bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defect Induced Semiconductor Probes for Ultrasensitive Detection of Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Dharmalingam Priya
Published: February 2024

Metastasis, a secondary tumor, behaves distinctly different from its state-of-origin. Aggressive metastasis comprises a diverse heterogeneous population; demonstrates varying molecular mechanisms. Hence, critical to investigate the heterogeneity of a metastatic cancer cell at a single-cell level. So far, available detection methods depend on bulk tumor samples lose the heterogeneity inherited in metastatic cancers, making them incapable of detection. Consequently, there exists no technique to detect metastatic cancers. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a label-free bioanalytical technique, can obtain the spectral fingerprints of biomolecules from cells. However, conventional SERS focuses on plasmonic metal structures depending on hot spots requires an expensive methodology and difficult procedures that result in low reproducibility and stability. As a new alternative, semiconductors recently evolved with good stability, reproducibility, and biocompatibility for SERS applications. However, limited due to low detection and enhancement efficiency. This thesis introduced a new phenomenon of defect-induced functionalization in semiconductor materials to transform non-SERS materials to SERS active quantum/nano-sized probes. The unique functionalization activates the probes by tuning the concentration of surface and subsurface defects for ultrasensitive molecule detection. Different types of defects such as oxygen vacancy, interstitial defects, and dopants impart plasmonic resonance in semiconductor probes in addition to the charge-transfer mechanism. Thus, we first explored a collective behavior of intrinsic defects in probes as a sensing platform for molecular-level detection. Incorporating defects gives semiconductors other distinct properties such as multiple wavelength activity, non-degradable SERS activity, and detection of low-cross section cancer biomolecules. In addition, surface defects impart anionic property, increase biocompatible nature for safe adherence and penetration, permitting intracellular readout of biomarker signals. The diagnostic transformation signals accurately pointed to metastatic cancer and differentiated them from other cancer and normal cells. This study then focused on the primary cause of the development of metastatic cancer called cancer stem cells. Very scarce in number, we then focused on developing the sensing platform to capture these populations and magnify the trace cues present. This study presents underlying key targets that lead to the development of most cancer-related deaths and enhances the chance to increase the cancer prognosis improving clinical outcomes.
Research and the Field of Child and Youth Care: An Invitation
Authors: Gharabaghi Kiaras
Published: February 2024

In an inviting and conversational style, author Kiaras Gharabaghi offers a concise guide introducing foundational research methods for the study and practice of child and youth care, aiming to awaken a lifelong interest in how research can inform, improve, and evoke critical reflection on what child and youth care is, and can be, about. Presenting research as a relational tool, the text builds basic practical research skills, such as how to conduct interviews and focus groups, how to construct research questions and surveys, and how to select research designs to best serve each project.

This essential volume highlights research as an important element of child and youth care practice, explores different qualitative and quantitative research designs, and examines how they are implemented, including various aspects of recruiting research subjects, the collection and analysis of data, and the limitations of research. Written from an explicitly anti-racist perspective, the text includes a chapter dedicated to Afrocentric and Indigenous research approaches and draws all its examples from the field of child and youth care.

The rich in-text pedagogical features include a glossary of key terms and two appendices that detail an ethics protocol and describe a small research project from start to finish. Students of child and youth care, social work, and youth work/development programs are bound to appreciate this engaging and highly readable text.
Aplikasi Pengarsipan Sampel, Surat Masuk Dan Surat Keluar Pada Uptd Laboratorium Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palangka Raya Berbasis Microsoft Access
Authors: Majid Ahmad Fajrul , Rosmiati Rosmiati , Kusuma Ali , Andayani Agusti Indi
Published: February 2024

UPTD Laboratorium Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palangka Raya adalah sebuah unit pelaksana teknis yang bertanggung jawab atas pengujian, pemantauan, dan pemeliharaan kualitas lingkungan. Pada kegiatan pengarsipan sampel, surat masuk dan surat keluar di instansi ini masih dengan cara manual yaitu menggunakan buku agenda yang ditulis tangan. Kegiatan pengarispan seperti ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan seperti, kesalahan dalam penulisan, kehilangan data dan kesulitan dalam pencarian data. Maka dari itu untuk menimalisir kelemahan pada sistem pengarsipan yang telah ada dibuatlah aplikasi pengarsipan sampel, surat masuk dan surat keluar berbasis Microsoft Access. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengembangan aplikasi ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4-D yang terdiri dari 4 tahap pengembangan yaitu; Define (pendefinisian), Design (perancangan), Develop (pengembangan) dan Disseminate (penyebaran). Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan pengguna didapatkan informasi bahwa aplikasi ini dapat mempermudah pengguna dalam melakukakan pengarsipan sampel, surat masuk dan surat keluar serta dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang timbul dalam pengarsipan secara manual.
Analisis Faktor Pemilihan Tempat Persalinan di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Tangkiling
Authors: Setyaningsih Eni , Hatini Erina Eka , Natalina Riny
Published: February 2024

Selain masa kehamilan, komplikasi dan kematian Ibu maternal dan bayi baru lahir sebagian besar terjadi pada masa persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktot-faktor yang berhubugan dengan pemilihan tempat persalinan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Hasil penelitian ada hubungan antara riwayat antenatal care (p=0,026), pendapatan (p=0,004) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,000). Tidak ada hubungan antara umur (p=0,004), pendidikan (p=0,344), status bekerja (p=0,524), paritas (p=0,531) dan jarak (p=0,688). Dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan motivasi pada masyarakat untuk lebih memahami pentingnya persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) pada Pasangan Usia Subur di Indonesia: Literature Review
Authors: Mujahadatuljannah Mujahadatuljannah , Indriani Indriani , Rabiatunnisa Rabiatunnisa
Published: February 2024

Pada negara-negara berkembang tingginya angka kematian ibu dan kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global. Hal ini terutama dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya penggunaan kontrasepsi pada masyarakat. Berdasarkan data di atas setiap tahun masih banyak peserta KB yang memilih metode kontrasepsi jangka pendek dibandingkan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP). Hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti usia wanita, lama menikah, pendidikan, paritas (jumlah anak), budaya, agama, dan factor perbedaan jenis kelamin. Tujuan tinjauan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) pada pasangan usia subur (PUS) di Indonesia.  Metode penelitian ini merupakan publikasi jurnal dengan ringkasan literatur, pencarian artikel menggunakan studi banding database komputerisasi (Google Scholar dan PubMed). Hasil: usia dewasa, pendidikan tinggi, wanita bekerja, jumlah anak yang lebih dari 2 orang, pengetahuan baik, sikap yang mendukung, adanya dukungan/partisipasi suami, pendapatan yang tinggi dan tempat tinggal di perkotaan mempengaruhi pasangan usia subur dalam memilih metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang (MKJP). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang (MKJP) pada pasangan usia subur (PUS) di Indonesia adalah usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, paritas, pengetahuan, sikap, partisipasi suami/dukungan suami, pendapatan/status ekonomi dan tempat tinggal.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Mutu Fisik Tablet Hisap Ekstrak Herba Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) dengan Bahan Pengisi Sukrosa-Manitol
Authors: Mayefis Delladari , Mayori Jessica Tiranda , Nurliasman Nurliyasman
Published: February 2024

Meniran merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang sejak lama sudah dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Penggunaan meniran sebagai obat tradisional saat ini masih dalam bentuk sediaan yang kurang praktis yaitu dengan cara direbus maupun diseduh. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formulasi sediaan tablet hisap ekstrak herba meniran dengan mutu fisik yang baik. Metode: Tablet hisap dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah dengan variasi konsentrasi sukrosa-manitol F1=1:5, F2=1:6, dan F3=1:7 dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi mutu fisik tablet hisap. Hasil: Hasil evaluasi granul ketiga formula memenuhi persyaratan uji kadar air, uji waktu alir, uji sudut diam, dan uji kompresibilitas yang baik. Hasil evaluasi tablet hisap ketiga formula memenuhi persyaratan organoleptis, keseragaman ukuran, keseragaman bobot, kekerasan, dan waktu hancur yang baik. Sedangkan uji kerapuhan F2 dan F3 belum memenuhi persyaratan. Kesimpulan: Tablet hisap ekstrak herba meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) dengan konsentrasi sukrosa-manitol (1:5) memiliki kriteria yang baik sebagai tablet hisap dengan kekerasan tablet 9 kg, kerapuhan 0,44%, dan waktu hancur 28 menit.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Motivasi Mengontrol Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Frisilia Melisa
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 adalah gangguan sekresi insulin ataupun gangguan kerja insulin (resistensi insulin) pada organ target terutama hati dan otot. Tingkat motivasi yang rendah akan berdampak terhadap komplikasi pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Maka dari itu diperlukan pendidikan kesehatan untuk meningkatkan motivasi penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dalam mengontrol kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap motivasi mengontrol kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di UPT Puskesmas Kayon Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pra-Eksperimental dengan pendekatan one-group pra-post test dan menggunakan teknik sampling yaitu Purposive Sampling serta menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Dari hasil penelitian p yang didapat sebesar 0,00, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap motivasi mengontrol kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2.
Faktor Budaya dengan Perawatan Ibu pada Masa Kehamilan: Scoping Review
Authors: Rabiatunnisa Rabiatunnisa , Indriani Indriani , Mujahadatuljannah Mujahadatuljannah
Published: February 2024

Kematian ibu didefinisikan sebagai kematian seorang perempuan selama kehamilan, persalinan dan masa nifas yang disebabkan oleh berbagai penyakit atau komplikasi yang terjadi selama periode tersebut. Di Indonesia Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) pada tahun 2021 cenderung meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya. Berdasarkan data dari Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2021, ditemukan AKI pada tahun sebanyak 7.389 kasus, sedangkan pada tahun 2020 ditemukan sebanyak 4.627 kasus. Kondisi kesehatan ibu selama hamil sampai dengan bersalin berkaitan erat dengan unsur kebudayaan masyarakat setempat. Jika ditinjau dari berbagai wilayah, keanekaragaman budaya yang berbeda memiliki kebiasaan terhadap proses kehamilan, persalinan, kelahiran bayi sampai dengan masa nifas. Menurut hasil penelitian, faktor budaya berdampak pada hasil dari kehamilan bahkan kematian ibu. Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk menyimpulkan literature yang berhubungan dengan faktor budaya yang mempengaruhi perawatan ibu pada masa kehamilan. Dalam scoping review ini penulis melakukan identifikasi studi literatur dengan membuat framework sebagai dasar untuk menentukkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pencarian dibatasi hanya pada artikel berbahasa Inggris dan diterbitkan 10 tahun terakhir. Studi yang terindentifikasi ditinjau menggunakan PRISMA Flow Diagram. Studi dengan desain kuantitatif dan kualitatif terkait faktor budaya dengan perawatan ibu pada masa kehamilan kemudian dipilih untuk direview. Dari 10 artikel yang direview didapatkan berbagai faktor budaya yang mempengaruhi perawatan ibu pada masa kehamilan. Pengaruh tersebut meliputi pantangan makanan, kurangnya pengetahuan, kunjungan antenatal care terhambat, dan kurang dukungan dari pasangan.
Minimalisasi Anggaran Penyediaan Obat dengan Metode ABC-VEN di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo
Authors: Fatimah Agus Anizha NUrul , Astari Chitra , Hurria Hurria
Published: February 2024

Salah satu aspek krusial dalam proses manajemen persediaan obat ialah tahap evaluasi perencanaan obat. Kombinasi metode ABC-VEN merupakan salah satu metode evaluasi rencana kebutuhan obat yang sangat efektif karena dapat menentukan prioritas perencanaan obat berdasarkan segi biaya dan terapi. Namun, belum semua instalasi farmasi rumah sakit (IFRS) menerapkan metode ini, salah satunya IFRSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi perencanaan obat dengan metode analisis ABC-VEN di IFRSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar pengumpul data penggunaan obat periode September-November 2022 serta pedoman wawancara. Dari total 626 item obat yang digunakan dalam periode September-November 2022, 19.33%, 72.84%, dan 7.93% item obat masuk dalam kategori I, II, dan III yang menghabiskan biaya masing-masing sebesar 77.91%, 21.79%, dan 0.30% dari total keseluruhan biaya. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa dengan penerapan metode analisis ABC-VEN, anggaran pengadaan persediaan obat dapat dihemat melalui pengurangan jumlah atau mengganti obat dengan jenis dan khasiat yang sama dengan cara berfokus pada pemasok yang menawarkan harga yang lebih murah.
Karakteristik Ibu Rumah Tangga Tentang Alat Kontrasepsi dalam Rahim di RT 05/ RW 002 Kelurahan Petuk Katimpun Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Stefanicia Stefanicia , Hertati Dessy , Agustina Dea
Published: February 2024

Latar Belakang: Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) merupakan alat kontrasepsi yang terbuat dari plastik atau tembaga yang fleksibel, mempunyai lilitan tembaga atau juga mengandung hormon dimasukkan ke dalam rahim melalui vagina. Masalah yang ditemukan di masyarakat adalah kurangnya cakupan pengguna AKDR dibanding alat kontrasepsi lain yang di sebabkan karena ibu rumah tangga kurang mengetahui tentang alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim; Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik ibu rumah tangga tentang alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim; Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan data primer, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 65 responden, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner, data yang telah terkumpul dianalisa; Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis dan pembahasan didapatkan hasil bahwa karakteristik ibu rumah tangga tentang alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim dari 65 responden kategori kurang 42 responden (65%), kategori cukup 23 responden (35%) dan tidak ditemukan ibu rumah tangga yang memiliki karakteristik baik tentang alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim. Kesimpulan: Karakteristik ibu rumah tangga tentang AKDR secara umum masih kurang untuk mencegah timbulnya masalah dan resiko kesehatan pada ibu rumah tangga.
Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Kurma (Phoenix Dactylifera) dan Ekstrak Belimbing Wuluh (Averhoa Blimbi L.) Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Darah (HB) Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rasau Jaya
Authors: Dahliansyah Dahliansyah , Ginting Martinus , Hariyadi Didik
Published: February 2024

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan serius yang memerlukan perhatian khusus karena dapat meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu serta dapat mempengaruhi pregnancy outcome. Penyebab utama anemia yaitu kekurangan zat besi yang disertai dengan zat gizi lainnya seperti asam folat, vitamin B12 dan vitamin A. Masalah anemia di indonesia tahun 2013 sebesar 37,1%, dan meningkat menjadi 48,9% tahun 2018. Upaya yang diberikan sudah banyak, salah satunya dengan suplementasi tablet besi (Fe) kepada ibu hamil sebanyak 90 tablet selama kehamila. Namun angka anemia masih tetap tinggi, sehingga perlu diberikan alternatif dalam pencegahannya, salah satunya dengan memberikan sari kurma dan ekstrak belimbing wuluh yang akan dibuat menjadi formula, diberikan kepada ibu hamil untuk dikonsumsi. Kurma (Phoenix Dactylifera), memliki kelebihan  mengandung karbohidrat tinggi dapat membantu meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin. Sedangkan belimbing wuluh (Averhoa Blimbi L), yang dilengkapi dengan Vitamin C, kalsium, fosfor, zat besi, kalsium dan kalium dapat dikombinasikan dengan sari kurma, untuk memepercepat penyerapan zat besi. Tujuan  penelitian mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Sari Kurma dan Ekstrak Belimbing Wuluh Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Darah (Hb) dan Kalium Ibu Hamil di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rasau Jaya. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Quasi-Eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang berada di wilayah Puskesmas rasau Jaya. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitia ini adalah ibu hamil terpilih, dihitung menggunakan rumus Lameshow didapat sebanyak 30 sampel. Analisis statistik yang akan dilakukan meliputi analisis univariabel, bivariabel dengan paired t tes. Hasil penelitian didapat diperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,39 dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0,000. Rata-rata nilai kadar hemoglobin darah pada sampel mengalami peningkatan sesudah diberikan sari kurma dan ekstrak belimbing wuluh. Kesimpulan. Ada pengaruh peningkatan kadar hemoglobin darah ibu hamil dengan pemberian sari kurma dan ekstrak belimbing wuluh.
Characterization and the Effect of Different Parameters on Photocatalytic Activity of Montmorillonite/TiO2 Nanocomposite under UVC Irradiation
Authors: Dao Tam Thi Bang , Ha Loan Thi Thu , Le Nhien Hon , Nguyen Do Trung , Nguyen Truong Huu , Ha-Thuc Chi-Nhan
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to modify montmorillonite (MMT) with titanium dioxide (TiO2) by wet stirring method combined with ultrasonic to form MMT/TiO2 nanocomposite and used as a photocatalyst in the removal of organic dye rhodamine B (RhB). The characteristics of the synthesized samples were analyzed by methods such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The degradation of RhB was carried out for 210 min under UVC irradiation, and the decolorization efficiency of RhB was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that the TiO2 anatase nanoparticles are randomly distributed on the surface or the space between the MMT sheets to form a house-of-card structure. After 210 min of exposure under a UVC light source, the decolorization efficiency reached 91.5% for the solution with pH = 6.8, photocatalyst content 0.1 g/L, initial concentration RhB 10 mg/L, and UVC power 15 W. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) identified the degradation intermediates that MMT/TiO2 successfully cleaved the chromophore structure and formed more minor broken-ring by-products. The influence of operating parameters on RhB removal efficiency, including solution pH, photocatalyst content, initial dye concentration, inorganic, and organic scavengers, was studied. In addition, the kinetic modeling study shows that the RhB photodegradation reaction is consistent with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order kinetic model.
Investigating the Effect of GNP Addition on Self-healing of ECC through Mechanical and Nondestructive Testing
Authors: Göçügenci Aysu , Keskin Süleyman Bahadır
Published: February 2024

Inclusion of nanomaterials is an effective method for enhancing the mechanical and durability characteristics of cement-based materials. Among various graphene-based nanomaterials, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are cost-effective nanoparticles that possess graphene's key properties. Since limited information is available regarding their influence on the fresh, mechanical, non-destructive, and self-healing behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), this research focuses on GNP inclusion on these properties of ECC in a comprehensive way. In this research, the changes in material properties of ECC were monitored with several mechanical and nondestructive test methods. According to the results, GNP inclusion significantly enhanced flexural behavior and also promoted self-healing of ECC, with preloaded specimens exhibiting substantial or complete crack closure and similar performance to virgin specimens. Non-destructive tests and microstructural analyses also confirmed the promoting effects of GNP. A noticeable increase was observed in compressive strength when GNP was included. In conclusion, this study provides compelling evidence about the positive impact of GNP inclusion on improving the properties of ECC. The findings demonstrate the potential of GNPs to enhance the performance of cementitious materials and offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications.
Temuan Endapan Paleotsunami di Pulau Ternate: Bersiap untuk Selamat
Authors: Cara Yudhi , Syahrir Lukman
Published: February 2024

Pulau Ternate adalah pulau gunung api di atas Laut Maluku. Secara geologi, pulau ini terbentuk sebagai konsekuensi dari pertemuan lempeng Eurasia, Filipina, dan Pasifik. Masyarakat di pulau ini sangat paham tentang bencana gunung api, namun mereka belum pernah mendengar bahwa tsunami pernah melanda sebagian pulau ini. Suatu penyelidikan menemukan adanya endapan paleotsunami yang tertutupi oleh produk letusan gunung api. Hal ini menunjukkan, bahwapulau ini pernah terlanda tsunami di masa lalu. Terdapat sekitar lima unit endapan paleotsunami pada singkapan di bagian barat Pulau Ternate. Setiap lapisan menunjukkan karakter tsunami yang berbeda, baik kekuatannya maupun waktu kejadiannya. Endapan paleotsunami tertua memiliki ketebalan 5,5 cm, terdiri dari beberapa sekuen pengendapan yang mengindikasikan gelombang tsunami yang datang lebih dari satu kali. Sedangkan endapan paleotsunami yang lebih muda hanya memiliki satu sekuen pengendapan yang menandakan hanya ada satu gelombang tsunami yang datang ke lokasi tersebut. Berdasarkan tempat ditemukannya, yakni di bawah produk Gunung api Gamalama yang diketahui terjadi pada tahun 1907, memberikan informasi bahwa umur endapan tsunami tersebut lebih tua dari tahun 1907, yang menurut katalog tsunami, bisa saja terjadi pada tahun 1846, 1854, 1857, 1858, 1859 atau 1889. Tulisan ini ingin memberikan pemahaman tentang tsunami yang terjadi sebelum usia masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah tersebut. Sehingga mereka bisa mempersiapkan diri sedini mungkin untuk meminimalisir resiko dampak yang bisa terjadi dan selamat jika tsunami datang di kemudian hari.
Katakunci: Endapan tsunami, paleotsunami, produk letusan gunung api, Ternate.
Development and Validation of the Cell-based Functional Method for Neutralizing Anti-adalimumab Antibodies Detection in Human Serum
Authors: Nikiforova M. A. , Valouev I. A. , Petrov A. V. , Beketov E. E. , Shokhin I. E.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Adalimumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody, is a tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) inactivator that is used against a number of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and other most common inflammatory arthropathies (ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis). Despite the proven efficacy of adalimumab treatment, there is a risk of adverse events, tied up with the formation of anti-drug antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. Currently, the evaluation and characterization of neutralizing antibodies has become an important part of clinical trials in the development of new drugs and biosimilars.

Aim. The aim of this study is to develop and validate the cell-based functional method for neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies determination in human serum.

Materials and methods. For determination of neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies, the cell line L-929 has been employed. L-929 is a cell line sensitive to the TNFα-mediated apoptosis; the neutralizing antibodies interact with adalimumab that leads to TNFα-mediated cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was measured using resazurin, an aromatic compound that is a redox indicator.

Results and discussion. The developed method was validated for cut point, selectivity, sensitivity, precision, specificity and stability (short- and long-term). An important part of a method development for determining neutralizing antibodies is the selection of concentrations of TNFα (4 ng/ml) and adalimumab (250 ng/ml), as well as determining the minimum required dilution – this parameter is established as 1 : 20. Cut point was chosen as a «floating» cut point, and a correction factor (normalization factor) was determined equal to 0,86. The sensitivity of the developed method was estimated at 108,9 ng/ml of neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies.

Conclusion. The obtained results can be applied for determining anti-adalimumab neutralizing antibodies in the assessment of the adalimumab immunogenicity, including clinical trials.
The Use of Social Media Augmented Reality for Engaging Parents and Educating Children About Road Safety
Authors: Zamani Naser
Published: February 2024

Children are vulnerable road users. While many Australian parents are social media users and augmented reality effects are a huge trend in social media, there has been little research attention on the use of social media augmented reality for educating children in road safety. In this research, seven gamified social media augmented reality learning experiences were created about six road safety subjects to engage parents and educate children aged 5-9 years in the Australian Capital Territory region, Australia. The current research aimed to investigate the results of Facebook’s augmented reality educational interventions (advertisement campaigns) and analyse the perspectives of the parents who tried the learning experiences with their children. The results of Meta’s ads manager and Spark AR Hub analytics were used to evaluate the success of Facebook augmented reality advertisements. A questionnaire was developed to gather the perspectives of parents. Ten parents completed the questionnaire and were then interviewed to discuss their responses in more depth. Augmented reality Facebook advertisements reached 200,351 people and received 719,296 impressions and 3,218 clicks. All interviewees recommended the use of augmented reality gamified learning experiences to educate children about road safety. This study provides insights into how to use social media augmented reality to engage parents and educate children.
Family life in postdivorce families
Authors:   , Fang Christian
Published: February 2024

Traditionally, families in Western societies were considered to comprise two married different-sex parents and their children, who all resided in the same household. This so-called nuclear family did family life together: nuclear family members went on vacation and celebrated birthdays and each other’s achievements together. Naturally, this nuclear family was a cohesive unit (i.e., the family is a tight-knit unit). The substantial increase in the rates of divorce and repartnering since the 1960s have challenged the dominance of the nuclear family. Postdivorce families usually do not live under one roof: they are spread out over several households. This implies that postdivorce families are configured differently than nuclear families and most likely do not function like them. This dissertation uses large-scale quantitative and qualitative data to explore how family life in postdivorce families is organized, and the role that postdivorce family diversity (e.g., in terms of children’s residence arrangements or the type of parental repartnering) plays for postdivorce family life.
Membranous Nephropathy and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: An Uncommon Combination: Case Report
Authors: Bhuwania Puneet , Mule Aniket , Checker Sanggita
Published: February 2024

It is imperative to evaluate for secondary causes of membranous glomerulonephritis, from infections such as hepatitis B and C, viruses and parasites, autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, and other neoplasms. Tuberculosis associated with membranous glomerulonephritis is rare. The authors report a case of microbiologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis and membranous nephropathy occurring concurrently in the same patient. Antitubercular therapy alone was sufficient to cause improvement in the patient. Tuberculosis should be recognised as a potentially treatable infectious cause of secondary membranous nephropathy.
A culpa é de quem? a queda da metáfora paterna vista pelo cinema
Authors: De Oliveira Adriano Messias
Published: February 2024

O cinema e a psicanálise dialogam desde sempre: ambos trabalham com o imaginário, a fantasia e o oní­rico, transbordando – tanto em forma quanto em conteúdo – questões significativas que estão na ordem do dia do pensamento. Pode-se dizer ainda mais: que a chamada clí­nica da cultura, campo de interesse da semiótica psicanalí­tica, tem nas imagens fí­lmicas um amplo objeto de estudo. Os sintomas do mundo em que vivemos estão, por conseguinte, também na grande tela: desde o neorrealismo italiano até os mais recentes blockbusters, por exemplo, pode-se traçar uma panorâmica que assinala a queda do Nome-do-Pai, importante conceito lacaniano, o que nos serve de subsí­dio para pensarmos a violência, o terrorismo e a fragmentação da famí­lia em nosso tempo. Além disso, é possí­vel igualmente vislumbrar, para além do enfraquecimento da metáfora paterna, novas configurações da Lei que se fazem em um perí­odo de intensa crise ontopolí­tica. Neste escopo complexo, parto de dois filmes, A Culpa dos Pais (I bambini ci guardano, Vittorio De Sica, 1944) e Preciosa (Precious, Lee Daniels, 2009), representativos do que enuncio aqui. Ambos, separados um do outro em 55 anos e colocados em extremos cronológicos – o primeiro, na Segunda Guerra; o segundo, na primeira década do século XXI – permitem reflexões sobre a permanência do mal-estar na cultura e a decadência da estrutura familiar tradicional.
THE BODY IS A HOUSE: APPROACHING PROPRIOCEPTION
Authors: Morgan Kate Tarlow
Published: February 2024

Text by KATE TARLOW MORGAN ©2011, 2015, 2018. First printed in Currents Journal of the Body-Mind Centering Association, Winter 2011 & presented in excerpt at the BMCA Conference at Ghent,Belgium, 2015. This was kindly given from the Journal Committee of BMCA to this O Mosaico Edition.We consider this a first step towards a co-partnership between the Dance Course of UNESPAR, inCuritiba mediated by the Teacher Marila Vellozo and the BMCA. Members of the Editorial Board ofCurrents: Dana Davison, Martha Hart Eddy, Pat Ethridge, Amélie Gaulier, Wendy Sager-Evanson andKate Tarlow Morgan.(Tradução de Marila Vellozo - Texto da autora KATE TARLOW MORGAN ©2011, 2015, 2018.Primeiro impresso no Currents Journal da Associação de Body-Mind Centering (BMCA), Inverno 2011& com um excerto apresentado na Conferência da BMCA em Ghent, na Belgica, em 2015. Este textofoi gentilmente cedido pelo Comitê Editorial da BMCA para esta edição da Revista O Mosaico. Estefoi um primeiro passo para estabelecer uma co-parceria entre o Curso de Dança da UNESPAR, emCuritiba, mediado pela Professora Marila Vellozo e a BMCA. Os atuais membros do Comitê Editorialdo Currents Journal são: Dana Davison, Martha Hart Eddy, Pat Ethridge, Amélie Gaulier, WendySager-Evanson e Kate Tarlow Morgan.)
UM PANORAMA DO UNIVERSO CYBERPUNK, O ANIME E O CIBORGUE
Authors: Lima Yasmin dos Reis
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apontar caracterí­sticas presentes no subgênero cyberpunk, sua relação com a cultura nipônica e a visão crí­tica que pode ser identificada a partir do estudo do ciborgue. Tais narrativas apontam diversos aspectos do mundo tecnológico que muito dialogam com nosso cotidiano, principalmente nos animes, devido ao intenso desenvolvimento tecnológico pelo qual o Japão passou. A peculiaridade das animações japonesas chama a atenção do mundo todo, o texto apresenta também uma breve análise em busca do entendimento da especificidade dessa cultura e sua fama de inovadora e criativa. Explora-se o termo ciborgue baseado nas ideias de Donna Haraway, que acredita na potência do humano em seu hí­brido com as máquinas, potência presente em diversas personagens do cyberpunk.
Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota
Authors: Cai Tianqi , Song Xinhua , Xu Xiaoxue , Dong Ling , Liang Shufei , Xin Meiling , Huang Yuhong , Zhu Linghui , Li Tianxing , Wang Xueke , Fang Yini , Xu Zhengbao , Wang Chao , Wang Meng , Li Jingda , Zheng Yanfei , Sun Wenlong , Li Lingru
Published: February 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of MAFLD, there are no officially approved drugs for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safe and effective anti-MAFLD drugs. Recently, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MAFLD has been widely recognized, and treating MAFLD by regulating the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic strategy. Natural products, especially plant natural products, have attracted much attention in the treatment of MAFLD due to their multiple targets and pathways and few side effects. Moreover, the structure and function of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exposure to plant natural products. However, the effects of plant natural products on MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Based on the above information and to address the potential therapeutic role of plant natural products in MAFLD, we systematically summarize the effects and mechanisms of action of plant natural products in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota. This narrative review provides feasible ideas for further exploration of safer and more effective natural drugs for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD.
A trustworthy AI reality-check: the lack of transparency of artificial intelligence products in healthcare
Authors: Fehr Jana , Citro Brian , Malpani Rohit , Lippert Christoph , Madai Vince I.
Published: February 2024

Trustworthy medical AI requires transparency about the development and testing of underlying algorithms to identify biases and communicate potential risks of harm. Abundant guidance exists on how to achieve transparency for medical AI products, but it is unclear whether publicly available information adequately informs about their risks. To assess this, we retrieved public documentation on the 14 available CE-certified AI-based radiology products of the II b risk category in the EU from vendor websites, scientific publications, and the European EUDAMED database. Using a self-designed survey, we reported on their development, validation, ethical considerations, and deployment caveats, according to trustworthy AI guidelines. We scored each question with either 0, 0.5, or 1, to rate if the required information was “unavailable”, “partially available,” or “fully available.” The transparency of each product was calculated relative to all 55 questions. Transparency scores ranged from 6.4% to 60.9%, with a median of 29.1%. Major transparency gaps included missing documentation on training data, ethical considerations, and limitations for deployment. Ethical aspects like consent, safety monitoring, and GDPR-compliance were rarely documented. Furthermore, deployment caveats for different demographics and medical settings were scarce. In conclusion, public documentation of authorized medical AI products in Europe lacks sufficient public transparency to inform about safety and risks. We call on lawmakers and regulators to establish legally mandated requirements for public and substantive transparency to fulfill the promise of trustworthy AI for health.
Temporal dynamics of volatile fatty acids profile, methane production, and prokaryotic community in an in vitro rumen fermentation system fed with maize silage
Authors: Dhakal Rajan , Neves André Luis Alves , Sapkota Rumakanta , Khanal Prabhat , Ellegaard-Jensen Lea , Winding Anne , Hansen Hanne Helene
Published: February 2024

Anaerobic in vitro fermentation is widely used to simulate rumen kinetics and study the microbiome and metabolite profiling in a controlled lab environment. However, a better understanding of the interplay between the temporal dynamics of fermentation kinetics, metabolic profiles, and microbial composition in in vitro rumen fermentation batch systems is required. To fill that knowledge gap, we conducted three in vitro rumen fermentations with maize silage as the substrate, monitoring total gas production (TGP), dry matter degradability (dDM), and methane (CH4) concentration at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h in each fermentation. At each time point, we collected rumen fluid samples for microbiome analysis and volatile fatty acid (VFA) analysis. Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (V4 region) was used to profile the prokaryotic community structure in the rumen during the fermentation process. As the fermentation time increased, dDM, TGP, VFA concentrations, CH4 concentration, and yield (mL CH4 per g DM at standard temperature and pressure (STP)) significantly increased. For the dependent variables, CH4 concentration and yield, as well as the independent variables TGP and dDM, polynomial equations were fitted. These equations explained over 85% of the data variability (R2 > 0.85) and suggest that TGP and dDM can be used as predictors to estimate CH4 production in rumen fermentation systems. Microbiome analysis revealed a dominance of Bacteroidota, Cyanobacteria, Desulfobacterota, Euryarchaeota, Fibrobacterota, Firmicutes, Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetota, and Verrucomicrobiota. Significant temporal variations in Bacteroidota, Campylobacterota, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetota were detected. Estimates of alpha diversity based on species richness and the Shannon index showed no variation between fermentation time points. This study demonstrated that the in vitro fermentation characteristics of a given feed type (e.g., maize silage) can be predicted from a few parameters (CH4 concentration and yield, tVFA, acetic acid, and propionic acid) without running the actual in vitro trial if the rumen fluid is collected from similar donor cows. Although the dynamics of the rumen prokaryotes changed remarkably over time and in accordance with the fermentation kinetics, more time points between 0 and 24 h are required to provide more details about the microbial temporal dynamics at the onset of the fermentation.
High prevalence of pre-treatment and acquired HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among non-citizens living with HIV in Botswana
Authors: Mokgethi Patrick T. , Choga Wonderful T. , Maruapula Dorcas , Moraka Natasha O. , Seatla Kaelo K. , Bareng Ontlametse T. , Ditshwanelo Doreen D. , Mulenga Graceful , Mohammed Terence , Kaumba Pearl M. , Chihungwa Moses , Marukutira Tafireyi , Moyo Sikhulile , Koofhethile Catherine K. , Dickinson Diana , Mpoloka Sununguko W. , Gaseitsiwe Simani
Published: February 2024

Background

Approximately 30,000 non-citizens are living with HIV in Botswana, all of whom as of 2020 are eligible to receive free antiretroviral treatment (ART) within the country. We assessed the prevalence of HIV-1 mutational profiles [pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) and acquired drug resistance (ADR)] among treatment-experienced (TE) and treatment-naïve (TN) non-citizens living with HIV in Botswana.

Methods

A total of 152 non-citizens living with HIV were enrolled from a migrant HIV clinic at Independence Surgery, a private practice in Botswana from 2019–2021. Viral RNA isolated from plasma samples were genotyped for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) using Sanger sequencing. Major known HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in the pol region were determined using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. The proportions of HIV DRMs amongst TE and TN non-citizens were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and compared between the two groups.

Results

A total of 60/152 (39.5%) participants had a detectable viral load (VL) >40 copies/mL and these were included in the subsequent analyses. The median age at enrollment was 43 years (Q1, Q3: 38–48). Among individuals with VL > 40 copies/mL, 60% (36/60) were treatment-experienced with 53% (19/36) of them on Atripla. Genotyping had a 62% (37/60) success rate – 24 were TE, and 13 were TN. A total of 29 participants (78.4, 95% CI: 0.12–0.35) had major HIV DRMs, including at least one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) associated DRM. In TE individuals, ADR to any antiretroviral drug was 83.3% (20/24), while for PDR was 69.2% (9/13). The most frequent DRMs were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) M184V (62.1%, 18/29), NNRTIs V106M (41.4%, 12/29), and K103N (34.4%, 10/29). No integrase strand transfer inhibitor-associated DRMs were reported.

Conclusion

We report high rates of PDR and ADR in ART-experienced and ART-naïve non-citizens, respectively, in Botswana. Given the uncertainty of time of HIV acquisition and treatment adherence levels in this population, routine HIV-1C VL monitoring coupled with HIVDR genotyping is crucial for long-term ART success.
Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on metabolic health of DBA mice
Authors: Ye Wenxin , Fan Jinghui , Wu Wenzi , Chen Zhuo , Huang Qixin , Qian Lichun
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Numerous studies have demonstrated that C57BL/6 mice exhibit superior growth rates and overall growth performance compared to DBA mice. To investigate whether this discrepancy in growth performance is linked to the composition of gut microorganisms, we conducted fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) experiments.

Methods

Specifically, we transplanted fecal fluids from adult C57BL/6 mice, high-fat C57BL/6 mice, and Wistar rats into weaned DBA mice (0.2mL/d), and subsequently analyzed their gut contents and gene expression through 16S rRNA sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. During the test period, C57BL/6 mice and Wistar rats were provided with a normal diet, and high-fat C57BL/6 mice were provided with a high-fat diet.

Results

The results of our study revealed that mice receiving FMT from all three donor groups exhibited significantly higher daily weight gain and serum triglyceride (TG) levels compared to mice of CK group. 16S rRNA sequensing unveiled substantial differences in the abundance and function of the gut microbiota between the FMT groups and the CK group. Transcriptome analysis revealed a total of 988 differential genes, consisting of 759 up-regulated genes and 187 down-regulated genes, between the three experimental groups and the CK group. Functional Gene Ontology (GO) annotation suggested that these genes were primarily linked to lipid metabolism, coagulation, and immunity. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the differential genes and clusters, and it revealed significant correlations, mainly related to processes such as fatty acid metabolism, fat digestion and absorption, and cholesterol metabolism.

Discussion

In summary, FMT from dominant strains improved the growth performance of DBA mice, including body weight gain, institutional growth, and immune performance. This change may be due to the increase of probiotic content in the intestinal tract by FMT and subsequent alteration of intestinal gene expression. However, the effects of cross-species fecal transplantation on the intestinal flora and gene expression of recipient mice were not significant.
Case report: Concurrent low-volume subdural hematoma and ipsilateral ischemic stroke presenting as capsular warning syndrome: a complex case with anticoagulation dilemma and dual pathology
Authors: Strahnen Daniel , Stathi Angeliki , Beck Jürgen , Roelz Roland , Vasilikos Ioannis
Published: February 2024

Background

The simultaneous emergence of low-volume subdural hematoma and ipsilateral ischemic stroke in an atrial fibrillation patient who is under anticoagulation therapy is a rare and intricate clinical case. This report accentuates the diagnostic and treatment complexities associated with these consecutive neurological conditions.

Case presentation

An 83 years-old male patient initially presented with acute dyspnea, raising the suspicion of pulmonary embolism. After exclusion of pulmonary embolism through CT angiography, the patient experienced a sudden onset of left-sided hemiparesis without prior history of head trauma but with chronic intake of apixaban due to atrial fibrillation. Subsequent cranial CT tomography revealed a small right parietal subdural hematoma. After reversal of the anticoagulation therapy, surgical evacuation of the subdural hematoma was successfully performed. However, in the postoperative period, the patient developed new neurological symptoms that could not be explained by the reduced size of the subdural hematoma on a follow-up CT scan. Cranial MRI revealed the coexistence of acute ischemic stroke in the right corona radiata. The recent surgical procedure precluded guideline-recommended stroke treatment.

Discussion

This case underscores the complexities of diagnosing and treating concomitant small volume subdural hematoma and ischemic stroke, especially if the latter occurs in the corona radiata resulting in fluctuating symptoms known as “capsular warning syndrome.” Reversal and secondary discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy for surgical intervention highlight the inherent risk of thrombotic events in anticoagulated patients. The development of tailored treatment strategies requires a multidisciplinary approach, and further research and guidelines are required in similar complex scenarios.

Conclusion

The presence of both a small subdural hematoma and an ipsilateral ischemic stroke presenting as capsular warning syndrome in an anticoagulated patient highlights the intricacy of their care. This case calls for a comprehensive and collaborative strategy to address complicated clinical scenarios.