bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two new species of the genus Siro Latreille, 1796 (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Sironidae) in the European fauna
Authors: Karaman Ivo , Lienhard Andrea , Niklos Kathrin , Raspotnig Guenther
Published: August 2022

Two new opilionid species from suborder Cyphophthalmi, family Sironidae, Siro franzi Karaman & Raspotnig sp. nov. and Siro ozimeci Karaman sp. nov., from Austria and Croatia respectively, are described and illustrated. Both species show a close relation to two other relict sironid species from the southern and eastern parts of the Alps, Siro valleorum and Siro crassus. All four species are treated here as a monophyletic, alpine group of genus Siro, opposed to the remaining two European sironids, S. rubens and S. carpaticus (palaeoeuropean Siro group). The history of the alpine Siro group parallels the history of a part of the dynamic European archipelago in the Mediterranean Tethys area, which became a part of the Alpine orogeny. Diversification of the alpine Siro group is the result of the orogenic evolution of the Alps, linked to the Austroalpine and South Alpine tectonic units.
Dawn raids and (dis)proportionality between the powers and obligations of the Commission for Protection of Competition
Authors: Begović Boris , Ilić Nikola
Published: August 2022

If there is a reasonable suspicion that evidence of competition law infringement may be destroyed or altered, the Commission for Protection of Competition (CPC) is authorized to inspect market participants' premises, without prior notice or any court order or even an effective ex-post court control. Such an investigation may disrupt the market participants' activities and reduce their competitiveness, which is contrary to the key goals of the competition law. This paper analyzes sources of law for the unannounced investigation in the European Union (EU) competition law and Serbian law, as well as the practice of conducting unannounced investigations in EU member states and Serbia. Based on the findings, the conclusion is that Serbia should adopt, among others, amendments to the Law on Protection of Competition, and regulation defining CPC's powers and obligations, so that any differences in CPC's conduct in the same or similar cases are decreased through uniform application of competition law, competition is effectively protected and legal uncertainty for market participants, which is currently significantly higher than in the EU member states, is reduced.
Conflict of law aspects of same-sex partnership concluded abroad: Some remarks from the aspect of domestic private international law
Authors: Pavlović Mina
Published: August 2022

Registered partnership is not regulated in the Serbian legal system, nor are there special conflict of law rules for this institute in the Law on resolving conflict of laws with regulations of other countries (the Serbian PIL Act). Therefore a question of conflict of law treatment of foreign registered partnership in the Serbian private international law is raised. In order to discover adequate conflict of law rule for determination of applicable law for the termination, personal and property effects of this relationship, the author examines if it is possible to do that through qualification or through creation of a new conflict of law rule in accordance with Article 2 of the PIL Act, which regulates filling the legal gaps. The author also points out to some conflict of law aspect of same-sex relationship (registered partnership) in cases with foreign element, if it is legalized in the Serbian legal system.
The perspectives of same-sex parenting in Serbia: Between needs and opportunities
Authors: Vlašković Veljko , Arsić Jelena
Published: August 2022

In the context of current aspirations in terms of drafting and adopting a regulation that would finally legalize same-sex unions in Serbia, particularly important issue relates to the effect of same-sex union on the legal position of a child in such unity. The recently published text of the Draft Law on Same-Sex Unions undoubtedly opens the space for considering certain solutions related to the rights and obligations of a same-sex partner of a parent of the child, which is of direct importance in terms of exercising rights of the child in family relations. Based on these provisions, the authors seek to analyze legal possibilities and restrictions regarding the regulation of parental duties and rights of the child in the context of same-sex unions in Serbia. In these efforts, the authors commence from the relevant legal framework that regulates family relations, and thereby indicate some possible solutions.
The long-lasting post-covid symptom: The case for the EU fiscal rules reform?
Authors: Babin Mihajlo , Ivanov Iva , Erić Miloš
Published: August 2022

The paper investigates compliance with the EU fiscal rules in the period 1992-2020. The EU fiscal rules are prescribed as guidelines and represent a typical example of the soft law approach. The negative impact of the soft law approach is more visible after the periods of economic crisis (2008-2009; 2020-2022). The non-compliance with the prescribed ceilings on the level of the budgetary deficit and public debt create instability and various adverse economic effects. In the paper it is shown that existing rules are not adequate for the job they were made for. It is shown that the design and enforcement of the rules are poor, and that actually the European Commission, the watchdog, is in fact a toothless dog. The goal of the paper is to present potential reform alternatives with the aim to contribute to the reestablishment of the sound fiscal framework in the EU. The paper is concluded with the proposal of a completely new approach for the fiscal rules reform - Growth-Enhancement Fiscal Policy Switch (GEFPS).
The consitutional obligation of an identical tax treatment of marriage, common law partnerships and same-sex partnerships in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Kostić Svetislav
Published: August 2022

In this paper the author focuses on the question of the tax treatment of same-sex partnerships in comparison to the treatment provided for heterosexual marriages and common law partnerships (extramarital unions) in the Serbian law. Namely, different treatment of certain social phenomena can represent a prohibited form of discrimination only under the condition that we show that the observed phenomena are comparable, precisely from the view point of the object of protection provided by the prohibition of discrimination. The problem we face is that our understanding of certain phenomena has changed over time, as best illustrated by the fact that Aristotle, who introduced the concept of discrimination, would have found it difficult to understand the postulate that all people are equal in their rights and obligations before the law. The author starts from the premise that the tax treatment of same-sex partnerships should be viewed through the perspective of the principle of equality in tax law, the principle contained in Article 91, para. 2 of the Serbian Constitution, which stipulates that the obligation to pay taxes and other duties shall be general and based on the economic power of taxpayers. Therefore, if a same-sex union contains the same aspects that affect the economic power of taxpayers, aspects that exist in the case of heterosexual marriage and extramarital union, then the Serbian Constitution requires us to provide it with equal tax treatment resulting from living in a heterosexual partnership. In this way the author opens up the space for a critical review of the tax norms in the 2021 Draft Law on Same-Sex Partnerships, i.e. for proposing solutions that would enable easier, and above all more sustainable key goal the law aspires to, which is to eliminate discrimination of the same-sex partnerships in the Serbian legal system.
New Belgian property law
Authors: Radonjić Aleksa
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to present newly enacted Book III on property of the Belgian Civil Code. However, the author does not make a review of the entire Book III, but makes a selection of the most interesting features of this new piece of legislation in the field of property law.
Participation of parents in the humanization of children's stay in hospitals
Authors: Ranković Dragica , Jovčić Ljiljana , Trbović Verica , Jezdimirović Danijela
Published: August 2022

Successful treatment of a child depends not only on the severity of the disease, but also on the child's attitude towards the disease and its treatment. In this regard, in addition to the treatment and health care of the child, it is necessary to provide psycho-social support, which is also needed by their parents, through the availability of information and counseling. Having in mind the specificity of the hospital context, it is considered that children suffering from chronic diseases have a higher level of awareness and understanding in relation to the population of the same age in the outpatient environment. Parents and health workers are the first to notice the concept of humanization of children in hospitals and give more importance to the characteristics of children with chronic diseases compared to those who have an acute emergency. Although the legal framework regulates children's health care in terms of decision-making, parents are traditionally considered key actors in decision-making on behalf of the child, primarily because they know what is best in his interest. Special attention in this paper is focused on the positive effects of involving parents, as members of the health team, in the psychological preparation of children for hospitalization or for some other medical procedures that await them in the hospital context.
Modeling simulation and analysis of textile pilling by using Upgraded Petri nets and two-level edge detection algorithm
Authors: Štrbac Perica , Pejanović Miloš , Reljić Mirjana
Published: August 2022

Upgraded Petri nets and a two-level edge detection algorithm for the modeling, simulation, detection, and analysis of textile pilling has used in this paper. There are two models in this paper. The first model is related to creating images with pilling on textiles. This model is represented at a low level of abstraction, using parallelism, synchronization, and preservation of model markup. After several iterations of the modeling, simulation, and analysis, the model transformed into a specific Python program. This program generates several hundred images of pilling on textiles. The second model refers to the modeling, simulation, and analysis of the preparation of generated images for entry into a program that uses a two-level algorithm for edge detection and generation of output images of detected pilling. An image preparation includes comparing pixel blocks (2x2, 4x4, and 8x8) of the image with textile pilling and the image without pilling. This image with pilling is modified regardless of the difference between the corresponding blocks. This image is an input to the two-level edge detection algorithm. The paper presents some examples of generated images of textile pilling and images with detected pilling. Errors due to the size of the comparison block about the exact pilling surface shown. The speed of image processing according to the size of the comparison blocks analyzed. Some guidelines represented for further research on pilling detection using Upgraded Petri nets and a two-level edge detection algorithm.
Database-assisted design of high-rise structures using ETABS software
Authors: Saini Dikshant S , Alipour Alice , Shafei Behrouz
Published: August 2022

This User s Manual is associated with the DAD_ETABS vesion 1.0 software based on the Database-Assisted Design (DAD) procedure for the design of high-rise steel buildings for wind, used in conjunction with the structural analysis and design program ETABS. For the design of structures for wind ETABS has so far been used in conjunction with static wind loads specified by building codes or wind engineering laboratories. The marriage of DAD with ETABS significantly enhances the capabilities of both programs. DAD allows the direct use of wind-tunnel measurements of time-varying pressure coefficients to determine the time-dependent wind loading induced by any directional wind speed. Structural and dynamic analyses performed by ETABS determine the dependence of any desired building response (i.e., member Demand-to-Capacity Indexes (DCI), inter-story drift ratios, floor accelerations) on wind speed and direction. Representations of this dependence, called response surfaces, are properties of the structure independent of wind climate. They are used to transform the matrix of the wind velocities at the building site into response matrices for as many responses as are required for structural design purposes. The elements of a response matrix are responses induced by their counterparts in the wind velocity matrix. For any response being considered, the vector whose components are the largest entry in each row of the response matrix is a data sample of the largest responses induced in the structure by the elements of the wind velocity matrix. The N-year response is obtained from that sample by using any appropriate extreme value estimation tool. The DAD_ETABS version 1.0 software was developed for the design of steel prismatic structures with rectangular shapes in plan. The User s Manual includes an example of the application of the software.
Selected Topics on Business Informatics: Editorial Introduction to Issue 31 of CSIMQ
Authors:   Department of Business Informatics, University of Gdansk, Piaskowa 9, 81-864 Sopot, Poland, Marcinkowski Bartosz
Published: August 2022

This thematic issue introduces two structured literature review articles as well as a couple of empirical ones. The authors of the literature reviews move into the broad field of assuring the quality of IT artifacts, focusing on different dimensions of the software engineering process. With the ever-increasing scale of computerization in more and more areas of life, insufficient emphasis on quality is not only associated with significant costs of bug-fixing. After all, considerable risks arise from the possibility of exploiting the vulnerabilities of the target product. In extreme cases, poor quality can lead to loss of health and life. Not surprisingly, academics and practitioners alike have been looking at this challenge for many years, and from numerous perspectives. The quality of IT artefacts also depends on the education of professionals and good understanding of application domains. The empirical papers concern educational issues regarding Enterprise Architecture and deepen our understanding of decentralized autonomous systems.
A Literature Review on the Challenges of Applying Test-Driven Development in Software Engineering
Authors: Staegemann Daniel , Volk Matthias , Perera Maneendra , Haertel Christian , Pohl Matthias , Daase Christian , Turowski Klaus
Published: August 2022

Due to the ongoing trend of digitalization, the importance of software for today’s society is continuously increasing. Naturally, there is also a huge interest in improving its quality, which led to a highly active research community dedicated to this aim. Consequently, a plethora of propositions, tools, and methods emerged from the corresponding efforts. One of the approaches that have become highly prominent is the concept of test-driven development (TDD) that increases the quality of created software by restructuring the development process. However, such a big change to the followed procedures is usually also accompanied by major challenges that pose a risk for the achievement of the set targets. In order to find ways to overcome them, or at least to mitigate their impact, it is necessary to identify them and to subsequently raise awareness. Furthermore, since the effect of TDD on productivity and quality is already extensively researched, this work focuses only on issues besides these aspects. For this purpose, a literature review is presented that focuses on the challenges of TDD. In doing so, challenges that can be attributed to the three categories of people, software, and process are identified and potential avenues for future research are discussed.
DESIGNING A REPRESENTATION OF JAKARTA'S MARITIME CULTURAL IDENTITY AT THE EXHIBITION AREA MUSEUM BAHARI, JAKARTA
Authors: Faturohman Firman , Soekardi Kresno Yulianto
Published: August 2022

This study describes the identity of Jakarta's maritime culture which is represented through the exhibition area at Museum Bahari. There are four maritime cultural identities of the maritime community in Jakarta that will be displayed in the exhibition area of the Museum Bahari, namely inclusive cultural identities, maritime knowledge, hardworking, and multiculturalism. The theme of the exhibition study on the cultural identity of the Jakarta maritime community was chosen because the current condition of the exhibition area of the Museum Bahari in Jakarta has not yet presented an exhibition area about Jakarta's marine life to accommodate visitors and the public, especially those from Jakarta and its surroundings. The research method used in this study is a qualitative research method. While the theory used in this research is the theory of cultural identity and the new museology paradigm that is oriented towards the community, which will then be applied to examine the exhibition system at the Museum Bahari. The research resulted in several exhibition themes that represent Jakarta's maritime identity which will then be presented in the exhibition area at the Museum Bahari by prioritizing education and entertainment for visitors and the public in the new museology paradigm.KEYWORDS: Museums; Exhibition Procedure; Maritime; Jakarta; New Museology
ACCULTURATION OF PERANAKAN CULTURE IN THE DIVERSITY OF LAKSA MENU IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Nugroho Akbar Haryo
Published: August 2022

The Peranakan refers to one ethnic group that originated from many Chinese ethnicities that intermarriage and assimilated with local people in many places in Southeast Asia. They bring many inventions, which enriched cultures and heritages in many Southeast Asian places. One of the most well-known cuisines from Peranakan birth is a Laksa. Laksa is a complex dish consisting of noodles, a side dish usually consisting of seafood, chicken, or egg, and savory broth with many spices and herbs. Laksa can be found in many Southeast Asian countries, especially places with a significant Chinese descendent population. The diversity of the laksa menu is a major marker of the influence of the Peranakan culinary culture in Southeast Asia.KEYWORDS: Laksa, Peranakan, Acculturation, Southeast Asia, Culinary
Septin7 is indispensable for proper skeletal muscle architecture and function
Authors: Gönczi Mónika , Ráduly Zsolt , Szabó László , Fodor János , Telek Andrea , Dobrosi Nóra , Balogh Norbert , Szentesi Péter , Kis Gréta , Antal Miklós , Trencsenyi György , Dienes Beatrix , Csernoch László
Published: August 2022

Today septins are considered as the fourth component of the cytoskeleton, with the Septin7 isoform playing a critical role in the formation of higher-order structures. While its importance has already been confirmed in several intracellular processes of different organs, very little is known about its role in skeletal muscle. Here, using Septin7 conditional knockdown (KD) mouse model, the C2C12 cell line, and enzymatically isolated adult muscle fibers, the organization and localization of septin filaments are revealed, and an ontogenesis-dependent expression of Septin7 is demonstrated. KD mice displayed a characteristic hunchback phenotype with skeletal deformities, reduction in in vivo and in vitro force generation, and disorganized mitochondrial networks. Furthermore, knockout of Septin7 in C2C12 cells resulted in complete loss of cell division while KD cells provided evidence that Septin7 is essential for proper myotube differentiation. These and the transient increase in Septin7 expression following muscle injury suggest that it may be involved in muscle regeneration and development.
trim-21 promotes proteasomal degradation of CED-1 for apoptotic cell clearance in C. elegans
Authors: Yuan Lei , Li Peiyao , Jing Huiru , Zheng Qian , Xiao Hui
Published: August 2022

The phagocytic receptor CED-1 mediates apoptotic cell recognition by phagocytic cells, enabling cell corpse clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Whether appropriate levels of CED-1 are maintained for executing the engulfment function remains unknown. Here, we identified the C. elegans E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif containing-21 (TRIM-21) as a component of the CED-1 pathway for apoptotic cell clearance. When the NPXY motif of CED-1 was bound to the adaptor protein CED-6 or the YXXL motif of CED-1 was phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase SRC-1 and subsequently bound to the adaptor protein NCK-1 containing the SH2 domain, TRIM-21 functioned in conjunction with UBC-21 to catalyze K48-linked poly-ubiquitination on CED-1, targeting it for proteasomal degradation. In the absence of TRIM-21, CED-1 accumulated post-translationally and drove cell corpse degradation defects, as evidenced by direct binding to VHA-10. These findings reveal a unique mechanism for the maintenance of appropriate levels of CED-1 to regulate apoptotic cell clearance.
Kohalikud tavad ja pühaduse poliitika Trakai järvestiku piirkonnas
Authors:   Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Lithuania, Leparskiene Lina
Published: August 2022

The lakeland of Trakai is a historically, culturally, and ecologically meaningful place in Lithuania, an important realm of memory and symbol of national identity. In 1991 the historical national park of Trakai was established, bringing under its umbrella material and intangible qualities of the cultural landscape and spirit of this place. This article approaches components of the genius loci of Trakai, interpreting this concept through the lenses of the politics of the protected areas in Lithuania, asserting it was closely intertwined with an idea of sacrum, based on the aim to represent regional specifics and ethnic identity of the Lithuanian nation. Based on long-term personal observations of how values and regulations of the historical national park of Trakai evolved and were introduced in the local context in practice, a critical approach is applied concerning the separation of the local community from their decision-making about the symbolic or physical usage of their surroundings. Multiethnicity with the significant Slavic cultural element of Trakai is discussed as one of the reasons explaining why folkways of the local inhabitants were not equally involved in the whole picture of place identity, leaving the human component of the genius loci aside. The analytical line of the article focuses on the contradiction between the peculiarities of the local culture and national ideas, while the empirical presentation of the theme is set forth through the presentation of the four dimensions of sacrum: historical, cultural, ecological, and human.
Karksi kihelkonna pühapaigad: mõningaid tähelepanekuid
Authors:   NGO Estonian Local Heritage Center, Mäemets Laura
Published: August 2022

This article gives a brief review about some of the most characteristic sacred natural places in Karksi parish based on place lore. These are: cemeteries/barrows, sandstone outcrops (so-called “Hells”) and places connected with Pell – a being of folk belief in Karksi parish (Mulgimaa). Vanapagan (“The Old Heathen”, also known as “The Old Devil”) can be seen as very popular supernatural being in Karksi’s oral tradition, which has historically been connected with many places in Karksi. Karksi parish can be seen as a centre of Pell tradition as most accounts of belief and customs that are referring to vernacular cult originate from Karksi. Unfortunately, most of its special sacrificial sites have been destroyed – like many other sacred places in Karksi. Both landscape and folklore can be seen as dynamic phenomenons connected and dependent on each other. Changes in landscape make changes in place lore. Natural sacred places preserve the values of the present and the past. They are essential phenomenons from the perspectives of historical memory, folklore, popular religion, and archaeology. Oral tradition can be significant and, even more, primary prerequisite considering protection of and both – physical and cultural – continuity of these kind of places.
Skimming for barcodes: rapid production of mitochondrial genome and nuclear ribosomal repeat reference markers through shallow shotgun sequencing
Authors: Hoban Mykle L. , Whitney Jonathan , Collins Allen G. , Meyer Christopher , Murphy Katherine R. , Reft Abigail J. , Bemis Katherine E.
Published: August 2022

DNA barcoding is critical to conservation and biodiversity research, yet public reference databases are incomplete. Existing barcode databases are biased toward cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and frequently lack associated voucher specimens or geospatial metadata, which can hinder reliable species assignments. The emergence of metabarcoding approaches such as environmental DNA (eDNA) has necessitated multiple marker techniques combined with barcode reference databases backed by voucher specimens. Reference barcodes have traditionally been generated by Sanger sequencing, however sequencing multiple markers is costly for large numbers of specimens, requires multiple separate PCR reactions, and limits resulting sequences to targeted regions. High-throughput sequencing techniques such as genome skimming enable assembly of complete mitogenomes, which contain the most commonly used barcoding loci (e.g., COI, 12S, 16S), as well as nuclear ribosomal repeat regions (e.g., ITS1&2, 18S). We evaluated the feasibility of genome skimming to generate barcode references databases for marine fishes by assembling complete mitogenomes and nuclear ribosomal repeats. We tested genome skimming across a taxonomically diverse selection of 12 marine fish species from the collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. We generated two sequencing libraries per species to test the impact of shearing method (enzymatic or mechanical), extraction method (kit-based or automated), and input DNA concentration. We produced complete mitogenomes for all non-chondrichthyans (11/12 species) and assembled nuclear ribosomal repeats (18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S) for all taxa. The quality and completeness of mitogenome assemblies was not impacted by shearing method, extraction method or input DNA concentration. Our results reaffirm that genome skimming is an efficient and (at scale) cost-effective method to generate all mitochondrial and common nuclear DNA barcoding loci for multiple species simultaneously, which has great potential to scale for future projects and facilitate completing barcode reference databases for marine fishes.
Entre las tramas: análisis de los tejidos urbanos
Authors:   Universidad de la República, Uruguay, Álvarez Pedrosian Eduardo
Published: August 2022

Programa en Comunicación, Arquitectura, Ciudad y Territorio (ACTCom), del Laboratorio Transdisciplinario de Etnografía Experimental (Labtee), Facultad de Información y Comunicación (FIC), Universidad de la República (Udelar).
La huida biográfica. (Nuevas formas de la biografía, nuevas representaciones del artista)
Authors: Amaro Castro Lorena
Published: August 2022

Crusat, Cristian. La huida biográfica. (Nuevas formas de la biografía, nuevas representaciones del artista). Valencia: Pre-Textos, 2020.
El misionero como medio China y la tolerancia ilustrada
Authors: Wenning Mario
Published: August 2022

El artículo se centra en el imaginario europeo sobre China durante la Edad Moderna temprana y su contribución al pensamiento ilustrado. Parto recordando la precaria condición del misionero jesuita en cuanto “medio complejo” de intercambio intercultural. Luego abordo la misión jesuita desde la perspectiva de la filosofía de los medios de comunicación e investigo la forma específica de subjetividad que fomentó. Finalmente, analizo las disputas intestinas de la Iglesia Católica y el protagonismo del misionero Domingo Navarrete, quien contribuyó al desarrollo de un discurso misionero ilustrado y crítico, el cual culminó en una política de tolerancia y en el surgimiento del secularismo europeo.
Anti-diabetic and Lipidemic Effect of Muskmelon Fruits and Seeds on Streptozocin Induced Diabetic Rat
Authors: Umerah N. N. , Onyeji G. N. , Okolie U. V. , Oly-Alawuba N. M. , Osum F. I. , Ani E. C. , Onwuamaeze C. P.
Published: August 2022

Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus Worldwide and its complex nature of predisposing one to different ailments like obesity, eye defect, cardiovascular diseases etc. calls for alternative measures in the management of the disease. Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is an underutilized food with a lot of nutritional and medical potential which are used traditionally in the management of different ailments like diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetes and anti-lipidemic effects of muskmelon fruits and seeds in streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats.

Methods: Diabetes was induced using intravenous Streptozotocin at a dose of 42 mg/kg of body weight into the tail veins to groups 2-5. Twenty-five male albino rats were divided into 5 groups, group 1 normal control, group 2- diabetic control, group 3- Glucophage treatment, group 4-500mg/kg BW muskmelon fruits extract, and group 5- 500mg/kg bw muskmelon seeds extract and were treated for 2 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, body weight, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and total cholesterol were evaluated.

Results: The result shows that the extract caused a significant increase in the body weight, HDL-cholesterol, and a significant decrease in triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose. Although the extract performed well there is a significant difference between the group that took Glucophage and the groups that ate muskmelon fruits and seed extract p<0.05

Conclusion: The result proved the anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic effect of muskmelon fruits and seeds which could be added to the pool of other food used in the management of diabetes mellitus which will lead to diet diversification.
In-vitro Sensitivity Test of Native Trichoderma spp. against Growth of Rhizoctonia solani f.sp. sasakii Causing Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight of Maize in Manipur
Authors: Pavani Paluru , Singh L. Nongdrenkhomba , Sinha Bireswar , Bathula Pooja
Published: August 2022

The antagonistic potential of seven species of native Trichoderma against Rhizoctonia solani f.sp. sasakii were evaluated in dual culture method which includes T. asperellum (KU933476), T. koningiopsis (KU904460), Hypocrea lixii (KX0113223), T. harzianum (KU933471), T. ovalisporum (KU904456), T. harzianum (KU904458), T. atroviridae (KU933472). Among them T. asperellum showed highest inhibition percentage (78.09%), followed by Hypocrea lixii by (70.95%), T. ovalisporum by (68.76%), T. atroviride by (54.22%), T. harzianum by (64.76%), T. koningiopsis by (64.76%) and T. harzianum by (62.38%) respectively. However, all the species considerably inhibited the growth of R. solani.
Evaluation and Selection of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes for High Yield with Fruit and Shoot Borer Tolerance
Authors: Mahalakshmi R. , Savitha B. K. , Priya R. Swarna , Pugalendhi L. , Boopathy N. Manikanda
Published: August 2022

Aim: Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is a vital crop of India which belongs to the family Solanaceae with a chromosome number of 2n=24.This study is aimed to evaluate brinjal genotypes and identify superior types with desirable qualities, high yield with fruit and shoot borer tolerance.

Study Design: The experimental materials consisted of fifteen genotypes and two checks which were laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications.

Place and Duration of Research: The investigation was carried at Horticultural College orchard, Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2021-2022.

Methodology: Fifteen local types of brinjal and two checks were collected from several districts of Tamil Nadu and various other sources. Seeds were sown in portrays and then transplanted to main field at the age of 30 days. Growth and yield parameters were observed and recorded.

Results: Based on the per se performance of the genotypes, CBE SM-006 was adjudged as the best one since, it has recorded superior performance for the characters studied viz., number of branches, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant. Also, CBE–SM-006 found to have minimum fruit borer infestation and shoot borer infestation hence providing maximum marketable yield per plant. The genotype CBE-SM-105 also performed the best for most of the desirable characters. Thus, CBE-SM-006 could be a promising genotype for further breeding programme.

Conclusion: Thus, the study will provide comprehensive knowledge on evolving and selecting superior genotypes which is indispensable to aim at rational improvement in crop plant.
Field Validation on Incorporation of Rice Husk Biochar and Paddy Straw Compost on Crop Attributes and Soil Properties in Rice Ecosystem
Authors: Kumar K. Bharath , Raju M. , Bama K. Sathiya , Umamageshwari C.
Published: August 2022

Aim: To study the effect of rice husk biochar and rice straw compost on Rabi season rice cultivation.

Study Design: The randomized block design was used. The treatments of different doses of soil amendments like rice husk biochar, rice straw compost and recommended fertilizer doses are applied.

Place and Duration of Study: The experimental trial was conducted during the Rabi season (January - April) of 2022 at Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Methodology: The study consisted of 11 sets of RBD design treatments replicated thrice. The rice variety of ADT57 Short duration variety was used for this study. The observation has been recorded during the crop growing period at regular intervals.

Results: The study results revealed that application of PSB @ 2kg/ha + RSC @ 5 t/ha + 75% RDF (T10) treatment showed the highest plant growth parameters like plant height (27.88, 74.22 and 108.89 cm), number of tillers m-2 (122, 620 and 642), leaf area index (2.62, 6.53 and 8.47), SPAD reading (47.22, 43.64 and 40.46), root length (18.86, 37.45 and 56.31 cm) and root volume (17.85, 26.01 and 37.77 ml) at 30, 60 and 90 DAT respectively and yield parameters like grain yield (5133 kg/ha), straw yield (7090 kg/ha), panicle length (25.28cm) and number of productive tillers m-2 (571.6) and was significantly on par with application of PSB @ 2kg/ha + Rice Husk Biochar (RHB) @ 5 t/ha + 75% RDF (T6) and superior over the other all treatments. Plant growth parameters of application of PSB @ 2kg/ha + Rice Husk Biochar (RHB) @ 5 t/ha + 75% RDF (T6) recorded the plant height (27.41, 73.76 and 108.29 cm), number of tillers m-2 (118, 613 and 630), leaf area index (2.54, 6.42 and 8.38), SPAD reading (46.26, 43.10 and 40.20), root length (18.35, 37.05 and 55.40 cm) and root volume (17.42, 25.44 and 37.33 ml) at 30, 60 and 90 DAT respectively and yield parameters like grain yield (4953 kg/ha), straw yield (7077 kg/ha), panicle length (25.07 cm) and number of productive tillers m-2 (555). So, the application of PSB @ 2 kg/ha + RSC @ 5 t/ha + 75% RDF has recorded the best results than all other treatments. With respect to soil properties, application of Rice husk Biochar (RHB) @ 5t/ha + 75% RDF (T4) has reduced the soil bulk density (from 1.52 to 1.47) and application of rice straw compost @ 5t/ha has increased the soil pH (from 6.58 to 7.14) as compared to other treatments whereas the nutrient status (nitrogen (from 212 to 266 kg ha-1); phosphorus (from 45.41 to 61.59 kg ha-1) and potassium (from 192 to 218.4 kg ha-1) has increased by application of PSB @ 2kg/ha + RSC @ 5t/ha + 100% RDF (T11) than other treatments.
Water Requirement of Selected Crops for Sangareddy District of Telangana Using CROPWAT 8.0
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Gautam Anurag , Hemalatha S. , Himaja P. , Hari N.
Published: August 2022

The precise selection of appropriate crops that are compatible with the soil and crop water requirements (CWR) in a particular area is necessary for effective land and water management. A study was conducted to ascertain the agricultural water requirements of a few chosen crops for the Sangareddy District of Telangana. The crops include Rice, Sugarcane, Soybean, Maize, Cotton, Black gram, Green gram, and Bengal gram. Using meteorological data from the past 10 years stored in CROPWAT, the amount of water needed by each crop was calculated. The FAO Penman-Monteith method was used to determine reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0). The study shows that reference crop evapotranspiration, ETo varied from 7.96 mm/day to 3.14 mm/day in the years between 2010 – 2021. The crop water requirement (CWR) and Net irrigation requirement for Rice were 595.5 mm and 331.9 mm, Maize was 366.6 mm and 64.3 mm, Cotton was 612.7 mm and 283.8 mm, Sugarcane was 1902.1 mm and 1189.3 mm, Soybean was 270.9 mm and 0.0mm, the Black gram was 332.1 mm and 22.1 mm, Green gram was 342.7 mm and 13.3 mm and Bengal gram was 344.9 mm and 316.1 mm. The results were accurate R2 was 0.84 compared with the Class A pan. This study demonstrates that the CROPWAT model is helpful for computing the crop water requirement which needs for the appropriate administration of water assets.
later prehistoric settlement at Balloan Park, Inverness
Authors: Wordsworth Jonathan
Published: August 2022

The position of a circular enclosure identified by aerial photography was located on the ground. Trial trenching revealed that an extensive settlement, dating probably from the LBA to the MIA, lay to the north and east of the palisaded enclosure. Roads along the line of the Inverness southern distributor road, revealed traces of the same settlement and are also discussed in this report. There are two radiocarbon dates from features in Trench III.
Cereals, fruits and nuts in the Scottish Neolithic
Authors: Bishop Rosie R , Church Michael J , Rowley-Conwy Peter A
Published: August 2022

The importance of wild and domestic plants in the British Neolithic economies has been much disputed, but the contribution of Scottish archaeobotanical evidence has previously been understated. This paper assesses the use of plants in the Scottish Neolithic economy using the archaeobotanical evidence from 75 sites. It is argued that plant exploitation was geographically and socially diverse in Neolithic Scotland; while domesticated plants became the mainstay of the economy for some social groups, wild plant exploitation remained an important part of the subsistence strategies for other groups. In this context, geographic, social and temporal differences in the importance of wheat and barley are also discussed.
room with a view
Authors: Rennie Christine , Ramsey Susan , Ballin Torben Bjarke , Ballin Smith Beverley
Published: August 2022

Excavations at Ravelrig Quarry, City of Edinburgh revealed activity from the Late Neolithic, and late Bronze Age, although the main phase of activity was the construction of a palisaded homestead during the early Iron Age. Inside an oval shaped palisade was a circular ring-groove roundhouse and a possible second circular structure comprising ditches and post-holes. The roundhouse contained a central hearth with associated post-holes, two large pits and features that appear to represent the early formation of a ring-ditch. This phase has been radiocarbon dated to 600–400 cal BC
Billing for SBIRT: There are codes
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2022

It has taken years for health care providers to get reimbursement for Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), in part because that 5‐letter acronym stands for so many different things. Brief intervention is the work that the health care provider does if the patient screens positive for a substance use disorder. Below is a chart from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration on different billing codes and reimbursements for SBIRT.
A Synthetic Hydrogel Composite with a Strength and Wear Resistance Greater than Cartilage
Authors: Zhao Jiacheng , Tong Huayu , Kirillova Alina , Koshut William J. , Malek Andrew , Brigham Natasha C. , Becker Matthew L. , Gall Ken , Wiley Benjamin J.
Published: August 2022

Key hurdles for replacing damaged cartilage with an equivalent synthetic construct are the development of a hydrogel with a strength that exceeds that of cartilage and fixation of this hydrogel onto the surface of an articulating joint. This article describes the first hydrogel with a tensile and compressive strength (51 and 98 MPa) that exceeds those of cartilage (40 and 59 MPa), and the first attachment of a hydrogel to a metal backing with a shear strength (2.0 MPa) that exceeds that of cartilage on bone (1.2 MPa). The hydrogel strength is achieved through reinforcement of crystallized polyvinyl alcohol with bacterial cellulose. The high attachment strength is achieved by securing freeze‐dried bacterial cellulose to a metal backing with an adhesive and a shape memory alloy clamp prior to infiltration and crystallization of the polyvinyl alcohol. The bacterial cellulose‐reinforced polyvinyl alcohol is three times more wear resistant than cartilage over one million cycles and exhibits the same coefficient of friction. These advances in hydrogel strength and attachment enable the creation of a hydrogel‐based implant for durable resurfacing of damaged articulating joints.
Strong and Tough Physical Eutectogels Regulated by the Spatiotemporal Expression of Non‐Covalent Interactions
Authors: Zhang Hao , Tang Ning , Yu Xia , Li Min‐Hui , Hu Jun
Published: August 2022

Physical eutectogels are appealing materials for technological devices due to their superior ionic conductivity, thermal and electrochemical stability, non‐volatility, and low cost. Nevertheless, current physical eutectogels are suffering from weak mechanical strength and toughness. Here, taking advantage of the distribution difference of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a simple and universal solvent‐replacement approach is proposed to regulate the spatiotemporal expression of intra/interpolymer interactions to prepare strong and tough physical eutectogels. The exchange of DESs with water can restrengthen the weakened interactions between PVA chains in water, enabling PVA to crystallize to construct a uniform and robust polymer network. Consequently, the resultant PVA eutectogel exhibits record‐high strength (20.2 MPa), toughness (62.7 MJ m–3), and tear‐resistance (tearing energy Σ42.4 kJ m–2), while possessing excellent stretchability (Σ550% strain), repairability, and adhesive performance. Furthermore, this strategy is proven to be universally applicable to various species of polymers, and even can be utilized to fabricate continuous and conductive eutectogel fibers, demonstrating potential as engineering materials and wearable sensors.
Molecular‐Switch‐Embedded Solution‐Processed Semiconductors
Authors: Yu Seong Hoon , Hassan Syed Zahid , So Chan , Kang Mingyun , Chung Dae Sung
Published: August 2022

Recent improvements in the performance of solution‐processed semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have shifted research interest to the diversification/advancement of their functionality. Embedding a molecular switch capable of transition between two or more metastable isomers by light stimuli is one of the most straightforward and widely accepted methods to potentially realize the multifunctionality of optoelectronic devices. A molecular switch embedded in a semiconductor can effectively control various parameters such as trap‐level, dielectric constant, electrical resistance, charge mobility, and charge polarity, which can be utilized in photoprogrammable devices including transistors, memory, and diodes. This review classifies the mechanism of each optoelectronic transition driven by molecular switches regardless of the type of semiconductor material or molecular switch or device. In addition, the basic characteristics of molecular switches and the persisting technical/scientific issues corresponding to each mechanism are discussed to help researchers. Finally, interesting yet infrequently reported applications of molecular switches and their mechanisms are also described.
2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Smart Thermal Management and Advanced Dielectrics
Authors: Wu Min , Zhou Yuanliang , Zhang Han , Liao Wugang
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of electronic devices toward the miniaturization, integration, and multi‐functionalization, the device stability, reliability, and service life face significant challenges due to the greatly increased heat accumulation. Therefore, it is highly desired to develop efficient thermal dissipation materials in thermal management. Thermally conductive polymer composites are expected to be widely applied in 5G communication, electronic packaging, and energy storage, owing to the ease of processing, good flexibility, low cost, etc. Boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) is generally used as highly thermal conductive nanofillers for greatly improving the thermal conductivity of polymer. Mass production of high quality BNNS with desired properties and the structural design principles and fabrication methods for polymer/BNNS nanocomposites are critical to achieve extensive applications. Here, this review summarizes the latest advancement of the preparation method of BNNS and its polymer nanocomposites, as well as the innovatively structural design for observably improving the thermal management capability and energy storage performance of polymer/BNNS nanocomposites, expecting to offer some guidance on how to massively fabricate the BNNS and highly thermally conductive polymer composites.
Superrepellent Doubly Reentrant Geometry Promotes Antibiofouling and Prevention of Coronavirus Contamination
Authors: Lee Meng‐Shiue , Chien Yueh , Teng Pai‐Chi , Huang Xuan‐Yang , Lin Yi‐Ying , Lin Ting‐Yi , Chou Shih‐Jie , Chien Chian‐Shiu , Hsiao Yu‐Jer , Yang Yi‐Ping , Hsu Wensyang , Chiou Shih‐Hwa
Published: August 2022

The fomite transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has drawn attention because of its highly contagious nature. Therefore, surfaces that can prevent coronavirus contamination are an urgent and unmet need during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Conventional surfaces are usually based on superhydrophobic or antiviral coatings. However, these coatings may be dysfunctional because of biofouling, which is the undesired adhesion of biomolecules. A superhydrophobic surface independent of the material content and coating agents may serve the purpose of antibiofouling and preventing viral transmission. Doubly reentrant topology (DRT) is a unique structure that can meet the need. This study demonstrates that the DRT surfaces possess a striking antibiofouling effect that can prevent viral contamination. This effect still exists even if the DRT surface is made of a hydrophilic material such as silicon oxide and copper. To the best of our knowledge, this work first demonstrates that fomite transmission of viruses may be prevented by minimizing the contact area between pathogens and surfaces even made of hydrophilic materials. Furthermore, the DRT geometry per se features excellent antibiofouling ability, which may shed light on the applications of pathogen elimination in alleviating the COVID‐19 pandemic.