bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immediate Loading of Two Single Tooth Implants in the Maxilla: Preliminary Results After One Year
Authors: Nuzzolese Emilio
Published: July 2019

This clinical report describes the traumatic avulsion of the left maxillary central and lateral incisors with minimal tissue trauma, followed by placement of provisional restorations of two root-form implants in a 14-year old female patient. Ten days following the avulsion, implant therapy was performed with Summers osteotomes and flapless technique using a root-form 3i osseotite NT. Angulated abutments and acrylic provisional crowns were placed. No occlusal contact was detected. An impression was made 30 days after implant insertion and ceramic restorations were placed 3 months later. No significant soft tissue contraction was observed during the provisional period. The patient exhibited no clinical or radiologic complications for 8 months after loading. In carefully selected under-aged patients implant therapy and immediate loading in the anterior maxilla for traumatic tooth avulsion may prove to be valuable to avoid soft tissue contraction, alveolar bone resorption, and positive esthetic/psychological response.

Citation

Nuzzolease E. Immediate Loading of Two Single Tooth Implants in the Maxilla: Preliminary Results After One Year. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:148-157.
A Survey of Localized Lesions of Oral Tissues: A Clinicopathological Study
Authors: Bataineh Anwar , Al-Dwairi Ziad Nawaf
Published: July 2019

Objective

The purpose of this study was to establish the relative prevalence of the different histopathological aspects of biopsied localized soft tissue oral lesions in a university-based dental school biopsy service.

Study Design

A retrospective analysis of patients’ records with localized lesions treated in the Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery between 2001 and 2004 was conducted. The lesions were classified into either fibrous lesions or soft hemorrhagic lesions. Clinical data regarding age, gender, location, and treatment of the lesions were obtained for each case.

Results

The majority of the lesions were located in the gingiva. There were a total of 294 cases of which 182 (61.9%) were fibrous lesions and 112 (38.1%) were soft hemorrhagic lesions. All cases were treated by excisional biopsy and elimination of the chronic irritant.

Conclusion

Although this data might be used as a guide for forming clinical impressions about oral lesions, the clinician must always be aware of the possible occurrence of more rare lesions. This study indicates there are some differences in age and gender distribution as well as in location between the different lesions.

Citation

Bataineh A, Al-Dwairi ZN. A Survey of Localized Lesions of Oral Tissues: A Clinicopathological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:030-039.
The Prevalence of Dental Caries among International Students at U.S. Universities
Authors: Woodmansey Karl F.
Published: July 2019

Last year 572,509 international students studied at U.S. universities. The dental health of these students is as diverse as the countries from which they come. This paper discusses the known prevalence and causative factors of dental disease among these students, reported global variations in oral health, and barriers to receiving care faced by international students while in the U.S. The author recommends greater appreciation of the dental needs of this population by scholastic administrators and suggests further research to better quantify the dental needs of this population.

Citation

Woodmansey KF. The Prevalence of Dental Caries among International Students at U.S. Universities. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:124-135.
Clinical Management of the Dental Patient Taking Multiple Drugs
Authors: Jacobsen Peter L. , Chávez Elisa M.
Published: July 2019

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur often in elders often due to polypharmacy. Those over 65 currently comprise 13% of the population but consume approximately a third of all drugs prescribed. Increased care when prescribing certain drug classes and careful monitoring of the patient can prevent many ADRs. This article examines four questions that should be addressed when providing dental care for an older patient taking multiple medications. These include: (1) what are the medical conditions that necessitate the medications, (2) what impact do these medical conditions have on the provision of care, (3) what are the oral side effects of the medications, and (4) how will the patient's current list of medications alter the dentist's prescribing patterns for drugs used in dentistry?

Citation

Jacobsen PL, Chávez EM. Clinical Management of the Dental Patient Taking Multiple Drugs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:144-151.
Effect of Placement Techniques on the Marginal Adaptation of Class V Composite Restorations
Authors: Sensi Luis Guilherme , Marson Fabiano Carlos , Baratieri Luiz Narciso , Junior Sylvio Monteiro
Published: July 2019

Statement of the Problem

Several techniques are proposed for the restoration of Class V cavities but there is no agreement in the literature as to which technique is more effective.

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of different techniques of composite increment placement on the marginal adaptation of Class V restorations.

Methods and Materials

Twenty-four human molars were selected and prepared with standardized saucershaped cavity dimensions of 3.0 mm (occlusal-gingival), 2.0 mm (mesial-distal), and 2.0 mm (depth). The margins are in reference to the cemento-enamel junction with 1.5 mm being located on enamel and 1.5 mm on dentin. The cavities were randomly assigned into three groups (n=8) and restored with composites as follows: Group 1, the occlusal increment was placed and cured first followed by the gingival increment; Group 2, the gingival increment was placed and cured first followed by the occlusal increment; and Group 3, the cavities were restored with one bulk increment. Restorations were immediately finished and stored for 24 h in tap water. Specimens were subjected to thermocycling (1000 cycles, 5°C to 55°C, 30 s dwell time) and immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24 h in room temperature. After rinsing with running water, the restorations were sectioned longitudinally and enamel and dentin margins were evaluated and scored according to the microleakage on a 0-3 scale. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis test at p<0.05.

Results

Median of microleakage scores for all evaluated groups was zero. No statistical difference was observed among the three groups both in enamel (p = 0.5929) and dentin (p = 0.3679) margins

Conclusion

The placement technique did not influence the marginal adaptation of moderate Class V restorations.

Clinical Significance

No differences on marginal adaptation were observed when restoring conservative Class V cavities using incremental or bulk placement techniques.

Citation

Sensi LG, Marson FC, Baratieri LN, Junior SM. Effect of Placement Techniques on the Marginal Adaptation of Class V Composite Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:017-025.
The Significance of Marginal Gap and Overextension Measurement in the Evaluation of the Fit of Complete Crowns
Authors: Boeckler Arne F. , Stadler Anke , Setz Jürgen M.
Published: July 2019

Introduction

An important criterion for the success of a crown is marginal fit. However, in the patient's mouth fit can only be evaluated by subjective methods. This study describes the correlation between objective marginal fit and its subjective evaluation by dentists and dental technicians.

Materials and Methods

Thirty human premolars and molars were randomly divided into six groups and prepared with a shoulder. For each of the six groups, complete crowns were made of different alloys and technologies (casting: AuAgCu, AuPdPt, PdAgAu, CoCrMo, and Ti; milling: Ti). The crowns were cemented with provisional cement. Ten dentists and 10 technicians were asked to evaluate the fit of the crowns with a new dental explorer. The crowns were then cleaned and cemented with a zinc-oxide-phosphate-cement. The marginal gap and a possible overextended margin of the crowns were examined under a special 4x light microscope with a magnification level of 560 X. The means of the gaps and the overextended margins were calculated for each group. Significances were detected by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post-hoctest (Bonferroni, p<0.05). Correlations between objective measuring and subjective evaluation were evaluated using the Pearson test. The influence of the measured values on the subjective evaluation was determined by regression analyses.

Results

Crowns made from different alloys and technologies showed partly significantly (p<0.05) different marginal gaps (mean ranging from 35ìm to 92ìm) and significantly (p<0.05) different overextended margins (mean ranging from 40ìm to 149ìm). There were significant correlations (p<0.05) between subjective findings and objective data. Significant correlations (p<0.01) were also found between the subjective findings of dentists and technicians. Compared to the marginal gap, only the overextended margin had a significant influence (p=0.00) on the subjective evaluations of the clinicians.

Conclusion

Crowns from different alloys and technologies showed differences in marginal fit. Marginal gap and the overextension of the crowns significantly correlated with the subjective evaluation of their fit by dentists and dental technicians. For the decision of the clinicians, whether a crown is acceptable, overextension was more important than marginal gap.

Citation

Boeckler AF, Stadler A, Setz JM. The Significance of Marginal Gap and Overextension Measurement in the Evaluation of the Fit of Complete Crowns. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November; (6)4:026-037.
Load-to-fracture Value of Different All-ceramic Crown Systems
Authors: Snyder Mark David , Hogg Kyle Douglas
Published: July 2019

Objectives

The purpose was to investigate the potential difference in the load-to-fracture values of several all-ceramic crown systems. Five different coping-reinforced all-ceramic crown systems were selected. Ten crowns from each system were fabricated and luted to standardized titanium dies.

Methods

The study consisted of five groups of ten samples each, all luted using G.C. Link Max resin adhesive cement. Group A: IPS Eris®, Group B: Cerac® In-lab Alumina coping, Group C: Cerac® In- lab Zirconia coping, Group D: Procera® AllCeram Alumina coping, and Group E: Procera® Zirconia coping. Following cementation, the samples were placed under a 5 Kg static load for 10 minutes insuring proper seating and stored in 100% humidity for one week. All samples were visually inspected prior to testing and were loaded to fracture at the rate of 0.5 mm/min using a universal-testing machine.

Results

Group A = 321.49 KgF ± 113.69 (S.D.), Group B = 288.63 ± 102.82 (S.D.), Group C = 266.58 ± 69.17 (S.D.), Group D = 295.49 ± 80.54 (S.D.), and Group E = 420.37 ± 82.45 (S.D.). The data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test; this indicated a statistical difference between group E and all of the others (P-value ≤0.039).

Conclusions

We concluded under these conditions, the Procera® Zirconia crown system has significant higher load-to-fracture value than several other all-ceramic crown systems.

Citation

Snyder MD, Hogg KD. Load-to-fracture Value of Different All-ceramic Crown Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:054-063.
Perceived Sources of Stress within a Dental Educational Environment
Authors: Al-Omari Wael M.
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to identify the perceived sources of stress among dental students, dental hygiene students, and dental technology students enrolled at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). The modified dental environment stress questionnaire was administered to 183 students. The perceived stressors varied between major and year. Dental students gave high scores for examinations, reduced holidays, inadequate time for relaxation, fear of failure, completing clinical requirements, and differences in opinion between staff. Dental hygiene students gave the highest scores for uncertainty about the field of study as future career, examinations, inadequate clinical training and supervision, inadequate relaxation, and discrimination between students. Dental technology students also gave high scores for uncertainty about future career, examinations, approachability of the staff, inadequate relaxation, and completing requirements. Females are more stressed than males with regard to personal factors. Dental technology and/or dental hygiene students have significantly higher scores than dental students in 12 items. Students who reported their first choice of study was not their current field of study showed more stress concerning their future careers. The high scores reported for some stressors among students emphasize the need to address student's concerns.

Citation

Al-Omari WM. Perceived Sources of Stress within a Dental Educational Environment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:064-074.
Assessment of DMFT and Enamel Hypoplasia Among Junior High School Children in Iran
Authors: Daneshkazemi A.R. , Davari A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The main purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and enamel hypoplasia in 12-year old students in junior high school in Iran.

Materials and Methods

This descriptive study was carried out in 2001 on 1,223 12-year old students, which were randomly selected in Yazd and Hadi-Shahr, Iran. A questionnaire was designed to record the status of the teeth along with the occupational and educational levels of parents. Data was analyzed using SPSS software, the Chi-square test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

The mean DMFT score was 1.8 ± 1.75 and 28.6% of the students were caries-free. There was no significant relationship between DMFT and the rate of dental caries with parents’ education and occupation. The percentage of enamel hypoplasia was 32.7%. No statistically significant relationships were found between hypoplasia and DMFT with regard to gender. The relationship between enamel hypoplasia with DMFT score and dental caries was statistically significant.

Conclusion

In the present study findings for DMFT scores in 12-year old junior high school children are higher than global standards according to the World Health Organization (WHO) references for the year 2000. There was a strong association between enamel hypoplasia and dental caries, and this subject suggests early diagnosis of enamel defects, health education programs, and suitable treatments should be emphasized in junior high school-aged children.

Citation

Daneshkazemi AR, Davari A. Assessment of DMFT and Enamel Hypoplasia Among Junior High School Children in Iran. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:085-092.
Retrospective Clinical and Radiologic Evaluation of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
Authors: Suchina John A. , Levine Debora , Flaitz Catherine M. , Nichols C. Mark , Hicks M. John
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This retrospective study evaluated the clinical and radiographic status of nonsurgical endodontic treatment (ET) of anterior and posterior teeth in HIV-seropositive patients.

Methods

ET was analyzed in 26 anterior and 34 posterior teeth from 54 consecutive HIV patients (gender ratio 3 Male : 1 Female, mean age 40.2 years, mean CD4 240, CD4<500 in 88%, 12 with AIDS) over a six year period with a minimum of six months follow-up. ET was evaluated as successful, questionable, or failure based upon clinical factors (palpation, mobility, sinus tract, percussion, function, infection/swelling, occlusion, symptoms) and radiographic factors (periodontal ligament space, rarefaction, lamina dura, root resorption, obturation) during post-treatment examinations with a mean follow up of 26 months.

Results

Clinical evaluation at follow up found ET outcome was successful in 88%, questionable in 10% (tenderness with percussion, mobility, widened ligament), and a failure in 2% (developed lesion after ET). Periapical lesions were present in 37% of cases (mean lesion size 6.2 mm). Following ET, mean lesion size (1.8 mm) had decreased by 71%. Obturation was evaluated as optimal or acceptable in 68%. Radiographic evaluation was considered successful in 80%, no change in 15%, and a failure in 5%.

Conclusions

Despite obturation deficiencies and the immunocompromised state of the patients, endodontic therapy has a relatively high degree of success in the majority of HIV/AIDS patients. HIV infection and AIDS should not be considered as a contraindication to endodontic therapy in this patient population.

Citation

Suchina JA, Levine D, Flaitz CM, Nichols CM, Hicks MJ. Retrospective Clinical and Radiologic Evaluation of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:001-008.
Odontogenic Myxoma – A Case Report and Clinico-Radiographic Study of Seven Tumors
Authors: Dezotti Mariela Siqueira Gião , Azevedo Luciana Reis , Fontão Flávia Noemi Gasparini Kiatake , Capelozza Ana Lůcia Ålvares , Sant'ana Eduardo
Published: July 2019

The primary aim of this paper is to present clinical and radiographic aspects of odontogenic myxomas diagnosed at the Stomatology Clinic of Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil and to compare them with data reported in a series published in the literature. A second objective is to report a clinical case of odontogenic myxoma in a 9-year-old patient in whom the lesion involved the anterior region of the maxilla. Dental records between 1975 and 2000 were reviewed and seven cases diagnosed as odontogenic myxoma were found in individuals aged from nine to 60 years. Of these, four occurred in women and three in men. The mandible was affected in five cases and the maxilla in two. All patients presented with asymptomatic swelling in the affected area. A mixed radiographic result was observed in five patients, while in two patients the lesion was completely radiolucent. The borders of the lesion were well-defined in six patients. In four cases there was dental displacement, although root resorption was not observed in any of these. The treatment of choice was surgical excision. Four cases did not recur during the period of follow-up, which varied from nine months to 19 years. It was concluded the clinico-radiographic study of odontogenic myxomas should be continually refined with the aim of offering the patient an appropriate treatment, since the lesion presents a high potential for recurrence.

Citation

Dezotti MSG, Azevedo LR, Fontão FNGK, Capelozza ALA, Sant'ana E. Odontogenic Myxoma – A Case Report and Clinico-Radiographic Study of Seven Tumors. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7) 1:117-124.
Congenital Lower Lip Pits (Van der Woude Syndrome): Report of a Case
Authors: Kirzioğlu Zuhal , Ertürk Münciye Semra Özay
Published: July 2019

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by a cleft lip and palate with congenital lip pits. This is a report of a case of VWS with sinuses in the lower lip, a cleft in the upper lip, and a supernumerary tooth in the maxilla. The main characteristics of this disorder are discussed. Dental treatment of the patient was performed, but the surgical removal of the sinus was rejected by the parents. This case report brings this condition to the attention of dentists and surgeons and emphasizes lip pits may not always be identical in appearance.

Citation

Kirzioğlu Z, Ertürk MSÖ. Congenital Lower Lip Pits (Van der Woude Syndrome): Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:134-140.
Direct Technique for the Fabrication of Acrylic Provisional Restorations
Authors: Schwedhelm E. Ricardo
Published: July 2019

Provisional restorations are fabricated to protect the prepared tooth structure during the period between tooth preparation and insertion of the definitive restoration. These restorations are also referred to in the literature as interim, temporary, or provisional restorations (prostheses). Such restorations should be uncomplicated and inexpensive to fabricate in a short period of time. Several laboratory and clinical techniques for the fabrication of provisional restorations have been described in the literature, such as the indirect technique, direct technique, and indirect-direct techniques for both single and multiple unit restorations. This article describes a step by step clinical technique for the fabrication of a direct provisional restoration to satisfy the issues of esthetics, patient comfort, speech and function, maintenance of periodontal health, and maxillomandibular relationships while wearing the restoration.

Citation

Schwedhelm ER. Direct Technique for the Fabrication of Acrylic Provisional Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:157-173.
Evaluation of the Smear Layer Removal Effectiveness of EDTA Using Two Techniques: An SEM Study
Authors: Tinaz A. Cemal , Alaçam Tayfun , Karadag L. Sibel , Mihçioğlu Tansev
Published: July 2019

Obtaining the cleanest canal possible before obturation is one of the goals of endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the smear layer removal capability of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) application with passive ultrasonic and cotton wrapped on reamer activation. Twelve extracted human teeth with single root canals were used for the study. They were conventionally hand instrumented using reamers and K files. The apical aspect of the canals was enlarged to a #40 file. The teeth were divided into 4 four groups, instrumented and irrigated as follows: Group-A EDTA agitated at the end of preparation with cotton wrapped on a reamer for 1 min; Group-B EDTA applied with ultrasonic agitation for 1 min; Group-C irrigated with EDTA+sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (negative control group); and Group-D irrigated with distilled water (positive control group). After scanning electron microscopic study at three different levels, smear layer and dentinal tubules were scored. Means were tested for significance using the Z test.

When the techniques were compared, the cotton wrapped on reamer agitation method was as successful as the ultrasonic activation of the files. Although all groups had significantly higher smear layer scores at apical compared to coronal sections, no significant differences were recorded.

Citation

Tinaz AC, Karadag LS, Alaçam T, Mihçioglu T. Evaluation of the Smear Layer Removal Effectiveness of EDTA Using Two Techniques: An SEM Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:009-016.
The Composition of Unstimulated Whole Saliva of Healthy Dental Students
Authors: Agha-Hosseini Farzaneh , Dizgah Iraj Mirzail , Amirkhani Sara
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the unstimulated whole saliva biochemical parameters in healthy dental students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) living in the students’ dormitory with a mean age of 22 years. Five ml whole saliva samples were obtained by expectoration. The saliva composition was measured by a spectrophotometer and affiliated kits. The data was analyzed through the student's unpaired t-test using the SPSS program. In the male students (n=50) the mean concentrations of glucose (mmol/l), inorganic phosphate (mmol/l), total protein (mg/ml), magnesium (mmol/l), chloride (mmol/l), and calcium (mmol/l) were 0.75±0.44, 1.52±0.63, 6.69±2.89, 1.27±0.45, 27.60±11.06, and 2.17±0.76, respectively. In the female students (n=50) they were 0.73±0.47, 1.58±0.63, 7.26±3.78, 1.37±0.44, 30.42±12.74, and 1.87±0.78, respectively. There were no significant differences between the whole saliva values in male and female students.

Citation

Agha-hosseini F, Mirzaii Dizgah I, Amirkhani S. The Composition of Unstimulated Whole Saliva of Healthy Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:104-111.
Smoking Habits of Adolescents and the Role of Dentists
Authors: Garg Rajeev Kr.
Published: July 2019

Tobacco smoking has a devastating effect on the health and well-being of the public and remains the nation's leading avoidable cause of premature mortality and disability. On an average, each smoker who dies would have lived another 15 years if he/she was a non-smoker. Though adult smoking has decreased markedly, there is an alarming rise in the use of tobacco among adolescents.

One unique aspect of dentistry is some of the adverse health effects of tobacco uses are clinically apparent in the oral cavity at a relatively early stage of use. More than one-half of the adult population and nearly threequarters of the student population see a dentist each year, and yet 80% of dentists do not routinely ask about tobacco use and advise tobacco users to quit.

Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and the urge to continue smoking is powerful. As doctors our motto in advising patients should be, “If you smoke, quit. If you don't, then don't try it.” The second part of the message is especially important for adolescents, since most adult smokers started their habit as adolescents.

The authors have highlighted the harmful effects of smoking and the role dentists have to impart as responsible citizens in educating their patients, especially in the younger generation to help them lead a healthier and more meaningful tomorrow.

Citation

Garg RK, Tandon S. Smoking Habits of Adolescents and the Role of Dentists. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:120-129.
A Lighting Approach for Clinical Photographs of the Face
Authors: Vachiramon Amornpong , Wang Wendy C. , Tovee Martin
Published: July 2019

This article describes an alternative approach of lighting setup for taking clinical photographs of the face. The lighting techniques presented in this article will help the clinician obtain good-quality clinical photographs.

Citation

Vachiramon A, Wang WC, Tovee M. A Lighting Approach for Clinical Photographs of the Face. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:153-159.
The Relationship of the Inferior Dental Canal to the Roots of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars in Jordanian Population
Authors: Hazza's Abdalla M. , Albashaireh Zakarreya S.M. , Bataineh Anwar B.
Published: July 2019

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the topographic relationship between the inferior dental canals (IDCs) and the roots of impacted mandibular third molars.

Methods

Preoperative orthopantomograms (OPGs) were examined and the proximity of the IDC to the roots of impacted mandibular third molars was categorized into the following: groups: superimposition, adjacent, perforation, grooving, notching, or none. The categories notching, grooving, and perforation were regrouped together and called the true relationship between the IDC and the root apices. The type of impaction, age, and sex of the patient were also noted.

Results

The positional category of 96.1% of the radiographs with bilateral impactions was identical on both sides of the mandible. Out of 2526 impacted mandibular third molars examined, 1146 (45.3%) belonged to the superimposition category, 663 (26.2%) were adjacent, 312 (12.3%) showed grooving, 78 (3.08%) showed notching, and 9 (0.35%) were actually perforating the IDC. The results showed 15.7% of the total cases were in true relationship with the IDC. There was a significant association (p = 0.000) between patient's age and true relationship.

Conclusions

Identical positional relationship of the bilateral impacted third molars to the IDC was noted in 96.1% of the radiographs. The position of the IDC in relation to the roots of impacted third molars varied according to the patient's age.

Citation

Hazza'a AM, Albashaireh ZSM, Bataineh AB. The Relationship of the Inferior Dental Canal to the Roots of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars in a Jordanian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:071-078.
Comparison of Two Chlorhexidine Rinse Protocols on the Incidence of Alveolar Osteitis following the Surgical Removal of Impacted Third Molars
Authors: Şener Ismail , Metin Murat , Tek Mustafa
Published: July 2019

Principles

Alveolar osteitis (dry socket) is the most common complication following the extraction of permanent teeth. This study was undertaken to compare the effect of two chlorhexidine rinse protocols on the incidence of alveolar osteitis in patients undergoing surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar teeth.

Methods

A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted among 99 subjects. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects were instructed to rinse twice daily with 15 ml of chlorhexidine rinse 30 seconds for one week before and one week after surgery (group I) or one week after surgery (group II). Postoperatively, all patients were instructed to return in one week or sooner if bothersome pain increased or persisted. Data were collected regarding abnormal healing, presence of necrotic tissue, exposed bone, and absence of clot.

Results

The results indicated group I and group II were not statistically significant different in the reduction of alveolar osteitis.

Conclusions

To reduce alveolar osteitis after impacted third molar surgery, it was observed use of postoperative chlorhexidine rinse was adequate. The postoperative use of chlorhexidine is more feasible than both preoperative and postoperative use.

Citation

Metin M, Tek M, Şener I. Comparison of Two Chlorhexidine Rinse Protocols on the Incidence of Alveolar Osteitis following the Surgical Removal of Impacted Third Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:079-086.
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength and SEM Observation of All-in-one Self-etching Primer Used for Bonding of Fissure Sealants
Authors: Al-Sarheed Maha Abdulla
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To evaluate and compare enamel shear bond strength of an all-in-one self-etching primer (Prompt™ L-Pop™) to regular acid etch material when bonded to two-fissure sealant systems (Concise and Dyract Seal).

Method and Materials

Forty newly extracted non-carious first permanent molars were embedded in a Teflon mold. The teeth were divided into four groups and each consisted of ten specimens. The bonding surfaces were treated with either Prompt L-Pop as recommended by the manufacturer or etched with phosphoric acid. After 24 hours of water storage, the specimens were evaluated for shear bond strength using an Instron testing machine. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examinations were carried out to evaluate the failure sites of the sealants.

Results

The mean shear bond strengths using Prompt L-Pop were Concise: 23.46 MPa and Dyract Seal: 20.34 MPa. These values were higher than and statistically different from those of Dyract Seal (9.99 MPa) and Concise (8.85 MPa) when phosphoric acid was used. The failure was predominantly of the adhesive type. The SEM examination showed the failure of debonding was predominantly related to the type of etching systems used rather than the type of fissure sealants.

Conclusion

The use of the all-in-one self-etching adhesive Prompt L-Pop improves the mean enamel shear bond strength of fissure sealants.

Citation

Al-Sarheed MA. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength and SEM Observation of All-in-one Self-etching Primer Used for Bonding of Fissure Sealants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:009-016.
The Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Polymerization Shrinkage of Light-cured Composite Filling Materials
Authors: Elhejazi Ahmed A.
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light intensity on polymerization shrinkage of resin composites. The five materials tested were Lite-Fil (A) (LFA), Lite-Fil (P) (LFP), Z100, Palfique, (PAL) and Tetric (TRC). Two types of measurements were made to determine the effects of environmental temperature and light intensity. Results were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls procedure at (P<0.05). The changes in temperature and/or light intensity strongly affected composite shrinkage. The amount of shrinkage for LFP at 100% light intensity in room temperature (23°C) was 1.26% and increased up to 2.29% at 60°C. By raising the temperature to 37°C and dropping the light intensity to 42% (459mW/cm2), the amount of polymerization shrinkage was similar to that with full light intensity, and statistically there were no significant differences between 37°C, 45°C, and 60°C. Lower temperatures and lower light intensities produce lower values of shrinkage. However, if the light intensity is below 28%, higher temperatures (60°C) must be applied to obtain a comparable amount of shrinkage.

Clinical Relevance

Pre-heating composite resin materials at body temperature (37°C) is likely to improve physical properties and compensate any drop of light intensity.

Citation

Elhejazi AA. The Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Polymerization Shrinkage of Light-cured Composite Filling Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:012-021.
Use of CVDentUS Diamond Tips for Ultrasound in Cavity Preparation
Authors: Basting Roberta Tarkany , Predebon Juliane Ceolin , Flório Flávia Martão
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of CVDentUS tips for preparing cavities with ultrasound by dentists certified to use the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) system.

Methods and Materials

One thousand sixty (1060) questionnaires were sent via e-mail inquiring about the use of the system with regard to the indication for use, need for anesthesia, final form of cavity preparation, and tip wear.

Results

Of the valid answers, 81.4% of the dentists used this system for tooth preparation in up to 60% of cases treated. For these procedures, 17.8% did not require use of local anesthesia while using the system. The final form of preparation compared to high speed diamond tips was considered to be more conservative by 48.3% of the certified professionals. With regard to wear, tip and/or adapter fractures, and low cutting speed, 44.4% of users reported problems.

Discussion

The CVD system seems to be used for tooth cavity preparation by the majority of the certified dentists. This is due to the resultant conservation of tooth structure despite the necessity of anesthesia and the limitations with regard to the lack of cutting efficiency of CVDentUS and tip wear.

Clinical Significance

The CVD system seems to present limitations with regard to cutting efficiency, wear, and the use of anesthesia in a majority of restorative procedures.

Citation

Predebon JC, Flório FM, Basting RT. Use of CVDentUS Diamond Tips for Ultrasound in Cavity Preparation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:050-058.
Apical Leakage of Resilon™ Obturation Material
Authors: Bodrumlu Emre , Tunga Umut
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the apical sealing ability of Resilon™ obturation material.

Methods and Materials

Forty-two single rooted extracted human teeth were selected and randomly divided into three groups. They were obturated using lateral condensation with gutta-percha and AH 26/AH plus and Resilon™; also, 12 root canals were used as control groups. The apical leakage was measured using the dye penetration methodology.

Results

The teeth filled with gutta-percha and AH 26 displayed the most apical leakage. The least apical leakage was shown with Resilon™

Discussion

The differences in leakage among the groups, gutta-percha with AH 26 (2.4 mm, SD:1.87), gutta-percha with AH plus (2.1 mm, SD: 1.69), and Resilon™ (1.7 mm, SD:1.32), were statistically significant (p< 0.001).

Conclusion

Based on the data of this study, all groups produced a satisfactory seal. However, Resilon™ and Epiphany™ sealer showed the least apical leakage.

Citation

Bodrumlu E, Tunga U. Apical Leakage of Resilon™ Obturation Material. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:045-052.
Short Fiber Reinforced Composite: The Effect of Fiber Length and Volume Fraction
Authors: Lassila Lippo V.J. , Vallittu Pekka K. , Garoushi Sufyan K.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of short fiber volume fraction and fiber length on some mechanical properties of short fiber-reinforced composite (FRC).

Methods and Materials

Test specimens (2 x 2 x 25 mm3) and (9.5 x 5.5 x 3 mm3) were made from short random FRC and prepared with different fiber volumes (0%-22%) and fiber lengths (1-6 mm). Control specimens did not contain fiber reinforcement. The test specimens (n=6) were either dry stored or thermocycled in water (x10.000, 5 – 55°C) before loading (three-point bending test) according to ISO 10477 or statically loaded with a steel ball (Ø 3.0 mm) with a speed of 1.0 mm/min until fracture. A universal testing machine was used to determine the flexural properties and the load-bearing capacity. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p=0.05) and a linear regression model.

Results

The highest flexural strength and fracture load values were registered for specimens with 22 vol% of fibers (330 MPa and 2308 N) and with 5 mm fiber length (281 MPa and 2222 N) in dry conditions. Mechanical properties of all test specimens decreased after thermocycling. ANOVA analysis revealed all factors were affected significantly on the mechanical properties (p<0.001).

Conclusions

By increasing the volume fraction and length of short fibers up to 5 mm, which was the optimum length, the mechanical properties of short FRC were improved.

Citation

Garoushi SK, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. Short Fiber Reinforced Composite: The Effect of Fiber Length and Volume Fraction. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:010-017.
The Effect of Two Different Polishing Techniques on Microleakage of New Composites in Class V Restorations
Authors: Baseren Meserret , Yalcin Filiz , Korkmaz Yonca
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of polishing systems on the microleakage of a nanofill, a nanohybrid, and a microhybrid composite in Class V cavities.

Methods and Materials

Preparations were made at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) of 36 extracted human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups and restored with new resin composites according to the manufacturers’ instructions as follows: Group 1, Filtek Supreme & Single Bond; Group 2, Grandio & Solobond; and Group 3, Artemis & Excite. The restorations were finished with diamond finishing burs. The restored/finished teeth were randomly divided into two groups and polished using the following systems: Super-Snap (Al2O2 coated, abrasive disc system, fine grit, and extra fine grit) and Astropol/Astrobrush (silicon-based abrasive polisher point and polisher brush). All specimens were thermocycled 1000 times with a 10 second dwell time. They were immersed in 0.5% aqueous basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours and then sectioned buccal-lingual-longitudinally through the center of both restorations of each tooth and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 30X magnification. The degree of dye penetration was quantified.

Result

No significant difference in leakage scores was observed in enamel margins (p=0.456, Kruskall Wallis test), but dentin margins were significantly affected by the different polishing systems (p=0.037, Kruskall Wallis test). The lower leakage scores were recorded for Astropol/Astrobrush polishing systems. The nanofill composite showed the least leakage among the test groups in this study. The most leakage was observed in nanohybrid composite resin (p<0.05, Mann Whitney U test).

Conclusions

Under the conditions of this in vitro study: the microleakage resistance of composites at enamel margins is not significantly affected by the different polishing systems; the lowest leakage scores were recorded for Astropol/Astrobrush polishing techniques in different types of composites; and the ranking of the composite materials from most to least leakage at the dentin margins according to polishing techniques was Grandio >Artemis > Filtek Supreme.

Citation

Yalcin F, Korkmaz Y, BasŞeren M. The Effect of Two Different Polishing Techniques on Microleakage of New Composites in Class V Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:018-025.
Effect of the Number of Coats of Simplified Adhesive Systems on Microleakage of Dentin-Bordered Composite Restorations
Authors: Pazinatto Flavia Bittencourt , Atta Maria Teresa , Harada Tânia Sayuri , Wang Linda
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study tested the null hypothesis that there is no difference on microleakage of dentin-bordered composite restorations using single or double coats of adhesive from one-bottle adhesive systems.

Methods and Materials

The enamel surface was removed from freshly extracted bovine teeth, and standardized Class V cavities (3 x 3 x 1.5 mm) were made at the cervical areas of buccal surfaces. Teeth were restored and grouped according to type of adhesive systems [Prime Bond 2.1 (PB2.1), Prime & Bond NT (PBNT), and Single Bond (SB)] and to the number of coats (one or two) to be used. The restorations were polished and immersed in a 0.5% aqueous solution of basic fuchsin for four hours. Teeth were then sectioned and the most infiltrated section of each tooth was selected under magnification, scanned, and quantitatively analyzed using a computer program. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls (α=0.05).

Results

Groups without filler content (PB2.1 and SB) showed no difference in microleakage using single or double coats. However, PBNT (with nanofiller) showed statistically less microleakage when only one coat was applied. The influence of the number of coats of the adhesive systems on dentin margin microleakage was material dependent.

Conclusion

All adhesive systems demonstrated microleakage, however, it could be minimized using two coats of non-filled or one coat of a filled adhesive system.

Citation

Harada TS, Pazinatto FB, Wang L, Atta MT. Effect of the Number of Coats of Simplified Adhesive Systems on Microleakage of Dentin-Bordered Composite Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:034-041.
Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan
Authors: Khader Yousef Saleh , Alsaeed Oula , Burgan Samar Zaal , Amarin Zouhair Odeh
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of self reported medical conditions among dental patients attending dental teaching clinics in north Jordan.

Methods and Materials

A total of 1,509 patients were included, of which 46.1% were males and 53.9% were females. All age groups were included and ranged between 14 and 78 years. The findings were analyzed in relation to age and gender.

Results

Overall, gastrointestinal disease was most prevalent (11.9%), followed by bleeding tendencies (9.3%), renal disorders (8.7%), respiratory disease (8.3%), and hypertension (6.4%). Only 3.2% of the participants reported having antibiotics prescribed for them prior to a dental procedure for prophylactic purposes.

Conclusion

Due to the high frequency of medical conditions, thorough evaluation of patients’ medical and dental care histories should be a mandatory first step in their management.

Citation

Khader YS, Alsaeed O, Burgan SZ, Amarin ZO. Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:060-067.
Shear Bond Strength of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Bonded to Different Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials
Authors: Ateyah Nasrien Z. , Taher Nadia Malek
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine in vitro the shear bond strength (MPa) and the type of bond failure when resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) was bonded with different tooth-colored restorative materials.

Methods and Materials

The RMGIC tested was Fuji II LC (FL) and the tooth-colored restorative materials used were composite resin Point-4 (P4), Compomer Dyract AP (DY), and Ormocere Admira (AD). A total number of 60 FL specimens were prepared using Teflon molds. The specimens were divided into six equal groups. Each group of ten specimens was bonded to a tested tooth-colored restorative material as follows: Group I - etched FL bonded to P4; Group II - non-etched FL bonded to P4; Group III - etched FL bonded to DY; Group IV - non-etched FL bonded to DY; Group V - etched FL bonded to AD; and Group VI - non-etched FL bonded to AD. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The shear bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine, and the fractured surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope.

Results

The results of the shear bond strength indicated the lowest mean value (14.46 MPa) was in Group III, and this was significantly different from the values of other groups (p<0.05). However, Groups V and VI recorded the highest mean values (24.5 MPa and 28.39 MPa) which were significantly different (p<0.05) when compared to other groups. Groups I, II, and IV showed no significant difference with mean values of 20.06, 19.99, and 20.1 MPa which were significantly different from other groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion

AD showed the highest shear bond strength to RMGIC. All groups demonstrated a cohesive failure in FL except for Group IV where a cohesive failure in DY was recorded. AD showed good shear bond strength when laminated with FL.

Citation

Taher NM, Ateyah NZ. Shear Bond Strength of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Bonded to Different Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:025-034.
The Influence of Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium Alloy on the Final Shade of Low-fusing Porcelain
Authors: Al Wazzan Khalid A. , Al Hussaini Ibrahim S.
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of commercially pure titanium (PTi) and titaniumaluminum- vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloys (TiA) on the final shade of low-fusing porcelain bonded to them and to compare the shade changes with those of three conventional metal-ceramic systems.

Methods and Materials

A titanium casting unit was used to cast PTi and Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimens followed by A3 shade low-fusing porcelain (Noritake) being bonded to them. Gold-based (AuA), palladium-based (PdA), and nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloys were cast with an automatic centrifugal casting machine, then A3 shade conventional porcelain material (Vita, VMK 95) was applied to them. Ten specimens of each metal were then fabricated. The CIE L* a* b* color coordinates of the specimens were measured with a spectrophotometer.

Results

All alloys had significant color changes when compared with A3 shade tabs. The color differences from the shade tabs were 5.79 for the Ti-6Al-4V group, 6.46 for PdA alloy, 8.12 for AuA alloy, 8.15 for Ni-Cr alloy, and 12.58 for PTi. The specimens differed from the shade tabs primarily because of the differences in a* and b* coordinate values.

Conclusions

Predictable shade reproduction of metal-ceramic restorations (MCRs) may be impaired by the underlying metal. The PTi had the greatest color differences among all the tested metal when compared with the shade tabs, whereas the Ti-6Al-4V alloy had the lowest. PTi is more likely to affect the final shade of low-fusing porcelain than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Citation

Al Wazzan KA, Al Hussaini IS. The Influence of Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium-Aluminum- Vanadium Alloy on the Final Shade of Low-fusing Porcelain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:097-104.