bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring reward-related attention selectivity deficits in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pilgrim Matthew J. D. , Ou Zhen-Yi Andy , Sharp Madeleine
Published: September 2021

An important aspect of managing a limited cognitive resource like attention is to use the reward value of stimuli to prioritize the allocation of attention to higher-value over lower-value stimuli. Recent evidence suggests this depends on dopaminergic signaling of reward. In Parkinson’s disease, both reward sensitivity and attention are impaired, but whether these deficits are directly related to one another is unknown. We tested whether Parkinson’s patients use reward information when automatically allocating their attention and whether this is modulated by dopamine replacement. We compared patients, tested both ON and OFF dopamine replacement medication, to older controls using a standard attention capture task. First, participants learned the different reward values of stimuli. Then, these reward-associated stimuli were used as distractors in a visual search task. We found that patients were generally distracted by the presence of the distractors but that the degree of distraction caused by the high-value and low-value distractors was similar. Furthermore, we found no evidence to support the possibility that dopamine replacement modulates the effect of reward on automatic attention allocation. Our results suggest a possible inability in Parkinson’s patients to use the reward value of stimuli when automatically allocating their attention, and raise the possibility that reward-driven allocation of resources may affect the adaptive modulation of other cognitive processes.
A direct aircraft observation of helical rolls in the tropical cyclone boundary layer
Authors: Tang Jie , Zhang Jun A. , Chan Pakwai , Hon Kaikwong , Lei Xiaotu , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2021

Helical rolls are known to play a significant role in modulating both the mean and turbulence structure of the atmospheric boundary layer in tropical cyclones. However, in-situ measurements of these rolls have been limited due to safety restrictions. This study presents analyses of data collected by an aircraft operated by the Hong Kong Observatory in Typhoon Kalmaegi (1415) and Typhoon Nida (1604). Examination of the flight-level data at ~ 600 m altitude confirmed the existence of sub-kilometer-scale rolls. These rolls were mostly observed in the outer-core region. Turbulent momentum fluxes were computed using the eddy correlation method. The averaged momentum flux of flight legs with rolls was found to be ~ 2.5 times that of legs without rolls at a similar wind speed range. This result suggests that rolls could significantly modulate turbulent transfer in the tropical cyclone boundary layer. This roll effect on turbulent fluxes should be considered in the planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes of numerical models simulating and forecasting tropical cyclones.
Soft threshold partial least squares predicts the survival fraction of malignant glioma cells against different concentrations of methotrexate’s derivatives
Authors: Mehmood Tahir , Iqbal Mudassir
Published: September 2021

Chemotherapy appeared to be a significant advancement in cancer research, with fewer side effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used anticancer drug with strong activity but serious side effects. Several MTX derivatives have been reported, with modifications at various sites to reduce side effects and increase efficacy. The current study uses FTIR spectroscopy to predict the survival fraction of human malignant glioma U87 (MG-U87) cell lines against MTX derivatives. Together with Parent MTX several aldehydes viz. Benzaldehyde, Chlorobenzaldehyde, 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde, 3-Nitrobenzaldehyde, 5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenz-aldehyde, 2-Hydroxy-5-Nitrobenzaldehyde, 2-Thiocarboxyaldehyde, Trans-2-pentenal, and Glutaraldehyde are treated with MTX to obtain MTX derivatives. The prediction of survival fraction of malignant glioma cells is carried out by Lasso, Elastic net and Soft PLS at different concentration levels of synthesized derivatives, including 400 μM, 200 μM, 100 μM, 50 μM, 25 μM and 12.5 μM. The cross-validated prediction error is minimised to optimise spectral wavelength selection and model parameters. It appears that the RMSE computed from test data is significantly varying with the change of models (p = 0.012), with the change of concentrations levels (p $$\le 0.001$$≤0.001) and with the change of combination of models and concentration level (p$$\le 0.001$$≤0.001). StPLS outperforms in predicting survival fraction of glioma cells at the concentration level 50 μM, 100 μM and 400 μM respectively with relative RMSE = 0.1,0.14 and 0.55. Lasso outperforms at the concentration level 12.5 μM, and 200 μM respectively with relative RMSE = 0.4 and 0.14. Elastic net outperforms at the concentration level 25 μM with relative RMSE = 0.8. Consistently appeared influential wavelength identifies the influential functional compounds which best predicts the survival fraction. Hence FTIR appears potential candidate for estimating survival fraction of MTX derivatives.
A new carboxypeptidase from Aspergillus niger with good thermostability, pH stability and broad substrate specificity
Authors: Song Peng , Xu Wei , Zhang Yang , Wang Fei , Zhou Xiuling , Shi Haiying , Feng Wei
Published: September 2021

A new serine carboxypeptidase gene, capA, was identified in Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88 by reading genomic information and performing sequence alignment, and the gene was cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. In a shake flask, the enzyme activity of the recombinant strain GS115 (pPIC9K-capA) reached 209.3 U mg−1. The optimal temperature and pH for enzyme activity were determined to be 45 °C and 6.0, respectively. After incubation at 40–50 °C or at pH 4.0–8.0 for 1 h, the enzyme retained more than 80% or 60% of its initial activity. The presence of 1–10 mmol L−1 Mg2+ enhanced the activity of CapA, whereas 1–10 mmol L−1 Cu2+, Fe2+, or Co2+, 10 mmol L−1 Mn2+, or 1–10 mmol L−1 phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) significantly inhibited its activity. CapA had a broad substrate specificity and preferred the hydrophobic amino acids Leu and Lys at the C terminus of proteins, and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-leucine (Cbz-Phe-Leu) was the optimal substrate, for which CapA exhibited Km 0.063 mmol L−1 and kcat/Km 186.35 mmol L−1 s−1. The good thermostability, pH stability and hydrolysis characteristics of CapA provide a solid foundation for application in the food and biotechnology fields.
From data to complex network control of airline flight delays
Authors: Niu Xiang , Jiang Chunheng , Gao Jianxi , Korniss Gyorgy , Szymanski Boleslaw K.
Published: September 2021

Many critical complex systems and networks are continuously monitored, creating vast volumes of data describing their dynamics. To understand and optimize their performance, we need to discover and formalize their dynamics to enable their control. Here, we introduce a multidisciplinary framework using network science and control theory to accomplish these goals. We demonstrate its use on a meaningful example of a complex network of U.S. domestic passenger airlines aiming to control flight delays. Using the real data on such delays, we build a flight delay network for each airline. Analyzing these networks, we uncover and formalize their dynamics. We use this formalization to design the optimal control for the flight delay networks. The results of applying this control to the ground truth data on flight delays demonstrate the low costs of the optimal control and significant reduction of delay times, while the costs of the delays unabated by control are high. Thus, the introduced here framework benefits the passengers, the airline companies and the airports.
Characterization of SSBP1-related optic atrophy and foveopathy
Authors: Meunier Isabelle , Bocquet Béatrice , Defoort-Dhellemmes Sabine , Smirnov Vasily , Arndt Carl , Picot Marie Christine , Dollfus Hélène , Charif Majida , Audo Isabelle , Huguet Hélèna , Zanlonghi Xavier , Lenaers Guy
Published: September 2021

Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is genetically heterogeneous and most commonly caused by mutations in OPA1. To distinguish between the classical OPA1-related and the recently identified SSBP1-related DOAs, the retina and fovea of 27 patients carrying the SSBP1 p.Arg38Gln variant were scrutinized using 20° × 20° macular cube and 30° and 55° field fundus autofluorescence photographs. Age of onset, visual acuity, retinal nerve fiber layer and macular thicknesses were recorded. Three SSBP1-patients were asymptomatic, 10 had isolated DOA, and 12 had a combined DOA plus foveopathy. The foveopathy, with a tiny defect of the ellipsoid and interdigitation lines, was similar in all patients, independent of age. There were no significant statistical differences in terms of visual acuity and SD-OCT measurements between patients with isolated DOA (mean visual acuity in decimals: 0.54 ± 0.41) and those with combined foveopathy (0.50 ± 0.23). Two patients over 50 years of age developed a progressive rod-cone dystrophy, leading to severe visual impairment. SSBP1-related DOA shares similarities with OPA1-related DOA with an incomplete penetrance and an early childhood visual impairment. Nevertheless, the presence of a congenital foveopathy with no impact on visual acuity is a major criterion to distinguish SSBP1 cases and orient the appropriate genetic analysis.
Optimal frequency for magnetic resonant wireless power transfer in conducting medium
Authors: Pham Thanh Son , Nguyen Thao Duy , Tung Bui Son , Khuyen Bui Xuan , Hoang Thu Trang , Ngo Quang Minh , Hiep Le Thi Hong , Lam Vu Dinh
Published: September 2021

In this article, we investigated the efficiency of a magnetic resonant wireless power transfer (MR-WPT) in conducting medium and found out an optimal frequency for designing the system. In conducting environment, the eddy current loss is generated by the high-frequency alternating currents in the coils. It is manifested by increased radiation resistance of resonator coil leads to decrease the quality factor (Q-factor), which reduces the wireless power transfer (WPT) efficiency in conducting medium. The Q-factor of the resonator coil strongly depending on the conductivity, frequency, and thickness of conducting block. Two MR-WPT systems operating at 10.0 MHz and 20.0 MHz are implemented to study the effect of conducting medium on efficiency. The achieved results indicated that the 20.0 MHz system has higher efficiency at a conductivity smaller than 6.0 S/m. However, at the larger conductivity, the 10.0 MHz system is more efficient. The results provide a method to determine the optimal frequency of a WPT system operating in the conducting medium with various conductivities and thickness blocks. This method can be used to design MR-WPT systems in numerous situations, such as autonomous underwater vehicles and medical implants.
Empowerment dimensions and their relationship with continuum care for maternal health in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Rushdana , Rahman Mosiur , Haque Syed Emdadul
Published: September 2021

One of the most important approaches to improving the health of mothers and newborns has been the continuum of care (CoC) for maternal health. Women's lack of empowerment may be an obstacle to accessing CoC in male-dominated societies. However, research often defines empowerment narrowly, despite the fact that multiple components of empowerment can play a role. The aim of this study was to look at the relationship between CoC for maternal health and measures of empowerment among Bangladeshi women. The data for this analysis came from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018. The research centered on a subset of 4942 married women of reproductive age who had at least one live birth in the 3 years preceding the survey. Women's empowerment was measured using SWPER Global, a validated measure of women's empowerment for low- and middle-income countries. CoC for maternal health was measured at three stages of pregnancy, pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period. To estimate adjusted odds ratios, we specified three-level logistic regression models for our three binary response variables after descriptive analysis. Just 30.5% of mothers completed all phases of the CoC (ANC 4+, SBA, and PNC). After adjusting for individual, household, and community level variables, women with high social independence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.58–2.47) had 97% more ANC 4+ visits, 176% higher retention in SBA (AOR 2.76; 95% CI 1.94–3.94), and 137% higher completion of full CoC (AOR 2.37; 95% CI 1.16–4.88) than women with low social independence. Frequency of reading newspapers or magazines, woman's education, age at first cohabitation, and age of the woman at first birth were significant predictors of CoC at all three stages, namely pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum, among the various indicators of social independence domain. Moreover, the intraclass correlation showed that about 16.20%, 8.49%, and 25.04%, of the total variation remained unexplained even after adjustments of individual, household and community level variables for models that predicted ANC 4+ visits, CoC from pregnancy to SBA, and CoC from delivery to the early postnatal period. The low completion rate of complete CoC for maternal health imply that women in Bangladesh are not getting the full health benefit from existing health services. Health promotion programs should target mothers with low levels of education, mothers who are not exposed to print media, and mothers who are younger at the time of birth and their first cohabitation to raise the rate of completing all levels of CoC for maternal health.
Sensitive and quantitative detection of cardiac troponin I with upconverting nanoparticle lateral flow test with minimized interference
Authors: Bayoumy Sherif , Martiskainen Iida , Heikkilä Taina , Rautanen Carita , Hedberg Pirjo , Hyytiä Heidi , Wittfooth Saara , Pettersson Kim
Published: September 2021

Measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) should be feasible for point-of-care testing (POCT) to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been long implemented in POCT and clinical settings. However, sensitivity, matrix effect and quantitation in lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been major limiting factors. The performance of LFIAs can be improved with upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP) reporters. Here we report a new methodological approach to quantify cTnI using UCNP-LFIA technology with minimized plasma interference. The performance of the developed UCNP-LFIA was evaluated using clinical plasma samples (n = 262). The developed UCNP-LFIA was compared to two reference assays, the Siemens Advia Centaur assay and an in-house well-based cTnI assay. By introducing an anti-IgM scrub line and dried EDTA in the LFIA strip, the detection of cTnI in plasma samples was fully recovered. The UCNP-LFIA was able to quantify cTnI concentrations in patient samples within the range of 30–10,000 ng/L. The LoB and LoD of the UCNP-LFIA were 8.4 ng/L and 30 ng/L. The method comparisons showed good correlation (Spearman’s correlation 0.956 and 0.949, p < 0.0001). The developed UCNP-LFIA had LoD suitable for ruling in AMI in patients with elevated cTnI levels and was able to quantify cTnI concentrations in patient samples. The technology has potential to provide simple and rapid assay for POCT in ED setting
Berkchaetoazaphilone B has antimicrobial activity and affects energy metabolism
Authors: Ouyang Xudong , Hoeksma Jelmer , van der Velden Gisela , Beenker Wouter A. G. , van Triest Maria H. , Burgering Boudewijn M. T. , den Hertog Jeroen
Published: September 2021

Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the major threats to human health. Therefore, there is a strong need for novel antimicrobials with new mechanisms of action. The kingdom of fungi is an excellent source of antimicrobials for this purpose because it encompasses countless fungal species that harbor unusual metabolic pathways. Previously, we have established a library of secondary metabolites from 10,207 strains of fungi. Here, we screened for antimicrobial activity of the library against seven pathogenic bacterial strains and investigated the identity of the active compounds using ethyl acetate extraction, activity-directed purification using HPLC fractionation and chemical analyses. We initially found 280 antimicrobial strains and subsequently identified 17 structurally distinct compounds from 26 strains upon further analysis. All but one of these compounds, berkchaetoazaphilone B (BAB), were known to have antimicrobial activity. Here, we studied the antimicrobial properties of BAB, and found that BAB affected energy metabolism in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. We conclude that fungi are a rich source of chemically diverse secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity.
Surface basicity mediated rapid and selective adsorptive removal of Congo red over nanocrystalline mesoporous CeO2
Authors: Joshy Deepak , Chakko Seena , Ismail Yahya A. , Periyat Pradeepan
Published: September 2021

Surface basicity mediated rapid and selective adsorptive removal of organic pollutants over nanocrystalline mesoporous CeO2.
Selective synthesis of sulfoxides and sulfones via controllable oxidation of sulfides with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide
Authors: Xu Xiaobo , Yan Leyu , Wang Shengqiang , Wang Panpan , Yang A-Xiu , Li Xiaolong , Lu Hao , Cao Zhong-Yan
Published: September 2021

The switchable synthesis of sulfoxides or sulfones via selective oxidation of sulfides using cheap N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) in water under mild conditions.
Microporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate) microspheres: synthesis, functionalization and applications
Authors: Xiao Jingyuan , Lu Qingbiao , Cong Hailin , Shen Youqing , Yu Bing
Published: September 2021

As a new kind of functional material, micron-sized porous polymer microspheres are a hot research topic in the field of polymer materials.
Aqueous ROPISA of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides: polypeptide block secondary structure controls nanoparticle shape anisotropy
Authors: Grazon Chloé , Salas-Ambrosio Pedro , Antoine Ségolène , Ibarboure Emmanuel , Sandre Olivier , Clulow Andrew J. , Boyd Ben J. , Grinstaff Mark W. , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Bonduelle Colin
Published: September 2021

Ring-Opening Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (ROPISA) of N-carboxyanhydride is an efficient one-step process to obtain nanomaterials made of polypeptides.
Tailoring polymer dispersity by mixing ATRP initiators
Authors: Parkatzidis Kostas , Rolland Manon , Truong Nghia P. , Anastasaki Athina
Published: September 2021

Herein we present a simple batch method to control polymer dispersity using a mixture of two ATRP initiators with different reactivities.
Defective MnO2 nanosheets based free-standing and high mass loading electrodes for high energy density aqueous zinc ion batteries
Authors: Shang Ping , Liu Yuanhao , Mei Yingying , Wu Lisha , Dong Yanfeng
Published: September 2021

Defective MnO2 nanosheets based free-standing film electrodes with high mass loadings were constructed for high capacity and high energy density in aqueous and quasi-solid-state zinc ion batteries.
Strategy for polymorphic control by enzymatic reaction and antisolvent crystallization: effect of aminoacylase on metastable β-glycine formation
Authors: Hsueh Jen-Chieh , Yeh Kuan Lin , Lee Hung Lin , Lee Tu
Published: September 2021

β-Glycine could only be produced by enzymatic reaction, while other recrystallization methods gave mixture of α- and β-glycine, or α-, β-, γ-glycine no matter whether the pristine aminoacylase was added as auxiliary additive or not.
A porous polycrystalline NiCo2Px as a highly efficient host for sulfur cathodes in Li–S batteries
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhang Meng , Zhang Bo , Wang Bin , Dou Jianmin , Kong Zhen , Wang Chunsheng , Sun Xiuping , Qian Yitai , Xu Liqiang
Published: September 2021

A porous polycrystalline NiCo2Px with olivary morphology is firstly fabricated combining phosphorization and solvothermal method, and the obtained NiCo2Px enables fast electrochemical reactions at the triple-phase interfaces for the sulfur cathode.
Balancing stability and Li-ion conductivity of Li10SiP2O12 for solid-state electrolytes with the assistance of a body-centered cubic oxygen framework
Authors: Zhang Bingkai , He Zhiwei , Zhong Jiajie , Yang Luyi , Lin Zhan , Pan Feng
Published: September 2021

A body-centered-cubic (bcc) anion arrangement in Li10SiP2O12 (LSPO) leads to high ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability, indicating a promising application in the solid-state electrolyte region.
Understanding large and complex biological data sets using visualization
Authors: Taylor Stephen
Published: September 2021

Molecular biology experiments are generating an unprecedented amount of information from a variety of different experimental modalities. DNA sequencing machines, proteomics mass cytometry and microscopes generate huge amounts of data every day. Not only is the data large, but it is also multidimensional. Understanding trends and getting actionable insights from these data requires techniques that allow comprehension at a high level but also insight into what underlies these trends. Lots of small errors or poor summarization can lead to false results and reproducibility issues in large data sets. Hence it is essential we do not cherry-pick results to suit a hypothesis but instead examine all data and publish accurate insights in a data-driven way. This article will give an overview of some of the problems faced by the researcher in understanding epigenetic changes (which are related to changes in the physical structure of DNA) when presented with raw analysis results using visualization methods. We will also discuss the new challenges faced by using machine learning which can be helped by visualization.
Methodology for assessing the efficiency of water jet pumps in auxiliary systems of irrigation pumping stations
Authors: Kan Eduard , Mukhammadiev Muradulla , Li Afanasiy , Aralov SHerali
Published: September 2021

The reliability and efficiency of irrigation pumping stations operation primarily depends on the well-coordinated operation of all systems. Drainage system should ensure that the building and territory of the pumping station are not flooded by drainage (filtration) water. At many pumping stations (especially those with long pressure lines), water jet pumps are installed as pumps for pumping out drainage water. The experience of operating such plants has revealed their undeniable advantages in comparison with conventional vane centrifugal pumps (type K and D) – sufficient reliability in operation due to the simplicity of the design, the absence of rubbing parts in the installation, the possibility of pumping contaminated liquids and the possibility of their use in the absence of power supply. But with all this, water jet pumps are extremely low-efficiency. To justify the use of jet pumps, a methodology is needed that would allow for a comprehensive consideration of all the main factors that affect their reliability, ease of operation and energy efficiency in the drainage system. On the example of the pumping station “Kiziltepa-2”, these factors were identified and the energy efficiency of water jet pumps was calculated. Various applications of jet pumps are considered, and their efficiency is evaluated.
Designing an irrigation system using photovoltaic energy by considering crop type in Fergana Valley
Authors: Kuzey Şakir , Şeker Cihat , Elweddad Mohamed , Güneşer M. Tahir
Published: September 2021

Today, the importance of energy cost and efficiency is gradually increase. The decrease in drinking water and agricultural water resources, increases the interest in drip irrigation systems in agricultural irrigation. Environmentally friendly photovoltaic drip irrigation systems (PVDIS) are the appropriate solution in regions where there is no electricity distribution network, where it is far away, or where power cuts are frequently. This study is carried out in the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. Regional climate data obtained from Climwat 2.0 software are processed in Cropwat 8.0 software. Crops that are both the source of livelihood of the people of the region and that can be used in this study have been determined. Annual and daily water needs are analyzed so that these crops are irrigated every seven days. A system is designed by taking the data of the crop with the highest water requirement as a reference. The drip irrigation system is set up in a PVsyst 7.1.7 simulation environment to pump 114.24 m3 of water daily from a 5-meter-deep river with a 1.8 kW photovoltaic system. The efficiency of the system is 58.7% and the efficiency of the pump is 34.5%. Crop water need is met at the rate of 98.87%. It is predicted that the designed and analyzed PVDIS will provide efficiency in energy and water resources.
Mitigation of load side harmonic distortion in standalone photovoltaic based microgrid
Authors: Aljwary Adel , Yusupov Ziyodulla , Toirov Olimjon , Shokirov Rustam
Published: September 2021

Photovoltaic (PV) system as one part of distributed energy resources is becoming an alternative for low and medium distribution network of microgrid. By the reason of a wide implementation of power electronic and non-linear loads, harmonics distortion is one of the main problems for the power systems. There are several filter types to mitigate the harmonics. The passive filter is distinguished by its simplicity and economical options from another filters. In this paper, the passive single tuned filter (STF) is used to minimize harmonics distortion in standalone PV based microgrid. A solar PV array is modelled as an ideal single diode model (ISDM) and used to supply electrical power to an AC load. The simulation results are executed on MATLAB/Simulink show that STF is effective in mitigating the voltage total harmonic distortion (VTHD) and the current total harmonic distortion (ITHD) with enhancing the output power quality.
Study on the influence of the deformation zones of the quarry sides on the rock mass movement
Authors: Kadirov Vokhid , Karimov Sherzod , Qushshayev Uchqun , Sharapova Durdona
Published: September 2021

The article presents a study and analysis of the causes of deformation of the slopes and sides of the quarry indicates that the magnitude and nature of the deformation processes depend on the height of the ledge, the angle of slope of the slopes, the physical and mechanical properties, the lithological and structural features of the instrument array and the geodynamic activity of the fault zones. The influence of the deformation zones of the sides of the quarry on the transport of rock masses is justified. The zone of deformed masses of the ore deposit, which affect the movement of the rock mass, is studied. Each process performed in open pit mining is linked to another workflow. Without ensuring the safety of mining operations and performing the tasks set is impossible. Transportation of rock masses in the lower horizons of a deep quarry is one of the main tasks of the industry. At the same time, the removal of deformation and landslides in the area where the transport berm is being constructed for draining and continuous transportation is the main goal of the quarry. The stability of the transport berm depends directly on the stability of the side of the quarry. It is determined that the choice of a single-lane or twolane transport berm constructed for heavy-duty quarry dump trucks depends on the condition of the side of the quarry.
Study of the Form of Minerals in Copper Porphyry Ores of “Yoshlik-I” Deposit
Authors: Umarova Inoyat , Matkarimov Sokhibjon , Bekpulatov Javlon , Makhmaredjabov Dilmurod , Yuldashev Sherzod
Published: September 2021

The purpose of these studies is to study the forms of finding copper-porphyry ores of the Yoshlik I deposit compared with the Kalmakyr deposit data and to decide on the choice of a cost-effective ore processing technology. As a result of the studies, it was revealed that ore mineralization is represented by sulfides of various metals and iron oxides. The primary sulfides are pyrite and chalcopyrite. In the «Yoshlik-I» sample, the pyrite content is six times less than in the Kalmakyr sample and is 0.7%. The mass fraction of chalcopyrite in the Kalmakyr and “Yoshlik-I” deposits is 1.1 and 0.8%, respectively. The remaining sulfides of various metals and the minerals of these ribs are present in several single signs. According to the content of cell fids, the Kalmakyr ore sample is characterized by a small-sulfide ore; the «Yoshlik-I» ore sample is a slab-sulfide type ore. According to the oxidation state calculated by iron, ore samples of the Kalmakyr and «Yoshlik-I» deposits belong to the mixed variety of ores.
Study on mechanisms of tillage for melon cultivation under the film
Authors: Fayzullaev Khayriddin , Mamatov Farmon , Мirzaev Bakhadir , Irgashev Dilmurod , Mustapakulov Sodik , Sodikov Akram
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study is to develop a machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under a tunnel film. The authors have developed a machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under a tunnel film, which is equipped with deep-diggers with an inclined stand of the “paraplau” type, a furrow maker and rotary working bodies. A design diagram and a fragment of the machine operation have beak given. The basic principles and methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis and statistics were used in this study. Tests have established that the developed machine reliably performs the specified technological process and its performance indicators fully meet the requirements. When using the developed machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under the film, the direct cost of processing one hectare of area is reduced by 33.4%. The study’s goal is to create a machine that prepares soil for seeding melons under a tunnel film. The authors have created a machine that includes deep-diggers with a “paraplau” style inclined platform, a furrow maker, and rotating working bodies for preparing the soil for planting melons beneath a tunnel film. A design schematic as well as a portion of the machine functioning has been provided. In this work, the fundamental concepts and methodologies of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis, and statistics were employed. The created machine reliably executes the required technical procedure, and its performance indicators completely fulfill the criteria, according to tests. The direct cost of processing one hectare of land is lowered by 33.4 percent when utilizing the developed machine to prepare the soil for growing melons beneath the film.
Experimental determination of cotton yarn strength at different speeds of movement obtained by various technological methods
Authors: Sultanov Karim , Ismailova Sabida , Baymuratov Bakhodir , Tulanov Shamsidin
Published: September 2021

Our results on the strength parameters of cotton yarns manufactured by carded and combed systems by ring and rotor spinning (CD-carded ring-spun, OE-carded rotor-spun, CM-combed ring-spun) are presented. Experiments to test yarns for strength were conducted on a “Statimat C” tensile installation at speeds of the lower end of the yarn from 100 mm/min to 1000 mm/min. From the diagrams of yarn stretching to breaking, the changes in breaking load, specific breaking load, critical strain values at which the yarn breaks, time of stretching before breaking, depending on the strain rate for the considered types of yarns, were determined. The analysis of the experimental results obtained shows the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the change in strength parameters of three varieties of yarns.
Study on the mechanics of textile thread in woven
Authors: Khamrayeva Sanovar , Kadirova Dilfuza , Rakhimkhodjayev Sayidvoris
Published: September 2021

Specialists in the weaving industry are often interested in the question of what tension of the warp and weft threads must be set on the weaving machine to produce a particular fabric. Along with this, they are interested in the question of what is the relationship between these parameters and the structure of the fabric, how much it is necessary to increase or decrease the tension of the warp and weft threads when changing the assortment of fabric. These problems arise because the correct thread tension on weaving machines increases the productivity of equipment and labor, and also improves the quality of the fabrics produced. The current state of the mechanics of a weighty deformable flexible thread on a plane and other forms of guides do not take into account the rigidity of the threads on the friction surface, since this parameter is determined by the type and type of threads, the linear density of the threads and the elastic properties of the threads. Therefore, the article analyzes the work on the mechanics of textile yarn and studies of the tension of the yarns were carried out depending on the radius of friction, angle of friction, coefficient of friction and stiffness of the yarns.
Study of the influence of cotton fiber indicators on yarn quality
Authors: Yusupalieva Umida , Matismailov Saypila , Yuldashev Alisher
Published: September 2021

In order to determine the relationship between the fiber properties of the yarn quality in the article, experiments were conducted using a passive method of mathematical planning and a regression equation was obtained for each optimal parameter. Based on the experiments, it was found that a decrease in fiber micronaire, an increase in tensile strength, fiber length and uniformity, leads to an increase in the specific tensile strength of yarn, a decrease in the coefficient of variation in tensile strength and the number of breaks in the yarn.
Modelling of A Solar Thermal Energy System For Energy Efficiency Improvement In A Ceramic Plant
Authors: Castro Oliveira Miguel , Iten Muriel
Published: September 2021

The thermal energy use in the manufacturing plants is the most representative parcel of the total energy consumption within the European industry. Such is mainly attributed to the operation of high energy intensive thermal processes such as furnaces and boilers. The implementation of heat recovery technologies is a solution with a great potential to improve the operation of these processes and improve the overall energy efficiency in a plant. On the other hand, the use of renewable energy resources such as solar energy is highly relevant measure to decrease the use of fossil fuels, such as natural gas. This paper presents the modelling of a solar thermal energy system (STES) established by a water circuit and solar thermal collector for the heat supply to two boilers installed in a ceramic plant. Such system has been conceptualised in the scope of industrial practices, proposing solar heat for industrial processes (SHIP). The practical work in this paper aims to the development of a customised simulation tool for the modelling of heat recovery networks and thermal processes in manufacturing industry plants using the Modelica language. The system model has been developed using existing and newly developed equipment models. The simulation results were validated with measured data in the industrial plant, being consistent with the real values (e.g. highest deviation of about 0.01%). In addition to the boilers, the performed simulation allowed to achieve the sizing of the components of the water circuit, in particular for the pumping system (with a required supply of 0.747 kW of electric energy). A techno-economic assessment has been performed to evaluate the viability of the cproposed solution, showing a payback time of approximately 3 years, a total annual economic savings of about 25209 € and associated reduction of equivalent carbon dioxide emissions of about 170 ton/year.
Short-Term Clinical Assessment of Hip Hemi-Arthroplasty in 11 Dogs
Authors: Huggard Renée , Wicks Grace , Corfield Gordon
Published: September 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the short-term clinical outcome in dogs following a hip hemi-arthroplasty for the treatment of primary pathological disorders of the hip and as a salvage procedure following failure of the cup component of a total hip replacement.

Study Design Medical records of dogs that had a unilateral hip hemi-arthroplasty performed between 2015 and 2020 were reviewed. Data collected included follow-up orthopaedic examinations performed at 0, 2, 8 and 52 weeks postoperatively, pelvic radiography at 0, 8 and 52 weeks postoperatively and an owner questionnaire (Helsinki chronic pain index [HCPI]).

Results Eleven unilateral hip hemi-arthroplasty procedures were identified. The median age at time of surgery was 3.6 years (8 months–10 years) and the median follow-up time was 13 months (range: 2 months–3 years). The HCPI for all dogs at follow-up was median 8 ± 7.30 (range: 5–25). Total HCPI was < 12 for 7/10 dogs and ≥ 12 for 3 dogs. Pelvic radiographs at 1 year confirmed osteointergration of the femoral stem implant and no evidence of implant subsidence or progression of osteoarthritis. However, there was some evidence of mild lucency of the acetabular bed around the prosthetic femoral head and mild peri-acetabular sclerosis in four cases.

Conclusion Hip hemi-arthroplasty provides a clinically acceptable treatment for disabling disease of the coxofemoral joint with 10/11 patients achieving acceptable short-term clinical function. Long-term assessment of the hip hemi-arthroplasty and comparison with total hip replacement is indicated.
Plenty accurate soliton wave solutions of the prototype of an excitable system
Authors: Alfalqi S. H. , Alzaidi J. F. , Zhang Ying-Fang , Salama Samir A. , Khater Mostafa M. A.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the nonlinear fractional Lotka–Volterra model is analyzed and numerically studied. This research is based on applying the three latest analytical schemes and three other numerical schemes to construct rich wave solutions. In different forms, many novel solitary wave solutions are built and presented in two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and contour plots. The numerical method conditions are evaluated through the obtained analytical solutions, and the accuracy of the analytical solutions is studied. Many numerical solutions are constructed based on the employed schemes. Additionally, the analytical, semi-analytical, numerical, and absolute values of error between the values of obtained solutions are calculated with the different values of the given variable in the solutions. Furthermore, the match between the obtained analytical solution and the numerical solution has been explained through some two-dimensional distributed radar charts. The contribution of this article is demonstrated by comparing the obtained solution with the recently published results of the same model.
L2 pronunciation research and teaching
Authors: Levis John
Published: September 2021

Research on L2 pronunciation needs to occur in a much wider range of languages in order to ensure that findings are not just applicable to dominant languages. This paper argues that research on a wider variety of languages will be valuable for understanding different contexts of learning/instruction, different types and combinations of phonological features, and different instructional approaches. The field especially needs two parallel and interrelated threads of research and teaching-oriented publications. The first is descriptions of and materials for teaching pronunciation in particular languages. The second is research that is built around questions of practical interest and theoretically-motivated models of L2 speech perception and production.
High-dose radiation exposure and hypothyroidism: aetiology, prevention and replacement therapy
Authors: Reiners Christoph , Hänscheid Heribert , Schneider Rita
Published: September 2021

Without any doubt, high dose radiation exposure can induce hypothyroidism. However, there are open questions related to the mechanisms of its induction, corresponding dose thresholds and possible countermeasures. Therefore, this review addresses the aetiology, prevention and therapy of radiation induced hypothyroidism. External beam radiotherapy with several 10 Gy to the head and neck region and radioiodine therapy with several 100 Gy thyroid absorbed dose can destroy the thyroid gland and can induce autoantibodies against thyroid tissue. According to recent literature, clinical hypothyroidism is observed at threshold doses of ∼10 Gy after external beam radiotherapy and of ∼50 Gy after radioiodine therapy, children being more sensitive than adults. In children and adolescents exposed by the Chernobyl accident with mean thyroid absorbed doses of 500–800 mGy, subclinical hypothyroidism has been detected in 3%–6% of the cases with significant correlation to thyroid absorbed doses above 2.5 Gy. In case of nuclear emergencies, iodine thyroid blocking (ITB) is the method of choice to keep thyroid absorbed doses low. Large doses of stable iodine affect two different steps of internalization of radioiodine (transport and organification); perchlorate affecting the transport only may be an alternative to iodine. Administered before radioiodine incorporation, the effect of 100 mg iodide or more is still about 90% after 1 days, 80% after 2 days, and 50% or less after 3 days. If administered (too) late after exposure to radioiodine, the theoretically expected protective effect of ITB is about 50% after 6 h, 25% after 12 h, and about 6% after 24 h. In case of repeated or continuous exposure, repeated administration of 50 mg of iodide daily is indicated. If radiation-induced hypothyroidism cannot be avoided, thyroid hormone replacement therapy with individualized dosing and regular monitoring in order to maintain thyroid-stimulating hormone levels within the normal range ensures normal life expectancy.
Influence of Citrullus Colocynthis Pulp Extract on some Biochemical Parameters of Experimental Diabetic Female Rats
Authors: Khudhair Doaa Ayad , Degaim Zainab Dakhil , Al-Fartosi Khalid G.
Published: September 2021

The present study designed to investigate the effect of Citrullus colocynthis pulp extract on serum glucose level and some biochemical parameters of experimental diabetic female rats. Female rats included: the first group was orally administrated with a normal saline (1 mL/kg-1 body weight), the second group was given only C. colocynthis pulp extract (200 mg/kg-1 body weight), the third group (diabetic group) were given normal saline (1 mL/kg-1 body weight) and the fourth group (diabetic group with extract) were given C. colocynthis extract (200 mg/kg-1 body weight). The results indicated a significant decrease in level of glucose of rats in second group that treated with extract compared with the first and third groups. Also, the results were indicated a significant decrease in levels of cholesterol and AST, also decrease triglyceride and ALT levels in second and fourth groups compared with first and third groups.
Adsorption of toxic crystal violet dye using (Chitosan- OMWCNTs) from aqueous solution
Authors: Karam Faiq F. , Hassan Fatima F. , Hessoon Haider M.
Published: September 2021

Crystal Violet dye is a toxic organic pigment that has little solubility in water and causes serious health problems and environmental pollution. In the current study, a compound composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with chitosan was used. Experiments were conducted to adsorb the crystal violet dye for both the effect of the surface weight of the adsorbent and contact time. Dye with the CS-OMWCNTs. And the study of the effect of the pH and the study of the effect of ionic intensity in removing the dye. The results are shown. The best weight is obtained as an adsorbent surface was 0.035 g. The results showed the best contact time to reach a state of balance, which was 90 minutes. By studying the pH, the best acid medium was pH=4 and the percentage of deletion was 99% in the acidic medium with a concentration of 100 ppm. As for the ionic intensity study, each of the salts of sodium chloride and potassium carbonate are studied. The dye adsorption percentage decreases as the salt ions compete for the active sites of the adsorbent surface
Calculation of vibrational frequencies, Energetic and some other Quantum Chemical Parameters for some Flavonoids
Authors: Mustafa S. R. , Al-Ani Huda N.
Published: September 2021

Computational study objective understanding the molecular factors that influence their structural design electronic charge density on atoms and energetic properties, using quantum mechanics calculations of the Semiempirical theory PM3 and Density Functional Theory DFT of (B3LYP) with a 6-311++G (2d, 2p) by using Gaussian-09 program on Selected Phytomedicines molecules, Flavon, Claflanone, and Hesperetin. They were chosen because of their unique chemical structure, which enabled researchers to assess the impact of functional groups on physical properties.

Theoretical study for physical Properties, bond length, energies, vibration modes, charge density and Mechanical Properties by Quantum Mechanical Calculations for Phytomedicines molecules.

Both IR absorption intensities and vibration frequencies of 3N-6 for all species were measured and allocated, and correlations for the frequencies of related modes were observed using the Herzberg convention. In addition to certain physical properties such as heat of formation, total energy, electronic charge density on atoms, dipole moment, and energy gap (E= ELUMO-EHOMO), the calculated physical properties and quantum chemical parameters correlated for the three Phytomedicines molecules. The distribution of electronic charge density on the atoms of three molecules was also measured and analyzed using the Gaussian 09 program; all three molecules were studied and discussed at their equilibrium geometry, symmetry..
Groundwater Assessment of Spring Water Using (GIS) Arc map 10.8 in Al-Shanafiyah District, AL-Qadisiyah Governorate, Southern Iraq
Authors: Matrood Marwan Jaber , Hussein Haider Mashkoor
Published: September 2021

Groundwater takes center stage in areas where other sources of water are unavailable. The surface of rivers and irrigation schemes and applies to the study region represented by the district of Shanafiyah in southern Iraq. In the Al-Shanafiyah district, Production An aquifer probability map Geographical information number (GIS) Arc map 10.8 in the Shanafiyah watershed, Al Qadisiyah Governorate, Iraq. First, surveys were conducted to locate the springs Digital DEM mapping A total of 24 springs and 6 wells were identified and assigned to geographic information systems; 30 of these were chosen for chemical and physical examination, and a spatial study was conducted to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking, irrigation, and animal watering. Since groundwater is the primary source upon which people depend, the judiciary is primarily used for drinking and second-class irrigation, and its function and significance have grown. Groundwater in the area has been depleted as a result of population growth and years of drought in recent years. Particularly since the area relies heavily on rainwater for agricultural investment. As a result, the judiciary will have to decide if groundwater is suitable for human consumption. In research and distribution systems, (GIS) Arc map 10.8 and agriculture, and by the implementation of modern techniques, exemplified by the use of The spatial characteristics of the groundwater in the area are important.