bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descrição linguística e aprendizado de máquina
Authors: Rodrigues Roana , Souza Jackson Wilke da Cruz , Santos Roney Lira de Sales
Published: October 2022

Con el fin de esclarecer las relaciones que se establecen entre la lingüística descriptiva y el aprendizaje automático, este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que analiza un algoritmo generado a partir de una propuesta de clasificación humana de construcciones verbales locativas de la lengua española. Se utilizaron datos sacados de Rodrigues (2019), que presentan un análisis y descripción de 318 construcciones verbales que seleccionan, de manera obligatoria, un argumento interpretado como lugar (poner, salir, entrar, enjaular etc.), organizadas en 10 clases distintas, de acuerdo con sus atributos estructurales, distribucionales y transformacionales. Partiendo del paradigma simbólico y utilizando el software Weka, los datos permitieron generar dos propuestas de reglas del algoritmo JRip: sin y con la selección de atributos. Ambos los procedimientos generaron 10 reglas compuestas y evaluaron las medidas de precisión, exhaustividad, puntuación-f1 y matriz de confusión de los algoritmos creados. El algoritmo sin selección de atributos presentó el 100% de desempeño, demostrando que los datos lingüísticos presentan una descripción y clasificación coherentes. Por su vez, el algoritmo con selección de atributos, con el 96,54% de desempeño, permitió, además de exponer las propiedades lingüísticas más relevantes con fines de clasificación, analizar los casos más sensibles para distinción entre las clases, culminando en la lista de seis aspectos descriptivos de revisión y/o refinamiento de datos que se deben analizar en investigaciones futuras. Por tanto, esta investigación auxilió, más específicamente, en la mejora de la descripción de las construcciones verbales locativas de la lengua española y demostró que la relación descripción humana y aprendizaje automático no consiste solamente en la importancia de la descripción como input para la máquina, pero, principalmente, sobre cómo es posible utilizar algoritmos (y sus métricas de evaluación) para validar y mejorar la descripción de diferentes fenómenos de las lenguas naturales.
O conteúdo solos na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do ensino fundamental
Authors: Lima Jhones da Silva , Campos Alfredo Borges de
Published: October 2022

Ao ser indagadas sobre o termo Solo, casualmente, ou não, as pessoas possuem algum entendimento prévio do seu significado, porém, apresentam dificuldades para contextualizá-lo de forma correta. Assim, compreendê-lo como recurso essencial dos ecossistemas terrestres e entender sua dinâmica histórica e natural deve ser o ponto inicial de toda análise científica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender como o conteúdo solo é abordado na educação básica, a partir da análise da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do Ensino Fundamental. A metodologia envolveu uma análise documental da BNCC e uma revisão bibliográfica sobre solos, buscando recompor abordagens histórico-conceituais na ciência e no ensino. Os resultados indicam que ainda há grandes desafios e perspectivas para o ensino de solos, porém estes devem ser abordados pela análise integrada de elementos naturais e humanos que valorize a conscientização da relevância do conteúdo para o ambiente e a sociedade.
O ensino de Guarani nas escolas paraguaias e a questão do bilinguismo diglóssico: uma interlocução com Bartomeu Melià
Authors: Lopes Danielle Bastos , Pontes Paloma Araújo
Published: October 2022

Este artigo analisa o ensino paraguaio com especial destaque para os conceitos diglossia e interculturalidade no âmbito acadêmico. O Paraguai é um país com um aspecto singularmente  relevante, sua população fala majoritariamente guarani, uma língua ameríndia do tronco Tupi. No que diz respeito ao castelhano, possuem um dialeto próprio, espécie de castelhano com resquícios do guarani, chamado espanhol rioplatense. A análise do bilinguismo e as questões do apagamento da língua serão um dos pontos explorados neste artigo. Apesar de culturalmente distintos, ambos os idiomas apresentam a política bilíngue/intercultural como políticas fundamentais e centrais para as escolas indígenas. O que este artigo tenciona, nesse aspecto, consiste em saber se o bilinguismo vivido nas escolas paraguaias não atua como um apagamento dos idiomas indígenas ou da castelhanização guarani. Como afirmou Bartomeu Melià (2010, 2011), o Estado preconiza que as populações nativas sejam alfabetizadas em castelhano, porém, isso não ocorre no caso dos castelhanos falantes que não graduam-se em uma única língua indígena. A interculturalidade remete à troca e conflito entre várias culturas distintas, entretanto, na maioria dos sistemas educativos, tanto no Brasil como no Paraguai as trocas são unilaterais. O castelhano ou português dominante é aprendido sob alto prestígio, enquanto às línguas indígenas cultuam um ensino culturalmente diglóssico. Com base nos pensamentos de Bartomeu Melià, estes e outros aspectos do bilinguismo paraguaio serão enfocados neste artigo.
What’s on your Mind? Impact of Online Education on Students’ Mental Wellness
Authors: Villarama Joseph A , Santos John Paul E , Adsuara Joseph P , Antalan Jorri Anne Amethyst R , Gundran Jordan F
Published: October 2022

Due to the pandemic, institutions shifted online and away from in-person classes. Online education implementation and integration require adjustments and pedagogical skills. Overcoming social-distance protocols and ensuring education continues is one side. How students adapt needs more study. Stable internet and devices and hours in front of computers require careful consideration. Using a 4-point Likert scale and a self-made validated questionnaire on factors affecting mental wellness, with a reported internal consistency of 0.73, the present study differentiated mental wellness of respondents in terms of their age and sex through ANOVA, and identified factors affecting mental wellness of 100 online Filipino students, evaluated through percentage, mean, and SD, who participated in this mixed method study, which combined quantitative and qualitative research design. Most disagreed with and viewed online education as more difficult than in-person, which had significant effects on their mental wellness, from losing motivation to work on tasks to feeling less effective in lessons. Some had mental breakdowns, anxiety, and considered dropping out. Online education is a possible solution to continue learning until normalcy returns, but questionable in countries where thousands of households lack a stable internet connection and means to buy online education gadgets. Policymakers must create a positive education landscape considering everyone’s welfare while educators are enjoined to innovate.
The Relationship of The Implementation of Physical Distancing with The Level of Social Interaction in Children Aged 3-6 Years Old in Bantal Village, Asembagus District, Situbondo Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Ira , Lisabella Stefanie Hapy
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Social interaction played an important role in a child's daily life. If there was no balance of intelligence or interactive abilities, it would be difficult for children to live in society. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government issued a physical distancing policy. Children couldn’t meet and interact with their environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the application of physical distancing and the level of development (social interaction) of children aged 3-6 years in Bantal Village.
Method: The research method used is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach design. The study was conducted 93 children with criteria aged 3-6 years who live in Bantal Village, Asembagus District. The exclusion criteria for sick children, have physical limitations and suffer from mental disorders using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection used measuring tools in the form of a questionnaire on the physical distancing and interaction rating scale (IRS) and used the chi-square for the statistical test.
Results: The results of the statistical analysis test using the chi-squere value obtained p<ɑ (p=0.001<0.05) so that there is a relationship between the application of physical distancing and the level of development (social interaction) of children aged 3-6 years in Bantal Village, Asembagus District, Situbondo Regency.
Conclusions: There was a relationship between the application of physical distancing and the level of development (social interaction) of children aged 3-6 years during the Covid-19 pandemic in Bantal Village.
12th Meeting of the Global Steering Committee of the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs). Activity report
Authors:   World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) (founded as OIE),   FAO
Published: October 2022

This report provides an update on the progress made in the control of global priority transboundary animal diseases (TADs), which was presented by the disease working groups and secretariats at the Global Steering Committee meeting (GSC12), held during two sessions in November and December 2021. It presents a concise summary of activities carried out under the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs) umbrella from November 2020 to October 2021. The TADs covered in the report include African swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease and peste des petits ruminants, as well as the rinderpest post-eradication programme. The main areas of focus include a summary of TADs control strategies, the epidemiological situation in the past two years, as well as the progress and challenges faced in the last year. Regional activities for the five main geographical regions of the GF-TADs are also highlighted in the report. Funding support for TADs control is presented in Annex I and a follow-up of the action plan developed following the recommendations of the third external evaluation of GF-TADs is presented in Annex II. Information on specific activities mentioned in the report can also be found through the dedicated sections of the GF-TADs website or by request from the GF-TADs global secretariat.
PANoptosis is a prominent feature of desmoplakin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Olcum Melis , Rouhi Leila , Fan Siyang , Gonzales Maya M. , Jeong Hyun-Hwan , Zhao Zhongming , Gurha Priyatansh , Marian Ali J.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is hereditary cardiomyopathy caused by pathogenic variants (mutations) in genes encoding the intercalated disc (ID), particularly desmosome proteins. ACM caused by mutations in the DSP gene encoding desmoplakin (DSP) is characterized by the prominence of cell death, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation, and is referred to as desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. Aim: The aim of this article was to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DSP cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results: The Dsp gene was exclusively deleted in cardiac myocytes using tamoxifen-inducible MerCreMer (Myh6-McmTam) and floxed Dsp (DspF/F) mice (Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F). Recombination was induced upon subcutaneous injection of tamoxifen (30 mg/kg/d) for 5 days starting post-natal day 14. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots, cardiac function by echocardiography, arrhythmias by rhythm monitoring, and gene expression by RNA-Seq, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence techniques. Cell death was analyzed by the TUNEL assay and the expression levels of specific markers were by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Myocardial fibrosis was assessed by picrosirius red staining of the myocardial sections, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. The Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F mice showed extensive molecular remodeling of the IDs and the differential expression of ~10,000 genes, which predicted activation of KDM5A, IRFs, and NFκB and suppression of PPARGC1A and RB1, among others in the DSP-deficient myocytes. Gene set enrichment analysis predicted activation of the TNFα/NFκB pathway, inflammation, cell death programs, and fibrosis. Analysis of cell death markers indicated PANoptosis, comprised of apoptosis (increased CASP3, CASP8, BAD and reduced BCL2), necroptosis (increased RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL), and pyroptosis (increased GSDMD and ASC or PYCARD) in the DSP-deficient myocytes. Transcript levels of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes were increased and myocardial fibrosis comprised ~25% of the myocardium in the DSP-deficient hearts. The Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F mice showed severe cardiac systolic dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias, and died prematurely with a median survival rate of ~2 months. Conclusion: The findings identify PANoptosis as a prominent phenotypic feature of DSP cardiomyopathy and set the stage for delineating the specific molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. The model also provides the opportunity to test the effects of pharmacological and genetic interventions on myocardial fibrosis and cell death. One sentence summary: Post-natal homozygous deletion of the Dsp gene leads to fulminant PANoptosis and severe myocardial fibrosis, cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and premature death in mice.
Scintigraphy in Thyroid Nodular Pathology
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Sergienko V. B.
Published: October 2022

Thyroid scintigraphy is a method that formed more than 60 years ago and retains its importance for the diagnosis and assessment of the risk of nodular malignancy. The review examines the use of the scintigraphic method in functional and metabolic assessment of nodular goiter. Prerequisites for functional thyroid nodes screening with short-lived 99mTc-pertechnetate are outlined. Information is provided on the principles of its preparation and pharmacokinetics, as well as variants of the thyroid nodes functional activity, their possible malignant potential and indications for metabolic screening. The characteristic of metabolic activity allows to assess the risk of functionally “cold” thyroid nodes malignancy. The main stages of the use of nonspecific tumorotropic radiopharmaceuticals, the mechanism of their accumulation and metabolism in the thyroid tumors, the possibilities of the differential diagnosis of various types of nodular formations are presented. Modern views on the diagnostic capabilities of two-phase scintigraphy with 99mTс-methylisobutylisonitrile are reflected taking into account the relationship of radiopharmaceuticals accumulation with factors of proliferative activity and ultrastructural cell types, a variant of oncocytic pathology and multidrug-resistant protein expression.
Texture Analysis of CT Images in Head and Neck Tumors Differentiation
Authors: Khodjibekova Yu. M. , Khodjibekov M. Kh. , Akhmedov B. R. , Pattokhov A. Sh. , Nigmatdjanov A. S.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to determine the diagnostic significance of computed tomography texture analysis (CTTA) in differentiating head and neck tumors.Material and methods. The study included 118 patients aged from 4 to 80 years with a verified diagnosis of benign and malignant (37 and 81, respectively) head and neck tumors. CTTA was performed using the LIFEx program, version 6.30. Thirty eight (38) texture indices extracted from routine CT images were tested by regression analysis with creation of logistic texture models with associations of four indices as independent predictors.Results. The possibility of using derived models – probability textural indices for benign and malignant tumors differentiation was established: area under ROC-curve (AUC) 0.854 ± 0.035 (p < 0.001); for differentiation of locally spread from locally limited tumors: AUC 0.840 ± 0.049 (p < 0.001); for differentiation of moderately, poorly, and undifferentiated cancer (G2, G3, G4) from well-differentiated (G1) head and neck cancer: AUC 0.826 ± 0.085 (p < 0.001).Conclusion. CT images texture analysis allows to make non-invasive prognosis of benign or malignant nature of a visualized head and neck tumor, as well as to determine the extent and degree of tumor malignancy.
Search for Optimal MRI Protocol for the Diagnosis of Vaginal Tumor
Authors: Aksenova S. P. , Nudnov N. V. , Solodkiy V. А.
Published: October 2022

Background. A wide variety of pulse sequences, the possibility of multiplanar imaging significantly increase the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing diseases of the female reproductive system. At the same time, the lack of a regulated scanning protocol, especially in patients who have undergone anticancer treatment, requires standardization of the technique and the search for an optimal set of pulse sequences that allows to visualize the vagina throughout its entire length and to perform differential diagnosis between continued tumor growth and post-radiation changes while maintaining an adequate examination time.Objective: to determine the optimal set of MRI pulse sequences for pelvic organs examination in patients with vaginal tumors and to form an original research protocol based on diagnostic information content.Material and methods. The study included 141 patients with vaginal tumors. A comparative analysis of four MRI protocols was carried out, built according to the principle “from simple to complex” (from native to multiparametric MRI).Results. A significant difference was obtained between all information content indicators of Protocol 4 compared to Protocol 1 (sensitivity p = 0.00006, specificity p = 0.00443, AUC p = 0.00000). Data analysis also showed a significant difference between sensitivity and AUC for Protocols 2 and 4 (p = 0.00150 and p = 0.00087, respectively), and Protocols 3 and 4 (p = 0.01333 and p = 0.01333, respectively).Conclusion. Significant increase in the information content of Protocol 4 compared to other protocols (sensitivity up to 93%, specificity up to 94%, accuracy up to 93%) indicates the expediency of the priority use of multiparametric MRI in the primary diagnosis of vaginal tumor lesions.
Liver X-ray Attenuation in Patients with Novel Coronavirus Infection (Multislice Computed Tomography Study)
Authors: Nikogosova А. К. , Berdalin А. B. , Gubskiy I. L. , Lelyuk V. G.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to analyze the X-ray liver attenuation values in hospitalized patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in relation to the time of disease onset, the severity of pulmonary parenchymal involvement, and the disease outcome.Material and methods. Chest computed tomography (CT) findings in 635 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were analyzed. CT was performed at various times after the disease onset. The attenuation (CT density) values of the visualized liver upper part were measured by selecting the region of interest on CT images. The extent of the affected lung parenchyma was assessed according to the five-step CT0–4 scale, where CT0 corresponds to the absence of viral pneumonia, CT1 – lung parenchyma involvement less than 25%, CT2 – 25–50% lung volume lesion, CT3 – 50–75% lung volume lesion, CT4 – lung parenchyma involvement more than 75%.Results. In patients with CT0, the liver attenuation was significantly higher than in those with CT1, CT2, CT3, and CT4 (p < 0.01). During the first week of the disease, there was a decrease in liver CT density followed by its increase and return to the initial values (p < 0.0005). The dynamics of liver attenuation in the group of patients who died did not differ significantly from those who survived and recovered (p = 0.107). In the early stage of the disease (0–4 days), the liver attenuation in the group of patients who subsequently died turned out to be significantly lower than in the survivors (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The course of COVID-19 is characterized by a transient decrease in liver CT density. The reduction in liver attenuation does not correlate with the volume of the affected lung parenchyma in patients with CT2–4. The dynamics of liver CT density is not associated with the disease outcome. There is a trend towards more pronounced values of liver attenuation decrease in the early stage of the disease in patients who subsequently died, which requires further research.
Situation et gestion de la crise liée aux scolytes de l'Épicéa commun fin 2021 dans l’est de la France, en Suisse et en Wallonie
Authors: Saintonge François-Xavier , Gillette Max , Blaser Simon , Queloz Valentin , Leroy Quentin
Published: October 2022

La crise scolytes affecte les épicéas communs de plaine d’une grande partie de l’Europe. Initiée dès 2015, elle est principalement la conséquence du climat exceptionnellement chaud et sec qu’ont subi de 2018 à 2020 bon nombre de pessières européennes ainsi que des multiples coups de vent ayant mis à terre des bois dispersés. Le volume de bois mort est inédit. Les méthodes d’estimation de ce niveau de dégât montrent leurs limites et les progrès récents de la télédétection permettent de compléter les estimations. Dans ce contexte, les capacités de lutte efficace sont limitées mais fort heureusement une demande de sciages a permis, particulièrement ces deux dernières années, une valorisation de la majorité des lots scolytés, excepté ceux de petite taille. Tout laisse à penser qu’à l’issue de la crise, la surface d'Épicéa de plaine sera beaucoup plus faible voire inexistante dans certains territoires.
Nouveaux défis, nouvelles approches : Foster Forest, un jeu sérieux pour simuler et stimuler l’adaptation aux changements climatiques
Authors: Fouqueray Timothée
Published: October 2022

Malgré d’intenses recherches, la capacité d’adaptation aux changements climatiques des forêts et des forestiers demeure incertaine. Face à ces incertitudes, les forestiers privés et publics tentent de diversifier leurs pratiques, mais se concentrent principalement sur des actions de technique sylvicole. Le jeu sérieux Foster Forest vise à compléter ces approches techniques à partir d’adaptations socioéconomiques imaginées par les participants. Développée par une équipe de recherche interdisciplinaire, il s’agit à notre connaissance de la première simulation participative de l’évolution d’un massif forestier tempéré dans un scénario d’incertitudes économiques et climatiques. L’article présente la genèse, le déploiement et les apprentissages des ateliers Foster Forest tenus à travers la France. Une nouvelle version « Prospective », gratuite et téléchargeable en ligne, est aussi introduite à l’intention des structures d’animation, de coordination ou de formation forestières.
GEOGRAFIA E LITERATURA
Authors: AGUIAR WALDINEY GOMES
Published: October 2022

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar propostas de situações didáticas para o ensino de Geografia através da obra literária Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos, escrita em 1938. A obra mencionada apresenta em sua narrativa fenômenos relacionados à natureza tais como as condições climáticas, o tipo de solo e a vegetação. Além disso, aborda questões essenciais a serem refletidas acerca das condições humanas, às quais os personagens são submetidos no ambiente do enredo. Dessa forma, o presente artigo evidencia a importância deste estudo uma vez que os temas encontrados no romance são pertinentes aos conteúdos curriculares geográficos. Ainda, vale-se frisar que este estudo contribuirá para as práticas pedagógicas de interdisciplinaridade entre a Geografia e a Literatura. Sendo assim, no primeiro momento, o texto discorrerá sobre o ensino da Geografia em um contexto teórico-metodológico. Depois, dissertará acerca da Literatura e o ensino da Geografia e, em seguida, serão apresentadas propostas de situações didáticas – fundamentadas pelo viés da Teoria de Guiy Brousseau (2008) – como recursos para compor a metodologia de ensino do professor.
CONCEITO TERRITÓRIO NAS PESQUISAS SOBRE O ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: COSTA GUEDES IOSHUA , Portela Mugiany Oliveira Brito
Published: October 2022

Este artigo objetiva discutir alguns aspectos acerca do conceito de território no ensino de Geografia e é parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, em andamento. Nas últimas décadas o território vem se tornando mais um instrumento de pesquisa dentro da ciência geográfica, além de admitir novas abordagens acerca dos estudos. Saliente-se ainda que a prática docente em Geografia e de território é fundamental para que uma aprendizagem significativa tenha efeito na vida cotidiana do sujeito aprendiz. Isso porque, na contemporaneidade, esse é um dos conceitos importantes para se compreender o mundo. Diante disso, são realizadas discussões teóricas embasadas em Cavalcanti (2019), Haesbaert (2014), Raffestin (1993), Portela (2018), Castellar (2019), entre outros. Utilizou-se ainda dados do estado da arte realizado em que constam pesquisas relacionadas à temática aqui discutida. Mediante o exposto, esse artigo discutirá sobre a trajetória do conceito de território na ciência geográfica nos séculos XX e XXI, além de abordar sobre algumas concepções dessa categoria no Brasil, após a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB). Em seguida, será abordado acerca do território como conceito no ensino de Geografia. Como resultados preliminares, verificou-se que há algumas pesquisas relacionadas ao ensino de território, mas que não associam diretamente à prática do professor, em sala de aula.
Pengaruh Perundungan di Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Stres Kerja pada Karyawan Baru di Jakarta
Authors: Zakia Surya Fitri , Bakar Fahmi Abu
Published: October 2022

Sejumlah penelitian secara konsisten menunjukkan adanya pengaruh perundungan di lingkungan kerja (workplace bullying) terhadap stres kerja (job stress) pada karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh perundungan di lingkungan kerja terhadap stres kerja pada karyawan baru yang bekerja di Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei yang meminta partisipan mengisi kuesioner secara online. Sebanyak 213 orang berpartisipasi menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini. Responden diukur perundungan di lingkungan kerja yang dialami menggunakan Negative Acts Questionnare-Revised (NAQ-R) dan stres kerja yang dialami menggunakan Job Stress Scales (JSS). Hasil analisis regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan perundungan di lingkungan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja partisipan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh perundungan di lingkungan kerja terhadap stres kerja pada karyawan baru di Jakarta.
Physical Activity Among Rural Residents in Eastern, Central and Western Provinces of China: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Liang Cheng-Yao , Zheng Zhi-Yuan , Wu Yu-Gao , Li Zhuo-Yang , Wang Ping , Wang Yi-Yang , Lin Bai-Xue , Fang Jing
Published: October 2022

Physical inactivity is a well-known risk factor for various non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Sufficient physical activity (PA) is essential for the prevention of NCDs and thus it is imperative to study the current status of PA and its influencing factors among rural residents in China. A population-based survey was conducted in rural areas of Shandong, Shanxi and Yunnan Provinces using a stratified random sampling method. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-S) was used to collect the data on PA. A total of 3780 rural residents participated in the survey. The result showed that 22.2% of rural residents were physical inactivity. The proportion of rural residents reporting practice of physical exercise was 54.4%. The most frequently performed physical exercise was walking/brisk walking(78.3%).Binary logistic regression analyses showed that being female, people at age between 15 to 34 years or 60 years old and above, employees of governmental departments/retirees, school students, the unemployed, people with NCDs were risk factors of PA and ethnic minority groups,smoking and alcohol consumption were risk factors of physical exercise. Health promotion programme aiming at increasing people’s PA in rural China is needed and it should focus on the populations groups of the female, people at age 60 years and above ,school students, the unemployed, and people with NCDs.
Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety Among Stable Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Malaysia
Authors: Adnan Muhammad Azri Adam , Kassim Mohd Shaiful Azlan , Sahril Hafizah , Abd Razak Mohamad Aznuddin
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic creates anxiety among hospitalised SARS-CoV-2 patients. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors among stable inpatient COVID-19 patients in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a web-based online survey involving 401 patients from Malaysia's leading COVID-19 hospitals from 15th April until 30th June 2020 who were chosen using quota sampling. General Anxiety Disorders 7 items (GAD-7), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE) and Socio-demographic profile questionnaire were used. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS v23 to determine the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors. The results showed that prevalence of anxiety was 7.0%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female (p < 0.05), fear of infection (p < 0.05), lack of information (p < 0.05), maladaptive coping mechanism of behavioural disengagement (p < 0.001) and self-blame (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with anxiety. Whereas adaptive coping mechanisms via instrumental support (p < 0.001) was a significant protective predictor of anxiety. COVID-19 infection has had a significant influence on the mental health of patients. Findings in our study provides baseline findings on prevalence of anxiety among stabilized COVID-19 inpatient in Malaysia. Despite the relative low prevalence, the data has the potential to improve the present mental health monitoring system and the deployment of suitable treatments in dealing with similar circumstances
Candida Massiliensis sp. nov. Isolated from A Clinical Sample
Authors: Kabtani Jihane , BOULANOUAR Fatima , Militiello Muriel , Cassagne Carole , Ranque Stéphane
Published: October 2022

The majority of Candida species are known as non-pathogenic yeasts and rarely involved in human diseases. However, recently case reports of human infections caused by non-albicans Candida species have increased, mostly in immunocompromised hosts. Our study aimed to describe and caracterise as thoroughly as possible, a new species of the Candida genus, named here Candida massiliensis (PMML0037), isolated from a clinical sample of human sputum. We compared genetic data based on the sequences of four genetic regions: "Internal Transcribed Spacers" of rRNA, D1/D2 domains (28S large subunit rRNA) and part of the genes encoding Translation Elongation Factor 1-α and β-tubulin2, to morphological characters, from scanning electron microscopy (TM 4000 Plus, SU5000), physiological, including the results of oxidation and assimilation tests of different carbon sources by the Biolog system, and chemical mapping by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. Lastly, the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile was performed using the E-testTM exponential gradient method. The multilocus analysis supported the genetic position of Candida massiliensis (PMML0037) as a new species of the genus Candida, and the phenotypic analysis highlighted its unique morphological and chemical profile when compared to other Candida species included in the study.
An Adaptive Refinement Scheme for Depth Estimation Networks
Authors: Naeini Amin Alizadeh , Sheikholeslami Mohammad Moein , Sohn Gunho
Published: October 2022

Deep learning, specifically the supervised approach, has proved to be a breakthrough in depth prediction. However, the generalization ability of deep networks is still limited, and they cannot maintain a satisfactory performance on some inputs. Addressing a similar problem in the segmentation field, a scheme (f-BRS) has been proposed to refine predictions in the inference time. f-BRS adapts an intermediate activation function to each input by using user clicks as sparse labels. Given the similarity between user clicks and sparse depth maps, this paper aims at extending the application of f-BRS to depth prediction. Our experiments show that f-BRS, fused with a depth estimation baseline, is trapped in local optima, and fails to improve the network predictions. To resolve that, we propose a double-stage adaptive refinement scheme (DARS). In the first stage, a Delaunay-based correction module significantly improves the depth generated by a baseline network. In the second stage, a particle swarm optimizer (PSO) delineates the estimation through fine-tuning f-BRS parameters—that is, scales and biases. DARS is evaluated on an outdoor benchmark, KITTI, and an indoor benchmark, NYUv2 while for both the network is pre-trained on KITTI. The proposed scheme outperformed rival methods on both datasets.
Multivariate Time Series Dataset of Milling 16MnCr5 for Anomaly Detection
Authors: Schlagenhauf Tobias , Wolf Jan , Puchta Alexander
Published: October 2022

Machine learning methods have widely been applied to detect anomalies in machine and cutting tool behavior during lathe or milling. However, detecting anomalies in the workpiece itself did not get the same attention by researchers. That is why in this article, the authors present a pub-licly available multivariate time series dataset which was recorded during milling of 16MnCr5. Due to artificially introduced, though realistic anomalies in the workpiece the dataset can be ap-plied for anomaly detection. By using a convolutional autoencoder as a first model good results in detecting the location of the anomalies in the workpiece were achieved. Furthermore, milling tools with two different diameters where used which led to a dataset eligible for transfer learn-ing. The objective of this article is to provide researchers with a real-world time series dataset of the milling process which is suitable for modern machine learning research topics like anomaly detection and transfer learning.
The Role of Serotonergic Gene Methylation in Regulating Anxiety-Related Personality Traits in Chimpanzees
Authors: Staes Nicky , Guevara Elaine E. , Hopkins William D. , Schapiro Steven J. , Eens Marcel , Sherwood Chet C. , Bradley Brenda J.
Published: October 2022

While low serotonergic activity is often associated with psychological disorders like depression, anxiety, mood and personality disorders, variations in serotonin also contribute to normal personality differences. Here we investigate the role of blood DNA methylation levels at individual CpG sites of two key serotonergic genes (serotonin receptor gene 1A, HTR1A; serotonin transporter gene, SLC6A4) in predicting personality of captive chimpanzees. We find associations between methylation at 9/48 CpG sites with four personality dimensions: Dominance, Reactivity/Dependability, Agreeableness and Openness. Directionality of effects were CpG location-dependent and confirmed a role of serotonergic methylation in reducing anxiety (Dominance) and aggression related personality (Reactivity/Undependability) while simultaneously promoting prosocial (Agreeableness) and exploratory personality (Openness). While early-life adversity has been shown to impact serotonergic methylation patterns in other species, here, atypical early social rearing experiences only had a modest impact on CpG methylation levels in this chimpanzee sample. While the precise environmental factors impacting serotonergic methylation in chimpanzees thus remain to be identified, our study suggests a role in shaping natural variation in animal personality. The results of this study offer a basis for future hypothesis driven testing in additional populations and species to better understand the impact of ecology and evolution on complex behavioral traits.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Socioeconomic Effects, and Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study in 2020, Iran
Authors: Fereidooni Reza , Mootz Jennifer , Sabaei Rasoul , Khoshnood Kaveh , Heydari Seyed Taghi , Moradian Mohammad Javad , Taherifard Erfan , Nasirian Maryam , Molavi Vardanjani Hossein
Published: October 2022

Objectives. To investigate the prevalence, pattern, and socioeconomic risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) before and 6 months after the pandemic onset among a cohort of Iranian women.

Methods. We conducted a population-based IPV survey among 2502 partnered Iranian women aged 18 to 60 years before (n = 2502) and 6 months after (n=2116) the pandemic’s onset. We estimated prevalence and incidence of psychological, physical, and sexual IPV, and the odds of different forms of IPV associated with main exposure variables, adjusted for participant relationship factors.

Results. Pandemic prevalence of IPV (65.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 63.4%, 67.4%) was higher than prepandemic prevalence (54.2%; 95% CI = 52.2%, 56.3%). At follow-up, the incidence of IPV was 25.5% (95% CI = 22.9%, 28.4%). The highest incidence was in cases of physical and sexual IPV. Women whose partners lost their employment were at significant risk of new exposure to IPV. Highest socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with less physical IPV (odds ratio = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.14).

Conclusions. IPV prevalence has risen since the COVID-19 epidemic began with many women who had never experienced IPV now facing it. Unemployment of women or their partners and prepandemic lower socioeconomic status are risk factors of IPV. Monitoring programs should target these populations. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(2):228–237. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306839 )
Charitable organizations and media monitoring in China: A validation analysis using an evolutionary model
Authors: Tao Xia , Sindakis Stavros , Chen Charles , Theodorou Panagiotis
Published: October 2022

Media supervision plays an indispensable role in social governance. Based on the evolutionary model theory, a model involving government, media, and charitable organizations is constructed. Our study claims to highlight the influence of media supervision on the strategic behavior of charitable organizations and government supervision departments. The research finds a certain degree of a substitution relationship between media supervision and government supervision; the intensification of media supervision is conducive to encouraging government regulatory departments to choose regulatory strategies and charitable organizations to choose legal and compliant operation strategies. The National Kidney Foundation event in Singapore and the Spring Bud Project event of China Children and Teenagers’ Foundation were taken as cases to verify and respond to the important influence of media supervision in charitable organizations.
Causes of Financial Improvement in Sub-Saharan African Countries: should rule of law be considered?
Authors: Adeyemi Adeyinka Emmanuel , David Oladipo Olalekan
Published: October 2022

Looking into the contributing factor of financial improvement in sub-Saharan Africa, this study pulls its basis from the McKinnon-Shaw model of financial liberalization and Schumpeter's innovation model. The ability to link financial institutions to financial development influences the choice of explanatory variables in this study, in addition to other important determinants proposed in the previous relevant study. We used a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimates on the way to establish relationships among variables. Both static and dynamic models show that GDP per capita is not always a full-size variable to explain the financial improvement. However, past financial improvements and the rule of law are life-size variables that explain financial improvements. The rule of law has proven to be one of the institutional factors considered and an important factor in explaining financial improvement. From this, it can be inferred that the rule of law and the impact of past financial growth remain decisive variables for the financial improvement of sub-Saharan Africa.
Does virtual reality enhance the effects of inhibitory control training for loss-of-control eating? A factorial experiment
Authors: Manasse Stephanie M. , Trainor Claire , Payne-Reichert Adam , Abber Sophie R. , Lampe Elizabeth W. , Gillikin Lindsay M. , Juarascio Adrienne S. , Forman Evan M.
Published: October 2022

Inhibitory control, the ability to inhibit one’s automatic responses to desirable stimuli, may be inadequately targeted in interventions for loss-of-control eating. Promising evidence has identified inhibitory control trainings (ICTs) as an avenue to target inhibitory control directly; however, effects of ICTs on real-world behavior are limited. Compared to typical computerized trainings, virtual reality presents several potential advantages that may address key shortcomings of traditional ICTs, i.e. poor approximation to everyday life. The present study utilized a 2x2 factorial design of treatment type (ICT vs sham) by treatment modality (VR vs standard computer) to examine 1) the feasibility and acceptability of six weeks of daily training; 2) the main and interactive effects of treatment type and modality on target engagement and efficacy (i.e., training compliance, change in LOC eating episodes, inhibitory control, and implicit liking of foods). Participants (N = 35) with ≥ 1x/weekly LOC eating were assigned to one of four conditions and completed ICTs daily for six weeks. The treatment was feasible and acceptable, which was supported by high retention and compliance across time and condition. Although completing daily trainings across treatment types and modalities was associated with large decreases in LOC, there were no significant effects of either treatment type or modality, nor a significant interaction effect, on LOC or mechanistic variables. The mechanism driving overall improvements in LOC may be increased goal salience; future research should test whether goal salience interventions may be an effective and highly disseminable treatment option for LOC eating.
An anthropometric study of the morphological facial index of Tibetan youth living in Tibet
Authors: Zhong Hua , Tong Qinghua , Pema Dorjee , Ren Hailong
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to understand gender differences and variations in facial indices among Tibetans and to create and evaluate anthropometric data on facial morphology. The study population consisted of 479 native Tibetans (242 males and 237 females) aged 18–24 years. The median facial width was 134.00 mm for males and 134.40 mm for females; the difference between the genders was not statistically significant. The median facial height was 108.00 mm for males and 115.00 mm for females; the difference between the genders was statistically significant (Z = 5.014, p = 0.000). The median morphological facial index was 80.29 for males and 85.83 for females; the difference between the genders was statistically significant (Z = 3.800, p = 0.000). The proportion of the Tibetan male facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (45.6%) > euryprosopic (31.1%) > mesoprosopic (18.7%) > leptoprosopic (3.3%) > hyperleptoprosopic (1.2%). The proportion of the Tibetan female facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (25.5%) > mesoprosopic (22.6%) > euryprosopic (21.7%) > leptoprosopic (17.4%) > hyperleptoprosopic (12.8%). Facial width was positively correlated with height (male r = 0.306, p = 0.000; female r = 0.144, p = 0.027), weight (r = 0.470, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.337, p = 0.000 for females), and BMI (r = 0.378, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.291, p = 0.000 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with height (r = 0.329, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.137, p = 0.035 for females) and weight (r = 0.391, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.170, p = 0.009 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with BMI in Tibetan males (r = 0.293, p = 0.000), but no significant correlation was found in Tibetan females. The morphological facial index of Tibetans was positively correlated with age (r = 0.183, p = 0.004 for males; r = 0.171, p = 0.009 for females). The results indicated that Tibetan youth in Tibet have a predominantly hypereuryprosopic facial shape and that facial features are related to age, height, and weight. Some common facial morphology features exist among the Tibet Tibetans, northeastern Indians, and Nepalese in the three different regions of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The data from this study provide basic information for the study of Tibetans in the fields of physical anthropology, forensic medicine, maxillofacial surgery, and plastic surgery.
Evaluation of the risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Hospitalization in Vaccinated and Previously Infected Subjects Based on Real World Data.
Authors: Rossi Maicol Andrea , Cena Tiziana , Binala Jefferson , Alessi Daniela , Scotti Lorenza , Faggiano Fabrizio
Published: October 2022

Background. The objective of our study was to determine the joint protective effect of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on the risk of a new infection and hospitalization.
Methods. Two case-control studies nested in a cohort of COVID-19 patients cared for by the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Vercelli, Italy, were performed, one to estimate the risk of infection and the second to estimate the risk of hospitalization. Each new infection and hospitalization was matched with up to 4 disease-free subjects who were the same age, sex and index date (i.e., controls). Study subjects were followed up from cohort entry date to disease outcome, end of follow-up or emigration.
Results. Vaccination was associated with a 36% (OR 0.64; 95%CI 0.62-0.66) and 90% (OR 0.10; 95%CI 0.07-0.14) reduction in the risk of infection and hospitalization, respectively. Prior infection was associated with a 65% (OR 0.35; 95%CI 0.30-0.40) and 90% (OR 0.10; 95%CI 0.07-0.14) reduction in the risk of infection and hospitalization, respectively. Vaccinated and recovered subjects showed a 63% (OR 0.37; 95%CI 0.34-0.14) and 98% (OR 0.02; 95%CI 0-0.13) reduction in the risk of infection and hospitalization, respectively.
Conclusions. Vaccination remains an essential public health tool for preventing severe forms of COVID-19. As the Omicron variant has significantly hampered vaccine effectiveness, it will be crucial to ascertain whether the administration of additional booster doses can counteract the ongoing pandemic.
Factors motivating PLWHVA to disclose status to sexual partners: A scoping review
Authors: Molato Boitumelo J , Sibeko Zandile R , Moloko-Phiri Salaminah S , Racoco Kagiso , Thwala Ricardo N , Matsipane Molekodi J
Published: October 2022

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a public health problem that has destroyed the lives of many people worldwide. As it continues to spread, disclosure of HIV status is fundamental to mitigate the spread of virus, expedite various types of support and improve and well-being of people living with HIV (PLWHVA). Disclosure is a process that takes place without coercion, as PLWHVA should do it voluntarily. Various people are disclosing their HIV statuses to their partners for different reasons. Literature revealed the most of PLWHVA disclosed their HIV statuses to their partners in Sub-Sahara Africa.
Methods
This paper adopted a scoping literature review to achieve the objectives. The following five steps of scoping literature review were the blueprint to guide this paper, namely identifying the research question, identifying the relevant studies, selecting studies, charting data, and finally collating, summarising and reporting the results.
Results
Two themes and six sub-themes emerged from this review. The first theme was facilitation of support and sub-themes were partner support, emotional support, social support, and financial support. The second theme that emerged from this review was health promotion, and sub-themes were protecting loved ones from being infected and enhances medication adherence.
Conclusion
The PLWHVA disclosed their HIV statuses for partners to support them through the entire journey of the illness. The support received from the partners included financial support to enable them to travel to the respective facilities to collect medication. In addition, they needed social and emotional support during difficult times.