bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prácticas de alto rendimiento y su incidencia en el compromiso organizacional. Un estudio en colaboradores de una caja de compensación familiar en Colombia
Authors: Monsalve-Castro Carolina , Riaño Fabio Nelson , Luzardo-Briceño Marianela
Published: August 2021

El artículo tiene como propósito determinar la incidencia de las prácticas de alto rendimiento en el compromiso organizacional de los colaboradores de una caja de compensación familiar ubicada en Colombia. Se realizó una conceptualización de las variables de estudio en la que se apreció la multidimensionalidad del compromiso organizacional y las diferentes clasificaciones de las prácticas de alto rendimiento en mayor medida referenciadas en la literatura. La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativo, correlacional y no experimental de corte transversal. Se utilizó la encuesta como instrumento de recolección, aplicado a una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 111 empleados. El tratamiento de la información se realizó a través de un análisis factorial exploratorio y, posteriormente, se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión logística. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos estuvo compuesto por dos escalas de medición; la primera, relacionada con las prácticas de alto rendimiento y la segunda que representa la variable de compromiso organizacional teniendo en cuenta tres dimensiones: normativa, afectiva y continuidad. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que existe una incidencia positiva de las prácticas de alto rendimiento en la dimensión afectiva y normativa del compromiso, aunque no se logró comprobar la relación con el compromiso de continuidad.
Emprendimiento endógeno en comunidades indígenas del suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Rueda-Rodríguez Héctor Fernando , González-Campo Carlos Hernán
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar aspectos relacionados con el emprendimiento endógeno en comunidades indígenas del suroccidente colombiano, desde la comprensión de sus tradiciones y costumbres, entre otros elementos. En la metodología se recogen datos que se analizan con métodos cualitativos desde la reunión de historias, los encuentros de saberes y las entrevistas realizadas en profundidad, con el fin de entender las vocaciones productivas de la comunidad y así caracterizar las dinámicas del emprendimiento endógeno en la comunidad emberá chamí del resguardo Dachi Drua, ubicado en el municipio de Tuluá, Colombia. A partir del reconocimiento de la estrecha relación entre el emprendimiento endógeno, en el que se evidencia, a nivel teórico, una oportunidad de desarrollo conceptual, con los conceptos de identidad colectiva y desarrollo endógeno, los hallazgos presentan algunas estrategias de acción necesarias para afrontar retos relacionados con el desarrollo endógeno en la sociedad actual, con las particularidades del contexto colombiano. El aporte principal de este estudio está relacionado con el entendimiento y la caracterización de aspectos tanto históricos como sociales vividos por las comunidades indígenas que, a pesar de los cambios ideológicos, culturales y físicos, se han mantenido como parte fundamental de las raíces culturales del país en la construcción de una identidad colectiva que permea a todos los individuos, pues hacen parte de una configuración multicultural que se debe preservar.
Factores involucrados en el valle de la muerte de la I+D+i: aproximación de casos polares
Authors: Jiménez-Medina Elizabeth , Yepes-Callejas René , Rojas-Arenas Iván Darío , Arenas-Betancur Juan Fernando , Giraldo-Builes Jim
Published: August 2021

Como «valle de la muerte» (VM) se denomina a una brecha que dificulta la finalización exitosa de proyectos de investigación, desarrollo e innovación (I+D+i), impidiendo su entrada en fases de desarrollo de nuevos productos, puesta en operación y comercialización. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que inciden en el VM en un grupo de proyectos de I+D+i, de diversas instituciones de educación superior ubicadas en el Valle de Aburrá, Colombia. Dada la complejidad que implica el estudio del VM en el ámbito de los proyectos de I+D+i, se realizó un estudio de casos polares, pues este proporciona información acerca del VM en proyectos específicos, para luego plantear recomendaciones al fenómeno en general. El análisis se realizó desde un enfoque cualitativo, de carácter inductivo y fenomenológico, en el que se estudiaron seis factores involucrados en la formación del VM: equipo humano, competencias y roles, conocimiento de las dimensiones, trabajo en red, financiación y percepción del riesgo, instituciones y modelos mentales. Se evidenció que en los proyectos que aún no han superado el VM se encuentran dificultades institucionales —reglas de juego — y de modelos mentales —representaciones de lo que se debe hacer—, así como debilidad en la construcción de redes de trabajo. En los proyectos que sí superaron el VM predominan como resueltos los factores relacionados con formación de capacidades del talento humano, alianzas y conocimiento de las dimensiones.
Impact of Risk Perception on Trust in Government and Self-Efficiency During COVID-19 pandemic: Does Social Media Content Help Users Adopt Preventative Measures?
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Salah , Halbusi Hussam Al , Najem Ali , Razali Asbah , Williams Kent A. , Mustamil Norizah Mohd
Published: August 2021

The public’s actions will likely have a significant effect on the course of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Human behavior is conditioned and shaped by information and people’s perceptions. This study investigated the impact of risk perception on trust in government and self-efficacy. It examined whether the use of social media helped people adopt preventive actions during the pandemic. To test this hypothesis, the researchers gathered data from 512 individuals (students and academics) based in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results suggested that risk perception had a significant effect on trust in government and self-efficacy. Moreover, these correlations were stronger when social media was used as a source for gathering information on COVID-19. In some cases, it even helped users avoid exposure to the virus. This study assessed the relationship between risk perception and the awareness gained from using social media during the pandemic and highlighted how social media usage influences trust in government and self-efficacy.
FDA-approved Antitussive Dextromethorphan Enhances Antifibrotic Effectiveness of Pirfenidone in Bleomycin-induced Mice and Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Liu Nana , Wang Yubao , Huang Jie , Du Yunze , Wei Luqing , Li Dongsheng , Hong Jau-Shyong , Ning Wen , Feng Jing
Published: August 2021

Background: We aimed to investigate whether dextromethorphan (DM), an antitussive agent, could improve the antifibrotic efficacy of pirfenidone in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive and irreversible respiratory failure.Methods: A bleomycin-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model study and an open-label randomized clinical trial were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of pirfenidone combined with DM.Results: In the animal study, pirfenidone combined with DM protected the mice against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis with better capabilities than pirfenidone or DM alone, as indicated by lung histologic analysis and hydroxyproline levels. In the clinical study, pirfenidone plus DM markedly mitigated pulmonary function (FEV1 and FVC) decline and ameliorated chest HRCT imaging scores (ground glass opacities and reticulation) of patients with IPF compared with pirfenidone alone at one year after administration. There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the pirfenidone-DM group and the pirfenidone group.Conclusions: Pirfenidone plus DM may be a better strategy to modify IPF than pirfenidone alone. The efficacy and safety of the combination of pirfenidone and DM for patients with IPF warrants further verification by a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Phosphoproteomics of Cold Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in Rhododendron Chrysanthum
Authors: Liu Yunbo , Zhang Ziyao , Fan Hang , Tan Yun , Zhou Xiaofu , Xu Hongwei
Published: August 2021

As an alpine plant，Rhododendron chrysanthum (R. chrysanthum) has evolved cold resistance mechanisms and become a valuable plant resource with the responsive mechanism of cold stress. In my study, we adopt the phosphoproteomic and proteomic analysis combining with physiological measurement to illustrate the responsive mechanism of R. chrysanthum seedling under cold (4℃) stress. After chilling for 12 h, 350 significantly changed proteins and 274 significantly changed phosphoproteins were detected. Clusters of Orthologous Groups（COG）analysis showed that significantly changed proteins and phosphoproteins were mainly involved in signal transduction and energy production and conversion under cold stress. The results indicated photosynthesis was inhibited under cold stress, but cold induced calcium-mediated signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and other transcription regulation factors could protect plants from the destruction caused by cold stress. These results provide a detailed insight into the cold stress response and defense mechanisms of R. chrysanthum leaves at the phosphoproteome level.
Opioid-Free Versus Opioid-Based Anesthesia in Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Stéphane Hublet , Marianne Galland , Julie Navez , Patrizia Loi , Jean Closset , Patrice Forget , Pierre Lafère
Published: August 2021

Background: Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is associated with significantly reduced cumulative postoperative morphine consumption and postoperative nausea and vomiting in comparison with opioid-based anesthesia (OBA). Whether OFA is feasible and may improve outcomes in pancreatic surgery remains unclear. Hence, we retrospectively reviewed a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Methods: Perioperative data from 77 consecutive patients who underwent pancreatic resection under OBA or OFA were included. Patients received either an OBA with intraoperative remifentanil (n=42) or an OFA (n=35) with a combination of continuous infusions of dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, and esketamine. In OBA, patients also received a single bolus of intrathecal morphine. All patients received intraoperative propofol, sevoflurane, dexamethasone, diclofenac, neuromuscular blockade, postoperative continuous wound infiltration, and patient-controlled morphine. The primary outcome was postoperative pain (Numerical Rating Scale, NRS). Opioid consumption within 48h after extubation, length of stay (LOS), adverse events within 90 days, and 30-day mortality were included as secondary outcomes. Episodes of bradycardia and hypotension requiring rescue medication were considered as safety outcomes.Results: Compared to OBA, NRS (3 [2-4] vs 0 [0-2], P<0.001) and opioid consumption (36 [24-52] vs 10 [2-24], P=0.005) were both less in the OFA group. LOS was shorter by 4 days with OFA (14 [7-46] vs 10 [6-16], P<0.001). OFA (P=0.03), postoperative pancreatic fistula (P=0.0002) and delayed gastric emptying (P<0.0001) were identified as only independent factors for LOS. The comprehensive complication index (CCI) was the lowest with OFA (24.9±25.5 vs 14.1±23.4, P=0.03). There were no differences in demographics, operative time, blood loss, bradycardia, vasopressors administration or time to extubation among groups.Conclusions: In this series, OFA during pancreatic resection is feasible and independently associated with a better outcome, in particular pain outcomes. The lower rate of postoperative complications may justify future randomized trials to test the hypothesis that OFA may improve outcomes and shorten length of stay.
Significance of The Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting the Response of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Haijun Tang , Dehuai Liu , Jili Lu , Juliang He , Shuyu Ji , Shijie Liao , Qingjun Wei , Shenglin Lu , Liu Yun
Published: August 2021

Background

At present, there is no validated predictive factor for early efficacy of neoadjuvant hemotherapy (NACT) in osteosarcoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the response of NACT in osteosarcoma.
Methods

Pathological complete response (pCR) was used to assess the efficacy of NACT. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden index (sensitivity + specificity-1) were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of NLR. Univariate and multivariate analyses by logistic regression model were conducted to confirm the independent factors affecting the efficacy of NACT.
Results

The optimal cutoff value of NLR was 2.36 (sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 71.3%). Univariate analysis revealed that the smaller tumor volum, lower stage, lower NLR and lower PLR were more likely to achieve pCR. Multivariate analyses confirmed that NLR before treatment was an independent risk factor for pCR. Compared to patients with a high NLR, those with a low NLR showed more than 2-fold higher chance to achieve pCR (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.36–5.17, p = 0.02).
Conclusion

NLR is a novel and effective factor predicting the response to NACT in osteosarcoma patients. Patients with higher NLR showed a lower percentage of pCR after NACT.
Effect of Plastic Anisotropy and Process Parameters on the Final Geometry of U-shaped Product in Cold Roll Forming
Authors: Poursafar Amin , Saberi Saeid , Tarkesh Rasoul , Vahabi Meisam , Fesharaki Javad Jafari
Published: August 2021

Since the cold roll forming process is currently used in the production of different sections, it is necessary for manufacturers to further improve the quality of these products. Therefore, it is essential to study various factors influencing the production of these products in detail and provide effective solutions to reduce the factors causing defects in such products. This paper investigates the effect of plastic anisotropy and various factors such as strip thickness, the inter distance between stands, web width, and angle increment on the longitudinal bowing and then compares the results with the practical experiments. Accordingly, a model considering the effect of these parameters on the longitudinal bowing of the final section is considered with the accuracy of 88%. The results show that strip thickness and the increment angle at each stand, and the web width have the most influence on the longitudinal bowing, while strip anisotropy and the inter distance has the least effect on bowing.
Unravelling relativistic fermions in Weyl semimetal TaAs by magnetostriction measurements
Authors: Cichorek Tomasz , Bochenek Lukasz , Juraszek Jaroslaw , Sharlai Yurij , Mikitik Grigorii
Published: August 2021

In the topological semimetals, electrons in the vicinity of the Weyl or Dirac nodes behave like massless relativistic fermions that are of interest both for basic research and future electronic applications. Thus far, a detection of these Dirac or Weyl quasiparticles in topological semimetals is often elusive since in these materials, conventional charge carriers exist as well. Here, considering a prototype topological Weyl semimetal TaAs as an example, we show that when the massless quasiparticles reach the ultra-quantum limit, the magnetostriction of the semimetal is appreciably produced by the relativistic fermions. This field-induced expansion of TaAs measured along the [001] direction exhibits a weak dependence on the magnetic-field orientation and is in striking contrast to the magnetostriction measured along the [100] axis. The latter quantity experiences immense changes from large positive to large negative values with minute deviations of the applied field from the [001] direction. Employing a rigid-band approximation, we work out a theory of the magnetostriction for the Weyl semimetals and point out the features of this thermodynamic probe that can serve as hallmarks of the Weyl quasiparticles. Using the theory, we quantitatively describe a part of the obtained experimental data and find a number of the parameters characterizing TaAs. The derived dependence of the Fermi level on the magnetic field should be also relevant to understanding some other field-dependent properties of this topological semimetal, in particular, the negative longitudinal magnetoresistance. Our results illustrate how a magnetostriction may be used to unveil Weyl fermions in topological semimetals with a noncetrosymmetric crystal structure.
Comparison robust data smoothing algorithms with wavelet filter for denoising sonic log signals
Authors: Aftab Saeed , Moghadam Rasoul Hamidzadeh
Published: August 2021

Well logging is an essential approach to making geophysical surveys and petrophysical measurements and plays a key role to interpret downhole conditions. But, well logging signals usually contain noise that distorts results and causes ambiguous interpretations. In this paper, the wavelet filter and robust data smoothing algorithms are tested for denoising synthetic sonic log and field sonic log data. Robust data smoothing algorithms include Gaussian, RLOESS (Robust locally estimating scatterplot smoothing), and RLOWESS (Robust locally weighted scatterplot smoothing) methods. Uniform and normal distribution noise applied to synthetic model and results revealed that the wavelet filter performs better than data smoothing algorithms for denoising uniform distribution noise. However, the RLOESS removed uniform noise acceptably. But, for normal distribution noise, the wavelet filter disrupts and data smoothing algorithms, specifically RLOESS attenuated noise perfectly. Due to the noise nature of field sonic log data, wavelet filter completely disrupts, but data smoothing algorithms removed the noise of field data more efficiently, particularly RLOESS. So, we can express that RLOESS is a perfect algorithm for denoising sonic log signals, regardless of noise nature.
Assessment of NSAIDS as Potential Inhibitors of the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase I (FAAH-1) using Three Different Primary Fatty Acid Amide Substrates In Vitro
Authors: Dongdem Julius T. , Helegbe Gideon K. , Opare-Asamoah Kwame , Wezena Cletus A. , Ocloo Augustine
Published: August 2021

Pain relief · remains a major subject of inadequately met need of patients. Therapeutic agents designed to treat pain and inflammation so far have low to moderate efficiencies with significant untoward side effects. FAAH-1 has been proposed as a promising target for the discovery of drugs to treat pain and inflammation without significant adverse effects. FAAH-1 is the primary enzyme accountable for the degradation of AEA and related fatty acid amides. Studies have revealed that the simultaneous inhibition of COX and FAAH-1 activities produce greater pharmacological efficiency with significantly lowered toxicity and ulcerogenic activity. Recently, the metabolism of endocannabinoids by COX-2 was suggested to be differentially regulated by NSAIDs. We analysed the affinity of ODA, ArDA and SyDA at the FAAH-1 in vitro and investigated the potency of selected NSAIDs on the hydrolysis of endocannabinoid-like molecules (ODA, ArDA and SyDA) by FAAH-1 from rat liver. NSAIDs were initially screened at 500 µM after which those that exhibited greater potency were further analysed over a range of inhibitor concentrations. The substrate affinity of FAAH-1 obtained, increased in a rank order of ODA < ArDA < SyDA with resultant Vmax values in a rank order of ArDA > ODA > SyDA. The selected NSAIDs caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of FAAH-1 activity with sulindac, carprofen and meclofenamate exhibiting the greatest potency. Michaelis-Menten analysis suggested the mode of inhibition of FAAH-1 hydrolysis of both ODA and ArDA by meclofenamate and indomethacin to be non-competitive in nature. Our data therefore suggest potential for study of these compounds as combined FAAH-1-COX inhibitors.
Deciphering the Influence of Multiple Anthropogenic Inputs on Taxonomic and Functional Profiles of the Microbial Communities in Yitong River, Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Ying , Huo Yang , Zhang Zhiruo , Zhu Suiyi , Fan Wei , Wang Xianze , Huo Mingxin
Published: August 2021

We conducted physicochemical parameters analysis, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to explore the impact of human inputs on the bacterioplankton communities within a tributary of the largest river flowing through a megacity in northeast China. Agriculture largely accounted for the alteration of diversity and functions of the microbial communities. Furthermore, nutrients were significantly declined at the reservoir outlet, and WWTP effluent discharge caused changes in the river microbial community. NH3-N and NO3--N were the main environmental factors that drive the shift of the bacteria community, and rare taxa played a more important role in the response to environmental changes compared with the abundant ones. The occurrence of the human-specific fecal indicator was mostly derived from agriculture, and its increase in relative abundance was observed in the effluent. Thus, our study provides guidance for ecological assessment and management of rivers by revealing the response pattern of river bacterioplankton to multiple types of anthropogenic stressors.
Novel Piston Technique Versus Ilizarov Technique for The Repair of Bone Defect After Lower Limb Infection
Authors: Du Jiafei , Yin Zifei , Cheng Pengfei , Han Pei , Shen Hao
Published: August 2021

Background
We described the use of a novel Piston technique versus Ilizarov technique to compare the effectiveness and complications for the repair of bone defect after lower limb infection.
Patients and methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 41 patients who had been treated at our department for lower extremity bone defects following osteomyelitis. They were 38 males and 3 females with a mean age of 43.41 (range 12 to 69 years). The infected bone defects involved 36 tibias and 5 femurs. Piston technique (PT, group A) was used in 12 patients and Ilizarov technique (IT, group B) in 29 ones. The mean duration of follow-up was 28.50 months (PT) and 29.90 months (IT). The modified Application of Methods of Illizarov (ASAMI) criteria was used to evaluate the bone healing and functional recovery.
Results
Complete eradication of infection and union of docking sites were accomplished well in both groups. The mean external fixator index (EFI) was 42.32 days/cm in group A versus 58.85 days/cm in group B (p < 0.001). The bone outcomes were similar between group A and B (p = 0.558) [excellent (9 vs. 19), good (3 vs.10)]; group A showed better functional outcomes than group B (p < 0.05) [excellent (7 vs. 6), good (4 vs. 12), fair (0 vs. 10) and poor (1 vs. 1)]. Pain was complained most during follow-up and group A had fewer cases of pin tract infection (1 vs. 6), adjacent joint stiffness (3 vs. 8) and delayed healing of the joint (0 vs. 3).
Conclusions
Satisfactory bone healing can be obtained by using both PT and IT, while PT had better functional results, lower EFI and allowed early removal of the external fixation. We have found that this novel Piston technique can improve the comfort of patients, reduce the incidence of complications, and provide a rapid and convenient rehabilitation.
Fasting and Non-Fasting Triglycerides in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kim Jun Yup , Lee Keon-Joo , Kang Jihoon , Kim Beom Joon , Han Moon-Ku , Kang Kyusik , Kye Min-Surk , Park Jong-Moo , Park Tai Hwan , Park Hong-Kyun , Cho Yong-Jin , Hong Keun-Sik , Lee Kyung Bok , Jang Myung Suk , Lee Ji Sung , Lee Juneyoung , Bae Hee-Joon
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Clinical implications of elevated fasting triglycerides (FTG) and non-fasting triglycerides (NFTG) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate the correlation and clinical significance of FTG and NFTG levels in AIS patients.
Methods
Using a multicenter prospective stroke registry, we identified AIS patients hospitalized within 24h of onset with available NFTG results. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke recurrence, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality up to one year.
Results
This study analyzed 2,176 patients. The prevalence of fasting and non-fasting hypertriglyceridemia was 11.5% and 24.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that younger age, diabetes, higher body mass index and initial systolic blood pressure were independently associated with both fasting and non-fasting hypertriglyceridemia (all p < 0.05). Patients with higher quartiles of NFTG were more likely to be male, younger, ever-smokers, diabetic, and have family histories of premature coronary heart disease and stroke (all p < 0.05). Similar tendencies were observed for FTG. The composite outcome was not associated with FTG or NFTG quartiles.
Conclusion
The fasting and non-fasting hypertriglyceridemia were prevalent in AIS patients and showed similar clinical characteristics and outcomes. High FTG and NFTG levels were not associated with occurrence of subsequent clinical events up to one year.
Wear Mechanism of Nomex/PTFE Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Liu Jian , Lu Fei , He Tiantian , Pang Xianjuan , Zhang Yongzhen
Published: August 2021

This paper is aimed at the problems of abnormal tribological damage and fluctuation of tribological performance in the self-lubricating composite serving in heavy load spherical plain bearing in aerospace field. The Nomex/PTFE fiber reinforced composite was used to carry out a reciprocating block on ring tribological test, investigating the tribological performance of the material and its wear evolution. Results show that the influence of oscillating frequency on material wear is obviously higher than that of load under high load condition (more than 90 MPa or 180 kN). Under a certain load and frequency condition, friction temperature is a key factor to affect wear behavior of the material. Friction heat plays a dominant role in the process of worn out failure of the material. Too high friction temperature greatly weakens the friction and wear performance, resulting in material failure in a short time. Thermal fatigue is the main tribological damage mode of the material under the high load and high frequency condition, with local worn out occurred. This finding was also verified by SEM analysis of the worn surface and wear debris.
Association Between Social Support and Postpartum Depression
Authors: Cho Hahyeon , Lee Kyeongmin , Choi Eunji , Cho Ha Na , Park Boyoung , Suh Mina , Rhee Yumie , Choi Kui Son
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Postpartum depression is common; however, little is known about its relationship to social support and postpartum depression. This study examined the association between them among South Korean women within one year of childbirth.
Methods
This study was based on the 2016 Korean Study of Women’s Health-Related Issues (K-Stori), a cross-sectional survey employing nationally-representative random sampling. Participants were 1,654 postpartum women within a year of giving birth. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the associations between social support (and other covariates) and postpartum depression.
Results
Among participants, 266 (16.1%) had postpartum depression. Depending on the level of social support, 6.0%, 53.9%, and 40.1% of them had low, moderate, and high social support, respectively. Women with moderate or low social support were more likely to have postpartum depression (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.26–2.53; OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.56–4.89). This trend was observed in participants with multiparity, pregnancy loss, obese body image, and employed women.
Conclusion
Social support was associated with a decreased likelihood of postpartum depression, indicating the importance of social support, especially for women with multiparity, pregnancy loss experience, negative body image, and employed women for preventing postpartum depression.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorated Colitis by Regulating the Homeostasis of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization and Intestinal Flora
Authors: Long Jian , Liu Xue-Ke , Kang Zeng-Ping , Wang Meng-Xue , Zhao Hai-Mei , Liu Duan-Yong , Zhong You-Bao
Published: August 2021

Background: Aberrant M1/M2 macrophage polarization and intestinal flora disruption are involved in the pathological processes associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Ginsenoside Rg1 has good immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and is effective in treating UC of humans and animals. However, it is unclear how ginsenoside Rg1 regulate the homeostasis of M1/M2 macrophage polarization and intestinal flora.Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, DSS, DSS+Rg1, DSS+Y27632 groups. In this study, experiment colitis was induced in BALB/c mice using sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). Mice of DSS+Rg1, DSS+Y27632 groups were treated respectively with ginsenoside Rg1 and Rock inhibitor Y27632 for 14 consecutive days. On day 21, all mice were sacrificed. Histopathological analysis of the colon tissues was performed by Hematoxylin Eosin sinning. Cytokines (IL-6, IL-33, CCL-2, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10) were detected by Elisa. Flow cytometry was used to analyse macrophage activation and M1/M2 macrophage polarisation. Western blotting were applied to detect the levels of Macrophage polarization-associated protein (Arg-1, MIF-1, PIM-1, TLR2) and Nogo-B/RhoA signaling molecules (Rock1, RhoA and Nogo-B). The fecal microbial populations were analyzed using 16S gene sequencing. Results: After ginsenoside Rg1 and Y27632 treatment, the changes of body weight, colon length, colonic weight index and colonic mucosal injury of colitis mice were effectively improved, accompanied by less ulcer formation and inflammatory cell infiltration, lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-33, CCL-2, TNF-α) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). Importantly, the percentage of CD11b+F4/80+, CD11b+F4/80+Tim-1+, CD11b+F4/80+TLR4+, and CD11b+F4/80+iNOS+ cells and the expression levels of MIF-1 and PIM-1 proteins were down-regulated significantly after ginsenoside Rg1 and Y27632 treatment, and CD11b+F4/80+CD206+ and CD11b+F4/80+CD163+ cells and Arg-1 up-regulated significantly. Intestinal flora composition were effectively improved after administration of ginsenoside Rg1. The Nogo-B/RchoA signaling pathway were obviously inhibited after ginsenoside Rg1 and Y27632 treatment, and the levels of Rock1, RhoA and Nogo-B proteins were significantly reduced. Conclusions: Ginsenoside Rg1 has the protective effect on UC by inhibiting macrophage activation, restoring the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization, and improving intestinal flora composition, associated with inhibition of the Nogo-B/RhoA signaling pathway.
Cross–trait analysis of Alzheimer’s disease and gastrointestinal tract disorders identifies shared loci highlighting immune-related and statin pathways
Authors: Adewuyi Emmanuel , O’Brien Eleanor , Nyholt Dale , Porter Tenielle , Laws Simon
Published: August 2021

Several observational studies suggest a relationship between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we analysed several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics (N = 34,652 – 456,327) to assess AD and GIT disorders relationships. We found a significant genetic overlap and correlation between AD and each of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), medications for GERD or PUD (PGM), gastritis-duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome and diverticulosis, but not inflammatory bowel disease. Our analysis suggests a partial causal association between AD and gastritis-duodenitis, diverticulosis and medication for PUD. GWAS meta-analysis identified seven loci (P < 5 × 10-8, PDE4B, CD46, SEMA3F, HLA-DRA, MTSS2, PHB, and APOE) shared by AD and PGM, six of which are novel. These loci were replicated using GERD and PUD GWAS and reinforced in gene-based analyses. Lipid metabolism, autoimmune system, lipase inhibitors, PD-1 signalling, and statin pathways were significantly enriched for AD and GIT disorders. These findings support shared genetic susceptibility in AD and GIT disorders. Lipase inhibitors and statins may provide novel therapeutic avenues for AD, GIT disorders, or their comorbidity.
Effect of thermomechanical treatment of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu with minor amount Sc and Zr on the mechanical properties
Authors: Kheradmand Azam Beigi , Mirdamadi Shamseddin , Lalegani Zahra , Hamawandi Bejan
Published: August 2021

In this study, mechanical and microstructural properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr cast alloy with 0.1% Sc under homogeneous, dissolution, and T6 and thermomechanical treatments with the aim of increasing the volume fraction of MgZn2 and Al3(Sc,Zr) reinforcing sediments were examined by hardness, microscopic examinations and tensile tests and software analysis. The results showed that firstly, the hardness results are well proportional to the results of tensile properties of alloys and secondly, the strength of the alloy with thermomechanical treatments compared to T6 treatments increased from 492 MPa to 620 MPa and the elongation increased from 8% to 17% and 100 % upgraded. Microstructural investigation and fracture cross section showed that Al3(Sc,Zr) nanoparticles were evenly distributed among MgZn2 particles and the alloy fracture was of semi-ductile type and in the fracture section nanoparticles less than 10 nm were observed at the end of the dimples. Also, the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the whole microstructure of thermomechanical treatment samples was much higher than that of T6 heat treated samples, so that the percentage of Al3(Sc,Zr) sediments from less than 1% in T6 operation to 8.28% in quench-controlled thermomechanical operation (with 50% deformation) has arrived. QI index in thermomechanical treatment samples is 19% higher than T6 samples, so that this index has increased from 641 in T6 operation to 760 in samples under thermomechanical treatment due to sediment morphology, volume fraction of sediments, their uniform distribution in the matrix, and nano sized sediments in samples under thermomechanical treatment.
Implementation Of An ED Surge Management Platform: A Study Protocol
Authors: Anaraki Nahid Rahimipour , Jewer Jennifer , Hurley Oliver , Mariathas Hensley , Young Christina , Norman Paul , Patey Christopher , Wilson Brenda , Etchegary Holly , Senior Dorothy , Asghari Shabnam
Published: August 2021

Background Wait times and overcrowding are challenging emergency departments (EDs) around the world. To address these issues, a quality improvement program called SurgeCon was created to improve ED efficiency and patient satisfaction. This paper presents a framework for managing and evaluating the implementation of an ED surge management platform. Our framework builds on the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to structure our approach and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to guide our choice of outcome variables and scalability. Methods Four hospital EDs will receive the SurgeCon quality improvement program. Using a stepped wedge cluster design, each ED will be randomised to one of four start dates. Data will be collected before, during, and after the implementation. Guided by CFIR, we will measure ED key performance indicators (KPI), patient reported outcomes, and implementation outcomes related to SurgeCon’s scalability, adaptability, sustainability and overall costs. RE-AIM will be used to guide the assessment of SurgeCon. Participants in this study consist of patients who visit any of the four selected EDs during the study period, providers/staff, and health system managers. A mixed-methods approach will be utilized to evaluate implementation outcomes. Discussion This study will provide important insight into the implementation and evaluation techniques to enhance uptake of an ED surge-management platform. The proposed framework bridges research and practice by involving researchers, practitioners, and patients in the implementation and evaluation process, to produce an actionable framework that others can follow. We anticipate that the implementation approach would be generalizable to program implementations in other EDs.Trial Registration:Name of the registry: ClinicalTrials.govTrial registration number: NCT04789902Date of registration: 03/10/2021URL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04789902?cond=surgecon&draw=2&rank=1
A Prediction Model for Regional Carbon Emissions Based on GRU Networks
Authors: Meng Jun , Ding Gangyi , Liu Laiyang , Guan Zheng
Published: August 2021

In this study, a data-driven regional carbon emissions prediction model is proposed. The Grubbs criterion is used to eliminate the gross error data in carbon emissions sensor data. Then, according to the nearby valid data, the exponential smoothing method is used to interpolate the missing values to generate the continuous sequence for model training. Finally, the GRU network, which is a deep learning method, is used to process these sequential standardized data to obtain the prediction model. In this paper, the wireless carbon sensor network monitoring data set from August 2012 to April 2014 trained and evaluated the prediction model, and compared with the prediction model based on BP network. The experimental results prove the feasibility of the research method and related technical approaches, and the accuracy of the prediction model, which provides a method basis for the nowcasting of carbon emissions and other greenhouse gas environmental data.
Improved Diastolic Dysfunction is Associated with Higher Forward Flow and Better Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Dini Frank L , Ballo Piercarlo , Pugliese Nicola Riccardo , Bytyçi Ibadete , D'Agostino Andreina , Bajraktari Gani , Pedrinelli Roberto , Henein Michael
Published: August 2021

Aim. In patients with chronic heart failure (HF), the benefit of repeating the assessment of left ventricle (LV) systolic and diastolic function over time remains uncertain. We assessed the prognostic value of repeated echocardiographic assessment of LV filling pressure (LVFP) and its interaction with cardiac index (CI) in ambulatory patients with chronic HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)Methods and results. We enrolled 367 patients (age 68±11 years; 22% female) with chronic HFrEF. Patients underwent a clinical and echocardiographic examination at baseline and were re-evaluated after 6±3 months. The 2016 recommendations were used to estimate normal or increased LVFP. CI was evaluated as the product of LV outflow tract area and velocity-time integral multiplied by heart rate and divided by body surface area. After the second examination, patients were followed for a median of 30 months. The study endpoint included all-cause death and hospitalization for worsening HF. Patients who normalized LVFP or showed persistently normal LVFP at the follow-up examination had a significantly lower mortality rate than those with worsening or persistently raised LVFP. After further stratification by CI, patients with elevated LVFP and CI <2.0 L/min/m2 had a further worse outcome than those with elevated LVFP and CI ≥ 2.0 L/min/m2. Multivariate survival analysis confirmed an independent prognostic impact of changes in LVFP, incremental to that of established clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic predictors. Conclusions. Repeated evaluation based on a full diastolic function assessment of LVFP and CI significantly improved risk stratification of stable HFrEF outpatients compared to baseline evaluation.
A Pilot Study on DNA Methylation in Pediatric HAdV-7-induced Sepsis
Authors: Huang Bolun , Chen Feiyan , Dang Run , Yang Wenmin , Peng Hongyan , Zhang Chunmin , Zuo Yunlong , Hong Jie , Zhao Mingqi , Chen Yi , Yang Yiyu
Published: August 2021

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most common respiratory pathogens affecting children. HAdV infection has high morbidity and mortality, and it may lead to severe complications and long-term pulmonary sequelae. However, the pathogenesis of pediatric HAdV-7-induced sepsis remains unclear. The analysis of DNA methylation profiles in peripheral blood is attracting increasing attention as an effective method for investigating the pathogenesis of various diseases and identifying biomarkers of disease progression. Here, we performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing to analyze DNA methylation in peripheral blood samples collected from 11 children with HAdV-7-induced sepsis and 5 healthy children. The Metilene software was used to analyze differential methylation in the two groups. We also performed functional enrichment analysis of the genes with differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We detected 1,138 DMRs between the two groups. Additionally, 122 DMRs were detected between the HAdV-7-induced sepsis survivor and non-survivor groups. After screening based on biological and clinical significance, we found that a group of genes (KCNQ1OT1, KPNB1, GRB10, HOXA5, HOXA4, and BCL9L) with differential methylation played an essential role in Wnt signaling. Additionally, genes related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, such as MEG3, GNAS-AS1, and GNAS, exhibited differential methylation in the survivor and non-survivor groups. Our data suggest that specific patterns of DNA methylation are associated with the occurrence and progression of HAdV-7-induced sepsis. Wnt signaling was also affected by the changes in methylation. Thus, we identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pediatric HAdV-7-induced sepsis.
Blue-shifted Deep Ocean Currents in the Equatorial Indian Ocean
Authors: Amol P. , Jain Vineet , Aparna S G
Published: August 2021

Spectra from two decades of zonal current data at ∼ 4000 m in the central and western equatorial Indian Ocean show a shift in the dominant frequencies from the west to the east. The 120–180-day period is stronger at 77ºE , the 60–120-day period at 83ºE, and the 30–90-day period at 93ºE. The weakening of lower frequencies near the eastern boundary can be explained using theoretical ray paths of Kelvin waves and reflected Rossby waves. The equatorial Kelvin wave forced by winds reflects from the eastern boundary as Rossby waves with different meridional modes. After reflection, the low (high) frequency Rossby beams travel a larger (shorter) distance before reaching the bottom, thereby creating a shadow zone, a region with low wave energy, between the ray path and the eastern boundary. The shift in frequency with longitude is not evident in the top 1000 m, where the current is dominated by the semi-annual cycle.
A Quantitative Model for Option Sell-Side Trading with Stop-Loss Mechanism by Using Random Forest
Authors: Chao Chi-Fang , Wang Yu-Chen , Wu Mu-En
Published: August 2021

Due to the characteristics of high leverage and low margin, option is very suitable for quantitative trading by applying portfolio management to control the profit and risk. The money management is an important issue to build a portfolio especially for option sell-side trader, since the profit is only the premium, while the loss is unlimited. In this research, we propose a model for option sell-side strategy to estimate the win-rate of option by the premium, time to maturity, and volatility based on statistical approach and random forest algorithm. The prediction of the model is visualized through heatmap which can reveal the profitable trading range intuitively, we use the precision score to evaluate the performance in these two models and proof the effectiveness and robustness of predictive model proposed by random forest algorithm. In the future, we plan to apply other machine learning algorithm to propose the predictive model for spread trading.
S2 Alar Iliac Screw and S1 Pedicle Screw Fixation for the Treatment of Sacral Fractures : A Finite Element Study
Authors: Zheng Jianxiong , Feng Xiaoreng , Xiang Jie , Liu Fei , Leung Frankie K L , Chen Bin
Published: August 2021

Background: Five different sacral fracture fixation methods were compared using finite element (FE) analysis to study their biomechanical characteristics.Methods: Denis type I sacral fractures were created by FE modeling. Five different fixation methods for the posterior pelvic ring were simulated: sacroiliac screw (SIS), lumbopelvic fixation (LPF), transiliac internal fixator (TIFI), S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screw and S1 pedicle screw fixation (S2AI-S1), and S2AI screw and contralateral S1 pedicle screw fixation (S2AI-CS1). Four different loading methods were implemented in sequence to simulate the force in standing, flexion, right bending, and left twisting, respectively. Vertical stiffness, relative displacement, and change in relative displacement were recorded and analyzed.Results: As predicted by the FE model, the vertical stiffness of the five groups in descending order were S2AI-S1, SIS, S2AI-CS1, LPF, TIFI. In terms of relative displacement, S2AI-S1 and S2AI-CS1 groups displayed a smaller mean relative displacement, although the S2AI-CS1 group exhibited greater displacement in the upper sacrum than the S2AI-S1 group. The SIS group displayed a moderate mean relative displacement, although the displacement of the upper sacrum was smaller than that of the S2AI-CS1 group. The LPF and TIFI groups displayed larger mean relative displacements. In terms of change in relative displacement, the TIFI and LPF groups displayed the greatest fluctuations in their motion, while the SIS, S2AI-S1, and S2AI-CS1 groups displayed smaller fluctuations.Conclusion: Compared with SIS, unilateral LPF and TIFI, S2AI-S1 displayed the greatest biomechanical stability of the FE models and can be used as a new method for the treatment of sacral fractures. When the S1 pedicle screw insertion point on the affected side is damaged, S2AI-CS1 can be used as a good alternative to S2AI-S1.
Therapeutic Potential of Cucumis Melo (L). Fruit Extract and Its Silver Nanopartciles Against Den Induced Hepatocellular Cancer in Rats
Authors: Vidya R , Kalaivani K , Amudha P
Published: August 2021

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have a wide range of biological activities and using nanoparticles as one of the novel approaches in cancer therapy. In this present research work, the anticancer efficacy of Cucumis melo fruit extract and its silver nanoparticles was explored. Wistar rats were divided into six groups and hepatic cancer was induced with 0.01 % DEN (diethylnitrosamine) through drinking water for 16 weeks. Cyclophosphamide was given as the standard drug at the dose of 50 mg / kg body weight. Hematological Parameters showed a decrease in the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), and platelets (PLTS) levels except white blood cell (WBC) in DEN induced cancer animals. Significant alterations in the hematological parameters were observed after treatment which indicate the protective effect of Cucumis melo fruit on the hemopoietic system. The levels of liver function markers such as transaminases (AST ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT and 5’NT were significantly elevated in serum and liver of cancer bearing rats. Treatment with crude extract and silver nanoparticles of Cucumis melo fruit, indicating that Cucumis melo fruit could have exerted its protective effect. The levels of serum tumor markers viz., Alpha feto protein (AFP) and Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) elevated in rats induced with DEN, which then were reduced following Cucumis melo fruit treatment, indicating the anticancer activity of the drug. Histological evaluation of liver and kidney were also performed to authenticate the present work.