bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production potential, sustainability and energetics of groundnut based intercropping systems in Upper Krishna Project command area of Karnataka
Authors: S N HONNALI  , B M CHITTAPUR
Published: October 2023

The field experiment conducted to evaluate the productivity and energetics of groundnut based intercropping systems during rabi/summer in UKP (Upper Krishna Project) command area of Karnataka revealed higher groundnut equivalent yield (GEY, 2.40 and 2.41 t/ha, respectively), monetary returns (Gross returns ` 84045 and ` 84180, net returns ` 64522 and ` 64220, and B:C ratio of 3.29 and 3.21, respectively) and energy output (12.61 x 106 and 12.82 x 106 K cal/ha, respectively) with groundnut + sesame in 4:2 and 5:1 row proportions followed by groundnut + maize in 4:2 row ratio (2.19 t/ha GEY, ` 76531 gross returns, ` 55981 net returns, 2.73 B:C ratio, and 16.15 x 106 K cal/ha energy output). Groundnut + sunflower was not advantageous over sole groundnut (2.01 and 1.99 t/ha yield equivalent, ` 68786 gross returns, ` 49058 net returns, 2.49 B:C ratio, and 11.14 x 106 K cal/ha energy yield). While, sole crops of maize, sunflower and sesame were poor in their productivity in comparison to groundnut. Thus, on-farm groundnut crop diversification through intercropping was advantageous during rabi/summer in UKP command area of Karnataka.
Influence of pre and post-emergence herbicides in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: P M VAGHASIA  , V B BHALU  , R H KAVANI
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh for three consecutive years during 2007-08 to 2009-10 to evaluate pre and post-emergence herbicides in rainy season groundnut. The experiment comprising nine weed control treatments of pre and post-emergence herbicides along with weedy check and weed free check was conducted in Randomised Block Design with three replications on medium clay soils with pH 7.9. The experimental field was infested with Echinochloa spp., Dinebra retroflexa, Digitaria sanguinalis, Indigofera glandulosa, Commelina benghalensis, Phyllanthus niruri, Euphorbia hirta, Digera arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Tridax procumbens and Cyperus rotundus. Among the monocots and sedges, Echinochloa spp. and Cyperus rotundus were predominant. Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod, haulm and kernel yield (2773, 3934 and 1997 kg/ha, respectively). Among the herbicidal treatments, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded the lowest monocot (3.81/m2), dicot (3.63/m2), sedges (3.83/m2) weed density, dry weight of weeds (133 g/m2), weed control efficiency (84.2%) at 60 DAS and weed index (4.6%). The same treatment combination recorded significantly higher dry pod yield (2645 kg/ha), haulm yield (3424 kg/ha), kernel yield (1902 kg/ha), gross return (` 66360/ha), net return (`42190/ha) and B:C ratio (2.75).
Development and utility of online knowledge repository of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Agropedia platform
Authors: P PADMAVATHI
Published: October 2023

The development of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) knowledge repository in the larger platform of Agropedia is discussed in this paper. Agropedia is an open platform which facilitates exchange and delivery of information between the agricultural community through a web portal and mobile phone networks accessible to phones with limited data capability. The reasons and requirements for development of such web portal in general and safflower in particular and the requirement of semantic search in Agropedia were discussed. Safflower knowledge model is one among different knowledge models of cereals, pulses and horticultural crops. The need for development of safflower knowledge model and different steps involved in development, different methods of searching the content were discussed. Extension workers can access the content available in Agropedia web portal to advise the farmers with respect to improved technologies in safflower cultivation for obtaining higher crop productivity.
GJG-9: A high yielding and stem rot tolerant Spanish bunch groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety for Gujarat state
Authors: K L DOBARIYA  , J H VACHHANI  , L L JIVANI  , V H KACHHADIA  , H G SHEKHAT
Published: October 2023

A Spanish bunch groundnut genotype GJG-9 was identified based on the mean pod yield from the state level trials. It has recorded higher pod yield of 1632 kg/ha as compared to the checks viz., GG-2 (1255 kg/ha), GG-5 (1355 kg/ha) and GG-7 (1413 kg/ha). The genotype was also tested in Spanish bunch trials of AICRPG and performed better than GG-2 by 9.95% and 12.20% during kharif, 2007 and 2008, respectively with a mean increase of 11.00%. But, it was comparable with GG-7 and TG-37A. Average kernel yield of GJG-9 was 1183 kg/ha as against the checks viz., GG-2 (935 kg/ha), GG-5 (997 kg/ha) and GG-7 (1026 kg/ha). GJG-9 had recorded an average 100 kernel weight of 36.89 g, average 100 pod weight of 96.70 g and average shelling out-turn of 72.49%. The reaction against tikka, rust and collar rot, the variety was comparable to the check varieties under field conditions. However, GJG-9 was found tolerant to the stem rot as compared to the check varieties. Whereas, the damage due to thrips and jassids of GJG-9 was comparable to the check varieties. Based on the superior performance, GJG-9 has been released in 2010 for general cultivation in the kharif bunch groundnut growing areas of Gujarat State.
Seed rate and row spacing effect on yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. trilocularis) under rainfed conditions
Authors: K THAKURIA  , C THAKURIA
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2010-11 at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the effect of four seed rates (4, 6, 8 and 10 kg/ha) and two row spacings (30 and 40 cm) on the productivity of yellow sarson. Increasing the seed rate from 4 to 10 kg/ha increased the growth, yield attributes and yield of yellow sarson, however, the differences among the seed rates 6, 8 and 10 kg/ha were not significant. Out of the two row spacings, the closer row spacing of 30 cm recorded significantly higher seed yield and harvest index over the wider row spacing of 40 cm. The oil content was not affected significantly due to different seed rates and row spacings.
Molecular variability of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini isolates by RAPD analysis
Authors: MOHD AKRAM  , P K SINGH  , JYOTI SINGH  , R L SRIVASTAVA
Published: October 2023

Seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini collected from different linseed growing areas in India were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction. Two isolates (FOL 1 and FOL 2) found non-pathogenic to linseed crop. Twenty random decamer primers were used for amplification. All the primers revealed scorable polymorphism among the isolates and a total of 156 bands were recorded. Amplification patterns of non-pathogenic Fusarium isolates were entirely distinct from those of pathogenic isolates. Seventeen primers generated isolate specific bands which would be highly useful in the identification and characterization of Fusarium isolates. RAPD markers showed substantial genetic diversity among the different isolates with maximum of 0.89 between FOL1 and FOL6. UPGMA cluster analysis was used to generate a dendogram showing relationship between them. Isolates were clustered in to three groups corresponding to their genetic similarity and physiological reactions. RAPD markers can be quick and reliable alternative for differentiating isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. liniin to different groups.
Extent of awareness, knowledge and adoption of different farm machinery by the groundnut farmers in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: C HRUDAY RANJAN  , P V SATYA GOPAL  , V SAILAJA  , S V PRASAD
Published: October 2023

Andhra Pradesh shares about one-third of groundnut area of the country and occupies third place in production contributing 18.8% of production in the country. In Andhra Pradesh, Chittoor district ranks second in the area and production under groundnut. Keeping this in consideration present study was conducted among groundnut farmers with a view to study extent of awareness, knowledge and adoption of different farm machinery used in groundnut cultivation in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh with a sample of 120 farmers. Results unveiled that nearly half of the groundnut farmers were having medium extent of awareness, slightly more than half of the farmers having medium extent of knowledge and with respect to extent of adoption nearly forty three per cent of the farmers were having medium level of adoption. Depending upon the extent of awareness, knowledge and adoption of different farm machinery used by the groundnut farmers were ranked in terms of their awareness, knowledge and adoption.
Niger improvement : Current status and future strategies
Authors: A K PANDAY  , S SHARMA  , R BISEN  , S JAIN  , M MALVIYA  , A R G RANGANATHA
Published: October 2023

The present research efforts of breeding are reviewed in relation to the potential, considering the niger cultivation by resource poor farmers. The history of domestication and the diversity in the plant genetic resources is critically analysed for the formulation of crop improvement strategies with the emphasis on enhancing the average low yield levels in India and in the African subcontinent. The utilization of primary gene pool and the potential uses of wild species are included. Niger improvement is analysed considering population improvement, development of superior inbreds and future strategies for hybrid development. Further biotechnology, mutation and resistance breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses are considered for the production of agronomic types with wider adaptation. Niger being a cross pollinated crop, where seed quality is a serious concern, maintenance breeding and nucleus seed production is covered in detail, since 30-50 per cent productivity improvement can be realised, easily through the intervention of quality seed supply. The production and protection technologies are reviewed for improvement in niger productivity. The potential areas for future line of research are indicated for productivity improvement in niger.
Genetic parameters and correlations for seed yield and morphological characters in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss.]
Authors: C P MEENA  , J S CHAUHAN  , M SINGH  , K H SINGH  , S S RATHORE  , M L MEENA
Published: October 2023

The present investigation was carried out during rabi season of 2007-08 with 60 germplasm accessions of Indian mustard from China, India and Australia and 5 check varieties. The material was grown in an augmented block design to assess heritability, genetic advance for seed yield and other morphological characters and their inter se relationships. Significant mean sum of squares indicated genotypic differences for all the characters investigated except protein content. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for secondary branches/plant, siliqua length, 1000-seed weight, seed yield/plant and harvest index indicating dominant role of additive gene action in their inheritance. Thus, selection would be effective for their improvement in early segregating generations. Seed yield/plant had significant and positive correlations with secondary branches/plant, main shoot length and siliquae on main shoot. The genetic correlations of seed yield with these characters were also positive and of moderate to high strength suggesting that for yield enhancement in Indian mustard greater emphasis in the selection programme should be laid on these component characters.
Biochemical composition of whole seed, decorticated seed and seed coat in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) of different seed coat colours
Authors: SEEMA PAROHA  , APOORVA BHARGAV  , ANJAY TRIPATHI  , SUBHASHSHRI GARG  , VIRENDRA KAWRETI  , A R G RANGANATHA
Published: October 2023

Biochemical analysis of whole seed, decorticated seed and seed coat of different coloured varieties of sesame were studied. Maximum oil content in whole and decorticated seed was recorded in white seeds (47.5 and 51%, respectively). Light brown seed coat showed maximum oil content (15.0%). Minimum free fatty acid (FFA) content in whole seed was recorded in white seeds (0.62%) and maximum in dark brown seeds (1.71%). The decorticated black seed contained minimum FFA content (2.13%), white seed coat the lowest (0.85%). Highest FFA content in the seed coat was exhibited by light brown seeds (1.96%). Minimum oxalic acid in whole seeds was in white (0.82%). The white and dark brown decorticated seeds contained minimum oxalic acid (0.88%). Seed coat of all the varieties viz., black (2.65%), light brown (2.15%), dark brown (2.10%) and white (1.84%) exhibited the higheroxalic acid than whole and decorticated seed. The highest protein was found in whole and decorticated seed of white (18.35 and 16.45%, respectively), whereas seed coat of all the varieties contained one-fourth protein content of the whole and decorticated seeds. White (5.60 mg/kg) and black (5.65 mg/kg) seeds were found almost at par for desirable sesamol, an antioxidant, in whole seed. The decorticated seed of black (6.35 mg/kg) and white (6.15 mg/kg) seeds of sesame exhibited the highest sesamol, whereas the maximum of 6.95 mg/kg in white seeds.
Moisture dependent postharvest physical and textural characteristics of brown sesame seed (var. TMV-4)
Authors: M R MANIKANTAN  , T ARUL SELVAM  , RAJIV SHARMA  , PANKAJ KUMAR  , T SEERANGURAYAR
Published: October 2023

Physical and textural characteristics are important in design and manufacturing of harvest and post harvest machines. Some postharvest physical and textural characteristics of brown sesame seed (var. TMV-4) were determined as a function of moisture content in the range of 4.3 per cent to 20 per cent (d.b). The axial dimensions, geometric mean diameter, surface area, volume, sphericity and aspect ratio were found to be increasing linearly for all studied moisture levels. Furthermore, the thousand seed mass, true density, porosity and the angle of repose also increased linearly whereas, bulk density decreased linearly with the increase of moisture content under study. The results showed that the static coefficient of friction on four different surfaces of plywood, mild steel, galvanized iron and glass also increased linearly for all level of moisture. The initial cracking force, average rupture force and average rupture energy decreased linearly with increased moisture content of 4.3 to 20 per cent (d.b.).
Interaction and tolerance to Alternaria brassicae in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) genotypes
Authors: P D MEENA  , MANJU BALA  , PANKAJ SHARMA  , DHIRAJ SINGH
Published: October 2023

The biochemical changes were observed in leaves of Indian mustard tolerant (EC-399301, EC-399296, EC-399299, PHR-2) and susceptible (Varuna) genotypes infected with Alternaria blight (AB) caused by Alternaria brassicae at critical stage (75 days after sowing) of disease development. The presence of metabolites in infected B. juncea leaves such as glucosinolate (µ moles), phenol (mg/g), sugar (mg/g), protein (mg/g), carotenoids (µg/g) and chlorophyll (mg/g) were highly associated with the fungal infection. As compared to the susceptible check Varuna, level of glucosinolate, sugar, carotenoids and chlorophyll were decreased in tolerant hosts' leaves after pathogen infection. Although, the phenol and protein content in tolerant and susceptible genotypes were increased in AB infected leaves than healthy leaves. Our findings are discussed within the context of A. brassicae-B. juncea interaction and tolerance to this pathogen. The results indicated that factors conditioning the host response to A. brassicae might be the outcome of complex biochemical changes operated in host genotypes.
In vitro evaluation of fungicides and bio-control agents against sunflower collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii)
Authors: NITESH DATT  , ANIL KUMAR  , A S RATHI
Published: October 2023

The efficacy of different fungicides against Sclerotium rolfsii was tested using poison food technique under in vitro conditions and through seed treatment in screen house. Efficacy of fungicides in vitro against S. rolfsii showed that carboxin, vitavax power and hexaconazole completely inhibited mycelial growth up to 100 per cent at 100 ppm concentration. Thiram inhibited 95.8 per cent and propiconazole inhibited 98.1 per cent at 1000 ppm. Captan inhibited 80.6 per cent at 1000 ppm while, carbendazim only inhibited 18.5 per cent at 1000 ppm. Pencycuron have failed to show antifungal activity against S. rolfsii even at 1000 ppm. Evaluation of bio-agents against S. rolfsii in vitro revealed that Trichoderma harzianum showed maximum antifungal activity with 70.1 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth followed by T. viride (63.1%) and Bacillus spp. (53.7%). Seed treatment with fungicides and soil treatment with bio-agents significantly reduced the disease incidence of collar rot. Maximum collar rot control was found by carboxin (73.9%) followed by vitavax power (69.9%) and thiram (69.4%) by seed treatment under screen house conditions. For the bio-agents, T. harzianum showed maximum control of the disease (40.8%) followed by Bacillus spp. (36.9%) and T. viride (34.6%) in comparison to control.
Checklist of insect pests and natural enemies associated with groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ecosystem in Anaimalai tract of Tamil Nadu
Authors: T SRINIVASAN  , R ARUL PRAKASH
Published: October 2023

Fixed and roving surveys were conducted at Coconut Research Station, Aliyarnagar and Anaimalai tract of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu to study the insect pests and natural enemy complex of groundnut ecosystem. Results of the study revealed the occurrence of 32 species of insect pests and 13 species of natural enemies. Among the insect pests, only five viz., Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Empoasca kerri and Aphis craccivora were considered as major pests. Nine insect pests were considered as minor, while 18 were noticed as spot occurrence. The leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii population was noticed only during kharif season. Among the 13 species of natural enemies, coccinellid beetles viz., Coccinella transversalis and Cheilomenes sexmaculatus were dominant.
Productivity potential and profitability of castor (Ricinus communis L.) with sprinkler irrigation
Authors: M PADMAIAH  , G D S KUMAR
Published: October 2023

In Andhra Pradesh, Amrabad Mandal in Mahabubnagar district was inhabited predominantly by Chenchus. They depend on forest produce for their livelihood. The area under castor gradually came down in these villages due to erratic rains and inadequate irrigation. Farmers felt the need for an efficient water management system for castor. Castor crop was re-introduced in to these villages with sprinkler irrigation with Tribal Sub Plan. The productivity potential and profitability of castor increased with sprinkler system as compared to flood irrigation. The factors for ready adoption of sprinklers were delineated such as limited availability of water, controlling of irrigation depth increased crop yield and converting rainfed area to irrigated area. Adoption of sprinkler irrigation have changed the economic dependence on money lenders, improved the input use in castor and increased the gross monetary returns to the Chenchu farmers.
Sensory characteristics of different stages of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaves and leaf powder incorporated products
Authors: E SUNEEL KUMAR  , APARNA KUNA  , P PADMAVATHI  , CH V DURGA RANI  , T SUPRAJA  , SUPTA SARKAR
Published: October 2023

Safflower leaves from four cultivars during different stages of crop growth (30, 50, 70 and 90 days) were incorporated to develop two traditional productsi.e.,safflowerleaves(35%)incorporated roti(SFLR) and safflower leaf powder(15%)incorporated "karampodi" (SLKP). Sensory evaluation was carried out on a 9 point hedonic scale for both the products. Results of sensory evaluation revealed that 35% incorporation of safflower leaves in SFLR and 15% incorporation ofsafflowerleaf powderin SLKP products had high scoresfor overall acceptability and there was not much difference in sensory attributes among the cultivars used in the study. It was observed that safflower leaf powder "karam podi" was liked more in all the sensory parameters as compared to safflower leaves roti. It can also be inferred that fresh leaves from non-spiny varieties such as NARI-6 can be consumed up to 90 days where as spiny varieties of safflower such as Annigeri-1, Manjira and TSF-1 can be well acceptable up to 50 days. The spiny varieties can be consumed up to 70th day also, due to their nutrient composition, but should be incorporated at a level lesser than 35% or can be tested in othersuitable recipes. Spiny varieties ofsafflower leaves during 70 days of crop growth, when used as powder will not have any detrimental effects of sensory properties.
Development of new sources of male sterility in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) : Limitations and opportunities
Authors: H P MEENA
Published: October 2023

Cytopasmic male sterility (CMS) is a reasonably common characteristic of higher plants. The discovery of a stable source of CMS was the first step towards the practical use of heterosis in sunflower. The second step was the discovery of fertility restoration gene(s). The first CMS (CMS89) in sunflower was reported in descendants of an interspecific hybrid between Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. and cultivated sunflower (the variety Armavirskiy-9345). Although CMS89 or its derivatives are used to produce all commercial sunflower hybrids, more than 72 additional sources ofsunflower CMS have been described by variousscientists. Male sterility may have multiple causes. It can result from adverse growth conditions, from diseases, or from mutations. In this paper, CMS sources obtained by different methods like hybridization (both intraspecific and interspecific crosses), mutagenesis, chemical and spontaneous occurrence of male sterility as well as limitations and opportunities of diverse CMS sources in sunflower were discussed.
Influence of integrated nutrient management practices on productivity and economics of soybean-safflower cropping system on vertisols of Marathwada region
Authors: G M KOTE  , S B GHUGE  , C B PATIL  , S A SHINDE
Published: October 2023

An experiment on soybean-safflower cropping systemconsisting offour main treatments for soybean viz., 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), 50% RDF + 3.5 t/ha safflower residues, 50% RDF + 2.5 t/ha FYM + 3.5 t/ha safflower residues and 5 t FYM/ha + 3.5 t/ha safflower along and five sub plot treatments for safflower viz., 100% RDF, 50% RDF + 6 t FYM/ha, 50% RDF + 3 t/ha soybean residues/ha, 50% RDF + 3 t FYM/ha + 3 t soybean residues/ha and 6 t FYM/ha+ 3 t soybean residues/ha was conducted at research farm of AICRP on Safflower, VNMKV, Parbhani during kharif and rabi seasons of 2010-11 to 2013-14. The results showed that application of 100% RDF and 50% RDF + 2.5 t FYM/ha + 3.5 t safflower/ha residues to soybean were at par and recorded significantly higher safflower equivalent yield, gross monetary returns and net monetary returns than other treatments. Further, application of 100% NPK was found to have given significantlysafflower equivalent yield, gross monetary returns and net monetary returns besides B:C ratio. Next best treatment was application 50% NPK + 3t/ha FYM + 3t/ha soybean residues to soybean.
Variation of oil content and fatty acid composition of Millettia pinnata (L.) progenies in Tamil Nadu
Authors: B PALANIKUMARAN  , K T PARTHIBAN  , R JUDE SUDHAGAR  , S VENNILA
Published: October 2023

Thirty progenies of Millettia pinnata commonly known as 'Pungam' were studied for seed, oil quality as well as fatty acid profile. Among the progenies, only one progeny viz., FCRIMP 2 consistently expressed superiority in all seed characteristics viz., pod length (5.56 cm), pod width (2.98 cm), seed length (2.81 cm), seed width (2.20 cm), 100-seed weight (129.63 g), germination per cent (89.67%), germination value (11.07), peak value (3.45) and oil content (37.50 %). Among the thirtyprogenies, only nine progenies viz., FCRIMP 2 (37.50%), FCRIMP 3 (33.50%), FCRIMP 4 (37.50%), FCRIMP 6 (33.50%), FCRIMP 12 (34.50%), FCRIMP 15 (35.50%), FCRIMP 22 (34.50%), FCRIMP 24 (33.50%) and FCRIMP 25 (35.50%) recorded higher oil content. The analysis offatty acid composition revealed that the major fatty acid was oleic acid (12.02 to 12.39%) followed by palmitic acid (1.30-2.65%) and stearic acid (0.12-0.68%).
Genetic variability for fresh seed dormancy in Spanish bunch advanced breeding lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: NARENDRA KUMAR  , B C AJAY  , A L RATHANAKUMAR  , T RADHAKRISHNAN  , CHUNI LAL  , M Y SAMDUR  , R K MATHUR  , P MANIVEL  , B M CHIKANI
Published: October 2023

A study was carried out to identify genotypes possessing fresh seed dormancy in Spanish bunch genetic background. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for fresh seed dormancy at all the stages. Among the three parameters of fresh seed dormancy, only intensity of fresh seed dormancy at weekly interval instead of only at 7 days after sowing was found very important parameter to identify ideal sources of fresh seed dormancy in Spanish types. Two years results revealed that seven genotypes viz., PBS-12190, PBS-12191, PBS-12192, PBS-12171, PBS-12187, PBS-12189 and TPG-41 were the best genotypes which recorded average more than 90 per cent intensity of fresh seed dormancy for 21 days and these also had 100 per cent fresh seed dormancy at 7 DAS except PBS-12191, PBS-12171 and PBS-12189. However three genotypes PBS-12200, PBS-12200B and PBS-12201 also had more than 90 per cent fresh seed dormancy for 14 days. Therefore, these genotypes were identified as new sources of fresh seed dormancy with high intensity and high degree of fresh seed dormancy for over 2-3 weeks. These genotypes could be used as donor parents in breeding programmes to develop high yielding Spanish bunch varieties with 3-4 week fresh seed dormancy in groundnut.
Oilseed based cropping systems productivity in response to land configuration practices in Vertisols under rainfed conditions
Authors: P PADMAVATHI  , I Y L N MURTHY  , K ALIVELU
Published: October 2023

Five oilseed based cropping systems[fallow-safflower; pearl millet-chickpea+safflower(3:1);fallow-sunflower; soybean-sunflower and soybean + pigeonpea (4:2)] which are popular in Vertisols were evaluated in four land configuration practices in broad bed and furrow system. The amount of rainfall received during cropping season (June-March) was 1009 mm. Crops did not suffer from moisture stress. Land configuration practices did not differ statistically in influencing the cropping systems productivity. Among the different oilseed based cropping systems, soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) recorded significantly the highest system productivity (4625 kg/ha). The system productivity of other four were in the order of double cropping of soybean-sunflower (3175 kg/ha) > millet chickpea+safflower (1513 kg/ha) > fallow-sunflower (1488 kg/ha) > fallow-safflower (1200 kg/ha).
Rice bran oil, a hitherto untapped source to meet the edible oil deficit in India
Authors: P D SREEKANTH  , P MADHURI
Published: October 2023

India is the world's fourth largest edible oil producer, it is the world's leading importer and consumer of edible oils in the world. The annual per capita consumption of edible oil in the country shot up from around 3 kg in 1950 to 15.9 kg during 2015-16. The continued demand for edible oils by the ever increasing population makes edible oil deficit as a perennial national problem. Therefore, it is pertinent to explore new, unconventional edible oil sources to meet country's ever growing edible oil demands. Of several available options, rice bran oil has potential to jazz up the edible oil deficit, thus making India self-sufficient. Nutritional and toxicological evaluations of rice bran oil proved that this is a healthier option and an attempt has been made in this direction to assess the available untapped rice bran oil reserves at state and county level for rapidly filling up the edible oil supply-demand deficit.
Studies on morpho-metric traits in some triploids of Arachis
Authors: A MOTHILAL  , N MANIVANNAN  , L RATHNAKUMAR  , A EZHIL
Published: October 2023

Four triploids viz., Arachis hypogaea L. Cv. VRI 3 x A. diogoi, A. hypogaea L. Cv. VRI 3 x A. benensis, A.hypogaea L. Cv. JL 24 x A. diogoi and A. hypogaea L. Cv. JL 24 x A. benensis were studied along with their respective parents for various vegetative and reproductive traits. Most of the triploids are erect in growth habit with reduced petiole length, stipule length and leaflet size. The triploids produced few flowers with orange standard petals. Pollen fertility percentage ranged from 5.0 to 6.5 in the triploids.
Influence of integrated use of microbial inoculants and inorganic fertilizers on growth and nutrient dynamics of oil palm seedlings
Authors: VEERAMACHANENI SUNEETHA  , K RAMACHANDRUDU
Published: October 2023

Nurseryexperiment was conducted to observe influence ofmicrobial fertilizers on growth and nutrient dynamics of oil palm (Elaeis guineencies Jacq.) seedlings for two years. Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus megaterium, Frateuria aurantia and Glomus aggregatum were used individually, combinedly and integrated with chemical fertilizers. Promising results for seedling height, leaves, root volume and dry matter were recorded under microbial fertilizers+25% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers. Maximum availability of organic carbon, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and boron with microbial fertilizers+25% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, potassiumin Frateuria aurantia and calciumand magnesiuminAzospirillum brasilense were observed in potting mixture. Similarly, significant enhancement in total uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc by seedlings with microbial fertilizers+25% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers. Integrated use of microbial fertilizers with lower dose of chemical fertilizers played a significant role in enhancing growth, soil fertility and nutrient uptake.
Price behaviour of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in major markets of India
Authors: BHOOMI SUTHAR  , R S PUNDIR  , VIJAY BALDODIYA
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is the major oil seed crop in India and it is growing many states of the country. Market integration concept explain the relationship between the markets that are spatially or temporally separated. The study was based on secondary data from 2002 to 2019. Mandies were selected namely, Gondal and Rajkot (Gujarat), Bikaner and Chomu (Rajasthan), Avalurpet and Tindivanam (Tamil Nadu), Adoni and Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh), Yadgir and Laxmeshwar (Karnataka). Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF), Johansen'Co-integration, Vector Error Correction Model and Granger Causality test were used analysis. The results of ADF showed that original series were non stationary and after differencing the series at order one it became stationary. It was found that nine groundnut markets were found cointegrated among ten markets. The results of vector error correction showed that the estimated short-term coefficients of the groundnut markets in Adoni, Chomu, Kurnool, and Laxmeshwar were 5.39 per cent, 16.78 per cent, 8.54 per cent, and 11.04 per cent, respectively, and they were corrected within a month by changes in their own prices, with the remainder influenced by other market forces. Prices of groundnut in Gondal market had bidirectional causality with Bikaner, Kurnool, Laxmeshwar, Rajkot and Yadgir markets.
Using of Digital Applications to Transform Project Management Processes and Manage Data in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors:   Almaty Management University, Kazakhstan, Omarov Timur , Taikulakova Gulnura ,   Almaty Management University, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2023

The oil and gas sector is going through a digital transformation to maximize profits, deploying technologies such as Industry 4.0, cloud computing, IIoT, and systems integration. This study focuses on the use of digital applications specifically designed to enhance project management processes and data management, with a particular focus on work turnarounds in oil and gas company located in Kazakhstan. These innovative digital applications offer a way to facilitate efficient planning and analysis, adhering to the Minimum Functional Objectives (MFO) culture. That’s how they play a pivotal role in optimizing expenditures, preventing mishaps, and improving overall operational efficiency. However, the successful implementation of these applications is often hindered by several challenges, including the lack of appropriate digital platforms, a shortage of personnel trained in digital technology use, and a limited understanding and implementation of the MFO culture. This paper proposes a comprehensive suite of digital applications, encompassing Salesforce, TA Notes, TA Pro, PWC & A, and Mistras. These applications are specifically designed to improve the planning and execution of work, thereby playing a vital role in the digital transformation of project management processes in the oil and gas industry. The paper also underscores the potential of these technologies to revolutionize project management, while also discussing the challenges to their implementation and providing actionable solutions to overcome these hurdles.
Analysis of Research and Development Performance Indicators of the European Union and Serbia
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, Lukić Radojko
Published: October 2023

The aim of this article is to review the position of certain countries of the European Union (EU) and Serbia with regard to the development of research and development activities in the function of strengthening in the future by applying relevant measures. The research of the treated problem in this paper is based on the application of the modern multi-criteria decision-making method known as the LMAW-DNMA method. Research on the performance indicators of research and development of the countries of the European Union and Serbia using the LMAW-DNMA method showed that the top five countries of the European Union in terms of research and development are in order: Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Serbia is positioned in twenty-third place (Croatia twenty-seventh place, Slovenia twenty-fourth place). Therefore, the leading countries of the European Union are at the top in terms of research and development.
Exploring the Relationship Among Dimensions of Human Resource Organization Flexibility on Employee Engagement
Authors:   J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India, Goyal Komal , Nigam Ashutosh ,   J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India, Goyal Neha ,   J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India
Published: October 2023

The corporate world is renowned for its structured, scheduled workplace setting, which can pose challenges for workers to succeed. Companies that provide a flexible and positive environment tend to have better staff engagement. Therefore, this study aims to test the relationship between the four dimensions of HR (human resource) flexibility (Resource flexibility in HR practices, and employee skill behavior, and coordination flexibility in HR practices and employee skill behavior) with employee engagement. The proposed study gathered 267 responses from IT (information technology) employees and data were analyzed using AMOS v22 software. Findings revealed employee engagement has a strong positive relationship with the four dimensions of human resource flexibility which account for 92% of the variance, except a negligible correlation discovered between employee engagement and coordination flexibility in human resource practices. the findings of this study act as a strategic tool for HR practitioners to design their organization environment in such a way that fosters employee engagement.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF HEREDITARY THROMBOPHILIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN COMBAT INJURY
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation, Varavin Nikita Alexeyevich , Bardakova Diana Alexandrovna ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation, Santakov Alexander Aleksandrovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Combat trauma is one of the factors that cause impaired hemostasis in the wounded. Currently, there is not enough information about the significance of hereditary thrombophilia in the development of venous thromboembolic complications in the wounded. Target. Study of the effect of polymorphism of the genes of the components of the hemostasis system on the development of venous thrombosis in the wounded with a combat injury. Materials and methods. The prospective study included young men (n=81) (mean age 36.0 ± 8.5 years) who received a combat wound and were treated at the Military Medical Academy. CM. Kirov. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: the main group included 40 patients (49.4%) who were diagnosed with venous thrombosis during treatment, the control group included 41 patients without signs of thrombosis (50.6%). The study of allelic polymorphism of genes associated with the process of thrombus formation was carried out using a real-time polymerase chain reaction based on the study of human DNA in peripheral blood material. Results. In a comparative analysis, no statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of the studied genetic variants between the study group and the control group. When assessing the prevalence of polymorphisms in the MTHFR and MTRR genes, it was found that the combination of the MTHFR 677 CT and MTRR 66 GG genotypes is associated with an 8.5-fold increase in the risk of developing venous thromboembolic complications [OR=8.5; p=0.029]. Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results showed that, despite the high prevalence (the presence of prothrombogenic alleles of various genes was detected in 79 military personnel (97.5%)), it was not possible to establish a relationship between individual genetic variants and the risk of developing venous thrombosis in the studied group of wounded. At the same time, it has been shown that the combination of the MTHFR 677 CT and MTRR 66 GG genotypes is associated with a significant increase in the risk of thrombosis.
Real-Time Energy Consumption Sensing System in SMT Intelligent Workshop
Authors: PEI Fengque , LI Zhi , DI Wei , MEI Song , SONG Haojie
Published: October 2023

How to ensure the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goal is a crucial problem for China with good performance, low cost and limited time. As a pillar industry, the manufacturing industry need offer more great potential helps. In this paper, for the intelligent workshop, firstly, an energy consumption architecture, based on mutual inductance sensing technology & a multi-granularity production line energy consumption modeling, is put forward. Secondly, the device-level sensing technology demonstrates the detailed implementation for the multi working condition machines whose power is unknown. And then, the research devoted the basic aspects of the proposed multi-granularity production line energy consumption modeling and summarized the implementation elements of 3-matrix (the attribute attributes, power attributes and cumulative timing attributes).  Above the 2 sections, the robot and SMT production lines case studies are presented separately. Results show that the architecture can effectively sense and model the energy consumption of the devices and the workshop, which provides an available method for the fine management and control of energy consumption and energy efficiency. Through this study, we hope to provide some reference ideas for future researchers.
Fremdpersonal im Unternehmen
Authors: Hamann Wolfgang
Published: October 2023

Wann ist der Einsatz von Fremdpersonal sinnvoll?
Viele Unternehmen stehen in einem harten, nicht selten internationalen Wettbewerb. Hier gilt es, die personellen Ressourcen möglichst effektiv einzusetzen. Eigenes Personal wird auf Kernbereiche konzentriert und durch Fremdpersonal ergänzt. Das hilft, Personalkosten zu senken, und ermöglicht, flexibel auf schwankende Auslastungen zu reagieren. Auch ist qualifiziertes Personal auf dem Arbeitsmarkt kaum noch zu finden. Das sind die wichtigsten Gründe, aus denen Unternehmen auf externe Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zurückgreifen.

Was ist bei Fremdpersonal zu beachten?
Das Buch stellt die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten des Fremdpersonaleinsatzes, die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und die damit einhergehenden Chancen und Risiken dar.

Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es?
Der Autor erläutert u.a. die Arbeitnehmerüberlassung, den Fremdpersonaleinsatz auf der Grundlage von Werk- und Dienstverträgen sowie die Aufgabenerledigung durch freie Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter. Schwerpunkte bilden die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und die Abgrenzung der verschiedenen Personaleinsatzformen voneinander sowie Folgen bei Gesetzesverstößen und Haftungsfragen.

Mit Checklisten und Mustervertrag
Behandelt werden zudem die Position des Betriebsrats sowie der grenzüberschreitende Personaleinsatz. Der Autor stellt ausführlich gesetzliche Vorgaben und verbleibende Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten beim Arbeitnehmerüberlassungsvertrag dar. Außerdem gibt er Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmern einen Mustervertrag an die Hand. Der Abdruck sonst schwer zugänglicher Rechtsvorschriften sowie Hinweise und Praxistipps runden den Ratgeber ab.
Klimaschutz und Verkehr im Völkerrecht und im Recht der Europäischen Union
Authors: Freudenberger Jakob Wolfgang
Published: October 2023

The thesis analyzes and assesses the steering instruments used in international law and EU law with the aim of climate protection in transport (maritime, air, road, rail). Thus, it not only identifies gaps in the legal regime. It also proposes solutions, the admissibility of which is legally evaluated. In addition, the study develops a legal technique that allows for a selective categorization of steering instruments. In addition, it discusses international and EU climate protection law and attaches greater importance to general principles of international law such as the principle of no-harm. For the first time, it presents in detail the regulation of transport in international and EU law.
Crop Residue Collection and Handing Machinery Performance: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Fiaz , Khaliq Aftab , Qishuo Ding , Sultan Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Increasing demand of agricultural production for human, animal, and industrial requirements is responsible for the enhancement of agricultural and agro-industrial activities. Each step of such activities produces various types of agricultural waste that include crop residue, on-farm livestock and fisheries waste, forest waste, agro-industrial waste, etc. Currently, handling and managing agricultural waste is a challenging task worldwide, especially in the context of environmental pollution control and sustainable agriculture. Thus, efficient management in terms of reuse, recycling, and reduction of agricultural waste is needed not only for the sustainable agriculture but also for farmers’ profitability. Various type of farm machinery is available and are in use to collect the crop residue from the field or directly incorporate the residue into the soil. The incorporated crop residue not only increases the soil fertility but also decreases the greenhouse gases emission due to burning of the crop residue. The crop residue chopper can be a solution of residue management at farmer field level. This chapter provides a review on the crop residue collection handing and incorporation machinery performance and their advancement.
Dissimilar Social Settings Impact on User Motivations and Activities on Live-Streaming Digital Platforms
Authors: Kang Kyeong , Li Lifu , Namisango Fatuma
Published: October 2023

This chapter delves into the motivations and activities of users within various social contexts on live digital platforms. It introduces an innovative research model that employs the well-established Achievement Motivation Theory to investigate how three fundamental needs relate to the motivation of live streamers during their live-streaming activities. The study aims to illuminate the underlying drivers that influence live streamers’ engagement and behavior within the dynamic landscape of live digital content. Live-streaming digital platforms have become prominent channels for user engagement and content creation, enabling individuals to broadcast live videos and connect with audiences in real time. However, user motivations and behaviors on these platforms can significantly differ based on their social settings. This research explores the impact of diverse social backgrounds on user motivations and activities on live-streaming digital platforms, shedding light on the intricacies that shape user behavior across various contexts. Influence of Social Settings: Social settings encompass cultural norms, societal values, economic conditions, and technological infrastructure. These factors shape users’ attitudes, preferences, and aspirations on live-streaming platforms, ultimately influencing their motivations and activities. Drawing on the Achievement Motivation Theory by McClelland, this chapter examines motivating factors for live-streaming activities, focusing on the need for achievement, power, and affiliation. The study employs variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM), specifically partial least squares (PLS), to analyze these elements. The findings highlight the positive impact of these factors on live streamers’ motivation to create live-streaming content, offering theoretical insights and practical implications for scholars and practitioners engaged in live-streaming activities. This research aids in understanding the live-streamer community within the rapidly evolving landscape of live digital platforms.
A Case Report of Pneumoretroperitoneum from Blunt Trauma in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Daecher Annemarie , Hartman Brittany , Krueger James
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of blunt traumatic injury and is thought to be due to the Macklin effect, a pathophysiologic process comprised of three steps: alveolar rupture secondary to blunt injury; air dissecting along bronchovascular sheaths; and spread of pulmonary interstitial edema into the mediastinal space. Pneumomediastinum is rarely associated with pneumoretroperitoneum.Case Report: We present a case of a patient who suffered a cardiac arrest after a fall during a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, leading to pneumoretroperitoneum.Conclusion: This case highlights the complications that can arise from blunt trauma and how underlying lung pathology can worsen these complications.