bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and the real world
Authors: Blood D. C.
Published: March 2023

This attempt to honor Frank Schofield’s memory sets out to be provocative, to avoid pretense by setting out the problem clearly and honestly, and finally attempting to be constructive as well as being critical. He would, I am sure, have been provoked by and probably would have agreed with the principle of the comments I make on the status of veterinary research today. How important I think the subject is can be judged by the fact that I have chosen this honorific occasion to air it.
How mice can help cattle
Authors: Bustad Leo K.
Published: March 2023

More remarkable discoveries have been made in science during my adult lifetime than in all of recorded history. When the atom was split (at the time of World War II), those of us who were in our 20’s thought that it was excitement enough for one lifetime. But discovery after discovery has occurred, utilizing new instrumentation, radioactive-labeled substances and remarkable new techniques. Molecular biology was born and blossomed. And now we’re beginning to really appreciate the flowers that are blossoming all around us. Rivaling the splitting of the atom and its many beneficial consequences is what has come to be called genetic engineering and related technology. Terms like genesplitting and recombinant DNA are becoming almost household words. In our laboratories (and many others), we are utilizing many of the new techniques involving monoclonal antibodies and hybridomas which are somewhat less than household words. There is renewed excitement about the prospects of remarkable advances to be made in the future. By splicing genetic material and reshuffling hereditary material, we are at the threshhold of using bacteria to manufacture many life-saving substances for people and animals.
AABP Association and Conference News
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: March 2023

Description and preconference program for the 15th Annual Conference of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners (1982), and information about officers, district news, events, awards, obituaries, book reviews, and other news. Highlights from the XII World Congress on Diseases of Cattle.
Approved and unapproved drug use in dairy cattle
Authors: Meiring R. W.
Published: March 2023

Criteria used in selecting drugs to be used in treating a lactating cow (diagnosis of disease and causative agent, chemistry and pharmacokinetics of the drug, withdrawal times and economics), antibiotics used by veterinarians either in accordance with label directions or in a dose or manner not indicated on the label, and the use of antibiotics not approved for treatment of lactating cows are discussed. Reasons for using unapproved drugs or approved drugs in unapproved ways are presented. Selection of withholding times for unapproved drugs is also examined.
Advances in the diagnosis of infectious bovine abortion
Authors: Evermann James F.
Published: March 2023

There has been an increased understanding of bovine abortion and the causes over the past few years. The reasons for this understanding are attributed to better recognition of the problem itself, the potential causes of the problem, and finally, how diagnostic assistance can be of value in determining the cause or causes of the problem we collectively refer to as abortion.
Bovine Practitioner No. 18 (1983 November). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: March 2023

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Energy for cattle
Authors: Simons John C.
Published: March 2023

Thus far we have demonstrated a source of energy rich nutrients that can be utilized by the bovine. We now need to demonstrate a valid measuring system that enables the determination of energy concentrations in feeds and energy requirements of animals.
Protein utilization in the ruminant
Authors: Rush Ivan G.
Published: March 2023

This research has led to a much closer look at the site of digestion, as well as factors involved in nitrogen or protein utilization at the various sites. Many excellent review articles have been written concerning nitrogen utilization which include, Protein requirements for cattle, Symposium (1), Alternate nitrogen sources for ruminants, (2), Urea and other nonprotein nitrogen compounds in animal nutrition (3), and, Progress in the utilization of urea as a protein replacer for ruminants (4), which the reader may refer to for more details. The purpose of this paper is to summarize some of the present research and thoughts on nitrogen utilization in the ruminant.
Comments on tularemia and other tick-borne affections of livestock in Montana
Authors: Philip Cornelius B.
Published: March 2023

This report is offered to call attention to the fact that at least under conditions of localized tick-borne tularemia epizootic on a stock ranch, it is possible for young cattle to be affected and management with regard to control of tick-infestation may be guided accordingly. Details of tests in laboratory animals are supplied to confirm that the isolates were fully virulent though isolates of low virulence from some other natural sources also have been recognized.
Experiences as an expert witness for the Bovine Practitioner
Authors: Amstutz Harold E.
Published: March 2023

Court cases involving cattle health problems are taking an increasing amount of my time, and I believe that enough bovine practitioners have been involved, are involved, or will be involved that the following may be of interest, and possibly some assistance to many.
Animal welfare
Authors: Troutt H. Fred
Published: March 2023

When we equate the term animal welfare to mean humane care all of us pretty much think alike. All desire humane care. However in regards to the term Animal Rights, I wonder if we’re all not a bit naive, complacent and ill informed and . . . continuing to talk to ourselves.
Changing patterns of nutritional myodegeneration (white muscle disease) in cattle in Great Britain
Authors: Bradley R. , Anderson P. H. , Wilesmith J. W.
Published: March 2023

Analysis of data accumulated between 1975-1980 from a computer bank of diagnoses of cattle disease occurring on farms in Great Britain, and from pathological and biochemical examinations revealed nutritional myodegeneration to be the most frequently reported and probably the most economically important myopathy. Reported disease incidence increased between 1976 and 1979. The increase in incidence was relatively greater in yearlings and adults than in calves in which the disease predominates. In calves 3 clinical syndromes (dyspnoea; locomotor and postural disorders; sudden death) were recognized. The presenting signs in yearlings were locomotor or postural disorders; in cows they resembled milk fever. In weaned calves and yearlings disease risk increased in the spring and was frequently associated with turnout to pasture in adverse weather. The commonest environmental associations with the disease are dietary deficiencies of selenium, vitamin E or both, coupled with cold, wet and windy weather, sudden increased exercise, and in cows, bad management and parturition. Changing methods of feeding, increases in herd size and increased awareness are possible reasons for the increased incidence. Risk of the disease developing can be reduced by Se supplementation.
Bovine practitioner survey of Johne's disease
Authors: Hoffsis G. F , Dorn C. R. , Bonham J. B.
Published: March 2023

A questionnaire survey was conducted among veterinary surgeons to determine the prevalence of Johne's disease in their practices. A total of 2755 questionnaires were sent out and 799 (29%) were returned. For the 5 year (1973-1978) period, 2148 confirmed and 3037 suspected individual infected cattle were reported. In addition, 608 confirmed and 1098 suspected Johne's disease infected herds were identified. An estimated adjusted herd infection rate (confirmed infected herds only) of 4.3 per 1000 herds was calculated for the period. The highest infected herd rate was reported from Virginia, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland. Several other districts had similar infection rates. The lowest infection rate was from the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain states. The incidence rates were highest in regions of high cattle density and where cattle are confined suggesting that these factors increase the risk of Johne's disease transmission. There were more reported individual infected cattle in Holsteins than in any other breed; however, the breed population data were not available for calculating breed specific incidence rates.
Screening tests for abnormal milk and physical examination of the udder
Authors: Heider Lawrence E.
Published: March 2023

Many tests have been described for use in detecting abnormal milk. These include: black plate or strip cup, catalase test, (modified) Whiteside test, serum albumin, milk chloride, electrical conductivity, California Mastitis Test (CMT), Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT), Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC) and Electronic Somatic Cell Counts (ESCC). In summary, the black plate is still a useful tool for the examination of lactating cows to detect clinical mastitis.

The CMT Test is a useful cowside test for detecting subclinical infections.

ESCC provides useful information for assessing the prevalence of subclinical infection and for regular evaluation of mastitis control practices.

Examination of the udder may be indicated. Udder palpation is not as important in the current scheme of management of cows as it may have been in the past but could still provide useful additional indications for culling decisions.

Teat end lesions may be reduced by avoiding chemical irritation and faulty machine function. However, teat end appearance may be related to high production and, depending on degree, is not always an indication of unusual trauma.
Effect of levamisole on respiratory disease in feedlot cattle
Authors: Morter R. L. , Amstutz H. E.
Published: March 2023

It has been suggested that the deworming dose of levamisole administered at the time of processing cattle into the feedlot could be immunostimulatory and result in a reduced incidence of respiratory disease. This controlled field trial was undertaken to evaluate the effect of a single dose of 6.0 mg/kg of levamisole administered at the time of processing on the incidence and severity of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in feedlot cattle.
Bovine Practitioner No. 19 (1984 November). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: March 2023

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Problem solving in dairy practice I
Authors: Blackermer Paul , Jarrett James , Johnson Darrell
Published: March 2023

A transcription of a taped discussion between the three authors concerning various aspects of mastitis and its control.
Problem solving session II
Authors: Miller Rick , Doig Paul , Hanson Lyle , Ball Les , Manspeaker Joe
Published: March 2023

Transcription of a meeting between the authors to discuss reproductive management and answer various questions.
Milk fever prevention update and vitamin D3 toxicity
Authors: Olson William G.
Published: March 2023

Discussing problems of milk fever with practicing veterinarians today reveals that in some herds there are occasionally epidemics that occur for a variable period of time in some herds. The overall incidence in the U.S. is apparently down from the 8-9% of the 1960’s to about 6-7%. However, sales of milk fever treatments may be rather stable. This may also mean that the average milk fever cow may get 2 bottles per treatment.

Today, in the large herds, where caloric and calcium intake are very closely regulated to minimize overfeeding of energy and calcium, the herd incidence of milk fever may be below 1%. The major question for the medium size farm is whether or not it is worthwhile to prevent milk fever if the management upset is too great. This is a real problem for dairymen on all legume forages.
Supplementation management of growing and finishing cattle
Authors: Kuhl Gerry L.
Published: March 2023

The nutritional management of feeder cattle is an extremely broad and all encompassing subject. Consequently, this report will be confined to a brief summary of some of the major factors of current interest and concern to both cattlemen and feed manufacturers, with particular reference to feed additives, protein sources and recommended cattle management techniques.
Developing replacement heifers
Authors: Wiltbank J. N.
Published: March 2023

Proper development of replacement heifers leads to:Higher pregnancy rate first breeding seasonLess calving difficultyHigher pregnancy rate second breeding seasonConsequently, higher returns
Cattle veterinarians face the future with uncertainty
Authors: Andrews Anthony H.
Published: March 2023

The Harper Adams Agricultural College provided an appropriate setting for the British Cattle Veterinary Association Spring 1984 meeting. Its accessibility meant that well over a hundred members were able to attend. As always the meeting was a mixture of providing scientific information as well as good comradeship.
Differential diagnosis of unusual viral diseases
Authors: Castro Anthony E.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this presentation was to provide an insight into a possible approach in the diagnosis of an unusual viral disease and to alert veterinarians of the virologic facilities available in many diagnostic laboratories. The cooperation engendered between each veterinarian and personnel in a diagnostic laboratory should provide a confirmation of a viral diagnosis and also offer approaches in the prevention and control of unusual viral problems which can affect our domestic cattle.
American Association of Bovine Practitioners 17th Annual Conference (1984)
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: March 2023

American Association of Bovine Practitioners 17th Annual Conference (1984) program.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Therapy of Teat Canal Infections During the Dry Period of Dairy Cows
Authors: Du Preez J. H. , Greeff A. S.
Published: March 2023

Paper presented at the 13th World Congress on Cattle Diseases, Durban, South Africa, Sept. 17-21, 1984.
Establishing and Maintaining a Health Program Under Intensive Feedlot Conditions
Authors: Edwards A. J.
Published: March 2023

A feedlot health program serves as a very positive attempt by the veterinarian to provide specialized service to a highly specialized area of livestock production. The use of veterinary expertise in preventive medicine is far more productive to the modern feedlot where technicians are utlized to do the routine procedures.Many different health programs are available to the feedlot owners, and the challenge to establish successful plans lies clearly with the veterinarian who is willing to commit the time necessary to develop the program and then work to see that it is carried out properly.This paper will present the following eight main points of a feedlot health program and discuss their significance:1. Long-term goals and immediate objectives2. Procedures3. Health Record system4. Receiving schedules5. Guidelines for detection of sick animals6. Treatment schedules7. Recovery
Nutrition and Disease
Authors: Phillips Robert W.
Published: March 2023

This review paper was presented at the XIIIth World Congress on Cattle Diseases, Durban, South Africa, Sept. 17-21, 1984.
Policy Challenges to Governing Learner Appropriate Online Class Sizes in Higher Education
Authors: Irby Beverly J. , Torres Mario , Lara-Alecio Rafael , Tong Fuhui , Tabron Lolita
Published: March 2023

One of the more intriguing policy developments in education today is the expansion of blended and fully online course delivery. Often at the behest of lawmakers and lobbyists, many colleges and universities are devoting massive resources in support. It is fast becoming a prominent feature in many institutions. To be sure, research over online programming and how it impacts student learning is ongoing. One key aspect to online learning is class size.
Vengeful Equity: Gendering the School-to-Prison Pipeline
Authors: Mackey Hollie
Published: March 2023

The ‘school-to prison pipeline’ problem has typically been framed as predominantly affecting boys since punitive school discipline practices become firmly entrenched in U.S. public schools beginning in the 1990’s.  Since then, the experiences of girls and gender non-conforming students has largely been overlooked.  Girls and gender non-conforming students represent an increasing number of students suspended from schools annually and the number of juvenile justice involved girls has increased.  This policy brief presents context to the problem and suggests a gendered analysis of aggression and violence is warranted to identify differences in the ways girls’  and gender non-conforming students’ behaviors are perceived and punished in schools utilizing intersectionality as an analytic tool of critical praxis to provide researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners recommendations for future empirical study and practical approaches to correct policy and practice that perpetuate gender bias and social inequality.  Improved policy and practice that address inequitable application of school discipline decision-making and juvenile justice decisions can have a direct effect on girls’ and gender non-conforming students’ academic success and decrease the number of women incarcerated across the United States.
Commentary: 86th Texas State Legislature: Summaries of Water-related Legislative Action
Authors: Robbins Dean , Steinbach Stacey Allison , Martinsson Leah , Hightower Trent , Fowler Perry L. , Kramer Ken , Mullins Christopher
Published: March 2023

Editor-in-Chief’s Note: September 1 of every odd-numbered year is the date when new legislation from the most recent session of the Texas Legislature typically goes into effect. With this in mind, the Texas Water Journal invited five organizations that work closely with the Texas Legislature to provide their take on the changes to Texas water policy and law that were made during the 2019 session. The opinions expressed in these summaries are the opinions of the individual organizations and not the opinions of the Texas Water Journal or the Texas Water Resources Institute.Organizations:• Sierra Club, Lone Star Chapter and Save Our Springs Alliance• Texas Water Conservation Association• Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts• Texas Rural Water Association• Texas Water Infrastructure Network
Citation: Kramer K, Mullins C, Robbins D, Steinbach SA, Martinsson L, Hightower T, Fowler PL. 2019. Commentary: 86th Texas State Legislature: Summaries of Water-related Legislative Action. Texas Water Journal. 10(1):75-100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v10i1.7100.
Hydrologic Connectivity in the Edwards Aquifer between San Marcos Springs and Barton Springs during 2009 Drought Conditions
Authors: Land Larry F. , Hunt Brian B. , Smith Brian A. , Lemonds Paula Jo
Published: March 2023

A study of water level data collected during the 2009 drought was conducted to determine if there is a hydrologic connection between the San Antonio segment and Barton Springs segment of the Edwards Aquifer. These results showed con-tinuity in the direction of groundwater flow along a preferential groundwater flow zone from San Marcos Springs to Barton Springs during the drought. Using a USGS MODFLOW model, the flow passing San Marcos Springs and flowing toward Bar-ton Springs was estimated at about five cfs.
Near the city of Kyle, major discontinuities in hydraulic gradient and water levels were evident, which indicate a zone of relatively low transmissivity. Southwest of Kyle, an area of nearly flat water levels exists and is believed to be a zone of high transmissivity. Faults do not appear to be a controlling factor between the zones of relatively high and low transmissivity nor blockage or conduits of groundwater flow. Rapid population growth and increased water demands suggests a continual groundwater level monitoring program between San Marcos Springs and Buda to provide data for future local and regional hydrogeologic analyses.
Citation: LE Land, BB Hunt, BA Smith, PJ Lemonds. 2011. Hydrologic connectivity in the Edwards Aquifer between San Marcos Springs and Barton Springs during 2009 drought conditions. Texas Water Journal. 2(1):39-53. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v2i1.1951.
Floods in Central Texas, September 7–14, 2010
Authors: Winters Karl E.
Published: March 2023

Severe flooding occurred near the Austin metropolitan area in central Texas September 7–14, 2010, because of heavy rainfall associated with Tropical Storm Hermine. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Upper Brushy Creek Water Control and Improvement District, determined rainfall amounts and annual exceedance probabilities for rainfall resulting in flooding in Bell, Williamson, and Travis counties in central Texas during September 2010. We documented peak streamflows and the annual exceedance probabilities for peak streamflows recorded at several streamflow-gaging stations in the study area. The 24-hour rainfall total exceeded 12 inches at some locations, with one report of 14.57 inches at Lake Georgetown. Rainfall probabilities were estimated using previously published depth-duration frequency maps for Texas. At 4 sites in Williamson County, the 24-hour rainfall had an annual exceedance probability of 0.002. Streamflow measurement data and flood-peak data from U.S. Geological Survey surface-water monitoring stations (streamflow and reservoir gaging stations) are presented, along with a comparison of September 2010 flood peaks to previous known maximums in the periods of record. Annual exceedance probabilities for peak streamflow were computed for 20 streamflow-gaging stations based on an analysis of streamflow-gaging station records. The annual exceedance probability was 0.03 for the September 2010 peak streamflow at the Geological Survey’s streamflow-gaging stations 08104700 North Fork San Gabriel River near Georgetown, Texas, and 08154700 Bull Creek at Loop 360 near Austin, Texas. The annual exceedance probability was 0.02 for the peak streamflow for Geological Survey´s streamflow-gaging station 08104500 Little River near Little River, Texas. The lack of similarity in the annual exceedance probabilities computed for precipitation and streamflow might be attributed to the small areal extent of the heaviest rainfall over these and the other gaged watersheds.
Citation: Winters KE. 2012. Floods in Central Texas, September 7–14, 2010. Texas Water Journal. 3(1):14-25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v3i1.3292.
Groundwater Conservation District Finance in Texas: Results of a Preliminary Study
Authors: Porter, Jr. Charles R
Published: March 2023

The preferred method of groundwater management in Texas is by locally formed groundwater conservation districts (GCDs). However, not all of Texas groundwater is managed by a district; some areas have not voted to form a GCD. There are 99 GCDs in Texas with 2 pending; only 174 of the 254 counties are covered by a GCD. GCDs are financed by ad valorem taxes, fees, and grants. Not all GCDs have ad valorem tax support. Revenues from the responding GCDs in this study range from $20,000 annually to $2,632,982. Some cannot open their offices daily. All need money for research to determine the actual amount of groundwater in their district, its sources, and its characteristics. Tax rates for the GCDs with ad valorem tax authority in this study run from $.005/$100 valuation to $.035/$100 valuation, meaning a $200,000 home in these districts would pay from $10 to $70 annually, not as much as a few cups of Starbucks coffee cost annually. All Texans agree water is life and groundwater is one of our most precious resources, therefore GCDs deserve more financial resources. The Texas Water Code provides a number of tools for GCDs to finance their operations including ad valorem taxation levies, issuance of bonds, notes, and promulgation of fees to name a few. However, in many of the GCDs who responded to the study, these tools are not practical to use. Since ad valorem taxation and bond authority must be granted by local voter approval, these tools are unavailable in some GCDs as well.
Citation: Porter CR Jr. 2013. Groundwater conservation district finance in Texas: results of a preliminary study. Texas Water Journal. 4(1):55-77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v4i1.6445.
Freshwater inflow requirements for the Nueces Delta, Texas: Spartina alterniflora as an indicator of ecosystem condition
Authors: Stachelek Jemma , Dunton Kenneth H.
Published: March 2023

Estuarine wetlands and salt marshes are fundamentally driven by variations in freshwater inflow. However, many estuaries have been subject to a heavily modified hydrology due to flood protection engineering and the construction of upstream dams for municipal water supply. Assessment of the impacts of these activities on the health of estuarine wetlands has traditionally focused on tracking the abundance of economically important shellfish and finfish species. In this study, we examine fluctuations in the abundance of selected salt marsh plants and use this information to develop estimates of freshwater inflow needs. The impact of freshwater inflow events on 3 common emergent plants in the Nueces River Delta (Spartina alterniflora, Borrichia frutescens, Salicornia virginica) was determined from long-term monitoring of permanent census plots. Of the 3 species examined, Spartina alterniflora was determined to be the best indicator species because its abundance most closely tracked variations in freshwater inflow. For example, under low salinity conditions S. alterniflora cover approached 66%. However, when salinities exceeded 25‰, S. alterniflora cover declined rapidly. Our results provide clear evidence that the presence or absence of key plant indicator species (in this case S. alterniflora) is reflective of overall estuarine hydrological condition over time scales exceeding 6 months.
Citation: Stachelek J, Dunton KH. 2013. Freshwater inflow requirements for the Nueces Delta, Texas: Spartina alterniflora as an indicator of ecosystem condition. Texas Water Journal. 4(2):62-73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v4i2.6354.
Effects of an off-stream watering facility on cattle behavior and instream E. coli levels
Authors: Wagner Kevin L. , Redmon Larry A. , Gentry Terry J. , Harmel R. Daren , Knight Robert , Jones C. Allan , Foster Jamie L.
Published: March 2023

Excessive levels of fecal bacteria are the leading cause of water quality impairment in Texas, and livestock with direct access to water bodies are potentially a significant source of these bacteria. To help address this, the effect of providing alternative off-stream watering facilities to reduce manure, and thus bacterial, deposition in or near surface waters was evaluated from July 2007 to July 2009 in Clear Fork of Plum Creek in central Texas. An upstream-downstream, pre- and post-treatment monitoring design was used with off-stream water provided only during the second year of the study. Flow, Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration, and turbidity were measured twice monthly. Cattle movements were tracked quarterly using global positioning system collars to assess the effect of providing alternative water on cattle behavior. Results showed that when alternative off-stream water was provided, the amount of time cattle spent in the creek was reduced 43%. As a result, direct deposition of E. coli into Clear Fork of Plum Creek was estimated to be reduced from 1.11 × 107 to 6.34 × 106 colony forming units per animal unit per day. Observed pre- and post-treatment instream E. coli loads suggested similar reductions; however, these reductions were not statistically significant.
Citation: Wagner KL, Redmon LA, Gentry TJ, Harmel RD, Knight R, Jones CA, Foster JL. 2013. Effects of an off-stream watering facility on cattle behavior and instream E. coli levels. Texas Water Journal. 4(2):1-13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v4i2.6460.
Observed trends in air temperature, precipitation, and water quality for Texas reservoirs: 1960-2010
Authors: Gelca Rodica , Hayhoe Katharine , Scott-Fleming Ian
Published: March 2023

Changes in climate, environmental management, and land use can affect water quality in lakes and reservoirs. Here, we quantify observed trends in water temperature and water quality in the 57 Texas reservoirs that have sufficient data for the period 1960 to 2010. We also quantify trends in air temperature and precipitation at 120 long-term weather stations adjacent to those reservoirs. Annual average temperature, seasonal average temperature, and cold temperature extremes are all becoming warmer near many Texas reservoirs. These air temperature trends are highly correlated with observed increases in water temperature across the state. Slight statewide increases in annual and winter, spring, and summer precipitation have contributed to greater increases in precipitation intensity, which are moderated by increases in the average number of dry days per year. Changes in precipitation can affect runoff and evaporation rates, which may alter levels of salts and minerals in the lakes. In addition, local human activities could be an important contributor to the observed increases in pH and phosphorus across the state and changes in specific conductance, sulfate, and chloride throughout Texas.
Citation: Gelca R, Hayhoe K, Scott-Fleming I. 2014. Observed trends in air temperature, precipitation, and water quality forTexas reservoirs: 1960-2010. Texas Water Journal. 5(1):36-54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v5i1.7001.
Regulating unregulated groundwater in Texas: how the state could conquer this final frontier
Authors: Puig-Williams Vanessa
Published: March 2023

Texas has 9 major aquifers and 21 minor aquifers underlying the state. These aquifers are a vital water supply source in Texas, providing approximately 60% of the 16.1 million acre-feet of water used in the state annually. These underground waters also sustain surface water flow in rivers across Texas; thus, they are integral to the health of watersheds throughout the state and the economies that depend on this water. However, approximately one-third of Texas is not regulated by a groundwater conservation district. During a time of unparalleled pressure on groundwater resources across the state, the lack of groundwater protection in some areas of Texas is undermining important areas of law and policy—from property rights and natural resource protection, to groundwater management and regional water planning. The presence of a groundwater conservation district, however, does not guarantee effective management of groundwater resources or protection of private property rights, springflow, and surface water flow. Groundwater policy in Texas permits aquifers to be mined and fails to protect the property rights of landowners who wish to conserve their groundwater. In addition, a fragmented regulatory structure and insufficient funding for groundwater conservation districts impede effective management of groundwater resources. To bring effective groundwater management to areas of the state where groundwater conservation districts do not exist, therefore, Texas must resolve fundamental challenges in the way groundwater is managed in areas where it is regulated.
Citation: Puig-Williams V. 2016. Regulating unregulated groundwater in Texas: how the state could conquer this final frontier. Texas Water Journal. 7(1):85-96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v7i1.7039.
Book review: Bitter waters: the struggles of the Pecos River
Authors: McDonald Colin
Published: March 2023

Citation: McDonald C. 2016. Book review: Bitter waters: The struggles of the Pecos River. Texas Water Joural. 7(1):64-66. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v7i1.7043.
Book review: Water is for fighting over: a compilation of articles on water resource management in Texas
Authors: Mace Robert E.
Published: March 2023

Citation: Mace RE. 2016. Book review: Water is for fighting over: a compilation of articles on water resource management in Texas. Texas Water Journal. 7(1):67-68. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v7i1.7046.
Key Texas Senate and House water committee chairmen discuss water issues of the 85th Legislature
Authors: Perry Sen. Charles , Larson Rep. Lyle
Published: March 2023

Editor-in-Chief’s note: In every odd-numbered year, the Texas Legislature convenes in regular session for 140 days. With this in mind, the Texas Water Journal invited Senator Charles Perry, Chairman of the Senate Agriculture, Water & Rural Affairs Committee, and Representative Lyle Larson, Chairman of the House Natural Resources Committee, to discuss their priorities and visions for Texas water and the regular session of the 85th Texas Legislature. The opinions expressed in these commentaries are the opinions of the individuals and not the opinions of the Texas Water Journal or the Texas Water Resources Institute.
Citation: Perry C, Larson L. 2017. Key Texas Senate and House water committee chairmen discuss water issues of the 85th Legislature. Texas Water Journal. 8(1):13-17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v8i1.7057.
San Antonio’s Edwards Aquifer Protection Program: Review and Analysis
Authors: Romero Francine Sanders
Published: March 2023

The City of San Antonio’s Edwards Aquifer Protection Program utilizes land and conservation easement acquisitions to protect the quality and quantity of Edwards Aquifer recharge. This review considers four key components of its viability: (1) establishing and sustaining public appreciation of the need for the policy, (2) choosing the appropriate policy mechanism to address the problem, (3) establishing clear justifications for prioritization of purchases that prevent mission drift, and (4) demonstrating the program’s impact and effectiveness.
Overall, the analysis concludes that the program has been well adapted to the city’s need to protect the recharge and contributing zones beyond its regulatory jurisdiction. As such, it may serve as a significant model for other cities, particularly in Texas, where regulations may face legal and cultural resistance. The city has effectively educated the public on the value of this sales tax funded measure, even though some justification of its premises, such as inevitable development in western counties, remains subjective. A strong foundation is also evident, with a consistent focus on acquiring land that fits the original, narrow intent of the effort. An impediment to its continuation, however, may be the difficulty of presenting clear evidence of its success, a challenge for all policies designed to avert future harms to natural resources.
Citation: Romero FS. San Antonio's Edwards Aquifer Protection Program: Review and Analysis. Texas Water Journal. 9(1):1-15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v9i1.7063.
El rol docente y la investigación formativa, matiz desde la reflexión y generación de conocimientos
Authors: Colorado Pineda Yuliana , Rentería Moreno Luz Yolanda , Peralta Carvajal Juliana , Ibáñez Manjarres Valentina , Holguín Ruíz Jessica , Carvajal Loaiza Daniela , Buriticá Bolaños Andrea Stephania
Published: March 2023

El siglo XXI y las tendencias globalizadoras en todos los ámbitos en los quese desarrolla el ser humano promueven cambios y transformaciones históricos y sociales. Es pues el campo educativo y la formación de profesionales con habilidades y competencias investigativas los que lograrían marcar una diferencia en las prácticas formativas de futuros docentes, maestros con compromiso desde la difusión y la producción del saber a partir de reflexiones y posturas críticas que reconstruyan las realidades y logren resolver los diferentes cuestionamientos que surgen de las lecturas que se realizan de los diversos ambientes (García López, 2015), es por ello que el docente debe tener un matiz entre su profesión y el trabajo investigativo, en donde se inquiete continuamente por construir y generar sus propios conocimientos, análisis y conclusiones de ejercicios propios de lainvestigación, para así evitar la réplica de modelos anteriores en el área educativa que solo conllevan a la falta de interés y calidad educativa, evadiendo uno de los propósitos fundamentales de la formación de seres humanos como lo es el compromiso social, pues se debe tomar como punto de referencia la observación de un contexto particular y sus características, indagar en el pasado sobre las situaciones compiladas y recolectar todo ello para formar el pensamiento crítico y analítico, a partir de bases con fundamentos, lo cual es el resultado de un proceso de carácter investigativo.
Alteraciones en el control de los impulsos y la conducta suicida
Authors: Cortés Cortés Manuela , Velásquez Buitrago María Valentina , Tapias Medina Yesid Felipe , Carmona-Cardona César Andrés
Published: March 2023

El conocimiento sobre la conducta suicida comienza a tomar gran relevancia debido a la cantidad de vidas que se pierden a diario producto de este fenómeno. Así, cada vez son más las teorías neurocognitivas que pretenden explicar el suicidio, específicamente, aquellas que estudian el control inhibitorio, lo que genera más controversia en cuanto a si existe o no una relación directa. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es explorar el estado del conocimiento actual respecto al vínculo del control inhibitorio y la conducta suicida. A lo largo de esta investigación, se encontraron discrepancias en las cuales diversos autores consideran que existe relación entre la conducta suicida y el control inhibitorio, basados en los resultados de los instrumentos aplicados con relación a las funciones ejecutivas aplicadas. De igual manera, puede observarse que el debate se presenta cuando se evidencian bajas puntuaciones que indican un deterioro de la inhibición cognitiva en el comportamiento suicida, que fluctúan desde casos con ligeras diferencias ensujetos con ideación o intentos previos, hasta casos en los que se estima una alta conexión entre ambos.
Formación de investigadores en pregrado. Semillero de investigación comunicación digital y ciberculturas
Authors: Trejos-Gil Carlos Andrés , González-Callejas María Cecilia
Published: March 2023

En el ámbito universitario son muchos los estudiantes que tienen un perfilinvestigativo sin que se identifique siquiera por ellos mismos. Es menester delprofesorado incentivar a los jóvenes universitarios para que se motiven a ingresar a una formación investigativa que permita facultar habilidades adicionales en su formación académica, independiente de su profesión. Es por esto que surge la necesidad de una reflexión documental que consigne la situación actual de los universitarios sobre su displicencia hacia la investigación y proponer un semillero de investigación científica para estudiantes de Comunicación Social de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó como caso de estudio, con la respectiva fundamentación teórica y estructura organizacional que le permita servir a la comunidad académica de modelo para la creación de otros semilleros de investigación en otras universidadesrelacionadas con el área de conocimiento de las ciencias sociales y humanidades.
La ciencia exclusiva… para el servicio de todos al alcance de unos
Authors: Carmona-Cardona César Andrés , Montoya-Osorio Camila
Published: March 2023

El imaginario común en el ambiente investigativo es que la divulgación científica está al margen de la tarea real de la ciencia y ésta es únicamente la generación de nuevo conocimiento, validado por la importancia que se les otorga a aspectos como la publicación en revistas top o en general indexadas por los grandes índices o editoriales.
La importancia de la investigación en el ejercicio académico
Authors: Tapias Medina Yesid Felipe
Published: March 2023

La formación en investigación permite fortalecer habilidades, competencias yestrategias como la disciplina, el compromiso, la responsabilidad, el trabajocolaborativo, la curiosidad, la creatividad, entre otras habilidades que no sóloposibilitan desarrollar una formación integral de los profesionales, sino que también permiten mejorar los indicadores de producción de conocimiento que puedan aportar a la cultura investigativa y todos los beneficios que esto conlleva para la comunidad académica y la sociedad en general.
Stable and Thermo-Responsive Dextran Sulfate-Graft-PNIPAm Amphiphilic Nanoparticles for Potential Target Methotrexate Delivery
Authors: dos Santos Aline , da Silva Emerson , Montenegro Raquel , de Sousa Jeanlex , de Paula Regina , Feitosa Judith
Published: March 2023

Thermo-responsive copolymers grafted with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) are excellent candidates for drug release. Dextran sulfate (DS) acts as a specific ligand in inflamed regions, turning it highly useful as a target for drug delivery. DS was associated with NIPAm to produce amphiphilic graft copolymers prepared via free radicals. The molar ratio of feed reagents NIPAm/DS varied from 1 (DS-g-PNIPAm) to 4 (DS-g-4PNIPAm). The synthesis was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)). All copolymers showed self-organization capacity in an aqueous medium in temperatures higher than 34 °C, and sizes less than 300 nm. DS-g-3PNIPAm exhibited stability in water and in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed their spherical shape. This copolymer showed specificity to leukemic cells, and normal cells’ proliferation. Methotrexate (MTX) is a very low water-soluble drug used for rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Unfortunately, MTX have severe collateral effects. MTX-loaded nanoparticles can overcome such issues as well as enhance bioactivity and stability. The MTX was encapsulated and delivered from the DS-g-3PNIPAm with potential target delivery due to the presence of DS. Comparison with MTX encapsulated in other nanoparticles reveals that the DS-g-PNIPam presents the best performance among the thermoresponsive and the second among the target MTX nanocarriers.
Digital Development of Financial Ecosystems: Strategic Issues
Authors: Fedulova Elena , Starodubtseva Alina , Vervein Dmitry
Published: March 2023

The ecosystem of digital development of a financial enterprise is a strategically important scientific and methodological task. World practice shows that ecosystems are the strategic future of the economy that are able to transform traditional business. Seven of the ten largest global companies are ecosystem companies. In the medium term, ecosystems will account for a significant part of the national and global gross product. The global ecosystem trend is also developing in Russia. Under these conditions, large systemically important banks, e.g., the Sberbank, have to face new challenges. The article describes the role of the ecosystem strategy with its technological capabilities and risks in the paradigm of the digital economy in the case of the Sberbank. It introduces a new algorithm that can be applied to test the trends, opportunities, and limitations of the ecosystem and digital transformation of a financial organization. The analysis relied on the strategy theory and strategizing methodology developed by V.L. Kvint. Keywords: ecosystem, digital transformation, strategic trends, digital development, OTSW-analysis, strategizing, financial organization
Robot-assisted laser thermography: towards automatic characterization of surface defects
Authors: Nelson W. Pech-May , Hirsch Philipp , Ziegler Mathias
Published: March 2023

By means of laser thermography, surface defects, in particular surface-breaking cracks, can be detected with high sensitivity. Basically, this requires a focused heat source (high-power laser), a thermographic camera and a relative movement between laser and test object, as well as a suitable evaluation algorithm to distinguish between surface defects and defect-free areas. In this paper we report on a method in which the relative motion is realised by a robot to fully inspect large and non-planar test objects such as turbine blades. We show the influence of the excitation laser, which can be varied in terms of spot geometry, wavelength, and scan scheme, and we demonstrate our evaluation algorithms with the aim of automatically detecting surface defects
Detection of internal defects applying photothermal super resolution reconstruction utilizing two-dimensional high-power random pixel patterns
Authors: Lecompagnon Julien , Hirsch Philipp , Rupprecht Christian , Ziegler Mathias
Published: March 2023

In this work, we report a new experimental approach in conjunction with 2D photothermal super resolution reconstruction. We use modern high-power laser projector technology to repeatedly excite the sample surface photothermally with varying spatially structured 2D pixel patterns. In the subsequent (blind) numerical reconstruction, multiple measurements are combined by exploiting the joint-sparse nature of the defects within the specimen using nonlinear convex optimization methods. As a result,a 2D-sparse defect/inhomogeneity map can be obtained. Using such spatially structured heating combined with compressedsensing and computational imaging methods allows to significantly reduce the experimental complexity and to study larger testsurfaces as compared to the one-dimensional approach reported earlier
Thermographic inspection system for micro-perforated metal sheets in hybrid laminar ow control wings
Authors: Venegas P , Velasco J , Sánchez R , Martín R , Sáez De Ocáriz I
Published: March 2023

The reduction of emissions in air transport is a matter of high importance nowadays. Great efforts are being devoted to various lines of research to achieve the goal of a zero-emission aircraft by 2050. Among the main lines of work to reduce emissions in the aviation sector is the development of Hybrid Laminar Flow Control technology. Motivated by this goal, a monitoring system capable of detecting anomalies in the micro-perforations used in this ow control technology has been developed in this study. This system was based on the combination of infrared thermography and deep learning, and provided highly satisfactory results
Dynamic infrared thermography for skin lesion screening
Authors: Verstockt Jan , Verspeek Simon , Thiessen Filip , Tjalma Wiebren A , Brochez Lieve , Steenackers Gunther
Published: March 2023

Infrared thermography technology has improved dramatically in recent years and is gaining renewed interest in medicine for applications such as skin tissue identification, breast reconstruction using DIEP flaps, psoriasis etc. However, there is still a need for an optimized measurement setup and protocol to acquire the most appropriate images for decision-making and further processing. Nowadays, different cooling methods are used, but a general optimized cooling protocol has not been defined yet. In this manuscript, a standardized cooling technique and measurement setup, are reviewed and optimized. It is possible to improve the thermal images by choosing an appropriate cooling method, cooling, and optimized measurement setup
Method and test stand for calibrating the thermal imaging camera
Authors: Sosnowski T , Kastek M , Bieszczad G , Gogler S , Więcek B , Strąkowski R , Felczak M
Published: March 2023

Thermal imaging cameras are being used in more and more areas of science, technology and life. The result of this is the growing production of thermal imaging cameras that need to be calibrated and their parameters assessed. This paper presents test stands and methods for measuring parameters and calibrating thermal imaging cameras to test and determine the correctness of their operation, as well as to objectively evaluate and compare their parameters