bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Helminth Parasites Alter Protection againstPlasmodiumInfection
Authors: Salazar-Castañon Víctor H. , Legorreta-Herrera Martha , Rodriguez-Sosa Miriam
Published: September 2014

More than one-third of the world’s population is infected with one or more helminthic parasites. Helminth infections are prevalent throughout tropical and subtropical regions where malaria pathogens are transmitted. Malaria is the most widespread and deadliest parasitic disease. The severity of the disease is strongly related to parasite density and the host’s immune responses. Furthermore, coinfections between both parasites occur frequently. However, little is known regarding how concomitant infection with helminths andPlasmodiumaffects the host’s immune response. Helminthic infections are frequently massive, chronic, and strong inductors of a Th2-type response. This implies that infection by such parasites could alter the host’s susceptibility to subsequent infections byPlasmodium. There are a number of reports on the interactions between helminths andPlasmodium; in some, the burden ofPlasmodiumparasites increased, but others reported a reduction in the parasite. This review focuses on explaining many of these discrepancies regarding helminth-Plasmodiumcoinfections in terms of the effects that helminths have on the immune system. In particular, it focuses on helminth-induced immunosuppression and the effects of cytokines controlling polarization toward the Th1 or Th2 arms of the immune response.
Acute Methotrexate Toxicity: A Fatal Condition in Two Cases of Psoriasis
Authors: Jariwala Pankti , Kumar Vinay , Kothari Khyati , Thakkar Sejal , Umrigar Dipak Dayabhai
Published: September 2014

We describe two fatal cases of low dose methotrexate (MTX) toxicity in patients with psoriasis, emphasizing the factors that exacerbate MTX toxicity. The first patient was a 50-year-old male of psoriasis on intermittent treatment with MTX. After a treatment-free period of six months, he had self-medication of MTX along with analgesic for joint pain for one week which followed ulceration of the lesions, bone marrow suppression, and eventually death. The second patient was a 37-year-old male of psoriasis, who has taken MTX one week earlier without prior investigations. He had painful ulcerated skin lesions and bone marrow suppression. On investigations, he showed high creatinine level and atrophied, nonfunctioning right kidney on ultrasonography. In spite of dialysis, he succumbed to death. MTX is safe and effective if monitored properly, but inadvertent use may lead to even death also. Prior workup and proper counseling regarding the drug interactions as well as self-medication should be enforced.
New Harpirhynchinae Dubinin (Acariformes: Harpirhynchidae)—intracutaneous and feather-base parasites of birds
Authors: BOCHKOV ANDRE V , KLOMPEN HANS
Published: September 2014

Seven new species of intracutaneous parasites of the subfamily Harpirhynchinae Dubinin (Acariformes: Cheyletoidea: Harpirhynchidae) are described: Anharpyrhynchus elizae sp. nov. from Cyanocitta cristata (type host), Cyanocitta stelleri (Passeriformes: Corvidae), and Colaptes auratus (Piciformes: Picidae) from the USA; Anharpyrhynchus apodus sp. nov. from Lichmera indistincta (type host) and Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Passeriformes: Meliphagidae) from Australia; Anharpyrhynchus lukoschusi sp. nov. from Manorina flavigula (type host) and Certhionyx pectoralis (Passeriformes: Meliphagidae) from Australia; Fainharpirhynchus legatus sp. nov. from Legatus leucophaius (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) from Trinidad and Tobago; Fainharpirhynchus mossi sp. nov. from Myiarchus crinitus (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) from an unknown locality in North America; Perharpyrhynchus caprimulgus sp. nov. from Caprimulgus fossii (Caprimulgidae: Caprimulgiformes) from Mozambique; Perharpyrhynchus elseyornis sp. nov. from Elseyornis melanops (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae) from Australia. Keys to females of the genera Anharpyrhynchus, Fainharpirhynchus, and Perharpyrhynchus are provided and data on hosts and distributions of all known intracutaneous harpirhynchines are summarized. In addition, a new non-subcutaneous harpirhynchine is described: Trichorhynchiella myiarchus sp. nov. from feather bases of Myiarchus crinitus (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) from an unknown locality in North America.
A new species of Onuphis (Polychaeta: Onuphidae) from Southern Portugal, with comments on the validity of O. pancerii Claparède, 1868
Authors: GIL JOÃO , MACHADO MARGARIDA
Published: September 2014

Onuphis farensis sp. nov. (Annelida, Polychaeta) is described, based on a population inhabiting intertidal sandbanks in the mesotidal coastal lagoon of Ria Formosa (Southern Portugal). It can be distinguished from all other known species within the genus by having bi– and tridentate pseudocompound hooks on the first 4 chaetigers, single filament branchiae from chaetiger 5, and subacicular hooks from chaetiger 9. The species was previously collected in the Bay of Cádiz and Isla Cristina (SW Spain), in a similar habitat to Ria Formosa, but referred to O. geophiliformis Moore, 1903. The taxonomic status of other Onuphis species recorded in the European waters is also discussed. On the whole, O. pancerii Claparède, 1868, described from the Gulf of Naples, has been treated as a junior synonym of O. eremita Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1833, but taking the more restrictive definition of this species accepted today, should be considered as a valid Mediterranean species. Finally, O. opalina (Verrill, 1873) and O. rullieriana (Amoureux, 1977) may be synonymous, as both species are similar morphologically, occur at similar depths, and have partially overlapping geographical distributions. The different diagnostic characters utilised for the new species are analysed, with the number of chaetigers with postchaetal lobes determined to be a poor taxonomic character for the genus Onuphis, proving to be size-related. A synoptic table with all worldwide species of the genus Onuphis is provided, together with a dichotomic key for the species hitherto recorded in the European and nearby waters.
The Impact of Direct Involvement I and Direct Involvement II Experiences on Secondary School Students’ Social Capital, as Measured by Co-Cognitive Factors of the Operation Houndstooth Intervention Theory
Authors: Sands Michelle M. , Heilbronner Nancy N.
Published: September 2014

A mixed-methods study grounded in Renzulli’s Operation Houndstooth Intervention Theory examined the impact of different types of volunteer experiences on the six co-cognitive factors (Optimism, Courage, Romance With a Topic/Discipline, Sensitivity to Human Concerns, Physical/Mental Energy, and Vision/Sense of Destiny) associated with the development of social capital in high school students. Results indicated that volunteer experiences, which encourage students’ selection of and active involvement with community-based projects, may positively affect Physical/Mental Energy. Also, allowing students face-to-face time with dissimilar volunteer recipients may positively affect Sensitivity to Others. Implications for educators and researchers are discussed.
Social Understanding of High-Ability Children in Middle and Late Childhood
Authors: Boor-Klip Henrike J. , Cillessen Antonius H. N. , van Hell Janet G.
Published: September 2014

Despite its importance in social development, social understanding has hardly been studied in high-ability children. This study explores differences in social understanding between children in high-ability and regular classrooms, specifically theory of mind (ToM) and perception accuracy, as well as associations between individual characteristics (age, gender, peer acceptance, and cognitive ability) and social understanding. Participants were 671 children in Grades 1 to 6 (55% boys; M age 9.20 years). Children in high-ability classrooms had higher ToM scores in Grades 1 to 3 and were more accurate perceivers of acceptance than children in regular classrooms. No group differences were found for ToM in Grades 4 to 6. ToM was associated with several individual characteristics, in particular age and cognitive ability. Perception accuracy was mainly related to peer acceptance. Suggestions for future research and implications for practitioners are discussed.
The Role of External Involvement in the Creation of Management Innovations
Authors: Mol Michael J. , Birkinshaw Julian
Published: September 2014

There has recently been renewed scholarly interest in management innovating, the creation of new organizational practices, structures, processes and techniques. We suggest that external involvement in the process of management innovating can transpire in three different ways: direct input from external change agents; prior external experience of internal change agents; and the use of external knowledge sources by internal change agents. We ask whether the type of innovation created (radical or not; systemic or not) depends on the use of these three forms of involvement and whether the forms are substitutes or complements. We empirically investigate this through an archival study of 23 major historical innovations, using in-depth data from a large number of sources in the academic literature. We use three complementary methods of analysis: unstructured qualitative observations, correlational analysis and crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis. We find that the presence of external change agents is associated with systemic and incremental innovations; that the absence of external experience is associated with systemic and radical innovations; and that the presence of external sources of knowledge has no clear effect. Furthermore the three forms of involvement act to a large degree as substitutes. We contribute new theoretical arguments for the facilitators of management innovation, demonstrate the usefulness of an open innovation lens to the study of management innovation, show that management innovating is a relatively complex form of strategic process and highlight how the creation of management innovations is similar to and different from the genesis of other types of innovation.
Experimental Evidence From Active Placement Efforts Among Unemployed in Sweden
Authors: Hägglund Pathric
Published: September 2014

This article uses data from a field experiment in Sweden to analyze the effects of active placement efforts. In particular, the relative efficiency between combining job-search monitoring and job-search assistance, and monitoring alone, is analyzed. Although the impact estimates are generally imprecisely estimated, a general conclusion is that placement programs are effective policies in increasing the job exit rate for various groups of unemployed. I find that monitoring of job search is an efficient method to increase off-unemployment exit rate both alone and combined with job-search assistance services. The results, however, indicate that the combined services generate more permanent job exits.
Iterative algorithms for finding the zeroes of sums of operators
Authors: Shi Luo Yi , Chen Rudong , Wu Yujing
Published: September 2014

Let

H
1

,

H
2

be real Hilbert spaces,

C
⊆

H
1

be a nonempty closed convex set, and

0
∉
C

. Let

A
:

H
1

→

H
2

,

B
:

H
1

→

H
2

be two bounded linear operators. We consider the problem to find

x
∈
C

such that

A
x
=
−
B
x

(

0
=
A
x
+
B
x

). Recently, Eckstein and Svaiter presented some splitting methods for finding a zero of the sum of monotone operator A and B. However, the algorithms are largely dependent on the maximal monotonicity of A and B. In this paper, we describe some algorithms for finding a zero of the sum of A and B which ignore the conditions of the maximal monotonicity of A and B.
Sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia
Authors: Garcia-Alvarez Mercedes , Marik Paul , Bellomo Rinaldo
Published: September 2014

There is overwhelming evidence that sepsis and septic shock are associated with hyperlactatemia (sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia (SAHL)). SAHL is a strong independent predictor of mortality and its presence and progression are widely appreciated by clinicians to define a very high-risk population. Until recently, the dominant paradigm has been that SAHL is a marker of tissue hypoxia. Accordingly, SAHL has been interpreted to indicate the presence of an `oxygen debt’ or `hypoperfusion’, which leads to increased lactate generation via anaerobic glycolysis. In light of such interpretation of the meaning of SAHL, maneuvers to increase oxygen delivery have been proposed as its treatment. Moreover, lactate levels have been proposed as a method to evaluate the adequacy of resuscitation and the nature of the response to the initial treatment for sepsis. However, a large body of evidence has accumulated that strongly challenges such notions. Much evidence now supports the view that SAHL is not due only to tissue hypoxia or anaerobic glycolysis. Experimental and human studies all consistently support the view that SAHL is more logically explained by increased aerobic glycolysis secondary to activation of the stress response (adrenergic stimulation). More importantly, new evidence suggests that SAHL may actually serve to facilitate bioenergetic efficiency through an increase in lactate oxidation. In this sense, the characteristics of lactate production best fit the notion of an adaptive survival response that grows in intensity as disease severity increases. Clinicians need to be aware of these developments in our understanding of SAHL in order to approach patient management according to biological principles and to interpret lactate concentrations during sepsis resuscitation according to current best knowledge.
Incorporating 3C seismic data quantitatively for enhanced geologic detail in an oil sands reservoir
Authors: Weston Bellman Laurie
Published: September 2014

A workflow incorporating converted-wave (PS) data in an integrated quantitative interpretation (QI) was illustrated with a case study in the Canadian oil sands in which multiple data types were available including high-quality 3D multicomponent data, dipole sonic logs, and a multicomponent walk-away vertical seismic profile (VSP). In an area with unconventional rock property behavior and complex fluid distributions, the dipole sonic logs provided the data necessary for robust deterministic rock-physics templates. The VSP was essential in depth-registering the P-wave surface seismic with the PS-wave data and in determining the appropriate phase rotation of each data set. The 3D multicomponent seismic was used to derive a variety of separate and joint attributes incorporating amplitude variation with offset, prestack and poststack inversion and multiattribute processes. Finally, all elements of the workflow were combined in an interactive classification procedure for optimum representation of geology in the seismic volume. Results of the QI workflow with and without the PS data were compared with each other, and ultimately, to blind wells to assess the potential benefits of including PS data. The comparison showed that better prediction of fluid properties, without compromising P-wave data resolution, was possible when PS data were included.
Friction between Two Finger Models: Effects of Fingerprints on Friction Dynamics
Authors: Takahashi Akira , Yamaguchi Azusa , Nonomura Yoshimune
Published: September 2014

We evaluated the frictional force between two finger models that mimic properties of fingertips. Friction dynamics were drastically changed in the presence of fingerprints and variations in sliding speed and vertical force. For example, a periodic variation of the frictional force was observed under slow sliding conditions between finger models with fingerprint-like rough surfaces.
Chris Lorenz's idea of conceptual inversion
Authors: Domanska Ewa
Published: September 2014

The text deals with Chris Lorenz’s idea of conceptual inversion, understood as an epistemological blockade that stands as a barrier to the development of a proper theory of humanities and social sciences. According to Lorenz, the methodological and theoretical views of scientific programmes embody negations (i.e. inversions) of the views being criticized by them. Because of this process of “turning upside down”, many of the conceptual problems connected with the criticized positions survive. The author asks two questions: first, about the relation between Lorenz’s idea of conceptual inversion and Imre Lakatos’ idea of reconfigurations of research programmes, and, second, about possible common ground on which Lorenz’s interest in empiricism emerging out of his criticism of narrativism, and Ewa Domanska’s interest in new empiricism related to posthumanism (also critical of textual constructivism), could meet.
Review of D. Stone (ed.), The Holocaust and Historical Methodology
Authors: Exertzoglou Haris
Published: September 2014

Dan Stone (ed.), The Holocaust and Historical Methodology,New York: Berghahn Books, 2012. 323pp.
On the 'strudel and apples' theory of historiography: A reply to Chris Lorenz
Authors: Tucker Aviezer
Published: September 2014

Narrative philosophies of historiography and the positivist approach to the philosophy of historiography share an emphasis on analyzing the writings of historians, rather than their research and methods of inference, confirmation and justification. But neither approach to the philosophy of historiography asks the question about the relation of historiography with the evidence. There are no “facts” in historiography, distinct atomic units that need to be selected and then put together in the historian’s narrative workshop. Instead, the historian is searching for relevant evidence to infer from representations of the past that include explanations and causal relations. Since it is trivially true that all present phenomena are the effects of the past, the historian requires information theories that tell which present phenomena are likely to preserve which types of information about the past. The forging of a narrative is only the last stage in a long process of inference.
On the research and the writing phase of the historian's work
Authors: White Hayden
Published: September 2014

This comment on Chris Lorenz’s comment on my work indicates a number of typical failings of reviewers, of which Lorenz’s comments on my talk are typical. One, like most philosophers, Lorenz treats my work as a whole rather than as a congeries of individual works as if they were all written and published at the same time. He finds inconsistencies or contradictions between works written many years apart. My response is that many of these inconsistencies are a result of changes in my point of view over time. Secondly, instead of quoting a passage from my work and criticising it, Lorenz typically paraphrases an argument and then proceeds to criticise his own paraphrase. Often, I do not recognise the paraphrase as a position I hold. Third, I hold that historical writing is often and should be more associative than logical, more poetic than technical. Fourth, about causality in history, I do not think that we have any examples of a universal causal law of historical change or structure. So his demand for a causal law from me is beside the point.
About lost futures or the political heart of history
Authors: Mudrovcic María Inés
Published: September 2014

This article attempts to show that in western societies of today, in the absence of absolute foundations and the lack of a frame of meaning that opens new horizons of expectations, a political self understanding of the present in terms of past, begins to emerge. This is possible because the major “catastrophes” of the 20th century have not established a rupture between past and present on the political plane. What I am trying to show here is that the kind of break between past and present made possible by events such as the French Revolution and the Fall of the Soviet Union, took place because these events provoked political ruptures. Because the catastrophes of the 20th century did not break the political order which gave them birth (the modern secular state), they have created an order of time which, without leaving the future aside, feeds itself from the past.
The ambiguous victim: Miklós Nyiszli's narrative of medical experimentation in Auschwitz-Birkenau
Authors: Turda Marius
Published: September 2014

While recent scholarship has – for the past two decades – endeavoured to transcend initial reservations about memoirs of Holocaust survivors, the difficulty with some of these memoirs – namely their authors’ implicit complicity in unethical medical research and in the Nazi Holocaust in general – remains however problematic. To address this thorny issue, this article considers the memoirs of a Jewish inmate doctor, Miklós Nyiszli, who worked with and for SS medical officers in Auschwitz, and his Auschwitz: A Doctor’s Eyewitness Account. His memoirs can help us understand wider truths about the “bond of complicity” that, according to Primo Levi, existed between perpetrators and victims in the Nazi concentration camp.
Electromagnetic fields at work places experts of the cellular companies
Authors: Горохов  , Gorokhov E. , Ляпкало  , Lyapkalo A.
Published: September 2014

The paper presents the results of instrumental studies by means of hygienic assessment of levels of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the workplaces in cellular companies. Measurements of EFM were made on workplaces of 2 groups of employees during the studies: office administrative specialists and technical employees. Instrumental measurements of EMF levels were made by Personal Electronic Computers (PCs) and receivingtransmitting equipment of base cellular stations (BCS). Measurements of EMF from the PC´s screens based on electric and magnetic components were performed: a tension of electric fields with a frequency range of 5Hz-2 kHz and 2 kHz-4 kHz; a tension of magnetic fields in the frequency range of 5Hz-2 kHz and 2 kHz-4 kHz. Measurements of flux density of electromagnetic energy were performed at operating platforms of base stations and at control operating equipment rooms of cellular stations. There were about 150 workplaces of office administrative specialists with PCs surveyed and more 500 workplaces of technical specialists. The activities of administrations of cellular companies were estimated to ensure the safety of working conditions of employees under the influence of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Literature data on the impact of EMR on human health and health of employees were presented.
Personalized appointment of decensitizers dor patiets, taking into account individual dental status
Authors: Беленова  , Belenova I. , Андреева  , Andreeva E.
Published: September 2014

The purpose of the present research was studying of clinical efficiency of tоothpastes with desensitive properties. Research has been spent on a contingent of people from 48 persons at the age from 25 till 45 years with generalized catarrhal gingivitis and generalized parodontitis of the easy form with complaints on hyperesthesia teeth. The patients were selected who have at least 20 natural teeth with saved by the crown and doesn’t exposed to industrial hazards and without severe concomitant pathology. The 1st group 1 (17 persons) used the toothpaste «Sensodyne instant effect» (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, United Kingdom); the 2nd group (15 persons) used the toothpaste «Sensodyne F» (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, United Kingdom); the 3 group (16 patients) - toothpaste «Sensodyne Total Care» (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, UK). According to the authors’ data, all desensitive toothpastes «Sensodyne» (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, United Kingdom) have the effect of eliminating high sensitivity and comply with the declared parameters. However, dentists must take into account the targeted properties of hygiene and dental status of patients, all personal hygiene is necessary to select individualized, taking into account all the medical evidence and the properties of feminine hygiene products.
The study of gases markers to diagnosisi the pathology of the uterine body
Authors: Кучменко  , Kuchmenko T. , Битюкова  , Bityukova T. , Ковалева  , Kovaleva T. , Шуба  , Shuba A.
Published: September 2014

At present there is no screening method for early uterus body cancer diagnostics and its monitoring. This research offers the new developed and standardized technique of gases markers by means of piezoquartz micro weighing method. This study includes three stages: preliminary preparation of blood samples by applying them on piezoresistors of modifiers-sorbents with high selectivity to main gases indicating pathogenic processes; conversion of sensors into digital signal; data analysis and processing exploiting the software package. The study demonstrates the opportunities and prospects of the developed approach to seach of potential gases-markers of endometrium cancer. Forty eight blood samples have been screened, including eleven control samples and twenty three samples with benign uterus body pathology: leiomyoma, uterus body endometriosis; fourteen samples with endometrium cancer. It has been found that by geometry peculiarities, the size of visual print and sorption efficiency parameters blood samples can be reliably ranked into groups according to their diagnostic specification. The study has resulted in detection of gases-markers which can be prospectively used for uterus body disease diagnostics.
Assessment factors of medical institutions and the attending physician the opinion of the patients suffering from depression and neurotic disorders
Authors: Цыганков  , Tsygankov B. , Малыгин  , Malygin Ya.
Published: September 2014

The purpose of the study was to reveal the factors of satisfaction to treatment in the hospital and the attending physician by patients suffering from depression and neurotic disorders. Material and methods: 16 indepth interviews with patients suffering from depressive or neurotic disorders have been conducted. According to results of the study, the factors of assessment of the hospital are: territory of the hospital, rooms comfort, quality of psychotherapy, personnel attentiveness; characteristics of doctor, availability of different types of assessment, treatment results, parenteral medication, physiotherapy, treatment and food. Characteristics of doctor include emotional support, frequency of contacts with doctor, empathy, respectiveness, explaining of cause of disease and medications effects, explaining in lay language.
Traditional and classic methods of therapeutic effects at the dorsopathies
Authors: Чигарев  , Chigarev A. , Шилов  , Shilov A. , Агасаров  , Agasarov Lev , Зекий  , Zekiy O.
Published: September 2014

Dorsopathies are enduring importance among medical problems. This confirms the fact that the World Health Organization declared a theme associated with dorsopathies, as priorities for the next five-year period. It should be emphasized that the etiology and pathogenesis of these states are reviewed with the «enviable» frequency, and this, naturally, is reflected on the principles of treatment and rehabilitation of this contingent. In this review the mechanisms and features of application of the basic drug and non-drug methods of treatment used in modern clinic, are considered. It should be noted that a use of a complex approach, aimed at correction and relief of various vertebral and pathological manifestations, is optimal in this case. In particular, the review presents in details the options for medical treatment and a variety of technologies of physical stimulation - from traction to modern hardware methods of physiotherapy. Taking into account authors’ own original developments, special attention is paid to theoretical and practical aspects of reflexology, which is widely used in complex therapy of patients with dorsopathies. In this block, the authors provide Oriental, traditional approaches to acupuncture and promising ways, based on the combined use of Eastern and Western medical schemes. The authors identify separately the pharmacopuncture as the action caused by the summation of the effects as reflex irritation and entered in the field point of medicaments. Pharmacopuncture involves the use of various medicines, but complex homeopathic remedies provide a distinct therapeutic result, i.e., the authors suggest that there are subtle mechanisms of interaction between point and drugs of this class.
The use of modern technologies of physical therapy to improve the physical health of the students who actively involved in sports
Authors: Котенко  , Kotenko K. , Иванова  , Ivanova Irina , Корчажкина  , Korchazhkina N. , Хусяйнов  , Khusyaynov Z.
Published: September 2014

The author has developed a comprehensive wellness program, including reflectory-segmental vacuum interference effects and combined application of low-frequency pulsed electrostatic field and baths with biologically active substances of plant origin – the components of a horse-chestnut to activate the physical and functional status of students who are actively involved in sports. The study included 320 students. The research proved that the application of comprehensive wellness programs, causing the students who are actively involved in sports increasing the level of physical health, mainly due to the combined impacts included in the complex.
Theatment features of chronic gonococcal infection associated with diseases of pelvic organs in the women
Authors: Корж  , Korzh E. , Бригадирова  , Brigadirova V. , Анисимова  , Anisimova T. , Коротких  , Korotkikh I. , Кувшинова  , Kuvshinova Yu.
Published: September 2014

The purpose of research is to study in practice recurrent inflammation of the pelvic organs in women as the mainly cause of massive adhesion process and as a result to infertility. The current course of chronic gonococcal infection in women is asymptomatic without clinical manifestations. During 2009-2013 observation, examination and treatment 198 women were carried out. Women had a history of previous inflammatory diseases of the small pelvis, the diplococcic was revealed to these women during examination. Earlier repeatedly postponed inflammatory diseases of the small pelvis were in history of the women, as well as the patients after laparoscopic operations for infertility. All women previously had regular courses of conservative anti-inflammatory therapy. tively, they didn´t care for nothing. Periodically during preventive examinations or after scheduled examinations gynecologist, the increased number of leukocytes was noted in smears on the flora, in smears on oncocytology – the cytogram of inflammation. Neisseria gonorrhoea was revealed in most cases using the scraping of the three points by PCR. Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been combined : Escherichia coli (massive or modest growth), Trichomonas vaginalis, Enterococcus faecalis (massive or modest growth), U. Urealyticum (or M. Genitalium), Staphylococcus aureus (massive or moderate growth). The prescription of the Metronidazole in the dose of 0,5 mg 3 times per day (every 8 hours) for 2-3 days prior to the appointment of antibacterial drugs has brought the best result. Selection of antibiotics was reduced antibiotic therapy 3-4-5 generations: penicillins, cephalosporins ,carbapenems and monobactams, having (according to bacteriological examination) increased sensitivity to these strains of microorganisms. Conclusions: The patients with recurrent chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in women scraping three-point PCR method shows better results identify Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Appointment of metronidazole by 0,5 mg 3 times a day (every 8 hours) for 2-3 days prior to the appointment of antibacterial drugs has brought the best result. Selection of antibiotics was reduced to β- lactam antibiotics 3-4-5 generations: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams, having (according to bacteriological examination) increased sensitivity to these strains microorganisms .
Analysis of mortality dynamics of the age cohorts population in the Tula region
Authors: Хромушин  , Khromushin Viktor , Хадарцев  , Khadartsev Aleksandr , Китанина  , Kitanina K. , Даильнев  , Dailnev V.
Published: September 2014

The article presents the analysis results of 182897 rates of deaths of the adult population in the Tula region since 2007 to 2013, which were obtained by means of software, in the frame of the international project. To ensure high validity of data, the automatic determination of the initial reason to deaths, automatic transposition of the lines of the reasons to deaths for recovering the logical sequence, posthumous diagnostics were used. The Analysis of the age cohorts was carried out based on the graphs constructed for each age cohort schedule with the imposed trend. Mortality monitoring made by Public Health of the Tula region, as well as measures control allowed to reduce the mortality in cohort 45-54 age which resulted in the displacement of the high mortality of this cohort in a cohort of older age 55-64. Little progress in reducing mortality in men compared with women was identified. There is a steady decline in mortality, which requires detailed analysis of the

age groups 25-34, 35-44 men and 20-24, 35-44 women and the development of control actions. To further reduce mortality, it is advisable to focus on the age cohort 55-64. Received and verified data is the basis for a detailed analysis by class of diseases.
Mortality asessment in the Tula region
Authors: Ластовецкий  , Lastovetskiy A. , Андреева  , Andreeva Yu. , Хромушин  , Khromushin Viktor , Хадарцев  , Khadartsev Aleksandr
Published: September 2014

The article analyzes 183924 case of death of the population in the Tula region from the mortality register from 2007 to 2013. Quantitative assessment of mortality as a percentage of the total number of cases for blocks of three-digit rubric of ICD-X shows that coronary heart disease is 31,507%, cerebrovascular disease – 22,710%, malignant neoplasms of digestive organs – 5,336%, other heart disease – 3,686, liver disease – 2,848%, diabetes – 2,658%, malignant neoplasms, respiratory organs and thorax cells – 2,607%, toxic substances, mainly non-medical purposes (including alcohol) – 2,252%, other and unspecified effects of external causes – 2,069%, chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract – 1,870%.It is shown that ischemic heart disease was increased until 2010 and thereafter began to decline, reaching approximately the initial level. It is noted that cerebrovascular diseases decrease every year, and malignant neoplasms of digestive organs increase. Coronary

heart disease for men is different from women significantly fewer and increased mortality in the age groups 45- 54, 55-64 and 65-74.
Age analysis of the population mortality from diabetes mellitus in the Tula region
Authors: Макишева  , Makisheva R. , Хромушин  , Khromushin Viktor , Хадарцев  , Khadartsev Aleksandr , Даильнев  , Dailnev V.
Published: September 2014

The article analyzes 182897 deaths of the adult population of the Tula region from the mortality register from 2007 to 2013 by age cohorts 15-19; 20-24; 25-34; 35-44; 45-54; 55-64; 65-74; >=75, of which 4882 case of death from diabetes. The increasing incidence of diseases of the endocrine system, disorders of nutrition and metabolism is identified and is accordingly 63,7; 66,5; 68,4; 68,3; 69,4; 71,0 per 1000 population. The mortality rate in the Tula region in 2012 from diabetes was 59,86 per 100000 population. The analysis of mortality shows that the ratio of women to men for the period from 2007 to 2013 increases with increasing age in a power-law dependence from 0,6 to 4,49. In the age cohort 45-54 men and women, there is a decrease in the number of cases. The initial increase and the subsequent significant decline in the number of cases have a place for men in this cohort. For women, the mortality rate decreases with larger slope than for men. The dynamics of the mortality of men and women in the cohort 55-64 is characterized by an increase in the number of cases in 2007-2010 and the decrease in 2011-2013. In this cohort, the mortality rate among men increased (except 2013), and the mortality rate of the female population varies only slightly. Mortality of women, men, and for men and women in the cohort 65-74 years decreases, and in the cohort of 75 and over increased. Positive aspects of age analysis is the transfer of deaths from age groups 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 in a cohort of older ages 75 years or more. Negative aspects of age analysis is the increased mortality of the male population in the cohort 55-64 in 2007-

2012, men and women of this cohort in 2007 - 2010 years, as well as the high mortality of the female population from diabetes, compared with the male population of the Tula region.
Myofascial pain syndrome at the cervical dorsalgia and Its correction by means of the manual therapy and homeosiniatry
Authors: Гуров  , Gurov S. , Левин  , Levin A.
Published: September 2014

The purpose of this work was to study the effectiveness of combination therapy of myofascial pain syndrome by means method of manual therapy «redressable» and homeosiniatric drug «Traumeel-S» in the correction of the non-spondylogenic dorsalgia. The use of these treatment methods gives a pronounced and persistent analgesic effect, without side effects and allows to reducing the time of disability.
Do Women Avoid Salary Negotiations? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Field Experiment
Authors: Leibbrandt Andreas , List John A.
Published: September 2014

One explanation advanced for the persistent gender pay differences in labor markets is that women avoid salary negotiations. By using a natural field experiment that randomizes nearly 2,500 job seekers into jobs that vary important details of the labor contract, we are able to observe both the extent of salary negotiations and the nature of sorting. We find that when there is no explicit statement that wages are negotiable, men are more likely to negotiate for a higher wage, whereas women are more likely to signal their willingness to work for a lower wage. However, when we explicitly mention the possibility that wages are negotiable, these differences disappear completely. In terms of sorting, we find that men, in contrast to women, prefer job environments where the “rules of wage determination” are ambiguous. This leads to the gender gap being much more pronounced in jobs that leave negotiation of wage ambiguous.

This paper was accepted by Gérard P. Cachon, behavioral economics.
Gelb oder Grün?
Authors: Walter Franz
Published: September 2014

In den letzten Jahren war viel von der Krise der Volksparteien die Rede. Den Nutzen hieraus zogen unzweifelhaft die Parteien der besserverdienenden Mitte: die FDP hier, die Grünen dort. Aber wie stabil ist die Hausse der beiden Parteien? Was verbindet ihre Anhänger, was trennt sie - sozial, lebensweltlich und politisch? Freie Demokraten und Grüne werden im Mehrparteiensystem die entscheidenden Scharniere der Koalitionsbildung sein. Aber was bedeutet das für die Zukunft der bundesdeutschen Gesellschaft?
Neue Demokratie im Netz?
Authors: Schrape Jan-Felix
Published: September 2014

Durchbricht das Internet die vielkritisierte Realität der Massenmedien? In aller Regelmäßigkeit wird dem Netz eine demokratisierende Kraft in der gesellschaftlichen Wirklichkeitsbeschreibung zugesprochen. Jan-Felix Schrape hinterfragt diese Visionen aus theoretischer, empirischer und historischer Sicht und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit übergreifender Auswahlinstanzen in der sozialen Realitätskonstruktion: Die »Weisheit der Vielen« kann die massenmediale Berichterstattung nicht ersetzen. Aus erweiterter systemtheoretischer Perspektive werden mediengeschichtliche Entwicklungen und aktuelle Erhebungsergebnisse miteinander in Beziehung gesetzt, um das Veränderungspotenzial des World Wide Web möglichst unaufgeregt zu taxieren.
»Soziale Innovation« im Fokus
Authors: Howaldt Jürgen , Schwarz Michael
Published: September 2014

Das Thema »soziale Innovationen« hat in den letzten 20 Jahren in westlichen Gesellschaften zwar immer größere Aufmerksamkeit erfahren, ist dabei aber sowohl begrifflich und konzeptionell als auch inhaltlich äußerst unscharf geblieben. Angesichts der wachsenden Bedeutung sozialer Innovationen ist eine konzeptionelle Weiterentwicklung des theoretischen Ansatzes von großer Bedeutung. Dieser Band diskutiert die Frage, was eine Innovation zur sozialen Innovation macht. Die Autoren gehen theoretischen Konzepten, empirischen Forschungsfeldern und beobachtbaren Trends nach und arbeiten die zentralen Dimensionen eines sozialwissenschaftlichen Konzepts sozialer Innovation heraus.
Die Gestaltung der Leere
Authors: Dissmann Christine
Published: September 2014

Städtische Leerräume sind zu einer Realität geworden, die sich längst nicht mehr auf Krisenregionen beschränkt: Es dominiert die Wahrnehmung urbaner Brachen als Missstand. In diesem Buch wird eine andere Perspektive eingenommen: Christine Dissmann wagt einen architekturtheoretisch geprägten Blick auf die städtische Leere und betrachtet diese nicht mit der Intention einer möglichst erfolgreichen Stadtreparatur, sondern interessiert sich für deren ästhetische Eigenschaften. Gängige Umgangsweisen mit urbaner Leere werden auf ihren kulturellen Bedeutungsgehalt hin befragt, und es wird ein alternatives Leitbild entwickelt, das unter dem Titel »Dornröschenprinzip« Verfahren des geschützten Liegenlassens der Leere erlaubt.
Die Körper verweben
Authors: Büttner Silke
Published: September 2014

Dieses Buch unternimmt eine facettenreiche Analyse der Visualisierung des menschlichen Körpers und der Form seiner Differenzierung in den bildhauerischen Arbeiten der Kirchenportale von Autun und Conques. Dabei zeigt Silke Büttner die vielfältigen und unlösbaren Verflechtungen zwischen drei Bereichen auf: der Entwicklung der visuellen Sinnproduktion, den machtpolitischen, ideologischen und ökonomischen Veränderungen sowie den Verschiebungen in der Form der Konstituierung von »Selbst« und »Anderen«. Der Band entwickelt ein Instrumentarium für ein anderes Sehen und eröffnet einen neuen Zugang zur Geschichte der visuellen Hervorbringung von Körpern, von »Geschlecht« und von »Ethnie«.
Körper in Form
Authors: Weiss Philipp
Published: September 2014

Beim Anblick der attraktiven Körper der populären Bildwelten erscheinen die Medien wie transparente Fenster auf die Wirklichkeit. Moderne Körperkunst bezieht sich auf diese Bildwelten, leistet kritisch, ironisch und bisweilen auch zornig die »Repräsentation der Repräsentation« des Körpers. Der kunstwissenschaftliche Essay von Philipp Weiss folgt der Kunst von Künstler_innen wie Inez van Lamsweerde, Charles Ray oder Sue Williams. Er erforscht den fotografischen Charakter der Bilder, die Kultivierung der Oberfläche des Körpers, seiner Gliederung und Exposition. Die populären Körperdarstellungen erweisen sich als Schaltstellen gesellschaftlicher Initiativen, halten uns zur Beobachtung, Verbesserung und Kontrolle unserer Körper an. Ein Buch über die Macht der Formung des Körpers durch Bilder.
Humanism in East Asian Confucian Contexts
Authors: Huang Chun-chieh
Published: September 2014

The past 60 years have seen the rediscovery of the immense cultural depth of Confucian humanist thought and its power to shape the way human beings are understood in East Asia. In this volume, renowned Confucian scholar Chun-chieh Huang analyzes various East Asian contexts to identify the central pillars of the Confucian humanist spirit: a continuum between mind and body, harmony between oneself and others, the unity of heaven and humanity, and a profound historical consciousness. Scholars of religion, history, philosophy and Asian studies will find this volume an indispensable guide to the rich tradition of East Asian Confucian humanism.
Soziale Formen
Authors: Karafillidis Athanasios
Published: September 2014

Der Formbegriff gehört zum - wenn auch vernachlässigten - Traditionsbestand der Soziologie. Der Rückgriff der Systemtheorie auf einen Unterscheidungsbegriff der Form erlaubt es nun, diese Tradition auf eine tiefgreifende Art neu zu beleben. Aber was genau gewinnt die Soziologie, wenn sie diesem Begriff der Form theoretisch und methodisch konsequent die Führung überlässt? Sie gewinnt, wie Athanasios Karafillidis zeigt, eine genuin soziologische Methodologie, eine kommunikationstheoretische Fundierung und eine allgemeine Differenzierungstheorie von Kommunikationsformen, die nur noch Gesellschaft als soziales System voraussetzen muss.
Mythos Tragödie
Authors: Canaris Johanna
Published: September 2014

Obwohl die Tragödie im 20. Jahrhundert wirkungsvoll für tot erklärt wurde, finden sich in den letzten Jahren verstärkt Inszenierungen antiker Tragödien auf den Theaterbühnen, die eine große Aktualität beanspruchen können. Ebenso lassen sich in aktuellen Theatertexten Momente finden, die ihrerseits eine tragische Wirkung entfalten. Tragödie wird von Johanna Canaris deshalb, ausgehend von einer Auseinandersetzung mit der griechischen Tragödie, über jene Wirkung definiert, die besonders durch einen gemeinsamen, mythisch aufgeladenen Horizont von Bühne und Publikum entstehen kann. Dieser wird durch die Zeit unterschiedlich besetzt und im Theater der Befragung ausgesetzt.
Das Handeln der Systeme
Authors: Klemm Matthias
Published: September 2014

Die handlungstheoretische Fundierung der Soziologie ist durch die Systemtheorie Niklas Luhmanns zurückgewiesen worden: Die Struktur des Gegenstandes selbst, so das Argument, führe zwingend zu der Einsicht, dass Handeln nicht auf den Menschen, sondern auf die Selbsterzeugung sozialer Systeme zurückzuführen ist. Matthias Klemm rekonstruiert diese Argumentation und zeichnet ihre Auswirkungen auf die Architektur der Systemtheorie nach. Die Analyse erlaubt es, jenseits der Frontstellung zwischen system- und handlungstheoretischen Positionen Anschlüsse insbesondere an die pragmatische Lebenswelttheorie Alfred Schütz' aufzuzeigen.
Design als Wissenskultur
Authors: Mareis Claudia
Published: September 2014

Design gilt zunehmend als autonome Wissenskultur. Diese Sichtweise folgt einerseits epistemologischen Prämissen, andererseits befördert sie strategische Interessen hinsichtlich der disziplinären Autonomie des Feldes. Dabei werden die demarkierten Grenzen zwischen Design, Kunst und Wissenschaft in Frage gestellt und unter dem Leitmotiv eines Design Turns neu ausgehandelt. Claudia Mareis zeichnet Interferenzen zwischen Design- und Wissensdiskursen seit dem »Design Methods Movement« in den 1960er Jahren nach und trägt damit zur Erforschung historischer Einflüsse bei, welche die aktuellen Wissensdebatten in Designtheorie und -forschung prägen.
Jenseits von Glauben und Wissen
Authors: Flügel-Martinsen Oliver
Published: September 2014

Glauben und Wissen sind in zeitgenössischen Diskursen stark umkämpfte Begriffe, die im Zentrum des Selbstverständnisses der Moderne stehen. Anders als in vielen aktuellen Diskussionen versucht Oliver Flügel-Martinsen nicht, Glauben und Wissen miteinander zu vermitteln, sondern zeigt, dass Leben in der Moderne bedeutet, jenseits von Glauben und Wissen leben zu lernen. Er entfaltet diese These in Auseinandersetzung mit Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche und Derrida und legt dar, dass diese die Grenzen von Glauben und Wissen hin zu einer prinzipiellen Ungewissheit überschreiten. Die Relektüre der Klassiker lässt sich so zum Entwurf einer Philosophie der Ungewissheit verdichten.
Doping im Fitness-Studio
Authors: Kläber Mischa
Published: September 2014

Die Debatte um das Dopingproblem des Spitzensports verstellt den Blick auf jene Dopingpraktiken, die jenseits des öffentlichen Interesses tagtäglich im Breiten- und Freizeitsport stattfinden. In der Lebenswelt der Kraftsportler und Bodybuilder hat sich ein Milieu etabliert, in dem Medikamente missbräuchlich eingesetzt werden, um den als defizitär wahrgenommenen Körper zu überarbeiten. Durch Interviews mit Dopingnutzern, betreuenden Medizinern und weiteren Akteuren bringt Mischa Kläber Licht in die Dopingszene kommerzieller Fitness-Studios. Die damit gewonnenen Erkenntnisse über die Einstellungen der Dopingnutzer sowie über bestehende Netzwerke, konspirative Praktiken und eskalatorische Suchtspiralen sind frappierend. Sie zeigen, wie sehr Techniken der medikamentösen Körpermodellierung unter Inkaufnahme der Nebenwirkungen bereits im Alltag angekommen sind.