bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation: Cycling and Succession in Lodgepole Pine Forests
Authors: Romme W. , Yavitt J. , Knight D. , Fedders J.
Published: July 2020

This work began in 1980 with the objective of studying the effects of mountain pine beetle outbreaks in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks and the surrounding area. The immediate effects of outbreaks on stand structure have been documented, but little is known about long-term influences on ecosystem processes such as primary productivity, material cycling, and succession. Thus, our research deals with the effects of beetle outbreaks on (1) rates of growth in surviving trees and total stand productivity, (2) dead woody fue1s and fire risk, (3) forest succession, and ( 4) nutrient cycling.
Riparian Vegetation of the Northern Range, Yellowstone National Park; Classification, Succession and Environmental Relationships
Authors: Pfister Robert , Hansen Paul
Published: July 2020

For many years interest in and research concerning wetlands has lagged behind the more extensive efforts put furth in upland and aquatic ecosystems. Recent years have seen wetlands featured in several symposia (Johnson and Jones 1977; Johnson and others 1985; Ratliff 1985; Brosz and Rodgers 1986). Within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and contiguous areas several studies both intensive (Norton, et al 1981; Tuhy 1981; Mattson 1982; Mutz and Queiroz 1983)and extensive (Tuhy and Jensen 1982; Youngblood, et a1 1985; Pierce and Johnson 1986) have been completed. The climate of northern Yellowstone is a hybrid between continental and inland maritime. There is a gradient in precipitation and temperature between the lowest recording station Gardiner (1616 m) and the Northeast Entrance station (2244 m). Gardiner, by virtue of its low elevation, is the warmest and driest location with only 277 mm mean annual precipitation, of which most occurs in the late spring-early summer. The Northeast Entrance, the highest reporting station in this Northern portion of the park, is the wettest (670 mm) and coldest. However, precipitation at the Northeast Entrance is more evenly distributed throughout the year with distinct peaks in early summer and mid winter. Of potentially greater importance than climate to understanding wetland composition is water chemistry. Streams originating to the east of the study area in the Absaroka Range drain predominately extrusive igneous (andesitic) rock and glacial till. Streams originating to the south of the study area drain oligotrophic tephra and rhyolitic substrates. To the west and north a mix of sedimentary and glacial till substrates are represented. Groundwater from these distinct geologic substrates, in addition to water from unique thermal features producing a complexity of groundwater environments in this "northern range".
Survey of Vertebrates on the Big Hole National Battlefield
Authors: Van Sickle Walter , Lindzey Fred
Published: July 2020

The primary objective of the survey was to determine species composition, relative abundance, and distribution of vertebrates on the Big Hole National Battlefield. Secondary objectives included: 1) identification of unique species such as those listed as threatened or endangered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and estimation of their population size; b) identification of species not endemic to the area and estimation of their population size; and c) make recommendations with regard to controlled burns. Information gained from the survey will enable National Park Service managers to assess future environmental impacts and develop reliable management plans.
Interactive Ecology of Plants and Large Mammal Herbivores in the Northern Range of Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Frank Douglas , McNaughton S.
Published: July 2020

The number of elk and bison that should occupy Yellowstones northern range is strictly a value decision that rests in the hands of park management and, ultimately, public opinion, and is beyond the scope of this study. The objective here is to place elk and bison herbivory in the northern range in an ecosystem context, so that their affect can be understood in a mechanistic fashion. Specifically, we will address their influence on energy and nutrient flows in the system. With this information, park managers will be able to weigh management alternatives in an ecosystem process framework.
Wetland Vegetation of the Northern Range, Yellowstone National Park: Classification, Succession, and Environmental Relationships
Authors: Pfister Robert , Hansen Paul , Chadde Steve
Published: July 2020

A 3-year study of the wetland plant communities of the northern range of Yellowstone National Park was initiated in May, 1985. This report covers activities during calendar year 1987.
Historical Vegetation, Fuel Loads, and Integrated Resource Information Systems for Bryce Canyon National Park
Authors: Roberts David , Jenkins Michael , Wight Douglas
Published: July 2020

The research has four primary Objectives: 1. Map Bryce Canyon National Park to historic vegetation type by use of relocated historic photographs, inference from similar regions, and results of computer simulations using estimated fire return frequencies; 2. Map fuel loads and fuel model types throughout Bryce Canyon National Park; 3. Classify and map areas by fire groups using information on vegetation composition and response to fire; and 4. Develop a written and pictorial document to portray vegetation change in historical time. These objectives are integrated into an overall program to determine the role of fire in maintaining the previous historical vegetation composition, to determine the potential for use of fire as a tool to reconstruct historic vegetation, and to determine fuel management opportunities and problems resulting from current conditions. All map information is to be digitized as SAGIS GIS maps and entered into a landscape simulation model for use by Park Service personnel.
Inventory of Plant Species of Special Concern and the General Flora of Dinosaur National Monument
Authors: Kuntz David , Naumann Tamara
Published: July 2020

Field surveys during the second year (1988) of a botanical inventory of Dinosaur National Monument (DNM) concentrated in the Yampa River Canyon, its tributaries and selected adjacent uplands, and on Wild Mountain. Inventory efforts focused on areas not represented in historical collection records and on habitats with a high probability of supporting rare plant taxa. A museum research conponent was added to the study in the second year.
Structural History of the Buffalo Fork Fault and Ancestral Washakie Range, Wyoming
Authors: Lageson David
Published: July 2020

The Buffalo Fork fault is an east-dipping, north-trending reverse\thrust fault which lies along the west side of the Washakie Range in northwestern Wyoming (Love, 1975). This fault was active during the Laramide Orogeny (60-55 million years ago), during which time it uplifted the Ancestral Washakie Range. The purpose of this on-going research project is to determine the displacement vector of the Buffalo Fork fault and to relate this to the regional kinematic pattern of Laramide deformation in northwestern Wyoming. Previous field work by the author (Lageson, 1987) has shown that other Laramide faults in northwestern Wyoming experienced significant components of oblique-slip, depending on their orientation. If a regional pattern of displacement can be determined from several faults, then it may be possible to reconstruct the crustal stress field during the Laramide Orogeny. This study of the Buffalo Fork fault is one step toward this greater goal.
Impacts of Prescribed Burning on Archeological and Biological Resources of the Knife River Indian Villages NHS
Authors: Sayler Rodney , Seabloom Robert , Ahler Stanley
Published: July 2020

The Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site (KNRI) was established in 1974 for the purpose of insuring the preservation, interpretation, and research of unique historical and archeological resources associated with the Plains Indian and various cultural-historic periods (Hellickson-Key 1984). Cultural resource studies have revealed a wealth of archeological artifacts and historical sites within the KNRI (Lovick and Ahler 1982). At the present time, all fires are suppressed, although it is known that both fire and flood management played major roles in maintenance of the park's ecosystem. This study is designed to: (1) determine the effects of prairie fires on surface and subsurface archeological materials through an experimental burning program, (2) describe the potential impacts of various prescribed burning programs on plant communities and maintenance of the park ecosystem, and (3) based on the preceding results, develop a fire managerrent plan for future implementation at the Knife River Indian Villages NHS.
The Impacts of External Development on the Economic and Aesthetic Values of Theodore Roosevelt National Park
Authors: Reed Pat , Wallace George
Published: July 2020

Following several telephone conferences with the TRNP staff - especially Jeff Bradybaugh and Bob Powell - co-principal investigators George Wallace and Pat Reed visited the Park during the week of May 30-June 3. During this visit we further discussed the main issues and concerns held by the staff and spent several days becoming well acquainted with the Park and both the existing and proposed development that staff members feel may be a threat to Park values. This reconnaissance and an analysis of use data enabled us to agree on the criteria for selecting interview sites. Chief Ranger Bob Powell assisted with the formulation of a sampling plan. At the end of the week we were able to finalize interview sites with the help of the staff and take photographs at each - most of which were designated as Integral Vistas for the Park. Upon our return, a sampling plan was finalized and the work began on the survey instruments. The photos were enlarged and retouched by an artist so that visitors can view the landscape at each interview site in both its pristine condition and with features that may represent encroachments on that vista (this requires both the inclusion and removal of impacts). All simulated features were identified as probable or possible and inserted at the proper scale after computing the distances. As described in the proposal, these pairs of photos enable us to ask a series of comparative questions of visitors.
Late-Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic History of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton Region
Authors: Barnosky Cathy
Published: July 2020

The research underway has focused on two different aspects of the environmental history of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton region. One objective has been to examine the long-term vegetational and climatic history of Jackson Hole, the Pinyon Peak Highlands, and Yellowstone Park since the end of late Pinedale glaciation, about 14,000 years ago. Fossil pollen in sediment cores from lakes in the region is being analyzed to clarify the nature and composition of ice-age refugia, the rate and direction of plant migrations in the initial stages of reforestation, and the long-term stability of postglacial communities. Sedimentary charcoal also is being examined to reconstruct fire frequency during different climatic regions and different vegetation types in the past. This information is necessary to assess the sensitivity of plant communities to environmental change and to understand postglacial landscapes of the northern rocky Mountains. The second objective has been a multidisciplinary investigation of the relationship of climate to sedimentation rates in lakes and ponds in Yellowstone, undertaken with Drs. Wright, D.R. Engstrom and S.C. Fritz of the University of Minnesota. This facet of the research examines the relative importance of climate, fire, hillslope erosion induced by overgrazing, and nutrient enrichment in the last 150 years, as recorded in selected lakes in the northern range of Yellowstone. Populations of elk and bison are known to have fluctuated greatly during this interval, and slight climatic changes are suggested from other lines of research. In this study pollen, diatoms, charcoal, sediment chemistry, and sediment accumulation rates are analyzed in short cores from small lakes.
Status, Distribution, and Management of Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Authors: Laundre John
Published: July 2020

Mountain goats ( Oreamnos americanus) are indigenous to western North America but are not native to the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Recent introductions of mountain goats at several sites in National Forests surrounding Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks have brought them to the area. The introductions have been successful and goat populations are increasing. Goats are now reported to be in most mountain ranges surrounding the Parks and occasional sightings are reported within the Parks.
A Habitat Preference Analysis of the Virgin Spinedace in Zion National Park
Authors: Deacon James , Rebane Anga
Published: July 2020

Distribution, abundance, and habitat utilization of the Virgin Spinedace, Lepidomeda mollispinis nnllispinis, is being studied at 12 stations in and near Zion National Park, Utah, and one at Lytle Ranch, Utah. Fish are being collected by seining and electroshocking, and associated habitat parameters of water depth, current velocity, substrate type, cover, and water conductivity are being measured. Suitability index curves for spinedace are being developed for depth, substrate, and current velocity.
Researchers at the Jackson Hole Biological Research Station and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center with their Institutional Affiliations 1946-1988
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a list of researchers at the Jackson Hole Biological Research Station and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center with their Institutional affiliations from 1946-1988.
Plant Community Distribution, Dynamics, Fuel Loads, and Fire Behavior in Bryce Canyon National Park
Authors: Roberts David , Hallsten Gregory , Wight Doug
Published: July 2020

This research program incorporates four primary objectives: (1) develop a comprehensive vegetation classification for Bryce Canyon National Park and to map the current and potential vegetation for the park; (2) develop a vital attributes succession model which depicts the successional development and disturbance response of plant communities in Bryce Canyon; (3) determine and characterize the fuel loads typical of each successional community type; (4) predict the behavior of fires occurring in each of the successional community types.
Model Testing for Future Reintroductions of Desert Bighorn Sheep at Capitol Reef National Park
Authors: Steel Terri , Machalek Michael , Workman Gar
Published: July 2020

The objective of the 1989 fieldwork was the testing of a model developed in 1988. The main project objectives are to: (1) evaluate the success of the transplant operations; (2) investigate habitat selection behavior of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis); and (3) develop a model which classifies areas suitable for sheep use. This model will then be incorporated into a Geographic Information System (G.I.S.) to examine macrohabitat use patterns. Software to be used includes: SAGIS, MAP, DBIII, and HOMER.
Assesment of the Littoral Macrophyte Community in Jackson Lake, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming Following Reconstruction of the Jackson Lake Dam
Authors: Brewer Carol
Published: July 2020

Beginning in 1978, the water level of Jackson Lake, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, was lowered first from 2064.5m (normal pool) to between 2060.3m-2061.8m, and then in 1985 to 2057.2m. The purpose of these drawdowns was to facilitate repair and modification of the Jackson Lake dam. In 1989, repair was completed and the reservoir was allowed to fill back to the normal pool elevation of 2064.5m Because of impacts to the littoral habitat in Jackson Lake caused by restoration of the dam at the Snake River outlet, the status of the aquatic plant community was assessed in August, 1989, to follow up to investigations conducted in 1983 (prior to reconstruction) and 1985 (immediately following drawdown to 2055.4m) by Brewer (1986). This report summarizes findings from the 1989 study on impacts to the littoral macrophyte community caused by the repair-related drawdowns. A detailed report assessing current physical and biological conditions in Jackson Lake was submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in October (Brewer, 1989).
Annual Aboveground Production and Consumption by Large Mammalian Herbivores in the Northern Range of Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Frank Douglas , McNaughton S.
Published: July 2020

The principal objectives of this study are to measure aboveground net primary productivity and consumption by large mammalian herbivores in Yellowstone's northern range. The significance of such information is two-fold. Firstly, it will provide a "pulse rate" of ecosystem processes in an integral region of the Yellowstone Ecosystem and a comparison of rates of energy and nutrient flows with other ecosystems worldwide. This is of particular ecological interest, since such data for areas supporting large populations of freeÂ­ranging native herbivores are rare. Secondly, these data will provide a greater understanding of the effects of ungulate use on ecosystem function in Yellowstone, and thereby, an assessment of current park management of ungulate populations.
Ecology of Fescue Grasslands in Glacier National Park
Authors: Tyser Robin
Published: July 2020

Fescue grasslands are important habitat types within several drainage systems in Glacier National Park. A two year field study (1989, 1990) was undertaken to assess factors potentially threatening the integrity of these grasslands. Objectives of this study are to: 1. Identify factors determining the distribution of fescue grasslands; 2. Describe plant and vertebrate communities inhabiting fescue grasslands; 3. Identify factors that are potentially disruptive to the natural integrity of fescue grasslands; and 4. Develop a management model that includes hypotheses to be tested by management actions. Field work for both first and second seasons has now been completed and data analysis is in progress.
The development of a novel autologous blood glue aiming to improve osseointegration in the bone-implant interface
Authors: Sanghani-Kerai Anita , Coathup Melanie , Brown Robyn , Lodge George , Osagie-Clouard Liza , Graney Ian , Skinner John , Gikas Panogiotis , Blunn Gordon
Published: July 2020

Aims

For cementless implants, stability is initially attained by an interference fit into the bone and osteo-integration may be encouraged by coating the implant with bioactive substances. Blood based autologous glue provides an easy, cost-effective way of obtaining high concentrations of growth factors for tissue healing and regeneration with the intention of spraying it onto the implant surface during surgery. The aim of this study was to incorporate nucleated cells from autologous bone marrow (BM) aspirate into gels made from the patient’s own blood, and to investigate the effects of incorporating three different concentrations of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on the proliferation and viability of the cells in the gel.

Methods

The autologous blood glue (ABG) that constituted 1.25, 2.5, and 5 times concentration PRP were made with and without equal volumes of BM nucleated cells. Proliferation, morphology, and viability of the cells in the glue was measured at days 7 and 14 and compared to cells seeded in fibrin glue.

Results

Overall, 2.5 times concentration of PRP in ABG was capable of supporting the maximum growth of cells isolated from the BM aspirate and maintain their characteristics. Irrespective of PRP concentration, cells in ABG had statistically significantly higher viability compared to cells in fibrin glue.

Conclusion

In vitro this novel autologous gel is more capable of supporting the growth of cells in its structure for up to 14 days, compared to commercially available fibrin-based sealants, and this difference was statistically significant. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(7):402–411.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensing platform for detecting amyloid-β peptide interaction with an aggregation inhibitor
Authors: de Oliveira Marcos A. Soares , Hilt Silvia , Chang Che-Wei , Lee Changwon , Voss John C. , Chan James W.
Published: July 2020

Soluble, small amyloid-

β

oligomers (

A

β

O

) are recognized as significant contributors to the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although drugs for treating AD symptoms have been approved, no therapy targeting amyloid-

β

(

A

β

) capable of modifying the course of the disease is available. In an effort to develop a label-free method for screening new anti-AD therapeutic agents, we show the use of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrate for detecting the interactions between

A

β

peptides and spin-labeled fluorine (SLF), a peptide aggregation inhibitor. Changes in the peak positions and intensity ratios of two spectral peaks near

1600

c

m

−
1

and

2900

c

m

−
1

can be used to monitor the molecular interactions between SLF and

A

β

. This study demonstrates the potential of SERS spectroscopy for rapidly screening and identifying new anti-

A

β

therapeutic agents.
Observation of two-photon coalescence in weak coherent wave packets
Authors: Arruda Marcelo F. Z. , Mahdavifar Moslem , Krop Thomas , Ribeiro Paulo H. Souto , Rafsanjani Seyed Mohammad Hashemi
Published: July 2020

We present an experimental investigation of two-photon interference using a continuous-wave laser. Using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, we observe two-photon coalescence and its complementary effect, Hong–Ou–Mandel interference. We also demonstrate two-photon coalescence using a Michelson interferometer. Our work paves the way for the realization of multi-photon interference in high photon loss scenarios using continuous-wave lasers.
From African “tam-tam” to nonlinear optics [Invited]
Authors: Kofané Timoléon C. , Tabi Conrad B. , Moubissi Alain B. , Tchawoua Clément
Published: July 2020

The field of nonlinear optics has been investigated extensively since its beginning in 1961. This development is in both the theory of nonlinear effects and the theory of nonlinear interactions in nonlinear media, and in the applications of nonlinear devices. The mathematical basis of nonlinear optics is Maxwell’s system of equations governing propagation of electromagnetic waves in a material medium, combined with relations accounting for the nonlinear response of the medium to the electromagnetic field. This review paper presents the contribution of African researchers to recent theoretical advances in the study of nonlinear interactions between electromagnetic waves with different types of nonlinear media, such as optical fibers, metamaterials, and Bose–Einstein condensates, that constitute a fascinating source of temporal, spatial, and spatiotemporal phenomena in the physics of light, and that lead to modulational instability, optical pulse compression, rogue waves,PT-symmetric phenomena, supercontinuum generation, and dissipative solitons.
Microwave photonic frequency down-conversion and channel switching for satellite communication
Authors: Zhu Sha , Fan Xiaojie , Li Ming , Hua Zhu Ning , Li Wei
Published: July 2020

We present a photonic approach to realize radio frequency (RF) down-conversion and intermediate frequency (IF) channel switching for satellite communication. Conventionally, photonic RF mixers always suffer from limitations of one operational state and one IF channel. We proposed a photonic repeater that can realize multiple frequency down-conversion states and different IF channel switching. Two separated RF ports and two independent local oscillator ports ensure the repeater can down-convert RF signals in different bands simultaneously. Based on the characteristic that orthogonally polarized optical signals cannot beat with each other, the crosstalk between different channels is alleviated. Since no optical filters are involved, the repeater can process broadband RF signals down-conversion and broadband IF signals channel switching. The proposed photonic repeater features compact structure, broad and different bands of operation, and no physical optical splitting, which is promising for a satellite payload.
Boosting optical nonreciprocity: surface reconstruction in iron garnets
Authors: Dash Sushree S. , Mukherjee Pinaki , Haskel Daniel , Rosenberg Richard A. , Levy Miguel
Published: July 2020

Bi-substituted iron garnet films are extensively used in the fabrication of nonreciprocal devices in optical telecommunications. The miniaturization of these devices for on-chip integration requires the development of more efficient magneto-optic materials than presently available. Recent evidence has emerged of large near-surface enhancements in the magneto-optic response in these materials. However, their operative mechanisms at the atomic and electronic levels are not as yet understood. We report significant differences in the ionic structure between surface and bulk in bismuth-substituted iron garnet materials. It is found that the unit cell is elongated normal to the surface, thus enlarging the separation between

F
e

3
+

ions. These ions play a central role in the magneto-optic response of this material. A marked displacement of Fe ions creates gaps at the surface that are populated in the bulk. Concomitantly, surface- and bulk-sensitive measurements of spin-polarized 3d

F
e

3
+

states show significant differences in the magnitude of

L

2

edge x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, as well as differences in

L

3

edge dichroism, which, in the presence of spin-orbit coupling in 3d states, can be assigned to high-energy states. An increase in magnetic circular dichroism correlates with larger Faraday rotation. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of the surface in the electronic transitions to excited

F
e

3
+

3d states, responsible for these nonreciprocal phenomena. Together with the surface reconstruction underlying these effects reported here, they provide a useful tool for the further development of improved materials technologies to advance the integration of nonreciprocal devices in optical circuits.
Circular dichroism second-harmonic generation microscopy probes the polarity distribution of collagen fibrils
Authors: Schmeltz Margaux , Teulon Claire , Pinsard Maxime , Hansen Uwe , Alnawaiseh Maged , Ghoubay Djida , Borderie Vincent , Mosser Gervaise , Aimé Carole , Légaré François , Latour Gaël , Schanne-Klein Marie-Claire
Published: July 2020

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is currently the preferred technique for visualizing collagen in intact tissues, but the usual implementations struggle to reveal collagen fibrils oriented out of the imaging plane. Recently, an advanced SHG modality, circular dichroism SHG (CD-SHG), has been proposed to specifically highlight out-of-plane fibrils. In this study, we present a theoretical analysis of CD-SHG signals that goes beyond the electric dipolar approximation to account for collagen chirality. We demonstrate that magnetic dipolar contributions are necessary to analyze CD-SHG images of human cornea sections and other collagen-rich samples. We show that the sign of CD-SHG signals does not reveal whether collagen fibrils point upwards or downwards as tentatively proposed previously. CD-SHG instead probes the polarity distribution of out-of-plane fibril assemblies at submicrometer scale, namely homogeneous polarity versus a mix of antiparallel fibrils. This makes CD-SHG a powerful tool for characterizing collagen organization in tissues, specifically the degree of disorder, which is affected during pathological remodeling. CD-SHG may thus serve to discriminate healthy and diseased collagen-rich tissues.
Jiménez-Yáñez, Ricardo-María (2020). Comunicar en la universidad y en la vida profesional. Pamplona: Eunsa. 337 Páginas
Authors: Gallostra Acín Blanca
Published: July 2020

Reseña: Jiménez-Yáñez, Ricardo-María (2020). Comunicar en la universidad y en la vida profesional. Pamplona: Eunsa. 337 Páginas
Precisiones para una caracterización lingüística de la neología semántica
Authors: Díaz Hormigo María Tadea
Published: July 2020

Al prestar atención a la forma de manifestación de un neologismo, los investigadores distinguen entre neología formal o de forma y sentido, basada en la creación de un significante nuevo o de un significante y un significado nuevos, y la neología semántica o de sentido, que implica la presencia de un nuevo significado o acepción en un significante ya existente. En este artículo, analizamos la neología semántica y, más concretamente, la naturaleza o carácter del nuevo significado o acepción que esta comporta. Pretendemos mostrar que los significados léxico, categorial y sintáctico o estructural, definidos en el marco del estructuralismo lingüístico europeo, han de ser tenidos en cuenta al establecer una tipología de los neologismos semánticos. Esta perspectiva contribuirá a deslindar entre sí los subtipos de neologismos semánticos habitualmente enumerados y a considerar como propios de esta neología semántica algunos procedimientos de creación hasta ahora no atendidos o sistemáticamente incluidos en la neología formal.
La creación léxica en una lengua artificial: el dothraki, de Juego de Tronos
Authors: Gándara Fernández Leticia
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo presenta un análisis del léxico del dothraki, lengua inventada para la popular adaptación televisiva Juego de tronos, basada en la saga Canción de hielo y fuego de George R. R. Martin. Primeramente, el estudio se ha centrado en los términos inventados por Martin con el fin de observar cómo estos influyen decisivamente en la construcción del vocabulario del dothraki. En segundo lugar, se incluye un corpus de palabras pertenecientes a los campos léxicos y semánticos más importantes de esta lengua. Estos permiten trazar, en último lugar, un análisis de los procedimientos de formación léxica empleados por David J. Peterson en el diseño de este sistema lingüístico artificial.
La entonación de los enunciados declarativos de foco amplio en el habla limeña
Authors: Garzón Acuña Olga Lucía , Velásquez Upegui Eva Patricia
Published: July 2020

En esta investigación se observan las características entonativas de los enunciados declarativos de foco amplio en el habla limeña, como parte del proyecto de Prosodia Basada en el Uso (PBU) en los corpus PRESEEA (Martín Butragueño y Velásquez-Upegui, 2014). El estudio se fundamenta en los principios del Modelo Métrico Autosegmental (AM). De acuerdo con la metodología propuesta en PBU, se consideran las variaciones en la frecuencia (f0) de las sílabas del tonema. Así mismo, se estudia la declinación tonal entre el tono básico y el tono final de los enunciados. En la descripción de los datos se analiza el efecto de las variables sexo, edad y grado de instrucción, en el movimiento de la f0 en los contextos mencionados. Los resultados indican que las variables de estratificación social inciden en las variaciones de la f0 entre las sílabas prenuclear y nuclear, concretamente, las variables de sexo y edad.
Tanári nézetek feltárása a célelmélet TARGETS-dimenziói kapcsán – egy interjúkutatás eredményei
Authors: Mezei Tímea , Fejes József Balázs
Published: July 2020

Az elmúlt néhány évtizedben a tanulási motivációval foglalkozó kutatások számos, az osztálytermi gyakorlatban alkalmazható eredményt hoztak, azonban ezek a tanári gyakorlatban alig realizálódtak. A jelenség magyarázata vélhetően részben a pedagógusok motivációval kapcsolatos nézeteihez köthető, amely meggátolja a kutatási eredmények befogadását. Munkánk a célelmélet keretei között felhalmozott tudás gyakorlatba való átültetésének lehetőségeit vizsgálja a pedagógusok nézőpontjából. A célelmélet keretében a TARGETS-dimenziók (Task, Authority, Recognition, Grouping, Evaluation, Time, Social Relationship) kínálnak keretet az osztálytermi gyakorlat motiválóvá tételéhez, de azt alig tanulmányozták eddig, hogy vajon a pedagógusok használhatónak tartják-e a szakirodalom által javasoltakat. Kutatásunkban azt vizsgáltuk, hogy a tanárok miként vélekednek a TARGETS-dimenziók gyakorlati alkalmazásáról, valamint azt, hogy milyen tényezők befolyásolják véleményüket. Mintánk nem reprezentatív (n=12), ugyanakkor igyekeztünk minél heterogénebb mintát összeállítani a következő szempontok alapján: nem, szakmai tapasztalat, szaktárgy, intézménybe járó tanulók szocioökonómiai háttere. Az adatgyűjtés során alkalmazott interjú három egységre tagolható: (1) képzettségre és előzetes tapasztalatokra vonatkozó kérdések, (2) általános nézetek a tanulási motivációról, (3) TARGETS-dimenziók gyakorlati relevanciája. Eredményeink szerint a TARGETS-dimenziókkal összefüggő témakörök többsége megjelenik a kérdezettek osztálytermi gyakorlatában, ugyanakkor az autonómia támogatását ritkán alkalmazzák, főleg tanórán kívüli keretek között látnak lehetőséget a tanulói önállóság erősítésére. A diákok bevonása a feladatok, tevékenységek kiválasztásába a játékokra, szorgalmi feladatokra korlátozódik. A tanulók közötti interakciók ösztönzése ugyancsak ritkán alkalmazott stratégia. A differenciálást a pedagógusok többsége tévesen könnyítésként értelmezi. Az átlagos vagy kedvezőtlen családi háttérrel rendelkező tanulókat oktatók kevésbé érzik, hogy lehetőségük van diákjaik tanulási motivációjának formálására. Eredményeink megerősítik, hogy az oktatott tantárgyak befolyásolhatják a motivációról alkotott tanári nézeteket.
Az Észlelt Tanári Kiégés Kérdőív szerkezetének vizsgálata középiskolás diákok körében
Authors: Jagodics Balázs , Gajdics Janka , Gubics Flórián , Horvát Barbara , Vatai Katalin , Szabó Éva
Published: July 2020

Háttér és célkitűzések: A burnout-szindróma számos módon kapcsolódik az iskolapszichológiai kutatásokhoz. A pedagógusok és a diákok körében egyaránt magas a kiégés aránya, ami súlyos egyéni pszichológiai problémák kialakulásához vezethet. Mindemellett számos kutatási eredmény támasztja alá, hogy a diákok motivációját, viselkedését befolyásolhatja, ha tanáraik viselkedésén észlelik a kiégés tüneteit. Kutatásunk célja egy olyan magyar nyelvű kérdőív létrehozása volt, amely képes mérni, hogy a tanulók mennyire észlelik tanáraikat kiégettnek.Módszer: Magyar kilencedik évfolyamos középiskolás diákokból álló mintán (N = 247, 46,2% lány és 53,8% fiú, átlagéletkor = 15,25 év) ellenőriztük a kérdőív szerkezetét és belső megbízhatóságát, illetve feltártuk az észlelt tanári kiégés kapcsolatát demográfiai és pszichológiai jellegű változókkal (célorientáció, személyes normák).Eredmények: A feltáró- és megerősítő faktorelemzés szerint stabil kétfaktoros struktúra jellemzi a kérdőívet. A tíz item egy „észlelt tanári lelkesedés” és egy „észlelt tanári kiégés” faktorba rendeződik. A Cronbach-alfa mutatók alapján az alskálák, illetve a teljes alskála megbízhatósága is jónak mondható. A nemek közötti összehasonlítás feltárta, hogy a fiúk nagyobb mértékűnek észlelik a pedagógusok kiégését, mint a lányok. Az észlelt tanári kiégés pozitív együttjárást mutatott a negatív osztálytermi viselkedések elfogadásával, míg a pozitív magatartásformákhoz fűződő attitűdökkel és a közelítő-elsajátító motivációval negatív összefüggést találtunk. A hierarchikus regresszióelemzés szerint a célorientációs dimenziókkal együtt az észlelt tanári kiégés képes a pozitív és a negatív viselkedésekhez fűződő személyes normák varianciájának magyarázatára.Következtetések: A statisztikai elemzések alapján létrehozott észlelt tanári kiégés kérdőív alkalmas arra, hogy kutatásokban és a gyakorlatban egyaránt alkalmazva segítse az egyéni és osztályszintű különbségek feltárását a tanári viselkedés diákok általi megítélésében.
Aberturas e atravessamentos
Authors: Amaral Maria Elisa Martins Campos
Published: July 2020

O sentido da abertura e do atravessamento vem explicitar nesse artigo o potencial de muitas manifestações artísticas ativadas nos espaços públicos, nos conduzirem a interações multidisciplinares e contaminações com a cidade e o espaço social, através de ruídos e provocações diversificadas. Três iniciativas de artistas de Belo Horizonte, uma em forma de edital aberto em três versões consecutivas a coletivos e artistas individuais, auxiliam essa reflexão, buscando apontar a diversidade de possibilidades, ferramentas e condutas artísticas que se apropriam de circunstâncias rotineiras e por vezes banais, para mergulharem de forma contundente, poética e crítica, no cotidiano das cidades. O Caso Vecana, elaborado pelo Coletivo Marimbondo, algumas das experiências encampadas pelo artista Paulo Nazareth e o projeto Muros: Territórios Compartilhados, são os estudos de caso apresentados e é dentro desse breve conjunto que se propõe questionar fronteiras geopolíticas e artísticas que, na atualidade se encontram visivelmente borradas.
Máscara e mascaramentos femininos
Authors: Piizzi Paola , De Paula Eduardo , Chiamulera Márcia
Published: July 2020

Partindo dos grafites rupestres encontrados em uma gruta do deserto do Tassili n’Ajjer (Saara), considerado um exemplo de mascaramento estético feminino, será traçado um percurso histórico crítico que pretende percorrer as diferentes tipologias de mascaramento presentes nas diversas partes e culturas do mundo. Das máscaras funerárias às máscaras utilizadas para adquirir poder e qualidade de forças sobrenaturais, da tatuagem à escarificação e deformação estética, para então debruçar-se de modo particular sobre o mascaramento feminino. Este último tem um papel de extrema importância, por exemplo, para os ritos de iniciação das adolescentes ao status de mulheres nas tribos dos Mende, Terrine e Sherbro, que habitam as fronteiras entre Serra Leoa e a Libéria; ou nos casos das mulheres islâmicas que utilizam o véu (haïk na tradição argelina, chador no Irã, burqa no subcontinente indiano). Será, enfim, analisada a fundamental contribuição, no âmbito teatral e artístico, de Jacques Lecoq, Amleto Sartori e Donato Sartori graças a invenção da máscara neutra.
Partendo dai graffiti rupestri rinvenuti in una grotta del deserto del Tassili n’Ajjer (Sahara), dove è presente un chiaro esempio di mascheramento estetico femminile, verrà tracciato un percorso storico-critico che vuole ripercorrere le differenti tipologie di mascheramento presenti nelle diverse parti e culture del mondo. Dalle maschere funerarie alle maschere utilizzate per acquisire potere e qualità di forze soprannaturali, dal tatuaggio alla sacrificazione e deformazione estetica, per poi soffermarsi in particolar modo sul mascheramento femminile. Quest’ultimo ha un ruolo di estrema importanza, ad esempio, per i riti d’iniziazione delle adolescenti allo status di donne nelle tribù dei Mende, Terrine e Sherbro, che abitano il confine tra Sierra Leone e la Liberia; oppure nel caso del delle donne islamiche che utilizzano il velo (haik nella tradizione algerina, chador in Iran, burqa nel subcontinente indiano…). Verrà infine analizzato il fondamentale contributo, in ambito teatrale ed artistico, apportato da Jacques Lecoq, Amleto Sartori e Donato Sartori grazie all’invenzione della maschera neutra.
Enade 2011
Authors: Da Silveira Borne Leonardo
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho tem como foco as questões específicas da área de música do Enade de 2011, e busca responder as seguintes perguntas: como se organizam as perguntas do conteúdo específico no Enade para os cursos de licenciatura música? Qual a sua relação com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) da área? A metodologia de trabalho adotada segue a perspectiva da análise documental, buscando tendências no conteúdo das questões do Enade, seguindo categorias emergidas das DCNs, a política de avaliação vigente, assim como dos dados em si. Os resultados obtidos mostram, essencialmente, que: a) a maioria das questões podem ser respondidas por licenciandos e não por bacharéis em música; b) a predominância de perguntas dos eixos “conteúdos básicos” e “conteúdos específicos”, presentes nas DCNs de Música, e em proporção idêntica; c) a predominância de itens que são baseados em conhecimentos do tipo analítico, vinculados ao saber musical teórico; d) a existência de vieses em parte das questões, focando em contextos musicais, sociais ou tecnológicos específicos. Os resultados apontam que o Enade 2011 é um teste escrito baseado no conhecimento registrado de maneira verbal ou na partitura, o que não está acorde com as próprias diretrizes em que se baseiam a construção curricular, que se centram em competências, ou ainda com a própria natureza da música, que é sonora e etérea.
Parâmetros biofísicos e índices de extremos de temperatura do ar na transição Cerrado-Amazônia
Authors: Sabino Marlus , Silva Jonh Billy da , Costa Rayanna de Oliveira , Duarte Leilane Gomes , Souza Adilson Pacheco de
Published: July 2020

Analisou-se as mudanças de parâmetros biofísicos e tendências de índices de extremos anuais da temperatura do ar na região de Sinop, Mato Grosso, considerando estações meteorológicas automáticas (EMA) instaladas em área urbana e rural. As estimativas das mudanças no uso do solo, albedo da superfície, saldo de radiação (Rn) e fluxos de calor sensível (H) e calor latente (LE) foram obtidas por imagens dos satélites Landsat 8 e Landsat 5, no mês de agosto dos anos de 2007, 2011 e 2017. Com o software Rclimdex, foram calculadas as tendências de seis índices de extremos dos valores máximos, mínimos e médios das temperaturas máximas e mínimas anuais, com calibração pelo método dos mínimos quadrados e significâncias estatísticas consideradas pelo teste de Fisher com nível de significancia igual a α: 0,05. Foram observadas mudanças no uso e ocupação solo e dos parâmetros biofísicos com aumento do albedo e redução do Rn para EMA na área rural, enquanto na estação urbana (UFMT Sinop) observou-se a inversão das parcelas de LE e H. Os índices de extremos indicaram tendência no aumento das temperaturas extremas na área urbana, sendo significativas as mudanças nos índices TNx, DTR, Tn90p e Tx90p. Na última década, com a expansão do município de Sinop-MT, ocorreram alterações nas tendências dos índices de extremos de temperatura, sendo estas, serem atribuídas as mudanças no uso do solo e parâmetros biofísico.
Semiotics: The Connotatives Signified (Myth) on Several News Headlines About Terror Cases Indicating Islamophobia
Authors: Panji Artha Nur Restia
Published: July 2020

In the last couple of years the increasing cases of violence and terror appears to be the most common headlines in the media around the world.  Media platforms seem to use the news of violence and terror as their strategy to attract readers, in which some news appears to be provocative. The terms used in the media also tend to be exaggerative, which mostly beyond the actual context of the cases. Moreover, the media platforms appears to be trapped in Islamophobia attitude, as they tend to use the term ‘terror’ identical to cases of crimes perpetrated only by Muslims. The term ‘terror’ is hardly used in cases of crimes involving non-Muslims, instead the news platform will use such more neutral terms as ‘shooting’ and ‘stabbing.’ This article examines the connotative meaning of the different terminologies used to describe similar cases in the media headline. In the perspective to Critical Discourse Analysis theory, a discourse brought up by news headline is not merely word choices as it expresses more than just linguistic aspect. In fact, it shapes the way the readers portrayed the actual cases, while the terms used in the news headline appear to significantly contribute to the development of certain ideology brought by the media platforms.[Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, meningkatnya kasus kekerasan dan teror menjadi berita utama dan lumrah di media di seluruh dunia. Platform media terlihat menyiarkan berita kekerasan dan teror sebagai strategi mereka untuk menarik khalayak untuk membaca yang mana beberapa berita tersebut cenderung lebih provokatif. Istilah-istilah yang digunakan dalam berita itu juga cenderung berlebihan yang justru berada di luar konteks kasus yang sebenarnya. Selain itu, platform media juga terjebak dalam sikap Islamofobia, dengan cenderung menggunakan istilah ‘teror’ yang identik dengan kasus-kasus kejahatan yang mengarah pada tindakan umat Islam. Istilah ‘teror’ justru jarang digunakan dalam kasus-kasus kejahatan yang melibatkan non-muslim, dan sebaliknya, platform berita itu akan menggunakan istilah yang lebih netral seperti ‘penembakan’ dan ‘penusukan’. Artikel ini mengkaji makna konotatif dari istilah-istilah yang digunakan media platform untuk menyampaikan kasus-kasus tersebut dalam tajuk media. Dalam perspektif teori Analisis Wacana Kritis, sebuah wacana yang diangkat oleh tajuk berita tidak hanya berupa pilihan kata sebab dibalik kata itu terdapat ungkapan yang lebih dari sekedar aspek linguistiknya saja. Bahkan, kata-kata itu turut menbentuk cara pembaca memahami dan menggambarkan kasus-kasus tersebut, padahal istilah-istilah yang digunakan oleh media itu nyatanya memiliki peran penting pada pertumbuhan ideologi tertentu yang dibawa oleh media platform tersebut.]
A produção como variável estética na construção formal do filme "Os Verdes Anos" a partir dos seus materiais
Authors: Cucinotta Caterina , Ramé Lopez Jesús
Published: July 2020

Com este artigo pretende-se abordar a questão da Estética dos Materiais como central na análise da experiência artística própria do cinema. É condição epistemológica que os pressupostos teóricos tenham uma aplicação concreta na análise de filmes. Decidiu-se, portanto, concretizar esta investigação através da análise de uma obra que permitisse perceber claramente as dialéticas provocadas pelos materiais no cinema. As ferramentas e estratégias analíticas aqui utilizadas podem servir para a abordagem de qualquer filme que manifeste as práticas de produção dos departamentos profissionais e que atribua valor de criação à mise-en-scène: o que pode ser definido de cinema artesanal. Os verdes anos (1963), de Paulo Rocha, é o filme escolhido como caso de estudo. O filme abrange toda uma contextualização histórica de um certo modo de pensar o cinema como um “novo cinema”, seja a partir dos seus ofícios, seja a partir das suas formas.
Arte do corpo, arte do duplo: uma dimensão do imaginário em Jean Rouch
Authors: Freire Marcius , Lourdou Philippe
Published: July 2020

O cinema etnográfico de Jean Rouch marcou de forma inelutável a história do filme documentário. Suas especificidades mais salientes decorrem tanto das estratégias de mise-en-scène de que lançava mão, quanto do seu modo de inserção junto às pessoas filmadas. Tais procedimentos tinham como efeito a produção de duplos que permitiriam, segundo ele, aceder a uma outra dimensão:  o imaginário. Apoiados em algumas obras fílmicas e escritas do cineasta, refletiremos sobre o seu modo particular de pensar o próprio cinema.
Editorial v7n2
Authors: Cunha Paulo , Sampaio Sofia , Ramos Monteiro Lúcia , Palinhos Jorge , Robert-Gonçalves Mickael
Published: July 2020

Editorial à edição v7n2, pelo Conselho Editorial.
Festival da Libertação Tecnopobre: Sobre CachoeiraDoc
Authors: Rodovalho Gonçalves Beatriz
Published: July 2020

Notas sobre a edição virtual do festival CachoeiraDoc, intitulada "Festival Impossível, Curadoria Provisória", que aconteceu entre 26 de maio e 7 de junho de 2020.
Fazy przetwarzania informacji językowych w nauce obcojęzycznego słownictwa
Authors: Kubiczek Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

In the article I am presenting the course of the process of learning vocabulary activated while teaching a foreign language. The paper takes the models of information processing and input processing as a starting point to describe the phases of vocabulary learning and to implicate the teaching procedures based on the insights in the natural processes of language acquisition. It provides theoretical background referring to the concept of instructed learning understood as the possibility of steering learners’ perception and processing of lexical structures by the teacher, and also examples on how to use this knowledge in the classroom.