bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEASURES TO IMPROVE MANAGEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY ON PE "RPPE "SPARING-VIST CENTER"
Authors:   National University «Lviv Polytechnic», Gnylianska Lesia , Doroshenko Viktoriya ,   National University «Lviv Polytechnic»
Published: May 2022

The article substantiates and develops practical recommendations for the research and implementation of an innovative project at the enterprise. The essence of the innovative project is the achievement of specific strategic goals of this company or group of persons engaged in the implementation of the relevant project through the implementation of certain innovations in con-ditions that create certain restrictions, which include the period of project implementation, human, as well as financial resources. In particular, measures to improve the implementation of innovative projects of the enterprise are presented. The problem of the effectiveness of the development and implementation of an innovative project is the need to study the approaches, methods and features of the project implementation. In the process of researching the implementation of an innovative energy saving project, the company's activities were applied: methods of analysis and comparison, financial and economic (for the study of the state of economic, economic and innovation activities) and graphic (for the visual presentation of the results of the study) analyses of the enterprise. To obtain analytical information, the data of statistical reporting and internal reporting of the Private Enterprise "Sci-entific and Production Private Enterprise "Sparring-Vista Center" were used. The trends in the development of the main indica-tors of activity are investigated, innovative projects are evaluated and alternatives to the introduction of innovative energy saving projects into the activities of the Private Enterprise are proposed. The development and implementation of an innovative project in the system of innovative management is based on the process of making management decisions that will ensure its success and economic efficiency. The work has developed practical recommendations for the research and implementation of measures to improve the management of energy efficiency of the enterprise. The system of management of innovative projects is presented of the Private Enterprise "Scientific and Production Private Enterprise "Sparring-Vista Center". The dynamics of electricity costs is analyzed and presented and the processes of development and implementation of the energy saving strategy as a tool for managing the energy efficiency of the enterprise are proposed, which takes into account the conditions and features of the functioning of its energy supply systems and allows solving key problems of efficient use of energy resources in the long term. The main types of energy-saving measures that take into account the mechanism of implementation of energy consumption technologies and affect the choice of energy saving strategy at the enterprise are identified. Attention is focused on the formation of the sequence of development of the implementation program energy management systems at the enterprise.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS AN INDICATOR CONSCIOUSNESS OF SOCIETY
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Ilchenko Viktoriia
Published: May 2022

Significantly growing interest in social entrepreneurship as a new direction of research and practical activities. Social entrepreneurship should be positioned as an indicator of society's consciousness – they change people's lives, improve their living environment, increase welfare, create conditions for access of vulnerable groups to the benefits of the modern world. Social entrepreneurship does not exclude profitability, but in the first place there is the solution of social problems or the creation of social value to help society. To do this, use effective business models that ensure sustainable develop-ment of the enterprise. In many countries, social entrepreneurship is an indicator of the most progressive and "human" business. In Ukraine, social entrepreneurship is a fairly new field of activity that is of great interest among various groups of con-cerned citizens and entrepreneurs. In today's reality, social entrepreneurship is becoming one of the important and effective tools for solving social problems, both for civil society and small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine and a leader in various sectors of the economy of any developed country. In the absence of regulatory framework and recognition of the status of a social enterprise, it is extremely difficult for this business to "survive". Therefore, to intensify social entrepreneurship it is necessary to: conduct active government incentives with various funds, provide preferences in taxation and lending, provide risk insurance, provide information support, pursue an awareness-raising policy among the population about the benefits of social enterprise, media, education in the field of social innovation, to involve successful social entrepreneurs in the exchange of experience in solving problems, especially during a pandemic and economic crisis. Social entrepreneurship and socially responsible business suffer the most from economic uncertainty and the lack of an effective state anti-crisis management policy. Social transformations in the field of social entrepreneur-ship include digital technological transformation, improving the quality and increasing social ties, exchanging experiences and ideas among incubators, fundraisers and support agents. All this will allow to overcome modern challenges and reach a new economic level.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPETITIVE STRATEGY FOR AN INTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National University of Trade and Economics, Korzh Maryna , Malinoshevska Kateryna ,   «Highline Media» Ltd.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the most important theoretical and practical problems related to the existing opportunities for development, where there are options for calculations during the election of a competitive strategy that should ensure high competitiveness of trading systems. The use of break-even analysis allows a more objective distribution between these categories, if we focus on the absolute size of break-even points and indicators of financial strength. The article states that along with intellectual and innovative financial strength, there is a costly one based on old trade technologies. Expenditure financial strength can be defined as the difference between the overall financial strength of the trading system and the above parameters. As a result, a structure of financial strength of the system is formed, in which the share of innovative and intellectual developments should mainly determine the total volume of trade. Otherwise, we will see an evolutionary shift to routine, costly trading technologies, the financial strength of which will reduce the competitive attractiveness of trading systems. Such actions are based on differ-ences in the life cycles of goods sold, economic relations, the functioning of the enterprise itself. The life cycle of the product is shorter than the life cycles of economic relations, the existence of the enterprise. It is not the product itself that is the source of additional income received by the enterprise, but the specific relationship of the latter with the environment, which have inde-pendent value. Internal competition will be increasingly determined by the requirements of the global, which will be dominated by innovative and intellectual competitive advantages.
WORLD EXPERIENCE OF TRANSITION TO CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODELS ON THE BASIS OF USE OF WASTE-FREE TECHNOLOGIES IN AIC
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vovk Valeriia
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the issues of world experience of transition to models of circular economy on the basis of use of waste-free technologies in agro – industrial complex. The main differences of the circular model of the economy from the linear (traditional) one are determined. The ecological, economic and social advantages of the circular economy both at the entrance and at the exit from the circular model of economy are singled out. The evolutionary development of R-principles of formation of the concept of circular economy from 3R to 10R is investigated, which proves the dynamism and complexity circular economy. It is substantiated that the circular economy covers issues of energy efficiency, reduction of pollutant emissions, creation of in-novative and efficient methods of production and consumption, optimization of waste management on a cyclical basis. The na-tional peculiarities of the transition to the model of circular economy in some countries of the world are analyzed, in particular, in all cases the concept of circular economy is related to the recycling of waste by environmental impact on the environment. It is proposed to use the concept of “circular bioeconomy” when using waste-free agro-industrial technologies, which should be considered as a combination of the concepts of “circular economy” and “bioeconomy”. By circular bioeconomy we mean a strategy aimed at reducing dependence on fossil fuels, the transition to renewable energy sources and ensuring sustainable economic development through the use of waste-free technologies. It is established that the most promising model of circular bioeconomy based on the use of waste-free agro-industrial technologies is the production of biogas from agricultural waste. The current state of development of biogas technologies in some countries of the world is determined and the advantages for agricultural enterprises from the introduction of environmentally friendly waste-free technologies for biogas production from waste are determined. Based on the research of world experience in implementing a circular economy model using waste-free agro-industrial technologies, a potential scheme for biogas production from agricultural waste to ensure energy security of the industry and characterized the environmental effects of its implementation.
INTERNAL CONTROL OF BUDGET SETTLEMENTS FOR THE REAL ESTATE TAX OTHER THAN THE LAND PLOT
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Fomina Tetiana , Puhachenko Olha ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: May 2022

Despite the simple mechanism for determining the amount of a tax on real estate other than the land plot payable to the budget, tax audit and timeliness of its payment remain relevant, because errors and violations lead to potential risks associated with the impositions of financial sanctions by regulatory bodies. Therefore, the issue of improving the methodology of internal control of budget settlements for the mentioned type of local tax cannot be ignored. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for internal control of budget settlements for the tax on real estate other than the land plot owned by legal entities. The study was conducted using analysis, generalization, grouping, and comparison. The graphical method was applied to illustrate the research findings. The study emphasizes the role and significance of the tax on real estate other than the land plot in the formation of revenues of territorial communities. It is determined that the tax base of the relevant tax has limited mobility, and the use of funds from its collection is directly related to the development of the infrastructure of the territories where the taxable real estate objects are located. Emphasis is placed on the fact that there is the probability of the increase of shadow income taxation when imposing the tax, and the relative simplicity of administration ensures the stability of budget revenues. The place of the tax in the system of property taxation in Ukraine was determined. It is highlighted that this issue is not urgent for individuals, since this tax is calculated for them by the supervisory authorities at the tax address of the property owner. As for legal entities, they independently form objects and determine the tax base. The article generalizes the elements of the tax on real estate other than the land plot and groups the objects of taxation of residential and non-residential real estate. The authors developed a methodology for internal audit of budget settlements for the tax on real estate other than the land plot with the identification of areas of verification, control procedures, and indicative sources of information. The developed methodology is intended for both internal control entities and representatives of state regulatory bodies.
THE ROLE OF THE FASHION INDUSTRY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES AND CREATIVE CAPITAL FORMATION
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution «Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture», Babenko Valentina , Garashchenko Vladislava ,   State Higher Educational Institution «Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to defining the role of the fashion industry in the overall development of creative industries in Ukraine and its influence on the formation of creative capital. It has been determined that the creative economy is becoming a characteristic feature of modern society. The development of creative industries and creative professions in information society is the most important factor for the formation of creative human capital. The understanding of the importance of creative industries for economic development has increased in recent decades. The fashion industry as a promising sector of the creative economy that actively develops on the use of intellectual property rights contributes to the formation of creative human capital in the world and in Ukraine. It has been established that the fashion industry influences the innovative development of many spheres of eco-nomic activity and the economy as a whole. In particular, the gross value added (GVA), employment and the number of subjects of creative industries in Ukraine are growing rapidly. The development of creative industries, which has recently been seen as an attribute solely to developed economies, affluent populations and high levels of education, is becoming particularly relevant to Ukraine, which can demonstrate its creative capital. The study concludes that the Ukrainian fashion industry is a new segment and commercial sector, which has recently been gaining momentum as a separate sector of the economy and includes not only the production and distribution of goods, but also related sectors. Having gone through several stages, the fashion industry in the XXI century has been recognized as a creative industry and has proven to have a strong commercial potential, making its own contribution to the development of the creative class and creative capital. The development of creative industries in Ukraine should give an impetus to the realization of creative abilities and ideas of the creative class and will contribute to the develop-ment of new creative capital and creative economy.
GREEN IMPERATIVES AND FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN ECONOMIES
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chala Veronika , Hlushchenko Anna ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aharkov Yehor ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2022

European development policy promotes sustainable development and stability in developing countries, with the ultimate goal of eradicating extreme poverty. Development aid is one of the pillars of the EU's external action, along with foreign, se-curity and trade policy. The EU and its member states provide almost half of all global development aid. This makes the union a leading global donor that invests in peace and security around the world. European countries are also striving to make their development policies more coherent and effective in the face of growing problems caused by conflict and climate change. Policy coherence for development minimizes inconsistencies and builds synergies between different EU policies that can affect part-ner countries. Focusing on efficiency, striving for better development results through smarter and more focused investments. However, the environmental threats of modern economic globalization form a range of urgent tasks of scientific and practical nature for the formation of appropriate strategies to counter and eliminate such threats. Based on the objectives of the Europe 2020 and Europe 2030 strategies, which are pursued by all EU countries and its future members, including Ukraine, the is-sue of green economic growth as one of the main components of sustainable development remains relevant. The UNEP Green Economic Report shows that greening the economy not only does not slow down growth (as scientists and politicians have long argued), but is a new driver of economic growth, as well as a source of decent jobs and intellectualization. social development, etc. That is why the scientific problem of developing organizational and economic mechanisms and tools to support the green economic growth of individual countries, as well as their integration associations, is becoming one of the urgent tasks of eco-nomics, which led to the formulation of goals and objectives of the article.
FEATURES OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Higher Educational Institution «Podillia State University», Dobrovolska Ella , Pokotylska Nataliia ,   Higher Educational Institution «Podillia State University»
Published: May 2022

The crisis in the financial system over the past year has shown that the functions of risk management in banks have not been given sufficient attention, which has jeopardized the efficiency of the entire banking sector. Banking risk management is a process by which a bank identifies risks, assesses their magnitude, monitors them and controls its risk positions, and also takes into account the relationship between different categories of risks. Such tasks should be solved by the banking system of Ukraine in the current conditions of the country's strategic orientation towards joining European structures. The purpose of the article is the features of the risk management system in the banking sector. Methods: general scientific and special research methods, in particular: scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and comparison – for the study of the conceptual apparatus; theoretical generalization and grouping – to study the risks of banking and their classification features; structural analysis – to identify tools for managing banking risks; system analysis – to streamline the organization of the banking risk management process; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalization, formation of conclusions and development of proposals for improving the management of banking risks. The article highlights the essence and components of risk management systems, as well as the content of the main types of banking risks. Risks that have a negative impact on the performance of depositors, creditors and customers of the bank are analyzed. It is proven that in case the identified risks are significant, the bank reviews the risk management system to identify, assess, monitor, report, control and mitigate these risks to determine the amount of capital needed to cover all significant risks inherent in the bank's activities. The key strategic risks of the bank are substantiated and measures to reduce them are proposed. After all, a quality risk management system serves not only the interests of shareholders and management, but also ensures the establishment of reliable and long-term relationships with customers and will form a favorable image of the bank.
STATE BUDGET DEFICIT AND PUBLIC DEBT OF UKRAINE: CURRENT SITUATION AND APPROACHES TO ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Shchetynin Anatolii , Ulianova Liudmyla ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National Universit, Chaika Yuliia ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National Universit
Published: May 2022

The article shows that in a difficult period of transition from the administrative-planned to the market system in Ukraine formed the practice of state budget deficit and increase public debt in order to urgently address the acute socio-economic problems of society. At the present stage of development of the Ukrainian economy, the question of reducing the budget deficit and public debt has already arisen. To answer it, the study analyzes the state budget deficit and public debt in Ukraine and identifies effective sources of public debt repayment. It is substantiated that the basic direction of improving the situation should be the growth of the domestic economy. This statement is due to the fact that the size of the deficit and debt of the state are derived from the state of economic development of the country. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of sources of covering the lack of public funds. It is noted that the main sources are external and internal borrowing, and others – funds from privatization, sale of government securities, return of deposits – are not powerful and are not permanent. The article notes that during the study period there was a significant increase in public debt. This situation is threatening, as our country's dependence on foreign creditors is growing. It is noted that in the structure of our external debt, more than half are foreign government bonds (ODP), and the market for these instruments is very sensitive to economic and political changes in the issuer's country. It is proved that domestic government borrowing has certain advantages, because there is a redistributive process that does not cause rising prices. The study notes that difficulties in forming domestic public debt through domestic government bonds (IGLBs) in Ukraine are due to low living standards and insufficient development of the securities market. It is concluded that the significant pres-sure of domestic public debt on the domestic economy can be reduced only by implementing measures to strengthen investment processes and development on this basis of domestic production.
PERSONNEL CERTIFICATION AS THE MAIN METHOD OF EVALUATION OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Dashko Iryna , Krylov Denis ,   Zaporizhzhia National University, Mykhailichenko Lubomir ,   Zaporizhzhia National University
Published: May 2022

Theoretical aspects of personnel certification are considered. The place of personnel certification among other functions of personnel management as the main method of assessment of its development is determined. It is stated that one of the main requirements of the certification program is the objectivity of employee evaluations, which is often opposed to subjectivity, which is often considered evil and leads to irreparable mistakes. The stages of attestation are indicated, namely: develop-ment of principles and methods of verification; registration of control documents and preparation of attestation materials; filling in the inspection form together with the staff; analysis of results; meeting of the attestation commission; analysis of personnel data; development of recommendations for working with staff. It is analyzed that certification allows managers to make appropriate personnel and organizational decisions, including further improvement of existing forms of employee motivation, career and career planning and career planning, improvement of existing systems of personnel selection and placement, forms and methods of employee training, etc. It is noted that one of the main requirements of the certification program is the objectivity of employee evaluations, which is often opposed to subjectivity, which is often considered evil and leads to irreparable mistakes. It is investigated that the certification is aimed at finding reserves to increase productivity, employees' interest in their work and organizational results, optimal use of economic incentives and social security, creating conditions for dynamic and comprehensive personal development. The function and content of the concept of attestation are studied, the importance of the process, the main methods, technologies, characteristics and main stages of implementation in enterprises are revealed. The importance of the process of attestation of employees at enterprises is proved. The necessity of introduction of modern automation systems at attestation of workers at the enterprises is analyzed. Types of certification are considered, which makes it possible to assess the wage rates of employees; staff training; identification of personnel problems and creation of a personnel reserve. The relevance of the introduction of modern automation systems during the certification of employees at enterprises is considered. Suggestions for the effectiveness of staff evaluation, methods and processes of staff development are provided.
SENSITIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION TO ITS VALUE CHANGING CALCULATED USING DCF MODELING AND COMPARABLE COMPANIES VALUATION METHOD
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Kryvovyazyuk Igor , Burban Oleksandr ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: May 2022

The main goal of the article is a further development of the usage of income and comparable approaches to company valuation aimed at defining market capitalization sensitivity to value changing in the conditions of dynamization of internal and external business parameters. The relevance of the researched topic is determined by the importance of establishing the factors influencing the change in company market capitalization based on the synthesis of approaches to company valuation. To obtain the results of the study, the following methods were used: structural and logical analysis – to improve the process approach to company valuation in the context of determining the impact of its change on market capitalization; discounted cash flow method (DCF-model) – to determine the value of the enterprise based on the income approach; comparable companies method – to determine the value of the company on the basis of a market approach; factor analysis method – to assess the impact of changes in value on company market capitalization; generalization and logical analysis – in conclusions building. The results of critical analysis of publications of domestic and foreign scientists on the application of company valuation methods identified the need of improvement the process approach to company valuation in the context of determining the impact of its change on the company market capitalization. To adequately assess company value, the use of a synthesis of income and market approaches is proposed. The implementation of the DCF-model and comparable companies valuation method while valuation of Private Joint-Stock Company “SKF Ukraine” allowed to establish that the greatest impact on the target metric (company market capitalization) has an average industry multiplier EV/EBITDA, terminal growth rate and weighted average cost of capital – 5.9 %, 3.2% and 2.7% respectively. The practical value of the results of the study is determined by the importance of forming a full analytical basis for establishing the attractiveness of the performance of joint-stock companies in the market and consolidating management decisionsin order to increase market capitalization.
МЕТОД АНАЛІЗУ ІЄРАРХІЙ В ПРИЙНЯТТІ РІШЕНЬ ЩОДО КАДРОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Котельникова Юлія , Касьмін Денис
Published: May 2022

У статті досліджено взаємозв’язок процесу кадрового забезпечення й ефективної діяльності сільськогосподарських підприємств з використанням експертного підходу до рішення багатокритеріальних задач – методу аналізу ієрархій. В цьому сенсі визначено ключові критерії ефективності діяльності сільськогосподарських підприємств та встановлено ступінь їх впливу на діяльність підприємства. Також обрано сім вагомих альтернатив або складових процесу кадрового забезпечення сільськогосподарського підприємства: відповідність кількісного складу працівників кількості робочих місць, вікові особливості працівників, рівень задоволеності працівників умовами праці та кар’єрним зростанням, рівень кваліфікації працівників, рівень освіти працівників, середній час перебування працівника на певній посаді, відповідність розміру оплати праці на підприємстві середньому по галуззі. Оцінено вплив цих альтернатив на ефективну діяльність досліджуваних підприємств.
THE IMPACT FACTORS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN CHINESE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Lei Zhang
Published: May 2022

Agricultural enterprise foreign investment is not only the key to improve the competitiveness of international agricultural products, is also an important measure to ensure national food security, but also conform to the requirements of the national implementation of agricultural enterprise foreign investment strategy layout, and carry out foreign direct investment is an effective way to realize the development of agricultural enterprise foreign investment in our country. This paper uses SWOT analysis to analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges, then select data from 2012-2020, to explore the special law of foreign investment and enterprise internationalization, will help to provide theoretical guidance for the internationalization of agricultural enterprises, research has important theoretical value and practical significance.Agricultural enterprise foreign investment is not only the key to improve the competitiveness of international agricultural products, is also an important measure to ensure national food security, but also conform to the requirements of the national implementation of agricultural enterprise foreign investment strategy layout, and carry out foreign direct investment is an effective way to realize the development of agricultural enterprise foreign investment in our country. This paper uses SWOT analysis to analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges, then select data from 2012-2020, to explore the special law of foreign investment and enterprise internationalization, will help to provide theoretical guidance for the internationalization of agricultural enterprises, research has important theoretical value and practical significance.
ПОНЯТТЯ «BLEISURE-ПОДОРОЖ» І «BLEISURE-ТУРИСТ» В ГОТЕЛЬНОМУ БІЗНЕСІ
Authors: Кашинська Олена
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню актуальних питань готельної індустрії, а саме появі в туристичній і готельній галузях таких понять як «bleisure-подорож» і «bleisure-турист» та їх впливу на формування сучасного формату готельного продукту. Проаналізовано походження термінів та дано їх визначення. Вказано причини вибору бізнес-мандрівниками даного виду туризму та виділено основні фактори, які впливають на рішення про відпочинок під час робочої поїздки. Розглянуто потреби bleisure-туристів, які впливають на формування комплексу готельних послуг для даного типу туристів та особливості їх обслуговування в готельних підприємствах. Наведено приклади програм залучення готельними підприємствами bleisure-туристів та визначено напрямки готельної діяльності щодо залучення до підприємств bleisure-туристів.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН РОЗВИТКУ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Пивовар Петро , Пивовар Алла
Published: May 2022

В статті людський капітал розглянуто як узагальнена кількість існуючих характеристик людських ресурсів міських та сільських територій. Ці характеристики ми було оцінено за 5 компонентами: демографічна, соціальна, економічна, культурно-освітня та трудовий потенціал. Вивчаючи демографічну компоненту людського капіталу сільських та міських територій за період незалежності України, потрібно відмітити наступні структурні зміни: 1) Зменшення кількості населення; 2) Збільшення частки населення на міських територіях; 3) Зменшення частки населення віком до 14 років; 4) Збільшення частки населення віком старше 65 років; 5) Перевищення частки жінок. Аналіз соціальної компоненти людського капіталу демонструє, що на сільських територіях кількість осіб пенсійного віку зменшилася, а їх частка поступово збільшується. Економічна компонента людського капіталу демонструє динаміку до поступового зростання. Компонента трудового потенціалу людського капіталу характеризується непропорційним зменшенням робочої сили. В загалом, відповідно до проведеного аналізу всіх компонент, людський капітал як сільських та міських територій знаходиться в задовільному стані.
СУТНІСТЬ, ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН АВІАЦІЙНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Аберніхіна Ірина
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням визначення сутності категорії «авіаційне страхування». Обґрунтовано, що особливості даного виду страхування пов’язані зі специфічними ризиками, які можуть спричинити катастрофічні для компанії наслідки зі значними збитками внаслідок їх кумулятивного характеру. Проаналізовано та узагальнено сутність поняття «авіаційне страхування» у наукових публікаціях. Доведено, що авіаційне страхування включає комплекс ризиків, що відносяться до кількох галузей страхування. Проаналізовано та зроблено висновок, що страхування авіаційних ризиків в Україні характеризується значною кількістю ліцензованих страховиків, яка є завеликою на нинішньому етапі розвитку авіаційного страхування в нашій країні. Запропоновано, з метою захисту інтересів і страхувальників, і страховиків обмежити їх кількість на державному рівні з урахуванням економічної доцільності та рівня розвитку авіаційного страхування.
Record of abundance of Salamandra salamandra (Linnaeus, 1758) in its southernmost European populations: S. s. longirostris
Authors: Arroyo-Morales R. , Martín–Taboada A. , Juan–Rueda J. , Romero D.
Published: May 2022

In Europe, the southernmost subspecies of salamandra is Salamandra salamandra longirostris, found in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. This subspecies, whose populations are currently in decline, has been proposed as a species due to its genetic differentiation and isolation by distance. In one survey at Fuente del Acebuche (Malaga, Spain), one of its most important breeding sites, we observed 67 adult individuals. These data represent a record density of this subspecies in the south of the Iberian Peninsula and are unique even for communities of Salamandra salamandra in the north.
UML to model pollution patterns of the Smart Cities for Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara –CUCEA –Departamento de Sistemas de Información, Martínez Vargas Martha Patricia , Estrada Guzmán Elsa ,   Universidad de Guadalajara –CUCEI –Departamento de Ciencias Computacionales, Arellano Roció Maciel ,   Universidad de Guadalajara –CUCEA–Centro de Innovación en Ciudades Inteligentes
Published: May 2022

La contaminación en poblaciones densas como la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara crece exponencialmente, afectando la salud de los ciudadanos y reduciendo su Calidad de Vida. Uno de los principales retos de investigación que se persiguen con el estudio de las Smart Cities es la contaminación ambiental para mejorar el bienestar de los ciudadanos y proteger los espacios naturales. Por lo tanto, es urgente el desarrollo de Tecnologías de la Información para reducir este problema mediante el análisis científico de datos, para clasificar las zonas con mayor contaminación. Actualmente, estos datos son capturados por estaciones de monitoreo constante, generando un gran volumen de información que representa un desafío para el proceso de clasificación. Este trabajo propone un modelo UML (Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado) para la ejecución automática de un algoritmo de clasificación utilizando Máquinas de Vectores de Soporte con la implementación de librerías en python para procesamiento paralelo. Como resultado de esta investigación, se desarrolló un modelo UML para identificar patrones de contaminación en Ciudades Inteligentes, por ejemplo, la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara.
Paralelismos entre bases de datos relacionales y no relacionales (un enfoque en seguridad)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador - Sede Ambato, Esquivel Washington Chingo , Sevilla Galo López ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador - Sede Ambato
Published: May 2022

Las bases de datos nacen como una herramienta para el almacenamiento estandarizado en las aplicaciones, con el avance tecnológico surgen diferentes enfoques a la forma de relacionar los datos que se almacenan en las mismas. Comparar dos tecnologías con una misma finalidad, pero con diferente filosofía puede ayudar a comprender de mejor manera para que fue concebida cada una; y tener una mejor perspectiva sobre cómo se pueden complementar y mejorar, a través de distintas prácticas. A pesar de existir diferentes estudios comparativos sobre las bases de datos relacionales y no relacionales, todos se basan en el rendimiento y no en la seguridad. El estudio tiene como objetivo comparar las seguridades en bases de datos relacionales y no relacionales con la finalidad de encontrar diferencias y similitudes entre bases de datos relacionales y no relacionales .La metodología de comparación, se realiza con servidores en la nube aporta un ambiente apropiado para realizar el experimento entre dos bases de datos muy conocidas y de acceso libre PostgreSQL y MongoDB, siendo la primera un tipo de base relacional y la segunda no relacional (NoSql), para generar como resultado una comparativa que se difunda en la comunidad científica.
Rural Healthcare in Kazakhstan: Problems and Trends(Literature Review)
Authors:   Astana Medical University, Turgambayeva Assiya , Imanova Zhazira ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Tulegenova Ainagul ,   Astana Medical University
Published: May 2022

mproving the welfare and quality of life of the population, ensuring fair and equal access to health services are priority areas of social policy in Kazakhstan. As modern domestic studies show, the quality of health of the rural population lags far behind the urban population and has a steady tendency towards deterioration.One of the leading factors affecting the health of rural residents is the low level of accessibility of primary healthcare. It should be noted that the availability of healthcare services is directly and to a greater extent related to the availability of medical organizations and their provision with qualified human resources. In Kazakhstan, an imbalance in the provision of personnel between urban and rural healthcare remains, and the availability of medicines for the rural population is much lower than for the urban population.The purpose of this study was to conduct a literary review of domestic and foreign sources on the problem of rural healthcare in the Republic of Kazakhstan and abroad.Key words: rural healthcare, the quality of life of the rural population, the availability of medical services, social justice
Fight Against Glaucoma: The Problem State in the World and in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Astana Medical University, Makhanova Saltanat , Sekenova Raushan ,   Astana Medical University
Published: May 2022

The social and economic significance of glaucoma can be attributed to the increase in the proportion of elderly patients due to increased life expectancy. In addition, the importance of the disease is determined by its prevalence, the inevitable and irreversible blindness of patients, and the high cost of diagnosis, treatment and dispensation of the disease. The study of the quality of life of patients with glaucoma is a serious social and economic issue for patients with diseases such as glaucoma, which ends in complete blindness.Keywords: glaucoma, social significance of glaucoma, economic significance of glaucoma, glaucoma control
The Experience of Strategic Partnership Between Başkent University and Semey Medical University on The Modernization of Medical Training
Authors:   Başkent University, Özdemir Aydan A. , Varoğlu M. Abdülkadir ,   Sciences, Başkent University, Müderrisoğlu Haldun ,   Başkent University,, Haberal Ali ,   Başkent University, Haberal Mehmet ,   Başkent University
Published: May 2022

Since 1991 Kazakhstan has formed up a series of development projects regarding the modernization of the healthcare services. The formation of social health insurance and developments in medical education was followed by a Social Health Insurance Project to increase the accessibility, quality, and efficiency of health service delivery and reduce financial risks to the population caused by severe health problems. As a part of the Project, Semey Medical University and Başkent University became strategic partners to develop not only the education of the future medical doctors but also the management of the University Hospital. The project last for 21 months. Although pandemic restrictions caused some obstacles during the implementation of the project, all the tasks and activities were executed with a successful cooperation of the experts of both parties. The development of the curriculum, implementation of the Başkent University Medical Education Model, the modernization of the defined clinics as well as the development of the financial and strategic decision making of the governance were the main tasks of the project. The success of this partnership leads to new projects to enable the sustainability of the implemented models.Keywords: Kazakhstan, Semey Medical University, Başkent University, Başkent University Medical Education Model, Medical Education, World Bank, Project Implementation, Modernization, Healthcare Services.
Altruistic behavior, personal and psychological well-being of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan
Authors:   University Medical Center, Bolatov Aidos , Askarova Altynay ,   University Medical Center, Kakhkharova Dilnoza ,   Kazakh-Russian Medical University
Published: May 2022

Background/Aim. Due to the dire situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students from all over the world have been involved in the fight against the new virus. We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the medical students’ quality of life in the context of altruistic behavior.Methods. In total, 437 medical students from Astana Medical University and Kazakh-Russian Medical University participated in a cross-sectional study. Altruistic behavior was assessed to what extent the participants showed certain acts of altruism. To evaluate the immediate psychological impact of COVID-19, we conducted an online survey, using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Personal Well-being Index (PWI), and Academic Motivation Scale. Results. Female students showed a lower level of PWI and a higher level of Fear of COVID-19. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 14.4%, 18.1%, and 6.6%, respectively, and was correlated with Fear of COVID-19. Students with confirmed COVID-19, students with family members or friends with confirmed COVID-19, and students who lived with high-risk people had a high risk for low personal and psychological well-being. Altruistic behavior during the COVID-19 was associated with high PWI. Volunteering and providing medical care students demonstrated a higher level of personal and psychological well-being, and satisfaction with the profession. But, working in provisional hospitals was associated with symptoms of stress.Conclusion. Despite the negative impact of the COVID-19, altruistic behavior had a positive impact on medical students ‘quality of life.Keywords: altruistic behavior, medical students, COVID-19, psychological well-being, quality of life.
Providing Rural Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with Medical Services Involving Mobile Medical Complexes
Authors:   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Imanova Zhazira , Kuliyev Ramiz ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Orynbassaruly Aldiyar ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the provision of medical services to the population living in remote rural areas with the involvement of mobile medical complexes.Methods. In the course of the study, we analyzed statistical data on providing the population living in remote rural areas of Kazakhstan with medical services involving mobile medical complexes in 2020-2021.Results. The analysis indicated, that the coverage of rural residents with medical examinations provided by mobile medical complexes increased 3.8 times from 6.1% in 2020 to 23.5% in 2021; the amount of specialized vehicles increased 2.6 times from 58 to 152 vehicles, the load per 1 unit of specialized vehicle decreased 2.6 times; the volume of diagnostic studies increased 4.3 times, the volume of laboratory studies increased 2.9 times; the coverage with diagnostic studies per 1 rural resident slightly decreased by 0.3% on average; the coverage with laboratory tests per 1 rural resident increased 1.3 times on average; the number of specialists’ consultations per 1 rural resident increased on average 3.1 times.For the analyzed period of 2020-2021, we see a positive trend as the number of new identified cases for all studied medical conditions increase; however, the proportion of followed-up cases on primary care level remains as low as 17% of the identified patients.Conclusions. The issue of providing population in remote rural areas with medical services involving mobile medical complexes is supported by the government, however, it still requires significant support from the regional health departments and the top managers of healthcare organizations where mobile medical complexes are deployed.Key words: rural healthcare, mobile medical complexes, primary health care, specialized medical care.
Incidence of Morbidity Among Children and Adolescents in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Mukhanova Gulzhan , Ospanaliyeva Madina ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development,, Kamaliyeva Madina ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Duisenbayeva Balzhan ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Kenzhekulova Rauza ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development, Sakhanova Laura ,   Salidat Kairbekova National Research Center for Health Development,
Published: May 2022

Purpose of the research: To study the dynamics of changes in the structure of morbidity among children in Kazakhstan for 2018-2020.Methods: The comparative analysis of the data of the annual form «Report on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization and patients' groups under the clinical supervision» for 2018-2020 has been conducted. Results. According to the results of 2020 data analysis in Kazakhstan, the number of registered diseases among children aged 0-14 and adolescents aged 15-17 decreased by 7% compared to 2018. Respiratory diseases in the 0-14 age group accounted for 51,8 per cent of all reported cases. Among adolescents aged 15-17, respiratory illnesses accounted for 33,81 per cent. Digestive diseases are second in the 0-14 age group, accounting for 9,2 per cent and 10,65 per cent for adolescents. Nervous system diseases in children from 0 to 14 years of age accounted for 6 per cent and for the treatment in third place. Among 15-17-year-olds, the third place is occupied by eye disease and its appendage apparatus, which accounted for 10,35 per cent.Conclusions. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the morbidity rate among children and adolescents for 2018-2020. has a tendency to decrease. The most common diseases among children are diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the eye and appendage apparatus, diseases of the nervous system. At the same time, there has been an increase in the number of diseases of the nervous system.Keywords: childhood morbidity, disease structure, health of children and adolescents, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the nervous system.