bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precise Punishment: Why Precise Punitive Damage Requests Result in Higher Awards Than Round Requests
Authors: Conklin Michael
Published: August 2021

Imagine a setting where someone asks two people what the temperature is outside. The first person says it is 80 °F, while the second person says it is 78.7 °F. Research regarding precise versus round cognitive anchoring suggests that the second person is more likely to be believed. This is because it is human nature to assume that if someone gives a precise answer, he must have good reason for doing so. This principle remains constant in a variety of settings, including used car negotiations, eBay transactions, and estimating the field goal percentage of a basketball player.

This Article reports the results of a first-of-its-kind study involving over 600 participants designed to measure if this same principle applies to punitive damage requests from plaintiffs’ attorneys. In other words, can a plaintiff’s attorney increase the punitive damages awarded simply by requesting $497,000 instead of $500,000. The stark differences produced from such a subtle and costless change provide a valuable strategy for plaintiffs’ attorneys, a cautionary warning for civil defense attorneys, and constructive insight into the subjective nature of juror decision-making.
Sistem Keputusan dengan Metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory dalam Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Khair Fuad El , Defit Sarjon , Yuhandri Y
Published: August 2021

In an agency, it takes an employee who is able to carry out the work in accordance with the objectives in achieving a target becomes an assessment by the leaders. Not only attendance, but also leadership, commitment, cooperation, discipline, service orientation, integrity and ability to perform the task given also need to be used as an indicators . The purposes aim to motivate employees to be passionate in doing every activity and to have a positive influence on their work in facing challenges of globalization. Decision Support System is a need. It is called a Multi Attribute Utility Theory method is a quantitative comparison method that usually combines measurements of different risk costs and benefits. The data processed for employee performance assessment in this study as many as 20 samples sourced from the Population and Civil Registration Office of Pesisir Selatan Regency. This based on several specified criteria and weights. There are 6 data that are used in it. Such as service orientation, integrity, commitment, discipline, cooperation and employee performance goals. The result is able to support employee decisions using predetermined criteria. So that  highest value is in the 6th alternative with a value of 1.8 and the lowest value on the 16th alternative with a value of 0. Later it will be a consideration for Population and Civil Registry Office of South Coast Regency to assess its employees in  certain period. Employee performance assessment is proven to be able to help the South Coast Population and Civil Registration Office.
Design and Development of Intelligent Home Rehab Device for Post Stroke Therapy with Electro-Hydraulic Interventions Rehab Device for Post Stroke Therapy with Electro-Hydraulic Interventions
Authors: Arumugam Kalaiarasi , Kumar L. Ashok
Published: August 2021

Today, brain attack disorders are one of the most life-threatening areas in the medical era, which mankind is facing nowadays. Globally, more than 10,000,000 people are subjected to brain attack disorders like hemiplegia and tremor, every year, where two-thirds of them survive. Among
the survival community, more than 80 per cent of them are subjected to long-term impairment of their upper extremity. In order to treat the impairment, the survival group is subjected to medications and rehabilitation in order to improve their daily living. But the facilities are very limited
in fast- developing countries like India when compared to western standards. The rehabilitation given corresponding with medications during the treatment period in hospitals does not give a complete recovery from disability. People from rural background could not meet their rehabilitation
requirements even in the hospital during treatment and also when they are discharged to home after treatment from hospitals due to financial constraints and reachability. In order to motivate the survival group to fulfill their daily living and improve their lifestyle, this paper is focused
on intelligent home-based rehabilitation system at low cost, reliability, and affordability. One major movement disorder namely Upper Arm Hemiplegia was taken into account and visited few major hospitals around Coimbatore and Chennai for literature and case study. The facilities available
in various hospitals and their drawbacks were analyzed. Based on the studies conducted at hospitals and taking advice from therapists, an innovative low-cost home-based rehabilitation device using Electro-Hydraulic systems has been developed to support patients who were used to impaired living
even after treatments. To support Upper Arm Hemiplegia patients, the devices which were developed and experimented to hold different functionalities are discussed in this paper.
The ERP correlates of self-knowledge in ageing
Authors: Tanguay Annick F. N. , Johnen Ann-Kathrin , Markostamou Ioanna , Lambert Rachel , Rudrum Megan , Davidson Patrick S. R. , Renoult Louis
Published: August 2021

Self-knowledge is a type of personal semantic knowledge that concerns one’s self-image and personal identity. It has most often been operationalized as the summary of one’s personality traits (“I am a stubborn person”). Interestingly, recent studies have revealed that the neural correlates of self-knowledge can be dissociated from those of general semantic and episodic memory in young adults. However, studies of “dedifferentiation” or loss of distinctiveness of neural representations in ageing suggest that the neural correlates of self-knowledge might be less distinct from those of semantic and episodic memory in older adults. We investigated this question in an event-related potential (ERP) study with 28 young and 26 older adults while they categorised personality traits for their self-relevance (self-knowledge conditions), and their relevance to certain groups of people (general semantic condition). Participants then performed a recognition test for previously seen traits (episodic condition). The amplitude of the late positive component (LPC), associated with episodic recollection processes, differentiated the self-knowledge, general semantic, and episodic conditions in young adults, but not in older adults. However, in older adults, participants with higher composite episodic memory scores had more differentiated LPC amplitudes across experimental conditions. Moreover, consistent with the fact that age-related neural dedifferentiation may be material and region specific, in both age groups some differences between memory types were observed for the N400 component, associated with semantic processing. Taken together, these findings suggest that declarative memory subtypes are less distinct in ageing, but that the amount of differentiation varies with episodic memory function.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ YAZ OKULU UYGULAMASINA İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ (GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ GAZİ EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: BİLASA Pınar , TAŞPINAR Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmada, yaz okulu öğretim programları yaz okulunda öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi 2018-2019 yaz okulunda öğrenim gören 229 öğretmen adayı üzerinde yürütülmüş yaz okulu öğretim programlarına yönelik genel görüşleri ve cinsiyet değişkeni bazında ortaya koyulmuştur. Tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada Kaya ve Konu (2015) tarafından geliştirilen 22 maddelik anket formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; öğretmen adaylarının yaz okulu uygulamasını desteklediği, yaz okulunun ders yükü açısından normal döneme ve akademik başarıya katkısının olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adayları çoğunlukla yaz okulunun kaldırılmasına karşı çıkmışlar, yaz okulunun eğitimin kalitesini düşürmediğini, notların adaletli verildiğini, kredi kısıtlaması olmaması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca cinsiyet değişkeni açısından bakıldığında kadın öğretmen adayları erkek öğretmen adaylarına göre yaz okulunu daha stresli bulmuşlar ve daha fazla yorgunluk oluşturduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Yaz okulu uygulamasının sürdürülmesinde yarar vardır. Benzer araştırmalar farklı örneklemler ve farklı bağımsız değişkenler dikkate alınarak yapılmalı ve veriler karşılaştırılmalıdır.
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN AKRAN ZORBALIK EĞİLİMLERİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL YABANCILAŞMA ALGILARINA ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ: ANKARA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SİPAHİ Esra , İŞCAN Orhan
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırma, Mili Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı resmi ve özel ortaokul düzeyindeki öğrencilerde rastlanan örgütsel yabancılaşma durumlarının akran zorbalık eğilimi ve akran zorbalığa maruz kalma durumları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi ile etki düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma evrenini, 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından farklı öğretim programı uygulayan Temel Eğitim Genel Müdürlüğü, Din Öğretimi Genel Müdürlüğü ve Özel Öğretim Kurumları Genel Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı olarak derecelendirilen Ankara İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü bünyesinde bulunan 5.6.7 ve 8.sınıf seviyesindeki ortaokul öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise, 353 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada örgütsel yabancılaşma bağımlı, akran zorbalık ise bağımsız değişkenlerdir. Çalışmada, “Akran Zorbalık”, ve Örgütsel Yabancılaşma” ölçekleri kullanılmış, ölçek puanlarının ilişkisi pearson korelasyon testi ile, bağımlı değişken olan puanların bağımsız değişkenlerden etkilenmesi regresyon testi, ölçek puanlarının demografik değişkenlere göre farklılık göstermesi ise bağımsız gruplar t ve ANOVA testleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada; akran zorbalık puanı ile örgütsel yabancılaşma puanları arasında pozitif yönlü zayıf bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Bu çerçevede, söz konusu davranış durumlarının öğrenci başarıları üzerindeki doğrudan etkisini sorgulamaya yönelik araştırmalar desenlenebilir.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÇOCUKLARIN DUYGUSAL ZEKÂ VE SOSYAL BECERİLERİYLE ANNELERİNİN SOSYAL BECERİLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: ÖZYÜREK Arzu , ERDOĞMUŞ Merve
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi 5-6 yaş çocukların duygusal zekâ ve sosyal becerileri ile annelerinin sosyal becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmada kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme ve kotalı örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen142 kız 142 erkek olmak üzere 284 çocuk ve bu çocukların anneleri çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Verileri toplamak amacıyla Okul Öncesi Sosyal Beceri Envanteri (OSBED), Sullivan Okul Öncesi Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği (S-ÇDZÖ) ve Yetişkin Sosyal Beceri Envanteri (SOBE) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson Korelasyon katsayısından yararlanılmıştır. Annelerin SOBE puanıyla çocukların S-ÇDZÖ Yüzler alt boyut puanları arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Annelerin SOBE puanıyla çocukların OSBED Akademik Destek Becerileri, Arkadaşlık Becerileri ve toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Annelerin sosyal becerileri arttıkça çocukların yüzlerdeki duyguları anlamada ve sosyal becerilerinde artış olduğu saptanmıştır.
NITAZOXANIDE IN TREATMENT OF ROTAVIRUS DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN: A SINGLE CENTER STUDY
Authors: Aneeqa Adnan  , Abdul Ahad Jamshaid  , Muhammad Azhar Farooq  , Tehreem Fatima  , Syeda sadaf shirazi  , Aqsa Javed  , Muhammad Ahsan Jahangir
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE:  As Rota virus leads to significant morbidity in children 2 months to 5 years, this study was done to observe the effect of one dose of nitazoxanide on the total duration of rotavirus diarrhea. The primary objective was to evaluate the reduction in the mean duration of viral diarrhea in children after administration of first dose of Nitazoxanide.

METHODLOGY: This descriptive study was done in the Department of Pediatric Medicine Unit I, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from Jan 2016 to June 2016 after approval from the ethical review committee. Sample size calculated was 175 using WHO sample size calculator. Patients of 4–5 years were given 200 mg nitazoxanide twice daily for 3 days; 100 mg nitazoxanide was given twice daily to 12–47 months age group, and patient of <12 months age were given 7.5 mg/kg twice day along with routine care and were followed 12 hourly till the passage of normally formed stools. Duration of diarrhea was recorded.

RESULTS:  Out of 175 cases, 58.9% (n=103) were between 2-36 months age while 41.2% (n=72) were 37-60 months age, mean+SD was calculated as 35.06+13.34 months, mean reduction in duration of rotavirus diarrhea in children after administration of first dose of Nitazoxanide was recorded as 32.85+2.32 hours.

CONCLUSION: With the use of nitazoxanide along with routine care for rotavirus diarrhea children, the mean duration of rotavirus diarrhea was reported to be less than 1.5 days.
CEREBELLAR ATROPHY WITH LONG-TERM PHENYTOIN (PHT) USE: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Departament of Neurology, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Health Sciences Center – Camobi Street,  Km 09 – Universitary Campus Santa Maria/RS – 97105-900, Rissardo Jamir P. , Caprara Ana L.F. ,   Departament of Neurology, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Health Sciences Center – Camobi Street,  Km 09 – Universitary Campus Santa Maria/RS – 97105-900, Silveira Juliana O.F. ,   Departament of Neurology, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Health Sciences Center – Camobi Street,  Km 09 – Universitary Campus Santa Maria/RS – 97105-900
Published: August 2021

Cerebellar atrophy can be found with long-term phenytoin (PHT) use or acute phenytoin intoxication. PHT may cause cerebellar symptoms, such as nystagmus, diplopia, dysarthria and ataxia. Clinical manifestations may be persistent. We report a case of a 41-year-old male who presented with cerebellar dysfunction and cerebellar atrophy after longterm phenytoin use. He had ataxic gait, preserved strength, commuting deep reflexes, dysmetria, dysdiadochocinesia, scanning speech and somnolence. Cranial computed tomography revealed enlargement of interfollicular cerebrospinal fluid spaces in cerebellum and also a slight enlargement of the fourth ventricle, suggesting signs of cerebellar volumetric reduction. PHT was withdrawn. Six months later, he presented improvement in his condition; he had atypical gait, mild dysmetria, diadochokinesia and normal speech. In conclusion, clinicians should be vigilant with patients on phenytoin. If the patient has cerebellar signs with a correspondent clinical history of phenytoin intoxication CT scan should be helpful as an initial cerebellar assessment.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and volatile constituents of Eurhynchium angustirete (Broth.) T. J. Kop. and Isothecium alopecuroides (Lam. ex Dubois) Isov. from Turkey
Authors: YÜCEL Tayyibe Beyza , ERATA Hüseyin
Published: August 2021

The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of the Eurhynchium angustirete (Broth.) and Isothecium alopecuroides (Lam. Ex Dubois) essential oil obtained by distillation method (Clevenger apparatus hydrodistillation). Obtained volatile oils were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) which revealed the presence of twenty-two components analyzed in the essential oil of E. angustirete representing 95.7% of the total identified compounds and twenty compounds were determined in the essential oil of I. alopecuroides representing 94.3% of the total identified compounds. Trans-pinocarveol and myrtenal as major constituents were 23.0% and 14.1% in E. angustirete and the main components were: biformene (9.9%), α-pinene (9.1%), bornyl acetate (8.4%) in I. alopecuroides. The essential oils from E. angustirete and I. alopecuroides showed higher metal-ion chelating activities which were 65.93±0.39% and 31.01±2.75, respectively. There was no significant difference results DPPH activity of essential oils 16.8±6.98 and 22.8%±8.91, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was investigated by microdiution method. The isolated essential oils were showed effective antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC2785 and Streptococcus mutans. Antimicrobial effect values were found ranging of 90.76-95.38%. According to antimicrobial effect value against to microorganism, essential oil of E. angustirete was higher than I. alopecuroides.
The Evaluation of Protein Oxidation in The Rats Which Induced Diabetes by Streptozotocin
Authors: DEMIR Meltem , KÖSE Kader , YAZICI Cevat
Published: August 2021

Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder and characterized by the development of long-term complications. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), is detoxified in the organism by Glyoxalase through Glyoxalese I (GLO I) and GLO II.This study was aimed to investigate AGE formation in a diabetic rat model induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and the possible role of melatonin MEL which is a powerful antioxidant in this mechanism.Materials and Methods:Four study groups, each containing ten Sprague Dawley rats, were defined as control, MEL, STZ and STZ-MEL. STZ and STZ-MEL groups were given a single 50 mg/kg dose of STZ to induce diabetes. MEL, 25 mg/kg was given intraperitoneally to MEL and STZ-MEL groups on a daily basis for 42 days. At the end of study, the levels of MGO, GLO I and GLO II enzymes were also determined in only tissue samples.Results: Blood and urine glucose levels were found to be high in rats (p<0.05). STZ group had been shown to have higher tissue MGO levels and lower GLO I and GLO II activities (p<0.05). MEL treatment had suppressed high levels of MGO and increased enzymatic activities in STZ-MEL group.Conclusion: In this study, we have shown that reducing MGO tissue levels in chronic diabetes to almost normal level and that the GLO system suppressed in diabetic rats are preserved with MEL,GLO I and GLO II activities increased. It has been shown that STZ induced diabetic rats had high MGO levels and the supression of GLO detoxification system indicates that AGE formation in diabetes is inevitable. Therefore, the usage of antioxidants such as MEL may be suggested to prevent diabetic complications.
Kepuasan, Kepercayaan, Komitmen dan Loyalitas Mahasiswa
Authors: Suhendar Asep , Yeremia Eveline , Mutohariatul Verra Aprilianty
Published: August 2021

Universities in Indonesia, including in Bandung, inspite of being a social organization, it must be able to compete with the foreign universities. Internal Marketing approach is one way to analyze the strengths of Internal Resources owned by a service company. This study examines the mediating role of satisfaction in trust and commitment relationships with loyalty in a University in Bandung. Sample size is 162 respondents whom taken by self-administered questionnaires from bureau academic staff of X University. This research shows that satisfaction is still a major consideration that cause loyalty, since there is a fully mediating role of satisfaction in trust and loyalty relationship. It means that trust should be elaborated into satisfaction firstly before turn into loyalty. The authors also make some recommendations, especially the recommendation that satisfaction is still an important factor in determining loyalty, It means that a universities in Bandung should developed employees’ satisfaction to survive in the borderless economic competition.
Chemical Complexity of Phosphorous-bearing Species in Various Regions of the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Sil Milan , Srivastav Satyam , Bhat Bratati , Mondal Suman Kumar , Gorai Prasanta , Ghosh Rana , Shimonishi Takashi , Chakrabarti Sandip K. , Sivaraman Bhalamurugan , Pathak Amit , Nakatani Naoki , Furuya Kenji , Das Ankan
Published: August 2021

Phosphorus-related species are not known to be as omnipresent in space as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur-bearing species. Astronomers spotted very few P-bearing molecules in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes. Limited discovery of the P-bearing species imposes severe constraints in modeling the P-chemistry. In this paper, we carry out extensive chemical models to follow the fate of P-bearing species in diffuse clouds, photon-dominated or photodissociation regions (PDRs), and hot cores/corinos. We notice a curious correlation between the abundances of PO and PN and atomic nitrogen. Since N atoms are more abundant in diffuse clouds and PDRs than in the hot core/corino region, PO/PN reflects <1 in diffuse clouds, ≪1 in PDRs, and >1 in the late warm-up evolutionary stage of the hot core/corino regions. During the end of the post-warm-up stage, we obtain PO/PN > 1 for hot core and <1 for its low-mass analog. We employ a radiative transfer model to investigate the transitions of some of the P-bearing species in diffuse cloud and hot core regions and estimate the line profiles. Our study estimates the required integration time to observe these transitions with ground-based and space-based telescopes. We also carry out quantum chemical computation of the infrared features of PH3, along with various impurities. We notice that SO2 overlaps with the PH3 bending-scissoring modes around ∼1000–1100 cm−1. We also find that the presence of CO2 can strongly influence the intensity of the stretching modes around ∼2400 cm−1 of PH3.
An Optimal Estimator of Intrinsic Alignments for Star-forming Galaxies in IllustrisTNG Simulation
Authors: Shi Jingjing , Osato Ken , Kurita Toshiki , Takada Masahiro
Published: August 2021

Emission line galaxies (ELGs), more generally star-forming galaxies, are valuable tracers of large-scale structure and therefore main targets of upcoming wide-area spectroscopic galaxy surveys. We propose a fixed-aperture shape estimator of each ELG for extracting the intrinsic alignment (IA) signal, and assess the performance of the method using image simulations of ELGs generated from the IllustrisTNG simulation including observational effects such as the sky background noise. We show that our method enables a significant detection of the IA power spectrum with the linear-scale coefficient A
IA ≃ (13–15) ± 3.0 up to z = 2, even from the small simulation volume

∼
0.009

(

h

−
1

Gpc
)

3

, in contrast to the null detection with the standard method. Thus the ELG IA signal, measured with our method, opens up opportunities to exploit cosmology and galaxy physics in high-redshift universe.
Molecular and taxonomic evidence unmask hidden species diversity in the genus Acrobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae)
Authors: Briñoccoli Yanina F. , Bogan Sergio , Arcila Dahiana , Rosso Juan José , Mabragaña Ezequiel , Delpiani Sergio , Diaz de Astarloa Juan , Cardoso Yamila
Published: August 2021

We conducted a review of the Neotropical genus Acrobrycon. A previous study synonymized the two recognized species in the genus: A. ipanquianus, distributed from the western portion of the Amazon River to the northwest region of the La Plata River Basin, and A. tarijae, described from the Lipeo River in Bolivia. We revisited this result by collecting additional morphometric, meristic, and genetic data (COI mitochondrial gene) for 24 individuals distributed along La Plata River Basin in Argentina, and discussed our results in the context of multiple biogeographic process of isolation in this basin. Our results revealed a more complex history of diversification and geographic distribution across Acrobrycon species than previously suspected. We present new evidence that leads us to reconsider the validity of A. tarijae, which is distinguished from A. ipanquianus by the number of vertebrae (37-39 vs. 41-42), pleural ribs (12-13 vs 14), and unbranched anal-fin rays (v-vi vs. ii-iii). These results were supported by molecular analysis which showed a genetic divergence >4% between both nominal species, also, indicated two major genetic clusters of A. tarijae: the first group consisted of specimens from the Bermejo, Pilcomayo, Itiyuro and Juramento River Basins (northern Argentina), and the second group is composed by specimens from the southernmost basins, such as the Salí River in Tucumán and the Quinto River in the province of San Luis. These results suggest that the genetic structure may be a consequence of the geographical distance that separates the two groups and the type of drainage.
L’assurance face aux mutations d’un monde de plus en plus risqué
Authors: Trainar Philippe
Published: August 2021

Le monde change, l’univers des risques s’étend et les conditions d’exercice du métier d’assureur se complexifient. L’assurance qui reflète largement les tensions et les contradictions de son environnement doit s’adapter aux évolutions et aux fluctuations de cet environnement. Face à un métier qui a beaucoup changé tout en conservant de fortes composantes traditionnelles, ils ont été nombreux ceux qui ont annoncé depuis près de dix ans la grande disruption de l’assurance. Mais celle-ci tarde à se concrétiser et les quelques tentatives n’ont finalement guère ébranlé les acteurs traditionnels de l’assurance. Pour autant, ces défis stratégiques forcent l’assurance à s’adapter et à changer en profondeur. Le présent article s’efforce d’identifier plus précisément ces défis stratégiques, d’analyser la capacité du secteur à relever ces défis et de cerner les changements qu’ils vont imposer aux assureurs. Classification JEL : G22, G28, G41, H12, H44, H55, L14, L16, L22
Chapitre 1. Histoire de la médecine et conservation des données médicales des patients
Authors: Comiti Vincent-Pierre
Published: August 2021

Jusqu’au milieu du XX e  siècle la conservation des données médicales se chiffre en kilomètres, pas en mega, terra bits ; leur destruction par milliers de tonnes, pas par effacement informatique. Le rapprochement des données à notre échelle, maintenant informatique, n’est pas inexistant avant environ 1950, mais n’est que manuelle et limitée.
Redesigning Clinical Learning
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: August 2021

The pandemic is not yet resolved, and the ongoing effects continue to be revealed. One such effect has been dubbed
the great resignation.
The fields of health care and information technology are the most dramatically affected by resignations, with health care seeing a 3.6% increase in resignations between March 2020 and March 2021. This change, coupled with restrictions on clinical learning opportunities for nursing students during the pandemic, raises the stakes for nursing education redesign and puts professional development educators in a crucial role.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(9):402–403.]
Using Board Games to Foster Clinical Reasoning Among New Graduate Nurses
Authors: Tyo Mirinda B. , McCurry Mary K.
Published: August 2021

Gamification has gained popularity among clinical nurse educators as a method to engage novice and experienced nurses in higher-level thinking. Classic board games can be cost-effectively transformed into educational games; however, it is important to use a clinical reasoning framework to ensure that learning outcomes focus on stimulating higher-level thinking. This article describes the development of a game as an innovative approach to designing new methods that better prepare new graduate nurses for current nursing practice.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(9):413–416.]
Implementation and Evaluation of an Acute Care Multicomponent Intervention for Dementia-Related Behavioral Expressions
Authors: Gilmore-Bykovskyi Andrea , Markart Megan , Imig Khloe , Hunt Karen , Murray Dave , Block Laura , Dhein Jennifer
Published: August 2021

Despite the high prevalence and negative outcomes associated with poorly managed dementia-related behavioral expressions (BE) during hospitalization, evidence-based interventions for BE management in acute care environments are lacking. To address this gap, we designed, implemented, and evaluated feasibility, utility, and exploratory nurse and patient outcomes associated with a low-cost, nurse-led multicomponent decision support intervention—the Personalized Approach and Targeted Interventions (PROACTIVE) Treatment Approach—which was implemented as a quality improvement program and evaluated with a historical matched comparison group. The intervention was feasibly implemented and improved nurse-sensitive outcomes (stress, confidence), practices (use of nonpharmacological approaches) for BE management, and perceived utility of intervention resources. Patients receiving the PROACTIVE Treatment Approach (
N
= 40) had higher rates of acetaminophen use, and shorter lengths of stay (
N
= 40). More rigorous evaluation is needed to better determine optimal implementation strategies and intervention impact. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 21–30.]
Stakeholder Voices: Interpreting Caregiving Research and Designing Next Steps
Authors: Young Heather M. , Kilaberia Tina , Whitney Robin , Bell Janice F. , Choula Rita , Reinhard Susan
Published: August 2021

Stakeholder engagement can enhance interpretation of research findings and promote meaningful dissemination into policy and practice. Several organizations dedicated to understanding the needs of diverse older adults and family caregivers and advancing practice and policy to improve their health came together in a series of discussions. More than 120 participants, including family/friend caregivers and their advocates and leaders and researchers from public and private organizations, generated an action agenda for those engaged with family caregivers in service delivery, research, and policy across three virtual sessions. Although there are common experiences and demands for caregivers, the meanings of these experiences are shaped by a cultural context, and the intersectionality of caregiver experiences by age, race/ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation, immigrant status, and other factors bring into focus the diversity of life and caregiving experience. This heterogeneity of experience crystalizes the importance of assuring the caregiver is at the center, and that design for programs, research, and policy recognize the importance of understanding caregivers and their unique needs before pre-supposing solutions. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 5–12.]
Factors Affecting Alcohol Abstinence Intentions of Inpatients With Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Yang Jeongwoon , Kim Sungjae
Published: August 2021

The current study investigated the effects of modifiable factors—alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, negative emotions, communication skills, and self-reflection—on alcohol abstinence intentions of 139 inpatients in South Korean psychiatric hospitals. Correlations between alcohol abstinence intentions and each factor were analyzed, and a hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess the relationship between alcohol abstinence intentions and general characteristics. Alcohol abstinence intentions were statistically significant among inpatients with a spouse (p= 0.018), higher education (p= 0.031), employment (p= 0.009), younger age (p< 0.001), and fewer admissions from alcohol use disorder (AUD) (p< 0.001). In addition, communication skills (p< 0.001) and self-reflection (p< 0.001) were predictors of alcohol abstinence intentions. Results confirm communication skills and self-reflection are modifiable factors that significantly contribute to increasing alcohol abstinence intentions among inpatients with AUD. Providing interventions that improve communication skills and self-reflection would help maintain alcohol abstinence and prevent relapse. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(12), 23–32.]
Orbit counting in polarized dynamical systems
Authors: Hindes Wade
Published: August 2021

We extend recent orbit counts for finitely generated semigroups acting on \begin{document}$ \mathbb{P}^N $\end{document} to certain infinitely generated, polarized semigroups acting on projective varieties. We then apply these results to semigroup orbits generated by some infinite sets of unicritical polynomials.
Towards a further understanding of the dynamics in the excitatory NNLIF neuron model: Blow-up and global existence
Authors: Roux Pierre , Salort Delphine
Published: August 2021

The Nonlinear Noisy Leaky Integrate and Fire (NNLIF) model is widely used to describe the dynamics of neural networks after a diffusive approximation of the mean-field limit of a stochastic differential equation. In previous works, many qualitative results were obtained: global existence in the inhibitory case, finite-time blow-up in the excitatory case, convergence towards stationary states in the weak connectivity regime. In this article, we refine some of these results in order to foster the understanding of the model. We prove with deterministic tools that blow-up is systematic in highly connected excitatory networks. Then, we show that a relatively weak control on the firing rate suffices to obtain global-in-time existence of classical solutions.
Qu’est-ce que la cartographie du web ?
Authors: Ghitalla Franck
Published: August 2021

Les web studies et les network sciences ont déjà une histoire, et, en France, cette histoire fut profondément marquée par la contribution de Franck Ghitalla.

Cet ouvrage posthume était en fait déjà prêt à être publié au moment du décès brutal de son auteur en décembre 2018. Ses chroniques du Web et ses carnets cartographiques, ici regroupés, ont, en effet, une vocation pédagogique certaine. Cet ouvrage est ainsi idéal pour une initiation, car il permettra à chacun de s’approprier les concepts et les méthodes que Franck Ghitalla a éminemment contribué à développer en France.

L’histoire de la construction de ces approches en réseau qu’il retrace dans la première partie permet de comprendre que la tâche requiert de multiples expertises : la rigueur des calculs doit être alliée à la fiabilité des sources et des données ainsi qu’à la sensibilité sémiotique de la visualisation pour rendre robuste une interprétation toujours ancrée dans les sciences sociales. Chaque chapitre s’appuie sur des exemples d’analyse de réseaux très précis, dans des domaines très divers, et les concepts sont progressivement distillés, ainsi que les tours de main, que Franck Ghitalla, brillant artisan des données numériques, avait à cœur de partager avec tous.
IoT Solution for Enhancing the Quality of Life of Visually Impaired People
Authors: Siddesh G. M.  , Srinivasa K. G.
Published: August 2021

One of the treading technologies in the field of data processing and communication is internet of things. To make life a lot easier for the disabled and visually impaired people, IoT can offer assistance and support in various ways. Visually impaired (VI) is a term used to describe any kind of sight loss; some people are completely blind, but many others have legal blindness. The proposed system visually impaired-quality of life (VI-QOL) consists of Arduino UNO, ultrasonic sensors, proximity sensors, and some of the IoT components along with smartphone. Using these components, the author's research goal is to improve the mobility of VI people in a wider range of travel activities. The proposed VI-QOL framework tested all the consequences of IoT components and the Android applications. Total transaction time for navigation system of the proposed solution is measured with and without any load in the application, which proves the efficiency of the proposed work. The throughput of the proposed solution is proved to be high.
Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare in India
Authors: Chatterjee Sheshadri , Dohan Michael S.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policy makers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities and challenges for applications of AI. , and suggests improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare. The study helps by providing comprehensive inputs for framing policy on AI in healthcare industry in India. The study also highlights that that if the proper actions are taken to overcome the various challenges associated with applications of AI in healthcare sector in India by the government, then the healthcare sector will immensely benefit. This article has taken an attempt to provide inputs concerning to policy initiatives, challenges and recommendations for improving healthcare system of India using different applications of AI.
A Methodological Approach to Assessment and Reporting of the Model Adequacy in Simulation Studies
Authors: Sony Michael , Marriapan V.
Published: August 2021

Assessment and Reporting of Model Adequacy is an important step in the simulation modelling process. It stipulates the level of precision and accuracy, which are important features of the model predictions. In an academic research activity, an important step for model development is the process of the identification or accepting whether the model is wrong. The evaluation of the adequacy of developed models is not possible through a single statistical test. This paper delineates a technique to implement model adequacy. A live case is demonstrated on the proposed methodology by evaluating a simulation model which was designed by us to simulate a well-established mathematical model. A step by step methodological approach is delineated in this paper along with a case study of investigation of a simulation model with a mathematical model is used to demonstrate this methodology. The paper concludes with an Algorithm and a flow chart for performing model adequacy for assessing the adequacy of the developed model with existing models.
A PSO Enable Multi-Hop Clustering Algorithm for VANET
Authors: Temurnikar Ankit , Verma Pushpneel , Dhiman Gaurav
Published: August 2021

VANET (Vehicle Ad-hoc Network) is an emerging technology in today’s intelligent transport system. In VANET, there are many moving nodes which are called the vehicle running on the road. They communicate with each other to provide the information to driver regarding the road condition, traffic, weather and parking. VANET is a kind of network where moving nodes talk with each other with the help of equipment. There are various other things which also make complete to VANET like OBU (onboard unit), RSU (Road Aside Unit) and CA (Certificate authority). In this paper, a new PSO enable multi-hop technique is proposed which helps in VANET to Select the best route and find the stable cluster head and remove the malicious node from the network to avoid the false messaging. The false can be occurred when there is the malicious node in a network. Clustering is a technique for making a group of the same type node. This proposed work is based on PSO enable clustering and its importance in VANET. While using this approach in VANET, it has increased the 20% packet delivery ratio.
Predicting the Death Rate Around the World Due to COVID-19 Using Regression Analysis
Authors: Nair Rajit , Soni Mueksh , Bajpai Bhavna , Dhiman Gaurav , Sagayam K. Martin
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, COVID-19 is considered to be the biggest disaster that the world is facing. It has created a lot of destruction in the whole world. Due to this COVID-19, analysis has been done to predict the death rate and infected rate from the total population. To perform the analysis on COVID-19, regression analysis has been implemented by applying the differential equation and ordinary differential equation (ODE) on the parameters. The parameters taken for analysis are the number of susceptible individuals, the number of Infected Individuals, and the number of Recovered Individuals. This work will predict the total cases, death cases, and infected cases in the near future based on different reproductive rate values. This work has shown the comparison based on 4 different productive rates i.e. 2.45, 2.55, 2.65, and 2.75. The analysis is done on two different datasets; the first dataset is related to China, and the second dataset is associated with the world's data. The work has predicted that by 2020-08-12: 59,450,123 new cases and 432,499,003 total cases and 10,928,383 deaths.
A Voronoi-Ant Colony-Based Routing (VoR-Ant-R) Algorithm for WMSNs
Authors: Suseela S.  , Eswari R.  , Savarimuthu Nickolas
Published: August 2021

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) have been used in many applications and powerful distributed systems. But the performance of WMSNs is suffering from the occurrence of energy holes. To improve the performance of the network and packet delivery ratio, a Voronoi-Ant colony based Routing (VoR-Ant-R) algorithm is proposed for WMSNs to discover the energy holes and finds the shortest path from the source to destination in the WMSNs even though faces some obstacles. The WMSNs are constructed using the Voronoi structure to bypass energy holes. After bypassing the energy hole in the path; an ACO is introduced to select a neighborhood node for data forwarding. This ACO constructs the shortest optimized path to enhance the performance of the WMSNs. The proposed work is experimentally compared with other algorithms such as IEEABR, EEABR, SC, and BEES. The simulation results show that VoR-Ant-R can increase energy efficiency, success rate, reduces energy consumption, and latency.
Determinants of the Acceptance of Mobile Payment Systems by E-Merchants
Authors: Możdżyński Daniel , Cellary Wojciech
Published: August 2021

To be effectively deployed, a mobile payment (m-payment) system must be provided by e-merchants and accepted by e-consumers. Although the problem of acceptance of m-payment systems by e-consumers has been widely researched, there are few studies about what actually motivates e-merchants to adopt and deploy these systems in their businesses in the first place. The goal of this research was to discover the behavioral intentions of e-merchants to adopt and deploy an m-payment system. The interviews approach was applied to 347 e-merchants randomly selected from among the whole population of 47,457 independent business units selling goods on-line in Poland. The PLS-SEM method was applied to determine the relationship between variables. Unexpectedly, perceived risk was not a significant factor influencing e-merchants' intention to adopt an m-payment system. The e-merchants’ behavioral intention was significantly impacted by the expected usefulness, perceived ease of deployment and use, perceived cost and price, and hedonic motivation.
The Possibility of Using an Infrared Spectrometer for Determination of Historical Building Material Composition
Authors: Sladká Kateřina , Balík Lukáš , Pernicová Radka
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with the possibilities of analysis of building materials in terms of chemical composition. Using the method of infrared spectroscopy, we can determine the organic compounds in coatings, adhesives, grout, and silicate materials. Building material characteristics have to be in accordance with the standards. However, due to external conditions, the material can degrade during its life. Observations and chemical analyses of the building materials must be performed to be able to do remediation and reconstruction of the historical building. Infrared spectroscopy was chosen as the best for qualitative analysis of organic admixtures in building materials.
An Analysis of the Effects of Spaceflight and Vaccination on Antibody Repertoire Diversity
Authors: Rettig Trisha A , Tan John C , Nishiyama Nina C , Chapes Stephen K , Pecaut Michael J
Published: August 2021

Ab repertoire diversity plays a critical role in the host’s ability to fight pathogens. CDR3 is partially responsible for Ab–Ag binding and is a significant source of diversity in the repertoire. CDR3 diversity is generated during VDJ rearrangement because of gene segment selection, gene segment trimming and splicing, and the addition of nucleotides. We analyzed the Ab repertoire diversity across multiple experiments examining the effects of spaceflight on the Ab repertoire after vaccination. Five datasets from four experiments were analyzed using rank-abundance curves and Shannon indices as measures of diversity. We discovered a trend toward lower diversity as a result of spaceflight but did not find the same decrease in our physiological model of microgravity in either the spleen or bone marrow. However, the bone marrow repertoire showed a reduction in diversity after vaccination. We also detected differences in Shannon indices between experiments and tissues. We did not detect a pattern of CDR3 usage across the experiments. Overall, we were able to find differences in the Ab repertoire diversity across experimental groups and tissues.
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae P5 Binds Human C4b-Binding Protein, Promoting Serum Resistance
Authors: Thofte Oskar , Bettoni Serena , Su Yu-Ching , Thegerström John , Jonsson Sandra , Mattsson Emma , Sandblad Linda , Martí Sara , Garmendia Junkal , Blom Anna M , Riesbeck Kristian
Published: August 2021

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a Gram-negative human pathogen that causes infections mainly in the upper and lower respiratory tract. The bacterium is associated with bronchitis and exacerbations in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and frequently causes acute otitis media in preschool children. We have previously demonstrated that the binding of C4b binding protein (C4BP) is important for NTHi complement evasion. In this study, we identified outer membrane protein 5 (P5) of NTHi as a novel ligand of C4BP. Importantly, we observed significantly lower C4BP binding and decreased serum resistance in P5-deficient NTHi mutants. Surface expression of recombinant P5 on Escherichia coli conferred C4BP binding and consequently increased serum resistance. Moreover, P5 expression was positively correlated with C4BP binding in a series of clinical isolates. We revealed higher levels of P5 surface expression and consequently more C4BP binding in isolates from the lower respiratory tract of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and tonsil specimens compared with isolates from the upper respiratory tract and the bloodstream (invasive strains). Our results highlight P5 as an important protein for protecting NTHi against complement-mediated killing.
Role of hyperbaric oxygen in glioma
Authors: Wang Wen-Jie , Ding Jia-Sheng , Sun Qing , Xu Xiang , Chen Gang
Published: August 2021

Gliomas are common brain mass with a high mortality rate. Patients with gliomas have a severely bad outcome, with an average survive duration less 15 months because of high recurrent rate and being resistant to radio-therapy and chemistry drugs therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen is extensively taken as an adjuvant treatment for various disease conditions. To know the characteristics of hyperbaric oxygen as a remedy for gliomas, we find that, in general, hyperbaric oxygen shows an obviously positive effect on the treatment of gliomas, and it can also relieve the complications caused by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy of gliomas. Whereas, several researches have shown that hyperbaric oxygen promotes glioma progression.