bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing a geodetic network through the search method based on the use of an undistorted model
Authors: Bryn M.J. , Shevshenko G.G.
Published: January 2021

General idea of the search method is provided. An information flowchart explaining themethod is presented. Formulas for evaluating the project of a geodetic network using the search method based on the undistorted model are given. The sequence of the mentioned design algorithm based on the undistorted model is developed. A computer program for evaluating the project in Visual Basic was compiled. The design and evaluation of the project of two networks, a triangulation geodetic and the one built according to the free stationing scheme was made. Both networks were constructed using the search method of nonlinear programming based on the undistorted model. The results of the evaluation of the triangulation network project coincided with those performed by the classical parametric method, which confirmed the correctness of the proposed algorithm for designing a geodetic network using the search method. The full weight matrix of coordinates of the defined points was obtained, and the average square error of the position of the weakest point in the network calculated.
The experience of creating a database in a GIS environment
Authors: Ivlieva N.G. , Manukhov V.F. , Boriskin A.S. , Erofeeva I.V.
Published: January 2021

Modern geographic information systems provide great opportunities for using a variety of data on spatial objects, searching and storing materials in a convenient form. The authors describe the experience of creating a spatial river-database of Mordovia Republic, RF in a GIS environment based on the reference manual “Hydrological knowledge”. Various approaches to solving the task were tried. The assessment of the temporal reliability of the data was carried out, since over time a number of water-bodies’ names became outdated; the river network had undergone changes due to natural reasons and under the influence of economic activity. The created database of streams of Mordovia can be used as a reference and information source.
(IN)TRATÁVEL: AFETAÇÕES DO CORPO EM OBRA EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA ADULTA
Authors: Nicolini Valéria , Perez Karine Vanessa
Published: January 2021

Em destaque, põe-se uma série de afetos e estranhezas. Coloca-se em relevo um conteúdo da ordem do sentir, do humano; traz-se à tona o que todos temos em comum, o fato de sermos corpos. Corpos que vibram e se reposicionam frente ao desconhecido. Deste modo, o objetivo é identificar quais as afetações que compõem o corpo dentro de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulta de um hospital de ensino do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Trata-se então, de uma pesquisa qualitativa cartográfica, tendo como procedimento metodológico registros de diário de campo em consonância com o referencial teórico sobre o tema. Os resultados destacam as afetações do corpo em questão, caracterizando-se como um lócus latente, uma produção de movimentos em busca de tornar visível o que os olhos insistem em não ver.
O legado freiriano para uma Educação Física escolar contra-hegemônica
Authors: Monteiro Alessandra Andrea
Published: January 2021

O artigo, de caráter ensaístico, apresenta a reflexão sobre a contribuição da obra de Paulo Freire para a área da Educação Física escolar e sua importância para a consolidação de práticas contra-hegemônicas. À luz das ideias freirianas, em convergência com as teorias críticas e pós-críticas do currículo, dá ênfase aos conceitos do diálogo, da ética, da amorosidade, da diretividade, da reflexão e da rigorosidade, elementos basilares para a ação dos professores nas instituições escolares. O objetivo deste ensaio é contribuir para o debate acerca da prática pedagógica progressista da Educação Física escolar, não apenas sob a égide do ideário freiriano, mas em aproximação com o aporte teórico que orienta o trabalho docente democrático e emancipatório no cotidiano escolar.
As escolas multisseriadas do município de Iguape 1980-2008
Authors: Strieder Cristiane Corrêa , Boschetti Vania Regina
Published: January 2021

Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo abordar o funcionamento das escolas multisseriadas em atividade no município de Iguape. Visa compreender as diferenças dessa forma com as escolas urbanas e reconhecer a importância destas instituições para a comunidade rural. Apesar de focar um local específico, é possível compreender através do estudo a diferença que há entre a educação rural e urbana, diante de um contexto histórico que abrange os setores político, econômico, social e cultural. Essa modalidade escolar, que foi criada no século XIX, continua em funcionamento na atualidade, apresentando em sua estrutura semelhanças significativas com a forma em que funcionava nos séculos anteriores. Nesse ambiente, os alunos de diferentes séries podem permanecer, de forma concomitante, com o mesmo docente. O procedimento metodológico norteou-se pelo levantamento e estudo da bibliografia sobre a história de Iguape, assim como de trabalhos científicos sobre instituições rurais e unidocentes no Brasil, entrevistas e análise da legislação.
ACUTE TOXICITY OF MERCURY CHLORIDE TO TRICHOPTERA LARVAE
Authors: Hasriyanty Hasriyanty - , Anshary Alam , Saleh Shahabuddin , Yunus Moh.
Published: January 2021

Mercury waste from gold mining activities that contaminate the environment is very harmful to the living organisms including aquatic insects. This study aims to analyze the acute toxicity of mercury on Trichoptera larvae that commonly used as a bioindicator of water quality.The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with six-levels  of mercury chloride (HgCl2) concentrations, namely: 0.00; 0.001; 0.005; 0.1; 0.2; and 0.3 mg / l HgCl2.  A total of 20 insects larvae were used for each concentration and the insect mortality was observed in four times (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes). The results showed that the mortality of Trichoptera larvae had occurred at 30 minutes after observation. The LC-50 value of mercury chloride against Trichoptera was 0.048 ppm. Larval mortality increased with the increase of the mercury concentration and the exposure time. These results indicate the acute toxicity of mercury chloride to Trichoptera larvae. The effect of mercury on morphological changes of the Trichoptera larvae is also observed and discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS PLACES ON PALU RIVERSIDES
Authors: Suripurna Hamzens Wildani Pingkan , Moestopo Meidy Widayanto
Published: January 2021

Agribusiness may potentially develop on Palu Riversides. This research aims to formulate a sustainable agricultural spatial innovation for the Development of Agribusiness Places on Palu Riversides. The methods used for this study were field observation, satellite image map observation, and literature review. The results showed that the implementation of sustainable agriculture through the development of agribusiness places in urban areas could take advantage of the open spaces designated as green open space zone on the Palu Riversides, namely the River Green Area which is outside the riparian zone, the river overflow runoff area. To achieve this objective, it requires ability to innovate in spatial planning so that an urban agricultural area that is neatly arranged into an agribusiness places can also be developed into one of the city landmark.
Coupled and Stand-alone Regional Climate Modeling of Intensive Storms in Western Canada
Authors: Gan Kai Ernn , Singh Vijay , Gan Thian , Kuo Chun Chao , Schüttrumpf Holger
Published: January 2021

A coupled atmospheric-hydrologic system models the complex interactions
between the land surface and the atmospheric boundary layer, and the
water-energy cycle from groundwater across the land surface to the top
of the atmosphere. A regional climate model called WRF (Weather Research
Forecasting) was coupled with a land surface scheme (Noah) to simulate
intensive storms in central Alberta, Canada. Accounting for the
land-atmosphere feedback enhances the predictability of the fine-tuned
WRF-Noah system. Soil moisture, vegetation, and land surface temperature
influence latent and sensible heat fluxes, and modulate both thermal and
dynamical characteristics of land and lower atmosphere. WRF was set up
in a two-way, three-domain nested framework so that the output of the
outermost domain (D1) was used to run the second domain (D2) and the
output of D2 was used to run the innermost domain (D3). In two-way
nesting, D3 and D2 provide the feedback to their outer domains (D2 and
D1), respectively. D3 was set at a 3-km resolution adequate to simulate
convective storms. WRF-Noah was forced with climate outputs from Global
Climate Models (GCMs) for the baseline period 1980–2005. A
quantile-quantile bias correction method and a regional frequency
analysis were applied to develop intensity-duration-frequency (IDF)
curves from precipitation simulated by WRF-Noah. The simulated baseline
precipitation of central Alberta agreed well with observed rain gauge
data of Edmonton. The 5th‐generation NCAR mesoscale atmospheric model
(MM5) was also set up in a 3-domain, but one-way nesting configuration.
As expected, after bias correction, precipitation simulated by MM5 was
less accurate than that simulated by WRF-Noah. For storms of short
durations and return periods of more than 25 years, both MM5 driven by
SRES climate scenarios of CMIP3 and WRF-Noah driven by RCP climate
scenarios of CMIP5 projected storm intensities in central Alberta to
increase from the base period to the 2050s, and to the 2080s.
Alternative migratory tactics in brown trout (Salmo trutta) are underpinned by divergent regulation of metabolic but not neurological genes
Authors: Wynne Robert , Archer Louise , Hutton Stephen , Harman Luke , Gargan Patrick , Moran Peter , Dillane Eileen , Coughlan Jamie , Cross Tom , McGinnity Philip , Colgan Thomas , Reed Tom
Published: January 2021

The occurrence of alternative morphs within populations is common but
the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Many
animals, for example, exhibit facultative migration, where two or more
alternative migratory tactics (AMTs) coexist within populations. In
certain salmonid species, some individuals remain in natal rivers all
their lives, whilst others (in particular, females) migrate to sea for a
period of marine growth. Here we performed transcriptional profiling
(“RNA-seq”) of the brain and liver of male and female brown trout to
understand the genes and processes that differentiate migratory and
residency morphs (AMT-associated genes) and how they may differ in
expression between the sexes. We found tissue-specific differences with
greater number of genes expressed differentially in the liver (n = 867
genes) compared to the brain (n = 10) between the morphs. Genes with
increased expression in resident livers were enriched for Gene Ontology
terms associated with metabolic processes, highlighting key
molecular-genetic pathways underlying the energetic requirements
associated with divergent migratory tactics. In contrast, smolt-biased
genes were enriched for biological processes such as response to
cytokines, suggestive of possible immune function differences between
smolts and residents. Finally, we identified evidence of sex-biased gene
expression for AMT-associated genes in the liver (n = 18) but not the
brain. Collectively, our results provide insights into tissue-specific
gene expression underlying the production of alternative life-histories
within and between the sexes, and point towards a key role for metabolic
processes in the liver in mediating divergent physiological trajectories
of migrants versus residents.
Airflow modelling predicts seabird breeding habitat across islands
Authors: Lempidakis Emmanouil , Ross Andrew N , Börger Luca , Shepard Emily L C
Published: January 2021

Wind is a fundamental driver of the distribution and energy expenditure
of birds at sea. Wind can also influence mortality at the nest. Yet
airflows have never been fully integrated into models of breeding
habitat selection. We use computational fluid dynamics to provide the
first assessment of whether and how airflows predict the distribution of
seabird colonies, taking common guillemots (Uria aalge) breeding
on Skomer island as our study system. We reveal that air pressure
predicts occupancy, demonstrating the importance of exposure (rather
than wind speed) in habitat selection. Our simple model with pressure
and slope correctly identified 80% of the largest colonies and 93% of
avoided sites. While previous approaches have not predicted space use in
novel sites, our model predicted 73% of the largest colonies on a
neighbouring island. This suggests generality in the mechanisms linking
airflows and breeding distributions, and highlights a novel route by
which seabirds may be affected by global change.
MANIPULASI CAHAYA UNTUK MENURUNKAN KELIMPAHAN NEMATODA PARASIT TUMBUHAN PADA Pembibitan KOPI
Authors: Swibawa I Gede , Putra Dwisya , Susilo F.X. , Hairiah Kurniatun , Suprayogo Didik
Published: January 2021

Light manipulation to reduce the plant parasitic nematodes abundance on coffee nursery.  Plant parasitic nematode problem on monoculture coffee can be caused not only by the suitable hosts but also by the environmental changes, such as soil water content and soil temperature.  A semi-field experiment was conducted in Sumberjaya, West Lampung on May-September 2007 with  the aim to study the effect of shading levels and fertilizer levels of coffee nursery on plant parasitic nematodes abundance.  The results showed that the shading level treatment on coffee nursery significantly affected the abundance of plant parasitic nematodes but did not affect the free-living nematode abundance.  The relationship between the plant parasitic nematode abundance with the shading level is polynomial with the highest nematode abundance (500 individual/300 ml of soil) was under 40% shading level.  The increase in shading level indirectly affected the increase in plant parasitic nematode abundance through the increas in of soil water content.   Inorganic N, P and K fertilizer at the recommended level for coffee nursery increased the abundance of plant parasitic nematodes from 216 to 282 individual/300 ml of soil.  The interaction between the shading level and fertilizer did not significantly affect the plant parasitic nematode abundance.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN NEMATODA SISTA KENTANG (GLOBODERA SPP.) INDONESIA
Authors: Lisnawita Lisnawita , Sinaga Meity S. , Supramana Supramana , Suastika Gede
Published: January 2021

The effect of temperature on the development of Indonesian potato cyst nematode.  Potato cyst nematode (PCN) is a serious pathogen of potato and is found in most potato producing areas of the world.  In Indonesia, PCN was recently discovered and recognized as major constraint on potato.  The growth and behaviour of nematodes are affected by the environment.  Therefore, determination of the biology of PCN Indonesian populations is urgently needed to manage this pathogens effectively.  The effect of temperature on biology factors of four PCN Indonesian populations (North Java 1, North Java 2, West Java, and Central Java) was studied at different temperatures levels (12, 15, 18, 21 and 24ºC) in the growth chamber.  The aim of this research was to study the effect of temperature on development of PCN.  Observation was conducted on cyst number, reproduction factor (Rf), survival, fecundity and multiplication of PCN.   The optimum temperature range for maximum cysts production with the highest reproduction factor, survival, fecundity and multiplication rate for all populations was 15 - 21ºC.  The hatching and development of all PCN populations reduced at temperature below 15ºC or above 21ºC.
VARIAN SOMAKLONAL KACANG TANAH RESISTEN SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII HASIL SELEKSI IN VITRO MENGGUNAKAN FILTRAT KULTUR CENDAWAN
Authors: Yusnita Yusnita , Aswidinnoor Hajrial , Megia Rita , Suseno Rusmilah , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: January 2021

Peanut somaclonal variants resistant to Sclerotium rolfsii derived from in vitro selection with fungal culture filtrates. Sclerotium stem rot is one of the most important peanut disease which often caused significant yield loss.  The use of peanut cultivars resistant to Sclerotium rolfsii infection is the most efficient way to control the disease.  Attempts to obtain peanut lines with tolerance or resistance to Sclerotium stem rot through induction of somaclonal variation and in vitro selection using fungal culture filtrates (CF) have been conducted previously. Somatic embryo (SE) clumps that had been maitained in culture for approximately one year in regeneration medium were exposed onto selective medium containing 30% S. rolfsii CF for three consecutive 1 month –passages, and the SE formed after selection periods were considered to be insensitive to the fungal CF. A number R0 peanut lines have been regenerated from CF-insensitive SE, and their R1 and R2 progenies were grown in a plastic house for evaluation on qualitative and quantitative variant characters.  Early identification for tolerance to S. rolfsii was also conducted among R0 peanut lines, and the results have shown enhanced resistance when compared to the original non-selected cultivar.  However, further evaluation is needed to study responses of the R1 and R2 progenies of the somaclones against S. rolfsii infection.  The objective of this particular study was to evaluate responses of R1 and R2 peanut somaclones derived from fungal CF-insensitif SE against S. rolfsii infection in the plastic house.  Results of this experiment showed, a number of resistant somaclonal variants were obtained among R1 and R2 population, which segregated as resistance and susceptible to S. rolfsii infection.  The resistance somaclonal variants initially showed stem rot symptoms after inoculation with S. rolfsii with disease score (DS) of 1 to 3.  However, as the plants grew and developed, they showed wound-healing process at the lesio and they were able to produce the same or higher number of filled pod as the original non-inoculated peanut plants.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BERBAGAI BAGIAN TANAMAN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA TANAMAN CABE (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Efri Efri
Published: January 2021

Effect of extraction from some parts of Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) to suppress anthracnose disease on chili (Capsicum annuum L). The research was conducted to study the effect of extract from some parts of Mengkudu on the growth of anthracnose disease on chilli (Capsicum annuum L).  Some extraction of mengkudu parts such as from leaves, flowers and fruits and propineb fungicide were used in this research. Spore suspension of Colletotrichum capsici (108 spore/ml) used to inoculate chili plant one week before extraction of mengkudu (33 day after planting) was applicated. The result showed that application of leaf and flower extraction were effective to suppress disease incidence and severity, but fruit extraction was not effective.  However, leaf and flower extraction did not significantly differ with propineb fungicide.
MEKANISME KETAHANAN KENTANG (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM) TERHADAP NEMATODA SISTA KUNING (GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS)
Authors: Fitriyanti Dewi , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Christanti Christanti
Published: January 2021

Resistance mechanism of potato (Solanum tuberosum) to golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis).  The research was conducted from June 2005 to May 2006 in Kepuhharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The aims of the research were to find the resistance status of 20 potato varieties, role of  chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid  in the resistance mechanism and histopathological differences between resistant and susceptible potato varieties to  G. rostochiensis. The results showed that two varieties were resistant to G. rostochiensis, i.e, Hertha and Manohara.  Thirteen varieties were moderately resistant, i.e; No.30, No.44, No. 5, No.19, Batang Hitam, Agria,  Desiree, Berolina, Atlantik, No.095, Cipanas, FLS and Colombus, and five varieties were susceptible, i.e; Kikondo, Granola, Erika, LBR, and Fries. The presence of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in Hertha (resistant variety) and in Granola (susceptible variety) were analized by TLC. In Hertha chlorogenic acid was detected at 4, 5, and 6 days after inoculation (DAI), whereas in Granola it was detected at 1 and 6 DAI. It was assumed that the presence of chlorogenic acid for 3 successively week in Hertha, caused it more resistant than Granola.  Cell lignification inhibited                       G. rostochiensis grow well inside the root tissue of Hertha, whereas in Granola only a few cell was lignified as indicated by less absorption of red colour (safranin) in infected areas. Caffeic acid was not detected either in uninoculated or inoculated of both potato varieties.  It indicated that caffeic acid might not be naturally present in Hertha and Granola and nematode infection could not stimulate the production of this compound.
IDENTIFIKASI SURFAKTIN PADA PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS ST1 PENGENDALI EFEKTIF PENYAKIT PUSTUL KEDELAI
Authors: Dirmawati Suskandini Ratih
Published: January 2021

Identification of surfactin in Pseudomonas fluorescens ST1 which effectively suppres soybean bacterial pustule.   Identification of surfactin in Pseudomonas fluorescens ST1 filtrate was conducted in Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Bogor Agriculture University.  The 48 hours cultured suspension of  P. fluorescens ST1 with 108 CFU/ml density was centrifuged to obtain the supernatant.  The supernatant was analyzed for its surfactin content by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Colum ODS-5 and eluen acetonitril and acetat acid.  The result showed  that  surfactin was producted by P. fluorescens ST1 and this bioactive substance could suppres the bacterial pustule on soybean.
SELEKSI DAN UJI ANTAGONISME TRICHODERMA SPP. ISOLAT TAHAN FUNGISIDA NABATI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Efri Efri , Suharjo Radix , Evizal Rusdi
Published: January 2021

Screening and testing of isolate of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicides on the growth of P. capsici. The research was conducted at the Plant Disease laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University from March – November 2007. The aim of the research was to find isolate of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide  which still have its capability to inhibit the growth of P. capsici. Completely randomized design with three replicates was used in the research. Data collected in this research were isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicides and inhibition percentage of isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide on the growth of P. capsici. The data were analysed with anova and continued with LSD test at 5% of significant level. As much as 9 isolates of Trichoderma spp. resistant to botanical fungicide were found. Three isolates of T. viride could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (C), east indian galangale powder (A), and clove leaf powder (B). Two isolates of T. harzianum could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (A) and clove leaf powder (A). One isolate survived in the 90% of east indian galangale powder (D). Two isolates of T. koningii also could survive in the 100% of tumeric powder (A)  and clove leaf powder (A). One isolate survived in the 90% of east indian galangale powder (C). All of the isolates  inhibited  P. capsici. All of the isolates found statistically had the same capability to inhibit the growth of P. capsici.
SOIL NUTRITION MANAGEMENT AND PREDATION BY CHEILOMENES SEXMACULATA (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IMPACTS ON APHIS GLYCINES (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma , Lumbanraja Jamalam
Published: January 2021

Soil nutrition management and predation by Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) impacts on Aphis glycines (Homoptera: Aphididae).  Understanding how soil nutrient availability and natural enemies impacts on aphid populations are important for soybean aphid,  Aphis glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae), management. Studies were conducted to examine the effect of soil nutrient management and predaceous coccinellid beetle, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabr.), (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on A. glycines population.  The plot size of 300 m2 was set up into 12 plots consisting four treatments and three replications.   The treatments were the combination of NPK (urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 200 kg ha-1 + KCl 200 kg ha-1) levels, dolomite (4 ton ha-1), compost  (10 ton ha-1), and chicken manure (10 ton ha-1). While, the predator’s potential of C. sexmaculata was measured both in the field and laboratory conditions.  The results of the studies indicated that soil nutrition treatments had significant effects on the plant performances: leaf numbers; pod numbers; and plant height. In line with this result, there were significant effects of soil nutrient treatments on the amount of plant nutrient: C, N, P, K, C, Ca, and Mg.  The positive correlation coefficient was observed between the aphid population and nitrogen content, while the significant negative correlation found on between aphid population and the calcium and magnesium content.  Meanwhile, the mean number of soybean aphids (A. glycines)  consumed by C. sexmaculata increased from 8.915 to 40.64  aphids, with an average  26.35 ± 3.16 aphids.  The mean numbers of aphids consumed by predator were significantly influenced by prey densities.   The exclosure study result showed that the densities of A. glycines  in caged plants was higher than that in un-caged plants. In the no-cage treatments, natural enemies had complete access to soybean aphids and caused the total reduction (100%) of A. glycines density by the 8th wk sample period. These findings suggest that reducing the amount of synthetic chemical fertilizer NPK can be supplemented with natural organic materials such as composts and chicken manure and natural occurring predator, C. sexmaculata, is an important natural enemy of the soybean aphid.
JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN ASAL TANAH LEBAK DI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI WALANG SANGIT (LEPTOCORISA ORATORIUS (F.))
Authors: TA Effendy , Septiadi Robby , Salim Abdullah , Mazid Abdul
Published: January 2021

Entomopathogenic fungi from the lowland soil of South Sumatera and their potential as biocontrol agents of Stink Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius (F.)). The purpose of this research was to explore and examine the potential of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatera as biological agents of Leptocorisa oratorius (F).  Soil used for trapping entomopatogenic fungi, was taken from five locations  in South Sumatera.  Percentage of nymph mortality was analyzed by using analysis of variance and arranged in Completely Randomized Design.  LT50­ of nymph mortality was determined with Probit Analysis.  Entomopathogenic fungi found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium sp.  Stink bug mortality due to B. bassiana isolates reached 40-73.3% and Metarhizium sp. reached 56.7-70%. The results showed that Metarhizium isolates were more virulent than B. bassiana isolates.  The viability of B. bassiana conidia did not decrease during sub-culturing.  Sub-culturing did not influence the mortality of stink bug nymph but it prolonged the LT50­  of the stink bug.
ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT DARAH PADA TANAMAN PISANG
Authors: Marwan Husda , Sinaga Meity S. , Giyanto Giyanto , Nawangsih Abdjad Asih
Published: January 2021

Blood disease is one of the important diseases of banana in Indonesia. Endophytic bacteria have potencies as candidates of biocontrol agents to blood disease, because the bacteria colonized the same ecological niche with the plant pathogens. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic bacteria from banana root, and study their disease suppression ability to blood disease on banana. Ninety isolates of endophytic bacteria have been isolated from the root of banana. Average population densities of bacteria varied between 6,0 x 103 and 4,2 x 105 cfu/g fresh weight of root. Twenty seven isolates positively produced inhibition zone toward blood disease bacterium. Based on plant growth and disease suppression test, ten isolates promoted the growth of banana plant and four isolates suppressed the incidence of blood disease with ranged from 66,67 to 83,33%.
SINERGISME CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Lecanicillium lecanii DENGAN INSEKTISIDA NABATI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFIKASI PENGENDALIAN TELUR KEPIK COKLAT Riptortus linearis PADA KEDELAI
Authors: Prayogo Yusmani
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research was to study the synergism of entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium lecanii with botanical insecticides to control brown stink bug. The research was carried out in the field experiment station (Kendalpayak) of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI). Randomized block design (RBD) was used, each treatment was repeated  three times. The treatments were three types of botanical insecticides i.e; Aglaia odorata leaf powder (ALP), Annona squamosa seed powder (ASP), and Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) of 25, 50 and 75 g/l respectively were combined with the conidia of L. lecanii. The results showed that the addition of botanical insecticides into the media can improve growth and development of the fungus L. lecanii. The higher dose of botanical insecticide in combination with the L. lecanii, the greater efficacy of both agents are in controlling brown stink bug eggs. Synergism of combination of L. lecanii and botanical insecticides were shown from the number of unhatched eggs (above 77%) compared with a single application. The fewer number of brown stink bug eggs hatching, caused the limited number of brown stink bug can developed become adult, resulting reduced soybean seeds and pods damaged. The combination of L. lecanii and botanical insecticides was able to maintain weight of soybean seed up to 35% compared to single treatment (control). The combination of L. lecanii and ASP and JSP botanical pesticides were more synergist compared with combination of L. lecanii with ALP. Dose of 50 g/l botanical pesticide JSP and ALP were combined with the L. lecanii was an optimal dose to control of brown stink bug eggs.
PEMANFAATAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEBAGAI PEMBAWA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KEPADATAN POPULASI TRICHODERMA VIRIDE PADA RIZOSFIR PISANG DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM
Authors: Nurbailis Nurbailis , Martinius Martinius
Published: January 2021

The aims of the research were to determine the best organic matter as carrier for growth and increasing the density of Trichoderma viride strain TV-T1sk (TV-T1sk) and its influence on Fusarium wilt disease development on banana seedling.  This research consisted of two experiments, i.e. (1). Growth  testing of TV-T1sk  in various organic matter, (2). Various organic matter testing for increasing the density of TV-T1sk in banana rhizosphere and its influence on  Fusarium wilt desease development.  The treatments were various organic matter, namely rice straw, sugar cane pulp, rice bran+banana plant waste,  hull of rice+sugar cane pulp and rice. The variables observed were  density and viability of conidia on various organic matter. Propagule density after introduction to banana rhizosphere was determined by observing TV-T1sk propagul from the rizosphere of banana seedling. The influence of density on Fusarium wilt disease development was determined by incubation period, the percentage of symptomized leaves and the intensity of corm damage. The results showed that both sugar cane pulp and rice were the best organic matter  for increasing  the growth and the density  of TV-T1sk  after introduction to banana rhizosphere. The density of TV-T1sk propagule on banana rhizophere influenced  the development of Fusarium wilt disease.
KARAKTERISTIK PSEUDOMONAS VIRIDIFLAVA: PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK LUNAK DAN EVALUASI VIRULENSINYA PADA KLON ANGGREK PHALAENOPSIS
Authors: Hanudin Hanudin , Rahardjo Indijarto Budi
Published: January 2021

The objectives of this research were  to determine the typical symptoms and isolates chararteristics of Pseudomonas viridiflava as the causal agent of soft rot bacterial disease and to find out orchid Phalaenopsis clones resistant to the disease. The scope of this study included exploration and isolation of the pathogens, pathogenicity, biochemical and LOPAT tests,  also screening the Phalaenopsis F1 clones resistant to the pathogen. The results showed that  isolates  Vd-6, Ph-7 and Ph-18 obtained from Vanda (in Bandung Nursery) and Phalaenopsis orchids respectively, in glass house of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, were identified as P. viridiflava and highly virulent on tested orchid plants. Typical symptoms were soft rots characterized by moist and watery decay of the whole leaves, which were initiated as small water-soaked lesions and enlarged rapidly to the entire leaves. Based on biochemical and LOPAT tests, the causal organisms were  fluorescent green colonies in King’s B medium, not producing levan compound and arginine hydrolase reaction. Pectinolytic activities on potato and tobacco hypersensibility were also positive. According to evaluation test, 10 F1 accecions Phalaenopsis clones (VL 231, VL 232, VL 233, and VL 240; M22.213 and M22.223; 599.201, 599.205, 599.215 and 599.243) were resistant to that pathogen.
SKRINING DAN UJI ANTAGONISME JAMUR TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM YANG MAMPU BERTAHAN DI FILOSFER TANAMAN JAGUNG
Authors: Efri Efri , Prasetyo Joko , Suharjo Radix
Published: January 2021

Screening and antagonism test of  Trichoderma harzianum which are survived  on the corn phyllosphere. The research was conducted to find Trichoderma harzianum that could survive on the corn phyllosphere which still have good antagonism capability.  Five isolates T. harzianum were used in the research. Spore suspension of each isolate  T. harzianum (108 spore/ml) was sprayed to the 21 days after planting corn phyllosphere in the afternoon.  Reisolation in order to obtain the isolates which were was conducted in 1 – 22 days after spraying. To the extend that 3 isolates (from T. sprayed before harzianum) that could survive on the corn filosfeer and have the best antagonism capability then collected. Antagonism test was carried out using dual culture method. Phytophthora capsici was used as the antagonism object. The result showed that T. harzianum could survive until 22 days after spraying (DAS) on the last leaves (isolate 1, 2,3 and 5). On the second leaves, T. harzianum could survive 17 DAS Isolate 4 and 5) , and 20 DAS  (isolate 5) on the meristem leaves. Antagonism test showed isolate 1 from reisolated from the last leaves (ThRI1), isolate 4 reisolated from the second leaves (ThDI4) dan isolate 5 reisolated from meristem leaves (ThTI5) were 3 isolates that have the best antagonism capability.
PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN BIBIT PISANG AMBON KUNING TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN BEBERAPA JAMUR ANTAGONIS
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Rahayuniati Ruth Feti
Published: January 2021

Induced resistance of Ambon Kuning cultivar banana seedling to fusarium wilt with antagonistic fungi.  A research aiming at knowing the effect of antagonistic fungi supernatant on banana induced resistance, Fusarium wilt development, and banana growth was carried out from July up to December 2008. Randomized Block Design was used with four replicates. Treatments tested were control, with supernatant of Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma harzianum isolated from banana, ginger, and ginseng, Trichoderma koningii, and Fusarium equiseti, applied by injection to banana seedling corm and soaked for five minutes. Variables observed were incubation period, disease severity, Foc population density, germination inhibition, growth component, phenolic compound content, and supporting component. Result of the research indicated that the supernatant of G. virens, T. harzianum, and T. koningii could significantly induce resistance of the seedling showed by increasing the phenolic content such as glycoside, saponin, and tannin. The supernatant of all antagonistic fungi could effectively control the disease showed by lengthening incubation period as 48.71%, decreasing the disease severity as 53.57%, decreasing infection rate as 61.48%, increasing the antagonistic effectivity as 51.26%, decreasing the late population density as 45.35%, and decreasing the inoculum inside the plant as 60-100%. The extract could improve the seedling growth.
VIRULENSI JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALSAMO) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) TERHADAP KUTUDAUN (APHIS SPP.) DAN KEPIK HIJAU (NEZARA VIRIDULA)
Authors: Indriyati Indriyati
Published: January 2021

Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) on aphid (Aphis spp.) and green stink bug (Nezara viridula). This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. It was aimed to test the virulence  of field and commercial inoculum of B. bassiana on aphid  and  green stink bug.  The field inoculum of B. bassiana was originated from infected grasshoppers and isolated in Biocontrol Laboratory of PT Gunung Madu Plantations, Central Lampung, while  the commercial inoculum (Natural BVR) was formulated by PT Natural Nusantara.  A single exposure concentration assay (1 x 107 conidia/ml) for each inoculum was conducted by immersing the insects in fungal suspension for 10 second.  The results indicated that the virulence of field and commercial inoculum of B. bassiana was significantly different on aphid . The field inoculum  B. bassiana was highly virulent and caused 78.8% mortality, on the contrary the  commercial B. bassiana showed low virulence and caused only 27.42% mortality of aphid.  However, both inocula caused  76% and 70% mortality on green stink bug respectively.  The lethal period of  the field and commercial B. bassiana are 3.70 days and 3.72 days respectively on aphid, and 5.44 days and 4.58 days on green stink bug.  The virulence value of both inocula are 0.271 and 0.268 on aphids, and  0.195 and 0.245 on green stink bug. The virulence of both inocula is not significantly different. This results suggests that the commercial inoculum B. bassiana at 1 x 107 conidia/ml of concentration is less  effective  than the field inoculum  B. bassiana as control agent on aphid.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Treffinger Berbantuan Media Geoboard terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nisa Lutfia Khoirun , Ulya Himmatul , Purwaningrum Jayanti Putri
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the average mathematical creative thinking ability of students who received learning with the Treffinger model assisted by Geoboard media compared to students who received learning with expository models, examining the difference in the average technical thinking ability of fourth-graders before and after the implementation of the Treffinger model with the help of Geoboard media, examining the creative thinking skills of students who received learning with the Treffinger model with the help of Geoboard media has reached KKM. Experimental Quasi research with pre-test post-test control group design is carried out in class IV. Analyze data using independent samples t-test, paired sample t-test, and one-sample t-test. The results showed (1) The average mathematical creative thinking ability of students who followed learning using the Treffinger learning model assisted by Geoboard media was better than the mathematical creative thinking skills of students who followed learning using expository learning models. (2) There is an average difference in the mathematical creative thinking ability of grade IV students before and after the use of Treffinger learning models assisted by Geoboard media on roving materials and flat build area. (3) The creative mathematical thinking skills of students who participate in math learning with Treffinger learning model assisted by Geoboard media can reach KKM which is 70.
Penerapan RealQu pada Sistem Bilangan Real dalam Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Kartika Era Dewi , Cipta Dyah Ayu Sulistyaning
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of the RealQu, which is a mobile learning media that contains real number system material that will support online lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive analysis. The research subjects were 20 students who had taken the real analysis. The data collection technique was carried out by analyzing student answers and conducting interviews with the interview guidelines. The results showed that students were more assisted and facilitated by the RealQu learning media which contained the real number system theorems. This is indicated by an increase in the value and results of the analysis by the stages of solving the questions which also increased after the use of RealQu. During the interview, students also stated that Realqu helped them remember all the theorems and how they were used in problem-solving.
Resilience and autonomy at stake: The public construct of the Paf gambling company in the Åland Islands community
Authors: Lerkkanen Tuulia , Hellman Matilda
Published: January 2021

The gambling business entails geo-economic opportunities for islands, especially in times of online gambling. However, it also involves risks like ill mental health, debt, and social problems. Furthermore, a heavy reliance on gambling revenues involves great moral dilemmas, especially when the gambling provision is operated within a not-for-profit public regime. This study concerns how these aspects are negotiated in the public discussion in Åland Islands, an autonomous group of islands situated between Finland and Sweden. By ruling of its regional parliament and the Finnish Lotteries Act, the Åland-based gambling monopoly company Ålands penningautomatförening (Paf) has the right to provide onshore gambling on the Islands, on the Internet, and on cruise ships trafficking the Baltic Sea. The study examines Paf’s role as a pillar of the local community, and the ways in which this position is sustained and contested. By analyzing a corpus of 862 online texts from local newspapers and public radio services from 2006–2018, this study demonstrates how Åland depends on an incongruous public construction of Paf as a responsible actor that is simultaneously criticized for not exercising greater transparency and responsibility, highlighting a contradiction between the provision of harmful gambling products and economic benefits for the community.
relações entre o decreto nº 9.759/2019 e as ações do CONANDA pelo direito à educação
Authors: Fonseca Ione Barbosa
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o funcionamento do Conselho Nacional dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (CONANDA), após a promulgação do Decreto nº 9.759 de 11 de abril de 2019 que extinguiu e estabeleceu diretrizes, regras e limitações para os órgãos colegiados da administração pública federal. De cunho qualitativo, a reflexão se baseia na fundamentação teórica e legal sobre a participação social na tomada de decisões sobre políticas públicas para a criança e adolescente. Relatório apresentado pelo CONANDA ao Conselho Nacional de Direitos Humanos (CNDH) evidencia dificuldades enfrentadas no seu funcionamento após a regulamentação do supracitado decreto. Avaliando os problemas de funcionamento do CONANDA no referido relatório, consideramos que as ações dos demais conselhos, estaduais e municipais também podem ser influenciadas, ocasionando uma fragilidade na garantia e proteção dos direitos da criança e do adolescente, principalmente quanto ao direito à educação básica estabelecido legalmente.
olhar sobre o trabalho dos gestores escolares no contexto da pandemia
Authors: Giordano Daniele Xavier Ferreira
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho, de natureza crítico-reflexiva, é contextualizar o trabalho dos gestores escolares, a partir da perspectiva de gestão democrática e no contexto da pandemia. Por meio das contribuições bibliográficas de Lima (2013), Libâneo (2017), Lück (2013), Lima (2018), Gracindo (2009), Paro (1998), Lima e Santos (2007), Clementi (2001), Libâneo, Oliveira e Toschi (2012), Placco e Silva (2008) e Placco, Souza e Almeida (2012), Faustino e Silva (2020) e Peres (2020), o trabalho desenvolveu-se em três partes, a saber: a) O trabalho dos gestores escolares e os desafios da gestão democrática; b) A pandemia e as consequências no setor educacional; e c) O trabalho dos gestores escolares no contexto da pandemia. Destacou-se que embora existam dificuldades quanto à implementação da gestão democrática e quanto à identidade das funções dos gestores escolares, é inegável a importância do trabalho desenvolvido por esses profissionais, principalmente em tempos atuais de crise pandêmica.
Conservative Treatment in Calcifying Tendinitis of Shoulder
Authors: Szabo Dan Alexandru , Antal Agnes Piroska , Zékely Varga Margit , Neagu Nicolae
Published: January 2021

"ABSTRACT. Introduction: Calcium tendinopathy of the shoulder is a familiar,
unpleasant situation distinguished by calcium buildups in rotating tendons.
Current assumptions suggest that these calcifications might originate from a
cellular-involved procedure in whom, following a calcium sedimentation phase,
calcifications are suddenly re-orbited. Objectives: This paper aims to establish
non-surgical therapeutic conduct of maximum efficiency in the case of calcified
Tendinitis in the shoulder by combining methods of physiokinetotherapy.
Methods: The research methods used by us were: bibliographic method,
experimental method, case study method, observation method, test method,
statistical-mathematical methods of data processing, graphic method of
presentation of results, Shapiro-Wilk test, t-Student test, parametric test for
unpaired data, respectively Mann-Whitney test, non-parametric test for
unpaired data. Results: As a result, statistically, using the t-Student test,
p<0.05, we found a statistically significant difference between the averages of
the abstraction values in weeks 8 and 12 in the two lots. Conclusions: Kinetic
treatment ensures improvement of the algal component and functional
parameters, thus ensuring the patient's quality of life by combating muscle
contractions and increasing joint mobility."
Physical Activity Level During Pandemic - A Pilot Study
Authors: Negru Ioan Niculaie , Baloga István , András Álmos
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT. The aim of our study was to find out about physical activity level, during this pandemic period. Nowadays the entire society is affected, by this pandemic, socially, economically and sport activities as well. According to our data, people from this sample have a high level of physical activity, but they declared to have a lower fitness level reported to previous years.
Youth Tennis Player Serves Accuracy With Respect to Different Rackets Variations
Authors: Gherţoiu Dan Mihai , Moca Cosmin Mihai
Published: January 2021

"ABSTRACT. Introduction. Historically, biomechanics research has examined
discrete kinematics, however there is now a general appreciation that tennis
racket weight, size and sweet-spot vibration play equally important roles in the
execution of assorted movement skills in youth players. Objective. The aim of
this paper was to determine if young tennis players can accurately perform a
tennis serve with altered forms of their preferred rackets. Materials and
Methods. The participants in this study were young tennis players (N = 12),
males, with the ages between 14 and 15 years old. Results. There was a
significant difference in the scores for weighted and threaded rackets for both
the left-to-right and right-to-left serve directions. Conclusion. Our study
managed to show that a different kind of racket can affect the serving accuracy
in youth tennis players"