bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Social Responsibility Activities of Enterprises from the Warmia and Mazury Region
Authors: Oliński Marian
Published: July 2015

In the future managers will have to take into account in their everyday decision-making processes the values promoted by corporate social responsibility. Apart from the consideration of the problems related to the market, profitability, sources of financing, etc. much attention will have to be paid to economic, social and ecological results of business activities, so to the ideas that form the foundations of the concept of corporate social responsibility. However, if businesses are to apply any new concept, method or management technique, it is necessary to familiarize themselves with it first. Therefore, the objective of the present research is the identification of the degree of the awareness of CSR concepts, their scope and the frequency of socially-responsible behaviours displayed among economic entities representing the warmińsko-mazurski region. The research objective was presented in the form of a question: Are companies operating in the warmińsko-mazurski region aware of the existence of the concepts of corporate social responsibility and do they understand them? In the light of the above objective the following research hypothesis was formulated: Entrepreneurs and employees of companies operating in the warmińsko-mazurskie province are familiarised with CSR concepts but to a small degree only and activities undertaken by them in this scope are usually of a temporary character and do not contribute to building the image of socially-responsible businesses. The studies were diagnostic and the research method applied was a diagnostic survey based on the developed questionnaire.
Shaping Corporate Social Responsibility in the Conditions of Cultural Differences Between the Cooperating Institutions
Authors: Adamik Anna
Published: July 2015

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is not only a philosophy of acting for many companies, but a basic strategy for building a competitive advantage. Unfortunately, in the conditions when as a result of globalization the bonds of international cooperation are becoming stronger and stronger, it is increasingly difficult to shape. The factor of significant influence here is the partners’ cultural diversity. Understanding the foundations of this diversity provides an opportunity to make more conscious decisions concerning the choice of partners and forms of cooperation. It also facilitates project-making and implementing CSR tools. The key issue here is the identification and evaluation of pro-social features of the partners’ culture. Choosing the partners from the culture suitable for implementing CSR allows to maximize its benefits. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the influence of national and organizational culture on the way of shaping CSR. In order to study the issue, the foundations of the topic, the nature of national and organizational culture, have been characterized. In addition, the underlying cultural differences and basic problems of shaping CSR have been signalled. The empirical demonstration of the issue are the results of CSR research in selected companies from different EU countries, but belonging to the same capital groups.
Position Auctions with Budget Constraints: Implications for Advertisers and Publishers
Authors: Lu Shijie , Zhu Yi , Dukes Anthony
Published: July 2015

This paper examines position auctions with budget-constrained advertisers, a dominant bidding environment used by publishers to allocate positions in online advertising. Budget constraints play a crucial role in equilibrium bidding by inducing advertisers to strategically deplete a higher-ranked advertiser’s budget to gain in rank. This strategic consideration has consequences for the advertisers’ profits and the publisher’s revenue. An advertiser’s profit can strictly decrease with her budget when competition for an advertising space (e.g., a keyword) is intense. The publisher’s revenue can also strictly decrease when an increase in the higher-ranked advertiser’s budget induces the lower-ranked rival to reduce her bid, due to her inability to deplete the higher-ranked advertiser’s budget. Several managerial implications for advertisers and publishers are discussed.
The Structural Virality of Online Diffusion
Authors: Goel Sharad , Anderson Ashton , Hofman Jake , Watts Duncan J.
Published: July 2015

Viral products and ideas are intuitively understood to grow through a person-to-person diffusion process analogous to the spread of an infectious disease; however, until recently it has been prohibitively difficult to directly observe purportedly viral events, and thus to rigorously quantify or characterize their structural properties. Here we propose a formal measure of what we label “structural virality” that interpolates between two conceptual extremes: content that gains its popularity through a single, large broadcast and that which grows through multiple generations with any one individual directly responsible for only a fraction of the total adoption. We use this notion of structural virality to analyze a unique data set of a billion diffusion events on Twitter, including the propagation of news stories, videos, images, and petitions. We find that across all domains and all sizes of events, online diffusion is characterized by surprising structural diversity; that is, popular events regularly grow via both broadcast and viral mechanisms, as well as essentially all conceivable combinations of the two. Nevertheless, we find that structural virality is typically low, and remains so independent of size, suggesting that popularity is largely driven by the size of the largest broadcast. Finally, we attempt to replicate these findings with a model of contagion characterized by a low infection rate spreading on a scale-free network. We find that although several of our empirical findings are consistent with such a model, it fails to replicate the observed diversity of structural virality, thereby suggesting new directions for future modeling efforts.

This paper was accepted by Lorin Hitt, information systems.
Empowering patients to self-manage in the context of incontinence
Authors: Kelly Anne Marie , Jordan Fionnuala
Published: July 2015

Chronic diseases cause complex challenges and difficulties for patients, families and health professionals. With the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, long-term treatment interventions may be required. Health professionals must empower patients to adhere to therapies and develop self-management strategies. The aetiology of bladder and bowel dysfunctions is multi-dimensional with some individuals who present with chronic disease being predisposed to urinary or faecal incontinence. This article will discuss the concepts of compliance, adherence and concordance approaches in the management of bladder and bowel dysfunction, focusing on the concept of self-management approaches to enhance patients' adherence to treatment regimens and maximise therapeutic outcomes.
A collaborative project to enhance efficiency through dressing change practice
Authors: Joy H. , Bielby A. , Searle R.
Published: July 2015

Objective:

A collaborative project between Hull CHCP and Smith and Nephew wound management, which sought to enhance practice efficiency, specifically in relation to the optimisation of dressing change frequency. The project involved the use of a new foam dressing (Allevyn Life, Smith & Nephew, Hull) designed to manage wound exudate more effectively, be more acceptable to patients by masking staining of the dressing surface, and to provide both the patient and clinical staff with an indicator for dressing change.

Method:

The project comprised a targeted programme of training and education to promote appropriate use of the new product and encourage practice change in dressing change frequency. The frequency of nursing visits, dressing changes and, where applicable, the reasons for a dressing change were documented pre- and post-implementation to determine the effect of this approach.

Results:

Switching to the new dressing was accompanied by a reduction in dressing change visit frequency in 97.3% (36/37) of patients. The mean reduction in dressing change frequency was 1.8 visits per week, representing a 50.0% reduction. Post-implementation the mean number of dressings used per patient per dressing change had fallen from 2.1 at baseline to 1.1 (a 47.6% reduction). Furthermore, at baseline an average of 9.8 dressings were used per week per patient. This fell to an average of 2.0 dressings per week per patient following implementation, a reduction in dressings per patient of 79.6%.

Conclusion:

The results illustrate that a much less complex approach to the use of dressing products can be achieved. Furthermore, they demonstrate that with the adoption of advanced practice-enhancing products, coupled with appropriate training, education and effective promotion of practice change, valuable nursing time can be released.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Noninvasive Genotyping of EGFR in Lung Cancer Patients by Deep Sequencing of Plasma Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Uchida Junji , Kato Kikuya , Kukita Yoji , Kumagai Toru , Nishino Kazumi , Daga Haruko , Nagatomo Izumi , Inoue Takako , Kimura Madoka , Oba Shigeyuki , Ito Yuri , Takeda Koji , Imamura Fumio
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND

Genotyping of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations is indispensable for making therapeutic decisions regarding whether to use EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for lung cancer. Because some cases might pose challenges for biopsy, noninvasive genotyping of EGFR in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) would be beneficial for lung cancer treatment.

METHODS

We developed a detection system for EGFR mutations in ctDNA by use of deep sequencing of plasma DNA. Mutations were searched in >100 000 reads obtained from each exon region. Parameters corresponding to the limit of detection and limit of quantification were used as the thresholds for mutation detection. We conducted a multi-institute prospective study to evaluate the detection system, enrolling 288 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

RESULTS

In evaluating the performance of the detection system, we used the genotyping results from biopsy samples as a comparator: diagnostic sensitivity for exon 19 deletions, 50.9% (95% CI 37.9%–63.9%); diagnostic specificity for exon 19 deletions, 98.0% (88.5%–100%); sensitivity for the L858R mutation, 51.9% (38.7%–64.9%); and specificity for L858R, 94.1% (83.5%–98.6%). The overall sensitivities were as follows: all cases, 54.4% (44.8%–63.7%); stages IA–IIIA, 22.2% (11.5%–38.3%); and stages IIIB–IV, 72.7% (60.9%–82.1%).

CONCLUSIONS

Deep sequencing of plasma DNA can be used for genotyping of EGFR in lung cancer patients. In particular, the high specificity of the system may enable a direct recommendation for EGFR-TKI on the basis of positive results with plasma DNA. Because sensitivity was low in early-stage NSCLC, the detection system is preferred for stage IIIB–IV NSCLC.
The Secret Doctrine and the Gigantomachia: Interpreting Plato’s Theaetetus-Sophist
Authors: Berman Brad
Published: July 2015

The Theaetetus’ ‘secret doctrine’ and the Sophist’s ‘battle between gods and giants’ have long fascinated Plato scholars. I show that the passages systematically parallel one another. Each presents two substantive positions that are advanced on behalf of two separate parties, related to one another by their comparative sophistication or refinement. Further, those parties and their respective positions are characterized in substantially similar terms. On the basis of these sustained parallels, I argue that the two passages should be read together, with each informing and constraining an interpretation of the other.
Cobertura televisiva da corrupção em anos eleitorais: uma análise do enquadramento do caso petrolão nos noticiários de emissoras pública e comercial
Authors: Coutinho Iluska , Filho José Tarcísio Oliveira
Published: July 2015

Meio de acesso à informação de significativa parcela da população brasileira, atelevisão ofereceria, por meio de seus telejornais, formas de acompanhamento do mundo e da política aos telespetadores, cidadãos. Se ao jornalismo caberia o papel de atuar como monitor independente, a proposta é analisar em que medida a cobertura televisiva da corrupção estaria estruturada sob a dimensão do escândalo, em anos eleitorais. A reflexão toma como objeto de análise a veiculação do caso Petrolão na mídia brasileira durante o segundo turno das eleições presidenciais de 2014. A cobertura midiática do escândalo, que começou no primeiro semestre daquele ano e envolveu a corrupção na petrolífera estatal Petrobrás, teve a repercussão ampliada diante da divulgação dos depoimentos do ex‑diretor de abastecimento da empresa, Paulo Roberto Costa, e doleiro Alberto Youssef duas semanas antes da votação do segundo turno. A análise da produção audiovisual veiculada tem como procedimento metodológico a análise de conteúdo, associada à dramaturgia do telejornalismo, utilizadas de modo a evidenciar as diferenças e semelhanças qualitativas e quantitativas nas coberturas no noticiário de uma emissora pública, o Repórter Brasil, da TV Brasil, e no de uma TV Comercial, o Jornal Nacional, da Rede Globo.
La clonación humana en los proyectos de ley de la Argentina: un análisis desde la lingüística sistémico-funcional
Authors: Calise Santiago Gabriel
Published: July 2015

El siguiente trabajo se propone analizar los proyectos de ley elaborados en la Argentina, con el fin de legislar el problema de la clonación humana, en sus diferentes variantes. El objetivo no será examinar el mero contenido de los textos, desde el punto de sus argumentos bioéticos, filosóficos o sociológicos, sino que se propone un análisis lingüístico a la luz de la lingüística sistémico-funcional desarrollada por Halliday. En este sentido, se tomarán bajo examen algunos de los componentes que conforman los tres niveles de significación que presenta un texto: los significados experienciales, los interpersonales y los textuales. A través de este abordaje se pretende iluminar la relación entre las selecciones semánticas y las léxico-gramaticales, particularmente obviadas en el debate de estas temáticas. Por medio de estos procedimientos, finalmente, se buscará reinterpretar la función social que cumplen estos textos.
Juegos digitales desde el punto de vista de los profesores. Una experiencia didáctica en aulas primaria catalanas
Authors: Eguia-Gómez José Luis , Contreras-Espinosa Ruth , Solano-Albajes Lluis
Published: July 2015

Este artículo presenta una experiencia didáctica centrada en la aplicación de un juego digital en las aulas catalanas de quinto y sexto grado de educación primaria. En él se explica y analizan los efectos de su aplicación en la práctica docente, tomando el punto de vista de los docentes que participaron de la experiencia. El documento se basa en el juego digital llamado Miquel Crusafont, un juego que cuenta con el apoyo de la Generalitat de Catalunya. El estudio obtiene las opiniones de un grupo seleccionado de once profesores –con edades entre 24 y 52– en relación a dicha innovación metodológica. Se llevaron acabo entrevistas con el fin de obtener el punto de vista del profesorado. Los resultados muestran que los educadores aprecian la potencialidad del juego digital para desarrollar diversas habilidades a través de áreas como las matemáticas y consideran la forma en como pueden alentar a los estudiantes a realizar algunas actividades de aprendizaje colaborativo. Señalaron, además, algunas dificultades para utilizar un juego digital de estas características en las aulas: falta un tiempo destinado específicamente a ello en el plan de estudios, algunos juegos en el mercado no son apropiados para la enseñanza o no cuentan con un manual de uso que muestre la potencialidad del juego.
Videojuegos y aprendizaje colaborativo. Experiencias en torno a la etapa de Educación Primaria.
Authors: Martín Del Pozo Marta
Published: July 2015

Los videojuegos no son solamente una forma de entretenimiento, sino también pueden ser utilizados como recurso educativo para el aprendizaje. En este sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática sobre experiencias e investigaciones del uso de videojuegos en la etapa de Educación Primaria (es decir, con alumnado de 6 a 12 años), pero, de manera particular, experiencias con un enfoque de aprendizaje colaborativo, y también con una evaluación pre y post del aprendizaje que muestre si los alumnos consiguieron ganancias de aprendizaje. Para conseguir dicho objetivo, el artículo está dividido en cinco secciones que muestran los principales aspectos relacionados con este tema: videojuegos en educación, aprendizaje colaborativo, la metodología para la revisión sistemática, resultados y conclusiones. Como resultado, 8 estudios cumplían los criterios de inclusión y fueron seleccionados para el análisis. En este sentido, mostramos que los videojuegos pueden ser utilizados bajo un enfoque de aprendizaje-trabajo colaborativo, en contraste a la idea extendida de que los videojuegos generan personas aisladas, sobre todo en el caso de los menores, y además, en general, los alumnos consiguen mejoras en su aprendizaje. En conclusión, los videojuegos pueden ser un buen recurso para el proceso de aprendizaje y, por ejemplo, pueden ser utilizados dentro de un enfoque de aprendizaje colaborativo pero es necesaria más información sobre esto debido a los límites que mostramos al final del artículo, como, por ejemplo, la necesidad de más estudios con evaluación pre y post de los logros de aprendizaje y que usen grupos de control y experimental.
Halo (Spillover) Effects in Social Media: Do Product Recalls of One Brand Hurt or Help Rival Brands?
Authors: Borah Abhishek , Tellis Gerard J.
Published: July 2015

Online chatter is important because it is spontaneous, passionate, information rich, granular, and live. Thus, it can forewarn and be diagnostic about potential problems with automobile models, known as nameplates. The authors define “perverse halo” (or negative spillover) as the phenomenon whereby negative chatter about one nameplate increases negative chatter for another nameplate. The authors test the existence of such a perverse halo for 48 nameplates from four different brands during a series of automobile recalls. The analysis is by individual and panel vector autoregressive models. The study finds that perverse halo is extensive. It occurs for nameplates within the same brand across segments and across brands within segments. It is strongest between brands of the same country. Perverse halo is asymmetric, being stronger from a dominant brand to a less dominant brand than vice versa. Apology advertising about recalls has harmful effects on both the recalled brand and its rivals. Furthermore, these halo effects affect downstream performance metrics such as sales and stock market performance. Online chatter amplifies the negative effect of recalls on downstream sales by about 4.5 times.
Risk factors affecting the development of nephrocalcinosis, the most common complication of hypophosphatemic rickets
Authors: Keskin Melikşah , Savaş-Erdeve Şenay , Sağsak Elif , Çetinkaya Semra , Aycan Zehra
Published: July 2015

The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of combined treatment with calcitriol and phosphate, to find out the incidence of the nephrocalcinosis, and to elucidate the risk factor of nephrocalcinosis in patients with hypophosphatemic rickets. We followed six patients. The median age at diagnosis was 3.25 (0.75–10.5) years. The median follow-up duration was 8.25 (3.5–12.5) years. The mean dose of calcitriol and phosphate treatments was 39.1±8 ng/kg/day, 90.5±57.1 mg/kg/day, respectively. Nephrocalcinosis was detected in three patients (50%). The mean dose of phosphate taken by the patients found to have nephrocalcinosis was detected to be high with a statistically significant difference (p=0.041). No significant relationship was found the mean dose of calcitriol. We found no relationship between the development of nephrocalcinosis and the incidence of hypercalciuria or hypercalcemia episodes. We found the increased phosphate dose administered for treatment to play a role in nephrocalcinosis development.
Trophic similarity and coexistence of Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium (Phyllostomidae), two sympatric fruit bats from the Brazilian Atlantic forest
Authors: Sartore Eduardo Ribeiro , dos Reis Nelio Roberto
Published: July 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between availability and consumption of food for two species of Neotropical fruit bats
Curvature Concentrations on the HIV-1 Capsid
Authors: Liu Jiangguo , Sadre-Marandi Farrah , Tavener Simon , Chen Chaoping
Published: July 2015

It is known that the retrovirus capsids possess a fullerene-like structure. These caged polyhedral
arrangements are built entirely from hexagons and exactly 12 pentagons according to the Euler theorem. Viral
capsids are composed of capsid proteins, which create the hexagon and pentagon shapes by groups of six
(hexamer) and five (pentamer) proteins. Different distributions of these 12 pentamers result in icosahedral,
tubular, or conical shaped capsids. These pentamer clusters introduce declination and hence curvature on
the capsids. This paper provides explicit and quantitative characterization of curvature on virus capsids. The
concept of curvature concentration is also introduced. For the HIV (5,7)-cone, it is shown that the curvature
concentration at the narrow end is about at least four times higher than that at the broad end. Our modeling
results about curvature concentrations on HIV-1 capsids echo the results in the literature that the pentamers
are in the regions with the highest stress, although the connection between the two approaches (curvature
concentration and stress) is to be explored. This also leads to a conjecture that “HIV-1 capsid narrow end may
close last during maturation but open first during entry into a host cell".
Crystal structure of bis(N,N,N-triethylammonium) bis(tetraselenido-κ2Se1,Se4)palladate(II), C12H32N2PdSe8
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo , Kim Jinhee
Published: July 2015

C12H32N2PdSe8, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 17.493(3) Å, b = 8.109(1) Å, c = 17.326(2) Å, V = 2457.6 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0270, wRref(F2) = 0.0565, T = 173 K.
Damping and vibration characteristics of basalt-aramid/epoxy hybrid composite laminates
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Bozkurt Ömer Yavuz , Erkliğ Ahmet
Published: July 2015

Damping and vibration characteristics of basalt-aramid/epoxy hybrid composites with different basalt/aramid fiber mixing ratios were investigated. Unidirectional basalt and twill weave aramid fibers were used as reinforcement. Non-hybrid basalt/epoxy and aramid/epoxy composite laminates were also fabricated for comparison. Dynamic characteristics of the composite laminates were determined experimentally using dynamic modal analysis. Damping properties were calculated with the logarithmic decrement method using a vibration response envelope curve. Loss modulus, storage modulus and damping ratio of the structures were also considered. It was observed that the results of hybrid configurations showed a distribution between non-hybrid basalt/epoxy and aramid/epoxy composites. Furthermore, the employment of aramid fibers in composite laminates enhances the damping properties of laminates, but reduces the strength values.
Implicit Preferences for Straight People over Lesbian Women and Gay Men Weakened from 2006 to 2013
Authors: Westgate Erin C. , Riskind Rachel G. , Nosek Brian A.
Published: July 2015

Legal rights and cultural attitudes towards lesbian women and gay men have shifted rapidly in the early 21st century. Using 683,976 visitors to Project Implicit from February 2006 to August 2013, we investigated whether shifts were also observable in implicit evaluations that occur outside of conscious awareness or control. Similar to public opinion polling, the estimated explicit preference for straight people over lesbian women and gay men was 26% weaker on the last day compared to the first. The estimated implicit preference for straight people declined by 13.4% over the same period. The largest shifts in implicit evaluations occurred among Hispanic, White, female, liberal, and young adult participants; the smallest shifts occurred among Black, Asian, male, conservative, and older adult participants. Societal change in evaluation of lesbian and gay people is not limited to what people are willing and able to report. However, change in implicit evaluation appears to be slower.
Long-term accessibility of e-books
Authors: Krtalić Maja , Hasenay Damir
Published: July 2015

The traditional life cycle of books has gone through many changes in the digital environment - enough to start questioning the effects of such changes on the process of creating, publishing, distributing, reading and preserving books. This paper focuses on issues concerning the preservation and archiving of published authors’ works in the digital environment for the purpose of their long-term accessibility. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of relevant legal, technical, societal and organisational issues from which challenges, obstacles and responsibilities in ensuring long-term accessibility of e-books arise. Issues related to authorship, editions, changes in content, copyright and digital rights management, selection criteria for preservation, and preservation responsibility will be discussed, specifically focusing on libraries’ and publishers’ roles in this process. The paper is based on a literature review and content analysis aiming to answer two basic research questions: What specific characteristics of e-books influence their preservation possibilities? Who is responsible for long-term accessibility of e-books?
Postnatal overnutrition programs the thyroid hormone metabolism and function in adulthood
Authors: Lisboa Patricia C , Conceição Ellen P S , de Oliveira Elaine , Moura Egberto G
Published: July 2015

Early overnutrition (EO) during lactation leads to obesity, leptin resistance and lower thyroid hormone (TH) levels during adulthood. To better understand the biological significance of this thyroid hypofunction, we studied the long-term effects of postnatal EO on both the function of hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis and the metabolism and action of TH. To induce EO, the litter size was reduced to three pups per litter (small litter (SL) group) on the third day of lactation. In the controls (normal litter group), litter size was adjusted to 10 pups per litter. Rats were killed at PN180. TRH content andin vitroTSH were evaluated. Iodothyronine deiodinase (D1 and D2) activities were measured in different tissues. Mitochondrial α-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPD), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and TH receptor (TRβ1) were evaluated to assess TH action. The SL group presented lower TRH, intra-pituitary and released TSH levels, despite unchanged plasma TSH. They presented lower D1 activity in thyroid, muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) and higher D2 activity in the hypothalamus, pituitary, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and WAT, which confirmed the hypothyroidism. UCP1 in BAT and TRβ1 in WAT were decreased, which can contribute to a lower catabolic status. Despite the lower TH, the D2 activity in the thyroid, heart and testes was unchanged. Hepatic D1, mGPD and TRβ1 were also unchanged in SL rats, suggesting that the TH conversion and action were preserved in the liver, even with lower TH. Thus, this model indicates that postnatal EO changes thyroid function in adult life in a tissue-specific way, which can help in the understanding of obesogenesis.
Hydroxyapatite from Natural Resources
Authors: Csaba Balazsi  , Katalin Balazsi
Published: July 2015

The improve of well-being and longevity of the population in Europe results in an increasing demand for the development of biocompatible materials with new properties which can be applied as implants for several decades. The one of most used biomaterial worldwide is a hydroxyapatite (HAP). This chemically similar material to the mineral component of bone and hard tissues is one of the bioactive materials, which can react with the tissue and generates good chemical bonding. The different preparation routes of HAP are known. In this study, the environmental friendly and cheap process from natural resources is shown. The examination of biogenic HAP confirmed the submicron sized structure with ~ 100 – 150 nm globular grains. The measurements confirmed the high structural stability of HAP grains.
Formation of positive motivation as the basis of students will qualities’ perfection in physical culture practicing
Authors: Dudnyk I.O.
Published: July 2015

Purpose: to theoretically substantiate and test experimentally pedagogic conditions of positive motivation’s formation as the basis for students will and physical qualities’ perfection in physical culture practicing. Material: 244 first year students participated in experiment. At the beginning and at the end of experiment levels of manifestation of students’ will and physical qualities were assessed. Results: we have proved successfulness of will training if this process is naturally coincides with formation of positive motivation and perfection of motor fitness. It was found that motivation for physical culture practicing result from different demands: demand in motion, demand in fulfillment of student’s duties and demand in competition functioning. Conclusions: we have offered the following pedagogic conditions: application of game and competition methods: setting of appropriate for students tasks of training; usage of sufficient sport equipment and apparatuses; forcing of students for independent physical culture practicing through system of encouragement.
Study of specificities of arm wrestlers’ psychological status in competition period
Authors: Podrigalo L. V. , Galashko M. N. , Galashko N. I.
Published: July 2015

Purpose: researching and analysis of psychological status dynamic of different qualification arm-wrestlers in competitions’ condition. Material: in the research 21 students-sportsmen of 17-24 years’ age participated. Results: before the beginning of competition experienced sportsmen are characterized by higher workability in comparison with beginners - (56.61±8.31) % against (23.23±11.93) %. After competitions among experienced sportsmen 57.14% had reduced anxiety; 71.43% - reduced activity and self-feeling; 50% - had worse mood. After competitions among sportsmen-beginners 73.73% demonstrated reduction of workability; 54.54% had weakened activity, mood and self-feeling. We established significant prevalence of statistically confident correlations among experienced sportsmen: 65.15% against 46.97%. Contribution of psychological components in system of sportsmen-beginners is significantly lower than of experienced sportsmen. Conclusions: we determined certain changes of psychological status of arm-wrestlers of different qualification under influence of competitions. For experienced sportsmen we confirmed more optimal status and favorable dynamic, illustrating high reliability of functioning.
Competências relacionais e preservação da intimidade no processo de cuidar
Authors: Zangão Maria Otília , Mendes Felismina Rosa Parreira
Published: July 2015

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o desenvolvimento e a mobilização de competências relacionais, centrais no processo de cuidar, pelo estudante de enfermagem ao longo do seu processo de formação. Método: estudo descritivo-correlacional de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída pelos estudantes do curso de enfermagem de uma Escola Superior de Saúde, no litoral de Portugal e os dados foram coletados através do Inventário de Competências Relacionais de Ajuda, já testado. Resultados: os estudantes adquirem gradualmente as competências genéricas, competências de comunicação e competências de contacto, atingindo a média mais alta no último ano do curso, enquanto na subescala competências empáticas os estudantes do 2º ano apresentam um valor médio superior. Conclusão: a idade e o ano do curso são variáveis decisivas na aquisição de competências específicas (empáticas e comunicação) pelos estudantes de enfermagem.
Fragilidades da conservação de vacina nas Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Oliveira Valéria Conceição de , Gallardo Maria Del Pilar Serrano , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Pinto Ione Carvalho
Published: July 2015

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar por meio da abordagem qualitativa a conservação de vacinas nas Unidades de Atenção Primária à saúde. Método: pesquisa avaliativa, de abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas 30 entrevistas com enfermeiros, técnicos ou auxiliares de enfermagem e referência técnica em imunização, responsáveis pelas 12 salas de vacina que obtiveram 100% dos critérios estruturais avaliados. Os depoimentos dos sujeitos foram gravados, organizados e analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade temática. Resultados: a avaliação apontou um desconhecimento dos enfermeiros e técnicos ou auxiliares de enfermagem sobre os efeitos da baixa temperatura sobre as vacinas. Entraves também foram encontrados em relação à supervisão do enfermeiro nas atividades em sala de vacina e em relação ao conhecimento necessário dos trabalhadores para o cuidado com a sua conservação. Conclusão: a conservação de vacina não está adequada e pode comprometer a qualidade do imunobiológico dispensado à população.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A ESTRATÉGIA DE PRODUÇÃO E A PRÁTICA DA INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA: UM ESTUDO EM UMA EMPRESA PRODUTORA DE ALUMÍNIO
Authors: GUIMARÃES MÁRCIA REGINA NEVES , LARA FELIPE FERREIRA DE , TRINDADE RAISSA OLIVEIRA PEROBA
Published: July 2015

RESUMO A inovação tem sido considerada de fundamental importância para organizações que competem em ambientes dinâmicos. Verifica-se, assim, uma estreita relação entre as estratégias organizacionais e a prática da inovação. No que se refere à estratégia competitiva, sabe-se que ela pode tanto estimular quanto inibir tal prática. A estratégia de produção, por sua vez, deve estar alinhada à estratégia competitiva e ter um conteúdo (formado pelas prioridades competitivas e áreas de decisão) definido de forma que sustente a posição competitiva da organização. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como a inovação tecnológica (de produto e de processo) se insere no conteúdo da estratégia de produção de uma empresa produtora de alumínio da região de Sorocaba. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, que utiliza o estudo de caso como método de procedimento. A empresa analisada na pesquisa está presente nos setores de metais, cimento, energia, siderurgia, celulose, agroindústria, finanças, além de investir em empresas em estágio inicial com alto potencial de crescimento. A unidade de negócios selecionada para o estudo de caso restringe sua produção a itens de alumínio, atuando nos segmentos de transporte, embalagem, eletricidade, construção civil e bens de consumo. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas e observações que tiveram como foco o setor de laminação da unidade em estudo. Entre as principais conclusões, verificou-se que, nesse caso, há uma maior ocorrência da inovação de processo do que da inovação de produto. Como prioridades competitivas, observou-se a ênfase nas prioridades flexibilidade e custo. A inovação não é vista na empresa como uma prioridade competitiva, no entanto constatou-se que ela ocorre muitas vezes como forma de melhor desenvolver as prioridades flexibilidade e custo. Enquanto algumas características referentes às áreas de decisão facilitam a prática da inovação, como é o caso da integração vertical, outras (principalmente organizacionais) poderiam ser mais bem desenvolvidas para suportar melhor a inovação.
Irrigation and fungicide application on disease occurrence and yield of early and late sown sunflower
Authors: Maldaner Ivan C. , Heldwein Arno B. , Bortoluzzi Mateus P. , Loose Luis H. , Lucas Dionéia D. P. , Silva Jocélia R. da
Published: July 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation and fungicide application on the occurrence of diseases and cypsela yield of two genotypes of sunflower. The experiments were carried out in Santa Maria-RS, during the regular season in 2007 and the late season, in 2008. Plants were sown on 04/09/2007 and 21/01/2008, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. A 2 x 6 factorial scheme was used, with the sunflower genotypes Aguará 03 and Hélio 358 and six fungicide application schemes, which were determined by the FAST forecasting system, as follows: FAST 16, FAST 22 and FAST 28, without irrigation, FAST 16 IRR under irrigated condition, in addition to irrigated control (CONTROL IRR) and control (CONTROL). Disease progress was analyzed based on weekly observations of the severity of the symptoms. It was verified that irrigation increases sunflower cypsela yield in the regular season, provided that weather conditions are not favorable for the occurrence of alternaria and septoria leaf blights or that fungicides are applied. In the late season, under irrigated condition, fungicide application is necessary to control alternaria and septoria leaf blights.
Lettuce growth and water consumption in NFT hydroponic system using brackish water
Authors: Soares Hammady R. , Silva Ênio F. de F. e , Silva Gerônimo F. da , Pedrosa Elvira M. R. , Rolim Mario M. , Santos Alexandre N.
Published: July 2015

The qualitative aspects of water, such as the preparation or replenishment of the nutrient solution, are critical to the success of hydroponic crops. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of “Americana” lettuce (cv. Tainá) under increasing levels of saline stress (0.2 - control, 1.2, 2.2, 3.2, 4.2 and 5.2 dS m-1), replenishing the evapotranspiration with brackish water in Experiment I and supply water (0.2 dS m-1) in Experiment II, both used in the preparation of the nutrient solution. In both experiments, the treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with six treatments and four replicates. Shoot fresh matter, shoot dry matter and leaf area in Experiment I suffered reductions of 15.22, 12.67 and 15.6% per unit increase of EC, respectively. In Experiment II, reductions of 8.01, 6.90 and 8.14% were observed for the same variables, respectively. In Experiments I and II, linear decrease in water consumption due to the increase in salinity was observed, with reductions of 8.83 and 5.63% for each unit increase of electrical conductivity of water when the evapotranspiration was replenished using brackish and supply water, respectively.
Organic residues on rooting and yield of sugarcane in Typic Quartzipsamments soil
Authors: Pina José C. , Bono José A. M. , Oliveira Ademir K. M. de , Rufino Rodrigo dos S. , Amorim Diogo O.
Published: July 2015

The use of renewable residues as a source of nutrients, associated with chemical input, can provide better efficiency, greater amount of nutrients available to the plant and reduce its application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different organic residues associated with chemical fertilizer (NPK) on sugarcane rooting and yield. The experiment was conducted in a Typic Quartzipsamments soil, located in Campo Grande-MS, Brazil, from October 2010 to September 2013. The plots were 4 x 5 m (20 m2), set in a randomized block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of poultry litter (10 t ha-1), filter cake (10 t ha-1), vermicompost (10 t ha-1) and vinasse (300 m3 ha-1), all associated with basic NPK fertilizer, and control (only basic fertilization). All sources were applied in the furrows before planting, with the exception of vinasse, which was applied through fertigation. The results showed that treatment with filter cake obtained the highest amount of roots with yield gain in the 1st and 2nd harvests.
Propriedades físicas de painéis aglomerados de madeira produzidos com adição de película de polipropileno biorientado
Authors: Macedo Laurenn B. de , Ferro Fabiane S. , Varanda Luciano D. , Cavalheiro Raquel S. , Christoforo André L. , Lahr Francisco A. Rocco
Published: July 2015

No Brasil, as últimas décadas foram marcadas pela crescente produção de paineis de madeira seguida pelo aumento do consumo nacional; isto descreve o quão promissora é a área devido à sua grande potencialidade quanto ao desenvolvimento de novos produtos e tecnologias; como exemplo disto existe a possibilidade de mistura entre materiais lignocelulósicos e os diversos resíduos produzidos pela sociedade. Entre tais resíduos o plástico é o que apresenta maior abundância nos descartes domésticos. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou determinar propriedades físicas de paineis aglomerados homogêneos confeccionados com partículas de madeira de Eucalyptus sp e Pinus sp e de embalagens de película de polipropileno biorientado tendo, como adesivo, a resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona. Foram avaliadas as propriedades: inchamento em espessura e absorção de água, com corpo de prova com e sem impermeabilização, e massa específica. Concluiu-se que, dos fatores investigados, apenas o uso do impermeabilizante foi significativo. De acordo com a ANSI A208.1 (ANS, 1999) os paineis produzidos são classificados como de alta massa específica (H). Relativamente ao inchamento em espessura por 2 h, os paineis atenderam ao exigido pela NBR 14810 (ABNT, 2013) para espessura de 8 a 13 mm.
Indução de ivermectina na hormese sobre Eisenia foetida durante a vermicompostagem de esterco bovino
Authors: Tuerlinckx Sandro M. , Morselli Tânia B. G. A. , Huber Ana C. K.
Published: July 2015

Os medicamentos veterinários são, em sua maioria, excretados nas fezes de animais tratados demonstrando que os fármacos da classe das avermectinas podem ter efeitos nocivos sobre os organismos não alvo, caso se utilizem das fezes. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos subletais da ivermectina sobre as minhocas Eisenia foetida expostas às concentrações de ivermectina a 0, 1, 5, 10, 50 e 100 mg kg-1; amostras foram tomadas nos dias 7, 14 e 28 de exposição para determinação da sobrevivência, crescimento, produção de casulos e atividades enzimáticas, além de estudadas as alterações químicas e a atividade microbiana do vermicomposto não se observando, no entanto, efeitos negativos da ivermectina quanto à mortalidade de minhocas; da mesma forma, as características químicas e a atividade microbiana do vermicomposto não foram afetadas porém os resultados demonstraram que a ivermectina induz, quando em baixas concentrações, a um aumento na atividade da fosfatase alcalina e no crescimento de E. foetida mas altas concentrações inibiram esses parâmetros, o que foi refletido numa curva em forma de U invertido, uma representação gráfica do efeito hormético.
Composto de resíduos da fabricação de papel e celulose na produção de mudas de eucalipto
Authors: Toledo Fábio H. S. F. de , Venturin Nelson , Carlos Leandro , Dias Bruna A. S. , Venturin Regis P , Macedo Renato L. G.
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de testar substratos obtidos a partir da combinação de um composto orgânico oriundo de resíduos do processo de fabricação de celulose, com um substrato base de controle. O estudo foi realizado no viveiro florestal da Universidade Federal de Lavras utilizando-se sementes do híbrido Eucalyptus “urograndis”. Foram testados seis tratamentos com doses crescentes de composto orgânico. O experimento foi implantado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos, cinco repetições e 30 mudas por parcela. A avaliação dos substratos foi mensurada através da análise do crescimento das plantas, ao longo do tempo e de sua qualidade, ao final do processo de produção. Quanto às análises de crescimento e à qualidade das mudas, os tratamentos que continham 60 e 80% de composto orgânico apresentaram as melhores respostas. Concluiu-se que a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus “urograndis” com os substratos testados mostrou-se tecnicamente viável de acordo com as características e os índices analisados.
Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed in Winter Wheat
Authors: Mahoney Kris J. , McNaughton Kristen E. , Sikkema Peter H.
Published: July 2015

Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evaluate POST herbicides for the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed. POST herbicides were evaluated for winter wheat injury and GR giant ragweed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. The herbicides used in this study provided 54 to 90% and 51 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed at 4 and 8 wk after treatment (WAT), respectively. At 8 WAT, auxinic herbicide treatments or herbicide tank mix/premix treatments that contained auxinics provided 78 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed. Reductions in GR giant ragweed population density and aboveground biomass were 62 to 100% and 83 to 100%, respectively, and generally reflected the level of control. The results of this research indicate that Ontario, Canada, corn and soybean growers should continue to incorporate winter wheat into their crop rotation as one component of an integrated weed management (IWM) strategy for the control of GR giant ragweed.
Studies on strength and weight loss of paper concrete
Authors: Balaga Hemanth Kumar , Nanthagopalan Prakash
Published: July 2015

Huge amounts of waste paper are discarded every year, of which only a minute fraction is recycled and the rest is dumped in landfills. Paper fibres can only be recycled a limited number of times before they become too short or weak to make high-quality recycled paper. This eventually adds to the amount of waste paper being generated and not recycled. It would thus be advantageous to use this waste as a low-cost sustainable construction material and make it a value-added product. In this study, Portland pozzolana cement (fly ash based), waste newsprint paper and water were used to prepare paper concrete cubes. Initially, investigations were performed to determine the optimum soaking time required for softening the paper fibres of the newsprint paper. The study mainly addressed the strength and weight loss of the paper concrete cubes with age. The results indicate that, at 28 d, the paper concrete lost 25–50% of its initial weight and a maximum cubic compressive strength of 5·40 MPa was obtained.