bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathological, hematological and biochemical alteration in broiler chickens infected with mycotoxin in Babylon province
Authors: Almremdhy Hayder , Neamha Ghusoon , Hilli Zina , Awadh Rafal
Published: December 2024

Background:
Mycotoxins considered one of the most important problems and threats that face the poultry producers.

Aim:
This study conducted to investigate the pathological, hematological and biochemical alterations in chickens fed on mycotoxins contamination ration.

Methods:
434 feed samples were collected from poultry farms operating in Babil Governorate/Iraq, where feed samples were collected over the course of 2023, and these samples were tested by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CD-ELISA) to determine the level of mycotoxins. (Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin and Trichothecin T2) in poultry feed rations, after that, the chickens that were fed on feeds contaminated with mycotoxins were carefully examined to observe clinical signs. Then, blood samples were collected from chickens fed on feeds contaminated with mycotoxins, as well as from chickens fed on uncontaminated feeds (control group). These blood samples were divided to two parts one put in tube contain anticoagulant (EDTA) to examination the complete blood count, while as, the other part was put in gel test tube for separating the serum which used in the biochemical tests which included the total protein and total cholesterol (TC), uric acid and the liver enzymes (ALT, AST). Then, the chickens fed on mycotoxins contaminated feed were humanly sacrificed to observed the gross lesions after that, tissue samples were collected from internal organs (liver, kidneys, bursa of Fabricius and spleen) to exam the microscopic lesions.

Results:
The results showed the percentage of feed samples contaminated with mycotoxins above the limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 22% (94) where the percentage of feed samples contaminated with aflatoxin, ochratoxin and trechothesen T2 were 12% (54), 8% (34) and 2% (6) respectively. the gross lesions were showed on internal organs of chickens fed on mycotoxins contaminated feed paleness, enlargement and friable liver, pale, enlarged and lobulated kidneys, hemorrhage in skeletal muscle as well as showed ascites. Microscopically, the kidneys showed necrosis in some renal tubules and glomeruli. In the liver there was congestion of the portal vein and periportal necrosis with inflammatory cells infiltration. The results showed significant decrease in means values of HB, PCV, RBCS, WBCS, total protein and cholesterol while as there were significant increase in means values of AST, ALT and Uric acid in infected chickens group compared with healthy chicken group.

Conclusion:
Contamination of feed with mycotoxins is one of the most prominent challenges facing poultry producers in Babylon province. In addition, it is important to do pathological, heamatological and biochemical examination for the diagnosis of mycotoxins in broilers.
Spatio-temporal dynamics and risk cluster analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in poultry: Advancing outbreak management through customized regional strategies in Egypt
Authors: Elsobky Yumna , Eltholth Mahmoud , Abdalla Ehsan , Eissa Nourhan , Hadad Ghada , Nayel Mohamed , Salama Akram , Mousa Walid , Kamal Ahmed , Seida Ashraf , Gaidan Osama , Elkamshishi Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Background:
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza HPAI (H5N1) has been endemic in Egypt for almost two decades, profoundly impacting both the poultry industry and public health. Egypt stands as a prominent epicenter for HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Africa, marked by the highest number of positive human cases. Despite continuous governmental efforts, prior research underscored the inadequacy of strategies in controlling the virus spread.

Aim:
This study identified spatiotemporal patterns and high-risk clusters of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks at the subdistrict level.

Methods:
This study involved trial tracking of HPAI H5N1 endemicity dynamics, enabling tailored interventions at a regional level based on robust epidemiological investigations to address the persistent challenge of HPAI H5N1 in Egypt. This study illuminated spatiotemporal outbreak dynamics, with specific attention on Menofia governorate.

Results:
Despite the region's early poultry impacts, initial outbreaks didn’t originate from Menofia in studied epidemic waves. Outbreak risk spatial distribution displayed an escalating pattern at the northern border, followed by risk reduction through the sixth epidemic wave. The predominant hot spot region was localized within rural districts, particularly villages, while urbanization coincided with lower outbreak density. Observed smoothed densities revealed epidemic propagation within urban centers, preceding its transition to new areas and establishing direct connections with neighboring cities. Primary cluster prognostication was plausible, occurring in regions previously hosting elevated relative risk clusters during preceding epidemic waves. Identification of enduring pinpoint clusters, persistent for extended durations, indicated close contact dynamics and localized viral circulation within populations.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the significance of customized regional interventions based on the rigorous epidemiological framework. This approach is pivotal in the profound comprehension of endemicity dynamics, efficiently limits geographical infection spread, and contains outbreaks within delineated areas.
Physiological and clinical parameters under different protocols of total intravenous anesthesia in llama (Lama glama) undergoing unilateral ovariectomy
Authors: Vargas Jos , Medina Marisol , Jorge Wilson , Pachorro Fidel , Fuster Marcelo , nez Mauricio , Linares Ximena , Richards Iain , Alor Max
Published: December 2024

Background:
The limited and detailed literature on total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), as well as the clinical indications for unilateral ovariectomy in llamas, are not well-defined. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the anesthetic events and the surgical intervention in this species.

Aim:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative physiological and clinical parameters in llamas undergoing unilateral ovariectomy, under three protocols of TIVA.

Methods:
Study was conducted with 30 healthy female llamas. Three groups were considered G1: Pre-anaesthetic - xylazine i/v, Induction: ketamine. Maintenance: FLK (fentanyl + lidocaine + ketamine) by continuous infusion. G2: Pre-anaesthetic - midazolam + tramadol + ketamine i/v. Induction – propofol. Maintenance, boluses of 20% of the total induction dose were added if required. G3: Pre-anaesthetic - midazolam + xylazine i/v. Induction: ketamine. Maintenance: with 20% of the total induction.
Physiological parameters were evaluated at 5, 15 and 30 minutes.

Results:
The heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and rectal temperature (RT) of the groups showed significant differences at some point in the evaluation, presenting a degree of bradycardia and bradypnea in G1 and G2. A drop in SpO2 was seen at minute 5 in all groups, because of respiratory depression post-anaesthetic induction, subsequently the values increased, with better saturation in G2. RT remained similar in the groups until minute 20, then there was a significant decrease in G2. G1 showed significant fluctuations for SpO2 and G2 for RT. The majority of animals from G1 and G3 maintained marked relaxation of the abdomen and limbs, anal sphincter (G3), and mandible (G1). Salivation and tearing were an infrequent sign in G2. All animals from G3 presented some degree of sensitivity of the abdominal wall. The average duration of the surgery was 14 minutes, and the shortest anaesthetic recovery time occurred in G2 (28 minutes).

Conclusion:
The animals of the three groups showed significant differences in their physiological and clinical parameters, in response to the agents used. The G1 protocol: xylazine, ketamine y FLK. Demonstrated better physiological and hemodynamic stability with acceptable level of surgical anaesthesia.
Molecular identification of Klebsiella species from pneumonic goats, Iraq
Authors: Ibraheim Hanaa , Madhi Khadeeja , Jasim Alyaa , Gharban Hasanain
Published: December 2024

Background:
In goats, acute and chronic respiratory infections are often characterized by a rapid progressing clinical course with a little opportunity to develop an effective antibiotic therapy.

Aim:
This study aimed to identify Klebsiella spp. in pneumonic goats, assess its antibiotic susceptibility, and confirm the molecular phylogenetics of Klebsiella spp.

Methods:
A total of 80 pneumonic goats were selected from the slaughterhouses located in Basra province (Iraq) during June to November 2023, and each animal was subjected to obtaining only one sample. The studied samples were included 30 nasal swabs that obtained from the lived goats, while 30 lung samples in addition to 20 tracheal swabs were collected from slaughtered goats. All study samples were inoculated onto MacConkey agar and tested biochemically. Eleven types of antibiotics were served in the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to identify the susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. Positive culture isolates were tested molecularly using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then sequenced to phylogenetic analysis of study isolates.

Results:
The findings indicated that 35% of samples were positive to Klebsiella spp. including 30% in trachea, 33.33% in nasal swabs, and 40% in lungs. Klebsiella colonies appeared on MacConkey agar as bright pink mucoid texture; while on blood agar, they were large, glossy, mucoid, whitish-grey, spherical, and free of hemolysis. Biochemically, all isolates were exhibited a negative reactivity to motility, oxidase, indole and methyl red, but positives to urease, citrate utilization, catalase, and Voges-Proskauer, acid and gas production. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed the high susceptibility of Klebsiella isolates to meropenem (71.43%), and intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (28.57%), but high resistance to imipenem (60.71%). Targeting the 16S rRNA gene, PCR results confirmed all tested isolates as Klebsiella spp. Finally, phylogenetic analysis of 9 positive isolates demonstrated the identity of local Klebsiella isolates to K. aerogenes (no= 4), K. pneumoniae (no= 3), K. quasivariicola (no= 1), and K. quasipneumoniae (no= 1).

Conclusion:
Our study confirms the presence of K. aerogenes, K. quasivariicola, and K. quasipneumoniae in pneumonic goats, highlighting the importance molecular phylogeny in detection of new Klebsiella species. However, furthermore studies are necessary to investigate various Klebsiella species/strains in goats and other domestic animals.
Ultrastructural morphology of second and third stage larvae of Toxocara cati inside paratenic host tissue
Authors: Theja Letitia , Kusnoto Kusnoto , Tacharina Martia , Suwanti Lucia , Mufasirin Mufasirin , Hastutiek Poedji , Aryaloka Suhita , Khairullah Aswin , Moses Ikechukwu , Raissa Ricadonna , Mulyaningrum Putri , Yanestria Sheila , Riwu Katty
Published: December 2024

Background:
Toxocara cati is a known cause of a zoonotic infectious illness called toxocariasis. Parathenic hosts are important as they can transmit larvae 2 (L2) through direct transmission. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques are needed to provide a three-dimensional image of each stage of T. cati larvae.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the morphology of L2 and L3 T. cati in parathenic host tissue for etiological diagnosis using scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Methods:
Mice were used as suitable parathenic hosts for this experiment. A total of 786 embryonated eggs (16 eggs/gram body weight) containing L2 were inoculated into pregnant mice at day 11 to 13 of its gestation period. After delivery, L2 were transmitted to the off-spring. After 14 days, L2 were collected from mice and L3 were collected from its off-spring. Data were analyzed descriptively based on ultrastructure examination using SEM.

Results:
SEM examination results indicate that the size of L2 is smaller than L3. Results also showed differences between L2 and L3 based on middle and posterior observations. In the middle of the larval body, the number of L2 body rings was observed to be narrower and more than that of L3. In addition, the distance between L2 body rings was much larger than that of L3. Posteriorly, the tail tip of L3 was more curved than L2.

Conclusion:
Ultrastructural examination using SEM has the ability to show differences in L2 and L3 body rings of T. cati by observing the middle and posterior parts of its larvae.
Histological evaluation of the regenerative potential of injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogel or collagen with blood clot as scaffolds during revascularization of immature necrotic dog’s teeth
Authors: Abdelsalam Mohamed , Elgendy Abeer , Seida Ashraf , Abdelaziz Tarek , Issa Mohamed , Haddad Khaled
Published: December 2024

Background:
Regenerative endodontics' primary objective is to establish a favorable environment in the root canal by removing infection, providing a sturdy scaffold, and sealing the apical end of the tooth tightly. These actions should promote pulp regeneration and root development.

Aim:
This study evaluated histologically the regenerative potential of injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel or collagen with blood clot as scaffolds during revascularization of immature necrotic dog’s teeth.

Methods:
Sixteen permanent immature necrotic premolars with 32 roots were chosen from two 4-5-month-old mongrel dogs. Out of the 32 roots, 24 roots were sealed for two weeks after being cleaned with CaOH2. According to the treatment protocol, the 24 cleaned roots were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (each with 8 roots): blood clot + HA group, blood clot + collagen group, and blood clot group. The control group consisted of the eight infected roots that remained untreated. Three months after the surgery, the assessment of tissue ingrowth in the pulp cavity took into account the kind of cellular components, the intercellular matrix, angiogenesis, and the occurrence of any hard tissue formation. The pulp's capacity for regeneration was described descriptively, taking into account the type of regenerated tissue, the root's apical closure, and any potential periodontal and periapical histological alterations. Semi-quantitative analysis was used to assess the degree of pulp tissue regeneration. Tukey's post hoc test was used after a two-way ANOVA for statistical analysis of all the data.

Results:
When comparing the treated groups to the control group, a significant increase in tissue ingrowth and a significant decrease in the periapical inflammatory reaction were noted (P<0.05). It's interesting to note that blood clot + HA group's inflammatory cell count was significantly greater (P<0.05) than that of the other treatment groups. Furthermore, blood clot + collagen group and blood clot group did not differ significantly in inflammatory cell count from one another. Tissue ingrowth did not differ significantly (P>0.05) amongst treated groups.

Conclusion:
The tissue regeneration of the immature necrotic teeth is improved by revascularization, whether or not it is combined with HA or collagen scaffolds. After revascularization, using HA as a scaffold is less efficient in reducing the inflammation than collagen.
Diplopstomiasis and acanthamoebiasis syndromes in the different organs of Oreochromis aureus collected from Lake Manzala
Authors: Rashed Hadeer , Elmajdoub Layla , Fayad Eman , Almaaty Ali
Published: December 2024

Background:
Oreochromis aureus is a member of the tilapia family that is considered one of the main food sources in different countries all over the world.

Aim:
Thus, studying the different pathogens infecting tilapia species is still one of the interesting search points.

Methods:
One hundred and eighty specimens of O. aureus were collected from Lake Manzala and transported directly in iceboxes to the laboratory of the faculty of Science at Port Said University. The fish were categorized into two groups depending on their sex. 0.1 gram of muscles and the internal organs were examined. Statistical epidemiological parameters were used based on the sex of the fish. The histological changes of the most infected organs of each syndrome were detected.

Results:
Diplopstomiasis was more prevalent in females than in males. On the contrary, acanthamoebiasis was more abundant in males than females. Muscles and the liver were the most infected organs in diplopstomiasis and acanthamoebiasis, respectively. Muscles suffered from severe deformations in the bundles, while there were many granulomatous areas in the liver and there were inflammatory immune cellular infiltrations in both tissues.

Conclusion:
Besides diplopstomiasis, acanthamoebiasis was observed in all examined organs of the study samples, with different distributions and severity in these organs. Further investigations were recommended for more understanding of these pathological syndromes and their relationship to their host.
Quantitative lameness assessment in horses by using an accelerometer-based simple device: A preliminary study
Authors: Crecan Cristian , Angelescu Valeria , Morar Iancu , an Alexandru , Tripon Mirela , rdean Denisa , Daradics Zsofia , tean Cosmin
Published: December 2024

Background:
Global technological advancements have shifted equine lameness diagnostics from purely subjective assessment toward more objective, quantitative methods. Traditional gait evaluations are increasingly being supplemented by innovative technologies to enhance diagnostic accuracy.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine if traditional gait assessment could be effectively complemented by quantitative measurements using an affordable, self-constructed device, the Lameness Detector 0.1, which incorporates inertial motion sensors.

Methods:
A total of 42 adult sport horses diagnosed with hindleg lameness due to osteochondritis dissecans were assessed pre- and post-intra-articular anesthesia using both subjective evaluation and the Lameness Detector 0.1. Quantitative data were collected by recording electric impulses on the device's accelerometer across three axes (X, Y, Z). Statistical analysis was performed to compare pre- and post-joint block values, stratified by lameness degree, and to analyze correlations between quantitative measurements and subjective evaluations.

Results:
Significant differences were observed on the X-axis (p<0.001) between pre- and post-joint block assessments, with a decrease in impulse counts post-block. For horses scoring 2/5 and 3/5 on the AEEP scale, Y-axis data also showed significant variation (p<0.05), with impulse numbers increasing as lameness scores decreased. Z-axis data demonstrated low specificity. Overall, the mean X-axis impulse counts correlated strongly with subjective lameness scores (p≤0.006 for significant correlations).

Conclusion:
The Lameness Detector 0.1 provides a reliable and cost-effective means to complement subjective gait analysis. The quantitative data, particularly X-axis impulses, correlate well with traditional lameness scores, suggesting potential value in integrating this device for enhanced diagnostic precision in equine lameness assessment.
Ocular and perineal squamous cell carcinomas in a Holstein Friesian cow
Authors: Feng Jiashi , Lard H , King Ailbhe , Thomas Dylan , Paraschou Georgios , Bolfa Pompei
Published: December 2024

Background:
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in domestic cattle is an economically significant malignant neoplasm and has been documented primarily in ocular and periocular tissues, vulva and perineum. SCCs are often slow-growing and locally invasive, but metastasis is uncommon. Increased risk of developing SCC has been predominantly associated with high levels of sunlight exposure and hypopigmentation (skin and conjunctiva). This manuscript reports a case of ocular and perineal SCC in a Holstein Friesian cow with maxillary sinusitis secondary to tumor invasion.

Case Description:
An approximately 17-year-old Holstein Friesian cow was presented with a swollen, closed left eye and slow-growing perineal masses. The left eye was exenterated after showing poor response to anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial therapies, and the largest perineal mass was excised. Twelve months later, the cow developed purulent nasal discharge and dyspnea. The animal was euthanized for postmortem investigation due to health deterioration, advanced age, and suspected tumor metastasis.

Conclusion:
Ocular and perineal SCCs were diagnosed on biopsy and confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Postmortem gross and histological evaluations confirmed SCC invasion in the left maxillary sinus, with a secondary Trueperella pyogenes infection confirmed on aerobic culture. Histological evaluation of the enlarged lymph nodes revealed reactive lymphoid hyperplasia without evidence of tumor metastasis.
The Impact of Burkina Faso’s Military Coup on Ghanaian Banks Stock Valuation: An Event Study
Authors: Isaac Kwesi Sam  , Prof. Yinkai Tang
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to investigates how political instability in neighboring countries influences stock Valuation and investors sentiment in emerging markets and the moderating role played by proper mix of capital structure, financial slack and the Covid-19 pandemic on this impact. This topic has become important given the current political tension amongst nations and how they impact business operation. Moreover literature on political instability in Africa specifically in Ghana from a neighboring country is lacking.
To calculate our dependent variable Cumulative Abnormal Returns(CAR) we collected daily stock price data of 8 listed Ghanaian banks for the event window.  We tested the moderating effects of financial slack represented by debt-to-equity, capital adequacy ratio and quick ratio on Cumulative Abnormal Returns using R statistical together with excel.
The finding reveals that mean Cumulative Abnormal Return pre event was negative at -4.19% suggesting that investors sentiment was already negative before the coup, on the event day banks recorded a slightly positive mean of at 1.48% reflecting the market reassessment of stabilization as investors reacted to the news, the post event Cumulative Abnormal Returns increased to 5.72% showing that the impact of the coup continued even after the coup , meaning investors may have shifted their assets to Ghana in search of stability. Furthermore the findings reveals that  maintaining excess liquidity and keeping the right mix of debt to equity and Capital adequacy do not moderate the impact of the coup on Cumulative Abnormal Returns. In a more striking finding the covid-19 pandemic was seen to have significantly moderated the effect of the coup on Cumulative Abnormal Returns with a p-value of 0.000127.Indicating that when two major events occur simultaneously, it is crucial to analyze both to prevent misattributing observed effects to a single event
Time Flies
Authors: Radley Milford
Published: December 2024

Bugatti s third iteration of its legendary hyper-cars takes design rules and maniacal power to the next level
EVALUATING THE CUSTOMER JOURNEY
Authors: Reddy Ravi Chandra , S K Krupa
Published: December 2024

This research paper aims to define and frame customer journey, by exploring associated consumer decision making
which spotlight the key stages and touch point by categorizing into – (a) Brand owned (b) Partner owned and (c)
Brand control.
Intricacies the decision-making stages by (a) pre purchase (b) purchase and (c) post purchase. The pioneering
research offers to delves into the vibrant world of customer experience, new life into the concept of customer journey,
which transfigure how we understand customer interaction and engagement enhancement also unveils and vivid the
categorization by many questionaries, tabulation and charts these embarks on an innovative exploration into realm
of customer experience leading to intricate landscape of customer interaction.
By the end of the report it ensures about how the business perceive revolution, gives the comprehensive framework
providing valuable insights for firm aiming to enhance customer engagement satisfaction. Understanding and
managing each aspect of the customer journey effectively, brands can be significantly improving their overall
customer experience, strategy and myriad factors infusing consumer decision making. Because in today’s competitive
market landscape, understanding customer journey is paramount for business seeking to enhance their customer
experience strategy.

KEYWORDS – Decision making, Customer relationship, Consumer journey, Customer interaction.
BENFORD YASASI VE FİNANSAL TABLO KALEMLERİ: BIST SİGORTA SEKTÖRÜ ANALİZİ
Authors: Ayyıldız Nazif
Published: December 2024

Benford Yasası, doğal veri kümelerinde başlangıç rakamlarının belirli bir düzeni takip ettiğini ifade eden bir istatistik prensibidir. Finansal denetim sürecinde Benford Yasası kullanılarak finansal tablo verilerinde oluşabilecek potansiyel düzensizlik, hata ve hileler belirlenebilmektedir. Diğer yandan sigorta işletmeleri, teknik ve matematiksel hesaplamalara dayanan özgün muhasebe sistemi ve hesap planlarıyla diğer işletmelerden farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, 2014–2023 döneminde BIST Sigorta Endeksi’nde yer alan şirketlerin; teknik gelir, brüt primler, teknik giderler, ödenen tazminatlar ve teknik kar/zarar kalemlerinin Benford Yasası’nın birinci ve ikinci basamak referans dağılımlarına uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizin sonucunda, sigorta şirketlerinin söz konusu finansal tablo kalemlerindeki rakamsal dağılımların Benford Yasası’na uyum sağladığı saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bu sonuç, sigorta şirketlerinde özellikle gelir tablolarının hazırlanmasında herhangi bir hata, düzensizlik, hile veya manipülasyonun tespit edilmediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu noktada, sigorta şirketleri açısından kritik olan gelir, maliyet ve kar gibi önemli göstergelerin gerçeğe uygun ve muhasebe kavramlarından güvenilirlik ve tam açıklama özelliklerine uymasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
İŞLETME HİLELERİNİN YAPTIRIMI: CEZA MI? ÖDÜL MÜ?
Authors: Aydın Ruhan
Published: December 2024

İşletme hileleri, her coğrafyada ve toplumda dramatik şekilde artarak, ciddi maddi kayıpların yanı sıra zaman, itibar ve güven kayıplarına da yol açmaktadır. Birçok araştırmaya, yasaya, standarda konu olmuş işletme hilelerinin önlenebilmesi için birçok yöntem ve disiplin oluşturulmuştur. Suç barındıran davranışı ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik en önemli önleyici faktör cezalardır ki bunlar suçun teşebbüsüyle ortaya konan yaptırımlardır. Ancak yapılan bir çok araştırmada ve raporda hileye ilişkin cezaların uygulanmadığı/uygulanamadığı veya bu cezaların yeterli olmadığı görülmektedir. Cezaların tatbik edilmemesi ile ilgili bir çok somut ve soyut sebep sıralanabilmektedir. Bu sebeplerin öğrenilerek yeni önlemlere yönelik önerilerin oluşturulabilmesi amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Çalışmada iç denetçilerin tecrübelerinden yararlanılarak fenomenolojik araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Katılımcı görüşlerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre, işletmeler hile failini cezalandırmamakta veya eylemin ederi dahilinde yaptırım uygulanmamaktadır. İşletmelerin hile failini çoğunlukta sadece işten çıkarma yoluna gitmekle yetindikleri ve hukuki yaptırımlara başvurmadıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Hilelerin cezasız veya yetersiz ceza ile sonuçlanmasının temel motivasyonu ise işletmelerin itibar kaybına uğrayacaklarının düşünülmesidir. Bu şekilde sonuçlanan hile eylemi, cezanın caydırıcılık işlevinin önüne geçmekte ve hilelerin tekrarlanmasına da dayanak oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma mevcut yaptırım uygulamasının bu haliyle hile failine, “Ceza mı? Yoksa ödül mü?” olduğu sorusuna bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.
Mediation in strafzaken bij een huiselijk geweldincident
Authors: Kuipers Marjon , van Klompenburg Gea
Published: December 2024

Mediation in criminal cases in domestic violence incident

Restorative justice offers an alternative approach to conflict resolution where those involved are given the opportunity to take responsibility for their actions and work together toward recovery as demonstrated in this horse breeders case. The mediation enabled the spouses to share their stories, take responsibility and work together for recovery. During the mediation, the spouses agreed upon seeking professional help to support them in processing the traumatic period behind them. Both had wanted to make amends much earlier, but because it ‘wasn’t allowed’, they didn’t dare. Both are really shocked by the impact of what happened on the other and also on each other. Their experience underscores the importance of restorative justice as a valuable alternative within the criminal justice context, where the emphasis is on recognition, recovery and shared solutions.
Bibliometric Analysis of Spatial Ability Studies Based on Scopus Data
Authors: Kabul Saliha Nur , Kaleci Fatih
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of all studies related to spatial ability available in the Scopus database. It is expected that this research will make a significant contribution to the literature on spatial ability and serve as an important resource. In this way, researchers can gain a better understanding of the topic, evaluate the current research landscape, and use this information to plan their own studies. A bibliometric analysis method was employed in this study. Through this method, the Scopus database was searched, and 7,345 studies published from 1939 to the present were examined. We categorized the selected studies by publication year, source, authors, institutions, countries, types, subject areas, and the most highly cited works. Additionally, network maps illustrating co-authorship relationships by author and country, common keyword networks, bibliographic coupling by institution, and co-citation networks based on cited studies, journals, and authors are presented in detail in the findings section. The results indicate that numerous studies on various aspects of spatial ability have been conducted in different countries over time.
Paracetamol poisoning: a prospective comparison of 2 protocols for N-acetylcysteine treatment
Authors: Supervía August , Gispert M.ª Àngels , Puiguriguer Jordi , Álvarez Zabala Pablo Borja , Martínez Sánchez Lidia , Olmos Samuel , Calderón Beatriz , de Paz Picornell Rocío , Nogué Santiago , Córdoba Francisca
Published: December 2024

Introducción. La intoxicación por paracetamol es una situación potencialmente grave que puede requerir la administración de N-acetilcisteína (NAC). La pauta tradicional administra 300 mg/Kg repartidos en tres dosis durante 21 horas. Otras pautas, como la del Scottish and Newcastle Acetylcisteine Protocol (SNAP), aportan la misma dosis pero en
dos perfusiones y 12 horas. El objetivo del estudio es comparar las dos pautas de NAC en cuanto a eficacia, reacciones adversas y tiempos de estancia en urgencias y hospitalaria.
Método. Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo que compara la pauta tradicional frente a la SNAP. Se incluyeron todos los
pacientes atendidos en seis servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) desde 2021 a 2023 que acudieron por intoxicación por paracetamol y precisaron tratamiento con NAC. Se recogieron datos de filiación, referentes a la intoxicación
y destino. Los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos según la pauta utilizada.
Resultados. Se recogieron 165 casos (103 recibieron la pauta SNAP y 62 la tradicional). La edad media fue de 28,1 (DE 19,7) años y había un predominio de mujeres (70,5%). No se observaron diferencias en el pico máximo de transaminasas. Los pacientes que recibieron pauta SNAP tuvieron menos efectos secundarios, estuvieron menos horas en urgencias [17,8 (DE 15,2) frente a 25,9 (DE 17,1); p = 0,001] y tuvieron menos días de estancia hospitalaria [2,6 (DE 2,3) días frente a 4,4 (DE 3,6); p = 0,019].
Conclusiones. La pauta SNAP tuvo una eficacia similar a la tradicional con menos efectos adversos. Los pacientes tratados con pauta SNAP estuvieron menos horas en urgencias y los que precisaron ingreso tuvieron una menor estancia
Underutilized Fruits of Northeast India and its Potential Benefits on Human Health - Review
Authors: Banerjee Swarnendra , Sen Arnab
Published: December 2024

The Indian Himalayas, a global biodiversity hotspot, is home to 2532 species from temperate regions of Europe, China, Burma, the Sahara, and Africa. India's plant biodiversity includes 21 agroecosystems, including farmed fruit and wild, under-utilized fruit crops. These underutilized fruit crops have potential but are rarely planted, infrequently available on the market, or not farmed commercially. They are disease-resistant and adapted to heat and cold extremes, blessing tropical nations like India. Underutilized fruit crops have medicinal properties and are often used by Native Americans to heal ailments and for the financial well-being of tribal people in rural regions. The use of wild fruits as nutritional supplements or less expensive alternatives to commercial fruits is growing worldwide. Identifying and utilizing underutilized species is crucial for a diverse and nutritious diet, especially for rural poor and socially vulnerable populations in emerging countries. India's North-Eastern Hill region is an agrobiodiversity hub characterized by diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds. It is rich in wild agricultural plant relatives, particularly underutilized fruit crops, and mixed temperate, tropical, and subtropical fruits from various genera. Fruits, vegetables, and other plants naturally produce important polyphenol metabolites that influence their sensory and nutritive qualities, potentially curing various conditions.
Unravelling the Roles of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Growth Promotion, Phytoremediation and as Biocontrol Agents to Suppress Plant Diseases
Authors: Swarnakar Shambhu , Chakraborty Arka Pratim
Published: December 2024

Agriculture in the twenty-first century has several issues, including soil fertility, climate changes, environmental degradation, urbanisation & rising food consumption to feed the world's growing population. Meanwhile, scientists are grappling with major obstacles in expanding food yield from the present land base. Traditional farming has seen increased per-acre crop yields due to the haphazard and injudicious use of agrochemicals, such as pesticides and synthetic fertilisers, but at a significant environmental cost. Crop pests developing pesticide resistance is another big worry in modern agriculture. Therefore, alternative ecologically friendly crop yield-increasing techniques are necessary for the future of sustainable crop production. Scientists are very interested in utility of rhizobacteria, particularly PGPR, as an alternative to pesticides. These rhizobacteria employ a range of tactics to encourage plant growth, thwart plant pests, and foster resilience to abiotic stresses. The mechanisms of rhizobacteria involved in soil bioremediation, pest biocontrol, and plant growth promotion are reviewed in this article. It also looks at how PGPR vaccination affects plant growth and survival in challenging conditions. An in-depth examination is also given of the benefits and drawbacks of rhizobacterial application as well as potential solutions for rhizobacteria's long-term use in agriculture.
Experimental Farming of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne – An Exotic pumpkin at NBU Medicinal Plant Garden
Authors: Mondal Sujit , Basu S.K. , Chowdhury Monoranjan
Published: December 2024

Cucurbita moschata Duchesne (Butter Squash) is a high food value exotic vegetable of Cucurbitaceae with its origin in Columbia, South America. It is widely cultivated in South America, Central America and some of the Asian countries and Australia, and consumed as cooked or raw vegetable. This crop is notably promising with high yield and low cost of production. It is close to Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) which is largely grown in India, particularly in Bengal as an important vegetable for preparing curries. There is no report of introduction and cultivation of Butter Squash in Bengal. An experimental cultivation plot was set up in the nursery of NBU medicinal plant garden when some seeds were obtained from England for experimental cultivation.
Intervenções de enfermagem na prevenção de pneumonias associadas a ventilação mecânica de pacientes adultos e idosos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Barbosa Diogo Rodrigues , Lopes Vagner José , Rosário Eduarda Luize Olexciw do , Silva Graziela Larissa da , Silva Meryelle Evellyze Alves da , Vieira Yasmin de Melo , Meira Jonas Fernandes de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A Pneumonia Associada a Ventilação Mecânica (PAVM) é uma complicação grave que ocorre em pacientes submetidos a ventilação artificial em ambiente hospitalar. Caracteriza-se por uma infecção nos pulmões desenvolvia após 48 horas de ventilação mecânica, frequentemente causada por bactérias oportunistas. Objetivos: Mapear as evidências científicas acerca das intervenções de enfermagem nos cuidados e manejo para prevenção de pneumonias associadas a ventilação mecânica de pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Trata-se de uma Scoping Review, registrada na Open Science Framework e desenvolvida em seis fases: construção da pergunta, critérios de inclusão/exclusão, definição de palavras-chave, seleção de bases de dados, triagem de artigos e síntese dos resultados. Para avaliar as intervenções, foram coletados dados bibliográficos, com artigos entre 2019 e 2024, nas bases de dados eletrônicas foram selecionadas Bvs, Lilacs, Scielo, Google Scholar. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se 19 (100%) de intervenções relacionados, sendo as mais prevalentes: Higiene oral em 8 (42,1%) artigos; Decubito elevado 7 (36,8%); e Pressão do cuff 7 (36,8%) estudos, embora a PAVM seja uma doença facil de ser contraida, ainda tem poucos profissionais que seguem os protocolos das instituições em relação a essa doença, fazendo com que auemnte o risco de contração e a permanecnia dos pacientes internados. Conclusões: Esses achados enfatizam a necessidade de concientização e manejo adequado das PAVM pelos enfermeiros, sugerindo a implementação de estratégias preventivas e de intervenção como prioridade na pratica clinica para proteger e melhorar a saude do bem estar dos adultos e idosos internados.
A Influência do contexto regional mato-grossense na identidade linguística de imigrantes
Authors: Cinti Cíntia Débora de Moraes , Demamann Sandra Teresinha , Schultz Aline da Rocha , Mateus Márcia Aparecida Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa que propõe investigar o processo de constituição da identidade linguística em um grupo de imigrantes residentes no Brasil por período superior a cinco meses. Sendo eles, uma cubana, um haitiano e um marroquino. Os imigrantes foram entrevistados a partir de um roteiro de perguntas semiestruturadas com enfoque, dentre outros tópicos, sobre a aprendizagem e uso da língua portuguesa para estabelecimento de laços sociais. Partindo do pressuposto de que os sentidos estão sempre em movimento no funcionamento da linguagem (Orlandi, 2016) e que para o progresso e transformação social de civilizações o contato com línguas estrangeiras foi preponderante (Rajagopalan, 2008), analisamos o impacto do ambiente regional mato-grossense como elemento central na produção de sentidos e na construção da identidade linguística dos imigrantes. O embasamento teórico foi construído com base em autores como Hanks (2008), Bauman (2005), Hall (2003), Rajagopalan (1998, 2003, 2008), Pêcheux (1995) e Orlandi (2016), entre outros. Os resultados indicam que a identidade linguística dos imigrantes é resultado do atravessamento de ideologias sob as quais os sentidos sobre uma interlíngua são construídos e, sobretudo, por efeito do contexto regional e das relações culturais estabelecidas dentro das práticas de linguagem.
Eficiência das ferramentas de planejamento e controle de obras: um estudo de caso no aeroporto internacional de Manaus – Eduardo Gomes
Authors: Canto Âmila Maila Cornélio , Fernandes Fernando de Farias
Published: December 2024

Em relação ao gerenciamento de empreendimentos, pode-se afirmar que a crescente complexidade das tarefas organizacionais, a demanda por maior flexibilidade e sofisticação nas abordagens para tratar essas atividades, assim como o aumento na escala e escopo dos empreendimentos, exigem que a gestão disponha de ferramentas de planejamento e controle adequadas a esse contexto. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a eficiência das ferramentas de planejamento e controle de obras, por meio de um estudo de caso aplicado nos serviços de uma obra no Aeroporto Internacional de Manaus – Eduardo Gomes. O desenvolvimento deste estudo compreende a revisão bibliográfica de ferramentas de planejamento e controle, Método PERT/CPM e Curva S, identificando os principais fatores que influenciam sua eficiência por meio de uma análise comparativa dos resultados planejados e executados. Através das ferramentas de planejamento, analisa-se a aplicação dessas técnicas no gerenciamento de empreendimentos. Assim, este trabalho visa estudar a eficiência dessas ferramentas para a contribuição significativa em relação ao cumprimento dos prazos, controle das atividades e tomada de decisão. Concluir que a adoção dessas ferramentas pode ser um diferencial estratégico na gestão de obras na construção civil.
Análise da lei brasileira de inclusão e da legislação educacional no atendimento de educandos da educação básica com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade
Authors: Pereira Emanuel David Silva , Alves Fabrício Germano
Published: December 2024

A análise da inclusão educacional de alunos com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) envolve a aplicação das disposições da Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (LBI) e da legislação educacional brasileira, especialmente no ensino básico. Nesse contexto, este estudo aborda as obrigações impostas às instituições escolares e as barreiras para efetivar essa inclusão, considerando a necessidade de adaptação curricular e suporte especializado. Assim, evidencia-se que a problemática central gira em torno da seguinte questão: de que maneira as escolas de educação básica podem cumprir efetivamente as obrigações impostas pela LBI, especialmente no que se refere ao art. 28, no atendimento a educandos com TDAH? O estudo é relevante porque busca garantir a efetividade dos direitos educacionais assegurados constitucionalmente, promovendo uma educação que respeite as especificidades dos alunos com TDAH. O objetivo principal é analisar os obstáculos e propor mecanismos para a implementação do atendimento integral de alunos com TDAH, conforme previsto na LBI e na legislação educacional brasileira. Metodologicamente, emprega-se uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa e procedimentos técnicos bibliográficos e documentais. Conclui-se que, para que as escolas de educação básica cumpram efetivamente a LBI no atendimento a alunos com TDAH, conforme o artigo 28, é essencial adotar práticas pedagógicas individualizadas, capacitar professores e dispor de equipes multidisciplinares. Medidas como a criação de planos educacionais personalizados (PEP), uso de metodologias adaptadas e parceria com as famílias são fundamentais para apoiar o desenvolvimento desses estudantes. Além disso, implementar mecanismos de acompanhamento e avaliação permite ajustar as práticas conforme as necessidades dos alunos, garantindo um ambiente inclusivo que assegure o pleno desenvolvimento e equidade para todos.
Tratamento cirúrgico da hipertensão intracraniana
Authors: Aguila Raquel Garcia , Amorim Thaís Bomfim de , Silva Pedro Augusto Barbosa , Souza Lúcia Helena Conte , Silva Mateus de Grise Barroso da , Moreira Maria Eduarda Soares , Campos Clara Perdigão de Assis Machado , Santos Daniel Wesley Teodoro , Carvalho Míllian Souza de , Silva Thaís Coutinho da , Acácio Bruna Costa , Nacagami Lucas Rodrigues , Chagas Luiz Eduardo Viana , Barros Rafael Almeida
Published: December 2024

Introdução: As lesões cerebrais graves e agudas necessitam de cuidados especializados. Pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico grave e agudo, além dos com acidentes vasculares encefálicas podem apresentar possibilidade de complicações. A pressão intracraniana (PIC) elevada após essas condições é uma causa importante de mortalidade. A identificação, intervenção rápida e início do tratamento é importante para melhora do prognóstico do paciente. Objetivo: Analisar a importância do tratamento cirúrgico na hipertensão intracraniana. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa dos últimos 5 anos, do período de 2019 a 2024, as base de dados utilizadas foram: Literatura Latino–Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medline com os descritores:  "hipertensão" "intracraniana"  "tratamento" "cirurgico". Foram encontrados 46 artigos, sendo eles submetidos aos critérios de seleção. Além disso, foi utilizado um documento de Medicina Intensiva. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos disponibilizados na íntegra e que se relacionavam à proposta estudada. Resultados e Discussão: O tratamento cirúrgico é recomendado em pacientes refratários ao tratamento clínico. A drenagem ventricular externa pode auxiliar na redução da PIC. A craniectomia descompressiva (CD) é indicada em alguns pacientes com TCE. A CD primária é uma opção de tratamento após uma craniectomia inicial. A CD secundária é sugerida para redução da PIC em pacientes refratários ao tratamento clínico, com intuito de reduzir a mortalidade. O tratamento minimamente invasivo e a cirurgia endoscópica tem mostrado bons resultados no tratamento dessa condição. Conclusão: Nessa perspectiva, evidencia-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico para redução da mortalidade e melhora do prognóstico.
Interface entre fisiologia humana e sinais vitais
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Maniezzo , Andrade Caio Leonardo Faria , Neves Ketlen Kawanny Silva , Almeida Gabriella Faria , Silva Thaís Muniz da , Souza Rebeca Ferreira de , Rodrigues Kawanny de Freitas , Palheta Washington José Nogueira , Sanches Mary Angela de Meneses , Paula Júnior Newton Ferreira de
Published: December 2024

Identificar e descrever a relação entre fisiologia humana e sinais vitais, e apresentar como os sinais vitais refletem o estado fisiológico do ser humano objetivou a realização deste estudo. Esta é uma revisão bibliográfica, uma construção embasada em fontes bibliográficas de acesso livre, por meio de bibliotecas virtuais e livros, escolhidas mediante critérios de inclusão e exclusão. O sistema nervoso, central e periférico, regula sinais vitais como frequência cardíaca, respiratória, pressão arterial e temperatura corporal. Destaca-se os mecanismos de regulação da temperatura corporal e da dor, além das interações com os sistemas nervoso, cardiovascular, respiratório, renal, endócrino e reprodutor são abordados. Essas interconexões enfatizam a importância dos sinais vitais na monitorização fisiológica e na tomada de decisão clínica, isso oferece insights essenciais para a prática de enfermagem. A interface da fisiologia e os sinais vitais revela-se na complexa resposta adaptativa do organismo às demandas internas e externas. A análise dos sinais vitais mostra-se fundamental na promoção da qualidade do cuidado e da assistência ao paciente, o que fornece indicadores confiáveis para monitorar o estado de saúde e a evolução do tratamento, a fim de devolver o paciente de maneira funcional, o mais oportuno possível, para a comunidade em sua totalidade.