bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСВІТНЬО-НАУКОВОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОЇ СПРАВИ
Authors: Бурак В. Г.
Published: June 2021

У статті представлено численні дослідження українських науковців щодо професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців через створення відповідного освітнього середовища. Розглянуто визначення дефініцій «освітнє середовище», «освітньо-наукове середовище», «психологічно безпечне освітньо-наукове середовище», «інклюзивне освітнє середовище», «інформаційно-освітнє середовище в умовах дистанційної освіти», «хмаро орієнтоване середовище». Освітньо-наукове середовище професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців готельно-ресторанної справи потрактуємо як природну або цілеспрямовано створену сферу навчально-пізнавальної діяльності науково-педагогічних працівників та здобувачів освіти, пов’язану з розвитком матеріально-технічної, освітньо-наукової та комунікативної складових, зорієнтовану на цілеспрямовану організацію та трансформацію фахової підготовки через формування змісту і засобів освіти для забезпечення ефективного освітнього процесу, освітнього розвитку особистості, забезпечення педагогічних умов, функціонування системи взаємин сторін, поєднаних спільною педагогічною та навчальною діяльністю. До структури освітньо-наукового середовища професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців готельно-ресторанної справи входять такі складові: студентоцентрованість, безпечність, інклюзивність, психолого-юридична відповідність, цифровізація, інноваційність, універсальність. Здійснений аналіз основних викликів зовнішнього середовища та їхнього впливу на трансформацію професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців готельно-ресторанної справи через формування й модернізацію освітнього середовища уможливив формулювання практичних висновків, пропозицій: необхідність модернізації баз практик студентів, забезпечення викладання фахових дисциплін авторитетними практиками; підвищення рівня цифрової компетентності викладачів та студентів; забезпечення здійснення освітнього процесу відповідним технічним обладнанням; засвоєння знань про підтримку роботи сайту та безпеку роботи в мережі; покращення алгоритму працевлаштування.
ЦИФРОВА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ МОРСЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ УНАСЛІДОК ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19
Authors: Корх М. В.
Published: June 2021

У статті розкривається питання діджиталізації освітнього процесу в закладах вищої морської освіти унаслідок переходу на дистанційне навчання в умовах пандемії COVID-19. Зауважено, що сьогодні процес цифрової трансформації вищої морської освіти є актуальною проблемою, що, у свою чергу, вимагає визначення оптимальної системи організації навчання в системі дистанційного і змішаного навчання, а також трансформації системи управління закладом освіти у таку, що здатна пристосуватися до модифікацій унаслідок цифровізації.Наголошено, що необхідність цифрової трансформації освіти і науки розглядається на законодавчому рівні і визначається однією з ключових цілей Міністерства освіти і науки на 2021 рік.Проаналізовано основну структуру системи інформаційної педагогічної інфраструктури закладу морської освіти на основі кращих надбань сучасних закладів морської освіти України. Визначено, що у закладах морської освіти дистанційне та змішане навчання відбувається переважно з використанням системи дистанційного навчання LMS Moodle, що поєднує в собі засоби адміністрування, розробки навчальних матеріалів, їх супроводу, оцінювання та забезпечення комунікації. Наведено типову структуру курсу, яка, крім базованих, може включати інтерактивні елементи та інформаційно-цифрові засоби з використанням симуляційних технологій: моделі-муляжі, тренажери віртуальної реальності, манекени-імітатори та ін.Зроблено висновок, що успішна реалізація змішаного навчання в системі морської освіти сьогодні передбачає інтеграцію очного навчання із застосуванням віртуальної та доповненої реальності, симуляторів, спеціальних програмних засобів, мультимедійних додатків, онлайн-сервісів та дистанційного навчання за допомогою LMS Moodle (або іншої системи дистанційного навчання). Поєднання різних технологій для формування професійних компетентностей фахівців морської галузі дозволяє ефективно засвоїти знання, сформувати необхідні вміння за допомогою тренажерів та симуляторів і, таким чином, має високий економічний ефект та результативність навчання.
Characteristics of Muscle Work in Track and Field Athletes with Intellectual Disability, Hearing Impairment and Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Eremushkin Mikhail А. , Berdyugin Kirill А. , Fedulova Daria V.
Published: June 2021

In persons with disabilities, the underlying impairment affects the functioning of other organs and systems. Special attention is drawn to athletes of adaptive sports, in particular, the main impairment influence to the work of the musculoskeletal system, and, accordingly, the sports result. Is it possible to correct and change training programs, knowing the peculiarities of muscles work of various nosological groups athletes.
Aim. To analyze the work of the musculoskeletal system in athletes with intellectual disability, hearing impairment and cerebral palsy.
Material and methods. The study was carried out on the multifunctional simulator Humac Norm on the basis of the State Autonomous Institution “Sports Adaptive School”of the Sverdlovsk region. It was attended by 21 athletes aged from 16 to 22 years: with intellectual impairment of the slight mental retardation degree (n = 7: 1 m., 6 days), with infantile cerebral palsy in the form of spastic hemiparesis (n = 7: 4 m., 3 days), athletes with hearing impairment (n = 10: 7 m., 3 days) with congenital deafness (n = 3) and 3-4 degree hearing loss (n = 7). the athletes underwent testing of the lower extremities muscles, in particular, the muscles of the anterior and posterior thigh surfaces; internal and external lower leg muscles in concentric (overcoming) and eccentric (yielding) modes of muscle work. The muscles of the anterior and posterior thighs were tested in the sitting position at angular velocity of 45 degrees/s on a simulator. The internal and external muscles of the lower leg were tested in the reclining position with a fixed knee joint, at the angular velocity on the simulator of 30 degrees/s. The result was evaluated 15 times for performing a given movement in concentric and eccentric modes and the average values of the general muscle working capacity were revealed.
Results. When analyzing the results, it was revealed that athletes with cerebral palsy and hearing impairment have interaction in muscle work. Thus, the weakness of the front thigh part muscles corresponds to or entails the weakness of the lower leg external muscles. Hypotension of the posterior thigh surface muscles entails (or is a consequence of) weakness of the lower leg internal muscles. In athletes with intellectual disabilities, there is no clear interaction in muscle work. In different athletes, asymmetry is detected in completely different indicators, which may be associated with incomplete understanding of the attitudes to test performance or with the overlap syndrome presence.
Conclusion. The athletes’ testing revealed the muscle work imbalance and asymmetry. A greater deficit was observed in the concentric mode of work in athletes with intellectual disability and cerebral palsy. The calf muscles need to be worked out in athletes of all nosological groups.
Prevention of Postradiational Disorders in the Testes of Rats with the use of Magnetic Field
Authors: Korolev Yuri N. , Nikulina Lyudmila A. , Mikhailik Lyubov V.
Published: June 2021

The action effects of the low-intensity low-frequency magnetic field (LMF) are mainly studied in its therapeutic use and to a much lesser extent in the mode of primary prevention.
Aim. To identify adaptive metabolic and ultrastructural changes in the testes of rats under the preventive action of LMF under radiation conditions.
Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 28 mature non-linear male rats weighing 180-200 g. the animals were divided into 3 groups: in the experimental group, the animals received a course of LMF procedures followed by radiation exposure; in the control group, the animals were subjected only to radiation exposure; in the intact group, the animals were not exposed to any effects. The animals were slaughtered the day after the radiation exposure. the research methods were used: biochemical (to determine the content of RNA, DNA, antioxidant activity of the testes), light – optical (to count the number of convoluted seminiferous tubule – CST, exfoliated cells, spermatogonia, to determine the index of spermatogenesis); transmission electron microscopy; morphometric analysis of mitochondria (number, average and total area).
Results. The preventive effect of LMF enhanced the adaptive capabilities of the body and increased the resistance of the testes to the effects of radiation. This was manifested in an increase in the power of the antioxidant system, activation oof the cellular and intracellular regeneration processes, and a decrease in the permeability of the structures of the CST’s own shell.
Conclusion. The obtained data substantiate the possibility of using LMF as a means of protecting the organs of the reproductive system in the complex prevention of the body under the influence of radiation.
Influence of the Exoskeleton Training Course on the Energy Parameters of Walking in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Petrushanskaya Kira A. , Kotov Sergey V. , Pismennaya Elena V. , Lizhdvoy Victoria Ju. , Dotsenko Vladimir I.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To identify the features of changes in the energy parameters of walking in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their correction under the influence of the of the exoskeleton training course.
Material and methods. Authors of this article investigated electrical activity of two symmetrical thigh muscles – both m. rectus femoris and both m. biceps femoris during walking at different cadences – the slowest one, slow, decelerated, voluntary and fast in 3 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition to these parameters, the energy parameters of walking were also studied, namely, the average electrical activity of the muscles, equivalent to the power of the muscles, and the total integral for 10 m of the path, equivalent to the work of the muscles, taking into account both the pace and the length of the step.
Results. The authors revealed the characteristic features of the energy parameters of walking in patients with multiple sclerosis, namely, a very slight increase in muscle power with an increase of walking velovity and the absence of the parabola second branch in the curve of the total integral for the distance of 10 m. On the basis of the received data authors make conclusion, that rezonance pnenomena are considerably diminished in patients with MS. The training exoskeleton walking method was developed, which includes the total training time, net walking time (walking time without rest), speed, pace and step length when walking in an exoskeleton, the number of steps taken by patients during the session and for the entire course. Remarkable improvement of the innervative structure of walking takes place after the course of training in the exoskeleton, that is revealed in considerable activity maximuma growth and in a number of cases – in apperance of these maxima, in concentration of these maxima in the locomotor cycle adequate phases, in appearance of the second maximum of activity in rectus femoris muscle and biceps femoris muscle in the swing phase of the locomotor cycle.
Conclusion. All these positive changes were accompanied by an increase in the random walking speed and remarkable improvement of the energy walking parameters, namely, by considerable increase of the average electrical muscle activity and appearance of two parabola branches in the curve of the summary integral for the distance of 10 m, what points to appearance of the rezonance phenomena during walking in this patient.
Constraining the Neutron Star Mass–Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER. III. Model Description and Verification of Parameter Estimation Codes
Authors: Bogdanov Slavko , Dittmann Alexander J. , Ho Wynn C. G. , Lamb Frederick K. , Mahmoodifar Simin , Miller M. Coleman , Morsink Sharon M. , Riley Thomas E. , Strohmayer Tod E. , Watts Anna L. , Choudhury Devarshi , Guillot Sebastien , Harding Alice K. , Ray Paul S. , Wadiasingh Zorawar , Wolff Michael T. , Markwardt Craig B. , Arzoumanian Zaven , Gendreau Keith C.
Published: June 2021

We describe the X-ray pulse profile models we use and how we use them to analyze Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) observations of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars to obtain information about the mass–radius relation of neutron stars and the equation of state of the dense matter in their cores. Here we detail our modeling of the observed profile of PSR J0030+0451 that we analyzed in Miller et al. and Riley et al. and describe a cross-verification of computations of the pulse profiles of a star with R/M 3, in case stars this compact need to be considered in future analyses. We also present our early cross-verification efforts of the parameter estimation procedures used by Miller et al. and Riley et al. by analyzing two distinct synthetic data sets. Both codes yielded credible regions in the mass–radius plane that are statistically consistent with one another, and both gave posterior distributions for model parameter values consistent with the values that were used to generate the data. We also summarize the additional tests of the parameter estimation procedure of Miller et al. that used synthetic pulse profiles and the NICER pulse profile of PSR J0030+0451. We then illustrate how the precision of mass and radius estimates depends on the pulsar’s spin rate and the size of its hot spot by analyzing four different synthetic pulse profiles. Finally, we assess possible sources of systematic error in the estimates made using this technique, some of which may warrant further investigation.
The Decreasing of Homeostatic Model Assessment – Insulin Resistance Levels after Given Coffee Arabica Gayo Leaf Extract (Coffea arabica L.) to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats
Authors: Martina Sake Juli , Lelo Aznan , Lindarto Dharma , Ganie Ratna Akbari , Ichwan Muhammad , Yusuf Hanifah , Ilyas Syafruddin , Nasution Iqbal Pahlevi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase with currently more than 463 million people in the world live with DM. One of the causes of Type 2 DM (T2DM) is insulin resistance. Determining laboratory-based tests for early identification of T2DM is important. One of the tests developed was the detection of homeostatic model assessment – insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels.

AIM: Using chlorogenic acid found in coffee leaves as antidiabetic agent for alternative treatments in DM, this research is conducted to understand the effect of Coffee Arabica Gayo Leaf Extract (Coffea arabica L.) in decreasing HOMA-IR levels in T2DM rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) had T2DM induced using a combination of feeding a high-fat diet for 5 weeks followed by multiple intraperitoneal injections of low-dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kgBW), divided into 7 groups (2 groups that did not receive treatment [K1 and K3] and 5 groups that received treatment [K2, K4, K5, K6, K7]). The extract was administered with dosage 150, 200, and 250 mg/kgBW/day through a nasogastric tube for 30 days. Then, the HOMA-IR value will be obtained by multiplying fasting plasma insulin by fasting plasma glucose, then divide by a constant of 22.5.

RESULTS: The study showed a significant difference before and after treatment, p value was < 0.05, which a decrease HOMA-IR levels (p = 0.002) after given Coffee Arabica Gayo Leaf Extract at 200 and 250 mg/kgBW/day to Wistar rats for 30 days. The decrease HOMA-IR levels are greater than The T2DM group that received metformin and group without treatment.

CONCLUSION: Coffee Arabica Gayo Leaf Extract can significantly decrease HOMA-IR levels at a dose of 200 and 250 mg/kgBW. The decrease of HOMA-IR levels is greater than The T2DM group that received metformin and group without treatment.
The Effectiveness of Training on Improving the Ability of Health Cadres in Early Detection of Stunting in Toddlers
Authors: Tampake Rina , Arianty Ros , Mangundap Selvi A . , Emy Baiq , Sasmita Hanum
Published: June 2021

AIM: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of training in improving health cadres’ ability in early detection and risk factors of stunting in toddlers.
METHODS: The research method used was a quasi-experimental non-randomized pre- and post-test only control design. The independent variable was cadre training. The training was conducted through learning activities on health cadres using lecture method, question and answer method, and brainstorming accompanied by training booklets/modules and demonstrations. The dependent variable was knowledge, attitudes, and skills in detecting stunting and risk factors for stunting in children under-five. There were 53 health cadres as samples scattered in the Tomini Community Health Center with the purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used was a parametric statistical paired sample t-test.
RESULTS: Training of health cadres effectively increased health cadres’ ability to detect stunting and risk factors for stunting in children under-five. The different test results for each variable that showed the pre-post-test p-value for knowledge, attitudes, and health cadres’ skills were 0.000, smaller than the significance level of 0.05 (p < 0.05). Besides, the mean score of each variable obtained after training for health cadres was more significant than before training, including knowledge 17.392 >12.264, attitudes 33.603 >27.226, and skills 90.019 >62113. Those are means that cadres’ training effectively increased the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of health cadres in detecting stunting and risk factors for stunting in children under-five.
CONCLUSION: Training of health cadres effectively increases the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of health cadres about early detection and risk factors of stunting in the working area of Tomini Public Health Centre, Parigi Moutong Regency.
Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in Premature Hair Graying at Young Age
Authors: Anggraini Dwi Rita , Feriyawati Lita , Sitorus Mega Sari , Daulay Milahayati
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Gray hair is a physiological process of aging that occurs in everyone. Premature hair graying (PHG) is the term when early hair gray at an unusual age. The causes of PHG are multifactorial, genetic, nutritional, and environmental, including oxidative stress. Free radicals caused interference with cellular responses that cause direct damage to various proteins and DNA in the long term. The body’s defense mechanisms likely antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was activated against free radicals.

AIM: We aimed to evaluate markers of oxidative stress and associated with severe graying at young age.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited consecutive 40 respondents with PHG and healthy controls, male sex and aged <25 years. The severe graying was graded with total of gray hair. The serum samples were collected to detect oxidative stress markers through malondialdehyde (MDA), SOD, catalase, and GPx measurement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTS: Serum MDA concentration was higher but not significantly (p > 0.05), while serum SOD, catalase, and GPx level, indicators of antioxidant were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.017 and p < 0.001, respectively) in PHG compared to controls. The correlation between oxidative stress and graying severity was not significant (p > 0.05), but the association between onset and severity of graying was significant (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Respondents with PHG had increased of pro-oxidants and decreased of antioxidants compared than controls. The severity of graying is equivalent to the level of oxidative stress. The supplement of antioxidants is likely recommended in PHG.
Refining sampling protocols for cavefishes and cave crayfishes to account for environmental variation
Authors: Mouser Joshua B. , Brewer Shannon K. , Niemiller Matthew L. , Mollenhauer Robert , Van Den Bussche Ronald A.
Published: June 2021

Subterranean habitats represent focal habitats in many conservation strategies; however, these environments are some of the most difficult to sample. New sampling methods, such as environmental DNA (eDNA), show promise to improve stygobiont detection, but sources of sampling bias are poorly understood. Therefore, we determined the factors affecting detection probability using traditional visual surveys and eDNA surveys for both cavefishes and cave crayfishes and demonstrated how detection affects survey efforts for these taxa. We sampled 40 sites (179 visual and 183 eDNA surveys) across the Ozark Highlands ecoregion. We estimated the detection probability of cave crayfishes and cavefishes using both survey methods under varying environmental conditions. The effectiveness of eDNA or visual surveys varied by environmental conditions (i.e., water volume, prevailing substrate, and water velocity) and the target taxa. When sampling in areas with average water velocity, no flow, and coarse substrate, eDNA surveys had a higher detection probability (0.49) than visual surveys (0.35) for cavefishes and visual surveys (0.67) had a higher detection probability than eDNA surveys (0.40) for cave crayfishes. Under the same sampling conditions, 5 visual surveys compared to 10 eDNA surveys would be needed to confidently detect cave crayfishes and 9 visual surveys compared to 4 eDNA surveys for cavefishes. Environmental DNA is a complementary tool to traditional visual surveys; however, the limitations we identified indicate eDNA currently cannot replace visual surveys in subterranean environments. Although sampling designs that account for imperfect sampling are particularly useful, they may not be practical; thus, increasing sampling efforts to offset known detection bias would benefit conservation strategies.
Host-parasite associations in a population of the nectarivorous bat Anoura geoffroyi (Phyllostomidae) in a cave in a Brazilian ferruginous geosystem
Authors: Vidal Luísa Lauren Lima , Bernardi Leopoldo Ferreira Oliveira , Talamoni Sonia Aparecida
Published: June 2021

Parasitic relationships between Neotropical bats and their ectoparasites are not well known, even though parasitism is one of the factors that can affect the fitness of a host population. This study characterized parasite-host relationships in relation to sex, age, body size and reproductive status in a population of Anoura geoffroyi using the indices of Prevalence, Mean Intensity and Mean Abundance. Total prevalence for 93 sampled bats was 94.6%. Two species of streblid flies that are considered primary parasites of A. geoffroyi, Exastinion clovisi (n = 203) and Anastrebla modestini (n = 152), were the most abundant ectoparasites, followed by Trichobius sp. (n = 7). Two mite species, Periglischrus vargasi (Spinturnicidae) (n = 98) and Spelaeorhynchus praecursor (Spelaeorhynchidae) (n = 11), were also found. We recorded higher mean abundance and intensity of parasitism in pregnant females compared to reproductive males and reproductively inactive females, for different specific associations of ectoparasites. Host age and body condition had no effect on the parasitological indices. Even with high rates of parasitism, parasitic load did not influence host body condition, but infestation rates by mites were higher in reproductive males and higher by flies in reproductive females, showing that ectoparasites can have variable influences between the different stages of the life history of these host bats. Thus, the reproductive activity of the hosts could be an adverse factor for resistance to parasite infestations.
On the Calderon-Zygmund property of Riesz-transform type operators arising in nonlocal equations
Authors: Yeepo Sasikarn , Lewkeeratiyutkul Wicharn , Khomrutai Sujin , Schikorra Armin
Published: June 2021

We show that the operator

   \begin{document}$ T_{K,s_1,s_2}f({z_1}) : = \int_{ \mathbb{R}^n} A_{K,s_1,s_2}(z_1,z_2) f(z_2)\, dz_2 $\end{document}

is a Calderon-Zygmund operator. Here for \begin{document}$ K \in L^\infty( \mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n) $\end{document}, and \begin{document}$ s,s_1,s_2 \in (0,1) $\end{document} with \begin{document}$ s_1+s_2 = 2s $\end{document} we have

   \begin{document}$ \begin{align*} & A_{K,s_1,s_2}(z_1,z_2) \\ = &\!\int_{ \mathbb{R}^n}\!\! \int_{ \mathbb{R}^n}\!\! \frac{K(x,y)\! \left ({|x\!-\!z_1|^{s_1-n} \!-\!|y\!-\!z_1|^{s_1-n}} \right ) \!\left ({|x\!-\!z_2|^{s_2-n} \!-\!|y\!-\!z_2|^{s_2-n}} \right )}{|x\!-\!y|^{n+2s}} dx dy. \end{align*} $\end{document}

This operator is motivated by the recent work [12] where it appeared as analogue of the Riesz transforms for the equation

   \begin{document}$ \int_{ \mathbb{R}^n} \int_{ \mathbb{R}^n} \frac{K(x,y) (u(x)-u(y))\, (\varphi(x)-\varphi(y))}{|x-y|^{n+2s}}\, dx\, dy = f[\varphi]. $\end{document}
El corpus nuevo de los documentos en Lineal B de Pilo
Authors: Aura Jorro Francisco
Published: June 2021

Esta nota reseña la obra de L. Godart y A. Sacconi, Les archives du roi Nestor. Corpus des inscriptions en linéaire B de Pylos (Pisa-Roma, 2019-2020)1, edición nueva del corpus documental en lineal B encontrado, hasta la fecha, en el palacio micénico de Pilo (Mesenia). Cada documento, acompañado de su aparato crítico respectivo, se presenta en tres versiones: fotografía, facsímil y transcripción, al modo de las ediciones similares de Cnoso, de Tebas y de las inscripciones sobre vasos.
Places and Causes of Mismanaged Plastic Materials in the Life Cycle of Flexible Plastic Packaging Based on Mechanical Recycling Context
Authors: Hadengganan Munzir , Gabriel Djoko Sihono
Published: June 2021

Plastic waste has become a big issue in the world for its large amount of plastic waste in the sea. Most of the plastic waste is plastic packaging which consists of flexible and rigid plastic packaging. This research discusses flexible plastic packaging. Until now, most researches on the loss of plastic materials discuss how to manage plastic waste disposal once it has been used by community: only a few discuss production cycle: while none of them discusses flexible plastic packaging area. This research aims to examine the number of mismanaged materials throughout flexible plastic packaging life cycle using a combination of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). Based on the literature review, interviews and observations conducted by the author to all stakeholders in the life cycle of flexible plastic packaging, mismanagement of plastic material occurred in each cycle, mostly caused by quality degradation of flexible plastic that could cause plastic waste was not acceptable in the mechanical recycle. The results of this study show that: (1) mismanaged material occurred in all cycles throughout the life cycles of flexible plastic packaging, (2) quality degradation is the main caused of mismanaged material in several cycles, and (3) the mismanaged materials in the life cycle of flexible plastic packaging were 98.29%.
Effect of Cement Grouts Containing Irradiated Polyethylene Terephthalate on Properties of Semi-Flexible Mixtures
Authors: Khan Muhammad Imran , Wen Lim Shwe , Sutanto Muslich Hartadi , Napiah Madzlan Bin , Zoorob Salah Elias
Published: June 2021

The seme-flexible pavement surface is a hybrid type of pavement surface that combines the effect of both asphalt mix skeleton and cement grout. The current study investigates the influence of cement grouts containing irradiated waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on the performance of semi-flexible mixtures. The ordinary Portland cement was partially replaced by regular and irradiated PET as well as with fly ash (FA) in cement grouts. The air voids analysis, degree of grout saturation, Marshal stability, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and tensile strength ratio (TSR) of semi-flexible specimens were evaluated. The semi-flexible mixtures showed superior performance in terms of strength properties. The results indicate that with the irradiation process more waste PET (almost double) can be recycled as compared to regular waste PET in cement grouts for semi-flexible pavement surfaces. This approach will lead to a sustainable solution for recycling waste PET in highway materials for the construction of a hybrid type of pavement surface.
Optical Properties of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Elastomer Film
Authors: Liu Hong Yu , Wang Xiao Yan , Zang Xiang Yu , Tian Mei
Published: June 2021

A series of liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) films (ABC films) were prepared by polymerization of polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), liquid crystal (LC) monomer cholesterol 4-(allyloxy) benzoate (MB) and cross-linking agent 4'-(undec-10-enoyloxy)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl dodec-11-enoate (MC) . The chemical structures and LC properties of the monomers and polymers were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), polarized optical micrograph (POM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). MB is a cholesteric LC and MC is a smectic LC. The ABC films are cholesteric LCEs. The temperature at which 5% weight loss occurred for the ABC films are around 300 °C. The glass transition temperature of ABC films increases with the increase of LC monomer MB content. The ABC films have a strong absorption around 200-330nm in the ultraviolet (UV) region, and the absorption range does not change with temperature.
The respiratory rehabilitation Maugeri network service reconfiguration after 1 year of COVID-19
Authors: Vitacca Michele , Ceriana Piero , Balbi Bruno , Bruschi Claudio , Aliani Maria , Maniscalco Mauro , Fanfulla Francesco , Diasparra Aldo , Rizzello Luigino , Sereni Daniela , Spanevello Antonio
Published: June 2021

As part of the Italian Health Service the respiratory ICS Maugeri network were reconfigured and several in-hospital programs were suspended to be substituted by workforce and facilities reorganization for acute and post-acute COVID-19 care need. The present review shows the time course variation of respiratory ICS network in terms of admissions diagnosis and outcomes. A comparative review of the admissions and outcome measures data (anthropometric, admission diagnosis, provenience, comorbidities, disability, symptoms, effort tolerance, disease impact, length of stay and discharge destinations) over 1 year period (March 2020-March 2021) was undertaken and compared to retrospective data from a corresponding 1 year (March 2019-March 2020) period to determine the impact of the network relocation on the delivery of pulmonary specialist rehabilitation to patients with complex needs during the pandemic episode. One of the changes implemented at the respiratory Maugeri network was the relocation of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation units from its 351 beds base to a repurposed 247 beds and a reduction in total number of admitted patients (n=3912 in pre-COVID time; n=2089 in post COVID time). All respiratory diagnosis, except COVID sequelae, decreased (chronic respiratory failure-CRF, COPD, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome-OSAS, interstitial lung disease-ILD, tracheostomized patients and other mixed diseases decreased of 734, 705, 157, 87, 79 and 326 units respectively). During the pandemic time, 265 post COVID sequelae with CRF were admitted for rehabilitation (12.62%), % of patients coming from acute hospital increased, LOS and NIV use remained stable while CPAP indication decreased. Disease impact, dyspnea and effort tolerance as their improvements after rehabilitation, were similar in the two periods.  Only baseline disability, expressed by Barthel index, seems higher in the 2° observation time as its improvement. Hospital deaths and transfers to acute hospitals were higher during pandemic crisis while home destination decreased. This review demonstrated impact of coronavirus pandemic situation, specifically the relocation of the respiratory inpatient rehabilitation wards in a huge Italian network.
موقف ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه من جمع القرآن
Authors: د. نجلاء عبدالعزيز القاضي د. نجلاء عبدالعزيز القاضي
Published: June 2021

هذا البحث يهدف إلى معرفة معنى جمع القرآن في اللغة والاصطلاح العلمي وكذا المراد به عند العلماء، وتوثيق جهود الأوائل فيه، وبيان موقف الصحابي ابن مسعود منه، ومنهج البحث هو تتبع جهود الأوائل وتوثيقها، ثم التحقيق في موقف ابن مسعود من الجمع وعرض الشبه والرد عليها، متبعة في ذلك المنهج العلمي، مع عزو الآيات والأحاديث والحكم عليها ما أمكن، والتعريف بالمصطلحات الواردة. وقد خلصت إلى نتائج أهمها: أن كتابة القرآن مرت بثلاثة عصور اختلف فيها معنى الجمع والأسباب الباعثة عليه، فكان جمع أبي بكر هو الجمع بالمعنى الحقيقي، وجمع عثمان هو المعتمد، والتحقيق في موقف ابن مسعود من الجمع العثماني بالروايات الصحيحة، والرد على الشبه في هذا، فهو لم يغل مصحفه ولم يأمر بذلك، وإنما تمسك بقراءته فقط، ولم يرد عنه إثبات البسملة في أول براءة، كما شكك بعض العلماء بكونه لم يكتب الفاتحة وأجاب آخرون بأنه قصد بجمعه ما يخاف تفلته، وذهب العلماء في إنكاره للمعوذتين مذاهب أرجحها قبول الروايات مع التوجيه والاعتذار، ثم الاستناد إلى الأدلة القطعية برجوعه لرأي الجماعة في آخر الأمر.
تعقّبات جامع العلوم الباقولي للأخفش في شرحه لكتاب اللمع عرض ومناقشة
Authors: أ.د. إبراهيم بن سالم الصاعدي أ.د. إبراهيم بن سالم الصاعدي
Published: June 2021

يتناول البحث تعقّبات جامع العلوم الباقولي للأخفش في كتابه شرح اللمع، وبدأت البحث بتمهيد يشمل التعريف بالأخفش والباقولي بإيجاز؛ لكثرة الدّراسات عنهما، ثم بيّنت مفهوم التعقّبات، وبعد ذلك بدأت في دراسة تلك التعقّبات من خلال عشرة مباحث، عرضت في المبحث الأوّل: لإعراب "في" بمعنى "فم" إذا وقع غير مضافٍ، وتحدّثت في المبحث الثّاني عن رفع الفاعل بالجارّ والمجرور، ثم خصّصت المبحث الثالث لإعمال "لات" ، وتحدثت في المبحث الرّابع عن عامل النصب في المفعول معه، وأفردت المبحث الخامس للحديث عن العطف على معمولي عاملين، وخصصت المبحث السادس عن تقديم الحال على العامل فيها إذا كان ظرفاً ، ثم فصّلت القول في المبحث السّابع عن العامل في الصّفة، وبيان آراء النّحاة في ذلك، وفي المبحث الثّامن تحدّثت عن "أي" بين الصّفة والموصول، ثم عرضت في المبحث التّاسع لـ "ما" المصدرية بين الاسميّة والحرفية، ثم ختمت الحديث في المبحث العاشر عن معنى "ما" التّعجبية في " ما أفعله " ، وقد سرت في دراسة هذه المسائل على المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي التحليلي.ثم كانت الخاتمة التي ذكرت فيها أهم النتائج التي وقفت عليها في هذا البحث.
Towards Socially Just Literacy Teaching in Virtual Spaces
Authors: Isidro Elizabeth , Teichert Laura
Published: June 2021

This study inquires into preservice teachers’ teaching experiences within a virtual tutoring field experience in a literacy methods course. Our work is situated against the greater institutional and social-political context of a competency-based model in education and the Covid-19 pandemic that led to a shift to online instruction. From a social justice lens, we approach the research questions: What are undergraduate preservice teachers’ literacy teaching experiences in a newly-transformed-to-online literacy methods course? In what ways does a virtual tutoring field experience prepare preservice teachers towards socially just literacy teaching? By engaging in Narrative Inquiry, we unraveled preservice teachers’ experiences in facilitating literacy lessons that combine print-based and multimodal instruction, while learning about the specific tensions and questions that they confronted during the process. We realized that preservice teachers’ virtual teaching experiences develop towards more socially just teaching along the areas of knowledge, interpretive frames, teaching strategies, methods, skills, and advocacy and activism. We further found that this approach is a complex process characterized by the personal, contextual, and relational aspects of teaching.
Pareceristas desta edição
Authors: Albuquerque: revista de história Editores de
Published: June 2021

Documento em que constam as pessoas que colaboraram com este periódico nos pareceres dos manuscritos submetidos pelo sistema de avaliação dupla às cegas por pares (Double-Blind Peer Review).
Mineral oils in role of adjuvants in veterinary vaccines
Authors: Vretenar Špigelski Katja , Šandor Ksenija , Terzić Svjetlana , Fajdić Dominika , Žarković Irena , Sinković Sonja , Vujnović Ana , Perak Junaković Eleonora
Published: June 2021

U veterinarskoj medicini cjepiva imaju presudnu ulogu u očuvanju zdravlja životinja. Napretkom znanosti djelatne tvari u cjepivima nisu više samo cijeli mikroorganizmi (inaktivirani ili atenuirani), već se razvijaju cjepiva koja sadržavaju dijelove mikroorganizama (rekombinirani proteini ili sintetski peptidi) dobivena različitim naprednim tehnologijama. Na taj je način osiguran daleko veća neškodljivosti cjepiva, a njegova imunogenost nastoji postići dodatkom adjuvansa. Uz adjuvanse u obliku aluminijevih soli, a koji su u uporabi već desetljećima i prvi po zastupljenosti u veterinarskim cjepivima, značajni su i adjuvansi u obliku emulzija, a između ostalih i mineralna ulja. Negativna strana primjene mineralnih ulja može biti pojava lokalne reakcije na mjestu primjene. Ovakve promjene mogu u tovnih životinja utjecati na klaoničku vrijednost, a u izložbenih životinja prilikom natjecanja ili izložbi na ocjenu. Zbog navedenih lokalnih reakcija koje mogu izazvati i otežane primjene zbog viskoznosti, mineralna ulja nisu često korišteni adjuvans u cjepivima namijenjenim ljudima i kućnim ljubimcima, već se uglavnom koriste za cijepljenje farmskih životinja. Razvojem novih tehnologija u proizvodnji nastoji se umanjiti negativan utjecaj na životinje, kao i moguće reakcije u osoba koje primjenjuju takva cjepiva, stoga uputa za cjepivo koje sadržava mineralno ulje mora sadržavati upozorenje tijekom primjene o rizicima koji mogu nastati i upute postupanja u slučaju reakcije.
Relación entre variables socioeconómicas y tolerancia al riesgo financiero de inversionistas de Sonora, México
Authors: González-Vejar Roberto Luis , León-Balderrama Jorge Inés , Garibay-Escobar Sergio
Published: June 2021

El presente estudio es un diseño no experimental transversal comparativo que tuvo como objetivo asociar y comparar variables socioeconómicas y la tolerancia al riesgo financiero de inversionistas de las ciudades de Guaymas y Hermosillo, Sonora, México. A partir de un muestreo bola de nieve se seleccionaron a 147 inversionistas con patrimonio por encima de 7 millones de dólares. Por medio de consentimiento informado, se les aplicó un cuestionario de tolerancia al riesgo, horizonte de tiempo y objetivos financieros realizado a través de investigaciones sobre el tema de riesgos en las inversiones. Los resultados indicaron que la muestra seleccionada presenta niveles de bajos a moderados de tolerancia al riesgo. De igual manera se encontró que variables socio económicas, como el nivel de escolaridad, edad y patrimonio se relacionan con la tolerancia al riesgo. Los hallazgos del estudio son de particular relevancia para los asesores-planificadores financieros, las organizaciones profesionales y los reguladores de la industria.
Category “measure” in the theory of penal law
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, BAKULIN V.K.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the philosophical category “measure”, which due to its universality and comprehensiveness finds expression in law, since subjective law and legal obligation are always a measure of the possible or necessary behavior of the subjects of legal relations. The relationship of the category “measure” with the institutions of criminal and criminal procedural law is shown. The article examines the demonstrations of this category in the institutions of the penal law, which makes it possible to formulate the definition of a measure in the penal law and systematize the existing ones. There is revealed the need to change the subject of the penal law as a branch of law in connection with the empowerment of criminal executive inspectorates with the authority to implement measures of procedural coercion, provided for by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.
German sociological thought
Authors: Saghatelyan Sona
Published: June 2021

The book presents the history and theory of German sociology (XX- beginning of XXI). German sociological thought is summarized in ten chapters, in which the thinkers who have made a significant contribution to the formation and development of basic sociological knowledge are examined. Emphasis is made on the separation of sociological knowledge, the methodology of sociological cognition, the conceptualization of the subject of science, the perception of sociology The work is intended for professionals, students and all those interested in studying the history, theory and methodology of sociology.
Spanish in International Relations
Authors: Baghdasaryan Hasmik , Martirosyan Mary
Published: June 2021

The textbook is based on interdisciplinary teaching, which helps students to acquire, apply and integrate different knowledge, as well as to expand the horizons, to develop analytical and research skills. The textbook includes thematic texts on the state structure of Spain, various international organizations (EU, UN, OSCE, CIS, etc.), which aim not only to develop students’ vocabulary and translation skills, but also cross-cultural communication and cognitive awareness necessary for professional communication on the above-mentioned thematic areas. The textbook is intended for the courses "Spanish in International Relations", "Translation of Professional Texts", "Translation of Political-Social Texts", as well as for a wide range of students and readers interested in various issues of professional Spanish language.
Metamorphic Moment of the Indian Polity: Anatomizing the Evolution and Changing Dynamics of the Indian State against the Protean Nature of Cooperative Federalism
Authors:   Post-Graduate Student at the Department of International Relations, Jadavpur University, DL-230/5, Sector-II, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091, Guha Abhigyan
Published: June 2021

The elusive and paradoxical nature of Indian polity has been evident in the amalgamation of Western patterns of bureaucratic organization, participatory politics with indigenous practices and institutional framework that had an organic growth on the Indian soil. While post-colonial India was characterized by the incorporation of democratic political ethos and structural architecture, Westminster model of parliamentary government and representative legal institutions, it did not imply the exact replication of the British architectonic system of advanced industrial democracy. As the Indian political process is subjected to dramatic transmutations and cyclical changes, it has eventually acquired a mass character and vibrancy with the exuberant participation of marginalized and underprivileged political formations and social groups in the political arena, coupled with the regionalization of the polity, altering the terms of political domination and sowing the seeds of an increasingly complex mechanism of negotiation, competitive bargaining, alliance and coalition-building, in a cooperative federalist arrangement. The principle objective of this paper is to put an emphasis on the role of the Indian state, the transformation of Indian federalism and the political process, while holistically encapsulating the development and multidimensional patterns associated with the Indian political system, tracing the departure from the heyday of the Congress system and Nehruvian civic nationalism to the crystallization of a majoritarian edifice, propelled by Hindu Nationalism.
Boekbesprekings: J Grogan – Workplace Law
Authors: Van Staden MJ
Published: June 2021

None
The use of geospatial surveillance data for public-health emergency and disaster management in South Africa: a review with legal recommendations
Authors: Botes M
Published: June 2021

Om behoorlik ingeligte en oorwoë pandemie-reaksie en bestuursplanne in werking te stel, wend state, insluitend Suid-Afrika, hul tot georuimtelike inligtingstelsels en ander georuimtelike waarnemingsmetodes. Die data wat deur hierdie tegnologie versamel word, verskaf belangrike insigte in die dinamiese aard van die Covid-19-pandemie, die siekte se verspreidingspatrone en kon selfs uitbraakpatrone voorspel. Deur die patrone en aard van die ontwikkelende pandemie deur middel van georuimtelike waarneming en inligtingstelsels te verstaan, kon regerings betyds die nodige voorbereidings tref ten einde te verseker dat voldoende mediese toerusting aangekoop en beskikbaar gestel word, menslike hulpbronne dienooreenkomstig bestuur word en kwarantyn- en grendelmaatreëls wat lewens kan red in plek gestel word ten einde die verspreiding van hierdie aansteeklike siekte te beperk. Alhoewel georuimtelike waarneming en inligtingstelsels ’n belangrike rol speel deur data vanuit verskillende bronne te versamel, die visualisering van pandemie-inligting moontlik te maak, positiewe gevalle op te spoor en streekuitbrake te voorspel, is die regulering van hierdie tegnologieë gefragmenteerd, soms teenstrydig met nasionale wetgewing, en stem baie min lande se nasionale data en privaatheidswetgewing ooreen met internasionale reguleringsinstrumente. Gedagtig daaraan dat georuimtelike waarneming en inligtingstelsels slegs hulle volle potensiaal sal bereik wanneer die inligting wat deur hierdie tegnologieë versamel word, saamgevoeg en as groot data in geheel geanaliseer en toegepas word, is dit belangrik dat lande se nasionale wetgewing en beleide grotendeels ooreenstem met internasionale instrumente sodat data veilig gedeel kan word. Hierdie harmonisering van nasionale en internasionale reguleringsraamwerke moet steeds geskied met behoorlike beskerming van individuele inligtingsprivaatheid op nasionale vlak. Die Covid-19-pandemie was ’n wekroep tot aksie vir die etiese gebruik van georuimtelike tegnologieë. In hierdie artikel word die verskillende praktiese toepassings van bestaande geografiese waarnemingstegnologieë tydens die Covid-19-pandemie in Suid-Afrika ondersoek, en hoe hierdie ruimte-tegnologieë en die data wat daaruit voortspruit, op internasionale en nasionale vlak gereguleer word. Gedagtig aan die waarde wat hierdie tegnologieë kan bydra tot die voorspelling, en bestuur van natuurrampe en gesondheidsrampe, word die artikel afgesluit met ’n paar aanbevelings vir toekomstige regulering om die gebruik van hierdie tegnologieë te optimaliseer deur internasionale harmonisering, samewerking en die verbetering van nasionale vaardighede.
Conocimientos tradicionales y recursos genéticos: Una revisión conceptual, importancia y marco legal en Ecuador y Perú
Authors: TAMAYO ORTIZ CHRISTIAN VICENTE , DILAS-JIMÉNEZ JOSUÉ OTONIEL
Published: June 2021

Con el auge de la revolución verde y el consecuente uso de insumos sintéticos en la agricultura para la producción de alimentos, mucho del conocimiento tradicional generado en la agricultura ha sufrido desvalorización, incluso corre el riesgo de desaparecer. En este estudio se analiza el concepto de conocimiento tradicional desde una perspectiva amplia y orientada hacia la valorización y uso de la biodiversidad considerando la normativa en Ecuador y Perú. A su vez, se destaca la importancia de los conocimientos tradicionales para la conservación de los recursos genéticos. Se hace una reflexión sobre la concepción teórica relacionada con el conocimiento como un conjunto de esquemas de interpretación que permite comprender y dar sentido al mundo que nos rodea; y en este marco, la importancia de entenderlo desde una perspectiva más integral y local. Se identificó que para el caso peruano la generación de una legislación y políticas públicas orientadas a la valorización de saberes tradicionales tiene un mayor avance y trayectoria (desde 1990); mientras para el caso ecuatoriano su marco legal se fortalece a partir de la constitución del año 2008.