bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severity and mortality prediction models to triage Indian COVID-19 patients
Authors: Bhatia Samarth , Makhija Yukti , Jayaswal Sneha , Singh Shalendra , Malik Prabhat Singh , Venigalla Sri Krishna , Gupta Pallavi , Samaga Shreyas N. , Hota Rabi Narayan , Gupta Ishaan
Published: March 2022

As the second wave in India mitigates, COVID-19 has now infected about 29 million patients countrywide, leading to more than 350 thousand people dead. As the infections surged, the strain on the medical infrastructure in the country became apparent. While the country vaccinates its population, opening up the economy may lead to an increase in infection rates. In this scenario, it is essential to effectively utilize the limited hospital resources by an informed patient triaging system based on clinical parameters. Here, we present two interpretable machine learning models predicting the clinical outcomes, severity, and mortality, of the patients based on routine non-invasive surveillance of blood parameters from one of the largest cohorts of Indian patients at the day of admission. Patient severity and mortality prediction models achieved 86.3% and 88.06% accuracy, respectively, with an AUC-ROC of 0.91 and 0.92. We have integrated both the models in a user-friendly web app calculator, https://triage-COVID-19.herokuapp.com/, to showcase the potential deployment of such efforts at scale.
Socio-economic and environmental factors affecting breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices among Batwa and Bakiga communities in south-western Uganda
Authors: Scarpa Giulia , Berrang-Ford Lea , Twesigomwe Sabastian , Kakwangire Paul , Galazoula Maria , Zavaleta-Cortijo Carol , Patterson Kaitlin , Namanya Didacus B. , Lwasa Shuaib , Nowembabazi Ester , Kesande Charity ,   IHACC Research Team, Cade Janet E.
Published: March 2022

Improving breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices is needed to support good health, enhance child growth, and reduce child mortality. Limited evidence is available on child feeding among Indigenous communities and in the context of environmental changes. We investigate past and present breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices within Indigenous Batwa and neighbouring Bakiga populations in south-western Uganda. Specifically, we describe the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of breastfeeding mothers and their children, and individual experiences of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. We investigate the factors that have an impact on breastfeeding and complementary feeding at community and societal levels, and we analysed how environments, including weather variability, affect breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. We applied a mixed-method design to the study, and we used a community-based research approach. We conducted 94 individual interviews (n = 47 Batwa mothers/caregivers & n = 47 Bakiga mothers/caregivers) and 12 focus group discussions (n = 6 among Batwa & n = 6 among Bakiga communities) from July to October 2019. Ninety-nine per cent of mothers reported that their youngest child was currently breastfed. All mothers noted that the child experienced at least one episode of illness that had an impact on breastfeeding. From the focus groups, we identified four key factors affecting breastfeeding and nutrition practices: marginalisation and poverty; environmental change; lack of information; and poor support. Our findings contribute to the field of global public health and nutrition among Indigenous communities, with a focus on women and children. We present recommendations to improve child feeding practices among the Batwa and Bakiga in south-western Uganda. Specifically, we highlight the need to engage with local and national authorities to improve breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices, and work on food security, distribution of lands, and the food environment. Also, we recommend addressing the drivers and consequences of alcoholism, and strengthening family planning programs.
Echocardiographic left ventricular stroke work index: An integrated noninvasive measure of shock severity
Authors: Jentzer Jacob C. , Wiley Brandon M. , Anavekar Nandan S.
Published: March 2022

Background

Echocardiographic findings vary with shock severity, as defined by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention (SCAI) shock stage. Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can predict mortality in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). We sought to determine whether LVSWI could refine mortality risk stratification by the SCAI shock classification in the CICU.

Methods

We included consecutive CICU patients from 2007 to 2015 with TTE data available to calculate the LVSWI, specifically the mean arterial pressure, stroke volume index and medial mitral E/e’ ratio. In-hospital mortality as a function of LVSWI was evaluated across the SCAI shock stages using logistic regression, before and after multivariable adjustment.

Results

We included 3635 unique CICU patients, with a mean age of 68.1 ± 14.5 years (36.5% females); 61.1% of patients had an acute coronary syndrome. The LVSWI progressively decreased with increasing shock severity, as defined by increasing SCAI shock stage. A total of 203 (5.6%) patients died during hospitalization, with higher in-hospital mortality among patients with lower LVSWI (adjusted OR 0.66 per 10 J/m2 higher) or higher SCAI shock stage (adjusted OR 1.24 per each higher stage). A LVSWI <33 J/m2 was associated with higher adjusted in-hospital mortality, particularly among patients with shock (SCAI stages C, D and E).

Conclusions

The LVSWI by TTE noninvasively characterizes the severity of shock, including both systolic and diastolic parameters, and can identify low-risk and high-risk patients at each level of clinical shock severity.
PlexProbes enhance qPCR multiplexing by discriminating multiple targets in each fluorescent channel
Authors: Hasick Nicole , Kim Ryung Rae , Xu Yin , Bone Simon , Lawrence Andrea , Gibbs Claire , Danckert Nathan , Todd Alison
Published: March 2022

The probe technology described in this paper facilitates detection and discrimination of multiple targets in a single fluorescent channel during PCR. This provides a strategy for doubling the number of targets that can be analysed simultaneously on existing PCR instruments. These probes are referred to as PlexProbes and produce fluorescence that can be switched ‘on’ or ‘off’ in the presence of target by manipulating the temperature. During PCR, fluorescence can be measured at multiple temperatures allowing discrimination of specific targets at defined temperatures. In a single fluorescent channel, a model duplex assay allowed either real-time or endpoint detection ofChlamydia trachomatis(CT) at 52°C and end-point detection ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae(GC) at 74°C. Using this model system, as few as 40 copies of each specific target could be detected as single infection or co-infection, regardless of the presence or absence of the other target. A PlexProbe prototype assay for sexually transmitted infections (PP-STI) which simultaneously enables detection and differentiation of six targets using only three fluorescent channels was then constructed and evaluated. The PP-STI assay detects GC (2 gene targets), CT,Mycoplasma genitalium(MG),Trichomonas vaginalis(TV) and an internal control (IC). To evaluate assay performance, a panel of archived clinical samples (n = 337) were analysed using PP-STI and results compared to those obtained with a commercially available diagnostic assay. The overall agreement between results obtained with the PP-STI assay and the reference test was greater than 99.5%. PlexProbes offer a method of detecting more targets from a single diagnostic test, empowering physicians to make evidence-based treatment decisions while conserving time, labour, sample volume and reagent costs.
Specimen self-collection for SARS-CoV-2 testing: Patient performance and preferences—Atlanta, Georgia, August-October 2020
Authors: O’Laughlin Kevin , Espinosa Catherine C. , Smith-Jeffcoat Sarah E. , Koh Mitsuki , Khalil George M. , Hoffman Adam , Rebolledo Paulina A. , Schechter Marcos C. , Stewart Rebekah J. , da Silva Juliana , Biedron Caitlin , Bankamp Bettina , Folster Jennifer , Gargis Amy S. , Bowen Michael D. , Paulick Ashley , Wang Yun F. , Tate Jacqueline E. , Kirking Hannah L. ,   CDC Surge Diagnostic Testing Laboratory,   CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response GA-10 Field Team
Published: March 2022

Self-collected specimens can expand access to SARS-CoV-2 testing. At a large inner-city hospital 1,082 participants self-collected saliva and anterior nasal swab (ANS) samples before healthcare workers collected nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples on the same day. To characterize patient preferences for self-collection, this investigation explored ability, comfort, and ease of ANS and saliva self-collection for SARS-CoV-2 testing along with associated patient characteristics, including medical history and symptoms of COVID-19. With nearly all participants successfully submitting a specimen, favorable ratings from most participants (at least >79% in ease and comfort), and equivocal preference between saliva and ANS, self-collection is a viable SARS-CoV-2 testing option.
Alcohol drinking delays the rate of sputum smear conversion among DR-TB patients in northwest Ethiopia; A retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Muluneh Atalay Goshu , Kassa Getahun Molla
Published: March 2022

Background

Sputum smear microscopy is simple and feasible technique to assess the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the respiratory tract of patients with Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (DR-TB). Conversion of sputum smear from positive to negative is considered as an interim indicator of efficacy of anti-tubercular treatment and the program effectiveness. Although evidences regarding the factors affecting the sputum smear conversion are available on drug susceptible TB patients, there is dearth of literature about smear conversion and its predictors among DR-TB patients in the study setting. Hence, shortening the time to sputum smear conversion is desirable to reduce the likelihood of mycobacterial transmission. This study has therefore aimed at estimating the median time of sputum smear conversion and to determine its predictors.

Methods

This was a retrospective follow-up study conducted among DR-TB patients registered for second-line anti-TB treatment in the four hospitals of Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia. Of all patients enrolled to DR-TB treatment in the study setting from 2010 to 2017, 436 patients have been include for this study who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The cox proportional hazard model was fitted and the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance of the variables associated with the smear conversion.

Results

From the 436 patients with sputum smear positive at baseline, 351 (80.5%) converted sputum smear at a median time of 48 (IQR: 30–78) days. The median time of smear conversion was 59 (95% CI: 42, 74) and 44 (95% CI: 37, 54) days among patients who had and had no history of alcohol drinking, respectively. Similarly, the median time to smear conversion was 61 (95% CI: 36, 73) days among patients with comorbid conditions and 44 (95% CI: 38, 54) days among patients with no comorbid conditions. In the multi-variable analysis, only history of alcohol consumption [AHR=0.66 (0.50, 0.87)] was found to delay significantly the rate of sputum smear conversion.

Conclusion

In our study, the median time of sputum smear conversion was with in the expected time frame of conversion. History of alcohol consumption was found to delay significantly the rate of sputum smear conversion. The DR-TB patients are strongly advised to avoid alcohol consumption.
A snapshot of Irish radio 2021
Authors: Day Rosemary
Published: March 2022

Radio is very popular in Ireland with listenership rates of over 80 per cent consistently. While the move to digital platforms is starting to happen, loyalty to the FM band is very high. Irish people love radio and their engagement with a public commission on the future of media provides insights into why this may be the case. This article presents a snapshot of the radio landscape in Ireland today. It looks at regulation, ownership, audiences, technologies for delivery and programming. The three sectors of licensed Irish radio are considered: the public service broadcaster, RTÉ; the commercial radio sector, composed of local, regional and national radio stations and the third sector of Irish broadcasting, composed of small-scale community radio stations.
FUTURES on Air: Community radio and public engagement
Authors: Watson Rob
Published: March 2022

FUTURES on Air was a public engagement project delivered as part of FUTURES2020, a European Researchers’ Night event, which consisted of a series of co-produced radio conversations between community programme makers and researchers, which was broadcast across stations in the southwest of England, November 2020. FUTURES on Air explored the role of community media, specifically community radio, in relation to alternative forms of public engagement with researchers, and as impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Community radio in the United Kingdom: Lessons from a demographic survey in Cornwall
Authors: Padfield Jerry
Published: March 2022

Since the establishment of community radio in the United Kingdom in 2004, it has become an integral part of the mediascape, founded on the basis of providing ‘social gain’ to the communities it serves. Little research has been done, however, into the number of people listening to the almost 300 stations now active in the United Kingdom. This article presents the data from three demographic surveys carried out in March 2020 and reports the radio listening habits of three towns served by community radio stations. A quantitative survey of radio listening habits was undertaken in the broadcast area of three community radio stations in Cornwall, United Kingdom: Source FM in Falmouth, RSAB in Saint Austell and CHBN in Truro. Data were gathered using a mixture of street interviews and online surveys. These data are presented, highlighting listening numbers and audience demographics in the three stations surveyed. It presents an analysis of potential lessons for the community radio sector in small rural towns such as those in the survey and for the rest of the United Kingdom. It advocates for the adoption of a rhizomatic, ‘agonistic’ approach to community radio to increase listenership and civil interaction and thereby social gain.
Escritos sobre Filosofia, Ciência e Arte: Egídio Namorado
Authors: Namorado Egídio
Published: March 2022

No primeiro centenário do nascimento de Egídio Namorado, a antologia agora editada pela Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra dá a conhecer ao leitor grande parte dos escritos de um dos maiores epistemólogos da ciência no século XX em Portugal. Homem de ciência e de cultura, cidadão empenhado nas questões sociais e políticas do seu tempo, simples, sereno, amável, sagaz, de inteligência fulgurante, trabalhador infatigável, de curiosidade sem limites, com múltiplos e variados interesses, sem pressas, cultivando a reflexão crítica permanentemente renovada, mas nunca renunciando ao rigor. O núcleo central do trabalho, publicado na primeira parte desta coletânea, consiste num conjunto coerente e inovador de ensaios sobre aspetos diversos de epistemologia da ciência e do método científico, incluindo a sua evolução desde a Antiguidade Grega até ao terceiro quartel do século passado. Na parte final desta secção inclui-se um artigo científico sobre Física Atómica, que na introdução reflete a natureza do autor, cruzando com maestria linguagens e saberes. A segunda parte inclui escritos sobre assuntos muito diversos, da divulgação científica e tecnológica, à teoria da arte, às influências filosóficas na poesia de Camões e de Pessoa, e à História de Portugal, com especial relevância para a época dos descobrimentos portugueses.
Dehydrated husks and cake of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) processing for broiler feed: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality
Authors: Cherif Imene , Arbouche Rafik , Arbouche Yasmine , Mennani Achour , Arbouche Fodil
Published: March 2022

Background and Aim: The potential solution is to use agro-industrial by-products as an unconventional source of raw materials for broiler feed. This study aims to determine the effects of substituting prickly pear (FB; Opuntia ficus-indica) husks for corn and FB seed cake for soybean meal on the production performance, slaughter characteristics, and chemical composition of broiler meat.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred day-old chicks of equal sex ratio (1:1) of Big Fast strain, weighing on average 37±2g, were randomly divided into four homogeneous groups of 50 subjects each. Each group was subdivided into 10 packs of five animals, which were banded and numbered. Rations with substitution rates of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of corn and soybean meal by dehydrated husks and FB cake were randomly distributed among the groups.

Results: Average daily gains and body weights on 48 days were improved (p<0.05) in 10% and 20% groups, while the 30% group performed identically to the control. Cold carcass yield was optimal in 10% and 20% groups. The liver weight of the experimental groups decreased significantly (p<0.05), while their gizzard weight increased significantly (+24 points). The meat protein rate evolved proportionally to the substitution rate, whereas the fat rate depreciated by up to –1.08 points for the 30% group compared to the control.

Conclusion: Incorporating FB processing by-products into broiler feed at rates of 10% and 20% improves zootechnical performance, carcass yields, and the chemical composition of the meat.
Nomenclatura Gramatical Brasileira sob a perspectiva da Política Linguística
Authors: Batista Lucielma de Oliveira , Santiago Tamires de Lima
Published: March 2022

A Nomenclatura Gramatical Brasileira, também denominada pela sigla correspondente, NGB, foi instituída em 1959 pela Portaria Ministerial nº 36 de 28 de janeiro do mesmo ano, com o objetivo declarado de simplificar e uniformizar a metalinguagem utilizada no espaço educacional face à diversidade terminológica existente, à época. Sendo produto de uma política linguística voltada para o ensino, a NGB repercutiu de modo significativo não apenas nas práticas pedagógicas dos professores de Língua Portuguesa, em sala de aula, como também na reconfiguração dos materiais gramaticográficos. Considerando os resultados dessa política, ecoados até hoje, buscamos observer como se procedeu o processo sócio-político-ideológico de criação da NGB, pelas lentes do campo disciplinar da Política Linguística, notadamente a partir da noção de Política Linguística de Johnson (2009), dada a compreensão de que a implantação de uma política linguística é, também, fruto de uma atmosfera intelectual sócio-política do período do qual emerge. Metodologicamente, este estudo guia-se pelos parâmetros da pesquisa documental, qualitativa e interpretativista (LIN, 2015). A análise aponta para os seguintes achados: (i) o contexto macrossocial foi fundamental para o delineamento do projeto que culminou na elaboração da NGB; (ii) a criação da nomenclatura teve a atuação de agentes políticos, como o ministro Clóvis Salgado e, notadamente, agentes intelectuais, a saber, professores de formação filológica e atuantes no Colégio Pedro II; (iii) a unificação terminológica deixa de ser entendida em uma perspectiva estrita e puramente linguístico-pedagógica para ser compreendida, neste estudo, como uma política linguística que confere concretude a políticas do Estado Nacional.
As marcas da historicidade: constituição da Educação de Jovens e Adultos no estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Beriula Rhafaela Rico Bertolino , Oliveira Tânia Pitombo de
Published: March 2022

Pensar a constituição da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) é propor compreender os gestos de leitura e interpretação que podem se apresentar no funcionamento da escrita de um trabalho. Este artigo destaca o contexto histórico da EJA no estado de Mato Grosso a partir da perspectiva teórica, metodológica e analítica da Análise de Discurso (AD). Neste movimento, o objetivo é apresentar, discutir e analisar as marcas da historicidade da constituição da EJA no estado de Mato Grosso, permeando as espessuras que se apresentam nas condições de produção. O efeito de fecho aponta a necessidade de estudos sobre a EJA, que necessita de políticas públicas permanentes e afirmativas, com ações contínuas e sistemáticas que estabeleçam a dinâmica da sociedade, na história e na política.
Entre a alteridade e a identidade: o acesso às reservas de vagas por meio das comissões de heteroidentificação
Authors: Pamplona Laura Rodrigues Paim , Silva Andressa Agnes de Assis , Almeida Caroline de Souza
Published: March 2022

As comissões de heteroidentificação possuem o fito de (re)afirmar ou negar a identidade dos candidatos autodeclarados negros ou pardos, garantindo a aplicabilidade da lei. Esse processo, concomitante à autodeclaração, considera o direito de análise de acordo com as percepções fenotípicas e identitárias de seus componentes, enquanto ao candidato é garantido o direito a recurso. Este artigo busca prover contribuições, de cunho qualitativo pautadas numa fundamentação bibliográfica sobre conceitos como performatividade, identidade e alteridade racial e, quanto à performatividade existente entre a alteridade e a identidade. Os dados permitem legitimar a importância do trabalho das comissões atendendo ao princípio da legalidade e da moralidade, garantindo acesso às vagas a quem de direito.
Interculturalidade e ações afirmativas: um olhar a partir das políticas curriculares nacionais para a formação de pedagogos e a inclusão de estudantes indígenas
Authors: Silva e Neto Jhemerson da , Gomes Ana Clédina Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi caracterizar as políticas curriculares voltadas para a formação de professores da educação básica com foco na abordagem em EEI no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da Unifesspa. Possui uma abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritivo-exploratória. Para o tratamento dos documentos examinados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Identificou-se a partir da análise das DCN para a Educação Básica, Ensino Fundamental e para o curso de Pedagogia a necessidade de proposições que possibilitem a reformulação dos currículos para as diversidades, bem como a adoção de práticas pedagógicas interculturais. Não obstante, não há apontamentos de maneira explícita em tais documentos, de modo a subsidiar os processos educativos que favoreçam diálogos interculturais.
“Nossos conhecimentos não são respeitados e nem valorizados”: por uma nova episteme para a educação de alunos quilombolas na Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Cunha Débora Alfaia da
Published: March 2022

O texto analisa a experiência acadêmica de alunos da Universidade Federal do Pará, oriundos do Processo Seletivo Especial, que prevê reserva de vagas para estudantes quilombolas. O estudo destaca o perfil e as vivências desses discentes. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa, na modalidade de estudo de caso, apresenta uma abordagem mista, com dados quantitativos e qualitativos, envolvendo uma amostra de 35 alunos. Os resultados indicam que os pesquisados apresentam uma trajetória escolar e universitária marcada por dificuldades econômicas, sociais e pedagógicas. As conclusões demonstram que esses discentes desenvolvem estratégias coletivas para lidar com as agruras do mundo acadêmico, pois a instituição universitária ainda se mantém apartada dos saberes desses grupos tradicionais.
Editorial - Política de Ações Afirmativas em Instituições do Ensino Superior: em debate a Lei de Cotas
Authors: Souza Vilma Aparecida de , Richter Leonice Matilde , Souza Raquel Aparecida
Published: March 2022

A conjuntura brasileira atual tem sido cenário de intensos retrocessos democráticos, acionada e contextualizada por políticas neoliberais e ultraconservadoras que passaram a fazer parte da agenda governamental, especialmente, desde o Governo Temer e agudizadas no governo Bolsonaro. Essa agenda governamental nega o Estado Democrático de Direito, as instituições e os mecanismos que garantem a democracia, conduzindo a um aprofundamento da crise institucional e da restrição de direitos. Em estudo publicado no relatório The Global State Of Democracy 2021: Building Resilience in a Pandemic Era, divulgado pelo Instituto Internacional para a Democracia e a Assistência Eleitoral (IDEA Internacional ), em 22 de novembro de 2021, o Brasil consta como um dos países que apresenta a democracia com mais aspectos enfraquecidos. De acordo com os dados do relatório, o Brasil apresentou queda em oito de dezesseis indicadores relativos ao funcionamento condizente de regimes democráticos, incluindo a qualidade de controle de seu governo como um dos aspectos importantes para as democracias. Tais dados evidenciam que o “Brazil was the democracy with the largest number of declining attributes in 2020” (IDEA, 2021, p. 9).
Apresentação do Dossiê - “Política de Ações Afirmativas em Instituições do Ensino Superior (IES): em debate o acesso e a equidade”
Authors: Buiatti Viviane Prado , Jeffrey Debora Cristina
Published: March 2022

As ações afirmativas no ensino superior brasileiro, nas últimas décadas, têm se configurado como um aspecto relevante no que tange à democratização do acesso a este nível de ensino e à pluralidade étnico-racial da população negra (pretos e pardos), especialmente, após a divulgação de dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas (IBGE), no ano de 2019, que apontou em Pesquisa Nacional de Mostra a Domicílios Contínua (2018), que a população de estudantes negros (pretos e pardos) havia alcançado 50,3% de presença nas universidades públicas, enquanto a população branca representava 49,7% do total. Uma das hipóteses apresentadas pelo IBGE (2019), a fim de analisar o resultado obtido teria sido a adoção do sistema de cotas étnico-raciais, favorecendo, portanto, a presença da população negra (pretos e pardos) nas universidades públicas. Diante desse fato, é imprescindível o entendimento de que a adoção dos sistemas de cotas étnico-raciais resulta de um conjunto de ações afirmativas relacionadas à garantia ao direto à educação, combate ao racismo e a todas as formas de discriminação e preconceito racial, legitimadas juridicamente, tais como a Lei 12.711/2012 (Lei de Cotas), a Lei 12.990/2014 (Reserva de vagas para negros em concursos públicos) e as orientações do Supremo Tribunal Federal - Ação Declaratória de Constitucionalidade (ADC) 41, em defesa da Lei Federal 12.990/2014. Esse arcabouço jurídico vem assegurando aos/as estudantes negros (as) (pretos e pardos), a igualdade de direitos no que tange o acesso ao ensino superior, que de acordo com Gomes (2005), representaria um princípio jurídico, enquanto objetivo constitucional a ser respeitado pelo Estado e pela sociedade. Considerando esse aspecto, as ações afirmativas, ainda segundo Gomes (2005, p. 51), podem ser definidas como políticas públicas e privadas voltadas à concretização do princípio constitucional da igualdade material e à neutralização dos efeitos da discriminação racial, de gênero, de idade, de origem nacional e de compleição física. A esse respeito, Gomes (2005) considera que as ações afirmativas podem ter caráter compulsório, facultativo ou voluntário, objetivando a igualdade de oportunidades, induzindo transformações de ordem cultural, pedagógica e psicológica, ao coibir a “discriminação estrutural”, mediante a implantação de medidas que visam proporcionar a diversidade e representatividade de grupos minoritários em determinada atividade pública e privada, não se restringindo, portanto, somente à adoção do sistema de cotas.
Ações afirmativas no Ensino Superior: o caso do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino, da Universidade Federal Fluminense
Authors: Andrade Francisca Marli Rodrigues de , Gomes Jacqueline de Souza , Almeida Marcelo Nocelle de , Milagres Yuri Marx Silva
Published: March 2022

Em face à baixa representatividade de determinados grupos sociais nos cursos de pós-graduação no Brasil, este artigo – inscrito com base na pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem descritiva – explora a implementação de ações afirmativas a partir da experiência da “Comissão para inserção de cotas no edital de seleção” do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino, da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Reforça, portanto, os debates sobre a importância dos programas de pós-graduação materializando critérios para o acesso e permanência de representantes de grupos sociais, tradicionalmente excluídos do sistema educacional brasileiro. Ademais, o artigo apresenta um conjunto de recomendações que podem ajudar no amadurecimento dessa discussão no próprio programa e para além dele.
Cotas para pessoas com deficiência na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU): política de inclusão no ensino superior
Authors: Buiatti Viviane Prado , Nunes Liliane dos Guimarães Alvim
Published: March 2022

A lei de Cotas para pessoas com deficiência foi publicada em 2016. Desde então, universidades brasileiras têm-se organizado para realização de alguns procedimentos, como aplicação das provas, estruturação de comissões para atuar nos processos de avaliação e acompanhamento dos cotistas e possibilitar a sua permanência. Neste artigo, explanamos sobre o processo de escolarização destas pessoas e a política de cotas enquanto ação afirmativa de ingresso no ensino superior. Discorremos acerca de nossa experiência no trabalho com a comissão de validação das condições de deficiência dos/as candidatos/as e o acompanhamento destes/as na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). Concluímos que as ações para o ingresso desta população são emergentes reafirmando a inclusão e a equidade no espaço escolar.
The Application of Dynamic Zakat Percentage by Yusuf al-Qaradawy on the Professional Zakat in Indonesian BAZNAS
Authors: Haris Gusnam
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This article explores the comparison of professional zakat acquisition at BAZNAS Indonesia between the zakat acquisition using a standard percentage and using the dynamic percentage offered by Yusuf Al-Qaradawi. Currently, professional and mal zakat at BAZNAS Indonesia has provided the largest income of all existing zakat acquisition. The percentage of professional zakat is using standard percentage, 2,5% of someone professional income. With using the payroll system, all muzakkys have the same amount of zakat, no matter how much they earn. It is not fair to those who have a small income. Can the application of a dynamic percentage of zakat on professional zakat increase the zakat acquisition and fulfil the justice? It is based on professional zakat data obtained from the National UPZ Collection Division of BAZNAS, and the data is simulated using dynamic percentages. The result shows that the dynamic zakat percentage is more fulfilling legal justice than the standard percentage and the zakat acquisition—that application of the dynamic zakat percentage-- has increased by 16.9% compared to the application of the standard percentage that used by BAZNAS today. Abstrak: Artikel ini memaparkan perbandingan perolehan zakat profesi di BAZNAS Indonesia antara perolehan zakat menggunakan persentase tetap dengan perolehan zakat menggunakan persentase dinamis yang ditawarkan oleh Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Zakat mal dan profesi di BAZNAS Indonesia saat ini telah memberikan income terbesar dari keseluruhan perolehan zakat yang ada. Persentase zakat profesi yang digunakan adalah persentase tetap yaitu 2,5% dari pendapatan profesi seseorang. Melalui  sistem payroll, seluruh muzakky disamakan tanpa memandang besar kecilnya penghasilan mereka. Hal ini dipandang tidak adil bagi mereka yang berpenghasilan kecil. Mampukah penerapan persentase zakat dinamis atas zakat profesi lebih mendatangkan keadilan dan dapat meningkatkan perolehan zakat profesi? Data yang digunakan adalah data zakat profesi yang diperoleh dari Divisi Pengumpulan UPZ Nasional BAZNAS yang menggunakan persentase tetap, kemudian data tersebut disimulasikan dengan menggunakan persentase dinamis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penerapan persentase zakat dinamis lebih memenuhi keadilan hukum dibandingkan presentase zakat tetap. Selain itu, pengumpulan dana zakat dengan menggunakan persentase zakat dinamis mengalami peningkatan sebesar 16,9% dibandingkan penerapan persentase tetap yang digunakan oleh BAZNAS saat ini.
Analisis terhadap Limitasi Waktu Penyidikan oleh KPK pada Kasus BLBI
Authors: Hanifawati Saida Dita
Published: March 2022

Limitasi waktu penyidikan pada pasal 40 ayat (1) UU 19/2019 KPK dapat menghentikan penyidikan dan penuntutan terhadap perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang penyidikan dan penuntutannya tidak selesai dalam jangka waktu paling lama 2 tahun, Pasal 109 ayat (2) KUHAP dalam hal penyidik menghentikan penyidikan karena tidak terdapat cukup bukti, bukan merupakan tindak pidana dan dihentikan demi hukum. Lantas tepatkah tindakan SP3 yang dilakukan oleh KPK untuk kasus BLBI? Penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan penelitian bersifat normatif yang mana mengumpulkan data dari setiap bahan bacaan dan literasi hukum, dari hasil penelitian yang di dapati adalah keputusan KPK dalam menerbitkan SP3 terhadap kasus BLBI kurang tepat karena adanya pasal 40 UU KPK Paska Revisi, yang mana sangat amat berisiko dalam proses penghentian penyidikan, padahal keberlakuan KUHAP merupakan realisasi dan unifikasi dan kodifikasi dalam bidang hukum acara pidana, dan dirasa masih konkrit untuk digunakan.
Analisis Yuridis terhadap Penataan Struktur Organisasi Kementerian dalam Rangka Peningkatan Reformasi Birokrasi
Authors: Setiawan Adam
Published: March 2022

Lambannya kinerja dan inefisiensi dalam aktivitas birokrasi salah satunya diakibatkan jumlah struktur organisasi Kementerian atau kabinet yang tidak ideal. Selain itu, ada indikasi lain yang menyebabkan kinerja atau aktivitas birokrasi yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian jauh dari ekpektasi yakni masih kentalnya unsur Politik dalam proses pengisian jabatan Menteri, Wakil Menteri dan posisi strategis lainnya mengingat sistem kepartaian yang dianut sistem multipartai. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisa dan memberikan rekomendasi penataan struktur organisasi Kementerian yang ideal serta untuk mengetahui proses dan dinamika pengangkatan Menteri Negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan perlu dilakukan restrukturisasi dengan format hanya ada beberapa Kementerian yang mengurusi urusan pemerintahan, dengan begitu struktur organisasi Kementerian secara vertikal akan ikut ramping. Dinamika pengangkatan Menteri, tatkala Presiden harus memilih kandidat Menteri negara secara selektif dengan mengedepankan kriteria yang memiliki integritas dan kapasitas yang mumpuni calon Menteri. Namun Presiden berada dalam keadaan ambivalen karena sistem multipartai yang membuat Presiden harus berkoalisi dengan Partai Politik yang berada di Parlemen guna mendapat suara mayoritas. Lantas dengan cara berkoalisi Presiden akan membagikan jatah menteri pada Partai Politik pendukung.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Pengadaan Vaksin Covid-19 Sebagai Upaya Penanganan Keadaan Darurat di Indonesia
Authors: Ramdani Dadan
Published: March 2022

Menghadapi pandemi Covid-19, Pemerintah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk dapat menghentikan penyebaran dan penularan virus Covid-19. Salah satu upaya untuk mewujudkannya adalah melalui upaya pengadaan vaksin Covid-19 melalui prosedur pengadaan barang/jasa dalam penanganan keadaan darurat. Pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa dalam penanganan keadaan darurat memiliki prinsip efektif, efisien dan akuntable, namun di sisi lain pengawasan masyarakat berpotensi tereduksi dengan alasan prinsip-prinsip tersebut. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana tata cara pengadaan vaksin Covid-19 dalam upaya penanganan keadaan darurat, selanjutnya bagaimana urgensi pengawasan masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan pengadaan vaksin Covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan yuridis positivistis. Tulisan ini memperlihatkan bahwa tata cara pelaksanaan pengadaan vaksin Covid-19 berpedoman pada tata cara dan aturan pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa dalam penanganan keadaan darurat yang ditentukan oleh Peraturan LKPP Nomor 13 Tahun 2018. Selanjutnya, dalam pelaksanaan pengadaan vaksin Covid-19, masyarakat berperan sebagai pengawas eksternal dalam pelaksanaan pengadaan vaksin Covid-19.
Aprendizajes vividos por la pandemia: qué nos aporta la neuroeducación
Authors: Bueno David , Forés Anna
Published: March 2022

Como individuos y como sociedad es imprescindible aprender de lo vivido en la pandemia. Este artículo quiere dar cuenta de estos posibles aprendizajes desde la mirada de la neuroeducación. La neuroeducación nos ayuda a comprender por qué en educación algunas estrategias o propuestas funcionan y otras no. Conocer cómo funciona el cerebro nos ayuda no solo a conocernos mejor a nosotros mismos y a nuestros hijos e hijas y estudiantes, sino también a aprender más y, especialmente, de una manera más eficiente.
Tertulias musicales dialógicas
Authors: García Carrión Rocío , Arza Nerea , Marauri Jesús
Published: March 2022

Las tertulias musicales dialógicas (TMD) consisten en construir el aprendizaje de manera colectiva compartiendo y dialogando sobre las mejores creaciones musicales de la humanidad. El funcionamiento se basa en los siete principios del aprendizaje dialógico: diálogo igualitario, inteligencia cultural, transformación, dimensión instrumental, creación de sentido, solidaridad e igualdad de diferencias. La experiencia se lleva a cabo en dos grupos de 1.º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Los resultados muestran la evolución en términos de actitud hacia la música clásica y clima de aula tras la participación en las seis tertulias llevadas a cabo.
How Close Are We to Understanding the Sense of Body Ownership?
Authors: Murillo Lara Luis Alejandro
Published: March 2022

There has been much discussion about the sense of ownership recently. It is a very controversial topic and even minimal consensus seems hard to achieve. In this paper we attempt to assess the prospects of achieving a better understanding of what is meant by ‘sense of body ownership’. In order to do so, we begin by addressing an objection on which the notion itself might depend, coming from the distinction between ‘inflationary’ and ‘deflationary’ accounts of the sense of body ownership. Once the path is clear, we will consider some influential ways of approaching the issue, which propose grounding the sense of ownership in the spatiality of bodily sensations, the affective dimension of bodily experience, and in its spatial dimension, among other things. We expect the results of our discussion will allow us to both identify the strongest candidates for an account of the sense of body ownership and to determine the challenges that must be met by competing explanations.
Towards a Marxian Concept of Social Space
Authors: Viktorovych Ilin Illia
Published: March 2022

This article aims to construct Karl Marx’s concept of social space by examining a few fragments of his works with relevant terminology (space, spatial). The main result of this interpretation is the definition of social space as a suprasensible form of division between necessary labour and surplus labour, which due to private property on all means of production creates the appearance of the absence of exploitation. While in slave-holding mode of production slave is socially naturalized labour instrument, thus the division of forms of labour have only formal meaning to him/her, and in feudal mode of production the labour instrument is a nature itself, namely cropland, the division of forms of labour acquires a social character per se (social relation of labourer to means of production via wages, and socialized means of production, namely, nature (and everything else except wage labourer) subsumed under private property) only under capitalism. Unlike the established in philosophical literature concepts of social space based on Marx’s theory, the definition introduced in this article is characterized by sensible-suprasensible, extraterritorial-territorial dialectics.
From Desire to Endurance: Hanging on in a Spanish Village
Authors: Weiss Hadas
Published: March 2022

Comparing a Spanish village in the 1960s and 1980s, Jane Collier analyzed how the different ways of making a living in those decades generated distinct dispositions: from abiding by duty to pursuing desire. I revisited this village to explore the ideological contours of finance-led capitalism and the livelihoods it enables in rural Andalusia. I found that villagers’ struggles to hang on, arrested in a present in which property carries over insufficient value from the past, and work offers no path to progress in the future, are redeemed by a discourse of endurance. I trace its material underpinnings to constraints imposed on work and property and demonstrate how it renders villagers’ struggles as an accomplishment rather than an affliction. I also use this ethnography to make a case for studying contemporary attitudes as reflections of ideology, rather than as expressions of political agency. 

Resumen

Jane Collier, en sus estudios de un pueblo español en los años sesenta y ochenta, analizó cómo las diferentes formas de ganarse la vida en esa época generaban actitudes muy claras: desde cumplir deberes hasta perseguir deseos. Volví a visitar este pueblo en concreto para explorar los rasgos ideológicos del capitalismo financiero y los modos y medios de vida que genera en la Andalucía rural. Encontré que la lucha de los vecinos por mantenerse a flote, paralizados en un presente en el que la tierra y la vivienda no conservan suficientemente su valor del pasado y el trabajo no ofrece ninguna garantía de avanzar, se ve compensada con un discurso de “aguantar”. Trazo las bases materiales de esta situación en las limitaciones impuestas a través del trabajo y la propiedad y demuestro cómo interpretar estas luchas de los aldeanos como un logro y no como una aflicción. También sirve esta etnografía para defender el análisis de actitudes contemporáneas como reflejo de la ideología, más que como expresión de una capacidad política.
Alun-Alun Lama dan Wilhelmina Plein Ruang Terbuka kota di Pusat Pemerintahan Lokal dan Kolonial di Semarang
Authors: Rukayah R Siti , Pribadi Septana Bagus , Etenia Annica
Published: March 2022

Design of the government city center in the traditional period has proven to reveal the richness of Indonesian culture. One of them is evidenced by the values of local wisdom that still maintained from generations even though various challenges have been faced, including the penetration of foreign influences. The traditional center of government is reflected in Semarang's Old City Square [Alun-Alun Semarang]. Its existence coincided with the center of colonial administration (Kantor Gouverneur van Java's Noord-Oostkust, 1754–1761) on Jalan Bojong (now Jalan Pemuda Semarang) which lasted until the 1970s. Unfortunately, after the 1970s, the alun-alun and the traditional government center (Kanjengan) disappeared and only left a cultural heritage in the form of mosque buildings and the dhugderan tradition mostly became an icon of the identity of traditional cities in Java. By using the historical method in relation to the use of contemporary sources, this study reveals the existence of the alun-alun as an open space for the traditional rulers and Taman Wilhelmina Plein as an open space for the colonial government, both of them were located in the same city corridor. The Jalan Bojong Corridor is part of de Groote Postweg, Jalan Raya Pos stretched from Anyer to Panarukan. In Semarang, this road connects the fort area which is now the Old City and Alun-Alun Semarang. The interesting  issue is the dualism of  road section in colonial government is reflected and it is side by side with the traditional center of government.
Multiple nodal solutions of the Kirchhoff-type problem with a cubic term
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Yanling , Guo Hui
Published: March 2022

In this article, we are interested in the following Kirchhoff-type problem
(0.1)

−

a
+
b

∫

R

N

∣

∇

u

∣

2

d
x

Δ
u
+
V

(

∣
x
∣

)

u
=
∣
u

∣

2

u

in

R

N

,

u
∈

H

1

(

R

N

)

,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}-\left(a+b\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}{\rm{d}}x\right)\Delta u+V\left(| x| )u=| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ u\in {H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}),\end{array}\right.

where

a
,
b
>
0
,
N
=
2

a,b\gt 0,N=2

or 3, the potential function

V

V

is radial and bounded from below by a positive number. Because the nonlocal

b
∣

∇

u

∣

L

2

(

R

N

)

2

Δ
u

b| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }_{{L}^{2}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})}^{2}\Delta u

is 3-homogeneous which is in complicated competition with the nonlinear term

∣
u

∣

2

u

| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u

. This causes that not all function in

H

1

(

R

N

)

{H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})

can be projected on the Nehari manifold and thereby the classical Nehari manifold method does not work. By introducing the Gersgorin Disk theorem and the Miranda theorem, via a limit approach and subtle analysis, we prove that for each positive integer

k

k

, equation (0.1) admits a radial nodal solution

U

k
,
4

b

{U}_{k,4}^{b}

having exactly

k

k

nodes. Moreover, we show that the energy of

U

k
,
4

b

{U}_{k,4}^{b}

is strictly increasing in

k

k

and for any sequence

{

b

n

}

\left\{{b}_{n}\right\}

with

b

n

→

0

+

,

{b}_{n}\to {0}_{+},

up to a subsequence,

U

k
,
4

b

n

{U}_{k,4}^{{b}_{n}}

converges to

U

k
,
4

0

{U}_{k,4}^{0}

in

H

1

(

R

N

)

{H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})

, which is a radial nodal solution with exactly

k

k

nodes of the classical Schrödinger equation

−
a
Δ
u
+
V

(

∣
x
∣

)

u
=
∣
u

∣

2

u

in

R

N

,

u
∈

H

1

(

R

N

)

.

\left\{\begin{array}{l}-a\Delta u+V\left(| x| )u=| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2}u\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ u\in {H}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}).\end{array}\right.

Our results extend the existence result from the super-cubic case to the cubic case.
Global attractors of the degenerate fractional Kirchhoff wave equation with structural damping or strong damping
Authors: Yang Wenhua , Zhou Jun
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the degenerate fractional Kirchhoff wave equation with structural damping or strong damping. The well-posedness and the existence of global attractor in the natural energy space by virtue of the Faedo-Galerkin method and energy estimates are proved. It is worth mentioning that the results of this article cover the case of possible degeneration (or even negativity) of the stiffness coefficient. Moreover, under further suitable assumptions, the fractal dimension of the global attractor is shown to be infinite by using

Z

2

{{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}

index theory.
Properties of generalized degenerate parabolic systems
Authors: Kim Sunghoon , Lee Ki-Ahm
Published: March 2022

In this article, we consider the parabolic system

(

u

i

)

t

=

∇

⋅

(

m

U

m
−
1

A

(

∇

u

i

,

u

i

,
x
,
t

)

+
ℬ

(

u

i

,
x
,
t

)

)

,

(

1
≤
i
≤
k

)

{({u}^{i})}_{t}=\nabla \cdot (m{U}^{m-1}{\mathcal{A}}(\nabla {u}^{i},{u}^{i},x,t)+{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}({u}^{i},x,t)),\hspace{1.0em}(1\le i\le k)

in the range of exponents

m
>

n
−
2

n

m\gt \frac{n-2}{n}

where the diffusion coefficient

U

U

depends on the components of the solution

u
=

(

u

1

,

…

,

u

k

)

{\bf{u}}=({u}^{1},\ldots ,{u}^{k})

. Under suitable structure conditions on the vector fields

A

{\mathcal{A}}

and

ℬ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}

, we first showed the uniform

L

∞

{L}^{\infty }

boundedness of the function

U

U

for

t
≥
τ
>
0

t\ge \tau \gt 0

. We also proved the law of

L

1

{L}^{1}

mass conservation and the local continuity of solution

u

{\bf{u}}

. In the last result, all components of the solution

u

{\bf{u}}

have the same modulus of continuity if the ratio between

U

U

and

u

i

{u}^{i}

, (

1
≤
i
≤
k

1\le i\le k

), is uniformly bounded above and below.