bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermally Synthesized TiO2-Doped MnO2 Nanocomposites for Electrochemical and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Vidhya N. , Pari S. , Uthrakumar R. , Inmozhi C. , Kaviyarasu K. , Mir Tanveer Ahmad , Ansari Sajid Ali , Alam Mir Waqas
Published: August 2024

In our study, we synthesize titanium oxide (TiO[Formula: see text] and manganese dioxide (MnO[Formula: see text] using hydrothermal methods, which are TiO2-doped MnO2 nanoparticles. In order to evaluate the essential optical and electronic properties of the proposed nanostructures, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared analysis (FTIR), Ultra–Visible infrared spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and Photoluminescence (PL) were applied. Based on the results of the SEM investigation, nanostructures form crystal structures when different compositions are used. It was also confirmed that TiO2 derivatives were produced from the fabricated nanoparticles by their spectral and optical absorption characteristics. During electrochemical measurements, it was found that MnO2 nanocomposite samples doped with TiO2 had a markedly reduced charge transfer resistance, suggesting that electrons and holes were effectively separated by photo-stimulation. Aqueous solutions based on wastewater were shown to be degraded by TiO2-doped MnO2 nanoparticles when irradiated with visible light. It was demonstrated that nanocomposites composed of TiO2-doped with MnO2 and having reduced bandgap could be used for the removal of organic dyes from aqueous solutions as well as wastewater treatment were reported in detail.
Evaluation of Photocatalytic Efficacy of Biosynthesized Cubic Nife2O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kaur Harleen , Sharma Anjana , Kumar Sushil , Alam Mir Waqas , Sadaf Shima , Al-Othoum Mohd Al Saleh
Published: August 2024

In this study, we report the biosynthesis of Nickel ferrite using Ocimum sanctum leaf extract (OSLE@NiFe2O[Formula: see text]. The single-phase cubic spinel structure of the synthesized nickel ferrite was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Structural characteristics were further examined using FTIR analysis. Optical and morphological properties were investigated through UV–DRS and FESEM studies. The magnetic hysteresis loop (M-H loop) confirmed the superparamagnetic nature of OSLE@NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. The photocatalytic degradation of Congo Red (CR) dye by the synthesized OSLE@NiFe2O4 nanoparticles was explored, revealing a pseudo-first-order kinetic behavior with a degradation efficiency of 99.9% and a rate constant of 0.06[Formula: see text]min[Formula: see text]. These findings demonstrate the superior photocatalytic activity of the biosynthesized nickel ferrite nanoparticles, highlighting their significant potential for efficient dye removal.
Dynamic Positioning for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles: A Tube Model Predictive Control Approach
Authors: Li Jitao , Zhang Wenhan , Guo Bing , Yao Feng , Zhang Mingjun , Shao Xiangyu
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a novel tube model predictive control approach for dynamic positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles with state and input constraints. The cost function is selected as a mixture of weighted 1-norms and [Formula: see text]-norms of states and inputs, which can be reconstructed into linear summation form. Specially, a method is presented to calculate the weighted matrix of the terminal cost so that closed-loop stability is achieved. The proposed control problem can be solved by linear programming, which provides high computational efficiency. Experimental results on “UVIC-I” AUV are conducted to validate the viability and validity of the presented method.
Allies in the Making: India’s Strategic Partnerships in the Indo-Pacific Strategy
Authors: LIN HSIAO-CHEN
Published: August 2024

This research explores and analyzes India’s evolving strategic partnerships in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly in the context of increasing Chinese assertiveness and global geopolitical shifts. The current geopolitical landscape, marked by Chinese activities along the Indian border, in the Taiwan Strait, and throughout the Indo-Pacific, underscores the urgent need for cooperation among like-minded nations on regional and global issues. Central to this study is examining the significant transformations in India’s foreign policy since the 1990s. This includes an analysis of the Look East Policy as India’s strategic response to the post-Cold War era, its evolution into the Act East Policy, and India’s emerging role on the international stage through active participation in the Indo-Pacific Strategy. These components collectively underscore India’s strategic realignment and its broader implications on regional dynamics and global diplomacy. Subsequently, the research delves into the burgeoning strategic collaboration between India and Taiwan, focusing on initiating strategic dialogues and progressing from democratic partners to crucial collaborators in constructing the Indo-Pacific supply chain. Furthermore, the research will analyze India’s strategic responses amid increasing tensions in the Taiwan Strait, exploring how it navigates the complex diplomatic and security challenges presented by its One China stance. This includes examining India’s maneuvers within the broader geopolitical framework of the region, highlighting its efforts to balance national security interests with diplomatic engagements.
pQSAR-guided Genetic Evolution of Peptide Ligands Toward Improved Binding Capability to Rheumatic Immune-Related Prk Polo-box Domain
Authors: Li Ye , Weng Cuiqi
Published: August 2024

Human Prk kinase plays an important role in the maintenance of inflammatory stability and has been established as an attractive target of diverse rheumatic immune diseases. The kinase possesses a highly conserved polo-box domain (PBD) in its C-terminal noncatalytic region, which exhibits a wide specificity across its various substrates to regulate the kinase-mediated substrate phosphorylation. In this study, peptide quantitative structure-activity relationship (pQSAR) was systematically modeled based on a gene ontology-enriched set of Prk PBD-binding peptide data, which was structurally characterized using global descriptors and statistically correlated with peptide affinities via both linear and nonlinear machine learning regressions. The optimal pQSAR predictor was then employed to guide the genetic evolution (GE) of a random peptide group toward improved potency to Prk PBD domain, from which a number of hits were measured to have moderate or high affinity. The resulting Pm7 peptide was determined as a good binder that can effectively interact with the domain at sub-micromolar level, which was then used as a parent template to further derive other promising candidates by combining systematic residue mutagenesis and structure-based rescoring. Two Pm7-derived counterparts Pm72 and Pm74 were rationally designed to exhibit a satisfactory binding profile to Prk PBD domain, with affinity improved by 3.1-fold and 4.6-fold relative to their parent Pm7. Structural and energetic analyses revealed that the potent Prk PBD-binding sequences can be divided into a N-terminal polar section, a middle positively charged anchor and a C-terminal hydrophobic section, thus conferring both stability and specificity to the domain-peptide recognition and association.
Deep Learning for Time Series Anomaly Detection: A Survey
Authors: Zamanzadeh Darban Zahra , Webb Geoffrey I. , Pan Shirui , Aggarwal Charu , Salehi Mahsa
Published: August 2024

Time series anomaly detection is important for a wide range of research fields and applications, including financial markets, economics, earth sciences, manufacturing, and healthcare. The presence of anomalies can indicate novel or unexpected events, such as production faults, system defects, and heart palpitations, and is therefore of particular interest. The large size and complexity of patterns in time series data have led researchers to develop specialised deep learning models for detecting anomalous patterns. This survey provides a structured and comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art deep learning for time series anomaly detection. It provides a taxonomy based on anomaly detection strategies and deep learning models. Aside from describing the basic anomaly detection techniques in each category, their advantages and limitations are also discussed. Furthermore, this study includes examples of deep anomaly detection in time series across various application domains in recent years. Finally, it summarises open issues in research and challenges faced while adopting deep anomaly detection models to time series data.
Ransomware Reloaded: Re-examining Its Trend, Research and Mitigation in the Era of Data Exfiltration
Authors: McIntosh Timothy , Susnjak Teo , Liu Tong , Xu Dan , Watters Paul , Liu Dongwei , Hao Yaqi , Ng Alex , Halgamuge Malka
Published: August 2024

Ransomware has grown to be a dominant cybersecurity threat by exfiltrating, encrypting, or destroying valuable user data and causing numerous disruptions to victims. The severity of the ransomware endemic has generated research interest from both the academia and the industry. However, many studies held stereotypical assumptions about ransomware, used unverified, outdated, and limited self-collected ransomware samples, and did not consider government strategies, industry guidelines, or cyber intelligence. We observed that ransomware no longer exists simply as an executable file or limits to encrypting files (data loss); data exfiltration (data breach) is the new norm, espionage is an emerging theme, and the industry is shifting focus from technical advancements to cyber governance and resilience. We created a ransomware innovation adoption curve, critically evaluated 212 academic studies published during 2020 and 2023, and cross-verified them against various government strategies, industry reports, and cyber intelligence on ransomware. We concluded that many studies were becoming irrelevant to the contemporary ransomware reality and called for the redirection of ransomware research to align with the continuous ransomware evolution in the industry. We proposed to address data exfiltration as priority over data encryption, to consider ransomware in a business-practical manner, and recommended research collaboration with the industry.
Concerning Cars: Automobility and the Contours of Control, Order, and Harm
Authors: Loader Ian
Published: August 2024

Criminology has been coincident with the motor age, at least in the Global North. The history of automobility is bound up—in mutually conditioning ways—with changing patterns of crime and social control. Yet the car has remained in relative obscurity as a focus of criminological attention—often present, sometimes investigated as a niche topic but at the same time somehow absent. Against this backdrop, this review describes some key elements of the close relation between automobility and the changing contours of control, order, and harm and offers some preliminary conceptual resources for identifying and investigating the criminological resonances of that most pervasive and mundane of modern objects: the automobile. By treating auto-dominance as a form of slow violence, we can, I argue, make the car into a vehicle for rethinking how to practice criminology in a time of climate breakdown.
In Vitro Characterisation of 3D Printable Filaments Subjected to Edible Liquids: An Analysis of Fused Deposition Modelling for Intraoral Applicability
Authors: Jamayet Nafij Bin , Barman Aparna , Rashid Farah , Eusufzai Sumaiya Zabin , Özcan Mutlu , Dudley James , Farook Taseef Hasan
Published: August 2024

Purpose. To evaluate the influence of edible liquids on the characteristic properties of 3D printable materials compared to conventionally used dental resin acrylic. Method. Dental polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens were fabricated from preformed molds while polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) specimens were 3D printed using fused deposition modelling at 0.1 mm layer thickness. All specimen forms adhered to ISO 37:2017 and ISO 604:2002 specifications. Specimens underwent controlled immersion for 180 hr into different media (no immersion (control), oil, soda, milk, and caffeine). Changes in mass (g), plastic deformity (N/mm2), ultimate tensile stress (N), flexural deformity (N/mm2), and break force (N) were evaluated using analysis of variance. Results. There was an increase in mass for all specimens following immersion with significant interactions between immersion media and the materials. The materials exhibited significant differences in plastic deformity (F (df) = 156.632(2), P  < 0.001), ultimate tensile stress (F (df) = 109.521(2), P  < 0.001), and break force (F (df) = 319.785 (2), P  < 0.001) with no significant interactions with immersion media (P > 0.05) on both accounts. Materials showed no significant differences in flexural deformity (F (df) = 2.693(2), P = 0.074) but with significant interactions (F (df) = 4.984(8), P  < 0.001) between acrylic and immersion media. Conclusion. Commercially available 3D printable PLA and PETG filaments printed at 0.1 mm thickness possess approximately half the mechanical resilience as dental PMMA with comparable flexural deformity after exposure to edible liquids.
Color Changes in Artificially Induced Incipient Caries after Photodynamic Therapy with Different Concentrations of Methylene Blue and Toluidine Blue and Irrigation with Water and Hypochlorite
Authors: Hashemikamangar Sedighe Sadat , Khadivi Moghadam Mohammadreza , Vahedi Mahtab , Rohaninasab Marzieh , Chiniforush Nasim
Published: August 2024

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the color changes in artificially induced incipient caries after photodynamic therapy (PDT) using different concentrations of methylene blue and toluidine blue, along with irrigation using water and hypochlorite. Materials and Methods. Forty‐two sound human premolar teeth were used to create two artificial incipient carious lesions. One lesion was placed on the buccal surface and the other on the lingual surface. The color of these artificial incipient carious surfaces was determined using the CIE L  ∗ a  ∗ b  ∗ color system. The teeth were then randomly assigned to 12 groups (n = 7) based on the PDT method. These methods included methylene blue with concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL, followed by water irrigation, methylene blue with concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL, followed by hypochlorite solution irrigation, toluidine blue with concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL, followed by water irrigation, and toluidine blue with concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL, followed by hypochlorite solution irrigation. The teeth underwent a colorimetry procedure again, and the resulting color changes were calculated. A three‐way ANOVA was performed to analyze the effects of laser wavelength, concentration of the light‐absorbing material, and irrigation solution on ΔE. Results. The results showed that the color changes caused by toluidine blue photosensitizer at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, with both water and hypochlorite irrigation, were not noticeable to the naked eye (ΔEwater = 3.04, ΔEhypochlorite = 2.00). However, in the other study groups, the color changes were perceptible (ΔE > 3.3). There were no significant differences in ΔE between different concentrations of methylene blue and toluidine blue when using either water or hypochlorite irrigation (P  > 0.05). A significant difference was observed between methylene blue and toluidine blue at a concentration of 100 µg/mL with water irrigation (P = 0.006). Additionally, a significant difference was found between methylene blue and toluidine blue at a concentration of 100 µg/mL with hypochlorite irrigation (P = 0.049). However, no significant differences were observed between methylene blue and toluidine blue at other concentrations with either water or hypochlorite irrigation (P  > 0.05). Conclusion. In conclusion, tooth color in teeth with incipient caries did not change significantly after PDT using toluidine blue (the photosensitizer) at a concentration of 100 µg/mL with either water or 1% hypochlorite solution irrigation for 5 s.
Regulation of Hepatitis B Virus Replication by Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ER‐Stress)
Authors: Hossain Md. Golzar , Ueda Keiji
Published: August 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), resistant to several antiviral drugs due to viral genomic mutations, has been reported, which aggravates chronic infection and leads to hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, host cellular factors/signaling modulation might be an alternative way of treatment for drug‐resistant HBV. Here, we investigated the viral protein expression, replication, and virion production using endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐modulating chemicals, tunicamycin (an ER‐stress inducer), and salubrinal (an ER‐stress inhibitor). We found that ER‐stress could be induced by HBV replication in transfected HepG2 cells as well as by tunicamycin as demonstrated by dual luciferase assay. HBV intracellular core‐associated DNA quantified by qPCR has been significantly increased by tunicamycin in transfected HepG2 cells. Inversely, intracellular core associated and extracellular particle DNA has been significantly decreased in a dose‐dependent manner in salubrinal‐treated HepG2 cells transfected with HBV‐replicating plasmid pHBI. Similar results were found in stably HBV‐expressing hepatoblastoma (HB611) cells treated with salubrinal. However, increased or decreased ER‐stress by tunicamycin or salubrinal treatment, respectively, has been confirmed by expression analysis of grp78 using Western blot. In addition, Western blot results demonstrated that the expression of HBV core protein and large HBsAg is increased and decreased by tunicamycin and salubrinal, respectively. In conclusion, the sal‐mediated inhibition of the HBV replication and virion production might be due to the simultaneous reduction of core and large HBsAg expression and maintaining the ER homeostasis. These results of HBV replication regulation by modulation of ER‐stress dynamics would be useful for designing/identifying anti‐HBV drugs targeting cellular signaling pathways.
Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subgroups in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis with Medium Cutoff Membranes and High-Flux Membranes: THE SHE Continuation Study
Authors: Hasbal Nuri Baris , Sevinc Mustafa , Yilmaz Vuslat , Yilmaz Abdullah , Yuceer Korkmaz Hande , Basturk Taner , Ahbap Elbis , Sakaci Tamer , Lindholm Bengt , Unsal Abdulkadir
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health burden, with increasing prevalence and high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). While traditional risk factors contribute, the exact mechanisms remain elusive, with inflammation playing a pivotal role. Medium cutoff (MCO) membranes offer promise in improving dialysis outcomes by efficiently clearing uremic toxins without substantial albumin loss. We aimed to elucidate the impact of MCO and high-flux (HF) membranes on peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty-four ESKD patients underwent 36 sessions each with MCO and HF membranes. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry was performed to analyze lymphocyte subsets. Results: NK cell percentages significantly increased with MCO, returning to baseline with HF. Th1 cells decreased post-HF, while Th2 and Tfh cells increased with MCO and persisted. Treg cells remained stable with MCO but decreased with HF. Conclusion: MCO dialysis induced an anti-inflammatory shift, evidenced by increased Th2 and Tfh cells and stable Treg cells. NK cells also responded favorably to MCO. These findings underscore MCO membranes’ potential to modulate immune responses and improve patient outcomes in ESKD.
Misopedia, adultismo y adultocentrismo: conceptualizando la discriminación hacia niñas, niños y adolescentes
Authors: González-Contró Mónica
Published: August 2024

(analytical)One of the distinctive features of human rights is their universal nature. Despite this, discrimination against children and adolescents has historically been invisible and normalized. The author argues that the legal and social treatment of children and adolescents is based on stereotypes, specifically cognitive bias. This means that it is necessary to identify these stereotypes and conceptualize and name discrimination, which will increase visibility. The terms mysopedia, adultism, and adultcentrism are proposed for naming this discrimination.
A aplicação da Rítmica de Jaques-Dalcroze no ensino de piano
Authors: Behal Heeyamoni , Severino Natália Búrigo , Corvisier Fátima Graça Monteiro
Published: August 2024

La Rítmica de Jaques-Dalcroze es un enfoque de la educación musical que utiliza los movimientos corporales como medio para profundizar la comprensión de conceptos musicales. Este enfoque se utiliza a menudo como materia complementaria para ayudar a mejorar los estudios instrumentales o vocales. El objetivo de este artículo, resultado de una investigación cualitativa y bibliográfica, es estudiar la tesis doctoral de Melanie R. Nalbandian, e investigar cómo la autora desarrolla y aplica la Rítmica a la enseñanza del piano en las clases complementarias de piano de la licenciatura en música. Para ello, describimos una selección de ejercicios prácticos creados por este autor. Como consideraciones finales, entendemos que aunque no todos los aspectos de la Rítmica son practicables durante la ejecución del piano, una lección de piano basada en la Rítmica puede proporcionar una alternativa innovadora, dinámica y humanizadora a las lecciones de piano tradicionales.
Resenha: Contra o identitarismo neoliberal - um ensaio de poíesis crítica pela apologia das artes. RICCIARDI, Rubens Russomanno. São Paulo: Contracorrente, 2023.
Authors: Nascimento Elena Barbosa , Veiga Paulo Eduardo de Barros
Published: August 2024

Publicado em 17 de novembro de 2023, o livro de Rubens Russomanno Ricciardi, Contra o identitarismo neoliberal: um ensaio de poíesis crítica pela apologia das artes, propõe uma nova epistemologia – a Poíesis Crítica. Nela, discutem-se, em âmbito contemporâneo, questões fundamentais sobre Arte e Filosofia, em uma postura de combate intelectual aos sectarismos identitários e neoliberais e, por conseguinte, à hostilidade e ao esquecimento das artes e de todo pensamento intelectual que se firme no exercício hermenêutico, crítico e filosófico em diálogo desde o mundo grego.
Myocardial Ischemic Syndromes: A New Nomenclature to Harmonize Evolving International Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Boden William E. , De Caterina Raffaele , Kaski Juan Carlos , Bairey Merz Noel , Berry Colin , Marzilli Mario , Pepine Carl J. , Barbato Emanuele , Stefanini Giulio , Prescott Eva , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Bhatt Deepak L. , Hill Joseph A. , Crea Filippo
Published: August 2024

Since the 1960s, cardiologists have adopted several binary classification systems for acute myocardial infarction (MI) that facilitated improved patient management. Conversely, for chronic stable manifestations of myocardial ischemia, various classifications have emerged over time, often with conflicting terminology—eg, “stable coronary artery disease” (CAD), “stable ischemic heart disease,” and “chronic coronary syndromes” (CCS). While the 2019 European guidelines introduced CCS to impart symmetry with “acute coronary syndromes” (ACS), the 2023 American guidelines endorsed the alternative term “chronic coronary disease.” An unintended consequence of these competing classifications is perpetuation of the restrictive terms “coronary” and ‘disease’, often connoting only a singular obstructive CAD mechanism. It is now important to advance a more broadly inclusive terminology for both obstructive and non-obstructive causes of angina and myocardial ischemia that fosters conceptual clarity and unifies dyssynchronous nomenclatures across guidelines. We, therefore, propose a new binary classification of “acute myocardial ischemic syndromes” and “non-acute myocardial ischemic syndromes,” which comprises both obstructive epicardial and non-obstructive pathogenetic mechanisms, including microvascular dysfunction, vasospastic disorders, and non-coronary causes. We herein retain accepted categories of ACS, ST-segment elevation MI, and non-ST-segment elevation MI, as important subsets for which revascularization is of proven clinical benefit, as well as new terms like ischemia and MI with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Overall, such a more encompassing nomenclature better aligns, unifies, and harmonizes different pathophysiologic causes of myocardial ischemia and should result in more refined diagnostic and therapeutic approaches targeted to the multiple pathobiological precipitants of angina pectoris, ischemia, and infarction.
Comparison of Hemorrhage on CT Versus MRI After Thrombectomy: The HECATE Study
Authors: Hsia Amie W. , Latour Lawrence L. , Somani Sana , Lomahan Carolyn A. , Kim Yongwoo , Lynch John K. , Luby Marie
Published: August 2024

Background

The characterization of hemorrhage following acute stroke intervention has largely been computed tomography (CT) based. We sought to compare magnetic resonance imaging‐ (MRI‐) and CT‐based scoring of hemorrhage after acute endovascular therapy (EVT) applying the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification (HBC) to assess intermodal agreement and quantify interrater agreement.

Methods

Consecutive patients with acute stroke were included in this retrospective study if they (1) had MRI and CT ≤12 hours of each other OR (2) had CT bracketed by MRI pre‐ and post‐CT (ie, MRI‐CT‐MRI) ≤7 days post‐EVT. The concordance of the HBC ratings by consensus panel were compared between CT and T2
*
gradient recalled echo MRI.

Results

For the 87 EVT‐treated patients included, median age was 68 years [60–74], admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 18 [13–23], 47% were treated with intravenous/intraarterial thrombolytics, and 93% were successfully recanalized (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b/3). Hemorrhage was detected on at least 1 modality in 60% (52/87) of patients. We found a 68% (59/87, 95% CI [57%–77%]) agreement overall between CT and MRI for hemorrhage classification post‐EVT. MRI had the best interrater agreement for HBC 0 (no hemorrhage) with excellent concordance (ĸ = 0.882), compared with CT (ĸ = 0.683). T2
*
gradient recalled echo MRI tended to have increased sensitivity to scattered petechial hemorrhage (HBC 1a) as compared with CT with 17% (2/12) intermodal agreement. The interrater agreement of HBC class 2 (ie, parenchymal hematoma grade 2 was substantial for MRI (ĸ = 0.781) and excellent in CT (ĸ = 0.951), with 67% (8/12) intermodal agreement. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was detected in 24% (21/87) of patients on CT and/or MRI with 29% (6/21) intermodal agreement.

Conclusion

With the exception of subarachnoid hemorrhage and minor petechial hemorrhagic transformation, we found that MRI and CT are overall interchangeable for detecting and classifying hemorrhage after EVT. These findings are reassuring for both clinical decision‐making and research application. Given the complexity of hemorrhage subtypes post‐EVT, work to further refine a post‐EVT hemorrhage classification scale with clinical correlation would be beneficial.
Association of gut microbiota with acute kidney injury: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation and case-control study
Authors: Liu Y. , Zhang J. , Zhou Y. , Xin Y. , Li H. , Huang P. , Li N. , Zhou Y. , Luan F. , Li Y. , Zhang Q. , Yuan M. , Liu Y. , Liu L. , Song Y. , Shen L. , Xiao Y. , Liu Y. , Peng Y. , Wang X. , Yu K. , Zhao M. , Wang C.
Published: August 2024

Epidemiologic studies have implicated the gut microbiota in acute kidney injury (AKI), but the causal relationship is unclear. Using Mendelian randomisation, we explored the causal role of gut microbiota in the development of acute kidney injury after excluding confounding and reverse causality. Mendel randomised (MR) study was conducted using data from intestinal microbiota and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) disease of acute kidney injury and the sequencing data of case-control study confirmed this finding. The summary statistics of intestinal microbiota (n = 13,266) conducted by MiBioGen Alliance was taken as the exposure, while the statistics of acute kidney injury obtained from FinnGen Alliance data (2,383 cases and 212,841 controls) were taken as the results. A total of 42 patients were included in this case-control study. Evidence for the protective causal associations of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 with AKI was found in inverse variance weighting (odds ratio = 0.48 [95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.72]; ). Additionally, a case-control study showed that the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 () in septic non-AKI patients was higher than that in septic AKI patients. Compared with S-AKI patients who died within 28 days, the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 in surviving patients was higher (). Phylogenetic analysis showed that OTU68 and HQ455040.1334-739 (genus Flavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), as well as OTU2271 and LT598575.1365-770 (genus Pseudoflavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), have closest genetic ties. Correlation analysis showed that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 was related to the creatinine value (Spearman correlation: −0.379, ). The present study demonstrates that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 is associated with a reduced risk of AKI, revealing potential implications for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.
Media Literacy Education in China: A Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Reindl Stefan
Published: August 2024

Two decades into the 21st century, an increasingly powerful and complicated media environment has gained an ever-growing influence on our lives. China has one of the largest, most vibrant, active, and sophisticated media landscapes globally. In such a vast and high-pace media environment, media literacy has quickly become a topic of interest for both academic and practitioner circles. In this paper, I set out to review the current body of English language literature on media literacy education in the Chinese context. I categorize the reviewed body of literature into three sequential major thematic clusters: (1) development, (2) integration, and (3) outcomes of media literacy education. This review contextualizes and maps the existing research per cluster and provides an overview of the status quo for researchers, practitioners, and other interested media literacy stakeholders. I conclude by identifying major findings across the reviewed literature along with recommendations for further research.
Cause for Celebration or Concern? Voter Reactions to Rising House Prices
Authors: Reisenbichler Alexander , Koenig Pascal D.
Published: August 2024

Little is known about voters’ demands in response to rising house prices. We argue that voters’ house-price perceptions and housing policy preferences depend on countries’ differing economic institutions. In the UK’s liberal welfare and credit regimes, we expect voters to view house-price growth as a comparatively positive sign for the economy and show little demand for policies restraining prices. In Germany’s generous welfare and restrictive credit regimes, we expect voters to view house-price appreciation with more skepticism and demand policies restraining prices. First, through a custom survey, we experimentally demonstrate that British homeowners regard house-price growth as a sign of economic health, while German homeowners and renters from both countries do not. Second, we find that German voters, both homeowners and renters, support policies restraining house prices more so than their British equivalents. Our findings suggest that similar types of voters have different housing attitudes in differing institutional contexts.
Differences in Loneliness Experiences Among High-Ability Students: Individual and Social Context Predictors
Authors: Ramos Alicia , Steenberghs Nina , Lavrijsen Jeroen , Goossens Luc , Verschueren Karine
Published: August 2024

This study examined the diversity in feelings of loneliness among high-ability students. Individual differences (intelligence level, giftedness label, and personality) and differences in the social context (peer acceptance, peer rejection, victimization, and friendship quantity) of adolescents were considered as predictors of loneliness. Additionally, gender differences were investigated in both the level of loneliness and in the effect of social-context characteristics on loneliness. The sample consisted of 403 students belonging to the top 10% of their age group in terms of cognitive ability ( Mage = 12.4 years, 50.3% males). Variables were measured longitudinally across four time points during two consecutive school years using self-report and peer nominations. Multilevel growth curve analyses revealed that all predictors except giftedness label and peer rejection uniquely predicted loneliness over time. Gender differences were found for the effects of peer rejection and victimization. These findings highlight the diversity of social experiences among high-ability youth and emphasize the importance of both individual and contextual factors in shaping these distinct experiences.
Single-Case Effect Size Distributions for Interventions Designed to Improve Engagement in Elementary Schools
Authors: Ledford Jennifer R. , Windsor Sienna A. , Chow Jason C. , Eyler Paige Bennett
Published: August 2024

Engagement behaviors are crucial for school success and are often targeted for improvement in school-based interventions. It may be helpful for both researchers and school-based practitioners to understand the likely impacts of interventions on engagement behaviors (e.g., to understand the extent to which engagement behaviors might change with treatment). For single-case studies designed to answer demonstration questions (i.e., including a baseline condition) and that were conducted in elementary classroom settings ( N = 131), we calculated log response ratio and within-case standardized mean difference effect sizes for engagement dependent variables to establish benchmarks. We described differences based on study characteristics (functional relation determination, publication status, primacy of outcome), disability status of participants, and implementation characteristics (group size, implementer). Effect sizes (645 A-B comparisons) were heterogenous and varied based on functional relation determination, disability status, and implementation variables. More research is needed about additional variables that might explain heterogenous outcomes, especially for children with autism and behavioral disorders.
Developing supervision of social work supervisors and their practice in Singapore: A cross-national collaboration
Authors: Yuh Ju Wong Peace , O’Donoghue Kieran , Engelbrecht Lambert , Ng Agnes Kwok Tung
Published: August 2024

This article reflects upon an international collaboration between supervision experts from South Africa, Hong Kong and New Zealand with the Singapore Association of Social Workers. This collaboration was focused on developing the supervision of supervisory practice. An overview of social work supervision in Singapore is discussed, followed by the process of developing the programme content, delivering training and providing consultation on creating a curriculum. The outcomes include supervision guidelines, curriculum development and further cross-national collaborations. The article concludes by discussing the learning from this international collaboration.
Degree-based topological indices and entropies of diamond crystals
Authors: Khan Abdul Rauf , Ullah Zafar , Imran Muhammad , Salman Muhammad , Zia Arooj , Tchier Fairouz , Hussain Shahid
Published: August 2024

High hardness, low friction coefficient and chemical resistance are only a few of the exceptional mechanical qualities of diamond. Diamonds can be artificially created to have different levels of conductivity, or they can be single, micro or nanocrystalline and highly electrically insulating. It also has high biocompatibility and is famous for being mechanically robust. Due to its high hardness, lack of ductility and difficulty in welding, diamond is a challenging material to construct devices with. Diamonds have experienced a rise in attention as a biological material in recent decades due to new synthesis and fabrication techniques that have eliminated some of these disadvantages. In general, entropic measurements are used for investigating the chemical or biological properties of molecular structures. This study calculates several important [Formula: see text]-Banhatti entropies, redefined Zagreb entropies and atom-bond sum connectivity entropy for diamond crystals. We also present a numeric and graphical explanations of obtain indices.
The Evolution of Catholic Ecological Hermeneutics
Authors: Tatay Jaime
Published: August 2024

This article traces the development of Catholic ecological hermeneutics over fifty years, leading to Pope Francis’s encyclical Laudato Si’ (2015). Analyzing key church statements, it reveals the expanding biblical sources used and efforts to reinterpret them. The interdisciplinary nature of sustainability and Christian churches’ involvement in academic, ecumenical, and interreligious fora have driven this “hermeneutical effort.” Although not critically examining difficult passages or revising Scripture systematically, Catholic ecotheological reflection has integrated multiple sources into a fruitful dialogue with the Bible, contributing significantly to sustainability. This study underscores the evolution of Christian social thought, emphasizing its capacity to update biblical insights and adapt Catholic Social Teaching for public theology.
Synodality and Charisms: A Pentecostal Perspective on Hierarchical and Spiritual Gifts in the Life and Mission of the Church
Authors: Vondey Wolfgang
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of synodality and charisms in Catholic teaching from a Pentecostal perspective. Although a consideration of the charisms is implied in the discussion on synodality in Catholic documents, there exists no comprehensive theology of the nature and function of charisms in their contribution to the synodal journey. A critical identification of the role of charisms, specifically in conversation with the role of hierarchical gifts, and brought into dialogue with the new charismatic movements and communities within Catholicism and Pentecostal Christianity, reveals an imbalance in the exercise of hierarchical and charismatic gifts in the church that presents a foundational problem for the future of synodality.
Healing and Creating in Christian-Muslim History: Charles de Foucauld, Louis Massignon, Christian de Chergé
Authors: Krokus Christian
Published: August 2024

Focusing on the Christian side, the author applies Bernard Lonergan’s three-fold structure of progress, decline, and redemption to Christian-Muslim history. The author identifies moments of each vector in the wider history—Arab-Christian apologetics (progress), demonization of Islam (decline), nonviolent witnesses (redemption). The author then highlights a twentieth-century example of development-progress and redemption, namely the cumulative insights of Charles de Foucauld, Louis Massignon, and Christian de Chergé, which led to and built upon the Vatican II statements about Muslims-Islam.
Politics in affordable housing provision: How partisan control of local councils influences planning choices
Authors: Freemark Yonah Slifkin
Published: August 2024

Investment in publicly subsidised social housing units – designed to ensure long-term access to dwellings for households with low and moderate incomes – is a strategy that cities around the world leverage to increase housing affordability. But the availability of such affordable units varies tremendously between cities, even within the same country. To what degree is this variation the product of local politics expressed through voter or policymaker preferences? To answer this question, I examine the inclusion of social housing in major development projects planned in hundreds of municipalities across the Paris, France, metropolitan region. Through a series of multiple regression analyses, I demonstrate that in cities with left-wing councils, shares of social housing units in new projects are an average of 7–11 percentage points higher than in cities with right-wing or centrist councils, after controlling for the ideologies of local residents, preexisting levels of social housing and community demographics. Though voters’ political preferences are closely associated with city-level social housing shares, elected officials’ partisan affiliations explain variations in the provision of social housing in newly approved projects. I reaffirm these findings by using a series of regression discontinuity tests to examine differences between communities with close elections. These results show how the partisan affiliations of local leaders affect urban planning choices in their communities.
The Use of AI Disclosure Statements in Teaching: Developing Skills for Psychologists of the Future
Authors: Overono Acacia L. , Ditta Annie S.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The proliferation and accessibility of generative artificial intelligence (AI) have led to strong reactions across the academia.

Statement of the Problem

Teachers can adapt to the availability of AI by integrating disclosure statements about its use into courses, which may promote student learning.

Literature Review

Suggestions to include AI disclosure statements from academia and industry align with several of the major goals of the APA Guidelines for the Undergraduate Major 3.0.

Teaching Implications

Incorporating use of AI disclosure statements may support students’ achievement of APA learning outcomes. These statements ask students to disclose their use of AI and consist of the AI “Model” used, the exact “Input” provided, and a description of how the student “Evaluated” the content (“MInE”). Disclosures are advantageous over other methods because of their flexibility and straightforwardness.

Conclusion

When students use AI and disclose their usage, they may learn to communicate ethically and clearly, employ their knowledge of psychology to fact-check output, and develop the skill of disclosure, which is becoming more popular in academic and other professional settings.
Intelligent sliding mode tracking control for electro-hydraulic position servo systems based on variable exponential power reaching law with CGWO-PSO
Authors: Xiao Lingfei , Liu Wei , Zhu Xiaoqian , Tan Yushuo
Published: August 2024

Aiming at the various nonlinear factors, external disturbance in electro-hydraulic servo position systems, a novel sliding mode tracking control method based on the variable exponential power is proposed, which not only improves the speed of reaching the sliding mode surface, but also ensures the smooth approach performance as much as possible: the chattering phenomenon of the sliding surface is reduced effectively as a result. Furthermore, in order to optimize the parameters of the sliding mode controller, a new optimization algorithm is proposed by combining Grey Wolf optimizer with particle swarm optimization (CGWO-PSO), skillfully. The primary advantages of the new CGWO-PSO algorithm include faster convergence speed and higher performance. Finally, the co-simulation platform for the electro-hydraulic servo position system is built. The results of co-simulation show that the sliding mode tracking control method proposed in this paper can realize that the electro-hydraulic position servo system has excellent tracking accuracy, strong robustness, and smooth approach performance.
Inflectional morphology and reading comprehension in low SES Arabic-speaking second graders
Authors: Vaknin-Nusbaum Vered , Makhoul Bahaa’
Published: August 2024

Reading acquisition in Arabic presents unique challenges, notably due to its complex morphological structure and the diglossic nature of the language. The discrepancy between written (Modern Standard) and spoken Arabic poses significant barriers for learners, particularly in decoding morphologically complex words. This study explored the role of inflectional morphology in reading comprehension among 173 Arabic-speaking second graders from a low SES background, where these challenges are most evident. These relations were examined at the beginning and the end of second grade, enabling the tracking of correlations between change in reading comprehension score and types of inflectional awareness throughout the year. Whereas findings demonstrated a positive correlation between inflectional awareness, phonological decoding, vocabulary, and reading comprehension at the beginning of the year, only inflectional awareness was correlated with reading comprehension at the end of the year. Regression results showed that initial inflectional awareness uniquely explained 12% of the variance in reading comprehension at the end of the year. In addition, readers who improved their reading comprehension throughout the year also improved their inflectional awareness and showed reading comprehension comparable to those who started high in reading comprehension. Results are discussed in accordance with previous research and the unique features of Arabic.
Trihybrid nanofluid flow through nozzle of a rocket engine: Numerical solution and irreversibility analysis
Authors: Ullah Basharat , Rehman Rabia , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Khan Umar , Emam Walid
Published: August 2024

Research Problem: The research investigates the process of heat transmission and the production of entropy within the regenerative cooling channel of a rocket engine. The primary focus of the investigation is on the use of nanoparticles (titanium dioxide, copper oxide, and alumina dioxide) that are dispersed in water as the base fluid. Within the context of the cooling system, the research endeavors to gain an understanding of the influence that these nanofluids have on hydrothermal performance and entropy production. Methodology: The investigation transforms similarity to reduce the governing equations to a non-dimensional form. We solve the altered equations using a shooting technique and the reduced Kutta-4 (RK-4) numerical method. With a particular focus on the Nusselt number and entropy generation number, graphic representations highlight the important parameters affecting hydrothermal performance. Implications: The results emphasize how well water-based nanofluids work, especially titanium dioxide (TiO2), as a coolant in rocket engines. The work also clarifies how different parameters affect the entropy creation in the system. The importance of this study is in its possible use to improve the design of regenerative cooling systems in aeronautical engineering, therefore raising overall performance and efficiency. Future work: More investigation into the manipulation of fluid characteristics and nanoparticle concentrations should improve rocket engine cooling efficiency even more. Alternative nanoparticle materials and their impact on entropy generation and heat transport might also be investigated. Moreover, experimental validation of the numerical results can offer important information for the practical use and validation of the suggested approaches.