bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rohingya: a Neglected Ethnic, Potential for Nation Development in Myanmar
Authors: Pazli  , Feza Pardhana  , Rahmat Kurniawan
Published: April 2023

There has been discrimination against the human rights of the Rohingya ethnic minority in Myanmar. There have been a number of attempts by the incumbent regime to remove their citizenship status in Myanmar. The world community; caring countries; non-state and other international organizations that are pro-humanity reacted strongly. However, the regime in power did not ignore it, even closed itself off from various responses from various parties and still did not recognize the citizenship status of the Rohingya ethnicity. The question is, why does the ruling regime insist on not recognizing the citizenship status of the Rohingya? Why do regional and international organizations respond to discrimination against the Rohingya?; What ideas are offered to make “ethnicity” a capital for nation building?. The research uses qualitative methods with literature study, sourced from secondary data from documentation and literature. The finding is that the Rohingya ethnic citizenship status that is not recognized can perpetuate the domination of the military regime's power in Myanmar. The international response to discrimination in Myanmar is a form of concern for ensuring the upholding of the pillars of democracy, global security, international law and human rights in Myanmar. A new ideology is needed for tomorrow's generation in order to change the "ethnic faction" into the nation's "development energy"
Smartland Surveillance System (SLSS): Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Big Data Perkotaan
Authors: Ahmad Gamal  , Ronni Ardhianto  , Wisnu Jatmiko
Published: April 2023

Permintaan untuk pemodelan 3D menggunakan light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sebagai sumber utama untuk mengamati, merencanakan, dan mengelola kawasan perkotaan telah meningkat. Penggunaan data LiDAR meningkatkan akurasi pemodelan sehingga dapat digunakan untuk penentuan kebijakan dan perencanaan infrastruktur. Berbagai macam penelitian terhadap data LiDAR telah dilakukan, salah satunya adalah segmentasi bangunan dari data LiDAR indoor maupun outdoor. Untuk kasus outdoor, data LiDAR dapat diperoleh dari dua sudut pandang, yaitu ground view dan aerial view. Penelitian ini membahas aplikasi sistem informasi smartland surveillance system (SLSS) untuk big data perkotaan. Peneliti mengembangkan segmentasi bangunan secara otomatis dengan menggunakan metode deep learning dan menggunakan data LiDAR yang diambil dari pesawat udara tanpa awak. Hasilnya penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan dapat menyegmentasi bangunan, permukaan, dan vegetasi dengan baik dengan rata-rata akurasi yang dihasilkan untuk dataset Kupang dan Depok mencapai 70–80%.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi untuk Mendeteksi Real Beneficiary Owner dalam Perspektif Perpajakan Indonesia
Authors: Fannany Priambodo  , Iwan Djuniardi
Published: April 2023

Perkembangan teknologi mendorong semakin kompleksnya transaksi ekonomi dan pada saat yang sama dunia usaha mencari cara untuk melakukan perencanaan perpajakan, baik melalui tax avoidance atau pun tax evasion, salah satunya melalui praktek penyamaran kepemilikan atau penerima manfaat. Berbagai perangkat hukum telah dibuat untuk memitigasi perilaku tersebut dengan mengidentifikasi penerima manfaat (beneficiary owner). Upaya tersebut perlu didukung oleh sarana pengujian dan perangkat teknologi yang mampu mengidentifikasi pola dan perilaku. Pemanfaatan teknologi graph analytics dengan menggunakan algoritma longest path dan centrality menjadi salah satu upaya Direktorat Jenderal Pajak untuk mengidentifikasi subjek, pola dan perilaku.
Abnormal Clots and All-Cause Mortality During the Pandemic Experiment: Five Doses of COVID-19 Vaccine Are Evidently Lethal to Nearly All Medicare Participants
Authors: Santiago Daniel , Oller John W
Published: April 2023

Nyström and Hammarström (2022) found 7 segments in the bio-active SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that can produce abnormal proteinaceous (fibrinaloid) clots according to the Waltz algorithm. In vitro results confirmed the Waltz predictions. If the spike coding sequence was captured in the BNT162b2, Moderna, and other injectables, as claimed by the manufacturers, the clot producing segments are present in them too. Mainstream medical publications claim that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause abnormal clotting, especially in “long COVID”. Telling evidence from Medicare data shows a decreasing life expectancy with each dose of COVID-19 “vaccine” — 1 dose is worse than 0, and 2 worse than 1, etc. In Connecticut, 26,091 Medicare participants who died before December 31, 2022, but never took a COVID injection, on the average, survived 428 days after the middle of the pandemic period (July 27, 2020). By then nearly all of them must have been exposed to and/or infected by some SARS-CoV-2 variant — hence, the CDC urging to take the “vaccines”. By contrast, 108,156 Medicare patients across the US who died before January 1, 2023, after just 1 dose of COVID-19 “vaccine”, survived only 308 days — a loss of 119.9 days on the average. Connecticut participants, 23,248 of them, who received 2 to 5 doses, on the average, lost an additional 62 days of life-expectancy with each booster. It follows that 5 boosters times 62 days reduces the average remaining 308 days left-to-live after dose 1 by 310 days. So, nearly all the Medicare participants will have been dead for 2 days by booster 4 (dose 5). The upshot is that 5 doses, on the average, will kill all the Medicare participants who accept the advice of the CDC.[1] For 157,495 of the 65 and older Medicare population studied here — people supposedly most apt to benefit from COVID-19 injectables — days-left-to-live shrinks by 74 days, on the average, with each dose. It is also likely that the COVID-19 injectables are partly, maybe wholly, responsible for the unnatural clots found by treating physicians, pathologists, and embalmers in living and dead recipients of the experimental injectables. It is certain is that the injectables are increasing all-cause mortality across the globe.

[1] In the dataset from Connecticut, only 7 of 57,261 Medicare participants (7/57261 = 0.000122), or about 1.22 persons in 10,000 survived 5 doses during the experimental pandemic in order to take a 6th dose. Those who did so died, on the average, in 34 days. Only 1 participant survived 6 doses to receive a 7th and died within 69 days at the age of 68.
Bereavement: Stages and the Dual Model of Grieving
Authors: Mkhitaryan Alexandra O.
Published: April 2023

The article provides a brief historical overview of grief studies, a definition of this concept and a description of the complexities of the work associated with it, the criteria for diagnosing grief, myths and reality of this psychological phenomenon. The article also includes a description of the modern protocol of working with grief and the authors ideas on how the dual model of grief corresponds to the TA structural model.
The Use of Metaphorical Maps in the Practice of Psychological Counseling within the Framework of the Transactional-Analytical Approach
Authors: Gilek Yulia N.
Published: April 2023

This article presents the authors methodology of working with metaphorical associative cards within the framework of the transactional-analytical approach in psychological counseling. A qualitative study was conducted, i.e. Phenomena (states, thoughts, feelings and sensations of the subject) were highlighted, as well as their dynamics on the way to the solution of the request in the practice of counceling with the MAK. The study is based on the principles of Transactional Analysis of personality ego-states. The text uses the concept of internal dialogue, which problematizes the way out of conflicts and through the impasses while moving towards the solving the request.
How Did I Choose Transactional Analysis and Find My Trainer?
Authors: Barsukova Svetlana A. , Kochetkova-Korelova Olga V.
Published: April 2023

In this article graduates of the group 202 of Transactional Analysis talk about their experience of training. Why did they prefer Transactional Analysis? ow did the training go? What can they recommend to those who are just starting their journey?
Vacation of Transactional Analysts: How Psychologists Relax and Negotiate with Clients
Authors: Titaeva Anastasiya V.
Published: April 2023

In this article the topic how to rest psychologists working in the modality Transactional Analysis is revealed. Twelve specialists participated in the review. An overview about periodicity of vacations, difficulties with clients, budget planning and life hacks is presented.
การเปรียบเทียบประสิทธิภาพระหว่างการให้ธาตุเหล็กทดแทนแบบวันเว้นวัน กับการให้ธาตุเหล็กทุกวันในการรักษาภาวะโลหิตจางในหญิงวัยเจริญพันธุ์
Authors:   , ตรีทิเพนทร์ ศศินิภา
Published: April 2023

ที่มา : แนวทางการรักษาโลหิตจางจากการขาดเหล็ก มักแบ่งให้ยาเสริมธาตุเหล็กเป็นวันละ 2-3 ครั้ง แต่มีการศึกษาในผู้ป่วยที่ขาดธาตุเหล็กแต่ยังไม่มีภาวะซีด แสดงให้เห็นว่าการให้ยาธาตุเหล็กแบบวันเว้นวัน ทำให้มีการดูดซึมธาตุเหล็กที่ดีกว่า การแบ่งให้หลายมื้อทุกวัน

วัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของการให้ยาธาตุเหล็กแบบวันเว้นวันวันละครั้ง ว่าไม่ด้อยไปกว่า การให้ยาธาตุเหล็กทดแทนทุกวัน ในผู้ป่วยหญิงวัยเจริญพันธุ์ที่มีภาวะโลหิตจางจากการขาดธาตุเหล็ก

วิธีการศึกษา : การศึกษาปลายเปิดแบบสุ่ม ที่แสดงความไม่ด้อยกว่า ในผู้ป่วยเพศหญิง อายุ 18-50 ปี ที่ได้รับการวินิจฉัยว่ามีภาวะโลหิตจางจากการขาดธาตุเหล็ก สุ่มเลือกวิธีรับประทานยาเป็น ferrous sulphate 400 mg วันละครั้ง วันเว้นวัน หรือ ferrous sulphate 200 mg วันละ 2 ครั้ง ทุกวัน โดยศึกษาสัดส่วนของผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับฮีโมโกลบิน(Hb) เพิ่มขึ้นมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 2 g/dL ที่วันที่ 30 หลังการรักษา และมีวัตถุประสงค์ทุติยภูมิได้แก่ สัดส่วนของผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับ Hb เพิ่มขึ้นมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 1 g/dL ที่วันที่ 30 ระดับ Hb

ผลการศึกษา : ผู้เข้าร่วมวิจัย 43 คน แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มที่ได้รับยาธาตุเหล็กวันเว้นวัน 21 คน และได้รับยาทุกวัน 22 คน หลังการรักษาไป 30 วัน สัดส่วนของผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับ Hb เพิ่มขึ้นมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 2 g/dL เท่ากับ 57.1% และ 63.6% (95%CI -0.34 to 0.22, P = 0.282 ) ซึ่งไม่สามารถสรุปได้ว่าการให้ยาธาตุเหล็กแบบวันเว้นวันไม่ด้อยไปกว่าการให้ยาธาตุเหล็กแบบทุกวัน อย่างไรก็ตามผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับ Hb เพิ่มขึ้นมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 1 g/dL เท่ากับ 100% และ 90.9% ตามลำดับ (95%CI -0.07 to 0.27, P = 0.006) และเมื่อติดตามผู้ป่วยไป 90 วันหลังการรักษาพบว่าระดับHb และ ferritin ไม่มีความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P = 0.574) และ (P = 0.280) 

สรุปผล : การให้ยาธาตุเหล็กแบบวันเว้นวัน อาจเป็นทางเลือกที่น่ามาใช้ในการรักษาภาวะซีดจากการขาดธาตุเหล็ก โดยเลือกใช้ในผู้ป่วยที่ไม่ต้องการเพิ่มระดับของฮีโมโกลบินอย่างรวดเร็ว
การเปรียบเทียบอัตราการลดลงของสารยูรีมิกมวลโมเลกุลขนาดกลาง ระหว่างการฟอกเลือดโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ขนาดปานกลาง เปรียบเทียบกับการฟอกเลือดด้วยเทคนิคฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่น แบบมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นโดยใช้ตัวกรองมาตรฐาน (การศึกษาไขว้กลุ่มแบบไปข้างหน้า)
Authors:   , เอี่ยมเจริญยิ่ง จิรารัตน์
Published: April 2023

วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาอัตราการการลดลงของสารยูรีมิกมวลโมเลกุลขนาดกลาง ß2-microglobulin ในผู้ป่วยไตวายเรื้อรังระยะท้ายที่ทำการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลาง และการฟอกเลือดเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่นโดยใช้ตัวกรองมาตรฐาน วิธีการวิจัย การวิจัยเชิงทดลองแบบสุ่มไขว้กลุ่มแบบไปข้างหน้า ในผู้ป่วยไตวายเรื้อรังระยะท้ายที่ทำการฟอกเลือดด้วยเครื่องไตเทียม 3 ครั้งต่อสัปดาห์ที่โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์จำนวนทั้งหมด 14 ราย โดยแบ่งเป็นกลุ่มที่ได้รับการฟอกเลือดด้วยเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่นโดยใช้ตัวกรองมาตรฐาน และกลุ่มที่ได้รับการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลาง ทั้งสองกลุ่มได้รับการเก็บเลือดส่งตรวจสารยูรีมิกในทุกวันที่มาฟอกกลางสัปดาห์ทุกสัปดาห์ จนครบ 8 สัปดาห์ก่อนฟอก และหลังฟอก และนำมาหาค่าเฉลี่ยของอัตราการลดลงของสารของแต่ละเทคนิค รวมทั้งยังเก็บน้ำยาไตเทียมที่ได้จากการฟอกเพื่อนำมาหาค่าเฉลี่ยของอัลบูมินที่สูญเสีย ผลการศึกษา พบว่าการฟอกเลือดด้วยเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่นสามารถกำจัดสารยูรีมิกมวลโมเลกุลขนาดปานกลาง ß2-microglobulin ได้มากกว่าค่าที่ส่งผลดีต่ออัตราการรอดชีวิตคือร้อยละ 80 และยังมากกว่าการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลาง โดยค่าเฉลี่ยของอัตราการลดลงของ ß2-microglobulin และค่าเบี่ยงเบนมัธยฐานในเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่น และการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลาง เท่ากับ 85.12 ± 3.87 และ 82.57 ± 5.34 ตามลำดับ ซึ่งมีค่าเฉลี่ยของความแตกต่างระหว่างกลุ่มเท่ากับ 2.56 ซึ่งมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p=0.001) สำหรับสารยูรีมิกมวลโมเลกุลขนาดเล็ก ขนาดกลาง และสารยูรีมิกที่จับกับโปรตีน ได้แก่ ยูเรีย, Ƙ-free light chain และอินดอกซิลซัลเฟต ไม่พบความแตกต่างของความสามารถในการกำจัดระหว่าง 2 กลุ่ม อย่างไรก็ตามสารยูรีมิกมวลโมเลกุลขนาดปานกลางที่มีขนาดใหญ่ขึ้น เช่น ɑ1-microglobulin และ λ-free light chain พบว่าการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลางสามารถกำจัดออกได้มากกว่าการฟอกเลือดด้วยเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่น อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p <0.001) โดยค่าเฉลี่ยของอัตราการลดลงของ ɑ1-microglobulin เท่ากับ 41.49 ± 11.46 และ 30.13 ± 15.90 ตามลำดับ และ λ-free light chain  เท่ากับ 50.81 ± 13.18 และ 40.85 ± 13.92 ตามลำดับ ในแง่ของการสูญเสียอัลบูมินทางน้ำยาไตเทียมพบว่าการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลางสูญเสียอัลบูมินมากกว่าการฟอกเลือดด้วยเทคนิคมิกซ์ไดลูชั่นฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่น เท่ากับ 3.51กรัมต่อครั้ง และ0.58 กรัมต่อครั้งตามลำดับซึ่งมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p=0.025) แต่เมื่อพิจารณาแง่ของระดับอัลบูมินในเลือดพบว่าทั้ง 2 กลุ่มไม่แตกต่างกัน สรุป การศึกษานี้แสดงให้เห็นว่าการฟอกเลือดทั้ง 2 เทคนิคสามารถกำจัดสารยูรีมิกได้ในระดับที่เหมาะสม ดังนั้นในกรณีที่เครื่องมือฮีโมไดอะฟิวเตรชั่นไม่พร้อมใช้สามารถนำการฟอกเลือดแบบดั้งเดิมโดยใช้ตัวกรองรูใหญ่ปานกลางมาใช้ทดแทนกันได้
ความชุกของภาวะความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำ ภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อย และ การเกิดกระดูกหักในผู้ใหญ่ไทยที่เป็นโรคธาลัสซีเมียชนิดพึ่งพาเลือด
Authors:   , โสธนนันทน์ สุทธนา
Published: April 2023

วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาความชุกและปัจจัยเสี่ยงของภาวะความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำ ภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อย และการเกิดกระดูกหักในผู้ใหญ่ไทยที่เป็นโรคธาลัสซีเมียชนิดพึ่งพาเลือด

วิธีการวิจัย การวิจัยแบบตัดขวางในผู้ใหญ่ไทยที่เป็นโรคธาลัสซีเมียชนิดพึ่งพาเลือดในโรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ สภากาชาดไทย  ทำการตรวจวัดความหนาแน่นของกระดูกที่กระดูกสันหลังส่วนเอว (lumbar spine) กระดูกสะโพกรวม (total hip) และกระดูกคอสะโพก (femoral neck) ด้วยเครื่อง dual energy X-ray absorptiometry เก็บข้อมูลกระดูกหักจากการซักประวัติและการตรวจทางรังสีของกระดูกสันหลังส่วนอกและเอว และประเมินภาวะกล้ามเนื้อน้อยตามเกณฑ์วินิจฉัยของ Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia ปี ค.ศ. 2014

ผลการศึกษา ผู้เข้าร่วมวิจัยทั้งหมด 116 คน มีค่ามัธยฐานของอายุ 33 (IQR 23-43.5) ปี ค่าเฉลี่ยดัชนีมวลกาย 20.0 กก./ม.2 ผู้ป่วยส่วนใหญ่เป็นโรคธาลัสซีเมียชนิดเบต้าฮีโมโกลบินอี พบความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำ (T-score < -1.0) ร้อยละ 93.9 ในจำนวนนี้ร้อยละ 40 มีภาวะกระดูกพรุน (T-score < -2.5) พบความชุกของการเกิดกระดูกหักจากภยันตรายที่ไม่รุนแรง (fragility fracture) ร้อยละ 20.7 และภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อยร้อยละ 30.2 ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกกับความหนาแน่นของกระดูกได้แก่ ดัชนีมวลกาย (กระดูกสันหลังส่วนเอวและสะโพกรวม) ส่วนปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์เชิงลบกับความหนาแน่นของกระดูกได้แก่ เพศหญิง (กระดูกคอสะโพก) ระดับเฟอร์ริติน (กระดูกสะโพกรวม) ประวัติตัดม้าม (กระดูกสะโพกรวม) และภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อย (กระดูกสะโพกรวม) ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อยคือการใช้ยาขับเหล็กชนิด deferiprone (OR 2.37; 95%CI 1.052-5.348, p=0.037) พบว่าผู้ป่วยที่มีมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อยทุกคนจะมีความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำ ในทางกลับกัน ร้อยละ 32 ของผู้ป่วยที่มีความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำจะมีภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อยร่วมด้วย และพบว่าภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อยเพิ่มความเสี่ยงในการเกิดกระดูกหักจากภยันตรายที่ไม่รุนแรง 3.5 เท่า (OR 3.49, 95%CI 1.318, 9.236, P=0.012) ความผิดปกติทางฮอร์โมนที่พบบ่อยที่สุดในการศึกษานี้คือ ภาวะขาดวิตามินดี (ระดับ 25-dihydroxyvitamin D < 20 นก./มล.) คิดเป็นร้อยละ 51 รองลงมาคือระดับ IGF-1 ต่ำ ฮอร์โมนไทรอยด์ต่ำหรือต่ำแบบไม่มีอาการ ระดับฮอร์โมนเพศต่ำ ระดับน้ำตาลในเลือดขณะอดอาหารผิดปกติ (impaired fasting glucose) และระดับฮอร์โมนพาราไทรอยด์ต่ำ ในความผิดปกติทางฮอร์โมนทั้งหมดนี้ พบว่ามีเพียงระดับ IGF-1 ที่มีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกกับความหนาแน่นของกระดูก และมีความสัมพันธ์เชิงลบกับการเกิดกระดูกหักจากภยันตรายที่ไม่รุนแรง 

สรุป ผู้ป่วยธาลัสซีเมียชนิดพึ่งพาเลือดมีความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดภาวะความหนาแน่นของกระดูกต่ำ ภาวะมวลกล้ามเนื้อน้อย และกระดูกหักจากภยันตรายที่ไม่รุนแรง ดังนั้นจึงควรมีแนวทางคัดกรองและป้องกันภาวะเหล่านี้ เพื่อลดโอกาสในการเกิดกระดูกหักในอนาคต
English language assessment policy and agency of English teachers in Thailand
Authors:   , Dhammarungruang Benjamas
Published: April 2023

The concept of human agency has received increasing attention in the field of education in the past decade. Education researchers, those in the area of English language education included, have much to grapple with in exploring and conceptualizing agency of teachers—or teacher agency. This is because teacher agency has been emphasized in education policy, stressing the importance of teachers acting as “agents of change.” Yet, ironically, education policy both enables and constrains teacher agency due to the conflicts between the rhetoric of policy text and the reality of teaching context faced by the teachers. This paradoxical situation, coupled with the lack of understanding of teacher agency, renders a persistent gap between policy and practice.

The current study thus aims to contribute to greater understanding of teacher agency in relation to an education policy—namely, the English language assessment policy of Thailand’s higher education. Insights are gleaned from questionnaire surveys (n = 63) and in-depth interviews (n = 26) with English language teachers of various nationalities, currently teaching undergraduate-level English, from public and private higher education institutions across Thailand. Findings reveal that manifestation of teacher agency is contingent not only on personal but also on ecological factors, one of which being the English language assessment policy in focus of this study. Such manifestation can be categorized into five types according to the extent to which teacher agency is influenced by the policy. Even so, it appears that manifestation of teacher agency depends not so much on the direct demands of policy mandates as on the teachers’ personal dispositions being mediated by the institutional culture and structure.

The implication from research findings is twofold. One, it is important to understand what constitutes teacher agency—how and how much it is enabled, constrained, exercised, achieved, and in the end translated into the quality of English language education. Better understanding of teacher agency could aid policy makers in future policy planning and drafting so as to formulate a policy that is practical and implementable. Two, it is important for institutional management to foster the creation and sustenance of an ecology that would enhance the achievement of teacher agency in the classroom as well as in the institution on the whole. When teachers are provided with viable plans and feasible means, then and only then can they fully act as “agents of change” who will bring about positive impact of the English language assessment policy on the overall English language education in Thailand.
The effects of differentiated reading instruction on reading comprehension and self-efficacy of undergraduate students
Authors:   , Cholsakorn Prodpran
Published: April 2023

This study examined the effects of differentiated reading instruction (DRI) on the reading comprehension and self-efficacy of undergraduate students. The study indicated their improvement in both areas after the intervention. Thirty-three students attending the course of English for Scientists were chosen for the study. The pre-test in reading comprehension and the self-efficacy questionnaire were administered before the intervention. The scores of the pre-test of reading comprehension were used to divide the students into two groups according to their level of reading proficiency: lower-proficiency level students and higher-proficiency level students. The post-test of reading comprehension and that of self-efficacy was administered after the course to measure the students’ improvement. The content, process and product were tiered to accommodate students’ learning in each group. To differentiate the content and process, the materials were tiered according to each group’s reading ability level. Intermediate-level students received the on-level texts while beginner-level students received the simplified texts. Scaffolding was also provided to the students to help their reading according to their proficiency. To differentiate the product or students’ performance, the criteria for assessing students’ presentation were also adjusted to suit the level of the students. The findings showed a significant improvement in both reading comprehension and self-efficacy, with more significant improvement in the lower-level proficiency group. The correlation coefficient suggested that there was no relationship between students’ reading comprehension and self-efficacy. However, the positive attitudes of students toward DRI were evidenced. Based on the study findings, it could be concluded that DRI could be effectively implemented to promote students’ reading comprehension and self-efficacy.
The effects of project-based drama approach via blended learning environment on Thai EFL undergraduated student’s speaking skills
Authors:   , Phu-ngamthong Tunyaphoom
Published: April 2023

The objectives of this study were 1) to examine the effectiveness of project-based drama approach via blended learning environment on English speaking skills, and 2) to investigate the students’ opinions towards project-based drama approach via blended learning environment on English speaking skills.The framework was derived from the combination of three models; Teaching English through Drama for Oral Skills Model, the Project-Based Learning framework, and the Blended Learning Model. The study was conducted face-to-face and online for 14 consecutive weeks in the second semester of Academic Year of 2020 at Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University. The participants were 51 third-year students who enrolled in Learning English through Drama course.​ To respond to the research question, the data were collected quantitatively and qualitatively.

The findings revealed that 1) there were significant differences between the pre-test and the post-test scores (p​ <0.05). It illustrated that the students' speaking skills have been improve​d​ after the implementation of project-based drama approach via blended learning environment. 2) The students had positive opinions towards the treatment, and they found it beneficial for their speaking skills improvement. The study suggested that the project-based drama approach via blended learning environment tends to be an effective approach to enhance speaking skills, and it should be integrated into teaching English for EFL students. Further, the study gave some useful insights for future studies, students, and teachers in teaching English speaking skills.
Effect of deep margin elevation with resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer on marginal sealing of CAD/CAM ceramic inlays: an in vitro study
Authors:   , Vichitgomen Jaraswan
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the marginal sealing ability of different restorative materials used in deep margin elevation (DME) on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate CAD/CAM ceramic restoration. Methods. A total of 30 Class II cavities were prepared in freshly extracted human molars with the proximal gingival margin located 1 mm below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). All specimens were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n=10): control group, resin composite group (FiltekTM Z350 XT), and resin-modified glass ionomer group (VitremerTM Tricure). In group 1, control group, no DME was performed. The inlay margin of the control group was placed directly onto dentin. In groups 2 and 3, DME was used to elevate the margin to 1 mm above the CEJ with resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer, respectively. Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate CAD/CAM ceramic restorations were then bonded onto all specimens with a universal bonding and self-adhesive resin cement. All specimens were aged by water storage for 6 months. Marginal sealing ability at different interfaces was evaluated with a stereomicroscope at a 40x magnification by scoring the depth of silver nitrate penetration along the adhesive surfaces. Statistical differences between groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann- Whitney U tests. Results. At the dentin interface, there was no significant difference in microleakage scores in the control group and resin composite group (p = 0.577); however, the RMGI group had a significantly higher microleakage compared to the control group (p = 0.004) and resin composite group (p = 0.007). Conclusion. When DME is indicated, resin composite performed better as a DME material when compared to RMGI in terms of marginal sealing ability.
Effect of different static surgical guided systems on the accuracy of implant position in esthetic zone
Authors:   , Amnuaychottawe Arissa
Published: April 2023

Objectives To evaluate the effect of different surgical guided systems on the accuracy of single implant placement in the anterior zone. Methods Twenty operators were divided into two groups by the system they performed in the experiment (Straumann Guided Surgery®; SG and Astra Tech Guide Surgery®; AG). One operator placed one implant on the right central incisor using a computer-guided template that had been planned with 3Shape Implant Studio® program. After the implant installation process was completed, all models were scanned and determined the placed implant position. The amount of coronal, horizontal, vertical, and angular deviation of planned and placed implant positions was statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test to investigate the influence of two different surgical guided systems.
Results The different guided surgery systems had no statistically significant effect on the accuracy of a single implant position except for the 3D coronal deviation. Moreover, the sleeve-on-drill concept resulted in a significantly greater coronal error when compared to the sleeve-in-sleeve concept (P < 0.05).  Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, the use of a step-by-step computer-guided surgery assists the operator to place an implant with reliable accuracy in any system. However, the different systems with different concepts had effects on the 3D deviation at implant platform.
The overall esthetic assessment of anterior single-tooth implant restoration using esthetic sustainable criteria in 5-year clinical cross-sectional study
Authors:   , Sangprasertkul Tharitsawan
Published: April 2023

Objective: To compare the esthetic score (using the Esthetic Sustainable Criteria) among titanium, zirconia and gold alloy abutments of single tooth implant in 5 years follow up. 

Mateirals and Methods: 24 patients who were treated with single anterior implant at Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University were recruited. There were 8 patients for each abutment material. Demographic data, biological parameters such as modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), radiographic images (Periapical films and CBCT images) were collected. The esthetic score (gingival, prosthodontic and bone score) was evaluated according to the Esthetic Sustainable Criteria. The mean difference of modified sulcus bleeding index, gingival score, prosthodontic score and bone score were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis. While the mean differences of labial bone thickness, labial bone height, the distance from implant platform to the first bone-implant contact (DIB), pocket depth were compared by One-Way ANOVA. Furthermore, the comparison of labial bone thickness and height between 0-2 years and 5 years were analyzed by paired t-test, which 0.05 was the significant level. 

Results: All abutment materials showed similar modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), mean of probing depth (PD) and esthetic score (gingival, prosthodontic and bone score). Moreover, zirconia abutment illustrated better implant axis score than titanium abutment significantly. Furthermore, labial bone thickness was significantly reduced from 0-2 years to 5 years in titanium and zirconia abutments. And labial bone height was also shown to be significantly decreased in zirconia and gold alloy groups.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, these three abutment materials showed the similar acceptable status for periodontal parameters such as modified plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, esthetic score in term of peri-implant soft tissue and prosthesis during 5 years follow up period. However, the comparison of labial bone thickness and height alterations among abutment materials could not be concluded. Because the number of CBCT images at 0-2 years in each abutment group was not equal. It was suggested that more study with a larger sample size should be conducted.
A Comparative Study of Financial Literacy between the EU and Thailand. What can Thailand learn from the EU?
Authors:   , Siripattananuntakul Nutchapat
Published: April 2023

Financial literacy is a key factor in promoting economic stability. In a situation where the world is changing rapidly, financial literacy is essential in various contexts. Nowadays, many Thai retired individuals face an increase in debt burden, and they do not have enough money for living after retirement. As the researcher is a Thai nationality, the researcher aspires to contribute to Thailand's financial literacy. Pursuing Master of Arts in European Studies have led the researcher to develop an interest in comparing the financial skills of Thais and Europeans. The objective of this study is to compare the financial literacy between the EU and Thailand, using Germany as a case study. Results from secondary data analysis show that Thailand appears relatively weak in financial knowledge score due to lower education. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should incorporate aspects of education from the European Union and Germany to fix policies to include practical aspects of financial education for Thailand to achieve better financial literacy standards.
Communist “Normal” Life: The Criticism of Daily Life under a Totalitarian Regime
Authors:   , Archewa Rawee
Published: April 2023

The communist regime in Eastern Europe came after the end of Second World War by promoting the equality of people. The difference between West and East with two regimes obviously classified the living of people; the Western bloc emphasized on rights and freedom fostering the expansion of consumerist ideology. Consequently, the economic in the West developed, followed by the prosperity and well-being of people. In contrast to the Eastern bloc, it was controlled by the state and the evidences showed that the communist leaders could not serve the people’s wants and needs. While the communist state created their enormous and extravagant buildings, people had to live in the crowded apartments. There were the shortage of food and necessities, as well as the corruption, black market, and bribery grew. Slavenka Drakulić, the famous Croatian journalist and writer who experienced the life under the oppressive totalitarian regime, wrote the book namely ‘How We Survived Communism and Even Laughed’ and ‘Café Europa’ talking about the everyday life under communism and its ‘scar’ on people after democratization. These self-writings told me that the regime had much impact to the individual’s life. And the regime which could not serve the people’s wants and needs, would not survive as the evident from the demise of communism in Eastern bloc in the late 1980s.
The Representation of Queen Elizabeth II in “The Crown” Series
Authors:   , Suksuphrot Pongsatorn
Published: April 2023

This paper aims at answering the research question: what is the perception of the British media towards the British Royal Family? The answer is that the British media (the CROWN series) obviously focused on the representation of the protagonist of the series, Queen Elizabeth II, which is their view could be depicted into 4 main characters: the Sovereign, the Head of the Commonwealth, the Head of the Church of England and the Stability of the British Monarchy, and a Wife and Mother. These four depictions of the Queen showed that the perception of the British media towards the Queen was not only the formal dimension which was depicted through the representation as the head of the institutions, but also showed the personal dimension through the representation as a Wife and mother. Most importantly, the result showed the prospect of a future British Monarchy in which the British media showed in the representation of the Queen as the stability of this old institution.
Effect of dietary advice on the components of metabolic syndrome in HIV/AIDs patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors:   , Ketchaleaw Patcharee
Published: April 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a complication found in HIV/AIDs patients. The patients with metabolic syndrome had increased risk of cardiovascular disease. An appropriate dietary advice may help ameliorate this problem. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary advice on components of metabolic syndrome including anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure in the HIV/AIDs with metabolic syndrome who were on highly active antiretroviral therapy. This study was a randomized controlled trial. Sixty participants were randomly assigned into an intervention group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). All patients received the advice with the booklet about healthy diet for Thai people according to Thai nutrition flag, and only the intervention group additionally received the advice with the booklet providing the information about modified NEM diet which was derived from the dietary recommendations of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, European Aids Clinical Society Guidelines and Mediterranean diet and was appropriately modified for Thai HIV/AIDs patients. The participants were followed for 24 weeks. The results showed that the participants in the intervention group had significantly decreased weight at week 12 and week 24 when compared with baseline while BMI and WC were significantly decreased at week 24 when compared with baseline. They had significantly lower TG and FBS levels when compared with baseline (p = 0.008 and p < 0.001, respectively) and had significantly lower TG level than those in the control group at week 24 (p = 0.014). In addition, blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, of the participants in the intervention group was significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.024, respectively). There were no changes in any parameters in the control group throughout the study. At the end of the study, the participants in the intervention group had decreased consumption of total calories, carbohydrate, fat, saturated fat, and sugar but had increased protein and dietary fiber intakes. Moreover, the number of participants with metabolic syndrome decreased after receiving dietary advice. This study indicated that such dietary advice could improve metabolic components in HIV/AIDs patients with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it can be included in guidelines for management of metabolic syndrome in these patients.
LA RHÉTORIQUE DE LA JOUTE VERBALE DANS LES FEMMES SAVANTES DE MOLIÈRE
Authors:   , Tongvijid Passakorn
Published: April 2023

Cette étude vise à étudier les techniques discursives mises en oeuvre par Molière dans les Femmes savantes. Cette pièce présente une joute oratoire où les personnages ont recours aux différents procédés rhétoriques et argumentatifs pour défendre et soutenir leurs points de vue tout en cherchant à discréditer et dévaloriser les arguments adverses. En effet, les protagonistes se scindent en deux camps. Tandis que les uns font, avec ostentation, l’éloge du savoir, les autres plaident pour la cause de l’amour. Ainsi, s’entremêlent les arguments rationnels et les arguments passionnels tout au long de la bataille verbale.
Mineral inclusions in sapphire from basalt - related deposit in Southern Vietnam
Authors:   , Anh Vu
Published: April 2023

Sapphires in Southern Vietnam have been discovered in alluvial deposit derived from Cenozoic basalts. Sample collections for this study were taken from the most significant gem fields including Pleiku, Dak Nong, Di Linh, Binh Thuan, and Krong Nang. Several syngenetic mineral inclusions in these sapphires were classified as alkali feldspar, zircon, ferrocolumbite, pyrochlore, and iron oxides. Mineral chemical characteristics of these inclusions appearred to have evolved from alkaline felsic suite.  

Oxide mineral inclusions occurred in sapphire included hercynite, wüstite, and ilmenite. Ilmenite ranged in composition between Il49-54He34-40Mt7-10 and Il24-30He36-38Mt35-40 falling in ilmenite-hematite series. Wüstite with nonstoichiometry, (Fe2+0.3-0.9)(Ti3+<0.179Al3+≤0.6Cr3+<0.1 Fe3+≤0.46)£≤0.23O, was usually associated with hercynite inclusion clearly indicating cogenetic sapphire formation. Wüstite and sapphire appeared to have formed from the breakdown reaction of hercynite (hercynite = sapphire+wüstite). Titanohematite series and titanomagnetite series might have crystallized during iron-titanium reequilibration via subsolidus exsolution.

U-Pb geochronology of zircon inclusion in these sapphires yielded between 35.5 ± 1.6 Ma (~35 Ma) and 14.73 ± 0.29 Ma (~15 Ma) for Krong Nang sapphire, 5.94 ± 0.13 Ma (~6 Ma) for Binh Thuan and Dak Nong sapphire, and 5.491 ± 0.077 Ma (~5.5 Ma) for Di Linh sapphire. These age constraints relate to the main Cenozoic basaltic eruptions in this region. Crystallization temperature of sapphire formation was estimated at about 561- 7810C using Ti-in-zircon thermometry.
Petrochemistry of intrusive rocks in Tha Takiap district, Chachoengsao province
Authors:   , Watcharamai Thanaz
Published: April 2023

In Thailand, alkaline granitoid rocks are less widespread and crop out in less extend as small stocks or plutons. The study areas are located in 2 vicinities of Tha Takiap and Mae Yan areas which respectively are a part of the eastern and central granite belts. Petrographic study of the rocks from both areas show that alkaline feldspar is the principal mineral phase with small amount of quartz and plagioclase. Compositionally, the investigated rocks fall in the range of alkali feldspar syenite to quartz-alkali feldspar syenite. High concentration of Na2O+K2O and high ratio of FeOtot/(FeOtot+MgO) vs SiO2 indicate that most of the rocks from both areas are syenite and ferroan granite respectively. High ratio of Ga/Al and Y/Nb suggest that the rocks from both areas belong to A2 subtype of A-type granite category. These rocks originated from alkaline magmatism related to extensional tectonic setting. Flat chondrite-normalized REE pattern and positive anomaly of Ta on primitive mantle-normalized spider diagrams are resemble to those of Xiaolonghe granite, southwestern China. These similarities imply that the genesis of Tha Takiap syenitic rocks is related to back-arc extension tectonic setting and the magmatic source is mainly influenced by mantle-derived material. On the other hand, the enrichment of LREE on the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of Mae Yan syenitic rocks and positive anomalies of Th, U, and Pb as well as negative anomalies of Nb and Ta on the primitive mantle-normalized diagrams indicate that the dominant source of partial melting could be derived from continental crust related to subduction tectonic comparable to, post-collisional potassic rock in Xungba basin, southern Tibet.
Synthesis of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) derived from lignin containing wastewater for arsenic removal
Authors:   , Jungcharoen Phoomipat
Published: April 2023

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) plays a significant role in environmental remediation including the removal of arsenic from groundwater and drinking water. This study synthesized modified nZVI particles in order to remove arsenic in drinking water. Reductive precipitation under various conditions was used to produce non-modified nZVI (B-nZVI) and lignin-modified nZVI using either 1 g/L lignin solution (L-nZVI) or pulp and paper wastewater (P-nZVI) as the substrate. Ferrous to borohydride molar ratio of 1:1 was found to be the most appropriate ratio for L-nZVI and P-nZVI production since lignin was incorporated into the nZVI structure the most. According to TEM analysis, the particle sizes of B-nZVI, L-nZVI, and P-nZVI were 52.72±17.58, 4.77±3.51, and 2.04±1.09 nm, respectively. The specific surface areas of P-nZVI (49.36 m²/g) were much greater than those of L-nZVI (13.32 m²/g), presumably because of the co-existence of other polymers such as carbohydrates, tannin, organic acids, sulfur compounds, and resin. For arsenic study, it was found that the B-nZVI, L-nZVI, and P-nZVI at 1 g/L could remove 88.79%, 88.66%, and 90.79%, respectively, of 1 mg/L total arsenic in 5 minutes.
Variation of tuberculosis prevalence across diagnostic approaches and geographical areas of Indonesia
Authors:   , Noviyani Alvera
Published: April 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has contributed a significant disease burden and economic loss worldwide. Given no gold standard for diagnosis, early identification of TB infection has been challenging. This study aimed to comparatively investigate the prevalence of TB across diagnostic approaches (sputum AFB, sputum culture, sputum genetic test, and chest x-ray) and geographical areas in Indonesia. Methods: Participant demographic variables and TB screening test results were obtained from the Tuberculosis Unit, Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health (HRDA-MoH). Variations across geographical areas and diagnostic approaches are expressed as prevalence rate and 95%CI. Results: A total of 67,944 records were reviewed. Based on bacteriological evidence, the prevalence of TB in Indonesia was 759 (95%CI 589.7- 960.8) with variations across areas: 913 (95%CI 696.7-1,176.7; Sumatra), 593 (95%CI 447.2-770.6; Java-Bali), and 842 (95%CI 634.7- 1,091.8; others). Also, the prevalence of TB varied across diagnostic approaches, from 262 (sputum AFB) to 895 (sputum genetic test). Based on sputum AFB, the TB prevalence varied from 216.6 (95%CI 146.5-286.8; Java-Bali) to 307.4 (95%CI 208.3-406.5; Sumatra). Based on sputum culture, the TB prevalence ranged from 487.9 (95%CI 433.6-548.6; Java-Bali) to 2,129.8 (95%CI 1,664-2,735.6; others). Based on chest x-ray, the TB prevalence varied from 152.1 (95%CI 147.9-156.3; Java-Bali) to 864 (95%CI 809-921.4; others). Based on sputum genetic test, the TB prevalence ranged from 838.7 (95%CI 748.4-900.8; Java-Bali) to 941.2 (95%CI 663.6-992.3; others). Conclusions: The variation of TB prevalence across geographical regions could be confounded by the diagnostic approaches.
In Finland, We Make Each Schoolchild a Scientist
Authors: Kivinen Kari
Published: April 2023

Teaching research skills and encouraging inquiry from the earliest ages can build social resilience to misleading information.
Impact of budget announcement on stock returns: An Event Study in Pharmaceutical and Automobile sector
Authors: Shafiq Sadia , Qureshi Saiqa Saddiqa
Published: April 2023

This study explains the budget announcement impact on automobile and pharmaceutical sectors stock returns. We have observed whether there is any significant effect of budget announcement events in stock returns during the window period or not. It is a quantitative study and event-study methodology is adopted. The event window consists of 15 days, including seven pre-event days, one event day and seven post-event days, while the estimation window consists of 230 pre-event window days. As per knowledge of researcher, no study in Pakistan has specifically studied the budget announcement event impact on stock returns of automobile and pharmaceutical sectors by using event study methodology. This study will be beneficial for market participants of pharmaceutical and automobile sectors because of its consideration to dynamics in stock market after the budget event announcement. The findings of current study revealed that Pakistan’s stock market is found to be semi strong efficient. Volatility in returns was observed but no significant impact was found in the automobile sector while in pharmaceutical sector, significant impact was observed for two years. Results indicate that there is very low chance to earn abnormal returns as all the information related to the budget immediately absorbed by market forces.
Facebook as the Tool for E-Recruitment for SMEs amid Covid-19: A Conceptual Model To Extend Benefits Of E-Recruitment Towards Firm’s Sustainability
Authors: Sultan Muhammad Faisal , Tunio Muhammad Nawaz , Asim Muhammad
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 forced almost all forms of firms to opt for digitized business models. This impact wasalso found true for SMEs. In fact, the impact of pandemic was much drastic and therefore use of ebusiness models was opted not only to succeed but also to survive in the times of crises. However, thereis severe knowledge and research gap with respect to the use of e-recruitment during pandemic andfirm’s sustainability. Especially with respect to SMEs the research inventory is not satisfactory to highlightimpact of e-recruitment on firm’s performance or sustainability. However, sustainability was the realissue and area for concern specially for SMEs at the wake of pandemic. Thus, this study has beenconducted purposively to reflect the impact of e-recruitment through social media platform onsustainability of SMEs at the wake of pandemic. The research population includes top management ofSMEs operating in Karachi and data has been collected through loose quota sampling. Analysis of datahas been done through structural equation modeling which indicated that Facebook is perceived as aneffective tool for e-recruitment by SMEs amid COVID-19
Geographic vector of national defense: Land power
Authors: Marjanović Zoran , Mićović Marija
Published: April 2023

In order to see the influence of the country's foreign policy position, it is necessary to mention at least three elements, the historical events that shaped a particular country, region or continent, the geographical position and the political system of the government. Any of these elements is connected extremely much with geographic or spatial, terrestrial power. All this is related to politics, which is related to the international politics of the state, the region, and global politics. In this research, the elements, primarily geographical, that affect the land power of a state, were analyzed. This research consists of five parts. In the introductory part, it was hinted at what the geographical vector of national defence is and what the influence of land power is on foreign policy positioning. The second part considers the concept of geopolitics and the main representatives of geopolitics as well as their theoretical views on the mutual influence of political, geographical and strategic factors. In the third part, through a critical review of the research of several theoreticians, the strategic thought about the conventional forces of land power was seen. The fourth unit clearly depicts the land power of the countries in whose defence systems the same is strongly expressed. The final part of the paper analyzes what the past brought in the segment of land power, what it represents today and what to expect in the coming period related to the manifestation of the influence of land power on society and states.