bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastroparesis in carcinoma gallbladder: a scintigraphic study
Authors: Rajapandi Pitchai , Eakanathan Adimoolam , Ravishankar Jeyaraj
Published: May 2018

Background: Gastroparesis is characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical gastric outlet obstruction. There is strong association of gastroparesis with carcinoma gallbladder. The aim of the study was to find out the incidence of delayed gastric emptying in carcinoma gallbladder and its correlation with symptoms of stasis and stage of the disease.Methods: Patients diagnosed with carcinoma gallbladder and their matched controls were included in this study. Patients with mechanical gastric outlet obstruction were excluded. All patients underwent contrast enhanced computer tomography scan and radio labeled (Technitium 99) solid meal Scintigraphy study. Normal gastric emptying time was calculated from control group as Mean +2SD.Results: 30 patients were matched with 20 controls after obtaining informed consent. Upper limit of gastric emptying time is 55.09 minutes. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological subtype (50%), abdominal pain was the commonest symptom (86.7%) and hepatomegaly was the commonest sign (46.7%), GETt1/2 for patients was 66.72±26.52 minutes while it was 40.53±7.28 minutes in controls (p <0.05). Gastroparesis increased with advancing stage of carcinoma gallbladder (p <0.05). Symptoms of gastric stasis were seen only in 15.6% of patients.Conclusions: Patients with carcinoma gallbladder can have gastroparesis without obvious symptoms of delayed gastric emptying. This delay in gastric emptying can be documented reliably using solid meal scintigraphic study even in patients without symptoms of gastroparesis. The pathophysiology of gastroparesis needs further study. It may be prudent to remember that while performing palliative bypass surgery for gastric outflow obstruction, that in patients with carcinoma gallbladder, the gastrojejunostomy may not function as expected due to delayed gastric emptying.
Current research progress on hypoxia and tumor
Authors: Abdel-Hadi Jafar , Mesmar Adnan
Published: May 2018

Hypoxia is the decrease of normal oxygen tension in tissues. It often occurs in the tissues of acute and chronic vascular diseases or lung diseases and cancerous lesions. Severe or persistent hypoxia can lead to the death of cell. The lack of oxygen in the tumor is mainly due to the absence or deficiency of normal tumor blood vessel function, which results in a decrease of the oxygen diffusion function within the tumor, eventually leading to a series of biochemical reactions. Although hypoxia is toxic on tumor cells, tumor cells still have a strong adaptability. In the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors, tumor cells can produce adaptive changes or genetic changes so that the tumor could survive in an oxygen-deficient environment, even proliferate. Finally, tumor progression will happen. This process visualizes malignant phenotype of the tumor and makes them more aggressive. The epithelial mesenchymal transition in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor cell migration, invasion, malignant progression and metastasis. Hypoxia leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor tissue, reconstitution of extracellular matrix in tumors, and induction of resistance to antitumor drugs. There are many researches related to hypoxia and tumors. The research contents are complex. Targeted therapy for hypoxia is receiving more and more attention, but the overlapping of signal molecules due to the related mechanism between hypoxia and tumors. An effective hypoxia-targeted therapeutic drug that can be used clinically which requires hard work and arduous exploration from researchers.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА УМОВИ БАНКІВСЬКОГО КРЕДИТУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Kovtunenko K. V. , Nesterenko O. V. , Orekhova K. V.
Published: May 2018

У статті проведено аналіз стану банківського кредитування підприємств за період 2012-2016 роки. Розглянуто вітчизняний та іноземний досвід кредитування підприємств малого та середнього бізнесу. Запропоновані вимоги банків для кредитування потенційних позичальників та представлені основні переваги і недоліки оформлення банківського кредиту для підприємства. Зроблено висновок про те, що кредитування зараз в Україні не працює, зменшення кредитування – це прямий шлях до падіння ВВП, закриття підприємств, зростання безробіття і краху економіки, тому для подальшого економічного розвитку промисловим підприємствам країни треба шукати інші альтернативні джерела фінансування своєї діяльності.
SOCIAL RIGHTS AFTER THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS: EUROPEAN DIMENSION
Authors: Kovtun V. I. , Kovtun M. S.
Published: May 2018

The article emphasizes the existence of the concept of "social Europe" as a social dimension of European integration. Modern understanding of social rights as a foundation for the formation and functioning of a social state has been justified. The influence of the global financial and economic crisis on the reform of the constitutional texts of European states has been studied out. The influence of the budget pact (as an independent constitutional way of overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy) on the mechanisms for realizing the social rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen has been established. It is justified that the introduction of the budget balance implies a restriction on public spending, since the only constitutional way out will be to cut costs, if the income does not cover a certain level of expenditure, and the limits of the deficit and debts have already been overcome. This implies the reduction of social programs, therefore - the possibility of violating citizens' constitutional rights to health, education, social security, etc.
СТРАТЕГІЧНІ НАПРЯМИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЖИТЛОВОГО ФОНДУ ЯК ЗАПОРУКА ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Matviichuk N. M. , Cherchyk L. M. , Kolenda N. V. , Shulska N. M.
Published: May 2018

В статті обгрунтовано необхідність розроблення комплексної довгострокової стратегії модернізації застарілого та енергоємного житлового фонду України з метою забезпечення його енергоефективності та підвищення енергетичної безпеки держави. Запропонована стратегія включає: формування інституційного середовища через створення ефективних правових інструментів та відповідної інфраструктури ринку, джерела та механізми фінансування заходів з енергозбереження та енергоефективності, інструменти стимулювання власників та співвласників будівель до залучення в програми енергоефективності, напрями реформування житлових субсидій з метою підвищення їх стимулюючої стосовно енергоефективності ролі, створення сприятливого інвестиційного клімату для інвестування в енергоефективність, стимулювання ринку енергетичного сервісу та впровадження нових прогресивних енергозберігаючих технологій.
REVISITING THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM “INVESTMENT” AND ITS UNIFICATION IN UKRIAINIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Matselyukh I. A.
Published: May 2018

The article analyzes the scientific approaches to the definition of "investment", which are reflected in the foreign and domestic economic and legal literature. Four scientific schools have been identified: Western European, American, Russian and Domestic, each of which has demonstrated its own approaches to addressing the identified scientific issues.The legislative definition of the category is determined, which fixed in the domestic normative legal acts. It was stated that there is no single approach to the essence and content of the concept of "investment". Regulatory legal acts of different legal force provide different interpretations of the definition, while other legislative acts generally avoid, do not provide an appropriate interpretation. Such a state of regulatory provision not only generates discussions among scientists, but also does not create favorable conditions for the practical sphere of investment activity.Based on the analysis of the norms of domestic and international law, taking into account the achievements of the economic and legal scientific heritage, the author's concept of "investment" as an investment in objects of entrepreneurial and / or other economic activity as property and / or property rights is proposed for the purpose of obtaining income (profit, interest ), not excluding, however, the possibility of achieving an additional socially significant beneficial effect.The necessity of unification of the concept of "investment" in the domestic normative–legal acts and bringing it in line with the norms of the European legislation is emphasized. The process of improving the legislation about investment activity should be based on scientific achievements, that was emphasized. It is concluded that the unification of the concept of "investment" will avoid arbitrary, voluntarist interpretation of it and clearly identify those areas of improvement in which the latest Ukrainian investment legislation should move.
PREDICTION OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS, USING METAHEURISTIC MODELS
Authors: Ahmadreza Ghasemi Ahmadreza , Seyghalib Mohsen , Moradi Maryam
Published: May 2018

Investors need to assess and analyze the financial statement, to make the logical decision. Using financial ratios is one of the most common methods. The main purpose of this research is to predict the financial crisis, using ratios of liquidity. Four models, Support vector machine, neural network back propagation, Decision trees and Adaptive Neuro–Fuzzy Inference System has been compared.Furthermore, the ratios of liquidity considered in a period of 89_93. The research method is qualitative and quantitative and type of casual comparative. The result indicates that the accuracy of the neural network, Decision tree, and Adaptive Neuro–Fuzzy Inference System showed that there is a significant differently 0/000 and 0/005 years this is more than support vector machine result. Therefore the result of support vector machine showed that there is a significant differently 0/001 in years. This has been shown that neural network in 2 years before the bankruptcy has the ability to predict a right thing. Therefore, the results have been shown that all four models were statistically significant. Consequently, there are no significant differences. All models have the precision to predict the financial crisis.
FEATURES TAX REFORM AND MECHANISM OF HIDING TAXES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Karlin M.I. , Tsymbaliuk I.O. , Prots N.V.
Published: May 2018

In the article has done first attempt to find out the essence, components and implications of the mechanism of hidden taxes and to investigate their impact on the socio-economic situation in the country. The main changes in the tax system of Ukraine that have occurred as a result of tax reforms have been highlighted. The main motive for raising the level of minimum wage in 2017 is not to increase the welfare of the population, but to increase revenues to the budget due to hidden taxes. As a result, the transformation of budget expenditures into taxes is taking place, as the tax base on income increases. The following methods of tax concealment are singled out: combining taxes under common names; expansion of the tax base, list of objects of taxation (property tax); increase in tax rates and increase of tax rates linked to the minimum wage; the introduction of a double taxation mechanism (excise tax on retail sales); transfer of tax payments to non-tax categories; transferring the tax burden from the rich to the middle stratum; the transformation of a single tax, when the increase of the tax forces entrepreneurs to reduce production costs (introduction of the latest technologies, rational use of resources), thereby reducing the damage they could receive as a result of the increase in the price of products by the amount of tax and, consequently, the reduction of sales; repeated tax transfer to the final consumer, when the final payer becomes the final consumer (in most cases this is achieved through indirect taxes).
FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Semenova V. G.
Published: May 2018

Among all resources of the enterprise, intellectual resources are able to ensure a creative, innovative approach to the solution of actual issues of enterprise’s operation. The formation and active use of intellectual capital of the enterprise becomes a guarantee of increasing its competitiveness and efficiency of activities both in the context of solving current problems and in the strategic perspective. The purpose of the research is to analyze the financial support of  the development of intellectual capital at domestic enterprises.Analysis of data about the training of skilled workers in Ukraine indicates a tendency towards a decrease in the total number of educational institutions in recent years and the number of trained qualified staff. This affects both the quantitative composition of employees at domestic enterprises and their qualitative characteristics, and it prevents the processes of formation of intellectual capital.The main obstacles to the formation of intellectual capital are the lack of proper financing of these processes both at the state level and at the level of separate enterprises. There are developed the recommendations on directions of financial support of the processes of formation of intellectual capital: participation of employers in the formation of professionally oriented educational programs and financial support of specialized educational institutions by acquisition the necessary equipment; the purposeful allocation of funds for the payment of training of individual workers in educational institutions; the active participation of enterprises in the practical training of skilled workers and the formation of programs for production practice; providing employees with the opportunity to get an education using “dual education system”; the payment for advanced training courses; the introduction of special rewards for invention and rationalization.
МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ФІНАНСОВОГО СТАНУ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Novikova М. М. , Novikov D. А.
Published: May 2018

В статті запропоновано методичний підхід до оцінювання фінансового стану організації на основі узагальнення часткових фінансових показників для їх подальшого аналізу та визначення динаміки, а також обґрунтування тенденцій фінансового стану організації. Основу методичного підходу складає алгоритм реалізації заходів від формування вихідної фінансової інформації за елементами фінансової системи організації, до розрахунку інтегральних показників, їхнього аналізу, розробки критеріїв оцінювання, виявлення та обґрунтування проблем щодо покращення фінансового стану організацій. Використання запропонованого методичного підходу дає можливість на етапі стандартизації часткових фінансових показників визначити їх рівень в сукупності аналогічних показників і оцінити його в порівнянні з еталонними значеннями. Результати реалізації методичного підходу дають можливість приймати обґрунтовані управлінські рішення на основі оцінки фінансового стану організації як результату її діяльності.
ФІСКАЛЬНІ МОДИФІКАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Prokopenko N. S. , Gudz O. Ye. , Tymoshenko A. O.
Published: May 2018

В статті доведено, що при вступі України в Європейську Спільноту  підлягає модифікації і її фіскальна політика. Аргументовано, що   децентралізація,  являється одним із елементів євроінтеграції. Визначено, що  одним із досягнень сучасного етапу її реформи є створення об’єднаних територіальних громад.  Результати аналізу в процесі дослідження свідчать, що завдяки децентралізації з’явилися можливості у місцевих територіальних громад нарощувати доходи місцевих бюджетів. Обґрунтовано, що використання регресійних  моделей з метою прогнозування фіскальних модифікацій   слід удосконалювати шляхом врахування динаміки ключових показників. Поряд з цим, зазначено, оскільки процес реформування та створення об’єднаних територіальних громад на сьогоднішній день перебуває на початковому етапі, то, на думку автора, саме такі моделі можуть стати орієнтиром в прогнозуванні та плануванні подальших процесів децентралізації та її впливу на фінансову самостійність місцевих бюджетів.
THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Shkodina I. V. , Timoshenkov I. V. , Nashchekina O. N.
Published: May 2018

Based on our analysis of trends and threats associated with the use of financial technology, we conclude that its implementation increases the complexity of the institutional structure of the financial system. Certain institutional factors earlier regarded by scholars as anomalies that had either none or an insignificant effect on the development of the financial system are now emerging.  These factors are becoming increasingly fundamental, and are in fact transforming the financial system. As the result, the established functional relations fail, while new institutions and new interdependences emerge, which leads to certain unforeseen destabilizing consequences.The spontaneity of the process of systemic transformation determines human behavior, that is why it is not always possible to clearly anticipate the outcomes of such transformation.Financial innovations are more difficult to regulate because there are no formal rules established for most of them, and they themselves are so novel that they fall outside the control of regulatory authorities. We believe that in order to prevent potentially adverse effects, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation between government agencies and financial technology companies for the purpose of developing formal rules and procedures for ensuring the reliability and the security of the financial sector. It is important to work towards increasing the degree of trust and to establish a culture of innovation which would help the participants of financial markets adapt to the rapidly changing financial environment.
МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Pasinovych I I , Sych O. A.
Published: May 2018

У статті обґрунтовано необхідність зміни концептуальних підходів до регулюючого впливу держави, викладено сучасні підходи до ролі держави в управлінні економікою, зроблено спробу окреслити раціональні межі її втручання в ринковий механізм, окреслено основні методи регулювання економічних процесів. Вказано на недоліки існуючих прийомів регулювання економікою в Україні. Доповнено існуючі функції державного регулювання економіки з урахуванням сучасних системних глобальних викликів.
GLOBAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM: RISKS AND FORECASTS
Authors: Khaustova V. Ye. , Demchenko N. V. , Kovalchuk V. G. , Volkova M. V.
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of the series of successively occurring crisis phenomena in the global financial system, the identification of imbalances and financial risks of development at the present stage. The article is dedicated to the evolution of the overall structure of the international financial sector, discusses the role of the euro area financial sector in financing non–financial corporations and analyses interconnectedness across different parts of the financial sector in order to assess possible structural risks to financial stability in the euro area and in the world. definition of existing risks and imbalances in the development of the global financial and economic sphere, as well as the possible directions of their minimization. The purpose of the article is to  definition of existing risks and imbalances in the development of the global financial and economic sphere, as well as the possible directions of their minimization.
Folha de Rosto
Authors: Scalabrin Admin Caren
Published: May 2018

Folha de Rosto
Continuity Index Measures in the Acute Care Hospital Setting: An Analytic Review and Tests Using Electronic Health Record Data and Computer Simulation
Authors: Yao Yingwei , Ahn Hyochol , Stifter Janet , Wilkie Diana J. , Keenan Gail
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

Multiple continuity indexes are available; however, their properties are insufficiently understood for examining the influence of nurse staffing patterns on patient outcomes. We conceptually and analytically examined continuity measures to reveal their properties and relationships with each other and identify potential limitations.

Methods:

We examined behavior of continuity indexes as applied to clinical practice data that were collected with the HANDS (Hands-On Automated Nursing Data System) and data from computer simulation.

Results:

Studied continuity measures exhibited very different statistical characteristics. Most importantly, many continuity measures contain a length-of-stay dependent term that is uncorrelated with continuity.

Conclusion:

Findings provide a deep understanding of the conceptual foundations and properties of various continuity measures. Using findings, researchers can select proper measures and better interpret analysis outcomes.
A Systematic Review of Studies Using the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale
Authors: Belza Basia , Miyawaki Christina E. , Liu Minhui , Aree-Ue Suparb , Fessel Melissa , Minott Kenya R. , Zhang Xi
Published: May 2018

Purpose:

To review how the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF) has been used and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods:

We conducted a database search using “multidimensional assessment of fatigue” or “MAF” as key terms from 1993 to 2015, and located 102 studies.

Results:

Eighty-three were empirical studies and 19 were reviews/evaluations. Research was conducted in 17 countries; 32 diseases were represented. Nine language versions of the MAF were used. The mean of the Global Fatigue Index ranged from 10.9 to 49.4. The MAF was reported to be easy-to-use, had strong reliability and validity, and was used in populations who spoke languages other than English.

Conclusion:

The MAF is an acceptable assessment tool to measure fatigue and intervention effectiveness in various languages, diseases, and settings across the world.
Instrument for Assessing Knowledge of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy: Construction and Validation
Authors: Garcia Fernanda Souza e Silva , Cunha Débora Cristina Prévide Teixeira da , Manzato Rafaela de Oliveira , Bolela Fabiana , Barbetta Pedro Alberto , Dantas Rosana Spadoti
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose: A valid and reliable assessment tool is fundamental for evaluating the knowledge of individuals about using oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT). The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to assess knowledge about OAT and provide evidence to support its use in people living in developing countries. Methods: Construction and validation: development of items; assessment of face and content validity; pilot study; application of the instrument to a sample of 500 users of OAT to analyze dimensionality, convergent validation, and reliability. Results: Analysis of dimensionality suggested a unidimensional instrument. Direct correlation between knowledge of OAT and educational level was confirmed (r = .61, p < .001) (validity of construct). Reliability measured by KR-20 was 0.86. Conclusions: The new instrument was shown to be valid and reliable for assessing knowledge of OAT in the population studied.
Combatting Compassion Fatigue With Mindfulness
Authors: Maley MaryKay
Published: May 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this project was to implement an evidence-based, mindfulness therapeutic intervention, to help reduce compassion fatigue and to improve faculty attrition rates in an urban school setting.

Method:

Implementation of the mindfulness intervention included an educational didactic workshop, basic exercises in mindfulness, a take-home manual, and the development of a mindfulness web portal to promote sustainability of the project. Outcomes were measured using Stamm’s Professional Quality of Life Scale V (ProQOL-V Scale), in addition to a descriptive analysis of demographics and a postprogram satisfaction survey.

Findings:

Scores obtained from the ProQOL-V Scale confirmed the presence of compassion fatigue. Posttesting showed program satisfaction with a high interest in implementing mindfulness activities. Self-repor ted improvements were noted in mood/emotion following the workshop, and attrition rate decreased by 10%.

Conclusion:

It appears that mindfulness training is a feasible intervention to implement with individuals experiencing the effects of stress and compassion fatigue. More research is needed to extend these preliminary findings into the realm of nursing both clinically and academically.
Management of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in the Outpatient Setting: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Smith-East Marie , Powers Leigh , Vossos Helene
Published: May 2018

Antipsychotic medications are the basis for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Despite symptom improvement with antipsychotic medications for these patients, nonadherence to medications persists which may lead to symptom reoccurrence, decreased quality of life, and increased rates of rehospitalization. The aim of this quality improvement project was to determine, through a retrospective analysis, factors impacting treatment adherence in an outpatient setting in Central Florida for patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder enrolled in a patient assistance program to identify gaps in care/services in order to improve quality care. Data were collected using convenience sampling from an electronic health record at an outpatient clinic. Logistic regression was used to identify any possible correlations between personal and social factors related to treatment adherence. Lack of life skills coaching, insurance, utilization of decanoate medications, and side effects decreased the likelihood of stability at the last visit. Significant odds of instability at the last visit was 27% higher for clients with a substance abuse history. While medication nonadherence remains a challenge in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, several components of care appeared to positively influence treatment outcomes. Quality improvement recommendations based on identified gaps were made to improve medication nonadherence in practice.
The Impact of Zika Virus Education on Selection of Birth Control Methods Among Cuban Refugees Resettling in Louisville, Kentucky in 2016
Authors: Balcom Dawn , Carrico Ruth , Goss Linda , Mutsch Karen , Bosson Rahel
Published: May 2018

Background:

Cubans represented almost 40% of all refugees resettling in KY during 2015 and 2016. Their route to the United States included extended time in areas recognized as Zika endemic, making them vulnerable to Zika virus (ZV) exposure and infection. Early availability of birth control is one strategy stressed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to delay an unintended pregnancy after ZV exposure and prevent the catastrophic impact on a developing fetus.

Objectives:

The objectives were to determine: (a) awareness of ZV among Cuban refugees, and (b) the impact of education regarding ZV on their initial birth control decisions.

Methods:

During May–November 2016, 167 Cuban men and women aged 19–50 were seen by advanced practice nurses (APNs) in the University of Louisville Global Health Center (UL GHC). During the visit, awareness regarding ZV, current planned birth control method(s), and education about ZV was imparted using information developed by the CDC and provided by clinic personnel competent in delivery of culturally, socially, and linguistically appropriate messaging. Anticipated methods of birth control were then reassessed.

Results:

Condom use was the most prevalent contraceptive method used before and after ZV education (29% and 58% respectively, p < .001). The influence of education regarding ZV and ZV infection on selection of birth control methods (condom use) was significant (p < .001).

Conclusions:

Findings indicate education provided by APNs regarding ZV influence birth control selection among Cuban refugees.
Banque Centrale Et Politique Budgetaire : Une Évidence Empirique Pour La Zone CEMAC
Authors: Dessy-Karl Tadadjeu Wemba , François Kamajou , Gilbert Noula Armand
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this article is to analyze how the degree of independence of the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) influences the level of budget deficit for the countries of the Economic and Monetary Community of Africa Centrale (CEMAC) over the period 1994-2016. To do this, we rely on the statutory and rotational indicators of central bank governors developed by the literature, as well as on the econometrics of panel data. The results of the estimates indicate a mixed relationship between degree of independence and level of budget deficit. This result can be interpreted as an absence of constraint on fiscal policy, or as the partial assumption of cyclical stabilization by the central bank even when it is independent. It can also be interpreted as an absence of obligation for the budgetary policy to take charge of the cyclical adjustment. These results nevertheless confirm that the average orientation of fiscal policy is determined more by the budget procedure itself than by the statutes and the government of BEAC.
Evaluating Course Syllabus: Basis for Reframing into a Learner-Centered Syllabus for Outcome-Based Nursing Education
Authors: Albaqawi Hamdan , Alshammari Farhan , Pasay-an Eddieson , Alyami Mansour , Villareal Sandro , Dizon Eliezer
Published: May 2018

The shift from customary content-based pedagogical to learnercentered practice is imperative in the 21st century. This research aims to evaluate the course syllabus developed by the faculty members and if the syllabus meets the criteria for the learner-centered syllabus. The study employed a quantitative –comparative design to properly represent the phenomenon. The study was conducted at the selected universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Overall, the respondents of the study consist of 100 faculty members and the 50 students from the participating universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The researchers adapted the learning-focused syllabus instrument to gather the data. Results show that the faculty members rated the learning goals and objectives to moderate (1.58), while students rated it low (1.42). Likewise, the learning assessment revealed a moderate result (1.76) for faculty members and low (1.38) for the students; the learning activities have moderate (1.69) result for the faculty and low (1.36) for the students. As regards scheduling, faculty members and students reported moderate results having a 2.06 and 2.09 respectively. The classroom environment revealed moderate results both the faculty members (1.62) and the students (1.52). Statistically, there is no significant difference on the category of syllabi when faculty respondents were grouped according to years of teaching (0.699.05). The findings show that the course syllabus evaluated is in a transitional phase towards learner-centered. As such, the progress of the syllabus is potential to meet the criteria for an outcomebased nursing education. However, the varying results as reported suggest reconciliation of the views of the faculty members and the students.
The Relationship Between Macroeconomic Factors and Mortgage Market Growth in Kenya
Authors: Owuor Natalie Diana , Githii Wainaina , Mwangi Mirie
Published: May 2018

The mortgage market is the market for financing real estate assets. Mortgage financing is vital in financing the property market. This study seeks to determine the relationship between selected macro factors and mortgage market growth in Kenya. The study is based on the arbitrage pricing theory, capital assets pricing theory, title theory and lien theory of mortgages. The study utilizes descriptive research design and quarterly secondary data for a period of 10 years from 2007 to 2016. Analysis of data is carried out through descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Inferential statistics such as linear correlations and multiple linear regressions are used to draw conclusions and make predictions on the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The research establishes that there is a positive and significant relationship between interest rates, inflation and the mortgage market growth. The research also finds that there is insignificant relationship between exchange rates, gross domestic product and the mortgage market growth. The research concludes that the mortgage market growth in Kenya is influenced by interest rates and inflation. The research recommends that the central bank of Kenya should ensure that interest rates are stable and inflation levels are low to ensure that they do not affect the mortgage market growth.
Políticas locales de empleo en cuatro municipios del Valle de Aburrá, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez García Rubén Darío , Agudelo Ayala Sonia Alexandra
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the transcendence of work policies in Colombia. Aiming to accomplish this objective, a review is made of the reasons suggested for the design and evaluation of active policies to generate employment in local governments, based on the endogenous development approach. In order to illustrate the importance of these new actions in the jobmarket, the experience of four municipalities from the Aburrá Valley in Antioquia is used to evidence a higher interest by local authorities in playing a more active role in solving the issue of unemployment, despite the lack of a proper framework to ensure highly effective actions in matters related to employment.
Incidencia de la remuneración al capital en el ciclo económico colombiano durante el periodo 1980-2005
Authors: Chamorro Futinico Julio César , González Bejarano David Alejandro
Published: May 2018

The business cycle was one of the most important issues in the economic agendafrom the late 19th Century to the mid 20th Century. The importance of the studylay in the priority of finding the causes and duration of economic crisis, and tobe able to determine or predict how often they would happen. Currently, and with the recent financial crisis in the United States (2008) and in Colombia(1998-2009), among others, this study has gained importance once more. Thispaper presents a number of points of view on the matter and focuses on an approach that has been given very little consideration: Michal Kalecki’s theory,which provides a basis for analyzing the Colombian business cycle from 1980to 2005, and thus compare the model estimated through the Three-Stage LeastSquares (3SLS) method with the behavior of the remuneration to capital during the same period. Based on this, a close relation is found between the latter, the decision to invest and, therefore, the declining phase of the business cycle.
Una aproximación hedónica al efecto de las preferencias por segregación en el precio del suelo urbano en Bogotá
Authors: Santana Viloria Leonardo , Núñez Camargo Liliana
Published: May 2018

The value of urban land is determined according to location and environment variables, as its price increases at the same rate that access to major roads, tradecenters and urban services increases. However, the pursuit of distinction, expressed as a preference for socio-economic segregation, is another variable that has an impact on this value. This paper aims to prove that this preference is a significant variable in determining the value of residential urban land, using the distance to the socioeconomic levels as a proxy variable of the preference for segregation, and estimating a hedonic model by using spatial econometric tools. It is found that there is indeed a significant connection between the value per square meter of urban land and the distance of a home to the different socioeconomic levels. The farther it is from levels 1, 2 and 3, and the closer it is to levels 4, 5 and 6, the higher the value per square meter of ground.
La desigualdad no es un destino del mercado, es una elección de política
Authors: García Aldana Humberto
Published: May 2018

Latin America is a region characterized by inequalities of all kinds. They are seen as a by product of the development process and, in this sense, it would be expected for development to be self-correcting at an advanced stage. By using the tools of the new institutional economics, this paper suggests that the distributive results of a society are not the consequences of the market, which will eventually self-regulate. The institutional structure that determines the kindof equality enjoyed by a society is the choice of those with the political power to do so. They do it consciously, by calculating the consequences of their actions.The conditions for certain types of economic and political institutions are analyzed, which provides a clearer idea of the non-randomness nature of the current economic inequality. The explanation provided in this article supports the thesis that the choices made by individuals within the powerful political elite have created the current state of distributive problems.
El sistema nacional de planeación: de la utopía a la cooptación
Authors: Puentes González Germán , González Camilo Ignacio
Published: May 2018

Para analizar este tema se pretende responder: ¿es el Sistema Nacional de Planeación un escenario cuya finalidad es promover y fortalecer las democracias participativas, la participación ciudadana y facilitar la gobernanza democrática o, por el contrario, sigue siendo una utopía como cuando se incluyó en la Constitución de 1991? Se plantea que en sus primeros años de vida, este Sistema dio pistas de poder ser un mecanismo eficaz para dinamizar las relaciones entre la comunidad y el Estado en lo relacionado con la construcción de políticas públicas y la toma de decisiones para el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de la población; sin embargo, durante el periodo 2002-2010, su rol resultó minimizado, por lo que pasó de un momento inicial de auge y esplendor, a uno de cooptación. Para probar la hipótesis, los autores se apoyan en conceptos como democracia participativa, participación ciudadana, utopía, cooptación y gobernanza democrática. Estos son analizados y controvertidos con las posturas de miembros y exmiembros del Consejo Nacional de Planeación y del Consejo Distrital de Planeación, entrevistados para los efectos de este artículo.
Crecimiento económico departamental y subsidio familiar
Authors: Bernal Garzón Manuel
Published: May 2018

En este documento se presenta un análisis del impacto que han tenido los subsidios otorgados por las cajas de compensación familiar sobre el crecimiento económico. En el análisis se trabaja con información de treinta departamentos para el periodo 1996-2009, utilizando la metodología de datos de panel, y se encuentra que en la medida en que las cajas adelanten más programas de educación, formación, bibliotecas, salud y nutrición, influyen positivamente sobre el crecimiento regional colombiano.
Una aproximación a la relación entre desempeño macroeconómico colombiano y conflicto armado interno
Authors: Vargas Buendía Juan Manuel
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar la relación entre desempeño macroeconómico colombiano y conflicto armado interno. En este sentido, los resultados obtenidos de los indicadores de seguridad y los índices económicos para el periodo 2000-2008, muestran una aproximación a una relación inversa entre estas variables. De esta forma, se genera una evidencia para las explicaciones teóricas sobre la relación entre variables económicas y conflicto.
Aproximación cultural a las políticas públicas: burocracia, descentralización y ciudadanía
Authors: Otálora-Buitrago Adriana , Vivas Cortés Ómar Augusto
Published: May 2018

El artículo plantea desde la aproximación cultural a las políticas públicas un análisis de tres elementos clave que determinan su efectividad: la burocracia, la descentralización como condición en lo local y la ciudadanía en cuanto a la afectación recíproca entre esta y las políticas públicas. Para tal efecto, se presenta una conceptualización de términos como gobernabilidad, gobernanza, gobernancia, en cuanto al establecimiento de relaciones más horizontales en el ejercicio del poder, con una activa participación de la ciudadanía, mediada por la acción burocrática, y de sectorialidad y territorialización de las políticas públicas, en cuanto a la particularidad que del territorio se deriva para estas.
El discurso político del hábitat. Algunas consideraciones
Authors: Cortés Ortiz Brigette Taryn
Published: May 2018

El hábitat se concibe en este artículo como un fenómeno político, y la política se mueve dentro del campo institucional que ha creado. Este documento explora la dimensión lingüística que conecta estos campos, puesto que el concepto de hábitat es un constructo semántico y retórico. Lo que se hace aquí es revisar las teorizaciones que al respecto hacen tres autores: Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu y Teun Van Dijk, y su interconexión, haciendo referencia constante al hábitat como problema discursivo, y dejando claros los cimientos que permitan un análisis del discurso político, con el objetivo de esclarecer una lógica de dominación.
Análisis del proceso de descentralización fiscal: el caso de las finanzas públicas del gobierno central de Cundinamarca
Authors: Bernal Garzón Manuel
Published: May 2018

Este artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de descentralización fiscal en Colombia, a la luz de las finanzas públicas de la administración central del gobierno departamental de Cundinamarca. Se estudia cómo se ha profundizado y perfeccionado el proceso de descentralización mediante unas transferencias automáticas de recursos de la nación a los entes territoriales, de una legislación encaminada a fortalecerlos fiscos locales, y de unos sistemas de créditoy cofinanciación que buscan imprimir cada vez más una mayor disciplina y responsabilidad en el momento de ejecutar el gasto. Se analiza el impacto que ha tenido el proceso de descentralización sobre las finanzas públicas del gobierno central del departamento de Cundinamarca y cómo han evolucionado sus ingresos y gastos.
El efecto colegio en Colombia: tres décadas de estudio
Authors: López Mera Silvio Fernando
Published: May 2018

Using the Icfes tests 1980-2009 —the Colombian equivalent to the American SAT—, this paper estimates the school effect by sector inside a hierarchical analysis. The results suggest the public school effect has always been smaller than the private school effect in these last three decades and that the effect on mathematics’ test is always smaller independently of the sector. Likewise, the evidence suggests that since 2000 the school effect falls in both sectors and in the three tests, indicating the Icfes’s methodological change modified the importance of the own characteristics of the schools on the academic achievement. Finally there is evidence that private schools are better positioned that public schools using a percentile analysis.
Impacto del pago de los aportes parafiscales en la generación de excedentes de las pequeñas empresas de la industria manufacturera del calzado en localidad 15 de Bogotá (2004-2008)
Authors: Hernández Bernal José Armando
Published: May 2018

In this paper we illustrate the financial difficulties that payroll taxes would impose on small shoe manufacturing enterprises in Bogota City 15th district and how this would impose some restrictions for firms profit generation, when such contributions turns out to be a fixed cost. We present a brief on the legal framework as well as an econometric exercise that shows the relations between labor costs and profit generation for the footwear industry in the 15th urban district of Bogotá city.
THE INFLUENCE OF GROUP INVESTIGATION LEARNING MODEL ON COLLEGE STUDENTS LEARNING MOTIVATION TOWARDS ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION
Authors: Kurnianto Fahmi Arif , Ikhsan Fahrudi Ahwan , Nurdin Elan Artono , Apriyanto Bejo , Liou Yuei An
Published: May 2018

This study aims to analyze the influence of group investigation (GI) model on learning motivation of Student Environmental Education. This type of research is quasi experiment with non equivalent control group posttest only design. Research subjects consist of 2 semester students (2 classes) selected based on the value of Middle Semester Exam (UTS) odd semester of academic year 2017-2018 which has the average value is almost the same (homogeneous). The control class uses lecture and discussion models, while the experimental class uses the GI model. The instrument used to measure learning motivation is A Manual for the Use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) developed by Pintrich et al. Further data obtained were analyzed by using Independent Sample T-Test Test with the help of SPSS 16.0 for Windows program. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence of GI model on the motivation to learn the environment of mahMahasiswa. It was based on the analysis results of the Independent Sample T-Test Test that showed the p-level 0.000. The p-level value is less than 0.05 (p <0.05).

Key words: Group Investigation model, motivation to learn Environmental Education Student
COOPERATIVE LEARNING TYPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZED (TAI) BASED ON ABILITY TO BEGINNING OF STUDENTS IN IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING IN CLASS VII SEKAMPUNG JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL , LAMPUNG
Authors: Nurdin Elan Artono , Ikhsan Fahrudi Ahwan , Kurnianto Fahmi Arif , Apriyanto Bejo
Published: May 2018

Purpose of this study was to test a model of cooperative team assisted individualizd (TAI) in terms of the initial capabilities junior high school students. The subjects were students of class VII SMP Negeri Sekampung Lampung Province. This study is a quasi-experimental study(quasi-experimental)design Non-Equivalent Control GroupDesign.Learning achievement assessment instruments using essay test. The result of such assessment data is analyzed usingt-test with SPSS16.0 for Windows.The results showed no significant difference model of cooperative team assisted individualizd (TAI) and conventional models in terms of the ability of junior high school students beginning in the implementation of learning strategies IPS. Based on the difference between pretest and post-test showed that the average value gainscore experimental class (45.63) was higher than in the control group (30.02). The results of analysis of test data using independent sample t test showed that the model of cooperative team assisted individualizd (TAI) obtainedvalue probability(p-level) of less than 0.05 is the sig 0.00.

Keywords: TAI models, Capability Earlier, Student achievement
Como Escrever Notas de Alta e Cartas de Referenciação? Uma Perspetiva Simples mas Efetiva
Authors: Gama Marques João
Published: May 2018

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