bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTEVS-MED field experiments: Very High-Resolution
Hydrographic Surveys in the Western Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Garreau Pierre , Dumas Franck , Louazel Stéphanie , Correard Stéphanie , Fercocq Solenn , Le Menn Marc , Serpette Alain , Garnier Valérie , Stegner Alexandre , Le Vu Briac , Doglioli Andrea , Gregori Gerald
Published: September 2019

Abstract. From 2015 to 2018 four field experiments (7 legs) have been performed in the Western Mediterranean Basin during winter or early spring. The main objectives were the assessment of high-resolution modelling, the observation of mesoscale structure and associated ageostrophic dynamics. Thanks to the intensive use of a towed vehicle undulating in the upper oceanic layer between 0 and 400 meter depth (a SeaSoar), a large amount of very high resolution hydrographic transects (about 10.000 km) have been performed, observing mesoscale dynamics (slope current and its instabilities, anticyclonic eddies, sub-mesoscale coherent vortices, frontal dynamics convection events, strait outflows) and sub-mesoscale processes like stirring, mixed layer or symmetric instabilities. When available, the data were completed with velocities recorded by Vessel Mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (VMADCP) and by surface salinity and temperature recorded by ThermosalinoGraph (TSG). CTD casts have also been performed giving the background hydrography of the deeper layers when focusing on peculiar objects. In 2017, a free fall profiler (an MVP-200) has been deployed to manage even higher horizontal resolution. The aim of the survey was the dynamics and attention were paid to temperature, salinity and currents. Nevertheless, biological sensors (Chlorophyll a, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen etc.) have been opportunely carried out as they are able to provide complementary observations about the circulation. This data set is an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the very fine scale processes as the Mediterranean Sea is known for its intense and contrasted dynamics. It should be useful for modellers (who reduce the grid size below a few hundred meters) and expect to properly catch finer scale dynamics. Likewise, theoretical work could also be illustrated by in situ evidence embedded in this data set. The data are available through SEANOE repository (https://doi.org/10.17882/62352; Dumas et al., 2018).
La Bauhaus como objeto de investigación doctoral en España. Análisis cienciométrico (1979-2019)
Authors: Cabezuelo-Lorenzo Francisco , Barceló-Sánchez Juan-Manuel , Jorge Miranda-Galbe Jorge Miranda-Galbe
Published: September 2019

La Bauhaus es un ámbito de estudio de gran riqueza conceptual y bien puede ser considerada un área de interés en la investigación multidisciplinar, con especial atención al mundo del Diseño y de la Publicidad. A través de un análisis cienciométrico, este artículo intenta dar conocer las características fundamentales de las principales investigaciones doctorales realizadas en España y que han sido protagonizadas por la Bauhaus hasta 2019, año en que se cumple el centenario de su creación. Se analiza el eco que esta escuela ha tenido a la hora de protagonizar tesis doctorales en nuestro país. El período analizado va desde 1978 hasta la actualidad. Para ello, se han utilizado las herramientas avanzadas de las bases de datos de Dialnet (Universidad de La Rioja, España) y de Teseo (Ministerio de Educación del Gobierno de España). Una vez recuperadas un total de 57 tesis doctorales, se ha elaborado la serie temporal y la productividad diacrónica de dichos trabajos, además de otras variables relacionadas con el contenido y metodológicas. Los hallazgos muestran el exponencial crecimiento de los últimos años (década actual). También se concluye que la producción de tesis doctorales se concentra en una pequeña cantidad de instituciones y se centran más en disciplinas como la Arquitectura que en otras como el Diseño o la Publicidad.
Integración de los mensajes comerciales y el contenido editorial en la prensa digital: publicidad nativa
Authors: Maestro Espínola Lidia , Cordón Benito David , Abuín Vences Natalia
Published: September 2019

Ante un consumidor hiperestimulado por los impactos de las marcas, la publicidad nativa surge como formato integrador de mensajes comerciales y contenido editorial. A través de una revisión documental de las principales investigaciones académicas e informes profesionales, este artículo analiza el concepto de publicidad nativa, ahonda en sus ventajas y muestra las sinergias surgidas entre cabeceras de prensa digitales y anunciantes para beneficiarse de esta nueva herramienta. Las principales conclusiones señalan una mayor eficacia de este tipo de publicidad además de un incremento del engagement con el consumidor y su satisfacción con contenidos de base comercial pero no intrusivos.
Improving the Metrics and Data Reporting for Maternal Mortality:A Challenge to Public Health Surveillance and Effective Prevention
Authors: Studnicki James , Reardon David , Harrison Donna , Fisher John , Skop Ingrid
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe current measuring metric and reporting methods for assessing maternal mortality are seriously flawed. Evidence-based prevention strategies require consistently reported surveillance data and validated measurement metrics.Main BodyThe denominator of live births used in the maternal mortality ratio reinforces the mistaken notion that all maternal deaths are consequent to a live birth and, at the same time, inappropriately inflates the value of the ratio for subpopulations of women with the highest percentage of pregnancies ending in outcomes other than a live birth. Inadequate methods for identifying induced or spontaneous abortion complications assure that most maternal deaths associated with those pregnancy outcomes are unlikely to be attributed. Absent the ability to identify all maternal deaths, and without the ability to differentiate those deaths by specific pregnancy outcomes, existing variations in pregnancy outcome-specific maternal deaths are masked by the use of an aggregated (all outcome) numerator. Under these circumstances, clear and accurate data is not available to inform evidence-based preventive strategies. As the result, algorithms applied for analyzing maternal mortality data may return distorted results.ConclusionImprovement in the effectiveness of maternal mortality surveillance will require: mandatory certification of all fetal losses; linkage of death, birth and all fetal loss (induced and natural) certificates; modification of the structure of the overall maternal mortality ratio to enable pregnancy outcome-specific ratio calculations; development of the appropriate ICD codes which are specific to induced and spontaneous abortions; education for providers on identifying and reporting early pregnancy losses; and, flexible information systems and methods which integrate these capabilities and inform users.
Implementation of an EMR System for a Comprehensive Dental Service within a Large Regional Hospital Network: Challenges and Opportunities Presented by the Introduction of new Technology
Authors: Swanik Stephen
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectives: The development of new information technology has significant effects on the health care system, and its implementation and the associated change management process can bring some positive changes and gains in understanding, but there are challenges with making the transition. These benefits and challenges are explored in the context of a hospital based dental department. Additionally, the concept of the integration of oral health to overall systemic health is explored in context with an Electronic Medical Records system implementation, and the American Dental Association’s recent recognition of dental anesthesiology as a clinical subspecialty.Method: Qualitative survey of attending dental faculty members of the department, who represent a broad range of dental specialties and experience in private practice, hospital based practice, teaching, and public health practice.Results: The faculty survey yielded some consistent themes, ranging from enhanced information to make better diagnoses, to challenges in transitioning to EMR, as well as concerns about data security and too much time and effort in front of a computer screen.Discussion: A brief summary of the history of the stand-alone development of dentistry is given, which contributed to the separate development of dental EMRs from hospital EMRs. The various modalities of clinical care provided by the Department of Dentistry at Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL are presented to give a scope of the areas of need a successful EMR solution must meet in a hospital based dental setting. Public health aspects are included in the discussion.Conclusion: Macro level health data sets (ie NHANES, state level datasets) have the potential to be expanded to include more thorough data, combining medical health data and oral health data in the same datasets.
Development of automated text-message reminder system to improve uptake of childhood vaccination in North-West, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Zeleke Abebaw , Hussien Fedlu Nurhussien , Tilahun Binyam Chakilu , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Mamuye Adane Letta
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Non-attendance and delay for vaccination schedules remains a big challenge to healthcare workers.  Among the frequently mentioned reasons for missed vaccination in children is the lack of communication between child caretakers and health workers. This necessitates developing an appropriate and uninterrupted vaccine delivery strategy with more focus on demand side interventions like forgetfulness.Objectives: This paper aimed to develop and test an automated mobile text message reminder system in the local context.Methods: Before development of the system, interview and document reviews were used for requirement gathering. This system is developed using iterative development process through phases of requirement analysis, design, development, testing and refinement. Front end application was developed using Java technologies while back end applications were developed with Oracle database. Finally, pilot testing was done on 30 participants before actual implementation.Results: The automated system has been developed based on requirements. The text message reminder system has two components: 1. Web based application for client registration and automatic reminder scheduling; 2.SMS application for automatic SMS text messaging. In the final testing, all the messages (100%) were delivered to the piloted mothers. Message speeds for each individual client ranged on average from 5 second to 30 seconds.Conclusion: Text message reminder system has been developed for routine childhood immunization program in Ethiopian context. Text message interventions should be carefully developed, tested and refined before implementation to ensure they are written in the most appropriate way for their target population.
A Demand for Data to Improve Outcomes Creates the Why to Move to Third Generation Immunization Information Systems
Authors: Watkins Todd , Popovich Michael , Crane Kristina
Published: September 2019

Investments over the past two decades to collect and store immunization events established a national population health data asset. The ability to track vaccine usage and storage has increased accountability, lowered wastage, protected valuable resources, and provided the correct vaccines at the right time.Sixty-four immunization registries support the current immunization ecosystem, yet all investments to date have been through state and federal funding. Much of the technology supporting these registries is becoming harder to support, limiting the utilization of the data. For the most part all current systems have legacy second-generation technology and architectures as their foundation.  Current technology investments in these national assets tend to be for systems that within the next five years will not be cost effectively sustainable with only federal, state and local funding. Yet quality data is being reported by immunization providers across the health care network that is increasing exponentially through electronic data exchanges integrated within Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Pharmacy Management Systems (PMS).This increase in high-quality patient immunization records creates opportunity to build immunization intelligence from the data. However, second-generation Immunization Information Systems (IIS) limit the effective and timely use of this information. Considering the increasing value of the data to public and private sectors working to close immunization care gaps in populations supporting technology must ensure easy access.This is the first of two papers that highlights the power of these national registries and the data they contain to provide opportunity intelligence to the immunization ecosystem user community. Paper one illustrates the “why” for change and the need for a truly community collaborative path forward to move from second- to third-generation systems through partners that leverages cost sharing and common goals.The end goal is to establish new supporting technology assets that accelerate the use of data to impact vaccine preventable disease (VPD) outcomes which create a new model for public-private investments to sustain the IIS national infrastructure. The second paper will share cost and investment strategies to complete the migration and create sustainable immunization systems for the future.
On the Potential, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Chat Bots in Public Health Research Going Forward
Authors: Mierzwa Stanley John , Souidi Samir , Conroy Terry , Abusyed Mohammad , Watarai Hiroki , Allen Tammy
Published: September 2019

This paper will discuss whether bots, particularly chat bots, can be useful in public health research and health or pharmacy systems operations.  Bots have been discussed for many years; particularly when coupled with artificial intelligence, they offer the opportunity of automating mundane or error-ridden processes and tasks by replacing human involvement with bots. This paper will discuss areas where there are greater advances in the use of bots, as well as areas that may benefit from the use of bots, and will offer practical ways to get started with bot technology.  Several popular bot applications and bot development tools along with practical security considerations will be discussed, and a toolbox that one can begin to use to implement bots will be presented.
NECESSIDADES FORMATIVAS PARA A AÇÃO DOCENTE INCLUSIVA DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Morais MILENA Pedro , Rodrigues Graciele Massoli , Filgueiras Isabel Porto
Published: September 2019

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar de que forma os Jogos Escolares Inclusivos contribuíram para a ação docente inclusiva dos professores de Educação Física Escolar do município de Itanhaém e identificar as barreiras enfrentadas pelos professores para participação nesse evento. Participaram 20 professores de Educação Física. A coleta de dados ocorreu com o uso de entrevista semi-dirigida e análise por meio da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2011). Concluímos que um conjunto de fatores interfere de forma negativa na ação docente inclusiva, porém, ao atuar como agentes transformadores os professores têm conseguido atingir a comunidade escolar e a família dos alunos, mostrando o potencial da criança e o quanto ela é capaz de evoluir no processo ensino/aprendizado. Palavras chave: Educação Física Escolar Inclusiva. Formação de professores. Inclusão Escolar.
PARTICIPAÇÃO DE ADOLESCENTES BRASILEIROS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Araújo Bárbara Silva , Tassitano Rafael Miranda , Dias Mallu , Tenório Maria Cecília Marinho
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: identificar e comparar os resultados das publicações sobre participação nas aulas de Educação Física e seus fatores associados a adolescentes brasileiros. Métodos: realizou-se uma busca sistematizada da literatura no período de março de 2007 a março de 2017, nas bases: MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, Google acadêmico, ERIC, CAPES e Adolec. Resultados: 10 estudos foram incluídos. A maioria deles foi realizada no Nordeste. O percentual de participação nas aulas de EF variou de 29,3 a 75,0 %. A variável comportamental associada à participação foi a prática de AF. Conclusão: Foram encontradas 10 publicações nessa revisão que investigaram a participação nas aulas de EF. %.  Desse modo, incentiva-se a produção e publicação de mais estudos para ampliar o conhecimento sobre as aulas de EF, investigar outros fatores associados e identificar quais os motivos que levam à participação nas aulas de EF.
Remediation of Dumpsite Leachate Contaminants by Coagulation and Complexation
Authors: Taiwo A.M. , Bello A. , Towolawi A.T. , Oyedepo J.A. , Khaniabadi Y.O.
Published: September 2019

Leachate is a major threat to groundwater quality and ecosystem. The present study adopted four selected coagulants (inorganic: Al2(SO4)3 [Alum], FeCl3, FeSO4; biological: Moringa oleifera) and a complexing agent (ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid EDTA) to remediate leachates collected from two dumpsites in Abeokuta. The leachate samples were subjected to chemical and heavy metal analyses using the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard method. The data obtained were evaluated for simple descriptive statistics (mean
and standard deviation) using SPSS for Windows. The results indicated that except for Fe and Ni, metal values in both raw and treated leachates were generally higher than the permissible standard of the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA). The study revealed that despite treatment,
the values of metals in treated leachates were still issues of environmental concerns. The reduction data revealed substantial removal of EC and TDS (100%), Cl- (87-95 %) and SO42- (60-84%) in leachates. The present study also revealed that each coagulant has
varied affinity for removal of different parameters in the leachate. Among the coagulants, Moringa oleifera showed the highest % removal efficiency for Cd (57-63%) and Ni (57-98%), while EDTA showed the lowest removing ability for Cd (2-6%). All the remediating agents effectively reduced
the chemical contaminants in leachate samples to appreciate levels.
Health and social welfare professionals’ self-rated competence and feedback following a simulation-based coaching intervention in small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari Helena , Kangasluoma Elina , Paavola Kirsi , Perälä Sami , Uitto Sirke
Published: September 2019

Objective: To examine how health and social welfare professionals in small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) rated their theoretical, practical, and interaction competencies following simulation-based coaching, and to collect feedback for the coaching intervention.Methods: This quantitative survey is part of a wider research and development project conducted in Finland in the years 2017-2019 with assistance from the European Social Fund and carried out in collaboration between two educational institutions. Respondents were 107 nurses and other health and social care professionals in 20 SMEs. Data collection took place using an online questionnaire in May 2019. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows 25.Results: The great majority of the participants were satisfied with the coaching intervention. Respondents rated their theoretical, practical, and interaction competencies as good. They also felt confident about their skills in learning, problem-solving, and action-based learning. Among the most salient learning needs were the use of digital tools, social media, and electronic learning environments, and the need to practice remote counseling.Conclusions: The results indicate a need to provide continuing education on information and communication technology for health and social welfare professionals in small and medium-sized companies.
The Essentials and Challenges of Online Business Among Bumiputera SME Entrepreneurs in Malaysia
Authors: Rahim Hardy Loh , Abdul Kadir Mohd Ali Bahari , Osman Che Asniza , Rosly Hardi Emrie , Bakri Adlan Ahmad
Published: September 2019

The e-commerce trend has increasingly grown in Malaysia. The revenue for e-commerce platforms in 2019 is USD3.7 billion with more than 20 million users. There were various calls from the ministries for Malaysian to take up e-commerce as it is progressively contributing to the country’s GDP. Bumiputera entrepreneurs have been demanded to play active roles in e-commerce, however their participation and performance are in an alarming state. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the challenges faced, examine the awareness of the existing business support and identify support and assistance which can be implemented to address the issues faced by Bumiputera SME online entrepreneurs. The research was done using survey format. Questionnaire was distributed via online survey. The population is the online entrepreneurs from Malaysian Internet Entrepreneurs Association (PUIM). 493 respondents participated in this study. Findings show that the main challenges were the lack of access to financial assistance and lack of knowledge to conduct market study. While the training needed are Facebook Ads and Business Coaching. Research also shows that the higher the level of education, the lesser the constraints experienced and the greater the level of confidence in business success. Finally, several improvements and suggestions have been proposed.
A Study of Changing Key Performance Indicators in Banking Sector
Authors: Nazneen Afroze , Goyal Shikha , Bhalla Pretty , Jeet Vikram
Published: September 2019

The Indian banking system has taken huge strides from being into traditional banking system to nationalization to privatization and finally into multinationals. The success dimension of Indian banks doesn’t only stand on financial indicators but it draws a thrust from, organizational culture, and customer relationships go a long way toward dictating future financial performance.The great transformation has been witnessed in the performance measurement system wherein the traditional performance appraisal system was taken over by multifaceted performance management system with feedback and continuous monitoring as inseparable part of it.In this paper, the researcher has proposed a model for measurement of performance in banking sector. And also the key variables have been found which are valuable in performance analysis.
Semen parameter improvements after microsurgical subinguinal varicocele repair are durable for more than 12 months
Authors: Madhusoodanan Vinayak , Patel Premal , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Ramasamy Ranjith
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Varicoceles account for the most common correctable cause of male infertility, with varicocele repair leading to improvements in semen quality. However, there is little evidence to establish the durability of varicocele repair. We analyzed the durability of improvements in postoperative semen parameters following microsurgical subinguinal varicocele repair.

Methods: We evaluated all men who underwent microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy from 2015‒2019. Patients were included if they desired fertility and had a followup of at least 12 months. We assessed the baseline characteristics of these patients, as well as semen volume, total motile sperm count (TMSC), concentration, percent motility, and morphology. Semen parameters were analyzed at baseline (preoperative), approximately three months and ≥12 months postoperatively.

Results: Of 105 men who underwent varicocelectomy, 18 men had a followup of at least 12 months. These men presented with median age 34.5 (27–38] years for a median followup duration of 14.5 (13–22.5) months. TMSC levels increased from 6.4 (1.1–24.5) million at baseline to 11.1 (2.4–38.4) million at approximately three months and remained similar at 12.5 (1.6–31.5) million at ≥12 months. The study is limited by its retrospective nature and limited sample size.

Conclusions: Microscopic subinguinal varicocele repairs can result in durable improvements of semen quality beyond one year, as demonstrated by upgrade in median TMSC. Further studies should be performed to confirm our findings.
Developing a Technical Words List for Research Articles in Computer Science Discipline
Authors: Chen Haiyuan , Lei Gang
Published: September 2019

This study aims to identify technical words in research articles across sub-disciplines in computer science field. A corpus of research articles in computer science was constructed, comprised of 10,450,035 running words from 1045 research articles across ten sub-disciplines of computer science. The technical word List for research articles in computer science was created by the methods of computer-based analysis and the rating scales. 769 technical word types were identified and listed in Appendix A. The computer science field-oriented technical words list is expected to meet the needs of learners in this field.
An Analysis on General Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Swimming Referees in Terms of Demographic Variables
Authors: Eskiyecek Canan Gulbin , Satici Omer , Ozaltas Huseyin Nasip , Savucu Yuksel , Gul Mine
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the general self-efficacy beliefs of licensed swimming referees who actively serve in Turkish Swimming Federation in terms of variables age, gender, educational status, level of referee, the reason to become a referee, professional experience and satisfaction level. The population of the study is composed of a total of 450 swimming referees participating to the Swimming Referee Development Seminar in Antalya in 2016. In addition, the research sample is randomly selected by 212 swimming referees (6 FINA, 74 National and 132 Provincial referees) including 95 females and 117 males were selected in this seminar. A five-point likert-scale “General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)”, which was developed by Sherer et al. (1982), presented by Magaletta and Oliver (1999) as 17 items and adapted into Turkish culture by Yıldırım and İlhan (2010), was used in the study as data collection tool. Necessary formal permissions were obtained from Turkish Swimming Federation for the scale applied to the referees. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, factor analysis, an independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post-Hoc test (Tukey HSD) were applied to data by using SPSS Statistics. An analysis with p<0.05 is considered statistically significant. Cronbach Alpha value was calculated as .949 for the scale. As a result of factorial analysis, two factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were obtained, and it was observed that these two factorial structures revealed 62.63% of the total variance. In addition, according to Bartlett’s test, this test was considered significant (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it was found that the swimming referees showed significant differences in terms of the variables of general self-efficacy beliefs such as level of referee, the reason to become a referee, professional experience and satisfaction level and it can be said that these variables are the determinants of the self-efficacy beliefs of swimming referees.
Government Acting on Itself: Hungarian Cabinet in the Interwar Period
Authors: Bathó Gábor
Published: September 2019

Act XI of 1917 gave the opportunity to the Hungarian government to increase the
number of the government members with four ministers without portfolio. This was
meant to be a temporary opportunity almost at the end of World War I. The act declared
that four ministers without portfolio may be appointed “for the time of the war and the
transition to peace”. The determination of the temporal effect seems to be inaccurate and
loose. Especially this characteristic gave the base of my paper.
In my paper, I am showing the expressed reasons for such a regulation, and the
original interpretation of the act and the practice based on it. According to the Hungarian
constitutional tradition, an act was the only tool to change the ministerial structure of the
government, and changing ministries and competencies could only be done by acts. Later
the practice changed, which meant the contemporaneous change in the interpretation of
Act XI of 1917 as well. These mutual effects lead to a situation in which it was totally
acceptable to appoint a minister without portfolio in 1944 legally based on an act that was
meant to solve the extraordinary questions of World War I.
The Transformation of Political Crimes and its Impact on the Hungarian Criminal Regulation with Special Regard to the Interwar Period
Authors: Drócsa Izabella
Published: September 2019

In the 20th century, the perception and quality of political crimes underwent significant changes, which led to the creation of constitutional law. Act III of 1921 was the first piece of legislation that substantially tightened the scope of crime against the state, but because of precisely defined offences and related judicial practice, it could be avoided that deeds, which essentially fall within the scope of the exercise of fundamental rights, could fall under the Act. The following significant criminal law, which strengthened existing provisions to an extent that provided a good basis for the establishment of a later Communist dictatorship, was brought about by the persistence of Soviet presence following the World War II.
The Beginning of the Debate on the Codification of Polish Law after the World War I: The Issue of the Codification Commission Autonomy in the Light of Political Declarations
Authors: Gałędek Michał
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to analyze the ideological basis of concepts that underpinned the establishment of the Codification Commission by virtue of the Act of 3 June 1919 and to assess its position within the system of authorities of the Second Republic of Poland. The author has found that the issues around shaping the relations of the Codification Commission with the Government and the Sejm have been covered in literature of the subject in a one-sided manner. Authors who have devoted their attention to the issue of autonomy of the Codification Commission formulated their evaluations based on the interpretation of the regulations in the drafts of the Act that established the Commission, as well as on their subsequent application that enabled the restriction of this autonomy. They did not, however, sufficiently account for the ideological declarations, thus in fact rejecting the deputies’ assertions of their striving to ensure “complete autonomy and self-sufficiency” of the Codification Commission, and the Government’s affirmations that it did not aim to “subject” the Commission to its control. Meanwhile, the author’s intention is to show that there was a widespread consensus at the time, especially at the Sejm, which sovereignly decided on the wording of the Act on the Codification Commission, that deputies had adopted a law that sufficiently protected the autonomous status of the Commission and its apolitical nature.
The Legal Value of Mos Maiorum in Cicero
Authors: Iacoboni Anna
Published: September 2019

The tradition is constituted by the norms of conduct of the gentes and the patrician familiae. The right is the foundation of the ruling class power of the patricians first, of the patrician-plebeian nobilitas then. The hegemony of the pontiffs in the juridical field is subsequently questioned by the iurisprudentia, starting from the 3rd century BC. We examine the legal value of mos and consuetudo as sources of law in Cicero. Afterwards, we evoke the crisis of tradition and the evolution of right caused by changing social and political conditions. The mos maiorum knows the maximum crisis in the late-Republican age. Cicero considers it necessary to implement a critical revision of the mos maiorum. However, the individualism present at the time of the author makes the moral and political rebirth of Rome impossible.
Main Problems of the Codification Works on Substantive Misdemeanor Law in People’s Poland
Authors: Łysko Marcin
Published: September 2019

The result of the codification works that were carried out in the years 1960-1971 on substantive misdemeanour law in Poland was a Code on Misdemeanours of 1971. The measures created in this Code were strongly influenced by the idea of misdemeanours polarization and stratification of responsibilities. According to this idea, severe repression was supposed to be limited to the most serious misdemeanours. Towards other offenders progressive leniency was provided, with non-criminal means replacing them. Under influence of political factors the character of general part of Code on Misdemeanours was determined by provisions which were introduced aimed at severe treatment of serious offenders. Also the specific part was shaped in the repressive spirit. The conditions to realise the assumptions accepted by codifiers of the substantive misdemeanour law were created only after the fall of communist system in Poland, when in 1990 the adjudicating boards were cut off from the influence of Ministry of Internal Affairs and placed in the structures of the Ministry of Justice.
From Scandalous Verdicts to “Suicidal Sentences”: The Reform of the Courts of Assize under the Fascist Regime
Authors: Passarella Claudia
Published: September 2019

The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between professional magistrates and laypersons in Italian criminal justice under the Fascist regime. The reform of the courts of assize, approved in 1931, abolished the jury trial and introduced a system based on cooperation between professional judges and laymen assessors. The two components of the bench had to work side by side and decide on the innocence or guilt of people charged with serious crimes. This forced collaboration resulted in the phenomenon of “suicidal sentences”. The case of Francesco Mulas, accused of murder and robbery, is the most famous example of a conflict that could lead to fatal consequences. This paper seeks to analyse the reasons of this contrast and the remedies elaborated by eminent legal experts.
Norms and Legal Practice in Ancient Egypt: A Case Study of Irrigation System Management
Authors: Skalec Aneta
Published: September 2019

The prosperity of Egyptian civilization has depended on the efficient use of water deriving from the Nile throughout its recorded history. Despite the importance of water and irrigation in ancient Egypt, very little is known of its water regulations. The only known legal source related directly to the maintenance of canals that has been preserved is a section of the Dikaiomata – the Alexandrian city law dealing with the construction and improvement of irrigation channels in the surrounding countryside. However, being Greek in origin, it does not seem to correspond to the legal practice that has been in use in Egypt since the earliest times. How water regulations looked like in practice can therefore only be observed by means of practice documents, i.e. papyri from Ptolemaic period. Such papyri recorded the law in action, both in relation to individuals as well as the whole society in the context of water management. These documents and their similarities and differences to the rules contained in Dikaiomata are the subject of the paper.
Living with the Rules: Gender and the Rule of Law in Herodotus’ Histories
Authors: Tank Helen
Published: September 2019

What does “the rule of law” mean to an ancient historian, Herodotus? This paper uses modern legal theories and a sociological model to consider how he presents the concept in his Histories. The author takes a novel approach in that she considers the rule of law from a gender perspective. She argues that law is as much about social and cultural rules, which involve women as much as men, as it is about institutional practices which exclude women and reinforce an ideology of female inferiority. She also shows that the rule of law is a powerful normative ideal which Herodotus uses to interrogate power. The author uses the theoretical model of law developed by the English legal scholar HLA Hart, who argues that rules have a social as well as a legal dimension (the “internal” view of law), that is, how rules are perceived by community members, and how normative behaviours are enforced by that community. She also uses the work of a legal anthropologist, Leopold Pospίčil, and feminist legal theory, to argue for a wider definition of the rule of law than that used by most contemporary scholars. She uses three case studies to show that the rule of law is a powerful force in the Histories precisely because it combines external coercive force, internal rule of conduct and normative ideal.
The Conservation in Lyon and the Long Tradition of Coutume and Usage
Authors: in ’t Veld Cornelis M.
Published: September 2019

In this contribution I am tracing the legal history of the concepts coutume and usage back from today’s international mercantile law to the Tribunal de la Conservation in early modern Lyon. From the late 19th century some theorists were regarding usage as normative when it could be derived from the consensus between contracting parties. We find this conception of usage, for example, in the CISG. On the other hand, the more romantical strain of theorists on the law merchant was stressing that customary law was normative regardless of the possibility to derive it from the parties’ agreements. In early modern Lyon merchants were invoking usages (and to a lesser extent also coutumes) at the Conservation frequently. Because of the juridification of this tribunal in the late 17th century, we expected that the use of the words coutume and usage was in line with the doctrinal conceptions of their days (according to which coutume was a form of written normative customary law and usage was a non-written normative customary law). This, however, was not always the case: sometimes the judges of the Conservation were using the words in a rather loose sense.
Abwicklung von Banken
Authors: Blaß Robin
Published: September 2019

In this book, the author concerns himself with the EU’s banking union, whose establishment aims to further integrate the European banking sector and strengthen confidence in its stability. He focuses on the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM), which was established as the second pillar of the banking union. With the help of the SRM, it should be possible in the future for even large banks to be in financial distress without endangering the stability of the entire financial system. The bank will be liquidated in accordance with the rules of the SRM if traditional insolvency proceedings are not feasible due to the caesura effect associated with them. In addition, as little public money as possible—at best no public funds at all—is to be spent on the resolution. The main purpose of this study is to ascertain whether the SRM can achieve this objective and how the SRM and the other pillars of the banking union interact with each other.
Emphysema
Authors: M. Jelic Tomislav
Published: September 2019

Emphysema (Greek word meaning to inflate/to blow) is an increase in the size of airspace distal to the terminal bronchiolus, that is, hyperinflation of the alveoli due to the destruction of the gas-exchanging structures: alveolar walls, alveolar ducts, and respiratory bronchioles with coalescence of airspaces into the abnormal, much larger airspaces. The main consequences are the reduction of alveolar surface for gas exchange and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to the destruction and disappearance of respiratory bronchioles with decreased total small airway diameter sum. Both decreased alveolar surface for gas exchange and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease lead to difficulty in breathing with dyspnea varying from mild to very severe. Two main pathohistologic types of emphysema are centriacinar and panacinar. Centriacinar emphysema involves the central portion of the acinus, and inflation mainly involves respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveoli, and not all alveoli inside the acinus are involved. Panacinar (panlobular) emphysema is characterized by uniform enlargement and destruction of alveoli throughout the entire acinus. The panacinar emphysema is rare and its most common cause is hereditary alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The centriacinar emphysema is the most frequent emphysema. It is mainly caused by smoking but also by coal dust exposure and advanced age.
Cardiac Hepatopathy
Authors: Ignacio Fortea Jose , Puente Ángela , Cuadrado Antonio , Huelin Patricia , García Inés , Mayorga Marta , Pellon Raul , Crespo Javier , Fábrega Emilio
Published: September 2019

Liver disease resulting from heart disease has generally been referred as “cardiac hepatopathy.” The two main forms of cardiac hepatopathy are acute cardiogenic liver injury (ACLI) and congestive hepatopathy (CH). ACLI most commonly occurs in the setting of acute cardiocirculatory failure, whereas CH results from passive venous congestion in the setting of chronic right-sided heart failure (HF). Both conditions often coexist and potentiate the deleterious effects of each other on the liver. In CH, the chronic passive congestion leads to sinusoidal hypertension, centrilobular fibrosis, and ultimately, cirrhosis (“cardiac cirrhosis”) and hepatocellular carcinoma. The differentiation between congestion and fibrosis currently represents an unmet need and a growing research area. Although cardiac cirrhosis may only arise after several decades of ongoing injury, the long-term survival of cardiac patients due to advances in medical and surgical treatments is responsible for the increased number of liver complications in this setting. Eventually, the liver disease could become as clinically relevant as the cardiac disease and further complicate its management.
Descartes on the Highest Good
Authors: Svensson Frans ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2019

What is the highest good? In the ethics of René Descartes, we can distinguish between at least seven different answers to this question: (a) God; (b) the sum of all the different goods that “we either possess . . . or have the power to acquire” (CSMK, 324/AT 5, 82); (c) free will; (d) virtue; (e) love of God; (f) wisdom; and (g) supernatural beatitude. In this paper, I argue that each of these answers, in Descartes’s view, provides the correct particular conception, relative to a distinct sense or concept of the highest good. Just as there are seven different conceptions of the highest good, according to Descartes, there are thus also seven different senses or concepts of the highest good.
Avaliação nutricional em crianças de uma creche privada de Santa Maria, RS
Authors: Garlet Valéria , Zanini Ronan Fernandes , Fuke Gitane
Published: September 2019

Hábitos alimentares saudáveis devem ser estimulados já nos primeiros anos de vida. O ambiente no qual a criança está inserida possui grande influência em sua formação. Assim, a escola é um importante mediador nessa construção. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma avaliação nutricional das crianças de uma creche privada da cidade de Santa Maria, RS. Foram aplicados questionários avaliando frequência alimentar das crianças e prática de atividade física. Para a avaliação antropométrica, foi mensurado peso, estatura e idade. Constatou-se bom estado nutricional na maior parte das crianças.
Tempo/espaço do brincar: rotinas pedagógicas das aulas de educação física no ensino fundamental I
Authors: Tanaka Didma Daniel , Coffani Márcia Cristina Rodrigues da Silva Coffani , Gomes Cleomar Ferreira
Published: September 2019

A pesquisa investigou o tempo/espaço do brincar a partir da investigação descritiva das rotinas pedagógicas da escola e das aulas de Educação Física, de três turmas do primeiro ano, do Ensino Fundamental I, numa escola municipal em Cuiabá – MT. A pesquisa qualitativo-descritiva adotou como instrumentos de pesquisa: análises de fontes documentais; observações participantes das aulas de Educação Física; e entrevista semiestruturada com a professora de Educação Física. O estudo permite reflexões sobre o cotidiano das aulas de Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental I, marcadas por uma perspectiva de disciplinar o corpo da criança.
A saúde como tema do componente curricular Educação Física no Referencial Curricular “Lições do Rio Grande”
Authors: Abib Leonardo Trápaga , Silva Bruno de Oliveira e , Damico José Geraldo Soares
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar de que maneira o tema saúde é abordado no Referencial Curricular do Rio Grande do Sul – Lições do Rio Grande, mais especificamente no componente curricular Educação Física. A partir da análise dos textos que versam sobre Educação Física no referencial e dos cadernos do professor e do aluno, algumas considerações puderam ser feitas: o deslocamento do tema saúde de uma dimensão do saber-fazer para o saber-sobre; uma concepção ampliada sobre saúde, no tocante às suas diferentes dimensões; a saúde enquanto um conteúdo em diferentes temas estruturantes do currículo proposto para a Educação Física.
O jogo nas aulas de educação física na educação infantil: do interesse pedagógico da educação física à produção de compreensão das crianças
Authors: Furtado Renan Santos , De Brito Alice Pequeno , Pinheiro Jakeline de Souza , Medeiros Milena Vasconcelos , Pinto Victória Baía
Published: September 2019

A presente pesquisa se caracteriza por ser uma reflexão teórica oriunda de uma experiência pedagógica. Desse modo, apresenta como objeto principal de sua reflexão a investigação do modo como as crianças da Educação Infantil da Escola de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Pará (EAUFPA) produzem compreensão a respeito do jogo nas aulas de Educação Física. Por via da metodologia da pesquisa-ação e da técnica da documentação utilizada para a interpretação dos dados obtidos em atividade de registro, sinalizamos que as crianças compreendem o jogo a partir de termos como; regras, diversão, estratégia, união, cooperação, respeito e felicidade.
Esporte, experiência e conhecimento: um diálogo possível na educação física
Authors: Carlan Paulo , Dürks Daniel Bardini
Published: September 2019

Este artigo propõe-se a refletir a relação entre esporte na contemporaneidade e experiência estética como uma possibilidade de conhecimento. O esporte, por muito tempo, tem sido concebido a partir das ciências da natureza; compreensão essa que tem uma extensa tradição na Educação Física, que, de certa perspectiva, se afasta de um “olhar” das Ciências Humanas e Sociais. Reconhecer que o esporte pode ser compreendido a partir da experiência estética, conferindo ao corpo outro status no processo de conhecimento da realidade, não negando a dimensão conceitual, mas tomando-o, enquanto linguagem, sob uma perspectiva fenomenológica-hermenêutica, é o nosso propósito.