bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Pricing in Edge computing Resource Allocation Based on Stackelberg Dynamic Game
Authors: Liu Bingjie , Wang Haoyu , Miao Li , Ding Li , Li Feitao , Dong Ping
Published: November 2023

The dynamic changes of mobile terminals have led to the more complex environment for edge computing resource allocation. Edge nodes are generally mobile wireless devices or network devices with limited processing capacity, and have relatively limited computing resources. The importance of computing tasks for terminal devices changes dynamically , and the corresponding computing efficiency also changes. Therefore , the dynamic resource allocation is particularly important in the edge computing environments. In order to maximize the efficiency of using edge computing resources, increase the profit of edge node, and reduce the cost of edge terminal devices, exploring an efficient dynamic resource pricing and allocation mechanism for edge computing is an urgent problem that we need to solve. In this paper, 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Dynamic Pricing in Edge computing Resource Allocation Based on Stackelberg Dynam we describe the dynamic pricing and resource allocation problem between edge node and terminal devices as a Stackelberg dynamic game model, and solve the Nash equilibrium solution of the model through Bellman dynamic programming theory. During the resource allocation process, to get the optimal computing resource price of edge node and the optimal computing resource usage of terminal devices.
Persistent idiopathic macular hole after vitreous surgery: A case report
Authors: Zhu Wei , Tian Xue-dong
Published: November 2023

Background
Persistent idiopathic macular holes (IMH) after initial vitrectomy are challenging. Analyzing reasons for non-closure can inform surgical planning. Residual triamcinolone acetonide (TA) may affect closure but current evidence is limited.
Case Presentation
A 65-year-old female presented with decreased vision and an IMH in her left eye. Initial vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, 15% C3F8 gas tamponade and face-down positioning were performed. The macular hole remained open 1.5 months later. A second surgery with 15% C3F8 gas tamponade was done. The hole closed after 20 days. The minimum diameter (457μm) and macular hole closure index (0.597) suggested poor healing potential preoperatively. No residual ILM was seen during the second surgery. Review of surgical video showed residual TA in the hole after initial surgery.
Conclusions
The IMH's dimensions indicated a low chance of closure. No residual ILM was found reoperatively. Postoperative positioning adherence was likely adequate. Residual TA may potentially impair closure but definitive conclusions are difficult given limited evidence currently. Further research could elucidate the impact of residual TA. Analyzing multiple factors contributing to persistent IMH can optimize surgical planning. Individualized assessment and treatment are crucial for IMH management.
Natural history of Secundum ASD in preterm and term neonates: A comparative study
Authors: Heidari Negar , Kumaran Kumar , Pagano Joseph J , Hornberger Lisa K
Published: November 2023

Background: Atrial septal defects(ASDs) are common in neonates. Although past studies suggest ASDs >3mm in term neonates(TN) are less likely to close, there is paucity of data regarding the natural history in preterm neonates(PN), information that would inform surveillance. We sought to compare spontaneous closure rates and need for intervention for ASDs in TN/near term (>36 weeks) versus PN (<36 weeks).
Methods: We included all TN and PN who underwent echocardiography at <1 month between 2010-2018 in our institution with an ASD >3mm, without major congenital heart disease, and with repeat echocardiogram(s). Spontaneous resolution was defined as size diminution to £3mm or closure.
Results: We included 156 TN (mean gestational age at birth 38.6±1.4 weeks) and 156 PN (29.6±3.7 weeks) with a mean age at follow-up of 16±19 and 15±21 months, respectively (p=0.76). Based on largest color Doppler diameter, in TNs, ASD resolution occurred in 95% of small (3-5mm), 87% of moderate (5.1-8mm), and 60% of large (>8mm) defects; whereas, in PNs, resolution occurred in 79% of small, 76% of moderate, and 33% of large ASDs. There was a significant association between size and ASD resolution in TNs (p=0.003), but not PNs (p=0.17). Overall, ASD resolution rate was higher in TNs (89%) versus PNs (78%) (p=0.009), and fewer TNs (1%) compared to PNs (7%) required ASD intervention (p=0.02).
Conclusion: Most ASDs identified in TN and PN spontaneously resolve. PN, however, demonstrate lower ASD resolution and higher intervention rates within all size groups. These data should inform follow-up of affected neonates.
Causal role of immune cells in lung cancer: Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Qian
Published: November 2023

In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between immune cell responses and lung cancer (LC), which is responsible for a significant number of cancer-related deaths globally and poses a serious threat to human well-being. Numerous studies have suggested a potential connection between immune cell activity and LC; nevertheless, the exact causal role of immune cells in LCremains uncertain. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a thorough two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to establish a causal link between immune cell signatures and LC.By analyzing genetic data that is accessible to the public, we investigated potential cause-and-effect relationships between 731 immune cell signatures and the risk of LC. We considered four different types of immune signatures, including median fluorescence intensities (MFI), relative cell (RC), absolute cell (AC), and morphological parameters (MP). To ensure the reliability and validity of our findings, we conducted thorough sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness, variability, and potential confounding effects of the results.The analysis of Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) revealed a significant causal impact of 31 immune cells on LC. Conversely, the results of Reverse MR indicated a significant causal association between LC and 3 immune cells. By employing genetic methods, our study has effectively illustrated the strong connection between immune cells and LC, offering valuable insights for future clinical investigations.
What Makes Nursing Students Satisfied with Their Academic Advising and Counseling Services: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Selim Abeer , Awad Shaimaa , Bin-Ali Wafaa , Mohamed Heba , Ahmed Azza , Ali Amira Mohammed , Omar Abeer
Published: November 2023

Background: Nursing education is demanding, necessitating supportive services such as academic advising to help students achieve their academic goals.
Purpose: Although academic advising services are well established, research evaluating those services is minimal. Thus, this study aims to determine the predictors of academic advising satisfaction among nursing students.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used an online survey for undergraduate nursing students from Egypt and Saudi Arabia.
Results: A total sample of 1,134 students completed the survey. Students with higher grade point average (GPA) (OR: 1.41, 95% CI, 1.07-1.87) and frequent meetings with the advisor (OR: 2.91, 95% CI, 2.10-4.04) were more likely to be satisfied with academic advising. However, fourth-year students (OR: 0.48, 95% CI, 0.30-0.75) and those who self-reported any mental disorders (OR: 0.54, 95% CI, 0.38-0.76) were less likely to be satisfied with their academic advising.
Conclusion: Future research should explore these students' options for improving academic advising services.
Fater RCNN with Chambolle-Pock algorithm and Region Proposal Networks based Detection of weeds in the paddy field using U-Net Model segmentations.
Authors: Vaidhehi M , Malathy C , Sudhakaran Pradeep , AboRas Kareem M. , ELrashidi Ali
Published: November 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Sentimental Analysis Of Social Networks :A Comprehensive review(2018-2023)
Authors: DAHIYA RIMPY , Dhankhar Amita , DHANKHAR AKSHIKA
Published: November 2023

Sentiment analysis, a burgeoning field dedicated to deciphering emotions, opinions, and attitudes within text data, has witnessed remarkable growth in research interest. This review paper embarks on a comprehensive journey through the dynamic landscape of sentiment analysis, encapsulating its multifaceted dimensions across three prominent academic databases: Scopus, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, and Wiley Online Library, spanning 2018 to 2023. In Section 1, the "Introduction," we establish the significance of sentiment analysis, charting its evolution from 2008 and elucidating its multifarious applications across domains. We underscore the necessity of drawing insights from diverse databases, transcending the confines of a single source. Section 2, "On the causality of temporal sentiment analysis," delves into the intricate interplay between sentiment signals and other variables, echoing the Granger causality theory from econometrics. We unveil the burgeoning adoption of Granger causality in examining stock market dynamics and sentiment analysis, shedding light on the predictive causality landscape. The temporal dimension takes center stage in Section 3, "On the temporal dynamics of sentiment analysis," where we explore how sentiments fluctuate over time, particularly during transformative events like the COVID-19 pandemic. We scrutinize the evolution of emotional appeals in political campaigns and the pivotal role of sentiment analysis in detecting online bullying and suicidal ideation. Section 4, "Research Methodology," outlines our systematic approach. Subsection 4.1, "Sentiment Analysis Research Across Different Journals," underscores our selection of Scopus, IEEE, and Wiley for a nuanced exploration. Subsection 4.2, "Sentiment Analysis Using Different Techniques," unveils the varied techniques underpinning sentiment analysis, from enduring lexicons to revolutionary BERT models. In Section 5, "On the reproducibility and practical application," we deliberate on the challenges and prospects of implementing sentiment analysis techniques in real-world scenarios. We navigate the intricate landscape of reproducibility and translate research insights into actionable strategies. Section 6, "Discussion and conclusion," encapsulates the essence of our journey. We highlight content variations across databases and unravel the evolution of techniques. We contemplate the bridge between academia and industry, presenting an integrated view of sentiment analysis. As the sentiment analysis field evolves, this review paper offers a panoramic view of its past, present, and future. It is a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to navigate the ever-expanding horizons of sentiment analysis across diverse databases and domains.
Introducing EC'EC and EEC Mechanisms: Electrochemical Mechanistic Study of Chlorpromazine and Electrocatalytic Oxidation of L-cysteine in the Presence of Chlorpromazine by Digital Simulation Program
Authors: Salimi abdollah , Amini Nader , Naderi kazhal , Maleki Afshin , Rezaee Reza
Published: November 2023

For the first time, a new electrocatalytic mechanism of the electrochemical behavior of chlorpromazine has been evaluated. At a boron doped diamond (BDD) working electrode, the electrochemical behavior of aqueous chlorpromazine (CPZ) and chlorpromazine/l-cysteine at 0.3–1.3V were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The results showed that the electrochemical oxidation of chlorpromazine has a mechanism of EEC. As well as, the electrocatalytically properties of CPZ were investigated in the presence of l-cysteine amino acid. The results indicate a complicated catalytic system. Based on the results, this system is involved in the EC'EC mechanism. For both the obtained mechanisms, the effect of increasing concentration and the effect of the rate of potential scanning were studied. the impact of empirical parameters on the shape of the voltammograms is examined based on an EEC and EC'EC mechanisms. The kinetic parameters were calculated by fitting the Digital Simulation3 program to those generated by experimental cyclic voltammograms for EEC and EC'EC mechanisms.
Virtual und Augmented Reality im Geschichtsunterricht mit Schüler*innen mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf
Authors: Rein Franziska
Published: November 2023

Inklusion und Digitalisierung gelten als große gesellschaftliche Transformationsprozesse, deren Relevanz auf der Hand liegt – so auch für historisches Lernen und Lehren. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte beide Themenkomplexe aus einer geschichtsdidaktischen Perspektive aufei­nander beziehen und erschließt daher Chancen sowie Herausforderungen von virtuellen Technologien für den Geschichtsunterricht aus einer sonderpädagogischen Perspektive. Gezielt werden dafür Virtual und Augmented Reality auf Lernmöglichkeiten und -begrenzungen für Schüler*innen mit Anspruch auf sonderpädagogische Förderung untersucht. Dafür wird zunächst dargestellt, was unter Virtual und Augmented Reality zu verstehen ist, um diese Technologien anschließend für Lern- und Lehrprozesse zu erörtern. Weiter wird ergründet, was Virtual und Augmented Reality spezifisch für historische Lern- und Lehrprozesse bedeutet, um schlussendlich zu überlegen, welche Ressourcen und Barrieren sich aus einer sonderpäda­gogischen Perspektive für den Geschichtsunterricht vermuten lassen. Der vorliegende Beitrag fokussiert sich nicht auf einen einzigen sonderpädagogischen Förderschwerpunkt, sondern untersucht die Technologien überblicksartig anhand verschiedener Förderbedarfe.
 
Abstract
Inclusion and digitalisation are considered major social transformation processes whose relevance is obvious – and this also applies to historical learning and teaching processes. This article aims to relate both topics to each other and therefore explores the opportunities and challenges of virtual technologies for history teaching from a special education perspective. For this purpose, virtual and augmented reality are questioned with regard to learning opportunities and limitations for pupils. First of all, it is explained what is meant by virtual and augmented reality in order to then discuss these technologies for general learning and teaching processes. Furthermore, it is explored what virtual and augmented reality mean for historical learning and teaching processes in order to finally consider which resources and barriers can be assumed for history teaching from a special education perspective. This article does not focus on a specific special educational need but examines the technologies in a generalized way based on various special needs.
Značajke društvenih interakcija u doba stvarne virtualnosti iz sociološke perspektive
Authors: Peračković Krešimir , Milak Matea , Strmotić Kuhar Luka
Published: November 2023

Cilj je ovog rada prije svega razmotriti neke osnovne pojmove i njihova značenja, vezane uz suvremene društvene interakcije, polazeći od klasičnih socioloških pojmova društveni odnos i društvena interakcija te sagledati što se mijenja, a što je isto u doba umrežavanja i »preseljenja« u virtualni prostor. Drugim riječima, želimo preispitati formu i sadržaj istih u dobu bez nužnosti dimenzije prostora u nekom odnosu, pri čemu nastaju nove forme i pojmovi kao što su mreža, umreženost, virtualnost i sl. U prvom poglavlju prikazat će se značenje pojmova društveni odnos i društvena interakcija koji podrazumijevaju one dru- štvene odnose u kojima su prisutni kontakt/susret ili komunikacija te koji nas vode prema pojmu društvena interakcija u istom prostoru i istom vremenu. Tema drugog poglavlja je društvena interakcija u istom vremenu bez prostora, kada pojavom informacijske tehnologije pojedinci i društva ulaze u cyber prostor nove virtualne stvarnosti. To nas pak dovodi do razvoja različitih oblika interakcija na društvenim mrežama, što je tema trećeg poglavlja. U četvrtom poglavlju razmatraju se neki rizici i neke pozitivne mogućnosti virtualnih interakcija u odnosu na realne.
Tko je stranac?
Authors: Horvat Saša
Published: November 2023

U radu iz filozofske i teološke perspektive promišljamo o fenomenu stranca. U uvodu je provedena kratka etimološka analiza pojma stranac, nakon čega je ukazano kako je pojam ipak ostao nejasan u odnosu na druge – strane i voljene osobe, ali u odnosu na nas same, kao i u konačnici u odnosu na Boga. U prvom dijelu rada provodi se fenomenološko i egzistencijalno promišljanje strukture susreta sa strancem, prije svega kroz kategorije mjesta/prostora kao središnje odrednice identiteta stranca, potom kroz fenomene zastrašujućeg i fascinantnog, promjene i čuđenja, lica i straha. U drugom dijelu rada pojam stranca promišljamo uz pomoć enciklike pape Franje Fratelli tutti, koja se skladno naslanja na filozofske naglaske, ali ujedno nudi i teološko proširenje razumijevanja susreta sa strancem kao susreta s bližnjim. U zaključku donosimo sintezu filozofskog i teološkog razumijevanja pojma stranac.
O pandemiji COVID-19 kroz pojam »iznimke« iz političke teologije Carla Schmitta
Authors: Vlk Mirko
Published: November 2023

Po mnogočemu upitne epidemiološke mjere s kojima su vlasti tijekom pandemije COVID-19 ograničile javni i privatni život, osporile su mnoge predodžbe o nepovredivosti prava i sloboda građana, kao i o poslušnosti autoritetu države. Riječ je o problemu nesumjerljivosti slobode i zakona kroz dilemu između osobnih prava i zahtjeva općeg dobra. Stoga ovaj članak ispituje kako izvanredna situacija, poput pandemije, utječe na percepciju vjerodostojnosti države. Pritom se oslanja na neke ključne elemente iz političke teologije Carla Schmitta, kao što su »iznimka«, »sociologija juridičkih pojmova«, »narav suvereniteta«, formalni kriterij političkog kao specifičnog načina mišljenja i djelovanja te »stasiološka« narav onog političkog.
Gender Stereotypes in Boyd Smith’s the Story of Pocahontas and Captain John Smith: A Greimas’ Actantial Model
Authors: Supiastutik Supiastutik , WSWW Dyah Purwita , Ramadani Olivia Putri Citra
Published: November 2023

The research attempted to examine the contribution and relevance of structuralism as a theory, method, and paradigm, especially in the study of feminist literary criticism in the novel entitled The Story of Pocahontas and Captain John Smith. Many researchers had scrutinized the novel from various approaches, such as socio-cultural, historical political, and post-colonial studies. However, analysis using actantial models had not been conducted and reported in scholarly journals. The qualitative research utilized textual analysis that practiced a narrative semiotic approach proposed by Greimas. The research used the actantial model proposed by Greimas to evaluate the narrative’s deep structure so as to reveal gender stereotypes of male and female characters in the novel, written in 1906. Although the female character appeared as the main character, she was portrayed as sentimental, emotional, weak, and dependent on the male characters’ help. In contrast, the male characters were shown as dominant figures. They were portrayed as physically strong, rational, thoughtful, and able to prioritize the interests of the wider community and independently achieve the goals they wanted. It is found that the discussion about gender stereotypes in literary works is still relevant to be carried out, especially in literary works, because several kinds of research showcase that the portrayal of stereotyped characters has an unfavorable impact on children’s cognitive and affective development.
Evaluation of the Multimedia Coursebook Material in Listening 1 Course: Audio, Video, and Interactive Activities
Authors: Dezas Perdani Yella
Published: November 2023

The research aimed to evaluate the multimedia coursebook materials that had been applied in the Listening 1 course at one university in Indonesia, to know whether the coursebook used was presented well and still suitable to the student’s needs. The audio, video, and interactive activity provided in multimedia coursebook materials needed to be evaluated to determine their suitability for students, lecturers, and the institution. A qualitative method was applied, and the evaluation form was used to gather the data from two linguists of English Applied Linguistics, one Listening 1 lecturer, three students who had used the coursebook, and three students who had not used them. The data were summarized, analyzed, and qualitatively described. The finding shows that the audio, video, and interactive activity in the multimedia coursebook material applied in the Listening 1 course are presented well. To begin with, the audio provided is clear, and the accent is understandable. Then, the clarity of the video’s image, gestures, and facial expressions aid the students’ comprehension of the video’s content. The material, exercise, the application needed, and the link provided in the interactive activity are varied and appropriate to student needs and level of ability. The evaluation result can be used to improve the quality of multimedia coursebook material in the Listening 1 course. Finally, the research has the practical application of facilitating students’ learning needs by offering learning media resources in the form of multimedia coursebook materials.
Corpos dóceis e a sociedade disciplinar: A vigilância como restrição aos direitos fundamentais da personalidade
Authors: Alécio Débora , De Ávila Gustavo Noronha
Published: November 2023

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a personalidade humana e as interferências das técnicas de disciplina tratadas pelo filósofo Michel Foucault na identidade da pessoa enquanto ser humano. Como problema de pesquisa busca-se desvendar acerca do quanto as técnicas de disciplina, pautadas nos estudos de Foucault, interferem na liberdade e na identidade do ser humano. Procurou-se demonstrar que a liberdade e a autodeterminação do indivíduo está sendo violada ante a uma microfísica do poder que tolhe a identidade humana, docilizando os corpos e mentes no contexto da sociedade contemporânea. Para o êxito desta foi utilizada a metodologia hipotético-dedutiva por meio do método teórico-bibliográfico, com coletas de dados realizados em sites de busca acadêmica, bibliotecas, legislações vigentes e revistas científicas que abordam a temática. Os resultados obtidos circulam na evidente violação dos direitos da personalidade diante da identidade humana, a qual é ultrajada com as técnicas de disciplina que docilizam os corpos e mentes, fazendo o cidadão acreditar que é livre, porém está inserido em uma maquinaria de poder que o normatiza e padroniza na esfera mais íntima de sua vida.
Yeni Materyalizmin Romantizmle İlişkiselliği William Turner ve Edward Burtynsky Örneği
Authors: Kızıl Uras , Haşlakoğlu Oğuz
Published: November 2023

Yeni materyalizm felsefesi 1990’ların ikinci yarısı ve 2000’lerin başı itibariyle tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Sanat ve mimari başta olmak üzere kuir teoriler, yeni feminizmler ve çeşitli sosyoloji kuramları yeni materyalizmden etkilenmiştir. Makalenin amacı yeni materyalizmin romantizmle (anti) ilişkiselliği göz önüne alınarak William Turner’ın Köle Gemisi ve Edward Burtynsky’nin Gemi Sökümü yapıtlarının analizini yapmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, yeni materyalizm felsefesinin genel hatları üzerinde durulmuştur. İlk olarak yapıt analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise her iki çalışmanın birbiriyle yakınlaşan ve uzaklaşan yönleri mercek altına alınmıştır. Doğa kavrayışındaki değişim, sanatta yeni imge arayışı, insan ve insan olmayanların duyumsanması, maddesellik, nesnelerin araçsallıkları, yüce ve hipernesne kavramları söz konusu analizde ön plana çıkan unsur olmuştur.
Isolation and identification of antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, efflux pump activity, and virulence determinants in multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from freshwater fishes
Authors: Suresh Kummari , Pillai Devika , Soman Manju , Sreenivas Akula , Paul Robin
Published: November 2023

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence, underlying resistance mechanism, and virulence involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 35) isolated from freshwater fishes in Andhra Pradesh, India. Antibiogram studies revealed that 68.5, 62.8, 37.1, 11.4, 8.5, 57.1, 54.2, and 48.5% of isolates had resistance to oxytetracycline, co-trimoxazole, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ampicillin, respectively. The resistant isolates harboured the tetA (85.7%), tetD (71.4%), tetM (91.4%), sul1 (80%), blaCTX-M (57.1%), blaTEM (42.8%), and blaSHV (48.5%) genes. In total, 50% of the isolates were altered as multi-drug resistant, and the multiple antibiotic resistance index was calculated as 0.4. Furthermore, 37.3, 48.5, and 14.2% of isolates were categorized as strong, moderate, and weak biofilm formers, possessing pslA (91.5%) and pslD (88.6%) biofilm encoding genes. In total, 82.8% of the isolates exhibited efflux pump activity and harboured the mexA (74.2%), mexB (77.1%), and oprM (37.1%) genes. Virulent genes oprL, toxA, exoS, and phzM were detected in 68.5, 68.5, 100, and 17.1% of isolates, respectively. The data suggested that P. aeruginosa harbours multiple resistance mechanisms and virulence factors that may contribute to antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity, and their distribution in fish culture facilities highlights the public health hazards of the food chain.
Enhancing stormwater treatment through ultrafiltration: Impact of cleaning chemicals and backwash duration on membrane efficiency
Authors: Kaykhaii Saida , Herrmann Inga , Hedström Annelie , Nordqvist Kerstin , Heidfors Ingemar , Viklander Maria
Published: November 2023

The effect of chemical cleaning and regular backwashing on the efficiency of an ultrafiltration membrane fouled during stormwater treatment was studied. Increasing backwash time from 30 to 60 s resulted in an increase in productivity by 20%. However, the productivity was highest when a backwash time of 45 s was used (3% higher than using 60 s). Chemical cleaning was carried out using an alkaline solution (NaOH with or without NaOCl) followed by acid washing with HCl. The addition of NaOCl to the cleaning chemical did not significantly increase the efficiency of chemical cleaning, and the average pure water permeability increase was 97 ± 13 LMH bar−1 after chemical cleaning with NaOH followed by HCl and 117 ± 15 LMH bar−1 after chemical cleaning with NaOH + NaOCl followed by HCl, on average. In addition, reversibility after chemical cleaning was 96 ± 67%, on average. The result from scanning electron microscopy showed that at the end of the experiments, inorganic foulants existed in both the inner layer (feed side) and the outer layer (permeate side) of the membrane.
The utilization of microwaves in revitalizing peroxymonosulfate for tetracycline decomposition: optimization via response surface methodology
Authors: Song Tiehong , Gao Yanjiao , Wei Hongyan , Zhao Yu , Li Shujie , Jiang Yi
Published: November 2023

Antibiotic contamination in water has received significant attention in recent years for the reason that the residuals of antibiotics can promote the progression of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). It is difficult to treat antibiotics using conventional biological treatment methods. In order to investigate an efficient new method of treating antibiotics in water, in this study, microwave (MW) was employed in revitalizing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to treat typical antibiotic tetracycline (TC). The Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to organize the experimental schemes. The response surface methodology (RSM) optimization was run to derive the best experimental conditions and validated using actual data. Moreover, the main mechanisms of PMS activation via MW were resolved. The results demonstrated that the relationship between TC removal rate and influencing factors was consistent with a quadratic model, where the P-value was less than 0.05, and the model was considered significant. The optimal condition resulting from the model optimization were power = 800 W, [PMS] = 0.4 mM, and pH = 6.0. Under such conditions, the actual removal of TC was 99.3%, very close to the predicted value of 99%. The quenching experiment confirmed that SO4•− and •OH were jointly responsible for TC removal.
Como um cognitivista moral pode aceitar o experimento de pensamento da Terra Gêmea Moral sem aceitar o Cognitivismo não-descritivista de Terence Horgan e Mark Timmons
Authors: Franco Monica
Published: November 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo responder como um cognitivista moral pode aceitar o experimento de pensamento da Terra Gêmea Moral sem aceitar o Cognitivismo não-descritivista de Terence Horgan e Mark Timmons. A fim de oferecer a resposta almejada, serão expostas as conclusões semânticas que esses filósofos extraem da versão desse experimento de pensamento que se aplica ao realismo moral naturalista de Peter Railton. Será proposto que mesmo que um defensor do cognitivismo moral descritivista, como Railton, aceite a objeção de Horgan e Timmons, e abandone o realismo moral naturalista, ele não precisa aderir à teoria metaética do Cognitivismo não-descritivista e à sua ontologia moral antirrealista. Ele tem como saída aderir ao Cognitivismo não-realista de Derek Parfit, que, conforme será argumentado, possivelmente é uma teoria metaética superior ao Cognitivismo não-descritivista.
‘Digital Chinese Medicine (DCM)’: From Acupuncture to Algorithms and the Digital Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Authors: Litscher Gerhard
Published: November 2023

In today's high-tech-driven times, traditional ways are getting a digital upgrade, and Chinese medicine is part of this change. Mixing ancient healing know-how with modern high technology has created digital Chinese medicine (DCM). It could change healthcare worldwide. This editorial aims to explore this new area and look at its possibilities, challenges, and how it might affect healthcare in the future. It lists some essential topics that need to be considered in the future within the digital transformation of Chinese Medicine.
Attributes That Influence Human Decision-Making in Complex Health Services: Scoping Review
Authors: Doreswamy Nandini , Horstmanshof Louise
Published: November 2023

Background

Humans currently dominate decision-making in both clinical health services and complex health services such as health policy and health regulation. Many assumptions inherent in health service models today are underpinned by Ramsey’s Expected Utility Theory, a prominent theory in the field of economics that is rooted in rationality. Rational, evidence-based metrics currently dominate the culture of decision-making in health policy and regulation. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, rational metrics alone may not suffice in making better policy and regulatory decisions. There are ethical and moral considerations and other complex factors that cannot be reduced to evidence-based rationality alone. Therefore, this scoping review was undertaken to identify and map the attributes that influence human decision-making in complex health services.

Objective

The objective is to identify and map the attributes that influence human decision-making in complex health services that have been reported in the peer-reviewed literature.

Methods

This scoping review was designed to answer the following research question: what attributes have been reported in the literature that influence human decision-making in complex health services? A clear, reproducible methodology is provided. It is reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) standards and a recognized framework. As the topic of interest merited broad review to scope and understand literature from a holistic viewpoint, a scoping review of literature was appropriate here. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed, and a database search undertaken within 4 search systems—ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Results

The results span 46 years, from 1976 to 2022. A total of 167 papers were identified. After removing duplicates, 81 papers remained. Of these, 77 papers were excluded based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining 4 papers were found to be relevant. Citation tracking was undertaken, identifying 4 more relevant papers. Thus, a total of 8 papers were included. These papers were reviewed in detail to identify the human attributes mentioned and count the frequency of mentions. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the themes.

Conclusions

The results highlight key themes that underline the complex and nuanced nature of human decision-making. The results suggest that rationality is entrenched and may influence the lexicon of our thinking about decision-making. The results also highlight the counter narrative of decision-making underpinned by uniquely human attributes. This may have ramifications for decision-making in complex health services today. The review itself takes a rational approach, and the methods used were suited to this.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/42353
Evaluation of the Performance of Generative AI Large Language Models ChatGPT, Google Bard, and Microsoft Bing Chat in Supporting Evidence-Based Dentistry: Comparative Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Giannakopoulos Kostis , Kavadella Argyro , Aaqel Salim Anas , Stamatopoulos Vassilis , Kaklamanos Eleftherios G
Published: November 2023

Background

The increasing application of generative artificial intelligence large language models (LLMs) in various fields, including dentistry, raises questions about their accuracy.

Objective

This study aims to comparatively evaluate the answers provided by 4 LLMs, namely Bard (Google LLC), ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI), and Bing Chat (Microsoft Corp), to clinically relevant questions from the field of dentistry.

Methods

The LLMs were queried with 20 open-type, clinical dentistry–related questions from different disciplines, developed by the respective faculty of the School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus. The LLMs’ answers were graded 0 (minimum) to 10 (maximum) points against strong, traditionally collected scientific evidence, such as guidelines and consensus statements, using a rubric, as if they were examination questions posed to students, by 2 experienced faculty members. The scores were statistically compared to identify the best-performing model using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. Moreover, the evaluators were asked to provide a qualitative evaluation of the comprehensiveness, scientific accuracy, clarity, and relevance of the LLMs’ answers.

Results

Overall, no statistically significant difference was detected between the scores given by the 2 evaluators; therefore, an average score was computed for every LLM. Although ChatGPT-4 statistically outperformed ChatGPT-3.5 (P=.008), Bing Chat (P=.049), and Bard (P=.045), all models occasionally exhibited inaccuracies, generality, outdated content, and a lack of source references. The evaluators noted instances where the LLMs delivered irrelevant information, vague answers, or information that was not fully accurate.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that although LLMs hold promising potential as an aid in the implementation of evidence-based dentistry, their current limitations can lead to potentially harmful health care decisions if not used judiciously. Therefore, these tools should not replace the dentist’s critical thinking and in-depth understanding of the subject matter. Further research, clinical validation, and model improvements are necessary for these tools to be fully integrated into dental practice. Dental practitioners must be aware of the limitations of LLMs, as their imprudent use could potentially impact patient care. Regulatory measures should be established to oversee the use of these evolving technologies.
Assessing the Impact of a Serious Game (MedSMARxT: Adventures in PharmaCity) in Improving Opioid Safety Awareness Among Adolescents and Parents: Quantitative Study
Authors: Abraham Olufunmilola , McCarthy Tyler James , Zaborek Jen
Published: November 2023

Background

The opioid crisis continues to worsen across the United States, affecting people of all demographics. Few evidence-based interventions exist for educating families, particularly those with adolescents, about opioid prescription safety. Serious games have demonstrated impacts in improving medication-related outcomes for various health conditions. The characterizing goal of this serious game is to improve opioid safety knowledge and awareness among adolescents and their families.

Objective

This study evaluated the impact of a serious game, MedSMARxT: Adventures in PharmaCity, designed to foster opioid safety awareness among adolescents and their parents.

Methods

A national sample of parents and their adolescent children was recruited through Qualtrics research panels, social media, listservs, and snowball sampling. Eligible participants were adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years and their parents. Study participants were required to reside in the United States; speak, read, and understand English; and have access to a computer with a webcam. Parent-child dyads completed pregame and postgame surveys and participated in gameplay for up to 30 minutes. Primary outcome scales have been previously evaluated by the study team.

Results

A total of 60 adolescent participants and 68 parent participants met full attention criteria for inclusion in this study. Statistical analysis confirmed that both adolescents’ and parents’ concept scores improved from baseline regarding opioid safety self-efficacy (adolescent: mean 0.35, SD 0.60; P<.001; parent: mean 0.28, SD 0.42; P<.001), perceived knowledge (adolescent: mean 1.08, SD 1.04; P<.001; parent: mean 0.56, SD 0.55; P<.001), behavioral intent (adolescent: mean 0.26, SD 0.39; P<.001; parent: mean 0.25, SD 0.32; P<.001), safe storage (adolescent: mean 0.12, SD 0.27; P<.001; parent: mean 0.03, SD 0.11; P=.03), disposal knowledge (adolescent: mean 0.10, SD 0.27; P=.006; parent: mean 0.07, SD 0.16; P<.001), and knowledge about misuse behavior (adolescent: mean 0.05, SD 0.14; P=.002; parent: mean 0.04, SD 0.10; P<.001). Participant groups, stratified by who completed and who did not complete gameplay, improved their knowledge and awareness, with no significant differences between subgroups.

Conclusions

The use of this serious game to improve opioid prescription safety practices among parents and adolescents was supported by the study findings. MedSMARxT: Adventures in PharmaCity is an intervention with the capability of teaching parents and adolescents about safe opioid prescription practices. Further studies and game refinement are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a game-based intervention in clinical settings and community pharmacies.
Keterlibatan Perempuan secara Formal dalam Pengelolaan Kegiatan Pariwisata di Desa Wisata Kebonagung, Bantul
Authors: Pratiwi Diantika Ayu
Published: November 2023

The tourism industry is seeing rapid growth. Nevertheless, the involvement of women in the official administration of the tourism industry remains limited. The objective of this study was to examine the extent of women's formal involvement in the management of tourist operations in Kebonagung tourist Village, located in Imogiri, Bantul Regency, in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province. The analysis was conducted using the MOA (Motivation, Opportunity, and Ability) participation model. This study employed a qualitative methodology, utilizing techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Data collection spanned a duration of 20 days, commencing on April 1st and concluding on April 20th, 2022. The researcher conducted interviews with three managers and pioneers of the Kebonagung Tourism Village,three female members who hold formal positions in the administration structure of the village, and three female local residents who actively participate in tourism activities. The findings of this study indicate that the level of women's engagement in formal management, as measured by factors such as motivation, opportunity, and ability, was significantly low. Additionally, the participation of women in formal management positions was shown to be extremely limited. The low participation of women in formal management in Kebonagung Tourism Village can be attributed to various factors. These include a lack of motivation among women to engage in management roles, limited opportunities that are not effectively utilized, inadequate or insufficient capabilities, as well as internal and external barriers that hinder women from formally participating in managing tourism activities.
Research on the Decision-Making Mechanism of Human Capital Investment in the Behavior of “Returning to School for a Master Degree”—An Interview Analysis Based on Grounded Theory
Authors: Huang Fang , Wu Jian
Published: November 2023

Currently, it has become increasingly common for individuals engaged in social work to pursue a Master’s degree as part of their professional development. Following the qualitative research approach of grounded theory, this study conducted in-depth interviews with six graduate students majoring in education from local universities and performed a three-level coding analysis on the collected data. The motivations behind social candidates’ pursuit of a Master’s degree are primarily driven by material needs, spiritual aspirations, and other factors. Drawing upon the human capital theory, this study examines the investment decision-making behavior of this particular cohort. The decision mechanism underlying this behavior is as follows: the anticipated income level associated with a master’s degree surpasses the current income level; the expected return on investment outweighs the investment cost; while human capital investment in graduate school entails minimal risk, its return rate exceeds that of other investments; substantial hidden benefits are derived from investing in human capital. The research findings can serve as a valuable reference for the reform and adjustment of graduate enrollment and training in higher education institutions.
Review on Thermal Analysis of LED Heat Power Dissipation and Efficiency Analysis.
Authors: Nemade Lubdha P.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have become increasingly popular in a variety of lighting and display applications because of their extended lifespan and energy efficiency. Nonetheless, maintaining LED performance and increasing their operational life depend heavily on effective heat management. In order to gain a better understanding of the heat power dissipation and efficiency of LEDs, this study focuses on their thermal analysis. The study evaluates the heat generation and dissipation in LEDs using a variety of techniques, such as thermal imaging, computational simulations, and experimental measurements. It investigates how various LED designs, compositions, and operational circumstances affect their thermal performance. The analysis's findings offer insightful information about methods for improving LED heat management and raising their overall effectiveness.
Fire Fighting Robot with SMS Alert System
Authors: Raghunath Swapna , Sara Meghana , Rashmitha Nallapu , Puneria Manisha
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The Arduino-based Fire Fighting Robot with SMS Alert System is a robotic system designed to detect and extinguish fires in indoor environments. The robot uses flame sensors to detect the presence of a fire. Once a fire is detected, the robot moves towards the source of the fire and sprays water to extinguish the flames. The robot is equipped with a GSM module that can send SMS messages to alert the user when a fire is detected. This allows for prompt action to be taken to minimize damage and save lives. The components of the robot include an Arduino board, motor drivers, sensors, and a GSM module. The software code is written in the Arduino IDE and controls the motors, reads sensor data, and communicates with the GSM module. The robot is tested and debugged to ensure that it functions correctly and safely in different scenarios. Overall, the Arduino-based Fire Fighting Robot with SMS Alert provides a reliable and efficient solution for fire detection and suppression with the added benefit of remote communication and control.
Effect of subjective and objective socioeconomic status on physical health, mental health, and well-being
Authors: Liu Kewen , Liu Junji
Published: November 2023

We investigated the independent and interactive effects of subjective socioeconomic status and objective socioeconomic status on physical health, mental health, and well-being. We collected questionnaires from 276 adults in China. Results showed that subjective socioeconomic status
and objective socioeconomic status were positively related to mental health, physical health, and well-being. In addition, there was an interactive effect of subjective socioeconomic status and objective socioeconomic status on well-being. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the
mechanisms by which socioeconomic status affects health and well-being and suggest that we should begin to improve peopleâ–™s well-being by looking at individual socioeconomic status.
Exercise adherence and meaning in life: The chain mediating effect of perceived social support and optimism
Authors: Guo SiQiang , Guo Kelei , Fu HuaYing
Published: November 2023

We explored the relationship between exercise adherence and meaning in life in college students. We chose 945 college students using a convenience sampling method. Exercise adherence was positively correlated with meaning in life. Perceived social support and optimism each played a
significant mediating role between exercise adherence and meaning in life. Exercise adherence not only directly predicted meaning in life, but also indirectly predicted meaning in life through the independent mediation of perceived social support and optimism, as well as the chain mediation
of the two. This study enriches the research field of the value of physical education and provides more theoretical guidance for practical physical education teaching, thus promoting the sense of life meaning of college students.
Taiwanese undergraduates’ motivation, willingness to communicate, and use of English language on Facebook: A mediation model
Authors: Kao Po-Chi
Published: November 2023

I examined the effects of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and willingness to communicate on Taiwanese undergraduates’ use of the English language on Facebook. Structural equation modeling was adopted to test the hypotheses in the conceptual model with a sample of 320
Taiwanese undergraduates. The results showed that both intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation were significantly associated with students’ willingness to communicate and with their use of English on Facebook. Moreover, intrinsic motivation had a more powerful effect than did extrinsic
motivation on willingness to communicate, and extrinsic motivation was negatively associated with use of English on Facebook. Willingness to communicate mediated the relationships between both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and use of English on Facebook. The findings suggest that fostering
intrinsic motivation among students is crucial for enhancing willingness to communicate in English, which, in turn, has a positive impact on their English usage on Facebook.