failures of automobiles, which has been developed over decades, is not used, and manufacturers do not include data on their reliability in the characteristics of automobiles. With their distribution of cars on flights and routes, the motor transport enterprises do not calculate the margin of their performance before repair or maintenance. The aim of this work is to substantiate automation methods for a comprehensive reliability assessment of a car and determine the residual life before setting up for repair or maintenance. It is proposed to use for these purposes statistical estimates of the operating time parameter between statements for repair or maintenance and their change as the vehicle develops a resource. A new service for the on-board local area network of vehicle has been developed to automatically monitor the performance margin. It is based on a joint automatic control of statements for repair or maintenance and calculation of vehicle operating time between them. The proposed control is intended to be implemented by means of the on-board local area network of the car and the information system for supporting the technical operation of cars at the motor transport enterprise.
Model of settlement evacuation based on the imitation modelling application
Authors: Avdeeva M O , Savelev D I , Uzun O L , Logvinova U V
Published: October 2020

The relevance of the research is that despite the already studied method of evacuation modeling, it is not widely used, especially in Russia. There is also a tendency to an increasing destructive capacity of the heart rate, which increases the probability of complete evacuation of the population and material assets. The purpose of this article is to develop and test a simulation model that allows you to calculate the characteristics of a locality and transport infrastructure, allowing you to predict the process of evacuation in advance of the appearance of negative emergency factors. The model was developed based on the Anylogic software product. As a result of the experiments, indicators were obtained, which can be used to make a conclusion about the possibility of evacuation in the selected locality.
Study of possibilities for light marker coordinate measuring with light field digital cameras
Authors: Makhov V E , Shirobokov V V , Emelyanov A V
Published: October 2020

The paper considers the possibilities of recording the laser emitter light markers on the surface of the object under study by an optoelectronic system based on digital light field cameras. The technique of experimental research of coordinates and parameters of light markers is described. The mathematical model of light markers is presented. Algorithms have been developed for determining the coordinates of light markers on the surface of controlled products. The accuracy of determining the coordinates and dimensions of light markers is analyzed. The necessity for high-precision measuring systems to perform preliminary calibration of laser emitters according to the proposed method, taking into account the design range of light markers, is shown. It was found that the accuracy of determining the coordinates of light markers for design surfaces with digital cameras of the light field is several times higher than with conventional digital cameras.
Methods of remote monitoring of operability of mechanical systems
Authors: Minh Nguyen Trong , Zorin Vladimir
Published: October 2020

Mechanical systems are widely used in various industries as products of mechanical engineering. Timely identification of the reasons and types of failures is crucial for reliability assurance and safety of the car (machine). The questions of remote monitoring of technical condition of mechanical systems are considered in the paper. Remote monitoring of technical condition and operability of mechanical systems provides possibility of preventing refusals, planning terms and volumes of maintenance operation, repair, and forecasting reliability of cars (machines).
Block diagram of the automatic model of technical documentation
Authors: Baratov D , Aripov N , Muxiddinov O , Jumanov X
Published: October 2020

The article explores the features of electronic document management of technical documentation of railway automation and telemechanics. The article deals with the synthesis of mathematical models of electronic document management of technical documentation of railway automation and telemechanics. For this purpose, the real processes of creation, verification and use of technical documentation were examined using the example of the process of accounting and control of railway automation and telemechanics devices, which made it possible to identify a structural diagram of a formalized model of technical documentation. A model of electronic document management of technical documentation is created, created using the mathematical apparatus of finite state machines. A block diagram of an automaton model of technical documentation is developed. The proposed block diagram of a formalized model of technical documentation consists of matrices of external microoperations, internal microoperations, code creation for the following microcomponents. The number of internal states of the firmware is completely determined by the number of logic elements of the algorithms. The size of the matrices depends on the number of operators and logical conditions in the logic circuits of the algorithms.
Improving of closed die-forging of transport and marine fasteners “wing nut”
Authors: Kukhar V , Klimov E , Chernenko S , Markov O , Anishchenko O , Prysiazhnyi A
Published: October 2020

The “wing nut” is a widespread transport and ship fixture designed to locking of hatches, covers and portholes. A more advanced closed die forging for the “wing nut” forgings of transport fittings was proposed with preforming by new method of bulk buckling of billet with upsetting ratio (height to diameter ratio) of 4.2...4.4. The billet and process calculation were performed based on results of researched and a new die forging was tested on a screw friction press. The results of experimental studies conducted on model lead billets at room temperature, and steel billets heated to 1180 °C, confirmed the increase in the accuracy rate of the billet material utilization ratio (one forging mass to one billet mass ratio) from 0.519 to 0.734 and metal savings up to 41% in comparison with the basic die forging without preforming of billet. It is shown that the introduction of a preforming by bulk buckling operation improves the forgings macrostructure (grainflow) even for cases the initial billets are buckled to folding defect formation, because with the further finishing die forging of semi-finished work-pieces the folding defect is displacing (or extruding) into flash. The improved die forging process and recommendations are accepted for implementation in the industry and the direction of reducing the cost of repair work for transport is noted.
Selection of the reagent to neutralize hydrogen sulfide and methyl-, ethylmercaptans in oil
Authors: Kuryakova Tatyana , Mezhueva Larisa , Uzun Konstantin , Tamoshina Olga , Beregovaya Natalia
Published: October 2020

Laboratory studies of 2016 on the residual content of light mercaptans at the loading point revealed an excess of the mass fraction of methyl- and ethylmercaptans in the prepared oil of the Borodino field. The studies stated that the most effective results on the residual content of mercaptans in purified oil are achieved by adding the reagent-neutralizer to degassed oil after the second stage of separation. Also, the tests proved that water in oil has an effect on the flow of reaction. The action of the reagent-neutralizer takes place at the “oil-water” phase boundary, the dispersion contributes to the strengthening of mass interchange reducing the response time of the neutralizer with oil. The mode of supply of the reagent-neutralizer should be continuous as when the supply of the reagent is ceased, the process of neutralizing hydrogen sulfide discontinues. The laboratory tests made it possible to select the best neutralizer Desoulfon-SNPCH-1200, to determine its minimum specific consumption and the temperature of heating oil. The application of this reagent-neutralizer will allow doing the effective oil preparation at the loading point of the Borodino field. The amount of Desoulfon-SNPCH-1200 needed to neutralize the mercaptans depends on their content in oil and the required degree of reduction. The usual proportion in processing is 4-5 ppm of Desoulfon-SNPCH-1200 at 1 ppm of mercaptans.
Efficiency of electromechanical treatment of VT22 Titanium Alloy in the manufacture and repair of transport components
Authors: Yakovlev S , Nuretdinova J , Mishanin A
Published: October 2020

The high efficiency of VT22 titanium alloy hardening by electromechanical treatment in the manufacture and repair of transport components is determined. The experiments on determining the heat resistance of VT22 titanium alloy structures hardened by electromechanical treatment showed that their maximum operating temperature is limited to 550 °C. When transport operating in environments with higher temperatures, recrystallization processes begin in hardened areas.
Obsidian expansion kinetics
Authors: Safaryan A , Sarkisyan T , Paytyan T , Baghdagyulyan A
Published: October 2020

According to the modern terminology, the term «perlite» means natural glassy mountainous rock that has the expansion feature when heated causing high porous pumice-like material. Scientifically, in the first place, perlite (containing different quantities of water) itself that is hydrated volcanic glass, in the second place, pechstein that is even and fairly strong hydrated glass, in the third place, obsidian that is glass containing little water, in the fourth place, the so-called porous perlite that is scientifically regarded as little porous pumice, can be pertained to technical perlite. Thus, in Armenia according to technical significance «perlite», glassy mountainous rock, divided into perlite and obsidian. The igneous rock consists of volcanic glass the water content of which does not exceed 1%. In Armenia, in ancient times obsidian was expanded and used in the upper layers of the dome of the three-floored temple Zvartnotc. Expanded obsidian can be used as artificial porous aggregate for lightweight concrete of different designation. Obsidian is expanded at temperature of 1050-1150°C. The lowest average density of 200-350 kg/m3 (in a piece) is obtained at thermal processing of obsidian with the coarseness from 5 to 20mm and the duration of 3-10 minutes. On the basis of expanded obsidian heat-insulating and acoustic materials can be developed: lightweight and cell concrete and plastering with cement and gypsum.
Non-Markovian processes in cement systems
Authors: Sarkisov Yu S , Naumova L B , Gorlenko N P , Debelova N N
Published: October 2020

Non-Markovian processes occur in nature in the form of the structural organization laws of space-time objects at different scale levels. Non-Markovian processes preserve the memory of the past state of the system, and its further evolution is largely predetermined by information about previous stages of development. This is typical for solid-phase processes, ceramics, metals and alloys, water and aqueous solutions, and other inorganic objects. Non-Markovian process indicators are the natural harmony numbers, Fibonacci numbers and golden ratio. The paper presents evidence of non-Markovian process occurred in cement systems. It is shown that during the formation of the fine-grained crystalline structure the cement system is capable to produce such elements and generate a low-frequency current, which simulates the intensity and duration of the processes. It is shown that the active phase of self-organization in cement systems is of temporary nature as the energy from outside sources is limited.
Monitoring alumina content in cryolite-alumina melt
Authors: Suzdaltsev A V , Nikolaev A Yu , Pavlenko O B , Zaikov Yu P
Published: October 2020

Alumina content in electrolysis cells for aluminum production is one of the most important and poorly controlled parameters. The alumina is delivered to the cell by means of an alumina automatic feeding system, adjusted to the amperage or to the voltage alteration. However, a change in the alumina content in the cryolite-alumina melt depends not only on the current; and the voltage is not a parameter that responds only to the alumina amount in the melt. In order to check the current value of alumina content as well as the dissolution of alumina in industrial electrolytes (NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2O3), a novel electrochemical sensor was proposed. It was comprised of a carbon working electrode and a counter electrode interacting with aluminum. The sensor was easy to manufacture, and it allowed reducing the measurement error associated with back reactions at the working electrode. The novel approach was considered on an ex-ample of dissolving the alumina in the NaF-AlF3-(5 wt%)CaF2 melt ([NaF]/[AlF3] = 2.1 mol/mol) containing alumina (Al2O3) in amount of 0.69-4.51 wt% at 970 °C in conditions of natural and forced convection. It was found that the alumina solubility in the studied melt was 4.51 wt%. Depending on the initial content of alumina in the melt and convection conditions, its dissolution rate varied up to 0.36 mol/s·m3.
Research of properties of zinc-iron coating when restoring places of indigenous supports of engines of transport and technological machines
Authors: Eltoshkina E V , Ilyin P I , Rozhkov D M , Svirbutovich O A
Published: October 2020

This article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the relationship between electrolysis modes and the properties of electroplated coatings, which are used in mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the electrolytic process, described by a system of ordinary differential equations due to the complex relationship between the kinetics of chemical reactions, hydrodynamics and mass transfer in the electrolyte stream, the kinematics of electrode plates, as well as the influence on all these processes of the electric field of the pair “anode-cathode”. At the same time, a series of field experiments to restore the seats of the main bearings of the cylinder blocks with galvanic coatings served as the experimental base. The final result of this study is the procedure for constructing an optimal resource-saving mode of deposition of galvanic coatings, which are a zinc-iron alloy.
Influence of losses in steel on the specific values of field regulated reluctance machines and traction electric drive control system
Authors: Semenova M S , Zhuravleva L A
Published: October 2020

The article considers the influence of losses in steel of Field Regulated Reluctance Machine (FRRM) on its specific values and the electric drive control system. Two methods of their determination are analyzed: analytical and field. The second method is preferable, since it requires less information about the properties of materials with the same accuracy in determining losses. It is shown that losses in steel shift the optimal control angle of the stator current vector towards the q-axis of the electric machine. The angle offset when the load is increased to three times is 5 electrical degrees. It is shown that when the load current increases, the losses in steel to eddy currents and hysteresis are equally dependent on induction. With three times the load, losses increase by 60%. As the speed increases, the eddy current losses from the current increase squared, and the hysteresis losses are almost linear. This indicates a different degree of dependence of the loss components on the speed. Regression dependences of losses on the load current and speed of FRRM are given.
Multisystemic damage to mitochondrial ultrastucture as an integral measure of the comparative in vivo cytotoxicity of metallic nanoparticles
Authors: Sutunkova M P , Minigalieva I A , Panov V G , Riabova Iu V , Shur V Ya , Zubarev I V , Shishkina E V , Privalova L I , Katsnelson B A
Published: October 2020

Vehicles emissions of nanoparticles is a one of the major threat to humans in the modern conditions. Subchronic intoxication was induced in outbred male rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections of lead oxide, zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles separately, or in three binary combinations, or in the full triple combination. Based on electron microscopy results, this paper considers the usefulness, feasibility and informativity of an approach based on a generalized semi-quantitative assessment of toxic damage to mitochondria in various organs using partial or complete destruction of cristae as an index of damage. The adequacy of such assessment is confirmed by its consistency with the previously published data on the relative and combined toxicity of nanoparticles of the above species and high protective efficacy of a complex of bioprotectors estimated by a great number of functional and optical-microscopy morphometric indices.
Improving the working process of a modernized transportable drum mixer
Authors: Fudin K , Teryushkov V , Savinykh P , Konovalov V , Chupshev A
Published: October 2020

The aim of the research was to increase the efficiency of the modernized (by replacing the blades) transportable drum mixer by intensifying the mixing stroke by improving its design and optimizing the mixing time of the components. The research methodology provided for a regression analysis of experimental results to establish the function of the influence of the mixing duration on the coefficient of variation. The best quality of the mixture is observed in the mixing time interval of 60-300 sec, with an optimum of about 120-140 sec. The average value of the coefficient of variation in this case corresponded to 10.9%. Due to the inconsistency of the results of a one-stage mixing with technological requirements for the quality of the mixture, the function for a two-stage mixing is justified. The optimum ratio of the pre-mix filler to the control component is about 4. The mixing time of the second mixing stage should correspond to 180 seconds. Moreover, the unevenness of the mixture (10%) meets the technological requirements. Compared to the typical design of the mixer used, a 7% improvement in the quality of the mixture is observed.
Strength characteristics and effectiveness of Scotchkote® 2400 liner used for rehabilitation of utility potable water transport pipelines
Authors: Primin Oleg
Published: October 2020

The article considers the problem of potable water transport pipelines rehabilitation. The article analyzes the results of the experiments for determining the strength characteristics of Scotchkote® 2400 protective corrosion resistant coating of pipes, that were carried out in the laboratory of the Water Supply and Sanitation Department of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering with Instron 3345 electromechanical tensile testing machine. The effectiveness of Scotchkote® 2400 liner relative to restoring and improving the strength and hydraulic characteristics of worn water pipelines. The author comes to the conclusion that Scotchkote® 2400 liner is a substantial alternative to cement-sand and other internal coatings, since in many respects it surpasses them owing to the ability of colmatage sealing of large diameter holes; high wear resistance; smooth surface; ability to endure high hydraulic pressures. The coating does not overlap service connections and only slightly reduces the diameter of the restored pipelines. Based on the conducted research the characteristics of Scotchkote® 2400 liner spraying technology are presented compared to the basic methods of trenchless pipeline reconstruction. Mathematical processing of the results of experimental studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of Scotchkote® 2400 liner is given. As a result of the studies, the calculated values of the protective coating thicknesses for partially worn and worn out pipelines have been obtained and recommended.
Electrical control scheme of the machine for isolation of toxic ergot from rye grain
Authors: Saitov Viktor , Gataullin Rinat , Saitov Aleksey
Published: October 2020

The grain heap contains, in addition to high-grade grain, various impurities, which include ergot toxic sclerotia. Poisonous ergot sclerotia most often affects rye grains. The duration of flowering and the structural features of its flowers explain the strong susceptibility of rye to ergot. The use of various machines for cleaning grain does not give positive results in the isolation of toxic ergot from rye grain due to the proximity of its properties and the properties of the crop being cleaned. Purification of seeds from ergot sclerotia, having a density lower than the density of rye grain, is possible in an aqueous solution of salt. To mechanize the release of ergot from rye grain by density in an aqueous salt solution, the development of an appropriate device is an urgent issue. When creating a machine for the allocation of toxic ergot, simple in design and maintenance, the question arises of developing an electrical circuit for controlling the working bodies. To drive the working bodies of such a machine, a simple single-phase electrical circuit for controlling a three-phase electric motor has been developed. The developed electrical control circuit made it possible to ensure reliable and trouble-free operation of the electric drive of the working bodies of the machine for the extraction of toxic ergot from rye grain during experimental studies. The installation of the control circuit has an electrically safe design, convenient for operation, and the protection elements of the circuit exclude a person from electric shock and fire.
Features of GIS application in agriculture and logistics
Authors: Sangirova Umida R , Yunusov Iskandar O , Ahmedov Ulugbek K , Namozov Jurabek A , Dustmurodov Ganiboy G , Khakimov Rashid
Published: October 2020

GIS - geographic information systems is a product of modern technology, designed for visualization and analysis of everything around us, also for the storage and analysis of data. The agricultural sector, where the key link is land, has a connection with geographic visualization, namely, there is a need to compile maps to promote transport and analyze them. Before the introduction of GIS, tables, plans and schemes provided on paper were used. In this case, it was hard to reconcile all the data with each other, and in case of a change in an indicator, it was necessary to redo everything all over again. In maps created with the help of GIS along the land itself, there are such layers as rivers, roads, settlements and much more. It all depends on the quantity and characteristics of the data provided. Using just an ordinary electronic map of the area, with the help of data, you can create a blank map, topographic or thematic map. GIS is becoming an increasingly integral part of our lives and agriculture. For an ordinary farmer, for example, there are many advantages of GIS. One of these advantages is that, when buying or renting a land plot, he can look at the electronic map in the cadastral offices, which will take into account the location of the plot, the location of passing channels, soil structure and so on. The second advantage is that the map will show all the advantages and disadvantages of the site, such as soil quality, climatic conditions, this will lead to the correct selection and distribution of crop rotation, which will help reduce the cost of fertilizers, machinery and labor. All these aspects are described in more detail in the article.
The special place of walnuts in the world market and their transportation (case study of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Sangirova Umida , Khafizova Zulfiya , Kurbanova Durdona , Rakhmonova Barno , Kadirkhodjaeva Farida
Published: October 2020

Interest in nuts has never faded, and with it grew interest in the transportation and transportation of dried fruits. In recent years, the nut has become an engine of the economy. Walnut crops are popular all over the world, in connection with this there is an increasing need for proper transportation, delivery of nuts to the consumer, without losing their taste. The topicality of the article is based on the interest of the nut industry in many countries, including the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article reveals the current state of nut plantations in Uzbekistan, the ongoing reforms in this industry and their results. The nut business is analyzed, recommendations on obtaining the maximum profit with the minimum losses are given.
Improving the thermal efficiency in heat exchangers of transport vehicles
Authors: Haibullina A I , Hayrullin A R , Ilyin V K , Savelyeva A D
Published: October 2020

The heat exchangers are widely used in the cooling and heating system of transport vehicles. Therefore, enhancement of thermal efficiency of heat exchangers can lead to energy savings of transport vehicles. To increase the efficiency of heat transfer equipment, different methods of enhancement of heat transfer are widely used. However, when methods of enhancement of heat transfer employed, hydraulic resistance also increases. Thus, to evaluate the effectiveness of the method of enhancement of heat transfer, thermal efficiency is used. In this paper, we consider the effect of tube pitch with a different configuration of tube bundles on the thermal efficiency of enhancement of heat transfer by pulsating flows. Results obtained for four typical tube array arrangements (triangular staggered, rotated triangular staggered, rotated square staggered, square inline). The tube pitch ratio of the tube bundle was 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75. Results presented the effect of pulsations in tube bundles on the thermal performance ratio at the same Reynolds numbers and thermal performance ratio at the same power required for pumping the coolant in steady and pulsating flow. It is found that the change in tube pitch has a different effect when the thermal performance ratio was evaluated with the same Reynolds number and at the same power required for pumping. With an increase in tube pitch, the thermal performance ratio at the same Reynolds numbers can either decrease or increase depending on the tube array arrangements and parameters of the pulsating flow. Higher values on the thermal performance ratio at the same Reynolds numbers and at the same power are mainly observed for the square inline array, which may change depending on the tube pitch and parameters of the pulsating flow. The maximum value of the thermal performance ratio at the same Reynolds numbers was 0.623 at the tube pitch of 1.25 and square inline array. The maximum value of the thermal performance ratio at the same power was 1.92 for tube pitch of 1.75 and square inline array.
The logistics approach to perspectives for the digital technologies in Russia
Authors: Barykin S , Shamina L
Published: October 2020

Financial technologies (fintech mechanism), along with regulatory technologies (RegTech mechanism), being innovative socio-economic phenomena dynamically developing both abroad and in domestic conditions, can be considered as financial and information categories arising from the formation of needs of the financial market in adaptation mechanisms to the conditions of the new technological order of Industry 4.0. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of digital finance in the domestic financial system in the context of the digitalization of the economy and the directions of development of legal regulation of modern financial technologies. As a result of the study, prospects for the further development of the FinTech and RegTech mechanisms in the Russian economy were identified, taking into account the features and prospects of the development of the FinTech and RegTech mechanisms in Russia. It was shown that the digital financial cube can be expanded by including a new characteristic of digital assets, reflecting the degree of openness of industrial enterprises in the new technological structure of Industry 4.0. As a result, it could be predicted the interpenetration of both technologies of the financial sector of the Finnet direction and BIM technologies of the Technet direction with those technologies being different in their nature. Fintech mechanism could be treated as an effective instrument for managing the financial resources from the point of view of the logistics methodology. With the purpose of the logistics theory being the development of methods and models of effective distributing the financial flows, the logistics approach to managing the financial resources considers the calculation of expenditures caused by financial decisions regarding the investments, debts, deposits and especially operational activities. The main problem of logistics approach relates to the assessment of interconnection between the material resources flow and cashflow. However, the digital financial technologies enable to make various appraisals being immanent part of logistics models.
Cross Docking as a factor of Distribution Efficiencies Improving in conditions of Governance Digitalization
Authors: Dudukalov Egor V. , Imtiaz Subhani Muhammad , Ushakov Denis
Published: October 2020

This paper is an attempt to investigate the impact of cross docking on transportation and distribution efficiencies, while focusing on role of cross docking to reduce warehousing cost. 1073 Respondents from the logistic industry were selected through restricted probability sampling, for crawling the perceptions/responses on the proposition of this research while the 1000 responses were filtered and recorded for evaluating the hypotheses and extracting the empirical findings on the impact of cross docking on improving distribution efficiencies and reducing warehousing cost. The responses to gauge the propositions / hypotheses of the study were collected from the respondents belong to logistic industry from four major Asian countries including China, Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka, while, the respondents were contacted through their LinkedIn and Facebook profiles. The findings confirmed that 1% improvement in cross docking reduces 32.4% warehousing cost and improves 35.6% distributions efficiencies significantly.