bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Practical Guide to Portable Pupillometry
Authors: Larson Merlin D.
Published: November 2024

The applications and advantages of portable pupillometry for a wide variety of healthcare providers are becoming increasingly evident, with frequent pupil evaluation becoming the protocol throughout critical care and emergency departments. Authored by a world leading expert, this practical, user-friendly book brings together all the research on portable pupillometry and explains the meaning of the various parameters that new portable pupillometers provide. Starting with the anatomy and physiology of the pupil, the book moves on to discuss pharmacological effects, unusual pupillary syndromes, measurement and size of the pupil, pupillary reflex dilation and pupillary unrest. Additional chapters focus on traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest, intensive care, opioid effect, acute pain and anisocoria and provide valuable clinical examples and case reports. Also featuring an extensive bibliography for further reading, this book is essential reading for all healthcare professionals using the pupil to evaluate drug effects and ischemic/traumatic insults to the brain.
Australian Banking and Finance Law and Regulation
Authors: Liu Han-Wei , He Weiping
Published: November 2024

Australian Banking and Finance Law and Regulation provides a comprehensive, up-to-date and accessible introduction to the complexities of contemporary law and regulation of banking and financial sectors in one volume. The book provides a detailed analysis of Australia's financial market regulatory framework and the theoretical underpinnings of government intervention in the field. It delves into the legal changes implemented in response to the Global Financial Crisis and recent local scandals, exploring the complexities and subtleties of the 'banker–customer' relationship. Readers will appreciate the clear and concise treatment of key issues, cases and examples that offer an overview of major developments. The questions and answers at the end of each chapter serve as an effective tool for readers to assess and reinforce their grasp of the fundamental principles discussed.
A History of Latin Literature From its Beginnings to the Age of Augustus
Authors: Fulkerson Laurel , Tatum Jeffrey
Published: November 2024

Latin literature exploded onto the scene from relatively humble beginnings in the third century BCE. In an astonishingly short time the Romans adopted and adapted nearly all the genres of literature known to them and not only were they well aware of their large-scale appropriation but even, curiously, boasted of it. This readable new history of Latin literature covers the full span of the Roman republic, concluding with the age of Augustus, whose great poets engaged with the enormous political and cultural changes of their time and laid the foundations for the literature of the Imperial period. All the major writers are covered but attention is also paid to more fragmentary but still key authors such as Ennius, Cato, Lucilius, and Varro. Readers are given the essential historical, cultural, and literary background as well as close readings of specific passages, which reveal the charm and complexity which animate Latin literature.
Urban Nature
Authors: McCormick Kes , Kiss Bernadett , Voytenko Palgan Yuliya , Bulkeley Harriet , Davis McKenna , Raven Rob , Luque-Ayala Andrés , Hörschelmann Kathrin
Published: November 2024

This introductory textbook with a global scope aims to train students of geography, sustainability, and urban and environmental studies to re-imagine and transform cities to meet climate, biodiversity, and sustainability challenges. A dedicated team of authors critically examine the relationships between nature and urban areas, sharing an inspiring account of how nature helps us re-think our cities and their futures. Prior to this textbook, literature for courses covering urban nature was written by and for practitioners, whereas this textbook is written by experienced course instructors specifically to be accessible to diverse students. The textbook is illustrated with numerous photos and figures which bring key topics, challenges, and opportunities to life. It contains focus boxes and case studies from every continent, offering students an international scope and multiple entry points into the field. Chapters conclude with thought-provoking follow-up questions and recommended reading. The authors provide an array of supplementary online resources.
An s-frame agenda for behavioral public policy research
Authors: Connolly Daniel J. , Loewenstein George , Chater Nick
Published: November 2024

We have previously argued thatbehavioral scientists have been testing and advocating individualistic (i-frame) solutions to policy problems that have systemic (s-frame) causes and require systemic solutions. Here, we consider the implications of adopting an s-frame approach for research. We argue that an s-frame approach will involve addressing different types of questions, which will, in turn, require a different toolbox of research methods.
Healing Materialities: framing Biodesign’s potential for conventional and regenerative sustainability
Authors: Pollini Barbara , Rognoli Valentina
Published: November 2024

The rediscovered potential of ‘growing’ instead of ‘making’ drives the emergence of new materialities. This is leading to innovative developments in biotechnologies and Biodesign, both of which are intricately connected and seen as transformative elements in the discourse on sustainability. Biofabricated materials are starting to be evaluated using established sustainability metrics such as life cycle assessment, highlighting their essential role in the circular economy and shedding light on some overlooked process-dependent environmental burdens. At the same time, some biodesigned materials and artefacts are characterised by their ability to transcend the conventional concept of sustainability, embracing the principles of Regenerative Design thanks to the restorative and regenerative potential of living and bioreceptive materials. The study explores the main Biodesign variables, presenting a taxonomy created to comprehensively understand the phenomenon. The resulting findings highlighted the dual nature of Biodesign, which promotes both inner and outer sustainability. These findings gave rise to a conceptual framework defined as ‘Healing Materialities’, developed by the authors to highlight the main Biodesign variables discussed while addressing a broad spectrum of ecological potentials, from conventional to regenerative sustainability. The article discusses the concept of ‘Healing Materialities’, emphasising the role of Biodesign in supporting a profound ecological turn and advocating the adoption of regenerative materials and processes capable of harmonising the long-term needs of both human and non-human entities.
Internal tides and the inviscid dynamics of an oscillating ellipsoid in a stratified fluid
Authors: Voisin Bruno
Published: November 2024

A boundary integral representation is derived for the translational oscillations of a triaxial ellipsoid in a uniformly stratified fluid. The representation is of single-layer type, a distribution of sources and sinks over the surface of the ellipsoid. The added mass tensor of the ellipsoid is deduced from it and, from this tensor, the impulse response function together with the energy radiated away as internal waves. Horizontal oscillations correspond to the generation of an internal or baroclinic tide by the oscillation of the barotropic tide over ellipsoidal topography at the bottom of the stratified ocean. Such topography is unconditionally supercritical, namely of slope larger than the slope of the wave rays, irrespective of the frequency of oscillation. So far, analytical work on supercritical topographies has been limited, for the most part, to two-dimensional set-ups. Here, for the ellipsoidal seamount, the orientation of the barotropic tide and the anisotropy of the topography have their effects analysed in detail. As the height of the seamount increases, the rate of conversion of barotropic energy into baroclinic form is seen to first increase according to the square law expected for a topography of small slope, then saturate and eventually decrease.
FROBENIUS NUMBERS ASSOCIATED WITH DIOPHANTINE TRIPLES OF $x^2+y^2=z^3$
Authors: KOMATSU TAKAO , GUPTA NEHA , UPRETI MANOJ
Published: November 2024

We give an explicit formula for the Frobenius number of triples associated with the Diophantine equation$x^2+y^2=z^3$, that is, the largest positive integer that can only be represented inpways by combining the three integers of the solutions of$x^2+y^2=z^3$. For the equation$x^2+y^2=z^2$, the Frobenius number has already been given. Our approach can be extended to the general equation$x^2+y^2=z^r$for$r>3$.
Annual bluegrass cross resistance to prodiamine and pronamide in the southern United States
Authors: Osburn Andrew W. , Bowling Rebecca G. , Unruh J. Bryan , McKeithen Chase , Hathcoat Daniel , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar
Published: November 2024

Annual bluegrass is one of the most problematic weeds in the turfgrass industry, exhibiting both cross-resistance and multiple-herbicide resistance. Prodiamine, pronamide, and indaziflam are commonly used preemergence herbicides for the control of this species on golf courses in the southern United States. There have been increasing anecdotal reports of annual bluegrass populations escaping control with these herbicides, but resistance has yet to be confirmed. To evaluate the response of annual bluegrass to three herbicides, populations were collected from golf courses, athletic fields, and landscape areas in Texas and Florida, and a dose-response assay was conducted on populations that were suspected to be resistant to and known to be susceptible to prodiamine, pronamide, and indaziflam. The suspected-resistant populations showed survival to prodiamine at 32 times the recommended field rate (both populations from Florida and Texas) of 736 g ai ha−1, and to pronamide at 32 times (the Florida populations) or 16 times (the Texas populations) the recommended field rate of 1,156 g ha−1. In contrast, the known susceptible populations attained 100% mortality at rates as low as 46 and 578 g ha−1, respectively, from applications of prodiamine and pronamide. For indaziflam, the suspected-resistant populations showed reduced sensitivity up to the recommended field rate of 55 g ha−1, but they were controlled when treated with a rate twice that of the field rate. Overall, annual bluegrass populations with resistance to prodiamine and pronamide, and reduced sensitivity to indaziflam (at the recommended field rate) were confirmed from golf courses in Florida and Texas. In the presence of herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass populations, especially to commonly used herbicides such as prodiamine and pronamide, turfgrass managers should adopt integrated management strategies and frequently rotate herbicide sites of action, rather than relying solely on microtubule-assembly inhibitors or cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, to control this species.
Discerning TGF and Leader Current Pulse in ASIM Observation
Authors: Mezentsev A. , Østgaard N. , Marisaldi M. , Sarria D. , Lehtinen N. , Neubert T. , Chanrion O. , Gordillo‐Vazquez F.
Published: November 2024

Terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF) observations made by the Atmosphere‐Space Interaction Monitor (ASIM) have demonstrated that these TGFs are accompanied by a prominent optical pulse from a hot leader channel. It is hard to confidently resolve the true sequence of the events in the source region due to temporal proximity of the involved processes. Here we report a bright long duration TGF together with its associated optical recordings showing clear temporal separation between the TGF and the optical pulse. In this observation the optical pulse is clearly distinct and subsequent relative to the TGF. The corresponding lightning discharge occurred at the very end of the TGF. We conclude that the current surge inside the lightning leader channel cannot be responsible for generation of this TGF. The current surge that produced the associated optical pulse can itself be conditioned by the TGF and may be responsible for the TGF termination.
Drivers of Seasonal and Diel Methane Emissions From a Seagrass Ecosystem
Authors: Henriksson Linnea , Yau Yvonne Y. Y. , Majtényi‐Hill Claudia , Ljungberg Wilma , Tomer Aprajita S. , Zhao Shibin , Wang Fenfang , Cabral Alex , Asplund Maria , Santos Isaac R.
Published: November 2024

Seagrass meadows are effective sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). However, there is little insight on how methane (CH4) emissions may potentially offset carbon sequestration in seagrass meadows. Here, we resolve diel and seasonal dynamics of CH4 and CO2 water‐air fluxes over a cold‐temperate Zostera marina seagrass meadow using high‐resolution timeseries observations in seawater. CH4 was emitted from the seagrass‐dominated coastal bay year‐round to atmosphere with CH4 fluxes ranging from 0.2 to 2.6 μmol m−2 d−1. These fluxes are at the lower end of earlier estimates based mostly on short‐term (i.e., 1 day) observations. The 13‐fold seasonal fluctuations in CH4 emissions were greater than the 6‐fold diel fluctuation. Radon observations imply that dissolved CH4 was primarily originated from sediment porewater. The main fate of CH4 in the water was outgassing to the atmosphere via wind forcing. Oxygen and temperature partially controlled dissolved CH4 seasonal dynamics. There was an annual average uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere (−0.9 ± 1.5 mmol m−2 d−1) driven by enhanced photosynthesis in the spring and summer. The CO2‐equivalent CH4 outgassing (0.5 ± 0.6 g CO2 eq m−2 yr−1) offsets only 0.8% of the sediment carbon accumulation in this cold‐temperate Z. marina meadows over a 20‐year time horizon. The CO2‐equivalent CH4 flux was 6% of the average annual CO2 uptake. Hence, CH4 emissions from this cold‐temperate seagrass meadow acted as a minor offset to carbon sequestration.
The Mother's Day Geomagnetic Storm on 10 May 2024: Aurora Observations and Low Latitude Space Weather Effects in Mexico
Authors: Gonzalez‐Esparza J. A. , Sanchez‐Garcia E. , Sergeeva M. , Corona‐Romero P. , Gonzalez‐Mendez L. X. , Valdes‐Galicia J. F. , Aguilar‐Rodriguez E. , Rodriguez‐Martinez M. , Ramirez‐Pacheco C. , Castellanos C. I. , Pazos M. , Mendoza B. , Gatica‐Acevedo V. J. , Melgarejo‐Morales A. , Caraballo R. , Andrade‐Mascote E. , Villanueva‐Hernandez P. , Bonifaz‐Alfonzo R. , Sierra P. , Romero‐Hernandez E. , Peralta‐Mendoza I. , Perez‐Tijerina E. , Mejia‐Ambriz J. C. , Guerrero‐Peña C. , Caccavari A. , Cifuentes‐Nava G. , Hernandez‐Quintero E.
Published: November 2024

On 10 May 2024, a severe geomagnetic storm coinciding with Mother's Day in Mexico lasted over 40 hr and produced polar auroras observable at low latitudes. This storm, the most intense since 2003, resulted from a series of solar flares and coronal mass ejections from active region 3664. The event was significant for space weather studies in Mexico, marking a milestone by enabling comprehensive measurements of its effects. The Mexico Space Weather Service (SCIESMEX) and the National Space Weather Laboratory (LANCE) had prepared for such an event since their inception. LANCE's instrument networks recorded solar chromospheric images, solar radio bursts, geomagnetic variations, Schumann resonances, ionospheric disturbances, and energetic particle flows. They also monitored Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) in three strategic substations of the national electrical system. This provided unprecedented insights into the dynamics of severe space weather events at the North‐American low‐latitude environment. Citizen science efforts documented auroras and regional responses, capturing variations in geomagnetic indices, ionospheric disturbances, cosmic ray fluxes, GICs, and technological impacts. SCIESMEX worked with the National Civil Protection System (SINAPROC) to issue warnings, ensuring public awareness and preparedness. This coordination underscores the importance of effective communication and collaboration in mitigating impacts. The May 2024 geomagnetic storm demonstrated the critical role of preparedness, research, and public education in reducing the effects of future space weather events in Mexico.
Dosing of antidepressants in relation to body weight in children and adolescents with overweight
Authors: Izsak Julia , Kimland Elin E. , Martikainen Jari , Dahlén Elin , Kindblom Jenny M.
Published: November 2024

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents may impact pharmacokinetics and drug exposure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate doses of antidepressants in relation to body weight in children. We used data from the BMI Epidemiology Study (BEST) Gothenburg cohort and the National Prescribed Drug Register and included children and adolescents with a prescription of fluoxetine (n = 347) or sertraline (n = 733) and a weight measurement. For fluoxetine, individuals with overweight or obesity received slightly lower doses at first prescriptions, but not in iterated prescriptions. The weight-normalized dose was lower in individuals with overweight or obesity in first and iterated prescriptions, compared with normal weight (p < 0.01). For sertraline, there were no significant dose differences between individuals with overweight or obesity, compared with normal weight. However, pronounced differences were seen in dose per kilogram body weight in both first and iterated prescriptions (p < 0.01). We conclude that the doses of fluoxetine and sertraline were essentially similar in individuals with overweight or obesity, but the weight-normalized doses were clearly lower. Given the ongoing obesity epidemic, larger studies addressing optimal dosing in individuals with elevated weight are warranted.
Inferring social signals from the eyes in male schizophrenia
Authors: Resch Annika , Moosavi Jonas , Sokolov Alexander N. , Steinwand Patrick , Wagner Erika , Fallgatter Andreas J. , Pavlova Marina A.
Published: November 2024

Nonverbal communication habitually leaks out in ways that expose underlying thoughts, true feelings, and integrity of a counterpart. Social cognition is deficient in a wide range of mental disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ). Inferring social signals through the eyes is pivotal for social interaction but remains poorly investigated. The present work aims to fill this gap by examining whether and, if so, how reading language of the eyes is altered in SZ. We focused on male SZ, primarily because the disorder manifests a gender-specific profile. Patients and matched typically developing (TD) individuals were administered the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test-Modified (RMET-M) and Emotions in Masked Faces (EMF) task that provide comparable visual information. The findings indicate that in SZ, the emotion recognition profile is similar to TD, with a more accurate recognition of some emotions such as fear, neutral expressions, and happiness than the others (sadness and disgust). In SZ, however, this profile is shifted down: all emotions are recognized less accurately than in TD. On the RMET-M, patients are also less precise, albeit they perform better on items with positive valence. In SZ only, recognition accuracy on both tasks is tightly linked to each other. The outcome reveals global challenges for males with SZ in inferring social information in the eyes and calls for remediation programs to shape social cognition. This work offers novel insights into the profiles of social cognitive deficits in mental disorders that differ in their gender prevalence.
A novel sustainable biocide against the fruit fly Drosophila suzukii made from orange peels
Authors: Barone Giovanni Davide , Hartbauer Manfred
Published: November 2024

Drosophila suzukii (D. suzukii), a pervasive pest originating from Southeast Asia, presents a substantial risk to global agriculture. The ability of the female flies to lay eggs within fruits of varying maturity stages, combined with the accelerated offspring development within warmer climates, results in rapid population growth. This poses significant challenges for fruit production and viticulture, exacerbated by the increasing prevalence of pesticide resistance. We propose a solution to this growing issue using an attract-and-kill approach by making use of upcycled organic waste materials made from orange peels. Specifically, we have tested an innovative salty orange peel product (OPP) in a choice experiment, in which OPP and hydrogel (control) were made available to fruit flies in Petri dishes situated beneath red wine grapes. The number of dead flies in both Petri dishes were counted each day and fly maggots inside berries were extracted after four days. Since Petri dishes were covered with a red lid, flies only selected on the basis of olfactory cues. Our results showed a higher number of captured flies in Petri dishes containing OPP compared to those with the hydrogel control. Furthermore, a notable reduction in the number of maggots was observed inside grapes located above OPP compared to the grapes closer to the hydrogel control. Dilution of OPP was followed by a lower count of dead flies. In additional choice experiments, the concentration of NaCl was found to be positively correlated with the number of dead flies. This suggests an important lethal effect caused by high salt concentrations. In a final experiment, OPP was also compared to the commercially-available attractant called Drosalure™, which resulted in a slightly higher attractiveness of OPP to D. suzukii. These findings suggest that OPP holds potential as a cost-efficient and eco-friendly biocide made from organic waste material. OPP offered in attract-and-kill traps equipped with small entry holes is safe for bees and may replace other less eco-friendly control measures for D. suzukii in organic vineyards.
Synthesis and preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation of water soluble pentacyclic triterpenoid phosphonates
Authors: Lugiņina Jevgeņija , Kroškins Vladislavs , Lācis Rihards , Fedorovska Elza , Demir Öznur , Dubnika Arita , Loca Dagnija , Turks Māris
Published: November 2024

Synthesis, solubility and cytotoxicity evaluation of anionic phosphonates derived from betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid is reported. Phosphonate moieties were successfully installed at terpenoid C28 by carboxylic acid deprotonation/alkylation sequence using (dimethoxyphosphoryl)methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate as alkylation reagent. Also, betulin-derived and ether-linked bis-phosphonate is obtained and characterized. After demethylation in the presence of TMSI the resulting phosphonic acids were transformed into their disodium salts. All target compounds display excellent water solubility, which was determined by qNMR in D2O. Cytotoxicity tests were performed in different concentrations of each compound (10–50 µM) against human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and osteoblast precursor cell line MC3T3-E1. Improved aqueous solubility and low cytotoxicity profile of the newly designed triterpenoid phosphonates reveal high potential for various medicinal chemistry and pharmacological applications in the future.
Development and validation of a dynamic nomogram for individualized prediction of survival in patients with colon cancer
Authors: Sun Yuting , Huang Longchang , Shen Xiaoming , Yang Zenghui , Xu Binghua , Bao Chuanqing , Shi Yifan
Published: November 2024

Current tools for predicting survival outcomes in colon cancer patients predominantly rely on clinical and pathologic characteristics. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates a significant correlation between nutritional status and patient outcomes. This study aimed to establish a new dynamic nomogram for individualized prediction of postoperative overall survival (OS). The clinicopathological and nutritional data of colon cancer patients undergoing radical resection were retrospectively collected and randomly divided into the primary and validation cohorts. Risk factors on OS rates were investigated by Cox analyses and, the nomogram was constructed using significant predictors. Among 1,024 patients, 341 deaths were observed after median follow-up of 54 months. Five independent prognostic factors, including nutritional status assessments, were incorporated into the nomogram. The C-index regarding 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 0.830, 0.859, and 0.757 in the primary cohort and 0.843, 0.870, and 0.773 in the validation cohort, respectively. Calibration curves for the probability of OS exhibited an optimal agreement. Decision curve analyses revealed the greater application value of the nomogram than the TNM staging system. Based on the nomogram, patients could be stratified into three scenarios with significant prognostic classification (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, we developed and validated an easy-to-use dynamic nomogram for predicting postoperative OS in colon cancer patients.
Analysis of the impact of deep learning know-how and data in modelling neonatal EEG
Authors: Daly Aengus , Lightbody Gordon , Temko Andriy
Published: November 2024

The performance gains achieved by deep learning models nowadays are mainly attributed to the usage of ever larger datasets. In this study, we present and contrast the performance gains that can be achieved via accessing larger high-quality datasets versus the gains that can be achieved from harnessing the latest deep learning architectural and training advances. Modelling neonatal EEG is particularly affected by the lack of publicly available large datasets. It is shown that greater performance gains can be achieved from harnessing the latest deep learning advances than using a larger training dataset when adopting AUC as a metric, whereas using AUC90 or AUC-PR as metrics greater performance gains are achieved from using a larger dataset than harnessing the latest deep learning advances. In all scenarios the best performance is obtained by combining both deep learning advances and larger datasets. A novel developed architecture is presented that outperforms the current state-of-the-art model for the task of neonatal seizure detection. A novel method to fine-tune the presented model towards site-specific settings based on pseudo labelling is also outlined. The code and the weights of the model are made publicly available for benchmarking future model performances for neonatal seizure detection.
Unraveling neuroprotection with Kv1.3 potassium channel blockade by a scorpion venom peptide
Authors: Beraldo-Neto Emidio , Ferreira Vanessa Florentino , Vigerelli Hugo , Fernandes Karolina Rosa , Juliano Maria Aparecida , Nencioni Ana Leonor Abrahao , Pimenta Daniel Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Voltage-gated potassium channels play a crucial role in cellular repolarization and are potential therapeutic targets in neuroinflammatory disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. This study explores Tityus bahiensis scorpion venom for neuroactive peptides. We identified the αKtx12 peptide as a potent neuroprotective agent. In SH-SY5Y cells, αKtx12 significantly enhances viability, validating its pharmacological potential. And in the animal model, we elucidate central nervous system (CNS) mechanism of αKtx12 through neuroproteomic analyses highlighting αKtx12 as a valuable tool for characterizing neuroplasticity and neurotropism, revealing its ability to elicit more physiological responses. The peptide’s potential to promote cell proliferation and neuroprotection suggests a role in functional recovery from nervous system injury or disease. This research unveils the neuroactive potential of scorpion venom-derived αKtx12’s, offering insights into its pharmacological utility. The peptide’s impact on neuronal processes suggests a promising avenue for therapeutic development, particularly in neurodegenerative conditions.
Using data from cue presentations results in grossly overestimating semantic BCI performance
Authors: Rybář Milan , Poli Riccardo , Daly Ian
Published: November 2024

Neuroimaging studies have reported the possibility of semantic neural decoding to identify specific semantic concepts from neural activity. This offers promise for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for communication. However, translating these findings into a BCI paradigm has proven challenging. Existing EEG-based semantic decoding studies often rely on neural activity recorded when a cue is present, raising concerns about decoding reliability. To address this, we investigate the effects of cue presentation on EEG-based semantic decoding. In an experiment with a clear separation between cue presentation and mental task periods, we attempt to differentiate between semantic categories of animals and tools in four mental tasks. By using state-of-the-art decoding analyses, we demonstrate significant mean classification accuracies up to 71.3% during cue presentation but not during mental tasks, even with adapted analyses from previous studies. These findings highlight a potential issue when using neural activity recorded during cue presentation periods for semantic decoding. Additionally, our results show that semantic decoding without external cues may be more challenging than current state-of-the-art research suggests. By bringing attention to these issues, we aim to stimulate discussion and drive advancements in the field toward more effective semantic BCI applications.
Small-rotative fixed-target serial synchrotron crystallography (SR-FT-SSX) for molecular crystals
Authors: Lewis Sam G. , Coulson Ben A. , Warren Anna J. , Warren Mark R. , Hatcher Lauren E.
Published: November 2024

The increasing availability of ultrabright Light Sources is facilitating the study of smaller crystals at faster timescales but with an increased risk of severe X-ray damage, leading to developments in multi-crystal methods such as serial crystallography (SX). SX studies on crystals with small unit cells are challenging as very few reflections are recorded in a single data image, making it difficult to determine the orientation matrix for each crystal and thus preventing the combination of the data from all crystals for structure solution. We herein present a Small-Rotative Fixed-Target Serial Synchrotron Crystallography (SR-FT-SSX) methodology, in which rotation of the serial target through a small diffraction angle $$(\varphi )$$

(

φ

)

at each crystal delivers high-quality data, facilitating ab initio unit cell determination and atomic-scale structure solution. The method is benchmarked using microcrystals of the small-molecule photoswitch sodium nitroprusside dihydrate, obtaining complete data to dmin = 0.6 Å by combining just 66 partial datasets selected against rigorous quality criteria.
How and why music therapy reduces distress and improves well-being in advanced dementia care: a realist review
Authors: Thompson Naomi , Odell-Miller Helen , Underwood Benjamin R. , Wolverson Emma , Hsu Ming-Hung
Published: November 2024

People with advanced dementia are at increased risk of institutionalization and experiencing distress. Research suggests that music therapy could reduce distress, but less is known about the causal mechanisms. Here we conducted a realist review to develop a program theory for how music therapy may reduce distress and improve well-being for people with advanced dementia in institutional settings. Initially, data were extracted from key literature alongside secondary reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and stakeholder consultation. Subsequently, systematic literature searches were conducted along with a stakeholder survey. Data were extracted to iteratively refine the rough theory. Finally, the program theory was presented to stakeholder groups for consolidation. The theory outlines the core elements of the music therapy intervention alongside the individual, interpersonal and institutional contexts required to instigate hidden mechanisms, including meeting the unmeet needs of the person with dementia in the moment and increasing communication and understanding of music therapy among staff and family members. Outcomes include short-term reductions in distress and improved well-being, with the potential for music to become embedded in the management of distress and regulation of the care environment within the institution. Insufficient data were found to theorize infrastructural factors impacting the use of music therapy with this population. This theory should be tested through empirical research and used to inform clinical practice and policy.
Polymicrobial infection in cystic fibrosis and future perspectives for improving Mycobacterium abscessus drug discovery
Authors: Baker Emily, J. , Allcott Gemma , Cox Jonathan A. G.
Published: November 2024

Polymicrobial communities inhabit the cystic fibrosis (CF) airway, whereby microbial interactions can occur. One prominent CF pathogen is Mycobacterium abscessus, whose treatment is largely unsuccessful. This creates a need to discover novel antimicrobial agents to treat M. abscessus, however the methods used within antibiotic discovery are typically monomicrobial. This review will discuss this pathogen whilst considering the CF polymicrobial environment, to highlight future perspectives to improve M. abscessus drug discovery.
Real-time monitoring of vancomycin using a split-aptamer surface plasmon resonance biosensor
Authors: Santa Cátia , Park Soohyun , Gejt Artur , Clark Heather A. , Hengerer Bastian , Sergelen Khulan
Published: November 2024

The split-aptamer assay exploits the balance between aptamer affinity and structure for real-time monitoring of vancomycin on SPR. Further optimization improved sensitivity, while retaining repeatability under physiologically relevant conditions.
Rational engineering of an antimalarial peptide with enhanced proteolytic stability and preserved parasite invasion inhibitory activity
Authors: Kar Abhisek , Narayan Akash , Malik Vishal , Mandal Kalyaneswar
Published: November 2024

Chemical peptide engineering with d-amino acids, added disulfide bonds, and covalent stitching improved a chimeric peptide's plasma stability while preserving target affinity, marking a significant advance in therapeutic peptide engineering.
Sustainably transforming biomass into advanced carbon materials for solid-state supercapacitors: a review
Authors: Fan Ruibo , Xue Beichen , Tian Pengfei , Zhang Xuesong , Yuan Xiangzhou , Zhang Huiyan
Published: November 2024

Biomass-derived carbon materials (BDCMs) are considered as promising and practical electrode materials for solid-state supercapacitors (SSCs), which are beneficial to achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals 7, 11-13.
Living plant-assisted recycling of nano gold into Murray porous carbon electrode materials
Authors: Li Jinling , Wu Qianghong , Zeng Huanzhong , Zou Rong , Niu Jianzhou , Chen Junlong , Liu Hongjun , Ran Fen
Published: November 2024

Based on the enrichment potential of living plants for nanoparticles, this paper develops a new strategy to utilize Murray's law in plants to remove various shapes of gold nanoparticles and, in situ, convert them into Murray porous carbon.
Mass-tagged aminated probes for rapid discovery of azaphilic natural products in fungal crude extracts
Authors: Flon Victor , Pavesi Coralie , Oger Samuel , Leleu Stéphane , Retailleau Pascal , Jennings Laurence K. , Prado Soizic , Franck Xavier
Published: November 2024

Aminated probe addition to fungal crude extract allows building molecular networks where captured compounds of different families are gathered together.
Bright colloidal gallium-doped CuInS2 quantum dots for luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Chen Haoran , Xu Zhipeng , Shi Zhijun , Zhao Fenghuan , Cao Lixin , Dong Bohua , Xia Chenghui
Published: November 2024

Bright and stable CuInS2 quantum dots synthesized via Ga3+ doping combined with ZnS shelling and their use for luminescent solar concentrators. The device exhibits good transparency and a power conversion efficiency reaching 3.87%.
Localized high probe density greatly improves the signaling stability of supramolecular electrochemical aptamer-based (Supra-EAB) sensors
Authors: Li Shaoguang , Miao Siyuan , Chen Ming , Zhang Yaqi , Li Hui , Xia Fan
Published: November 2024

We developed a series of supramolecular electrochemical aptamer-based (Supra-EAB) sensors with varied DNA probe strands, and observed that sensors with high density exhibited stronger signals as well as greater stability against nuclease enzymes.
Insights into the electronic structure of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: soft X-ray study of fenoprofen, ketoprofen and methyl salicylate in the gas phase
Authors: Sa’adeh Hanan , Maris Assimo , Prince Kevin C. , Plekan Oksana , Grazioli Cesare , Coreno Marcello , Richter Robert
Published: November 2024

The electronic structure of the NSAIDs methyl salicylate, fenoprofen and ketoprofen has been studied by photoelectron and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, supported by theoretical calculations of the molecular and electronic structure.
Early-stage oxidation and subsequent damage of the used nuclear fuel extractant TODGA; electron pulse radiolysis and theoretical insights
Authors: Deokar Rupali G. , Cook Andrew R.
Published: November 2024

Radiolytically generated solvent holes (Dodecane˙+) mostly attach faster than 10 ps to the extractant molecule TODGA, followed by rapid degradation of TODGA˙+ in competition with hole transfer to low IP indicators.
Nanoscopic spontaneous poration as a precursor to protein-based transport in early protocells
Authors: Chu Tai-You , Lee Chia-Hsuan , Vo Minh Thuy , Liau Ian
Published: November 2024

Nanoscopic transient pores in phospholipid membranes facilitate nutrient exchange in early protocells, offering a potential pre-protein mechanism for sustaining metabolism and enabling molecular transport while maintaining membrane integrity.
Metal–organic framework-based hybrids with photon upconversion
Authors: Chen Xiaokai , Zhang Xiaodong , Zhao Yanli
Published: November 2024

This review discusses the research advancements of upconverting metal–organic framework (MOF)-based hybrids, focusing on their design strategies, classifications, luminescence mechanisms, properties, and diverse applications.
Sustainable fabrication of NiCuFe2O4 nanospheres: a highly effective palladium-free heterogeneous catalyst for biaryl scaffold synthesis via a Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction
Authors: Chetia Tikendrajit , Kalita Amar Jyoti , Suleman Aquif , Chetia Bolin
Published: November 2024

Herein, a Pd-free and recyclable NiCuFe2O4 nanoparticles with hierarchical nanosphere architecture, magnetically well-separable and stable, demonstrates excellent catalytic activity in Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.
Promoting the growth of rice and reducing the accumulation of Cd in rice by pig bedding derived carbon dots (PBCDs) under Cd stress
Authors: He Tianlian , Hao Xingyu , Chen Ying , Li Zhenguo , Zheng Xinyu , Yang Mingwei , Wang YuLin , Gu Chengzhen , Ye Jianghua , Wang Haibin
Published: November 2024

PBCDs enhance antioxidant enzyme activities in rice, mitigating the impact of Cd on photosynthesis, reducing MDA levels. Resulting in lower Cd levels in leaves and stems and alleviating growth inhibition.
A simple, efficient and selective catalyst for closed-loop recycling of PEF in situ towards a circular materials economy approach
Authors: Wu Shaowei , Li Lu , Song Lei , Zhou Guannan , Liu Lixin , Kang Hailan , Zhou Guangyuan , Wang Rui
Published: November 2024

Oxygen vacancy density-tunable γ-Ga2O3 enables seamless recycling of biologically derived poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF) from polymerization to de-polymerization and re-polymerization.
Remove hydrogen and store it too: an acid-in-clay based electro-chemical solution
Authors: Kim Kyung-Shik , Park Jin-Sung , Yoon Young-Chul , Kim Jinwoo , Li Ju , Yildiz Bilge , Tasan Cemal Cem
Published: November 2024

Extracting hydrogen from metallic components can open up a new pathway for preventing hydrogen embrittlement.
Manganese-based metal–organic frameworks with oxidase properties break the temperature limitation of nano enzymes for glutathione detection
Authors: Zhao Xujuan , Sun Xiaojie , Lv Jinzhi , Miao Yanming
Published: November 2024

This study presents a manganese-based metal–organic framework (Mn/BTC-MOF) with excellent oxidase-like activity at 0–50 °C, can achieve colorimetric detection of glutathione in serum over a wide temperature range.
Strategies for synthesizing meta-substituted phenols and phenyl ethers: overcoming the ortho–para positioning challenge in benzene rings
Authors: Jiang Dahong , Liang Quanfeng , Fan Fang
Published: November 2024

Recent research progress concerning the synthetic methods of meta-substituted phenols and phenyl ethers is reviewed, as well as the associated reaction mechanisms and applications in drug preparation.
Chemical diversity of cyanobacterial natural products
Authors: Weiss Márcio B. , Borges Ricardo M. , Sullivan Peter , Domingues João P. B. , da Silva Francisco H. S. , Trindade Victória G. S. , Luo Shangwen , Orjala Jimmy , Crnkovic Camila M.
Published: November 2024

This review article covers 995 natural products of cyanobacterial origin reported from 2010 to 2023. Compounds were analyzed using similarity networking to gain insights into their chemical diversity.
Lanthanide luminescent di-metallic triple-stranded helicates formed from bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) ligands and their higher order self-assemblies
Authors: Barry Dawn E. , Kotova Oxana , O’Shea Niamh A. , Donohoe Shauna R. , Savyasachi Aramballi J. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur
Published: November 2024

The bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) ligands 1 and 2 were used in the formation of the luminescent di-metallic Tb(iii) triple stranded helicates 3 and 4 (L3Tb2; L = 1 or 2).
ortho-Allylation of anilines with vinylaziridines in hexafluoroisopropanol
Authors: Nie Jing-Jing , Wang Zhong-Xia
Published: November 2024

Reaction of N,N-dialkylanilines with 2-vinylaziridines in hexafluoroisopropanol affords 2-monoallylated anilines with (E)-configured C–C double bonds.
Overcoming bottlenecks towards complete biocatalytic conversions and complete product recovery
Authors: Wohlgemuth Roland
Published: November 2024

Sustainable processes by completing biocatalytic conversions and recovering products completely.
Visualizing fiber end geometry effects on stress distribution in composites using mechanophores
Authors: Haque Nazmul , Chang Hao Chun , Chang Chia-Chih , Davis Chelsea S.
Published: November 2024

Stress quantification can be observed during single fiber pull-out test in a polymer matrix composite with stress sensing molecules.
Inorganic solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium/sodium-ion batteries: recent developments and applications
Authors: Muzakir Muhammad , Manickavasakam Karnan , Cheng Eric Jianfeng , Yang Fangling , Wang Ziyun , Li Hao , Zhang Xinyu , Qin Jiaqian
Published: November 2024

This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in preparation techniques and electrolyte engineering. It also discusses the integration of both single- and multi-phase electrolytes in ASSBs and future research potentials.
Gold nanostars and nanourchins for enhanced photothermal therapy, bioimaging, and theranostics
Authors: Delgado-Corrales Beverly Jazmine , Chopra Vianni , Chauhan Gaurav
Published: November 2024

Gold nanostars and nanourchins enhance photothermal therapy (PTT), an emerging tumor treatment that uses hyperthermia generated by photo-absorbing materials to eradicate cancer cells, while also enabling bioimaging and theranostic applications.
Experimental and computational techniques to investigate the protein resistance of zwitterionic polymers
Authors: Lu Mengyu , Cheng Nan
Published: November 2024

Zwitterionic polymers exhibit exceptional protein resistance due to their hydration layer. Both experimental and computational techniques offer insights into the hydration effect and underlying mechanisms.
Solution-processable benzothiadiazole/triphenylamine-based hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) hyper-structured molecular red emitters for OLEDs
Authors: Yin Xiaoyu , Pu Junrong , Ma Chen , Wu Yi , Wang Kunlun , Liu Yingliang , Cao Shaokui , Su Shi-Jian , Xu Shengang
Published: November 2024

A hyper-structured molecular HLCT red emitter CRA–MTBP(8)–mCP(0)-based non-doped device emitted red light with an EL emission peak at 651 nm, an EQEmax of 1.35% with low roll-off and a Lmax of 2831 cd m−2.
Measurements and simulations of rate coefficients for the deuterated forms of the H2+ + H2 and H3+ + H2 reactive systems at low temperature
Authors: Jiménez-Redondo Miguel , Sipilä Olli , Jusko Pavol , Caselli Paola
Published: November 2024

The rate coefficients of various isotopic variations of the H2+ + H2 and H3+ + H2 reactions in the 10–250 K temperature range were measured using a cryogenic 22 pole radio frequency ion trap. The processes involving diatomic ions were found to behave close to the Langevin rate, whereas temperature-dependent rate coefficients were obtained for the four isotopic exchange processes with triatomic ions. Fitting the experimental data using a chemical code allowed us in specific cases to constrain rate coefficients that were not directly measured in the ion trap. The reported rate coefficients suggest a more efficient hydrogenation of deuterated H3+ forms than usually assumed in astrochemical models, which might affect deuteration rates in warmer environments.
Main sequence dynamo magnetic fields emerging in the white dwarf phase
Authors: Camisassa M. , Fuentes J. R. , Schreiber M. R. , Rebassa-Mansergas A. , Torres S. , Raddi R. , Dominguez I.
Published: November 2024

Recent observations of volume-limited samples of magnetic white dwarfs (WD) have revealed a higher incidence of magnetism in older stars. Specifically, these studies indicate that magnetism is more prevalent in WDs with fully or partially crystallized cores than in those with entirely liquid cores. This has led to the recognition of a crystallization-driven dynamo as an important mechanism for explaining magnetism in isolated WDs. However, recent simulations have challenged the capability of this mechanism to generate surface magnetic fields with the typical strengths detected in WDs. In this Letter, we explore an alternative hypothesis for the surface emergence of magnetic fields in isolated WDs. Those with masses ≳0.55 M⊙ are the descendants of main sequence stars with convective cores capable of generating strong dynamo magnetic fields. This idea is supported by asteroseismic evidence of strong magnetic fields buried within the interiors of red giant branch stars. Assuming that these fields are disrupted by subsequent convective zones, we estimated magnetic breakout times for WDs with carbon-oxygen (CO) cores and masses ranging from 0.57 M⊙ to 1.3 M⊙. Due to the significant uncertainties in breakout times stemming from the treatment of convective boundaries and mass-loss rates, we cannot provide a precise prediction for the emergence time of the main sequence dynamo field. However, we can predict that this emergence should occur during the WD phase for those objects with masses ≳0.65 M⊙. We also find that the magnetic breakout is expected to occur earlier in more massive WDs, which is consistent with observations of volume-limited samples and the well-established fact that magnetic WDs tend to be more massive than non-magnetic ones. Moreover, within the uncertainties of stellar evolutionary models, we find that the emergence of main sequence dynamo magnetic fields can account for a significant portion of the magnetic WDs. Additionally, we estimated magnetic breakout times due to crystallization-driven dynamos in CO WDs; our results suggest that this mechanism cannot explain the majority of magnetic WDs.
RETRACTED: Modeling the properties of new potential modifiers of the medium for cryopreservation of fish sperm
Authors: Kolyada Margarita , Pashchenko Konstantin , Osipova Victoria , Abakumova Ekaterina , Velikorodov Anatoly
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Rainbow trout MRC structures
Authors: Golotin Vasily , Dong Xiangli , Rozhkovan Konstantin , Li Jiji , Ye Yingying
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001