bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF ASH CONTENT IN COMPOSITE BIOMASS FUELS
Authors: Čubars Edgars , Poiša Liena
Published: June 2017

The study reveals research of ash content in different composite biomass fuels. It contains analysis of samples obtained from various local Latvian biomass types, i.e. reed, wood, hemp, flax shives and peat, by combining them in different proportions. Ash is a by-product derived from combustion process consisting mostly of inorganic substances that are left after a fuel is burnt. High level of ash content in a fuel is undesirable because it causes problems in automation of biomass combustion process. Previous studies carried out by the author show that average ash content in reeds is 2%, which is a high index comparing with wood where ash content is approximately 0,5-1%. Thus, the high ash content in reeds my cause problems in reed combustion in solid fuel boilers. Besides, it is not possible to ensure permanent reed collection that would ensure continuous reed fuel generating process all year long. In order to reduce the ash content to the optimal level and to diversify raw materials necessary for biomass fuel generating process, the author suggests using composite fuels by combining different biomass types. The study contains optimal combining proportions of different biomass types for composite fuel production basing on the ash content in them.
ON THE GINZBURG-FEINBERG PROBLEM OF FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDING FOR UNAMBIGUOUS DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTRON DENSITY IN THE IONOSPHERE
Authors: Guseynov Sharif E. , Rimshans Janis S.
Published: June 2017

In the present work, we investigate an inverse problem of frequency electromagnetic sounding for unambiguous determination of the electron density in the ionosphere. Direct statement of this problem is known as the Ginzburg-Feinberg problem that has, in general case, an essential nonlinearity. Inverse statement of the Ginzburg-Feinberg problem has the boundary-value formulation relative to two functions: the sought-for electric-field strength and the distribution of the electron density (or rather two-argument function appearing in the additive decomposition formula for distribution of the electron density) in the ionosphere. In the present work, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the Ginzburg-Feinberg problem as well as we propose the analytical method, permitting: first, to reduce it to the problem of integral geometry, and, thereupon, having applied the adjusted variant of the Lavrentiev's theorem, to reduce the obtained problem of integral geometry to the first kind matrix integral equation of Volterra type with a weak singularity
ON MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE 2-D FILTRATION PROBLEM IN POROUS AXIAL SYMMETRICAL CYLINDER
Authors: Kangro Ilmārs , Kalis Harijs , Teirumnieka Ērika , Teirumnieks Edmunds
Published: June 2017

In this paper we study diffusion and convection filtration problem of one substance through the pores of a porous material which may absorb and immobilize some of the diffusing substances. As an example we consider round cylinder with filtration process in the axial direction. The cylinder is filled with sorbent i.e. absorbent material that passed through dirty water or liquid solutions. We can derive the system of two partial differential equations (PDEs). One equation is expressing the rate of change of concentration of water in the pores of the sorbent and the other - the rate of change of concentration in the sorbent or kinetically equation for absorption. The approximation of corresponding initial boundary value problem of the system of PDEs is based on the conservative averaging method (CAM). This procedure allows reducing the 2-D axis-symmetrical mass transfer problem described by a system of PDEs to initial value problem for a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of the first order.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF EFFECT OF LC-CIRCUITS ON SPARKING AND THERMAL STATE OF SLIDING ELECTRIC CONTACT UNIT
Authors: Kozyreva Oksana , Plokhov Igor , Kotkov Nikita , Savraev Igor , Ilyin Alexander
Published: June 2017

Such processes in electric machines having sliding contacts as sparking and overheating can be the reason of the deep electroerosive wear. Searching effective ways to reduce sparking has an obvious practical significance since it extends the service life of the sliding contact in particular and service life of the electro-mechanic units in whole.

This article contains information about physical processes in the electrical sliding contact. The method of spark suppression related to LC filters introduced to the electromagnetic brush circuits is considered, the device for spark reducing is suggested. The calculations of the impact of the device for spark reducing on sparking and thermal processes in the contact pairs are described.
Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from three centuries of UK data
Authors: Almail Ali , Almudhaf Fahad
Published: June 2017

We examine the evolving efficiency of UK stock market and currency (British Pound) during the last three centuries. Using both Automatic Variance Ratio (AVR) and Automatic Portmanteau (AQ) tests, we find evidence of time-varying degree of efficiency which supports the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis (AMH).
Diálogos políticos de los años trenta
Authors: Rodríguez Valdés Rafael
Published: June 2017

Contribución al estudiu de los mecanismos propagandísticos usaos polos siguidores de Melquiades Álvarez nel contestu del primer bieniu de la II República Española, reparando n’especial pal usu del diálogu políticu y na presencia nésti del idioma asturianu mesmo que de la so alternancia cola llingua castellana.This paper is conceived as a contribution to knowledge on propaganda mechanisms used by Melquiades Álvarez followers in the political context of the two first years of the Spanish Second Republic regime (1931-1932). I will focus on the use of the so called political dialogue, considered as the most indicated genre for this purpose, and specifically the presence in it of Asturian language as well as its alternation and switch code with Castilian.
El paisaxe solidariu: léxicu y toponimia comuñera
Authors: Concepción Suárez Xulio
Published: June 2017

Una fastera, tan nidia como necesaria, del léxicu asturiano, ye la qu’arrel.l.uma per caleyas y cabanas en tornu a la solidaridá comuñera: axuntanzas vecinales, veceras, bueizunas, facenderas, esquisas, poisas, concechos, cumuniás, caminás..., yeran (y en parte siguen siendo) otras tantas ocasiones pala collaboración l.l.ugareña quetoos y toas intentaban, nunos tiempos en que nun había más remediu que vivir de lo qu’había alreor; y, sobre too, emprecipiando pela bona vecindá. Nesti sentíu,pallabras y topónimos vuélvense güei, verdaeras l.l.eiciones d’aquel.l.os güelos y güelas pa la educación de fíos, nietos y nietas nel so tiempu. Como entóncenes tampoco naide regalaba nada, nun había más remediu qu’axuntar las manos, los inxenios y las fesorias p’arreglar caminos, facer la caminá’l puertu, o atender a los más necesitaos del l.l.ugar, cuando más-yos ficiera falta. En fin, son las pallabras del paisaxe las que, una vegada más, arrecueyen, y enl.l.urdian na mesma rede, costumes del pasáu imprescindibles pal futuru, aínda nestos tiempos más tecnificaos del mileniu. La l.l.arga historia del paisaxe asturianu escrita nas pallabras.An important part of the Asturian lexicon is that which refers to solidarity inagricultural and livestock work. The various kinds of community work were (and still remain) occasions for collaboration between neighbors, at a time when the environment provided everything to live, so the least essential thing was to have a good relationship with the neighbors. In this sense, words and toponyms were true lessons that those grandparents gave to the children and grandchildren of that time. Since nobody was giving away anything, it was necessary to join hands, wisdoms and hoes to fix the roads, to collaborate in the mountain pastures or to look after to the most needy. In short: it is the words of the landscape that, once again, bearwitness to the customs of the past that are essential for the future, even in these technified times of the beginning of the millennium. They are the long history of the Asturian landscape written in the words.
{Tener/llevar} + participio en el castellano de los Siglos de Oro y algunas notas interlingüísticas
Authors: Fernández Martín Patricia
Published: June 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo es profundizar en la historia del funcionamiento de las construcciones castellanas {tener/llevar} + participio, tomando como centro de estudio la lengua de los siglos xvi y xvii y estableciendo ciertas comparaciones, a lo largo del texto, con otras lenguas romances, en especial el asturiano. El punto de partida se encuentra en la idea de que los problemas que crean estas construccionesse deben esencialmente a la doble naturaleza del participio (adjetival y verbal), solo comprensible inserta en un continuum entre el puro adjetivo y el puro verbo. Para ello, comenzaremos estableciendo, en el marco teórico, nuestro concepto de perífrasis verbal de participio y su aplicación a las construcciones que nos ocupan en el español de los Siglos de Oro. En una segunda parte, analizaremos el funcionamiento de dichas estructuras en el español clásico, empleando un corpus formado por tres génerosdiscursivos, escritos entre 1519 y 1656, que componen sendos subapartados (novelas picarescas, epístolas y crónicas de Indias). La principal conclusión es que los géneros discursivos no afectan a las construcciones de participio en la misma medida en que puede afectar a otros fenómenos gramaticales, como los pronombres personales.The aim of this work is to deepen in the history of the Spanish structures{tener/llevar} + participle, taking into account the language of the 16th and 17th centuries and offering certain comparisons with other Romance languages, specially Asturian. The starting point lies in the idea that the problems that create these constructions are essentially due to the dual nature of the participle (between a verb and an adjective), which can be only understood into a continuum, whose ends are the pure adjective and the pure verb. For that, we will start setting our concept of participial periphrases in the theoretical framework, as well as its applicationto the Spanish language spoken in the Golden Age. Then, we analyze how these structures work in that Spanish, using a corpus formed by three discourse genres (picaresque novels, letters and chronicles of the Indies), whose texts were written between 1519 and 1656. Finally, all of which allows to conclude that the discourse genres do not affect the appearance of the constructions of participle in the same extent that it may affect other grammatical phenomena, such as personal pronouns.
Maxakalí Nasality and Field Recording with Earbud Microphony
Authors: Nevins Andrew Ira , Silva Mário André Coelho da
Published: June 2017

Abstract: The challenges in verifying vowel nasalization acoustically are well-known, and for this reason many researchers have opted for the use of nasal airflow masks. Such equipment, however, is not always affordable for recordings or projects conducted in the field. In the present article, we apply the recently developed technology of earbud recordings in Stewart & Kohlberger (2017) to the study of nasality in Maxakalí as a new method in experimental fieldwork phonology. This language has several phenomena related to nasality such as nasal spreading, prenasalization at the beginning of words, and glottal transparency in morphologicallyalternating ‘long forms’. One goal in using methodology with affordable equipment is to make it easier to generate a visual representation of the timing of the nasal profile of a word, thereby yielding possibilities for experimental linguistics to show increased integration with language description and pedagogy.Keywords: nasal harmony; prenasalized stops; loanword phonology; Maxakalí; field recording.Resumo: As dificuldades em se verificar acusticamente a nasalização de vogais são bem conhecidas e por isso diversos pesquisadores optam por usar máscaras de fluxo nasal. Porém, esse tipo de equipamento nem sempre é prático para gravações em campo. No presente estudo, foi aplicada a tecnologia recentemente desenvolvida de gravação com fones de ouvido apresentada em Stewart e Kohlberger (2017), com o intuito de estudar a nasalidade no Maxakalí e esse processo de gravação como um novo método de fonologia experimental em campo. A língua Maxakalí conta com diversos fenômenos ligados à nasalidade como, por exemplo, espraiamento de nasalidade, pré-nasalização em início de palavra, entre outros. Um objetivo ao usar uma metodologia com equipamentos de baixo custo é facilitar a geração de uma representação visual do perfil nasal de uma palavra, produzindo possibilidades para a linguística experimental mostrar uma integração maior com a pedagogia de língua.Palavras-chave: fonologia de empréstimos; gravação em campo; harmonia nasal; Maxakalí; oclusivas pré-nasalizadas.
On the acquisition of distributivity in Yudja
Authors: Lima Suzi
Published: June 2017

Abstract: This paper explores the acquisition of distributivity in Yudja (Tupi, Brazil) based on a study with children and adults. In this paper, we explore experimentally the hypothesis discussed in previous work (LIMA, 2008) that verbal reduplication is a pluractional marker (LASERSOHN, 2005) that also conveys distributivity. Two preference tasks were performed with 11 adults and 17 children. Adults’ results show that the interpretation of ambiguous sentences is affected by the form of the noun phrase (conjoined nouns, pluralized nouns or bare nouns). Children’s results suggest that they have an overall preference for a distributive interpretation of sentences regardless of the verb form and the NP type.Keywords: distributivity; Yudja; verbal reduplication; plural; bare nouns.Resumo: Este artigo explora a aquisição da distributividade em Yudja (Tupi, Brasil) a partir de um estudo com crianças e adultos. Nesta pesquisa, exploramos experimentalmente a hipótese discutida em trabalhos anteriores (LIMA, 2007, 2008), segundo os quais reduplicação verbal é um marcador pluracional (LASERSOHN, 1995) que também expressa distributividade. Duas tarefas de preferencialidade foram feitas com 11 adultos e 17 crianças. Os resultados dos adultos sugerem que a interpretação de sentenças ambíguas é afetada pelo tipo de sintagma nominal. Os resultados das crianças sugerem uma preferência por uma leitura distributiva independentemente das propriedades do verbo e do sintagma nominal.Palavras-chave: distributividade; Yudja; reduplicação verbal; plural; nomes nus.
Performative verbs in requests: evidence from eighteenth-century letters
Authors: Faya Cerqueiro Fátima
Published: June 2017

In the second half of the eighteenth century the courtesy marker pray was the default pragmatic marker used in polite requests while the new form please started to emerge. Pray was a grammaticalized form originated in the longer performative expression I pray you/thee, whereas the verb please had a different syntactic pattern. In the same period there were other performative expressions, particularly common in the epistolary genre, with the same syntactic pattern observed in (I) pray (you) and also used in directives. They resorted to the wide variety of requestive verbs available in Late Modern English, such as beg, beseech, desire, entreat, and request. This paper examines the set of different performative expressions used as polite request markers in the Corpus of Late Eighteenth-Century Prose (1761-1790) in order to provide an account of their productivity and functions in the second half of the eighteenth century.
Enjeux de l'éloge à Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont dans les "Lettres sur l'Angleterre, la Hollande et l'Italie" d'Anne-Marie Du Bocage
Authors: Corbí Sáez María Isabel
Published: June 2017

Prenant en compte que l’« Amazone du Parnasse » selon les termes de Voltaire publia sa correspondance privée en vie et considérant que ce type de publications souffre des modifications de la part de leurs auteurs, notre article se propose de démontrer que la référence élogieuse à Leprince de Beaumont écrite par A.-M. du Bocage dans ses Lettres sur l’Angleterre, la Hollande et l’Italie n’est pas fortuite. Après avoir argumenté que cette référence fut introduite postérieurement en vue de la publication des lettres en 1764, ayant en tête les enjeux que du Bocage accorde au genre épistolaire, nous analysons la portée de l’élogieuse notation qui sans aucun doute déploie un jeu intertextuel. Notre étude nous amène à analyser l’intention de Du Bocage de se situer pour la postérité aux côtés de Leprince de Beaumont dans le débat essentiel et incontournable sur l’Éducation du XVIIIe siècle.
La novela de campus en España 2000-2015
Authors: Gil-Albarellos Susana
Published: June 2017

La novela de campus es un género literario que en España no ha contado con suficiente atención teórica ni literaria; sin embargo, desde hace pocos años, numerosos escritores han centrado las tramas de sus obras en el ámbito universitario, acrecentándose el interés por este tipo de novelas tanto en lectores como en investigadores. Con este trabajo pretendemos dar a conocer las características de algunas de las obras más representativas del género de novela de campus en la literatura española para constatar su incipiente relevancia en el ámbito de la literatura española reciente, así como confirmar su agrupación como género literario consolidado dentro de la narrativa actual.
La traducción del dialecto en las narraciones de esclavos: el caso de "The Good Lord Bird"
Authors: Sanz Jiménez Miguel
Published: June 2017

Este artículo explora la posibilidad de traducir al español la tercera novela de James McBride, The Good Lord Bird, y plantea una propuesta de traducción. Con el fin de ofrecer un texto en la lengua meta que reproduzca la variación lingüística del original y sus connotaciones, se estudian las estrategias para la traducción del dialecto en literatura y sus implicaciones sociales e ideológicas, que se aplican al caso particular del Black English y las narraciones de esclavos. También se consideran las posturas de varios traductólogos al respecto de la traducción del dialecto, así como las prácticas más extendidas en las versiones en español de las novelas pertenecientes a este género.
Comparative study of once and twice application of topical 5% permethrin in patients of scabies
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Singh Sujata , Singh Jitendra Pal
Published: June 2017

Background: Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei which is treated by various topical and oral drugs. Among the all topical drugs, permethrin has been the drug of choice for the treatment of scabies. Therefore the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of once and twice (repeat after one week) application of topical 5% permethrin in patients of scabies.Methods: This was an observational study in which a total number of 52, clinically diagnosed patients of scabies, receiving the topical 5% permethrin once (group A) and twice (repeat after one week-group B), were observed for treatment outcome. Treatment was evaluated at intervals of 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks by improvement or decrease in number of lesions and severity of pruritus. The efficacy of both the methods was compared statistically within and between the two groups.Results: A significant (p= <0.05) decrease in number of lesions as well as pruritus was observed at each follow up visit separately in both the groups. Between the groups comparison demonstrated a significant (p= <0.05) decrease in number of lesions as well as pruritus in group B, at follow up visit of 2 weeks while at the end of 4 weeks there was no difference in cure rate of both groups.Conclusions: Both the treatment modalities revealed equal efficacy at the end of 4 weeks. However, twice application of topical 5% permethrin showed faster and significant improvement at 2 week follow up in reference to both the number of lesions and severity of pruritus.
Variations of great saphenous vein: a cadaveric study in central Indian population
Authors: Rai Neha , Nair Sheema , Thanduri Naresh , Joshi Rajeev
Published: June 2017

Background: Variations are more commonly seen in venous system as compared to arterial system. Varicosities are more commonly seen in the superficial veins of lower limbs.Methods: In the present study, thirty lower limbs were dissected superficially to study the course, tributaries and perforators of great saphenous vein. After exposing the vein, we took various measurements from saphenofemoral junction to the origin of various tributaries and perforators. Pattern of duplications were also reported.Results: The mean distance of tributaries and perforators were compared with the previous literature available. Patterns of duplication were also reported.Conclusions: Study of variations of great saphenous vein would be of immense help in planning varicose vein treatment and coronary artery bypass procedures where it is used as autograft. Therefore, the study will be helpful for surgeons, cardiologist and interventional radiologist.
Islam, gay, and marginalization: a study on the religious behaviours of gays in Yogyakarta
Authors: Koeswinarno Koeswinarno , Mustolehudin Mutolehudin
Published: June 2017

0px; "> Man does not intend to be born gay, whose existence is not welcomed in the society including within his spiritual religious expressions. In Wonosobo, in the year of 2016, a marriage ceremony almost happened between a male and a male. This phenomenon is interesting to be studied in detail. In a specific way, this article uncovers the religious behaviours of gays in Yogyakarta. Usingan anthropological approach, the researchers were directly involved in the subjects’ lives in the social, economic, cultural, and religious aspects. In texts, same-sex relationships were found in the narratives of Prophet Luth written in the Al-Quran books Al-A’raf verse 81, Al-Shu’ara’ verses 165-166, An-Nisa verse 16, and Hud verses 77-83. These verses are used as the basis for rejecting homosexuality. From the social life happening in Yogyakarta there arise conflicts between the gays and their families so that they run away from their families to join gay communities and form economic and even religious groups.Furthermore, in their citizenship status, there is marginalization or administrative abuse for their identities in the identification card.Manusia tidak berniat untuk dilahirkan sebagai gay, yang keberadaannya tidak disambut baik di masyarakat termasuk dalam ungkapan spiritualnya. Di Wonosobo, pada tahun 2016, sebuah upacara pernikahan hampir terjadi antara sesama jenis lelaki. Fenomena ini menarik untuk dikaji secara detail. Artikel ini mengungkap perilaku religius kaum gay di Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan antropologis, peneliti secara langsung terlibat dalam kehidupan subyekdalam aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya, dan agama. Dalam teks, hubungan sesama jenis ditemukan dalam narasi Nabi Luth yang ditulis dalam buku Al-Quran AlA’raf ayat 81, ayat Al-Shu’ara 165-166, An-Nisa ayat 16, dan ayat-ayat Hud 77- 83. Ayat-ayat ini digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menolak homoseksualitas. Dalam kehidupan sosial di Yogyakarta, timbul konflik antara kaum gay dan keluarga mereka. Konflik ini membuat mereka melarikan diri dari keluarga dan bergabung dengan komunitas gay dan membentuk kelompok ekonomi dan bahkan kelompok keagamaan. Dalam status kewarganegaraan, mereka mengalami marginalisasi atau penyalahgunaan administratif dalam kartu identitas mereka.
Regional Public Stock Reductions in Spain: Estimations from a Multiregional Spatial Vector Autorregressive Model
Authors: Márquez Miguel A , Ramajo Julian , Hewings Geoffrey
Published: June 2017

The estimation of the impact of public investment on regional economic growth requires consideration of the spatio-temporal dynamics among the state variables of each region.  Recent austerity policies in Spain that feature temporary decreases in the accumulation of regional public capital should thus be evaluated in terms of their impact on the economy as a whole, on specific regions together with the spillovers effects from one region to the rest of the regional system.  Applying a multiregional integrated specification to model interdependencies across regions, our results indicate that, while global decreases in public investment have a homogenously negative effect on the output of all the regions, the Spanish regions portray heterogeneous responses from localized public capital stock reductions over the simulation period considered.
Characterizing the Influence of Preload Dosing on Percent Signal Recovery (PSR) and Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV) Measurements in a Patient Population with High-Grade Glioma Using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MRI
Authors: Bell Laura C. , Hu Leland S. , Stokes Ashley M. , McGee Samuel C. , Baxter Leslie C. , Quarles C. Chad
Published: June 2017

With DSC-MRI, contrast agent leakage effects in brain tumors can either be leveraged for percent signal recovery (PSR) measurements or be adequately resolved for accurate relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) measurements. Leakage effects can be dimished by administration of a preload dose before imaging and/or specific postprocessing steps. This study compares the consistency of both PSR and rCBV measurements as a function of varying preload doses in a retrospective analysis of 14 subjects with high-grade gliomas. The scans consisted of 6 DSC-MRI scans during 6 sequential bolus injections (0.05 mmol/kg). Mean PSR was calculated for tumor and normal-appearing white matter regions of interest. DSC-MRI data were corrected for leakage effects before computing mean tumor rCBV. Statistical differences were seen across varying preloads for tumor PSR (P value = 4.57E-24). Tumor rCBV values did not exhibit statistically significant differences across preloads (P value = .14) and were found to be highly consistent for clinically relevant preloads (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93). For a 0.05 mmol/kg injection bolus and pulse sequence parameters used, the highest PSR contrast between normal-appearing white matter and tumor occurs when no preload is used. This suggests that studies using PSR as a biomarker should acquire DSC-MRI data without preload. The finding that leakage-corrected rCBV values do not depend on the presence or dose of preload contradicts that of previous studies with dissimilar acquisition protocols. This further confirms the sensitivity of rCBV to preload dosing schemes and pulse sequence parameters and highlights the importance of standardization efforts for achieving multisite rCBV consistency.
Causes of Ocular Trauma in Patients Presenting at a Tertiary Care Center of Rajasthan
Authors: Dr Arvind Chauhan Dr Avisha Mathur ,
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Traumatic eye injuries are common and may occur as isolated injuries or as part of more extensive maxillofacial trauma and may range from the minor to the sight-threatening. Trauma is the second leading cause of monocular blindness after cataracts. Ocular trauma is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in world today. Material and methods: This study was conducted from Sep 2014 to Aug 2015 and total 81 patients were enrolled. It is non randomized observational study in which all patients attending outdoor and emergency of department of Ophthalmology at MDM Hospital, Jodhpur with history of ocular trauma were enrolled after receiving informed written consent. Results: In our study we found that out of total ocular trauma patients 81.48% patients were males and rest 18.51% patients were females. 90.12% patients were less than 30 years of age group. In 49.38% of patients ocular trauma was due to road traffic accidents. In 32.10% of patients ocular trauma was during sports and in 9.88% of patients ocular trauma was related to occupational hazards. 82.72% of patients presented to hospital with 24 hours of the ocular trauma. Around 11.11% of patients presented within 24-48 hours of trauma. Most common type of ocular injury was penetrating globe injury in 44.44% of patients followed by adnexal injuries in 34.57% of patients. In 48.15% of patients ocular trauma caused severe visual impairment or blindness (vision 3/60 to PL). Conclusions: Ocular trauma cases were commoner in males (81.48%) than females (18.51%). 90.12% patients of ocular trauma were less than 30 years of age. Road traffic accidents (49.38%) were the most common cause of ocular trauma followed by sports injuries (32.10%) and occupational hazards (9.88%). Most common type of ocular injury was penetrating globe injury in 44.44% of patients followed by adnexal injuries in 34.57% of patients. In 48.15% of patients ocular trauma caused severe visual impairment or blindness (vision 3/60 to PL).
Amit Jain’s Triple Assessment for Foot in Diabetes- the Simplest and the Fastest New Screening Tool in the World
Authors: Jain* Amit Kumar C
Published: June 2017

Diabetic foot complications have a direct cost on family and indirect cost on the community. There are various studies that shows majority of diabetes people not receiving adequate foot care. Diabetic foot screening thus become an important component in identifying the high risk patients. There are very few screening tools available for diabetic foot worldwide. The author proposes the new ‘Amit Jain’s triple assessment for foot in diabetes which is the fastest and the simplest diabetic foot screening method in the world and this screening methods addresses the triad of diabetic foot effectively.
Políticas para o ensino médio: o caso de quatro estados
Authors: Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Kasmisrki Paula Reis , Gusmão Joana Buarque de , Vieira Sofia Lerche , Vidal Eloísa Maia , Mello Hivy Damasio Araújo
Published: June 2017

O artigo analisa as políticas de ensino médio implementadas no Ceará e em Goiás, Pernambuco e São Paulo, assim como suas consequências para a melhoria dos indicadores educacionais e para a ampliação ou redução de desigualdades escolares e sociais. Para isso, apreende o modelo que sustenta essas políticas, organizado por pressupostos do gerencialismo e articulado em torno da criação de sistemas de avaliação e de políticas de responsabilização; do investimento na produção e disseminação de documentos curriculares com maior grau de prescrição e detalhamento; do acompanhamento ou monitoramento do trabalho pedagógico das escolas; de um investimento menor no recrutamento e na formação de docentes, e, por fim, de uma diversificação da oferta, em períodos integral e parcial (diurno e noturno). A análise mostra, entre outros resultados, que a diversificação da oferta tende a favorecer a influência de desigualdades sociais, transformando–as em desigualdades escolares.

  
Reações das políticas educacionais estaduais nas escolas: um estudo de caso em escolas do Ceará, Goiás, Pernambuco e São Paulo
Authors: Vieira Sofia Lerche , Vidal Eloísa Maia , Freitas Pâmela Felix , Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes
Published: June 2017

Este artigo se propõe a analisar como escolas de ensino médio de quatro estados – Ceará, Goiás, Pernambuco e São Paulo – reagem às políticas concebidas pelos órgãos centrais estaduais. As reações – captadas a partir dos depoimentos de diretores, coordenadores pedagógicos, professores e alunos – são apresentadas segundo cinco dimensões do modelo comum que organiza as políticas dos quatro estados: diversificação da oferta; currículo; avaliação de resultados de desempenho escolar; monitoramento do processo ensino-aprendizado e formação/recrutamento de docentes. A análise revelou que os efeitos produzidos pelas políticas nas escolas nem sempre são os esperados. A diversificação das condições da oferta de ensino médio intensificou condições desiguais de atendimento, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas orientadas para a promoção da equidade.
The Politics Of The Environment: Power Contestation Over Ecological Space In Purbalingga
Authors: Said Akbar Andi Ali , Sabiq Ahmad , Catur Pratiwi Oktaviani
Published: June 2017

This study aims to analyze the institutional capacity of local governments and community-based eco-populism in the face of disasters caused by industrial waste. It is significantly because of frequent pollution in the village of Penambongan, Kandanggampang and Purbayasa, Purbalingga Regency. Pollution mainly came from waste disposal factories which caused not only material losses but also environmental damage. The study used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The findings are as follows: the institutional capacity of community and government were still weak in resolving the problem which was so prone to lead to conflict and severe environmental damage as well. On the one hand, although it is often harmed by industrial waste, the capacity of community in the fight for ecological justice has not been sufficient. On the other hand, the capacity of government in developing environmentally-friendly economic development in Purbalingga was still low. Institutionally, the roles of the Environment Agency looked like deliberately torpor. As a result, in almost all disputes between communities and companies associated with pollution, the companies could easily win the contestation of power. To this day companies polluting the environment seem untouched, and still, continue to run.
Breeding for submergence tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its management for flash flood in rainfed low land area: A review
Authors: Biswajit Pradhan , Sritama Kundu , Anindya Santra , Moushree Sarkar , Sabyasachi Kundagrami
Published: June 2017

For rainfed low land paddy ecosystems which is supposed to withstand the sudden rise of water level for short period of time i.e. up to two weeks has been considered as the submergence tolerant. Proper screening and evaluation method are very important for cost effective and economic breeding procedures that will benefits the farmers. The agro morphological characters which are responsible for submergence tolerance; character association and path coefficient analysis will be very much useful to select them for further assessment. Hybrid rice will be another approach which could mitigate the flash flood constraints. Proper understanding of anatomical characters such as aerenchyma formation and changes of diameter of aerenchyma of root, shoot and leaf will be very much important for submergence tolerance if it is linked with genetic factors. Biochemical manipulation of different plant hormone such as gibberellic acid, abscisic acid and ethylene; enzyme like alcohol dehydrogenase synthesis; chlorophyll content and non structural carbohydrate content of shoot has significant role for enhancement of survival during underwater growth. Plant extracts or herbal crude product in the form of dry and wet treatments along with proper growth nutrients will be a holistic approach for sustainable and integrated agriculture and will be a tool for crop improvement in future breeding programme for submergence tolerance in rice.
The role of pheromones in farm animals - A review
Authors: Kekan P. M. , Ingole S. D. , Sirsat S. D. , Bharucha S. V. , Kharde S. D. , Nagvekar A. S.
Published: June 2017

Pheromones are found throughout the living world and are a primal form of communication. These chemical messengers are transported outside the body and have a direct developmental effect on hormone levels and/or behaviour. The pheromones play an important role in animal behavior and reproductive processes. This review article aims to highlight the role of pheromones of farm animals. The pheromone signals are known to have a potential role in animal reproduction and management. The sources of chemosignals are urine, feces, vaginal secretions, saliva, and specialized scent glands including the odor produced from hair and wool. Pheromones can act as a marker to detect estrus where its detection is a problem and for diagnosing early pregnancy in farm animals. The potential implication of pheromones on improving sexual desire in male is also important. There is huge scope of application of pheromones once it is characterized and synthesized chemically.
Transgenesis in farm animals-A review
Authors: Mehta Parul , Sharma Ankur , Kaushik Ramakant
Published: June 2017

For a number of decades, attempts have been made to successfully produce transgenic animals which have numerous applications in the biotechnology industry with the foremost emphasis on production of monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins of human welfare. Different techniques are adopted in order to produce transgenic farm animals which could be further used as bioreactors. The most common traditional transgenesis technique employed is Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) using genetically modified somatic cells or stem cells as nuclear donors. This review article summarizes the merits and demerits of the techniques currently used to produce transgenic livestock with major emphasis on somatic cell nuclear transfer. In the end, a brief discussion is done about the novel methods adopted to produce transgenic animals like Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFN), Transcription Activator-like Effector Nuclease (TALEN) and Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). It is expected that the new techniques developed would overcome the problems faced with existing traditional transgenesis methods.
Selection of levels of ingredients for the preparation of milk-coconut sweet based on sensory and instrumental colour attributes
Authors: Singh* Bhopal , Khamrui Kaushik , Lodh Jui , Debnath Anindita , Prasad Writdhama
Published: June 2017

Milk-coconut sweet was developed by combining different proportions of concentrated buffalo milk (40-60 parts), coconut kernel flakes (20-40 parts), sugar (10-30 parts) on the basis of total weight. The raw materials were optimized on the basis of sensory evaluation (flavour, body and texture, colour and appearance, sweetness and overall acceptability) and instrumental colour analysis based on lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*). Incorporation of concentrated milk beyond 60 parts and coconut kernel flakes beyond 40 parts resulted in a crumbly body in milk-coconut sweet. Addition of sugar below 10 and above 30 parts in the milk-coconut sweet led to low and high sweet taste, respectively. Sensory evaluation and colour analysis of the prepared samples revealed that the sweet prepared with 50 parts of milk, 30 parts of coconut flakes and 20 parts of sugar obtained highest scores. The range of concentrated buffalo milk, coconut flakes and ground sugar were selected as 45-55, 15-25 and 25-35 parts, respectively for optimization of milk-coconut sweet.
Amino acid analysis of cocoa fermented by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Authors: Apriyanto Mulono , Sutardi Sutardi , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Harmayani Eni
Published: June 2017

The aims of the study was to improve quality of cocoa bans by fermentation of sun dried cocoa beans. The characteric fermented cocoa beans was determined by maesuring amino acids cocoa beans during fermentation. The fermentation process used 3 level treatment i.e. control (without inoculum), mixed culture of microbies added at the begining fermentation. Regulated temperature during fermentation, respectively 35 ° C (24 hours), 45 ° C (24 second clock), 55 ° C (24- hour three) and 35 ° C (last 48 hours) and then fermentation was conducted for 120 hours. The result show all cocoa beans total amino acids hydrophobic increase during fermentation from 7.21 to 7.46 ìg/g for control, 8.19 to 8.26 ìg/g for addition of inoculum at begining of fermentation and from 7.56 to 8.74 ìg/g for addition of inoculum at the begining and midle of fermentation.
Evaluating a Program for Preparing Nurse Practitioner Preceptors/Mentors
Authors: Pitcher Diana
Published: June 2017

This project evaluates a program to better prepare nurse practitioners (NPs) to serve as preceptors/mentors. Currently, many NPs informally precept/mentor NP students without having formalized preparation for the educational role. A training program for NP preceptors/mentors was developed to enhance the NP’s knowledge of the 6 common qualities shown to enhance preceptor effectiveness. The design was a pre- and postintervention survey and was analyzed using a paired t test. Fifteen NPs who were employed at a Level 1 trauma center and 3 NPs from outside primary care practices participated in the project. Each participant completed a pretest, an educational session, posttest, and an evaluation survey. All participants had increased knowledge about the 6 preceptor qualities at the completion of the session, p = .001.
Hybrid Palliation in the Treatment of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Shaffer Valerie Angela , Alpert Patricia T.
Published: June 2017

Purpose:To discuss hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and inform nurse practitioners (NPs) working in primary care settings of this rare congenital heart deformity. This case study also examines the ethical issues advancements in medicine poses and illustrates issues NPs face when caring for a child with HLHS.Data Source:Large databases such as PubMed and CINAHL were accessed to obtain evidence-based articles for the specific heart condition and latest treatments. The data from the case was derived from an actual case, but the identity of the patient was changed to assure confidentiality.Conclusion:HLHS is a rare congenital heart deformity. Many treatment options are available, but a new treatment, the hybrid palliation, has offered new hope for many patients and their families.Implication for Practice:Patients with congenital heart conditions, including HLHS are living longer with new procedures being undertaken. The NP is likely to provide primary care to patients with congenital heart conditions, specifically HLHS. Patient care may be guided by awareness of this condition and the latest advancements in treatment.
Medication Adherence and Safety Program for Community-Dwelling Seniors With Chronic Conditions
Authors: Benoit Marie-Lourdes
Published: June 2017

Misuse and mismanagement of medical products (e.g., pharmaceuticals and medical devices) can significantly impact the quality of life of community-dwelling seniors aged 65 years and older with chronic health conditions. Medication therapy management is an ongoing concern among community-dwelling older adults. The increased use of both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceuticals and the lack of medication safety education drove the importance of this capstone project. To explore the problem, the researchers implemented a multifaceted educational intervention. The intervention format included seminars on medication adherence, safety, storage, and disposal for this target population and their caregivers residing in Broward County, Florida. This scholarly project was aligned with the national objectives addressed in Healthy People 2020 that promoted the need to ensure the safe use of medical products (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2013). A pilot of the Medication Adherence and Safety Program (MASP) for Community-Dwelling Seniors with Chronic Conditions was conducted with a convenience sample of 31 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older. The MASP educational intervention for these community-dwelling seniors with chronic conditions resulted in self-reported increased medication errors, storage, and disposal awareness. Recommendations for future studies include the use of a modified pre- and postintervention test, the addition of a medication take-back to the program, and the use of more novice health care professionals to educate and perform the Brown Bag medication reviews (BBMRs).
Mudanças organizacionais no paradigma das “redes flexíveis”: a atuação das grandes empresas estrangeiras da indústria de transformação brasileira
Authors: Pereira Adriano , Dathein Ricardo
Published: June 2017

O artigo analisa o comportamento das grandes empresas estrangeiras da indústria de transformação brasileira, com base nos dados da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica (Pintec-IBGE) (1998-2008), a partir de uma série de indicadores que pretendem captar, em alguma medida, as mudanças organizacionais promovidas por essas empresas (responsabilidade pelo desenvolvimento de produto e/ou processo, relações de cooperação, gastos com treinamento e mudanças estratégicas e organizacionais). Ao utilizar a “teoria econômica evolucionária” como referencial de análise, objetiva-se compreender em que medida tais empresas têm se inserido no paradigma tecno-econômico das “redes flexíveis” a partir da economia brasileira. A pesquisa evidenciou que o comportamento inovativo das grandes empresas estrangeiras da indústria de transformação brasileira revela um caráter de atuação de “empresa em rede” mais do que de “rede de empresas”.
Tecnologia e emprego nos setores comércio e de serviços no Brasil entre 2000 e 2009
Authors: Fiuza-Moura Flavio Kaue , Nakatani-Macedo Carina Diane , Camara Marcia Regina Gabardo da , Sesso Filho Umberto Antonio
Published: June 2017

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar os efeitos da tecnologia na variação de emprego nos setores comércio e de serviços, entre 2000 e 2009, para o Brasil. Utiliza-se a metodologia de insumo-produto, por meio da decomposição estrutural da variação do emprego em efeitos de intensidade, tecnologia, demanda, crescimento e total. O estudo mensura os impactos diretos e indiretos que uma elevação do progresso técnico tem sobre a geração de empregos nos setores comércio e de serviços brasileiros e realiza a decomposição estrutural da variação do emprego setorial em 2000 e 2009. Os principais resultados mostram que, no período estudado, houve acréscimo de 14,06 milhões de vagas no comércio e serviços, que respondem por 79,54% do emprego nacional. Os resultados indicam que o efeito tecnológico criou empregos no setor de serviços e eliminou postos de trabalho no comércio.
A trajetória do Instituto Butantan: pesquisa e produção de imunobiológicos para a saúde pública
Authors: Teixeira Luiz Antonio
Published: June 2017

Na última década do século XIX, o Estado de São Paulo desenvolvia-se rapidamente. Os recursos provenientes do café favoreciam a criação de ferrovias, indústrias e serviços. Além disso, a lavoura cafeeira transformava-o num grande polo de atração de imigrantes, fazendo sua população ampliar-se rapidamente. No entanto, esse desenvolvimento era o motor do surgimento de diversas crises epidêmicas, principalmente de febre amarela e varíola. Com a Constituição republicana de 1891, as questões de saúde se tornaram competência dos governos estaduais. Essa reforma permitiu que o Estado de São Paulo iniciasse, no ano seguinte, a implantação de um amplo sistema de saúde pública direcionado ao combate às doenças epidêmicas...
Editorial
Authors: Suzigan Wilson , Garcia Renato
Published: June 2017

Este fascículo, que completa o décimo-quinto volume da Revista Brasileira de Inovação, traz na seção de artigos um conjunto de seis trabalhos que abordam uma gama bastante variada de temas. O primeiro utiliza a noção de sistema nacional de inovação com o intuito de analisar o papel desempenhado pelas empresas multinacionais no incremento das capacidades inovativas dos países em desenvolvimento, receptores dos investimentos diretos dessas empresas. O artigo confere especial atenção à capacidade de absorção sistêmica dos países hospedeiros e ressalta a influência da política de inovação. O texto seguinte aborda a forma como se dá o financiamento da interação universidade-empresa no Brasil. Usando a base de dados dos grupos de pesquisa cadastrados no CNPq, o estudo indica os tipos de remuneração mais frequentes, bem como o fato de que esses tipos de remuneração são influenciados por algumas características dos grupos de pesquisa tais, como sua excelência científica, a área de conhecimento envolvida, o modo de interação e o setor de atuação da empresa.