bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traumatisme et névrose de l’adolescence
Authors: Marty François
Published: July 2021

En proposant dans ce chapitre de considérer que c’est tout l’infantile qui est relu, faisant ainsi événement pubertaire traumatique, nous tentons d’établir une généralisation de la théorie du traumatisme donnant sens à l’événement pubertaire, à son effet de seuil. C’est la réécriture du sexuel, inhérente à l’événement et à l’effraction pubertaire, qui crée une forme de traumatisme : «traumatisme par séduction» que le processus d’adolescence élabore ou traduit en névrose. Le processus d’adolescence névrotise la violence inhérente et à l’effraction pubertaire et à l’événement pubertaire : effraction et événement pubertaires pouvant être entendus comme les facteurs actuels et infantiles d’une névrose traumatique « normale » qui se constituerait sur ces facteurs élémentaires du pubertaire.

La violence de l’adolescence s’élabore dans la grande majorité des parcours d’adolescence, le processus d’adolescence s’y déploie, suite à cette réaction traumatique pubertaire, pour en transformer la violence. Cette transformation se joue, notamment, dans la trajectoire singulière de la « réinvention d’une sexualité » vers la rencontre de l’autre sexe; trajectoire sur laquelle la créativité, le rôle des fantasmes pubertaires et leur traversée sont des itinéraires nécessaires. C’est la rencontre avec la nouveauté que porte en lui l’autre sexe qui crée un effet de complémentarité, une destination libidinale « réussie » où l’un et l’autre sexe « s’entreconjoignent ». La violence de l’adolescence trouve ainsi une voie de transformation capable d’opérer un véritable changement de registre, soit le passage du phallique au génital.
Digital Transformation in the Context of the European Union and the Use of Digital Technologies as a Tool for Business Sustainability
Authors: Bednarčíková Diana , Repiská Radka
Published: July 2021

The potential of digitalization, digital transformation and digital technologies is important for environmental, economic and social sustainability in businesses and can be applied in various industries. In this scientific article, main author´s aim is to examine the green digital transformation in a theoretical generalization, then in the context of the European Union and to examine the use of digital technologies in the field of sustainable development in selected companies in the world. We used explanatory general theoretical methods. In the literature review, we defined the main concepts related to digital transformation, mapped the digital transformation in the context of the European Union and highlighted the link between sustainability and digital technologies. Examples of the implementation of sustainable technologies in various companies and compliance with sustainability are found in the results of the work and discussion. At the end of the scientific article, we propose definitions: Green digital transformation is the implementation of digitalization and interaction of green technologies into business processes, activities, products and models, when the company becomes environmentally sustainable. Green technology represents the integration and subsequent use of digital technologies to innovate business processes and are used in the field of sustainable environmental development of the organization.
Environment Charge and Covid
Authors: Vavrová Katarina , Bikár Miloš
Published: July 2021

The primary goal of the paper is to examine the trends of global development and also global changes in the context of selective excise taxes, which are part of the Slovak tax system. First, it is necessary to describe the theoretical research, for clarity in this topic. To this end, we will provide an overview of developments in excise duties and environmental taxes. We will also focus on key events in the global economy that have had an impact on the formation of the Slovak tax system and also on legislative changes in the field of selective excise taxes. Next, we focus on the specification of the main goal of the paper. We will further specify the mathematical and statistical methods used. The result of the paper represents the latest legislative changes that are relevant from our point of view. In the next part of the article, we are going to examine the financial results of the company in connection with the applied environmental policy. In the last part of the article, we summarize the most important findings of our analysis and also point out the impacts of the environmental policy applied by the state on the indicators of green growth in the time of Covid.
Assessment of the competition level in the sector of bicycle manufacturers in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Hojdik Vladimír , Raková Monika
Published: July 2021

Bicycle industry has recorded significant boom recently, mainly as a consequence of global pandemic situation, but also as a result of green policies of countries. The popularity of cycling is on its all-time high, which also transferred to rising sales of bicycles worldwide. This paper evaluates current situation of bicycle industry in Slovak republic, mainly with the objection on performance of Slovak bicycle producers. With use of appropriate indicators, the paper aims to assess the rate of competitiveness among Slovak bicycle producers. For this purpose, relevant indicators as market share, concentration ratio CR3, CR5, and Herfindahl index are calculated and evaluated. The aim of this paper is to analyze financial results of Slovak bicycle industry producers, then measure the degree of concentration of whole industry in order to explain industry competitiveness in context of Slovak economy.
Current measures and challenges to strengthen consumer protection
Authors: Kissová Jana , Dubcová Gabriela
Published: July 2021

Over a short period of time, the individual countries of the world must face a common problem that affects them and adversely affects the lives of individuals. In the context of the current emergency related to the coronavirus pandemic, fundamental changes and enormous impacts can be seen in the social or economic dimension. The article aims to provide an overview of the current situation in selected countries and compare the system of measures in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic to stabilize or retain workers or eliminate impending damage.
Transformation of communication policy of Slovak companies
Authors: Vilagi Robert , Konecny Michal , Pollak Frantisek
Published: July 2021

Innovation is a major accelerator of development. This is no different with regard to innovations in business management processes. The communication policy of business entities has been undergoing a transformation for more than two decades, where more and more emphasis is being placed on interactive forms of presentation, with which companies can better target selected markets. The aim of the study is to describe selected characteristics of the Slovak market in the light of the transformation from off-line to on-line. Through the analysis of secondary information sources, it is possible to state that on the Slovak market we record both a continuous increase in the share of social network use by companies, as well as an increase in expenditure on Internet promotion. The presented study maps the period until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, thus creating a reference framework for subsequent research into the effects of the pandemic on the communication activities of Slovak companies.
Dialyse bei COVID-19: Herausforderungen und Besonderheiten für die nephrologische Pflege
Authors: Wiegard-Szramek Ina , Eikelmann Matthias , Kehl Oliver , Reichardt Michael
Published: July 2021

In diesem Artikel möchten wir, Kollegen vom Vorstand des Fachverbands nephrologischer Berufsgruppen (fnb e. V.), aus unserem Arbeitsalltag und aus verschiedenen Kliniken berichten und versuchen, so die aus der Corona-Pandemie entstandenen Veränderungen aufzuzeigen. Es kann in den Erfahrungsberichten zu Überschneidungen kommen, was aber der Vielzahl von Erfahrungen geschuldet ist. Die bearbeiteten Themen lauten: spezielle organisatorische Herausforderungen bei der Versorgung von Dialysepatienten in der Corona-Pandemie, Versorgung von PD-Patienten (PD: Peritonealdialyse) in der Heimdialyseversorgung und in der PD-Ambulanz, spezielle Aspekte im Umgang mit an COVID-19 erkrankten und dialysepflichtigen Patienten in der stationären Therapie und Intensivtherapie sowie Veränderungen in der Fachweiterbildung.
COVID-19-Pandemie in der stationären Dialyse und Intensivmedizin
Authors: van der Giet Markus
Published: July 2021

Es hat sich schon früh in der COVID-19-Pandemie (COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019) gezeigt, dass Patienten mit schweren Krankheitsverläufen in der Konsequenz sehr häufig auch ein akutes Nierenversagen bekommen. Auch wenn es Hinweise gibt, dass COVID-19 auch direkt die Niere angreifen kann, so ist die hohe Inzidenz des akuten Nierenversagens eher auf den insgesamt schweren Krankheitsverlauf zurückzuführen. Viele Patienten brauchen im Rahmen des akuten Nierenversagens eine Nierenersatztherapie bei insgesamt sehr hoher Mortalität der Patienten. Bei Patienten, die das dialysepflichtige Nierenversagen überleben, kann sich die Nierenfunktion wieder erholen, wobei ein Anteil der Patienten möglicherweise dauerhaft ein Nierenproblem zurückbehält. Es erscheint von besonderer Wichtigkeit, dass schwere Krankheitsverläufe verhindert werden müssen. Der Einfluss von leichten COVID-19-Verläufen auf die Niere ist bisher nicht bekannt.
Der venöse Schleifenshunt 2
Authors: Krönung Gerhard
Published: July 2021

Loop-Konfigurationen sind nicht auf Gefäßersatz-Shunts beschränkt, haben klinisch viele Vorteile und können durch die typische Armvenentopografie mit 2 parallelen Leitvenen oft auch rein venös bei Shuntrevisionen realisiert werden.
Online-Schulung mit praktischen Übungen an Cycler-Maschinen
Authors: Mikut Cornelia , Reiher Carmen , Kitsche Benno
Published: July 2021

Schulungen und Weiterqualifizierungen waren noch bis Anfang des Jahres 2020 auf den Unterricht in Präsenz ausgerichtet. Möglichkeiten im E-Learning Bereich waren zwar bekannt, spielten jedoch noch keine prägnante Rolle in der Gestaltung der Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung. So auch im KfH. Im KfH-Bildungszentrum in Elfershausen trafen sich Kollegen zum Austausch, zum Lernen und zum Vernetzen. Als COVID-19 uns in den ersten Lockdown zwang, glaubten wir noch, es sei nur eine kurze Zeit zu überbrücken. Die wichtigsten Schulungen, wie bspw. die Weiterqualifizierungen zur Medizinischen Fachangestellten in der Dialyse oder Assistenzpersonal in der Dialyse, wurden in kürzester Zeit in ein Online-Schulungsformat umgestaltet. Restliche Formate wurden abgesagt – fest in der Hoffnung, sie bald wieder in Präsenz anbieten zu können. Mit dem Anhalten der Krise wurden die Kollegen im KfH-Bildungszentrum sicherer im Umgang mit digitalen Medien und dem didaktischen Vermitteln verschiedener Inhalte. Der Fokus lag jedoch v. a. auf theoretischen Inhalten. In 2 Nierenzentren war eine dringende Schulung zur Bedienung der Cycler-Maschinen notwendig. Unterschiedlichste Gründe ließen keinen Aufschub mehr zu. So entwickelten wir eine erstmalige Online-Schulung mit praktischem Schwerpunkt. Wir möchten über die Skepsis, den Mut und die Überraschung berichten.
Zervikale Dystonie – Physiotherapie als additive Behandlung
Authors: Derlien Steffen , Loudovici-Krug Dana
Published: July 2021

Menschen mit einer zervikalen Dystonie leiden in Folge unwillkürlicher Anspannungen der Hals- und Nackenmuskulatur häufig unter Schmerzen und einer eingeschränkten Bewegungsfähigkeit. In diesem Artikel erfahren Sie, warum forcierte Dehnungen und Massagegriffe an der betroffenen Muskulatur kontraindiziert sind.
Fissur mit Folgen – Red Flags erkennen
Authors: von Piekartz Harry , Zalpour Christoff
Published: July 2021

Alexanders Leidenschaft ist der Triathlon. Doch seit drei Monaten führen Schmerzen in der Wade dazu, dass er vor allem das Lauftraining nicht mehr wie gewohnt durchführen kann. Ist ein Fahrradsturz vor einem halben Jahr ursächlich?
Fremde Hand – Handrehabilitation bei einem komplexen regionalen Schmerzsyndrom
Authors: Dopfer Barbara
Published: July 2021

Bei einem komplexen regionalen Schmerzsyndrom handelt es sich um einen Symptomkomplex mit motorischen, sensorischen, vegetativen und trophischen Störungen im Bereich der Extremitäten, der beispielsweise nach Verletzungen auftreten kann. Das Fallbeispiel zeigt eindrücklich, wie wichtig eine alltagsorientierte und psychosoziale Betrachtungsweise in der Therapie ist.
Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Compression Syndromes of the Upper Extremities: a Systematic Review
Authors: Freund Gerrit , Dafotakis Manuel , Bahm Jörg , Beier Justus P.
Published: July 2021

Background Nerve compression syndromes are referred to as chronic irritation or pressure palsies of peripheral nerves in areas of preformed anatomical constriction. Carpal tunnel
syndrome is the most common nerve compression syndrome, followed by cubital tunnel syndrome. In addition, less frequent nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremities that affect the
median, ulnar or radial nerves have been described. This review provides an overview of current treatment options for nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremities.

Study Design Systematic overview.

Methods Based on established national (AWMF) and international guidelines as well as the Cochrane Library, we performed a systematic literature search on PubMed (NLM), focusing on
randomised controlled trials.

Results Over the research period (2012 – 2020), there were 43 randomised trials that investigated surgical carpal tunnel release methods, 68 that compared different conservative
therapies and 12 that compared surgical versus conservative treatments. Furthermore, eight studies analysed surgical techniques and four analysed conservative techniques for cubital tunnel
syndrome. No randomised trials were conducted on the less common peripheral nerve compression syndromes, but case reports and observational studies were conducted.

Conclusion For carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes, there are evidence-based diagnostic methods as well as therapeutic recommendations based on randomised and controlled trials. When
diagnosis is made after clinical examination and supported by radiological and electrophysiological evaluation, surgical treatment is considered superior to conservative treatment. In
particular, excellent long-term results can be achieved by surgery for carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes. More controlled studies are needed to establish evidence-based therapeutic
recommendations for the less common nerve compression syndromes, which are somewhat controversially and inconsistently defined.
Convenient Synthesis of Benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolines from 1-Azadienes and Arynes
Authors: Tian Shi-Kai , Wang Qi , Wang Yan
Published: July 2021

An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolines through tandem [4+2] cycloaddition/ aromatization under transition-metal-free conditions. A range of aurone­-derived N-tosyl-1-azadienes smoothly reacted with arynes, generated­ in situ via fluoride ion-induced 1,2-elimination of 2-(trimethyl­silyl)aryl triflates, delivering structurally diverse benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolines in moderate to good yields.
Clinical and Radiological Phenotypes and Endotypes
Authors: José Ricardo J. , Loebinger Michael R.
Published: July 2021

Bronchiectasis is a heterogenous disease with multiple etiologies and associated comorbidities. As bronchiectasis is a complex disease, it is unsound to think of it as a single disease particularly when the differing etiologies are likely to be driving bronchiectasis through initial divergent molecular pathways, known as endotypes, that phenotypically present as the same disease due to protracted airway inflammation, but revealing potential differing underlying mechanisms that may have disparity of drug responses. Improved understanding of the cellular immune, inflammatory, and microbiological milieu associated with clinical and radiological features of bronchiectasis has resulted in the recognition of important endotypes and phenotypes that will allow for personalized treatments to improve quality of life and outcomes of patients with bronchiectasis. Here we discuss clinical and radiological phenotypes, as well as emerging molecular endotypes that are possible treatable traits in bronchiectasis.
Bronchiectasis Exacerbations: Definitions, Causes, and Acute Management
Authors: Perl Sivan , Shteinberg Michal
Published: July 2021

Pulmonary exacerbations (PExs) are events in the course of bronchiectasis which are defined as an increase in disease symptoms lasting a period of a few days. It is established that the tendency toward having PEx is stable throughout the course of the disease. Certain conditions were found to be associated with an increased risk of developing a PEx. Among these are chronic airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Aspergillus species, concomitant airway diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic rhinosinusitis), genetic factors such as primary ciliary dyskinesia, and nutritional factors. The immediate events underlying the onset of a PEx are less clearly determined. Although acute changes in bacterial airway composition have been the paradigm for decades, recent microbiome-focused research has not uniformly established such acute changes at the onset of PEx. Other acute changes such as air pollution, viral infection, and changes in bacterial metabolic activity have also been implicated as causes of a PEx. Despite these gaps in our knowledge of the biology of PEx, antimicrobial therapy directed against the identified pathogens in sputum is currently the recommended therapeutic strategy. Various long-term therapies, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory strategies, have been proven effective in reducing the frequency of PEx, leading to a recommendation for the use of these strategies in people with frequent PEx.
Long-Term Antibiotics in Bronchiectasis
Authors: Suarez-Cuartin Guillermo , Hernandez-Argudo Marta , Perea Lidia , Sibila Oriol
Published: July 2021

A significant proportion of bronchiectasis patients are chronically infected by potentially pathogenic microorganisms which may lead to frequent exacerbations and worse clinical outcomes. Current bronchiectasis guidelines recommend long-term inhaled antibiotics and/or oral macrolides as a part of patient management. In recent years, an increasing amount of evidence assessing the impact of these treatments on patient outcomes has been collected. Inhaled antibiotics have demonstrated significant improvements in sputum bacterial load, but their impact on patient quality of life, lung function, and exacerbation rate has not been consistent across trials. In this regard, recent post hoc analyses of inhaled antibiotics trials in bronchiectasis patients have shown that sputum bacterial load may be a key biomarker to predict treatment response in these patients. Oral macrolides, on the other hand, have proven to reduce exacerbation frequency and improve quality of life, but potential drug-related adverse effects and the increase in bacterial resistance are relevant. This review aims to summarize current important evidence for long-term antibiotic treatment in bronchiectasis patients.
Disentangling the Psycholinguistic Loci of Anomia with Cognitive Psychometric Models
Authors: Walker Grant M.
Published: July 2021

This article reviews advanced statistical techniques for measuring impairments in object naming, particularly in the context of stroke-induced aphasia. Traditional testing strategies can be challenged by the multifaceted nature of impairments that arise due to the complex relationships between localized brain damage and disruption to the cognitive processes required for successful object naming. Cognitive psychometric models can combine response-type analysis with item-response theory to yield accurate estimates of multiple abilities using data collected from a single task. The models also provide insights about how the test items can be challenging in different ways. Although more work is needed to fully optimize their clinical utility in practice, these formal concepts can guide thoughtful selection of stimuli used in treatment or assessment, as well as providing a framework to interpret response-type data.
Novel Nonproprietary Measures of Ambulatory Electronic Health Record Use Associated with Physician Work Exhaustion
Authors: Sinha Amrita , Shanafelt Tait D. , Trockel Mickey , Wang Hanhan , Sharp Christopher
Published: July 2021

Background Accumulating evidence indicates an association between physician electronic health record (EHR) use after work hours and occupational distress including burnout. These studies are based on either physician perception of time spent in EHR through surveys which may be prone to bias or by utilizing vendor-defined EHR use measures which often rely on proprietary algorithms that may not take into account variation in physician's schedules which may underestimate time spent on the EHR outside of scheduled clinic time. The Stanford team developed and refined a nonproprietary EHR use algorithm to track the number of hours a physician spends logged into the EHR and calculates the Clinician Logged-in Outside Clinic (CLOC) time, the number of hours spent by a physician on the EHR outside of allocated time for patient care.

Objective The objective of our study was to measure the association between CLOC metrics and validated measures of physician burnout and professional fulfillment.

Methods Physicians from adult outpatient Internal Medicine, Neurology, Dermatology, Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology, and Endocrinology departments who logged more than 8 hours of scheduled clinic time per week and answered the annual wellness survey administered in Spring 2019 were included in the analysis.

Results We observed a statistically significant positive correlation between CLOC ratio (defined as the ratio of CLOC time to allocated time for patient care) and work exhaustion (Pearson's r = 0.14; p = 0.04), but not interpersonal disengagement, burnout, or professional fulfillment.

Conclusion The CLOC metrics are potential objective EHR activity-based markers associated with physician work exhaustion. Our results suggest that the impact of time spent on EHR, while associated with exhaustion, does not appear to be a dominant factor driving the high rates of occupational burnout in physicians.
Opioid Prescribing for Proximal Row Carpectomy versus Four-Corner Arthrodesis
Authors: Moran Thomas E. , Akinleye Sheriff D. , Demers Alex J. , Forster Grace L. , DeGeorge Brent R.
Published: July 2021

Background Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) and four-corner arthrodesis (4-CA) represent motion-sparing procedures for addressing degenerative wrist pathologies. While both procedures demonstrate comparable functional outcomes, postoperative pain presents a surgical challenge that often necessitates the use of opioids.

Objectives The aim of this study was to (1) compare opioid prescribing patterns surrounding PRC and 4-CA, (2) identify risk factors predisposing patients to increased perioperative and prolonged postoperative opioids, and (3) examine the association between opioids and perioperative health care utilization.

Patients and Methods PearlDiver Patients Records Database was used to retrospectively identify patients undergoing primary PRC and 4-CA between 2010 and 2018. Patient demographics, comorbidities, prescription drug usage, and perioperative health care utilization were evaluated. Perioperative opioid prescriptions and post-operative opioid prescriptions were recorded. Logistic regression analysis evaluated the association of patient risk factors.

Results There was no significant difference in perioperative (PRC [odds ratio {OR}: 0.84, p = 0.788]; 4-CA [OR: 0.75, p = 0.658]) or prolonged postoperative opioid prescriptions (PRC [OR: 0.95, p = 0.927]; 4-CA [OR: 0.99, p = 0.990]) between PRC and 4-CA. Chronic back pain and use of benzodiazepines or anticonvulsants were associated with increased risks of prolonged postoperative opioids. Prolonged postoperative opioids presented increased risks of emergency department visits (OR: 2.09, p = 0.019) and hospital readmissions (OR: 10.2, p = 0.003).

Conclusion No significant differences exist in the prescription of opioids for PRC versus 4-CA. Both procedures have high amounts of prolonged postoperative opioid use, which is associated with increased risks of emergency department visits and hospital readmissions.

Level of Evidence This is a level III, retrospective comparative study.
Prior Thromboembolic Disease and Assisted Reproductive Therapy
Authors: Jacobsen Anne Flem , Sandset Per Morten
Published: July 2021

Assisted reproductive therapy (ART) increases the risk of venous thrombosis (VT) by 2- to 4-fold, whereas pregnancy increases the risk by 5- to 10-fold. Women with a history of VT undergoing ART are often suggested thromboprophylaxis. The literature is scarce and international guidelines are lacking. We made a review of the literature and base our suggestions primarily on expert opinions. We suggest women with a prior VT to use low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis starting from ovarian stimulation, throughout pregnancy, and 6 weeks postpartum. Assessment of VT risk should be done prior to ART. Adjustment of treatment to minimize the thrombotic risk, such as preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, single-embryo transfer, cryopreservation, and transfer of frozen embryos instead of fresh embryo in high-risk women, is suggested. Women with previous arterial thrombosis should continue aspirin during ART treatment, pregnancy, and postpartum.
Emotion regulation of social exclusion: a cross-cultural study
Authors: He Zhenhong , Muhlert Nils , Elliott Rebecca
Published: July 2021

Social exclusion is harmful to basic human needs. Emotion regulation represents a potential coping strategy. As culture can influence how people react and regulate their emotions, this study examined whether emotional reaction and regulation in response to social exclusion differ between individualistic and collectivistic cultures. A total of 80 college students, half White (n = 40, recruited in Manchester, UK) and half East Asian (n = 40, recruited in Shenzhen, China) viewed social exclusion pictures expressed by same-race or other-race characters. Both groups of participants viewed these pictures under no-reappraisal (passive viewing) and reappraisal (reinterpretation) conditions. Participants rated their vicarious negative emotional experience after each picture presentation. Results showed that both White and East Asian participants expressed greater negative emotion and showed stronger emotion regulation effects when facing own-race social exclusion, i.e., the “own-race bias”. In addition, White participants were more capable of regulating the negative emotions elicited by social exclusion compared to East Asian participants. Findings highlight the importance of considering the role of culture in emotional reaction to and emotion regulation of social exclusion, which may help the development of appropriate interventions across diverse populations.
Grain growth stagnation in solid state thin films: A phase-field study
Authors: Verma M. , Mukherjee R.
Published: July 2021

Grain boundary grooving significantly affects the grain growth behavior in a polycrystalline thin film with columnar grain structure by partial or complete pinning of moving grain boundaries. Theoretically, it can be shown that the stagnation of grain growth can occur for certain combinations of grain size and film thickness, for which grain boundaries cannot escape from the groove root. However, in real systems, grooves attached with the grain boundaries can migrate along with the moving grain boundaries. The possibility for stagnation arises when a groove behaves like a notch fixed at the surface. Such a condition can arise if the surface diffusivity is sufficiently reduced after stable groove formation using surface treatment. In the present study, grain growth in a solid-state thin film is investigated using a three-dimensional phase-field method that allows grains of a solid phase to be in equilibrium with a vapor phase at a constant temperature. The model captures the essential physics of surface diffusion-controlled thermal grooving and its interaction with a moving grain boundary. From the phase-field simulations, three possible interactions between the grain boundary and the groove are identified: stagnation of grain boundary, grain boundary-groove detachment, and coupled movement of the groove and the grain boundary.
Cation mixing in Wadsley-Roth phase anode of lithium-ion battery improves cycling stability and fast Li+ storage
Authors: Lv Zeheng , Zhu He , Meng Weiwei , Wei Licheng , Yang Yang , Zhang Yufei , Ye Minghui , Li Cheng Chao
Published: July 2021

Developing advanced electrode materials with high stability and high ion-diffusion rate is vital for the success of high-rate lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the commonly used modification strategies such as carbon coating, nanoarchitecture engineering, and introducing oxygen vacancies are unavoidably meeting with the problems of high cost and complicated preparation process. Herein, we report cation-mixing effect enhanced fast Li+ storage in Wadsley-Roth phase Fe-Ti-Nb oxide (FTNO) materials by a facile solution combustion method. Co-existence of Fe3+ and Ti4+ in the crystallographic shear structure leads to enhanced cation-mixing effect with cations short-range order (SRO) in FTNO materials, thus resulting in outstanding capabilities of fast Li+ storage/diffusion, robust structure and low charge transfer resistance compared with the analogues of FeNb11O29 and Ti2Nb10O29. Consequently, a high-capacity retention of 71.8% is achieved upon 10 000 cycles at 10 C. Most importantly, the feasibilities of FTNO are also systematically verified in various practical electrochemical energy storage devices containing conventional lithium-ion full battery (FTNOǁLiFePO4), high-power lithium-ion hybrid capacitor [FTNOǁactive carbon (AC)], and novel dual-ion battery [FTNOǁmesocarbon microbeads (MCMB)]. It is worth noting that the FTNOǁMCMB with high output voltage of 3 V delivers a capacity of 105.7 mAh g−1, implying a great potential of FTNO applied in dual-ion batteries.
Probing dynamics of nanoparticle chains formation during magnetic hyperthermia using time-dependent high-frequency hysteresis loops
Authors: Mille N. , De Masi D. , Faure S. , Asensio J. M. , Chaudret B. , Carrey J.
Published: July 2021

The heating power of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) submitted to high-frequency magnetic fields is generally probed using calorimetric methods, which suppose that the heating power does not evolve with time. Among the several parameters governing MNP heating properties, their organization into chains under the influence of the applied magnetic field is of key importance, though the dynamic of this phenomenon has been rarely studied experimentally. In the present article, time-resolved high-frequency hysteresis loops are used to probe the dynamics of chain formation on a sample of 17.3 ± 2.2 nm FeNi3 MNPs. Chains are formed on a timescale, which strongly depends on the magnetic field amplitude, ranging from several tens of seconds to less than 100 ms, but does not depend on frequency in the range studied here (from 9 to 78 kHz). Both the heating power and hysteresis loop squareness increase with time as chains progressively form. These findings have important methodological consequences when defining protocols or analyzing data issued from calorimetric measurements since, in samples where chains form, the heating power varies on a time scale that can be comparable to typical measurement times.
Micropropagation of the therapeutic-honey plants
Authors: Darby Ian D. , Hosseini Bai Shahla , Wallace Helen M. , Trueman Stephen J.
Published: July 2021

Demand for therapeutic honey is driving establishment of Leptospermum plantations. This study developed micropropagation methods for two species – Leptospermum polygalifolium Salisb. and L. scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. The study determined how shoot proliferation and adventitious rooting were influenced by the original explant position on the seedling and the concentration of benzyladenine (BA) in the proliferation medium. Hormone-free node culture was highly effective for both species. Nodal explants often formed roots in the absence of BA and developed elongated axillary shoots. Median shoot numbers of 584 and 659 were formed in 31–32 weeks from a single L. polygalifolium or L. scoparium seed, respectively. A low BA dose was effective for callogenesis and shoot proliferation of L. polygalifolium, but not L. scoparium. The median number of shoots produced from a single L. polygalifolium seed was 630 using 2.22-μM BA. This dose induced extremely high shoot numbers in some clones because explants often produced extensive callus and multiple short shoots. Shoots formed adventitious roots without indole-3-butyric acid and plantlets were acclimatised to nursery conditions. The original explant position did not influence shoot proliferation or adventitious rooting. Leptospermum polygalifolium and L. scoparium proved amenable to micropropagation, facilitating rapid establishment of nectar plantations.
Predicting the SARS-CoV-2 effective reproduction number using bulk contact data from mobile phones
Authors: Rüdiger Sten , Konigorski Stefan , Rakowski Alexander , Edelman Jonathan Antonio , Zernick Detlef , Thieme Alexander , Lippert Christoph
Published: July 2021

Significance

Numerous COVID-19 studies used mobile phone data but with limited power in accounting for infection numbers. We have evaluated deidentified Global Positioning System (GPS) data from over 1 million devices in Germany and inferred contacts from coproximity of devices. Through calculating the contact graphs, we derived a contact index (CX) that exhibits a high correlation with the incidence-based reproduction number

R

so that changes in CX precede those in

R

by more than 2 wk. CX thus is an early indicator for outbreaks and can be used to guide social-distancing policies. Further questions, including those for the efficacy of vaccination, can be addressed with our method. We discuss limitations, e.g., transmission on international travel, and the relation to superspreading.
Time evolution law of a two-mode squeezed light field passing through twin diffusion channels
Authors: Yu Hai-Jun , Fan Hong-Yi
Published: July 2021

We explore the time evolution law of a two-mode squeezed light field (pure state) passing through twin diffusion channels, and we find that the final state is a squeezed chaotic light field (mixed state) with entanglement, which shows that even though the two channels are independent of each other, since the two modes of the initial state are entangled with each other, the final state remains entangled. Nevertheless, although the squeezing (entanglement) between the two modes is weakened after the diffusion, it is not completely removed. We also highlight the law of photon number evolution. In the calculation process used in this paper, we make full use of the summation method within the ordered product of operators and the generating function formula for two-variable Hermite polynomials.
High-energy x-ray diffraction study on phase transition asymmetry of plastic crystal neopentylglycol
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Chen Yan-Na , Qi Ji , Zhang Zhao , Ohara Koji , Sakata Osami , Zhang Zhi-Dong , Li Bing
Published: July 2021

As a prototype material of colossal barocaloric effects, neopentylglycol is investigated by combining high-precision differential scanning calorimetric measurement and high-energy x-ray diffraction measurement. The diffraction data at constant temperatures indicate a first-order phase transition with thermal hysteresis as well as the phase transition asymmetry, specifically, the phase transition is completed faster at cooling than at heating. The analysis of resulting pair distribution function confirms the intermolecular disorder in the high-temperature phase. The phase transition asymmetry is quantitatively characterized by time-resolved x-ray diffraction, which is in agreement with the thermal measurement. Also, such an asymmetry is observed to be suppressed at high pressures.
Invariable mobility edge in a quasiperiodic lattice
Authors: Liu Tong , Cheng Shujie , Zhang Rui , Ruan Rongrong , Jiang Houxun
Published: July 2021

We analytically and numerically study a 1D tight-binding model with tunable incommensurate potentials. We utilize the self-dual relation to obtain the critical energy, namely, the mobility edge. Interestingly, we analytically demonstrate that this critical energy is a constant independent of strength of potentials. Then we numerically verify the analytical results by analyzing the spatial distributions of wave functions, the inverse participation rate and the multifractal theory. All numerical results are in excellent agreement with the analytical results. Finally, we give a brief discussion on the possible experimental observation of the invariable mobility edge in the system of ultracold atoms in optical lattices.
Predictions of COVID-19 Spread by Using Supervised Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Awadh Wid Akeel , Alasady Ali Salah , Mustafa Hadeel Ismail
Published: July 2021

In the wake of the outbreak of the new coronavirus, the countries in the world have fought to combat the spread of infection and imposed preventive measures to compel the population to social distancing, which led to a global crisis. Important strategies must be studied and identified to prevent and control the spread of coronavirus COVID-19 disease 2019. In this paper, the effect of preventive strategies on COVID-19 spread was studied, a model based on supervised data mining algorithms was presented and the best algorithm was suggested on the basis of accuracy. In this model, three classifiers (Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron and J48) depended on the questionnaires filled out by Basra City respondents. The questionnaires consisted of 25 questions that covered fields most related to and that affect the prevention of COVID-19 spread, including demographic, psychological, health management, cognitive, awareness and preventive factors. A total of 1017 respondents were collected. This model was developed using Weka 3.8 tool. Results showed that quarantine played an important role in controlling the spread of the disease. By comparing the accuracy of the algorithms used, the best algorithm was found to be J48.
Analysis of shoreline changes using the bilko method on landsat imagery in Karawang regency (1999-2019)
Authors: Arum Y P
Published: July 2021

Karawang Regency is one of the districts in Indonesia which has the longest coastal area, with a length of 76.42 km and an area of around 1,168.85 km2 of coast. The dominant process that occurs on the coast of Karawang Regency is abrasion and the coastline retreating between 50-300 meters in a direction. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of shoreline changes that occurred in Karawang Regency using multi-time Landsat imagery with a tidal approach. The result Changes in the shoreline were more dynamic during the period 1999 - 2009 with an abrasion area of 8611954m2 and an accretion of 5471645m2. This is because during that period, there were two different types of tides, where in 1999 there was a mixed-semidiurnal (Double Leaning), while in 2009 the tide was mixed-diurnal (Leaning Tunggal). Then for the period 2009 - 2019, there was the same type of tide, namely the mixed-diurnal type tide (Leaning Tunggal), which caused the detected coastline to experience slight changes. Each segment experienced different line changes in each study period due to variations in slope, land cover, and river estuary morphology.
Synthesized and characterization nanosized synthesis Fe3O4powder from natural iron sand
Authors: Syahida A N , Sutanto H , Alkian I , Irianti F D D , Wibowo A A , Priyono P
Published: July 2021

This study aims to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles from natural iron sand as a starting material. The synthesis process was carried out by the coprecipitation method at a synthesis stirring rate of 270 rpm. Fe3O4 nanoparticle samples’ characterization process was carried out using scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), which produced a particle size of 10.76nm, and the Fe content of the sample was 60.96%. Characterization using X-ray diffraction resulted in a crystal size of 12.49 nm and a magnetite phase (Fe3O4) content of 48%. XRD characterization also showed the presence of another phase peak of NH4Cl. NH4Cl contaminants can be degraded by repeated washing using distilled water. This study proves that this synthesis can degrade other elements in natural iron sand to produce Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Characterization structure of Fe3O4@PEG-4000 nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method
Authors: Irianti F D D , Sutanto H , Priyono P , Wibowo A A , Syahida A N , Alkian I
Published: July 2021

Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) from natural iron sand with PEG-4000 have been successfully synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Natural iron sand was from Kulon Progo beach. Extraction of natural iron sand was separated with a magnet permanent as a precursor. The result of extraction was dissolved by acid chloride (HCl) solution. Precipitation process has been finished after added ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) solution and added polyethylene glycol (PEG)-4000. This solution was dried until it formed a black precipitate. Magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The quantitative and qualitative analyzes on XRD were using the Profex 4.2.0 application and Joint Committee Powder on Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) No. 19-0629, respectively. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully formed as indicated by the bonding of Fe-O. The results obtained in this study were the crystalline size of 11-13 nm with lattice parameters of 8.3758 Å for Fe3O4 and 8.3589 Å for Fe3O4 added with PEG. Fe nanoparticles were more dominant with wt% above 65%, which was confirmed by the EDX results. The addition of PEG mass resulted in the smaller crystallite size of the nanoparticles.
The effect of 6 hours stirring time on natural iron sand base on magnetics Fe3O4 nanoparticle by sonification
Authors: Wibowo A A , Sutanto H , Priyono P , Syahida A N , Irianti F D D , Alkian I
Published: July 2021

In this research, ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) from natural iron sand have been synthesized by co-precipitation technique with varying stirring time and sonification process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 6 hours of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on the resulting crystal size. The different structures and properties of the synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Energy Dispersion X-ray (EDX), respectively. XRD and SEM produced mean crystal sizes over the range of 13.93 nm and particle sizes of 14.8 nm. The EDX test explained that the Fe3O4 compound was successfully formed at 6.00 KeV. FTIR showed the element content of Fe-O at 555 cm-1. This study’s results indicate the MNPs synthesis process at 6 hours and the sonification process can produce Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a minimum size at the optimal time compared to synthesis at 8 hours, 7 hours, and 5 hours.
Online monitoring of water pollution level based on dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) using wireless sensor system
Authors: Sugiharto W H , Ghozali M I , Suryono S , Susanto H , Budihardjo M A
Published: July 2021

In the case of water pollution, including the sea, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, usually when measuring the parameter of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values exceeds the pollution level. Online and continuous monitoring is essential to monitor water conditions so that if there is pollution, it can be immediate handling. Wireless sensor network technology becomes part of the Internet of Things makes it possible for online data acquisition from several node stations that are spread in monitoring locations. This paper purpose the online BOD dan DO data acquisition continuously builds with combine the wireless sensor system and database replication concept. From implementing a database replication method for online monitoring of water pollution level, database replication continuously ensures consistency and prevents redundant data between node sensor station and server database, and provides reliable information on the www website.
Modification of the analyzer on electrooptics for cooking oil quality testing
Authors: Sugito H , Utomo G N , Firdausi K S , Sumariyah S , Khumaeni A
Published: July 2021

The importance of cooking oil for human consumption makes cooking oil needs to be aware of its quality. This research aims to design electrooptic devices by making modifications to the analyzer. The results of the ink design are used to test the quality of cooking oil. The method used in this tool is based on the electrooptical properties of cooking oil. Because the optical properties or the polarization angle used as an indicator of the quality of cooking oil is relatively very small, it is necessary to modify the analyzer on the existing electrooptics to avoid parallax errors and increase the effectiveness in measurement. Modifications were made by adding a stepper motor as an actuator, gears that intersect with certain radius ratios, and an ATMega 328P microcontroller for data controller and processing. in the cooking oil quality test, it can be distinguished oil that has expired and is still suitable for consumption based on the average value of the change in the polarization angle.
PV/T solar collector performance evaluation: generation of fuzzy rules by using weighted subsethood-based algorithm
Authors: Khalili N N W , Othman M , Bakar M N A , Abdullah L , Ramli N
Published: July 2021

A photovoltaic/thermal solar collector operates efficiently if the surrounding conditions are in a favorable state; where the factors or parameters such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, photovoltaic collector temperature and air mass flow rates are taken into consideration to ensure the performance of the collector achieves optimum level. Dependency on surrounding conditions limited the width of analysis that could be done on the factors affecting the performance of the solar collector. This study aims to generate fuzzy rules for solar collector performance evaluation. Experiments on the performance of a single passage air photovoltaic/thermal solar collector have been carried out, and a set of membership functions representing all significant factors has been generated. Then fuzzy rules of forecasting were developed using a weighted subsethood-based algorithm to predict the efficiency of the photovoltaic/thermal solar collector. In this fuzzy time series application, the concept of fuzzy rule-based systems was embedded to generate fuzzy if-then rules. The results showed that the PV/T solar collector performance with changes in parameters could be predicted based on the fuzzy rules that have been generated, and thus further could be used to determine the optimum factors conditions required to achieve optimum collector performance without having to carry out experiments.