bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural networks as an actor of socio-epistemic arenas: ethical problems
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tikhonova Sophia , Artamonov Denis ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of ethical problems related to the use of neural networks and artificial intelligence systems in scientific research. The authors consider neural networks as one of the actors of socio-epistemic arenas, which are understood as communication platforms for developing new knowledge in the process of distributed cognition. The acquisition of knowledge within the framework of socio-epistemic arenas occurs as a result of the interaction of three equally ranked actors: professional scientists, masses of non-professional Internet users and digital technologies. The emergence of the GPT4 neural network has made it obvious that digital tech­nologies are actively involved not only in natural science, but also in humanitarian scientific re­search. It began to be used both for commercial purposes and for entertainment purposes in civil science projects and independent research of Internet users seeking to obtain the necessary in­formation using a neural network. The neural network has also become part of the working tools of professional scientists, which has generated a lot of scientific and public discussions on the ethics of writing and publishing texts authored by ChatGPT. The use of a neural network for writing scientific articles is considered by part of the scientific community as plagiarism and copyright infringement, but the widespread use of GPT4 by the masses of Internet users is chang­ing the attitude towards this tool in the scientific community as well. There are scientific papers in which ChatGPT is positioned as a co-author of the study, acquiring scientific subjectivity. This state of affairs aggravates the ethical problems associated with the possibility of falsification of re­search results, and raises the question of automating the processes of marking and detecting the authorship of the neural network in the publications of scientists. Meanwhile, it becomes obvi­ous that neural networks, providing huge opportunities for the intensification of cognition pro­cesses, have expanded the socio-epistemic practices of scientists and the masses of Internet users, which it is impossible not to take into account when understanding science in society.
Extended cyborg: conceptualizing the interconnection of humans and intelligent systems
Authors:   State Academic University for the Humanities, Alekseeva Ekaterina
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the development of the concept of “extended cyborg”, which conceptualizes various aspects of interaction between people and intelligent computer technologies. It is shown that cyborgization does not imply an invasive combination of the human body and computer technologies, but represents the integration of cyber technolo­gies and human experience. Such cyborgization is often interpreted as an anthropological threat, but the article shows that it is an ambivalent phenomenon integrated into the imma­nent ways of human interaction with material reality. In this regard, the ontology of ex­panded cyborgization is considered, as well as its two important aspects – cognitive and political.
The interleukin 22–oncostatin M axis promotes intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis
Authors: Hegazy Ahmed , Cineus Roodline , Luo Yanjiang , Saliutina Mariia , Boesel Diana , Abdelrahman Aya , Hainbuch Saskia , Coburg Elena , Cancino Camila , Gerbeth Lorenz , Müller Nils , Kühl Anja , Löhning Max , Diefenbach Andreas , Siegmund Britta , Romagnani Chiara , Guerra Gabriela , Heinrich Frederik , Durek Pawel , Mashreghi Mir-Farzin , Wirtz Stefan , West Nathaniel , Wang Lifen , Klementowicz Joanna , Breart Beatrice , Roels Juliette , Ziai James , Hung Jeffrey
Published: September 2024

Multicellular cytokine networks orchestrate the onset and progression of intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Interleukin 22 (IL-22), a member of the IL-10 superfamily, is known for its ability to promote epithelial cell recovery and repair. However, dysregulation of IL-22 can inadvertently fuel intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis through mechanisms that are not completely understood.
Here we show that IL-22, derived from group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), directly triggers oncostatin M (OSM) responsiveness in intestinal epithelial cells by activating the transcription factor STAT3 and upregulating OSM receptor (OSMR) expression. OSM, a member of the IL-6 cytokine family implicated in inflammatory bowel disease, collaborates with IL-22 to sustain STAT3 activation in epithelial cells, thereby orchestrating proinflammatory epithelial adaptations and immune cell chemotaxis to the intestine. Conditional deletion of OSMR in epithelial cells protects mice from both colitis and CAC. Furthermore, pharmacological blockade of OSM reduces the progression of established CAC.
Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which OSM sustains intestinal inflammation and CAC and identifies the IL-22-OSM axis as a promising therapeutic target for intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin E, Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Carrots on growth performance and haemato-biochemical parameters of rabbit
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Muzammil , Hashmi Mohammad Rameez , Nazir Muhammad Mubashir , Ashraf Asma , Mahmood Nasir , suriya orooj , Abbasi Asim , Gulfreen Esha , Farzeen iqra
Published: September 2024

Rabbit meat has excellent nutritional and dietetic properties because it contains high protein contents, enriched with poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamin B complex and low cholesterol level which meet the requirements for modern consumer healthy lifestyle. Rabbit farming preferred over poultry farming due to low risk of diseases and no special care. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin E, Moringa oleifera leaves (MOFL) carrot on growth performance and haemato-biochemical parameters rabbit. A total of 60 rabbits with equal weights were randomly divided into four groups each contain 10 does and 5 buck and their dietary supplementation continued for 60 days. Animals were feed two times a day with basal diet. Group A (T1) kept as control, Group B treatment (T2) with 50mg/kg of carrot, Group C treatment (T3) with 50mg Vitamin E/kg B, and Group D (T4) 50gm/kg BW with Moringa oleifera leaves. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein at every 20-day interval and carried to laboratory for analysis. The result of the experiment showed that the group feed with MOL and Vitamin E improved parameter of hematology and lipid profile as well as growth parameters.
Cryoablation Combined with Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor Pembrolizumab for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Guotai , Yuan Hubao , Cao Zhongqiang , Yang Xiaodong , Wang Pengli , Wang Shaohui
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryoablation combined with pembrolizumab treatment versus cryoablation alone in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted from February 2018 and October 2021. A total of 90 patients with NSCLC (AJCC stage IIIB/IV) were included, with 36 patients receiving cryoablation combined with pembrolizumab (Group A) and 54 patients receiving cryoablation alone (Group B). The primary outcome measures included objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS), immune responses and adverse events serving as secondary endpoints. Risk factors for OS and PFS were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
No treatment related deaths were observed. Group A demonstrated a higher ORR (75.0% vs. 61.1%), longer median OS (28.1 months vs. 24.2 months), and longer median PFS (12.8 months vs. 8.4 months) compared to Group B. Additionally, Group A showed significant increases in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8 + T cells, and elevated levels of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-β, and IFN-γ. The multivariate analysis showed the combination of cryoablation and pembrolizumab was an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS.
Conclusions: Cryoablation combined with pembrolizumab significantly improves clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients compared to cryoablation alone, highlighting the potential of this combination therapy in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and prolonging survival.
An ERRα-ZEB1 transcriptional signature predicts survival in triple-negative breast cancers
Authors: Shi Jing-Ru , Poulard Coralie , Cerutti Catherine , Trédan Olivier , Romancer Muriel Le , Shi Tie-Liu , Vanacker Jean-Marc
Published: September 2024

Background.
Transcription factors (TFs) act together with co-regulators to modulate the expression of their target genes, which eventually dictates their pathophysiological effects. Depending on the co-regulator, TFs can exert different activities. The Estrogen Related Receptor α (ERRα) acts as a transcription factor that regulates several pathophysiological phenomena. In particular, interactions with PGC-1 co-activators are responsible for the metabolic activities of ERRα. In breast cancers, ERRα exerts several tumor-promoting, metabolism-unrelated activities that do not depend on PGC1, questioning the identity of the co-activators involved in these cancer-related effects.
Methods.
We used bio-computing methods to identify potential co-factors that could be responsible for the activities of ERRα in cancer progression. Experimental validations were conducted in different breast cancer cell lines, using determination of mRNA expression, ChIP-qPCR and proximity ligation assays.
Results.
ZEB1 is proposed as a major ERRα co-factor that could be responsible for the expression of direct ERRα targets in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). We establish that ERRα and ZEB1 interact together and are bound to the promoters of their target genes that they transcriptionally regulate. Our further analyses show that the ERRα-ZEB1 downstream signature can predict the survival of the TNBC patients.
Conclusions.
The ERRα-ZEB1 complex is a major actor in breast cancer progression and expression of its downstream transcriptional targets can predict the overall survival of triple-negative breast cancer patients.
Effect of Newborn Genomic Screening for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial in China
Authors: Wang Xin , Sun Yun , Guan Xian-Wei , Wang Yan-Yun , Hong Dong-Yang , Zhang Zhi-Lei , Li Ya-Hong , Yang Pei-Ying , jiang Tao , Xu Zheng-feng
Published: September 2024

Background
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) have a relatively high incidence among rare diseases and can lead to severe consequences if not treated promptly. However, many countries and regions have not included these disorders in their newborn screening programs, resulting in missed early detection, underdiagnosis, and delayed treatment. Newborn genomic screening has shown good screening effectiveness for traditional biochemical screening diseases; however, its effectiveness for LSDs has not yet been evaluated in the general newborn population.
Methods
To evaluate the outcome of newborn genomic screening for LSDs, a cohort study was conducted involving newborns recruited from Nanjing Women and Children’s Healthcare Hospital in China from March 18, 2022, to September 21, 2023. All participants underwent genomic screening of 15 LSDs (18 genes) via dried blood spots, with enzyme activity testing of positive samples. The study calculated the prevalence and carrier rates for each LSD, as well as the positive screening rate, the false positive rate and the positive predictive value of the screening process.
Results
This study prospectively recruited 22,687 newborns (11,996 males [52.88%]). The mean (SD) gestational week was 39.2 (1.08) weeks, and the mean (SD) birth weight was 3369.7 (412.95) g. Genomic screening identified 1,344 carriers (6.0%) and 30 (0.13%) initial positive newborns for LSDs. Among the 30 initial positive newborns, 4 were excluded, 15 newborns were diagnosed, and 11 newborns were followed-up. The combined birth incidence of LSDs in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is 1/1,512, mainly Fabry disease, Krabbe disease, glycogen storage disease type II, Niemann-Pick disease and mucopolysaccharidosis type II. Compared with enzyme activity detection, newborn genomic screening had greater positive predictive value (P < 0.05) and a lower false positive rate (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study emphasizes the clinical utility of incorporating newborn genomic screening for LSDs into routine newborn screening, offering a proactive approach for early detection and intervention, ultimately enhancing public health and the well-being of newborns and their families.
Application of water management strategies in cooperative game theory for the restoration of Hour Al-Azim wetland
Authors: Pournabi Nima , Janatrostami Somaye , Ashrafzadeh Afshin , Mohammadi Kourosh
Published: September 2024

The Hour-Al-Azim transboundary wetland, one of Iran's most significant wetlands, is facing desiccation due to a disregard for environmental flow. A significant portion of the wetland has dried up, leading to the emergence of dust storms with detrimental effects on the region. Therefore, the imperative lies in fully restoring the wetland to mitigate the damages caused by dust storms and drought. In this study, considering the agricultural land area in the Karkheh River Basin and estimating the water requirements of the agricultural sector, the optimal allocation scenario that satisfies all stakeholders was determined using a cooperative game theory approach and Shapley value. The results indicated that complete wetland revival is not feasible considering the available water resources. Hence, solutions were proposed to reduce water consumption considering the virtual water trade approach and ecosystem services payment method. All potential options for the government and farmers toward complete wetland revival were identified using sequential game theory. Ultimately, the findings demonstrated that adopting a cooperative approach to reduce cultivated areas benefits both farmers by increasing profits and the government by simultaneously achieving the goal of wetland revival.
Multimodal assessment of brain stiffness variation in healthy subjects using magnetic resonance elastography and ultrasound time-harmonic elastography
Authors: Chandía Stefan Klemmer , Schattenfroh Jakob , Brinker Spencer T. , Tzschätzsch Heiko , Sack Ingolf , Meyer Tom
Published: September 2024

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive method for mapping brain stiffness. Ultrasound-based transtemporal time-harmonic elastography (THE) is emerging as a cost-effective, fast alternative to MRE that has the potential to be used for bedside monitoring of intracranial pressure. We aim to investigate the accuracy of THE in direct comparison with MRE performed in the brain. Ten healthy volunteers (25–40 years old) successively underwent multifrequency MRE (20 Hz − 35 Hz) and THE (27 Hz − 56 Hz) of the brain. Fiducial-marker-based optical tracking of the ultrasound field of view was used to align THE to 3D MRE. THE- and MRE-derived shear wave speed (SWS) was determined as a measure of brain stiffness and averaged within different brain regions of various depths for cross-modality correlation analysis. MRE-measured SWS in temporal lobe regions ranged from 1.0 to 1.3 m/s and was negatively correlated with age (R2 = 0.44, p = 0.035). After registration of both modalities, there was linear correlation of SWS values (MRE: 1.14 ± 0.08 m/s, THE: 1.13 ± 0.10 m/s; R2 = 0.62, p = 0.007). Best agreement between MRE and THE was achieved at depths of 40 to 50 mm, suggesting this range provides a viable trade-off between ultrasound attenuation and near-field bias. Similar brain regions can be consistently measured with both elastography modalities, despite the regional and individual variations of stiffness, and provided that similar stimulation frequencies are used. Cost-effective and fast transtemporal THE yields stiffness values of the temporal lobe in a range similar to those obtained with more expensive MRE.
The sonic hedgehog signaling inhibitor cyclopamine improves pulmona ry arterial hypertension via regulating the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 pathway
Authors: Jin Youpeng , Mao Fei , Wang Xuehui , Zhang Jie , Gao Yanting , Fan Youfei
Published: September 2024

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive disease with hallmarks of pulmonary vascular remodeling and bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) mutation. Recent studies indicate Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling is involved in the proliferation of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) but the role of the SHH signaling inhibitor cyclopamine in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH has not been investigated. We hypothesized SHH promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling and that inhibition of SHH signaling by cyclopamine could attenuate pulmonary hypertension via the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway. SHH and BMPR2 proteins were measured in pulmonary arteries isolated from MCT-induced PAH rats and in hPASMCs. The therapeutic effects of cyclopamine were tested in PAH rats and in BMPR2 knockdown hPASMCs. SHH protein levels were increased in PAH rats and exogenous recombinant SHH protein promoted proliferation of hPASMCs via BMPR2 and osteopontin. Furthermore, cyclopamine attenuated hemodynamics and vascular remodeling via the BMP pathway in PAH rats. Finally, cyclopamine enhanced apoptosis and reduced proliferation in hPASMCs with impaired BMPR2. The findings of this study provide evidence that SHH has a role in pulmonary vascular remodeling via BMP4/BMPR2/ID1, and its inhibition by cyclopamine could be a potential therapeutic target in PAH.
Design and Numerical Simulation of CuBi2O4 SCs with GQDs as Hole Transport Layer: Ideal and Non-ideal Conditions
Authors: Panachikkool Muhammad , T Aparna E , Asaithambi Perumal , Pandiyarajan T.
Published: September 2024

The simulation of ideal and non-ideal conditions using the SCAPS-1D simulator for novel structure Ag/FTO/CuBi2O4/GQD/Au was done for the first time. The recombination of charge carriers in CuBi2O4 is an inherent problem due to very low hole mobility and polaron transport in the valence band. The in-depth analysis of the simulation result revealed that GQDs can act as an appropriate hole transport layer (HTL) and can enhance the hole transportation. The simulation was done under ideal and nonideal conditions. The non-ideal conditions include parasitic resistances, reflection losses, radiative, and Auger recombination whereas the ideal condition was studied without the inclusion of any losses. Under ideal conditions, the cell Ag/FTO/CuBi2O4/GQD/Au exhibited a photovoltaic (PV) parameter such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc), fill factor (FF), photo conversion efficiency (PCE) are 1.39V, 25.898 mA/cm2, 90.92%, and 32.79%, respectively. The effect of various cell parameters such as the thickness of the absorber layer, HTL layer, and FTO, acceptor and defect density, the bandgap of the absorber and HTL layer, series and shunt resistance, back and front contact materials, radiation and Auger recombination of the absorber layer, reflection losses on the efficiency of the proposed cell is analysed. The drastic reduction in all PV parameters was observed under non-ideal conditions and the PV parameters are Voc (1.22V), Jsc (2.904 mA/cm2), FF (86.3), and PCE of 3.06%. The charge kinetics such as impedance, conductivity, and capacitance plots, and possible reasons for reductions in PV parameters are discussed in detail.
Evaluation of a novel simulation-based training for urgent laryngectomy care
Authors: Sparks Freya , Gilbody Nicky , Hilari Katerina
Published: September 2024

Background:
Laryngectomy (removal of the larynx, usually due to cancer) results in significant anatomical changes requiring specific clinical skills to safely manage the airway and support altered communication. It is crucial that healthcare professionals understand how to support people with laryngectomy, particularly in emergency care when their usual healthcare teams will not be present. Provision of laryngectomy training is limited. Existing education approaches fail to fully meet the needs of healthcare professionals; which in turn impacts on the provision of intervention to people with laryngectomy. With increasing evidence for simulation in pedagogical literature, this study explores how this approach can be used to support clinical skill education and improve urgent laryngectomy care. The aim of this study was to establish if a simulation-based approach is a feasible method of enhancing healthcare professional knowledge and confidence to provide emergency care to people with laryngectomy.
Methods:
A simulation-based training programme was piloted with delegates from a range of healthcare professions; over three separate study days. Immersive simulation scenarios were facilitated within a medical simulation centre using a modified SimMan mannequin, specially created models and prosthetics. Post-simulation debriefings were held with a focus on developing clinical skills within a Human Factors approach. In addition, training incorporated a skills-based session and interactive discussion with expert patients. Training was evaluated using pre- and post-course self-evaluation and qualitative feedback. Feasibility outcomes included the percentage of eligible participants who consented to take part, and the number of participants who completed the training.
Results:
28 multidisciplinary healthcare professionals registered for the training; 26 (93%) attended and completed the training activities as prescribed. Qualitative feedback and self-evaluation demonstrated increased theoretical knowledge and clinical skills post-training.
Conclusions:
Simulation-based training is a feasible method of clinical skill acquisition for urgent laryngectomy care. Further research is needed to assess whether competence is maintained over time, and whether Human Factors learning generalises to clinical practice. Wider study could incorporate assessment of the impact of the training on people with laryngectomy’s experiences of urgent care and potential impact on hospital flow.
Healthy longevity-associated protein improves cardiac function in murine models of cardiomyopathy with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Alvino Valeria Vincenza , Slater Sadie , Qiu Yan , Cattaneo Monica , Gate Seamus , Sekar Vealmurugan , Puca Annibale , Madeddu Paolo
Published: September 2024

Aims: Aging is influenced by genetic determinants and comorbidities, among which diabetes increases the risk for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. There is no therapy to prevent heart dysfunction in ageing and diabetic individuals. In previous studies, a single administration of the longevity-associated variant (LAV) of the human BPIFB4 gene halted heart decline in older and type-2 diabetic mice. Here, we asked whether orally administered LAV-BPIFB4 protein replicates these benefits.
Materials and Methods.In two controlled, randomized studies, 18-month-old male C57BL/6J mice and 9-week-old C57BLKS/J-Leprdb/Leprdb/Dock7+ [db/db] mice of both sexes underwent baseline echocardiography. They then received a recombinant purified LAV-BPIFB4 protein (3 µg/animal, every three days) or vehicle by gavage. After a 30-day, the animals underwent echocardiography and the hearts were collected post-termination for histology.
Results. All the animals completed the study except one female diabetic mouse, which was culled prematurely because of tooth malocclusion, which caused eating problems. There was no effect of the LAV-BPIFB4 protein on body weight in the two studies or glycosuria in the diabetic study. In aging mice, LAV-BPIFB4 increased myocardial BPIFB4 expression, improving heart contractility and capillarity while reducing perivascular fibrosis and senesce. In male diabetic mice, LAV-BPIFB4 therapy improved systolic function, microvascular density, and senescence, whereas the benefit was limited to systolic function in females.
Conclusions. This study shows the feasibility and efficacy of a variant protein associated with human longevity in contrasting pivotal risk factors for heart failure in animal models. The diabetic study revealed that sex influences the treatment efficacy.
ADHD medications: a descriptive study of prescription trends in Tabriz, Iran, 2021-2022
Authors: Fakhari Ali , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Azimian Ali , Khameneh Amin , Matinkia Mahsa , Aghajani Ehsan
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Stimulants, which are also prescribed for other conditions, predominantly treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nevertheless, these medications are occasionally abused for nonmedical purposes. This study examines the demographic patterns in ADHD medication usage among both adult and pediatric populations in Tabriz, Iran, over a 12-month period.
Method
This descriptive study was conducted with data extracted from the Social Security Organization in Iran. Prescriptions were analyzed in Tabriz from March 2021 to March 2022. Prescription data were categorized by medication category, physician specialty, age group, and sex. Statistical analysis was subsequently performed via SPSS 2022.
Results
There were 21,083 prescriptions for ADHD drugs, which accounted for 1% of the target population. The average age of the recipients was 18.27 years, with males accounting for 66.8% and females accounting for 33.2%. The people who completed their medical education between 1987 and 1997 had the highest occurrence of ADHD medicine prescriptions. Psychiatrists accounted for the majority of prescriptions for ADHD medicines, accounting for 81.2% of prescriptions.
Conclusion
Only 1% of the target group received ADHD prescriptions. A lack of adequate ADHD diagnoses impedes many individuals from accessing crucial therapy. The mean age of the patients was 18.27 years, suggesting that older people might not be diagnosed as frequently as younger individuals. The most commonly prescribed medicine was methylphenidate, suggesting a reliance on a single treatment option. Specialists prescribed the majority of the medications. A scarcity of specialists may delay the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. Providing education and training to primary care physicians can improve the quality of treatment received by patients.
BMC Health Services Research Regulation, modification, and evolution of remote sign language interpreting in Sweden – a work in progress
Authors: Warnicke Camilla , Matérne¹ Marie
Published: September 2024

Background
The sign language interpreting service has undergone a tremendous change due to COVID-19 as remote interpreting has become a more frequent alternative to the on-site face-to-face format. The aim of the study is to investigate the interpreters’ experience of the remote interpreting organisation in Sweden and how it evolved since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method
Interviews with 26 experienced remote interpreters, representing 19 of Sweden’s 21 counties, were analysed with qualitative content analysis.
Results
Three themes were revealed in the analysis. The first theme was regulation. It was stated that directives and regulatory decisions concerning provision of remote interpreting services were varied and unclear. Several different platforms were used when interpreting remotely. Some of the services had conducted risk analyses, whereas others had not. The second theme was modification, including adjusting interactions to suit users’ preferences and capabilities, as well as adjustments to work environments and workplaces. The third theme, evolution of remote interpreting, showed that support and training were rare and varied. The organisation of remote interpreting appears to be a work in progress across Sweden, but it is a way of interpreting that is here to stay.
Conclusions
In Sweden, remote interpreting is a service that varies according to regulations and organisation of the assignments. The service seems to benefit from being more uniform and streamlined across Sweden, although consideration must be given to those involved with the service.
Analysis of Brucella melitensis wbkC protein affecting the lncRNA expression profiles of RAW264.7 cells and mining of autophagy pathway lncRNAs
Authors: Jiao Hanwei , Li Wenjie , Jiao Fengyuan , Zhou Gengxu , Meng Chi , Wang Lingjie , Wu Shengping , Fan Cailiang , Zhou Zuoyong , Cao Liting , Li Jixiang , Chu Yuefeng
Published: September 2024

Background
Brucellosis is a veterinary and human disease caused by Brucella, which not only causes serious public safety but also affects the development of animal husbandry and international trade. The formyl transferase encoded by the wbkC gene plays an important role in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an important virulence factor of Brucella melitensis. Long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as an emerging regulatory molecule, are thought to be extensively involved in the regulation of cellular activities. In this paper, by studying the analysis of Brucella melitensis. wbkC protein affecting the lncRNA expression profile of RAW264.7 cells and the mining of autophagy pathway lncRNAs in the sheep species, the aim of this study was to reveal the mechanism by which B. melitensis affects macrophage autophagy and intracellular survival.
Methods
In this study, B. melitensis wbkC protein was obtained by prokaryotic expression, and polyclonal antibody to wbkC protein was prepared by immunizing rabbits. Recombinant adenovirus for wbkC gene overexpression was prepared to mediate wbkC overexpression in RAW264.7 cells with Ad_wbkC. The wbkC protein was analyzed to affect the lncRNA expression profile of RAW264.7 cells by transcriptomics sequencing technology to mine the autophagy pathway-related lncRNAs.
Results
The results showed that Ad_wbkC successfully mediated the overexpression of wbkC in RAW264.7 cells, and a total of 32 expression up-regulated lncRNAs versus 30 expression down-regulated lncRNAs were identified in the Ad_wbkC group as compared with the control group. By analyzing the functional enrichment of the lncRNA target genes GO and KEGG, the lncRNAs with TOP15 expression related to autophagy were screened for qRT-PCR validation. The validation results showed that lncRNA 4933430A20Rik and lncRNA B930036N10Rik were consistent with the sequencing results.
Conclusions
B. melitensis wbkc protein further affects macrophage autophagy and intracellular survival by influencing lncRNA expression.
Prognosis of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Using DCE-MRI and InceptionV3
Authors: Pattanayak Satyabrata , Singh Tripty , Kumar Rishabh
Published: September 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy is crucial for breast cancer patients seeking to retain the breast by reducing the tumor size for conserving surgery. This treatment aims to achieve a pathologic complete response (pCR), eradicating cancer cells entirely and reducing the risk of recurrence. The study’s objective is to devise a predictive approach for identifying patients achieving pCR through neoadjuvant therapy, based on radiomic features extracted from MR images by leveraging the InceptionV3 model with advanced validation techniques.
Methods: In our study, we gathered data from 364 unique Patient IDs sourced from the-SPY 2 MRI database with the goal of classifying pCR (pathological complete response). Our research introduced three key areas of novelty.Firstly, we explored the extraction of advanced features such as region centroid, Entropy, Sphericity, and more. These features provided deeper insights into the characteristics of the MRI data and enhanced the discriminative power of our classification model.Secondly, we applied these extracted features to the InceptionV3 (GoogleNet) model. To optimize the model’s performance, we experimented with different combinations of loss functions, optimizer functions, and activation functions. This thorough exploration allowed us to identify the most effective configuration for the given task.Lastly, our classification results were subjected 1 to validation using advanced techniques such as Matthews Correlation Coefficient, Cohen’s Kappa, and Jaccard Index. These evaluation metrics provided a robust assessment of the model’s performance and ensured the reliability of our findings.
Results: The successful combination of advanced feature extraction, utilization of the InceptionV3 model with tailored hyperparameters, and thorough validation using cutting-edge techniques significantly enhanced the accuracy and reliability of our pCR classification study. By adopting a collabo-rative approach that involved both radiologists and the computer-aided system, we achieved superior predictive performance for pCR, as evi-denced by the impressive values obtained for the area under the curve (AUC) at 0.98.
Conclusion: Overall, the combination of advanced feature extraction, lever-aging the InceptionV3 model with customized hyperparameters, and rigorous validation using state-of-the-art techniques contributed to the accuracy and credibility of our pCR classification study.
Topical psoriasis therapy: An innovative classic
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Shatokhina E. A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Psoriasis affects various aspects of the quality of life of patients, causing psycho-emotional stress, anxiety and depression, therefore treatment of patients in terms of long-term control is the main goal of therapy.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of drugs containing calcipotriol and betamethasone in the treatment of plaque psoriasis of smooth skin, scalp, palmoplantar mild to moderate severity.

Material and methods. We observed 59 patients and 32 patients with moderate plaque psoriasis (PASI > 10 and < 20 points). In the groups, patients were randomized into subgroups with mild and moderate severity of psoriasis.

Results. In patients with mild and moderate plaque psoriasis, after 4 weeks there was a decrease in the PASI index by 89.1% and 64.1%, respectively, the DLQI index decreased by 53.8% and 61.9%, the sPGA index by 71.8% and 64.9% for mild and moderate degrees, respectively. In patients with mild and moderate palmoplantar psoriasis, after 4 weeks there was a decrease in the PPASI index by 64.2% and 62.1%, respectively, the DLQI index decreased by 56.4% and 56.7%, and the sPGA index by 63.4 % and 66.7% for mild and moderate degrees, respectively. In patients with mild to moderate psoriasis of the scalp, after 4 weeks there was a decrease in the PSSI index by 75.1% and 72.6%, the DLQI index decreased by 64.6% and 69.6%, and the sPGA index by 62.3% and 67.6% for mild and moderate degrees, respectively.

Conclusion. A 52-week follow-up demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of therapy with combination drugs (Daivobet® and Xamiol®) in patients with plaque psoriasis, including scalp psoriasis and palmoplantar psoriasis. It also showed a pronounced positive effect on the quality of life of patients, including in terms of long-term control of the disease.
The possibilities of improving the effectiveness of acne therapy
Authors: Zagrtdinova R. M. , Zagrtdinova R. N. , Mustafayeva E. Sh.
Published: September 2024

Acne is one of the most urgent problems of dermatology, since this dermatosis is widespread, often occurs during puberty, is accompanied by cosmetic defects, causes increased anxiety, dysmorphic phobia and depressive states. As a result, the quality of life and the possibility of social adaptation decrease in patients. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the treatment of this disease with the inclusion of modern highly effective drugs. When prescribing treatment, it is necessary to take into account all links in the pathogenesis of acne, and also remember that inflammation plays an important role in the development of dermatosis (especially severe course). With mild acne, it is recommended to prescribe only external therapy, with medium – external therapy and, if necessary, systemic, with severe systemic therapy is used as the main one. The appointment of antibiotics for this dermatosis is dictated by the presence of bacterial flora. Clindamycin is one of the antibiotics that effectively reduce colonization of C. аcnes. To ensure the high efficiency and safety of topical therapy, as well as the prevention of the development of resistance of microorganisms, there is a need to use a combination of at least two drugs. Thus, the combination of clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of therapy due to bactericidal, bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory and keratolytic actions. The convenient mode of use and the rapid therapeutic effect make it possible to include this combination in the group of priority drugs for the treatment of acne. Comedonolytic, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects are also observed in azelaic acid, and therefore drugs containing this component show a high pathogenetic effect in acne.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ÚLCERA DE PRESSÃO COMO INDICADOR SENTINELA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DOMICILIAR PRESTADA AO PACIENTE ACAMADO: UM PAPEL DA AUDITORIA DE QUALIDADE
Authors: Forechi Ludimila , Carneiro Ana Cláudia Silva
Published: September 2024

Este artigo objetiva avaliar a qualidade das práticas assistenciais ao paciente acamado realizadas por uma empresa terceirizada a uma operadora de saúde da região da grande Vitória-ES, por meio do desenvolvimento de úlcera de pressão como um indicador sentinela. Métodos: relato de experiência feito após implementação do serviço de auditoria de uma operadora de saúde suplementar do tipo medicina de grupo. A amostra foi composta de 20 pacientes acamados, em internação domiciliar, que receberam atendimento por uma equipe multidisciplinar pelo período entre dezembro de 2014 e 2015. Resultados: A amostra era composta em sua maior parte por indivíduos com idade abaixo de 30 anos, do sexo masculino, com tempo de internação de até 3 anos e diagnóstico de doença por causa genética ou neurológica. Nove beneficiários necessitaram da presença do técnico de enfermagem acrescentada na equipe assistencial básica. Apesar de esses pacientes requererem maiores cuidados em relação a seu estado de saúde, nenhum desenvolveu úlcera de pressão durante o período de acompanhamento. Em contrapartida, em 3 pacientes em que o serviço oferecido não era ampliado devido a menor complexidade, houve aparecimento de úlceras de pressão. Conclusão: Apesar da implementação do Projeto de Internação Domiciliar ter resultados satisfatórios, medidas educacionais constantes dos familiares/cuidadores devem ser providenciadas para evitar a ocorrência de úlceras de decúbito em paciente acamados que não recebe atendimento de profissionais de saúde por 24 horas
Application of Ionic Liquids in Environmental and Food Fields
Authors: Liu Baoyou , Zhang Xiaojie , Peng Zhixiao , Shi Lei , Xing Shiwen , Yan Qinglei , Wang Huanxin , Kang Wenhuai
Published: September 2024

As a new type of green solvent, ionic liquids have made rapid progress in the
fields of organic synthesis, separation, and electrochemistry due to their unique physical
and chemical properties. At the same time, the new fluorescence characteristics and good
separation and adsorption functions of ionic liquids have gradually developed in the field of
environment and food, showing a good application prospect. Based on the work of our research
group and the progress and development of research technology, this article reviews
the research results of ionic liquids in environmental monitoring and food detection and
extraction in recent years. In the environmental field, ionic liquids have the ability of detection
and remediation and they show the advantages of fast, efficient, green and recyclable
in the detection of environmental pollutants. In the field of food, ionic liquids provide a
new idea for the detection and extraction technology of food components. While ensuring green, safe and pollution-
free, they show superior selectivity, repeatability and stability, and simplify the operation steps and costs
to a certain extent, showing the capture vitality with life characteristics. As a potential smart material, the
mechanism of ionic liquids as fluorescent probes and separation extractants was discussed. Finally, the future
development and research directions of ionic liquids are prospected, and it is expected to realize the intelligentization
of ionic liquid materials and the general integration of development.
New Obesity Treatment Agent: β-Caryophyllene
Authors: He Peiyi , Zang Linquan , Zhu Shuguang
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a pressing global public health challenge, recognized as a major risk factor
for chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and cancer. The rising obesity
rates necessitate effective and safe therapeutic interventions. Despite the availability of FDA-approved
drugs for long-term weight management, these pharmacological treatments often entail significant
side effects and high costs, leading to low patient adherence. Consequently, there is an increasing
focus on natural anti-obesity agents. β-caryophyllene (BCP) has emerged as a promising
candidate, owing to its broad pharmacological properties. This review critically examines recent
advancements in understanding BCP's anti-obesity effects, encompassing in vitro, animal, and clinical
studies. Key mechanisms by which BCP exerts its effects include modulation of gut microbiota,
enhancement of energy expenditure, regulation of metabolic enzymes, and inhibition of lipid
synthesis and absorption. These insights lay the groundwork for the potential development of
BCP-based dietary supplements or pharmaceuticals aimed at combating obesity.
Polysaccharide-based Edible Film Coatings for Preservation and Packaging of Food
Authors: Sanjaykumar Gupta Swati , Malviya Rishabha , Sundaram Sonali , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , Singh Deependra Pratap
Published: September 2024

A lot of interest has been shown in edible films and coatings made from homo- and heteropolysaccharides
as environmentally friendly substitutes for food packaging and preservation. This
review delves into the various uses, characteristics, and working principles that underpin these biopolymer-
based materials' ability to prolong food products' shelf lives and preserve their quality.
Clarified are the structure-function correlations of a variety of polysaccharides, such as starch, chitosan,
cellulose, and their blends, emphasizing their potential as barrier coverings against microbial,
oxygen, and moisture contamination. Additionally, the addition of bioactive substances and nanomaterials
to these films is covered, with a focus on how these materials improve the films' mechanical,
antioxidant, and antibacterial qualities. The paper also discusses future options for research and
case studies of these biopolymer-based systems. All things considered, the application of edible films
and coatings based on homo- and heteropolysaccharide biopolymers offers viable options for environmentally
friendly food packaging that preserves food quality and safety while lowering environmental
impact. The need for this review arises from the growing demand for sustainable, environment-
friendly alternatives to traditional plastic packaging.
Recent Progress of Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Licorice Roots
Authors: Li Le , Yong Jianping , Lu Canzhong , Tian Danian
Published: September 2024

Licorice root is one kind of traditional Chinese Medicine, which has a long history of
clinical use and has been widely considered by Chinese and foreign scholars. Many works on the
chemical constituents (including flavonoids, triterpene, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and amino acids,
etc.) together with their biological activities (including anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, enhancing the
body's immunity, anti-fatigue, regulating the digestive system, lowering blood sugar, decreasing
blood lipids and so on) have been achieved. In this mini-review, we comprehensively reviewed the
recent progress of its constituents and biological activities by searching through CNKI, PubMed,
Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to provide a comprehensive reference for the
researchers.
Literacy development in early children
Authors: Sornoza-Menéndez Carlos Eduardo , Molineros-Andrade Sara Eliza , Paz-Vargas Silvia Gabriela , Mero-Alcívar Carmen Magdalena , María-Cecilia Mera Zambrano
Published: September 2024

Literacy, which encompasses the process of reading and writing, is essential for children's cognitive, academic and social development. Introducing these skills at an early age, generally between 0 and 6 years old, is decisive because it forms the basis for future learning. Through literacy, children develop their vocabulary, reading comprehension and communication skills, which also reinforces their critical thinking and creativity. The objective of the research is to determine the importance of the early development of literacy in the first years of life, the result was that literacy is part of the academic base for the following years of early childhood, boys and girls learn to expand their imagination and also lose stage fright when performing a socio-cultural or artistic presentation, highlighting at the same time their interest in reading and writing, improving throughout life.
Identidad de lugar y cuidado del entorno físico escolar
Authors: Flórez Gutiérrez Alfredo , Santamaria Ruiz Mauricio
Published: September 2024

Introduction: To examine the relationship between place identity and care of the physical school environment. While care is understood as an attribute of the relationship that requires education and commitment, as a relationship between the one who cares and the one who is cared for, it is achieved when both people accept it, nurture it and commit to it. Methodology: A mixed method is approached, using descriptive statistics to present the information, data analysis was performed through IBM SPSS statistics software to perform statistical tests and relationships between variables, contrasting with its qualitative aspect from observation through a checklist, only to improve reliability. Results: a positive relationship is shown between identity of place and care of the school physical environment; with respect to identity of place and student education levels, the relationship is inverse and negative with a dependent value of -10.71. Conclusions: the finding can be used to create educational guidelines that contribute to institutional strategies, to achieve greater awareness and care about the space they use, concluding that schools should be conceived as environments that resonate deeply with students, fostering a stronger sense of identity and connection, to solve the opportunities for improvement found in the identity of place as students' academic levels increase.
Editorial Note
Authors: Barton William Michael , Van Rooy Raf
Published: September 2024

This editorial note accompaniies the second part of the triptych on Latin–Greek Code-Switching in Early Modernity, of which the first part appeared as JOLCEL 9.
Reconstructing Mosul: Occupation, destruction and rebuilding
Authors: Santing Kiki , Bonneau Courtney , Martany Stella
Published: September 2024

Mosul, Iraq’s second largest city, has great historical and cultural significance. After Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi used Mosul’s Al Nuri Mosque to declare the caliphate in 2014, the city was captured and occupied by the Islamic State. After a fierce battle, the city was liberated in 2017, however, large parts of the city, including most of the old city, were completely destroyed. Currently, the city is undergoing reconstruction. This book focuses on that reconstruction by zooming in on the cultural heritage sites, the residential areas and the camps outside of the city where former residents now live, awaiting their return to the city. This book shines a light on how certain projects are prioritized, how other projects are neglected or postponed, and the consequences for the city’s residents.