bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Nano-electrolytic Manganese Dioxide for Alkaline Batteries Mediated by Organic Additives
Authors: Nayak Himansulal
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the impact of adding organic additives like glycine (GLY), sucrose (SUC), and saccharine (SACCH) on the electrical characteristics and microstructure of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), which is made from an acidic aqueous sulphate solution. The structure and chemistry of EMD were ascertained by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To assess the material's potential for use in alkaline batteries, its charge-discharge properties were ascertained. It was found that the majority of MnO2 in all the EMD samples was in the γ-phase, which is electrochemically active and useful for energy storage applications. When glycine, sucrose, and saccharine were added to the solution as organic additives, the electrochemical deposition of manganese dioxide (MnO2) resulted in an increase in current efficiency and a decrease in energy consumption. The SEM images demonstrated that when EMD was deposited with an additive, small grain sizes and discrete particles free of agglomeration were formed, but large grain sizes were obtained in the absence of additives. Charge-discharge characteristics suggested that the additions improve the ability of MnO2 structure to store energy. This suggested that the additions may have an impact on the morphology and size of the particles, and consequently, the electrochemical activities of the material that was electrodeposited. In the case of the additives examined in this paper, the outcome was the creation of a material with possible use in battery technology.
Application of Phototrophic Microorganisms as Biofertilizer Isolated from South Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Bijal H. , Trivedi Ratna , Bergi Jay
Published: May 2024

Chemical fertilizers have impact on soil texture and also affects the plant growth upto certain level. Due to overuse of chemicals, soil profile has major changes in Gujarat. South Gujarat having major agricultural practices in vegetables, fruits and Sugarcane. The phtotrophic microorganisms isolated from wetland of Nanikakrad situated near to Navasari. The impact of algal biofertilizers on the growth of Solanum melongena, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annum was researched through a pot study. Plant height, width, and the number of leaves at different time intervals were measured, and soil nutrient levels were analysed by measuring Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur content. A total of 30 pots (10 for each plant species) were used, and eight different isolates were applied across treatment. Two pots of plants were maintained as controls; one including chemical fertilizers. Plant growth was significantly promoted by isolates I1 and I2 in Solanum melongena, while in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, all treatments improved growth compared with controls. Chlorophyll content was significantly increased in chemical fertilized Solanum melongena, whereas in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, I1 significantly increased Chlorophyll content. These findings underline the potential of algal biofertilizers as a smarter, safer alternative to chemical fertilizers that promise to drive sustainable growth in agriculture.
Exploring the Metabolic Implications of Dextrin and Maltodextrin on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Analysis (Part 1)
Authors: Darwish Hassan , Twaddle George , Widmoyer Aaron , Gibbons Una , Mahrizi Maimouna Al , Lawati Hiba Al
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study evaluates the effects of dextrin and maltodextrin on insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Background: Dextrin and maltodextrin are dietary fibers with known benefits for modulating blood glucose levels and insulin responses. Their use in dietary management to improve glucose and lipid profiles has been explored, yet there remains a lack of comprehensive reviews that summarize their impacts specifically on insulin resistance and T2DM. This paper seeks to fill that gap by providing an overview of the existing research on these compounds.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted, examining the influence of dextrin and maltodextrin on insulin resistance and T2DM. Relevant studies were sourced from databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, with the literature search extending up to December 2023. Only human subjects were considered, allowing for a focused examination of the effects.
Results: Thirty studies were included in the review. Findings showed that resistant dextrin notably enhances insulin sensitivity and beneficially alters serum lipid profiles in individuals with T2DM. The data on maltodextrin, however, was more variable; while some studies suggested it might worsen glycemic control, others did not corroborate this effect. This indicates the complexity of its actions and the variability among subjects.
Conclusion: The review confirms that resistant dextrin has positive impacts on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, likely through the modulation of gut microbiota. On the other hand, the evidence on maltodextrin points to a need for cautious use in populations at risk for or managing T2DM. Future work, including Part 2 of this series, will employ direct HPLC analysis to further investigate the biochemical interactions and mechanisms by which these dietary fibers influence T2DM, aiming to provide a clearer understanding of their role in dietary management of this condition.
The Physicochemical Properties of Mandawar Block, Soil Dausa, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Yadav Pradeep , Thomas Tarence , Swaroop Narendra , Sehra Vivek , Thomas Ashima
Published: May 2024

Analysed at the division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences. The soil texture of the experimental area varied from sandy loam to . In general, the top soil had higher sand fraction then the lower layers. The study revealed that the range of bulk density was varied from 1.32-1.47 Mg m-3, the bulk density was increased with increasing the depth as the compaction increases. The range of particle density was from 2.36 to 2.49 Mg m-3 and the pore space 37.77 to 44.17 %, respectively. The water retention capacity (WRC) of soil was ranged between 43.56 to 57.28. The pH of soils was in the range between pH 6.67 - 7.75. The electrical conductivity of soil of entire studied area were less than 1.00 dSm-1. The soil organic matter, ranges from 0.13 to 0.38 %. The available nitrogen content of entire studied area was low (162 to 310 kg ha-1). The available phosphorus and potassium content varied in between 15 to 52 kg ha-1 and 125 to 255 kg ha-1. The available zinc, copper, manganese and iron of experimental soil ranged between 0.30 to 0.82 mg kg-1, 0.36 to 1.32 mg kg-1, 1.50 to 6.04 mg kg-1 and 2.36 to 9.62 mg kg-1. The fertility data base would be very useful for extension functionaries, agricultural officers, scientist and above all the farmers for a sustainable crop production.
Fertilizer Optimization through Machine Learning-driven Models: An Empirical Investigation on Smart Farming of Amaranth
Authors: Dhakshayani J. , J. Jyothsna , Surendiran B.
Published: May 2024

Amaranth is a highly nutritious leafy vegetable cum pseudo-cereal crop known for its adaptability to various climatic conditions, making it a promising crop for addressing the food security and nutritional needs of a growing population. To enhance its quality and boost yields, farmers mainly depend on synthetic fertilizers. However, the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers to maximize crop yields poses significant ecological risks. This study aimed to investigate the impact of excessive inorganic fertilizer on the growth, yield, and physiological attributes of Amaranthus with the aid of advanced machine learning paradigm. An experimental pot trial was conducted using different NPK fertilizer dosage regimes, and agronomic parameters such as moisture level, crop yield, plant height, leaf length, leaf width etc. were measured and analyzed using statistical methods. The results demonstrated that the application of excessive inorganic fertilizer initially promoted plant growth but surpassed optimal levels resulting in negative effects, including stunted growth and reduced vigor. By identifying the Amaranthus's productivity and adaptability in different chemically treated soil conditions and automatically phenotyping its traits using image-based machine learning models, this study aims to determine the overuse of synthetic fertilizers. A comparative evaluation of different learning algorithms was carried out and the experimental result proves that SVM classifier could be a more appropriate learning algorithm for the proposed system with 80% accuracy. These findings highlight the importance of adopting sustainable fertilizer practices for the cultivation of Amaranthus and emphasize the need for ecological balance in crop production systems.
Synergistic Effect of Abiotic Environment on Growth of Macrophomina phaseolina Causing Charcoal Rot Disease of Sesame [(Sesamum indicum L.) cv. Prachi]
Authors: Nanda Ashutosh , Pandit Elssa , Ranasingh Nirakar , Mohapatra Araya Kumar Biswamohan , Acharya Amarendra Prasad , Parhi Curie , Naik Pramila , Das Mahasweta , Srivastava Rajiv Kumar
Published: May 2024

Temperature plays major role in growth of fungus. Climate change response of the current biotic stresses, particularly fungi-related diseases in oilseeds is a major global issue. Macrophomina phaseolina is the causal agent of charcoal rot (stem and root rot/MSR) disease of sesame, resulting in large yield losses globally. Evaluation of physiological characteristics are very important to know the behaviour of the pathogen, which is helpful for it’s’ management.
Aim: The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the impact of temperature, pH and different culture media on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina the disease causing pathogen of sesame
Methodology: In-vitro experiments conducted to investigate the physiological characteristics of the devastating pathogen of sesame M. phaseolina. Onefield survey was conducted and diseased samples collected from the predominant areas of Odisha. The fungus was isolated by using PDA medium and incubated at different range of temperatures to show the effect. The mycelial growth was also tested in different pH levels. The cultural characteristics were studied using three culture media i.e. potato dextrose agar, oat meal agar and host leaf extract agar.
Results: The results showed that there is no growth of pathogen or it is very negligible in 10–250C temperature in 24 and 48 hours. 25 - 350C temperature is the optimum temperature for the pathogen to grow and above 350C temperature the growth ceased. Similarly, in case of pH, 6.5 is the suitable pH for the M. phaseolina to grow the highest. Among the culture media the pathogen attains its highest growth rate within five days of isolation in potato dextrose agar and the oat meal agar showed better result for the morphological characters.
Conclusion: Physiological studies showed that, sesame stem and root rot pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina prefers high temperature i.e. 30-35oC and pH 6.5 grow significantly as well as for disease development. Also, the in-vitro study on different culture media showed the growth rate is high in PDA medium but the morphological characters showed better result in OMA medium.
Effect of Different Chemical Preservatives on Postharvest Longevity of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. Rosalin) Cut Flowers under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Thapa Anil , Bhandari Sunita , Bhandari Gaurav
Published: May 2024

Aims: This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different chemical preservative in vase life and quality of gerbera cut flowers.
Study Design:  Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Horticulture, Prithvi Secondary School, Nawalparsi (East), Nepal, between June 2023 and September 2023.
Methodology: Eight different preservative solutions of different concentrations (i.e. 4% sucrose, 200 ppm citric acid, 200 ppm salicylic acid and 1% CaCl2) and their combinations including control treatment i.e. sole application of distilled water were replicated thrice. And, the parameters like water solution uptake, flower weight, flower diameter, stem bending and vase life was observed.
Results: The study revealed that among seven different vase solutions, the combination of 4% sucrose + 200 ppm citric acid was found superior for all the parameters observed and supposed to be the most effective vase solutions for prolonging the vase life and reducing the postharvest losses in gerbera.
Conclusion: For achieving better quality of gerbera cut flowers, they are better to be treated with sucrose in combination with citric acid or CaCl2, thus can satisfactorily be recommended for commercial growers, wholesalers and retailers.
Evaluating the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil from Several Blocks in Mirzapur District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Pandey Adarsh , Thomas Tarence , Bharose Ram , Kumar Kamlendra , Thomas Ashima
Published: May 2024

An evaluation of the physical-chemical characteristics of soil was conducted in 2023–24 in several blocks within the Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh. This study's main goals were to assess the physico-chemical characteristics of soil in several blocks in Uttar Pradesh's Mirzapur District in ord`er to ascertain the soil's macronutrient availability. Samples of soil were taken at three different depths: 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm, and 30-45 cm. Sandy loam was the textural class of soil. 1.17 mg m-3 to 1.44 mg m-3 is the bulk density. Density of Particles (2.22 - 2.48 mg m-3). Pore Space Percentage (42.78% to 48.00%). It was evident that the soil had good physical conditions, an alkaline pH range of 7.43 to 8.15, a good water holding capacity (39.92 to 45.76%), and and all crops could benefit from the electrical conductivity (0.21 to 0.34 dSm-1). Organic carbon content in these soils is modest (0.27 to 0.38%). All villages have a medium nitrogen range (250 kg ha-1 to 380 kg ha-1). All villages have a medium phosphorus level (22.53 kg ha-1 to 37.49 kg ha1). (148.43 kg ha-1 to 282.4 kg ha-1) of potassium. is high in one place and medium in eight others.
Unraveling Microbial Strategies: Targeting the Plant Ubiquitin - Proteasome Pathway
Authors: Shanmugaraj C. , Gangaraj R. , Biswas M.K. , Jaiganesh V. , Kumar H.M. Akshay
Published: May 2024

The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) stands as a central regulator in the intricate web of plant immune responses, orchestrating the turnover of key immune components. Through the UPS, plants finely tune their defenses, from the initial recognition of pathogens to the activation of defense strategies. Immune receptors, signaling components associated with defense hormones, and transcription factors are among the targets modulated by the UPS, shaping both PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, pathogens have evolved sophisticated strategies to manipulate the UPS for their benefit. Fungi, bacteria, and viruses deploy effector proteins to exploit the UPS, either by promoting the degradation of host defense elements or by interfering with UPS-mediated processes. This intricate interplay underscores the pivotal role of the UPS in plant-pathogen dynamics, presenting both challenges and opportunities for understanding and manipulating plant immunity. Unraveling the complexities of UPS regulation and pathogen exploitation thereof is crucial for advancing our knowledge of plant-microbe interactions and developing strategies for sustainable disease management in agriculture.
Studies on Soil Physical Quality of PT Coal Mine Reclamation Land, Sumber Bara Abadi, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayad Araihan , Zulkarnain . , Hartanto R.M. Nur
Published: May 2024

Evaluation of the physical quality of soil on coal mine reclaimed land is needed to monitor and evaluate reclamation activities aimed at restoring and improving soil quality. The results of the evaluation of the quality of the physical properties of the soil are presented as an index of the physical quality of the soil which can be used as input for taking further soil management actions. This research aims to determine the characteristics of the physical properties of the soil and assess the physical quality of the soil on coal mine reclaimed land as outlined in the soil physical quality index (IKFT). This research was carried out from August to November 2022 on the reclaimed coal mine land of PT. Sumber Bara Abadi, Sumber Sari Village, Sebulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The method used in this research was a survey. Determining the location of soil samples was carried out using a purposive method based on reclaimed land cover, reclamation age, and slope. Data analysis was carried out directly in the field and soil analysis in the soil laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. The assessment of the IKFT is carried out after the analysis of the physical characteristics of the soil has been determined. The IKFT is measured by following a three-step procedure, namely identification of indicator data sets, interpretation of indicators, and integration of all indicator scores into one overall IKFT value. The research results show that (1) the physical characteristics of the soil are: soil texture varies between clay, clay loam, and sandy clay loam; Soil porosity is classified as poor and good; stability of aggregate is classified as less stable aggregate to very stable; Soil permeability is relatively slow and moderate; bulk density is classified as medium and slightly dense; surface rocks are abundant; the depth of the solum is classified as shallow and medium; and (2) the physical quality of the soil on reclaimed coal mine land is classified as rather low and moderate with limiting factors including a large amount of surface rock, large bulk density, low solum depth, and low aggregate stability.
A Comprehensive Review of Pseudocyesis and its Associated Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Harry Nkechinyere Mary , Folorunsho Ibrahim , Anona Kenechukwu , Okafor Nnenna , Anugwom Gibson O.
Published: May 2024

Background: Pseudocyesis (or pseudocyesis vera) also known as “phantom pregnancy” was previously described according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a false belief of being pregnant that is associated with objective signs and reported symptoms of pregnancy. The exact etiology and management of this rare disorder are not known but certain factors have been associated with this including the presence of certain psychiatric conditions.
Objective: This study aims to provide a better understanding of the factors associated with pseudocyesis including psychiatric disorders and available treatment modalities.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of literature on pseudocyesis in humans and its association with various psychiatric conditions. Available articles published from 1970 to January 2021 were included. Using the following keywords- “pseudocyesis, false pregnancy, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, phantom pregnancy”, relevant articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched and reviewed. Our initial search yielded 871 articles, out of which 14 were deemed fully eligible.
Results: According to our review, it has been found that various social and cultural factors such as strong cultural views on the need for childbearing as prerequisite for womanhood have led to the manifestation of this condition. The etiology of pseudocyesis is associated with various psychological and endocrine disturbances sometimes mediated by psychosomatic disorders.
Conclusion: Pseudocyesis could be associated with psychiatric conditions such as major depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, hypomania, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The treatment options may vary according to the presence of co-morbidities in different patients. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach encompassing gynecologists, psychologists and psychiatrists, is important in providing holistic care for this group of patients.
The Role of Urea Types in Minimizing Leaching Loss to Maximizing Its Use Efficiency
Authors: Channavar Vijayakumari Raveendra , K R Ashoka , K N Jakir Hussain , Tongali Nitin C , Santhkumar V B , B R Jagadeesh
Published: May 2024

The research aimed to investigate the behavior of nitrogen (N) when different types of urea fertilizers are used in Alfisol. Traditional chemical fertilizers have a low N use efficiency, around 30 to 35 percent, posing a significant challenge for improvement. This study sought to assess the effectiveness of urea coated with various materials compared to regular urea and prilled urea, focusing on how they affect N release dynamics and leaching losses. Results showed that urea coated with certain materials, such as CSPC @3% and neem-coated urea, resulted in lower levels of NH4+-N in the leachate compared to conventional and prilled urea. Specifically, CSPC @3% exhibited a gradual release pattern, with NH4+-N levels decreasing from 55.00 to 54.00 µg between the 0th and 50th day of leachate collection (DLC). Moreover, NO3--N levels were lowest in CSPC @3%, ranging from 17.71 to 31.00 µg during the same DLC period. These findings suggest that uncoated urea undergoes hydrolysis upon application, leading to conversion into various forms of nitrogen, including available, ammonical and nitrate. However, nitrate despite being present in smaller quantities is particularly susceptible to leaching losses. Therefore, the use of coated urea formulations like CSPC @3% and neem-coated urea can help minimize such losses, thus enhancing nitrogen use efficiency.
Sporicidal Treatments to Produce Germinated Finger Millet
Authors: H Jayashree , L Malashree , R Devaraju , H Arun Kumar , B P Pushpa , B Ramachandra
Published: May 2024

Aims: The current investigation was to ascertain the most efficient sporicidal treatment for germinated finger millet in order to inactivate the spores that could interfere with the fermentation process by acting as a competing microflora for starter culture during the manufacturing of probiotic millet food.
Study   Design:   By applying different dry and wet sporicidal treatments to the finger millet, the study attempted to inactivate the spores and create germinated finger millet. Following each treatment, the number of aerobic spores was enumerated by the pour plate technique.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dairy Microbiology, Dairy Science College, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India between June 2023 and April 2024.
Methodology: Both wet and dry sporicidal treatments were used. It comprised of blanching, autoclaving, hot air oven treatment and the combined treatment of hot air oven and autoclaving.
Results: Aerobic spore count were reduced from 3.86 to 1.00 log10 cfu/g after autoclaving finger millet for 30 min at 121℃. Considering that the autoclaving procedure did not encourage germination, sporicidal and fungicidal treatments were followed for 48 h germinated finger millet. After autoclaving germinated finger millet flour, the initial counts of spores and fungus which were 4.98 and 3.56 log10 cfu/g were completely eliminated. Statistically significant (P=.05) difference was found between the treatment sample and the control.
Conclusion: Autoclaving the germinated finger millet flour at 121℃ for 15 min resulted in a complete reduction of spores and fungus count. Hence, this treatment was followed during the preparation of probiotic millet food.
Investigation of the Ergonomics and Workload of Farm Women during in Planting and Weeding Operations
Authors: Patel Naveendra Kumar , Singh Shubham , Dwivedi Utkarsh
Published: May 2024

The study was done to determine the anthropometric, physical, physiological, and workload characteristics of women operators (N=7) during manual sowing and weeding activities for several medicinal plants. The planting and weeding activities were done using a shovel and a hand hoe. Anthropometric measurements were taken for women aged 20 to 50. The physiological fluctuations in chosen participants' energy and strength during different agricultural operations, as well as the implications in body part discomfort score, were evaluated. The average resting and working heart rates, EER, OCR, and BPDS are all measured to assess physiological characteristics. Female responders reported an average resting heart rate of 78.91 bpm for weeding and 81.46 bpm for planting. Planting and weeding had an average working heart rate of 100.85 and 97.14 (bpm, respectively). The average EER and OCR values for the relevant procedures were 6.35 and 5.31 (kJ/min) and 0.52 and 0.45 (l/min), respectively. The BPDS levels of the chosen participants were 19.5 and 21.4, respectively. The data imply that the workers were more compatible and comfortable when weeding using a hand hoe.
Comparative Analysis of Open v/s Protected Cut Flower Rose Farming in Karnataka, India
Authors: Gaddi G. M. , K. M Santhosha, , G. B Srinivasulu , Pavithra . , Yadava C.G. , M.D. Gagana, , Moulasab . , K. Chandan
Published: May 2024

In India, the floriculture industry is the second largest in the world, trailing only China. The total area under flower crops during 2023-24 was 285,000 hectares; production of loose flowers was estimated to be 21.52 lakh metric tons, and cut-flowers were 645 metric tons. Both fresh and dried cut flowers lead floriculture exports from India. (NHB, 2023-24). Among the plethora of flowers, the rose stands out as a plant with hundreds of species and thousands of cultivars, many of which are native to Asia. These roses are not only extensively used in commercial perfumery and pharmaceuticals but also as commercial cut flower crops. In the current era of commercialization, rose cultivation has expanded to both protected and open-field methods. Therefore, this study was undertaken to analyze the Comparative Analysis of Open vs. Protected Cut Flower Rose Farming in Karnataka. The study was based on primary data collected from 40 farmers each from both the districts, namely Chikkaballapura and Bengaluru Rural.
The data were analysed using cost and return analysis and capital budgeting techniques. The results obtained from this study indicated that the cultivation of roses was profitable under open and protected fields. But comparatively, the rate of return obtained from protected cultivation was higher, i.e., 54 per cent with a 1.58 B:C ratio, than open-field cultivation, i.e., 47 per cent with a 1.21 B:C ratio. Therefore, efforts should be made to educate the traditional rose farmers to adopt a better package of practices followed by protected farms and encourage them by providing cheaper institutional credit and subsidies.
Association between sociodemographic and obstetric factors of postpartum adolescents assisted in a public maternity / Associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e obstétricos de adolescentes puérperas assistidas em uma maternidade pública
Authors: Dias Ana Cleide da , Passos Sabrina Fernandes , Santos Iraneide Nascimento dos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: verificar associação entre as características sociodemográficas e obstétricas de adolescentes puérperas. Método: estudo transversal realizado entre dezembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021, por meio de entrevista com 52 adolescentes puérperas assistidas em maternidade pública. Resultados: predominância de adolescentes puérperas procedentes da zona urbana (61,5%), com cônjuge (82,7%), companheiro em atividade remunerada (71,2%), autodeclaradas não brancas (92,3%), ensino fundamental II ou médio (61,5%), trabalhando (65,4%) e com crença religiosa (78,8%). Não houve diferença no perfil sociodemográfico e obstétrico de adolescentes puérperas de  áreas urbanas e rurais; o início tardio do pré-natal (> 8 semanas) foi associado à menor idade das participantes; a não realização de exame Papanicolaou foi associada à condição de ter alguma ocupação; a ocorrência de intercorrência na gestação foi associada ao estado de viver com cônjuge ou companheiro. Conclusão: houve semelhança com o perfil de puérperas adolescentes apresentado na literatura.
Preventing falls in the hospital context: Perspective of nursing residents in light of environmental theory / Prevenção de quedas no contexto hospitalar: Perspectiva dos residentes de enfermagem à luz da teoria ambientalista
Authors: Monteiro Luise , Cristina Silva Pinto Ana
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: identificar e analisar a perspectiva dos residentes de enfermagem sobre prevenção de quedas no ambiente hospitalar à luz da teoria ambientalista de Florence Nigthingale.  Métodos: estudo descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. Esse trabalho é oriundo da dissertação intitulada: Medidas educativas implementadas por enfermeiros residentes aos pacientes vulneráveis a quedas no contexto hospitalar. Resultados: os participantes entendem que o ambiente hospitalar pode influenciar o risco de quedas. Entre os fatores ambientais mais citados são grades não elevados; Distância dos leitos do posto de enfermagem; banheiros insalubres.  Considerações Finais: os residentes demonstraram compreender quais são os fatores ambientais que impactam na queda e quais as ações pré estabelecidas para prevenir a ocorrências de quedas.  No entanto uma amostra maior, com método quantitativo, pode ser benéfico em estudos futuros.
Nursing care for users diagnosed with crohn's disease: an integrative review / Cuidados de enfermagem ao usuário diagnosticado com doença de crohn: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lima Maria Alice Nascimento de , Ferreira José Nacélio da Silva , Feitosa Andréa Couto , Sales Janayle Kéllen Duarte de , Borges Ana Maria Machado , Coelho Hercules Pereira
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: identificar os cuidados de enfermagem direcionados a usuários diagnosticados com a doença de Crohn. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados em Enfermagem, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Google Acadêmico. A amostra foi composta por sete estudos. Resultados: a análise dos estudos revela uma série de resultados significativos no contexto dos cuidados de enfermagem, podendo citar: a necessidade de planejar a assistência de enfermagem adaptada às particularidades da doença; a crescente relevância da telessaúde; monitoramento de sintomas, orientação nutricional, administração de medicamentos e apoio emocional, enfatizando a individualização desses cuidados. Considerações finais: os principais resultados do estudo destacam a importância dos cuidados de enfermagem centrados no bem-estar do usuário, controle da doença, apoio emocional e estímulo ao autocuidado.
Diagnosis and treatment of patients at Juquery hospital during the Vargas Era / Diagnósticos e tratamentos em pacientes no hospital do Juquery na Era Vargas
Authors: Escobar Sergio Roberto Holloway , Marcolan João Fernando
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: analisar diagnósticos e tratamentos em pacientes no Hospital do Juquery no período Vargas. Método: estudo quanti-qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, análise dos dados pelo referencial da análise documental e documentos históricos. Resultados: analisados 2.166 prontuários; épocas de conflitos sociais e guerras com incremento de prisões e internações; múltiplos diagnósticos para paciente; diagnósticos inconclusivos; principais diagnósticos: esquizofrenia (23,59%), psicose maníaca depressiva (4,20%), psicoses diversas (4,02%), delírio (3,83%), parafrenia (3,60%), depressão (3,19%), confusão mental (2,91%) configuravam 45,34% (982) do total; quadros sem serem estritamente psiquiátricos, mas poderiam ter sintomatologia derivada: sífilis (10,80%), deficiência intelectual (8,08%), epilepsia (4,06%), alcoolismo (3,81%); 2.023 (93,40%) prontuários sem observação médica; 08 (0,37%) pacientes diagnosticados “sem perturbação mental”; 37 (1,71%) “sem diagnóstico conclusivo”; 920 (42,47%) prontuários sem dados de tratamentos; 213 (9,83%) sem definição de tratamentos. Conclusão: múltiplos diagnósticos para mesmo indivíduo; alguns pacientes não tinham quadros psiquiátricos; tratamentos repetidos, majoritariamente orgânicos, não produziram resultados efetivos.
In Situ ATR‐FTIR Spectroscopy on the Deposition and Protein Interaction of Polycation/Alginate Multilayers
Authors: Müller Martin , Torger Bernhard , Keßler Bernd
Published: November 2010

We report in situ ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy studies of the deposition of biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) consisting of the polycation chitosan (CHT) or poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) and the polyanion sodium alginate (ALG) and their interactions with model‐protein human serum albumin (HSA). HSA‐adsorption data for PEI/ALG and CHT/ALG PEMs show the importance of the outermost polyelectrolyte (PEL) layer for protein interactions: CHT‐ or PEI‐terminated PEMs are highly attractive to HSA, while ALG‐terminated PEMs are repulsive, relevant for the generation of protein‐active or protein‐inert biomedical surfaces. The bound HSA is found to be located at the surface rather than the inner region of the PEM.
Characterization of a de novo balanced t(4;20)(q33;q12) translocation in a patient with mental retardation
Authors: Yamada Kenichiro , Fukushi Daisuke , Ono Takao , Kondo Yoko , Kimura Reiko , Nomura Noriko , Kosaki Ken‐jiro , Yamada Yasukazu , Mizuno Seiji , Wakamatsu Nobuaki
Published: November 2010

CHD6 is an ATP‐dependent chromatin‐remodeling enzyme, which has been implicated as a crucial component for maintaining and regulating chromatin structure. CHD6 belongs to the largest subfamily, subfamily III (CHD6–9), of the chromodomain helicase DNA (CHD‐binding protein) family of enzymes (CHD1–9). Here we report on a female patient with a balanced translocation t(4;20)(q33;q12) presenting with severe mental retardation and brachydactyly of the toes. We identified the translocation breakpoint in intron 27 of CHD6 at 20q12, while the 4q33 breakpoint was intergenic. Northern blot analysis demonstrated the CHD6 mRNA in the patient's lymphoblastoid cells was decreased to ∼50% of the control cells. To investigate the cellular mechanism of diseases resulting from decreased CHD subfamily III proteins, we knocked down CHD6 or CHD7 by RNA interference in HeLa cells and analyzed chromosome alignment. The both CHD6‐ and CHD7‐knockdown cells showed increased frequency of misaligned chromosomes on metaphase plates. Moreover, an elevated frequency of aneuploidy, the major cause of miscarriages and mental retardation, was observed in patients with CHD6 and CHD7 haploinsufficiency. These results suggest that CHD6 and CHD7 play important roles in chromatin assembly during mitosis and that mitotic delay and/or impaired cell proliferation may be associated with pathogenesis of the diseases caused by CHD6 or CHD7 mutations. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neocortical and hippocampal volume loss in a human ciliopathy: A quantitative MRI study in Bardet–Biedl syndrome
Authors: Baker Kate , Northam Gemma B. , Chong W.K. , Banks Tina , Beales Philip , Baldeweg Torsten
Published: November 2010

Cilia are ubiquitous cell surface organelles with diverse roles from embryogenesis to adult life. The neurodevelopmental functions of the cilium are currently under investigation in animal systems, but relevance to human brain development remains uncertain. We present the first systematic investigation of structural neuroanatomy in a ciliopathy—Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS). Qualitative and quantitative aspects of brain structure were evaluated via magnetic resonance imaging in 10 patients with BBS (ages 14–28 years). In comparison to age and gender‐matched healthy controls, BBS patients had significantly reduced total gray matter (GM) volume but no total white matter (WM) or cerebrospinal fluid volume changes. Voxel‐based morphometric analysis indicated regional GM volume loss bilaterally in the anterior temporal lobes and in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, and WM volume loss in the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Region‐of‐interest measurements revealed reduced volume of the hippocampus. Two patients were found to have ventriculomegaly. Global GM reduction and regional volume reductions in the temporal lobe may underlie the learning disabilities and behavioral problems experienced by some patients with BBS. These findings are consistent with previous observations in mouse models of BBS, and further implicate the cilium in neurodevelopmental processes relevant to human cognitive function. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exon expression and alternatively spliced genes in tourette syndrome
Authors: Tian Yingfang , Liao Isaac H. , Zhan Xinhua , Gunther Joan R. , Ander Bradley P. , Liu Dazhi , Lit Lisa , Jickling Glen C. , Corbett Blythe A. , Bos‐Veneman Netty G.P. , Hoekstra Pieter J. , Sharp Frank R.
Published: November 2010

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is diagnosed based upon clinical criteria including motor and vocal tics. We hypothesized that differences in exon expression and splicing might be useful for pathophysiology and diagnosis. To demonstrate exon expression and alternatively spliced gene differences in blood of individuals with TS compared to healthy controls (HC), RNA was isolated from the blood of 26 un‐medicated TS subjects and 23 HC. Each sample was run on Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST (HuExon) arrays and on 3′ biased U133 Plus 2.0 (HuU133) arrays. To investigate the differentially expressed exons and transcripts, analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed, controlling for age, gender, and batch. Differential alternative splicing patterns between TS and HC were identified using analyses of variance (ANOVA) models in Partek. Three hundred and seventy‐six exon probe sets were differentially expressed between TS and HC (rawP < 0.005, fold change >|1.2|) that separated TS and HC subjects using hierarchical clustering and Principal Components Analysis. The probe sets predicted TS compared to HC with a >90% sensitivity and specificity using a 10‐fold cross‐validation. Ninety genes (transcripts) had differential expression of a single exon (rawP < 0.005) and were predicted to be alternatively spliced (rawP < 0.05) in TS compared to HC. These preliminary findings might provide insight into the pathophysiology of TS and potentially provide prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. However, the findings are tempered by the small sample size and multiple comparisons and require confirmation using PCR or deep RNA sequencing and a much larger patient population. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infantile muscular dystrophy in Canadian aboriginals is an αB‐crystallinopathy
Authors: Del Bigio Marc R. , Chudley Albert E. , Sarnat Harvey B. , Campbell Craig , Goobie Sharan , Chodirker Bernard N. , Selcen Duygu
Published: November 2010

Objective:

A recessively transmitted fatal hypertonic infantile muscular dystrophy has been described in Canadian aboriginals. The affected infants present with progressive limb and axial muscle stiffness and develop severe respiratory insufficiency, and most die in the first year of life. We sought to determine the genetic basis of this disease.

Methods:

We performed histochemical, immunocytochemical, electron microscopy, and molecular genetic studies in a cohort of 12 patients affected by this disease.

Results:

Conventional histochemical and electron microscopy studies suggested myofibrillar myopathy (MFM). Therefore, we searched for ectopic expression of multiple proteins typical of MFM. Alpha B‐crystallin (αBC) expression was absent from all fibers using a monoclonal antibody raised against the entire protein. However, a monoclonal antibody directed against the first 10 residues of αBC immunostained portions of abnormal fibers. Pursuing this clue, we searched for mutations in the gene for αBC (CRYAB) in available DNA samples of 8 patients. All harbored a homozygous deletion, c.60C, predicting a Ser to Ala change at codon 21 and a stop codon after 23 missense residues (p.Ser21AlafsX24). Clinically unaffected parents were heterozygous for this mutation.

Interpretation:

The homozygous c.60delC in CRYAB pinpoints the genetic basis of the fatal infantile hypertonic muscular dystrophy of Canadian aboriginals. MFMs are typically transmitted by dominant inheritance, but in this disease the parental phenotype is rescued by limited expression of the highly truncated nonfunctional mutant gene product. The severe patient phenotype is due to homozygosity for the markedly hypomorphic allele. Ann Neurol, 2011
Effects of a moderate‐intensity static magnetic field and adriamycin on K562 cells
Authors: Hao Qi , Wenfang Chen , Xia Ai , Qiang Wei , Ying Liu , Kun Zhang , Runguang Sun
Published: November 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a moderate‐intensity static magnetic field (SMF) can enhance the killing effect of adriamycin (ADM) on K562 cells, and to explore the effects of SMF combined with ADM on K562 cells. We analyzed the metabolic activity of cells, cell cycle distribution, DNA damage, change in cell ultrastructure, and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) expression after K562 cells were exposed continuously to a uniform 8.8 mT SMF for 12 h, with or without ADM. Our results showed that the SMF combined with ADM (25 ng/ml) significantly inhibited the metabolic activity of K562 cells (P < 0.05), while neither ADM nor the SMF alone affected the metabolic activity of these cells. Cell ultrastructure was altered in the SMF + ADM group. For example, cell membrane was depressed, some protuberances were observable, and vacuoles in the cytoplasm became larger. Cells were arrested at the G2/M phase and DNA damage increased after cells were treated with the SMF plus ADM. ADM also induced the P‐gp expression. In contrast, in the SMF group and SMF + ADM group, the P‐gp expression was decreased compared with the ADM group. Taken together, our results showed that the 8.8 mT SMF enhanced the cytotoxity potency of ADM on K562 cells, and the decrease in P‐gp expression may be one reason underlying this effect. Bioelectromagnetics 32:191–199, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioethanol production from dedicated energy crops and residues in Arkansas, USA
Authors: Ge Xumeng , Burner David M. , Xu Jianfeng , Phillips Gregory C. , Sivakumar Ganapathy
Published: November 2010

Globally, one of the major technologic goals is to achieve cost‐effective lignocellulosic ethanol production from biomass feedstocks. Lignocellulosic biomass of four dedicated energy crops [giant reed (Arundo donax L.), elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach), Miscanthus × giganteus (Illinois clone), and (clone Q42641) {hybrid of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim)}, Hack. called giant miscanthus, and sugarcane clone US 84‐1028 (Saccharum L. spp. hybrid)] and residues from two crops [soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) litter and rice (Oryza sativa L.) husk] were tested for bioethanol production using cellulose solvent‐based lignocellulose fractionation (CSLF) pretreatment and enzymatic (cellulase) hydrolysis. Giant miscanthus (Illinois), giant reed, giant miscanthus (Q42641), elephantgrass, and sugarcane all yielded higher amount of glucose on a biomass dry weight basis (0.290–0.331 g/g), than did rice husk (0.181 g/g) and soybean litter (0.186 g/g). To reduce the capital investment for energy consumption in fermentation, we used a self‐flocculating yeast strain (SPSC01) to ferment the lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates. Bioethanol production was ∼0.1 g/g in dedicated energy crops and less in two crop residues. These methods and data can help to develop a cost‐effective downstream process for bioethanol production.
myo‐Inositol Trispyrophosphate: A Novel Allosteric Effector of Hemoglobin with High Permeation Selectivity across the Red Blood Cell Plasma Membrane
Authors: Duarte Carolina D. , Greferath Ruth , Nicolau Claude , Lehn Jean‐Marie
Published: November 2010

myo‐Inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP), a novel membrane‐permeant allosteric effector of hemoglobin (Hb), enhances the regulated oxygen release capacity of red blood cells, thus counteracting the effects of hypoxia in diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular ailments. ITPP‐induced shifting of the oxygen–hemoglobin equilibrium curve in red blood cells (RBCs) was inhibited by DIDS and NAP‐taurine, indicating that band 3 protein, an anion transporter mainly localized on the RBC membrane, allows ITPP entry into RBCs. The maximum intracellular concentration of ITPP, determined by ion chromatography, was 5.5×10−3 M, whereas a drop in concentration to the limit of detection was observed in NAP‐taurine‐treated RBCs. The dissociation constant of ITPP binding to RBC ghosts was found to be 1.72×10−5 M. All data obtained indicate that ITPP uptake is mediated by band 3 protein and is thus highly tissue‐selective towards RBCs, a feature of major importance for its potential therapeutic use.
Exercise: Kinetic Considerations for Gas Exchange
Authors: Rossiter Harry B.
Published: November 2010

The activities of daily living typically occur at metabolic rates below the maximum rate of aerobic energy production. Such activity is characteristic of the nonsteady state, where energy demands, and consequential physiological responses, are in constant flux. The dynamics of the integrated physiological processes during these activities determine the degree to which exercise can be supported through rates of O2utilization and CO2clearance appropriate for their demands and, as such, provide a physiological framework for the notion of exercise intensity. The rate at which O2exchange responds to meet the changing energy demands of exercise—its kinetics—is dependent on the ability of the pulmonary, circulatory, and muscle bioenergetic systems to respond appropriately. Slow response kinetics in pulmonary O2uptake predispose toward a greater necessity for substrate‐level energy supply, processes that are limited in their capacity, challenge system homeostasis and hence contribute to exercise intolerance. This review provides a physiological systems perspective of pulmonary gas exchange kinetics: from an integrative view on the control of muscle oxygen consumption kinetics to the dissociation of cellular respiration from its pulmonary expression by the circulatory dynamics and the gas capacitance of the lungs, blood, and tissues. The intensity dependence of gas exchange kinetics is discussed in relation to constant, intermittent, and ramped work rate changes. The influence of heterogeneity in the kinetic matching of O2delivery to utilization is presented in reference to exercise tolerance in endurance‐trained athletes, the elderly, and patients with chronic heart or lung disease. © 2011 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol1:203‐244, 2011.