bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing claims, promotional strategies, and product information on Malaysian e-cigarette retailer websites - a systematic content analysis
Authors: Shroff Sameeha Misriya , Sreeramare chandrashekhar T
Published: August 2023

Background
Marketing and sales are unregulated in Malaysia. We systematically analyzed content displayed on e-cigarette retailer websites to identify marketing claims, promotional strategies, and product details.
Methods
We analyzed 30 Malaysia-based retailer websites. Data were extracted as the frequency of occurrence of marketing claims, presence of regulatory information, product types, and flavors of e-juice as per a predefined codebook based on published literature. We also extracted textual details published on the websites about marketing claims, and slogans.
Results
Most retailer websites provided contact information and physical store addresses (83%) but only half had ‘click through’ age verification (57%) that seldom needed any identification proof for age (3%). Marketing claims were related to health (47%), smoking cessation (37%), and modernity/trend (37%) and none had health warnings. Promotional strategies were discounts (80%). starter kits (57%) and email subscriptions (53%). Product types displayed were rechargeable (97%) and disposable (87%) devices and e-liquids (90%) of an array of flavors (> 100). Nicotine presence, its concentration, and “nicotine is an addictive chemical" were displayed in 93%, 53%, and 23% of websites respectively.
Conclusion
Surveillance of content displayed online on e-cigarette retailer websites and regulation of online marketing and sales are needed to prevent youth access and initiation.
Thermal and spectroscopic properties of fluoride contaminated soil 21 o 32 ’ 41 ’’ N to 86 o 48 ’ 55 ’’ E of Odisha, India
Authors: Sahoo Rajat , Jena Abhipsa , Swain Trilochan
Published: August 2023

The primary purpose of this investigation is to know thermal properties of soil and extraction of fluoride and its quantitative determination. This study was also carried out to know the fluoride contamination after acid treatment of soil. The specific heat capacity (CP) is measured in heat flux DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) at the heating rate of 2 K min− 1 in an N2 atmosphere using the sapphire standard. The elemental analysis, 19F NMR, TG-DTA, and ATR-IR are carried out for the determination of composition in soil. Fluoride ion is determined using ion selective electrode. This ATR-IR spectrum of soil indicates that Fe, Al and Si, containing fluoride minerals are present in the soil. The CP of this fluoride-contaminated soil is found to be less at higher temperatures and greater at room temperature as compared to other soils. The soil is contaminated with fluoride, confirmed using 19F NMR measurement. The optical band gap calculation from Kubelka–Munk relation indicates that soil is highly insulator. The reflection characteristic is confirmed by Diffuse Reflectance Spectrum (DRS). The concentration of fluoride in 1kg of soil is 12.79 g. as fluoride minerals.The less endothermic behaviour of soil at high temperatures and high endothermic at room temperature further makes the weather extremely hot in summer and cold in winter. The soil still contaminated with fluoride minerals after acid treatment. The minerals release fluoride ion in alkaline medium that is measured using ion selective electrode.
A novel JAK1 inhibitor SHR0302 for treatment of chronic Graft-verse-Host Disease: a preclinical study and Phase I clinical trial
Authors: Qiu Huiying , Sun Xi , He Qiaomei , Niu Jiahua , Yang Jun , Wang Ying , Huang Chongmei , Zhou Kun , Tong Yin , Cai Yu , Dong Baoxia , Wan Liping , Song Xianmin
Published: August 2023

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a frequent and potentially life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Standard steroid first-line treatment could not satisfy therapeutic need due to its limited efficacy. SHR0302 is a highly selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor, which could alleviate symptoms and improve the survival of cGVHD mice in our preclinical study. We therefore conducted a phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SHR0302 plus prednisone as first-line treatment for moderate/severe cGVHD. A 3+3 design was implemented to define the optimal dose of SHR0302, which included five dose levels (1mg/2mg/4mg/6mg/8mg once a day). Meanwhile, prednisone was concurrently administrated with a dose of 1mg/kg/d and then gradually tapered after two weeks. The primary endpoint was safety, and the secondary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR) at day 28 and week 24. Eighteen patients were enrolled into the study. A maximum tolerated dose was not reached. All patients (100%) experienced adverse events (AEs), and 7 patients (38.89%) experienced grade≥3 AEs. No patient was discontinued treatment due to AEs. At week 4, the ORR and complete remission (CR) rates were 94.44% and 27.77%, while at week 24, were 82.35% and 64.71%, respectively. The event-free survival (EFS) at 24 months was 72.20% (95% CI, 51.40%-93.00%). In summary, SHR0302 in combination with prednisone had a high safety and could achieve a high response for naïve-treatment cGVHD, which suggest that SHR0302 combination might be an optimal choice for naïve-treatment cGVHD.
First record of albinism in the Chinese fanray, Platyrhina sinensis (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatiformes: Platyrhinidae)
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Ke Shuting , Chen Mingru , Xiao Jiamei
Published: August 2023

A female albino fanray was found in the eighth seafood market (Siming District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China), having been captured in the southern Taiwan Strait in April 2022. Based upon morphological measurements and DNA barcoding, it was identified as the Chinese fanray, Platyrhina sinensis (Bloch&Schneider, 1801). Morphometrics are reported, and with no retainment of pigmentation in skin, while irises pigmentation is normal, the specimen is considered as a partial albinism (leucism). The specimen is an adult female, with normal shape, normal body length, normal body mass and normal external structure. As an offshore fish, the albinism individual has more difficulties to avoid predators to reach adult size, which is rare in nature. This represents the first reported case of albinism in the family Platyrhinidae and one of a rare record of albinism within chondrichthyans, which provides new reference and basis for the physiological and ecological research of albino fish.
Good feasibility of ozone-microwave treatment as a sterilization technology to extend the edible life of candied fruit as a post-processed fresh fruit product
Authors: Huang Haoran , Ni Zeping , Xie Jiawen , Li Yuyao , Wen Huicui , Huang Zitong , Situ Wenbei , Song Xianliang
Published: August 2023

In order to solve the problem of infestation of fresh fruit after making them into candied fruit and the quality degradation caused by the infestation, a combined ozone–microwave sterilization method was used to treat four candied fruit molds. Response surface optimization analysis showed that when the ozone infusion time was at 10 min and with 560 W microwave power for 20 s, the inhibition rates of the four candied fruit molds S1, S2, X1, and H1 were 100%, 94.28%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Moreover, according to the characterization of morphology, DNA electrophoretic profiles, and nucleic acid/protein leakage test, the integrity of the mold cell membrane was destroyed after the combined ozone–microwave treatment because of the thermal and nonthermal effects of microwave and the strongly oxidizing properties of ozone. The molds were dead because of the efflux of intracellular nucleic acid and protein and the degradation of DNA, which influenced normal cellular metabolism. Quality identification showed a better expected quality of candied fruit.
Cervical Cancer Screening: Artificial Intelligence Algorithm For Automatic Diagnostic Support
Authors: Mirugwe Alex , Ashaba Clare
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer among women worldwide and is a significant contributor to cancer-related deaths, with an estimated 300,000 women losing their lives to the disease annually. Most of these fatalities occur in low and middle- income countries (LMICs), such as Uganda, where access to screening and treatment options is limited. Early detection of cervical cancer is crucial to improve the chances of survival for patients. Currently, cervical cancer screening is typically performed through Pap smears, which involve manual examination of cervical samples for abnormalities by medical experts. This process is costly, time-consuming, and prone to errors, leading to inaccurate diagnoses. Therefore, it is essential to find more effective and efficient alternative methods for cervical cancer screening to improve access in LMICs and alleviate the burden of cervical cancer.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop an automated pre-cervical cancer screening algorithm to detect precancerous cervical lesions.
Methodology: We developed a cancer screening algorithm using a 21-layer deep-learning convolution neural network trained on a dataset of 2300 images collected from local sources and some obtained from Kaggle.
Results: The best-performing classifier had an AUC of the accuracy of 91.37%, a precision of 88.80%, a recall of
94.69%, an F1 score of 91.65%, and an AUC of 96.0%.
Conclusion: The development and implementation of automated pre-cervical cancer screening algorithms have the potential to revolutionize cervical cancer detection and contribute significantly to reducing the burden of the disease, particularly in resource-limited settings.
ASTUDY TOASSESSTHECOGNITIVEIMPAIRMENTAND QUALITYOFLIFEAMONG ELDERLYINSELECTEDCOMMUNITYAREA, DEHRADUN,UTTARAKHAND
Authors:   MscNursingStudent,HimalayancollegeofNursing,SRHU,Jollygrant,Dehradun,Uttarakhand, India., S. Godiyal , Ranjini J. Mano ,   AssistantProfessor,HimalayanCollegeofNursing,SRHU,JollyGrant,Dehradun,Uttarakhand, India., N. Pundir ,   NursingTutor,HimalayanCollegeofNursing,SRHU,JollyGrant,Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India.
Published: August 2023

Background: Aging per the biological concept is the results of the build- up of a large type of cellular changes within the bodyovera expanded period of time which results in a decrease in physicality and mentality. The aim of the study to assess cognitiveimpairmentandqualityoflife among elderly inselectedcommunityarea. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used, total 130 elderly were selected through total enumerative samplingtechnique . Data was collected by interview method for Socio-demographic variables, Mini Mental StatusExaminationandStructuredtoolonqualityoflifeincommunityareaofMarkhamgrant,Dehradun,Uttarakhand.Frequency,percentagemeanandstandarddeviation,Chi-Square,FishersExactTestwasused. Results:This study showed that (53.8%) of the elderly were having no cognitive impairment, (30.8%) were having mildcognitive impairment, (13.1%) of the elderly were having moderate cognitive impairment, (2.3%) of the elderlywere having severe cognitive impairment. The result also showed that 72.3% were having average quality of life,15.4% were having good quality of life, 12.3% were having poor quality of life and the mean QOL score wasmaximum in Social Relation and Family (21.94Â±2.951) and minimum in financial circumstances (13.52Â±2.864).The cognitive function is improving and quality of life is also improving as there is highly significant moderatepositive correlation (0.482)testedat0.05 levelofsignificance. Conclusion:The study concluded that the elderly were having no cognitive impairment and average quality of life.
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING OPERATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORYAT KING FAHD ARMED FORCES HOSPITAL (KFAFH)
Authors: Almuafa Badr , Saleh Almalki Ohood , Abdullah Alqrni Dareen , Omar Albarnawi Fayza , Abdulrahman Alshahrani Abdullah , Alhadhrami Abdullah , Soliman Alsharif Adil , Shoaib Qusai , Alshaikh Fadi , Rajab Ibrahim , Alqarni Mohammed , Helal Almalki Awaad , Abdulhade Alshehri Mohammed , K. Al-Amari Bander , Al-Roqy Ammar
Published: August 2023

Background:Laboratory turnaround time is considered one of the most important indicators of work efficiency in hospitals. Physicians always need timely results to make effective clinical decisions, especially in the emergency department. These results can guide physicians to admit patients to the hospital, discharge them home, or do further investigations. Objectives:To reduce troponin turnaround time (TAT) to less than 60min using coordinated process improvement methods Methods: A retrospective study in the ED Laboratory at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital (KFAFH). A team of lab specialists conducted a Root cause analysis with the Fishbone diagram and applied Focus PDCA to the process. The time taken from receiving the test to the release of results in minutes was considered the Turnaround time (TAT) for the Trop I test. Results:The average TAT time was brought down from 101 minutes to consistently less than 35 minutes by September 2019. Conclusion:With an interdisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, the Turnaround time for troponin Iwas successfully reduced in our Emergency Department by 70% in 2019.
Advances in Breast Cancer Drug Discovery: A Review of Therapeutic Strategies and Studies Involving Photosensitizers, Caged Xanthones and Thiosemicarbazones Derivatives
Authors: Oliveira Douglas , Jacques Dit Lapierre Thibault , Silva Fernanda , Cunha Ieda , Souza Rafael , Matos Patrícia , Almeida Gustavo , Oliveira Carolina , Araújo Thaise , Tsubone Tayana , Rezende Jr. Celso
Published: August 2023

Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide, and breast cancer is the most prevalent and deadly type among women. Despite the side effects and the phenomena of chemoresistance associated with the drugs involved, chemotherapy remains the main therapeutic strategy to combat and control breast cancer. Therefore, several new classes of compounds against breast cancer have been explored, in an effort to identify new drug candidates with alternative mechanisms of action. The principal results of such exploration, focusing on caged xanthones, thiosemicarbazones and photosensitizers, are presented in this review, along with the main aspects of the drug discovery process against breast cancer. More specifically, the design, structure-activity relationship investigations and anti-breast cancer properties of these three classes are described and discussed in this work.
Catchment and climatic influences on spatio-temporal variations in suspended sediment transport dynamics in rivers
Authors: Shin Jae hun , Grabowski Robert C. , Holman Ian
Published: August 2023

Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is an important attribute for water resources management. However, the interactions between climate and catchment characteristics that control the temporal variability of SSC in rivers are not fully resolved. The study aim is to evaluate how these variables influence spatial and seasonal variations in SSC dynamics at a continental scale. Daily SSC (mg/l) and site attribute data from 120 sites (USA) with minimum 10 years of record (1971–2000) were analysed. New indicators of SSC dynamics (magnitude and frequency) were developed and applied annually and seasonally. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) models were created for each ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model, and GWR coefficients were analysed by ecoregion. Land cover, rainfall and erosivity, baseflow index and soil texture were the most common variables in the OLS models. GWR coefficients displayed significant variation across the continent. Agricultural cover was positively associated with low frequency SSC events, while urban and forest cover predicted higher frequency events, except in the desert areas. PPT30 was generally a negative predictor for SSC magnitude, except the marine west coasts forests. These findings on catchment and climate controls on SSC will support future predictive models of SS transport dynamics.
Benefícios da massoterapia anti-estresse na melhoria da saúde
Authors: Couto Marcia Bastos , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos , Chícharo Sandra Conceição Ribeiro , Refrande Sueli Maria , Prado Lígia D'arc Silva Rocha
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O estudo busca identificar nos debates adjacentes os benefícios da massoterapia como coadjuvante contra o estresse. Estudos comprovam que a massoterapia gera efeitos relaxantes no corpo e acalma a mente agindo de maneira natural contra o desequilíbrio emocional tornando-se preventiva e anti-estresse. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica os benefícios da massoterapia para melhoria da saúde. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura para identificar os benefícios da massoterapia na melhoria da saúde, as buscas faram realizadas nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Pubmed, artigos em português, espanhol e inglês disponíveis online, caracterizar a pesquisa pelos seguintes descritores massoterapia e anti-estresse. A descrição dos dados incluiu um breve levantamento bibliográfico de pesquisas qualitativas. Resultados: Os resultados apresentam diferentes tipos de massagens aplicadas por meio de técnicas específicas para prevenção da ansiedade e estresse. Observou o estresse como fator predominante causador de doenças psicológicas presente na sociedade contemporânea e afeta profissionais de saúde. Considerações finais: A massoterapia torna-se preventiva nos sintomas de ansiedade, depressão, dores lombares, cervicais e musculares, entre outras doenças. Recomenda-se sessões de massagens para aliviar as tensões, prevenir o anti-estresse e promover constante sensação de bem-estar. Identificaram-se diferentes técnicas de massagens atuando na melhoria da saúde.
Palavras-Chave: Massoterapia; Anti-estress; Massagem.
A potência do símbolo água na arteterapia: reflexão teórica à luz de Jung
Authors: Cortez Elaine Antunes
Published: August 2023

Este estudo objetiva refletir, à luz de Jung, a experiência da estagiária em arterapia sobre a potência do símbolo da água para o desvelar e o fortalecimento da função sentimento para a terapeuta em formação, assim como para o paciente do estágio supervisionado durante o processo terapêutico com 37 sessões semanais de arteterapia. Em seu decorrer, o paciente trouxe em suas imagens a simbologia da água representando o mar, rios, ondas e cachoeiras, bem como elegeu o lápis pastel como material que mais o surpreendeu, sendo este elemento água. Ao final do processo terapêutico, o símbolo da água foi identificado como o mais significativo, potencial e transformador para o paciente. Ao final do curso, a estagiária em sua globalização, trabalho pessoal, também percebeu que o símbolo da água impactou significativamente em seu processo terapêutico pessoal e profissional, ratificando seu caminhar significativo na formação em arteterapia. À luz de Jung, este símbolo é associado com a função sentimento, as emoções e ao feminino. O elemento água permeou todo o processo terapêutico, trazendo mudanças ao papel do feminino e da função sentimento na vida do paciente e da estagiária. Houve a substituição da racionalidade por uma vida com decisões permeadas de sentimento para os dois. Deste modo, conclui-se a potência do símbolo da água, durante a arteterapia no processo terapêutico, não só do paciente, mas da estagiária e da função sentimento, impactando em suas vidas.
Palavras-Chave: Arteterapia; Símbolo; Água; Jung.
Os desafios que envolvem o vivenciar a morte: uma reflexão fundamentada nas descobertas de Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
Authors: Lopes Milena Quaresma , Gomes Antonios Marcos Tosoli , Andrade Priscila Cristina da Silva Thiengo de , Brandão Juliana de Lima
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A finitude da vida culmina na morte do corpo, e os sentimentos e processos que a envolvem são um desafio nas sociedades ocidentais, em que os seres viventes estão despreparados para a sua ocorrência, apesar de inevitável. Para tanto, as contribuições de Kübler-Ross possibilitam reflexões acerca de como este processo pode ser mais bem enfrentado e acompanhado por todos que o vivenciam. Objetivou-se, portanto, refletir sobre a vivência do processo de morte e morrer à luz das contribuições de Elizabeth Kübler-Ross. Método: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, teórico-reflexivo, baseado em literatura científica a partir da busca bibliográfica com os descritores Morte e Luto, em consonância com os postulados de Kübler-Ross. Resultado: Foram elaboradas quatro categorias: Luto de Pais e Crianças; Luto de Profissionais de saúde e cuidadores informais; Discussões teóricas; e Modelos Terapêuticos. Discussão: A perda de um filho é devastadora para os pais, quanto as crianças, a concepção da morte varia de acordo com a maturidade. Para profissionais de saúde, a morte traz a proximidade da finitude e a impossibilidade de recuperação da saúde. Além disso, é necessário olhar para o cuidador informal no processo de concepção do luto, pois não existem modelos e propostas terapêuticas que buscam ser facilitadores na sua vivência. Conclusão: A vivência da morte requer aceitação e preparação por ser um evento inevitável, mas, nem sempre é previsível. Os estudos desenvolvidos por Kübler-Ross permitem a vivência do processo de morte e morrer, reconhecendo-o como inevitável, facilitando a concepção da perda, a vivência e superação do luto.
Palavras-Chaves: Morte; Luto; Falecimento; Fim da Vida; Assistência Terminal; Cuidados de Fim de Vida.
Abordagem da espiritualidade do paciente em tratamento para o câncer
Authors: Longuiniere Agnes Claudine Fontes De La , Penha Júlia Maria Nascimento , Santos Maria da Conceição Quirino dos , Bastos Norma Lopes de Magalhães Velasco , Yarid Sérgio Donha
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Compreender o papel da espiritualidade na vida de pacientes oncológicos, além de conhecer a opinião destes pacientes sobre a abordagem da dimensão espiritual durante seu tratamento de saúde. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, que teve como estratégia de investigação o ensaio clínico randomizado realizado numa Unidade de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, vinculada a um Hospital Geral público na Bahia. Participaram da pesquisa 30 pacientes oncológicos. Resultados: Os participantes desta pesquisa apontam que a espiritualidade, fé e crenças religiosas têm um papel importante no contexto do tratamento contra o câncer, sobretudo por trazer força e esperança durante a quimioterapia. Além disto, a maioria relatou que gostaria que esta dimensão fosse abordada durante seu tratamento de saúde, reconhecendo a importância da inclusão da sua espiritualidade no plano terapêutico. Conclusão: Apesar de não serem identificadas diferenças no enfrentamento do câncer após a inclusão da espiritualidade no tratamento quimioterápico, observa-se que as principais maneiras que o paciente utiliza para enfrentar o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer envolvem questões relacionadas à espiritualidade. Nesse sentido, a espiritualidade constitui-se como um recurso que pode ser utilizado para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida, além de colaborar no enfrentamento de doenças.  
Palavras-chave: Espiritualidade; Saúde Holística; Neoplasias; Adaptação Psicológica; Ensaio Clínico.
O manejo psicoterapêutico com a religião e a espiritualidade na clínica: mente de principiante
Authors: Alves Matheus Coutinho dos Santos , Torres Maycon Rorigo da Silveira
Published: August 2023

A religião e a espiritualidade são elementos constantemente presentes no cenário psicoterapêutico, demandando da profissional um manejo adequado. A formação em Psicologia carece de debates significativos sobre o tema, o que pode resultar em dificuldades e inseguranças na profissional, aumentando a chance de erros éticos em sua abordagem. O objetivo principal deste estudo é explorar o que constitui um manejo adequado da religião e a espiritualidade na clínica psicoterapêutica. Para isso, utiliza como metodologia uma revisão bibliográfica exploratória da Psicologia da Religião e da Espiritualidade. Ao abordar diretamente a questão do tema na prática clínica, destaca as principais orientações encontradas na literatura, as tensiona a partir de uma discussão sobre o que envolve a profissão de psicoterapeuta e explora questões complementares, como a psicopatologia da religião e da espiritualidade e a relevância de integrar a Psicologia da Religião e da Espiritualidade no currículo acadêmico. Articulando o que foi abordado, desenvolve acerca do processo de construção do psicoterapeuta e a relação deste com o manejo da espiritualidade e religião e apresenta o aporte fenomenológico à temática. Por fim, oferece no conceito de mente de principiante, do zen budismo, uma síntese dos argumentos e uma possível postura clínica. O trabalho parece concluir seu objetivo, porém, destaca-se seu escopo generalista que, mesmo que proposital, afeta o rigor da análise. Há necessidade de uma continuidade de estudos para aprofundar seus argumentos.
Palavras-chave: Religião e Psicologia; Espiritualidade; Psicoterapia; Psicologia Clínica; Budismo.
Trajetória do Adolescente nas redes de apoio à Saúde Mental: reflexões sobre a busca por qualidade de vida
Authors: Silva Thiago Nogueira , Claudia Mara de Melo Tavares  , Marilei de Melo Tavares  , Fabiana Ramos Vargas  , Marcia Cristina Moccellin  , Luciano Barbosa da Silva
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Este artigo de reflexão teórica tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória do adolescente nas redes de apoio a saúde mental na busca por qualidade de vida. Materiais e Métodos: Reflexão teórica, que identificou, após exclusão dos estudos duplicados e aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, trinta artigos, textos e documentos nas bases de dados: Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e na Scientific Eletronic Library Online (ScIELO). Resultados: Os 21 artigos, documentos e textos foram sintetizados e dispostos em tópicos para melhor exposição das informações. Discussão: Há destaque na relevância da trajetória terapêutica e os caminhos de usuários adolescentes em busca de saúde mental e qualidade de vida, para haver intervenção nesse cenário, deve se ter noção da organização das redes de atenção à saúde e os componentes das redes de apoio a saúde mental adolescente que fazem parte da busca por qualidade de vida, incluindo o destaque para a espiritualidade e religião como componentes das redes substitutivas de apoio a saúde mental adolescente na busca por qualidade de vida. Considerações finais: Assim, a construção de redes deve ser ativa e, ainda precisa haver, esforço para estabelecimento de relações que favoreçam as possibilidades de trabalho em parceria e diálogo entre usuários adolescentes, profissionais e demais elementos que fazem parte da rede de apoio.
Palavras-Chave: Saúde do Adolescente, Saúde Mental, Promoção da Saúde, Qualidade de Vida.
Infarto agudo do miocárdio no Rio de Janeiro: análise epidemiológica entre 2010 a 2019
Authors: Santos Figueredo Letícia , Moreira Alvarenga Vitor
Published: August 2023

No Brasil, o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) é a mais grave manifestação de doença arterial coronariana e seu número de internações cresce a cada ano. Com o processo de envelhecimento da população, as chances de ocorrência da doença também aumentam, uma vez que os fatores de risco são maiores. Diante disso, o objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma análise epidemiológica relacionada ao infarto agudo do miocárdio no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2019. Foi realizado um estudo observacional e descritivo, através da coleta de dados a partir do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares/Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) – DATASUS, acerca do CID-10 I21, na qual foi avaliado internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade por sexo, faixa etária e região de saúde. De acordo com esses dados, nos últimos dez anos, foram realizadas 73.541 internações por IAM, sendo mais prevalente em idosos, os quais também foram os que mais evoluíram para óbito. Em relação às regiões de saúde, observa-se que as internações ocorreram mais nas regiões metropolitanas I e II. No entanto, as maiores taxas de mortalidade foram na região metropolitana II e noroeste. Em relação ao sexo, mulheres são menos internadas, porém tem maior taxa de mortalidade. Nesse sentido, é possível avaliar as principais causas e fatores de risco para sua ocorrência na população, a fim pode ajudar a estabelecer um plano para maior prevenção primária e controle de fatores de risco, para reduzir a incidência da doença, e consequentemente, a necessidade de internação.

 

Palavras-chave: Infarto agudo do miocárdio; Epidemiologia; Internação.
Tratamentos de infecções por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina: uma revisão sobre novas possibilidades
Authors: Do Nascimento Castilho Márcio , Luiz Vasconcellos Vargas André
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho tem, como objetivo, apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre os tratamentos possíveis para os casos de infecção por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina. A pesquisa foi realizada através da busca por assunto de publicações científicas no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2021 a janeiro de 2022, disponíveis no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Foram analisados os 100 artigos mais relevantes reportados pelas buscas, sendo considerada a proporção de artigos para cada palavra-chave pesquisada. Em seguida, foram analisados os artigos de acordo com os critérios da metodologia chegando-se a um total de 28 artigos. Concluiu-se que, apesar de grande parte dos antibióticos convencionais disponíveis atualmente não possuírem uma grande eficácia no tratamento das infecções causadas por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina, a ciência contemporânea tem buscado novos recursos que possam potencializar ou substituir o efeito da antibioticoterapia convencional com o objetivo de fazer com que o resultado terapêutico se torne mais efetivo e, dentre estes recursos, destacam-se o emprego de nanopartículas conjugadas aos antibióticos e a terapia à base do produto natural Lactoquinomicina-A.
Influxo de pacientes portadores de COVID-19 e o aumento do uso de bloqueadores neuromusculares na unidade de terapia intensiva do Hospital Universitário de Vassouras.
Authors: Oliveira do Nascimento Carla , Moreira Alvarenga Vitor
Published: August 2023

A pandemia da COVID-19 provocou uma elevação súbita de pacientes com necessidade de cuidados intensivos. Muitos evoluíam rapidamente para síndrome de desconforto respiratório grave, com prescrição de bloqueadores neuromusculares. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se houve aumento no uso de bloqueador neuromuscular (BNM) nos pacientes críticos na unidade de terapia intensiva do Hospital Universitário de Vassouras e sua correlação com o número de pacientes portadores de COVID-19 no ano de 2020. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, em que os dados foram obtidos através de revisões de prontuários e conferências de fármacos dispensados pela farmácia entre janeiro de 2019 e dezembro de 2020. Foram selecionados somente pacientes críticos, definidos como aqueles em ventilação mecânica e/ou em uso de aminas vasoativas, e portadores de COVID-19 aqueles com PCR ou antigeno ou sorologia IgM identificados em prontuário. Foram analisadas as relações do número de BNM dispensados por paciente crítico nos dois anos. Em 2019 foram contabilizados 106,23 BNM dispensados por paciente crítico, em comparação com 231,76 no ano de 2020. Houve um aumento de 118% no uso de BNM no ano de 2020, justificado pelo alto fluxo de pacientes críticos e portadores de COVID-19, quando comparado ao ano de 2019.
Ensino prático de semiologia baseado em checklist de avaliação previamente fornecido. Liberdade com responsabilidade
Authors: Aragão Ivana Picone Borges de , Pitta de Resende Côrtes Paula , Marques dos Santos Sara Cristine , Chaves Junior Nilson , Rabello Eucir , De Souza Côrtes Junior João Carlos
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Desde Hipócrates, século IV a.c., foi instituído que havia a necessidade de sistematizar uma maneira racional de analisar as queixas relatadas pelos doentes, dando à anamnese e ao exame físico uma estruturação que pouco difere do que se faz hoje. Ao ser inserido no contato com o paciente, deverá ser despertado, no estudante, segurança, sobretudo no que tange a abordagem do paciente, uma vez que a semiologia médica requer concentração, comunicação e conhecimento prévio da propedêutica e sintomatologia. O objetivo proposto foi desenvolver nos alunos o compromisso moral, o conceito de liberdade com responsabilidade, percebendo a importância de aprender o conteúdo e em sua vida profissional no futuro. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo e observacional, entre 02/2022 e 12/2022, como parte do projeto de pesquisa aprovado pelo CEP número 5.250.675, através da aplicação de questionário anônimo sobre o grau de satisfação do aluno da disciplina Fundamentos do Diagnóstico Médico (FDM) acerca da satisfação com a nova metodologia instituída: “A abordagem do conteúdo foi satisfatória?”; “o conteúdo abordado contribuiu para sua formação?”; “A metodologia através dos recursos fornecidos facilitou o aprendizado?”; “Opinião sobre os recursos de estudo disponibilizados pela disciplina”. Também foram coletados os números de faltas através do acesso à listagem de presença para identificar o grau de absenteísmo às aulas e avaliações. A metodologia foi idealizada pela coordenação do curso de medicina em seu plano curricular, onde o aluno recebe o checklist da avaliação de todo o exame físico do paciente, juntamente, com todo o conteúdo, previamente, elaborado pelos professores, na forma de vídeos, mapas mentais, e roteiros contendo resumos dos temas. Resultados: Total de 89 alunos responderam ao questionário sendo demonstrado predomínio de respostas positivas. Houve 81 respostas excelente e 6 boas em relação ao grau de satisfação; 85 respostas concordando plenamente com a facilitação do aprendizado e 4 concordando; 86 concordando totalmente com a contribuição para a formação médica e 1 concordo. Houve 1% de ausência às aulas e avaliações. Conclusão: Tal prática gerou feedback positivo por parte dos discentes, em relação à metodologia proposta, além de evidenciar a grau de compromisso com a participação às aulas, através do acesso às listagens de presença. Houve predomínio de avaliações positivas ao longo do ano de funcionamento da disciplina e baixo índice de absenteísmo nas aulas.
Low Dose Olanzapine in the Prevention and Treatment of Carboplatin Induced
Nausea and Vomiting: A Prospective Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: An Yun , Zhang Zewei , Gu Min , Zhao Juan , Jiang Caihong , Zhao Lanzhen , Jiang Ying , Li Hui , Liu Guang , Jin Gaowa , Li Quanfu
Published: August 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of 5 mg olanzapine (OLZ) in
preventing vomiting and nausea caused by carboplatin chemotherapy.

Methods:

All patients with malignant tumors (n = 113) who underwent Carboplatin (AUC ≥ 5) treatment were
randomly categorized into two groups: the standard group (n = 57) and the OLZ regimen (n = 56). The major
endpoints of the trial were the TC (total control) between two groups during the OP (Overall phase, 0-120
hours), DP (delayed phase, 25-120 hours), and AP (acute phase, 0-24 hours). The secondary endpoints were the
CR (complete response) and TP (total protection) during AP, OP, and DP. The time of first vomiting was compared
between the two groups using Kaplan-Meier curves. The impact of CINV on the quality of life was assessed
by the Functional Living Index-Emesis (FLIE). OLZ-related side effects were also recorded.

Results:

(1) The primary endpoint TC rates were more favorable in the OLZ regimen group than in the standard
group during the AP 87.50% (49/56) vs. 63.15% (36/57) P = 0.003, OP 62.50% (35/56) vs. 31.57%
(18/57) P = 0.001, and DP 64.28% (36/56) vs. 33.33% (19/57) P = 0.001. (2) The secondary endpoints TP were
82.14% (46/56) vs. 63.15% (36/57), P = 0.024, 83.92% (47/56) vs. 63.15% (36/57). P = 0.012 during the DP
and OP. There was no statistical significance during AP between the two groups. The CR rates were not statistically
different between the two groups during the three periods, P > 0.05; (3) The first vomiting time in the
OLZ group was delayed compared with the standard group (P = 0.248). The effect on life quality (score ≥ 108)
assessed by FLIE was 62.50% vs. 43.48% between the two groups, P < 0.05. The primary side effects of OLZ
are fatigue (85%) and somnolence (75%). The primary side effects of the standard group are fatigue (77%) and
loss of appetite (85%).

Conclusion:

The 5 mg OLZ-based triple antiemetic regimen is effective and safe in preventing vomiting and
nausea induced by Carboplatin.
Recent Progress and Challenges in the Development of Edible Vaccines
Produced by Genetically Modified Plants
Authors: Singh Smita , Singh Pranjal Kumar , Sachan Kapil , Garg Sakshi , Sharma Alok Nath
Published: August 2023

Biotechnologists have pioneered the idea of an edible vaccination in recent years. Subunit
vaccines, such as those used to create edible vaccines, involve the introduction of certain genes
into transgenic plants, which are subsequently coaxed into producing the corresponding protein. Bananas,
potatoes, legumes, lettuce, soybeans, corn, and rice are all examples of foods that fall under
this category. They have a low unit cost, can be stored conveniently, and are simple to administer
to patients of varying ages. There is great hope that the use of edible vaccinations, particularly in
underdeveloped countries, could drastically reduce the prevalence of diseases, including measles,
cholera, hepatitis B, and diarrhea. The development of effective and widely applicable edible vaccination,
however, faces a number of technological and regulatory hurdles. When compared to traditional
immunizations, edible vaccines offer significant cost savings, increased productivity, and reduced
risk. It raises the possibility of a more efficient approach to illness prevention. This article includes
important uses, production, host plants, benefits, drawbacks, mechanism of action, and
many regulatory difficulties related to edible vaccines. In this article, we have discussed the most
recent developments and successes with edible and intradermal vaccines in terms of the system
used for immunogen production, the molecular properties of these vaccines, and their ability to generate
a protective systemic and mucosal response.
Ambient Temperature and Cardiac Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ismail , Rasheed Zafar
Published: August 2023

This study quantified the effect of cold or heat exposure of ambient temperature on the
alteration of well-known cardiac markers. A meta-analysis was performed using the PRISMA
guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies on ambient temperature and cardiac biomarkers were retrieved
from MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2000 to February 2022. The
pooled effect sizes of ambient temperature on cardiac biomarkers c-reactive protein, soluble-cell
adhesion-molecule-1, soluble-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1, total cholesterol, low-densitylipoprotein,
interleukin-6, B-type-Natriuretic-Peptide; systolic/diastolic blood pressure were quantified
using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 26 articles were included in the metaanalysis
after screening the titles, abstracts and full texts. The pooled results for a 1°C decrease of
ambient temperature showed an increase of 0.31% (95% CI= 0.26 to 0.38) in cardiac biomarkers
(p=0.00; I-squared=99.2%; Cochran’s Q=5636.8). In contrast, the pooled results for a 1°C increase
in ambient temperature showed an increase of 2.03% (95% CI= 1.08 to 3.82) in cardiac biomarkers
(p=0.00; I-squared=95.7%; Cochran’s Q=235.2). In the cardiovascular (CV) population, the percent
increase in cardiac biomarkers levels due to a decrease/increase in ambient temperature was
greater. This study showed the decrease/increase in ambient temperature has a direct correlation
with the alterations in cardiac biomarkers. These findings are useful for managing temperatureassociated
cardiovascular mortality.

Registration:

This meta-analysis is registered on the National Institute for Health and Care Research
(NIHCR) for the PROSPERO with registration ID CRD42022320505.
Optimization of Synthesis of Microbial Bio-surfactant Sophorolipids using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Borde Priti , Mhatre Ninad , Pradhan Subhalaxmi , Madankar Chandu S.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Synthetic surfactants, when released into the environment, do not degrade
completely and show harmful effects. To minimize the damage to the environment and to
introduce milder surfactants, it was necessary to introduce bio-surfactants.

Objective:

Optimization of the yield is performed by using a design expert model. The analysis of
the product was carried out by using different techniques. The formulation of the personal care
product was prepared by using the sophorolipid produced.

Mode of Synthesis:

Different compositions of raw materials are used, suggested by Design expert
software to optimize the yield of the sophorolipid. Fermentation was performed by the shake
flask method at specified conditions in the incubator shaker for the synthesis. The extraction and
separation of the sophorolipid were done by the solvent extraction method.

Results:

The predicted product yield value is close to the actual value of the product obtained,
which indicates the model is accurate to use. The effect of the raw materials on the yield can be
studied with the design expert model. The product is analyzed for its composition and properties
with different analysis methods.

Conclusion:

Mathematical modelling is very helpful in predicting the optimum reaction condition
and improving the yield of a particular bio-process. The RSM model of design expert software
can be further utilized to carry out the in-detail study of the various factors and their effect
on optimizing the yield. The sophorolipid can be used in different formulations as a greener and
safe alternative to a chemical-based surfactant.
Abundance and Potential of Asteroidea as Bioindicator of Lead (Pb) in the Coastal Zone at Bangkalan Regency, Madura
Authors: Kurniawati Yusfita , Yolanda Maramis Arnetta , Mudloifah Istatik , Anggorowati Rahayu Dwi
Published: August 2023

Asteroidea is a marine invertebrate that has a role as a bioindicator, but the research related toÂ abundance and potential of Asteroidea as a bioindicator of lead on Madura Island is not to be done. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Pb concentration on Asteroidea population density in Bangkalan Regency. The transect plotting method with a plot measuring 1x1 m2 with as 30 plots in the intertidal zone for collecting data. Seawater sampling was divided into three stations, such as station I-0 meters (edge), station II-50 meters (middle) and station III-100 meters (deep zone). Data analysis was carried out with quantitative descriptive with Asteroida composition including diversity index, relative density and dominance index as parameters. The results obtained were species of starfish, Cryptasterina sp. and Aquilonastra coronata with a diversity index value of 0, a relative density of 100% and a dominance index of 1. The results for Pb concentration on Tengket Beach at a depth of 0 meters, 50 meters and 100 are 0.072 ppm; 0.16 ppm; 0.61 ppm and Pantai Modung at 0.5 ppm; 0.83 ppm; 0.82 ppm. Based on the analysis of the abundance of Asteroidea, as higher of Pb concentration contained in the waters, the lower Asteroideaâ€™s density will be found. It concluded the abundance of Asteroidea population can be used as an indicator of Pb in coastal waters.
Self-Assessment of the Quality of Life and the Formation of a Healthy Lifestyle of Medical Students
Authors: Shepeleva O. M. , Lazurina L. P. , Kurkina M. P. , Mal G. S. , Dotsenko V. A. , Zavidovskaya K. V.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of research is to analyze sample data on self-assessment of health and formation of healthy lifestyle attitudes of medical students.

   Methods. The sample structure is characterized by the distribution of respondents by gender, the course of study at a university and college, and the age of 15–18 years. Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire method using a direct survey of respondents. Anthropometry was performed with the subsequent calculation of the body mass index (BMI) of the respondents. The assessment of the quality of life was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire on indicators of physical and mental components of health, general health, vital activity and mental health.

   Results. The respondents were divided into 4 groups: 1 – boys studying at a university, 2 – girls studying at a university, 3 – boys studying at a college and 4 – girls studying at a college. It was found that the surveyed girls have a lower self-assessment of health, more than 30 % of university and college students rate their health as mediocre and poor, and among young men this indicator was 25,0 % and 20,0 %, respectively. The physical component of health differed slightly in the groups. The psychological component of health in girls was: 32,98 ± 1.35 (in high school) and 38,98 ± 1,14 (in college) versus 41,10 ± 2,22 for boys in high school and 44,61 ± 2,12 in college. The indicator of the general state of health was 66,50 ± 4,01; 58,12 ± 2,86; 65,40 ± 4,48 and 63,85 ± 1,95 in representatives of the analyzed groups, respectively; mental health – 63,38 ± 3,83; 49,09 ± 2,63; 64,6 ± 4,48 and 60,34 ± 2,21.

   Conclusion. Analysis of the data obtained indicates that there are gender differences in self-assessment of health, represented by lower indicators in girls. Moreover, students at the university show this more clearly, which requires more in-depth study. It has been established that first-year students of KSMU have motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle and promote it among the population, and it can be traced more clearly among students of the university.
Electronic Auscultation System: Processing of Auscultatory Data
Authors: Makalov A. O. , Smirnov V. A. , Prokhortsov A. V.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of research is to increase the diversity of electronic auscultation system designs with measured characteristics and testing.

   The series of articles includes the development of a model of the electronic auscultation system, the design of an electronic stethoscope, the manufacture of an experimental sample, the development of a methodology for measuring the amplitude-frequency characteristics of electronic and classical stethoscopes, testing of the proposed models and methods, analysis of auscultative data. The article considers mathematical methods of primary analysis of auscultative data. Recordings of normal and hard breathing were used for the experiment. Frequency, time-frequency and autocorrelation analysis of respiratory sounds was performed.

   Methods. The research was based on the theory of digital signal processing. The study uses auscultative data obtained from an experimental sample of an electronic auscultation system. Electronic records of hard (pathological) and normal human breathing over the left middle lung were used. Respiratory noises were converted into digital form with the following parameters: sampling frequency fd = 48 kHz; bit depth n = 24 bits; number of channels 1. To analyze the frequency information content of the recordings, their spectra were constructed. A fast Fourier transform was used to calculate the values in the spectra.

  Results. In the presented work, the frequency characteristics of recordings of hard and normal breathing are analyzed. The values of autocorrelation functions are obtained. An author-regression model of the process of normal breathing is obtained. The problem of analytical determination of the model order remains open and requires a separate solution. The resulting model allows you to generate an equivalent breathing noise of inhalation or exhalation when a signal with a uniform is applied to its input.

   Conclusion. A sample of the electronic auscultation system has been tested, methods of simplified primary analysis of auscultative data have been proposed. The difference in the results of the treatment of hard and normal breathing has no statistical significance due to the small sample.