bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weight gain and menstrual abnormalities between users of Depo-provera and Noristerat
Authors: Oshodi Yusuf Abisowo , Agbara Joy Oyinyechi , Ade fashola Olamide O. , Akinlusi Fatimat Motunrayo , Olalere Haleema Folasade , Kuye Taiwo O.
Published: May 2019

Background: Progesterone only injectable contraceptive provides long acting contraception against unwanted pregnancy. Alterations in menstrual pattern are a well known side effect of this effective contraceptive method. Objective of this study was to compare the weight gain and pattern of menstrual abnormalities in users of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) and Norethisterone Enanthate (Noristerat) in LASUTH.Methods: Retrospective comparative study conducted over a 3year period (January 2013 to December 2015) and involving 237 subjects who used injectable hormonal contraceptive (either DMPA or Noristerat). Case records of all the subjects were retrieved and information obtained on socio-demographic data, parity, previous contraceptive method and reason for discontinuation within one year of usage. Other information including subjects’ weight, menstrual cycle length and pattern, and side effects were collected at 3, 6 and 12 months for DMPA group and 2, 4 and 12 months interval for Noristerat group. Data obtained were analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences (version 19).Results: The combined mean age was 34.15±1.36 years. The mean weight at commencement was 68.16kg for DMPA and 66.61kg for Noristerat users while after a year, it significantly increased to 71.27kg for DMPA and 69.07kg for Noristerat users (P<0.05). No change in menstrual pattern was noted in 10% of DMPA and 7% of Noristerat users while 60% of DMPA and 57% of Noristerat had amenorrhoea by the end one year period. Five percent each of DMPA and Noristerat users perceived weight gain as problem significant enough to discontinue both methods respectively. Overall, 24% of DMPA and 19.1% of Noristerat users discontinued use after one year.Conclusions: There were significant weight gain between users of DMPA and Noristerat which was not considered a problem. Amenorrhoea was the commonest menstrual abnormality responsible for discontinuation of either method.
Study on clinical profile of hyponatremia in patients admitted to the MIMS in Northern Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Sastry Anand Sankar , Praneetha Buridi
Published: May 2019

Background: Hyponatremia, most common electrolyte disorder has symptomatology ranging from asymptomatic to being comatose and etiologically from simple G.I. loss to chronic illnesses like CCF, CKD. Very sparse study has been done in this region on clinic-epidemiological profile of hyponatremia. The aims and objective of this study was to find out most common etiology, type, clinical features and outcome in hospitalised hyponatremic patients and to Correlate clinical profile and outcome with etiology, severity and treatment.Methods: The present observational study was conducted in department of medicine, Maharajah’s Institute of medical sciences, for two months. All patients aged ≥15 years having true hyponatremia were included. Detailed history, examination, relevant investigations including serum and urinary Na were done. Patients were classified to euvolemic, hypervolemic and hypovolemic depending on volume status and proper etiologies were determined in each group.Results: Of 50 patients included, mean age was 50.12±8.8 years. Hyponatremia was more common in older age group>40 years (P<0.05%). CNS manifestations were more prevalent in patients with Na<125 Meq. (80%) P< 0.05%. Hypervolemic was most common type (50%) followed by hypovolemic (34%) and euvolemic (16%). CKD was the most common cause overall (24%) and also among hypervolemic type (40%).Conclusions: Hyponatremia was more predominant in elderly age group (P<0.05%). It is more in 40-60 years age group. Hypervolemic type (50%) of hyponatremia is most common type of the hyponatremia and CKD (24%), to be most common cause of the hyponatremia attributed to Uddanam nephropathy in this region.
Association of CD4 count with anthropometric parameters and metabolic alterations in treatment naive human immunodeficiency virus infected patients
Authors: C. N. Arunraj , S. Sundeep
Published: May 2019

Background: Body fat abnormalities and metabolic derangements are well known to occur in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The objective of present study was to evaluate the anthropometric parameters, fasting lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in treatment naïve HIV patients and to assess any relation with CD4 count.Methods: Anthropometric measurements, latest CD4 count were recorded from HIV patients. Blood was collected from patients for lipid profile and sugar measurements.Results: Anthropometric parameters showed a gradual increase in waist circumference (WC), increase in waist hip ratio (WHR) and decrease in body mass index (BMI) as CD4 count declined. Fasting lipid profile showed a gradual decrease in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increase in triglycerides (TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) as CD4 count declined which were statistically highly significant (P<0.001). Compared to higher CD4 group (350-500/ mm3), the lower CD4 group (<50/mm3) showed a decrease in mean total cholesterol by 60 mg/dL, LDL-C by 76 mg/dL and HDL-C by 13 mg/dL. The increase in mean TG and VLDL-C were 154 mg/dL and 30 mg/dL respectively. Comparison of fating blood sugar (FBS) between CD4 groups showed a gradual rise in FBS as CD4 count declined.Conclusions: As CD4 count declines, metabolic alterations occur in treatment-naïve HIV patients with substantial decrease in serum total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and an increase in TG and VLDL-C and increased incidence of impaired FBS. Morphological alteration in advanced HIV is evidenced by increased WC, WHR and decreased BMI.
Ascending colon cancer and situs inversus totalis: a case report in Sanglah general hospital Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Sari Yudit Anastasia , Sueta Made Agus Dwianthara
Published: May 2019

Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital condition that occurs in one out of 4,000-20,000 people, characterized by complete transposition of the thoracic and abdominal viscera that creates a mirror image. The etiologic nature of this anomaly is not known. Situs inversus totalis is typically associated with normal life expectancy unless a gastrointestinal or cardiac anomaly is present. This anomaly is not a premalignant condition. Association between colorectal cancer and situs inversus totalis is rare. The transposition of the organs imposes special demands on the diagnostic and technical skills of the surgeon. We report a case of colorectal cancer and situs inversus totalis in a 51-year-old male presenting with intermittent left lower abdominal pain and change of bowel habit since 9 months before admission. We found a palpable solid mass on the left paraumbilical region, mobile, with no tenderness. Laboratory results show moderate anemia with high CEA level. Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) was positive. Plain chest radiography showed suspected situs inversus. We found descending colon tumor on colonoscopy, with histopathology result intramucosal carcinoma. The contrast abdomen CT scan showed situs inversus and irregular thickening on ascending colon with partial stenosis. We performed extended left hemicolectomy and intraoperative we found a mass in the hepatic flexure of the colon with no sign of lymph node and liver metastases. The histopathologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma moderately differentiated. The patient was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of ascending colon T3N0M0, stage II.
Clinical profile of children with tuberculosis from a semi urban referral centre in South India: a prospective observational study
Authors: G. Anuradha , G. Muraleetharan
Published: May 2019

Background: Global TB report 2018 reports that in India, an estimated 2.2 lakh children become ill with tuberculosis (TB) each year. In spite of new rapid diagnostic methods, lack of gold standard test for confirming childhood tuberculosis remains an obstacle for the effective reporting of childhood TB and hence these cases often remain under diagnosed. The main objective was to study the clinical profile of childhood tuberculosis with relevant laboratory investigations aiding in early diagnosis.Methods: A prospective observational hospital-based study was conducted in IRT-Perundurai medical college hospital from April 2016 to March 2018. Children less than 18 years of age with tuberculosis were included in the study. Demographic details, presenting symptoms, family history of TB contact, nutritional status and clinical examination findings were documented. Complete blood count, ESR, Mantoux test, chest X-ray and sputum analyses for AFB were done for all patients.Results: Out of the total 124 children studied, the most common age of presentation of tuberculosis was >10 years of age (n=58, (46.8%)). There was a female preponderance (n=71 (57.25%)). Pulmonary tuberculosis (n= 87, (70.16%)) was the most common form followed by extra pulmonary (n=32, (25.80%)) and disseminated type (n=5, (4%)).  Lymph node TB was the most common manifestation (n=20, 62.50%) among extra pulmonary form. Cough (n=75, 60.5%) with sputum (n=55,44.4%) were the predominant symptoms noted followed by fever (n=53, 42.7%). Bacteriological diagnosis was possible in 19.5% (n=17) patients only.Conclusions: This study reinforces that the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis is based on the constellation of symptom evaluation, contact history, clinical examination, with relevant laboratory investigations.
Effect of co morbidities on the clinical outcome of Dengue fever
Authors: P. Dhivya , G. N. Nagesh , S. Jayaramachandran
Published: May 2019

Background: Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. A number of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) risk factors had been suggested. However, these risk factors may not be generalized to all populations and epidemics for screening and clinical management of patients at risk of developing DHF/ Dengue shock syndrome (DSS).Methods: A hospital based prospective case control study was done by taking 40 cases each of dengue fever with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension and 30 cases of dengue with asthma/COPD and these patients were compared with controls of 100 patients with dengue fever but no comorbidities. All patients had Dengue serology NS1 or IgM positive.Results: Patients admitted with dengue fever with comorbidities had increased duration of hospitalization with P value of 0.012. The clinical outcome of the 250 patients. In the subgroup of dengue fever patients with DM and Dengue fever with DM and HTN, they were noted to have a 2.69 and 3.06 times increased risk effect of DHF.Conclusions: Dengue fever with DM or DM with HTN have a higher risk of developing DHF when compared with patients with dengue fever with no comorbidities. This finding helps us in triaging patients with comorbidities who develop dengue fever for specialized care and closer clinical monitoring.
O subemprego em perspectiva histórica e a estrutura de ocupações no Brasil entre 1980 e 2010
Authors: Zullo Gustavo
Published: May 2019

Este artigo propõe um exame teórico e histórico das fragilidades que atravessam a estrutura ocupacional brasileira a partir do conceito de subemprego apresentada por Rodríguez (1985). De modo a destacar os vínculos entre as atividades agrícolas e não-agrícolas, observamos uma deterioração acentuada do mercado de trabalho entre 1980 e 2010. Este período é, de um lado, marcado pela desindustrialização e, de outro, pela especialização regressiva, que tem na expansão constante da fronteira agrícola uma de suas principais características.
Downregulation of miR-542-3p Contributes to Apoptosis Resistance in Dermal Fibroblasts from Systemic Sclerosis Patients via Survivin Overexpression
Authors: Vahidi Manesh Pegah , Farazmand Ali , Gharibdoost Farhad , Vanaki Negar , Mostafaei Shayan , Kavosi Hoda , Bagher Mahmoudi Mohammad , Mahmoudi Mahdi
Published: May 2019

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by excessive production of collagens by fibroblasts that leads to vast fibrosis. Resistance to apoptosis is one of the possible underlying mechanisms of fibrosis in these patients. Survivinis involved in inhibition of apoptosis and aberrantly functions in SSc. Since dysregulation of survivin-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) has frequently been observed in cancer and some autoimmune disorders, this study aimed to investigate their expression status in dermal fibroblasts from SSc patients.
DiffuseSSc patients were selected according to American College of Rheumatology criteria. Isolated fibroblasts from 10 SSc and 10 healthy skin biopsies were cultured. After examining purity of the cells, mRNA and miRNAs extraction was performed followed by complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis. Relative expressions ofsurvivin mRNA, miR-16-5p, miR-320a, miR-218-5p, miR-708-5p and miR-542-3p were analyzed using real time PCR.
Survivin mRNA expression was significantly 1.85-fold upregulated in fibroblasts from SSc patients compared with healthy controls (p=0.046). Among the studied miRNAs, miR-542-3p expression was significantly decreased (p=0.033), while enhanced expression of miR-708-5p was observed in SSc fibroblasts (p=0.05) in comparison to healthy subjects. Downregulation of miR-542-3p significantly correlated with survivin overexpression (r=˗0.45, p=0.049).
Downregulation of miR-542-3p that is correlated with higher surviving expression levels might be a possible cause of apoptosis resistance in SSc fibroblasts, hence providing a new understanding of the disease pathogenesis.
Infection by Rickettsia felis in Ctenocephalides felis felis Fleas from North of Colombia
Authors: Contreras Verónica , F. Londoño Andrés , Miranda Jorge , Mattar Salim , Acevedo-Gutiérrez Leidy Y. , J. Diaz Francisco , Rodas Juan D.
Published: May 2019

Background: Rickettsia felis is an emergent Rickettsial agent whose main vector is Ctenocephalides felis, but ticks, mites and lice are also infected. We aimed to search for molecular evidence of Rickettsia spp. in fleas collected from dogs and wild rodents (Heteromys anomalous) from three villages of Córdoba and Antioquia provinces (Northern of Colombia), where outbreaks of rickettsioses have occurred, and discuss the possible role of fleas on endem­ic/enzootic regions for rickettsia.
Methods: During 2010 and 2012, 649 Ctenocephalides felis felis and 24 Pulex irritans fleas were removed from dogs and wild rodents (Heteromys anomalous), respectively, in 3 locations from Córdoba and Antioquia provinces (Colombia). These fleas were tested into pools for Rickettsial infection by PCR, targeting gltA, ompB, and ompA Rickettsial genes.
Results: Almost 20% (30/153) of C. felis felis pools contained Rickettsial DNA. The fragments of ompB gene showed high identity values between sequences from Necocli and Los Cordobas with R. felis strain from Senegal (100% and 99.7% respectively) and all were highly related by phylogenetic analyses. Rickettsial DNA in pools of P. irritans was not detected.
Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the endemicity of the infection by R. felis in fleas from northern of Colombia and showed the likely importance of dogs as hosts of C. felis felis fleas and their potential role as reservoirs of R. felis.
Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Occurrence in Ixodi¬dae Ticks of Armenia
Authors: Gevorgyan Hasmik , Grigoryan Gohar G. , A. Atoyan Hripsime , Rukhkyan Martin , Hakobyan Astghik , Zakaryan Hovakim , A. Aghayan Sargis
Published: May 2019

Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) causes serious health problems in humans. Though ticks of the genera Hyalomma play a significant role in the CCHF virus transmission it was also found in 31 other tick species.
Methods: Totally, 1412 ticks from 8 remote sites in Armenia during 2016 were sampled, pooled (3-5 ticks per pool) and tested for the presence of CCHFV antigen using ELISA test.
Results: From 359 tick pools, 132 were CCHF virus antigen-positive. From 6 tick species, four species (Rhipicepha­lus sanguineus, R. annulatus, R. bursa, Hyalomma marginatum) were positive for the virus antigen and R. sanguineus was the most prevalent (37.9%). Dermacentor marginatus and Ixodes ricinus revealed no positive pools, but both revealed delectable but very low virus antigen titers. The highest infection rate (50%) was observed in R. sanguineus, whereas H. marginatus rate of infection was 1 out of 17 pools.
Conclusion: For the first time in the last four decades CCHF virus antigen was detected in Ixodid ticks of Armenia. This finding substantiates the role of R. sanguineus in the disease epidemiology; however, the role of H. marginatum in the CCHF virus circulation in the country could not be excluded.
A Comparative Pathomorphological Findings Between Leiurus abdullahbayrami and Androctonus crassicauda (Scorpion: Buthidae) Envenomation in Rabbit Animal Model
Authors: Ozkan Ozcan , Eray Alcigir Mehmet
Published: May 2019

Background: The aim of study was to compare macroscopical and histopathological findings between venoms be-longing to two scorpion species, Androdoctonus crassicauda, and the newly discovered Leirus abdullahbayrami.
Methods: The animals used in this experimental study were fifteen New Zealand bred rabbits. Three groups were constituted as group I (L. abdullahbayrami group, n= 6), group II (A. crassicauda group, n= 6) and group III (control group, n= 3). The animals in the L. abdullahbayrami group and the A. crassicauda group were envenomed through an intravenous route. The rabbits were monitored for the first 24h following the envenomation. The animals dead within that time period were examined and all animals were sacrificed and standard necropsy process was performed at 24h.
Results: The pathomorphological findings from group I were found to be more severe than those observed in group II. The venom from the newly identified L. abdullahbayrami has a greater effect than the venom from the A. crassicauda. Moreover, as this was a rabbit modeling study, the L. abdullahbayrami might pose the most serious health threat to infants in particular due to their smaller body weight.
Conclusion: These findings will provide a better understanding of envenomation of human beings in terms of the possible consequences of scorpion toxication on the organs.
Efficacy of closed endotracheal suctioning in critically ill patients: A clinical trial of comparing two levels of negative suctioning pressure
Authors: Yazdannik Ahmadreza , Saghaei Mahmoud , Haghighat Somayeh , Eghbali-Babadi Maryam
Published: May 2019

Background & Aim: Although trachea-bronchial suctioning (TBS) is one of the important nursing procedures in intensive care units (ICU), it may be associated with some complications. Using closed system suctioning (CSS) is one of the ways to decrease the rate of complications due to continued ventilation and oxygenation at the time of suctioning. However, CSS' secretion removal is not efficient enough. Higher values of suction pressure have been recommended to enhance the efficacy of CSS. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two levels of negative suction pressure in secretion removal of CSS used for mechanically ventilated (MV) patients.
Materials & Methods: Fifty eligible adult MV patients (twenty in each group) with Random allocation participated in this clinical trial study with cross-over design. Each patient was suctioned using CSS, connected to a central suction device, with 100 and 200 mmHg pressures with a two-hour interval. Efficacy of suctioning was measured by the absence of secretion flow at the end of suctioning. Volume of the secretions was measured and compared in each suctioning. Statistical analyses were done using Minitab and SPSS software considering the significance level of 0.05.
Results: CSS using 200 mmHg resulted in an efficacy of 96% for removing secretions, compared to 34% for 100 mmHg (P = <0.0001). Suctioning volume was increased significantly higher with 200 mmHg suction pressure compared to values with 100 mmHg (1.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4; 2.0]; P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Application of CSS with Suctioning pressure 200 mmHg is recommended for trachea-bronchial suctioning in mechanically ventilated patients, because nearly complete removal of respiratory suctioning in most subjects.
Study of knowledge and attitude of nurses in Sanandaj city toward organ donation
Authors: Valiee Sina , Dehghani Shoaib , Mohammadi Shiva , Dalvand Sahar , Khanpour Farzaneh
Published: May 2019

Background & Aim: Nowadays, organ transplantation is the final treatment for the patients with end-stage organ dysfunction. Considering the importance of the organ donation and the important role of nurses in increasing the number of organ donations, the present study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Sanandaj hospitals toward organ donation.
Materials & Methods: This study was descriptive-analytic (cross-sectional). 250 nurses working in hospitals in Sanandaj city were selected by stratified sampling method in 2017 and completed the questionnaire on knowledge and attitude towards organ donation. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20, using independent t-test and ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that the mean score of knowledge was 13/2±04/ 57 and the mean score of attitude was 44.7±82.75 and 207 (82.2%) did not have a donation card, while 146 nurses (58.4%) tended to receive a donation card. The mean score of nurses' knowledge about donation was 13.2±26/49 and the mean score of their attitude was 13.2±07. 91. There was also a significant correlation between attitude and level of education (p=0/045).
Conclusion: According to the results, the knowledge and attitude of the majority of nurses were moderate and most of them did not have a donation card. Considering the importance of this effective group in increasing the culture of the community toward organ donation, education and preparing appropriate background for receiving, and increasing knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation for the nurses is necessary.
Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, organizational justice and self-efficacy among nurses
Authors: Chegini Zahra , Janati Ali , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Khosravizadeh Omid
Published: May 2019

Background & Aim: Nursing shortage is a growing global challenge in healthcare organizations. Promoting nurses’ organizational commitment may help alleviate nursing shortage. This study sought to evaluate the relationships between organizational commitment, job satisfaction, organizational justice, and self-efficacy among nurses.  
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 401 Iranian nurses randomly selected through two-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS (v.17.0) and the Amos (v.17.0) software.
Results: The goodness of fit indices were as the following: χ2/df=2.76 (P<0.001), GFI=0.93; AGFI=0.87, NFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.068, and CFI=0.95. Organizational commitment had significant positive relationships with self-efficacy (β3=0.28, P<0.001) and job satisfaction (γ3=0.73, P<0.001), while organizational justice had significant positive relationship with job satisfaction (γ2=0.89, P<0.001). Moreover, job satisfaction had a mediating role in the relationship of organizational justice with organizational commitment.
Conclusion: Hospital managers can promote nurses’ organizational commitment through employing strategies to enhance their perceived organizational justice and thereby, improving their job satisfaction.
Hospital nurses’ perception of evidence-based practice: A descriptive-analytical study
Authors: Soleymanifar Parisa , Kamran Aziz , Jafari Milad , Savadpoor Mohammadtaghi , Nasiri Khadijeh
Published: May 2019

Background & Aim: Evidence-based practice refers to the use of the best research evidence, personal knowledge and clinical expertise, and patients’ values and preferences for the provision of healthcare services. This study aimed to evaluate hospital nurses’ perception of evidence-based practice.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2015 on 374 nurses randomly recruited from five teaching hospitals in Ardabil and Khalkhal, Iran. Data were collected using the Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire and analyzed through the SPSS software (v.13.0).
Results: The total mean scores of nurses’ perception of evidence-based practice and its practice, attitude, and knowledge/skills domains were 107.40±18.76, 4.66±1.34, 3.63±1.48, and 4.63±1.03, respectively. The mean scores of these domains had significant correlations with each other (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Nurses’ perception of evidence-based practice is at moderate level and hence, they have moderate readiness for evidence-based practice. Coherent policies, educational strategies, and environmental improvements are needed to improve nurses’ perception of evidence-based practice.
Środowisko mieszkaniowe a przestrzeń mieszkaniowa
Authors: Groeger Lidia
Published: May 2019

W publikacjach geografów, socjologów i architektów zajmujących się zagadnieniami mieszkalnictwa, powszechnie stosowanymi terminami są: środowisko mieszkaniowe i przestrzeń mieszkaniowa. Jednocześnie autorzy w swych publikacjach, generalnie nie precyzują zakresu używanych pojęć i zależności występujących między tymi określeniami. O ile w literaturze występują definicje środowiska mieszkaniowego, to brak jest takiego zakresu pojęciowego dla terminu przestrzeni mieszkaniowej. Celem opracowania jest ukazanie różnego podejścia w literaturze do zrozumienia zakresu tych podstawowych pojęć oraz interpretacja relacji między środowiskiem mieszkaniowym i przestrzenią mieszkaniową, a także zaproponowanie definicji pojęcia przestrzeni mieszkaniowej i atrybutów ją charakteryzujących.
Idea domu mieszkalnego – wymiar przestrzenny i czasowy
Authors: Dzieciuchowicz Jerzy
Published: May 2019

Przedmiotem tego opracowania jest ewolucja idei domu mieszkalnego jako obiektu materialnego, od czasów prehistorycznych do współczesności, z położeniem nacisku na zmiany jego wymiarów przestrzennych oraz konstrukcji i fizjonomii. Szczegółowej analizie podlegały dwa, powiązane ze sobą immanentne wymiary domu – przestrzenny i czasowy. Zasadniczy cel pracy stanowi identyfikacja indywidualnych właściwości przestrzennych ważniejszych wzorców budynków mieszkalnych ukształtowanych historycznie, w powiązaniu z dziejami technik i konstrukcji budowlanych.
Pengaruh Aerasi Terhadap Degradasi Congo Red Secara Fotokimia dengan TiO2 dan H2O2
Authors: Muslimah Fitri Anisya , Mustikasari Kamilia , Yunus Rahmat
Published: May 2019

Congo red sebagai salah satu bahan kimia organik sintetik yang banyak digunakan untuk industri tekstil dapat mencemari lingkungan dan tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendegradasi zat warna dengan metode fotokimia menggunakan katalis TiO2 dan H2O2 serta pengaruh aerasi pada proses fotokimia. Larutan congo red 10 mg/L sebanyak 100 mL ditambah dengan TiO2 sebanyak 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 mg dan H2O2 sebanyak 0,1; 0,2; 0,3; 0,4; 0,5 mL disinari dengan lampu UV dengan variasi waktu 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 dan 180 menit. Konsentrasi congo red dalam larutan dianalisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Degradasi congo red tertinggi (65,43%) dicapai pada TiO2 120 mg dan H2O2 0,4 mL dengan penyinaran selama 100 menit. Aerasi meningkatkan degradasi congo red secara fotokimia menjadi 80,03%.
The State Monitoring Method of Electronic Voltage Transformer Based on L-M Algorithm
Authors: Lian Han ,   School of Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic Institute Nanyang, Henan 473009, China
Published: May 2019

In the traditional method of monitoring the state of electronic voltage transformer, there are problems of large monitoring error and weak robustness. Therefore, a new state monitoring method of electronic voltage transformer based on L-M algorithm is proposed. The relationship between input voltage and output voltage of capacitor voltage divider in electronic voltage transformer is obtained by using Laplasse transform. The transfer function model of electronic voltage transformer is constructed based on the relationship result and L-M algorithm. The transfer function model is used to analyze the frequency characteristics of the electronic voltage transformer and the range of normal measurement frequency, and then the partial pressure ratio of the electronic voltage transformer under the high frequency condition is derived. On this basis, by calculating the over voltage amplitude on the two sides of acquisition card in the electronic voltage transformer, the capacitance value between the two adjacent coaxial cylindrical cylinders of the capacitance divider in the electronic voltage transformer is obtained, thus the monitoring of the state of the electronic voltage transformer is completed. The experimental results show that the proposed method has low detection error and strong robustness, and can effectively improve the reliability of electronic voltage transformer.
The Discussion on Interior Design Mode Based on 3D Virtual Vision Technology
Authors: Zhang Yanxing ,   Hebei University of Architecture No.13 Chaoyang West Street, Jingkai District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 075000, China, Li Lei , Liu Beibei
Published: May 2019

Three dimensional virtual vision technologies improves the realistic effect of interior design, improves the rationality of interior design, and guides interior decoration and graphic design. In this paper, MultiGen Creator 3D modeling technology is used to reconstruct the indoor landscape and form the plane image of interior design. At the same time, the edge matching method is used to divide and decompose the features of the interior design image, and the 3D vision of the interior design is reconstructed with the key points of the interior design. In addition, through the adaptive tracking and rendering technology, the fidelity and space utilization efficiency of the room plane design are improved. The simulation results show that 3D virtual vision technology has better guidance for interior design, visual effect and landscape color fusion.
Collaborative Filtering Using Fuzzy Clustering for Categorical Multivariate Data Based on q-Divergence
Authors: Kondo Tadafumi ,   Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan, Kanzawa Yuchi
Published: May 2019

In this study, a collaborative filtering method that uses fuzzy clustering and is based on q-divergence is proposed for categorical multivariate data. The results of experiments conducted on an artificial dataset indicate that the proposed method is more effective than the conventional one if the number of clusters and the initial setting are adequately set. Furthermore, the results of the experiments conducted on three real datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional method in terms of recommendation accuracy as well.
Comparison of Risk Aversity for Two Utility Functions on ℝ2
Authors: Yoshida Yuji ,   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Kitakyushu  4-2-1 Kitagata, Kokuraminami, Kitakyushu 802-8577, Japan
Published: May 2019

Utility functions on two-dimensional regions are demonstrated for decision makers’ risk averse behavior by weighted quasi-arithmetic means. For two utility functions on two-dimensional regions, a concept is introduced that decision making with one utility is more risk averse than decision making with the other utility. A necessary condition and sufficient conditions for the concept are demonstrated by their utility functions.
Cluster Validity Measures Based Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering for Network Data
Authors: Hamasuna Yukihiro , Nakano Shusuke , Ozaki Ryo , Endo and
Yasunori ,   Department of Informatics, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan,   Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan,   ALBERT Inc. 1-26-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0515, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
Published: May 2019

The Louvain method is a method of agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) that uses modularity as the merging criterion. Modularity is an evaluation measure for network partitions. Cluster validity measures are also used to evaluate cluster partitions and to determine the optimal number of clusters. Several cluster validity measures are constructed considering the geometric features of clusters. These measures and modularity are considered to be the same concept in the viewpoint of evaluating cluster partitions. In this paper, cluster validity measures based agglomerative hierarchical clustering (CVAHC) is proposed as a novel clustering method for network data. The cluster validity measures are used as a merging criterion and an evaluation measure for network data in the proposed method. Numerical experiments show that Dunn’s and Xie-Beni’s indices for network partitions are useful for network clustering.
Studi Viabilitas Serbuk Sari Pada Salak Bangkalan
Authors: Setiawan Eko
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK
Salak (Salacca zalacca) banyak dibudidayakan di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Permasalahan penyerbukan seperti kesuburan serbuk sari menjadi masalah utama dalam produksi salak di Bangkalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari viabilitas serbuk sari dari bunga jantan pada salak Bangkalan. Sampel bunga dikoleksi dari perkebunan salak di Desa Kramat, Kecamatan Bangkalan, Kabupaten Bangkalan. Pengamatan dan pembuatan preparat dilakukan di Laboratorium Produksi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Mei 2018. Pengamatan fertilitas serbuk sari dilakukan di bawah mikroskop setelah dilakukan pewarnaan terhadap serbuk sari dengan larutan Lugol 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan viabilitas serbuk sari pada bunga salak jantan kuning lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bunga salak jantan merah dengan perbandingan 95% dan 10%.
Kata kunci: Anther, Madura, Serbuk sari, Salacca zalacca, Steril

Study on Pollen Viability of Bangkalan Snake Fruit

ABSTRACT
Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertner) Voss) is widely cultivated in Bangkalan District. Pollination problems such as pollen fertility are a major problem in the production of salak in Bangkalan. The objective of the study was to determine the pollen viability of Bangkalan snake fruit. Flower sample was collected from salak gardens in Kramat Village, Bangkalan and pollen analysis were conducted at the Production Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Trunojoyo Madura in May 2018. Observation of fertility of pollen was conducted under a microscope after pollen staining with Lugol 1%. The results showed that the pollen viability of male yellow flower was higher than the red one with a ratio of 95% and 10%, respectively.
Keywords: Anther, Madura, Pollen, Salacca zalacca, Sterile
Evaluasi Sarana Produksi Pangan Industri Tahu di UD Sumber Makmur
Authors: Maflahah Iffan , Nazalina Arinda Venska , Fakhry Muhammad
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK

Tahu merupakan produk olahan makanan yang berasal dari kedelai. Tahu sering kita jumpai mulai di warung sederhana hingga pusat perbelanjaan modern, harga yang relatif terjangkau membuat salat satu olahan yang terbuat dari kedelai ini menjadi makanan favorit bagi semua kalangan. Evaluasi sarana produksi pangan industri tahu di UD Sumber Makmur bertujuan agar perusahaan mengetahui cara menjaga keamanan pangan sarana produksi dengan berpedoman pada Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). GMP sendiri merupakan pedoman cara berproduksi pangan supaya produsen pangan memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan yang telah ditentukan untuk menghasilkan produk pangan yang bermutu dan aman dikonsumsi sesuai dengan tuntutan konsumen. Adapun 14 aspek GMP yang harus diterapkan pada perusahaan pangan. Hasil penilaian mutu sarana pengolahan pangan di UD Sumber Makmur masuk dalam kategori IV yaitu Kurang, dengan jumlah ketidaksesuaian untuk kategori minor sebanyak 1 penyimpangan, kategori mayor 2 penyimpangan, kategori serius 3 penyimpangan, dan untuk kategori kritis 1 penyimpangan.

Kata Kunci: Tahu, UD Sumber Makmur, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

Evaluation of Tofu Industry Production Facilities at UD Sumber Makmur

ABSTRACT

Tofu is a processed food product derived from soybeans. Tofu that we often find everything from simple stalls to modern shopping centers, the relatively affordable price of making one processed prayers made from soybeans is a favorite food for all people. The evaluation of the food production facilities of the tofu industry at UD Sumber Makmur aims to let the company know how to maintain food safety of production facilities by referring to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). GMP itself is a guideline on how to produce food so that food producers meet the specified requirements to produce quality food products that are safe for consumption in accordance with consumer demands. The 14 aspects of GMP must be applied to food companies. The results of the assessment of the quality of food processing facilities in UD Sumber Makmur fall into category IV, namely Less, with the number of nonconformities for minor categories as much as 1 deviation, major category 2 deviations, serious categories 3 deviations, and for critical categories 1 deviation.

Keywords: Tofu, UD Sumber Makmur, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
Transcriptional characterisation of the Aiptasia pallida pedal disc
Authors: Davey Peter A , Rodrigues Marcelo , Clarke Jessica L , Aldred Nick
Published: May 2019

Background

Biological adhesion (bioadhesion), enables organisms to attach to surfaces as well as to a range of other targets. Bioadhesion evolved numerous times independently and is ubiquitous throughout the kingdoms of life. To date, investigations have focussed on various taxa of animals, plants and bacteria, but the fundamental processes underlying bioadhesion and the degree of conservation in different biological systems remain poorly understood. This study had two aims: 1) To characterise tissue-specific gene regulation in the pedal disc of a basal metazoan; the model cnidarian Aiptasia pallida, and 2) to elucidate the specific genes involved in pedal disc adhesion.

Results

Five hundred and forty-seven genes were differentially expressed in the pedal disc compared to the rest of the animal. Four hundred and twenty-seven genes were significantly upregulated and one hundred and twenty genes were significantly downregulated. Forty-one condensed gene ontology terms and 19 protein superfamily classifications were enriched in the pedal disc. Eight condensed gene ontology terms and 11 protein superfamily classifications were depleted. Enriched superfamilies were consistent with classifications identified previously as important for the bioadhesion of unrelated marine invertebrates. A host of genes involved in regulation of extra cellular matrix generation and degradation were identified, as well as others related to development and immunity. Ab initio prediction identified 173 upregulated genes that putatively code for extracellularly secreted proteins.

Conclusion

The analytical workflow facilitated identification of genes involved in adhesion, immunity, defence and development of the A. pallida pedal disc. When defence, immunity and development-related genes were identified, those remaining corresponded most closely to formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), implicating ECM in the adhesion of anemones to surfaces. This study therefore provides a valuable high-throughput resource for the bioadhesion community and lays a foundation for further targeted research to elucidate bioadhesion in the Cnidaria.
Molecular Detection and Glycoprotein B (UL55) Genotyping of Cytomegalovirus among Sudanese Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Ahmed Hind Haidar , Omer Alfadil Elobeid , Altyab Hisham N.
Published: May 2019

Background

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen among solid organ transplant recipients’ especially renal transplants with significant morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to detect CMV DNA and to determine the frequency of different glycoprotein B (UL55) genotypes among Sudanese renal transplant recipients.

Methods

One hundred and four renal transplant recipients were included in this study. A blood specimen was collected from each recipient. DNA was extracted from plasma using QIAamp DNA mini kit. CMV amplification and quantification (estimation of viral load) was performed using CMV Real – RT Quant kits. Genotyping of Human CMV gB was carried out by nested PCR and sequencing of the highly diverse region of glycoprotein B.

Results

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA (viremia) was detected in 40/104 (38.5%) of renal transplant recipients. The average of CMV DNA viral load was 358 x104 copies/ml (6.5 log10) ranged from 62 copies/ml (1.8 log 10) to 1.43x108 copies/ml (9 log10). CMV viremia was detected in (60%) of recipients of less than 1-12 months, (17%) of 13-24, (10%) of 25-36, (5%) of 37- 48 and (8%) in more than 48 months post-transplantation with no significant association (P. value = 0.296) between CMV viremia and post renal transplantation time. The association between the type of immunosuppressive drugs and high viral loads (more than 1000 copies /ml) showed a significant difference (P. value =0.05). The correlation between CMV loads of more than 1000 copies/ml and the presence of symptoms of CMV disease were highly significant (P.value =0.00). Fever 7(41%), fever and leucopenia 6(35%) and gastrointestinal disease 4(24%) were the most common presenting symptoms of CMV disease. CMV-genotyping revealed 8 cases (80%) for gB3, and 2 cases (20%) for gB4 genotypes. The most frequent genotype among Sudanese renal transplant recipients was gB3 and no mixed genotypes were observed.

Conclusions

The frequency of CMV DNA is high among Sudanese renal transplant recipients. CMV viremia viral loads were slightly lower in asymptomatic patients. CMV gB3 is the most predominant glycoprotein B genotype in Sudanese renal transplant recipients.
Interactional Strategies and Anaphoric Repairs of BS Information and Communications (BSIT) Technology Students
Authors: Lacia Kevin , Ginco Julea Nathalie , Maxilom Rowanne Marie Ramos
Published: May 2019

This study aimed to analyze the interactional strategies and anaphoric repairs used in the recorded pair conversations of the Bachelor of Science in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) students who were taking the course ICT 135 (Interactive English). The present research analyzed the ten recorded pair conversations. The results revealed the questions, minimal responses, and making statements predominated among the interactional strategies while the anaphoric repairs included other-initiated self-repair and self-initiated other-repair. This study provides implications to classroom interaction and use of language in interacting with other students. Future researchers can let their participants use their Mother Tongue or the Cebuano language as the language to be used in their research, regardless of the subject taken up by the participants. In using the Mother Tongue, the participants would be more comfortable in speaking providing a more natural and unrestricted flow of conversation.
Sulu Ortamda N-Heterosiklik Karben/Pd(OAc)2 Katalizli Heck C-C Eşleşmesi
Authors: KALOĞLU Nazan
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmada, N-heterosiklik karben (NHC) ligandı olarak yeni 4-fenoksibütil sübstitüyentli benzimidazolyum tuzları sentezlendi ve yapıları 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR ve element analizi yöntemleri ile karakterize edildi. Pd(OAc)2 ve NHC ligandları kullanılarak in situ oluşturulan katalitik sistem, su/DMF karışımında, potasyum karbonat varlığında stiren ve aril bromürlerin Heck eşleşme tepkimelerinde kullanıldı. Eşleşme ürünleri yüksek dönüşüm oranlarında elde edildi.
Agar ve Selüloz Gam İlavesinin Kavılca (Triticum Spelta L.) Un ve Ekmeğinin Reolojik ve Dokusal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YÜKSEL Ferhat
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı konsantrasyonlarda (% 0-0.5 ve 1) hem agar hem de selüloz gam ile zenginleştirilmiş kavılca (Tr. Spelta L.) unundan yapılan hamur ve ekmeklerin bazı reolojik ve tekstürel özelliklerini araştırmaktır. Hamurların reolojik özellikleri için creep-recovery (sürünme-geri kazanım) analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklerin elastik özellikleri % 24.30 ile % 30.53 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Agar ve selüloz gamları ile zenginleştirilmiş hamurların sürünme ve geri kazanım analiz sonuçları istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Tekstür profil analiz (TPA) sonuçlarına göre ilave edilen gamlar ekmek örneklerinin sertlik, yapışkanlık ve çiğnenebilirlik değerlerini artırmıştır (p<0.05). Agar ve selüloz gamların kavılca unu ekmeği üzerine etkileri önemsiz bulunmuştur.
Synthesis and Characterization of Enaminone Derivatives of Barbituric Acid
Authors: FIRINCI Erkan
Published: May 2019

In this study, four enaminones derived from barbituric acid were synthesized with the reaction of 5-formylbarbituric acid and selected primer amines with high yield. The structures of allcompounds were proved by using ATR-FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Also, 19F NMR spectroscopy was used for characterization of 2d. The obtained spectroscopic results have compliedwith reported similar derivatives in literature.
Karbontetraklorür’ün Neden Olduğu Sıçan Böbrek Dokusu Hasarlarına Karşı Kuersetin’in Koruyucu Etkisi
Authors: TURAN AKKOYUN Hurrem
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmada, sıçan böbrek dokusunda karbontetraklorür’ün neden olduğu hasara karşı kuersetin’in etkisi araştırıldı. Çalışmada ağırlıkları yaklaşık (200-300) gr ağırlığında 28 adet yetişkin wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı ve dört gruba ayrıldı. 3 günlük uygulamayı takiben sıçanlar anestezi altına alınarak böbrek dokuları alındı. Böbrek dokusunda SOD, CAT, GPx enzim aktiviteleri ve (8-OHdG) düzeyi değerlendirildi. SOD, CAT, GPx enzim aktiviteleri değerlendirildiğinde, kontrol grubuna oranla CCl4 uygulanan grupta enzim aktivitesinde azalış, CCl4 grubuna oranla CCl4 + kuersetin uygulaması yapılan grupta enzim aktivite düzeyinde artış olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmada, karbontetraklorüre maruz kalan sıçanların böbrek dokusunda 8-OHdG düzeyi değerlendirildiğinde; kontrole oranla karbontetraklorür uygulanan grupta artma, yine kontrole oranla karbontetraklorür + kuersetin uygulanan grupta ise artma, karbontetraklorür grubuna oranla ise karbontetraklorür + kuersetin uygulanan grupta düşme olduğu gözlendi. Kuersetinin, CCl4 tarafından indüklenen böbrek doku hasarı üzerine koruyucu etkisinin olduğu kanaatine varıldı.