bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of an Elusive Osteoid Osteoma Using a Registration Bone Scan
Authors: WILSON Y. , FOGELMAN I. , EVANS D. M.
Published: September 2005

A case of osteoid osteoma in a young man is presented which evaded diagnosis for 9 years, and was eventually localized to the palmar aspect of the third carpometacarpal joint using the technique of registration bone scan to provide accurate localization. The lesion was removed with complete relief of pain.
Simultaneous Fractures of the Waist and Tuberosity of the Scaphoid
Authors: FRITSCHE E. A. , HORT C. , NOEVER G.
Published: September 2005

We present a case of a double fracture of the scaphoid. A non-displaced transverse fracture of the waist was associated with a displaced fracture of the tuberosity in the same scaphoid. To our knowledge this combination in an acutely fractured scaphoid has been described in only six previous cases.
Bilateral Intraosseous Ganglia of the Scaphoid and Lunate Bones
Authors: KLIGMAN M. , ROFFMAN M.
Published: September 2005

A rare case of simultaneous bilateral intraosseous ganglia of the scaphoid and lunate bones is presented. The cysts were removed and the carpal bones were grafted with cancellous bone, resulting in a satisfactory outcome.
Mechanical Stress In Vitro Induces Increased Expression of MMPs 2 and 9 in Excised Dupuytren’s Disease Tissue
Authors: TARLTON J. F. , MEAGHER P. , BROWN R. A. , McGROUTHER D. A. , BAILEY A. J. , AFOKE A.
Published: September 2005

We have previously shown that the ability to mechanically extend Dupuytren’s contractures in vivo by the Continuous Elongation Technique before surgery resulted in increased metalloproteinase activity. However, under these conditions it was not possible to show whether the response was proportional to the mechanical stimulus or was inflammatory cell mediated. Using an in vitro system of controlled extensions in which inflammatory involvement is absent, we have now shown that there is a clear correlation between the load applied to the tissue and the release of matrix metalloproteinase-2. The subsequent degradation of the collagen results in a loss of mechanical strength reported in the preceding paper.
A Clinical Grading System for Dupuytren’s Contracture
Authors: WOODRUFF M. J. , WALDRAM M. A.
Published: September 2005

A clinical classification for Dupuytren’s contracture of the hand is described. The classification system has been used to sort patients with Dupuytren’s contracture into five broad surgical categories and takes into account predisposing factors, risk of recurrence and sympathetic tone in the individual patient. The system has many advantages in determining the approximate operation time and surgical experience required to treat patients. One hundred and four patients graded by this system have been analysed. There was a broad agreement between expected and actual operating times, with no significant difference between them.
Dupuytren’s Disease in African-Americans
Authors: GONZALEZ M. H. , SOBESKI J. , GRINDEL S. , CHUNPRAPAPH B. , WEINZWEIG N.
Published: September 2005

Seventeen African-American patients were operated on for Dupuytren’s contracture over a 14-year period. Six-month minimum follow-up was available for 16 patients. The initial deformity, and results of surgical release of Dupuytren’s contracture in this population was similar to that described in North Europeans.
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon Transfers in Cerebral Palsy
Authors: WOLF T. M. , CLINKSCALES C. M. , HAMLIN C.
Published: September 2005

Flexor carpi ulnaris tendon transfer to either the extensor carpi radialis longus or extensor carpi radialis brevis has become a standard procedure to improve function in patients with cerebral palsy. In this retrospective study of the procedure, we have compared preoperative and postoperative wrist position, analysed potential outcome predictors and assessed function by objective and subjective measures.

Sixteen children, with flexor carpi ulnaris transfer to extensor carpi radialis longus or brevis or extensor digitorum, were tested at an average follow-up of 4 years (range, 1–9). General resting position improved and the centre of the arc of motion averaged 6° pronation and 9° extension. Subjectively, 14 of 16 parents felt there was an improvement in function, 16 of 16 felt that cosmesis was improved, 14 of 16 would recommend the procedure to others, and 15 of 16 were satisfied overall.
Distribution of Human Pacinian Corpuscles in the Hand
Authors: STARK B. , CARLSTEDT T. , HALLIN R. G. , RISLING M.
Published: September 2005

The subcutaneous distribution and number of Pacinian corpuscles were studied in ten fresh cadaver hands. They were found to cluster close to nerves and vessels at the metacarpophalangeal joints and the proximal phalanx. The total mean number in the hand was 300 (192–424). The percentage of the total was 44 to 60% in the fingers, 23 to 48% in the metacarpophalangeal area and 8 to 18% in the thenar and hypothenar regions. Corpuscles in palmar skin overlying the distal phalanx were smaller than receptors in the metacarpophalangeal area. The lowest density of corpuscles was along the nerves and vessels of the middle phalanx.
A Comparison of 3 and 5 Weeks Immobilization for Older Type 1 and 2 Colles’ Fractures
Authors: HANSEN F. VANG , STAUNSTRUP H. , MIKKELSEN S.
Published: September 2005

In a prospective study of Colles’ fractures, 100 patients with Older type 1 and 2 fractures were randomized in two groups. One group was immobilized for 3 weeks and the other one for 5 weeks. Both groups were immobilized with a below-elbow plaster splint. At 1 year follow-up, there were 73 patients with 74 fractures. Dorsal angulation, radial length, wrist motion, grip strength and pain were measured. There was no significant difference in the measured parameters in the two groups. We found that 3 weeks of immobilization is a satisfactory treatment for Older type 1 and 2 Colles’ fractures.
Arthrography is Superior to Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosing Injuries of the Triangular Fibrocartilage
Authors: SHIONOYA K. , NAKAMURA R. , IMAEDA T. , MAKINO N.
Published: September 2005

The ability of single-injection radiocarpal arthrography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect full-thickness tears of the triangular fibrocartilage were compared with wrist arthroscopy in 102 patients with wrist pain. The sensitivity of arthrography was 85%, and of MRI was 73%. Specificity was 100% for arthrography and 72% for MRI. Accuracy was 92% for arthrography, and 73% for MRI. Although future advances in MRI technology will probably improve its usefulness, single-injection wrist arthrography currently is superior to routine MRI for the detection of full-thickness triangular fibrocartilage tears.
Salvage Procedure for Failed Bowers' Hemiresection Interposition Technique in the Distal Radioulnar Joint
Authors: DEL PINO J. GONZALEZ , FERNANDEZ D. L.
Published: September 2005

Three patients who continued to have distal radioulnar joint pain following Bowers' hemiresection interposition technique were treated by converting the resection arthroplasty into a Sauvé-Kapandji procedure. The resected 10 mm segment from the distal ulnar metaphysis was used as an interposition bone graft in the arthrodesis site, placed between the sigmoid notch of the radius and distal end of the ulna. After a minimum follow-up of 3 years, all three patients were satisfied with the procedure, were pain-free, and the preoperative range of wrist and forearm motion had increased. All three returned to their previous working activities.
Ulnar Impaction Syndrome in the Ulnar Negative and Neutral Wrist
Authors: TOMAINO M. M.
Published: September 2005

Although the ulnar impaction syndrome occurs most commonly in the ulnar positive wrist, it can also occur in wrists with either ulnar negative or neutral variance. Dynamic increases in ulnar variance may accompany forceful grip and pronation, but diagnosis of the ulnar impaction syndrome can be difficult nonetheless. This report further substantiates the occurrence of this problem in wrists with neutral and negative variance, and provides a description of diagnostic findings and pathoanatomy.
Scaphoid Malunion
Authors: FERNANDEZ D. L. , MARTIN C. J. , DEL PINO J. GONZALEZ
Published: September 2005

Three patients with painful malunions of the scaphoid and significant loss of active wrist extension were treated with an opening wedge multiplanar osteotomy that corrected flexion, ulnar deviation, and pronatory rotational malalignment of the distal fragment.

After a minimum follow-up of 4 years, all three patients were satisfied with the procedure and were pain-free. The preoperative range of wrist motion had improved, and they had returned to their preoperative occupations.
Index Finger Lengthening by Gradual Distraction and Bone Grafting
Authors: GORDON A. , PAGE R. , SALEH M.
Published: September 2005

We present the case of an 18-year-old woman with a shortened right index finger. The digit was stabilized and lengthened a total of 18 mm by external fixation and iliac bone grafting. A distal interphalangeal fixed flexion deformity of 60° was corrected with external fixation and intermedullary wiring.
The Motion Analysis System and Goniometry of the Finger Joints
Authors: CHIU H-Y. , SU F. C. , WANG S-T. , HSU H-Y.
Published: September 2005

The application of a video-based motion analysis system for goniometry of finger joints during measurement of the fingertip motion area has been assessed. The results indicate that the motion analysis system is reliable for angular measurements of finger joints that are comparable with those obtained by conventional goniometer. The advantages of using the motion analysis system is that it can record and show the changes in angle of all finger joints continuously during finger motion.
Trigger Wrist and Flexor Tenosynovitis
Authors: SMITH R. D. , O’LEARY S. T. , McCULLOUGH C. J.
Published: September 2005

We report a case of a profundus tendon sheath fibroma which initially presented as triggering on wrist movements but rapidly caused a flexor tenosynovitis limiting both finger and wrist movements. Surgical excision was curative.
Bilateral Congenital Aplasia of the Scaphoid
Authors: PATANKAR H.
Published: September 2005

A case of bilateral congenital aplasia of the carpal scaphoid bone is presented. In contrast to previously reported cases of congenital hypoplasia of the scaphoid, this case was not associated with hypoplasia or absence of thenar and forearm muscles, absence of the sesamoid bones of the thumb, abnormalities of the skeleton of the thumb ray or hypoplasia of the forearm bones.
Arteriovenous Malformation of the Forearm as a Result of a Persistent Median Artery
Authors: KRISHNAMOORTHY L. , MURISON M. S. C. , SYKES P. J.
Published: September 2005

Most arteriovenous malformations usually arise from pre-existing named vessels. We report an unusual variant of an arteriovenous malformation. An 18-year-old man presented with a painful swelling of the right forearm. Arteriograms suggested branches of the anterior interosseous artery were feeding the malformation. Operative findings however, revealed the presence of a persistent median artery, which was contributing branches to the swelling.
Correction of Soft Tissue Contractures of the Wrist Using the Ilizarov Technique
Authors: NIALL D. M. , MURPHY P. G. , FOGARTY E. E. , DOWLING F. E. , MOORE D. P.
Published: September 2005

The Ilizarov technique can allow new histiogenesis of soft tissue as well as bone. Three cases of wrist contracture successfully treated by this method are described. One patient had transient superficial pin site infections. There were no other complications. At 2 years follow-up there was no recurrence of contractures.
Distraction and Microvascular Epiphysis Transfer for Radial Club Hand
Authors: VILKKI S. K.
Published: September 2005

This paper presents a different technique of treatment for Bayne type IV radial club hand using a microvascular joint transfer in order to reconstruct the absent half of the wrist joint, aiming for better movement and stability at the wrist joint with preservation of longitudinal growth. The method uses preoperative soft tissue distraction to obtain proper alignment of the hand on the ulna before the second metatarsophalangeal joint with the whole metatarsal bone is transplanted. The treatment takes about 4 months and the optimum period for surgery is during the second year of life. Pollicization is added later in the normal manner.

The new technique has been used in 12 cases by the author since 1987 and the results of the first nine cases are reported with a mean follow-up of 6 years. This technique appears to be promising but is demanding because of the microvascular joint transplantation at an early age.
Lengthening of a One-Bone Forearm
Authors: TONG C. W. C. , HUNG L. K. , CHENG J. C. Y.
Published: September 2005

An 8-year-old girl presented with marked shortening of the right forearm due to destruction of both the radius and ulna secondary to neonatal osteomyelitis. A one-bone forearm operation was performed to achieve a stable forearm. Two years later, the one-bone forearm was lengthened for 6 months by callus distraction (callotasis) achieving 12 cm of extra length. The patient was last followed up at the age of 16. The appearance and functional outcome of the right upper limb had been improved and she was independent in all activities of daily living.
The Subcutaneous Turn-Over Flap in the Treatment of Difficult Wounds of the Digits
Authors: CAVADAS P. C. , PUERTES-CORELLA L.
Published: September 2005

A series of 18 cases of fasciosubcutaneous reverse flaps used to cover defects of the fingers is reported.
Avascular Necrosis of the Metacarpal Head
Authors: DE SMET L.
Published: September 2005

A case of avascular non-traumatic necrosis of the metacarpal head in a 36-year-old woman is reported. Treatment was by curettage of the necrotic bone and packing with cancellous grafts.
Irreducible Dislocation of the Proximal Inter-Phalangeal Joint of a Finger
Authors: KUNG J. , TOULIOPOLIS S. , CALIGIURI D.
Published: September 2005

We report a patient with an irreducible dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint which was due to entrapment of the head of the proximal phalanx in the opening of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon just proximal to its chiasma.
Stabilization of an Acute Perilunate Dislocation Using the “Tag” Suture Anchor
Authors: REDDY K. J. , PACKER G. J.
Published: September 2005

A case of acute perilunate dislocation associated with acute scapholunate dissociation and acute carpal tunnel syndrome is described in which the treatment was facilitated by the use of the TAG suture anchor.
Palmar Perilunate Fracture-Dislocation of the Carpus
Authors: MASMEJEAN E. H. , ROMANO S. J. , SAFFAR P H.
Published: September 2005

We report an uncommon palmar translunate, transhamate carpal fracture dislocation. CT-scans with three-dimensional reconstruction were most helpful for the assessment of the injury, which was treated operatively through a palmar approach. The lunate and hamate fractures were fixed using mini-screws and the radial styloid fracture and the scaphoid were reduced and stabilized with K-wires.
Suture Anchor Repair of Chronic Radial Ligament Injuries of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Thumb
Authors: McDERMOTT T. P. , LEVIN L. S.
Published: September 2005

Five cases of chronic instability of the radial collateral ligament of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint are presented. All patients were treated using the Mitek suture anchor to reattach the avulsed ligament to bone in its anatomical position. Tendon advancement or graft reinforcement was not used in conjunction with the repair. A stable thumb metacarpophalangeal joint was achieved in each case with no recurrent instability or pain found within 9 months of follow-up. Postoperatively, each patient exhibited a full return to activities of daily living within 2 to 3.5 months. Grip and pinch strength and range of motion were nearly the same as in the uninjured hand. We recommend the Mitek suture anchor as a simple and effective method of repairing the chronic radial collateral ligament injury. The importance of correct anatomical placement of the anchor is stressed, and guidelines for this are discussed.
Apocrine Hidrocystoma of the Finger
Authors: DE FONTAINE S. , VAN GEERTRUYDEN J. , VANDEWEYER E.
Published: September 2005

An apocrine hidrocystoma occurring on the finger of a 55-year-old man is reported. The lesion presented as a solitary, painless cystic nodule on the dorsal aspect of the middle phalanx of the index finger. Apocrine hidrocystoma is a benign tumour developed from apocrine sweat glands, but the location of the lesion was, however, not consistent with reported locations of apocrine glands in the adult.
Thomsen-Friedenreich oncofetal antigen inSchistosoma mansoni: localization and immunogenicity in experimental mouse infection
Authors: THORS C. , JANSSON B. , HELIN H. , LINDER E.
Published: September 2005

Our preliminary observation, that sera from schistosomiasis patients react with carcinomas, raised the possibility of antigenic cross-reactivity. We here extend this observation to show that mice experimentally infected withSchistosoma mansonireact with human urothelial and transitional bladder carcinomas and also with a gastric carcinoma cell line, AGS. To identify cross-reacting epitopes, we looked for the expression of carcinoma markers in schistosome worms and eggs using monoclonal antibodies against tumour antigens MUC1, Tn and TF (also known as the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen or T antigen). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the TF-epitope is present in adult intravascularS. mansoniworms and eggs deposited in tissues of infected animals. The localization of TF-immuno-reactive material in schistosomes was seen at the parasite surface between male and female worms and around trapped eggs in the liver. This localization is consistent with the antigen being secreted. Mice experimentally infected withS. mansoni, developed circulating antibodies against the TF-epitope (identified as Gal(beta1-3) GalNAc-O-R) as seen in ELISA using TF-expressing asialoglycophorin (AGP) as antigen. The observed anti-TF response inS. mansoni-infected mice reflects the complexity of host-parasite interactions in this infection.
Leishmanolysin (gp63 metallopeptidase)-like activity extracellularly released byHerpetomonas samuelpessoai
Authors: ELIAS C. G. R. , PEREIRA F. M. , SILVA B. A. , ALVIANO C. S. , SOARES R. M. A. , SANTOS A. L. S.
Published: September 2005

In previous studies, we showed thatHerpetomonas samuelpessoaiproduced a large amount of a surface-located metallopeptidase that presented similar biochemical properties to that of gp63 fromLeishmaniaspp., which is a well-known virulence factor expressed by these digenetic parasites. The present study aims to identify the proteolytic activity released by livingH. samuelpessoaicells. In this context, the parasites were incubated in phosphate buffer up to 4 h, and the supernatants were obtained by centrifugation and filtration steps and were then applied on SDS–PAGE to determine the secretory protein profile and on gelatin-SDS–PAGE to identify the proteolytic activity. The results demonstrated thatH. samuelpessoaisecreted at least 12 polypeptides and an extracellular peptidase of 66 kDa. This enzyme had its activity diminished by 1,10-phenanthroline, EDTA and EGTA. This metallopeptidase was active in a broad spectrum of pH, showing maximum activity at pH 6·0 at 37 °C. Casein was also cleaved by this secretory proteolytic enzyme, while bovine serum albumin and haemoglobin were not degraded under these conditions. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry using anti-gp63 antibody against leishmanolysin ofL. amazonensisdemonstrated the presence of similar molecules on the cell-surface ofH. samuelpessoai. Moreover, immunoblot analysis showed the presence of a reactive polypeptide in the cellular extract and in the supernatant fluid ofH. samuelpessoai, which suggests immunological similarities between these two distinct trypanosomatids. The zinc-metallopeptidase inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline was able to inhibit the secretion of the 66 kDa metallopeptidase in a dose-dependent manner, while the phospholipase C inhibitor (p-CMPS) did not alter the secretion pattern. Additionally, anti-cross-reacting determinant (CRD) antibody failed to recognize any secreted polypeptide fromH. samuelpessoai. Collectively, these results suggest that the gp63-like molecule was released from theH. samuelpessoaisurface by proteolysis instead of phospholipolysis, in a similar mechanism to that observed inLeishmania.
PERENNIAL QUESTIONS
Authors: Clifford Robert
Published: September 2005

In his essay ‘What are twelve-note rows really for?’ (Tempo, Vol. 57, No. 225, July 2003, p. 36), Michael Graubart suggests that ‘twelve-note rows may give back to atonal music a goal-directed force and the possibility of closure’. He argues that by using a row, composers set up a pattern that can ultimately provide a sense of completion or closure to an atonal piece, although he admits that listeners may have trouble recognizing this completion. Closure in tonal music is in fact a powerful musical force, but one whose strength depends largely upon the hierarchy found in tonal melody and harmony. Consider the closure at the end of a piece. It is here that an authentic cadence signals the coming to rest of large-scale musical forces, both melodic and harmonic, on several levels of structure. We might make analogies, as Graubart does, between tonal closure and the pattern-completion possible with a twelve-note row, but one wonders if any row, or any twelve-note piece for that matter, can provide the type of multi-level completion that is possible within the tonal hierarchy.
John Tavener round-up
Authors: Conway Paul
Published: September 2005

JOHN TAVENER: The Veil of the Temple. Choir of the Temple Church, Holst Singers, Patricia Rozaro (sop) c. Stephen Layton. RCA 82876661542.

TAVENER: Lament for Jerusalem. Patricia Rozario (sop), Christopher Joey (counter-ten), Sydney Philharmonic Chorus, Australian Youth Orchestra c. Thomas Woods. ABC Classics 476 160–5.

TAVENER: Birthday Sleep; Butterfly Dreams; The Second Coming; Schuon Hymen; As one who has slept; The Bridal Chamber; Exhortation and Kohima; Shunya. Polyphony c. Stephen Layton. Hyperion CDA67475.
London, Morley College and Leighton House: Mátyás Seiber celebrations
Authors: Gibbs Alan
Published: September 2005

With Tippett and Rawsthorne centenaries this year, Mátyás Seiber's (1905–60) might have been overlooked, but Morley College, prompted by the composer's daughter Julia, made sure it was not with a well-devised festival comprising four concerts, two lectures (by Michael Graubart and Hugh Wood – both names familiar to Tempo readers, and the latter currently especially featured) and an exhibition. Seiber was one of a number of continental arrivals, the others including Gerhard and Reizenstein, who remained here to our considerable benefit, in Seiber's case becoming a much sought-after teacher of composition. Morley was a fitting focus for the celebrations, having welcomed him onto the staff in 1942 after more august, and blinkered, institutions had shown no interest. The subtitle of the festival – ‘From blue notes to twelve notes’ – neatly encapsulated his wide ambit. As Robert Hanson pointed out in his notes, ‘his refusal to accept the mutual exclusiveness of different types of musical study and practice, first shown publicly in his jazz course at Frankfurt, came to typify the man’. This is in direct line with the Morley philosophy since the days of Dr Hanson's reforming predecessor Gustav Holst, who is reported in the College's magazine of December 1917 to have insisted that the terms ‘classical’ and ‘popular’ were misleading: there was only ‘good’ and ‘bad’ music. (The danger now, as Wood pertinently observed, is that students reluctant to accept the authority of the teacher prefer to think their own opinions equally valid. Seiber would have had no truck with such self-deception. Ruthlessly honest yet tactful in discussing a student's work, he adopted the Socratic approach by indicating a passage and asking ‘why did you do that?’ After listening patiently to the reply, he would quietly explain the fault and request a revision for the next lesson.) Sadly, older pupils like Fricker, Milner and Banks are not around to discuss how he would see an extended piece through to completion. But more recent ones were present at the festival, including Graubart and Anthony Gilbert (also featured in Tempo recently), who can corroborate Wood's testimony to Seiber's belief that composition should be taught as a discipline grounded in tradition and the classics, backed up by thorough analysis and imitation of Bach inventions and Haydn minuets.
Music by women composers
Authors: Rickards Guy
Published: September 2005

HOWELL: Violin Sonata in F minor; Rosalind for violin & piano; Piano Sonata in E minor; Humoresque for piano; 5 Studies for piano. Lorraine McAslan (vln), Sophia Rahman (pno). Dutton Epoch CDLX 7144.

BACEWICZ: Violin Sonatas Nos. 4–5; Oberek No. 1; Sonata No. 2 for violin solo; Partita; Capriccio; Polish Capriccio. Joanna Kurkowicz (v;n), Gloria Chien (pno). Chandos CHAN 10250.

MARIC: Byzantine Concerto1; Cantata: Threshold of Dream2,3,6; Ostinato Super Thema Octoïcha4–6; Cantata: Song of Space7. 1Olga Jovanovic (pno), Belgrade PO c. Oskar Danon, 2Dragoslava Nikolic (sop, alto), 3Jovan Milicevic (narr), 4Ljubica Maric (pno), 5Josip Pikelj (hp), 6Radio-TV Belgrade CO c. Oskar Danon, 7Radio-TV Belgrade Mixed Choir & SO c. Mladen Jagušt. Chandos Historical 10267H.

MUSGRAVE: For the Time Being: Advent1; Black Tambourine2–3; John Cook; On the Underground Sets1–3. 1Michael York (narr), 2Walter Hirse (pno), 3Richard Fitz, Rex Benincasa (perc),New York Virtuoso Singers c. Harold Rosenbaum. Bridge 9161.

KUI DONG: Earth, Water, Wood, Metal, Fire1; Pangu's Song2; Blue Melody3; Crossing (electronic/computer tape music); Three Voices4. 1Sarah Cahill (pno), 2Tod Brody (fl), Daniel Kennedy (perc), 3San Francisco Contemporary Music Players c. Olly Wilson, 4Hong Wang (Chinese fiddle), Ann Yao (Chinese zither), Chen Tao (bamboo fl). New World 80620-2.

FIRSOVA: The Mandelstam Cantatas: Forest Walks, op. 36; Earthly Life, op. 31; Before the Thunderstorm, op. 70. Ekaterina Kichigina (sop), Studio for New Music Moscow c. Igor Dronov. Megadisc MDC 7816.

KATS-CHERNIN: Ragtime & Blues. Sarah Nicholls (pno). Nicola Sweeney (vln). Signum SIGCD058.

CHAMBERS: A Mass for Mass Trombones. Thomas Hutchinson (trb), Ensemble of 76 trombones c. David Gilbert. Centaur CRC 2263.
The Music of Richard Allain
Authors: Barlow Jill
Published: September 2005

RICHARD ALLAIN : ‘When I'm Gone’ – choral works performed by Laudibus (Chamber Choir) and National Youth Choir of Great Britain, c. Mike Brewer. Delphian DCD34026.
Neonatal hemodynamics in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Huhta James C.
Published: September 2005

The neonate with hypoplastic left heart syndrome presents a challenge for clinical diagnosis and management. Three diagnostic goals must be met. First, it is necessary to make an etiologic cardiac diagnosis so as to rule out any genetic abnormality. Second, the anatomic cardiac diagnosis is made by segmental echocardiographic analysis, including details of the atrial arrangement, venous return, the patency of the arterial duct, atrial anatomy, and the arrangement of the aortic arch. Finally, the physiologic cardiac diagnosis is made by Doppler evaluation. In some patients, the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome is not synonymous with functionally univentricular physiology, and a bi-ventricular repair can be achieved.1
The Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Jacobs Marshall L.
Published: September 2005

Evolution of staged surgical management

Among the earliest reported attempts at palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome were those described by Cayler et al. in 1970,1and Freedom et al. in 1977.2Each case involved separate banding of the right and left pulmonary arteries, together with the construction of a direct aortopulmonary shunt. These two babies, one with critical aortic stenosis, and one with aortic atresia and ventricular septal defect, survived initial palliation but died without more definitive surgery. The separate banding of the pulmonary arteries had resulted in distortion of the distal pulmonary arterial branches and abnormal distribution of flow. Litwin et al.,3in 1972, performed an operation for interrupted aortic arch in which a non-valved conduit was placed from the pulmonary trunk proximally to the descending thoracic aorta, and the pulmonary trunk was banded distal to the conduit. The one survivor again manifested severe distortion of the pulmonary arteries, and developed pulmonary vascular obstructive disease. An operation fundamentally similar to this, nonetheless, was subsequently used by several surgeons in an attempt to treat neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. These included Albert et al. in 1978, and Mohri in 1979.
Neonatal physiology of the functionally univentricular heart
Authors: Nelson David P. , Schwartz Steven M. , Chang Anthony C.
Published: September 2005

The term “functionally single ventricle” includes a variety of congenital cardiac anomalies where there is only one ventricle pumping blood to the systemic and pulmonary circulations. The physiology in this arrangement is a considerable challenge for the cardiac specialist, because the complexity encountered in patients with these lesions necessitates particularly specialized medical and surgical management. Patients with such functionally univentricular physiology often respond to common interventions, such as supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and vasoactive drugs, differently than patients with conventional circulations.1Furthermore, these patients tend to be encountered more frequently by pediatricians and cardiologists because they undergo multiple operations, may be more adversely affected by intercurrent illnesses, or have chronic cardiac problems requiring frequent attention. A thorough understanding of the complexities of the physiology encountered is thus imperative for the pediatric cardiologist. In this review, we will address important physiologic and anatomic principles that influence care of neonates with functionally univentricular hearts. Although the anatomy and physiology of each reconstructive stage of palliation are unique, we will focus upon the pre- and post-operative physiology as encountered in the neonate.
Achieving resonance in a programme for congenital cardiac surgery
Authors: Burke Redmond P. , Zahn Evan M. , Rossi Anthony F.
Published: September 2005

In 1995, Miami Children's Hospital recognized an institutional problem with its programme providing surgical treatment for congenital cardiac malformations. There was a high rate of mortality for neonatal surgery, and no patients had survived attempted first stage palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The hospital enlisted nationally recognized consultants in congenital cardiac surgery and cardiology to review the existing programme, and to make recommendations for improvement. Based on these recommendations, a new team was recruited. The recruits were a young attending surgeon, an interventional cardiologist, and a cardiac intensivist, attracted from recognized centers of excellence in Boston and Toronto.
Rebuttal
Authors: Jacobs Marshall L.
Published: September 2005

As I had hoped and anticipated, the previous contributions have shown that Len and I are involved in a debate, but not an argument. As I am asked in this rebuttal to respond to some of the very important points that Len has made, I shall do so. I think that he was very accurate in distilling, from the study of outcomes over 15 years in Philadelphia, the message that late attrition was quite low. Of the first cohort in that study, undergoing surgery way back in 1984, less than one-third survived. As those of you who are familiar with the study now, it has improved steadily, so that now at least four-fifths of those undergoing first stage palliations survive. But what is really important is that those children who got out to 5 years usually got out to 10. And nearly all of those that got out to 10 years were alive at 15 years. I have already pointed to evidence that rates of survival with respect to initial surgical palliation are improving steadily at centers throughout the United States of America, and also around the world. So that, were it not for the shortage of donor organs, we could get together again in a decade or two from now and debate the merits of these two forms of therapy based on a comparison of the late morbidities associated with the creation of the Fontan circulation, such as sinus nodal dysfunction, protein losing enteropathy, thromboembolic phenomenons, and so on, to those events occurring at later stages associated with organ replacement, such as graft atherosclerosis, lymphoproliferative disorders, late rejection, and so on.
Influence of regional scale information on the global circulation: A two‐way nesting climate simulation
Authors: Lorenz Philip , Jacob Daniela
Published: September 2005

The influence of regional scale information on the global circulation has been investigated through the development and application of the so‐called “two‐way nesting” technique. The two‐way nesting climate model system consists of a spectral atmospheric general circulation model and a grid point regional atmospheric model. Two simulations of 10 years each have been carried out with and without the feedback of the regional model to the global model. For the regional model domain the Maritime Continent covering the tropical area of the Indonesian islands has been selected as a key region influencing the global climate. The analysis of the global atmospheric temperature field shows a clear improvement through the regional model feedback; the systematic error with respect to re‐analysis data can be reduced even in regions far away from the regional model domain.
Theoretical examination of a multi‐model composite for seasonal prediction
Authors: Yoo Jin Ho , Kang In‐Sik
Published: September 2005

The performance of a multi‐model composite for seasonal prediction is theoretically examined in terms of a correlation skill. On the basis of theoretical analysis, we discuss the improvement of skill in the multi‐model composite using the APCN multi‐model seasonal prediction dataset. Although the skill of multi‐model composite is generally increased by increasing the number of models, the highest skill can be obtained by selecting several skillful models which are less dependent each other.
AC Electrocorticographic Correlates of Peri-Infarct Depolarizations during Transient Focal Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: Hartings Jed A , Tortella Frank C , Rolli Michael L
Published: September 2005

Several studies have highlighted a delayed secondary pathology developing after reperfusion in animals subjected to prolonged cerebral ischemia, and recently we have shown that peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) occur not only during ischemia, but also in this delayed period of infarct maturation. Here we study the electrocorticographic (ECoG) manifestations of PIDs as signatures of developing secondary pathology. DC- and traditional AC-ECoG signals were recorded continuously from epidural, nonpolarizable electrodes during 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and 22 h of reperfusion in freely behaving rats. During MCAo, seizures and PIDs recurred frequently and their incidence was significantly correlated. After reperfusion, seizures and PIDs ceased, and for the next several hours delta wave abnormalities dominated the ECoG with progressively increasing amplitude. After a variable period (5 to 15 h), the ECoG amplitude decremented with the onset of a prolonged repetitive series of PIDs. Initial PIDs in this delayed phase produced transient depressions of the high amplitude ECoG signal, but thereafter the ECoG was persistently attenuated, with no transient depressions during subsequent PIDs. The time of onset of postreperfusion PIDs, and hence measures of ECoG attenuation, correlated with 24 h infarct volumes. PIDs could always be detected in baseline shifts of the AC-ECoG signal with a low high-pass cutoff setting. These results suggest that delayed PIDs after reperfusion contribute to a complex secondary pathology involving delayed edema, intracranial hypertension, and hypoperfusion. The manifestation of PIDs in ECoG/electroencephalography recordings may enable continuous real-time monitoring of infarct progression.
Signatures of quantum behavior in the microscopic dynamics of liquid hydrogen and deuterium
Authors: Cunsolo A. , Colognesi D. , Sampoli M. , Senesi R. , Verbeni R.
Published: September 2005

We discuss the microscopic dynamics and structure of liquid hydrogen and deuterium, as probed by inelastic x-ray scattering measurements. Samples are kept in corresponding thermodynamic conditions, at which classical systems are expected to exhibit the same dynamic and static responses. On the contrary, we observe clear differences revealing the onset of quantum deviations, both in the broadening of inelastic excitations and in the position of the first sharp diffraction peak. These features are discussed, compared to path-integral Monte Carlo simulations, and finally associated with the different de Broglie wavelengths of the two isotopes.
Off-normal incidence dissociative sticking of H2 on Cu(100) studied using six-dimensional quantum calculations
Authors: van Harrevelt Rob , Manthe Uwe
Published: September 2005

Six-dimensional quantum calculations of the sticking probability for H2 hitting a Cu(100) surface with off-normal incidence are presented. The multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree approach is employed for an efficient wave-packet propagation. The sticking probability is calculated for different initial momenta parallel to the surface. In contrast with the picture described in the literature, the sticking probability was found to depend on the parallel momentum. The results are explained by the topology of the potential-energy surface, which shows significant corrugation with a moderate variation of the barrier height with the surface site.
Femtosecond laser assisted growth of ZnO nanowires
Authors: Zhang Yanfeng , Russo Richard E. , Mao Samuel S.
Published: September 2005

Crystalline ZnO nanowires were grown by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) approach using a femtosecond laser as the ablation source. As determined by electron microscopy, the femtosecond PLD grown ZnO nanowires showed good crystalline characteristics and reasonably uniform diameters, which can be attributed to the homogeneity of femtosecond laser produced precursor vapor in which micron sized particulates are minimal. Photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements indicated a low threshold for lasing at room temperature. In addition, we examined the influence of oxygen partial pressure during the PLD growth process on the morphology and photoluminescence property of ZnO nanowires.
Polychromatic light emission from single InGaN quantum wells grown on pyramidal GaN facets
Authors: Srinivasan S. , Stevens M. , Ponce F. A. , Mukai T.
Published: September 2005

We have studied the properties of InGaN∕GaN quantum wells grown on epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN stripes. The stripes have a triangular cross section due to {112¯2} crystalline facets. We have observed that the integrated light emission from such structures is uniformly polychromatic over a wide range of the visible spectrum. Using cathodoluminescence techniques, we find that the local emission wavelength increases steadily along the facets, in the direction away from the substrate. The gradient in the emission wavelength is related to the dependence of the quantum well width on the relative position along the facet. The continuous variation of the quantum well properties causes a uniform, polychromatic luminescence band. For some conditions, such distribution can resemble solar-white light emission. This approach can be used to produce an integrated white light source for monolithically integrated white light-emitting diodes.
Analyzing the Compaction of High-Porosity Microscopic Agglomerates
Authors: Heim Lars-Oliver , Butt Hans-Jürgen , Schräpler Rainer , Blum Jürgen
Published: September 2005

Highly porous agglomerates of silica microspheres (1.5 µm diameter) with a porosity of 0.85, formed by random ballistic hit-and-stick deposition, were deformed inside a scanning electron microscope using the cantilever of an atomic force microscope. The applied force and structural deformations with single particle resolution could be obtained simultaneously. First results indicate that whole blocks of many particles move collectively upon compression. Within these blocks the relative positions of the particles remain fixed. This results in a discontinuous force–compression curve.
Improving Child Nutrition? The Integrated Child Development Services in India
Authors: Lokshin Michael , Das Gupta Monica , Gragnolati Michele , Ivaschenko Oleksiy
Published: September 2005

Levels of child malnutrition in India have fallen only slowly during the 1990s, despite significant economic growth and considerable expenditure on the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme, of which the major component is supplementary feeding for malnourished children. To begin to unravel this puzzle, this article assesses the programme's placement and its outcomes, using NFHS data from 1992 and 1998. The authors find that programme placement is clearly regressive across states. The states with the greatest need for the programme — the poor Northern states which account for nearly half of India's population and which suffer from high levels of child malnutrition — have the lowest programme coverage and the lowest budgetary allocations from the central government. Programme placement within states is more progressive: poorer and larger villages have a higher probability of having an ICDS centre, as do those with other development programmes or community associations. In terms of outcomes, the authors find little evidence of programme impact on child nutrition status in villages with ICDS centres.
Militarization of the Market and Rent‐Seeking Coalitions in Turkey
Authors: Demir Fırat
Published: September 2005

This article analyses the role of historically‐determined institutional and political characteristics in determining both the nature of the adjustment process, and its economic and political outcomes, in Turkey. In particular, the author explores the degree to which the formation of rent‐seeking coalitions has contributed to the failure of neo‐liberal economic reforms in the country. The analysis suggests that the Turkish experience since the early 1980s offers a unique case for studying the relationships between the state bureaucracy, the military, the business sector, civil society, and international economic actors. Unlike previous research in this area, this article focuses especially on the role of the military as an interest group in the process of economic liberalization in Turkey.
Development, Transition and Globalization in China's Coal Industry
Authors: Rui Huaichuan
Published: September 2005

The coal industry has proved to be one of the most strategically important but also one of the most problematic industries in China. Closing small township and village owned (TVE) coalmines, declaring loss‐making state‐owned (SOE) mines bankrupt, and building up modern coal corporations are all causing huge difficulties for the government. The main reason for the problems now facing the industry is the fact that TVEs, SOEs and coal corporations were encouraged to meet different needs at different times and now all face different challenges from development, transition and globalization. This article uses research from the three major categories of coal companies in China to demonstrate that, while these three parallel challenges do necessitate reform in the industry, this reform must be handled cautiously, innovatively and in a balanced way.
Patch exploitation strategy by an egg parasitoid in constant or variable environment
Authors: Van Baaren Joan , Boivin Guy , Outreman Yannick
Published: September 2005

Abstract.  1. In this paper, the foraging behaviour (the proximal mechanisms involved in patch‐leaving rules and the egg dispersion) of an egg parasitoid, Anaphes victus, was analysed in environments containing either patches of constant quality (i.e. predictable environment) or patches of variable quality (i.e. unpredictable environment) in order to determine the motivational mechanisms used in patch‐leaving strategies.

2. Comparison of the patch exploitation strategy of A. victus between the different habitats suggested that the response of A. victus to a given patch quality strongly depended on its past experiences. Females allocated more time and more eggs in a mixed quality patch after experiencing a poor quality patch than after experiencing a good quality patch. In a poor quality patch, females superparasitised more frequently after experiencing a poor quality patch than after experiencing a good quality patch. In a good quality patch, A. victus females laid more eggs after having visited two poor quality patches than after visiting good quality patches.

3. Recent foraging experiences are used to estimate both the availability and spatial distribution of hosts in the environment and adjust foraging decisions accordingly. The observed variability in the patch‐leaving rules within the same species stresses the importance of previous experience when describing behaviours of female parasitoids.
Competition with filamentous fungi and its implication for a gregarious lifestyle in insects living on ephemeral resources
Authors: Rohlfs Marko , Obmann Björn , Petersen Ralf
Published: September 2005

Abstract. 1. Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of positive density dependence in the survival and development ofDrosophila(the so‐called Allee effect); however the underlying mechanisms of such Allee effects have remained elusive. Competition with filamentous fungi have often been suggested to be involved in causing high mortality at low larval density, but it has not yet been explicitly tested if the well known spatial aggregation of insect eggs yields a fitness benefit for the developing larvae in the presence of noxious moulds.

2. UsingDrosophila melanogaster, the present study tested whether larval survival is greater in aggregations when confronted with various combinations of three representative mould species (Aspergillus,Alternaria, andPenicillium) and a head start for fungal development.

3. High rates of fungal‐dependent mortality and significant positive density‐dependent larval survival (i.e. Allee effects) were observed when larvae were confronted with food resources containing established colonies ofAspergillusorAlternaria. Neither the simultaneous transfer ofAspergillusorAlternariaspores with larvae to food patches nor food infections withPenicilliumaffected insect larval development.

4. Significant correlations between mould growth and larval survival could be identified, although the patterns that emerged were shown to be inconsistent when the effects were compared between fungal species and fungal priority. Because mould growth only partly explained larval survival, the influence of other fungal‐borne factors, e.g. mycotoxins, needs to be elucidated in order to understand the mechanistic basis of insect–mould interactions.

5. These results are the first to argue convincingly for moulds being involved in mediating Allee effects for insects on ephemeral resources; however they also demonstrate an unexpected diversity in insect–mould interactions. Considering this diversity may be important in understanding insect spatial ecology.