bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Free Gingival Graft versus Mucograft: Histological Evaluation
Authors: Menceva Zaklina , Dimitrovski Oliver , Popovska Mirjana , Spasovski Spiro , Spirov Vancho , Petrusevska Gordana
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION: The correction of the gingival recession is of esthetical and functional significance, but the tissue regeneration can only be confirmed by a histological examination.AIM: This study aims to make a comparison between the free gingival graft and the autograft.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 24 patients with single and multiple gingival recessions. Twelve patients were treated with a free gingival graft and the other twelve with a micrograft. Six months after the surgical procedure, a micro-punch biopsy of the transplantation area was performed. The tissue was histologically evaluated, graded in 4 categories: immature, mature, fragmented and edematous collagen tissue. The elastic fibres were also examined and graded in three categories: with a normal structure, fragmented rare and fragmented multiplied.RESULTS: Regarding the type of collagen tissue that was present, there was a significant difference between the two groups of patients, with a larger number of patients treated with a micrograft showing a presence of mature tissue, compared to the patients treated with a free gingival graft. A larger number of patients in both of the groups displayed elastic fibres with a rare fragmented structure; 33.3% of the patients showed a normal structure; 50% demonstrated a normal structure.CONCLUSION: The patients treated with a free gingival graft showed a larger presence of fragmented collagen tissue and fragmented elastic fibres, whereas a mature tissue was predominantly present in the surgical area where a Geistlich Mucograft was placed.
Le conseil génétique
Authors: Bordet Céline , Spentchian Myrtille , Héron Delphine
Published: March 2018

La consultation de conseil génétique est toujours un moment singulier dans la vie d’un patient, d’un couple ou d’un apparenté asymptomatique. L’accompagnement, l’écoute et le respect de la singularité du consultant sont au cœur de ces consultations. Après avoir défini la notion de « conseil génétique », nous développerons, à travers cet article, les différentes situations dans lesquelles une consultation de conseil génétique est indiquée, les professionnels qui en ont la responsabilité, le déroulement et l’objectif de ces consultations. Nous détaillerons en particulier le cas du diagnostic prénatal et du test génétique présymptomatique. Nous discuterons également des particularités de ces consultations ainsi que des répercussions importantes, et parfois inattendues, de l’avènement de techniques d’analyses de plus en plus performantes.
Comment parler de la génétique à l’enfant
Authors: Joly Lorraine
Published: March 2018

L’enfant concerné par la maladie génétique est confronté à une maladie qui ne peut être « enlevée », comme il pourrait le dire. La génétique est une histoire universelle, mais elle s’incarne souvent bruyamment et devient personnelle lorsque la maladie s’invite dans une famille. Ce qui est génétique fixe les choses au niveau biologique. Il va falloir apprendre à vivre avec la maladie sur un plan individuel et familial. Comment reprendre la main sur ce qui se joue, redevenir acteur de son destin ? Notamment en déroulant les mots à partir de son vécu pour un autre avec qui les partager. Avec les mots, on peut s’autoriser à ne rien figer. Nous pouvons les tisser entre eux, les changer, les faire évoluer, les ré---inventer. Ce texte retrace l’aventure d’une cocréation entre une psychologue et des enfants au pays de la génétique.
Les empires français et anglais du xviii e siècle face aux Acadiens
Authors: Vasquez-Parra Adeline
Published: March 2018

Dans de nombreux ouvrages historiques, les Acadiens, descendants de colons français catholiques ayant peuplé l’ancienne colonie française d’Acadie, ont été expropriés puis déportés par leurs nouveaux administrateurs britanniques à cause de leur religion et de leur prétendue allégeance au Roi de France. Cependant, comment les Britanniques percevaient-ils ce peuple nouvellement colonisé et comment les Français ont-ils réagi à leur déportation ? Au cours de la période suivant leur déportation par les Britanniques en 1755, les Acadiens ont été recensés dans des actes de lois, des décrets mais aussi des articles de presse et des correspondances privées telles que celle du gouverneur de la colonie du Massachusetts Francis Bernard. Le rassemblement de ces traces révèle aujourd’hui les diverses perceptions politiques et sociales utilisées dans les sociétés du pourtour atlantique. Ainsi, qu’entendent les administrateurs à travers l’utilisation d’expressions telles que « Acadiens » ou « Français Neutres » ? Ces désignations nous éclairent aussi sur les attentes des administrateurs européens envers un peuple administré une première fois par les Français puis déporté par les Britanniques. Étaient-ils pour ces deux empires des prisonniers de guerre à confiner, une main-d’œuvre immigrée ou de nouveaux sujets de droit ? Cet article répond à ces questions, dévoilant les perceptions des différentes administrations britanniques et françaises à l’égard des déportés acadiens au milieu du XVIII e  siècle.
La diffusion des contestations féministes au sein de la Ligue communiste révolutionnaire : émergence et développement du « travail femme » à Toulouse durant les années 1970
Authors: Zeller Justine
Published: March 2018

Au cours des années 1970, la Ligue communiste révolutionnaire (LCR) est bouleversée par les contestations de la « seconde vague » féministe. Ses militantes et militants s’investissent dans le « travail femme » de l’organisation aux échelles nationale et locale. Ils et elles participent aux luttes pour l’avortement et la contraception libres et gratuits ; puis ses militantes construisent un mouvement unitaire « lutte des classes » au sein du mouvement féministe autonome et non-mixte. Mais du fait de leur double appartenance, certaines d’entre elles contestent les structures et modes de fonctionnement de la LCR contribuant de ce fait à la « déconstruction des processus de domination masculine » présents au sein même de leur organisation. L’analyse des rapports de la LCR au féminisme s’étant principalement construite au niveau national, s’appuyer sur l’exemple toulousain permet de faire jouer le « jeu des échelles » afin d’effectuer des comparaisons entre les espaces de contestation.
Le corps ennemi
Authors: Mathieu Séverine
Published: March 2018

Il s'agit d'un entretien réalisé avec une jeune femme contaminée par le virus du sida. Ses propos semblent montrer que les atteintes de son corps sont pour elle comme un signe de désintégration sociale, au-delà d'une atteinte corporelle. Pour une femme ayant les propriétés de Catherine, un corps malade est synonyme de « mort sociale ». Mais surtout, la « rupture biographique » induite par le VIH la renvoie à une identité qu'elle a toujours tenté de renier au long de son ascension sociale. Elle a le sentiment que sa maladie la replace dans une sorte de « fatalisme biographique », celui d'une précarité induite par la maladie.
Faire lire Surveiller et punir ?
Authors: Fadat Michel
Published: March 2018

Comment, vingt ans après, les éducateurs stagiaires de la Protection Judiciaire de la Jeunesse lisent-ils Surveiller et punir au cours de leur formation ? Faut-il leur fournir une version ad usum delphini  ? Un texte suffisamment expurgé pour pouvoir arriver à bout sans encombres ? La question de l'accessibilité au texte de Foucault, aujourd'hui, ne se pose peut-être pas qu'aux éducateurs -fussent-ils en formation. Nous y sommes confrontés chacun à des titres divers.
Un « grand livre »
Authors: Lévy René , Zander Hartwig
Published: March 2018

Les travaux préparatoires à l'édition française de Punishment and social Structure ont révélé que cet ouvrage, paru en 1939 aux États-Unis, était destiné à deux types de publics : le public savant des États-Unis et les membres de l'École de Francfort en exil. L'auteur de Surveiller et punir, sans connaître les méandres de la confection de ce « grand livre », selon son expression, retrouve la problématique des « mécanismes punitifs » et de « l'économie politique des corps », telle que l'avait conçue Rusche en 1933 et qui avait été gommée par Kirchheimer.
Figurer l'enfermement
Authors: Chauvaud Frédéric
Published: March 2018

À la Belle Époque, les figurations de l'enfermement connaissent un essor important, dû à l'image satirique. L'Assiette au Beurre, tribune et atelier, joue un rôle essentiel dans la mutation des images carcérales. Le pinceau et le crayon dénoncent toutes les formes d'internement, abordant aussi bien les conditions de vie des aliénés que l'enfance délinquante et emprisonnée. La variété des thèmes traités par les vignettes nécessitent un recensement puis une analyse. Toutefois, il faut également s'interroger sur les logiques et les enjeux des représentations iconographiques.
Le silence des peines
Authors: Fatela Joao
Published: March 2018

Ce texte est consacré à la mise en place du système pénitentiaire au Portugal. Ce système, créé par la loi du 1er juillet 1867, abolit également la peine de mort pour les crimes de Droit commun. S'il a consolidé le rôle de la prison, il a également renforcé celui de la relégation.
Michel Foucault et le champ carcéral
Authors: Casadamont Guy
Published: March 2018

On sait l'onde de choc produite par la publication, en 1975, de Surveiller et punir, de Michel Foucault, au point d'ouvrir la recherche historienne pour les années Quatre-vingt. On sait aussi le « jeu » de Michel Foucault autour des prisons et ses prises de position, les unes connues, les autres moins. « Jeu » susceptible de retournements, voire d'inversions. Mais toujours stimulant. Faire déchoir la prison de son statut d'évidence en est peut-être la pointe.
L'attaque nocturne
Authors: Kalifa Dominique
Published: March 2018

Figure extrême de la violence et de la dangerosité urbaine, l'attaque nocturne se hisse entre 1880 et 1914 au cœur d'un système de représentations multiforme et prolixe. Sur représentée et rapidement codifiée, elle s'impose comme un motif insistant de la conscience sociale. S'il relève pour une partie d'un imaginaire « primitif », où la nuit tient une part décisive, et témoigne également du besoin d'objectiver ses frayeurs, le stéréotype qui se fixe alors est aussi aux sources de discours (la rhétorique sécuritaire) et de pratiques, notammment policières et privées, propres à la modernité urbaine.
Nocturne Viscontien
Authors: Liandrat-Guigues Suzanne
Published: March 2018

Les Nuits blanches (1957) et Rocco et ses frères (1960) sont apparemment des films de Visconti si dissemblables que la critique les a généralement opposés. On a déploré dans le premier l'abandon de la veine néo-réaliste dont on a salué le retour dans le second. Paradoxalement, l'image de la nuit qu'ils proposent est ce qui les rapproche puisque l'un développe ce que l'autre relègue dans ses marges. Une surprenante osmose s'établit : à la violence des nuits de Milan, accompagnées de viol et de meurtre, s'unissent les canaux embrumés et le décor artificiel des flâneries nocturnes des Nuits blanches.
« Le soir on ne restait pas chez soi »
Authors: Meca Pedro
Published: March 2018

Au long de cet entretien, Pedro Meca, le fondateur des Compagnons de la nuit, se souvient de ses longues soirées d'enfant pauvre. Il détaille aussi les heures que les SDF viennent passer, chaque nuit, dans son local de La Moquette.
La nuit du chat
Authors: Lallement Michel
Published: March 2018

Depuis les années Quatre-vingts, l'invention de nouveaux rythmes sociaux se traduit par des débordements croissants des activités productives sur des marges temporelles habituellement réservées au hors travail. La nuit ne fait pas exception. Le présent article restitue les moments marquants d'une nuit de travail d'un infirmier d'un grand hôpital parisien. Pour cet agent hospitalier qui ne peut, au mieux, dans les moments de calme, que dormir du sommeil du chat, la nuit mêle indissociablement solitude et solidarité, incertitudes et débrouillardise.
Paternalisme et réformisme
Authors: Bourreau René
Published: March 2018

Cet article se propose de montrer à quel point les questionnements de deux classiques de la sociologie, Frédéric Le Play et Émile Durkheim, sont actuels. La contemporanéité de ces auteurs semble, paradoxalement, due à la distanciation réflexive qu'ils ont su prendre vis-à-vis de leur propre actualité. Ainsi ont-ils pu éviter de restreindre la question sociale à la question ouvrière.
L'effritement de la condition salariale
Authors: Castel Robert
Published: March 2018

La crise que nous connaissons depuis les années Soixante-dix est, avant tout, une crise de la régulation salariale, une remise en cause de la stabilité qui s'était attachée à la condition salariale. La société salariale avait réussi à articuler travail et protection, travail et sécurité relative. Depuis une vingtaine d'années, ce mode de régulation est remis en cause, le travail tendant à être de nouveau traité comme une marchandise. Car au fur et à mesure que le marché s'internationalise, que la concurrence augmente, le travail devient la cible principale d'une politique de réduction des coûts, notamment du prix de la force de travail. Ceci se traduit par un processus d'individualisation de la condition salariale aux effets ambivalents dont l'un est celui de la désaffiliation par rapport au marché du travail. Il est nécessaire de renforcer l'articulation de l'économique et du social, en tenant compte des transformations technologiques et économiques qui sont intervenues depuis vingt ans et qui ont déstabilisé la forme d'équilibre à laquelle était parvenue la condition salariale.
Quelle politique publique pour les « quartiers en difficulté » ?
Authors: Champagne Patrick
Published: March 2018

La concentration de la misère est au principe de difficultés spécifiques qui rendent impossible tout traitement social et s'opposent à une intervention efficace des services publics dans nombre de cités. C'est à ce processus et aux effets qu'il engendre sur les relations entre les habitants, les liens entre les générations au sein des familles, qu'est consacrée cette étude. Cette dernière serait incomplète si elle ne s'accompagnait pas d'une analyse des différentes formes de retrait de l'État, désengagement qui aboutit à une sorte de sentiment d'abandon partagé par tous.
Le lien social ne se décrète pas
Authors: Garcia Sandrine
Published: March 2018

Le projet de loi sur la cohésion sociale, dont le cheminement a été interrompu par les élections législatives anticipées, était révélateur d'une prétention politique à générer du lien social, indépendamment des logiques qui président à l'exclusion. Censée exprimée une prise en considération politique de la multiplication des inégalités. Cette loi témoigne tout aussi bien du renoncement de l'État à assumer un rôle politique, celui de régulateur des rapports de force entre les groupes sociaux, pour ne remplir qu'une mission de charité publique. Car les aspects centraux de la loi concernent tous des « missions » qui relèvent déjà du rôle de l'État : droit au logement, à l'éducation, à la santé, etc. Qu'ils relèvent d'une loi particulière révèle les effets de la coupure entre « la main droite » et la « main gauche » de l'État. Celui-ci n'hésite d'ailleurs pas à réprimer les acteurs qui tentent de prendre en charge collectivement leur destin social (DAL, « sans-papiers », etc.)
Mexican Patients with HIV Have a High Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Mata-Marín José Antonio , Arroyo-Anduiza Carla I. , Berrospe-Silva María de los Ángeles , Chaparro-Sánchez Alberto , Gil-Avila Ana , Gaytán-Martínez Jesús
Published: April 2018

Low bone mineral density (BMD) and fragility fractures are common in individuals infected with HIV, who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART). In high-income countries, dual energy X-ray absorptiometrry is typically used to evaluate osteopenia or osteoporosis in HIV infected individuals. However, this technology is unavailable in low and-middle income countries, so a different approach is needed. The aim of this study was to use X-ray scans of the spine to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for vertebral fractures in HIV-infected patients in a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico. We conducted a cross-sectional study of outpatients who were >40 years old and receiving ART at the Hospital de Infectología, La Raza National Medical Center in Mexico City, Mexico. We used semi-quantitative morphometric analysis of centrally digitized X-ray images to assess vertebral deformities in the spine. Anterior, middle and posterior vertebral heights were measured, and height ratios were calculated. For each vertebral body, fractures were graded on the basis of height ratio reductions, and a spine deformity index’ (SDI) value was calculated by summing the grades of the vertebral deformities: An SDI>1 was indicative of a vertebral fracture. We included 104 patients, 87% of whom were men. The median age was 49 years [interquartile range (IQR) 42-52]. Themost common stage of HIV infection, as defined by the Centers for Disease Control,was B2 in 40 (39%) of patients. Forty seven (45%) patients were on ART regimens that included protease inhibitors (PIs) and 100 (96%) being treated with tenofovir. The median time of ART was 6.5 years (IQR1.6-9.0). Of the 104 patients in our study, 83 (80%) had undetectable viral load, as assessed by HIV-1 RNA levels, 32 (31%) showed evidence of a previous fracture, 4 (4%) were co-infected with hepatitis C virus, and 57 (55%) had a history of corticosteroid treatment. The prevalence of vertebral fractures was 25%, 95% confidence interval 17-34%. We assessed whether gender, HCV co-infection, previous corticosteroid use, AIDS, total HIV viral load, and current and previous use of PIs were associated with fractures in our study group, but we did not observe a significant association between any of these factors and vertebral fractures. The prevalence of vertebral fractures was high among HIV-infected patients. We propose that screening for bone disease should be performed in HIV individuals who are at risk of fragility fractures. Furthermore, we suggest that X-ray based assessment of the spine should be considered in patients who are at increased risk of fragility fractures, irrespective of BMD levels, particularly in elderly patients in low and middle income countries.
An Infantile Alantoaxial Dislocation with Patent Foramen Ovale Managed with Titanium Cabling and Allogenic Bone Grafts
Authors: Richard Seidu A. , Lan Zhi Gang  , Yang Xiao , Huang Siqing
Published: April 2018

Atlantoaxial dislocation is a disorder that is characterized with loss of stability of the atlas and axis (C1-C2) with consequential loss of usual articulation. Although this condition is very common, no one has reported a case as young as our patients. We present a 7-month infant with bilateral paralysis of the lower limbs for four (4) months with no history of trauma. Computer tomographic (CT-scan) imaging revealed alantoaxial dislocation with severe cervical spinal cord compression. The odontoid process is displaced outwardly with no bone destruction. Doppler echocardiogram done revealed patent foramen ovale. Thorough physical examination as well as radiological evaluation revealed no feather malformations. Electrophysio - logical studies reveal normal compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) in all the limbs. Electromyography (EMG) also revealed normal nerves in the limbs and the trunk. We attained a stable fusion and anatomical reduction using a posterior titanium wire and an iliac bone graft harvested from his mother. This is the youngest patient reported in literature. Infantile alantoaxial dislocation should be managed at early stage to prevent long-term neurologic disorders.
Restructuring the Christian Fatherhood Model: A practical theological investigation into the ‘male problematic’ of father absence
Authors: Meyer Juanita
Published: April 2018

In South Africa, ideas around fatherhood, parenthood and family life are greatly shifting as people find themselves caught up between traditional and contemporary understandings of fatherhood and motherhood. Even though more than 70% of young South Africans stated in a national survey that parenthood is one of the top four defining features of adulthood, father absence is on the increase. Some in-depth literature study was conducted regarding South African research on fatherhood and father absence, and the role of both Christian churches and secular organisations in addressing some of these challenges brought on by rapidly growing figures of father absence. The article concludes with some suggestions on the development of a new paradigm in understanding fatherhood in South Africa, with special reference to the role of Christian churches in assisting men to construct a narrative around fatherhood, which will lead to satisfying relationships with their children, their partners and especially with God.
Laboratory Tests, Liver Vessels Color Doppler Sonography, and FibroScan Findings in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Observation Study
Authors: Alizadeh Ahmad , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Roozdar Ava , Joukar Farahnaz , Sepehrimanesh Masood , Hojati Seyedeh Amineh , Mansour-Ghanaei Alireza
Published: April 2018

Objective:

Determination of the amount of parenchymal damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is crucial to choose the best treatment and management.

Aim:

Here, the associations between laboratory data and severity of steatosis and fibrosis plus hepatic vessel Doppler indices in NAFLD patients were investigated.

Patients and Methods:

Fifty patients (20 males and 30 females) with NAFLD criteria were enrolled. Fatty liver was graded by sonography (SGFL) and FibroScan (FGFL). In addition, liver fibrosis was graded through FGLF. Damages to the portal, hepatic, and splenic veins were evaluated by color Doppler/dopplex. Serum liver enzymes and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also measured.

Results:

Significant association existed between SGFL and FGFL (P= 0.006). Portal vein pulsatility index (PI) and phasicity plus the triphasic and monophasic pattern of hepatic veins significantly associated with fatty liver grade evaluated by sonography. Splenic vein Peak systolic velocity and PI showed significant association with FGFL. Eventually, elevated liver enzymes and CRP significantly correlated with FGLF.

Conclusion:

We found that the severity of fatty liver is correlated with hepatic and portal veins damages; however, the degree of parenchymal fibrosis was independent to these indices and can be directly evaluated by FGFL. In addition, elevated liver enzymes and CRP correlated with the degree of fibrosis.
Hospitalized Bacteremic Melioidosis in Rural Thailand: 2009–2013
Authors: Jatapai Anchalee , Gregory Christopher J. , Thamthitiwat Somsak , Tanwisaid Kittisak , Bhengsri Saithip , Baggett Henry C. , Sangwichian Ornuma , Jorakate Possawat , MacArthur John R.
Published: April 2018

Melioidosis incidence and mortality have reportedly been increasing in endemic areas of Thailand, but little population-based data on culture-confirmed Burkholderia pseudomallei infections exist. We provide updated estimates of melioidosis bacteremia incidence and in-hospital mortality rate using integration of two population-based surveillance databases in Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, since automated blood culture became available in 2005. From 2009 to 2013, 564 hospitalized bacteremic melioidosis patients were identified. The annual incidence of bacteremic melioidosis ranged from 14 to 17 per 100,000 persons, and average population mortality rate was 2 per 100,000 persons per year. In-hospital mortality rate declined nonsignificantly from 15% (15/102) to 13% (15/118). Of 313 (56%) bacteremic melioidosis patients who met criteria for acute lower respiratory infection and were included in the hospital-based pneumonia surveillance system, 65% (202/313) had a chest radiograph performed within 48 hours of admission; 46% (92/202) showed radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Annual incidence of bacteremic melioidosis with pneumonia was 2.4 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence intervals; 1.9–2.9). In-hospital death was more likely among bacteremic melioidosis patients with pneumonia (34%; 20/59) compared with non-pneumonia patients (18%; 59/321) (P-value = 0.007). The overall mortality could have been as high as 46% (257/564) if patients with poor clinical condition at the time of discharge had died. The continued high incidence of bacteremic melioidosis, pneumonia, and deaths in an endemic area highlights the need for early diagnosis and treatment and additional interventions for the prevention and control for melioidosis.
Clinical and Neurophysiological Features of Leprosy Patients with Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Giesel Louise Mara , Pitta Izabela Jardim Rodrigues , da Silveira Raquel Custódio , Andrade Lígia Rocha , Vital Robson Teixeira , Nery José Augusto da Costa , Hacker Mariana de Andrea Vilas Boas , Sarno Euzenir Nunes , Rodrigues Marcia Maria Jardim
Published: April 2018

Neural pain is a frequent symptom in leprosy disease. There is a paucity of data regarding neural pain diagnostics resulting in common prescriptive errors when neuritis is confused with neuropathic or mixed nociceptive–neuropathic pain. The present study identified important demographic, clinical, and neurophysiological features of 42 leprosy neuropathy patients presenting neuropathic pain (NP). During routine evaluations, patients were selected asking if they had ever experienced neural pain. Data analyses of their pain characteristics, clinical examination results, and both the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questionnaire and Hamilton Depression Scale scores were used to classify these patients. The most common word they used to describe the sensation of pain for 25 (60%) of these patients was “burning.” In the early stages of the disease and before leprosy diagnosis, 19 (45%) had already complained about NP and leprosy treatment was unable to prevent its occurrence in 15 (36%). Leprosy reactions, considered NP risk factors, occurred in 32 (76%) cases. Knowledge of typical NP characteristics could be used to develop more effective therapeutic approaches for a notoriously difficult-to-treat pain condition.
Synthesis and DFT study of novel pyrazole, thiophene, 1,3-thiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Fahim Asmaa Mahmoud , Farag Ahmad Mahmoud , Shaaban Mohamed Rabie , Ragab Eman Ali
Published: March 2018

Regioselective facile synthesis of innovative heterocycles from the reaction of 2-cyano-N-cyclohexylacetamide (3) with hydrazonoyl chloride (4) in basic condition afforded amino pyrazole derivative 6. The behavior of acetamide 3 with phenylisothiocyanate in DMF/KOH surveyed by addition of the α-halo ketones to yeild the corresponding thiophene derivative 13a, 13b, 16, 18 and 1,3-thiazoles 21. Reaction of intermediate potassium salt 9 with hydrazonoyl chloride 22a-e furnished the corresponding 1,2,4-thiadiazoles 24a-e. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP and HF techniques combined with 6-31G(d) basis set to investigate the equilibrium geometry of the innovative compound pyrazoles 6 and the stability affording of HOMO/LUMO molecular orbitals.
A selective fluorescent sensor for Cu(II) ion in ethanol and acetone based on BODIPY
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Ming Zhu , Li Pengfei , He Yongwu , Bian Li
Published: March 2018

A selective fluorescent sensor for Cu(II) ion in ethanol and acetone based on boradiazaindacene (BODIPY) has been studied. The selectivity towards Cu(II) ion is good over Ag(I), Cd(II), Fe(III), Hg(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) ions, only Fe(III), Hg(II) and Ni(II) ions showed a slight interference. The solution showed strong fluorescence intensity after addition of triethanolamine, indicating that the Sensor 1-Cu(II) complex could be reversed by triethanolamine.
NO2 and HCHO measurements in Korea from 2012 to 2016 from Pandora Spectrometer Instruments compared with OMI retrievals and with aircraft measurements during the KORUS-AQ campaign
Authors: Herman Jay , Spinei Elena , Fried Alan , Kim Jhoon , Kim Jae , Kim Woogyung , Cede Alexander , Abuhassan Nader , Segal-Rozenhaimer Michal
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Nine Pandora Spectrometer Instruments (PSI) were installed at 8 sites in South Korea as part of the KORUS-AQ (Korea U.S.-Air Quality) field study integrating information from ground, aircraft, and satellite measurements for air-quality studies. The PSI made direct-sun measurements of total vertical column NO2, C(NO2), with high precision (0.05 DU, where 1 DU = 2.69 × 1016 molecules/cm2) and accuracy (0.1 DU) that were retrieved using spectral fitting techniques. Retrieval of Formaldehyde (HCHO) total column amounts were also obtained at five sites using the recently improved PSI. The retrievals have with high precision, but possibly lower accuracy than for NO2 because of uncertainty about the optimum spectral window for all ground-based and satellite instruments. PSI direct-sun retrieved values of C(NO2) and C(HCHO) are always significantly larger than OMI retrieved C(NO2) and C(HCHO) for the OMI overpass times (13.5 ± 0.5 hours). In urban areas, PSI C(NO2) averages are at least a factor of two larger than OMI averages. Similar differences are seen for C(HCHO) in Seoul and nearby surrounding areas. Late afternoon values of C(HCHO) measured by PSI are even larger, implying that OMI early afternoon measurements underestimate the effect of poor air quality on human health. The primary cause of the OMI underestimate is the large OMI field of view FOV that includes regions containing low values of pollutants. In relatively clean areas, PSI and OMI are more closely in agreement. C(HCHO) amounts were obtained for five sites, Yonsei University in Seoul, Olympic Park, Taehwa Mtn., Amnyeondo, and Yeoju. Of these the largest amounts of C(HCHO) were observed at Olympic Park and Taehwa Mountain, surrounded by significant amounts of vegetation. Comparisons of PSI C(HCHO) results were made with the Compact Atmospheric Multispecies Spectrometer CAMS during overflights on the DC-8 aircraft for Taehwa Mtn and Olympic Park. In all cases, PSI measured substantially more C(HCHO) than obtained from integrating the CAMS altitude profiles. PSI C(HCHO) at Yonsei University in Seoul frequently reached 0.6 DU and occasionally exceeded 1.5 DU. The semi-rural site, Mt. Taehwa, frequently reached 0.9 DU and occasionally exceeded 1.5 DU. Even at the cleanest site, Amnyeondo, HCHO occasionally exceeded 1 DU.
Ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 using airborne remote sensing at Mammoth Mountain, California
Authors: Cawse-Nicholson Kerry , Fisher Joshua B. , Famiglietti Caroline A. , Braverman Amy , Schwandner Florian M. , Lewicki Jennifer L. , Townsend Philip A. , Schimel David S. , Pavlick Ryan , Bormann Kathryn J. , Ferraz Antonio , Kang Emily L. , Ma Pulong , Bogue Robert R. , Youmans Thomas , Pieri David C.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. We present an exploratory study examining the use of airborne remote sensing observations to detect ecological responses to elevated CO2 emissions from active volcanic systems. To evaluate these ecosystem responses, existing spectroscopic, thermal, and lidar data acquired over forest ecosystems on Mammoth Mountain volcano, California, were exploited, along with in situ measurements of volcanic soil CO2 fluxes. The elevated CO2 response was used to statistically model ecosystem structure, composition and function, evaluated via data products including biomass, plant foliar traits and vegetation indices, and evapotranspiration (ET). Using regression ensemble models, we found that soil CO2 flux was a significant predictor for ecological variables, including Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NDVI), canopy nitrogen, ET, and biomass. Additionally, the relationships between ecological variables changed with increasingly elevated (volcanically influenced) over non-volcanic background soil CO2 fluxes, suggesting a shift in coupling/decoupling among ecosystem structure, composition, and function synergies. For example, ET and biomass were significantly correlated for areas without elevated CO2 flux, but decoupled with elevated CO2 flux. This study demonstrates that a) volcanic systems show great potential as a means to study the properties of ecosystems and their responses to elevated CO2 emissions and b) these ecosystem responses are measureable using a suite of airborne remotely sensed data.
Arctic warming induced by the Laurentide ice sheet topography
Authors: Liakka Johan , Lofverstrom Marcus
Published: April 2018

Abstract. It is well known that ice sheet-climate feedbacks are essential for realistically simulating the spatio-temporal evolution of continental ice sheet over glacial-interglacial cycles. However, many of these feedbacks are dependent on the ice sheet thickness, which is poorly constrained by proxy data records. For example, height estimates of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) topography at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~ 21,000 years ago) vary by more than 1 km between different ice-sheet reconstructions. In order to better constrain the LIS elevation it is therefore important to understand how the mean climate is influenced by elevation discrepancies of this magnitude. Here we use an atmospheric model coupled to a slab-ocean model to analyze the LGM surface temperature response to a broad range of LIS elevations (from 0 to over 4 km). We find that raising the LIS topography induces a widespread surface warming in the Arctic region, amounting to approximately 1.5 °C per km elevation increase, or about 6.5 °C for the highest LIS. The warming is attributed to an increased northward energy flux by atmospheric stationary waves, reinforced by surface albedo and water vapor feedbacks, which account for about two-thirds of the total temperature response. These results suggest a positive feedback between continental-scale ice sheets and the Arctic temperatures that may help constrain LIS elevation estimates for the LGM and explain differences in ice distribution between the LGM and earlier glacial periods.
Solar and volcanic forcing of North Atlantic climate inferred from a process-based reconstruction
Authors: Sjolte Jesper , Sturm Christophe , Adolphi Florian , Vinther Bo M. , Werner Martin , Lohmann Gerrit , Muscheler Raimund
Published: April 2018

Abstract. External forcings are known to impact atmospheric circulation. However, the analysis of the role of external forcings based on observational data is hampered due to the short observational period, and the sensitivity of atmospheric circulation to external forcings as well as persistence the effects are debated. A positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been observed the following winter after tropical volcanic eruptions. However, past major tropical eruptions exceeding the magnitude of eruptions during the instrumental era could have more lasting effects. Decadal NAO variability has been suggested to follow the 11-year solar cycle, and linkages has been made between grand solar minima and negative NAO. However, the solar link to NAO found by modeling studies is not unequivocally supported by reconstructions, and is not consistently present in observations for the 20th century. Here we present a reconstruction of atmospheric winter circulation for the North Atlantic region covering the period 1241–1970 CE. Based on seasonally resolved Greenland ice core records and a 1200-year long simulation with an isotope enabled climate model, we reconstruct sea level pressure and temperature by matching the spatio-temporal variability of the modeled isotopic composition to that of the ice cores. This method allows us to capture the primary and secondary modes of atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic region, while, contrary to previous reconstructions, preserving the amplitude of observed year-to-year atmospheric variability. Our results show 5 winters of positive NAO on average following major tropical volcanic eruptions, which is more persistent than previously suggested. In response to decadal minima of solar activity we find a high-pressure anomaly over Northern Europe, while a reinforced opposite response in pressure emerges with a 5-year time lag. On longer time scales we observe a similar response in circulation as for the 5-year time-lagged response. This is likely due to an increase in blocking frequency and an associated weakening of the subpolar gyre. The long-term response of temperature to solar minima shows cooling across Greenland, Iceland and Western Europe, resembling the cooling pattern during the Little Ice Age. While our results show a clear link between solar forcing and the secondary circulation patterns, we find no consistent relationship between solar forcing and NAO.
FerryBox Data in the North Sea from 2002 to 2005
Authors: Petersen Wilhelm , Reinke Susanne , Breitbach Gisbert , Petschatnikov Michail , Wehde Henning , Thomas Henrike
Published: April 2018

Abstract. From 2002 to 2005 a FerryBox system was installed aboard two different ferries travelling between Cuxhaven (GE) and Harwich (UK) on a daily basis. The FerryBox system is an automated flow-through monitoring system for measuring oceanographic and biogeochemical parameters installed on ships of opportunity. The variables were recorded in a time interval of 10–20 seconds corresponding to a spatial resolution of about 100 m. The dataset provides the parameters water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a fluorescence. There is a longer data gap between November 2002 and August 2003 in the time series due to a change of the vessel in October 2002. The data are available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.883824 and as part of the COSYNA data portal CODM at http://codm.hzg.de/codm or doi:10.17616/R3K02T.
A large sample analysis of seasonal river flow correlation and its physical drivers
Authors: Iliopoulou Theano , Aguilar Cristina , Arheimer Berit , Bermúdez María , Bezak Nejc , Ficchì Andrea , Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Parajka Juraj , Polo María José , Thirel Guillaume , Montanari Alberto
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The geophysical and hydrological processes governing river flow formation exhibit persistence at several timescales, which may manifest itself with the presence of positive seasonal correlation of streamflow at several different time lags. We investigate here how persistence propagates along subsequent seasons and affects low and high flows. We define the High Flow Season (HFS) and the Low Flow Season (LFS) as the three-month and the one-month periods which usually exhibit the higher and lower river flows, respectively. A dataset of 224 European rivers spanning more than 50 years of daily flow data is exploited. We compute the lagged seasonal correlation between selected river flow signatures, in HFS and LFS, and the average river flow in the antecedent months. Signatures are peak and average river flow for HFS and LFS, respectively. We investigate the links between seasonal streamflow correlation and various physiographic catchment characteristics and hydro-climatic properties. We find persistence to be more intense for LFS signatures than HFS. To exploit the seasonal correlation in flood frequency estimation, we fit a bivariate Meta-Gaussian probability distribution to peak HFS flow and average pre-HFS flow in order to condition the peak flow distribution in the HFS upon river flow observations in the previous months. The benefit of the suggested methodology is demonstrated by updating the flood frequency distribution one season in advance in real-world cases. Our findings suggest that there is a traceable physical basis for river memory which in turn can be statistically assimilated into flood frequency estimation to reduce uncertainty and improve predictions for technical purposes.
Seasonal mass variations show timing and magnitude of meltwater
storage in the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Ran Jiangjun , Vizcaino Miren , Ditmar Pavel , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Moon Twila , Steger Christian R. , Enderlin Ellyn M. , Wouters Bert , Noël Brice , Reijmer Catharina H. , Klees Roland , Zhong Min
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is currently losing ice mass as the result of changes in the complex ice-climate interactions that have been driven by global climate change. In order to accurately predict future sea level rise, the mechanisms driving the observed mass loss must be better understood. Here, we combine data from the satellite gravimetry mission GRACE, surface mass balance (SMB) output of RACMO 2.3, and ice discharge estimates to analyze the mass budget of Greenland at various temporal and spatial scales. Firstly, in agreement with previous estimates, we find that the rate of mass loss from Greenland observed by GRACE was between −277 and −269 Gt/yr in 2003–2012. This estimate is consistent with the sum of individual contributions: surface mass balance (SMB, around 216 ± 122 Gt/yr) and ice discharge (520 ± 31 Gt/yr), indicating a good performance of the regional climate model. Secondly, we examine the average accelerations of mass anomalies in Greenland over 2003–2012, suggesting that the SMB (−23.3 ± 2.7 Gt/yr2) contributes 75 % to the total acceleration observed by GRACE. The remaining contributions to the mass loss acceleration for entire Greenland are statistically insignificant. Finally and most importantly, this study suggests the existence of a substantial meltwater storage during summer, with a peak value of 80–120 Gt in July. The robustness of this estimate is demonstrated by using both different GRACE-based solutions and different meltwater runoff estimates (namely, RACMO 2.3 and SNOWPACK). Meltwater storage in the ice sheet occurs primarily due to storage in the high-accumulation regions of the southeast (SE) and northwest (NW) parts of Greenland. Analysis of seasonal variations in outlet glacier discharge shows that the contribution of ice discharge to the observed signal is minor (at the level of only a few Gt) and does not explain the intra-annual differences between the total mass and SMB signals.
La coautoría en Ciencias Sociales como estrategia para la mejora visibilidad de los trabajos científicos : aumento en el número de citas (2005-2014)
Authors: Gómez-Crisóstomo Rocío , Caldera-Serrano Jorge , Romo-Fernández Luz María
Published: April 2018

Se analiza la coautoría en los trabajos presentes en la WoS en la categoría Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary publicados entre los años 2005 y 2014, con el fin de demostrar la hipótesis de que existe una correlación entre la coautoría y el aumento del número de citas. Para ello se ha analizado la coautoría tanto a nivel intrainstitucional, interinstucional, nacional e internacional. Se observa como existe un aumento en la citación de aquellos trabajos que tienen relaciones de autoría múltiple tanto a nivel intrarregional como internacional. El análisis y los resultados se han realizado sobre un total de 1.105 documentos pertinentes para nuestra consulta, la cual se basa en que al menos un autor de los trabajos sea de una institución española.
Modelos de Catastro en Honduras
Authors: Palma Herrera Jose Luis
Published: April 2018

El catastro en nuestro país es un tema abandonado por la academia nacional desde el ocaso del Catastro Nacional de Usos Múltiples o Multiusos, a tal punto que del Catastro solo son conocidos documentos como manuales y procedimientos fiscales (Impuesto de Bienes Inmuebles) y jurídicos (tenencia de la tierra) con lo cual se desaprovechan todos los otros catastros poco o nada conocidos. El objetivo de este estudio es exponer todos los catastros que se ejecutan en la República de Honduras. Para esto se aplicó como metodología, el estudio de documentación, entrevistas y recolección de información en entidades gubernamentales y municipales. Con los resultados del estudio se generó por primera vez un índice de catastros aplicados en Honduras. A la vez, muestra cómo se desaprovecha la mayoría de la información generada por estos catastros al estar dispersa debido a que los mismos no están unificados o interconectados a través de un Sistema de Administración de Tierras (LandAdministrationSystem) basado en una Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales (IDE) de ámbito nacional, capaz de mostrar y usar la data catastral temática en un solo lugar. Se espera que este artículo sea una base para estudios académicos más amplios sobre el catastro en nuestra región.
The Modified Electromagnetism and the Emergent Longitudinal Wave
Authors: Arbab A. I. , Al-Ajmi M.
Published: March 2018

The classical theory of electromagnetism has been revisited and the possibility of longitudinal photon wave is explored. It is shown that the emergence of longitudinal wave is a consequence of Lorenz gauge (condition) violation. Proca, Vlaenderen & Waser and Arbab theories are investigated. The different approaches are compared to each other and the relevant equations are combined. The telegrapher’s equation can be obtained and with a specific choice of the function a Klein-Gordon equation of massive scalar field can be obtained. When the Lorentz gauge is violated by introducing the first order time derivative the emergence of the photon mass and the relevant longitudinal wave for the electromagnetic wave is apparnt.
Morphological Indicators of the Facies of Biological Fluids in Patients with Liver Diseases
Authors: Botirov M.T.
Published: March 2018

The article discusses the results of morphometric studies of the solid phase serum of patients with liver disease. It is shown that the marker enzymes, minerals and proteins bioliquid facies (serum) obtained by dehydration wedge observed facies different zones.
Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Biology, Vol. 10, No. 2
Authors: Bai Liam
Published: March 2018

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Biology, Vol. 10, No. 2, 2018
Constituents and Anthelmintic Activity Evaluation of Albizia Adiantifolia (Schumach) W.F. Wright Essential Oils FromNigeria
Authors: Akande Akinsola , Aboaba Sherifat , Flamini Guido
Published: March 2018

Albizia adiantifolia (Schumach) W.F. Wright (Fabaceae) is a plant used traditionally in treating different health ailments which includes worm infections. The essential oils (EOs) were obtained by hydrodistillation in an all glass Clevenger apparatus, and characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). In vitro petri-dish anthelmintic activity was carried out using adult earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae. The leaves, stem bark and root bark EOs afforded a total of 40, 26 and 20 constituents representing 90.9%, 94.1% and 90.9% of the total oil fractions respectively. The classes of compounds identified in the leaves, stem bark and root bark are oxygenated monoterpenes (4.1%, 1.7% and 4.0% respectively), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (39.5%, 67.3% and 42.6% respectively), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (18.7%, 22.3% and 30.1% respectively), non-terpene derivatives (12.1%, 2.6% and 14.2% respectively) and apocarotenoids (16.5% and 0.2% in the leaves and stem-bark). β-caryophyllene (23.0%), E-geranylacetone (7.4%), acorenone (6.4%), viridiflorol (6.4%), α-zingiberene (6.3%) and ar-curcumene (4.6%) were the major constituents in the leaves oil, β-caryophyllene (39.3%), selin-11-en-4-α-ol (10.4%), α-zingiberene (9.6%), ar-curcumene (7.2%), caryophyllene oxide (6.4%) and α-humulene (5.6%) were the major constituents in the stem bark oil, while β-caryophyllene (32.1%), selin-11-en-4-α-ol (13.1%), caryophyllene oxide (8.4%), pentadecanal (6.1%) and α -humulene (4.4%) were the major constituents in the root bark oil. β -caryophyllene dominated the oils. The leaf EO was the most active against E. eugeniae worm. All the oils showed a relatively higher activity compared to Albendazole, in a concentration dependent manner. There was significant difference (p<0.001) in activity.