bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Board games market of Ukraine: current state and development prospects
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Karpii O.
Published: December 2022

The analyzed market of board games is quite widespread in the world. This market is only gaining momentum and becomes interesting in the future in Ukraine, as it is potentially large-scale and not yet saturated with goods. Indeed, the market is gradually changing and there was a particular jump during the lockdown when people got into board games. Therefore, the article reviews the board games market, which, due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, had a different impact on the enterprise’s activities in this field of activity. Thus, in the retail market, we are observing a decrease in sales volumes and the shopping areas closure, the world-class festivals closure or cancellation. We are observing the e-commerce activation and an increase in the sales volume through the Internet on the other hand. The review of the world market made it possible to identify the main players who are active in such European countries as Germany, France, Poland and the American market - in the USA and Canada. Having analyzed the work of world-scale festivals, we were able to determine those options for cooperation between Ukrainian producers and idea owners that allow promoting novelties on the national market. The sales volume structure of board games by the largest manufacturers, including TAKA MAKA, Feelindigo, Bombat Game, Danto, Thinkers and Kozak Games, is given. A brief description of the most famous board games, on which many generations grew up in the world and Ukrainian board games market, is given. Analysis of domestic sellers activities on the analyzed market made it possible to classify all types of board games. Since the consumer is the main target for the marketing activities of any board game manufacturer, consumer research has made it possible to identify the needs that consumers most often want to satisfy when buying board games today. Among the most important advantages is the possibility of having fun and developing the child. This is an important emphasis when conducting communication activities by board game developers. In addition, we conducted consumer segmentation through a study activities one of the largest stores on the board game market in Lviv – the Octopus store.
«Grȕndisse einer őekonometrie» – econometric accounting theory developed at the border of the XIX - XX centuries
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lemishovska O.
Published: December 2022

The materials of this article are a continuation of the published results in the publication in the previous issue, which provides a generalized comparison of the basic principles of building accounting and "traditional" econometric concepts. In this study, an analysis of the formulated methodological principles of the studied accounting (balance sheet) theory was carried out with an assessment of the methods of representation in the accounting system and the balance sheet generalization of the main objects and economic processes of the enterprise. On the basis of methods and approaches traditional for the accounting field, a scientific and critical analysis of the conceptual foundations of the researched development was carried out. From the standpoint of the contemporary development of accounting theoretical knowledge and with a focus on modern requirements for the construction of accounting and reporting systems, the view of the author of this article on the shortcomings and individual strengths of the researched development is formulated. Separate components of the researched development compared to existing modern problems in accounting and reporting systems. Some provisions of the theoretical development are evaluated from the point of view of their suitability for modern theory and practice. A comparison of the conceptual foundations of the researched development with modern practice based on international principles (standardization) of accounting data formation on the state of resources, capital and the efficiency (effectiveness) of the functioning of the economic system was carried out. Proposals about successful solutions in the studied development, which can be used for the modern development of accounting science, are formulated. The expediency of introducing into the modern system of accounting research formulated in the development of the basic principles and provisions for the creation of capital reserves (valid reserve funds), which are absolutely necessary in the modern conditions of conducting activities of any business entity, is argued. The possibility and expediency of adapting to modern conditions the principles of accounting for intangible economic resources developed in this theory, in particular the principles of their evaluation and write-off of value, are also substantiated. Modern inflationary processes require approaches to the accounting valuation of assets that are adequate to these conditions, which can be solved by using the valuation principles proposed in the development.
The role of international supply chains establishing a circular economy model
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ruda Mariana , Pukas Yu. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

Key trends in international logistics are highlighted. The essence of the international supply chain in the conditions of the formation of a circular economy model is revealed. The advantages of the circular economy over the linear economy are substantiated. Successful examples of the organization of zero-waste supply chains in the activities of well-known companies according to the principles of sustainable development are presented. The circular economy is proven to be the best alternative in today’s circumstances, as it aims to use products, equipment and infrastructure for longer, thus improving the productivity of these resources. The article argues that a sensible solution is to shift the focus from a linear supply chain to a circular supply chain. Thus, we are talking about a logistics model that focuses on the full life cycle of products. By investing in services such as reverse logistics, IT asset allocation and offering resource recovery and recycling options, we can extend the use of products and therefore reduce the negative impact on the environment. One of the most important steps on the way to the implementation of the circular economy is the reorganization of the international supply network and the transition from a linear supply chain to a circular one. In recent years, organizations have begun to focus on sustainable practices to solve environmental, social and economic problems, forming an approach based on the adaptation of circular economy methods. Circular economy is an economic system aimed at the elimination of waste and continuous use of resources. That is, waste becomes resources. Circular business systems involve reusing, sharing, repairing, renovating, recycling to create a closed loop system, minimizing resource use and waste generation, pollution and carbon emissions. The circular economy aims to use products, equipment and infrastructure for longer, thus improving the productivity of these resources. Waste materials and energy must become input resources for other processes. The introduction of circular economy requirements opens up new opportunities for the development of international supply chains, because it is obvious that products in the circular economy no longer conform to the traditional linear model. Through circular supply chains, it is possible not only to reduce the production of waste, but also to achieve self-sustaining production systems in which materials are returned to the production cycle. Such supply chains apply to both the manufacturing and service sectors. Therefore, the circular economy is increasingly recognized as a better alternative to the dominant linear economic model. Circular Supply Chain Management, which integrates circular economy philosophy into supply chain management, offers a new and compelling perspective for the field of sustainable business development. Accordingly, interest in research is growing.
Analysis of Macro Economic Factors to Jakarta Islamic Index on BEI
Authors: Isa Muzakar , Mabruroh  , Nasir Moechammad , Sri Murwanti  , Indri Chuzaimah,
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic factors on Jakarta Islamic Index. The macroeconomic factors are Word Oil Prices, Bank Indonesia Interest Rate, Inflation and Exchange Rate. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach, where data obtained from the Yahoo Finance, Investing Stocks and Forex, Statistic Indonesia and Bank Indonesia. The data used are time series from 30 June 2014 to 31 May 2018, which is 48 observation period. The statistical tool used is multiple linear regression using SPSS.20. The result shows that Word Oil Prices, Bank Indonesia Interest Rate and Exchange Rate have significant effect and negative relation on Jakarta Islamic Index, while Inflation has no significant effect on Jakarta Islamic Index. Simultaneously, these macroeconomic factors also have a significant effect on Jakarta Islamic Index.
Determinants of Household Consumption Allocation during the Covid 19 Outbreak in Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Mardiana  , Iyan Ritayani , Indrawati Toti , Tampubolon Dahlan
Published: December 2022

An pandemic will disrupt consumer income and expenditure and other effects in all expenditure categories. The purpose of the study this to analyze changes in household income and consumption changes during the Covid19 outbreak; analyzing the differences in household consumption in the formal and informal sectors and analyze the determinants of household consumption. This research was conducted in the urban area of Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, Indonesia. The type of data taken includes secondary data regarding the distribution of positive patients with Covid19. Primary data were taken from sample households in urban areas. Collecting data using an interview guide (questionnaire) which contains the identity of the respondent, economic activity, shopping or consumption during the outbreak and outside the epidemic, buying fast food, shopping related to health and the like. The sample was taken from 75 household respondents, including 35 formal sector household respondents and 40 informal worker household respondents in Pekanbaru City. One-way analysis of variance and t test to test differences in income and consumption between time and between groups of respondents. To analyze the determinants of household consumption using ordinary least squares. Result; The study found that after the outbreak through September 2020, the income group of less than 3 million increased in number. During this period, the respondents' average monthly consumption increased, but not significantly. There is a significant difference in monthly income between the period March - September 2019 and the period March - September 2020. The average monthly income of respondents from the informal workers group decreased compared to the previous year. On the consumption side, there was no change between the three periods. The individual variable test shows that only income is the significant independent variable. In the period March to September 2019, the respondent's MPC was 0.499, increasing in the Covid19 outbreak period to 0.525.
KAJIAN KETERSEDIAAN DAN KEBUTUHAN AIR BAKU KABUPATEN MESUJI
Authors: Fiandra Firda , Wardono Herry
Published: December 2022

Kabupaten Mesuji memiliki kondisi hidrogelogi dengan sebagian besar merupakan daerah rawa. Masyarakat Kabupaten Mesuji menggunakan air tanah dan menampung air hujan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Pemenuhan kebutuhan air baku bagi Kabupaten Mesuji menjadi tantangan tersendiri mengingat ketersediaan air yang masih belum mencukupi. Sungai-sungai yang ada di Kabupaten Mesuji merupakan potensi air baku yang besar diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air baku masyarakat sekitar, maka perlu direncanakan dengan baik agar sistem yang dibangun dapat beroperasi secara efektif dan efisien. Untuk dapat merencanakan penyediaan air baku yang efektif dan efisien dibutuhkan kajian ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air baku di Kabupaten Mesuji. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan didapatkan ketersediaan air baku dengan sumber air Sungai Jari, Sungai Harapan Jaya, Sungai Serdang dan Sungai Cisarua dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air baku. Debit Andalan Sungai Jari Kecamatan Way Serdang sebesar 885,59 lt/dt dengan debit kebutuhan sebesar 51,26 lt/dt. Debit Andalan Sungai Harapan Jaya Kecamatan Simpang Pematang sebesar 1.119,71 lt/dt dengan debit kebutuhan sebesar 36,08 lt/dt. Debit Andalan Sungai Serdang Kecamatan Way Serdang sebesar 35.651,76 lt/dt yang akan digunakan untuk daerah layanan Kecamatan Panca Jaya dengan debit kebutuhan sebesar 20,4 lt/dt. Debit Andalan Sungai Cisarua Kecamatan Tanjung Raya sebesar 478,01 lt/dt dengan debit kebutuhan sebesar 52,49 lt/dt. Neraca Air berdasarkan kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air menunjukkan surplus untuk setiap sumber air sungai yang direncanakan.
KAJIAN REVITALISASI PASAR TRADISIONAL SRIWANGI KECAMATAN SEMENDAWAI SUKU III SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP MASYARAKAT
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: December 2022

Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur sebagai salah satu daerah otonom hasil pemekaran mempunyai fungsi strategis sebagai daerah transit, karena letaknya yang merupakan simpul arus transportasi yang menghubungkan beberapa daerah seperti berbatasan dengan provinsi lampung, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir serta dilewati oleh jalur lintas tengah Sumatera.

Berdasarkan fungsi dan letak tersebut, maka laju perkembangan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur cukup cepat. Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur mempunyai pasar tradisional, baik yang di kelola oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten maupun Pemerintah Desa lebih kurang berjumlah 70 unit. Sebagian besar kondisi pasar tradisional tersebut belum memadai dan merupakan bangunan lama, sarana dan prasarana yang belum bisa menampung seluruh pedagang, sehingga banyak pedagang yang masih berjualan di dasaran/tenda-tenda darurat.

Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah daerah mempunyai program prioritas untuk merevitalisasi pasar-pasar tradisional  yang ada sebagai pusat penyediaan bahan pokok dan barang strategis lainnya sehingga menjaga ketersediaan bahan pokok dan penguatan jaringan distribusi.
Evaluation of the measurement uncertainty during the calibration of teraohmmeters and insulation resistance meters
Authors: Serhiienko Maryna , Skrypka Iryna , Shtefan Natalya
Published: December 2022

When preparing for accreditation, testing and calibration laboratories face the problem of developing methods for evaluating the measurement uncertainty. The interpretation of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement regarding the calibration is given in the document of the European Cooperation for Accreditation. Despite the availability of guidance documents and publications on this issue, each evaluation case requires an analysis.

The paper considers the calibration of teraohmmeters and insulation resistance meters, the feature of which is the lack of appropriate high resistance measures. Therefore, a resistance Y-network is used, which allows generating the reference resistance using three measures, which in turn causes additional components of the uncertainty. The analysis of the uncertainty components and the sensitivity coefficients of the deviation of indications to input values is conducted. The evaluation of the combined standard uncertainty and the expanded measurement uncertainty of the deviation of the calibration object indications is carried out, and the uncertainty budget is provided. An example of applying the developed method is given.
Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis IT Bagi Guru-Guru MGMP Kimia SMA/MA Kabupaten Tanah Datar
Authors: Hardeli Hardeli , Yerimadesi Yerimadesi , Gazali Fauzana , Gusfatni Gusfatni , Khair Miftahul , CM Margarita
Published: December 2022

Kimia adalah ilmu yang mempelajari struktur, komposisi, sifat materi dan perubahannya. Pembelajaran kimia dapat dimulai dengan mempelajari fenomena  yang terkait dengan kehidupan sehai-hari. Pembelajaran kimia tidak hanya membahas konsep- konsep yang bersifat konkrit, yang dapat diamati peserta didik melalui ekseprimen dilapangan saja, akan tetapi tidak sedikit pula konsep kimia yang bersifat abstrak. Informasi dan teknologi memberikan kemudahan bagi guru untuk mengkongkritkan konsep-konsep yang abstrak dalam bentuk model, multimedia pembelajaran atau media pembelajaran audio visual sehingga memudahkan peserta didik dalam memahami konsep tersebut. Berdasarkan informasi  yang diperoleh  dari  MGMP  Kimia Tanah Datar, kendala yang dihadapi guru antara lain kurangnya bahan ajar dan media pembelajaran kimia yang tersedia dilapangan. Kendala lain yang dihadapi adalah sebagian guru  belum  terampil  dalam  membuat  media  pembelajaran  berbasis  IT  sendiri  sesuai dengan topik-topik kimia SMA. Untuk mencapai tujuan dan target yang ditetapkan maka metode yang digunakan terdiri dari berapa tahap orientasi dan diskusi. Tahap pelaksanaan melalui pelatihan tentang pembuatan media pembelajaran berbasis IT berupa e-modul dan video pembelajaran sehingga guru-guru dapat membuat media pembelajaran yang akan digunakannya dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Tahap monitoring dan evaluasi pada kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan dalam bentuk monitoring dan evaluasi atas pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilakukan. Selanjutnya tahap analisis data dan pembuatan laporan, pada kegiatan ini dilakukan analisis data, penyiapan laporan dan artikel publikasi dari pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM yang telah dilakukan Hasil dari PKM ini adaalah dihasilkan beberapa e-modul dan video pembelajaran yang bisa dipakai guru-guru untuk pembelajarannya. Kepada guru-guru juga diberikan angket untuk mengetahui tanggapan guru-guru terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini. Hasil dari angket ternyata guru-guru terbantu dalam mempersiapkan bahan ajar dan video pembelajaran untuk mereka pakai.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Produk Ikan bagi Pedagang dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Berbasis Pariwisata di Nagari Sungai Tanang
Authors: Elida Elida , Gusnita Wiwik , Andriani Cici , Sari Yolanda Intan
Published: December 2022

Nagari Sungai Tanang berada pada koridor Padang-Bukitinggi, mempunyai potensi wisata yang tinggi. Potensi pendukung berupa Sumber Daya Air Alami dan Keindahan Alam yang berada di dataran tinggi lereng gunung Singgalang, menjadikan sektor pariwisata merupakan pilihan logis dalam rancang bangun perekonomian Nagari Sungai Tanang ke depannya. Hal ini sudah dilakukan pemerintah dengan mendirikan warung-warung kecil di sekitar objek wisata Sungai Tanang. Namun karena kebanyakan dari penduduk sekitar yang biasanya hanya kesawah dan ke ladang, membuat mereka bingung mau menjual makanan apa di warung tersebut. Padahal hasil kolam ikan  dan sayuran sangat melimpah dan mudah di dapatkan. Berdasarkan  permasalahan tersebut, maka tim pengabdian bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan  dibidang kuliner, dengan metode demonstrasi dan pelatihan (mengolah ikan) kepada kelompok mitra (ibu-ibu/ remaja putri) pedagang kecil makanan jajanan di kawasan wisata Sungai Tanang, khususnya keterampilan mengolah berbagai jenis makanan spesifik daerah berbasis ikan yang berdaya saing, dengan target khalayak dapat memanfaatkan waktu luangnya dengan baik, yang akhinya dapat dijadikan suatu usaha rumah tangga, yang dapat meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Keterampilan Rias dan Busana Fantasi bagi Guru -Guru SLB di Sinjujung dan Dhamasraya untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi dalam Proses Pembelajaran
Authors: Rahmiati Rahmiati , Hayatunnufus Hayatunnufus , Yufelmi Mimi
Published: December 2022

Permasalahan  yang dihadapi mitra  adalah latar belakang pendidikan guru-guru dari Sekolah  Luar Biasa  tidak pada bidang  tata rias dan kecantikan sehingga dalam proses pembelajaran guru belum mampu untuk membimbing siswa melakukan praktek di bidang tata rias  khususnya rias fantasi.   Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru-guru SLB tentang rias dan busana fantasi, 2) Meningkatkan mutu proses pengaplikasi kosmetik pada rias fantasi, sehingga dapat bermanfaat dalam proses pembelajaran bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus dalam merias fantasi.   Sasaran mitra PKM adalah guru-guru SLB Sijujung dan Dharmasraya dengan jumlah peserta  15 orang dari lima SLB. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di SLB Aisyiyah Sijunjung. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, demonstrasi, dilanjutkan latihan/praktek oleh peserta dengan latihan perkelompok secara bergantian utk meningkatkan keterampilan dan melakukan bimbingan terhadap peserta. Hasil dari Kegiatan ini, (1) peserta telah mampu memahami pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam merias dan busana Fantasi, (2) Terampil dalam mengaplikasikan make-up fantasi dan busana fantasi, serta mampu mempromosikan keterampilannya untuk dapat dijadikan suatu usaha. Dari hasil sebaran angket yang diberikan kepada peserta pelatihan tingkat capaian  terhadap penyelenggaraan  PKM 77%  dengan kategori  baik, sedangkan capaian terhadap kepuasan peserta terhadap pelatihan  PKM 86 %  dengan kategori sangat puas.
Peningkatan Keselamatan Kerja Penderes Kelapa di Sentra Gula Merah Desa Lojejer, Kecamatan Wuluhan
Authors: Asmuji Asmuji , Wakit Saipul
Published: December 2022

This community service activity is carried out with the target group of coconut tappers at the Red Sugar Center, Lojejer Village, Wuluhan District, Jember Regency. This program has the aim of increasing the knowledge of coconut tappers about work safety, so that it will also increase the tresher's attitude and concern for their own safety at work. The problems faced by partners are 1) low knowledge of partners related to work safety, 2) cases of workers falling from heights which have fatal consequences for tappers. The resulting targets and outputs are 1) service products in the form of knowledge and attitudes in improving work safety, 2) awareness of the use of simple personal protective equipment. The methods used to achieve these goals are 1) socialization, 2) mentoring. This community service activity was attended by 12 people. The result of this activity is increased partner knowledge and increased awareness of partners in terms of work safety.
Upaya peningkatan kualitas kopi dengan teknologi dry process menggunakan alat huller
Authors: Al-Rosyid Latifa Mirzatika , Akhmadi Arief Noor , Komarayanti Sawitri
Published: December 2022

Coffee is one of the people's plantation commodities whose productivity development is quite potential and has a big impact on the development of the Jember area because some of the population depends on the production of coffee plants, especially North Jember. The quality criteria for beans which include physical aspects, taste, cleanliness, uniformity and consistency aspects are largely determined by the treatment at each stage of the production process, so the process stages and specifications for coffee processing equipment that guarantee quality must be clearly defined. Activities to improve coffee quality using a huller tool were carried out in the Sukma Elang coffee farmer group located in Sumbercandik Village, Panduman, Kec. Jelbuk, Kab. Jember. This activity is one of the strategies to promote Jember products, especially in the field of coffee plantations, considering that North Jember is the center of people's coffee plantations. Meanwhile, people's coffee in Jember still needs to be developed in its cultivation. One of them is in the village where we carry out this service activity. Production facilities are still limited and the equipment is modest, even though the production is quite a lot but because the capacity of the tools is not sufficient so that the optimization of production is not good in quality. Dry process processing with a huller is one of the solutions to increase optimal results with increased quality. This processing is done a lot, given the small processing capacity, easy to do, simple equipment and can be done at home. Coffee that has been picked and sorted is dried as soon as possible so that it does not undergo chemical processes that can reduce quality. Drying is best done until the moisture content reaches a maximum of 12.5%. Coffee is said to be dry when you stir it when you hear a rustling sound. The dry process hulling aims to separate the coffee beans from the rind, horn skin and husk.
Application of Demonstration Methods in Community Service Activities to Improve Psychomotor of Diesel Engine for Vocational School Students in Agam
Authors: Sugiarto Toto Sugiarto , Purwanto Wawan , Arif Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Vocational High Schools (SMK) aims to be able to prepare students who are creative, master science and technology, and have competencies in accordance with the demands of the world of work. SMK students are designed to have high psychomotor abilities in accordance with the demands of the world of work. This paper aims to describe the application of the demonstration method in improving the psychomotor abilities of vocational school students in community service activities. This method is applied in training activities to increase vocational competency in diesel engine technology. With stages students are guided to identify diesel engine components and parts, start a diesel engine, identify diesel motor support systems and carry out diesel motor maintenance. The results of observations show that the direct demonstration method can improve students psychomotor abilities in the field ofdiesel engine technology. The demonstration method that has been applied is able to improve students psychomotorskills. At the first meeting the students scores were still low, but after guidance and demonstration was carried out, in the second and third observations the students had increased, students were more confident in doing maintenance work on a 4 stroke 1 cylinder diesel engine.
CHANGES OF MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF FEMUR AND TIBIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIABETIC ARTHROPATHY OF KNEE JOINT
Authors: Hnatjuk M. , Vadziuk N. , Tatarchuk L. , Monastyrska N.
Published: December 2022

Joint damage in patients with diabetes is a fairly frequent complication. Features of the microelement composition of the femur and tibia and structural changes of the knee joint in diabetes have not been studied enough. The purpose of the study was to study the features of the microelement composition of the femur and tibia in diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint. The content of microelements (iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, lead) in the femur and tibia of 75 laboratory sexually mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups, was investigated by atomic absorption spectral analysis. The 1-st group included 15 intact, practically healthy animals, the 2-nd – 30 rats with one-month diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint, the 3-rd – 30 animals with the two-month speciﬁ ed pathology. Histological micropreparations were also made from the femur and tibia. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin manufactured by «Sigma» at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. The content of iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, lead in the bone tissue of the femur and tibia in case of diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint is disproportionately and unevenly reduced. The iron content in the femur decreased by 3.4% in one-month diabetic arthropathy, in the tibia by 4.9%, and in two-month arthropathy the studied indicators changed by 8.2% and 13.7%, respectively (р<0.001). The content of copper in the monthly diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint in the femur decreased by 4.7%, in the tibia – by 6.8%, with a two-month course of simulated pathology – by 9.3% and 12.7%, respectively (р<0.001). The content of zinc, magnesium, manganese, lead in femur and tibia decreased similarly under the studied experimental conditions. Changes in the content of the studied microelements depend on the duration of diabetic arthropathy and dominate in the tibia. Diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint leads to an uneven, disproportionate decrease in the content of trace elements in the femur and tibia. The most pronounced imbalance between the content of the investigated microelements was found in two-month diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint and in the tibia.
FREQUENCY OF MANIFESTATION OF UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL CHANGES IN MAMMARY GLANDS OF MATURE WOMEN ACCORDING TO SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY DATA
Authors: Adamovych O. , Vasyliv M.-A. , Rudnytska Kh. , Poliiants A.
Published: December 2022

Bilateral mammography is one of the most common and informative methods of mammary gland (MG) examination, performed with the aim of primary diagnosis, quality control of treatment, etc. The aim of our study was to ﬁ nd out the frequency of detection of unilateral or bilateral changes and calciﬁ cations in the mammary glands according to the results of screening mammography in a randomized sample of mature women. To achieve the goal, a randomized sample of archival anonymized mammograms of 50 women of mature age who underwent a screening or preventive examination in the mammography o ﬃ ce of the KP «6th City Polyclinic of Lviv»; was processed. Examinations were performed on the Fujiﬁ lm Amulet Innova lity device (Japan) in direct (SS) and medial-l ateral oblique (MLO) projections. The results of the examinations made it possible to detect calciﬁ cations and assess the degree of risk of the presence of MG neoplasms using the BI-RADS scale, using the following assessment categories: 0 – incomplete examination (additional examination is required to verify the diagnosis); 1 – negative (no neoplasm detected); 2 – benign changes. In a randomized sample of mature women, the frequency of detection of calciﬁ cations during screening mammography was 66% (in 24% on one side, in 42% – bilaterally). Changes in the MG corresponding to the evaluation category 0 on the BI-RADS scale were found in 24% of the examined (22% – on one side, 2% – bilaterally). In 8 women (16%), structural changes were detected in combination with calciﬁ cations of various types. In 1 person (2%), a combination of structural changes of the MG with single calciﬁ cations was found bilaterally. Fragmented small- nodular ﬁ broadenomatosis («mirror image») was visualized in the upper- lateral quadrant of the glandular triangle of both MGs.
ATYPICAL VARIANT OF FETAL TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SIGMOID COLON
Authors: Khmara T. , Komar T. , Kozariichuk N.
Published: December 2022

An atypical case of the topography of the sigmoid colon in a 6-month-old human fetus is described. Information about individual anatomical features (torquility, excess loops and elongation) of the sigmoid colon signiﬁ cantly improves the approach to surgical interventions and diagnostic manipulations. In particular, during colonoscopy, the tortuosity of the sigmoid colon is a determining factor for the successful completion of the procedure.
COMPLEX TREATMENT OF LOCALLY ADVANCED RECTAL CANCER (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Chobey S. , Kutsenko A. , Yazykov O. , Bedey N , Pavuk F.
Published: December 2022

Lack of public awareness, lack of eﬀ ective screening programs in oncoproctology are the main reasons for late detection and late referral of patients with rectal cancer for help. The question of the approach to the complex treatment of rectal cancer is very relevant because the choice of the right direction signiﬁ cantly aﬀ ects the long-term results of treatment and the quality of life of patients. Conclusions. Preoperative radiation therapy is eﬀ ective in downstaging, increasing resection rates and local control rates, especially for patients with inferior ampullary rectal cancer. Postoperative radiation therapy helps improve local control. Inﬁ ltration beyond the serosal membrane, lymph node metastases, and a positive circular margin are important predictors of local recurrence, distant metastases, and overall survival.
Mitochondrial cerebral dysfunction in rats with scopolamine-induced neurodegeneration under enalapril effect
Authors: Kmet O.G. , Filipets N.D. , Kmet T.I. , Andriychuk N.Y. , Tymkul D.M.
Published: December 2022

Objective. Neurodestructive diseases are characterized by complex pathobiochemical cascades in the neuron, which cause disturbances in energy metabolism and the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction. The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the physiological functioning of mitochondria, the excessive activity of which increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are now considered as means of prevention and treatment of ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, their corrective properties in the development of central neurodegeneration continue to be refined. The objective of our study was investigation of enalapril effect, as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, in case of mitochondrial dysfunction of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats under conditions of scopolamine-induced neurodegeneration reproducing development of Alzheimer’s disease in the experiment.Material and methods. Scopolamine hydrochloride (Sigma, USA) was injected in rats through the peritoneum at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 27 days to simulate Alzheimer’s disease. Starting from the 28th day of the experiment, enalapril was introduced through the peritoneum at a dose of 1 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days.

Results. Under conditions of scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease in the mitochondrial fraction of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins ncreases, and activity of Krebs cycle enzymes decreases – α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase; light dispersion decreases and a relative rate of mitochondrial swelling increases. After enalapril administration for 14 days to rats with scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease the content of products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid and protein oxidation modification decreases in the mitochondrial fraction of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus; in both examined structures, the activity of catalase, αketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase increases, and superoxide dismutase – only in the cerebral cortex; a gradual decrease of light dispersion and relative rate of mitochondrial swelling occurs.Conclusion. Improvement of the antioxidant system state and energy supply of mitochondria, decreased intensity of mitochondrial swelling in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats with scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease are indicative of the protective properties of enalapril.
Doctor and patient: two parties of one conflict
Authors: Biduchak A.S.
Published: December 2022

The main specific signs and types of conflict in medicine between a doctor and patient in the system of theoretical and legal relations are analyzed and determined. The main views on the concept of "imperfect work of medical specialists", which is an infringement of standards of medical ethics and medical rights in rendering medical services are shown.Conclusions. The main specific signs and types of conflict that influence the relationship between doctor and patient are identified. The creation of a legal and information base for the adjustment and settlement of conflicts in the medical field is an urgent state need which will favour an increase in patients' confidence in the health care system.
Melatonin: biological role and optimization of its application
Authors: Pishak V.P. , Kryvchanska M.I. , Riznichuk M.O. , Bulyk O.R. , Lukan Y.R.
Published: December 2022

Modern literature sources on melatonin are analyzed, and its role in certain systems of the human body is characterized. Melatonin is a universal molecule that is present in almost every living organism, from bacteria to humans. In vertebrates, in addition to production by peripheral tissues, melatonin is synthesized centrally by the pineal gland.The aim of the work is to systematize the literature data on melatonin, its biological role, and the effectiveness of therapy in various pathological conditions in humans.Conclusions. Given that melatonin is secreted in various organs and tissues and is involved in the molecular mechanisms of pathological processes, melatonin drugs can be useful to optimize the treatment of socially significant diseases. Melatonin studies may also contribute to the development of new approaches for the prevention and treatment of age-related pathology.
Theme of Collective Errors of Humanity in Shikasta by Doris Lessing
Authors: Chatterjee Gautam , Sharma Dr. Achala
Published: December 2022

At times when the world ready for transformation with deconstruction, Nobel Laureate Doris Lessing (1919 – 2013) is an author whose wholistic vision and prophetic voice is much needed for understanding collective errors of Human beings. The present paper analyses one of her Novels Shikasta where she uses medium of science fiction for showing us the path we have chosen and our impending doom due to that.

Furthermore, the analysis is also aimed to show how Lessing uses literature to highlight the issues of colonialism, pollution, population, and draws a subtle connection between them. The paper aims to show Lessing’s views on misguided, unmanaged scientific growth and evolution.
Improvement of student’s creative thinking skills by guided inquiry-based student worksheet in acid-base materials
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia, Sulistiani Nofi Eriana , Agustini Rudiana ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

This study aims to create students’ worksheets based on guided inquiry which are valid, practical and effective to gain students' skill in creative thinking in acid-base materials. This study was a Research & Development (R&D) using the 4-D method (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The subjects implemented to this research were 29 students of class XI MIA MAN 4 Kediri. A design of one-group pretest-posttest without any comparison was used to conduct this research. Regarding the outcomes of the research, this can be summed up that 1). The validity of guided inquiry-based students’ worksheet obtained score of 89.60% with very valid criteria on content validation and 85.23% with very valid criteria in construct validation. 2). The practicality of guided inquiry-based students’ worksheet obtained values in the range of 70.96%-96.77% and on practical and very practical criteria. 3). The effectiveness of guided inquiry-based students’ worksheet obtained an increase in N-gain in four indicators of creative thinking skills of more than 0.7 with high criteria. It can be concluded that the students that used guided inquiry based worksheet enhanced student’s academic achievment in acid base materials.
Moral Complexity in Videogames: a Pragmatist Approach
Authors: Hanussek Benjamin
Published: December 2022

The field of videogame ethics has already achieved a differentiated view on many ethical questions in regards to videogames, their players and the industry. However, most of these approaches have neglected the benefits of a less abstract, more pragmatic view on videogame ethics. Thus, in this paper, I will introduce the concept of moral complexity to formulate a device that allows a pragmatic identification, categorisation, discussion, and design of moral content in videogames. Moral complexity is defined as (or by) the degree to which a game offers alternatives and/or commentary to violence and deceit to players and is exclusively referring to how the issue of morality is implemented in past and contemporary game design. It is a reductionist approach, which treats morality as a game design element and shall help to understand the experience of morality in a closed player/ game circuit. To introduce and explain the notion of moral complexity, this paper will begin with a brief overview of fundamental developments and perspectives in the field of videogame ethics. Further, moral complexity is introduced based on a rendering of Kantian metaphysics into virtual space. Then, elements of Aristotle’s ethics, Csikszentmihalyi’s concept of flow and Habermas’ principles of communicative action are defined to articulate the phenomenological aspect of experiencing moral complexity ingame. Based on these theoretical building blocks, a comprehensive definition of moral complexity is presented. To illustrate this construct, cases of videogames (Grand Theft Auto V, Spec Ops: The Line and Detroit: Become Human) are introduced to exemplify different degrees and manifestations of moral complexity in contemporary game design. Moreover, a discussion on issues shall forward a differentiated picture of the concept. In the end, a conclusion presents prospects and chances for the notion of moral complexity.
School as Playground: Discussing a Play Structure for Higher Design Education
Authors: Guerra Belo Marta
Published: December 2022

In this paper we intend to discuss the main elements of play – rules, order, freedom, pleasure, competition, representation, separation and uncertainty – as key elements of a new alternative learning structure in higher design education centered on ludic thinking. From the assumption that play is a free movement within a more rigid structure and that playful thinking is intrinsic to us, we draw on Aldo van Eyck and the City as Playground text by Merijn Oudenampsen (2011) and make an analogy between school and playground to discuss play process as learning process and study alternative pedagogies to traditional teaching which seek to foster self-learning through the work Homo ludens. School is observed as a playground where learning takes place through the transgression that results from the strong engagement with the context, the free exploration of space and matter and the ongoing dialogic interactions of the participants. This work is developed by cross-referencing data from different sociologists, educators, designers, and game theorists in connection with the data collected from an open talk with the author and four guests: Luís Alegre da Silva (designer, researcher, and lecturer in the field of communication design), Miguel Vieira Baptista (de- signer and lecturer in the field of product design), Filipe Luz (researcher and lecturer in the field of Multimedia and Videogames) and Ana Jotta (Visual artist) – that took place in the 1st Games and Social Impact Media Research Lab Conference (Glow2021) hosted by Lusófona University as a joint initiative between the CICANT and HEI-Lab research centers.
METHODOLOGY FOR THE PREPARATION OF MUSEOGRAPHIC EDITIONS BY DOMESTIC RESEARCHERS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors: Cherhik Nataliia , Milchev Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

The object of the study is domestic museum publications of the second half of the XIX-th – early XX-th centuries. Museographic texts are considered from the point of view of the formation of source studies in Ukraine. The primary focus is on positivist approaches to working with a historical source. The subject of the study is focused on the principles and methods of attributing items in museum collections. It is shown that their introduction into scientific circulation was based on the observance of the principle of historicism and objectivity. The analysis of museographic texts showed that scientists used an empirical approach to studying objects in museum collections: museographers practiced direct, sensory-experiential work with the subject of the collection. The article shows how historians used the method of direct comparison, historical-genetic, and historical-comparative methods. It is shown that they based their conclusions on the analysis of external features of artifacts: shape, ornamentation, and material. Particular attention is paid to the method of induction, which was very popular among positivists. Its application is demonstrated by specific examples of the formation of conclusions about an artifact's origin based on several heterogeneous facts about it. The article shows how museum workers classified and systematized collection items. It was established that the main principle of grouping collections was the chronological principle. In the middle of the selected historical periods, objects were distributed according to formal characteristics: material and category of the object. A more complex classification – the selection of types in the middle of homogeneous objects – is based on a comprehensive analysis of the technical features of the artifacts. The authors concluded that domestic museographic works of the second half of the XIX – early XX century are a clear example of a positivist view of historical research. Museographers introduced a significant number of historical sources into scientific circulation. They showed that these sources reflect different aspects of the life of the people of Ukraine from ancient times to the twentieth century. An important conclusion is the critical use of museography in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. That is due to the fact that errors in attributive work were revealed in museum editions of the past.
Examining procrastination and fear of failure among college students
Authors:   Department of Psychology and Counseling, Pittsburg State University, United States of America, Parlade Jose , Karayigit Cebrail ,   Counseling and Counselor Education, Texas Christian University, United States of America
Published: December 2022

Prior research has set out to determine if there is a relationship between fear of failure, procrastination, and gender. However, findings have been mixed, and few studies have explored the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination. The current study set out to examine the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination and fear of failure and gender. A sample of university students (n = 310) was administered the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI), which provides information relative to different forms of fear of failure, and the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS). The relationship between procrastination and fear of failure was explored using correlation analysis, and the relationship between fear of failure and gender was explored using an independent t-test. Results suggested a moderate positive relationship between total procrastination and various forms of fear of failure. Additionally, women were found to have reported higher levels of various forms of fear of failure. Limitations of this study and implications for future research addressing procrastination and fear of failure were discussed.