bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite Impulse Response Filter Growth and Applications
Authors: Prameela Jyothi R. , Sangeet Kumar K. , Singh Mahesh K.
Published: November 2022

A “Finite Impulse Response (FIR)” filter’s impulse response has a finite period. Higher order FIR filter is used in numerous “Digital Signal Processing (DSP)” applications to attain accurate frequency specifications. With increasing filter length, there is a linear increase in the number of additions and multiplications, increasing computing complexity. This paper discusses a variety of FIR filter implementation techniques. The FIR filters are used to reduce the number of arithmetic operations required for inner product calculations is a predetermined number, whilst the “look up table (LUT)” design stores the pre-computed result to keep things simple. Filters are commonly used in a variety of applications; the end goal of using a filter is to create a form of frequency selectivity on the spectrum of the incoming signal. Any DSP subsystem’s FIR filter is regarded as one of the most important components. The major purpose of this project is to briefly examine numerous design strategies in order to aid future development.
Residue and Quadratic Residue Number System Based on Converters
Authors: Sainath B.V.V.D , Sangeet Kumar K. , Rama Naidu G.
Published: November 2022

The quick growth of easy communication technologies concluded the last several decades has led in the establishment of strict standards for the functioning of productive systems. The system execution is improved by reducing computation time with the “Residue Number System (RNS)”. It is extensively castoff in “signal processing” “numeral analysis”, and “cryptoanalysis”, and an exact graph-based technique for designing perfect converters from binary framework to RNS to “Quadratic RNS (QRNS)” as well as, on the other hand, employing complete adder as the primary building blocks are shown. The measured adder is a critical component of the RNS system. In this work, it tries to summarized possible prospect of converters by using RNS adder and QRNS adders.
Challenges and Issues of Load Balancing Algorithms in Cloud System
Authors: Priya M. T. , Bala Srinivas P. , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: November 2022

In this paper study for users have unquestionably profited from the rapidly changing paradigm of cloud computing. It employs virtual machines instead of actual equipment to host, store, and network multiple components, and it charges per use. As the amount of data being stored grows, so does the importance of load balancing as a research area. One of the most difficult problems in cloud computing is distributing the ever-changing burden among the nodes in an efficient manner known as load balancing. There are numerous load balancing methods in use today that considerably improve the efficiency and management of resources. We use cloud analyst as a simulator in this article to compare techniques with a single broker policy that helped boost cloud and related application performance.
Comparative Analysis of Different Topologies of Vienna Rectifier
Authors: Nishant Kumar , Prabha Rani K. , Murthy K. V. S. R.
Published: November 2022

This paper provides a comparative evaluation of different topologies of Vienna rectifiers. Vienna rectifier is used for AC-DC conversion and has a reduced number of switches. The PWM-based control mechanism of the rectifier reduces the losses of the capacitor and provides better efficiency. There is a different type of topologies for Vienna rectifiers and this paper evaluates different topologies. Three-phase converters are available in a number of different topologies. The major advantage of a three-level power electronic converter is the reduction in the number of switches required, as well as the reduction in overall harmonic distortion, voltage stress, and AC side voltage ripple. The Vienna rectifier is one of the most effective devices for unidirectional power flow and boosts type power factor correction (PFC) circuits. The Vienna rectifier is modular in design, but its space and weight are restricted.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Models for Automated Stock Trading
Authors: Singh Sarthak , Goyal Vedank , Goel Sarthak , Taneja H.C.
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes an automated trading strategy using reinforcement learning. The stock market has become one of the largest financial institutions. These institutions embrace machine learning solutions based on artificial intelligence for market monitoring, credit quality, fraud detection, and many other areas. We desire to provide an efficient and effective solution that would overcome the manual trading drawbacks by building a Trading Bot. In this paper, we will propose a stock trading strategy that uses reinforcement learning algorithms to maximize the profit. The strategy employs three actor critic models: Advanced Actor Critic(A2C), Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3) and Soft Actor Critic (SAC). Our strategy picks the most optimal model based on the current market situation. The performance of our trading bot is evaluated and compared with Markowitz portfolio theory.
Finite Element Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Multiple Biocompatible Titanium Alloys for Hip Prosthesis
Authors: Joshi Tanuj , Sharma Ravikant , Mittal Vinod , Gupta Vikas
Published: November 2022

In present work, the performance of different material combinations under the peak load is analyzed using finite element code. A liner isotropic titanium implant materials and PMMA materials are utilized for an implant and bone cement respectively. However, cortical and cancellous bone are treated as non-isotropic in nature. The main objective of this work is to discover the best-suited implant material for hip replacement. Stress, strain and deformation are some of the essential parameters, to check their functionality and biomechanical performance. Finite element study demonstrates that Ti-6Al-7Nb demonstrate bet-ter results, i.e., minimum stress, deformation, and strain as compared to other material combinations. However, Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta demonstrates approximately similar results as shown by Ti-6Al-7Nb. The final simulated out-comes show that Ti-6Al-7Nb material is the most suitable biocompatible material for implantation due to its lower modulus and high compatibility with the bone.
Deduction of Edge Signs in Bitcoin Alpha Social Network Modelled as a Signed Graph
Authors: Babbar Jannat Kaur , Jindal Keshav , Jain Parigya , Payal
Published: November 2022

Signed graphs have a wide array of applications in the social networking domain as the industry and platforms highly rely on forming trust links between users so as to smooth out the process of interacting virtually. Signed graphs facilitate this process by providing a mode of representing such networks as graphs that have edges with a positive/negative sign that help in defining the nature of relationship between the nodes(that can represent the users of the platform or any respective representatives of the platform) of the graph. In this paper we have dealt with the platform of bitcoin alpha that is now coming into notice due to cryptocurrency’s rising popularity. Trading online can be risky and thus the entire platform is functional on the principle of trust/distrust between such anonymous users. We have attempted to formulate the social network of bitcoin alpha platform into a signed graph and predict the links to establish trust/distrust between any two users in the entire graph using concepts of balanced and unbalanced graph theories, and fairness and goodness measures of vertices. Fairness of a user denotes how reliable the rating given by that particular user to others is, whereas goodness measures how likeable or trustworthy a particular user of the website is. Using these metrics, we have attempted to solve this problem.
Role of IoT in Intelligent Agriculture Network System
Authors: Ramadevi G. , Ajay Sankar G. , Singh M. K.
Published: November 2022

Using an IoT system in precision agriculture removes the need for direct spraying by people, which is the focus of this study. When it comes to better managing agricultural needs, the Internet of Things plays a significant role. Currently, insecticides and fertilizers are sprayed by hand, endangering the nervous system of the sprayer and resulting in countless deaths. Farming in today’s world is hampered by a lack of trained labor and rapidly shifting environmental circumstances. Traditional farming methods need to be rethought in order to keep pace with today’s agricultural needs. Agriculture automation is therefore necessary, and this can be done via Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of Things (IoT).
Dispatching Rule-Based Single Machine Static Scheduling of Crankcase Covers
Authors: Chawla Sumit , Singari Ranganath M.
Published: November 2022

The research focuses on the multi-objective single-machine static scheduling problems of motorcycle crankcase cover. To solve these static scheduling problems, dispatching rules are used. Various dispatching rules used in this study are the earliest due date (EDD), shortest processing time (SPT), critical ratio (CR), longest processing time (LPT), weightage shortest processing time (WSPT), cost over time (COVERT), and hodgson’s algorithm. The objective of the paper is to sequence the different crankcase covers and to minimize average flow time, an average hour early, and an average hour past due, etc. This study helps us to obtain optimal job prioritization of two-wheeler crankcase covers in the automobile industry. Results show that shifting the production system from WSPT approach scheduling to the EDD scheduling approach, minimizes the mean flow time by 2.75%, weighted mean flow time by 27.91%, and maximum lateness by 21.87%.
Behavioural Cloning in Autonomous Vehicle
Authors: Kumar Pandey Navneet , Harsh  , Jayant Himanshu , Kumar Narendra , Kumar Vinod
Published: November 2022

People have been thinking about driverless cars since the dawn of automobiles themselves. Infact even in ancient scriptures and epics, autonomous transportation of some kind or other has been mentioned time and again. With time, mankind progressed and once a dream driverless car became reality. With great power comes great responsibility. So without morality in AI, there is nothing good in autonomous vehicles. Here comes the moral machine experiment. In this paper, Deep learning network is used to mimic the human steering behaviour while driving and discussion has been done on ethics involved. The dataset is extracted from Udacity with 8037 images divided into training and testing data with a ratio of 80:20 respectively. Keras has been used with TensorFlow backend as ML framework along with dependencies like numpy, pandas and scikit.
Disruptions in Global Supply Chains due to COVID 19
Authors: Saini Sanjeev , Dhingra Ritik , Pratap Verma Bhanu , Yuvraj N.
Published: November 2022

The recent witnessed pandemic COVID-19 caused severe distress in the Global Supply Chains (GSCs). Worldwide lockdowns, job losses, etc. helped in the creation of this problem. We describe the characteristics that distinguish epidemic outbreaks as a distinct supply chain disruption risk category. It is clearly highlighted that there is lack of visibility of disruptions in GLOBAL SUPPLY Chains and delayed industry response to COVID-19. The COVID-19 outbreak has certainly forced firms to re-evaluate their business strategies. The lead time, the speed of epidemic propagation and the upstream and downstream interruption durations in the supply chain are all significant aspects. This research can be used by decision teams to predict the short-term and long-term impacts of supply chain occurrences and to define pandemic supply chain strategies and tactics. This paper discusses the impact of COVID-19, the effect of lockdown and problems in existing technologies. Possible solutions regarding reducing the effect of pandemic and plans to prepare for the future are also depicted.
Design and Construction of Automatic Fire Fighting Robot with SMS Notification
Authors: Verma Abhimanyu , Yadav Karun , Malik Suhail , Chaudhary Rajiv
Published: November 2022

The report focuses on the development of an automatic and unmanned firefighting robot, which can be used to detect and extinguish fire. Fires can breakout any time in our homes, workplaces, factories or labs and it is of highest importance that we have a system ready to tackle a dangerous accidents like this. The system currently available are smoke detectors which work well but have certain limitations such as not being able to detect small fire or not having enough coverage by the water showers to extinguish the whole fire. The smoke detectors also do not let people know if or where the fire broke out, which can have long term damaging effects due to delayed response. The proposed model in this report can help with controlling fires before they become disastrous. “Automatic firefighting robot with SMS notification” is easily deployable, can be made to work wirelessly, can detect small fires and also lets the user know where the fire broke out. To fulfill the goal of making this firefighting robot, we designed a robot which can detect small fire(simulated with candle) in a closed room(environment). It uses thermal and IR sensors to detect the fire and then moves towards it and sprays water on it from a safe distance. The fire detection and the movement of the robot towards it is controlled by the motherboard which consists of a Arduino Nano processor. The robot also houses a GSM and GPS modules, which send the user a SMS alerting them of a fire along with its location.
Convertible Uni-Bike Based on Inverted Pendulum Model and Prototype Using Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Mishra Rohit Kumar , Rathore Rishabh , Jangid Ritesh Kumar , Samrat
Published: November 2022

This paper explores the methodology used to develop the miniature working concept (prototype) of a Uni-wheel Electric bike (E-bike) convertible to an E-bike where the Uni-wheel works on an inverse pendulum mechanism and the prototype model is manufactured using Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) filament-based additive manufacturing using a Fused Deposition Modelling based 3D printer. Uni-bike, which can be converted into a normal bike as per the convenience of the rider. Because of the growing awareness of pollution and the energy scarcity situation, vehicles and motorbikes are no longer the ideal modes of mobility. As the cost of petroleum products rises, a more cost-effective and efficient form of transportation is required. This miniature prototype might be utilized to create a human-ridable model in the future.
Music Generation Using LSTM and Its Comparison with Traditional Method
Authors: Kumar Arya Piyush , Kukreti Pranshu , Jha Nilabh
Published: November 2022

The term music comes from the Greek translation “mousike” that stands for “the art of muses”. In layman terms, it is a sequential string of sounds that people like for the purpose of entertainment, rejuvenation etc. The intriguing part of this research lies in the ability of a machine to manipulate music. The aim is to use a part of given composition (MIDI File) to generate further music via extrapolation from Long short-term memory (LSTM) which is a which is a neural network used in deep learning an d artificial intelligence, then increasing the efficiency of the model using the relation between training loss and number of epochs and finally comparing our LSTM model to traditional RNN model.
An Analysis of Image Segmentation Methods
Authors: Lakshmi K. T. S. , Anil Kumar R
Published: November 2022

Image segmentation is a crucial stage in image processing because it allows for meaningful image analysis and information extraction. Image segmentation may be done in a variety of ways. This study examines a few of these approaches for grayscale images. MATLAB 8.1 was used to construct the paper. In order to analyze and extract information from these pictures, segmentation is essential. The segmentation of images has a promising future and has been the focus of modern study. The usual segmentation methods were addressed here: edge detection, clustering, and region growth. The problem with segmentation is that no one approach is suited for a certain type of picture, nor are all techniques applicable to all images.
Effect of phenylalanine treatment on chilling tolerance and biochemical attributes of grape during postharvest cold storage
Authors: Asgarian Zahra Sadat , Karimi Rouhollah , Ghabooli Mehdi , Maleki Masoomeh
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

phenylalanine treatment affect on chilling tolerance during postharvest cold storage.

OBJECTIVE:

This work aimed to investigate exogenous application of phenylalanine (Phe; 0, 15 and 30 mM) on berry phenolic compounds, quality and chilling tolerance of ‘Red Sahebi’ grape during 60 days at 1°C.

METHODS:

Every 15 days (storage durations were 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days), approximately 150 gr of grape bunches were sampled randomly from cool chamber for following physicochemical and microbial analysis.

RESULTS:

Phe-treated grape at 30 mM maintained higher titratable acid, total sensory score, total soluble solid, soluble sugars, organic acids, and antioxidant capacity compared to control grapes. At the end of storage time, 30 mM Phe-treated grapes showed higher flavonols (11% myricetin, 20% quercetin, and 23% kaempferol), flavanols (22% catechin, 34% epicatechin, and 40% epigallocatechin) and anthocyanins (42% malvidin-3-O-glucoside, 30% delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, 25% cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and 23% pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside) compared to control samples due to lower polyphenol oxidase but higher antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, 30 mM Phe was found to be effective for berry trans-resveratrol and phenolic acid preservation, displayed less fungal decay. The efficiency of Phe on chilling tolerance was monitored by lower rachis browning, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde but higher abscisic acid content.

CONCLUSION:

Phenylalanine application retained higher TA, TSS, and vitamin C, antioxidant capacity and total sensory score in treated fruits and alleviates chilling injury of table grape during cold storage.
Stock index time series prediction based on ensemble learning model
Authors: Sun Mei , Wang Jihou , Li Qingtao , Zhou Jiaqian , Cui Chaoran , Jian Muwei
Published: November 2022

The accuracy of stock index prediction is of great significance to national economic development. However, because of the nonlinearity and long-term dependence of stock index data, effective prediction of future stock index price becomes a challenge. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a research method of stock index time series prediction based on ensemble learning model. This method first uses an Adaboost.R2 algorithm to iteratively train multiple LSTM models and then integrates these LSTM models based on the parameters obtained by iterative training. Finally, it uses the ensemble model to predict stock index time series data. This paper uses the Shanghai Composite index, CSI 300 index and Shenzhen Composite index as experimental data sets, and uses the BP model, CNN model and LSTM model as comparative models to conduct an experimental analysis. The experimental results show that the new ensemble learning model proposed in this paper has certain advantages in the research of stock index time series prediction.
Optimal selection algorithm of logistics distribution route based on machine vision
Authors: Li Hua
Published: November 2022

In order to improve the centralized planning ability of logistics distribution path data, improve the efficiency of logistics distribution and reduce the cost of logistics distribution, this paper proposes an optimal path selection algorithm based on machine vision. Using machine vision technology to calibrate the coordinates of logistics distribution path, combined with EMD decomposition method and wavelet denoising method to remove redundant data in logistics distribution data, particle swarm optimization algorithm to complete logistics distribution path planning, and ant colony algorithm to realize the optimal path selection of logistics distribution. The experimental results show that the average distribution cost of this method is only 766.7 yuan, the distribution time is less than 0.3 h, and the customer satisfaction is as high as 98%, which shows that this method can effectively optimize the distribution path.
Innovation prediction of new energy vehicle enterprises based on improved hybrid neural network model
Authors: Hao Ying , Guo Ming-Shun , Zeng Hui
Published: November 2022

Considering the influence of new energy vehicle enterprises innovation input is affected by a variety of non-linear and uncertain factors, an automatic coding machine mixed with RBF neural network model is presented in this paper, and the Gaussian distribution of training data optimization method and the Gaussian transfer function training module are put forward to make innovation input higher prediction precision and stronger universality. By comparing the prediction data of the proposed model with that of the traditional neural network model, the accuracy of the improved model is verified. Therefore, the proposed model can provide theoretical basis and decision support for technological innovation decision-making of new energy vehicle enterprises.
A prioritized decision making method for reliability allocation: In optimistic and pessimistic view
Authors: Samanta Aniruddha , Basu Kajla
Published: November 2022

Reliability allocation is a very important problem during early design and development phases of a system. There are several reliability allocation techniques which are used to achieve the target reliability. The feasibility of objectives (FOO) technique is one of them that is widely used to perform system reliability allocation. But this technique has two fundamental shortcomings. The first is the measurement scale and the second is that it does not consider the order weight of the reliability allocation factors. The prioritization of the factors is also an important topic in decision making. Practically, all factors in multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) are not in the same priority level. Hence, in decision making situation, it is usual for decision makers to consider different priority factors. So, considering the prioritization of the factors, a reliability allocation method is proposed here to overcome the shortcomings of the FOO technique. Also, a case study on reliability allocation in airborne radar system is considered here to verify the efficiency of the proposed approach. Finally, the results are calculated in different optimistic and pessimistic view point and compared with the FOO technique. This comparison exhibits the advantages and supremacy of the proposed approach.
Synthesis of Architecture of Health Management System for Workers Employed on Offshore Oil Platforms
Authors: Mammadova Masuma , Jabrayilova Zarifa
Published: November 2022

This article proposes a concept for the development of a system for continuous remote monitoring of the health status of workers employed on offshore oil platforms based on IoT and e-medicine technologies. The concept is based on a person-centered approach to health management, which implies the inclusion of workers themselves as the main component in the management loop. This allows for continuous remote monitoring of vital health indicators of workers with their simultaneous “linking” to the context of the environment. A functional model of the phased implementation of the concept and architecture of a three-level geographically distributed intelligent health management system for workers employed on offshore oil platforms are developed. The IoT network infrastructure, in accordance with the purpose of each system level, is integrated into hierarchically distributed computing platforms: Dew computing, Fog computing and Cloud computing. One of the possible options for the implementation of the system in the context of structural components and computing platforms is proposed.
On Monitoring the Technical Condition and Technological Safety of Functional Elements of the Cyber-Physical Infrastructure
Authors: Mehdiyev Shakir
Published: November 2022

During operation, yber-physical systems (CPS) are constantly exposed to a wide range of factors that affect their technical condition in different ways. CPS combine a huge number of sensors and actuators to interact with each other and with the environment. The collection and processing of signals from sensors that measure the physical parameters of processes are carried out to identify anomalies and predict the state of the system to ensure its functional safety and optimal functioning. As the interaction in the CPS environment increases, physical systems become more vulnerable to threats. Understanding threats and their consequences, identifying the unique properties of CPS are key trends in ensuring their functional security. The degree of readiness of the CPS to perform the tasks and functions assigned to them essentially depends on the uninterrupted autonomous power supply of the installed sensors.
Analysis of Modern Methods for Detecting Vulnerabilities in Software for Industrial Information Systems
Authors: Bayramova Tamilla
Published: November 2022

Errors and vulnerabilities in software are analyzed and problems of their detection are considered. Existing modern methods of vulnerability detection using artificial intelligence technologies are studied. In addition to detecting these cybersecurity vulnerabilities in a timely manner, it specifies the correct choice of software development technologies, methods and operating conditions to prevent them.
About a Comprehensive Approach to Ensuring the Children’s Safety in Terms of Industry 4.0
Authors: Ojagverdiyeva Sabira
Published: November 2022

This study provides information on the concept of the safety of children’s data environment. It highlights the concept of Children 4.0, which offers a comprehensive approach to ensuring the safety of data included in databases (medical data safety, spatial data safety, etc.) through wearable devices. This approach is also very important in protecting children’s personal data.
Aquila optimized feedback artificial tree for detection of fake news and impact identification
Authors: Venkateswarlu B. , Viswanath Shenoi V. , Tumuluru Praveen
Published: November 2022

In recent days, social media is termed a major source for several people residing over the world because of less cost, simpler accessibility, and quick dissemination. However, it comes with dubious trustworthiness and is of high risk in exposing fake news. Hence, the automated discovery of fake news is an essential task. An innovative model is provided to identify fake news considering social media. Here, the BERT model is utilized to perform tokenization in order to produce tokens. Multiple features linked with the data are analyzed for detecting the behavior using the deep model. The features, like Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), SentiWordNet scores, and sentence level features are obtained to automatically learn the features. Automatic discovery of fake news is done with Aquila Feedback Artificial tree-based Deep Residual Network (AFAT-based DRN). The optimum weight tuning of DRN is executed with AFAT and the AFAT is the fusion of Aquila optimizer (AO) and Feedback artificial tree (FAT). The impact detection of fake news is done with AFAT-based DRN, which helps to detect how many of them shared the fake news. The AFAT-based DRN offered high competence with utmost sensitivity of 92.3%, testing accuracy of 91.6%, and specificity of 91.9%.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION-EMOTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE DESIGN OF THE ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Safronov Valeriy , Safronova Olena
Published: November 2022

The article highlights some aspects of the formation of the information-emotional component of the design of architectural environment, taking into account the concept of biophilic design and the development of modern information technologies. It is shown, that the formation of positive emotions in a person on the general level of perception corresponds to the concept of biophilic design. The historical analysis of the origin of the term and the development of the concept of biophilic design in the design of modern architectural environment of the city, as well as factors confirming its relevance are given. According to the studies, the biophilic approach can also be considered as the basis for the implementation of the idea of sustainable development, declaring the greening of relationship between the man and nature. At the same time, with the development of information technologies, one of the urgent tasks of design practice is the creation of dynamic scenarios for the the organization of the urban environment, which today can have a hybrid nature (both digital and physical content). The analysis of the level of organization of such hybrid spaces in Kyiv is given and the means of implementing dynamic scenarios are determined. Taking into account the above trends, the concept of designing a public interior space is proposed, according to which, a partial reproduction of a figurative solution that does not exist, but is familiar from films or books, can be involved in order to form an abstract-logical informative environment that contributes to the emergence of positive emotions at the general level of perception.
MYTHOPOETICS AND MYTH-CREATIVITY IN THE METHODS OF RESEARCH OF ANCIENT CHINESE ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Changzhi Wu
Published: November 2022

The article examines the currently insufficient the amount of literature on architecture and art of the Celestial Empire, which determines the relevance of this study. However, despite this in Ukrainian oriental studies are presenting the work of scholars specializing in Chinese architecture. Problem statement: the analysis of architectural monuments of ancient China is using well-known theoretical methodologies of scientific research, but taking into account the specifics of the mythological heritage of individual regions of China, the impact on the construction of the architectural image changes. In this regard, it is necessary to explore some methods of mythological influence on the construction of ancient Chinese architecture. Objective of the article: identify features of the methodology of studying the architecture of ancient China. There is describing that based on the general theoretical methods of studying architecture, it was founding that in ancient Chinese architecture there is a special cosmological meaning, which was giving great importance in the Celestial Empire. In ancient buildings, we can see the Chinese idea of the Great Way. The central core of Chinese traditional thinking is the postulate of "the union of man and heaven." This is the basis of his myth making and methods of constructing architectural structures and compositions. It can be suggesting that the further development of the methodology of studying the architecture of China should be based on the postulate of the dominant importance of the natural environment. The Cosmos–Man–Tao triad is a link in the architectural compositions of Chinese buildings and temple complexes.
BLUE LINES AS TOWN-BUILDING LIMITATIONS OF COASTAL WATER AREA
Authors: Mykhailyk Olha
Published: November 2022

The characteristics and problems of coastal water areas and coastal territories are considered. The use of coastal areas for economic, residential, and industrial buildings led to their degradation and gave rise to a number of legal, ecological, technical, and urban planning problems. Coastal water areas and territories are important natural and urban planning complexes in the planning structure of the city, because they enrich the urban fabric with public and recreational space, coastal flora and fauna, a picturesque landscape, and improve the microclimate of the urban environment. Professional organization, beautification, preservation and protection of coastal water areas and their coastal territories is one of the dominant urban planning tasks due to the fact that coastal territories are extremely vulnerable, the most exploited and investment-attractive zones. Preservation of the natural balance between the water area and the coastal area in the conditions of an urbanized environment is an urgent task of city planners. The advantages of the organization of the coastal man-made system have been proven. The urban planning organization of the coastal territory of the river is a set of measures for engineering preparation and improvement of the territory, which include the definition and measurements of the site, the identification of its natural features, the determination of the borders of the coastal territory, zoning with the definition of restrictions (water protection zone, coastal protective strip, green lines), project development, technical support of architectural and landscape improvement under the condition of maintaining and preserving the natural balance of the river ecosystem. The importance of establishing the Blue Lines of urban planning restrictions of coastal water areas is substantiated. Green and Blue lines should become tools for limiting the urbanized load on the natural component of cities and settlements, protecting and safeguarding the purity of the water body, the balance of the ecotone component, the river biocenosis, and the paradynamic connections of the river ecosystem during its urban development. The blue lines of urban planning restrictions – the boundaries of the water area cut – will contribute to the preservation of the maximum allowable sizes of coastal water areas, a tool for preserving the natural component in the urbanized environment, which will help solve the problem of balanced, rational and harmonious use of coastal water areas and territories. In addition to the obvious advantages of improving the microclimate of the urban environment, the appearance of recreational and pedestrian zones, the organization of public space (city friendly for people), the return of historical and cultural significance, professional urban planning organization and the revitalization of river ecosystems will have long-term economic profit – the coastal areas of revived water areas will become promising objects for investments.
GENETIC CODE OF THE CITY
Authors: Habrel Mykola , Habrel Mykhailo
Published: November 2022

Advances in genetics as a science have led the authors to believe that its methods and approaches can be used in urban research and in justifying decisions on spatial organization and urban development. Using the theoretical and methodological tools of genetics revealed the content of the phenomenon of "genetic top" in urban planning and urban development: understood the key provisions of genetics as a science of heredity – the origin and evolution of organisms, substantiated their feasibility for research on urban history and modern cities; the peculiarities of the genetic method for the study of cities and the role of the phenomenon of heredity for their future are determined. The genetic method is presented as a kind of genetic and aimed at studying the phenomena of development not only in time but also in space, determining the transitions from lower forms of organization of territories (places, settlements) to higher – extremely complex urban systems. It covers: the establishment of initial conditions and the origin of the organism, its main stages, main trends and lines (mutations, modifications) of development. On the example of the city of Lviv the application of certain tools for in-depth understanding of the processes of origin and evolution of the city is revealed. The set of "genes" of the city – spiritual-religious, behavioral-activity and psychological-mental in their various combinations, which form the genotype of the city as connections "man–territory–space–time". It has been confirmed that the city’s genetics (genetic space) is rooted in the past, connected with people, the energy of the Earth and the Universe. "Genetic" research shows that inherited urban differences are a factor that determines urban individuality throughout development, should be taken into account in both research and spatial organization and development of urban systems. The article only initiates certain provisions to substantiate the theory of urban genetics. Future research will determine the evidence in support of the formulated provisions or refute them as false.
TYPOLOGY OF BRIDGES-TRANSITIONS BETWEEN BUILDINGS
Authors: Hrytsyuk Lesya , Surmay Natalia
Published: November 2022

Considered are prerequisites and development features of bridges-transitions between buildings in the world architecture. With the rapid development of construction technologies, the widespread use of metal in the construction of public and residential buildings, as well as the strong aesthetic and functional demand from developers and residents, there is a need for open and closed multi-storey, multifunctional bridges between buildings.
The term "bridge-transition" has been used only recently to refer to bridge structures placed between high-rise buildings. This term is commonly used to refer to urban pedestrian bridges installed at height and bridges located in mountain gorges. As the term "bridge-transition" is ambiguous and has several different meanings, it is necessary to define the term "bridge-transition" for the purposes of this study. In this study, a bridge-transition is defined as "a part of a building that allows pedestrians to pass into another building at a height."
Based on the existing understanding of the communications spread inside a building, we can divide such bridges-transitions into point-communicative and multi-communicative. In each of these types, there are closed, open and mixed point-communicative or multi-communicative bridge-transitions between buildings. Multi-communicative bridges-transitions and their subsequent types can be further divided into bridges in one horizontal projection, e.g. one-level, and bridges in different horizontal projections, e.g. multi-level. The analysis of existing types of bridge-transitions allows to define a separate type of bridges-transitions as bridge-planes.
The use of bridges-transitions in various building designs for various purposes is prompting more and more specialists-designers to incorporate these solutions into their projects, which fuels the public interest in the application of these solutions.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD OF CREATING A «SER PROFILE» AS AN IMPORTANT STATE OF WORKING ON AN ARCHITECTURAL PROJECT
Authors: Obynochna Zoriana , Holubchak Kateryna
Published: November 2022

The creation of the architectural environment depends on the activities of the architect and certain stages of project development, one of which is the pre-project analysis, which is preparatory in nature and is important for further work.
The article considers the method of creating a «user profile» as one of the important stages of work on an architectural project in architectural education. Some recommendations and techniques for creating a «user profile» have been developed. A review of domestic and foreign research, raising the issue of pre-project analysis, based on the study of the needs of future users of architectural space has been conducted. Several stages of creating such a profile and a clear example of its application in the educational processare presented as well as the impact on the further development of the architectural project.
When working on an architectural project, the architect must subconsciously «reincarnate» in the future visitor, feel his mood, lifestyle, needs when using the designed space. Therefore, such a «reincarnation» is important when working on a «user profile».
TO THE PROBLEM OF USING OF MODERN METHODS IN THE RESEARCH OF ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL URBAN COMPLEXES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NATIONAL RESERVE "ANCIENT HALYCH" TERRITORY)
Authors: Bevz Mykola , Lukomskyi Yurii
Published: November 2022

There are several dozen historical-architectural or historical-cultural reserves in Ukraine, which were created to preserve the valuable historical environment. As a rule, on the territory of such nature reserves, we have a combination of objects of architectural and archaeological heritage. In the past, these objects could be significant complexes with fortifications, and several auxiliary buildings, some of which were objects of wooden architecture. Today, a large part of such objects is lost. We can give a list of the most famous ones – the reserve "Sofia Kyivska", "Davnii Halych", "Knyazhy Belz", the historical and archaeological reserve "Plisnesko", the historical and architectural reserve in the city of Zhovkva or the reserve in the city of Lutsk, and many others. As a rule, the planning of research and restoration-conservation works in such nature reserves takes place by successive selection of individual objects and efforts to bring them to a proper state and museumization. With this method of planning, the most important scientific component is lost – the study and assessment of the entire complex with its preserved and unpreserved objects (including archaeological and landscape elements). The recording of all the wealth of movable and immovable heritage on the territory of the reserve is also relevant. Such a selective method is due to the weak instrumental base of reserves and limited opportunities to attract relevant specialists. We believe that scientific activity and conservation and restoration work in such nature reserves should be based on a primary survey of the entire territory. A thorough and complete inventory of all archaeological sites on the territory must be carried out.
In the article, we reveal the possibilities of research and inventory of the territory of historical and cultural reserves using modern instrumental non-invasive methods. The most problematic are the tasks of detection, inventory, and identification of objects of archaeological heritage. This task can be solved with the use of modern equipment and appropriate methods – ground-penetrating radar surveys, thermal imaging, exploratory drilling, the use of micro video cameras, aerial photography of the territory using a quadcopter, laser 3D scanning, etc. We present specific recommendations and proposals for the formation of a scientific research program for the territory of the "Davnii Halych" national reserve.
LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL DENDROLOGICAL PARK "SOFIYIVKA" OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Ruban Luidmila
Published: November 2022

The article reveals the landscape diversity of the historical garden and park landscape – the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the city of Uman, Cherkasy region, founded in 1796-1800. In the classification of landscape gardening landscapes, developed by the Ukrainian landscape architect, doctor of biological sciences Rubtsov L.I., 6 types of landscapes are distinguished. The landscape of the NDP "Sofiyivka", as an object of landscape gardening art, belongs to the group of anthropogenic landscapes and is classified as a cultural, recreational, slightly modified landscape (historical core of the park) and modified landscape (Grekova and Lesnaya beams). On the territory of the arboretum, all types of landscape gardening landscapes are presented: forest, park, meadow, garden, regular, alpine landscapes. Most of the historical core of the park is occupied by the park landscape; the forest landscape has been preserved closer to the boundaries of the arboretum. The meadow landscape exists both at the bottom of the beams and in elevated places, such as on the Fungus lawn. The garden type of landscape is presented in the English Park, created in 1890 91 by Pashkevich V.V. and in a series of new monocultural gardens (of lilacs, magnolias, maples, chrysanthemums, dahlias, daylilies, hosts, etc.). The Kamyanka River is an alpine (or mountainous) type of garden and park landscape due to natural granite outcrops and shifted boulders. Examples of the regular landscape are the amphitheater, alleys, greenery protection strips, as well as the regularly planned area of the new entrance to the arboretum from the street Kyivskaya with a fountain and a rosary. These garden and park landscapes of the arboretum "Sofiyivka" are the most valuable natural ecosystem formations within the arboretum, which must be preserved and maintained accordance with the strategic principles of ecological unity and reproduction of natural resources.
Gelatin Extracted from Rahu (Labeo rohita) and Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Scales and their Beads Efficacy as a Carrier of Inoculum and Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Yasmeen Roheela , Qurashi Aisha Waheed , Arif Samreen , Qaiser Hina
Published: November 2022

The amount of biological waste is increasing day by day due to over population. At the same time, the researchers are striving to use biological waste in an effective way and to convert this waste into useful products. In this study, the scales of rohu (Labeorohita) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix) were used for the extraction of gelatin. Chemical extraction method was applied in the presence and absence of microbes respectively to obtain gelatin from varying amount of scales. Microbial isolates namely SCC5 from silver carp and SEY from Labeorohita were used for microbial extraction. Beads were prepared from the extracted gelatin using three different types of oils and later used as carriers of inoculum. The results showed that both isolates were positive for gelatin liquefaction and did not result in solidification, evenwhen kept in the refrigerator at low temperature. The amount of the extracted gelatin from fish scales was less than 50%. A pronounced increase was recorded when more than 30 grams of fish scales were used for extraction. It was noticed that beads prepared with natural gelatin remained stable after washing and were not degraded as compared to commercial gelatin. FTIR analysis of the extracted gelatin showed the presence of peaks at 700, 1600, and 3400 nm. The recorded peaks were in line with the peak trend of commercial gelatin. Beads were coated with an antibiotic by soaking in the antibiotic dilution. Keeping in view the zones of the formation of beads supplemented with antibiotics, it was observed that zone diameter increased as the amount of antibiotic increased. It indicates that the beads have the capacity to carry the antibiotics. Moreover, t For this purpose, the beads of extracted gelatin were injected with a different inoculum  of bacterial isolatesgelatin beads allow them to be used as carriers of fertilizers in agriculture, which is a recent advancement in the field of agriculture.
Attachment, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety, and Life Satisfaction in University Students
Authors: Gulzar Shazia , Iqbal Asif
Published: November 2022

The present study investigated the relationship between Adult Attachment, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety, and Life Satisfaction in university students. It was hypothesized that there is a significant relationship between the variables of the study. Moreover, a significant gender difference with respect to the study variables is expected in this research. Adult Attachment Scale, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Life Satisfaction Scale were used to analyze the study variables. The sample of the study comprised 200 university students of ages ranging between 19 to 25 (M=21.50, SD=.501) with an equal number of men (n=100) and women (n=100). The results indicated that interpersonal relations anxiety had significant negative correlation with life satisfaction. Furthermore, secure attachment was found to have a significant positive correlation with Life Satisfaction as well as it had negative correlation with the interpersonal relations anxiety, ambivalent, and avoidant attachment. Besides, avoidant attachment had significant positive correlation with interpersonal relations anxiety scores. In addition to it, ambivalent and avoidant attachment had significant negative correlation with secure attachment pattern. The t-test showed that men and women participants of the study don’t differ in terms of their life satisfaction and adult attachment patterns. but they do significantly differ in terms of their interpersonal anxiety. the results are discussed in the light of cultural context of Pakistan and existing literature.