bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood Maltreatment and Borderline Personality Disorder: The Mediating Role of Difficulties with Emotion Regulation
Authors: Bertele Nina , Talmon Anat , Gross James J. , Schmahl Christian , Schmitz Marius , Niedtfeld Inga
Published: June 2022

Exposure to childhood maltreatment (CM) increases the risk of developing borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, it remains unclear what mechanisms might mediate this link. One candidate of interest is difficulties with emotion regulation. This study aims to examine the pattern of relations among CM, difficulties with emotion regulation, and the risk of developing BPD. A total of 162 individuals diagnosed with current BPD and 162 matched healthy controls completed self-reported questionnaires assessing CM and difficulties with emotion regulation. The authors found high correlations between CM and BPD diagnosis (r = .73, p < .001). Difficulties with emotion regulation were found to mediate the link between CM and BPD diagnosis (p < .001). Results suggest that CM may play a key role in the etiology of BPD and that difficulties with emotion regulation might be a mediating component between CM and BPD.
Making More From Less in a Corona-Encircled Analytic Frame and Situation
Authors: Israelstam Ken
Published: June 2022

The author describes how the parasitic coronavirus encircled and disrupted the analytic frame and situation, activating anxiety in both therapist and patient. A patient is described with core intimacy difficulties whose primitive anxieties manifested in him the dis-regulation of the too-far (agoraphobic), too-near (claustrophobic) intimacy dialectic. Drawing on Winnicott, the author describes how these increased dialectic tensions, when contained, created a potentially transformational transitional space that helped to enhance the patient's mental and symbolizing capacity, that is, a capacity to make more from less.
Trait Stereotypes of Scientists as Analytical and Cold Align With Perceptions of Men More Than Women on Both Implicit and Explicit Measures
Authors: McPherson Erin , Banchefsky Sarah , Park Bernadette
Published: June 2022

Previous work using implicit tasks has demonstrated associations at a categorical level between men and science-related words (e.g., chemistry, physics, engineering). The current research explores trait attributes, examining the overlap in trait stereotypes of scientists with trait stereotypes of men and women, using both implicit and explicit stereotyping measures. Study 1 identified traits stereotypically associated with scientists along the analytic and cold dimensions, and counterstereotypic traits on unquestioning and warm dimensions. Study 2 demonstrated strong gender-scientist stereotypes on both explicit and implicit measures such that men were seen as more analytic and cold and less unquestioning and warm than women. Although robust effects were observed on both types of measures, their correlation was weak and nonsignificant. The misfit between trait perceptions of scientists and women, whether measured implicitly or explicitly, suggests trait stereotypes help maintain the gender imbalance in physical science fields.
One Fee, Two Fees; Red Fee, Blue Fee: People Use the Valence of Others’ Speech in Social Relational Judgments
Authors: Sloman Sabina J. , Oppenheimer Daniel M. , DeDeo Simon
Published: June 2022

We present an empirical demonstration that people rely on linguistic valence as a direct cue to a speaker’s group membership. Members of the U.S. voting public judge positive words as more likely to be spoken by members of their political in-group, and negative words as more likely to be spoken by members of their political out-group (three studies with 655 participants). We further find that participants perceive pluralized forms of nouns as more extremely valenced than singular forms (one study with 280 participants). This allowed us to control for the semantic content of words while eliciting systematic differences in the source attributions made by partisans. Our work contributes to both theory and methodology used to understand the linguistic cues people use to make social relational judgments.
Elements of agroecological pest and disease management
Authors: Belmain Steven R. , Tembo Yolice , Mkindi Angela G. , Arnold Sarah E. J. , Stevenson Philip C.
Published: June 2022

The development of large-scale monocropped agrisystems has facilitated increased problems with pests and diseases, perpetuating the reliance of farmers on synthetic pesticides. The economic success of synthetic inputs has, however, been achieved at a high cost to the environment through the loss of biodiversity, depletion of soil quality, greenhouse gas emissions, and disrupting the ecosystem services that can otherwise help mitigate losses caused by pests and diseases. Environmentally benign alternatives for pest and disease management are urgently needed and are now widely recognized as essential for sustainable food and agriculture. The Food and Agriculture Organization, for example, has published the 10 elements of agroecology as a framework for the transformation of agriculture. Agroecology combines ecological and social concepts and principles to develop sustainable food and agricultural systems by harnessing nature-based solutions that are tailored to farmers’ needs. Plant-based biopesticides, for example, offer an alternative to synthetic pesticides that are less harmful to the environment and nonpersistent, yet effective at managing pests and have a long tradition of use among farmers so are more socially acceptable. Here, we provide a critical assessment of how nature-based approaches to pest and disease management comply with the 10 elements of agroecology and show how they integrate with other ecosystem services through farmer participatory research. We conclude that the adoption of nature-based solutions for pest management addresses all 10 elements of agroecology and provides an entry point to promote sustainable farming practices among farmers more widely.
Another case of milk–alkali syndrome or a learning opportunity?
Authors: Bondje Sophie , Barnes Camilla , Kaplan Felicity
Published: June 2022

Milk–alkali syndrome (MAS) is a triad of hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis and renal insufficiency. In this study, we present a case of milk–alkali syndrome secondary to concurrent use of over-the-counter (OTC) calcium carbonate-containing antacid tablets (Rennie®) for dyspepsia and calcium carbonate with vitamin D3 (Adcal D3) for osteoporosis. A 72-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, constipation, lethargy and mild delirium. Past medical history included osteoporosis treated with daily Adcal D3. Initial blood tests showed elevated serum-adjusted calcium of 3.77 mmol/L (normal range, 2.2–2.6) and creatinine of 292 µmol/L (45–84) from a baseline of 84. This was corrected with i.v. pamidronate and i.v. fluids. She developed asymptomatic hypocalcaemia and rebound hyperparathyroidism. Myeloma screen, vasculitis screen and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) were normal, while the CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis showed renal stones but no malignancy. A bone marrow biopsy showed no evidence of malignancy. Once the delirium resolved, we established that prior to admission, she had been excessively self-medicating with over-the-counter antacids (Rennie®) as required for epigastric pain. The increasing use of calcium preparations for the management of osteoporosis in addition to easily available OTC dyspepsia preparations has made MAS the third most common cause of hypercalcaemia hospitalisations. Educating patients and healthcare professionals on the risks associated with these seemingly safe medications is required. Appropriate warning labels on both calcium preparations used in the management of osteoporosis and OTC calcium-containing preparations would prevent further similar cases and unnecessary morbidity and hospital admission.

Learning points

What is known?

An association between high-dose calcium supplementation and hypercalcaemia crisis has been seen in case studies.

After as little as 1 week of excessive calcium carbonate ingestion, patients can present with symptomatic hypercalcemia, acute renal failure and metabolic alkalosis (1).

Women aged 50 and younger need 1 g of calcium per day, while aged 51 and older need 1.2 g (1).

Although the amount of calcium required for MAS
is generally thought to be more than 4 g per day, there have been reports at intakes as low as 1.0–1.5 g per day in pre-existing risk factors including renal impairment (2).

What this study adds?

The danger of excessive ingestion of antacid is not adequately highlighted to prescribers and patients.

Appropriate warning labels on OTC calcium-containing preparations could prevent unnecessary morbidity and hospital admission.
Launch of New Journal - An Announcement
Authors: Bioscientifica
Published: June 2022

Bioscientifica is delighted to announce the launch of a new journal, Redox Experimental Medicine. The journal will be fully open access and will be open for submissions from July 2022.
Libro de texto para la Reanimacion Neonatal
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: June 2022

La NRP, 8ª Edición, introduce una nueva metodología educativa para mejor satisfacer las necesidades de los profesionales de la salud que gestionan al recién nacido. Disponible para comprar en https://shop.aap.org/texto-de-reanimacion-neonatal-8a-edicion-paperback/
Fetal Growth and Intrauterine Epigenetic Programming of Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease
Authors: Harary David , Akinyemi Ayodele , Charron Maureen J. , Fuloria Mamta
Published: June 2022

Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between an adverse intrauterine environment (eg, exposure to malnutrition) and an increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. These studies laid the foundation for the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, which states that limited nutrient supply to the fetus results in physiologic and metabolic adaptations that favor survival but result in unfavorable consequences in the offspring if there is excess nutrition after birth. This discrepancy in the pre- and postnatal milieus, perceived as stress by the offspring, may confer an increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disease later in life. Thus, early life exposures result in programming or changes in cellular memory that have effects on health throughout the life course. One of the mechanisms by which programming occurs is via epigenetic modifications of genes, processes that result in functionally relevant changes in genes (ie, gene expression) without an alteration in the genotype. In this review, we will describe how fetal exposures, including under- and overnutrition, affect neonatal and childhood growth and the future risk for cardiometabolic disease.
Arte, cultura y economía alrededor del concepto de los volcanes de Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Calvache Luisa M. , Sánchez John J.
Published: June 2022

El estudio de los usos de los productos volcánicos y el análisis de las relaciones de mutualismo comunidades-volcanes es importante puesto que, por generaciones, productos del volcanismo, como el azufre, la lava y los piroclastos han sido fuente de materiales que se usan en las áreas de la salud, la construcción y la decoración. La extracción y utilización de estos recursos ha impulsado la economía principalmente del sector privado del Departamento de Nariño (Colombia). Asimismo, los volcanes han sido vistos como símbolos, lejos de ser considerados como amenazas, han sido venerados como entes protectores y benefactores a los cuales se les debe respeto. Se reportan 267 observaciones de diferentes formas de representaciones volcánicas, recopiladas durante recorridos de campo en el periodo 2017-2020, de las cuales se conservó evidencia audiovisual. Dichas representaciones se asocian con diferentes contextos, dentro de los cuales los más relevantes son: arte, cultura y música, áreas que en conjunto incluyen el 53.94% de las representaciones. Estas representaciones reflejan el sentido de pertenencia de los nariñenses y resaltan la relación volcán-individuo como una mutualidad que incluye afecto y respeto.
Ranking of addiction journals in eight widely used impact metrics
Authors: Gorman Dennis M. , Huber Chuck
Published: June 2022

Background and aims

Journal metrics assess impact upon the research literature, and are now used to assess individual researchers in hiring and promotion decisions. This study compared the ranking of addiction journals according to eight widely used metrics; assessed the correlations between journal rankings; and assessed changes over time in metric scores.

Methods

Data pertaining to the 2020 scores on eight metrics for 43 journals were obtained and the top 20 ranking in each compared and the correlations between rankings assessed. The Impact Factor was employed to assess changes over time.

Results

Ignoring the two categorization systems used by some metrics, 31 journals appeared in at least one metric top 20 and 11 in all eight. The top rank in each was occupied by one of three journals. Three-quarters of the correlations between rankings were above 6.0. The number of journals with an Impact Factor rose from 23 in 1997 to 38 in 2020, and the journals added tended to focus on addictions other than alcohol and drugs or have a specific focus.

Conclusions and discussion

The results indicate a concentration of journals at the top of the metrics and moderate to strong agreement between them, but almost three-quarters of journals appeared in at least one metric. The longitudinal data reflect both a broadening and specialization of the addiction field. The study limitations include exclusion of some journals and metrics.
Do individuals with children value the future more?
Authors: Horn Dániel , Kiss Hubert János
Published: June 2022

In recent years public and political debate suggested that individuals with children value the future more. We attempt to substantiate the debate, and we use a representative survey to investigate if the number of children (or simply having children) is indeed associated with a higher valuation of the future, which we proxy with an aspect of time preferences, patience. We find that, in general, there is no correlation between having children and patience, though for young women with below-median income there is some weak evidence in line with the conjecture. We also show some evidence that it is not having children that matters, but marital status. More precisely, single women are less patient than other, non-single women.
Myelodysplasiás syndroma ritka társulása chronicus myeloid leukaemiával és transzformációja acut myeloid leukaemiába
Authors: Dombi J. Péter , Csomor Judit , Barborják Zorka , Tímár Botond , Szakál Péter , Szepesi Ágota , Simon Zsófia
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés

Bár a chronicus myeloid leukaemia ritkán társulhat más daganatos betegségekhez, myelodysplasiás syndroma utáni kialakulásáról irodalmi közlést nem találtunk. 71 éves férfi anamnézisében ischaemiás szívbetegség, ulcus ventriculi szerepelt. 2019-ben pancytopenia miatt indult kivizsgálása 5q delécióval járó myelodysplasiás syndromát igazolt, mely miatt lenalidomid kezelést indítottunk, ennek hatására vérképe rendeződött. Nyolc kezelési ciklus után jelentkező leukocytosis felvetette acut myeloid leukaemiába történő transzformáció lehetőségét, azonban a csontvelő vizsgálata chronicus myeloid leukaemiát igazolt, típusos t(9;22) transzlokációval. A korábban igazolt 5q– klón nem volt kimutatható. Nilotinib kezelés indult 2 × 300 mg/nap dózisban és a lenalidomid terápia leállt. Kilenc hónap elteltével ismételten pancytopenia jelentkezett, mely miatt a nilotinib dózisát 2 × 150 mg-ra redukáltuk, és ellenőrző vizsgálatokat végeztünk, ami a CML major molekuláris remissziója mellett az 5q– MDS klón ismételt megjelenését igazolta. Kezelését a redukált dózisú nilotinib mellett a korábban effektív lenalidomid terápiával egészítettük ki, azonban alig két hónap után ismételten jelentős leukocytosist észleltünk, melynek hátterében az MDS acut leukaemiás transzformációja igazolódott. Azacitidine+venetoclax kezelést indítottunk a redukált nilotinib mellett, az első ciklus után végzett ellenőrző vizsgálat jó terápiás választ igazolt, azonban a beteg a második kezelési ciklus során kialakult lázas neutropeniás szövődményben meghalt. Betegünk esetét ritkasága és a diagnosztikus kihívások miatt tartjuk érdemesnek bemutatásra.
Süper Akıllı Toplumlarda Bilgi Hizmetleri
Authors: Sağlam Mukaddes , Çetintaş H. Buluthan
Published: June 2022

Dijital dönüşüm sürecinin başlamasıyla beraber, alışılagelen geleneksel bilgi hizmetlerinin mevcut yapısı ve sunum biçimleri farklı bir boyuta taşınmıştır. Bilgi taşıyıcılarının çeşitlilik göstermesi ve insanların bu tür cihazlara rahatlıkla erişebilmesi geleneksel bilgi hizmetlerini yetersiz kılmış, hizmet sağlayıcılarını farklı çözümler üretmeye zorlamıştır. Bu durum, insan-robot iş birliği ile var edilmeye çalışılan süper akıllı toplumlarda bilgi hizmetlerini mecburi bir değişime neden olmuştur. Toplum 5.0 kavramı teknolojinin sunduğu imkânlardan faydalanarak toplumun refah seviyesini artırmayı ve toplumsal sorunlara teknoloji tabanlı çözümler üretebilmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Toplum 5.0 süper akıllı toplum ifadesini karşılayan eşdeğer bir kelime olup, çalışma kapsamında bu anlamıyla kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, raf ömrü çabuk tükenen teknolojik gelişmeleri küresel gündemle birlikte takip edebilmek ve söz konusu gelişmeler doğrultusunda bilgi merkezlerinde sunulan hizmetlerin yenilenmesi için farkındalık oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Toplum 5.0 projesi, dijital dönüşüm sürecinin etkileri ve süper akıllı toplumlarda bilgi hizmetleri konularını içermektedir.
Characteristics of Visits to Health Centers, 2020
Authors: Santo Loredana , Schappert M. Susan , Ashman. Jill
Published: June 2022

This report examines health center visit rates by various characteristics, like age, sex, insurance status, reason for visit, and services, using data from the 2020 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey—Community Health Centers.
Notes on the seabirds of Gough Island and at sea between Gough and Cape Town, March–June 2021
Authors: Ryan Peter , Oppel Steffen ,   Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Published: June 2022

Relatively little has been reported about the seabirds of Gough Island, central South Atlantic Ocean, from autumn and winter. We report ad hoc observations on the abundance, phenology and moult of seabirds at Gough Island from March to June 2021, and during the voyages between the island and Cape Town, South Africa. At least 43 species of seabirds were recorded: 1 penguin, 8 albatrosses, 5 southern and 1 northern storm petrel, 22 petrels and shearwaters, 1 gannet, 3 terns and 2 skuas. The results are presented as an annotated species list as well as a daily log of species for the voyages to and from the island. More species were seen per day at sea in June than in March, but fewer individuals were recorded in oceanic waters, mainly due to the large numbers of Great Shearwaters Ardenna gravis in March.
Achados de ressonância magnética de encéfalo neonatal: correlação com fatores de risco pré-natais e ultrassonografia transfontanelar
Authors: Sartori Jéssica Tedesco , Ambros Luciana Estacia , Callegaro Giordana Isabela Siqueira
Published: June 2022

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar alterações encontradas nas ressonâncias magnéticas (RMs) encefálicas neonatais, correlacionando com a ultrassonografia transfontanelar (USTF), e descrever os principais fatores de risco encontrados. Materiais e Métodos: Foram avaliados exames de 51 pacientes que realizaram RM utilizando protocolo neonatal durante internação hospitalar, correlacionando com resultados da USTF prévia, sendo utilizada, para minimizar as chances de viés, a última USTF realizada. Os dados foram obtidos de prontuário médico e as imagens foram revisadas por médico radiologista especialista em neuroimagem. Resultados: A população foi composta majoritariamente de recém-nascidos prematuros extremos (21; 41,2%) e de extremo baixo peso (22; 43,1%). Foram encontradas alterações em 16 (31,4%) das USTFs e em 30 (58,8%) das RMs, sendo a hemorragia da matriz germinativa o achado mais frequente. Os valores preditivos positivo e negativo da USTF em relação à RM foram de 87% e 54%, respectivamente. Conclusão: A USTF mostrou-se importante na distinção entre os graus de hemorragia da matriz germinativa leve e moderada (I e II) dos graus acentuados (III e IV), sendo considerada um bom exame de rastreio e acompanhamento, principalmente em pacientes mais graves e com fatores de risco.
Calotropis procera (L.) mediated synthesis of AgNPs and their application to control leaf spot of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.)
Authors: Nawab R. , Ali M. , Haroon U. , Kamal A. , Akbar M. , Anwar F. , Ahmed J. , Chaudhary H. J. , Iqbal A. , Hashem M. , Alamri S. , ALHaithloul H. A. S. , Munis M. F. H.
Published: June 2022

Abstract Nature is gifted with a wide range of ornamental plants, which beautify and clean the nature. Due to its great aesthetic value, there is a need to protect these plants from a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.) is an ornamental plant and it is commonly known as China rose or shoeblack plant. It is affected by several fungal and bacterial pathogens. Current study was designed to isolate leaf spot pathogen of H. rosa-sinensis and its control using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Based on molecular and morphological features, the isolated leaf spot pathogen was identified as Aspergillus niger. AgNPs were synthesized in the leaf extract of Calotropis procera and characterized. UV-vis spectral analysis displayed discrete plasmon resonance bands on the surface of synthesized AgNPs, depicting the presence of aromatic amino acids. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) described the presence of C-O, NH, C-H, and O-H functional groups, which act as stabilizing and reducing molecules. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the average size (~32.43 nm) of AgNPs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicted their spherical nature. In this study, in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of AgNPs was investigated. In vitro antifungal activity analysis revealed the highest growth inhibition of mycelia (87%) at 1.0 mg/ml concentration of AgNPs. The same concentration of AgNPs tremendously inhibited the spread of disease on infected leaves of H. rosa-sinensis. These results demonstrated significant disease control ability of AgNPs and suggested their use on different ornamental plants.
Periodontitis in sheep in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Wicpolt Nathalia S. , Lima Telma S. , Silva-Filho Givaldo B. , Bom Hisadora A.S.C. , Fonseca Silvio M.C. , Silva Mariana R. , Almeida Valdir M. , Riet-Correa Franklin , Souza Francisco A.L. , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Cases of periodontitis in sheep from the Agreste and Zona da Mata regions of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, are described. Information on breed, age and sex of affected animals as well as clinical and pathological aspects of the disease were obtained during farm visits. Fifteen animals from a total of 450 Santa Inês sheep, aged between three and twelve years, showed low body condition score, dull coat, and difficulty in feeding followed by pain on palpation of the mandibular region. Physical examination of the oral cavity of affected animals and post mortem findings of slaughtered individuals revealed varying degrees of periodontitis, wear, fracture, mobility, and loss of teeth associated with gingival retraction, presence of biofilm and food packing between incisors, premolars and molars teeth. Increased mandibular volume was observed in eight animals and, in two of them, an abscess fistula, exclusively in mandibular teeth. The occurrence of periodontitis in sheep had not been recorded until now in Northeastern Brazil and, thus, this is the first description of cases in the region.
Determinação da velocidade das ondas extensionais em hastes metálicas delgadas
Authors: Rossini Marcos Roberto , Camargo Filho Paulo Sérgio de , Yamaguti Kleber Eiti , Alves Marcio José , Amorin Luís Henrique Cardozo
Published: June 2022

Desde o final do século XIX, e posteriormente impulsionado pelo desenvolvimento aeroespacial, a modelagem das vibrações em estruturas metálicas tem demandado grande empenho por parte dos pesquisadores. Acrescentese a isto a importância de se prever os abalos sísmicos e de se minimizar os danos que geram, e se tem mais um significativo propósito pelo estudo das ondas em estruturas. No curso de Física Clássica, aborda-se a ondulatória na perspectiva do oscilador harmônico, das ondas em cordas e em tubos sonoros, analisando-se as ondas longitudinais e transversais. Entretanto, ondas de superfície e ondas extensionais raramente são citadas, de forma que o presente trabalho pretende contribuir na pavimentação desta pequena lacuna, propondo uma atividade prática para calcular o módulo da velocidade das ondas extensionais em hastes de aço e alumínio, empregando as frequências dos harmônicos das ondas estacionárias extensionais. O desenvolvimento teórico é plenamente compreensível ao estudante que possua conhecimento básico de Física e de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral. O aparato experimental é de baixo custo e plenamente disponível. Determinam-se as frequências ressonantes com um telefone celular onde se instalou aplicativo Spectroid, gratuito. Obtiveram-se para as velocidades extensionais vext−Al = (5, 05±0, 02).103m/s e vext-aço = (5, 21±0, 08).103m/s, implicando que os respectivos desvios relativos em relação à literatura foram 1% e 0,6%, muito bons para um laboratório didático. A atividade ainda favorece o aprofundamento dos conceitos relacionados às oscilações e ainda traz fortes elementos lúdicos, como o emprego do telefone celular e o timbre agradável das hastes ressonantes, de forma que sua aplicação é plenamente factível e recomendável.
Association between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: study in a population attended by the Brazilian Health System
Authors: VALENTIM Flavia Bridi , BARBOSA Julia Saraiva de Almeida , CARNEIRO Vinícius Cavalcanti , ARAÚJO Arthur Maciel , ROSETTI Elizabeth Pimentel
Published: June 2022

Abstract Introduction Periodontitis control helps to prevent and control diabetes mellitus and understanding of this relationship can lead to changes in health policy. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis, knowledge, and glycemic control. Material and method This is a cross-sectional analytical epidemiological survey with 216 Type 2 diabetic patients, non-smokers, who had current blood screenings with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Result Overall, 93.51% of the patients reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day, 62.5% visited the dentist last year, 81.58% have already undergone treatment for periodontal disease, 43.52% reported having periodontitis and 59.72% had controlled diabetes. No significant (p=0.603) association between HbA1c control and the presence of periodontitis was found. Among the patients with periodontitis, no association between HbA1c control and information on the periodontal disease was found (p=0.996), and know/believe in its relationship with diabetes (p=0.659; p=0.973). Conclusion No relationship between periodontitis and diabetes was found in the sample, as well as in patients with periodontitis, those with knowledge on periodontal disease and knowledge/belief in its relationship with diabetes, which could be justified by the care by a multi-professional health team.
O VALOR VITAL DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO PARA MULHERES CUSTODIADAS
Authors: Santos Márcia Vieira dos , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Pereira Audrey Vidal , Vieira Bianca Dargam Gomes , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Tavares Marli Rodrigues , Calandrini Tatiana Socorro dos Santos , Ferreira Ediane de Andrade
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as percepções dos valores do aleitamento materno para lactantes custodiadas pelo sistema penal. Método: pesquisa qualitativa e fenomenológica, baseada nos valores schelerianos, com realização de sete entrevistas fenomenológicas com lactantes privadas de liberdade, na unidade prisional feminina do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. As entrevistas foram realizadas entre novembro 2020 e maio de 2021. Após transcrições das falas, sucedeu-se à análise de conteúdo para o tratamento dos resultados. Resultados: identificaram-se duas categorias para o valor vital: o valor do vínculo como processo de expansão; a lactante como valor de segurança e proteção para o bebê. Por meio da percepção das lactantes privadas de liberdade, o valor vital identificado atua como proteção ao aleitamento materno dentro do espaço prisional, fortalecendo a saúde da mulher e criança. Conclusão: ao desvelar o valor vital, observa-se que este está relacionado à vida cotidiana da mãe e do bebê dentro do cárcere. Entretanto, a instituição prisional não satisfaz as reais necessidades vitais das lactantes custodiadas, sendo, então, necessário redirecionar a prática da amamentação no espaço prisional, transformando-o em ambiente legítimo, que valorize os sentidos do ato de amamentar.
Admissions due to ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSC): an analysis based on socio-demographic characteristics, Brazil and regions, 2010 to 2019
Authors: Santos Filipe Malta dos , Macieira César , Machado Antônio Thomaz Gonzaga da Matta , Borde Elis Mina Seraya , Santos Alaneir Fátima dos
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of hospital admissions due to Ambulatory Care-Sensitive Conditions (ACSC) in Brazil per sex, region, cause and age group, from 2010 to 2019. Methods: This is an ecological study based on the temporal trend of ACSC rates. Standardized rates were analyzed in a simple linear regression and a generalized linear model (GLM) Gamma. The percentage change was also checked over three periods: 2010–2014, 2015–2019 and 2010–2019. Results: There was a reduction in hospital admission rates between 2010 and 2019 for Brazil: 124.3/10,000 inhab. to 88.2/10,000 inhab. among women (-29.0%) and 119.0/10,000 inhab. to 88.2/10,000 inhab. (-25.9%) among men in all regions. The decrease was more prominent between 2010–2014 (-17.7%) and (-17.8%) than between 2015–2019 (-.2%) and (-5.9%) for females and males, respectively. The milder decline in the period from 2015 to 2019 was more noticeable among age groups 0–4y and 5–19y in all regions. As for the causes, most ICD-10 diseases had a downward trend, the more expressive ones being gastroenteritis (-60%); however, an increase was seen in cerebrovascular diseases among women (11.2%) and men (17.1%), and angina (15% %) and skin infections (56.1%) among men. Conclusion: There was a significant drop in ACSC rates in the period analyzed, especially for age groups 0-4y and 5-19y. The rates had a milder drop from 2015 to 2019, a period of austerity and economic crisis.
O farmacêutico entre o trabalho prescrito e o real na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Barberato Luana Chaves , Scherer Magda Duarte dos Anjos , Carvalho Wania Maria do Espírito Santo , Costa Luiz Henrique , Mendonça-Silva Dayde Lane , Tavares Noemia Urruth Leão
Published: June 2022

Resumo O trabalho do profissional farmacêutico na Atenção Primária à Saúde está em permanente construção. Este artigo analisa o trabalho realizado pelos farmacêuticos na gestão entre o que está prescrito e o que o real exige, na atenção primária do Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com triangulação na coleta e na análise dos dados, obtidos por meio de entrevistas e observação do trabalho de farmacêuticos de cinco Regiões de Saúde, resultando em três categorias: estrutura das farmácias; organização do trabalho; tempo e tarefas. O estudo evidencia que o farmacêutico tem sua atuação centrada nos seguintes grupos de ações: pausas; trabalho gerencial/logística; interrupção; atendimento aos usuários. As tarefas ligadas à assistência ao usuário são pontuais e esporádicas, com o foco da atuação nas gerenciais, sobretudo a logística. Apesar dos limites estruturais das farmácias, há elementos no contexto, revelados pelos farmacêuticos, que podem favorecer a ampliação das atividades técnico-assistenciais: a garantia do acesso aos medicamentos como princípio ético; as normativas; a postura de aprendizagem dos profissionais e de abertura para enfrentar o inusitado; a conexão com necessidades da equipe da Unidade Básica de Saúde; a ação coletiva dos farmacêuticos e a formação sobre cuidado farmacêutico.
Effects of educational intervention on health literacy and knowledge about diabetes: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Paes Robson Giovani , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Costa Marta Cossetin , Pereira Adriana Cordeiro Lopes , Kalinke Luciana Puchalski , Moreira Ricardo Castanho
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the effects of educational intervention on health literacy and knowledge about diabetes in adults assisted in primary health care. Method This is a quasi-experimental study with educational intervention during the nursing consultation with 33 adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus registered in a Family Health Strategy Unit in southern Brazil and involving group activity and telephone follow-up. Sociodemographic and clinical instruments were applied before and after the intervention; these instruments included the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes and the Eight-Item Health Literacy Assessment Tool. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon, Spearman, and McNemar correlation coefficient tests. Results Most participants were women (69.7%), with a mean age of 57.0 years, less than nine years of schooling (69.7%), and ≤10 years of diagnosis (51.5%). After the intervention, there was an increase in knowledge about diabetes (p = 0.001), correlated with health literacy (r = 0.494; p = 0.001) and the time of diagnosis (r = 0.455; p = 0.001). Conclusion and implications for practice The instruments to measure health literacy and knowledge about diabetes enabled the construction of educational strategies aimed at existing gaps, increasing the knowledge, thereby favoring the development of skills for self-management.
Atenção à Saúde Mental de crianças e adolescentes negros e o racismo
Authors: Barros Sônia , Santos Jussara Carvalho dos , Candido Bruna de Paula , Batista Luís Eduardo , Gonçalves Mônica Mendes
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar estratégias utilizadas por uma equipe de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil (Capsij) na assistência a crianças e adolescentes pretos e pardos com problemas de saúde. Seus pressupostos apoiaram-se no vasto campo de estudos das relações raciais, paradigma pelo qual são feitas também as análises. Participaram 18 trabalhadores do Capsij – Brasilândia; as entrevistas foram guiadas por um questionário semiestruturado e a análise temática para interpretação dos dados foi organizado tendo raça/cor como categoria analítica. Os resultados mostram que cuidado a crianças e adolescentes que manifestam sofrimentos pela vivência do racismo, ou que o tem como uma dimensão importante, demanda do profissional espaços de sensibilização, informação e letramento para as formações raciais, assim como convoca a elaboração de estratégias de enfrentamento ao racismo institucional, sobretudo em perspectiva intersetorial.
Mental health assistance for black children and adolescents and racism
Authors: Barros Sônia , Santos Jussara Carvalho dos , Candido Bruna de Paula , Batista Luís Eduardo , Gonçalves Mônica Mendes
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to identify strategies used by a team of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSij) to assist black and brown children and adolescents with health problems. The assumptions of the study were supported by the vast field of studies on race relations, the paradigm that also underpinned the analyses. Eighteen workers from the Brasilândia CAPSij were interviewed. The interviews were guided by a semi-structured questionnaire and the thematic analysis for data interpretation was structured having race/color as the analytical category. The results showed that the provision of care for children and adolescents who express suffering due to the experience of racism, or who have it as an important dimension, demands, of the professional, spaces for awareness, information and literacy regarding racial formations. In addition, it calls for the development of strategies to combat institutional racism, especially in an intersectoral perspective.
Teaching Introductory Artificial Intelligence through Java-Based Games
Authors: McGovern Amy , Tidwel Zachery , Rushing Derek
Published: June 2022

We introduce a Java graphical gaming framework that enables students in an introductory artificial intelligence (AI) course to immediately apply and visualize the topics from class. We have used this framework in teaching a mixed undergraduate/graduate AI course for six years. We believe that the use of games motivates students. The graphical nature of each game enables students to quickly see how well their algorithm works. Because the topics in an introductory AI course vary widely, students apply their algorithms to multiple game environments. A final challenging environment enables them to tie together the concepts for the entire semester.
Towards Automated Choreographing of Web Services Using Planning
Authors: Zou Guobing , Chen Yixin , Xu You , Huang Ruoyun , Xiang Yang
Published: June 2022

For Web service composition, choreography has recently received great attention and demonstrated a few key advantages over orchestration such as distributed control, fairness, data efficiency, and scalability. Automated design of choreography plans, especially distributed plans for multiple roles, is more complex and has not been studied before. Existing work requires manual generation assisted by model checking. In this paper, we propose a novel planning-based approach that can automatically convert a given composition task to a distributed choreography specification. Although planning has been used for orchestration, it is difficult to use planning for choreography, as it involves decentralized control, concurrent workflows, and contingency. We propose a few novel techniques, including compilation of contingencies, dependency graph analysis, and communication control, to handle these characteristics using planning. We theoretically show the correctness of this approach and empirically evaluate its practicability.
Predictive Mining of Comparable Entities from the Web
Authors: Jang Myungha , Park Jin-woo , Hwang Seung-won
Published: June 2022

Comparing entities is an important part of decision making. Several approaches have been reported for mining comparable entities from Web sources to improve user experience in comparing entities online.However, these efforts extract only entities explicitly compared in the corpora, and may exclude entities that occur less-frequently but potentially comparable. To build a more complete comparison machine that can infer such missing relations, here we develop a solutionto predict transitivity of known comparable relations. Named CliqueGrow, our approach predicts missing links given a comparable entity graph obtained from versus query logs. Our approach achieved the highest F1-score among five link prediction approaches and a commercial comparison engine provided by Yahoo!.
Diagnosing Changes in An Ontology Stream: A DL Reasoning Approach
Authors: Lecue Freddy
Published: June 2022

Recently, ontology stream reasoning has been introduced as a multidisciplinary approach, merging synergies from Artificial Intelligence, Database and World-Wide-Web to reason on semantics-augmented data streams, thus a way to answering questions on real time events. However existing approaches do not consider stream change diagnosis i.e., identification of the nature and cause of changes, where explaining the logical connection of knowledge and inferring insight on time changing events are the main challenges. We exploit the Description Logics (DL)-based semantics of streams to tackle these challenges. Based on an analysis of stream behavior through change and inconsistency over DL axioms, we tackled change diagnosis by determining and constructing a comprehensive view on potential causes of inconsistencies. We report a large-scale evaluation of our approach in the context of live stream data from Dublin City Council.
BabelRelate! A Joint Multilingual Approach to Computing Semantic Relatedness
Authors: Navigli Roberto , Ponzetto Simone Paolo
Published: June 2022

We present a knowledge-rich approach to computing semantic relatedness which exploits the joint contribution of different languages. Our approach is based on the lexicon and semantic knowledge of a wide-coverage multilingual knowledge base, which is used to compute semantic graphs in a variety of languages. Complementary information from these graphs is then combined to produce a 'core' graph where disambiguated translations are connected by means of strong semantic relations. We evaluate our approach on standard monolingual and bilingual datasets, and show that: i) we outperform a graph-based approach which does not use multilinguality in a joint way; ii) we achieve uniformly competitive results for both resource-rich and resource-poor languages.
On the Relation of Constraint Answer Set Programming Languages and Algorithms
Authors: Lierler Yuliya
Published: June 2022

Recently a logic programming language AC was proposed by Mellarkod et al. (2008) to integrate answer set programming (ASP) and constraint logic programming. Similarly, Gebser et al. (2009) proposed a CLINGCON language integrating ASP and finite domain constraints. These languages allow new efficient inference algorithms that combine traditional ASP procedures and other methods in constraint programming. In this paper we show that a transition system introduced by Nieuwenhuis et al. (2006) to model SAT solvers can be extended to model the "hybrid" Acsolver algorithm by Mellarkod et al. developed for simple AC programs and the Clingcon algorithm by Gebser et al. for clingcon programs. We define weakly-simple programs and show how the introduced transition systems generalize the Acsolver and Clingcon algorithms to such programs. Finally, we state the precise relation between AC and CLINGCON languages and the Acsolver and Clingcon algorithms.
Polynomially Decomposable Global Cost Functions in Weighted Constraint Satisfaction
Authors: Lee Jimmy , Leung Ka Lun , Wu Yi
Published: June 2022

In maintaining consistencies, such as GAC*, FDGAC* and weak EDGAC*, for global cost functions, Weighted CSP (WCSP) solvers rely on the projection and extension operations, which entail the computation of the cost functions' minima.  Tractability of this minimum computation is essential for efficient execution. Since projections/extensions modify the cost functions, an important issue is tractable projection-safety, concerning whether minimum cost computation remains tractable after projections/extensions. In this paper, we prove that tractable projection-safety is always possible for projections/extensions to/from the nullary cost function (W0), and always impossible for projections/extensions to/from n-ary cost functions for n > = 2.  When n = 1, the answer is indefinite.  We give a simple negative example, while Lee and Leung's flow-based projection-safe cost functions are also tractable projection-safe. We propose polynomially decomposable cost functions, which are amenable to tractable minimum computation.  We further prove that the polynomial decomposability property is unaffected by projections/extensionsto/from unary cost functions.  Thus, polynomially decomposable cost functions are tractable projection-safe.  We show that the SOFT_AMONG, SOFT_REGULAR, SOFT_GRAMMAR and MAX_WEIGHT/MIN_WEIGHT are polynomially decomposable.  They are embedded in a WCSP solver for extensive experiments to confirm the feasibility and efficiency of our proposal.
Solving Peg Solitaire with Bidirectional BFIDA*
Authors: Barker Joseph , Korf Richard
Published: June 2022

We present a novel approach to bidirectional breadth-first IDA* (BFIDA*) and demonstrate its effectiveness in the domain of peg solitaire, a simple puzzle. Our approach improves upon unidirectional BFIDA* by usually avoiding the last iteration of search entirely, greatly speeding up search. In addition, we provide a number of improvements specific to peg solitaire. We have improved duplicate-detection in the context of BFIDA*. We have strengthened the heuristic used in the previous state-of-the-art solver. Finally, we use bidirectional search frontiers to provide a stronger technique for pruning unsolvable states. The combination of these approaches allows us to improve over the previous state-of-the-art, often by a two-orders-of-magnitude reduction in search time.
Filtering Algorithms Based on the Word-RAM Model
Authors: Van Kessel Philippe , Quimper Claude-Guy
Published: June 2022

The Word-RAM is a model of computation that takes into account the capacity of a computer to manipulate a word of w bits with a single instruction. Many modern constraint solvers use a bitset data structure to encode the values contained in the variable domains. Using the algorithmic techniques developed for the Word-RAM, we propose new filtering algorithms that can prune Opwq values from a domain in a single instruction. Experiments show that on a processor with w = 64, the new filtering algorithms that enforce domain consis- tency on the constraints A + B = C, |A - B| = C and ALL-DIFFERENT can offer a speed up of a factor 10.
Information Set Generation in Partially Observable Games
Authors: Richards Mark , Amir Eyal
Published: June 2022

We address the problem of making single-point decisions in large partially observable games, where players interleave observation, deliberation, and action.  We present information set generation as a key operation needed to reason about games in this way.  We show how this operation can be used to implement an existing decision-making algorithm.  We develop a constraint satisfaction algorithm for performing information set generation and show that it scales better than the existing depth-first search approach on multiple non-trivial games.
From Streamlined Combinatorial Search to Efficient Constructive Procedures
Authors: Le Bras Ronan , Gomes Carla , Selman Bart
Published: June 2022

In recent years, significant progress in the area of search, constraint satisfaction, and automated reasoning has been driven in part by the study of challenge problems from combinatorics and finite algebra. This work has led to the discovery of interesting discrete structures with intricate mathematical properties. While some of those results have resolved open questions and conjectures, a shortcoming is that they generally do not provide further mathematical insights, from which one could derive more general observations. We propose an approach that integrates specialized combinatorial search, using so-called streamlining, with a human computation component. We use this approach to discover efficient constructive procedures for generating certain classes of combinatorial objects of any size. More specifically, using our framework, we discovered two complementary efficient constructions for generating so-called Spatially Balanced Latin squares (SBLS) of any order N, such that 2N+1 is prime. Previously constructions for SBLSs were not known. Our approach also enabled us to derive a new lower bound for so-called weak Schur numbers, improving on a series of earlier results for Schur numbers.