bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting neurosurgical referral outcomes in patients with chronic subdural hematomas using machine learning algorithms – A multi-center feasibility study
Authors: Biswas Sayan , MacArthur Joshua Ian , Pandit Anand , McMenemy Lareyna , Sarkar Ved , Thompson Helena , Saleemi Mohammad Saleem , Chintzewen Julian , Almansoor Zahra Rose , Chai Xin Tian , Hardman Emily , Torrie Christopher , Holt Maya , Hanna Thomas , Sobieraj Aleksandra , Toma Ahmed , George K. Joshi
Published: January 2023

Background:

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) incidence and referral rates to neurosurgery are increasing. Accurate and automated evidence-based referral decision-support tools that can triage referrals are required. Our objective was to explore the feasibility of machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting the outcome of a CSDH referral made to neurosurgery and to examine their reliability on external validation.

Methods:

Multicenter retrospective case series conducted from 2015 to 2020, analyzing all CSDH patient referrals at two neurosurgical centers in the United Kingdom. 10 independent predictor variables were analyzed to predict the binary outcome of either accepting (for surgical treatment) or rejecting the CSDH referral with the aim of conservative management. 5 ML algorithms were developed and externally tested to determine the most reliable model for deployment.

Results:

1500 referrals in the internal cohort were analyzed, with 70% being rejected referrals. On a holdout set of 450 patients, the artificial neural network demonstrated an accuracy of 96.222% (94.444–97.778), an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.951 (0.927–0.973) and a brier score loss of 0.037 (0.022–0.056). On a 1713 external validation patient cohort, the model demonstrated an AUC of 0.896 (0.878–0.912) and an accuracy of 92.294% (90.952–93.520). This model is publicly deployed: https://medmlanalytics.com/neural-analysis-model/.

Conclusion:

ML models can accurately predict referral outcomes and can potentially be used in clinical practice as CSDH referral decision making support tools. The growing demand in healthcare, combined with increasing digitization of health records raises the opportunity for ML algorithms to be used for decision making in complex clinical scenarios.
Case of compressive myelopathy due to juvenile xanthogranuloma of cervicothoracic junction in a 28-year-old male
Authors: Baskoro Wisnu , Pratama Muhammad Fakhri Raiyan , Christi Ayu Yoniko , Faris Muhammad , Subagio Eko Agus , Wicaksono Pandu , Kameswari Bidari
Published: January 2023

Background:

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a proliferative disorder of non-Langerhans histiocytes. The lesions typically occur in children as solitary cutaneous lesions, but are only rarely found in adults in their late twenties to thirties. Approximately 5–10% of JXG are extracutaneous in location, with spinal JXG being only rarely encountered. Here, we described a 28-year-old male with an extradural spinal JXG resulting in severe C6– T1 spinal cord compression and a progressive quadriparesis that warranted a decompressive laminectomy/C6–T2 fusion.

Case Description:

A 28-year-old male presented with a progressive quadriparesis of 12 months’ duration that rapidly worsened over the last 3 months. When the MRI revealed severe cord epidural C6–T1 cord compression, the patient successfully underwent a C6–T1 laminectomy for gross total tumor excision followed by a C6–T2 instrumented fusion. The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a spinal JXG.

Conclusion:

Spinal JXGs in adults are only rarely encountered and should be treated with gross total tumor excision with/without fusion to achieve the best long-term outcomes.
Treatment strategy for giant thrombosed aneurysm of the basilar artery with associated obstructive hydrocephalus
Authors: Yoshida Shinichiro , Kamatani Kaisei , Maruyama Kousei , Hama Yoshiaki , Tashiro Noriaki , Hiraoka Fumihiro , Yano Shigetoshi , Aikawa Hiroshi , Go Yoshinori , Kazekawa Kiyoshi
Published: January 2023

Background:

There is no established adequate treatment for thrombosed aneurysm of the basilar artery with obstructive hydrocephalus. We conducted coil embolization and peritoneal shunting followed by placement of a stent expected to exert flow diversion (FD) effects to treat 2 patients with giant thrombosed aneurysms of the basilar artery with associated obstructive hydrocephalus, with good results.

Methods:

From April 2019 to March 2021, consecutive two cases of symptomatic hydrocephalus due to giant thrombosed aneurysms in the posterior cranial fossa at our hospital were treated. At first, coil embolization was performed to prevent aneurysm rupture. After coil embolization, ventriculoperitoneal shunting was performed. Finally, stent-assisted coil embolization was performed with flow re-direction endoluminal device (FRED) or low-profile visualized intraluminal support device (LVIS) stent.

Results:

Both patients were discharged after recovering well, with no postoperative hemorrhagic or ischemic complications.

Conclusion:

Staged surgery using a FRED for flow diverter or an LVIS stent expected to have FD effects may offer an effective treatment option.
A preliminary investigation on the production of lovastatin from an endophytic fungus Nigrospora sp. isolated from Cymbopogon schoenanthus
Authors: Senthamarai M. , Kannan K.P. , Moni Philip Jacob K. , Vijayakumar L.
Published: January 2023

In the past decade, changing diet and lifestyle have increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Increased levels of blood cholesterol are major contributors for these diseases. Drugs are available that target the synthesis of cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. Lovastatin is one such drug that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, thereby reducing the level of blood cholesterol. Microbial production of lovastatin is a cost effective way when compared to chemical route of synthesis. In the present study, we did a preliminary investigation on the production of lovastatin by endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi were isolated from lemon grass and pepper plants. Sterile cultures were isolated and was morphologically analysed to identify the genera of the fungi. 13 isolates were obtained from the inoculated explants. The isolates were then inoculated in a production media and then incubated for 21 days. After which the lovastatin was extracted from the media using ethyl acetate. The extract was analysed using HPLC to detect the production of lovastatin.Out of the 13 isolates, Nigrospora sp. isolated from Cymbopogon schoenanthus exhibited to have potential to produce lovastatin.
Tinjauan Etika dan Governance Pada Bisnis Halal Di Indonesia
Authors: Kurniati Pratiwi , Atiqah Nur
Published: January 2023

Halal and haram become sensitive and interesting issues because the obligation of a Muslim is bound by shari'ah law in its activity. The issue of prohibition of food, beverage and medicinal products has been on the rise several times in Muslim societies, as in the case of 2000, Indonesian Muslims were overwhelmed with Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) products in their production process using a catalyst from Bactosoytone containing pig enzymes, issued a fatwa to revoke the product from circulation and declare haram for consumption.After that, 2016 was raised again the case with the bakery products of famous brands in Indonesia, which before the product has been labeled halal, was circulated on the prohibition of the materials used in the manufacture of some types of their cakes. This creates anxiety for the people of Indonesia, especially Muslims.This study aims to describe about ethical theory and good corporate governance in Islam and describe its implications for violations of ethics and governance in sharia business and offer solutions and ways to overcome them. This research is descriptive research by using library research approach (library research). By describing the theory of ethics and governance then its implications for the impact of the problem of violations of halal business in Indonesia, and formulate solutions in the matter.In this study, the authors also offer the implementation of CSR on certification assessment that must be passed in 3 levels of Halal Product, Responsible Halal Product, Responsible Halal Business. It will motivate business people to fulfill these three levels, so that businesses that have ethics and good corporate governance and achieve the level of Islam, Faith, and Ihsan in business.
The Effect of Cell Surface Area on the Effectivity and Reusability of Bixin Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Maharani Anissa Bella , Destiarti Lia , Rahmalia Winda
Published: January 2023

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells or DSSC is the latest solar cell type generation that uses natural dyes as sensitizers. Bixin extracted from the seeds of kesumba (Bixa orellana L) is one of the natural dyes that can be used as a sensitizer. This study aims to determine the effect of the active surface area of solar cells on the effectivity and reusability of bixin-sensitized solar cells based on their open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), and maximum energy conversion efficiency. The results of this study will provide an overview of the best surface area to produce DSSC with the highest maximum energy conversion efficiency and the lifetime of bixin sensitized solar cells. The measurement results showed that the resulting Voc for each variation of the surface area 1, 2, and 3 cm2 was 344; 719; 1002 mV under intensity 100 mW cm-2, while the Isc produced under the same intensity was 0.223; 0.471; 0.680 mA. Based on the calculation results, the maximum power generated by each surface area was 0,077; 0,338; 0,681 W.  This means that the larger the active surface area of the solar cell, the greater the voltage and current generated. In this work, the highest efficiency was produced by solar cells with a surface area of 2 cm2, which is 0.085%. The solar cells fabricated in this study can be reused for five days under continuous irradiation.
Identifikasi Bidang Gelincir dengan Metode Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis 2 Dimensi di Daerah Keranggan, Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Farhati Miftahul , Rosid Mohammad Syamsu
Published: January 2023

Daerah Keranggan, Tangerang Selatan yang menjadi wilayah penelitian merupakan salah satu kawasan di Indonesia yang berpotensi longsor. Wilayah ini memiliki karakter tanah bergerak dengan adanya lereng yang sangat curam. Pada rumah-rumah warga di atas lereng timbul retakan sejajar lereng yang mengindikasikan adanya pergerakan tanah. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pengukuran geolistrik tahanan jenis 2 dimensi untuk mengetahui struktur litologi bawah permukaan yang berpotensi dapat berperan sebagai bidang gelincir. Pengukuran menggunakan konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger multichannel di 2 lintasan berarah Barat-Timur. Panjang lintasan 1 dan 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 117,5 dan 105 meter dengan jarak antar elektroda 2,5 meter. Dari hasil korelasi model tahanan jenis, data geologi regional, dan data sumur gali warga lokal, diyakini bahwa litologi penyusun di wilayah penelitian terdiri dari batuan lempung, batu pasir, dan konglomerat batu apung yang merupakan bagian dari Formasi Serpong. Dari model tahanan jenis terindikasi adanya bidang gelincir dengan litologi batu lempung di atas konglomerat batu apung dengan kemiringan 53o tepat di bawah lereng. Diduga kuat bidang gelincir ini memicu terbentuknya lereng di permukaan dengan kemiringan serupa sekitar 53o. Kedua faktor tersebut diperparah dengan beban yang tinggi dari jumlah penduduk dan kendaraan di atasnya, serta getaran yang berasal dari aktivitas manusia sehari-hari.
Estetrol: a new estrogen component in combined oral contraceptives: A review
Authors: Hamadyanova Aida U. , Tuhtaboev Afzal H. , Shafieva Venera A. , Kolodyazhnaya Elena A. , Mansurova Julia R. , Muratova Aliya A. , Andreeva Arina A. , Muzafarova Julia A.
Published: January 2023

Estetrol (E4) is a steroid hormone found in the urine of pregnant women in 1965. E4 is produced only during pregnancy and enters the maternal bloodstream through the placenta. Its concentration in maternal human plasma increases during pregnancy, reaching a maximum by the end of pregnancy (1 ng/mL). The pharmacological properties of E4 make it a promising agent for hormonal therapy and contraception. To date, phase II and III studies have shown promising results with the combination of 15 mg of E4 and 3 mg of drospirenone: this combined oral contraceptive has shown a good effect with a neutral metabolic effect. However, evidence is scarce about the effect of the new combination on the breast and bone tissue. Further studies are needed to consolidate the available data and to investigate possible side effects of prolonged use of E4-containing combined oral contraceptives compared to known ethinylestradiol and estradiol-containing combinations.
Antitumor immune cycle proteins and HPV status in patients with HSIL and cervical cancer
Authors: Kayukova Elena V. , Belokrinitskaya Tatiana E. , Romanyuk Svetlana V.
Published: January 2023

Background. Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignant tumor among women worldwide. The anti-tumor immune cycle (AIC) is a necessary molecular mechanism that prevents the occurrence and progression of a tumor. It is known that during the development of CC, several mechanisms disrupt the AIC and contribute to tumor progression. Recent data show the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the AIC regulation as a mechanism for the emergence of tumor resistance to the anti-tumor immune response.
Aim. To study the levels of AIC proteins (sCD25, 4-1BB, B7.2, TGF-b1, CTLA-4, PD-L1, PD-1, Tim-3, LAG-3, Galectin-9, sCD27, PD-L2) in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and CC, depending on the HPV status.
Materials and methods. A prospective study enrolled women of reproductive age with HSIL (n=53) and stage IIII СС (n=93). The control group included female volunteers without cervical abnormalities (n=30). The study material was the cervical epithelium. Study methods: flow cytometry, diagnostics using the polymerase chain reaction for HPV status and viral load. Statistical processing was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 software package using non-parametric statistics methods.
Results. The obtained data indicate an expression increase of AIC inhibitors: PD-1 and PD-L2 in patients with HPV infection and sCD27 in patients with mono-HPV infection. There were no significant differences in the levels of AIC proteins, depending on the HPV viral load in patients with HSIL and CC.
Conclusion. The effect of HPV infection and its type on regulating the expression of specific AIC proteins has been established, which is one of the mechanisms of tumor progression.
Reproducibility of cytological diagnoses in evaluating liquid cervical smears and immunocytochemical co-expression of p16/Ki-67 using manual and automatic methods
Authors: Tregubova Anna V. , Tevrukova Nadezda S. , Ezhova Larisa S. , Shamarakova Marina V. , Badlaeva Alina S. , Dobrovolskaya Darya A. , Bayramova Giuldana R. , Nazarova Niso M. , Shilyaev Alexey  Yu. , Asaturova Aleksandra V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To assess the reproducibility of cytological diagnoses in evaluating liquid cervical smears and immunocytochemical co-expression of p16/Ki-67 using manual and automatic methods.
Materials and methods. Cytological smears prepared using the liquid cytology method on the Becton Dickinson device (SurePath technology) were studied. An immunocytochemical study was carried out using a Ventana BenchMark Ultra automatic immunostainer with a commercial CINtec kit (determination of p16/Ki-67 co-expression). In total, 100 cytological slides (50 pairs of Pap-smears and immunocytochemical slides) were studied. The diagnostic kit was reviewed by five cytologists independently, and the cytologic slides were evaluated using four categories according to the Bethesda system (2014) and according to the categories of normal/abnormal. The co-expression of p16/Ki-67 was assessed per the manufacturer's recommendations (Roche) using the manual method (light microscope) and the automatic Vision Cyto Pap ICC system. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the SPSS software package version 26.0.0.0 with the calculation of the reproducibility indices of Cohen's kappa and Fleiss' kappa.
Results. When assessing the reproducibility of four categories of cytological diagnoses according to the Bethesda system (2014), Cohen's kappa was 0.0480.265. The overall Fleiss' kappa between all cytologists was 0.103. When only two categories (normal/abnormal) were used, the reproducibility ranged from 0.058 to 0.377. When assessing the co-expression of p16 and Ki-67, Cohen's kappa reproducibility was from 0.196 to 0.574, while the overall Fleiss' kappa was 0.407. When comparing the evaluation results of each of the cytologists with the neural network, Cohen's kappa reproducibility ranged from 0.103 to 0.436.
Conclusion. The reproducibility of cytological diagnoses according to the Bethesda system (2014) and two categories (normal/abnormal) based on the Pap smear study was low. Such results are primarily due to a large number of abnormal smears in the study. The immunocytochemical method has diagnosis reproducibility three times higher, indicating the need to measure the co-expression of p16 and Ki-67 to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the cytological method. Similar reproducibility when comparing the manual and automatic evaluation of the "double label" suggests that the neural network algorithm can currently help in decision support rather than replace the cytologist at the diagnostic stage.
EFFICIENT AND ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOLID WASTE USING WINDROW COMPOSTING TECHNIQUE AND EFFECT OF SEWAGE AS ADDITIVE ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSTS
Authors: . Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Solid waste management is a crucial issue in developing countries due to large amounts of waste being generated from different sources. Aerobic windrow composting of various wastes was carried out to create compost from various wastes for use as a nutritious soil fertilizer and to optimize waste material by employing sewage as an addition to minimize composting time and improve soil nutritional value. Four composting windrows were formed with three different types of wastes i.e. first windrow was animal waste + garden waste treated by sewage water, second windrow was food waste + garden waste treated by sewage water, third windrow was mixture of wastes treated by sewage water, and the last windrow was also mixture of wastes but treated by tap water. The compost of mixture of wastes treated by sewage water was found better than the other three windrows as having pH 8.69, Organic Content 59.25%, Moisture Content 28.09%, Carbon 27.85%, Nitrogen 0.66%, C/N ratio 42.2, Phosphorous 1.4% and Potassium 0.84%. If composting of mixture of wastes like animal waste, food waste and garden waste treated with sewage water is carried out, then it will give better results and also reduce the composting period by 30%.
GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY SEED PRODUCTION OF ONION RESPONSE TO MULCHING AND VARIETIES
Authors: Hasanuzzaman S. M.
Published: January 2023

Onion (Allium cepa L.) belonging to the family Alliaceae, is one of the most important spice and vegetable crops in the world. In Bangladesh, onion is grown in winter when rainfall is scarce and plants face deficiency of water. The farmers cannot irrigate the land due to shortage of irrigation facilities or acute financial problem. In this situation soil moisture conservation through mulching may ensure sufficient supply to the growing crop. Mulches have various effects on plant growth and yield. There were significant variation exists on bulb, seed yield and seed quality performance among the genotypes. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of mulching and variety on growth, yield and seed production of onion. Two factors: Factor (A) four mulching treatments, no mulch, natural mulch, rice straw mulch and black polythene mulch; Factor (B) five onion variety Taherpuri, BARI piaz-2, Jhitka, BARI piaz- 4 and BARI piaz-1were used in the study. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with twenty treatment combinations and three replications. In the experiment it was revealed that black polythene mulch showed highest results on almost all plant, seed yield (1653.79kg/ha) and seed quality characters and lowest result in control treatment. The performance of the mulches was found in order of no mulch < natural mulch < rice straw mulch < black polythene mulch. In case of variety BARI piaz- 4 showed highest results almost on all vegetative, reproductive, seed yield (1476.04 kg/ha) and seed quality characters and lowest result in parameters and lowest result in Jhitka variety. The performance of the onion varieties was found in order of Jhitka <Taherpuri < BARI-1 <BARI-2 <BARI-4. Among the treatment combinations, black polythene mulch with BARI-4 variety produced the highest result and lowest in Jhitka variety with no mulch treatment. Further trial of this research work in different locations of the country is needed to recommend the result for use at farmer´s level.
INDIVIDUAL AND INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF PEROXIDE PRETREATMENT VARIBLES ON SACCHARIFICATION AND ETHANOL YIELD IN BAGASSE
Authors: Mohan Poludasu Rama
Published: January 2023

The current experiment aimed to find the ideal pretreatment process parameters for maximize the yields of cellulose, fermentable simple sugars, and ethanol from bagasse that had successfully treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The pretreatment process variables like substrate concentration, H2O2 concentration, pretreatment time, and temperature were studied individually and in combination to see how they affected the response variables like cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content in the pretreated pulp. This was done using the response surface methodology (RSM). The best pretreatment conditions for sugar cane bagasse were found through experiments using a factorial central composite design (CCD). The highest cellulose and hemicellulose yields, which were determined by RSM to be 69.3% and 76.4%, respectively, with a lesser lignin yield (4.8%), were achieved at a substrate concentration of 2%, an H2O2 loading of 20%, a temperature of 120 oC, and a pretreatment duration of 120 min. The experimental actual and predicted outcomes were well correlated, demonstrating that the model may be applied to effectively pretreat lignocellulosic biomass. The model has been validated when there is no difference between experimental actual values and anticipated values. The modifications in the chemical structure of bagasse during pretreatment was analyzed using FTIR. Comparatively, samples processed with H2O2 had a higher crystallinity (CI = 23.63%) than untreated bagasse (CI = 15.84%). The loss of lignin, which contributed the greatest CrI, increased the proportion of cellulose in treated bagasse compared to untreated bagasse. The bagasse that had a H2O2 concentration pretreatment showed the highest reducing sugar yield (58.7 mg/g). Pretreated bagasse had a higher ethanol output (73.88 g/L) than untreated bagasse (45.49 g/L).
TRADITIONAL PELLET PRODUCTION FROM SAWDUST AS SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR COOKING USING IMPROVED STOVE IN MOUDA, A LOCALITY OF MAROUA, CAMEROON
Authors: Koda J Tize
Published: January 2023

In general, the Far North Region of Cameroon and specifically the town of Maroua is faced a great scarcity of firewood which is the major energy sources of cooking used by the population. Its semi desert environment cannot supply the demanded quantity that combustible. This situation is a challenge for research in order to find out other sources of cooking energy accessible to the population. The purpose of this study is to valorise by the production of pellets, a cooking energy source, the sawdust assimilated to waste and regularly burned. The main objective of this work is to provide an alternative source of firewood. More specifically, it involves manufacturing pellets, innovating an improved pellet-type stove and carrying out cooking tests. Thus, three types of pellets containing 30%, 50% and 70% of sawdust are produced using clay as the binder. After the drying of pellets, the moisture content is assessed and various cooking tests have been done. A new type of stove adequate for the use of pellets and charcoal has been constructed. From the results obtained, it has been observed that the maximum moisture content of the pellets is 10.8± 1.1%. During the combustion, pellets containing 50% of sawdust provide more efficiency. Therefore, with about 1.5 kg of this type of pellets, it is possible to prepare a complete millet meal and coffee sufficient to feed 4 to 5 people a day. This is approximately 0.32 to 0.4 kg / person/day or 0.16 to 0.2 kg of sawdust / individual/day. These results clearly indicate that sawdust can be used to produce pellets which are a reliable source of cooking energy. Instead still be burn as waste, their valorisation can contribute to reduce the pressure of the population on the fragile ecology of far north looking for firewood.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF COMPOST – MINERAL, NPK AND UREA FERTILIZER AND TIME OF APPLICATION OF COMPOST - MINERAL FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD OF MAIZE
Authors: Okhumata Dania Stephen
Published: January 2023

The evaluation of the application compost – mineral fertilizer on maize was carried out in two locations (Ujemen and Emaudo) of the Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with seven treatments, replicated thrice. The treatments were: 2, 4, 6 and 8 t ha-1 of compost mineral fertilizer, 300 kg ha-1NPK 15: 15: 15, Urea (200 kg ha-1) and the control. Growth parameters such as plant height, stem girth and leaf area were measured at 4, 5 and 6 weeks after planting, dry matter yield (DMY) and grain weight were taken at harvest. Data collected were statistically analysed using Genstat statistical package. In both locations, compost-mineral fertilizer applied at the rate of 6 and 8 t ha-1 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the growth, dry matter and grain yield of maize but not significantly different from each other. The application of compost – mineral fertilizer two weeks after planting significantly (p < 0.05) increased the yield of maize with yield value of 5. 65 t ha-1 compared to other application time. The grain yield values of 5.49 and 5.56 t ha-1 was obtained at Emaudo location and 5.69 and 5.78 t ha-1 at Ujemen with the application of 6 and 8 t ha-1 compost-mineral respectively. The application of compost – mineral fertilizer at the rate of 6 t ha-1. improved the soil fertility resulting to higher yield of maize.
EFFECT OF KITCHEN WASTE COMPOST ON TOMATO YIELD AND CARBON ACCUMULATION IN SOIL
Authors: Yasmin M.
Published: January 2023

Two years field study was conducted on the effect of kitchen waste compost on tomato yield and carbon accumulation in soil at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur, Bangladesh under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ 9) during rabi season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The objectives were to determine whether composted kitchen waste would increase soil organic carbon levels and tomato yield. The BARI tomato-21 was utilized as the test crop, and the experiment was set up using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. There were seven treatments comprising T1 = 100 % RDCF (control), T2=100 % RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T3 = 100 % RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 5 t ha-1, T4 = 85% RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T5 = 85% RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 5 t ha-1, T6 =70% RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 and T7 = 70% RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 5 t ha-1. Data revealed that, combined application of kitchen waste compost and chemical fertilizer increased tomato production as compared to sole application of chemical fertilizers. The highest average tomato fruit yield (68.46 t ha-1) was found in T3 treatment (100 % RDCF + Kitchen Waste Compost @ 5 t ha-1). T1 treatment (100 % RDCF) yielded 55.82 t ha-1 of tomatoes, indicating that plants could not receive enough nutrients from a single application of chemical fertilizer. On the other hand, as chemical fertilizers were reduced, tomato yield gradually declined. The T6 treatment (70 % RD + kitchen waste compost @ 2.5 t ha-1) had the lowest average tomato output, 52.73 t ha-1. The T3 treatment (100 % RDCF + kitchen waste compost @ 5 t ha-1) performed better after the second cycle was finished in terms of total nutrient content in post-harvest soil. In comparison to previous treatments, this treatment also increased soil carbon accumulation. As a result, it is practicable to apply the full dose of chemical fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 kitchen waste compost, which will boost tomato yields, bring about economic benefits and prevent soil and environmental contamination.
POST-HARVEST COMMODITY PROFILE OF COLE CROPS: A REVIEW
Authors: Kharel Avin
Published: January 2023

Cole crops are cool-season vegetables that are rich in minerals and vitamins. Post-harvest loss in the different commodities including cole crops is due to inappropriate handling, harvesting, lack of storage, transportation, and other preservation technology. The study for the topic “Post-Harvest Commodity Profile of Cole crops” is based on secondary data where relevant information is collected from different published articles, books, journals, documents, and other relevant publications. Under topic-wise discussion, maturity indices, harvesting methods, pre-cooling, transportation, storage technique, different packaging practices with value addition technologies, and marketing of cole crops are studied. The adoption of appropriate post-harvest management practices like harvesting at the right stage, and with the appropriate methods, proper field level cleaning, sorting, grading, proper packaging, and transportation contributes to the reduction of post-harvest loss under smart marketing.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MULCHING MATERIALS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus cv. Bhaktapur local), IN GOKULESHWOR, BAITADI
Authors: Joshi Dipesh , Awasthi Prakash , Bogati Sujan , Shah Prakash , Adhikari Suman , Singh Bohara Santosh , Banjade Dinanath , Malla Santoshi
Published: January 2023

The experiment titled “Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Growth and Yield of Cucumber” was conducted during March to June 2021 at Gokuleshwor , Baitadi district of Nepal. Cultivar Bhaktapur local was used as principal cultivar for this research. The experiment was done by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Accordingly, four different mulching material,viz.silver on black polythene mulch, black polythene mulch, rice straw and wheat husk mulch were used as treatment. Each treatment was replicated five times. Un-mulched plot served as control. Results reveals that the application of mulching significiantly influence both growth and yield parameters of cucumber. The broad objectives of this study was to determine the effect of mulching on the growth and yield of cucumber plant. The primary data was obtained through experimental analysis of sample plants of each plot without replacement. Plant height and number of leaves were significantly higher when black polythene mulch was used. Similarly, maximum leaf area was shown in paddy straw mulching at 75 days of transplanting (2318 cm square) . Mulching enhances flower production by 3-4 folds and increases the amount of blooms and fruit per plant. Likewise maximum number of flowers (80.00) and fruit (65.00) were observed in paddy straw mulching. Also highest weight (33.52) and yield (16.76) is seen in paddy straw mulching. And shortest height (977cm) , least number of leaves( 402) and leaf area (1911cm square ) was observed in control at 75 days after transplanting. Due to these mentioned reasons no mulch gave lowest yield per plot. Finding of this experiment thus clearly suggest the benefit of using paddy straw mulch as well as silver and black polythene mulch in cucumber compared to the other common mulching materials.
EVALUATION OF CHERRY TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L. VAR. CERASIFORME) GENOTYPES FOR GROWTH AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES
Authors: Sarowar Alam Md. , Zahir Ullah Mohammad , Samsuzzaman M. , Lal Barua Joti , Parvin Elora
Published: January 2023

The research was conducted with 12 cherry tomato genotypes at Regional Research Station, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition (BIRTAN), Noakhali, Bangladesh during the year 2020-21 to select suitable cherry type tomato for processing purposes. Among the genotypes, highest number of fruits per cluster was observed in CT-11 (31.67), higher average fruit weight (69.53g) and the number of locules (5.67) per fruit was recorded in CT-14 but the highest fruit yielder was CT-15 (11.30 kg). Higher heritability, genetic advance, genotypic coefficient of variation for number of fruits and clusters per plant, fruits per cluster, fruit yield per plant were controlled by additive gene action, which indicates the scope for improvement of this characters. A significant positive correlation coefficient was observed with plant height, the number of clusters per pant, fruits per plant and pericarp thickness. Yield showed a significant linear regression coefficient with number of clusters per plant, fruits per cluster, fruits per plant, fruit length and fruit diameter. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed that four principal components accounted for 90.60% of the morphological variability of the genotypes evaluated. Among the genotypes, CT-5 produced the highest number of fruits per plant and CT-15 produced the highest fruit yield and can be selected for cultivation under Bangladesh conditions.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PRIMING METHODS ON GERMINATION BEHAVIOUR OF BROADLEAF MUSTARD CV. MARPHA CHAUDA PAATE
Authors: Thapa Sudip , Baral Binaya , Shrestha Manisha , Chandra Dahal Dr. Kishor
Published: January 2023

An experiment was conducted in IAAS to study the effectiveness of different priming methods on germination & seedling characters of Marpha Chauda Pate variety of broadleaf mustard. The experiment was laid in CRD with 6 treatments each replicated 5 times. Treatments used were GAȝ (100 ppm), PEG (10%), NaCl (2%), Mannitol (4%), controlled, and hydro-priming. The highest germination percentage was 91.2% with GAȝ & PEG priming while the lowest germination was achieved at 77.6% from NaCl. Lower germination in NaCl might be due to the toxic effect of salinity. Hydro-priming gave the highest fresh weight. Unprimed seeds gave the highest fresh weight (0.338 gm). The highest vigor index (1032.74) was achieved with PEG. Highest R: P. ratio was recorded with hydro priming and lowest with GA3. Overall, priming with PEG (10%) gave better performance. Priming with PEG would be beneficial for germination and seedling establishment of mustard.
MANAGEMENT OF BRINJAL SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER USING EXCLUSION NETS
Authors: Jewel Alam Md. , Iftekhar Siddika Marufa , Monjur Khan Mohammed Abul , Kulsum Ummay , Shahanara Ahmed Kazi
Published: January 2023

The brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis is one of the most serious pests of the brinjal crop in Bangladesh and causes damage up to 90% yield loss. It is very difficult to control. An experiment was conducted at the Entomology Field Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from December 2020 to April 2021 on the management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (BSFB) using three colored exclusion nets, viz., white, blue, and yellow, along with an untreated control. Brinjal, specifically the Singnath variety, was used as an experimental crop. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (BCBD) with three replications of each treatment. The effectiveness of three exclusion nets was evaluated based on the following parameters: plant height (cm), number of healthy and infested shoots and fruit, percent protection of shoot and fruit over control, length and diameter of healthy and infested fruit, yield attributes, and benefit cost ratio (BCR). The results clearly indicated that these mentioned parameters were highly significant with the application of different colored exclusion nets. From the results, the white net showed the greatest reduction of shoot (50.51%) and fruit (65.58%) infestation over control, the highest percentage of shoot (20.55%) and fruit (25.92%) infestation, the minimum number of infested shoots (14.00) and fruits (28.54), plant height (46.34cm), and the maximum length (21.67cm) and diameter (10.07cm) of healthy fruit and returned the highest yield (24.55 t/ha), percentage increase of yield (56.70%) and benefit cost ratio (2.15) compared to other tested exclusion nets. And then, this result was followed by blue and yellow, respectively. Hence, white-colored net could be recommended as the best exclusion net for the sustainable management of BFSB in the field.
Asignaturas cuello de botella en los programas de pregrado de la facultad de ingeniería en una universidad pública colombiana en el periodo 2017-1 a 2021-1
Authors: Ospina Usaquén Yuri Tatiana , Valdiri Lugo Luz Elena
Published: January 2023

Graduarse de ingeniero no es una tarea fácil, especialmente cuando a lo largo del proceso formativo aparecen algunas asignaturas que obstaculizan, retrasan o impiden desarrollar el plan de estudios en los tiempos establecidos, esto debido a que el estudiante debe cursarlas una o más veces. Estas asignaturas para el presente trabajo investigativo son consideradas como “asignaturas cuellos de botella”. En este sentido se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo con R, de los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes de una Facultad de Ingeniería de una Universidad Pública Colombiana en los semestres comprendidos entre 2017 − 1 hasta 2021 – 1; las bases de datos utilizadas fueron extraídas de los sistemas de información institucionales que arrojan información sobre las siguientes variables: año, semestre, programa académico, nombre de la asignatura, nota, estado, número de créditos de la asignatura y promedio general acumulado, a partir de las cuales se establecieron los siguientes índices: porcentaje de perdida de una asignatura, perdida promedio de una asignatura, perdida promedio del programa, índice de repitencia, porcentaje de estudiantes fugados. Resultado de este análisis se definieron tres tipos de asignaturas cuello de botella, cuello de botella rotos, cuello de botella medio y cuello de botella largos y para la Facultad se identificaron como: asignaturas con pérdida de promedio alta (Algebra Lineal, Estática, Calculo Diferencial, Calculo Integral, Física - Mecánica, Electrónica Análoga y Laboratorio, Matemáticas Básicas); asignaturas cuello roto (Calculo Integral, Matemáticas Básicas); asignaturas cuello medio (Algebra Lineal, Calculo Diferencial, Física -Mecánica) y asignaturas cuello largo (Electrónica Análoga y Laboratorio Estática). Este análisis sirvió de insumo para indagar entre los estudiantes y profesores las causas de perdida de estas asignaturas y desarrollar talleres de empoderamiento académico.
Calidad y excelencia académica en la formación profesional integral desde comunidades de aprendizaje
Authors: Restrepo Luz , Arenas Valencia Wilson , Gaviria Pérez Jennifer Alejandra
Published: January 2023

El programa de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira en su compromiso con la sociedad, de formar profesionales integrales que cumplan con las competencias requeridas por las nuevas dinámicas del entorno organizacional y social, realizó un proceso de renovación curricular a través de la conformación de comunidades de aprendizaje con carácter multidisciplinar que permitieron consolidar los aspectos curriculares para un programa pertinente. Es así como desde las comunidades de aprendizaje se realizó una revisión total de los aspectos curriculares, buscando a través de estos, formar en los Ingenieros Industriales las competencias básicas, genéricas y profesionales que les permitan convertirse en agente del cambio tecnológico, económico, científico, político y social para la transformación la región el país y el mundo.
Structural and functional characterization of TraI from pKM101 reveals basis for DNA processing
Authors: Breidenstein Annika , ter Beek Josy , Berntsson Ronnie P-A
Published: January 2023

Type 4 secretion systems are large and versatile protein machineries that facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance and other virulence factors via horizontal gene transfer. Conjugative type 4 secretion systems depend on relaxases to process the DNA in preparation for transport. TraI from the well-studied conjugative plasmid pKM101 is one such relaxase. Here, we report the crystal structure of the trans-esterase domain of TraI in complex with its substrateoriTDNA, highlighting the conserved DNA-binding mechanism of conjugative relaxases. In addition, we present an apo structure of the trans-esterase domain of TraI that includes most of the flexible thumb region. This allows us for the first time to visualize the large conformational change of the thumb subdomain upon DNA binding. We also characterize the DNA binding, nicking, and religation activity of the trans-esterase domain, helicase domain, and full-length TraI. Unlike previous indications in the literature, our results reveal that the TraI trans-esterase domain from pKM101 behaves in a conserved manner with its homologs from the R388 and F plasmids.
The BRICS Mechanism as a Platform to Support Russian Interests in the Hostile Global Economic and Financial Environment
Authors: Zharikov M. V.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of writing this paper is to show the changes that happened over the past two decades in the role of the BRICS economies in the world financial system and the world economy in general. Methods. Using comparative analysis techniques, the author shows the positions of the major centers of the global economy in terms of both their GDP numbers measured at official exchange rates and purchasing power parity. The results of this article include suggestions for the new world economic order, a reform of the world financial system, and the creation of a financial safety network for the BRICS during the period of rising global prices, key interest rates and debt. The practical significance of the paper is that its main conclusions and recommendations can be used when formulating strategies for further development of the BRICS cooperation mechanisms, such as the New Development Bank and a network of mutual currency agreements to support trade and investment within the BRICS as well as their partners.
The system of technologies and machines in modern conditions
Authors: Beilis Vitaly Mikhailovich , Moskovsky Maxim Nikolaevich , Lavrov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: January 2023

The development of a new system of machines should be based on principles that were not taken into account in the planned economy. Its value should be grow in market conditions, as it will be in demand from the state and other consumers. The system will contain a strategy for the development of machine and technological support for agricultural production for the long term. Functionally, it will be a regulatory and information document that optimizes the type of equipment on the domestic market and regulates the development program for machines that differ significantly from the old system of machines. The requirements for new technology include regulatory requirements that are mandatory for all participants in its development, machine manufacturers and their consumers, and informational requirements that are recommended for implementation. The obligatory conditions of the system are state requirements for the safety of technical means with the harmonization of safety parameters carried out by technological and technical factors. The implementation of the development of a new system of technologies and machines in a market economy will determine the direction of the state agrarian policy for the development of mechanization of agro-industrial production, distribute investments in the most efficient sectors of machine production, and outline ways for our equipment to enter the world market.
Tiktok Sebagai Wadah Penyimpanan Memori Kolektif Dan Penyebaran Informasi
Authors: Jalinur Jalinur , Laksmi Laksmi
Published: January 2023

Abstrak TikTok sebagai wadah penyimpanan memori kolektif dan penyebaran informasi dalam mengoleksi konten-konten yang diunggah, terlebih setiap konten yang disebarkan mengandung informasi yang berkualitas atau sifatnya informatif dan mendidik, hal ini dapat membantu dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan baik bagi individu maupun kelompok. Salah satu pemanfaatan media sosial adalah dapat memberikan wadah berinteraksi sosial oleh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat sejauhmana TikTok dimanfaatkan sebagai wadah penyimpanan memori kolektiif dan penyebaran informasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Akun TikTok telah mampu menarik perhatian dan menyebarkan informasi edukasi dan menjadikan memori kolektif pribadi untuk pembelajaran dengan tujuan utama sebagai simpanan di masa yang akan datang. TikTok sebagai memori kolektif dapat kita lihat dari respon dan komentar yang positif dari akun TikTok lain terhadap unggahan konten yang bersifat informatif bagi yang melihatnya, bahkan ada juga yang mengusulkan ide konten terbaru seputaran parenting, agar memperoleh informasi yang dibutuhkan lebih mudah dipahami.
Práticas Pedagógicas no Ensino da Divisão
Authors: Carmo Vitor Martins do , Marim Vlademir
Published: January 2023

Vamos juntos discutir e refletir sobre a formação docente, pautada na importância de compreender o processo da divisão na educação básica do 1º ao 5º ano. Assim, a ideia central deste material é propor um roteiro de formação para os professores, por meio de oficinas pedagógicas, apresentando-lhes uma possibilidade de se (auto)formarem para o ensino da divisão, complementando os conhecimentos obtidos ao longo de sua formação inicial e continuada. Com tal propósito, esse material foi fundamentado na Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel (2000) e nos Saberes Docentes de Shulman (1986), Gauthier (1998) e Tardif (2002). Logo, essas oficinas podem ajudá-lo em suas aulas, direcionando-o para uma perspectiva de como desenvolver as habilidades e as competências necessárias para ensinar divisão, para alunos do 1º ao 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, bem como estruturar a proposta de construção do processo da divisão com a utilização de materiais manipulativos, fazendo uso de procedimentos de cálculo amparados na estimativa e no cálculo mental.
Indução Docente como Estratégia Formativa
Authors: Gonçalves Natália Marques , Marim Vlademir
Published: January 2023

A recepção dos professores iniciantes é um momento de grande importância para a comunidade escolar e muito significativo para esses novos profissionais docentes. Sabemos que ainda que o docente iniciante tenha desenvolvido, em sua formação de base, conhecimentos teóricos, pedagógicos, psicopedagógicos e tenha vivências adquiridas nos estágios supervisionados, práticas pedagógicas e/ou pela participação em programas de incentivo à docência durante a graduação, é necessário apoiá-lo e impulsioná-lo para que permaneça na carreira docente. Apoiados em programas de indução docente realizados em países Ibero-americanos, preparamos esse guia para auxiliar gestores, tutores e professores que objetivam implementar esta estratégia formativa para a inserção dos professores iniciantes na comunidade escolar, bem como ajudá-los a desenvolver a autonomia e a identidade docente, visto que os anos iniciais da carreira docente são desafiadores. Desejamos a você um excelente estudo, e que este guia possa te ajudar a conhecer e implementar o Programa de Indução Docente e auxiliar no que for necessário para colocá-lo em prática.