bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Physiological Effects of 1% Chloroprocaine in Subarachnoid Block: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Kumari Poonam , Chourasia Priyanka , Hyanki Divya
Published: May 2024

Background:

The use of subarachnoid block (SAB), a regional anesthesia technique, has increased with the rise of outpatient surgeries. 1% chloroprocaine, a rapid-onset local anesthetic, is commonly used due to its safety profile and suitability for day care surgeries. However, its specific physiological effects compared to other agents are not well understood. The aim of our study was to compare the physiological effects of 1% chloroprocaine and 0.5% (H) bupivacaine in SAB.

Methodology:

This randomized controlled study included 80 patients, regardless of gender, of age group 18–60 years, scheduled for elective infraumbilical surgeries. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A received 0.5% bupivacaine (10.5 mg), and Group B received chloroprocaine (40 mg). Key cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. The onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade were also assessed.

Results:

Hyperbaric bupivacaine administration resulted in a significant decrease in heart rate during the intraoperative period compared to chloroprocaine. However, there was no significant difference in heart rate between the two groups in the postoperative phase. The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in patients receiving bupivacaine during both the intraoperative and postoperative periods. SpO2 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. In terms of sensory block, 1% chloroprocaine showed a significantly faster onset, shorter time to readiness for surgery, and quicker regression to the S2 dermatome compared to bupivacaine. Patients receiving bupivacaine experienced a delayed onset, prolonged duration of motor block, and extended recovery time compared to those receiving 1% chloroprocaine.

Conclusion:

One percent chloroprocaine in SAB maintains cardiovascular function more effectively. It has a minimal impact on SpO2 and offers a rapid onset and shorter duration of sensory and motor blocks without transient neurologic symptoms. Therefore, 1% chloroprocaine is a safe and effective choice for patients undergoing SAB in outpatient surgeries.
Role of Smoking and its Impact on Periodontium
Authors: Sawhney Anshul , Ralli Megha , Dhar Shishir , Gupta Bharat , Ghodke Snehal Sunil , Purao Shamika
Published: May 2024

Smoking is a major risk factor for increasing the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction. Multiple cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have demonstrated that pocket depth, attachment loss, and alveolar bone loss are more prevalent and severe in patients who smoke as compared with nonsmokers. Smoking exerts a major effect on the protective elements of the immune response, resulting in an increase in the extent and severity of periodontal destruction. Several tobacco intervention approaches can be useful in helping the patient deal with the nicotine withdrawal symptoms and psychological factors associated with smoking cessation. In addition, pharmacotherapeutic treatments such as nicotine replacement therapy and sustained bupropion administration have proved effective.
Pediatric Regenerative Endodontics
Authors: Hasija Mukesh Kumar , Meena Babita , Wadhwa Deepti , Kumar Dipanshu
Published: May 2024

The vitality of dentin–pulp complex is fundamental to the life of the tooth and is a priority for targeting clinical management strategies. One novel approach to restore tooth structure is based on biology: regenerative endodontic procedure by application of tissue engineering. Regenerative endodontics is an exciting new concept that seeks to apply the advances in tissue engineering to the regeneration of the pulp–dentin complex. The basic logic behind this approach is that patient-specific tissue-derived cell populations can be used to functionally replace integral tooth tissues. The development of such “test tube teeth” requires precise regulation of the regenerative events to achieve proper tooth size and shape, as well as the development of new technologies to facilitate these processes. This article provides a general review of literature and a case report on the concept of revascularisation and its application in endodontics, providing an insight into the new developmental approaches on the horizon.
Comparative Assessment of Obsessive Compulsive Smoking Scale – A Cross-Sectional Study among Private Bus Drivers of Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kumar Krishnaja , Shavi Girish R. , Sanga Ranganath , Shankar S. , Lalithambigai G. , Santhakumari S.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Assessment of tobacco-induced preoccupation and compulsive drive may help us to better diagnose addictive behavior, enhance cessation treatment, and predict smokers at the greatest risk of relapse.

Objective:

This study attempted to make a comparative assessment of the Obsessive Compulsive Smoking Scale (OCSS), which measures compulsive smoking with the Modified Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) Scale.

Methodology:

The cross-sectional study included 250 private bus drivers of Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, who were current smokers. OCSS and Modified FTND Scale were used to collect the data on nicotine dependence. Ordinal regression analysis was used to compare OCSS and FTND scales with smoking dependence predictor variables.

Results:

About 79% of the drivers exhibited high OCSS scores. The OCSS scores were significantly associated with variables such as duration of smoking, the number of cigarettes/bidis consumed, time of consumption of first cigarette, age when first smoked, age of daily smoking, and the number of quit attempts. Ordinal regression analysis revealed a higher statistically significant proportional odds ratio associated with the OCSS scale compared to the FTND scale (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the OCSS scale offers a better measure of nicotine dependence than the Modified FTND scale. Further studies are needed to conclude that the OCSS scale has better advantages over the FTND scale in clinical settings and thus be used as an effective tool in cessation programs.
The Prevalence of Chronic Periodontitis Among the Endangered Toto Tribe of India
Authors: Mukherjee Sudarshana , Banerjee Sohini , Biswas Chhanda , Bandopadhyay P. K.
Published: May 2024

Background:

The endangered Toto tribe of North Bengal is unique in their traditional oral hygiene practices.

Aims & objective:

To evaluate the prevalence of chronic periodontitis in the unique genetically homogenous population and also to assess their oral hygiene status.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on the population with help of two stage approach involving both preformed set of questionaries' and also the intra-oral examination in accordance with standard guidelines.

Results and Observations:

The data were subjected to statistical analysis and significant association was found between loss of attachment, oral habits, OHI-S scores. CPI scores could be positively associated with OHI-S scores.

Discussion and Conclusion:

It was observed that despite of having predominantly fair OHI-S scores, high prevalence of deleterious oral habits and other local factors, prevalence of periodontal disease was low among the population.
A Rare Case of Early-diagnosed Trisomy 13 Syndrome with Typical Semilobar Holoprosencephaly, Cyclopia, and Proboscis: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Tzu-Rong , Kuo Yi-An , Lin Chi-Kang
Published: May 2024

Trisomy 13 syndrome is a lethal chromosomal disorder characterized by severe congenital anomalies. We report a case of trisomy 13 syndrome with semilobar holoprosencephaly, cyclopia, proboscis, omphalocele, and an absent nasal bone, prenatally diagnosed by first-trimester ultrasonography. The diagnosis was confirmed by chromosomal analysis. The pregnancy was eventually terminated at 14 weeks of gestation. The poor prognosis of trisomy 13 syndrome and holoprosencephaly prompts the demand for early prenatal diagnosis. We present this case to introduce some of the typical features of semilobar holoprosencephaly, including an anteriorly fused ventricle with partially fused thalami and absent falx, and to sensitize physicians to similar sonographic findings in the future.
How to Spot a Cloned Journal? Why Its Very Relevant for Us to Know about It Today More than Before?
Authors: Mukhida Sahjid , Das Nikunja Kumar , Kannuri Sriram , Desai Deepali
Published: May 2024

Publication of various clinical studies or trials is very important to researchers, colleges and countries due to various reasons. Medical teachers get promotion on the basis of their teaching experience as well as their research profile and publications. Time to time MCI/NMC issue guidelines for faculty qualification for various post and their future promotions. There was lack of clarity and several temporary indexed journals published articles with higher Article processing charge without any peer review processed. Cloned/predatory journal is harmful not only for students or faculties but also for medical science. Medical science can get harmed by two ways either under reporting data or over reporting/wrong data. To avoid the wrong information and getting real prevalence, cloned/predatory journal should be identified Publication in those journal is always harmful for authors as well as complete society, country and medical world too.
Giant Lipoma of the Breast
Authors: Okoye Odili A. , Obiesie Ahuizechukwu E. , Azubuike Ikechukwu R. , Ihekwoaba Eric C. , Anyanwu Stanley N. C.
Published: May 2024

Despite the high proportion of adipose tissues in the mature female breast, lipomas arising from the female breast are very rare lesions with a very small number being reported in the scientific literature. Giant lipomas measuring greater than 10 cm in diameter or weighing more than 1 kg are even rarer. Lipomas of the breast may mimic other breast lesions such as phyllodes tumor or mammary hyperplasia, and long neglected cases might also have significant skin changes from pressure mimicking malignancy and creating a diagnostic dilemma. Imaging studies are not usually diagnostic. Detailed clinical examination, followed by complete excision of the mass, can be both diagnostic and also serve as a treatment modality. We present a 50-year-old trader with an 8-year history of slowly growing and discomforting right breast mass with unclear preoperative diagnosis resolved at surgery and at histological examination.
Burden of Care and Quality of Life of Caregivers of Persons with Schizophrenia in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Onuorah Chukwuweta C. , Oriji Sunday Onyemaechi , Aina Francis Olatunji , Omoaregba Joyce O.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia experience physical, socio-economic, and mental stress that may end up plummeting their quality of life.

Aims:

The study aimed to assess the relationship between the burden of care and the quality of life in carers of individuals with schizophrenia.

Subjects and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study involving 246 adult participants (outpatients with schizophrenia and their caregivers in ratio 1:1) in a psychiatric hospital. Patients within age 18–65 years, and their caregiver who were older or equal to 18 years were recruited via convenience sampling. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-6), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and demographic questionnaire were used to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia, obtain the details of the severity of psychopathology, and record the demographic data of the patients, respectively. The Zarit Burden Interview and WHO Quality of Life-Bref scale were deployed to obtain information on carers’ care burden and their subjective quality of life, respectively.

Results:

One in five of the caregivers’ experiences moderate-severe burden of care. Caring for unemployed patients (P = 0.03) and patients with severe psychopathology (P = 0.01), older age of caregiver (P = 0.033), and being a parent (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with high burden of care.

Conclusion:

The quality of life of carers of individuals with schizophrenia significantly, negatively correlated with high level of care burden. We recommend that clinicians should endeavor to address some modifiable correlates, such as reducing the patients’ illness severity and liaising with occupational therapists to empower patients with employable job skills.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Related Acute Parkinsonism and Encephalitis
Authors: Agarwal Vikash , Mushahary Dolly , Chander Praveen , Venkatraman K. , Lakshminarayanan K. , Kumar V. Sathish , Nayak S. Dinesh
Published: May 2024

COVID-19 infection can cause neurological manifestations as early and late complications (chronic COVID syndrome). These include headache, dizziness, confusion, acute cerebrovascular problems, ataxia, and seizures. COVID-19-related encephalopathy, encephalitis, and parkinsonism have been reported earlier; however, the possible links and pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear. In this report, we report a series of patients (n = 5) presenting with acute severe neurological syndromes such as parkinsonism, focal status epilepticus, or acute ataxia as a part of long-hauler COVID-19 infection. We categorized the clinico-radiological and electroencephalographic features in our cases to understand the clinical patterns in SARS-CoV-2 related brain cortex involvement. This might help in future for better clinical categorization for these COVID-19-related neurological manifestations.
Knowledge of obstetric danger signs and its determinants among household heads of a rural community in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Gobir Abdulrazaq Abdullahi , Aliyu A. A. , Abubakar A. A. , Nuru S. M. , Nmadu A. G. , Esekhaigbe C. , Joshua I. A. , Adagba K. O. , Omole V. N.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Birth preparedness and complication readiness remains one of the important strategies for reducing maternal mortality. One of its important components is knowledge of obstetric danger signs (KODS). The KODS is as important to men as it is to women, especially in African countries where majority of the household heads are men and are the major decision makers.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine the KODS among the household heads of Nasarawan Buhari, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional community-based descriptive study was conducted among 104 household heads (or their representatives) of Nasarawan Buhari, Giwa Local Government Area Kaduna State, Nigeria, from April 15 to May 10, 2019. Data were collected using pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25 (2017).

Results:

Majority of the respondents were aged between 40 and 49 years, with a mean age of 40 ± 12.6 years. The overall KODS was poor (70.2%). After controlling for confounders, the only determinant of good KODS was the age of respondents. Household heads older than 30 years were more likely to have good KODS than those younger than 30 years (odds ratio 1.04, 1.001–1.07).

Conclusion:

The overall KODS among the respondents was poor, while the age of respondents was a determinant of having good KODS. The Authority of Giwa Local Government Area Council (LGC) of Kaduna State should design and implement a program aimed at educating the household heads in the LGC.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections among patients admitted to intensive care units in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Aminu Aliyu , Daneji Isa Muhammad , Yusuf Mustafa Ahmad , Jalo Rabiu Ibrahim , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Ismail , Yahaya Mohammed , Adamu Abdu Abdullahi , Yaqub Yahaya , Dayyab Farouq Muhammad , Edwin Chinagozi Precious , Garba Sadiq , Gadzama Galadima Bala
Published: May 2024

Background:

Globally, intensive care units (ICUs) are encountering emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and for some pathogens, there are few therapeutic options available.

Objectives:

The study assessed prevalence, susceptibility pattern, and risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections among ICU patients in Kano, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to study 190 patients admitted to the ICUs of two tertiary hospitals in Kano. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolated organisms was determined by disc diffusion technique. Suspected carbapenemase producers were further subjected to the modified Hodge test (MHT) method for confirmation.

Results:

A total of 76 out of the 190 samples yielded clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae as follows: 34 (44.7%) Escherichia coli, 19 (25%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 (3.9%) Proteus mirabilis, 4 (5.3%) Enterobacter aerogenes, 3 (3.9%) Proteus vulgaris, 2 (2.6%) Citrobacter freundii, 2 (2.6%) Klebsiella ozaenae, 2 (2.6%) Klebsiella oxytoca, 2 (2.6%) Salmonella subsp. 3b, 2 (2.6%) Enterobacter agglomerans, 2 (2.6%) Enterobacter cloacae, and 1 (1.3%) Serratia odorifera. Screening the Enterobacteriaceae-positive samples for carbapenem resistance using ertapenem disc (10 μg) showed 8 samples (10.5%) as resistant while MHT gave a carbapenem resistance prevalence of 7.9% (6 out of 76). Based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction; the distributions of genotypes of the carbapenemase producers were as follows: Verona Integron Metallo-beta-lactamase (VIM) genes only (4 [50%]) New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) genes only (2 [25%]), and 1 (12.5%) had Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and VIM gene coexisting. Surgical procedure (P = 0.009) and history of recent admission (P = 0.001) were found to be risk factors for CRE.

Conclusion:

The study provided evidence of the presence of CRE infections among patients admitted to ICUs in the study centers. This underscores the need for effective infection prevention and control measures to avoid the spread of CRE in hospital setting.
Prevalence and psychosocial effects of acne vulgaris among secondary school students
Authors: Okwara Benson Uchechukwu , Ofili Antoinette N. , Effiong Edidiong Felix , Ekhator Uhunoma
Published: May 2024

Background:

Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disease which affects a wide range of ages; however, it occurs more in the adolescent years with its attendant psychosocial effects.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and psychosocial effects of acne vulgaris among secondary school students in Egor Local Government Area, Benin City, South–South Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

Four hundred and ten students (263 females and 147 males) from two secondary schools were enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional study using a simple random sampling technique. A structured open- and close-ended interviewer-administered questionnaire was used and each student was examined and a clinical diagnosis was made by a dermatologist. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Version 20 and P < 0.05 was set for statistical significance.

Results:

The overall prevalence of acne vulgaris was 37.3% with a slightly higher prevalence in females (37.6%) than in males (36.7%). A higher percentage of acne was observed among students in the private school (51.4%) compared to those in public school (32.2%). An increased prevalence (41.2%) was also observed in the higher age group (15–19 years) compared to (35.8%) in the 10–14 years age group. Psychological disorder was found in 170 (41.5%) respondents. The type of school (P < 0.001), class of student (P < 0.014), depression (P < 0.004), anxiety (P < 0.015), worry (P < 0.001), fear (P < 0.001), and anger (P < 0.001) were found to be statistically associated with acne vulgaris. Similarly, the type of school (P < 0.007) and marriage type of parents (P < 0.001) were found to be statistically associated with psychological disorder.

Conclusion:

School health education about this condition is imperative in order to significantly reduce its psychosocial effects.
“Intrabony” palatal pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Adetayo Adekunle Moses , Oladapo Olanike Abosede , Adetayo Modupe Olusola
Published: May 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common neoplasm of the large salivary glands. It derives its name from the architectural pleomorphism seen by light microscopy. It is also known as the mixed tumor salivary type, which describes its pleomorphic appearance as opposed to its dual origin from epithelial and myoepithelial elements. We present a case of an adult who presented with a palatal swelling, which computed tomography (CT) scan showed to be “intrabony” but after considering other planes of the CT scan It was finally considered to be an intrabony extension of the palatal PA. The mass was successfully removed and the residual palatal defect left to granulate. Following 2 years of patient follow-up, there was no recurrence but the presence of a oronasal defect about 1 cm in diameter in the palate.
Prevalence, clinical profile and outcome of children with cardiomyopathy
Authors: Isezuo Khadijat Omeneke , Sani Usman Mohammed , Waziri Usman Muhammad , Garba Bilkisu Ilah , Jibrin Baba , Adamu Asma’u , Jiya Fatima Bello
Published: May 2024

Background:

Cardiomyopathies are myocardial disorders in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal, thereby affecting the ventricular systolic function and/or diastolic function. Comprehensive approach to management warrants recognizing the clinical profile in order to strategize to improve outcomes.

Aim:

To evaluate the types of cardiomyopathies, presentation and outcome among children admitted into a tertiary hospital in Sokoto. Methods. A hospital based prospective study of children aged below 15 years who were seen over an 8.5-year period. A proforma was used to collect the information on their socio-demographics, type of cardiomyopathy, associated presentations and outcome. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.

Results:

71 out of 78,321 children seen that period (0.1%) were diagnosed with CM giving a hospital prevalence of 90.7/100,000. They comprised 40 (56.3%) males and 31 (43.7%) females. Age ranged from 1 month to 15 years (6.2 ± 3.8 years). Dilated CM (DCM) was the commonest in 63 (88.7%), restrictive CM (endomyocardial fibrosis-EMF) in 5 (7.0%) and hypertrophic (HCM) in 3 (4.2%). Forty-six (73%) of DCM had severe systolic dysfunction. DCM also occurred in 2 siblings of 2 patients on follow up. Two of the patients with EMF had recurrent pericardial effusions and all the patients with HCM died in infancy. Thirty (42.2%) of the total patients were lost to follow-up while 27 (38.0%) died.

Conclusion:

Dilated cardiomyopathy followed by restrictive type are the commonest types seen among children in Sokoto. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Effect of health education on knowledge and awareness of sickle cell disease among adolescents
Authors: Ezenwosu Osita U. , Chukwu Barth F. , Ndu Ikenna K. , Uwaezuoke Ndubuisi A. , Ezenwosu Ifeyinwa L. , Udorah Ifechukwu M. , Ikefuna Anthony N. , Emodi Ifeoma J.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Majority of Nigerians are not aware of their personal genotype, and the knowledge about sickle cell disease is quite low. We hypothesize that health education will improve the knowledge and awareness of sickle cell genotype among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on knowledge and awareness of sickle cell genotype among adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

Adolescent students of Federal Government College were recruited, and necessary data on sociodemography, knowledge, and awareness of sickle cell were obtained through a pretested sickle cell knowledge assessment questionnaire. Following health education, the same questionnaire was re-administered to the participants for assessment of any change in knowledge.

Results:

Majority (58.1%) of the respondents heard about sickle cell during lessons in class, while mass media was the next common source (16.5%) of knowledge and awareness. Following health education, there was an improvement in all the specific knowledge questions, especially the prevalence of sickle cell trait in Nigeria (28.1% vs. 75.2%) and the probability of carrier couple having a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) (10.3% vs. 48.2%). There was a statistically significant increase in mean knowledge score (t = −14.203, P < 0.001), as well as a significant increase in high knowledge level (χ2 = 105.13, P < 0.001) after education.

Conclusion:

Health education improved the knowledge and awareness of sickle cell among adolescents in secondary schools, especially the chances of having children with SCA in carrier couples. Inculcating health education on sickle cell in secondary school curriculum will help in informed decision on marriage and birth, ultimately reducing the birth of children with SCA.
О $p$-невырожденных системах уравнений над разрешимыми группами
Authors: Mikheenko Mikhail Alexandrovich
Published: May 2024

Любую группу, обладающую субнормальным рядом, в котором все факторы абелевы и все, за исключением последнего, не имеют $p'$-кручения, можно вложить в группу с субнормальным рядом такой же длины и с такими же свойствами такую, что любая $p$-невырожденная система уравнений над этой группой разрешима в самой этой группе. Это позволяет доказать, что минимальный порядок метабелевой группы, над которой есть унимодулярное уравнение, не разрешимое в метабелевых группах, равен $42$.
Библиография: 14 названий.
О разрешимости краевой задачи для одного класса нелинейных систем дифференциальных уравнений с частными производными высокого порядка
Authors: Kharibegashvili Sergei Sergeevich , Midodashvili Bidzina Grigorievich
Published: May 2024

Для одного класса нелинейных систем уравнений в частных производных высокого порядка в цилиндрической области рассматривается краевая задача, когда на нижнем и верхнем основаниях цилиндра заданы условия типа Коши, а на боковой части границы цилиндра задано условие типа Робена. Краевая задача эквивалентным образом редуцируется к нелинейному функциональному уравнению на некотором подпространстве пространства Соболева. При выполнении некоторых условий, накладываемых на нелинейные члены, получена априорная оценка решения поставленной задачи и доказывается существование решения, а при нарушении этих условий - отсутствие решения. Обсуждается также вопрос о единственности решения.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Isolation and Identification of Microbes Associated with Spoilage of African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum Linn.) Sold in Markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Udinyiwe C. O. , Aghedo E. S.
Published: May 2024

African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum Linn.) belong to the order Ebernale and family Sapotaceae. The study was aimed at isolating and identifying microbes associated with spoilage of Africa Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) commonly sold at Oba, Uselu and Ikpoba Hill markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Standard microbiological and biochemical techniques were used for the analysis. The results showed that viable bacterial counts of the spoilt cherry fruits ranged from 1.8×103 ‑ 7.6×103 cfu/g, 8.8×102 ‑5.4×103 cfu/g and 8.7×102 ‑1.7×103 cfu/g for spoilt cherry obtained from Oba market, Uselu market and Ikpoba Hill market. The fungal counts of spoilt cherry fruits ranged from 3.1×103 ‑ 9.4×103 cfu/g, 1.8×103 ‑6.0×103 cfu/g and 1.3×103 ‑ 2.9×103 cfu/g for spoilt cherry obtained from Oba market, Uselu market and Ikpoba Hill market. The bacterial isolates obtained were Klebsiella spp., Flavobacterium spp., Serratia spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Erwinia spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli. The fungal isolates identified from the spoilt cherry fruits were Saccharomyces spp., Aspergillus niger, Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Aspergillus flavus and Geotrichum spp. Bacillus subtilis had the highest percentage occurrence, while Aspergillus niger was the most occurring fungal isolate. The least occurring bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Erwinia spp., while the least occurring fungal isolates were Geotrichum and Mucor spp. This study showed high level of contamination of cherry fruits by microbes during preharvest and postharvest period.
Plastics Biodegradation: The Situation Now and Its Potential Effects on Environmental Safety
Authors: Igiebor F. A. , Jonathan E. M. , Haruna O. , Alenkhe B. I.
Published: May 2024

Plastics are made of polymers with a high concentration of petrochemical components derived from coal, oil, and natural gas and majority of fossil and bio-based plastics are not biodegradable. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical review of the current situation and potential environmental safety of plastic biodegradation by harvesting data and information from secondary sources. Data obtained show that there are several different kinds of plastics exists, including polypropylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and polystyrene (PS) and that the environment is seriously threatened by the widespread use of plastics, poor waste management, and careless community behaviour about proper disposal. In Nigeria, more than 88% of the plastic garbage produced is not recycled. In the absence of appropriate waste management and litter control techniques, the use of biodegradable plastics for specialised applications is a promising idea. Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 is a brand-new bacterial strain that has been discovered to be capable of breaking down PET. High-density polyethylene was found to be negatively impacted by Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Therefore, a lot of research is being done to create methods for degrading polymers composed of fossil and biological sources as excellent techniques and environmentally acceptable strategies for waste management.
Combined Effects of Elevated Manganese and Zinc Levels on Germination, Chlorophyll Development, Foliar Nitrogen and Carbon Sequestration in Sorghum bicolor seedlings
Authors: Oyedeji S. , Ajayi M. A. , Olawepo G. K. , Agboola O. O. , Olorunmaiye K. S. , Fatoba P. O.
Published: May 2024

Sorghum is a major staple crop in many parts of semi-arid tropics, but soil nutrient deficiencies and pollution are limiting its performance. The study was carried out to determine the combined effects of elevated levels of manganese and zinc in the soil on the germination and performance of Sorghum bicolor seedlings at the early stage of growth. A 9×3 complete block design (CBD) experiment consisting of 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg manganese (Mn) levels each with sub-levels of zinc (Zn) at 0 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg were set-up in three replicates alongside the uncontaminated control. Sorghum bicolor L. Moench were sown in the treatments after two weeks of spiking. The set-up was observed for germination (as from 1 day after sowing - DAS), cchlorophyll index (at 7 DAS and 14 DAS), leaf nitrogen (at 14 DAS), biomass accumulation of seedlings (at 14 DAS). The results showed that germination occurred in all the treatments at 3 DAS and the combined low (10 mg/kg) Mn with low (10 mg/kg) Zn treatment achieved the highest germination rate (100%) while high (100 mg/kg) Mn without Zn had the least (26.67%). High Mn combined with high Zn improved chlorophyll index and leaf N. Contrarily, increasing levels of Mn had no significant impact on biomass accumulation/carbon sequestration. The study concluded that Mn and Zn spiking differently impacted on the performance indices of sorghum. The combined low levels of Mn and Zn improved germination while increasing levels of both metals enhanced chlorophyll and foliar N concentration in sorghum.
Complex ODEs, singularity theory and dynamics
Authors: Reis Helena
Published: May 2024

These notes are a slightly enlarged version of my habilitation thesis, where
our research interest and main results in the past few years are summarized.
Most of the discussion revolves around complex ordinary differential equations
and their underling foliations, singularity theory and dynamical systems.
Compared to the original text, a section containing some background material on
holomorphic foliations was added. Also some new results obtained in the past
three years that are in line with the one presented in the habilitation were
included.
On countable isotypic structures
Authors: Gvozdevsky Pavel
Published: May 2024

We obtain several results concerning the concept of isotypic structures.
Namely we prove that any field of finite transcendence degree over a prime
subfield is defined by types; then we construct isotypic but not isomorphic
structures with countable underlying sets: totally ordered sets, fields, and
groups. This answers an old question by B. Plotkin for groups.
Approximate solution of time-fractional non-linear parabolic equations arising in Mathematical Physics
Authors: Issa K. , Bello R. A. , Sulaiman M. H.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we studied and analysed a new iterative method for solving time-fractional non-linear equations by obtaining approximate solutions to the Allen-Cahn, Newell-Whitehead, and Fisher equations by putting the parameter \alpha = 1 and varying the values of \gamma, \phi, and \tau. These three equations were derived from the general non-linear dynamical wave equations when the constants therein assumed certain specific values. Obviously, from the tabulated results, we observed that the approximate solution for each example compares favourably with the existing results in the literature; therefore, the proposed scheme is effective and accurate in solving Allen-Cahn, Newell-Whitehead, and Fisher equations. All the computational work was done using Mathematica, and all the graphs were plotted using MATLAB.
The Effect of The Implementation of Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) In Maintaining Maritime Environment Safety of Lombok Strait
Authors: Suryadi Awel , Artha Dewi Komang , Bosoz Alexsandros
Published: May 2024

Ships must meet marine pollution prevention requirements according to applicable regulations. The government regulates the separation scheme of ship shipping traffic in the Lombok Strait with the Traffic. Separation Scheme (TSS) system as an effort to improve shipping safety and security and protection of the maritime environment in Indonesian territorial waters. The purpose of this study is to determine the application of the Traffic Separation Scheme system in maintaining the safety of the maritime environment in the Lombok Strait and the effect of the application of the Traffic Separation Scheme system in maintaining the safety of the maritime environment in the Lombok Strait. This study used a comparative descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The result of this study is the implementation of the Traffic Separation Scheme system aimed at facilitating more effective traffic management and prioritizing shipping safety and marine environment protection. All Indonesian-flagged vessels are obliged to implement these rules, foreign-flagged vessels can adjust. The implementation of the TSS system has an impact on maritime development in Indonesia. From the results of testing the research hypothesis, there is a partial positive and significant influence. The implementation of the Traffic Separation Scheme system in the Lombok Strait has helped reduce and manage Traffic.
heritage and construction of the differentiated space of the alt-right
Authors: Rivera Guerrero Ander , Telleria Herrera Imanol
Published: May 2024

This research argues that the alternative right is a new political movement with a membership that is substantially different from the militants that have traditionally occupied the political space of the right or extreme right. The characterization of the alternative right is confusing, since most of its scholars do it under the American parameters. Thus, this work aims to clarify some questions about the political space from which the alternative right is born, observe its characteristics and make sure that these demands are reflected in top-level and current political actors, to conclude that it is a space under construction. , but differentiated from other nearby ideological currents.
Dignidad de los animales (no humanos) en el Antropoceno
Authors: Riquelme Arriagada Alberto
Published: May 2024

La especie humana se ha convertido en una fuerza geológica capaz de impactar de manera irreparable el planeta, dando paso a una nueva era llamada Antropoceno. Uno de los principales afectados de esto han sido los animales no humanos, sin embargo, mientras los primeros gozan de protección de sus derechos fundamentales y de su dignidad, los segundos han sido tratados históricamente como propiedad y se les ha negado el reconocimiento dignatario. Ante el daño generado al planeta y en consecuencia a otras formas de vida, cabe preguntarse ¿podemos hablar de dignidad de los animales en la época actual? Para contestar esto el artículo hace una revisión del concepto de dignidad, para luego debatir con base en la literatura, los elementos que excluirían a los animales de dichas formulaciones. Se sostiene que, dada la etapa geológica que atravesamos no podemos seguir negando que los animales sí tienen una dignidad independiente de cómo conceptualicemos el término. Se concluye que se debe reconocer que existe dignidad en otros seres, ya que no hay una frontera absoluta en las definiciones de dignidad humana
protección de los cables submarinos de telecomunicaciones
Authors: Arjona Hernández Noelia
Published: May 2024

El sabotaje de los gasoductos Nord Stream en octubre de 2022 ha magnificado la vulnerabilidad y la importancia crítica de la infraestructura submarina. También ha puesto de manifiesto la falta de comprensión sobre cómo funcionan las redes submarinas, cómo se regulan, quién las controla y cómo se protegen. El conflicto en Ucrania ha amplificado las tensiones en este contexto en términos de la creciente amenaza de actividad de guerra híbrida/zona gris. Este artículo analizará el contexto y los organismos que intervienen en la gobernanza de los cables submarinos e identificará las lagunas de esta protección, incidiendo en la actuación de actores cable como la Unión Europea y otras iniciativas en el marco de la Ruta de la Seda China.
Rodríguez Rojo, Jesús
Authors: Rodríguez Reintjes Niklas
Published: May 2024

El artículo consiste en una reseña del libro Cuestión de clase. De la crítica de la sociología a la acción política revolucionaria, escrito por Jesús Rodríguez Rojo, profesor e investigador, y publicado por Bellaterra Edicions. La reseña se centra en un análisis de la obra en dos partes, insertas cada una en un largo historial político, teórico y académico. En el primero trata de demostrar, frente a las acepciones más comunes de la clase, que las relaciones clasistas, y por tanto las propias clases, se articulan en base a los vínculos establecidos en y por el modo de producción capitalista. La segunda parte del libro se adentra en el terreno político y plantea cuestiones cruciales sobre la ciudadanía y la acción política de clase, haciendo gala de aquella máxima de que uno de los fundamentos del marxismo es su carácter práxico y su intencionalidad política, como bien señala Andrés Piqueras en el prólogo de la obra.
Trebolle, Julio
Authors: Cruz Díaz José
Published: May 2024

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“La Antorcha” anarquista y su agitación en los pueblos santafesinos: una mirada desde la espacialidad (1925-1929)
Authors: Mangold Florencia
Published: May 2024

A mediados de la década de 1920, la facción antorchista del anarquismo lideró la agitación agraria en algunos pueblos del sudoeste de Santa Fe. Nos proponemos analizar de qué formas el espacio atravesó este proceso, los conflictos y antagonismos que se suscitaron alrededor de él y las estrategias de dicha facción para acercarse a los trabajadores, que abarcaron, entre otras, a las formas de sociabilidad. De esta forma pretendemos realizar un aporte a los estudios centrados en la relación entre clase obrera, conflictividad y espacialidad, entendiendo a esta última desde su carácter de productor de relaciones sociales.
“Democrático y nacional”: los posicionamientos del Partido Comunista de la Argentina en la coyuntura transicional (1981-1983)
Authors: Bona Victoria
Published: May 2024

Este artículo recoge los posicionamientos mediante los cuales el Partido Comunista de la Argentina comenzó a desandar la política de convergencia cívico-militar cuando la última dictadura atravesaba un momento crítico. En estas páginas, se sostiene que, en el marco de la línea de Convenio Nacional Democrático, el PCA pujó por ser reconocido como un actor de peso en el concierto de los partidos políticos burgueses, lo cual orientó su línea política. La propuesta de este trabajo es indagar desde una mirada cupular las modulaciones en el discurso público y explorar las tentativas fallidas de ingresar a la Multipartidaria.
Juan Carlos Yáñez Andrade, Los pobres están invitados a la mesa. La alimentación popular en Chile: 1930 - 1950 (2023)
Authors: Herrera Patricio
Published: May 2024

Reseña de Juan Carlos Yáñez Andrade, Los pobres están invitados a la mesa. La alimentación popular en Chile: 1930-1950, Santiago, RiL editores, 2023, 280 pgs.
Rock Slopes Stability Analysis along the Qaywan-Mokba Road in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Northeastern Iraq
Authors: Hassan Ali , Abood Mohammed
Published: May 2024

The current study includes an evaluation of rock slope stability along the Qaywan Mountain (anticline) main road 20 km north of Sulaimani City, which is considered an important task due to the effect of slope instability on human lives. The stability of rock slopes along road cuttings that connect Sulaimaniyah city to the Sharbazher area a beautiful tourist area. Thus, it is crucial to assess a slope's stability in its current state or when it is being used, as well as the procedure for determining why a collapse occurs. Seven stations (slope locations) were chosen, and kinematic analysis and the slope mass rating system were used to research and analyze the potential level of stability of each, using DIPS v6.008 software and SMRTool –v205. Based on the Kinematic analysis, stations 2, 4, 6, and 7 may experience planar sliding and wedge sliding, stations 1 and 2 may experience flexural toppling, and station 2 may experience direct toppling. Slope mass rating and continuous-slope mass rating using SMR-Tool software showed that the worst condition for flexural toppling at stations 1, 2 and 3 ranges from 44 to 58 for slope mass rating and continuous-slope mass rating, also wedge sliding at stations 2, 4, 6 and 7 ranges from 59 to 69 for slope mass rating, and ranges from 59 to 66 for continuous- slope mass rating, so the rock mass under study falls in class lll of normal slope type, which they are in partially stable condition with failure probability of 0.4, and worst condition for planar sliding at stations 4, and 7 ranges from 12 to 15 for slope mass rating and 16 for continuous- slope mass rating. Hence, the rock mass falls in class V of the very dangerous slope type, which is in a completely unstable condition with failure probability of 0.9. Also, planar sliding at stations 2 and 6 ranges from 26 to 34 for slope mass rating, and ranges from 21 to 29 for continuous- slope mass rating, so the rock mass falls in class lV of danger slope type, which they are in unstable condition with failure probability of 0.6.
Four New Species from the Late Campanian- Early Maastrichtian Ostracods of the Bekhme Formation, Dohuk Area, Northern Iraq
Authors: Aziz Nisreen , Al-Khalaif Saif , Malak Zaid
Published: May 2024

Four new Ostracods species are newly described from the Late Campanian - Early Maastrichtian age in the Bekhme Formation from the Badi section in the Dohuk area. They are Cytherella badiensis sp. Nov, Uroleberis bakhmaensis sp. Nov, Xestoleberis globularis sp. nov and Loxoconcha quadratus sp. nov. The current study identified and classified 16 ostracod species belonging to 12 genera according to the standard systematics of ostracods. These species are very similar in terms of geological age and external appearance to the same species that previously recorded in the Arabian Gulf region and North Africa.
PENTINGNYA KEMITRAAN ORANG TUA DAN GURU
Authors: Hafid Abd , Mujrimin Bayu , Ismawaty Qory
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini menginvestigasi pentingnya kemitraan antara orang tua dan guru sebagai solusi mencegah perilaku kekerasan di lingkungan sekolah. Isu perilaku kekerasan di sekolah memiliki dampak yang merugikan terhadap perkembangan siswa. Dalam upaya mencegahnya, pendekatan kemitraan yang melibatkan orang tua, guru, dan sekolah diungkapkan sebagai strategi yang efektif. Melalui pendekatan ini, pendidikan kesadaran, komunikasi terbuka, pengembangan keterampilan sosial, monitoring dan pengawasan bersama, intervensi dan dukungan holistik, serta model perilaku positif menjadi pilar-pilar utama dalam mencegah perilaku kekerasan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemitraan yang erat antara orang tua dan guru memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk lingkungan belajar yang aman dan mendukung, serta membantu membentuk karakter dan moral siswa. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang bagaimana kemitraan dapat menjadi solusi utama dalam mencegah perilaku kekerasan di sekolah, dengan tujuan menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang positif, berbudaya bagi perkembangan generasi muda.
Analisis Implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Teks Berita di SMP IT Insan Taqwa Lampung
Authors: Handayani Sri , Salamah Salamah , Idawati Idawati
Published: May 2024

Profil Pelajar Pancasila merupakan bentuk penerjemahan tujuan pendidikan nasional. Profil Pelajar Pancasila berperan sebagai referensi utama yang mengarahkan kebijakan-kebijakan pendidikan termasuk menjadi acuan untuk para pendidik dalam membangun karakter serta kompetensi peserta didik. Profil Pelajar Pancasila harus dapat dipahami oleh seluruh pemangku kepentingan karena perannya yang penting. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah kurangnya rasa kolaburasi peserta didik khususnya kelas VII dalam pembelajaran serta tingkat penalaran peserta didik kelas VII yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis implementasi profil pelajar pancasila pada teks berita di kelas VII SMP IT Insan Taqwa Lampung dan untuk mengetahui apa saja faktor pendukung dan penghambat pada analisis profil pelajar pancasila pada teks berita di kelas VII SMP IT Insan Taqwa Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yaitu penelitian dilakukan secara langsung terhadap objek yang diteliti kemudian melakukan pengumpulan data yang telah ditemukan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang artinya dalam melakukan pelaporan penelitiannya dengan penggambaran kalimat dan ditunjukkan untuk mendeskripsikan keadaan yang sesuai dengan realita. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan profil pelajar pancasila yang diterapkan yaitu gotong royong, bernalar kritis dan kreatif. Melalui penelitian yang berjudul analisis implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada teks berita di SMP IT Insan Taqwa Lampung secara umum tergolong baik
Prosedur Kepengurusan Administrasi Kegiatan Bea Cukai Barang Ekspor/Impor
Authors: Sahara Siti , Putri Marini Andriyani , Faturrahman Rifaldi
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pendidikan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, khususnya pelaku UMKM yang mengekspor barang ke luar negeri. Pasalnya, ekspor Indonesia masih tergolong kecil dibandingkan negara ASEAN lainnya. Metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini, data sekunder  dikumpulkan dari buku, majalah, situs resmi pemerintah, dan lain-lain selama periode penerbitan lima tahun. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor ekspor Indonesia masih relatif kecil karena ketidaktahuan masyarakat mengenai persyaratan hukum untuk mengekspor barang ke luar negeri. Bea dan Cukai telah melakukan sejumlah inisiatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, termasuk melibatkan pelaku UMKM. Selain itu, Bea Cukai juga memiliki aturan yang menurunkan harga ekspor bagi peserta UMKM. Selain itu, diperlukan pelatihan untuk  mengekspor barang  ke luar negeri.