bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural correlation in water probed by hyper-Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Shelton David P.
Published: October 2017

Second-harmonic or hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) is sensitive to molecular interactions and correlations, and there is a large coherent HRS contribution for water. This work shows that the distinctive angle and polarization dependence observed for HRS from water is due to the long-range orientation correlation of the molecules. The results of HRS experiments for water are analyzed in combination with a molecular dynamics simulation to determine the molecular hyperpolarizability and the short-range and long-range orientation correlation functions for the molecules. At long range, the longitudinal and transverse dipole-dipole orientation correlation functions are BL(r) = −2BT(r) = a3/r3 with a = 0.166 nm. Molecular correlation at distances r > 100 nm must be included to account for the HRS observations.
Magnetic loss, permeability, and anisotropy compensation in CoO-doped Mn-Zn ferrites
Authors: Beatrice Cinzia , Dobák Samuel , Tsakaloudi Vasiliki , Ragusa Carlo , Fiorillo Fausto , Martino Luca , Zaspalis Vassilis
Published: October 2017

Mn-Zn ferrite samples prepared by conventional solid state reaction method and sintering at 1325 °C were Co-enriched by addition of CoO up to 6000 ppm and characterized versus frequency (DC – 1GHz), peak polarization (2 mT – 200 mT), and temperature (23 °C – 120 °C). The magnetic losses at room temperature are observed to pass through a deep minimum value around 4000 ppm CoO at all polarizations values. This trend is smoothed out either by approaching the MHz range or by increasing the temperature. Conversely, the initial permeability attains its maximum value around the same CoO content, while showing moderate monotonical decrease with increasing CoO at the typical working temperatures of 80 – 100 °C. The energy losses, measured by a combination of fluxmetric and transmission line methods, are affected by the eddy currents, on the conventional 5 mm thick ring samples, only beyond a few MHz. Their assessment relies on the separation of rotational and domain wall processes, which can be done by analysis of the complex permeability and its frequency behavior. This permits one, in particular, to calculate the magnetic anisotropy and its dependence on CoO content and temperature and bring to light its decomposition into the host lattice and Co2+ temperature dependent contributions. The temperature and doping dependence of initial permeability and magnetic losses can in this way be qualitatively justified, without invoking the passage through zero value of the effective anisotropy constant upon doping.
Investigation of measurement method of saturation magnetization of iron core material using electromagnet
Authors: Shibataki Takuya , Takahashi Yasuhito , Fujiwara Koji
Published: October 2017

This paper discusses a measurement method for saturation magnetizations of iron core materials using an electromagnet, which can apply an extremely large magnetic field strength to a specimen. It is said that electrical steel sheets are completely saturated at such a large magnetic field strength over about 100 kA/m. The saturation magnetization can be obtained by assuming that the completely saturated specimen shows a linear change of the flux density with the magnetic field strength because the saturation magnetization is constant. In order to accurately evaluate the flux density in the specimen, an air flux between the specimen and a winding of B-coil for detecting the flux density is compensated by utilizing an ideal condition that the incremental permeability of saturated specimen is equal to the permeability of vacuum. An error of magnetic field strength caused by setting a sensor does not affect the measurement accuracy of saturation magnetization. The error is conveniently cancelled because the saturation magnetization is a function of a ratio of the magnetic field strength to its increment. It may be concluded that the saturation magnetization can be easily measured with high accuracy by using the proposed method.
Hysteresis properties of the amorphous high permeability Co66Fe3Cr3Si15B13 alloy
Authors: Tsepelev V. S. , Starodubtsev Yu. N. , Tsepeleva N. P.
Published: October 2017

The scaling law of minor loops was studied on an amorphous alloy Co66Fe3Cr3Si15B13 with a very high initial permeability (more than 150000) and low coercivity (about 0.1 A/m). An analytical expression for the coercive force in the Rayleigh region was derived. The coercive force is connected with the maximal magnetic field Hmax via the reversibility coefficient μi/ηHmax. Reversibility coefficient shows the relationship between reversible and irreversible magnetization processes. A universal dependence of magnetic losses for hysteresis Wh on the remanence Br with a power factor of 1.35 is confirmed for a wide range of magnetic fields strengths.
Polarity effect variation on electrical breakdown of water under sub-millisecond pulses
Authors: Li Xiandong , Liu Yi , Zhou Guyue , Liu Siwei , Li Zhiyuan , Gao Guozhen , Lin Fuchang
Published: October 2017

Electrical breakdown of tap water (350 μS·cm−1) under sub-millisecond pulses (0.5 ms) with a gap distance of 3–35 mm has been investigated. It was found that the gap distance has a great influence on the polarity effect of underwater electrical breakdown, including breakdown mode, breakdown voltage, and pre-breakdown time delay. Under positive voltage impulses, the breakdown voltage increases with the gap distance; meanwhile, the pre-breakdown time delay decreases, and both of them show a saturation trend. Under negative voltage impulses, the breakdown voltage and pre-breakdown time delay increase with the gap distance, and the pre-breakdown time delay shows a saturation trend. Consequently, the polarity effect on the breakdown characteristics is varied with the gap distance. Further investigation by high speed optical observation confirmed that the polarity effect variation is closely related to the breakdown mode transition of positive polarity with the gap distance. Finally, a simple model based on the linear propagation assumption was proposed to predict the variation of the breakdown voltage with the gap distance.
Phase-field study on geometry-dependent migration behavior of voids under temperature gradient in UO2 crystal matrix
Authors: Chen Weijin , Peng Yuyi , Li Xu'an , Chen Kelang , Ma Jun , Wei Lingfeng , Wang Biao , Zheng Yue
Published: October 2017

In this work, a phase-field model is established to capture the void migration behavior under a temperature gradient within a crystal matrix, with an appropriate consideration of the surface diffusion mechanism and the vapor transport mechanism. The interfacial energy and the coupling between the vacancy concentration field and the crystal order parameter field are carefully modeled. Simulations are performed on UO2. The result shows that for small voids (with an area ≤ πμm2), the well-known characteristics of void migration, in consistence with the analytical model, can be recovered. The migration is manifested by a constant velocity and a minor change of the void shape. In contrast, for large voids (with an area of ∼10 μm2) initially in circular shapes, significant deformation of the void from a circular to cashew-like shape is observed. After long-time migration, the deformed void would split into smaller voids. The size-dependent behavior of void migration is due to the combined effect of the interfacial energy (which tends to keep the void in circular shape) and the surface diffusion flow (which tends to deform the void due to the nonuniform diffusion along the surface). Moreover, the initial shape of the void modifies the migration velocity and the time point when splitting occurs (for large voids) at the beginning of migration due to the shape relaxation of the void. However, it has a minor effect on the long-time migration. Our work reveals novel void migration behaviors in conditions where the surface-diffusion mechanism is dominant over the vapor transport mechanism; meanwhile, the size of the void lies at a mediate size range.
Paper-based assays for urine analysis
Authors: Lepowsky Eric , Ghaderinezhad Fariba , Knowlton Stephanie , Tasoglu Savas
Published: October 2017

A transformation of the healthcare industry is necessary and imminent: hospital-centered, reactive care will soon give way to proactive, person-centered care which focuses on individuals' well-being. However, this transition will only be made possible through scientific innovation. Next-generation technologies will be the key to developing affordable and accessible care, while also lowering the costs of healthcare. A promising solution to this challenge is low-cost continuous health monitoring; this approach allows for effective screening, analysis, and diagnosis and facilitates proactive medical intervention. Urine has great promise for being a key resource for health monitoring; unlike blood, it can be collected effortlessly on a daily basis without pain or the need for special equipment. Unfortunately, the commercial rapid urine analysis tests that exist today can only go so far—this is where the promise of microfluidic devices lies. Microfluidic devices have a proven record of being effective analytical devices, capable of controlling the flow of fluid samples, containing reaction and detection zones, and displaying results, all within a compact footprint. Moving past traditional glass- and polymer-based microfluidics, paper-based microfluidic devices possess the same diagnostic ability, with the added benefits of facile manufacturing, low-cost implementation, and disposability. Hence, we review the recent progress in the application of paper-based microfluidics to urine analysis as a solution to providing continuous health monitoring for proactive care. First, we present important considerations for point-of-care diagnostic devices. We then discuss what urine is and how paper functions as the substrate for urine analysis. Next, we cover the current commercial rapid tests that exist and thereby demonstrate where paper-based microfluidic urine analysis devices may fit into the commercial market in the future. Afterward, we discuss various fabrication techniques that have been recently developed for paper-based microfluidic devices. Transitioning from fabrication to implementation, we present some of the clinically implemented urine assays and their importance in healthcare and clinical diagnosis, with a focus on paper-based microfluidic assays. We then conclude by providing an overview of select biomarker research tailored towards urine diagnostics. This review will demonstrate the applicability of paper-based assays for urine analysis and where they may fit into the commercial healthcare market.
Active sieving across driven nanopores for tunable selectivity
Authors: Marbach Sophie , Bocquet Lydéric
Published: October 2017

Molecular separation traditionally relies on sieving processes across passive nanoporous membranes. Here we explore theoretically the concept of non-equilibrium active sieving. We investigate a simple model for an active noisy nanopore, where gating—in terms of size or charge—is externally driven at a tunable frequency. Our analytical and numerical results unveil a rich sieving diagram in terms of the forced gating frequency. Unexpectedly, the separation ability is strongly increased as compared to its passive (zero frequency) counterpart. It also points to the possibility of tuning dynamically the osmotic pressure. Active separation outperforms passive sieving and represents a promising avenue for advanced filtration.
Polynomial modal method for analysis of the coupling between a gap plasmon waveguide and a square ring resonator
Authors: Edee Kofi
Published: October 2017

When a Metal-Insulator-Metal waveguide is coupled with a ring resonator, one expects, for a given integer referring to cavity mode number, exactly one resonance phenomenon. However, numerical simulations of the spectrum of the transmission of the structure highlight two resonances around certain values of the resonance wavelength. This phenomenon was numerically studied thanks to a Finite Difference Time Domain method. Until now, and to my knowledge, this phenomenon is linked to a correlation between the standing waves forming in the ring at the resonance wavelength and the faces and corners of the ring. In this document, I present a new physical analysis and interpretation of the transmission spectrum anomaly of the square ring resonator. By using an efficient polynomial modal method, I show that this phenomenon is due to the interference of hybrid modes of the superstructure.
Size-dependent bandgap and particle size distribution of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals
Authors: Ferreira D. L. , Sousa J. C. L. , Maronesi R. N. , Bettini J. , Schiavon M. A. , Teixeira A. V. N. C. , Silva A. G.
Published: October 2017

A new analytical expression for the size-dependent bandgap of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals is proposed within the framework of the finite-depth square-well effective mass approximation in order to provide a quantitative description of the quantum confinement effect. This allows one to convert optical spectroscopic data (photoluminescence spectrum and absorbance edge) into accurate estimates for the particle size distributions of colloidal systems even if the traditional effective mass model is expected to fail, which occurs typically for very small particles belonging to the so-called strong confinement limit. By applying the reported theoretical methodologies to CdTe nanocrystals synthesized through wet chemical routes, size distributions are inferred and compared directly to those obtained from atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This analysis can be used as a complementary tool for the characterization of nanocrystal samples of many other systems such as the II-VI and III-V semiconductor materials.
Thermal conductivity of thermoelectric material β-Cu2Se: Implications on phonon thermal transport
Authors: Namsani Sadanandam , Auluck Sushil , Singh Jayant K.
Published: October 2017

Thermal transport properties associated with the thermal structure evolution of β-Cu2Se are studied using density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Thermal conductivity of β-Cu2Se is calculated over a temperature range of 400–1000 K using reverse non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The thermal conductivity found through MD simulations decreases monotonically with increasing temperature, which is in line with the reported experimental data and our calculated DFT data. The average phonon mean free path evaluated using the kinetic theory, found to be within the range of 1.0–1.5 Å, decreases with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we have investigated the temperature-dependent heat transport phenomena using phonon density of states, calculated using MD simulations. The phonon modes are found to shift towards the low frequency numbers with increasing temperature, indicating lower heat carrying capacity of the material and in agreement with the computed thermal conductivity.
Characterization of the [18.28]0−–a3Δ1 (0,0) band of tantalum nitride, TaN
Authors: Steimle Timothy , Kokkin Damian L. , Linton Colan , Cheng Lan
Published: October 2017

The [18.28]0−–a3Δ1 (0,0) band near 647 nm of tantalum nitride, TaN, has been recorded and analyzed field-free and in the presence of static electric and magnetic fields. The fine and hyperfine parameters for the a3Δ1 and [18.28]0− states are determined. The 181Ta(I = 7/2) axial nuclear electric quadrupole coupling constant, eQq0, and the effective magnetic hyperfine coupling constant, h1, are used to garner insight into the nature of electronic states. The Stark tuning of the P(2) and Q(1) lines was analyzed to determine the molecular frame permanent electric dipole moment, μ→el, for the a3Δ1 state of 4.49 ± 0.09 D. The Zeeman effect on the P(1) line was analyzed to determine an upper limit of the magnetic moment, μ→m, for the a3Δ1 state. Scalar-relativistic coupled-cluster calculations for eQq0 and μ→el of the a3Δ1 state are also reported and compared with experimental results. The determined properties are compared with the predicted values and the implication of the proposed scheme for determination of the 181Ta magnetic quadrupole moment is discussed.
Melting phase change of n-eicosane inside triangular cavity of two orientations
Authors: Dhaidan Nabeel S.
Published: October 2017

Utilization of the latent heat of the phase change material (PCM) as a thermal energy storage medium is a promising solution compared with sensible energy storage. In this paper, melting of n-eicosane as a PCM inside two orientations of triangular containers is investigated numerically. The one storage cavity is a lower-base container (LBC) and the other is the upper-base container (UBC). The heat is supplied on one side while the other two sides are thermally insulated. The parametric study analyzes the effects of the temperature of a hot wall, the size of the container, and subcooling parameter on the melting process inside two orientations of the cavity. The simulated results unfold that melting rate and the resulting acceleration in charging time is higher in the UBC than that in the LBC. The hot-wall temperature and the size of the container have significant effects on the melt fraction and melting rate. Increasing the temperature of a hot wall and/or decreasing the size of the storage unit leads to expediting the melting for both cavities. Also, the computational findings show unfavorable and relatively unimportant influences of the subcooling parameter on the melting process.
Home range, den selection and habitat use of Carolina northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus)
Authors: Diggins Corinne A. , Silvis Alexander , Kelly Christine A. , Ford W. Mark
Published: October 2017

Context Understanding habitat selection is important for determining conservation and management strategies for endangered species. The Carolina northern flying squirrel (CNFS; Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) is an endangered subspecies found in the high-elevation montane forests of the southern Appalachians, USA. The primary use of nest boxes to monitor CNFS has provided biased information on habitat use for this subspecies, as nest boxes are typically placed in suitable denning habitat. Aims We conducted a radio-telemetry study on CNFS to determine home range, den site selection and habitat use at multiple spatial scales. Methods We radio-collared 21 CNFS in 2012 and 2014–15. We tracked squirrels to diurnal den sites and during night-time activity. Key results The MCP (minimum convex polygon) home range at 95% for males was 5.2±1.2ha and for females was 4.0±0.7. The BRB (biased random bridge) home range at 95% for males was 10.8±3.8ha and for females was 8.3±2.1. Den site (n=81) selection occurred more frequently in montane conifer dominate forests (81.4%) vs northern hardwood forests or conifer–northern hardwood forests (9.9% and 8.7%, respectively). We assessed habitat selection using Euclidean distance-based analysis at the 2nd order and 3rd order scale. We found that squirrels were non-randomly selecting for habitat at both 2nd and 3rd order scales. Conclusions At both spatial scales, CNFS preferentially selected for montane conifer forests more than expected based on availability on the landscape. Squirrels selected neither for nor against northern hardwood forests, regardless of availability on the landscape. Additionally, CNFS denned in montane conifer forests more than other habitat types. Implications Our results highlight the importance of montane conifer to CNFS in the southern Appalachians. Management and restoration activities that increase the quality, connectivity and extent of this naturally rare forest type may be important for long-term conservation of this subspecies, especially with the impending threat of anthropogenic climate change.
Dynamics and unsteady morphologies at ice interfaces driven by D
2
O–H
2
O exchange
Authors: Drori Ran , Holmes-Cerfon Miranda , Kahr Bart , Kohn Robert V. , Ward Michael D.
Published: October 2017

Significance

Freezing and melting of ice are one of the most common events on Earth. The dynamics of ice crystallization are relevant to climate research, mitigating frost damage in agriculture and construction, glacier dynamics, tissue and food preservation, and transportation. We describe the use of microfluidic devices, accompanied by precise temperature control, to examine the effect of H/D isotope exchange between liquid light water and solid heavy water on ice growth dynamics. These studies revealed unusual morphologies at the ice surface in contact with the liquid, including curious unsteady morphological features that give the appearance of oscillation due to complex interplay of H/D exchange, thermal gradients, and local surface curvature.
Balanced excitation and inhibition are required for high-capacity, noise-robust neuronal selectivity
Authors: Rubin Ran , Abbott L. F. , Sompolinsky Haim
Published: October 2017

Significance

Neurons and networks in the cerebral cortex must operate reliably despite multiple sources of noise. Using a mathematical analysis and model simulations, we show that noise robustness requires synaptic connections to be in a balanced regime in which excitation and inhibition are strong and largely cancel each other. Our theory predicts an optimal ratio for the number of excitatory and inhibitory synapses that depends on the statistics of afferent activity and is consistent with data. This distinct form of excitation–inhibition balance is essential for robust neuronal selectivity and crucial for stability in associative memory networks, and it emerges automatically from learning in the presence of noise.
Distress and rumor exposure on social media during a campus lockdown
Authors: Jones Nickolas M. , Thompson Rebecca R. , Dunkel Schetter Christine , Silver Roxane Cohen
Published: October 2017

Significance

During active shooter events when danger is imminent and official information is disseminated inconsistently, ambiguity is high. In these situations, individuals may seek information from unofficial channels (e.g., social media), thereby exposing themselves to unverified information and rumors. In a study of students caught in a university-wide lockdown, we found that those who relied on social media for updates reported increased exposure to conflicting information. Moreover, those who trusted what they read reported greater distress. Then, using a big-data analysis of Twitter data spanning ∼5 hours surrounding the event, we demonstrated that rumor transmission tracks with community-level negative emotion during gaps in official communication. Officials should monitor social media channels to mitigate the negative impact of rumors during collective traumas.
Tectonic conformational changes of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein promote membrane fusion
Authors: Walls Alexandra C. , Tortorici M. Alejandra , Snijder Joost , Xiong Xiaoli , Bosch Berend-Jan , Rey Felix A. , Veesler David
Published: October 2017

Significance

The pandemic potential of coronaviruses was recently demonstrated twice by global outbreaks of deadly pneumonia. The spike (S) glycoprotein initiates infection through conformational changes that remain largely uncharacterized. Here we report the cryoEM structure of an S glycoprotein in the postfusion state, showing large-scale rearrangements compared with the prefusion trimer. We further characterized the refolding of the metastable prefusion conformation using limited proteolysis, mass spectrometry, and single-particle EM. The observed similarity to paramyxovirus F structures demonstrates a conserved refolding trajectory and supports the evolutionary relatedness of their fusion subunits. Finally, our data provide a structural framework for understanding antibody neutralization and for engineering vaccines against this medically important virus family.
Uncontroversial arguments
Authors: Dufour Michel
Published: October 2017

Most contemporary argumentation theories stress the pragmatic and interactive aspects of argument. Some even claim that any argument takes place in a dialectical and/or dialogical context, based on a preliminary disagreement. Hence all arguments could be said to be controversial. I propose a revision of this view, based on a distinction between dialogical and dialectical, two terms often considered as synonymous. I suggest they do not entail each other and an agonistic connotation is associated only to dialectic. A second suggestion is that, unless you make it a postulate, an argument does not always presume a preliminary disagreement between individual arguers or communities. There are arguments which are not controversial. I admit that it is possible to imagine a virtual opponent to any standpoint but, in practice, sometimes nobody opposes our arguments. This may happen when someone puts forward strongly field or disciplinary dependent arguments in front of people who are beginners or outsiders with no opinion about the standpoint at stake. This may look like borderline cases, but this kind of situation is quite frequent in the media. Hence, in practice there are uncontroversial arguments and argumentation theories should take into account that the reach of argument goes beyond expert controversies and across unforeseen communities.
Connection premises
Authors: van Laar Jan Albert
Published: October 2017

By presenting an argument, a proponent commits himself or herself to the adequacy of the connection between the argument’s premises and its conclusion. What is this connection, and when is it adequate? I deal with these questions by using insights and techniques from dialectical approaches to argumentation. First, I show that by advancing an argument, the proponent commits himself or herself to its connection proposition, which dose not generalize upon the conclusion and premises. When a challenge turns this connection proposition into a connection premise, there may be a particularist defence available, so that the proponent need not commit himself or herself to any generalization of it. Second, I pay attention to situations where the proponent does choose to support the connection premise by means of a general argumentation scheme, showing there to be a variety of ways to justify that scheme.
The interpreter-mediated police interview as argumentative discourse in context
Authors: Garzone Giuliana
Published: October 2017

This study focuses on the police interview with the purpose of showing that, when it is aimed at ascertaining and proving a suspect’s guilt, it has an essentially argumentative character, unfolding as a critical discussion, although this is not at first sight evident and has hardly been noticed in the literature so far, probably on account of the strict structural and procedural constraints to which this institutional discursive event is subject. The analysis takes as its starting point a case study, an interpreter-mediated interview involving an Italian suspect arrested in England, and reconstructs the argumentative discussion and the argumentation schemes deployed in it. It also examines the impact of the presence of the interpreter as a complicating factor that makes the nature of the interview as a critical discussion even more difficult to pinpoint, also because of the extreme fragmentation of dialogue associated with language mediation.

The approach taken here for argument reconstruction and for the analysis and evaluation of the argumentative process in the police interview is essentially based on pragmadialectics (van Eemeren, Grootendorst, & Snoeck Henkemans, 2002; van Eemeren, & Grootendorst, 1995a, 1995b, 2004). The main standpoints and the difference of opinion that the interview is aimed at resolving are identified, then the focus shifts to the reconstruction of the argumentation structure of the event and the argumentation schemes deployed.

By studying the use of argumentation in a highly regulated institutional context, where communication is subject to stringent restrictions, this study intends to contribute to the understanding of context-dependency in argumentative discourse, with special consideration for the meso-context (police investigative procedures, interpreter mediation) and the macro-context (the judicial legal process) and their consequences for the strategic maneuvering (cf. van Eemeren, 2011, p. 144). A further element explored is the marked power asymmetry between interlocutors inherent in the police interview as an activity type and the impact of interpreter mediation on the interaction, and in particular on the advancement of argumentation.
Caught between profitability and responsibility
Authors: Catenaccio Paola
Published: October 2017

This study investigates the discursive strategies of self-legitimation enacted by pharmaceutical companies during the 1998 drug-access crisis debate in South Africa, framing them within the context of the then emerging discourse of corporate social responsibility. The crisis erupted when thirty-nine pharmaceutical companies sued the South African government for passing a law that permitted the production of generic drugs to fight the AIDS epidemics, in open defiance of international patent laws. Working from a pragmadialectic perspective embedded in a broader discourse analytical framework, the study reconstructs the arguments brought forth by the two parties in the debate on the basis of a close reading of legal and media documents produced in the course of the case. The difference of opinion at the heart of the debate – whether commercial rights of companies could be overridden in the name of higher-level human rights – was eventually resolved in favour of the human rights approach through voluntary withdrawal of the case on the part of the pharmaceutical companies. However, the clash of ideologies it unveiled has remained largely unresolved, and attempts to negotiate a position that may grant the pharmaceutical sector a license to operate while preserving its commercial mission continue to feature extensively in the CSR communication of the pharmaceutical industry. The analysis of the unfolding of the debate and the evaluation of the arguments brought forth in its course and of the underlying assumptions from which they descended highlight a number of crucibles which continue to be central to today’s CSR discourse, and suggest that argumentation theory has an important role to play in the public understanding of social and economic developments.
Beyond metaphors and traditions
Authors: Bilandzic Helena , Busselle Rick
Published: October 2017

Scholars have used a range of labels to describe the subjective experience of entering a narrative and losing awareness of the actual, immediate world (e.g., absorption, transportation, engagement). This chapter begins by considering these labels at metaphorical and conceptual levels, suggesting that metaphoric descriptions of the phenomena are insufficient for understanding the experience at conceptual and theoretical levels. The chapter then conceptually describes constructs that are central to research on narrative engagement and locates them as core to a narrative experience, partially overlapping with narrative experience or distinct from but correlated with the experience. It concludes with considerations related to the measurement of different aspects of experiences with narratives.
The role of absorption processes in narrative health communication
Authors: de Graaf Anneke , van Leeuwen Lonneke
Published: October 2017

This chapter reviews the research area of absorption in narrative health impact. First, we elaborate on theoretical models that describe how absorption processes may lead to story-consistent outcomes, such as health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Then, we discuss empirical studies that test the role of absorption in narrative health impact. In this research area, theory and research converge that absorption into narratives is associated with health-related outcomes. Absorption processes like transportation and identification can be related to narrative health impact through a reduction of counter arguing, but other types of thoughts likely compensate for this reduction. In addition, self-referencing has been identified as a process that can play a role in narrative health impact. This review underscores the unique potential for absorption into narrative worlds to have an impact on healthy behavior.
Voice and silence in the suburbs of São Paulo
Authors: Galdeano Ana Paula
Published: October 2017

In the city of São Paulo the “world of crime” has grown and become just another organizing category of social life. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the meanings of violence in this new context. Using ethnographical studies that were carried out in a public sphere in which police officers, residents and representatives of local institutions talk about insecurity and the “perpetrators” of violence, this article discusses the speech acts and the silences that emerge from these meetings. The study highlights that not only order but also conflict are present when we talk about violence.
From the side of the road to the borders of the page
Authors: Goldstein Ruth
Published: October 2017

Latin America’s Inter-Oceanic Road runs some 5800 kilometers from Peru’s Pacific coast to Brazil’s Atlantic coast. It is Latin America’s newest and longest East-West thoroughfare, a transnational development project involving Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, and international sponsors. The road changes the social, political, and economic landscape – cutting through indigenous land in the Peruvian Andes as well as the Peruvian, Brazilian, and Bolivian Amazon. It traverses the analytical and linguistic terrain upon which international governing bodies construct and maintain human rights laws. Among the many people and things traveling along the road are men searching for menial jobs and women destined for the sex-trade. The wording of evolving human rights discourse concerning trafficked persons includes as it excludes, leaving many women who cross borders living in the interstices of society. In these “zones of abandonment” (Biehl 2005) or zones of “non-being” (Fanon 1967) women have no documentation of their existence, may not speak (any of) the (new) country’s language(s), and more often than not, do not know how to read and write. Often, but not always, these men and women are left without a voice, that is to say, without the right words with which to articulate and protect themselves.
The circulation of violence in discourse
Authors: Silva Daniel
Published: October 2017

This paper examines two hypotheses concerning the relationship between language and violence. (1) Language does not merely represent violence, but enacts its own type of violence. (2) The use of violent language participates in the demarcation of political and subjective viability in the public sphere. I argue that these hypotheses are true to the extent that discourse circulates. I elaborate on two models of discourse circulation: iterability, a concept that Jacques Derrida proposed and that Judith Butler borrows in her understanding of the performativity of hate speech, and communicability, an anthropological concept devised by Charles Briggs to envision the complex infectious character of modern discourses. This paper also looks at the communicability of violent discourse in Brazilian contemporary political life.
On languages, bodies and epistemic violence
Authors: Pinto Joana Plaza
Published: October 2017

This paper discusses the articulations between the differentiations of bodies and the invention of languages. As post-colonial and decolonial authors and feminist authors point out, in spite of their central role in the construction and classification of languages, bodies tend to become invisible in the scholarship. To explore this intersection between scholarship on language and bodies, this paper argues that (1) there are two fields of contemporary studies that can account for the junction of differentiations of bodies and the differentiations of languages, namely feminist studies on intersectionality and studies on metapragmatics and metadiscursive regimes about languages; and (2) epistemic violence is the best category to explain some perverse consequences of this junction, since appropriation and effacement work together to invent languageless differences.
RECQ-like helicases Sgs1 and BLM regulate R-loop–associated genome instability
Authors: Chang Emily Yun-Chia , Novoa Carolina A. , Aristizabal Maria J. , Coulombe Yan , Segovia Romulo , Chaturvedi Richa , Shen Yaoqing , Keong Christelle , Tam Annie S. , Jones Steven J.M. , Masson Jean-Yves , Kobor Michael S. , Stirling Peter C.
Published: October 2017

Sgs1, the orthologue of human Bloom’s syndrome helicase BLM, is a yeast DNA helicase functioning in DNA replication and repair. We show that SGS1 loss increases R-loop accumulation and sensitizes cells to transcription–replication collisions. Yeast lacking SGS1 accumulate R-loops and γ-H2A at sites of Sgs1 binding, replication pausing regions, and long genes. The mutation signature of sgs1Δ reveals copy number changes flanked by repetitive regions with high R-loop–forming potential. Analysis of BLM in Bloom’s syndrome fibroblasts or by depletion of BLM from human cancer cells confirms a role for Sgs1/BLM in suppressing R-loop–associated genome instability across species. In support of a potential direct effect, BLM is found physically proximal to DNA:RNA hybrids in human cells, and can efficiently unwind R-loops in vitro. Together, our data describe a conserved role for Sgs1/BLM in R-loop suppression and support an increasingly broad view of DNA repair and replication fork stabilizing proteins as modulators of R-loop–mediated genome instability.
Response of Magnetic Force Microscopy Probes under AC Magnetic Field
Authors: Sungthong A , Ruksasakchai P , Saengkaew K , Cheowanish I , Damrongsak B
Published: October 2017

In this paper, magnetic force microscopy (MFM) probes with different coating materials were characterized under AC magnetic field. A perpendicular magnetic write head similar to those used in hard disk drives was employed as the AC magnetic field generator. In order to measure a response of MFM probes to AC magnetic field, a MFM probe under test was scanned, at a scan height of 10 nm, across the surface of the magnetic write head. During MFM imaging, the write head was biased by a sufficient magnitude of AC current, approximately 30 mA. A spectral analysis for a frequency sweep from 1 kHz to 100 MHz was extracted from post-processing MFM images. As expected, a MFM probe coated with hard magnetic alloys, i.e. FePt, has the lowest response to AC magnetic fields. MFM probes coated with soft magnetic alloys, i.e. NiFe and NiCoCr, have a relatively high and flat response across the frequency range. Ni coated MFM probe has the highest response to AC magnetic fields. In addition, CoCr and NiCo coated MFM probes show lower response than NiFe and NiCoCr probes at low frequencies; however, theirs response to AC magnetic field increase for the AC magnetic field with a frequency above 50 kHz. This can be implied that those MFM probes are a good candidate for being used to study the high-frequency performance of perpendicular magnetic write heads. Noting that response of all MFM probes significantly decreased when driven frequencies above 1 MHz due to the limitation of the hardware, i.e. response of quadrant photodiode and op-amp in a pre-amplifier.
Magnetic Force Microscopy Characterization of Perpendicular Magnetic Writers with Wrap-around Shield
Authors: Sealim Butsaporn , Saengkaew Karnt , Cheowanish Ittipon , Damrongsak Badin
Published: October 2017

Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) was employed to characterize the magnetic field distribution of two different designs of perpendicular magnetic writers with fully wrap-around shield (WAS). Typical magnetic write heads, located on a slider at the so-called air bearing surface (ABS), are composed of a magnetic write pole and a magnetic return pole. The write pole has a much small cross section area at the ABS than the return pole which is connected to magnetic shield. The write pole and the shield are separated by a non-magnetic gap layer. The shield structure is designed in such a way that it can confine the magnetic fields without significantly degrading field strength. In this work, MFM imaging was used to investigate the relationship between the gap structure and magnetic field strength/gradient. Magnetic field distributions of two different head designs were compared and discussed in detail. Experimental results revealed that the magnetic field intensity is linearly proportional to pole dimensions, especially the pole width. The field gradient, however, is dependent on not only spacing gap between shields and the write pole, but also the pole widths and thicknesses.
The Measurement of Thermal Diffusivity in Conductor and Insulator by Photodeflection Technique
Authors: Achathongsuk U , Rittidach T , Tipmonta P , Kijamnajsuk P , Chotikaprakhan S
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this study is to estimate thermal diffusivities of high thermal diffusivity bulk material as well as low thermal diffusivity bulk material by using many types of fluid such as Ethyl alcohol and water. This method is studied by measuring amplitude and phase of photodeflection signal in various frequency modulations. The experimental setup consists of two laser lines: 1) a pump laser beams through a modulator, varied frequency, controlled by lock-in amplifier and focused on sample surface by lens. 2) a probe laser which parallels with the sample surface and is perpendicular to the pump laser beam. The probe laser deflection signal is obtained by a position sensor which controlled by lock-in amplifier. Thermal diffusivity is calculated by measuring the amplitude and phase of the photodeflection signal and compared with the thermal diffusivity of a standard value. The thermal diffusivity of SGG agrees well with the literature but the thermal diffusivity of Cu is less than the literature value by a factor of ten. The experiment requires further improvement to measure the thermal diffusivity of Cu. However, we succeed in using ethyl alcohol as the coupling medium instead of CCl4 which is highly toxic.
The determination of the energy values and the composition analysis of M-16 rifle black powders
Authors: Satee R , Dararutana P , Phutdhawong W
Published: October 2017

The determination of the energy values, specifically the heat of combustion of various M-16 black powders was the important part of the bullet efficiency investigations. The calorimetric bomb is commonly used for these determinations. Four M-16 black powders from the different sources were used as samples for this research. It was found that, after using calorimetric bomb technique, the gross heating value in Joules/g of sample S1-S4 were 10,647, 10,416, 5,281 and 3,878 respectively. The chemical compositions of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulfer (S) have also been determined. The results indicated that carbon and nitrogen compositions of sample S1 shown the highest values and provided little differences with sample S2 while sample S3 and S4 shown the lowest carbon and nitrogen percentage composition. The hydrogen composition of all samples was equally valued, however, only sample 3 and 4 displayed sulfur values while no sulfur values were detected from sample 1 and 2. From these results, the heat values and chemical composition of M-16 black powders were characterized their sources and the energy values might be estimated from the amount of carbon and nitrogen in the black powders. Thus, it would be possible to use this determination analysis in the forensic investigation.
Selected Screen for Engaging Students in Projectile Motion
Authors: Dramae A , Toedtanya K , Wuttiprom S
Published: October 2017

Connecting physics concepts to activities that are interesting to students or what they encounter in everyday life will help students build a strong foundation. When there is an interesting activity for the student, it will result in the student responding, engaging, and enthusiasm in learning. Learning activities that are based on what students are interested in and regularly experience will enable students to understand the long and memorable experience. Both of these will enhance the student’s learning experience. One of the activities that can be described in this research used the learning activity through movies, which is the application of the basic motion projectile for students to understand the characteristics of such movement. It also aims to further develop critical thinking skills of learners.
Performance of ZnO-doped recycled window glass as a thermoluminescence dosimeter
Authors: Thumsa-ard T , Laopaiboon R , Laopaiboon J
Published: October 2017

Thermoluminescence properties of Thai commercial window glass provided by Guardian Industries Corporation (denoted as WG) were studied. WG was doped with varying concentrations of ZnO. The composition of glass is 90WG-10Na2O-xZnO (where x = 0.000, 0.001, 0.010, 0.100, 1.000 mol%). Glass samples were recycled by using melt quenching technique and cut into the dimensions of 6×6×1 mm3. After irradiated glass samples with X-ray at photon energy 160 keV in absorb dose rang 0-14 mGy, the glow curve structure, TL sensitivity, linearity and minimum detectable dose were investigated.
xMWAS: a data-driven integration and differential network analysis tool
Authors: Uppal Karan , Ma Chunyu , Go Young-Mi , Jones Dean P
Published: October 2017

Integrative omics is a central component of most systems biology studies. Computational methods are required for extracting meaningful relationships across different omics layers. Various tools have been developed to facilitate integration of paired heterogenous omics data; however most existing tools allow integration of only two omics datasets. Furthermore, existing data integration tools do not incorporate additional steps of identifying sub-networks or communities of highly connected entities and evaluating the topology of the integrative network under different conditions. Here we present xMWAS, a software for data integration, network visualization, clustering, and differential network analysis of data from biochemical and phenotypic assays, and two or more omics platforms.

Availability and implementation

https://kuppal.shinyapps.io/xmwas (Online) and https://github.com/kuppal2/xMWAS/ (R)

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
SliceMap: an algorithm for automated brain region annotation
Authors: Barbier Michaël , Bottelbergs Astrid , Nuydens Rony , Ebneth Andreas , De Vos Winnok H
Published: October 2017

Many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer‘s Disease, pertain to or spread from specific sites of the brain. Hence, accurate disease staging or therapy assessment in transgenic model mice demands automated analysis of selected brain regions. To address this need, we have developed an algorithm, termed SliceMap, that enables contextual quantification by mapping anatomical information onto microtome-cut brain slices. For every newly acquired high-resolution image of a brain slice, the algorithm performs a coarse congealing-based registration to a library of pre-annotated reference slices. A subset of optimally matching reference slices is then used for refined, elastic registration. Morphotextural metrics are used to measure registration performance and to automatically detect poorly cut slices. We have implemented our method as a plugin for FIJI image analysis freeware, and we have used it to regionally quantify tau pathology in brain slices from a tauopathy (P301S) mouse model. By enabling region-based quantification, our method contributes to a more accurate assessment of neurodegenerative disease development.

Availability and implementation

The method is available as a plugin for FIJI from https://github.com/mbarbie1/SliceMap/, along with an example dataset and user instructions.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.