bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress and stagnation in the livelihood of informal workers in an emerging economy: Long-term evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Rizky Mayang , Suryadarma Daniel , Suryahadi Asep
Published: November 2020

We use long-spanning individual longitudinal data to examine the long-term labour market outcomes of low-tier informal workers. We investigate their characteristics, calculate the extent of switching, and identify the characteristics of those who have switched. Finally, we estimate the earnings premium of switching. We find that individuals are negatively selected into low-tier informal work. Almost half of individuals who started out as a low-tier informal worker remained as low-tier informal workers through the next 8–19 years. The other half switched on average three times. Most switches take place from low-tier informal to low-tier formal sector work. High-tier jobs are relatively closed off to those who started their career as low-tier informal workers. We find that the earnings premium that low-tier informal workers could gain by switching is large and statistically significant. An effective policy, therefore, is to support low-tier informal workers to improve their livelihoods by becoming low-tier formal workers.
Exporters and global value chain participation: Firm-level evidence from South Africa
Authors: Torres Mazzi Caio , Ndubuisi Gideon , Avenyo Elvis
Published: November 2020

Using the South African Revenue Service and National Treasury firm-level panel data for 2009–17, this paper investigates how global value chain-related trade affects the export performance of manufacturing firms in South Africa. In particular, the paper uses extant classifications of internationally traded products to identify different categories of global value chain-related products and compares the productivity premium of international traders for these different categories. Also, the paper investigates possible differences in learning-by-exporting effects across the identified categories of global value chain-related products by estimating the effect of exporting before and after entry into foreign markets. The results confirm that global value chain-related trade is associated with a higher productivity premium compared with traditional trade. However, within the categories of exporters, only the firms that trade in global value chain-related products and simultaneously engage in research and development in the post-entry periods appear to learn from exporting.
PERBANDINGAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK E PERBANDINGAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH TERONG BELANDA SEBAGAI PEWARNA PADA BLUSH ON DALAM BENTUK SEDIAAN COMPACT
Authors: Barus Bunga Rimta , Estevania Kaban Vera , Octavia Aitonang Jessi , Berkat Waruwu Syukur
Published: November 2020

Blush on is a cosmetic preparation for coloring the cheeks with an artistic touch so that it can increase the attractive impression in makeup (Nurhayati, 2016). Many blush-on preparations come from chemicals, which can cause spotty, black spots and can trigger skin cancer. One alternative that can be used is by making a blush on natural ingredients, namely Tree Tomato. The purpose of this study was to find out the Ethanol Extract of the Tree Tomato Fruit was made as a blush on coloring in compact preparations.The sample used in this study was Tree Tomato, red and had a soft texture taken from the cultivation of Tree tomato in the village of Brastagi, Karo District, North Sumatra Province. Making extracts is done by maceration and the process of making blush. After that evaluation of blush on preparation is carried out. Evaluation test results of blush on ethanol extract of tree tomato fruit include. The results of homogeneity tests are declared homogeneous, pH test averages 6.4, irritation test results stated not to irritate, the test results of the three formulations can be concluded that the three most preferred form of blush on panelists are formulations with a concentration of 15%, because they have a comfortable level of application, clear colors and very soft.Ethanol extract of Tree Tomato fruit can be made as a dye in compact preparations.
EFEK EKSTRAK DAUN GAMBIR ( UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB) TERHADAP TINGKAT STRESS OKSIDATIF DAN EKSPRESI SIRTUIN 3 PADA HIPOKAMPUS MENCIT BETINA MODEL PENUAAN YANG DIINDUKSI D-GALAKTOSA
Authors: Sinaga Inda MH , Sari Mutiara Indah , Ichwan Muhammad MH
Published: November 2020

The aging process must be experienced by all living things, there will be a decrease in the tissue ability to maintain its function so that pathological conditions occur. Some things can cause aging, Free radical factors are external and internal factors that can trigger aging. Induce of d-galactose continuously one of the factors that can increase oxidative stress. This study was design to evaluate the effect of gambir leaf extract on oxidative stress and expression of the sirtuin 3 gene in the hippocampus of female mice induced intraperitoneally by d-galactose 150 mg/kgbb. Researchers conducted a post test only control group study with a sample of 24 female mice aged 10 - 12 weeks with the inclusion criteria an average body weight of 25-35 grams, obtained from the same breeding place, maintained at the same place and time and never as research material. Mice were divided into 4 groups with 6 mice each , group (C) female mice induced only d-galactose 150 mg / kg and in sonde aquabidest  0,1%/body weight, mice induced by d-galactose and sonde gambir leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg / kg bw group (C1), group (C2) 200 mg/kgbw, and 400 mg/kgbw group (C3). Blood samples were collected to determine the increase in oxidative stress levels of malondealdehyde (MDA) through spectrophotometry, and hippocampal tissue collected for PCR method so that the expression of the sirtuin 3 gene can be seen. Increased levels of MDA are associated with increased oxidative stress. This study reported the results of MDA levels were not significant ( p value <0.05). The results of the PCR reported an increase in expression 2 times higher than the control at a dose of gambier leaf extract 200 mg / kgbw

Keywords:D-Galactose, Malondealdehid,Sirtuin 3,Cathechin.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT DI DESA PASAR VI KUALANAMU TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA BERDASARKAN KEIKUTSERTAAN PADA KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI
Authors: Safitri Riri
Published: November 2020

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood, some adolescents do not know and understand about reproductive health, for example about menstruation and the occurrence of pregnancy. By participating in reproductive health socialization activities, it can increase knowledge about reproductive health. So research is needed on the level of knowledge and attitudes of the community in Pasar VI Kualanamu Village, Beringin District, regarding reproductive health based on participation in socialization activities. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the level of knowledge and attitudes of the community in Pasar VI Kualanamu Village, Beringin District regarding Reproductive health based on participation in the socialization activities. And aims to determine the success of the dissemination of reproductive health carried out in the village market VI Kualanamu District Banyan. This research is a comparative study with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was taken by accidental sampling technique with a total of 64 respondents. This research was conducted in January 2020 in Pasar VI Village Kualanamu, Beringin District. The instruments used were questionnaire characteristics of respondents, questionnaires about knowledge of reproductive health, and attitudes about reproductive health health. The data analysis technique used in this study was the Mann Whitney U test. the results of this study show that respondents who participated in socialization (counseling) about reproductive health gained better knowledge about reproductive health. Furthermore, the attitudes of respondents about reproductive health in the groups that participated in the socialization had sufficient to very good attitudes, while the attitudes of respondents in the groups who did not participate in the socialization had an attitude that was not good enough to the point. The results of the analysis of the use of the Mann Whitney U test are that there is no significant difference in the level of knowledge and attitudes in the groups participating in the socialization and groups not participating in the socialization.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TERHADAP KEPATUHAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN VAKSIN (MR) MEASLES-RUBELLA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MANDALA MEDAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Hasibuan Ilfa , Pane Putri Yunita , Simangunsong Pahala Maringan J.
Published: November 2020

Measles is a highly contagious disease that is caused by a virus and is transmitted through coughing and sneezing. The effects of Measles are high fever, reddish patches on the skin (rashes) heal with coughs or colds and red eyes (conjunctivitis). This disease is very dangerous if treated with complications of pneumonia, diarrhea, meningitis, and can even cause death. Rubella disease is a disease similar to Measles that is transmitted through the respiratory tract when coughing or sneezing. MR vaccine (Measles Rubella) in the Mandala Puskesmas Area in 2019. This research is a quantitative study using cross sectional. The population in this study is mothers who have children and children. Based on monthly patient visits, 385 patients in Mandala Medan Health Center in 2019 The technique of collecting data is by observation and questionnaire. Analysis of the data used in this study was the Chi-Square test (95% CI). The results of the study stated that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge in the implementation of the MR (Measles Rubella) Vaccine in the Mandala Health Center Area Medan with a p value of 0,000 (<α = 0.05). There is a significant relationship between the attitude of mothers in the implementation of MR (Measles Rubella) Vaccine in Mandala Medan Puskesmas with a p value of 0.000 (<α = 0.05) MR (Measles Rubella) in the Mandala Puskesmas Region in Medan
Nonlinear finite element analysis of punching shear strength of reinforced concrete slabs supported on L-shaped columns
Authors: Zhang Qing , Milligan Graeme J. , Polak Maria Anna
Published: November 2020

Most current concrete design codes include provisions for punching shear of reinforced concrete slabs supported on columns with L, T, and cruciform shapes. Reference studies verifying the accuracy of these code provisions are typically not provided. Empirical data of punching failures of slabs supported on columns with L, T, and cruciform shapes are limited due to the cost and time required to test specimens with slab thicknesses and column sizes commonly used in practice. In this paper, the punching shear behaviour of five interior L-shaped slab-column connections, one without a slab opening and four with slab openings, subjected to static concentric loading are analyzed using a plasticity-based nonlinear finite element model (FEM) in ABAQUS. The FEM is similar to models previously calibrated at the University of Waterloo and are calibrated considering nine slabs that are tested to study the impact of column rectangularity on the punching shear behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs. The finite element analysis results indicate that shear stresses primarily concentrate around the ends of the L, and that current code predictions from ACI 318-19 and Eurocode 2 may be unconservative due to the assumed critical perimeters around L-shaped columns.
Assessment of the early-age strains and stresses in 2D restrained self-stressed members
Authors: Tur Viktar V. , Sannikava Volha H.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the implementation of the modified strains development model (MSDM) for the two-way restrained self-stressed members such as expansive concrete-filled steel tubes and expansive concrete plane elements with arbitrary orthogonal reinforcement. The analytical approach allows defining the restrained strains and stresses in any 2D restraint conditions by following the iterative procedures and accounting for the elastic-plastic behaviour of expansive concrete at an early age. The consistency of the proposed method was confirmed by assessing the experimental results of the two series of the expansive concrete-filled steel tubes and three series of the expansive concrete plane members with mesh reinforcement in the centre of gravity.
Buildings of the John Paul II Center – a challenge for civil engineering and architecture
Authors: Wrana Bogumił , Wrana Jan
Published: November 2020

The buildings of the John Paul II Centre (CJPII) are located in Cracow-Łagiewniki on a heap of limestone sediments from the former "Solvay" Sodium Plant in Cracow. The area is called "White Seas" (Białe Morze) and is located in the natural depression of the Wilga river valley, between Św. Józefa hill in the north and Borkowska Hill (Góra Borkowska) in the south-west. The limestone sediments as a building substrate for CJPII buildings is unprecedented ground in the world and thus a challenge for civil engineering. The height of the heap reaches about 15 m and has retained the consistency of a white pulp until today. CJPII buildings are objects of the third geotechnical category, founded on a foundation slab of 0.8-m thickness, and in the central part of 0.45-m thickness. The slab is based on 200 reinforced concrete CFA-type drilled piles with a diameter of 1000 mm and 650 mm and length up to 26 m. The load-bearing structure of the CJPII buildings is a reinforced concrete frame and shell structure. The symbolism of the urban complex (e.g. the scale of the market square in Wadowice), located on a system of 200 piles above the post-industrial landfill/heaps of sediments, is ensured with architectural solutions referring to places connected with the life of John Paul II – during the occupation in 1940-1944 he was a student of Jagiellonian University in Cracow and the worker of the Solvay factory in the Podgórze district, in 1958 he became a bishop of Cracow, in 1967 – the cardinal (architectural details from the St. Mary Church and the Wawel Cathedral), 1978-2005 – the pilgrim-pope from Rome, who confirmed the mission of the Church continuing the tradition depicted in the early-christian churches on the wall mosaics (the Basilica of San Vitale and the Basilica of Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna).
The analysis of load carrying capacity and cracking of slightly reinforced concrete members in bending
Authors: Słowik Marta
Published: November 2020

Slightly reinforced concrete members are the members made by concrete with reinforcement less than minimum given in codes for reinforced concrete ones. Plain concrete and slightly reinforced concrete members in bending are treated in the same way during the dimensioning and the influence of longitudinal reinforcement on the load carrying capacity is not taken into account. The mechanism of work and crack formation in slightly reinforced concrete members is not completely recognized. The author’s own research program was made. The experiment was aimed at the determination of cracking moment and load carrying capacity of slightly reinforced concrete beams with different reinforcement ratio. Also plain concrete beams and the typical reinforced concrete beam were tested. The analysis of the obtained values of maximum bending moment and crack’s widths was made according to the reinforcement ratio. The analysis of test results shows how the presence of longitudinal steel bars in concrete members, even when reinforcement ratio is low, changes cracking process and influences the value of cracking moment in flexural members. On the basis of test results, the method how to calculate the load carrying capacity of slightly reinforced concrete elements in bending has been proposed.
Experimental and numerical investigation of plywood progressive failure in CT tests
Authors: Ivanov Ivelin , Sadowski Tomasz , Filipiak Magdalena , Kneć Marcin
Published: November 2020

The plywood is considered as a layered cross-ply unidirectional fibre reinforced composite. The experimental Compact Tension (CT) tests carried out in different directions of plywood fibre orientation show that the characteristics of damages are fibre bundle rupture, matrix cracking along the fibres, and delamination at the ply interlayers of glue. The plywood CT specimens are modelled by continuum shell and cohesive finite elements with damage evolution in material models. The Finite Element (FE) model simulates the experimental behaviour of plywood samples very well and allows deep investigation of the different types of damage development and interaction. The FE model of plywood is useful for its lay-up optimization and for development of very efficient in large-scale simulations computational models of plywood.
Assembly mistakes of steel structures
Authors: Litwin Małgorzata , Górecki Marcin
Published: November 2020

Steel structures have plenty of advantages, which decide on their usage in many buildings. At the same time require they great precision in the design stage as well as during the building phase. Indispensable precision is oft a reason for design and assembly mistakes. In the paper there are presented the assembly mistakes, which occur the most often during the realisation stage.
Preliminary assessment of spent glauconite bed usage possibilities as a material to lightweight aggregate production.
Authors: Franus Małgorzata , Latosińska Jolanta
Published: November 2020

The presented work has shown an application of spent glauconite bed after purifi cation of wastewater for production of lightweight expanded clay aggregates. Sewage, from which it was removed Zn ions, came from technological line (zinc-works) of Communication Equipment Factory „PZL” Świdnik. Spent glauconite bed was used as an additive in lightweight aggregate production which was obtained using plastic method by sintering, at temperature 1140ºC and 1200 ºC, of spent glauconite amouts 10, 15, 20 and 25% wt. with clays from open-cast mine „Budy Mszczonowskie”. The presence of the mineral improves sinter texture, increases porosity and contributes to formation of glassy layer on the surface of the aggregates. Tests of zinc elution from lightweight aggregate samples has shown very low mobility of zinc ions. Content of zinc in water extracts obtained from lightweight aggregate is defi nitely lower than zinc concentration permitted for sewage discharge to water or soil, means that spent material is not offensive for the environment as it can be used as a high quality building product.
Analysis of dislocation line tilt in GaN single crystal by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Kokubo Nobuhiko , Tsunooka Yosuke , Inotsume Sho , Fujie Fumihiro , Onda Shoichi , Yamada Hisashi , Shimizu Mitsuaki , Harada Shunta , Tagawa Miho , Ujihara Toru
Published: November 2020

The strain field of the tilted threading dislocation (TD) in a hydride vapor-phase epitaxy-grown c-plane (0001) GaN single crystal is demonstrated using Raman spectroscopy. In the two-dimensional mapping image of the E2
H peak shift around TDs, high-contrast areas corresponding to pairs of high and low wavenumber regions of the peak shift are observed, and the edge component of the Burgers vector can be specified. Deformed contrast areas extending in the specified direction are also observed. This deformed contrast region indicates tilted dislocations since 2D mapping also detects strain deep below the surface due to the transmission of the laser beam. Simulation of the E2
H peak shift mapping around the TD, tilted at 0° and 60° in the

11

2
¯

0

direction and having a Burgers vector

b
=
1
/
3

11

2
¯

0

,

is also performed. The simulation of the 60° tilted dislocation shows that the contrast extends in one direction. The line profiles of the E2
H peak shift by simulation are in agreement with the experimental results. We propose that the dislocation line tilt can be analyzed from the 2D Raman mapping images.
Priority Arbiter for Tiny OS The need of renown OS for WSN and IoT
Authors:   Dept of CSE, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari-583104, Karnataka, India,, Biradar Rajashree V , Patil Anita ,   Department of CSE, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari-583104, Karnataka, India,
Published: November 2020

In the present technical era, we are extremely dependent on technological applications such as internet, multimedia, social media, home automation, industrial automation, medical instrumentation, web technology so on and so forth. Moreover, as a backbone such applications are supporting the research related to science and technology in turn. There are certain technologies for example Wireless Sensor Network, IOTs, Artificial Intelligence, and Cloud Computing etc., working behind these applications as unseen hands. Nowadays in all these facilities, there is much more advancement and high demand for real-time applications to serve interactive services. Such necessities enforce the technologies to upgrade themselves to their next level. As such, in WSN, the existing Operating Systems also should upgrade interms of different concerns such as memory management, scheduling techniques, power supply scarcity issues and overall efficient utilization of available limited resources. In this regard, here is an attempt to improvise TinyOS, which is the popular OS for WSN and IOT. The survey on WSN applications reveals, what sort of improvisations are necessary to fulfill the requirements of varieties of applications. In that direction, for more efficient scheduling of tasks based on the situation, new technique is required. Being the best OS for low power devices of WSN and IOT, TinyOS hinders to support many application those need different type of scheduling than FCFS, which is the only scheduling technique for TinyOS. Hence, Integration of new Priority arbiter as a first step of main scheduler improvisation is the essence of this paper.
Stability and Convergence of Two-Step Obrechkoff Scheme For Second-Order Two-Point Boundary Value Problem
Authors: Bosede Olufemi , Wusu Ashiribo , Akanbi Moses
Published: November 2020

Mathematical modeling of scientific and engineering processes often yield Boundary Value Problems (BVPs). One of the broad categories of numerical methods for solving BVPs is the finite difference methods, in which the differential equation is replaced by a set of difference equations which are solved by direct or iterative methods. In this paper, we use some properties of matrices to analyze the stability and convergence of the prominent finite difference methods - two-step Obrechkoff method - for solving the boundary value problem $u^{\prime \prime} = f(t,u)$, $a < x < b$, $u(a) = \eta_1$, $u(b) = \eta_2$. Conditions for the stability and convergence of the two-step Obrechkoff method method were established.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED CYSTEINE PROTEASE INHIBITOR FROM CANAVALIA ENSIFORMIS (WONDER BEAN)
Authors: Adeola Segun
Published: November 2020

Cysteine protease inhibitors (CPIs) are widespread in plant seeds and are attractive candidates for use in the pharmaceutical industry. Wonder bean (Canavalia ensiformis) is a climbing perennial legume with fascinating pharmacological properties. A distinguishing characteristic of this plant is its ability to thrive under extreme environmental conditions such as nutrient-depleted, highly leached and acidic soil. Plants that survive in these extreme environmental conditions are known for high effective protease regulation by protease inhibitors which include CPI. Study was therefore designed with the aim to isolate and characterize CPI from wonder bean. CPI from Canavalia ensiformis was isolated and purified by simple methods consisting ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Mode of inhibition, optimum temperature and pH, as well as the effect of metals on the enzyme activity were determined using spectrophotometric method. The purified CPI was confirmed to be a competitive inhibitor against papain with the same Vmax = 78.59?103?mol/min, Km=209?M, and Ki = 137 ?M. The inhibitor exhibited maximal activity at temperature and pH of 40°C and 8.0 respectively. Metal cations such as, Pb2+, Mg2+,Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ significantly inhibited CPI at a very low concentration (1mM). The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed two bands of molecular weight estimated to be 28 and 32 KDa. CPI from Canavalia ensiformis was successfully isolated and there was an indication that it is composed of two polypeptide chains that might have been denatured under reducing condition in the presence of ?-mercaptoethanol. However, further investigation is required to verify this.
Explicit Fourth-Derivative Two-Step Linear Multistep Method for Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Wusu Ashiribo , Akanbi Moses
Published: November 2020

Many problems from science and engineering are modeled by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) whose solutions describe the temporal evolution of the modeled processes. In most cases however, the arising equations are too complex to be solved analytically. Consequently, their solutions have to be approximated by numerical methods. In this article, we propose an explicit fourth-derivative two-step linear multistep method (FD2LMM) for ordinary differential equations. The proposed method is constructed by using the maximal order criteria which is obtained through the associated linear difference operator. The starting values used by the proposed method are obtained by suitable single-step method. The order, consistency, linear stability, and the convergence properties of the method are discussed. Numerical experiments are performed and the results are compared with those of existing methods in the literature.
Bioeconomy for sustainable development in Nigeria: Lessons from international experiences
Authors: Oguntuase Oluwaseun
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Bioeconomy has gained significant attention in recent years, with countries adopting it to drive their developmental efforts. However, the concept has not been adequately examined and integrated into policy making in Nigeria. Aim: This paper provided an overview of the bioeconomy in terms of motivation, policy framework, and application as a concept for achieving sustainable development. It drew from international experiences in implementing bioeconomy to provide lessons that Nigerian stakeholders can use to develop and implement a comprehensive bioeconomy policy framework to solve environmental and societal challenges. Method: The study was essentially based on a desk review of relevant academic papers with reference to publicly accessible documents from governments and their agencies. Result: My review showed that there is no clear cut definition for bioeconomy, the definitions are evolving and vary depending on the actors, motivation and objectives. However, bioeconomy has become the center of sustainable economic strategies in numerous countries but Nigeria lacks a cohesive bioeconomy policy. The chief motivation for bioeconomy adoption in these countries is to address societal challenges while achieving sustainable economic development. The policies focused on research and innovation, education and training, stakeholders’ engagement, technology transfer, commercialization, and market development support. Conclusion: In order to achieve sustainable development, Nigeria must develop and implement a holistic bioeconomy policy cutting across all relevant economic sectors.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL IN DREDGED SEDIMENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA: AN INDEX APPROACH ANALYSES
Authors: Majolagbe Abdulrafiu , Yususf Abosed , Adeyi Adebola
Published: November 2020

The present study investigate the distribution of Heavy metals (Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, lead and Nickel) and potential ecological risk associated in surface sediments samples from six coastal communities (Ajah, Imore, Ilado, Ajindo, Ojo and Gbelejo) in Lagos, Nigeria. Composite samples were collected from ten (10) different locations in each of the communities and analysed of heavy metals using employing Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The interim Sediment Quality Guidelines (ISQG) was applied to characterize the dredged sediments and assess the potential ecological risk on the environment through multivariate quality indices such as pollution index (Pi), pollution classification (Pc), geo accumulation index(I geo) and potential ecological risk index (RI). The concentration of zinc was observed higher in the sediments from commercially dredge areas (Ajah and Imore). The result obtained classified entire study area as polluted with respect of Pb and Ni, and as contaminated with (Cd, Cu, and Zn) respect of other metals investigated. The overall ecological risk for the six study areas revealed moderate potential risk (110 ? RI < 200), except Imore and Gbelejo which showed low potential risk (RI < 110). The need for regular monitoring by the relevant agencies cannot be overemphasized to ensure sustainable environment.
Conversion of Sign Language To Text And Speech Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Adewale Victoria , Olamiti Adejoke
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Communication with the hearing impaired ( deaf/mute) people is a great challenge in our society today; this can be attributed to the fact that their means of communication (Sign Language or hand gestures at a local level) requires an interpreter at every instance. Conversion of images to text as well as speech can be of great benefit to the non-hearing impaired and hearing impaired people (the deaf/mute) from circadian interaction with images. To effectively achieve this, a sign language (ASL – American Sign Language) image to text as well as speech conversion was aimed at in this research. Methodology: The techniques of image segmentation and feature detection played a crucial role in implementing this system. We formulate the interaction between image segmentation and object recognition in the framework of FAST and SURF algorithms. The system goes through various phases such as data capturing using KINECT sensor, image segmentation, feature detection and extraction from ROI, supervised and unsupervised classification of images with K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN)-algorithms and text-to-speech (TTS) conversion. The combination FAST and SURF with a KNN of 10 also showed that unsupervised learning classification could determine the best matched feature from the existing database. In turn, the best match was converted to text as well as speech. Result: The introduced system achieved a 78% accuracy of unsupervised feature learning. Conclusion: The success of this work can be attributed to the effective classification that has improved the unsupervised feature learning of different images. The pre-determination of the ROI of each image using SURF and FAST, has demonstrated the ability of the proposed algorithm to limit image modelling to relevant region within the image.
ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF SELECTED LOCALLY AVAILABLE VEGETABLES
Authors: Adu Oluwatosin , Ogunrinola Olabisi , Saibu Gbemisola , Fajana Omolade , Ogun Sedoten , Elemo Babajide
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Fairly large scale analyses have been done to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of vegetables and correlation between the various methods of analysis. However, very little has been done to relate the antioxidant capacities of these vegetables with their pH values. This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant capacity of selected widely consumed and locally available vegetables in Nigeria and relate the antioxidant capacity of these vegetables to their pHs. Methods: The vegetables were grouped into “green vegetables”-cucumber cabbage, lettuceand spring onions and “red vegetables”- tomato, scotchbonnet, cayenne pepper and carrot. The pH of these vegetables were determined. Two different methods-2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were used to determine the antioxidant capacity. Results: Results of the pH measurements of “green vegetables” showed a range of 5.84-6.72 while the pH of “red vegetables” ranged from 4.87- 5.66.All vegetables used in this study had pH less than 7 with relatively high antioxidant capacity. Scotch bonnet had consistently high antioxidant activity regardless of the method employed. There was a significant negative relationship (P<0.05; r = -0.365) between the pH and DPPH radical scavenging activity and between the pH and total antioxidant capacity (P<0.05 r =-0.351). There was no significant correlation (P<0.05) between DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity of all vegetables. Conclusion: The pHs of these vegetables were within the acidic range, and antioxidant potential of these vegetables increased with increasing acidity.
ANALYSIS OF PROMISING OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE USE OF GENOME EDITING TECHNOLOGIES IN CATTLE AND PIG INDUSTRY IN TERMS OF SURVIVAL OF YOUNG ANIMALS IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD
Authors:   Federal Budget Institute of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology», Nagornykh A.M. , Tyumentsev A.I. , Tyumentseva M.A. , Akimkin V.G.
Published: November 2020

Throughout his history, man has selected animals that have the most useful features by carrying out their intraspecific crossing leading to the fixation of these features. Survival in the neonatal period has always remained one of the most important factors in breeding animals, and with the advent of genome editing, through which mutations, often negative for health, appear in the genome, the high survival rate of genetically edited animals becomes a paramount issue.
DYNAMICS OF ANTIBODIES TO VARIOUS ANTIGENS OF THE SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS IN PATIENTS WITH CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTION
Authors:   G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Novikova L.I. , Bochkareva S.S. ,   G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Aleshkin A.V. ,   G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Kombarova S.IU. ,   G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Karpov O.E. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Pulin A.A. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Orlova O.A. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Lebedin IU.S. ,   XEMA Co. Ltd, Vorobev A.M. ,   G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mekhtiev E.R.
Published: November 2020

Presence of IgG and IgM antibodies in venous blood of 76 patients with confirmed presence of SARS-CoV-2 was determined. The study was carried out by ELISA using Russian test systems. Revealed different levels of IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD (receptor binding domain of the Spike protein). The level of IgM to RBD did not reach high values, while the level of IgM to N-protein sharply increased in a short period of time to high values by the 3rd week of the disease and decreased only by the 8th week. The dynamics of IgG antibodies to the whole virion antigen and the recombinant spikes was similar, reaching high values at 4-5 weeks of the disease, however, the dynamics of IgG to the N-protein differed, showing a slight increase by the 1st week of the disease and a low level throughout the entire period of observation. Different dynamics of production of IgG and IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD were noted. The amount of IgM to the N-protein increased sharply and reached a high level, while the amount of IgG increased smoothly and did not show a high level. The opposite picture was observed for antibodies to RBD. The characteristic dynamics of IgG, measured using test systems withsorbed whole virion or recombinant spike proteins, suggests duration of the disease
EVALUATION OF ANALYTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TB DIAGNOSTIC REAGENT KITS ON DOMESTIC CONTROL PANEL OF EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT SAMPLES
Authors:   Federal Budget Institute of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology», Litau I.S. , Alvarez Figueroa M.V. , Kazyulina A.A. , Domotenko L.V. ,   State Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Published: November 2020

The WHO tuberculosis eradication strategy includes early diagnosis of the disease through rapid diagnostic tests using molecular diagnostic techniques. For their correct use, it is necessary to improve the quality of laboratory services, including external quality assessment (EQA). In the course of the study on evaluation of analytical characteristics of TB diagnostic kits, 100% sensitivity and specificity are shown on the domestic control panel of EQA samples over a 5-year period. When determining the reproducibility of both sets of reagents, the CV did not exceed 15%.
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY AND OFF-TARGET ACTIVITY OF CRISPR/CAS RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN COMPLEXES
Authors:   Federal Budget Institute of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology», Mikhaylova Y.V. , Tyumentseva M.A. , Shelenkov A.A. , Yanushevich Y.G. , Tyumentsev A.I. , Akimkin V.G.
Published: November 2020

In this study, we assessed the efficiency and off-target activity of the CRISPR/CAS complex with one of the selected guide RNAs using the CIRCLE-seq technology. The gene encoding the human chemokine receptor CCR5 was used as a target sequence for genome editing. The results of this experiment indicate the correct choice of the guide RNA and efficient work of the CRISPR- CAS ribonucleoprotein complex used. CIRCLE-seq technology has shown high sensitivity compared to bioinformatic methods for predicting off-target activity of CRISPR/CAS complexes. We plan to evaluate the efficiency and off-target activity of CRISPR/CAS ribonucleoprotein complexes with other guide RNAs by slightly adjusting the CIRCLE-seq-technology protocol in order to reduce nonspecific DNA breaks and increase the number of reliable reads.
Detection of 2x2 MIMO signals
Authors: Ladvánszky János
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we investigate synchronization and equalization of 2 x 2 MIMO signals. We make a step further than that is described in our patent. In the patent, 3 PLLs and a four-channel adaptive filter was needed. Here we decrease the number of PLLs to two and use an adaptive filter of only four channels. In addition to that, we shortly introduce the filter method and the FFT method as well, for synchronization. False detection cancellation is also mentioned. The so-called 1-bit technique has been compared to our method. After briefly introducing the ideas, detailed Matlab or AWR analyses follow. Input data are real measurements, so the analyses serve also as experimental verifications. We take a glimpse on higher order MIMO and higher order modulations as well.
A formação do analista de relações internacionais e os governos subnacionais brasileiros: um olhar para o Mato Grosso do Sul / The academic training of the International Relations analyst and the Brazilian subnational governments
Authors: Nascimento Rainne Feitoza do , Prado Henrique Sartori de Almeida
Published: November 2020

Este artigo discute a paradiplomacia e a formação acadêmica do analista de Relações Internacionais (RI) no Brasil. Neste sentido, observam-se oportunidades de carreira no mercado de trabalho aos profissionais com habilidades de diálogo entre o espaço local e global. O estudo traz uma contribuição empírica com o objetivo de observar se existe consonância entre a formação acadêmica e demanda profissional, além de um com foco especial para o estado do Mato Grosso do Sul.  Abstract: This article discusses the paradiplomacy and the academic training of the analyst of International Relations (IR) in Brazil. In this sense, there are career opportunities in the job market for professionals with skills for dialogue between local and global spaces. The study provides an empirical contribution in order to observe whether there is consonance between the academic and professional demand, with special focus in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
Luigi Einaudi, Federalista
Authors: Bobbio Norberto
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the thought of Luigi Einaudi on the subject of European federalism, both from the point of view of various einaudianos written on the subject and from the point of view of the tradition of European federalist thought.
Design of Living Barriers to Reduce the Impacts of Snowdrifts on Illinois Freeways
Authors: Petrie John ,   Washington State University, Qi Yan ,   Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Cornwell Mark ,   Sustainable Salting Solutions, LLC, Al Adib Sarker Md ,   Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Biswas Pranesh ,   Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Du Sen ,   Washington State University, Shi Xianming ,   Washington State University
Published: November 2020

Blowing snow accounts for a large part of Illinois Department of Transportation’s total winter maintenance expenditures. This project aims to develop recommendations on the design and placement of living snow fences (LSFs) to minimize snowdrift on Illinois highways. The research team examined historical IDOT data for resource expenditures, conducted a literature review and survey of northern agencies, developed and validated a numerical model, field tested selected LSFs, and used a model to assist LSF design. Field testing revealed that the proper snow fence setback distance should consider the local prevailing winter weather conditions, and snow fences within the right-of-way could still be beneficial to agencies. A series of numerical simulations of flow around porous fences were performed using Flow-3D, a computational fluid dynamics software. The results of the simulations of the validated model were employed to develop design guidelines for siting LSFs on flat terrain and for those with mild slopes (< 15° from horizontal). Guidance is provided for determining fence setback, wind characteristics, fence orientation, as well as fence height and porosity. Fences comprised of multiple rows are also addressed. For sites with embankments with steeper slopes, guidelines are provided that include a fence at the base and one or more fence on the embankment. The design procedure can use the available right-of-way at a site to determine the appropriate fence characteristics (e.g., height and porosity) to prevent snow deposition on the road. The procedure developed in this work provides an alternative that uses available setback to design the fence. This approach does not consider snow transport over an entire season and may be less effective in years with several large snowfall events, very large single events, or a sequence of small events with little snowmelt in between. However, this procedure is expected to be effective for more frequent snowfall events such as those that occurred over the field-monitoring period. Recommendations were made to facilitate the implementation of research results by IDOT. The recommendations include a proposed process flow for establishing LSFs for Illinois highways, LSF siting and design guidelines (along with a list of suitable plant species for LSFs), as well as other implementation considerations and identified research needs.
ANALISA FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KINERJA PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SEMBIRING TAHUN 2018
Authors: Sitio Sri Sudewi Pratiwi
Published: November 2020

A nurse is someone who has the ability, responsibility and authority to carry out nursing care services at various levels of nursing services. Nursing services provided are in the form of nurse performance and must be based on high ability so that performance supports the implementation of tasks in nursing services. The purpose of this study was to determine the dominant factor related to the performance of nurses in the inpatient room of Sembiring General Hospital in 2018. This type of research was observational analytic with cross sectional approach where the population was all nurses in the inpatient ward of Sembiring General Hospital with a sample size 101 respondents were taken using proportional random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study it was found that from the variables of leadership, work performance, work promotion, incentives, working conditions, work relationships, and workload results obtained workload variables that were significantly related to the performance of nurses in the inpatient ward of Sembiring General Hospital with a value (p -value 0,004) with PR 1,698 (95% CI: 1,186-2,429) has a significant effect on the performance of nurses in the Inpatient Room of the Sembiring General Hospital. Based on the results of the logistic regression test, the most dominant variable was workload with a value (p-value 0.020) and Exp value (B) 2.939 (95%; CI: 1.185-7.291). It is recommended to the Head of the Sembiring General Hospital to pay more attention to the arrangements of nurses' work shifts, nurses' work rotations, job description job descriptions that are in accordance with the competencies and timeliness of nurses' entry and return from work so that in carrying out their work nurses can work effectively.
PENGARUH STRATEGI METAKOGNISI TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MEMBACA TEKS BERBENTUK DESKRIPTIF PADA MAHASISWA MANAJEMEN INFORMASI KESEHATAN INSTITUT KESEHATAN DELI HUSADA DELITUA
Authors: Br Bukit Herawati , Br Ginting Sulastri
Published: November 2020

Doing reading comprehension needs active process in doing. The suitable teaching-learning process must achieve the objective of reading comprehension. In fact, reading skill is not easy. Lecturer should use good strategy in teaching about reading comprehension. It also happens for students that they find some hard in doing reading comprehension well. They can’t get good value for understanding the text meaning. So, the strategy is very useful to solve the difficulties in reading comprehension. This study is concerned with the reading effect about descriptive text through Metacognition strategy application. This study learns about students reading skills in descriptive text. This research is conducted based on experimental quantitative design which has two randomized subject. The population were Health Information Management students at Deli Husada Deli Tua Health Institute grade I, II and III. The random sample was taken from grade I and III as group of experimental and grade II as the control group. In every group was given pre-test and post-test in same test but the experimental group accepted the treatment of Metacognition strategy in the study. The result of this research showed that there was difference between the mean of the group of experimental and the group of control. The statistic calculation showed that t-observed (4.1) is higher than t-table (1.67) for the degree of freedom (df) 58 at the level α = 0.05 level of significance. It proves that Metacognition strategy has significantly effect on students’ reading comprehension in reading descriptive text.
HUBUNGAN SANITASI FISIK RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS KARO KELURAHAN KARO PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Manalu Samuel Marganda , Sembiring Cindy Avrilta
Published: November 2020

The objective of this research is to find out the environment health housing that influencing the numbers of upper respiratory tract infection incidence in children under 5 years old in puskesmas karo. The research was 67 children under 5 years old. Result of this study showed the upper respiratory tract infection incidence in children under 5 years old was 52,2 percent. Over crowed of the room, type of wall and room ventilation had the significant influence to the upper respiratory tract infection incidence of the children under 5 years.