bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Mortality Rate Variable Construction for Country-level Analysis
Authors: Ahamad Mazbahul , Ahmed Monir
Published: January 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality rate has been widely
discussed and is considered the primary variable of interest for
existing country-level studies, using data from secondary sources (Di
Gennaro et al., 2020; Hopman, Allegranzi, & Mehtar, 2020).
COVID-19 and neurological research: potential impact and needs for invigoration
Authors: Kumari Puja , Sandhu Arushi , Saha Lekha
Published: January 2024

The current COVID-19 pandemic is affecting public health and economy
worldwide. This pandemic has also affected the working and management
strategies of clinical practices, healthcare centres, academics, and
research centres. The academic and research institutions, students, and
research scholars are diverging towards the online platform such as zoom
and google meet for teaching, discussing, and sharing knowledge and
ideas. Hospitals have also started following the concept of telemedicine
for prescribing medicines to patients. In the current situation, on one
side the research related to COVID-19 is conducted at an unprecedented
rate whereas on the other side the research concerned with other fields
including the CNS research is affected adversely. Initially, during the
lockdown, the research activities were resumed, and even after the
lockdown is withdrawn the situations are no longer better. It is very
challenging to carry out the research activities at an adequate pace
keeping in view the present pandemic situation.
Regulatory T cell mediates IL-17 suppression in human visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Kumar Prabin , Saurabh Abhinav , Chowdhury Kaustav , Thakur Chandreshwar , Rishi Narayan , Mitra Dipendra
Published: January 2024

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disseminated protozoan infection of the
lymphoreticular system. The disease manifestation appears owing to a
severe defect in the immune system of the host. Understanding the immune
status (especially IL-17) and their cross-regulation in light of Treg
dominant suppressive milieu is imperative in visceral leishmaniasis
patients. The present study was carried out in peripheral blood samples
of thirty-four VL patients. We observed a significantly low percentage
frequency of IL-17A+CD4+T cells and IL-17RA expression on monocytes; in
contrast significantly higher percentage frequency of activated T cells,
Treg cells and IL-10RA expression was observed on T cell subsets and
monocytes of VL patients. Further, the activated T cell frequency
positively correlated with Treg cell frequency while negatively
correlated with T effector cells frequency. Furthermore, the rescue of
IL-17A+CD4 T cells was observed in absence of Treg cells and the
blocking of IL-10 and TGF-β in vitro. Moreover, suppressive cytokines
down-regulate IL-17RA expression on monocytes. Our results suggest that
Treg cells possibly play a dominant role in dampening the effector
immune response; abrogation of Treg milieu may help in the significant
rescue of protective T cell response that may help in immune restoration
among visceral leishmaniasis patients.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dublin Sascha , Akosile Mary , Avalos Lyndsay , Cheetham T. Craig , Easterling Thomas , Chen Lu , Holt Victoria , Nance Nerissa , Bider-Canfield Zoe , Neugebauer Romain , Reynolds Kristi , Badon Sylvia , Shortreed Susan
Published: January 2024

Objective: To compare maternal and infant outcomes with different
antihypertensive medications in pregnancy Design: Retrospective cohort
study Setting: Kaiser Permanente, a large US healthcare system.
Population: Women aged 15-49 years with a singleton birth from 2005-2014
treated for hypertension. Methods: We identified medication exposure
from automated pharmacy data based on the earliest dispensing after the
first prenatal visit. Using logistic regression, we calculated weighted
outcome prevalences, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence
intervals, with inverse probability of treatment weighting to address
confounding. Main outcome measures: Small for gestational age (SGA),
preterm delivery, neonatal and maternal intensive care unit (ICU)
admission, preeclampsia, and stillbirth or termination at >
20 weeks. Results: Among 6346 deliveries, 87% with chronic
hypertension, the risk of SGA (birthweight < 10th percentile)
was lower with methyldopa than labetalol (prevalence 13.6% vs. 16.6%;
aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.92). For birthweight < 3rd
percentile the aOR was 0.57 (0.39 to 0.80). Compared with labetalol
(26.0%), risk of preterm delivery was similar for methyldopa (26.5%;
aOR 1.10 [0.95 to 1.27]) and slightly higher for nifedipine (28.5%;
aOR 1.25 [1.06 to 1.46]) and other β-blockers (31.2%; aOR 1.58
[1.07 to 2.23]). NICU admission was more common with nifedipine than
labetalol (25.9% vs. 23.3%, aOR 1.21 [1.02 to 1.43]) but not
elevated with methyldopa. Risks of other outcomes did not differ by
medication. Conclusions: Risk of most outcomes was similar comparing
labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine. SGA risk was substantially lower
for methyldopa, suggesting this medication may warrant further
consideration.
Existence of Positive Solution of Superlinear nonlinear second-order q-difference equations
Authors: Rout Sandip
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider the existence of positive solutions of second
order q-difference boundary value problem D^2_q y(t) + λ
f(t,y(t)),~~ a < t <
b, with boundary conditions α y(a) - β D_q
y(a)=0,\\ γ y(b) + δ D_q y(b)=0, where
λ>0. An attempt has been to establish the existence of a
positive solution to the above boundary value problem. Here, we are
using fixed point theorems in a cone to obtain the existence of the
positive solution of the above q-difference boundary value problem, when
f(t, y) is superlinear. This is the new approach to establish the
existence of a positive solution of q-difference equations.
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in China from 2020 to 2021
Authors: Zhuang Hong , Sun LeiLei , Wang Xiaobo , Xiao Min , Zeng Long , Wang Haoran , Yang Hongfu , Lin Feng , Wang Chuang , Qin Liting , Wang Chengbao
Published: January 2024

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enteric coronavirus, has
become the major causative agent of acute gastroenteritis in piglets
since 2010 in China. Given a raised interest in the mutation and
recombination of viral genomes, the genetic and antigenic
characteristics of PEDV should be continuously investigated. In the
current study, 91 complete spike (S) gene sequences were obtained from
PEDV positive samples collected from17 provinces in China from March
2020 to March 2021. A phylogenetic analysis showed that 92.3% (84 out
of 91) of the identified strains belonged to GII subtype, while 7.7 %
(7 out of 91) were categorized as S-INDEL like strains and grouped
within GI-c clade. Based on a recombination analysis, six of S-INDEL
like strains were recombinant strains originated from S-INDEL strain
FR/001/2014 and vaccine strain AJ1102. In addition, PEDV variant strains
carrying novel insertions (360QGRKS364 and 1278VDVF1281) in the S
protein were observed. Furthermore, the deduced amino acid sequences
analysis for the S protein showed that multiple amino acid substitutions
in the neutralizing domain (COE) and three neutralizing epitopes (S1
, SS6, 2C10) were found as compared with the vaccine
strains (CV777 and AJ1102). The recombination of field and vaccine
strains, along with variation of antigenic epitopes, might affect the
virulence and antigenicity of PEDV, thus resulting in a failure of
immunization. In conclusion, these data provide novel molecular
evidences on the epidemiology and molecular diversity of PEDV in
2020–2021. This information may help design a strategy for controlling
and preventing the prevalence of PEDV variant strains in China.
Ovine Endoscopic Ear Surgery - Accessible Smartphone-Based Training Model
Authors: Tamir Sharon , Schwarz Yehuda , Gluck Ofer , Alkire Blake , Marom Tal , Kraus Oded
Published: January 2024

Background: Understanding middle ear anatomy, in addition to endoscopic
surgical skill acquisition, is an arduous task. Mastering 3-dimensional
conceptualization as well as surgical dexterity may take many years. The
coronavirus pandemic has made training difficult and complicated due to
social distancing and risk of aerosolized viral spread in cadaver
dissection. Objectives: We suggest a smartphone-based endoscope ovine
head cadaveric dissection which is a simple, safe, and affordable
training model for residents as an initial step in otologic endoscopic
surgery training. Design: A stepwise depiction of endoscopic ovine
middle ear surgery; from cadaver and equipment acquisition, setting
preparation, to surgical explanation and procedural steps. Results:
Smartphone-based endoscopic otological ovine dissections provide
comprehensive anatomical understanding, middle ear proprioception, as
well as a “safe” practicing model for diverse middle ear procedures
for the novice endoscopic surgeon. Conclusions: The ovine cadaver
otological smartphone-based endoscopic surgery training model is an
affordable, easy, reproducible, and transportable model, which makes it
an ideal model from implementation in both low-middle and high-income
countries.
The Development of Time Conformal Plane Symmetric Gravitational Waves Spacetimes
Authors: Ali Dr. Farhad
Published: January 2024

In this article we are going to present a general procedure for
inserting a time conformal factor in the general plane symmetric static
spacetime, to it non static. The gravitational waves are plane symmetric
and non static, therefore this development will help to understand the
phenomenon of formation of gravitational waves. We know that the
gravitational waves decay with the passage of time. Its mass-energy
momentum tensor must depends on time. To get a time dependent
mass-energy momentum tensor we have to insert a time dependent conformal
factor in plane symmetric static spacetime. For this purpose we use the
Noether symmetry equation and obtain a particular time dependent
conformal factor without losing the plane symmetry of the said
spacetime. We define a theorem in this regard, which will works for all
general plane symmetric distributions.
Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most Cited Dental Articles on COVID-19
Authors: Daltaban Özlem , Türker Nurullah
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify and characterize the 100 most
cited dental articles on COVID-19. Materials and Methods: We searched
the Web of Science core collection database to identify the 100
most-cited dental articles on COVID-19 in the category of ”Dentistry,
Oral Surgery and Medicine” on May 09, 2021. Among the included top most
cited articles, the following parameters were recorded and analyzed:
article title, publication date, authorship, institution and country of
origin, journals, with its impact factor and quartile, number of
citations, study design, study topic, and level of evidence (LOE).
Results: The mean citation count of the 100 most-cited dental articles
on COVID-19 was 32.77 (range 4-750). Four papers were cited more than
100 times. The most productive countries were the USA and China. The
Sichuan University from China was the most cited institution. Although
521 authors from 32 different countries contributed to the articles,
only 28% had international collaborations. The Journal of Dental
Research has the most publications (n=10). The most common study type
was narrative reviews (n=38) followed by cross-sectional studies (n=26).
Of the 100 most-cited articles, 50 were of LOE VII and 32 LOE V. The
recent focuses of the articles were saliva, mouth-washes, oral health,
and dental education. Conclusion: According to our analysis, the
co-authorship network of the studies is not sufficiently strong.
Establishing international cooperation between researchers may increase
the quality of future research on COVID-19.
The effect of continuous PEEP administration during surfactant instillation on cerebral hemodynamics in intubated preterm infants: a NIRS study
Authors: Bezirganoglu Handan , Okur Nilufer , Buyuktiryaki Mehmet , Oguz Suna , Canpolat Fuat , Şimşek Gülsüm , Kanmaz Gozde
Published: January 2024

Objective: There is an ongoing debate about the best and comfortable way
to administer surfactant. We hypothesized that uninterrupted respiratory
support and continuous PEEP implementation while instilling surfactant
via endotracheal tube (ETT) with side port will result in higher
regional cerebral tissue oxygenation (rcSO2) and the alterations in
cerebral hemodynamics will be minimal. Methods: Preterm infants who
required intubation in the delivery room and/or in the first 24 hours of
life with gestational age <32 were enrolled. Patients were
intubated either via conventional ETT or ETT with side port (Vygon®)
with appropriate sizes. Following NICU admission a NIRS probe placed on
the forehead and each infant were monitored with NIRS.In conventional
ETT group, patients separated from the ventilator while surfactant was
instilled. In ETT with side port group respiratory support was not
interrupted during instillation. Heart rate, oxygen saturations, rcSO2,
cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE) and blood pressures
were recorded. Results: A total of 46 infants analyzed. Surfactant was
instilled with conventional ETT in 23 and ETT with side port in 23
infants. Birthweights (1037±238 vs 1152±277g) and gestational ages
(28±2.3 vs 29±1.6weeks) did not differ between groups. During
instillation of surfactant, rcSO2 levels [61.5 (49-90) vs 70
(48-85)] and cFTOE levels 0.28 (0.10-0.44) vs 0.23 (0.03-0.44)] were
similar (p=0.58 and 0.82 respectively). Conclusion: Interruption of
respiratory support during surfactant instillation did not significantly
alter the cerebral tissue oxygenation. These results did not support our
hypothesis possibly due to small sample size and should be confirmed
with further studies.
Related Factors Of Suicides In Turkey
Authors: INANC Betül BATTALOGLU
Published: January 2024

Aim: In this study, reported suicide cases between 2013 to 2017 in
Turkey was investigated to the interest of marital status, gender,
educational attainment, and causes. Material and Methods: Data was
performed by using the Turkish Statistical Institute National Databases.
The study variables analyzed were years, sex, cause of suicide,
educational attainment, and marital status. Chi-square analysis,
correlation, and regression analysis were used to compare outcomes of
suicides among study variables. Results: The most common causes of
suicide among people who live in Turkey were, unknown reasons, illness,
other reasons and, economic problems. When we examine total suicides
number by educational level respectively; Primary school, primary
education, and then high school and equivalent attainment were more; on
the other hand by legal marital status married and never married persons
were found mostly. The level of education (P=0,000) and marital status
(P=0,001) of the people were influential on suicide. Discussion: Without
forgetting that the causes of suicides’ are been multifactorial; marital
status and educational attainment may affect suicides.
Psychometric properties of questionnaires to assess evidence-based practice among occupational, physical and speech therapists -- A systematic review
Authors: Balzer Julia , Jung Andrés , Gerhard Janina , Reinecke Sarah , Mijic Marco , Jahja Akram , Eggert Marieke , Koch Maren , Ernst Kathrin , Fichtmüller Andrea , Haring Robin
Published: January 2024

i) Rationale, aims and objectives Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a
well-known core healthcare competence, but the clinical implementation
is complex. To be able to facilitate EBP implementation, valid
measurement of the “EBP-status quo” is essential. Therefore, we aimed
to identify valid tools for EBP status assessment among health
practitioners in Germany. ii) Methods The databases MEDLINE (via
Pubmed), Cochrane and PEDro were systematically searched until July
2019, to update a previous review from 2013. Methodological quality and
evidence level was scored by two independent raters via: i)
COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement
INstruments (COSMIN) checklist, ii) updated criteria for good
measurement properties, and iii) modified GRADE criteria. iii) Results
Overall, 3.467 studies were identified with 20 different
EBP-questionnaires included in 38 studies on EBP tool development and/or
validation. Most questionnaires demonstrated moderate or low-quality
evidence for the psychometric properties tested. While validity
properties (content, structural and cross-cultural) were assessed more
frequently, reliability was tested in 20% of the questionnaires and
responsiveness in one tool. iv) Conclusion Although a lack of
high-quality psychometric properties of EBP-tools became apparent, the
“Evidence-Based Practice Inventory” (EBPI) appears to be the best
validated and reliable tool for a survey among German health
practitioners.
Validation of the new microarray platform ALEX for specific IgE detection of respiratory and plant-food allergens
Authors: Quan Paola , Sabate-Bresco Marina , D'Amelio Carmen , Pascal Mariona , GARCIA BLANCA , Gastaminza Gabriel , Blanca-Lopez Natalia , Alvarado Maria , Fernandez Javier , Moya Carmen , Bartra Joan , Ferrer Marta , Goikoetxea Maria
Published: January 2024

Background: As the use of multiplex specific IgE (sIgE) detection
methods becomes increasingly widespread, proper comparative validation
assessments of emerging new platforms are vital. The objective of this
study was to assess the clinical and technical performance of the ALEX
platform (MacroArray Diagnostics), in comparison to the ImmunoCAP ISAC
112 microarray and the ImmunoCAP singleplex method (ThermoFisher
Scientific) in the diagnosis of pollen (cypress, grass, olive), dust
mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Alternaria alternata, fruit (apple,
peach) and nut (walnut, hazelnut and peanut) allergy. Methods: We
enrolled 153 allergic patients and 16 non-atopic controls. sIgE assays
were conducted using ISAC112, ALEX version 2 (ALEX2), and ImmunoCAP for
whole extracts and major components. Technical validation of ALEX2 was
performed by measuring repeatability and inter-assay, inter-batch and
inter-lab reproducibility. Results: When measured globally (detection by
one or more allergen components), ALEX2 showed adequate sensitivity and
specificity for most of the allergens studied, comparable in general to
that of ISAC112 (except for olive pollen and walnut) and similar to that
of ImmunoCAP whole extract measurements. Component-by-component analysis
showed comparable results for all techniques, except for Ole e 1 and Jug
r 3 in both ISAC112 and ImmunoCAP comparisons, and Alt a 1, when
compared with ISAC112. Continuous sIgE levels correlate with sIgE by
ImmunoCAP. Good reproducibility and repeatability were observed for
ALEX2. Conclusions: ALEX2 shows sound technical performance, and
adequate diagnostic capacity, comparable in general to that of ISAC112
and ImmunoCAP for some aeroallergens and plant-food allergies in
Mediterranean patients.
Statistical and Spectral Analysis of Wind Power: Fractional Oscillation Dynamics
Authors: Belo Abelito Filipe , Shimakawa Koichi
Published: January 2024

Time-dependent changes of the wind speed, as an example in Hera Campus
(East Timor), are analyzed by the statistical and the autocorrelation
function in time domain and by the frequency spectrum (frequency domain)
using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The wind speed can be modeled
using the Weibull distribution function. The autocorrelation function in
time domain shows roughly a non-exponential decay with periodicity. The
power spectrum shows two peaks and nearly 1/f  nature at high
frequencies, closing to the Kolmogorov prediction with  = 5/3. A
Cole-Davidson type generalization of wind dynamics, originating from the
fractional dynamics of oscillation, may be useful for analyzing wind
power.
Macrophages-derived, LRG1-enriched extracellular vesicles exacerbate aristolochic acid nephropathy via a TGFβR1-dependent manner
Authors: Jiang Wenjuan , Dong Jiahui , Du Changlin , Xu Songbing , Feng Rui , Huang Cheng , Ma Taotao
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a
progressive kidney disease caused by some herbal medicines, but
treatment remains ineffective. We previously found NADPH oxidases 4
(NOX4), which regulates oxidative stress, play an important role in
kidney injury model. However, its regulatory mechanism of action in AAN
is still obscure. Experimental Approach: In this study, we established
AAN model in vivo, a co-culture system of macrophage and TEC, and
macrophage/TEC conditioned media culture model in vitro respectively.
Key Results: We found macrophages infiltration promoted
injury，oxidative stress and apoptosis of TEC. Furthermore, the role of
macrophage in AAN was dependent on macrophages-derived EV. Importantly,
we found that macrophages-derived, Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein
1(LRG1)-enriched EV induced TEC injury and apoptosis of via a
TGFβR1-dependent process. Mechanistically, macrophages-derived,
LRG1-enriched EV mediating TECs injury by upregulating NOX4 in AAN
model. Conclusion and Implications: We identified EV as a potential link
between macrophage-mediated inflammation and AAI-induced TEC oxidative
stress and apoptosis. This study may help design a better therapeutic
strategy to treat AAN patients.
Assessing the climate change effects on climate variables and meteorological drought using the Climate Change Toolkit in Karkheh River Basin, Iran
Authors: Mokhtari Fahimeh , Honarbakhsh Afshin , Soltani Saeed , Abdollahi Khodayar , Pajoohesh Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Drought appears as an environmentally integral part of climate change.
This study is designed to investigate the effect of climate change on
meteorological drought in the Karkheh River Basin in near future
(2071-2043), and distant future (2100-2072) periods. The outputs of
GFDL-ESM2, HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, MIROC and NoerESM1-M models were
downscaled under the RCP 2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios using the Climate
Change Toolkit (CCT) at 17 meteorological stations. To assess the
uncertainty of the models and scenarios, the model outputs of the two
future periods were compared with the base of the corresponding period
using R2, RMSE, MAE indices. The best performing models were chosen for
precipitation and maximum temperature, minimum temperature i.e.
GFDL-ESM2, HadGEM2-ES and MIROC, respectively. An index, the standard
precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) was also produced using
the combination of all five models and under both scenarios. The climate
change-induced changes were investigated by comparing the simulated data
of the near and distant future periods with the statistics of the base
period. The results showed that the basin annual precipitation will
likely increase in both future periods, particularly in the near future.
The annual maximum and minimum temperatures may also increase especially
in the distant future. The rise in the maximum temperature will be
possibly greater than the minimum temperature. Seasonal changes in
maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation indicate that the
greatest increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation may occur
in summer. Hence meteorological drought was also found to increase in
the distant future.
Prenatal outcomes of patients with Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Authors: Vijay Christy , Thomas Annamma , M Angeline
Published: January 2024

Design: Original Article Objective: • To determine the perinatal
outcomes of neonates born of AFLP mother. • To determine the mode of
delivery which has least maternal and fetal complications Setting:
Tertiary care hospital, South India. Sample Size: All women diagnosed
with AFLP over a five year period. Methods: A record review of the past
5 years (January 1, 2014, to 30, December 2020). Presence of clinical
signs, altered biochemical parameters and exclusion of other causes of
icterus in pregnancy were considered. Results: A mean age of 25.74+3.7
years were noticed among the women diagnosed with AFLP. Majority of the
women, 14 (73.68%) were below the age of 30 years and with a
gestational age of more than 37 weeks (68.42%). An equal number of
primigravidae (52.63%) and multiparous (47.3) women were found to
present with AFLP. The mean blood loss at the time of delivery (LSCS or
vaginal delivery) was 500.00+ 575.The most relied upon treatment during
admission was with Fresh Frozen Plasma transfusion (Mean: 7.00+9),
followed by platelet transfusion (Mean:2.37+3.515), PRBC transfusion
(Mean:2.21+3.691), Cryo Precipitate transfusion (Mean:0.0+2). Nine
(47.37%) were delivered through emergency LSCS. Conclusion: The study
showed a higher maternal mortality rate of 21% in comparison to other
studies. Showing the need for diagnosis of AFLP with multiple scoring
systems and a refined guideline to improve the perinatal outcome with
rapid diagnosis and treatment. Funding: No funding
ORAL NIFEDIPINE AND INTRAVENOUS LABETALOL FOR HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES IN PREGNANCY : A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Gahlot Ankita , Vyas Jyotsna , K Ekta
Published: January 2024

Background - Hypertensive emergency in pregnancy is defined as
persistent acute-onset, severe hypertension (Systolic BP
>160 mmHg or diastolic BP >110 mmHg or both)
in the setting of preeclampsia or eclampsia. Objective - Compare safety
and efficacy of oral nifedipine and intravenous labetalol for acute
blood pressure control in hypertensive emergencies of pregnancy Study
design – a randomised comparative hospital based study conducted in
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
from April 2018 to Nov 2018. Sample - 80 women with hypertensive
emergencies Method- Divided into 2 groups of 40 each. Nifedipine grp
received 10mg tab every 20 min till maximum of 5 doses and labetalol grp
was given iv labetalol in escalating doses of 20, 40, 40,80 and 80mg
every 20 min till a target BP was achieved. Main outcome measures –
Better treatment for Hypertensive emergencies of pregnancy Results – In
our study, mean time required to achieve target BP in nifedipine and
labetalol group was 45+14.84 and 54+18.22 minutes (p value 0.018)
respectively. Mean decrease in SBP after treatment was 59 ± 21.1 mmHg in
Nifedipine group as compared to 42.25 ± 22.7 mmHg in Labetalol (p-value
= 0.001). Also the mean decrease in DBP in nifedipine group was 37.5 ±
11.49 mmHg as compared to 27.75 ± 15.34 mmHg in labetalol group(p-value
= 0.001). There were no significant differences between side effects and
fetomaternal outcome. Conclusion- Oral Nifedipine controls hypertension
more rapidly and with fewer doses and is as safe as iv Labetalol.
Core-shell nanowires of Cu@CuFe Prussian blue based non-enzymatic sensor for ultrasensitive recognition of ascorbic acid
Authors: Feng Jingyu , Liu Yu , Shan Yuansheng , Chu Zhenyu , Jin Wanqin
Published: January 2024

Ascorbic acid (AA) is an important deoxidizer contained in food, drink
and medicine. However, existing detection methods are time-consuming,
expensive and complex in the industrial production and quality testing.
In order to address above issue, we proposed a core-shell nanowires
constructed non-enzymatic sensor to achieve the highly sensitive and
selective recognition of AA with a long-term reusability. The core-shell
architecture was composed of Cu-Fe Prussian blue of 10 nm thickness
covering 30 nm Cu nanowire. This nanocomposite couples advances of Cu
and Prussian blue to possess both high electrocatalysis and electron
transfer rate. The as-prepared AA sensor shows an excellent sensitivity
with an ultrawide linear range from 0.01 to 3.5 mM, together with the
remarkable anti-interference and reusable ability beyond 30 days. Used
for four kinds of juice and bear as real samples, this sensor had
accurately and rapidly reported the AA concentration with a good
recovery.
Title: How to manage Ebstein’s anomaly in pregnancy: Literature Review with case study
Authors: Nematollahi Alireza , Movahedi Minoo , Bahrami Parvin , Safari Farima
Published: January 2024

Objectives of the review: Ebstein’s anomaly (EA) is an uncommon,
congenital heart malformation that occurs in 1% of congenital heart
disease cases. Depending on the severity of anatomical malformations,
and haemodynamic consequence, also some anomalies which are associated
with EA, natural history and the clinical presentation of patients is
extremely variable. How to manage these patients during pregnancy or
approach to patients who are planning to become pregnant is an important
issue. Methods used to conduct the review: Here, we review of the
literatures existing on this subject to discuss how to approach to
Ebstein’s anomaly in pregnancy or known patients who plans for pregnancy
also report three different real cases of Ebstein’s anomaly in pregnancy
for better description this subject. Findings of the review: Pregnancy
in Ebstein’s anomaly, is well tolerated most of the time, However, the
maternal risks of pregnancy co-relate well with the severity of
anatomical malformations also presence of cyanosis or simultaneous other
cardiac anomalies. Interpretations and implications of the findings:
Pregnant patients with complex congenital heart disease requires close
follow up in expert centers. This manuscript provides excellent examples
of well managed patients that may help the clinicians for approach to
theses patient specially in preconception visit
Research on a Class of First-Order Nonlinear Nonhomogeneous Variable Coefficient Ordinary Differential Equations Based on Elastic Transformation
Authors: Dong Xiaoxu , Liu Qun , Li Wenjing , Li Shun , Xia Xing
Published: January 2024

This paper mainly studies the problem of solving a class of first-order
nonlinear non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations with variable
coefficients， which can be transformed into solvable second-order
linear homogeneous variable coefficient ordinary differential equations
using elastic transformation. Firstly, the paper uses elastic
transformation to upgrade a class of first-order nonlinear
non-homogeneous variable coefficient ordinary differential equations to
second-order linear homogeneous variable coefficient ordinary
differential equations, and then the general solution expression of this
first-order differential equation is obtained by using the general
solution of the second-order linear homogeneous ordinary differential
equation with variable coefficients, elastic transformation and related
operation rules. Secondly, according to the solving process of
first-order nonlinear non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations
with variable coefficients, the steps for solving such differential
equations are summarized. Finally, examples are given to prove that it
is effective, simple and feasible to solve the first-order nonlinear
non-homogeneous ordinary differential equation with variable
coefficients by elastic transformation. The research in this paper
provides a new idea for solving a class of first-order nonlinear
non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations with variable
coefficients.
Non-canonical endogenous expression of voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 subtype by the TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cell line
Authors: Ngum Neville , Aziz Muhammad , Wall Richard , Duce Ian , Mellor Ian
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: The human TE671 cell line was originally used as
a model of medulloblastoma but has since been reassigned as
rhabdomyosarcoma. Despite the characterised endogenous expression of
voltage-sensitive sodium currents in these cells, the specific
voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) subtype underlying these currents
remains unknown. Experimental Approach: To profile the VGSC subtype in
undifferentiated TE671 cells, endpoint and quantitative reverse
transcription-PCR and whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology were
performed. Key Results: qRT-PCR profiling revealed that expression of
the SCN9A gene was 215-fold greater than the SCN4A gene and over
400-fold greater than any of the other VGSC genes. Elicited sodium
currents had a mean amplitude of 2.6 ± 0.7 nA with activation and fast
inactivation V50s of −31.9 ± 1.1 mV and −69.6 ± 1.0 mV respectively. The
currents were completely and reversibly blocked by tetrodotoxin at
concentrations greater than 100 nM (IC50 = 22.3 nM). They were also very
susceptible to the NaV1.7 specific blockers Huwentoxin-IV and
Protoxin-II with IC50 values of 14.6 nM and 0.8 nM respectively,
characteristic of those previously determined for NaV1.7. Conclusion and
Implications: Combined, the results from molecular, electrophysiological
and pharmacological profiling revealed the non-canonical and highly
dominant expression of NaV1.7 in the human TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cell
line. We show that the TE671 cell line is an easy to maintain and cost
effective model for the study of NaV1.7 that has become a major target
for the development of analgesic drugs and more generally for the study
of pain.
The value of enhanced three-dimensional brain volume magnetic resonance imaging in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: a clinical retrospective study
Authors: Lin Guoliang , Zhang Shushu , Hu Beilei , Chen Songfang , Zou Ming , He Zhiyong
Published: January 2024

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the enhanced three-dimensional
brain volume magnetic resonance imaging (3D-BRAVO) in the diagnosis of
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS). Methods: we described 21 patients with THS
and their case records including clinical syndromes and neuroradiologic
features by conventional MRI and enhanced 3D-BRAVO. Results: 19 patients
showed enhancement in the cavernous sinus through 3D-BRAVO. 16/19 had
ipsilateral enhanced lesions involved 4-10 continuous slices in
cavernous sinus on 3D-BRAVO scan. Both local size enlargements and
enhancement in the cavernous sinus were found in 3 patients. The rest 2
patients performed negative results on neither conventional MRI nor
enhanced 3D-BRAVO. Conclusions: enhanced 3D-BRAVO imaging demonstrated a
high detection rate in the cavernous sinus, which may promote our
understanding of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.
Characterization of severe and critical COVID-19 infected individuals outside of Wuhan, China
Authors: Tong Jin , Wang Yubo , Qin Yalan , Li Jianghua , Cui Yong , Xiang Jianhua , Xiang Jianglin , He Yong , Wang Daoxin
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
is highly transmissible among people，and the critical cases are still
tough to treat, even leading to death. METHODS We retrospectively
collected the clinical data of all the critical patients admitted to the
Three Gorges Hospital(Chongqing, China) from Jan 20, 2020 to Feb 16,
2020 , whom were divided into improved group and worsen group. At last,
we analyzed and compared the differences in laboratory indexes and
length of hospital stay of the two groups. RESULT 46 cases were enrolled
in the study. Comorbid conditions were present in 25 cases (54.3%).
Most cases had symptoms, such as fever, cough, sputum, shortness of
breath and dyspnea. The worsen group had a higher APACHE II score of
14(range from 5 to 23) than improved group(5, range from 3 to
7)(p<0.05). 32(69.6%) cases had low level lymphocyte counts
(<1.0×109/L), including 8(66.7%) worsen group patients and
24(70.6%) improved group patients. The worsen group was 14.3(range from
8.21 to 18) with the ratio of neutrophil counts to lymphocyte counts,
higher than that in improved group((7.33, range from 4.71 to
14.35)(p<0.05). There were faster respiratory frequencies in
worsen group(23, range from 20 to 24.75) (p<0.05). And the
worsen group had a lower OI(156.5, range from 74.25 to 233) than the
other group(206, range from 177.5 to 242.75)(p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Initial lower lymphocytes and higher APACHE II scores might
be relative to the poor prognosis. And most of severe or critical
patients had underlying diseases.
Influence of the depth and season on microbial community dynamics of the Black Sea
Authors: Ozturk Rafet , ALTINOK ilhan , Feyzioglu Ali , Capkin Erol , Yildiz Ilknur
Published: January 2024

The Black Sea is a unique environment having a thin layer of oxic-zone
above and anoxic-zone below. Seasonal, vertical, and horizontal
microbial assemblages were studied in terms of diversity, abundance,
community structure using NGS of the 16S rRNA gene. Total of 750
bacteria and three archaea species from 25 different phyla were
identified. The number of species richness increased from the surface to
deeper zones. Although microbial community compositions between sampling
stations were similar, microbial community compositions were
significantly different vertically between zones. Community compositions
of the seawater and sediment were also significantly different.
Community composition at 5 meters in summer was significantly different
from other seasons, while remaining depths appeared similar. Species of
Archaea (Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis, Nitrosopumilus oxyclinae, N.
ureiphilus), nitrite-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing, thiosulfate reducing,
Iron-reducing, Fe-Mn reducing and electricity-producing bacteria were
reported for the first time in the Black Sea. Proteobacteria dominated
all the sampling depths. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes,
and Verrucomicrobia were present in the whole water column, while
Nitrospinae, Chloroflexi, and Kiritimatiellaeota were restricted,
appearing abundant at 75 meters and deeper layers. Vertical microbial
community composition variation is attributable to environmental factors
and their adaptations to the various ecological niches.
Stability for semilinear wave equation of variable coefficients with acoustic boundary conditions and general boundary memory feedback
Authors: Cao Xiaomin , Chai Shugen
Published: January 2024

This paper is concerned with the study of decay rates of the energy
associated to a semilinear wave equation with variable coefficients in a
smooth domain, subject to acoustic boundary conditions and dissipative
boundary memory feedback, where a general Borel measure is involved.
Under quite weak assumptions on this measure, we show the decay rates of
the semilinear system are described by solutions to a first order
nonlinear, dissipative ODE, which recovering and extending some of the
results from the literature. The method we used are energy multiplier
methods, geometric analysis and a standard integral inequality.
Approximate Controllability of Linear Parabolic Equation with Memory
Authors: Kumar Anil , Pani Amiya K. , Joshi Mohan C.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider an optimal control problem governed by linear
parabolic differential equations with memory. Under the assumption that
the corresponding linear parabolic differential equation without memory
term is approximately controllable, it is shown that the set of
approximate controls is nonempty. The problem is first viewed as a
constrained optimal control problem, and then it is approximated by an
unconstrained problem with a suitable penalty function. The optimal pair
of the constrained problem is obtained as the limit of the optimal pair
sequence of the unconstrained problem. The result is proved by using the
theory of strongly continuous semigroups and the Banach fixed point
theorem. The approximation theorems, which guarantee the convergence of
the numerical scheme to the optimal pair sequence, are also proved.
Finally, we also present a numerical example to validate our main
theoretical results.
Stochastic GE-evolution operator method for controllability of time varying stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations in Banach spaces
Authors: Ge Zhaoqiang
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses exact and approximate controllability and exact and
approx- imate observability of time varying stochastic degenerate
Sobolev equations by stochastic GE-evolution operator method in Banach
spaces. Firstly, we discuss exis- tence and uniqueness of the mild
solution to time varying stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations by
stochastic GE-evolution operator in Banach space. Secondly, we discuss
conditions for exact and approximate controllability and exact and
approximate observability of the stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations
consid- ered in terms of stochastic GE-evolution operator and the dual
principle. Finally, an illustrative example is given.
Cardiovascular actions and therapeutic potential of puerarin
Authors: Zhou Yanxi , Zhang Hong , Peng Cheng
Published: January 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death
worldwide, and therefore become one of the most prominent global public
health concerns. Puerarin, an isoflavone glycoside derived from Pueraria
lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, has been identified as a pharmacologically active
component with diverse benefits. A large number of experimental and
clinical studies have demonstrated that puerarin is widely used in the
treatment of CVDs, diabetes and its complications, Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson’s disease, osteonecrosis, endometriosis and cancer. In this
review, we systematically analyze the preclinical investigations of
puerarin in CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart
failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, myocardial infarction
(MI), stroke and hypertension. In addition, the potential molecular
targets of puerarin are also discussed. Furthermore,we summarize the
clinical trails of puerarin in the treatment of CVDs. Finally, the
therapeutic effects of puerarin derivatives and its drug delivery
systems are overviewed.
Adsorption of recombinant human β-defensin 2 and two mutants on mesoporous silica nanoparticles and its effect against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis
Authors: Marcelino-Pérez Gabriel , Ruiz-Medrano Roberto , Gallardo-Hernández Salvador , Xoconostle-Cázares Beatriz
Published: January 2024

Solanum lycopersicum L. is affected among other pests and diseases, by
the actinomycete Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (Cmm),
causing important economic losses worldwide. The antimicrobial activity
of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN5.4), loaded with the recombinant
antimicrobial peptides (AMP) human β-defensin-2 (hβD2) and assayed to
inhibit Cmm. Half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.64 μg/mL
was quantified, while engineered TRX-hβD2-M and hβD2-M mutants,
displayed an improvement inhibitory activity of IC50 of 3.64 and 1.56
μg/mL, respectively. MSNs had average particle sizes of 140 nm (SEM) and
a tunable pore diameter of 4.8 up to 5.4 nm (BJH). AMPs were adsorbed
more than 99% into MSN and a first release after 24 h was observed. The
MSN loaded with the AMPs inhibited the growth of Cmm in solid and liquid
media. It was also determined that MSNs protect AMPs from enzymatic
degradation when the MSN/AMPs complexes were exposed to a pepsin
treatment. An improved AMP performance was registered when it was
adsorbed in the mesoporous matrix. The present study could expand the
applications of MSNs loaded with AMPs as a biological control and
provide new tools for the management of phytopathogenic microorganisms.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Intervention for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors-associated Cardiotoxicity in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: A Case Study
Authors: Kikuchi Miwa , Aizawa Naoki , Furuya Takahiro , Miyoshi Fumito , Shibata Keita , Ikeda Naoko , Kushima Miki , Tanno Kaoru
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase
inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) are the first-line standard of care for patients
with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR
mutations. Rates of serious adverse events are lower with EGFR-TKIs than
other drugs. However, some reports have described EGFR-TKI-associated
cardiac dysfunction, but the underlying mechanism is currently unclear.
Case: A 72-year-old women presented with non-sustained ventricular
tachycardia (NSVT) associated with EGFR-TKI. Because the voltage map
detected a low voltage area in the right ventricle, ablation was
performed. Conclusion: In this patient, NSVT resolved after ablation,
and EGFR-TKI could then be readministered at the original dose.
Drunken spruce trees absorb intact urea from soils on permafrost
Authors: Fujii Kazumichi , Hayakawa Chie
Published: January 2024

Biomass productivity is limited by soil nitrogen in shallow active layer
on permafrost. Trees and mycorrhizal roots are known to absorb amino
acids to bypass slow nitrogen mineralization in nitrogen-limited soils.
However, amino acid uptake strategy of tree roots cannot fully explain
their advantages in competition for soil nitrogen with other plants and
microbes. We demonstrated that black spruce roots have potentials to
absorb intact urea in shallow soil on permafrost. Urea uptake is limited
to soils with shallow permafrost, where urea accumulates due to limited
microbial mineralization activity. This contrasts with soils with deep
permafrost table, where roots absorb amino acids and inorganic nitrogen.
Allocation of fine roots to colder subsoil above permafrost provides
advantages for trees monopolizing urea-nitrogen. Despite lower energy
efficiency of urea utilization compared to inorganic nitrogen and amino
acids, urea uptake is one of nitrogen acquisition strategies for spruce
growing on nitrogen-limited subarctic soil.
Energy efficiency training's effect on fatigue scores of children with cancer diagnosis
Authors: khalili arash , Moeinifard Marziyeh , Doosti-Irani Amin , Esfahani Hossein , Mohammadi Fateme
Published: January 2024

Introduction Fatigue is the most common complication of cancer treatment
procedure during chemotherapy, leading to limited daily activities, mood
swings, and ultimately impaired functional status. This study aimed to
determine the effect of energy efficiency training on the fatigue scores
of children with cancer diagnosis. Methods In the present clinical trial
study, 30 children with a cancer diagnosis were randomly assigned to the
control and testing groups, respectively. The cancer-related fatigue
questionnaire for children with cancer was employed as the data
collection tool. The intervention of the testing group was conducted in
4 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes of face-to-face interaction, group
sessions, and question and answer sessions. Meanwhile, routine
interventions were employed in the control group. Quantitative variables
were reported as mean, standard deviation, and qualitative variables as
frequency and percentage, respectively.Stata 11 statistical software and
a change score approach were used to analyze the data. Results The mean
fatigue score of the testing group increased from 72.12 to 77.53. There
was a statistically significant difference between the mean fatigue
scores of the testing group before and after the intervention (p =
0.013), and the children’s fatigue score decreased. There was a
statistically significant difference between the mean fatigue scores of
the testing and control groups before and after the intervention (p =
0.001), and the fatigue score of the children in the testing group had
decreased compared to the control group. Conclusion Energy efficiency
techniques can be employed to increase energy and reduce fatigue during
pediatric chemotherapy.