bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinary Hepcidin-25 Is Elevated in Patients That Avoid Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Choi Nora , Rigatto Claudio , Zappitelli Michael , Gao Ang , Christie Simon , Hiebert Brett , Arora Rakesh C. , Ho Julie
Published: January 2018

Background:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Characterization and validation of early biomarkers of AKI may ultimately facilitate early therapeutic intervention. We have previously identified that elevated urinary hepcidin-25 is inversely and independently associated with the development of AKI in adult cardiac surgery patients. Hepcidin-25 is an antimicrobial peptide that sequesters iron intracellularly, and its elevation following human ischemia reperfusion injury may represent a renoprotective response to minimize renal injury.

Objective:

Our goal was to validate urinary hepcidin-25 as a non-invasive biomarker in an independent cardiac surgery cohort, within the context of clinical AKI predictors.

Design:

Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting:

Adult cardiac surgery program at St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Patients:

Adult cardiac surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), n = 306.

Measurements:

Urine hepcidin-25, measured on post-operative day (POD) 1.

Methods:

A prospective, observational cohort of adult CPB patients (n = 306) was collected with serial perioperative urine samples. Urine hepcidin-25 at POD 1 was measured by competitive ELISA. Its diagnostic performance was evaluated in conjunction with clinical parameters and the Thakar clinical prediction score, using multivariate logistic regression.

Results:

Urinary hepcidin-25 is elevated following cardiac surgery in AKI and non-AKI patients. Elevated urinary hepcidin-25 concentration was inversely associated with AKI on both univariate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.83, P = .002) and multivariate analysis (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50-0.95, P = .02). A combined model with clinical risk factors demonstrated that baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), diabetes mellitus, and urinary hepcidin-25 concentration had an overall area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 (0.75-0.88) for predicting subsequent AKI development, which was superior to clinical prediction alone as determined by the Thakar score.

Limitations:

(1) A single-center observational study. (2) Polyclonal antibody–based competitive ELISA.

Conclusion:

Hepcidin-25 is inversely associated with AKI in a multivariate model when combined with eGFR and diabetes mellitus, with an overall AUC of 0.82. Notably, urinary hepcidin-25 improves on clinical AKI prediction compared to the Thakar score alone.
Underappreciated Factors to Consider in Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Current Concepts Review
Authors: Southam Brendan R. , Colosimo Angelo J. , Grawe Brian
Published: January 2018

Primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions (ACLRs) are being performed with increasing frequency. While many of these will have successful outcomes, failures will occur in a subset of patients who will require revision ACLRs. As such, the number of revision procedures will continue to rise as well. While many reviews have focused on factors that commonly contribute to failure of primary ACLR, including graft choice, patient factors, early return to sport, and technical errors, this review focused on several factors that have received less attention in the literature. These include posterior tibial slope, varus malalignment, injury to the anterolateral ligament, and meniscal injury or deficiency. This review also appraised several emerging techniques that may be useful in the context of revision ACL surgery. While outcomes of revision ACLR are generally inferior to those of primary procedures, identifying these potentially underappreciated contributing factors preoperatively will allow the surgeon to address them at the time of revision, ideally improving patient outcomes and preventing recurrent ACL failure.
Multimodality Study of a Twin Pregnancy Within a Rudimentary Horn
Authors: Nanni Garth S. , Wall Thomas , Silkowski Cynthia
Published: January 2018

Pregnancies within rudimentary horns of unicornuate uteri are extremely rare. These pregnancies account for approximately 1 in 76 000 to 1 in 140 000 worldwide, with uterine rupture being the most concerning complication. A case is presented of a 24-year-old female, gravida 2, para 0, who underwent multiple sonograms pertaining to two gestations over a 3-year period. Both pregnancies occurred within the left rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus. The left rudimentary horn was confirmed, on magnetic resonance imaging, to have no communication with the right horn or endocervical canal. The first pregnancy resulted in a missed abortion, and the second pregnancy, 3 years later, was a twin gestation, which was carefully monitored. At 20 weeks, the uterus began to rupture, and an emergency C-section was attempted. Neither the fetus nor the rudimentary horn survived, which was excised. This case demonstrates a rare uterine finding, a pregnancy occurred twice within the horn that lacked communication with the cervix.
In vitro studies of the antibacterial activity of Copaifera spp. oleoresins, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a hemodialysis unit
Authors: Vieira Rosimara Gonçalves Leite , Moraes Thaís da Silva , Silva Larissa de Oliveira , Bianchi Thamires Chiquini , Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio Sola , Ambrósio Sérgio Ricardo , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Pires Regina Helena , Martins Carlos Henrique Gomes
Published: January 2018

Background

Patients submitted to hemodialysis therapy are more susceptible to infection, especially to infection by Gram-positive bacteria. Various research works have attempted to discover new antimicrobial agents from plant extracts and other natural products.

Methods

The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial activities ofCopaifera duckei,C. reticulata, andC. oblongifoliaoleoresins; sodium hypochlorite; and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a Hemodialysis Unit. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and the Fractionated Inhibitory Concentration Index were determined; the ability of the tested compounds/extracts to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by calculating the MICB50and IC50.

Results

C. duckeiwas the most efficient among the assayedCopaiferaspecies, and its oleoresin was more effective than peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite.Copaiferaoleoresins and disinfectants did not act synergistically at any of the tested combinations. Certain ofC. duckeioleoresin, peracetic acid, and sodium hypochlorite concentrations inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated 50% of the biofilm population.

Conclusion

C. duckeioleoresin is a potential candidate for disinfectant formulations. Based on these results and given the high incidence of multi-resistant bacteria in hemodialysis patients, it is imperative that new potential antibacterial agents likeC. duckeioleoresin, which is active againstStaphylococcus, be included in disinfectant formulations.
A methodological approach to estimate soil corrosivity for archaeological copper alloy artefacts
Authors: Oudbashi Omid
Published: January 2018

Characterization of soil corrosivity in archaeological sites is an important subject to understand the conservation conditions of archaeological bronze collections and helps conservators to prepare a conservation strategy for long term preservation of bronze objects. In this paper, a research approach is established to identify soil corrosivity in two archaeological sites and to find correlation between corrosion events and soil characterizations. Therefore, an analytical study was carried out to identify different factors of soil environment influencing corrosivity of the soil in two sites. Based on the results, measuring different factors such as chemical composition, pH, texture, soluble salts and water content and SOM displayed different soil environments in two archaeological sites. The results represent correlative relationship between corrosion mechanism and soil characteristics in these archaeological sites.
The characteristics of tight oil sand reservoir-source assemblage in lacustrine basins: A case study of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, northeast China
Authors: Li Yaohua , Song Yan , Jiang Zhenxue , Yin Lishi , Chen Mo , Wang Pengyan , Liu Dan , Ge Yunjin
Published: January 2018

The complicated source-reservoir-assemblage characteristics of lacustrine tight oil sand in China are the main controlling factors of tight reservoir oiliness (i.e., oil richness). Several studies have focused on qualitative description of source-reservoir-assemblage characteristics without quantitative assessment. In this study, reservoir-source-assemblage (RSA) has been evaluated quantitatively by fitting the RSA log in the evaluation of Qijia Depression in the Songliao Basin. Total organic carbon (TOC) and sand volume (Vs) logs are used to fit the RSA log in three steps: (1) TOC and Vs log fitting and normalization, (2) RSA log fitting, and (3) extraction of root-mean-square (rms) amplitude and frequency (Frq(0)) information from the RSA log. The rms represents the reservoir capability and hydrocarbon potential, and Frq(0) represents the interbedding frequency that changes with the lake level. Positive values (0–1] of the RSA log correspond to a high lake level, whereas negative values [[Formula: see text], 0) correspond to a low lake level. Based on RSA log values, we defined the parameter RSAsuf, a product of rms and Frq(0), to quantitatively evaluate the tight oil sweet spot. RSAsurf serves as tight oil sweet spot indicator and correlates positively to oil richness. As a result, four types of effective reservoirs (RI, RII, RIII, and RIV), two types of effective sources (SI and SII), and three types of RSAs (R-S-R, S-R-S, and S-S-R) are identified based on cores and RSA logs. High RSAsuf values on the isoline map indicate the sweet spot zones around the G933 and J392 well areas, which correlates very well with the oilfield test data. The approach is appropriate for lacustrine basins with complicated RSA, in which RSA logs serve as indicator for the sedimentary rhythm, reservoir capability, and hydrocarbon potential.
Inversion and interpretation of seismic-derived rock properties in the Duvernay play
Authors: Weir Ronald M. , Eaton David W. , Lines Larry R. , Lawton Donald C. , Ekpo Eneanwan
Published: January 2018

We have developed an interpretive seismic workflow that incorporates multicomponent seismic inversion, guided by structural mapping, for characterizing low-permeability unconventional reservoirs. The workflow includes the determination of a calibrated time-depth relationship, generation of seismic-derived structural maps, poststack inversion, amplitude-variation-with-offset analysis, and PP-PS joint inversion. The subsequent interpretation procedure combines structural and inversion results with seismic-derived lithologic parameters, such as the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and brittleness index. We applied this workflow to a 3D multicomponent seismic data set from the Duvernay play in the Kaybob area in Alberta, Canada. Subtle faults are discernible using isochron maps, horizontal time slices, and seismic stratal slices. Fault-detection software is also used to aid in the delineation of structural discontinuities. We found that seismic-derived attributes, coupled with structural mapping, can be used to map reservoir facies and thus to highlight zones that are most favorable for hydraulic-fracture stimulation. By imaging structural discontinuities and preexisting zones of weakness, seismic mapping also contributes to an improved framework for understanding the induced-seismicity risk.
Compensation for chronic oxidative stress in ALADIN null mice
Authors: Jühlen Ramona , Peitzsch Mirko , Gärtner Sebastian , Landgraf Dana , Eisenhofer Graeme , Huebner Angela , Koehler Katrin
Published: January 2018

Mutations in the AAAS gene coding for the nuclear pore complex protein ALADIN lead to the autosomal recessive disorder triple A syndrome. Triple A patients present with a characteristic phenotype including alacrima, achalasia and adrenal insufficiency. Patient fibroblasts show increased levels of oxidative stress, and several in vitro studies have demonstrated that the nucleoporin ALADIN is involved in both the cellular oxidative stress response and adrenal steroidogenesis. It is known that ALADIN knock-out mice lack a phenotype resembling human triple A syndrome. The objective of this study was to determine whether the application of chronic oxidative stress by ingestion of paraquat would generate a triple A-like phenotype in ALADIN null mice. Adult male mice were fed with either a paraquat (0.25 g/kg diet) or control diet for 11 days. After application of chronic oxidative stress, ALADIN knock-out mice presented with an unexpected compensated glutathione metabolism, but lacked a phenotype resembling human triple A syndrome. We did not observe increased levels of oxidative stress and alterations in adrenal steroidogenesis in mice depleted for ALADIN. This study stresses the species-specific role of the nucleoporin ALADIN, which in mice involves a novel compensatory mechanism for regulating the cellular glutathione redox response.
Comprometimento e entrincheiramento em carreiras do setor público: estudo exploratório e confirmatório
Authors: Santos Aleksandra Pereira
Published: January 2018

Trata-se do estudo exploratório e confirmatório das escalas de comprometimento com a carreira e entrincheiramento na carreira. Pretende-se analisar a dimensionalidade dos construtos associados e obter evidências de validade. A amostra, formada por 650 servidores públicos federais, foi dividida aleatoriamente em duas subamostras. Os resultados apontaram para estruturas de três fatores que correspondem às dimensões teóricas previstas para cada um dos dois construtos. Nas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, foram adotadas reespecificações em ambas as escalas. A escala de comprometimento ficou composta por 11 itens e a de entrincheiramento restou com 10 itens. Verificou-se, também, a existência de diferenças entre carreiras da administração pública federal no que se refere às dimensões do comprometimento e entrincheiramento na carreira. Tais diferenças foram significativas para cinco fatores: identidade, planejamento de carreira, resiliência, investimentos na carreira e falta de alternativas de carreira.
A aliança civil-militar brasileira na ocultação de documentos da ditadura após a redemocratização
Authors: Oliveira Raphael Alberti Nóbrega de
Published: January 2018

Resenha crítica do livro de Lucas Figueiredo denominado Lugar Nenhum, em que o autor revela as ações presidenciais de José Sarney até Dilma Rousseff na ocultação de documentos da ditadura de 1964-1985. O autor faz um esboço também sobre a inserção dos serviços de inteligência nas Forças Armadas e como lidavam com o arquivamento desses registros.
Desafios e estratégias na criação do Memorial Cardeal Dom Lucas Moreira Neves (2003-2013)
Authors: Mário Vandelir Camilo
Published: January 2018

O artigo tem como objeto o Memorial Cardeal Dom Lucas Moreira Neves, instituição de memória composta por um museu, uma biblioteca e um arquivo pessoal. Dom Lucas Moreira Neves foi um cardeal brasileiro, arcebispo e Primaz do País entre 1987 e 1998. Trata-se de um estudo de caso que buscou identificar as condições sociais, políticas e econômicas que viabilizam o empreendimento. Especial atenção é dada ao acervo – museológico, bibliográfico e arquivístico – depositado no Memorial, visando compreender o papel que desempenham na construção da imagem de dom Lucas Moreira Neves, bem como as iniciativas de cunho memorialista que vêm sendo empreendidas pela instituição.
Entrevista com Paulo Fontes
Authors: Chequer Julia , Alexandre Maria Lúcia Bezerra da Silva
Published: January 2018

Paulo Fontes possui graduação em História pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP), mestrado e doutorado em História Social pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). É professor e pesquisador da Escola de Ciências Sociais da Fundação Getulio Vargas (CPDOC/FGV), no Rio de Janeiro. Foi professor da Fundação Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo (2002-2005), professor visitante nas Universidades de Duke (2004) e Princeton (2006-7), nos Estados Unidos e pesquisador visitante no International Institute of Social History em Amsterdã, Holanda (2013) e no re:work Institute da Humboldt University em Berlim, Alemanha (2014). Entre 2010 e 2012, foi o coordenador nacional do GT Mundos do Trabalho da Associação Nacional de História (ANPUH). Autor de livros e artigos no campo da história social do trabalho, possui experiência nas áreas de história do Brasil, história da América Latina e história contemporânea, pesquisando principalmente os seguintes temas: sindicalismo, movimentos sociais e urbanização.É pesquisador do CNPq (bolsa produtividade nível 2).
Post-weaning nutrition of dairy heifers
Authors: Cooper Richard , Moorhouse Julia
Published: January 2018

There has been very little recent research published regarding the nutritional management of dairy heifers in the period following weaning up until their first calving. As a result, nutritional advisors sometimes may feel ill-equipped in advising clients on this area of heifer management. This article aims to provide some practical guidance on how nutritional advice for this production group may be approached, based on the authors' experiences to date.
Inventory of mangrove forest as part of management effort in the coastal area of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra
Authors: NINGSIH SRI SUSANTI , WIDHIASTUTI RETNO , UTOMO BUDI , GUSLIM GUSLIM
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Ningsih SS, Widhiastuti R, Utomo B, Guslim. 2011. Inventory of mangrove forest as part of management effort in the coastal area of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 58-69. This research aims to describe and compare the condition and management of the mangroves at the Deli Serdang regency. The research study was conducted in 9 mangrove villages in the coastal region of the Deli Serdang regency. The methods used the square line with a line 10 m x 60 m sizes by vertical sea sideways for each village. The seedlings sub size 2 m x 2 m square, the saplings sub size 5 m x 5 m square, and trees level sub sizes 10 m x 10 m. The parameter analysis was important values index, diversities index, profile diagram, the mangrove thickness, and salinities. The result showed that mangrove vegetation was dominated by Avicennia marina (api-api hitam) and followed by Excoecaria agallocha (butabuta) and Avicennia alba (api-api putih). The diverse mangroves of the coastal region Deli Serdang regency are still low. The thickness and the thinness of mangrove forests were found in Paluh Kurau (500 m) and Rugemuk (20 m), respectively. The mangroves villages with the highest canopy wide were in Karang Gading (78,99%), Tanjung Rejo (63,76%), and the lowest ones were in Paluh Sibaji (20,58%) and Rugemuk (26,43%). The highest salinity was found at sub-districts of Labuhan Deli and Hamparan Perak, while middle salinity at sub-district of Percut Sei Tuan, while of the district of Pantai Labu the salinity was from low level to middle. Based on the analysis of the vegetation closeness and canopy width, the condition of the coastal region of Deli Serdang regency mangroves was destroyed.
Growth of transplanted soft corals Lobophytum strictum on recirculation system with different light conditions
Authors: SYAH CANDRA , INDRAWAN ANDRY , PRIYONO AGUS
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Syah C, Indrawan A, Priyono A. 2012. Growth of Rhizophora mucronata in mangrove restoration area at Angke Kapuk Protected Forest, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wetlands 2: 34-45. The aim of this research was to determine the plant growth rate of Rhizophora mucronata in the mangrove restoration area of Angke Kapuk Protected Forest, Jakarta, and to know the characteristics of the site and its environment. The research indicated that the average plant height was 60.388 cm to 147.496 cm and the average diameter was 2.435 cm to 6.196 cm. The average height increment of the largest, found in sub-station 1 (2.2307 cm), was significantly different from the other seven sub-stations. Average high accretion smallest sub-stations located on seven (0.1853 cm) and sub-station (0.1373cm). The average increment of the largest diameter found in sub-stations 1 (0.0591 cm) and 2 (0.0599) was significantly different from the other seven sub-stations. Average height increments are the smallest at sub-station 5 (0334 cm) and sub-station 7 (0.0334 cm), and sub-station 8 (0.0334 cm). The highest Caution exchange capacity (CEC) was found in sub-station 2 (31.55 me/100 g) and lowest in sub-station 4 (22.94 me/100 g). CEC on sub-station 4 is low because of dry soil conditions and tidal irregularities.
Dynamic model on the economic value of mangrove ecosystems in Tangerang Coastal Area, Banten
Authors: AIDA GILANG RUSRITA , WARDIATNO YUSLI , FAHRUDIN ACHMAD , KAMAL M. MUKHLIS
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Aida GR, Wardiatno Y, Fahrudin A, Kamal MM. 2016. Dynamic model on the economic value of mangrove ecosystems in Tangerang Coastal Area, Banten. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 26-42. The purpose of this research is to estimate mangrove productivity through the production of litter; that includes: estimating the potential fisheries production through mangrove litter production approach; estimating the mangrove ecosystem value from potential fisheries of mangrove litter production, existing fisheries, and aquaculture; and determining a dynamic model of mangrove ecosystems value for fisheries and the aquaculture in coastal areas of Tangerang District, Banten. The study was conducted in May-July 2014, with the sampling location conducted in the Kronjo Subdistrict, Tangerang District, Banten. The data required include mangrove vegetation characteristics, physical and chemical parameters of the aquatic environment, mangrove litter production, socio-economic data related to the utilization of mangrove ecosystem, and secondary data related. The potential fisheries that are supported by mangroves are calculated by the method developed by Mahmudi (2008), the value of fisheries existing and aquaculture obtained through the consumer surplus approach. Based on the research, the production of mangrove litter which consists of Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris reaches 3.47 g/m2/day or 12,492 kg/ha/yr. Coastal fisheries potential of the ecosystem can support 1,134.01 kg/ha/yr with the value reaching Rp 27,016,978.57/ ha/yr. The value of actual fisheries reaching Rp.5,442,896,260/ha/yr and aquaculture Rp.8,012,608/ha/yr. The result of the dynamic model simulation shows that in the existing condition, the total value of mangroves used is not sustainable and continued to decline. While mangrove rehabilitation at least 2.27 ha/yr could maintain the sustainable value of mangrove used. Mangrove rehabilitation also needs to consider the composition of mangrove species to produce fishery potential that can be supported optimally and increase the total value of mangrove utilization.
An assessment of a tropical urban stream using benthic macroinvertebrates as a bio-indicator in Muara Angke, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: KELLY CHRISTOPHER , MITRASETIA TATANG , SUGARDJITO JITO
Published: January 2018

Kelly C, Mitrasetia T, Sugardjito J. 2017. An assessment of a tropical urban stream using benthic macroinvertebrates as a bio-indicator in Muara Angke, Jakarta, Indonesia. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 65-73. A preliminary study was conducted on the populations, density and distributions of benthic macroinvertebrate species along the course of the Ciliwung/Angke River, Jakarta. The selected river section is highly urbanized and heavily polluted, and five study sites were selected along its course to assess the health of the river ecosystem. Benthic macroinvertebrates are used as a bio-indicator for evaluation of ecosystem health. Their different pollution sensitivities, wide distribution and relatively sedentary lives make them useful candidates for this role. The focal point of the study is the MuaraAngke mangrove forest and wetland, a small remnant wetland at the mouth of the river in Jakarta Metropolitan. A comparison is drawn between the different study sites to assess the health and potential utility of this unique habitat. Despite several intense pressures resulting from the highly urbanized surroundings, and the mangrove's position at the mouth of the river where pollution accumulation would be highest, the data collected from this site showed a macroinvertebrate population dominated by pollution -sensitive taxa, suggesting the mangrove itself continues to provide significant ecosystem services in water -purification.
Gorbachev’s ‘Common European Home’ and its relevance for Russian foreign policy today
Authors: Casier Tom
Published: January 2018

At the end of the 1980s the Soviet Union’s last leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, launched the idea of a ‘Common European Home’. It was part of his campaign for New Political Thinking in foreign policy, which aimed to deideologise the Soviet approach to international affairs, and positioned the country firmly within a European political community and civilisation. While the concept Common European Home has faded away with the Soviet Union, many of its supporting ideas resonate in Russia’s foreign policy discourse under Putin. Four similarities stand out: the preference for a multipolar Europe without dividing lines, indivisible and collective pan-European security, free trade from Lisbon to Vladivostok and intra-European relations founded on international law. But some fundamental characteristics have changed. First, the context of Russian-European relations has altered substantially and many ideas are now used in an antagonistic context, to reject Euro-Atlantic hegemony. Even if the wording often remains similar, the emphasis is now on Russia’s sovereign and independent path. Secondly, the core idea of a unified European civilisation has been replaced by the notion of competition between civilisations. Hereby Russia claims to represent genuine European values, giving the latter a strongly conservative interpretation. Finally, the Eurasian turn in Russian foreign policy has undermined the centrality of Europe in its discourse. Rather than envisaging a collaborative Europe, Russian and EU integration initiatives are seen as rivalling. This evolution of Russia’s vision on Europe did not change abruptly with Putin’s ascent to power but built up gradually in the decade before the Ukraine crisis, against a background of escalating tensions and growing distrust.
The Moment of Release
Authors: Ellinghaus Katherine
Published: January 2018

During the twentieth century some Australian states and the U.S. federal government enacted comparable policies that demonstrate how the discourse of protection continued to survive in an era when settler nations were focussed on “assimilating” Indigenous populations. The Australian policy of exemption and the U.S. policy of competency did not represent a true change in direction from past policies of protection. In contrast to the nineteenth century, though, these twentieth-century policies offered protection to only a deserving few. Drawing on records of exemption and competency from New South Wales and Oklahoma in the 1940s and 1950s, this article shows how the policies of exemption and competency ostensibly gave the opportunity for some individuals to prove that they no longer needed the paternalism of colonial governments. They were judged using very different local criteria. In Australia, applicants were mostly judged on whether they engaged in “respectable” use of alcohol; in the United States, applicants were assessed on whether they had “business sense.”
LIFR increases the release of soluble endoglin via the upregulation of MMP14 expression in preeclampsia
Authors: Li Hua , Yao Julei , Chang Xinwen , Wu Jinting , Duan Tao , Wang Kai
Published: January 2018

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder that is the main cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inadequate trophoblastic invasion and endothelial dysfunction in the placenta are considered the foundation of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia in which soluble endoglin (sENG) plays an antiangiogenic role in the development of PE. The leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) has been widely studied and is highly involved in arterial injuryin vivoand in the migration of cancer cellsin vitro. Here, we tested the hypothesis that LIFR may be correlated with preeclampsia through its regulation of the release of sENG. Our data showed that LIFR protein, the expression of which significantly decreased with the progression of pregnancy, was located in the syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast. The LIFR protein level was increased in pregnancies with preeclampsia compared with normotensive full-term pregnancies. After the overexpression of LIFR in HTR8/SVneo cells, the release of sENG as well as the migration and invasion were significantly enhanced. Moreover, we also observed that LIFR induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase14 (MMP14) and that the knockdown or inhibition of MMP14 decreased the release of sENG, as well as increased the LIFR-induced migration and invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells. These studies demonstrated that LIFR promoted the release of sENG through MMP14in vitro, which indicates that LIFR may be involved in the development of preeclampsia.
Melatonin reduces oxidative damage in mouse granulosa cells via restraining JNK-dependent autophagy
Authors: Cao Yan , Shen Ming , Jiang Yi , Sun Shao-chen , Liu Honglin
Published: January 2018

Oxidative stress-induced granulosa cell (GCs) injury is believed to be a common trigger for follicular atresia. Emerging evidence indicates that excessive autophagy occurs in mammalian cells with oxidative damage. N-acetyl-5-methoxytrypamine (melatonin) has been shown to prevent GCs from oxidative injury, although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we first demonstrated that the suppression of autophagy through the JNK/BCL-2/BECN1 signaling is engaged in melatonin-mediated GCs protection against oxidative damage. Melatonin inhibited the loss of GCs viability, formation of GFP-MAP1LC3B puncta, accumulation of MAP1LC3B-II blots, degradation of SQSTM1 and the expression of BECN1, which was correlated with impaired activation of JNK during oxidative stress. On the other hand, blocking of autophagy and/or JNK also reduced the level of H2O2-induced GCs death, but failed to further restore GCs viability in the presence of melatonin. Particularly, the suppression of autophagy provided no additional protective effects when GCs were pretreated with JNK inhibitor and/or melatonin. Importantly, we found that the enhanced interaction between BCL-2 and BECN1 might be a responsive mechanism for autophagy suppression via the melatonin/JNK pathway. Moreover, blocking the downstream antioxidant system of melatonin using specific inhibitors further confirmed a direct role of melatonin/JNK/autophagy axis in preserving GCs survival without scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Taken together, our findings uncover a novel function of melatonin in preventing GCs from oxidative damage by targeting JNK-mediated autophagy, which might contribute to develop therapeutic strategies for patients with ovulation failure-related disorders.
Beyond Genomic Prediction: Combining Different Types of omics Data Can Improve Prediction of Hybrid Performance in Maize
Authors: Schrag Tobias A , Westhues Matthias , Schipprack Wolfgang , Seifert Felix , Thiemann Alexander , Scholten Stefan , Melchinger Albrecht E
Published: January 2018

The ability to predict the agronomic performance of single-crosses with high precision is essential for selecting superior candidates for hybrid breeding. With recent technological advances, thousands of new parent lines, and, consequently, millions of new hybrid combinations are possible in each breeding cycle, yet only a few hundred can be produced and phenotyped in multi-environment yield trials. Well established prediction approaches such as best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) using pedigree data and whole-genome prediction using genomic data are limited in capturing epistasis and interactions occurring within and among downstream biological strata such as transcriptome and metabolome. Because mRNA and small RNA (sRNA) sequences are involved in transcriptional, translational and post-translational processes, we expect them to provide information influencing several biological strata. However, using sRNA data of parent lines to predict hybrid performance has not yet been addressed. Here, we gathered genomic, transcriptomic (mRNA and sRNA) and metabolomic data of parent lines to evaluate the ability of the data to predict the performance of untested hybrids for important agronomic traits in grain maize. We found a considerable interaction for predictive ability between predictor and trait, with mRNA data being a superior predictor for grain yield and genomic data for grain dry matter content, while sRNA performed relatively poorly for both traits. Combining mRNA and genomic data as predictors resulted in high predictive abilities across both traits and combining other predictors improved prediction over that of the individual predictors alone. We conclude that downstream “omics” can complement genomics for hybrid prediction, and, thereby, contribute to more efficient selection of hybrid candidates.
A Patent: Innovation in the Bottle and Environmental Approach for Liquid Packaging Material
Authors: Fatih Burçin Gürarslan  , Necla Çağlarırmak
Published: January 2018

Food packaging is one of the essential steps of food industry because of kinds of reasons such as hygiene, practical usage, fast and easy consumption, long shelf life, good and long preserving of foods etc. This invention related with innovation of bottle that provides preservation, storage and transport of water and similar liquid into containers. Created patent brings a new invention of bottle which has not bottle cap but can be closed easily due to its invented special design thus a patent was obtained for related industries. In the patented design, length of inlet is long in the invention of container. There are one or two register films due to preference bottom of the inlet section. Bottle contains at least two vertical folding edges those have 180o vertical angle and also have at least one or two due to preference horizontal folding edge in the inlet section. Biopolymers from renewable resources have been examined and studied with great interest in recently. Environmental plastics are made from renewable raw materials such as maize and potato starch or the patent article, patent was introduced with suggestion manufacturing designed bottle with biodegradable materials for sustainable environment.
Cardiac Arrest Survival in Pediatric and General Emergency Departments
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Hudgins Joel D. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Bachur Richard G. , Finkelstein Jonathan A.
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a low rate of survival to hospital discharge. Understanding whether pediatric emergency departments (EDs) have higher survival than general EDs may help identify ways to improve care for all patients with OHCA. We sought to determine if OHCA survival differs between pediatric and general EDs.

METHODS:

We used the 2009–2014 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to study children under 18 with cardiac arrest. We compared pediatric EDs (those with >75% pediatric visits) to general EDs on the outcome of survival to hospital discharge or transfer. We determined unadjusted and adjusted survival, accounting for age, region, and injury severity. Analyses were stratified by nontraumatic versus traumatic cause.

RESULTS:

The incidences of nontraumatic and traumatic OHCA were 7.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.52–8.30) and 2.67 (95% CI: 2.49–2.85) per 100 000 person years. In nontraumatic OHCA, unadjusted survival was higher in pediatric EDs than general EDs (33.8% vs 18.9%, P < .001). The adjusted odds ratio of survival in pediatric versus general EDs was 2.2 (95% CI: 1.7–2.8). Children with traumatic OHCA had similar survival in pediatric and general EDs (31.7% vs 26.1%, P = .14; adjusted odds ratio = 1.3 [95% CI: 0.8–2.1]).

CONCLUSIONS:

In a nationally representative sample, survival from nontraumatic OHCA was higher in pediatric EDs than general EDs. Survival did not differ in traumatic OHCA. Identifying the features of pediatric ED OHCA care leading to higher survival could be translated into improved survival for children nationally.
Ethnomedicinal treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Transylvania, Romania
Authors: Papp Nóra , Tóth Mónika , Dénes Tünde , Gyergyák Kinga , Filep Rita , Bartha Sámuel Gergely , Csepregi Rita , Balázs Viktória Lilla , Farkas Ágnes
Published: January 2018

Ethnomedicine using mostly plants is of pivotal importance nowadays in several Transylvanian regions in Romania. In this study (2007–2015), one Swabian-German, one Hungarian, three Csángó-Hungarian and nine Székely-Hungarian villages were selected to collect ethnomedicinal treatments for various gastrointestinal diseases. Some of the studied villages have partial or no permanent medical and pharmaceutical services. The 374 inhabitants interviewed used mostly medicinal plants based on ancient knowledge. The 78 (53 wild and 25 cultivated) plants documented have 181 local names and are used to treat ailments such as loss of appetite, bloating, stomach ache, gastric ulcer, and diarrhea, mostly in tea form. This knowledge decreases continuously because of loss of interest among young people and through frequent use of media sources and books. Although some of these plants have also been described in official medicinal sources, several data suggest the need for further fieldwork and new experimental analyses to highlight the valuable role of these plants in recent phytotherapy.
PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM DI PAPARAN BANJIRAN GIAM SIAK KECIL
Authors: Kasim Kamaluddin , Prianto Eko , Husnah Husnah , Triharyuni Setiya
Published: January 2018

Cagar biosfir Giam Siak Kecil (GSK) merupakan ekosistem paparan banjiran yang unik dengan sumberdaya ikan yang beragam. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan terkait pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan diantaranya penurunan jumlah dan jenis sumberdaya perikanan. Salah satu upaya pengelolaan perikanan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan ekosistem (Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management/EAFM). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan melalui pendekatan ekosistem di rawa banjiran GSK Provinsi Riau. Jenis ikan yang ditemukan sebanyak 37 jenis ikan, 10 jenis diantaranya merupakan ikan ekonomis penting, sementara 5 jenis ikan mengalami kelangkaan diantaranya arwana (Schleropages aureus), belida (Chitala sp), patin (Pangasius sp), jalai (Channa maruliodes). Nilai beberapa domain pada pengelolaan perikanan GSK menunjukkan skor pada kategori buruk (dibawah reference point) yakni pada domain penangkapan, kelembagaan dan ekonomi. Namun, secara umum kondisi pengelolaan rawa banjiran GSK tergolong dalam kategori sedang (nilai 1,53). Focus group discussion merumuskan langkah-langkah pengelolaan yang diperlukan diantaranya: 1) restocking ikan asli. 2) pengembangan kawasan suaka perikanan, 3) peningkatan pengawasan terhadap praktek-praktek penangkapan ikan ilegal dan merusak, 4) penguatan kelembagaan pengelolaan perikanan, dan 5) monitoring hasil tangkapan ikan beserta evaluasi pengelolaannya.Giam Siak Kecil Biosphere Reserve is a part of unique floodplain ecosystem, which is inhabited by various fresh water fish species. The catches of some native species have curtailed over the last decade since the local fishers often use destructive fishing practices and gears. A sustainable management approach needs to be addressed to avoid over-exploitation and to restore the stock. This research aimed to formulate proper management approach that can be applied to the floodplain ecosystem of Giam Siak Kecil Biosphere Reserve. The research found that at least 37 species of fish were recorded, 10 of them were economically important species. There were five species categorized as rare species such as Arwana (Schleropages aureus), Belida (Chitala sp), Patin (Pangasius sp), and Jalai (Channa maruliodes). EAFM indikators showed that the lowest score (below the reference point) were found on fishery domain, organization domain, and economy domain. Nevertheless, it could be concluded that floodplain ecosystem of Giam Siak Kecil Biosphere Reserve was categorized in middle class category, with average scores of 1.53. Based on the findings above, the formulation of management purposed should be addressed to: 1) restocking native fishes, 2) developing fishery sanctuary, 3) increase surveillance of illegal fishing practices, 4) strengthening fishers organizations, 5) monitoring and evaluating the catch on weekly or monthly basis.
Assessing the value of entrustment during high fidelity simulation – an innovation pilot
Authors: Sharma Neel , Hollingsworth Merona , Martin Lynette , Restivo Andrew
Published: January 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Medical training is currently moving towards entrustment, in essence determining when a learner can be entrusted to perform an aspect of competency unsupervised. We are also seeing reliance on the use of high fidelity simulation during training which allows for the undertaking of medical or surgical scenarios in a safe learning environment. Here we describe a novel innovation merging both platforms in an undergraduate setting and the potential limitations.
Recent Advances in Controlled and Modified Atmosphere of Fresh Produce
Authors: Falagán Natalia , Terry Leon A.
Published: January 2018

World trade has transformed food retailing and driven the development of technology for the transportation and storage of horticultural products, providing year-round supply of fruit and vegetables. Horticultural produce is highly perishable, as fruit and vegetables continue their metabolic processes that lead to ripening and senescence after harvest, making them ultimately unmarketable. Advanced postharvest technologies are essential for reducing food waste while maintaining high standards of safety and quality. Together with cold storage, controlled atmosphere (CA) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) have been applied to alter the produce’s internal and external environment, decreasing its metabolic activity and extending shelf-life. Both CA and MAP have benefitted from technological innovation. Respiratory quotient control has improved the management of conventional and recently developed CA systems; gas scavengers have made MAP more efficient; and the inclusion of natural additives has enhanced food safety across the supply chain. This paper critically reviews the application of new postharvest techniques to manipulate gaseous environments and highlights areas that require further study.
Salvinorina A: terpeno alucinógeno presente en Salvia divinorum Epling & Játiva
Authors: Soto-Restrepo Valentina , Taborda-Ocampo Gonzalo , Garzón-Méndez William
Published: January 2018

Tema y alcance: el objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los estudios químicos que se han realizado sobre Salvia divinorum E&J en estos últimos años.

Características: desde la década de 1990 hasta hoy se ha incrementado la distribución y el uso de Salvia divinorum E&J para “fines recreativos”, debido a sus efectos alucinógenos y a su fácil acceso. Sus efectos en el organismo se han relacionado con las de otras sustancias como: delta-9-THC en la marihuana, DMT, LSD , MDMA, PCP y ketamina.

Hallazgos: las investigaciones químicas realizadas en otros países sobre Salvia divinorum E&J se enfocan en los procesos de extracción, determinación, cuantificación, análisis y biosíntesis de Salvinorina A, compuesto químico al cual se le atribuye la bioactividad de la planta. Este compuesto es considerado como uno de los alucinógenos más potentes de origen natural, además de ser química y estructuralmente único, puesto que fue el primer diterpeno conocido con actividad psicoactiva.

Conclusiones: la presente revisión encontró que en los últimos años las investigaciones químicas en Salvia divinorum E&J están enfocadas a través del uso de cromatografía de gases y cromatografía líquida en diversas matrices como hojas, sangre, orina y agua, con el fin de determinar la Salvinorina A y otros metabolitos presentes en la planta. En una de las investigaciones, comprobaron por RMN y HR-ESI-MS que la biosíntesis de Salvinorina A está dada por la ruta metabólica del ácido mevalónico y la ruta del metileritritol fosfato, las cuales corresponden a las rutas metabólicas para la biosíntesis de terpenos.
Objektivikasi Perempuan dalam Tiga Dongeng Klasik Indonesia dari Sanggar Tumpal: Sangkuriang, Jaka Tarub, dan Si Leungli
Authors: Hapsarani Dhita
Published: January 2018

Berbagai penelitian tentang aspek gender dalam cerita rakyat menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai gender yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat sering kali tidak sejalan dengan pandangan kontemporer tentang nilai-nilai gender. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan cara perempuan diobjektivikasi di dalam tiga dongeng klasik Indonesia, yaitu Si Leungli, Jaka Tarub, dan Sangkuriang yang ditulis kembali oleh Sanggar Tumpal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep objektivikasi dari Nussbaum dan Langton. Mengingat ketiga dongeng itu dikemas dalam buku cerita bergambar,  penelitian ini akan menganalisis teks ataupun gambarnya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa objektivikasi terhadap perempuan di dalam ketiga dongeng klasik itu, disadari atau tidak disadari oleh penulis dan ilustratornya, dilakukan secara konsisten dan mengarah pada pembentukan pemahaman bahwa laki-laki berhak memaksakan kehendaknya kepada perempuan. 
PEMAKNAAN RUANG PADA MASJID KUBAH EMAS: KAJIAN SEMIOTIK RUANG
Authors: Zaman Saefu
Published: January 2018

Golden Dome Mosque is located in Depok City. Gold plating on its dome are the hallmark of this mosque. The purpose of building this mosque is as a symbol of Islamic glory in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to describe how these meanings are built on the Golden Dome Mosque, both from mosque constructors and people around the mosque. The method the writer uses is analysis of Danesi & Perron about cultural marks, known as three-dimensional analysis which includes temporal, notational, and structural analysis. The result of this research shows that the mosque creators and the people make the meaning of this mosque in its thirdness level, which is annotative in the notational dimension, annalogical in structural dimension & dynamic in the temporal dimension. The conclusion of this research is the meaning of a cultural sign is on its thirdness level where it is based on individual free interpretations.
Karya Tulis Ilmiah Sosial. Menyiapkan, Menulis, dan Mencermatinya
Authors: Hidayat Rahayu Surtiati
Published: January 2018

Buku ini adalah hasil kerja sama banyak penulis yang sekaligus dosen dan peneliti dari dua bidang ilmu: tiga antropolog dan lima ahli ilmu pengetahuan budaya Indonesia. Keragaman bidang ilmu yang bersatu dalam penulisan ilmiah itu menggambarkan bahwa ilmu sosial dan ilmu pengetahuan budaya sangat berdekatan dan sebenarnya keduanya dipayungi oleh humaniora.
The prevalence of geriatric syndromes in general practice
Authors: Kiseleva Galina V , Rafalskaya Kseniya A
Published: January 2018

The article presents data on prevalence of the main geriatric syndromes in general medical practice. The method of the structured approach to the assessment of the problems of elderly and old patients that contributes to the early detection of the main geriatric syndromes and also includes a complex as well as interdisciplinary assessment of the state of the physical health, state of mental health, social relations, satisfaction with the quality of life is comprehensively considered. The necessity of applying this methodology in general medical practice is considered.