bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Reservoir Porosity Estimation Using an Enhanced Group Method of Data Handling with Differential Evolution Model and Explainable Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Mkono Christopher N. , Chuanbo Shen , Mulashani Alvin K. , Abelly Elieneza N. , Kasala Erasto E. , Shanghvi Eric R. , Emmanuely Baraka L. , Mokobodi Thabiso
Published: February 2025

Reservoir characterization is critical to the oil and gas industry, influencing field development, production optimization, hydraulic fracturing, and reserves estimation decisions. Accurately estimating porosity is crucial for reservoir characterization, well planning, and production optimization in the oil and gas industry. Traditional porosity determination methods, such as porosimetry, geostatistical, and core analysis, often involve complex geological and geophysical models, which are expensive and time-consuming. This study used the integrated machine learning and optimization model of differential evolution (DE) with group method of data handling (GMDH-DE) to estimate the porosity using integrated well log and core data from the Mpyo oil field, Uganda. The GMDH-DE demonstrates superior performance compared with conventional GMDH, support vector regression (SVR), and random forest (RF), achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9925 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0017 during training, an R² of 0.9845 with an RMSE of 0.0121 during testing, and when validated the R2 was 0.9825 with RMSE of 0.00018. A key novelty of this work is the integration of Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), which provides an interpretable analysis of the model’s input features. SHAP reveals that bulk density (RHOB) and neutron porosity (NPHI) are the most critical parameters for porosity estimation, offering valuable insight into features importance. The proposed GMDH-DE model and SHAP analysis represent a novel and independent approach for accurate porosity estimation and interpretability, significantly enhancing the efficiency and reliability of hydrocarbon exploration and development.
Balancing exploration and exploitation in genetic algorithm with a novel selection operator
Authors: Rafique Fahad , Cui Hengjian
Published: February 2025

The genetic algorithm (GA) is a widely recognized optimization technique for addressing complex and NP-hard problems; however, its effectiveness is often hampered by issues such as premature convergence and population diversity. The selection operator, which determines the probability of individuals being chosen for reproduction, significantly influences its performance. This study presents a novel selection operator, which is specifically designed to strike a balance between selection pressure and the preservation of population diversity. At the first stage, we derived the mathematical properties and assessed the sampling accuracy using Pearson’s chi-square test. For global investigation, we test its performance on benchmark TSPLIB instances and a real-world dataset of Pakistan's city coordinates in the context of the traveling salesman problem (TSP). The results indicate that the newly proposed operator either outperforms or equals the performance of other operators across key metrics, demonstrating superior stability as the dataset size increases. These findings suggest that our operator presents a promising solution for large-scale optimization challenges, such as TSP and other real-world applications.
The Influence of Mitophagy and Apoptosis on The Embryo Development in Kartagener and Globozoospermia Cases
Authors: KÜTÜK DUYGU , ÖNER ÇAĞRI , AKÇAY BERKAY , OLCAY İBRAHİM ORÇUN , ÇOLAK ERTUĞRUL , SELAM BELGİN
Published: February 2025

In this case study, we aimed to detect the gene expression profiles in two rare male infertility syndromes. The first syndrome is Globozoospermia which occurs via detecting acrosomal-free spherical sperm. Another rare and genetic syndrome is known as primary ciliary dyskinesia, Kartagener Syndrome which is caused by mutations that affect the motility of cilia. We aimed to identify the role of apoptosis and mitophagy genetic markers in embryonic waste culture medium of Globozoospermia and Kartagener Syndrome cases. Waste embryo culture medium samples of Globoospermia and Kartagener patients were collected. Total RNAs were isolated and MFN1, MFN2, Cyt C and p53 gene expressions were determined by using RT-PCR. KS sample with developing embryos have the lowest apoptotic pathway activity compared to both arrest KS and NR samples (p<0.001).
Although there is a genetic component to about half of cases of infertility, many genetic reasons of infertility in humans are still unknown. Over the past two decades, the discovery of gene variants related with infertility in patients has been made easier by the development of high-throughput sequencing tools.
Hyperglycemia induces histological abnormalities and dysregulates angiotensin-converting enzymes and inflammatory signaling in zebrafish brain: Possible relationship with memory impairment
Authors: Claro¹ Mariana Torri , Santos¹ Matheus Mülling dos , de Macedo¹ Gabriel Teixeira , Müller¹ Talise Ellwanger , Ferreira¹ Sabrina Antunes , Ajayi Babajide Oluwaseun , Rocha¹ João Batista Teixeira da , Barbosa Nilda de Vargas
Published: February 2025

Dysregulation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), through the actions of angiotensin-converting enzymes significantly impacts inflammatory responses. Recent studies have demonstrated the relevance of RAS in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), where outcomes worsen in diabetic patients. We investigate the effects of hyperglycemia on RAS components and inflammatory gene expression in adult zebrafish brain. Hyperglycemia was induced by exposing zebrafish to a 111 mM glucose solution for 14 days. Behavioral tasks were conducted to evaluate learning/memory and anxiety-like behavior. After fasting, blood glucose levels were measured, and brain collected for histological and q-RT-PCR analyses. Exposure to glucose resulted in a significant hyperglycemic state, inducing anxiety-like phenotypes and impairing learning and memory. These alterations were followed by an upregulation of ace and a downregulation of ace2 brain transcripts. Additionally, there was an increase in the transcript levels of the gene adam17a. Furthermore, hyperglycemia increased the transcript levels of il-6, il-10, and il-1β, along with a decrease in rela transcripts. Several histological abnormalities were found in the telencephalon, cerebellum and optic tectum of hyperglycemic fish, including neuronal and synaptic loss, gliosis, edema and necrosis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that hyperglycemia significantly disrupts behavioral and cognitive functions in adult zebrafish. These conditions correlate with dysregulated expression of critical components of RAS and inflammatory markers, suggesting a potential neuroinflammatory pathway that may underlie the observed neurodegenerative effects in brain. The dysregulation of angiotensin-converting enzymes signaling, which play critical roles in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, may exacerbate inflammation and contribute to the neurological complications associated with the disease.
Comparison between surgical outcomes of the minipterional and pterional approaches in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients
Authors: Gunnarut Ittipon , Buakate Kritsada
Published: February 2025

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage is a condition which entails high rates of morbidity and mortality. Effective interventions range from conservative treatment to surgical management. The minipterional approach is an alternative, minimally invasive method used to treat various lesions. This report aims to compare the clinical outcomes and length of hospital stay resulting from the minipterional and pterional approaches in basal ganglion hemorrhage.
Results Demographic Data: The age of patients who underwent the pterional approach was significantly higher than that of the minipterional group.
Clinical Outcomes: The minipterional group had better postoperative Glasgow Coma Scores and shorter length of hospital stay than their counterparts in the conventional group.
Conclusion The minipterional approach is an effective alternative for treating hypertensive basal ganglion hemorrhage, yielding shorter hospital stays and better outcomes.
Tuning Cyanide Coordination Electronic Structure Enables Stable Prussian Blue Analogues for Sodium-ion Batteries
Authors: Zuo Pengjian , Wang Yuanheng , Yan Jiaxin , Xie Bingxing , Meng Yan , Fu Chuankai , Kong Fanpeng , Wang Xingyu , Zhou Qingjie , Chen Xin , Li Jianting , Du Chunyu , Wang Liguang
Published: February 2025

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) with 3D cyanide-bridged frameworks exhibit significant potential as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, the dissolution of transition metals and structural distortion often lead to structural instability, causing serious capacity degradation during cycling. Fundamental understanding and tuning the coordination electronic structure to mitigate PBAs instability remain challenging. Herein, we address these challenges by modulating the local electronic structure surrounding high-spin metals to optimize the cyanide coordination environment, enabling a uniform electron distribution within the crystal structure. The resulting uniform electronic structure enhances the reactivity of the transition metals, which helps to achieve 95.7% of the theoretical capacity. More importantly, the regulation of electronic displacement within the cyanide coordination environment significantly improves the crystal structural stability, yielding an impressive capacity retention of 91.7% after 1000 cycles. These findings provide new insights into the coordination structural chemistry of PBAs and offer valuable guidance for the development of advanced cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
Effects of Losartan, Rapamycin, Doxycycline and Botulinum Toxin A: An Experimentally Induced Urethral Trauma Model in Rats
Authors: Baltik Mücahit , Ergün Osman , Koşar Pınar Aslan , Onaran İbrahim , Tepebaşı Muhammet Yusuf
Published: February 2025

Purpose
To assess the antifibrotic efficacy of losartan, rapamycin, doxycycline, and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in an experimentally induced urethral trauma rat model.
Methods
Sixty male rats were assigned to six groups; sham (n = 10), stricture (n = 10), losartan (n = 10), rapamycin (n = 10), doxycycline (n = 10), and BTX-A (n = 10). The sham group was exposed to only a penoscrotal incision. In the other groups, 10 watt electrocoagulation with a duration of one second was applied at 5 mm intervals to three points on the urethra. Ten units of BTX-A (0.5 ml) was injected into the submucosal tissue following electrocoagulation in the BTX-A group. Losartan (30 mg/kg/day), doxycycline (10 mg/kg/day), and rapamycin (2 mg/kg/day) were administered for 14 days postoperatively by oral gavage to the other three groups. The animals were sacrificed on the 14th days, and their urethral tissues were removed.
Results
All treatment groups exhibited superiority over the stenosis groups with improvements in fibrosis, inflammation, vascular congestion, epithelial degeneration, and submucosal hemorrhage (p < 0.001). The treatment groups emerged as superior to the stenosis group with decreased interleukin-1β expression (p < 0,001). The mean gene values improved significantly in all treatment groups compared with those in the stenosis group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
All treatment groups showed reduced fibrosis. This research is the first to use losartan and doxycycline in urethral stenosis. Further data are needed regarding the use of these drugs for urethral stenosis.
Isorhapontigenin is a novel potential therapeutic agent for lung cancer： evidence from network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking and in vitro experiments
Authors: Wu Zhiyu , Hou Chengyu , Zhu Qiulin , Huang Zixia , Lu Zesheng , Shen Chunhui , Wang Zhenhui , Liu Yanzhong , Kang Yanfen , Wang JiYong
Published: February 2025

Background: Isorhapontigenin is an effective active ingredient in rheum officinale, which has been reported to have anti-tumor effects. However, its effect and molecular mechanism on non-small cell lung cancer are still unclear. Methods: Firstly, potential therapeutic targets of Isorhapontigenin against non-small cell lung cancer were obtained through network pharmacology analysis. Secondly, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify key targets and potential signaling pathway mechanisms based on the obtained potential targets. Then, evaluate the binding ability between Isorhapontigenin and key targets using computer molecular docking strategies. Finally, in vitro cell experiments were conducted to verify the effects and related targets of Isorhapontigenin on non-small cell lung cancer cells. Results: 104 drug targets and 6688 disease targets were acquired from SwissTarget prediction, BATMAN-TCM, STITCH and Genecards databases.79 potential therapeutic targets were identified through analysis based on online Venn website and PPI interaction analysis was performed on these targets to ultimately obtain 55 key targets. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that Isorhapontigenin mainly act on cell proliferation and cycle processes and PI3K/RELA/Cellcyle pathways to against non-small cell lung cancer. Computer molecular docking confirmed that Isorhapontigenin can bind to cell proliferation, cycle related proteins (CCND1, CDK2, PIK3CA, RELA). CCK-8 detection revealed that Isorhapontigenin significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC9 lung cancer cells, Moreover, RT-PCR detection showed that Isorhapontigenin downregulated the expression of CCND1, CDK2, PIK3CA and RELA genes. CCND1, CDK2, PIK3CA and RELA are highly expressed in NSCLC tissues. Overall survival analysis of patients indicated that key genes in the PIK3CA and NF-κBp65 signaling pathway significantly affected overall survival. Conclusion: Our research has found that Isorhapontigenin can effectively against non-small cell lung cancer, and this effect may be achieved by inhibiting cell proliferation and cycle progression mediated by the PIK3CA/NF-KB signaling pathway. Isorhapontigenin is a new potential therapeutic agent for lung cancer.
Do We Dream About the People We See Every Day?: A Longitudinal Test of the Social Simulation Theory of Dreaming
Authors: Balch John , Raider Rachel , Reed Chanel , McNamara Patrick
Published: February 2025

Researchers have established that dreams are intensely social and populated by diverse characters, including important figures from the dreamer’s daily life. This study examines the types of characters that appeared in participant dreams over two weeks. We found that the majority of dreams include strangers in addition to known individuals, and that personality measures impact the likelihood of dreaming about different types of people. Appearance of known individuals from daily life in dreams was assessed by comparing dream reports to the core support networks of participants and daily diaries. We found that relationship-specific variables and daily interaction were important predictors of the likelihood of support network dream appearances. While daily interaction generally increases the likelihood of dream appearances, this effect is reversed for important family members like parents or siblings, indicating that dreams may play a compensatory role in maintaining relationships with close others when they are not present.
Do fistula flow rate and fistula location have any effects on heart failure developing in patients with arteriovenous fistula?
Authors: Yümün Gündüz , Donbaloğlu Mehmet Okan , Gürkan Selami , Gür Özcan , Demirkıran Aykut
Published: February 2025

Background
This study aims to explore the effects of arteriovenous fistula locations in the arm and fistula flow rates on the potential development of heart failure in patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF).
Material and Methods
A total of 116 patients with AVF due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) were retrospectively reviewed between January 2022 and August 2022. Fifty-six patients with distal AVFs and 60 with proximal AVFs were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic (ECHO) characteristics. Fistula flow rates were assessed using Doppler ultrasonography (DUS), while cardiac parameters were evaluated with ECHO. The correlation between fistula location and cardiac parameters was analyzed using ROC analysis.
Results
The mean AVF blood flow rate (Qa) was 1.47 (0.57–2.9) L/min for proximal fistulas and 0.85 (0.52–2.3) L/min for distal fistulas. There were statistically significant differences between the proximal and distal AVF groups regarding cardiac index (CI), cardiac output (CO), and cardiopulmonary recirculation (CPR) values (P < 0.001). According to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, Class III can be categorized as high cardiac output failure (HCOF), as CI was calculated at 6.87 ± 1.65 L/min/m² (4.7–9.4), Qa at 2.60 L/min (2.1–2.9), and CO at 8.08 ± 0.69 L/min.
Conclusions
When heart failure develops in patients with AVF, underlying heart disease should not be the sole factor considered. Proximal high-flow AVFs, in particular, may contribute to heart failure development and warrant careful monitoring.
Evaluation on Fufang Congrong Yizhi Capsules (FCYC) of cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage (CONPAIR) : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mo Mengting , Wang Wengang , Lu Mingjing , Zhao Junhui , Wang Shengyong , Ren Jie , Zhao Mangsuo , Zhang Qihui
Published: February 2025

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and disability rates, which places a significant social burden. Robot-assisted neurosurgery with precise positioning and high stability has become an important advance in the development of minimally invasive surgery for ICH. Cognitive impairment is a common complication in patients with ICH, which seriously affects the stroke rehabilitation process. We are not sure about the medication treatment for cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH. In this CONPAIR trial, we will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Fufang Congrong Yizhi Capsules (FCYC) for cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH.
Methods and analysis In this multicentrer, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH, we assessed medical management. Two hundred patients will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group will receive conventional treatment and oral administration of FCYC for 12 weeks or the control group will receive only conventional treatment. The primary safety end point was death within 30 days after enrollment.
Ethics and management The Case Report Form (CRF) will be completed and signed by well-trained researchers. We will monitor and promptly report adverse events throughout the trial. The privacy and data of the subjects will be safeguarded. Research Ethics Board approval has been obtained.
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT06673602
Low-dose testosterone administration and estrogen synthase availability in the female brain
Authors: Comasco Erika , Dubol Manon , Jonasson My , Takahashi Kayo , Wikström Johan , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Antoni Gunnar , Lubberink Mark , Biegon Anat , Sundström-Poromaa Inger
Published: February 2025

Testosterone and estrogens play significant roles in female physiology, extending beyond reproductive functions to influence brain health, mood regulation, and behavior. Testosterone low-dosage therapy is increasingly considered for alleviating sexual dysfunction symptoms in women, and has been recently proposed as therapy for depressive symptoms, though the mechanisms and safety of this approach are not entirely clear. Specifically, the effects of testosterone use on brain estrogen synthase (aromatase), which maintains the balance between androgens and estrogens, remain unexplored. This study investigated the effects of short-term, low-dose testosterone administration on brain estrogen synthase availability and associated mood and behavioral changes in healthy premenopausal women. Healthy women (aged 22–33) were exposed to one week of low-dose testosterone (10 mg/day). Availability of estrogen synthase was examined by [11C]cetrozole positron emission tomography before and after testosterone exposure. Psychometric assessments of depression, anxiety, and aggression were administered at the same times. Peripheral testosterone levels were significantly increased (up to 33-fold) by the treatment, which had no significant effect on brain estrogen synthase availability. Psychometric measures of depression, anxiety, and aggression also remained unchanged post-treatment. These findings suggest that short-term, clinically relevant testosterone administration does not impact the brain androgen-estrogen conversion in healthy premenopausal women, which may reassure patients with hypoactive sexual desire disorder considering this treatment modality. Larger, long-term studies are needed to confirm these results and explore effects in patients with diverse symptoms and treated with testosterone.
A Rare Case of Advanced CKD with Extensive Cystic Renal Disease causing Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Shrestha Aron , Acharya Kshitiz , Giri Subarna , Timla Bipashna , Bhattarai Renish , Lal Vibhav
Published: February 2025

Background
Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) occurs in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), leading to renal cyst formation. Although typically asymptomatic, large cysts can cause unusual complications like gastrointestinal obstruction.
Case presentation
An 18-year-old female with stage V chronic kidney disease developed abdominal distension and bowel obstruction caused by a large renal cyst. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis, and conservative management with fluid control, dialysis, and infection management was initiated.
Conclusion
This case highlights the rare presentation of bowel obstruction due to ACKD and emphasizes the importance of early imaging and a multidisciplinary approach in managing such complications.
Clinical trial number: not applicable
The burden of thyroid cancer is associated with the level of national development in Asia: Evidence from 1990–2021 for 47 countries
Authors: Qin Wenyi , Lin Jiong , Luo Haiqing , Yu Lili
Published: February 2025

Objective
The aim was to examine the temporal patterns of the thyroid cancer (TC) burden and its association with the national development level.
Methods
The estimates of the incidence and mortality of TC for 47 countries were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study for the period from 1990 to 2021. The human development level of each country was measured using the human development index (HDI), Social Progress Imperative (SPI) index, Nutrition and Medical Care (NMC) index, Density of Doctors per 100,000 people (DOD) and Personal Healthcare Spending (PHS) as summary indicators of health, education, and income reflecting the national development level. The associations between the burden of TC and these indices were measured via a scatterplot matrix, correlation heatmap and principal component analysis (PCA) plot. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was employed as a proxy for the survival rate of patients with TC.
Results
The total number of TC-related deaths increased from 10,477 [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 9,394–12,252] in 1990 to 27,187 [95% UI, 23,128–30,091] in 2021 across all age groups. Asia accounted for 62.8% of the TC cases worldwide in 2021. In the working-age population, this mean number of deaths was 2,729 [3,243–2,394], and the incidence of TC increased from 1.41 cases per 100,000 people [1.23–1.63] in 1990 to 3.36 cases per 100,000 people [2.81–3.90] in 2021. In terms of TC incidence, very high- and high-HDI countries accounted for nine of the top ten countries. The total incidence rate of TC in the working-age population was positively correlated with four indicators, namely, the HDI (Corr = 0.365*), IHDI (Corr = 0.336*), SPI index (Corr = 0.384*), and NMC index (Corr = 0.332*), of which the incidence rate among males (Corr = 0.594***, 0.541***, 0.544*** and 0.616***), in particular, was strongly correlated with the indicators of social development. In terms of mortality, the HDI (Corr=-0.401*), IHDI (Corr=-0.387*), NMC index (Corr=-0.437**) and PHS (Corr=-0.446**) were negatively correlated with the total mortality rate. The global MIR decreased from 0.135 in 1990 to 0.068 in 2021. As seen from the data, Asia's working-age population presented a 21.1% increase in TC mortality and a 138% increase in TC incidence.
Conclusion
The increasing burden of TC within the working-age population across Asia has resulted in an overall increase in the incidence of TC, especially in developed countries, although the overall prognosis has gradually improved. Fewer developed countries should invest more in international cooperation and local research and development, including the management of primary healthcare systems and the development of high-level healthcare centres.
Risk factors associated with Indian Type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease: CITE study, A Cross-sectional, Real-world, Observational Study
Authors: Kumar A , Mazumdar A , Bhattacharjee AK , Gupta A , Dasgupta A , Sinha B , Saboo B , Selvan C , Goyal G , Balaji J , Seshadri KG , Gangopadhyay KK , Kumar G Vijay , Chawla M , Sikdar M , Deka N , Singh NK , Chawla P , Jethwani P , Kovil R , Ghosal S , Ray S , Chatterjee S , Chandrasekharan S , Das S , Ghosh S , Patange S , Reddy S , T Surekha
Published: February 2025

Background:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Identifying clinical and laboratory associations with CKD in T2D can assist physicians in targeting modifiable risk factors. In light of limited data from India, the CITE (CKD in Indian T2D Evaluation) study was conducted.
Methods:
The multicenter, cross-sectional CITE study included 3,325 patients from 28 centres across India over three months. CKD was defined as a persistent decline in kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min for ≥ 3 months) or an elevated urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in at least two samples. Descriptive statistics summarised patient characteristics, while logistic regression analyses identified significant risk factors for CKD.
Results:
The prevalence of CKD in T2D was 34%, with a median patient age of 59.9 years and 60.72% having a T2D duration of more than 10 years. Reduced eGFR (< 60 ml/min) was significantly associated with age ≥ 60 years (OR: 2.46, 95% CI 2.11–2.87, P < 0.001), T2D duration of more than 10 years (OR: 2.27, 95% CI 1.76–2.92, P < 0.001), HbA1c (OR: 1.04, 95% CI 1.00–1.08, P = 0.03), and SBP (OR: 1.005, 95% CI 1.002–1.009, P < 0.001). Macroalbuminuria (UACR > 300 mg/g) was linked to a non-vegetarian diet (OR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.59–2.39, P < 0.001) and tobacco use (OR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.14–1.65, P = 0.001). CKD also increased the odds of comorbidities.
Conclusion:
The CITE study highlights the prevalence and risk factors of CKD in Indian T2D patients. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate these associations further.
Biocompatible Sulfonium-Based Covalent Probes For Endogenous Tubulin Fluorescence Nanoscopy In Live And Fixed Cells
Authors: Lukinavičius Gražvydas , Auvray Marie , Koenen Tanja , Dybkov Olexandr , Urlaub Henning
Published: February 2025

Fluorescent probes enable the visualization of dynamic cellular processes with high precision, particularly when coupled with super-resolution imaging techniques that surpass the diffraction limit. Traditional methods include fluorescent protein fusion (e.g., GFP) or organic fluorophores linked to ligands targeting the protein of interest. However, these approaches often introduce functional disruptions or ligand-associated biological effects. Herein, we address these challenges by developing covalent fluorescent probes for endogenous tubulin, a critical cytoskeletal protein involved in processes such as cell movement, division, and biomolecule trafficking. Using well-known tubulin binder cabazitaxel and cell permeable fluorophore silicon-rhodamine as a basis, we introduce a novel biocompatible cleavable linker containing a sulfonium center. This allowed the construction of the optimized probe, 6-SiR-o-C9-CTX, demonstrating excellent cell permeability, fluorogenic properties, and the ability to covalently label tubulin across various human cell lines. Importantly, the targeting moiety could be washed out while preserving tubulin staining, ensuring minimal disruption of tubulin function. This labeling technique is compatible with STED nanoscopy in both live and fixed cells, offering a powerful high-resolution imaging tool.
Review of Wing Morphology in Fossil and Modern Species of Humpbacked Flies (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: Herbert Mélanie C.M. , Nel André , Brown Brian V. , Arillo Antonio , Boudinot Brendon E. , Solórzano-Kraemer Mónica M.
Published: February 2025

The wing veins of known fossil and living phorids are reduced, making them difficult to homologise. Consequently, different interpretations have led to much confusion over the years. However, veins are crucial for phylogenetic and taxonomy studies, especially for fossils. We addressed these challenges by studying Cretaceous specimens, which exhibit fewer reductions in wing veins compared to modern fauna, along with post-Cretaceous specimens that display recent wing patterns. Additionally, we examined related families such as Ironomyiidae, Platypezidae, Opetiidae, and Lonchopteridae to show wing similarities to the Phoridae. The results led to the proposal of two wing models that include the majority of veins found in each taxon. The early model (Phoridae sensu lato, including Sciadocerinae + “†Prioriphorinae”) consists of most Cretaceous species, except †Metopina goeleti from New Jersey amber, which displays a recent pattern. The recent model (Phoridae sensu stricto, i.e. Euphorida) is present in the majority of recent phorids. These newly proposed wing models facilitate rapid identification of Phoridae wing veins based on their degree of reduction. Based on this new interpretation, we re-evaluate three holotypes of Phoridae: †Euliphora grimaldii, †Prioriphora schroederhohenwarthi, and †Ulrichophora lobata. Additionally, we described a Phoridae specimen belonging to †Prioriphorain the Fouras-Bois Vert amber (France) and a new genus within the Ironomyiidae family in the San Just amber (Spain). Both findings represent the first record of these taxa in their respective localities.
Waiting List Mortality and Potential Risk Factors in Lung Transplant Candidates: A Single- Center Data
Authors: Saribas Ertan , Halis Ayse Nigar , Citak Sevinc , Kazan Ahmet Murat , Alkilic Fatma Feyza , Vayvada Mustafa , Cardak Murat Ersin , Tasci Ahmet Erdal
Published: February 2025

Objective
Lung transplantation (LTx) is a critical treatment for end-stage lung disease; however, the availability of donor lungs is limited. This study aimed to assess survival durations, mortality risk factors, and waiting list mortality in patients listed for transplantation at a single-center setting.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients listed for lung transplantation at Kartal Koşuyolu Specialized Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2017, and May 1, 2023. The patients were categorized into five groups: Obstructive, Vascular, Suppurative, Major Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia (IIP), and others. Kaplan-Meier analysis, the log-rank test, and Cox regression analyses were employed to identify mortality risk factors.
Results
Of the 202 patients listed for transplantation, 66.8% (n = 135) were male, with a mean age of 42.9 ± 15.25 years. A total of 34.7% (n = 70) of the patients died while on the waiting list. The Major IIP group had the highest mortality rate (47.7%). Significant mortality risk factors included height, Major IIP and vascular group status, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs), ECHO TAPSE/PAPs ratio, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). A PAPs value of 52 or higher significantly increased mortality risk by 3.992 times. The vascular group had the lowest survival time (15.61 ± 4.98 months).
Conclusion
Donor shortages extend the waiting time for lung transplantations. Identifying the factors that influence waiting list mortality and survival is crucial for optimizing clinical management. The high mortality rates of Major IIP and vascular diseases emphasize the need for careful listing timing and risk assessment.
Quantra Q-plus Point of Care Coagulation Analysis Reduces Blood Product Cost Burden in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Spiess Bruce D. , Burger Melissa A. , Peng Yong G. , Garvan Cynthia , Kamyszek Reed W. , Landolt Luke P. , Arnaoutakis George
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite long standing blood management guidelines for cardiac surgery, VET is underutilized, and fewer institutions employ new real-time operating room-based POC-VET. We evaluated the cost effects of POC-VET coagulopathy management at a single institution when the technology was implemented.
Hypothesis: The hypothesis was that POC-VET-guided reduction in blood transfusion, wastage, and pro-thrombotic pharmaceuticals generated cost savings.
Methods: 596 patients were analyzed from a time prior to POC-VET coagulation management and 253 after implementing the Quantra Qplus system (Hemosonics LLC). Blood component and pharmaceutical costs were estimated from available literature to develop blood acquisition costs, two models of total hospital blood costs and pharmaceutical costs. All models were standardized to 500 patients.
Results: Estimated direct acquisition costs of components were reduced by 16%, from $643,610 (Pre-PBM) to $540,500 (PBM-Quantra) per 500 patients. Estimated total hospital costs of transfusions were reduced between 17.5-18.3% (Model 1: $2,488,418 Pre-PBM vs. $2,053,900 PBM-Quantra; Model 2: $3,868,840 Pre-PBM vs. $3,159,525 PBM-Quantra). Estimated direct costs for blood component wastage were reduced by 86.2% ($175,000 PRE-PBM vs $24,195 PBM-Quantra per 500 patients). Estimated total costs for blood product were reduced by 86.2-85.8% (Model 1: $665,076 Pre-PBM vs. $91,941 PBM-Quantra; Model 2: $1,031,157 Pre-PBM Quantra vs $146,687 PBM-Quantra, all per 500 patients.) Pharmaceutical costs were reduced from $226,353 to $162,740 per 500 patients. Overall combined amortize savings per patient were between $635 to $3,315.
Conclusions: This study showed that adoption of the Quantra Qplus POC-VET resulted in significant cost savings of unnecessary transfusions, less ordering of coagulation components and pro-coagulant pharmaceuticals. Cost containment and effective allocation of limited resources such as blood component is paramount to PBM.
Predictive Modelling and Remedy Effectiveness for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease from Ultrasound Image Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: . Sushma , Kaur Mandeep
Published: February 2025

The global incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) makes the creation of efficacious treatment approaches imperative. Purpose: In this study, use the ML methodology on data retrieved from a multicenter ERCP database to evaluate and predict the effect of different therapeutic modalities for NAFLD to maximize personalizing individual treatment regimens and response management. Method: Using a large, rich dataset of biochemical biomarkers, clinical attributes, and patient demographics, this study leverages several state-of-the-art machine learning models, in particular, the VGG16 model) to detect patterns and variables related to success in treatment automatically. Result: show that the VGG16-based strategy significantly outperforms other methods in determining the success of treatment, stratifying non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by severity of grade: I (5–33%) in mild steatosis, II (34–66%) in medium severe steatosis, and III (>66%). Aggressive Stromal Response estate costs facilitate the use of prognostic factors to predict recurrence after surgery. Conclusion: AI-based strategies can enhance understanding of NAFLD management and enable the creation of personalized nutritional and therapeutic interventions. The integration of artificial intelligence with NAFLD management appears promising, offering fresh insights into treatment algorithms for prevalent chronic liver disease. Future scope: This research should focus on expanding the dataset and adding more parameters to enhance the generalizability and refinement of prediction models.
Dynamical Behaviour and Applications of Master-slave Fractional-order Non-volatile Memristor Chaotic Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Feng Binshuai , Liu Zeyu
Published: February 2025

In this work, a discrete fractional-order memristor is proposed and proven to be non-volatile, which can be used to model synaptic connections between neurons. Based on the proposed memristor, we put forward a novel fractional order non-volatile memristor chaotic Hopfield neural network, utilizing a time-scale-based difference method for decoupling. The dynamical behaviours of the suggested fractional-order system are analyzed through phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent, divergence, stability analysis of equilibrium point and bifurcation diagram. A master-slave system is constructed based on the proposed system, thereby achieving synchronization and a novel image encryption approach is proposed, grounded in the master-slave hyperchaotic system obtained. The experimental findings indicate that the encrypted image exhibits an approximately uniform pixel distribution and adjacent pixel correlations close to zero, making it robust to statistical analysis attacks. Furthermore, the algorithm demonstrates resilience to differential attack, information entropy analysis and chosen plaintext attack. As a consequence of the parameter sensitivity of the proposed hyperchaotic system, the proposed encryption scheme features a considerable key space.
Risk of hop viroids in citrus-based plant-strengthening products
Authors: Jagani Swati , Born Ute , Winterhagen Patrick , Schrader Gritta , Hagemann Michael Helmut
Published: February 2025

Plant-based agricultural products, such as citrus peel-derived oils, are gaining traction as sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. However, concerns remain about the potential transmission of viroids, particularly Cocadviroid rimocitri (formerly CBCVd), through these products. CBCVd poses significant risks to hop cultivation, causing severe economic losses due to its pathogenicity. This study evaluates the risk of viroid transmission, examining CBCVd, Hostuviroid impedihumuli (HSVd), and Pospiviroid exocortiscitri (CEVd) through orange oil using RNA extraction and RT-qPCR analysis. A detergent-based and a chaotropic RNA extraction protocol were tested, with the latter demonstrating superior performance in isolating RNA from orange oil-based formulations. Spiking experiments with CBCVd RNA confirmed consistent viroid detection in oil-RNA formulations. Notably, CBCVd and NAD were detectable in formulations with 90% RNA and 10% oil after seven days, suggesting RNA stability. However, viroids were undetectable in pure oil samples, indicating a low likelihood of integration during oil processing. Additionally, 32 orange peel samples were analyzed, revealing CBCVd in one and HSVd in seven fruit samples, but no viroid RNA or NAD was detected in the corresponding oils. These findings suggest that viroid transmission through orange oils is minimal. However, as orange oils are often formulated with water or surfactants, the hydrophilic nature of RNA may facilitate migration into aqueous phases, increasing transmission risk. Rigorous testing of raw materials and final products is recommended. This study establishes a critical framework for assessing viroid risks in citrus-based products for stringent phytosanitary controls.
Identification of Cross-Cancer Biomarkers: COMP mRNA and CARMN/GSEC lncRNAs Shared in Breast, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancers via Integrated Systems Biology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Askari Mohammadjavad , Hodaeian Ali , Hesami Saba , Mohammadipour Bita , Rahimi Mohammad Amin , Zamani Mehran , Izadi Fatemeh , Rezaei Mohammad , Shirdeli Sayedeh Zahra , Azadeh Mansoureh
Published: February 2025

Background
Advances in high-throughput genomic technologies have illuminated the significant role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which constitute 98% of the genome. Among these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in gene regulation and cancer progression. COMP, a cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, and lncRNAs CARMN and GSEC are implicated in breast, gastric, and colorectal cancers. These molecules influence tumor progression through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and key signaling pathways such as Notch3/Jagged1, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and ECM organization signaling. Despite advancements in cancer therapies, diagnostic and prognostic challenges persist, necessitating the identification of robust biomarkers.
Materials and Methods
Gene expression data from GEO and TCGA datasets were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes. Functional enrichment and pathway analyses highlighted key roles in ECM organization and associated signaling pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed to elucidate molecular interactions. Experimental validation included RNA extraction and qRT-PCR of 120 matched cancerous and normal tissues, followed by statistical evaluations, including ROC-AUC and survival analyses.
Results
COMP and GSEC were significantly up-regulated, while CARMN was down-regulated in breast and gastric cancer tissues and up-regulated in colorectal cancer. Functional enrichment revealed their involvement in ECM organization and tumor-promoting pathways. COMP exhibited excellent diagnostic potential with ROC-AUC values exceeding 0.9. Survival analysis associated CARMN expression with improved outcomes in gastric and colorectal cancers. Correlation analyses highlighted regulatory interactions among the biomarkers and their involvement in cancer-related signaling cascades.
Conclusion
COMP, CARMN, and GSEC are promising biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in breast, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Their roles in ECM remodeling and signaling pathways underscore their potential as therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools, warranting further exploration of their molecular mechanisms.
ÇALIŞMA HAYATINDA ENGELLİLER VE SENDİKALARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI
Authors: Çadırlı Onur , Etci Hilmi
Published: February 2025

Geçmişten günümüze küreselleşmenin ve neoliberal politikaların etkisiyle toplum yapısı, teknoloji, ekonomi ve sosyokültürel alanlar etkilenmiş olup daha önceleri fabrikalarda aynı anda çalışan işçiler, esnek çalışma, uzaktan çalışma gibi çalışmalar sebebiyle birlik içinde çalışamamaya başlamıştır. Bu değişiklikler özellikle sendikacılığı olumsuz etkilemiştir. Sendikaların içerisinde bulunduğu krizin aşılmasında sendikal faaliyetlere katılım konusunda yetersizlik yaşayan dezavantajlı grupların iş gücüne katılımını sağlamak, iş yerinde karşılaştıkları fiziksel ve psikolojik engelleri sonlandırmak veya azaltmak amacıyla engelli bireylerin sendikalara bakış açılarının ortaya konulması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada engelli çalışanların çalışma hayatında yaşadıkları sorunlar ve engelli çalışanların sendikalara yönelik algıları ortaya konulmaktadır. Buna göre, Muğla ilinde ikamet eden 18 engelli çalışanla derinlemesine görüşmelerle elde edilen verilere dayalı bir alan araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşme verileri betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu çalışma koşulları, çalışma hayatındaki kolaylık/zorluklar ve sendikal farkındalık hakkında benzer cevaplar vermişlerdir. Özellikle ücret, işyerindeki fiziksel eksiklikler ve sendikalara bakış konularında büyük bir oranı memnun olmamakla birlikte; sendikalara hak mücadelesi için değil, zorunluluk veya ek gelir sebebiyle girdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Yine büyük bir çoğunluğu sendikaların haklarını korumadığını, sendikaların güçlü olmadığını veya güçlü olmalarına rağmen hakları korumada yetersiz veya istemsiz olduğunun üzerinde durulmuştur.
AGRONOMICCHARACTERISATION OF UNDERGROWTH YAM (DIOSCOREA SP.,) FARMS IN COTE DIVOIRE
Authors:   Laboratoire de lAmelioration et de la Production Agricole, UFR Agroforesterie, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (UJLoG) Daloa, Cote dIvoire., SEY Junias , Mah-Yao ADOLPHE Germain ,   Programme SystÃƒÂ¨mes Agraires et Developpement Durable, Station Recherche Gagnoa, Centre National de Recherche., Charlotte TONESSIA Dolou ,   Laboratoire de lAmelioration et de la Production Agricole, UFR Agroforesterie, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (UJLoG) Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Evrard Brice DIBI Konan ,   Programme Racines et Tubercules, Station de Recherche sur les Cultures VivriÃƒÂ¨res Bouake, Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), Cote dIvoire., Francis SOUMAHIN Eric ,   Laboratoire de lAmelioration et de la Production Agricole, UFR Agroforesterie, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (UJLoG) Daloa, Cote dIvoire.
Published: February 2025

Yam, the staplefood of the Ivorian people, is the leadingfoodcrop in Cote dIvoire. Today, with the expansion of perennialcrops, especially rubber, yamsface the problem of a scarcity of arable land, whichthreatensfoodsecurity. To solve thisproblem, farmers are increasinglygrowingundergrowingyams as part of theirperennialcrops. This studyaims to characterize understory yam production systems in Cote dIvoire. To do this, data wascollectedfrom 127 understory yam producers in four main perennialcropregions (Centre/Centre-East, East, West and South-West). The studyshowedthat the main systemspractised are the association of yamswithcocoatrees (54%) and cashew trees (28%). The averageage of the treesis 20.13 years for cocoa and 12.85 years for cashew. White Cocoassie, Red Cocoassie, Yellow Cocoassie and Bolodja are the undergrowth yam varietiesgrown. Most of theseundergrowingyams are grown on gravellysoils on plateaux. The density of yam associations varies greatlydepending on the system. Thesesystemsneed to beimproved to increase yam yields and contribute to foodsecurity.