bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anomaly Detection for Noisy Data with the Mahalanobis–Taguchi System
Authors: Ohkubo Masato , Nagata Yasushi
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Condition-based maintenance requires an accurate detection of unknown yet-to-have-occurred anomalies and the establishment of anomaly detection procedure for sensor data is urgently needed. Sensor data are noisy, and a conventional analysis cannot always be conducted appropriately. An anomaly detection procedure for noisy data was therefore developed.Methodology/Approach: In a conventional Mahalanobis–Taguchi method, appropriate anomaly detection is difficult with noisy data. Herein, the following is applied: 1) estimation of a statistical model considering noise, 2) its application to anomaly detection, and 3) development of a corresponding analysis framework.Findings: Engineers can conduct anomaly detection through the measurement and accumulation, analysis, and feedback of data. Especially, the two-step estimation of the statistical model in the analysis stage helps because it bridges technical knowledge and advanced anomaly detection.Research Limitation/implication: A novel data-utilisation design regarding the acquired quality is provided. Sensor-collected big data are generally noisy. By contrast, data targeted through conventional statistical quality control are small but the noise is controlled. Thus various findings for quality acquisition can be obtained. A framework for data analysis using big and small data is provided.Originality/Value of paper: The proposed statistical anomaly detection procedure for noisy data will improve of the feasibility of new services such as condition-based maintenance of equipment using sensor data.
Enterprise Risk Management – Approaches Determining Its Application and Relation to Business Performance
Authors: Klučka Jozef , Grünbichler Rudolf
Published: August 2020

Purpose: As management systems, enterprise risk management and enterprise performance management pursue similar objectives and influence each other positively. The paper aims to provide an insight into the relationship between Enterprise Risk Management and Business Performance Management.Methodology/Approach: The paper compares the results of an American study with the results of a Slovakian study. First, the American results are cited and interpreted. Then the Slovak results are presented and discussed. Then the results are compared. In the last part an overall conclusion is drawn, the relationships between the results are shown and practical implications are explained.Findings: The results show similarities, but also differences to Enterprise Risk Management and the relationships between Enterprise Risk Management and Business Performance Management. The paper shows that there are differences in both the management approach and the impact on business performance between American and Slovak companies.Research Limitation/implication: A limitation in both studies is the limited number of participating companies. This is accompanied by a higher probability of error.Originality/Value of paper: The paper provides new information to the gap related to subjects enterprise risk management and business performance management and their relations.
Origen de la resistencia comunitaria a los cultivos de uso ilícito: evidencia de un Consejo Comunitario de comunidades negras al sur de Buenaventura
Authors: Lobo Iván , Vélez María Alejandra , Arroyo Álvaro
Published: August 2020

En este artículo exploramos los mecanismos en los cuales se fundamenta la capacidad de las comunidades para resistir de manera efectiva la influencia de los cultivos de uso ilícito o las condiciones que explican la mayor dotación de capital social, a partir de la experiencia en un Consejo Comunitario Afrocolombiano al sur del municipio de Buenaventura. Nuestro caso de estudio tiene varios antecedentes de resistencia comunitaria a las económicas ilícitas y ha sido particularmente efectivo en detener la expansión de cultivos de coca y minería ilegal en su territorio. Partiendo de datos y resultados recogidos en trabajos de campo previos, así como insumos adicionales a partir de entrevistas y discusiones con un líder de este Consejo y coautor del artículo, seguimos un método cualitativo de análisis temático para profundizar en los mecanismos que explican la resistencia efectiva. Identificamos tres condiciones que permiten explicar dicha resistencia: la complementariedad funcional entre las organizaciones de base, el ejercicio del liderazgo distribuido (o colectivo) y la influencia de liderazgos fundacionales. Estas condiciones no son fácilmente transferibles. Por lo tanto, la posibilidad de replicar la capacidad de resistencia comunitaria en otros contextos es limitada. No obstante, el caso brinda elementos que pueden ser útiles para comunidades y territorios en contextos similares.
Resignificaciones identitarias en el archipiélago de Chiloé. Discursos e imaginarios sobre el Mayo Chilote
Authors: Robledo Vallejos Pablo Andrés , Peña Barriga Gonzalo
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo interroga los discursos de identidades de resistencia al proceso de industrialización en el archipiélago de Chiloé, concentrándose en las valoraciones de las movilizaciones sociales del Mayo Chilote. A través de una metodología de investigación cualitativa y exploratoria, se realizó un análisis de contenido en el cual se identificaron las particularidades discursivas para generar un estudio que caracterizara los discursos de forma profunda y comprensiva. Se analizan las valoraciones del movimiento social considerándolo como la imagen de una gramática discursiva desde sujetos activos de dicho movimiento y el potencial de proyección de aquellas identidades de resistencia como eventual proyecto de sociedad local. Se concluye que existen claras tensiones en las distintas identidades locales, focalizando los resultados en lasparticularidades de las identidades de resistencia que limitan sus posibilidades de proyección debido a un autorreconocimiento aún no consolidado.
Dismal performance in response to coronavirus: the problem no one wants to discuss – the NHS
Authors: Bleetman Anthony
Published: August 2020

The UK death toll from COVID-19 is currently the fourth worst in the world behind the USA, Brazil and Mexico. Possible reasons include delays in lockdown, the provision of scientific advice to government and the decisions that government made based on the information they were given. When we review our performance and plan for the next public health crisis, we need to be brave enough to dare to challenge the NHS and its advisors.
COVID-19 and the Field of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Where Have We Been? Where Are We? Where Do We Go?
Authors: Thompson James R. , Nygren Margaret A.
Published: August 2020

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected, and will continue to affect, every aspect of the intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) community. We provide recommendations to (a) support people with IDD and the broader of field of IDD during the course of the pandemic, and (b) place the IDD community in a strong position when the health threats associated with the pandemic abate and post-pandemic social and policy structures are formed.
Using continous wavelet analysis for monitoring wheat yellow rust in different infestation stages based on unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral images
Authors: Zheng Qiong , Huang Wenjiang , Ye Huichun , Dong Yingying , Shi Yue , Chen Shuisen
Published: August 2020

Yellow rust is the most extensive disease in wheat cultivation, seriously affecting crop quality and yield. This study proposes sensitive wavelet features (WFs) for wheat yellow rust monitoring based on unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral imagery of different infestation stages [26 days after inoculation (26 DAI) and 42 DAI]. Furthermore, we evaluated the monitoring ability of WFs and vegetation indices on wheat yellow rust through linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine (SVM) classification frameworks in different infestation stages, respectively. The results show that WFs-SVM have promising potential for wheat yellow rust monitoring in both the 26 DAI and 42 DAI stages.
Multiple electromagnetically induced transparency-like effects of a metal nanostructure induced by a graphene grating deposited on a gallium oxide substrate
Authors: Wang Tiankun , Ng Sha Shiong
Published: August 2020

The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effect can be generated in the metamaterial system, but most metamaterial systems are composed of complex and elaborated components (nanostructures) that cannot be removed or replaced easily. In this paper, a graphene grating is used to interact with random metal nanostructures (i.e., individual and connecting nanostructures) to induce the EIT-like effect through two destructive interference excitation pathways. Except for the new induced EIT-like mode, the overall original optical patterns (the shape and intensity of the transmission spectrum) remain unchanged as compared with the single metal nanostructure. Furthermore, due to the optical properties of graphene, the induced EIT-like effect was blueshifted as the Fermi energy of graphene increased. By depositing the graphene grating and the metal nanostructures on a gallium oxide substrate, the EIT-like effect was redshifted as the temperature of the environment increased. Through this study, the EIT-like effect induced by the graphene grating with a random metal nanostructure system was demonstrated by using a simple geometric system; further, the mechanism is easy and can be introduced to many different metamaterial systems to generate the EIT-like effect without changing other optical properties of the original metamaterial system. As such, this opens the door to broader applications for optical communication networks.
Longitudinal in-vivo OCM imaging of glioblastoma development in the mouse brain
Authors: Dolezyczek Hubert , Rapolu Mounika , Niedzwiedziuk Paulina , Karnowski Karol , Borycki Dawid , Dzwonek Joanna , Wilczynski Grzegorz , Malinowska Monika , Wojtkowski Maciej
Published: August 2020

We present in-vivo imaging of the mouse brain using custom made Gaussian beam optical coherence microscopy (OCM) with 800nm wavelength. We applied new instrumentation to longitudinal imaging of the glioblastoma (GBM) tumor microvasculature in the mouse brain. We have introduced new morphometric biomarkers that enable quantitative analysis of the development of GBM. We confirmed quantitatively an intensive angiogenesis in the tumor area between 3 and 14 days after GBM cells injection confirmed by considerably increased of morphometric parameters. Moreover, the OCM setup revealed heterogeneity and abnormality of newly formed vessels.
Super-resolved edge detection in optical microscopy images by superposition of virtual point sources
Authors: Brinatti Vazquez Guillermo D. , Martínez Sandra , Martínez Oscar E.
Published: August 2020

A new approach to the edge detection problem is presented which is specially designed to achieve high accuracy detection, below instrumental resolution (super resolution) in microscopy images. The method is based in a modified version of a recently published algorithm known as SUPPOSe, which performs a numerical reconstruction of an image as a superposition of virtual point sources. The method was tested in simulated and experimental optical microscopy images and compared to the standard Laplacian of Gaussian algorithm, showing huge differences when the size of the object is smaller than the lateral resolution provided by the instrument.
Nonlinear polarization and ionization in O2: metastable electronic state model
Authors: Heinz Jonathan , Reiff Ran , Joyce Tennesse , Becker Andreas , Jaroń-Becker Agnieszka , Kolesik Miroslav
Published: August 2020

We present a computational model for the nonlinear response of molecular oxygen exposed to strong mid-wavelength and long-wavelength infrared optical fields. Based on a non-Hermitian approach utilizing metastable electronic states, the nonlinear polarization and strong-field ionization are described as intimately connected properties. Good agreement with the measured nonlinear index and ionization rates is shown, and parameterized response functions are provided to facilitate applications in large-scale simulations of infrared optical pulses interacting with gaseous media.
Broadband tuning of polarization modulation instability in microstructured optical fibers
Authors: Loredo-Trejo A. , Díez A. , Silvestre E. , Andrés M. V.
Published: August 2020

The wideband tuning of strong bands generated through polarization modulation instability (PMI) in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) is reported. Tunability is achieved by exploiting the dependence of the phase-matching condition on the fiber’s chromatic dispersion and birefringence, which is particularly sensitive when the fiber is pumped near the zero-dispersion wavelength. MOFs designed to accomplish PMI phase-matching when they are infiltrated with ethanol and pumped at 1064 nm were designed and fabricated. Taking advantage of the large thermo-optic coefficient of ethanol, both chromatic dispersion and birefringence were varied through temperature. Wavelength shifts from 937 nm to 863 nm (anti-Stokes) and from 1231 nm to 1387 nm (Stokes) are demonstrated. Such a tuning range corresponds to a frequency shift between the pump and a PMI sideband ranging from

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Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in silicon-germanium all-normal dispersion waveguides
Authors: Sinobad Milan , DellaTorre Alberto , Armand Remi , Luther-Davies Barry , Ma Pan , Madden Stephen , Mitchell Arnan , Moss David J. , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Fedeli Jean-Marc , Monat Christelle , Grillet Christian
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate coherent supercontinuum generation spanning over an octave from a silicon germanium-on-silicon waveguide using

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pulses at a wavelength of 4 µm. The waveguide is engineered to provide low all-normal dispersion in the TM polarization. We validate the coherence of the generated supercontinuum via simulations, with a high degree of coherence across the entire spectrum. Such a generated supercontinuum could lend itself to pulse compression down to 22 fs.
Trapped excited electrons in Ni2+-doped perovskite KZnF3 nanocrystals in KF–ZnF2–SiO2 glass ceramics
Authors: Ding Dashuang , Wang Yanlong , Lin Changgui , Zhang Shaoqian , Duo Liping
Published: August 2020

The photonic properties of glass ceramics (GCs) are often enabled by encapsulating nanocrystals (NCs) and doped transition metal ions (TMIs). However, it is difficult to probe the optics-related effect between the host NCs’ band structure and doped TMIs’

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orbitals and the band edge, which could extract excitonic energy in photonic applications. These findings facilitate understanding and design of TMIs-doped GCs in real-life photonic applications.
Extraction of internal phase motions in femtosecond soliton molecules using an orbital-angular-momentum-resolved method
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Fan Jintao , Song Youjian , Morgner Uwe , Hu Minglie
Published: August 2020

Internal motions in femtosecond soliton molecules provide insight into universal collective dynamics in various nonlinear systems. Here we introduce an orbital-angular-momentum (OAM)-resolved method that maps the relative phase motion within a femtosecond soliton molecule into the rotational movement of the interferometric beam profile of two optical vortices. By this means, long-term relative phase evolutions of doublet and triplet soliton molecules generated in an all-polarization-maintaining mode-locked Er-fiber laser are revealed. This simple and practical OAM-resolved method represents a promising way to directly visualize the complex phase dynamics in a diversity of multisoliton structures.
Learning the ‘tracker’ process: A case study into popular music pedagogy
Authors: Anthony Brendan , Thompson Paul , Auvinen Tuomas
Published: August 2020

The ‘tracker’ production process is a modern form of music production agency where top-line songwriters work with music programmers called ‘trackers’, primarily within the confines of the digital audio workstation. In this case, production, songwriting and performance often happen concurrently, and collaboration involves the synthesis of ideas, musical negotiations and expertise in using digital and online technologies. In providing popular music production learning activities that translate to professional contexts, higher education institutions face a number of challenges, particularly where much of the collaboration is undertaken online. This article reports on a cohort of Bachelor of Popular Music students who undertook a tracker process module. Students’ perceptions of ‘engagement’ and ‘learning’ were captured via an assessment item and survey, and a themed analysis indicated that the pedagogy promoted the use of diverse social skills, was highly collaborative, relied both on specialist and non-specialist knowledge, and involved the use of digital and online communications.
Nyugati életszabály, keleti ihletettség a 6. század eleji latin szerzetesség világából
Authors: Baán Izsák
Published: August 2020

Amongst the early Latin, pre-benedictine monastic legislative texts there is a rule called “Regula Orientalis” conserved in the Codex Regularum of Saint Benedict of Aniane. Although it says nothing about its author and the community it was written to, it is easy to discover that its text quotes a lot from the Latin version of Saint Pachomius’ Rule translated by Saint Jerome and from an other source very close to the early rules of Lerins, particularly to the so called Second rule of the Fathers. The Regula Orientalis is a detailed presentation of the most important monastic charges beginning with to abbot and the prior arriving to the doorkeeper and the kitchen service. According to the theory of A. de Vogüé, one of the greatest scholars of the early western monasticism, the Regula Orientalis was born in the first decades of the 6th century in Gaul, maybe in a monastery in the Jura mountains, and it is a fusion between the lost rule of Lerins written by abbot Marinus and the pachomian institutions. The article presents the first Hungarian translation of the rule followed by a study of its major features and of its possible dating.
Heart Failure in Family Medicine
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: August 2020

Heart failure is a serious condition in which the amount of blood squeezed out of the heart every minute is insufficient to meet the body’s normal needs for oxygen and nutrients. Although some people wrongly believe that the term heart failure means that the heart has stopped, we must say that the term heart failure actually means that the heart has weakened and lost its ability to work. Heart failure has many causes including a many of diseases. Heart failure occurs most often in older people because they are much more likely to suffer from diseases that cause heart failure. Although heart failure gets worse over time, people with the condition can live for years.
Coping experiences of Pakistani nurses against corona stressor; a qualitative study
Authors: H. Haider Ali
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of the present qualitative study was to find out how Pakistani Nurses are experiencing the coping strategies against Corona- Stressor.Background: Corona is the World- Wide stressor for Nurses. The Pakistani Nurses are experiencing this stressor and are coping with it too. The present study is on Coping of Nurses of Pakistan against Corona- Stressor.Method: Narrative variation of qualitative research with conventional content analysis was applied to extract results from open- ended interview questions which were administered on nurses face to face with purposive sampling technique.Results: Six major themes; five of conventional coping strategies and one new coping strategy were used by Nurses against Corona- Stressor.Discussion & Conclusion: Nurses in Pakistan are using Standard Operating Procedures as a new coping strategy against Corona Stressor with the already established conventional coping strategies.Â Â Â
Editorial
Authors: Prieto Páez Leopoldo
Published: August 2020

Ya ha pasado la tormenta y los ánimos se han apaciguado, el malestar fue desatado y ha quedado en el ambiente la incomodidad que, como tantos otros, este fue sólo una discusión de moda que con el mismo ímpetu que se instala en el centro del debate, desaparece sin dejar rastro. Nos referimos a la controversia suscitada a propósito del lanzamiento de una convocatoria de Doctorado de Colciencias en la que se anunciaba que los fondos estarían destinados principalmente a las llamadas ciencias duras e ingeniería y en una proporción mucho menor a las humanidades y las ciencias sociales; al final, ningún doctorado en este campo del saber logró acceder a la bolsa de recursos.
El tratamiento de los problemas medioambientales en Sudamérica. Una mirada desde los esquemas de integración regional
Authors: Vega María Eugenia
Published: August 2020

Dada la naturaleza multidimensional y transnacional que han cobrado los problemas relativos al medioambiente, resulta inobjetable la necesidad de acciones concertadas por parte de los Estados en pos de su tratamiento. En el presente artículo se parte de considerar al regionalismo no solo como una estrategia adecuada de políticas dinámicas de concertación y cooperación, sino por sobre todo, para la construcción de instituciones y políticas de alcance regional en elámbito de los temas relativos al medioambiente. El modo de abordaje teóricodescriptivo con el uso del análisis de contenido como técnica de investigación cualitativa nos permitirá indagar acerca del tratamiento dado al medioambiente en los esquemas de integración regional presentes en América del Sur, específicamente a nivel subregional  CAN, Mercosur, Unasur y Alianza del Pacífico–. Como conclusión central se destaca la primacía del intergubernamentalismo endetrimento de la supranacionalidad, como principal obstáculo para la generación de políticas e instituciones ambientales comunes.
Lo femenino y lo monstruoso
Authors: Amaya García Natalia
Published: August 2020

Al abordar lo femenino como categoría asociada con lo monstruoso es posible comprender algunas lecturas que se le hacen al cuerpo de la mujer, construidas a través de la historia desde y por los hombres, partiendo de una posición en la que lo femenino y lo masculino han sido comprendidos como dos valores opuestos. Se genera así un posible paneo de una de las múltiples connotaciones de lo femenino y el ser mujer en nuestra cultura.
La investigación en pedagogía de la lengua y de la literatura en el escenario escolar
Authors: Quitián Bernal Sandra Patricia
Published: August 2020

El lenguaje como campo de investigación provee diversos objetos de estudio asociados con las múltiples formas a las que acceden los seres humanos para crear significados e interactuar socialmente, gracias a la pluralidad de sistemas semióticos insertos en la cultura. De ahí que la reflexión sobre la acción del lenguaje, y particularmente de la lengua y la literatura como experiencia discursiva y estética en el escenario escolar, resulte cada vez más necesaria y pertinente, si se considera la importancia que tiene para la escuela de hoy la búsqueda de nuevo conocimiento pedagógico y didáctico que coadyuve a la innovación de la práctica docente en estas disciplinas, propiamente desde la investigación educativa.
Búsqueda inductiva de datos y proyectos de investigación en lengua materna
Authors: Dussán Éder García
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se aborda el problema de cómo iniciarun proceso investigativo en el campo de la comunicaciónescolar en lengua materna y, con el fin  de orientar un camino que permita avanzar en estesentido, se exponen las fases que requiere un docenteinvestigador para la construcción de un proyectode investigación como condición previa para la expresiónsistemática de un problema de investigaciónque toma como objeto de estudio procesos lingüísticoscomo la lectura, la escritura, el habla, la escuchao las experiencias estéticas. Para dar cuenta de esto,nos basamos en los principios metodológicos de Tamayoy Tamayo (2004), los cuales se ejemplifican  con un hipotético caso que revela los detalles quepreceden a la escritura de un proyecto y, por tanto,a la consolidación de los elementos constitutivos dela sintaxis de un problema investigativo. El resultadode este esfuerzo deja ver la utilidad del razonamientoinductivo a propósito de la intención de obtenersaber pedagógico a través de la indagación desde elaula y para los actores de la escuela.
Prácticas de literacidad en la clase de biología en secundaria
Authors: Buitrago Díaz Diana Marcela , Naranjo Erika Alejandra , Cifuentes Baquero Nubia Johana , Moreno Mosquera Emilce
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se analizan las prácticas de lectura y escritura de la clase de biología, en el grado séptimo de dos instituciones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer cómo son las prácticas de literacidad en esta asignatura, y qué las distingue en relación al campo disciplinar, de ahí que este estudio se ubique en el marco de estudio de la literacidad disciplinar. Se trata de observar y analizar las prácticas de lectura y escritura escolares articuladas al mundo social, a partir de determinadas formas de actuar, sentir, creer y pensar. Se realizaron diez observaciones y se entrevistaron a las profesoras del área. A partir de ello, se identificaron las prácticas y los eventos letrados más comunes, los cuales fueron interpretados a través de las siguientes categorías: literacidad disciplinar, evento letrado, comunidad de discurso y dominio del área por parte del estudiante. De otro lado, se encontró, entre las concepciones de las profesoras acerca de la importancia de la lectura y la escritura, que dichas prácticas se asocian al uso de la lectura como recurso de investigación; al uso de la escritura como medio de producción desde conceptos interiorizados y la enseñanza de la biología como una posibilidad de formar el pensamiento científico.
Civic Councils for Education. Critical discourse analysis
Authors: Kosiorek Małgorzata
Published: August 2020

The aim of this article is to describe the genesis and activities of the Civic Council for Education project and to present it as an activity leading to the development and possible changes in the socialisation of Polish educational policy. The undertaken analysis concerns the reconstruction of knowledge of the society about the professional situation of teachers and their attitude towards current educational reality. The considerations were presented using critical discourse analysis.
The new investigation of the stability of mixed type additive-quartic functional equations in non-Archimedean spaces
Authors: Thanyacharoen Anurak , Sintunavarat Wutiphol
Published: August 2020

In this article, we prove the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability for the following additive-quartic functional equation:f(x+3y)+f(x-3y)+f(x+2y)+f(x-2y)+22f(x)+24f(y)=13{[}f(x+y)+f(x-y)]+12f(2y),wherefmaps from an additive group to a complete non-Archimedean normed space.
All things bright: copper grave goods and diet at the Neolithic site of Osłonki, Poland
Authors: Budd Chelsea , Bogucki Peter , Lillie Malcolm , Grygiel Ryszard , Lorkiewicz Wiesław , Schulting Rick
Published: August 2020

Understanding socioeconomic inequality is fundamental for studies of societal development in European prehistory. This article presents dietary (δ13C and δ15N) isotope values for human and animal bone collagen from Early Neolithic Osłonki 1 in north-central Poland (c. 4600–4100 cal BC). A new series of AMS radiocarbon determinations show that, of individuals interred at the same time, those with copper artefacts exhibit significantly higher δ13C values than those without. The authors’ results suggest a link between high-status goods and intra-community differences in diet and/or preferential access to the agropastoral landscape.
New polychrome painting from Gonur Depe, Turkmenistan
Authors: Fribus Alexey , Dubova Nadezhda , Sataev Robert , Sataeva Liliya , Kufterin Vladimir , Begliev Muhametnazar
Published: August 2020

Excavations at Gonur Oasis in the ancient delta of the Murghab River revealed a unique polychrome painting at the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex. Found in an unusual grave at Gonur 20, the painting may offer new insights into ancient technologies and interaction between Old World civilisations.
Characterizing PrEP Awareness and Interest Among Filipina Transgender Women
Authors: Restar Arjee J. , Adia Alexander , Cu-Uvin Susan , Operario Don
Published: August 2020

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can efficaciously avert HIV acquisition for individuals at risk, including transgender individuals (trans) in the Philippines. We conducted multivariate logistic regression procedures in an online sample of Filipina trans women (n = 139) to examine associations of PrEP awareness. In this sample, 53% of Filipina trans women were unaware of PrEP, but almost all (93%) expressed interest in taking PrEP once learning about it. Greater odds of PrEP awareness was associated with discussion of HIV services with their health care providers, higher HIV knowledge, and discussion of PrEP among trans friends. Lower odds of PrEP awareness was associated with reporting being currently unemployed. The findings underscore a subset of trans women who might be early adopters of PrEP, and highlight PrEP inequities among trans women most marginalized, including those who are unemployed and have engaged in sex work.
A Qualitative Exploration of Family, Work, Community, and Health Service Influences on HIV Treatment Uptake and Adherence Among Female Sex Workers in Three Cities in Indonesia
Authors: Mitchell Elke , Lazuardi Elan , Anintya Irma , Rowe Emily , Whitford Kate , Wirawan Dewa N. , Wisaksana Rudi , Subronto Yanri W. , Prameswari Hellen D. , Kaldor John , Bell Stephen
Published: August 2020

Qualitative data were collected from 34 Indonesian female sex workers to understand their engagement with HIV treatment. Influences that enhanced treatment initiation and adherence included women's desires to stay healthy to continue working to provide for families; awareness of the biomedical benefits of treatment; support from bosses, outreach workers, and peer support groups; and flexible, nonjudgmental HIV service provision. Influences inhibiting treatment initiation and adherence included concerns about unwanted disclosure in the workplace and side effects of medication on women's capacity to earn money through sex work; geographical location of services; discrimination and confidentiality concerns in HIV care services. To improve HIV treatment initiation and adherence among Indonesian female sex workers, future responses should explore health promotion messages that engage with women's family and livelihood obligations; increased funding for community-based peer outreach workers; community-based treatment initiation and supply; and advocacy in work environments to secure support for treatment initiatives.
She's A Country Girl All Right
Authors: Mack Kimberly
Published: August 2020

Classically trained vocalist, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and 2017 MacArthur “Genius” Fellow Rhiannon Giddens has in recent years enjoyed increased visibility in the contemporary country music world. In 2016, she was a featured singer on Eric Church's top-ten country hit, “Kill a Word,” and she won the Steve Martin Prize for Excellence in Banjo and Bluegrass that same year. Giddens also had a recurring role as social worker Hanna Lee “Hallie” Jordan on the long-running musical drama Nashville in 2017 and 2018. While Giddens now enjoys a certain degree of acceptance in the country music world, she has not always felt included in the various largely white, contemporary American roots scenes. As such, she continues to speak out to audiences and the press about the erasure of African Americans from histories of string music, bluegrass, country, and other styles and forms of American roots music. Using Giddens's 2017 International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) keynote, and the Carolina Chocolate Drops' music video for the song “Country Girl” from 2012's Leaving Eden, I demonstrate that Giddens effectively reclaims American old-time string music and country culture as black, subverting historically inaccurate racialized notions of country music authenticity.
Remapping Country Music in the Pacific
Authors: Nagatomi Mari
Published: August 2020

Studies that introduced country musicians outside the US have expanded our views on the creators of American country music. They have, however, reinforced our notion that non-US country musicians merely imitate the American “original.” More recent studies have advanced the field by asking how non-US actors use country music to manipulate the borders between their countries and the US by playing country music. Yet they emphasize that non-US actors exclusively encounter US culture through country music. This paper pushes the field forward to mapping country music onto post-war Japan, locating it within a Japanese domestic context, and showing how non-US actors used country to control the ideological context created there. By doing so, it rejects the common perception that the Japanese merely imitated the “authentic” American country music. Japanese men enjoyed American country music not simply because it was American, but precisely because they could make it their own. This paper examines why certain male musicians played country music as they recovered from defeat in World War II between 1945 and the mid-1950s. To do so, it illustrates how men—country musicians and their critics alike—performed and discussed country music during this period. Ultimately, this paper argues that country musicians played country to embody an alternative masculinity that could serve as both a deviation and critique of the expectations and direction of mainstream Japanese society.
miR17-92 cluster drives white adipose tissue browning
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Zhang Hanlin , Dong Meng , Zhang Lei , Lin Jun , Ye Rongcai , Zhou Huiqiao , Liu Xiaomeng , Jin Wanzhu
Published: August 2020

White adipose tissue (WAT) browning may have beneficial effects for treating metabolic syndrome. miRNA are important regulators of the differentiation, development, and function of brown and beige adipocytes. Here, we found that the cold-inducible miRNA17-92 cluster is enriched in brown adipose tissue (BAT) compared with WAT. Overexpression of the miR17-92 cluster in C3H10T1/2 cells, a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line, enhanced the thermogenic capacity of adipocytes. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in adiposity in adipose tissue-specific miR17-92 cluster transgenic (TG) mice. This finding is partly explained by dramatic increases in white fat browning and energy expenditure. Interestingly, the miR17-92 cluster stimulated WAT browning without altering BAT activity in mice. In addition, when we removed the intrascapular BAT (iBAT), the TG mice could maintain their body temperature well under cold exposure. At the molecular level, we found that the miR17-92 cluster targets Rb1, a beige cell repressor in WAT. The present study reveals a critical role for the miR17-92 cluster in regulating WAT browning. These results may be helpful for better understanding the function of beige fat, which could compensate for the lack of BAT in humans, and may open new avenues for combatting metabolic syndrome.
Extracellular phosphate sensing in mammals: what do we know?
Authors: Beck Laurent , Beck-Cormier Sarah
Published: August 2020

The critical role of phosphate (Pi) in countless biological processes requires the ability to control its concentration both intracellularly and extracellularly. At the body level, this concentration is finely regulated by numerous hormones, primarily parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). While this control of the body’s Pi homeostasis is now well documented, knowledge of the mechanisms that allow the cell and the body to detect extracellular Pi variations is much less known. These systems are well described in bacteria, yeasts and plants, but as will be discussed in this review, knowledge obtained from these organisms is not entirely relevant to the requirements of Pi biology in mammals. In this review, we present the latest findings on extracellular Pi sensing in mammals, and describe the mammalian Pi sensors identified to date, such as SLC20A1 (PIT1)/SLC20A2 (PIT2) heterodimers and the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). While there are many questions remaining to be resolved, a clarification of the Pi sensing mechanisms in mammals is critical to understanding the deregulation of Pi balance in certain life-threatening disease states, such as end-stage renal disease and associated vascular calcifications, and to proposing relevant therapeutic approaches.
The Wheat GENIE3 Network Provides Biologically-Relevant Information in Polyploid Wheat
Authors: Harrington Sophie A , Backhaus Anna E , Singh Ajit , Hassani-Pak Keywan , Uauy Cristobal
Published: August 2020

Gene regulatory networks are powerful tools which facilitate hypothesis generation and candidate gene discovery. However, the extent to which the network predictions are biologically relevant is often unclear. Recently a GENIE3 network which predicted targets of wheat transcription factors was produced. Here we used an independent RNA-Seq dataset to test the predictions of the wheat GENIE3 network for the senescence-regulating transcription factor NAM-A1 (TraesCS6A02G108300). We re-analyzed the RNA-Seq data against the RefSeqv1.0 genome and identified a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the wild-type and nam-a1 mutant which recapitulated the known role of NAM-A1 in senescence and nutrient remobilisation. We found that the GENIE3-predicted target genes of NAM-A1 overlap significantly with the DEGs, more than would be expected by chance. Based on high levels of overlap between GENIE3-predicted target genes and the DEGs, we identified candidate senescence regulators. We then explored genome-wide trends in the network related to polyploidy and found that only homeologous transcription factors are likely to share predicted targets in common. However, homeologs which vary in expression levels across tissues are less likely to share predicted targets than those that do not, suggesting that they may be more likely to act in distinct pathways. This work demonstrates that the wheat GENIE3 network can provide biologically-relevant predictions of transcription factor targets, which can be used for candidate gene prediction and for global analyses of transcription factor function. The GENIE3 network has now been integrated into the KnetMiner web application, facilitating its use in future studies.
Global Warming and Loss of Bearing Capacity of Permafrost: An Experimental Study on the Effects of Freezing/Thawing Cycles on a Silty Soil
Authors: Howald E. Prina , Torche J.
Published: August 2020

One of the major effects of global warming is the thawing of permafrost. This phenomenon has several consequences on the affected environments, such as the loss of soil bearing capacity, the beginning of the seasonal cycles of freezing/thawing and an increase in the frequency of occurrence of natural hazards.This paper focuses on the loss of soil bearing capacity. A preliminary experimental study was carried out to understand and quantify the changes in the behaviour of a silty soil subjected to a freezing / thawing cycle through a series of laboratory tests. After the soil used for the lab tests was characterised, many shear tests and oedometric tests were performed before, during and after freezing. The geotechnical parameters were deduced from the oedometric curves and Mohr-Coulomb diagrams obtained. The comparison of the results made it possible to observe the evolution of the soil parameters, i.e. the internal friction angle, the cohesion, and the oedometric curves.All tests were carried out according to Swiss standards for laboratory testing
Thermomodernization of Historical Buildings with Residential Facades
Authors: Dariusz Bajno
Published: August 2020

Historic buildings, as well as much newer ones, with architecturally attractive facades, will not be thermomodernized from the outside, Because of their high value stands in the way. One such case is mentioned in this article, in which an analysis of external vertical partitions was carried out, in terms of heat and humidity in a small residential building located in southern Poland and built in 1930. The article describes a hygrothermal analysis of the above mentioned partitions, before and after thermomodernization, which should assess the legitimacy and effectiveness of using controversial methods of insulation of external building partitions from their internal sides. The article is a summary of a five-year observation and research of the object, after its thermomodernization in 2015. The analysis was focused on its vertical partitions.
A Systematic Evaluation of Literature on Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Technologies with Multiple Dimensions
Authors:   Chandigarh University, Gharuan, CGC, Landran, Punjab-140307, India, Kaur Inderpreet , Saini Kamaljit Singh ,   Chandigarh University, Gharuan, CGC, Landran, Punjab-140307, India
Published: August 2020

The advent of state of the art advanced technologies is necessitated by the ever-increasing onset and infiltration of our lives by the smart devices and gadgets for providing an array of services. The conventional methods and techniques already becoming obsolete and the consistent and persistent demand for provision of high end services with a greater degree of accuracy by various sectors, paves the way for collaboration of smart technologies such as Internet of things, Internet of everything, Internet of Vehicles etc. with the smart gadgets and devices. This systematic review tries to explore the avenues for research and multiple streaming of segments by the analysis of allied smart systems comprising of smart devices and multi-dimensional IoT, IoE, IoV etc.
Performance Appraisal in the Era of New Normal
Authors:   The North Cap University, Gurugram-122017, Haryana, India, Kaushik Nitika , Arora Poonam ,   The North Cap University, Gurugram-122017, Haryana, India
Published: August 2020

Performance Appraisal is the process of assessing the accomplishments of workforce & to acknowledge their capabilities for facilitating development. Performance evaluation is one of the areas in human resource management which is considerably affected by the spread of pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. This virus outbreak posed new challenges for the companies across the globe. As a result in order to tackle this uncertainty various organizations have taken measures to cut down the expenses like deferment in the appraisal cycle or for muted salary increments. Thus one of the objectives of this paper is to study the impact of Covid -19 on performance appraisal of employees. Further this pandemic is equally challenging for the managers also. As social distancing and working remotely have become a new normal, employees work remotely from each other and from managers, and this will be more common in the future. Managers are now searching for new ways to ‘do visibility’ without always being physically present. It has also become the vital demand of the situation as managers must be aware of the circumstances in which employees are working in. Therefore another objective of this paper is to suggest an approach to manage the performance evaluations of remote working employees. It is recommended that managers should adopt the choice based approach for performance evaluation instead of control based approach. The review is formed on articles and reports from various internet sources and journals. Further some ways of managing the performance assessment of remotely working employees and scope for the future are also discussed.
A Literature Review on Machine Learning Applications in Financial Forecasting
Authors:   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Muskaan Muskaan , Sarangi Pradeepta Kumar ,   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India
Published: August 2020

Analyzing the past trend and predicting the future movement is an important aspect for every business. Knowing the future value makes an organization more efficient in planning specially if it is related to financial factors. This can be achieved by analyzing the historical data of the company. This is called time series analysis. The increased application of computer and information technologies has made this more effective and accurate which is called machine learning. Methods of Machine Learning (ML) have been proposed as alternative approach to statistical methods by many researchers in their academic literature. This paper presents a review of the works where the authors have used machine learning techniques in financial forecasting.
Resultados a corto plazo de la artroplastia total de cadera con tallos femorales de fijación metafisaria de segunda generación
Authors: Bochatey Eduardo Javier , Lopreite Fernando Adrián
Published: August 2020

Introducción: Considerando la gran cantidad de artroplastias totales de cadera que se realizan hoy en pacientes jóvenes, es esencial comprender ampliamente la supervivencia de dichos implantes. La estabilidad del componente femoral y su resistencia al hundimiento son factores críticos para lograr una correcta osteointegración y el subsiguiente éxito clínico en la artroplastia total de cadera no cementada. Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se analizó a todos los pacientes sometidos a un reemplazo total de cadera primario, por nuestro equipo, entre diciembre de 2017 y mayo de 2018. Se seleccionó a quienes se les habían colocado tallos de fijación metafisaria de segunda generación. Se compararon los valores obtenidos con nuestra base de datos de pacientes a los que se les colocaron tallos de primera generación. Resultados: Al evaluar las 82 artroplastias totales de cadera del grupo 1, contemplando el primer año de seguimiento posoperatorio, hallamos 2 (2,44%) complicaciones registradas durante la cirugía (una fractura de calcar y una falsa vía generada mientras se trabajaba el canal femoral). Un paciente (2%) de los 49 evaluados en el grupo 2 requirió una revisión del tallo femoral, por aflojamiento aséptico, a los 5 meses de la cirugía primaria. Conclusiones: Según nuestra experiencia, este tipo de implantes es conveniente para alcanzar resultados clínicos comparables con los obtenidos usando los de la generación anterior, pero disminuyendo el riesgo de complicaciones intraoperatorias durante su colocación. Es un método reproducible con una baja curva de aprendizaje en manos experimentadas.
Nivel de Evidencia: IV