bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Sosiolinguistik Campur Kode dan Alih Kode Bahasa pada Lagu Project Pop Dangdut Is The Music of My Country
Authors: Lazulfa Indana
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT The phenomenon of code switching and code mixing currently occurs in many societies. Especially with the easy process of information obtained makes someone experience code switching and code mixing. In this study aims to describe the existence of code mixing and code switching on songs, also the causes of code switching and code mixing on speakers of bilingualism. Code mixing and code switching often occur among speech communities. Data analysis methods used in this study are 1) see method 2) descriptive research method. This method is very suitable and suitable to examine the existence of mixed codes and code switching on the Project Pop Dangdut song is The Music of My Country. There are six causes of code mixing and code switching, namely 1) speakers, 2) interlocutors, 3) the presence of a third speaker, 4) subject matter, 5) to develop a sense of humor, and 6) to be prestigious. The results of this study indicate the existence of mixed codes and code switching on the song. Namely the mixture of Indonesian, Javanese and English.Keywords: code mixing, code switching, sociolinguistics, songABSTRAK Fenomena alih kode dan campur kode saat ini banyak terjadi pada masyarakat. Apalagi dengan mudahnya proses informasi yang didapatkan membuat seseorang mengalami alih kode dan campur kode. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan adanya campur kode dan alih kode pada lagu, juga penyebab terjadinya alih kode dan campur kode pada penutur bilingualisme. Campur kode dan alih kode sering terjadi di antara masyarakat tutur. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) metode simak 2) metode penelitian deskriptif. Metode ini sangat sesui dan cocok untuk mengkaji adanya campur kode dan alih kode pada lagu Project Pop Dangdut is The Music of My Country. Ada enam penyebab campur kode dan alih kode, yaitu 1) penutur, 2) lawan tutur, 3) hadirnya penutur ketiga, 4) pokok pembicaraan, 5) untuk mengembangkan rasa humor, dan 6) untuk bergengsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya campur kode dan alih kode pada lagu tersebut. Yaitu campur kode bahasa Indonesia, bahasa Jawa dan bahasa Ingris. Kata kunci: campur kode, alih kode, sosiolinguistik, lagu
Kepemimpinan Pendidikan
Authors: Janusuri Fisma
Published: January 2020

A leader is someone who is given status to lead members or organizations based on election, joining, or other means. Helping leaders who can influence, encourage, invite, guide, move, direct, and if necessary, people or groups need to receive influence in order to help achieve a goal in helping the organization.
Bentuk Kesalahan Berbahasa di Media Sosial: Kajian Struktural Bahasa
Authors: Febriyanti Noreka Elisabeth
Published: January 2020

Penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar merupkan faktor penting dalam berkomunikasi. Namun faktanya masih banyak dijumpai penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang tidak sesuai dengan kaidah kebahasaan yang disebabkan kurangnya perhatian dam pemahaman terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar menurut PUEBI. Kesalahan berbahasa dapat ditemukan diberbagai tempat, tulisan, dan situasi salah satunya di media sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesalahan berbahsa di media sosiald dengan pengumpulan data melalui tangkapan layar unggahan di media sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak terjadi kesalahan berbahasa. Kesalahan yang sering terjadi yaitu kesalahan ejaan, bahasa baku, dan dari aspek semantik.
Peran Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Pengambilan Keputusan dalam menentukan Strategi Pemasaran Rumah Makan Paviljoen
Authors: Fitri Salsabila Alfiyyah , safira nabila nilam
Published: January 2020

Dalam setiap usaha rumah makan pasti memiliki permasalahan, terutama yang berkaitan dengan manajemen. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh manajer Rumah Makan Paviljoen dalam peran kepemimpinan dan mengambil keputusan dalam menentukan strategi pemasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi pendekatan kuantitatif (metode survei) dan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode survei adalah metode yang mengambil contoh data dari satu populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data yang pokok (Singarimbun dan Effendi, 1989). Dengan memadukan kedua pendekatan tersebut diharapkan upaya kinerja karyawan terhadap perusahaan dapat dilakukan secara lebih komprehensif. Faktor yang mempengaruhi manajer Rumah Makan Paviljoen dalam mengambil keputusan menentukan strategi pemasaran adalah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sehingga pemasaran online dipilih agar memiliki cakupan yang lebih luas lagi.
Pengambilan Keputusan Dan Sistem Kinerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Narhendra Ayu Wulandari , kristanti Leni
Published: January 2020

Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengambilan keputusan dan sistem kinerja karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuisioner. Hasil dari pembahasan ini bahwa keputusan dalam sistem kinerja karyawan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan
Analisis Teori Intertekstual pada Lelaki Itu Ali dalam Puisi Kontemporer Indonesia dengan Legenda Toboali
Authors: Akbariski Habib Safillah
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang hubungan intertekstual antara puisi yang berjudul Lelaki Itu Ali dan Legenda Toboali. Puisi Lelaki Itu Ali memberikan interpretasi baru dan ada keterjalinan dengan Legenda Toboali. Keterkaitan ini terjalin karena pelbagai faktor yang memengaruhi kepengarangan penulis. Memahami Legenda Toboali akan membantu untuk menginterpretasi puisi Lelaki Itu Ali yang dikemas dengan komposisi yang lebih singkat, padat, dan jelas dibanding hipogramnya, yaitu Legenda Toboali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan intertektual. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat ditarik simpulan bahwa Esmiralda dalam puisinya Lelaki Itu Ali tentu memosisikan puisinya sebagai kelahiran kembali dari Legenda Toboali yang berkembang di masyarakat Bangka. Secara eksplisit, puisi tersebut lahir dan terinspirasi dari Legenda Toboali. Puisi Ira Esmiralda dipengaruhi oleh Legenda Toboali yang berperan sebagai hipogramnya.
Analisis Penerapan Spiritual Leadership Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. XXX Di Surabaya
Authors: Apriliani Dewi , Alvianti Ulfa
Published: January 2020

Setiap pemimpin memiliki gaya yang berbeda dalam memimpin bawahannya. Bagaimana seorang pemimpin akan menggerakan bawahannya tergantung dengan bagaimana gaya memimpin pada perusahaan. Penelitian dengan judul “Analisis Penerapan Spiritual Leadership Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. XXX Di Surabaya” dilakukan di salah satu perusahaan logistik Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan di PT. XXX yaitu alasan yang mendasari penerapan gaya kepemimpinan, bagaimana implementasi gaya kepemimpinan tersebut di dalam perusahaan, dan apakah gaya kepemimpinan tersebut memberikan dampak kepada perusahaan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi langsung dari perusahaan. Hasil penelitian diantaranya gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan oleh PT. XXX ialah kepemimpinan berbasis spiritual. Gaya kepemimpinan tersebut menerapkan prinsip-prinsip yang melibatkan ketuhanan dalam pengelolaan perusahaan yang dianggap mampu untuk memperbaiki manajemen perusahaan. Namun dari data yang diperoleh, gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan oleh PT. XXX lebih sesuai jika dikatakan sebagai kepemimpinan religiusitas dikarenakan terdapat beberapa praktek ibadah yang diterapkan. Selain itu hasil menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berbasis spiritual sesuai diterapkan di PT. XXX yang terbukti dari kepemimpinan tersebut memberikan dampak yang positif kepada kinerja karyawan.
Progress report and opinion of "pre-review of pre-registration"
Authors: Miura Asako
Published: January 2020

In recent years, there are severe concerns about the replicability and reproducibility crisis of psychological research. In this special issue, as one of the remedies to improve this situation as much as possible, we practiced "pre-review of pre-registration" of direct replication of previous research. In this paper, I summarized our practice, which was performed for the first time in Japan, through a progress report and comments by the reviewers, and provided some perspectives for the future.
Social origins, cognitive ability, educational attainment and Social Class Position in Britain: A birth cohort and life-course perspective
Authors: Bukodi Erzsebet , Bourne Mollie , Betthäuser Bastian Andreas , Goldthorpe John H
Published: January 2020

The aim of this Summary Report is to show how social origins, when viewed in a comprehensive, multidimensional way, affect the educational and labour market attainments of individuals whose cognitive ability at a relatively early stage in their educational histories is at a similar level. The main findings of the report are: (1) Children of similar cognitive ability have very different chances of educational success, depending on their parents’ economic, socio-cultural and educational resources; (2) For children born in the early 1990s, parents’ economic resources are somewhat less important while parents’ socio-cultural and educational resources are more important in affecting their educational attainment than for children born in the late 1950s or the early 1970s; (3) About half of the difference in educational attainment between children from advantaged and disadvantaged parental backgrounds is due to a difference in their cognitive ability, while the other half is due to other factors. (4) Obtaining formal qualifications is only one channel for upward mobility for high- ability individuals of disadvantaged backgrounds; there are other channels that are more directly related to cognitive ability, such as job training programmes, promotions or becoming self-employed in higher-level occupations.
Pertumbuhan Bibit dan Stek Pucuk Kamper (Dryobalanops sumatrensis (J. F. Gmel.) Kosterm.) pada Media Tanah Mineral dan Gambut
Authors: Kustiyarini Nur Fadila
Published: January 2020

Dryobalanops sumatrensis (J. F. Gmel.) Kosterm. merupakan jenis pohon asli dari Sumatera dan Kalimantan yang terancam punah dapat dijadikan salah satu pilihan jenis asli dalam proses rehabilitasi di lahan gambut dangkal namun masih sedikit tersedia informasi mengenai pertumbuhan bibit dan pengembangbiakan secara vegetatifnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan bibit dan keberhasilan stek pucuk Dryobalanops sumatrensis (J. F. Gmel.) Kosterm. pada media gambut dan mineral. Bibit yang ditanam pada kedua media tidak mengalami perbedaan dalam pertumbuhan tinggi dan panjang tunas baru, namun memiliki perbedaan pada persen hidup, bentuk kelonjongan daun, warna daun, serta tingkat klorofil daun. Stek pucuk yang ditanam dalam kedua media tidak memiliki perbedaan pada persen hidup, persen berakar, dan persen bertunas, namun apabila dibandingkan dengan jenis Dryobalanops oblongifolia sebagai pembanding, persen hidup Dryobalanops sumatrensis lebih rendah.
A Comparative Study of RIPASA Score and Modified Alvarado Score in Acute Appendicitis in Nepalese Population
Authors: Banepali Niroj , Koirala Kamal , Mukhiya Rupesh , Sthapit Rakesh Roshan
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Although acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition, its diagnosis can be elusive at times with misdiagnosis leading to serious complications. Various scoring systems have been developed to overcome this dilemma and the reported accuracies of these scores vary greatly.Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of charts was carried out to identify all patients admitted to KIST medical college teaching hospital from May 2015 to April 2016 with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A total of 120 cases that underwent surgery for suspected acute appendicitis were included. Modified Alvarado score and RIPASA scores were computed for each patient and the suggested cutoff values were used to find out the accuracy of these scores. Histopathological confirmation/report was considered as the standard for comparison.Results: A negative appendectomy rate of 11.67 % was observed (9.64 % for males and 16.22 % for females). Complicated appendicitis was found in 27.36% of patients. Modified Alvarado score had a sensitivity of 61.32 % and specificity of 71.43 % at a cut of value of 7. At cut off of > 7.5 for acute appendicitis, RIPASA score had a sensitivity of 97.17% and specificity of 57.14%. The accuracy of Modified Alvarado score was 62.5% while it was 92.5% for RIPASA score.Conclusions: RIPASA score demonstrated higher sensitivity and accuracy but lower specificity compared to the modified Alvarado score in our study group. More studies with larger sample size need to be carried out for further validation of this new score.
Overlap of Sleep Disorders and Chronic Respiratory Diseases: An Emerging Health Dilemma
Authors: Koirala Puru , Bhatta Narendra , Ghimire Ram Hari , Mishra Deebya Raj , Bista Bidesh , Shah Bhupendra
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The burden of Overlap Syndrome (coexistence of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with respiratory diseases) is high in developing countries, and such a phenomenon implies higher morbidity. The study was conducted to measure the prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with Respiratory Symptom Complex and to identify factors associated with the severity of sleep-related breathing disorders.Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 50 patients with respiratory symptom complex was conducted at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Structured proforma and Polysomnography were used for analysis.Results: There were 24 patients (48%) with COPD, 18 (36%) with Bronchial Asthma. 6 patients (12%) with Bronchiectasis and 2 patients with Interstitial Lung Disease. 60% (n=30) patients had sleep-related breathing disorder or Overlap syndrome, 14 patients (46.67%) had mild sleep-related breathing disorder while 16 (53.33%) patients had moderate to severe type. 62.5% COPD patients, 55.55% Bronchial Asthma patients, 50% of patients with Interstitial Lung Disease and 50% Post-TB Bronchiectasis patients had a sleep-related breathing disorder. There was a significant positive correlation between the presence of sleep-related breathing disorder in patients with respiratory symptom complex and high neck circumference (0.499, p-value <0.001), waist circumference (0.293, p-value = 0.039) and hip circumference (0.371, p-value = 0.008).Conclusions: Overlap Disorders comprising sleep disorders in patients with chronic respiratory diseases are high in developing countries. Routine sleep history and polysomnography in all patients with Respiratory Symptom Complex can detect sleep-related breathing disorders.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Synergistic Effect of Spices against Few Selected Pathogens
Authors: Maharjan Renuka , Thapa Saru , Acharya Amrit
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of spices along with determination of its synergistic effect against few selected pathogens.

Methods: In this study, ethanolic extract of 5 different spices; Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Capsicum annum (Chili) and Allium cepa (Onion) were obtained by using Soxhlet apparatus. The ethanolic extract was concentrated by evaporation and different concentrations of extract were prepared in Dimethy Sulphoxide (DMSO) solvent. Test organisms included mainly pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were determined by well diffusion technique both individually and in combination. On the other hand, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined by serial dilution technique. The result were interpreted on the basis of the fact that the growth occurs in positive control and other tubes with inadequate amount of extract whereas the lowest concentration of agent that inhibits growth of organism, detected by lack of visible turbidity by inhibition of 99% is designed as the MIC. The MBC is identified by determining the lowest concentration of extract solution that reduces the viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by a predetermined reduction such as ≥99.9%. Likewise, for determination of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI), two extracts were combined along with standardized inoculum of bacterial strain. Tubes without visible turbidity were streaked on agar plate and observed for 99.9% killing.  

Results: All the tested extract of spices were found effective against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae only. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was found in chili extract (ZOI=26 mm) against S. aureus whereas lowest zone of inhibition was found in garlic extract against K. pneumoniae (ZOI=12mm). Similarly, highest ZOI was produced by combined extract of both Turmeric and Ginger (ZOI= 26 mm). Turmeric extract was found to be effective against S. aureus (MIC value = 62.5 mg /ml and MBC value = 31.25 mg/ml) and K. pneumoniae (MIC value 125 mg/ml and MBC value = 62.5 mg/ml). The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) values of combined extract suggested synergistic and additive effect (0.5<FIC<1). Chili and ginger were effective with FIC value of 0.25.

Conclusion: To recapitulate, the extract of spices can be used to prevent the pathogenic organism.
Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacterial Isolates from Urine of Patients Visiting Everest Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Guragain Nisha , Pradhan Aashish , Dhungel Binod , Banjara Megha Raj , Rijal Komal Raj , Ghimire Prakash
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative pathogens from urine samples along with their antimicrobial resistance.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to May 2016 at Everest Hospital, Kathmandu. Mid-stream urine samples were collected and processed for culture by standard loop streak method. Identified bacterial isolates were tested for Antibiotic Susceptibility by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and, were subjected to ESBL screening by using 30µg cefotaxime and ceftazidime. ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc method.

Results: Of the three hundred urine samples, 22.7% (67/300) showed significant growth. Four different bacterial species were identified. Among the isolates, E. coli was the most common pathogen (71.64%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.92%), Pseudomonas spp (8.95%) and Acinetobacter spp (4.48%). Altogether 92.54% (n=62) isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, 89.55% (n=60) to amikacin, and 79.10% (n=53) to nitrofurantoin. 70.10% (n=47) isolates were resistant to antibiotic ampicillin while 62.68% (n=42) were found as Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and 29.8% (n=20) were ESBL producers.

Conclusions: The overall prevalence of MDR and ESBL among uropathogens is low in comparison to other studies though it is essential to have a regular monitoring of ESBL producing clinical isolates in laboratory practice.
Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Juice and Peel Extract of Citrus Fruits
Authors: Shakya Alisha , Luitel Bhawana , Kumari Pragati , Devkota Ritu , Dahal Puspa Raj , Chaudhary Richa
Published: January 2020

Objectives: This study was aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of peel and juice extracts of citrus fruits.

Methods: The antibacterial activity of juice and peel extract of five selected citrus fruits [C1- Citrus reticulata (mandarin orange), C2- Citrus limetta (sweet lime), C3- Citrus aurantifolia (lime), C4- Citrus limon (lemon) and C5- Citrus maxima (pommelo)] on three Gram positive and five Gram negative bacterial strains were examined. The juice and peel extract of citrus fruits was obtained by using absolute ethanol. The obtained extracts were dissolved in 1ml 10% v/v DMSO which was taken to carry out the antibacterial susceptibility assay using agar well diffusion method.

Results: The peel extracts of C1 and C2 were found to be more effective against the given Gram-positive bacteria than the juice extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (20.33±1.527) and (15.33±0.577) against Bacillus spp respectively. While the juice extracts of C3 and C4 were more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than their peel extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (26.66±1.15) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and (20±1) against E. coli ATCC 25922 respectively. The juice extract of C5 was found to be more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than its peel extract with maximum zone of inhibition (18.66±1.154) against E. coli ATCC 25922 except for Bacillus spp in which peel extract showed maximum zone of inhibition i.e. (15±1)

Conclusion: This study suggests that these juice and peel extracts may have beneficial antibacterial roles that can be exploited in controlling unwanted bacterial growth.
Tretmanski pristupi ovisnosti o Internetu
Authors: Mandić Sabina , Dodig Hundrić Dora , Ricijaš Neven
Published: January 2020

Internet je u modernom svijetu izuzetno prisutan i često neophodan za obavljanje svakodnevnih obveza. Sredstvo je zadovoljavanja psiholoških potreba te je sastavni dio suvremene komunikacije. U tom kontekstu, ne iznenađuje da dio populacije razvija probleme povezane s njegovom prekomjernom uporabom, a koji mogu voditi i razvoju ovisnosti.
No, ne postoji jednoznačna definicija ovog problema niti precizni pokazatelji o prevalenciji i incidenciji, stoga ovisnost o Internetu još uvijek nije uvrštena kao zasebni dijagnostički entitet u međunarodne klasifikacije problema mentalnog zdravlja.
Međutim, neosporna aktualnost i raširenost štetnih psihosocijalnih posljedica kod dijela populacije, doveli su do potrebe za razvojem tretmanskih intervencija.
U nedostatku domaće literature u ovom području, cilj ovog rada je ponuditi sustavan i sveobuhvatan pregled postojećih tretmanskih pristupa ovisnosti o Internetu, njihovih terapijskih temelja, ključnih izazova tretmana te dostupnih rezultata istraživanja učinkovitosti.
Autori se u zaključku reflektiraju na aktualne konceptualne i znanstvenoistraživačke izazove koji predstavljaju prepreke u razvoju tretmanskih intervencija i u zaključivanju o njihovoj učinkovitosti.
Industrial Data Science in Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken
Authors: Mazarov Jürgen , Wolf Patrick , Schallow Julian , Nöhring Fabian , Deuse Jochen , Richter Ralph
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung

Industrial Data Science eröffnet produzierenden Unternehmen innovative Möglichkeiten zur Optimierung von Produkten und Prozessen sowie der Initiierung neuer Geschäftsmodelle in Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken. Um Unternehmen zum zielgerichteten Einsatz moderner Analysetechnologien zu befähigen, werden in diesem Beitrag das Konzept eines integrierten, datengetriebenen Referenzbaukastens zur industriellen Datenanalyse sowie dessen Realisierung als kollaborative Service-Plattform vorgestellt und beispielhaft Anwendungsfälle skizziert.
Ein zukunftssicheres Supply-Chain-Management
Authors: Marek Svenja , Berwing Katharina
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung

In Zeiten von Megatrends wie Digitalisierung und Globalisierung entstehen neue Anforderungen an das bestehende Supply-Chain-Management (SCM). Um diesen Herausforderungen erfolgreich zu begegnen, hat das FIR an der RWTH Aachen mit einem Industriekonsortium Erfolgsfaktoren zur Sicherung der Zukunftsfähigkeit des SCM definiert. In Zusammenarbeit mit den Unternehmen des Konsortiums werden in diesem Beitrag aktuelle Trends aufgezeigt, die die Ableitung zukünftiger Entwicklungen des SCM ermöglichen.
Risikomanagement in der energieorientierten Produktionsplanung und -steuerung
Authors: Roth Stefan , Reinhart Gunther
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung

Stromkosten stellen im Rahmen der Energiewende einen zunehmend wichtigen Wettbewerbsfaktor für die Industrie dar. Der durch die energieorientierte Produktionsplanung ermittelte Strombedarf von Produktionsmaschinen und Anlagen wird im Vorfeld an den Strommärkten mit der Verpflichtung beschafft, diesen innerhalb bestimmter Toleranzen am entsprechenden Produktionstag zu verbrauchen. Treten in der laufenden Produktion Störungen auf, können die damit verbundenen Abweichungen vom eingeplanten Stromverbrauch hohe Strafkosten verursachen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt Ansatzpunkte für ein Risikomanagement im Rahmen der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung auf und beschreibt mögliche Kompensationsmaßnahmen aus der betrieblichen Praxis.
Gestaltung effizienter Produktionssysteme
Authors: Hiller Tobias , Härtel Lasse , Nyhuis Peter
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung

Im Rahmen des Exzellenzclusters PhoenixD wird an der Leibniz Universität in Hannover die Produktion optischer Systeme erforscht, die sich derzeit noch durch komplexe, mehrstufige Prozesse und einen geringen Automatisierungsgrad auszeichnet. Ziel ist es, neuartige Technologien und Fertigungsprozesse zu entwickeln, die eine individualisierte, additive sowie adaptive Produktion optischer Systeme zu geringen Kosten ermöglichen. Neuartige Produktionsabläufe erfordern auch eine Neugestaltung und -bewertung bestehender Produktionssysteme. Neben einer hohen logistischen Leistungsfähigkeit muss dabei zukünftig zudem eine hohe Ressourceneffizienz im Fokus der Betrachtung stehen.
Processing and properties of ultrafine-grained Mg-3Al-1Zn magnesium alloy microtubes fabricated via isothermal hot microforming of SPD processed precursors
Authors: Khandani Tohid , Faraji Ghader , Torabi Hamid Reza
Published: January 2020

In the present paper, a new method for producing ultrafine grained microtubes of AZ31 magnesium alloy is proposed. The method consists of performing isothermal hot micro-backward extrusion on severe plastic deformation processed samples. One-pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and cyclic extrusion compression angular pressing forward extrusion (CECAP-FE) were performed on an as-cast coarse-grained Mg-3Al-1Zn magnesium alloy before microtube fabrication. Microstructure and microhardness of the samples before and after micro-backward extrusion and deformation force during the fabrication process were studied. As a result, it was revealed that the proposed method performed on CECAP-FEed precursors could effectively produce ultrafine grained AZ31 magnesium alloy microtubes with excellent microhardness, good uniformity in shape, microstructure, and microhardness.
Flipped Reposition Laminoplasty for Excision of Intradural Extramedullary Tumors in the Thoracolumbar Spine: A Case Series of 14 Patients
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Debbarma Ijack , Boruah Tankeshwar , Sareen Atul , Patralekh Mohit Kumar , Dagar Ashish , Kareem Shaffaf Abdul
Published: January 2020

Study Design: A retrospective study was done to assess the outcome of the new technique of flipped reposition laminoplasty for excision of intradural extramedullary (IDEM) spinal tumors of the thoracolumbar region.Purpose: To describe flipped reposition laminoplasty technique and evaluate its outcomes. Overview of Literature: Laminectomy has been the conventional approach for the surgical excision of IDEM spinal tumors, but it has potential postoperative complications. Laminoplasty maintains the posterior arch of the spine and avoids complications seen in Laminectomy, such as instability, epidural scarring, and kyphotic deformity.Methods: Fourteen patients (nine females and five males) diagnosed with IDEM tumors of the thoracolumbar region operated between 2016 and 2018 were included in this study. Pathologically, five cases were schwannomas; four cases were meningiomas; two cases were ependymomas; and one case each was lymphoma, neurofibroma, and teratoma. All patients had their neurological deficits documented using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. After completion of all preanesthetic formalities, the patients were operated upon by a single surgeon using the flipped reposition laminoplasty technique. Follow-up was done at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post operation and yearly thereafter.Results: The mean age of the patients was 35.28 years (14–65 years), and the mean follow-up duration was 17 months (6–26 months). Two patients were assessed with ASIA grade A neurology, one patient improved to ASIA grade B, whereas the other did not improve. Two patients improved from ASIA grade B to ASIA grade D, and seven patients with ASIA grades C and D improved to ASIA grade E. Fusion at the osteotomy site was seen in 92.85% (13 out of 14) cases on one side within 6 months post operation. Fusion was seen in all the cases within 1 year post operation.Conclusions: Flipped reposition laminoplasty is an excellent technique providing adequate exposure and additional stability postoperatively.
Sarcopenia and Back Muscle Degeneration as Risk Factors for Back Pain: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kim Whoan Jeang , Kim Kap Jung , Song Dae Geon , Lee Jong Shin , Park Kun Young , Lee Jae Won , Chang Shann Haw , Choy Won Sik
Published: January 2020

Study Design: Case-control study.Purpose: To investigate the independent associations of back pain with sarcopenia and with back muscle degeneration, and to introduce a new risk index for back muscle degeneration.Overview of Literature: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia recommends diagnosis using handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass. However, these criteria do not strongly reflect back muscle degeneration.Methods: Patients who completed a questionnaire on back-pain between October 2016 and October 2017 were enrolled in this study. Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), cross-sectional area (CSA) index, fatty infiltration (FI) rate of the paraspinal muscles, and lumbar extensor strength index (LESI) were measured and compared between no back-pain and back-pain group. Correlations between LESI and ASMI, CSA index, and FI rate were analyzed. The back-pain group was further divided according to ASMI into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia subgroups and by our newly developed back muscle degeneration risk index based on correlation coefficients between LESI and CSA index, FI rate. Differences in ASMI, CSA index, FI rate, LESI, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score between subgroups were analyzed.Results: The ASMI, CSA index, FI rate, and LESI differed significantly between back-pain and pain-free groups. The LESI demonstrated the strongest correlation with FI rate. There were no significant differences in VAS score and back muscle degeneration index in the back-pain group when divided according to the presence of sarcopenia. However, there was a significant difference in VAS score between back-pain patients when classified according to high and low back muscle degeneration risk index.Conclusions: We suggest that the degree of back pain is more strongly associated with back muscle degeneration than with sarcopenia. This back muscle degeneration risk index, reflecting both back muscle morphology and function, could be a useful parameter for evaluation of back pain and muscle degeneration.
La discrète montée en puissance de la CSG
Authors: Calmette Jean-François
Published: January 2020

Le système de protection sociale français, inspiré du système assurantiel bismarckien, et financé par des cotisations, a bien fonctionné pendant les « Trente Glorieuses » mais est mis en péril à partir de 1975. Face à l’accroissement des dépenses, l’impossibilité d’augmenter encore les cotisations sur les salaires entraine la création en 1990 de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) financée par des prélèvements obligatoires sur tous les revenus des personnes résidant en France. Grâce à son assiette très élargie, la CSG qui a vu son rendement annuel dépasser celui de l’impôt sur le revenu (IR) dès 1998, est devenu un impôt direct majeur. Se pose alors la question de la fusion de la CSG et de l’IR dont l’enjeu est celui d’une fiscalisation croissante du financement de la Sécurité sociale.
Réflexion sur la lutte contre l’évasion fiscale internationale (2)
Authors: Leroy Marc
Published: January 2020

Des progrès importants ont été accomplis pour créer de nouveaux instruments de lutte contre l’évasion fiscale internationale mais leur mise en œuvre nationale ne transforme pas les fondements du système socio-fiscal qui demeure marqué par une tendance néolibérale.
Evaluation des postures de travail lors de la réalisation d’un court-circuit gastrique avec anse en Y : laparoscopie 2D vs laparoscopie avec robot-assistance
Authors: Chevalier U. , Breton C. , Blanc P.
Published: January 2020

La robot-assistance en chirurgie laparoscopique améliore l’ergonomie du chirurgien. Nous avons évalué cette ergonomie lors de la réalisation d’un court circuit gastrique avec anse en Yen comparant la laparoscopie 2D (L2D) et la laparoscopie robot-assistée (LRA). Dans cette étude la LRA a amélioré l’ergonomie du chirurgien avec moins de douleurs musculosquelettiques. C’est pourquoi, nous recommandons la laparoscopie avec robot-assistance en chirurgie bariatrique.
TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SIAM PATIN FISH CULTIVATION BUSINESS (Case Study of UPT-Islamic University of Riau Kubang Raya, Siak Hulu Sub-District, Kampar District)
Authors: Mey Limetry Liana
Published: January 2020

Siam patin fish cultivation in the UPT-UIR is a business-oriented business with the aim of maximizing business profits. Technical efficiency will be achieved if the farmer is able to allocate available production factors to produce high production so that it has an impact on farmer income. This study aims to analyze the allocation of the use of production inputs and the technical efficiency of Siamese catfish cultivation business. This research is a case study on UPT-UIR Pool with the census taking technique of respondents, namely managers and pool workers UPT-UIR. The results showed that the average production costs incurred were worth Rp. 135,321,515.22, consisting of variable costs Rp. 124,713,221.42 (92.16%) and fixed costs Rp. 10,608,293.80 (7.84%). Furthermore, there are 2 types of fish production, namely patin salai and fresh consumption with an average production of 10,628 kg and a selling price of Rp 12,500 / Kg with gross revenues of Rp 132,392,714 / harvest period. Furthermore, the results of the frontier test through 2 trials (approaches) the value of technical efficiency obtained is 0.9873 and 0.4378. Based on the criteria of technical efficiency, the efficiency value <1, means that the allocation of the use of production inputs exceeds the efficiency value so that it is necessary to reduce the use of production inputs. As a result, the business of Siamese catfish in the UPT-UIR Pond is in a technically inefficient condition. In the future, managers must pay attention to the allocation of efficient production inputs not only technically but also allocatively and economically so that they can increase productivity and farmer acceptance.
POLA KONSUMSI RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KELAPA SAWIT PIR-TRANS DI DESA HANG TUAH KECAMATAN PERHENTIAN RAJA KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Vaulina Sisca
Published: January 2020

Pendapatan merupakan salah satu indikator untuk melihat pola konsumsi rumahtangga. Penduduk yang memiliki tingkat pendapatan berbeda akan memiliki pola konsumsi yang berbeda pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis: (1) Karakteristik rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit PIR-Trans di Desa Hangtuah; (2) Pendapatan rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit PIR-Trans (Usahatani kelapa sawit dan Usaha Lain) di Desa Hangtuah; (3) Pola konsumsi (Pangan dan Non Pangan) rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit PIR-Trans di Desa Hangtuah; (4) Hubungan pendapatan rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit terhadap konsumsi (Pangan dan Non Pangan) rumah tangga petani PIR-Trans di Desa Hangtuah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey di Desa Hangtuah Kecamatan Perhentian Raja Kabupaten Kampar, menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Simple Random Sampling, berjumlah 40 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif serta Korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Karakteristik sampel rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit berumur produktif; pendidikan tamat SD; jumlah tanggungan keluarga rata-rata 4 orang dan lama berusahatani 26 tahun. (2) Pendapatan yang diterima petani dari usahatani kelapa sawit rata-rata Rp 5.500.270/bulan dan pendapatan usahatani lainnya Rp 367.520/bulan dan pendapatan dari usaha lain rata-rata Rp 937.500/bulan. (3) Pola konsumsi rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit terhadap pengeluaran pangan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan pengeluaran non pangan. (4) Korelasi pearson, hubungan pendapatan dengan konsumsi pangan 0,46 dan bernilai positif, sedangkan hubungan pendapatan dengan konsumsi non pangan 0,91 dan bernilai positif
ANALISIS EKONOMI RUMAHTANGGA PETANI SAYURAN DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Sari Dewi Yuliana , Bakce Djaimi , Hadi Syaiful
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ekonomi rumahtangga petani sayuran di Kabupaten Kampar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ekonometrik dengan metode Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, produksi sayuran dipengaruhi secara responsif oleh total alokasi waktu kerja dalam usahatani. Kedua, alokasi waktu kerja dalam usahatani dan penggunaan tenaga kerja luar rumahtangga tidak responsif terhadap pendapatan dalam usahatani dan alokasi waktu kerja luar usahatani. Alokasi waktu kerja luar usahatani tidak responsif terhadap pendapatan dari luar usahatani, alokasi waktu kerja dalam usahatani, dan angkatan kerja petani. Ketiga, pendapatan rumahtangga di luar usahatani tidak responsif terhadap alokasi waktu kerja luar usahatani, pendidikan petani dan umur petani. Keempat, konsumsi pangan dan non pangan tidak responsif terhadap investasi pendidikan petani. Kelima, investasi pendidikan, investasi usahatani, pengeluaran leisure serta tabungan dipengaruhi secara responsif oleh pendapatan total rumahtangga. Keenam, simulasi peningkatan harga sayur dan penurunan harga pupuk berdampak positif terhadap rumahtangga petani sayuran, sedangkan peningkatan upah tenaga kerja berdampak negatif terhadap ekonomi rumahtangga petani sayuran. Terakhir, implikasi kebijakan yang dapat diambil pemerintah dalam rangka meningkatkan ekonomi rumahtangga petani sayuran di Kabupaten Kampar adalah dengan melakukan pembinaan terhadap petani sayuran di Kabupaten Kampar sehingga mutu dan produktivitas sayuran yang dihasilkan mengalami peningkatan serta menetapkan harga pupuk yang bersaing dan stabil.
PERANCANGAN MATERI EDUKASI VISUAL POLA KONSUMSI SEHAT KOPI
Authors: Ardiansyah Hari , Listya Irene Erika , Pratama Okky Nugraha
Published: January 2020

Media Otten Coffe menyatakan bahwa Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil kopi terbesar di dunia, akan tetapi masyarakat Indonesia belum sepenuhnya ter- edukasi mengenai cara minum kopi yang baik dan benar. Petani Kopi Indonesia mengeluh- kan bahwa perlu adanya edukasi tentang kopi bahwa kopi tidak selamanya terpandang nega- tif. Kementrian Kesehatan RI berkolaborasi dengan Badan Ekonomi Kreatif maka terciptalah sebuah konsep perancangan materi edukasi pola konsumsi kopi secara sehat ini dengan ber- landaskan teori desain komunikasi visual. Konsep perancangan materi edukasi ini diharap- kan dapat membuat perubahan perilaku yang positif di masyarakat yaitu mengonsumsi kopi dengan pola konsumsi secara sehat.
Kajian Yuridis Pelaksanaan Pasal 7 UURI Nomor 20 Tahun 2013 Tentang Program Pendidikan Dokter Layanan Primer
Authors: Rachmawati Arifatur
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian mengkaji pelaksanaan pasal 7 UURI No 20 Tahun 2013 tentang program pendidikan DLP. Metode Penelitian adalah Normatif. Pelaksanaan DLP menjadi Polemik karena mengesahkannya tanpa ada PPNya.  DLP merupakan implementasi program pemerintah, tercermin dalam UU No 40 Tahun 2004 tentang  SJSN yang diwujudkan dalam JKN. Pasal 8 ayat 1 UU No 20 Tahun 2013 menyatakan bahwa Program Pendidikan Dokter yang terakreditasi A penyelenggara DLP  .salah satunya UNPAD.

UURI  No 20 pasal 7 ayat (9) tertulis  “ Ketentuan lebih lanjut mengenai program DLP  sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat(5) huruf b dan program Intersip dimaksud pada ayat 7 dan ayat 8 diatur dalam peraturan pemerintah, UUD 1945 pasal 5 ayat (2) :“Presiden menetapkan peraturan pemerintah untuk  menjalankan UU sebagaiman mestinya “   sebagai dasar hukum Presiden menetapkan PP.  Pasal 7 UU No 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Jenis dan Hierarki Peraturan Perundang-undangan.

Menyusunan peraturan perundang-undangan diperlukan asas-asas Hukum, Teori Stuffen Bow Karya Hans Kelsen yang membahas Jenjang Norma Hukum, L.Prakke en C.A.J.M. asas legalitas berkait erat dengan suatu wewenang untuk  bertidak,.Philipus M.Hadjon keabsahan tindakan pemerintah didasarkan pada aspek kewenangan yang (atribusi, delegasi,mandat),aspek prosedur dan aspek substansi

Kesimpulannya Program Pendidikan  DLP belum bisa dilaksanakan menunggu PPNya, tetapi karena permohon Judicial Review PDUI ditolak MK ,keputusan MK bersifat Final dan mengikat maka DLP harus tetap dijalankan. Dan  sebaiknya pemerintah segera merampungkan rancangan PPNya
Pengurangan Pekerja Anak Perempuan Di Lingkungan Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Sukendar Astria Yuli Satyarini , Raissa Amanda , Michael Tomy
Published: January 2020

Maraknya fenomena dimana anak-anak di lingkungan pondok pesantren menjadi pekerja anak dengan tujuan untuk membantu kepala pondok pesantren atau yang disebut sebagai kyai dan nyai, merupakan salah satu fenomena sosial yang menunjukkan adanya ketidaksejahteraan kondisi pada anak-anak, terutama di Indonesia. Mereka yang bersekolah dan memilih pondok pesantren sebagai tempat untuk mencari ilmu, tidak diperkenankan untuk menjadi pekerja anak. Seharusnya mereka fokus untuk belajar demi masa depannya, bukan untuk dipekerjakan. Faktanya, belakangan ini banyak santri yang dipekerjakan oleh kyai ataupun nyainya di luar konteks yang berhubungan dengan pendidikan, misalnya mereka diminta untuk membersihkan rumah pribadinya, memasakkan makanan untuk keluarga kyai dan nyainya, merawat anak kyai dan nyainya, dan pekerjaan lainnya yang disuruhkan kepada santri-santri tersebut. Santri-santri ini tidak menerima upah berupa uang, tetapi bekerja secara cuma-cuma dan tidak ada batasan waktu. Kapan saja mereka diminta dan disuruh, disitu lah mereka harus siap bekerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode yuridis empiris yang dimana penulis melihat kenyataan langsung dan fakta-fakta dalam kejadiannya serta memadukan dengan norma-norma hukum yang berlaku. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah, maraknya fenomena pekerja anak yang terjadi di Indonesia dan merambat ke lingkungan pondok pesantren yang menyebabkan anak-anak tersebut tidak fokus dalam menjalankan pendidikannya. Dan untuk melindungi anak perempuan (santri) untuk tidak menjadi pekerja anak dan dapat menjalankan pendidikannya tanpa terganggu oleh hal-hal di luar pendidikan, seperti bekerja. Karena anak-anak yang bersekolah sambil bekerja tetap akan tertinggal dari teman-temannya yang tidak bekerja dalam hal kehadirannya di kelas, kapasitas ilmu yang diperoleh, dan cenderung mendapatkan perlakuan yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan teman-teman lainnya. Disini lah dibutuhkan perlindungan terhadap hak anak untuk tidak menjadi pekerja anak di lingkungan pondok pesantren.
Authors: Bainamus Putri Milanda , Prisdinawati Dwita
Published: January 2020

The area of ??Rejang Lebong Regency in Selupu Rejang District is the business of the sugar palm business called UD Sari Aren. Granular palm sugar processing business has been running for more than fifteen years. Because UD Sari Aren is the only sugar granular palm industry the researchers are interested in seeing business feasibility through a profitability approach which is a comparison between earnings and capital. This study aims to determine the value of profitability and profit of UD Sari Aren granular palm sugar. This research uses census method, and profitability ratio analysis tool. Purposive sampling technique, with the criteria for one of the businesses that has been in existence for more than twelve years. The results of the study, the production costs incurred by UD. Sari Aren amounted to Rp 2,550,000,000 per year. The production value of this business is IDR 3,360,000,000 / year with a production of 96,000 kg / year. The selling price is IDR 35,000 / kg. the profit obtained is Rp. 810,000,000.- / year. The profitability value from the ratio of profit and capital is 31.76 percent. It can be interpreted that the business gets a profit far greater than the prevailing interest rate which is 18 percent per year

 Keywords: granular palm sugar, value of production, capital, profit, profitability
Oportunidades para inovação no tratamento da leishmaniose usando o potencial das plantas e produtos naturais como fontes de novos fármacos
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Filipe G. , Gilbert Benjamin , Villas Bôas Glauco K.
Published: January 2020

A leishmaniose é considerada uma das doenças mais negligenciadas. Os medicamentos de escolha para todas as formas de leishmaniose ainda são os antimoniais pentavalentes. A anfotericina B e pentamidina são relegadas à segunda linha pela toxicidade. O principal medicamento utilizado no Brasil, o Glucantime®, apresenta vários efeitos adversos e representa ainda alto custo de aquisição para o país. O Brasil detém a maior parcela da biodiversidade mundial, e não é surpreendente que haja espécies ativas contra essa doença. O objetivo deste trabalho é apontar oportunidades para a inovação em medicamentos da biodiversidade no tratamento da leishmaniose. Nos últimos anos, várias plantas foram mostradas ativas contra o gênero Leishmania, dentre as quais Kalanchoe pinnata, Plumbago scandens, Physalis angulata, Piper aduncum, Tabernaemontana australis e Phyllanthus amarus. Estas poderão servir de base para a formulação de um fitoterápico para tratar a doença. Ate agora, apesar das pesquisas por novos fármacos em instituições de todo o mundo, poucos foram os avanços, e pouca atenção foi dada no Brasil ao desenvolvimento de medicamentos para leishmaniose com base na biodiversidade.
ANALISIS MASHLAHAT MURSALAH KEIKUTSERTAAN INDONESIA DALAM ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
Authors: Amri Fahlul , Tanjung Hendri , Sukarno Fahruddin
Published: January 2020

Methodology uses a qualitative method. The characteristic on it is direction to describe a case with understanding of meaning and its problems, so that data analyzing which used is analytic descriptive. Collecting data uses observation method, interview, documentaries and ends to conclusion. The result of this research and its analyzing about Mashlahat Mursalah in AEC 2015 to Indonesia shows that many domain advantages and positives side. Indonesia would become a wealth region and competitive with good economic progressing and reducing poverty and it deviation social and economic. But, to reach it is not easy at all and need a hard and serious work to face it. Indonesia has big potential such as population, natural resources, wide geography and biggest PDB in ASEAN so that Indonesia become main player in ASEAN Economic Community 2015.