bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of cathode doping on 3D printed continuous carbon fiber structural battery composites by UV-assisted coextrusion deposition
Authors: Pappas John M , Thakur Aditya R , Dong Xiangyang
Published: July 2021

Structural battery composites are capable of significant system level mass and volume reductions not possible with separate battery and structural components by simultaneously carrying mechanical loads and storing electrical energy. The ability to 3D print lithium-ion structural batteries in arbitrary geometries would not only allow a flexible battery design but also facilitate its implementation as a structural component. This study presents a new 3D carbon fiber structural battery composite 3D printed by an ultraviolet (UV)-assisted coextrusion deposition method. With individual carbon fibers coated by solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and dispersed within cathode doped matrix, energy storage is achieved in micro-battery cells at the fiber level within the 3D printed structural battery composite. The 3D printed structural battery composites with various complex geometries are demonstrated by successfully powering up LEDs. The SPE coating and cathode doping effect on microstructure, printability, mechanical and electrochemical properties are further characterized and investigated. A trade-off between printability and electrochemical performance is observed due to hindered curing by the doped cathode materials. The obtained electrochemical and mechanical performance is comparable to the carbon fiber based structural battery composites fabricated by conventional lay-up processes. These well demonstrate the great potentials of the proposed 3D printing method in rapidly fabricating functional structural battery composite components with complex geometries.
Effects of Spectral Envelope and Fundamental Frequency Shifts on the Perception of Foreign-Accented Speech
Authors: Kapolowicz Michelle R. , Guest Daniel R. , Montazeri Vahid , Baese-Berk Melissa M. , Assmann Peter F.
Published: July 2021

To investigate the role of spectral pattern information in the perception of foreign-accented speech, we measured the effects of spectral shifts on judgments of talker discrimination, perceived naturalness, and intelligibility when listening to Mandarin-accented English and native-accented English sentences. In separate conditions, the spectral envelope and fundamental frequency (F0) contours were shifted up or down in three steps using coordinated scale factors (multiples of 8% and 30%, respectively). Experiment 1 showed that listeners perceive spectrally shifted sentences as coming from a different talker for both native-accented and foreign-accented speech. Experiment 2 demonstrated that downward shifts applied to male talkers and the largest upward shifts applied to all talkers reduced the perceived naturalness, regardless of accent. Overall, listeners rated foreign-accented speech as sounding less natural even for unshifted speech. In Experiment 3, introducing spectral shifts further lowered the intelligibility of foreign-accented speech. When speech from the same foreign-accented talker was shifted to simulate five different talkers, increased exposure failed to produce an improvement in intelligibility scores, similar to the pattern observed when listeners actually heard five foreign-accented talkers. Intelligibility of spectrally shifted native-accented speech was near ceiling performance initially, and no further improvement or decrement was observed. These experiments suggest a mechanism that utilizes spectral envelope and F0 cues in a talker-dependent manner to support the perception of foreign-accented speech.
Marital Status at First Intercourse in Married Christian Women: Relationships with Guilt, Sanctification of Sexuality, and Marital Satisfaction
Authors: Ortiz Amanda , Hall M. Elizabeth Lewis , Anderson Tamara L. , Muehlhoff Jeremy M.
Published: July 2021

Previous research has demonstrated that women experience higher levels of guilt compared with men at first sexual intercourse. Research also indicates that guilt is related to religiosity and to level of relational commitment. However, there has been no research on the correlates of sexual debut in a Christian population. This study compares the experiences of married Christian women who had first intercourse before or after marriage on guilt, sanctification of sex, and marital satisfaction. A total of 210 married Christian women were administered a survey containing measures of guilt at first intercourse, sanctification of sexuality, and marital satisfaction. The results indicate that the premarital group reported significantly higher levels of guilt at first intercourse and significantly lower levels of theistic sanctification and marital satisfaction than the marital group. In addition, there was no significant correlation between relational commitment and guilt for the premarital debut group, suggesting that those who were in a committed relationship at sexual debut experienced similar levels of guilt to those who were not in a committed relationship at debut. This study has meaningful implications for the way sexuality is discussed in Christian culture.
Fear Appeals, Crisis and the Apocalypse of John: Analyzing an Apocalyptic Coping Strategy with the Extended Parallel Process Model
Authors: Stewart Alexander E.
Published: July 2021

This article will present and heuristically utilize the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) to analyze fear appeals in the Apocalypse of John. John sought to increase the fear of God in his hearers as a means to cope with other pressing fears and motivate faithful obedience (in line with his vision of what that entails). John rhetorically utilized fear appeals to reshape his hearers’ perceptions of danger and efficacy. He sought to increase fear of one object (God) and the inescapable crisis of divine judgment in order to decrease fear of other crises (death, disease, natural disasters, war, oppressive government, poverty, low social status).
Rationality in Context: Regulatory Science and the Best Scientific Method
Authors: Todt Oliver , Luján José Luis
Published: July 2021

Is there such a thing as a “best scientific methodology” in regulatory (decision-oriented) science? By examining cases from varying regulatory processes, we argue that there is no best scientific method for generating decision-relevant data. In addition, in regulatory science, the most suitable methodologies often differ from what is considered best practice in knowledge-oriented (academic) science. In data generation for regulatory purposes, we are faced with a wide spectrum of preferred methodologies as well as controversy as to methodological choice. What goes by the most adequate scientific method can and will—justifiably and rationally—vary significantly according to context and use. In order to make this argument, we analyze four case studies, two from risk assessment and two from benefit assessment. Our analysis shows that it is the noncognitive objectives of a particular regulatory process that determine what counts as the most appropriate scientific method. We use the concept of bounded rationality to indicate that those methodological choices, despite being context-dependent, can be interpreted as rational.
Determinants of Paternal Engagement: Investigating Low-Income Fathers’ Caregiving, Play, and Verbal Engagement With Infants
Authors: McCaig Jessica L. , Stolz Heidi E. , Reimnitz Siera J. , Baumgardner Megan , Renegar Rebecca G.
Published: July 2021

Extant research highlights the importance of early paternal engagement for children and families. Thus, there is strong support for the exploration of predictors of low-income father engagement. Informed by Belsky’s process model of parenting, this study explores contextual determinants of father–infant engagement (i.e., verbal engagement, physical play, and caregiving) including the unique contributions of the child, the father, and the broader social context. We utilized survey data from a sample of 183 non-residential, cohabitating, and married low-income fathers of infants participating in a home-visiting intervention. Results demonstrated that infant age was associated with increased caregiving and verbal engagement, fathers’ total work hours were negatively correlated with verbal engagement, fathers’ depressive symptoms were linked to increased physical play, and the quality of the coparenting alliance was related to physical play and caregiving. Findings may inform programs designed to promote paternal engagement during infancy.
Perceived Social Support and Heart Rate Variability: An Integrative Review
Authors: Goodyke Madison P. , Hershberger Patricia E. , Bronas Ulf G. , Dunn Susan L.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this integrative review is to explore and synthesize literature about the relationship between perceived social support and cardiac vagal modulation, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), during phases of an acute stress response to assess this potential relationship underlying the stress-buffering effects of perceived social support. A systematic search of seven databases was conducted, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase, ProQuest, medRxiv, and clinicaltrials.gov. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were systematically synthesized. A quality appraisal was completed for each included study. Majority of studies focused on time and frequency domain measures of HRV thought to reflect parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and identified them as positively associated with perceived social support during rest, stress induction, and recovery from an acute stressor. Results highlight the importance for nurses and other health care professionals to assess patients’ perceived social support, as increased perceived social support may contribute to an adaptive stress response.
Regulations and Norms for Reuse of Residual Clinical Biospecimens and Health Data
Authors: Umberfield Elizabeth E. , Kardia Sharon L. R. , Jiang Yun , Thomer Andrea K. , Harris Marcelline R.
Published: July 2021

Nurse scientists are increasingly interested in conducting secondary research using real world collections of biospecimens and health data. The purposes of this scoping review are to (a) identify federal regulations and norms that bear authority or give guidance over reuse of residual clinical biospecimens and health data, (b) summarize domain experts’ interpretations of permissions of such reuse, and (c) summarize key issues for interpreting regulations and norms. Final analysis included 25 manuscripts and 23 regulations and norms. This review illustrates contextual complexity for reusing residual clinical biospecimens and health data, and explores issues such as privacy, confidentiality, and deriving genetic information from biospecimens. Inconsistencies make it difficult to interpret, which regulations or norms apply, or if applicable regulations or norms are congruent. Tools are necessary to support consistent, expert-informed consent processes and downstream reuse of residual clinical biospecimens and health data by nurse scientists.
Librarians participation in professional development workshops using Zoom in Nigeria
Authors: Anene Ifeanyi Adindu , Idiedo Victor Okeoghene
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which librarians in Nigeria engaged in professional development workshops during the COVID-19 era. The study adopted a survey method using an online questionnaire. Factors such as saving money, the free nature of workshops, eliminating travel risk, in the comfort of the home, and providing an opportunity for all were mentioned as the benefits of participating in online workshops using Zoom. Buying data bundle, lack of computer/Android phone/smartphone, ignorance or lack of awareness of up-coming workshops, lack of time, power outage, nonchalant attitude towards technology, and network failures were identified as challenges of participation. The Zoom platform can be adopted for organizing workshops and meetings, and for teaching and learning in the post COVID-19 era.
Overaccumulation, crisis, and the contradictions of household waste sorting
Authors: Munro Kirstin
Published: July 2021

This article builds on Marxist-feminist analyses of the links between the household, the economy, and the state through a discussion of recycling, pointing to the ways the unwaged work of household waste sorting contributes to capitalism’s crisis-prone dynamic of overaccumulation. Household waste sorting is an instance of work transfer – a reorganization of labor and day-to-day life by the state and industry in which production is shifted from industry into households without compensation. A periodization of ‘waste regimes’ reveals how the state management of waste both mirrors and is implicated in accumulation regimes, their crises, and their resolutions. The current recycling crisis demonstrates the contradictory nature and futility of recycling in capitalism, and the specific manner in which the work transfer involved in household waste sorting contributes to accumulation and crisis.
What is commercial capital? Japanese contributions to Marxian market theory
Authors: Shibasaki Shinya , Ehara Kei
Published: July 2021

This article deals with the Japanese contributions to the Marxian theory of commercial capital, which can be originally found in Part 4 of Capital Vol. 3. This part was formerly considered important for developing the historical development of capitalist society in Japan, which is called the stages theory. From the 1980s to the 2000s, Shigekatsu Yamaguchi led the Japanese studies on the Marxian theory of commercial capital to reorganise the theory in Parts 4 and 5 of Capital Vol. 3, thereby pioneering the theoretical study of the capitalist market. Based on that development, we discuss the reconstruction of the relationship between the theory of the capitalist market and the stages theory, thereby illustrating a renewed and clearer understanding of the historical trajectory of capitalism.
Further thoughts on “‘If you prick me do I not bleed?”: Antisemitism, racism and group analysis - some thoughts.’ A response to Bacha, Einhorn and Lieberman
Authors: Bledin Kenneth
Published: July 2021

This article adds to the timely and important argument presented by Bacha, Einhorn and Lieberman (2021): we may all have blind spots in relation to our own racism – and to our own antisemitism. Some antisemitic tropes are repeated so often that they begin to be accepted, unquestioningly, by those who do not consider themselves antisemitic.
Using QuantCrit to Advance an Anti-Racist Developmental Science: Applications to Mixture Modeling
Authors: Suzuki Sara , Morris Stacy L. , Johnson Sara K.
Published: July 2021

How researchers use statistical analyses shapes their research toward or away from an anti-racist agenda. In this article, we demonstrate how developmental scientists can use the QuantCrit framework to critically examine the process of conducting quantitative analyses. In particular, we focus on mixture modeling to clearly demonstrate how the integration of QuantCrit can be achieved within a statistical technique. We first summarize the tenets of QuantCrit and how it has turned the lens of critical race theory onto quantitative methodology. Second, we provide a summary of the key concepts of mixture modeling. The main section of the article is organized according to three “moments” that occur in quantitative research: (1) development of the research question(s) and identification of analysis variables; (2) decision-making about the role of race in planned analyses; and (3) interpretation of the results through a theoretical framework. We describe each moment, illustrate how researchers can use QuantCrit principles within it, and offer as examples empirical articles from adolescent research where these strategies have been implemented during mixture modeling. It is our hope that readers will identify moments in their own analyses in which these (and other) principles could be applied.
The Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale—Subtle Version: Using an Adapted Measure to Understand the Declining Rates of Rape Myth Acceptance
Authors: Thelan Alexandra R. , Meadows Elizabeth A.
Published: July 2021

Research in recent years has shown decreased rates of rape myth acceptance. This decrease may be due to an actual decline in attitudes, but it may also be fully or in part because such attitudes have become socially undesirable to acknowledge. However, most of the current measures of rape myth acceptance are not sensitive to this issue. The purpose of the current study was to examine this issue by adapting the psychometrically sound items from the most established rape myth acceptance measure (the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, IRMA) and combining those with additional items that may seem less problematic to endorse. Results showed that the revised measure (IRMA-S) elicited higher levels of rape myth acceptance than the original when both were administered to all participants, regardless of the order of administration. This suggests that the decrease may in fact be due more to measurement issues than real declines in rape myth acceptance. However, this difference was very small practically, amounting to the difference between some agreement and some disagreement on a single item. Previous research has found that the measurement method employed in this study has been successful when utilizing other items, so it may be that the IRMA-S was not sensitive enough to detect real-world differences, or that having both measures included in a single administration, even with filler measures between them, affected responses to the IRMA-S. Despite not conclusively resolving that main question, this study moves this important area of research forward in several ways, including adding to the literature on rape myth acceptance results from a more diverse sample than previous ones and providing findings on the impact of different facets of social desirability, as well as pointing the way toward continued research on measurement of rape myth acceptance.
Commonshare: A New Approach to Social Reputation for Online Collaborative Communities
Authors: Rough Daniel , De Paoli Stefano , Wilson Anna
Published: July 2021

Reputation systems are a popular feature of web-based platforms for ensuring that their users abide by platform rules and regulations and are incentivized to demonstrate honest, trustworthy conduct. Accrual of “reputation” in these platforms, most prominently those in the e-commerce domain, is motivated by self-interested goals such as acquiring an advantage over competing platform users. Therefore, in community-oriented platforms, where the goals are to foster collaboration and cooperation among community members, such reputation systems are inappropriate and indeed contrary to the intended ethos of the community and actions of its members. In this article, we argue for a new form of reputation system that encourages cooperation rather than competition, derived from conceptualizing platform communities as a networked assemblage of users and their created content. In doing so, we use techniques from social network analysis to conceive a form of reputation that represents members’ community involvement over a period of time rather than a sum of direct ratings from other members. We describe the design and implementation of our reputation system prototype called “commonshare” and preliminary results of its use within a Digital Social Innovation platform. Further, we discuss its potential to generate insight into other networked communities for their administrators and encourage cooperation between their users.
High-Throughput Picosecond Laser Machining of Aerospace Nickel Superalloy
Authors: Marimuthu Sundar , Smith Bethan
Published: July 2021

This manuscript discusses the experimental results on 300 W picosecond laser machining of aerospace-grade nickel superalloy. The effect of the laser’s energetic and beam scanning parameters on the machining performance has been studied in detail. The machining performance has been investigated in terms of surface roughness, sub-surface thermal damage, and material removal rate. At optimal process conditions, a picosecond laser with an average power output of 300 W can be used to achieve a material removal rate (MRR) of ∼140 mm3/min, with thermal damage less than 20 µm. Shorter laser pulse widths increase the material removal rate and reduce the resultant surface roughness. High scanning speeds improve the picosecond laser machining performance. Edge wall taper of ∼10° was observed over all the picosecond laser machined slots. The investigation demonstrates that high-power picosecond lasers can be used for the macro-machining of industrial components at an acceptable speed and quality.
The Horton–Rogers–Lapwood problem in a Jeffrey fluid influenced by a vertical magnetic field
Authors: Yadav Dhananjay , Mohamad Abdul A , Awasthi Mukesh K
Published: July 2021

In this work, the impact of a magnetic field on the onset of the Jeffrey fluid convection through a porous medium is investigated theoretically. The layer of Jeffrey fluid is heated from below and is operated by a consistent upright magnetic field. Using the normal mode procedure, a dispersion equation is obtained analytically and this dispersion relation is utilized to derive the critical conditions for the onset of stationary and oscillatory patterns of convection. The results reveal that the stability of the system diminished with the augmentation of the Jeffrey parameter, while an opposite result is obtained with magnetic field parameters (magnetic Chandrasekhar–Darcy number and magnetic Prandtl number). The size of convective cells decreases with Jeffrey and magnetic field parameters. It is also found that the existence of a magnetic field indicates the possibility of the survival of the oscillatory mode of convection.
« Corps de gloire » et « corps sans organes » : Artaud médecin de lui-même
Authors: Philippe Maxime
Published: July 2021

Cet article propose une réévaluation critique de la notion de corps sans organes dans l’oeuvre d’Antonin Artaud à la lumière des cahiers d’Ivry publiés fin 2011 et dans lesquels Artaud mentionne un nouveau « corps de gloire ». L’auteur commence par préciser la relation entre « le corps sans organes » et la tradition catholique de façon à montrer comment Artaud détourne cette dernière de façon hérétique. Le corps sans organes d’Artaud est ensuite distingué de sa conceptualisation par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari en prenant appui sur des commentaires de Paule Thévenin, qui a édité les Œuvres complètes d’Artaud, ainsi que sur des textes d’Artaud contemporains à l’émission radiophonique qui contredisent la lecture deleuzo-guattarienne. En effet, le corps sans organes d’Artaud est défini de façon explicite en réaction à la psychanalyse freudienne et sa définition hérétique en tant que « corps de gloire » est destinée à s’opposer dans un même geste à la religion ainsi qu’à la psychanalyse.
Effect of radial inflow distortion on the performance of a highly loaded tandem stage
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pradeep AM
Published: July 2021

Engine size and weight optimization have always been high-priority design objectives for designers. Compressors occupy a relatively large part of the gas turbine engine. Owing to the adverse pressure gradient in the compressor, achieving the required pressure ratio within fewer stages has been a challenging task for compressor designers. Tandem blading is one of the novel concepts, which could be used to increase the pressure ratio by means of higher flow turning through the blade passages. This paper presents the performance characteristics of a tandem stage based on results from experiments and numerical analyses. The investigation is further extended to analyze the effect of a radial hub and tip distortion on the performance of the tandem stage. The experimental results are very well supported with some interesting numerical results, particularly near the hub and tip region. It is observed that the tandem stage demonstrates higher pressure rise and stall margin under clean inflow. The tandem stage is also observed to be more sensitive to radial distortion leading to a significant loss in the total pressure and the stall margin.
Intelligence and radicalization in French prisons: Sociological analysis bottom-up
Authors: Scheer David Henri , Chantraine Gilles
Published: July 2021

In the context of the fight against Islamist radicalization in France, prison intelligence rapidly developed from 2015 through the gradual creation of a dedicated service and a specific corps of professionals. This professionalization of prison intelligence work has deeply transformed the prison administration. This article aims to describe and analyse these transformations on the basis of an ethnographic study conducted in radicalization assessment units, which are specific units set up to assess prisoners who have committed or are suspected of committing crimes linked to radical Islam. We shall describe how the guards, probation officers, psychologists and educators participating in assessing the prisoners adapt to the new, encroaching presence of the intelligence mission. We shall analyse the forms of collaboration and competition between this staff and the prison intelligence officers. Lastly, we will examine criticism of the intelligence activity in the radicalization assessment units voiced by various professionals. The interpenetration of the assessment work and the intelligence mission – which are formally distinct missions – produces a specific type of knowledge relating to radicalized prisoners: a reproduction of certain representations or ‘profiles’.
Morphological and thermal characterization of an immiscible catalyzed polymer blends (PC/PET)
Authors: Meziane O , Bensedira AR , Guessoum M
Published: July 2021

The aim is to study the reactive compatibilization of two immiscible thermoplastic polyesters, namely polycarbonate (PC) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), by transesterification reactions through melt compounding. For this, a catalyst, which is hydrated samarium acetylacetonate (Sm(acac)3), is incorporated with concentrations of 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 phr into the 70PC/30PET mixture.

The characterization of the PC/PET blends by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that, the transesterification reactions in the absence of catalyst are undetectable or practically impossible; however, by increasing the catalyst concentration, significant variations are noticed on the thermal properties. These modifications, due to the interfacial reactions between the two phases of the system, were also evidenced by variations in morphological properties observed after the study of atomic force microscopy (AFM).
A Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis outbreak in weaned piglets in Serbia: clinical signs, pathologic changes, and microbiologic features
Authors: Savic Bozidar , Zdravkovic Nemanja , Radanovic Oliver , Jezdimirovic Nemanja , Kureljusic Branislav , Stevancevic Ognjen
Published: July 2021

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis is rarely detected in Europe, but the clinical disease has been reported in wild boars. We describe here the clinical findings, pathologic changes, and microbiologic features of swine salmonellosis caused by S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis in weaned piglets in Serbia. In April 2019, on a large farrow-to-finish pig farm, increased mortality was reported in weaned piglets, marked by lethargy, anorexia, pyrexia, and respiratory distress. Gross pathology revealed dermal cyanosis, mesenteric lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, interstitial pneumonia, and colitis. By direct culturing of lung, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, S. enterica ser. Choleraesuis variant Kunzendorf was isolated after years of absence of the disease in pig farms in Europe. The source of this salmonellosis outbreak caused by S. enterica ser. Choleraesuis remains unknown.
Clostridium piliforme infection (Tyzzer disease) in horses: retrospective study of 25 cases and literature review
Authors: García Juan A. , Navarro Mauricio A. , Fresneda Karina , Uzal Francisco A.
Published: July 2021

Tyzzer disease (TD) is caused by Clostridium piliforme, a gram-negative and obligate intracellular bacterium. The disease occurs in multiple species. A triad of lesions, namely colitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis, is described in cases of TD in some species, such as rats and mice. We carried out a retrospective analysis of 25 equine cases with a diagnosis of TD; 24 of 25 cases occurred in foals <45 d old; the remaining foal was 90 d old. There were 12 males and 12 females; no sex information was available for one foal. The affected breeds were Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred, Arabian, Paint, and Hanoverian. Most of the cases (19 of 25) occurred in the spring. There were 9 cases of sudden death; the remaining animals had diarrhea, fever, distended abdomen, depression, weakness, non-responsiveness, and/or recumbency. Gross findings included icterus, hepatomegaly with acinar pattern, serosal hemorrhages, pulmonary edema, and/or fluid content in small and large intestine. Microscopically, all foals had severe, multifocal, necrotizing hepatitis. Necrotizing lymphohistiocytic colitis was observed in 10 of 25 foals, and multifocal necrotizing myocarditis was found in 8 of 25. Gram-negative, Steiner-positive, intracytoplasmic filamentous bacteria were observed in hepatocytes, enterocytes, and myocardiocytes, respectively. PCR detected C. piliforme DNA in the liver (24 of 24), colon (20 of 24), and heart (5 of 25). Our results indicate that necrotic hepatitis is the hallmark of TD in horses; the so-called triad of lesions is not a consistent characteristic of the disease in this species.
Digital Storytelling as a Patient Engagement and Research Approach With First Nations Women: How the Medicine Wheel Guided Our Debwewin Journey
Authors: Rieger Kendra L. , Bennett Marlyn , Martin Donna , Hack Thomas F. , Cook Lillian , Hornan Bobbie
Published: July 2021

When research is conducted from a Western paradigm alone, the findings and resultant policies often ignore Indigenous peoples’ health practices and fail to align with their health care priorities. There is a need for decolonized approaches within qualitative health research to collaboratively identify intersecting reasons behind troubling health inequities and to integrate Indigenous knowledge into current health care services. We engaged with First Nations women to explore to what extent digital storytelling could be a feasible, acceptable, and meaningful research method to inform culturally safe health care services. This novel approach created a culturally safe and ethical space for authentic patient engagement. Our conversations were profound and provided deep insights into First Nations women’s experiences with breast cancer and guidance for our future qualitative study. We found that the digital storytelling workshop facilitated a Debwewin journey, which is an ancient Anishinabe way of knowing that connects one’s heart knowledge and mind knowledge.
A nonlinear torsional vibration model of harmonic gear reducer and the effect of various factors on torsional vibration during start and stop
Authors: Hu Rukang , Zhou Guangwu , Li Junyang
Published: July 2021

The torsional vibration problems often occur to industrial robots during start and stop due to the use of flexible wheel in harmonic gear reducer as a transmission pair. Because of the influence of nonlinear stiffness, transmission error, and other factors, the nonlinear torsional vibration of harmonic gear reducer will affect the stability and reliability of transmission system. In this article, based on the structural characteristics of the harmonic gear reducer, considering the nonlinear torsional stiffness, transmission error, meshing damping, and other factors, the nonlinear torsional dynamic model of the harmonic gear reducer was established with the theoretical analysis and the experimental results. Based on this model, the influence of various factors such as rotational speed, moment of inertia, torsional stiffness, and transmission error on the nonlinear torsional vibration of harmonic gear reducer was discussed. The results show that the vibration amplitude of harmonic gear reducer increases with the increase of speed, transmission error, and motor inertia, and decreases with the increase of load inertia and damping. The dynamic model and analysis method established in the study can provide the theoretical guidance for the optimal design and the vibration reduction of harmonic gear reducer.
Social Networks as A Predictive Factor in Preserving Cognitive Functioning During Aging: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yoo Ingyu
Published: July 2021

This study presents a review of the existing literature concerning the relationship between types of social network and cognitive functioning during aging. The primary intent of the study was to identify the nature of this relationship. The study examined relevant literature published between 2008 and 2019 using searches of 4 scientific databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO. This study identified the relationship between social-network types and cognitive decline. The relationship is influenced by quantitative rather than qualitative variables of social networks, and it was found that associated with cognitive changes in episodic memory, working memory, and processing speed. The mechanism by which social networks influence cognitive function has been unclear. This study identified cognitive-ability variables related to social-network variables that have a major impact on cognitive function.
Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma After Progression to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Analysis by the Meet-Uro Group (Meet-URO 1 Study)
Authors: Bersanelli Melissa , Buti Sebastiano , Cortellini Alessio , Bandini Marco , Banna Giuseppe Luigi , Pederzoli Filippo , Farè Elena , Raggi Daniele , Giannatempo Patrizia , De Giorgi Ugo , Basso Umberto , Losanno Tania , Santini Daniele , Mucciarini Claudia , Tucci Marcello , Tambaro Rosa , Farnesi Azzurra , Caffo Orazio , Veccia Antonello , Naglieri Emanuele , Briganti Alberto , Procopio Giuseppe , Pignata Sandro , Necchi Andrea
Published: July 2021

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are currently the standard of care for metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) after the failure of previous platinum-based chemotherapy. The choice of further therapy after ICI progression is a new challenge, and scarce data support it. We aimed to examine the outcomes of mUC patients after progression to ICI, especially when receiving chemotherapy.

Methods:

Data were retrospectively collected from clinical records of mUC patients whose disease progressed to anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1)or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy at 14 Italian centers. Patients were grouped according to ICI therapy setting into SALVAGE (ie, ICI delivered ⩾ second-line therapy after platinum-based chemotherapy) and NAÏVE (ie, first-line therapy) groups. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared among subgroups. Cox regression assessed the effect of treatments after progression to ICI on OS. Objective response rate (ORR) was calculated as the sum of partial and complete radiologic responses.

Results:

The study population consisted of 201 mUC patients who progressed after ICI: 59 in the NAÏVE cohort and 142 in the SALVAGE cohort. Overall, 52 patients received chemotherapy after ICI progression (25.9%), 20 (9.9%) received ICI beyond progression, 115 (57.2%) received best supportive care only, and 14 (7.0%) received investigational drugs. Objective response rate to chemotherapy in the post-ICI setting was 23.1% (28.0% in the NAÏVE group and 18.5% in the SALVAGE group). Median PFS and OS to chemotherapy after ICI-PD was 5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3-11) and 13 months (95% CI: 7-NA) for the NAÏVE group; 3 months (95% CI: 2-NA) and 9 months (95% CI: 6-NA) for the SALVAGE group, respectively. Overall survival from ICI initiation was 17 months for patients receiving chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.09, p < 0.001), versus 8 months for patients receiving ICI beyond progression (HR = 0.13, p < 0.001), and 2 months for patients who did not receive further active treatment ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Chemotherapy administered after ICI progression for mUC patients is advisable irrespective of the treatment line.
Does the party in power affect FDI? First causal evidence from narrow margin US state elections
Authors: Wang Kunyu , Heyes Anthony
Published: July 2021

Does the party of government influence the amount and type of inward foreign investment? Correlational studies provide inconsistent evidence. Moreover no existing study, for any level of government or any jurisdiction, uses methods that allow for causal inference. We apply regression discontinuity methods to a set of narrow margin US gubernatorial elections. Over the course of a 4-year term the election of a Republican governor causes a 17% boost in the growth of manufacturing-oriented FDI stock, compared to a Democrat. However, the same approach provides no evidence that partisanship matters for the overall level of FDI.
The one-sided explanations of a multifactorial coronavirus disease
Authors: Rosén Måns , Stenbeck David , Stenbeck Magnus
Published: July 2021

Short-term interventions to suppress COVID-19 completely dominate the public, political and even the professional discussion on what explains observed differences in mortality and morbidity across countries. This leads to an exaggerated view of what such measures can accomplish. Factors such as housing and social conditions as well as travel patterns are equally important but neglected aspects of the COVID-19 development. A multifactorial disease needs a multivariate analytical approach.
Emotion Recognition in Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bérubé Annie , Turgeon Jessica , Blais Caroline , Fiset Daniel
Published: July 2021

Child maltreatment has many well-documented lasting effects on children. Among its consequences, it affects children’s recognition of emotions. More and more studies are recognizing the lasting effect that a history of maltreatment can have on emotion recognition. A systematic literature review was conducted to better understand this relationship. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used and four databases were searched, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and FRANCIS, using three cross-referenced key words: child abuse, emotion recognition, and adults. The search process identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the wide variety of measures used to assess child maltreatment as well as the different protocols used to measure emotion recognition. The results indicate that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment show a differentiated reaction to happiness, anger, and fear. Happiness is less detected, whereas negative emotions are recognized more rapidly and at a lower intensity compared to adults not exposed to such traumatic events. Emotion recognition is also related to greater brain activation for the maltreated group. However, the results are less consistent for adults who also have a diagnosis of mental health problems. The systematic review found that maltreatment affects the perception of emotions expressed on both adult and child faces. However, more research is needed to better understand how a history of maltreatment is related to adults’ perception of children’s emotions.
Disentangling the Associations Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Child Sexual Abuse: A Systematic Review
Authors: Langevin Rachel , Marshall Carley , Wallace Aimée , Gagné Marie-Emma , Kingsland Emily , Temcheff Caroline
Published: July 2021

Background:

An association between child sexual abuse (CSA) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been documented. However, the temporal relationship between these problems and the roles of trauma-related symptoms or other forms of maltreatment remain unclear. This review aims to synthesize available research on CSA and ADHD, assess the methodological quality of the available research, and recommend future areas of inquiry.

Methods:

Studies were searched in five databases including Medline and PsycINFO. Following a title and abstract screening, 151 full texts were reviewed and 28 were included. Inclusion criteria were sexual abuse occurred before 18 years old, published quantitative studies documenting at least a bivariate association between CSA and ADHD, and published in the past 5 years for dissertations/theses, in French or English. The methodological quality of studies was systematically assessed.

Results:

Most studies identified a significant association between CSA and ADHD; most studies conceptualized CSA as a precursor of ADHD, but only one study had a longitudinal design. The quality of the studies varied greatly with main limitations being the lack of (i) longitudinal designs, (ii) rigorous multimethod/ multiinformant assessments of CSA and ADHD, and (iii) control for two major confounders: trauma-related symptoms and other forms of child maltreatment.

Discussion:

Given the lack of longitudinal studies, the directionality of the association remains unclear. The confounding role of other maltreatment forms and trauma-related symptoms also remains mostly unaddressed. Rigorous studies are needed to untangle the association between CSA and ADHD.
Mandatory Reporting and Adolescent Sexual Assault
Authors: Bailey Caroline , Shaw Jessica , Harris Abril
Published: July 2021

Adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of sexual violence, higher than any other age-group. This is concerning as sexual violence can have detrimental effects on teens’ personal and relational well-being, causing long-term consequences for the survivor. Still, adolescents are hesitant to report the assault or seek out services and resources. When an adolescent survivor does seek out services, they may interact with a provider who is a mandatory reporter. This scoping review sought to synthesize the current U.S.-based research on the role, challenges, and impact of mandatory reporting (MR) in the context of adolescent sexual assault. Database searches using key words related to MR, sexual assault, and adolescence identified 29 peer-reviewed articles. However, none of these articles reported on empirical investigations of the phenomenon of interest and instead consisted of case studies, commentaries, and position papers. The scoping review was expanded to provide a lay of the land of what we know about the intersection of adolescent sexual assault and MR. Results of the review indicate that though implemented broadly, MR policies vary between individuals, organizations, and states and have historically been challenging to implement due to this variation, conflicts with other laws, tension between these policies and providers’ values, and other factors. Based on the available literature, the impact of MR in the context of adolescent sexual assault is unknown. There is a critical need for research and evaluation on the implementation and impact of MR policies, especially in the context of adolescents and sexual violence.
Maturation as a Promoter of Change in Features of Psychopathy Between Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
Authors: McCuish Evan C. , Gushue Kelsey
Published: July 2021

The relationship between psychopathy and negative behavioral, social, and health outcomes has lead to calls to identify factors that promote change in features of psychopathy. Given that maturation has important implications for changes in personality more broadly, it also may be informative of changes in specific personality traits associated with psychopathy. Rocque’s integrated maturation theory was used in the current study to guide the measurement of psychosocial, adult social role, and identity maturation domains among boys and girls from the Pathways to Desistance Study ( n = 1,354). Based on cross-lagged dynamic panel models, within-individual change in temperance (psychosocial maturation), work orientation and consideration of others (adult social role maturation), and moral disengagement (identity maturation) predicted within-individual change in features of psychopathy measured using the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory. Maturation may influence features of psychopathy directly or indirectly through changes in a person’s social environment. Understanding why features of psychopathy change is an important step for developing person-oriented intervention strategies.
Primary angiosarcoma of aorta: A systematic review
Authors: Kordzadeh Ali , Askari Alan , Navi Ali , Patel Sandeep , Parsa Ali D , Charalabopoulos Alexandros
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

To elucidate the epidemiology, anatomical, presentation, classification, pathology, investigative modalities, management and prognosis of primary angiosarcoma of the aorta.

Material and Methods:

A systematic review of literature from the database inception to January 2021 in PubMed and Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library in accordance to PRISMA was conducted. Retrieval and extraction was performed by two independent reviewers. The hierarchy of the evidence was assessed through the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Checklist. Data were subjected to pooled prevalence analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival and test of probability using log-rank analysis. This review is registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: RD42021231314.

Results:

82 studies with n = 123 cases met the inclusion criterion. Abdominal (45%) aorta was the commonest anatomical site with female predominance in ascending aorta (4:1) and aortic arch (2:1). The longest survival was in the ascending aorta and the shortest in the abdominal aorta [540 (interquartile range [IQR], 7–1560 days vs. 180 (IQR, 1–5730 days)], respectively. The overall median survival was 210 days (IQR, 1–5730 days) or 7 months. Lack of metastasis (47%) was a marker of longer survival ( p < 0.03) irrespective of other attributes.

Conclusion:

The pathophysiology appears to be a trend of increasing fatigue, fever and weight loss associated with segmental dysfunction of the aorta projecting occlusive or destructive phenotypes. Computed tomography angiography features of volume-occupying, bulky, polypoid (intraluminal), protrusive vegetation, hyper vascular without atherosclerotic lesions are extremely suggestive of PA of the aorta at 5th and 6th decades of life.