bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning Words from Experience
Authors: Henderson Annette M. E. , Sabbagh Mark A.
Published: February 2013

How does experience influence children’s acquisition of word meanings? In this chapter, the authors discuss the evidence from two bodies of literature that take different perspectives to answer this question. First, they review evidence from the “experience” literature, which has demonstrated that different experiential factors (e.g., differences in the quantity and quality of maternal speech) are related to individual differences in children’s early vocabularies. Although the results of the studies within this literature are interesting, the authors argue that they do not clarify how experience influences children’s vocabulary development. They posit that this question can best be answered by marrying the “experience” literature and the “cognitive” literature, which has identified the skills and knowledge that children possess that help them determine the meanings of words. The authors demonstrate how integrating both literatures will provide a valuable framework from which research can be designed and hypotheses tested. In doing so, their framework will provide a comprehensive understanding of how experience influences children’s lexical development.
The Miracle Year
Authors: Bortfeld Heather , Shaw Kathleen , Depowski Nicole
Published: February 2013

In recent years, a functional perspective on infant communication has emerged whereby infants’ production of vocal sounds is understood not only in terms of the acoustic properties of those sounds, but also in terms of the sounds that regulate and are regulated by social interactions with those hearing them. Here, the authors synthesize findings across several disciplines to characterize this holistic view of infant language learning. The goal is to interpret classic and more recent behavioral findings (e.g., on infants’ preferences) in light of data on pre- and postnatal neurophysiological responses to the environment (e.g., fetal heart rate, cortical blood flow). Language learning is a complex process that takes place at multiple levels across multiple systems; this review is an attempt to embrace this complexity and provide an integrated account of how these systems interact to support language learning.
Application of Genetic Algorithm to Minimize the Number of Objects Processed and Setup in a One-Dimensional Cutting Stock Problem
Authors: Brandão Julliany Sales , Coelho Alessandra Martins , Vasconcellos João Flávio V. , Neto Luiz Leduíno de Salles , Pinto André Vieira
Published: February 2013

This paper presents the application of the one new approach using Genetic Algorithm in solving One-Dimensional Cutting Stock Problems in order to minimize two objectives, usually conflicting, i.e., the number of processed objects and setup while simultaneously treating them as a single goal. The model problem, the objective function, the method denominated SingleGA10 and the steps used to solve the problem are also presented. The obtained results of the SingleGA10 are compared to the following methods: SHP, Kombi234, ANLCP300 and Symbio10, found in literature, verifying its capacity to find feasible and competitive solutions. The computational results show that the proposed method, which only uses a genetic algorithm to solve these two objectives inversely related, provides good results.
A Fast Boosting Based Incremental Genetic Algorithm for Mining Classification Rules in Large Datasets
Authors: Vivekanandan Periasamy , Nedunchezhian Raju
Published: February 2013

Genetic algorithm is a search technique purely based on natural evolution process. It is widely used by the data mining community for classification rule discovery in complex domains. During the learning process it makes several passes over the data set for determining the accuracy of the potential rules. Due to this characteristic it becomes an extremely I/O intensive slow process. It is particularly difficult to apply GA when the training data set becomes too large and not fully available. An incremental Genetic algorithm based on boosting phenomenon is proposed in this paper which constructs a weak ensemble of classifiers in a fast incremental manner and thus tries to reduce the learning cost considerably.
Stem cell transplant: An experience from eastern India
Authors: Mukhopadhyay A , Gupta P , Basak J , Chakraborty A , Bhattacharyya D , Mukhopadhyay S , Roy U
Published: February 2013

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant using human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling or unrelated bone marrow, or related or unrelated cord blood has been performed successfully to treat patients with different types of hematological malignancies, genetic disorders and hereditary immune deficiencies. Since 1983, stem cell transplantation has been carried out in different institutes of India. But, till then, no transplantation was performed in eastern India. Materials and Methods: Our present study is reporting for the first time stem cell transplantation in eastern India. From August 2000 to June 2011 (with a 3-year gap for up-gradation), we have performed a total of 22 transplants. Thirteen patients (M:F:9:4) with indications of aplastic anemia, thalassaemia, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia underwent allogenic transplant, whereas autologous transplant was performed for nine patients (M:F:2:1) of multiple myeloma, Hodgkin′s and non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma and neuroblastoma. The median age of the patients was 19.6 years, with a range of 5 years 8 months to 52 years. Fourteen patients received myeloablative conditioning regime whereas eight patients received immunosuppressive and less myeloablative protocol. Sources of stem cells in case of allogenic transplant are bone marrow and related or unrelated umbilical cord blood and in case of autologous transplant, these are peripheral blood stem cells or self-bone marrow. Standard prophylactic medication was followed prior to transplants. Results: A disease-free survival of 68.18% and overall survival of 86.3% were seen at the median follow-up period of 4.6 years. Common post-transplant complications were mucositis, infection, venoocclusive disease, graft versus host disease, hemorrhagic cystitis, etc. Conclusion: The use of cord blood as a source of stem cells has been proved inferior as compared with the bone marrow stem cell source in cases of thalassaemia in our institute and thus is not recommended for thalassaemia. But, it has been proved to be a very useful and effective stem cell source (both related and unrelated cord blood) in cases of aplastic anemia and other immunological disorders.
Etiologic and epidemiologic study of hepatocellular carcinoma in West Azarbaijan of Iran (2006-2011)
Authors: Valizadeh Nasim , Mehdioghli Rahim , Behroozian Ramin
Published: February 2013

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Epidemiologic and etiologic studies help in the prevention of disease and improve surveillance of affected patients. The aim of this study was to study the etiology and epidemiology of HCC in West Azarbaijan of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, retrospective study, medical records of 60 patients with HCC who were diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 in West Azarbaijan of Iran were analyzed for age, sex, location, presence of liver cirrhosis and/or well-known risk factors of HCC. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17 software. Results: From 60 patients with HCC, 75% were male and 25% were female. Mean age of the patients was 63.47 years. 51.66% were from rural areas and 48.33% were from urban areas. 43.33% of HCC patients were cirrhotic while 56.66% patients were non-cirrhotic. Of the 26 cirrhotic patients, 57.69% were seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 15.38% not only had history of excess alcohol intake but were also HBsAg positive, 3.84% had history of alcoholism, 3.84% had history of Wilson disease and the rest (19.24%) had cryptogenic cirrhosis. Of the 34 non-cirrhotic patients, 35.29% were positive for HBsAg. None of the 60 patients with HCC had positive serology for hepatitis C virus (HCV) or history of hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: In our study, most of the patients (>50%) with HCC did not have underlying liver cirrhosis. In the cirrhotic patients, hepatitis B infection was the most common predisposing factor, followed by hepatitis B infection concomitant with alcoholism, alcoholism alone and Wilson disease. In the remaining cirrhotic patients, we could not find any predisposing factor for cirrhosis. Infection with HCV was not found in our studied group. We concluded that etiology of HCC in our province is different from that in the western countries.
Cerebral aspergillus infection in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction therapy
Authors: Prakash Gaurav , Thulkar Sanjay , Arava Sudheer Kumar , Bakhshi Sameer
Published: February 2013

Angioinvasive pulmonary infection from filamentous fungi is not an uncommon occurrence in immunocompromised patients like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Rarely, these lesions can spread via the hematogenous route and involve multiple visceral organs. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy with ALL who developed angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis early in the course of induction therapy, which was followed by hematogenous dissemination and formation of multiple brain abscesses. The patient was treated with intravenous amphotericin B. There was no response to the therapy and the patient succumbed to disseminated infection. Postmortem lung biopsy confirmed angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Poor penetration of amphotericin B across the blood-brain barrier could be one of the contributory factors for poor response to antifungal therapy. We discuss the various antifungal agents with respect to their penetration in brain.
ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and CK5 in Early and Late Relapsing Breast Cancer—Reduced CK5 Expression in Metastases
Authors: Joensuu Kristiina , Leidenius Marjut , Kero Mia , Andersson Leif C. , Horwitz Kathryn B. , Heikkilä Päivi
Published: February 2013

Breast cancer can recur even decades after the primary therapy. Markers are needed to predict cancer progression and the risk of late recurrence. The estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), proliferation marker Ki-67, and cytokeratin CK5 were studied to find out whether their expression or occurrence in subgroups of breast cancers correlated with the time of recurrence. The expression of HER2, ER, PR, Ki-67, and CK5 was studied by IHC in 72 primary breast cancers and their corresponding recurrent/metastatic lesions. The patients were divided into three groups according to the time of the recurrence/metastasis: before two years, after 5 years, and after 10 years. Based on their IHC profiles, the tumors were divided into surrogates of the genetically defined subgroups of breast cancers and the subtype definitions were as follows: luminal A (ER or PR+HER2–), luminal B (ER or PR+HER2+), HER2 overexpressing (ER–PR–HER2+), triple-negative (ER–PR–HER2–), basal-like (ER–PR–HER2–CK5+), non-classified (ER–PR–HER2–CK5–) and luminobasal (ER or PR+CK5+). In multivariate analysis, tumor size and HER2 positivity were a significant risk of early cancer relapse. The metastases showed a significantly lower CK5 expression. CK5 positivity distinguished triple negative tumors into rapidly and slowly recurring cancers. The IHC subtype ER or PR+HER2– luminal A presented a significantly lower risk of early tumor recurrence. Ki-67 expression denoted early-relapsing tumors and correlated linearly with tumor progression, since Ki-67 positivity declined gradually from early-relapsing toward late-recurring cancers.
The Granular Nature of the Great Export Collapse in German Manufacturing Industries, 2008/2009
Authors: Wagner Joachim
Published: February 2013

This paper uses comprehensive high-quality panel data from official statistics for exporting enterprises to investigate the micro-structure of the recent export collapse in manufacturing industries in Germany during the crisis of 2008/2009. Almost all of the decline in exports was due to negative changes of exports in firms that continue to export (i.e. at the so-called intensive margin) while the decrease of exports due to export stoppers (at the so-called extensive margin) was tiny. It is shown that idiosyncratic shocks to very large firms played a decisive role in shaping the export collapse.
Predicting the denitrification capacity of sandy aquifers from shorter-term incubation experiments and sediment properties
Authors: Eschenbach W. , Well R.
Published: February 2013

Abstract. Knowledge about the spatial variability of denitrification rates and the lifetime of denitrification in nitrate-contaminated aquifers is crucial to predict the development of groundwater quality. Therefore, regression models were derived to estimate the measured cumulative denitrification of aquifer sediments after one year of incubation from initial denitrification rates and several sediment parameters, namely total sulphur, total organic carbon, extractable sulphate, extractable dissolved organic carbon, hot water soluble organic carbon and potassium permanganate labile organic carbon. For this purpose, we incubated aquifer material from two sandy Pleistocene aquifers in Northern Germany under anaerobic conditions in the laboratory using the 15N tracer technique. The measured amount of denitrification ranged from 0.19 to 56.2 mg N kg−1 yr−1. The laboratory incubations exhibited high differences between non-sulphidic and sulphidic aquifer material in both aquifers with respect to all investigated sediment parameters. Denitrification rates and the estimated lifetime of denitrification were higher in the sulphidic samples. For these samples, the cumulative denitrification measured during one year of incubation (Dcum(365)) exhibited distinct linear regressions with the stock of reduced compounds in the investigated aquifer samples. Dcum(365) was predictable from sediment variables within a range of uncertainty of 0.5 to 2 (calculated Dcum(365)/measured Dcum(365)) for aquifer material with a Dcum(365) > 20 mg N kg−1 yr−1. Predictions were poor for samples with lower Dcum(365), such as samples from the NO3− bearing groundwater zone, which includes the non-sulphidic samples, from the upper part of both aquifers where denitrification is not sufficient to protect groundwater from anthropogenic NO3− input. Calculation of Dcum(365) from initial denitrification rates was only successful for samples from the NO3−-bearing zone, whereas a lag-phase of denitrification in samples from deeper zones of NO3− free groundwater caused imprecise predictions. In our study, Dcum(365) of two sandy Pleistocene aquifers was predictable using a combination of short-term incubations and analysis of sediment parameters. Moreover, the protective lifetime of denitrification sufficient to remove NO3− from groundwater in the investigated aquifers is limited, which demonstrates the need to minimise anthropogenic NO3− input.
Natural and Fukushima-derived radioactivity in macroalgae and mussels along the Japanese shoreline
Authors: Baumann Z. , Casacuberta N. , Baumann H. , Masqué P. , Fisher N. S.
Published: February 2013

Abstract. Following the failure of the nuclear power plant in Fukushima Prefecture in March 2011, peer-reviewed publications describing radioactivity levels in organisms inhabiting coastal environments are scarce. This paper reports on elevated levels of 134Cs and 137Cs in macroalgae and mussels (up to ~ 800 Bq kg−1 dry wt.) in June 2011. Cs concentrations in biota sampled in early June 2011 were higher in areas south of Fukushima than sampled in the last third of the month north of Fukushima. Radioactivity from 134+137Cs in organisms south of Fukushima were comparable to or lower than that from the naturally occuring 40K in the same samples. While 210Pb and 210Po concentrations were generally lower than these other radionuclides, 210Po as an α-emitter is more significant from a radiological viewpoint than γ-emitters as it can inflict greater biological damage. By applying known bioconcentration factors of Cs in biota, measured biota concentrations of Cs were also used to estimate Cs concentraitons in coastal seawater to be in the range of 102–103 Bq m−3. These estimates show that 3 months after the accident and maximal release of radioactive Cs, levels of Cs persisted in coastal waters, although at levels that were two orders of magnitude lower than at the time of release. These June coastal seawater Cs levels were four orders of magnitude above Cs concentrations off Japan prior to the Fukushima disaster.
Thermostable Alkaline Phytase fromAlcaligenessp. in Improving Bioavailability of Phosphorus in Animal Feed:In VitroAnalysis
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Ponnuswamy , Primiya R. Raja , Prakash Vincent Samuel Gnana
Published: February 2013

A bacterial isolate,Alcaligenessp. secreting phytase (EC 3.1.3.8), was isolated and characterized. The optimum conditions for the production of phytase included a fermentation period of 96 h, pH 8.0, and the addition of 1% (w/v) maltose and 1% (w/v) beef extract to the culture medium. This enzyme was purified to homogeneity and had an apparent molecular mass of 41 kDa. The optimum pH range and temperature for the activity of phytase were found to be 7.0-8.0 and 60°C, respectively. This enzyme was strongly inhibited by 0.005 M of Mn2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+.In vitrostudies revealed that the phytase fromAlcaligenessp. released inorganic phosphate from plant phytates. Phytase released 1930 ± 28, 1740 ± 13, 1050 ± 31, 845 ± 7, 1935 ± 32, and 1655 ± 21 mg inorganic phosphate/kg plant phytates, namely, chick pea, corn, green pea, groundnut, pearl pea, and chick feed, respectively.
The Story of Colonialism, or Rethinking the Ox-Hide Purchase in Native North America and Beyond
Authors: Jackson Jason Baird
Published: February 2013

In this paper I offer a comparative assessment of the ox-hide purchase narrative (tale type AT 2400, ATU 927C*; Motif K185.1) in Native North America. Drawing on my own fieldwork and the beginnings of a historic-geographic treatment, I consider the story from the perspective of work on historical consciousness in Native North America and treat it as an opportunity to establish a link between folkloristics and other fields concerned with interpreting the legacies of colonialism.
The Contribution of the Italian National Bibliographic Agency to the Development of Tools for Subject Indexing
Authors: Lucarelli Anna , Paradisi Federica
Published: February 2013

National bibliographic agencies can play a crucial role in the creation of standards and tools for the recording of and access to resources and bibliographic information, and contribute to their development and continual maintenance. The National Central Library of Florence has recently created a new system of indexing which is intended to be used by all Italian libraries. The new system is designed to represent a real renovation and re-foundation of subject indexing in light of modern principles and standards. This paper deals with the contribution offered by the Italian National Bibliographic Agency (which edits and publishes the Italian National Bibliography) in the creation, development, and maintenance of the new indexing system through the skills and knowledge which were gained by the actual application of this everyday tool.
Strategic Plans and National Libraries: Planning within a Changing Context
Authors: McInnes Sally
Published: February 2013

This article examines the relationships between strategic planning, national libraries and changing contexts. It does this by surveying the experiences of 14 national libraries in developing and using strategic planning and identifies key factors which enable sustainable strategic planning within a changing context. It proposes an approach to strategic planning based upon the five Is model: impact, inclusiveness, integration, innovation and imagination and suggests how this model could be embedded into organizational cultures. The research has four principal conclusions: that the challenges to libraries posed by the digital revolution are too complex to be faced in isolation and that collaboration within and without the sector is essential; that engagement, with new technologies, ways of presenting information and stakeholders is necessary; that innovation and learning must be embedded into organizational cultures and that organizations should be led by committed, engaged and motivated leadership. These key issues are necessary to enable libraries to be able to adapt, facilitate and manage change and to ensure continuing visibility and relevance in a changing world.
Effective Implementation of a Practical SVC in Power Engineering Education
Authors: Al-Turki Yusuf A. , Al-Ghamdi Saeed A.
Published: February 2013

A practical static VAR compensator (SVC) model is presented as an integral part of the power systems laboratory. The aim is to demonstrate SVC contribution to power system operation and control. The experiments include single-phase as well as three-phase systems.
Some Novel Rectifier Configurations for Reducing Input Current Distortion
Authors: He Dan , Dai Xianzhong , Xu Yirong
Published: February 2013

This paper presents some novel single-phase diode bridge rectifier configurations which can significantly reduce harmonic currents in supply lines based on harmonic injecting and counteracting method5, the principle of which is to reverse a second harmonic current every other cycle and reinject it into utility source to counteract harmonic currents.
Software Simulation Techniques for Teaching Communication Systems
Authors: Ghassemlooy Z. , Saatchi R.
Published: February 2013

Computer simulations are often an attractive alternative to experimental work carried out to reinforce theoretical concepts learnt in lectures. In this article MATLAB is used to demonstrate the ease with which many communication systems can be simulated and their behaviour analysed. To illustrate this, the essential codes for the MATLAB simulations are provided, together with sample results for both analogue and pulse modulation schemes.
An Expert System Root Locus Plotter
Authors: Blakley J. J.
Published: February 2013

This paper describes an expert system aid for the teaching of the root locus method. In the expert system root locus plotter described, rather than use conventional root finding algorithms, traditional sketching rules and developed equations for locus branches off the real axis in the s-plane are embodied within an expert system in its knowledge base.
Tailoring Simulations for Teaching and Learning: The Potential of the MultiVerse Environment
Authors: Thomas Ruth , Close Alex , McAndrew Patrick
Published: February 2013

This paper examines the process of extending the use of simulations in education from the lecture theatre and laboratory into on-line learning. The MultiVerse Environment, designed to facilitate this process, is described. An exemplar simulation called Phasor is used to demonstrate how the non-programmer can tailor simulations as an on-line resource.
A Digital Engineering Curriculum for the New Millennium
Authors: Walczowski L. T. , Dimond K. R. , Waller W. A. J.
Published: February 2013

This paper examines the development of a digital engineering curriculum, which closely integrates EDA tools and multimedia courseware into the syllabus. It describes the software that has been integrated, including tools for schematic capture, logic simulation, VLSI design and high-level simulation and highlights the advantages of closely integrating computer-based teaching with conventional lecture-based material.
Developing Tacit and Codified Knowledge and Subject Culture within a Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Stiles M. J.
Published: February 2013

Creation of study environments (COSE) is a virtual learning environment system designed to facilitate active and collaborative learning. Designed to support distributed learning rather than as an instructional system, it provides a variety of learner support including specific tutor guidance and use of e-mail for peer and tutor discussions. This paper explores how the COSE system takes into account the relationship between the development of tacit and codified knowledge and the need for context in which learning takes place.
Developments in On-Line Assessment — Experiences and Evaluation of Using TRIADS and its Potential for Assessment in Electrical Engineering
Authors: Boyle Alan P. , Edwards Dee J. , MacKenzie Don M. , Mills Barry , O'Hare Dave , Morris Elizabeth C. , Paul Christopher R. C. , Wilkins Helen , Williams Dave W.
Published: February 2013

The TRIADS engine is a powerful set of Authorware Professional™ routines, which allow rapid and easy production of multimedia computer-delivered assessments through the use of question templates and proformas. TRIADS is currently being evaluated at 25 UK Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in 18 disciplines. Its potential use in electrical engineering is discussed.
Re-Engineering the Practical Laboratory Session
Authors: Sehati Sepe
Published: February 2013

This paper discusses how advanced programmable logic devices and development tools can benefit the running of digital laboratory sessions. Two cost-effective and easy to use units based around the technology of in-system programmability are presented. The first unit is used for demonstration purposes and the second unit for laboratory work.
A Modular Approach to the Design and Simulation of Digital Communication Systems
Authors: Soyjaudah K. M. S. , Jahmeerbacus M. I.
Published: February 2013

This paper describes an innovative approach for presenting the design and simulation of digital communication systems in a communication engineering course. Such a scheme enables students to design and implement specific parts of communication systems through group projects. This improves students' interest in the subject by addressing practical design issues from the material discussed in class.
Identifying the Sampling Window for Filters Designed in the z-plane
Authors: Oliver M. A. , Forsythe W.
Published: February 2013

The sampling frequency f s selected for a digital filter should not be either too low or too high, and the region between these extremes, within which f s could be expected to lie, is termed ‘the sampling window’. This paper demonstrates how to identify the sampling window for filters designed directly in the discrete domain.
Monte Carlo Analysis of a Transposed Overhead Line
Authors: Indulkar C. S.
Published: February 2013

In this paper the Monte Carlo simulation method is introduced for evaluating the receiving-end voltage and powers for changes in parameters of a transmission line, such as length, spacing, height and frequency for given sending-end voltage and powers.
Use of a Case Study Approach to Teach Engineering Technology Students
Authors: Anwar Sohail , Ford Paula
Published: February 2013

This paper describes a case study-based instructional approach used to teach baccalaureate degree electro-mechanical engineering technology (BSEMET) students. The need for an instructional model based on engineering case studies and the development and implementation of this model in selected BSEMET courses are described. Examples of engineering case studies used in these courses are presented. The results of implementation of a case study-based instructional model are described.
High-Quality Video Delivery over Local Area Networks with Application to Teaching at a Distance
Authors: Jesshope Chris R. , Liu Yong Qiu
Published: February 2013

Multimedia communication over networks is important in distance learning, computer-based multimedia and telecommunications. The quality of the video stream, the throughput of the communication and the time delay of the delivery must be considered. This paper describes some experimental work undertaken to optimise the issues that influence data loss and hence image quality, and transfer delay in MPEG video streams transferred over Local Area Networks (LAN).
Pulse-Width Modulated d.c.-d.c. Converters
Authors: Fuad Y. , de Koning W. L. , van der Woude J. W.
Published: February 2013

In this paper, we review the theory of pulse-width modulated d.c.-d.c. converters for the standard Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost, and Ćuk converters. A number of aspects concerning PWM d.c.-d.c. converters will be highlighted. Simulations will be presented in the open- and closed-loop situation. The closed-loop simulations demonstrate that a stable state-space averaged steady-state does not always imply a stable PWM system. In this paper educational aspects play an important role.
A Re-Engineered Modelling and Simulation Environment for Teaching Generalised Machines Theory
Authors: Levin Ashley , Clark Alan , Landy Charles
Published: February 2013

CASED, a drive simulation tool, is re-engineered to allow non-specialist users to model and analyse complex drive systems. The shortfalls of the CASED system are overcome by re-engineering it to resemble the machines and drives domain with the use of visual interactive modelling while retaining the inherent strengths of the CASED simulation engine. Visual CASED's ease of use has been demonstrated through its use as a teaching aid for a Generalised Machines course at the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand. As an example of its use, the transient effects of a resistance starter on a 75 kW wound-rotor induction motor driving a conveyer load are investigated.
Circuit Applications of ‘Dunn's Rule’
Authors: Medcalf Gordon E.
Published: February 2013

A simple algebraic rule can often be used as an alternative to the application of differential calculus when seeking or demonstrating the occurrence of maximum or minimum conditions in a circuit or system (e.g. the conditions for maximum power transfer). Teaching experience has proved the rule to be especially effective and convenient when teaching introductory electronics courses to technician students.
A Polarity for Flux-Linkage
Authors: Fiennes J. , de Souza C. R.
Published: February 2013

Flux-linkage l is effectively an incompletely defined variable, defined with respect to magnitude but not with respect to polarity. The paper proposes a polarity convention for flux-linkage l, enabling the sign of the induced voltage u to be determined without resorting to ‘physical considerations’.
A Learning Network for the Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Dyson Clive M.
Published: February 2013

Demand for skilled staff is one of the factors limiting growth in both the design and the manufacture of integrated circuits and other semiconductor devices. This paper describes how the semiconductor industry in the UK has been collaborating with further education colleges, universities, regional development agencies, and educational and funding bodies to build a Learning Network capable of developing the required skills. Issues that still need to be addressed, from an industrial perspective, are discussed together with some potential solutions.
On Motor Velocity Control by Using Only Position Measurements: Two Case Studies
Authors: Moreno Javier , Kelly Rafael
Published: February 2013

Velocity control by using only position measurements consists of finding a control algorithm that reconstructs the motor shaft velocity from the position measurements of the shaft encoder. The aim of this paper is to present the problem of velocity control in a linear description of a motor as paradigm in the application of the basic concepts of an introductory course in control systems; namely, transfer function, characteristic equation, stability, and Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Experiments have been carried out on a motor illustrating the performance of the velocity control algorithms discussed in this paper.
Experiences of Using Student Workbooks for Formative and Summative Assessment
Authors: Wellington S. J. , Collier R. E.
Published: February 2013

In response to poor student attainment rates, the teaching, learning and assessment strategy of a Level 1 circuit theory unit has been revised to emphasise the importance of regular attendance at teaching sessions, and also to provide regular formative feedback. As part of the assessment scheme a tutorial workbook has been used for both formative and summative assessment. The workbook is assessed regularly during scheduled teaching sessions. The use of objective questions has reduced the time taken to assess the work, while the regular assessments help with student motivation, provide formative feedback, and help students to structure and pace their learning.
Developing a Strategy for Student Retention
Authors: Tomkinson Bland , Warner Rosemary , Renfrew Alasdair
Published: February 2013

Attracting and retaining high-calibre students in science and engineering is becoming more difficult. At the same time, we are urged by the UK Government to recruit from a wider pool. This has necessitated a review of how we go about recruiting and retaining our students. This paper sets out some of our underpinning ideas.

Student retention needs can be focussed on a number of stages. First, school-level motivation, starting at secondary, and probably even primary school level. Second, recruitment of students of the appropriate calibre, motivation and experience. Third, student induction, including an overview of subject and programme. Fourth, ongoing student support.
Electronically Tracking and Supporting Students at Risk
Authors: Middleton Walter
Published: February 2013

The University of Sunderland is aware of the effects of wastage on completion and progression rates in engineering and computing programmes. The paper reports on the background to the problem and a project called ‘Pass-Rate’ (funded via the HEFCE 'Innovations' initiative) aimed at minimising wastage.
Teaching Electrical Engineering Using Maple
Authors: Røyrvik Ola
Published: February 2013

Many electrical engineering (EE) students have difficulty in learning technical subjects because they lack sufficient competence in mathematical modeling and in algebra. Maple is a powerful program for doing symbolic algebra, numerical calculation, and plotting of graphs, so using this program allows students to spend more time on modeling and interpreting results. Maple also has a text editor, which makes it feasible to require students to explain their results in writing. The design of Maple documents suitable for EE teaching is discussed; a standard format, including bibliographical information, is recommended for easier use.
Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic in Electrical Engineering Control Courses
Authors: Jurado Francisco , Caño Antonio , Ortega Manuel
Published: February 2013

Control system education must include experimental exercises that complement the theory presented in lectures. These exercises include modelling, analysis and design of a control system. Key concepts and techniques in the area of intelligent systems and control have been discovered and developed over the past few decades. While some of these methods have significant benefits to offer, engineers are often reluctant to utilise new intelligent control techniques, for several reasons. In this paper fuzzy logic controllers have been developed using speed and mechanical power deviations, and a neural network has been designed to tune the gains of the fuzzy logic controllers. Student feedback indicates that theoretical developments in lectures on control systems were only appreciated after the laboratory exercises.
A Practical Approach to Teaching Power System Transients in the Electrical Engineering Curriculum
Authors: Singh S. N.
Published: February 2013

Power system transients, which are always present in a system due to switching in the presence of inductance and capacitance, are unwanted things. They are an ignored topic in the electrical engineering curriculum of many institutes. This paper presents our new attempt to teach electric power system transients for graduate students of the Electric Power System Management Energy Program at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand.
A Picocontroller Training Simulator in a Web Page
Authors: Collier M.
Published: February 2013

A software simulator hosted in a Web page is described, and the evaluation of its effectiveness by students of the National University of Science and Technology in Zimbabwe is discussed. The processor which is simulated is the PIC16F84 picocontroller, and the screen display shows the source program, RAM locations and Special Function Registers. To minimise the size of the package, the functionality has been reduced so that it only displays a set of sample programs representing a number of key techniques in the programming of the device. Users can step through programs observing the memory changes to facilitate an understanding of the operations.
Thevenin and Norton's Theorems: Powerful Pedagogical Tools for Treating Special Cases of Electric Circuits
Authors: Chatzarakis George E. , Tortoreli Marina D. , Tziolas Anastasios D.
Published: February 2013

The importance of Thevenin's and Norton's theorems when dealing with special cases of electric circuits is demonstrated. These cases have typically been dealt with in difficult and non-systematic ways and as a result, pedagogical effectiveness is minimised and students are reluctant to tackle them. These theorems are powerful pedagogical tools for the solution of many problems in circuit analysis.
Teaching to Undergraduates the Optimum Power Transfer to a Load under Constraints
Authors: Chatzarakis George E. , Tortoreli Marina D. , Cottis Panayiotis G.
Published: February 2013

This paper deals with the optimum power transfer to a load under constraints using a mathematical simulation model. The algorithm is given in flowchart form to aid the educational process. A numerical example is also provided.
Environmental Test Chamber for the Support of Learning and Teaching in Intelligent Control
Authors: Taylor C. James
Published: February 2013

The paper describes the utility of a low cost, 1 m2 by 2m forced ventilation, micro-climate test chamber, for the support of research and teaching in mechatronics. Initially developed for the evaluation of a new ventilation rate controller, the fully instrumented chamber now provides numerous learning opportunities and individual projects for both undergraduate and postgraduate research students.
An Intuitive Visual Surface-Based Aid to the Design and Analysis of Controller Transformations
Authors: Winsby A. J. , Burge S. E. , Widden M. B.
Published: February 2013

The design and analysis of Proportional + Integral + Derivative type controllers based upon both classical and modern control methods presents many challenges to the practising and student control engineer. This paper addresses the problem by proposing the concept of the controller-surface as an intuitive visual aid to controller design.
Schemebuilder: Cross-Domain Modelling Example
Authors: Nagy Zoltan , Porter Ian , Bradshaw Alan
Published: February 2013

This paper describes a new Schemebuilder library developed for educational usage. Each component in the library has a simple model based on standard Bond Graph definitions, and Schemebuilder provides a higher level of interaction in which to use these models. The paper begins with a general overview of the Schemebuilder tool; a cross-domain example is then presented, followed by a discussion of the potential of Schemebuilder in teaching.
Phase Locked System Design and Measurement Tutorial Consisting of Physical Hardware and Co-Simulation Environment
Authors: Burbidge Martin John
Published: February 2013

Phase locked loop based feedback techniques are used in a variety of system level timing, control and communication applications. Re-configurable hardware and associated simulation models have been developed with an emphasis towards teaching the fundamentals of phase locked loop systems. The material is hardware focussed and reinforces control system theory, characterisation, design, and modelling. The simulation part of the material can be used in an Internet based teaching environment.
Development of an XML-Based Lab for Remote Control Experiments on a Servo Motor
Authors: Pastor R. , Martín C. , Sánchez J. , Dormido S.
Published: February 2013

In this paper, an XML-based framework, known as RELATED, is used to build a remote lab for providing experience of control engineering on a servo motor using components distributed across the Internet. This new approach allows different groups to share their hardware and software resources and to facilitate the creation of networks of virtual/remote laboratories.
Aiding Student Conceptualisation of the Mobile Channel and the Operation of a RAKE Receiver Using a Project Developed in SIMULINK®
Authors: Coulton Paul , Khirallah Chadi , Edwards Reuben
Published: February 2013

This paper presents a project to aid student conceptualisation of the complex theories that characterise the mobile channel and the operation of a Rake receiver. We show, through student feedback and performance, that these complex systems can be presented in a challenging and stimulating way to maximise the learning experience.
Curriculum Design to Revitalise Electrical Engineering Education at Eastern Mediterranean University
Authors: Erdil Erzat , Bilsel Ayhan
Published: February 2013

Engineers of the 21st century are expected not only to be technical experts but also to integrate science and technology into society as a whole. We have compared the electrical engineering programmes of 24 Turkish and 87 North American universities with the revised electrical engineering programme of Eastern Mediterranean University.
Using Electrical Principles to Model the Ear
Authors: Norian K. H.
Published: February 2013

The paper illustrates the use of electrical principles in modeling biological processes for lectures suitable for bioelectrical engineering courses. The concepts of the difference equation, transfer function, amplitude spectrum, sampling theorem and Nyquist frequency are used to describe the extraction of an acoustic cue by the auditory cortex.
A Direct Method to Compute Eigenvectors
Authors: Tan Eng Chong
Published: February 2013

The paper proposes a direct method to compute eigenvectors from a given square matrix and its eigenvalues, without having to solve any algebraic equations.
Insertion Loss Synthesis of Band-Pass Filters with Equal Terminations
Authors: Roy S. C. Dutta , Sanyal Shomy
Published: February 2013

While illustrating insertion loss synthesis with equal terminations, textbooks usually cite the example of a low-pass filter with all transmission zeros at infinity, or that of a high-pass filter with all transmission zeros at the origin. The problem that arises in realizing an equally terminated band-pass filter, with transmission zeros at infinity as well as at the origin, has been highlighted in this paper, along with its solution.
Teaching Computer Hardware and Organisation Using PIC-Based Projects
Authors: Sarkar Nurul I. , Craig Trevor M.
Published: February 2013

It can be difficult to motivate students to learn about computer hardware because students find the subject rather dry and theoretical. We have prepared a series of interesting projects that give students a hands-on introduction to computer hardware and organisation. Our projects, designed around the PIC16F84, a powerful 8-bit microcontroller chip that sells for less than $10, are suitable for classroom use in introductory-level courses about computer hardware. Their effectiveness has been evaluated both formally by students and informally through discussion within the teaching team. Feedback from students indicates that both development and implementation were successful. This paper describes the projects completed to date, their overall effectiveness and our plans for further projects.
The Magnetokinematical Effect
Authors: Leus Vladimir A. , Zatolokin Vladislav N.
Published: February 2013

A new aspect of the classical concept of macroscopic magnetism is considered. The notion ‘electrokinematics’ was used by James Clerk Maxwell but, by contrast, until recently the complementary term ‘magnetokinematics’ has been out of use. An empirical proof of the existence of an unknown magnetokinematical effect is given.
On the Dimensions and Interpretation of Impulse Response
Authors: Glover I. A. , Sengupta N.
Published: February 2013

A difficulty that electronic and electrical engineering students traditionally have in reconciling taught material covering convolution and impulse responses revolves, at least partly, around the problem of dimensions or units. It is suggested that confusion can be minimised, or avoided, by making explicit reference to the units that an impulse response takes in the context of an electronic or electrical system and explaining the origin of these units physically.
Transformer Equivalent Circuit from Field Measurements
Authors: Indulkar C. S. , Ramalingam K.
Published: February 2013

In this paper, transformer equivalent circuit parameters are obtained using the Newton-Raphson method and field measurements at the two ends of the transformer. This may become necessary if a new or rewound transformer replaces an existing transformer during maintenance and the parameters of the new or rewound transformer have to be determined.
A Comparative Study of Electric Fields beneath Compact and Non-Compact Transmission Lines
Authors: Dahab A. A. , Abu-Elhaija W. S. , Amoura F. K.
Published: February 2013

This paper presents the charge simulation method (CSM) with complex charges for the computation of electric field distribution under Extra High Voltage (EHV) transmission lines (conventional and compact). Electric field at ground level is becoming one of the most important factors for proper design and safe operation of EHV lines because of its biological effects. The ground is taken into account by the method of images. A single tower transmission line carrying a single circuit with six different configurations is studied and analysed. All the cases have the same degree of compaction (i.e. the ratio of line-to-line voltage/space between the two phases is constant) for the purpose of comparison. It is found that the electric field is reduced by 30–70% for some of the compact designs compared with conventional ones.
Laboratory Experiments for Electrical Insulation Courses Using a New High-Voltage Cell
Authors: Aras Faruk , Keleş Kenan
Published: February 2013

The objective of the study is to introduce the use of a computer-aided designed high-voltage cell for teaching electrical insulation. The cell allows students to make real applications in high voltage (HV) topics taught in a single-semester course for senior undergraduate students. The system is constituted of two main parts. The first part is a metal cell which consists of a 220 V/0-100 kV HV transformer, a variable transformer driven by an a.c. motor and a motor driver. The second part is a hand-made electrode system made of tempered glass. The system was controlled manually or automatically using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), an operation panel and a computer. In experiments, polyester films are used at various thicknesses as a solid insulation, and transformer oil is also used as a liquid insulation. Each student measures the breakdown voltages under various conditions for solid and liquid insulation using this system. Dielectric strength and ageing of the insulation were determined by computing the mean of the data obtained by each group of students from the experiments. The results and educational benefits are also presented in this paper.