bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Struktur dan Komposisi Tegakan Mangrove di Pantai Paradiso, Kelurahan Oesapa Barat, Kecamatan Kelapa Lima, Kota Kupang, NTT
Authors: Seran Wilhelmina
Published: July 2019

Pantai Paradiso merupakan salah satu tempat wisata di Kota Kupang. Informasi tentang susunan atau komposisi vegetasi secara bentuk (struktur) vegetasi dari masyarakat tumbuh-tumbuhandi hutan mangrove Paradiso belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang susunan, komposisis dan struktur di hutan mangrove Paradiso yang dapat dijadikan bahan acuan dalam pengelolaan hutan mangrove kedepannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis vegetasi menggunakan metode jalur transek, sebanyak 9 plot dengan ukuran 2 x 2 m, 5 x 5 m dan 10 x 10 m yang dilakukan di hutan mangrove Paradiso. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Avicenia marinna  dan Rhizopora sp adalah 2 jenis mangrove yang  terdapat di hutan mangrove pantai Paradiso. Struktur vegetasi mangrove di hutan mangrove pantai Paradiso   tergolong kedalam stratum C- E dilihat dari tinggi tumbuhan dalam setiap fase pertumbuhan.Komposisi vegetasi mangrove di hutan mangrove pantai Paradiso berdasarkan hasil analisis vegetasi menunjukan nilai Kerapatan, Frekuensi, Dominansi  serta INP jenis Avicenia marinna lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis Rhizopora sp. pada semua fase pertumbuhan.  Hal ini menunjukan keberadaan Avicenia marinna mampu beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dari pada Rhizopora sp.
Dampak Kebijakan “Revolusi Pertanian Malaka” Terhadap Produktivitas Ekonomi Masyarakat Kabupaten Malaka NTT
Authors: Seran Matilde Niis , Nursalam Nursalam , Stefanus Kotan Y.
Published: July 2019

MKabupaten Malaka merupakan daerah otonomi baru yang dipandang potensial dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan pengembangan sektor pertanian. Kebijakan pemerintah kabupaten Malaka secara khusus difokuskan untuk mendorong pembangunan sektor pertanian secara cepat melalui program Revolusi Pertanian Malaka (RPM). Dampak kebijakan RPM di Kabupaten Malaka belum diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan dampak kebijakan RPM dan  faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan kebijakan RPM dalam mengembangkan produktivitas ekonomi masyarakat Malaka. Jenis dan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif sederhana. Penentuan lokasi penelitian berdasarkan kriteria yang menganut azas penentuan lokasi dengan pertimbangan tertentu atau purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Program RPM sejak tahun 2016 terbukti memberikan dampak positif bagi peningkatan produksi pertanian, pendapatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dampak lain yaitu peningkatan performa agronomis (padi, jagung, dan bawang merah) yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan kebijakan RPM antara lain faktor internal (pengetahuan, ketrampilan sikap petani dalam menghadapi perubahan yang dibawa oleh program RPM)  dan faktor eksternal (iklim, ketersediaan pupuk, teknologi anjuran tata dan jarak tanam padi, tenaga kerja tanam, inovasi untuk tanam jagung  double track, produksi pertanian bersifat musiman dan daya tahan simpan (bawang merah) pasca panen dan pemasaran.
Iktiofauna di padang lamun Pulau Tatumbu Teluk Kotania, Seram Barat–Maluku
Authors: Latuconsina Husain , Padang Anita , Ena Aris M.
Published: July 2019

Padang lamun merupakan ekosistem khas perairan pantai sebagai habitat penting bagi iktiofauna. Salah satu kawasan pulau-pulau kecil dengan potensi padang lamun yang didukung keberadaan ekosistem mangrove dan terumbu karang adalah perairan pulau Tatumbu – Teluk Kotania, Seram Barat, Maluku. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat distribusi spasial-temporal dan struktur komunitas iktiofauna pada ekosistem padang lamun. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei - Juli 2015 selama periode siang dan malam hari di ekosistem padang lamun dengan karakteristik habitat berbeda. Koleksi iktiofauna menggunakan jaring insang dasar, dan pengukuran parameter oseanografi meliputi kecepatan arus, suhu, salinitas, dan pH. Total jumlah iktiofauna terkoleksi sebanyak 296 individu, 35 spesies, 23 genera dari 21 famili yang tergolong ke dalam tujuh ordo. Secara temporal, biodiversitas, kelimpahan dan struktur komunitas iktiofauna dipengaruhi oleh sifat diurnal dan nokturnal, sedangkan secara spasial dipengaruhi oleh karaktersitik habitat lamun dan kedekatannya dengan ekosistem mangrove dan terumbu karang. Sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan ketiga ekosistem secara utuh untuk mendukung kehidupan iktiofauna dan pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan berbasis ekosistem.
Campur Kode dan ALih Kode pada Komunikasi Sehari-hari Masyarakat di Sekitar Tahura Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Misriani Agita
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study aims to describe mixed code and code transfer communicating in the daily activities of the Lembak people in the Tahura area and the use of the Tahura area.The scope of this research is non formal activities. Partiipants in this study are, Adolescents, adult and parents, with education ranging from those who are not in school, high school and university. Respondents in this study had different jobs ranging from students, housewife, food sellers, and famers. This research refers to the theory put forward by (Chaer and Agustina 1995:4), Appeal (in Suwito, 1983:5), Nababan ( in Chaer and Agustina, 2004:3) about sociolinguistics. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. After conducting research, the authors found data including, the are four languages used by the Lembak people in Tahura Communicate, namely the Lembak language, Bengkulu Malay Language, Rejang language, an javanese. The use of these four languages is in accordance with the context and participants As a result of languages other than Lembak, code and code switching emerged when poeple communicated in their daily activities.Keywords: Mixed Code, Transfer Code
PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI CaO/γ-Al2O3SEBAGAI KATALIS
Authors: Yanuar Emsal , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: July 2019

Pada penelitian ini, telah dilakukan preparasi dan karakterisasi katalis CaO/γ-Al2O3 menggunakan metode impregnasi basah yang berbahan dasar kalsium asetat sebagai sumber CaO dan γ-Al2O3 sebagai material pendukung katalis. Berdasarkan hasil analisa menggunakan XRD dan XRF, zeolite alam Sumbawa merupakan golongan mineral Gismondin dengan mengandung aluminum yang cukup besar yaitu sekitar 21%. Material γ-Al2O3 disiapkan dari material lokal sumbawa (zeolit alam) menggunakan metode pelindian asam yang dilanjuti dengan proses presipitasi dengan cara mengatur pH larutan sehingga didapatkan Aluminium hidroksida, selanjutnya dicampurkan dengan kalsium asetat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, material CaO telah berhasil diimpregnasi dipermukaan γ-Al2O3 dengan suhu kalsinasi 750oC. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya muncul peak baru yang mengindikasikan peak dari CaO pada difaktogram XRD. Hal ini juga diperkuat dari hasil analisa menggunakan FTIR juga terindikasi bahwa CaO sudah terimpregansi dipermukaan material γ-Al2O3. Berdasarkan analisa menggunakan indikatro hammet bahawa peningkatan persentase CaO pada γ-Al2O3 meningkatkan sifat basanya.
COMPARISION OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MRI IN DIAGNOSING HIPOCAMPAL ATROPHY AMONG CASES OF TEMPORAL EPILEPSY.
Authors: Raouf Abdul , Jehangir Saba , Shoukat Asma , Ahsan Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is the most common pathology in patients undergoing anterior temporal lobectomy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is valuable in detecting MTS. Reduced hippocampal volume and elevated T2 signal are associated with MTS, and both quantitative T2 and volumetric measurementshave been associated with hippocampal cellular loss that characterizes this condition. Objectives: To determine the accuracy of hippocampal quantitative (T2 relaxometric) assessment in diagnosing hippocampal atrophy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by comparing it with qualitative (visual) assessment on MRI. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Radiology department of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: 12 months from theapproval from Sep, 2016 to Dec, 2017. Subjects & Methods: After taking permission from hospital ethical committee, and written informed consent, patients with history of temporal lobe epilepsy and EEG findings consistent with temporal lobe epilepsy were examined on 1.5 Tesla Achieva philips scanner, visual assessment and T2 relaxometry. Section of the hippocampus head was defined as the first in which it was possible to see the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle and therefore to appropriately separate the hippocampal formation from the amygdala. The body of the hippocampus defined in the fourth coronal section after the region of interest of the hippocampus head, and the tail was defined in the third coronal section after the hippocampus body, in which it is also possible to visualize the quadrigeminal plate (section of 5mm).Visually the images were assessed and MRI examination was done. All the data was collected on a performa. Results: We concluded that the frequency of accuracy of hippocampal quantitative (t2 relaxometric) assessment in diagnosing hippocampal atrophy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by comparing it with qualitative (visual) assessment on MRIis high but needs validation through some-other studies. Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of accuracy of hippocampal quantitative (t2 relaxometric) assessment in diagnosing hippocampal atrophy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by comparing it with qualitative (visual) assessment on MRI is high but needs validation through some-other studies.
DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF ABRAMS PLEURAL BIOPSY IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH LYMPHOCYTIC EXUDATIVE PLEURAL EFFUSION.
Authors: Sardar Kashif , Javed Nasir , Saleem Safdar Sufyan
Published: July 2019

Background: Pleural effusion is the one of the most common clinical conditions encountered in pulmonology clinics and the routinely performed tests on pleural fluid do not provide definitive diagnosis in majority of the cases. Medical thoracoscopy with pleural biopsy under direct vision of the abnormal area provides the highest diagnostic yield. Abrams closed needle pleural biopsy is a conventional and cheaper procedure which can help in the definitive diagosis in cases of undiagnosed pleural effusion. Objectives: To determine the diagnostic yield of abrams pleural biopsy in patients presenting with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Pulmonology Nishtar Hospital Multan; Tertiary care hospital of 1180 beds. Period: Six months. Results: There were 145 patients diagnosed with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion. Of these 145 study cases, males were 83/145 (57.2%) whereas females were 62/145 (42.8%). Mean age of our patients was 41.62 ± 13.63 years while mean duration of illness was 7.0 ± 3.24 weeks. When the frequencies of various diagnosis established on the basis of histopathology results obtained from the tissue specimen obtained with Abrams pleural biopsy was noted, Tuberculosis was the major cause of lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion as its frequency was noted to be in 81/145 (55.9%) of our patients while malignancy was present in 26/145 (17.9%) of our study cases whereas the histopathology turned out to be inconclusive in 38/145 (26.2%) showing non-specific inflammation. The diagnostic yield of Abrams pleural biopsy turned out to be 73.8% whereas it was unable to establish diagnosis in 26.2%. Conclusion: Abrams needle pleural biopsy is simple, reliable and safe method of diagnosis with a good diagnostic yield. Routine use of this procedure in patients with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion can lead to a definitive diagnosis in majority of patients.
ETIOLOGY OF OPHTHALMIC MEDICOLEGAL CASES PRESENTING TO TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Amjad Arooj , Shaheer Muhammad , Saleem Zubair
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To study the etiology and visual acuity profile of ophthalmic medicolegal cases presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: 1-3-2017 to 30-10-2018. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted after taking ethical approval from the institutional review board. Record of medicolegal cases presenting during the study period were studied and assessed. In this study, etiology of trauma inflicted to eye and visual acuity at presentation were analyzed in addition to the age, gender and eye distribution. Age and visual acuity were categorized into subsets for assessment. Results: The authors reviewed the data of 40 ophthalmic medicolegal cases presenting to the department. The medicolegal cases were common in patients aging between 21-30 years (32.5%) which predominantly involved males (65%). Right eye was involved in 40% of patients and 35% of patients had normal (6/6) visual acuity. Most common trauma inflicted to eye was by fist or blow from hand in 75% of cases. Conclusion: Trauma to eye in medicolegal cases is common and is frequently inflicted by fist or hand.
SOMATIZATION AND MEDICALLY UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS – PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES AMONG WOMEN AT NAHAQI – KPK, PAKISTAN
Authors: Raza Ali , Zainab Hajira
Published: July 2019

Background: Medically unexplained physical symptoms or somatization accounts for about half of the OPD visits in primary care setup. These are unclear symptoms and cannot be explained by medical or neurologic conditions. They are associated with significant stigma and over burden utilization of medical services, and results in frustration both for clinician and for the patient. The study is aimed to determine the prevalence of somatization and its association with anxiety and depression among women at Nahaqi - Charsadda and also to find out the medically unexplained symptoms among women at Nahaqi. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Setting: Village Nahaqi at Nahaqi Emergency Satellite Hospital (NESH) Charsadda – KPK, Pakistan. Period: September 2016 to March, 2017. Methodology: 100 females were included in this study after informed consent. American Psychiatric Association, Level 1 Cross-cutting Symptom Measure and Level 2 – Somatic Symptoms Adult Measure containing 23 and 15 questions respectively were used. Data were collected through interviews; entered and analyzed in SPSS. The study was conducted from September 2016 to March 2017. Results: 100 out of 120 women in the age range of 15 to 65 years, mean age 37.09 ± 12.08 years responded with response rate of 83.3%. Majority were illiterate (79 %), married (81 %) women. 86 % women reported unexplained body aches and pains. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among women at Nahaqi was 50 and 57 % respectively and all items were highly significant (P < 0.000) with somatic score categories (Minimal, Low, Medium, High). The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms was found out to be 84 %, which includes all high and medium score cases. 59 women had 5 or more mild to moderate somatic complaints, while 49 reported 5 or more severe complaints. The most frequent complaints were aches and pains (headache, backache and musculo-skeletal aches and pains) followed by lack of energy, general asthenia. Conclusion: Nearly every second women was noted to have unexplained aches and pains, which shows that somatization is a frequent complaint in primary health settings. Majority cases were milder, however, patients showing severe impairment or more complaints they need particular attention. Although MUS result in extra stress on health services utilization in women visiting a rural health facility – Nahaqi; those with serious impairment shall be referred for psychiatric evaluation. A comprehensive medical, psycho-social model that involves community shall be formulated to address this issue.
FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF LIVER INVOLVEMENT IN DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION.
Authors: Tareen Masood , Hussain Awan Riaz , Nayab Seema , Hussain Awan Khadim
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To determine the frequency & severity of liver involvement in dengue infection among adults at tertiary care hospital. Period: Six months (9th May 2016 to 9th Nov 2016). Study Design:  Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Medicine Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. Patients and Methods: Results: A total of 343 patients with Dengue fever were selected to conduct this study with mean age of 34.67±9.09 years. Mean duration of the fever was 7.31±1.62 days. Mean duration of hospital stay of the patients came out to be 3.50+0.82 days. Severity of liver enzymes derangement was mild in 80 patients (23%), moderate in 246 (72%) & severe in 17(5%). Mortality was seen in 14% (47 patients) & 100% mortality was seen in dengue fever patients with severely deranged Liver enzymes. Conclusion: Dengue fever patients with deranged liver enzymes had statistically worse outcome thus can lead to early recognition of high risk cases.
COMPARISON OF OPEN MESH HERNIOPLASTY WITH LAPAROSCOPIC TOTAL EXTRAPERITONEAL (TEP) MESH REPAIRS FOR INGUINAL HERNIAS.
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Saleem Kaiser , Riaz Dab Osman , Ahmad Khan Rana Asrar , Hayat Saddaqat , Lateef Ata Ul
Published: July 2019

Background: Open Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty is universally accepted as a safe, well-understood method with a high success rate, the laparoscopicrepair of an inguinal hernia is a comparatively recent technique. Although the laparoscopic approach to a hernia repair procedure is related to less pain and faster recovery than openrepair, many surgeons are not familiar with this technique due to the technical demands and a long learning curve. In literature, there is controversy about the efficacy of both techniques. So, this study is conducted to evaluate a technique with better efficacy that will be offered to the patients in the future. Objectives: To compare the outcome of open mesh hernioplasty (Lichtenstein technique) with laparoscopic total extraperioneal (TEP) mesh repairs for the treatment of inguinal hernias. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Department of Surgery, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: From 7th February 2014 to 6th August 2014. Materials and Methods: 154 male patients with age between 20-45 years were included. Patients having INR > 1.5, history of chronic cough and previous abdominal surgery were excluded. Laparoscopic hernioplasty was performed in group A (n=77) and open hernioplasty was performed in group B (n=77). Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.91±7.78. In group A, 3 (3.9%) patients had ascrotal hematoma, while it was 12(15.6%) in group B. There is statistically significant difference between two groups (p-value=0.014). Conclusion: Laparoscopic TEP can be performed safely with acceptable postoperative complication and is better treatment modality than open mesh hernioplasty.
SURGICAL OUTCOME OF CRANIOTOMY AND MEMBRANECTOMY FOR ORGANISED CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA.
Authors: Rehman Riaz ur , Siddique Attiya Nasir , Khan Muhammad Nawaz , Jamal Akbar
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition in elderly population that a neurosurgeon comes across in his neurosurgical practice. There are more than one treatment options for this condition .In recurrent cases craniotomy and membranectomy is more suitable treatment strategy. The purpose of the study is to find out the best possible surgical treatment option for the organised chronic subdural hematoma. Study Design: Retrospectively study. Setting: Neurosurgery Department, Hayatabadad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Period: 15 March 2009 to 14 March 2017. Patients and Methods: All patients with OCSDH irrespective of their ages and gender being previously operated twice for CSDH via two burholes or single boreholes aspirations, were enrolled in the study. Those patient who refused to be enrolled into the study or those with coagulopathies or with moribund comorbid were not considered for this study as these confounders may bias the study results. The OCSDH was diagnosed on CT scan brain. Their data were stored in semi structured porforma and analysed in SPSS. Frequency and percentage were calculated for variables like age, sex, mechanism of trauma, clinical features, CT scan findings, complications and postoperative outcome. Results: Total 17 patients were operated, there were 13 men and 4 women, and the mean age was 66 years (61 ± 12.1), with a range of 28–87 years. The commonest presentation of our study population was persistent headache followed by altered consciousness. Per operatively we noted Age related brain atrophy in 8 (61.54%) patients. Three patients (23.07%) with recurrence were also having evidence of some pneumocephalous. We noted bony calcified membrane in 4 patients (23.53%). Thick membrane with straw coloured sludge and debris was found in 13 patients (76.47). The commonest post complication in our study population was postop seizure which was noted in 4(23.53%) patients. One patients who also had Basal ganglion bleed died due to status epileticus. Wound infection was was seen in one patient (7.70%). Conclusion: Craniotomy with membranectomy produce very good results in patients with organised CSDH. However the surgeon should be ready to aggressively treat the post complication like seizures which may lead to dreadful con sequences if not treated appropriately and well in time.
TO DETERMINE THE RECURRENCE RATE OF STRICTURE URETHRA FOLLOWING OPTICAL URETHROTOMY IN DEPARTMENT OF UROLOGY AT PEOPLE’S MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL NAWABSHAH, A 2 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE.
Authors: Qureshi Salman Manzoor , Sohail Muhammad Ali , Memon Aijaz Hussain , Rehman Sahito Mujeeb ur , Bhatti Muhammad Shahid , Ali Chandio Mumtaz
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To determine the recurrence rate of Stricture Urethra following Optical Urethrotomy in department of Urology at people’s medical college hospital Nawabshah, a 2 years’ experience. Study Design: Prospective observational. Setting: Department of Urology at People’s Medical College Hospital Nawabshah. Period: January 2016 to January 2018. Methodology: Patients who fulfill inclusion criteria were admitted through Urology OPD. An informed consent was taken. All baseline investigations / Antegrade and Retrograde Urethrogram, Qmax in uroflowmetery, post void residual ultrasound scan were performed in all cases. The patients were asked to attend the OT after anesthetic assessment, under spinal anesthesia. They were advised to have follow-up visits with uroflowmetery and PVR. All the collected data was filled on Performa. Data was analyzed through SPSS Version 20.0. Results: A total of 95 patients (100 %) underwent first session of DVIU, out of 95 patients 37 patients (38.95 %) showed improvement in subjective, while remaining 58 patients (61.05%) showed deterioration. so they underwent second session of DVIU. After second session of DVIU 15 patients (25.86%) out of remaining 58 patients showed improvement, while 43 patients (74.14%) remained in agony, So I counseled them all (remaining 43 patients) for third sitting of DVIU or open urethroplasty. Out of 43 remaining patients only 23 patients willingly underwent third session of DVIU and remaining 20 patients refused and they directly underwent open end to end urethroplasty. The 23 patients, who underwent DVIU, have failed and finally they also underwent urethroplasty. Conclusion: The recurrence rate after DVIU has based on multiple factors that should be properly addressed during treatment planning to avoid unnecessary re treatment, to decrease the rate of more invasive open surgical procedure.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CAUDAL EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA IN ANORECTAL SURGERY.
Authors: Malik Sajid , Mirani Shahid Hussain , Kumar Dileep
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of caudal epidural anaesthesia in patients with anorectal surgical condition. Study Design: Prospective randomized study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Period: 1st August 2016 to 31st July 2017. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eighty patients with general anorectal surgical conditions were recruited in this study with their consent. Patients were subject to surgery planned beneath caudal block. Results: One hundred and fifty eight patients (87%) satisfy with the technique of anaesthesia and one hundred sixty six (92.22%) patients demonstrate satisfaction with the postoperative pain control. One hundred and fifty two patients (84.44%) were resisted with pre-operative information and 158 (87%) patients show their consent to select this kind of anaesthesia if needed again. In 20 patients there was block failure caused about 11.11% failure rate. Conclusion: Satisfactory anaesthesia, minimal requirements, cost effectiveness and high patients acceptability make caudal anaesthesia a suitable choice for trivial and surgery.
RELATIONSHIP OF MEASLES CASES IN MEASLES VACCINATED CHILDREN DURING OUTBREAK OF MEASLES IN BAHAWALPUR.
Authors: Tahseen Shahzadi Asma
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical profile and case fatality rate and their comparison in relation with vaccination status in admitted children. Study Design: Case series retrospective study. Setting: Pediatric units of the tertiary care Hospitals (Bahawal Victoria Hospital and the Civil Hospital) affiliated with Quaid-e-Azam medical College Bahawalpur situated in Southern Punjab, Pakistan). Period: 01/01/2013 to 06/9/2013. Methods and Material: A clinical diagnosis of measles (as made by consultants of said Pediatric units) and residing in Bahawalpur district for more than one month of period before admitting in the hospital was included and reviewed. The help of Statistical department of Executive District Officer Health Bahawalpur was taken for missing information as the measles is notifiable disease and all cases were notified to Executive District Officer Health. The children who were nonresident of Bahawalpur District or with incomplete data were excluded. The children were divided into three groups depending on number of measles vaccine doses given. Results: The data of 557 children admitting during the period 01/01/2013 to 06/9/2013 with a clinical diagnosis of measles and resident of Bahawalpur district was included. 52.97% were males. 26.57% were unvaccinated and 73.43% vaccinated (39.14% with one dose and 34.29% with two doses). The mean age ± SD in unvaccinated children was 24.68±27.04, with one dose vaccination 50.94 ±35.58 and with two doses vaccination was 45.05 ±23.67 months. The case fatality rate was 2.87%. The case fatality was significantly higher in males vaccinated with two doses of vaccine as compared to either ones vaccinated with one dose or unvaccinated ones but this difference was not found in females. Conclusion: This study shows that there is urgent need of proper surveillance of measles cases.
PROPHYLAXIS OF POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING LAPAROSCOPIC PROCEDURES WITH 5-HT3 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS, A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.
Authors: Ahmed Siddiqui Maqsood , Soomro Ahmed Uddin , Raza Hamid , - Kamlaish
Published: July 2019

Objectives: In this study we aim to study the efficacy of Ramosetron and Palonosetron in preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting in high risk patients. Study Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: A Large Tertiary Care Centre in Karachi. Period: 9 months from January 2017 to September 2017. Method: N=81 participants took part in the study. The patient population was divided into three groups.. Patients belonging to group A received Palonosetron 0.075mg mixed with normal saline in a mixture of 3ml, prior to induction, and received 3ml of normal saline half an hour prior to the end of the procedure. Patients in group B received 3ml of normal saline prior to induction and a mixture of 0.3mg of Ramosetron mixed with normal saline as 3ml half an hour before end of procedure. In group C patients received normal saline 3ml both before induction and half an hour prior to end of surgery. Results: The patient demographics were similar in all the groups and no significant difference was found. The incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting during 2 hours post operatively was 41.97%, the incidence of nausea at 2 hours was in group A= 33.33%, in group B= 29.62%, in group C= 62.96% respectively, having a p value of 0.014 refer to table 2. After 48 hours of surgery the overall incidence of vomiting in the groups was not significant having a p value of 0.428 and an incidence of 6.172%. Conclusion: Palonosetron and Ramosetron are equally effective in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in high risk patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological procedures.
FREQUENCY OF HBV, HCV, AND HIV AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDUS), AND CO-RELATION WITH SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, TYPE USE AND DURATION OF SUBSTANCE USE.
Authors: Jat Muhammad Ilyas , Rind Ghulam Rasool
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Psychoactive drug use is a continual and chronic psychological and physical disease that is characterized by persistent substance use, regardless of detrimental results. Hepatitis B, C and HIV infections constitute serious healthcare issues worldwide. Objectives: To determine the frequency of HBV, HCV, and HIV among Injection Drug Users (IDUs), visiting a tertiary care centre at Karachi, Pakistan, co-relation with socioeconomic status, type of substance use and duration of substance use. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Psychiatry Outpatient Department (OPD), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, JPMC, Karachi. Period: 5th Aug 2016 to 5th Feb 2017. Material and Methods: Total 280 cases of both genders having Injection Drug Use history were enrolled in the study. Non-probability (consecutive) sampling was done. The data was analysed on SPSS version 20.0. Results: The average age of patients was 32.26 ±9.83 years. Majority 256 (91.4%) were male. Out of 280, 142 (50.7%) were married, 108 (38.6%) were single, 20 (7.1%) were widow and 10 (3.6%) were divorced/separated. Most of patients belonged to lower socioeconomic class. Opioids were the most common substance used and most of patients were using substance for more than 2 years. Majority of patients were preliterate or educated till primary and were jobless. HCV was predominantly present followed by HBV, HIV as 47 (16.8%), 22 (7.9%) and 9 (3.2%) respectively. Conclusion: Frequency of infections with HBV, HCV and HIV is quite high and alarming.
LAPAROSCOPIC TRANS-ABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL VERSUS LICHTENSTEIN REPAIR OF INGUINAL HERNIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.
Authors: Jamil Munawar , Niaz Khurram , Tahir Fatima , Sobia Humaira
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To compare Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP)  to open Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair for operation time, acute postoperative pain, complications, hospital stay, time to return to work to find out which has better outcome. Study Design: A prospective randomised controlled trial. Setting: QAMC/BVH Bahawalpur; Pakistan. Period: July 2017 to June 2018. Methodology: It included 50 patients, 32 in Lichtenstein group and 18 in TAPP group above the age of 18 years. Operation time, acute postoperative pain, complications, hospital stay, time to return to work were compared in two groups. Data analysis was done on SPSS 23 version. Results: Mean age of patients were 45±9.79 and 44.95±9.82 in Lichtenstein and laparoscopic group, 96% were male. Operation time was 37.96±13.66 vs. 48.77±9.99 (Min), hospital stay 2.28±0.79 vs.1.55±0.63 (Days), time to return to work 13.20±4.75 vs.10.47±3.59 (Days) in Lichtenstein and laparoscopic group respectively. Pain score was 6.1±1.9 vs. 5.2±0.94 in Lichtenstein and laparoscopic group. In immediate complications haematoma 6.25% vs. 0%, seroma 3.12% vs. 11.11%, wound infection 9.37% vs.5.55%, visceral injury 0% vs. 5.5% in Lichtenstein to laparoscopic group respectively. In long term complications chronic pain 28.12% vs.11.11%, recurrence 3.12% vs.0%, port site hernia 0% vs. 5.55%, numbness 9.37% vs. 0% in Lichtenstein and Laparoscopic group respectively. Mortality was nil in both groups. Conclusion: Although there is insignificant difference in complication rate, Laparoscopic hernia repair is better than Lichtenstein repair in terms of less postoperative pain, less hospital stay and early return to work.
PREVALENCE OF GINGVITIS IN PATIENTS VISITING BIBI ASEEFA DENTAL COLLEGE, LARKANA.
Authors: Tufail Benish , Khuhawar Sajda , - Faisal , Shaikh Basit Ahmed , Raikinger Simran , Talreja Komal
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Oral health is an important portion of overall healthiness which is attained by virtuous oral hygiene. Most common oral disease is gingivitis and its prime etiological reason is plaque and as well as calculus deposition leading to bleeding gums. Energies need to be fixated on raising inhabitant’s consciousness of the importance of oral hygiene and on early diagnosis of gingival and periodontal problem. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of gingivitis in patients visiting Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Larkana.  Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Larkana. Period: From 4th March to 10th June 2018. Materials and Methods: 200 patients reporting to the outpatient department were involved in the study. The data was collected through questionnaire followed by examination of gingiva using gingival index of Loe and Silness with the help of dental mirror and probe. Data was analysed by Statistical Products and Service Solution (SPSS) version-16. Results: The males were 44.5% and females were 55.5%. Prevalence of gingivitis was 55%. Gingival status was evaluated as 36% mild, 15.5% moderate and 2% had severe type of gingivitis. 48% gingivitis was in males and 52% was in females and it was statistically not significant. Conclusion: Majority of patients who had complaint of gingivitis, were due to lack of maintenance of oral hygiene and those who maintain their oral hygiene were reported as normal health status.
COMPARISON OF ONDANSETRON AND METOCLOPRAMIDE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA.
Authors: Shuja Hajra , Shah Mehmood Ali , Bokhari Sadaf
Published: July 2019

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a standard treatment for cholelithiasis. It is a safe and effective treatment in many cases. General anesthesia has a high incidence for PONV. But anti-emetic drugs can help in preventing PONV. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of ondansetron and metoclopramide in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Department of Anaesthesia, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months i.e. from 15-2-2017 to 15-8-2017. Material & Methods: The patients were divided into two groups. Ondansetron was given to group A patients within 15 minutes of induction, and metoclopramide to group B patients within 15 minutes of induction. Then patients were shifted to the ward after surgery and followed-up for 24 hours for assessment of PONV. All the data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 38.40±12.07 years and in group B was 42.63±11.77 years. The efficacy achieved in 53 were from group A and 39 were from group B Statistically significant difference was found between the study groups i.e. p-value=0.003. Conclusion: Ondansetron showed significantly better efficacy than metoclopramide in preventing PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.
Starting Condition Problems in Collaboration of Lampung Province Central Government Displacement Policy
Authors: Mukhlis Maulana , Rahmatunnisa Mudiyati , Yuningsih Neneng Yani
Published: July 2019

Starting condition is a key factor in determining the success of collaborative governance in policy implementation. Operationally, starting condition is determined by aspects of power/resource balance, trust between collaborators, various types of incentives to encourage participation, and previous history of cooperation experiences or conflict from related parties in collaboration. This research aims to provide description and confirmation concerning the extent of starting condition related to the termination of Lampung province central government displacement policy. It is descriptive research using the inductive approach. Methods of data collection used are interviews, observations, and library study. Data are being analyzed qualitatively through steps of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The research result shows that three out of four aspects of starting conditions are not considered in starting the collaboration process of Lampung province central government displacement policy. There are harms in the forms of imbalanced power/resource, not-wholeheartedly participations, and distrust between collaborators. A pseudo-collaboration as the implication of problems in the starting condition factors is finally confirmed to the failure of collaboration or policy implementation.
Performance Analysis of Agricultural Sector Policy in Timor Tengah Utara Regency
Authors: Festianto Dian
Published: July 2019

This paper discusses the performance of agricultural sector policy in Timor Tengah Utara Regency focusing on the implementation of one of the village programs namely Desa Mandiri Cinta Petani (Sari Tani). This research uses qualitative descriptive method with case study approach to build alternative models of acceleration in agricultural sector policy. The Performance measured included inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes, and impacts. The research also applies Grindle concept because basically agricultural sector policy is inseparable from the influence of political interests of the actors involved in the implementation of the program. The result of the research shows that the superior program performance is not optimal due to the high tendency of intervention of political interests of the actors involved in the stages and quite systematic which ultimately impact on the low rate of return of revolving fund of farmer group which only reached 38%. To improve the acceleration of agricultural sector development, it is necessary to establish an independent special team.
Persuasive Da’wah Agenda based on Sociodemographic Factors: A Study in Cimahi
Authors: Ma'arif Bambang Saiful , Yusuf Umar , Suliadi Suliadi , Parihat Parihat
Published: July 2019

This paper is a result of primary research titled “Mapping the Profile of Persuasive Da’wah Agenda in Cimahi City.” Cimahi is well known as the industrial centre of ‘creative animation’. The method of research is quantitative by conducting surveys through questionnaires to 399 respondents in Cimahi using multistage random sampling technique. This paper presents important data on the socio-demographic factors of the citizens which can be basic in planning the effective da’wah activities. The sociodemographic factor aforementioned are age, education, and gender of respondents. Those factors must be accurately identified in order to plan the persuasive da’wah. The views of the citizens toward da’wah activity can be parameters toward persuasive da’wah, including what religious theme they preferred to, their preference on the actual da’wah themes, their liking on entrepreneurial da’wah, etc. Citizens give responses to da’wah agenda of both bil-lisan (da’wah through speech) and bil-hal (da’wah through one’s character). The more accepted a da’wah, it means the more persuasive the da’wah is. When citizens do not like the da’wah, it can be said an unpersuasive one. Da’wah persuasion is closely related to its acceptability by the citizens.
Agro Bussines Development Nexus Tourism In West Sumatera Province
Authors: Ansofino Anas Yatim Ansofino Bin , Zusmelia Zubir Arif Zusmelia Binti
Published: July 2019

The focus of this research is to analyze the future and backward linkages of agro-industry products that support the West Sumatra tourism creative industry and vertical integration between typical snack food products of West Sumatra culinary that have added value. This study uses a regional economic approach with the Grubel-Llyod index method and analysis of input output from snack industry sector. Result of the study shows that the market potential of West Sumatra agro-industry products still has low added value due to the low value of intermediate inputs compared to the final demand. Increasing the added value of agro-industry products based on food crop products is carried out by external regions such as North Sumatra and Riau. Integration between vertical market and regional external markets occurs in fruit-based agro industry products such as mangosteen, jackfruit, and bananas, which are shown by the highest Grubel-Llyord Index value with the demand value is lower than the final demand. The development of agro-industry food products and agro-business activities supporting culinary tourism in West Sumatra can be conducted by increasing the added value of superior products through agro-processing at household producer level and creating agglomeration to enhance local demand.
The Structural Factors Facilitating Post-Earthquake Compromise between Contracting Parties
Authors: Fitlayeni Rinel , Marleni Marleni , Putra Ikhsan Muharma , Afrizal Afrizal , Indraddin Indraddin
Published: July 2019

The earthquake on September 30, 2009 occurred in West Sumatra had caused great loses and damages in several cities, including the central market known as Pasar Raya in Padang City. This condition had led to various malfunctions and local communities were unable to meet post-disaster needs. The government as the authority was not fully in line with local needs that caused the occurrence of several conflicts of interest between the Government and the traders of Pasar Raya. This research is applying the qualitative approach with descriptive types. The informants are selected through purposive sampling technique consisting of traders and the government of Padang City. The data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, document studies, and focus group discussions (FGD). The study results show that the conflicts were no longer took place openly due to the compromise among parties involved with points as follows: a) the involvement of third parties to resolve the conflict, b) personal approach to the traders, c) resolving conflicts through non-litigation by the government.
Word Of Mouth Communication as Online Business Promotion
Authors: Ratnasari Anne , Hamdan Yusuf , Julia Aan
Published: July 2019

Word of mouth communication can be used to promote products or services. This article is the result of research on “word of mouth” conducted by the Online Business School (SBO) to promote online business. The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and elements of word of mouth communication. This research uses case studies method. Data collection techniques are conducted in the form of observation, interviews, and literature. The research results find the organic and amplified word of mouth used by SBO. Alumni introduced SBO workshops to various parties and SBO actively uploads workshop information in online digital media. Elements of word of the mouth include talkers, selected alumni who have successfully run an online business. Topics include content in online digital media regarding material, learning systems, and mentoring, while tools are media used to promote workshop material on the website, Facebook, and Instagram. Instagram is the main media used because it is suitable for housewife.
Problematic and alternative solutions of different wangsa marriage at Balinese community in Lombok
Authors: Aditi I Gusti Ayu
Published: July 2019

This study aims to conduct a study of different wangsa marriage at Balinese in Lombok. This phenomenon is related to the basis of the determination of the social stratification of Hindus in Lombok and finds a solution to the problem raised. This research was designed in interpretive descriptive research using an empirical juridical study model. Data source of this study consisted of two, namely primary and secondary. The results of the study found (1) the basis for determining the social stratification of Balinese Hindus in Lombok, namely, the interpretation of erroneous religious norms, namely from catur varna become catur wangsa. Catur varna uses the basis of guna (talent) and karma (tendency) in determining social stratification. Catur wangsa using birth is the basis for determining social stratification. In this regard, the patrilineal cultural traditions of Balinese Hindu community in Lombok calculate the kinship relationship of a child following his father's lineage. (2) with regard to changes in the determination of the social stratification system, women are psychologically pressured because of injustice to treatment. (3) the alternative is that if the marriage between the tri wangsa woman and the man outside tri wangsa is the marriage process of the ngerorod model or elopement.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MEMBELI AIR GALON MEREK AER QUA DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Hariyanti Tri , Samsuddin Samsuddin , Supriadi Fenni
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap loyalitas konsumen membeli air galon merek Aer Qua di Kota Pontianak, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen yang pernah membeli air galon merek Aer Qua, dengann sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Hasil koefisien korelasi menunjukkan nilai R sebesar 0,503, artinya antara bauran pemasaran dan loyalitas konsumen terdapat hubungan yang kuat karena nilai intervalnya berada di 0,40-0,599. Hasil determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,253 atau 25,3% loyalitas konsumen membeli air galon merek Aer Qua di kota Pontianak dipengaruhi oleh variabel bauran pemasaran, sedangkan sisanya yaitu sebesar 74,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Hasil uji kelayakan model menunjukkan nilai F hitung 33,149 > F tabel 3,94 dan memiliki nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 (lebih kecil dari 0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model regresi linier sederhana dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi loyalitas konsumen membeli air galon merek Aer Qua yang dipengaruhi oleh bauran pemasaran.
Walter Hernández: aproximación dialógica a la música y la radio comunitaria
Authors: Rendón Galván Patricia
Published: July 2019

El artículo explora el trabajo y la experiencia de vida del músico y activista de la radio comunitaria, Walter Hernández Romero (Índigo), proponiendo un análisis vinculante entre su relato personal sobre su proceso como artista, en la búsqueda de un concepto múltiple y reivindicativo de la idea del Caribe como espacio de resistencia creativa, y la representación de esta concepción en las prácticas de aprendizaje dialógico desde la radio comunitaria y la creación colectiva musical. Finaliza reconociendo el aporte de Hernández a la investigación de la cultura y la comunicación afrocaribeña.
Elvira Espejo: una mujer de resistencias y re-existencias en los Andes
Authors: Mora Aura Isabel
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta los encuentros con Elvira Espejo Ayca, aymara, sabedora, artista plástica, cantadora, narradora, cuentista, poeta, ensayista, textilera, investigadora y directora del Museo Nacional de Etnografía y el Folclore de la Paz (Bolivia). Indaga sobre su propuesta decolonial en torno a las mujeres en la ciencia, a partir de los conocimientos y técnicas del textil andino que realizan las mujeres. Resalta la importancia que la artista da al trabajo colectivo y a las luchas milenarias de sus antepasados, en defensa de su territorio, como alternativa a las políticas globales.
Homogeneización, resistencia y violencia simbólica: el caso del chandé lobano
Authors: Ciro Gómez Bernardo A.
Published: July 2019

El artículo reflexiona en torno a las formas de violencia simbólica que ejercen las tendencias homogeneizantes de los festivales de tambora sobre el chandé lobano y su impacto en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de este género. A partir de testimonios de los interlocutores y de otras investigaciones sobre el tema, analiza cómo las exigencias de los festivales afectan la percepción de los complejos procesos musicales en los circuitos de la oralidad y cómo dicha homogeneización es reproducida a través de los materiales musicales didácticos.