bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous methods for the treatment of urothelial tumors of the pyelocaliceal system (case report and literature review)
Authors: Popov Sergey V. , Orlov Igor N. , Suleimanov Murad M. , Topuzov Timur M. , Perfiliev Mark A. , Gavrilov Vladislav Yu. , Mayorov Ilya D.
Published: July 2022

Urothelial carcinoma is one of the most common solid malignancies. Moreover, urothelial cancer of the ureter of a single kidney is a rare entity that requires nephron-sparing treatment and carries a high risk of postoperative recurrence. An analysis of the literature on this disease was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for the period from 2011 to 2022. A clinical case of recurrence of urothelial cancer of the pyelocaliceal system of the kidney in a 73-year-old patient was presented. For the primary tumor, the patient underwent percutaneous laser en bloc resection on the narrow base of the tumor. In case of recurrence, given the acute angle of attack and the wide tumor base, bipolar loop resection became necessary. This clinical observation demonstrates the need for logistical equipment with laser, mono- and bipolar energy sources, and flexible nephroscopes for the most effective and personalized treatment.
Features of compensatory and adaptive reactions of the vascular bed of the bladder of elderly and senile men with prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Shormanov Igor S. , Kulikov Sergey V. , Solovyov Andrey S.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Bladder outlet obstruction caused by prostatic hyperplasia eventually leads to detrusor working hypertrophy, and its development is impossible without synchronous remodeling of its vascular bed. Taking into account the age-associated nature of the disease, bladder transformation occurs following involutive structural changes of both the organ and its vascular system due to natural aging. To date, morphological features of compensatory reactions of the vascular bed, taking into account background age-related changes in the bladder wall, is not fully disclosed.
AIM: To investigate the structural transformations of the bladder and its vascular bed in elderly and senile persons with prostatic hyperplasia and to determine the significance of vascular restructuring in providing compensatory detrusor hypertrophy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Autopsy material from 35 men aged 6080 years who died from diseases not related to urological and cardiovascular pathology was examined, as well as those from 25 men of the same age who had prostatic hyperplasia without signs of bladder decompensation. The control group included 15 men aged 2030 years who died as a result of injuries. A complex of histological, morphometric and immunohistochemical methods was used
RESULTS: In patients with prostatic hyperplasia, there is a violation of the histoarchitectonics of the bladder, which is expressed in the development of focal detrusor hypertrophy, layering on the existing involutive changes, which are characterized by the atrophy of muscle fibers, sclerosis of the intermuscular stroma, defragmentation of the elastic frame, and neurodegenerative processes. A similar state of the detrusor is caused by sclerosis and hyalinosis of small arteries and arterioles, hypertrophy and hyperelastosis of large arteries associated with arterial hypertension, combined with atherosclerosis of extraorganic arteries. Moreover, a complex is formed in the vascular basin of the bladder that can regulate blood transport in conditions of increasing chronic ischemia and provide a normal blood supply to the preserved parts of the detrusor that can undergo hypertrophy with an increase in functional impairment. These structures include intimate muscles, muscular elastic sphincters, polypoid cushions of the conti arteries, muscle couplings, muscle rollers, and vein valves.
CONCLUSIONS: Structural changes in the bladder are characterized by a combination of focal detrusor atrophy resulting from angiosclerosis and development of hypertrophy of preserved areas with an increase in functional load. The hypertrophic potential of the detrusor is attributed to vascular regulatory structures.
Molecular mechanisms modulating hemostasis and development of acute pyelonephritis after contact ureteral lithotripsy
Authors: Barinov Eduard F. , Malinin Yurii  Yu.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Improving the efficiency and reducing the frequency of complications of surgical treatment of urolithiasis is an actual problem in urology.
AIM: To establish the molecular mechanisms that modulate the hemostasis and development of acute pyelonephritis after percutaneous contact ureteral lithotripsy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 21 patients with urolithiasis and concretions in the upper third of the ureter in whom, after standard lithokinetic therapy for 7 days, according to imaging control data, the calculus did not move from the pyelo-ureteral zone to the middle third of the ureter. All patients underwent contact ureteral lithotripsy. After the operation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics were used for 2 days. The severity of hematuria and leukocyturia was assessed 24, 48, and 72 h after contact ureteral lithotripsy. Functional activity receptors were analyzed in vitro on a platelet suspension. Platelet aggregation was assessed by the turbidimetric method using a ChronoLog analyzer (USA).
RESULTS: At 24, 48, and 72 h after contact ureteral lithotripsy, a significant decrease was found in the severity of microhematuria (p 0.001). The leukocyturia level decreased over 48 h (p 0.05) and increased 72 h after surgery (p 0.001). The above dynamics of complications after hours indicates that two pathological processes simultaneously develop in the ureteral mucosa: induction of thrombogenesis and modulation of an acute inflammatory reaction. Аfter 24 h of NSAID discontinuation (3 days after contact ureteral lithotripsy), normoreactivity of the 2-adrenergic receptors, GPVI receptors, AT1 receptors, PAF receptors, P2X1 receptors, and A2A receptors was found, as well as hyporeactivity of purine P2Y receptors and 2-adrenergic receptors. The correlation between the severity of hematuria and the activity of GPVI receptors for collagen, 2-adrenergic receptors for adrenaline, and AT1 receptors for angiotensin-2 (p 0.05) makes it possible to specify the possible interaction of platelet receptors that maintain hemostasis during inhibition of the COXTxA2 axis. Maintaining the severity of pyelonephritis after contact ureteral lithotripsy is associated with the interaction of the PAF receptors, purine ionotropic P2X1 receptors, and 2-adrenergic receptors on blood cells.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of targets receptors on platelets and leukocytes after contact ureteral lithotripsy in the upper third of the ureter with ineffective lithokinetic therapyallows us to outline ways to improve conservative therapy to limit the development of postoperative complications.
A Review of Educational Design and Implementation of Mental and Physical Health Concepts in Adults
Authors:   , Johnson Sarah , Schmidt-Ullrich Alexandra A.
Published: August 2022

Current health programs neglect important aspects of health and wellbeing- emotional health, strength, flexibility, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Many of these programs are app-based and focus on an individual's weight loss or gain and exclude how an individual feels. What if we steered the focus away from appearance and weight and instead focus on how an individual feels? While this focus is starting to make its way to practice it is not yet widely accepted or discussed. Instead of following strict programs and focusing only on how much we move or consume to make us feel better about ourselves, what if we instead focused on education and accomplishments to build healthy habits and a sustainable lifestyle? Through qualitative interviews and iterative design, this research aims to determine what motivates people to live a healthy lifestyle, what healthy means to them, and how they can sustain healthy practices without relying on external tools/crutches. The driving research question- How do we educate about and support the connection between mental health and physical health to our well-being in an accessible, sustainable way? The developing mental and physical health resource kit was shown to be effective in increasing confidence in self and health knowledge, improving one's relationship with self, fostering a more positive experience with health, and helping to set clearly defined reasonable goals.
Management of oncological and emergency surgery cases during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: DAL M. Burak , UĞUR Mustafa , DUYMUŞ Mehmet Esat , TEMİZ Muhyittin
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Acil cerrahi vakalara Genel Cerrahide önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. COVID-19 salgını döneminde, hastaların salgından etkilenme korkusu ve davranış şekillerinin karmaşıklığı bu hastalıkların teşhis ve tedavisini zorlaştırmaktadır.

Yöntem: Üçüncü basamak olan merkezimizde, COVID pandemisi sırasında akut apandisit, kolesistit ve kolorektal kanser tanısı ile cerrahi geçiren hastaların bilgisayarlı veri tabanı retrospektif olarak pandemi öncesi ve pandemi dönemi şeklinde gözden geçirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma süresi boyunca 1100 hasta apandisit, 500 hasta kolesistit, 120 hasta onkolojik hastalıklar nedeni ile ameliyat edildi. Ortalama yaş her iki dönem için benzerdi, pandemi öncesi dönemde 34.06 ± 16.7 pandemi döneminde 36,72 ± 15,31 yaş ortalaması mevcuttu. Semptom başlaması ile hastaların hastaneye başvuru süreleri her iki döneme benzerdir (34,55 ± 31,51 ile 34,35 ± 37,94 sa, P = 0,968). Laboratuvar testler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. WBC değerleri pandemi öncesi dönemde 12.73 ± 4.3 × 103 idi pandemi sonrası dönemde 13.62 ± 4.62×103 (P = 0.1308) idi. Pandemi öncesi ve pandemi döneminde tüm hastalar en az 1 görüntüleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinin ilk aşamasında, komplike acil cerrahi gereksinimi oranında önemli bir artış vardı. Hastalar bundan kaçınmaları için semptomların başlaması ile acil polikliniklere başvurmaları şiddetle teşvik edilmelidir.
Kolon kanserini taklit eden kolon lipomu: Olgu sunumu
Authors: SEÇİNTİ İlke Evrim , ŞİMŞEK Betül , ŞİMŞEK Salih , UYSAL Süleyman , ÖZTÜRK Ozan
Published: July 2022

Lipom, matür adipoz dokudan gelişen ve yumuşak dokuda sık gözlenen benign mezenkimal bir tümördür. Kolon yerleşimi nadir olup insidansı %0,2-4 olarak bildirilmektedir. Çoğunlukla 5.-6. dekatta, kadın hastalarda görülür. En sık çekum ve çıkan kolon yerleşimlidir. Sıklıkla soliter, küçük ve asemptomatik olup insidental olarak saptanır. Ancak tümör boyutuna ve yerleşim yerine bağlı olarak karın ağrısı, kanama, invajinasyon bulguları, obstrüksiyon bulguları göstererek klinik ve radyolojik olarak maligniteyi taklit edebilir. Bu nedenle preoperatif dönemde tanınması zordur. Genellikle 2 cm’den büyük olan lipomlar semptomatiktir. Histopatolojik olarak sıklıkla submukoza yerleşimli, mukozadan kapsülle ayrılan, matür adipoz dokudan oluşan, iyi sınırlı tümöral lezyon izlenir. Kesin tanı ancak histopatolojik incelemeyle konulabilir. Lezyonun cerrahi olarak çıkarılması hem tedavi için hem de malignensi tanısını dışlamak için gereklidir. Karın ağrısı şikâyeti ile acil servise başvuran, 52 yaşındaki kadın hastada klinik olarak maligniteyi taklit eden kolon lipomu olgusu sunuldu.
The expression of Beta-Catenin and Sox2 in adenocarcinoma and adenomatous polyps of the colon and their association with clinicopathological parameters
Authors: GÜNEY Neslihan , GÜRSES İclal , SERİNSÖZ LİNKE Ebru , GÜRSOY Didar , ÜÇBİLEK Enver , ÇOLAK Tahsin
Published: July 2022

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin and Sox-2 in adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinoma of colon and also to evaluate the effects of these markers in adenoma-carcinoma sequence and their association with clinicopathological parameters.

Methods: Fifty-six tubular adenomas with low grade dysplasia (TALGD), 53 tubular adenomas with high grade dysplasia (TAHGD), 44 tubulovillous adenomas (TVA), 29 villous adenomas (VA) and 60 adenocarcinomas were included in the study. The nuclear staining of Sox2 was evaluated as well as both nuclear and cytoplasmic stainings of β-catenin. A semiquantitative scoring was performed. The results were compared between the groups and the relationship of the results with clinicopathological parameters was evaluated.

Results: Nuclear and cytoplasmic β-catenin expressions of the adenocarcinomas were higher than polyps. The expressions in the VA and TVA polyp groups were higher than the expressions in TAHGD and TALGD, respectively. Membranous β-catenin expression in the adenocarcinoma was higher than the polyps except VA. The evaluation between polyp groups with respect to membranous β-catenin staining revealed a statistically significantly difference in favor of VA compared with TVA, TAHGD and TALGD; in favor of TAHGD compared with TVA, in favor of TVA compared with TALGD while it was found statistically significantly higher in TAHGD than TALGD.

Conclusion: The results regarding β-catenin expression of the polyp groups were consistent with the literature. There was a positive correlation between β-catenin expression (nuclear and cytoplasmic) and malignancy. High Sox2 expressions were found correlated with malignancy potential. Large sampling size investigations to be supported by further molecular studies are needed to clarify the effect of Sox2 expression in the sequence of adenoma-carcinoma comprehensively.
Diagnostic value of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the postoperative clinical management of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: ÇINAR Alev , ALAGÖZ Engin , AYAN Aslı , UÇGUN Aybüke
Published: July 2022

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a well-known, surgically curable type of cancer if detected early. Survival rate increase depends on the early detection of the recurrent lesions. In this present study, we aimed to emphasize the value of the F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging modality to evaluate the postoperative treatment response of patients with CRC, based on our clinical experience.

Methods: Between January 2016 and January 2020, 168 colorectal cancer patients underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT to evaluate residue/recurrence cancer in our institution. Patients enrolled in this study were operated on for primary colon tumors. Before and after systemic therapy, all patients underwent pre and post-treatment F-18 FDG PET/CT to assess treatment response. The images were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Patients were classified according to primary tumor localization. Of 168 patients, the primary tumor localized in the ascending colon (n=55), the descending colon (n=33), the transverse colon (n=14), the rectosigmoid (n=61), and the caecum in the other five patients. Recurrence of primary tumor site was detected in 57 patients; 33 of them were male (57.9%) and 24 female (42.1%). The mean SUVmax of the local recurrent lesion was 8.97 ± 3.42 g/ml. In addition, from the ascending colon group, two patients had new foci of tumoral lesions (1.20%).

Conclusion: Resection of the colonic segments with tumor, if possible, is the first step in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. After the curative operation, recurrence can be seen in approximately 40% of patients within the first two years. Early detection of recurrence improves the survival rate.
Development of Siap Antisipasi (SIANTI) to Enhance Students’ Assertive Behavior in Preventing Physical Sexual Harassment on Junior High School Students
Authors: Ratnasari Fitri , Flurentin Elia , Setiyowati Arbin Janu
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This research and development aims to develop a product called Siap Antisipasi (SIANTI) to improve assertive behavior in preventing physical sexual harassment in junior high school students by meeting product acceptance. SIANTI’s products include three educational videos with a video duration of three minutes each and a guidebook for school counselors in providing classical guidance services. The research method by adapting Borg and Gall model. This research and development procedure includes preliminary studies, product design and development as well as product testing of material experts, media experts and users. The research and development subjects consisted of one material expert, one media expert and two users. Assessment of expert and users to determine product acceptance uses a rating scale based on aspects of accuracy, usability, convenience and product attractiveness. The research instrument uses an expert and prospective user assessment format. The results of the expert test were analyzed using the numerical average, the results of the users were tested using the inter-rater agreement. The overall test results show that the SIANTI product gets a very high rating category and meets product acceptance so that it can be implemented as a medium for school counselors in providing classical guidance services to improve students’ assertive behavior to prevent physical sexual harassment.
Abstrak: PPenelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Siap Antisipasi (SIANTI) untuk meningkatkan perilaku asertif dalam mencegah physical sexual harassment pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama dengan memenuhi keberterimaan produk. Produk SIANTI meliputi tiga video edukasi dengan durasi masing-masing video tiga menit dan buku panduan untuk konselor sekolah dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan klasikal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan model Borg dan Gall yang telah diadaptasi. Prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan ini meliputi studi pendahuluan, rancangan dan pengembangan produk serta uji produk terhadap ahli materi, ahli media dan calon pengguna. Subjek penelitian dan pengembangan terdiri dari satu ahli materi, satu ahli media dan dua calon pengguna. Penilaian uji ahli dan calon pengguna untuk mengetahui keberterimaan produk menggunakan skala penilaian yang berdasarkan pada aspek ketepatan, kegunaan, kemudahan dan kemenarikan produk. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan format penilaian ahli dan calon pengguna. Hasil uji ahli dianalisis menggunakan numerik rerata, hasil uji calon pengguna diuji menggunakan inter-rater agreement. Keseluruhan hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa SIANTI mendapatkan kategori penilaian sangat tinggi dan memenuhi keberterimaan produk sehingga dapat diimplementasikan sebagai media bagi konselor sekolah dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan klasikal untuk meningkatkan perilaku asertif siswa guna mencegah physical sexual harassment.
Ampliación trascendental de la empatía en Edith Stein: el tipo analógico
Authors: Caballero Bono José Luis
Published: July 2022

This article proposes an extension of Edith Stein’s natural approach to empathy that points to the transcendental phenomenology of Edmund Husserl. The key concept herein is that of type, as related to the analogy present in every experience of empathy. Edith Stein rejects inference by analogy as an explanation to the knowledge of others. But that does not amount to an exclusion of analogy itself from that knowledge. Husserl approaches the experience of another subject by way of an analogy without inference. Stein also provides an explanation by analogy of the experience of other subjects, as an experience of belonging to the same type. The concept of type is an analogical concept itself, built on similarity. Type allows access to the transcendental sphere, after Edith Stein’s criticism of the concept of pure self. Type also preserves the alterity of the empathized subject, as a result of the inhomogeneity and distinctiveness of its specimens. Type as a basis of the analogical process that takes place in empathy reveals itself as its transcendental foundation, as it points to an intersubjectivity that pre-exists empathy as a psychological experience.
Edith Stein's Theory of Empathy in Applied Context
Authors: Jovanov Rastko
Published: July 2022

The problem I wish to address here is how Edith Stein‘s theory of shared empathy and psychotherapeutic group therapy are required condition for any successful work with patients in medical and clients in philosophical praxis. Moreover, a theory of shared empathy must also account for the arguably more intricate issue of how group members might properly share an own mental domain with its distinctive phenomenology, and its distinctive attitudes toward one another, so that the necessarily self-testimonies of clients does not rest on a previous pathological state. In the following, I aim to offer some steps towards solving this problem. I will do so by outlining what methodology lies behind the theory of shared empathy, and showing how, on the results of a case study, it can be applied in a way whereby it still accommodates all requirements for what counts as valid coherence of self-testimony and successful client’s healing.
Edith Stein et le débat idéalisme versus réalisme en phénoménologie
Authors: Filho Juvenal Savian
Published: July 2022

An analysis of the Steinian corpus makes it possible today to relativize – or completely revise and even entirely refuse – the association of a gnoseological realism with the thought of Edith Stein. Through his project of a Philosophy of Being (which does not abandon Phenomenology, but associates it with a metaphysical approach as a complement to the whole of a complete work of reason – perfectum opus rationis), Edith Stein refuses the opposition “idealism versus realism”, by simply making understand that such opposition has no sense in a context of fidelity to the Phenomenology.
Edith Stein entre Husserl et Thomas d’Aquin
Authors: Faye Michel
Published: July 2022

Edith Stein was first one of Husserl’s disciples and adopted her method of “eidetic reduction” (as a way to reach the essence of things). She then discovered Thomas of Aquinas’ metaphysics, a realism which Husserl’s later work seemed to betray. However Edith Stein’s Thomism is not a literal return to the thinking of Aquinas: indeed, her fidelity to Husserl’s essentialism drove her to a conception of being withought which the me-subject plays an essential role in the way to the knowledge of the truth. On can then wonder if the philosophical work of Edith Stein leads to a genuine synthesis between the two sources of her thinking. Our hypothesis is that saint Augustine’s metaphysics enables her to articulate the theocentrical vision of the world, coming from Thomism, and a philosophy of mind taken from Husserl, for which the truth cannot only be discovered in the interiority of her consciousness. Thus can we characterize Edith Stein’s thinking as the expression of “Augustinian Thomism”.
Edith Steins Umgang mit Krisen – Phänomenologie, Gemeinschaft und Glaube
Authors: Feldes Joachim
Published: July 2022

We focus on two crucial phases of Stein’s life: one leading her in 1922 into the communion of the Roman Catholic Church, the other one in 1933 into the Carmelite communion, both strengthening and deepening her fellowship with Jesus Christ. Neither of these steps was forced, but always had its origin in Stein’s own free decision, which bears telling similarities to Alexandre Koyré and Alfred von Sybel, as well as clear differences to Martin Heidegger and Hans Lipps. In the midst of crises Stein weighed and ventured new beginnings in spite of an uncertain future, but did so trusting to find new stable ground. Though her asking and searching was clearly individual, the answers she got and the openings she found always occurred in vivid communities, who – being focused on Christ – were both reliable and open for others. Sr. Adele Herrmann of St Mary Magdalene’s Dominican Convent in Speyer and classical biographer of Stein wrote that Stein eventually found ‘was lebt und bleibt und hält’. So the article aims at highlighting these experiences of Edith Stein’s and argues for appreciating them as her crucial legacy which should be harnessed in order to face current socio-political crises – that always concern and challenge the individual, too – and master them in a reasonable and sustainable way.
El misterio de Edith Stein
Authors: Redmond Walter
Published: July 2022

Edith Stein, an outstanding representative of the Catholic intellectual renaissance of the first half of the last century, was a “charter” member of the phenomenological school around Edmund Husserl and made key contributions to the renewed study of St. Thomas Aquinas. From a Jewish background, she entered the Catholic church and then the Carmelite order; when asked why she became a Catholic she would reply in Latin “secretum meum mihi”. I suggest, using her characteristic concepts such as “being objective” and “undergoing”, why she wished to “fuse” phenomenology and Thomism as well as how she defined the moral “weight” of daily circumstances and how she combined epistemology with Carmelite mysticism. Then with the help of St. John of the Cross, I offer an explanation of her “secret”. Finally I describe her history of recent philosophy.
Deve haver Limites para a Liberdade de Expressão?
Authors: Ferro Bernardo
Published: July 2022

Can the freedom of expression be rightfully restricted? If so, how should one distinguish between what may and may not be expressed to others? To answer these questions, I focus on the liberal approach to free speech, introduced by Kant and Stuart Mill, and discuss its main limitations. Based on this analysis, I propose a new normative framework grounded in a critical reassessment of the concept of harm. I argue that this concept must be clarified and expanded so as to cover a wider range of conflicts and that its application must take into account the diversity and the inequality that characterize the public sphere. These conclusions then lead to the identification of the forms of expression that may be legitimately curbed, along with their scope and context. The proposed solution countenances the restriction of expressive acts that contravene the right to one’s privacy, good name and physical or psychological welfare, but rejects the arbitrariness associated with the notions of offence, insult and obscenity. To be legitimate, restrictions must be directed primarily at the discourses or attitudes that might compromise the participation of their targets in the public sphere, and hence the very exercise of their freedom of expression.
O colapso do cognitivo no social: Kant à luz de Benjamin, Adorno e Horkheimer
Authors: Azevedo Henrique
Published: July 2022

This article intends to identify how the cognitive procedure of Kant’s critical philosophy is related to the enlightened principle of expanding the world. My hypothesis is that the task of the critical philosophy on knowing “how is it possible the synthetic a priori judgements?” takes to the enlargement of the faculty of judgment and the possession of objects by the intellect. Notions such as Copernican Revolution, Experience, and Space-Time are forms which cannot be seen as bare principles for knowing objects but also as elements that allow to have the world through judgments; this expresses a model of modernization as well. That was noted by the young Benjamin and the elders Adorno & Horkheimer, which, despite to have different views on Kant’s philosophy, realized its strength in a way that these principles could still be observed at the social domain in the first half of 20th century.
Felicidade e beatitude em Spinoza
Authors: Weisz Eduardo , Amorim Wellington
Published: July 2022

Contemporary society characterizes itself by a quest for material progress that is established in detriment of human subjectivity/spirituality. In this context “happiness” could mean “the over-all level of happiness of a person with his/her life”, which necessarily means a conciliation between societal quest-for-progress and human subjectivity/spirituality. The objective of the present paper is to present Spinoza’s understanding on how to achieve happiness while coping with human reality. To Spinoza, “happiness” consists in comprehending the way the world works to the point where it becomes possible to be better affected by current events. “Happiness” seems to be related to what Spinoza calls virtuous acting, acting in such a way that one’s actions are meant to be fundamented in adequate intuitive knowledge about how concrete reality works in such an introspected way that refraining apetites becomes a source of true joie de vivre (beatitudo).
Fraccionamiento químico de metales pesados y metaloides potencialmente tóxicos en lodos generados por la planta de tratamiento de agua residual Taxco de Alarcón, Guerrero, México
Authors: López-Díaz Jazmin Alaide , Alvira-Serrano Luis Alberto , Talavera-Mendoza Oscar , Sarmiento-Villagrana Alicia , Hernández-Flores Giovanni
Published: July 2022

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: i) identificar y cuantificar metales pesados y metaloides potencialmente tóxicos presentes en los lodos residuales generados por la planta de tratamiento de agua residual “Taxco de Alarcón” en Guerrero, México; ii) determinar el potencial de geodisponibilidad de los metales pesados y metaloides potencialmente tóxicos mediante una extracción química secuencial, y, iii) proporcionar una metodología detallada para realizar una digestión total y extracción química secuencial empleando lodos residuales. La metodología principal consistió en realizar una digestión total y una extracción química secuencial empleando lodos residuales. El análisis de los metales pesados y metaloides potencialmente tóxicos se realizó mediante espectroscopía de emisión atómica por plasma acoplado inductivamente. A partir de la digestión total se logró identificar y cuantificar a Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V y Zn. Siete metales pesados y metaloides potencialmente tóxicos analizados y considerados por la NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002 están presentes en los lodos en concentraciones de 51, 50, 38, 752, 153, 190 y 3,134 mg/kg (base seca) para As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni y Zn, respectivamente. Sin embargo, únicamente la concentración de As, Cd, y Zn superan el límite máximo permisible establecido por la norma para poder clasificarlos como lodos de excelente calidad. Por otro lado, el análisis de las diferentes fracciones analizadas obtenidas mediante extracción química secuencial mostró que la mayor concentración de As, Cd y Zn se encuentra principalmente asociada a las fracciones de mayor geodisponibilidad (fracción intercambiable y asociada a carbonatos). Estas concentraciones fueron 34, 34 y 1,723 mg/kg de lodos (base seca) para As, Cd y Zn, respectivamente. Finalmente, en función de los siete metales pesados y un metaloide potencialmente tóxicos analizados y de su concentración total en los lodos residuales de la planta de tratamiento de agua residual de Taxco de Alarcón, los lodos se clasifican como de buena calidad. Esto significa que los lodos residuales tienen potencial para ser aprovechados en uso urbano sin contacto público directo durante su aplicación, en usos forestales, mejoramiento de suelos o uso agrícola en la región.
Reconstruction of integrated equations of periodically driven phase-locked loop system from scalar time series
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Sysoeva Marina , Kornilov Maksim ,   Saratov Brunch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Takaishvili Lev ,   Saratov State University, Matrosov Valerij ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Sysoev Ilya ,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2022

Purpose of this work is to develop a reconstruction technique for the equations of a phase-locked loop system under periodic external driving from a scalar time series of one variable. Methods. Instead of the original model, we reconstructed a time-integrated model. So, since it is not necessary to evaluate the second derivative of the observable numerically, the method sensitivity to observation noise has significantly decreased. The external periodic driving is approximated with a trigonometric polynomial of time, the antiderivative of which is also a trigonometric polynomial. The assumption about continuity of an unknown nonlinear function is used to construct the target function for optimization. Results. It is shown that the proposed approach gives a significant advantage over the previously developed approach to the reconstruction of non-integrated equations, allowing to achieve acceptable parameter estimates with measurement noise being about 10% of the RMS deviation of the signal even in the presence of external driving. Conclusion. The described approach significantly extends the possibilities of reconstruction of phase-locked loop systems, allowing systems to be reconstructed under arbitrary periodic driving and at the same time significantly increasing noise resistance.
Modeling of adaptive counteraction of the induced biotic environment during the invasive process
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perevaryukha A.
Published: July 2022

Purpose is to develop a mathematical model for the analysis of a variant in the development of a population process with a non-trivially regulated confrontation between an invading species and a biotic environment. Relevance. The situation we are studying arises in invasive processes, but is a previously unexplored special variant of their development. The task of modeling is to describe the transition to a deep ν-shaped crisis after intensive growth. The model is based on examples of the adaptive dynamics of a bacterial colony and the suppression of mollusk populations, carriers of dangerous parasitic diseases, after targeted anti-epidemic introduction of their antagonists. Methods. In our work equations with a retarded argument in the range of parameter values that have a biological interpretation were studied. The model uses a logarithmic form of species regulation, taking into account the theoretically permissible capacity of the medium. In the equation we included the function of external influence with flexible threshold regulation relative to the current and previous population size. Results. It is shown that the proposed form of impact regulation leads to the formation of a stable adapted population after the crisis, which does not have a destructive impact on the habitat. With an increase in the reproductive potential of an invasive species, a deep crisis becomes critically dangerous. The form of the crisis passage depends on the reproductive potential, on the size of the initial group of individuals, and also on the time of activation of the adaptive counteraction from the environment. It is established that at a sufficient level of resistance, a non destructive equilibrium is established. Conclusion. The actual scenario of sudden depression of an actively spreading population with a large reproductive 𝑟-parameter, which is caused by the delayed activity of its natural antagonists, has been studied. The threshold form of biotic regulation is characteristic of insects, the abundance of which is regulated by competing species of parasitic hymenoptera. The variant of rapid phase change considered by us in the model is relevant as a description of one of the forms of developing the body’s immune response to the development of an acute infection with a significant delay. If the immune response is prematurely inhibited by the body itself, then the chronic focus of the disease persists. Examples of the dynamics of two real biological processes in experiments with biological suppression methods are given, which correspond to the invasion scenario obtained in the new model.
Comparison of Premedication with Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine on Sedation and Anxiety in Controlled Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Roy Nithisha , Gupta Neha , Gupta Alka
Published: July 2022

Background: The study is a double-blind randomized trial aiming to compare intravenous midazolam and dexmedetomidine as premedication for sedation and anxiety control in controlled hypertensive patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia.
Methods: The patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients each. Thirty minutes prior to induction, Group 1 patients received midazolam 0.02mg/kg i.v and Group 2 patients received dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg i.v in 100 ml normal saline over 10 minutes. Preoperative sedation and anxiety levels and vital parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation) were assessed for 30 min at every 5 minutes interval.
Results: Preoperative sedation was found to be better with dexmedetomidine as compared to midazolam. Decrease in anxiety was comparable in both the groups. Significant fall in heart rate was observed in dexmedetomidine group but it was within the acceptable limits for age. Mean arterial pressure was comparable in both the groups. There was no statistical difference between the groups with respect to respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine provides better sedation and good anxiety control with better maintainence of hemodynamic parameters as compared to midazolam. Thus it is a safe and effective drug to be used for premedication in controlled hypertensive patients.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes among Women Who Underwent Second Stage versus First-Stage Caesarean Delivery
Authors: Gayas Saima , Mustafa Marina , Amin Bilqees
Published: July 2022

Background: The complexity of Second-stage caesarean is due to its deep engagement of the fetal head. 2nd stage cesarean section is also associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications. To see how caesarean sections done in the second vs first phases of labor affect maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Methods: It was a one-year observational research that took place in our hospital. This study enlisted the participation of 300 women. For various reasons, 100 women received second-stage caesarean sections, whereas 200 women got first-stage caesarean sections.
Results: Women who had a caesarean birth in the second stage of labour had a higher risk of maternal morbidity, according to our findings. Fetal injury during birth (5.5 percent vs. 2.0 percent), FSB (4.5 percent vs. 2.25 percent), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (18.0 percent vs. 12.5%), neonatal sepsis (3.5 percent vs. 1.5 percent), and early neonatal mortality (3.5 percent vs. 1.5 percent) were all higher (2.0 percent vs. 2.25 percent).
Conclusion: The most common complications associated with 2nd stage caesarean delivery were intraoperative bleeding, adhesion, bladder damage, caesarian hysterectomy, perinatal hypoxia, FSB, birth trauma, NICU hospitalisation, and poor Apgar score.
Peri-Operative Anesthetic Management of a Patient with Aplastic Anemia for Total Hip Replacement: Case Report
Authors: Mahajan Shalvi , Dugg Kavita , Kumar Sanjay , Garg Shankey
Published: July 2022

Aplastic anemia is rare hematological disorder with approximate incidence 1.5-7 cases per million individuals per year. Osteonecrosis, a frequently seen in patients with aplastic anemia. With improved treatment modalities, the life expectancy of patients with aplastic anemia has increased considerably, so are the patients undergoing surgery for various pathologies. Due to rarity of the diseases, there are no specific formulated guidelines on the anesthetic management of these patients. Here, we describe successful anesthetic management of a young male patient with aplastic anemia who was posted for bilateral hip surgery.
Intra-Operative Hyperthermia in a Paediatric Patient for Duhamel’s Pull through Surgery
Authors: Sandill Surabhi , Gautam Divya , Baruah Udismita
Published: July 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Internet of Things (IoT) Applications in Hospitals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ameri Fatemeh , Sabahi Azam , Ranjbar Negar , Hoseini Seyed Reza , Khosrojerdi Reyhaneh , Rajabi Erfan , Dastani Meisam
Published: July 2022

Context: The internet of things (IoT) is a system of wireless, interconnected and digital devices that can collect and store data in a network without needing to establish human-to-human or human-to-computer interactions. Objectives: Due to the importance of adopting up-to-date technologies in hospitals and health centers, this systematic review aimed to explore all aspects of the IoT applicable in hospitals.
Methods: The present study was a systematic review conducted in 4 August 2021 according to PRISMA guidelines. The internet searches were performed to access three scientific databases of PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science using a combination of keywords, such as the IoT and hospital. Finally, the required data were extracted from original research articles investigating the IoT application in hospitals and were entered into EndNote X8 software. Quality assessment of the studies was carried out by two researchers independently.
Results: A total of 18 articles were included in the study. The application of IoT had been introduced by 13 articles as an effective method in reducing and controlling dust levels as well as improving the quality of health in wards. Moreover, the possibility of using and installing IoT systems on mobile phones as well as their application for monitoring health improvement had been investigated by two articles. The advantages of using the IoT to save time and keep users’ information confidential had also been discussed by some other reviewed articles.
Conclusions: It was concluded that the application of IoT system in hospitals increased the quality of healthcare and improved the patient satisfaction. It was also found that adopting IoT technology may have been extremely effective in controlling various hospital infections. Moreover, this technology was detected to have the true potential for improving the security of devices and databases in the hospital. Overall, the application of IoT was confirmed to increase the efficiency of hospitals and health centers.
The Association between Sleep Pattern with Lipid Profile and Obesity among Adults in Yazd: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Shahedieh Cohort Study
Authors: Momayyezi Mahdieh , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Fakhravari Leila , Mirzaei Masoud
Published: August 2022

Background: Lifestyle changes, such as changes in sleep patterns and insufficient sleep have led to an increase in obesity and hyperlipidemia. The present study was conducted to investigate the association between abnormal lipid profile and obesity with sleep pattern among adult in Yazd adults in Shahedieh cohort study.
Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out on the data of the enrollment phase of Shahedieh cohort study conducted in Yazd Greater Area during 2015-2017. In this study, all adults aged 35-70 years from Shahedieh, Zarch, and Ashekzar cities were investigated. The data used in this study included demographic and sleep variables, as well as triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c).
Results: The results showed that 4765 participants were male, and 4768 were female, and most of the them were overweight (42.4%) or obese (34.2%). The results showed that long-term sleep (> 8 hours at night) is correlated with high serum TC (P = 0.009) and TG (P = 0.009). Sleep latency is related with an increase in TC (r=0.03, P = 0.004), TG (r=0.04, P = 0.001), and LDL-c (r = 0.04, P = 0.001). Moreover, the duration of daytime sleep increases by increasing TG (r = 0.06, P = 0.001) and decreasing HDL-c (r = -0.07, P = 0.001). The results also showed that TG were significantly higher in people with periodic limb movement in sleep (P = 0.02). The number of people who used sleeping pills increased by increasing TG (P = 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) decreased by increasing sleep duration (P = 0.21).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that long-term sleep increases TC and TG. The findings showed a correlation between long sleep duration and decreased BMI.
The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and the Consumption of some Supplements
Authors: Gholami Somaye , Hazar Narjes , Bagheri-Fahraji Behnam , Azizi Reyhaneh , Ghadiri-Anari Akram , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Ghelmani Seyed Yaser , Mirzaei Masoud , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid
Published: August 2022

Background: Beneficial effects of vitamins and dietary supplements in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MS) are controversial. This study aims to evaluate the association between dietary supplements intake and MS.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 9539 people aged 35-70 years who participated in the recruitment phase of Shahedieh Cohort Study in Yazd-Iran (May 2015 to September 2017). The consumption of supplements, such as multivitamin-mineral, multivitamin, calcium-D, calcium, vitamin D, folic acid, omega 3, iron, and zinc were asked in the study. the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria used for defining MS.
Results: 4785 (50.2%) men and 4754 (49.8%) women with mean age of 47.64 ± 9.60 years participated in this study. The prevalence of MS was 2901 (30.41%). The participants with MS were significantly different in consuming supplements, such as Calcium-D (P < 0.001), Calcium (P < 0.001), Calcium-D or Calcium products (P = 0.001), vitamin D; injection (P = 0.017) and vitamin D orally or injection (P = 0.005), Omega 3, fish oil (P = 0.001), and at least one supplement intake (P = 0.001). However, the relationship between MS and supplement consumption was not significant after adjusting for covariates in the multivariate regression model.
Conclusion: Multiple factors may be responsible for the high prevalence of MS. It seems that a known supplement may not be the pathologic factor in the MS.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Changes in Food Choice, Purchase, and Consumption Patterns in the World: A Review Study
Authors: Dolati Sepideh , Hariri Far Alemeh , Mollarasouli Zahra , Imani Ali
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious disruption to food security in the world. Declining incomes, purchasing power, and food production and rising prices in the food supply and consumption chain have affected and increased the risk of food insecurity, the most important consequence of which is the worsening of world hunger and malnutrition. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2019 in Wuhan, and its spread around the world has caused major changes in people's lives; one of the most important affected areas is the food and nutrition sector. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in food choice, purchase, and consumption.
Methods: Keywords "food", "nutrition", "choice or select", "buy or purchase", "consumption" and "behavior" in combination with the word "COVID-19" were used to search for English articles in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. All articles from the beginning of the pandemic to the end of May 2021 were included in this study. After deleting some studies due to non-English language, duplication, inconsistency with the intended purpose, and being reviewed, 25 articles entered the final phase.
Results: The results indicate that forced quarantine and travel restrictions with the formation of new nutritional behaviors have affected the quality of nutrition of different populations. It has positive consequences, such as reducing ready meals and fast foods, increasing attention to nutrients to promote and maintain health and reduce food waste. The negative consequences include increased intake of snacks, high-calorie foods, canned foods, and processed meats in some countries.
Conclusion: Decreased nutritional quality from this pandemic can have adverse effects on public health. More detailed studies are needed to examine the impact of quarantine on food choice, purchase, and consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic.