bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation of Highly Biomimetic Quality Control Materials for Noninvasive Prenatal Testing Based on Enzymatic Digestion of Matched Mother–Child Cell Lines
Authors: Zhang Rui , Ding Jiansheng , Gao Peng , Li Ziyang , Tan Ping , Li Jinming
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is widely used. However, biomimetic quality control materials that have properties identical to clinical samples and that are applicable to a wide range of methodologies are still not available to support assay development, internal quality control, and proficiency testing.

METHODS

We developed a set of dual enzyme-digested NIPT quality control materials (DENQCMs) that comprise simulated human plasma and mixtures of mother cell line-derived cfDNA based on DNA fragmentation factor digestion (D-cfDNA) and the matched child cell line-derived cfDNA based on micrococcal nuclease digestion (M-cfDNA). Serially diluted samples positive for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were included in the materials. To evaluate the biomimetics, DENQCMs were analyzed using random massively parallel sequencing (MPS), targeted MPS, and imaging single DNA molecule methods, and the estimated fetal fractions (FFs) were compared with expected FFs. Genome-wide analysis of cfDNA fragmentation patterns was performed to confirm their biological characteristics.

RESULTS

The genetic status of each DENQCM was correctly detected by 4 routine NIPT assays for the samples with FFs >5%. The chromosome Y-based and single-nucleotide polymorphism-based estimations of FFs were linearly related to those expected FFs. The MPS results exhibited a concordance of quality metrics between DENQCMs and maternal plasma, such as GC contents of cfDNA and unique read ratios.

CONCLUSIONS

The DENQCMs are universally applicable for different platforms. We propose DENQCMs as an approach to produce matched maternal and fetal cfDNA that will be suitable for the preparation of quality control materials for NIPT.
Alain Mabanckou’s migrant cosmopolitanism
Authors: Xavier Subha
Published: March 2019

Writer Alain Mabanckou, originally from the Republic of the Congo, has worked his way to literary stardom in the French-speaking world and beyond by harnessing a creative ethos born of a cosmopolitan sensibility that is steeped in his experiences of migration as a black man. Living, writing, speaking and teaching between three continents, Mabanckou’s prolific literary output betrays a conflicted relationship to French-speaking Africa’s literary past, and draws on tropes of pastiche and irony to set itself within a global literary framework that demands a world audience. The writer’s work and public persona thus showcase a unique brand of migrant cosmopolitanism.
Gastrointestinal helminths of intensively managed poultry in Kwara Central, Kwara State, Nigeria: Its diversity, prevalence, intensity, and risk factors
Authors: Ola-Fadunsin Shola David , Uwabujo Patricia Isioma , Sanda Idiat Modupe , Ganiyu Isau Aremu , Hussain Karimat , Rabiu Musa , Elelu Nusirat , Alayande Musbau Olayinka
Published: March 2019

Aim: Helminth infections inflict negatively on the production and well-being of animals including poultry. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, species diversity, intensity, and risk factors associated with the gastrointestinal helminths of intensively raised poultry in Kwara Central senatorial district of Kwara State.

Materials and Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 502 poultry species from 15 farms. The samples were subjected to floatation and the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration techniques of examination. The intensity of infections was determined using McMaster counting technique.

Results: Seven helminth species were detected with Heterakis gallinarum (10.2%) and Ascaridia galli (6.0%) been the most prevalent, while Capillaria species was the least prevalent (0.8%). Physiological status, bird type, production purpose, farm age (years), presence of other animals in the farm, flock size (birds), farm size (acres), housing type, farm type, frequency of anthelmintic use, distance to waste area (meters), level of biosecurity, and frequency of cleaning the pen were the risk factors significantly (p<0.05) associated with the presence of helminth infections.

Conclusion: This study shows that helminth infections are endemic in the study area, as 66.7% of the sampled farms were infected with one or more helminth species. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the poultry sector in Kwara State, Nigeria in general, for better production and profitability.
De la asignatura al taller de literatura como estrategia didáctica
Authors: Triana Castro Yesny Milena
Published: March 2019

Este artículo es el resultado de una intervención pedagógica realizada en la Escuela Normal Superior Distrital María Montessori (ENSDMM) de Bogotá, D.C., con estudiantes de grado undécimo durante el segundo semestre de 2015 en el marco de un proyecto de aula titulado “Ritos y rituales, un viaje por el mundo a través de la literatura universal”, en el que participó un equipo de maestros en formación de la Licenciatura en Educación Básica con énfasis en Humanidades y Lengua Castellana de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. El trabajo confirma como problema la necesidad de movilizar la concepción de asignaturade español como punto donde se imparten saberes acerca de la lengua y la literatura, al de taller literario, como espacio para la creación colectiva y la reflexión crítica conjunta. Se evidencia entonces, una propuesta para la mejora de la enseñanza de la literatura, en la que se presenta, en orden, el diseño del taller de literatura, la importancia de un enfoque curricular y la sistematización de la experiencia del maestro en formación. Se concluye que el taller literario puede llegar a reemplazar varios componentes de la asignatura de español ya que efectivamente permite la construcción de conocimiento tanto del maestro como del estudiante. del estudiante.
Analyzing the dynamics in the attitudes of youth in the post-Soviet countries towards CIS intergration processes
Authors: Karabchuk Tatiana S. , Poplavskaya Anita A.
Published: March 2019

The paper provides an analysis of the dynamics of youth perceptions of integration processes in the post-Soviet countries.  The study is focused on the opinions and preferences of young persons aged 18-24 living in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Tajikistan. Which countries are the most attractive for the young generations to live, work and study?  Which countries are good to develop economic relations with, to exchange technologies with and to attract specialists from? What attitudes do youngsters have towards Russia, the U.S.A. and China?  What do young people think about the Eurasian Economic Union, and how do they assess the potential for economic rapprochement between the CIS countries for the next five years?  The paper provides the answers to these questions using the data of the annual Integration Barometer conducted by the Eurasian Development Bank in cooperation with the Eurasian Monitor (2012-2017 waves).  The results show that the attitudes vary substantially depending on the economic and political situation in the world.  At the same time, there has been a drop in youth interest in Russia and an increase in their preferences for Germany, the U.S., Turkey and China, whether it be an internship, courses or a job.  However, young people from the Central Asia view positively the Eurasian Economic Union and appreciate the integration with the post-Soviet states. On the contrary, young Moldovans and Armenians increasingly turn their eyes toward Western countries and are less likely to cooperate with Russia in social, cultural and economic spheres.
Changes in Livelihood Practices, Strategies and Dependence on Bushmeat in Two Provinces in Gabon
Authors: Van Gils E.J.T. , Ingram V.J. , Iponga D. Midoko , Abernethy K.
Published: March 2019

Traditional, forest resource-dependent livelihoods face multiple challenges. In Gabon, bushmeat provides food and income for rural communities. This study investigates how villagers believe livelihood practices and dependence on bushmeat changed over the last decade and if alternative income and food generating strategies can be sustainable. Our results show that remote villages near Moukalaba Doudou National Park hardly changed practices. Less remote villages near Tchibanga experienced declining hunting revenues and are switching to alternatives. Villages near Libreville almost completely changed strategies, and are no longer dependent on forest resources. Changes in livelihood practices were driven either by resource depletion or urbanization. The ability to change depended on proximity to facilities and infrastructure. Although most respondents were able to change, not all alternative strategies are sustainable. The results highlight the need to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of alternative poverty reduction and nature conservation strategies in a context of urbanization and food security. There is a need to reduce bushmeat demand, making supply more sustainable through effective resource governance and creating a conducive institutional and policy environment.
One erroneous attribution of Defence of Eunuchs
Authors: Todorović Darko
Published: March 2019

The paper traces a three-century-long tradition of a mistaken attribution of the Defence of Eunuchs by Theophylact of Ohrid. Since Peter Lambeck, chief librarian of the Hofbibliothek in Vienna, identified in 1671 the author of the treatise as Theodore Pedagogue, a poorly known tutor to the emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, the incorrect attribution was readily adopted and further disseminated by a series of scholars of the next generations. Although the issue of the authorship was successfully resolved as early as 1768 by Angelo Bandini, head of the Laurentian Library in Florence, the information remained unfamiliar to writers of the following centuries, leaving the entrenched error to persist until the late 1970s, on the eve of the first critical editions of the Defence (Gautier 1980, Spadaro 1981). The article follows the tangled history of the erroneous attribution, attempting to establish a kind of stemmatic regularity between several branches of the abortive tradition.
Degrees of the approximations by some special matrix means of conjugate Fourier series
Authors: Kranz Radosława , Rzepka Aleksandra , Sylwestrzak-Maślanka Ewa
Published: March 2019

In this paper we will present the pointwise and normwise estimations of the deviations considered by W. Łenski, B. Szal, [Acta Comment. Univ. Tartu. Math., 2009, 13, 11-24] and S. Saini, U. Singh, [Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., 2016, 9, 495-504] under general assumptions on the class considered sequences defining the method of the summability. We show that the obtained estimations are the best possible for some subclasses of Lpby constructing the suitable type of functions.
Assessment of compliance level of ICH guidelines for organic volatile impurities in common ayurvedic hepatic formulations
Authors: Maithani M. , Raturi R. , Gupta V. , Bansal P.
Published: March 2019

Background

Herbal medicines have been used in the treatment of liver diseases for a long time. In recent years, the use of herbal medicines for protection from other strong antibiotics as well as drugs that can damage the liver during their metabolism in liver and for treatment of liver diseases has increased all over the world. It is important to mention that a number of organic solvents are used at different stages of extraction/formulation development for these traditional preparations in industries/pharmacies. In addition, some of these solvents possess established carcinogenic properties and may enter the formulation as residual solvents. Hence as per ICH guidelines it is mandatory to keep the level of these solvents up to permissible limits. There has been a lot of hue and cry that ayurvedic formulations available in the market are not properly standardized for their quality due to lack of stringent regulations and standards from regulatory authorities. Therefore the aim of present work was to assess the compliance of ICH guidelines for level of organic volatile impurities in common marketed ayurvedic hepatic formulations.

Methods

In this study, 25 ayurvedic herbal formulations available as OTC product have been assessed for presence of residual solvents using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector.

Results

This study on 25 fast moving hepatic formulations in the market reflects that no residual solvents were detected in any of the formulations however if present were within prescribed permissible limits of ICH guidelines. The data was also subjected to statistical analysis (F-test and t-test at 95% confidence level).

Conclusions

Results indicate the safety of these hepatic formulations with respect to residual solvents. In addition presents a simple, linear, specific, accurate, precise and rugged gas chromatographic method for estimation of residual solvents.
Characterizations of the Solution Sets of Generalized Convex Fuzzy Optimization Problem
Authors: Chen Wang , Zhou Zhiang
Published: March 2019

This paper provides some new characterizations of the solution sets for non-differentiable generalized convex fuzzy optimization problem. Firstly, we introduce some new generalized convex fuzzy functions and discuss the relationships among them. Secondly, some properties of these new generalized convex fuzzy functions are given. Finally, as applications, some characterizations of the solution sets for non-differentiable generalized convex fuzzy optimization problem are obtained.
A new smoothing method for solving nonlinear complementarity problems
Authors: Zhu Jianguang , Hao Binbin
Published: March 2019

In this paper, a new improved smoothing Newton algorithm for the nonlinear complementarity problem was proposed. This method has two-fold advantages. First, compared with the classical smoothing Newton method, our proposed method needn’t nonsingular of the smoothing approximation function; second, the method also inherits the advantage of the classical smoothing Newton method, it only needs to solve one linear system of equations at each iteration. Without the need of strict complementarity conditions and the assumption of P0 property, we get the global and local quadratic convergence properties of the proposed method. Numerical experiments show that the efficiency of the proposed method.
Collective Obligations and Demandingness Complaints
Authors: Berkey Brian
Published: March 2019

It has been suggested that understanding our obligations to address large-scale moral problems such as global poverty and the threat of severe climate change as fundamentally collective can allow us to insist that a great deal must be done about these problems while denying that there are very demanding obligations, applying to either individuals or collectives, to contribute to addressing them. I argue that this strategy for limiting demandingness fails because those who endorse collective obligations to address large-scale moral problems have no grounds for denying that the relevant collectives are obligated to do what is impartially best. Specifically, I argue that appeals to the claim that collective obligations to do what is impartially best would be objectionably demanding cannot succeed, for two reasons. The first is that demandingness complaints cannot be aggregated across the individual members of a collective. And the second is that demandingness complaints cannot plausibly be asserted on behalf of collectives themselves. I conclude by suggesting some reasons to think that collective obligations to address large-scale problems will tend to imply demanding individual obligations.
Crystal structure of dichlorido(pyridine-κN)(2,4,6-tri-2-pyridyl-1,3,5-triazine-κ3
N
2,N
1,N
6)nickel(II), C23H17Cl2N7Ni
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: March 2019

C23H17Cl2N7Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.5392(5) Å, b = 11.5655(6) Å, c = 15.5085(8) Å, β = 102.4634(17)°, V = 2196.07(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0348, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0792, T = 223(2) K.
Studying robots outside the lab: HRI as ethnography
Authors: Blond Lasse
Published: March 2019

As more and more robots enter our social world, there is a strong need for further field studies of humanrobot interaction. Based on a two-year ethnographic study of the implementation of a South Korean socially assistive robot in Danish elderly care, this paper argues that empirical and ethnographic studies will enhance the understanding of the adaptation of robots in real-life settings. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes how users and the context of use matters to this adaptation, as it is shown that roboticists are unable to control how their designs are implemented and how the sociality of social robots is inscribed by its users in practice. This paper can be seen as a contribution to long-term studies of HRI. It presents the challenges of robot adaptation in practice and discusses the limitations of the present conceptual understanding of human-robot relations. The ethnographic data presented herein encourage a move away from static and linear descriptions of the implementation process toward more contextual and relational accounts of HRI.
The Effect of Low Weight Percent Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Dielectric Properties of Non-Conducting Polymer/Ceramic Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Khattak Noor Saeed , Khan Mohammad Saleem , Shah Luqman Ali , Farooq Muhammad , Khan Abdullah , Ahmad Safeer , Jan Saeed Ullah , Rehman Noor
Published: March 2019

Here in this study timing saving, easy and cost effective methods has been applied for fabricating the dielectric energy storage materials. Ceramic nanoparticles (FLZC’s) have been successfully synthesized by Sol-Gel method and its nanocomposites with non-conducting polymers (PVP, PVA, PEG, PEO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT’s) by one-pot blending technique. Energy dispersive x-ray diffraction (EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), AC impedance analyzer and dielectric properties were determined for all the samples. Dielectric properties showed good agreement with that of energy storage substances for electronic device fabrication. High dielectric constant was achieved when 0.5 wt% MWCNT’s was added to FLZC’s/MWCNT’s/Polymer nanocomposites. The stability and performance of the nanocomposites were dependent on the type of polymer used. These preparation materials can be employed in functional materials, such as high charge-storage capacitors, electrostriction for artificial muscles and smart skins etc.
Internet y postmodernidad: un soporte de comunicación tan necesario como irreverente en la actualidad. Necesidades pedagógicas
Authors: Rubio José Hernández
Published: March 2019

Una herramienta de comunicación como Internet ha supuesto una revolución descomunal en nuestro mundo globalizado. Sólo en unas décadas, la “Red de redes” se ha erigido en protagonista absoluto en el ámbito de las  interrelaciones virtuales. Y dicha tecnología, que facilita el acceso e intercambio de información a millones de personas, se ha fraguado en nuestro contexto sociocultural de la Postmodernidad. El resultado es una concepción infinita de perspectivas a nivel comunicativo. La realidad queda frecuentemente a merced de esas subjetividades, capaces de influir en amplios colectivos humanos según ciertos intereses. Por tanto, junto a la constatación de la eficacia y necesidad de Internet, este trabajo pretende analizar el porqué de la validez de dichas verdades múltiples, que han superado los principios objetivables de la Modernidad (según el supuesto progreso de la Razón). Al respecto, resulta fundamental examinar fenómenos como la post-verdad o el uso malintencionado de las redes sociales, que distorsionan la autenticidad de situaciones sociales y políticas de gran calado. Para ello, ha sido de gran estima extraer nociones esenciales de otras publicaciones, escritas o virtuales, que lo abordan con rigor. Igualmente, de gran utilidad es analizar determinadas informaciones en la Red, que obedecen a la irreverencia de unos intereses prefijados. La conclusión deriva en una reflexión necesaria sobre las alternativas de opinión que coinciden con el individualismo que emana la Posmodernidad, con Internet como aliado. De primer orden es la urgencia de seguir apostando por una educación a todos los niveles sobre un fenómeno ilimitado.
Real-Time Method of Obtaining Rock Mechanics Parameters Based on the Core Drilling Test
Authors: Wang Qi , Gao Hongke , Jiang Bei , Yu Hengchang , Lv Yunhong
Published: March 2019

Accurately obtaining the mechanics parameters of the surrounding rock at an engineering site in real time is a key component of the construction process that is required to determine and adjust the support scheme in a timely manner and thus ensure construction safety. Currently, studies of the real-time measurement methods of the cohesion, c, and internal friction angle, φ, of the surrounding rock at a site are relatively limited, and the digital core drilling test technique provides a new approach for obtaining accurate rock parameters (c and φ) in real time at an underground engineering site. Based on the principle of upper bound analysis, in this article, a relationship model between the core drilling parameters and rock mechanics parameters (CDP-RMP) is established, and the rock core drilling cutting strength is obtained. An inversion method is proposed to obtain the rock parameters (c and φ). Additionally, by using the multifunctional rock digital drilling test system developed, digital core drilling tests are conducted on rock specimens with different lithologies. The results show that the inversion values for the rock parameters c and φ are essentially consistent with the results of the triaxial test, which verifies the accuracy of the CDP-RMP model and that of the inversion method for the rock parameters c and φ. A real-time method for obtaining rock mechanics parameters based on the digital core drilling test is further established. This method can conveniently obtain accurate mechanical parameters for the surrounding rock onsite in real time and provides a foundation for the timely optimization of the support scheme and the informatization construction of underground engineering.
Evaluation and Modeling of the Effect of Tool Edge Radius on Machined Surface Roughness in Turning UNS A92024-T351 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Fang Ning , Srinivasa Pai P.
Published: March 2019

Tool edge radius plays a significant role in affecting the surface integrity of machined products. The vast majority of existing research, however, takes no account of the effect of tool edge radius in the evaluation and modeling of machined surface roughness, an essential indicator of surface integrity. The present study fills this important research gap and has performed a total of 45 turning experiments on Unified Numbering System (UNS) A92024-T351 aluminum alloy with carefully selected cutting tools with three levels of tool edge radii. This article describes the experimental setup and measurements of tool edge radius and machined surface roughness. Machined surface roughness was evaluated using five parameters, including average roughness, root-mean-square roughness, peak roughness, maximum roughness height, and five-point average roughness. The experimental evidence presented in this article shows that the tool edge radius has a profound effect on machined surface roughness, cutting forces, and cutting vibrations. Based on the experimental data, three types of predictive models are developed, including a multiple regression model, multilayer perceptron neural network model, and radial basis function neural network model. The prediction accuracy of the three models is compared based on average mean squared errors. The results show that different models lead to different prediction accuracy for different surface roughness parameters.
Plasticity of NMDA Receptors at Ventral Hippocampal Synapses in the Infralimbic Cortex Regulates Cued Fear
Authors: Soler-Cedeño Omar , Torres-Rodríguez Orlando , Bernard Faviola , Maldonado Lizette , Hernández Anixa , Porter James T.
Published: March 2019

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) processes contextual information from the hippocampus to generate appropriate fear responses. In rodents, one path for sending contextual information to the mPFC is via the direct projections from the ventral hippocampus (vHC) to the infralimbic cortex (IL). Plasticity in the synaptic communication from the vHC to the IL could contribute to the behavioral changes produced by the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear. To examine this possibility, we used optogenetic stimulation of vHC synapses in brain slices from trained rats. We found that fear acquisition reduced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) currents at vHC synapses onto IL pyramidal neurons. The depression of NMDAR currents reversed more efficiently after extinction in the conditioning context than extinction in a novel context. Moreover, a cohort of animals that exhibited poor extinction retrieval failed to reverse the plasticity induced by fear conditioning. In addition, ex vivo application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is known to simulate extinction in IL, reversed this conditioning-induced plasticity mimicking extinction. Therefore, we have identified a novel mechanism that modulates conditioned fear via changes in NMDAR current at vHC synapses onto IL pyramidal neurons. Disruption of this mechanism could contribute to the abnormal contextual modulation of fear seen in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Synaptopodin Deficiency Ameliorates Symptoms in the 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Aloni Etay , Oni-Biton Efrat , Tsoory Micheal , Moallem Dalia H. , Segal Menahem
Published: March 2019

Disruption in calcium homeostasis is linked to several pathologies and is suggested to play a pivotal role in the cascade of events leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Synaptopodin (SP) residing in dendritic spines has been associated with ryanodine receptor (RyR), such that spines lacking SP release less calcium from stores. In this work, we mated SPKO with 3xTg mice (3xTg/SPKO) to test the effect of SP deficiency in the AD mouse. We found that 6-month-old male 3xTg/SPKO mice restored normal spatial learning in the Barns maze, LTP in hippocampal slices, and expression levels of RyR in the hippocampus that were altered in the 3xTg mice. In addition, there was a marked reduction in 3xTg-associated phosphorylated tau, amyloid β plaques, and activated microglia in 3xTg/SPKO male and female mice. These experiments indicate that a reduction in the expression of SP ameliorates AD-associated phenotype in 3xTg mice.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study strengthens the proposed role of calcium stores in the development of AD-associated phenotype in the 3xTg mouse model, in that a genetic reduction of the functioning of ryanodine receptors using synaptopodin-knock-out mice ameliorates AD symptoms at the behavioral, electrophysiological, and morphological levels of analysis.
Centrosome Loss Triggers a Transcriptional Program To Counter Apoptosis-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Poulton John S , McKay Daniel J , Peifer Mark
Published: March 2019

Centrosomes are important mediators of mitotic spindle assembly, and loss of centrosomes can lead to mitotic errors and cell death; however, it is also clear that cells can compensate for centrosome loss through multiple mechanisms...

Centrosomes play a critical role in mitotic spindle assembly through their role in microtubule nucleation and bipolar spindle assembly. Loss of centrosomes can impair the ability of some cells to properly conduct mitotic division, leading to chromosomal instability, cell stress, and aneuploidy. Multiple aspects of the cellular response to mitotic error associated with centrosome loss appear to involve activation of JNK signaling. To further characterize the transcriptional effects of centrosome loss, we compared gene expression profiles of wild-type and acentrosomal cells from Drosophila wing imaginal discs. We found elevation of expression of JNK target genes, which we verified at the protein level. Consistent with this, the upregulated gene set showed significant enrichment for the AP-1 consensus DNA-binding sequence. We also found significant elevation in expression of genes regulating redox balance. Based on those findings, we examined oxidative stress after centrosome loss, revealing that acentrosomal wing cells have significant increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS). We then performed a candidate genetic screen and found that one of the genes upregulated in acentrosomal cells, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, plays an important role in buffering acentrosomal cells against increased ROS and helps protect those cells from cell death. Our data and other recent studies have revealed a complex network of signaling pathways, transcriptional programs, and cellular processes that epithelial cells use to respond to stressors, like mitotic errors, to help limit cell damage and maintain normal tissue development.
Self-Assessment of Russian Students’ Social Resistance
Authors: Reznik Semen D. , Chernikovskaya Marina V.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The problem of assessment and enhancement of social resistance of the Russian students is dealt with in the article. It focuses on the influence of a number of factors on the enhancement of social resistance among students under modern conditions. The authors give the first ever quantitative assessment of social resistance of students of higher education institutions in Russia. The purpose of the article is to examine the results of a study on the formation of social sustainability of students, to conduct on this basis an assessment of its level, to summarize the experience of developing and using special educational technologies that increase social sustainability and students' readiness for future professional activities.
Materials and Methods. The following methods are used: questioning, expert poll, comparison, decomposition, and the group analysis. Data from more than 40 domestic and foreign sources are analyzed. The study population included students of Russian typical regional universities, the sampling totality comprised 400 students of 13 state-financed universities from 5 federal districts of the Russian Federation. The study also involved 36 skilled experts.
Results. The research broadened the comprehension of the role and importance of the enhancement of student social resistance using special educational technologies. The coefficient of social resistance of Russian students (0.36) is not high enough. Also, the study revealed that for 50 % students the need of personal and professional development for successful employment in the futur e was a priority.
Discussion and Conclusion. Conclusions are drawn concerning the need to realize the system of dedicated measures directed to increase the social resistance of the Russian students. The paper addresses students and teaching staff of Russian higher schools, education authorities as well as scientists studying problems of students’ evolvement.
Biológiai terápiát követően fellángoló pulmonalis tbc enterális disszeminációja által okozott vékonybél-perforatio
Authors: Németh Károly , Vidák Zsolt , Tóth Ildikó , Rombauer Edit , Darabos Zoltán
Published: March 2019

Absztrakt:

Esetismertetés: A szerzők egy 78 éves hölgybeteg esetét mutatják
be, aki tizenévesként részesült gyógyszeres kezelésben pulmonális tbc miatt,
majd a 2015-ben IBD kezelése céljából indított biológiai terápia kapcsán nemcsak
légzőszervi tünetei lángoltak fel kb. 60 év tünetmentességet követően, hanem
akut has klinikai képe is kialakult. Sürgős műtétre vittük a beteget, ahol
vékonybél perforatio miatt segmentresectio történt, a szövettani vizsgálat
enterális tbc-t igazolt. A posztoperatív szakban indított gátlószeres kezelés
hatására a beteg tünet- és panaszmentessé vált. Megbeszélés: A
tuberculosis egy életet veszélyeztető megbetegedés, amely lényegében bármely
szervet érintheti. Ezen cikkünkkel szeretnénk felhívni a figyelmet biológiai
terápiák, ill. a különböző immunmoduláns kezelések potenciálisan fatális
mellékhatásaira és a társszakmák közötti hatékony együttműködés
fontosságára.
Mujer y medio ambiente. Una aproximación desde la acción socioeducativa
Authors: Esteban Ibáñez Macarena , Amador Muñoz Luis Vicente , Mateos Claros Francisco , Olmedo Ruiz Francisco Javier
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo quiere dar a conocer una educación ambiental que construya y reformule el valor de lo diverso y de la convergencia entre hombres y mujeres, desde dimensiones similares pero diferenciadas. Todo esto insertado en el ambiente natural y social, las vinculaciones entre los hombres y mujeres, en la justicia social y en las formas de relacionamiento con la naturaleza y con la vida.
Se concluye que se precisa un acercamiento a las consideraciones de género insertas en las relaciones sociedad naturaleza que repercuten en la calidad de la vida de mujeres y hombres. Por ello, una tarea emergente para la educación ambiental es fomentar la formación y la investigación de la problemática ambiental incorporando la categoría de género.
Proyectos europeos sobre migración y género. Análisis de los últimos avances
Authors: Terrón Caro María Teresa , Ortega de Mora Fabiola
Published: March 2019

La evidente diferenciación entre objetivos, experiencias y vivencias desarrolladas por mujeres y hombres migrantes (Trujillo &Almeda, 2017), precisa desarrollar investigaciones sobre la migración teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de género. Con el presente artículo, pretendemos conocer el tratamiento que se ha realizado en materia en los últimos 15 años en los proyectos europeos aprobados por la Unión Europea. Para ello hemos realizado la búsqueda de la información disponible en “CORDIS”, utilizando como descriptores “Migración”; “Género ymigración”; “migración femenina”. Aunque se ha producido una significativa evolución, es necesario desarrollar más investigaciones que se centren en estudiar, no solo las migraciones desde una perspectiva de género, sino también la migración femenina, todo ello desde una visión integral y holística donde contextos de origen, tránsito y/odestino estén presentes.
Género y migraciones forzosas en Centroamérica y el Caribe
Authors: Binazzi Alice
Published: March 2019

Las migraciones masivas transnacionales e internas en los países representan un fenómeno complejo que puede ocultar graves violaciones de los derechos humanos de las personas y violencia de género. En este marco, pretendemos visibilizar dos casos específicos de migraciones forzosas: la trata de niñas y mujeres en Centroamérica y el Caribe y la condición de mujeres desplazadas por razones de violencia, en México. Esta investigación comprometida para la igualdad de género y los derechos humanos de las niñas y de las mujeres conjuga, con abordaje cualitativo e innovador, antropología de género y teoría de los derechos humanos, para una antropología de la implementación de los estándares jurídicos internacionales de los derechos de estos dos grupos sociales. Se ofrecerán resultados de la investigación internacional y de la acción local, junto con resultados de nuestro trabajo de campo, con método etnográfico, en la República Dominicana y en México.
Effects of gender mainstreaming efforts on rural transport institutions in Kenya
Authors: Nyangueso Samuel Ouma , Orwa Samuel Oyoo , Ombai Margaret , Sheba Salma
Published: March 2019

This paper reports on an investigation into the effects of gender mainstreaming efforts on the institutions that deliver and support rural transport infrastructure and services in Kenya. It comes at a time when the nation is implementing robust policies, supported by enabling legislative and institutional frameworks for gender mainstreaming as required by the Constitution of Kenya 2010. A multi-level case study was conducted at national and county levels where many institutions were surveyed. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected, covering gender analysis in staffing, decision-making and procurement for a sample of rural transport institutions. Results show that gender mainstreaming efforts have transformed rural transport institutions towards gender-responsive staffing, human-resource practices, budgeting, procurement and implementation of transport-related works. However, achieving the constitutional two-thirds affirmative action policy in staffing remains a challenge, more so in technical and decision-making bodies. The study found that the meaning and purpose of gender mainstreaming is not sufficiently understood by the majority of transport sector institutions. Additionally, gender-disaggregated data are neither readily available nor applied to rural transport programming and implementation. A change of strategy and long-term progressive efforts are required to realise gender equity in rural transport institutions in Kenya and beyond.
Consideraciones en torno a la Corte Penal Internacional
Authors: Garc Ruth Cristina
Published: March 2019

ResumenLa creación de la Corte Penal Internacional -cuyo Estatuto fue aprobado el 17 de julio de 1998-, como Tribunal permanente de justicia penal internacional, es de los sucesos mas trascendentales del siglo XX. Tal creación debe ser vista como la culminación de un proceso formalmente iniciado alrededor de medio siglo antes. Con la Resolución de las Naciones Unidas de diciembre de 1946 -fresca at'.n en la memoria la catastrofe que significó la Segunda Guerra Mundial-, mediante la cual este organismo internacional condenó el delito de genocidio como un crimen contra el Derecho Internacional. El propósito de contar con un Tribunal internacional permanente que juzgue los delitos que atenten contra la paz y seguridad, no ha estado libre de obstáculos. Los antecedentes de los tribunales internacionales penales que hasta hoy han existido, no coinciden, ni mucho menos, con la expedición de la Resolución de las Nacio- nes Unidas que se ha referido -objetivo alcanzado el 1 de julio de 2002, con la entrada en vigor del Estatuto de la CPI, al completarse las sesenta ratificaciones necesarias–, sino que son anteriores a la Segunda Guerra Mundial. AbstractThe creation of the International Criminal Court -which Statute was ap- proved on July 17, 1998- as a permanent international criminal court of jus- tice, is one of the most important events of the XX century. This event should be seen as the culmination of a process which formally started about half a century before. Indeed, it was through the Resolution adopted by the UN on December 1946 -still fresh in people's memory due to the catastrophe that WWII meant- by which this international organization condemned genocide as a crime against International Law. The purpose of having a permanent in- ternational Tribunal to judge the crimes that threaten the peace and security of humanity has not been pursued without obstacles. The previous attempts to create international criminal tribunals do not match what was established in the Resolution of the UN aforementioned -its purpose seems to have been reached on July 1, 2002, with the entry into force of the Statute of the Inter- national Criminal Court, on completion of the sixty ratifications needed- but that predate WWII.
Soberanía, globalización y la constitucion de significado
Authors: Benavides Vanegas Farid Samir
Published: March 2019

ResumenEn este articulo se demostrara cómo la perdida de soberania del Derecho y de la nación ha implicado la emergencia de nuevos lugares de construcción de la identidad y como estas nuevas identidades han llegado a ser globales, debido a la perdida de centralidad del Estado-Nación como lugar de producción de significado. Mediante el analisis del concepto de soberania y de su relación con el poder de nombrar qué posee el Estado, ejercido a través de la ley, se mostrara cómo en una sociedad del espectaculo este poder es quitado al Estado y dado a otros lugares que puedan garantizar la pasividad de los espectadores y por tanto la ausencia de resistencia en la construcción del significado. Esto mediante el análisis de una telenovela colombiana y su manejo del concepto de corrupción para mostrar cómo el significado legal fue superado por aquel construido en los medios de comunicación. AbstractIn this essay I wish to show how law's and the nation's loss of sovereignty have meant the emergence of new sites of identity construction and how these new identities have become global due to the loss of centrality of the Nation- State as place of meaning production. By analyzing the concept of sovereignty and its relation to the power of naming held by the State, and exercised through the law, I want to show how in a society of the spectacle that power is removed from the State and given to other places that can ensure passivity of viewers and thus the absence of resistance in the construction of meaning. This I will do by analyzing a Colombian soap opera and its handling of the concept of corruption to show legal meaning was overtaken by the one built in the media
La función de reinserción social y el papel de los jueces de ejecución de penas y medidas de seguridad en Colombia
Authors: Guzman González Patricia , Rambao Hernández Jaime
Published: March 2019

Este artículo de investigación responde a los alcances parciales del objetivo específico “analizar atendiendo al nuevo rol del juez de ejecución de penas y medidas de seguridad como ejercen el seguimiento al cumplimiento de la reinserción social del condenado” dentro del proyecto “Reinserción Social en el caribe colombiano. Un estudio de caso en la Penitenciaría El Bosque de Barranquilla y la Cárcel La Vega de Sincelejo durante los años 2013-2017”
Evaluación de la dinámica urbana para la ciudad de Envigado
Authors: Betancourt Alejandro , Quintero Luis Antonio
Published: March 2019

This article presents the methodological conceptualization and the main results of a System Dynamics model, which main objective is to support the housing policies in the city of Envigado. The used methodology developed a scenario-based model to emulate the approximate evolution of the housing demand and supply for the city, using a scenario of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and a housing authorization strategy as input. Diverse results were obtained, for instance it was found that due to the soil availability, the housing supply reaches the saturation point between 2040 and 2046. Finally this article could be considered as an example of how academic tools such as System Dynamics can be used by decisions makers in the government.
MODERNİZMDEN POSTMODERNİZME TÜKETİMİN EVRİMİ VE EKONOMİ POLİTİĞİNİ ANLAMAK
Authors: Sarı Betül
Published: March 2019

Tüketim
çağımızda en çok tartışılan konulardan biri olup, geçmişte taşıdığı anlamla
günümüzde ifade ettiği anlam birbirinden farklılık göstermektedir. Postmodern
dönemle birlikte, tüketim ekonomik ve insan ihtiyacına dayalı bir faaliyet
olmanın çok ötesine geçmiştir. Modern dönemde ihtiyaca dayalı tüketen, rasyonel
kararlar alan ve tek tip ürünle tatmin olabilen tüketici kimlikleri yerini zevk
ve haz duymak için tüketen ve kendine saygınlık kazandıracak ürünleri tercih
eden postmodern tüketici kimliklerine bırakmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı,
modern dönemden postmodern döneme tüketimin, tüketimin evrimini ve bu evrimi ekonomi
politik ekseninde açıklamak ve postmodern tüketim anlayışının yarattığı tüketim
kalıpları üzerinde durmaktır.
Igualdad y no discriminación de consumidores en colombia, un análisis desde la ley 1480 de 2011
Authors: Sayas Contreras Rafaela , Monsalve Muñoz Dulfay del Cristo
Published: March 2019

La Ley 1480 de 2011 fue expedida ante la ne- de brindar mayor protección a los de- rechos del consumidor, quien hoy adquiere bienes y servicios que en vigencia del Decreto 3466 de 1982 eran inimaginables. Las nuevas fuentes de información que se emplean para promocionar productos y las formas de contratación basadas en las TICs facilitan y estimulan el consumo, herramientas tecnológicas que no existían antaño.
Una mirada al estado de flujos de efectivo para pymes según las normas internacionales de información financiera- niif's
Authors: Ramírez Molinares Carlos Vicente
Published: March 2019

El estado de flujos de efectivo es un estado financiero básico que debe ser elaborado por cualquier tipo de empresa, es importante por mostrarle a los propietarios, sea una persona natural o jurídica, cómo se obtuvieron los fondos (fuentes) y cuál la aplicación o uso de esos fondos (Usos). En concreto, el estado de Flujos de Efectivo, muestra el efectivo generado y usado en las actividades de operación, inversión y financiación; actividades que se reflejan básicamente en el estado de situación financiera o balance general, el cual, es otro estado financiero básico.
S.a.s. Iel vehículo comercial por preferencia?
Authors: Sánchez Villarreal Andrés Felipe
Published: March 2019

La noción moderna de contrato de sociedad señala que, es el instrumento que recoge el negocio jurídico complejo o de colaboración, donde intervienen unas partes que persiguen intereses comunes y por tanto colaboran en su realización, con aportes en dinero, trabajo o bienes a la empresa o actividad social, con el fin de repartirse entre sí las utilidades obtenidas. Esta noción compleja constituye una institución crucial en los tiempos modernos, que representa un engranaje fundamental de nuestro sistema jurídico, económico, social, político y aun cultural.
Cultura y educación para la paz
Authors: Romano Burgos Francisco , Ureta Madero Valeria
Published: March 2019

En el contexto del post-acuerdo y con la idea de que la cultura de paz debe darse en todos los escenarios, vemos como la entrada en vigencia del nuevo código de policía, ley 1801 de 2006, ha tenido Francisco Romano Burgos Va/ería Urueta Madero 2 la importancia de la convivencia ciudadana en la búsqueda y consecución de la Paz. Objetivos Específicos diferentes impactos a lo largo y ancho del país, Cartagena de Indias no ha sido la excepción, los indicadores mostrados por el Gobierno local indican los puntos neurálgicos de nuestras falencias, ¿dónde fallamos en nuestra convivencia ciudadana? Así entonces surge la inquietud que se convierte en el objetivo de este proyecto del cual presentamos avance parcial, cómo riesgo en la formación de la ciudadanía cartagenera, en la implementación del nuevo código de policía. debe ser, desde el Derecho, la construcción Metodología de Paz desde todos los escenarios, desde el estudio de caso Cartagena 2017.
Tres libros, de tres siglos distintos. Que predican la vida desnuda
Authors: García Hernández José
Published: March 2019

Leerlos, o releerlos, es esencial, aunque solo sea para rechazar con conocimiento el camino por el que invitan a circular. Un yanqui decimonónico abolicionista y trascendentalista que no necesita presentación¡ una profesora francesa, judía de origen pero de sensibilidad cristiana, que escribió en los años más turbulentos del siglo veinte¡ y un libertario español de nuestros días, de vocación ludista y antihedonista, más allá de su pasado maoísta. Todos ellos, sin invocar motivaciones religiosas, están convencidos de que la solución de los problemas sociales no pasa, como siempre han defendido todos los gobiernos del mundo y sus votantes, por aumentar la producción para, con uno u otro modelo de distribución de la riqueza, disfrutar todos de más bienes y placeres materiales. ¿Son masoquistas estos autores?