bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A head-to-head comparison of the intra- and interobserver agreement of COVID-RADS and CO-RADS grading systems in a population with high estimated prevalence of COVID-19
Authors: Sushentsev Nikita , Bura Vlad , Kotnik Maruša , Shiryaev Grigoriy , Caglic Iztok , Weir-McCall Jonathan , Barrett Tristan
Published: September 2020

Objective:

To evaluate the inter- and intraobserver agreement of COVID-RADS and CO-RADS reporting systems among differently experienced radiologists in a population with high estimated prevalence of COVID-19.

Methods and materials:

Chest CT scans of patients with clinically–epidemiologically diagnosed COVID-19 were retrieved from an open-source MosMedData data set, randomised, and independently assigned COVID-RADS and CO-RADS grades by an abdominal radiology fellow, thoracic imaging fellow and a consultant cardiothoracic radiologist. The inter- and intraobserver agreement of the two systems were assessed using the Fleiss’ and Cohen’s κ coefficients, respectively.

Results:

A total of 200 studies were included in the analysis. Both systems demonstrated moderate interobserver agreement, with κ values of 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46–0.56] and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.50–0.59) for COVID-RADS and CO-RADS, respectively. When COVID-RADS and CO-RADS grades were dichotomised at cut-off values of 2B and 4 to evaluate the agreement between grades representing different levels of clinical suspicion for COVID-19, the interobserver agreement became substantial with κ values of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66–0.82) for COVID-RADS and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.65–0.81) for CO-RADS. The median intraobserver agreement was considerably higher for CO-RADS reaching 0.81 (95% CI: 0.43–0.76) compared with 0.60 (95% CI: 0.43–0.76) of COVID-RADS.

Conclusions:

COVID-RADS and CO-RADS showed comparable interobserver agreement, which was moderate when grades were compared head-to-head and substantial when grades were dichotomised to better reflect the underlying levels of suspicion for COVID-19. The median intraobserver agreement of CO-RADS was, however, considerably higher compared with COVID-RADS.

Advances in knowledge:

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the newly introduced COVID-19 chest CT reporting systems, which will help radiologists of all sub-specialties and experience levels make an informed decision on which system to use in their own practice.
Whole blood genome-wide transcriptome profiling and metagenomics next-generation sequencing in young infants with suspected sepsis in low-and middle-income countries: A study protocol
Authors: Popescu Constantin R. , Tembo Bentry , Chifisi Rhoda , Cavanagh Miranda M.M. , Lee Amy Huei-Yi , Chiluzi Blessings , Ciccone Emily J. , Tegha Gerald , Alonso-Prieto Esther , Claydon Jennifer , Dunsmuir Dustin , Irvine Mike , Dumont Guy , Ansermino J. Mark , Wiens Matthew O. , Juliano Jonathan J. , Kissoon Niranjan , Mvalo Tisungane , Lufesi Norman , Chiume-Kayuni Msandeni , Lavoie Pascal M.
Published: September 2020

Conducting collaborative and comprehensive epidemiological research on neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is challenging due to a lack of diagnostic tests. This prospective study protocol aims to obtain epidemiological data on bacterial sepsis in newborns and young infants at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. The main goal is to determine if the use of whole blood transcriptome host immune response signatures can help in the identification of infants who have sepsis of bacterial causes. The protocol includes a detailed clinical assessment with vital sign measurements, strict aseptic blood culture protocol with state-of-the-art microbial analyses and RNA-sequencing and metagenomics evaluations of host responses and pathogens, respectively. We also discuss the directions of a brief analysis plan for RNA sequencing data. This study will provide robust epidemiological data for sepsis in neonates and young infants in a setting where sepsis confers an inordinate burden of disease.
Why the Patient-Made Term 'Long Covid' is needed
Authors: Perego Elisa , Callard Felicity , Stras Laurie , Melville-Jóhannesson Barbara , Pope Rachel , Alwan Nisreen A.
Published: September 2020

The patient-made term ‘Long Covid’ is, we argue, a helpful and capacious term that is needed to address key medical, epidemiological and socio-political challenges posed by diverse symptoms persisting beyond four weeks after symptom onset suggestive of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). An international movement of patients (which includes all six authors) brought the persistence and heterogeneity of long-term symptoms to widespread visibility. The same grassroots movement introduced the term ‘Long Covid’ (and the cognate term ‘long-haulers’) to intervene in relation to widespread assumptions about disease severity and duration. Persistent symptoms following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are now one of the most pressing clinical and public health phenomena to address: their cause(s) is/are unknown, their effects can be debilitating, and the percentage of patients affected is unclear, though likely significant. The term ‘Long Covid’ is now used in scientific literature, the media, and in interactions with the WHO. Uncertainty regarding its value and meaning, however, remains. In this Open Letter, we explain the advantages of the term ‘Long Covid’ and bring clarity to some pressing issues of use and definition. We also point to the importance of centring patient experience and expertise in relation to ‘Long Covid’ research, as well as the provision of care and rehabilitation.
Pricing Analytics for Rotable Spare Parts
Authors: Besbes Omar , Elmachtoub Adam N. , Sun Yunjie
Published: September 2020

The authors developed a comprehensive approach to pricing analytics for rotable spare parts (i.e., parts that can be repaired and resold repeatedly). They describe a large-scale implementation of their approach, which resulted in a profit improvement of more than 3.9% over a 10-month period for their industry partner, a major aircraft manufacturer.
Introduction: 2019 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in the Practice of Advanced Analytics and Operations Research
Authors: Helander Mary , Labe Russell P.
Published: September 2020

Competition for the 2019 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in the Practice of Advanced Analytics and Operations Research provided the five finalist papers featured in this special issue of the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics (IJAA). The prestigious Wagner Prize—awarded for achievement in implemented operations research, management science, and advanced analytics—emphasizes quality and originality of mathematical models and clarity of written and oral exposition. This year’s winning application is a ride-dispatching solution that the Chinese ride service DiDi developed to match ride requests to available drivers. The model uses a Markov decision process along with machine learning to optimize the assignments, resulting in improved response rates, fulfillment rates, and driver income. The remaining papers include an optimization model that generates daily tutoring schedules for students and teachers at Hopeful Journeys, a school for children with disabilities; integer programming models to develop bus-route assignments for the Denver Public Schools; a novel pricing methodology, in the context of limited historical data, for reusable spare parts; and a machine learning approach to improve airline passenger flows through London’s Heathrow airport.
Enterocutaneous fistula from migration of hepatic artery infusion catheter
Authors: Hew N , Ng ZQ , Cover J
Published: September 2020

We present an 84-year-old man with erosion of the chemotherapy port on his chest wall. He had a history of colorectal cancer with liver metastases more than 20 years ago, when he underwent right hemicolectomy and liver resection. A hepatic artery infusion catheter was placed for targeted administration of chemotherapy for the liver metastases. Imaging showed the catheter had migrated into the small bowel lumen. We considered the best approach for removing the migrated catheter – either remove the catheter and accept the likelihood of a low-volume enterocutaneous fistula that may self-resolve, or explore the enterocutaneous tract with a view to small bowel resection. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages here.
Combined endovascular and surgical approaches to treat intralobar pulmonary sequestration: a case report
Authors: Wang L , Balasubramanian S , Jackson R , Agrawal D
Published: September 2020

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital abnormality of a non-functional pulmonary mass with anomalous systemic arterial supply. Surgical resection is the gold standard treatment, but it carries a risk of life-threatening haemorrhage from accidental injury of the anomalous artery. Endovascular embolisation has been introduced as a safe alternative, but does not eliminate the possibility of symptom recurrence. We report a case of a 61-year old woman with intralobar pulmonary sequestration treated with a combination of endovascular coil embolisation and surgical resection.
Ultrastructure and hemodynamics of microaneurysms in retinal vein occlusion examined by an offset pinhole adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope
Authors: Kadomoto Shin , Muraoka Yuki , Uji Akihito , Tamiya Ryosuke , Ooto Sotaro , Murakami Tomoaki , Oritani Yasuyuki , Kawai Kentaro , Tsujikawa Akitaka
Published: September 2020

Retinal microaneurysms (MAs) associated with retinal vein occlusions often cause macular edema due to vascular leakage from the MAs, which can lead to severe vision loss. However, studies using conventional imaging modalities have not shown a significant association between MAs and retinal functional changes. The recent technological advancements to the adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) have enabled real-time observation of the human retinal microvasculature. Additionally, offsetting the confocal aperture in the AOSLO enables the blocking of specular reflection from the inner retina and the enhancement of the image contrast of the retinal capillaries. This study investigated the ultrastructure and hemodynamics of MAs examined by structural images and perfusion maps of the offset pinhole AOSLO and evaluated their associations with vascular leakage on fluorescein angiography. Our results show the diverse configurations of the MAs, some of which are occasionally accompanied by a cap structure on the aneurysmal surface. Moreover, the morphological and hemodynamic changes were significantly associated with vascular leakage.
Exact equations to measure highly aberrated wavefronts with the Hartmann test
Authors: Huerta-Carranza Oliver , Díaz-Uribe Rufino , Avendaño-Alejo Maximino
Published: September 2020

An exact vector expression for the deformations of a wavefront from any chosen reference surface, as a function of the directions of the real and reference rays, is deduced. It can be used with slope measuring test methods, such as Hartmann or Ronchi tests, but the need for a spherical reference is removed. We present simulated and experimental results to show the feasibility of this proposal.
Distributed coherent microwave photonic radar with a high-precision fiber-optic time and frequency network
Authors: Wang Haojie , Li Shangyuan , Xue Xiaoxiao , Xiao Xuedi , Zheng Xiaoping
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a distributed aperture coherent microwave photonic radar (DCMPR) system by means of a high-precision fiber-optic time-frequency synchronization network (OTFSN). The microwave photonic radar units distributed at different geographic locations are connected with the fiber network. Meanwhile, the time and frequency reference of the central controlling station are stably transferred over the fiber network to each radar unit, of which transmit and receive times are synchronized by the reference signal to cohere the multiple radar apertures. Experimentally, we demonstrate a two-unit DCMPR system with a 12-km OTFSN, where both radar units are operated in X-band and with a bandwidth of 4 GHz. Through the OTFSN, the time difference of the transmitted waveforms at the two radar units can be maintained within about 26 ps. When full coherence on transmit and receive is achieved, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be increased by about 8.1 dB and 7.9 dB respectively for two unit radars. Moreover, three radar reflectors are clearly imaged and probed by utilizing the mutually coherent operation, yet they are not be detectable by the single radar case.
3D porous graphene-assisted capsulized cholesteric liquid crystals for terahertz power visualization
Authors: Wang Lei , Xiao Ruiwen , Yang Shengxin , Qiu Hongsong , Shen Zhixiong , Lv Peng , Zhang Caihong , Hu Wei , Nakajima Makoto , Jin Biaobing , Lu Yanqing
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate a high-efficiency visualized terahertz (THz) power meter based on the THz-photothermochromism of capsulized cholesteric liquid crystals (CCLCs) embedded in three-dimensional porous graphene (3DPG). The graphene is a broadband perfect absorber for THz radiation and transfers heat efficiently, and its black background is beneficial for color measurement. Quantitative visualization of THz intensity up to

2.8
×

10
2

m
W

/

c

m

2

is presented. The minimal detectable THz power is 0.009 mW. With multi-microcapsule analysis, the relationship between THz power and the average hue value of CCLCs achieves linearity. The device can convert THz radiation to visible light and is lightweight, cheap, and easy to use.
Coherent beam combining of multipass thin-disk lasers with active phase control
Authors: Zwilich Michael , Ewers Benjamin
Published: September 2020

Coherent beam combining and the development of thin-disk lasers have provided the ability to increase the output power of solid-state laser systems. Here, coherent beam combining by active phase control of one multipass thin-disk laser amplifier and one similar multipass setup is demonstrated with powers below 100 mW. Piston phase disturbances are measured via optical heterodyne detection and compensated for by piezo mirrors. For one double pass over the disk, a root mean square phase error of λ/69 was achieved. Mechanical vibrations < 5 kHz inside the multipass setup caused by the water cooling of the disk are the main source of phase noise. Thermal effects by the pumping diodes with 1 kW of optical power are negligible.
Endoscopia del sueño mediante sedación inducida por fármacos o somnoscopia
Authors: Santos-Gorjón Pablo , Sánchez-jara Sánchez Juan Luis , Martín-Hernández Gonzalo , Morales-Martín Ana Cristina , Intraprendente-Martini Jean Franco , Chaves-Araújo Rosalyn , Racines-Alava Erwin Alejandro , León-Ramos Angélica María
Published: September 2020

Introducción y objetivos: La somnoscopia es una herramienta diagnóstica para valorar las posibles obstrucciones de la vía aérea superior responsables del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño (SAHS). Nuestro objetivo de es mostrar nuestra experiencia con somnoscopia o DISE (endoscopia mediante sedación inducida por fármacos) en candidatos a cirugía por una patología obstructiva de vía aerodigestiva superior. Material y métodos Presentamos un estudio retrospectivo de 17 pacientes de los que se excluyen finalmente 2. La edad de los pacientes varió de 34 a 72 años. Se practica polisomnografía previa y el IAH medio fue 7,32±8,71. Discusión y conclusión: La DISE es una técnica segura, reproducible y aplicable en cualquier servicio de ORL. Así mismo, permite individualizar el tratamiento quirúrgico y probablemente evitar cirugías innecesarias.
Toma de muestras nasofaríngeas para diagnóstico de COVID-19
Authors: Morales-Angulo Carmelo , González-Zubizarreta Rocío , Martín-Toca Gema , Ramírez-Bonilla Almudena , Gonzalo-Margüello Mónica , Rodríguez-Fernández Ana
Published: September 2020

RESUMEN Introducción y objetivo: La prueba de diagnóstico directo del COVID-19 de mayor sensibilidad es la toma de muestras de nasofaringe mediante un hisopo para estudio posterior mediante RT-PCR. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es exponer pormenoriza-damente la forma más adecuada de realizar dicha técnica. Método: Descripción de los diferentes pasos necesarios para la toma de muestras nasofaríngeas en pacientes con COVID-19. Resultados: Los pasos a tener en cuenta son: 1. Previamente se des-carta que no existan contraindicaciones para la toma de muestra. 2.Etiquetado de la muestra y preparación del volante de petición. 3. Colocación de EPI según los están-dares de la institución en la que se trabaja. 4. Explicación al paciente del proceso a realizar. 5. Técnica para la toma de muestra nasofaríngea 6. Retirada del EPI. 7. Mani-pulación y transporte de la muestra al laboratorio. Discusión/Conclusiones: Dado que la sensibilidad de las muestras nasofaríngeas para diagnóstico de COVID-19 depen-de en gran parte de una adecuada técnica, es muy importante la formación adecuada del personal implicado en la recogida de esta. La persona formada a tal efecto debe conocer el objetivo claro de la misma, como se debe poner y quitar el EPI, conocer cómo se realiza la técnica y como se manipula la muestra.
Effect of pH and volume in the hatching of resistance cysts of the species Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921 (Crustacea, Anostraca)
Authors: Melo Nunes Astolfi Angelica Christina , Alves Ferreira Maria Gabriela , D'ávalos Centurião Thaynara , Marques Castro de Oliveira Bruno Leonardo , Da Silva William Marcos
Published: September 2020

Branchoneta is an option as live food for aquaculture and it is necessary to develop more studies to get information that makes possible its culture on a large scale. Our aim was to establish a method that results in a higher percentage hatching of D. brasiliensis. We analyzed if the cyst density could cause any significant difference in hatching; for that test we use 2 different conditions: (I) 15 ml glass tube (T1, T2, and T3) with 25 (twenty-five) cysts/repetition; and (II)Â  Erlenmeyer of 150 ml (T4, T5, and T6) with 25 cysts/repetition totaling 75 cysts/treatment, with triplicates to all treatments. We also tested 3 different pH conditions: acid (pH 3), neutral (pH~7/distilled water) and alkaline (pH 8), all in natural light and temperature. We conclude that there is no difference between the treatments, for none of the conditions tested. But other results have to be considered as Hatching Speed index and the Average Hatching Time with best results for the treatments T3, T1, and T2, respectively. The density of 0.6 ml/cyst (glass tube) resulted in faster hatching, which shows the necessity of further studies to analyze the speed of hatching under different conditions of density. The relative frequency showed that the hatchings peak occurs in the second day. We conclude that pH and density, in this study, not influenced the beginning of the hatching process.
Análise da paisagem e do uso e cobertura das terras no nordeste brasileiro, litoral semiárido
Authors: Barbosa Wellynne Carla de Sousa , Valladares Gustavo Souza
Published: September 2020

A presente pesquisa busca fazer o levantamento das mudanças acontecidas na evolução da cobertura do solo no município de Cajueiro da Praia, Piauí, no período de 2000 e 2015, utilizando-se de técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto e Geoprocessamento. Foi feita a classificação supervisionada de imagens LANDSAT 8 e LANDSAT 5, instrumentos imageadores OLI/TIRS e TM respectivamente, anos de 2015 e 2000, através do método Maxver, processadas no software Arcgis 10.2, possibilitaram a produção dos mapas de uso e cobertura e a dinâmica da cobertura das terras. A análise identificou nove classes de uso e cobertura das terras, que demonstraram alterações observadas a partir da dinâmica entre as duas datas. A análise destes dados, juntamente com dados socioeconômicos dos censos e pesquisas realizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE mostrou um contexto de mudanças do uso e cobertura das terras, com um crescimento da área urbana, a diminuição da área de mangue e o aumento dos corpos hídricos do município. A mudança no quantitativo da população do município ocorre perceptivelmente em sua área litorânea, o aumento dos corpos hídricos se dá especialmente devido ao crescimento de tanques de carcinicultura. As questões da legislação ambiental são fatores que podem explicar a recuperação de algumas áreas de vegetação, assim como seu descumprimento explica a perda de outras, como a vegetação de mangue, o qual foi observado ao longo do trabalho.
Bit Manipulation: Conditional Statement using Bit-wise operators with C++
Authors: Nafi'ah Rahmawati , Kurniawan Wakhid , Setiawan Johan , Umam Khoirul
Published: September 2020

All of information that manipulated by a computer is represented in the form of bits, so in the programming language it is necessary to understand bitwise operations at the first. This paper aims to create a concept of making Conditional Statements with Bitwise operators in C ++. By doing so, we hope that people is easy to understand  the operation behind conditional statements. A conditional operator is also known as a ternary operator. It takes three operands. A conditional operator is closely related with if else statement. The method used is a literature study studying the bit manipulation algorithm in the C ++ language. The results obtained are a function using bitwise operations in C ++ that implement conditional statements.
Krajina jako atmosféra. Co mě nasila Jarka Janáčková
Authors: JEDLIČKOVÁ Alice
Published: September 2020

Literární historička Jaroslava Janáčková zkoumá českou literaturu 19. století již řadu desetiletí. Se záměrem ocenit u příležitosti jejích narozenin její podstatný přínos k poznání tohoto období a vývoje poetiky prózy shrnuje autorka příspěvku některé klíčové přístupy v bádání Jaroslavy Janáčkové a následně je uplatňuje v analýze románu Aloise Jiráska, na jehož dílo se jubilantka soustředila hlavně v osmdesátých letech.
Genesis of Czech Decadence and Symbolism Towards Theurgy
Authors: VOREL Jan
Published: September 2020

The article is focused mainly on metamorphoses of aesthetic-philosophical approaches of the most important representatives of Czech literature at the end of 19th and beginning of 20th century whose work presents gradual heading for modern art, from decadent to symbolist focus using an aesthetic theory of Russian philosopher Vladimir Solovjov based on theurgic substance of art.
Zbořil v budovatelském románu: několik poznámek ke stylu a žánrové charakteristice »Slaného sněhu« Miroslava Rafaje
Authors: TICHY Ondřej
Published: September 2020

Studie se zabývá románem Slaný sníh ostravského regionálního autora Miroslava Rafaje, který je řazen do kontextu normalizační budovatelské literatury. Rozbor se soustřeďuje na žánrové aspekty díla, jeho postavy, časoprostor a ladění. Vedle literárněvědné analýzy bude využito i hlediska onomastického. Cílem článku je pou- kázat na specifičnost i typičnost románu v rámci dobové tvorby a stimulovat zájem o výzkum beletrie podobného zaměření.
The notional and pragmatic components of literal, figurative, and/or transferred meaning of phrasemes
Authors: KŘIVANCOVÁ Michaela
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the notional and pragmatic components of the meaning of the Czech phrasemes containing names of fairy-tale creatures. We do not aim for exhaustive evidence of phrasemes from thematic unit Names of fairy-tale creatures, but we are trying to prove on a few concrete examples that phrasemes 1) can solely convey literal meanings (either notional or pragmatic, or both notional and pragmatic), or, 2) in addition to verbatim meaning, they can also acquire figurative and/or transferred meaning (namely notional, or pragmatic, or both national and pragmatic concurently). In this paper, we prove that the traditionally postulated concept of Czech phraseology does not apply, namely that each phrasemes is represented by both (a notional and a pragmatic) component of meaning. On the contrary, it appears that some phraseological units can only be of notional significance, other phrasemes can only have pragmatic significance.
Critical appraisal and meta-analysis of biological variation estimates for kidney related analytes
Authors: Jonker Niels , Aslan Berna , Boned Beatriz , Marqués-García Fernando , Ricós Carmen , Alvarez Virtudes , Bartlett William , Braga Federica , Carobene Anna , Coskun Abdurrahman , Diaz-Garzón Jorge , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Gonzalez-Lao Elisabet , Minchinela Joana , Perich Carmen , Simón Margarita , Sandberg Sverre , Aarsand Aasne K.
Published: September 2020

Objectives

Kidney markers are some of the most frequently used laboratory tests in patient care, and correct clinical decision making depends upon knowledge and correct application of biological variation (BV) data. The aim of this study was to review available BV data and to provide updated BV estimates for the following kidney markers in serum and plasma; albumin, creatinine, cystatin C, chloride, potassium, sodium and urea.

Content

Relevant studies were identified from a historical BV database as well as by systematic literature searches. Retrieved publications were appraised by the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC). Meta-analyses of BIVAC compliant studies with similar design were performed to deliver global estimates of within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) BV estimates. Out of the 61 identified papers, three received a BIVAC grade A, four grade B, 48 grade C, five grade D grade and one was not appraised as it did not report numerical BV estimates. Most studies were identified for creatinine (n=48). BV estimates derived from the meta-analysis were in general lower than previously reported estimates for all analytes except urea. For some measurands, BV estimates may be influenced by age or states of health, but further data are required.

This review provides updated global BV estimates for kidney related measurands. For all measurands except for urea, these estimates were lower than previously reported.

Outlook

For the measurands analyzed in this review, there are sufficient well-designed studies available to publish a trustworthy estimate of BV. However, for a number of newly appearing kidney markers no suitable data is available and additional studies are required.
MALDI-TOF MS profiling in the discovery and identification of salivary proteomic patterns of temporomandibular joint disorders
Authors: Laputková Galina , Talian Ivan , Schwartzová Vladimíra , Schwartzová Zuzana
Published: September 2020

This research aimed to identify differences in polypeptide/protein profiles of the unstimulated whole saliva between patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) and healthy individuals. A fraction of the polypeptides/proteins (<30 kDa) was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The spectra were recovered from methanoic acid/acetonitrile salivary samples overlaid with an α-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid matrix in positive linear mode at an interval of 1,500–20,000 m/zmass acquisition range. The data were analyzed for the selection of characteristic peaks by using the ClinProTools 3.0 software. Discriminative classification models were generated by using a quick classifier, supervised neural network, and genetic algorithms. From the 23 peaks exhibiting the highest discriminatory power, the ten top-scored peaks with the area under the receiver operating characteristic >0.8 were selected. A panel of salivary markers that predicted the patients with TMDs was selected (2728.0, 4530.2, 5174.2, 5193.3, 6303.4, 6886.7, 8141.7, 8948.7, 10663.2, 10823.7 and 11009.0 m/z). Although carried out on relatively small datasets, the classification algorithm used in this study allows the differentiation between salivary samples from subjects with TMDs and healthy individuals and confirms the usefulness of a proteomic profiling approach in the monitoring of the disease.
„Bach in die Synagogen!“. Erlösende Noten in Franz Rosenzweig
Authors: Bertolino Luca
Published: September 2020

Starting with theoretical considerations on redemption in Rosenzweig’s Der Stern der Erlösung, this paper highlights the connection between redemption and choral form in Church music (e.g. in Bach’s Passions and in musical mass). Therefore, according to Rosenzweig, one can clearly distinguish between sacred/religious (geistlich) and spiritual/intellectual (geistig) music. Rosenzweig also writes about renewing Jewish worship through Bach’s vocal music, but we are given scant hints about this. “Bach in die Synagogen!” is nevertheless important, not only as an example for interreligious dialogue, but above all as an invitation to think about redemption in the postmodern condition.
Breeding farmer and consumer preferred sweetpotatoes using accelerated breeding scheme and mother–baby trials
Authors: Baafi Ernest , Akom Mavis , Agyeman Adelaide , Darko Cynthia , Carey Ted
Published: September 2020

Increased sweetpotato utilization has become an important breeding objective recently, with much emphasis on the development of non-sweet sweetpotatoes for income and food security in Ghana. The objective of this study was to evaluate 26 elite non-sweet and less sweet sweetpotato genotypes with regard to their release as commercial varieties using mother–baby trial. The 26 sweetpotato genotypes were tested multilocational on-farm across five ecozones from 2016 to 2017. These genotypes were selected from accelerated breeding scheme carried out from 2010 to 2013. There were no year-by-ecozone-by-genotype and year-by-ecozone interactions. However, ecozone-by-genotype interaction was significant for storage root dry matter, beta-carotene, iron and zinc content. This implies that the relative performance of the genotypes for storage root yield was stable across locations and years. Genotypic differences were found for all the traits and indicated that selection of superior genotypes across ecozone was possible. Storage root yield ranged from 7 t/ha to 39 t/ha, while dry matter content ranged from 34% to 46%. The storage root cooking quality preference was comparable with farmers’ check. Ten superior genotypes were identified for release as commercial varieties based on their staple-preferred taste, higher storage root yield, higher dry matter content, earliness, resistance to the sweetpotato virus, sweetpotato weevil andAlcidodes.
Curative or beauty treatment? Language and manipulation in leaflets of medical devices
Authors: Zyga Magdalena
Published: September 2020

The aim of the paper is to examine the mechanisms of potential (cognitive) manipulation used in the leaflets of selected medical devices. The assumption is that in the texts under analysis some of the Gricean conversational maxims are violated in an attempt at discursive manipulation or can be perceived as violated by the reader, which is favoured by activation of certain idealized cognitive models (ICMs). For the purposes of the study leaflets of four antifungal medical devices – their English- and German-language versions – are examined. The theoretical basis is mainly centred on the Gricean notion of implicature and the contemporary theory of conceptual metaphor and metonymy. The texts are analysed at relevant sub-tiers (for instance metaphor-metonymy conceptual tier) of particularly the sectional and conceptual tier. The examination of the selected leaflets reveals that the texts evoke certain ICMs whose presence seems to result – in 3 out of 4 leaflets – from, to a large extent, the intention to at least bend some Gricean maxims. Hence, the reader might be under the impression that the product does something that is not explicitly promised.
A contrastive study of engagement resources between English spoken and written texts
Authors: Yang Yang
Published: September 2020

Engagement can be used to describe and explain the various styles or strategies of intersubjective positioning that have been observed operating recurrently within different discourse domains. Based on the engagement system of appraisal framework, this study offers a contrastive analysis of dialogic contraction and dialogic expansion between English spoken and written texts. Thirty TV interviews and 30 news reports, each with a length of 1500–2000 words, were compared in terms of the distribution pattern and the quantitative use of engagement resources. The findings show that the English spoken and written texts are generally different in the distribution pattern of engagement resources. More specifically, in the spoken texts the contractive devices are much more prominent than the expansive devices while in the written texts the expansive devices are used slightly more frequently than the contractive devices. As for the quantitative use, most of the frequencies of dialogic contraction and dialogic expansion in the spoken texts are significantly different from those in the written texts, except endorsement and distance. This study may provide a new perspective for the contrastive study of spoken and written languages. The findings may also provide some pedagogical implications, especially for the teaching and learning of oral and written English.
Creative Labor, Mental Objects and the Modern Theory of Production
Authors: Freeman Alan
Published: September 2020

Recent decades have seen a proliferation of literature on creativity, with no consensus about what it consists of. Chinese and Russian contributions throw new light on these debates because of their concern with economic and human development. By integrating this with the widely-used concept of the “creative industries,” a rigorous concept of creativity rooted in the notion of creative labor is proposed. This can be defined as non-mechanical labor which, in conjunction with Information and Communication Technology (ICT), has produced a mass market in products embodying the use-value of distinctness. The creative industries then emerge as a branch of the division of labor making intensive use of creative labor in combination with mental objects, such as scientific and artistic products. Software, itself a mental object, is an “instrument of mental production” in these industries, helping explain their potential contribution to human development, and the obstacles to this potential imposed by the commodity form.
SPARCL1 Promotes Excitatory But Not Inhibitory Synapse Formation and Function Independent of Neurexins and Neuroligins
Authors: Gan Kathlyn J. , Südhof Thomas C.
Published: September 2020

Emerging evidence supports roles for secreted extracellular matrix proteins in boosting synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, and synaptic plasticity. SPARCL1 (also known as Hevin), a secreted non-neuronal protein, was reported to increase synaptogenesis by simultaneously binding to presynaptic neurexin-1α and to postsynaptic neuroligin-1B, thereby catalyzing formation of trans-synaptic neurexin/neuroligin complexes. However, neurexins and neuroligins do not themselves mediate synaptogenesis, raising the question of how SPARCL1 enhances synapse formation by binding to these molecules. Moreover, it remained unclear whether SPARCL1 acts on all synapses containing neurexins and neuroligins or only on a subset of synapses, and whether it enhances synaptic transmission in addition to boosting synaptogenesis or induces silent synapses. To explore these questions, we examined the synaptic effects of SPARCL1 and their dependence on neurexins and neuroligins. Using mixed neuronal and glial cultures from neonatal mouse cortex of both sexes, we show that SPARCL1 selectively increases excitatory but not inhibitory synapse numbers, enhances excitatory but not inhibitory synaptic transmission, and augments NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses more than AMPAR-mediated synaptic responses. None of these effects were mediated by SPARCL1-binding to neurexins or neuroligins. Neurons from tripleneurexin-1/2/3or from quadrupleneuroligin-1/2/3/4conditional KO mice that lacked all neurexins or all neuroligins were fully responsive to SPARCL1. Together, our results reveal that SPARCL1 selectively boosts excitatory but not inhibitory synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission by a novel mechanism that is independent of neurexins and neuroligins.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEmerging evidence supports roles for extracellular matrix proteins in boosting synapse formation and function. Previous studies demonstrated that SPARCL1, a secreted non-neuronal protein, promotes synapse formation in rodent and human neurons. However, it remained unclear whether SPARCL1 acts on all or on only a subset of synapses, induces functional or largely inactive synapses, and generates synapses by bridging presynaptic neurexins and postsynaptic neuroligins. Here, we report that SPARCL1 selectively induces excitatory synapses, increases their efficacy, and enhances their NMDAR content. Moreover, using rigorous genetic manipulations, we show that SPARCL1 does not require neurexins and neuroligins for its activity. Thus, SPARCL1 selectively boosts excitatory synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission by a novel mechanism that is independent of neurexins and neuroligins.
Intergranular Corrosion of Cu-Al-Ni Alloy in 0.5 mol dm−3 H2SO4 Solution
Authors: Vrsalović Ladislav , Oguzie Emeka Emmanuel , Gojić Mirko , Kožuh Stjepan , Ivanić Ivana , Terzić Lana , Gudić Senka
Published: September 2020

The corrosion behaviour of Cu-Al-Ni alloy in 0.5 mol dm–3 H2SO4 solution was investigated by electrochemical methods including open circuit potential measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, linear and potentiodynamic polarization. Measurements were performed in 0.5 mol dm–3 H2SO4 at temperatures 20 and 40 °C. After polarization testing, corroded electrode surfaces were ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water and examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, while the elemental composition at individual points of the alloy surface was determined by EDS analysis. The results of the investigations revealed the occurrence of intergranular corrosion on the Cu-Al-Ni surface, which became more pronounced with increasing temperature.
Competitive Heavy Metal Removal from Binary Solution
Authors: Bašić Anita , Mužek Mario Nikola , Kukoč-Modun Lea , Svilović Sandra
Published: September 2020

The removal of copper and cobalt ions from binary metal solutions on zeolite NaX by ion exchange process was investigated. Experiments were conducted in unbaffled glass reactor with a Rushton turbine as a stirrer. The dependence of ion exchange kinetics and the amount exchanged were tested using different initial concentrations of metal ions in mixtures. The results obtained indicate that the removal efficiency depends on the initial heavy metal concentrations in binary solutions. Experimental kinetics data were analysed using Ritchie and Weber-Morris models. According to AARD values, the rate in this study was reaction-controlled.
Ultrasound-assisted Crystallisation of Magnesium Hydroxide from Seawater
Authors: Jakić Jelena , Horvat Ivona , Martinac Vanja , Jozić Dražan , Labor Miroslav
Published: September 2020

High purity magnesium hydroxide has been synthesised from seawater with the addition of dolomite lime as reagent. High intensity ultrasound-assisted crystallization of magnesium hydroxide was carried out during precipitation with the intention to obtain fine particles of Mg(OH)2 as well as to prevent their agglomeration. Investigations were conducted on magnesium hydroxide samples in the form of sludge and voluminous powder. The composition, morphology, and properties of the product were determined by chemical, XRD, FTIR, and SEM/EDS analysis. The particle size distribution was detected by the laser light scattering method. The results showed that the mean particle size of magnesium hydroxide sludge was 5.75 µm, while voluminous powder was 7.58 µm. The morphology of magnesium hydroxide voluminous powder was in the form of aggregated filamentous (up to 300 nm in size) or flake structures.
Znanstveno-istraživačka djelatnost Zavoda za opću i anorgansku kemiju u razdoblju 2010. – 2020.
Authors: Škugor Rončević Ivana , Buzuk Marijo , Brinić Slobodan , Grubač Zoran , Vladislavić Nives
Published: September 2020

Od utemeljenja Zavoda, akademske godine 1961./62., njegova znanstveno-istraživačka djelatnost bila je usmjerena na elektrokemijska istraživanja metala, pojavu pasiviteta i inhibiciju korozije. Kasnije, ponajprije primjenom elektrokemijskih metoda, proučavaju se fenomeni na granici faza metal│anodni sloj│elektrolitna otopina koji su od značaja za kemijske izvore struje i poluvodičke sustave. Tijekom posljednjih deset godina istraživanja se usmjeravaju u dva smjera: i) ispitivanje utjecaja legirajućih elemenata na dizajn otpornih materijala i biofunkcionalizacija površine biorazgradljivih i biokompatibilnih metalnih implantata; ii) modifikaciju elektroda i njihovih površina u svrhu razvoja novih elektroanalitičkih metoda za određivanje teških metala i biomolekula.
Use of Yoked and Differential Prisms to Improve Posture
Authors: Shapiro Jonathan
Published: September 2020

This paper presents cases of postural changes, and the use of prisms to relieve symptoms, caused by A and V syndromes (with a suggestion as to their cause); asymmetry of the position of the mastoid process; facial asymmetry from disparate growth rate of the skull; slack-jaw; Duane’s syndrome and 6th Nerve palsy, as well as stooping in elderly patients. The paper does not consider the treatment and alleviation of symptoms experienced by patients who have suffered mild traumatic brain injury, although Yoked and Differential prisms are used in its treatment ; this is outside the scope of this paper. The method of examining the patient and prescribing the prisms is described.
Daniel Forthomme, l’optométriste, le professeur, le chercheur, le directeur et l’ami (1938-2019)
Authors: Giasson Claude , Gresset Jacques , Simonet Pierre
Published: September 2020

Our friend, Daniel Forthomme, passed away last November 25. This text, dedicated to his memory, list his numerous contributions to optometrists and optometry.

Notre ami, Daniel Forthomme, est décédé le 25 novembre dernier. Ce texte, dédié à sa mémoire, énumère ses nombreuses contributions aux optométristes et à l’optométrie.
Alone and Anxious: Addiction to Work as an Adaptation to Postmodern Dislocation
Authors: Buhrmann Anna
Published: September 2020

The majority of Canadians work upwards of forty-five hours a week, and nearly a third of Canadians identify themselves as addicted to work (Duxbury & Higgins, 2013, p. 6; Keown, 2008, p. 28).  This essay investigates the question: to what extent does the concept of addiction to work shed light on society’s anxieties? By examining values underpinning the free market economy and how they affect the daily rythym of human life, I argue that the pressures of postmodern life dislocate individuals within their social context.  In a need to alleviate the anxieties stemming from this instability, individuals often work excessively to establish a sense of identity and security. An unbalanced amount of work, however, exacerbates not only a person’s fears but their compulsivity to work, multiplying the detrimental effects to their daily lives.  In sum, because workaholism further distances us from social rootedness, it is crucial to question cultural acceptance of excessive focus and time spent on work.
Governmentality: A Theoretical Evaluation of Supervised Injection Sites and Consequent Police Practices
Authors: Scher Benjamin Daniel
Published: September 2020

This essay looks to present governmentality as a theoretical framework through which to evaluate supervised injection sites (SIS) as a ‘political technology’ and police as extensions of this ‘technology’. Firstly, I will discuss how SIS arose under discourses of ‘public health’ and ‘harm reduction’ to fit varying political ideologies as a technology to cleanse public spaces of ‘disorderly’ drug use, thus safeguarding the urban environment as an attractive, civil and commercial space. Despite saving lives and meeting the unique needs of injection drug users, SIS can be understood as spaces of exclusion, immediately linking people to a marginalised population. Secondly, I will present the ways in which SIS can be contextualized as a powerful tool of surveillance and discipline, imposing the ‘responsibilization’ of individuals’ drug use and lifestyle habits, construing drug users as requiring surveillance and discipline to successfully conform to certain ‘acceptable’ behavioural traits. Lastly, once again through the lens of governmentality, I will demonstrate that police practises ironically work in opposition to the aim of SIS as a technology of control as they often deter drug users from frequenting SIS. Although governmentality can be philosophically conceptualized as an infringement on human freedom, in this instance, police practises need to be evaluated to increase their role in promoting SIS use. In light of the national health crisis in Canada, pertaining to injection drug use, if government control, surveillance and discipline results in the saving of thousands of lives, then in this occasion it is useful and necessary.
The Impact of Fast Fashion on Women
Authors: Chang Andrea
Published: September 2020

The constructed gender roles and stereotypes of women position them to be uniquely impacted by the fast fashion industry because of the feminization of the fashion industry as a whole. They are disproportionately employed in the sweatshops of the garment industry, and also are mainly targeted as the consumers of fast fashion. However, because of the different levels of privilege that consumers and garment workers hold, although they are both affected by the fast fashion industry more so than their male counterparts, gender plays two different roles in these two different situations. Ultimately, many modern fast fashion critiques take a neoliberal stance in putting the responsibility on these young fast fashion consuming women to stop the fast fashion industry. However, alternate literature suggests that other actors have immense responsibility that is often overlooked. Thus, although these relatively privileged young women do have some responsibility in the horrors of the fast fashion industry, the feminization of responsibility for the practices of the industry are unfair. When a highly feminized industry like the fast fashion one becomes problematic, the responsibility for positive change is also placed upon females. The switch to ethical and sustainable fashion as the primary, and only, type of clothing to purchase is imperative. However, this switch should not only be the consumers’ burden, but rather that of the fashion industry as a whole.