bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oil Infrastructure has Greater Impact than Noise on Stress and Habitat Selection in Three Grassland Songbirds
Authors: Des Brisay Paulson Given , Burns Laura Diane , Ellison Kevin , Anderson William Gary , Leonard Marty , Koper Nicola
Published: December 2022

Oil extraction may impact wildlife by altering habitat suitability and affecting stress levels and behavior of individuals, but it can be challenging to disentangle the impacts of infrastructure itself on wildlife from associated noise and human activity at well sites. We evaluated whether the demographic distribution and corticosterone levels of three grassland passerine species (Chestnut-collared Longspur, Calcarius ornatus; Baird’s Sparrow, Centronyx bairdii; and Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis) were impacted by oil development in southern Alberta, Canada. We used a landscape-scale oil well noise-playback experiment to evaluate whether impacts of wells were caused by noise. Surprisingly, higher-quality female Chestnut-collared Longspurs tended to nest closer to oil wells, while higher-quality Savannah Sparrows generally avoided nesting sites impacted by oil wells. Corticosterone levels in all species varied with the presence of oil development (oil wells, noise, or roads), but the magnitude and direction of the response was species and stimulus specific. While we detected numerous impacts of physical infrastructure on stress physiology and spatial demographic patterns, few of these resulted from noise. However, all three species in this study responded to at least one disturbance associated with oil development, so to conserve the grassland songbird community, both the presence of physical infrastructure and anthropogenic noise should be mitigated.
Spectral variability of the uranyl silicates uranophane-α and uranophane-β: polymorphism and luminescence
Authors: Stark Martin , Noller Markus
Published: December 2022

The luminescence of the uranyl cation UO22+ depends on the local crystalline environment and is sensitive to structural influences. Steady-state photoluminescence emission spectra of the related uranyl silicates uranophane-α, uranophane-β, sklodowskite and haiweeite from various locations are presented and discussed in the light of structure–property relation. The four mineral species were chosen for their close relationships: uranophane-α and uranophane-β are polymorphs and share the underlaying topology with sklodowskite. Haiweeite, with different topology, shares the composing elements Ca, U, Si, O with uranophane, while in sklodowskite Mg replaces Ca. All species show some variability in their spectra, parameterized as a variation of the centroid wavelength. Those variations are linked to defects and structural disorder, relevant in studies of uranyl speciation and migration. We present empiric spectra of the four mineral species with the least influence of structural disorder. As an unexpected feature, a prominent—partly dominating—double peak structure occurs in the case of uranophane-α only, while it is absent in the spectra of the other species. Considering a model of luminescent transitions in the uranyl ion in more detail, this observation is discussed in the light of the polymorphism of uranophane. We show evidence that variable amounts of uranophane-β phase embedded in uranophane-α are possibly at the origin of this spectral signature. Growth of those uranophane-β clusters might be induced by defects in the uranophane-α lattice and further promoted by the polymorphism of uranophane.
Neuropathologie I: Muskuläre Erkrankungen
Authors: Schänzer Anne , Dittmayer Carsten , Porubsky Stefan , Weis Joachim , Goebel Hans-Hilmar , Stenzel Werner
Published: December 2022

Muskelerkrankungen umfassen hereditäre genetische und erworbene Erkrankungen, welche sowohl im Kindes- als auch im Erwachsenenalter auftreten. Bei den unterschiedlichen Muskelerkrankungen kann es ultrastrukturelle Besonderheiten geben, welche helfen, die Erkrankung weiter einzugrenzen. Spezifische Veränderungen der Sarkomerenstruktur helfen bei der Einordnung einer kongenitalen Myopathie. Die Detektion von zellulären Aggregaten unterstützt die Klassifizierung einer Myositis. Pathologisch veränderte Mitochondrien können dagegen sowohl bei genetisch bedingten Mitochondriopathien, aber auch sekundär bei erworbenen Muskelerkrankungen auftreten, wie z. B. einer Myositis. Die ultrastrukturelle Beurteilung der Herzmuskulatur kann insbesondere bei kindlichen hereditären Kardiomyopathien die Erkrankung weiter eingrenzen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt die ultrastrukturellen Besonderheiten bei den unterschiedlichen Muskelerkrankungen heraus, wobei insbesondere auf pathognomonische Befunde bei bestimmten Krankheitsgruppen eingegangen wird.
Elektrotherapeutische Stellatumblockade bei einer Patientin mit komplexem regionalem Schmerzsyndrom der oberen Extremität
Authors: Ranker Alexander , Behr-Eggers Elke
Published: December 2022

Berichtet wird von einer 51-jährigen Patientin mit komplexem regionalem Schmerzsyndrom („complex regional pain syndrome“ [CRPS]) der linken Hand nach Radiusdistorsion mit ossärer Fissur. Die antikonvulsive Therapie gestaltete sich bei bestehender Epilepsie mit bereits hoch dosierter dualer Therapie (Lamotrigin und Brivaracetam) schwierig. Bei bestehenden neuropathischen Schmerzen, ausgeprägter Allodynie und Hyperhidrose wurde eine repetitive transkutane monophasische Elektrotherapie über dem Ganglion stellatum angewandt. Eine Ganglionblockade konnte klinisch bei fehlendem Horner-Syndrom nicht bestätigt werden. Dennoch konnten neuropathischer Schmerz und Hyperhidrose positiv beeinflusst werden. Dieser Fallbericht fasst die verwendeten Elektrodenpositionen, Stromparameter, Fallstricke sowie Therapielimitationen zusammen und diskutiert diese mit der Literatur.
How workplace learning is put into practice: contrasting the medical and nursing contexts from the perspective of teaching and learning regimes
Authors: Liljedahl Matilda , Björck Erik , Bolander Laksov Klara
Published: December 2022

Health professions education places significant emphasis on learning in the clinical environment. While experiences of workplace learning have been extensively investigated, practices of workplace learning explored through field work have been less utilized. The theoretical framework of teaching and learning regimes acknowledges aspects of power and conflict in its consideration of what guides teachers and learners in their practice of workplace learning. This study aimed to explore practices of workplace learning in the two adjacent healthcare professions; medicine and nursing. We adopted an ethnographic qualitative design. Field observations and follow-up interviews were performed in three clinical departments and the data set comprised 12 full days of observations and 16 formal follow-up interviews. Thematic analysis was performed deductively according to the theoretical framework. Four teaching and learning regimes were found in the data. In the medical context, workplace learning was either practiced as reproduction of current practice or through stimulation of professional development. In the nursing context, workplace learning was either based on development of partnership between student and supervisor or on conditional membership in a professional community. The medical and nursing contexts demonstrated varying underpinnings and assumptions relating to teaching and learning. The respective practices of workplace learning in the medical and nursing context appear to hold substantial differences which might have implications for how we understand practices of workplace learning. We further conclude that the theoretical framework of teaching and learning regimes in this study proved useful in exploring workplace learning.
Arabic natural language processing for Qur’anic research: a systematic review
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Huzaifa , Azmi Aqil M. , Nawaz Haq , Zaghouani Wajdi , Diab Mona , Al-Fuqaha Ala , Qadir Junaid
Published: December 2022

The Qur’an is a fourteen centuries old divine book in Arabic language that is read and followed by almost two billion Muslims globally as their sacred religious text. With the rise of Islam, the Arabic language gained popularity and became the lingua franca for large swaths of the old world. Devout Muslims read the Qur’an daily seeking guidance and comfort. Though the Qur’an, as a text, is short, there is a huge volume of supporting work filling tens of thousands of volumes, e.g., commentaries, exegesis, etc. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in such religious texts by non-specialists. Many of which were fueled by the recent advances in computational and natural language processing (NLP) techniques. These techniques help the development of tools that benefit common people to gain knowledge easily. This paper surveys the different efforts in the field of Qur’anic NLP, serving as a synthesized compendium of works (tools, data sets, approaches) covering the gamut from automated morphological analysis to correction of Qur’anic recitation via speech recognition. Multiple approaches are discussed for several tasks, where appropriate. Finally, we outline future research directions in this field.
Effect of anisotropic resistance characteristic on boundary-layer transitional flow
Authors: Hong Zheng , Ye Zhengyin , Wu Kangling , Ye Kun
Published: December 2022

It is observed that the feather surface exhibits anisotropic resistances for the streamwise and spanwise flows. To obtain a qualitative understanding about the effect of this anisotropic resistance feature of surface on the boundary-layer transitional flow over a flat plate, a simple phenomenological model for the anisotropic resistance is established in this paper. By means of the large eddy simulation (LES) with high-order accurate finite difference method, the numerical investigations are conducted. The numerical results show that with the spanwise resistance hindering the formation of vortexes, the transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow can be delayed, and turbulence is weakened when the flow becomes fully turbulent, which leads to significant drag reduction for the plate. On the contrary, the streamwise resistance renders the flow less stable, which leads to the earlier transition and enhances turbulence in the turbulent region, causing a drag increase for the plate. Thus, it is indicated that a surface with large resistance for spanwise flow and small resistance for streamwise flow can achieve significant drag reduction. The present results highlight the anisotropic resistance characteristic near the feather surface for drag reduction, and shed a light on the study of bird’s efficient flight.
“Everything Changed, Would You Like Me to Elaborate?”: A Qualitative Examination of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Community Participation Among Young Adults with Early Psychosis and Their Families
Authors: Patel Sapana R. , Stefancic Ana , Bello Iruma , Pagdon Shannon , Montague Elaina , Riefer Melody , Lyn Jamaitreya , Archard Joan , Rahim Reanne , Cabassa Leopoldo J. , Mathai Chacku M. , Dixon Lisa B.
Published: December 2022

OnTrackNY provides early intervention services to young people with early psychosis throughout New York State. This report describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community participation of OnTrackNY program participants and their families. Thirteen participants and nine family members participated in five focus groups and three individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using a summary template and matrix analysis approach. Major themes highlight the negative impacts of the pandemic with reports of decreased socializing or using online means to connect, unemployment, challenges with online learning and a decrease in civic engagement. Positive impacts include more time to deepen connections with family and valued friendships and engage in activities that promote wellness and goal attainment. Implications for coordinated specialty care programs include adapting services to promote mainstream community integration and creating new strategies for community involvement of young people within a new context brought forth by the pandemic.
A prospective multicenter phase II study of FOLFIRINOX as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced and recurrent biliary tract cancer
Authors: Takahara Naminatsu , Nakai Yousuke , Isayama Hiroyuki , Sasaki Takashi , Morine Yuji , Watanabe Kazuo , Ueno Makoto , Ioka Tatsuya , Kanai Masashi , Kondo Shunsuke , Okano Naohiro , Koike Kazuhiko
Published: December 2022

Given the promising activity and tolerability of FOLFIRINOX as a second-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), it can be an attractive first-line treatment option as well.
This is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FOLFIRINOX as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced BTC. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), tumor response and safety. This study defined primary endpoint might be met when the lower limit value of 80% confidence interval [CI] of the median PFS ≥ 6.0 months.
Between June 2016 and March 2020, 35 BTC patients (21 intrahepatic, 10 extrahepatic, 2 gallbladder, 2 ampulla) including 26 unresectable and 9 recurrent disease were enrolled. After a median follow-up of 13.9 months, the median PFS and OS were 7.4 (80% CI, 5.5–7.5) and 14.7 (80% CI, 11.8–15.7) months, respectively. Complete response was achieved in 1 (2.9%) and partial response in 10 (28.6%), giving an objective response rate of 31.4% and disease control rate of 74.3%. Major grade 3–4 adverse events included neutropenia (54.3%), leukopenia (34.4%), febrile neutropenia (17.1%), thrombocytopenia (8.6%), cholangitis (8.6%), anemia, nausea, diarrhea, and peripheral sensory neuropathy (2.9% each).
FOLFIRINOX was well tolerable in patients with advanced BTC, however, this study did not meet the primary endpoint to conduct a phase III trial. Thus, further explorations are required to find a subset of patients and/or certain clinical scenario which might be beneficial from FOLFIRINOX.
Upper temperature limit of larval Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus: implications for conservation in a warming climate
Authors: Whitesel Timothy A. , Uh Christina T.
Published: December 2022

Climate models suggest that by 2100, maximum temperatures where many larval Pacific lamprey,Entosphenus tridentatus, rear now may approach 27–31 °C. Little information exists on whether larval Pacific lamprey can tolerate these temperatures. We used acclimated chronic exposure (ACE) and direct acute exposure (DAE) experiments to determine the water temperature that is lethal to larval Pacific lamprey and whether sublethal water temperatures influence larval burrowing behavior. After 30 days in ACE experiments, all larvae survived in temperatures averaging ≤ 27.7 °C, no larvae survived in temperatures averaging ≥ 30.7 °C and the ultimate upper incipient lethal temperature (UILT) was estimated to be 29.2 °C. After seven days in DAE experiments, all larvae survived in 27.1 °C, only larvae acclimated to 23.3 °C survived in 29.1 °C, and no larvae survived in temperatures ≥ 30.6 °C. Using a time to death analysis, estimates of the UILTs ranged from 27.5 to 30.2 °C and the ultimate UILT was estimated to be > 28.3 °C. Using a percent mortality analysis, estimates of the ultimate UILT were not definitive but indicated it may be > 30.2 °C. To burrow, larvae reared for 30 days at temperatures averaging 26.9–27.7 °C exhibited more total time, active time, and stops than those reared for 30 days at temperatures averaging 22.3–23.9 °C. Our findings suggest that larval Pacific lamprey may be resilient to the most likely temperature increase scenarios predicted by climate models. However, they may be vulnerable to the high-temperature increase scenarios and, relatively high but sublethal temperatures may impact the behavior, and ultimately survival, of larval Pacific lamprey.
Environmental impacts of corn silage production: influence of wheat residues under contrasting tillage management types
Authors: Mirzaei Morad , Gorji Anari Manouchehr , Saronjic Nermina , Sarkar Sudip , Kral Iris , Gronauer Andreas , Mohammed Safwan , Caballero-Calvo Andrés
Published: December 2022

The intensification of specific land management operations (tillage, herbicide, etc.) is increasing land degradation and contributing to ecosystem pollution. Mulches can be a sustainable tool to counter these processes. This is particularly relevant for rural areas in low-income countries where agriculture is a vital sector. In this research, the environmental impact of different rates of wheat residues (no residues, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) in corn silage cultivation was evaluated using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method under conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems in a semi-arid region in Karaj, Iran. Results showed that in both tillage systems, marine aquatic ecotoxicity (ME) and global warming potential (GWP) had the highest levels of pollution among the environmental impact indicators. In CT systems, the minimum (17,730.70 kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DB) eq.) and maximum (33,683.97 kg 1,4-DB eq.) amounts of ME were related to 0 and 100% wheat residue rates, respectively. Also, in the CT system, 0 and 100% wheat residue rates resulted in minimum (176.72 kg CO2 eq.) and maximum (324.95 kg CO2 eq.) amounts of GWP, respectively. However, in the NT system, the 100% wheat residue rate showed the minimum amounts of ME (11,442.39 kg 1,4-DB eq.) and GWP (120.21 kg CO2 eq.). Also, in the NT system, maximum amounts of ME (17,174 kg 1,4-DB eq.) and GWP (175.60 kg CO2 eq.) were observed with a zero wheat residue rate. On-farm emissions and nitrogen fertilizers were the two factors with the highest contribution to the degradation related to environmental parameters at all rates of wheat residues. Moreover, in the CT system, the number of environmental pollutants increased with the addition of a higher wheat residue rate, while in the NT system, increasing residue rates decreased the amount of environmental pollutants. In conclusion, this LCA demonstrates that the NT system with the full retention of wheat residues (100%) is a more environmentally sustainable practice for corn silage production. Therefore, it may be considered one of the most adequate management strategies in this region and similar semi-arid conditions. Further long-term research and considering more environmental impact categories are required to assess the real potential of crop residues and tillage management for sustainable corn silage production.
Understanding how the university curriculum impacts student wellbeing: a qualitative study
Authors: Upsher Rebecca , Percy Zephyr , Cappiello Lorenzo , Byrom Nicola , Hughes Gareth , Oates Jennifer , Nobili Anna , Rakow Katie , Anaukwu Chinwe , Foster Juliet
Published: December 2022

There is increasing pressure within universities to address student mental health. From a whole university or settings-based perspective, this could include curriculum-embedded approaches. There is little research about how this should work or what approaches might be most effective. Semi -structured interviews were conducted with fifty-seven undergraduate students from five disciplines (Psychology, English studies, Nursing, International Politics, and War Studies) to understand students’ perspectives. Students reflected on wellbeing module content and, more broadly, on curriculum processes (teaching, pedagogy, assessment) within their degree. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to transcripts, generating three themes: embedding wellbeing in the curriculum; assessment, challenge, and academic support; and social connection and interaction. The findings provide evidence for teaching, pedagogy, and assessment practices supporting higher education student wellbeing. These align with recommended good teaching practices, such as considering appropriate assessment methods followed by effective feedback. Students saw the benefits of being academically challenged if scaffolded appropriately. Strong peer connection, teacher-student interaction, and communication were crucial to learning and wellbeing. These findings provide implications for future curriculum design that can support learning and wellbeing.
Chemical and Mechanical Signals Trigger Courtship in the Wild Large-Headed Resin Bee Heriades truncorum
Authors: Ganuza Cristina , Ayasse Manfred , Boff Samuel
Published: December 2022

Hymenopteran females are mostly highly selective, choosing their mating partner according to male quality signals, and may also signal their fertility through chemical advertisement. Male insects, in turn, often display a complex set of courtship behaviors to allure females to mate. In this study we explored the mechanisms triggering courtship behaviors in the oligolectic bee Heriades truncorum. In this species, males perform wing fanning followed by a sideways rocking motion before copulation. We tested the role of chemical cues in partner recognition by exposing males to dead females washed from cuticular extracts (i.e., sex pheromones) that were posteriorly coated, or not, with an extract of unmated females. Additionally, we experimentally reduced male wing length to test whether wing fanning was responsible for triggering sideways rocking motions. We found males to interact more often with females coated by extracts from unmated females, and to display wing fanning in the presence of these pheromones. Male wing fanning was important to perform sideways rocking motions, which are an essential behavior for successful mating and possibly an element used by females to evaluate male quality. Our study shows that both chemical and mechanical signals from female and male bees, respectively, are important elements in the mating system of H. truncorum.
The MUSCAT Readout Electronics Backend: Design and Pre-deployment Performance
Authors: Rowe S. , Tapia M. , Barry P. S. , Karkare K. S. , Papageorgiou A. , Ade P. A. R. , Brien T. L. R. , Castillo-Domínguez E. , Ferrusca D. , Gómez-Rivera V. , Hargrave P. , Hernández-Rebollar J. L. , Hornsby A. , Jáuregui-García J. M. , Mauskopf P. , Murias D. , Pascale E. , Pérez A. , Smith M. W. L. , Tucker C. , Velázquez M. , Ventura S. , Hughes D. H. , Doyle S.
Published: December 2022

MUSCAT is a new large-format 1.1 mm continuum camera for local and extra-galactic astronomy currently being installed at the 50 m Large Millimetre Telescope Alfonso Serrano, LMT. The focal plane is populated with 1458 feedhorn coupled Aluminium LEKIDs, cooled to 130 mk, and read out with 6 frequency division multiplexed RF readout chains, each with a 500 MHz bandwidth. The nominal mux ratio is $$\sim$$
∼
 250 resonators per chain with an average spacing of 2 MHz between resonators. In each RF chain, the multiplexed waveform generation/decomposition is performed with the BLAST-TNG firmware on a ROACH2 FPGA board with a MUSIC DAC/ADC. The quadrature modulated IF signals are mixed to and from the LEKID readout band on a custom card that houses IQ mixers, a programmable synthesizer, and additional programmable input and output gain control and filtering. Within the cryostat, the RF signals are attenuated prior to reaching the focal plane array and then amplified at 4K. A novel software system controls all the programmable hardware and handles instructions from the LMT instrument control system to record and store observation data, as well as performing automated resonator retuning and providing results of quick look analysis to the telescope operators. In this paper, we present the detailed design and in-lab performance of the cryogenic and room temperature electronics, and the software control system.
Convergence Rates for the Relaxed Peaceman-Rachford Splitting Method on a Monotone Inclusion Problem
Authors: Sim Chee-Khian
Published: December 2022

We consider the convergence behavior using the relaxed Peaceman–Rachford splitting method to solve the monotone inclusion problem $$0 \in (A + B)(u)$$

0
∈
(
A
+
B
)
(
u
)

, where $$A, B: \Re ^n \rightrightarrows \Re ^n$$

A
,
B
:

ℜ
n

⇉

ℜ
n

are maximal $$\beta $$
β
-strongly monotone operators, $$n \ge 1$$

n
≥
1

and $$\beta > 0$$

β
>
0

. Under a technical assumption, convergence of iterates using the method on the problem is proved when either A or B is single-valued, and the fixed relaxation parameter $$\theta $$
θ
lies in the interval $$(2 + \beta , 2 + \beta + \min \{ \beta , 1/\beta \})$$

(
2
+
β
,
2
+
β
+
min
{
β
,
1
/
β
}
)

. With this convergence result, we address an open problem that is not settled in Monteiro et al. (Computat Optim Appl 70:763–790, 2018) on the convergence of these iterates for $$\theta \in (2 + \beta , 2 + \beta + \min \{ \beta , 1/\beta \})$$

θ
∈
(
2
+
β
,
2
+
β
+
min
{
β
,
1
/
β
}
)

. Pointwise convergence rate results and R-linear convergence rate results when $$\theta $$
θ
lies in the interval $$[2 + \beta , 2 + \beta + \min \{\beta , 1/\beta \})$$

[
2
+
β
,
2
+
β
+
min
{
β
,
1
/
β
}
)

are also provided in the paper. Our analysis to achieve these results is atypical and hence novel. Numerical experiments on the weighted Lasso minimization problem are conducted to test the validity of the assumption.
Analytic contact solutions of the Boussinesq and Cattaneo problems for an ellipsoidal power-law indenter
Authors: Willert Emanuel
Published: December 2022

Based on Galin’s theorem for the indentation of an elastic half-space by a polynomial punch and Barber’s theorem for the determination of the contact area in elastic normal contact problems, an exact contact solution is developed for the frictionless indentation of an elastic half-space by an ellipsoidal power-law punch. Within the Cattaneo–Mindlin-approximation of tangential contacts, the tangential contact problem with friction can be reduced to the frictionless normal contact via the Ciavarella–Jäger principle, based on which also the tangential contact solution for the ellipsoidal power-law indenter is given. All known solutions for special cases (axisymmetric contact, elliptical Hertzian contact) are exactly recovered. A comparison of the pressure distribution obtained analytically for the 4-th power ellipsoidal indenter with a corresponding numerical solution based on the boundary element method shows no noticeable differences. The proposed solution procedure can also be used exactly for an arbitrary finite superposition of ellipsoidal power-law profiles, and, in an approximate sense, is applicable for arbitrary monotonous ellipsoidal profiles.
MicroRNA-588 regulates the invasive, migratory and vasculogenic mimicry-forming abilities of hypoxic glioma cells by targeting ROBO1
Authors: Yu Rui , Zhao Rongrong , Sun Xiaopeng , Zhang Zongpu , Wang Shaobo , Gao Xiao , Sun Zhongzheng , Xue Hao , Li Gang
Published: December 2022

Background

The microenvironment of hypoxia is an important factor contributing to the development of glioblastoma (GBM). MicroRNA-588 and its potential target Roundabout-directed receptor 1 (ROBO1) have been reported to promote tumor invasion and proliferation in diseases such as gastric, pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinoma, while their function in GBM and response to hypoxic states remain elusive.

Methods

A microarray was leveraged to identify differentially expressed microRNAs in U251 glioma cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The expression of miR-588 was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR). Gain- and loss-of-function studies were used to evaluate the role of miR-588 under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation experiments were performed. The relationship between miR-588 and ROBO1 was confirmed using western blot and luciferase reporter assays. Intracranial xenograft tumor mouse models were used to study the function of miR-588 in vivo.

Results

The expression of miR-588 was significantly upregulated in hypoxic glioma cells relative to normoxic glioma cells. miR-588 inhibited the invasive, migratory and VM-forming abilities of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1) is a direct, functionally relevant target of miR-588 in glioma. ROBO1 knockdown suppressed the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), thereby inhibiting the invasive, migratory and VM-forming abilities of glioma.

Conclusions

MiR-588 regulated the behaviors of hypoxic glioma cells by targeting ROBO1. miR-588 can be used as a prognostic marker for glioma and has potential implications in glioma gene therapy.
Un soneto olvidado de Calderón de la Barca para el Equilibrio cristiano político y moral de Gaspar Agustín de Lara (1680)
Authors: Gómez Canseco Luis , Navarro Antolín Fernando
Published: December 2022

In 1680 Pedro Calderón de la Barca wrote a sonnet for Gaspar Agustín de Lara’s Equilibrio cristiano político y moral. This paper edits the sonnet, completely unknown in Calderonian studies, and also analyzes the figure and the work of Lara.
Impact of land cover, rainfall and topography on flood risk in West Java
Authors: Rahayu Rahmawati , Mathias Simon A. , Reaney Sim , Vesuviano Gianni , Suwarman Rusmawan , Ramdhan Agus M.
Published: December 2022

Flooding represents around 32% of total disasters in Indonesia and disproportionately affects the poorest of communities. The objective of this study was to determine significant statistical differences, in terms of river catchment characteristics, between regions in West Java that reported suffering from flood disasters and those that did not. Catchment characteristics considered included various statistical measures of topography, land-use, soil-type, meteorology and river flow rates. West Java comprises 154 level 9 HydroSHEDS sub-basin regions. We split these regions into those where flood disasters were reported and those where they were not, for the period of 2009 to 2013. Rainfall statistics were derived using the CHIRPS gridded precipitation data package. Statistical estimates of river flow rates, applicable to ungauged catchments, were derived from regionalisation relationships obtained by stepwise linear regression with river flow data from 70 West Javanese gauging stations. We used Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to identify catchment characteristics that exhibit significant statistical differences between the two sets of regions. Median annual maximum river flow rate (AMRFR) was found to be positively correlated with plantation cover. Reducing plantation land cover from 20 to 10% was found to lead to a modelled 38% reduction in median AMRFR. AMRFR with return periods greater than 10 years were found to be negatively correlated with wetland farming land cover, suggesting that rice paddies play an important role in attenuating extreme river flow events. Nevertheless, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests revealed that built land cover is the most important factor defining whether or not an area is likely to report flood disasters in West Java. This is presumably because the more built land cover, the more people available to experience and report flood disasters. Our findings also suggest that more research is needed to understand the important role of plantation cover in aggravating median annual maximum river flow rates and wetland farming cover in mitigating extreme river flow events.
Prediction scoring of data-driven discoveries for reproducible research
Authors: Smith Anna L. , Zheng Tian , Gelman Andrew
Published: December 2022

Predictive modeling uncovers knowledge and insights regarding a hypothesized data generating mechanism (DGM). Results from different studies on a complex DGM, derived from different data sets, and using complicated models and algorithms, are hard to quantitatively compare due to random noise and statistical uncertainty in model results. This has been one of the main contributors to the replication crisis in the behavioral sciences. The contribution of this paper is to apply prediction scoring to the problem of comparing two studies, such as can arise when evaluating replications or competing evidence. We examine the role of predictive models in quantitatively assessing agreement between two datasets that are assumed to come from two distinct DGMs. We formalize a distance between the DGMs that is estimated using cross validation. We argue that the resulting prediction scores depend on the predictive models created by cross validation. In this sense, the prediction scores measure the distance between DGMs, along the dimension of the particular predictive model. Using human behavior data from experimental economics, we demonstrate that prediction scores can be used to evaluate preregistered hypotheses and provide insights comparing data from different populations and settings. We examine the asymptotic behavior of the prediction scores using simulated experimental data and demonstrate that leveraging competing predictive models can reveal important differences between underlying DGMs. Our proposed cross-validated prediction scores are capable of quantifying differences between unobserved data generating mechanisms and allow for the validation and assessment of results from complex models.
Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Aberrant Static and Dynamic Connectomic Features Identified Through Machine Learning Model Fusion
Authors: Simos Nicholas J. , Manolitsi Katina , Luppi Andrea I. , Kagialis Antonios , Antonakakis Marios , Zervakis Michalis , Antypa Despina , Kavroulakis Eleftherios , Maris Thomas G. , Vakis Antonios , Stamatakis Emmanuel A. , Papadaki Efrosini
Published: December 2022

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a frequently occurring condition and approximately 90% of TBI cases are classified as mild (mTBI). However, conventional MRI has limited diagnostic and prognostic value, thus warranting the utilization of additional imaging modalities and analysis procedures. The functional connectomic approach using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) has shown great potential and promising diagnostic capabilities across multiple clinical scenarios, including mTBI. Additionally, there is increasing recognition of a fundamental role of brain dynamics in healthy and pathological cognition. Here, we undertake an in-depth investigation of mTBI-related connectomic disturbances and their emotional and cognitive correlates. We leveraged machine learning and graph theory to combine static and dynamic functional connectivity (FC) with regional entropy values, achieving classification accuracy up to 75% (77, 74 and 76% precision, sensitivity and specificity, respectively). As compared to healthy controls, the mTBI group displayed hypoconnectivity in the temporal poles, which correlated positively with semantic (r = 0.43, p < 0.008) and phonemic verbal fluency (r = 0.46, p < 0.004), while hypoconnectivity in the right dorsal posterior cingulate correlated positively with depression symptom severity (r = 0.54, p < 0.0006). These results highlight the importance of residual FC in these regions for preserved cognitive and emotional function in mTBI. Conversely, hyperconnectivity was observed in the right precentral and supramarginal gyri, which correlated negatively with semantic verbal fluency (r=-0.47, p < 0.003), indicating a potential ineffective compensatory mechanism. These novel results are promising toward understanding the pathophysiology of mTBI and explaining some of its most lingering emotional and cognitive symptoms.
Engraftment syndrome following Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic approach toward diagnosis and management
Authors: Maqbool Shahzaib , Nadeem Muhammad , Shahroz Ahmad , Naimat Kiran , Khan Imran , Tahir Hassaan , Rehman Abdur , Anwer Faiz , Iftikhar Raheel , Lee Ka Yiu
Published: December 2022

Engraftment syndrome (ES) is a non-infectious complication seen both in autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants and is characterized by the presence of non-infectious fever, diarrhea, skin rash, pulmonary infiltration, pulmonary edema, and deranged renal and liver function tests This review will be delineating the incidence of ES, important differential diagnoses to be considered and management options. The literature search was done through various databases like PubMed, Google scholar, Cochrane library, and EMBASE. The incidence of engraftment syndrome was ranging from 8 to 50% in patients undergoing Autologous stem cell transplantation while the incidence was 10–77% in patients undergoing Allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Fever was the most commonly observed symptom of ES in both Autologous and Allogeneic stem cell transplantation while the second most frequently reported symptom was non-infectious diarrhea in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation and Skin rash in patients with Allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune response dysregulation were highlighted as the mechanism behind ES development. The significant difference between ES and aGVHD was observed based on cytokines, with IL-12, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels in plasma being higher in patients with ES as compared to patients with aGVHD. Intravenous methylprednisolone was used as the treatment of choice in the majority of the studies. Overall the incidence of ES was high in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. The survival in patients developing ES was less compared to those who did not develop ES. Engraftment syndrome is one of the complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that need early identification, differentiation from infectious complications, and aGVHD and timely initiation of corticosteroids therapy.
Glutamine induces remodeling of tight junctions in Caco-2 colorectal cancer cell
Authors: Huang Ching-Ying , Chen Ji-Kai , Kuo Wei-Ting
Published: December 2022

Malignant cells often exhibit significant metabolic alterations, including the utilization of different nutrients to meet energetic and biosynthetic demands. Recent studies have shown that glutamine can support primary colorectal tumor growth and also serve as an alternate energy source during distant metastasis under glucose-limited conditions. However, the overall effects of glutamine on cancer cell physiology are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated how glutamine impacts epithelial integrity in colorectal cancer cells under glucose deprivation. Human colorectal cancer (Caco-2) cells were grown to confluency in transwells and cultured in glucose/pyruvate-free DMEM with various glutamine concentrations (0–50 mM). Cell viability was assessed, and monolayer integrity was examined in terms of transepithelial resistance (TER) and paracellular permeability. Tight junction (TJ) component proteins were examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. A dose-dependent decrease in TER was observed in Caco-2 cells, but paracellular permeability was not affected after 24 h incubation with glutamine. At the same time, the TJ proteins, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and Claudin-1, showed lateral undulations and punctate staining patterns accompanied by enlargement of cellular and nuclear sizes. Furthermore, decreased protein levels of ZO-1, but not claudin-1, were found in detergent-insoluble cellular fractions. Notably, the decreased TER and alterations in TJ structure were not associated with cell viability changes. Moreover, the addition of glutamate, which is produced by the first step of glutamine catabolism, had no impact on TER. Our results suggested that the enteral glutamine may play an important role in the regulation of TJ dynamics in colorectal cancer cells.
The Reach and Impact of Birthright Israel: What We Can Learn from Pew’s “Jewish Americans in 2020”
Authors: Saxe Leonard , Wright Graham , Hecht Shahar
Published: December 2022

The Pew Research Center’s 2020 survey of American Jews is a valuable resource to scholars of American Jewry, enabling interrogation of questions using data that no other source can reliably provide. One set of questions pertains to the reach and impact of Birthright Israel, the largest extant Jewish educational program targeted at Jewish young adults, on American Jews. Pew’s nationally representative sample provides important validation of previous findings regarding Birthright’s impact on participants and extends the generalizability of what has been learned. In this paper we use data from the 2020 Pew survey to assess the program’s “reach” into different segments of the American Jewish population and to extend the validity of existing findings regarding the program’s impact on participants’ attitudes and behaviors related to Israel and Jewish life. Pew’s data estimate that around 20% of American Jews ages 18–46 have participated in Birthright, and that among Jewish parents with a grown child, nearly 30% have an adult child who participated in the program. After controlling for preexisting differences between participants and those who have never been to Israel, Pew’s data also confirm that Birthright has a significant impact on a broad set of Jewish outcomes. These results support a more optimistic view of the future for US Jewry and suggest that the investment in large-scale educational interventions can substantially alter the trajectory of the American Jewish community writ large.
Sub-Seasonal Experiment (SubX) Model-based Assessment of the Prediction Skill of Recent Multi-Year South Korea Droughts
Authors: Park Chang-Kyun , Kam Jonghun
Published: December 2022

Reliable sub-seasonal forecast of precipitation is essential to manage the risk of multi-year droughts in a timely manner. However, comprehensive assessments of sub-seasonal prediction skill of precipitation remain limited, particularly during multi-year droughts. This study used various verification metrics to assess the sub-seasonal prediction skill of hindcasts of five Sub-seasonal Experiment (SubX) models for precipitation during two recent multi-year South Korea droughts (2007 − 10 and 2013 − 16). Results show that the sub-seasonal prediction skill of the SubX models were stage-, event-, and model-dependent over the recent multi-year droughts. According to the Brier skill scores, SubX models show a more skillful in one to four lead weeks during the drought onset and persistence stages, than the recovery stage. While the prediction skill of the SubX models in the first two initial weeks show more skillful prediction during the 2007–10 drought, the impact of the forecast initial time on the prediction skill is relatively weak during the 2013–16 drought. Overall, the EMC-GEFSv12 model with the 11 ensemble members (the largest among the five SubX models) show the most skillful forecasting skill. According to the sensitivity test to the ensemble member size, the EMC-GEFSv12 model had no gain for biweekly precipitation forecast with the nine ensemble members or more. This study highlights the importance of a robust evaluation of the predictive performance of sub-seasonal climate forecasts via multiple verification metrics.
Novel CSF1R-positive tenosynovial giant cell tumor cell lines and their pexidartinib (PLX3397) and sotuletinib (BLZ945)-induced apoptosis
Authors: Thongchot Suyanee , Duangkaew Supani , Yotchai Wasan , Maungsomboon Sorranart , Phimolsarnti Rapin , Asavamongkolkul Apichat , Thuwajit Peti , Thuwajit Chanitra , Chandhanayingyong Chandhanarat
Published: December 2022

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a mesenchymal tumor derived from the synovium of the tendon sheath and joints, most frequently in the large joints. The standard of care for TGCTs is surgical resection. A new targeting approach for treating TGCTs has emerged from studies on the role of the CSF1/CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) in controlling cell survival and proliferation during the pathogenesis of TGCTs. We established four novel cell lines isolated from the primary tumor tissues of patients with TGCTs. The cell lines were designated Si-TGCT-1, Si-TGCT-2, Si-TGCT-3, and Si-TGCT-4, and the TGCT cells were characterized by CSF1R and CD68. These TGCT cells were then checked for cell proliferation using an MTT assay and three-dimensional spheroid. The responses to pexidartinib (PLX3397) and sotuletinib (BLZ945) were evaluated by two-dimensional MTT assays. All cells were positive for α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), CSF1R, and CD68. Except for Si-TGCT-4, all TGCT cells had high CSF1R expressions. The cells exhibited continuous growth as three-dimensional spheroids formed. Treatment with pexidartinib and sotuletinib inhibited TGCT cell growth and induced cell apoptosis correlated with the CSF1R level. Only Si-TGCT-4 cells demonstrated resistance to the drugs. In addition, the BAX/BCL-2 ratio increased in cells treated with pexidartinib and sotuletinib. With the four novel TGCT cell lines, we have an excellent model for further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Biological soil quality and soil organic carbon change in biodynamic, organic, and conventional farming systems after 42 years
Authors: Krause Hans-Martin , Stehle Bernhard , Mayer Jochen , Mayer Marius , Steffens Markus , Mäder Paul , Fliessbach Andreas
Published: December 2022

Soils are the basis of life on land and the ways in which we manage them for crop production, impact their role, functions and quality. Conventional farming uses industrial inputs to a level that is economically justified, whilst organic farming systems avoid mineral fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides. This study investigates the long-term effect of organic and conventional farming systems on soil quality. The DOK trial (bioDynamic, bioOrganic, Konventionell (German for conventional)) running since 1978 in Therwil (CH), compares bioorganic (BIOORG), biodynamic (BIODYN), and conventional (CONFYM) farming systems at two farmyard manure intensities corresponding to 0.7 and 1.4 livestock units per hectare with a purely mineral fertilized system (CONMIN) and an unfertilized control (NOFERT). The treatments in the DOK trial vary in plant protection and receive system-specific organic matter inputs differing in rate and quality. With this work, we revisit the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics across 42 years and redefine the previous perception of mainly declining SOC contents after 21 years of organic and conventional management (Fliessbach et al. 2007). After 42 years, we found SOC contents to be increased in BIODYN 1.4 and to a lesser extent also in BIOORG 1.4. CONFYM 1.4 showed stable SOC contents, while systems fertilized with manure of 0.7 livestock units and CONMIN lost SOC. SOC loss was highest in NOFERT. Enhanced biological soil quality under organic and particularly biodynamic management highlights the close link between soil biology and SOC changes. The impact of farming systems on SOC was detectable after 2 decades of continuous management. We conclude that recycling manure at a level of 1.4 livestock units per hectare permits maintenance of SOC levels and that composting manure, as performed in BIODYN 1.4, helps to further increase SOC levels and improve biological soil quality.