bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of Parents of Children with Serious Health Conditions regarding Residual Bloodspot Use
Authors: Nagaraj Chinmayee B. , Rothwell Erin , Hart Kimberly , Latimer Seth , Schiffman Joshua D. , Botkin Jeffrey R.
Published: April 2014

Background/Objectives: Studies have shown that the general public is supportive of newborn screening (NBS) and supportive of the storage and use of residual bloodspots for quality assurance and biomedical research. However, the attitudes of parents of children with serious health conditions have not been assessed. In this study, we assessed attitudes of parents with children who have phenylketonuria (PKU) and leukemia towards NBS and storage and use of residual bloodspots for research. Methods: A total of 49 individuals were recruited and responded to a validated 41-item survey regarding NBS and the retention and use of residual bloodspots. Of these participants, 22 had a child with PKU and 27 had a child with leukemia. We compared their responses to those of 1,927 individuals from the general public obtained in a previous study using the same survey instrument. Results/Conclusions: We found that parents of children with a serious health condition had higher levels of support than the general public towards the use of residual NBS samples for research but similar attitudes regarding choice and privacy protections. It is important to assess the attitudes of various stakeholders for policy development.
Cerebral Erdheim-Chester Disease Mimicking High-Grade Glial Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Ekşi Murat Şakir , Demirci Otluoğlu Gülden , Uyar Bozkurt Süheyla , Sav Aydın , Bayri Yaşar , Dağçınar Adnan
Published: April 2014

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a non-Langerhans histiocytosis. It may present in every organ in the body, but isolated central nervous system involvement, especially a supratentorial intra-axial location, is extremely rare. We present a case of ECD of supratentorial intra-axial origin and discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management strategies.
CCR5 Inhibition Prevents Cardiac Dysfunction in the SIV/Macaque Model of HIV
Authors: Kelly Kathleen M. , Tocchetti Carlo G. , Lyashkov Alexey , Tarwater Patrick M. , Bedja Djahida , Graham David R. , Beck Sarah E. , Metcalf Pate Kelly A. , Queen Suzanne E. , Adams Robert J. , Paolocci Nazareno , Mankowski Joseph L.
Published: April 2014

Background

Diastolic dysfunction is a highly prevalent cardiac abnormality in asymptomatic as well as
ART
‐treated human immunodeficiency virus (
HIV
) patients. Although the mechanisms underlying depressed cardiac function remain obscure, diastolic dysfunction in
SIV
‐infected rhesus macaques is highly correlated with myocardial viral load. As cardiomyocytes are not productively infected, damage may be an indirect process attributable to a combination of pro‐inflammatory mediators and viral proteins.

Methods and Results

Given the diverse roles of CCR5 in mediating recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites and serving as a receptor for HIV entry into cells, we investigated the role of CCR5 in the SIV/macaque model of diastolic dysfunction. We found that in SIV‐infected macaques, CCR5 inhibition dramatically impacted myocardial viral load measured by
qRT
‐PCR and prevented diastolic dysfunction measured by echocardiography. Complementary in vitro experiments using fluorescence microscopy showed that CCR5 ligands impaired contractile function of isolated cardiomyocytes, thus identifying CCR5 signaling as a novel mediator of impaired cardiac mechanical function.

Conclusions

Together, these findings incriminate
SIV
/
HIV
gp120‐
CCR
5 as well as chemokine‐
CCR
5 interactions in
HIV
‐associated cardiac dysfunction. These findings also have important implications for the treatment of
HIV
‐infected individuals: in addition to antiviral properties and reduced chemokine‐mediated recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells,
CCR
5 inhibition may provide a cardioprotective benefit by preventing cardiomyocyte
CCR
5 signaling.
The Many Meanings of Live Coding
Authors: Sorensen Andrew , Swift Ben , Riddell Alistair
Published: April 2014

The ten-year anniversary of TOPLAP presents a unique opportunity for reflection and introspection. In this essay we ask the question, what is the meaning of live coding? Our goal is not to answer this question, in absolute terms, but rather to attempt to unpack some of live coding's many meanings. Our hope is that by exploring some of the formal, embodied, and cultural meanings surrounding live-coding practice, we may help to stimulate a conversation that will resonate within the live-coding community for the next ten years.
Peter Canisius and the Protestants
Authors: Pabel Hilmar M.
Published: April 2014

Some modern interpreters have incorrectly suggested that Peter Canisius was an ecumenist before his time. Their insistence on his extraordinary kindness towards Protestants does not stand the test of the scrutiny of the relevant sources. An analysis of Canisius’s advice on how Jesuits should deal with “heretics” in Germany, of his catechisms, and of his polemical works reveals a typical Catholic controversialist of the Reformation era. Canisius was disposed to display hostility, more than good will, to Protestants.
Active Leisure
Authors: Casalini Cristiano
Published: April 2014

The philosophy of education of the first Jesuits—as delineated in the Ratio studiorum (1599) and embodied in the colleges’ practices—has become one of the preferred topics among historians of sixteenth-century education and philosophy. This paper seeks to present a heretofore rather neglected aspect of Jesuit education theory: the treatment of the body in the network of colleges during the first fifty years of the Society of Jesus. Among the key features of this treatment one finds leisure and rest, which Jesuits conceived as a means of measuring and punctuating the school timetable. While most medieval colleges did not usually leave much free time to their students, the Jesuits viewed leisure and rest as crucial for fostering spiritual and intellectual activities. Leisure and rest, however, ought not be understood as a cessation of action. This paper shows that the educational practices addressed to the body in the Jesuit colleges (such as the alternation of exercise and rest, the alternation of waking and sleep, the relationship between hygiene and the care of the body, and physical education) were deeply rooted in the Ignatian culture of the Spiritual Exercises. This experience stands out as one of most ingenious attempts to transform religious mystical practices from the medieval tradition in a manner that would make them resonate with the early modern way of life.
Imitating Ovid to the Greater Glory of God
Authors: Eickmeyer Jost
Published: April 2014

Between 1514 and 1663 the genre known as Heroides, coined by Ovid, was maintained almost entirely by modern Latin poets. This article considers this period, which has up to now remained almost unheeded in the history of the genre. It looks at the collections of epistles by relevant authors (Eobanus Hessus, Andreas Alenus, Jacob Bidermann, Balduinus Cabillavius, Jean Vincart, Jacob Balde) in their context within literary history and considers the various ends they served, with a focus on their representations of Jesuit history and culture. Their relations to contemporary poetological discourses, represented for example by the Jesuit scholar Antonio Possevino, are addressed as well as their use of pictural media as in the case of Jean Vincart’s heroic epistles.
Taxonomy of a monotypic genus Indopiptadenia (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae)
Authors: Bajpai Omesh , Srivastava Awadhesh Kumar , Kushwaha Arun Kumar , Chaudhary Lal Babu
Published: April 2014

Indopiptadenia, a monospecific genus with the species I. oudhensis, is confined to the Indo-Nepal border area in scattered populations along the Himalayan foothills between 156–908 m elevation. I. oudhensis has been little studied since its discovery in 1874. The taxonomy of the genus is reexamined here with extensive notes on diversity, distribution, phenology, ecology and conservation status based on exhaustive field survey and examination of herbarium specimens. A full description including data on many new characters and encompassing all morphological variations is provided to better characterize the species so that its correct systematic position can be ascertained and provide the basis for proper conservation strategies. Placed in the tribe Mimoseae, the species shows more affinity towards the Newtonia group than the Piptadenia group. However, it differs from the former in having unarmed to armed stem, uni- or bijugate leaflets, absence of stemonozone and pods that dehisce generally by rupturing of the pod valves over the seed chambers to leave a persistent replum. The IUCN category Near Threatened (NT) is assigned to the taxon.
Notes on Carex (Cyperaceae) from China: three new species
Authors: ZHOU YING-YING , JIN XIAO-FENG
Published: April 2014

Carex remotistachya, C. daxinensis and C. fangiana, three new species from China, are described and illustrated. Carex remotistachya resembles C. doniana (sect. Molliculae), differing by having spikes remote, staminate spikes with a 3–5 cm long peduncle at the base, leaves 3–6 mm wide, and stigmas shorter than perigynia. Carex daxinensis is similar to C. caudispicata (sect. Radicales), but differs in having perigynia ellipsoid-ovoid, 4–4.5 mm long, staminate parts of spikes shorter than pistillate ones, and leaves 2–3.5 mm wide. Carex fangiana is similar to C. nitidiutriculata (sect. Hymenochlaenae), differing by having leaves 6–9 mm wide, staminate spike solitary, and perigynia glabrous.
Digenean fauna in raptors from northeastern Argentina, with the description of a new species of Strigea (Digenea: Strigeidae)
Authors: DRAGO FABIANA B. , LUNASCHI LÍA I. , DRAGHI REGINA
Published: April 2014

The digenean fauna of six species of falconiform birds from northeastern Argentina is reported and a new species and several new hosts and geographical records are presented. Strigea proteolytica n. sp. (Strigeidae) is described from Buteogallus urubitinga and distinguished from their congeners by the combination of the following characters: plump body, conspicuous proteolytic gland, forebody with scarce vitelline glands, copulatory bursa with a well developed muscular ring (Ringnapf), and absence of true neck region in hindbody. Six previously known species are breifly described: Strigea falconis brasiliana Szidat, 1929 (Strigeidae) from Milvago chimachima and Caracara plancus; Neodiplostomum travassosi Dubois, 1937 from Buteogallus meridionalis; Tylodelphys brevis Drago & Lunaschi, 2008 and Posthodiplostomum macrocotyle Dubois, 1937 (Diplostomidae) from Busarellus nigricollis; Spaniometra variolaris (Fuhrmann, 1904) (Cyclocoelidae) and Megalophallus deblocki Kostadinova, Vaucher & Gibson, 2006 (Microphallidae) from Rostrhamus sociabilis. Literature records and information on distribution and host-parasite relationships is presented.
Modeling and Interpretation of S-Band Ice Crystal Depolarization Signatures from Data Obtained by Simultaneously Transmitting Horizontally and Vertically Polarized Fields
Authors: Hubbert J. C. , Ellis S. M. , Chang W.-Y. , Rutledge S. , Dixon M.
Published: April 2014

Data collected by the National Center for Atmospheric Research S-band polarimetric radar (S-Pol) during the Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX) in Taiwan are analyzed and used to infer storm microphysics in the ice phase of convective storms. Both simultaneous horizontal (H) and vertical (V) (SHV) transmit polarization data and fast-alternating H and V (FHV) transmit polarization data are used in the analysis. The SHV Zdr (differential reflectivity) data show radial stripes of biased data in the ice phase that are likely caused by aligned and canted ice crystals. Similar radial streaks in the linear depolarization ratio (LDR) are presented that are also biased by the same mechanism. Dual-Doppler synthesis and sounding data characterize the storm environment and support the inferences concerning the ice particle types. Small convective cells were observed to have both large positive and large negative Kdp (specific differential phase) values. Negative Kdp regions suggest that ice crystals are vertically aligned by electric fields. Since high |Kdp| values of 0.8° km−1 in both negative and positive Kdp regions in the ice phase are accompanied by Zdr values close to 0 dB, it is inferred that there are two types of ice crystals present: 1) smaller aligned ice crystals that cause the Kdp signatures and 2) larger aggregates or graupel that cause the Zdr signatures. The inferences are supported with simulated ice particle scattering calculations. A radar scattering model is used to explain the anomalous radial streaks in SHV and LDR.
Eddy-Induced Growth Rate of Low-Frequency Variability and Its Mid- to Late Winter Suppression in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Ren Hong-Li , Jin Fei-Fei , Kug Jong-Seong
Published: April 2014

Synoptic eddy and low-frequency flow (SELF) feedback plays an important role in reinforcing low-frequency variability (LFV). Recent studies showed that an eddy-induced growth (EIG) or instability makes a fundamental contribution to the maintenance of LFV. To quantify the efficiency of the SELF feedback, this study examines the spatiotemporal features of the empirical diagnostics of EIG and its associations with LFV. The results show that, in terms of eddy vorticity forcing, the EIG rate of LFV is generally larger (smaller) in the upper (lower) troposphere, whereas, in terms of eddy potential vorticity forcing, it is larger in the lower troposphere to partly balance the damping effect of surface friction. The local EIG rate shows a horizontal spatial distribution that corresponds to storm-track activity, which tends to be responsible for maintaining LFV amplitudes and patterns as well as sustaining eddy-driven jets. In fact, the EIG rate has a well-defined seasonality, being generally larger in cold seasons and smaller in the warmest season, and this seasonality is stronger in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. This study also reveals a mid- to late winter (January–March) suppression of the EIG rate in the Northern Hemisphere, which indicates a reduced eddy feedback efficiency and may be largely attributed to the eddy kinetic energy suppression and the midlatitude zonal wind maximum in the midwinter of the Northern Hemisphere.
Wind-Driven Coastal Sea Level Variability in the Northeast Pacific
Authors: Thompson Philip R. , Merrifield Mark A. , Wells Judith R. , Chang Chantel M.
Published: April 2014

The rate of coastal sea level change in the northeast Pacific (NEP) has decreased in recent decades. The relative contributions to the decreased rate from remote equatorial wind stress, local longshore wind stress, and local windstress curl are examined. Regressions of sea level onto wind stress time series and comparisons between NEP and Fremantle sea levels suggest that the decreased rate in the NEP is primarily due to oceanic adjustment to strengthened trade winds along the equatorial and coastal waveguides. When taking care to account for correlations between the various wind stress time series, the roles of longshore wind stress and local windstress curl are found to be of minor importance in comparison to equatorial forcing. The predictability of decadal sea level change rates along the NEP coastline is therefore largely determined by tropical variability. In addition, the importance of accounting for regional, wind-driven sea level variations when attempting to calculate accelerations in the long-term rate of sea level rise is demonstrated.
Environmental Predictors of Unmet Home-and Community-Based Service Needs of Older Adults
Authors: Ferris Rosie E. , Glicksman Allen , Kleban Morton H.
Published: April 2014

Home- and community-based services (HCBS) for many older adults are an essential component of aging-in-place. Andersen developed the contemporary model used to predict service use. Researchers have modified the model to examine need. Studies that attempt to predict unmet needs have explained only 10% to 15% of the variance. This study is based on the supposition that lack of accounting for environmental factors has resulted in such small explanatory power. Through the use of 2008 Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey data, this exploratory study modeled predictors of unmet HCBS needs. Findings reveal that lack of access to healthy foods and poor housing quality have a significant relationship to unmet HCBS needs. This model predicted 54% of the variance. Results reveal environmental questions to ask, a way to identify older adults with unmet HCBS needs and environmental barriers that if addressed may reduce older adults’ eventual need for health services and HCBS.
Association Between 6-Minute Walk Test and All-Cause Mortality, Coronary Heart Disease–Specific Mortality, and Incident Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Yazdanyar Ali , Aziz Michael M. , Enright Paul L. , Edmundowicz Daniel , Boudreau Robert , Sutton-Tyrell Kim , Kuller Lewis , Newman Anne B.
Published: April 2014

Objective: To examine the association between 6-min walk test (6 MWT) performance and all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and incident coronary heart disease in older adults. Method: We conducted a time-to-event analysis of 1,665 Cardiovascular Health Study participants without prevalent cardiovascular disease with a 6 MWT. Results: During a mean follow-up of 8 years, there were 305 incident coronary heart disease events, and 504 deaths of which 100 were coronary heart disease–related deaths. The 6 MWT performance in the shortest two distance quintiles was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (290-338 m: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.2, 2.5]; <290 m: HR = 2.1; 95% CI = [1.4, 3.0]). The adjusted risk of coronary heart disease mortality incident events among those with a 6 MWT < 290 m was not significant. Discussion: Performance on the 6 MWT is independently associated with all-cause mortality and is of prognostic utility in community-dwelling older adults.
Pressurized water reactor core thermal-hydraulics model for flow coastdown transient
Authors: Ahmad I , Ilyas M , Akram Z
Published: April 2014

The flow coastdown transient analysis is crucial for the design and safety analysis of a nuclear reactor because, in such an event, the core cooling depends upon flywheel inertia of reactor coolant pumps. In this paper, the results of real time flow coastdown transient initiated by power failure to the reactor coolant pumps on the CHASHMA Nuclear Power Plant Unit-2 (CHASNUPP-2) are presented. To examine the effect of thermal-hydraulics parameters, a mathematical model of core thermal-hydraulics for the flow of coastdown transient has been developed. The resulting equations are solved analytically for a pressurized water reactor. The accuracy of the model depends on the core time constant τ, which has been computed to be 9.28 s for CHASNUPP-2, the calculation methodology is described in the paper. The results are compared with the transient data, good agreement is found between the model prediction and the flow coastdown transient data. It is inferred that the coastdown flow rate is effective in removing the stored heat in the core.
The constraint factors of potential international sports fan tourists
Authors: Nishio Tatsuru
Published: April 2014

This study examines the global market diversification and constraint factors associated with potential Japanese international sports fan tourists. Data were gathered from Japanese general tourists ( N = 3773) in an annual Japan Travel Bureau Foundation survey conducted by email. Of those surveyed, 7.7% ( N = 292) had considered watching sports in foreign countries. The International Sports Fan Constraints Scale (alternative leisure options, security, the lack of tourist attractiveness, different culture, companions and distance) was developed. Then, the mean scores by sports and destination were compared and discussed. The results provide practical implications for stakeholders including not only sports organisation marketing managers but also tourist marketing managers.
Large group narrative intervention in Head Start preschools: Implications for response to intervention
Authors: Spencer Trina D , Petersen Douglas B , Slocum Timothy A , Allen Melissa M
Published: April 2014

This study investigated the effect of a large group narrative intervention on diverse preschoolers’ narrative language skills with aims to explore questions of treatment efficacy and differential response to intervention. A quasi-experimental, pretest/posttest comparison group research design was employed with 71 preschool children. Classrooms were randomly assigned to treatment and comparison conditions. Intervention consisted of explicit teaching of narrative structure via repeated story retell practice, illustrations and icons, and peer mediation. Children’s narrative language and comprehension were assessed at Pretest, Posttest, and 4 weeks after treatment. Statistically significant differences between treatment and comparison groups were found on retell and story comprehension measures. A priori classification criteria resulted in 28 percent of the participants identified as Minimal Responders on the story retell measure and 19 percent as Minimal Responders on the story comprehension measure. Children who were dual-language learners did not have a different pattern of response than monolingual English speakers. Low-intensity narrative intervention delivered to a large group of children was efficacious and can serve as a targeted language intervention for use within preschool classrooms. A culturally and linguistically appropriate, dynamic approach to assessment identified children for whom intensified intervention would be recommended.
Ex Vivo Normothermic Machine Perfusion Is Safe, Simple, and Reliable
Authors: Nassar Ahmed , Liu Qiang , Farias Kevin , D’Amico Giuseppe , Tom Cynthia , Grady Patrick , Bennett Ana , Diago Uso Teresa , Eghtesad Bijan , Kelly Dympna , Fung John , Abu-Elmagd Kareem , Miller Charles , Quintini Cristiano
Published: April 2014

Introduction. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is an emerging preservation modality that holds the potential to prevent the injury associated with low temperature and to promote organ repair that follows ischemic cell damage. While several animal studies have showed its superiority over cold storage (CS), minimal studies in the literature have focused on safety, feasibility, and reliability of this technology, which represent key factors in its implementation into clinical practice. The aim of the present study is to report safety and performance data on NMP of DCD porcine livers. Materials and Methods. After 60 minutes of warm ischemia time, 20 pig livers were preserved using either NMP (n = 15; physiologic perfusion temperature) or CS group (n = 5) for a preservation time of 10 hours. Livers were then tested on a transplant simulation model for 24 hours. Machine safety was assessed by measuring system failure events, the ability to monitor perfusion parameters, sterility, and vessel integrity. The ability of the machine to preserve injured organs was assessed by liver function tests, hemodynamic parameters, and histology. Results. No system failures were recorded. Target hemodynamic parameters were easily achieved and vascular complications were not encountered. Liver function parameters as well as histology showed significant differences between the 2 groups, with NMP livers showing preserved liver function and histological architecture, while CS livers presenting postreperfusion parameters consistent with unrecoverable cell injury. Conclusion. Our study shows that NMP is safe, reliable, and provides superior graft preservation compared to CS in our DCD porcine model.
Identification of intermediate-risk patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism
Authors: Bova Carlo , Sanchez Olivier , Prandoni Paolo , Lankeit Mareike , Konstantinides Stavros , Vanni Simone , Jiménez David
Published: April 2014

The identification of normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) at high risk of adverse PE-related clinical events (i.e.intermediate-risk group) is a major challenge.

We combined individual patient data from six studies involving 2874 normotensive patients with PE. We developed a prognostic model for intermediate-risk PE based on the clinical presentation and the assessment of right ventricular dysfunction and myocardial injury. We used a composite of PE-related death, haemodynamic collapse or recurrent PE within 30 days of follow-up as the main outcome measure.

The primary outcome occurred in 198 (6.9%) patients. Predictors of complications included systolic blood pressure 90–100 mmHg (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.45, 95% CI 1.50–3.99), heart rate ≥110 beats per min (aOR 1.87, 95% CI 1.31–2.69), elevated cardiac troponin (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.71–3.69) and right ventricular dysfunction (aOR 2.28, 95% CI 1.58–3.29). We used these variables to construct a multidimensional seven-point risk index; the odds ratio for complications per one-point increase in the score was 1.55 (95% CI 1.43–1.68; p<0.001). The model identified three stages (I, II and III) with 30-day PE-related complication rates of 4.2%, 10.8% and 29.2%, respectively.

In conclusion, a simple grading system may assist clinicians in identifying intermediate-risk PE.
The Cyprus Problem after the 1999 Helsinki European Council
Authors: Attalides Michalis
Published: April 2014

This essay attempts to assess the consequences of the so-called Helsinki Strategy since its creation at the Helsinki European Council of December 1999. It analyzes the strategy’s interrelations with other processes involved in developments related to the Cyprus problem. Despite the fears and criticisms expressed at the time and the complex of events and processes that followed, the decisions affecting Cyprus, Turkey, and Greece at the Helsinki Council reflected a degree of “Europeanization” of a conflict situation. It is also argued that the contents of the Annan Plan for Cyprus’s reunification and the outcomes of the referenda on that plan in 2004 are not the results of the Helsinki Strategy but have a different origin.
The Modern Geopolitics of the Cyprus Question
Authors: Sitilides John
Published: April 2014

The long-standing Cyprus question is deeply influenced and shaped by the complex political and geostrategic environment of the broader Mediterranean region. In addition, Cyprus is key to European and Western power and influence in the greater Middle East and of increasing interest for energy extraction and transportation to markets. This essay lays out the interests of major regional players, including Europe, the United States, Greece, and Turkey, and their impact on Cyprus. Furthermore, it explains how Cyprus figures in the emerging regional energy extraction and transportation arrangements currently being developed by several actors in the region. The author argues that this multifaceted strategic environment must be taken into account in order to find a sustainable way forward on resolving the Cyprus question.
Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Reversible Structural Transformation of Two Zinc Coordination Polymers
Authors: Zhang Lina , Chen Jinxi , Ling Yun , Chen Zhenxia
Published: April 2014

Two zinc coordination polymers, [Zn(H2dhtp)(2,2′-bpy)(H2O)] (1) and [Zn(H2dhtp)(2,2′-bpy)] (2) (H4dhtp: 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid), have been simultaneously synthesized from a one-pot reaction system. Pure phase of 1 could be obtained by varying the ratio of Zn(II) salt/H4dhtp, while that of 2 could not. A reversible structural transformation between 1 and 2 was observed by heating and immersing in mother liquid, and their photoluminescent properties were also studied.
Reviews
Authors: Stanhope Zara , Allen Felicity , Connolly Maeve , Pedersen Courtney
Published: April 2014

‘Iteration: Again’, Contemporary Art Spaces Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, 18 September–15 October 2011

Smadar Dreyfus’ School, Folkestone Triennial 2011, Folkestone, UK, 25 June–25 September 2011

Chance, flow and measurement: Reviewing the Conference ‘TIMING – on the Temporal Dimension of Exhibiting’, Cultures of the Curatorial and Studio International, Academy of Visual Arts, Leipzig, 19–21 JANUARY 2012

The Culture of Curating and the Curating of Culture(s), Paul O’Neill (2012) Cambridge, MA and London, England: The MIT Press, 192 pp. ISBN: 9780262017725, h/bk, £19.95 (black and white illustrations)
Pendelmigration aus Oberschlesien
Authors: Palenga-Möllenbeck Ewa
Published: April 2014

Das Konzept »transnationaler Räume« hat der Migrationssoziologie neue Impulse gegeben. Wenig Beachtung hingegen fand bisher die Pendelmigration deutsch-polnischer Doppelstaatler aus Oberschlesien - einer Region, die aus der ehemaligen Peripherie Deutschlands wie Polens inzwischen mitten in ein vereintes Europa gerückt ist. Dabei macht die wechselvolle Geschichte dieser historischen Grenzregion sie geradezu zu einem Paradebeispiel für das Phänomen »Transnationalismus«. Die hier analysierten Lebensgeschichten ihrer Einwohner_innen werfen Schlaglichter auf europäische Diskurse über soziale und politische Partizipation sowie auf individuelle und kollektive Identitätsbildung.
Medien - Migration - Partizipation
Authors: Horz Christine
Published: April 2014

Studien zum Medienkonsum von Migrantinnen und Migranten werden in Deutschland häufig mit der Frage verknüpft, ob dies der Integration dient oder nicht. Die selbstständig hergestellten Medien der Migrantinnen und Migranten sind hingegen noch nicht systematisch erforscht. Christine Horz untersucht die Medienbeteiligung von Einwanderinnen und Einwanderern am Beispiel deutsch-iranischer TV-Produktionen in Offenen Kanälen. Die Verknüpfung eines kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Theoriegerüsts mit empirischen Befunden bietet aufschlussreiche Einblicke in die Produktionsprozesse, Themen und Inhalte der lokal ausgestrahlten, mehrsprachigen Fernsehsendungen - aber auch in strukturell bedingte Defizite und Exklusionsmechansimen öffentlich geförderter Medien in der Migrationsgesellschaft.
Kunst, Raum, Autorschaft
Authors: Pooth Alexia
Published: April 2014

Obwohl Raum und Autorschaft viel diskutiert werden, ist eine Verbindung beider Konzepte bisher kaum erfolgt. Unter dem theorieaffinen Ansatz der Autorgeografie verbindet Alexia Pooth erstmals das Zum-Künstler-Machen und off("i")# mit der Produktion von Räumlichkeit (Stadt, Landschaft, Innenraum, Nation). Ausgangspunkt für dieses kritische Nachdenken ist der US-amerikanische »self-taught artist« Clifford Holmead Phillips (1889-1975). Anhand seines in den USA und Europa situierten Nachlasses fokussiert die Studie Stilisierungs- und Platzierungsprozesse von Kunst und Künstlerschaft und spürt den Mythen und Sprechperspektiven nach, die ›vor Ort‹ zur Ausbildung von Autorschaft beitragen.
Ankara - Bonn - Brüssel
Authors: Incesu Günal
Published: April 2014

Wie waren und sind die deutsch-türkischen Beziehungen mit den Beitrittsbemühungen der Türkei in die Europäische Gemeinschaft vernetzt? Günal Incesu zeigt, wie sich insbesondere durch öffentliche Kommunikationsprozesse Wechselwirkungen und Abhängigkeiten zwischen den Einwanderungsprozessen aus der Türkei in die Bundesrepublik und den institutionellen Beziehungen zwischen der Europäischen Gemeinschaft und der Türkei entfalten und festigen konnten. Der Untersuchungszeitraum von 1959-1987 rückt dabei die Jahre in den Fokus, in denen die Grundlagen für die heutige Diskussion um die EU-Zugehörigkeit der Türkei geschaffen wurden.
Diskrete Differenzen
Authors: Böhmer Anselm
Published: April 2014

Bildung ist für den Menschen Selbst- und Weltverständigung. Motiviert durch die Impulse einer »asubjektiven Pädagogik« des tschechischen Dissidenten Jan Patocka (1907-1977) experimentiert Anselm Böhmer mit bildungsphilosophischen Entwürfen aus Geschichte und (jüngerer) Gegenwart. Er nutzt die Bildungstheorie Patockas für die aktuellen Debatten um Bildung sowie Kompetenz und findet eine eigene Position in diesem Diskurs - gerade aufgrund der sich diskret zeigenden Differenzen. Deutlich wird: Bildung sollte weniger mit Kompetenzerwerb gleichgesetzt werden als vielmehr mit tastenden Versuchen, sich und die Welt zu begreifen.
Zukunftsfähiger Humanismus
Authors: Kallweit Hilmar
Published: April 2014

Welche Rolle kann und muss der Humanismus in der Epoche der Globalisierung spielen? Rekonstruktiv und kritisch diskutiert Hilmar Kallweit die Zukunftsfähigkeit des anthropologisch-ethischen Deutungsentwurfs, der für den Humanismus seit der Antike leitend war. Anhand einschlägiger Quellen der beiden zentralen Phasen des nachantiken Humanismus, des rhetorischen Humanismus der Frühen Neuzeit und des klassischen Humanismus an der Schwelle zur Moderne, entwickelt er Konsequenzen für ein Erkenntnisprogramm, das dem Humanismus erneute Geltung und kulturelle Orientierungskompetenz verschaffen kann.
Alternative Modernen
Authors: Kouroshi Yahya
Published: April 2014

In diesem Buch wird die Politik und Poetik der Kulturen in den literarischen Werken dreier renommierter Autorinnen der 1960er Jahre untersucht: »Der geteilte Himmel« von Christa Wolf (DDR), »Savushun, Drama der Trauer« von Simin Daneshvar (Iran) und »La plaça del Diamant« von Mercè Rodoreda (Spanien). Anhand dieser »geteilten Geschichten« unter den autoritären Regierungszeiten von Schah, General Franco und den kommunistischen Machthabern in der DDR beleuchtet Yahya Kouroshi das Thema Moderne aus einer transkulturellen Perspektive und geht den vielfältigen Ausprägungen und Alternativen dieses globalen kulturellen und sozialen Phänomens nach.
Rassismus aus der Mitte
Authors: Markom Christa
Published: April 2014

Was denkt die »Mitte der österreichischen Gesellschaft« über »die Migrant_innen« und welche differenzerzeugenden Strategien stehen dahinter? Wodurch werden rassistische Haltungen von wem angenommen und wie wird Rassismus innerhalb von Gruppen weitergegeben? Im Rahmen einer sozialanthropologischen Forschung in »antirassistisch« und »rassistisch« wahrgenommenen Gruppen beantwortet Christa Markom diese Fragen. Zudem diskutiert sie am Beispiel von politisch und medial relevanten Schlagworten wie »Meinungsfreiheit« oder »Political Correctness« den Widerstand gegen Sprachverbote im Kontext von Rassismus, Kultur und Migration.
Von der Dampf- zur Nebelmaschine
Authors: Schranz Christine
Published: April 2014

Die Nutzungsgeschichte konvertierter Industriedenkmale lässt sich mit szenografischen Methoden und Strategien des zeitgenössischen Theaters vermitteln. Christine Schranz zeigt, wie hierdurch ehemalige Alltagswerte in einen kulturellen Wert transformiert werden. Mit der Produktion von szenografischen Räumen können interaktive, narrative und mediale Dramaturgien und Szenarien als interdisziplinäre Gegenentwürfe zu bisher vorwiegend didaktisch orientierten Vermittlungskonzepten aufgezeigt werden.
The algebra of essential relations on a finite set
Authors: Bouc Serge , Thévenaz Jacques
Published: April 2014

Let X be a finite set and let k be a commutative ring.
We consider the k-algebra of the monoid of all relations on X,
modulo the ideal generated by the relations factorizing through a set of cardinality strictly smaller than Card(X),
called inessential relations. This quotient is called the essential algebra associated to X.
We then define a suitable nilpotent ideal of the essential algebra
and describe completely the structure of the corresponding quotient,
a product of matrix algebras over suitable group algebras.
In particular, we obtain a description of all the simple modules for the essential algebra.
On the recurrence of symmetric jump processes
Authors: Ôkura Hiroyuki , Uemura Toshihiro
Published: April 2014

Recurrence criteria and related capacitary inequalities for a class of
symmetric pure jump processes
are given under suitable upper volume growth conditions
for the underlying metric measure space.
Recurrence problems for symmetric jump processes on d-sets are also investigated.
Laughter on the 2008 campaign trail: How presidential candidates used humor during primary debates
Authors: Stewart Patrick
Published: April 2014

Humor has long been an important tool for presidential candidates on the campaign trail by humanizing them while endearing them to their constituents. While this humor may reduce the chasm between candidate and voter while establishing the candidates' personal qualities and enhancing prestige, it can also be used as a tool to attack and denigrate opponents both within and outside the candidate's political party. The laughter that occurs can also serve to signal support for the candidate and increase group cohesion. This paper analyzes the use of humor by Republican and Democratic Presidential candidates during primary debates of the 2008 electoral season. Data from each political party's first three debates (Democrats: April 26, June 3, June 28; Republicans: May 3, May 15, June 5) as well as data from two additional debates which focused on both parties' front-running candidates (New Hampshire [January 5] and Super Tuesday [January 30, 31]) were collected using audience laughter as indicator of a “successful” humorous comment. Hypotheses concerning differences between the two parties and the status of the candidates as front-runners or second-tier are tested by considering the target of the humorous comment and the nature of the laughter elicited in terms of the source, as well as the length and strength of the audience response.
Deaf jokes and sign language humor
Authors: Sutton-Spence Rachel , Napoli Donna Jo
Published: April 2014

This paper describes the humor of Deaf communities, arguing that the humor is related primarily to the dominant visual experience of Deaf people, but also influenced by their knowledge of humor traditions in the hearing society at large. Sign language humor in America and Britain may be seen in the creation of new visual signs, the witty reanalysis of existing signs and in bilingual games in which English is manipulated within sign languages. The content of Deaf humor supports the in-group of community members who embrace their signing collective Deaf identity and denigrates out-group people, including deaf people who do not belong to the community and hearing people who are often seen as a threat to the community. Many of these jokes also make reference to sign language. We conclude that the visual nature of Deaf humor is one of its key characteristics and ask what else this can tell us about the Deaf cultural way of interacting with and presenting the world.
Are pun mechanisms universal? A comparative analysis across language families
Authors: Guidi Annarita
Published: April 2014

The purpose of this paper is to provide a new definition of pun, in order to describe it in a cross-linguistic perspective and to point out that puns, as verbal humorous phenomena which exploit ordinary phonetic processes, are universal. The definition is tested through a comparison among puns in 15 languages belonging to different families. I show that puns always imply the manipulation of a string through mechanisms involving all the elements of the phonetic chain. Such manipulation is realized in all possible string and syllable domains, tendentially within the threshold of five elements. Taking into account the progressive improvements in linguistic models of puns, the present study also provides a synthetic overview of the literature on puns and related phenomena. Results include some phonetic elements not considered in previous studies; a cross-linguistic formulation of phonetic distance between target and pun is also proposed.
Modelling of the Membrane Permeability Effect on the H2 Production Using CFD Method
Authors: Benguerba Yacine , Dumas Christine , Ernst Barbara
Published: April 2014

Autothermal reforming of CH4 in a membrane catalytic microreactor for the production of hydrogen at different temperatures over supported Ni catalysts has been studied. A three-dimensional mathematical model was developed using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. The effect of using different membranes on the performance of the micro-reactor was analysed. The amounts of hydrogen produced and separated in each case, under the same operating conditions, were compared. It was proven that using the porous membrane (Ni–Al2O3) could be an economic solution for the production and separation of hydrogen in membrane reactors.
Studies on Performance Analysis and Computer Aided Design of Inverse Fluidized Bed Bioreactors with Nanosupport Particles
Authors: Narayanan C. M. , Monangi Tejaswi , Prasad Harshika , Chakraborty Neelanjana
Published: April 2014

Attempts have been made to propose a modified design of inverse fluidized bed bioreactor (IFBBR) that utilizes immobilized enzyme nanosilica particles. The substrate solution is mixed uniformly with nanosilica particles, and the resultant slurry flows down the reactor keeping particles in suspension. The performance characteristics of the bioreactor of proposed design have been analysed both mathematically and experimentally. In the mathematical analysis, dispersed flow of suspension down the reactor tubes has been assumed. The mathematical results (from the developed software package) agree closely with the experimental results, the maximum deviation being 9.5%. The bioreactor provides high fractional conversion at high substrate flow rates, but demands low reactor volume. In addition, the operating cost of the reactor is substantially low. In reactors of this kind, resistance to substrate transfer into the support particles (nanoparticles) is negligible, and the global rate is essentially equal to the intrinsic rate (as the computed value of effectiveness factor is equal to unity for different types of kinetic equations and within wide range of substrate concentration). This must be attributed to the nanosize and consequent large specific surface of support particles. The present design of IFBBR is thus anticipated to be quite attractive for successful industrial adaptation.
Regression of the Recovery Rate of ACM Rubber Gasket for Long-Term Performances
Authors: Kwon Young-Doo , Roh Kwon-Taek , Kim Sung-Soo , Doh Jae-Hyeok
Published: April 2014

An engine head cover gasket in automobile engines is constantly exposed to high temperature and pressure conditions. The life time of an engine head cover gasket is important due to the increasing demand for more reliable automobile parts. The main failure mechanism of rubber gaskets, which is the aging due to temperature, can be determined using standard test equipment. The highly accelerated life test (HALT) is generally used for predicting the life time of rubber materials for a long period. Polyacrylate (ACM) with chlorine cure sites has been generally used for engine head gaskets. In order to improve the life time of such gaskets, ACM with carboxyl cure sites has been developed recently. In this study, we applied a mathematical model to obtain the recovery function of a rubber gasket, and utilized the fortran program in order to obtain the optimized recovery function by using the successive zooming genetic algorithm (SZGA). Comparisons of the mean squared error (MSE) between the function data and the experimental data have been made. The life times of ACM with carboxyl cure sites rubber gaskets for different compression rates were obtained using the Arrhenius model. More accurate quantitative predictions considering the maximum compression rate would be realized.
Experimental Research of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Mechanics of Aero-NBR
Authors: Wu Y. , Wang D. , Zhang W. , Zhang J.
Published: April 2014

In order to analyze the rules of thermal-oxidative aging on the mechanics of Aero-NBR, a hot air accelerated aging test platform is designed and used to research the influence of thermal-oxidative aging on Aero-NBR’s mechanical property. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of Aero-NBR increases with increasing aging time under a certain temperature, and the elongation at failure first increases and then decreases; under the effect of pressure load, the compression stress relaxation factor decreases with time: the higher the temperature, the faster the stress relaxes. Furthermore, the compression permanent deformation increases with time when the temperature is fixed.
Investigating the Consistency of Asphalt Density Measurement Methods Over a Wide Range of Air Voids
Authors: Howard Isaac L. , Doyle Jesse D.
Published: April 2014

The overall purpose of this paper is to identify the most reliable bulk mixture specific gravity (Gmb) measurement method for dense graded asphalt concrete that can be used for a wide range of air voids and specimen types. A secondary purpose is to identify ranges of conditions where less established Gmb measurement methods are suitable. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify promising density test methods for further study. Findings from studies comparing AASHTO T166 (saturated surface dry method) and AASHTO T331 (Corelok method) were used to provide a succinct summary of the relative behaviors of the two methods at mix design, performance testing, and field construction air void levels. Density measurement was performed using four methods (AASHTO T166, T269, T331, and TP82) on dense graded mixture specimens. In total, approximately 2500 data points were used herein, with approximately 30 % of this total coming from literature review and 70 % coming from the authors of this paper. Review of literature along with the evidence presented in this paper indicates that T331 is the most reasonably accurate and versatile Gmb measurement method for a wide range of air voids all the way from mix design through performance testing to construction acceptance testing. T331 has also been recommended (or at least evaluated favorably) by several previous researchers over the last ten years. Based on the evidence presented in this paper, the provisional TP82 test method in its current form does not provide acceptable Gmb measurements relative to T166 or T331 over a wide range of air voids. The magnitude of the discrepancy begins to increase dramatically as air voids increase.
Time trends in prostate cancer mortality according to major geographic regions of Brazil: an analysis of three decades
Authors: Conceição Mara Beatriz Martins , Boing Antonio Fernando , Peres Karen Glazer
Published: April 2014

The aim of this study was to analyze prostate cancer mortality and time trends in Brazil, according to major geographic regions, States, and age brackets. Data on deaths from 1980 to 2010 were obtained from the Mortality Information System. Mortality trends were estimated using Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression. An upward time trend was observed in mortality in all regions of Brazil, with a mean annual increase of 2.8%. The upward trend in mortality occurred in most of the age brackets, with a concentration of deaths in men 70 to 79 years of age (41%) and a significant increase in the 40 to 60-year age bracket. The mortality rate increased significantly in all age brackets in the Northeast, compared to the other regions of Brazil. The study highlighted the importance of redistributing deaths from ill-defined causes in order to correct the mortality rates. The results point to significant regional differences and the need for continuous monitoring of mortality from prostate cancer in Brazil.