bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cadmium, silicon and nutrient accumulation by maize plants grown on a contaminated soil amended with a diatomaceous Earth fertilizer
Authors: Silva Josévaldo Ribeiro , Veloso Venâncio de Lima , Silva Fernando Bruno Vieira da , Nascimento Clístenes Williams Araújo do
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Given that cadmium (Cd) poses high persistence in the environment and toxicity to humans, strategies to either decrease or avoid Cd entry in the trophic chain are fundamental to secure food safety. Here we assessed the effects of applying rates of Si as a diatomaceous Earth-based fertilizer on the amelioration of Cd toxicity towards maize plants grown on soil with or without pH correction. Besides determining Si and Cd concentrations, we also evaluated plant accumulation of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) as a function of Si doses applied to the soil. Results showed that both the Si application and the liming had a positive effect on biomass and nutrient uptake, but the Si effect on plants’ performance took place irrespectively to the soil pH. Silicon ameliorated Cd phytotoxicity in both limed and unlimed soils by decreasing Cd concentration in shoots and improving biomass yield and plant nutrition. Silicon alleviation of Cd-inhibitory effects on plants was more effective in the unlimed soil owing to the higher Cd availability in acidic soils. Also, taking into account the reduced transfer of Cd to shoots driven by Si, lower Cd accumulation in maize grains is likely, with implications to food safety. So, further studies on field conditions are warranted.
Cross species amplification and characterization of microsatellite markers in Leporinus friderici (Characiformes, Anostomidae)
Authors: Silva Caio Felipe da , Martins Diego Galetti , Prado Fernanda Dotti do , Utsunomia Ricardo , Foresti Fausto , Porto-Foresti Fábio
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Leporinus friderici is a migratory neotropical fish with elevated ecological and economic importance in Brazil. Microsatellite markers are highly important in population genetic studies, management, and conservation programs; however, no markers are available for this species. In this study, seven microsatellite loci, previously developed for Megaleporinus obtusidens, were successfully cross-amplified in L. friderici. Among these loci, five presented moderate to high genetic variability levels, with four to seven alleles per loci and expected heterozygosities varying from ≥ 0.574 to 1.000. These markers represent a valuable tool for the future management and ecological studies involving this species and group of neotropical fishes.
Image processing to identify damage to soybean seeds
Authors: Monteiro Rita de Cassia Mota , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Maldaner Vanessa , Curi Amanda Bento Jorge , Bárbara Neto Michaela
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: In Brazil and worldwide, commercialization of soybeans is of great importance to the economy, making their quality considered. The presence of damaged soybean seeds decreases the added value of the product. Businesses need fast and effective techniques to maintain the quality. The present research aimed to identify, through image processing, damage caused to soybean seeds, namely the presence of greenish seeds and wrinkled seeds due to variations of humidity and temperature, where it was possible to identify greenish and wrinkled soybean seeds from images. Results obtained for greenish seeds indicated that the red color scale is the most suitable for selection due to its more significant variation compared to the other color scales. For the separation of wrinkled seeds, it can be stated that it is possible to find a selection parameter with 74.3% accuracy in removing seeds with medium to high degrees of wrinkle damage.
Focal myositis associated with Leishmania spp. infection in a dog - diagnostic approach
Authors: Santos Bruna Gonzalez dos , Mestieri Maria Lígia de Arruda , Emanuelli Mauren Picada , Guim Tainã Normanton , Minuzzi Jennifer Stello , Lamberti Eduarda Costa
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Canine visceral leishmaniasis is a systemic, zoonotic disease widely spread in several countries. The disease is caused by Leishmania spp., and the dog is the main reservoir of this parasite. Clinical signs in the muscle skeletal system consist of muscle atrophy, weakness, lameness, abnormal locomotion, osteitis, polyarthritis, heat and swelling of the joints, enlarged local lymph nodes and pain. In this note, a case of canine myositis of the lumbar region associated with Leishmania spp. infection is reported. Clinical signs included weakness, fever, mild dehydration, enlarged mandibular, pre-scapular and popliteal lymph nodes and a large palpable soft mass in the lumbar region, semi-adhered and not painful. Serologic diagnosis resulted reagent by indirect immunofluorescence reaction method. Findings of ultrasonography of the lower back are described, revealing the misalignment of muscle fibers, interspersed with anechoic areas compatible with edema. Local fine needle aspiration cytology was crucial for a definitive diagnosis, revealing amastigote forms. In endemic areas of leishmaniasis, clinicians should consider this disease as a differential diagnosis in the presence of musculoskeletal injuries with no apparent cause.
Symbiotic drink based on Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K): production, characterization, probiotic viability and sensory acceptance
Authors: Cunha Júnior Paulo Cezar da , Oliveira Lorena de Sá de , Gouvêa Lucas de Paiva , Alcantara Marcela de , Rosenthal Amauri , Ferreira Elisa Helena da Rocha
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Brazil nut is a typical oilseed from the Amazon region, of great economic and cultural importance. Due to its high nutritional value, it is interesting to be used as a matrix for new products’ development. Thus, the present study aimed to develop and characterize a drink based on Brazil nuts fermented by Lactobacillus casei and added with inulin. After formulated, the drink was pasteurized, fermented, maturated, and stored under refrigeration for 28 days. Physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory analyzes were performed before and after fermentation, at 7-day intervals. There was maintenance in the content of lipids and proteins and reduction in the concentrations of fibers, ash, total carbohydrates, and moisture. The fermented drink pH decreased significantly during storage, while the acidity and the soluble solids content increased from the 14th day. Regarding the color, there were significant changes in all parameters analyzed. In the fermented drink, the development of molds and yeasts, total and thermotolerant coliforms, and Salmonella were not verified, while the control drink deteriorated after 7 days. The probiotic L. casei had count ranging from 9.48 to 8.59 log CFU mL-1 during the 28 days. When exposed to in vitro gastrointestinal conditions, L. casei significantly reduced its concentration. However, it reached the enteric phase with counts greater than 6.00 log UFC mL-1. Sensorially, the drink reached intermediate scores (between 5.41 and 6.02). Therefore, the use of Brazil nuts proved to be viable for the development of a product free of animal-origin components, symbiotic, and of outstanding nutritional quality.
Nutrition and bioactive potential of the noni fruit cultivated from the Mato Grosso State
Authors: Vasconcelos Ilmara Pereira de , Silva Rodrigo Esaú Vassoler , Costa Patrícia Monique Crivelari , Rodrigues Luiz José
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of noni (Morinda citrifolia) grown in the Mato Grosso State. Ripe fruits from a field located in Cuiabá-MT, had the peel, pulp and seeds separated and subjected to different evaluations. The fruit parts were characterized physically and chemically. Determinations of vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolics and the total antioxidant activity of the fruit mesocarp (pulp) were made. Noni cultivated in the Mato Grosso State presents high levels of potassium, calcium and sodium, with predominance of potassium. The protein content was higher in the seed, and the ash, in the peel, respectively. Noni pulp showed high levels of vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolics and can be considered a potential antioxidant.
Zoonotic smooth and rough Brucella in dogs: seroprevalence and associated factors in an Atlantic Rainforest area of the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Bernardino Maria das Graças da Silva , Silva Edijanio Galdino da , Nogueira Denise Batista , Angelo Débora Ferreira dos Santos , Diniz Vanda Teixeira Jales , Higino Severino Silvano dos Santos , Alves Alexandre José , Santos Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista , Alves Clebert José , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Canine brucellosisis an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, with world wide distribution and zoonotic impact, and in humans and animals is a neglected disease. In the present study, the sero prevalence of B. canis and B. abortus were determined in a probabilistic sample of housed dogs from the Atlantic Rainforest area of the state of Paraíba, Brazil, and the factors associated with sero positivity. A total of 386 dogs over three months of age were used. For the search for anti-B.canis antibodies the agar gel immune diffusion test (IDGA) was used as a screening and IDGA+2ME as confirmatory test, and to search for anti-B. abortus antibodies the Rose Bengal test (RBT) test was used. Apparent and real prevalences were calculated, and robust Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with prevalence. The real prevalence fB. Canis was 12.6% and of B. abortus was 22.8%. The factors associated with sero positivity for B. canis were age greater than 10 years (prevalence ratio; PR = 6.38; P = 0.024) and dogs reared in they ard (PR = 5.20; P = 0.035) and for B. abortus was no treplacement of water of animals everyday (PR = 1.48; P = 0.033). It can be concluded that the prevalence of B. canis and B. Abortus in the region is high, which warns to the adopting of control and prevention measures, as well as greater care in the management of animals, especially for elderly dogs.
Biofumigation with species of the Brassicaceae family: a review
Authors: Santos Carlos Antônio dos , Abboud Antônio Carlos de Souza , Carmo Margarida Goréte Ferreira do
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Biofumigation involves the release of volatile biocidal compounds in the soil through the incorporation of certain plants and their residues. Species of the Brassicaceae family are the most widely used plants for biofumigation. These plants contain glucosinolates, which produce compounds, such as isothiocyanates, following enzymatic hydrolysis, with scientifically proven fungicidal effects. The most commonly used brassica species belong to the genera Brassica, Raphanus, Sinapis, and Eruca. In addition to the release of compounds in the soil, complementary mechanisms, such as the supply of organic matter and nutrients, and improvement of the soil structure, also play a role in biofumigation. In the past two decades, several studies on the use of brassica residues in biofumigation have been published, showing promising results in the management of soil pathogens (fungi and oomycetes, nematodes, bacteria, and protozoa), weed seeds, and insects. Usage of new biofumigation compounds has also been validated in recent years, including the development of patented technological products such as liquid formulations and pellets. The objective of this article was to review these new developments, beginning with concepts related to biofumigation, and to discuss the mechanisms of action of compounds involving brassica species and the recommendations on usage. Promising examples of the use of this technique are also presented, further detailing the advances in basic and applied knowledge on the subject.
Nisin and ε-poly-L-lysine as natural antimicrobials towards spoilage-associated Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Bortolotto Fernanda Cristina Kandalski , Farfan Maria Helena da Rosa , Jede Nathalia Cristina Kleinke , Danielski Gabriela Maia , Macedo Renata Ernlund Freitas de
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Sausages are highly susceptible to microbial spoilage. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is the main group of spoilage bacteria in vacuum packed cooked sausages. To control microbial growth natural antimicrobials have been used as food preservatives. The aim of this study was to identify strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from spoiled commercial Calabresa sausages and use them in an in vitro challenge with the natural antimicrobials, nisin (NI) and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL). Mass spectrometry identification of LAB isolated from sausages using MALDI-TOF revealed a predominance of L. plantarum in the LAB population. RAPD-PCR of L. plantarum strains showed four different genetic profiles. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of NI and ε-PL, alone and in combination, against a pool of different profiles L. plantarum were determined. MIC of NI and ε-PL were 0.468 mg/ L and 75 mg/ L; respectively, whereas MBC of NI and ε-PL were 12.48 mg/L and 150 mg/L, respectively. The combined effect of NI and ε-PL was determined using concentrations at 1/4 and 1/8 of individual MICs. Synergistic effect was confirmed at both concentrations showing a fractional inhibitory concentration index of 0.5 and 0.2, respectively. The combination of NI and ε-PL at a small concentration of 0.05 mg/L and 9.375 mg/L, respectively, showed inhibitory effect towards spoilage L. plantarum Results show the potential of the combined use of NI and ε-PL to control sausage spoilage-associated with lactobacilli.
Producción de leche real vs la calculada a partir de la ENL estimada por el algoritmo de análisis de imágenes red-green-blue de gramíneas
Authors: Rivera Oscar Fernando Ospina , Vásquez Héctor José Anzola , Duarte Olber Arturo Ayala , Martínez Andrea Baracaldo , Cantor Juan Sebastian Arévalo , Arciniegas Iván Benavides , Perez Daniel Eduardo Benavides , Enriquez Gustavo Adolfo Galvis
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Knowledge about the net lactation energy (NLE) contained in the dry matter of grasses is necessary to make decisions about forage and the balance of diets for grazing cattle. Its determination is made in laboratories using wet or dry chemistry methods, which are costly, delayed, and sometimes present sampling- or process-related reliability problems. An algorithm, which analyzes the red-green-blue (RGB) images of grasses taken by drone, has been developed as a technological alternative. This has allowed us estimating the NLE level, reducing costs, and changing the sampling system and analysis method. The objective of the present study was to compare the milk production, which was calculated from the NLE and estimated using the algorithm for analysis of RGB images of grasses (included in the TaurusWebs® software), vs the actual milk production. The study was conducted in 15 dairy farms belonging to the dairy control system of the Colácteos dairy cooperative, which are located in the upper tropical region (Department of Nariño, Colombia). The prairies evaluated were composed of mixtures of Kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum), Raigrás (Lolium spp), and False Poa (Holcus lanatus). The result was analyzed using a linear regression model (R²=0.86; R=0.93). In the Student´s t-test, the actual and estimated milk production averages were equal (P>0.05). In conclusion, the NLE calculated using the algorithm satisfactorily explains the study livestock production, and the information generated by the algorithm can be used to calculate the NLE of grasses.
EQUATION FOR EATING DISORDER RISK BEHAVIORS IN FEMALE ATHLETES
Authors: Fortes Leonardo de Sousa , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo , Oliveira Saulo Melo Fernandes de , Fiorese Lenamar , Almeida Sebastião Sousa
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is difficult to detect athletes at risk of eating disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to create a predictive equation for eating disorder risk behaviors (EDRB) in female athletes. Methods: 484 athletes participated in the study. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to assess EDRB. The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 was used to analyze the sociocultural influence on body image. The Body Shape Questionnaire and the Body Checking and Avoidance Questionnaire were used to assess body dissatisfaction in relation to thinness, and body checking, respectively. Skinfold thickness, body weight and height were also measured. The demographic data collected were age and weekly training regime. Results: The findings indicate that body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), sociocultural influence, body checking and body dissatisfaction in relation to thinness explain 23% of the EDRB variance (p = 0.001). The results showed no difference between the EAT-26 scores and the predictive equation (p = 0.27). Conclusion: It was concluded that the predictive equation is reliable for evaluating EDRB in female athletes. Level of evidence III; study case-control.
DOES PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION AND EXERCISE INTERFERE WITH RENAL FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE?
Authors: Assis Thiago Pontini de , Gonçalves Caroline Simões , Giannetto Maria Luísa Nonato , Carlos Carla Patrícia , Cury Patrícia Maluf , Caldas Heloisa Cristina , Mendes Glória Elisa Florido
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: During physical activity, the body diverts blood to essential areas such as skeletal muscle, reducing the supply to non-essential areas such as the kidney. Whey protein is one of the most widely used supplements in gyms. Objectives: To evaluate renal function and renal structure in rats submitted to physical exercise with and without the use of protein supplementation. Methods: The protein used was Whey Hydro PRO 2 - Probiotica®. It was administered orally (by gavage), diluted in mineral water (1.8 g/kg of body weight, shortly after swimming training). The rats were divided into four groups: rats with exercise (Exc), rats without exercise (ñExc), rats with exercise and with protein supplementation (Prot/Exc) and rats without exercise and with protein supplementation (Prot/ñExc). The training consisted of swimming for 30 minutes, using load equivalent to 2% of body weight, five times a week for a total of 10 weeks. The protein was administered by gavage, once daily, immediately after the training. Results: A reduced glomerular filtration rate was observed in the animals of the Exc group compared to those of the Prot/Exc group. Plasma creatinine values were similar between the groups submitted to exercise and those not submitted to exercise. Plasma sodium and the sodium excretion fraction were lower in the Prot/Exc group compared to the Exc group. Urinary excretion was similar between groups. Histological analysis: Significant hydropic degeneration was observed in the animals that received protein supplementation and submitted to exercise. Conclusion: These results show that exercise associated with protein supplementation (2g/day/kg) leads to changes in the tubular mechanisms of sodium adjustments and structural changes in the renal parenchyma. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Investigation the results of treatment.
A SINGLE PHYSICAL EDUCATION SESSION IMPROVES SUBSEQUENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN RURAL SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Silva Eva Kamila Pinto , Ramos Isabela Almeida , Brandão Pierre Soares , Pereira Raiane Maiara dos Santos , Brito Stéphany Vieira , Moraes José Fernando Vila Nova de , Arsa Gisela , Atlas Steve , Rasul Ammar , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Lewis John Eugene , Simões Herbert Gustavo , Campbell Carmen Sílvia Grubert
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Activity breaks or physical exercise interventions in schools are linked to better cognitive function in adolescents. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between physical exercise and cognition in rural schools, where drop-out levels tend to be higher and academic achievement lower. Objective: To analyze the effects of a physical exercise class (PE) on subsequent academic performance of students, and how they felt during mathematics (MATH) and Portuguese language (PL) tests. Methods: Thirty-six students (14.9 ± 1.5 years) randomly carried out 30 min of PE, performed at 74.3 ± 11.8%HRmax, while a control group (CON) remained seated watching a movie, prior to the tests (PE-MATH; PE-PL; CON-MATH; CON-PL). Results: The PE-MATH group presented higher scores (5.3 ± 2.2) than the CON-MATH group (4.0 ± 2.2). The tests were completed more quickly in PE-PL (7.8 ± 3.3 minutes) than in CON-PL (10.5 ± 4.2 minutes). The number of correct answer per minute was higher in PE-MATH and PE-PL (0.52 ± 0.25; 0.64 ± 0.51) than in CON-MATH and CON-PL (0.35 ± 0.19; 0.41 ± 0.41). Furthermore, 38.9% of PE-MATH felt more focused during the test, while only 16.7% of CON-MATH felt more focused. During the Portuguese language test, 27.8% of CON-PL complained of greater apprehensiveness, compared to 8.3% for PE-PL. Also, 36.1% reported feeling fatigued during PL after PE, compared to 8.3% in the CON-PL group. Conclusions: PE improved the adolescents' academic performance. Despite feeling fatigue, more students who performed physical exercise felt less apprehensive and more focused during the tests after PE. Level of evidence I; STARD: studies of diagnostic accuracy.
COMPARISON OF AEROBIC PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF SOCCER AND FUTSAL ATHLETES
Authors: Glänzel Marcelo Henrique , Geremia Jeam Marcel , Couto Analie Nunes , Nepomuceno Patrik , Rocha Guilherme Görgen da , Pohl Hildegard Hedwig , Reckziegel Miriam Beatrís
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Soccer and futsal have similar technical movements that are used within different spatial dimensions and game dynamics. The possible physiological differences between players of each sport were unknown. The main purpose of this study was to compare the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory thresholds (VT) of soccer and futsal players. VO2max and VT of 32 athletes (soccer: n = 15; futsal: n = 17) were obtained by ergospirometry in a progressive treadmill test. VO2max was similar between groups. VT occurred later and at higher running speeds in the soccer players. The similarities found in VO2max may be related to the fact that the evaluations were carried out in the pre-season. The fact that the VT was reached later in the soccer players suggests a longer capacity for aerobic exercise and greater resistance to lactate production. Moreover, soccer players appear to be conditioned to withstand increased running times and speeds, until exhaustion. Players of both sports reached the second VT at similar intensities, suggesting no prevalence of anaerobic metabolism. Soccer and futsal players have similar VO2max, but their VTs occur at different times, and at different running speeds. Level of Evidence III; Cross-sectional study.
RETURN TO PLAY AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Goes Rodrigo A. , Cossich Victor R. A. , França Bráulio R. , Campos André Siqueira , Souza Gabriel Garcez A. , Bastos Ricardo do Carmo , Grangeiro Neto João A.
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear represents more than half of all knee injuries in sports that involve body rotations and sudden changes of direction. Discharging the athlete for return to play (RTP) post-ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is a difficult task with multidisciplinary responsibility. For many years, a six-month period post-ACLR was adopted as the only criterion for RTP. However, it is now suggested that RTP should not be exclusively time-based, but to clinical data and systematic assessments. Despite the importance of post-ACLR factors for RTP, pre- and peri-ACLR factors must also be considered. Historically, ACLR is performed with the hamstring or autologous patellar tendons, although the choice of graft is still an open and constantly evolving theme. Anterolateral ligament reconstruction and repair of meniscal ramp tear associated with ACLR have recently been suggested as strategies for improving knee joint stability. Subjective questionnaires are easy to apply, and help identify physical or psychological factors that can hamper RTP. Functional tests, such as hop tests and strength assessment by means of isokinetic dynamometers, are fundamental tools for decision making when associated with clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging. Recently, the capacity to generate force explosively has been incorporated into the muscle strength assessment. This is quantified through the rate of torque development (RTD). Due to characteristics inherent to the practice of sport, there is an extremely short time available for produce strength. Thus, RTD seems to better represent athletic demands than the maximum strength assessment alone. This review investigates the pre-, peri- and post-ACLR factors established in the literature, and shares our clinical practice, which we consider to be best practice for RTP. Level of evidence V; Specialist opinion.
INVESTIGATION OF PITUITARY DYSFUNCTION IN RETIRED PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Akkurt Soner , Tanriverdi Fatih , Kalay Nihat , Karaca Zuleyha Cihan Ozdamar , Unluhizarci Kursat , Sucan Serdar , Karakus Mehmet , Kelestimur Hasan Fahrettin
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is well-known that pituitary dysfunction can develop as a result of traumatic brain injuries. One reason for such injuries is collision during contact sports. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of heading the ball and concussion on pituitary function in retired soccer players. Methods: Thirty-two retired soccer players, with an average age of 43.38 ± 5.49 (35-59) and 26 sedentary individuals with an average age of 43.31±6.38 (35-59) were included in this study. The subjects were questioned about their soccer-playing background, history of head trauma and concussion, and cardiometabolic diseases. One day one, blood samples were taken to investigate the baseline hematologic and biochemical parameters. On day two, the ACTH stimulation test was conducted, and on day three, glucagon stimulation tests were carried out. Resting EKG, transthoracic ECHO and exercise stress tests (for MET values) were also conducted. For the statistical analysis, The Student's t-test was used to compare the results of the two groups. The level of significance adopted was p<0.05. Results: It was identified that 5 out of 32 soccer players (16%) had experienced concussion during their soccer careers. The growth hormone (GH) levels of 3 retired soccer players (9.2%) and 3 sedentary individuals (10%) was below 1 ng/dl, which was accepted as the threshold value. There were no significant differences between hematological, biochemical and cardiometabolic parameters of the soccer players with low GH levels and those with normal GH levels. There was no significant relationship between the number of headers performed and GH deficiency. Conclusion: Although low GH levels were detected in almost 10% of the retired soccer players, the frequency of hypopituitarism was not higher than in the sedentary control group. Level of evidence I; Prognostic Studies.
ACUTE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE OF DIFFERENT INTENSITIES IN CYTOKINES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Pozzolo Beatriz Augusta , Fonseca Vanessa Ferrari da , Guedes Amanda Archeleiga , Oliveira Giovanna Lima de , Dietrich Daniele , Lima Eva Marco , Santos Taís Capucho , Panacioni Fernanda , Iagher Fabiola , Ulbrich Anderson Zampier
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: A single exercise training session promotes stimuli for changes in the immune system that are cumulatively considered adaptations to the exercise. Objective: This paper explores the acute effect of different intensities of aerobic exercise on anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory markers in apparently healthy university students. Methods: Eighteen volunteers underwent two sessions of aerobic exercise, the first at 65-70% estimated heart rate (HR), and after seven days, a second session at 80-85% HR. Before and after each session, venous blood was drawn, in order to analyze interleukin (IL) 6 and 10 in a Milliplex Kit. The participants’ level of physical activity was determined using a questionnaire. For statistical comparisons, two-way ANOVA was used for the variables hemodynamics and perceived exertion. The cytokine results were compared through the Student's t-test for repeated measurements. The exclusion criteria were the practice of physical exercise and having drunk alcohol on the day before the intervention sessions, the presence of osteomioarticular conditions, and missing one of the sessions. Results: This study showed that IL-6 was not significantly decreased when comparing the two sessions. IL-10 was significantly decreased (p=0.033) in the 65-70% HR session but not in the 80-85% HR session. The delta variation for IL-10 showed a tendency (p=0.053) towards a greater decrease in the 65-70% HR session when compared to the 80-85% HR session. There were no differences in the acute effect of exercise when comparing the levels of physical activity. Conclusion: This study highlights that two different zones of high intensity exercise can induce different inflammatory responses, as demonstrated by the significant decrease in IL-10 in the 65-70%HR zone. The study also shows that there was no difference in physical exercise response in individuals with moderate and high physical activity levels. Level of evidence III; Comparative study.
Sexo e idade e sua influência sobre a anatomia da aorta abdominal e seus ramos
Authors: Góes Junior Adenauer Marinho de Oliveira , Albuquerque Flávia Beatriz Araújo de , Beckmann Fernanda Acatauassú , Centeno Fernanda Vieira , Andrade Mariseth Carvalho de , Vieira Waldonio de Brito
Published: December 2020

Resumo Contexto Não se sabe ao certo como a idade e o sexo do paciente influenciam na anatomia da aorta abdominal e de seus ramos. Objetivos Determinar os padrões anatômicos (diâmetro e angulações) mais frequentes da aorta abdominal e de seus ramos e a influência do sexo e da idade dos pacientes sobre esses padrões. Métodos Foram avaliadas tomografias computadorizadas de abdome com contraste endovenoso de 157 pacientes. Foram aferidos calibre e angulação de artérias abdominais em indivíduos de ambos os sexos, agrupados em cinco faixas etárias: 20 a 30 anos, 31 a 40 anos, 41 a 50 anos, 51 a 60 anos e 61 a 70 anos. Foram analisadas 18 variáveis: seis ângulos de emergências arteriais, nove diâmetros arteriais, taxas de dilatação, sexo e faixa etária. Para a obtenção das medidas, utilizou-se o programa de computador RadiAnt 4.2.1 DICOM viewer (Medixant, Poznan, Polônia). Resultados Entre as 157 tomografias, 69 eram de homens e 88, de mulheres. Apresentaram diferença estatística (p < 0,05): ângulo de origem e diâmetro da artéria mesentérica superior; ângulo e diâmetro das artérias renais; diâmetro das artérias ilíacas comuns; diâmetro e taxa de dilatação em diversos segmentos da aorta, exceto na porção proximal ao tronco celíaco. Conclusões Os diâmetros da aorta (em diversos segmentos) e de seus ramos (exceto da artéria renal esquerda) aumentam progressivamente com o passar da idade em ambos os sexos e são maiores e possuem taxa de dilatação mais elevada em homens do que em mulheres da mesma faixa etária. Entre os sexos, o ângulo de emergência da artéria mesentérica superior foi maior em homens, exceto entre 20 e 30 anos; o ângulo de origem da artéria renal esquerda foi maior em mulheres entre 51 e 60 anos.
Aneurisma de aorta abdominal sintomático associado a rim em ferradura
Authors: Coelho Geciana Maria Araujo , França Ranielli Auxiliadora Assem , Rocha Renan Danilo Lima da , Pantoja Mariana de Oliveira , Lacerda Patricia de Souza , Souza Jose Emerson dos Santos , Bernardes Marcos Velludo , Cavalcante Leonardo Pessoa
Published: December 2020

Resumo O rim em ferradura é a anomalia congênita renal mais comum, ocorrendo em 0,15 a 0,25% de nascidos vivos. A associação de rim em ferradura com aneurisma de aorta abdominal é rara, estando presente em apenas 0,12% dos pacientes submetidos a tratamento dos aneurismas de aorta abdominal. Este desafio terapêutico consiste em um caso de um paciente portador de um aneurisma de aorta abdominal sintomático associado a rim em ferradura. A irrigação do rim em ferradura dava-se por meio de quatro artérias, sendo que duas delas emergiam diretamente do saco aneurismático. O caso foi solucionado por meio de cirurgia aberta, em caráter de urgência, com acesso transperitoneal, interposição de enxerto de Dacron bifurcado aorto bi-ilíaco e reimplante das duas artérias renais anômalas no corpo principal do Dacron. O paciente teve boa evolução pós-operatória, recebendo alta da unidade de tratamento intensivo no 3º dia e alta hospitalar no 8º dia, mantendo níveis normais de creatinina sérica.
Transmedia Storytelling: from Convergence to Transliteracy
Authors: Freire Maximina Maria
Published: December 2020

Abstract Stories and narrative represent meaningful communicative events, typical of human beings’ nature since everybody loves reading, telling, and listening to them. They may also constitute digital events, conveyed through virtual resources, and inserted in the convergence culture (Jenkins, 2006). Within this culture and responding to media expansion, there is transmedia, disseminating diverse but related contents, spread out through multiple media platforms, allowing meaning to converge from one to another. This context supports the transmedia storytelling concept: A transversal narrative process investigated by many researchers, but particularly by Jenkins (2006, 2011), Scolari (2013), and Gosciola (2014). This concept motivates the debate about transliteracy: a synchronized movement across, through and beyond contents and multiple media platforms. Considering this scenario, this article aims at presenting transmedia storytelling conceptually to exploit its potential to promote transliteracy. To reach this goal, transmedia storytelling concepts and features are discussed. After that, considerations are directed towards the transliteracy concept and implications. To conclude, remarks on the target relationship pointed out as the objective of the paper are addressed together with reflections upon the perception of transmedia storytelling and transliteracy as a concept and an area that are transdisciplinary, respectively.
A look at WH-questions in direct and cross-examinations: Authentic vs. TV courtroom language
Authors: Chen Meishan , Reppen Randi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Using a corpus-based register approach, this study explores language use of authentic and TV courtroom discourse through the lens of WH-questions, with a focus on direct and cross-examinations. Results show that in addition to differences as a result of these two discourse settings (i.e., authentic and TV courtroom), WH-questions accomplish different goals across the registers of direct and cross-examinations. For example, WH-questions are avoided in authentic cross-examinations, while in TV courtroom discourse WH-questions are used to engage viewers. Results explore how the different communicative purposes of authentic and TV courtroom settings impact the use of WH-questions in direct and cross-examinations.
SPIKES-D: a proposal to adapt the SPIKES protocol to deliver the diagnosis of dementia
Authors: Peixoto Vanessa Giffoni de Medeiros Nunes Pinheiro , Diniz Rosiane Viana Zuza , Godeiro Junior Clécio de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT. Dementia is a life-threatening and stigmatizing condition, with devastating impacts on the patient's personal identity and caregivers. There are many barriers to an effective diagnosis disclosure of dementia, including fear of causing distress, uncertainty of diagnosis, caregivers’ objection and lack of training in communication skills in undergraduate medical schools. Although some studies have been published on how to help physicians deliver an Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, no specific protocol has been published yet. The SPIKES protocol is a didactic approach designed to deliver bad news related to cancer, but it has been used globally and in a variety of clinical settings, including the teaching of communication skills to medical students and residents. It is known, however, that the cognitive impairment of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias may limit the understanding of the diagnosis’ complexity; hence, a few adaptations of this model were made after reviewing the current literature on dementia diagnosis disclosure. The suggested SPIKES-D protocol seems to encompass current guidelines about the communication of the diagnosis of dementia, keeping its didactic approach on breaking bad news and helping fulfill the gaps in this topic.
COVID-19: challenges for dementia care and research
Authors: Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento , Belfort Tatiana , Monteiro Alexandre , Lucena Aline Tavares de , Lacerda Isabel Barbeito , Gaigher Julia , Baptista Maria Alice Tourinho , Brandt Michelle , Kimura Nathália Ramos , Souza Natalie de , Gasparini Paula , Rangel Rogéria , Marinho Valeska
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns about the management and care for people with dementia and their caregivers. In this context, this work will discuss how social isolation or social distancing caused by the pandemic may impact the clinical management of people with dementia, caregivers’ health, and dementia research. The pandemic disrupts all forms of social interaction and may increase the behavioral impairment of people with dementia. Regarding pharmacological treatment, telemedicine is an option, but the context of social isolation raises questions about how to manage people with dementia with lack of cognitive stimulation and non-pharmacological treatment. In addition, the impact of the pandemic on caregivers should be considered. There is some evidence that telephone counseling can reduce depressive symptoms of caregivers of people with dementia. In dementia research, social isolation imposes researchers to modify their study protocols in order to continue collecting data by developing remote tools to assess the participants such as electronic informed consent and online questionnaires and tests. Thus, there is an urgent need for the evaluation and refinement of interventions to address several cognitive, behavioral, and clinical aspects of the long-term impact of the pandemic in dementia.
Environmental factors between normal and superagers in an Argentine cohort
Authors: Calandri Ismael Luis , Crivelli Lucia , Martin Maria Eugenia , Egido Noelia , Guimet Nahuel Magrath , Allegri Ricardo Francisco
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT. Normal aging usually brings age-related cognitive decline. However, there is a group of aged individuals who have exceptional memory performance: the superagers. Objective: Our aim was to identify the environmental factors that could influence exceptional memory performance in a cohort of Argentine individuals. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers >80 years of age were classified into two groups, superagers (SA, n=20) and normal agers (NA, n=20), according to the Northwestern SuperAging Program criteria. Participants were neuropsychologically tested and evaluated on environmental aspects: working status, education, bilingualism, cognitive reserve, physical activity, social networking, clinical comorbidities, and longevity of parents and siblings. Results: Both groups were highly educated (NA=16.3±3 years; SA 15.85±2.6; p=0.6), 11.8% of the sample was still working without differences between groups. There were no differences in cognitive reserve inventory (p=0.7), physical activity engagement (p=0.423), or social network index (p=0.73). As for longevity, 44% of the siblings lived longer than 80 years of age (p=0.432) and maternal longevity was linked to SA (NA=46.7%; SA=80%; p=0.045). Conclusions: This study is a pilot approximation to the superaging population in Argentina. Our results suggest that environmental factors related to successful aging do not differentiate superaging. SA may depend on variables yet to be identified, probably of a genetic/metabolic order.
Normative data for middle-aged Brazilians in the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale
Authors: Carvalho Guilherme Almeida , Caramelli Paulo
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT. Despite the advances in the diagnosis of dementia, neuropsychological assessment remains an important tool. The Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) was designed to evaluate people with suspected dementia and allows for the analysis of different cognitive domains. Considering the numerous cases of early-onset dementia, specific reference standards aimed at the middle-aged population are necessary. Objective: To provide normative data for the middle-aged Brazilian population in DRS and to investigate the influence of education level, age, sex, and intelligence quotient (IQ) on the results. Methods: Overall, 120 healthcare professionals and caregivers from a hospital, who were healthy, aged between 45 and 64 years, and had at least four years of formal education, were included in the study. They were equally divided into six groups. In each age group (45–54 and 55–64 years), there were three educational levels: 4–7, 8–11, and 12 or more (12+) years of formal education. The results are presented as mean values, standard deviations, and percentiles. Comparisons between groups were carried out for age, sex, and education level. Age, years of formal education, and IQ were also analyzed as continuous variables by Spearman's correlation. Results: Concerning education level, the comparison between groups showed differences in the results for the total scale and subscales, except for the Construction subscale. No differences were found for age and sex. Correlations observed for years of formal education and IQ were similar. No correlation was found for age. Conclusions: The present study contributes to the evaluation of dementia concerning people younger than 65 years of age and reinforces the importance of education in the interpretation of the scores.
Diagnostic accuracy of early cognitive indicators in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Martorelli Marina , Hartle Larissa , Coutinho Gabriel , Mograbi Daniel Correa , Chaves Daniel , Silberman Claudia , Charchat-Fichman Helenice
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT The aging of the population leads to an increase in the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Recent studies highlight the early non-amnestic deficits in AD and MCI. The European Union report shows the importance of thoroughly assessing cognitive aspects that have been poorly evaluated, such as processing speed (PS), which could represent early indicators of cognitive decline. Objective: To analyze the diagnostic accuracy of PS measures in older adults with MCI, AD, and those who are cognitively-healthy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by performing an extensive neuropsychological assessment in three samples: 26 control participants, 22 individuals with MCI, and 21 individuals with AD. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the relationship between dependent variables and the clinical group. Post hoc tests (Bonferroni test) were used when a significant ANOVA result was found. Finally, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for PS measures was performed in older adults with MCI and AD compared with cognitively-healthy older adults. Results: The results showed that deficits in PS measures can be early indicators of cognitive decline in cases of MCI, even when executive functions (EFs) and functionality are preserved. Conversely, AD versus MCI presented differences in PS, EFs, and functionality. Conclusions: The ROC analyses showed that PS measures had discriminative capacities to differentiate individuals with MCI, AD, and cognitively-healthy older adults.
The effect of intentionality on verbal memory assessment over days
Authors: Kochhann Renata , Beber Bárbara Costa , Ferreira Patrícia , Holz Maila Rossato , Ruschel Rafael , Pádua Analuiza Camozzato de , Godinho Cláudia da Cunha , Izquierdo Iván , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Intentionality to remember is associated with better performances in episodic memory retrieval. The practice effect has better performance in memory retrieval. However, little is known about the effect of intentionality on memory over days and the influence of age, gender, and level of education on it as well as on practice effect. Objectives: To verify the effect of intentionality and practice effect on memory performance over days, using an ecological approach. Methods: One hundred and twenty subjects from 18 to 81 years of age and free of psychiatric and neurological disorders were evaluated. They were randomized into a “testing effect group” and a “intentionality group” and then were asked to read a text on the FIFA World Cup. The “intentionality group” was instructed to pay careful attention to the text because they would answer a questionnaire with 10 factual items from the text after 2 and 7 days. The “testing effect group” had the same procedure at the same time as the first group but were not instructed about the intentionality, and answered the questionnaire immediately after reading the text. Results: Memory performance was better 2 days after the exposure session than 7 days later in the “intentionality group”. On the other hand, there was no difference in memory performance from the “testing effect group” 2 and 7 days later. Conclusions: Intention to recall may enhance memory over a short period of days, while retaining similar amount of information over days to what was acquired immediately after text exposure.
Social and health-related predictors of family function in older spousal caregivers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Bregola Allan Gustavo , Luchesi Bruna Moretti , Oliveira Déborah , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza , Moura Fernanda Gomez de , Silva Helena Rita Oliveira , Oliveira Nathalia Alves de , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana , Santos-Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos , Ottaviani Ana Carolina
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT. Given the benefits of adequate family function for the health and well-being of older adults, it is important to understand what factors predict adequate family function in older people who care for their spouses. Objective: Analyse predictors of family function in older spousal caregivers. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate a non-probabilistic sample of 298 older spousal caregivers. Home-based face-to-face interviews were used to evaluate sociodemographic variables and care context, family function (Family APGAR), cognitive function, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms. Data were analysed using multiple logistic regression with stepwise forward method for variable section. Results: Older caregivers having some degree of cognitive impairment (OR=-0.160, 95%CI 0.444–0.579), depressive symptoms (OR=-0.848, 95%CI 0.726–0.992) or high levels of stress (OR=-0.955, 95%CI 0.914-0.999) had overall lower levels of family function. Having more children was linked to approximately 1.3 times higher family function (95%CI 1.080–1.057). Conclusion: Stress, depression, cognitive decline, and number of children are predictors of family function and should be considered in social and health care strategies within the family caregiving context.