bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physico-chemical and Phyto-chemical Standardization of a Potent Unani Cardiovascular drug Saad Kufi (Cyperus scariosus R. Br)
Authors: Nafees Sana , Nafees Huda , Rehman Sumbul , Rahman Syed Ziaur , Yousuf Amin Kunwar Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Background: Standardization of a single potent Unani drug Saad Kufi is a must for maintaining and assessing the quality and safety as to attain the desired therapeutic effect. This will help prepare the ideal monograph which will serve in establishing its authenticity, quality, safety and reproducibility.
Aim: The study aims to prepare the ideal monograph of the Saad Kufi (Cyperus scariosus R.Br)which is an important cardiovascular drug.
Methodology: Physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical analyses were carried out according to the guidelines given by WHO.
Result: Saad Kufi powder was coarse, brown incolor, Agreeable smell, and Tasteless. Total ash, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, loss in weight on drying, pH (1% and 10% solution) were found to be16.3±0.07, 8.616±0.20, 3.1±0.30, 8.5±0.173, 5.76±0.08 and 5.23±0.08 respectively. The crude fibre content was 46.43±0.19 The Phytochemical screening revealed the presence ofalkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, sterols, glycosides, Cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, sterols/ terpenes and volatile oil. TLC studies of various extracts of drugs obtained in different solvent system have been conducted and Rf values of various spots in different solvent systems have been noted in day light, UV light and after treatment with iodine vapours. The Rf values in the given solvent are used to characterize the drugs identity and purity.
Conclusion: The above findings could be considered for laying down pharmacopoeial standards. No data exhibits in this regard to compare with, thus our findings may be considered as standard for future references.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 04 October’22 Page : 858-864
A Five-Year Retrospective Study on Fractured Orbital Walls: A Spearman Correlation Analysis
Authors: W Ahmad Wan Muhamad Amir , Noor Nor Farid Mohd , Shaari Ramizu , Roslan Nik Airulisraq Nik , Mustapa Nurul Husna , Adnan Mohamad Nasarudin , Ghazali Farah Muna Mohamad , Yaqoob Muhammad Azeem , Akbar Nurul Asyikin Nizam , Aleng Nor Azlida , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: September 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find propotion of fractured orbital walls in the maxillofacial trauma cases and its associated maxillofacial fracture treated in the Oral Maxillofacial Clinic Oral Maxillofacial ward and operation theatre of Hospital USM in Kelantan, Malaysia.
Materials and methods: From July 2013 to June 2018, records of patients who sustained maxillofacial fractures and presented them to the Accident and Emergency Department, Oral Maxillofacial Clinic, Hospital USM were reviewed, recorded, and analyzed. There are 294 patients whose data has been collected because they met the inclusion criteria. Each patient with a complete medical record was reviewed. Data were collected under the variables: Zygomatic Complex, Zygomatic Arch, Nasal, Maxillary Sinus, Le Fort I, Le Fort II, Le Fort III, Orbital Wall, Alveolar Process, Symphysis of Mandible, Condyle of Mandible, Ramus of Mandible, Maxillary Bone and Mandibular Bone of maxillofacial fracture. The fractured orbital walls in these cases was reviewed. At the first stage, all the selected variables will be screened for their important clinical point of view. The SPSS software version 26.0 was used to determine all possible factors contributing to orbital wall fracture.
Results: This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the medical records of 294 patients with maxillofacial fracture treated in the Oral Maxillofacial Clinic and Oral Maxillofacial ward, Hospital USM. There were 228 (77.3%) men and 66 (22.4%) women included in this study. The most common age range is 11-20 years (39.8%), 21-30 years (26.2%). Maxillary Bone Fracture (0.371; p <0.05), Maxillary Sinus Fracture (0.180; p <0.05), Zygomatic Arch Fracture (0.127; p <0.05) were found to be the most affected site, which had a positive correlation with an orbital fracture of the maxillofacial trauma cases. A path analysis based on the Spearman correlation was developed by taking into account significant correlations at the level of 0.05.
Conclusion: Using the matrix spearman correlation, multiple response analysis (MRA), path analysis, we discovered a clear connection between orbital wall fracture and several other factors. This discovery will aid in the understanding of the most common fracture and the causes of orbital wall fracture in maxillofacial trauma. The Zygomatic Arch Fracture, Maxillary Sinus Fracture, and Maxillary Bone Fracture were found to have a significant relationship with the orbital wall when the significance level was set at 0.05.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 04 October’22 Page : 744-750
Role of Alphacalcidol to Reduce Pain and Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zaki Achmad , Prihartono Nurhayati Adnan , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto , Djuwita Ratna , Prasetyo Sabarinah , TuaLubis Andri Maruli , Rimbawan Rimbawan , Rahim Agus Hadian
Published: September 2022

Objective : To determine the effect of Alphacalcidol supplementation on pain based on WOMAC pain index and joint cartilage condition based on cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) serum markers in knee osteoarthritis (OA) elderly patients.
Materials andMethods : This is a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Symptomatic knee OA elderly subjects visited our clinic in Jakarta July-December 2017 were recruited. History taking, physical examinations, and knee radiology were performed. Serum Vitamin D (25(OH)D) and COMP were analysed using chemiluminescent immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Body mass index, physical activity, sun exposure frequency, and dietary vitamin D were assessed. Subjects were randomly allocated to either intervention group to be given 1 μg Alphacalcidol or control group to be given placebo for 12 weeks. Comparation analysis of WOMAC pain index and serum COMP concentration between both groups was performed.
Results : There were 146 subjects participated this study. Increases of 25(OH)D were found in intervention group (2.63 ±11.24 nmol/L, p=0.05) and control groups (1.09±9.42 nmol/L, p=0.28). Alphacalcidol significantly reduced pain based on WOMAC indicator with mean reduction differences of intervention group compared to control group was 2.174±1.060 (p=0.00). COMP serum level was reduced with mean reduction differences of intervention group compared to control group was 38.15±87.553 ng/ ml (p=0.39). Alphacalcidol and gender were the determinants of WOMAC pain index reduction (p=0.00 and p=0.06, respectively) while Alphacalcidol was the only serum COMP level change determinant (p=0.39).
Conclusions :Alphacalcidol administration reduced pain based on WOMAC indicator and COMP serum in knee OA elderly subjects.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 04 October’22 Page : 759-771
Erzurum İlinde Karaağaçlarda (Ulmus glabra Hudson) Zararlı Tinocallis (Sappocallis) saltans (Nevsky, 1929) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’ın Popülasyon Değişimi ve Predatörleri
Authors: ZEYBEK Edanur , TOZLU Göksel
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma, Erzurum (Atatürk Üniversitesi Kampüsü)’da 2016 ve 2017 yıllarının mayıs-eylül ayları arasında Karaağaç (Ulmus glabra Hudson) bitkisinde yoğun olarak zararına rastlanan Tinocallis (sappocallis) saltans (Nevsky, 1929) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’ın popülasyon değişimi ve predatörlerini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Türkiye’de bu karaağaç türü üzerinde T. saltans ilk kez bu çalışma ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, araziden 4 gün aralıklarla karaağaç sürgünleri alınarak laboratuvar ortamına getirilmiş, ergin ve nimf sayımları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, predatör türler atrap, japon şemsiyesi, aspiratör ve direk elle yakalama yöntemleriyle toplanmışlardır. Predatör türlerin ergin öncesi dönemleri de bulunduğu sürgünlerle laboratuvara getirilmiş ve kültüre alınarak ergin çıkışları sağlanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, T. saltans’ın 2016 yılında 27 Temmuz (56.83 ergin+nimf), 4 Ağustos (52.32 ergin+nimf) ve 24 Ağustos (47.66 ergin+nimf), 2017 yılında ise 12 Ağustos (39.36 ergin+nimf) tarihinde yaprak başına en fazla birey sayısına ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Coccinellidae (Coleoptera)’den 4 (Adalia bipunctata (L.), Adalia fasciatopunctata revelieri Mulsant; Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Harmonia quadripunctata (Pontoppidan); Anthocoridae (Hemiptera)’den 1 (Orius horvathi Reut.), Nabidae (Hemiptera)’den 1 (Nabis pseudoferus Rem.); Syrphidae (Diptera)’den 5 (Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer), Eristalis pratorum (Meigen), Sphaerophoria rueppelli (Wiedemann), Sphaerophoria scripta (L.), Syritta pipiens (L.)) ve Chrysopidae (Neuroptera)’den 1 (Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)) tür olmak üzere toplamda 12 predatör tür saptanmıştır. Bu türlerden sırasıyla A. f. revelieri (39 birey), H. quadripunctata (21 birey), C. punctata ve Ch. carnea (16 birey) ve E. balteatus (14 birey) en fazla bireyi elde edilen türler olmuşlardır. Bu predatör türlerin hepsi için T. saltans, Türkiye’de ilk kez bu çalışmada yeni av olarak kaydedilmiş durumdadırlar. Bu türe karşı yapılacak mücadele çalışmalarında özellikle predatörlerinin dikkate alınması büyük önem taşımaktadır.
‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ (Subgroup 16SrXII-A) Associated with Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Abnormality in Turkey
Authors: RANDA ZELYÜT Filiz , SANTOSA Adyatma Irawan , KARANFİL Ali
Published: September 2022

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is among the agricultural products with the highest added value in Turkey. Although frequently associated with its negative effects on human health, it also provides important contributions to the Turkish economy with the employment it creates in rural areas and continues to be a strategic product. Many postgraduate theses and studies related to the sociological and economic importance of the production of this plant, which is of great importance for our country, have been carried out. However, there are very limited studies on plant diseases in tobacco production areas in Turkey. Phytoplasma is one of the important plant pathogens that cause yield loss in tobacco. Since available data on phytoplasma diseases on tobacco was very scarce worldwide, field surveys to collect samples showing phytoplasma infection-like symptoms such as yellowish color changes, leaf blisters, proliferation, dwarfism, and other physical abnormalities were carried out in Çanakkale and Balıkesir provinces of Turkey from June to August 2021. The presence of phytoplasmas in six samples was confirmed by 16S ribosomal DNA amplification by nested-PCR using universal phytoplasma primer sets, which also suggested the pathogen associated with the symptoms on tobacco. According to phylogenetic study and virtual-RFLP analysis using AluI and MseI endonuclease enzymes, the six Turkish tobacco phytoplasma strains all belong to group 16SrXII and have more than 99% nucleotide sequence identity with some members of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ of the taxonomic subgroup ‘stolbur’ (16SrXII-A). Genetic distances analysis indicated that group 16SrI was more closely related to 16SrXII than 16SrVI, in agreement with the groups clustering in the phylogenetic tree. Neutrality tests found that 16SrI and 16SrXII groups are experiencing expanding or bottleneck selections, probably due to new mutations in the 16S rRNA gene fragment. Meanwhile, 16SrVI populations are shown to be undergoing balancing selections, indicating that its isolates have evolved for a long time.
Arazi Toplulaştırmanın Tarıma ve Tarımsal Mekanizasyona Katkısı; Çanakkale-Biga-Dereköy Örneği
Authors: GÜRGENÇ IRMAKLI Pınar , AYDIN Arda
Published: September 2022

Artan nüfusun gıda talebini karşılayabilmek için toprak ve su kaynaklarının daha ekonomik ve etkin değerlendirilmesi ile birim alandan alınan verimin ve elde edilen gelirin arttırılması gerekmektedir. Ülkemizde mevcut tarım alanlarını etkin ve sürdürülebilir bir şekilde kullanımını engelleyen en önemli sorunların başında arazi parçacılığı gelmektedir. Arazi parçacılığı modern tarım tekniklerinin uygulanmasını zorlaştırarak ülke ekonomisine olumsuz etkile yaratmaktadır. Bu noktada, mevcut tarım alanlarını daha etkin kullanıp mekanizasyondan üst düzeyde faydalanmak için arazi toplulaştırma projeleri devreye girmiştir. Arazi toplulaştırma çalışmalarıyla küçük, şekilsiz, parçalı ve dağınık parsellerin bir bütün haline getirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Miras yoluyla parçalanan parsellerin bütünlüğü ve üretim devamlılığı amaçlanmıştır. Arazi toplulaştırması ile tarımsal mekanizasyona daha uygun olan dikdörtgen ve kare şekillerine getirilmiş her parselin yola sınırının da olmasıyla üretim faaliyetleri sırasında oluşabilecek en önemli girdilerden yakıt, iş gücü ve zamandan tasarruflar sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Çanakkale ili Biga ilçesi Dereköy mahallesinde tamamlanan arazi toplulaştırma çalışması verileri değerlendirilerek eski ve yeni durumlar incelenmiştir. Dereköy mahallesinde 341 ha alanda tamamlanan toplulaştırma projesi ile 1088 adet parsel sayısı 507 adet parsele düşürülmüş olup, toplulaştırma oranı %52.40’tır. Eski durumda ortalama parsel yüzölçümü 3.13 dekar iken toplulaştırma projesinin tamamlanmasıyla 6.58 dekara yükselmiş olup %82 oranında parsel büyüklüğü artışı sağlanmıştır. Parsel sayısının azalması ve parsel büyüklüğünün artmasıyla tarımsal mekanizasyondan ve üretim girdilerinden büyük ölçüde azalma olmuştur. Çalışmada rast gele seçilen bir çiftçinin eski durumda 8 parseli varken toplamı 34 dekar olan arazisinden köy merkezine gidiş dönüş için 25 km yol yapmaktadır. Toplulaştırma projesinin tamamlanmasıyla 8 parseli 2 parsele düşmüş ve bu iki parselin köy merkezine uzaklığı 5.5 km’ye düşmüştür. Çiftçinin yolu %78 oranında kısalmış olup mazot gibi en önemli girdinin %78 azalması çok önemli bir katkı sağlamıştır. Yolun kısalmasıyla traktörün amortisman giderlerinden tutunda üretim için harcadığı tüm girdilerinde yüksek oranda azalma sağlanmıştır. Projenin tamamlanmasıyla her parselin yolunun olması ve sulama kanalına bağlantısının olmasıyla üretimin devamlılığı sağlanmıştır. Kırsal alanda yaşayan halkın yaşam şartlarını rahatlatacak proje ile köyden kente geçişin engellenmesine katkı sağlandığı değerlendirilmektedir.
The Prediction of Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy Models By Using The Bayesian Approach for Modeling The Growth Curves in Holstein Calves
Authors: KOZAKLI Özge , HASAN Mubeen Ul , CEYHAN Ayhan
Published: September 2022

In cattle breeding, growth curves are used for determining the most appropriate slaughter age, obtaining information about the general health status of animals, estimating the age of sexual maturity and the age of use in breeding, and selection studies. The aim of this study is to estimate the growth curves of Holstein calves using the Bayesian Approach of Brody, Logistik, and Von Bertalanffy models. The live weight data was collected from 34 Holstein calves raised at the cattle research farm of Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Ayhan Şahenk Agricultural Research and Application Center in 2019. Furthermore, for estimating the frequency modeling of the Holstein breed the predicted parameter values and standard deviation of parameters were used as the prior information. The Bayesian approach was used for making the statistical analysis. Monte Carlo Method Markov Chains (MCMC) algorithms were used to estimate the posterior distributions and it was 900,000 in total while excluding the 8000 burn-up periods. Random distribution graphs and autocorrelation graphs were used to control the iterations for the detection of posterior distributions. In this study, no problems arising from iteration were found. Moreover, the distribution information of the Brody, Logistic, and Von Bertalanffy model was calculated for the results. The Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy model parameters distributions results can be used for modeling studies of the Holstein cattle breed. In addition, the compatibility of Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy models was investigated by using data set, mean information of the posterior distributions estimated at the end of the study. The information for Brody, Logistik, and Von Bertalanffy model parameters was calculated, and the results of the posterior distributions showed the Deviation Information Criteria (DIC) values. For the comparison between the three models DIC values were calculated as 55.19, 33.17 and 38.02, respectively, and it was decided that the most compatible model was the Bayesian Logistics Model. The Bayesian Logistic Model, which is decided to be the most compatible, is a study-specific result.
Effect of Green Tea Extract Concentrations on Sourdough Bread with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Authors: ALKAY Zühal , ERŞAHİN Elif , DURAK M. Zeki , SAĞDIÇ Osman
Published: September 2022

In this study, sourdough breads were made using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum starter isolated from traditional sourdoughs. The main objective of this study was the effect of green tea powder extracts (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%) on Lactiplantibacillus plantarum added sourdough bread. The dynamic rheological properties of the doughs were determined. Bread production was carried out and then texture analysis, specific volume, color analysis, DPPH and total phenolic analysis were performed. Frequency scanning test was used to determine viscoelastic properties. G' ˃ G'' was found in all doughs prepared using Lb. plantarum strain. The fact that G' ˃ G'' indicated that all sourdoughs exhibited elastic properties. It was observed that the hardness values of sourdough breads containing green tea powder extracts were lower compared to the control bread. The hardness of the other breads varied between 161.9-267.6 g. Bread containing green tea powder extract at 0.75% concentration had the lowest hardness value. It was observed that the specific volumes of the breads increased as the green tea powder extract concentration increased. The specific volumes values for the concentrations (0.25,0.50.0.75,1.0 and control) were 3.39,3.80,3.95,5.21 and 4.45 (mL g-1), respectively. In the color analysis of the breads, it was noted that as the ratio of green tea powder extract increased, the density increased. Another important parameter in our study is DPPH and total phenolic analysis. DPPH values of breads changed from 0.54 mmol g-1 to 1.46 mmol g-1. The antioxidant value increased as the concentration of green tea powder extract increased in sourdough breads. Sourdough bread containing 1.0% green tea powder extract had the highest antioxidant value, while control bread (0.54) had the lowest value. The total phenolic content (TPC) of sourdough breads made with green tea powder extract varied from 10.67 to 104.65 ug g-1. In the results, as the concentration of green tea powder extracts increased, the total phenolic content increased. A linear relationship between DPPH and total phenolic content was found. As a result, it can be said that green tea powder extracts improve the quality of sourdough breads.
Profitability of Melon Processing Among Women In Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: MUKAİLA Ridwan , OBETTA Angela , OGBU Maurice Chizoba
Published: September 2022

The processing of melon is a means of livelihood in Nigeria, especially among rural women. Its role cannot be overemphasised in the life of rural women who are vulnerable to poverty and food insecurity. Despite the vital role of melon processing on women’s livelihoods, little has been done on its economic potential. This study, therefore, analysed the economics and drivers of profit level of melon processing among women processors in Enugu state, Nigeria. A four-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 150 respondents. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin, logistic and multiple regressions. The results revealed that the majority of melon processors were married, adult, well experienced and had melon processing as their major occupation. Marital status, household size, cooperative memberships, income from melon processing and price of processed melon were the positive factors influencing melon processing while educational qualification negatively influenced it. Women melon processors had a net profit of N18,163.72 (US $47.68) per 50kg melon processed, return on capital invested of 0.39 and an operating ratio of 0.69. Thus, melon processing among the women was a profitable enterprise. The profitability of melon processing was influenced positively by market access, major occupation, price of processed melon and marital status but negatively influenced by the cost of processing and transportation cost. The study recommends government intervention by providing conducive and accessible markets, subsidising shelling machines and transportation cost to reduce the cost of processing which will, in turn, enhance the profitability of melon processing.
Isparta Elma Bahçelerinde Zararlı Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarına: Tetranychıdae) Popülasyonlarının Spiromesifen+Abamectin, Spirodiclofen, Milbemectin Direnç Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ULUKAYA Kevser , AY Recep
Published: September 2022

İki noktalı kırmızı örümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) elma bahçelerinde ekonomik kayıp oluşturan önemli zararlılardan birsidir. Kısa süreli biyolojileri nedeniyle kullanılan akarisitlere çok kısa sürede direnç geliştirmektedirler. Bu nedenle etkili bir kimyasal mücadele için T. urticae popülasyonlarının akarisitlere gösterdikleri duyarlılık düzeyleri periyodik olarak izlenmelidir. Bu çalışmada, Isparta ili ve ilçelerinden yoğun elma üretimi yapılan alanlardan toplanan 10 farklı T. urticae popülasyonun spiromesifen + abamectin karışım formülasyonuna, spirodiclofen ve milbemectin’ e karşı direnç oranları belirlenmiştir. Bu popülasyonların spiromesifen + abamectin karşımına, spirodiclofen ve milbemectin’ e karşı direnç olup olmadığını belirlemek için öncelikle T. urticae’ nin hassas yeşil formu (German susceptible strain; GSS) popülasyonun LC50 ve LC90 değerleri ilaçlama kulesi - yaprak disk yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Hassas popülasyon belirlenen LC90 değeri ayrıcı doz olarak kabul edilmiş ve toplanan T. urticae popülasyonlarına uygulanarak direnç olup olmadığı belirlemiştir. Ayrıcı dozda %80’ den daha az ölüm olan popülasyonlar dirençli kabul edilmiş ve LC50 değerleri belirlenmiştir. Bu bahçe popülasyonlarının LC50 değerleri hassas GSS popülasyonun LC50 değerine oranlanarak direnç oranları bulunmuştur. Ayrıcı doza göre spirmesifen + abamectin karışımına elma bahçelerinden toplanan 10 adet T. urticae popülasyonundan 6 popülasyon, spirodiclofen’ e 6, milbemectin’ e ise 3 popülasyon direnç geliştirmiştir. Bu bahçe popülasyonlarının LC50 değerleri spiromesifen + abamectin karışımına 1.01-168.35 mg a.i. l-1, spirodiclofen’e 0.43-3.32 mg a.i. l-1 ve milbemectin’e 1.41-2.79 mg a.i. l-1 arasında değişmiştir. Direnç oranları ise spiromesifen + abamectin karışımına 1.89 - 315.31 kat, spirodiclofen’e 6.49 - 13.01 kat, milbemectin’ e 2.98 - 5.89 kat arasında olmuştur. Elde edilen bu sonuçlara göre spiromesifen+abamectin karışımına bazı popülasyonlarda direnç gelişimi başlamış, bazılarında direnç gelişmiştir. Spiromesifen+abamectin karışımına direnç gelişmiş popülasyonlarda spirodiclofen ve milbemectin’ e de çapraz direnç gelişmiştir.
RetScreen Programı Kullanılarak Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraatbiyotek Binasına Uygulanabilecek Fotovoltaik Tasarımın Fizibilite Analizi
Authors: DİKEN Bahar , KAYİŞOĞLU Birol
Published: September 2022

Fosil kökenli yakıtların hızla azalması ve artan enerji talebi sonucunda ülkeler alternatif enerji kaynaklarına yönelmiştir. Fosil kaynaklara alternatif ve çevre dostu olan yenilenebilir kaynaklar ise temiz ve tükenmeyen enerji kaynaklarıdır. Güneş enerjisi de bu alternatif enerji kaynaklarından birisidir. Bu çalışma; RetScreen programı ile PV sistemi kurulumu yapılmadan önce, sistemin uygunluğunu analiz etmeyi ve performansını gözlemleyebilmeyi amaçlamıştır. PV sistemlerin performansını etkileyen özellikler; panelin konumu, eğim açısı, gölgelenme ve panel tipi gibi etmenler dikkate alınarak tasarlanmıştır. Gölge analizi Helioscope programı ile yapılmıştır. Gölge analizinde, ilk olarak coğrafi konum tanımlatılmıştır ve belirlenen parametreler sisteme girilmiştir. Ziraatbiyotek binası için 14 kW’lık güneş sistemin teknik, enerji ve ekonomik analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz 2 farklı senaryo şeklinde yapılarak, binada kurulacak güneş sistemin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri ortaya koyulmuştur. Çalışmanın yapıldığı Ziraatbiyotek binası Tekirdağ ili Süleymanpaşa ilçesi Naip Mahallesi’nde kurulmuştur. Ziraatbiyotek laboratuvar binası için GES santrali 405 m2 alana sahip 60 adet panel kullanılmıştır. Seçilen panelin markası Astronergy Solardır ve her biri 240 W güç kapasitesine sahiptir. RetScreen programına panel eğimi 30⁰, azimut açısı 0⁰ olarak girilmiştir. İki farklı senaryoda da panel tipi olarak polikristal kullanılmıştır. İlk senaryoda emisyon azaltım desteği dahil edilmemiş ve sistemin geri ödeme süresi 10.4 yıl, diğerinde ise 15$ tCO2-1 ile yıllık 142$ destek dahil edilmiş ve sistemin geri ödeme süresi 9.8 yıl olarak elde edilmiştir. Program ile elde edilen sonuçlara göre güneş paneli sistem ile üretilen 20.1 Wh’lık enerji 9.5 tCO2 sera gazı azalımı görülmüştür. Ziraatbiyotek binasına 14 kW’lık güneş enerjisi sistemi yapıldığı takdirde yıllık elektrik ihtiyacının yaklaşık %40’ını güneş enerjisinden karşılanmış olacağı elde edilmiştir.
Kilis Keçilerinin Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Laktasyon Süt Verimi ve Süt Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DAŞKIRAN İrfan , YILMAZ Ayhan , GÜNBEY Veysel Serkan
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma, Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süt kalite özellikleri arası ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Süt verimi ve laktasyon süresinin saptanmasında Kilis merkezde bulunan iki farklı işletmeden toplam 170 baş Kilis keçisi deneme materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süresine ilişkin tanımlayıcı değerler; 201.05±6.75 kg ve 225.22±7.75 gün olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma materyali keçilerde, süt kalite özellikleri olarak değerlendirilen toplam kuru madde (TKM), yağ (%), protein (%), laktoz (%), kazein (%) değerleri sırasıyla; 12.175± 0.125, 4.025± 0.088, 3.346±0.054, 4.068± 0,027, 2.563±0,040 olarak belirlenmiştir.

Araştırma sonucu, farklı keçi genotipleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, Kilis keçisinin gerek laktasyon süt verimi gerek süt bileşenleri açısından üstün özelliklere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, sütteki protein ve kazein oranının tatmin edici seviyede olması nedeniyle özellikle peynir üretiminde Kilis keçisinin önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Challenges Of Precision Agriculture Application In Pistachio Orchards: Factor Analysis From Iranian Agricultural Experts' Perspective
Authors: YAGHOUBİ Mehrnaz , NİKNAMİ Mehrdad
Published: September 2022

Iran's agriculture is globally well-known for its pistachio product. However, traditional management approaches and poor application of proper new technologies have brought reduced productivity and environmental hazards. In the information age, in order to transition from traditional to modern horticultural model, the application of precision agriculture model is appropriate. Therefore the purpose of the present study is to determine the challenges of precision agriculture application in pistachio orchards in Semnan province. The research method was survey. The statistical population were 187 horticultural experts of Semnan and counties' agricultural research center. By of Cochran formulae, 124 people were selected as sample. It was used a stratified random sampling method. In field study step, it was used the questionnaire as the main research tool. It was confirmed the face and content validity and reliability of research tool. The results of prioritizing the challenges of application of PA in pistachio orchards showed that the respondents’ point view, the lack of economic justification for PA from the point of view of gardeners in the area, fragmentation of lands and lack of integrated land management, lack of the technical infrastructure required for PA in orchards had the highest priority. Also, shortage of PA researches and the gap between research and extension, poor management of gardeners in the use of precision agricultural technologies, lack of providing consulting services to gardeners were identified as the least priority. Exploratory factor analysis results have demonstrated the exploitation of four factors, including investment and supportive, structural, human resource development and supply, finally organizational and program challenges.
Harmful and Benefical Insects Species Determined in Sugar Beet Areas in Çayırlı District of Erzincan Province and Short Biology of Spodoptera exigua (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: TEYMUROĞLU Ekin , ÇORUH Saliha
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted between 2019-2020 in Erzincan Province Çayırlı District to reveal beneficial and harmful species and the biology of Spodoptera exigua (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is an important pest in sugar beet cultivation area. The study area designated as “Erzincan Çayırlı Beet Production Area” (EÇPÜA) has many beet cultivation areas. The beet production obtained from these beet fields changes according to the years, but is also noteworthy for both the region and our country. This area, sugar beet does not only bind the farmers to their field and their villages, provide work and employment opportunities to all family members, but it also is an important plant with its by-products all of which are processable. At the end of the study, five different harmful insect species belonging to the orders Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and 22 species [Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (Linnaeus), Syrphus sp., Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus), Sphaerophoria turkmenica Bankowska, Eristalinus aeneus (Scopoli), Tipula sp., Cotesia glomerata (Linnaeus), Exeristes roborator (Fabricius), Endromopoda phragmitidis (Perkins), Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst), Exetastes laevigator (Villers), Itoplectis viduata (Gravenhorst), Exetastes laevigator (Villers), Itoplectis viduata (Gravenhorst), Lissonota (Loxonota) histrio (Fabricius,) Lissonota (Loxonota) flavovariegata Lucas, Ophion pteridis Kriechbaumer, Pimpla spuria (Gravenhorst), Scambus nigricans (Thomson), Scambus brevicornis (Gravenhorst), Sinophorus nitidus (Brischke) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)] belonging to the orders Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera were determined on the sugar beet plant. Among the pest species, the biology of the Spodoptera exigua (Hbn.), known as "caradrina" has been observed and the biological stages of the Agrotis segetum (Schiff.) which is in the secondary pest status have been followed. Damage patterns and densities of other pests (Cassida nebulosa Linnaeus, Aphis fabae (Scopoli), and Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa Linnaeus) were also tried to be revealed. Sinophorus nitidus (Brischke) collected in the study area which belonging to the family Ichneumonidae is determined as our new record for East Anatolia.
Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?
Authors: NAVRUZ VARLI Semra , BİLİCİ Saniye
Published: September 2022

It was aimed to evaluate the relation between food safety knowledge, attitude, and behavior, with some socio-demographic factors and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted on 1647 volunteer university students (1243 females and 404 males) attending at various universities in Ankara, Turkey. The data was collected via a questionnaire applied face to face interview which consisted of totally 95 items on demographic information (15 items), food safety knowledge (40 items), food safety attitude (15 items), and food safety behavior (25 items). Weight and height of the students were measured by the researches, and BMI was calculated and evaluated using World Health Organization classification. Food safety knowledge scores (FSKS) (27.3±5.54 versus 25.1±5.64, p
Mapping Indo-Khmer Historical and Cultural Connections: Peaceful Coexistence and Convergence of Culture
Authors: Bunthorn Khath
Published: September 2022

India and Southeast Asia have old-age historical and cultural connections, which created a conducive atmosphere for fostering bilateral relations between the two regions. Indian culture spread to the region since the first century Common Era. It coexisted with the local traditions though it had been modified, rejected, and localised to suit the needs of the people. Notably, the historical and cultural connections between Cambodia and India have been extensively found in archaeological, sculpture and literature evidence. Against this backdrop, this paper critically reviews the notion of Indianisation and Indian cultural influence in Cambodia. It argues that Indian cultural diffusion in ancient Cambodia created a cultural convergence between the indigenous cultural (mulatthan cheat) and imported cultural (mulatthan borotesh) foundations of Khmer civilisation.
The Rise of a New Royal Bengal Tiger under the Leadership of Sheikh Hasina: Diplomacy Perspective (2010-2021)
Authors: Chowdhury MD. Sajib
Published: September 2022

In 2021, Bangladesh marked the 50th anniversary, the golden jubilee of its independence. Highlighting Bangladesh's tremendous development in the last decade, this study synthesizes the findings from a series of policy analyses on the ground of diplomacy since Sheikh Hasina’s arrival into power in 2009 and her leadership that has helped the country be a role model of development globally. Hence, the article explores and analyses the features of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s prudent diplomacy that emphasizes a moving forward strategy, and thus, it has enabled Bangladesh to develop a positive relationship with all its South Asian neighbors while balancing India-China rivalry in the region to pursue national interests most finely. Following a qualitative narrative approach based on existing literature, the study answered the question of how Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has extended leadership towards deepening various types of external relations and the effectiveness of its efforts to foster its economic development.
Pakistan-China Relations and its Implication for India (2008-2018)
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Naz Uzma , Hussain Zakir , Ahamad Muhammad Irfan
Published: September 2022

This paper has described a chief question that “What are the impacts of Pak-China relations on India and its regional implications during the period of 2008-18”? Within this framework, the paper has endeavored to examine ongoing progression in economic, strategic and political domains of bilateral kindreds amongst both countries China and Pakistan. 1978 reforms of China and initial strategy, breakdown of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and mainly the incident of 9/11 at world trade center were the key changes that categorized the South Asian, global and the regional politics. If we can talk about regarding the global framework, the calculation allocated with developing global order. On other end, if we can talk about the regional framework, this paper talked evolving relations of Pakistan, India and China, as significant participants of the south Asian region. It has also a significant for the financial, strategic and dogmatic, requirements of the South Asia too.
Hesitancy from Covid-19 Vaccination: A Study of Medical Discourses pertaining to Challenges encountered by the Pakistani Physicians
Authors: Fayyaz Shafaq , Satti Sumra M. J.
Published: September 2022

Pakistani medics faced many hesitancy issues among general public from vaccination during the upsurge of Covid-19 which remained prevalent not only in Pakistan but across the world. This paper attempts to describe the challenges encountered by the Pakistani physicians regarding anti-vaccination approach of general public based on certain superstitions. To achieve the objective, this paper plans to obtain data from various medical journals and editorials. This research is qualitative and descriptive in nature. The study is guided by the Socio-cognitive Model by Van Dijk (2008) as it confiscated the ideological connection between discourse, society and apprehension into consideration. Language is viewed as social practice from the perspective of CDA which signifies the particular interest in the course of actions through which language expresses power relations and ideologies (Fairclough, 2015). This study intends highlighting the ideological perspective of medical discourses influenced by the self-created superstitious beliefs of general public.
The Role of Organizational Trust an Empirical Estimation of Agriculture Transformation and Rural Development in Pakistan under SDGs
Authors: Hussain Huma Rani , Ali Majid
Published: September 2022

Agriculture sector still support more than half population of the country. Contribution of agriculture is important for Pakistan’s development. Agriculture has been always the main sector of the economic growth of the Pakistan. This study has been conducted to investigate the role of agriculture sector in rural development of Pakistan. To achieve economic sustainability and growth, Pakistan planned to adopt 17 SDGs and under that SDG 2 promote agriculture sustainability. So, it is aimed to measure the progress of Pakistan on this defined indicator to analysis the impact of structural transformation on agriculture sustainability. Time series data has been taken from 1972-2017. ARDL method of estimation has been used for the fulfillment of the objective of the study. Agriculture productivity has been taken as the dependent variable and Employment in Agriculture, Agricultural land, Agricultural Machinery and Fertilizer Consumption are taken as independent variables. For the estimation double log equation has been used. To check the co integration among the dependent and independent variables ARDL bound test has been utilized. It has been observed that through the existing body of knowledge that agriculture machinery, agriculture land and fertilizer consumption in agriculture sector has positive effect in the rural sector. But it has been observed that employment in agriculture have not significant effect on the agriculture value added in Pakistan. It is necessary to enhance the agriculture sector for the rural development which ultimately boosts the economic growth.
Ethical Leadership and Work Engagement, Job-related Affective Well-being in the COVID-19: The Role of Organizational Trust
Authors: Irfan Kaleem-Ullah , Bano Saima , Nawaz Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Based on social exchange theory (SET) and social learning theory (SLT),  followers reciprocate the behaviours of their leaders and followers imitate the behaviours of their leaders and try to do the same. Following the tenet, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of ethical leadership on organizational trust, work engagement, and job-related affective wellbeing in the COVID-19 context. Data was collected from the nursing staff of three big Pakistani cities hospitals i.e. Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad (as these cities represent the entire population). Out of 700, the 390 survey questionnaires were finalized for data analysis. It was noted that ethical leadership is positively associated with organizational trust, work engagement, and job-related affective wellbeing. Moreover, results revealed that organizational trust is positively associated with work engagement and Job-related effective wellbeing. The hierarchical regression for mediation showed that organizational trust mediates between ethical leadership and (work engagement, Job-related affective wellbeing).
Pak-Iran Contemporary Relations: Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Yousafzai Zafar Iqbal , Shah Arshad Ali
Published: September 2022

Pak-Iran relations are of great importance for both the states. Iran was the first state that recognized Pakistan following its inception while Pakistan was among the first countries that recognized the new dispensation in Iran in 1979. However, there have been some irritants in the bilateral relations: India-Iran ties, sectarianism, Jandullah, and Taliban factor that in one way or the other spoiled the relations in post-9/11 era. However, the changing regional dynamics provide for opportunities following the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan. This article looks into the factors that did not allow the relationship to grow altogether despite the existing potential in post-9/11 period. The growing India-Iran ties, their North-South Transport Corridor and the Indian plan to include Chabahar in it are causing concerns in Islamabad. The militant groups operating near Iran border in Baluchistan is a cause of serious concern for Tehran. The article argues the mistrust needs to be bridged on urgent basis and augment cooperation. Moreover, the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan and the China-Iran comprehensive cooperation agreement are good developments for both Pakistan and Iran to turn the relationship to a closer partnership. The changing dynamics in the region provide opportunities to both the states to adopt It is time for both Iran and Pakistan to adopt a mutual approach to the regional issues and make a new strategic partnership with Russia and China. Pak-China-Russia-Iran partnership group will be a stronger one and of great importance for all members.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba (Studi pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Migas Listing BEI Tahun 2016-2020)
Authors: Solicha Dara Puspita , Pertiwi Dwi Ari
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap pertumbuhan laba studi pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020. Teknik sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling dan mendapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30  laporan keuangan perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda, serta uji hipotesis yang mencakup uji parsial, simultan dan koefisien regresi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Quick Ratio dan  Debt to Asset Ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020, Return on Asset dan Inventory Turnover mempunyai pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020.
 Kata kunci: Quick Ratio; Debt to Asset Ratio; Return on Asset; Inventory Turnover; Pertumbuhan Laba
Peranan Analisa Selisih Biaya Overhead Pabrik dalam Pengendalian Biaya Produksi pada PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo Tahun 2020
Authors: Rhokmawati Suci , Ardiana Meta
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan selisih biaya overhead pabrik dalam pengendalian biaya produksi pada PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo tahun 2020.Metode penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif sedangkan pendekatan penelitiannya yakni deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini memberitahukan kalau analisis selisih biaya overhead pabrik PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo tahun 2020 yang memakai model 4 selisih. Terjadi selisih menguntungkan pada selisih pengeluaran, serta terjadi selisih menguntungkan pula pada selisih kapasitas dan selisih efisiensi mengalami selisih yang merugikan, selisih efisiensi ini dipecah menjadi 2 yiatu selisih efisiensi tetap dan selisih efisiensi variabel, kedua selisih tersebut juga mengalami selisih yang merugikan. Selisih yang menguntungkan dicapai perusahaan lebih besar daripada selisih  merugikan, sehingga perusahaan bisa dikatakan lumayan efisien dalam pengendalian biaya produksi. Ketika terjadi selisih yang menguntungkan hingga perusahaan mesti atau wajib mempertahankannya dan juga butuh ditingkatkannya lagi di periode berikutnya. Bila terjadi selisih yang merugikan sehingga pihak perusahaan harus mencari pemicu atau penyebab terbentuknya selisih tersebut dan mendapatkan penyelesaian yang terbaik untuk segera mengatasinya.
Kata kunci: Anggaran Biaya Overhead Pabrik; Biaya Overhead Pabrik Sesungguhnya; Pengendalian Biaya Produksi
Pengaruh Efisiensi Modal kerja dan Leverage terhadap profitabilitas (Studi pada Perusahaan Sub Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018-2020)
Authors: Latif Abdul , Agustina Rachma
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efisiensi Modal kerja dan Leverage yang mempengaruhi Profitabilitas pada perusahaan food and beverages di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Teknik sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan puposive sampling dan memperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 perusahaan food and beverage di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Efisiensi Modal Kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas dan Leverage berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas
Kata Kunci: Efisiensi Modal Kerja, Leverage, Profitabilitas
Pengaruh Manajemen Laba terhadap Profitabilitas (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang dan Konsumsi di BEI Tahun 2019-2020)
Authors: Nadhifah Umi Mailun , Pertiwi Dwi Ari
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan sektor industri barang dan konsumsi di BEI tahun 2019-2020. Manajemen laba adalah aktivitas seorang manajer yang mengelola pendapatan dan pengeluaran untuk memastikan bahwa perusahaan memperoleh laba yang stabil, laba yang stabil menghasilkan profitabilitas dalam perusahaan tersebut juga baik. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 perusahaan sektor industri barang dan konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2019-2020. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana, serta uji hipotesis yang mencakup uji persial, simultan, dan koefisien regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan sektor industri barang dan konsumsi di BEI tahun 2019-2020.
Kata kunci: Manajemen Laba, Profitabilitas
Green Accounting pada PT. Cahaya Selomukti Kendal Jawa Tengah Tahun 2020
Authors: Nisa' Luthfiatun , Ervina Deasy
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi laporan keuangan perusahaan terkait green accounting dan penerapan praktik green accounting terhadap CSR di PT. Cahaya Selomukti. Menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif dan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kebijakan perseroan terbatas dalam melaksanakan tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan. PT. Cahaya Selomukti mempunyai kesadaran untuk melakukan tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan. Kebijakan yang mengatur perseroan terbatas mampu mendorong keterlibatan perusahaan dalam tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan. Kegiatan PT. Cahaya Selomukti dan aktivitas CSR yang dilakukan dianggap telah ikut berperan dalam kebijakan industri ramah lingkungan.
Kata kunci: Green Accounting, Lingkungan, CSR
Consciousness and life after death in the evolution of intelligence
Authors: Senarath Dayathilake Kande Lekamalaya
Published: September 2022

To date, no scientific study has found evidence of an afterlife, and the mechanism of consciousness is two of the most challenging questions. Here, I show a hypothesis for consciousness and the probability of an afterlife through three simple thought experiments and theoretical evidence. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism precisely. Here, I hypothesize that when a person or animal dies, the selection of a new nervous system's characteristic of a new life might depend on the characteristics of the final evolved yet unknown particle. The most intelligent persons, scan mind virus, survive happier the evolve intelligence self and others. Here, I suggest that when a brain dies, the two microparticles might emit at infinite speed from the dead brain and simultaneously bond with a naturally select suitable zygote or early nervous system somewhere in the universe/s, forming a new life with the impact of new nurture.