bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLIENT CENTERED THERAPY UNTUK SUBJEK DEWASA DENGAN GANGGUAN DEPRESI BERAT
Authors: Kusuma Cindani Trika
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT : CLIENT CENTERED THERAPY FOR ADULT CLIENT WITH SEVERE DEPRESSION DISORDERThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of Client centered therapy in adult subject who have depression disorder Subject in this study was a 22 years old woman, undergraduate. Measuring instruments used in this study were depression scale namely BDI. Client centered therapy done in 5 intervention session. The results of the BDI pre-test were 32. After the interventionwas given, the results of the BDI post-test were 13 in the mild category. These results indicate that there was a decrease in subject’s depression after being given the Centered Client Therapy intervention. Keywords: Client centered therapy, depression, adult subject Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas Client centered therapy pada subjek dewasa yang mengalami depresi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang perempuan berusia 22 tahun yang sedang menempuh pendidikan Strata 1. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah alat ukur skala depresi yaitu BDI. Terapi client centered dilakukan dalam 5 sesi intervensi. Hasil tes BDI prates yaitu 32 artinya subjek mengalami gangguan depresi yang berada pada kategori berat. Setelah diberikan intervensi, hasil tes BDI pascates yaitu berada pada skor 13 yang berada pada kategori ringan. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ada penuruan depresi pada subjek setelah diberi intervensi Client centered therapy. Kata kunci : Client centered therapy, depresi, subjek dewasa
PELATIHAN OUTBOUND UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY PADA SISWA SMK
Authors: Ivonesti Syarifah , Fitriany Rany , Maghviroh Laily
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: OUTBOND TRAINING TO INCREASE SELF EFFICACY IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENT This study aims to see the effect of outbound training in increasing self-efficacy of vocational students. Data collection using a self-efficacy scale, interviews and observations. The research design used was The one Group Pretest-postest Design. The analysis used two related sample tests with the Wilcoxon test and qualitative analysis to describe the effect of outbound training to increase self-efficacy in vocational students. The results showed that there was an effect of outbound training on the self-efficacy of vocational students. The influence is positive, which means that when vocational students receive outbound training, the self-efficacy of vocational students will get positive changes related to self-efficacy. Keywords: Outbond Training, Self efficacy, Vocational Students Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pelatihan outbound dalam meningkatkan self efficacy siswa SMK. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala self efficacy, wawancara dan observasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah The one Group Pretest-postest Design. Analisis menggunakan two related sample test dengan uji Wilcoxon dan analisis kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh pelatihan outbound untuk meningkatkan self efficacy pada siswa SMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pelatihan outbound terhadap self efficacy siswa SMK. Adapun bentuk pengaruhnya adalah positif, yang artinya ketika siswa SMK mendapatkan pelatihan outbound maka self efficacy siswa SMK akan mendapatkan perubahan yang positif terkait self efficacynya. Kata kunci: Pelatihan Oubound, Self Efficacy, Siswa SMK
HUBUNGAN KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS DENGAN ASPIRASI KARIR SISWA SMA DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Maharani Citra Abriani , Oktarina Yohana
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT : RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND CAREER ASPIRATION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BANDAR LAMPUNG Psychological well-being is the full achievement of a person's psychological potential which makes an individual able to function properly in carrying out all duties and responsibilities as an individual. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of psychological well-being and career aspirations of high school students in Bandar Lampung. The sample in this study involved 88 high school students in Bandarlampung who were selected using cluster sampling. This research method is quantitative with a correlational research design. Measurement tools used in this study are a scale of psychological well-being and career aspirations. The analysis technique used in this research is the product moment correlation. The results showed that there is a strong relationship between psychological well-being and career aspirations of high school students in Bandarlampung. Keywords: Psychological Well-being, Career Aspirations, High School Student Kesejahteraan Psikologis merupakan pencapaian penuh dari potensi psikologis seseorang yang membuat individu mampu berfungsi dengan baik dalam mengerjakan segala tugas dan tanggung jawab sebagai individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam hubungan antara tingkat kesejahteraan psikologis terhadap aspirasi karir pada siswa SMA di Bandar Lampung. Sampel dalam penelitian ini melibatkan siswa SMA di Bandarlampung sebanyak 88 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan cluster sampling. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional.. Alat pengukuran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket skala kesejahteraan psikologis dan  skala aspirasi karir. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah crelasion product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara  kesejahteraan psikologis terhadap aspirasi karir siswa SMA di Bandarlampung. Kata kunci: Kesejahteraan Psikologis, Aspirasi Karir, Siswa SMA
INTERVENÇÕES DO ENFERMEIRO DE REABILITAÇÃO QUE PREVINEM A OCORRÊNCIA DE QUEDAS NA PESSOA IDOSA: REVISÃO SCOPING
Authors: Fernandes Júlio Belo , Lourenço Sá Maria Céu , Campos Nabais Ana Sofia
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Identificar as intervenções do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) que previnem a ocorrência de quedas na pessoa idosa. Métodos: Dois revisores independentes desenvolveram um protocolo de revisão scoping utilizando a metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute, com recurso às bases de dados CINAHL e MEDLINE, da plataforma EBSCOhost Integrated Search. Resultados: As intervenções que previnem a queda da pessoa idosa são a avaliação multifatorial do risco, a alteração ambiental, a realização de exercícios de manutenção da força muscular, do equilíbrio corporal e da capacidade de realizar marcha, assim como a capacidade para realizar as atividades básicas. Conclusão: Os EEER devem realizar uma avaliação global da pessoa idosa em risco de queda, dando ênfase a instrumentos para sua avaliação. De acordo com os fatores de risco identificados devem ser implementadas intervenções que eliminem ou diminuam a sua influência. Descritores: Acidentes por quedas; Idoso; Prevenção de Acidentes; Reabilitação; Enfermagem; Enfermeiros
Aligning the contents of curriculum of undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh with health related targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
Authors: Bhuiyan SMM Saleh , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Yasmin Farhana , Bhuiyan Farhan Saleh
Published: September 2020

Abstract Introduction: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to assess teachers’ views regarding the alignment of contents of curriculum of undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh with the health related targets of Sustainable Development Goals.

Methods: The study was conducted during the period of July 2018 to June 2019. The study used standardized pre-tested instruments. Convenience sampling technique was employed to include 04 public and 04 private medical colleges, of which 05 were located in Dhaka city and 03 were located outside Dhaka city. Data were collected from 123 faculty members by using self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and from 25 Key informants by using in-depth Interview schedule. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 19.0.

Results: Among 123 medical teachers 84(68.3%) opined inadequacy of contents about neglected tropical diseases, 97(78.9%) about road traffic accidents, 103(83.7%) about narcotic drug abuse, 93(75.6%) about universal health coverage, 108(87.8%) about sexual health care services, 97(78.9%) viewed about tobacco control and 116(94.3%) about early warning about national and global health risks.

Conclusion: To achieve the health related targets of SDG, the curriculum of undergraduate medical education should be reviewed with inclusion of relevant contents which will help students to achieve relevant competencies of SDGs.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.11(2) 2020: 21-26
Maapallon kestokyvyn rajat on saavutettu
Authors: Silvennoinen Heikki
Published: September 2020

Pohjoismaat ovat monessa suhteessa oma erityinen alueensa. Aikuiskasvatustutkijoiden soisi kiinnostuvan alueen ympäristöasioista ja planeetan tilasta. – Kuudes pohjoismainen aikuiskasvatustutkimuksen konferenssi teemalla Adult Education and the Planetary Condition pidettiin 25.–28. maaliskuuta 2015 Tampereen yliopistossa.
Tunnustus elinikäisen oppimisen moninaisissa käytännöissä
Authors: Siivonen Päivi
Published: September 2020

The confessing society : Foucault, confession and practices of lifelong learning / Andreas Fejes and Magnus Dahlstedt. London ; New York, N.Y. : Routledge, 2013.
Miten yrittäjiä kasvatetaan?
Authors: Saurén Kirsi
Published: September 2020

Yrittäjyys on määritelty yhdeksi tulevien sukupolvien avaintaidoista. Yrittäjyyskasvatuksen mittaristo näyttäytyy lähemmin tarkasteltuna välineenä, jonka avulla yrittäjyydestä pyritään luomaan uusi työmarkkinoiden toimintamalli.
Mitä mielessä mielen tutkimuksessa?
Authors: Vehviläinen Sanna
Published: September 2020

Ihmisen mieli / Riitta Hari, Jaakko Järvinen, Johannes Lehtonen, Kirsti Lonka, Anssi Peräkylä, Ilkka Pyysiäinen, Stephan Salenius, Mikko Sams, Petri Ylikoski. [Helsinki] : Gaudeamus, 2015.
Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral de los servidores públicos del Servicio de Rentas Internas
Authors: González-Garcés David , Morales-Urrutia Diana
Published: September 2020

En la actualidad, las empresas y entidades públicas y privadas de distintos sectores económicos se preocupan por diferentes factores. Estos factores evitan que las instituciones sean más eficientes y uno de ellos es el clima organizacional que influye de diversas formas al desempeño laboral y, por ende, a las metas u objetivos que se persiguen. El presente trabajo de investigación presenta información sobre el nivel de correlación existente entre dichas variables en una de las instituciones públicas reconocidas como lo es el Servicio de Rentas Internas. El propósito del trabajo es demostrar la relación del clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral, en función de un instrumento, aplicado a los trabajadores del SRI de la ciudad de Ambato, que mide los valores de cada constructo para así relacionarlos y presentar información adecuada para los lectores. La totalidad de los funcionarios de las agencias del SRI en la ciudad de Ambato, fue considerada como población; y el instrumento manejó respuestas basadas en escala tipo Likert con cinco opciones, tras comprobar la fiabilidad del instrumentó. Los métodos estadísticos utilizados tanto para calcular la relación entre los dos conjuntos de variables, como la asociación entre los constructos de la variable independiente sobre la variable dependiente, fueron las técnicas del coeficiente de correlación de Karl Pearson y el análisis de regresión lineal, respectivamente; que como resultado se encontró que existen dimensiones de clima organizacional que tienen relaciones estadísticamente significativas con variables del desempeño laboral. Llegando así a cumplir los objetivos de la investigación y permitiendo sentar un precedente para futuras investigaciones.
THE EFFECT OF CREDIT RISK AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL ADEQUACY ON BANK PERFORMANCE IN BANKING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX
Authors: Safitri Julia , Kadarningsih Ana , Din Maaz Ud , Rahayu Sri
Published: September 2020

Liquidity is one of the main factors faced by banking companies because its main relationship is channeling funds from third parties with bank performance. This study aims to examine credit risk which is proxied by Raroc (return adjusted on risk capital) as a mediator of the effect of liquidity (loan to deposit ratio) on the bank performance (return on assets). The analytical tool used in this study is SEM-WarpPLS 5.0, this study shows that credit risk can mediate the effect of liquidity on bank performance. This shows that the greater the credit risk, the smaller the bank's performance.Keywords: Financial Intermediation Theory; Liquidity; Bank Performance.
DO CAPITAL STRUCTURE, PROFITABILITY, AND FIRM SIZE AFFECT FIRM VALUE?
Authors: Pratiwi Ririh Dian
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the research is to analyze whether there is an influence between capital structure, profitability, and firm size on firm value. The population used in this study is the LQ 45 company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). A sampling of research using a purposive sampling method of determining the certain criteria with a total samples of 31 LQ 45 companies during 2014-2018. The research uses multiple linear regression to analyze the data. The results show that capital structure and profitability evaluate the value of the company. While the size of the company does not oppose the value of the company. The results of this research are expected to provide benefits for the parties, investors, and further researchers.Keywords: Firm Value; Capital Structure; Profitability Firm Size
Aplikasi Chitosan Modified Carboxymethyl sebagai Coating Agent dalam Perbaikan Mutu Kertas
Authors: Hadiantoro, Sigit , Udjiana S. Sigit , Azkiya Noor Isnaini
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of coating paper with Modified Carboxymethyl Chitosan (Cs-Mcm) to improve the quality of the paper, including paper grammage, tensile strength of paper, torn paper and a strong degree of fineness of the paper. The study was conducted by superimposing the Cs-Mcm as a coating agent on a paper-based pulp rice straw pulp waste paper and pulp mixture (rice straw and waste paper) with various concentration of acetic acid solvent 2%, 3%, 5% and 7%. The analysis showed the concentration of acetic acid solvent effect on the quality of recycled paper. Coating with Cs-Mcm in this study can improve the quality of recycled paper.
Pengaruh Suhu Sintesis Katalis Partikel Ceria Zirconia terhadap Efektivitas Proses Delignifikasi
Authors: Prastuti Okky Putri , Prasetya Fandi Angga , Anggarini Ufafa , Herwoto Rifqi Putera , Rahayu Hesty
Published: September 2020

Biomass is organic material produced through photosynthetic processes. The presence of lignin on the cell wall will inhibit cellulose to be converted into products. Delignification will open the lignocellulose structure to make cellulose more accessible. The delignification process can be done by adding the Ceria-Zirconia catalyst to the biomass sample. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of synthesis temperature on Ceria Zirconia synthesis and to investigate the ability of Ceria Zirconia as a biomass delignification catalyst. Ceria- Zirconia Catalyst can be produced through the batch hydrothermal method. The precursors used were chemical solutions in the form of Ce(NO3)3.6H2O and ZrO(NO3)2.2H2O 0.06 M with a ratio of 1: 1, the synthesis temperature variables used were of 180oC, 200oC dan 220oC. Ceria Zirconia Catalysts will then be analyzed for their abilities through a 10 and 20 minute delignification process. The results showed that the increasing synthesis temperature will increase the ability of Ceria-Zirconia catalyst in the delignification process.
More Time-Space Tradeoffs for Finding a Shortest Unique Substring
Authors: Bannai Hideo , Gagie Travis , Hoppenworth Gary , Puglisi Simon J. , Russo Luís M. S.
Published: September 2020

We extend recent results regarding finding shortest unique substrings (SUSs) to obtain new time-space tradeoffs for this problem and the generalization of finding k-mismatch SUSs. Our new results include the first algorithm for finding a k-mismatch SUS in sublinear space, which we obtain by extending an algorithm by Senanayaka (2019) and combining it with a result on sketching by Gawrychowski and Starikovskaya (2019). We first describe how, given a text T of length n and m words of workspace, with high probability we can find an SUS of length L in O(n(L/m)logL) time using random access to T, or in O(n(L/m)log2(L)loglogσ) time using O((L/m)log2L) sequential passes over T. We then describe how, for constant k, with high probability, we can find a k-mismatch SUS in O(n1+ϵL/m) time using O(nϵL/m) sequential passes over T, again using only m words of workspace. Finally, we also describe a deterministic algorithm that takes O(nτlogσlogn) time to find an SUS using O(n/τ) words of workspace, where τ is a parameter.
Modeling the Slump-Type Landslide Tsunamis Part I: Developing a Three-Dimensional Bingham-Type Landslide Model
Authors: Wu Tso-Ren , Vuong Thi-Hong-Nhi , Lin Chun-Wei , Wang Chun-Yu , Chu Chia-Ren
Published: September 2020

This paper incorperates Bingham and bi-viscosity rheology models with the Navier–Stokes solver to simulate the dynamics and kinematics processes of slumps for tsunami generation. The rheology models are integrated into a computational fluid dynamics code, Splash3D, to solve the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with volume of fluid surface tracking algorithm. The change between un-yield and yield phases of the slide material is controlled by the yield stress and yield strain rate in Bingham and bi-viscosity models, respectively. The integrated model is carefully validated by the theoretical results and laboratory data with good agreements. This validated model is then used to simulate the benchmark problem of the failure of the gypsum tailings dam in East Texas in 1966. The accuracy of predicted flood distances simulated by both models is about 73% of the observation data. To improve the prediction, a fixed large viscosity is introduced to describe the un-yield behavior of tailings material. The yield strain rate is obtained by comparing the simulated inundation boundary to the field data. This modified bi-viscosity model improves not only the accuracy of the spreading distance to about 97% but also the accuracy of the spreading width. The un-yield region in the modified bi-viscosity model is sturdier than that described in the Bingham model. However, once the tailing material yields, the material returns to the Bingham property. This model can be used to simulate landslide tsunamis.
Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve-in-Valve Replacement by Transatrial Approach
Authors: Tinica Grigore , Nedelciuc Igor , Rotaru Iulian , Corciova Flavia Catalina , Grajdianu Dumitru , Tarus Andrei , Enache Mihail , Chistol Raluca Ozana , Cobzeanu Maria Luiza , Furnica Cristina
Published: September 2020

Reoperation on the tricuspid valve after prior heart valve surgery is associated with an increased operative risk due to a poor clinical status with severe heart failure and late presentation. Transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation emerged as an attractive alternative to a high-risk redo surgery. The authors report a case of successful treatment of a failed bioprosthetic tricuspid valve in a 58-year-old woman with severe heart failure, decompensated cardiac cirrhosis and atrial fibrillation using transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation of a Sapien 3 valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California) via a transatrial approach. This case demonstrates the efficiency of this novel approach for the treatment of dysfunctional surgical tricuspid bioprosthetic valves and the technical feasibility and safety of a rarely used route.
Advanced Global Model Ensemble Forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Formation, and Intensity Predictions along Medium-Range Tracks
Authors: Elsberry Russell L. , Tsai Hsiao-Chung , Chin Wei-Chia , Marchok Timothy P.
Published: September 2020

Marchok vortex tracker outputs from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ensemble (ECEPS) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction ensemble (GEFS) are utilized to provide the Time-to-Formation (T2F of 25 kt or 35 kt) timing and positions along the weighted-mean vector motion (WMVM) track forecasts, and our weighted analog intensity Pacific (WAIP) technique provides 7-day intensity forecasts after the T2F. Example T2F(35) forecasts up to 5 days in advance of two typhoons and one non-developer in the western North Pacific are described in detail. An example T2F forecast of pre-Hurricane Kiko in the eastern North Pacific indicated that Hawaii would be under threat by the end of the 15-day ECEPS WMVM track forecast. An example T2F forecast of pre-Hurricane Lorenzo in the eastern Atlantic demonstrates that both the ECEPS and GEFS predict up to 5 days in advance that the precursor African wave will become a Tropical Storm off the west coast and will likely become a hurricane. Validations of the T2F(25) and T2F(35) timing and position errors are provided for all ECEPS and GEFS forecasts of the two typhoons and Hurricanes Kiko and Lorenzo. If the T2F timing errors are small (<1 day), the T2F position errors along the WMVM track forecasts will be small (<300 km). Although the primary focus is on the western North Pacific, the examples from the Atlantic and eastern/central North Pacific indicate the potential for future application in other basins.
Complete Remission of Mouse Melanoma after Temporally Fractionated Microbeam Radiotherapy
Authors: Fernandez-Palomo Cristian , Trappetti Verdiana , Potez Marine , Pellicioli Paolo , Krisch Michael , Laissue Jean , Djonov Valentin
Published: September 2020

Background: Synchrotron Microbeam Radiotherapy (MRT) significantly improves local tumour control with minimal normal tissue toxicity. MRT delivers orthovoltage X-rays at an ultra-high “FLASH” dose rate in spatially fractionated beams, typically only few tens of micrometres wide. One of the biggest challenges in translating MRT to the clinic is its use of high peak doses, of around 300–600 Gy, which can currently only be delivered by synchrotron facilities. Therefore, in an effort to improve the translation of MRT to the clinic, this work studied whether the temporal fractionation of traditional MRT into several sessions with lower, more clinically feasible, peak doses could still maintain local tumour control. Methods: Two groups of twelve C57Bl/6J female mice harbouring B16-F10 melanomas in their ears were treated with microbeams of 50 µm in width spaced by 200 µm from their centres. The treatment modality was either (i) a single MRT session of 401.23 Gy peak dose (7.40 Gy valley dose, i.e., dose between beams), or (ii) three MRT sessions of 133.41 Gy peak dose (2.46 Gy valley dose) delivered over 3 days in different anatomical planes, which intersected at 45 degrees. The mean dose rate was 12,750 Gy/s, with exposure times between 34.2 and 11.4 ms, respectively. Results: Temporally fractionated MRT ablated 50% of B16-F10 mouse melanomas, preventing organ metastases and local tumour recurrence for 18 months. In the rest of the animals, the median survival increased by 2.5-fold in comparison to the single MRT session and by 4.1-fold with respect to untreated mice. Conclusions: Temporally fractionating MRT with lower peak doses not only maintained tumour control, but also increased the efficacy of this technique. These results demonstrate that the solution to making MRT more clinically feasible is to irradiate with several fractions of intersecting arrays with lower peak doses. This provides alternatives to synchrotron sources where future microbeam radiotherapy could be delivered with less intense radiation sources.
NK-Cell-Mediated Targeting of Various Solid Tumors Using a B7-H3 Tri-Specific Killer Engager In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Vallera Daniel A. , Ferrone Soldano , Kodal Behiye , Hinderlie Peter , Bendzick Laura , Ettestad Brianna , Hallstrom Caroline , Zorko Nicholas A. , Rao Arpit , Fujioka Naomi , Ryan Charles J. , Geller Melissa A. , Miller Jeffrey S. , Felices Martin
Published: September 2020

We improved the bispecific antibody platform that primarily engages natural killer (NK) cells to kill cancer cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by adding IL-15 as a crosslinker that expands and self-sustains the effector NK cell population. The overall goal was to target B7-H3, an established marker predominantly expressed on cancer cells and minimally expressed on normal cells, and prove that it could target cancer cells in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. The tri-specific killer engager (TriKETM) was assembled by DNA shuffling and ligation using DNA encoding a camelid anti-CD16 antibody fragment, a wild-type IL-15 moiety, and an anti-B7-H3 scFv (clone 376.96). The expressed and purified cam1615B7H3 protein was tested for in vitro NK cell activity against a variety of tumors and in vivo against a tagged human MA-148 ovarian cancer cell line grafted in NSG mice. cam1615B7H3 showed specific NK cell expansion, high killing activity across a range of B7-H3+ carcinomas, and the ability to mediate growth inhibition of aggressive ovarian cancer in vivo. cam1615B7H3 TriKE improves NK cell function, expansion, targeted cytotoxicity against various types of B7-H3-positive human cancer cell lines, and delivers an anti-cancer effect in vivo in a solid tumor setting.
Zoledronic Acid Abrogates Restraint Stress-Induced Macrophage Infiltration, PDGF-AA Expression, and Ovarian Cancer Growth
Authors: Colon-Echevarria Claudia B. , Ortiz Tatiana , Maldonado Lizette , Hidalgo-Vargas Melanie J. , Pérez-Morales Jaileene , Aquino-Acevedo Alexandra N. , Herrera-Noriega Roberto , Bonilla-Claudio Margarita , Castro Eida M. , Armaiz-Pena Guillermo N.
Published: September 2020

Multiple studies suggest that chronic stress accelerates the growth of existing tumors by activating the sympathetic nervous system. Data suggest that sustained adrenergic signaling can induce tumor growth, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage infiltration. Our goal was to study the role of adrenergic-stimulated macrophages in ovarian cancer biology. Cytokine arrays were used to assess the effect of adrenergic stimulation in pro-tumoral cytokine networks. An orthotopic model of ovarian cancer was used to assess the in vivo effect of daily restraint stress on tumor growth and adrenergic-induced macrophages. Cytokine analyses showed that adrenergic stimulation modulated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in a SKOV3ip1 ovarian cancer cell/U937 macrophage co-culture system. Among these, platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78), Angiogenin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), Lipocalin-2, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and transferrin receptor (TfR) were upregulated. Enriched biological processes included cytokine-mediated signaling pathways and positive regulation of cell proliferation. In addition, daily restraint stress increased ovarian cancer growth, infiltration of CD68+ macrophages, and expression of PDGF-AA in orthotopic models of ovarian cancer (SKOV3ip1 and HeyT30), while zoledronic acid, a macrophage-depleting agent, abrogated this effect. Furthermore, in ovarian cancer patients, high PDGFA expression correlated with worse outcomes. Here, it is shown that the adrenergic regulation of macrophages and PDGFA might play a role in ovarian cancer progression.
Catalytic Degradation of Chitosan by Supported Heteropoly Acids in Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Zhang Hang , Ma Zhipeng , Min Yunpeng , Wang Huiru , Zhang Ru , Zhang Xuecheng , Song Yimin
Published: September 2020

Several kinds of composite materials with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as the catalyst were prepared with activated carbon as support, and their structures were characterized. According to the Box–Behnken central combination principle, the mathematical model of the heterogeneous system is established. Based on the single-factor experiments, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the amount of hydrogen peroxide and the loading capacity of PTA were selected as the influencing factors to study the catalyzed oxidation of hydrogen peroxide and degradation of high molecular weight chitosan. The results of IR showed that the catalyst had a Keggin structure. The results of the mercury intrusion test showed that the pore structure of the supported PTA catalyst did not change significantly, and with the increase of PTA loading, the porosity and pore volume decreased regularly, which indicated that PTA molecules had been absorbed and filled into the pore of activated carbon. The results of Response Surface Design (RSD) showed that the optimum reaction conditions of supported PTA catalysts for oxidative degradation of high molecular weight chitosan by hydrogen peroxide were as follows: reaction temperature was 70 ℃, reaction time was 3.0 h, the ratio of hydrogen peroxide to chitosan was 2.4 and the catalyst loading was 30%. Under these conditions, the yield and molecular weight of water-soluble chitosan were 62.8% and 1290 Da, respectively. The supported PTA catalyst maintained high catalytic activity after three reuses, which indicated that the supported PTA catalyst had excellent catalytic activity and stable performance compared with the PTA catalyst.
Towards Healthy Planet Diets—A Transdisciplinary Approach to Food Sustainability Challenges
Authors: Dekker Stefan C. , Kraneveld Aletta D. , van Dijk Jerry , Kalfagianni Agni , Knulst Andre C. , Lelieveldt Herman , Moors Ellen H. M. , Müller Eggo , Pieters Raymond H. H. , Pieterse Corné M. J. , Rosenkranz Stephanie , Voesenek Laurentius A. C. J. , van Westen August C. M.
Published: September 2020

The future of food is one of the major world-wide challenges. In this perspective paper, we set-up a framework for a multi-disciplinary future food systems approach, building on the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We hereby combine a truly sustainable approach including social science aspects combined with the One Health approach. Scientists from a large number of backgrounds have addressed four key areas that are discussed in more detail in this paper: (i) nature inspired food production, (ii) sustainable immune resilience, (iii) social and cultural change of food behavior, and (iv) food fairness. We believe that transformations to integrated future food system approaches should move beyond single solutions and can only be solved by working in transdisciplinary settings of science, society, and industry.
Optimism Bias during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from Romania and Italy
Authors: Druică Elena , Musso Fabio , Ianole-Călin Rodica
Published: September 2020

Given the importance of perceived susceptibility to a disease in adopting preventive behaviors, and the negative impact of optimism bias on prevention, this paper aimed to explore to what extent comparative optimism bias (understood as the tendency to assess a lower probability for oneself to experience negative health events compared to others) is present in the specific context of the Covid-19 pandemic, in two countries with different profiles in terms of the spread of the disease: Italy and Romania. After identifying optimism bias in both countries, we tested whether it depends on respondents’ characteristics like gender, age, education, health status and whether or not they have the opportunity to work from home. We surveyed 1126 Romanians and 742 Italians, and found that optimism bias depends on self-reported health status, and that optimism bias increases with age. Inconclusive evidences were found regarding gender and education level, as well as the option to work from home.
Brain Activity during Different Throwing Games: EEG Exploratory Study
Authors: García-Monge Alfonso , Rodríguez-Navarro Henar , González-Calvo Gustavo , Bores-García Daniel
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in brain activity in various types of throwing games by making encephalographic records. Three conditions of throwing games were compared looking for significant differences (simple throwing, throwing to a goal, and simultaneous throwing with another player). After signal processing, power spectral densities were compared through variance analysis (p ≤ 0.001). Significant differences were found especially in high-beta oscillations (22–30 Hz). “Goal” and “Simultaneous” throwing conditions show significantly higher values than those shown for throws without opponent. This can be explained by the higher demand for motor control and the higher arousal in competition situations. On the other hand, the high-beta records of the “Goal” condition are significantly higher than those of the “Simultaneous” throwing, which could be understood from the association of the beta waves with decision-making processes. These results support the difference in brain activity during similar games. This has several implications: opening up a path to study the effects of each specific game on brain activity and calling into question the transfer of research findings on animal play to all types of human play.
Association of Body Shape Index (ABSI) with Hand Grip Strength
Authors: Krakauer Nir Y. , Krakauer Jesse C.
Published: September 2020

Hand grip is a leading measure of muscle strength and general health, yet its association with body shape is not well characterized. Here, we examine correlations between grip strength, a body shape index (ABSI), and body mass index (BMI) in the 2011–2014 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohorts. Grip strength was found to correlate negatively with ABSI (though positively with BMI), suggesting that those with a more central body profile tend to be weaker than others with the same weight. Individuals with low grip strength, as well as those with high ABSI, were more likely to die during follow up, whereas there was no association of BMI with mortality hazard. Transforming the grip strength, ABSI, and BMI by taking their logarithm prior to standardization did not meaningfully change the associations seen. These findings suggest that combining anthropometrics (ABSI, BMI) with grip strength may better identify individual mortality hazard in research studies and clinical practice.
Effect of Electronic Activity Monitors and Pedometers on Health: Results from the TAME Health Pilot Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Lewis Zakkoyya H. , Ottenbacher Kenneth J. , Fisher Steve R. , Jennings Kristofer , Brown Arleen F. , Swartz Maria C. , Martinez Eloisa , Lyons Elizabeth J.
Published: September 2020

Background: Brief counseling and self-monitoring with a pedometer are common practice within primary care for physical activity promotion. It is unknown how high-tech electronic activity monitors compare to pedometers within this setting. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes, through effect size estimation, of an electronic activity monitor-based intervention to increase physical activity and decrease cardiovascular disease risk. Method: The pilot randomized controlled trial was pre-registered online at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02554435). Forty overweight, sedentary participants 55–74 years of age were randomized to wear a pedometer or an electronic activity monitor for 12 weeks. Physical activity was measured objectively for 7 days at baseline and follow-up by a SenseWear monitor and cardiovascular disease risk was estimated by the Framingham risk calculator. Results: Effect sizes for behavioral and health outcomes ranged from small to medium. While these effect sizes were favorable to the intervention group for physical activity (PA) (d = 0.78) and general health (d = 0.39), they were not favorable for measures. Conclusion: The results of this pilot trial show promise for this low-intensity intervention strategy, but large-scale trials are needed to test its efficacy.
Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Salem Haya , Daher-Nashif Suhad
Published: September 2020

Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is associated with social and psychological implications deriving from women’s socio-cultural contexts. Examining 74 articles published between 2007 and 2019, this literature/narrative review explores the psychosocial aspects of female breast cancer in the MENA region. It highlights socio-cultural barriers to seeking help and socio-political factors influencing women’s experience with the disease. In 17 of 22 Arab countries, common findings emerge which derive from shared cultural values. Findings indicate that women lack knowledge of breast cancer screening (BCS) and breast cancer self-examination (BSE) benefits/techniques due to a lack of physicians’ recommendations, fear, embarrassment, cultural beliefs, and a lack of formal and informal support systems. Women in rural areas or with low socioeconomic status further lack access to health services. Women with breast cancer, report low self-esteem due to gender dynamics and a tendency towards fatalism. Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones.
Poor Sleep Quality Decreases Concurrent Training Benefits in Markers of Metabolic Syndrome and Quality of Life of Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Delgado-Floody Pedro , Latorre-Román Pedro Ángel , Jerez-Mayorga Daniel , Caamaño-Navarrete Felipe , Cano-Montoya Johnattan , Laredo-Aguilera José Alberto , Carmona-Torres Juan Manuel , Cobo-Cuenca Ana Isabel , Pozuelo-Carrascosa Diana P. , Álvarez Cristian
Published: September 2020

Background: Sleep quality (SQ) plays a role in multiple activities of daily living, but little is known about its role in concurrent training [CT, high-intensity interval (HIIT) plus resistance training (RT)] adaptations for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) markers. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 20-week CT programme on MetS and HRQoL markers according to the SQ of morbidly obese patients. Methods: Twenty-nine morbidly obese patients were allocated to one of two groups: good sleep quality (GSQ, n = 15, 38.07 ± 12.26 years) and poor sleep quality (PSQ, n = 14, 40.79 ± 11.62 years). HRQoL, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), and plasma outcomes were measured. Results: The GSQ group reported significant changes (pre- vs. post-intervention) in WC (114.0 ± 3.1 vs. 110.4 ± 3.4 cm, p = 0.012), SBP (137.0 ± 4.3 vs. 125.6 ± 1.8 mmHg, p = 0.006), and HRQoL general health (51.33 ± 21.08 vs. 64.33 ± 16.24, p = 0.020). By contrast, the PSQ group showed significant changes only in SQ (9.00 ± 2.42 vs. 5.36 ± 2.84, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Morbidly obese PSQ patients showed a lower response for improving MetS and HRQoL markers after a 20-week CT programme than GSQ peers. However, there was a greater effect size for decreasing WC and SBP in favour of the GSQ compared with the PSQ group, suggesting that there are limitations to CT benefits on these outcomes in the PSQ group. These results call for more complex future studies.
Clustering of Poor Dietary Habits among Adolescents Aged 12 to 15 Years in 52 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Fan Hui , Zhang Xingyu
Published: September 2020

Very few studies have reported the co-occurrence of poor dietary habits. We thus aimed to estimate the co-occurrence of poor dietary habits in adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Data were obtained from the Global School-Based Student Health Surveys (GSHS) from 2009 to 2017. The suboptimal dietary factors included fast food consumption, carbonated soft drink consumption, and low fruit and vegetable intake, which were assessed with a questionnaire survey. We calculated the corresponding country-specific prevalence with the number of suboptimal dietary factors. We also calculated pooled estimates across countries using a meta-analysis with random-effects. Our study included 145,021 adolescents between 12 and 15 years of age from 52 LMICs. The prevalence of fast food consumption, carbonated soft drink consumption, and low fruit and vegetable intake ranged from 20.9% in Pakistan to 80.0% in Thailand, from 22.4% in Kiribati to 79.3% in Suriname, and from 45.9% in Vanuatu to 90.7% in Nepal, respectively. The prevalence of exposure to two or three suboptimal dietary factors varied greatly across countries, ranging from 31.8% in Pakistan to 53.8% in Nepal and from 8.6% in Vietnam to 36.4% in Suriname, respectively. The pooled prevalence of exposure to two or three suboptimal dietary factors was 41.8% and 20.0%, respectively. Our findings indicate that poor dietary habits are frequent and tend to co-occur in adolescents in LMICs. Country-specific policies and programs are needed to address these conditions.
Smokers’ and Young Adult Non-Smokers’ Perceptions and Perceived Impact of Snus and E-Cigarette Modified Risk Messages
Authors: Wackowski Olivia A. , Rashid Mariam , Greene Kathryn L. , Lewis M. Jane , O’Connor Richard J.
Published: September 2020

Although no tobacco products are safe, tobacco companies in the United States may request regulatory authorization to make certain “modified risk tobacco product” (MRTP) claims in their marketing. However, few qualitative studies have explored consumer perceptions and understanding of comparative risk messages and wordings. We examined consumer perceptions of statements indicating reduced risks and exposure to chemicals from snus and e-cigarettes relative to smoking. We conducted 12 focus groups with adult smokers (ages 21–66) and young adult (YA) non-smokers (ages 18–25) (n = 57) in the USA in 2019. Participants shared reactions to modified risk and exposure messages and message variations. Participants largely understood claims, including language about “switching completely.” However, participants expressed desire for more message specificity, evidence, risk reduction reasons, and statistics/quantitative information. Claim believability and acceptance was also limited by existing negative product beliefs and experiences, negative media reports, and skepticism about message source. YAs did not express product interest based on message exposure. Some YAs suggested the included “smoker” language made the messages less interesting/relevant. Given existing proposals for and use of MRTP messages, additional research on their wording, framing, delivery, and effects may help inform regulatory or organizational decisions about such messages, optimize potential benefits, and mitigate unintended consequences.
An Artificial Neural Network Model for Assessing Frailty-Associated Factors in the Thai Population
Authors: Chumha Nawapong , Funsueb Sujitra , Kittiwachana Sila , Rattanapattanakul Pimonpan , Lerttrakarnnon Peerasak
Published: September 2020

Frailty, one of the major public health problems in the elderly, can result from multiple etiologic factors including biological and physical changes in the body which contribute to the reduction in the function of multiple bodily systems. A diagnosis of frailty can be reached using a variety of frailty assessment tools. In this study, general characteristics and health data were assessed using modified versions of Fried’s Frailty Phenotype (mFFP) and the Frail Non-Disabled (FiND) questionnaire (mFiND) to construct a Self-Organizing Map (SOM). Trained data, composed of the component planes of each variable, were visualized using 2-dimentional hexagonal grid maps. The relationship between the variables and the final SOM was then investigated. The SOM model using the modified FiND questionnaire showed a correct classification rate (%CC) of about 66% rather than the model responded to mFFP models. The SOM Discrimination Index (SOMDI) identified cataracts/glaucoma, age, sex, stroke, polypharmacy, gout, and sufficiency of income, in that order, as the top frailty-associated factors. The SOM model, based on the mFiND questionnaire frailty assessment, is an appropriate tool for assessment of frailty in the Thai elderly. Cataracts/glaucoma, stroke, polypharmacy, and gout are all modifiable early prediction factors of frailty in the Thai elderly.
Feasibility-Usability Study of a Tablet App Adapted Specifically for Persons with Cognitive Impairment—SMART4MD (Support Monitoring and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia)
Authors: Quintana Maria , Anderberg Peter , Sanmartin Berglund Johan , Frögren Joakim , Cano Neus , Cellek Selim , Zhang Jufen , Garolera Maite
Published: September 2020

Population ageing within Europe has major social and economic consequences. One of the most devastating conditions that predominantly affects older people is dementia. The SMART4MD (Support Monitoring and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia) project aims to develop and test a health application specifically designed for people with mild dementia. The aim of this feasibility study was to evaluate the design of the SMART4MD protocol, including recruitment, screening, baseline examination and data management, and to test the SMART4MD application for functionality and usability before utilization in a full-scale study. The feasibility study tested the protocol and the app in Spain and Sweden. A total of nineteen persons with cognitive impairment, and their informal caregivers, individually performed a task-based usability test of the SMART4MD app model in a clinical environment, followed by four-week testing of the app in the home environment. By employing a user-centered design approach, the SMART4MD application proved to be an adequate and feasible interface for an eHealth intervention. In the final usability test, a score of 81% satisfied users was obtained. The possibility to test the application in all the procedures included in the study generated important information on how to present the technology to the users and how to improve these procedures.
Effective Doses of Ionizing Radiation during Therapeutic Peat Mud Treatment from a Deposit in the Knyszyn Forest (Northeastern Poland)
Authors: Kapala Jacek , Karpinska Maria , Mnich Stanislaw
Published: September 2020

Radioactivity measurements of 61 therapeutic peat mud samples from the Podsokoldy deposits, near Suprasl, were performed using gamma spectrometry. The authors identified the presence of 13 isotopes with the arithmetic mean of activity (in Bq kg−1): 137Cs-7, 40K-24, 208Tl-1, 212Bi-3, 212Pb-2, 228Ac-2, 210Pb-33, 214Bi-11, 214Pb-11, 226Ra-53, 234Th–47. The effective dose obtained during treatment with 15 peat mud baths (lasting 30 min) was 0.078 μSv. Use of peat mud compresses in the same number and period of exposure to the entire body surface caused absorption of a dose of 0.153 μSv. The authors discuss the probability of tissue radiation from isotopes present in the peat mud. In light of radiobiological knowledge, the therapeutic effect of ionizing radiation during peat mud therapy appears to be very unlikely.