bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GLOBALIZATION AND THE BASIC CHANGES OF MODERN CONSTITUTIONS
Authors: Чиркин Вениамин , CHirkin Vyeniamin
Published: March 2016

On the basis of a positive and contrasting comparison, as well as content analysis of new constitutions and fundamental amendments to them the changes in their content, which occur as a result of the modernization, integration and globalization are considered. Modernization and economic (in fact, the economic and political) integration of states leads to the creation of a new form of supranational public legal formation with a different quality of public authorities and supranational law (the most prominent example is the European Union), as globalization leads to the spread of the general regulations of constitutional development in new countries and peoples. The processes of internationalization of the constitutions, the new phenomenon of constitutional convergence, harmonization and antagonisms on a world scale are appeared. Constitutional globalization is seen as the most general direction of development of the constitutional law of the world countries. Modernization and economic integration of states often involves the adoption of the principal amendments to the Constitution, “the Basic Law”, or even the whole constitution in the Muslim fundamentalism countries, where such a document as the Constitution, previously was considered unacceptable and was replaced by the Quran and Sunnah. In the countries of totalitarian socialism the processes of convergence has occurred (on the aspects of regulation of economic relations), but there is no harmonization, there are antagonisms with the constitutional decision of the basic questions of social and political system. In the states — members of the European Union the traditional position of the State Sovereignty is revised, new views on the national and supranational authorities are appeared. The mutual influence of international, supranational (so far only in the EU) and constitutional law takes place.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF KAZAKH WHITE BREED HEIFERS BLOOD WITH USE OF THE FEED ADDITIVE BIODARIN
Authors: Долженкова  , Dolzhenkova Galina , Тагиров  , Tagirov Khamit , Гизатова  , Gizatova Natalya
Published: March 2016

The research objective is improvement of the productive qualities of Kazakh white breed heifers by introducing in addition to the basic diet of different doses of feed additives BioDarin. Currently raising meats-term productivity of livestock through a full feeding is promising direction. One way of addressing this issue is the use in the diet of animals. One of the promising supplements is BioDarin. Scientific and economic experiment was carried out on the basis of JSC AIC «Alga+» Tuimazinsk district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. For the experiment there were formed 4 groups of heifers of Kazakh white breed: group I – control; group II heifers in addition to the basic diet received a feed additive in a dose of 0.5 kg per 100 kg of grain mixture, the animals of group III received 1 kg of the feed additive per 100 kg of grain mixture, peers IV groups received 1.5 kg of a grain mixture. Among the studied groups, heifers of the III experienced group receiving feed additive at a dose of 1.0 kg per 100 kg of grain mixture, had better hematological indices. In the course of the research established that the highest levels of productivity and better metabolism differed heifers, which were included in the diet a food additive BioDarin.
CEPHUS PYGMAEUS INFLUENCE FOR WINTER WHEAT GRAIN DAMAGED BY HAPLOTHRIPS TRITICI AND EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS, DEPENDING ON YEAR CLIMATE, VARIETY AND SURFACE MEZOFORMS IN THE SAMARA REGION FORESTS
Authors: Лысиков  , Lysikov Pavel
Published: March 2016

The purpose of research is the reduction of wheat grain damage and bugs. Investigations were carried out by mezoform of the relief at the surfase profile length of about 8 km in soft winter wheat crops four grades: without a trace – Volga 86, Kinelsky 8, spinous – Kinel 4 and Konstantinovskaya. The damage of the grain of wheat thrips and chinch in the ears of the sawfly larvae from damaged and undamaged stems established under a microscope MBS-10 as described in V. I. Tanskiy. According to the degree of deformation grooves grain wheat thrips larvae distinguished three degrees of damage: mild, moderate and severe. From one field for the analysis was taken 200 grains damaged and non-damaged shoots. Grain damage thrips larvae and integricepsur chinch were led away from dry to wet years. In the wet 2011 damage of wheat thrips ears on stalks, damaged and undamaged sawfly did not differ significantly, but on average in 2012 and moistened arid 2014 it increased 11-31%. The damage of wheat grain chinch shoots with damaged sawfly in 2011 and 2012. It was significantly higher than with intact in arid 2014 it was lower. Grain damage thrips decreased by 42-47% on top of the slope to 26-30% - on the bottom. The smallest grain damage thrips was in grade Povolzskay 86. All varieties of the number of damaged grain pests was higher in the ear on the sawfly larvae intact stems.
Using Means Objectives to Present Risk Information
Authors: Huynh Candice H. , Simon Jay
Published: March 2016

When making decisions involving alternatives with risk, individuals are often unable to express or view the possible outcomes in terms of a fundamental objective. In many cases, using a means objective is more practical or more accessible. However, to apply information about a means objective correctly, a decision maker must first translate it into information about a fundamental objective. This paper presents and discusses the results of two experiments regarding decision makers’ preferences and decision process when information is presented either in terms of a means objective or a fundamental objective. We find that individuals are somewhat more likely to choose a risky alternative when information is expressed in terms of means objectives than in terms of fundamental objectives, and that this difference is not significantly smaller among individuals with greater quantitative ability. Individuals are also better able to articulate their decision process when given information related to fundamental objectives than they are with information related to means objectives. In addition, we find that individuals who focus on the uncertainty involved in a decision are more likely to choose a sure thing, whereas individuals who focus on consequences are more likely to choose a gamble.
When Suppliers Climb the Value Chain: A Theory of Value Distribution in Vertical Relationships
Authors: Wan Zhixi , Wu Brian
Published: March 2016

Although offshore outsourcing has become an important strategy to lower production costs among Western firms, it gives rise to the phenomenon of value chain climbing—suppliers in emerging markets can develop capabilities by supplying, with aspirations to compete with the buyers in the product market. We build an analytical model to study the impact of value chain climbing on value distribution in vertical relationships. The analysis identifies a set of dominant relationships, characterizes how the buyer’s optimal choice among these relationships depends on firms’ relative competitiveness in the product market and the supplier’s speed of capability development, and shows how the optimal choice evolves with the dynamics of the supplier’s capability development. The results provide new insights into our understanding of value distribution in vertical relationships across different contexts and over time. By endogenizing the supplier’s entry into the product market, our study enriches the literatures on vertical relationships, market entry, and the management of global value chains.

This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Early days
Authors: Mitchell Briony
Published: March 2016

Briony Mitchell MSc (Hons), Senior nutritionist at Baileys Horse Feeds, discusses the nutritional management of the suckling foal through to weaning
Family friendly rights
Authors: Prately Victoria
Published: March 2016

Victoria Prately, Price Bailey Legal Services LLP, discusses the legislation concerning benefits and flexible working around dependents, specifically in relation to pregnancy and maternity
Kajian potensi kawasan mangrove di kawasan pesisir Teluk Pangpang, Banyuwangi
Authors: Budi Raharja Apriadi , Widigdo Bambang , Sutrisno Dewayani
Published: March 2016

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi ekonomi kawasan mangrove serta potensi luas kawasan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sempadan pantai. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu nilai ekonomi mangrove di bagian barat Teluk Pangpang dengan menggunakan metode effect on production (EOP) dan kesesuaian kawasan sempadan pantai. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, diperoleh utilitas konsumen dari kawasan mangrove adalah sebesar Rp.33.187.626,12. Dengan jumlah nelayan mangrove sekitar 350 orang dan luas daerah penangkapan sekitar +489 Ha, maka nilai ekonomi sumberdaya kawasan mangrove dilihat dari fungsi pemanfaatan langsung adalah sebesar Rp.32.189.744,06 per hektar per tahun. Sedangkan untuk potensi kawasan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai kawasan sempadan pantai dari hasil perhitungan tumpang-tindih (overlay) dapat dihasilkan wilayah yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat sesuai yaitu + 127,5 ha, sedangkan sesuai luas + 257 Ha, dan kurang sesuai seluas + 442,1 ha dan tidak sesuai yaitu + 1.910,1 ha.Abstrak dalam bahasa indonesia, tidak lebih dari 250 kata (garamond fond 11)Kata kunci : Teluk Pangpang; Ekonomi mangrove; Sempadan pantai; Rehabilitasi
Dinamika batimetri alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: F. A. Ismail Muhammad
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The Port of Cirebon is one of the largest port in West Java Province. The main problem in the Port of Cirebon is shallowing of the shipping channel due to sedimentation. The objective of this research was to assess the dynamics of the the bathymetry of shipping channel in Cirebon Port. The data used in this research are bathymetric survey data and ocean current data in the year 2006 and 2007 that was measured by PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia II. Bathymetric map was created using Surfer program version 8.0. Research results showed that the shipping channel depth of Cirebon Port varies in the range of 0.36 m to 6.97 m in 2006 and 0.79 m to 6.87 m in 2007. During the period of the year 2006 to the year 2007 sedimentation was occurred that marked by the increase of the volume of the sediment surface reached 6,818 m3. The ocean current around the Port of Cirebon is dominated by the tidal current with the direction to the northwest and to the southwest parallel to the shoreline which transported sediment into the shipping channel of Cirebon Port. Keywords: Port of Cirebon; Bathymetry; Sedimentation; Ocean current.   Abstrak. Pelabuhan Cirebon merupakan salah satu pelabuhan paling besar di Jawa Barat. Permasalahan utama dari Pelabuhan Cirebon yaitu terjadinya pendangkalan alur kapal sebagai akibat dari adanya sedimentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika batimetri perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari data pengukuran batimetri dan arus laut yang dilakukan oleh PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia II di daerah perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon pada tahun 2006 dan tahun 2007. Pembuatan peta batimetri menggunakan program Surfer versi 8. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedalaman alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon sangat bervariasi dengan kisaran sebesar 0,36 m sampai 6,97 m pada tahun 2006 dan 0,79 m sampai 6,87 m tahun 2007. Selama periode tahun 2006 sampai tahun 2007 terjadi sedimentasi di alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon dengan penambahan volume sedimen permukaan sebesar 6.818 m3. Arus laut disekitar perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon didominasi oleh arus pasang surut dengan arah yang bergerak ke arah Barat Laut dan Tenggara yang membentuk arah yang sejajar dengan garis pantai yang dapat memuat sedimen masuk ke dalam alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon.Kata kunci: Pelabuhan Cirebon; Batimetri; Sedimentasi; Arus laut.
Kualitas perairan Sungai Cileungsi bagian hulu berdasarkan kondisi fisik-kimia
Authors: Pasisingi Nuralim , TM Pratiwi Niken , Krisanti Majariana
Published: March 2016

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan status mutu kualitas air di bagian hulu Sungai Cileungsi serta membandingkan beberapa parameter kualitas air dengan baku mutu kelas II berdasarkan PP RI No.82 Tahun 2001. Penelitian dilakukan bulan September, Oktober dan November 2013 pada empat stasiun pengambilan contoh di bagian hulu Sungai Cileungsi. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis mengggunakan Indeks Kualitas Air-NSF serta secara deskriptif dibandingkan dengan baku mutu kelas II menurut PP RI. No.82 tahun 2001. Hasil penelitian (Suhu air: 23 – 29,3 oC; pH: 6; Oksigen Terlarut: 6,23 - 6,88 mg/L; DHL: 139,6 - 186,3 µS/cm; Kekeruhan: 4,77 - 41,8 mg/L; TDS: 70 - 94 mg/L; TP: 0,026 - 0,099 mg/L; Ortofosfat 0,002 mg/L; Nitrat: 0,36 - 0,959 mg/L) menunjukkan kualitas perairan yang masih memenuhi baku mutu. Sedangkan untuk parameter (BOD5: 3,97 - 5,7 mg/L; COD: 14,68 - 48,06 mg/L) menunjukkan nilai yang telah melampaui ambang batas baku mutu kelas II PP RI. No.82 tahun 2001. Namun, secara keseluruhan hasil analisis dengan menggunakan IKA-NSF menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air di semua stasiun memiliki kualitas perairan yang baik dengan rentang skor 78 - 83.Kata kunci : Sungai Cileungsi; Kualitas Air; Pencemaran
Tutupan karang dan komposisi ikan karang didalam dan luar kawasan konservasi pesisir timur Pulau Weh, Sabang
Authors: Hastuty Riany , . Yonvitner , Adrianto Luky
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The study was conducted onApril to October 2013 in marine protected areas of Weh Island. The samplings were done at10 siteswhere 6 sitesare situatedinside of conservation areas, while 4 sites are situated outside of conservation areas. The purpose ofthis study was to evaluate coral covers andreef fish composition. Point intersept transect(PIT), underwater visual census (UVC) and fish catches were used to examine coral covers, abudance and biomass of reef fish. The results showed that average of coral covers, abudance and biomass of target fishes inside conservation were 54%, 1,662 ind/ha and 408.78 kh/ha, respectively, while than outside conservation was 33.05%, 1,058 ind/ha and 307.77 kg/ha, respectively. Total of reef fish species and the catch were increased from previous years, for example there are 60 species in 2010 and it was increased to 83 species in 2013. In addition the fishermen catches were increased slightly from 3.03 kg/trip in 2008 to 3.6 kg/trip in 2013. It is concluded that the coral condition and reef fish composition in the conservation are much better compared to outside of conservation areas.Keywords : Marine protect area; reef fish; Weh Island Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada April sampai Oktober 2013 di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Weh yang terdiri dari 10 stasiun dimana 6 stasiun berada didalam kawasan konservasi dan 4 stasiun diluar kawasan konservasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai persentase tutupan karang dan komposisi ikan karang. Sampling menggunakan transek titik dan underwater visual sensus (UVC) dan hasil tangkapan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kondisi tutupan karang, kelimpahan dan biomassa ikan target dikawasan konservasi yaitu 54%, 1.662 ind/ha dan 408,78 kg/ha, secara berurutan, sedangkan diluar kawasan konservasi adalah 33,05%, 1.058 ind/ha dan 307,77 kg/ha biomassa ikan target.Jumlah jenis ikan karang di kawasan konservasi meningkat, yaitu 60 jenis tahun 2010 menjadi 83 jenis pada tahun 2013 dan rata-rata hasil tangkapan tahun 2008 yaitu 3,03 kg/trip dan tahun 2013 yaitu 3,6 kg/trip. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi karang dan komposisi jenis dan ukuran ikan lebih baik di dalam kawasan konservasi berbanding diluar kawasan.Kata kunci: Kawasan Konservasi; Ikan karang; Pulau Weh
Konsentrasi merkuri dan hubungannya dengan indeks kepadatan keong popaco (Telescopium telescopium) di Kao Teluk, Halmahera Utara
Authors: Samman Ardan , T.F. Lumban Batu Djamar , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The objective of thepresent study was to evaluate the mercury concentration at Kao Bay, North Halmahera and its relationship to density index of snail T. telescopium. Samplings were conducted at three locations in estuarine Balaitin, Cibok, and Kobok Rivers The samples were processed and analyzed for Standard procedure of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(AAS). The results showed that the mercury concentration in the water were ranged between 0.000239 to 0.000560 ppm, and mercury concentrations in sediment were ranged from 0.003 to 0.08 ppm and 0.06 to 0.15 ppm in the snail mussel. In general the concentration of mercury in the waters, sediment and snail mussel are stil below of quality standardsbythe U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agencyandquality standard ofthe World Health Organization/Food andAgriculture Organization(WHO/FAO). There is a strong relationship between mercury concentration and density of snail, where the concentration of mercury was lower when the density index of snail higherKeywords: Mercury concentration; Marine water; sediment and density index of mud wakls (T. telescopium).Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi merkuri pada air laut, sedimen dan keong popaco (T. telescopium), serta hubungannya dengan indeks kepadatan. Sampling dilakukan pada tiga stasiun yaitu di muara Sungai Balaotin, Cibok dan Kobok. Analisis konsentrasi merkuri menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi merkuri pada air laut pada ketiga stasiun di Perairan Kao Teluk berkisar antara 0,000239-0,000560 ppm. Konsentrasi merkuri pada sedimen berkisar antara 0,003-0,08 ppm. Konsentrasi merkuri pada keong berkisar antara 0,06-0,15 ppm. Berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004 tentang baku mutu air laut, dan US Environmental Protection Agencytentang baku mutu sedimen, serta World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) tentang keamanan pangan maka kandungan merkuri pada air, sedimen dan keong popaco masih berada dibawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang erat antara konsentrasi merkuri pada air dan sedimen dengan indek kepadatan keong popaco, dimana pada kepadatan tinggi maka kandungan merkuri cenderung rendah. Kata kunci : Konsentrasi merkuri; Air laut; Sedimen; Indeks kepadatan
Karakteristik morfologi teritip spons Indonesia
Authors: . Sulistiono , Kawaroe Mujizat , Madduppa Hawis , Edy Prabowo Romanus
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Research on the sponge barnacle of Indonesia is very rare, and this study is aimed to describe the morphological characteristics of sponge barnacles and their specific relationship with their sponge host species. This research was a survey and sponge samples were collected by tearing apart any available sponge found in three sampling locations, typically coral reef areas of Weh Island, Seribu Islands, and Karimunjawa Islands. Sponge barnacles contained in sponge samples were observed using stereo microscope and scanning electron microscope, and species identification was determined based on the morphological description of Darwin (1854), Pilsbry (1916), Martin dan Davis (2001), and Kolbasov (1993). Four species of sponge barnacles were found consisting of Acasta cyathus, Acasta fenestrata, Euacasta dofleini, and Membranobalanus longirostrum. Specific relationships of barnacle and its sponge host were found between Euacasta dofleini and Haliclona sp. and between Membranobalanus longirostrum and Suberites sp. respectively. Keywords : sponge; barnacle; acasta; membranobalanus; biodiversityAbstrak. Penelitian teritip spons Indonesia jarang dilakukan sejak kelompok ini pertama kali dideskripsikan hingga saat ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakter morfologi teritip spons Indonesia dan untuk mengkaji hubungan spesies spesifik teritip terhadap spons. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak Oktober sampai Desember 2012 di tiga lokasi yaitu Pulau Weh, Kepulauan Seribu, dan Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan titik pengambilan sampel dipilih berdasarkan keberadaan spons. Sampel diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo dan mikroskop elektron kemudian diidentifikasi berdasarkan deskripsi Darwin (1854), Pilsbry (1916), Martin dan Davis (2001), dan Kolbasov (1993). Hasil penelitian didapatkan empat spesies teritip spons yaitu Acasta cyathus, A. fenestrata, Euacasta dofleini, dan Membranobalanus longirostrum. Terdapat hubungan spesies spesifik antara teritip dan spons inang yaitu antara teritip E. dofleini dan spons Haliclona sp. dan antara teritip M. longirostrum dan spons Suberites sp. Kata kunci : teritip; spons; acasta; membranobalanus; biodiversitas
Struktur komunitas makrozoobentos di Perairan Pesisir Tangerang, Banten
Authors: Sahidin Asep , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine distribution and abundance macrozoobenthos  at Tangerang coastal waters, Banten. Study was carried out from April to August 2013 at Tangerang coastal waters, Banten with purposive sampling method and similarity Bray Curtis analysis using minitab.v15.1.2-Equinox softwere. A total of 5458 individuals macrozoobenthos were recorded during the study, its were belonging to 74 species The abundances of macrozoobenthos at Tanjung Pasir location was 634 ind/m2 dominated by Tellina palatum and Tellina timorensis, Kronjo location was 595 ind/m2 dominated by Codakia puncata and lower macrozoobenthos Cituis location was 177 ind/m2 dominated by Clitellio arenarius and Codakia puncata. The spatial distributin based on similarity Bray-Curtis analysis showed that the Kronjo, Cituis, and Tanjung Pasir locations generate four, three, and five groups, respectively. Nuculana bicuspidata dan Ophryotrocha puerilis was a cosmopolite macrozoobenthos were found at all locations. Generaly,  the macrozoobenthos distribution at Tangerang coastal waters were strongly depended on the types of sedimen and dissolved oxygen concentration
The Olmstead Imperative: The Right to Live in the Community and Beyond
Authors: Dinerstein Robert D.
Published: March 2016

Of the 20 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) cases that the United States Supreme Court has decided in the 25 years of the statute's existence, Olmstead v. L.C. by Zimring is without doubt the most significant for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Olmstead is the only Supreme Court ADA case that specifically addresses the rights of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, but its importance goes well beyond this specific fact. In this essay, I set out the holding of the Olmstead decision, its connection to, and extension of, prior case law, the extent of its subsequent enforcement, and its implications in areas that go beyond the institutional context of the case itself.
The Importance of Reagent Lot Registration in External Quality Assurance/Proficiency Testing Schemes
Authors: Stavelin Anne , Riksheim Berit Oddny , Christensen Nina Gade , Sandberg Sverre
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND

Providers of external quality assurance (EQA)/proficiency testing schemes have traditionally focused on evaluation of measurement procedures and participant performance and little attention has been given to reagent lot variation. The aim of the present study was to show the importance of reagent lot registration and evaluation in EQA schemes.

METHODS

Results from the Noklus (Norwegian Quality Improvement of Primary Care Laboratories) urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) and prothrombin time international normalized ratio (INR) point-of-care EQA schemes from 2009–2015 were used as examples in this study.

RESULTS

The between-participant CV for Afinion ACR increased from 6%–7% to 11% in 3 consecutive surveys. This increase was caused by differences between albumin reagent lots that were also observed when fresh urine samples were used. For the INR scheme, the CoaguChek INR results increased with the production date of the reagent lots, with reagent lot medians increasing from 2.0 to 2.5 INR and from 2.7 to 3.3 INR (from the oldest to the newest reagent lot) for 2 control levels, respectively. These differences in lot medians were not observed when native patient samples were used.

CONCLUSIONS

Presenting results from different reagent lots in EQA feedback reports can give helpful information to the participants that may explain their deviant EQA results. Information regarding whether the reagent lot differences found in the schemes can affect patient samples is important and should be communicated to the participants as well as to the manufacturers. EQA providers should consider registering and evaluating results from reagent lots.
UMA TERRACOTA DE ESTILO HELENÍSTICO DA NECRÓPOLE DO OLIVAL DO SENHOR DOS MÁRTIRES (ALCÁCER DO SAL): BREVES NOTAS.
Authors: Gomes Francisco B.
Published: March 2016

Dá-se a conhecer de forma detalhada uma terracota recolhida por Vergílio Correia na década de 1920 na necrópole do Olival do Senhor dos Mártires, Alcácer do Sal. Trata-se de uma figura de tipo kourotrophos, datável de época romana republicana e que se integra num modelo iconográfico de fundo helenístico bem conhecido no Mediterrâneo Central e Ocidental mas raro no Ocidente Peninsular. Tratar-se-á de uma figuração de uma divindade nutrícia e psicompompa de difícil identificação que terá plausivelmente sido utilizada no contexto dos rituais e do culto funerário.
Critical discourse analysis on the news about terrorism: An analytical study on Turkish media
Authors: Töngür Aykut , Kara Hakan Batirhan
Published: March 2016

Today, combating terrorism is accepted as an international issue. Turkey has struggled with this problem for years. Combating terrorism is not only a matter for the state or government to address, but nongovernmental organizations must be contribute to the process of developing strategies and policies against terrorism. Media organs may have contribution in fighting against terrorism and newspapers which can be tools to combat terrorism are the subject of this study. Three newspapers were selected as samples of this study and news reports relating to terror and terrorism in these newspapers were analyzed according to Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis. As a result of the findings of this study, it is seen that media organs are not free from biases and ruling ideology and political view effects newspapers, magazines or televisions while presenting terror news. At the end of the study, some suggestions were developed especially for the stakeholders in the fight against terrorism.
ANALISIS KONTRASTIF UNGKAPAN MENGINGATKAN SESUATU DALAM PERCAKAPAN BAHASA INDONESIA DAN BAHASA JEPANG: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Sanjaya Sonda , Indraswari Thamita Islami
Published: March 2016

This research is aimed to investigate type of utterance and communicating style between Japanese and Indonesian in reminding something. The difference between two language may hindrance communicating process, and lead to misconception. Thus the researchers conclude that further study in this topic is essential. Sample was taken from 24 participants, which is required to conversate according to condition given in roleplay card. Participants are acquintances, divided to act as the borrower and as the giver. The giver had promised to lend the borrower something, and the borrower supposed to remind the giver about it. The data shows that in Indoneisan, it is common for the borrower to take initiative when reminding something or taking the promised thing. It is also found that the giver often asked to be reminded again by the borrower in means of texting or phonecall. Meanwhile, in Japanese the act is reversed. The giver is taking an initiative, and even offers to bring the promised thing. Although the borrower is also taking an initiative, it is not common for the giver to asked to be reminded again by the borrower.
Perkembangan Urban Sprawl Kota Semarang pada Wilayah Kabupaten Demak Tahun 2001-2012
Authors: Mujiandari Reni
Published: March 2016

Urban sprawl merupakan fenomena yang terjadi akibat perkembangan kota yang semakin pesat, tetapi memiliki keterbatasan lahan sehingga perkembangan kota semakin meluas ke wilayah pinggiran (sub-urban). Wilayah sub-urban yang masih tergantung kepada kota inti juga menjadi salah satu pemicu proses urbanisasi terjadi di wilayah pinggiran tersebut (Soetomo, 2009). Fenomena tersebut terjadi di Kota Semarang yang terus berkembang, tetapi memiliki keterbatasan lahan. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya perkembangan kota hingga melewati batas administrasi salah satunya ke arah Kabupaten Demak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana perkembangan sprawl Kota Semarang pada wilayah Kabupaten Demak selama tahun 2001-2012. Urban sprawl pada penelitian ini ditinjau dari dua dimensi yaitu dimensi fisikal dan non fisikal. Dimensi fisikal meliputi pemanfaatan lahan, kepadatan bangunan, fungsi bangunan dan tingkat aksesibilitas. Dimensi non fisikal meliputi kepadatan penduduk dan mata pencaharian agraris penduduk. Sprawl Kota Semarang pada wilayah Kabupaten Demak  selama tahun 2001-2012 telah bertambah seluas 498,685 Ha (32,23%), yang terdiri dari perubahan dari urban sprawl menjadi non-urban sprawl sebesar 488,278 ha dan perubahan dari non-urban sprawl menjadi urban sprawl sebesar 986,963 ha. Perkembangan sprawl memiliki pola kombinasi ribbon development dan leap frog development. Wilayah Kabupaten Demak dengan jarak 7,5-10 km dari pusat Kota Semarang (ring 1) merupakan wilayah yang mengalami perkembangan urban sprawl terbesar. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa jarak terhadap pusat kota menjadi salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya sprawl. Untuk mengatasi perkembangan sprawl agar tidak semakin meluas diperlukan kebijakan mengenai arahan pengembangan perumahan pada kawasan urban sprawl, penambahan fasilitas umum dan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana angkutan masal yang terintegrasi dengan terminal terdekat di Kota Semarang.
PERUBAHAN NILAI KEKERASAN DAN KONDUKTIVITAS LISTRIK ALUMINIUM AKIBAT PROSES EQUAL CHANNEL ANGULAR PRESSING (ECAP)
Authors: Rusnaldy Rusnaldy , Iskandar Norman , Rais Muhammad Khairul , Erlangga Wisnu Tri
Published: March 2016

In current study, Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process was applied to pure aluminium rod. The effect of the number of passes on hardness and electrical conductivity ECAP samples was investigated. The dimensions of ECAP die for 12 mmm diameter workpieces are designed with intersect angle of 120o. The experiments were carried out by using samples cut from an ingot and a rod and machined to a size of 12 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The workpiece was pressed into the ECAP die up to 7 passes at room temperature.After deformation, all samples were subjected to a hardness test, an electrical conductivity test and for optical microscope study. The hardness measurement of the ECAP samples suggested that enhanced hardness would be obtained by repeating ECAP process.Increasing the electrical conductivity of the ECAP samples indicatesthat there is no dislocation formation due to increasing plastic deformation in ECAP process
Hubungan Ketersediaan RTH Sebagai Resapan Air Dengan Dampak Perubahan Iklim (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Bandarharjo)
Authors: Fauzan Tengku Ahmad , . Mussadun
Published: March 2016

Wilayah pesisir merupakan wilayah yang penting tetapi rentan (vulnerable) terhadap gangguan. Salah satu bencana yang terjadi adalah perubahan iklim, sebuah fenomena global karena penyebabnya bersifat global, disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia di seluruh dunia. Selain itu, dampaknya juga bersifat global, dirasakan oleh seluruh mahluk hidup di berbagai belahan dunia. Keberadaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di wilayah pesisir sangat diperlukan. Jika dilihat berdasarkan fungsi dan manfaatnya. Namun pada wilayah studi Kelurahan Bandarharjo memiliki ketersediaan RTH yang sangat minim. Padahal RTH memiliki empat fungsi, yaitu: bio-ekologi, social- ekonomi dan estetika dapat dikombinasikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan, kepentingan dan keberlanjutan kota. Melihat kenyataan tersebut, maka studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana hubungan ketersediaan RTH sebagai resapan air dengan dampak perubahan iklim di kawasan pesisir. Proses kajian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner, telaah dokumen dan observasi lapangan secara langsung. Setelah itu data diolah dengan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik analisis korelasi Bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan RTH di Kelurahan Bandarharjo sangat minim karena luas area yang sangat padat, sehingga tidak ada ruang untuk diisi oleh penghijauan. Kemudian akibat masalah perubahan iklim menimbulkan beberapa dampak di Kelurahan Bandarharjo, yaitu: bencana banjir dan rob, yang menimbulkan kerusakan bangunan, dan kerugian dari segi fisik dan ekonomi.
Kajian Karakteristik Sampah PKL Di Kawasan Pendidikan UNDIP Tembalang
Authors: Januarto Eko Dwi Cahyo , Kurniawati Wakhidah , . Widjanarko
Published: March 2016

Meningkatnya pertumbuhan PKL di Kawasan Pendidikan UNDIP Tembalang dikarenakan terbukanya peluang untuk beraktifitas dan menggunakan lahan yang ada disana. Pertumbuhan PKL tersebut menimbulkan beberapa permasalahan, salah satunya yaitu permasalahan sampah PKL. Dari permasalahan tersebut diperlukan penelitian tentang kajian karakteristik sampah PKL di Kawasan Pendidikan Universitas Diponegoro Tembalang dengan tujuan untuk menemukan karakteristik sampah PKL, karakteristik lokasi pembuangan sampah PKL, dan proses pengumpulan sampah PKL. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua teknik yaitu dengan  teknik primer pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner, observasi dan dokumentasi. teknik sekunder dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data dari instansi dan literatur terkait. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik sampah PKL Di kawasan Pendidikan UNDIP Tembalang didominasi oleh sampah organik. Jika dilihat dari lokasi pembuangan sampah PKL, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih ada sebagian kecil PKL yang membuang sampah di pinggir jalan raya. Hal ini disebabkan masih kurangnya tempat-tempat sampah yang disediakan oleh dinas kebersihan.Meningkatnya pertumbuhan PKL di Kawasan Pendidikan UNDIP Tembalang dikarenakan terbukanya peluang untuk beraktifitas dan menggunakan lahan yang ada disana. Pertumbuhan PKL tersebut menimbulkan beberapa permasalahan, salah satunya yaitu permasalahan sampah PKL. Dari permasalahan tersebut diperlukan penelitian tentang kajian karakteristik sampah PKL di Kawasan Pendidikan Universitas Diponegoro Tembalang dengan tujuan untuk menemukan karakteristik sampah PKL, karakteristik lokasi pembuangan sampah PKL, dan proses pengumpulan sampah PKL. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua teknik yaitu dengan  teknik primer pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner, observasi dan dokumentasi. teknik sekunder dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data dari instansi dan literatur terkait. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik sampah PKL Di kawasan Pendidikan UNDIP Tembalang didominasi oleh sampah organik. Jika dilihat dari lokasi pembuangan sampah PKL, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih ada sebagian kecil PKL yang membuang sampah di pinggir jalan raya. Hal ini disebabkan masih kurangnya tempat-tempat sampah yang disediakan oleh dinas kebersihan.
Perilaku Pengguna Ruang Terbuka Publik Terkait Ketersediaan Akses Internet Pada Taman Lansia Kota Bandung
Authors: Anindita Yanuar Akbar , Suwandono Djoko
Published: March 2016

<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Fasilitas Internet Nirkabel/ Wireless Internet telah menjadikan internet sebagai sesuatu yang mudah dijangkau dimanapun dan tidak lagi memerlukan sambungan kabel seperti di rumah ataupun kantor – kantor. Penggunaan internet kini menjadi kegiatan sehari – hari orang – orang ketika berada di taman, plaza, mall dan ruang publik lainnya. Kota Bandung merupakan kota yang telah melengkapi ruang-ruang publiknya dengan akses wireless internet. Taman Lansia Kota Bandung merupakan salah satu taman yang telah dilengkapi akses internet sehingga penggunanya dapat mengakses internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penataan taman dan ketersediaan akses internet menentukan perilaku/ aktivitas manusia serta bagaimana penggunaan internet saat ia berada di ruang terbuka publik ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode campuran dengan melakukan teknik analisis distribusi frekuensi untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengguna taman, analisis klaster mengetahui dan mengelompokkan penggunaan internet berdasarkan tujuan penggunaannya serta teknik pemetaan perilaku untuk merekam perilaku masyarakat pada ruang-ruang di taman ini.

<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Berdasarkan kuesioner yang dihimpun, 88% responden tergolong kedalam pengguna berat internet dan porsi penggunaan internet pada Taman Lansia dalam sekali berkunjung bisa selama 1-3 jam. Dari hasil identifikasi karakteristik penggunaan internet juga menunjukkan 3 Klaster yang terbagi berdasarkan motif/tujuan penggunaan internet dimana 2 klaster terbesar sebesar 36% dan 53% merupakan kaum muda yang suka menggunakan internet pada Taman Lansia. Sementara itu hasil pemetaan perilaku memperlihatkan bahwa penataan taman seperti bangku-bangku taman, vocal point, dan pedagang kaki lima berperan sangat besar dalam pembentukan perilaku pasif pada Taman Lansia ditambah lagi dengan kehadiran internet terlihat zona-zona “nyaman” bagi para pengguna internet di taman yang juga ternyata memberikan pengaruh positif bagi fungsi ekonomi Taman Lansia. 

 
The effects of STAT1 dysfunction on the gut
Authors: Thoeni Cornelia , Hamilton Ellen A. , Elkadri Abdul , Murchie Ryan , Fiedler Karoline , Ovadia Adi , Sharfe Nigel , Ngan Bo , Cutz Ernest , Nahum Amit , Muise Aleixo M. , Roifman Chaim M.
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription1 (STAT1) have been associated with a variety of clinical patterns. Interestingly patients with heterozygous mutations in the DNA binding domain (DBD) of STAT1 suffer acute and chronic colitis.

Methods: To further analyze the role of STAT1 deficiency in intestinal inflammation, we employed protein expression analysis of total and activated STAT1 in intestinal biopsy samples from 2 patients with heterozygous mutations in the DBD of the STAT1 gene.

Results: Both patients showed clinical and histological features of colitis. Total and activated STAT1 were decreased in duodenal and colonic enterocytes, and total STAT1 was found to be mislocalized in aggregates subapically. In addition, intestinal biopsy samples showed decreased numbers of lymphocytes. Patient-derived lymphoblasts demonstrated lack of viability and high susceptibility for cell death.

Conclusion: STAT1 expression and distribution in the gut of patients with mutations in the DBD are abnormal, suggesting a primary role of STAT1 dysfunction in enterocytes in addition to the secondary effect of aberrant inflammation.

Statement of novelty: Colitis associated with STAT1 mutations appears to have unique features distinct from typical inflammatory bowel disease.
Selection of foraging habitat and diet of the Hoopoe Upupa epops in the mosaic-like cultural landscape of Goričko (NE Slovenia)
Authors: Podletnik Mojca , Denac Damijan
Published: March 2016

In 2012 and 2013, the selection of foraging habitats and the diet of the Hoopoe Upupa epops were studied in the Goričko area, where a significant population decline of the species has been recorded in the past 15 years. Goričko is an area with a well-preserved traditional mosaic-like agricultural landscape very rich in biodiversity which, however, is disappearing. The diet was determined using automatic camera recordings of prey brought to chicks by parents. Mole crickets Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa were the most dominant prey (35.4% frequency and 81.3% biomass of prey), followed by Scarab beetles larvae Scarabaeidae, caterpillars Lepidoptera larvae and True flies Diptera. Feeding frequency was highest in the period of most intensive chick growth (between 8 and 21 days of age). Selection of foraging habitat was researched by observation of birds during foraging. Hoopoes foraged mostly in mown meadows and grassy courtyards and, to a lesser extent, on sandy cart tracks and road edges. These habitats were characterized by low vegetation and patches of bare ground that enabled Hoopoes to forage efficiently. Home range size was determined using minimum convex polygons. The maximum home range size was between 42.9 and 57.7 ha, while the percentage of foraging habitats within the home range did not exceed 18%. Based on our results, we propose the following measures for effective Hoopoe conservation in the area: maintaining the present range of existing unimproved meadows, stopping the conversion of meadows into fields, restoring fields to meadows, prohibiting the use of pesticides targeting Mole crickets.
Decomposition method and its application to the extremal problems
Authors: Górecki Henryk , Zaczyk Mieczysław
Published: March 2016

In the article solution of the problem of extremal value of x(τ) is presented, for the n-th order linear systems. The extremum of x(τ) is considered as a function of the roots s1, s2, ... sn of the characteristic equation. The obtained results give a possibility of decomposition of the whole n-th order system into a set of 2-nd order systems.
Coexistence of synchronization and anti-synchronization in chaotic systems
Authors: Ren Ling , Guo Rongwei , Vincent Uchechukwu E.
Published: March 2016

The coexistence of anti-synchronization and synchronization in chaotic systems is investigated. A novel algorithm is proposed to determine the variables of the master system that should anti-synchronize with corresponding variables of the slave system. Control strategies that guarantee the coexistence of synchronization and anti-synchronization in the unified chaotic system are presented; while numerical simulations are employed to validate and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Elman neural network for modeling and predictive control of delayed dynamic systems
Authors: Wysocki Antoni , Ławryńczuk Maciej
Published: March 2016

The objective of this paper is to present a modified structure and a training algorithm of the recurrent Elman neural network which makes it possible to explicitly take into account the time-delay of the process and a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for such a network. In MPC the predicted output trajectory is repeatedly linearized on-line along the future input trajectory, which leads to a quadratic optimization problem, nonlinear optimization is not necessary. A strongly nonlinear benchmark process (a simulated neutralization reactor) is considered to show advantages of the modified Elman neural network and the discussed MPC algorithm. The modified neural model is more precise and has a lower number of parameters in comparison with the classical Elman structure. The discussed MPC algorithm with on-line linearization gives similar trajectories as MPC with nonlinear optimization repeated at each sampling instant.
Signal lights – designed light for rear lamps and new upcoming technologies: innovations in automotive lighting
Authors: Mügge Martin , Hohmann Carsten
Published: March 2016

Signal functions have to fulfill statutory regulations such as ECE or FMVSS108 to provide a clear signal to other road users and satisfy the same standard definitions of lighting parameters. However, as rear combination lamps are very different from one another, and these days are an increasingly powerful design element of cars, automotive manufacturers want an innovative, superior, and contrasting design. Daytime appearances with a new and unusual look and nighttime appearances with unexpected illumination are strong drivers for developing amazing innovative signal functions. The combination of LED technology and different forms of light-guiding optics, new interpretations of common optical systems to develop various styling options, the use of new materials and components for lighting effects, the introduction of OLED technology on the automotive market, and amazing new optical systems, using diffractive or holographic optics in future rear lamps, are paving the way for further, exciting design possibilities. The challenge of new signal functions is to take these possibilities and to develop the appearance and illumination effects the designer wants to reinforce the image of the car manufacturer and to fit harmoniously into the vehicle design. Lighting systems with a three-dimensional design and appearance when unlit and lit, amazing 3D effects, and surprising lighting scenarios will gain in importance. But the signal lights on cars will, in the future, be not only lighting functions in rear lamps; new functions and stylistic illuminations for coming/leaving-home scenarios will support and complete the car’s overall lighting appearance. This paper describes current lighting systems realizing the styling requirements and future lighting systems offering new design possibilities and developing further stylistic, visual effects and improved technologies.
Power of Forest Stakeholders in the Participatory Decision Making Process: A Case Study in Northern Italy
Authors: Paletto Alessandro , Balest Jessica , Demeo Isabella , Giacovelli Grazia , Grilli Gianluca
Published: March 2016

In European countries, current forest use aims to enhance goods and services supplied by forest ecosystems, taking into account the multiple needs and interests of society through a participatory process. A successful participatory process requires a thorough analysis of stakeholders’ perceptions and preferences. The aim of this paper is to investigate the differences between stakeholders’ perceived influence and real power in forest management. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 51 forest stakeholders in a case study in the Italian Alps. Perceived influence was measured by asking stakeholders to rate on a 5-point scale the extent to which they can influence forest management issues. Real power was analyzed using social network analysis (SNA), investigating the relationships that stakeholders have with each other in the network. Real power was measured using a Freeman’s degree centrality measure, which focuses on the direct ties coming in and out for each stakeholder. The results show that public administration is the category of stakeholders with the most power in all forest management issues, while the actors of the tourism sector are in a marginal position. In addition, the results of the study suggest that in many cases stakeholders have a distorted perception of their own power.