bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal measures of societal optimism reveal inversion of sentiment toward the near and distant future
Authors: Isch Calvin , ten Thij Marijn , Todd Peter M. , Bollen Johan
Published: January 2021

Individuals can hold contrasting views about distinct times, e.g., dread over tomorrow’s appointment and excitement about next summer’s vacation. Yet, psychological measures of happiness and optimism often assess only one time-point. Taking inspiration from the Treasury bond yield curve, which compares bond yields by their date to maturity, we compare online sentiment about different future times. Using over 2.1M tweets that reference 23 points in the future (2 days-30 years), we calculate the monthly mean sentiment toward each time point and analyze how it differs across short-, medium-, and longer-term future references. We call this function the optimism curve, as it measures levels of optimism toward different times into the future. Over the three year period of August 2017 to October 2020, we generally see a downward optimism curve, i.e., the long-term future is discussed less positive than the short-term. During the COVID-19 pandemic the optimism curve temporarily inverted, indicating declining optimism about the near future. Our findings show that social media users make differentiated assessments of the future that change in real-time to reflect uncertainty and major societal events.
Intelligence, Science and the Ignorance Hypothesis
Authors: Mandel David R.
Published: January 2021

This paper examines intelligence analysis as a form of reasoning and judgment under conditions of uncertainty. As such it is susceptible to cognitive and motivational biases. I examine how the intelligence community has attempted to mitigate such biases and comment on the fact that it has adopted a fundamentally prescientific approach. Recent psychological studies that shed light on the effectiveness of intelligence community policies and practices are reviewed.
How WEIRD is CHI?
Authors: Linxen Sebastian , Sturm Christian , Brühlmann Florian , Cassau Vincent , Opwis Klaus , Reinecke Katharina
Published: January 2021

Computer technology is often designed in technology hubs in Western countries, invariably making it “WEIRD”, because it is based on the intuition, knowledge, and values of people who are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic. Developing technology that is universally useful and engaging requires knowledge about members of WEIRD and non-WEIRD societies alike. In other words, it requires us, the CHI community, to generate this knowledge by studying representative participant samples. To find out to what extent CHI participant samples are from Western societies, we analyzed papers published in the CHI proceedings between 2016-2020. Our findings show that 73% of CHI study findings are based on Western participant samples, representing less than 12% of the world’s population. Furthermore, we show that most participant samples at CHI tend to come from industrialized, rich, and democratic countries with generally highly educated populations. Encouragingly, recent years have seen a slight increase in non-Western samples and those that include several countries. We discuss suggestions for further broadening the international representation of CHI participant samples.
Impact of Students Enrolled in Higher Education vis-à-vis Usage of e-PG Pathshala Resources: An Exploratory Study on Select Universities
Authors: Panda Subhajit
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyse the state-wise impact of uses of e-PG Pathshala by the students enrolled in higher education in India.The study examines the status of acceptance of e-PG Pathshala as an e-learning platform to among the students of higher education in different Indian states.Methodology: The total visitors of e-PG Pathshala were collected manually from the official website of e-PG Pathshala, list of total number of Universities were collected from official website of UGC and the data of total enrolment of higher education was collected from AISHE final report 2018-19.Analysis: Data analysis was done using spreadsheet software for enhanced visualization and to understand the arrangement and correlation between different variables of the data set.Result: The study result shows that, maximum number of e-PG visitors, universities and enrolled students in higher education belongs to the state Uttar Pradesh. The statistical findings also indicate a significant and positive correlation between the variables.Implications: The results of the study gave a clear picture of the acceptance of e-PG Pathshala among the students of different Indian states. And based on the value improvement and awareness programme can be done to those states where the number of e-PG visitors is very low.Originality: No previous study could be identified dealing with the finding of the study.
New Students’ Perceptions on the Implementation of Zoning-Based PPDB
Authors: Raharjo Sabar Budi , Yuliana Lia , Purnama Joko
Published: January 2021

This research aims to determine the perceptions of new students on the implementation of zoning-based PPDB (New Learner Admission Activities). The method in this research was mixed-method approach. Primary data was obtained through distributing questionnaires filled out by students. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique in five cities, including Bandung, Surakarta, Surabaya, Pontianak and Serang. The data analysis technique used the Miles and Huberman model. The results show that the school which initially received the favourite label is still the favourite one because of the facilities and infrastructure and the implementation of the existing learning process in the school. The zoning system based on student perceptions does not reduce enthusiasm for learning. The zoning-based PPDB for junior high school and senior high school is more guaranteed for students who live close to the school to get the target school. The zoning system has been well implemented in four cities, including Surabaya, Bandung, Surakarta and Pontianak. In addition, the zoning system can save money.
Educational Needs of Adult Refugees’ Educators: A Greek Case Study
Authors: Kafritsa Vasiliki , Anagnou Evaggelos , Fragoulis Iosif
Published: January 2021

In the present paper we tried to describe the educational needs of the adult refugees’ educators in the area of Leros, Greece. To collect our data, we used the qualitative approach and conducted interviews throughout the avalanche sampling, so that the participants could express their ideas and perceptions. Our sample consists of adult refugees’ educators working in NGO ECHO100PLUS, which is activated in Leros. The analysis of the data revealed the educators’ inexperience and lack of training, At the same time, those areas where trainers need further training, as well as their preferences for trainers and the type of training, were recorded.
СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО РОССИИ С КИРГИЗИЕЙ, КАЗАХСТАНОМ, ТАДЖИКИСТАНОМ, УЗБЕКИСТАНОМ В РАМКАХ ШОС И ЕАЭС
Authors: Schensnovish Valentina
Published: January 2021

В обзоре отражены актуальные аспекты взаимодействия государств - членов ШОС в политике, экономике, в сфере науки и образования. Особое значение придается цифровизации, молодежным проектам, деятельности международных информационных и научных центров, влияющих на интеграционные процессы в евразийском пространстве, научно-образовательному сотрудничеству вузов. Обзор написан специально для бюллетеня «Россия и мусульманский мир»
Earthquakes and crustal structure of Himalaya from Himalayan Nepal-Tibet seismic experiment (HIMNT)
Authors: Sheehan Anne F. , La Torre Thomas De , Monsalve Gaspar , Schulte-Pelkum Vera , Bilham Roger , Blume Frederick , Bendick Rebecca , Wu Francis , Pandey M. R. , Sapkota S. , Rajaure S.
Published: January 2021

The Himalayan Nepal - Tibet PASSCAL Seismic Experiment (HIMNT) included the deployment of 28 broadband seismometers throughout eastern Nepal and southern Tibet in 2001- 2002. The main goals of the project were to better understand the mountain building processes of this region through studies of seismicity and Earth structure determined from local and teleseismic earthquakes. The seismic deployment was in collaboration with the National Seismological Centre, Department of Mines and Geology, Nepal, and the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Our new subsurface images from HIMNT teleseismic receiver functions and local earthquake tomography show evidence of the basal decollement of the Himalaya (Main Himalayan Thrust, MHT) and an increase in Moho depth from - 45 km beneath Nepal to -75 km beneath Tibet. We find strong seismic anisotropy above the decollement, likely developed in response to shear on the MHT. The shear may be taken up as slip in great earthquakes at shallower depths. Many local earthquakes were recorded during the deployment, and the large contrast in crustal thickness and velocity structure over a small lateral distance makes the use of a 3D velocity model important to determine accurate hypocentres. Large north-south variations are found in P and S wave velocity structure across the array. High Pn velocities are found beneath southern Tibet. Seismicity shows strong alignment of shallow (15-25 km depth) events beneath the region of highest relief along the Himalayan Front, and a cluster of upper mantle earthquakes beneath southern Tibet (70-90 km depth). Weak-mantle models do not expect the upper mantle earthquakes. Focal mechanisms of these upper mantle earthquakes beneath southern Tibet are mostly strike-slip, markedly different from the norm al faulting mechanisms observed for earthquakes in the mid and upper crust beneath Tibet. This change in the orientation of the major horizontal compression axis from vertical in the upper crust to horizontal in the upper mantle suggests a transition from deformation driven by body forces in the crust to plate boundary forces in the upper mantle. Several lines of evidence point to a decoupling zone in the Tibetan mid or lower crust, which may be related to the presence of a previously suggested flow channel in the Tibetan mid crust.
Cause and mechanism of the Seti River flood, 5th May 2012, western Nepal
Authors: Dwivedi Shreekamal , Neupane Yojana
Published: January 2021

A catastrophic flash flood has occurred in the Seti River in the morning of May 5, 2012. An attempt has been made to find out the cause of the flood which originated form very remote inaccessible area lying in the Western slope of the Annapurna IV peak. Comparative Analysis of the Landsat ETM satellite images of 20th April, 2012 and 6th May, 2012 revealed that the area of about 32000 square meter of the southern ridge 1.5 kilometer away from the Annapurna IV peak failed in the north western direction. The impact of descending mass of the failed mountain from 6850 meters to 4500 meters almost vertically pulverized the ice, sediment and rock. The impact even triggered seismicity at 9:09.56 AM, local time which was recorded all over the 21 stations of National Seismological Centre. The closest seismic station at Dansing which is 32 km. south west from the area recorded the high signals for 70 minutes which corresponds to the duration of the debris flow. Lab analysis of the flood water sample revealed the density of the flow as 1.88 gm/cc. Analysis of the satellite based hourly rainfall GSMaP NRT from the period form 20th April-6th May 2012 revealed that there were just 4 occurrences of rainfall which amounted less than I mm/hour in the source area of the avalanche. The rainfall > 6mm/hour which occurred in the Kharapani area on 4 May was localized rainfall which did not extend to the avalanche area. Lack of systematic disaster preparedness caused huge loss of life and property even though the early warning message was received from the Ultralight pilot who was flying close to the area. The avalanche triggered high intensity floods which have similar characteristics to glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) have emerged as a new hazard in the Himalaya.
The formation mechanism of garnet porphyroblast in quartz schist, Namche Barwa, east Himalaya
Authors: Cai Zhihui , Cao Hui
Published: January 2021

The quartz schist in the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone, from Namche Barwa, east Himalaya undergone extensive mylonization with well developed, foliation and lineation; its S-C fabric, "σ" and "δ" type porphyroblasts and asymmetrical folds indicate the northwestward normal slip ductile shear deformation. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) data, lattice preferred orientation (LPO) patterns for quartzes in the matrix foliation (or external foliation, S) and inclusion-trails in the rim of the garnet porphyroblasts (S) both show a top-to-NW (normal) shear sense. While LPO patterns for quartzes of the inclusion-trails in the garnet porphyroblast cores (S) show an opposite shear sense (top-to-SE). The garnet compositional zonation indicates a growth zoning characteristic from energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. By connecting the inclusion-trails in garnet cores, an initial foliation trace with asymmetrical fold shape can be obtained. It suggests that these garnet porphyroblasts with snov, ball structure formed on the asymmetrical folds by the rotation of external shear sense rather than the rotation of garnet porphyroblasts. Gamet porphyroblast with snowball structure proposed that the rocks from the lndus Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone west side of the Namche Barwa syntaxis have undergone southeastward thrusting and later followed by northwestward normal slipping.
Continental subductions and Tibetan plateau growth
Authors: Guillot Stephane , Replumaz Anne
Published: January 2021

How and when the Tibetan plateau developed has long been a puzzling question with implications for the current understanding of the behaviour of the continental lithosphere in convergent zones. We present and discuss recent data acquired in geology and geophysics and through igneous and metamorphic petrology and palaeo-altitude estimates. This research indicates that Tibet initiated from the accretion of the Gondwana continental blocks to the southern Asian margin during the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic eras. These successive accretions have potentially favoured the creation of local landforms, particularly in southern Tibet, no evidence exists in favour of the existence of a proto-Tibetan plateau prior to the Cenozoic. By the time the India-Asian collision began it was cold enough to transfer stress but that does not mean there was not a proto-plateau prior to collision. Depending on the types of Paleozoic and Mesozoic collisions, the sutures terranes could be cool enough to transfer stress, especially in the upper crust. However, these successive accretions associated with subductions have metasomatized the Tibetan lithospheric mantle and largely explain the potassium- and sodium-rich Cenozoic magmatism. Another consequence of this contamination by fluids is the softening of the Tibetan lithosphere, which favoured intra­continental subductions. The timing and the geochemical signatures of the magmatism and the palaeo-altitudes suggest the early growth of the Tibetan plateau. By Eocene time, the southern plateau and the northern portion of Himalaya were at an altitude of approximately 4000 metres, while the central and northern Tibetan plateau was at altitudes of approximately 2000 to 3000 meters at the Eocene-Oligocene transition. From all of these data, we propose a model of the formation of the Tibetan plateau coupled with the formation of Himalaya, which accounts for more than 2500 km of convergence accommodated by the deformation of the continental lithosphere.
Double difference relocation of local earthquakes in the Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Rajaure S. , Sapkota S. N. , Adhikari L. B. , Koirala B. , Bhattarai M. , Tiwari D. R. , Gautam U. Gautam , Shrestha P. , Maske S. , Avouac J. P. , Bollinger L. , Pandey M. R.
Published: January 2021

Interseismic strain across the Himalaya is associated with intense microseismic activity. In this study we analyze in detail this seismicity to explore in more details how it relates to Himalayan tectonics. We use the Double Difference Relocation Method to relocate local earthquakes recorded by National Seismological Centre in the period between 1995 and 2003. We also determined fault plane solutions for 10 earthquakes based on waveforms modeling and first P-motion data to complement the existing dataset of focal mechanisms. The results depict a narrow belt of intense seismic activity, at depth between 10 and 20km, which can be traced all along the topographic front of the Higher Himalaya in Nepal. This zone coincides with the zone of interseismic strain build up at the down dip end of the locked portion of the Main Himalayan Thrust fault. These earthquakes probably activate minor faults within the Himalayan wedge, in a volume which experiences stress build up in the interseismic period. The intense seismic activity generally cease abruptly as the elevation of topography gets higher than 3500 m. This elevation also coincides with a change of tectonic regime. Earthquakes within the seismicity belt at front of the Higher Himalaya are of thrust type indicating N-S shortening. Where the topographic elevation is higher than 3500 m focal mechanisms indicate E-W extension. The effect of topography on the regional stress field thus provides a simple explanation for the distribution of focal mechanisms and the seismicity cut-off at the 3500m elevation contour line.
FE model of the Suez rift basin and its geodynamic implications
Authors: Dwivedi Sunil Kumar , Hayashi Daigoro Hayashi
Published: January 2021

Northeast Africa forms the northernmost extension of the East African Rift System and is considered one of the geodynamically active regions in the Earth. The Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, and Dead Sea transform are the most prominent tectonic features in the region. Despite the motion of African and Arabian Plates being well-established, contribution of these plates to the origin of stress field in the Gulf of Suez has been under discussion. The main debate is on the controlling factors for the geodynamic origin of the Suez rift basin. The factors, either the present-day stress field is originated due to the Gulf of Suez rift itself or due to the influence of nearby tectonic boundaries, is under question. An attempt has been made to model the stress field of the area by 20 plane stress finite-element (FE) modeling incorporating realistic rock parameters and velocities for African and Arabian Plates. The modeled maximum horizontal stress (σHmax and minimum horizontal stress (σHmin) directions correlate well with observed stress indicators from the world stress map (WSM), focal mechanism solutions (FMS) of earthquakes, in-situ stress measurements, and geological stress information; and displacement field correlate well with GPS data of the region. Modeling result reveals that the present-day stress field in the Gulf of Suez is emerged from coeval influence of superimposed forces acting from rifting processes in the Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, and Dead Sea transform.
Status of soil nutrients and its relation with rock types and soil properties in the Kankali (Chitwan) and Tibrekot (Kaski) Community Forests, western Nepal
Authors: Sharma Ram Prasad
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted in Kankali (Chitwan) and Tibrekot (Kaski) Community Forests to explore the status of soil nutrients and its relation with rock types and physical and chemical properties of soils. The soil sample data collected from the community forests were analyzed for soil texture, soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), N, P, K, Zn and boron using reliable equipment and standard methods. The data are interpreted by applying descriptive statistics. The inter-relationship between soil nutrients is presented at 99% and 95% confidence levels. N, P, Zn and B show direct and indirect relation with soil texture. K, Zn and B show both positive and negative correlation with soil pH. SOM also show direct and indirect relation with NPK and Zn. The relations of soil texture, SOM, soil pH, N, P, K, Zn and B with rocks are interpreted using nutrient element content in minerals of studied rocks. This paper presents clear and consistent evidences of the role of soil nutrients in shaping the vegetation growth pattern and their distribution in the middle Mountain and Siwalik physiographic regions of Nepal.
Contribution of Fault Geometry on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment in Intermontane Basin: An example from Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Chamlagain Deepak , Niroula Govinda Prasad
Published: January 2021

The intermontane basins of the Himalaya are prone to damaging earthquakes as they are located roughly 10-15 km above the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT), a major seismogenic thrust fault in the Himalaya.  After the Mw 7.8 2015 Gorkha earthquake, the geometry of the MHT has been investigated using different approaches. Two contrasting models with a single ramp and double ramp geometries are proposed. However, the contribution of these geometries on seismic hazard has not been investigated yet. In this contribution, therefore, a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment is carried out using both models for Kathmandu valley and the obtained results are compared with the measured strong ground motion data of main shock of the 2015 Gorkha seismic sequence at Kirtipur, Kathmandu (rock site). It is found that the areal sources have the least contribution indicating sole contribution of MHT to relatively higher level of seismic hazard in the valley located on the up-dip locked portion of the MHT. The Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of the main shock of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake and PGA for 760 yr (exposure period of 50 yr and probability of exceedance 6.36%) of return period adopting both single and double ramp models are approximately same with error level of ± 3.84%. The results indicate that the adopted seismic model fairly represents the seismo-tectonic of the region, particularly of MHT. Considering this as the best fit results, the spatial distribution of the seismic hazard is analysed using double ramp model. It is found that the PGA values in the valley for 760 yr return period vary from 0.24 g to 0.28 g. The PGA values are higher in the southern part and gradually decrease towards north. Such decrease in PGA is consistent with the decrease in locking level of the MHT towards north. The study, therefore, emphasizes detailed geometrical characterization of the MHT while carrying out the seismic hazard assessment in the Himalaya.
Land use and land cover changes in the catchments impact the ecosystem in Phewa, Begnas, and Rupa lakes, Nepal
Authors: Acharya Sudip
Published: January 2021

Lakes are the environmental and socioeconomic assets of Nepal. In the past few decades, land use and land cover (LULC) change has severely altered the lake ecosystems. The sediment and nutrients loading into the lakes have altered lake ecosystem significantly. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal variations of LULC change and examines its impact on lake environment of Phewa, Begnas and Rupa lakes during 1975–2018 by using Landsat satellite images and data from published literatures. Results showed that from 1975 to 2018, forest cover and agriculture land in catchments of all three lakes has decreased, while the built-up area has increased. LULC change in the catchment have bought the significant impact on the lake environment in terms of sedimentation rate, physiochemical parameters and biological environment. From 1975 to 2000 forest cover in lakes catchment has decreased, whereas the agriculture land has increased. At the same time, sediment and agriculture based nutrient loading into lakes has increased indicated by changes in sedimentation rate and alteration of physiochemical properties of the lake. From 2000 to 2018, forest and built-up area has increased while the agriculture land has decreased in lakes catchment. From 2000 to 2018, sedimentation rate of lakes has decreased compared to before 2000. Decreased sedimentation rate was interpreted due to increase in forest cover in the lake catchment. Increased nutrients loading into the lake during 2000 to 2018 has resulted serious eutrophication problem in lakes. Overall, this study suggests that the LULC change in the catchment have significant impact on lake environment.
Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Narnaul Pegmatites in Delhi Supergroup rocks, Narnaul Area, Southern Haryana, India
Authors: Kanyan Naveen Kumar , Kumar Naresh , Chaudhri A. R. , Kumar Naveen
Published: January 2021

Metasedimentary rocks of Delhi Supergroup (900-1600 Ma; latitude 28°2΄ - 28°7N΄  and longitude 76°3΄ - 76°7΄ E) are exposed in the Aravalli Mountain (South of Haryana State). The metasedimentary rocks are mainly quartzite with lesser amount of schist, granitic gneiss, basic rocks, calc rocks, phyllite, slate, granite, pegmatite and veins of quartz. Most of the pegmatites of the study area intruded into the quartzite. Pegmatites occur as irregular masses, dyke swarms, branching dykes, criss-cross veins and elongated lenses. They strike in NNE direction with low dip angle. Their dimensions are variable (0.5 m - 250 m length and 0.5 - 100 m width). Narnaul pegmatites are very coarse grained and consist of quartz (smoky, milky, yellowish brown, buff), orthoclase, albite, biotite, muscovite, tourmaline, calcite, beryl, garnet, hornblende and natrolite in the decreasing order of abundance. Pegmatitic, hypidiomorphic and granophyric textures are observed in them. Model analyses data of the pegmatites is plotted mainly in the field of granite, alkali granite and quartz rich granitoid fields of QAP diagram. The studied granitoids belong to calc-alkaline-granodiorite series which were generated by crustal fusion process. Geochemically, the pegmatites are  high in  SiO2, Al2O3, K2O, Rb, Zr, Cs, Ta, Pb, P and Y and low in CaO, K, U, Th, Ti, Ba, Sr, Nb and Nd. These characters attest them as peraluminous, I-type and they are formed in post-orogenic tectonic settings. Petrogenetic modeling studies indicate that these pegmatites could have been derived by 30% partial melting of crustal source rock occurring in the region.
Joanna Konieczna-Serafin: Fachsprachliche Lexikographie.Konzeptionen von bilingualen Wörterbüchern der Fachsprache Wirtschaft für das Sprachenpaar Deutsch und Polnisch.(=Studien zur Text- und Diskursforschung,Bd.22). Berlin u. a.: Peter Lang, 2018: 183 S.
Authors: Kałasznik Marcelina
Published: January 2021

Joanna Konieczna-Serafin: Fachsprachliche Lexikographie.Konzeptionen von bilingualen Wörterbüchern der Fachsprache Wirtschaft für das Sprachenpaar Deutsch und Polnisch. (= Studien zur Text- und Diskursforschung, Bd. 22). Berlin u. a.: Peter Lang, 2018: 183 S.
Bericht über die 46. Jahrestagung DaF/DaZ des Fachverbandes Deutsch als Fremdund Zweitsprache e.V. (FaDaF): In Chemnitz verbunden – Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache (Chemnitz, 28.-30.03.2019)
Authors: Jakosz Mariusz
Published: January 2021

46. Jahrestagung DaF/DaZ des Fachverbandes Deutsch als Fremdund Zweitsprache e.V. (FaDaF): In Chemnitz verbunden – Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache(Chemnitz, 28.-30.03.2019)
Protectionism and the global trade stagnation
Authors: Vitale Alessandro
Published: January 2021

The protectionism of the last twelve years is forcing many countries to backtrack in the face of the devastating consequences of those policies on their economies and the world trade. The pandemic COVID-19 has highlighted even more how those policies may be destructive and produce impoverishment. The current global pandemic crisis is producing an abrupt and probably very long braking effect on international trade. However, it would be wrong to consider it as the exclusive or the most important cause of global trade stagnation. In fact, the ground had already been prepared by the economic-financial crisis of 2007–2008 and in particular by the choices of “economic nationalism” of neo-protectionist type, which made a precise political use of the modern linear border. Globalisation means mainly the overcoming of political barriers, borders, and the opening to the global free trade market. On the contrary, it is now still hindered by heavy political factors, among which protectionism has been the main one for many years. Those policies, implemented on the large areas by major world powers, have caused a long phase of “de-globalisation”, characterised by the renewed use of the modern border to enclose economies, well before the pandemic crisis.
REGULARITIES OF CONVECTIVE LOW TEMPERATURE DRYING OF ENERGY SPECIES WOOD
Authors: Shapar R.O. , Husarova O.V. , Korinchuk D.M.
Published: January 2021

The article presents an analysis of the technological stages of the production of solid biofuel from energy wood species, it is noted that up to 70% of the total energy consumption is spent on drying processes in technological processes. The urgency and advantages of low-temperature drying of such wood have been substantiated. It is noted in the work that the heat and humidity modes should ensure an increase in the energy efficiency of the process and a high calorific value of the resulting fuel.
The purpose of the article is to intensify the process of dehydration of energy wood to obtain solid biofuel, to determine the effect on the process of convective low-temperature drying of the operating parameters of the drying agent, the size and shape of the raw material, and the specific load on the drying surface.
Energy willow was used as an object for dehydration, the initial moisture content of which varied over a wide range from 45 to 60% per wet weight; dehydration was carried out until the material reached residual moisture content of 5...6%.
Studies on the effect of the temperature of the drying agent on the kinetics of moisture exchange prove that an increase in temperature from 80 to 100 °C intensifies heat and mass transfer and reduces the duration of the process by up to 25%. The results of experimental studies of the effect of the specific load on the dehydration process showed that an increase in load has a positive effect on the productivity of the drying unit and increases the volume of processed raw materials. At the same time, the total duration of dehydration from the minimum load to the maximum increases by 3.5 times. It is noted in the work that a significant parameter of influence on the kinetics of drying and increasing the efficiency of the process is the method of grinding the raw material. The most intensive mode corresponds to the method of grinding willow by combining abrasion and impact. With this method of grinding, the drying time is reduced from 15 to 25% in comparison with the others considered.
The combination of the specified conditions and parameters of low-temperature drying provides an economical process and obtaining dried willow with low and evenly distributed residual moisture. The use of such material in the technological cycle of biofuel production guarantees the reliable operation of the combustion device for a long time.
SHAPE OF GRAIN BOUNDARY GROOVE ONPURE ICE SURFACE
Authors:   FAMAF (Facultad de Matemática Astronomía, Física y Computación), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina., Di Prinzio C.L. , Stoler D. ,   FAMAF (Facultad de Matemática Astronomía, Física y Computación), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina., Achával P.I. ,   FAMAF (Facultad de Matemática Astronomía, Física y Computación), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina., Aguirre Varela G. ,   FAMAF (Facultad de Matemática Astronomía, Física y Computación), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina.
Published: January 2021

In this work we studied the evolution of the groove that forms the grain boundary (BG) when it emerges to a free surface, in the presence of different processes of matter transport. By using a confocal microscope, the shape of the grain edge groove was obtained in an ice sample with orientation <1010>/50◦at −5◦C ; after keeping it 3 h in an environment with dry air. The shapes and depths of the grain boundary groove obtained experimentally, at regular time periods, were satisfactorily fitted considering a process of transport of matter developed by Srinivasan and Trivedi. In this model the transport of matter is mainly ruled by gaseous diffusion and not by surface diffusion.
Key Aspects of Paediatric Psoriasis
Authors:   Centre for Theory of Physical and Chemical Problems in Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Science, Dvoryankova E.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Nevozinskaya Z.A. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Centre for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Vaal O.V. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Centre for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Denieva M.I. ,   National Dermatovenerologic Clinic; Grozny, Russian Federation, Korsunskaya I.M. ,   Centre for Theory of Physical and Chemical Problems in Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Science; Moscow, Russian Federation, Chebysheva S.N. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective of the Review: to present updated data on psoriasis for clinical pediatricians. Key Points. The article presents updated epidemiological information on psoriasis prevalence in paediatric population; early onset of disease accounts for 70%. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, immune changes, infective agents; children may also have stress as a trigger; in teenagers, smoking can facilitate severe psoriasis. Clinical presentation in paediatric population has some distinctive features: in children, plaque psoriasis is less frequent than in adults. Still, psoriasis of the scalp is diagnosed in approx. 79% of children. Psoriasis therapy in children is limited, but it has much in common with psoriasis management in adults. Conclusion. As psoriasis is associated with multiple non-dermatologic conditions (hepatobiliary disorders, Grohn’s disease, cardiovascular diseases, etc.), early diagnosis facilitates more comprehensive examination of patients for comorbidities and early diagnostics. There are no standardised recommendations for psoriasis management in children. Therefore, paediatric patients require more attention not only from dermatologists, but from paediatricians and multidisciplinary paediatric teams. Keywords: psoriasis, clinical presentations of psoriasis in children.
Paediatric Hypophosphatasia in Real-Life Clinical Practise.
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Vitebskaya A.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Chernova Chernova E.V.
Published: January 2021

Objective of the Paper: to describe a clinical case of paediatric hypophosphatasia (HPP) and identify clinical signs, most characteristic of the paediatric HPP form. Key Points. HPP is an congenital rickets-like disease caused by reduced activity of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). According to the time of manifestation, there are perinatal, infant, paediatric, and adult HPPs. The article describes a clinical case of paediatric HPP in a 3.5-year old boy. HPP was diagnosed due to reduced ALP and characteristic X-ray findings. The diagnosis was confirmed with DNA testing: compound heterozygous mutation in с.571 G>A/с.144_148dup of ALPL was found. Conclusion. Typical findings in paediatric HPP are growth retardation and muscular hypotonia, motor retardation; gait disturbances, myalgia, marked fatigue causing limited period of walking; rachitic deformations, premature loss of milk teeth with unchanged roots, respiratory disturbances, and frequent bronchopulmonary disorders. Keywords: hypophosphatasia, children, alkaline phosphatase.
Sialadenitis in Cystic Fibrosis: Case Report
Authors:   Yerevan State Medical University, Harutyunyan S.A. ,   Yerevan, Armenia, Simonyan K.G. ,   Yerevan State Medical University; Yerevan, Armenia, Mkrtchyan N.M. ,   Yerevan State Medical University; Yerevan, Armenia, Kashirskaya N.Yu. ,   Bochkov Medical Genetics Scientific Centre; Moscow, Russian Federation, Libik М. ,   Charles University in Prague; Prague, Czech Republic, Macek М. ,   Charles University in Prague; Prague, Czech Republic
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective of the Paper: To present a case report of sialadenitis in cystic fibrosis and recommendations to diagnose the condition. Key Points. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and affects exocrine glands, including salivary glands. The article describes a case report of sialadenitis in cystic fibrosis in a 12-year old boy. Bacterial sialadenitis was diagnosed after a consultation with a maxillo-facial surgeon using lab and ultrasound results. The patient was treated with antimicrobials (amoxicillin potentiated by clavulanat), drotaverine, increased fluid intake. Conclusion. Sialadenitis is one of the comorbidities in cystic fibrosis patients associated with fever, ear pain, salivary glands swelling. In order to make the final diagnosis, a consultation with a maxillo-facial surgeon, infectionist and salivary glands ultrasound are necessary. Keywords: cystic fibrosis, sialadenitis, case report.
Optimizing Pregnancy Management in Women with Infertility of Endocrine Origin: Clinical Course of Pregnancy after the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Delivery Outcomes
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Barinov S.V. ,   Omsk, Russian Federation, Ostrovskaya O.V. ,   Omsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Omsk, Russian Federation,   AO Medsi Group of Companies; Moscow, Russian Federation, Shamina I.V. ,   AO Medsi Group of Companies; Moscow, Russian Federation, Tirskaya Yu.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Study Objective: To optimize pregnancy management and improve delivery outcomes in women with infertility of endocrine origin after the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Study Design: This was an analytical prospective study. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with singleton pregnancy were observed: 74 women with infertility of endocrine origin who had undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF) (Group I) and 46 women who became pregnant spontaneously (Group II). The main group (Group I) was divided into subgroup IA (n = 44), in which a comprehensive approach to pregnancy was applied (obstetric pessary and micronized progesterone), and subgroup IB (n = 30) consisting of patients for whom micronized progesterone alone was used. Study Results: Groups I and II differed significantly in miscarriage risk rates: 60.8% and 30.4%, respectively. This complication was most often observed in subgroup IB (80.0%), 2.6 times more often than in Group II (χ2 = 5.700; p = 0,029). There were also statistically significant differences between the groups in the rate of preterm delivery (PD), which was 5.6 times higher in the main group than in the control group (24.3% vs. 4.3%, χ2 = 4.915; p = 0.027). The greatest difference from the control group (9.3 times higher rate) was observed in subgroup IB (χ2 = 10.156; p = 0.004). Conclusion: A comprehensive approach makes it possible to prolong pregnancy, reduce rates of PD by a factor of 2.9 and achieve full-term pregnancies in 86.4% of cases. Keywords: pregnancy, IVF, ART, obstetric complications, perinatal outcomes, Arabin pessary.
Which is The Main Concept of Old-Banten Area Development, to be A Cultural Heritage or Not?
Authors: Diana Rahmi Elsa
Published: January 2021

Old Banten Area is historical tourism in Indonesia with tangible cultural heritage. It was the Banten Sultanate center that ever has the largest settlement and monopolized the trade in Southeast Asia. In 2017 Old-Banten set as a strategic provincial tourism area that excelled in the cultural sector. The program has taken the implementation progress then even get criticized by several parties which one of them written by the Chairman of IAI Banten. The development process has shown the characteristics transformation as opposite with the revitalization term. Based on those critics, the research overviews the characteristics of Old-Banten Area as a cultural heritage and the current cultural tourism development process through interpretive-historical method. The results might be used as an initial framework to understand the importance of place identities preserved in the concept of Old-Banten Area development.
Destination Branding Semarang Chinatown as a Cultural Heritage Site
Authors: Soetjipto Shania Helena , Satyagraha Aditya
Published: January 2021

Semarang Chinatown area is one of the historical sites of Ancient Semarang Heritage City where there are cultural relics in store. Consisting of, viz.: architecture, food, stories, and environment that’s prominent with a Chinese family style atmosphere. Ironically, numerous cultural assets contained in the Semarang Chinatown Area are less celebrated unlike Semawis Night Market since people envision the area Semarang Chinatown only has it as its prime and foremost attraction. People's awareness to to other cultural and historical assets is immensely minimal. Therefore, through this Final Project the writer has chosen to fathom this issue and to come up with a solution. By establishing a brand new and fresh visual identity, the author wishes to be able to introduce Semarang Chinatown Area as an integrated cultural historic area to a wider-reaching audience to array a large selection of richness of philosophy, culture, and value that will not only enrich the knowledge of visitors but also to entertain them with some aesthetic pleasure.
The Relationship of Music-Sound, Technology and Internet
Authors: Setiyawan Clemens Felix , Murwaningrum Dyah
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, music creation, collaboration, and publication are easier because of technology. Most young generations have sent music data, made, sold, bought music files on the internet. This changed music processes certainly resulted in different outcomes. Listening and creating music by new means, can change music itself. Technology has simplified tools, and the internet has simplified the distance. But new problems and questions have been found. How were the internet and technology influenced the quality of music, music creator, music appreciator and the form of music. The aims of this research to determine the relationship between music, technology, and the internet, through behavior of the young generation. This study was qualitative research that used observations and unstructured interviews. In subsequent observations, participant-observer was chosen as an advanced research method to better understand existing phenomena. The result of observations and interviews were interpreted, then presented descriptively. This research used theory by Don Ihde that technology has three characteristics (1) material (2) used (3)relationship of human and tools. The result of this research is internet influenced music quality and human appreciation. Technology changed the way humans create music.
KÜÇÜK TARİHİ KENTLER İÇİN CANLANDIRMA STRATEJİSİ: DOĞANBEY (DOMATİA)
Authors: ÖZCAN Koray
Published: January 2021

Tarihsel kentlerin korunması–geliştirilmesine yönelik evrensel bağlamdaki ilkesel çabaların, tarihi kentlerin sürdürülebilir korunması–geliştirilmesini önceleyen planlama stratejilerine odakladığı söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda; Bruges Kararları olarak anılan Küçük Tarihi Kentlerin Korunması Konferansı (1975) ile Tlaxcala Bildirgesi olarak bilinen Küçük Yerleşimlerin Canlandırılması Sözleşmesi (1982) ilk kurumsal çabalar olarak görülebilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; eski bir Muhacir köyü olan Doğanbey yerleşmesinin doğal ve kültürel miras değerlerinden oluşan mekânsal karakteristik ve işlev kimliğinin sürdürülebilir korunması ve geliştirilmesine yönelik stratejik yol haritasının tartışılmasıdır. Araştırma sonunda, Doğanbey köyü için yeniden canlandırma stratejilerinin belirlenebilmesine yönelik “Yere Özgü Canlandırma Stratejisi” olarak tanımlanan bir yol haritası kurgulanmıştır. Bu yol haritası; ardışık üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Bu aşamalar, (1) mekânsal karakteristik ve işlevsel kimliğin geliştirilmesi, (2) sosyal yaşamın canlandırılması ve ekonomik değerin arttırılması, (3) katılımcı bir yönetim mekanizmasının kurulması olarak ifade edilebilir. Araştırmanın, küçük tarihi kentler üzerine odaklanan planlama süreçleri ve uygulama çalışmalarına Doğanbey yerleşmesi örneğinde kurgulanan “Yere Özgü Canlandırma Stratejisi bağlamında bütüncül ve çok yönlü bakış açısı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
KENTSEL GELİŞİM VE DÖNÜŞÜM SÜRECİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: DİYARBAKIR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DAĞLI Dündar , ÇAĞLIYAN Ayşe
Published: January 2021

Kadim bir kent olan Diyarbakır’ın mekânsal gelişiminin incelendiği bu araştırmada kentin zamansal ve mekânsal ölçekte gelişim ve dönüşüm sürecinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Diyarbakır’da kentleşme süreci, Cumhuriyet öncesi ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi olmak üzere iki başlıkta incelenmiştir. Cumhuriyet öncesi dönemde, Suriçi’nin mekânsal gelişimi tarihi veriler ile akademik çalışmalardan faydalanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin mekânsal gelişiminin belirlenmesinde ise temel veri kaynağı olarak ortofotolar kullanılmıştır. Ortofotoların güncel hâlihazır konut verileri ile örtüştürülmesiyle kentin zamansal ve mekânsal gelişimi daha doğru bir şekilde ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren kentleşme sürecinin hızlandığını ve aynı yüzyılın son çeyreğinde en büyük alansal artışın yaşandığını göstermektedir. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren ise hem yatayda hem de dikeyde gelişim ve dönüşüm süreci hızlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 1930’larda Suriçi’nden ibaret olan kent, günümüze kadar konut alanlarında 10 kat büyüme yaşamıştır. Analiz sonuçları, kentsel gelişim yönünün neredeyse bütün dönemlerde batı-kuzeybatı eksenli olduğunu göstermiştir. Günümüzde olduğu gibi gelecekte de, kentin Elazığ Caddesi ile Şanlıurfa Bulvarı üzerinde ve yakın çevresinde gelişimini sürdüreceği tahmin edilmektedir.