bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System
Authors: Maldonado Galdeano Carolina , Cazorla Silvia Inés , Lemme Dumit José María , Vélez Eva , Perdigón Gabriela
Published: January 2019

Background: The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most microbiologically active ecosystems that plays a crucial role in the working of the mucosal immune system (MIS). In this ecosystem, the consumed probiotics stimulate the immune system and induce a network of signals mediated by the whole bacteria or their cell wall structure. This review is aimed at describing the immunological mechanisms of probiotics and their beneficial effects on the host. Summary: Once administered, oral probiotic bacteria interact with the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) or immune cells associated with the lamina propria, through Toll-like receptors, and induce the production of different cytokines or chemokines. Macrophage chemoattractant protein 1, produced by the IECs, sends signals to other immune cells leading to the activation of the MIS, characterized by an increase in immunoglobulin A+ cells of the intestine, bronchus and mammary glands, and the activation of T cells. Specifically, probiotics activate regulatory T cells that release IL-10. Interestingly, probiotics reinforce the intestinal barrier by an increase of the mucins, the tight junction proteins and the Goblet and Paneth cells. Another proposed mechanism of probiotics is the modulation of intestinal microbiota by maintaining the balance and suppressing the growth of potential pathogenic bacteria in the gut. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that long-term probiotics consumption does not affect the intestinal homeostasis. The viability of probiotics is crucial in the interaction with IECs and macrophages favoring, mainly, the innate immune response. Macrophages and Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in this immune response without inducing an inflammatory pattern, just a slight increase in the cellularity of the lamina propria. Besides, as part of the machinery that probiotics activate to protect against different pathogens, an increase in the microbicidal activity of peritoneal and spleen macrophages has been reported. In malnutrition models, such as undernourishment and obesity, probiotic was able to increase the intestinal and systemic immune response. Furthermore, probiotics contribute to recover the histology of both the intestine and the thymus damaged in these conditions. Probiotic bacteria are emerging as a safe and natural strategy for allergy prevention and treatment. Different mechanisms such as the generation of cytokines from activated pro-T-helper type 1, which favor the production of IgG instead of IgE, have been proposed. Key Messages: Probiotic bacteria, their cell walls or probiotic fermented milk have significant effects on the functionality of the mucosal and systemic immune systems through the activation of multiple immune mechanisms.
Lung Metastases in Patients with Well-Differentiated Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: An Appraisal of the Validity of Thoracic Imaging Surveillance
Authors: Daskalakis Kosmas , Tsoli Marina , Srirajaskanthan Raj , Chatzellis Eleftherios , Alexandraki Krystallenia , Angelousi Anna , Pizanias Michail , Randeva Harpal , Kaltsas Gregory , Weickert Martin O.
Published: January 2019

Background/Aims: To evaluate the impact of lung metastases (LM) on overall survival (OS) in well-differentiated (WD) stage IV gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) patients along with developing surveillance strategies for thoracic imaging. Methods: Thirty-four patients with LM, from 3 centres, were identified (22 small intestine/12 pancreatic; 17 grade 1/15 grade 2/2 of unknown grade). For comparison, we used 106 stage IV WD, grade 1 and 2 GEP-NEN patients with metastatic disease confined in the abdomen. Results: LM prevalence was 4.9% (34/692). Eleven patients (32%) presented with synchronous LM whereas 23 (68%) developed metachronous LM at a median of 25 months (range 1–150 months). Patients with metachronous LM had already established liver and/or para-aortic lymph node metastases. Eighteen of 23 patients (78%) with metachronous LM exhibited concomitant progression in the abdomen. Median OS of WD GEP-NEN patients with LM was shorter than for those with stage IV disease without extra-abdominal metastases (56 [95% CI 40.6–71.6] vs. 122.7 [95% CI 70.7–174.8] months; log-rank p = 0.001). Among patients with progressive stage IV disease, the subset of patients with LM exhibited shorter OS (log-rank p = 0.005). LM were also confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for survival in multivariable analysis (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.07–0.45; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: LM, although relatively rare in patients with WD stage IV GEP-NENs, may impact patients’ outcome. The development of metachronous LM is associated with concomitant disease progression in established abdominal metastases in most patients. These patient-related parameters could be utilized for a stratified surveillance approach, mainly reserving thoracic imaging for GEP-NEN patients with progressive disease in the abdomen.
SECONDARY POLLEN PRESENTATION, PSYCHOPHILY AND ANEMOCHORY IN Lagascea mollis Cav. (ASTERACEAE)
Authors: Rao M. Mallikarjuna , Raju Aluri Jacob Solomon
Published: January 2019

Information on pollination ecology and seed dispersal aspects is essential to understand sexual reproduction in Lagascea mollis Cav. The study was aimed at providing details of pollen presentation system, pollination syndrome, pollinators and seed dispersal mode for L. mollis based mostly on field study. Paper chromatography technique was used for recording sugar and amino acid types in the nectar, since they are important to evaluate the pollination syndrome. The study indicated that L. mollis flowers during August-November. The plant produces synflorescences consisting of several capitula. Each capitulum produces a single disc floret. The plant is protandrous, temporally dioecious and exhibits secondary pollen presentation using brush mechanism to prevent autonomous selfing. The floral characteristics such as having synflorescence, narrow tubular corolla, production of sucrose-rich nectar with essential and non-essential amino acids and pollen charactersistics such as having spherical shape, tri-colpate apertures and strongly spinulose exine suggested that the plant is adapted for insect pollination. The plant is principally psychophilous. Other insects also visited the florets opportunistically and acted as supplementary pollinators. Further, thrips used this plant as breeding and feeding sites; their effect mostly geitonogamy. The fruit is an achene, anemochorous and also anthropochorous. Regeneration occurred from seeds and perennial root stock during rainy season.
RECOVERY OF RESIDUAL FOREST ECOSYSTEM AS AN IMPACT OF SELECTIVE LOGGING IN SOUTH PAPUA: AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Murdjoko Agustinus , Marsono Djoko , Sadono Ronggo , Hadisusanto Suwarno
Published: January 2019

Papua has been experiencing heavy logging activity in its forests for decades . However, only several studies focused on the effect of logging in the forest ecosystem. This research was aimed to analyze recovery processes of the forest ecosystem. The research was conducted in the logged tropical rainforest in South Papua using ecological approach which used tree communities as biotic and soil condition as abiotic indicators. Data were collected in the logging area of PT Tunas Timber Lestari located in the tropical rainforest of South Papua. There were five groups of forests used in this research i.e. unlogged, one year post selectively-logged, five years post selectively-logged, ten yearsÂ post selectively-logged and fifteen years post selectively-logged forests. Thirty nested plots were laid on each forest group. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was applied to analyze the understory and upperstory plant communities. Understory and upperstory plant communities formed different patterns due to logging. Plant communities in the ten and fifteen years post-selectively logged forests were not similar to those in the unlogged forest. Soil organic matter (SOM) content in the selectively logged forests was lower than that in the unlogged forest. These occurrences indicated that the selectively logged forests were still recovering and required more than fifteen years to be fully recovered.
ASSESSMENT OF SEEDLING ABUNDANCE, SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF TWO DIPTEROCARP SPECIES IN PEAT SWAMP FORESTS OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Authors: Mohd Din Hazimah Haji , Bakiri Nor Basirah , Sukri Rahayu Sukmaria , Metali Faizah Haji
Published: January 2019

Dryobalanops rappa Becc. and Shorea albida Sym. are Bornean endemics of high conservation value and increasingly threatened by anthropogenic disturbances. In-situ study of seedling abundance and growth performance of these Dipterocarp species was conducted in two selected peat swamp forests of Brunei Darussalam, following a mast fruiting event in Marchâ€“May 2014. Within six 6 x 6 m plots at each forest site, D. rappa seedlings at the Anduki peat swamp forest and S. albida seedlings at the Badas peat swamp forest were measured for abundance at the initial census in September 2014, as well as survival and relative growth rates (RGR) after a period of 5 months, with the final census in February 2015. We found significantly higher seedling abundance for D. rappa (1885 Â± 208) than S. albida (160 Â± 71). Significantly higher percentage survival was recorded for D. rappa seedlings (90.8 Â± 2.2%) in comparison to S. albida seedlings (81.7 Â± 2.2%). S. albida seedlings (0.24 Â± 0.02 mm mm-1 month-1) showed significantly greater RGR in stem diameter than D. rappa seedlings (0.18 Â± 0.02 mm mm-1 month-1), however, there were no significant differences in the RGRs based on seedling height, leaf number and biomass between D. rappa and S. albida seedlings. In terms of seedling abundance and percentage survival, D. rappa seedlings appeared to be more successful in regeneration and may potentially be used for rehabilitation of degraded tropical peat swamps and other forest types. Our results suggested that greater conservation efforts of peat swamps must be made to protect the Bornean endemic plant species, in particular S. albida.
ENZYME ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO TOTAL K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu AND Zn IN THE OIL PALM RHIZOSPHERE OF RIAUâ€™S PEATLANDS, INDONESIA
Authors: Harianti Mimien , Sutandi Atang , Saraswati Rasti , Maswar Maswar , Sabiham Supiandi
Published: January 2019

Enzyme activity can be used as a peat decomposition indicator in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Oil palm plantation management requires fertilization in the rhizosphere to provide nutrients for oil palm growth. The state of total nutrient in the rhizosphere can influence enzyme activity. This research aimed to study enzyme activity in relationship to nutrients in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Using the explorative method in Riauâ€™s tropical peatlands, an oil palm plantation was chosen as a location for the main sites, and a degraded forest as well as a shrubland were chosen as comparison sites. In the oil palm plantation, peat samples were taken from peats adhering to oil palm roots at the peat depths of 0â€’25 and 25â€’50 cm and at distances of 0â€’1, 1â€’2, 2â€’3, and 3â€’4 m from the trees. In the degraded forest and shrub, t samples were taken from selected plant roots at the depths of 0-25 and 25-50 cm. The triplicate peat samples were then composited for an analysis of enzyme activity and total nutrient content. Results showed that enzyme (urease, phosphatase, Î²-glucosidase, and laccase) activity in the oil palm rhizosphere decreased as the distance from trees and the depth of rhizosphere increased. The decline in enzyme activity was caused by a low peat pH and an increased water content as well as organic carbon content. Enzyme activity increased with increasing oil palm age and ash content. Total K and Zn contents showed no correlation with enzyme activities. However, total Ca and Mg contents showed positive correlation only with Î²-glucosidase activity. Total Fe and Cu contents showed significantly negative correlation with enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, Î²-glucosidase, and laccase). Enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of the degraded forest and shrubs were mostly lower than in the oil palm rhizosphere.
СКРИНІНГОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФІТОКОМПОЗИЦІЙ НА ОСНОВІ СУХИХ EКCТPAКТIВ КOЗЛЯТНИКA, ЧОРНИЦІ ЗВИЧАЙНОЇ І ТАУРИНУ З ПОТЕНЦІЙНИМИ ГІПОГЛІКЕМІЧНИМИ ВЛАСТИВОСТЯМИ
Authors: Kurylo Kh. I. , Klishch I. M. , Volska A. S. , Rozhkovskyi Ya. V.
Published: January 2019

Мета роботи. Скринінгові дослідження фітокомпозицій на основі сухих eкcтpaктiв кoзлятникa, чорниці звичайної і таурину з потенційними гіпоглікемічними властивостями

Матеріали і методи. Oб'єкт дocлiджeнь – кoмбiнoвaний зaciб нa ocнoвi сухого екстракту кoзлятникa лiкapcькoгo, чорниці звичайної і таурину, а також його ліпосомальна форма з умовною назвою «Галевіт». Проведено дослідження по визнaчeнню найбільш eфeктивниx за гіпоглікемічною активністю дoз фітокомпозиції на основі козлятника лікарського і її ліпосомальної форми «Галевіт» за допомогою орального тесту толерантності до глюкози у тварин. Гiпoглiкeмiчнy дiю досліджуваних екстрактів oцiнювaли зa здaтнicтю знижyвaти piвeнь глюкoзи нa мaкcимyмi poзвиткy гiпepглiкeмiї пicля нaвaнтaжeння глюкoзoю шляxoм пoбyдoви гpaфiкy глiкeмiчнoї кривої. Кoнцeнтpaцiю глюкoзи в кpoвi визнaчaли зa дoпoмoгoю тecт-cмyжoк, глюкoмeтpoм “Accu-Chek performa”. Кpoв для дocлiджeнь oтpимyвaли з xвocтoвoї вeни щypiв, шляxoм диcтaльнoї peзeкцiї xвocтa.

Результати й обговорення. Скринінгові дослідження гіпоглікемічної активності фітокомпозиції на основі козлятника лікарського та її ліпосомальної форми під умовною назвою «Галевіт» виявили здатність фітозасобів в дозах 50 мг/кг, 75 мг/кг, 100 мг /кг, 125 мг/кг та 150 мг/кг до зниження рівня глікемії в оральному тесті толерантності до глюкози у інтактних білих щурів. Встановлено, що найбільш виразна гіпоглікемічна активність фітокомпозицій виявила себе в дозах 100, 125 і 150 мг/кг і у терміні 30-60 хв після відтворення тесту. Зниження рівня глікемії під впливом досліджуваних фітокомпозицій у ці терміни експерименту було максимальним і набувало статистично значущих відмінностей від значень тварин, яким фітокорекція не проводилась, або проводилась в нижчих дозах – 50 мг/кг та 75 мг/кг. При цьому встановлено, що подальше збільшення дози фітокомпозицій до 125 мг/кг та 150 мг/кг не призводило до статистично значимого додаткового підвищення гіпоглікемічного ефекту фітокомпозицій в оральному тесті толерантності до глюкози. Аналіз результатів досліджень гіпоглікемічної активності досліджуваних фітокомпозицій показав, що фітокомпозиція Галевіт в дозі 100 мг/кг в оральному тесті толерантності до глюкози проявила більш виразну гіпоглікемічну дію, за якою достовірно переважала гіпоглікемічні ефекти фіто композиції на основі козлятника лікарського в дозі 100 мг/кг і референс-фітозасобу Арфа комбі в дозі 150 мг/кг протягом усього терміну експерименту.

Висновки. Встановлено, що в дозі 100 мг/кг фітокомпозиція на основі екстрактів козлятника лікарського, чорниці звичайної і таурину в оральному тесті толерантності до глюкози проявляє найвищу гіпоглікемічну активність. Найбільш виражена гіпоглікемічна дія проявлялась при введені тваринам фітокомпозиції Галевіт.
Data Statements for Natural Language Processing: Toward Mitigating System Bias and Enabling Better Science
Authors: Bender Emily M. , Friedman Batya
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we propose data statements as a design solution and professional practice for natural language processing technologists, in both research and development. Through the adoption and widespread use of data statements, the field can begin to address critical scientific and ethical issues that result from the use of data from certain populations in the development of technology for other populations. We present a form that data statements can take and explore the implications of adopting them as part of regular practice. We argue that data statements will help alleviate issues related to exclusion and bias in language technology, lead to better precision in claims about how natural language processing research can generalize and thus better engineering results, protect companies from public embarrassment, and ultimately lead to language technology that meets its users in their own preferred linguistic style and furthermore does not misrepresent them to others.
Insects found in birds’ nests from Argentina. Furnarius rufus (Gmelin, 1788) (Aves: Furnariidae) and their inquiline birds, the true hosts of Acanthocrios furnarii (Cordero & Vogelsang, 1928) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicidae)
Authors: TURIENZO PAOLA , IORIO OSVALDO DI
Published: January 2019

The nest of Furnarius rufus (Gmelin, 1788) [Aves: Furnariidae] is a domed mud structure, with a partition separating the breeding chamber from the outside. In general each couple builds one nest per year, but each nest is used for one clutch or two consecutive clutches in the same breeding season. Some nests can remain in the field for 2 or 3 years, but some had a longer permanence (up to more than 8 years). Thus the nests are widely used by other vertebrate inquilines. Insects found in nests of F. rufus mentioned in the literature belong to Coleoptera [Chrysomelidae (1 sp.), Histeridae (1 sp.)], Hemiptera [Cimicidae (1 sp.), Reduviidae: Triatominae (1 sp.)], Hymenoptera [Apidae: Meliponinae (1 sp.)], and Diptera [Muscidae (2 spp.)]. A total of 9 orders, 35 families (two unidentified), and 67 species of insects (including 14 identified to genus and 10 undetermined), were found in 251 nests of F. rufus sampled in Argentina (Chaco [6], Córdoba [14], Santa Fe [2], Entre Ríos [7], San Luis [1], La Pampa [12], and Buenos Aires [209]). The most abundant species was one hematophagous insect, Acanthocrios furnarii (Cordero & Vogelsang, 1928) [Hemiptera: Cimicidae], an exclusive parasite on the inquiline birds. Agelaioides badius badius (Vieillot, 1819) [Aves: Icteridae], Sicalis flaveola pelzelni Sclater, 1872 [Aves: Emberizidae], and Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, 1809 [Aves: Troglodytidae] are new hosts of A. furnarii. Progne chalybea (Gmelin, 1789) [Aves: Hirundinidae] was found for the first time infested by A. furnarii inside the nests of F. rufus. The insects in the nests of Furnarius cristatus Burmeister, 1888, and those of P. domesticus, Progne sp., S. f. pelzelni, and T. aedon outside the nests of F. rufus were also investigated. Some ticks (Acarina: Argasidae, Ixodidae) found in the nests of F. rufus and P. domesticus are mentioned.
Thoracic scent efferent system of Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): a review of terminology
Authors: KMENT PETR , VILÍMOVÁ JITKA
Published: January 2019

The terminology used for structures constituing the thoracic scent efferent system is reviewed and discussed, with the emphasis on the Pentatomoidea. The most suitable terms are selected and suggested for a general use, i.e., scent gland system, metathoracic scent apparatus, thoracic scent efferent system, internal scent efferent system, internal orifice, vestibule, vestibular furrows, external scent efferent system, ostiolar plate, metepimeral pseudosuture, ostiole, ostiolar groove, periostiolar depression, vestibular scar, peritreme, supporting projection, median furrow, auricle, spout, (peritremal) groove, (peritremal) ruga, (peritremal) disc, peritremal lobes, terminal lobe, pseudoperitremal structures, pseudoperitreme, evaporatorium, evaporatory channel, gyrification, mycoid microsculpture, mycoid surface, mushroom body, stem, cap, bridge, alveole, trabeculae, peritremal microsculpture, peritremal surface. The traditional terminology describing the external scent efferent system (especially peritreme) in Cydnidae is discussed and reinterpreted. All the suggested terms are illustrated by scanning electron micrographs and an extensive synonymic list is given for most of them.
Taxonomic revision of the genus Paramunida Baba, 1988 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae): a morphological and molecular approach
Authors: CABEZAS PATRICIA , MACPHERSON ENRIQUE , MACHORDOM ANNIE
Published: January 2019

The genus Paramunida belongs to the family Galatheidae, one of the most species rich families among anomuran decapod crustaceans. In spite of the genus has received substantial taxonomic attention, subtle morphological variations observed in numerous samples suggest the existence of undescribed species. The examination of many specimens collected during recent expeditions and morphological and molecular comparisons with previously described species have revelaled the existence of eleven new lineages. All of them are distinguished by subtle and constant morphological differences, which are in agreement with molecular divergences reported for the mitochondrial markers ND1 and 16S rRNA. Here, we describe and illustrate the new species, providing brief redescriptions for the previously known species, and a dichotomous identification key for all species in the genus.
Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from estrildid finches (Aves: Passeriformes: Estrildidae) and louse-flies (Insecta: Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from birds in Senegal, with descriptions of three new species of the genus Brueelia
Authors: SYCHRA OLDŘICH , LITERÁK IVAN , NAJER TOMÁŠ , ČAPEK MIROSLAV , KOUBEK PETR , PROCHÁZKA PETR
Published: January 2019

Descriptions and illustrations are given for three new species of the genus Brueelia Kéler from estrildid finches (Estrildidae) from Senegal. They and their type hosts are: B. fasciata from Amadina fasciata, B. senegala from Lagonosticta senegala and B. cantans from Euodice cantans. Records of three other louse species of the genus Myrsidea Waterston from estrildid finches and records of louse-flies (Hippoboscidae) from birds in Senegal are also given.
Six new species of the brine shrimp Parartemia Sayce 1903 (Crustacea: Anostraca: Artemiina) in Western Australia
Authors: TIMMS BRIAN V.
Published: January 2019

The Australian anostracan fauna is generically depauperate, but species-rich due to radiation within Branchinella and also Parartemia. Most Parartemia, including the six new species, occur in Western Australia, with P. boomeranga sp. nov. in the inner Wheatbelt, P. mouritzi sp. nov. in the eastern Wheatbelt, P. purpurea sp. nov. in the Esperance hinterland, P. veronicae sp. nov. in the Goldfields, P. bicorna sp. nov. in Lake Carey in the northern Goldfields and P. laticaudata sp. nov. in the far north and the Northern Territory. All species use lock and key amplexus meaning that the second antennae of males are highly differentiated and in females the last few thoracomeres are variously modified and the 10th, and especially 11th, thoracopods much reduced. Although many of the new species occur in remote salinas, some are endangered due to anthropogenic salinisation.
Studies on African Agama VIII. A new subspecies of Agama caudospinosa Meek, 1910 (Sauria: Agamidae)
Authors: WAGNER PHILIPP
Published: January 2019

In the course of a recent taxonomic study on East African Agama species it became clear that a population of A. caudospinosa Meek, 1910 from Mt. Kenya is clearly distinct to specimens from the type locality at Lake Elmenteita (both in Kenya). Therefore, a new subspecies is described on the basis of morphological characters. This new subspecies shows a similar colouration in both sexes which is unique in the genus Agama.
A new Central European species of the Daphnia curvirostris complex, Daphnia hrbaceki sp. nov. (Cladocera, Anomopoda, Daphniidae)
Authors: JURAČKA PETR JAN , KOŘÍNEK VLADIMÍR , PETRUSEK ADAM
Published: January 2019

Although systematics of the cladoceran genus Daphnia (Cladocera: Daphniidae) has been intensively investigated for decades using both morphological and genetic approaches, new lineages are being discovered on all continents, including in well-studied regions. Among Holarctic daphnids, Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann, 1887 held an interesting position, sharing some morphological characters of both the D. pulex and D. longispina groups. Recently, additional species of the D. curvirostris complex have been discovered in the Eastern Palaearctic. Here, we describe a new species in this complex from Central Europe, D. hrbaceki sp. nov. It was discovered in small, newly created fishless pools in the Czech Republic, and an additional sample of apparently the same taxon was collected in 1951 in Slovakia. D. hrbaceki is the closest yet known relative of D. curvirostris, but remains genetically divergent from all members of the complex (based on the sequences of three mitochondrial genes: 12S, COI, and ND2). In general, adult females of this species are morphologically very similar to D. curvirostris. Unlike the latter species, D. hrbaceki may develop a specific hump-shaped dorsal outline of the carapace, presumably an inducible defence against invertebrate predators. Juveniles of the new species occasionally form neckteeth, which may also be retained in adult individuals. The species also shows substantial variation in the size of spines in the middle pecten of the postabdominal claw, similarly as in the Japanese member of the species complex, D. tanakai Ishida, Kotov & Taylor, 2006. This variable character of spine size in the postabdominal middle pecten (a transition from the pulex to the longispina group character), as well as a bent and heavily setulated terminal seta on the male 2nd endopodite (considered as the pulex group character), are typical for the new species. D. hrbaceki also differs from D. curvirostris as well as other members of the complex in the ephippial surface ultrastructure. Our study demonstrates the utility of such ultrastructural characters in Daphnia taxonomical studies.
Cryptic species and hybridization in the Anolis polylepis complex, with the description of a new species from the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica (Squamata: Polychrotidae)
Authors: KÖHLER GUNTHER , DEHLING D. MATTHIAS , KÖHLER JOHANNES
Published: January 2019

Based on differences in hemipenial morphology we recognize two species of anoles related to Anolis polylepis: Anolis polylepis (Pacific versant of central and southern Costa Rica and western Panama, excluding the Osa Peninsula) and a species described herein which is restricted to the Osa Peninsula. The two species differ in hemipenial morphology (hemipenis bilobed in A. polylepis versus unilobed in the species from the Osa Peninsula) but show no discernable differences in external morphology (i.e., morphometrics, scalation, coloration, male dewlap). We therefore consider them to be cryptic species. At the neck of the Osa Peninsula where the ranges of the two species meet we detected a narrow (about 1 km wide) hybridization zone in which only individuals with an intermediate hemipenial morphology occur.
Sugaentulus andrzeji sp. nov. from Siberia, Russia (Protura: Acerentomidae: Acerentominae) and key to Acerentominae genera
Authors: SHRUBOVYCH JULIA , RUSEK JOSEF
Published: January 2019

Sugaentulus andrzeji sp. nov. is described from Siberia. The new species is characterized by the peculiar shape of maxillary gland and striate band and leaf-like sensilla on maxillary palps. The related S. masumii differs from the new species by the broader calyx with distinct extra appendix and slender sensilla on maxillary palps. Postembryonic development of chaetotaxy and porotaxy also is described.
Generic redefinition, key and two new species of Acorystus Townes (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae)
Authors: SCHERRER MARCUS V. , SANTOS BERNARDO F. , AGUIAR ALEXANDRE P.
Published: January 2019

The taxonomic limits of Acorystus are reviewed. The genus is characterized by a body surface shiny and mostly impunctate, supra-antennal area with a conical horn, epomia and posterior transverse carina of propodeum entirely absent, ovipositor tip very slender, without nodus and with very weak teeth. Two new taxa, A. albicornis Scherrer et Santos, sp. nov., and A.circumflexus Scherrer et Santos, sp. nov., are described and illustrated. Acorystus albicornis is diagnosed mainly by the white band of the female flagellum covering only about five flagellomeres, supra-antennal area with a white central horn, with a very weak and slightly rugose longitudinal swelling, orbital band reaching supra-clypeal and supra-antennal areas, propodeum with anterior transverse carina almost straight, and pleural carina very weak, with short transverse wrinkles. It is recorded from two close localities at Espírito Santo State (19º57’55”S 40º32’25”W and 20º16’21”S 40º28’40”W), in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil. Acorystus circumflexus is diagnosed mainly by the white band of the female flagellum covering about fifteen flagellomeres, supra-antennal area with a black central horn, with a strong and rugose longitudinal swelling, orbital band absent, propodeum with anterior transverse carina centrally arched forwards, and pleural carina entirely absent. It is recorded only from Caxiuanã (2º4’54”S 51º51’5”), Eastern Amazon Basin. A key to all three known species of the genus is provided.
The Stegana (Steganina) biprotrusa species group from the Oriental Region (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: WU LIANG , GAO JIAN-JUN , CHEN HONG-WEI
Published: January 2019

A new species group, the biprotrusa group, is established within the subgenus Steganina of the genus Stegana, based on the development of the bifurcated plate articulating to the aedeagus and separated from the hypandrium. The group includes two known and four new species, all of which are endemic to the Oriental Region: S. (S.) angulata Chen & Chen, S. (S.) biprotrusa Chen & Aotsuka, S. (S.) acantha sp. nov., S. (S.) ancistrophylla sp. nov., S. (S.) langufoliacea sp. nov. and S. (S.) otocondyloda sp. nov. A key to all species of the group is provided.
Taxonomy of the Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) in Colombia
Authors: PINTO ROBERTA RICHARD , PASSOS PAULO , PORTILLA JOSÉ RANCES CAICEDO , ARREDONDO JUAN CAMILO , FERNANDES RONALDO
Published: January 2019

Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini are endemic to the New World, occurring from the United States to Argentina, mostly in the Neotropical region. Currently, the taxonomic status of most species is unclear and there has been no previous attempt of a comprehensive taxonomic revision of Neotropical taxa. Taxonomy of the group is a difficult task due to the paucity of geographic samples, general homogeneous morphology and brevity of species descriptions. Therefore, the only way to address the taxonomic status of existing names is through detailed characterization of the types and the search for additional material of the poorly known species. In this study, we evaluated the taxonomic status of the Colombian threadsnakes and report on geographical variation of meristic, morphometric, colour pattern, and hemipenis characters. On the basis of available samples we recognize the following species in Colombia: Epictia goudotii, E. magnamaculata, E. signata, Rena nicefori, Tricheilostoma brevissimum, T. dugandi, T. joshuai and T. macrolepis. We discuss the systematic position of Rena nicefori and propose its allocation in the genus Tricheilostoma based on a unique combination of morphological characters. Furthermore, we provide a key to the representatives of the tribe Epictini in Colombia.
Endemic climbing cavy Kerodon acrobata (Rodentia: Caviidae: Hydrochoerinae) from dry forest patches in the Cerrado domain: new data on distribution, natural history, and morphology
Authors: BEZERRA ALEXANDRA M. R. , BONVICINO CIBELE R. , MENEZES ALBERT A. N. , MARINHO-FILHO JADER
Published: January 2019

The distribution, natural history, and morphology of Kerodon acrobata were updated based on nine new collected specimens totalling 14 known specimens. Two new localities were added to the distribution range of this species. Data on habitat use indicated that the presence of this rodent is associated to the cerrado sensu stricto and seasonally dry tropical forest patches in the northeastern Cerrado domain. Analyses of these specimens increased the range of body size and craniodental measurements for K. acrobata. We also describe, for the first time, phallic morphology of K. acrobata which exhibits a subcylindral glans penis and a simple baculum. High hunting activity and continuous loss of its natural habitat are factors that can be negatively affecting its populations. Habitat replacement poses a likely risk the present diversity at seasonally dry tropical forest enclaves of the northeastern Cerrado domain.
Catalogue of Blattaria (Insecta) from Argentina
Authors: CRESPO FRANCISCO ANTONIO , VALVERDE ALEJANDRA DEL CARMEN , IGLESIAS MONICA SANDRA
Published: January 2019

An updated catalogue is given of the cockroach species recorded in Argentina. It includes a list of species, their distribution in the different provinces of the country, the institutions in which the type specimens are deposited, and an updated list of references. The results indicate 87 (plus 2 incertae sedis) species, included in 4 families, 12 subfamilies and 40 currently recognized genera. A few species are widely spread across the country, but 35% (29 + 2 incertae sedis) are only known to occur in Argentina. The biotic affinities of the biogeographic provinces were studied. The data analysis corresponds with the major areas of influence: the Neotropical and Andean regions. A parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) was performed. The Parana Forest, Pampa and Chaco biogeographic provinces are supported by numerous endemic species. The families Blaberidae, Blattellidae and Phyllodromiidae include 90% of the species. The cockroach fauna from Argentina is still poorly known and the number of species undoubtedly is higher. The primary homonym of Chorisoneura minuta Rocha e Silva & Aguiar, 1977 was replaced with Chorisoneura rochaesilvae nom. n.
Two new species of Paratanytarsus (Diptera: Chironomidae) from southeast of Brazil
Authors: TRIVINHO-STRIXINO SUSANA
Published: January 2019

The adults and immature stages of Paratanytarsus corbii sp. n. and the male adult of Paratanytarsus silentii sp. n. are described and illustrated. P. corbii larvae were collected on sediment and aquatic vegetation of the headwater of the Anhumas Reservoir (Américo Brasiliense, SP) and reared in laboratory to obtain the pupal exuviae and associated adults. The adult males of P. silentii were obtained from Malaise net put over the Córrego do Silêncio located in Parque Estadual do Jaraguá (São Paulo, SP). The shape of the anal point and the absence of anal point crests are the main characteristics that distinguish P. corbii and P. silentii males from the majority species of the genus. The arrangement of spines on tergites III–V separates the pupae of P. corbii from other species. The length of pedicels and the pecten epipharyngis design are diagnostic for the larvae of P. corbii.
Five new species of predaceous cheyletid mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Cheyletidae)
Authors: BOCHKOV ANDRE V. , OTTO JURGEN C.
Published: January 2019

Five new species and 1 new genus of predaceous cheyletid mites (Acari: Cheyletidae) are described. Oconnoricheylus gen. nov. (type species O. speciosus sp. nov.) differs from Alliea in both sexes by the presence of 4 setae on tibia II and in males by the palpal claws possessing  elongated projections, an apically slightly serrate eupathidium ul’ and comb-like eupathidia acm and sul. Oconnoricheylus speciosus sp. nov. (from oranges, USA) differs from O. chimaera (Bochkov & Ochoa) comb. nov. (transferred from Alliea) by the presence of 2 filiform setae on tibia II, the distinct ornamentation of the dorsal shields, and by the absence of angles on the leg tarsal claws. Cheletomimus crowei sp. nov. (from avocado, New Zealand) differs from C. filipina Corpuz-Raros and C. notelaeae Gerson by smooth filiform setae dF of the palpal femur, smooth idiosomal setae c2, the presence of setae ps3, setae se located off the propodonotal plate, bases of setae e1 located almost at the same level with bases of e2, and by the propodonotal shield in the shape of an inverted trapezium. Chelacheles thomasi sp. nov. (from oranges, Australia) differs from C. stigmaeoides Barilo by the absence of setae c4,  short and serrate rod-like setae c2 (about 40 long), and by the presence of 2 setae on femur III. Chelacheles indra sp. nov. (from beetles Sinoxylon crassum, India) differs from C. baiwanganae Corpuz-Raros by the absence of setae f1, by setae h1 being slightly shorter than other hysteronotal setae. Bak indonesiensis sp. nov. (from undetermined beetle, Indonesia) differs from B. elongatus Patxot & Goff and B. faini Corpuz-Raros by the presence of 1 seta (l’) on genu III, the slightly clavate dorsal setae of the idiosoma, setae e1 being subequal in shape and sizes to their anterior hysteronotal setae, and by the presence of a pair of distinct lateral teeth on the rostral shield.
Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae), with the description of a new species from China
Authors: XIE LIXIA , YANG MAOFA
Published: January 2019

A new species, Damaeus (Tectodamaeus) cordatus sp. nov. is described and two new combinations, Damaeus (Tectodamaeus) longus Xie & Yang comb. nov. and Damaeus (Tectodamaeus) daliensis Xie & Yang, comb. nov. are provided. Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus and a key to all known species are also given, along with summaries of their geographical distributions.
Inti (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) a peculiar new genus from tropical America
Authors: HANSSON CHRISTER
Published: January 2019

Inti gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Entedoninae), is described from Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic, and includes one new species, I. levis sp. nov. The new genus is characterized by four autapomorphies, and the possession of an additional 14 synapomorphies. Inti is compared to the Australian genus Horismenoides Girault with which it shares the most apomorphies, indicating a possible sister-group relationship. The relationship of Inti to the tribe Euderomphalini and to other groups in the subfamily is discussed briefly.
The first earthworm collections from Nicaragua with description of two new species (Oligochaeta)
Authors: SHERLOCK EMMA , LEE STEWART , MCPHEE SALLY , STEER MARK , MAES JEAN MICHEL , CSUZDI CSABA
Published: January 2019

In August 2009 the Natural History Museum London, Hungarian Natural History Museum and Systematic Zoology Research group, Entomological Museum in Leon and The Society for Environmental Exploration, mounted the first earthworm collection expedition to Nicaragua. No native earthworm species had previously been recorded for this country. This paper lists 18 new species records for the Country with the description of two new taxa to science: Eutrigaster (Graffia) azul sp. n. and Eutrigaster (Graffia) nicaraoi sp. n. New data on the species Eutrigaster (Eutrigaster) oraedivitis Cognetti, 1904 is also presented here.
Redescriptions of two incompletely described species of mole cricket genus Gryllotalpa (Grylloidea; Gryllotalpidae; Gryllotalpinae) from China with description of two new species and a key to the known Chinese species
Authors: MA LIBIN , ZHANG YALIN
Published: January 2019

Gryllotalpa jinxiuensis You et Li, 1990 and Gryllotalpa henana Cai et Niu, 1998, which were incompletely described, are redescribed and illustrated here based on a fuller character set of tegmen veins, stridulatory file and genitalia. Two new species of Gryllotalpa from Henan and Zhejiang, China are also described.
Re-description and biology of Parastethynium maxwelli (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Zophiuma lobulata (Hemiptera: Lophopidae), and description of a new species of Parastethynium from Indonesia
Authors: HUBER JOHN T. , GITAU CATHERINE W. , GURR GEOFF M. , DEWHURST CHARLES F. , FLETCHER MURRAY J.
Published: January 2019

Both sexes of Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), a parasitoid of Zophiuma lobulata Ghauri eggs on coconut and oil palm in Papua New Guinea, are described and illustrated. The second known species in the genus Parastethynium, P. hirsutum Huber sp. n., from Indonesia (Sulawesi) is also described. The latter represents the first record from the Oriental region. The basic biology of P. maxwelli is presented. Mean progeny produced per female was 57 with a female proportion of 0.59. Mean egg to adult development time was 11 days, at 24.5 o C−29.7 o C and 72−93% relative humidity. Survival time of females and males fed on honey and water was longer compared to males and differed significantly with those provided with water only or nothing at all.
A review of Ophthalmitis Fletcher, 1979 in China, with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae)
Authors: JIANG NAN , XUE DAYONG , HAN HONGXIANG
Published: January 2019

The genus Ophthalmitis Oberthür in China is reviewed and four new species are described: O. dissita sp. nov., O. longiprocessa sp. nov., O. brevispina sp. nov., and O. tumefacta sp. nov. Two subspecies of O. albosignaria -- O. albosignaria juglandaria and O. albosignaria isophnia -are newly synonymized with the nominate subspecies. A key is provided to the Chinese Ophthalmitis and diagnoses for Chinese species. Illustrations of external features and genitalia are presented.
The identity of the frog fly Caiusa coomani Séguy, 1948 (Diptera, Calliphoridae)
Authors: ROGNES KNUT
Published: January 2019

The type material of the nominal species Caiusa coomani Séguy, 1948 (Diptera, Calliphoridae), now placed in Phumosia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, has been examined and a lectotype designated to fix the interpretation of the name. In Hong Kong the larval stages of the species is a predator on the egg masses in foam nests of the brown tree frog Polypedates megacephalus Hallowell, 1861 (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Phumosia coomani is known from China, Japan and Vietnam. Discrepancies between the figured genitalia and the external features in Chinese reference works are pointed out.
Heleocoris (Heteroptera: Naucoridae: Laccocorinae) of Thailand, with description of a new species
Authors: SITES ROBERT W. , VITHEEPRADIT AKEKAWAT
Published: January 2019

The genus Heleocoris in Indochina has languished for more than a century with no substantial history of taxonomic, biological, or ecological research since the original descriptions of the species, despite its abundance and ubiquity in streams throughout the region. This is largely because of the inability to assign specific identities to these insects and the need for taxonomic revision. Presented here is a comprehensive treatment on the taxonomy and faunistics of the four species now known to occur in Thailand, including the description of Heleocoris mcphersoni, n. sp. Diagnostic information, records from Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries, ecological notes, habitus photographs, and a taxonomic key to identify the four species are presented.
Catalogue of Naidinae and Pristininae (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Naididae) with twenty species new for Montenegro
Authors: ŠUNDIĆ DANIJELA , RADUJKOVIĆ BRANKO M. , KRPO-ĆETKOVIĆ JASMINA
Published: January 2019

The Oligochaeta occurring in Montenegrin freshwaters were studied in order to contribute to a better knowledge of this group in the region. The oligochaetes from rivers, lakes, reservoirs, creeks, and springs, belonging to the Black Sea and the Adriatic Sea drainage basins, were investigated. Samples of sediments were taken from 54 sampling sites during three years of research (2005–2008). We confirmed the presence of formerly reported species and found 20 species new for the Montenegrin oligochaete fauna: Chaetogaster cristallinus, C. diaphanus, C. langi, C. setosus, Nais behningi, N. bretscheri, N. elinguis, N. simplex, N. stolci, Ophidonais serpentina, Paranais frici, P. litoralis, Piguetiella blanci, Pristina bilobata, P. jenkinae, P. longiseta, P. osborni, P. proboscidea, Slavina appendiculata, and Uncinais uncinata. Accordingly, the fauna of Naidinae and Pristininae in Montenegro now consists of 36 species.
Pele ramseyi, a new genus and new species of anchialine swimming crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) from the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: NG PETER K. L.
Published: January 2019

A new genus and new species of anchialine portunid crab is described from lava pools in Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Pele ramseyi new genus, new species, resembles species of Libystes A. Milne-Edwards, 1867, but differs markedly in its reduced and almost immovable eyes, as well as the distinctive structures of the mouthparts, chelipeds, male abdomen and gonopods.
Descriptions of five new species in the genus Metriaclima (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Malaŵi, Africa
Authors: CICCOTTO PATRICK J. , KONINGS ADRIANUS , STAUFFER, JR. JAY R.
Published: January 2019

Five new species of rock-dwelling cichlids from Lake Malaŵi are described. All five species phenotypically resemble Metriaclima aurora based on the absence of a black band in the dorsal fin and occupying the rock-sand interface of the lake. Differences in overall shape, meristics, and coloration distinguish these new species from each other and from previously described species within this group. The new species Metriaclima glaucos, M. mossambicus, M. nkhunguensis, and M. xanthos originate from the Mozambique coast of the lake, while M. sciasma is restricted to Tanzanian waters.
Four new water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) from Russia
Authors: TUZOVSKIJ PETR V.
Published: January 2019

Four new water mite species in the genus Atractides are described: A. yaroslavlensis sp. n. (male, female and larva) and A. ildicus sp. n. (female) from streams in the Yaroslavl Province, and A. komarovkaensis (female) and A. primoryensis (female) from the Primory Territory of Russia are presented.
Notes on the leafhopper genus Angustella Li (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae), with descriptions of four new species from China
Authors: LI YU-JIAN , LI ZI-ZHONG
Published: January 2019

The paper deals with ten species of the genus Angustella Li, 1986 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae), including four new species, Angustella panxianensis sp. nov., Angustella albida sp. nov., Angustella jinghongensis sp. nov. and Angustella nigrimargina sp. nov.
A name for the nurse-frog (Allobates, Aromobatidae) of Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Eastern Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: SIMÕES PEDRO IVO , ROJAS DIANA , LIMA ALBERTINA P.
Published: January 2019

We describe a new species of nurse-frog (Aromobatidae, Allobates) from Floresta Nacional de Carajás, southeastern Brazilian Amazonia. Allobates carajas sp. nov. is distinguished from similar congeneric species by the combination of the following characters: body-size range (snout-to-vent length 16.5–19.1 mm), dorsal color pattern with a dark brown hourglass-shaped mark, by the absence of a pale dorsolateral stripe and presence of a pale ventrolateral stripe, absence of a pale paracloacal mark, by overall bright yellow ventral colors of live male and female specimens, and by the posterior labium of tadpoles, with a single row of pyramidal papillae medially. The advertisement call of the new species is highly variable, with four possible temporal arrangements of notes (continuous emission of notes separated by regular silent intervals, continuous emission of notes separated by irregular silent intervals, emission of discrete note trills, and sporadic emission of single notes). Duration of notes range between 0.020–0.060 s, and the dominant frequency of notes range from 4.75 to 5.38 kHz. The new species is currently known only from forested habitats within Floresta Nacional de Carajás.
Anacroneuria iporanga (Plecoptera: Perlidae): description of the nymph and biological notes
Authors: DE ALMEIDA LUCAS HENRIQUE , CARDOSO-LEITE RICARDO , DEODATO MARIANA FONTE BOA , BISPO PITÁGORAS DA CONCEIÇÃO
Published: January 2019

The Neotropical stonefly genus Anacroneuria (Perlidae) is represented by approximately 80 species in Brazil, but the nymphs of only 11 of these species have been associated and described. In this paper, we describe the previously unknown nymph of A. iporanga from Intervales State Park, São Paulo State, Brazil and present biological observations for this species