bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Students' Errors in Translating English Pronouns into Arabic
Authors: AL-Darraji Othman , Faraj Abdalraheem , Elorfi Hamida
Published: January 2024

This research explores the analysis of students' errors in translating English pronouns into Arabic. In order to examine students' translations, translation test, which consists of different sentences that have different pronouns types, as data for this study. Quantative and qualitative study is used in this study. Fifteen students from Semester VIII from the Faculty of Education, Benghazi University in the academic year 2020 undertake the test  to render some pronouns into Arabic.  The results showed that students face difficulty in the translation of pronouns into their mother tongue, Arabic. The findings also revealed that they had difficulty in translating relative pronouns with the percentage of 50%; followed by demonstrative 34%. The lowest percentage was interrogative and possessive pronouns.  It is revealed that in spite of that students have studies pronouns in their grammar courses at the faculty, yet most of them were not successful to render them properly.
Attitudes of students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports at the College of Arts and Sciences Al-Marj towards sports and cultural recreation.
Authors: Suleiman Ali , Hassan Wasim
Published: January 2024

Because recreation is important in filling the free time that leads to anxiety and stress, and to relieve the psychological pressures experienced by the individual in his daily life, we paid all of that to study sports and cultural recreation, and the researchers used the descriptive approach as it is best suited to presenting, discussing, interpreting and extracting the results of the research, where The research community consisted of 330 students from the Department of Physical Education and Sports at the College of Arts and Sciences El-Marj, and a random sample of them was selected at 35% and their number reached 115 students. , The researcher found that students are characterized positively towards the recreation sports and cultural, and their awareness of its importance, which reflected positively on research.
Obstacles to psychological from the point of view psychologistes
Authors: Al , Naji Khaled
Published: January 2024

The present study aimed to identify the most important obstacles of psychological practice practice that facing the psychologists working in social institution and education in the city of Al-Marj  by answering the question of study , which states the most important obstacles of psychological practice in psychologists working in social institutions and education ? The sample consisted of ( 70 ) psychologists from Al-Marj  city , and use the questionnaire of obstacles which is prepared by the researcher  and consists of (14) paragraph , which was able to achieve the objects of the study and answer the question of the study to verify the sincerity of the tool was presented to  a number(3).

arbitrators and the results resulted in the amendment of some paragraphs as extraction of self-truth was C value (86.) to extract the stability and then use the coefficient Koder Radicarson where the value of stability (75.), which is an acceptable stability coefficient, and after verifying the validity of the tool, after returning the forms from the study sample, the researcher unloaded on the statistical packages program for social sciences to be after Statistical data processing. In the analysis of data, the researcher relied on percentages, repetitions and relative weight. After the statistical treatment, the results showed that the constraint (the lack of means of work in a way that ensures the good functioning of psychological practice) came in first place by more than (70%) and came in second place with a disability Recognition of the importance of the work of the psychologist and non-cooperation with him (by 73%) and came in the third place impeded (working time for the psychologist is inappropriate) by (66%) and came in fourth place with a hindrance (assigning the psychologist to administrative work completely distant About their specialties and tasks) 65% came in fifth place with crippling (lack of recognition by officials of the importance of the work of specialist psychological and marginalize him professionally) and percentage (50%).
جدلية العلاقة بين اللغة والفكر أو المنطق
Authors: الفاخري مصيونة , العبيدي خميس
Published: January 2024

إن الإنسان باعتباره كائن حي يسعى بفطرته لاكتشاف العالم و إدراك محيطه الخارجي ليحصل له التكيف و الانسجام الأمثل فيه، عن طريق استخدامه لخاصيات تميزه عن الكائنات الأخرى، كالإحساس و الإدراك، الشعور، الذاكرة و الخيال، العادة و الإرادة، إضافة إلى اللغة و الفكر، وهما يمثلان وسيلة هامة تساعده على الاندماج في عالمه، وحول طبيعة العلاقة بين هاتين الوسيلتين شاع الاختلاف بين الفلاسفة و المفكرين وهذه المسألة بالذات تعتبر من أهم المسائل الفلسفية وأكثرها جدلا، فبالنسبة إلى المواقف التقليدية فأنها تنقسم إلى موقفين يقول الأول بأولوية الفكر على اللغة، أما الثاني فيؤكد على أسبقية اللغة على الفكر والقاسم المشترك بين هذين الموقفين الفصل التام بين اللغة والفكر لأنهما كيانين مستقلين ومختلفين.

يسعى هذا البحث إلى رصد أراء الفلاسفة وعلماء اللسانيات حول طبيعة العلاقة الموجودة بين اللغة والفكر، فمنهم من اعتبر العلاقة بينهما علاقة اتصال ومنهم من اعتبرها علاقة انفصال. والإشكال المطروح هنا هو ما العلاقة الحقيقية بين اللغة و الفكر؟ والى ماذا استند كل موقف في إثبات حججه وأدلته؟ والى أي مدى يمكن تهذيب التناقض الموجود بين الاتجاهين؟هل فعل التعبير (اللغة) لا يتناسب مع فعل التفكير؟ وهل فعلا اللغة عاجزة وقاصرة على الإحاطة بمعان التفكير ودلالاته؟

سنتبع منهج التحليل والنقد المقارن للآراء المختلفة حول هذه القضية الجدلية عند المحدثين والإسلاميين.للوصول لنتيجة توافقية مقبولة منطقيا.
الدلالات التقاربية بين مفهومي الديمقراطية والشورى
Authors: حافظ اشرف
Published: January 2024

أثيرت النقاشات الفكرية بصدد دلالتي الديمقراطية والشورى، وتنحصر إشكالية هذه الجدلية في تيارين، الأول: يرى أن الشورى تختلف شكلاً ومضموناً عن الديمقراطية سواءً من منظور المفهوم أو أسلوب التطبيق، أما التيار الثاني: فيرى أن  الشورى والديمقراطية اسمان مختلفان للمسمى أو المضمون نفسه، وكل من التيارين يحاول جاهداً إقصاء الآخر من خلال تحليل المفاهيم والأدلة المختلفة، فالأول يسير بمبدأ الأصالة ونفي الحداثة، والثاني ينتهج مسار العقلانية والواقعية.

لذا يستعرض هذا البحث الآراء المتابينة لكل تيار بمنهجية تحليلية موضوعية نقدية للوقوف على أقرب الآراء للمنطق والعقل بعيداً الأهواء والميول الذاتية، فيتطرق أولاً إلى مفهومي الشورى والديمقراطية،وثانياً رأي المتشبثين بالمفهوم التراثي الماضوي للشورى، وثالثاُ آراء التيار العقلاني من منظور النهج النقدي للتيار الأول عن طريق منهجية إعادة قراءة النص.
آليات تعليم القيم الاجتماعية لدى معلمة رياض الأطفال "دراسة استقرائية استنباطية"
Authors: محمود فتوح
Published: January 2024

استهدفت الدراسة الحالية استقراء طرق تعليم القيم التربوية، ومن ثم استنباط آليتين لتعليم القيم الإجتماعية من خلال معلمة رياض الأطفال، وتم السير فى الدراسة وفق التكامل المنهجى الفلسفى التحليلى الذى يقتضى تحديد المعارف السابقة، وانتقادها في ضوء المشكلة المطروحة، وهو يستهدف الوصول إلى عناصر الموقف المركب الجديد، وتوصلت الدراسة لاستنباط آليتين فاعلتين لتعليم القيم الاجتماعية لأطفال مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة تتبعهما معلمة رياض الأطفال وهما آلية التهيئة " بمعنى التخلص من الحرمان العاطفى" أى تفريغ ذهن الأطفال من القيم السلبية التى اكتسبوها خلال المعاملة الوالدية السيئة فى المنزل، ثم تتبع المعلمة الآلية المضادة وهى تعليم القيم الاجتماعية كبر الوالدين والتكافل الاجتماعي والإحسان للجيران، بعملية تقليد الأطفال الإيجابي لمعلمتهم ولوالديهم في الروضة والمنزل شرط اقترانهما يبعضهما البعض.
Film Etkinlikleriyle Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretimi
Authors: Yılmaz Fatih
Published: January 2024

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Audit Delay Analysis Based on Audit Effort, Earning Per Share and Audit Opinions Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amyar Firdaus , Nahrowi Abdul Fatah
Published: January 2024

The audit process is complex and requires a lot of resources causing audit delays resulting in delays in submitting financial reports. The COVID-19 pandemic adds challenges to the audit process. This research aims to determine the effect of audit effort, earnings per share, and audit opinion on audit delay with financial distress as a moderating variable. This research method uses secondary data with a quantitative approach where the sample selected in this research uses a purposive sampling technique. The population of mining sector companies registered on the IDX was 43 companies which were then eliminated to become 25 companies with a research period of 4 years, so there were 100 samples. The testing of data and hypotheses is separated between conditions before the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2019) and conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). The research results show that audit efforts had a negative and significant impact on audit delays before the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, audit efforts have a positive impact on audit delays during the pandemic. Earnings per share had a negative impact on audit delays before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Audit opinion has no effect on audit delays before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Financial tensions moderated the influence of audit effort on audit delays before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, but financial tensions during the pandemic were unable to moderate the influence of audit effort on audit delays.
K12 Beceriler Çerçevesi: Türkiye Bütüncül Modeli Bağlamında Türkçe Alan Becerileri
Authors: POLAT Yusuf , DENİZ Kemalettin , KURTUL Kamil
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı K12 Beceriler Çerçevesi: Türkiye Bütüncül Modeli kapsamında Türkçe alan becerilerini betimlemektir. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak ulusal ve uluslararası metinlerden hareketle bilgi, beceri ve yetkinlik kavramları açıklanması, ikinci olarak ana dili becerisi, dil edinimi ve dil kullanımı kavramları çerçevesinde ana diline yönelik eğitim öğretim etkinliklerinin ilişkisinin özet niteliğinde ele alınmaktadır. Ardından, K12 Beceriler Çerçevesi: Türkiye Bütüncül Modeli'nde yer alan Türkçe Alan Becerileri bölümünün tasarlanmasında izlenen yol, alımlama (dinleme, okuma) ve üretim (konuşma, yazma) düzlemindeki beceri betimleyicileri hakkında açıklayıcı bilgiler sunulmaktadır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada ayrıca Program for International Student Assesment (PISA), Avrupa Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (AYÇ) ve Diller İçin Avrupa Ortak Başvuru Metni (DİAOBM) gibi dilleri konu edinen beceri tabanlı uluslararası çalışmalarda benimsenen yaklaşımlar betimlenmektedir. Son olarak eğitim sistemlerinde beceri haritası ve ortak çerçeve uygulamasına yer veren Fransa ve Belçika örnekleri hakkında kısa bilgiye yer verilmektedir. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümü Türkçe alan becerilerinin alımlama (dinleme/izleme, okuma) ve üretim (konuşma, yazma) düzlemlerine ilişkin açıklamalara, dördüncü bölümü beceri temelli materyal tasarlama yaklaşımına, beşinci bölümü ise becerilerin izlenmesinde benimsenen ölçme değerlendirme yaklaşımına ayrılmıştır. Çalışmayla ilgili öneriler sonuç bölümünde ortaya konmaktadır.
The Ethno-Philosophical Context of Stative Verbs in the Germanic Languages
Authors: Shapochkina Olga , Kadubovska Svitlana , Kishchenko Nataliia , Hrom Oksana , Lazurenko Irina
Published: January 2024

The aim of the research is to study the ethno-philosophical context associated with the stative verbs in order to determine the ways in which it reproduces cultural features, identity, and ways of thinking. The research employed the method of corpus analysis, the method of linguistic analysis, and the method of comparative analysis of two lan-guages. It is important to note that the use of different verbs to express a state in Eng-lish and German can have an effect on the perception of time and duration of a state. For example, in English “to be” can indicate the duration of a state, while “sein” in German can be used to express a state at a specific moment in time. This may reflect differences in the perception of time and emphasis on the temporality or duration of a state in each language. The analysis found significant differences in the expression of states, which reflect the cultural features and specifics of each language. This study opens up prospects for further research on the impact of cultural context on linguistic structures and may have important applications in the practice of translation. Further research can focus on a more detailed study of the semantic and syntactic features of expressions of state in languages.
"Giordano Bruno. Lights from the Pyre" (1966) by the Philosopher Slavi Boyanov – a Literary Version of the Manuscript "Protection of the Human Person" Confiscated by the State Security (1953)
Authors: Ilieva Mihaela
Published: January 2024

The paper traces the migration of a philosopher in the literary field. The purpose of this text is to prove, through the method of mutual interpretation (parallel reading of works of fiction, documentary texts and historiographical narrative), that Slavi Bo-yanov's novel ‘Giordano Bruno’. is a literary compensation for his confiscated manu-script ‘Defense of the Human Person’ (1953), which was not published until 1997. The contribution of the study is that it illuminates another case of an intellectual's strained relationship with the authorities in power.
Public Opinion and Nature of Anti-Russian Movements in Georgia in the First Third of the 19th Century
Authors: Batsikadze Giorgi
Published: January 2024

Historical processes taking place in 19th century Georgia, which are still not appropriately known to the world community, were of great importance for Transcaucasia. The paper presents the nature of the social-political and anti-Russian movements in Georgia in the first third of the 19th century. The article discusses the main historical and political processes that reflect the public opinion on the given issue and its content. A conclusion is drawn based on the presented facts. The XIX century had a difficult start for Georgia. In the previous century, the country, extremely weakened by the wars with Persia and the Ottoman Empire, was trying to find an ally. The rulers of Georgian politics considered the strengthened Russian empire in the Caucasus as a political ally and tried to reinforce diplomatic relations with it and establish alliance. Using this situation, Russia, on the other hand, tirelessly tried to capture Transcaucasia with the least possible losses and well-calculated, smart diplomatic moves. The annexation of Georgia was followed by a chain of contradictory movements, based on which the analysis of public opinion and the nature of the liberation movement is presented.
First Steps to Change Names (Ribnovo, 1953)
Authors: Muratova Nurie
Published: January 2024

Passportization of the Pomak population in the village of Ribnovo in 1953 has a violent character particularly visible in two directions: the im-position of compulsory, Bulgarian ethnicity and restriction of the right to free religion.Changing the passports of the Pomaks was resisted because they opposed their enrollment as "Bulgarians" without mentioning their differ-ent region, and against the photographing of women. One of the first villages was Ribnovo, where resistance to the introduction of new per-sonal documents began. In the following years, this village became the center of the resistance against the communist authorities in their attempt to change the Turkish names of Pomaks (1964). The very act of passportization in the Pomaks can be seen as a prelude to the later change of their names to Bulgarian names.
The Use of Life-Threatening Force by the Police in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Bulgarian Experience
Authors: Vuchkov Veselin , Roychev Yanko
Published: January 2024

The standards deriving from the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms regarding the right to life in the context of the use of life-threatening force by the police are analysed. During the last three decades the Euro-pean Court of Human Rights has formulated and further developed a significant num-ber of requirements both for the general compliance of Member States’ domestic legis-lation with the Convention, and for the conduct of State authorities in terms of plan-ning and realisation of police operations, and investigating into cases of death caused by the police. The current study examines these requirements in detail, and establishes that, in addition to the ones referring to the legislative framework, there are also such of a forensic, institutional and organizational nature. Particular empha-sis is placed on the criteria that the investigation must fulfil in order to be effective. The essence and content of the circumstances provided for in Art. 2, para. 2 of the Convention, under which the use of lethal force is absolutely necessary and, therefore, permissible, are discussed. Relevant aspects of the Bulgarian legislative and institu-tional experience in the process of achieving compliance with the outlined require-ments have been reviewed.
Love is All Around – Response to The Last Knit
Authors: Song Xiaojing
Published: January 2024

This video clip, which showcased how persistent, or extreme, the protagonist lady is, left a deep impression on me. It left me pondering the reasons behind her attitude, and one of the most plausible explanations that I was able to think of is that she is a brave mother, who is willing to spare her life for her child to have a warm scarf. Granted, she is desperate. However, I would rather call her “brave” and I believe that happiness and love filled her heart while she was knitting.
Communication Strategies and Acceptance of Political Candidates in Nigeria
Authors: Adu Ajibola O. Peter , Daisi Simeon A. , Alaba Ajiboye Folasade
Published: January 2024

This study examined communication strategies and acceptance of political candidates in Nigeria. The specific objectives are: to determine the effect of personal selling on acceptance of political candidates, to find out the effect of personality promotion on acceptance of political candidates, to examine the effect of social media on acceptance of political candidates, and to investigate the effect of public relation on acceptance of political candidates in Nigeria. The study employed survey method in which the data required for the study were generated through questionnaire. The population comprised of voters who are resident in Ekiti State. Cochram formula was used to determine a sample of 370. The returned questionnaire were analyzed using chi-square. The findings indicate that; communication strategies adopted by Ekiti State political candidates were assessed to be persuasive in content, the personality promotion strategies used has helped in modifying and strengthening the views, and beliefs of the people towards them. The study therefore recommended that Political Processes should be effectively handled by adopting ethical oriented political marketing strategies rather than being unethical in the ways and manners political campaign are conducted.
A Study of the Use of Computer –Mediated Language Learning on Oral English Pedagogy in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Aremu Moses Adebayo
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the use of Use of Computer –Mediated Language Learning in Oral English Pedagogy in Oyo State, Nigeria through the theoretical foci of Herring’s (2011) Computer- mediated Language Teaching and Nelson’s (2011) Intelligibility in ESL in World Englishes. Questionnaires were administered among 300 students and 30 teachers from 15 purposively sampled secondary schools from 5 geo-political zones of Oyo State. Respondents were gathered through stratified-random sampling technique. Method of data analysis was through simple percentage statistical tool. The findings revealed that there was scarcity of digital gadgets to teach Oral English in Oyo State secondary schools, pedagogy of Oral English is done through improvisation in Oyo State, the pedagogy of the English language in Oyo State schools occurs in an unconducive environment, and the use of digital tools in teaching oral and other aspects of English is bedeviled by epileptic power supply. It was recommended that government, philanthropist and non-governmental organizations should team up to equip Oyo State secondary schools with automated gadgets to teach Oral English in Oyo State secondary schools so as not only to make learners speak English that is mutually acceptable among Nigerians and internationally intelligible, but also to develop learners’ performance in English in external examinations.
Challenges and Predicaments in Teaching “English for Science” in an ESP Classroom: A Research Study to Pinpoint Problems and Solutions
Authors: Sarifa Najmus , Jabeen Rakhshinda
Published: January 2024

The age-old methods of English Language Teaching (ELT) have been taken over by new approaches of language teaching which quest for relevance and reality in a language. This quest and the demand for novel trends give rise to the English for Specific Purpose (ESP). ESP is an approach to delivering content knowledge and equipping the learners to perform effectively in a target situation. This study aims to investigate the challenges and the obstacles in the English for Science classroom at King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This paper explains the historical overview of ESP and suitable methods of teaching ESP courses. A quantitative research methodology has been applied to obtain data from 20 English language teachers who have been teaching English for Science for the past five years or more on different Science campuses at KKU. The detailed analysis of the data reveals that there are numerous crises and issues faced by the ESP teachers. The most common of them is motivation on the part of the students, constructive prerequisite courses, lack of learning skills, and an interactive classroom. The researchers have explored these challenges in detail and finally suggested some guidelines to overcome the crises.
Problemas de Evacuación de Aguas en los Barrios
Authors: Cuellar Alberte Federico
Published: January 2024

En el tema de la opinión del vecino sobre el principal problema del barrio, se explica la falta de alcantarillado sanitario mediante un conjunto de variables que incluye el monto cancelado por el servicios  y el ingreso familiar, lo mismo que la forma de evacuación de aguas servidas.  En el tema de la forma de evacuación de las aguas servidas, se explica la utilización de la cámara séptica o del pozo ciego o letrina, mediante un conjunto de variables que incluye la ubicación de la vivienda donde habita la familia, ciertas variables que caracterizan el patrimonio de la familia tales como el nivel de ingreso o la disponibilidad de ciertos activos como el teléfono o televisor, las opiniones con respecto a los principales problemas del vecindario, y finalmente, el grado de hacinamiento que presenta la vivienda, lo mismo que el número de personas que constituyen la familia.  Para el efecto, se levanta una base de datos a partir de la aplicación de encuestas a igual número de familias asentadas en la zona sur del municipio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra.  Se utiliza técnicas avanzadas de la estadística matemática, especificando tres modelos de respuesta cualitativa cuyos coeficientes son identificados mediante la técnica de la máxima verosimilitud.  Los resultados encontrados son de gran utilidad para la conformación de criterios sobre las pautas de comportamiento y la identificación de las prioridades manifestadas por los vecinos para el mejoramiento de los sistemas de evacuación.
Factores Sociobiológicos Culturales y Satisfacción del Cuidado de Enfermería del Paciente de un Hospital ESSALUD II Tarapoto
Authors: Cornejo Quispe Julia , Rodríguez Argomedo Marcela Liduvina
Published: January 2024

En la presente investigación titulada “Factores sociobiológicos culturales y satisfacción del cuidado de enfermería del paciente de un hospital ESSALUD II Tarapoto”; se dispuso como objetivo general determinar la relación entre los factores sociobiológicos y culturales y la satisfacción del cuidado de enfermería del paciente de un Hospital Essalud II Tarapoto. El estudio se tipificó como aplicado, se rigió bajo un diseño no experimental, se ubicó en un nivel correlacional y tuvo un corte transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 348 pacientes que acuden al servicio asistencial y, como instrumentos, se emplearon cuestionarios y fueron una ficha de factores sociobiológicos y culturales; y el Cuestionario Care Q (Caring Assessment Instrument) de Larson, siendo validado y declarado como confiable. Los resultados señalaron que no todos los factores evaluados estuvieron asociados significativamente con la satisfacción; cumpliendo con tal interpretación todos los factores biológicos y todos los factores culturales; así como también algunos factores sociales como la ocupación y el estrato socioeconómico (p<.05). Por otro lado, en consonancia con lo expuesto, debido a que no todos los factores sociobiológicos y culturales se relacionaron significativamente con la satisfacción relativa al abordaje otorgado por el personal de enfermería; en consecuencia, no se procedió con la validación de la hipótesis general.
Industrial Policy of «Bidenomics» During the Period of Changing Technological and World Economic Orders
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Tolkachev S.A.
Published: January 2024

The article considers the modern industrial vector of American economic policy. The course of economic policy formed by the end of J. Biden’s presidency – “bidenomics” – on the one hand, demonstrates a departure from the neoliberal course pursued in the last 40 years, and on the other hand, in terms of industrial policy, represents the development of the economic agenda introduced by the previous president D. Trump. His efforts in the area of domestic market protection and reshoring have had a partial positive effect, mainly in medium technology industries. The main programs of bidenomics aimed at reindustrialization are reviewed. The specific achievements of bidenomics in the economy as a whole, in the social sphere and in the field of industrial policy are analyzed. On the example of the solar energy industry, which belongs to the sixth technological mode, the main aspects of the fierce competition between the United States and China in the global markets of high-tech products are shown. In conclusion, a reasonable assumption is put forward about the achievement by the financial-industrial and intellectual elites of the USA of a relative consensus (“Tramp-Biden’s combine” of industrial policy) on the issue of radical change of the neoliberal paradigm of social development, which existed for more than 40 years.
Passive and Active Techniques for Cooling Photovoltaic Cell using PCM: An Investigation of Recent Advances
Authors: Mohammed J. Mohammed  , Wissam Hashim Khalil  , Anas Bouguecha  , Mohamed Haddar
Published: January 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of many renewable energy sources, which converts solar energy directly received into electricity. In recent years, PV has advanced quickly as researchers try to make it more effective. 80% of the solar radiation that hits PV cells is absorbed, but only 12–18% of that energy is converted into electricity, with a maximum conversion rate of 24%. This indicates that a significant amount of sunlight is lost irretrievably. when a significant portion of the solar energy that is absorbed but not used by the photovoltaic process is converted to heat, which causes PV cells' operating temperature to increase above their design temperature, Consequently, the cell's effectiveness declines as a result of this increase. The crystalline silicon-based PV cells’ efficiency drops by 0.5% for each Celsius increase in temperature of operating. When operating temperature of cell exceeds design temperature, open-circuit voltage decreases significantly while the closed-circuit current slightly increases. Research has shown that PCMs can be applied in a variety of ways to enhance performance of PV cells, including as a coating applied directly onto the surface of the modules, as a heat exchanger in contact with module's back, or as an integrated component within the module itself. One recent advancement in the area of PCM-based cooling of PV modules is the development of hybrid cooling systems that combine PCMs with other cooling methods, such as air or water cooling. These hybrid systems have been shown to significantly improve the temperature stability and efficiency of PV modules compared to single PCM-based systems. PCMs have unique thermal properties that make them suitable for use in cooling systems because they can store and release thermal energy when phase transitions occur due to their high latent heat capacities. Recommendations for the use of phase change materials in Photovoltaic cooling, continue to research and develop new phase change material-based cooling systems that are more stable, have higher thermal conductivity and are effective in a wider range of temperatures.
Investigating the Turbulent Flow around Semi-Circular Cylinder
Authors: Tahseen Ali Jabbar  , Rafi Mohammed Qasim  , Safaa Hameed Faisal  , Bassam Abdullah Mohammed
Published: January 2024

The Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used to study the flow patterns around a semi-circular cylinder surrounded by water in two dimensions with various angles of strike owing to rotating the cylinder by an angle. The rotation angle ranges from zero to 360° and the ANSYS Fluent software is employed to implement the required simulation. The Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used to determine the flow velocity vector, velocity contours, and pressure contours. Moreover, this turbulent model is used to calculate three different non-dimensional parameters, the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, and skin friction factors. Two different Reynolds numbers (Re) are adopted in the calculation of the three non-dimensional parameters with various values for the angle of the cylinder rotation. Here, the semi-circular cylinder is considered stationary but it is placed in a water domain in various positions. Due to the scarcity in information about using the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model as compared with other models, which are widely used to investigate the flow around the cylinder, three turbulent models are employed to verify the results obtained by the Spalart-Allmaras model, these models are (standard), (RNG), and (Realizable). Results show an excellent agreement between the four turbulent models compared, where there is no significant variation in the obtained results, all results are very similar.
The Effect of Blended Palm Oil Biodiesel Droplet Properties on Evaporation Characteristics
Authors: Favian Jikol  , Mohd Zaid Akop  , Yusmady Mohamed Ariifin  , Mohd Azli Salim  , Safarudin Gazali Herawan
Published: January 2024

The evaporation characteristics of a single fuel droplet of diesel fuel (DF) and the Malaysian palm oil biodiesel-diesel blend (B10-B50) were studied experimentally. The fuel droplet properties consisted of different ratios of palm oil biodiesel mixtures which could influence the droplet behaviour when impinged on the heated surface. By employing the hot surface deposition test (HSDT) method, the droplets impinging on the heated surface of an aluminum alloy plate were observed to evaluate the droplet's evaporation characteristics including the evaporation lifetime and maximum evaporation point (MEP) of the tested fuels. Furthermore, the deposit’s surface temperature for dry condition (timp=7 seconds) and wet condition (timp=3 seconds) test were also measured during the deposition test. Finally, the deposit development on the heated surface was evaluated through a logarithmic expression of MR/mD = αNDβ. The results showed that the evaporation lifetime of each test fuel decreased with increasing hot plate surface temperature. Furthermore, the MEP was the highest for B30 (380°C), followed by B20 and B40 (375°C), B10 and B50 (365°C), and DF (360°C). In the dry condition test, the recorded average minimum and maximum deposit surface temperatures were observed to be within the range of Td=295°C to Td=325°C for DF and Td=290°C to Td=350°C for B10-B50 fuels. On the other hand, for the wet condition test, the recorded average minimum deposit surface temperatures for both DF and B10-B50 fuels were consistently lower than the hot plate temperature. DF exhibited the most variation, ranging from Td=200°C to Td=300°C, whereas, for B10-B50, the recorded deposit surface temperature was only ranging from Td=150°C to Td=200°C.
The Concept of Merdeka Curriculum Implementation: Realizing Humanistic Islamic Education Learning
Authors: Sirait Azyana Alda , Basri Hasan , Ab Rahman Zaizul
Published: January 2024

The Merdeka curriculum, an innovative approach in the world of education, has become the main focus in efforts to realize more humanistic Islamic religious education learning. This research aims to determine the concept of implementing the Merdeka curriculum in the context of Islamic religious education learning and to determine the character and implications of the Merdeka curriculum in humanistic Islamic religious education learning for students. The research method used in this research is library research. Library research is a type of research where the data or material needed for research is obtained from sources in the library, such as books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, magazines, and so on. The results of the research show that the concept of implementing an Merdeka curriculum for humanistic Islamic religious education learning includes: human values, empathy, student-centered concern. The characteristics of humanistic Islamic religious education learning in the Merdeka curriculum include: individual orientation, social interaction, active learning, character development, flexibility in learning, and holistic evaluation. Meanwhile, the implications of Merdeka curriculum learning in humanistic Islamic religious education learning include: more interesting learning, stronger character development, critical and creative thinking skills, healthy social interaction, development of problem  solving abilities, respect for diversity, independence in learning and relevance religion in everyday life. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the concept of an Merdeka curriculum, students' understanding of the teachings of Islam is deepened with an emphasis on human values, empathy and social care. In addition, students will conduct humanistic learning to develop better character, including the ability to empathize and deeper social understanding so that the realization of students who are ethical and care about society.
PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN PENGOLAHAN ANEKA KUE BERBAHAN PANGAN LABU KUNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Muflikah Binti , Bimo Djoko Sri , Nurmawati  , Kadarwati Sri , Dartani Maria Yustina Rensi , Lestariningsih Enny Dwi
Published: January 2024

Kelurahan Sidorejo Lor merupakan daerah penghasil labu kuning terbanyak di Salatiga.  Meskipun daerah tersebut memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah, namun warga masyarakat tidak memiliki pengetahuan dalam mengolah dan memanfaatkan keunggulan itu secara maksimal dengan cara optimalisasi dan inovasi olahan produk. Terkait hal demikian itu, maka perlu adanya sebuah pelatihan dan bimbingan untuk meningkatkan nilai jual tinggi pada produk tersebut sehingga mampu bersaing di pasar. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan optimalisasi olahan produk berbahan dasar labu kuning kepada mitra warga kelompok ibu-ibu PKK RW X Kelurahan. Sidorejo Lor, Salatiga agar mitra lebih produktif dan mampu memanfaatkan bahan-bahan yang ada di sekitar mereka. Kegiatan ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan partisipatif atau Participatory Action Research (PAR) dengan melibatkan kelompok masyarakat. PAR dilaksanakan secara parsipatif dalam kelompok masyarakat bertujuan mendapatkan pengetahuan praktis untuk perubahan hidup yang lebih baik. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah produksi makanan olahan berbahan dasar labu kuning. Dari evaluasi kemampuan yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan mitra dalam mengoptimalkan sumber daya alam yang melimpah menjadi sebuah inovasi produk. Respon masyarakat terhadap pelatihan keterampilan pengolahan aneka kue dari labu kuning adalah baik dan menyatakan bahwa produk tersebut layak untuk dikembangkan, bukan saja karena bahannya mudah diperoleh, akan tetapi juga mudah proses pembuatannya. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat karena memiliki kemampuan untuk mengolah labu kuning menjadi olahan aneka kue yang cantik, sekaligus mendorong jiwa wirausaha mitra agar lebih produktif sehingga mampu meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat.
PENERAPAN RISK ASSESSMENT DENGAN JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS GUNA MENCEGAH UNSAFE ACTION
Authors: Chahyadhi Bachtiar , Sumardiyono  , Suratna Farhana Syahrotun Nisa , Widjanarti Maria Paskanita , Wijayanti Reni , Ada Yeremia Rante , Fauzi Rachmawati Prihantina
Published: January 2024

Laboratorium mesin memiliki potensi bahaya yang dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja ataupun penyakit akibat kerja, maka sedari dini pengetahuan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja baik di ajarkan kepada siswa dengan basis vokasi. Salah satu strategi dalam pencegahan kecelakaan dengan risk assessment. Risk assessment adalah suatu metode pencegahan kecelakaan kerja berbasis mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya pada area kerja dan menyusun langkah-langkah pengendaliannya. Penerapan risk assessment bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya pada area laboratorium mesin serta memberikan upaya pengendaliannya. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan di SMKN 2 Surakarta dengan melibatkan siswa pada jurusan mesin. Metode pengabdian masyarakat dengan melakukan walktrough survey pada laboratorium mesin guna mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya mesin-mesin, dan bahaya lingkungan kerja. Potensi bahaya yang bisa diidentifikasi pada mesin bubut, milling, gerinda, dan cnc adalah mesin berputar tanpa pengaman, listrik tegangan tinggi, percikan gram material, kebisingan mesin, kejatuhan peralatan dan benda kerja, kebakaran, dan posisi kerja statis. Upaya pengendaliannya antara lain wajib menggunakan alat pelindung diri seperti wearpack dan sepatu saat mengoperasikan mesin, dilarang rambut panjang, dan kuku panjang, serta wajib didampingi instruktur atau guru, penyediaan alat pemadam api ringan, menggunakan kacamata keselamatan, dan melakukan peregangan otot 3- 5 menit pada pekerjaan statis. Upaya pengendalian ini penting dipahami dan diterapkan dalam menggunakan mesin sehingga potensi bahaya tidak memicu terjadi kecelakaan kerja.
LITERASI PERGAULAN REMAJA DALAM MEMBINA KEROHANIAN SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DI SMP TEOLOGI KRISTEN YOBEL BATAM
Authors: Simanjuntak Haposan , Nainggolan Imayanti , Siregar Viktor Deni , Jelita Elvi Putri , Asmanto  , Zega Mega Mustika , Waruwu Justine Handayani , Simatupang Febe , Siregar Rifa Idola , Panggabean Rini Wahyuni , Silaban Winda , Sianipar Desiana Br , Sijabat Indah Magdalena
Published: January 2024

Remaja merupakan masa peralihan manusia dari anak-anak menuju dewasa, yang telah meliputi semua perkembangan yang dialami sebagai persiapan memasuki masa dewasa. Tetapi pada masa perkembangan era digital yang semakin pesat saat ini telah banyak mempengaruhi kerohanian manusia terkhususnya remaja masa kini. Salah satu penyebabnya karena adanya pergaulan remaja yang membawa dampak kenakalan remaja. Adapun penyebab masalah kenakalan remaja diantaranya adalah orang tua yang terlampau sibuk dengan pekerjaannya serta dikarenakan tidak tepatnya saat memilih teman/lingkungan pergaulan hingga mengakibatkan terjerumusnya para remaja di dalam pergaulan yang salah ataupun akibat dari individunya sendiri. Oleh sebab itu kehidupan rohani pemuda tersebut harus diubahkan dengan suatu tindakan nyata yaitu dengan ibadah dan dari semua pihak, tidak hanya para pemuda saja. Serta upaya Bersama, baik itu dari orang tua, Guru, gereja dan seluruh pemimpin bangsa. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pembinaan. Implikasi pembinaan dilihat melalui observasi pelaksanaan PKM dan evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah Peserta didik dapat mengerti serta memahami betapa pentingnya menjauhi lingkungan-lingkungan yang merusak diri serta menghambat pertumbuhan iman dari seorang remaja
MENGENALKAN PENTINGNYA PEMBENTUKKAN KARAKTER SEBAGAI LANGKAH AWAL DALAM MEMBANGUN SEMANGAT KEPEMIMPINAN BAGI SISWA SMK YATINDO KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Dwita Febrisi , Supardi  , Luis Tri
Published: January 2024

Krisis kepemimpinan merupakan permasalahan serius yang dihadapi Indonesia, khususnya di kalangan pelajar. Ketika pelajar Indonesia kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk memimpin diri sendiri, langkah pertama yang harus dilakukan adalah membangkitkan kualitas kepemimpinannya dengan memperkuat karakternya. Banyak siswa di era modern saat ini yang sering berkelahi, kurang empati, dan tidak menghargai orang lain. Dengan adanya pembentukan karakter adalah suatu program atau upaya yang dilakukan untuk menumbuhkembangkan, menyempurnakan, dan/atau membentuk budi pekerti, kejiwaan, moral (moral), kemanusiaan (masyarakat), sehingga tingkah laku seseorang menjadi lebih baik dan meningkatkan kepribadiannya melalui kualitas kepemimpinan siswa/i. Metode yang digunakan dalam menerapkan “Character Building” adalah: observasi, konsultasi, sosialisasi, pembentukan karakter intensif mingguan, evaluasi, dan melanjutkan program. Output dari program ini adalah meningkatkan kualitas kepemimpinan siswa/i dan membangun kepribadian yang lebih baik.
PEMBELAJARAN SECARA DARING MELALUI KOMIK EDUKATIF KEPADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD)
Authors: Putri Faizzah Kahfi , Syahida Rafika Nur , Pragi Gendis Ariesta , Asykar Nailla , Rofikoh Ummi , Hardanto Afik
Published: January 2024

Berbagai metode pembelajaran secara daring bisa dilakukan melalui interaksi dua arah (misal: kelas online melalui zoom, gmeet, whatsapp, dll) ataupun satu arah (misal: video rekaman, aplikasi konten pembelajaran, dan lain-lain). Salah satu inovasi yang akan diimplementasikan pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah komik edukatif. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian yaitu memberikan pengetahuan terkait dengan kesehatan dan tatanan normal baru yang dilaksanakan secara daring melalui aplikasi komik interaktif. Mitra pengabdian adalah siswa kelas 4 dan 5 SD Islam Nurul Fatimah, Kabupaten Bogor. Metode dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu: (i) persipana (meliputi pembuatan komik interaktif dan pre-test), (ii) pelaksanaan kegiatan (meliptui: penyuluhan dan pendampingan instalasi serta penggunaan aplikasi secara daring), dan (iii) evaluasi (meliputi: post-test dan kritik-saran oleh mitra secara daring). Berdaraskan hasil kegiatan, terjadi peningkatan pemahaman secara signifikan terhadap 46 responden terkait pengetahuan tentang kesehatan dan tata normal baru. Metode pembelajaran menggunakan media aplikasi komik interaktif efektif mendukung proses pembelajaran secara daring.
Introduction
Authors: Field Robin E. , Jordan Jerrica
Published: January 2024

#MeToo and Modernism focuses on a particular time period in order to uncover a united literary movement against sexual violence. Interdisciplinary in focus, the collection of essays showcase how authors, whether purposely or not, identified ways to challenge patriarchal viewpoints regarding sexuality and gender and allowed readers different methods of interpretation. Our narrowed focus presents ways for literary scholars and educators to convey these trauma narratives and connect them with present-day survivors and listeners, as well as offering new links between traditional and often-unheard modernist voices. The formal and ethical complexities of modernist literature and art, as well as the omnipresence of sexual violence throughout these texts, position modernist literary critics well to address the tenets of #MeToo in college classrooms and in research.
“I’d have my life unbe”
Authors: Shaw Bailey
Published: January 2024

Originally a story of missed opportunity and tragic circumstance, Tess of the d’Urberville as it developed became an argument for the purity of Tess. Viewing the novel’s vexed publication history in the context of the #MeToo movement, Hardy’s recurrent alterations to the text and his changing of the circumstances of Tess’s central event (muddying the waters between rape and seduction) reveal his increasing desire to offer some statement on Tess’s reflective consciousness. Through the novel’s growing attention to representing Tess’s subjectivity, Tess is enabled to realize that the world’s opinion is founded on ignorance of her situation and her very self. The “ache of modernism” is painfully revealed through Tess, a “Pure Woman” who is made to suffer in a world without justice.
Ford’s Creepy Candor
Authors: Carver Beci
Published: January 2024

Carver contributes to the new rehabilitative wave in Ford studies at this moment of revitalized interest in the ethics of sexual interaction. No one among all the modernists worried as much or as eloquently as Ford did about their sexual conduct. The question “How young is too young?” was a lifelong one for Ford, extending beyond the numerical matter of age to the more nebulous and case-specific question of closeness to adulthood. Taking Ford’s poem “To Gertrude” and his novels The Good Soldier and The Spirit of the People, Carver traces how Ford’s characters—and the author himself—crosses boundaries, breaks vows, and thinks the “unthinkable,” shocking themselves while fearing how “essential ethics” threaten to lock them all into a life without pleasure.
The Phonograph as Witness
Authors: Cammack Zan
Published: January 2024

Cammack delineates how the phonograph is a machine that initially seems saturated in female-gendered objectification. Yet, by looking back at the object’s history, we see different iterations of the phonograph as a signifier of sexual trauma, as well as how it functions as a witness in support of survivors. The phonograph, a previous new media platform, has historically worked to combat these metamorphic and literal acts of sexual aggression, finding ways to give voice to and unite in solidarity with narratives of survivors. Cammack demonstrates how highly visible modernist texts Dracula (1897), Pygmalion (1914), and The Waste Land (1922) also conflate woman with object, and particularly woman as a sexual object and victim of metaphorical and literal sexual assault.
“full yell of full woman, delight, joy, indignation”
Authors: Levenson Michael
Published: January 2024

Words uttered by women are scant in the opening phases of Ulysses. A telling under-narrative in the novel is the emergence and then eruption of actively and insistently speaking women. The testimony of these women marks a signal event in Ulysses, but also within the culture of modernism. The novel’s composition is contemporaneous with suffragette militancy, which it registers explicitly, and also with revisionary conception of masculinity which Joyce brings into spectacular articulation. Levenson places Ulysses and its author at a complex conjunction, where social forces and narrative pressures meet in provocation. The ‘Out-spoken’ of the essay’s title means to suggest the slowly achieved speaking-up and speaking-out of Joyce’s women, but also the masculine frame that exceeds, without containing, them.
Modernist Memoir and the Social Structures of Sexual Violence
Authors: Heaney Emma
Published: January 2024

The embeddedness of queerness in working-class, immigrant, and BIPOC communities and its occlusion in bourgeois society exposes elements of the operation of sexual assault beyond both the common notion of an individual victim randomly targeted by a stranger but also the wife or daughter targeted by an evil individual family member in the bourgeois home. The chapter suggest that the method of understanding sexual violence that these memoirs offer enables us to read depictions of sexual violence in modernist fiction. Djuna Barnes’s Ryder provides an example of abuse in the bourgeois home whereas Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God presents sexual assault as a structure of collective and intergenerational racial trauma; both poles of representation of sexual violence reflect the structural concerns that the memoirs clarify. The memoirs enable an appreciation of the novelists’ engagement with social structures of gender, age, class, and race as constitutive factors.