bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational design of a small organic photosensitizer for NIR-I imaging-guided synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy
Authors: Lv Shibo , Liu Yuhan , Zhao Yanliang , Fan Xiaoxue , Lv Fangyuan , Feng Erting , Liu Dapeng , Song Fengling
Published: July 2022

A D–A–D AIEgen TPA-BTZ decorated with long and branched alkyl chains for NIR-I imaging-guided synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy is reported.
R-Group stabilization in methylated formamides observed by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
Authors: Ochmann Miguel , Vaz da Cruz Vinícius , Eckert Sebastian , Huse Nils , Föhlisch Alexander
Published: July 2022

The inherent stability of methylated formamides is traced to a stabilization of the deep-lying σ-framework by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering at the nitrogen K-edge.
Pulse dipolar EPR for determining nanomolar binding affinities
Authors: Ackermann Katrin , Wort Joshua L. , Bode Bela E.
Published: July 2022

CuII-nitroxide RIDME measurements at 100 nM protein concentration allow reliable extraction of dissociation constants and distances, while measurements at 50 nM protein concentration allow reliable extraction of dissociation constants only.
Lithiophilic Sn–Co nano-seeds sealed in a hollow carbon shell to stabilize lithium metal anodes
Authors: Li Qiuping , Zhang Jiaming , Zeng Yaping , Tang Zheng , Sun Dan , Peng Zhiguang , Tang Yougen , Li Huanhuan , Wang Haiyan
Published: July 2022

A yolk–shell nanostructure with lithiophilic Sn–Co nano-seeds and a N-doped carbon shell is proposed to stabilize lithium nucleation and deposition.
Structural adaptations of electrosprayed aromatic oligoamide foldamers on Ag(111)
Authors: Meier Dennis , Schoof Benedikt , Wang Jinhua , Li Xuesong , Walz Andreas , Huettig Annette , Schlichting Hartmut , Rosu Frédéric , Gabelica Valérie , Maurizot Victor , Reichert Joachim , Papageorgiou Anthoula C. , Huc Ivan , Barth Johannes V.
Published: July 2022

Stable molecular helices unexpectedly unfold to ribbons on a planar metal surface under ultra-high vacuum. These ribbons self-assemble in regular two-dimensional islands.
Enantiopure chiroptical probes for circular dichroism and absorbance based detection of nerve gas simulants
Authors: Debnath Snehasish , Chatterjee Pabitra B.
Published: July 2022

In this work, we describe a family of enantiopure chiroptical vanadium compounds functioning as probes for an organophosphorus compound and its bimodal detection using the combination of circular dichroism and UV/vis techniques.
Time evolution of entanglement of electrons and nuclei and partial traces in ultrafast photochemistry
Authors: Blavier Martin , Levine R. D. , Remacle F.
Published: July 2022

Broad in energy optical pulses induce ultrafast molecular dynamics where nuclear degrees of freedom are entangled with electronic ones.
Dissipative particle dynamics simulation study on ATRP-brush modification of variably shaped surfaces and biopolymer adsorption
Authors: Shrivastava Samiksha , Ifra  , Saha Sampa , Singh Awaneesh
Published: July 2022

DPD simulation study on surface modification of different shaped microparticlesviaATRP brush growth and its effect on biopolymer adsorption. The biopolymer adsorption on the modified flat surface is higher than on the cup and spherical surfaces.
Mixed-metal nanoparticles: phase transitions and diffusion in Au–VO clusters
Authors: Ernst Wolfgang E. , Lasserus Maximilian , Knez Daniel , Hofer Ferdinand , Hauser Andreas W.
Published: July 2022

Nanoparticles with diameters in the range of a few nanometers, consisting of gold and vanadium oxide, are synthesized by sequential doping of cold helium droplets in a molecular beam apparatus and deposited on solid carbon substrates.
A polynomial interactive reconstruction method based on spectral morphological features for the classification of gem minerals using portable LIBS
Authors: Yan Jiujiang , Li Qingzhou , Qin Fangjun , Xiao Liangfen , Li Xiangyou
Published: July 2022

The principle and process of the PIC method.
Optical feedback control loop for the precise and robust acoustic focusing of cells, micro- and nanoparticles
Authors: Harshbarger Cooper L. , Gerlt Michael S. , Ghadamian Jan A. , Bernardoni Davide C. , Snedeker Jess G. , Dual Jürg
Published: July 2022

Replacing a human operator by an open source optical feedback control loop for acoustofluidic focusing of biological cells (e.g. cancer cells in different resonance modes), micro- and nanometer particles results in an improved device performance.
Threads in tubing: an innovative approach towards improved electrochemical thread-based microfluidic devices
Authors: Oliveira Ana Clara Maia , Araújo Diele Aparecida Gouveia , Pradela-Filho Lauro Antonio , Takeuchi Regina Massako , Trindade Magno Aparecido Gonçalves , dos Santos André Luiz
Published: July 2022

It was demonstrated that the insertion of a cotton thread in a polyethylene tube was a simple and cost-effective way to improve the overall analytical performance of an amperometric thread-based microfluidic device.
Bacterial chemotaxis in static gradients quantified in a biopolymer membrane-integrated microfluidic platform
Authors: Hu Piao , Ly Khanh L. , Pham Le P. H. , Pottash Alex E. , Sheridan Kathleen , Wu Hsuan-Chen , Tsao Chen-Yu , Quan David , Bentley William E. , Rubloff Gary W. , Sintim Herman O. , Luo Xiaolong
Published: July 2022

Adhesion-free bacterial chemotaxis was quantified in static gradients in a wide 2D area generated in a biopolymer membrane-integrated microfluidic platform.
Memristive perovskite solar cells towards parallel solar energy harvesting and processing-in-memory computing
Authors: Rogdakis Konstantinos , Loizos Michalis , Viskadouros George , Kymakis Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Use a single memristive perovskite solar cell device for performing both solar energy harvesting and light-triggered synaptic functionalities.
From stretchable and healable to self-healing semiconducting polymers: design and their TFT devices
Authors: Laysandra Livy , Njotoprajitno Andreas , Prakoso Suhendro Purbo , Chiu Yu-Cheng
Published: July 2022

This review concisely elaborates the advancement from stretchable toward autonomous self-healable semiconducting polymers owing to their long-term use and enhanced reliability, maintenance, and durability for modern thin-film transistor devices.
In situ preparation of a ferric polymeric aluminum chloride–silica gel nanocatalyst by mechanical grinding and its solid-phase catalytic behavior in organic synthesis
Authors: Liang Yuwang , Wang Gang , Li Xiang , Zhang Qiuping , Zhan Haijuan , Bi Shuxian , Wu Zhiqiang , Liu Wanyi
Published: July 2022

PLASC catalysts have significant green chemistry properties and can be used as new cheap, efficient and green catalysts.
From solid waste to a high-performance Li3.25Si anode: towards high initial Coulombic efficiency Li–Si alloy electrodes for Li-ion batteries
Authors: He Yayue , Zhang Youjia , Li Zhenxi , Cao Peng-Fei , Yang Huabin , Gao Shilun
Published: July 2022

With solid wastes as precursors, Li3.25Si was fabricated as an anode, combining the advantages of low-cost and high initial Coulombic efficiency.
Porous CeNiO3 with an enhanced electrochemical performance and prolonged cycle life (>50 000 cycles) via a lemon-assisted sol–gel autocombustion method
Authors: Harikrishnan M. P. , Bose A. Chandra
Published: July 2022

A symmetric device with long life span and high Coulombic efficiency has been fabricated using porous structured CeNiO3.
Vanadium-bearing steel slag catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3
Authors: Xing Yi , Guo Zefeng , Su Wei , Zhang Hui , Chen Jing , Tian Jinglei , Yuan Jichao , Di Wu
Published: July 2022

In this paper, denitration catalysts were prepared by different modification methods using vanadium-bearing steel slag as raw material.
Dual-functional NIR/UV-shielding poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite films through CWO@PDA core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Yan Zhendong , Wang Yang , Li Ting , Xu Pengwu , Huang Jing , Jiang Jie , Zhang Xuhui , Xia Bihua , Wang Shibo , Dong Weifu
Published: July 2022

Fabrication of dual-functional NIR/UV-shielding PLA nanocomposite films by constructing interfacial stereocomplex crystallites.
A comparison of adhesive polysulfides initiated by garlic essential oil and elemental sulfur to create recyclable adhesives
Authors: Davis Anthony E. , Sayer Kyler B. , Jenkins Courtney L.
Published: July 2022

Sulfur and garlic essential oil can initiate polymerization with a variety of natural monomers to form sustainable adhesives. The sulfur source has a substantial impact on the adhesion strength and material properties.
Growth mechanism and microstructures of Cu2O/PVP spherulites
Authors: Sun Weihao , Zhou Wuzong
Published: July 2022

Cu2O/PVP spherulites are synthesised using Cu(NO3)2 as precursor, PVP as a reductant/capping-agent and DMF as the solvent. The interaction between dipoles of Cu2O nanocrystals and a negatively charged core plays an important role in their formation.
Unravelling the alkali transport properties in nanocrystalline A3OX (A = Li, Na, X = Cl, Br) solid state electrolytes. A theoretical prediction
Authors: Van Duong Long , Nguyen Minh Tho , Zulueta Yohandys A.
Published: July 2022

Transport properties of the halogeno-alkali oxides A3OX (A = Li, Na, X = Cl, Br) nanocrystalline samples with the presence of ∑3(111) grain boundaries were computed using large-scale molecular dynamic simulations.
Toward practical quantum embedding simulation of realistic chemical systems on near-term quantum computers
Authors: Li Weitang , Huang Zigeng , Cao Changsu , Huang Yifei , Shuai Zhigang , Sun Xiaoming , Sun Jinzhao , Yuan Xiao , Lv Dingshun
Published: July 2022

Quantum embedding simulation greatly enhanced the capability of near-term quantum computers on realistic chemical systems and reach accuracy comparable to advanced quantum chemistry methods.
A focus on simulation and machine learning as complementary tools for chemical space navigation
Authors: Aldeghi Matteo , Coley Connor W.
Published: July 2022

Machine learning and simulation synergistically contribute to the discovery of novel cardiolipin-selective molecules.
Quercetin conjugated fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots for targeted cancer therapy application
Authors: Chandrasekaran Pitchai , Sivaraman Gandhi , Rasala Swetha , Sethuraman Mathur Gopalakrishnan , Kotla Niranjan G. , Rochev Yury
Published: July 2022

In this work, we report the development of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NDCDs) as a drug carrier using quercetin (QC) as a model drug for anti-cancer drug delivery application.
Iridium nanohollows with porous walls for acidic water splitting
Authors: Bao Xiaobing , Li Sijia , Hao Chentao , Qin Yifan , Gong Yutong , Yang Yong , Xu Aoni , Luo Mingchuan
Published: July 2022

The reported Ir p-NH catalytic structure integrates porous architecture with hollow morphology and delivers enhanced OER electrocatalytic efficiency over solid counterparts in acidic media.
Correction: A rechargeable Li–CO2 battery based on the preservation of dimethyl sulfoxide
Authors: Lu Zhenhua , Xiao Min , Wang Shuanjin , Han Dongmei , Huang Zhiheng , Huang Sheng , Meng Yuezhong
Published: July 2022

Correction for ‘A rechargeable Li–CO2 battery based on the preservation of dimethyl sulfoxide’ by Zhenhua Lu et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 13821–13828, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta02586h.
A bidentate-anionic-group strategy for enhancing electron–phonon coupling and vibronic fluorescence in rare-earth crystals
Authors: Feng Jingcheng , Wang Fangyan , Liu Wang , Liang Fei , Zhang Guochun , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin
Published: July 2022

We found that the bidentate-BO3 group, better than the monodentate-BO3 unit, can greatly enhance the electron–phonon coupling and phonon-assisted fluorescence at longer wavelengths in rare-earth borates.
The emerging role of LRRK2 in tauopathies
Authors: Herbst Susanne , Lewis Patrick A. , Morris Huw R.
Published: July 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is conventionally described as an α-synuclein aggregation disorder, defined by Lewy bodies and neurites, and mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common autosomal dominant cause of PD. However, LRRK2 mutations may be associated with diverse pathologies in patients with Parkinson’s syndrome including tau pathology resembling progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The recent discovery that variation at the LRRK2 locus is associated with the progression of PSP highlights the potential importance of LRRK2 in tauopathies. Here, we review the emerging evidence and discuss the potential impact of LRRK2 dysfunction on tau aggregation, lysosomal function, and endocytosis and exocytosis.
Cross‐modality person re‐identification using hybrid mutual learning
Authors: Zhang Zhong , Dong Qing , Wang Sen , Liu Shuang , Xiao Baihua , Durrani Tariq S.
Published: July 2022

Cross‐modality person re‐identification (Re‐ID) aims to retrieve a query identity from red, green, blue (RGB) images or infrared (IR) images. Many approaches have been proposed to reduce the distribution gap between RGB modality and IR modality. However, they ignore the valuable collaborative relationship between RGB modality and IR modality. Hybrid Mutual Learning (HML) for cross‐modality person Re‐ID is proposed, which builds the collaborative relationship by using mutual learning from the aspects of local features and triplet relation. Specifically, HML contains local‐mean mutual learning and triplet mutual learning where they focus on transferring local representational knowledge and structural geometry knowledge so as to reduce the gap between RGB modality and IR modality. Furthermore, Hierarchical Attention Aggregation is proposed to fuse local feature maps and local feature vectors to enrich the information of the classifier input. Extensive experiments on two commonly used data sets, that is, SYSU‐MM01 and RegDB verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
BMFN3D: Bidirectional multilayer fusion network for indoor 3D object detection
Authors: Cheng Jun , Zhang Sheng
Published: July 2022

Among various indoor 3D object detection methods, one of which is based on 3D convolution. However, in current 3D convolutional method for indoor 3D object detection, feature fusion is only implemented in a single direction and adjacent layer, which leads to the feature loss during feature propagation and weakens the detection performance. To solve the above problem, a bidirectional multilayer fusion network (BMFN) is proposed to enrich features for prediction. Furthermore, we propose a new network based on BMFN for 3D object detection, BMFN3D. In BMFN3D, the channel and spatial attention mechanisms are introduced into the backbone and head of detection network, so as to enhance the selection of effective feature information. Finally, a new calculation method for regression loss is proposed with the consideration of the 3D spatial information. We validate our method with two indoor datasets of SUN RGB‐D and ScanNet, and achieve state‐of‐the‐art results.
New measurement method for in-field measurements of liquid phase drift from cooling towers
Authors: Cizek Jan , Barraclough Veronika , Houzvicka Jiri , Dostal Martin , Prochazka Pavel , Uruba Vaclav
Published: July 2022

This contribution introduces a newly proposed thermal based method for measurements of drift for in-field applications on real cooling towers up to an eliminator efficiency of approximately 0.0001% of circulating water flow. This method should thus become the main alternative to the methods used nowadays. The main advantage of this newly proposed measurement procedure should be its easy preparation and implementation and quick analysis of measurement results. The article summarizes the development of an innovative probe, and why this new probe and the entire method is needed for the industry. The design of this new probe consists of two main directions of development pathways: the electronic part and the aerodynamic part. The first one lies in the development of a sensor (and the accompanying electronics) and sums up the theoretical principle of the method (the calculation of droplet sizes scatter based on statistics, and the calculation of power needed for the sensor). The aerodynamics part derives from the desired efficiency and accuracy of the measurement and is based on precedent modelling and calculations of flow, containing droplets of various sizes through various uniquely shaped channels. The contribution also demonstrates an experiment made thus far, showing quantity measured and the drift evaluation process.
Nebulizer particle size distribution measured by various methods
Authors: Misik Ondrej , Peštálová Andrea , Belka Miloslav , Lízal Frantisek
Published: July 2022

Pari LC Sprint Star nebulizer is an inhaler device dedicated to delivering the liquid drug formulation into peripheral lung regions. The particle size is one of the critical parameters which determine the location of aerosol deposition within the human lungs. In this study, the particle size distribution of aerosol was measured by two different methods: Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI) and Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS). Mass Median of Aerodynamic Distribution (MMAD), and Geometric Standard Deviation (GSD) were evaluated. MMAD gained by APS was approx. 7 µm, MMAD acquired by ACI was approx. 2.5 µm. According to the results, these two measuring methods are not very consistent, and the comparison of the particle size acquired by the different methods is not appropriate.
Experimental and numerical study of natural convection in 3D double horizontal annulus
Authors: Pařez Jan , Tater Adam , Polanský Jiří , Vampola Tomáš
Published: July 2022

Presented paper is focused on numerical simulation of turboprop engine cooling in the section of a gas turbine. The method of heat transfer motor cooling by natural convection and radiation is described. The heat transfer in gas turbine section is represented on a simplified double annular geometry. Numerical data were compared with data that was gained from measuring on an experimental stand. The surface temperatures of the tubes were measured on the experiment stand during the cooling of the engine model. Numerical and experimental results reach a good agreement and will be further applied to the study of temperature-dependent deformation of aircraft engine parts, which have a significant effect on the safety and flawless operation of the aircraft engine.
Pool boiling of Novec-649 on minichannels filled with copper foam
Authors: Pastuszko Robert , Dadas Norbert , Kaniowski Robert
Published: July 2022

The article describes the experimental investigation of pool boiling heat transfer on minichannels with filling in the form of porous structure (copper foam). The results were compared with the data for a smooth surface and the minichannels without additional fillings. Tests were carried out for the boiling liquid Novec-649. Surfaces partially filled with porous structure were formed by inserting pieces of copper foam into the minichannels of 5 mm in depth and 1 mm width. Minichannels completely filled with copper foam formed the surface of MCC-F. The measurements were made with an increase in heat flux. The heat transfer coefficient obtained was four times higher than for the smooth surface. Additional foam fillings increased the heat transfer coefficient and reduced superheat for heat fluxes less than 100 kW/m2. Visualisation was made using a high-speed camera which allowed to determine the diameters of the growing bubble.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of the Air Flow Through the Children Respiratory Tract
Authors: Prinz František , Pokorný Jan , Elcner Jakub , Jícha Miroslav
Published: July 2022

Aerosol particles like dust involved in the air can pass through the respiratory tract and can be deposited there. The long-term deposition of fine solid particles in the lower airways can stimulate lung diseases. In contrary, for the healing of certain lung diseases, the delivering of medicament’s to the lower airways is important. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) enables to simulate the flow field and the particles deposition in the lungs. By this method, it is possible to identify the probability of reaching particles into the lower airways through the tracheo-bronchial tree. In this paper, the flow field in the child lungs (5-year-old) in a constant sedentary breathing regime was simulated using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with the LES Smagorinsky turbulence model. To verify the calculated velocities by LBM in OpenLB software, the finite volume RANS simulation in Star-CCM+ was performed. The results showed the good agreement in the upper part of the airways. Some discrepancies were found in the lower part. Nevertheless, LBM and OpenLB were proven to be a capable tool to solve the air flow through the respiratory tract and will be used for particle deposition.
Quantitative Schlieren imaging based on fringe projection
Authors: Psota Pavel , Stašík Marek , Kredba Jan , Lédl Vít , Jašíková Darina , Kotek Michal , Kopecký Václav
Published: July 2022

An effective yet simple quantitative synthetic Schlieren imaging technique is presented in this paper. A multiplexed fringe pattern displayed on a common laptop screen is observed through a disturbed medium resulting in a change of the fringe pattern. Fourier analysis of such pattern provides high-resolution and almost real time measurement of rays’ deflection due to the medium refractive index variation. The developed technique was applied for measurement of a compressible fluid discharge from a narrow channel in a wind tunnel.
Survey of experimental channels employed on investigation of a non-isothermal laminar flow and design requirements for a new experiment
Authors: Pulec Jaroslav , Dančová Petra , Vinš Václav
Published: July 2022

In this article, a literature survey of the experimental channels used for investigation of a non-isothermal flow is presented. Particular interest is focused on the flow stability with a heated wall by a uniform heat flux. The aim of this work is to prepare a comprehensive overview of the technical design and experimental settings used in previous studies. Collected information shall help to design and manufacture new horizontal channel with a rectangular cross-section with a width of around 200 mm and a height of 20 mm. The channel will be equipped with a constant heat flux section on a bottom wall for investigation of the vortex structures and the flow instabilities using modern optical methods. The channel will operate with liquid (most probably water) in the range of low Reynolds numbers. Parallel laminar flow with Poiseuille velocity profile at the inlet of a heated section and a uniform heat flux predefine the essential requirements on the channel design.
Feasibilities of foam-forming bacteria disintegration by ultrasonic atomization
Authors: Schovanec Petr , Jasikova Darina , Kotek Michal , Havlicek Karel , Eichler Jakub
Published: July 2022

This article presents the feasibilities of bacterial disintegration using ultrasonic atomization. Ultrasound creates acoustic cavitation, which by its effects represents a high gradient of pressure in the form of a shock wave and a local force effect. In our case, the ultrasonic excitation produces a fine micron mist of 3 micrometers. The generated microcavities create a cavitation cloud that is able to disintegrate the foam-forming bacteria or even inactivate bacterial cells. The main goal of the research is the use of ultrasound to disintegrate the foam-forming bacteria during the impact of acoustic cavitation on living cells.
On dynamics of the flow in gap between two buildings in tandem configuration
Authors: Uruba Václav , Procházka Pavel , Svoboda Václav , Gnatowska Renata
Published: July 2022

Two buildings differing in height in tandem configuration are subjected to a turbulent boundary layer flow. The physical modelling in a wind tunnel has been performed, Particle Image Velocimetry in horizontal planes has been applied. The time-mean flow-field is dominated by the contrarotating vortex pair in the near-wake of the upstream building forming strong back-flow in this wake. Dynamical activity is located close to the bigger downstream building below the level of the smaller building roof. The dynamical structures in the space between them are studied using advanced analytical methods, Oscillation Pattern Decomposition (OPD). The 3 important OPD modes were detected differing by topology and frequency. The 2 OPD modes are characterized by vortical structures formed within the wake of the smaller upstream building and moving downstream towards the bigger building. The last OPD mode shows strong pulsation transversal flow in front of the bigger building. Typical frequency of the cyclo-stationary behaviour could be characterized by the Strouhal number in the range from 0.09 up to 0.15.
Effect of lining refractory and high-basicity slag on non-metallic inclusions in a high carbon Al-killed steel
Authors: Liu Yubao , Zhang Lifeng , Cheng Gong , Ren Qiang , Yang Wen , Wang Jujin , Liu Fengqin
Published: July 2022

Laboratory experiments on the effect of lining refractory and high-basicity slag on non-metallic inclusions in a high carbon Al-killed steel were carried out. Alumina inclusions in the steel could hardly be affected by the Al2O3refractory, however, would be transformed into MgO · Al2O3when the MgO refractory was used. After the steel-slag-MgO lining-inclusion reaction, the high-basicity slag was saturated with MgO due to the dissolution of MgO from the refractory into the slag, meanwhile, original Al2O3inclusions were transformed into MgO via MgO · Al2O3, regardless of the slag basicity. After the steel-slag-Al2O3lining-inclusion reaction, the CaO/Al2O3ratio of slag decreased significantly due to the dissolution of Al2O3refractory into the slag, resulting in the slight increase of the magnesium content in steel and the transformation of Al2O3inclusions into MgO · Al2O3. The reduction of the MgO in the lining refractory and top slag by the dissolved aluminum ([Al]) in molten steel occurred independently, and a higher CaO/Al2O3ratio of slag would result in a higher activity of MgO, which was beneficial for the reduction of MgO. The CaO in the slag was hardly reduced by the [Al] in the molten steel, thus, it was proposed that CaO-Al2O3type inclusions could hardly be generated from the steel-slag reaction during the production of high carbon Al-killed steels.
Assessment of a physical based modelling suitable to capture the mechanical behaviour at large plastic strain of aluminium alloys
Authors: Bouaziz Olivier , Lloyd David
Published: July 2022

It is reported for the first time the application of a physical-based constitutive law suitable to capture the flow stress and the strain-hardening in a wide range of plastic strain. This law is validated by comparison with experiments related to alloying elements effect and temperature in aluminium alloys especially characterized by bulge test at room and at warm temperature.
Nuclear dating: sharing experiences, knowledges and views on Responsible Research and Innovation in the nuclear field
Authors: de Villafranca M. Silvikko , Turcanu C. , Yorulmaz M. , Bela G. , Hönigmayer H. , Bruchhausen M. , Kenens J.
Published: July 2022

Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has been a central pillar of the European H2020 research framework. A social lab organized within the European project NewHoRRIzon explored ways to stimulate further integration of RRI principles (public engagement, open access, gender, ethics, science education) in the nuclear research. Under the title “Nuclear Dating”, a pilot action was designed in this lab with the aim of creating awareness of RRI among Early Career Researchers, providing a venue for experimenting interdisciplinary collaborations and stimulating their reflexivity to the wider social, ethical, and environmental issues surrounding their research. Through a joint effort of organizers and participants, this paper shares insights from this first of a kind event in the nuclear R&D landscape.
Iron-Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition/Elimination/Aromatization Cascade and Modifications
Authors: Cui Hai-Lei , Chen Xiao-Hui , Pan Yu-Yi , Wang Wei-Xun
Published: July 2022

We have developed an iron-catalyzed synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives with tetrahydroisoquinolines, arylacyl bromides, and nitroolefins. Highly functionalized pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines can be obtained in moderate to good yields through a three-component N-alkylation/oxidative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/elimination/aromatization cascade. The obtained products in this study can be easily modified by easy chemical transformations to structurally complex molecules bearing privileged framework.
Elective Delivery versus Expectant Management for Gastroschisis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhao Jiashen , Alganabi Mashriq , Mesas-Burgos Carmen , Eaton Simon , Wester Tomas , Pierro Agostino
Published: July 2022

Introduction The optimal timing of delivery for pregnancies complicated by prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find whether elective or expectant delivery is associated with improved neonatal outcome.

Materials and Methods MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for studies up to 2021 that reported timing of delivery for prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis. A systematic review and meta-analysis were then performed in group 1: moderately preterm (gestational age [GA]: 34–35 weeks) elective delivery versus expectant management after GA 34–35 weeks; and group 2: near-term (GA: 36–37 weeks) elective delivery versus expectant management after GA 36–37 weeks. The following clinical outcomes were evaluated: length of stay (LOS), total parenteral nutrition (TPN) days, bowel morbidity (atresia, perforation, and volvulus), sepsis, time of first feeding, short gut syndrome and respirator days, and mortality.

Results Two randomized controlled trials (RCT)s and eight retrospective cohort studies were included, comprising 629 participants. Moderately preterm elective delivery failed to improve clinical outcomes. However, near-term elective delivery significantly reduced bowel morbidity (7.4 vs. 15.4%, relative risk = 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18, 0.74; p = 0.005; I2 = 0%) and TPN days (mean difference =−13.44 days; 95% CI: −26.68, −0.20; p = 0.05; I2 = 45%) compared to expectant delivery. The mean LOS was 39.2 days after near-term delivery and 48.7 days in the expectant group (p = 0.06).

Conclusion Based on the data analyzed, near-term elective delivery (GA 36–37 weeks) appears to be the optimal timing for delivery of pregnancies complicated by gastroschisis as it is associated with less bowel morbidity and shorter TPN days. However, more RCTs are necessary to better validate these findings.
The Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Lymphatic Regeneration in a Rat Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer Model
Authors: Jonas Filip , Kesa Peter , Paral Petr , Pankrac Jan , Kalbacova Marie Hubalek , Miletin Jakub , Sukop Andrej , Molitor Martin , Stanek Krystof , Sefc Ludek , Mestak Ondrej
Published: July 2022

Background Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by progressive edema with complicated treatment. Recently, new treatment strategies inducing lymphangiogenesis were proposed. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on lymphatic regeneration and drainage re-establishment in vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) model using a pedicled vascularized lymph node (VLN) groin flap.

Methods Female Lewis rats with groin VLN flaps were utilized as a lymphedema model. Group A served as the control. Group B received VEGF-C. Group C received both VEGF-C and ADSCs. Group D received ADSCs only. Lymphatic drainage re-establishment was evaluated by ultrasound–photoacoustic imaging (US-PAI) after indocyanine green (ICG) injection.

Results The fastest regeneration of elevated flaps was observed in Groups B and C in all monitored periods. After the first month, ICG positivity was detected in 14.3% of animals in Group A, 71.43% of animals in Group B (odds ratio [OR] = 15; p = 0.048), and 83.33% in Group C (OR = 30; p = 0.027). On the contrary, the difference between control group and Group D (16.67%; p = 0.905) was statistically insignificant. Administration of VEGF-C, ADSC + VEGF-C, and ADSC led to full flap regeneration after 6 months. The control group had the lowest percentage of ICG positivity at all monitored time points.

Conclusion We found that the fastest regeneration occurred with the combination of the VLN flap and VEGF-C. The addition of ADSC had an insignificant effect in our study. Furthermore, we proved the feasibility of PAI as an assessment tool of the lymphatic drainage recovery in a VLNT model.
Case Report: Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DADA2) as a Cause of Brainstem Stroke in a 3-Year-Old Girl and the Importance of Early Fast-Track Genetic Diagnostics to Influence Therapy
Authors: Gburek-Augustat Janina , Platzer Konrad , Schumann Isabell , Starke Sven , Hershfield Michael Steven , Sorge Ina , Merkenschlager Andreas
Published: July 2022

Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a rare Mendelian, autoinflammatory multiorgan disease. We report the case of a 3.8-year-old female patient who was admitted with an acute brainstem stroke and was diagnosed with DADA2 by early initiation of exome sequencing. We recommend that DADA2 and a genetic workup should be taken into account, when evaluating strokes in children even if no other than neurological symptoms are evident.
Acute Corticosteroid Responsive Meningoencephalitis with Cerebral Vasculitis after COVID-19 Infection in a Thirteen-Year-Old
Authors: François Grâce , Cleuziou Pierre , Vannod-Michel Quentin , Derambure Philippe , Nguyen-The-Tich Sylvie , Chaton Laurence
Published: July 2022

Introduction Various neurologic manifestations have already been described in children during or after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The central nervous system disorders reported in children are mainly encephalopathies during multisystem inflammatory syndrome. We present here an acute meningoencephalitis with cerebral vasculitis associated to a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in a 13-year-old girl with a 1-year clinical, electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up.

Case Report A 13-year-old girl presented acute symptoms of consciousness impairment, frontal headache, hyperthermia, and aphasia, with moderate lymphopenia (900/mm3), elevated C-reactive protein (17 mg/L), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis (15 cells/mm3), slow background with frontal focalization on EEG, a left frontal ischemic lesion, leptomeningeal enhancement, and bilateral limbic fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity on cerebral MRI. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in nasopharyngeal swab and COVID serology was positive for immunoglobulin (Ig) M and G, whereas extensive autoimmune antibody investigation was negative except for a positive low titer of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in CSF and blood. The diagnosis of probable encephalitis associated to cerebral vasculitis after COVID infection was suggested and steroids pulse were started. She recovered within a few days. Six months later, she had moderate clinical sequels including persistent intermittent headaches, an isolated spatial deficit, and focal spikes on the EEG without argument for epilepsia.

Conclusion A teenager without previous medical history presented with acute encephalitis with leptomeningitis and vasculitis after a recent COVID-19 infection. Steroids pulse therapy allowed clinical improvement. Cerebral MRI and EEG helped diagnosis, follow-up of the encephalitis, and evolution after treatment.
Early and Aggressive Treatment May Modify Anti-Hu Associated Encephalitis Prognosis
Authors: Marion Perrine , Chalus Aliénor De , Giorgi Laetitia , Bellesme Céline , Crétien Pascale , Maurey Hélène , Deiva Kumaran
Published: July 2022

Anti-Hu encephalitis is a paraneoplastic syndrome in adults. In children, rare cases of anti-Hu encephalitis were reported mostly without underlying tumors and clinical outcome are usually severe. Here, we describe a 4-year-old girl who developed cerebellar syndrome with abnormal behavior. The brain magnetic resonance imaging showed several T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery bilateral brain lesions and autoimmune assessment showed positive anti-Hu antibodies. Computed tomography scan revealed ganglioneuroblastoma which was surgically removed 3 months after onset. Aggressive immunotherapy including dexamethasone, rituximab, and intravenous immunoglobulins were used and a marked neurological improvement soon after 9 months of onset was observed with the child being able to go back to school. The short delay between diagnosis and start of aggressive immunotherapy demonstrate the paramount importance of early diagnosis and early specific therapy after onset of symptoms.
Chiral 1,4-Oxazino[4,3-a]indoles as a Challenging Scaffold: Syntheses and Properties
Authors: Michelet Veronique , Dupeux Aurélien
Published: July 2022

In the last few decades, there has been an increasing interest in the development of new syntheses of oxazinoindoles, a tricyclic backbone bearing an indole core structure fused with a morpholine ring, in particular because these molecules have interesting bioactive properties, such as antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, or antitumor activity. There are a few reported racemic strategies for the synthesis of oxazinoindoles, but only four reports of enantioselective syntheses. This short review presents an overview of these enantioselective strategies as well as the evaluation of chiral oxazinoindoles for their bioactive properties.

1 Introduction

2 Racemic Syntheses and Evaluation of Chiral Oxazinoindoles after Separation

3 Enantioselective Catalytic Syntheses of Oxazinoindoles

4 Conclusion
Effect of pre-resection biopsy on detection of advanced dysplasia in large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: Ma Michael X. , Tate David J. , Sidhu Mayenaaz , Zahid Simmi , Bourke Michael J.
Published: July 2022

Background Pre-resection biopsy (PRB) of large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs, ≥ 20 mm) is often performed before referral for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). How this affects the EMR procedure is unknown.

Methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected cohort of patients with LNPCPs referred for EMR between 2013 to 2016 at an Australian tertiary center. Outcomes were differences between PRB and EMR histology, and effects of PRB on the EMR procedure.

Results Among 586 LNPCPs, lesions that underwent PRB were larger (median 35 vs. 30 mm; P < 0.007), and more commonly morphologically flat or slightly elevated (P = 0.01) compared with lesions without PRB. PRB histology was upstaged in 26.1 %, downstaged in 13.8 %, and unchanged in 60.1 % after EMR. Sensitivity of PRB was 77.2 % (95 %CI 71.1–82.4) for low grade dysplasia (LGD) and 21.2 % (95 %CI 11.5–35.1) for high grade dysplasia (HGD). Where EMR specimen showed HGD, PRB had detected LGD in 76.9 %. Where EMR specimen showed cancer, PRB had detected dysplasia only. PRB was associated with more submucosal fibrosis (P = 0.001) and intraprocedural bleeding (P = 0.03). EMR success or recurrence was not affected.

Conclusions Routine PRB of LNPCP did not reliably detect advanced histology and may have affected EMR complexity. PRB should be utilized with caution in guiding endoscopic management of LNPCPs.
Ambient Noise Monitoring during Pure-Tone Audiometry
Authors: Margolis Robert H. , Saly George L. , Wilson Richard H.
Published: July 2022

Abstract Background There is an increasing need to administer hearing tests outside of sound-attenuating rooms. Maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANLs) from published in standards (Occupational Health and Safety Administration [OSHA] 1983; American
National Standards Institute [ANSI] S3.1‐1999 (R2018)) can be modified to account for the additional attenuation provided by circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones) that are used for pure-tone audiometry. Ambient noise can influence the results of pure-tone audiometry
by elevating thresholds by direct masking and by producing distractions that affect the accuracy of the test. The effects of these distractions have not been studied in relation to pure-tone audiometry in adult listeners. Purpose In Part I MPANLs provided by ANSI and OSHA standards
are extended to account for the greater attenuation provided by circumaural earphones. Rules (“alerts”) were developed taking into account the listeners' thresholds. In Part II effects of distracting noise on pure-tone thresholds are reported. Methods and Results In
Part I MPANLs two standards were modified for circumaural earphones by adding the additional attenuation provided by three circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones). A set of rules (“alerts”) is provided for identifying masking effects from ambient noise in a variety
of conditions (earphone type, threshold elevation, uncovered ear). In Part II the distracting effects of an industrial noise sample on thresholds obtained from five listeners with normal hearing are described. Pure-tone thresholds were measured in quiet and in distracting noise presented at
various levels. The effects of the distracting noise on the following variables were measured: time per trial, number of trials required to measure threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility of the noise. Time per trial was unaffected by distracting noise. Number of trials required
for threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility increased with distracting noise level. Conclusion Part I: The modified MPANLs provide more relevant determinations of the potential effects of ambient noise on pure-tone thresholds than the values in the standards.
Part II: Distracting noise affects pure-tone threshold measurements in a manner that is different from direct masking. The potential contaminating effect of distracting noise can be measured and reported.
Colocação de parafusos atlantoaxiais posteriores em uma população portuguesa: Uma análise morfométrica baseada em medidas de tomografia computadorizada
Authors: Martins Rita Santos , Pereira Catarina Silva , Lemos Carolina , Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo
Published: July 2022

Objetivo O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o comprimento e os ângulos de trajetória do parafuso para fixação atlantoaxial posterior em uma população portuguesa por meio do estudo de tomografia computadorizada (TC) cervical.

Métodos Tomografias computadorizadas cervicais de 50 adultos foram analisadas quanto às trajetórias pré-definidas dos parafusos transarticulares C1-C2 (C1C2TA), na massa lateral de C1 (C1LM), no pedículo de C2 (C2P) e na pars de C2 e C2 laminar (C2L). O comprimento e os ângulos dos parafusos em cada uma destas trajetórias foram medidos e comparados entre homens e mulheres.

Resultados O comprimento médio e ângulos medial e cranial da trajetória do parafuso C1C2TA foram de 34,12 ± 3,19 mm, 6,24° ± 3,06 e 59,25° ± 5,68, respectivamente; as medidas da trajetória do parafuso C1LM foram 27,12 ± 2,15 mm, 15,82° ± 5,07 e 13,53° ± 4,80. O comprimento médio e os ângulos medial e cranial da trajetória do parafuso C2P foram de 23,44 ± 2,49 mm, 27,40° ± 4,88 e 30,41° ± 7,27, respectivamente; as medidas da trajetória do parafuso da pars de C2 foram 16,84 ± 2,08 mm, 20,09° ± 6,83 e 47,53° ± 6,97. O comprimento médio e ângulos lateral e cranial da trajetória do parafuso C2L foram de 29,10 ± 2,48 mm, 49,80° ± 4,71 e 21,56° ± 7,76, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças entre os gêneros, à exceção do comprimento dos parafusos C1C2TA (p = 0,020) e C2L (p = 0,001), que foi maior no sexo masculino do que no feminino.

Conclusão O presente estudo fornece referências anatômicas para a fixação atlantoaxial posterior em uma população portuguesa. Estes dados detalhados são essenciais para ajudar os cirurgiões de coluna a colocar os parafusos de maneira segura e eficaz.
Outcomes of Semiknee Replacement in Skeletally Immature Bone Sarcoma Patients
Authors: Li Dasen , Ji Tao , Guo Wei , Qu Huayi , Liang Haijie , Yang Yi , Tang Xiaodong , Yang Rongli , Wang Jichuan
Published: July 2022

Introduction A semiknee mega endoprosthesis (SKMEP) was used to replace the resected distal femur or proximal tibia in skeletally immature bone sarcoma patients. This study investigated the surgical technique, endoprosthesis survival rate, functional outcome, complications, and approaches to resolve limb-length discrepancy (LLD) following this procedure.

Patients and Methods In total, 15 girls and 16 boys with a mean age of 9.1 years (range, 4–12) and 8.9 years (range, 5–13), respectively, were included in this study. The mean length of the resected distal femur (15 cases) and proximal tibia (16) was 145.0 and 122.8 mm, respectively. Altogether, 19 custom-made SKMEPs and 12 modular units were used to reconstruct the bone and joint defects.

Results The average follow-up was 82.8 months (range, 4–225 months). Five patients died of disease. Seven SKMEPs were revised to total knee endoprosthesis after a mean of 40.3 months. Nineteen patients retained the original SKMEP, and the mean LLD was 4.3 cm (range, 0–10 cm). One case each of Henderson type 1B, type 2A, type 2B, and type 5B failures was observed. Knee subluxation occurred in two cases. Although a slight laxity of the knee was identified on physical examination, the average Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 93(MSTS93) functional score was 84.5% (range, 57–97%). The estimated implant survival was 70.5% at 5 years.

Conclusion This was the largest retrospective study reporting the application of SKMEP in bone sarcoma patients. For selected skeletally immature bone sarcoma patients, SKMEP is an option with satisfactory functional outcomes and survival rates. However, heightening pads or shoes to compensate the LLD were indispensable before subsequent LLD was adjusted by further operation(s).
Zinc, Magnesium, and Copper Levels in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Elkhidir Ibrahim H. , Ali Shahd S. , Ali Waad K. , Madani Hind R. , Basheir Rawya A. , Altayeb Rayan M. , Shazali Rayan H. S. , Fadlelmoula Safaa , Eltayeb Wisal M. , Omar Zeina I. , Elnil Mahmoud , Mohamed Sagad O.O.
Published: July 2022

Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with oxidative stress due to an imbalance between production and elimination of the reactive oxygen species. It has been reported that SCD patients are at risk of multiple micronutrients' deficiencies, including several trace elements involved in the antioxidation mechanisms. We aimed to assess the status of these micronutrients in SCD patients.

Methods This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases of MedLine, Embase, and PsycInfo were used for the systematic search from time the databases existed until April 2021. A total of 36 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We calculated the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of serum zinc, magnesium, or copper levels among patients with SCD and their healthy controls.

Results SCD patients had significantly lower zinc (SMD = −1.27 [95% CI: 1.67−0.87, p 0.001]) and magnesium levels (SMD = −0.53 [95% CI: 1.0−0.06, p 0.026] than their controls. Copper level was found to be significantly higher in SCD patients, with SMD = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.05−1.32, p 0.004).

Conclusion This review showed that SCD patients may potentially prompt to have lower zinc and magnesium levels and higher copper levels compared with those without the disease. Future research need to be directed to investigate clinical outcome of nutritional difficiencies in patients with SCD, as well as the possibility of implementing nutritional supplement programs which may help minimizing the harmful effects of the disease on human body.