bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identity Leadership and Work Engagement in Spain: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Identity Leadership Inventory
Authors: Laguía Ana , Moriano Juan Antonio , Molero Fernando , García-Ael Cristina , Van Dick Rolf
Published: February 2022

This paper reports the adaptation and validation of the Identity Leadership Inventory (ILI) in a Spanish organizational context. In addition, this study empirically explores the positive relationship between identity leadership and followers’ work engagement as mediated by positive and negative job-related affect. A total of 854 employees from different organizations (53.6% female, 46.4% male; M = 40.7 years, SD = 11.5, 19-74) completed an online questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, as well as confirmatory factor analyses, were conducted. According to our results, the Spanish version of the ILI had adequate psychometric properties. The four dimensions obtained in other countries (i.e., identity prototypicality, identity advancement, identity entrepreneurship, and identity impresarioship) were replicated in our sample. Moreover, we found that only identity entrepreneurship significantly related to followers’ positive and negative affect at work, which in turn, related to reported work engagement. We conclude that the Spanish version of the ILI adequately measures identity leadership in organizations. Future studies can build on this instrument to assess and foster identity leadership among supervisors.
Justicia restaurativa y su relación con la empatía y los valores Sociales
Authors: Lozano Francisca , Fernández Sedano Itziar
Published: February 2022

Con el propósito de conocer cómo se relacionan los indicadores psicosociales, caracterizados por la empatía y los valores sociales, se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de Justicia Restaurativa (JR) en el que participaron 187 sujetos pertenecientes a la población general, con una media de edad de 40.27 (DE = 12.32) años. Éstos fueron asignados al azar a un supuesto sobre JR que contenía 3 condiciones (desafiante, arrepentimiento e impunidad) y cuestiones sobre la gestión del delito, como son: el castigo, el diálogo, la responsabilización y la reparación. Además, los participantes cumplimentaron escalas sobre emociones negativas (α = 0.81), empatía (α = 0.72) y valores sociales (α = 0.76). A través de análisis correlacionales (r de Pearson) y de comparación de medias (prueba t y ANOVA) se constató que la emoción que se siente con más intensidad, ante el delito que sufre otra persona, es el enfado, existiendo diferencias en función de las actitudes desafiante y de arrepentimiento mostradas por el agresor, para el conjunto de emociones negativas, así como para la posibilidad de aceptar el diálogo entre las partes. El hecho de poseer alta amabilidad empática hace que se faciliten los procesos de JR caracterizados por la responsabilización y la reparación, mientras que los valores de conservadurismo (tradición y seguridad) se vincularon con el castigo. Todos estos hallazgos permiten avanzar en el estudio de la JR, la empatía y los valores sociales.
Implicación del padre no custodio y autoestima infantil tras el divorcio parental en España
Authors: Morgado Camacho Beatriz , González M. Mar , López Ana
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo pretende (1) estudiar la implicación del padre no residente tras el divorcio y, (2) analizar si esta se relaciona con la autoestima infantil. Se entrevistaron a 83 madres divorciadas y 96 niños y niñas de Sevilla (España). Estos tenían entre 6 y 14 años (M = 9.21; SD = 1.94). Se accedió a las familias a través de las escuelas. Los resultados mostraron heterogeneidad en la implicación del padre no residente: la frecuencia de contactos variaba entre los que no tenían relación con él y los que lo veían semanal o diariamente; el 88% valoraba positivamente la relación con su padre; el 38.5% pernoctaba con él; el 80.2% de los padres no participaba en las decisiones de sus hijos e hijas; y el 46,8% no pagaba la pensión establecida por el juez. Los resultados indicaron que los niños y niñas presentaban una buena autoestima (M = 2.96; SD = 0.53). Finalmente, mostraron una relación significativa entre la autoestima infantil y la calidad de la relación padre-hijo (F(1,73) = 5.92, p <0.01). Estos resultados ofrecen claves para mejorar la autoestima infantil tras el divorcio parental, considerando el papel que juega sobre la misma la implicación del padre no residente.
Prevalencia y características del acoso y ciberacoso entre adolescentes
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Miguel , Berrocal de Luna Emilio , Alonso Ferres Marta
Published: February 2022

En el presente artículo, se analizan experiencias de acoso y ciberacoso con el propósito de conocer tanto las características que las envuelven como su prevalencia. Participaron 220 estudiantes desde sexto de educación primaria a primero de bachillerato, escolarizados en centros educativos de la provincia de Granada, seleccionados mediante un muestreo incidental no probabilístico. Para el diseño de la investigación, se optó por un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo no experimental, amparado bajo la técnica de encuesta, utilizando una versión adaptada del cuestionario Ciberbull, utilizado por Giménez et al. (2015). Los resultados mostraron una propensión elevada en ambas manifestaciones de acoso (23.6 % acosadores y 14.1 % victimas), detectando que estas situaciones tendían a disminuir conforme al aumento de la edad del alumnado. Además, se hallaron diferencias, por un lado, en el sexode los sujetos que perpetran acoso (Mhombres = 1.2; DE = 0.4 vs. Mmujeres = 1.09; DE = 0.29) y, por otra parte, en la prevalencia de victimización (β = 0.542, p < 0.05), poniéndose de manifiesto que el hecho de ser acosado, puede ser un valor predictivo de ser víctima de ciberacoso. Por último, se recomienda continuar el estudio, realizando un análisis factorial exploratorio del instrumento, así como ampliando la muestra de participantes.
Variabilidad y cambio en la comprensión de deseos en niños preescolares: un estudio microgenético
Authors: Arroyave Hurtado Juan Pablo , Villada Zapata Johny Andrey , Bermúdez Jaimes Milton Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Este estudio analiza la capacidad de 14 niños (35% varones) entre 2 y 3 años (M = 2.9; SD = 0.17) para comprender los deseos. La literatura ha dado por sentado que niños de esas edades comprenden deseos simples, amparándose en una postura estructuralista del desarrollo, en la que básicamente hay una descripción de hitos que están relacionados con la edad. En contraposición a esta tradición, este estudio busca dar cuenta del cambio y la variabilidad, apoyándose en la teoría de los Sistemas Dinámicos No Lineales. Por ello, usando el método microgenético, se evaluó durante varias sesiones la capacidad de los niños para usar los deseos de otros para predecir emociones y comportamientos. Se adaptaron las tareas clásicas de Wellman y Wooley (1990), y se les presentaron a los niños en 5 sesiones, en las que había 3 variaciones de las tareas.  Los datos se analizaron con la técnica de mínimos y máximos, y se encontraron un conjunto de trayectorias con muchas fluctuaciones, que distan de mostrar desempeños altos y estables como lo afirman estudios previos. Se concluye que en la investigación sobre el desarrollo, las visiones acumulativas y homogéneas dificultan la observación del cambio y de la amplitud del mismo, por ello se requiere hacer hincapié en la variabilidad.
Demonstratingsolarpilot’s Python Application Programmable Interface Through Heliostat Optimal Aimpoint Strategy Use Case
Authors: Hamilton William T. , Wagner Michael J. , Zolan Alexander J.
Published: March 2022

solarpilot is a software package that generates solar field layouts and characterizes the optical performance of concentrating solar power (CSP) tower systems. solarpilot was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as a stand-alone desktop application but has also been incorporated into NREL’s System Advisor Model (SAM) in a simplified format. Prior means for user interaction with solarpilot have included the application’s graphical interface, the SAM routines with limited configurability, and through a built-in scripting language called “LK.” This article presents a new, full-featured, python-based application programmable interface (API) for solarpilot, which we hereafter refer to as CoPylot. CoPylot enables python users to perform detailed CSP tower analysis utilizing either the Hermite expansion technique (analytical) or the SolTrace ray-tracing engine. CoPylot’s enables CSP researchers to perform analysis that was previously not possible through solarpilot’s existing interfaces. This article discusses the capabilities of CoPylot and presents a use case wherein we populate a model that obtains optimal solar field aiming strategies.
REVIEWS OF ACOUSTICAL PATENTS
Authors: Fulop Sean A.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of these acoustical patent reviews is to provide enough information for a Journal reader to decide whether to seek more information from the patent itself. Any opinions expressed here are those of the reviewers as individuals and are not legal opinions. Patents are available via the internet at the USPTO website.
Celebrating the Professional Life of Professor Kevin D. Tipton (1961–2022)
Authors: Witard Oliver C. , Ferrando Arny A. , Phillips Stuart M.
Published: February 2022

This invited editorial celebrates the distinguished professional life of Professor Kevin D. Tipton, who sadly passed away on January 9, 2022. Professor Tipton made an outstanding contribution to the scientific field of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism over an exceptional 30-year career. He dedicated his academic career to understanding the response of muscle protein metabolism to exercise and nutrition. The impact of his work is far-reaching with application to athletes in terms of promoting training adaptation, recovery, and performance, alongside clinical implications for injury management and healthy aging. Notable scientific contributions included the first in vivo human study to demonstrate the role of orally ingested essential amino acids in stimulating muscle protein synthesis during acute post-exercise recovery. This finding laid the foundation for future studies to interrogate the response of muscle protein synthesis to the ingestion of different protein types. Professor Tipton’s work also included investigating the maximally effective dose and timing (regarding exercise) of ingested protein for the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. Kevin will be remembered fondly by academics, applied scientists, and students across the sport nutrition and exercise metabolism community as a leading researcher in the field, a critical thinker, and an inspirational teacher. His mission was to educate the next generation of exercise scientists by sharing his distinct wealth of knowledge accrued over three decades. Above all else, Kevin was kind, generous (with his time and knowledge), honest, and incredibly social. He was a unique character and will be greatly missed among our community but certainly never forgotten.
“I Feel Empowered and Alive!”: Exploring Embodiment Among Physically Active Women
Authors: Paulson Gretchen , Greenleaf Christy
Published: March 2022

This study explored the association between physical activity and the experience of embodiment among women aged 40 years and older. Women (n = 112; Mage = 63.55, SD = 9.36) who reported engaging in physical activity at least twice per week completed an online survey including the Experiences of Embodiment Scale, Embodied Physical Activity Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and an open-ended item. Multivariate analysis of covariance indicated significant differences in embodiment between different levels of activity, and follow-up univariate analyses revealed that high active women reported higher scores on two Experiences of Embodiment Scale subscales (positive body connection and agency and expression) than low active women. Significant differences were also seen in Embodied Physical Activity Questionnaire scores across groups, with higher active women reporting stronger experiences of embodiment during exercise. The findings suggest a positive relationship between physical activity and experiences of embodiment and highlight the need to further explore ways to cultivate these experiences.
Characterization of the First Cultured Representative of “
Candidatus
Thermofonsia” Clade 2 within
Chloroflexi
Reveals Its Phototrophic Lifestyle
Authors: Zheng Rikuan , Cai Ruining , Wang Chong , Liu Rui , Sun Chaomin
Published: March 2022

The deep ocean microbiota represents the unexplored majority of global ocean waters. The phylum
Chloroflexi
is abundant and broadly distributed in various deep-sea ecosystems.
Subinhibitory Concentration of Colistin Promotes the Conjugation Frequencies of
Mcr-1-
and
bla
NDM-5
-Positive Plasmids
Authors: Xiao Xia , Zeng Fuxin , Li Ruichao , Liu Yuan , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: March 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) dissemination is a growing global threat. As a last-resort treatment against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, colistin has been used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes in veterinary medicine.
Supplemental Material: The Buckskin-Rawhide and northern Plomosa Mountains metamorphic core complexes, west-central Arizona, USA Item
Authors: Singleton John , al. et
Published: February 2022

Google Earth kmz files with details about locations and specific outcrops
Multisystem organ failure secondary to acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) with atypical presentation resembling septic shock
Authors: Cravero Karen , Chakrala Teja , Shychuk Andrew
Published: March 2022

A woman was admitted for sepsis secondary to cellulitis. After clinical improvement of sepsis, non-follicular small pustules were observed on the trunk, limbs and face while vesicles/bullae and skin exfoliation were noted on upper extremities. Larger systemic manifestations included fever, hypertension and tachycardia. Laboratory results revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis, eosinophilia, mild transaminitis and acute renal failure. Despite treatment for potential sepsis and discontinuation of offending agents, her condition worsened leading to haemodynamic instability and renal failure requiring vasopressor support, intubation and continuous veno-venous haemodialysis. Skin biopsy revealed a diagnosis of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), a rare condition usually caused by antibiotic treatment. The suspected offending drug was clindamycin, with possible combined effects by metronidazole and/or vancomycin. Improvement of skin manifestations were seen within 48 hours of starting systemic steroids. Here, we present an uncharacteristic case of AGEP clinically presenting with atypical skin lesions, severe systemic involvement mimicking septic shock, which culminated in multisystem organ failure.
Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumour imitating as pancreatic head tumour
Authors: Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Nayar Raghav , Yadav Taruna , Khera Sudeep
Published: March 2022

Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumours (D-GISTs) are a rare disease. It may arise commonly from the second or third part of the duodenum and can be erroneously diagnosed as a pancreatic head tumour due to proximity and morphology on imaging studies. We present a case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed as a case of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour on radiologic imaging and granulomatous lesion on aspiration cytology. A ~5×3 cm mass was noted in the pancreatic head on laparotomy, and pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Histopathology reported an exophytic GIST arising from the second part of the duodenum. Hence, D-GIST can invade the pancreas and mimic pancreatic head tumours; therefore, these tumours should be kept in the differential diagnosis of an atypical pancreatic head mass.
Muscle-strengthening activities are associated with lower risk and mortality in major non-communicable diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Momma Haruki , Kawakami Ryoko , Honda Takanori , Sawada Susumu S
Published: March 2022

Objective

To quantify the associations between muscle-strengthening activities and the risk of non-communicable diseases and mortality in adults independent of aerobic activities.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Data sources

MEDLINE and Embase were searched from inception to June 2021 and the reference lists of all related articles were reviewed.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

Prospective cohort studies that examined the association between muscle-strengthening activities and health outcomes in adults aged ≥18 years without severe health conditions.

Results

Sixteen studies met the eligibility criteria. Muscle-strengthening activities were associated with a 10–17% lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), total cancer, diabetes and lung cancer. No association was found between muscle-strengthening activities and the risk of some site-specific cancers (colon, kidney, bladder and pancreatic cancers). J-shaped associations with the maximum risk reduction (approximately 10–20%) at approximately 30–60 min/week of muscle-strengthening activities were found for all-cause mortality, CVD and total cancer, whereas an L-shaped association showing a large risk reduction at up to 60 min/week of muscle-strengthening activities was observed for diabetes. Combined muscle-strengthening and aerobic activities (versus none) were associated with a lower risk of all-cause, CVD and total cancer mortality.

Conclusion

Muscle-strengthening activities were inversely associated with the risk of all-cause mortality and major non-communicable diseases including CVD, total cancer, diabetes and lung cancer; however, the influence of a higher volume of muscle-strengthening activities on all-cause mortality, CVD and total cancer is unclear when considering the observed J-shaped associations.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42020219808.
Squalene epoxidase drives cancer cell proliferation and promotes gut dysbiosis to accelerate colorectal carcinogenesis
Authors: Li Chuangen , Wang Yong , Liu Dabin , Wong Chi Chun , Coker Olabisi Oluwabukola , Zhang Xiang , Liu Changan , Zhou Yunfei , Liu Yali , Kang Wei , To Ka Fai , Sung Joseph JY , Yu Jun
Published: March 2022

Objective

Aberrant lipid metabolism is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). Squalene epoxidase (SQLE), a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, is upregulated in CRC. Here, we aim to determine oncogenic function of SQLE and its interplay with gut microbiota in promoting colorectal tumourigenesis.

Design

Paired adjacent normal tissues and CRC from two cohorts were analysed (n=202). Colon-specific Sqle transgenic (Sqle tg) mice were generated by crossing Rosa26-lsl-Sqle mice to Cdx2-Cre mice. Stools were collected for metagenomic and metabolomic analyses.

Results

SQLE messenger RNA and protein expression was upregulated in CRC (p<0.01) and predict poor survival of patients with CRC. SQLE promoted CRC cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle progression and suppressing apoptosis. In azoxymethane-induced CRC model, Sqle tg mice showed increased tumourigenesis compared with wild-type mice (p<0.01). Integrative metagenomic and metabolomic analyses unveiled gut dysbiosis in Sqle tg mice with enriched pathogenic bacteria, which was correlated to increased secondary bile acids. Consistent with detrimental effect of secondary bile acids, gut barrier function was impaired in Sqle tg mice, with reduced tight junction proteins Jam-c and occludin. Transplantation of Sqle tg mice stool to germ-free mice impaired gut barrier function and stimulated cell proliferation compared with control mice stool. Finally, we demonstrated that terbinafine, a SQLE inhibitor, could be repurposed for CRC by synergising with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil to inhibit CRC growth.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that SQLE mediates oncogenesis via cell intrinsic effects and modulation of gut microbiota-metabolite axis. SQLE represents a therapeutic target and prognostic marker in CRC.
COVID-19 infection and outcomes in a population-based cohort of 17 203 adults with intellectual disabilities compared with the general population
Authors: Henderson Angela , Fleming Michael , Cooper Sally-Ann , Pell Jill P , Melville Craig , Mackay Daniel F , Hatton Chris , Kinnear Deborah
Published: March 2022

Background

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) may be at higher risk of COVID-19 death. We compared COVID-19 infection, severe infection, mortality, case fatality and excess deaths, among adults with, and without, ID.

Methods

Adults with ID in Scotland’s Census, 2011, and a 5% sample of other adults, were linked to COVID-19 test results, hospitalisation data and deaths (24 January 2020–15 August 2020). We report crude rates of COVID-19 infection, severe infection (hospitalisation/death), mortality, case fatality; age-standardised, sex-standardised and deprivation-standardised severe infection and mortality ratios; and annual all-cause mortality for 2020 and 2015–2019.

Findings

Successful linkage of 94.9% provided data on 17 203 adults with, and 188 634 without, ID. Adults with ID had more infection (905/100 000 vs 521/100 000); severe infection (538/100 000 vs 242/100 000); mortality (258/100 000 vs 116/100 000) and case fatality (30% vs 24%). Poorer outcomes remained after standardisation: standardised severe infection ratio 2.61 (95% CI 1.81 to 3.40) and mortality ratio 3.26 (95% CI 2.19 to 4.32). These were higher at ages 55–64: 7.39 (95% CI 3.88 to 10.91) and 19.05 (95% CI 9.07 to 29.02), respectively, and in men, and less deprived neighbourhoods. All-cause mortality was slightly higher in 2020 than 2015–2019 for people with ID: standardised mortality ratio 2.50 (95% CI 2.18 to 2.82) and 2.39 (95% CI 2.28 to 2.51), respectively.

Conclusion

Adults with ID had more COVID-19 infections, and worse outcomes once infected, particularly adults under 65 years. Non-pharmaceutical interventions directed at formal and informal carers are essential to reduce transmission. All adults with ID should be prioritised for vaccination and boosters regardless of age.
Using an application to measure trainees’ procedural knowledge before chest tube insertion
Authors: De Mol Leander , Vangeneugden Joris , Desender Liesbeth , Van Herzeele Isabelle , Konge Lars , Willaert Wouter
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study

To collect validity evidence for the chest tube insertion (CTI) test mode on the medical simulation application Touch Surgery. This was done by using Messick’s contemporary framework.

Methods

Novice, intermediate and experienced participants provided informed consent and demographic information. After familiarisation with the application, they completed the CTI test mode. Validity evidence was collected from four sources: content, response process, relation to other variables and consequences. A post-study questionnaire with 5-point Likert scales assessed the perceived realism, relevance and utility of the assessment. Mean scores of the three groups were compared.

Results

A total of 25 novices, 11 intermediates and 19 experienced participants were recruited. Content evidence was collected by an expert in CTI and was based on published literature and guidelines. All users were familiarised with the application, and received standardised instructions throughout the test. Most users rated the simulation as realistic and suitable to assess cognitive skills. Novices received significantly lower (55.9±7.5) test mode scores than intermediates (80.6±4.4) (p<0.001) and experienced participants (82.3±5.3) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in score between intermediate and experienced participants (p=0.75). Consequences evidence was provided by establishing a pass/fail score of 71% using the contrasting groups method, which resulted in one observed false positive and no false negatives.

Conclusion

A robust validity argument was constructed for the CTI test mode, which can be implemented in surgical curricula to assess learners’ cognitive skills prior to hands-on simulation practice.
Evaluating US smokers’ willingness to pay for different cigarette packaging designs before and after real-world exposure in a randomised trial
Authors: Stone Matthew , Dimofte Claudiu , Strong David , Pulvers Kim , Crespo Noe C , Leas Eric C , Pierce John P
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Removal of tobacco industry branding from cigarette packs may reduce their appeal. Adding graphic warning labels (GWLs) should enhance this effect. We investigate whether willingness to pay for various packaging designs changes after 3 months’ use of: (1) US branded packs without GWLs (US), (2) non-branded packs without GWLs (Blank), and (3) rotating non-branded packs with GWLs (gangrene; throat cancer; neonatal baby) covering >75% of pack (GWL).

Methods

Californian adult daily smokers not planning to quit (n=287; 56% female; mean age=39.6) completed a discrete choice purchase task before and after 3 months’ experience using one of three packaging options. Conjoint analysis and pre-post modelling evaluated the change in importance of pack attributes and willingness to pay for US, Blank or GWL (blindness; teeth; gangrene) pack designs.

Results

Price determined ~70% of purchase choices, while pack design determined ~22%. Irrespective of intervention arm, US packaging generated appeal valuations compared with Blank packaging, while GWLs consistently provoked strong aversive valuations at baseline and follow-up. Compared with the US pack arm, using GWL packs for 3 months decreased willingness to pay for US packaging (β=−$0.38, 95% CI −0.76 to 0.00). Wear-out effects were detected in the discount needed to willingly purchase the gangrene-GWL pack (β=$0.49, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.82) and Blank pack (β=$0.42, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.74) but not for GWLs (blindness, teeth) not used in trial.

Conclusion

Compared with US branded packs, the negative valuation of non-branded GWL packs attenuates with even 3 months’ use but does not generalise to non-used GWLs. This suggests that GWLs should be regularly refreshed. The appeal valuation of industry imagery suggests that the US plan to retain such imagery on packs may ameliorate the effect of GWLs.
Towards model descriptions of the latest data by the NA61/SHINE collaboration on $${^{40}\mathrm{Ar}+{^{45}}\mathrm{Sc}}$$ and $${^{7}\mathrm{Be}+{^{9}}\mathrm{Be}}$$ interactions
Authors: Galoyan A. , Ribon A. , Uzhinsky V. ,   the Geant4 hadronic physics working group
Published: February 2022

Application of the HIJING, EPOS 1.99, UrQMD and Geant4 FTF models for the analysis of experimental data by the collaboration is considered. A short description of the models is given. It is shown that the FTF (FRITIOF) model of the Geant4 toolkit describes well the NA61/SHINE data on $$\pi ^-$$

π
-

meson rapidity distributions in $${ ^{40}\mathrm{Ar}+{}^{45}\mathrm{Sc}}$$

40

Ar
+

45

Sc

interactions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$$

s

NN

=

5.2 and 6.1 GeV. At higher energies, $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$$

s

NN

=

7.6, 8.8, 11.9 and 16.8 GeV, the model underestimates the data by 13%, 14%, 14% and 27%, respectively. The model also describes well the analogous data for $${^{7}\mathrm{Be}+{}^{9}\mathrm{Be}}$$

7

Be
+

9

Be

interactions at all energies ($$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$$

s

NN

=

6.1–16.8 GeV). It is the best model description among the descriptions of other models considered by the collaboration.
Brownian particles driven by spatially periodic noise
Authors: Breoni Davide , Blossey Ralf , Löwen Hartmut
Published: March 2022

We discuss the dynamics of a Brownian particle under the influence of a spatially periodic noise strength in one dimension using analytical theory and computer simulations. In the absence of a deterministic force, the Langevin equation can be integrated formally exactly. We determine the short- and long-time behaviour of the mean displacement (MD) and mean-squared displacement (MSD). In particular, we find a very slow dynamics for the mean displacement, scaling as$$t^{-1/2}$$t-1/2with timet. Placed under an additional external periodic force near the critical tilt value we compute the stationary current obtained from the corresponding Fokker–Planck equation and identify an essential singularity if the minimum of the noise strength is zero. Finally, in order to further elucidate the effect of the random periodic driving on the diffusion process, we introduce a phase factor in the spatial noise with respect to the external periodic force and identify the value of the phase shift for which the random force exerts its strongest effect on the long-time drift velocity and diffusion coefficient

Graphical Abstract
The anisotropic Dunkl oscillator problem on the two-dimensional curved spaces
Authors: Najafizade Amene , Panahi Hossein
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we study the two-dimensional (2D) Euclidean anisotropic Dunkl oscillator model in an integrable generalization to curved ones of the 2D sphere [Formula: see text] and the hyperbolic plane [Formula: see text]. This generalized model depends on the deformation parameter [Formula: see text] of underlying space and involves reflection operators [Formula: see text] in such a way that all the results are simultaneously valid for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. It turns out that this system is superintegrable based on the special cases of parameter [Formula: see text], which constant measures the asymmetry of the two frequencies in the 2D Dunkl model. Therefore, the Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] can be interpreted as an anisotropic generalization of the curved Higgs–Dunkl oscillator in the limit [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text], the system turns out to be the well-known superintegrable 1:2 Dunkl oscillator on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. In this way, the integrals of the motion arising from the anisotropic Dunkl oscillator are quadratic in the Dunkl derivatives for the special cases of [Formula: see text]. Moreover, these symmetries obtain by the Jordan–Schwinger representation in the family of the Cayley–Klein orthogonal algebras using the creation and annihilation operators of the dynamical [Formula: see text] algebra of the 1D Dunkl oscillator. The resulting algebra is a deformation of [Formula: see text] with reflections, which is named the Jordan–Schwinger–Dunkl algebra [Formula: see text]. The spectrum of this system is determined by the separation of variables in geodesic polar coordinates, and the resulting eigenfunctions are algebraically given in terms of Jacobi polynomials.
Recent developments of lead dioxide electrodes electrodeposited from methanesulfonate electrolytes
Authors: Tan Jingyi , Zhang Dongdong , Huang Wenping , He Zhen
Published: March 2022

Lead dioxide (PbO[Formula: see text] electrodes have been actively studied since their large-scale application in energy storage industries in the late 20th century. In modern industry, PbO2 electrodes are anodically electrodeposited from the oxidizing and toxic chloride and nitrate systems. In recent studies, the PbO2 electrodeposition from methanesulfonate medium is widely proposed owing to the large ion solubility and environmental friendliness. The further developments in PbO2 electrodeposited from methanesulfonate electrolytic system is now becoming increasingly important and its future scale-up applications could be envisaged. In this regard, this review illustrates the recent developments of lead dioxide electrodes prepared from methanesulfonate electrolytes.
Research on fatigue crack growth behavior: Experimental and prediction method of titanium alloy
Authors: Yongzheng Li , Xiangyu Huang , Ke Wang , Xu Bai , Yanqing Li , Shixin Zhang , Chao Bian , Chengcheng Bian , Longqian Gao , Li Wu
Published: March 2022

A new type of titanium alloy for the pressure shell of a manned deep-sea submersible is studied. The fatigue performance and the fracture toughness of the titanium alloy are obtained under R = 0.03, 0.3, and 0.5. The curves of fatigue crack growth rate under three load ratios are predicted based on the existing fatigue crack growth rate prediction model. The results show that the fatigue crack growth threshold decreases with the increase of the load ratio, and the fatigue crack growth rate increases with the increase of the load ratio. The fatigue crack growth prediction model can accurately predict the fatigue crack growth rate of titanium alloy under different load ratios.
Adaptive Hardness Indicator Softmax for Deep Face Recognition
Authors: Cai Mao , Cheng Ning , Cao Chunzheng , Yang Jianwei , Chen Yunjie
Published: March 2022

Due to their simplicity and efficiency, the margin-based Softmax losses are proposed to enhance feature discrimination in face recognition. Recently, the strategy of hard sample mining is incorporated to the margin-based Softmax losses for focusing the misclassified samples and achieves superior performance. However, the current mining-based Softmax losses indicate the sample difficultness only from the perspective of the negative cosine similarity, which is local and not robust. To obtain more discriminative deep face features, a novel adaptive hardness indicator Softmax (AHI-Softmax) loss is proposed in this paper to fully exploit the hardness information of samples. Our AHI-Softmax firstly defines a global sample hardness indicator function that integrates three difficultness factors to robustly indicate the level of “hardness” in numerical form. Then, a training stage indicator is incorporated to avoid the convergence issue. Finally, a novel sample-related modulation coefficient of the negative cosine similarity which combines the global and local hardness indicator will be defined to further enhance the differentiation of constraints imposed on samples. The experimental results on general face datasets, including LFW, AgeDB-30, CFP-FP, CALFW, CPLFW, MegaFace, IJB-B and IJB-C, show that our method can obtain more discriminative features and achieve superior verification and recognition results.
Improving Utterance Rewriter Based on MMI and Text Data Augmentation
Authors: Yang Lina , Lin Hai , Li Wei , Meng Zuqiang , Wang Patrick Shen-Pei , Li Xichun , Luo Huiwu
Published: March 2022

In multi-round dialogue tasks, how to maintain the consistency of model answers is a major research challenge. Every answer to the model should be time dependent, causal, and logical. In order to maintain the consistency of the personality, dialogue style, and context of the model, it is necessary to retain the key information in the historical dialogue as much as possible so that the model can generate more accurate answers. Utterance rewriting is a technique that replenishes the information of the current sentence by analyzing the historical dialogue, so as to retain the key information. This paper mainly uses text augmentation, Maximum Mutual Information (MMI) method and character correction method based on Knuth–Morria–Pratt (KMP) algorithm to improve the effect of utterance rewriting generation. The number of original statement rewriting datasets is limited, and the cost of manual manufacturing is too high. By using the method of text data augmentation based on coreference resolution, the positive dataset that is missing from the statement rewriting dataset is repaired. At the same time, the existing datasets are expanded to increase the number of data. The generated results are optimized by using the MMI method, and the KMP character correction method is used to modify the wrong characters to improve the overall accuracy.
USE OF GAUSSIAN PROCESS TO MODEL, PREDICT AND EXPLAIN HUMAN EMOTIONAL RESPONSE TO CHINESE TRADITIONAL MUSIC
Authors: SU JUN , ZHOU PENG
Published: March 2022

Music listening is one of the most enigmatic of human mental phenomena; it not only triggers emotions but also changes our behavior. During the music session many people are observed to exhibit varying emotional response, which can be influenced by diverse factors such as music genre and instrument as well as the personal attributes of audiences. In this study, we assume that there is an intrinsic, complex and implicit relationship between the basic sound features of music and human emotional response to the music. The response levels of 12 individuals to a representative repertoire of 36 classical/popular Chinese traditional music (CTM) are systematically analyzed using the chills as a quantitative indicator, totally resulting in 432 ([Formula: see text]) CTM–individual pairs that define a systematic individual-to-music response profile (SPTMRP). Gaussian process (GP) is then employed to model the multivariate correlation of SPTMRP profile with 15 sound features (including 5 Timbres, 4 Rhythms and 6 Pitchs) and 5 individual features in a supervised manner, which is also improved by genetic algorithm (GA) feature selection and compared with other machine learning methods. It is shown that the built GP regression model possesses a strong internal fitting ability ([Formula: see text]) and a good external predictive power ([Formula: see text]), which performed much better than linear PLS and nonlinear SVM and RF, confirming that the human emotional response to music can be quantitatively explained by GP methodology. Statistical examination of the GP model reveals that the sound features contribute more significantly to emotional response than individual features; their importance increases in the order: [Formula: see text], in which the spectral centroid (SC), relative amplitude of salient peaks (RASP), ratio of peak amplitudes (RPA), sum of all rhythm histograms (SARH) and period of unfolded maximum peak (PUMP) as well as gender are primarily responsible for the response.
An efficient approach for quantum entanglement purification
Authors: Swathi Mummadi , Rudra Bhawana
Published: March 2022

Entanglement plays a major role in quantum information process and is a principal resource for various quantum applications like quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution, quantum communication, etc. Strong entangled pairs are required for efficient information process but system impurities during the transportation diminishes the entanglement by reducing the fidelity of the entangled pair. In order to reduce this, purification techniques can be used. In this paper, we propose an efficient entanglement purification method to distill the entanglement using entanglement swapping. The proposed method increases the fidelity of the entanglement and can be a proficient for various applications of quantum computing.
Terms of recurrence sequences in the solution sets of generalized Pell equations
Authors: Hajdu L. , Sebestyén P.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we completely describe those recurrence sequences which have infinitely many terms in the solution sets of generalized Pell equations. Further, we give an upper bound for the number of such terms when there are only finitely many of them.
Study of the photoluminescence of N-doped, Carbon Dot-based nanocomposite materials from citric acid and urea
Authors: Segkos Apostolos , Alexandratou Eleni , Sakellis Ilias , Boukos Nikolaos , Gardelis Spiros , Kordatos Konstantinos , Tsamis Christos
Published: March 2022

In this work, we investigate the photoluminescence mechanisms of N-doped, CQD-based nanocomposites, in the form of aqueous suspensions as well as the transition to thin films, in order to facilitate their use for solid-state applications. The products of two different synthetic routes have been investigated for their optical response in the form of aqueous suspensions and thin films. In addition, dialysis was utilized to purify and separate the as-synthesized material into different fractions, which were then studied separately. The PL spectra revealed two optical centers identified as H-aggregates of citrazinic acid derivatives and 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine-1,3,6(2H,5H)-trione (HPPT). The materials were further studied with FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy, as well as TEM microscopy, in order to acquire a better understanding of these optical centers. The optical centers were found to be excitation-independent emitters, sensitive to ambient pH conditions and able to interact with each other by an energy transfer mechanism in the solid state.
Towards client-side active measurements without application control
Authors: Goenka Palak , Zarifis Kyriakos , Gupta Arpit , Calder Matt
Published: March 2022

Monitoring performance and availability are critical to operating successful content distribution networks. Internet measurements provide the data needed for traffic engineering, alerting, and network diagnostics. While there are significant benefits to performing end-user active measurements, these capabilities are limited to a small number of content providers with application control. In this work, we present a solution to the long-standing problem of issuing active measurements from clients without requiring application control, e.g., injecting JavaScript to the content served. Our approach uses server-side programmable features of the Network Error Logging specification that allow a CDN to induce a browser connection to an HTTPS server of the CDN's choosing without application control.
Answering three questions about networking research
Authors: Rexford Jennifer , Shenker Scott
Published: March 2022

Researchers often talk about specific technical trends or research topics. But we rarely talk about how and why we do the research that we do. The process of submitting and reviewing papers puts our ideas through a particular kind of filter that may make all of the research seem like it follows some standard rubric, a SIGCOMM Normal Form if you will. During a panel at HotNets'21, five researchers---Hari Balakrishnan, Jon Crowcroft, Jennifer Rexford, Scott Shenker, and David Tennenhouse---each answered three questions about how they pick their own research topics, what areas they would like to see more research on, and how they evaluate conference papers. Due to the unexpectedly positive response to that panel, CCR will be publishing a series of answers to these three questions, starting with two participants from the panel but reaching out to others to provide answers from a broader cross-section of the SIGCOMM community.
H+-ATPases in Plant Growth and Stress Responses
Authors: Li Ying , Zeng Houqing , Xu Feiyun , Yan Feng , Xu Weifeng
Published: March 2022

H+-ATPases, including the phosphorylated intermediate–type (P-type) and vacuolar-type (V-type) H+-ATPases, are important ATP-driven proton pumps that generate membrane potential and provide proton motive force for secondary active transport. P- and V-type H+-ATPases have distinct structures and subcellular localizations and play various roles in growth and stress responses. A P-type H+-ATPase is mainly regulated at the posttranslational level by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of residues in its autoinhibitory C terminus. The expression and activity of both P- and V-type H+-ATPases are highly regulated by hormones and environmental cues. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in understanding of the evolution, regulation, and physiological roles of P- and V-type H+-ATPases, which coordinate and are involved in plant growth and stress adaptation. Understanding the different roles and the regulatory mechanisms of P- and V-type H+-ATPases provides a new perspective for improving plant growth and stress tolerance by modulating the activity of H+-ATPases, which will mitigate the increasing environmental stress conditions associated with ongoing global climate change.
Biomarker Approaches for Reconstructing Terrestrial Environmental Change
Authors: Inglis Gordon N. , Bhattacharya Tripti , Hemingway Jordon D. , Hollingsworth Emily H. , Feakins Sarah J. , Tierney Jessica E.
Published: February 2022

The response of the terrestrial biosphere to warming remains one of the most poorly understood and quantified aspects of the climate system. One way to test the behavior of the Earth system in warm climate states is to examine the geological record. The abundance, distribution, and/or isotopic composition of source-specific organic molecules (biomarkers) have been used to reconstruct terrestrial paleoenvironmental change over a range of geological timescales. Here, we review new or recently improved biomarker approaches for reconstructing ( a) physical climate variables (land temperature, rainfall), ( b) ecosystem state variables (vegetation, fire regime), and ( c) biogeochemical variables (soil residence time, methane cycling). This review encompasses a range of key compound classes (e.g., lipids, lignin, and carbohydrates). In each section, we explore the concept behind key biomarker approaches and discuss their successesas paleoenvironmental indicators. We emphasize that analyzing several biomarkers in tandem can provide unique insights into the Earth system. ▪ Biomarkers can be used to reconstruct terrestrial environmental change over a range of geological timescales. ▪ A multi-proxy biomarker approach provides novel insights into climate and the environment.
Political Theory Rediscovers Public Administration
Authors: Zacka Bernardo
Published: February 2022

Political theory is rediscovering the colossus of public administration—the vast public service and regulatory bureaucracies and their countless employees and extensions that conduct the daily business of government. This review explains how something so visible could ever have fallen from view, and surveys four burgeoning areas of research. These pertain to the legitimacy of public administration, to the articulation of standards of good government distinct from good public policy, to the analysis of how the moral agency of bureaucrats is implicated and undermined by the everyday operation of bureaucratic agencies, and to how we should conceptualize the state when we apprehend it through the seemingly banal routines of administration. What emerges from this body of work is a picture of the executive bureaucracy as an object of normative, critical, and conceptual inquiry on a par with the other two branches of government, the legislature and the judiciary.
Effects of pH and Cl− Content on Degradation Process of Pre-Passivated Stainless Steels in an Alkaline Solution
Authors: Yuan Xuwen , Wang Xuan , Yang Huaiyu
Published: March 2022

The degradation behavior of four prepassivated stainless steels (SSs) in the alkaline solutions with different Cl− concentrations and pH values were investigated by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky analysis and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the pH value and Cl− concentration, together with the phase ratio difference in the microstructure of SS, played a critical role in the degradation process of passive film. At low pH and high Cl− concentration, the passive film gradually enriched in Fe3+ and Cr3+ species and depleted in Fe2+ oxides and its self-regeneration process became more difficult. As the pH decreased, the passive film exhibited clear n-type and p-type semiconductor characteristics more clearly, and the decrease in dopant density well reflected the changes in Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio and electrochemical behavior. Based on the viewpoint of adsorption balance between OH− with inhibitory effect and Cl− with promotion effect on the degradation process, a mechanism for the degradation process of prepassivation film was proposed.